bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured Zn-Substituted Monetite Based Material Induces Higher Bone Regeneration Than Anorganic Bovine Bone and β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Vertical Augmentation Model in Rabbit Calvaria
Authors: Benito-Garzón Lorena , Guadilla Yasmina , Díaz-Güemes Idoia , Valdivia-Gandur Iván , Manzanares María-Cristina , de Castro Arcadio García , Padilla Sussette
Published: January 2022

The capacity of a nanostructured multicomponent material composed of Zn-substituted monetite, amorphous calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and silica gel (MSi) to promote vertical bone augmentation was compared with anorganic bovine bone (ABB) and synthetic β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The relation between biological behavior and physicochemical properties of the materials was also studied. The in vivo study was conducted in a vertical bone augmentation model in rabbit calvaria for 10 weeks. Significant differences in the biological behavior of the materials were observed. MSi showed significantly higher bone regeneration (39%) than ABB and β-TCP (24%). The filled cylinder volume was similar in MSi (92%) and ABB (91%) and significantly lower in β-TCP (81%) implants. In addition, β-TCP showed the highest amount of non-osteointegrated particles (17%). MSi was superior to the control materials because it maintains the volume of the defect almost full, with the highest bone formation, the lowest number of remaining particles, which are almost fully osteointegrated and having the lowest amount of connective tissue. Besides, the bone formed was mature, with broad trabeculae, high vascularization and osteogenic activity. MSi resorbs gradually over time with an evident increment of the porosity and simultaneous colonization for vascularized new bone. In addition, the osteoinductive behavior of MSi material was evidenced.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Tumor Cell Invasion Using Au Clusters
Authors: Zhang Xiangchun , Zheng Qinqin , Wang Ziqi , Xu Chao , Han Haolei , Li Aiping , Ma Guicen , Li Jiaojiao , Lu Chengyin , Chen Hongping , Zhang Zhichao
Published: January 2022

Tumor invasion/metastasis is still the major cause of death in cancer patients. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is directly related to tumor invasion/metastasis. To accurately and quickly distinguish the risk of invasion/metastasis of primary tumor cells, it is urgent to develop a simple and precise quantitative method to distinguish the expression level of MT1-MMP. In this work, we have constructed red fluorescent Au clusters with peroxidase-like properties that could specifically bind to MT1-MMP on human cervical cancer cells. After MT1-MMP was labelled with Au clusters, we could visually see red fluorescence of MT1-MMP on cervical cancer cells via fluorescence microscopy and catalytic color imaging using an ordinary optical microscope. The constructed Au clusters contained 26 Au atoms; thus, the amount of MT1-MMP on cervical cancer cells could be accurately quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). More importantly, the invasion/metastasis capabilities of the cervical cancer Siha, Caski and Hela cells with different MT1-MMP amounts could be accurately distinguished by fluorescence/catalysis qualitative imaging and ICP-MS quantitative analysis. This method of qualitative/quantitative analysis of tumor-associated proteins on cancer cells has great potential for accurately diagnosing aggressive tumor cells and assessment of their invasion/metastasis risk.
EXAMINATION OF THE QUALITY OF NANOMATERIALS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF CIRCULATING RESOURCES IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Plehanova S. , Vinogradova N.
Published: January 2022

the advantage of the equality indicator is the relative simplicity of definition and the possibility of periodic moni-toring. According to the equality indicator, it is possible to assign repairs and predict the service life, assess the condition of the road surface. Experimental studies have proved that there is a connection between the evenness of the coating and the strength of the pavement, which opens up the possibility of determining the structural strength of non-rigid pavement, which provides a given evenness of the coating for the last year of operation be-fore major repairs. The question of assessing the impact of the unevenness of the road surface on the processes of development and accumulation of deformations, changes in the evenness of the coating during operation remain largely open. This is due to the multifactorial nature of the problem of predicting the equality of coverage, so it is advisable to use approaches based on direct measurement methods. Most of the existing models of interaction of a pneumatic or rigid wheel with a coating are designed for problems of pavement mechanics or car theory, therefore they cannot be unambiguously applied to determine the value of the dynamism coefficient. A significant disad-vantage of these solutions is insufficient consideration of the deformative properties (modulus of elasticity) of the pavement.
THE INFLUENCE OF FORCED CARBONIZATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF GYPSUM-LIME SYSTEMS BASED ON SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Bahtin Aleksandr , Lyubomirskiy Nikolay , Fedorkin S. , Bahtina Tamara , Bilenko G.
Published: January 2022

the use of secondary raw materials for the production of building materials is a modern trend in solving environmental problems. In the Republic of Crimea, dumps of secondary raw materials – phosphogypsum and lime dust – have accumulated in large quantities at various enterprises. The analysis of phosphogypsum, which has been in the dumps for more than 5 years, showed that by its quality indicators it can be attributed to the 2nd grade in accordance with GOST 4013-2019, and the specific effective activity of the material (Aeff) corresponds to the I class of materials, which makes it suitable for the production of gypsum binders. Prototypes-cylinders were made from a mixture of phosphogypsum with lime dust of 1:1 composition at a pressure of 30 MPa and then subjected to hardening according to three schemes, in order to separate the passage of various types of hardening and study each of them for the physico-mechanical properties of the resulting material. The analysis of experimental data made it possible to establish the effectiveness of simultaneous flow in the system of two types of hardening – carbonate and hydration for lime and phosphogypsum components of the raw mixture, respectively. As a result of the organization of a mixed type of hardening of gypsum-lime binder, samples with a compressive strength of 26.5 MPa and a softening coefficient of 0.63 were obtained within 90 minutes. The calcium carbonate formed in the process, which is the product of the reaction between calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, significantly increases the water resistance of the hydration products of gypsum binder. It is established that with an optimal combination of technological factors and hardening conditions, a significant increase in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the carbonized material is possible in a short time.
Green Route for Fabrication of Water-Treatable Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Hata Shinichi , Shiraishi Misaki , Yasuda Soichiro , Juhasz Gergely , Du Yukou , Shiraishi Yukihide , Toshima Naoki
Published: January 2022

