bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilização de câmara semiaberta estática para quantificação de amônia volatilizada no solo com aplicação de diferentes tipos de fertilizantes
Authors: Nascimento Juliana do , Camargo Reginaldo de , Franco Miguel Henrique Rosa , Maia Júlio Eduardo Santana , Cruvinel Camila Ramos , Pereira Natanael Gabriel Silva , Lemes Ernane Miranda
Published: January 2025

Ao aplicar fertilizantes nitrogenados na camada superficial do solo, ocorre a volatilização da amônia. Devido às grandes perdas de nitrogênio na forma de amônia, torna-se importante realizar estudos sobre fertilizantes inovadores, que continuam a ser desenvolvidos para atender às exigências atuais com menor impacto ambiental. O objetivo da pesquisa foi quantificar o teor de nitrogênio volatilizado na forma de amônia após a aplicação de diferentes fontes de fertilizantes nitrogenados no solo. A investigação foi realizada no campus Glória e no Laboratório de Fertilidade do Solo da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. A pesquisa foi estruturada em duas etapas: a primeira no cafeeiro e a segunda no milho. A metodologia empregada foi idêntica para ambas as etapas. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, constituídas por diferentes tipos de fertilizantes. As coletas foram realizadas nos dias 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16 e 21 após a aplicação. No cafeeiro, os fertilizantes que apresentaram as maiores perdas de amônia por volatilização (diárias e acumuladas) foram os fertilizantes organominerais com resíduos de torta-de-filtro (farelado e peletizado) e o fertilizante mineral. No milho, o fertilizante que apresentou as maiores perdas de amônia por volatilização (diárias e acumuladas) foi o organomineral com resíduos de celulose farelado. Em ambos os cultivos, os fertilizantes organominerais à base de celulose e o fertilizante mineral polimerizado proporcionaram maior proteção em relação à volatilização de amônia. Quando comparados ao fertilizante mineral, esses fertilizantes demonstraram grande potencial para a proteção do nitrogênio.
CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL AGENTS IN ZEBRAFISH: A SHORT REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; “Ioan Haulica” Institute, Apollonia University, Pacurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania, IONESCU Cătălina , RARINCA Viorica ,   “Ioan Haulica” Institute, Apollonia University, Pacurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania; Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No 20A, Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania; Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Carol I Avenue, No. 20A, 700505 Iași, Romania, VISTERNICU Mălina ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; “Ioan Haulica” Institute, Apollonia University, Pacurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania, CIOBICA Alin ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists; Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; “Ioan Haulica” Institute, Apollonia University, Pacurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania; Center, KAMAL Fatima Zahra ,   Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Technical (ISPITS), Marrakech, Morocco; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, Settat 26000, Morocco.
Published: January 2025

Zebrafish are an increasingly valuable model for cancer research due to their rapid development, genetic similarities to humans, and optical transparency, which allows real-time tumor observation. These fish have been used to study various cancers through exposure to carcinogens. Additionally, zebrafish share key genetic traits with humans, making them ideal for studying tumor mechanisms and testing therapies. Their ability to model carcinogenesis, track tumor progression non-invasively, and evaluate environmental toxins highlights their potential in advancing cancer research and drug discovery.
NEUROMARKETING AND FOOD DECISIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SENSORY AND EMOTIONAL STIMULI ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors:   Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No 20A, Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania, VASILE Amalia , MARTINIUC Cristina ,   SC AUTEUR SRL, Baltati, Iasi, DASCALESCU Gabriel ,   Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No 20A, Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania, CIOBICA Alin ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, No 54, Independence Street, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania ; Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No 20A, Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania; “Ioan Haulica” Institute of Apollonia University,, MAVROUDIS Ioannis ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, No 54, Independence Street, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania; Department of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Published: January 2025

In a society where food preferences are affected by various aspects such as taste and nutritional value, advertising and packaging, perceiving the reasons that influence our choices becomes crucial. Neuromarketing is an innovative branch of marketing that combines knowledge from neuroscience with traditional marketing techniques to understand how our brain reacts to different stimuli. This connection between science and advertising has significant consequences for our eating habits, affecting not only our culinary choices, but also the way we look at and relate to food. Feelings, memory capacity and the reward center in the brain are essential factors in decision-making, leading us to often opt for products that meet nutritional and emotional needs.
ETUDE DU CHAMP ELECTROMAGNETIQUE DANS LA LIGNE MICRO-RUBAN BLINDÉE EN UTILISANT LA METHODE DES DIFFERENCES FINIES
Authors:   Academy of Romanian Scientists, CANTARAGIU Ștefan
Published: January 2025

