bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Debate: economistas en deuda o la deuda de los economistas
Authors: Gómez Diego , Guillermo Vélez Luis
Published: December 2022

Los grandes problemas económicos y sociales de las sociedades contemporáneas, ha suscitado en los últimos años importantes reflexiones críticas sobre el papel de la teoría económica y la profesión del economista. Tal es el caso del debate suscitado en Francia en torno a la enseñanza de la Economía, con el manifiesto del Mouvement des étudiants pour la réforme de l´economie, que provocó respuestas inmediatas de todas las vertientes de la disciplina, no solo en dicho país sino en muchos lugares del mundo. En esta perspectiva, el texto de Diego Gómez expone varios puntos críticos sobre el quehacer de la Economía y los economistas, especialmente los colombianos; su análisis es examinado, desde otra óptica, por Luis Guillermo Vélez.   Palabras clave: rol de la Economía, rol de los economistas, relacion de la economía con los valores sociales. Clasificación JEL: A11, A13   Abstract:   The great economic and social problems of contemporary societies, have provoked in recent years important critic reflections on the role of the economic theory and the profession of the economist. Such is the case of the debate provoked in France regarding Economy teaching, with the manifesto Mouvement des étudiants pour la réforme de l´economie that caused immediate answers coming from the different areas of the discipline, not only in France but in many places of the world. With this perspective in mind, Diego Gomez exposes in his text various important points on the task of the Economy and the economists, specially the Colombians; their analysis is examined from a different point of view, by Luis Guillermo Vélez.   Key words: role of economics, role of economist, relation of economics to social values. JEL: A11, A13   Résumé :   Les grands problèmes économiques et sociaux des sociétés contemporaines, ont provoqué ces dernières années des réflexions importantes de critique sur le rôle de la théorie économique et la profession de l'économiste. Tel est le cas du débat suscité en France concernant l'enseignement d'économie, avec le manifeste Mouvement des étudiants pour la réforme de l´economie qui a provoqué des réponses immédiates de tous les domaines de la discipline, non seulement en France mais dans beaucoup de lieux du monde. Dans cette perspective, le texte de Diego Gómez expose plusieurs points critiques sur le travail de l'Économie et les économistes, particulièrement les Colombiens ; son analyse est examinée d'un point de vue différent, par Luis Guillermo Vélez   Mots Clés: rôle des sciences économiques, rôle d'économiste, relation des sciences économiques aux valeurs sociales.
Cómo repartir cuando no hay bastante
Authors: Villar Antonio
Published: December 2022

Las decisiones de asignación de recursos escasos constituyen uno de los elementos que definen la naturaleza de la Economía. Estas decisiones, asociadas al problema de la escasez, aparecen tanto en contextos individuales como sociales y generan problemas de racionamiento, los cuales han sido abordados por el análisis económico moderno desde dos enfoques: el primero, es proporcionado por la teoría cooperativa de los juegos y el segundo, es el estudio axiomático de las diversas soluciones propuestas. El último enfoque se emplea en este artículo con el objetivo de dar solución a situaciones de bancarrota, las cuales son un tipo de problemas de racionamiento sencillo con una notable variedad de interpretaciones y una formulación matemática precisa. Para esto, se aborda el análisis comparativo de cuatro reglas clásicas (regla proporcional, igualitaria, del Talmud y de igual pérdida) que permiten encontrar una solución aplicando diferentes criterios de equidad. La elección de uno u otro criterio dependerá, por lo general, del tipo concreto de problema de que se trate. Palabras clave: Conducta microeconómica, distribución.
Local Commons and Cross-Effects of Population and Inequality on the Local Provision of Environmental Services
Authors: Cárdenas Juan Camilo
Published: December 2022