Since future energy harvesting technologies require stable supply and high-efficiency energy conversion, there is an increasing demand for high-performance organic thermoelectric generators (TEGs) based on waterproof thermoelectric materials. The poor stability of n-type organic semiconductors in air and water has proved a roadblock in the development of reliable thermoelectric power generators. We developed a simple green route for preparing n-type carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by doping with cationic surfactants and fabricated films of the doped CNTs using only aqueous media. The thermoelectric properties of the CNT films were investigated in detail. The nanotubes doped using a cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC)) retained an n-doped state for at least 28 days when exposed to water and air, indicating higher stability than that for contemporary CNT-based thermoelectric materials. The wrapping of the surfactant molecules around the CNTs is responsible for blocking oxygen and water from attacking the CNT walls, thus, extending the lifetime of the n-doped state of the CNTs. We also fabricated thermoelectric power conversion modules comprising CTAC-doped (n-type) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate- (SDBS-) doped (p-type) CNTs and tested their stabilities in water. The modules retained

80
±
2.4
%

of their initial maximum output power (at a temperature difference of 75°C) after being submerged in water for 30 days, even without any sealing fills to prevent device degradation. The remarkable stability of our CNT-based modules can enable the development of reliable soft electronics for underwater applications.
A viscosity solution of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation with exponential dependence of Hamiltonian on the momentum
Authors: Shagalova Lyubov
Published: January 2022

The initial – boundary value problem is considered for the Hamilton-Jacobi of evolutionary type in the case when the state space is one-dimensional. The Hamiltonian depends on the state and momentum variables, and the dependence on the momentum variable is exponential. The problem is considered on fixed bounded time interval, and the state variable changes from a given fixed value to infinity. The initial and boundary functions are subdifferentiable. It is proved that such a problem has a continuous generalized viscosity) solution. The representative formula is given for this solution. Sufficient conditions are indicated under which the generalized solution is unique. Hamilton-Jacobi equations with an exponential dependence on the momentum variable are atypical for theory, but such equations arise in practical problems, for example, in molecular genetics.
Synchronization conditions in networks of Hindmarsh-Rose systems
Authors: Plotnikov Sergei A.
Published: January 2022

The algebraic connectivity is crucial parameter in studying of synchronization of diffusively coupled networks. This paper studies the synchronization in networks of Hindmarsh-Rose systems, which is one of the most used neuron models. It presents sufficient condition for synchronization in these networks using the Lyapunov function method. This is a simple condition which depends on the algebraic connectivity and on the parameters of the individual system. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the obtained results.
Simulation studies of beam dynamics in 50 MeV linear accelerator with laser-plasma electron gun
Authors: Polozov Sergey M. , Rashchikov Vladimir I.
Published: January 2022

Conventionally, electron guns with thermionic cathodes or field-emission cathodes are used for research or technological linear accelerators. RF-photoguns are used to provide the short electron bunches which could be used for FEL’s of compact research facilities to generate monochromatic photons. Low energy of emitted electrons is the key problem for photoguns due to high influence of Coulomb field and difficulties with the first accelerating cell simulation and construction. Contrary, plasma sources, based on the laser-plasma wakefield acceleration, have very high acceleration gradient but rather broad energy spectrum compared with conventional thermoguns or field-emission guns. The beam dynamics in the linear accelerator combines the laser-plasma electron source and conventional RF linear accelerator is discussed in this paper. Method to capture and re-accelerate the short picosecond bunch with extremely broad energy spread (up to 50 %) is presented. Numerical simulation shows that such bunches can be accelerated in RF linear accelerator to the energy of 50 MeV with output energy spread not higher than 1 % .
Valorisation of the Effects of Bioactive Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract of Ramalina Farinacea (Ramalinaceae) on the Development, Eating and Pupation Behavior of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Saadane Fatma Zohra , Boublata Nour El Imene , Habbachi Sarra , Bouzar Abir , Habbachi Wafa , Slimani Abderachid , Tahraoui Abdelkrim
Published: January 2022

Plants are rich in bioactive chemical secondary metabolites and have proven insecticidal activity by killing or repelling insects. In this work, we aim to evaluate the direct and delayed effects of ethanolic plant extracts on the vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster). The treatment was performed by ingestion on second instar larvae (L2) to evaluate the impact of the ethanolic extract on development for 15 days and subsequently on the feeding behavior of the larvae. The results of this study indicate a slowing down of pupal growth until the adult stage, at the three concentrations (0.25 µg/ml, 0.5 µg/ml, 1.5 µg/ml, 2 µg/ml) used. The results also showed that after three days of treatment, third instar D. melanogster larvae lost the ability to detect the odors of their nutrient environments. Other numbers of larvae (34 %) do not make a choice in the different tests performed. This study indicates that the ethanolic extract of Ramalina farinacea has a neurotoxic property our results confirmed the presence of toxic secondary metabolites which have bioinsecticidal activities in this extract.
Sosialisasi Edukasi dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Spiritualitas Umat pada Masa Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Aletheia Pattiasina  , Apin Manuhutu  , Feronika Lambiombir  , Denia Koritelu  , Megawati Matital  , Sadrak Wutres  , Rivaldo Mail  , Beatrix J.M. Salenussa  , Martha Patty
Published: January 2022

