bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VILLAGE LIFE EXPERIENCE AT KUMARAKOM- SECOND ARTICLE
Authors: NIHAS THANSIYA
Published: February 2020

Village life experience package is an innovative tourism product in Kerala.
Fatalistic first-order computation, free will delusion and conscious experience
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang
Published: February 2020

The first-order change is the change of the state of a physical object (or pattern) which is governed by the physical laws (or rules). The second-order change is the change of the state of a physical object (or pattern) which breaks the physical laws (or rules), so it is impossible in real world. In Conway’s Game of Life, within a pattern (pattern-A), a deterministic algorithm (algorithm-A) is used to solve a problem of the real world. (Actually, this problem will be automatically solved by the first-order change.) Inside algorithm-A, a model (model-AW) is created to represent the real world, and a second-order change can be applied to model-AW. If algorithm-A realized itself to be a deterministic algorithm inside a pattern, and realized that a second-order change is impossible to the real world, while a second-order change is possible to its model of the real world (model-AW), then algorithm-A can distinguish the real world and its model (model-AW) conceptually through this difference. The physical interactions among any number of elementary particles are governed by physical laws. If the time in our universe is discrete, our universe is a stochastic cellular automaton, and each generation is computed out based on the precedent generation and updating rules; let us call this computation the first-order computation. Conscious experience and the feeling of free will, are the results of the first-order computation; they have no impact to the first-order computation. Due to the completely subjective nature of the conscious experience, it’s impossible to reach any agreement on the nature of the conscious experience between any two individuals.
Aquaporin 4 is differentially expressed in malignant mesothelioma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2020

Malignant mesothelioma is a cancer of the mesothelial cells that is often caused by exposure to asbestos (1, 2). There are no targeted treatments available for the treatment of mesothelioma and current first-line chemotherapy provides a 7 month median overall survival (3). We studied the total transcriptome of mesothelial tumors from two groups of patients using two independent datasets (4, 5). Across both datasets, the water channel AQP1 was among the genes whose expression was most different between mesothelial tumors and normal lung and peritoneal tissues. AQP4 was expressed at significantly lower levels in tumors from patients with mesothelioma when compared to normal lung tissue. This is the first report of differential expression of AQP4 in mesotheliomas.
Metodologi Penelitian
Authors: Panjaitan Roimanson
Published: February 2020

Mahasiswa kerap mengalami sejumlah kendala saat menyusun tugas akhir, mulai dari pemilihan masalah penelitian, membangun teori, penentuan metode, teknik analisis data, hingga masalah teknis penulisan skripsi. Guna mengatasi kendala dimaksud, buku ini menawarkan 6 segmen utama, seperti: 1) Problematika PAK dan Penelitian, 2) Tinjauan Pustaka dan Teori dalam Penelitian, 3) Penelitian Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, 4) Desain Penelitian, 5) Proposal Penelitian, dan 6) Tambahan (struktur penulisan skripsi). Hadirnya buku ini sekiranya memberi “warna baru” bagi mahasiswa agar lebih objektif, analitis, dan sistematis dalam mengembangkan kerangka berpikir saat menyelesaikan tugas akhir.
Treasure or Bargain? The Influence of Mortality Salience on Possession Valuation
Authors: Liu Yuqi
Published: February 2020

The present study discusses the role of self-esteem in moderating the relationship between mortality salience and valuation of possessions. Terror Management Theory (TMT) proposes that self-esteem serves as an anxiety buffer when thoughts of death are salient and that compared to people with low self-esteem, individuals with high self-esteem are less defensive in response to mortality salience. On the other hand, studies about the mere-ownership effect suggest that people with high self-esteem extend their positive self-evaluation to the evaluation of possessions just because they own them. Thus, self-esteem affects both reactions to mortality salience and the valuation process. However, no studies have explored the effect of mortality salience on possession valuation. The present study suggests that when reminded of death, people with low self-esteem raise the minimum selling price of owned objects, while people with high self-esteem lower the price. A moderation model shows that self-esteem moderates the relationship between mortality salience and valuation of possession.
काठमाडौं उपत्यकाका ऐतिहासिक राजकुलो Kathmandu Upatyakako Aaitihasik Rajkulo
Authors: पराजुली Parajuli सन्ध्या Sandhya खनाल Khanal
Published: February 2020

