bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent–Magnetic Hybrid Nanoparticles Induce a Dose‐Dependent Increase in Proinflammatory Response in Lung Cells in vitro Correlated with Intracellular Localization
Authors: Lehmann Andrea D. , Parak Wolfgang J. , Zhang Feng , Ali Zulqurnain , Röcker Carlheinz , Nienhaus G. Ulrich , Gehr Peter , Rothen‐Rutishauser Barbara
Published: March 2010

Iron–platinum nanoparticles embedded in a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) polymer shell and fluorescently labeled with the dye ATTO 590 (FePt–PMA–ATTO‐2%) are investigated in terms of their intracellular localization in lung cells and potential to induce a proinflammatory response dependent on concentration and incubation time. A gold core coated with the same polymer shell (Au–PMA–ATTO‐2%) is also included. Using laser scanning and electron microscopy techniques, it is shown that the FePt–PMA–ATTO‐2% particles penetrate all three types of cell investigated but to a higher extent in macrophages and dendritic cells than epithelial cells. In both cell types of the defense system but not in epithelial cells, a particle‐dose‐dependent increase of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is found. By comparing the different nanoparticles and the mere polymer shell, it is shown that the cores combined with the shells are responsible for the induction of proinflammatory effects and not the shells alone. It is concluded that the uptake behavior and the proinflammatory response upon particle exposure are dependent on the time, cell type, and cell culture.
Characterization of Peptide‐Nanostructure‐Modified Electrodes and Their Application for Ultrasensitive Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Adler‐Abramovich Lihi , Badihi‐Mossberg Michal , Gazit Ehud , Rishpon Judith
Published: March 2010

Dense arrays of self‐assembled nanostructures are highly important for the fabrication of high‐performance sensors of large surface area. The organized incorporation of novel biocompatible organic nanostructures into extremely sensitive amperometric biosensors is demonstrated. Peptide nanoforest biosensors for phenol detection were 17‐fold more sensitive than uncoated electrode and more sensitive than those modified with carbon nanotubes or combined coating. The high sensitivity reported, together with the biocompatibility and the ability to chemically and biologically modify these elements, may provide a novel platform for biosensors design and fabrication for environmental monitoring, homeland security, and other applications.
Preserving the future from the demands of the present
Authors: Ardaiolo Frank P.
Published: March 2010

This chapter offers a case study of how one institution has implemented budget reductions. Using a narrative approach, the vice president for student life reviews the issues faced and the processes used to implement the changes.
Effect of antihypertensive therapy with α‐methyldopa on uterine artery Doppler in pregnancies with hypertensive disorders
Authors: Khalil A. , Harrington K. , Muttukrishna S. , Jauniaux E.
Published: March 2010

Objectives

Antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure by direct vascular effects or central vasodilatory mechanisms. Their effect on uterine artery Doppler resistance indices in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of antihypertensive therapy with α‐methyldopa on maternal uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) in women presenting with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study of 51 women with pre‐eclampsia, 29 with gestational hypertension and 80 matched normotensive controls. Uterine artery PI and RI were measured at recruitment (between 24 and 40 weeks' gestation) and, in the hypertensive groups, 24–48 h after starting α‐methyldopa. Differences between mild and severe, and between early‐ and late‐onset pre‐eclampsia were compared using the Mann–Whitney test. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare measurements before and after treatment.

Results

Prior to treatment, uterine artery PI and RI were significantly higher in women with pre‐eclampsia compared with those with gestational hypertension and controls (P < 0.0001). The median uterine artery PI multiple of the median (MoM) was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in early‐onset than in late‐onset pre‐eclampsia (1.83 (range, 0.88–3.65) vs. 1.19 (range, 0.91–1.72)) and in severe compared with mild disease (2.26 (range, 2.02–3.65) vs. 1.29 (range, 0.88–2.9)). Uterine artery PI‐ and RI‐MoMs in both pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension, before and after 34 weeks' gestation, were not affected by α‐methyldopa treatment.

Conclusions

Antihypertensive therapy using α‐methyldopa in women presenting with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has no significant effect on uterine artery resistance to blood flow, suggesting that it does not impair uteroplacental circulation in these cases. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of tissue harmonic imaging on measurement of nuchal translucency thickness
Authors: Pasquini L. , Tondi F. , Rizzello F. , Pontello V. , Paoletti E. , Fontanarosa M.
Published: March 2010

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of tissue harmonic imaging (THI) on the measurement of fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT).

