bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Off Her Throne and Unarmed: the Humble, yet Noble Visage of Justice and Her Restless Servants
Authors: Stella Marcello
Published: April 2019

The title should not sound too iconoclastic to jurists’ ears. At least not to expert procedural lawyers, mindful of the scholarly debate on the notion of justice and the goal of process (especially of civil process) arose in Germany and Italy, at the end of the nineteenth century. As the raising demand for jurisdictional performance posed new challenges to the judicial administration of those States, scholars were confronted with issues such as “unjust” decisions, the perpetuation of judicial mistakes in res judicata judgments, and the principle of party disposition in the choice of appealing wrong decisions. Such a profound and introspective debate, came to put into question even centuries old dogmas, such as the olden maxim “res judicata pro veritate habetur.” Following that foundational juridical debate, the conventional “tools” the female figure of Justice is often displayed with, be they depicted in a XV century engraving or in a XX century sculpture outside a courthouse,

A remarkable, though too partial attempt to collect images of Justice from law books printed between 1497 and 1788, may be found in Judith Resnik, Dennis Curtis, Representing Justice: Invention, Controversy and Rights in City-States and Democratic Courtrooms (Yale: Yale University Press, 2011). The authors rather focus on a “political” detail – whether Justice is shown as blindfolded or not – which, at different times, was meant either as a critique of arbitrary justice or as a symbol of Justice’s impartiality.

do appear to modern observers as nothing but misleading attributes of Justice. In this article, we propose to enquire into the origins of the conceptual trompe l’oeuil attached to the iconographic imagery of Justice; to demonstrate how the widespread representation of Justice in figurative arts is ultimately flawed by political overtones and distant from the truly essence of the jurisdictional phenomenon; and to show how a few exceptions of artworks and famous literary trials come much closer to grasping the essence of Justice through due process, and are way more instructive than its deified and standardized allegory.
The Pedagogical Value of Young-Adult Speculative Fiction: Teaching Environmental Justice through Julie Bertagna’s Exodus
Authors: Adami Valentina
Published: April 2019

The environmental crisis is one of the most pressing societal concerns today. Speculative fiction frequently questions current political, legal and cultural attitudes by portraying future scenarios in which some ecological disaster has changed the world order. Scottish children’s author Julie Bertagna has given her contribution to these speculations on the consequences of letting current trends in environmental behaviour continue unchallenged with her young-adult novel Exodus (2002), part of a trilogy continued in 2007 with Zenith and completed in 2011 with Aurora. This paper explores the pedagogical value of young-adult speculative fiction and examines Bertagna’s survival narrative as a questioning of environmental justice, in the light of contemporary theories on young-adult fiction, ecocriticism and human rights.
Make It New! The Redeeming Modernism of Law and the Collapsing of Its Polarities
Authors: Condello Angela , Mason Luke
Published: April 2019

This article argues that law is an inherently modernist normative practice. Constructing a vision of Modernism which is at once an epistemology and an attitudinal disposition to doubt and make anew our assumptions about the world, the authors demonstrate that legal practice encounters the world through individual cases. Through these examples, the law is capable of both interacting with and comprehending that world, while also being forced to question the law’s own precepts and their application. In this manner, the law’s generalisations and abstractions become concrete, and can indeed be upended, through fleeting, impressionistic and highly case-specific examples. This exemplarity within law explains how law is able to navigate its apparently contradictory aspirations and natures which have bedevilled legal philosophy for millennia. In reality, law exists within a series of polarities, rather than contradictions, which are navigated through the law’s encounters with examples from the extra-legal world. The authors conclude that this aspect of the law’s nature also has practical consequences, requiring the law to maintain the fora in which new and novel cases are heard, and through which law’s modernist spirit can thrive.
Law, Literature and Genocide: Rupert Bazambanza’s Smile Through the Tears
Authors: Pégorier Clotilde
Published: April 2019

Proceeding from the view that international criminal law remains a neglected area of study within law-and-literature scholarship, this article undertakes a critical reading of Rupert Bazambanza’s 2004 graphic novel Smile Through the Tears, set during the Rwandan genocide. It argues that Bazambanza’s text not only provides a powerful rendering of the subjective experience of the victims of genocide, but also reveals to the reader a number of the conditioning factors that catalysed the violence. Reading the novel alongside case law and academic literature, the article ventures an analysis of how, by exposing such factors, the text might also aid in furthering awareness and understanding of core issues relating to the legal framework of genocide.
Requiem for Ivan Ilyich: The Problem of Judicial Interpretation in Tolstoy’s Literature
Authors: Trindade André Karam
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a portion of the results obtained from the research project “Law in Literature: the representation of judges in literary narratives.” The role of the magistrate in the novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, written in 1886 by Leo Tolstoy, is discussed following the methodological premises of law in literature and the theoretical notion of “models of judges” formulated by François Ost. Thus, a part of the history of tsarist law and of Tolstoy’s conflictual relationship to legal science is provided and reconstructed. Finally, this paper proposes an analytical reflection on the importance of this nineteenth-century novella for the comprehension of practical and interpretative problems within modern law.
Freed by the Court: The Role of Images Between Remembrance and Oblivion of War Crimes
Authors: Ristić Katarina
Published: April 2019

