bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air Travel with Special Reference to the Helicopter
Authors: Green F. M.
Published: June 2019

Meeting of the Society was held at the Royal Society of Arts on Thursday, March ist, 1923, Professor L. Bairstow, C.B.E., F.R.S., in the chair. The Chairman, in calling upon Major F. M. Green to read his paper on “ Air Travel, with Special Reference to the Helicopter,” said that many of those present would be able to> agree with the very critical review of the problem given by the lecturer, and it would be an advantage perhaps to the progress of aviation if the Society gave a technical opinion as to the value of the helicopter as a means of air travel.
The Static Head Turn Indicator for Aeroplanes
Authors: Darwin Horace
Published: June 2019

An instrument to indicate whether, under all conditions, the path of the aeroplane is a straight line or whether it is turning to the right or left, is much required. It is well known that when flying in a cloud or at night, and no fixed object is visible, even the most experienced pilot may, without realising it, be flying on a sharp curve. If, however, the angle of banking is great the muscular reaction of his body will have to be increased to counteract the increased force acting on it. This will tell him that his course is not straight, but there is nothing to show whether he is on a right-hand or left-hand turn. If he tries to straighten his course he is just as likely to increase the curvature as to straighten out.
Wenn ein Elternteil körperlich schwer erkrankt – Herausforderung in der ärztlichen Praxis mit Blick auf die betroffenen Kinder
Authors: Di Gallo Alain
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung. Eine ernsthafte körperliche Erkrankung eines Elternteils betrifft die ganze Familie. Kinder kranker Eltern erfahren im medizinischen System jedoch kaum Beachtung. Oft spüren sie die Not der Eltern, zeigen sich im Sinne einer Parentifizierung überangepasst und bleiben als Folge in ihren Sorgen und Ängsten gefangen. Für die effektive Unterstützung der betroffenen Kinder sind Kenntnisse über ihren Entwicklungsstand und über die Art der innerfamiliären Kommunikation notwendig. Interventionen haben das Ziel, die Eltern in ihrer Funktion zu stützen, die Kommunikation zu fördern, den Austausch von Gefühlen zu stärken und so den Kindern eine kognitive Orientierung zu erleichtern.
Licht und Schatten der Hyperurikämie: Neuroprotektion, Komorbiditäten und Therapiestrategien
Authors: Pohl Heiko , Vallelian Florence , Herfs Gregor
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung. Eine Hyperurikämie kann zu Gicht führen, aber auch das Auftreten weiterer Erkrankungen wie arterielle Hypertonie, Niereninsuffizienz, Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, Myokardinfarkte und Schlaganfälle begünstigen. Harnsäure hat jedoch nicht nur negative Folgen für den Körper, sondern scheint auch eine positive Wirkung auf bestimmte degenerative und entzündliche neurologische Erkrankungen auszuüben. Die Entzündungsreaktion, die bei einem Gichtanfall auftritt, wird durch IL-1β vermittelt. Somit können IL-1- oder IL-1-Rezeptor-Antagonisten eingesetzt werden, wenn Kolchizin, Kortikosteroide und NSAR kontraindiziert oder wirkungslos sind. Medikament der ersten Wahl zur langfristigen Senkung des Harnsäurespiegels ist Allopurinol, das auch eine positive Wirkung auf Komorbiditäten hat.
CME: Zoonosen in der Schweiz: Leptospirose CME-Fragen
Authors: Vock Isabelle , Scholz Marleen Carina , Stettler Christoph David , Shabb Duncan Wolfe , Martinez Aurélien Emmanuel
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung. Die Leptospirose ist eine weltweit häufige Zoonose, die auch in der Schweiz vorkommt. Häufig zeigt sich eine selbstlimitierende, milde Erkrankungsform. Bei einem schweren Verlauf mit Ikterus und schwerer akuter Nierenschädigung (Morbus Weil) besteht jedoch eine hohe Morbidität und Mortalität. Um die Diagnose zu stellen, ist es wichtig, die typischen Befunde zu erkennen und die entsprechende Diagnostik durchzuführen. Wir diskutieren in diesem Artikel die Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Prävention der Leptospirose und präsentieren den Fall eines 54-jährigen Patienten mit schwerer Leptospirose.
Evaluation of Regional CO2 Mole Fractions in the ECMWF CAMS Real‐Time Atmospheric Analysis and NOAA CarbonTracker Near‐Real‐Time Reanalysis With Airborne Observations From ACT‐America Field Campaigns
Authors: Chen Hans W. , Zhang Lily N. , Zhang Fuqing , Davis Kenneth J. , Lauvaux Thomas , Pal Sandip , Gaudet Brian , DiGangi Joshua P.
Published: June 2019

This study systematically examines the regional uncertainties and biases in carbon dioxide (CO2) mole fractions from two of the state‐of‐the‐art global CO2 analysis products, namely, the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) real‐time atmospheric analysis from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the CarbonTracker Near‐Real‐Time (CT‐NRT) reanalysis from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), by evaluation against hundreds of hours of airborne in situ measurements from the summer 2016 and winter 2017 Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)‐America field campaigns. Both the CAMS and CT‐NRT analyses agree reasonably well with the independent ACT‐America airborne CO2 measurements in the free troposphere, with root‐mean‐square deviations (RMSDs) between analyses and observations generally between 1 and 2 ppm but show considerably larger uncertainties in the atmospheric boundary layer where the RMSDs exceed 8 ppm in the lowermost 1 km of the troposphere in summer. There are strong variations in accuracy and bias between seasons, and across three different subregions in the United States (Mid‐Atlantic, Midwest, and South), with the largest uncertainties in the Mid‐Atlantic region in summer. Overall, the RMSDs of the CAMS and CT‐NRT analyses against airborne data are comparable to each other and largely consistent with the differences between the two analyses. The current study provides uncertainty estimates for both analysis products over North America and suggests that these two independent estimates can be used to approximate regional CO2 analysis uncertainties. Both statistics are important in future studies in quantifying the uncertainties in regional CO2 mole fraction and flux estimates.
The Impact of Coarse‐Grain Protrusion on Near‐Bed Hydrodynamics
Authors: Raus David , Moulin Frédéric Yann , Eiff Olivier
Published: June 2019