Methods

One‐hundred and three pregnant women underwent first‐trimester NT measurement according to The Fetal Medicine Foundation criteria. NT was evaluated using conventional ultrasonography (CUS) and THI without modifying any other ultrasound parameter (e.g. gain). For each patient three images with CUS and three images with THI were stored and then measured independently on the ultrasound system by two different operators. The maximum measurements using CUS and THI were compared. Differences between the values of CUS and THI NT measurements were tested using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Bland–Altman plots were constructed, and intraobserver and interobserver variabilities were assessed by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient. Probability values of < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results

Mean maternal age was 32.8 (range, 20–42) years, mean gestational age at examination was 12 + 1 (11 + 0 to 13 + 6) weeks and mean crown–rump length (CRL) was 55.8 (SD, 7.2) mm. Median fetal NT was 1.4 (0.8–3.5) mm using CUS and 1.2 (0.6–3.3) mm using THI (P < 0.001) for the first operator. A second operator remeasured the first 51 cases: median fetal NT was 1.4 (0.8–3.8) mm using CUS and 1.1 (0.6–3.1) mm using THI (P < 0.001). Fetal NT measurements were above the expected median value according to CRL in 49 cases (47.6%) using CUS and in only 24 cases (23.3%) using THI.

Conclusions

THI leads to a small, but significant, reduction of the NT measurement and this could reduce the sensitivity of screening for Down syndrome. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degree of cervical shortening after initial induction of labor as a predictor of subsequent successful induction
Authors: Kang W. S. , Park K. H. , Kim S. N. , Shin D. M. , Hong J.‐S. , Jung H. J.
Published: March 2010

Objective

To evaluate whether the degree of cervical length shortening is valuable in predicting the success of serial induction of labor on the second day in women in whom it failed on the first day, and to compare its performance with that of cervical length.

Methods

This was a prospective observational study. We enrolled 92 consecutive women with singleton gestations at > 34.0 weeks' gestation who failed labor induction on the first day of serial induction. Transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length and determination of the Bishop score were undertaken before performing each labor induction on the first and second days.

Results

The overall success rate of labor induction performed on the second day was 65% (60/92). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the degree of cervical length shortening and cervical length were significantly associated with the successful induction of labor after adjustment for body mass index, parity, use of prostaglandin and Bishop score. There were no significant differences between areas under the ROC curves for degree of cervical length shortening and cervical length.

Conclusions

The degree of cervical length shortening is valuable in predicting the success of induction of labor on the second day in women in whom induction failed on the first day. However, compared with sonographic cervical length it is no better at predicting the success of subsequent induction of labor. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
White matter microstructure in 22q11 deletion syndrome: a pilot diffusion tensor imaging and voxel-based morphometry study of children and adolescents
Authors: Sundram Frederick , Campbell Linda E. , Azuma Rayna , Daly Eileen , Bloemen Oswald J. N. , Barker Gareth J. , Chitnis Xavier , Jones Derek K. , van Amelsvoort Therese , Murphy Kieran C. , Murphy Declan G. M.
Published: March 2010

Young people with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) are at substantial risk for developing psychosis and have significant differences in white matter (WM) volume. However, there are few in vivo studies of both WM microstructural integrity (as measured using Diffusion Tensor (DT)-MRI) and WM volume in the same individual. We used DT-MRI and structural MRI (sMRI) with voxel based morphometry (VBM) to compare, respectively, the fractional anisotropy (FA) and WM volume of 11 children and adolescents with 22q11DS and 12 controls. Also, within 22q11DS we related differences in WM to severity of schizotypy, and polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. People with 22q11DS had significantly lower FA in inter-hemispheric and brainstem and frontal, parietal and temporal lobe regions after covarying for IQ. Significant WM volumetric increases were found in the internal capsule, anterior brainstem and frontal and occipital lobes. There was a significant negative correlation between increased schizotypy scores and reduced WM FA in the right posterior limb of internal capsule and the right body and left splenium of corpus callosum. Finally, the Val allele of COMT was associated with a significant reduction in both FA and volume of WM in the frontal lobes, cingulum and corpus callosum. Young people with 22q11DS have significant differences in both WM microstructure and volume. Also, there is preliminary evidence that within 22q11DS, some regional differences in FA are associated with allelic variation in COMT and may perhaps also be associated with schizotypy.
An Effective Process for Making Decisions About Major Operating Room Purchases
Authors: Pennington Carol , DeRienzo Nancy Ruby
Published: March 2010

In today's economy, it is imperative that nurses exhibit stewardship for their organization's resources and help ensure that purchasing decisions are sound. Regardless of the decision‐making method chosen, a formal, consistent review process that evaluates cost, compares products, examines implications, analyzes risk, uses evidence, and includes safety and outcome measures is vital to success. Clinical Quality Value Analysis (CQVA) is a product evaluation platform that can be used to determine whether a proposed product or service will add value to the organization as well as improve patient outcomes. Using CQVA for a proposed product or service is a five‐step process: assess, plan, design, implement, and measure/sustain.
Handbook of Nurse Anesthesia
Authors: Stannard Daphne
Published: March 2010

Handbook of Nurse Anesthesia John J. Nagelhout, Karen L. Plaus 4th edition 2010, Elsevier Mosby Saunders 840 pages, $59.95 softcover
Malignant Hyperthermia
Authors: Tuthill Nancy
Published: March 2010

