bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal streamflow forecasts using mixture-kernel GPR and advanced methods of input variable selection
Authors: Zhu Shuang , Luo Xiangang , Xu Zhanya , Ye Lei
Published: June 2018

Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is a new machine-learning method based on Bayesian theory and statistical learning theory. It provides a flexible framework for probabilistic regression and uncertainty estimation. The main effort in GPR modelling is determining the structure of the kernel function. As streamflow is composed of trend, period and random components. In this study, we constructed a mixture-kernel composed of squared exponential kernel, periodic kernel and a rational quadratic term to reflect different properties of streamflow time series to make streamflow forecasts. A relevant feature-selection wrapper algorithm was used, with a top-down search for relevant features by Random Forest, to offer a systematic factors analysis that can potentially affect basin streamflow predictability. Streamflow prediction is evaluated by putting emphasis on the degree of coincidence, the deviation on low flows, high flows and the error level. The objective of this study is to construct a seasonal streamflow forecasts model using mixture-kernel GPR and the advanced input variable selection method. Results show that the mixture-kernel GPR has good forecasting quality, and top importance predictors are streamflow at 12, 6, 5, 1, 11, 7, 8, 4 months ahead, Nino 1 + 2 at 11, 5, 12, 10 months ahead.
Variations in activities of sewer biofilms due to ferrous and ferric iron dosing
Authors: Kiilerich Bruno , Kiilerich Pia , Nielsen Asbjørn H. , Vollertsen Jes
Published: June 2018

Addition of ferrous and ferric iron salts to wastewater is a commonly used practice for sulfide abatement in sewer force mains. When iron is added to wastewater where sulfate respiration takes place, it produces ferrous sulfide precipitates with the formed sulfide. The effect of iron addition has traditionally been focused on solely from the perspective of reaction stoichiometry. Possible influences on the microbial communities in biofilms growing in force mains have largely been neglected. In this study the activity and microbiome was examined in three pilot scale force mains conveying real wastewater, two subjected to iron treatment and one operated as an untreated control. Activity was measured on suspended biofilm samples extracted from the experimental setup. The microbiome of the biofilm was analyzed by V3 + V4 16S rDNA sequencing. Correlation analysis of chemical composition of the biofilms and activity measurements for operational taxonomic units of relevance to sulfide and methane production were performed. In conclusion, it was found that both ferrous and ferric treatment reduced sulfate reduction and methane production, and that both iron salts induced significant changes to force main biofilm microbiomes.
Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Iranian Commercial Honeys
Authors: Zarei Mehdi , Fazlara Ali , Hamedani Maedeh S.
Published: June 2018

Background:

All over the world, the quality of commercial honeys varies greatly depending
on many factors. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and antioxidant
properties of Iranian commercial honeys to confirm their nutritional and economical quality.

Methods:

Fifty three honey samples from six different types, including alfalfa, milkvetch, lotus,
thyme, coriander and multifloral honeys, were analyzed for pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity,
Ash, moisture, hydroxymethylfurfural, reducing sugars, glucose, fructose, proline, color, total phenolic
content, ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical-scavenging activity.

Results:

: In total, physicochemical properties of different honey types were in the range of 4.3 ± 0.49
to 5.2 ± 0.49 for pH, 13.81 ± 2.5 to 26.22 ± 2.8 for free acidity (meq/kg), 15.95 ± 0.45 to 17.98 ± 0.97
for moisture (%), 282.2 ± 50.3 to 578 ± 47 for electrical conductivity (µS/cm), 0.14 ± 0.04 to 0.38 ±
0.03 for ash (g/100 g), 68.66 ± 4.3 to 72.09 ± 6.4 for reducing sugars (g/100 g), 34.67 ± 2.6 to 36.7 ±
2.2 for glucose (g/100 g), 31.9 ± 4.75 to 37.04 ± 4.0 for fructose (g/100 g), 6.1 ± 5.8 to 22.85 ± 10.9
for hydroxymethylfurfural (mg/kg), 426.7 ± 53.91 to 593.9 ± 108.6 for proline (mg/kg), 46.27 ± 4.3 to
96.04 ± 14.4 for color (mm) and 245.4 ± 48.45 to 573.9 ± 69.3 for total phenolic (mg/kg) content. In
terms of antioxidant capacity, lotus and thyme honeys were preferable, while the highest level of
DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power were observed in lotus and
thyme honeys.

Conclusion:

These results confirmed that the Iranian commercial honeys meet the quality standards
established by national and international regulatory agencies.
On the Use of 6th-Order Tunable Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Varactor based Filter in Ultra-Wideband Low Noise Amplifier
Authors: Khaleel Farooq , Nadhim Abbas M.
Published: June 2018

Background:

The plethora of the emerged radio frequency applications makes the frequency spectrum crowded by many applications and hence the ability to detect specific application’s frequency without distortion is a difficult task to achieve.

