bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KANDUNGAN L-DOPA DALAM VARIASI PERENDAMAN DAN PEREBUSAN DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN TEMPE BENGUK
Authors: Winarni Sri , Dharmawan Yudhy
Published: March 2016

Abstrak

L-Dopa biji koro benguk sebesar 14,7%, berbeda dengan tempe benguk. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji L-Dopa dalam 4 pengolahan tempe benguk yang berbeda. Penelitian tahun 2015 ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan mengamati proses pengolahan tempe benguk dan menguji L-Dopa dalam fraksi tempe benguk dengan HPLC. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pemilik industri tempe benguk. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan metode purposif sampling, menentukan 4 industri tempe benguk yang sering digunakan. Proses pertama dengan satu rebusan 1-1,5 jam dan satu rendaman (2 hari) mengandung L-Dopa 8425,00 ppm. Proses kedua yaitu rebusan dua kali 1-1,5 jam dan ulangan rendaman tiga kali (setiap rendaman 1 hari 1 malam) mengandung L-Dopa 389,42 ppm. Proses ketiga yaitu ulangan rebusan dua kali (1,5-2 jam) dan rendaman satu kali mengandung L-Dopa 2163,37 ppm. Proses keempat rebusan satu kali (< 1 jam) dan rendaman satu kali (dua hari) mengandung L-Dopa tertinggi yaitu 9781,55 ppm.

Kata kunci : Tempe benguk; Perendaman Perebusan; L-Dopa

 

Abtract

L-Dopa of koro benguk seed is around 14,7%, different with benguk tempeh. The objective of this study is to test L-Dopa in 4 different ways. Data were collected in 2015 by observing benguk tempeh processing and testing L-Dopa in benguk tempeh  (HPLC). The population of this study are all owners of benguk tempeh industries. The sample was taken by using purposive sampling, determining 4 benguk tempeh industries that mostly used. The first process with one boiling 1-1,5 hours and  one immersion (2 days) contain L-Dopa 8425,00 ppm. The second process with two boiling 1-1,5 hours and repetition immersion three times (each immersion 1 day 1 night) contains L-Dopa 389,42 ppm. The third process is twice re-boiling once (< 1 hour)  and immersion once again (2 days) contain the high L-Dopa that is 9781,55 ppm.

Keyword : Benguk tempeh; Soaking-boiling; L-Dopa
Dukungan Informasi bagi Ibu-ibu Menyusui dalam Memberikan ASI Eksklusif di Kecamatan Gondokusuman Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Wibowo Marsiana
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Breast milk is the first and the best choice of food for infants in early life. Various efforts have been taken by the government of Indonesia to encourage mothers to breastfeed their children exclusively. However, exclusive breastfeeding outcomes in most areas are still low. Yogyakarta is one of those areas, especially in the Gondokusuman Subdistrict with breastfeeding outcome only 23.2%. The outcome should be 80% according to the target in the Minimum Service Standards of Health. The succes of 23.2% breastfeeding mothers to breast feed exclusevely because of the support that receive by them, one is the informational support.The purpose of this study was to determine what kind of informational support to breast feed exclusively which is received by nursing mothers in the Gondokusuman Subdistrict. The type of research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. In depth interviews and focus group discussion (FGD) are used for data collection techniques. Depth interviews were conducted to mothers who exclusively breastfed, mothers who did not exclusively breastfeed, the husband of nursing mothers, and health care workers. Investigation of the trustworthiness of the study using triangulation of methods and sources. Thematic Content Analysis is used for data analysis. These results indicate that informational support is very important for pregnant and nursing mothers to be able to provide exclusive breastfeeding to their babies. Informational support in the form of support from health workers and significant others, the support of health care and UKBM (Community Based Health Unit), availability of health promotion media, completeness of information, easier access of information for nursing mothers. Information gleaned from significant others or people who are influential for nursing mothers have a more important role, because of the closer emotional factor. Therefore, nursing mothers need to build a positive environment in order to obtain sufficient information for the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

Keyword : Exclusive breastfeeding, Informational support, Phenomenological
POTENSI PENDIDIKAN GIZI DALAM MENINGKATKAN ASUPAN GIZI PADA REMAJA PUTRI YANG ANEMIA DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Silalahi Verarica , Aritonang Evawany , Ashar Taufik
Published: March 2016

Abstrak

Remaja putri merupakan kelompok anemia berisiko tinggi dibandingkan putra dengan prevalensi di Indonesia 26,5%. Penelitian quasy experiment dengan desain pre-post intervention bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan gizi dan konsumsi zat gizi remaja putri. Sampel berjumlah 51 orang yang dilakukan di SMP Negeri 21 Medan tahun 2015. Pendidikan gizi diberikan dua kali dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab dengan booklet. Asupan gizi diketahui dengan metode food recall 24 jam (dua kali). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa skor pengetahuan gizi meningkat dari 62,39±12,05 poin menjadi 72,31±17,01 poin. Asupan gizi (protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, asam folat, besi, zink, tembaga) mengalami penurunan sesudah intervensi. Ada perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) skor pengetahuan gizi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Tidak ada perbedaan (p>0,05) asupan gizi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan gizi hanya meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi remaja putri, tetapi tidak meningkatkan asupan gizi.

