bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypersexual behavior in a large online sample: Individual characteristics and signs of coercive sexual behavior
Authors: Engel Jannis , Kessler Andrea , Veit Maria , Sinke Christopher , Heitland Ivo , Kneer Jonas , Hartmann Uwe , Kruger Tillmann H. C.
Published: May 2019

Background and aims

Despite the high prevalence of perceived problems relating to symptoms of hypersexual disorder (HD), important aspects remain underinvestigated. This study examines symptoms of depression, symptoms of problematic cybersex, and coercive sexual behavior in a large online sample from a German-speaking population.

Methods

In an online survey, N = 1,194 (n = 564 women) participated in this study and completed measures including self-report questionnaires to assess depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), HD (HBI-19), symptoms of problematic cybersex (s-IATsex), as well as questions characterizing participants sexually, including fantasies and actual sexual coercive behaviors.

Results

Men reported increased levels of HD symptom severity, pornography consumption, masturbation, and partnered sexual activity. Moreover, 59% of men and 18% of women reported fantasies of sexual coercion, whereas 21% of men and 4% of women reported acts of sexual coercion. Moderated regression analyses showed that symptoms of depression as well as sexual coercive fantasies and behaviors were associated with levels of HD symptom severity. Problematic cybersex, total sexual outlet (TSO), pornography consumption, and number of sexual partners were also associated with HD symptom severity. Interaction effects indicated that, in women, the connection of TSO as well as pornography was more strongly associated with levels of HD symptom severity than in men.

Conclusions

This survey indicated that levels of HD symptom severity are often associated with severe intra- and interpersonal difficulties. Furthermore, the amount of sexual activity seems to be more strongly connected to levels of HD symptom severity in women than in men.
First record of the genus Diplotaxis Kirby, 1837 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Diplotaxini) in South America
Authors: Mendoza Iván Andrés , García-Atencia Sandy
Published: May 2019

The genus Diplotaxis Kirby, 1837 is composed of around 200 species reported from Canada to Panama. The species are most abundantly found in Mexico and the United States. This study reports for the first time the presence of Diplotaxis poropyge Bates, 1887 in Colombia. The individuals are from the departments of Atlántico and Bolívar in the Caribbean region of the country. With this discovery, we update the distribution of the genus to include South America.
An Evaluation of Implicit Bias Training in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Khatri Utsha , Zeidan Amy , LaRiviere Michael , Sanchez Sarimer , Weaver Lauren , Lynn Jenny , Shofer Frances , Todd Barbara , Aysola Jaya
Published: May 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Objective: Mounting evidence reveals that health care disparities stem from a combined effect of structural bias within our health system and the unconscious bias of well-intentioned health care professionals. The authors designed and evaluated a novel educational intervention to introduce the concept of unconscious bias to front-line providers. Methods: The authors designed and implemented an educational curricula for providers from three different programs at a single large, urban, tertiary-care academic institution. The intervention consisted of participants taking the implicit attitudes test (IAT), which was followed by a facilitated discussion. The discussion was audio recorded, transcribed, and coded for emerging themes. An online survey assessed participant awareness of these topics before and after the intervention and was analyzed using paired t-tests. Results: The authors analyzed the results by focus group. There were 19 participants in Focus Group 1 (FG1), 6 in Focus Group 2 (FG2), and 42 in Focus Group 3 (FG3). The majority of participants were white, between the ages of 26 to 35 and female. When analyzed in aggregate, authors found a statistically significant improvement in self-reported domains on whether the intervention changed participant understanding of healthcare disparities and implicit bias. While the authors' qualitative results indicated varying acceptance of the implicit attitude test, most participants acknowledged that implicit bias exists. Conclusion: Our educational intervention was successful at engaging front-line clinicians on the role of implicit bias on the development of health care disparities. However, prior to scaling our intervention to other institutions, many improvements should be considered including session structure, choice of facilitator and introduction of strategies to mitigate biases in clinical practice.
Biofertilizante e adubação mineral na qualidade de frutos de maracujazeiro irrigado com água salina
Authors: Nascimento Jose Adeilson Medeiros , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Guedes Dantas Stênio Andrey , Silva Sherly Aparecida , Dias Thiago Jardelino
Published: May 2019

