bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic degradation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride in marine aquaculture wastewater under visible light irradiation with CuO/ZnO
Authors: Liu Jinghua , Yu Xiaocai , Wang Liping , Guo Meicen , Zhu Wanting , Tian Siyao
Published: November 2019

A CuO/ZnO photocatalyst nanocomposite was successfully prepared by co-precipitation and characterized by investigating its chemical and physical properties by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The average particle size of CuO/ZnO composite was found to be around 80 nm. The degradation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride pollutants in marine aquaculture wastewater using ZnO and CuO/ZnO was compared and it was found that CuO/ZnO nanocomposite is more efficient than ZnO. The effects of external factors on the photocatalytic effectiveness of nanocomposite were investigated under visible light. Also, the photocatalytic conditions for the degradation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride by the nanocomposite were optimized. Based on both ability and efficiency of degradation, and on the cost and availability, 10:2 molar ratio of Zn2+/Cu2+ and 0.7 g/L nanocomposite, was found to be optimal, in which case the average photocatalytic degradation rate of chlortetracycline hydrochloride reached 91.10%.
A NEW EU ENERGY POLICY: TOWARDS LOCAL DEMOCRACY
Authors: Szyrski Mariusz
Published: November 2019

This article is one of the last parts of a scientific project conducted in Poland and entitled “The production and use of energy from renewable sources in the municipality as a sphere of municipal management: legal and administrative analysis,” The purpose of this article is to formulate conclusions, mainly in the legal and social aspects, on the production of energy from renewable sources at the local level. One of the main points I address is the definition of “local energy”.The article analyzes the changes in the law on energy, with particular emphasis on the law on renewable energy sources. Te first part presents a historical approach: the most important EU legislation constituting the foundation for the development of European energy. Next I discuss the basic principles of the Winter Package, a set of documents intended to transform the EU’s energy policy. In the final part of the article I attempt to indicate the latest trends in “local energy,” and to give a definition of this phenomenon.
PRAWO RZYMSKIE TRZEBA ZOBACZYĆ!
Authors: Kuryłowicz Marek , Jońca Maciej
Published: November 2019

PRAWO RZYMSKIE TRZEBA ZOBACZYĆ!
‘ALE I PRAWA POLSKIE NIE Z INNEGO TEŻ źRóDŁA CZERPANE BYŁY’, CZYLI O ZAPOMNIANYM GŁOSIE NA TEMAT ROLI PRAWA RZYMSKIEGO W PRZEDROZBIOROWEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ
Authors: Godek Sławomir
Published: November 2019

Jozafat Zaleski, wykładowca prawa w Akademii Połockiej, w opublikowanej w 1818 r. rozprawie o potrzebie znajomości prawa rzymskiego przez prawników odniósł się do spornego problemu znaczenia tego prawa w dawnej Polsce. Autor wyraził pogląd o silnym wpływie prawa rzymskiego na prawo polskie, a zwłaszcza na Statuty Kazimierza Wielkiego, Statut litewski oraz prawo miejskie.
KILKA UWAG NA TEMAT TEGO, KTO ‘IUS PUBLICANDI HABUIT’
Authors: Kamińska Renata
Published: November 2019

Problematyka dotycząca instytucji wywłaszczenia w prawie rzymskim należy do bardzo skomplikowanych i trudnych do zbadania głównie ze względu na brak tekstów źródłowych. Wydaje się jednak, że w Rzymie republikańskim prawo do wywłaszczania, czyli ius publicandi, należało do cenzorów. Kluczowe znaczenie mogła w tym zakresie mieć związana z tym urzędem auctoritas.
KILKA UWAG O KARZE MUTYLACYJNEJ WYKONANEJ WOBEC RZYMSKIEGO BANKIERA (NA MARGINESIE VITA GALBAE 9)
Authors: Niczyporuk Piotr
Published: November 2019

Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie roli i znaczenia kary mutylacyjnejwykonanej na bankierze (nummularius) na podstawie relacji Swetoniusza.Nummularii byli jednym z wielu podmiotów zajmujących się działalnością bankierską w starożytnym Rzymie. Do podstawowych obowiązków, jakie były im powierzone, należało badanie szlachetności metalu, z którego były wykonane monety, oraz ustalanie wartości wybitych monet złotych i srebrnych. Taką aktywność bankierską wykonywał bohater relacji Swetoniusza z żywotu Galby. Przyszły cesarz rozkazał obciąć ręce bankierowi (nummularius) nieuczciwie zmieniającemu pieniądze. By pokazać jeszcze większą surowość kary, zarządził przybicie obciętych rąk do stołu, na którym ów bankier dokonywał nieuczciwych operacji.
EPIGRAFIKA W WARSZTACIE BADACZA USTROJU RZYMSKIEGO – ‘CASE STUDY’
Authors: Wiewiorowski Jacek
Published: November 2019