Le présent article est le deuxième d'une série de trois articles publiés dans cette revue et qui fournit une brève présentation du livre « Micro-ondes - solution numérique », écrit par le même auteur. La Méthode des Différences Finies (MDF), utilisée avec succès pour résoudre les problèmes scalaires et vectoriels les plus difficiles de l'électrodynamique, facilite l'approximation des équations de Helmholtz dans un nombre fini du domaine analysé. Les avantages de la méthode résident dans la possibilité de réunir les deux domaines en un seul problème et dans sa mise en œuvre plus rapide, ce qui permet de définir facilement les conditions aux frontières. Dans la dernière section de l'article, les résultats et les graphiques des composantes du champ électromagnétique sont présentés. Les inférences de simulation à la frontière des domaines air et diélectrique sont également mises en évidence. Les modes de propagation hybrides d'ordre supérieur sont déterminés en sélectionnant les valeurs propres une à une par ordre croissant de fréquence.
Beyond the Obvious: Unveiling the Diagnosis When Symptoms Mislead
Authors:   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, IONESCU Vlad-Alexandru , DEACANU Alin-Bogdan ,   Colentina Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Romania, TIUCA Crista-Loredana ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, BENTIA Anda-Maria ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, BEJAN Alexandra ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, BEJENARIU Elena-Roxana ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, BELCHITA Andreea Alina ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, BELCHITA Marian-Alexandru ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: January 2025

Persistent inflammatory syndrome is a frequently encountered and challenging condition in internal medicine. In cases when a definitive diagnosis is not established, this disease necessitates a thorough diagnostic approach to rule out infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancers.
Case presentation: We present the case of an asymptomatic patient hospitalized with a significant inflammatory syndrome, in whom initial infection screening failed to reveal any diagnosis that might account for the biological abnormalities. In the lack of a diagnosis and the persistence of the inflammatory condition despite broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, computed tomography examination of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis with contrast substance was performed, which identified a lung lesion with malignant features. The diagnostic management continued by bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and cytological, bacteriological, and molecular examinations, which revealed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Conclusions: This case contributes to the understanding of tuberculosis as an “oncologic mimic” in cases of unexplained prolonged inflammatory syndrome, underscor the value of rigorous diagnostic approaches in atypical presentations and emphasizing the diagnostic vigilance required in patients with risk factors for this infectious disease.
MATRIZ ANALITÍCA EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: IMAGENS DO OLHAR DOCENTE
Authors: Risso Helli Faria Ferreira , Moya-Mata Irene , Pimentel Giuliano Gomes de Assis
Published: January 2025

O artigo relata a utilização de uma matriz analítica, na Educação Física Escolar, para estudo de imagens do conteúdo Skate. Ela retrata fotos dos participantes, produzidas no local em que as aulas foram ministradas. Nosso objetivo foi promover o ensino da Prática Corporal de Aventura (PCA) Skate na modalidade urbana. Realizamos levantamento bibliográfico de pesquisas, que empregam análises de imagens em livros didáticos de Educação Física. A matriz analítica utilizada, permite o potencial informativo das imagens demonstradas neste estudo. O modelo fornece uma ampla gama de categorias analíticas para apreensão das imagens, em aulas de Educação Física, sobre o conteúdo ministrado: Skate. Entendemos, que essa matriz poderá ser testada também em imagens de aventura presentes em outros materiais didáticos. Desse modo, tem potencial para enriquecer a análise pictórica, revelando em quais dimensões e categorias se evidenciam as discrepâncias de representação imagética.
VULNERABILIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL E A SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA EM ÁREAS DE LIXÕES DOS MUNICÍPÍOS DO LAGO DA USINA HIDRELETRICA DE TUCURUÍ/PA
Authors: De Abreu Rosinara Santos , Miranda Wando Dias , Gutierrez Lucy Anne Cardoso Lobão , Passos Sonia da Costa , Santos Iêdo Souza
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os conceitos da vulnerabilidade social e segurança pública dos municípios que compõem a região do Lago de Tucuruí e a Área de Proteção Ambiental do Lago de Tucuruí, instituída em 2002 pela Lei nº 6451/02, sendo eles Breu Branco, Goianésia, Jacundá, Novo Repartimento e Tucuruí, localizada no estado do Pará. Metodologia: A pesquisa possui natureza descritiva e exploratória, abordando a análise de autores no campo da vulnerabilidade social e segurança pública, tendo a base de dados do sistema SISP-2, da Policia Civil do Pará – PCPA. A área de estudo são os 05 (cinco) municípios que compõem o Lago de Tucuruí, sendo observados fatores que influenciam a vulnerabilidade social no espaço território da pesquisa. Resultados: O estudo sobre a vulnerabilidade socioambiental e a segurança pública em áreas de lixões na região do Lago da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí evidencia a complexidade e a interconexão entre fatores ambientais, sociais e de segurança pública. Utilizando o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (IVS) e o Índice de Progresso Social (IPS), o estudo revelou como a infraestrutura urbana deficiente, o abastecimento inadequado de água e a falta de coleta de lixo contribuem para aumentar a vulnerabilidade das comunidades locais, e consequentemente o aumento dos riscos sociais para população residente dessas áreas.
Morning Briefing Meetings as a Strategy to Improve Healtcare Workforce and Service Quality Management at the Puskesmas Pembantu Lubang Buaya Jakarta Timur
Authors: Nurmalita Sari Hermina , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Zaharuddin Zaharuddin
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the impact of morning briefing meetings on communication effectiveness, job satisfaction, and service quality at the Lubang Buaya Health Center. Using a quantitative descriptive-analytical method, data were collected from five health workers through structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS Version 20. The findings reveal that while morning briefings moderately improved team communication effectiveness (mean = 19.2), their effect on job satisfaction and service quality was not statistically significant. Regression analysis showed that morning briefings accounted for 34% of the variability in job satisfaction but failed to significantly influence service quality or workforce improvement (p > 0.05). Normality tests confirmed the data’s suitability for parametric analysis. Despite positive correlations, the results suggest that morning briefings alone are insufficient to significantly enhance healthcare outcomes, emphasizing the need for additional strategies to improve health worker performance and service delivery.
Inovasi Pemanfaatan Gondok Untuk Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Desa
Authors: Mardiyono Aris , Sugiyarti Gita
Published: January 2025