A adoção de técnicas e insumos alternativos na fruticultura está associada  aos efeitos  no crescimento, capacidade produtiva das culturas e nas características externas e internas dos frutos, visando atender padrões de qualidade exigidos  para o consumo in natura ou  para o processamento do suco. Nessa direção, um experimento foi desenvolvido, no período de outubro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011 para avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de maracujazeiro amarelo irrigado com água salina no solo com biofertilizante bovino, e adubação mineral. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e 12 plantas por parcela, usando o esquema fatorial 4 × 2 relativo à quatro doses de biofertilizante bovino (0,0; 33,3; 66,6 e 100%) em solo sem e com adubação mineral (NPK).  As variáveis físicas avaliadas referiram-se a espessura e firmeza de casca, número de sementes e rendimento de polpa; as de natureza química foram pH do suco, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis (ºBrix) e teores de vitamina C. A adubação mineral potencializou o efeito positivo do biofertilizante nas características físicas e químicas dos frutos, tornando-os adequadas para o consumo in natura e para o processamento da polpa. O biofertilizante, mesmo no solo sem adubação mineral proporcionou qualidade físico-química adequada aos frutos de maracujazeiro. Pelos resultados a água de elevada salinidade não comprometeu a qualidade dos frutos para o mercado. O biofertilizante exerceu ação benéfica às características físicas e químicas de frutos de maracujazeiro irrigado com água de salinidade elevada.
Dynamic symmetrical mode III interface crack issues between unalike materials
Authors: Lu Nianchun , Xiang Qian , Hao Guodong , Wang Yuntao
Published: May 2019

Using the theory of complex variable functions, analytical solutions for dynamic symmetrical mode III interface cracks of two unalike materials were investigated. The issues considered could be very easily translated into Riemann–Hilbert problems according to the methods of self-similar functions, and analytical solutions of the stresses, displacements and dynamic stress intensity factors for the edges of symmetrical mode III interface cracks subjected to moving enhancive loadings, Pt 6/x 6 and Px 7/t 6, were obtained. The solutions were obtained by application of the superposition principle. The solutions of discretionally intricate queries could be readily acquired.
Ensembles of Life: Developing an Affirmative and Intensive Concept in Educational Research
Authors: Nordstrom Susan Naomi
Published: May 2019

In this article, I share how I developed an affirmative and intensive concept, the ensemble of life, in a postqualitative study about family history genealogy. Intensive concepts are new concepts that are developed using alternative methods, and seek to affirm what is being lived as well as open up possibilities for different ways of living. Data assembled during a postqualitative study about family history genealogists and the objects (e.g., photographs, documents, and other artefacts) they use to construct their ancestors provided fertile ground for intensive concept development. The excess of the objects bloated preexisting concepts and warranted a new concept, the ensemble of life, to describe the work of objects in family history genealogy that affirms that work and opens it up to becomings. The ensemble of life is a loose grouping of a person's trajectories-or lines-that are formed by the objects in a deceased person's life, the sensations associated with those objects, and the virtual potential of those objects.
MASP1 - Multiplex PCR-SSP (rs7609662, rs13064994, rs72549262, rs1109452, rs850314) v1
Authors: Weinschutz Mendes Hellen
Published: May 2019

Multilex PCR-SSP for genotyping of the following 5 SNPs of Human MASP1 gene: Intron 1 rs7609662*G>A rs13064994*C>T Exon 12 3’-untranslated: rs72549262*C>G rs1109452*C>T rs850314*G>A
Single cell electrophoresis (leukocytes) "Comet Test" v1
Authors: Jiménez Azucena
Published: May 2019

The comet assay is a very sensitive method to detect DNA fragmentation induced by genotoxic agents at alkali-labile sites in individual cells.
Food Safety: Genetically Modified Organisms Testing is A Necessity v1
Authors: Miller Ilsa
Published: May 2019

Genetically modified food is a double-edged sword that can not only bring human beings into a bright future but may lead humanity to extinction as well if the demerits are ignored. Therefore, to find the balance point between the advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified food is the way
In Vitro Transcription for dgRNA v2
Authors: Lyden Amy , Crawford Emily , Quan Jenai , Caldera Saharai , Pesce-Ares Lara
Published: May 2019

For FLASH, DASH, and other CRISPR-cas9 protocols, we use T7 to transcribe our crRNA and tracrRNA to make dgRNA for cas9. It is more time-, labor-, and cost-effective to make dgRNAs instead of sgRNAs for large guide RNA libraries such as those used in DASH or FLASH. The two components of the dual guides are the crRNA (containing your variable 20 nt target plus a 22 nt constant region) and the tracrRNA (a 72 nt constant region).
NON INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE SEVERITY OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Ali Kosar , Omer Shirwan , Abdalla Razhan
Published: May 2019

Background 

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ≥ 25 mm Hg, Pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD is the main cause of increase in pulmonary artery pressure and is thought to result from the combined effects of hypoxia, inflammation and loss of capillaries in severe emphysema. There is a paucity of worldwide data on prevalence and incidence of PH in COPD. There are also wide variations in the reported prevalence rates in the few studies that have been carried out. This is largely due to the definition of PH and the method of measurement of PAPs. The diagnosis of PH relies on Doppler echocardiography, and right heart catheterization is needed in a minority of patients. 

Objectives 

This cross-sectional study involved 60 patients with COPD. The entire subjects met certain inclusion and exclusion criteria to exclude other possible contributing factors of pulmonary hypertension. All subjects completed a questionnaire, after clinical examination and investigations, the diagnosis of COPD made by a Specialist Physicians in the hospital and Echocardiography was performed by a cardiologist.