This paper explores the role of images in facilitating debates on the responsibility of convicted war criminals. Previous research on the mediation of war crime trials in Serbia has mainly focused on political and media discourses or everyday practices as verbal or textual modes of communication, showing the dominant nationalism and widespread denial, with convicted war criminals appearing as heroes and celebrities. This article argues that the normalization of convicts was partially realized through the avoidance of atrocity images and the prevalence of iconic images of convicts, who are described as persons “freed by the court.” The paper explores two instances when iconic images of convicts served as catalysts in debates on their criminal responsibility, pointing out that images might limit the scope of the debate, and condition the type of questions posed. Archival atrocity images, on the other hand, might provide much-needed context and evidence about crimes. Considering the powerful role of images, the article urges a more systematic analysis of images in the transitional justice field, as some of the images turn into symbolic presentations of the past for future generations.
Analysis of the mechanical properties of polymer materials considering lateral confinement effects
Authors: Park Ki-Beom , Kim Myung-Sung , Kim Jeong-Hyeon , Kim Seul-Kee , Lee Jae-Myung
Published: April 2019

The mechanical properties of polyurethane foam (PUF) and glass fiber-reinforced PUF (R-PUF), which are widely used in various fields, were investigated considering the influence of lateral confinement. PUF and R-PUF – representative polymeric foams with a porous structure – are suitable for severe environments (e.g. the cryogenic field) because they have an excellent adiabatic function and load-bearing capability. However, when PUF and R-PUF are used in actual structures, the mechanical performance of the foam materials may change depending on the conditions. Assuming that a compressive load acts on these polymeric foams in a confined space, analysis of the material properties resulting from the confining pressure of the adjacent structures is necessary. Therefore, in this study, a comparison and evaluation of the mechanical behavior of PUF and R-PUF were performed with regard to the constraint. The results suggest that it is possible to provide an experimental basis for measuring the strength performance for the application of insulation in a confined space.
Housing Prices and Money Demand: Empirical Evidence in Selected MENA Countries
Authors: Mbazia Nadia , Djelassi Mouldi
Published: April 2019

This paper examines the links between housing and money empirically in a money demand framework for a panel of five Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries using quarterly data from 2007Q3 to 2014Q4 with the inclusion of house prices as a variable representing the developments in housing markets. We applied the Pool Mean Group Estimation technique to estimate the long-run and short-run dynamic relationships in money demand model. Empirical results provide the evidence that higher house prices lead to a rise in M2 demand in long-run and short-run estimations. This finding may explain the importance influence of the house price developments on monetary policy in MENA countries. The results confirm that the cross-country heterogeneity of money holdings is also connected with structural features of the housing market.
Influence of electron temperature on breaking of plasma oscillations
Authors: Chizhonkov Eugene V. , Frolov Alexander A.
Published: April 2019

The influence of thermal motion of electrons on the processes of relativistic plasma oscillations is studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that if the temperature of electrons grows and exceeds a certain critical level, then the breaking effect vanishes due to transformation of plasma oscillations into travelling waves. Analytical conclusions are made in the framework of the theory of small perturbations based on Lagrangian variables. Numerical simulation of the transformation is performed using three different algorithms constructed on the basis of the method of finite differences in Eulerian variables. The analytical results are in good agreement with numerical experiments.
Sharp error estimate for implicit finite element scheme for American put option
Authors: Dautov Rafail Z. , Lapin Alexander V.
Published: April 2019

We investigate a numerical solution method for a degenerate parabolic variational inequality that determines American vanilla put pricing. This method is based on piecewise linear finite elements in spatial variables and the backward Euler finite difference in time variable. For the approximate solution, we get sharp error estimate of orderO(h+τ3/4) in the energy norm of the corresponding differential operator.
Numerical study of properties of air heat content indicators based on stochastic models of the joint meteorological series
Authors: Kargapolova Nina A. , Khlebnikova Elena I. , Ogorodnikov Vasily A.
Published: April 2019

The paper presents results of numerical studies of stochastic properties of time series of the enthalpy of humid air and the heat index characterizing the heat content and thermal effects of humid air on human beings. The study was based on real meteorological observations and stochastic model of joint time series for surface air temperature and relative humidity taking into account daily course of real meteorological processes.
Plasma homocysteine and aminothiol levels in idiopathic epilepsy patients receiving antiepileptic drugs
Authors: Çoban Ramazan Dilber , Anadol Ülker , Yalçın A. Destina , Yalçın A. Süha
Published: April 2019

Objective

Homocysteine is a sulfur containing amino acid that is formed during methionine metabolism. Patients under long-term antiepileptic drug treatment often have hyperhomocysteinemia. These patients have low levels of serum folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, all of which are associated with homocysteine metabolism. We have investigated the effects of valproic acid and new generation antiepileptic drugs (lamotrigine and levetiracetam) on plasma levels of homocysteine and aminothiols as well as serum vitamin B12 and folic acid.

Materials and methods

Forty-seven idiopathic epileptic patients on antiepileptic drugs were compared with 38 age-matched healthy controls. Commercial immunoassay methods were used for vitamin B12 and folic acid analyses. Homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.