Malignant Hyperthermia Ciné‐Med producer 2009, $120 AORN members, $240 nonmembers
Statistical Analysis for Decision Makers in Health Care
Authors: Nelson Jason
Published: March 2010

Statistical Analysis for Decision Makers in Health Care Jeffrey C. Bauer 2nd edition 2009, Productivity Press 160 pages, $49.95 softcover
Heroic Acts in Humble Shoes: America's Nurses Tell Their Stories
Authors: Castelluccio Donna
Published: March 2010

Heroic Acts in Humble Shoes: America's Nurses Tell Their Stories Irene Stemler 2009, SLACK, Inc 200 pages, $21.95 softcover
The Role of the Medical Science Liaison in Industry
Authors: Baker Donna L.
Published: March 2010

Health care vendors (ie, industry) can be credited with developing products and medications that improve perioperative clinician and patient safety. The role of the medical science liaison in industry is to provide education about these products and facilitate research partnerships between clinicians and industry that can result in new products and innovations.
The structure of Get4 reveals an α‐solenoid fold adapted for multiple interactions in tail‐anchored protein biogenesis
Authors: Bozkurt Gunes , Wild Klemens , Amlacher Stefan , Hurt Ed , Dobberstein Bernhard , Sinning Irmgard
Published: March 2010

Tail‐anchored proteins play important roles in protein translocation, membrane fusion and apoptosis. They are targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane via the guided‐entry of tail‐anchored proteins (Get) pathway. We present the 2 Å crystal structure of Get4 which participates in early steps of the Get pathway. The structure shows an α‐solenoid fold with particular deviations from the regular pairwise arrangement of α‐helices. A conserved hydrophobic groove accommodates the flexible C‐terminal region in trans. The structural organization of the Get4 helical hairpin motifs provides a scaffold for protein–protein interactions in the Get pathway.
Localised Microsphaeropsis Arundinis Infection of the Subcutis of a Cat
Authors: Krockenberger Mark B , Martin Patricia , Halliday Catriona , Rothwell Terry L W , Clarke Kelvin , Malik Richard
Published: March 2010

Clinical presentation and diagnosis An 11-year-old spayed domestic crossbred cat was presented for two focal lesions affecting the subcutis that developed 3 weeks after a cat fight. Lesions consisted of swelling of the subcutaneous tissues over the bridge of the nose and a focal swelling of the dewclaw pad of the left thoracic limb. Both lesions were attributable to localised infections with the unusual fungal pathogen Microsphaeropsis arundinis, based on direct microscopy of smear cytology, histology, fungal culture, internal transcribed spacer-polymerase chain reaction (ITS-PCR) and sequence analysis of formalin-fixed tissue and colonial material from primary culture.

Treatment The dewclaw pad lesion resolved following cytoreductive surgery and a course of itraconazole (50 mg once daily). The nasal bridge lesion was treated in a similar fashion, except that a range of different antifungal agents (itraconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole) were used, administered sequentially. Despite this, the infection recurred on three subsequent occasions, and the cat has been prescribed indefinite azole therapy.

Practical relevance This report of a refractory localised infection of the subcutis in an apparently immune-competent cat illustrates the value of using a mycology reference laboratory, and PCR and sequence analysis for organism identification, and the therapeutic potential of new antifungal agents such as posaconazole.
Acquired Motor Neuron Loss Causing Severe Pelvic Limb Contractures in a Young Cat
Authors: Rohdin Cecilia , Karlstam Erika , Jäderlund Karin Hultin , Shelton G Diane
Published: March 2010

Presentation This report describes a kitten with paraplegia and extensor rigidity of the pelvic limbs associated with motor neuron loss and chronic denervation of skeletal muscle. Persistent skeletal muscle atrophy and degeneration had resulted in immobile stifle and hock joints and severe pelvic limb rigidity consistent with a neurogenic form of arthrogryposis. Both pelvic limbs were equally affected and the kitten showed no signs of pain.

Investigations Electromyography identified spontaneous activity in the pelvic limbs. Muscle and peripheral nerve biopsies showed pathology consistent with denervation. On necropsy, 3 weeks after admittance, severe degenerative changes including axonal necrosis and myelin degeneration were confirmed in the lumbar spinal cord.