Objective:

The goal is to achieve a method to mitigate the highest interferer power in the frequency spectrum in order to eliminate the distortion.

Method:

This paper presents the application of the proposed tunable 6th-order notch filter on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) utilising self-forward body bias (SFBB).

Results:

The proposed filter presents 23.5dBm minimum interferer rejection (IR) and attenuates the interferer signal from -43dBm to -67dBm at frequency 5.17GHz. In addition, the maximum IR is 40dBm and attenuates the interferer signal from -41dBm to -81dBm at frequency 5.785GHz. The proposed filter provides coarse tuning with frequency spacing (10MHz) and soft tuning with frequency spacing (1MHz). The UWB CMOS LNA consumes only 5.22mW from a supply voltage of 1.2V and presents a maximum gain of 14dB at frequency 6.25GHz in the -3dB bandwidth from 4.75GHz to 7.5GHz. In addition, the average noise figure is 3.1dB and the input insertion losses (S11) is less than -12dB along the designed bandwidth. The simulation is performed in Advanced Design System (ADS2016.01) software utilising 180nm Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) Berkeley Short-channel Insulated Gate Field Effect Model (BSIM3v3) model files.

Conclusion:

The proposed method achieves high interferer power rejection with both soft and coarse tuning.
Twenty Years of Full-Mouth Disinfection: The Past, the Present and the Future
Authors: Pockpa Ange Désiré , Soueidan Assem , Louis Pauline , Coulibaly Nadin Thérèse , Badran Zahi , Struillou Xavier
Published: June 2018

Background:

Conventional periodontal treatment, performed quadrant by quadrant in multiple visits, was re-evaluated in the early 1990s when the full-mouth disinfection concept was introduced. Over the years, several modifications to the full-mouth disinfection approach have been suggested.

Objective:

The purpose of this article is to review the evolution of full-mouth disinfection during the past 20 years, to specify its indications and to consider the prospects for this approach.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic and manual search of the literature, ending in December 2016, was performed by two independent researchers. Only pivotal studies and randomized controlled clinical trials published in the English language that evaluated a new approach to full-mouth disinfection were selected.

Results:

According to the studies included in our analysis (21 articles), several modified full-mouth disinfection protocols have been designed including: full-mouth treatment without chlorhexidine, the extension of hygiene methods and an increase in the duration of post-treatment chlorhexidine use, the replacement of chlorhexidine with other antiseptics, supplementation with antibiotics or probiotics, full-mouth antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and one-stage full-mouth disinfection combined with a periodontal dressing.

Conclusion:

Since 1995, several modifications have been suggested to improve the effectiveness of full-mouth disinfection. The majority of the studies demonstrate that the results obtained with full-mouth disinfection and its variants are equivalent to each other and to those obtained with the conventional quadrant method. Currently, the selection of this technique remains empirical and depends on the preferences of the practitioner and the patient. In the future, a patient-centered approach should be the best indication for the use of this technique.
Modelling Respon Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Pembiayaan Pada Bank Syariah Di Indonesia
Authors: Sudarsono Heri
Published: June 2018

 

This research is meant to analyze the factors affecting the amount of financing provided by Islamic banking in Indonesia. The data which is used is taken from the financial report of the Shari’a Bank during the 2011-2015 periods by using montly financial statement This study uses a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to see the long-term effect and response to shock that occur in the studied variables. The result shows that in the long run, the percentage of third party funds (DPK), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), financial deposit ratio (FDR), percentage profit and loss sharing (TBH), give a positive and significant effect on the financing, while BOPO  has negative and significant effect.  Return on asset (ROA) and non perfroming finance (NPF) have no significant effect on the financing. In short run, financing and BOPO give a positive and siqnificant effect on teh financing, then DPK, CAR, FDR, TBH have no sinificant effect on the financing. Therfore, shocks that occur in the financing, ROA, CAR, FDR dan NPF positively responded by financing and will be stable in the long term. While the shocks that occur in the percentage of profit and loss sharing, third party funds, and BOPO responded negatively by financing and will be stable in the long term.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Akuntabilitas &Transparansi Informasi Keuangan Daerah Melalui Website
Authors: Wilopo Indra Agung
Published: June 2018

