bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IX. VE X. YÜZYILDAKİ ARAP SEYYAHLARIN DİPNOTU: BEDEN
Authors: ÖRKÜN Berkant
Published: December 2022

“Beden”e dair yapılan tarihsel çalışmaların çok azında seyahatnameler kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Bunun birinci nedeni; Avrupa’da, seyahatnamelere benzer eserlerin ancak ortaçağda yazılmaya başlanmasıdır. İkinci neden ise; seyahatnamelere olan güvensizliktir ki bunun da nedeni seyahatnamelerin hem kurguyu hem de gerçeği bir arada taşıyabilme özelliğidir. Bu nedenle araştırmacılar, çoğu seyahatname çalışmasında, kurguyu bir kenara iterek gerçeği yakalama tuzağına düşerler. Aslında seyahatnamedeki kurgusal olanın da, yazıldığı dönemdeki söylemi bize taşıdığı için, gerçekle birebir olduğunu göz ardı ederler. Hâlbuki Avrupa merkezli bakışın dışına çıkıldığında ve seyahatnamelere bütüncül bakıldığında; Doğulu seyyahların, çok erken tarihlerde, “beden” hakkında oldukça farklı bir dünyayı araladıklarını kolayca fark edebiliriz. Bu makalenin amacı da Arap seyyahlar tarafından yazılmış seyahatnamelerden yararlanarak IX. ve X. yüzyılda, Doğu’daki “beden algısı”nın kapısını aralamak ve beden tarihi çalışmalarına katkı sunmaktır. İşte bu düşünceden yola çıkarak makalemizde; IX. ve X. yüzyıllarda yaşamış olan Müslüman seyyah ve coğrafyacılardan Ya’kubî’nin, İbn Hurdazbih’nin, Süleyman el-Tâcir’in, Ebû Zeyd el-Hasan b. Yezid el-Sirûfî’nin ve İbn Havkal’ın seyahatnamelerinden yararlanarak bu dönemlerdeki “beden”e bakışı ele aldık. Özellikle de beden ve iktidar arasındaki bağlantının XVIII. yüzyıldan sonra değil, daha eski tarihler olan IX. ve X. yüzyıllarda da karmaşık bir ilişkiler ağına sahip olduğunu gösterdik.
TÜRKAN ŞORAY FİLMLERİNDE HALK KÜLTÜRÜ UNSURLARININ İŞLEVLERİ
Authors: DURSUN Aysun , GÜMÜŞ Ayten
Published: December 2022

Bir millete ait maddi ve manevi değerler, kadim zamanlardan günümüze anlatılarak, yazılarak, görsel unsurlar kullanılarak geleceğe taşınmıştır. Çağın değişimi ile kültürel unsurların aktarılma ortamları farklılaşmıştır. Yazıyla başlayan gazete, dergi, radyo, televizyon, sinema ve internet yoluyla varlığını sürdürmeye devam eden elektronik kültür ortamı, halk kültürü unsurlarının aktarılma alanlarını oluşturur. Bu ortamlar arasında sinema, aynı anda pek çok kişiye hitap edebilmesi, görsel-işitsel olarak dikkatleri toplama gücünün yüksek olması ve halk kültürüne ait unsurları aktarma gibi özellikleriyle öne çıkar.

İnsanı ve yaşamı merkeze alan sinema ile kültür, zamanla birbirini besleyen iki unsur haline gelmiştir. Toplum, günlük yaşam içinde yer alan duygu, durum ve olayların bir benzerini beyazperde de görür. Halk kültürü unsurlarıyla bezenen görsellerin varlığı, halk arasında yapılagelen pek çok uygulamanın oyuncuların konuşma, kıyafet, tavır ve davranışlarına yansıması sinema filmlerinin ve oyuncularının toplum tarafından benimsenmesinin önünü açar.

Türk sinemasının önemli sanatçılarından biri olan Türkan Şoray’ın yer aldığı filmlerde, Türk halkına ait temel kültürel değerler, gelenekler ve halk kültürü unsurları büyük ölçüde varlık gösterir. Bu çalışmada Türkan Şoray’ın başrol oyuncularından biri olduğu ‘Güllü Geliyor Güllü (GGG)’ (1973), ‘Sultan Gelin (SG)’ (1973), ‘Bir Aşk Masalı Ferhat ile Şirin (BAMFİŞ)’ (1978), ‘Hazal (H)’ (1979), ‘Yılanı Öldürseler (YÖ)’ (1981), ‘Berdel (B)’ (1990), ‘Şahmaran (Ş)’ (1993) filmleri Sedat Veyis Örnek’in halkbilimi kadroları tasnifi ışığında incelenerek bu filmlerde yer alan halk kültürü unsurlarının işlevleri ortaya konulacaktır.
Exploiting optical coherence tomography to evaluate wear in spiral dental polishing systems
Authors: de Souza e Silva Kamylla Yolanda , Falcão Cecília Maria Cruz , Fernandes Luana Osório , Gomes Anderson Stevens Leonidas
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of spiral polishing systems in restorative materials through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Performance of spiral polishers specific to resin and ceramics were evaluated. The surface roughness of restorative materials was measured, and images of the polishers were acquired by OCT and stereomicroscope. Surface roughness was reduced in ceramic and glass-ceramic composite polished with a system specific to resin (

p

<

0.01

). Surface area variation was observed on all polishers, except for the medium-grit polisher tested in ceramic (

p

<

0.05

). Similarity between images obtained through OCT and stereomicroscopy presented a Kappa inter- and intra-observer of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. Then, OCT was able to evaluate wear areas in spiral polishers.
Model-independent nonlinearity rectification algorithm using a phase-probability-equalization-based look-up table
Authors: Yu Xin , Liu Yuankun , Chen Wenjing
Published: December 2022

