bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Credit-to-GDP Gap as a Leading Indicator of Banking Crises in India
Authors: Akhter Javaid , Tandon Deepak , Kulshreshtha Gaurav
Published: September 2022

As per the 15th progress report on adoption of the BASEL regulatory framework, published in October 2018 by Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, 26 member jurisdictions now have final rules in force for CCCB. In India, the final rules on CCCB came into force from 5th Feb, 2014; however, the buffer has not been activated by RBI till now as in its assessment, the Credit to GDP gap and other indicators currently do not warrant activation of the countercyclical capital buffer (CCCB). The Basel III regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems, released in December 2010, had introduced the CCCB aimed at strengthening banks defense against the build-up of systemic vulnerabilities. The CCCB is a pre-emptive measure that requires banks to build-up capital gradually as imbalances in the credit market develop. The primary objective of CCCB is to avoid any banking industry stress resulting from wide fluctuations in the credit cycle using the credit-to-GDP gap. In doing so, it raises the cost of capital for banks resulting in moderation of credit demand as well as dissuasion of banks from participating in binge credit growth during the buildup phase itself. The authors have calculated the credit-to-GDP gap (which has been accepted as the main Indicator) for India using the available data and conclude that the buffer guide has historically worked as a reliable EWI in the Indian context. The authors have also concluded that while CCCB is an instrument to protect banks from the bust phase of the financial cycle, it is not an instrument to manage the financial cycle, even if it may potentially have a smoothing impact. An important implication of implementing CCCB using the credit-to-GDP gap as the main indicator for banks and EMEs is that it may hinder beneficial financial deepening, if it is used to actively manage the financial cycle. The authors recommend including the attribution of the Credit-to-GDP GAP w.r.t., the changes attributable to GDP growth, as well as attributable to changes in credit growth in the decision making process to activate CCCB.
Sustainable Gig Economy Finance Towards GDP Growth of India Through “Aatmanirbhar Bharat”
Authors: Mahapatra Durga Madhab , Ranjan Shiv , Baral Sukanta Kumar
Published: September 2022

In recent years, India has become the world's fastest-growing major economy. Its development has been fuelled mostly by the services sector, which accounts for over 55% of GDP, as contrasting to the industrial sector, which has remained stable at roughly 16%. To facilitate ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat', the government has brought in the product-linked incentive (PLI) scheme to encourage several sectors to increase their local manufacturing and supply chain base, among other things, to help India become self-reliant for high end products. These efforts will aid in the creation of jobs, the alleviation of stressed sectors, the assurance of liquidity, the boost of manufacturing, the energization of the real estate industry, and the assistance of farmers. The chapter aims to evaluate the Balance of Payment of India as structural growth country wise and sector wise growth of FDI in India as well as the ‘Aaatmanirbhar Bharat' status and stimulus packages, which have been announced for sustainable growth of GDP during this pandemic situation.
COVID-19, Stock Market, Exchange Rate, Oil Prices, Unemployment, Inflation, Geopolitical Risk Nexus, the Case of the BRICS Nations
Authors: Ghosh Sudeshna
Published: September 2022

This chapter attempts to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets of the BRICS nations. Such an exercise will have an important bearing on portfolio allocation in the context of the BRICS. The major contribution of the chapter in the extant literature is to examine based on the multifactor model of the capital asset pricing theory, how uncertainty owing to the pandemic interplay with the geopolitical index to impact the stock market of the BRICS. Further, the major macroeconomic factors are used as control variables. The daily observations were used from 31 December 2019 to 30 December 2020. The results based on the quantile regression model demonstrate the asymmetric response of the stock market to the pandemic. The policy implication that follows from this study is the need for strategic intervention of the central bank to ease the liquidity challenges in the crisis period.
The Causes of the Greek Debt Problem
Authors: Atsalakis George S. , Galariotis Emilios , Zopounidis Constantin
Published: September 2022

In Greece, special interest groups were the main drivers of pressure to increase public spending and, by extension, to increase public debt to cover the expenditure by blocking any effort of prudent governance. They were so greedy, that when the funds of public vaults were not sufficient to meet their expectations, they exerted pressures or even extorted the state to engage in public borrowing so as to accrue even greater funds, disregarding the short- and long-term cost of such actions for the state and society. As a result, a vicious circle led to Greek public over-indebtedness in order to support public overspending. It is indicative that the Greek state's primary expenditure rate increased between 2000 and 2009 by 135%. In other words, the citizens were obliged to pay taxes that would support two states: the expenses' level the state had until 2000 and the costs of one more state after 2000-2009.
Public Debt, Cloud Computing Technology, and Leadership Crisis in the 21st Century
Authors: Amu Christian Ugwueze , Nwezeaku Nathaniel Chinedum , Akujuobi Linus Eze , Ozurunba Benedict Anayochukwu , Njie Sharon Nanyongo , Wogu Ikedinachi Ayodele Power , Misra Sanjay
Published: September 2022