मानव जीवनमा अपरिहार्य तत्वको रूपमा रहेको पानीको सहज आपूर्तिका निम्ति प्राचीन सभ्यता नदी किनारमा बसेका थिए । तर बेला बेलामा नदीमा आउने प्राकृतिक प्रकोपका कारण सुरक्षित बासस्थानमा बसी पानीको सहज आपूर्ति गर्नु चुनौती थियो, जसको परिपूर्तिका निम्ति मानिसले आफ्नै बासस्थानमा कुलो मार्पmत पानी ल्याउने काम गरे । काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा विभिन्न कालखण्डका शासकहरूद्वारा यहाँका जनतालाई खानेपानी, सिचाइँ, मत्स्यपालन आदिका निम्ति कुलोको निर्माण गरे, जुन राजकुलोको नामले प्रसिद्ध भयो । किराँतकालमै कुलो निर्माणको इतिहास शुरु भई लिच्छविकालमा तिलमक नामले विस्तार हुँदै मध्यकाल र पछिल्लाकालमा समेत राजकुलो निर्माण भइरहे । मध्यकालमा राजकुलोको निर्माणका साथै तिनको मर्मत सो कुलोको प्रयोगकर्ता स्वयं जनताले नै गर्नुपर्ने तथा नगरेमा आर्थिक दण्ड तिर्नु पर्ने व्यवस्थाका कारण लामो कालखण्डसम्म राजकुलोहरू सुरक्षित रहन सफल भए ।काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा निर्माण भएका राजकुलोहरू मध्ये प्राचीनकालमै टिका भैरवद्वारा लेलेदेखि चापागाउँसम्म निर्माण गरिएको विश्वास गरिने राजकुलो, कीर्तिपुरका पूर्वमध्यकालीन राजा शिवदेवले निर्माण गरेका, राजा प्रताप मल्लले शिवपुरीबाट हनुमानढोका दरबारसम्म ल्याएका, राजा सिद्धिनरसिंह मल्लद्वारा चापागाउँदेखि लगनखेलसम्म विस्तार गरेका तथा भक्तपुरमा राजा जितामित्र मल्लले महादेव पोखरीदेखि भक्तपुर दरबारसम्म निर्माण गरेका राजकुलोहरू प्रमुख हुन् । यी बाहेक अभिलेख तथा वंशावलीमा उल्लेख भएका कयौं राजकुलोहरू मध्ये हाल ललितपुरको लेलेदेखि लगनखेलसम्म विस्तारीत प्राचीन राजकुलो बाहेक अन्य सबै हराइसकेका छन् । ललितपुरको उक्त राजकुलो पनि पहिलेको तुलनामा अत्यन्त साघुँरिन गई जीर्ण हुनुका साथै खुमलटारमा अलपत्र अवस्थामा रहेको छ । प्राचीनकालमा जस्तै वर्तमान समयमा पानीको सुरक्षाका निम्ति राज्यद्वारा छुट्टै खटाइएका कर्मचारीको अभाव हुनु, निति निर्माणको कमी हुनु, सम्बन्धित गुठीले बेलैमा राजकुलोको संरक्षण नर्गनु, व्याँजा नकेगु, सिठि नखः जस्ता परम्परागत पर्वमा पानीका स्रोत मर्मत, जीर्णोद्वार गर्ने परम्परा हराउँदै जानु, उपत्यकामा जथाभावी सडक विस्तार हुनु तथा खेतीयोग्य जमीन मासि अव्यवस्थित संरचना निर्माण गर्नु राजकुलो एवं कुलो बिनाशका कारण हुन् । उपत्यकामा हाल सुचारू अवस्थामा रहेका जति पनि राजकुलो तथा कुलो छन्, ती इतिहासका महत्वपूर्ण सम्पदा एवं पानीका दह्रिला स्रोत हुन्, जसकोसंरक्षण कडा नितिसहित बेलैमा हुनु पर्दछ । ललितपुरमा रहेको राजकुलोको जीर्णोद्वार गरी खुमलटार देखि ललिपुरको भित्री शहरसम्म जोड्न सकिएमा उक्त राजकुलोसँग सम्बन्धित पाटनका कयौं एतिहासिक पोखरी एवं ढुङ्गेधाराहरू पुनः सुचारु हुन सम्भव छ । यसको बेलैमा जीर्णोद्वार गरी ऐतिहासिक धरोहर सुरक्षित राख्न अत्यन्त जरुरी देखिन्छ ।
दशमहाविद्या एक परिचय Dashamhabiddhya Ek Parichaya
Authors: पोखरेल Pokharel निर्मला Nirmala
Published: February 2020

नेपाली समाजको धार्मिक, सांस्कृतिक एवं सामाजिक परंपरामा वैदिक मूल्य, मान्यता र आदर्शको जति नै प्रभाव तान्त्रिक मूल्य मान्यता र आदर्शको पनि रहेको छ । यहाँ नैगमिक(वैदिक) र आगमिक(तान्त्रिक) दुवै परंपराको समन्वय भेटिन्छ । सुक्ष्मरुपमा विचार गर्दा नेपाली समाजमा तन्त्र एवं तन्त्रवादको अझ वढि प्रभाव रहेको पाईन्छ । यहाँका धार्मिक एवं सामाजिक परंपरा र रीतिरिवाजहरु आगम वा तन्त्रबाट नै बढि निर्देशित रहेका छन् । यसै परिप्रेक्षमा शाक्ततन्त्र परंपरा यहाँको प्रमुख तन्त्र परंपरामा पर्दछ । सम्पूर्ण विश्वब्रह्माण्डको परमकारणका रुपमा शक्ति अर्थात मातृदेवीलाई मानी तदनुरुप उपासना पद्धतिहरु प्रतिपादन गरिएका तन्त्रहरु शाक्ततन्त्र अन्तर्गत पर्दछन ।देवताहरुको सर्वाेच्च देवत्व शक्तिमा नै निहित भएको मानिन्छ । शिव, विष्णु लगायत अरु देवता पनि शक्तिको उपस्थिति विना क्रियाशील हुन सक्दैनन् । शक्तिले देवीदेवता र प्राणीलाई जन्म दिई शक्तिको संचार गर्ने हुनाले उनलाई स्त्रीरुपमा कल्पना गरिन्छ र आमाको स्थान दिईन्छ । शक्ति सर्वव्यापी तत्व हो र उनी व्रम्हा, बिष्णु, शिव आदिकी शक्ति भएकीले ती विश्वशक्तिको नाम भगवती पनि रहनगयो । प्राचीन समय देखि अस्तित्वमा रहेका शक्तिस्वरुपिणी देवीहरुलाई राजा गुणकामदेव (एघारौ शताव्दि)ले पुन ः प्रशिद्ध वनाएको पाईन्छ । यस्ता देवीका विभिन्न स्वरुपको उपासना गर्ने क्रममा दशमहाविद्यारुपी देवीहरुको पूजा उपासना गर्ने परंपराको व्यापकता नेपालमा मध्यकालदेखि विषेशरुपमा रहेको पाईन्छ ।
ह्योल्मो जातिको अन्त्येष्टि संस्कार Hyolmo Jatiko Antyesti Sanskar
Authors: लामा Lama प्रेम Prem ध्वज Dhwaj
Published: February 2020