In the fringe projection system, nonlinearities often result in severe artifacts, such as the gamma effect and the phase-shifting error. Most previous methods can only eliminate the nonlinearity of a particular model. Additionally, the problems of coupling nonlinearities are difficult to solve. Therefore, this paper proposes a model-independent nonlinear rectification algorithm. By applying phase probability equalization (PPE) on several complete periods of a flat area, we built a look-up table (LUT) between the phase error and the wrapped phase, and retrieved an accurate phase with the subtraction of a searched phase error. The simulation and experimental results show that, compared with the traditional full-field PPE algorithm, the proposed algorithm is more robust to the object height distributions and has better rectification on incomplete fringe periods. Besides, the proposed algorithm also has higher efficiency because of the characteristics of local processing and noniterative characteristics.
Optimal liquid crystal amount and sufficient margin control for best display quality
Authors: Lim Yong-Woon , Yeo Minkyu , Lee Joohee
Published: December 2022

The phenomenon of a liquid crystal (LC) display panel includes deterioration with time, the quality management being monitored, gap-induced faults in harsh conditions such as high temperature, depressurization with low temperature, and hitting on the panels to remove the possibility of any problems at anywhere in the world. Therefore, obtaining the LC amount margin is very important at up and down enough margins by any changes in the environment. In particular, we derive the main factors affecting for well-management of the LC amount margins due to the increasing complexity of the panel architecture and the development of materials when there are frequently a lot of changes. A method was found to approximate the three-dimensional structure in the panel to reflect the measured values as representative values; based on such values, a simulation system that automatically generates the structure based on the design file was built. To evaluate the consistency, we compared the actual LC amount for 14 products and the simulation calculated value and secured an accuracy of about 98.9% the result of the comparison between the real and simulation, including the margin section, secured a linear correlation of 92.6%, and its consistency was verified. It has been verified that the amount of LC drop can be automatically adjusted.
Coloring coral larvae allows tracking of local dispersal and settlement
Authors: Doropoulos Christopher , Roff George
Published: December 2022

Quantifying patterns of dispersal and settlement in marine benthic invertebrates is challenging, largely due the complexity of life history traits, small sizes of larvae (<1 mm), and potential for large-scale dispersal (>100 km) in the marine environment. Here, we develop a novel method that allows for immediate differentiation and visual tracking of large numbers of coral larvae (106 to 109) from dispersal to settlement. Neutral red and Nile blue stains were extremely effective in coloring larvae, with minimal impacts on survival and settlement following optimization of incubation times and stain concentrations. Field validation to wild-captured larvae from the Great Barrier Reef demonstrates the efficacy of staining across diverse taxa. The method provides a simple, rapid (<60 minutes), low-cost (approximately USD$1 per 105 larva) tool to color coral larvae that facilitates a wide range of de novo laboratory and field studies of larval behavior and ecology with potential applications for conservation planning and understanding patterns of connectivity.
Undernutrition and its associated factors among children aged 6 to 59 months in Menz Gera Midir district, Northeast Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Engidaye Getabalew , Aynalem Melak , Adane Tiruneh , Gelaw Yemataw , Yalew Aregawi , Enawgaw Bamlaku
Published: December 2022

Background

Undernutrition can lead to impaired physical growth, restricted intellectual skills, low school performance, reduced working capacity, and rooted disability in adult life. Thus, this study was designed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among children aged 6 to 59 months.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir District. A multi-stage sampling technique was applied to recruit the study participants. Socio-demographic and socio-economic variables were collected by using structured questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements of the children were measured according to the World Health Organization’s recommendation. A data collection sheet was used to collect information on the types of foods and number of meals consumed by the child. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with undernutrition.

Result

In this study, about 11.3% (95% CI: 8.3–14.3%), 50.2% (95% CI: 45.5–55.0%), and 28% (95% CI: 23.8–32.3%) were wasted, stunted, and underweight, respectively. Children aged 12–23 months (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.01–3.87), 36–47 months (AOR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.00–4.19), and being anemic (AOR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.73–4.92) were found to be an independent predictor of stunting. Moreover, being anemic was found to be significantly associated with wasting (AOR: 6.84; 95% CI: 3.16–14.82).

Conclusion

According to the findings of this study, undernutrition was a serious public health issue among 6–59 month old children in the Menz Gera Midir District. Children’s age and anemia status were significantly associated with stunting and wasting. Therefore, community-based nutrition programs are vital to reduce childhood undernutrition
Disease, detection and diagnosis: The medical short story and the struggle for literary success in the 1890s
Authors: Bray Suzanne
Published: December 2022

After the first death of Sherlock Holmes in 1893, both Arthur Conan Doyle and L. T. Meade turned to the medical short story in order to fill the gap in the popular market. While Meade’s series in The Strand (1893–96), in collaboration with Dr Clifford Halifax, were extremely popular and created a new, sub-genre of detective fiction, Doyle’s stories, published in Round the
Red Lamp (1894) were not well-received. The irony in this comes from the fact that Meade managed to adapt the Sherlock Holmes formula to medical fiction, while Doyle did not learn from his own success.
‘Into the woods’: In conversation with Carolina Brown
Authors: Durneen Lucy Dawes
Published: December 2022