Recent literature on the economies of developed and developing nations identify a rise in the records of public debts which most industrialized nations continue to acquire for the purpose of sustaining their economies. Consequently, Nigeria, in 2017, recorded alarming public debts of N19.16trn, representing 10.37% ratio of debt-to-GDP. These figures, scholars infer, explain the disturbing degree of decay inherent in major government infrastructures. Adopting the ‘debt overhanging theory', Marilyn's ex-post facto research design, and Creswell's mix-method research approaches, the authors interrogate arguments posited for or against public debt management with a view to proffering ICT and cloud technology as panacea for curbing the alarming rise in the cases of public debt crisis and the leadership crisis raging in the countries under review. A high degree of political rascality among the ruling elite and the lacking of viable ICT-oriented public debt management tools among African polities were observed. A re-orientation of the ruling class with ICT techniques was recommended.
MHD Slip Flow and Heat Transfer with Ohmic Heating between a Rotating Solid Disk and Stationary Permeable Disk
Authors: Gunakala Sreedhar Rao , Job Victor M. , Alexander Maraika
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the axially-symmetric MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) slip fluid flow and heat transfer between a rotating disk and a stationary permeable disk has been examined. The physical system is comprised of a free-fluid region with an underlying fluid-saturated porous bed with a solid base. The fluid flow within the free-fluid region is modeled using the Navier-Stokes equation, whereas the flow within the porous bed is described using the Brinkman equation. The governing equations of fluid flow and heat transfer, along with the associated boundary conditions, are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. A series expansion technique is then employed in order to obtain analytical approximations for the velocity and temperature distributions. The results produced in this study are presented in graphical form. Unless otherwise stated, the following non-dimensional values are used for the numerical calculations: Hartmann number M=1, Reynolds number R=0.1, Darcy parameter beta=0.05, thermal conductivity ratio lambda=0.5, Eckert number Ec=10, slip parameter N^*=0.05, eta=1, and Prandtl numbers Pr_1=Pr_2=10. The influence of the Darcy parameter, Hartmann number and thermal conductivity ratio on the flow velocity and fluid temperature are investigated.
Parametric Analysis of SiO2 MOSFET Based Absorber for 5G Massive MIMO Base Station
Authors: Omoru Elliot O. , Srivastava Viranjay
Published: September 2022

The performance of the SiO2 MOSFET-based absorber as a solution to arching within transmission lines (used for RF signal transportation) has been realized and analyzed at 28 GHz using the reflected signal from the RX branch of 5G massive MIMO base station. The reflected signal from the receiver (RX) branch of base stations may lead to interference, thus creating a performance reducing condition (arching) within the transmission lines. For optimum performance in the 5G regime, the SiO2 MOSFET has been used to solve the problem of arching within the transmission line under large field intensities of a standing wave resulting from the impedance. The SiO2 MOSFET-based absorber has been observed for a reflectivity of -79.5 dB and a rectification efficiency greater than 17 %
Caring for Rural Patients at End of Life: Perceptions of Critical Access Hospital Nurses
Authors: Beckstrand Renea L. , Lyman Trissa M. , Luthy Karlen E. , Macintosh Janelle L. B.
Published: September 2022

Background

Critical access hospitals were created to bring health care to rural populations. These hospitals lack equipment and resources, but the nurses who work there still provide end-of-life care to critically ill and dying patients.

Objective

To determine how nurses in critical access hospitals perceive the size of obstacles and helpful behaviors for the provision of end-of-life care.

Methods

Questionnaires were sent to a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of nurses working in 39 critical access hospitals. The nurses were asked to score obstacle and helpful behavior items on a scale of from 0 (not an obstacle or not a help, respectively) to 5 (extremely large obstacle or extremely large help, respectively). The items were then ranked from highest to lowest according to their mean scores.

Results

Seven of the top 10 obstacles were directly related to family behaviors and attitudes, such as families not understanding what lifesaving measures entail and internal family disagreements about life support. Helpful behaviors ranked in the top 10 included interventions that were controlled by nurses and items that affected the nurses’ having adequate time to deliver end-of-life care. Obstacles and helpful behavior items unique to critical access hospitals, such as a lack of resources and the nurse knowing the patient or the patient’s family, ranked below the top 10 items.

Conclusion

Obstacles and helpful behaviors for providing end-of-life care remain consistent. Nurses in critical access hospitals are accustomed to working without the typical resources found in urban hospitals and thus did not perceive resource deficits to be among the greatest obstacles to providing end-of-life care. Family behaviors and attitudes remain the most dominant obstacle noted by nurses.
Persistent Knowledge Gaps Regarding Exertional Heat Stroke Treatment
Authors: Pryor Riana R. , Pryor J. Luke , McDermott Brendon P.
Published: September 2022

Individualized patient care is ideal for treating and rehabilitating patients with athletic illnesses and injuries. Exertional heat stroke (EHS) treatment best-practice recommendations state that all patients should undergo identical cold-water immersion (CWI) treatment for ideal outcomes. It is unknown, however, whether CWI can be optimized with individualized treatment plans, encouraging personalized medicine. To accomplish this task, clinicians and researchers need to better understand the factors affecting CWI effectiveness. In this short report, we will provide an update to the American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable on Exertional Heat Stroke, review research regarding EHS treatment, and identify knowledge gaps in EHS treatment.
Real-world Utilization of the 21-gene Assay in Taiwanese Female Patients with Early-stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Huang Yi-Ching , Kuo Yao-Lung , Lee Kuo-Ting , Hsu Hui-Ping , Loh Zhu-Jun , Tsai Jui-Hung , Yang Shuen-Ru , Lee Chun-Hui , Chen Shang-Hung , Chung Wei-Pang
Published: September 2022

Background:

Clinical trials have demonstrated that the 21-gene assay (Oncotype DX) can predict the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer. This study investigated the real-world utilization of this genomic test in Taiwanese patients.