Pandemic COVID-19 telah membawa pengaruh besar terhadap kehidupan normal masyarakat saat ini. Ruang perjumpaan yang biasanya terjadi secara luring (di luar jaringan) berubah menjadi pertemuan daring (di dalam jaringan) karena adanya anjuran physical distancing sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mencegah penularan COVID-19 yang merupakan kebijakan pemerintah pusat maupun daerah untuk dilaksanakan dalam lini kehidupan masyarakat, bahkan kebijakan tersebut kemudian membuat sinode Gereja Protestan Maluku pun harus mengatur kebijakan pelayanan. Untuk membantu kebijakan pelayanan tersebut kelompok 1 KKN Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku yang berada di Klasis Kota Ambon, kemudian melaksanakan berbagai program kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengedukasi umat agar mengetahui dengan benar tentang COVID-19 dan bagaimana meningkatkan spiritualitas umat dalam beribadah selama masa pandemic COVID-19. Program kegiatan ini menggunakan metode pemberian edukasi dan sosialisasi terkait COVID-19 dan upaya meningkatkan spiritualitas umat.  Kegiatan ini berupaya untuk mengedukasi umat dan masyarakat tentang kesadaran menerapan 5M dan upaya meningkatkan spiritualitas umat dalam beribadah, baik secara offline dan online melalui webinar dengan menggunakan aplikasi zoom. Program kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pengadaan dan pemasangan spanduk penerapan protokol kesehatan 5M di 3 lokasi (jembatan Putih, tempat putar oto dan gereja Gloria yang baru), untuk mengedukasi anggota jemaat dan masyarakat agar sadar menerapkan protokol kesehatan 5M; Pengadaan dan pemberian Masker, sabun cuci tangan dan tissue sebanyak 13 buah sesuai jumlah sektor yang ada di Jemaat GPM Ebenhaezer yaitu 13 sektor pelayanan, dan Webinar tentang “Fenomena COVID-19 dan peningkatan spiritualitas umat” yang melibatkan beberapa jemaat di klasis kota Ambon yakni Jemaat GPM Ebenhaezer, Jemaat GPM Kategorial Polri Bukit Kasih, Jemaat GPM Bukit Doa, Jemaat GPM Syaloom, dan Jemaat GPM Imanuel. Kegiatan ini berdampak positif bagi jemaat dan masyarakat di klasis kota Ambon, terutama di Jemaat GPM Ebenheizer-Skip yang merupakan kawasan Zona Merah. Jemaat dan masyarakat menjadi lebih paham pentingnya menerapkan protokol kesehatan melalui giat 5M untuk menjaga kesehatan diri dan lebih memahami pentingnya spiritualitas umat dalam pelaksanaan ibadah dari dan di rumah di masa pandemic COVID-19 sebagai wujud mempertahankan kehidupan di tengah pandemic COVID-19.
Peran Mahasiswa Teologi UKIM dalam Program Taat Protokol Kesehatan 5M dan Vaksinasi di Jemaat GPM Rehoboth
Authors: Susi Rumthe  , Hetreda Apalem  , Lisela Rahadat  , Jeanly Hukunala  , Tasya Sinay  , Vania Tanjaya  , Ensia Wasaleruai  , Dave Stenly Nenkeula  , Aleta Apriliana Ruimassa
Published: January 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mewabah di dunia bahkan di Maluku terlebih khusus Jemaat GPM Rehoboth kurang lebih 1 tahun. Pandemi ini berdampak besar bagi berbagai aspek kehidupan warga jemaat. Namun banyak upaya yang sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah, tenaga kesehatan maupun gereja dalam memutus mata rantai penyebaran COVID-19. Upaya yang dilakukan seperti peraturan untuk mematuhi Prokes 5M. Pada survey lapangan di  sektor Sumber Kasih, Elefantin, Galilea dan Bethania ditemui bahwa masih kurangnya kesadaran warga jemaat untuk mematuhi Prokes 5M.  Selain itu upaya yang juga dilakukan adalah melakukan program vaksinasi. Pada survey awal, melalui pembagian kuesioner di sektor Sumber Kasih Jemaat GPM Rehoboth, ditemukan bahwa masih minimnya pemahaman warga tentang manfaat dari vaksin. Hal tersebut dapat kita lihat dari hasil kuesioner pertama yang mengasilkan beberapa persoalan yang membuat warga jemaat masih takut untuk divaksin, di antaranya yatu:  1). Warga jemaat mempunyai penyakit bawaan, 2). Menganggap bahwa COVID-19 bukanlah masalah yang sulit sehingga merasa tidak membutuhkan vaksin, 3) Tidak yakin akan efektivitas vaksin COVID-19, 4). masih takut akan efek samping dari vaksin. 5). warga jemaat yang percaya akan isu tentang vaksin yang mengandung chip. Berdasarkan masalah yang ada, maka edukasi yang diimplementasikan dalam sektor Sumber Kasih adalah: 1). Melakukan sosialisasi vaksin melalui pengeras suara gereja, 2). Himbauan mengikuti vaksinasi melalui audio yang diputar sebelum kebaktian melalui pengeras suara gereja, 3). Melakukan sosialisasi lewat media luar ruangan tentang taat protokol kesehatan 5M. Seperti pemasangan spanduk taat protokol kesehatan 5M. Luaran kegiatan ini telah diupload pada chanel YouTube https://youtu.be/R8i3W9G6INg.
Sosialisasi dan Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi COVID-19 serta Penerapan Disiplin Protokol Kesehatan (5M) pada Mahasiswa Sektor Petra dan Elim Jemaat GPM Rehoboth
Authors: Monike Hukubun  , Yesintha Tahalele  , Rikarson Tasidjwa  , Risty A. Hattu  , Madelin Koljaan  , Maria A. Beruat  , Indah Gracelia Tamtelahitu  , Santy Leslesy
Published: January 2022