Results

The mean age of included patients was 67.1±11.2 years; males were more than females with male to female ratio as 2.75:1, among study sample (48.4%) COPD patients were current smokers, with mean of 54±29 packs/year, mean Spo2 of COPD patients was 89.7±6 %. The Gold staging of COPD patients was distributed as followings; stage I (25%), stage II (33.3%), stage III (21.7%) and stage IV (20%), Pulmonary hypertension (PH) as diagnosed by echocardiography was present among 66.7% of COPD patients. Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among COPD patients in our study was 66.7%. And pulmonary hypertension severity was distributed as followings; mild (37.5%), moderate (32.5%) and severe (30%). Right ventricular hypertrophy was present among 31.7% of COPD patients. 

Conclusion

High incidence of pulmonary hypertension among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, pulmonary hypertension severity is related with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and Echocardiography is useful and effective tool for detection of pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MODIFIED MALLAMPATI TEST, INTER-INCIZOR GAP, UPPER LIP BITE TEST, THYROMENTAL DISTANCE AND ALL IN COMBINATION AS PREDICTOR FOR DIFFICULT INTUBATION
Authors: Hussein Taha , Boujan Amir
Published: May 2019

Background 

Patients need to be assessed preoperatively in order to predict difficult intubation, because difficult or failed intubation is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality. Prediction of difficult intubation lowers these risks. Modified mallampati test, upper lib bite test, thyromental distance and inter-incisor gap are used to assess difficult intubation.

Objectives 

To find and compare sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of the tests alone and in combination.

Patients and Methods

We used randomized double blinded diagnostic trial for our study. We collected 130 patients of both gender who were aged more than 16 years and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I, II, III. Moreover, the patients underwent elective and emergency operation and required tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. The study was performed at Sulaimani Teaching and Sulaimani Emergency Surgical hospitals. Furthermore, an anesthesiologist assessed the airway and documented the findings and another one did the induction. In addition, induction was standardized for all patients and the anesthesiologist recorded the Cormack and Lehane laryngoscopic view after intubation.

Results

We found that thyromental distance has higher sensitivity (42.9%) for predicting difficult intubation but combination of all the tests increased this percent to 71.4%. Moreover, upper lib bite test had higher specificity (95.7%) to predict easy intubation, even higher than in the combination of all tests. When we combined all of the tests, sensitivity increased significantly but specificity decreased. 

Conclusion

Combinations of the tests together are better predictor of difficult intubation than using each test alone.
COMPONENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGY FORMING THE PROFESSIONAL REFLEXION OF FUTURE SOCIAL PEDAGOGES IN THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Vasylieva-Khalatnykova M.
Published: May 2019

In the article the characteristics and peculiarities of pedagogical technology of formation of professional reflection of future social educators in the higher educational institution is a clear scientific and theoretical basis for the optimal realization of the tasks of vocational training. The developed pedagogical technology was considered as a collection of regular, functionally related components, constituting a definite integral system. The allocation of components in pedagogical technology has allowed it to be divided into blocks (target, functional, informative, organizational, productive) that provided the opportunity to more clearly represent the purposeful process of forming professional reflection of future social educators in the higher educational institution. The formation of a professional reflection of future social educators in a higher educational institution will be successful in the presence of appropriate pedagogical conditions. Moreover, it is necessary to identify, analyze and generalize in a systematic way those pedagogical conditions, to effectively influence this process and the professional formation of future social educators.

The introduction of pedagogical technology for the formation of professional reflection of future social educators in a higher educational establishment is impossible without taking into account the pedagogical conditions for its implementation. In spite of the fact that they acted as part of the organizational unit of sound and developed pedagogical technology, in essence they were a kind of "core" that allowed it to function and be effective.
Research Project: Language and Discourse Practices of World Media in the Context of Axiological Dominants’ Change
Authors: Golubovska Iryna , Darchuk Natalia , Chernenko Hanna
Published: May 2019

The main problem the present project addresses is the development of an integrated approach to diachronically oriented study of the main sociocultural values based on semiotic oppositions: culture / nature; materialistic / spiritual; joy / grief; health / illness; beauty / deformity, which involves the development of linguocognitive and linguoculturological methods on the material of fine arts’ and media texts based on the identification of verbal and non-verbal markers of value dominants what contributes to the formation of a postmodernist model of the world examined in the veine of new cultural values and anti-values emergence.

The working hypothesis of the project is that the study of lingual and discursive reflexes of the changes in values of the modern society, made with the help of corpus data on the material of the European languages, will reveal the main features of the modern world conceptual system based on the common for many ethnic groups (at least European) systems of values and anti-values.

The goal of the project might be put as working out of an algorithm for analyzing the process of changing of axiological orientations of a society, which will be carried out on the material of fiction and media texts on the grounds of a corpus-based approach to the processing language data.

