bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Assessment From Simple Clinical Judgments to Statistical Learning: Evaluating a Range of Options Using Pediatric Bipolar Disorder as a Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Youngstrom Eric A. , Halverson Tate F. , Youngstrom Jennifer K. , Lindhiem Oliver , Findling Robert L.
Published: December 2017

Reliability of clinical diagnoses is often low. There are many algorithms that could improve diagnostic accuracy, and statistical learning is becoming popular. Using pediatric bipolar disorder as a clinically challenging example, we evaluated a series of increasingly complex models ranging from simple screening to a supervised LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operation) regression in a large ( N = 550) academic clinic sample. We then externally validated models in a community clinic ( N = 511) with the same candidate predictors and semistructured interview diagnoses, providing high methodological consistency; the clinics also had substantially different demography and referral patterns. Models performed well according to internal validation metrics. Complex models degraded rapidly when externally validated. Naive Bayesian and logistic models concentrating on predictors identified in prior meta-analyses tied or bettered LASSO models when externally validated. Implementing these methods would improve clinical diagnostic performance. Statistical learning research should continue to invest in high-quality indicators and diagnoses to supervise model training.
Perioperative Management of Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Haas Rick L. , Gronchi Alessandro , van de Sande Michiel A.J. , Baldini Elizabeth H. , Gelderblom Hans , Messiou Christina , Wardelmann Eva , Le Cesne Axel
Published: December 2017

Surgery is potentially curative for primary nonmetastatic extremity soft tissue sarcomas. After surgery alone, patients may remain at risk for local recurrences and/or metastatic disease. To reduce the likelihood of a local relapse, the addition of radiotherapy (RT) to limb-sparing surgery may result in higher local control rates of at least 85%. Generally, it can be stated that local control after both preoperative and postoperative RT is comparable, but that preoperative RT comes with a more favorable toxicity profile after prolonged follow-up, albeit at the cost of a higher wound complication rate. Furthermore, recent data suggest that preoperative RT is more cost effective. To reduce the risk of subsequent metastatic disease, systemic chemotherapy can be introduced early during the primary management of these patients. These systemic chemotherapy regimens can also be applied both preoperatively and postoperatively. Finally, with the aim of increasing the antitumor response of perioperative RT, these agents may even be combined with RT, concurrently and sequentially. While designing new preoperative combination regimens, responses should be carefully monitored by both sophisticated radiologic and pathologic evaluations. This article reviews all these aspects, in addition to limb-sparing surgery.
Locally Aggressive Connective Tissue Tumors
Authors: Gounder Mrinal M. , Thomas David M. , Tap William D.
Published: December 2017

In this review, we highlight the complexities of the natural history, biology, and clinical management of three intermediate connective tissue tumors: desmoid tumor (DT) or aggressive fibromatosis, tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) or diffuse-type pigmented villonodular synovitis (dtPVNS), and giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). Intermediate histologies include tumors of both soft tissue and bone origin and are locally aggressive and rarely metastatic. Some common aspects to these tumors are that they can be locally infiltrative and/or impinge on critical organs, which leads to disfigurement, pain, loss of function and mobility, neurovascular compromise, and occasionally life-threatening consequences, such as mesenteric, bowel, ureteral, and/or bladder obstruction. DT, PVNS, and GCTB have few and recurrent molecular aberrations but, paradoxically, can have variable natural histories. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for optimal management. In DT and PVNS, a course of observation may be appropriate, and any intervention should be guided by symptoms and/or disease progression. A surgical approach should take into consideration the infiltrative nature, difficulty in obtaining wide margins, high recurrence rates, acute and chronic surgical morbidities, and impact on quality of life. There are similar concerns with radiation, which especially relate to optimal field and transformation to high-grade radiation-associated sarcomas. Systemic therapies must be considered carefully in light of acute and chronic toxicities. Although standard and novel therapies are promising, many unanswered questions, such as duration of therapy and optimal end points to evaluate efficacy of drugs in clinical practice and trials, exist. Predictive biomarkers and novel clinical trial end points, such as volumetric measurement, magnetic resonance imaging T2 weighted mapping, nuclear imaging, and patient-reported outcomes, are in development and will require validation in prospective trials.
The Impact of New Technologies and Human Capital on the Contribution of New Ways to the Economy of the Regions Of Russia
Authors: Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena , Иванова О. , Ivanova O. , Коржов Владимир , Korzhov Vladimir
Published: December 2017

The updated econometric estimates of the influence of new technologies and human capital on the contribution of new technological structures to the per capita GDP in the regions of Russia are obtained. Coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways GDP on the use of the new technologies estimated by armament of work by new fixed assets and for use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education are estimated. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to per capita GDP on the use of the new technologies estimated by armament of work by new fixed assets it is reasonable to increase, first, investments into fixed assets of the region. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of a contribution of new ways to per capita GDP on the use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education it is reasonable to increase, first of all, a share of workers with the highest education. The effectiveness of increasing the labor-efficiency of labor by new fixed assets and increasing the use of labor of workers with higher education are estimated.
Assessment of the Impact of New Technologies and Human Capital on the Contribution of New Technological Modes to the Economy of the Regions of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation
Authors: Левкина Наталия , Levkina Nataliya
Published: December 2017

