bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Herzpatienten und Höhenexposition
Authors: Vontobel Jan
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung. Herzpatientinnen und -patienten sollten bezüglich ihrer Toleranz gegenüber Höhe individuell beraten werden. Dabei sollte der historische Reflex, dass Höhe für Herzpatientinnen und -patienten per se schlecht sei, der Vergangenheit angehören. Adäquat behandelte und stabile Patientinnen und Patienten können meistens ohne jegliche Einschränkung bis in 2500 m Höhe gehen. Höhere Höhenlagen sind bei einer Vielzahl der Betroffenen ebenfalls möglich, bedürfen aber ggf. einer Anpassung der Medikation und weiterführender Abklärungen. Dies insbesondere, wenn in der grossen Höhe auch eine körperliche Leistung erbracht werden soll.
Identification of therapeutic targets of the hijacked super-enhancer complex in EVI1-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Kiehlmeier Sandra , Rafiee Mahmoud-Reza , Bakr Ali , Mika Jagoda , Kruse Sabrina , Müller Judith , Schweiggert Sabrina , Herrmann Carl , Sigismondo Gianluca , Schmezer Peter , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Gröschel Stefan
Published: April 2021

Deregulation of the EVI1 proto-oncogene by the GATA2 distal hematopoietic enhancer (G2DHE) is a key event in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia carrying 3q21q26 aberrations (3q-AML). Upon chromosomal rearrangement, G2DHE acquires characteristics of a super-enhancer and causes overexpression of EVI1 at 3q26.2. However, the transcription factor (TF) complex of G2DHE remains poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to unravel key components of G2DHE-bound TFs involved in the deregulation of EVI1. We have identified several CEBPA and RUNX1 binding sites to be enriched and critical for G2DHE function in 3q-AML cells. Using ChIP-SICAP (ChIP followed by selective isolation of chromatin-associated proteins), a panel of chromatin interactors of RUNX1 and CEBPA were detected in 3q-AML, including PARP1 and IKZF1. PARP1 inhibition (PARPi) caused a reduction of EVI1 expression and a decrease in EVI1–G2DHE interaction frequency, highlighting the involvement of PARP1 in oncogenic super-enhancer formation. Furthermore, 3q-AML cells were highly sensitive to PARPi and displayed morphological changes with higher rates of differentiation and apoptosis as well as depletion of CD34 + cells. In summary, integrative analysis of the 3q-AML super-enhancer complex identified CEBPA and RUNX1 associated proteins and nominated PARP1 as a potential new therapeutic target in EVI1 + 3q-AML.
Non-linear self-driven spectral tuning of Extreme Ultraviolet Femtosecond Pulses in monoatomic materials
Authors: Ferrante Carino , Principi Emiliano , Marini Andrea , Batignani Giovanni , Fumero Giuseppe , Virga Alessandra , Foglia Laura , Mincigrucci Riccardo , Simoncig Alberto , Spezzani Carlo , Masciovecchio Claudio , Scopigno Tullio
Published: April 2021

Self-action nonlinearity is a key aspect – either as a foundational element or a detrimental factor – of several optical spectroscopies and photonic devices. Supercontinuum generation, wavelength converters, and chirped pulse amplification are just a few examples. The recent advent of Free Electron Lasers (FEL) fostered building on nonlinearity to propose new concepts and extend optical wavelengths paradigms for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray regimes. No evidence for intrapulse dynamics, however, has been reported at such short wavelengths, where the light-matter interactions are ruled by the sharp absorption edges of core electrons. Here, we provide experimental evidence for self-phase modulation of femtosecond FEL pulses, which we exploit for fine self-driven spectral tunability by interaction with sub-micrometric foils of selected monoatomic materials. Moving the pulse wavelength across the absorption edge, the spectral profile changes from a non-linear spectral blue-shift to a red-shifted broadening. These findings are rationalized accounting for ultrafast ionization and delayed thermal response of highly excited electrons above and below threshold, respectively.
Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 signaling links cognitive impairments and peripheral metabolic alterations in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lyra e Silva Natalia M. , Gonçalves Rafaella A. , Pascoal Tharick A. , Lima-Filho Ricardo A. S. , Resende Elisa de Paula França , Vieira Erica L. M. , Teixeira Antonio L. , de Souza Leonardo C. , Peny Julyanna A. , Fortuna Juliana T. S. , Furigo Isadora C. , Hashiguchi Debora , Miya-Coreixas Vivian S. , Clarke Julia R. , Abisambra Jose F. , Longo Beatriz M. , Donato Jose , Fraser Paul E. , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Caramelli Paulo , Ferreira Sergio T. , De Felice Fernanda G.
Published: April 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with memory impairment and altered peripheral metabolism. Mounting evidence indicates that abnormal signaling in a brain-periphery metabolic axis plays a role in AD pathophysiology. The activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in the brain, including the interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway, comprises a potential point of convergence between memory dysfunction and metabolic alterations in AD that remains to be better explored. Using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we observed signs of probable inflammation in the hypothalamus and in the hippocampus of AD patients when compared to cognitively healthy control subjects. Pathological examination of post-mortem AD hypothalamus revealed the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau and tangle-like structures, as well as parenchymal and vascular amyloid deposits surrounded by astrocytes. T2 hyperintensities on MRI positively correlated with plasma IL-6, and both correlated inversely with cognitive performance and hypothalamic/hippocampal volumes in AD patients. Increased IL-6 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) were observed in post-mortem AD brains. Moreover, activation of the IL-6 pathway was observed in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of AD mice. Neutralization of IL-6 and inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in the brains of AD mouse models alleviated memory impairment and peripheral glucose intolerance, and normalized plasma IL-6 levels. Collectively, these results point to IL-6 as a link between cognitive impairment and peripheral metabolic alterations in AD. Targeting pro-inflammatory IL-6 signaling may be a strategy to alleviate memory impairment and metabolic alterations in the disease.
Reductive evolution and unique predatory mode in the CPR bacterium Vampirococcus lugosii
Authors: Moreira David , Zivanovic Yvan , López-Archilla Ana I. , Iniesto Miguel , López-García Purificación
Published: April 2021

The Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) constitutes a large group of mostly uncultured bacterial lineages with small cell sizes and limited biosynthetic capabilities. They are thought to be symbionts of other organisms, but the nature of this symbiosis has been ascertained only for cultured Saccharibacteria, which are epibiotic parasites of other bacteria. Here, we study the biology and the genome of Vampirococcus lugosii, which becomes the first described species of Vampirococcus, a genus of epibiotic bacteria morphologically identified decades ago. Vampirococcus belongs to the CPR phylum Absconditabacteria. It feeds on anoxygenic photosynthetic gammaproteobacteria, fully absorbing their cytoplasmic content. The cells divide epibiotically, forming multicellular stalks whose apical cells can reach new hosts. The genome is small (1.3 Mbp) and highly reduced in biosynthetic metabolism genes, but is enriched in genes possibly related to a fibrous cell surface likely involved in interactions with the host. Gene loss has been continuous during the evolution of Absconditabacteria, and generally most CPR bacteria, but this has been compensated by gene acquisition by horizontal gene transfer and de novo evolution. Our findings support parasitism as a widespread lifestyle of CPR bacteria, which probably contribute to the control of bacterial populations in diverse ecosystems.
3D-printed self-healing hydrogels via Digital Light Processing
Authors: Caprioli Matteo , Roppolo Ignazio , Chiappone Annalisa , Larush Liraz , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Magdassi Shlomo
Published: April 2021

Self-healing hydrogels may mimic the behavior of living tissues, which can autonomously repair minor damages, and therefore have a high potential for application in biomedicine. So far, such hydrogels have been processed only via extrusion-based additive manufacturing technology, limited in freedom of design and resolution. Herein, we present 3D-printed hydrogel with self-healing ability, fabricated using only commercially available materials and a commercial Digital Light Processing printer. These hydrogels are based on a semi-interpenetrated polymeric network, enabling self-repair of the printed objects. The autonomous restoration occurs rapidly, at room temperature, and without any external trigger. After rejoining, the samples can withstand deformation and recovered 72% of their initial strength after 12 hours. The proposed approach enables 3D printing of self-healing hydrogels objects with complex architecture, paving the way for future applications in diverse fields, ranging from soft robotics to energy storage.
Dynamics of collective action to conserve a large common-pool resource
Authors: Andersson David , Bratsberg Sigrid , Ringsmuth Andrew K. , de Wijn Astrid S.
Published: April 2021

A pressing challenge for coming decades is sustainable and just management of large-scale common-pool resources including the atmosphere, biodiversity and public services. This poses a difficult collective action problem because such resources may not show signs that usage restraint is needed until tragedy is almost inevitable. To solve this problem, a sufficient level of cooperation with a pro-conservation behavioural norm must be achieved, within the prevailing sociopolitical environment, in time for the action taken to be effective. Here we investigate the transient dynamics of behavioural change in an agent-based model on structured networks that are also exposed to a global external influence. We find that polarisation emerges naturally, even without bounded confidence, but that for rationally motivated agents, it is temporary. The speed of convergence to a final consensus is controlled by the rate at which the polarised clusters are dissolved. This depends strongly on the combination of external influences and the network topology. Both high connectivity and a favourable environment are needed to rapidly obtain final consensus.
COSMAS: a lightweight toolbox for cardiac optical mapping analysis
Authors: Tomek Jakub , Wang Zhinuo Jenny , Burton Rebecca-Ann Beatrice , Herring Neil , Bub Gil
Published: April 2021

Optical mapping is widely used in experimental cardiology, as it allows visualization of cardiac membrane potential and calcium transients. However, optical mapping measurements from a single heart or cell culture can produce several gigabytes of data, warranting automated computer analysis. Here we present COSMAS, a software toolkit for automated analysis of optical mapping recordings in cardiac preparations. COSMAS generates activation and conduction velocity maps, as well as visualizations of action potential and calcium transient duration, S1-S2 protocol analysis, and alternans mapping. The software is built around our recent ‘comb’ algorithm for segmentation of action potentials and calcium transients, offering excellent performance and high resistance to noise. A core feature of our software is that it is based on scripting as opposed to relying on a graphical user interface for user input. The central role of scripts in the analysis pipeline enables batch processing and promotes reproducibility and transparency in the interpretation of large cardiac data sets. Finally, the code is designed to be easily extended, allowing researchers to add functionality if needed. COSMAS is provided in two languages, Matlab and Python, and is distributed with a user guide and sample scripts, so that accessibility to researchers is maximized.
Resilience of vernacular and modernising dwellings in three climatic zones to climate change
Authors: Henna Khadeeja , Saifudeen Aysha , Mani Monto
Published: April 2021