Clinical relevance There are very few descriptions of feline motor neuron degeneration in the literature and obtaining an ante-mortem diagnosis is difficult. Although an inherited disorder cannot be ruled out, a condition acquired congenitally in utero or postnatally was suspected in this case.
Handbook of Categorical Algebra
Authors: Borceux Francis
Published: March 2010

The Handbook of Categorical Algebra is designed to give, in three volumes, a detailed account of what should be known by everybody working in, or using, category theory. As such it will be a unique reference. The volumes are written in sequence. The second, which assumes familiarity with the material in the first, introduces important classes of categories that have played a fundamental role in the subject's development and applications. In addition, after several chapters discussing specific categories, the book develops all the major concepts concerning Benabou's ideas of fibred categories. There is ample material here for a graduate course in category theory, and the book should also serve as a reference for users.
Practical Neonatal Endocrinology
Authors: Ogilvy-Stuart Amanda , Midgley Paula
Published: March 2010

This 2006 handbook of neonatal endocrinology provides a wealth of practical information on the diagnosis and management of suspected endocrine pathology. Interpretation of endocrine function in the newborn period can be difficult, because of the transition following hormonal influences of the mother and placenta. The situation is even more complex in infants born prematurely. The unique format presented here is clinically orientated from presentation, diagnosis and management, including immediate, medium and long-term. It clearly explains and describes how and when samples should be taken, order of priority, sample volumes required, length of time one can expect before results are available and normal values. This book gives guidance as to what to tell parents, providing addresses of support groups. This is very much a practical 'hands-on, how-to' approach with flow-charts. It also provides a formulary and investigation methodology section and a brief description of physiology.
Performance and Identity in the Classical World
Authors: Duncan Anne
Published: March 2010

Performance and Identity in the Classical World traces attitudes towards actors in Greek and Roman culture as a means of understanding ancient conceptions of, and anxieties about, the self. Actors were often viewed as frauds and impostors, capable of deliberately fabricating their identities. Conversely, they were sometimes viewed as possessed by the characters that they played, or as merely playing themselves onstage. Numerous sources reveal an uneasy fascination with actors and acting, from the writings of elite intellectuals (philosophers, orators, biographers, historians) to the abundant theatrical anecdotes that can be read as a body of 'popular performance theory'. This 2005 text examines these sources, along with dramatic texts and addresses the issue of impersonation, from the late fifth century BCE to the early Roman Empire.
The Forensic Stage
Authors: Scafuro Adele C.
Published: March 2010

Graeco-Roman New Comedy has traditionally provided a source for legal historians examining the language and operation of law both in Athens in the fourth century and in Rome in the second century BC. Adele Scafuro here provides the first comprehensive treatment in English of one crucial area of this vast field, namely, the way legal disputes are settled out of court in Athens, both on and off the comic stage. Beginning with a close examination of pre-trial scenarios in the Attic orators and looking for comparable ones in pre-classical Roman law, Dr Scafuro then turns to the plays of Greek New Comedy and their adaptations by Plautus and Terence. There she identifies similar scenarios especially in disputes concerning sexual violations, the marriages of heiresses, and divorces. She shows how the recognition of legal procedures aids interpretation of New Comedy texts.
The Recent Work of Jürgen Habermas
Authors: White Stephen K.
Published: March 2010

Jürgen Habermas is one of the foremost philosophers and social theorists in the world today. But the complexity and breadth of his thought make him often difficult to understand. In this book, Stephen White offers a clear, accessible, and reliable introduction to Habermas's work, particularly that which he has written since the publication of Knowledge and human interest (produced in English in 1971). During this period, new themes and directions have emerged in Habermas's thought, which culminated in The Theory of Communicative Action, a massive work that has not hitherto been the subject of extended commentary and analysis. This book is the first to provide a full-length study of Habermas's mature thought. Locating the latter in the context of contemporary debates, White explains Habermas's ideas about action, rationality, communicative ethics, contemporary capitalism, and new social movements, which characterize his later work. He also examines Habermas's interpretation of modernity, showing that although, like his forerunners in the Frankfurt School, Habermas maintains a critical stance towards modernity's instrumentalization of reason, he nonetheless offers a sophisticated defense of the universal significance of other aspects of modern consciousness that are too often forgotten by many recent radical critics of modernity. Throughout, White presents Habermas's work in such a way as to emphasize its coherence, and to demonstrate how it constitutes the beginnings of a distinctive new research program in the social sciences. As a well-researched and lucid account of Habermas's thought, this book will appeal to readers wanting an introduction to the complexity of his ideas, as well as to those already conversant with them. It will also interest social and political theorists concerned with the general theoretical issues that it covers.
Bäcklund and Darboux Transformations
Authors: Rogers C. , Schief W. K.
Published: March 2010

This book describes the remarkable connections that exist between the classical differential geometry of surfaces and modern soliton theory. The authors also explore the extensive body of literature from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by such eminent geometers as Bianchi, Darboux, Bäcklund, and Eisenhart on transformations of privileged classes of surfaces which leave key geometric properties unchanged. Prominent amongst these are Bäcklund-Darboux transformations with their remarkable associated nonlinear superposition principles and importance in soliton theory. It is with these transformations and the links they afford between the classical differential geometry of surfaces and the nonlinear equations of soliton theory that the present text is concerned. In this geometric context, solitonic equations arise out of the Gauß-Mainardi-Codazzi equations for various types of surfaces that admit invariance under Bäcklund-Darboux transformations. This text is appropriate for use at a higher undergraduate or graduate level for applied mathematicians or mathematical physics.
The Theory of Partitions
Authors: Andrews George E.
Published: March 2010