Tekst analizuje późnorzymskie chrześcijańskie epitafium w języku greckim, znalezione w rumuńskim mieście Constanţa (starożytne Tomis: SEG 19-463 = IGLR no 47 = SEG 28-625). Upamiętnia ono Markellosa, który był Ὠδυσιτᾶνος βικάρι(ο)ς. Autor streszcza dyskusję poświęconą Markellosowi i urzędowi, który pełnił. Według rumuńskiego badacza Ion Barnea i niektórych innych uczonych Markellos mógł być wikariuszem Odessos (współczesna Warna), który zarządzał dolnodunajskimi prowincjami Mezja Sekunda i Scytia Mniejsza w okresie pomiędzy likwidacją wiakriatu Tracji w końcu V wieku a utworzeniem quaestura Iustiniana exercitus w 536 r. Bułgarscy badacze Velizar Velkov i Veselin Beševliev sformułowali najpopularniejszy dzisiaj pogląd, że Markellos był wikariuszem w strukturach kościelnych, urodzonym w Odessos, który zmarł w Tomis. Odosobnioną hipotezę zaprezentowano w Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire; według niej Markellos mógł być vicarius, zastępcą trybuna wojsk rzymskich z Odessos. Autor dowodzi, że najprawdopodobniej Markellos urodził się w Odessos ale nie można przekonywująco ustalić jakim był rodzajem wikariusza. W konkluzjach podkreśla, że inskrypcja jest przykładem znaczenia i ograniczeń epigrafiki prawniczej, wskazując na potrzebę wykorzystywania metod współczesnej epigrafki w badaniach nad prawem rzymskim.
POCZĄTKI ADROGACJI NIEDOJRZAŁYCH W PRAWIE RZYMSKIM
Authors: Zabłocka Maria
Published: November 2019

Powszechnie przyjmuje się, że adrogatio osoby niedojrzałej została dopuszczona dopiero dzięki prawodawstwu Antoninusa Piusa. Autorka, na podstawie powołanych źródeł, stara się udowodnić, że adrogatio impuberis już od czasów Klaudiusza (a dokładniej od 50 r. po Chrystusie) stała się pod względem prawnym możliwa, choć praktycznie nie znalazła następców ze względu na negatywną ocenę skutków tej adopcji. Kluczowy przekaz Gaiusa (1,102), w którym w niepewnym miejscu można odczytać słowo nam, a nie nunc, stanowi tylko potwierdzenie takiej możliwości.
ZAKAZ PICIA WINA PRZEZ KOBIETY W ANTYCZNYM RZYMIE
Authors: Zabłocki Jan
Published: November 2019

Przyjmuje się, że zakaz picia wina przez kobiety miał charakter obyczajowy czy sakralny, choć nie można wykluczyć, że jego ajtiologia jest mityczna. Naruszenie tego zakazu było surowo karane przez męża, gdy złapał żonę in ﬂagranti. W innych przypadkach kobiety mogły być karane bądź przez męża, ale przy udziale krewnych, prawdopodobnie w ramach iudicium domesticum, bądź po rozwodzie przez sędziego, być może w ramach iudicium de moribus.
THE CENSORIAL MARK IN ANCIENT ROMAN MARITAL MATTERS
Authors: Tarwacka Anna
Published: November 2019

This article is on the administration of the censor’s mark on Roman citizens who contracted inappropriate marriages in republican Rome. An examination of the source texts has led me to conclude that marriages contracted by members of the nobility with freedwomen or women with a bad reputation were considered unacceptable and were liable to a censor’s mark. That is why authors writing on Augustus’ reform of the marriage laws say that the Emperor permitted all the citizens except senators to marry a freedwoman.
MicroRNA-542-3p Regulates P-glycoprotein Expression in Rat Epilepsy via the Toll-like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor-kappaB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yan YuKui , Xia Hongping , Hu Jianqin , Zhang Bing
Published: November 2019

Background:

The function of microRNA-542-3p (miR-542-3p) in rat epilepsy is still
unclear.

Methods:

The levels of miR-542-3p and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were determined through
quantitative real-time PCR. The protein levels were examined via the western blot analysis. The
relationship between miR-542-3p and TLR4 was confirmed through luciferase assay. Pathological
changes were analyzed via Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl staining.

Results:

The rats and hippocampal cells were treated with kainic acid (KA) in vivo and in vitro.
miR-542-3p was low in KA-treated rats, hippocampal cells and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with
epilepsy. Further functional analysis showed that miR-542-3p overexpression inhibited KAinduced
average seizure frequency, damage of hippocampal neuron and cell apoptosis, leading to
the alleviation of the brain injury in epilepsy rats. miR-542-3p was determined to downregulate
TLR4 expression. The relationship between miR-542-3p and TLR4 was confirmed. TLR4 knockdown
reduced KA-induced nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), multidrug resistance 1
(MDR1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and apoptosis-associated protein levels. Further, for NF-κB p65,
MDR1, P-gp and apoptosis-associated protein levels detection, miR-542-3p mimic showed a suppressive
effect on these KA-induced protein levels, whereas TLR4 overexpression ameliorated the
miR-542-3p-induced these protein levels in KA-treated epilepsy rats.