Climate change impacts buildings in multiple ways, including extreme weather events and thermal stresses. Rural India comprising 65% of the population is characterised by vernacular dwellings evolved over time to passively regulate and maintain comfortable indoors. Increasing modernization in rural habitations (transitions) evident from the ingress of modern materials and electro-mechanical appliances undermines the ability of building envelopes to passively regulate and maintain comfortable indoors. While such trends are deemed good for the economy, their underlying implications in terms of climate change have not been adequately examined. The current study evaluates the climate-resilience of vernacular dwellings and those undergoing transitions in response to three climate-change scenarios, viz, A1B (rapid economic growth fuelled by balanced use of energy sources), A2 (regionally sensitive economic development) and B1 (structured economic growth and adoption of clean and resource efficient technologies). The study examines dwellings characteristic to three rural settlements representing three major climate zones in India and involves both real-time monitoring and simulation-based investigation. The study is novel in investigating the impact of climate change on indoor thermal comfort in rural dwellings, adopting vernacular and modern materials. The study revealed higher resilience of vernacular dwellings in response to climate change.
Seasonal prevalence and characteristics of low-dose CT detected lung nodules in a general Dutch population
Authors: Lancaster Harriet L. , Heuvelmans Marjolein A. , Pelgrim Gert Jan , Rook Mieneke , Kok Marius G. J. , Aown Ahmed , de Bock Geertruida H. , van den Berge Maarten , Groen Harry J. M. , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn
Published: April 2021

We investigated whether presence and characteristics of lung nodules in the general population using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) varied by season. Imaging in Lifelines (ImaLife) study participants who underwent chest LDCT-scanning between October 2018 and October 2019 were included in this sub-study. Hay fever season (summer) was defined as 1st April to 30th September and Influenza season (winter) as 1st October to 31st March. All lung nodules with volume of ≥ 30 mm3 (approximately 3 mm in diameter) were registered. In total, 2496 lung nodules were found in 1312 (38%) of the 3456 included participants (nodules per participant ranging from 1 to 21, median 1). In summer, 711 (54%) participants had 1 or more lung nodule(s) compared to 601 (46%) participants in winter (p = 0.002). Of the spherical, perifissural and left-upper-lobe nodules, relatively more were detected in winter, whereas of the polygonal-, irregular-shaped and centrally-calcified nodules, relatively more were detected in summer. Various seasonal diseases with inflammation as underlying pathophysiology may influence presence and characteristics of lung nodules. Further investigation into underlying pathophysiology using short-term LDCT follow-up could help optimize the management strategy for CT-detected lung nodules in clinical practice.
Genomic characterization and computational phenotyping of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from Colombian sugarcane fields
Authors: Medina-Cordoba Luz K. , Chande Aroon T. , Rishishwar Lavanya , Mayer Leonard W. , Valderrama-Aguirre Lina C. , Valderrama-Aguirre Augusto , Gaby John Christian , Kostka Joel E. , Jordan I. King
Published: April 2021

Previous studies have shown the sugarcane microbiome harbors diverse plant growth promoting microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria (diazotrophs), which can serve as biofertilizers. The genomes of 22 diazotrophs from Colombian sugarcane fields were sequenced to investigate potential biofertilizers. A genome-enabled computational phenotyping approach was developed to prioritize sugarcane associated diazotrophs according to their potential as biofertilizers. This method selects isolates that have potential for nitrogen fixation and other plant growth promoting (PGP) phenotypes while showing low risk for virulence and antibiotic resistance. Intact nitrogenase (nif) genes and operons were found in 18 of the isolates. Isolates also encode phosphate solubilization and siderophore production operons, and other PGP genes. The majority of sugarcane isolates showed uniformly low predicted virulence and antibiotic resistance compared to clinical isolates. Six strains with the highest overall genotype scores were experimentally evaluated for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and the production of siderophores, gibberellic acid, and indole acetic acid. Results from the biochemical assays were consistent and validated computational phenotype predictions. A genotypic and phenotypic threshold was observed that separated strains by their potential for PGP versus predicted pathogenicity. Our results indicate that computational phenotyping is a promising tool for the assessment of bacteria detected in agricultural ecosystems.
Metabolic changes in pomegranate fruit skin following cold storage promote chilling injury of the peel
Authors: Baghel Ravi Singh , Keren-Keiserman Alexandra , Ginzberg Idit
Published: April 2021

Pomegranate cv. ‘Wonderful’ fruit are susceptible to chilling injuries of the peel (CIp) when stored at 7 °C in modified-atmosphere bags for more than 3 months. The damage, manifested as superficial browning, is restricted to the fruit skin, i.e., the outer colored layer of the peel. To characterize possible causes of CIp development, fruit were collected at early harvest—when the premature fruit are poorly colored and susceptible to CIp development, and at late harvest—when mature fruit have fully red skin and less susceptibility to CIp. Skin samples were collected on day of harvest and at different time points during storage. Anatomical study of skin with CIp disorder showed a broken cuticle layer with underlying degenerated cells. A high total phenol content, which is associated with high antioxidant capacity, was not sufficient to prevent the development of CIp in the premature fruit. The concentration of punicalagin was the same for premature and mature skin at harvest and during storage, and therefore not associated with CIp development in the premature fruit skin. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidant-related genes CAT2, SOD and GR2 was similar for both premature and mature fruit skin. Poor pigmentation of the premature fruit skin and chilling-induced downregulation of key anthocyanin-biosynthesis genes were associated with CIp development. High total phenol concentration combined with high expression of the gene encoding PPO was also associated with CIp; however, high expression ratio of PAL to PPO was found in mature skin, and may be associated with reduced CIp disorder. The results presented suggest future possibilities for controlling the CIp phenomenon.
Removal of metal ions from water using oxygen plasma
Authors: Khanom Sayma , Hayashi Nobuya
Published: April 2021