Abstracts : This research aims to find new evidence, the factors that affect the accountability and transparency of financial information via the website area. With the rules and regulations related to the disclosure of public information, as the practice of good governance, all government units are obliged to submit financial information to the public in a transparent manner. One media delivery of such information is through the website. Based on a review of literature and previous research, we use the seven factors suspected to affect the accountabilitty and transparency of financial information via the website area, the factors are the ratio of PAD, the size of the local government, the complexity of the administration, the ratio of debt financing, shopping areas, the level of welfare and quality of financial reporting area. In this study, researchers used the several districts government and cities in Indonesia, and run two test models are logistic regression and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the only factor which the level of welfare significant positive effect on the transparency of financial information via the website regions, whereas other factors had no significant effect. This indicates that the public welfare, which implies the use of Internet media to access the area of financial information. These results imply that the presentation of financial information based pressure area information needs of the community have access to the internet, that people who are already good level of welfare.
Analisa Penerapan Prinsip Syariah dalam Asuransi
Authors: Suripto Teguh , Salam Abdullah
Published: June 2018

In recent years, we have heard and seen many economic activities based on Islamic law or Sharia law. These activities are related to the production process in the service industry. So it appears Sharia Business Unit (UUS), such as Islamic Banking, Sharia Insurance, Sharia Pawnshops, Sharia Leasing, even up to syariah tourism. This is certainly very reasonable, because the rationality and social level of human life undergo many changes, from the level of social and economic life that has freedom, to a new economic level that requires religious values. The Islamic economic system has different characteristics from conventional economics. Islamic economics is a fair and thorough system and seeks to ensure that wealth is not collected only to one group, but spread throughout society. (Afzalur Rahman, 1996: 11). One of Sharia financial institutions that can apply the sharia principles is Sharia Insurance. This research will try to analyze the principles of sharia in insurance, using qualitative descriptive method that is describing the object of research by using literature study that comes from the relevant book or journal. The result of the research shows that there are 8 principles in Takaful Insurance which become the guideline of implementation, that is Tawheed (Ketaqwaan), Justice, Not Dzalim, At Tawaun (please help), Amanah, Ridha, Khitmah (good service), and free from gharar element, maisir, and usury. In practice many sharia entities have been implementing sharia principles well although there are still some shortcomings in Takaful insurance, for example in research that has been done by Erza Armas hardi, 2015 obtained the result that Takaful insurance has not touched the bottom of society group (grass root).

Keywords :  Sharia Insurance, Sharia Principles, Sharia Entity, Tabarru
Pengaruh Syariah Marketing, Trust dan Complaint Handling terhadap Customer Financing Loyalty pada KSPS BMT Surya Sleman
Authors: Kharisma Riza , Salam Abdul , Jang Jaya Rico Saktiawab
Published: June 2018

This study aims to test and determine the influence of sharia marketing, trust and complaint handling to customer financial loyalty. Subjects in this study are active financing customers at KSPS BTM Surya PDM Sleman in 2017. There was 65 financing customers as this research sample, selected by using purposive sampling method. This study aims to prove, (1) does sharia marketing have a positive effect on customer financial loyalty, (2) does the trust have a positive effect on customer financial loyalty, (3) does the complaint handling have positive effect on customer financial loyalty, (4) does sharia marketing, trust and complaint handling have simultaneous effect on customer financial loyalty.

Based on t test results, it can be seen that the variables of marketing sharia obtained t value of 1.222 <1.670, thus it can be concluded that sharia marketing has no significant effect on customer financial loyalty. Trust variable obtained t value 2.248> 1.670 thus it can be concluded that trust significantly influence the customer financial loyalty. Complaint handling variable obtained t value arithmetic 3.208> 1.670 thus can be concluded that complaint handling had significant effect on customer financial loyalty. While the hypothesis testing can be seen that f arithmetic is 64,710 while f table 2,76 with significant level 0,000> 0,05. This means that all independent variables can influence the dependent variable all together toward customer financial loyalty.

Keywords: Sharia Marketing, Trust, Complaint Handling, Customer Financial Loyalty
Akuntabilitas dalam Perspektif Akuntansi Syariah: Studi Kasus pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Mubtadi Novendi Arkham , Agustin Gita Paramita , Susilowati Dewi
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the accountability between reporting information ZIS (Alms, infaq and sadaqah) institutions revealed Zakat Institution with the concept of Shariah Accounting. This study uses the method of documentation and observation to management ZIS (Alms, infaq and sadaqah) is done based on those in item concept Shariah Accounting by analyzing report on the use ZIS (Alms, infaq and sadaqah) based on three aspects is god, human, and nature. The results of this study indicate that management ZIS (Alms, infaq and sadaqah) in BAZNAS Kebumen there is still deficiencie in conformity with the concept Shariah Accounting aspects of God, human, and nature has been done by BAZNAS Kebumen.