The article presents the results of the analysis of the impact of new technologies and human capital on the contribution of new technological modes in the economy of the Siberian Federal District. Econometric estimates of the impact of new technologies and human capital on the contribution of new technological modes in per capita GRP in the Siberian Federal District`s regions of the Russian Federation were obtained. Elasticity coefficients of the contribution of new modes in per capita GRP due to new technologies evaluated with the capital labor ratio with fixed assets and the use of human capital evaluated with the share of employees having higher education were estimated. The use of new technologies is the most effective in Irkutsk region, Tomsk region, Novosibirsk region, Omsk region and Krasnoyarsk territory. The use of new technologies is inefficient in Trans-Baikal territory, Republic of Buryatia and Republic of Altai. The use of human capital is the most effective in Tomsk region, Irkutsk region and Krasnoyarsk territory. The use of human capital is inefficient in Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Tuva, Republic of Altai, Altai Territory and Trans-Baikal territory. The value of elasticity coefficients determines the necessity of increasing investments in the region either in fixed assets or to increase the share of employees having higher education.
Project management
Authors: Базилевич Анна , Bazilyevich Anna , Денисенко Владимир , Denisenko Vladimir , Захаров Павел , Zaharov Pavel , Моргунова Наталья , Morgunova Natal'ya , Моргунова Роксана , Morgunova Roksana , Омаров Тимур , Omarov Timur , Ползунова Наталья , Polzunova Natal'ya , Родионова Наталья , Rodionova Natalya , Тихонюк Наталья , Tihonyuk Natal'ya , Филимонова Наталья , Filimonova Natalya , Юссуф Анастасия , Yussuf Anastasiya
Published: December 2017

Covers the main concepts, methods, techniques, and tools outlined in the standards for project management, the study of which is stipulated by the requirements of the FSES IN the third generation. It describes the General ideas about the project and its stakeholders. Presented training materials on the management of the main parameters of the project, the project management systems; the specifics of managing different types of projects of the organization.
For graduate students and undergraduate students in the direction of training "Management", postgraduates and teachers of economic universities. Can be useful to managers of organizations.
Evaluation of in-situ transient simultaneous cell disruption and transesterification of microalgae
Authors: Gonzalez-Delgado Angel Dario , Barajas-Solano Andres Fernando , Peralta-Ruiz Yeimmy Yolima
Published: December 2017

Microalgae has recently been highlighted as source of valuable products including
biofuel. The production process of biofuels from microalgae involves mass
cultivation, harvesting, deep dewatering, lipid extraction and biofuel conversion. In
this work, lipids from microalgae Navicula sp. were obtained using multifunctional
process that consists of acid hydrolysis or cellular disruption, oil extraction and in
situ transesterification. The effect of alcohol added to produce ethyl and methyl
esters on lipid extraction efficiency was evaluated using methanol and ethanol in
order to determine the most suitable route for obtaining the high values of lipids and total reducing sugar. The highest lipid extraction efficiency and total reducing
sugar (7.72 % and 2.63 mg/ml, respectively) was obtained for methanol. The low
lipid extraction efficiency of multifuctional process is due to transesterification of
lipids that gradually released into the system. The formation of alkyl esters was
confirmed by FTIR with an increase in carbonyl peak as the reaction progressed,
thus muntifuctional process reduce cost of alkyl esters production by eliminating
the step of lipid extraction by solvent.
En transit ou à destination? Le Black Bazar des écrivains migrants africains
Authors: Tsimi Eric Essono
Published: December 2017

Black Bazaar is a real-life satire. Its narrator-author was called Fessologue, rendered ‘Buttologist’ in the English translation. He advanced polemical views about the lives of African immigrants in France. In the absence of an all persons fictitious disclaimer, since Fessologue hails like Mabanckou himself from the ‘little Congo’ and that many satirized characters are based on actual contemporary writers, this article analyses the ‘migritude writers’ through Black Bazaar, the identity novel. Drawing on Bhabha’s (2003, 2012), the paper focuses on the potential of African narratives to properly talk of the subaltern history of francophone African writers and the evolution of their identities across the margins of Paris.
Conical square functions for degenerate elliptic operators
Authors: Chen Li , Martell José María , Prisuelos-Arribas Cruz
Published: December 2017

The aim of the present paper is to study the boundedness of different conical square functions that arise naturally from second-order divergence form degenerate elliptic operators. More precisely, let

L
w

=

-

w

-
1

⁢

div

(

w
⁢
A
⁢
∇

)

{L_{w}=-w^{-1}\mathop{\rm div}(wA\nabla)}

, where

w
∈

A
2

{w\in A_{2}}

and A is an

n
×
n

{n\times n}

bounded, complex-valued,
uniformly elliptic matrix. Cruz-Uribe and Rios solved the

L
2

⁢

(
w
)

{L^{2}(w)}

-Kato square root problem obtaining that

L
w

{\sqrt{L_{w}}}

is equivalent to the gradient on

L
2

⁢

(
w
)

{L^{2}(w)}

. The same authors in collaboration with the second named author of this paper studied the

L
p

⁢

(
w
)

{L^{p}(w)}

-boundedness of operators that are naturally associated with

L
w

{L_{w}}

, such as the functional calculus, Riesz transforms, and vertical square functions. The theory developed admitted also weighted estimates (i.e., estimates in

L
p

⁢

(

v

⁢
d
⁢
w

)