Zinc ion dissolved in water is attempted to be removed by generating the oxides of zinc using the oxygen gas in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system. The removal rate of zinc oxides’ production (ZnO and Zn(OH)2) are measured at different treatment periods by the oxygen plasma penetration in water. The removal rate of the deposit increases initially and then decreases with the treatment period. The maximum removal rate (29%) of zinc ion from water is achieved at the treatment period of 10 min, where pH is lower (7.4). From FTIR the generation properties of zinc oxide can be recognized. Initially the amount of the deposit increases with the ozone treatment period due to production of both ZnO and Zn(OH)2. After that, the production of Zn(OH)42-increases even when the total removal rate of the deposit decreases. Therefore, to remove zinc ion from water forming metal oxide deposit, the penetration amount of the active oxygens to the water must be controlled to keep the pH lower than around 7.5. Because with increasing pH amount of removal rate of zinc oxides’ deposit decreases. The pH of the zinc dissolved water treated by ozone depends on both zinc ion and ozone concentration in water.
A double-layer hydrogel based on alginate-carboxymethyl cellulose and synthetic polymer as sustained drug delivery system
Authors: Hu Yan , Hu Sheng , Zhang Shangwen , Dong Siyi , Hu Jie , Kang Li , Yang Xinzhou
Published: April 2021

A new double-layer, pH-sensitive, composite hydrogel sustained-release system based on polysaccharides and synthetic polymers with combined functions of different inner/outer hydrogels was prepared. The polysaccharides inner core based on sodium alginate (SA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), was formed by physical crosslinking with pH-sensitive property. The synthetic polymer out-layer with enhanced stability was introduced by chemical crosslinking to eliminate the expansion of inner core and the diffusion of inner content. The physicochemical structure of the double-layer hydrogels was characterized. The drug-release results demonstrated that the sustained-release effect of the hydrogels for different model drugs could be regulated by changing the composition or thickness of the hydrogel layer. The significant sustained-release effect for BSA and indomethacin indicated that the bilayer hydrogel can be developed into a novel sustained delivery system for bioactive substance or drugs with potential applications in drugs and functional foods.
PKR activity modulation by phosphomimetic mutations of serine residues located three aminoacids upstream of double-stranded RNA binding motifs
Authors: Cesaro Teresa , Hayashi Yohei , Borghese Fabian , Vertommen Didier , Wavreil Fanny , Michiels Thomas
Published: April 2021

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2), better known as PKR, plays a key role in the response to viral infections and cellular homeostasis by regulating mRNA translation. Upon binding dsRNA, PKR is activated through homodimerization and subsequent autophosphorylation on residues Thr446 and Thr451. In this study, we identified a novel PKR phosphorylation site, Ser6, located 3 amino acids upstream of the first double-stranded RNA binding motif (DRBM1). Another Ser residue occurs in PKR at position 97, the very same position relative to the DRBM2. Ser or Thr residues also occur 3 amino acids upstream DRBMs of other proteins such as ADAR1 or DICER. Phosphoinhibiting mutations (Ser-to-Ala) introduced at Ser6 and Ser97 spontaneously activated PKR. In contrast, phosphomimetic mutations (Ser-to-Asp) inhibited PKR activation following either poly (I:C) transfection or virus infection. These mutations moderately affected dsRNA binding or dimerization, suggesting a model where negative charges occurring at position 6 and 97 tighten the interaction of DRBMs with the kinase domain, thus keeping PKR in an inactive closed conformation even in the presence of dsRNA. This study provides new insights on PKR regulation mechanisms and identifies Ser6 and Ser97 as potential targets to modulate PKR activity for therapeutic purposes.
Massive seafloor mounds depict potential for seafloor mineral deposits in the Great South Basin (GSB) offshore New Zealand
Authors: Olakunle Omosanya Kamaldeen , Ajibola Lawal Muhedeen , Muhammad Iqbal H. , Makovsky Yizhaq
Published: April 2021

Seafloor mounds are enigmatic features along many continental margins and are often interpreted as gas hydrate pingoes, seep deposits, mud volcanoes, or hydrothermal mounds. When such mounds occur in basins with past volcanic activities, they have the potential to host seafloor metalliferous deposits, which is generally overlooked. Using geophysical datasets, we document the fluid plumbing systems that promoted the formation of seafloor mounds in the Great South Basin (GSB), offshore New Zealand. We also investigate these mounds as potential seafloor metalliferous deposits. Our results reveal 9 seafloor mounds (~ 137 m high) above gigantic (~ 5.4 km high) fluid escape pipes that are associated with deeper crystalline rocks. The structural make-up of the mounds, their geospatial relationships with the pipes and intrusive rocks, and geophysical properties suggest a primary volcanic or hydrothermal origin for the culpable fluids and mounds respectively. Fluids derived from deeper coal beds and shallow foraminiferal oozes in the basin constitute secondary fluid sources focused along polygonal faults and lateral flow cells. A main sub-vertical and minor lateral fluid plumbing patterns are proposed. The relationship between the mounds, pipes, underlying intrusive rocks, and upward routing of mineral-rich fluids could have implications for the formation of ore-grade mineral deposits on the seafloor in the GSB.
Interleukin 10 level in the peritoneal cavity is a prognostic marker for peritoneal recurrence of T4 colorectal cancer
Authors: Jeong Seung-Yong , Jeon Byeong Geon , Kim Ji-Eun , Shin Rumi , Ahn Hye Seong , Jin Heejin , Heo Seung Chul
Published: April 2021