Keywords: Accountability, Shariah Accounting, Zakat Institution
Knowledge Management Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Learning Organization Di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Nuryana Zalik
Published: June 2018

Being a superior education institution is the hope of every educational institution, not exception in Islamic education. In the midst of competition between these institutions, Islamic education should be able to respond to changes quickly if it does not want to displaced and dead. Each of Islamic educational institutions that have certain characteristics to be able to be the strength and foundation to become a superior institution. Knowlegde Management  as an approach which is based on the understanding that the task of the school is a good understanding of how and when the creation of knowledge should be supported, how to use the accumulated knowledge that has been created so that this knowledge can improve productivity. With the knowledge of their respective Islamic educational institutions and managed properly expected of Islamic educational institutions remained firm stand to become an institution of superior and competitive.
Upaya Penurunan Tingkat Perilaku Agresif Di Madrasah Dengan Teknik Konseling Kelompok (Studi Kasus Pelanggaran Disiplin Aturan Madrasah ) Pada Siswa Klas 7 F Semester Genap Tahun Pelajaran 2016/ 2017 Mtsn Prambanan Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Hartini Sri
Published: June 2018

The formulation of this research problem is, Is using group counseling technique technique can decrease aggressive behavior in grade VII student MTs N Prambanan academic year 2016/2017 semester II? The research is done by using qualitative approach, that is kind of research of class action. Stages of research conducted according to the stages proposed by Kemmis and Mc Taggart Subject researchers amounted to 30 students. The results showed that Behavior of aggressive attitude of 7F grade students through group counseling service on cycle I 50% for aggressive behavior of male students and 10% for female students so as to decrease aggressive behavior of fight in school 96.6% to 36.6% 29 students behave aggressively in two weeks reduced to 18 learners. With the decrease in the number of students as many as 11 students, then in cycle II of 96.6% decreased again to 10%, which means there is a change of 86.6% is a significant decline. This suggests that through the provision of group counseling services may decrease aggressive fighting behavior in schools at 7 7th grade students MTsN Prambanan Klaten District.
Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam Integratif di Indonesia; Kajian Filosofis dan Metode Implementasi
Authors: Ilyasir Fiska
Published: June 2018

This paper attempts to discuss development of an integrated system of Islamic education in Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia. After reviewing the problems of Islamic education as well as alternative solutions that may able to solve these problems, the authors conclude that in dealing with changes in modern society, internally and independently, Islamic educational institutions must resolve the issues of dichotomy, and also related to the purpose and functions of their institutions.

Islamic educational institutions must develop a new design of an integrated Islamic education. Some steps of these redesign is expected to be a solution to this problem, including reviewing the philosophical foundation of the institutions, integrating Islamic values into the learning process, and also it's implementation.

On the philosophical level, educational institutions should revitalize their institutional goals, so that it will be a reference for the institution to implement the educational process. Whereas in the implementation stage, the institution must carry out these integration of Islamic education to the learning system, including the learning objectives, materials, human resources, or the environment.

 
Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) Bukan Sampah dan Musibah di Sekolah Penyelenggara Pendidikan Inklusif (SPPI)
Authors: . Rusmiyati
Published: June 2018

Inclusion schools provide opportunities to all students of various backgrounds and conditions within a school system and try to discover and develop the potential of multiple students. In developing the potential of students is not only applied to the students special need but also not special need. For the purposes of developing inclusive education teaching, the special needs of learners need to identify and assess the benefits and constraints, as well as the needs of learners. In its capacity as an educator, academic assessment is the main task and function of the teacher. Therefore, teachers can do an academic assessment. But for other assessments such as medical assessment, psychological, of course must be done by professionals who competence in the field.

The curriculum needed for learners with special needs is determined from the assessment results, whether a learner requires modification of the Learning Program Design (RPP) or Individual Learning Program (PPI). Curriculum development in inclusive settings includes duplication, modification, substitution and omission. Teachers in particular schools of inclusion should be provided with knowledge of inclusiveness for children with special needs. Sehinggan ABK can get optimal service.
Implementasi Landasan Filosofis – Teleologis Pendidikan Islam Dalam Membangun Pendidikan Karakter (Telaah Surat Ali Imran Ayat 79)
Authors: Badriah Laelatul
Published: June 2018

Education is a necessity for every human being, education has the task to form the character, both the character of educators and the character of learners. Al Qur'an letter of Imam Ali 79 paragraph emphasizes the formation of rabbani human beings who will form human beings who love science, love to learn and nagging amar ma'ruf nahi munkar. This review is important to provide an overview of the importance of Islamic education in character building. Therefore, this study can provide a new color for the change of paradigm of Islamic education in conducting academic and non academic activities in an effort to form the character from an early age. So that it can reach the rabbani man in accordance with the Qur'an letter of Imran Ali 79 paragraph and can be implemented in the Islamic education practice both formal and non formal.