Results

There was no significant difference in patient and control values in terms of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. Valproic acid and lamotrigine seemed to effect aminothiol redox status. Glutathione levels of epileptic patients receiving valproic acid and lamotrigine were higher than controls.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that redox homeostasis may be impaired and glutathione synthesis increased in response to the oxidative stress caused by antiepileptic drug use.
Cytogenetic impact of sodium chloride stress on root cells of Vigna radiata L. seedlings
Authors: Farheen Jabeen , Mansoor Simeen
Published: April 2019

Objectives

The high salinization stress to seedling is the substantial ecological problem in the ongoing era. It negatively influences the growth that retard mitotic division by enhancing aberrations in nuclear chromatin. In the light of these views, the current work was designed to investigate the response of Vigna seedlings root tip cells to the presence of NaCl ions.

Materials and methods

NM-92 and NM19-19 seeds were imbibed separately in distilled water for 24 h and allowed to grow into 0, 50, 150, 250, and 350 mM NaCl solution for 24 h. Excised root tips were stained, and slides were scored at 100× objective for the mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations.

Results

Our data demonstrated that as NaCl molarity increased, the MI was declined along with various chromatin abnormalities. The 150 mM of NaCl showed more lagging (69%) of chromosomes during anaphase in NM19-19. The highest stickiness at metaphase stage (68%) was found in 250 mM NaCl in variety NM19-19. However, both varieties were differed non-significantly for c-mitosis that was recorded 99% at 350 mM NaCl concentration.

Conclusions

The NaCl ions toxicity induced various cytological anomalies in seedling roots that adversely affect the growth of Vigna seedlings.
Risk Factors for Predicting Mortality among Old Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction during Hospitalization
Authors: Chen Liwei , Han Ling , Luo Jingguang
Published: April 2019

Objective: To explore the risk factors to predict mortality among acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients aged ≥ 80 years during their hospitalization.
Methods: A cohort of AMI patients aged ≥ 80 years hospitalized in our hospital were recruited from 2005 to 2014. Variables, including demographics, medical history, hemodynamic condition and laboratory results, were collected and analyzed to find risk factors predicting mortality during hospitalization.
Results: Amonga total of 384 patients enrolled in this study, the hospital mortality rate was 23.4%. By multivariable stepwise regression analysis, nine independent significant predictors associated with mortality during hospitalization were identified: history of stoke, cardiac shock, Killip class III to IV, ventricular tachycardia, pulse rate ≥ 100 bpm and EF ≤ 40% at presentation, in-hospital bleeding, initial serum creatinine concentration ≥ 177 umol/L and elevated initial WBC level. Prior angina was identified as a protective factor. Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated good fitness of the predicting variables.
Conclusion: Patients aged 80 and over have high mortality during hospitalization, and the risk prediction factors are clinically useful for predicting mortality in old patients with AMI.
From Nonsense to Number Sense: Enumeration of Numbers in Math Classroom Learning
Authors: Singh Parmjit , Rahman Narjidiah Abdul , Ramly Mohd Adlan , Hoon Teoh Sian
Published: April 2019

The overall goal of learning mathematics is to induce a lifelong understanding that allows students to adapt to contemporary changes and demands. Advances in our society cause an abundance of data bombarding us on a daily basis. As a result, mathematics skills must extend beyond the ability to enumerate or sense making. Thus, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing 215 randomly selected students aged 14 to 16 in their enumeration of numbers. The moderating variables for this study include grade level (Secondary 2 and Secondary 4) and gender. This study was based on a purely quantitative approach using a paper and pencil test to assess these students’ number sense. The findings show both Secondary 2 students and Secondary 4 students obtained a low-level mean score of 22.59 (SD=9.64) and 24.85 (SD=7.76) from a maximum score of 50. These findings show no statistical significant differences at the 0.05 level. The findings also depicted that male students obtained a higher mean score across secondary 2 and secondary 4, though the former were not statistically significant. The findings also showed that the influences between number sense and school mathematics results are correlative. Learners must be able to interpret, evaluate, recognize patterns, make comparisons, and understand relationships from data. This data in number forms must make sense to students before any meanings can be attached to it. Number sense, as it is known, is based on the fundamental of understanding what numbers mean, how the numbers are represented, how the numbers are correlated to one another and how the computations of those numbers take place. This supports the notion that when students are good in number sense, it will increase and enhance their usage of mathematics in everyday life.
Csontkor – a csontrendszeri érettség mérésének lehetősége EOS készülékkel
Authors: O’Sullivan Ian , Schlégl Ádám Tibor , Varga Péter , Kerekes Kamilla , Vermes Csaba , Than Péter
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Hand and wrist bone age assessment methods cannot be performed when using the recommended patient position within the EOS scanner. Aim: We aimed to assess alternative methods for use with the EOS. Method: After investigating 9 alternatives, five methods were selected – cervical vertebra (Hassel–Farman), iliac crest (Risser ‘plus’), hip (Oxford), knee (O’Connor), calcaneus (Nicholson) – and applied to EOS scans of 114, 2–21-year-old normal individuals. Intraclass correlation coefficient tests for reliability and Spearman correlation with calendar age were assessed. Results: Intra- and interobserver reliabilities were all excellent, except with the knee method (0.865 – ‘good’). Calcaneal and cervical methods were the fastest to apply (mean 17.5 s, 33.4 s per evaluation), however, calcanei were unassessable in 14% of scans (versus 1% of cervical). All methods correlated significantly with calendar age (r>0.829, p<0.05). Difficulties were principally absent (12%) or obscured (23%) landmarks. Conclusion: Bone age assessment is possible with all 5 methods, however, the Hassel–Farman method proved to be easily useable, fast and reliable. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(16): 619–628.
Az Ehlers–Danlos-szindrómák korszerű osztályozása és multidiszciplináris tünettana
Authors: Ralovich Fanni Virág , Kiss Norbert , Horváth Krisztina , Kárpáti Sarolta , Medvecz Márta
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