The relevance of such a research is due to the lack of systemic studies of this kind both in domestic linguistics and abroad: so far there are no studies within which an attempt is made to investigate changes in the axiosphere of modern society on the material of many European languages practicing the corpus approach to processing cultural and speech data and highlightening both global and national-specific values inherent for this or that linguoculture.

The study will be anthropocentrically oriented, as well as a set of neolinguistic approaches to processing lexical, phraseological and grammatical innovations in media (which will be considered in linguocognitive, linguo cultural, linguopragmatic, discursive and suggestive aspects) would be exercised.

Predicted results might significantly affect the empowerment of human self-reflection in the context of identifying axiological attitudes that speakers both intentionally and unwittingly broadcast in their daily communicative practices (many of them are being formed just by media and fiction texts). This is extremely important in the context of the informational wars, when there is a need to increase the level of mass media texts’ critical perception, the last very often appear to be an instrument of political propaganda.
Effect of fixed dose combinations of different α1-blockers with dutasteride on quality of life in patients of lower urinary tract symptoms with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Madan Nishant , Gupta M. C. , Kamal Hemant
Published: May 2019

Background: Fixed dose combination (FDC’s) of α1-blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors have commonly been used in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study compared the effect of FDC’s of tamsulosin, alfuzosin and silodosin with dutasteride on quality of life (QoL) in patients of LUTS with BPH.Methods: Ninety-six male patients aged ≥45 years diagnosed with LUTS and BPH were randomized to receive FDC’s of dutasteride with tamsulosin (group 1), alfuzosin (group 2) and silodosin (group 3) over a period of 16 weeks. Quality of life was assessed using International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) 8th question, BPH impact index (BII) and modified Patient Perception of Study Medication (PPSM) questionnaire.Results: IPSS 8th question score improved significantly by 61.68%, 57.63% and 63.4% in group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. BPH Impact Index score also improved significantly by 62.95%, 60.13% and 61.82% in group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. All the three treatments were found to be similar in improving the QoL. Majority of patients were satisfied with their treatment and wanted to receive the medication again while a small number of patients were neutral with the study medication. None of the subjects was dissatisfied with any of the treatment.Conclusions: All the FDC’s improved QoL and were found to be satisfactory as per patient perception of study medications.
Evaluation of wound healing activity of Hibiscus rosa sinensis linn in albino rats
Authors: Gala Monil Yogesh Neena , Pathak Swanand S.
Published: May 2019

Background: From debridement to the appearance of healthy granulation tissue is the maximum time during which the patient suffers more economically and psychologically. Due to high cost expenditure in hospitalisation, dressing material cost and loss of daily earnings during this period which puts a psychological pressure over patient and family especially in India where majority of the population is still below poverty line. Also access to quick treatment is yet not possible to majority of population living in rural with no access to basic healthcare.Methods: It was an experimental study wherein Wistar rat models were used to check for the wound healing property of Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis (HRS) compared with one of the common standard drugs of treatment for available today, betadine. To observe the wound healing property of the HRS flower extract, the experiment was divided into 2 parts i.e. excision wound model and incision wound model. The groups were treated with respective medication along with a control group of rats.Results: At the end of the experiment, it was observed that HRS flower extract increased the wound breaking strength as compared to control but not as effectively as compared to the betadine ointment.Conclusions: HRS flower extract helps in early epithelization and helps in decreasing the wound size. Betadine is associated with adverse events like life threatening allergic reactions, water retention, etc.
Evaluation of antioxidant potential of melatonin in periodontitis: a prospective clinic-biochemical study
Authors: Marawar Anagha , Marawar Pramod , Nandal D. H. , Kunkulol Rahul , Narwane Sandeep
Published: May 2019

Background: The present study was done with an objective to evaluate the effect of melatonin as an antioxidant in patients suffering from periodontitis.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Periodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni. Patients of chronic periodontitis, of age between 18 to 65 years of either gender ready to give informed consent to participate in the study were included. Postoperative patients, patients having night duties, drivers and those using heavy machinery, pregnant women, lactating mothers, patients with any clinically significant systemic disease and patients on any other drugs were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into three Groups. Group A included patients who underwent SRP (Scaling and Root Planning) alone, Group B included patients who underwent SRP & supplemented with Vitamin E 200 IU daily at night for 4 weeks. Group C included patients who underwent SRP & supplemented with tablet melatonin 3 mg daily at night for 4 weeks. Estimation of Malondialdehyde (MDA) for serum lipid peroxidation8, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was done on day 0, day 30, day 60 and day 90.Results: A total 240 patients were enrolled in the study. It was demonstrated that there was considerable oxidative stress in periodontitis patients, as established by high serum MDA levels, which was reduced significantly by melatonin reflecting its antioxidant potential. Pretreatment levels of SOD and GPx also were low, which were improved with the treatment of melatonin far better than with vitamin E.Conclusions: Melatonin acts as an antioxidant in the patients of periodontitis which has positive effect on biochemical parameters of periodontitis, conferring a new facet to the management of periodontitis and an attempt to impede the disease progression.
Methods of step extraction of rocks of high-carbon formations for the study of the component distribution of bitumen and variability of their basic geochemical parameters
Authors: Tikhonova Margarita S. , Ivanova Daria A. , Kalmykov Anton G. , Borisov Roman S. , Kalmykov Georgii A.
Published: May 2019