Kata Kunci : pendidikan gizi, asupan gizi, remaja putri, anemia

 

Abstract

Adolescent girls are high risk to anemia rather than boys with prevalence in Indonesia 26,5%. This quasy experiment research with pretest-posttest group design study aimed to analyze effect of nutrition education on knowledge and nutrition consumption in adolescent girls. Samples with 51 subjects was conducted in Junior High School 21 Medan in 2015. The nutrition education was given twice using lecture & question answer with booklet. Nutrition consumption was gathered twice with food recall 24 hours method. The results showed that knowledge nutrition score increased from 62.39±12.05 points to 72.31±17.01 points. Nutrients intake (protein, vitamin C, Vitamin A, folic acid, iron, zink, copper) decreased in the post intervention. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) nutrition knowledge pre and post intervention, and no difference (p>0.05) nutrition consumption pre and post intervention. This imply that nutrition education only improved the adolescent girls’ knowledge nutrition, but did not improved the nutrient intake.

Keyword : Nutrition Education; Nutrient Intake; Adolescent Girls; Anemia.
IDENTIFIKASI SOMATOTYPE, STATUS GIZI, DAN DIETARY ATLET REMAJA STOP AND GO SPORTS
Authors: Penggalih Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis , Pratiwi Diana , Fitria Fajri , Sari Maria Dina Perwita , Narruti Nadia Hanun , Winata I Nyoman , Fatimah Fatimah , Kusumawati Marina Dyah
Published: March 2016

Kelelahan akibat durasi permainan yang panjang dengan intensitas gerakan cepat dan tiba-tiba menjadi masalah yang paling umum terjadi pada atlet stop and go sports . Peran zat gizi dalam upaya pencapaian performa maksimal sering dilupakan. Bersama dengan latihan yang intensif, asupan yang adekuat dapat membentuk somatotype yang juga dapat membantu performa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi somatotype serta mengevaluasi asupan makanan dan minuman atlet remaja kategori olahraga stop and go sports di Wisma Atlet Ragunan, Jakarta di bawah Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga Republik Indonesia. Sebanyak 28 atlet remaja (14-18 tahun) mengikuti pengukuran somatotype dan komposisi tubuh. Pengukuran asupan makanan dan minuman juga dilakukan dengan metode 24 hours food recall dan semi quantitative fluid frequency. Seluruh atlet kategori stop and go sports memiliki status gizi normal walaupun persentase pemenuhan asupan sebagian besar atlet masih inadekuat. Rerata somatotype ditemukan bervariasi berdasarkan cabang olahraga, yaitu atlet basket tergolong mesomorphic endomorph (4,2-3,4-1,4), atlet sepak bola ditemukan balanced mesomorph (2,6-6,6-2,9) dan atlet voli termasuk central (2,8-2,4-2,8). 
Kepercayaan Masyarakat terhadap Kinerja Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Rangka Penegakan Konstitusi di Indonesia
Authors: Simanjuntak Arif Sharon
Published: March 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap kinerja hakim konstitusi berdasarkan putusan yang saling bertentangan tersebut. Digunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif-kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi serta studi pustaka. Untuk memeriksa objektifitas dan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan teknik triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menemukan kepercayaan masyarakat masih tinggi terhadap kinerja hakim konstitusi. Namun, putusan bertentangan yang dikeluarkan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi menimbulkan kekacauan konstitusional. Akan tetapi tidak ada aturan yang melarang Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk membuat putusan yang bertentangan. Dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat Mahkamah Konstitusi harus menjaga transparansinya, meningkatkan kualitas putusan dan integritas hakim. Persepsi atau tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat dapat menjadi faktor pendorong untuk menghilangkan eksistensi sebagai hakim konstitusi bila masyarakat menemukan hakim konstitusi melanggar kode etik dan melakukan tindakan melawan hukum.

This research addressess to analyze social trust towards constitutional court judge performance based on contrary constitutional court verdict. This research applies descriptive- qualitative research methodology with socio-legal approach. Observation, interview and documentation methods use to collect data or information. This research found that constitutional court still procure the social trust. However, contrary verdict which issued by constitutional court made a disorder constitution. But there is no regulation to ban the constitutional court issued contrary verdict. To increase the social trust, constitutional court should be transparent, increase the verdict quality and keep the judge integrity well. Perception or social trust can be a stimulation to nullified judges existence if they found that constitutional court judges break the law and disobeyed constitutional judges code of conduct.
Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial di Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial dalam Pemenuhan Hak Pekerja/Buruh Yang di Putus Hubungan Kerja
Authors: Fatimah Yani Nur
Published: March 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab terjdinya PHK, kompensasi yang diberikan kepeda pekerja/buruh yang di PHK berdasarkan putusan hakim PHI dan peran hakim PHI dalam memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap kasus kasus PHK. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme PHK berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, serta mengenai pemenuhan hak pekerja yang mengalami PHK yang tercantum dalam perjanjian kerja jika terjadi PHK maka pekerja/buruh hanya memperoleh 1 (satu) kali dan uang pengantian hak sesuai dengan Undang-Undang. Selanjutnya mengenai perlindungan hukum terkait pemberian kompensasi pekerja/buruh. Terkait mengenai upaya hukum yang dilakukan pekerja/buruh demi memperjuangkan hak-haknya melalui non litigasi dan litigasi. Non litigasi atau diluar pengadilan dilakukan memalui konsiliasi dan mediasi yang dijalankan secara muyawarah yang ditengahi oleh Dinakertrans. Sedangkan litigasi atau melalui jalur pengadilan dilakukan memalui Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial.