El efecto potencial de la densidad de la población sobre los recursos naturales escasos ha estado presente desde el principio de los debates ambientales y de los recursos naturales. El papel de la desigualdad en esta relación se ha estudiado menos. Este artículo propone que mejores distribuciones de la tierra pueden disminuir el efecto de la presión de población sobre la degradación de la tierra, principalmente cambiando el uso del trabajo y proporcionando los incentivos para prácticas agrícolas y uso de la tierra más sostenibles. Usando tecnologías GIS y datos para más de 100 veredas en la región de Boyacá (Colombia), los resultados econométricos apoyan la proposición de que bajo mejor distribución de la tierra, el efecto de la densidad de la población sobre la degradación de la tierra es más pequeño. Palabras clave: población, agricultura sostenible, uso de la tierra, degradación de la tierra, desigualdad.
Cambios en la estructura de los salarios urbanos en Colombia, 1984-2000
Authors: Arango Luis Eduardo , Posada Carlos Esteban , Uribe José Darío
Published: December 2022

Entre 1984 y 2000 se registraron variaciones importantes en la relación entre salarios de los trabajadores de mayor y menor nivel educativo que alteraron el grado de desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso salarial. Entre 1992 y 1998 se presentó un incremento en dicha relación que muy probablemente contribuyó a explicar la reversión de la tendencia previa a la desconcentración del ingreso. Nuestras estimaciones indican que tales movimientos de los salarios fueron causados por cambios de la relación entre demanda y oferta de trabajadores con diferentes niveles educativos, en consonancia con el modelo convencional de determinación de salarios. Además, no se rechaza la hipótesis de ocurrencia de un cambio técnico intensivo en el uso de trabajadores del mayor nivel educativo durante los años noventa cuyo efecto en la demanda fue tan alto que no logró ser compensado por los aumentos en la oferta.Palabras clave: Salarios relativos, demanda y oferta de trabajo calificado, función de producción CES, cambio técnico sesgado. Clasificación JEL: J0, J23, J3
¿Las teorías heterodoxas tienen algo en común? Un punto de vista postkeynesiano
Authors: Lavoie Marc
Published: December 2022

Este artículo presenta los diferentes elementos teóricos que comparten algunas corrientes heterodoxas. Estos elementos se encuentran al interior de cuatro grandes problemáticas: la racionalidad de los individuos, la teoría de los precios, el modelo kaleckiano de crecimiento y la integración del sector real con el sector monetario. A pesar de las divergencias, estos elementos teóricos constituyen un conjunto coherente que podría ser mejorado con el ánimo construir una única teoría heterodoxa, la cual serviría de verdadera alternativa a la teoría neoclásica dominante.Palabras clave: Heterodoxos, neoclásicos, postkeynesianos, kaleckianos. Clasificación JEL: B5, E13, E12.
Firm Entry and Productivity Turnovers in Import Substituting Markets: Evidence from the Petrochemical industry in Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez Luis H , Pombo Carlos
Published: December 2022

El artículo analiza la entrada de firmas y rotación de la productividad promedio en la industria petroquímica colombiana para el período 1974-1998. Los resultados muestran que los entrantes exitosos dieron forma a la productividad de la industria e indujeron a la reestructuración de las plantas existentes. Los flujos de entrada crecieron constantemente en el sector de plásticos, a pesar de los cambios de política comercial. La descomposición del crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores muestra que el efecto de las empresas establecidas domina sobre el efecto de rotación de empresas. Los resultados econométricos sugieren que las barreras a la entrada, asociadas con el licenciamiento de la tecnología y la dependencia de materias primas importadas disuaden la entrada, mientras que variables complementarias del mercado como los niveles de productividad, crecimiento en la construcción de vivienda y competencia periférica inducen la entrada de firmas. Palabras clave: entrada, rotación, productividad total factorial, industria petroquímica.
The Principle of Maalat Af’al and its Application in Dealing with the Issue of Women Converting without their Husbands: A Case Study in the UK
Authors: Ishak Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat , Mohammad Nasir Nur Syahirah
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to apply the principle of maalat af’al (consequences of an action) in analysing the issue of women converting to Islam without their husbands from the perspective of maslahah (public interest). Despite the fact that the majority of classical scholars maintain the view that this marriage must be dissolved, dealing with this case in Muslim minority circumstances needs more consideration, particularly in terms of maslahah (securing benefit and removing harm) and mafsadah (harm). Dissolving this marriage immediately could portray a negative image of Islam as a religion that divides families with psychological and emotional impacts on women and their families. This is a qualitative study that obtained data from interviews with several imams and scholars in the UK. The findings indicate that this is a contemporary ijtihadi issue, with some aspects tolerated. Also, the status of maslahah in this issue is in line with the Shari’ah, particularly in facilitating a new Muslim life. While this study is merely exploratory with a limited number of participants, linking theory and reality makes the discussion on the issue and applying the principle of maalat practical.
Pandangan dan Penilaian Ilmuan Agama Terhadap Kaedah Pelupusan Teks Al-Quran Di Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Majid Latifah , Mohd Saad Mohd Faizulamri , Ishak Hamdi , Abdul Majid Mohd. Nasir , Mohd Azhar Ameer Areff Iskandar
Published: December 2022