The article describes organic-rich rocks sequential extraction method for the bitumen composition difference. The method step-by-step extracts bitumen first from open and then from closed pores using three organic solvents with increasing polarity. The released bitumen differs in malthens/asphaltenes ratio, the distribution of n-alkanes, the content of terpanes and steranes, and, thus, the values of the biomarker parameters. These parameters show difference in the degree of organic matter thermal maturity, which is relates to different types of rock pore space. At the same time different parameters show different maturity ratio between bitumen from open and closed pores. Changes in the composition of bitumen allow to estimate the migration of hydrocarbon compounds through the well, to investigate the effect of sedimentation conditions on the pore space and the distribution of bitumen. The results show that investigation of bitumen received by one-step extraction from powder can lead to incorrect interpret of obtained results.
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ УГОДИЙ ПО ПЛОЩАДЯМ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ТОМСКОГО РАЙОНА
Authors: Пасько Ольга Анатольевна , Захарченко Александр Викторович , Поспелова Екатерина Викторовна
Published: May 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью оптимизации размеров земельных участков для совершенствования организации использования земель сельскохозяйственного назначения в зоне рискованного земледелия. Цель: анализ сложившегося пространственного распределения площадей хозяйств и земельных участков сельскохозяйственного назначения для выбора путей оптимизации их использования. Объекты: 3309 земельных участков 25 хозяйств, расположенных в Томском районе на юго-востоке Томской области. Методы: аналитический, картографический, корреляционный, регрессионный и кластерный виды анализа. Результаты. Проведен анализ выборки, имеющей 3309 значений площадей земельных участков из 25 хозяйств Томского района, и определены ее основные статистические показатели. Полимодальность выборки и ее несоответствие нормальному распределению определили непараметрические методы анализа. На основе иерархического кластерного анализа предложена таксономия (общие размеры участка, масштаб, стандартизация по близости к региональному стандарту, относительные отклонения от стандарта, относительные размеры и принадлежность к хозяйству) и классификация площадей земельных участков сельскохозяйственного назначения. Установлено, что площади, непригодные и малопригодные (закустаренные) для ведения сельского хозяйства, составляют 44 % от общего количества. Кормовыми культурами занята почти половина земель, садовыми и овощными 7 и 2 % соответственно. Доминируют серые лесные почвы (45 % участков), 14 % участков покрывают светло-серые лесные почвы, а 11 % – все остальные типы. Дерновые глубоко-подзолистые, дерново-глеевые и дерново-глееватые почвы на землях сельскохозяйственного назначения встречаются редко. Положение земельных участков в ландшафте в основном элювиальное (72 % участков) и трансэлювиальное (21 % участков). Менее сотни участков характеризуются супераквальными почвами. Показано, что в Томском районе такие факторы, как тип почв, бонитет почв, положение в ландшафте и хозяйственное назначение не оказывают влияние на размеры площади сельскохозяйственного участка. Установлена линейная зависимость между средней площадью земельного участка и числом участков в хозяйстве, что указывает на их стандартизацию внутри хозяйства. Проведена классификация земельных участков по их площадным размерам и принадлежности к регламенту.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЕЙ МЕЖДУ ХИМИЧЕСКИМ СОСТАВОМ ВОД И ДОННЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ РЕК СИБИРИ
Authors: Савичев Олег Геннадьевич
Published: May 2019

Актуальность. Понимание механизма и количественная оценка взаимодействия между речными водами и веществом речных наносов, донных отложений и берегов представляет собой методологическую основу планирования мероприятий по рекультивации нарушенных водных объектов, экологического мониторинга и гидрогеохимических поисков полезных ископаемых. Цель работы: количественное описание взаимосвязей между химическим составом речных вод и донных отложений. Методы исследования: статистические методы, математическое моделирование гидрогеохимических процессов. Результаты и выводы. Рассмотрена математическая модель взаимосвязей концентраций Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, As водах и донных отложениях рек Омутная (речная система Омутная–Киргизка–Томь–Обь), Ильбокич, Боткич, Верхняя и Нижняя Немба, Инганба (притоки реки Чадобец; система Чадобец–Ангара–Енисей) и Актру (система Актру–Чуя–Катунь–Обь). Предложен алгоритм определения параметров этой модели, включающий регрессионный анализ и использование методов оптимизации. Показано, что связи между химическим составом речных вод и донных отложений существенно не линейны и зависят от абсолютных и относительных характеристик интенсивности водообмена, заболоченности водосборных территорий и рН речных вод. Установлено, что абсолютное и относительное приращение концентраций в речных водах обычно меньше, чем соответствующее приращение концентраций в донных отложениях. В то же время иногда отмечаемые высокие концентрации Fe и повышенные содержания некоторых микроэлементов могут быть связаны не только с наличием природных геохимических аномалий в донных отложениях или загрязнением водного объекта, но и с определенными сочетаниями природных условий, например, с приближением фактической сорбции к максимально возможным значениям.
Effects of Scutellaria barbata extracts on serum glycolipid hormones and pancreatic-tissue structure in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Song Ruile , Tian Chunyang , Xian Miao , LI Tang , Chen Zhengli , Jing Fang , Chao Huang , Luo Qihui , Liu Wentao , Cui Hengmin , Wang Kaiyu , Min He , Yi Geng , Ouyang Ping , Lai Weimin
Published: May 2019