This study aimed to analyze the factors that cause terjdinya layoffs, compensation provided kepeda workers / laborers whose employment is terminated by the judge’s ruling and the role of judges PHI PHI to provide legal certainty to the cases of layoffs. These results indicate that the mechanism of layoffs under Law No. 13 of 2003 on Labor, as well as the fulfillment of the rights of workers who were laid off were contained in employment contracts in the event of layoff the workers / laborers only get 1 (one) time and money replacement right in accordance with the Law. Furthermore, regarding the legal protection related to compensation of workers / laborers. Related legal efforts undertaken regarding workers / labor for asserting their rights through non-litigation and litigation. Non litigation or outside court is performed by the conciliation and mediation run muyawarah brokered by Dinakertrans. While litigation or through the courts is performed by the Industrial Relations Court.
Management of Neonates Born to Mothers With Graves’ Disease
Authors: van der Kaay Daniëlle C.M. , Wasserman Jonathan D. , Palmert Mark R.
Published: March 2016

Neonates born to mothers with Graves’ disease are at risk for significant morbidity and mortality and need to be appropriately identified and managed. Because no consensus guidelines regarding the treatment of these newborns exist, we sought to generate a literature-based management algorithm. The suggestions include the following: (1) Base initial risk assessment on maternal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies. If levels are negative, no specific neonatal follow-up is necessary; if unavailable or positive, regard the newborn as “at risk” for the development of hyperthyroidism. (2) Determine levels of TSH-receptor antibodies in cord blood, or as soon as possible thereafter, so that newborns with negative antibodies can be discharged from follow-up. (3) Measurement of cord TSH and fT4 levels is not indicated. (4) Perform fT4 and TSH levels at day 3 to 5 of life, repeat at day 10 to 14 of life and follow clinically until 2 to 3 months of life. (5) Use the same testing schedule in neonates born to mothers with treated or untreated Graves’ disease. (6) When warranted, use methimazole (MMI) as the treatment of choice; β-blockers can be added for sympathetic hyperactivity. In refractory cases, potassium iodide may be used in conjunction with MMI. The need for treatment of asymptomatic infants with biochemical hyperthyroidism is uncertain. (7) Assess the MMI-treated newborn on a weekly basis until stable, then every 1 to 2 weeks, with a decrease of MMI (and other medications) as tolerated. MMI treatment duration is most commonly 1 to 2 months. (8) Be cognizant that central or primary hypothyroidism can occur in these newborns.
Urgent Care and Emergency Department Visits in the Pediatric Medicaid Population
Authors: Montalbano Amanda , Rodean Jonathan , Kangas Juhi , Lee Brian , Hall Matt
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:

Urgent care (UC) is one of the fastest growing venues of health care delivery. We compared clinical and cost attributes of pediatric UC and emergency department (ED) visits that did not result in admission.

METHODS:

Our study examined 5 925 568 ED and UC visits of children under 19 years old in the 2010 through 2012 Marketscan Medicaid Multi-State Database. Basic demographics, diagnoses, severity, and payments were compared. Between ED and UC visits, χ2 tests were used for proportions and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used for continuous variables.

RESULTS:

The UC and ED had the same most common diagnoses. Over half the UC visits were low severity. The ED had a higher rate of return within 7 days (8.4% vs 6.9%, P < .001) and follow-up with their primary care physician (22% vs 17.2%, P < .001). Few (<1%) were admitted on return visits from the ED or UC. Payments for UC were significantly less (median $76.90 vs $186.20, P < .001). This continued to hold true when comparing payments for selected diagnoses and each severity level. By extrapolating the cost savings, a national Medicaid per-year savings, if all lowest severity level visits were seen in UC, was more than $50 million.

CONCLUSIONS:

UC and ED Medicaid visits have similar most common diagnoses, rate of return, and admission. Severity level and payments were lower in UC. There is potential significant cost savings if lower acuity cases can be transitioned from the ED to UC.
The solvability of some nonlinear functional integral equations
Authors: Özdemir İsmet , Çakan Ümit
Published: March 2016

In this paper, using a Darbo type fixed point theorem associated with the measure of noncompactness we prove a theorem on the existence of solutions of some nonlinear functional integral equations in the space of continuous functions on interval [0, a]. We give also some examples which show that the obtained results are applicable
Existence results for a second order nonlocal boundary value problem at resonance
Authors: Szymańska-Dȩbowska Katarzyna
Published: March 2016

The paper focuses on existence of solutions of a system of nonlocal resonant boundary value problems , where f : [0, 1] × ℝk → ℝk is continuous and g : [0, 1] → ℝk is a function of bounded variation. Imposing on the function f the following condition: the limit limλ→∞f(t, λ a) exists uniformly in a ∈ Sk−1, we have shown that the problem has at least one solution.
Existence of periodic solutions of fourth-order p-Laplacian difference equations
Authors: Shi Haiping , Liu Xia , Zhang Yuanbiao
Published: March 2016