Water hyacinth is an aquatic weed that is often found in tropical and subtropical areas. The existence of this plant often has a negative impact on the environment. Various efforts have been made to overcome the water hyacinth problem, including the use of pesticides. However, inappropriate use of pesticides actually causes plant resistance to pesticides, so that these efforts become less effective in controlling their growth. To overcome this problem, training was held for village communities to use water hyacinth as a basic material for handicrafts. This training aims to change people's views which previously considered water hyacinth as a nuisance plant into an economic opportunity. By processing water hyacinth into a marketable product, it is hoped that the community can increase their income while overcoming environmental problems
Diversity and Distribution of Plankton Communities in the Ariyankuppam Estuary, Puducherry, Southeast Coast of India
Authors: Beaven M.Michael , Akash S. , G.Ananthan
Published: January 2025

The present study is the first record of plankton communities in the mangrove ecosystem of Ariyankuppam estuary, Puducherry, Southeast coast of India. It is aimed to analyse the influence of physio-chemical properties on plankton communities in an estuarine system. Sampling was carried out monthly intervals during the period from January to June 2023 (Post monsoon and summer). A total of 38 species of phytoplankton belonging to 25 genera and 22 families were identified. The dominant species are observed under three groups such as Bacillariophyceae (diatom) (63%), Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates) (21%), Cyanophyceae (blue green algae) (5%) and Chlorophyceae (Green algae) (3%). Within these the species- Coscinodiscus granii (1.2 x 106 cells/l) is most dominant in all the stations followed by Trichodesmium erythraeum (6 x 105 cells/l) and Oscillatoria limmosa (5.5 x 105 cells/l). A total of 24 species of zooplankton belonging to 14 families and 12 orders were identified containing phylum Arthropoda and Ciliophoran having 8 species respectively. In addition, phylum, Rotifer (7 species) and Chordata (1 species) also recorded in the sampling sites. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that the influence of environmental parameters on the abundance and occurrence of plankton communities in the study area.
Entomopathogenic Fungi: Dual Role in Insect Control and Plant Disease Management
Authors: Yadav Sunita , Thodusu Mamatha , Shankar Uma , Nautiyal Anchala , Khajuria Marvi , Sarangi Satyabrata , Maheshwari Sourabh , Pandey Kartikey
Published: January 2025

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are important biological agents in modern agriculture, offering eco-friendly solutions for integrated pest and disease management. With their dual functionality, EPF target a wide range of insect pests while suppressing plant pathogens, presenting a sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides. The biology, mechanisms, and applications of EPF, highlighting their ability to parasitize insects through adhesion, enzymatic penetration, and toxin production while simultaneously managing plant pathogens via antibiosis, competition, systemic resistance induction, and direct parasitism. Advances in genomics have unveiled molecular insights into EPF pathogenicity, paving the way for biotechnological enhancements, including genetically engineered strains with improved efficacy, thermal tolerance, and host specificity. Innovative formulation technologies, such as nano-carriers and microencapsulation, have enhanced the viability and precision delivery of EPF, improving field efficacy. The integration of EPF with precision agriculture tools, including drones and sensor-based systems, allows targeted applications and data-driven pest management. Their compatibility with organic farming systems underscores their role in fostering sustainable and environmentally conscious agricultural practices. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including environmental limitations, production costs, regulatory hurdles, and potential non-target effects. Addressing these challenges through interdisciplinary research and stakeholder education is critical for maximizing EPF's potential. As agriculture faces mounting pressures from climate change, pest resistance, and ecological degradation, EPF stand as a promising solution, contributing to soil health, biodiversity conservation, and reduced chemical dependency. The importance of EPF in shaping resilient agroecosystems, driving the transition toward sustainable agriculture while ensuring food security and environmental sustainability. The integration of cutting-edge technologies and policy support will be important in scaling the adoption of EPF-based solutions, positioning these fungi as a cornerstone in the future of agricultural innovation and sustainability.
INFLUENCE OF FACTORS DETERMINING ENVIRONMENTAL RISK LITERACY LEVEL ABOUT THE USE OF AGROCHEMICALS
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Mehfuza Mehnaz , Patel J. K. ,   AAU, Anand
Published: January 2025