Kaedah membakar merupakan antara kaedah yang digunakan bagi melupuskan mashaf al-Quran yang lama, rosak atau tersalah cetak. Muktahir ini telah berlaku pengurusan pelupusan mashaf al-Quran yang tidak menepati maqasid pelupusan teks al-Quran seperti yang difatwakan dalam garis panduan. Di samping itu, jumlah mashaf al-Quran yang rosak semakin bertambah menyebabkan tapak pengumpulan semakin terhad. Bagi menjimatkan kos dan ruang, didapati beberapa institusi yang dipertanggungjawabkan dalam mengendalikan pelupusan telah menyerahkan tugas ini kepada pihak yang tidak berautoriti, contohnya kepada pihak bukan Islam bahkan dilupuskan di kilang kertas. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan pandangan dan penilaian ilmuan agama terhadap kaedah pelupusan yang telah dilaksanakan oleh institusi pelupusan teks al-Quran di Malaysia. Pengumpulan data diambil secara analisis dokumen dan temubual bersama Mufti iaitu mufti Negeri Selangor, mufti Negeri Kelantan dan mufti Negeri Terengganu. Ia dilakukan secara temubual separa berstruktur dan dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil penemuan mendapati bahawa terdapat beberapa kaedah yang telah dilaksanakan oleh kerajaan Malaysia. Antara kaedah yang diaplikasi adalah dengan cara dibakar sehingga menjadi abu dan dibatakan seterusnya dihanyut ke dalam laut. Tegasnya, masih banyak institusi berautoriti yang melaksanakan pelupusan mengikut garis panduan yang ditetapkan.
Personality Traits of Muslim Teachers: A Brief Overview
Authors: Zakaria Zurina , Ismail Ashraf
Published: December 2022

Teachers are an essential asset in an educational institution. The attitude and behavior of Muslim teachers that do not reflect good Muslim personality will be an obstacle to the smooth process of teaching and learning. Therefore, this concept paper discusses the personality traits that every Muslim teacher should have to excel as an educator. Qualitative research methods through content analysis research design were used. Data collected from materials such as books, journal articles, proceedings, theses and dissertations were analyzed descriptively. This study touches on personality traits that have been documented by Islamic scholars. Although an in-depth study has not yet been conducted, the results of previous writings have found that the personality traits of effective Muslim teachers can still be observed. The personality traits of Muslim teachers from the point of view of Islamic scholars such as Imam Al-Ghazali, Imam Al-Nawawi, Imam Al-Ajurri, Imam Al-Mawardi and Imam Hasan Al-Banna can be summarized into four main elements: knowledgeable and applying it; good character; possess teaching skills and dedicated to the community. In particular, every Muslim teacher and educational institution should be concerned about personality traits and take appropriate action so that the quality of teachers in Malaysia can be improved.
Hakikat Maqasid Al-Qur’an Imam Al-Ghazali Dan Perkembangan Perbahasan Berkenaan Maqasid Masa Kini
Authors: Ahmad Siddig , Wan Abdullah Wan Suhaimi
Published: December 2022