In steep rivers, sediment is often transported over immobile cobbles and boulders. Previous studies of such conditions have observed that the entrainment rate of the mobile sediment strongly depends on the level of protrusion of the immobile grains. Here experiments are conducted in a laboratory flume in order to quantify how different levels of protrusion of large aggregates above a fixed fine‐sediment bed, modeled as a patch of hemispheres, modify the local hydrodynamics near the fine‐sediment bed. Five protrusion levels defined by P=k/R= {0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%} were investigated, where k is the protrusion height and R the radius. For small protrusion (P=20%), enhanced shear stress and turbulence intensity on the fine‐sediment bed is observed as the mixing layer generated at the hemisphere top impacts the fine‐sediment bed. Moreover, sweep events generated near the top of the hemispheres reach the fine‐sediment bed. For large protrusions (P ≥ 60%), the mixing layer generated near the top of the hemispheres does not reach the fine grains with the consequence that the shear stress drops. The remaining turbulence near the fine‐sediment bed, although enhanced by the wakes generated by the hemispherical caps, is quasi‐isotropic. The transition between these two distinct near‐bed flow regimes is found to be around P=40%, corresponding to the protrusion levels observed by Grams and Wilcock, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JF002925) above which the erosion of fine sediment ceases.
Seeing the Light
Authors: Benningfield Damond
Published: June 2019

Scientists continue to use Apollo’s last experiment to probe everything from the interior of the Moon to theories of gravity.
Extreme Precipitation Expected to Increase with Warming Planet
Authors: Shultz David
Published: June 2019

A new analysis indicates that the frequency and magnitude of extreme precipitation events are expected to increase as Earth continues to warm.
Constraints on Terminus Dynamics at Greenland Glaciers From Small Glacial Earthquakes
Authors: Olsen Kira G. , Nettles Meredith
Published: June 2019

Many large calving events at Greenland's marine‐terminating glaciers generate globally detectable glacial earthquakes. We perform a cross‐correlation analysis using regional seismic data to identify events below the teleseismic detection threshold, focusing on the 24 hr surrounding known glacial earthquakes at Greenland's three largest glaciers. We detect additional seismic events in the minutes prior to more than half of the glacial earthquakes we study and following one third of them. Waveform modeling shows source mechanisms like those of previously known glacial earthquakes, a result consistent with available imagery. The seismic events thus do not represent a failure of the high subaerial ice cliff like that expected to trigger large‐scale calving and a marine ice‐cliff instability but, rather, rotational, buoyancy‐driven calving events, likely of the full glacier thickness. A limited investigation of the prevalence of smaller seismic events at times outside glacial‐earthquake windows identifies several additional events. However, we find that calving at the three glaciers we study—Jakobshavn Isbræ, Helheim Glacier, and Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier—often occurs as sequences of discrete buoyancy‐driven events in which multiple icebergs ranging in size over as much as three orders of magnitude are all lost within ∼30 min. We demonstrate a correlation between glacial‐earthquake magnitude and iceberg size for events with well‐constrained iceberg‐area estimates. Our results suggest that at least 10–30% more dynamic mass loss occurs through buoyancy‐driven calving at Greenland's glaciers than previously appreciated.
Distributary Channel Networks as Moving Boundaries: Causes and Morphodynamic Effects
Authors: Ke Wun‐Tao , Shaw John B. , Mahon Robert C. , Cathcart Christopher A.
Published: June 2019

We propose an exploratory model to describe the morphodynamics of distributary channel network growth on river deltas. The interface between deep channels and the shallow, unchannelized delta front deposits is modeled as a moving boundary. Steady flow over the unchannelized delta front is friction dominated and modeled by Laplace's equation. Shear stress along the network boundary produces nonlinear erosion rates at the interface, causing the boundary to move and network elements (channels and branches) to form. The model was run for boundary conditions resembling the Wax Lake Delta in coastal Louisiana, 20 parameterizations of sediment transport, and 3 parameterizations of discharge. In each case, the model produced a complex channel network with channel number, width, bifurcation angle, and channel shape depending on the sediment transport formula. For reasonable sediment transport parameters and gradually increasing water discharge, the model produced network characteristics and progradation rates similar to the Wax Lake Delta. This suggests that the model contains the processes responsible for network growth, despite its abstract formulation.
“Dual Disease” TgAD/GSS mice exhibit enhanced Alzheimer’s disease pathology and reveal PrPC-dependent secretion of Aβ
Authors: Qin Kefeng , Zhao Lili , Gregory Crystal , Solanki Ani , Mastrianni James A.
Published: June 2019