Conclusion:

We identified that miR-542-3p attenuated seizure-induced brain injury and the expression
of P-gp in epilepsy rats through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which might
contribute to improved epilepsy therapy.
African Plants with Antidiabetic Potentials: Beyond Glycaemic Control to Central Nervous System Benefits
Authors: Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Onaolapo Olakunle J.
Published: November 2019

Background:

For centuries, humans have used medicinal plants in the management of both
acute and chronic diseases. Currently, the practice of using medicinal plants to manage diseases is becoming
increasingly-common; especially in medium to low-income economies where the cost of, or
ease of access to orthodox medications are limitations to their effective and sustained use. Diabetes
mellitus is a chronic disease whose prevalence continues to increase worldwide. An aspect of diabetes
mellitus that causes significant morbidity is its neurological complications, which are known to be associated
with an enormous economic burden and reduction in quality of life.

Objectives:

While research continues to demonstrate that a wide range of plants that are indigenous to
Africa have significant antihyperglycaemic properties, scientific information on the neurobehavioural
and/or neuromorphological effects of these plants appear to be lacking. Also, their possible benefits in
the prevention or amelioration of the neurological complications of diabetes mellitus remain generally
unexamined.

Methodology:

In this narrative review, we the examine available scientific literature dealing with the
neurobehavioural and/or neuromorphological profiles of selected African plants with substantiated antihyperglycaemic
properties; aiming to highlight their potential applications in the prevention and management
of the neurological complications of diabetes mellitus.

Results:

This review demonstrates that a number of the African plants with antidiabetic properties also
exhibit central nervous system effects.

Conclusion:

While the neurobehavioural and neuromorphological effects of some of these plants had
been investigated in animal models of DM; their possible roles in the prevention or amelioration of the
neurological complications of DM are yet to be established.
Secondary Metabolite Produced by Diaporthe terebinthifolli LGMF658 – Bioactivity and Chemical Structure Relationship
Authors: Tonial Fabiana , Bertol Charise D. , Sales Maia Beatriz H.L.N. , Figueiredo Josiane A.G. , Guerra Kielli C.F. , Glienke Chirlei
Published: November 2019

Background:

Motivated by the need for bioprospecting new drug studies have revealed a
variety of secondary metabolites with biological activity. In particular, antimicrobial research confronts
the growing reality of resistance of microorganisms to currently available drugs. Modifications in the
chemical structure of secondary metabolites may be important in the development of a product to improve
the efficacy of these compounds. Being cognizant of the fact that modifications in the chemical
structure could enhance the biological activity and improve the compound characteristics for the development
of a product, the present study aimed to verify, if there is the possibility of a significant difference
in the bioactivity of verbanol in relation to verbenol.

Methods:

The biological activity was evaluated by agar diffusion assay and microdilution.

Results:

Verbanol is a bioactive secondary metabolite produced by the endophytic fungus Diaporthe
terebinthifolli LGMF658. This compound has bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and
fungicide against Candida albicans according to the microdilution assay.

Discussion:

In contrast, verbenol, a byproduct of verbanol, did not control the development of the bacterium
and showed fungistatic activity against yeast.

Conclusion:

The results demonstrated that the presence of the double bond, which increased the polarity
of the compound, reduced its bioactivity, corroborating with other studies that report the importance
of lipophilicity for antimicrobial action.
Comparison of Different Uses of Cyclophosphamide in Lupus Nephritis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Yebei , Xu Shizhang , Xu Gaosi
Published: November 2019

Background:

The present study aims to compare the relative efficacy and safety of different uses of cyclophosphamide (CYC) in lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods:

We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE and PubMed for articles from the database till June 2018.

Results:

12 randomized controlled trials with 994 participants were included. The meta-analysis indicated that the short-interval lower-dose intravenous CYC regime remarkably reduced 24-hour proteinuria [mean difference (MD) -0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.62 to -0.27; I2 0%], incidence of major infections [odds ratio (OR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.95; I2 42%], gonadal toxicity (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.62; I2 0%), and leukopenia (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.94, I2 0%), while high-dose regime had an obvious lower probability of doubling of serum creatinine (Scr) level (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.19 to 4.95; I2 0%). However, the difference in the complete and total remission rates between the two regimens was not observed.

Conclusion:

The result suggested that the short-interval lower-dose CYC regime remarkably reduced 24-hour proteinuria and the incidence of adverse events, while the long-course high-dose regime played a significant role in reducing the rate of doubling Scr level.
Bubble Electrospinning with an Auxiliary Electrode and an Auxiliary Air Flow
Authors: Li Xiao-Xia , He Ji-Huan
Published: November 2019

Background:

The patented bubble electrospinning, which is a simple and effective technique
for mass-production of polymer nanofibers, has been studying extensively, but it is still under
development. In the bubble electrospinning, multiple jets move from the positive electrode to the receptor,
a long distance between the two electrodes is needed to guarantee complete solvent evaporation,
as a result a relative high voltage is needed.