This book develops the theory of partitions. Simply put, the partitions of a number are the ways of writing that number as sums of positive integers. For example, the five partitions of 4 are 4, 3+1, 2+2, 2+1+1, and 1+1+1+1. Surprisingly, such a simple matter requires some deep mathematics for its study. This book considers the many theoretical aspects of this subject, which have in turn recently found applications to statistical mechanics, computer science and other branches of mathematics. With minimal prerequisites, this book is suitable for students as well as researchers in combinatorics, analysis, and number theory.
Language, Discourse and Power in African American Culture
Authors: Morgan Marcyliena
Published: March 2010

African American language is central to the teaching of linguistics and language in the United States, and this book, in the series Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language, is aimed specifically at upper level undergraduates and graduates. It covers the entire field - grammar, speech, and verbal genres, and it also discusses the various historical strands that need to be identified in order to understand the development of African American English. The first section deals with the social and cultural history of the American South, the second with urban and northern black popular culture, and the third with policy issues. Morgan examines the language within the context of the changing and complex African American and general American speech communities, and their culture, politics, art and institutions. She also covers the current heated political and educational debates about the status of the African American dialect.
Scattered Data Approximation
Authors: Wendland Holger
Published: March 2010

Many practical applications require the reconstruction of a multivariate function from discrete, unstructured data. This book gives a self-contained, complete introduction into this subject. It concentrates on truly meshless methods such as radial basis functions, moving least squares, and partitions of unity. The book starts with an overview on typical applications of scattered data approximation, coming from surface reconstruction, fluid-structure interaction, and the numerical solution of partial differential equations. It then leads the reader from basic properties to the current state of research, addressing all important issues, such as existence, uniqueness, approximation properties, numerical stability, and efficient implementation. Each chapter ends with a section giving information on the historical background and hints for further reading. Complete proofs are included, making this perfectly suited for graduate courses on multivariate approximation and it can be used to support courses in computer-aided geometric design, and meshless methods for partial differential equations.
String Theory
Authors: Polchinski Joseph
Published: March 2010

String Theory, first published in 1998, comprises two volumes which provide a comprehensive and pedagogic account of the subject. Volume 2 begins with an introduction to supersymmetric string theories and presents the important advances of recent years. The first three chapters introduce the type I, type II, and heterototic superstring theories and their interactions. The next two chapters present important recent discoveries about strongly coupled strings, beginning with a detailed treatment of D-branes and their dynamics, and covering string duality, M-theory, and black hole entropy. The final chapters are concerned with four-dimensional string theories, showing how some of the simplest string models connect with previous ideas for unifying the Standard Model. They collect many important results on world-sheet and spacetime symmetries. An appendix summarizes the necessary background on fermions and supersymmetry. An essential text and reference for graduate students and researchers interested in superstring theory.
Law, Violence and Sovereignty Among West Bank Palestinians
Authors: Kelly Tobias
Published: March 2010

As the Oslo Peace Process has given way to the violence of the second intifada, this book explores the continuing legacy of Oslo in the everyday life of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Taking a perspective that sees the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as a conflict over the distribution of legal rights, it focuses on the daily concerns of West Bank Palestinians, and explores the meanings, limitations and potential of legal claims in the context of the region's structures of governance. Kelly argues that fundamental contradictions in the process through which the West Bank has been ruled and misruled have resulted in an unstable mixture of legality, fear and uncertainty. Based on long term ethnographic fieldwork, this book provides an insight into how the wider Middle East conflict manifests itself through the daily encounters of ordinary Israelis and Palestinians, offering an evocative and theoretically informed account of the relationship between law, peace-building and violence.
Providence and the Invention of the United States, 1607–1876
Authors: Guyatt Nicholas
Published: March 2010

Nicholas Guyatt offers a completely new understanding of a central question in American history: how did Americans come to think that God favored the United States above other nations? Tracing the story of American providentialism, this book uncovers the British roots of American religious nationalism before the American Revolution and the extraordinary struggles of white Americans to reconcile their ideas of national mission with the racial diversity of the early republic. Making sense of previously diffuse debates on manifest destiny, millenarianism, and American mission, Providence and the Invention of the United States explains the origins and development of the idea that God has a special plan for America. This conviction supplied the United States with a powerful sense of national purpose, but it also prevented Americans from clearly understanding events and people that could not easily be fitted into the providential scheme.
Random Networks for Communication
Authors: Franceschetti Massimo , Meester Ronald
Published: March 2010