By making use of the critical point theory, the existence of periodic solutions for fourth-order nonlinear p-Laplacian difference equations is obtained. The main approach used in our paper is a variational technique and the Saddle Point Theorem. The problem is to solve the existence of periodic solutions of fourth-order nonlinear p-Laplacian difference equations. The results obtained successfully generalize and complement the existing one.
Turán type inequalities for confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind
Authors: Baricz Árpád , Ponnusamy Saminathan , Singh Sanjeev
Published: March 2016

In this paper we deduce some tight Turán type inequalities for Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind, which in some cases improve the existing results in the literature. We also give alternative proofs for some already established Turán type inequalities. Moreover, by using these Turán type inequalities, we deduce some new inequalities for Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions of the second kind. The key tool in the proof of the Turán type inequalities is an integral representation for a quotient of Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions, which arises in the study of the infinite divisibility of the Fisher-Snedecor F distribution.
Strong approximation of Black-Scholes theory based on simple random walks
Authors: Nika Zsolt , Szabados Tamás
Published: March 2016

A basic model in financial mathematics was introduced by Black, Scholes and Merton in 1973. A classical discrete approximation in distribution is the binomial model given by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein in 1979. In this work we give a strong (almost sure, pathwise) discrete approximation of the BSM model using a suitable nested sequence of simple, symmetric random walks. The approximation extends to the stock price process, the value process, the replicating portfolio, and the greeks. An important tool in the approximation is a discrete version of the Feynman-Kac formula as well.

Our aim is to show that from an elementary discrete approach, by taking simple limits, one may get the continuous versions. We think that such an approach can be advantageous for both research and applications. Moreover, it is hoped that this approach has pedagogical merits as well: gives insight and seems suitable for teaching students whose mathematical background may not contain e.g. measure theory or stochastic analysis.
Légköri jegesedésnek kitett villamos távvezetékek numerikus vizsgálata
Authors: Kálmán Tamás
Published: March 2016

Azokban az országokban, ahol a légköri jegesedés gyakorta okoz komoly károkat a mérnöki építményekben, komoly hangsúlyt fektetnek e tudományterület alapos megismerésére és olyan technológiák, eljárások kifejlesztésére, amelyekkel a katasztrófák elkerülhetőek vagy legalábbis hatásuk mérsékelhető. A mérnöki építmények egyik ilyen, légköri jegesedésnek kitett szegmense a villamos energiaátviteli hálózatokon alkalmazott berendezések, szerkezetek. Ezen építmények megrongálódásáért a téli időszakban gyakran felelős a szerkezetekre rakodó jég, tapadó hó vagy zúzmara. Jelen tanulmány általános összefoglalót kíván adni a villamos energiaátviteli hálózatot érintő légköri jegesedésről és egy olyan eljárásról, mellyel a távvezetékre rakódott jég mechanikus erő, azaz ütés hatására eltávolítható. A szerző egy olyan eljárást dolgozott ki a jeges távvezetékek numerikus vizsgálatára, mely modellezi az ütés hatására bekövetkező jéghullás okozta dinamikus hatásokat, úgy, hogy figyelembe veszi a kábelre rakódott jég mechanikai tulajdonságait. A szerző Kanadában, a CIGELE kutatócsoport keretében végzett PhD tanulmányainak eredményét használta fel jelen tanulmány megírására, kiegészítve azt a témában az óta elért új tudományos eredményekkel.
Az atomerőműre történő repülőgéprázuhanás építőmérnöki aspektusai
Authors: Laczák Lili Eszter , Károlyi György
Published: March 2016

A repülőgép-becsapódáshoz tartozó extrém terhek valószínűsége átlagos építmények esetén elhanyagolható, így az általános tervezési előírások, szabványok ezeket nem tartalmazzák. Kiemelt létesítmények, például atomerőművek esetében azonban a lehetséges következmények súlyossága miatt mindenképpen foglalkoznunk kell ütközések hatásaival, az előírt vizsgálatok a tervezési alapban is megjelennek. Cikkünk nagy merevségű szerkezetbe történő repülőgép-ütközés hatásait tárgyalja építőmérnöki szempontból. Az atomerőmű konténmentjének, a hermetikus teret határoló szerkezetnek a falai 1–1,5 m vastagságú vasbeton anyagú, sűrűn, több rétegben vasalt falak, így a vasbeton anyag viselkedése jelentős mértékben meghatározza az ütközés következményeit. Röviden összefoglaljuk a beton és a betonacél viselkedésének jellemzőit magas hőmérséklettel járó, ütközés jellegű terhek esetén. Ezen felül bemutatjuk az ütközés globális (teljes szerkezetet érintő) és lokális (az ütközési zónában lejátszódó, az állékonyságot nem veszélyeztető) hatásait. Kitérünk a hatások lehetséges modellezésére, a napjainkban leginkább elterjedt számítási, vizsgálati módszerekre.
Pemahaman Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan tentang Pendidikan Umum dengan Kekhasan Agama Islam di MAN 3 Malang
Authors: Tolchah Moch
Published: March 2016