Objective:

The aim of the present study is to use an auxiliary electrode and an auxiliary air flow to improve
bubble electrospinning with lower voltage and higher output than those by its traditional one.

Methods:

The modification of the bubble electrospinning with an auxiliary electrode and an auxiliary
airflow is used to fabricate nanofibers. The auxiliary electrode is close to the positive electrode. The
experiment was carried out at room temperature with 8%PVA solution. The result was analyzed with a
S4800 cold field scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi S-4800, Tokyo, Japan).

Results:

The auxiliary electrode can generate a strong induced electric field force. With the action of
airflow, the jets will fly to the receptor instead of the auxiliary electrode.

Conclusion:

Both auxiliary electrode and auxiliary airflow are two important factors affecting the
spinning process. It can reduce the spinning voltage and improve spinning efficiency.
The Protective Effect of Cilostazol in Genotoxicity Induced by Methotrexate in Human Cultured Lymphocytes
Authors: Rababa’h Abeer M. , Hussein Samah A. , Khabour Omar F. , Alzoubi Karem H.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Methotrexate is an antagonist of folic acid that has been shown to be genotoxic
to healthy body cells via induction of oxidative stress. Cilostazol is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor and
a potent antioxidant drug.

Objectives:

To evaluate the potential protective effect of cilostazol on methotrexate genotoxicity.

Results:

Methotrexate significantly increased the frequency of CAs and SCEs (p < 0.0001) as compared
to control cultures. This chromosomal damage induced by methotrexate was considerably decreased by
pretreatment of the cells with cilostazol (P < 0.01). Moreover, the results showed that methotrexate
resulted in a notable reduction (P < 0.01) in cells kinetic parameters, the mitotic index (MI) and the
proliferative index (PI). Similarly, cilostazol significantly reduced the mitotic index, which could be
related to the anti-proliferative effect (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Methotrexate is genotoxic, and cilostazol could prevent the methotrexate-induced chromosomal
damage with no modulation of methotrexate-induced cytotoxicity.
The Promise of Whole-exome Sequencing for Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Kang Jiun
Published: November 2019

Prenatal genetic diagnosis provides information for pregnancy and perinatal decision-
making and management. Cytogenetic testing methods, including chromosomal
microarray analysis and gene panels, have evolved to become a part of routine laboratory
testing, providing valuable diagnostic and prognostic information for prenatal diagnoses.
Despite this progress, however, cytogenetic analyses are limited by their resolution and
diagnosis is only possible in around 40% of the dysmorphic fetuses. The advent of nextgeneration
sequencing (NGS), whole-genome sequencing or whole-exome sequencing has
revolutionized prenatal diagnosis and fetal medicine. These technologies have improved
the identification of genetic disorders in fetuses with structural abnormalities and provide
valuable diagnostic and prognostic information for the detection of genomic defects. Here,
the potential future of prenatal genetic diagnosis, including a move toward NGS technologies,
is discussed.
A Systematic Meta‐Analysis of the Effect of Interprofessional Education on Health Professions Students’ Attitudes
Authors: Wang Zairan , Feng Fenglian , Gao Shang , Yang Jiping
Published: November 2019

Interprofessional education (IPE) is based on collaborative practices that increase the occasions for communication among those in various health professions. However, there is a paucity of literature about the effectiveness of IPE programs in health professions education. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to objectively assess the literature on the effectiveness of IPE in improving health professions students’ attitudes after training. The major scholarly databases were searched for relevant IPE studies involving predoctoral health professions students. Two independent researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the studies. Meta‐analyses of the outcomes were performed using random effects models. Sixteen articles were ultimately selected for detailed review and meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis showed that IPE training had a significant influence on students’ understanding of collaboration and resulted in better attitudes about interprofessional teamwork. Subscale analysis showed that one subscale score (roles and responsibilities) did not statistically significantly improve after IPE training (p=0.06), whereas the other four subscale items showed statistically significant improvements (p<0.01). The test for overall effects showed that IPE training had a significantly positive influence on students’ attitudes about IPE (Z=6.85, p<0.01). Subgroup results showed that medical students had more positive attitudes about IPE than did dental students. Regardless of profession, women students responded with significantly more positive feedback than did men students (p=0.02). These results suggest that intervention through IPE training has had positive effects in health professions education. Gender was an important factor impacting the outcomes of IPE. However, further clinical practice interventions may be helpful to enhance the IPE competence of health professions students.
Perceptions of Dental Hygienists About Thesis Completion in Graduate Education
Authors: Coruth Christina L. , Boyd Linda D. , August Jessica N. , Smith Amy N.
Published: November 2019