{L^{p}(v\,dw)}

for

v
∈

A
∞

⁢

(
w
)

{v\in A_{\infty}(w)}

), and in particular a class of “degeneracy” weights w was found in such a way that the classical

L
2

{L^{2}}

-Kato problem can be solved. In this paper, continuing this line of research, and also that originated in some recent results by the second and third named authors of the current paper, we study the boundedness on

L
p

⁢

(
w
)

{L^{p}(w)}

and on

L
p

⁢

(

v

⁢
d
⁢
w

)

{L^{p}(v\,dw)}

, with

v
∈

A
∞

⁢

(
w
)

{v\in A_{\infty}(w)}

, of the conical square functions that one can construct using the heat or Poisson semigroup associated with

L
w

{L_{w}}

. As a consequence of our methods, we find a class of degeneracy weights w for which

L
2

{L^{2}}

-estimates for these conical square functions hold. This opens the door to the study of weighted and unweighted Hardy spaces and of boundary value problems associated with

L
w

{L_{w}}

.
Person as an inflectional category
Authors: Nichols Johanna
Published: December 2017

The category of person has both inflectional and lexical aspects, and the distinction provides a finely graduated grammatical trait, relatively stable in both families and areas, and revealing for both typology and linguistic geography. Inflectional behavior includes reference to speech-act roles, indexation of arguments, discreteness from other categories such as number or gender, assignment and/or placement in syntax, arrangement in paradigms, and general resemblance to closed-class items. Lexical behavior includes sharing categories and/or forms and/or syntactic behavior with major lexical classes (usually nouns) and generally resembling open-class items. Criteria are given here for typologizing person as more vs. less inflectional, some basic typological correlations are tested, and the worldwide linguistic-geographical distribution is mapped.
Whey utilization in a two-stage fermentation process
Authors: Vidra Aladár , Németh Áron
Published: December 2017

Whey is a major by-product of the cheese and dairy industry and has valuable nutritional constituents, however poses a major environmental risk if disposed of without prior treatment. The main components of whey except of water are lactose, lactic acid, soluble proteins, lipids, vitamins and mineral salts which give a very high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) load (30,000 - 50,000 ppm and 60.000 - 80,000 ppm, respectively) to the whey. This composition provides adequate nitrogen and carbon source to be utilized by microorganisms. The aim of this study was to examine the whey utilization in a two-stage fermentation process using Lactobacillus species and Propionibacterium acidipropionici. In the first stage Lactobacillus species utilise the main part of the nitrogen source while covert lactose content to lactic acid. In the second stage Propionibacterium acidipropionici utilize lactic acid and produce propionic acid. This two-stage fermentation process can be a feasible option, both for bioremediation of whey and production of propionic acid from waste sources. High lactose conversion (>90%) to lactic acid was achieved at the first stage, but its conversion to propionic acid during the second stage was insufficient (~30%). The COD was successfully decreased during the fermentations.
A population-based study of the effectiveness of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy versus conventional fractionated radiotherapy for clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Tu Chih-Yen , Hsia Te-Chun , Fang Hsin-Yuan , Liang Ji-An , Yang Su-Tso , Li Chia-Chin , Chien Chun-Ru
Published: December 2017

Background

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a promising option for non-operated early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT). However, results from conclusive randomized controlled trials are not yet available. The aim of our study was to explore the effectiveness of SABR vs. CFRT for non-operated early-stage NSCLC.

Patients and methods

We used a comprehensive population-based database to identify clinical stage I non-operated NSCLC patients in Taiwan diagnosed from 2007 to 2013 who were treated with either SABR or CFRT. We used inverse probability weighting and the propensity score as the primary form of analysis to address the nonrandomization of treatment. In the supplementary analyses, we constructed subgroups based on propensity score matching to compare survival between patients treated with SABR vs. CFRT.

Results

We identified 238 patients in our primary analysis. A good balance of covariates was achieved using the propensity score weighting. Overall survival (OS) was not significantly different between those treated with SABR vs. CFRT (SABR vs. CFRT: probability weighting adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.586, 95% confidence interval 0.264–1.101, p = 0.102). However, SABR was significantly favored in supplementary analyses.

Conclusions

In this population-based propensity-score adjusted analysis, we found that OS was not significantly different between those treated with SABR vs. CFRT in the primary analysis, although significance was observed in the supplementary analyses. Our results should be interpreted with caution given the database (i.e., nonrandomized) approach used in our study. Overall, further studies are required to explore these issues.
Wenn Roboter „mitreden“...
Authors: Antos Gerd
Published: December 2017

Will social bots change our current understanding of linguistic communication? Will synthetic speech still be distinguishable from human expressions? Are neural algorithms superseding conventional arguments in their communicative impact? Further: Isn't it already the case that software functionally outmatches language(s)?

Outlined in 12 theses, this essay argues for the need to research “disruption” in the setting of the flourishing subject of media linguistics: In how far is our culturally-shaped language being “disrupted”, i. e. “destructed with creative potential”, through digitalisation? What forms of human-machine co-evolutions will be established instead? Moreover: Will language still be the foundation and engine for our cultural evolution? Or will communication change from being “human-centric” to becoming “data-centric”?