Keyword: Character Education, Insan Rabbani, Philosophical Foundation - Teleologis
Patient Engagement and Attitudes Toward Using the Electronic Medical Record for Medical Research: The 2015 Greater Plains Collaborative Health and Medical Research Family Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Davis Ann M , Hanrahan Lawrence P , Bokov Alex F , Schlachter Sarah , Laroche Helena H , Waitman Lemuel Russell ,   GPC Height Weight Research Team
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Electronic health records (EHRs) are ubiquitous. Yet little is known about the use of EHRs for prospective research purposes, and even less is known about patient perspectives regarding the use of their EHR for research.

OBJECTIVE

This paper reports results from the initial obesity project from the Greater Plains Collaborative that is part of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute’s National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORNet). The purpose of the project was to (1) assess the ability to recruit samples of adults of child-rearing age using the EHR; (2) prospectively assess the willingness of adults of child-rearing age to participate in research, and their willingness (if parents) to have their children participate in medical research; and (3) to assess their views regarding the use of their EHRs for research.

METHODS

The EHRs of 10 Midwestern academic medical centers were used to select patients. Patients completed a survey that was designed to assess patient willingness to participate in research and their thoughts about the use of their EHR data for research. The survey included questions regarding interest in medical research, as well as basic demographic and health information. A variety of contact methods were used.

RESULTS

A cohort of 54,269 patients was created, and 3139 (5.78%) patients responded. Completers were more likely to be female (53.84%) and white (85.84%). These and other factors differed significantly by site. Respondents were overwhelmingly positive (83.9%) about using EHRs for research.

CONCLUSIONS

EHRs are an important resource for engaging patients in research, and our respondents concurred. The primary limitation of this work was a very low response rate, which varied by the method of contact, geographic location, and respondent characteristics. The primary strength of this work was the ability to ascertain the clinically observed characteristics of nonrespondents and respondents to determine factors that may contribute to participation, and to allow for the derivation of reliable study estimates for weighting responses and oversampling of difficult-to-reach subpopulations. These data suggest that EHRs are a promising new and effective tool for patient-engaged health research.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

NA
Online Lifestyle Modification Intervention: Survey of Primary Care Providers� Attitudes and Views (Preprint)
Authors: Hanna Reem M , Fischer Gary , Conroy Molly B , Bryce Cindy , Hess Rachel , McTigue Kathleen
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Online tools are a convenient and effective method of delivering lifestyle interventions to obese adult primary care patients. A referral model allows physicians to efficiently direct their patients to the intervention during a primary care visit. However, little is known of physicians’ perspectives and utilization of the referral model for an online lifestyle modification intervention.

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to evaluate the response of primary care providers (PCPs) to a referral model for implementing a year-long online intervention for weight loss to obese adult patients.

METHODS

The PCPs at six primary care clinics were asked to refer adult obese patients to a year-long online lifestyle intervention providing self-management support for weight loss. Following the 1-year intervention, all providers at the participating practices were surveyed regarding their views of the program. Respondents completed survey items assessing their attitudes regarding the 1-year intensive weight loss intervention and identifying resources they would find helpful for assisting patients with weight loss. Referring physicians were asked about their level of satisfaction with implementing the counseling services using standard electronic health record referral processes. Attitudes toward obesity counseling among referring and nonreferring providers were compared. Impressions of how smoothly the referral model of obesity treatment integrated with the clinical workflow were also quantified.

RESULTS

Of the 67 providers who completed the surveys, nonreferring providers (n=17) were more likely to prefer counseling themselves (P=.04) and to report having sufficient time to do so (P=.03) than referring providers (n=50) were. Nonreferring providers were more likely to report that their patients lacked computer skills (76%, 13/17 vs 34%, 17/50) or had less access to the Internet (65%, 11/17 vs 32%, 16/50).

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding providers’ views and barriers regarding the integration of online tools will facilitate widespread implementation of an online lifestyle modification intervention.
Analisis dan perancangan sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah berdasarkan kebutuhan sistem
Authors: Rahmawati Nurul Alifah , Bachtiar Arif Cahyo
Published: June 2018

Introduction. School libraries  as part of the educational institution are required to provide all the necessary information resources to support learning process. A reliable library  system is needed to improve the library services. Data Collection Method. Theresearch method used was observation to developa new system and improve an existing one.Data Analysis. The design of the school library information system is based on “need analysis” to tackle problems occur in library services. Results and Discussions. The design of school library information systems is made simpler than University library or regional library or even archive management  that are based on circulation services, including lending and returning and fines.The school library information system is designed by using phpMyAdmin programming language and SQL database. The steps taken include inputting data collections, membership data, membercard printing, library free printing, lending and returning transactions and data reporting, including fines. The design undertaken to make the school library information system includes the design of the interface system design to facilitate users and librarians in managing the school library.Conclusions and recommendations. With the simple system design, it is expected that school libraries can create their own information system so that the service can be more  effective and efficient.
Veterinarians’ Perceptions of Online Services
Authors: King Karland , Bechter Clemens , Rotchanakitumnuai Siriluck
Published: June 2018