Materials and Methods:

We compiled data on the recurrence score (RS) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients who received the 21-gene assay between August 2016 and August 2021. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Correlations between clinicopathological characteristics and RSs were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.

Results:

Of the 106 recruited patients, 34 and 72 were classified into different risk groups using conventional and Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment (TAILORx)-based cutoff points, respectively. In the conventional stratification group, 61.8%, 29.4%, and 8.8% of the patients were classified into the low-risk (RS: 0–17), intermediate-risk (RS: 18–30), and high-risk (RS: 31–100) categories, respectively. In the TAILORx stratification group, 18.1%, 72.2%, and 9.7% of the patients were classified into the low-risk (RS: 0–10), intermediate-risk (RS: 11–25), and high-risk (RS: 26–100) categories, respectively. In survival analysis, recurrence-free survival did not significantly differ among discrete risk categories. The high-risk category determined using TAILORx-based cutoff points was associated with the presence of >14% Ki-67-positive cells (P = 0.004) and tumor histology Grade III (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Using the Oncotype DX assay, we classified a small proportion of our Taiwanese patients into the high-risk category; no survival difference was observed among the patients in distinct risk categories. These results suggest the clinical utility of the 21-gene assay in Taiwanese patients with early HR+/HER2−breast cancer.
A Case Report of Primary Lower Rectal Spindle Cell Melanoma
Authors: Yong Ching-Shya , Chou Yuh-Yu , Chou Yenn-Hwei , Wu Chin-Chu , You Jie-Yu
Published: September 2022

Spindle cell melanoma (SCM) is a rare morphological subtype of mucosal melanoma, especially located in the lower rectal or anal region. The diagnosis of SCM is challenging because it may share some morphological and immunohistochemical features with desmoplastic melanoma or other malignant tumors. Anorectal melanoma is characterized by aggressive biological behavior, a high incidence of local recurrence and metastasis, and poor outcomes. We herein report a 56-year-old female patient with a challenging diagnosis of primary rectal SCM with a poor prognosis and review the literature.
Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Metastasis of Nasal Cavity Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Hsin-Le , Huang Tun-Sung , Chang Wei-Chin , Chen Yu-Jen , Lin Jiunn-Chang
Published: September 2022

We report the case of a 68-year-old male with mechanical small bowel obstruction complicated by metastasis of nasal cavity basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC). The initial presentation included intermittent abdominal cramping pain and postprandial vomiting. We performed diagnostic laparoscopy under the impression of small bowel obstruction and noticed a tumor located at the terminal ileum. Tumor excision and end-to-end intestinal anastomosis were performed, and pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic BCAC. A literature review revealed that small bowel metastatic tumors are rarely caused by BCAC, and that distant metastases of BCAC are also rare. Being aware of this rare disease may lead to an earlier correct diagnosis of small bowel obstruction due to a metastatic tumor.
Ophthalmological practices in COVID pandemic during first and second wave
Authors: Singh Vivek , Anand Abhishek , Kumar Vidya Bhushan , Eqbal Shadma , Raj Pragati
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

TO study the impact of covid 19 in a tertiary eye care hospital.

Study type:

single centre retrospective observational study.

Method:

Novel corona virus “COVID-19” is now an established global Pandemic. Index case of Novel Corona virus “COVID-19” virus was first reported from Wuhan, People's Republic of China on 31 December 2019. Bihar with a population of 120 million is one of the most densely populated and least developed states in India. With 1 doctor/29,000 persons and1 hospital bed/8,645 people, it was expected to be one of the worst hit state in COVID-19 pandemic. All patient visiting an ophthalmologist were seen with full precaution and with a practical Standard Operating Protocol (SOP), advised by World Health Organization (WHO), Centre for disease control (CDC), MOHFW, American Academy Of Ophthalmology(AAO) and All India Ophthalmological Society(AIOS). Patient visiting and treatment protocol followed in a tertiary care hospital were analysed.

Results:

3617(2432 males, 1185 females) new patients and 3145(2149 males, 996 females) old/follow up patients visited RIO OPD from lockdown (25 march 2020) till unlock 4(30 September, 2020) which is about 85.41% decrement in comparison to last year in same period 21747(13335 males, 8412 females) new patients and 24610(15508 males, 9102 females).