नेपालमा बसोबास गर्ने विविध जाति जनजातिहरु मध्ये आदिबासी समुदायमा गणना हुने ह्योल्मो अल्पसंख्यक जाति हो । उनीहरुको मुख्य पुख्र्यौली बसोवासस्थल सिन्धुपाल्चोक जिल्लाको हेलम्बु र पाँचपोखरी गाउँपालिका हो । यीबाहेक अरु २१ जिल्लामा पनि बसोवास रहेको पाइन्छ । यो जातिको विभिन्न संस्कारहरु मध्ये अन्त्येष्टि संस्कार एक महत्वपूर्ण संस्कार हो । ह्योल्मोहरु महायानी बौद्ध धर्मावलम्वीभएकोले उनीहरुकोहरेक संस्कार महायनी बौद्ध धर्मको आधारमा रीतिथितिहरु सम्पन्न गरिन्छ । सबै प्रकारका संस्कार कार्य सम्पन्न गर्नको लागि लामाको महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका रहेको हुन्छ ।यसरी नै मृत्यु संस्कार पनि विभिन्न चरणमासम्पन्न गरिएको हुन्छ । मृत्यु संस्कार सम्पन्न गर्नको लागि गुम्बाले विशेष भूमिका खेल्दछ ।छोरीहरुले भने मृतकको अनुहार सफा गरेर तेल लगाइ दिने र जुवाइँले लास जलाउन शुरु गरेबाट अन्त्य नभएसम्म सबै रेखदेख कार्यमा भूमिका निर्वाह गर्नु पर्दछ । ह्योल्मोहरुको अन्त्येष्टि संस्कार चरणगत रुपमा सर्बप्रथम मृतकको भौतिक शरीरबाट आत्मालाई अलग गर्ने संस्कार गरिन्छ जसलाई ह्योल्मा भाषामा फोवा भनिन्छ । फोवा संस्कार सम्पन्न भएपछि दाहसंस्कार गर्नका लागि पूजापाठ गरिन्छ । दाह संस्कार गरेको तीन दिनपछि मृतकको आत्माले चीर शान्ति मिलोस् भनेर नेपार नामको संस्कार गरिन्छ । त्यसपछि सात सात दिनमा सात हप्ते मोलम पूजा गरिन्छ ।मोलम भन्नाले मृतकको आत्मा सुखावती लोकमा जाओस् भनेर गरिने पूजा हो । मृत्यु भएकोे ४९ औं दिनमा अनुष्ठान संस्कार गरिन्छ ।यस कार्यलाई घेवा भनिन्छ । मृत्यु भएको वर्ष दिनमा मृतकको सुख प्राप्तिको लागि वार्षिक पूजा गरिन्छ । यसपछि ह्योल्मोहरुको अन्त्येष्टि संस्कारको सम्पूर्ण चक्र विधिवत रुपमा सम्पन्न हुन्छ ।
बान्तावा राई संस्कारमा सुप्तुलुुङको महत्व Bantawa Rai sanskarma Suptulungko Mahatwa
Authors: राई Rai चन्द्रकुमार Chandrakumar
Published: February 2020

सुुप्तुुलुुङ (सामान्य बोलीचालीको नेपाली भाषामाचुलो) को महत्व बान्तावा राई संस्कारमा खाना पकाउने प्रविधिको रूपमा भन्दा पनि बढी आस्थागत स्थानको रूपमा रहेको पाइन्छ । उनीहरू आफ्ना पितृहरूलाई आस्थाको भगवान मान्ने गर्दछन् । बान्तवा राईहरूको विश्वासमा पितृहरू सुुप्तुुलुुङमा निवास गर्दछन् । यिनै पितृहरूले नै हरेक शुुभकार्यमा शुभआशिर्वाद प्रदान गर्दछन् भने प्रगतितर्फ उन्मुख हुन प्रेरणाको लागि साथ दिन्छन् । अन्नबाली लगाउँदा होस् वा उठाउँदा होस्, शिशुु जन्मदा होस् वा पास्नी गर्दा होस्, छेवर, गुन्यूँचोली संस्कार गर्दा होस् वा विवाह गर्दा होस् । त्यसरी नै मृत्युु संस्कार गर्दा होस् वा अन्य सांस्कृतिक कार्यहरू सम्पन्न गर्दा होस् । कुनै पनि कार्यहरू प्रारम्भ, संचालन र समापन गर्नको लागि सुुप्तुुलुुङको महत्वपूर्ण भूूमिका रहेको हुुन्छ । हरेक अवसरहरुमा सुुप्तुुलुुङमा बस्ने पितृहरूको पूजा गर्नुका साथै उनीहरूको भाग सुप्तुलुुङमा चढाउने गर्दछन् ।शिशुु जन्मेपछि सुुप्तुुलुुङमा देखाउँदै पितृहरुसँग संरक्षणको लागि प्रार्थना गरिन्छ । बाल्यसंस्कारको रुपमा गरिने पास्नीमा शिशुुलाई खाना खुुवाउन प्रारम्भ गरेको र छेवर तथा गुन्युुचोली दिन लागेको समेत पितृहरुलाई जानकारी दिइन्छ । विवाह संस्कारमा माइतीको सुप्तुुलुुङबाट छोरीलाई निकालिन्छ भने बिहे घरको सुुप्तुलुङमा बुहारीको रुपमा प्रवेश गराइन्छ । अन्त्येष्टि संस्कारमा पनि सहज मृत्युु भएकाको आत्मालाई सुुप्तुुलुुङमा प्रवेश गराइन्छ र पितृ वा भगवानको रुपमा पुुजिन्छ । दुर्घट्ना परेर मृत्युु भएकाहरुको आत्मालाई पिशाच मानिन्छ र सुुप्तुुलुुङ बाहिर स्थानमान दिइन्छ । यसरी बान्तावा राई संस्कारमा सुुप्तुुलुुङको स्थानमान र महत्व, जीवन शैलीको अपरिहार्य अंगका रुपमा स्थापित भएकोे पाइन्छ ।
Tahap Pengembangan Smart Kampung di Desa Ketapang Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Baru Vincentius Paulinus , Djunaedi Achmad , Herwangi Yori
Published: February 2020