Discourses on Islamic school curriculum can be divided into theoretical and practical levels. In this paper, the practical level of the curriculum is examined in terms of its philosophical meaning within teachers, the translation of the philosophical view into school curriculum, and what strategy is being used to sharpen the curriculum messages. This article discusses the understanding of the school teachers and administrators towards the specific religious characteristics of public education at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 3 Malang. From the field research, this article finds three important results. First, the educators in MAN 3 Malang perceived their institution as the agent of amalgamation between Pesantren tradition and secular education to uphold excellences in academic and non-academic areas. Second, in order to materialize such philosophical thought, the educa-tors developed and implemented particular schemata. Third, in order to strengthen Islamic characteristics through curriculum development, the school applied the strategy of religious activity, direct monitoring and evaluation, educative activity designs, and implementing school’s vision through strategic platforms.
Kontekstualisasi Pemikiran Waris Abdullah Saeed dalam Hukum Kewarisan di Indonesia
Authors: Musafa’ah Suqiyah
Published: March 2016

This article seeks to discuss the issue of inheritance in Indonesia and the solution offered through studying the Quranic verses of inheritance according to Abdullah Saeed. Saeed’s methodological approach is used as a tool of analysis to reconstruct the law of inheritance in Indonesia. On the one hand, Saeed’s theory of ‘value hierarchy’ is formulated in order to maintain the principle of Islam’s universality. On the other hand, this theory is applied in order for Islam to be valid for every time and place (sâlih li kull zamân wa makân). Saeed’s theory of ‘value hierarchy’ consists of among others obligatory values, fundamental values, protectional values, implementational values, and instructional values. Based on Saeed’s theory of value hierarchy, the division of inheritance based of customary law (adat) called dumdum kupat (the portion of inheritance for son and that for daughter is the same) is valid and can be applied.
Kontribusi Teori Sanksi dan Asas Pembuktian terhadap Jarîmah Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: March 2016

Islamic law consists of a set of norms, principles and rules of law enforcement, dealing with the eradication of corruption. In the history of Islamic law, there have been the theories and principles of Islamic law, such as the theory of jawâbir, zawâjir, and the principle of min ayn lak hâdhâ (known as the reversed evidence) regarding the application of criminal sanctions of corruption. The application of criminal sanctions of corruption in Indonesia, especially with regard to the principle of reversed evidence has not been well-formulated. For the perfection of legislation in combating corruption, it is possible for the Indonesian government to amend the existing legislation, in order to make the country free from corruption. This paper focuses on the study of theoretical contributions on sanctions and the principle of proof evidence in Islamic criminal law to be transformed into criminal sanctions of corruption in Indonesia, which refers to the theory of jawâbir, zawâjir, and the principle of min ayn lak hâdhâ, which had been done previously by the caliph ‘Umar b. al-Khattâb and succeeded in preventing and combating corruption.
Makna Zikir Perspektif Mufassir Modern di Indonesia
Authors: Zein Achyar
Published: March 2016

This article concerns with the interpretation of the Quranic verses on dhikr (rememberance) in their various forms and contexts. It seeks to explore a great variety of exegesis (tafsîr) literature written by Indonesian exegetes such as Mahmud Yunus, Hasby ash-Shiddieqy, Hamka and M. Quraish Shihab. Using the method of comparative exegesis (tafsîr muqârin), this article aims to reveal how these Indonesian exegetes (mufassirûn) interprete the verses of dhikr. The understanding of Indonesian exegetes towards dhikr varies greatly, causing difference in interpreting the verses. However, the exegetes share the understanding that dhikr is an activity of remembering God, spelling out the names of God orally, and actualizing God’s teachings physically. Despite the fact that those exegetes shares commonalities in interpreting the verses of dhikr, they are also different to one another especially in dealing with their perspectives such as historical contexts and language aspects.
Risk Factors for Developing Skeletal-Related Events in Breast Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases Undergoing Treatment With Bone-Modifying Agents
Authors: Tanaka Ryota , Yonemori Kan , Hirakawa Akihiro , Kinoshita Fumie , Takahashi Naoki , Hashimoto Jun , Kodaira Makoto , Yamamoto Harukaze , Yunokawa Mayu , Shimizu Chikako , Fujimoto Manabu , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Tamura Kenji
Published: March 2016

Background.

Bone-modifying agents (BMAs) reduce the incidence of skeletal-related events (SREs) and are thus recommended for breast cancer patients with bone metastases. However, the risk factors for SREs during BMA treatment are not well-understood. This study evaluated the number and timing of SREs from case studies to identify these factors.

Methods.

The medical records of 534 women with breast cancer who developed bone metastases between 1999 and 2011 were reviewed. SREs were defined as a pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, or the need for bone irradiation or surgery. Multiple variables were assessed and were analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazard analyses and the Andersen and Gill method.

Results.

Multivariate analyses for both the time to the first SRE and the primary and subsequent SRE frequency demonstrated that significant baseline risk factors included luminal B type disease, a history of palliative radiation therapy, BMA treatment within 2 years, and elevated serum calcium levels at the time of the initial BMA dose. Additionally, for the time to the first SRE and for the primary and subsequent SRE frequency, the presence of extraskeletal metastases and BMA administration initiation ≥6 months after the detection of bone metastases were also significant risk factors, respectively.

Conclusion.