A conversation between acclaimed Chilean short story writer and novelist, Carolina Brown and Lucy Dawes Durneen, including a focused reflection on the writing process for the accompanying short story, ‘House of the Red Deer’. Brown discusses aspects of her creative practice, touching on the relationship of her writing to photography, as well as the contemporary Latin American short story, the portrayal of the body, and the importance of nature and place in her work.
‘But what are they?’: Zine-making and invitational creative practice in an undergraduate creative writing class inspired by the work of Lynda Barry
Authors: Cartwright Anthony
Published: December 2022

This illustrated article offers a record of work done for a third-year undergraduate module called Creative Writing and the Self, as part of the Creative and Professional Writing programme at the University of the West of England, Bristol, in the autumn term of 2021, where students created zines as a record of their student experiences, which corresponded to the years of the pandemic. The article considers the students’ creative process and what is communicated in the zines, pages from which illustrate the article, informed by the methodology of Lynda Barry. The module offered the opportunity for staff and students to use a more open-ended rhetoric than elsewhere on their course(s), and the article considers this alongside the pedagogical implications of a hybrid and multimodal form and approach, of telling stories using text and images, inviting acknowledgement and observation, rather than judgement.
Frustrating white men: Masculinity and genre instability in Eat and Gregory Go Boom
Authors: Lupher Sonia
Published: December 2022

This article draws a connection between the genre instability of Janicza Bravo’s first two short films and her subject position as a Black woman directing films about vulnerable white masculinity. In fluctuating between the tonal and genre markers of comedy and horror, Eat (2011) and Gregory Go Boom (2013) reveal the contradictions between mainstream representations that uplift flawed white male characters and how they are perceived by those they oppress.
Film style, production design and the politics of interracial–interfaith relationship in Yasmin Ahmad’s Chocolate (2009)
Authors: Purnama Ari
Published: December 2022

In this article, I examine the film style of Yasmin Ahmad’s short film Chocolate (2009) by looking specifically at its production design component. Through the application of design intensity theory, the abstract function of film style theory and Viktor Shklovsky’s ostranenie (defamiliarization) concept, my examination reveals that production design through the patterning of everyday objects as props (kitchen utensils, a plastic food cover, AA batteries, a baby milk bottle and a chocolate bar) in Chocolate functions more than denoting the setting of the story and enhancing the reality effect. It also works to visualize abstract ideas about the ambivalent possibilities of interracial–interfaith relationships in contemporary Malaysia.
Pawai Malam Lebaran Menggunakan Musik DJ di Perbaungan Kabupaten Serdang: Perspektif Tokoh Muhammadiyah dan Al-Washliyah
Authors: Damanik Deniansyah , Arifin Oji
Published: December 2022

Every 1st night of Shawwal (Eid al-fithr of Muslims) in Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, there have been a takbir parade with decorative cars and DJ music. Therefore, the author is interested in examining this problem from the perspective of Muhammadiyah and Al-Washliyah figures in Perbaungan District. This article is field research methods by conducting interviews to some religious figures in Perbaungan district. This article found that the event organizers forbid the use of DJ music in the regulation. Apart from that, the opinion of the Perbaungan District Muhammadiyah figures tends to prohibit this act due to the mixing of takbir with DJ music. this is inversely proportional to the figure of Al-Washliyah Perbaungan who still has the opportunity to allow it because there is no firmly argument (qoth'i) which prohibits music and as long as it is not negligent the listener. This article finds that the opinion of Al-Washliyah figures is more relevant and easily accepted by the public. This is because the banning of a tradition requires a lot of time. In Islamic law, the principle of tadarruj is known, which means the prohibition or order of something must be done in stages.
Penentuan Mahar Berdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan Pengantin Perempuan Perspektif Hukum Adat dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad
Published: December 2022

The determination of the dowry in the Purba Baru was carried out from generation to generation, so it was difficult to shift it, even though the times had progressed. Uniquely, the determination of dowry in Purba Baru is based on the education level of the bride, even though in Islam it is stated that the form of dowry is only that which is valuable and useful. This research is qualitative, which prioritizes quality requirements in the form of understanding the problem. While the informants in this study were four people, namely 1) community leaders 2) youth 3) women 4) community. The techniques used to collect data in the consensus of this study were 1) interviews 2) observation 3) and 3) documentation. Determining the dowry based on the level of education in Purba Baru is an act that creates two legal consequences if the purpose of the determination is to elevate the dignity of women, especially regarding whether an action is legal or not, it causes things that are contrary to the Shari'a thus it becomes illegal to accept it, even may become unlawful.
Kajian Filantropi di Indonesia: Studi Undang-Undang Pengumpulan Uang Atau Barang dan Undang-Undang Zakat
Authors: Prassetyo Erik Dwi , Aulia Layla
Published: December 2022

Philanthropy is an important aspect that can improve people's welfare, therefore the government must make regulations regarding good philanthropy by existing legal requirements. However, the current regulations, namely the regulations CMG and the Zakat regulations, are considered to still have weaknesses, as well as the large philanthropic benefits that exist will be difficult to achieve. This research focuses on a comparative study between the rules CMG and the Zakat regulations with the main issues being the first, how philanthropy is regulated in the two regulations, and second, how the comparison is between the two. This research is a type of normative legal research (library) with a comparative method and statutory approach. The source of this research data is from laws, books, or journals that are relevant to the discussion. The results of this study indicate that philanthropic arrangements in Zakat regulations are more ideal and effective when compared to regulations CMG which still have many weaknesses. These weaknesses can be seen from aspects of technology utilization, requirements, reporting, financing of organizational activities, guidance and supervision, and finally related to sanctions. It seems that it can be seen that both laws regulate provisions regarding licensing, accountability, and law enforcement. Meanwhile, the difference is that there are no regulations regarding the CMG, provisions regarding licensing requirements, community participation, special management, guidance and supervision agencies, administrative sanctions, as well as provisions on the number of criminal sanctions and fines.
HISBAH: LEMBAGA KEAMANAN HUKUM DAN PERADILAN
Authors: Kamsi Kamsi
Published: December 2022