Smart village merupakan sebuah konsep yang baru berkembang di dunia dan menjadi fenomena baru digunakan untuk menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan di desa. Desa Ketapang merupakan salah satu desa di kabupaten Banyuwangi yang telah berhasil mengadopsi konsep ini untuk dikembangkan di wilayah mereka. Dalam penerapannya berhasil digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi di desa. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menjelasakan tahapan pengembangan dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh dalam pengembangan konsep ini sehingga berhasil. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus eksploratif berbekal sedikit teori dan mengeksplorasi kasus dilapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini, tahapan perkembangan smart village terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu tahapan persiapan (2011-2015), tahapan pelaksanaan (Akhir 2015-2016), tahap pengembangan (2017-2018) dan tahap monitoring dan evaluasi. Program kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam tahap persiapan terdiri dari pembangunan infrastruktur TIK dan pengembangan aplikasi layanan, penyiapan sumber daya aparatur pemerintah dan pengembangan komunitas masyarakat.Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam tahapan pengembangan smart kampung antara lain faktor kepemimpinan, teknologi, dukungan warga dan alokasi anggaran. Abstract: Smart village is a concept that has just developed in the world and has become a new phenomenon used to solve various problems in the village. Ketapang Village is one of the villages in Banyuwangi district that has successfully adopted this concept to be developed in their area. In its implementation, it was successfully used to overcome various problems that occurred in the village. For this reason, research is needed to explain the stages of development and what factors are influential in developing this concept so that it works. This study uses a qualitative approach with explorative case study methods armed with little theory and explores cases in the field. The results of this study, the stages of development of smart village consist of four stages, namely the preparation stage (2011-2015), the implementation stage (End of 2015-2016), the development stage (2017-2018) and the monitoring and evaluation stages. Factors that influence the stages of smart village development include leadership, technology, citizen support, and budget allocations.The phases of the village smart development of Ketapang consist of the preparation stage (2011- 2015), the stage of implementation (2015-2016), the development stage (2017-2018), and the Monitoring and evaluation stage (in each year). The Program activities conducted in the preparatory phase consist of ICT infrastructure development and Service application development, government apparatus resource preparation and community development.
On Szilard Languages of Labelled Insertion Grammars
Authors: Paul Prithwineel
Published: February 2020

In this work we initiate the study of Szilard languages of labelled insertion grammars. It is well-known that there exist context-free languages which cannot be generated by any insertion grammar. We show that there exist some regular languages which cannot be Szilard language of any labelled insertion grammar. But any regular language can be given as a homomorphic image of Szilard language obtained by a labelled insertion grammar of weight 1. Also, any context-free language can be obtained as a homomorphic image of Szilard language of a labelled insertion grammar of weight 2. We show that even though insertion grammars of weight 1 can generate only context-free languages, there exists some context-sensitive language which can be obtained as Szilard language of a labelled insertion grammar of weight 1. At the end we show that any recursively enumerable language can be characterized by the homomorphic image of Szilard language obtained by a labelled insertion grammar of weight 5.
A Hybrid Protocol to Solve Authenticated Byzantine Consensus
Authors: Tioura Abdelhamid , Moumen Hamouma , Kalla Hamoudi , Ait Saidi Ahmed
Published: February 2020

The consensus is a central problem of fault-tolerant distributed computing. Unfortunately, solving such a problem is impossible in asynchronous distributed systems prone to process failures. To circumvent this impossibility (known as FLP impossibility result) in a deterministic way, on top of asynchronous distributed systems enriched with additional assumptions, several protocols have been proposed. Actually, to solve the Byzantine Consensus problem, with a deterministic manner, in systems where at most t processes may exhibit a Byzantine behavior, two approaches have been investigated. The first relies on the addition of synchrony, called Timer-Based, while the second, called Time-Free, is based on the pattern of message exchange. This paper shows that both types of assumptions are not antagonist and can be combined to solve authenticated Byzantine consensus. The combined assumption considers a correct process pi, called ⋄〈 t + 1〉-BW, and a set X of t+1 correct processes (including pi itself) such that, eventually, for each query broadcasted by a correct process pj of X, pj receives a response from pi ∈ X among the ( n – t) first responses to that query or both links connecting pi and pj are timely. Based on this combination, a simple hybrid authenticated Byzantine consensus protocol benefiting from the best of both worlds is proposed. As a matter of fact, although numerous hybrid protocols have been designed for the consensus problem in the crash model, this is, to our knowledge, the first hybrid deterministic solution to the Byzantine consensus problem.
Software engineering challenges for machine learning applications: A literature review
Authors: Kumeno Fumihiro
Published: February 2020

Machine learning techniques, especially deep learning, have achieved remarkable breakthroughs over the past decade. At present, machine learning applications are deployed in many fields. However, the outcomes of software engineering researches are not always easily utilized in the development and deployment of machine learning applications. The main reason for this difficulty is the many differences between machine learning applications and traditional information systems. Machine learning techniques are evolving rapidly, but face inherent technical and non-technical challenges that complicate their lifecycle activities. This review paper attempts to clarify the software engineering challenges for machine learning applications that either exist or potentially exist by conducting a systematic literature collection and by mapping the identified challenge topics to knowledge areas defined by the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (Swebok).
ErbB4 Mutation that Decreased NRG1-ErbB4 Signaling Involved in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Sun Lin , Cheng Baoying , Zhou Yuxun , Fan Yating , Li Wei , Qiu Qi , Fang Yuan , Xiao Shifu , Zheng Honghua , Li Xia
Published: February 2020

Background:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) includes a large spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders.

Objective:

To identify the relationship of ErbB4 mutation and ALS/FTD.