The overuse of agrochemicals threatens ecological balance by accumulating residues in the food chain, harming beneficial insects, degrading soil health and posing health risks through contaminated produce. Balancing their benefits and risks is essential for sustainable agriculture and ecosystem preservation. Keeping this view the present study was conducted with 150 farmers of five villages each from Anand, Borsad and Anklav talukas. The study found that 79.33 per cent of vegetable growers had high level of environmental risk literacy regarding agrochemical use. Variables such as scientific orientation, attitude towards organic farming , knowledge of eco-friendly agricultural technology showed significant positive correlations with growers’ environmental risk literacy. However, factors such as age, size of landholding and frequency of social media use did not demonstrate a significant correlation with vegetable growers’ environmental risk literacy regarding agrochemical use.
ADOPTION OF SCIENTIFIC BREEDING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY TRIBAL GOAT KEEPERS
Authors:   KVK, NAU, Vyara, Butani J. B. , Dhodia A. J. ,   KVK, NAU, Vyara, Rana K. N. ,   KVK, NAU, Vyara
Published: January 2025

A field study was conducted in Tapi district of south Gujarat to study the scientific breeding management practices followed by the tribal goat keepers. Data was collected from two selected blocks and 100 goat keepers were decided through personal interview with the help of pre-tested structured interview schedule. The study revealed that majority of respondents adopt dual purpose goat breed (77.00 per cent), all the respondents followed natural breeding methods, bred their goats after attaining one year of age (73.00 per cent) and diagnosed pregnancy in goat by them self (74.00 per cent), 65.00 per cent of respondent take care during kidding at night time, prepared a soft bedding material (78.00 per cent) and less than fifty per cent of respondents provide separate kidding space for their kids. None of goat keepers adopted ideal breeding ratio for their maximum production. Major constrain faced by tribal people was lack of knowledge regarding identification of particular goat breeds through their characteristics. Family size (0.2415*), Size of land holding (0.0303), No. of goat possessed (0.0983) and goat rearing experience (0.0981) found positively correlated with adoption about scientific breeding management practices in goat, while Age (-0.0437), Education (-0.0373) and Family income (-0.0329) were negatively correlated with adoption about scientific breeding management practices in goat.
FACTORS AFFECTING FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE REGARDING ORGANIC FARMING PRACTICES
Authors:   JNKVV, Jabalpur, Sharma Chandrika , Agrawal Sonam ,   JNKVV, Jabalpur, More Varsha ,   JNKVV, Jabalpur
Published: January 2025

In contemporary times, organic agricultural methodologies stand as the sole remedy for the pervasive issues of soil contamination, compromised crop quality, environmental degradation and human health concerns, offering a pathway towards enduring sustainability. This research investigates the relationship between various variables and the knowledge levels of farmers engaged in organic and non-organic agricultural practices in Jabalpur district. Among twenty eight variables examined, area under organic farming, risk orientation, innovativeness, trainings received on organic farming, experience in organic farming, environment orientation, attitude towards organic farming practices, relative advantages, compatibility, trialability and observability of organic farming practices, farm size, social participation, livestock possession, mass media exposure, information sources, market perception and decision making had positively significant relation with the knowledge of farmers practicing organic farming. Conversely, factors such mass media exposure, information sources, scientific orientation, risk orientation, attitude towards organic farming, market perception, innovativeness, trainings received on organic farming and environment orientation showed positive and significant relationships with the knowledge of farmers practicing non-organic farming. These findings suggest that different variables play key roles in influencing the knowledge levels of farmers in different agricultural practices, providing valuable insights for stakeholders involved in policy-making and promotion of organic farming initiatives.
FROM CONSTRAINT TO OPPORTUNITY: STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURE CREDIT MANAGEMENT
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Anusha V.V.S.S. , Patel S. R. ,   AAU, Jabugam, Devi Ganga ,   AAU, Anand
Published: January 2025

Agriculture as a business activity is at a juncture where it has to pivot to either high-end technology-oriented or natural/organic farming. For this, understanding the credit scenario is imperative to boost economic activity. An Ex-post facto was formulated to elucidate farmers’ constraints in credit availing, utilization, and repayment, obtain suggestions, and formulate strategies. In Gujarat state, two districts were conveniently selected from which four blocks and four villages from each, making a sample size of 230. With pre-tested, well-structured interview schedule response was obtained for which statistical analysis as frequency, percentage, and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) were put to use, and results were tabulated. Market price fluctuations (Mean score 176.67), low farm profitability (164.00), and inaccessibility of credit information (133.33) were ranked as the top three constraints. The study revealed a moderate agreement (W= 0.291) among farmers regarding these constraints, emphasizing the need for tailored solutions. Farmers’ suggestions, such as lowering interest rates (52.17%), increasing loan amounts (42.61%), and offering loans in both cash and kind (31.30%), reflect their desire for more flexible and accessible credit options. Establishing agriculture credit counselling services within banks, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, like Zero Budget Natural Farming, Leveraging fintech solutions, and revitalizing Primary Agriculture Credit Societies (PACS) would make the agricultural credit system more inclusive and efficient, transforming constraints into opportunities for India’s farmers.
CONSTRAINTS FACED BY FARM WOMEN IN ACCESSING AND UTILISATION OF DIGITAL EXTENSION SERVICES
Authors:   PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Challa Lalitha Navya
Published: January 2025