In this review article, the authors summarize the clinical aspects of the novel classification of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, which is a group of rare, hereditary connective tissue disorders. The leading symptom of the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome group is joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility and generalized tissue fragility. Ehlers–Danlos syndrome displays a high clinical and genetic heterogeneity and harbors many multidisciplinary properties. Certain subtypes only affect the quality of life, while other forms may lead to severe, even fatal vascular or intestinal complications. Last year, based on the data of various international genotype-phenotype correlation studies of large populations, a new classification of the syndrome’s clinical subtypes was introduced. The novel international nosology of Ehlers–Danlos syndromes published in 2017 delineates 13 clinical subtypes, describes their genetic background and defines major and minor diagnostic criteria for each subtype. We gathered the complex, multidisciplinary symptoms of Ehlers–Danlos syndromes in a table to assist the diagnosis from a differential diagnostic point of view. In the clinical practice, the proper diagnosis of patients affected by the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome group is essential to give optimal clinical care and to prevent the development of severe complications. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(16): 603–612.
A nyelés képességének helyreállítása lúgivás utáni nyelőcsőszűkületben
Authors: Kotsis Lajos , Kostic Szilárd , Heiler Zoltán , Vadász Pál
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

The authors discuss their experience in the surgical treatment of caustic stenosis in the upper gastrointestinal tract. They present operative solutions using isoperistaltic transverse colonic segment in oesophageal stenosis caused by gastric outlet obstruction, or when these two presented together. Further indications for the above were bronchial or tracheo-oesophageal fistulas and oesophageal perforation. Late adaptation of the colonic grafts were measured by radiokinematography and histochemistry. The overall morbidity was 4.9%. Postoperative salivary fistulas closed spontaneously. Late postoperative complications (13.5%) were treated successfully. The multihaustral motility of the graft prevented the reflux, while the altered mucopolysaccharides of the colonic mucosa prevented the ulcer formation. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(16): 613–618.
A Zenker-diverticulumok transcervicalis és transoralis sebészi kezelésének összehasonlító vizsgálata, rövid és hosszú távú eredmények
Authors: Andrási László , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Simonka Zsolt , Paszt Attila , Rovó László , Lázár György
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: We present our experience with open (transcervical diverticulectomy, cricomyotomy) and transoral surgery (transoral stapler diverticulostomy) for Zenker diverticulums. Method: Between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2016, 29 patients were examined with a symptom-causing Zenker diverticulum. In 13 cases, transcervical surgery, in 16 cases, transoral surgery were performed. Perioperative and long-term results were evaluated and compared. Results: Patients were operated on after an average of 31 months with complaints. In both groups, the leading symptoms were severe dysphagia and severe regurgitation. No intraoperative complication was detected. In the transoral group, one patient had to be reoperated on for bleeding, another patient developed pneumonia in the transcervical group. The average duration of the surgeries (42.5 versus [vs.] 98 minutes, p<0.001), the time to oral feeding (2.9 vs. 4.6 days, p<0.001) and the mean hospital stay (7.3 vs. 9.7 days, p<0.001) were significantly shorter in the transoral group than the transcervical group. 15 patients were completely symptomless postoperatively. After transcervical treatment, complaints were developed in 2 cases (moderate dysphagia and hoarseness). After transoral surgery, recurrent symptoms were observed in 6 patients, 4 had to be reoperated transcervically due to severe regurgitation. Conclusion: Transoral stapler diverticulostomy is a fast procedure and offers short hospital stay especially in comorbid, aged patients and intermedium diverticulum size. In the long term, some of the patients may require reintervention due to persistent regurgitation. The transcervical approach has higher perioperative morbidity, which can be performed in patients with less than 3 cm or large diverticulum size. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(16): 629–635.
PENDAPAT IBNU QUDAMAH DAN IMAM MAWARDI TENTANG WALI NIKAH BAGI ANAK TEMUAN (LAQITH)
Authors: Maolana Wildan
Published: April 2019

Laqith (anak temuan), merupakan salah satu permasalahan sosial yang hingga kini belum dapat terselesaikan, banyaknya anak temuan disebabkan anak tersebut dibuang oleh orang tuanya, atau karena bencana alam. Anak temuan di dalam fiqh dikenal dengan istilah laqith (anak temuan). Jumhur ulama berpendapat bahwa wali nikah bagi laqith adalah wali hakim, namun Ibnu Qudamah dan Imam Mawardi memiliki pendapat yang berbeda dari jumhur ulama berdasarkan dasar hukum dan metode istinbath yang mereka gunakan.
PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMBAKARAN LAHAN
Authors: Hasanah Laila
Published: April 2019