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the perceived usefulness of online materials from a veterinarian’s perspective. The authors used an online questionnaire that was posted on the homepage of a Veterinarian News site. Questions were based on previous publications and added contemporary services such as remote pet monitoring by means of wearable electronic devices. According to our study, the perceived usefulness of online services can be condensed into four major dimensions: 1) Authoritative Knowledge & Updates; 2) Practical Online Content delivered by webportals; 3) Remote Monitoring/Tracking of pets; 4) Health Coaching. The findings have implications for the cooperation between suppliers and veterinarians. One size does not fit all. Veterinarians want to use digital media for receiving competent personalized advice in order to sell it on to their customers. Suppliers will have to provide unbiased advice to compete for veterinarian’s heart share instead of simple market share.
CALCULATION OF PRESCRIBED DAILY DOSE OF ANTICOAGULANTS IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: K Venkateshwarlu , Tp Joshua Jacinth , G Praneeth , G Anusha , Goud N Rahul
Published: June 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to identify the commonly prescribed anticoagulants and to study the prescription pattern of anticoagulants in various indications and to calculate prescribing daily dose (PDD) and to compare PDD with defined daily dose of anticoagulants.Methods: A total of 119 patients of all age groups, either of sex who are receiving anticoagulant therapy were included in this prospective observational study done in limited period of 6 months in the inpatient department of general medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, and surgery. Patients who are non-cooperative, cancer patients, psychiatric patients, and patients on hemodialysis and receiving anticoagulant treatment, and patients suffering from end-stage renal disease and hepatic failure are excluded from the study.Results: In this study, we found that heparin, Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), warfarin, and acenocoumarol are the most commonly used drugs, of which heparin is highly prescribed. The use of anticoagulants in cardiovascular diseases was found to be high compared to other indications. PDD: DDD of warfarin is 0.46, acenocoumarol is 0.75, i.e., half the dose of drug showed its effectiveness, whereas heparin is 1.86, LMWH’s is 2.9, i.e., double the dose is used to treat the disease effectively. A total of eight adverse drug reactions are observed with Vitamin K antagonists, i.e., 6.72%.Conclusion: We observed that the anticoagulants were not prescribed as the WHO defined doses in the study site. Vitamin K antagonists were prescribed at half of the WHO defined doses and heparin derivatives were prescribed at increased doses and sometimes double the WHO defined doses; these variations may be due to disease characteristics or patient characteristics or drug characteristics.
SERUM LEPTIN AND ADIPOSITY INDICATORS IN INFERTILE FEMALES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP
Authors: Senghor Arul , Shivashekar Meera , Vinodhini Vm
Published: June 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the interrelationship of adiposity indicators such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, waist–hip ratio and waist height ratio, body adiposity index (BAI) in obese and non-obese female individuals unable to conceive. And also to correlate serum leptin levels with adiposity indicators in infertile females of reproductive age group.Materials and Methods: Infertile females of reproductive age group were classified as obese and non-obese individuals based on BMI and waist–hip ratio. Serum leptin levels were estimated and correlated with adiposity indicators using Pearson’s correlation statistical analysis.Results: The mean age and duration of infertility were high in obese than the non-obese infertile females. Leptin showed significant positive correlation with WC, waist hip ratio (WHR), and waist/height ratio than the routinely done BMI which had low positive correlation. BAI had mild positive correlation with leptin.Conclusion: WC and WHR are simple convenient non-invasive tools that can differentiate the type of obesity. Adiposity indicators guide the physician to identify the infertile female individuals who require preliminary steps toward weight reduction before starting the right line of therapy to correct their hormonal imbalance.
A CASE STUDY ON SCHIZOPHRENIA INDUCED MULTIPLE COMORBIDITIES
Authors: M Jagadeesan , Kumar R Kiran , Abraham Justin Jacob
Published: June 2018

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior which includes false beliefs, confusion, and auditory hallucination. Antipsychotic drugs therapy increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD) in schizophrenic patients. Hence, we have planned for a systematic approach toward the management of comorbidities induced in schizophrenic patients. A case study was conducted in 42-year-old female patient diagnosed with schizophrenia along with Type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, systemic hypertension, CAD-acute coronary syndrome recent inferior wall myocardial infarction. The patient was treated with atypical antipsychotics, antiplatelets, antianginals, statins, hypoglycemic agents, and other supportive measures. The patient improved symptomatically. The antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia induces abnormal metabolic syndrome which results in decreased glucose and lipid metabolism that leads to obesity, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia associated with cardiovascular risks. Often antipsychotics are combined with benzodiazepines and antiparkinson agents to reduce the risks caused from large doses of antipsychotic medication. However, people receiving first-generation antipsychotics have higher prevalence of developing diabetes mellitus and cardiac risks compared to second-generation antipsychotics. Hence, we conclude that atypical antipsychotic drugs such as amisulpride, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone should be given to schizophrenic patients because these drugs have little effects on abnormal metabolic syndrome when compared to other antipsychotics. There is a need for proper screening of blood glucose level and cardiovascular risks assessment before the administration of antipsychotic medications to schizophrenic patients and also during the course of treatment regularly.
ISOLATION, QUANTIFICATION, AND IDENTIFICATION OF ROSMARINIC ACID, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL OIL, CYTOTOXIC EFFECT, AND ANTIMICROBIAL INVESTIGATION OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS LEAVES.
Authors: Tawfeeq Amani A , Mahdi Monther F , Abaas Ibrahim S , Alwan Ali Hussein
Published: June 2018