Jemaat  Rehoboth Klasis Pulau Ambon merupakan salah satu jemaat terbesar yang berada di wilayah pelayanan Gereja Protestan Maluku (GPM). Karena memiliki lokasi yang luas sehingga pegabdian kepada masyarakat dalam rangkaian Kuliah Kerja Nyata difokuskan kepada dua sektor pelayanan yaitu Sektor Elim dan Sektor Petra yang secara administratif berada di Kelurahan Wainitu tepatnya di kompleks Talake. Dalam konteks mitra ditemukan sejumlah mahasiswa perantauan yang menetap sebagai warga kos-kosan belum mengikuti vaksinasi dan dalam kesehariannya tidak menerapkan disiplin protokoler kesehatan. Penyabab utamanya adalah pihak mitra tidak terdaftar secara resmi pada RT/RW setempat dan tidak  terdaftar secara resmi sebagai anggota Jemaat GPM Rehoboth sehingga tidak dilibatkan pada kegiatan-kegiatan jemaat. Berdasarkan persoalan mitra kelompok berinisyatif untuk membuka jejaring kerjasama dengan majelis jemaat agar melibatkan mahasiswa kos-kosan dalam kegitan vaksinasi yang nantinya akan berlangung. Serta kelompok melakukan sosialisasi dan pelaksanaan vaksinasi dan disiplin protokoler kesehatan kepada mitra. Sebagai langkah menciptakan kekebalan imunitas kelompok dan menciptakan masyarakat yang cerdas dalam menerapkan disiplin protokoler kesehatan, yang berguna dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran pandemi COVID-19.
Sarebbe meglio non litigarsi, anzi non litigare affatto. Su alcuni usi di litigare e bisticciare
Authors: De Vecchis Kevin
Published: January 2022

Raccogliamo in un’unica risposta alcuni quesiti che, seppur differenti, sono correlati tra loro: molti lettori ci chiedono se il verbo litigare possa essere usato nella forma pronominale intransitiva litigarsi; altri domandano se ciò sia possibile anche per il verbo bisticciare; altri ancora ci interrogano sul possibile uso in italiano del costrutto essere o stare + participio passato di litigare, es. noi siamo litigati o noi stiamo litigati; in ultimo, un lettore chiede se l’espressione stare a lite sia corretta.
ASSESSMENT OF PREVALENCE OF DIGITAL EYE STRAIN AMONG DIGITAL SCREEN USERS IN SETTING OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC.
Authors: Nidhi Nidhi , Sharma Ashish Kumar , Priya Priya , Kumar Prakash , Suman Shambhu
Published: January 2022

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of the increased digital device usage and its ocular
surface health implications along with circadian rhythm abnormalities related to digital eye strain during
COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A validated questionnaire was provided to all the participants and various symptoms people
experienced were analyzed. Dry eye tests were performed in all the study subjects. RESULTS: A total of 256 participants were
included of which 88.3% of subjects reported an increase in their screen time since the onset of pandemic. The average increase
in digital device usage was calculated at about 4.4 ± 1.9 h per day. The total usage per day was found to be7.85 ± 3.63 hours.
Sleep disturbances have been reported by 59.8% of participants. Typically, 93% of respondents had experienced at least one
symptom related to digital device usage, and 66.4% said that the frequency and intensity of these symptoms increased since the
pandemic started. Dry eye diagnosed clinically by Schirmer's test was present in 18.8 % of participants. CONCLUSION: The
study highlights the increase in usage of digital devices after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic leading to increase in digital
eye strain across all age groups.
A RARE CASE OF MUCINOUS CYSTADENOCARCINOMA OF LIVER PRESENTING AS HYDATID CYST
Authors: .Rajesh Moka , Nazia Shaik , Krishna Varma Angani. Sri Radha
Published: January 2022

Hepatobiliary cystadenocarcinoma is a very rare cystic tumor that arises in the liver or, less frequently, in
the extrahepatic biliary system mostly seen in elderly patients. It has been shown to arise in congenital
liver cysts, bile ducts, biliary cystadenoma, in the context of bro- polycystic disease and in the hepatoduodenal ligament. In the
present case report, we describe a case of rare entity of hepatobiliary cystadenocarcinoma presented in a 36 year old male
patient presented to opd with complaints of pain abdomen in right side of upper abdomen since 2 months. Main concern of this
case report is preoperative imaging is imprecise and frequently misdiagnosed as benign cystic lesions and delays in treatment.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEMATOXYLIN & EOSIN, SPECIAL STAINS AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY FOR DETECTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN CASES OF GASTRITIS
Authors: L. Ramasamy Umasankari. , Rajendran Manjula
Published: January 2022