Peritoneal recurrence (PR) is a major relapse pattern of colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated whether peritoneal immune cytokines can predict PR. Cytokine concentrations of peritoneal fluid from CRC patients were measured. Patients were grouped according to peritoneal cancer burden (PCB): no tumor cells (≤ pT3), microscopic tumor cells (pT4), or gross tumors (M1c). Cytokine concentrations were compared among the three groups and the associations of those in pT4 patients with and without postoperative PR were assessed. Of the ten cytokines assayed, IL6, IL10, and TGFB1 increased with progression of PCB. Among these, IL10 was a marker of PR in pT4 (N = 61) patients based on ROC curve (p = 0.004). The IL10 cut-off value (14 pg/mL) divided patients into groups with a low (7%, 2 of 29 patients) or high (45%, 16 of 32 patients) 5-year PR (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified high IL10 levels as the independent risk factor for PR. Separation of patients into training and test sets to evaluate the performance of IL10 cut-off model validated this cytokine as a risk factor for PR. Peritoneal IL10 is a prognostic marker of PR in pT4 CRC. Further research is necessary to identify immune response of intraperitoneal CRC growth.
Untargeted metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring inflammatory bowel disease and alimentary small cell lymphoma
Authors: Marsilio Sina , Chow Betty , Hill Steve L. , Ackermann Mark R. , Estep J. Scot , Sarawichitr Benjamin , Pilla Rachel , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Steiner Joerg M. , Suchodolski Jan S.
Published: April 2021

Feline chronic enteropathy (CE) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in cats and mainly comprises inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and small cell lymphoma (SCL). Differentiation between IBD and SCL can be diagnostically challenging. We characterized the fecal metabolome of 14 healthy cats and 22 cats with naturally occurring CE (11 cats with IBD and 11 cats with SCL). Principal component analysis and heat map analysis showed distinct clustering between cats with CE and healthy controls. Random forest classification revealed good group prediction for healthy cats and cats with CE, with an overall out-of-bag error rate of 16.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that levels of 84 compounds in cats with CE differed from those in healthy cats. Polyunsaturated fatty acids held discriminatory power in differentiating IBD from SCL. Metabolomic profiles of cats with CE resembled those in people with CE with significant alterations of metabolites related to tryptophan, arachidonic acid, and glutathione pathways.
The risk of developing a meningioma during and after pregnancy
Authors: Pettersson-Segerlind Jenny , Mathiesen Tiit , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Edström Erik , Talbäck Mats , Feychting Maria , Tettamanti Giorgio
Published: April 2021

Pregnancy has been associated with diagnosis or growth of meningiomas in several case reports, which has led to the hypothesis that pregnancy may be a risk factor for meningiomas. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis in a large population-based cohort study. Women born in Sweden 1958–2000 (N = 2,204,126) were identified and matched with the Medical Birth Register and the Cancer Register. The expected number of meningioma cases and risk ratios were calculated for parous and nulliparous women and compared to the observed number of cases. Compared to parous women, meningiomas were more common among nulliparous (SIR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.52–1.95). The number of meningioma cases detected during pregnancy was lower than the expected (SIR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.20–0.72). Moreover, no increased risk was found in the first-year post-partum (SIR = 1.04; 95% CI 0.74–1.41). Contrary to our hypothesis, there was no increased risk for diagnosing a meningioma during pregnancy or 1-year post-partum. A lower detection rate during pregnancy, may reflect under-utilization of diagnostic procedures, but the actual number of meningiomas was homogenously lower among parous than nulliparous women throughout the study period, indicating that pregnancy is not a risk factor for meningioma.
Long term crop rotation effect on subsequent soybean yield explained by soil and root-associated microbiomes and soil health indicators
Authors: Neupane Achal , Bulbul Izzet , Wang Ziyi , Lehman R. Michael , Nafziger Emerson , Marzano Shin-Yi Lee
Published: April 2021

Crop rotation is an important management tactic that farmers use to manage crop production and reduce pests and diseases. Long-term crop rotations may select groups of microbes that form beneficial or pathogenic associations with the following crops, which could explain observed crop yield differences with different crop sequences. To test this hypothesis, we used two locations each with four long-term (12–14-year), replicated, rotation treatments: continuous corn (CCC), corn/corn/soybean (SCC), corn/soybean (CSC), and soybean/corn (SCS). Afterwards, soybean was planted, and yield and soil health indicators, bulk soil microbiome, and soybean root-associated microbiome were assessed. Soybean yields, as well as soil protein, and POXC as soil health indicators were higher following CCC than in the other three treatments at both locations. A bacterial taxon in familyJG30-KF-AS9was enriched in CCC, whereasMicrovirga,Rhodomicrobium, andMicromonosporaceaewere enriched in SCS. Several ascomycetes explain lowered yield as soybean pathogens in SCS. Surprisingly,Tumularia,PyrenochaetopsisandSchizotheciumwere enriched in soybean roots after CCC, suggesting corn pathogens colonizing soybean roots as nonpathogens. Our finding of associations between soil health indicators related to microbiomes and soybean yield has wide-ranging implications, opening the possibility of manipulating microbiomes to improve crop yield potential.
Inhibition of eEF2K synergizes with glutaminase inhibitors or 4EBP1 depletion to suppress growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Ju YoungJun , Ben-David Yaacov , Rotin Daniela , Zacksenhaus Eldad
Published: April 2021

The eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase, eEF2K, which restricts protein translation elongation, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for diverse types of malignancies including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the contexts in which eEF2K inhibition is essential in TNBC and its consequences on the proteome are largely unknown. Here we show that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of eEF2K cooperated with glutamine (Gln) starvation, and synergized with glutaminase (GLS1) inhibitors to suppress growth of diverse TNBC cell lines. eEF2K inhibition also synergized with depletion of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (eIF4EBP1; 4EBP1), a suppressor of eukaryotic protein translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), to induce c-MYC and Cyclin D1 expression, yet attenuate growth of TNBC cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that whereas eEF2K depletion alone uniquely induced Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) and 6 (CDK6), combined depletion of eEF2K and 4EBP1 resulted in overlapping effects on the proteome, with the highest impact on the ‘Collagen containing extracellular matrix’ pathway (e.g. COL1A1), as well as the amino-acid transporter, SLC7A5/LAT1, suggesting a regulatory loop via mTORC1. In addition, combined depletion of eEF2K and 4EBP1 indirectly reduced the levels of IFN-dependent innate immune response-related factors. Thus, eEF2K inhibition triggers cell cycle arrest/death under unfavourable metabolic conditions such as Gln-starvation/GLS1 inhibition or 4EBP1 depletion, uncovering new therapeutic avenues for TNBC and underscoring a pressing need for clinically relevant eEF2K inhibitors.
Publisher Correction: Synbiotic feed supplementation significantly improves lipid utilization and shows discrete effects on disease resistance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Villumsen Kasper Rømer , Ohtani Maki , Forberg Torunn , Aasum Elisabeth , Tinsley John , Bojesen Anders Miki
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
The effect of introducing Ga on the ZSM-5-catalyzed methanol to aromatics reaction: taking methylcyclopentane to benzene as an example
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Liu Hongyan , Ling Lixia , Zhang Hairong , Zhang Riguang , Liu Ping , Wang Baojun
Published: April 2021

Introducing Ga to ZSM-5 was more favorable for dehydrogenation than two H-type ZSM-5 (H-Z1 and H-Z2) models, which makes methylcyclopentane is easy to form benzene.
Grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising cell-free therapeutic tool for wound healing
Authors: Savcı Yağız , Kırbaş Oğuz Kaan , Bozkurt Batuhan Turhan , Abdik Ezgi Avşar , Taşlı Pakize Neslihan , Şahin Fikrettin , Abdik Hüseyin
Published: April 2021

GEVs increased the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells and exhibited anti-oxidant effect. Besides, GEVs triggered angiogenesis of HUVECs which are important for the wound healing process.
Theoretical study of the influence of doped oxygen group elements on the properties of organic semiconductors
Authors: Liu Anmin , Gao Mengfan , Ma Yan , Ren Xuefeng , Gao Liguo , Li Yanqiang , Ma Tingli
Published: April 2021

Doping oxygen group elements on the properties of organic semiconductor were studied by DFT; the doping of multi-element Te has high stability and mobility; provide guidance for preparing high-performance organic semiconductor materials.
Anticancer activity, DNA binding and docking study of M(ii)-complexes (M = Zn, Cu and Ni) derived from a new pyrazine–thiazole ligand: synthesis, structure and DFT
Authors: Bera Pradip , Aher Abhishek , Brandao Paula , Manna Sunil Kumar , Bhattacharyya Indranil , Mondal Gopinath , Jana Abhimanyu , Santra Ananyakumari , Bera Pulakesh
Published: April 2021

A series of structurally related Zn(ii), Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes of 4-(2-(2-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)-thiazol-4-yl)-benzonitrile (PyztbH) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray crystallography and density functional theory (DFT).
Exploiting cyanine dye J-aggregates/monomer equilibrium in hydrophobic protein pockets for efficient multi-step phototherapy: an innovative concept for smart nanotheranostics
Authors: Picchio Matías L. , Bergueiro Julian , Wedepohl Stefanie , Minari Roque J. , Alvarez Igarzabal Cecilia I. , Gugliotta Luis M. , Cuggino Julio C. , Calderón Marcelo
Published: April 2021

Stabilization of indocyanine green (ICG) J-aggregates into gadolinium-decorated casein micelles enables dual magnetic resonance/fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy.
Migration of cations in layered oxides for creating a highly active interface toward CO preferential oxidation
Authors: Ding Junfang , Geng Zhibin , Li Liping , Wang Ye , Zuo Ying , Li Huixia , Yang Min , Li Guangshe
Published: April 2021

Migration and doping of cations create a highly active interface in CeO2–CuCoO2 composite.
Development of robust models for rapid classification of microplastic polymer types based on near infrared hyperspectral images
Authors: Kitahashi Tomo , Nakajima Ryota , Nomaki Hidetaka , Tsuchiya Masashi , Yabuki Akinori , Yamaguchi Sojiro , Zhu Chunmao , Kanaya Yugo , Lindsay Dhugal J. , Chiba Sanae , Fujikura Katsunori
Published: April 2021

Robust models that are capable of classifying polymer types could be built based on HSI data for small particles measured on wet filters. HSI techniques with appropriate models allow the rapid identification of microplastics.
A fluorescent PET probe based on polyethyleneimine-Ag nanoclusters as a reversible, stable and selective broad-range pH sensor
Authors: Reyes-Cruzaley Ana Patricia , Ochoa-Terán Adrián , Tirado-Guízar Antonio , Félix-Navarro Rosa María , Alonso-Núñez Gabriel , Pina-Luis Georgina
Published: April 2021

A nanosensor for pH detection in a broad range (3–11) based on a PET response mechanism is proposed. The sensor is easy to obtain and simple to operate and presents excellent stability, reversibility and dispersibility in water.
A new method for cartap detection with high sensitivity and selectivity based on the inner filter effect between GSH-Cu NCs and Au NPs
Authors: Liu Haijian , Dong Libin , Wang Miao , Huang Guofu
Published: April 2021

A schematic diagram of sensing cartap using the IFE between GSH-Cu NCs and Au NPs.
Green synthesis of CeO2 and Zr/Sn-dual doped CeO2 nanoparticles with photoantioxidant and antibiofilm activities
Authors: Naidi Siti Najihah , Khan Fazlurrahman , Tan Ai Ling , Harunsani Mohammad Hilni , Kim Young-Mog , Khan Mohammad Mansoob
Published: April 2021