Over the years, the role of farm women is prominent in Indian Agriculture. Myriad numbers of digital based extension services are operating in the domain of agriculture to hasten the on-time delivery and disseminate the customized information to the farming community. The present study was conducted during 2021, aimed at understanding the profile characteristics of farm women accessing the digital extension services and constraints faced by the same in three Zones of Telangana state. Majority of the respondents were middle aged (66.70%) who can read and write (59.00%), possessed marginal landholding (81.70%) with medium farming experience (52.50%), belonged to under lower-middle annual income category (56.70%), less e-ready (46.70%), medium level of access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) services(38.30%), higher level of frequency of use of ICT services(46.70%),while low internet in the rural areas (81.67%),low level of literacy among women farmers (80.00%), dual role of farm women(76.67%),lack of training and skill in handling(70.83%) and difficulty in utilizing the ICT based gadgets and services (66.67%)were the major constraints identified and are the bottlenecks for the effective utilisation of the digital extension services by farm women. The study highlights the efforts at various levels to address the constrains in order to effectively reach out to maximum extent of women farmers so that, women farmers can reap the benefits of the Digital Extension Services and agriculture development can be possible.
KNOWLEDGE OF DAIRY FARMERS ABOUT SCIENTIFIC DAIRY FARMING PRACTICES
Authors:   KU, Anand, Chaudhary V. M. , Patel U. M. ,   KU, Anand, Ghasura R. S. ,   KU, Anand
Published: January 2025

In the changing of world economy, Indian farmers have to compete with farmers of developed countries whose socio-economic conditions are much better. The knowledge of an innovation is prerequisite for adoption. Looking into this, the study was carried out in Anand district on knowledge of 202 dairy farmers towards scientific dairy farming practices. The result indicated that the majority (71.30 per cent) of dairy farmers had overall medium level of knowledge about scientific dairy farming practices. Majority of dairy farmers had medium level of knowledge about breeding practices (72.3 per cent), feeding practices (77.2 per cent), health care practices (75.2 per cent) and management practise (75.2 per cent). Highest level of knowledge about breeding practices with mean score per cent 66.25 was observed among dairy farmers. Out of twelve independent variable eight variable had positive and highly significant correlation with the knowledge level of dairy farmers. It is due to that the dairy farmers were more aware about breeding practices and feeding practices which resulting to increase the production of milk and income.
UTILIZATION OF ICT TOOLS AMONG DAIRY FARMERS AND ASSOCIATED SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
Authors:   NDRI, Karnal, Sai Bharath Chinni Venkata , Raghuprasad K. P. ,   GKVK, Bengaluru, B. Mounika ,   NDRI, Karnal
Published: January 2025

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools have emerged as pivotal assets in modernizing agricultural and allied sectors. ICT in dairy farming has several applications, from improved market information and real-time weather updates to personalized advisory services for the farmers. The current study explored how farmers use ICT tools in dairy farming to meet their information needs and how different factors are associated with it. The research design used was ex post facto. A total of 120 dairy farmers were chosen at random from 6 villages in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state, and using an interview schedule, data was gathered. The results showed that most (47.50%) of the dairy farmers belonged to the medium level of ICT tools usage, followed by (31.70%) under low and (20.80%) under high categories. ICT tools that were primarily being used in the sample area were television, followed by mobile phones for getting market information and maintaining sales records, and disease management. Farmers usage of ICT tools is significantly influenced by a combination of socioeconomic, behavioural, and psychological factors, which included education, land ownership, income, information seeking habits, extension engagement, and attitudes toward risk, innovation, and achievement. While age and experience in dairy farming were negatively correlated with the usage of ICT tools, family size appears to have no effect on usage of ICT tools among the dairy farmers.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES OF TRIBAL AND NON-TRIBAL RICE FARMERS TOWARD SUSTAINABLE RICE FARMING
Authors:   KAU, Thrissur, Binth. T Shahlas , Kumar A. Anil ,   KAU, Thrissur, K. P Smitha ,   KAU, Thrissur
Published: January 2025