To address the question of cross-talk between prion protein (PrP) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we generated TgAD/GSS mice that develop amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques of AD and PrP (specifically mutated PrPA116V) plaques of Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS) and compared plaque-related features in these mice to AD mice that express normal (TgAD), high (TgAD/HuPrP), or no (TgAD/PrP−/−) PrPC. In contrast to PrPC, PrPA116V weakly co-localized to Aβ plaques, did not co-immunoprecipitate with Aβ, and poorly bound to Aβ in an ELISA-based binding assay. Despite the reduced association of PrPA116V with Aβ, TgAD/GSS and TgAD/HuPrP mice that express comparable levels of PrPA116V and PrPC respectively, displayed similar increases in Aβ plaque burden and steady state levels of Aβ and its precursor APP compared with TgAD mice. Our Tg mouse lines also revealed a predominance of intracellular Aβ plaques in mice lacking PrPC (TgAD/PrP−/−, TgAD/GSS) compared with an extracellular predominance in PrPC-expressing mice (TgAD, TgAD/HuPrP). Parallel studies in N2aAPPswe cells revealed a direct dependence on PrPC but not PrPA116V for exosome-related secretion of Aβ. Overall, our findings are two-fold; they suggest that PrP expression augments Aβ plaque production, at least in part by an indirect mechanism, perhaps by increasing steady state levels of APP, while they also provide support for a fundamental role of PrPC to bind to and deliver intraneuronal Aβ to exosomes for secretion.
Overexpression of miRNA-25-3p inhibits Notch1 signaling and TGF-β-induced collagen expression in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Genz Berit , Coleman Miranda A. , Irvine Katharine M. , Kutasovic Jamie R. , Miranda Mariska , Gratte Francis D. , Tirnitz-Parker Janina E. E. , Olynyk John. K. , Calvopina Diego A. , Weis Anna , Cloonan Nicole , Robinson Harley , Hill Michelle M. , Al-Ejeh Fares , Ramm Grant A.
Published: June 2019

During chronic liver injury hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the principal source of extracellular matrix in the fibrotic liver, transdifferentiate into pro-fibrotic myofibroblast-like cells - a process potentially regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). Recently, we found serum miRNA-25-3p (miR-25) levels were upregulated in children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) without liver disease, compared to children with CF-associated liver disease and healthy individuals. Here we examine the role of miR-25 in HSC biology. MiR-25 was detected in the human HSC cell line LX-2 and in primary murine HSCs, and increased with culture-induced activation. Transient overexpression of miR-25 inhibited TGF-β and its type 1 receptor (TGFBR1) mRNA expression, TGF-β-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and subsequent collagen1α1 induction in LX-2 cells. Pull-down experiments with biotinylated miR-25 revealed Notch signaling (co-)activators ADAM-17 and FKBP14 as miR-25 targets in HSCs. NanoString analysis confirmed miR-25 regulation of Notch- and Wnt-signaling pathways. Expression of Notch signaling pathway components and endogenous Notch1 signaling was downregulated in miR-25 overexpressing LX-2 cells, as were components of Wnt signaling such as Wnt5a. We propose that miR-25 acts as a negative feedback anti-fibrotic control during HSC activation by reducing the reactivity of HSCs to TGF-β-induced collagen expression and modulating the cross-talk between Notch, Wnt and TGF-β signaling.
Divergent age-dependent peripheral immune transcriptomic profile following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hazy Amanda , Bochicchio Lauren , Oliver Andrea , Xie Eric , Geng Shuo , Brickler Thomas , Xie Hehuang , Li Liwu , Allen Irving C. , Theus Michelle H.
Published: June 2019

The peripheral immune system is a major regulator of the pathophysiology associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). While age-at-injury influences recovery from TBI, the differential effects on the peripheral immune response remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of TBI on gene expression changes in murine whole blood using RNAseq analysis, gene ontology and network topology-based key driver analysis. Genome-wide comparison of CCI-injured peripheral whole blood showed a significant increase in genes involved in proteolysis and oxidative-reduction processes in juvenile compared to adult. Conversely, a greater number of genes, involved in migration, cytokine-mediated signaling and adhesion, were found reduced in CCI-injured juvenile compared to CCI-injured adult immune cells. Key driver analysis also identified G-protein coupled and novel pattern recognition receptor (PRR), P2RY10, as a central regulator of these genes. Lastly, we found Dectin-1, a c-type lectin PRR to be reduced at the protein level in both naïve neutrophils and on infiltrating immune cells in the CCI-injured juvenile cortex. These findings demonstrate a distinct peripheral inflammatory profile in juvenile mice, which may impact the injury and repair response to brain trauma.
Hitherto unknown eight-connected frameworks formed from A4B4O12 metal organophosphate heterocubanes
Authors: Sharma Kamna , Gupta Sandeep K. , Borah Aditya , Murugavel Ramaswamy
Published: June 2019

Hierarchy, on one's own volition! Transformation of 0-D clusters into 8-connected 3D-frameworks is an art by itself. The present work showcases how this can be achieved starting from a Zn4P4O12 heterocubanes decorated with –NH2 functionalities.
A dichlorido-bridged dinuclear Dy(iii) single-molecule magnet with an effective energy barrier larger than 600 K
Authors: Han Tian , Ding You-Song , Li Zi-Han , Yu Ke-Xin , Zhai Yuan-Qi , Chilton Nicholas F. , Zheng Yan-Zhen
Published: June 2019

A large energy barrier for magnetization reversal of about 623 K is observed in a dichlorido-bridged Dy(iii) dimer.
Detection of AAG repeats through DNA triplex-induced G-cluster formation
Authors: Lee Ha Jung , Kim Byeang Hyean
Published: June 2019

This communication describes a novel method, using DNA triplex-based fluorescent probes, for the detection of AAG repeats.
A thermo-photo hybrid process for steam reforming of methane: highly efficient visible light photocatalysis
Authors: Han Bing , Wei Wei , Li Meijia , Sun Kai , Hu Yun Hang
Published: June 2019

Steam reforming of methane (SRM) is one of the most important industrial processes, which produces 95% of hydrogen used in the USA.
Two 1D carboxylate-bridged magnets displaying solvent-dependent canted antiferromagnetic ordering
Authors: Li Zhong-Yi , Wang Wen-Jing , Wu Dong-Qing , Zhang Chi , Zhang Fu-Li , Zhai Bin , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: June 2019

Two 1D carboxylate-bridged chain complexes can be converted irreversibly from 1 to 2 and exhibit terminal solvent-dependent canted antiferromagnetic ordering with TC = 38 K.
Molecular aggregation in liquid acetic acid: insight from molecular dynamics/quantum mechanics modelling of structural and NMR properties
Authors: Lengvinaitė Dovilė , Aidas Kęstutis , Kimtys Liudvikas
Published: June 2019