Werden mit uns interagierende Roboter unser bisheriges Verständnis von sprachbasierter Verständigung verändern? Werden synthetisierte Sprach-Imitate von menschlichen Äußerungen kaum mehr zu unterscheiden sein? Sind netzbasierte Algorithmen kommunikativ wirkungsvoller als Argumente? Und: Ist Software nicht längst Sprache(n) funktional überlegen?

Vor dem Hintergrund einer aufblühenden Medienlinguistik plädiert der Essay in 12 Thesen für eine linguistische Disruptions-Forschung: Inwieweit wird unsere tradierte Sprachkultur von der Digitalisierung „disruptiv“, d. h. „kreativ zerstört“? Welche Formen der Ko-evolution zwischen Mensch und Maschine etablieren sich stattdessen? Und: Bleibt Sprache Basis und Motor unserer kulturellen Evolution? Oder tritt an Stelle einer „homozentrischen“ eine „datazentrische“ Kommunikation?
Evaluating the Mesostructural Changes of Laboratory Created Soil-Rock Mixtures Using a Seepage Test Based on NMR Technology
Authors: Feng Shangxin , Chai Junrui , Xu Zengguang , Qin Yuan
Published: December 2017

Soil-rock mixtures (S-RMs) have great potential as a material for use in hydropower engineering. However, seepage can change the porosity and structure of such mixtures, which can in turn threaten hydropower engineering structures. The objective of this study was to understand the mesostructural changes in S-RMs when S-RMs undergo seepage failure. Laboratory seepage tests were performed using a custom-made seepage instrument under different hydraulic gradients, i.e., 0, 20, 24, 27, and 30, and under a constant critical hydraulic gradient (30) for different lengths of time, i.e., 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, and 180 min. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can directly determine the physical properties of S-RMs, such as the pore distribution, porosity, and permeability. The results of the NMR tests reveal that the pores in the S-RMs are well developed. As the hydraulic gradient and time increase, the pores are expanded by the hydraulic pressure, and the connectivity of the pores increases. The structure and cohesion of the S-RM can be damaged by hydraulic pressure. When the hydraulic gradient is equal to the critical hydraulic gradient, the S-RM experiences erosion or seepage failure, and these phenomena become increasingly obvious with time. A relatively strong correlation exists between porosity and permeability. Movable fluid porosity contributes considerably more to permeability than does irreducible porosity.
Exenatide treatment causes suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Guclu Metin , Kiyici Sinem , Gul Zulfiye , Cavun Sinan
Published: December 2017

Aim

In the present study, we investigated the long-term effects of exenatide treatment on serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Type 2 diabetic patients, who were using metformin with and without the other antihyperglycemic drugs on a stable dose for at least 3 months, were enrolled in the study. BMI>35 kg/m2 and HbA1c>7.0% were the additional inclusion criteria. Oral antihyperglycemic drugs, other than metformin, were stopped, and metformin treatment was continued at 2000 mg per day. Exenatide treatment was initiated at 5 µg per dose subcutaneously (sc) twice daily, and after one month, the dose of exenatide was increased to 10 µg twice daily. Changes in anthropometric variables, glycemic control, lipid parameters and total ghrelin levels were evaluated at baseline and following 12 weeks of treatment.

Results

Thirty-eight patients (male/female = 7/31) entered the study. The mean age of patients was 50.5 ± 8.8 years with a mean diabetes duration of 8.5 ± 4.9 years. The mean BMI was 41.6 ± 6.3 kg/m2 and the mean HbA1c of patients was 8.9 ± 1.4%. The mean change in the weight of patients was −5.6 kg and the percentage change in weight was −5.2 ± 3.7% following 12 weeks of treatment. BMI, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels of patients were decreased significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001; respectively), while there was no change in lipid parameters. Serum fasting ghrelin levels were significantly suppressed following 12 weeks of exenatide treatment compared with baseline values (328.4 ± 166.8 vs 245.3 ± 164.8 pg/mL) (P = 0.024).

Conclusion

These results suggest that the effects of exenatide on weight loss may be related with the suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels, which is an orexigenic peptide.
Initial clinical presentation and spectrum of pheochromocytoma: a study of 94 cases from a single center
Authors: Falhammar Henrik , Kjellman Magnus , Calissendorff Jan
Published: December 2017

Background

With the increasing access to imaging more pheochromocytomas are diagnosed in the workup of adrenal incidentalomas. This may have changed the occurrence of the classic presentation with hypertension and the classic triad (headaches, sweating and palpitation).

Methods

We reviewed 94 consecutive cases of pheochromocytomas. Two cases of ectopic ACTH-syndrome were subsequently excluded.

Results

Of the 92 cases included 64% had presented as an incidentaloma, 32% as a suspected pheochromocytoma and 4% had been screened because of previously diagnosed MEN2A. Those screened were youngest while those with incidentalomas were oldest. The females were more common in the incidentaloma and the screening groups, and males in the suspected pheochromocytoma group. Measurements of noradrenaline/normetanephrine levels were highest in the suspected pheocromocytoma group and lowest in the screening group. Hypertension was present in 63% of the incidentalomas, 79% of suspected pheochromocytomas and in none of the screening group. Paroxysmal symptoms were present in almost all with suspected pheochromocytoma while only in half of the other groups. The suspected pheocromocytoma group had most symptoms and the screening group least. The classic triad was present in 14% of the incidentalomas, in 28% of the suspected and in none of the screening group, while no symptoms at all was present in 12%, 0% and 25%, respectively. Pheochromocytoma crisis occurred in 5%. There was a positive correlation between tumor size vs hormone levels, and catecholamine levels vs blood pressure.