AbstrakSyari’at Islam mengatur larangan berbuat kerusakan di muka bumi yang akibatnya menimbulkan kemadharatan untuk orang banyak. Salah satu tindakan tersebut adalah pembakaran lahan. Sebagaimana pasal 69 ayat (1) huruh h dan sanksinya pada pasal 108 Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Sanksi dalam hukum pidana Islam dikategorikan sebagai ta’zir karena salah satu bentuk jarimah yang diatur oleh nash tetapi tidak ditentukan sanksi sehingga sepenuhnya menjadi kewenangan ulil amri. Relevansi antara kedua hukum tersebut memiliki tujuan yang sama dalam pemberian sanksi untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan dan ketentra­m­an yang ada di masyarakat, memberikan kemaslahatan untuk orang banyak dengan tujuan pokok (maqashid syari’ah) seperti hifdz ad-din, hifdz an-nafs, hifdz al-aql, hifdz al-mal dan hifdz an-nasl.
PENGARUH JUMLAH TABUNGAN WADIAH DAN DANA INVESTASI TIDAK TERIKAT TERHADAP PIUTANG MURABAHAH PT. BPRS GOTONG ROYONG SUBANG
Authors: Kelana Angga
Published: April 2019

AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan seberapa besar penga­ruh tabungan Wadiah dan dana investasi tidak terikat terhadap piutang murabahah baik secara parsial maupun simultan pada PT. BPRS Gotong Royong Subang. Variabel yang digunakan dalam ini adalah tabungan Wadiah, dana investasi tidak terikat dan piutang murabahah. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linier, pengujian hipotesis melalui uji F, korelasi dan determinasi, dimana Wadiah dan dana investasi tidak terikat menjadi variabel independen sedangkan piutang murabahah sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil analisis membuk­ti­kan bahwa secara simultan tabungan Wadiah dan dana investasi tidak terikat memiliki hubungan positif terhadap piutang murabahah dengan fhitung> ftabel (13,387 > 4,26) dengan tingkat signifikasi (0,002 < 0,05).
PERAN LPKSM AL-JABBAR DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA JAMINAN FIDUSIA DI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Salam Acep Fahmi Abdullah
Published: April 2019

AbstrakLembaga Perlindungan Konsumen Swadaya Masyarakat (LPKSM) Al-Jabbar dibentuk berdasarkan Pasal 44 Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Lembaga ini, sebagaimana terjabar dalam pasal tersebut berfungsi sebagai penerima aspirasi atau keluhan konsumen yang dirugi­­kan serta menangani masalah penyelesaian sengketa kon­sumen dan pelaku usaha. Salah satu penyelesaian sengketa yang dilakukan lembaga tersebut adalah sengketa fidusia. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana LPKSM tersebut melaksanakan tugasnya dalam penyelesaan sengketa fidusia antara pelaku usaha dengan konsumennya. Dari analisis normatif ditemukan bahwa lembaga tersebut belum menerapkan secara utuh ketentuan dalam undang-undang yang memayungi berdirinya lembaga tersebut.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Konsumen, LPKSM, Penyelesaian Sengketa
PERLINDUNGAN HAK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS TUNA GRAHITA SEBAGAI SAKSI KORBAN DALAM PROSES PERADILAN PIDANA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Barkah Aah Laelatul
Published: April 2019

Abstrak Setiap orang yang lahir di dunia tidak sama, ada yang dilahirkan sempurna dan ada yang kurang sempurna atau disebut sebagai penyandang disabilitas. Salah satunya adalah tuna grahita atau retardasi mental. Dengan perkembangan otak yang kurang sempurna, penyan­dang disabilitas jenis ini cenderung mudah menjadi objek kejahatan. Permasalahan muncul ketika mereka diharuskan untuk menjadi saksi korban atas tindak kejahatan yang mereka alami mengingat keter­batasan yang mereka miliki. Tulisan ini menjabarkan bentuk perlindung­an bagi penyandang disabilitas dengan melakukan analisis deskriptif terhadap Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas sebagai payung hukum pemerintah Indonesia dalam menjamin perlindungan bagi para penyandang disabilitas. Peradilan pidana atas kejahatan yang menimpa penyandang disabilitas dilakukan sebagaimana proses peradilan pidana pada umumnya. Yang membedakannya adalah saksi korban didampingi oleh seorang ahli selama persidangan.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan, Disabilitas, Proses Peradilan
NORMA HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM PELAKSANAAN BUYBACK TABUNGAN EMAS DI PEGADAIAN SYARIAH CABANG MAJALAYA
Authors: Haidah Neng
Published: April 2019