H}isbah is an important way of monitoring is known by the Muslims in the early days of Islam that completes supervision to correct and prevent ethical lapses. H}isbah during Umar have an important role in market surveillance and the activities carried out in them, which is ekonomi. This article is aimed at the most important things that exist in the economy by Umar jurisprudence on h}isbah and its role in overseeing economic activities. H}isbah is in etimolgy and terminology revolves around the ordering good and forbidding the evil (amar ma’ruf nahi munkar). Terminological meaning h}isbah was ordered to leave if there is goodness and forbid unjust if there are practiced. The concept of hisbah above extends to cover all members of society capable of ordering the good and forbidding the evil, whether they are assigned by the state or did not required by resmi. Sebagaimana space h}isbah scope includes the rights of Allah and the rights of man. This means that h}isbah cover all facets of life. Where is the discussion here will be narrowed explanation h}isbah implementation by the state at the time of Umar in matters related to the economy
KADAR MINUMAN BERALKOHOL PERDA NOMOR 7 TAHUN 1953 KOTA YOGYAKARTA PERSPEKTIF MAQĀSID ASY-SYARĪ’AH
Authors: Idawan Irman Doni
Published: December 2022

In terms of permits and collection of sales tax on licenses to sell liquor, Yogyakarta city government has issued Regional Regulation (Perda) No. 7 of 1953 and confirmed by the Regional Regulation No. 7 of 2006 on changes to the criminal provisions in local regulations area of the city of Yogyakarta. However, these two rules are not discussed in detail the levels of restrictions in the use of alcohol liquor is allowed to be sold. This paper uses philosophical worldview that explains the theory of Maqa>sid as-Syari>’ah in understanding the limitations alcoholic liquor contained in the Regional Regulation No. 7 of 1953. The regulation is not clear on setting the levels of alcohol restrictions. In fact, the provision of alcohol it is a very crucial due to excess use of alcohol is a risk to the maintenance of religion, life, intellect, lineage and property. New legislation, number 7 in 2006 only stipulates sanctions for violations contained in the Regional Regulation No.. 7 in 1953 and have not been able to address problems that exist.
TINDAK PIDANA KHALWAT DI NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM DALAM PERPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Idaliyah Siti
Published: December 2022

Aceh is one of the regions in Indonesia which have the particularity in thefield of law, it can be seen from the Law No. 11/2006 on the Governingof Aceh. Therefore, the government of Aceh set Qanun as the rule of law inforce. Among the qanun are Qanun No. 14 of 2003 on action seclusion/nasty. Viewed from the perspective of Indonesian Criminal Code, thekhalwat is including violations seclusion immoral acts, as stated in Article532-536 of the Indonesian Criminal Code. Between Qanun seclusionwith the Criminal Code there are similarities in terms of the purpose ofpunishment. The general objective of both of this regulation is to providea deterrent punishment for the perpetrator and a lesson for others not to dothe same. However, there are differences between the provisions of Qanunseclusion with wanton violation of the Criminal Code, namely in terms ofthe type of punishment for violators of the offense and the law enforcement
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM NASIONAL BERDASARKAN UU NO. 25 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG SISTEM PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL
Authors: Halim Abd.
Published: December 2022

This article explains the fundamental differences of national law development based on Act No. 25/2004 about National Development Planning System.In the period before the birth of Act No. 25 /2004, political interests at that time mistakenly putting the function of law as a tool of social engineering. Law simply used as legitimacy by policy makers, the emphasis tends to the law development in both the normative and empirical level and placement by per field and sector in Guidelines of State Policy, whereas in Act No. 25 2004, law development more oriented towards regulative framework (normative) and the placement does not sectorally / per field.
STUDI ATAS PANDANGAN KAUM AGAMAWAN, PRAKTISI KESEHATAN DAN RESPONS MUI TERHADAP MASALAH ABORSI
Authors: Mustafid Fuad
Published: December 2022

Abortion is a classic problem that still continue to be discussed among experts and the public. It is perhaps because of the practice of abortion continues to occur from time to time with vary shapes and motifs. In Indonesia, talks and discussions on abortion also gone on long enough. The experts, both clerical and medical experts, involved in a heated debate on the issue of abortion. Nevertheless, the debate nevertheless did not come to fruition. On the other hand, the practices of abortion continues to occur in the wider community. The Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI) felt obliged to give guidance to the Muslims in viewing and addressing the issue of abortion. In this case, the steps taken by the MUI issued a fatwa is the law. The MUI fatwa states that abortion is against their religion, so it must be prevented. But on the other hand, the institution of fatwa also gives room for the possibility of abortion if it is seen it will be able to bring good to the pregnant mother and her family.
PEMBENTUKAN PEMERINTAHAN DARURAT REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1948-1949 DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH SIYASAH DAN HUKUM TATA NEGARA
Authors: Hilmatiar Moch. H. Kharismulloh
Published: December 2022