Conclusion

Clinicians need to be aware of the modern presentation of pheochromocytomas since early identification can be life-saving.
An unusual cause of hypoxia: getting to the heart of the matter
Authors: Hammersley Daniel , Shamsi Aamir , Zaman Mohammad Murtaza , Berry Philip , Sturridge Lydia
Published: December 2017

A 63-year-old female presented to hospital with progressive exertional dyspnoea over a 6-month period. In the year preceding her admission, she reported an intercurrent history of abdominal pain, diarrhoea and weight loss. She was found to be hypoxic, the cause for which was initially unclear. A ventilation–perfusion scan identified a right-to-left shunt. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) demonstrated a significant right-to-left intracardiac shunt through a patent foramen ovale (PFO); additionally severe tricuspid regurgitation was noted through a highly abnormal tricuspid valve. The findings were consistent with carcinoid heart disease with a haemodynamically significant shunt, resulting in profound systemic hypoxia. 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and imaging were consistent with a terminal ileal primary carcinoid cancer with hepatic metastasis. Liver biopsy confirmed a tissue diagnosis. The patient was commenced on medical therapy for carcinoid syndrome. She subsequently passed away while undergoing anaesthetic induction for valvular surgery to treat her carcinoid heart disease and PFO.
Befugnisse und Praxis des Bundeskartellamts im Verbraucherschutz nach der 9. GWB-Novelle
Authors: Becker Carsten
Published: December 2017

Mit der im Wesentlichen durch die Umsetzung der Schadensersatz-Richtlinie veranlassten 9. GWB-Novelle wurden dem Bundeskartellamt erstmals Befugnisse im Verbraucherschutzbereich übertragen. Fortan stehen dem Amt die aus dem Kartellrecht bekannten Instrumente der Sektoruntersuchung und der Beteiligung als „amicus curiae“ an Zivilrechtsstreitigkeiten unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen auch im verbraucherrechtlichen Zusammenhang zu. Für Kartellrecht und Verbraucherschutz stellt dies gleichermaßen eine Wegmarke dar. Mittlerweile hat das Bundeskartellamt erste Maßnahmen auf der Grundlage der neuen Bestimmungen eingeleitet. Der Beitrag bietet eine erste Auseinandersetzung mit den neuen Bestimmungen und arbeitet heraus, wie das Bundeskartellamt seine neue Rolle als Akteur im Verbraucherschutz zu definieren beginnt.
Briefing: Engineering history and heritage of the twentieth century
Authors: Lazarus Deborah
Published: December 2017

While history and heritage tend to be associated with ‘old’, perhaps meaning several hundred years and possibly more, in terms of building conservation it is important to understand the changes in construction materials and form that have taken place during the past hundred years, a period when ‘tall’ buildings have become truly tall, bridges have continued to break records in terms of span and tunnel construction has developed to allow a proliferation of infrastructure below increasingly crowded urban streets. The significance of a number of buildings and other structures from the twentieth century has been recognised by their statutory designation and several are included on the World Heritage List. For much of the twentieth century, there was also increasing interest in the protection of more modern buildings and in dissemination of information to stimulate growing public awareness and involvement. There is a correspondingly important role for engineers in addressing the challenges posed by their conservation and extending their life. The paper concludes with the hope that the discussion about ‘modern’ structures, their conservation and re-purposing will continue and that the boundaries of engineering and construction history will continue to move to include the twentienth century and, in due course, beyond.
Integriertes Engineering - wann, wenn nicht jetzt!
Authors: Tauchnitz Thomas
Published: December 2017

Für die Planung und Betriebsbetreuung in der Prozessindustrie werden viele unterschiedliche Engineering-Systeme verwendet. Diese sind jeweils für Komponenten, Lebenszyklusphasen oder Gewerke spezialisiert, aber auch auf sie begrenzt. In Planungs- und Betriebsphase müssen Daten zwischen diesen Systemen transportiert werden. Dieser Beitrag schlägt vor, integrierte Engineering-Systeme zu verwenden. Zur Realisierung werden verschiedene Ansätze präsentiert. Ein Blick auf Konzepte wie Industrie 4.0 zeigt, dass diese Ansätze jetzt dringend fortentwickelt und in der Praxis implementiert werden müssen.
Anforderungsprofil von Software wechseln
Authors: Ehrenberger Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

Es ist möglich, aus der Erfahrung, die für Software mit der Abarbeitung bestimmter Anforderungen in betrieblichen Umgebungen vorliegt, auf deren späteres Versagensverhalten in anders gearteten Einsätzen zu schließen. Hierbei spielen die Pfade, in denen die Software abläuft, eine entscheidende Rolle. Sie bilden mit den Häufigkeiten ihrer Abläufe das jeweilige Anforderungsprofil. Sind das alte und das neue Anforderungsprofil bekannt, lässt sich auf die Versagenseigenschaften in der neuen Umgebung schließen. Die Schlüsse können auch die Ungenauigkeiten in den Kenntnissen der Profile berücksichtigen. Ungenauigkeiten über das neue Profil wiegen besonders schwer. Ist dieses aber genau bekannt und liegen entsprechend umfangreiche Betriebserfahrungen vor, lässt sich die Erfüllung auch hoher Zuverlässigkeits-Anforderungen zeigen. Ergänzende deterministische Verfikationsbemühungen sind immer nötig.
Smarte Produktionsassistenz für wandlungsfähige Fabrik
Authors: Zürn Michael , Reichenbach Matthias , Reichling Thorsten , Hodapp Jan , Berger Ulrich
Published: December 2017