Few studies have been published on thesis completion experiences of master's degree students. However, for doctoral students, dissertation completion has been found to be dependent on individual, relational, and institutional factors. The aim of this study was to examine dental hygienists’ perceptions of their experiences completing a thesis as a requirement for an advanced degree. A qualitative phenomenological research design was used utilizing virtual focus groups with a national purposive sample of dental hygienists (n=25) who had graduated from a degree program in which a thesis was a requirement for the degree. Data analysis used an inductive approach to identify themes using Liechty et al.'s framework of individual, relational, and institutional factors impacting completion of a dissertation. Liechty et al.'s framework is based on Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of learning. In the results, individual factors identified included family/work responsibilities, lack of understanding of the thesis process, time management, health issues, and reaching personal and professional goals. Relational factors focused primarily on positive and negative experiences with the thesis advisor/committee and support from expert peers/family. Institutional factors included the thesis structure, financial concerns, and challenges in recruiting research participants. This study found many factors influencing the thesis experience that may help guide the process in graduate degree programs. In addition, the findings suggest a need to provide mentoring and support for thesis advisors and committee members to more effectively guide students through the thesis process. Effective modifications of these may improve retention of students and facilitate timely completion of thesis research.
Impact of Dental Students’ Faculty Group Leader, Intended Postgraduate Training, and Clinic Schedule on Their Clinical Performance: A Retrospective Study at a U.S. Dental School
Authors: Evangelidis‐Sakellson Vicky , Kunzel Carol , Yoon Sunmoo
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dental students’ faculty group leader in clinic, intended postgraduate training, and clinic schedule on their clinical performance. This retrospective study used de‐identified transcript data from the Columbia University College of Dental Medicine Classes of 2013, 2014, and 2015, a total of 238 students. The impact factors analyzed were the assigned faculty member who served as clinical group leader and mentor; area of students’ intended postgraduate training; and variations in timing of students’ summer clinic assignments and vacations. Clinical performance, consistent with the school’s graduation criteria, was measured with summative assessments (completion of competencies); completion of care for patients assigned (case completions); and overall patient encounter rate. The results showed that group leader assignment correlated with significant differences among students in completion of cases (p=0.001), competencies completed (p<0.001), and patient encounter rate (p=0.018). Students who intended to pursue general practice residencies and prosthodontics specialty training completed fewer cases than students pursuing other types of postgraduate training (p<0.001). Students who had full‐time clinic in June and vacation later in the summer of their third‐ to fourth‐year transition completed more cases (p<0.001), completed more competencies (p=0.008), and had more patient visits (p=0.012) than those who had full‐time clinic later in the summer. There were significant correlations among case completions, completion of competencies, and patient encounter rate. Overall, this study found that the students’ intended postgraduate training, clinic schedules, and faculty mentors influenced their progress in clinical training and should be taken into consideration in student evaluation and patient care.
Dental Hygienists’ and Dentists’ Tobacco Cessation Continuing Education Preferences: Application of a Discrete Choice Method
Authors: Chaffee Benjamin W. , Urata Janelle , Silverstein Steven , Couch Elizabeth T.
Published: November 2019

Despite ample opportunity, dental professionals frequently fall short of connecting tobacco‐using patients with effective cessation support, often citing lack of training as a barrier. To inform development of training options, the aim of this study was to quantify the preferences of practicing dental hygienists and dentists in California for continuing dental education (CDE) offerings related to tobacco and patient tobacco cessation. Two statewide surveys of California dental hygienists and dentists were conducted. In addition to providing their own and their practice characteristics, in a discrete choice experiment, participants indicated their preferences between pairs of randomly generated hypothetical tobacco cessation CDE offerings that differed in topic, cost, delivery modality, and duration. Ultimately, 641 dental hygienists (20.5% of the total invited minus those with undeliverable emails, n=3,129) and 654 dentists (8.5% of the total invited minus those with undeliverable emails, n=7,669) responded to at least one of the discrete choice items, and their responses were analyzed. The results showed that each CDE attribute was independently associated with preference. Cost and topic were more strongly associated with preference than were delivery modality and duration. Lower cost, shorter duration courses were generally favored. Alternative tobacco products and patient communication were the most popular topics for participating dental hygienists and dentists, respectively. CDE preferences differed according to participant characteristics: live webinars were the least preferred modality for more experienced dental professionals, and shorter courses were not preferred by dentists in non‐urban locations. These findings showed that these dental professionals considered multiple attributes in selecting CDE courses. To reach the broadest audience, CDE providers should offer low‐cost options across a range of delivery modalities, such as full‐day workshops in rural areas and online webinars for earlier career professionals.
A Tale of Two Teaching Methods: Students' Clinical Perspectives on Administering Dental Local Anesthetics
Authors: Wong Grace , Apthorpe Heather C. , Ruiz Kate , Nanayakkara Shanika
Published: November 2019