AbstrakTabungan Emas merupakan salah satu produk dari pegadaian syariah Cabang Majalaya. Produk ini adalah layanan jual beli emas dan titipan yang dilakukan oleh pemilik rekening kepada pe­gadaian syariah. Hanya dengan minimal pembelian emas sebesar lima ribu rupiah atau enam ribu rupiah, masyarakat bisa memiliki emas seberat 0,01 gr, yang secara otomatis langsung dititipkan kepada pihak pegadaian sampai berat gram emas mencukupi untuk dicetak dengan minimal 1 gr dan sampai nasabah meminta untuk diambil emas secara fisik. Apabila nasabah membutuhkan dana, emas tersebut bisa dicairkan berupa uang tunai dengan cara sistem buyback (pembelian kembali saldo emas yang dimiliki nasabah oleh pegadaian syariah), namun pemilik rekening belum pernah melihat emas miliknya secara fisik. Disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan layanan jual beli dan titip emas dalam tabungan emas ini menggunakan akad murabahah dan wadiah. Selain itu, sistem buyback (pembelian kembali), dilihat dari segi hukum ekonomi syariah awalnya tidak diperbolehkan karena cacat akan rukun akadnya yaitu obyek belum pernah dilihat oleh pemilik emas secara fisik. Akan tetapi demi kemaslahatan bersama, maka diperbolehkan dengan mengetahui nominal emas yang terdapat dalam buku rekening nasabah sebagai bukti kepemilikan emas, dan kedua belah pihak telah sepakat dengan menandatangani kontrak pada awal perjanjian.Kata Kunci: Emas, Akad, Buyback
PENYEBARAN UJARAN KEBENCIAN DALAM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Hasibuan Zainudin
Published: April 2019

AbstrakPerkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini seperti pedang bermata dua, karena selain memberikan kontribusi bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan, kemajuan, dan peradaban manusia, sekaligus menjadi sarana efektif melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum. Permasalahan hukum yang sering kali dihadapi adalah ketika terkait dengan pe­nyampaian informasi, komunikasi, dan/atau data secara elektronik. Kebebasan berpendapat seolah dibatasi oleh UU ITE tahun2008 ini, sehingga perlu adanya penjelasan atau kajian mengenai perbuatan ujaran kebencian yang dimaksud dalam UU ini dalam Pasal 28 ayat (2) Jo 45 ayat (2). Tinjauan Hukum Pidana Islam menggunakan dua istilah untuk tindak pidana yaitu jinayah dan jarimah, objek utama kajian fiqh jinayah yaitu al-rukn al-syar’i, al- rukn al-madi dan al-rukn al-adabi, jika dikaitkan dengan materi pembahasan, dimana hal ini erat hubungannya dengan al-rukn al-madi, maka objek utama kajian fiqih jinayah meliputi tiga bagian pokok, yaitu Jarimah Qishahs /diyat, Hudud, dan Ta’zir. Maka perbuatan tindak pidana ujaran ke­bencian tergolong kepada jarimah ta’zir, yaitu jarimah yang tidak ditentukan bentuk ataupun sanksinya dalam nash.Kata Kunci: Teknologi, Ujaran Kebencian, Pidana Islam
Consultation skills of last semester medical students in Sweden: video-recorded real-patient consultations in primary health care assessed by Calgary-Cambridge Global Consultation Rating Scale, a pilot study
Authors: Andersson Sven-Olof , Bardel Annika , André Malin , Kristiansson Per
Published: April 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Doctor-patient consultation is an essential element of high quality health care. Education and training of medical students in consultation skills is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the medical students' consultation skills before graduation by assessment of the students' video recordings of consultations with real patients at primary health care centres. Methods: All students had to make a video recording of a meeting with a real patient for formative examination. 26 students participated in the study and delivered a video recording and a self-assessment. Four general practitioners assessed the video recordings by Calgary-Cambridge Global Consultation Rating Scale (CC-GCRS). Statistical testing included comparisons between groups of students and assessors using non-parametric methods. Results: The average CC-GCRS-rating was higher for female students. The students' strengths were related to relation and problem exploration. Their limitations were related to patient's perspective, providing structure and providing information. The students assessed their consultation skills higher than the assessors did, while the relative levels were similar. The distribution of rating scores across the assessors was small. Conclusion:Consultation skills were acceptable for most medical students, although there was room for improvement regarding patient centeredness skills. CC-GCRS was feasible and might be a valuable instrument to assess consultation skills for medical students at the end of their medical education.
Routing in WSNs Powered by a Hybrid Energy Storage System through a CEAR Protocol Based on Cost Welfare and Route Score Metric
Authors: Senthilkumar R. , TamilSelvan G.M. , Kanithan S. , Arun Vignesh N.
Published: April 2019

Implementing a low cost, power efficient and high performance routing protocol in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important requirement for transmitting a packet through network. In this paper we propose, a new cost and energy aware routing protocol (CEAR) that works based on the two metrics such as cost welfare metric and route score metric.A hybrid electrical energy storage (HEES) framework which holds numerous banks of heterogeneous electrical energy storage (EES) components to be specific battery and a ultra-capacitor is used for providing energy to the network exhibit in the WSN for routing. The simulation results shows that our proposed routing protocol routes the packet efficiently by choosing the best path that also reduces the cost and routes the packet with reduced power consumption. The quantitative metrics in terms of packet delivery ratio of 0.93, average end to end delay of 110 secs, packet loss ratio of 0.75, average throughput attained of 250 bits/sec and efficiency of 98-99.9% overpowers the performance of our proposed work.
Performance Analysis of RAW Impact on IEEE 802.11ah Standard affected by Doppler Effect
Authors: Marwan Abdul Aziz , Perdana Doan , Sanjoyo Danu Dwi
Published: April 2019