The study describes the effect of Chinese herbal medicine extracts from Scutellaria barbata on serum glycolipid hormones and pancreatic-tissue structure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Healthy Wistar rats (n = 150) were divided randomly into two groups: healthy (30) and model (120). The healthy group was fed normally for 30d and injected citrate buffer on day 31. The model group was fed high-fat and high-sugar feed for 30d and injected STZ on day 31. On day 38 the model group was divided randomly into four groups: model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose S. barbata (n = 30 in each). 5, 10, 20, and 30dafter treatment, serum levels of FGB, INS, CORT, TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C in all groups were measured and pancreatic-tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and aldehyde fuchsine to observe the tissue structure. The results showed significantly decreased levels of FGB, INS, CORT, and LDL-C (P less than 0.01) and increased level of HDL-C (P greator than 0.05).In addition, the damaged structure of diabetic pancreatic tissue has been partially restored in the low-dose S. barbata group. These results show that low-dose S. barbata extract treatment is effective in treating T2DM.
Caecal microbiome and metabolites associated with different growth performances of broilers
Authors: Chen Xue , Zhao Wei , Liu Yang-zhi , Demelash Natnael , Sun Zhe , Sun Zhe , Zhang Xue-feng , Wang Tao , Zhen Yu-guo
Published: May 2019

We investigated changes in the caecal microbial composition and metabolic compounds of broiler chickens weighing approximately 0.8–1.5 kg. Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (n =186) were divided into four groups (A–D) according to body weight on day 35. The results showed that there were significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) of chickens (P less than 0.05). The abundance of 11 genera were found to be significantly different in the four groups (P less than 0.05). The broilers with poor performance had increased levels of D-mannose, hexadecanoic acid, cholesterol, L-valine, L-leucine, glutamic acid, glucopyranose, á-D-allopyranose, and phosphoric acid (P less than 0.05) in the cecum. Microbial compositions were different in the ceca of broilers with different growth performances, and higher growth performance correlated with changes in metabolic pathways related to energy, amino acids, and others.
Serological and molecular detection of Bovine Herpes Virus 1 infection in cattle by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Jithin P. M. , Sankar Surya , Mani Binu K. , Simon Shibu , Reji Roshin M. , Bosewell Anu , Mini M. Mini
Published: May 2019

The present study was undertaken to assess the seroprevalence of Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BoHV 1) in cattle in and around Thrissur district employing ELISA and to detect the presence of the virus from suspected cases of abortion in cattle using PCR assay. A total of 182 serum samples were screened using commercially available ELISA kit of which 22 were found positive for BoHV1 antibody with a seropositivity of 12.09 per cent. For the detection of BoHV1 virus in aborted cases, a PCR assay was standardised targeting glycoprotein C gene of BoHV1. Out of a total of 13 aborted foetal tissue samples, six were found to be positive with an amplicon size of 179 bp. Further, the amplicons were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences showed that our sample from Kerala grouped with isolates from India (Gujarat and UP), Brazil, Switzerland, and USA.
Detection of polymorphism in the promoter region of TNF-alpha gene of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and its association with disease resistance
Authors: Kumar Anurag , Mishra S. K. , Lavakumar S. , Singh Karan Veer , Kumari Namita , Sodhi Monika , Mukesh M. , Niranjan S. K. , Kumar Avnish , Kataria R. S.
Published: May 2019