Various preclinical methodologies have been adopted by dental and oral health programs to develop student competence in administering dental local anesthetics (LA). Student‐to‐student practice is the most common preclinical training method. However, manikin simulation models have been introduced to avoid possible complications and ethical concerns with student‐to‐student injections. In 2017, the methodology was changed in the Bachelor of Oral Health program at The University of Sydney School of Dentistry in Australia from student‐to‐student practice to manikin simulation models. The aim of this study was to compare the students’ learning experience, perceived confidence, and anxiety in giving their first injections to patients in these two preclinical training methods. A mixed‐methods cohort design was used to compare the 2016 (n = 42) and 2017 (n = 32) oral health students’ experiences and perceptions and evaluate students’ clinical experience after commencing LA practice on patients. Students completed a questionnaire about their perceived level of confidence and anxiety before and after their first LA to a child and an adult for both infiltration and inferior alveolar nerve b lock (IANB) injections. Focus groups were conducted to further investigate the students’ experience. The results showed that the perceived confidence and anxiety of the two cohorts did not differ significantly from each other. Although students found it difficult to transition into clinical practice without having experienced LA themselves, the manikin simulation practice provided a safe learning platform that avoided ethical and legal concerns. These findings support the use of manikin simulation models as an alte rnative method for dental local anesthetic preclinical training.
Landlords’ Perception on the Introduction of the Residential Tenancy Act (RTA)
Authors: Azmi Nurul Ardila , Mohamed Osman Mariana , Shuid Syafiee
Published: November 2019

Deficiency of firm regulations administering the tenancy process has resulted in recurred disputes over a long span of years. This study analyzed the landlord's perception on the introduction of the Residential Tenancy Act (RTA) by examining landlords' acceptance or refusal. This study applied the descriptive analysis method on 50 questionnaire surveys distributed to landlords in Gombak district. Results showed that 70% of the respondents agreed on the introduction of RTA, while deposit payment is the most preferred principal concept to be consolidated in RTA. These results have recommended strategies to boost the landlord's acceptance of RTA.Keywords: Rental Housing; Landlord; Tenant; Residential Tenancy ActeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1823
Identifying Risky Space in Neighbourhood: an Analysis of The Criminogenic Spatio-temporal and Visibility on Layout Design
Authors: Othman Fazzami , Mohd Yusoff Zaharah , Salleh Siti Aekbal
Published: November 2019

The distribution of crime is not uniform across either time or space and believed influenced by environmental design. This study examines the layout and identifies the risky space in a residential area of Kuala Lumpur. Four space syntax parameters and three years of burglary data analysed across two neighbourhoods. The correlation between the burglary rate and the parameter value carried out to identify the relationship. Results show a significant relationship between visibility parameter and burglary rate while there were similarities temporal patterns for both study areas. Results help planners and authorities to prevent crime through environmental design.Keywords: residential burglary; space syntax; natural surveillance; crime pattern  eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1908
Benefits and Returns of Adopt-A-Park Programme in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Abdullah Jamalunlaili , Ahmad Raziah , Zainal Muhammad Hafiz
Published: November 2019

A collaborative partnership between local authorities and corporate agencies in maintaining and managing urban public parks through the Adopt-A-Park Programme has become a standard approach throughout the United States and Europe. In the Malaysian context, this programme came into the limelight of the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) practices via the Greener Kuala Lumpur initiatives. Between 2012 and 2018, fifteen corporate agencies have shown their proactive involvement through corporate social responsibility (CSR) to beautify and maintain the urban green spaces in Kuala Lumpur via the park adoption programme which helped Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur / KL City Hall (DBKL) to manage its public parks effectively despite the limited budget. This paper aims to examine the benefits and returns of the Adopt-A-Park Programme at the Laman @ Eco Sky and the Metropolis Park to DBKL, park users and park adopters. Park users' satisfaction and allocations spent by the corporate adopters are analysed descriptively. Results show that while DBKL saved about RM24 million of the maintenance cost, 94% of the adopted park users are satisfied with the quality of the park. This programme should include more parks, especially in low-income communities.Keywords: Adopt-A-Park Programme, Adoption, Urban Park, Benefits and ReturnseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1930
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity and Reliability of Malay Version Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire
Authors: Abdullah Anwar , Che Daud Ahmad Zamir , Dahlan Akehsan , Muhammad Nawawi Rashdeen Fazwi
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Malay version Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (M-BCTQ). A cross-sectional study was used to generate the final version of M-BCTQ that was administered to 55 patients for psychometric testing. M-BCTQ had excellent test-retest reliability with ICCs value 0.837 for Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and 0.913 for Functional Status Scale (FSS). The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the internal consistencies was reported at 0.864 for SSS and 0.893 for the FSS. A strong correlation was found with the Malay version of Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (MV-DASH) as Spearman correlation for construct validity was 0.791 for SSS and 0.831 for FSS.Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire; Reliability; ValidityeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1936
The Impact of Receiving Pretravel Health Advice on the Prevention of Hajj-Related Illnesses Among Australian Pilgrims: Cohort Study
Authors: Alqahtani Amani S , Alsharif Saeed A , Garnan Mohammad A , Tashani Mohamed , BinDhim Nasser F , Heywood Anita E , Booy Robert , Wiley Kerrie E , Rashid Harunor ,   Hajj Research Group
Published: November 2019