Conclusion:

Proper use of n95 masks, gloves, caps, face shield, PPE kit while examining patients and operating them were few important precautions. Regular use of sanitizer, hand washing, minimizing patient doctor contact time, minimal hospital stays, use of artificial intelligence are few other ways practiced to prevent exposure to COVID 19. This pandemic has taught us a lot about people unity cooperation, what is important in life, ophthalmologically tele-ophthalmology will play a big role in future an evident in this pandemic.
A novel black bone magnetic resonance imaging − An alternative to ionizing radiation in oral and maxillofacial imaging
Authors: Govil Prarthana , Tayal Abhishek
Published: September 2022

Over the decades, potential harmful effects of ionizing radiation continue to be a serious discussion among the researchers. Especially in the field of oral and maxillofacial imaging, the technique to reduce radiation doze to the humans has witnessed substantial advancement. The development of “BLACK BONE magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)” signifies dawn of new era in the head-and-neck imaging of the cortical bone, where this can be used as a replacement for computed tomography which is one of ionizing imaging modality used globally. Black bone MRI is a low flip angle MRI sequence which provides a high image contrast between bone and other tissues but reduces the contrast between the individual soft tissues thus enhancing bone soft-tissue boundary. This MRI sequence will eradicate radiation burden to the patient mainly pediatrics diagnosis and adult screening of benign and malignant lesions affecting the craniofacial region. This article explores this breadth of scientific discovery and its development.
Mucormycosis
Authors: Govil Prarthana , Singh Priya , Rai Puja , Tayal Abhishek
Published: September 2022

We report a case of post-COVID-19 mucormycosis infection caused by Rhizopus oryzae. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated according to the existing protocols. Following recovery, the patient developed swelling and pain in the right upper region of the face. A diagnosis of mucormycosis was established after cone-beam computed tomography findings. The patient was referred to a government hospital where she was treated according to the COVID protocol. Generally, mucormycosis develops in patients who are immunocompromised or suffering from debilitating disease which was COVID infection and uncontrolled diabetes in this case. The mold usually gains entry through the respiratory tract involving the nose and sinuses, which can further progress to intracranial structures. Early diagnosis and intervention are the keys to good prognosis and decreasing morbidity. Judicious use of drugs is required in COVID-19 patients, especially in immunocompromised patients as research is still in progress. Opportunistic fungal coinfections are one of the complications which are needed to be taken care of. Prophylactic treatment protocols need to be established, along with rational use of corticosteroids.
Ten Years' Follow-up for Cemented Hip Arthroplasty in Patients <60 Years of Age with Standardization of Cementing Technique
Authors: Sajid Imran , Jameel Javed , Singh Sukhvinder , Singh Surya Pratap , Varshney Ankit , Ahmad Sabeel
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the preferred treatment for persistent disability due to hip pathologies and restoration of normal functions. Although there is a general consensus of using un-cemented implants for adults and elderly with good bone quality and cemented for senior citizen population, implant choice for middle aged group of 40 years to 60 years is still a subject of debate, especially in financial constrained situations. In our study, we have determined the implant survivorship and functional outcomes of cemented THA in patients between 40 and 60 years of age, at the minimum follow-up of 10 years with emphasis on standardization of cementing technique.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study including 25 patients who had undergone cemented hip arthroplasty. Data were collected from five different surgical centres, whose orthopedic surgeons had common surgical training and were following a common cementing technique.

Results:

Mean Harris Hip Score of 25 hips at final follow-up was 90 and Visual Analog Scale 1.88. The functional outcome was good to excellent at final follow-up in 89% hips. There was a significant improvement in pain and activity level after surgery (P < 0.001) and maintained at the final follow-up.

Conclusion:

Our series provides evidence for utility of cemented hip implants in low functional demand patients along with emphasizing the importance of a good cementing technique for the long-term survival of cemented hip arthroplasty in the age group of 40–60 years.
Posteromedial Tibial Plateau Fractures – Functional Outcome of Posteromedial Buttress Plating with Precontoured Locking Plate Using Modified Lobenhoffer Approach
Authors: Unnikrishnan J. , Chandan Kumar , Bindulal V. A.
Published: September 2022

Posterior tibial plateau fractures have a complex intra-articular fracture pattern, representing approximately 1.2% of all fractures. The occurrence of the posteromedial shear fragment is relatively common in high-energy tibial plateau fractures.

Aims and Objectives:

To study the role of posteromedial plating in the management of complex tibial plateau fractures with a posteromedial fragment.

Materials and Methods:

Only patients with posteromedial fracture patterns alone are taken into account. Twenty cases above 20 years of age, from the patient, admitted to Government Medical College, Thrissur, with posteromedial fragment in tibial plateau fractures that were operated were undertaken for the study. The patients were followed up for 2 years.

Results:

Of the 20 patients with posteromedial tibial plateau fractures from X-ray and computed tomography scan of the knee joint, all patients were treated with precontoured posteromedial buttress plating using single anatomical locking plate. We analyzed patients with Rasmussen scoring postoperatively. In our analysis, among 20 patients, the functional score was excellent in 14, good in 5, fair in 1, and poor in none. There was one patient with compartment syndrome who had developed a mild surgical site infection that later resolved. No excessive collapse is seen postoperatively since locked plate is used. Four patients had transient paraesthesia of the saphenous nerve; both resolved completely.
Prescribing pattern for acute diarrhea in children
Authors: Patra Vikram S. , Gavhane Jeetendra B. , Amonkar Priyanka S.
Published: September 2022

Context:

Irrational use of medications for acute diarrhea in children is rampant. We conducted this survey to analyze prescription practices among pediatricians for acute diarrhea and their deviation from standard treatment guidelines.