Internet of Things (IOT) offers a new dimension of technology and information where connectivity is available anywhere, anytime, and for any purpose. IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network group is a standard that developed to answer the needs of wireless communication technology (WI-Fi). Recently, IEEE 802.11 working group released the 802.11ah technology or Wi-Fi HaLow as a Wi-fi standard. This standard works on the 1 GHz frequency band with a broader coverage area, massive device and the energy efficiency issues. This research addresses, the influence of Doppler Effect using Random Waypoint mobility model on 802.11ah with different RAW slot and RAW slot duration are analyzed. The design of the simulation system is done by changing RAW slot and RAW slot duration. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the overall performance of the network with all of the parameter scenarios is decreasing along with the increasing RAW slot, RAW slot duration, and fluctuation. In the RAW slot = 5 scenario with v = 10 km/h has the worst performance with an average delay which is about 0.128225 s, and average throughput is about 0.284337 Mbps while for RAW slot = 1 with an average PDR which is about 99.1076 %. While in the RAW slot duration = 0.020 s scenario with v = 10 km/h has the worst performance with an average delay which is about 0.135581 s, average throughput is about 0.286828 Mbps, and average PDR which is about 99.3165 %.
Extended TODIM Method for MADM Problem under Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Ren Haiping , Liu Manfeng , Zhou Hui
Published: April 2019

In actual decision making process, the final decision result is often affected by decision maker’s psychological behavior, however, for the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem in which attributes values are expressed with trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TIFNs), there is few literature considering the decision maker's behavior factors in decision making process. For this case, this paper first proposes a new distance measure of TIFNs and a new ranking method which considers decision maker’s attitude behavior, and then develops an extended TODIM decision making method. Finally an example is given to illustrate the validity and practicability of the proposed method.
Weighted Random Search for Hyperparameter Optimization
Authors: Florea Adrian-Catalin , Andonie Razvan
Published: April 2019

We introduce an improved version of Random Search (RS), used here for hyperparameter optimization of machine learning algorithms. Unlike the standard RS, which generates for each trial new values for all hyperparameters, we generate new values for each hyperparameter with a probability of change. The intuition behind our approach is that a value that already triggered a good result is a good candidate for the next step, and should be tested in new combinations of hyperparameter values. Within the same computational budget, our method yields better results than the standard RS. Our theoretical results prove this statement. We test our method on a variation of one of the most commonly used objective function for this class of problems (the Grievank function) and for the hyperparameter optimization of a deep learning CNN architecture. Our results can be generalized to any optimization problem dened on a discrete domain.
Optimal Data File Allocation for All-to-All Comparison in Distributed System: A Case Study on Genetic Sequence Comparison
Authors: Li Leixiao , Gao Jing , Mu Ren
Published: April 2019

In order to solve the problem of unbalanced load of data les in large-scale data all-to-all comparison under distributed system environment, the differences of les themselves arefully considered. This paper aims to fully utilize the advantages of distributed system to enhance the le allocation of all-to-all comparison between the data les in a large dataset. For this purpose, the author formally described the all-to-all comparison problem, and con-structed a data allocation model via mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Meanwhile, a data allocation algorithm was developed on the Matlab using the intlinprog function of branch-and-bound method. Finally, our model and algorithm were veried through several experiments. The results show that the proposed le allocation strategy can achieve the basic load balance of each node in the distributed system without exceeding the storage capacity of any node, and completely localize the data le. The research ndings can be applied to such elds as bioinformatics, biometrics and data mining.
Gene Sequences Parallel Alignment Model Based on Multiple Inputs and Outputs
Authors: Feng Xiaolong , Gao Jing
Published: April 2019

Bioinformatics computing is a kind of big data processing problem, which usually has the characteristics of large data scale, large computational load and long computational time. Therefore, the use of big data technology in bioinformatics computing has gradually become a research hotspot, and using Hadoop for gene sequence alignment is one of it. It is a common way to use various tools to complete a job in the field of Biocomputing. In most studies of parallel alignment of gene sequences using Hadoop, third-party tools are also needed. However, there are few methods using Hadoop independently to complete gene sequences alignment. Adding data processing with other tools to Hadoop workflow not only affects the improvement of computing performance, but also complicates the application. In this paper, a parallel alignment model of gene sequences based on multiple inputs and outputs is proposed, which can independently complete parallel alignment of gene sequences in Hadoop platform without using other tools. This model not only simplifies the process flow of gene sequence alignment, but also improves the performance compared with other methods. This paper describes in detail the method of manipulating gene sequences with multiple inputs and outputs modes on Hadoop platform and the design of a computing model based on this method, and proves the superiority of this model through experiments.
Problematics of forming the political space of Ukraine and the EU
Authors: Ferens Bogdan
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the issue of political space forming of contemporary Ukraine and European Union. The paper proposes a new classification of the political parties which are represented in Ukraine. It was determined by using different types of analysis the concept of “policy space” and its application in contemporary political science, main trends and relationships that directly affect the integration of Ukraine’s political system into the EU political space, importance of inter-party cooperation in the process of European integration.
Post Radiotherapy Lesions of the Heart Valves. Principles of Diagnosis and Results of Treatment
Authors: Muratov R. M. , Babenko S. I. , Sachkov A. S. , Soboleva N. N. , Andrianova E. A.
Published: April 2019