The formation of an emergency government of the Republic of Indonesia came from the Second Dutch Military Aggression on December 19, 1948 in Yogyakarta. In the aggression, President Sukarno and Vice President Mohammad Hatta taken prisoner by Dutch soldiers, causing a vacuum and paralysis of government. Before the Dutch prisoner, president has gave the a mandate to Sjafruddin prawiranegara, to form the Emergency Government, if the central government when it can no longer pass on its obligations. Sjafruddin prawiranegara located in Bukit Tinggi when the Dutch attack waged, not aware of the mandate, due to disruption of communication between Yogyakarta and Bukit Tinggi as a result of the Dutch attack. After knowing for sure captivity, then together civilian and military leaders in Central Sumatra, sjafruddin prawiranegara established the Emergency Government dated December 22, 1948. This study will discuss the PDRI according to the concept of the emergency state in perspective of fiqh siyasah and Constitutional Law. This study shows that the Emergency Government has played an important role in the framework of the struggle and the state administration during the Indonesian nation to maintain the independence of the Dutch Military Aggression II, especially in defending the existence of the Republic of Indonesia. Emergency Government struggle is inseparable from the process between diplomacy and the armed struggle, it is the process of the struggle waged to achieve the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia sovereign. While legally, both from the perspective of the concept siyasah harbiyah in fiqh siyasah and Law of the State of Emergency in Constitutional Law, sjafruddin prawiranegara who served as Chairman of the Emergency Government between December 19, 1948 to the date of July 13, 1949 entitled referred to as the President of the Republic of Indonesia in emergencies.
METODE PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN RAMADAN, SYAWAL, DAN ZULHIJJAH MENURUT DEWAN DAKWAH ISLAMIYAH INDONESIA
Authors: Abshor Muhammad Ulil
Published: December 2022

Dewan Dakwah Islamiyah Indonesia (DDII) when setting the start of Ramadan and Syawal they follow the Indonesian government method (imkanur rukyah) with matla 'Indonesia (wilayatul hukmi, parts of Indonesia as a jurisdiction), but when the month of Idul Adha following the government's decision of Saudi Arabia. The reason, Eid al-Adha is closely related to the standing events so that decisions regarding the events wukuf the government authorities Saudi Arabia. Rukyah sect DDII is Mecca referring Rukyah official letter signed by the Secretary General of the Muslim World League Syeikh Muhammad Shalih Islami Qazzaz Number: 1/6/5/45 dated July 25th 1975 regarding determination of Eid Al Adha addressed to the members of the Majlis Mohammad Natsir as Ta ' The Mudir side of Maktab and the General Counsel of Rabithah 'Alam Islam. In the letter mentioned proposition Syeikhul Azhar Abdul Halim Mahmud in the form of a press release in 1975 that called for that in terms of determining the beginning of the month of Zulhijjah, should all be guided by the results of an Islamic state Rukyah Saudi Arabia, so that the Muslims of the opinion in the issue of the establishment of the standing at Arafat. DDII use understanding the verses of the Quran and hadith, related to the argument of the testimony rukyah, replenish a fair witness to determine the beginning of fasting, while the end of the fasting decided to use at least two witnesses were fair and tsiqah (reliable). Witnesses are not required to be male or female, because what is delivered is a news of observation.
DIVINITAS DAN HUMANITAS DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Sodiqin Ali
Published: December 2022

Islamic law from its source is divine law because it is based on God’s revelation, but from its implementation, Islamic law is human made law, which is interpretation of revelation. So that in Islamic law contained the side of divinity and humanity, absolute character on one side and relative on the other side. The implication, which is called Islamic law is all the interpretation of the revelations made by the mujtahids. In Islamic criminal law, that reality also occurs. Although the source is revelation, the humanity aspect receives an important attention in Islamic criminal law. The purpose of establishing Islamic criminal law is to uphold human rights, such as the right to life, the right to marry, the right to property, the right of self-esteem, the right to think, and other basic rights. The guarantee of human rights protection is also seen in the form of penal sanctions, law enforcement models and law enforcement orientations. Legal sanctions are not the goal of law enforcement but the means or strategies so that they are adaptable. Law enforcement refers to restorative justice involving perpetrators, victims, communities, and the state. The legal orientation is not only to resolve legal conflicts, but to enforce social defense.Kata Kunci: hak asasi manusia, jinayah, restorative justice, perlindungan sosial
PEMBARUAN PEMIKIRAN HUKUM ISLAM: Studi tentang Teori Hudud Muhammad Syahrur
Authors: Mustafid Fuad
Published: December 2022