This study in Wayanad district, Kerala, aimed to explore the profile characteristics of tribal and non-tribal rice farmers and their attitudes toward sustainable rice farming. One panchayat from each Agro-Ecological Unit (AEU) with significant rice cultivation and tribal populations was selected, with 180 respondents (30 tribal and 30 non-tribal farmers from each panchayat) chosen randomly. Thirteen personal and social characteristics were analysed as independent variables. Both groups generally fell into the medium category for variables such as extension participation, information-seeking behaviour, achievement motivation, deferred gratification, rational orientation, and innovative proneness. A simple correlation was identified between the selected profile characteristics and the attitudes of tribal and non-tribal rice farmers towards sustainable rice farming. The study found that tribal farmers’ attitudes towards sustainability positively correlated with their age, farming experience, extension participation, achievement motivation, and deferred gratification, but were inversely related to factors like educational status, occupational status, annual income, family size, information-seeking behaviour, market orientation, rational orientation, and innovative proneness. For non-tribal farmers, positive attitudes toward sustainability were linked to age, farming experience, deferred gratification, rational orientation, and innovative proneness. However, an inverse relationship was observed with educational status, occupational status, annual income, information-seeking behaviour, achievement motivation, and market orientation.
PREVAILING CALF MORTALITY AND ITS PATTERNS IN CROSSBRED CATTLE
Authors:   KU, Anand, Chaudhary V. M. , Patel U. M. ,   KU, Anand, Jadav S. J. ,   KU, Anand
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to know the prevailing crossbred calf rearing practices and crossbred calf mortality and its patterns in the Anand district of Gujarat, India. Using simple random sampling methods, 200 crossbred cattle owners from 20 villages of 4 talukas from the Anand district were selected. The data were collected based on the interview schedule. The majority of crossbred cattle owners had not adopted the different calf management practices viz., cutting the navel cord with sterilized sharp object, provision of milk replacer, calf starter, salt, bedding facility, deworming agent at every month up to six months and vaccine. An overall crossbred calf mortality was observed 51.68% in the study area. There was a higher mortality rate in male calves (71.64%) than female calves (31.57%) because of negligence towards the male calf. The mortality rate observed was higher during the first three months of age (73.18%) and during monsoon (44.93%). A major reason for death of calf said by crossbred cattle owner was diarrhoea/ dysentery (35.51%). A negative and significant relationship was observed between providing milk to the calf, providing calf starter with crossbred calf mortality. A negative and significant relationship was observed between experience in dairy farming of crossbred cattle owner, training in animal husbandry and crossbred calf mortality. Participation in various animal husbandry training programs and adoption of scientific management practices will be helpful to reduce crossbred calf mortality rate at the field level.
ADOPTION OF GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN MANGO CULTIVATION
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Khodifad P. B. , Chaudhari M. V. ,   LPU, Punjab, Chadhary K. L. ,   NAU, Navsari
Published: January 2025

Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) is one of the quality standards within the framework of commercial agricultural production for long-term improvement and sustainability. Quality Council of India (QCI) launched Good Agricultural Practices for India – INDGAP defining certain minimum standards with a well-defined certification and accreditation mechanism to facilitate national and international farm produce trade. Despite the benefits of GAP in mango production, there is little information known by the farmers about it, even though they lack adoption of the GAP. The present study was conducted to explore the level of adoption of Good Agricultural Practices by the mango growers in the Navsari district of Gujarat. For the selection of respondents, a multistage random sampling technique was employed. Data were collected through personal interviews using the structured schedule. The study indicated that more than half (53.00 percent) of the mango growers had a low level of overall adoption of GAPs of mango cultivation, followed by 34.00 percent of respondents. Results of practices-wise adoption clearly revealed that waste and pollution management practices under all farm base component was adopted by 43.00 per cent of respondents, whereas irrigation practices of GAP, fertilizer application and site history and site management were adopted by 78.00, 74.00 and by 72.00 per cent of respondents, respectively.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFILE OF NAUROJI NOVEL USERS WITH THEIR EFFECTIVE USE OF NAUROJI NOVEL ORGANIC LIQUID NUTRIENTS
Authors:   SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, Parmar H. A. , G Nethravathi. ,   NAU, Bharuch, Chaudhari H. C. ,   SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar
Published: January 2025

Fertilizer plays a significant role in increasing crop yield and helps to ensure food security in any country. Nevertheless, he excessive use of fertilizer has led to several environmental impacts including pollution and groundwater contamination in different parts of the world. In the present scenario, most agricultural lands have been used for more than 100 or several years for agricultural purposes. Because of this continuous usage of lands and the application of chemical fertilizer, soil quality is being declined. Agricultural practices are increasingly leaning towards committing to a sustainable environment. Considering this, organic farming has become acceptable to many farmers. Many are practicing environmental-friendly practices such as using organic liquid fertilizer/nutrients instead of the synthetic alternative. Trend of organic farming is increasing day by day and it is the most urgent need to human being. Navsari Agricultural University is also working on organic farming concept and regularly updating package of practices of different crops through organic inputs. So, a study was conducted to know the relationship between profile of respondents and their effective use about nauroji novel organic liquid nutrients. The study was conducted in Navsari and Bharuch district, two talukas of each district were selected and reveal that, out of sixteen independent variables education, land holding, occupation, annual income, social participation, farming experience, economic motivation, scientific orientation, mass media exposure, innovative proneness, extension contact, motivational source and attitude towards IPM technologies were found positively and significantly associated whereas, gender and size of family had non-significant association and age had negatively non-significant association.
KNOWLEDGE OF KINNOW GROWERS ABOUT IMPROVED KINNOW PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY UNDER NATIONAL HORTICULTURE MISSION
Authors:   SKRAU, Beechwal, Meena Sanju , Kaur Manmeet , Rathore Surya ,   ICAR-NAARM,  Rajendranagar
Published: January 2025