In breast cancer patients with bone metastases, more vigilant observation should be considered for patients with the identified risk factors. To reduce the risk for SRE, BMAs should be administered within 6 months of bone metastases diagnosis and before palliative radiation therapy.
The Log Odds of Positive Lymph Nodes Stratifies and Predicts Survival of High-Risk Individuals Among Stage III Rectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Lee Christina W. , Wilkinson Katheryn H. , Sheka Adam C. , Leverson Glen E. , Kennedy Gregory D.
Published: March 2016

Introduction.

The log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) is an empiric transform formula that incorporates positive and negative lymph node data into a single ratio for prognostic utility. We sought to determine the value of the log odds ratio as a prognostic indicator compared with established lymph node indices in advanced-stage rectal cancer patients who have undergone curative resection.

Methods.

Retrospective analysis of rectal cancer operations from 1995 to 2013 identified all stage III cancer patients who underwent curative resection. Patients were stratified into three groups according to calculated lymph node ratios (LNRs) and log odds ratios (LODDS). The relationship between LNR, LODDS, and 5-year overall survival (OS) were assessed.

Results.

OS for all patients was 81.4%. Both LNR and LODDS stratifications identified differences in 5-year OS. LODDS stratification was significantly associated with OS (p = .04). Additional significant clinicopathologic demographic variables included sex (p = .02), venous invasion (p = .02), tumor location (p < .001), and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy (p = .047). LODDS separated survival among patients in the low LNR group (LNR1).

Conclusion.

This study confirms that the measure of lymph node involvement transformed by the log odds ratio is a suitable predictor of 5-year overall survival in stage III rectal cancer. LODDS may be applied to stratify high-risk patients in the management of adjuvant therapy.
Modificaciones en el pie pronador del niño tras actividades de resistencia y su relación con el cansancio físico
Authors: Gómez Benítez María Ángeles , Roldán Carnerero Manuel , Barranco Hidalgo Olga , Ramos Ortega Javier , Bellido Fernández Lorena María , Gómez Benítez Andrea , Munuera Martínez Pedro Vicente
Published: March 2016

Objetivos: Este estudio se plantea con el objetivo de determinar si existen cambios en la postura del pie y en la huella plantar de los niños tras una actividad deportiva de resistencia y si estos cambios son mayores en los niños con pies pronadores respecto a los que presentan una tipología de pies neutros. A su vez relacionar todo esto con el cansancio físico desencadenado y los dolores musculares que aparecen tras la actividad física.  Nos planteamos llevar a cabo este estudio con la idea de conocer, entre tanta controversia, si el pie pronador presenta algún tipo de desventaja respecto al pie neutro, y si precisaría por tanto de tratamiento ortopodológico como medida de prevención y mejora de las alteraciones biomecánicas en etapas infantiles.Material y Método: Se valoró la postura del pie mediante el Índice de Postura del Pie  (en adelante FPI-6), y la huella plantar mediante una pedigrafía, antes y después de ejercicios de resistencia de tipo aeróbicos, para posteriormente calcular el Arch Index  mediante el programa informático AutoCad® a cada huella.Resultados y conclusiones: Según los resultados, se puede concluir que la postura del pie y la huella plantar de los niños se modificó tras los ejercicios de resistencia, los pies pronadores se cansaron más y refirieron dolor en pies y piernas durante y/o post actividad, siendo estos resultados estadísticamente significativos (P<0.05). Sin embargo no hubo evidencia significativa (P>0.05) de que estos cambios fuesen mayores en los niños con pies pronadores ni que éstos rindieran menos que los niños con pies neutros durante la actividad.
MODELAÇÃO PREDITIVA DA VEGETAÇÃO NATURAL POTENCIAL DO CONCELHO DE LOURES.
Authors: Gutierres Francisco Reis
Published: March 2016

O conceito de Vegetação Natural Potencial (VNP) e a sua representação cartográfica assume uma importância primordial para a maioria dos países europeus nas questões relacionadas com o restauro de habitats. Dada a relação existente entre a localização das diversas séries de vegetação de um território e os principais fatores ambientais, este artigo visa o desenvolvimento de modelação preditiva da VNP para o Concelho de Loures. Atendendo, à estratégia geral de análise e possibilidade de integração de um vasto conhecimento empírico (expert knowledge), aplicou-se a estratégia de modelação classification-then-modelling. Para averiguar a relação entre 6 séries de vegetação e um conjunto de oito variáveis ambientais (Altitude, Declive, Exposição, Índice Topográfico de Humidade, Sky View Factor, Solos, Geologia e Distância ao Tejo) recorreu-se a Modelos de Distribuição de Espécies (SDM) aplicados ao nível da comunidade, suportados em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) e em diferentes princípios estatísticos (modelos de regressão,  machine learning e rule based). Os resultados obtidos permitiram aferir o modo como os gradientes ecológicos (principalmente o tipo de Solo e a Geologia) determinam a ocorrência das séries de vegetação. A cartografia preditiva da VNP resultante do melhor modelo (modelo da Máxima Entropia com 8 variáveis preditivas), foi ainda validada com a cartografia oficial da VNP do Concelho de Loures (precisão global de 88%). Por último, a sua aplicação na reconstituição da vegetação natural, especialmente após ação antrópica, pelo seu carácter preditivo representará um importante mecanismo de apoio para o planeamento e ordenamento do território.
Espaços inventados, a verdadeira e última fronteira? Alguns exemplos
Authors: Gonçalves Victor S.
Published: March 2016