Subjects and Methods:

A self-administered online questionnaire regarding prescription practices was circulated among pediatricians in Maharashtra, India, through various academic groups on WhatsApp, during the World Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS) Week, 2021. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of 15 compulsory close-ended multiple-choice questions.

Results:

Two hundred and eighty-seven pediatricians participated. Among which, 88.9% of the participants said that they prescribed ORS in acute diarrhea, 26.8% preferred zinc supplementation only in the case of watery diarrhea, 62% used probiotics or probiotics plus zinc combinations, and 60% said that they prescribe antisecretory drugs such as racecadotril. Forty percentage of the participants admitted that they occasionally use antibiotics for the management of acute diarrhea, while 5% said that they frequently do so. Most pediatricians advise appropriate ORS substitutes. Large number of pediatricians perceived probiotics (51.2%), dietary restriction (15.7%), racecadotril (10.5%), and antibiotics (6.3%) to be an important part in managing acute diarrhea. Only 25.4% of the pediatricians answered correctly and said parental counseling along with zinc and ORS work best as treatment.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates low adherence by pediatricians to standard treatment guidelines for the management of acute diarrhea. Misuse of antibiotics and unscientific use of drugs were evidenced from this study. Awareness regarding the advantages of ORS among pediatricians is high. At present, there is a need to focus on appropriate feeding practices, emphasizing on the role of zinc and discouraging use of antibiotics, probiotics, antisecretory drugs, and irrational combinations.
SİYASİ PARTİ YANDAŞLARININ YAKIN OLDUKLARI PARTİYLE İLİŞKİ DÜZEYİ İLE LİDERLİK BEKLENTİLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: ÖZGÜL Bülent
Published: September 2022

Bireylerin siyasal tutumları ve tercihleri konusunda soyut görünen ideoloji, program gibi unsurların karşısında, somut görünen lider, aday, imaj gibi unsurların daha fazla ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu da, yandaşlarda ideoloji gibi faktörlerin gücünün azalmasıyla örgütsel adanmışlık düzeyinin düşüş göstermesine neden olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, örgütsel adanmışlık düzeyini yükseltmek, yani yandaşların bağlılığını sağlamak için liderlik ve liderin özellikleri daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Siyasi partiler için yandaşların bağlılıklarını arttırmak ile liderlik beklentilerini doğru tespit etmek arasında doğrusal bir ilişki olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu nedenle, yandaşların liderlik beklentilerini ve bu beklentileri etkileyen faktörleri tespit etmek siyasi partilerin başarıları için oldukça önemli hale gelmektedir. Siyasi parti yandaşlarının, liderlik beklentilerini etkileyen faktörlerden biri de, yakın oldukları partiyle ilişki düzeyi olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmada, Maurice Duverger’in yaptığı dörtlü ayrımda yandaşlık; seçmenlik, taraftarlık, parti üyeliği ve militanlık düzeyiyle ele alınmış, bu yakınlık düzeylerinin liderlik beklentilerine olan etkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda, yandaşların yakın oldukları partiyle ilişki düzeyi ile liderlik beklentileri arasında bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Design Prototype of Simple Jarimatic Visualization Application Model, Attracting, Motivating Early Children to Learn and Grow
Authors: Ekowati Maria Atik Sunarti
Published: September 2022

The main purpose of this work is to develop a model or product design into a final product that can meet user demands. The methodology of this study is the product development by making designs, samples, or models with the aim of testing the concept or work process of the product. In the product development process, users can take part in the product development process by evaluating and providing feedback. Therefore, we create a prototype design for a simple, attractive, and attractive Jarimatika visualization application model that motivates early childhood to learn and grow, which results in a product development of the Jarimatika Visualization Software.
he Effect of Cooling Media on the Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel after Heat Treatment
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, Lebea L , Pita M
Published: September 2022

When creating structural molds and automobile parts, mild steel is employed in a number of technical applications. However, the material experiences corrosion when it is exposed to the environment and this leads to large economic impacts for applications using the metal. This research work discusses the effect of cooling media (water, air and oil) on the corrosion assessment of mild steel after heat treatment. The temperature for the polarization experiments was 260C, and the immersion periods ranged from one day (24 hours) to twelve days (288 hours). It was discovered that when the open circuit potential (OCP) measurement was carried out in the mild steel samples before heat treatment, the value initially changed to 0.0192 V, this then moved towards the negative to a value of -0.3716 V. The results show that in samples heat treated at 5000C, the efficiency is lower than when the temperature is increased to 9000C, where an improvement in efficiency is observed.
Aplicación de métodos estadísticos y software profesionales en la investigación de las ciencias contables y financieras.
Authors: Rodríguez Sosa Sandy , Ramírez Pérez Yudelquis , Castañeda Turró Ramiro Luis
Published: September 2022