Kennzeichnend für die Automobilindustrie sind zunehmende individuelle Wünsche der Kunden und eine Verkürzung der Konjunkturzyklen. Für Hersteller, wie die Daimler AG, führt diese Marktsituation zu hoher Variantenvielfalt und Stückzahlschwankungen. Da die Ausprägungen dieser Einflüsse weitgehend unbekannt sind, muss das Produktionssystem darauf vorbereitet sein, bedarfsgerecht angepasst zu werden. Wandlungsfähige Produktionssysteme gehören daher zu den strategischen Erfolgsgrößen für die Automobilindustrie. In diesem Beitrag wird ein modularer, skalierbarer Produktionsbaukasten vorgestellt, der Bestandteil einer Planungs- und Entwicklungsumgebung wandlungsfähiger Produktionskonzepte ist. Die hierfür genutzte grenzwerttheoretische Entwicklungsmethodik wird erläutert und die Skalierungsmöglichkeiten des Produktionsbaukastens mit Hilfe neuer Produktionstechnologien betrachtet. Dabei zeichnet sich die Mensch-Roboter-Kooperation (MRK) als wesentlicher Bestandteil wandlungsfähiger Produktionskonzepte ab. Smarte Produktionsassistenten sind intelligente und sichere Roboterapplikationen, die sich als Möglichkeit hervortun, die MRK als Schlüsseltechnologie in industriellen Anwendungen zu realisieren.
Process Operation 4.0
Authors: Hollender Martin , Graven Tone Grete , Partini Jeton , Schäring Pierre
Published: December 2017

Digitalization, Internet of Things, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality are some examples of rapidly developing areas of technology with high impact on how industrial processes will be operated in the future. Normal operations are usually already highly automated and will be even more automated in the future. Tasks like fault detection, diagnosis and process optimization are becoming more complex. Many of those tasks can be best handled by interdisciplinary teams with broad expertise and knowledge about process, plant, operations, maintenance, networks, sensors and actuators. Collaborative Process Operations makes it possible to efficiently bring disciplines together to focus on the problem at hand. Big Data and Artificial Intelligence tools support teams and make them as efficient as possible. Previously isolated control rooms become networked control centers for the Industry 4.0 high performance work force. Work environments must support collaboration at all levels and support high performance work around the clock.
IMANÊNCIA E TRANSCENDÊNCIA NA MINEIRIDADE
Authors: Coelho Rafael Senra , Monteiro André , Zimbrão Teresinha
Published: December 2017

No presente artigo, analisamos representações da identidade de Minas Gerais, passando pela formação cultural, intelectual e política do Estado. A partir dessas considerações iniciais, teremos como foco o livro Grande Sertão: Veredas, onde detectamos uma vertente da mineiridade cujos novos (e indefinidos) vetores apontam para além das habituais representações. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
A LITERATUTA INFANTO-JUVENIL COMO POSSIBILIDADES DE AFIRMAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NEGRA
Authors: Moser Alcaraz Rita De Cássia , Portela de Siqueira Marques Eugenia
Published: December 2017

Este estudo identifica a literatura infantil - juvenil como artefato cultural, portador de estratégias discursivas, que informam e nos formam culturalmente para afirmar a identidade afro-brasileira, por meio de personagens que valorizam a cor da pele e os cabelos cacheados. A reflexão teórica crítica fundamenta-se nos estudos pós-coloniais que tensionam o currículo escolar e a colonialidade do saber. Consideramos que literatura infanto-juvenil tem função legitimadora de saberes na escola e na articulação desses no processo de descolonização das esferas institucionalizadas, as quais serviram/servem predominantemente na subjugação e subalternização dos povos colonizados. Por meio da reflexão crítica e decolonial do corpus documental que inseriu o ensino da História e Cultura Afro-brasileira no currículo escolar, selecionamos em algumas obras o protagonismo do ser negro. Elas ao impactarem a lógica hegemônica de base ocidental e eurocêntrica contribuem para a afirmação identitária da criança negra em um espaço de resistência e de descolonização à cultura da branquidade.   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
UMA VIDA ENTRE EXÍLIOS: OS DESTERROS GEOGRÁFICOS E SUBJETIVOS DE GREGÓRIO GURSTONSKY
Authors: Pinheiro Alexandra Santos
Published: December 2017