Background: The role of Helicobacter Pylori in the pathogenesis of Gastritis-Peptic ulcer syndrome and
its association with the development of upper gastrointestinal tract malignancy warrant efcient method
for the identication of the bacteria in biopsy specimens. Four methods - Hematoxylin and Eosin, Giemsa, Toluidine Blue and
Immunohistochemistry were compared to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori. The prevalence of H.Pylori in gastric
biopsies was also evaluated.
Aim Of The Study: The aim is to evaluate the prevalence of H.Pylori in cases of gastritis and compare the efcacy of
Hematoxylin and Eosin, Giemsa , Toluidine blue and Immunohistochemistry for the detection of H.pylori in cases of gastritis.
Materials And Methods: This Retrospective study was done in the Department of Pathology. A total of 40 cases of gastritis were
randomly selected for this study and all the four methods were applied.
Results: Helicobacter pylori infection showed an overall prevalence rate of about 75%. When compared with
Immunohistochemistry, Sensitivity and specicity of Hematoxylin and Eosin was 66.67% and 100% respectively. Giemsa
showed sensitivity of about 86.67% and specicity of about 100%. Toluidine blue showed sensitivity of about 80% and specicity
of about 100%.
Conclusion: Hence in the present study Giemsa was more reliable and cost effective stain when compared with Hematoxylin &
Eosin, Toluidine blue and immunohistochemistry. However, Immunohistochemistry carries the highest level of sensitivity in the
detection of Helicobacter Pylori especially when the density of organism is low and in clinically suspected cases of Helicobacter
Pylori with negative Giemsa staining
EFFECT OF NEBULIZED KETAMINE AND MAGNESIUM SULPHATE ON INCIDENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE SORETHROAT – A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Kumari Vasantha Naga Seshu , Madhusudhana Ravi , K Swamy Lakshmi , GNS Sravanthi , Giriyapur Pooja
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Post-operative sorethroat(POST) following endotracheal intubation is a well-known
complication, several methods have been tried to reduce this incidence. We are comparing the effects of
nebulized ketamine & Magnesium Sulphate to reduce this.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the efcacy of nebulized ketamine and magnesium sulfate in reducing the incidence of
POST.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining Ethical clearance and patient consent, 40 Patients undergoing surgery under
general anesthesia were randomized in to two groups. Five minutes prior to the induction of anesthesia, patients were
nebulized with Group K = 1 ml of ketamine [50 mg] +4 ml normal saline, Group M = 0.5 ml of Magnesium Sulphate [250 mg]
+4.5 normal saline, and Group S – 5 ml normal saline.
RESULTS: There is moderate signicant difference between both the groups at 0 hr.
No signicant difference between two groups at 2,6,12 and 24 hrs.
CONCLUSION: Ketamineand Magnesium sulfate reduce the incidence of POST, are almost similar in their effects.
UNUSUAL ANKLE FRACTURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kumar Jha Aditya , Kumar Rahul , Baranwal A. K.
Published: January 2022

Background:- Fractures of the talus are unusual, and talar body fractures in the sagittal plane are still
rarer. Its treatment aims a crucial anatomic reduction to reimpose congruency of the ankle and decrease
the risk of avascular necrosis by conserving any remaining blood supply. We present the case of a body talar fracture in the
sagittal plane related to fracture of the medial malleolus in an adult. The mechanism of the fracture was, internal rotation,
plantar hyperexion, and axial compression. We performed an open reduction and stabilization with two screws for the talus
and screwed the medial malleolus.
Material & Methods:- We included 30 patients in this study among which a 25 years old man presented in Department Of
Orthopaedics, Mgmmch, Jamsehedpur, Jharkhand with a grossly expand and deformed right ankle. Radiographs revealed a
displaced vertical fracture of the neck of the talus traversing through the body with vertical fracture of the medial malleolus and
medial talar shift.
Results:- Fractures of the talus have a relatively little incidence accounting for 0.3% of all bone fractures and 3% to 6% of all foot
fractures.[1,2] Union of the fracture in such a case is extremely slow as it depends on a new blood supply growing into the
avascular bone.[3] Hence, the fracture needs preservation for a long time, and non-weight bearing is recommended for three
months or until the union has occurred. Malunion can produce substantial alteration in load across the ankle and subtalar
joints and result in arthrosis. The reported case should have the best prognosis as it was closed and underwent immediate
operative reduction with early signs of revascularization. After 13 months following the injury, the patient had the best range of
movement with some pain.
Conclusion:- Talar body fracture associated with ankle fracture is very rare. Still, the malleolar fracture that allows adequate
visualisation, anatomical reduction, and appropriate fracture xation can give us hope to reduce complications.
“STUDY OF ENDOMETRIAL PATHOLOGY IN ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING”
Authors: Verma Neelima , Verma Suman Lata , Shukla Divya
Published: January 2022