El trabajo tiene el fin de realizar la fundamentación de los métodos estadísticos y los softwares profesionales que se emplearán en la tesis doctoral relacionada con los Sistemas Contables Integrados a la Dirección Estratégica. Con este propósito se realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre el empleo en la investigación de los métodos estadísticos y software profesionales en los estudios sobre Contabilidad de Dirección Estratégica, que marca las pautas de una información vital para el proceso de toma de decisiones encaminadas a garantizar el futuro de cualquier organización en un mundo más competitivo. Se fundamenta el empleo de herramientas estadísticas y software profesionales con énfasis en el SPSS, con mayor aplicabilidad en las ciencias sociales, que permitió llegar a conclusiones.
Las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (NIC 11) y sus protocolos para contratos en empresas del Cantón Santo Domingo. Un análisis de factibilidad.
Authors: Pozo Hernández Fanny Maricela , Aldaz Bombón Oscar Rodrigo , Almeida Blacio Jorge Hernán
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar si la forma de contabilizar el costo de los contratos de construcción es según la NIC 11 en las empresas constructoras del cantón Santo Domingo. El diseño de la investigación es no experimental transversal, y el método de conocimiento fue de análisis documental y de campo; concluyéndose en términos generales, que la imputación de los ingresos y gastos vinculados con el contrato de construcción debe realizarse entre los ejercicios económicos en los que se ejecuta, reconociendo los gastos y los ingresos vinculados al contrato.
Una visión criminológica de la percepción de seguridad en “Barrio antiguo”, centro de Monterrey, Nuevo León.
Authors: Arriaga Avalos Leonardo David , Quintero Ávila Octavio , Montaño Borboa Ismael de Jesús
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene el propósito de realizar un estudio de la percepción de seguridad y el uso de algunas herramientas que los criminólogos pueden utilizar, para identificar las repercusiones del delito, en especial aplicando algunas técnicas de visualización de información como lo son los mapas temáticos, técnica que ayuda a identificar y georreferenciar los problemas estructurales de un espacio geográfico por medio de las marchas exploratorias de seguridad; además del uso de las encuestas de percepción y victimización que proporciona información valiosa de los delitos no denunciados. La criminología puede hacer uso de distintas disciplinas y herramientas (antes mencionadas) que le permiten hacer una interpretación de las causas y efectos del delito.
Construcción de un modelo de enseñanza de los derechos humanos para su aplicación en las Instituciones de Educación Superior, congruente con la Ley General de Educación Superior en México.
Authors: Garza Guerra María Taide , Sosa del Ángel Carlos Omar
Published: September 2022

Los derechos humanos sustentan las áreas del conocimiento que se imparten en los modelos educativos en las instituciones de educación superior. Se presenta una reflexión sobre la importancia de adecuar un modelo de enseñanza de los derechos humanos congruente a la nueva Ley General de Educación Superior, a través del diseño de un programa educativo en materia de derechos humanos, para todas las áreas del conocimiento a fin de generar nuevo conocimiento de ciencias sociales y humanistas en esta Institución de Educación Superior, conforme a la nueva agenda de desarrollo sostenible, contribuyendo así a la formación de profesionistas y ciudadanos con un alto sentido de responsabilidad social.
Ovsynch based protocols in reproductive management and infertility treatment in dairy cows - when and why?
Authors: Meglić Patrik , Vince Silvijo , Gereš Darko , Butković Ivan , Grizelj Juraj , Folnožić Ivan , Šavorić Juraj , Karadjole Tugomir , Maćešić Nino , Prvanović Babić Nikica , Lojkić Martina , Samardžija Marko , Štibrić Goran , Špoljarić Branimira
Published: September 2022

In order to optimise reproductive performance and thus production, it is now impossible to control the reproduction of dairy cows without the use of hormones. Due to the characteristics of dairy cows, the use of hormones not only reduces the need for visual heat detection and thus the number of undetected cows in heat, but also prevents certain problems associated with intensive production and its negative effects on reproduction. Ovsynch, as a planned combination of GnRH and PGF2α that allows artificial insemination at the optimal time without the need to control ovaries and uterus, once offered solutions to these problems, but over time its shortcomings were recognised. Therefore, pre-synchronisation protocols have been developed to create optimal conditions for Ovsynch and allow for the best outcome. In addition to pre-synchronisation, Ovsynch and its modifications can also be used in the resynchronisation of inseminated and sonographically diagnosed non-pregnant cows as soon as possible, improving farm efficiency. The addition of progesterone implants also further improves the performance of Ovsynch-based protocols. In addition to controlling reproduction, Ovsynch and its modifications have also proven successful in treating certain forms of infertility in dairy cows, such as anovulatory conditions and cystic ovarian disease. This paper presents the possibilities of using the Ovsynch protocol and its various modifications, and their advantages and disadvantages.
Low Carbon Emission Shrimp Farming Development Model
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad , Rofiq Rokhmad M , Rahman Andi , Rizna Ayu Wardhana  , Nazar Fitrina
Published: September 2022