Horticulture sector is known as second revolution of agriculture which plays an important role in enhancing the socio-economic status of farmers by increasing their income, contributing to the complete eradication of poverty and increasing nutritional security. Due to the availability of all suitable agro-climatic conditions in India, citrus cover a large area & production. Among citrus crops, Kinnow occupies a distinctive place in horticulture. Recognizing the enormous importance of horticulture in Indian agriculture, the Government of India launched the National Horticulture Mission (NHM) in 2005-06 with objective to promote the complete and holistic development of the horticulture sector with the help of research, technology promotion, extension and post-harvest technology. Therefore, the present study was carried to measure the knowledge of the farmers pertaining to improved kinnow production technology under NHM. The present investigation was conducted in Sriganganagar district of Rajasthan state which was selected purposely. There were nine Panchayat Samitis in Sri Ganganagar district. Out of these; three Panchayat Samitis namely SriGanganagar, SriKaranpur and Padampur were purposely selected on the basis of highest area and production of kinnow. The proportionate random sampling method was used to select the beneficiary respondents and same numbers of respondents who were not benefitted under NHM were also selected randomly and they were called as non-beneficiary respondents. Thus, total 180 respondents i.e. 90 beneficiary and 90 non-beneficiary respondents were taken from selected Panchayat Samitis. The results of the present investigation revealed that majority of the kinnow growers had middle level of knowledge about improved kinnow production technology. The highest knowledge was on the aspect of “general information” and least knowledge was about “plant material”. There was a significant association observed amongst education, occupation, mass media exposure and extension agency contact with knowledge level of the kinnow growers about improved kinnow production technology under NHM.
COMPARISON OF GREENHOUSE CUCUMBER YIELD USING DRIP IRRIGATION AND SURFACE IRRIGATION IN INJIL DISTRICT OF HERAT PROVINCE
Authors:   Herat University, Afghanistan, Fazely Abdul Sattar , Moradi Mohammad Masoud ,   Herat University, Afghanistan, Habibi Samiullah ,   Herat University, Afghanistan
Published: January 2025

This research was carried out in 2022in Injil District, Herat province in order to investigate the performance of greenhouse cucumbers using drip irrigation and surface irrigation. The data was collected from a sample of 60people using pre-prepared questionnaires. 23.33% of the people under research have small families (1-3). 45% of the people under study were illiterate, 31.66% of the people under research study had (1-5) years of farming experience. 50% of the people under research were average farmers who had between (300-500) meters of land. 5% of the people under the research have a low annual income less than 159,312 Afghanis. 86.66% of the people under the study believe that the use of drip irrigation saves water. They believe that one of the disadvantages of the drip irrigation system is its high costs. 85% of the people under the study believe that the use of surface irrigation reduces the cost. 46.66% of the people under the research believe that the yield of cucumbers using surface irrigation is at an average level, but 63.66% of the people under the research believe that the yield of greenhouse cucumbers is using drip irrigation is at a high level. The majority of cucumber greenhouse owners (65%) believe that the crop level in one harvest period using drip irrigation is more than (25) tons. The majority of cucumber greenhouse owners (65%) believe that the level of the crop in two harvest periods using drip irrigation is more than (50) tons. However, regarding surface irrigation, the majority of cucumber greenhouse owners (63.33%) believe that the crop level in one harvest period using surface irrigation is on average between (20-25) tons. The majority of cucumber greenhouse owners (66.66%) believe that the level of the crop in two harvesting periods using surface irrigation is between 40-50 tons.
GROUP DYNAMICS OF FARMER/COMMUNITY INTEREST GROUPS WORKING UNDER ATMA
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Kavad S. D. , Kumbhani S. R. ,   NAU, Navsari, Lad M. D. ,   NAU, Navsari
Published: January 2025