Em memória de Orlando Ribeiro, que, ao visitar com Suzanne Daveau as minhas escavações
em Vila Nova de S. Pedro, me explicou, tarde de mais, o que era a Faculdade de Letras de
Lisboa em meados dos anos 80.
Sobre a conceptualização contemporânea do "espaço" na cultura ocidental
Authors: Pereira Henrique Garcia
Published: March 2016

Este texto discute a categoria filosófica de “espaço”, atendendo à sua importância
crescente na cultura ocidental. Estuda-se o impacto dessa categoria em diferentes ciências (para além da geografia) e sublinha-se o seu importante significado simbólico na literatura e nas artes (evocando o exemplo dos robots-pintores). Como interacção entre o espaço urbano e a mente humana afectiva, apresenta-se o caso da deambulação surrealista e da psicogeografia dos situacionistas. Finalmente, salientam-se as modificações sofridas pelo espaço físico e virtual, em termos do seu tempo de atravessamento através das tecnologias físicas e computadorizadas.
Território e políticas do território. A interpretação e a ação
Authors: Reis José
Published: March 2016

Neste texto revisito dois mundos: o da interpretação e do conhecimento do território e o das formas de lidar com ele através das políticas públicas. Não podem ser, como é evidente, coisas desligadas. Pelo contrário, uma informa a outra e deviam moldar-se reciprocamente. Mas bem se sabe que não é assim que acontece na maior parte das vezes. Porventura, as políticas desligaram-se do território, privilegiando outras deliberações e outros propósitos, enquanto o território carecerá, cada vez mais, de um regresso interpretativo que lhe revalorize os fundamentos e a pertinência. É esta opção que tomo, supondo que há razões para isso. Discuto o que nos levou a formular interrogações sobre o território e procuro responder à pergunta “o que é o território?”. Recuso que seja apenas uma questão de escala e acho que há uma epistemologia do território a construir, para podermos chegar a uma compreensão adequada do que dá valor à territorialidade. Assumo que as sociedades são estruturalmente polimórficas e nisso se manifestam as relações de poder que as constituem. As duas coisas devem ser centrais numa agenda territorialista.
Meio Século de Geografia
Authors: Alcoforado Maria João
Published: March 2016

Com o lançamento do número 100, comemoramos 50 anos de publicação ininterrupta da Finisterra-Revista Portuguesa de Geografia, fundada em 1966, por Orlando Ribeiro, Suzanne Daveau e Ilídio do Amaral e editada pelo Centro de Estudos Geográficos (CEG) da Universidade de Lisboa. A Finisterra nasceu da necessidade de divulgar a investigação que ia sendo realizada, e também para possibilitar permutas com revistas de instituições estrangeiras, à época quase única maneira de saber o que se fazia “lá fora”. No artigo de abertura, faz-se um balanço dos 50 anos da revista, mostrando as características e evolução no que diz respeito aos temas tratados, línguas, nacionalidade dos autores, características dos artigos, assim como as estratégias de internacionalização e disseminação, sempre presentes, agora mais fáceis devido à internet e à presença em numerosas bases de indexação.
Critical Multicultural Citizenship Education among Black Immigrant Youth: Factors and Challenges
Authors: Kumi-Yeboah Alex , Smith Patriann
Published: March 2016

This study uses qualitative interviews with 18 participants across five states to examine the factors that promote enhancement of critical multicultural education for Black immigrant youth. Findings suggest that class discussion, influence of social media and technology, non-educational practices, and cultural and language differences are the leading factors that promote the advancement of critical multicultural citizenship education for participants. Participants utilized these factors to navigate the democratic education and the role of transnational identification. Findings support the need for teachers and educators to understand the cultures and best practices for teaching immigrant youth.
Sowing the Semillas of Critical Multicultural Citizenship for Latina/o Undocumented Youth: Spaces in School and out of School
Authors: Salazar Maria del Carmen , Martinez Lisa M. , Ortega Debora
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study is to address how spaces in school and out of school support or constrain undocumented Latina/o youths’ development as critical multicultural citizens. We draw on data from a multi-phase, qualitative study to present findings indicating that the youths persevered through academic and civic engagement. Ultimately, the students drew from their liminal status—the space between legal and “illegal”—to become stewards of a cause. The analysis is limited to a subset of data on undocumented participants from a larger study of the pathways to mobility among Latina/o youth.
¡Ya basta con la ciudadanía restrictiva!: Undocumented Latina/o Young People and Their Families’ Participatory Citizenship
Authors: Alvarez Gutiérrez Leticia
Published: March 2016

This article describes a community-based participatory action research project (PAR), “Voces Diversas e Importantes” [Diverse and Important Voices] that the intergenerational Family School Partnership (FSP) collective enacted to support citizenship participation and increase the possibilities undocumented Latina/o students and families have for transforming practices and perspectives within the school context and community. In this PAR project undocumented young people and their families challenge the notion that legal citizenship alone provides educational rights and equity. Central to this study is how participants troubled and disrupted the racialization and gendered components of citizenship as well transformed their participation into leadership practices that leveraged organizational changes and heightened positive educational pathways for young undocumented students in the high school.
Editors' Note to the Special Issue-Critical Multicultural Citizenship Education: Student Engagement Toward Building an Equitable Society
Authors: Ramirez Pablo Cortes , Salinas Cinthia , Epstein Terrie
Published: March 2016