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation and death, as well as in innate and adaptive immune response. In this study we have sequence characterized upstream regulatory region of TNF-á gene of buffalo. Ten single polymorphic nucleotides (SNPs) -541A/T, -553A/G, -563,C/G, -619A/G, -659A/G, -706C/G, -730G/T, -794A/G, -898G/T, -981A/G) along with one indel at position -783 were identified. Further when analysed, among riverine and swamp types, 16 and 17 transcription factor–binding sites (TFBS) respectively were observed. Riverine and swamp buffaloes differed by PAX-2 transcription factor binding site at position -541 present in riverine and absent in swamp, important in the proliferation of multiple cell lines and development of organs. Comparative analysis of TNF-á upstream region revealed presence of additional NF-k binding site in buffalo and v-Myb binding site in cattle only. Genotyping of SNP -794A/G by tetra-ARMS PCR revealed variable allele frequencies among riverine and swamp buffaloes, however in clinical mastitis affected and non-affected Murrah buffaloes this SNP didn’t show any significant association with mastitis resistance. Overall study reveals the sequence variation in TNF-á promoter, possibly leading to modification of transcriptional regulation in swamp and riverine buffalo.
Molecular identification of sex in the monomorphic breed of pigeons
Authors: Gruszczyñska J. , Alama A. , Mi¹sko M. , Florczuk - Ko³omyja P. , Grzegrzó³ka B.
Published: May 2019

In many avian species, especially in monomorphic species and breeds, sex identification creates a serious problem, as they do not show any phenotypic differences. One of such breeds is the Wroclaw Meat Pigeon. In this study, molecular identification of sex with P2 and P8 primers used for the CHD1 (chromo-helicase-DNA-binding-protein) gene amplification was performed. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed from 46 birds, and their DNA was isolated with the phenol-chloroform method. The fragments (370 bp CHD1-Z; 350 bp CHD1-W) obtained from the PCR were cut with the BsuRI. Only the sequence in the Z chromosome was cut into fragments of 305 and 65 bp by the restriction enzyme. The difference between CHD1-Z and CHD1-W was visualized in 3% agarose gel. A single band was identified as male, whereas two bands (plus 1 invisible) were identified as female. Consequently, 23 specimens in each sex were identified.
Effects of different mixture ratios of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) on quality of silage
Authors: Seydosoglu Seyithan
Published: May 2019

The study was aimed to determine the properties of silages obtained by growing different mixture ratios of grass pea and barley harvested in the flowering and spike period, respectively. The research was carried out in the experimental field of the GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growth seasons during two years. “Kendal” barley variety and GAP Mavisi grass pea variety were used as material.The treatments viz.,100% barley, 100% grass pea, 75% grass pea + 25% barley, 50% grass pea + 50% barley and 25% grasspea + 75% barley mixtures were used for different silage preperations. Silages were prepared with 4 replications in 3 liters plastic jars, which were mixed and compressed uniformly and sealed thight. Crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and lactic acid ratios of silages were determined. According to 2-year average results; all applications were found statistically significant.
Analysis and classification of cyberatacks on online technical documentation of railroad automation and telemechanics
Authors: Vasilenko Mikhail , Bulavskiy Petr , Vasilenko Petr
Published: May 2019

Objective: To analyze modifications of cyberattacks on online technical documentation of railroad security systems. Methods: The specificity of railroad automation and telemechanics (RAT) documentation maintenance in electronic document management systems was estimated and presented. Also the assessment of enforceability of cyberattacks under actual operating conditions was given. Results: The possibility of critical failure of train control systems resulting from cyber faults of error type in technical documentation was demonstrated. A classification of cyberattacks on electronic databases of technical documentation was introduced. Vulnerability of the latter was uncovered. Practical importance: The necessity to develop special security measures for electronic databases of RAT technical documentation was justified. It concerned cyber faults of error type. Moreover, practical implementation alternatives of security methods in case of cyberattacks were introduced.
The hyphen as a non-traditional sign of orthography
Authors: Shcherbak Antonina S.
Published: May 2019

In this study we consider such a nonalphabetical sign of Russian orthography, as the hyphen, which was field of increased focus of the famous Kazakh scientist N.I. Gainullina. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the written works of today’s bachelor’s, master’s degree student and even postgraduate students are confused three characters: a dash as a punctuation mark, a hyphen as a sign of orthography and em dash, or “long dash”, which appeared as a result of the development of information technology and computer-network topics, the so-called “Internet” “long dash”. Based on the material of examples of writing Russian toponyms found that among the currently existing recommendations on the use of hyphen and contained in the current, known to all Russian speakers set of orthographic rules, there is no clear notation that would provide for its use for the division of complex toponyms; we highlight the reasons for the unresolved spelling of complex toponyms. It has been established that the “expressive purposes” of the hyphen usage, the statement of which contradicts the traditional spelling of the word, and it is proved that the use of the hyphen in various texts should be considered as a manifestation of the individual author’s handwriting features, when the main goal of the author of the text is achieved-to convey the proposed subtleties of the meaning of words and the elegance of the formula of self – expression.
Aptitud cognitiva y compromiso motivacional en el éxito educativo de estudiantes con y sin dificultades de aprendizaje
Authors: Oliveira Pereira Fernando
Published: May 2019