Methods:

Here, we report an atypical case of frontal variant behavioral abnormalities at the initial stage, a stable plateau stage of 5 years, and paralysis involving both upper and lower motor neurons followed by progressive cognitive dysfunction at the advanced stage. The clinical findings suggested a diagnosis of ALS/FTD, and genetic testing revealed erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 ( ErbB4) heterozygous mutation (c.2136 T>G, p.I712M), identified in an ALS pedigree previously. We modeled mutant ErbB4 protein through the SWISS-MODEL Server, and speculated on the structural change caused by the mutation. We also identified that ErbB4 (I712M) mutation led to reduced auto-phosphorylation of ErbB4 upon neuregulin-1 (NRG1) stimulation.

Results:

A functional analysis of ErbB4 mutation demonstrated an obviously decreased auto-phosphorylation of ErbB4 involving in the pathogenesis of ALS/FTD.

Conclusion:

We firstly found ErbB4 mutation to be identified in ALS/FTD.
Computational method for simultaneous inertial measuring of fluid mass flow rate and density
Authors: Zhilyaev O.V. , Kovalnogov V.N.
Published: February 2020

This work represents the decision of the problem of nonstationary one-dimensioned flow of fluid in a straight pipeline. It shows the method to generate non-stationary flow regime based on utilizing additional pipeline in which mechanical oscillations of fluid are being excited. Pressure difference along the length of oscillating fluid appears to be a measure for the density of the fluid and for its mass flow rate. The possibility of creating a new instrument for measuring the density and mass flow rate of a fluid based on results obtained is shown.
The Problem of the Unity of Christian Churches in the Works of A.Richinsky
Authors: Shevchenko Vitaliy Volodymyrovych
Published: February 2020

In the history of the Christian Church in general, and Ukraine in particular, Orthodox-Catholic relations occupy an extremely important place. The dramatic, as a fact of church and religious life, they attracted the attention of a large number of scholars of different fields of knowledge and research interests. Arsena Rychynsky, a well-known Ukrainian religious scholar whose views on the problem of unity of the Christian Church, overwhelmingly, are scientifically valid, meaningfully original and prognostically relevant. Under such a review, we would like to update some of the researcher's provisions, which directly or indirectly correlate with the uniqueness in her Ukrainian expression. To this end, we recall that, by the exact definition of I. Lysyak-Rudnytsky, Ukraine is quite rightly considered a classic country of the unified tradition. Located on the border of the two worlds, by which we understand the Orthodox East and the Catholic West, it has become the subject of influence of both the Greek (Orthodox) and Roman (Catholic) Churches, which, after all, has caused acute religious and religious events in Rus-Ukraine. inter-confessional controversy and repeated attempts at Orthodox-Catholic reconciliation, and even unification.
PSIKOTERAPI BERSAMA NABI
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Nuh
Published: February 2020

This paper talks about psychotherapy to various psychiatric disorder based on hadith. It was found that many hadith of Rasulullah saw. mentioned the solutions which can be used as therapy to heal various psychiatric disorder. It mentioned that zikr, dua and istighfar may heal hallucinating problem, depression, and ‘Gegana’. As stress can be relieved through communicating to God, stubbornness and hard-hearted also healed by seeking for God forgiveness and try to open the heart by doing full submission to Him. As reciting God’s names and calling him continuously may provide the feel of peace and secure, those who tortured by bad tempered or heartbroken may healed by fasting. If these psychotherapy taught by prophet Muhammad were applied consistently, undoubtedly, Muslims will be spared form any psychiatric disorders as mentioned.
SALAH PAHAM AL-MADAD DALAM AL-KUTŪB AL-SITTAH:
Authors: Nur Raihan  , Suliaman Ishak
Published: February 2020

The word Al-Madad in the Al-Kutub Al-Sittah is defined as help, that is, help given by Allah in the form of assistance from angels and help from living humans. However, the Habaib created a poem in the Qasidah "Madad Ya Rasulullah" which was understood as asking for help from the Messenger of Allah, and was charged with an element of shirk in it. The main objective in this study is to examine the various meanings and understandings of the word al-Madad and the concept of Al-Madad in the Al-Kutub Al-Sittah. This study also provides answers to the intentions of Al-Madad in the qasidah "Madad Ya Rasulullah" as well as looking at various controversy issues in the practice of Habaib's dhikr. To achieve these objectives, this study uses a qualitative approach methodology with data collection techniques from interviews and observations at the Habaib dhikr activities in Jakarta. The results of this study found that the word Al-Madad can only be addressed to people who are still alive and able to provide help, not to people who have died. This case became one of the issues of controversy in terms of Tawāṣul and Istighatsah. Because basically the Habaib believe that the word Al-Madad in question is the meaning of hissy or not the true meaning of asking for help from people who have died. Finally, it can be concluded that caution is needed in understanding the purpose rather than recitation of remembrance and qasidah, because it can lead to things that are contradicted shari'ah.
DEVELOPING A HUNDRED SONGS AND GAMES BOOK TO INCREASE ELT STUDENTS’ TEACHING COMPETENCY AT IAIN JEMBER
Authors: Indrayani Ninuk , Noviyanti Sari Dewi
Published: February 2020

This study aims at developing “A Hundred Songs and Games Book” for the ELT students at IAIN Jember. Considering students teaching competency is believed to be a powerful way to make students be a professional teacher in the future. One of the teacher competencies that students need to have is the ability of using creative and innovative learning material especially for the teaching of young learners. This book is the solution for the references deficiency of English songs and games for the teaching of young learners. That is why this research is done through the development of a book which is based on the needs of sources to make an effective and enjoyable learning process. This research is developed by the use of Design and Development (DD) model. The data obtained from the experts judgment evaluation result, which is available of the expert judgment checklist. All data are both analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using mean score and Alpha Cronbach formula. The study categorized as a succeed study since the developed material met the criteria of a suitable learning material and supported by good statistical result.
Using Top and Tail Game to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Permatasari Yovita Dyah
Published: February 2020