In this special issue we call attention to the role of "Critical Multicultural Citizenship Education" (CMCE) in schools, societies and global contexts. The fundamental goal of CMCE is to increase not only the students’ awareness of, and participation in, the political aspects of democracy, but also students’ abilities to create and live in an ethnically diverse and just community. CMCE challenges and transforms existing ways in which students engage civically and democratically in local, national, and global contexts. Ten articles in this special issue are grouped by three categories: (1) social studies classrooms and citizenship; (2) community and citizenship; and (3) global contexts and citizenship.
De la sociología en la medicina a la sociología de la salud colectiva: apuntes para un necesario ejercicio de reflexividad
Authors: Castro Roberto
Published: March 2016

En este texto se aborda la distinción entre la sociología en la medicina (colaboradora de las instituciones de salud) y la sociología de la medicina (independiente de las instituciones de salud). Se argumenta que, si es consecuente, la sociología en la medicina deviene sociología de la medicina. Como ejemplo, se discute el caso de los determinantes sociales de la salud que, inicialmente, asumen como no problemática la realidad ontológica de la salud-enfermedad y luego problematizan el concepto de salud-enfermedad y muestran que estudiar los determinantes exige estudiar también los determinantes de los procesos de construcción social de la enfermedad. Se muestra la ineludible necesidad de objetivar la propia salud colectiva, es decir, de aplicar las herramientas de la sociología de manera que podamos poner bajo examen los llamados factores objetivos de la determinación de la salud-enfermedad, el carácter socialmente construido de las categorías de conocimiento, y las luchas y relaciones de poder que determinan la viabilidad o no de tales categorías.
El campo de la agroindustria en el noroeste de México y la salud de sus jornaleras: una propuesta de estudio
Authors: Aranda Patricia , Castro Vásquez María del Carmen
Published: March 2016

El artículo busca delinear cómo se conforma el campo de la agroindustria de exportación en el noroeste de México, con el propósito de analizar las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de las jornaleras agrícolas, respecto al acceso a los servicios de salud y a la atención médica que reciben. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se realizaron grupos focales con las jornaleras y entrevistas con expertos en el tema, tanto de la academia como del ámbito de la sociedad civil, cuyos relatos se analizan a partir del concepto de campo de Pierre Bourdieu. Los resultados muestran la falta de acceso a los servicios de salud y a la seguridad social, y describen a los principales agentes y sus posicionamientos frente a la vulnerabilidad de esta población.
Obtaining Journal Titles via Big Deals Most Cost Effective Compared to Individual Subscriptions, Pay-Per-View, and Interlibrary Loan
Authors: Reed Kathleen
Published: March 2016

A Review of:
Lemley, T., & Li, J. (2015). "Big deal” journal subscription packages: Are they worth the cost? Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries, 12(1), 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15424065.2015.1001959

Abstract

Objective – To determine if “Big Deal” journal subscription packages are a cost-effective way to provide electronic journal access to academic library users versus individual subscriptions, pay-per-view, and interlibrary loans (ILL).

Design – Cost-per-article-use analysis.

Setting – Public research university in the United States of America.

Subjects – Cost-per-use data from 1) journals in seven Big Deal packages, 2) individually subscribed journals, 3) pay-per-view from publishers’ websites, and 4) interlibrary loans.

Methods – The authors determined cost-per-use for Big Deal titles by utilizing COUNTER JR1 metric Successful Full-Text Article Request (SFTAR) reports. Individual journal subscription cost-per-use data were obtained from individual publishers or platforms. Pay-per-view cost was determined by recording the price listed on publishers’ websites. ILL cost-per-use was established by reviewing cost-per-article obtained from libraries outside of reciprocal borrowing agreement networks. With the exception of pay-per-view numbers, title cost-per-use was averaged over a three-year period from 2010 through 2012.

Main Results – Cost-per-article use for journals from Big Deals varied from $2.11 to $9.42. For individually subscribed journals, the average cost-per-article ranged from $0.25 to $84.00. Pay-per-view charges ranged from $15.00 to $80.00, with an average cost of $37.72.

Conclusion – The authors conclude that Big Deals are cost effective, but that they consume such a large amount of funds that they limit the purchase of other resources. The authors go on to outline the options for libraries thinking about Big Deal packages. First, libraries should keep Big Deal packages in place if the average cost-per-article is less than individual subscriptions. Second, libraries could subscribe only to the most-used journals in Big Deals, cancel the packages, and rely on ILL and pay-per-view access. Third, consortia could be joined to favourably negotiate Big Deal package prices. Fourth, Big Deals could be dropped completely. Fifth, individual libraries armed with JR1 reports can negotiate with publishers for better deals.
Evidence Based Library and Information Practice Releases Special Issue on EBL 101
Authors: . .
Published: March 2016

No abstract.
Reflections on Using Patrons’ Stories as Practice-Based Evidence
Authors: Lewis Suzanne
Published: March 2016

No abstract.
The Changing Nature of Evidence for EBLIP
Authors: Brettle Alison
Published: March 2016

No abstract.
Building a Home for Evidence Based Library and Information Practice
Authors: Koufogiannakis Denise , Ryan Pam , Alcock Lindsay , Cleyle Susan
Published: March 2016

No abstract.