A literatura de Susana Gertopán está permeada de ficção e de memória. Nas narrativas da escritora paraguaia, conforme ela faz questão de enfatizar, estão presentes as histórias ouvidas de seus avôs e demais parentes que emigraram para o Paraguai durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. O luto por aqueles que não conseguiram fugir do holocausto e o desejo acalentado de voltar à sua terra de origem inspiram o ato criativo da escritora. As lembranças e os sentimentos de seus familiares somam-se aos da autora no momento em que os narradores-protagonistas criados por Gertopán rememoram as suas vidas. Neste texto, damos destaque a Gregório Gurstonsky, protagonista e narrador do quarto livro de Susana Gertopán, El otro exilio, publicado em 2007. Ao rememorar sua história, Gregório permite analisar o exílio por diferentes perspectivas: o forçado, o voluntário, o geográfico e o interior.  A marca destes múltiplos desterros está impregnada na constituição identitária do sujeito em constante busca de si e de uma pátria. Para compreender o processo memorialístico do protagonista, a análise será amparada no referencial teórico voltado à memória, à identidade e à relação entre história e ficção.  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
QUATRO OLHOS SOBRE AMERICANAH: A PARTIR DE ONDE O TEXTO DE ADICHIE FALA E PARA QUEM?
Authors: Schneider Liane , Araújo Eliza De Souza Silva
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo discute as práticas tradutórias através da análise do romance Americanah, de Chimamanda N. Adichie, levando em conta sua tradução do inglês para o português. A narrativa em tela aponta estranhamentos por parte da protagonista no que diz respeito a, principalmente, compreensões sobre raça e gênero nos dois países implicados, ou seja, Nigéria e Estados Unidos, e como os mesmos aparecem transpostos nas duas línguas em questão. Assim, ao longo do trabalho, foram destacados exemplos e opções tradutórias na versão em português da narrativa que ilustram como tais escolhas inegavelmente explicitam marcas das diferenças culturais envolvidas no que se refere a visões de mundo, ideologias, padrões de construção de identidade nas culturas de partida e de chegada. Com base em discussões desenvolvidas por teóricos/as da tradução, da cultura e da adaptação, entre os quais destacamos Venuti, Chamberlain e Hutcheon, apresentamos nossas considerações sobre como questões raciais e de gênero se mostram carregadas de elementos que ultrapassam aspectos linguísticos, sugerindo que paradigmas e ideologias podem ser mais determinantes para as escolhas do/a tradutor/a do que o arsenal de termos (quase) equivalentes em duas línguas colocadas em diálogo através da tradução efetuada.    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO FEMININA EM “VESTIDA DE PRETO” DE MÁRIO DE ANDRADE
Authors: Teixeira Nincia
Published: December 2017

Durante séculos a mulher foi vista como o outro, contra o qual o homem impunha seu poder, devendo ser subserviente nas sociedades patriarcais e falocêntricas. Com a evolução da história, passou por transformações em várias instâncias, moral, afetiva, econômica, intelectual. Tais transformações foram importantes para definir a posição de um gênero, até então, muito estereotipado na sociedade. Essa estereotipação se transfere também para o campo literário, em que podemos observar personagens femininas que são dominadas pelas prerrogativas masculinas.É nesse ponto que este trabalho tem sua principal reflexão: a mulher como personagem na literatura, em especial, no conto “Vestida de Preto” de Mário de Andrade. O trabalho apresenta reflexões sobre a obra e a forma com que o autor abordou o tema mulher, centrando o foco na personagem Maria  que, no universo desse autor, é representada de forma pouco convencional em seus fazeres e poderes, rompendo de certa forma com a imagem cristalizada de mulher. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
A ESCRAVIDÃO E O CORPO
Authors: Santos Josalba Fabiana
Published: December 2017

Este artigo analisa o fantasma de uma escrava em A menina morta (1954), romance de Cornélio Penna, como uma demonstração das relações de poder durante o período escravocrata no Brasil do Segundo Império. O livro espelha essas relações formalmente, pois, além de um narrador principal culto, possui narradoras de pequenas histórias que são escravas ou libertas. Algumas destas histórias, como neste caso, são assustadoras.  Para a análise, recorremos ao conceito de fantasma desenvolvido por Felinto (2008) e por Derrida (1994). Consideramos também a discussão feita por Deleuze e Guattari (2012) sobre a rostidade, já que esse é um elemento importante no fantasma em questão.  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
PERSPECTIVAS ESTRUTURANTES: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA NARRATOLOGIA PÓS-CLÁSSICA PARA O ESTUDO DA FOCALIZAÇÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: OLIVEIRA RAQUEL TRENTIN
Published: December 2017

Focos narrativos complexos, como os preponderantes em O som e a fúria, de Faulkner, e Em busca do tempo perdido, de Proust, justificam, por si mesmos, a significância do processo de focalização em uma narrativa e a relevância de um estudo abrangente e aprofundado do tema, sem reduzi-lo a classificações superficiais e restritivas. Neste artigo, analiso criticamente alguns dos enfoques dados ao problema pela chamada narratologia pós-clássica (ainda pouco divulgada no Brasil), a qual, por meio do diálogo com outras áreas do saber, tem considerado a focalização como um processo dinâmico, resultante da interdependência dos atos de percepção, cognição e mediação semiótica.   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
SOBRE O POTENCIAL DISCRIMINANTE DAS PROPRIEDADES DE VOZ/FALA NA TAREFA DE COMPARAÇÃO DE LOCUTORES: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Brescancini Cláudia Regina
Published: December 2017