When is a random network (almost) connected? How much information can it carry? How can you find a particular destination within the network? And how do you approach these questions - and others - when the network is random? The analysis of communication networks requires a fascinating synthesis of random graph theory, stochastic geometry and percolation theory to provide models for both structure and information flow. This book is the first comprehensive introduction for graduate students and scientists to techniques and problems in the field of spatial random networks. The selection of material is driven by applications arising in engineering, and the treatment is both readable and mathematically rigorous. Though mainly concerned with information-flow-related questions motivated by wireless data networks, the models developed are also of interest in a broader context, ranging from engineering to social networks, biology, and physics.
Security and Quality of Service in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
Authors: Mishra Amitabh
Published: March 2010

Ensuring secure transmission and good quality of service (QoS) in ad hoc wireless networks are key commercial concerns. Focusing on practical potential solutions, this text covers security and QoS in these networks. Starting with a review of the basic principles of ad hoc wireless networking, coverage progresses to vulnerabilities, and the requirements and solutions necessary to tackle them. QoS in relation to ad hoc networks is covered in detail, with specific attention to routing, QoS support in unicast communication, and recent developments in the area. Secure routing, intrusion detection, security in WiMax networks and trust management are also covered, the latter being based on principles and practice of key management and authentication in distributed networks. Representing the state-of-the-art in ad hoc wireless network security, this book is a valuable resource for researchers in electrical and computer engineering, as well as practitioners in the wireless communications industry.
An Introduction to the New Testament Manuscripts and their Texts
Authors: Parker D. C.
Published: March 2010

This book is a major English-language introduction to the earliest manuscripts of the New Testament. An essential handbook for scholars and students, it provides a thorough grounding in the study and editing of the New Testament text combined with an emphasis on the dramatic current developments in the field. Covering ancient sources in Greek, Syriac, Latin and Coptic, it:
• Describes the manuscripts and other ancient textual evidence, and the tools needed to study them
• Deals with textual criticism and textual editing, describing modern approaches and techniques, with guidance on the use of editions
• Introduces the witnesses and textual study of each of the main sections of the New Testament, discussing typical variants and their significance.
A companion website with full-colour images provides generous amounts of illustrative material, bringing the subject alive for the reader.
Public Order in Ancient Rome
Authors: Nippel Wilfried
Published: March 2010

The absence of a professional police force in the city of Rome in classical times is often identified as a major cause of the collapse of the Republic. But this alleged 'structural weakness' was not removed by the Emperor Augustus and his successors, and was in fact shared with other pre-modern states: a specialised police force is a modern invention. In this critical study of the system of law and order in ancient Rome in both Republican and Imperial periods, Wilfried Nippel identifies the mechanisms of self-regulation which operated as a stabilising force within Roman society. This case-study of ancient Rome has a comparative dimension and will interest legal historians of other pre-modern societies as well as ancient historians, anthropologists, sociologists and political scientists.
Introduction to Experimental Particle Physics
Authors: Fernow Richard Clinton
Published: March 2010

This book brings together the most important topics in experimental particle physics over the past forty years to give a brief but balanced overview of the subject. The author begins by reviewing particle physics and discussing electromagnetic and nuclear interactions. He then goes on to discuss three nearly universal aspects of particle physics experiments: beams, targets, and fast electronics. The second part of the book treats in detail the properties of various types of particle detector, such as scintillation counters, Cerenkov counters, proportional chambers, drift chambers, sampling calorimeters, and specialized detectors. Wherever possible the author attempts to enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of performance. Finally, he discusses aspects of specific experiments, such as properties of triggers, types of measurement, spectrometers, and the integration of detectors into coherent systems. Throughout the book, each chapter begins with a discussion of the basic principles involved, followed by selective examples.
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Strange Paul
Published: March 2010

This graduate text introduces relativistic quantum theory, emphasising its important applications in condensed matter physics. Basic theory, including special relativity, angular momentum and particles of spin zero are first reprised. The text then goes on to discuss the Dirac equation, symmetries and operators, and free particles. Physical consequences of solutions including hole theory and Klein's paradox are considered. Several model problems are solved. Important applications of quantum theory to condensed matter physics then follow. Relevant theory for the one electron atom is explored. The theory is then developed to describe the quantum mechanics of many electron systems, including Hartree-Fock and density functional methods. Scattering theory, band structures, magneto-optical effects and superconductivity are among other significant topics discussed. Many exercises and an extensive reference list are included. This clear account of relativistic quantum theory will be valuable to graduate students and researchers working in condensed matter physics and quantum physics.
Radio-Frequency Electronics
Authors: Hagen Jon B.
Published: March 2010