Aqueous leaf extract of Pometia pinnata mediated synthesis of CeO2 and Zr/Sn-dual doped CeO2 NPs for biological applications.
A chondroitin sulfate based injectable hydrogel for delivery of stem cells in cartilage regeneration
Authors: Li Xiaolin , Xu Qian , Johnson Melissa , Wang Xi , Lyu Jing , Li Yinghao , McMahon Sean , Greiser Udo , A Sigen , Wang Wenxin
Published: April 2021

An injectable hydrogel system fabricated with functionalised chondroitin sulfate and a hyperbranched multi-functional PEG polymer was developed as a stem cell delivery system for cartilage tissue engineering.
Understanding the role of conjugation length on the self-assembly behaviour of oligophenyleneethynylenes
Authors: Matarranz Beatriz , Ghosh Goutam , Kandanelli Ramesh , Sampedro Angel , Kartha Kalathil K. , Fernández Gustavo
Published: April 2021

We unravel the relationship between conjugation length and self-assembly behaviour of oligophenyleneethynylenes (OPEs).
Functional flexible molecular crystals: intrinsic and mechanoresponsive properties
Authors: Seki Tomohiro , Hoshino Norihisa , Suzuki Yasutaka , Hayashi Shotaro
Published: April 2021

Flexible molecular crystals have attracted much attention to unique optoelectronic applications and stimuli-responsive chemistry, resulting in various functional molecular crystals for controlling photons, phonons, electrons, and magnons.
Carbon dots@metal–organic frameworks as dual-functional fluorescent sensors for Fe3+ ions and nitro explosives
Authors: Tao Yufang , Jiang Yansong , Huang Yating , Liu Junning , Zhang Ping , Chen Xiaodong , Fan Yong , Wang Li , Xu Jianing
Published: April 2021

Two novel dual-functional fluorescent composites were prepared, which exhibit excellent fluorescence sensing capabilities for Fe3+, p-NT and 2,4-DNP.
1,3-Bis(4′-carboxylatophenoxy)benzene and 3,5-bis(1-imidazoly)pyridine derived Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) coordination polymers: synthesis, structure and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Gong Qin , Wang Jun , Shi Chuncheng , Liu Qiang-Qiang , Lu Lu , Singh Amita , Kumar Abhinav
Published: April 2021

Zn(ii) and Cd(ii)-based CPs derived from a 1,3-bis(4′-carboxylatophenoxy)benzene and 3,5-bis(1-imidazoly)pyridine synthesized and their photocatalytic properties for decomposition of methylene blue investigated.
The role of the potential field on occurrence and flow of octane in quartz nanopores
Authors: Zhan Kaiyun , Fang Wenjing , Pan Zhiming , Teng Guilei , Zheng Haixia , Zhao Li , Liu Bing
Published: April 2021

Occurrence and flow of octane are affected by potential field from walls and adsorption layers in quartz nanopores.
A new perspective for evaluating the photoelectric performance of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites based on the DFT calculations of excited states
Authors: Gao Zhengyang , Chen Shengyi , Bai Yang , Wang Min , Liu Xiaoshuo , Yang Weijie , Li Wei , Ding Xunlei , Yao Jianxi
Published: April 2021

The high efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites has attracted the attention of many scholars all over the world. We studied the excited states of a series of perovskite by DFT calculation, and discussed their photoelectric properties by electron–hole distribution analysis.
Size dependence of the dissociation process of spherical hydrate particles via microsecond molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Mohr Stephan , Pétuya Rémi , Wylde Jonathan , Sarria Juan , Purkayastha Nirupam , Ward Zachary , Bodnar Scot , Tsimpanogiannis Ioannis N.
Published: April 2021

The dissociation process of spherical sII mixed methane–propane hydrate particles in liquid hydrocarbon was investigated via microsecond-long molecular dynamics simulations.
Oxygen vacancy-engineered surfaces of ZnO-decorated porous BiOI microspheres for strongly enhanced visible-light NO oxidation
Authors: Zha Ruhua , Shi Tuo , Li Chao , Liu He , Zhang Min
Published: April 2021

Oxygen vacancy-engineered Surfaces of ZnO-decorated porous BiOI microspheres for strongly enhanced visible-light NO oxidation.
Alkali hexatitanate photocatalysts with various morphologies for selective reduction of carbon dioxide with water
Authors: Zhu Xing , Yamamoto Akira , Yoshida Hisao
Published: April 2021

Among the prepared alkali–metal hexatitanate samples, the rod-like potassium hexatitanate (K2Ti6O13) modified with Ag nanoparticles exhibited the highest activity for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with a very high reaction selectivity to form CO (96%).
Expanding the NUIG MOF family: synthesis and characterization of new MOFs for selective CO2 adsorption, metal ion removal from aqueous systems, and drug delivery applications
Authors: Winterlich Meghan , McHugh Darragh , O'Toole Evan , Skordi Katerina , O'Malley Ciaran , Sanii Rana , Tasiopoulos Anastasios , Erxleben Andrea , Mayans Júlia , Morrison Liam , McArdle Patrick , Zaworotko Michael J. , Tylianakis Emmanuel , Froudakis George , Papatriantafyllopoulou Constantina
Published: April 2021

A family of mixed metal MOFs is reported; NUIG MOFs possess good adsorption capacity for a variety of different species, including metal ions, ibuprophen, CO2 and CH4, while one of them exhibits CO2 selectivity.
Persistent room-temperature phosphorescence or high-contrast phosphorescent mechanochromism: polymorphism-dependent different emission characteristics from a single gold(i) complex
Authors: Wang Xiao-Yan , Yin Ya , Yin Jun , Chen Zhao , Liu Sheng Hua
Published: April 2021