Salah satu tema perbahasan yang banyak dibincangkan dalam kesarjanaan ilmu dalam kalangan ilmuan Islam pada hari ini ialah berhubung konsep maqasid serta istilah yang berhubung dengannya iaitu maqasid al-Quran, maqasid al-syari’ah dan juga pendekatan tafsir yang dinamakan tafsir al-maqsidi. Namun, penggunaan ketiga-tiga istilah tersebut saling bertukar dan sering bertindan antara satu sama lain. Tambahan pula, terdapat kecenderungan para ilmuan Islam masa kini yang melihat bahawa ketiga-tiga istilah tersebut menjurus kepada satu perbahasan yang sama iaitu maqasid al-syar’iyyah. Justeru, penulisan ini dibuat untuk mengangkat kembali faham maqasid al-Quran yang dikemukakan oleh Imam al-Ghazali, menyelusuri sejarah perkembangan penggunaan istilah maqasid al-Quran daripada awal penggunaannya iaitu bermula abad ke-10 sehingga ke hari ini serta skop pembahagiannya. Di akhir perbincangan ini, penulis akan mengemukakan analisis perbandingan skop pembahagian maqasid al-Quran yang dikemukakan oleh Imam al-Ghazali dengan perbahasan maqasid al-Quran yang dikemukakan oleh para ulama’ selepasnya dan analisis berhubung penggunaan istilah maqasid al-Quran. Kekeliruan berhubung dengan istilah tersebut diperjelaskan agar penggunaannya adalah benar dan menempati kedudukannya yang sebenar.
Kajian Bibliometrik Penerbitan Mengenai al-Ghazali dalam Pangkalan Data Scopus
Authors: Zainal Abidin Mohd Syukri , Abd. Latif Faizuri
Published: December 2022

Al-Ghazali merupakan seorang mujaddid Islam pada abad ke-5 Hijrah. Ketokohan beliau sebagai pemikir Islam sehingga digelar sebagai Ḥujjat al-Islâm (Pembela Islam). Al-Ghazali seorang yang tekun dalam menuntut dan mendalami ilmu pengetahuan sehingga berjaya menguasai pelbagai cabang ilmu seperti falsafah, kalam dan tasawuf. Kehebatan beliau tidak dapat dinafikan apabila banyak menghasilkan karya atau penulisan dalam pelbagai disiplin ilmu yang telah dipelajarinya. Antaranya kitab yang dihasilkan oleh al-Ghazali termasuklah al-Iqtiṣad fḭ al-`Itiqad, al-Munqiḏ Min al-Ḍalãl, Bidâyah al-Hidâyah, Minhâj al-`Ȃbidḭn, Maqṣad al-Athnâ, Mishkât al-Anwâr, Tahâfut al-Falâsifah, Iḥyâ’ `Ulŭm al-Dḭn, Jawâhir al-Qur’ân dan sebagainya. Karya muktabar ini telah mempengaruhi pemikir Islam selepasnya, seperti Jalaluddin ar-Rumi, Syeikh Al-Ashraf, Ibnu Rusyd dan Syah Waliyullah. Walau bagaimanapun, artikel ini meninjau kajian yang dilakukan oleh pengkaji kontemporari di seluruh dunia terhadap al-Ghazali. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik dengan memfokuskan pangkalan data Scopus bagi meninjau serta menganalisis pola penerbitan yang telah dijalankan oleh sarjana dan ahli akademik terhadap pemikiran dan sumbangan al-Ghazali. Dapatan mendapati bahawa terdapat ramai profesor dan ahli penyelidik yang menghasilkan serta menerbitkan penulisan yang pelbagai berhubung beliau dalam pelbagai lapisan bidang. Ini menunjukkan al-Ghazali seorang tokoh yang menjadi tumpuan para sarjana baik penelitian menerusi pemikirannya mahupun karyanya. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini diharap dapat memberikan gambaran sebenar tentang pola penerbitan mengenai al-Ghazali dalam pangkalan data antarabangsa serta menggalakkan para penulis, penyelidik mahupun sarjana untuk menjalankan penelitian, penyelidikan, seterusnya meningkatkan penerbitan mengenai tokoh muktabar Islam ini. Ini juga secara tidak langsung mengangkat tokoh tradisional pada era moden.
Pemikiran al-Ghazali tentang hubungan antara Muslim dengan Muslim dan Muslim dengan Non Muslim
Authors: Ismail Ahmad Munawar , Mahmood Abdul Muhaimin
Published: December 2022