Shrimp is a vastly strategic aquaculture commodity in Indonesia, most of which is produced for the export market; hence, competitiveness is the main key in the industry. With the increasing productivity of a shrimp farming area, the regulation for establishing a shrimp culture area needs to be strictly managed, including reducing carbon emissions. The management of aquaculture areas needs to pay attention to the principle of sustainability and consider carbon dynamics. This paper contains a descriptive analysis of the literature related to the substance of the study. The carbon dynamics in aquaculture areas consist of potential sources of carbon emitted and potential sinks or carbon that can be absorbed and stored. By structuring the shrimp pond area, aquaculture engineering, the application of good aquaculture practices and use of alternative energy sources, during the shrimp farming process in ponds, the carbon emission can be minimized, and the carbon sink can be increased. Our recommendation suggests that analysis of land suitability, environmental carrying capacity and carbon dynamics in each shrimp pond area are exceptionally required to be conducted to assess land suitability as a low carbon emission shrimp farming area. Furthermore, to increase farmers' understanding and awareness of the sustainability of the practices, pilot areas for low-emission shrimp ponds need to be developed.
Does the Pandemic Affect Unemployment Rate in East Java? (A Study of Pre and Post COVID-19 Pandemic in 2016 to 2021)
Authors: Romadhona Mochamad Kevin
Published: September 2022

This paper aimed to identify the problems caused by labor policy in the 2016 – 2020 period in the province of East Java. This study can be a response to the employment problems being experienced by the people of East Java before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Thus, it is necessary to conduct further studies to provide relevant recommendations regarding appropriate labor policies. The method used in this research was the descriptive method and analytical techniques using the unemployment rate, fully employed, and underemployed formulas. The results showed that the unemployment rate in East Java in the 2019-2020 period increased significantly by 1.92%. Meanwhile, the population working full-time decreased by 3.81%, whereas the population working part-time grew by 1.9%2. This can be due to the unavailability of sufficient employment opportunities for the working-age population in East Java as well as the government policies such as large-scale social restrictions, work from home, and termination of employment relationships by many companies.
Diyabetik Yaralara Elektriksel Stimülasyon Uygulamaları
Authors: AKILLI Batuhan , KOLUMAN Ahmet , ABBAN METE Gülçin
Published: September 2022

Küresel sağlık sorunları arasında diyabet artan bir eğilim göstermektedir. Diyabet vakalarında artışa bağlı olarak, diyabet yaralarının oluşma sıklığının da arttığı gözlemlenmektedir. Diyabet yaraları tedavi süresi uzun, riskli, hasta ve hasta yakınlarının psikolojik olarak da etkilendiği yara çeşididir. Diyabet yaralarının tedavi süresinin kısaltılması hastanın yaşam standartlarına kavuşmasında hızlanmaya olanak tanımaktadır. Diyabetik yara tedavi süresini kısaltmak için elektriksel stimülasyon yöntemi uygulanabileceği ve olumlu sonuçlar verdiği bildirilmiştir. Teletıp konsepti içerisinde ve evde sağlık hizmetleri kapsamında, yöntemin kullanılması ve hastanın sağlık kuruluşuna gitmeden evde tedavi alması öngörülebilir. Bu kapsamda, sadece bölgenin temiz tutulmasına ek olarak uygulanacak bir elektriksel stimülasyon kan dolaşımı üzerine olumlu etkisi ve hücrelerin uyarılmasıyla yaranın kapanmasında ek bir fayda sağlayabilecektir.
Modeling of Leachate Generation from Landfill Sites
Authors: Choden Yeshi , Pelzang Kinley , Basnet Abeshik Dev Raj , Dahal Krishna Bdr
Published: September 2022

With rapid urbanization and industrialization, Bhutan is developing at a fast pace due to which solid waste generation is increasing day by day and hence its management has become a great issue. One of the management issues that are faced in the management of landfills is the generation of toxic soup from landfills known as leachate which is one of the causes of water and soil pollution. The landfills in Bhutan lack a proper leachate management system and those that have leachate collection tanks are very uneconomical due to unreliable methods being used to determine the leachate generated amount. Leachate generation from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills by various methods such as Standard, Rational, and Mass balance methods was determined, analyzed the results and ultimately developed a reliable method for determining the amount of leachate generated by a landfill known as “Fusion method”. The quantified leachate volume from the study area was 4565.98 m3 with the annual precipitation amount being 15156.09 m3 with the developed (fusion) method. Validation of the model was performed on data from Deir Al Balah landfill, Gaza strip, Palestine. The validated amount of leachate generation is about 123,833.08 m3 by the fusion method, while the actual amount of leachate generated was about 114,351 m3 from which the percentage difference between the fusion method and the actual amount of leachate generated was found to be only 8.29%, compared to other methods with % error ranged from 10-55 %.
Traditional Cuisine of the Nekrasov Cossacks
Authors: Vlaskina Tatyana Yu.
Published: September 2022

The article is a comparative historical cross-cultural study of the traditional cuisine of the Nekrasov Cossacks – a group of Russian Old Believers known for their rich migration experience. Since the basis of the food system is fish, Nekrasovite’s cuisine has many fish dishes, and at the same time the high status of cereal dishes remains. In the recipe and methods of preparation, the preservation of old Russian traditions is noticeable. In supplements to the main ration, one can see the influence of South European and Turkic cultures.

The purpose of this study is to identify the marking qualities of culinary traditions in the field of the historical dynamics of the cultural identity of the Nekrasov community.