Two polymorphs 1B and 1YG of a new gold(i) complex are reported. Interestingly, 1B exhibits high-contrast phosphorescent mechanochromic behavior, while 1YG exhibits a persistent room-temperature phosphorescence effect.
Synthesis and high proton conductivity of an indium-substituted Keggin-type quaternary heteropoly acid
Authors: Wu Xuefei , Wu Qingyin
Published: April 2021

An indium-substituted Keggin quaternary heteropoly acid, H4[In(H2O)PW9Mo2O39]·11H2O, is reported. It owes high protonic conductivity as 2.32 ×10−4 S cm−1, with 35.52 kJ mol−1 as the activation energy, implying a potential solid protonic conductor.
Novel primary phosphinecarboxamides derived from diamines
Authors: Faria Erica N. , Jupp Andrew R. , Goicoechea Jose M.
Published: April 2021

We describe the synthesis of N-functionalised phosphinecarboxamides obtained by reaction of the 2-phosphaethynolate anion (PCO−) with diamines, specifically hydrazine, methylenediamine and ethylenediamine.
Maternal supplementation with a combination of wheat bran and sugar beet pulp during late gestation and lactation improves growth and intestinal functions in piglets
Authors: Shang Qinghui , Liu Sujie , Liu Hansuo , Mahfuz Shad , Piao Xiangshu
Published: April 2021

Maternal supplementation with wheat bran and sugar beet pulp improves growth and intestinal functions in piglets.
Hydroxytyrosol alleviates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation and enhances hippocampal neurotrophic signaling to improve stress-induced depressive behaviors in mice
Authors: Zhao Yun-Tao , Zhang Lulu , Yin Haowen , Shen Ling , Zheng Wenjing , Zhang Kun , Zeng Jian , Hu Chuanyin , Liu You
Published: April 2021

Hydroxytyrosol exerts antidepressant-like effects in mice by reducing oxidative stress, suppressing neuroinflammation, and enhancing the function of neurotrophic factors.
Development of a novel starch-based dietary fiber using glucanotransferase
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Zhao Xinqi , Zhang Tao , Hamaker Bruce R. , Miao Ming
Published: April 2021

The recombinant microbial GTase had a stronger affinity for high-amylose starch to produce the reuteran-like high-branched glucan, which linked by single linear α-1, 6 linkages and α-1, 4/6 branching points as a promising prebiotic dietary fiber.
Dietary selenomethionine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced renal inflammatory injury in broilersviaregulating the PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit necroptosis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Qi Xue , Chen Xiaoming , Zhang Jinxi , Zhang Wenyue , Lin Hongjin
Published: April 2021

We explore the protective effect of dietary SeMet on the kidney tissue of broilers and determine its potential molecular mechanism of action.
Tricoumaroylspermidine from rose exhibits inhibitory activity against ethanol-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells
Authors: Zhou Qian , Wang Lanxiang , Liu Bin , Xiao Jianbo , Cheng Ka-Wing , Chen Feng , Wang Mingfu
Published: April 2021

Hepatocyte apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and anti-apoptotic agents/extracts are thereby of great importance in the prevention/treatment of ALD.
Metal phosphate catalysts to upgrade lignocellulose biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels
Authors: Shivhare Atal , Kumar Abhinav , Srivastava Rajendra
Published: April 2021

This review presents an overview of the transformation of biomass-derived platform chemicals into value-added chemicals and biofuels using metal phosphate-based heterogeneous catalysts.
Copper-ion assisted photochemical vapor generation of bromide and bromate
Authors: de Oliveira Richard M. , Borges Daniel L. G. , Grinberg Patricia , Mester Zoltan , Sturgeon Ralph E.
Published: April 2021

Efficient photochemical vapor generation of CH3Br from bromide and bromate using a medium consisting of 2% acetic acid and 10 mg L−1 Cu2+ is demonstrated. Mechanisms involving a Cu–Br complex are discussed.
Biomolecular interactions of ultrasmall metallic nanoparticles and nanoclusters
Authors: Sousa Alioscka A. , Schuck Peter , Hassan Sergio A.
Published: April 2021

Experimental and computational methods for the study of ultrasmall nanoparticle–protein interactions.
Sub-micron moulding topological mass transport regimes in angled vortex fluidic flow
Authors: Alharbi Thaar M. D. , Jellicoe Matt , Luo Xuan , Vimalanathan Kasturi , Alsulami Ibrahim K. , AL Harbi Bediea S. , Igder Aghil , Alrashaidi Fayed A. J. , Chen Xianjue , Stubbs Keith A. , Chalker Justin M. , Zhang Wei , Boulos Ramiz A. , Jones Darryl B. , Quinton Jamie S. , Raston Colin L.
Published: April 2021

A rapidly rotating tube in the vortex fluidic device imparts submicron topological mass transport regimes, as moulded through crystallisation, polymerisation, and ‘molecular drilling’.
In situ synthesis of Fe2O3 nanosphere/Co3O4 nanowire-connected reduced graphene oxide hybrid networks for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhou Jianhao , Zhou Zhiyu , Lv Huifang , Gu Bingni , Wang Kuangye , Chen Zexiang , Yan Xinyu , Zhang Jijun , Liu Wen-Wu , Chueh Yu-Lun
Published: April 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) hybrid networks consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets interconnected by Co3O4 nanowires (rGO/Co3O4), followed by the decoration of Fe2O3 nanospheres (NSs), were demonstrated by a facile hydrothermal method.