In the last few decades, the awareness of the importance of reforming Islamic legal thought has been increasing. This is triggered by the fact that the existing Islamic law is considered less able to respond to various problems that arise and develop in the modern world. As a result, Islamic law is seen or deemed to be incompatible with the times. This is of course contrary to the doctrine or belief that Islam is a plenary religion that will always be in harmony with the times. This anxiety also afflicted Muhammad Syahrur, prompting him to examine carefully and deeply the teachings of Islam, especially those contained in God's revelation. From his careful and profound study of God's revelation, Syahrur succeeded in formulating a theory of legal excavation which became known as hudud theory. This theory is expected to be a means to reform in the field of Islamic law. This paper will try to study the theory hudud (nazhariyyah al-hudud) offered by Syahrur.Kata Kunci:  Muhammad Syahrur, teori hudud, pembaruan pemikiran hukum Islam
PENETAPAN USIA PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA DAN (WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN) MALAYSIA Menelusri Latar Belakang Filosofis dan Metode yang Digunakan
Authors: Agustin Inneke Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Perkawinan dilaksanakan untuk membentuk keluarga yang kekal, bahagia dan sejahtera. Faktor psikologis maupun  fisiologis dari masing-masing mempelai dapat mempengaruhi keberlangsungan rumah tangganya. Dengan demikian sangatlah perlu adanya pembatasan usia untuk melangsungkan perkawinan. Oleh karena itu, kajian-kajian pembaharuan hukum keluarga di negara-negara Islam salah satunya membahas mengenai penentuan batas usia perkawinan. Indonesia mempunyai ketentuan mengenai batas usia perkawinan yaitu 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan. Sedangkan di Malaysia khususnya di wilayah persekutuan menetapkan batas usia perkawinan bagi laki-laki 18 tahun dan bagi perempuan 16 tahun. Indonesia dan Malaysia merupakan negara di Asia Tenggara yang penduduknya mayoritas beragama Islam dan bermazhab Syafi’i. Artikel ini akan menelusuri latar belakang filosofis serta metode yang digunakan untuk menetapkan batas usia perkawinan di Indonesia dan Malaysia.
DISTRIBUSI “WARISAN” MENGGUNAKAN MUFAKAT PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN KONFLIK: Studi di Masyarakat Desa Sedayu Kec. Turen Kab. Malang
Authors: Adhkar Shohibul
Published: December 2022

Distribution of inheritance which is mean all the property of parents to all heirs, particularly children, it becomes an important part. Refer to the basic part of the inheritance law that has been written clearly in the Qur'an. But the fact in Sedayu Village Kec. Turen Kab. Malang which prefer to use consensus way or kinship deliberation. The aims of this study. First, to find out why Sedayu people uses consensus way in distributing inheritance. Second, To know the models of the distribution of inheritance in the community of Sedayu Village Kec. Turen. The method used in this research is Empirical Law or Social Law research with qualitative descriptive approach. While the data are extracted in the form of primary data derived from interviews and documentation of the informant, informant and respondent on the practitioner of inheritance distribution using consensus. To answer what are the fundamental reasons for consensus and how it is distributed. In this research, the researcher find the result of phenomenon data of the inheritance distribution that exist in the community of sedayu village. First, the fundamental reason they use consensus in the distribution of inheritance, to prevent conflicts when inheritance is distributed. Because for them the main family unity. The second reason with the consensus of the division of inheritance is more just and equitable without discrimination as in the inheritance of Islam. Secondly, the distribution model of the inheritance they use as well as the grant given to all the heirs in this case is the biological child, testament and inheritance they use are not in accordance with the Shari'a. Rather they equally share the heirs as in the grant. Based on the results of the research, it is concluded the reason for the village community using consensus in the division of inheritance is to overcome the conflicts which occurred during the division of inheritance, to keep the family together and with the consensus to be equally divided. The model used is not much different from the existing system in the Shari'a. But not in accordance with the Shari'a.
KEKERASAN SEKSUAL (PEMERKOSAAN) DALAM RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI ALASAN PENGAJUAN PERCERAIAN DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Maghfiroh Roikhatul
Published: December 2022

Keutuhan sebuah rumah tangga dan kerukunan pasangan suami istri adalah sebuah keniscayaan yang tak terelakkan. Hal-halyang dapat menyebabkan keretakan rumah tangga salah satunya yaitu kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah sesuatu yang harus dihindari olehsemua pihak, baik oleh anggota keluarga, masyarakat, pengemuka agama, bahkan pemerintah. Mengingat pentingnya perlindungan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, tidak ironis jika terdapat peraturan perundang-undangan yang bertujuan untuk menghapus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Misalnya dalam UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Hukum Islam memandang bahwa kekerasan seksual dapat dijadikan sebagai alasan pengajuan perceraian karena terdapat unsur pemaksaan dan tidak menjalankan Mu’asyaroh bi al-Ma’ruf, sedangkan menurut hukum positif berpendapat bahwa berlaku sewenang-wenang saja dapat dijadikan alasan pengajuan perceraian apalagi sampai melakukan kekerasan seksual secara paksa.
PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI PEMBATAL SALAT: STUDI ATAS PANDANGAN NASR AD-DIN A-ALBANI DAN FATIMA MERNISSI
Authors: Irfan Muhammad Miftah
Published: December 2022

Islam hadir dengan membawa semangat kesetaraan antara lakilaki dan perempuan, baik dalam hal ibadah maupun lainnya. Namun demikian, terdapat sejumlah nash Al-Qur’an dan juga hadis nabi yang mengesankan adanya subordinasi terhadap perempuan. Salahnya adalah hadis yang menyatakan bahwa lewatnya perempuan di depan orang yang salat bisa menjadi penyebab batalnya salat. Dalam hal ini, perempuan, anjing dan keledai seolah diposisikan secara setara dan sama-sama bisa menjadi penyebab batalnya salat. Berkaitan dengan hadis ini, Muhammad Nas}r ad-Di>n al-Albi>ni memegangi makna literal hadis nabi tersebut. Dengan demikian, menurutnya, perempuan yang lewat di depan seseorang yang sedang menjalankan salat bisa menjadikan salatnya batal. Sementara itu, Fatima Mernissi berpendapat sebaliknya, bahwa lewatnya perempuan di depan orang yang sedang salat tidak bisa secara otomatis membatalkan salat. Dia berarguen bahwa ada kecenderungan patriarki yang tersimpan dalam hadis tersebut. Nasr ad-Din al-Albani berpegang pada hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Abu Hurairah dan Abu Zarr, sementara Fatimah Mernissi berpegang pada hadis Aisyah dan Ummu Salamah. Hadis-hadis tersebut ‘tampak’ saling bertentangan namun sebenarnya bisa dikompromikan dengan menggunakan metode al-jam’u wa at-tawfiq. Dengan menggunakan metode tersebut dapatlah dikatakan bahwa melintasnya perempuan di depan orang yang sedang menjalankan salat tidaklah membatalkan salat, namun memutus kehusyu’an salat. Hal ini sejalan dengan kata yaqt}a’u dalam hadis tersebut, yang makna aslinya adalah memutus. Dengan demikian, hadis tersebut harus dipahami bahwa melintasnya perempuan bisa menjadi pemutus kehusyukan salat, bukan sebagai pembatal salat.
Kaffārah Rules on Having Intercourse During Ramaḍān: Gender Analysis of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudāmah’s Opinions
Authors: Billah Mu'tashim , Nurdiansyah Rifqi , Alyaparangu Kaukabilla
Published: December 2022