This second, updated edition of the best-selling Radio-Frequency Electronics introduces the basic concepts and key circuits of radio-frequency systems. It covers the fundamental principles applying to all radio devices, from wireless single-chip data transceivers to high-power broadcast transmitters. This new edition is extensively revised and expanded throughout, including additional chapters on radar, digital modulation, GPS navigation, and S-parameter circuit analysis. New worked examples and end-of-chapter problems are included to aid and test understanding of the topics covered, as well as numerous extra figures to provide a visual aid to learning. Key topics covered include filters, amplifiers, oscillators, modulators, low-noise amplifiers, phase lock loops, transformers, waveguides, and antennas. Assuming no prior knowledge of radio electronics, this is a perfect introduction to the subject. It is an ideal textbook for junior or senior courses in electrical engineering, as well as an invaluable reference for professional engineers in this area.
Chinese Ritual and Politics
Authors: Ahern Emily Martin
Published: March 2010

As a result of the strength and dominance of the centralized state, ritual action in China often takes its logic from political action. In this book Emily Ahern explores the implications of this. She argues that forms of control attempted ritually on non-human persons (gods and other spirits) in China parallel those forms of control which people regard as effective in ordinary life, namely political control, and draws important conclusions from this. She shows that in China it is possible to discard terms such as 'magic', which imply that acts directed to spirits operate on a different basis from acts in ordinary life. She also challenges claims in anthropology that, since they seem arbitrary and the actions of participants in them highly predictable, rituals support established authority. Her book will be of interest not only to specialists in Chinese studies, but to social anthropologists and others interested in the link between ritual and political processes.
The World Trade Organization Knowledge Agreements
Authors: Arup Christopher
Published: March 2010

The WTO intellectual property and services agreements (TRIPs and GATS) form the global legal framework in which governments now regulate trade in knowledge. This second edition analyses the provisions of the agreements and examines closely the thirteen years of implementation and revision. Gathering together the interpretations placed on the agreements by the WTO dispute settlement bodies, it reports on the initiatives taken by the members both to liberalise trade in knowledge and to shape international business regulation. Drawing on this, Christopher Arup assesses the future of the WTO as a global law-making institution. Three expanded case studies (legal services, genetic codes/essential medicines, and on-line media) illustrate the impact of the agreements and highlight the challenges faced by the WTO in reconciling free trade with social regulation.
Smooth Compactifications of Locally Symmetric Varieties
Authors: Ash Avner , Mumford David , Rapoport Michael , Tai Yung-sheng
Published: March 2010

The new edition of this celebrated and long-unavailable book preserves the original book's content and structure and its unrivalled presentation of a universal method for the resolution of a class of singularities in algebraic geometry. At the same time, the book has been completely re-typeset, errors have been eliminated, proofs have been streamlined, the notation has been made consistent and uniform, an index has been added, and a guide to recent literature has been added. The book brings together ideas from algebraic geometry, differential geometry, representation theory and number theory, and will continue to prove of value for researchers and graduate students in these areas.
Religious Experience and the Modernist Novel
Authors: Lewis Pericles
Published: March 2010

The modernist period witnessed attempts to explain religious experience in non-religious terms. Such novelists as Henry James, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf and Franz Kafka found methods to describe through fiction the sorts of experiences that had traditionally been the domain of religious mystics and believers. In Religious Experience and the Modernist Novel, Pericles Lewis considers the development of modernism in the novel in relation to changing attitudes to religion. Through comparisons of major novelists with sociologists and psychologists from the same period, Lewis identifies the unique ways that literature addressed the changing spiritual situation of the early twentieth century. He challenges accounts that assume secularisation as the main narrative for understanding twentieth-century literature. Lewis explores the experiments that modernists undertook in order to invoke the sacred without directly naming it, resulting in a compelling study for readers of twentieth-century modernist literature.
Taking People As They Are: Islam As a “Realistic Utopia” in the Political Theory of Sayyid Qutb
Authors: MARCH ANDREW F.
Published: March 2010

This article presents an interpretation of Sayyid Qutb's political theory based on a prominent feature of his thought: the claim that Islamic law and human nature (fitra) are in perfect harmony, and that the demands of Islamic law are easy and painless for ordinary human moral capacities. I argue that Qutb is not only defending Islamic law as true and obligatory, but also as a coherent “realistic utopia”—a normative theory that also contains a psychological account of that theory's feasibility. Qutb's well-known fascination with the earliest generation of Muslims (thesalaf) is an integral part of this account that serves two functions: (1) as a model of the feasibility and realism of an ideal Islamic political order, and (2) as a genealogy of the political origins of moral vice in society. Qutb's project is thus an account of exactly why and how Islam requires politics, and how modern humans can be both free and governed.
Effect of diet, sex and age on fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens: SFA and MUFA
Authors: Poureslami R. , Turchini G. M. , Raes K. , Huyghebaert G. , De Smet S.
Published: March 2010