Background. The use of radiation therapy for the treatment of tumors of the chest сan lead to the development of cardiac pathology, including that of the valves and coronary arteries. Study aim: to analyze the specifics of post-radiation lesions of the valvular apparatus and coronary arteries, and to assess the immediate results and risks of surgical correction of detected defects. Materials and  methods. In the Emergency department of surgery of acquired heart disease of A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery in the period from 2004 to 2017 were examined and operated 46 patients aged 35–81 years (mean age 56±12.4 years, 80 % women). The period from primary irradiation of the chest to surgical treatment of valvular pathology ranged from 4 to 40 years. Indications for thoracic radiotherapy were Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 23 patients (50 %), breast cancer – in 20 (43 %). Results. Stenosis of the aortic valve was the leading defect in 42 patients (91 %). According to coronary angiography, coronary artery disease was diagnosed in 31 patients (67 %). Isolated aortic valve prosthesis was performed in 14 (30 %) patients, other operations were combined. Hospital mortality was 11 % (5 patients). There were no deaths among patients who underwent radiation therapy after mastectomy. Main nonlethal complications were: pericardial effusion in 6 patients (13 %), hydrothorax requiring repeated pleural punctures in 5 patients (11 %). Conclusion. The variety of clinical manifestations of radiation heart disease and its progressive nature emphasize the need for long-term dynamic observation of patients after thoracic irradiation in order to timely identify the pathology and eliminate the risk of sudden cardiac complications and the development of severe heart failure decompensation.
Demographic, Clinical, and Allergic Characteristics of Children with Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Momen Tooba , Saneian Hossein , Amini Niloufar
Published: April 2019

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disease isolated to the esophagus Food allergy is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of EOE. The aim of this study is to evaluate demographic features and sensitivity of patients with reference to common food allergens.
Children with documented EoE were enlisted for this study. Skin prick test and patch test were done for all participants. Each test contained common food allergens. Other tests, such as evaluation of total IgE and eosinophil count, were also done.
A total of 30 patients (the mean age of participants was 3±6 years) with 6 months to 15 years documented EoE participated in this study. The mean duration of symptoms was 2 years. Association with other allergic disorders was seen in 16 (32%) patients [Asthma in 8 (26.7%), allergic rhinitis in 5 (16.7%) and eczema in 3 (10%)]. The mean level of total IgE was 413.5±505.5 (IU/ML): total IgE level was above normal range for age in 17 children. The mean level of eosinophil was 372.2±305.2, and eosinophilia was seen in 11 patients (36.7%). The skin prick test and patch test findings showed that 28 patients (93%) and 17 of 30 patients (56.6%) tested positive to foods respectively. The most common positive skin prick test was for sesame and walnut. Patch test showed that the most common positive test was for fish. Evaluating the symptoms indicated that vomiting (70%) is the most prevalent symptom in patients; the less prevalent symptom was dysphagia (3.3%). Other prevalent symptoms were subsequent abdominal pain (33.3%), gaining weight failure (33.3%), heartburn (16.6%), cough (10%), fecal impaction (10%), and constipation (6.66%).
Our series confirms the high degree of atopy in Iranian children with EoE. These patients seem to be polysensitized to several food allergens Because of different eating cultures in different countries, considering special food in selecting allergens for allergic tests is needed.
Carbenoxolone Could Deteriorate Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes through Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 and IFN-γ in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Rasouli Mehdi , Jafari-khataylou Yaser , Ashrafi-Helan Javad
Published: April 2019

Type 1 diabetes (T1D), a spontaneous autoimmune disease, is associated with destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. Since some heat shock proteins (HSP), such as HSP70 exert a protective effect in both tissues and cells, the present study was conducted to elucidate the effects of carbenoxolone (CBX) as an HSP70 inducer on T1D.
The disease was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using streptozotocin (STZ) and subjects were allocated to therapeutic 1 and therapeutic 2 groups, as well as negative and positive control groups. The treated mice (therapeutic 1 and therapeutic 2 groups) received 50 mg/kg CBX intraperitoneally every 24 hours, in the therapeutic 1  group the drug was injected before and after disease induction whereas in the therapeutic 2 group the drug was injected only after disease induction. Serum fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, cytokines production (Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), and IL-17), serum HSP70 level and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) frequency measurements were outperformed 14 days after the last STZ injection.
Our results showed that in the treated groups, serum HSP70, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels were increased in contrast to the untreated groups. The IL-10 level was markedly decreased in comparison to untreated diabetic mice (p<0.05). Moreover, it was found that the frequency of Tregs in treated mice was lower in comparison to the untreated mice but the difference was not significant (p>0.05).
Our results confirm that CBX might through HSP70 induction, followed by increasing IFN-γ level leads to suppression of IL-10 production in diabetic mice resulted in toxic effects on pancreatic islet beta cells and deteriorating of disease.