Keharmonian dan keamanan merupakan tonggak kepada terbentuknya sebuah tamadun yang unggul dan lestari. Keharmonian dan keamanan ini akan kekal selagi mana persefahaman dan kesepaduan dapat dilaksanakan secara konsisten dengan menjaga hubungan dan keadilan semua pihak. Hubungan dan keadilan ini boleh dipelihara selagi mana kita mematuhi prinsip-prinsip asas kemanusiaan seperti yang telah digariskan dalam syariat Islam. Antara tokoh pemikir Islam yang membicarakan hal ini adalah al-Ghazali (405-505H/1058-1111M). Beliau terkenal sebagai pakar dalam pelbagai disiplin termasuk ilmu fiqh, ilmu akidah, falsafah dan tasawuf. Artikel ini membahaskan pemikiran beliau mengenai aspek penting dalam hal ini dengan memberi tumpuan kepada pemikiran beliau terhadap hubungan antara muslim dengan muslim dan hubungan antara muslim dengan non muslim. Artikel ini adalah hasil dapatan kajian yang menggunakan analisis kandungan sebagai medium pengumpulan data. Selain itu, temu bual turut digunakan bagi mendapatkan maklumat yang berkaitan khususnya dalam konteks Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menujukkan, ada dua bentuk hubungan yang mesti dirai dan dilaksanakan oleh umat Islam. Pertama, hubungan berasakan akidah dan kedua, hubungan berasaskan hak, kehormatan dan kemanusiaan. Pemikiran al-Ghazali mengenai hal ini juga tidak dibahaskan dalam satu bab khusus dalam mana-mana karya beliau, sebaliknya ia telah dibicarakan dalam bab-bab yang berasingan seperti dalam bab muamalat, jinayah dan jihad sesuai dengan topik-topik yang dibahaskan. Jelasnya, apa pun kaedah yang yang kita laksanakan, hak dan tanggungjawab memelihara hubungan dan keadilan sesama manusia itu mesti berlaku dalam batasan yang dibenarkan syarak.
Penggunaan Model Pengajaran Al-Ghazālī Dalam Konteks Pengajaran Berfikir Kritis
Authors: Mohd Zhaffar Nursafra , Kamaruzaman Mohd Asyran Safwan , Kamarzaman Mohd Haidhar
Published: December 2022

Konsep pemikiran kritis yang berkembang pada hari ini banyak dicorakkan oleh pandangan alam Barat. Justeru, terdapat keperluan untuk menggunakan Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī dalam konteks pengajaran berfikir kritis Pendidikan Islam (PI). Model ini berasal dari kupasan Imām al-Ghazālī dalam Kitab Iḥyā’ ᶜUlūm al-Dīn dalam bab Ilmu Pengetahuan. Ianya dibina dan diolah sendiri oleh pengkaji berasaskan kepada penelitian terhadap keseluruhan karya tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka secara mendalam penerapan pemikiran kritis khusus dalam konteks pengajaran Pendidikan Islam menggunakan Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī. Pendekatan kualitatif iaitu kajian kes digunakan dengan penglibatan seramai enam orang guru pakar PI di sekolah menengah. Data dikumpul selama satu tahun menggunakan kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur, pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen. Terdapat tujuh tema utama pengajaran berfikir kritis yang diamalkan oleh peserta kajian iaitu a) Guru yang kritis; b) Penguasaan ilmu; c) Matlamat pengajaran; d) Strategi memberi maklum balas; e) Hubungan guru-murid; f) Komuniti berfikir; dan g) Pengalaman guru menulis dan berceramah. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa Model Pengajaran al-Ghazālī boleh diaplikasi dalam konteks pengajaran berfikir kritis mengikut acuan epistemologi Islam yang holistik. Berdasarkan kajian, model ini boleh diperluaskan dengan menambah elemen persekitaran sebagai faktor penyumbang kepada guru bagi menjayakan pengajaran yang bercorak kritis.
Psikoterapi al-Ghazālī: Kajian Terhadap Maqāmāt dalam Kitab Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn
Authors: Ibrahim Mazlan , Usman Abur Hamdi , Shahabudin Muhammad Fakhrur Razi
Published: December 2022