Agriculture is the largest unorganized sector in India. Still the farmers never have any vibrant model to organize themselves. In this situation farmers’ organizations have its prime importance. The formation / promotion / mobilization of Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs) / Commodity Interest Groups (CIGs) is one of the main activities of Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) project. Study was conducted in the six district of South Gujarat, five FIGs / CIGs working under ATMA from each district were selected randomly from the list of FIGs/CIGs. Ten respondents (group members) from each group were selected randomly. Thus, total 300 respondents were interviewed for this study. In the present study, ‘Group Dynamics’ of the FIGs / CIGs members were quantified with the help of an index called ‘Group Dynamics Index (GDI)’. The majority of the members of FIG/CIG are from middle to old age group, having middle school education, living in nuclear family, farming + animal husbandry as main occupation, land holding up to 1 ha., keeping small size of herd, medium level of farming experience, income between Rs. 50,000 to 1 lakh, participated in 2-3 organizations, received two trainings, medium extension contacts, mass media exposure, economic orientation, risk orientation and low market orientation. The members exhibited moderate to strong group dynamics pattern. Highly significant association of 8 identified independent variables found with group dynamics. Stepwise regression shows that 3 variables viz., Economic orientation, Extension contacts and Market orientation have positive maximum effect on Group Dynamics.
PERCEIVED SWAYS OF CONTRACT FARMING ON EMPLOYMENT GENERATION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Anand Basu , Pradhan K. ,   Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Acharya Sankar Kumar ,   Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relationship between the perceived sways of contract farming on employment generation and poverty reduction among smallholders, focusing on socio-demographic factors using Path Analysis. Conducted in the Cooch Behar II block of West Bengal’s Cooch Behar district, this research followed an ex-post-facto research design. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the northern district due to the extensive socio-cultural milieu of contract farming of potatoes and other crops. A purposive, multistage random sampling method was used, with 100 contract farmers interviewed from ten selected villages between January and April 2023. Data were collected via personal interviews tabulated in MS Excel and analysed using OPSTAT. Results indicate that “Contract Farming Experience” (X04) had the strongest direct positive effect (0.483) on the dependent variable, while “Family Annual Expenditure” (X06) had the smallest direct effect (-0.334). Among the 19 variables studied, only two- “Contract Farming Experience” (X04) and “Communication Skills” (X10)-showed significant effects on employment and poverty outcomes, at 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. The analysis also revealed that “Family Annual Expenditure” (X06) exerted the highest indirect effect (0.41), while the variable “Economically Active Member” (X08) had the lowest (-0.133). Further, seven substantial indirect effects were mediated through “Communication Skills” (X10), five through “Family Annual Income” (X5), with two indirect influences from “Management Orientation” (X19), “Contract Farming Experience” (X4), and one through “Age” (X1). These findings underscore the role of experience and communication skills in influencing contract farming outcomes for smallholders.
PERCEPTION OF RURAL YOUTH TOWARDS FARMING AS AN ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Sarmah Bhuyasi , Deka Chittaranjan ,   Extension Education Institute (NE Region), Guwahati, Borua Sajib ,   Extension Education Institute (NE Region), Guwahati
Published: January 2025

Rural youth are valuable human resources who may contribute significantly to both developmental initiatives and agriculture of a nation. India has the largest population of youth referred to as Gen-Z. As most of the youth in India are living in rural areas, so a clear understanding and a correct perception in farming and allied activities is necessary for them. With the help of Ex-Post-Facto research design this present study was carried out in Jorhat and Morigaon districts of Assam. 120 respondents from 4 villages of both the districts was selected by using a multi stage purposive cum random sampling design. Primary data for the study was collected through the use of personal interview and structured schedule. For analysis of data, Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient, chi square test were used. Through the use of correlation and Chi-square tables it was determined that age, the size of operational land holding, farming experience, entrepreneurial experience, training exposure, attitude towards farming, annual family income were positively and significantly related and educational level, preferences of livelihood, gender, mass media exposure, membership in social organization have significant association with perception of rural youth towards farming as an enterprise.
CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF WOMEN FARMERS’ CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TOWARDS EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CEREAL CROPS
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Parikh N. L. , Patel J. B. ,   AAU, Anand, Usadadiya N. H. ,   AAU, Anand
Published: January 2025

Climate change significantly impacts agricultural systems, particularly in rainfed regions like Dahod district, Gujarat, India, where cereal crops such as maize form the dietary staple. Women farmers, integral to smallholder agricultural systems, are highly vulnerable to climate change due to socio-economic constraints, limited resource access and a reliance on climate-sensitive livelihoods. This study examines the how women farmers’ characteristics affect the sensitivity towards effect of climate change. The study utilized an ex-post-facto research design, selecting 40 women farmers from two talukas of Dahod district through random sampling. Correlation and regression analyses were performed on data collected for 14 independent variables. Sensitivity towards effects of climate change on cereal crops served as the dependent variable. The findings reveal significant positive correlations between sensitivity and variables such as education, irrigation source, extension contact, change proneness, scientific orientation, and risk orientation, while age and farming experience demonstrated negative correlations. Regression analysis highlighted farming experience, landholding, extension contact, and cosmopoliteness as key predictors, explaining 61.5% of the variation in sensitivity. Step-wise regression analysis indicated that cosmopoliteness alone accounted for 39.5% of the variation, increasing to 58.5% when combined with farming experience and extension contact.