The study shows that in the field of culinary traditions, numerous evidences of the historical path of this unique ethnosocial group have been accumulated. Despite the relative preservation of the ritual sphere, in the everyday and festive cooking of the Nekrasov Cossacks, multiple borrowings from the Danube and Mediterranean cuisine associated with complex processes of discrete inculturation have been revealed. New borrowings in the central zone of culture are explained by the fact that, with multiple migrations, it becomes more and more difficult for migrants to differentiate “their own” and “foreign” in such minute details as required by tradition, since in addition to the main cultural and genetic metropolis, a certain set of places of origin is formed in their minds.
Caspian Elite Consensus: a Pact of Integration in a Globalizing World
Authors: Markelov Konstantin A. , Karabushenko Pavel L. , Usmanov Rafik Kh. , Velikaia Sabina A.
Published: September 2022

Contemporary activities in the geopolitical space including the countries of the Caspian Sea Basin and its adjacent regions give relevance to the problem under study. Globalism has an impact on the development of regional processes, making adjustments in their course. This article aims to analyze the consensus achieved by the political leaders of the Caspian states regarding their integration. The leading approach in the research explores the position of modern Russian elitology, taking professional elites to be a synergetic system striving for the acmeological pinnacle of their (elites’) competence. This approach helps to find out the adequacy of their professional activities, the objectivity of their assessments of reality, and the impact of their political decisions. Comparative analysis has made it possible to identify the points of convergence, while the use of political conflictology techniques has made it possible to identify and curb the emergence of threats in a timely manner. The combination of such methods and approaches enhances the objectivity of conclusions and assessments of the Caspian leaders’ actions.

The paper analyses the activities of regional political elites who created a political and legal platform for a new stage of constructive development of dialogue between cultures and socio-economic cooperation. It is noted that this process had a complex gradual nature of harmonizing different positions, compromises and smoothing over the contradictions of national interests. In this process, the Caspian countries have demonstrated genuine tolerance, political correctness and democracy in addressing the complex geopolitical challenges and reaffirmed their desire to resolve existing problems in a peaceful manner. The materials of this paper may prove useful for the development of further integration strategies, as well as for the expert support of the critical decisions on security issues and the formation of independent regional financial, political and cultural systems.
Triplex: an Efficient and One-Pass Leakage-Resistant Mode of Operation
Authors: Shen Yaobin , Peters Thomas , Standaert François-Xavier , Cassiers Gaëtan , Verhamme Corentin
Published: September 2022

This paper introduces and analyzes Triplex, a leakage-resistant mode of operation based on Tweakable Block Ciphers (TBCs) with 2n-bit tweaks. Triplex enjoys beyond-birthday ciphertext integrity in the presence of encryption and decryption leakage in a liberal model where all intermediate computations are leaked in full and only two TBC calls operating a long-term secret are protected with implementationlevel countermeasures. It provides beyond-birthday confidentiality guarantees without leakage, and standard confidentiality guarantees with leakage for a single-pass mode embedding a re-keying process for the bulk of its computations (i.e., birthday confidentiality with encryption leakage under a bounded leakage assumption). Triplex improves leakage-resistant modes of operation relying on TBCs with n-bit tweaks when instantiated with large-tweak TBCs like Deoxys-TBC (a CAESAR competition laureate) or Skinny (used by the Romulus finalist of the NIST lightweight crypto competition). Its security guarantees are maintained in the multi-user setting.
Single-Trace Side-Channel Attacks on the Toom-Cook: The Case Study of Saber
Authors: Li Yanbin , Zhu Jiajie , Huang Yuxin , Liu Zhe , Tang Ming
Published: September 2022

The Toom-Cook method is a well-known strategy for building algorithms to multiply polynomials efficiently. Along with NTT-based polynomial multiplication, Toom-Cook-based or Karatsuba-based polynomial multiplication algorithms still have regained attention since the start of the NIST’s post-quantum standardization procedure. Compared to the comprehensive analysis done for NTT, the leakage characteristics of Toom-Cook have not been discussed. We analyze the vulnerabilities of Toom-Cook in the reference implementation of Saber, a third round finalist of NIST’s post-quantum standardization process. In this work, we present the first single-trace attack based on the soft-analytical side-channel attack (SASCA) targeting the Toom-Cook. The deep learning-based power analysis is combined with SASCA to decrease the number of templates since there are a large number of similar operations in the Toom-Cook. Moreover, we describe the optimized factor graph and improved belief propagation to make the attack more practical. The feasibility of the attack is verified by evaluation experiments. We also discuss the possible countermeasures to prevent the attack.
SoK: Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the [Discretized] Torus
Authors: Joye Marc
Published: September 2022

First posed as a challenge in 1978 by Rivest et al., fully homomorphic encryption—the ability to evaluate any function over encrypted data—was only solved in 2009 in a breakthrough result by Gentry (Commun. ACM, 2010). After a decade of intense research, practical solutions have emerged and are being pushed for standardization.This paper explains the inner-workings of TFHE, a torus-based fully homomorphic encryption scheme. More exactly, it describes its implementation on a discretized version of the torus. It also explains in detail the technique of the programmable bootstrapping. Numerous examples are provided to illustrate the various concepts and definitions.