Objective: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves, and it is member species of Lamiaceae family raised from Mediterranean region. The aims of the study were isolation, quantification, and identification of rosmarinic acid of R. officinalis leaves and essential oil analysis using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and also cytotoxic and antibacterial investigation against different species of bacteria.Methods: It was isolated by preparative HPLC and preparative TLC, and then it was determined by HPTLC. The identification and the structural elucidation of isolated rosmarinic acid were performed by H-nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS), infrared, and ultraviolet. Essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass.Results: Results highlighted that rosmarinic acid content was 0.9% and the oil content was 1.8%, and R. officinalis chemotypes of Iraqi rosemary oil were camphor 23.04%, 1, 8-cineole 14.01%, and terpinen-4-ol 13.8%. The rosemary chemotype characterized as a high concentration of terpinen- 4-ol and good inhibition effect of rosemary methanolic extract against different species bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Proteus mirabilis.Conclusions: The plant has a good content of rosemary phytochemicals and antibacterial effect, so the plantation of rosemary in Iraq has been successes. These isolated compounds are a suitable candidate for further clinical and pharmacological study.
METABOLIC SYNDROME - AN EMERGING RISK FACTOR FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Shenai Ashwini , G Savitha
Published: June 2018

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common health problem worldwide. According to third national health and nutrition examination survey criteria, about 47 million people have MetS. It is defined as having three or more of the following five risk factors including abdominal obesity, increased triglyceride levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose levels. These components of MetS are major risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) also. CKD is a major public problem and it is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Hence, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between MetS and CKD.Methods: A total of 50 patients reporting to Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals were enrolled into the study which includes 25 patients with MetS and 25 healthy individuals. 5 mL of venous blood was collected and centrifuged. Then, it is analyzed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum triglycerides, serum urea, and creatinine using the standard kit method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software.Results: The mean body mass index, FBS, serum creatinine, and triglyceride levels were higher in MetS patients in comparison to healthy individuals. The mean body mass index (BMI), FBS, serum urea, serum creatinine, and triglyceride levels in the control group and MetS group were 27.75±3.67, 84.8±12.5, 17.52±5.2, 0.91±0.17, and 96.5±60.13 and 35.14±4.25, 108.8±34.69, 21.4±5.9, 1.0±0.14, and 239.76±51.21, respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean BMI, FBS, urea, creatinine, and triglyceride levels of the above group.Conclusion: Serum urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher in MetS individuals. Hence, MetS could be a one of the risk factors for the development of CKD.
DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER: A REVIEW
Authors: Rani Pratibha , Singh Kamaldeep , Arjuna Anania , Devi Savita
Published: June 2018

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer in men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the biomarker used for the screening of prostate cancer and other prostate-related problems. Not only the genetic factors are involved dietary factors, environmental factors but also responsible for the development of prostate cancer. Risk factors such as family history, age, chemical exposure, infection, and smoking are at the peak point for the development of prostate disease. Advanced age is one of the main risk factors. Radical prostatectomy is the most common therapy for small group of patients with high-grade tumors. Early screening of PSA reduces the incidence rate of prostate cancer. Mostly prostate abnormalities are seen in among male patients above the age of 50 years or older. In worldwide population, the epidemiology of prostate cancer is high in western countries and less in Asian countries.
ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF COMMIPHORA MUKUL AGAINST ATHEROGENIC DIET-INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: Shaik Jaffar , Khan Zeenath
Published: June 2018

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of antihyperlipidemic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Commiphora mukul (EECM) gum resin and compares its efficacy with that of atorvastatin against atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemia model using rat as an experimental animal.Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Control animals received normal diet, hyperlipidemic control; rats treated with EECM 100 and 200 mg/kg and positive control, receiving standard drug atorvastatin 2.70 mg/kg.Results: Increase the level of serum cholesterol, phospholipids, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides causing hyperlipidemia further leading to the development of atherosclerosis. On the other hand, oral administration of ethyl acetate extract of C. mukul at dose of 200 mg/kg for 15 days resulted in the prevention of above abnormalities.Conclusion: The results suggest that EECM could be beneficial in the treatment of atherosclerosis, characterized by atherogenic lipoprotein profile and abnormalities in lipid metabolism.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES WITH DIFFERENT CYCLODEXTRIN DERIVATIVES IN IMPROVING THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION OF SAQUINAVIR
Authors: Sogali Bharani S , Bn Vikram , Murthy Kv Ramana
Published: June 2018