Quantum mechanics/molecular dynamics approaches have been applied to unveil the anomalous upfield shift of the 1H NMR signal of acetic acid by going from low-concentration solution in cyclohexane to the neat liquid.
Facile preparation of upconversion microfibers for efficient luminescence and distributed temperature measurement
Authors: Li Hanyang , Sun Xiao , Shahzad Muhammad Khuram , Liu Lu
Published: June 2019

The distributed temperature at different positions of Er3+-doped microfibers was measured by the FIR technique.
A flexible viscoelastic coupling cable with self-adapted electrical properties and anti-impact performance toward shapeable electronic devices
Authors: Yuan Fang , Wang Sheng , Zhang Shuaishuai , Wang Yu , Xuan Shouhu , Gong Xinglong
Published: June 2019

A cable with the self-adapted electrical property and anti-impact performance was designed by combining an elastic shell and a viscous conductive string.
Delta-temperatural electronic transportation achieved in metastable perovskite rare-earth nickelate thin films
Authors: Chen Jikun , Hu Haiyang , Yajima Takeaki , Wang Jiaou , Ge Binghui , Dong Hongliang , Jiang Yong , Chen Nuofu
Published: June 2019

A delta-temperatural regulation in electronic transportation character was discovered for chemical grown rare-earth nickelates thin films, which maybe useful in locking the working temperature window for electric devices.
Phospholipases D: making sense of redundancy and duplication
Authors: Morris Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

Why have two genes when one would suffice? Evolutionary pressure means that biology, unlike government, is generally intolerant of wasted effort. Therefore, when multiple genes exist presumably they are there to provide some benefit to the organism even if that benefit is not immediately obvious to us scientists. A recent report from Raghu and colleagues (Biosci. Rep. (2018) 38, pii: BSR20181690) [1] sheds some light on one possible reason for the existence of two Phospholipases D genes in chordates when only one is present in invertebrates.
Efficacy and adverse reaction to different doses of atorvastatin in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jiang Hua , Zheng Hong
Published: June 2019

Background: Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a persistent metabolic disorder, is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency and dyslipidemia. Here, we aimed to investigate whether different doses of atorvastatin (ATV) affect rats with T2DM. A total of 110 Sprague–Dawley rats were successfully established as T2DM models. Methods: First, the total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-/low-/very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c/LDL-c/VLDL-c), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), apolipoprotein Al (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels in rat serum were analyzed. In addition, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) were also measured. Then, the incidence of adverse reactions was noted. Finally, the pathological study of liver and pancreatic tissues was performed. Results: Rats administered ATV at the doses of 40 and 80 mg/(kg·day) showed down-regulated TG, LDL-c, ApoB, CETP and RBP4 levels yet up-regulated HDL-c and ApoAl levels. Rats administered ATV at a dose of 80 mg/(kg·day) exhibited a higher incidence of adverse reactions and higher ALT and AST levels but lower BUN and Cr levels, which might affect liver and kidney function. Rats administered ATV at the doses of 40 and 80 mg/(kg·day) demonstrated significantly improved liver injury and pancreatic injury induced by T2DM. Conclusion: These data revealed that ATV could improve the lipid metabolism in T2DM rats and 40 mg/(kg·day) may serve as the optimal dose for the reduction of lipid levels and the incidence of adverse effects.
Genome survey and SSR analysis of Apocynum venetum
Authors: Li Guo-qi , Song Li-xiao , Jin Chang-qing , Li Miao , Gong Shi-pei , Wang Ya-fang
Published: June 2019

Apocynum venetum is an eco-economic plant that exhibits high stress resistance. In the present paper, we carried out a whole-genome survey of A. venetum in order to provide a foundation for its whole-genome sequencing. High-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina NovaSep) was first used to measure the genome size of A. venetum, and bioinformatics methods were employed for the evaluation of the genome size, heterozygosity ratio, repeated sequences, and GC content in order to provide a foundation for subsequent whole-genome sequencing. The sequencing analysis results indicated that the preliminary estimated genome size of A. venetum was 254.40 Mbp, and its heterozygosity ratio and percentage of repeated sequences were 0.63 and 40.87%, respectively, indicating that it has a complex genome. We used k-mer = 41 to carry out a preliminary assembly and obtained contig N50, which was 3841 bp with a total length of 223949699 bp. We carried out further assembly to obtain scaffold N50, which was 6196 bp with a total length of 227322054 bp. We performed simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker prediction based on the A. venetum genome data and identified a total of 101918 SSRs. The differences between the different types of nucleotide repeats were large, with mononucleotide repeats being most numerous and hexanucleotide repeats being least numerous. We recommend the use of the ‘2+3’ (Illumina+PacBio) sequencing combination to supplement the Hi-C technique and resequencing technique in future whole-genome research in A. venetum.
Diagnostik von Traumafolgestörungen: Was ändert sich mit
der ICD-11?
Authors: Lotzin Annett , Maurer Jennifer Louise , Köllner Volker
Published: June 2019

Am 18. Juni 2018 veröffentlichte die Weltgesundheitsorganisation die 11.
Version der „Internationalen Klassifikation psychischer Störungen“ (ICD-11).
Welche grundlegenden Neuerungen im Bereich der belastungsbezogenen
psychischen Störungen vorgenommen wurden und welche Instrumente zur
Diagnostik zur Verfügung stehen, wird in diesem Beitrag dargestellt.
Der Umgang mit der Ahnung – Vermutung von Traumatisierungen
in der Vergangenheit
Authors: Meiser-Storck Eva Maria
Published: June 2019