CONTEXT - Histopathological analysis of endometrial samples in various forms of abnormal uterine
bleeding in adjunction with clinical history of patient to identify underlying cause of bleeding. This also
helps in early diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions leading to their proper follow up and improved prognosis.
AIMS - Histopathological analysis of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding with their clinical correlation.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN -A prospective observational study
MATERIAL AND METHODS - This study was done in department of pathology, GSVM medical college, Kanpur. This was a
prospective study from year 2017-2018. A total of 300 cases were studied. Specimen received were xed in 10% formalin,
processed and sections of 3-4 micron were prepared, stained with H and E. Histopathological examination was done.
RESULTS - It was observed that the highest number of patients were between 41-50 years of age. (44.33%). Menorrhagia is the
most common symptom accounting for 135 (45%) patients followed by metrorrhagia accounting for 135 (45%) patients and
hypomenoorhea is the least common complaint. It was observed that there were signicantly higher number of patients with
proliferative phase – 68 (22.67%) and in endometrial hyperplasia 35 (33.66%) patients. The least common cause were
endometrial polyp, seen in 4 (1.33%) patients, gestational endometrium and gestational trophoblastic tumor accounted for 2 (
0.67%) patients. In patients who presented with metrorrhagia, secretory phase endometrium was the most common
histopathological nding accounting for 34.62% followed by proliferative phase. In cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 28 (80%)
cases were simple cystic type, 5 ( 14.29%) cases were of simple endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and complex endometrial
hyperplasia with atypia was found in 2(5.71%) cases. Among cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 28 (80%) cases were simple
cystic type, 5 ( 14.29%) cases were of simple endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and complex endometrial hyperplasia with
atypia was found in 2(5.71%) cases. Endometrial carcinoma is commonest complain in 51-60 years and >60 years age group.
CONCLUSION - Histopathological analysis of AUB causes helps in identifying the cause and early diagnosis of premalignant
and malignant cases.
EVALUATION OF CARDIAC SYSTOLIC FUNCTION IN ASYMPTOMATIC DIABETES PATIENTS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DURATION OF DIABETES
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Gupta Saurabh
Published: January 2022

Echocardiography is a universally availabe and economical test for detecting early LV systolic dysfunction in
normotensive and asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. This is a cross sectional study of such patients evaluating
cardiac systolic function using 2D-Echocardiography. Ejection fraction and Fractional shortening are the two most
sensitive indicators of it. Only 18% of patients had decreased LVEf and 6% showed reduced fractional shortening .
Although longer duration of diabetes was positively correlated with reduction in systolic functioning of heart. Early
identification of subclinical signs of heart failure by these noninvasive and less expensive methods may improve
outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients.
IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF NEURAL MOBILIZATION ON HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY AND FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN VADODARA
Authors: Dulera (PT) Jonshi Kiritkumar , Bhura (PT) Paras Abhesinh
Published: January 2022

Background: Hamstring muscle injuries are a common occurrence in a wide range of sprint-based sports which
accounts about 13-15% of injuries in football players. The predisposing factors for it are poor hamstring flexibility &
neural tension. Epidemiological research has cited reduced flexibility as an etiological factor in acute muscle strain
injury and can influence functional performance. To prevent hamstring muscle injury, routine traditional intervention is
used. Neural mobilization has been an emerging technique but its research on sports field is very limited. Thus, the need
of the study was to examine the immediate effect of neural mobilization on hamstring flexibility and Functional
performance using this new technique and also to prevent/decrease the risk of hamstring muscle injury. To Aim:
evaluate the immediate effect of Sciatic Neural Mobilization technique on Hamstring Flexibility and Functional
Performance among Football Players in Vadodara. Methodology: 48 Male Football Players who met the Inclusion
Criteria were recruited from Baroda Football Academy (BFA) and Swarnim Gujarat Sports University (SGSU). There was a
short session of 3 minutes warm up. The Baseline and post-intervention data collection was done in a sequential order
(Bilateral Hamstring Flexibility, Vertical jump test, Four-Line Sprint Test) in which in between Vertical jump & Four-Line
Sprint Test 5 minutes break was provided to avoid fatigue. Following 5 minutes break, Sciatic neural sliding mobilization
was given for bilateral lower limb to participants by physiotherapist. The Data were analyzed using Result: Paired t- Test,
and there was statistically significant improvement in all the three outcome measures (P = < 0.001) Conclusion: The
present study showed that sciatic neural mobilization had a Positive effect on hamstring flexibility and functional
performance among Football Players in Vadodara.
L2 and L1Trend Filtering: A Kalman Filter Approach amodification
Authors: Kheirati Roonizi Arman
Published: January 2022

$\ell_2$ and $\ell_1$ trend filtering are two of the most popular denoising algorithms that are widely used in science, engineering, and statistical signal and image processing applications. They are typically treated as separate entities, with the former as a linear time invariant (LTI) filter which is commonly used for smoothing the noisy data and detrending the time-series signals while the latter is a nonlinear filtering method suited for the estimation of piecewise-polynomial signals (\eg, piecewise-constant, piecewise-linear, piecewise-quadratic and \etc) observed in additive white Gaussian noise. In this article, we propose a Kalman filtering approach to design and implement $\ell_2$ and $\ell_1$ trend filtering % (QV and TV regularization) with the aim of teaching these two approaches and explaining their differences and similarities. Hopefully the framework presented in this article will provide a straightforward and unifying platform for understanding the basis of these two approaches. In addition, the material may be useful in lecture courses in signal and image processing, or indeed, it could be useful to introduce our colleagues in signal processing to the application of Kalman filtering in the design of $\ell_2$ and $\ell_1$ trend filtering.
Low Light Intensity and High Temperature Efficient Interdigitated Back- Surface-Contact Solar Cell with 28.81% Efficiency Rate
Authors: RAHMAN MD MAHFUZUR
Published: January 2022