This article tries to analyze the doctrine of kaffārah as the repentance for those who break the fast doing an intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān based on the opinions of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudamah viewed from the perspective of gender. This is a library research that used descriptive-comparative methods along with normative and gender equity approach that discusses the text and modern context. The data was derived from the fikih’s books. This article shows that Muslims who commit a sexual intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān are burdened by an expiation that is mentioned in ḥadīṡ. Imam Nawawi stated that wife is not burdened by an expiation if she commits the intercourse, either by her willingness or under the compulsion. While Ibn Qudāmah stated that wife is burdened by an expiation if she commits it by her willingness and the legal burden will be lost if she is being under compulsion. From the perspective of gender, there is no difference between both man and woman’s kaffārah obligation. Both will get the consequence from all they have done, because both are the subjects of law. They should discuss each other on what choices to expiate their sins.
Islamic Justice in Indonesia Polygamy Regulation on Asghar Ali Engineer’s Perspective
Authors: Mayasari Lutfiana Dwi , Cahya Akmal Adi , Agustina Ulfa Wulan
Published: December 2022

Indonesia has formulated the regulation of polygamy. Those regulations did not provide a contextual justice, especially towards women, at least if it viewed from some perspective. This research tries to measure the justice on those regulations on Asghar Ali engineer’s perspective of justice. This article is library research which use a normative and qualitative approach along with triangulation as collecting data method. Based on this article discussion, we find a conclusion that Indonesia provides the women/wife a chance to participate in the session process. Indonesia arranged that the wife’s agreement is one of requirement for husband to demand polygamy before the court. Therefore, in the view of Asghar, marriage law of Indonesia respect towards women if it regulation obeyed by the judge. In his view, justice for weak-side is the basis and fundamental teachings of Islam. The justice referred to him, is substantive justice, not just justice in the text.
Saxagliptin: A potential doping agent? A randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, and crossover pilot study in young active men
Authors: Bourdillon Nicolas , Eugster Philippe J. , Vocat Céline , Nguyen Toan , Wuerzner Gregoire , Grouzmann Eric , Millet Grégoire P.
Published: December 2022

Neuropeptide Ys (NPYs) contribute to sympathetic‐adreno stimulation: NPY1‐36 potentiates the effects of catecholamines (CATs), whereas NPY3‐36 inhibits CAT release. We sought to investigate whether inhibiting dipeptidyl‐peptidase‐4 (DPP4), cleaving NPY1‐36 into NPY3‐36, leads to increased NPY1‐36 potentiating effects and reduced NPY3‐36 inhibitory effects on CATs, thereby improving endurance performance. Seven male participants (age 27 ± 3 years, BMI 23.1 ± 2.4 kg/m2) performed time‐to‐exhaustion cycling exercise at 95% of peak power output with either placebo, or saxagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor. Oxygen consumption (V̇O2), heart rate variability, NPY1‐36, NPY3‐36, catecholamines, and lactate were measured at several time points before, during, and after exercise. With saxagliptin, DPP4 activity (12.7 ± 1.6 vs. 0.2 ± 0.3 U/L, p = 0.001; d = 10.7) was decreased at rest, while NPY3‐36 (1.94 ± 0.88 vs. 0.73 ± 0.22 pm; p < 0.001; d = 2.04) decreased and NPY1‐36 increased during exercise (2.64 ± 2.22 vs. 4.59 ± 2.98 pm; p < 0.01; d = 0.19). CATs were unchanged. Time‐to‐exhaustion was 32% higher with saxagliptin. The difference in time‐to‐exhaustion between placebo and saxagliptin was correlated with NPY1‐36 differences (R = 0.78, p < 0.05). Peak V̇O2 and other cardio‐respiratory values were not different, whereas peak NPY concentrations were higher with saxagliptin. DPP4 blockade improved performance, increased NPY1‐36, and decreased NPY3‐36 concentrations which may have potentiating effects on the influences of CATs. However, DPP4 is involved in many different actions, thus NPYs are one group of factors that may underly its performance‐enhancing effects; further studies are required to determine the exact mechanisms.
Large artery stiffening and mortality in a rat model of early vascular remodeling induced by intrauterine growth restriction and a high‐fat diet
Authors: Mankouski Anastasiya , Miller Thomas A. , Dodson R. Blair , Yu Baifeng , Yang Yueqin , Liu Jingtong , Machin Daniel R. , Donato Anthony J. , McKnight Robert A. , Zinkhan Erin K.
Published: December 2022