„Ich hab da vielleicht ein Trauma gehabt, aber ich weiß es nicht genau.“
Aufgrund des manchmal gnädigen Umgangs unseres Gehirns mit vergangenen
Traumata im Sinne des Vergessens oder aber auch aufgrund einer verzweifelten
Suche nach der Begründung des Gefühls, anders zu sein, kann diese Frage
während der Therapie auftauchen. Welcher Auftrag steckt dahinter und wie
geht man als TherapeutIn damit um?
Sprachmittlung – Einsatz von DolmetscherInnen in der
Traumatherapie von Geflüchteten
Authors: Helmboldt Luisa , Nikendei Christoph , Kindermann David
Published: June 2019

Das gesprochene Wort ist in der Psychotherapie das zentrale diagnostische und
therapeutische Mittel. Zwar besteht ein hoher psychotherapeutischer
Versorgungsbedarf bei Geflüchteten, jedoch stellen mangelnde
Sprachkenntnisse sowie fehlende Informationen über das deutsche
Gesundheitssystem erhebliche Barrieren für eine psychotherapeutische
Behandlung dar. Um eine gelingende psychosoziale Versorgung von Geflüchteten
zu gewährleisten, ist der Einsatz von DolmetscherInnen daher
unentbehrlich.
Kindheitstraumatisierte im Alter – Lebenslektionen und
Gesprächsthemen in der Psychotherapie
Authors: Thoma Myriam V. , Höltge Jan , Maercker Andreas
Published: June 2019

Traumatische Kindheitserfahrungen sind ein häufiges und globales Phänomen. Selbst
Jahrzehnte nach der Erfahrung von Kindheitstraumata können psychische Störungen
im Alter darauf zurückgeführt werden. Jedoch entwickeln nicht alle Betroffenen
eine erhöhte Vulnerabilität im weiteren Lebensverlauf. Welche Lebenslektionen
berichten Menschen, die teilweise schwere Kindheitstraumata erlebt haben und
dennoch, entgegen der Erwartung, gesund altern?
Traumafolgestörungen
Authors: Senger Katharina
Published: June 2019

Definitionen, Fakten, Relevantes – die PiD-Essentials fassen die wichtigsten
Informationen zum Thema des Heftes knapp und übersichtlich für Sie zusammen.
A comparison of the Effect of Quadriceps Taping versus Patellar Taping on Balance and Functional Performance in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Haghighi Farzaneh Moslemi , Mahbobeh Samani , Ebrahimian Maryam , Zare Mahsa , Bostanian Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2019

Backgrounds Osteoarthritis (OA) is primarily a disease of cartilage destruction. Knee OA is the most common type of arthritis which can be treated with kinesio taping (KT).

Purpose The current study was aimed to compare the effect of quadriceps muscle taping vs. patellar taping on balance and functional performance in patients with knee OA.

Patients and Methods 40 patients with knee OA aged from 40 to 65 years entered this interventional study. Eligible participants were randomly divided into 2 groups, the Quadriceps taping group, and patellar taping group. The balance was measured using the modified star excursion balance test (SEBT), functional reach test (FRT), and Berg balance scale test (BBST). Also, functional activity was evaluated using the step test. All variables measured before, immediately after and 24 hr after the intervention in both groups.

Results Within-group comparison in both groups showed that KT therapy improved modified SEBT, FRT and step test scores immediately after and 24 h after the intervention compared to baseline, and the difference was more significant 24 h after the intervention compared to immediately after the intervention. However, BBS score was not different in assessed times compared to baseline in both groups. The results of between-group analyses of variables showed no significant differences between the two groups in assessed times. Besides, repeated measure ANOVA showed that time significantly influenced modified SEBT, FRT, and step test. However, there was no group effect on assessed variables.

Conclusion Both quadriceps and patellar taping positively influenced balance and functional level of the patients with knee OA. Also, there is no superiority between these 2 methods.
Gastric foveolar-type adenomas endoscopically showing a raspberry-like appearance in the Helicobacter pylori-uninfected stomach
Authors: Shibagaki Kotaro , Fukuyama Chika , Mikami Hironobu , Izumi Daisuke , Yamashita Noritsugu , Mishiro Tsuyoshi , Oshima Naoki , Ishimura Norihisa , Sato Shuichi , Ishihara Shunji , Nagase Mamiko , Araki Asuka , Ishikawa Noriyoshi , Maruyama Riruke , Kushima Ryoji , Kinoshita Yoshikazu
Published: June 2019

Background and study aims Foveolar-type adenoma is described as a very rare tumor that occurs in individuals without Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and diagnosed as adenocarcinoma in the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma (JCGC). However, we have frequently encountered patients with foveolar-type adenoma that endoscopically resembles a hyperplastic polyp, suggesting that it has just been overlooked to date. Here, we analyzed clinicopathological characteristics of a special subtype of foveolar-type adenoma showing specific endoscopic findings.

Patients and methods From a total of 212 patients with gastric cancer resected during a 22-month period, we enrolled 14 (6.6 %) diagnosed with foveolar-type adenoma (adenocarcinoma in JCGC). HP infection status was determined by eradication history, HP serum IgG antibody level, urea breath test, and endoscopic and histological findings. All lesions were observed using white-light endoscopy and narrow-band imaging with magnification endoscopy (NBIME). Endoscopically resected lesions were histologically examined.

Results None of 14 patients had a current or past history of HP infection. All lesions were visualized on non-atrophic gastric mucosa as small reddish protrusions with fine granular surface, showing a raspberry-like appearance. NBIME showed papillary or gyrus-like microstructures with irregular capillary. Lesions were histologically diagnosed as foveolar-type adenoma showing MUC5AC-positive gastric mucin phenotype. Ki-67 was overexpressed (median labeling index 69.9 %, range 28.4 – 92.1 %), though all lesions were an intraepithelial tumor without stromal invasion. p53 over-staining was not seen in any.