Back-contact solar
cells improve optical properties by moving all electrically conducting parts to
the back of the cell. The cell's structure allows silicon solar cells to
surpass the 25% efficiency barrier and interdigitated solar cells are now the
most efficient. In this work, the fabrication of a light efficient and
temperature resistant interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cell is
investigated. This form of solar cell differs from conventional solar cell in
that the electrodes are located at the back of the cell, eliminating the need
for grids on the top, allowing the full surface area of the cell to receive
sunlight, resulting in increased efficiency. In this project, we will use
SILVACO TCAD, an optoelectronic device simulator, to construct a very thin
solar cell with dimensions of 100x250μm in 2D Luminous. The influence of
sunlight intensity and atmospheric temperature on solar cell output power is
highly essential and it has been explored in this work. The cell's optimum
performance with 150um bulk thickness provides 28.81% efficiency with 87.68%
fill factor rate making it ultra-thin, flexible and resilient providing diverse
operational capabilities.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Statistics Alignment for Deep Sleep Staging Networks
Authors: Fan Jiahao , Zhu Hangyu , Jiang Xinyu , Meng Long , Chen Chen , Fu Cong , Huan Yu , Dai Chenyun , Chen Wei
Published: January 2022

Deep sleep staging networks have reached top performance on large-scale datasets. However, these models perform poorer when training and testing on small sleep cohorts due to data inefficiency. Transferring well-trained models from large-scale datasets (source domain) to small sleep cohorts (target domain) is a promising solution but still remains challenging due to the domain-shift issue. In this work, an unsupervised domain adaptation approach, domain statistics alignment (DSA), is developed to bridge the gap between the data distribution of source and target domains. DSA adapts the source models on the target domain by modulating the domain-specific statistics of deep features stored in the Batch Normalization (BN) layers. Furthermore, we have extended DSA by introducing cross-domain statistics in each BN layer to perform DSA adaptively (AdaDSA). The proposed methods merely need the well-trained source model without access to the source data, which may be proprietary and inaccessible. DSA and AdaDSA are universally applicable to various deep sleep staging networks that have BN layers. We have validated the proposed methods by extensive experiments on two state-of-the-art deep sleep staging networks, DeepSleepNet+ and U-time. The performance was evaluated by conducting various transfer tasks on six sleep databases, including two large-scale databases, MASS and SHHS, as the source domain, four small sleep databases as the target domain. Thereinto, clinical sleep records acquired in Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, were used. The results show that both DSA and AdaDSA could significantly improve the performance of source models on target domains, providing novel insights into the domain generalization problem in sleep staging tasks.
Bokeh Effect Rendering with Vision Transformers
Authors: Nagasubramaniam Hariharan , Younes Rabih
Published: January 2022

Bokeh effect is growing to be an important feature
in photography, essentially to choose an object of interest to
be in focus with the rest of the background being blurred.
While naturally rendering this effect requires a DSLR with large diameter of aperture, with the current advancements in Deep
Learning, this effect can also be produced in mobile cameras.
Most of the existing methods use Convolutional Neural Networks
while some relying on the depth map to render this effect. In
this paper, we propose an end-to-end Vision Transformer model
for Bokeh rendering of images from monocular camera. This
architecture uses vision transformers as backbone, thus learning
from the entire image rather than just the parts from the filters
in a CNN. This property of retaining global information coupled
with initial training of the model for image restoration before
training to render the blur effect for the background, allows our
method to produce clearer images and outperform the current
state-of-the-art models on the EBB! Data set. The code to our
proposed method can be found at: https://github.com/Soester10/
Bokeh-Rendering-with-Vision-Transformers.
Common-Mode Frequency in Converter-Integrated Power Systems: Definition, Analysis, and Quantitative Evaluation
Authors: Gao Huisheng , Xin Huanhai , Huang Linbin , Li Zhiyi , Huang Wei , Wu Chen , Ju Ping
Published: January 2022

As synchronous generators (SGs) are extensively replaced by converter-based generators (CBGs), modern power systems are facing complicated frequency stability problems. Conventionally, the frequency nadir and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) are the two main factors concerned by power system operators. However, these two factors heavily rely on simulations or experiments, especially in a power system with high-penetration CBGs, which offer limited theoretical insight into how the frequency response characteristics are affected by the devices. This paper aims at filling this gap. Firstly, we derive a formulation of the global frequency for a CBG-integrated power system, referred to as common-mode frequency (CMF). The derived CMF is demonstrated to be more accurate than existing frequency definitions, e.g., the average system frequency (ASF). Then, a unified transfer function structure (UTFS) is proposed to approximate the frequency responses of different types of devices by focusing on three key parameters, which dramatically reduces the complexity of frequency analysis. On this basis, we introduce two evaluation indices, i.e., frequency drop depth coefficient (FDDC) and frequency drop slope coefficient (FDSC), to theoretically quantify the frequency nadir and the average RoCoF, respectively. Instead of relying on simulations or experiments, our method rigorously links the system’s frequency characteristics to the characteristics of heterogeneous devices, which enables an in-depth understanding regarding how devices affect the system frequency. Finally, the proposed indices are verified through simulations on a modified IEEE 39-bus test system.
Digital Immunity Module: Preventing Unwanted Encryption using Source Coding
Authors: Mahboubi Arash , Ansari Keyvan , Camtepe Seyit , Duda Jarek , Morawiecki Paweł , Pawłowski Marcin , Pieprzyk Josef
Published: January 2022