Este estudo tem por objetivo replicar a tarefa pericial de comparação de locutores ao confrontar uma amostra de fala teste (amostra questionada), produzida por um indivíduo adulto do sexo masculino, com três amostras de fala de referência (amostras padrões), pertencentes ao irmão gêmeo do locutor questionado, ao próprio locutor questionado e a outro locutor masculino com idade semelhante a do locutor questionado. Busca-se confrontar as propriedades de voz/fala provenientes das amostras para identificação da autoria a partir das características (socio)linguísticas e de voz que revelem poder discriminante. A análise é conduzida com base na verificação perceptivo-auditiva e acústica das amostras (o que compreende o chamado método combinado), tendo por guia o protocolo proposto por Gonçalves e Petry (2015). Os elementos técnico-comparativos encontrados na examinação evidenciam que mesmo irmãos gêmeos podem ser diferenciados em razão de suas propriedades de voz/fala e que, no caso em questão, o exame de aspectos referentes aos perfis de voz, à taxa de articulação, à frequência fundamental e à produção de róticos em coda são suficientes e eficientes para sustentar fortemente a hipótese de mesma origem no caso do confronto entre a amostra referente ao locutor questionado e a amostra referente à LP2.  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Scalability of DL_POLY on High Performance Computing Platform
Authors: Mabakane Mabule Samuel , Moeketsi Daniel Mojalefa , Lopis Anton
Published: December 2017

This paper presents a case study on the scalability of several versions of the molecular dynamics code (DL_POLY) performed on South Africa‘s Centre for High Performance Computing e1350 IBM Linux cluster, Sun system and Lengau supercomputers. Within this study different problem sizes were designed and the same chosen systems were employed in order to test the performance of DL_POLY using weak and strong scalability. It was found that the speed-up results for the small systems were better than large systems on both Ethernet and Infiniband network. However, simulations of large systems in DL_POLY performed well using Infiniband network on Lengau cluster as compared to e1350 and Sun supercomputer.
A model to improve the routing performance of Cognitive Radio Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Kola Lesiba Morries , Velempini Mthulisi
Published: December 2017

The increasing demand for broadband wireless technologies has led to the scarcity, inefficient utilization, and underutilization of the spectrum. The Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has emerged as the promising solution which improves the utilization of the spectrum. However, routing is a challenge due to the dynamic nature of the CR networks. The link quality varies in space and time as nodes join and leave the network. The network connectivity is intermittent due to node mobility and the activities of the primary user. The spectrum aware, spectrum agile, and interference aware routing protocols are vital for the sturdiness of the network and efficient utilization of the resources.

We propose an interference aware, spectrum aware, and agile extended Weighted Cumulative Expected Transmission Time (xWCETT) routing protocol. The protocol integrates the features of the Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and the weighted cumulative expected transmission time (WCETT) routing protocols. The xWCETT was simulated using the Network Simulator 2 and its performance compared with the AODV and the WCETT routing protocols. The xWCETT was evaluated with respect to quality of service related metrics and the results show that it outperformed the AODV and WCETT routing protocols.
A inclusão da criança autista na Educação Infantil: percepções de educadores da rede municipal de Cocal do Sul/SC
Authors: Pereira Juliana Costa , Castro Everson Ney Hüttner
Published: December 2017

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo geral investigar como educadores (as) que atuam na rede municipal de Cocal do Sul/SC percebem a inclusão da criança autista na educação infantil. A partir do objetivo geral definiram-se os objetivos específicos: identificar as concepções dos(as) educadores(as) da educação infantil em relação à inclusão, compreender o processo de inclusão das crianças autistas nas instituições de educação infantil da rede municipal de ensino de Cocal do Sul/SC pela ótica dos docentes e identificar que possibilidades os(as) educadores(as) encontram no processo de inclusão de crianças autistas na educação infantil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, da qual participaram três educadoras que atuam em uma Instituição de Educação Infantil da rede municipal de Cocal do Sul/SC. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Os autores utilizados foram Mantoan (2008), Mittler (2003), Mello (2007), Gauderer (1993), Schwartzman (1994), Gomes et al. (2007), Veiga (2008), entre outros. Conclui-se que as professoras entrevistadas se sentem despreparadas para lidar com a inclusão da criança autista na educação infantil, pois carecem de apoio especializado e de cursos de formação continuada que contribuam para a melhoria do seu trabalho pedagógico com a criança autista.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação inclusiva. Educação Especial. Autismo. Educação Infantil.
Reinserção escolar na ótica do educando que esteve em atendimento escolar domiciliar
Authors: Amâncio Monique Gonçalves , Castro Everson Ney Hüttner
Published: December 2017

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar na ótica do aluno as percepções a cerca da reinserção escolar após o atendimento escolar domiciliar. Participaram do estudo três crianças em tratamento oncológicos, com idades variando entre sete e quatorze anos, residentes em municípios que abrangem a grande Criciúma. A presente pesquisa possui característica descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. O referencial teórico foi fundamentado nas ideias e experiências de Paterlini (2008), Fonseca (2003), Cardoso et al (2007), entre outros. Foi utilizado como técnica de coletas de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes percebem a reinserção escolar como um espaço que promove o bem-estar e a motivação, é bastante evidente nas falas das crianças o quanto elas sentem falta da escola regular, da convivência com os colegas, das atividades recreativas, da presença diária de um professor, ou seja, há uma valorização do espaço escolar de maneira positiva. A partir disso, compreende-se que há necessidade de desenvolver um trabalho interdisciplinar que possibilite desenvolver estratégias que potencializem as habilidades do sujeito e a sua readaptação ao contexto escolar.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Inclusão; Exercício domiciliar; Interações sociais; Aprendizagem.