Conclusions Raspberry-like lesions on non-atrophic gastric mucosa in HP-uninfected individuals should be evaluated for the possibility of a special subtype of foveolar-type adenoma.
Demenz durch Fernsehen
Authors: Spitzer Manfred
Published: June 2019

Das Fernsehen wurde als eine besondere kulturelle Aktivität beschrieben, bei der rasch wechselnde fragmentierte dichte sensorische Reize einerseits mit Passivität des Betrachters andererseits kombiniert sind. Aufgrund der genannten Charakteristika ist diese kulturelle Aktivität – wie viele andere kulturelle Aktivitäten auch – möglicherweise gesundheitsschädlicher als bisher angenommen wurde. Dies betrifft nicht nur die Kindheit und Jugend, sondern auch und gerade das höhere Alter. Ab einer täglichen Nutzungsdauer von 3,5 Stunden hat nach dem gegenwärtigen Stand der Erkenntnis das Fernsehen bei Menschen im Alter von über 50 Jahren einen ungünstigen Einfluss auf den weiteren Verlauf der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit. Der Zusammenhang ist nicht auf Bewegungsmangel oder die Verdrängung anderer gesunder Verhaltensweisen zurückzuführen und bleibt auch bei Berücksichtigung der üblichen demografischen und gesundheitlichen Variablen bestehen. Angesichts der gegenwärtigen demografischen Entwicklung wird ohnehin mit einer deutlichen Zunahme demenzieller Erkrankungen in den nächsten Jahrzehnten gerechnet, die unser Gesundheitssystem stark belasten wird. Der mit zunehmendem Alter deutlich zunehmende TV-Konsum verstärkt damit eine Entwicklung, der wir gegensteuern müssen. Es besteht daher dringender Forschungsbedarf im Hinblick auf unseren „alltäglichen“ und zugleich gesundheitsschädlichen Bildschirmmedienkonsum.
„Die Haut mag es sauer und nicht übermäßig hygienisch“
Authors: Niklas Anke
Published: June 2019

Wasser ist für die Hygiene meist völlig ausreichend. Nicht selten verschwinden Hautsymptome wie Ekzeme allein dadurch – Ein Gespräch mit der Hautärztin Yael Adler
Kopfschmerz News der DMKG
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth
Published: June 2019

Die COMPEL-Studie ist eine offene Langzeitstudie, die den Effekt von 155 U Onabotulinumtoxin bei Patienten mit chronischer Migräne mit und ohne tägliche Kopfschmerzen über 9 Behandlungszyklen untersucht hat. Die Publikation stellt die Ergebnisse der Subgruppenanalyse täglicher Kopfschmerz (n = 138) vs. nicht täglicher Kopfschmerz (n = 503) vor. Primärer Zielparameter war der Rückgang der Kopfschmerztage über ein Intervall von jeweils 28 Tagen nach 9 Behandlungszyklen im Vergleich Baseline. Die Studie wurde von 43,5 % derer mit täglichen Kopfschmerzen und von 55,1 % derer ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz beendet. In beiden Subgruppen (mit/ohne tägl. Kopfschmerz) kam es in Woche 24 (–5,7/-8,8 Tage), 60 (–8,3/-10,9) und 108 (–10,5/-12,2) zu einem signifikanten und im Verlauf zunehmenden Rückgang der Kopfschmerztage pro Monat, wobei der Rückgang bei der Gruppe mit täglichen Kopfschmerzen regelhaft etwas geringer war. Statistisch bestand bei Woche 108 kein signifikanter Unterschied mehr zwischen den 2 Subgruppen. Zudem nahmen die Tage mit mäßigen bzw. schweren Kopfschmerzen in beiden Gruppen ab: Woche 108 mit/ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz –11,5/-9,9 Tage pro Monat. Die Belastung durch Kopfschmerzen gemessen mit MIDAS und HIT-6-Score reduzierte sich ebenfalls in beiden Gruppen signifikant und es wurde in beiden Gruppen eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität mit dem MSQ nachgewiesen. Unerwünschte Ereignisse traten in beiden Gruppen auf (mit/ohne täglichen Kopfschmerz 71,7/58,9 %). Dies führte bei 7,2/3,4 % zum Abbruch der Studie. Die bekannten substanztypischen Nebenwirkungen (z. B. Ptosis, Nackenschmerzen) traten in beiden Gruppen etwa gleich häufig auf.
A case of mixed-type early gastric cancer with recurrence following curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for expanded indication
Authors: Kobayashi Shunsuke , Nonaka Satoru , Oda Ichiro , Abe Seiichiro , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yoshinaga Shigetaka , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Sekine Shigeki , Igarashi Yoshinori , Saito Yutaka
Published: June 2019

Background and study aims In Japan, intramucosal gastric adenocarcinoma with ulcerative finding having a predominantly differentiated type with an undifferentiated component, tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm, and no lymphovascular invasion is included in the expanded pathological criteria for curative endoscopic treatment. This indication is based on retrospective examination of surgical resection cases, and is determined to have a negligible risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). We performed endoscopic submucosal dissection on a 78-year-old man with early gastric cancer in 2011, and pathology revealed a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma (21 × 10 mm in diameter), with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma components, limited to the mucosa, fibrosis by ulcer scar in the submucosal layer, no lymphovascular invasion, and tumor-free margins. Resection was determined to be curative under expanded indications of the gastric cancer treatment guidelines, 4th edition. However, 55 months after the initial diagnosis, invasive local and distant recurrence was noted. Ultimately, the patient died of gastric cancer 3 months after recurrence.
Bei Ekzemen auch in den Darm schauen
Authors: Ellwanger Thomas
Published: June 2019