Unwanted data encryption, such as ransomware attacks, continues to be a significant cybersecurity threat. Ransomware is a preferred weapon of cybercriminals who target small to large organizations' computer systems and data centres. It is malicious software that infects a victim's computer system and encrypts all its valuable data files. The victim needs to pay a ransom, often in cryptocurrency, in return for a decryption key. Many solutions use methods, including the inspection of file signatures, runtime process behaviors, API calls, and network traffic, to detect ransomware code. However, unwanted data encryption is still a top threat. This paper presents the first immunity solution, called the digital immunity module (DIM). DIM focuses on protecting valuable business-related data files from unwanted encryption rather than detecting malicious codes or processes. We show that methods such as file entropy and fuzzy hashing can be effectively used to sense unwanted encryption on a protected file, triggering our novel source coding method to paralyze the malicious manipulation of data such as ransomware encryption. Specifically, maliciously encrypted data blocks consume exponentially larger space and longer writing time on the DIM-protected file system. As a result, DIM creates enough time for system/human intervention and forensics analysis. Unlike the existing solutions, DIM protects the data regardless of ransomware families and variants. Additionally, DIM can defend against simultaneously active multiple ransomware, including the most recent hard to detect and stop fileless ones. We tested our solution on 39 ransomware families, including the most recent ransomware attacks. DIM successfully defended our sample file dataset (1335 pdf, jpg, and tiff files) against those ransomware attacks with zero file loss.
Fast Quaternion Product Units for Learning Disentangled Representations in SO(3)
Authors: Qin Shaofei , Zhang Xuan , Xu Hongteng , Xu Yi
Published: January 2022

Real-world 3D structured data like point clouds and skeletons often can be represented as data in a 3D rotation group (denoted as $\mathbb{SO}(3)$). However, most existing neural networks are tailored for the data in the Euclidean space, which makes the 3D rotation data not closed under their algebraic operations and leads to sub-optimal performance in 3D-related learning tasks. To resolve the issues caused by the above mismatching between data and model, we propose a novel non-real neuron model called \textit{quaternion product unit} (QPU) to represent data on 3D rotation groups. The proposed QPU leverages quaternion algebra and the law of the 3D rotation group, representing 3D rotation data as quaternions and merging them via a weighted chain of Hamilton products. We demonstrate that the QPU mathematically maintains the $\mathbb{SO}(3)$ structure of the 3D rotation data during the inference process and disentangles the 3D representations into ``rotation-invariant'' features and ``rotation-equivariant'' features, respectively. Moreover, we design a fast QPU to accelerate the computation of QPU. The fast QPU applies a tree-structured data indexing process, and accordingly, leverages the power of parallel computing, which reduces the computational complexity of QPU in a single thread from $\mathcal{O}(N)$ to $\mathcal {O}(\log N)$. Taking the fast QPU as a basic module, we develop a series of quaternion neural networks (QNNs), including quaternion multi-layer perceptron (QMLP), quaternion message passing (QMP), and so on. In addition, we make the QNNs compatible with conventional real-valued neural networks and applicable for both skeletons and point clouds. Experiments on synthetic and real-world 3D tasks show that the QNNs based on our fast QPUs are superior to state-of-the-art real-valued models, especially in the scenarios requiring the robustness to random rotations.
Residual Noise Identification for PIM Measurement Systems using Variable Low-PIM Termination
Authors: Kuwata Masayoshi , Yamashita Tamon , kuga Nobuhiro
Published: January 2022

In this letter, we describe the design for the variable low-PIM termination composed of the voltage-controlled IM-source, a fixed attenuator, and a linear attenuator.

The design method for evaluating PIM-level of the fixed attenuator is presented in order not to limit the variable range of entire termination.

It is possible to maintain low-PIM performance in spite of using active voltage-controlled IM-source, whose IM level is extremely high.

This termination is used for a dynamic residual noise identification for PIM measurement systems by observing the saturation value for voltage sweep.

The validity is confirmed by experiments in 2GHz band.
Enabling Intelligence in Spectrum Sharing
Authors: Wu Chi-Jen
Published: January 2022

We argue that the capital expenditures made by an individual mobile network operator is extremely high and risky. Also, radio spectrum sharing still lacks intelligence in the current architecture of mobile networks and needs to be rethought. We propose that the goal for a disruptive innovation, in the future mobile network architecture, that shall be able to free mobile network operators from having to hold spectrum licenses and natively enable intelligent radio spectrum sharing among multiple mobile network operators. On the basis of the design principles, the duty of a single mobile network operator is split into two roles, one focuses on infrastructure development, the other only contains authorizations on the radio spectrum usage. We introduce a new role to the mobile network architecture, named Spectrum Trader, is a primary broker for spectrum trading, and it is used to coordinate with the demand-side requests and the supply-side resources to drive demand in a \emph{real-time bidding} manner. We also introduce a spectrum embedding technique that shall enable efficient and intelligent spectrum allocation by recommending the right spectrum bands based on user scenario. Finally, several significant challenges that need to be addressed in practical deployment are investigated.