The aimed of this study was to show the empirical evidence about the improvement of the students’ vocabulary mastery through Top and Tail Game at the eighth grade students of MTs Negeri 1 Sumberbaru in 2018/2019 academic year. The subject of this study was VIII students of MTs Negeri 1 Sumberbaru. The research method is used classroom action research (CAR) which follows the design of Kurt Lewin. This research was conducted in two cycles. This research was carried out for one month. Techniques of data collection were interviews, observation, and test. The findings of the research showed that, the firs cycle has not achieved the criteria of success, which is the mean of 70. It was reflected that the students’ response were not observable yet when being taught by using Top and Tail Game as a new media in vocabulary. Moreover, the teacher has difficulties in teaching vocabulary by using Top and Tail Game. In the second cycle, the criteria of success was achieved. The result of this study was the implementation of learning English vocabulary through top and tail game has increased. Based on the result, it can be concluded that using top and tail game at the eighth grade students of MTs Negeri 1 Sumberbaru can improve students’ vocabulary mastery. The result of this research shows that there is an improvement in students’ vocabulary mastery.
Quality and Energy Aware Services Selection for IOT
Authors: Kamatham Naresh Teja
Published: February 2020

In recent years, Internet of Things (IoT) has received massive attention from research and industry. Integrating and composing smart objects functionalities or their services is required to create and promote more complex IoT applications with advanced featuresIn a large scale IOT environment, but the composition of thousands of entities becomes a crucial issue. In this paper, an EQSA algorithm is proposed for service composition. The proposed selection approach consists in the quality of the services in view of the satisfaction of the user through the use of a lexicographical optimization technique. In order to increase the energy conservation without decreasing the user's preferences, a most suitable service is selected among the pre candidate service ones are then Selected using the concept of relative dominance of services in the sense of Pareto. The relative dominance concept mainly depends on the energy profile and QoS attributes and users preferences.
Effectiveness of bubble continuous positive airway pressure as a primary mode of respiratory support in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome at district level tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ajmera Sudhakar , Chettipally Varunasree , Guduru Vijay Kumar
Published: February 2020

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has become a useful modality in the management of respiratory distress in preterm babies. CPAP when applied to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is associated with benefits in terms of reduced respiratory failure and reduced mortality. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the efficacy of bubble CPAP in preterm neonates with RDS requiring respiratory support and to study the risk factors associated with its failure. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 243 preterm neonates (gestational age [GA] 28 to ?37 weeks) with a diagnosis of RDS admitted from January 2016 to November 2017. All the eligible preterm neonates were started on bubble CPAP with binasal prongs. Surfactant was administered when indicated. Results: A total of 243 preterm neonates were enrolled in this study with a mean GA of 32.40 weeks and birth weight of 1831.49 g. One hundred and fifty-one (62.1%) were male and 92 (37.9%) were female. The mean age of starting of CPAP was 13.44 h of life and antenatal steroid coverage was 3.2% only. Of the 243 neonates, 195 neonates were successfully weaned off CPAP. Among the 48 neonates who failed CPAP, 27 neonates were ventilated, of which 20 (74.1%) survived. The predictors of CPAP failure were GA <32 weeks, birth weight <1.5 kg, and delayed initiation of CPAP. Conclusion: The efficacy of CPAP in neonates with mild-to-moderate RDS in preterm neonates is very well demonstrated despite the low usage of antenatal steroids, surfactant, and delayed initiation of CPAP. Extreme preterm, very low birth weight neonates with severe RDS on chest X-ray are at risk of failure of CPAP.
Steadily Cubic
Authors: Krkač Kristijan
Published: February 2020

In the paper, the author analyzes and compares cube examples in Wittgenstein’s works, especially the cube from TLP (TLP 1974 5.5432) and the cube from PPF (ex PI II) (PPF 2009 116). There is no direct evidence that the PPF–cube is a reaction to the “grave mistake” of the TLP–cube. Also, there is no evidence that the TLP–cube is a representation of the Necker’s cube (1832), although it resembles the Jastrow’s cube (1900). These are negative results. Both cubes present important ideas of TLP and PPF (PI). Also, Wittgenstein writes that he “purposely chose” the example of the cube in PI and PPF, perhaps to show one of the “grave mistakes” of the TLP–cube. By analysis of the Necker’s cube and comparison of drawings and accompanied text of the TLP–cube and the PPF–cube the author tries to explicate some possible implicit pictorial aspects of Wittgenstein’s thought and of the general nature philosophical thinking as pictorial.
(Re-)founding Italy
Authors: Carlà-Uhink Filippo
Published: February 2020

The Social War (91-88 BCE) is one of the most significant episodes in Roman history: from this war, in which Rome fought against her Italic allies, emerged the elite that would lead the Republic in the last decades of its existence and that would provide the senatorial aristocracy of the early imperial age. The Italic rebels were defeated militarily, yet they achieved their political aims. As such, this war – and its elaboration and memorialization in Roman cultural memory – provides a very interesting case study about how "victory" and "defeat" are constructed discursively after a disruptive war, and how its narration is "functionalized" for a re-foundation of the civic body.
The Venetian takeover of the Margraviate of Istria (1411–1421)
Authors: Banić Josip
Published: February 2020

The paper analyzes the incorporation of the Aquileian Margraviate of Istria into the expanding Venetian state in the first half of the fifteenth century. By analyzing this modality of a passage and comparing it to the integration formulae Venice employed in the rest of the Patriarchate of Aquileia, the author uncovers similarities and contrasts between the two models of incorporation. It is argued that Aquileian communities in Istria underwent a remodeling of communal institutions in order to mirror the salient administrative aspects of other Venetian subject centers on the Peninsula. This process, dubbed regional homogenization, did not take place throughout Aquileian Friuli. Finally, the paper deals with instances of negotiations between the newly annexed Istrian communities and the central government in Venice, demonstrating that this interplay resulted in re-negotiated governmental hierarchies that benefitted both the state’s capital and the subject centers.
Problems of land reclamation of the Leningrad region
Authors: Chesnokov Yuriy , Yanko Yuri
Published: February 2020