Eine junge Patientin klagt über Neurodermitis. Die Ursache reicht bis in den Darm. Eine Stuhlanalyse weist auf eine gestörte Darmmikrobiota und ein Leaky Gut hin. Die Therapie mit Autovaccinen, Prä- und Probiotika sowie eine temporäre Ernährungsumstellung brachten die Darmflora und dadurch auch das Hautbild wieder ins Gleichgewicht.
Catalytic Asymmetric Intramolecular Bromolactonization of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Liu Shenghui , He Hailong , Gan Min , Yi Peng , Jiang Xiaojian
Published: June 2019

Enantioselective bromolactonization by using an amino-urea catalyst to generate the important bromo-containing 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins is described. Excellent yields and good enantioselectivities could be achieved for various 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin compounds.
Evaluation of Brachial Plexus Using Combined Stereological Techniques of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tracking
Authors: Acer Niyazi , Turgut Mehmet
Published: June 2019

Background Brachial plexus (BP) is composed of intercommunications among the ventral roots of the nerves C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 in the neck. The in vivo and in vitro evaluation of axons of the peripheral nervous system is performed using different techniques. Recently, many studies describing the application of fiber tractography and stereological axon number estimation to peripheral nerves have been published.

Methods Various quantitative parameters of nerve fibers, including axon number, density, axonal area, and myelin thickness, can be estimated using stereological techniques. In vivo three-dimensional reconstruction of axons of BP can be visualized using a combined technique of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber tracking with the potential to evaluate nerve fiber content.

Conclusion It is concluded that terminal branches of BP can be successfully visualized using DTI, which is a highly reproducible method for the evaluation of BP as it shows anatomical and functional features of neural structures. We believe that quantitative morphological findings obtained from BP will be useful for new experimental, developmental, and pathological studies in the future.
Diode Laser and Fractional Laser Innovations
Authors: Archer Kaete A. , Carniol Paul
Published: June 2019

Laser technology continues to increase in popularity and expand treatment options for patients with common but challenging skin conditions including facial telangiectasias, facial aging, striae distensae, and acne scars. Facial telangiectasias have been estimated to occur in tens of millions of people worldwide. The 585-nm laser was the first to follow the principle of selective photothermolysis for the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions, but it caused significant postoperative purpura. Newer diode lasers target superficial and deep telangiectasias without the side effects of the 585-nm laser. Ablative resurfacing was introduced in the 1990s with the carbon dioxide laser to address facial rhytids and photoaging. While effective, the risks and downtime were significant. The newest fractionated nonablative lasers are demonstrating impressive results, with decreased risks and downtime. This new generation of lasers is being used extensively and in unique combinations for facial aging, striae, and acne scars.
Congenital Cyanotic Cardiac Surgery in Children: Is Algorithm-Based Point-of-Care Testing Essential to Prevent Bleeding?
Authors: Bhardwaj Vandana , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Karanjkar Ameya Anand , Chowdhury Ujjwal Kumar , Hote Milind Padmakar , Rajashekhar Palleti
Published: June 2019

Background Patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) have multifactorial hematologic abnormalities. In continuation of our previous study titled “Coagulopathies in Cyanotic Cardiac Patients: An Analysis with Three Point-of-Care Testing Devices (Thromboelastography, Rotational Thromboelastometry, and Sonoclot Analyzer),” we extended this prospective observational study to a larger cohort to reconfirmed the need to do a point-of-care (POC) test in bleeding cyanotic children. We formulated an algorithm. We conducted this study now by comparing three different POC parameters in an algorithm-based manner and deciphering the best parameter from an algorithm-based and the best parameter POC from an algorithm-based perspective. We conducted this study to compare three different viscoelastic POC tests: thromboelastography (TEG), rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), and Sonoclot analyzer to predict thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia in cyanotic cardiac surgery patients.

Material and Methods A total of 105 patients of either sex, who were scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery for CCHD on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were enrolled after obtaining written and informed consent. Blood samples for TEG, ROTEM, Sonoclot, and standard laboratory coagulation tests were collected after induction of anesthesia (T1) and 30 minutes after protamine reversal (T2).

Results We observed significant correlations between POC parameters, platelet count, and serum fibrinogen levels. Area under the curve (AUC, 0.90) of ROTEM FIBTEM-A10 was found to be superior in detecting hypofibrinogenemia (serum fibrinogen < 200 mg/dL). AUC of TEG α angle (AUC 0.79), TEG MA (AUC 0.77) and Sonoclot CR (AUC 0.73) were comparable. Sonoclot PF was found to have highest AUC (0.95) to detect thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/μL). ROTEM FIBTEM-A10 at cutoff value ≤ 7.5 mm had highest sensitivity (87.2%) and specificity (80.3%) to detect hypofibrinogenemia. Sonoclot PF at cutoff value ≤ 0.95 had highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (83.7%) to detect thrombocytopenia. We formulated a POC algorithm based on cutoff value derived from ROC curves.

Conclusion In conclusion, although all three viscoelastic POC devices (TEG, ROTEM, and Sonoclot) can be used to detect hypofibrinogenemia and thrombocytopenia, it was reaffirmed on a larger subset of patients that ROTEM FIBTEM has highest diagnostic accuracy for hypofibrinogenemia, whereas Sonoclot PF has highest diagnostic value for thrombocytopenia in CCHD surgical patients.
Fatal Course of Abdominal Neonatal Intestinal Fibrosarcoma
Authors: Boutillier Béatrice , Cardoen Liesbeth , Alison Marianne , Berrebi Dominique , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Virlouvet Anne-Laure , Michon Jean , Soudée Sophie , Bonnard Arnaud
Published: June 2019

Infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) is a rare nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue tumor and accounts for less than 1% of childhood cancers. Forty per cent are present at birth and only 10% of IFS occurs in the abdomen. Our case of neonatal fibrosarcoma presented as a distal small bowel stenosis complicated with meconium peritonitis. The diagnosis was by histology of the surgical resection. The diagnosis of IFS is challenging as there are no specific features of IFS on imaging. Any unexpected solid lesion should raise the suspicion of complicated bowel tumoral lesion. If a neoplastic lesion is suspected extensive, surgery may be postponed until the final diagnosis is made.
Ausgliederung der pflegepersonalkosten aus dem DRG-System: Minimal und Maximal
Authors: Bornemeier Olaf
Published: June 2019