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and exposure to a high‐fat diet (HFD) independently increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hyperlipidemia. In our previous studies, IUGR increased blood pressure and promoted vascular remodeling and stiffness in early life, a finding that persisted and was augmented by a maternal HFD through postnatal day (PND) 60. The impact of these findings with aging and the development of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis remain unknown. We hypothesized that the previously noted impact of IUGR on hypertension, vascular remodeling, and hyperlipidemia would persist. Adult female rats were fed either a regular diet (RD) or high fat diet (HFD) prior to conception through lactation. IUGR was induced by uterine artery ligation. Offspring were weaned to either RD or HFD through PND 365. For both control (C) and IUGR (I) and rats, this resulted in the following six groups per sex: offspring from RD dams weaned to an RD (CRR and IRR), or offspring from HFD dams weaned to either an RD (CHR and IHR) or to an HFD (CHH and IHH). IHH male and female rats had increased large artery stiffness, a suggestion of fatty streaks in the aorta, and persistent decreased elastin and increased collagen in the aorta and carotid arteries. Post‐weaning HFD intake increased blood lipids regardless of IUGR status. IUGR increased HFD‐induced mortality. We speculate that HFD‐induced risk of CVD and mortality is potentiated by developmental programming of the ECM.
Stimulus‐dependent deliberation process in left‐ and right‐handers obtained via current source density analysis
Authors: Kolb Florian P. , Kutz Dieter F. , Werner Jana , Schönecker Sonja , Hürster Walter , Nida‐Rümelin Julian
Published: December 2022

The aim of the present study was to compare the activity patterns of young, healthy right‐ (RH, n = 25) and left‐handed (LH, n = 20) subjects in high‐density electroencephalograpic (EEG) recordings during a deliberation task. The deliberation task consisted of pressing one of two keys depending on a color‐word Stroop task (Stroop, 1935) presented on a computer screen. Depending on the color shown and the meaning of the color word, participants responded with the index finger of the dominant or non‐dominant hand. This leads to different activities in the hemispheres depending on the acting hand and on subject's handedness. Presenting the word “black” in black color, subjects were not to press any key (no‐go‐trial). Prior to this, subjects were tested for simple motor tasks, during which they were informed about the motor action to be performed. The temporal activity patterns obtained from RH and LH were very similar in shape and constituent components. The comparison of the three types of trials lead to the assumption that the deliberation process is based on a two‐step decision: The first decision was characterized by the choice between move (match‐trials, mismatch‐trials) or not to move (no‐go‐trials). The second decision resulted in the final judgment of which index finger has to be used. The latter decision, in particular, can be tracked via the local spread of activity over the scalp. Our hypothesis is based on a comparison of activities and locations of RH and LH and yields some insights about processing a two‐step decision in a deliberation task.
Blood volume and chronic kidney disease in heart failure – Can volume expansion help balance the Cardio‐Renal Axis for better clinical outcomes?
Authors: Miller Wayne L. , Fudim Marat , Mullan Brian P.
Published: December 2022

Intravascular volume is largely regulated by the kidneys but how differences in intravascular volume profiles interact with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to influence outcomes in chronic heart failure (HF) has not been explored. Our hypothesis was that a greater degree of volume expansion (VE) would moderate the impact of CKD on HF‐related clinical outcomes. Quantitative blood volume (BV) data were available in 137 patients at the time of hospital discharge using a nuclear medicine radiolabeled albumin indicator‐dilution technique. The study patients were stratified by the cohort median glomerular filtration rate (GFR, 44 ml/min/1.73 m2). An a priori cut‐point of ≥+25% above normal BV was then used to further stratify the two GFR subgroups and prospectively analyzed for 1‐year HF‐related mortality or 1st re‐hospitalization. Persistent BV expansions ≥+25% were present in 51% of the cohort. In the subgroup with GFR above the median (N = 68) greater or lesser BV expansion from +25% did not differentiate outcomes. However, in the subgroup with GFR below the median (N = 69), BV expansion‐stratified risk (log‐rank p = 0.022) with <+25% VE associated with poorer outcomes, while VE ≥ + 25% was associated with lower risk and comparable to GFR above the median. In patients with chronic HF, significant intravascular VE and CKD are common co‐existing conditions. The presence of larger VE, however, appears to be a factor mitigating the impact of declining renal function on clinical outcomes, and as an element of volume pathophysiology warrants further study.
Digital transformation and sustainability in healthcare and clinical laboratories
Authors: Fragão-Marques Mariana , Ozben Tomris
Published: December 2022

Healthcare, and in particular, clinical laboratories, are major contributors to carbon emissions and waste. Sustainability in healthcare has shifted from an environmental concern towards a holistic definition that includes balancing socio-ecological and socio-technical systems, including health services effectiveness and cost efficiency. Digital transformation can reduce waste and the cost of services by enhancing effectiveness while maintaining quality. Digital health interventions can provide personalized patient-centered care on a global scale and include decision support systems that have the potential to improve the performance and quality of healthcare. The right interfaces must be used so that the advantages of going digital are felt throughout the health system: a successful and sustainable implementation of digital innovation depends on its integration into a functional health ecosystem. Telehealth has the potential to reduce carbon emissions due to the reduced daily commute of health professionals, although research is limited. Recently, economic models have changed from the linear “take-make-dispose” to circular models based on recycling and upcycling that have the goal of keeping products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value. The previous linear models threaten human health and well-being and harm natural ecosystems.