Data on agricultural drained land of Leningrad region under multiple excess of mean annual rainfall are presented. Variables and factors aff ecting air and water regime of guaranteed lifeexpired drained areas are provided. A method of remote sensing of technical conditions of drainage systems is off ered.
Погляди академіка В. В. Копєйчикова щодо імплементації Європейської хартії місцевого самоврядування в українське законодавство
Authors: Фатхутдінов В. Г. , Капічон О. Г.
Published: February 2020

Стаття присвячена українському правознавцю, доктору юридичних наук, професору, академіку В. В. Копєйчикову. Проаналізовано його погляди та ідеї щодо вдосконалення законодавства України в частині місцевого самоврядування. Висвітлюється актуальність праць ученого стосовно європейських стандартів створення правового поля в державі. Особлива увага акцентується на ратифікації Україною Європейської хартії місцевого самоврядування і її впливу на розвиток законодавства країни в частині муніципальної влади.
Методологічні підходи до історико-правового дослідження проблем виконання покарання у вигляді позбавлення волі
Authors: Шевченко А. Є. , Биба Ю. В.
Published: February 2020

У статті розглядаються методологічні підходи історико-правового дослідження проблем виконання покарань у вигляді позбавлення волі, досліджуються їх особливості та значення для установ виконання покарань Міністерства юстиції України. Наведені висновки методологічних підходів історико-правового дослідження до проблем виконання покарань у вигляді позбавлення волі.
Гносеологічна природа тлумачення правових норм
Authors: Антошкіна В. К.
Published: February 2020

Розглянуті базисні герменевтичні основи, які використовуються правничою наукою. Досліджено філософсько-методологічні основи тлумачення як різновиду пізнання, а також основні властивості процесу тлумачення правових норм як процесу мислення. Проаналізовано філософські традиції і підходи щодо розуміння сутності суб’єктнооб’єктних стосунків та гносеологічної природи тлумачення правових норм. Визначено тлумачення норм права як складне, комплексне явище, яке варто розглядати в двох аспектах: з’ясування змісту норми і його пояснення та роз’яснення. Проаналізовано процес з’ясування та дослідження правової норми в процесі інтерпретації з гносеологічного аспекту.
Asset Growth on Sharia Insurance
Authors: Warsani Purnama Sari
Published: February 2020

Examining the Premium Income Rate on Asset Growth in a Sharia Insurance Company registered with the Indonesian Financial Services Authority. The type of research used in this study is Comparative Causal, while the sample used in this study are 20 sharia insurance companies with the criteria of sharia insurance companies that are actively operating for the last three years. The results of this study indicate that the level of premium income positively and significantly affect the growth of asset Asuransi Syariah. This study is concerned with the level of premium income that affects the growth of Sharia Insurance assets in Indonesia.
Representación gráfica de la cultura andina
Authors: Ramos Jiménez Rosa Belén , Rivera Abarca Ana Lucía , Aguilar Cajas Héctor Oswaldo , Vergara Zurita Heidy Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio pretende representar gráficamente la cultura andina más allá de lo estético, usando como recursos los principales signos visuales implícitos en la gráfica heredada de las sociedades precolombinas, especialmente de la andina para lograr su aproximación en la gráfica actual.  Bajo este concepto, se realizó un análisis del pensamiento andino para entender el simbolismo y por lo tanto su relación con el contexto social. La composición, donde se comprueba el uso del sistema proporcional andino, estructuras compositivas y elementos esquemáticos, los mismos que serán usados como recursos en la creación de las nuevas representaciones. Finalmente, la estética, en donde se revela la concepción de la forma, que se usará como elemento gráfico- plástico determinante en la construcción de la gráfica.  Al integrar estos elementos se logró representar través de ilustraciones varios signos de la cultura andina, logrando un mimetismo entre el presente y el pasado. Se estima que los resultados del análisis gráfico de las piezas creadas para esta investigación, pueden constituir fuente útil para diseñadores, ilustradores y artistas gráficos, incluyendo la posibilidad de servir como base de futuras propuestas gráficas que amplíen esta investigación.
Evaluación del predio forestal San Vicente con fines de manejo y conservación ubicado en el cantón guano, Ecuador
Authors: Chamorro Sevilla Hernán Eriberto , Urquizo Buenaño Gladys Janneth , Cushpa Guamán Ana Lucila , Lara Vásconez David Francisco
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación se basa en la ordenación de los rodales que integran el predio forestal San Vicente, y es complementada por la descripción de su situación actual y el cálculo de indicadores dasométricos. Estos fueron componentes requeridos para la generación de estrategias de manejo técnico, mediante la aplicación del muestreo sistemático al instalar parcelas circulares de 250 m2 para el rodal uno, el censo al rodal 2 y el muestreo exploratorio a los rodales 3, 4 y 5. Según los resultados, el predio San Vicente está caracterizado por un rodal formado por cinco bloques de árboles de Pinus radiata, el rodal dos por árboles de Cupressus macrocarpa, el rodal 3 consta de dos bloques de Eucalyptus globulus en estado latizal bajo, el rodal cuatro o zona  de  conservación formado por especies arbóreas, arbustivas y herbáceas  y un quinto rodal o zona aprovechada. De acuerdo a lo expuesto, se propone aplicar raleo a una intensidad del 20 al 30% para los bloques del rodal uno, actividad de poda a los árboles de Cupresus macrocarpa del rodal dos, el rodal 3 requiere un manejo gradual de los árboles de Eucalyptus globulus en estado de latizal bajo; con fines de madera aserrada y postes se podría dejar entre 1-3 rebrotes por tocón, y para combustible (leña) un número mayor a tres; el rodal cuatro, se dejará como está y que los factores del sitio incidan hasta el próximo monitoreo entre 2-4 años. Finalmente, para el rodal cinco, se plantea reforestar con el uso de plántulas de Pinus radiata a un distanciamiento de 3m x 3 m a fin de establecer nuevamente el sistema de uso del suelo, propiciando la generación de beneficios ecológicos, económicos y sociales al aplicar criterios de manejo sustentable para la gestión de los recursos forestales del predio evaluado.
Topographical Distribution of Carcinoma Larynx
Authors: Selim Md Shahjad , Islam Md Mozharul , Rahim Md Manjur , Zafar Md Hasan , Asad Md Khalid , Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: February 2020