Die mit der Einführung der DRGs verbundene politische Zielsetzung war klar: DRGs erzwingen effiziente Abläufe und Strukturen und bilden so die Basis für einzel- und gesamtwirtschaftliche Kostensenkungen durch Produktivitätswachstum. Die Qualität der Leistungserbringung soll dabei durch Mindestmengen und eine transparente Qualitätsberichterstattung aufrecht erhalten werden.
Patientenverfügung: Alles klar?
Authors: Rybak Christian
Published: June 2019

Fragen der ärztlichen Aufklärung und der Einwilligung des Patienten sind oft von Missverständnissen und von Unsicherheiten begleitet. Dabei kommt dem Selbstbestimmungsrecht des Patienten entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Problematisch wird es dann, wenn ein Patient seinen Willen im akuten Behandlungsfall gar nicht mehr äußern kann.
Demenzsensible Versorgung: Vorreiter in der Versorgung Demenzkranker
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: June 2019

Kerstin Wittmann ist Pflegedirektorin am Klinikum St. Marien im oberpfälzischen Amberg. Sie hat ein Konzept speziell für demenzkranke Patienten im Akutkrankenhaus initiiert, um den Bedürfnissen dieser Patientengruppe im Krankenhaus gerecht zu werden.
IT-Sicherheitsgesetz: So geht die KRITISche Reise weiter
Authors: Klagge Torben
Published: June 2019

Die „KRITIS“-Verordnung steht bei Kliniken seit längerem auf der Agenda. Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Projekten in mehreren Uni-Kliniken, städtischen Krankenhäusern sowie Klinikverbünden zeigt, welche Stolpersteine bei der Umsetzung warten und welche Lücken bei Audits deutlich werden.
Krankenhaus 4.0: Auf dem Weg zum Krankenhaus der Zukunft
Authors: Hintze Marcus , Wibbeling Sebastian
Published: June 2019

Entscheider im Gesundheits- und Krankenhauswesen beschäftigen sich seit einigen Jahren mit der steigenden Digitalisierung und Autonomisierung in Krankenhäusern. Das Fraunhofer-Institut für Materialfluss und Logistik IML gibt einen Überblick über den derzeitigen Entwicklungsstand und stellt konkrete Beispiele der Optimierung von Krankenhausprozessen im Sinne des Krankenhaus 4.0 vor.
Cybersicherheit Vernetzter Medizinprodukte: Neue Herausforderungen
Authors: Bursig Hans-Peter
Published: June 2019

Medizintechnische Geräte und Anlagen in Krankenhäusern sind vielfach in IT-Netzwerke eingebunden. Viele Geräte sind außerdem permanent online. Unter diesen Voraussetzungen stellt Cybersicherheit im Krankenhaus eine komplexe Anforderung dar, die nicht auf die Ebene des einzelnen Medizinprodukts beschränkt ist, sondern vielmehr für das gesamte Krankenhaus-IT-Netz gelöst werden muss.
Roboter im Krankenhaus: Spezialisierte Helfer
Authors: Graf Birgit , Stallkamp Jan
Published: June 2019

Roboter unterstützen zunehmend auch in Krankenhäusern. Die Systeme sind keine Alleskönner, wohl aber passgenaue Lösungen, die Dienstleistungen übernehmen, das Personal auf der Station sowie bei Operationen unterstützen oder die Interaktion mit Patienten und Besuchern verbessern.
Krankenhaustechnik 4.0: „Jetzt die tief hängenden Früchte ernten“
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: June 2019

Cord Brüning, Präsident der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Krankenhaustechnik e.V., erklärt im Gespräch, worauf es bei der Krankenhaustechnik 4.0 ankommt.
DB Medibus: Mit der Arztpraxis auf vier Rädern gegen den Landarztmangel
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: June 2019

Seit Mitte 2018 rollt in Nordhessen der Medibus der Deutschen Bahn durch sechs Gemeinden – mit einem Allgemeinmediziner an Bord. Dieses Modellprojekt kann eventuell als Blaupause für die anderen Kassenärztlichen Vereinigungen (KV) dienen.
Spintronic terahertz-frequency nonlinear emitter based on the canted antiferromagnet-platinum bilayers
Authors: Stremoukhov P. , Safin A. , Logunov M. , Nikitov S. , Kirilyuk A.
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we propose an approximate nonlinear theory of a spintronic terahertz-frequency emitter based on canted antiferromagnet-platinum bilayers. We present a model accounting for the excitation of nonlinear oscillations of the Néel vector in an antiferromagnet using terahertz pulses of an electromagnetic field. We determine that, with increasing amplitude of the pumping pulse, the spin system’s response increases nonlinearly in the fundamental quasiantiferromagnetic mode. We demonstrate control of the Néel vector trajectory by changing the terahertz pulse peak amplitude and frequency and determine the bands of nonlinear excitation using Fourier spectra. Finally, we develop an averaging method which gives the envelope function of an oscillating output electromagnetic field. The nonlinear dynamics of the antiferromagnet-based emitters discussed here is of importance in terahertz-frequency spintronic technologies.
Specular reflection leads to maximum reduction in cross-plane thermal conductivity
Authors: Maldovan Martin
Published: June 2019

In contrast to established work that uses diffuse surface scattering as the mechanism to lower the in-plane thermal conductivities, we show that the largest reduction of heat conduction in thin films is achieved via specular scattering under cross-plane heat transport. Our results create a new perspective for heat conduction manipulation since smooth surfaces—in contrast to rough surfaces—are shown to be more effective in suppressing thin film heat conduction.