Objective: The present study was aimed to perform comparative studies with different cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives and to study the effect of different methods of preparation in improving the solubility and dissolution of saquinavir (SQV).Methods: Phase solubility studies were performed with beta CD (βCD), hydroxypropyl βCD, randomly methylated βCD, and sulfobutyl ether βCD (SBE7βCD). Complexes were prepared using physical mixture, coevaporation, kneading, spray drying, and freeze-drying techniques. For complexes prepared by spray drying, process parameters were optimized based on percentage yield. The prepared complexes were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction studies, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In vitro drug release study was conducted in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 and mean dissolution time (MDT) was calculated for all freeze-dried complexes.Results: Phase solubility studies showed a linear relationship with an increase in CD concentration and phase diagrams were of AL type. Highest stability constant was observed with SQV-SBE7βCD (8281.28/M). All characterization studies proved complexation. Among four CD derivatives, SQV complexed with SBE7βCD by freeze-drying showed maximum drug release and low MDT of 20.67.Conclusion: Among different CDs, SBE7βCD proved as ideal CD derivative, and among different methods of preparations, freeze-drying method was found to be useful in improving the solubility and dissolution of SQV.
ANTI-CATARACT ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA INDICA AGAINST NAPHTHALENE-INDUCED CATARACT IN RATS
Authors: Patel Milap R , Bg Patel
Published: June 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the anti-cataract activity of the aqueous extract of Garcinia indica (AGI) fruit rinds on naphthalene-induced cataract using rats.Methods: Anti-cataract activity of AGI was evaluated using naphthalene model. Rats were divided into five groups (n=6 in each). Naphthalene solution was prepared by dissolving naphthalene in warm corn oil and administered at the dose of 0.5 g/kg/day p.o. for first 3 days and 1 g/kg/day p.o. thereafter for the induction of cataract. Group I normal control received corn oil 5 ml/kg/day. Group II cataract control received naphthalene solution. Group III received Vitamin E 50 mg/kg/day p.o., and Groups IV and V received AGI 200 mg/kg/day p.o and 400 mg/kg/day p.o., respectively, along with the naphthalene solution for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, levels of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides (LH), carbonyl and sulfhydryl content, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in lens homogenate were measured.Results: Administration of naphthalene produced a mature cataract and an increase in the opacity index. A significant increase in LH and protein carbonyl content while decrease in protein SH content and antioxidant enzymes was found in naphthalene control group as compared to normal control group. Simultaneous administration of AGI and naphthalene delayed the onset and maturation of cataract.Conclusion: The present investigation suggests that AGI protected the lens against naphthalene-induced oxidative damage which might be responsible for delaying the progression of cataract.
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF THE PUNICA GRANATUM JUICE IN DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE–SALT MODEL OF HYPERTENSION IN RATS
Authors: Pankaj M Chaudhari , Dheeraj T Baviskar , Sachin N Mahajan
Published: June 2018

Objective: Hypertension an important global health challenge is the prevalent cause of cardiovascular disease. Natural products are emerging as new therapeutic tools in the management of hypertension due to side effects and the patient’s adherence of the existing treatments. In the present study, we investigated the antihypertensive effect of the Punica granatum juice in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)–salt model of hypertension in rats.Methods: Antihypertensive activity was evaluated in P. granatum juice extract (PGJ) (PJ-100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg; p.o.) for 4 weeks in DOCA treated rats. Blood pressure by non-invasive (indirect) method and invasive method was measured. Further, vascular reactivity to noradrenaline (1 μg/kg), adrenaline (1 μg/kg), phenylephrine (1 μg/kg), serotonin (1 μg/kg), and angiotensin II (25 ng/kg) was recorded. Antioxidant studies such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); while enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GSH) in kidney tissue was also carried out.Results: Administration of PGJ (PJ-100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg; p.o.) for 4 weeks in DOCA treated rats significantly (p<0.05) reduced the mean arterial blood pressure and vascular reactivity changes to various catecholamines. PJ treatment significantly (p<0.05) decreased the levels of TBARS; while enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, and GSH in kidney tissue was significantly increased.Conclusion: Results of the present work suggest that PGJ has an antihypertensive action in unilateral nephrectomized DOCA-salt hypertensive rats and could be possible starting point for treatment of hypertension with increased patient adherence.