The larynx is the most common site for primary tumour of the head and neck region. It represents world wide approximately 1-2% of all cancers. A cross sectional study of 154 cases of laryngeal carcinoma was carried out in the in-patient department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College during the period of two years with an aim to find out the frequency of site and subsite involvement of carcinoma of the larynx. The age range is 33-80 years and the over all male to female ratio is 29.8:1. Smoking and chewing habit are the most important associated factors. Majority of growths are found to be exophytic and most of the patients present at advanced stage. The commonest site of laryngeal carcinoma is supraglottic region and occurrence of supraglottic carcinoma than glottic carcinoma is statistically highly significant.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 56-61
Hypocalcaemia after Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Islam Md Zahirul , Khan AF Mohiuddin , Fattah Shaikh Nurul , Lodh Dipankar , Islam Mohammad Nazrul , Ghosh Uzzal Chandra
Published: February 2020

Objective: To determine whether postoperative hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy is more frequent in malignant disease than benign disease.
Methods: This is a Cross sectional study. The sample size is 126. All the patients were selected according to the eligibility criteria by purposive sampling. Patients were analyzed for age, gender, thyroid pathology, preoperative serum calcium, postoperative serum calcium.
Results: Postoperative hypocalcemia was found in 37 (29.37%) patients. Most patients were female (Male: Female= 1: 4.2). Patients having low preoperative serum calcium had developed more postoperative hypocalcemia (p<0.03). Postoperative hypocalcemia was associated with thyroid pathology (p<0.009) and age (p<0.006), not associated with sex (p<0.907). In multivariate analysis very little association between malignant disease and postoperative hypocalcemia was found (p<0.07).
Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy is 29.4% that is higher than the anticipated but is comparable to other published series. For total thyroidectomy surgeons should be aware of postoperative hypocalcemia but prophylactic calcium and vitamin D supplement is not mandatory in all cases.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2019; 25(1): 19-27
LA LENGUA EN EL PATRIMONIO
Authors: Oswaldo Encalada-Vásquez
Published: February 2020

El presente acercamiento a la lengua popular –sobre todo en el ámbito andino del Ecuador- intenta centrarse en dos áreas específicas de la expresión:áreas específicas de la expresión:

Los mecanismos para la construcción de los apreciativos (aumentativos, diminutivos y despectivos) y los superlativos.

Un análisis somero del léxico referente a la anatomía, con lo que se desea poner de manifiesto que existen iguales fórmulas retóricas usadas por lenguas diferentes para la designación de las parte del cuerpo.

Palabras clave: Lengua popular, patrimonio lingüístico, apreciativos, superlativos, anatomía popular.

AbstractThe present approach towards popular language – most of all in the Andean area of Ecuador – focuses on two specific areas of expression:

The mechanisms used for the construction of appreciative morphemes (augmentatives, diminutives and pejoratives) and superlatives.

A superficial analysis of anatomy lexicon, which presents similar rhetorical formulas used by different languages for the naming of body parts

Keywords: Popular language, linguistic heritage, appreciative morphemes, superlatives, popular anatomy.
Simulation-based training in VET through the lens of a sociomaterial perspective
Authors: Nyström Sofia , Ahn Song-ee
Published: February 2020

This article aims to review the pedagogical research on simulation training in voca-tional education and training (VET) and to discuss the emerging teaching practice from a socio-material perspective on learning and practice. Literature reviews on research into simulation training with pedagogical interests show that there are three main themes: 1) the effect of technology-enhanced simulation training, 2) the fidelity and authenticity of simulation and learning, and 3) pedagogical consideration and under-pinnings. The article draws on a sociomaterial perspective on learning and practice to problematise and discuss the findings of previous research. This theoretical perspec-tive makes it possible to discuss how technology, educational practice and social rela-tions are intertwined and precondition each other. Through the lens of sociomaterial theory, the article discusses how the introduction of the new technologies brings about changes and expectations of what can be learned, how the teaching practices are enacted and how this affects the relationship between teachers and students.
Pediatric Flatfeet—A Disease Entity That Demands Greater Attention and Treatment
Authors: Bresnahan Philip J. , Juanto Mario A.
Published: February 2020

Background:Pediatric flatfoot is a common deformity. Unfortunately, the common opinion has been that most children with this faulty foot structure will simply out-grow it, despite no radiographic evidence to support this claim. Every step on a deformed foot leads to excessive tissue strain and further joint damage. Many forms of conservative and surgical treatments have been offered. This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of non-surgical and surgical treatment options.

Main Text:faulty-foot structure is the leading cause of many secondary orthopedic deformities. A wide range of treatments for pediatric flatfeet have been recommended from the “do-nothing” approach, observation, to irreversible reconstructive surgery. Most forms of conservative care lack evidence of osseous realignment and stability. A conservative surgical option of extra-osseous talotarsal joint stabilization provides patients an effective form of treatment without the complications associated with other irreversible surgical procedures.

Conclusion:Pediatric flatfeet should not be ignored or downplayed. The sooner effective treatment is prescribed, the less damage will occur to other parts of the body. When possible, a more conservative corrective procedure should be performed prior to irreversible, joint destructive options.