La estructura de la actividad mental y el consiguiente desarrollo de sus componentes funcionalmente afectan la calidad del desempeño de los estudiantes. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer la diferencia entre algunos detalles estruturales de los niveles psicológicos de la funcionalidad de los alumnos con y sin dificultades de aprendizaje. Investigación de predominancia cuantitativa y de tipología experimental, teniendo por variables independientes la edad, el año escolar, las retenciones escolares, la aptitud cognitiva y la motivación para aprender y por variables dependientes el rendimiento o éxito escolar. La muestra de esta investigación consistió en un contingente de 550 estudiantes: 275 con y 275 sin dificultades de aprendizaje. Los instrumentos metodológicos usados fueron la entrevista psicológica, cuestionários sociodemográficos, de registro del desempeño de los estudiantes en los tres períodos de los dos últimos años escolares y de evaluación de los maestros y de los padres sobre las habilidades de los alumnos para aprender y la motivación para estudiar. Los resultados muestran que los componentes de la actividad de aprendizaje – aptitud cognitiva, compromiso motivacional y éxito educativo – presentan diferencias importantes en el cuadro de intercorrelaciones entre componentes en los alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje, siendo menor en estos la consistencia de los vínculos entre los diversos componentes estudiados comparado al cuadro presentado en los alumnos sin dificultades de aprendizage. La discusión demuestra y concluye que la conexión menos fuerte entre los componentes, el rendimiento académico y la aptitud para el aprendizaje y la motivación para estudiar, conduce a la mayor dispersión de los níveles de funcionamiento psíquico de los alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje.
Natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx strains
Authors: Liu Yongjian , Zhang Yu , Li Hanping , Wang Xiaolin , Jia Lei , Han Jingwan , Li Tianyi , Li Jingyun , Li Lin
Published: May 2019

Background

There is increasing evidence that HIV-1 genetic diversity can have an impact on drug resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological situation of CRF65_cpx and the impact of natural polymorphisms of this variant on genotypic resistance.

Methods

We used the BLAST search program followed by phylogenetic analysis to identify additional CRF65_cpx pol sequences from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database. Maximum likelihood phylogeny was estimated to clarify the epidemiological relationship of CRF65_cpx strains. Genotypic resistance was determined by submitting sequences to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database.

Results

A total of 32 CRF65_cpx pol sequences were obtained. The CRF65_cpx strains were detected in seven provinces with large geographic distance. Yunnan CRF65_cpx sequences were mainly derived from a heterosexual risk group, whereas the CRF65_cpx sequences in other provinces were almost exclusively derived from an MSM population. With one exception of V179E, the other 31 strains harbored V179D mutation. The combination of V179D and K103R, conferring intermediate resistance to EFV and NVP, was detected in seven treatment-naive MSM patients.

Conclusions

The active transmission of CRF65_cpx among MSM was responsible for the geographic expansion of CRF65_cpx in China. Surprisingly, we found the natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to NNRTIs in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx. Our findings highlight the contribution of polymorphic mutations to drug resistance and underscore the challenges in treating patients harboring CRF65_cpx strains.
Distribution of virulence genes and phylogenetics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Dadi Belayneh Regasa , Abebe Tamrat , Zhang Lixin , Mihret Adane , Abebe Workeabeba , Amogne Wondwossen
Published: May 2019

Background

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) bacteria are the major cause of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains derive from different phylogenetic groups and possess an arsenal of virulence factors that contribute to their ability to overcome different defense mechanisms and cause disease. The objective of this study was to identify phylogroup and virulence genes of UPEC among urinary tract infection patients.

Methods

A total of 200 E. coli bacteria were isolated from 780 UTI patients using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Identification of phylogroup and genes that encodes for virulence factors was done using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data was processed and analyzed with SPSS version16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software.

Result

The most common urologic clinical manifestation combinations in this study were dysuria, urine urgency and urgency incontinence. The frequent UPEC virulence gene identified was fim H 164 (82%), followed by aer 109 (54.5%), hly 103 (51.5%), pap 59 (29.5%), cnf 58 (29%), sfa 50 (25%) and afa 24 (12%).There was significant association between pap gene and urine urgency (p-0.016); sfa and dysuria and urine urgency (p-0.019 and p-0.043 respectively); hly and suprapubic pain (p-0.002); aer and suprapubic pain, flank pain and fever (p-0.017, p-0.040, p-0.029 respectively). Majority of E. coli isolates were phylogroup B2 60(30%) followed by D 55(27.5%), B1 48(24%) and A 37(18.5%). There was significant association between E. coli phylogroup B2 and three virulence genes namely afa, pap, and sfa (p-0.014, p-0.002, p-0.004 respectively).

Conclusion

In this study the most frequent E. coli virulence gene was fim H, followed by aer, hly, pap, cnf, sfa and afa respectively. There was significant association between E. coli virulence genes and clinical symptoms of UTI. The phylogenetic analysis indicates majority of uropathogenic E. coli isolates were phylogroup B2 followed by phylogroup D. Phylogroup B2 carries more virulence genes. Hence, targeting major UPEC phylogroup and virulence genes for potential vaccine candidates is essential for better management of UTI and further research has to be conducted in this area.