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary lipid sources, age and sex on the SFA and MUFA metabolism in broiler chickens using a whole body fatty acid balance method. Four dietary lipid sources (palm fat, Palm; soyabean oil, Soya; linseed oil, Lin; and fish oil, Fish) were added at 3 % to a basal diet containing 5 % Palm. Diets were fed to female and male chickens from day 1 to either day 21 or day 42 of age. The accumulation (percentage of net intake andex novoproduction) of SFA and MUFA was significantly lower in broilers fed on Palm than in broilers fed on the other diets (85·7v.97·4 %). Conversely, β-oxidation was significantly higher in Palm-fed birds than the average of the other dietary treatments (14·3v.2·6 %). On average, 33·1 % of total SFA and MUFA accumulated in the body were elongated, and 13·8 % were Δ-9 desaturated to longer chain or more unsaturated metabolites, with lower proportions being elongated and desaturated for the Palm and Fish diets than for the Soya and Lin diets. Totalin vivoapparent elongase activity decreased exponentially in relation to the net intake of SFA and MUFA, while it increased with age. Totalin vivoapparent Δ-9 desaturase activity was not significantly affected by dietary treatment or age. Totalex novoproduction and β-oxidation of SFA and MUFA showed a negative and positive curvilinear relationship with net intake of SFA and MUFA, respectively. Sex had no effect on SFA and MUFA metabolism.
Diopsidites from a Neoproterozoic–Cambrian suture in southern India
Authors: SANTOSH M. , RAJESH V. J. , TSUNOGAE T. , ARAI S.
Published: March 2010

We report the occurrence and characteristics of diopsidite dykes and veins from the Palghat-Cauvery Suture Zone (PCSZ) marking the boundary between the Archaean Dharwar craton to the north and the Proterozoic Madurai Block to the south, which is considered as a trace of the Cambrian Gondwana suture zone in southern India. The diopsidites are composed predominantly of coarse crystals of diopside [Mg no. (100 Mg/(Mg+Fetot)) up to 89] surrounded by retrograde calcic amphibole, plagioclase and phlogopite with accessory titanite and calcite. The major, trace and rare earth element characteristics of the diopside crystals suggest their formation in a subduction zone setting. We correlate the petrogenesis of the diopsidites with the tectonics associated with the subduction and closure of the Neoproterozoic Mozambique Ocean prior to the final collisional assembly of the Gondwana supercontinent in Cambrian.
Critical Issues in the Human Rights Mandate of the ECOWAS Court of Justice
Authors: Ebobrah Solomon T
Published: March 2010

A new opportunity for international human rights litigation in West Africa was presented in 2005 when the Economic Community of West African States adopted a protocol to empower its judicial organ, the ECOWAS Community Court of Justice, to determine cases of human rights violation that occur in ECOWAS member states. Since then, several human rights claims have been brought before the court. However, critical questions concerning the legality of the new mandate and the suitability of the court to exercise a human rights jurisdiction have lingered. Beginning with an inquiry into the foundation within ECOWAS for the exercise of a human rights jurisdiction, this article analyses the legitimacy of the human rights mandate of the ECOWAS court and interrogates crucial issues relevant to the effectiveness of the mandate. The article suggests ways to enhance execution of the mandate and concludes with a call for careful judicial navigation in the exercise of the court's expanded jurisdiction.
Experimental backlash study in mechanical manipulators
Authors: Lima Miguel F. M. , Machado J. A. Tenreiro , Crisóstomo Manuel
Published: March 2010

The behavior of mechanical manipulators with backlash is analyzed. In order to acquire and study the signals an experimental setup is implemented. The signal processing capabilities of the wavelets are used for de-noising the experimental signals and the energy of the obtained components is analyzed. To evaluate the backlash effect upon the robotic system, it is proposed an index based on the pseudo phase plane representation. Several tests are developed that demonstrate the coherence of the results.
Sons Who Care: Examining the Experience and Meaning of Filial Caregiving for Married and Never-Married Sons
Authors: Campbell Lori D.
Published: March 2010

Les femmes fournissent généralement plus que les hommes dans les soins des enfants. La prédominance numérique des aidantes féminines a été expliquée de telle façon que la diversité chez les aidants masculins a été négligée. C’est à dire que les explica-tions internes, qui mettent l’accent sur l’expérience de socialisation divergentes des femmes et des hommes, ont la tendance à homogénéiser l’expérience de soins du groupe de chaque sexe. Pourtant, les explications externes, qui permettent de faire ressortir les facteurs divers qui motivent les femmes et les hommes à s’occuper des soins, réduisent les acteurs aux agents passives dont la compréhension subjective des soins au fil du temps est ignorée. Les deux explications détournent l’attention de la diversité dans les soins de sexe masculin. Cet article présente des données qualitatives dérivées des entrevues avec 48 des fils de soins pour fournir des preuves de cette diversité. Certains thèmes sont communs aux hommes aidants mariés et aidants jamais mariés, mais il y a également des différences systématiques entre les deux expériences des soins. Pour les fils mariés les soins étaient plus limités; les soins pour les fils jamais mariés étaient un élément plus central dans leurs vies.