Background

Pretravel health advice can play a crucial role in improving both travelers’ awareness about disease risk and compliance with preventive measures. General practitioners (GPs) and the internet have been reported internationally to be the main sources of health advice for travelers to non–mass gathering (MG) destinations. However, few studies have attempted to investigate the sources of health advice among travelers to MGs including the Hajj pilgrimage, and none of these studies further investigated the impact of pretravel advice on pilgrims’ health behaviors.

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the source of pretravel health advice (from GPs and specialized Hajj travel agents) on Hajj pilgrims’ awareness of and compliance with health recommendations, and the incidence of Hajj-associated illnesses.

Methods

A prospective cohort study (before and during Hajj) was conducted among Australian pilgrims aged ≥18 years in 2015.

Results

A total of 421 pilgrims participated prior to Hajj, and 391 (93%) provided follow-up data during Hajj. All participants obtained pretravel health advice from one or more sources, with Hajj travel agents (46%) and general practitioners (GPs; 40%) the most commonly reported sources. In total, 288 (74%) participants reported Hajj-related symptoms, of which 86% (248/288) were respiratory symptoms. Participants who obtained pretravel health advice from travel agents were more likely to be aware of the official Saudi recommendations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.8; P=.01), receive recommended vaccines before travel (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4-3.9; P=.01), use hand sanitizers including soap (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1-6.1; P=.03), and wash their hands after touching an ill person during Hajj (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.1-7.1; P=.01), compared to those who sought advice from GPs. However, neither advice from travel agents nor GPs was associated with a lower incidence of Hajj-related illnesses.

Conclusions

Advice from travel agents appeared to be accessed by more travelers than that from GPs, and was associated with an increased likelihood of positive travel health behaviors.
Finding the Best Way to Deliver Online Educational Content in Low-Resource Settings: Qualitative Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kynge Lucy
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

The reach of internet and mobile phone coverage has grown rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The potential for sharing knowledge with health care workers in low-resource settings to improve working practice is real, but barriers exist that limit access to online information. Burns affect more than 11 million people each year, but health care workers in low-resource settings receive little or no training in treating burn patients. Interburns' training programs are tailor-made to improve the quality of burn care in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; the challenge is to understand the best way of delivering these resources digitally toward improved treatment and care of burn patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study, funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), was to understand issues and barriers that affect health care worker access to online learning in low-resource settings in order to broaden access to Interburns' training materials and improve burn-patient care.

METHODS

A total of 546 participants of Interburns' Essential Burn Care (EBC) course held in Bangladesh, Nepal, Ethiopia, and the West Bank, the occupied Palestinian Territories, between January 2016 and June 2018 were sent an online survey. EBC participants represent the wide range of health care professionals involved with the burn-injured patient. A literature review was carried out as well as research into online platforms.

RESULTS

A total of 207 of 546 (37.9%) participants of the EBC course did not provide an email address. Of the 339 email addresses provided, 81 (23.9%) “bounced” back. Surgeons and doctors were more likely to provide an email address than nurses, intern doctors, or auxiliary health care workers. A total of 258 participants received the survey and 70 responded, giving a response rate of 27.1%. Poor internet connection, lack of time, and limited access to computers were the main reasons for not engaging with online learning, along with lack of relevant materials. Computers were seen as more useful for holding information, while mobile phones were better for communicating and sharing knowledge. Health care workers in LMICs use mobile phones professionally on a daily basis. A total of 80% (56/70) felt that educational content on burns should be available through mobile apps.

CONCLUSIONS

Health care workers in low-resource settings face a variety of barriers to accessing educational content online. The reliance on email for sign-up to learning management systems is a significant barrier. Materials need to be relevant, localized, and easy to consume offline if necessary, to avoid costs of mobile phone data. Smartphones are increasingly used professionally every day for communication and searching for information, pointing toward the need for tailored educational content to be more available through mobile- and web-based apps.
Initial Results from the YMCA/Virginia Mason Weight Loss E-Referral Program: Case Report (Preprint)
Authors: Gerrard Travis , Kamo Norris , Sundar Sally , Frank Gabrielle , Pimentel Marisa , Blackmore Craig , Auerbach Brandon
Published: November 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

Good communication between health care systems and their community is vital. Historically, for a health care provider to refer a patient to a community resource, the provider communicates directly to the patient, who must independently follow up on the recommendation. In 2015, Virginia Mason Medical Center created an electronic referral system to the YMCA of Greater Seattle facilitated through its electronic medical record. Using an electronic referral system, a health care provider sends a referral to the YMCA electronically, and then the YMCA contacts the patient to enroll in their program. Here, we document the process of setting up an electronic-referral system, the impact of the electronic referral system, and discuss future possibilities of this system.
Construction of Middle School Students (SMA) Against Political Education (Phenomenology Study of State High School 3 Malang Students)
Authors: Agus Basuki
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn interesting phenomenon appears related to the relationship between high school students, schools, parents, and the government. The relationship between students and school raises the tendency for more students to spend more time at school. Besides, the majority of parents intensively encourage their children to engage in physical and organizational activities, even to conduct 'politics' in the school environment. Another phenomenon shows that the government has made several efforts, including in political affairs, to prepare students to become citizens as a whole. This paper uses a phenomenological approach to describe and understand the construction of high school students towards political education. In addition, in theory, this research was conducted to find propositions related to the development of political education. This study uses a qualitative model by taking the locus in the Intra-School Student Organization (OSIS) and Class Representative Chair (PK) of SMAN 3 Malang. As informants are teachers of Parental Education and parents. This research shows that the construction of high school students towards political education is in the form of political education concepts, implementation, objects, and their benefits. In the operational stage of Piaget's intelligence, the construction pattern is as follows: external environmental pressure, reflective, incomplete, fumbling and assimilating. Furthermore, based on the theory of Berger and Luckmann, the construction of political education of students follows dialectics with moments of externalization, objectivation, internalization, socialization, and resocialization to form knowledge reserves.Keywords: Students, political education, SMAN 3 Malang
Promesas y peligros de los avances tecnológicos
Authors: Bunge Mario
Published: November 2019

Todos sabemos que la tecnología basada en la ciencia ha conocido un avance incesante desde los tiempos de Galileo, pero los escépticos también saben que, a diferencia de las ciencias, la tecnología es ambivalente pues, aunque en gran medida es beneficiosa, una parte de ella también es dañina. Así, por ejemplo, mientras que la ciencia nuclear ha enriquecido la civilización, la ingeniería nuclear produjo los crímenes de Hiroshima y Nagasaki y nos ha vuelto escépticos ante el futuro de la vida en la tierra. Esta ambivalencia axiológica de

la tecnología es el tema de estas páginas.
PROGRAM PARENTING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA
Authors: Akhyadi Ade Sadikin , Mulyono Dinno
Published: November 2019

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah salah satu bagian dari tridharma perguruan tinggi. Oleh karena itu menjadi suatu kewajiban bagi setiap dosen dan sivitas akademika lainnya untuk terlibat dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat. STKIP Siliwangi yang telah menggulirkan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan pendanaan internal yang dilaksanakan di seluruh wilayah Jawa Barat pada tahun 2016, telah mengintegrasikan program pendidikan masyarakat berupa sosialisasi dan seminar pendidikan dengan kegiatan pengabdian yang dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan dalam waktu 14 hari. Dengan metode pendekatan pendampingan, pelatihan dan pembinaan, program pengabdian memberikan warna baru dalam pengembangan pendidikan di pelosok Jawa Barat, adapun lokasi yang dipilih adalah Desa Karangpakuan, Kecamatan Darmaraja, Sumedang, sebagai daerah yang terdampak pembangunan Waduk Jatigede. Materi yang disampaikan adalah program parenting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan keluarga. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan adalah adanya perluasan dan aksesibilitas masyarakat terhadap layanan pendidikan, termasuk pendidikan tinggi
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF BERBASIS PENDAMPINGAN BAGI GURU SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rahayu Galih Dani Septiyan , Firmansyah Dida
Published: November 2019

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah salah satu bagian dari tridharma perguruan tinggi. Oleh karena itu menjadi suatu kewajiban bagi setiap dosen dan sivitas akademika lainnya untuk terlibat dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Tujuan jangka panjang program pengabdian ini adalah mengembangkan suatu pembelajaran yang inovatif berbasis pendampingan bagi guru-guru Skolah Dasar (SD). Secara khusus, tujuan khusus yang ingin dicapai sebagai berikut: (1). Memberikan penjelasan tentang model-model pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan di SD; (2). Memberikan penjelasan tentang cara menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran atau RPP sesuai dengan model pembelajaran yang digunakan; (3). Memberikan penjelasan tentang pelaksanaan pembelajaran sesuai dengan model pembelajaran yang digunakan. Metode yang akan dipakai dalam upaya pencapaian tujuan tersebut memalui pendampingan yang langkah-langkahnya terdiri dari: (a). Mengumpulkan guru-guru SD se-Kecamatan Cipendeuy; (b). Memberikan gambaran umum mengenai kegiatan pengabdian yang akan dilakukan; (c). Melakukan refleksi dan diskusi mengenai berbagai model pembelajaran inovatif; (d). Pelaksanaan kegiatan pendapingan tentang model pembelajaran inovatif bagi guru-guru SD; (e). Evaluasi kegiatan pendampingan model pembelajaran inovatif.