Pelbagai isu dan permasalahan yang berlegar dalam kalangan masyarakat datangnya dari jiwa dan akal yang sibuk diisi dengan keduniaan. Kecintaan manusia kepada dunia membuatkan banyak manusia yang kecewa dengan kehidupan mereka, pelbagai isu jenayah berlaku, peperangan, perebutan kuasa dan akhirnya manusia semakin rakus mengejar dunia tanpa henti. Psikologi dan jiwa manusia semakin lama semakin derita dan akhirnya memilih untuk membunuh diri. Justeru, artikel ini dihasilkan bagi mengenal pasti psikoterapi yang sesuai untuk merawat akal dan jiwa manusia melalui sentuhan hikmah al-Ghazālī menerusi konsep Maqāmāt dalam karyanya Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, kajian ini mendapati terdapat beberapa Maqāmāt yang terangkum dalam Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn, antaranya ialah al-tawbah, al-ṣabr, al-zuhd, al-tawakkul, al-maḥabbah, al-ma‘rifah dan al-riḍā. Konklusinya, tujuh Maqāmāt ini merupakan asas kepada pembinaan jati diri seorang mukmin sesuai dengan makna kitabnya menghidupkan ilmu-ilmu agama.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE BUSINESS SECTOR AND LABOUR MARKET IN SOUTH AFRICA: A FOCUS ON THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Nyambuya Tendayi Clemence , Musarapasi Stewart
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact which was by the Covid-19 pandemic in the hospitality industry of South Africa. South Africa has one of the largest and highest developed hospitality industries in the region. The hospitality sector in South Africa employs 5% of the active age group and contributes around 10.3% revenue income to the government of South Africa. Unfortunately, South Africa emerged as one of the hot spots of the Covid-19 virus infections. As a way of controlling the pandemic, hard lockdowns were introduced starting on the 27th of March 2020. The sealing of the country’s port of entries brought the hospitality sector to its knees. This study evaluates impact of Covid-19 on the business sector and the labour market in South Africa focussing on the hospitality industry. The study used secondary data from survey reports from South Africa’s National Department of Tourism, (Statssa, Google mobility and other authoritative relevant sources. The study concluded that the pandemic had a devastating effect on areas such as labour, the overall business, the labour market, and the hospitality sector. The most affected areas from the hospitality sector were aviation, maritime, special events, accommodation, hotels, restaurants, lodges, recreational parks, and national parks. When COVID-19 came some businesses in the hospitality sector were servicing loans borrowed from financial institutions. The findings of the study indicated the need for a strong financial backup to cushion business during pandemics for the hospitality sector, tax holidays and adoption of stringent health protocols to assist the industry recovery and make business more profitable. The theoretical implication of the study is that it will expose the impact of COVID-19 on the business sector and the labour market in South Africa with a focus on the hospitality industry, and to map a future mitigatory way to overcome such natural calamities towards the business sector.
PRINCIPLES OF A CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN THE FOOD SECTOR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Deksne Juta , Litavniece Lienite
Published: December 2022

Since the transition to a circular economy (CE) in various sectors is a priority strategic goal of policy planning in the European Union (EU), the goal of this article is to reveal the principles of the CE in the food sector. To achieve the goal, the study is based on a systematic literature review using the literature synthesis and analysis method and the PRISMA 2020 approach for the selection of appropriate literature. From 25 articles, which were selected from the SCOPUS database, 20 were left for final analysis. Based on the literature review, it was discovered that the main principles of the CE in the food sector are management of resources and waste, emission control, natural and production resource sustainability, increase in energy efficiency, reduction and prevention of food waste, recycling and reuse of food waste and public involvement in the transition to the CE. The determination of CE principles in the food sector is the basis for choosing goals and a right strategy for the implementation of CE principles in practice in this area
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE ROLE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY
Authors: Zarina Liga , Zvaigzne Anda , Klodane Aļona
Published: December 2022

The shadow economy is definitely a significant problem throughout the world. Research studies on the shadow economy still lack a single approach to the term shadow economy. Several definitions of the shadow economy are used to assess the role of the shadow economy.The present research aims to examine the theoretical role of the shadow economy and the definitions thereof given in various economic theories.Analysing the definitions of the shadow economy, researchers identify ambiguous interpretations of the term given in various theories. The term shadow economy has a considerable number of synonyms used for researching the shadow economy. Some definitions focus on hidden outcomes, whereas others focus on hidden employment. A definition of the shadow economy is of great importance in assessing the size of the shadow economy.The research employed the following methods: monographic, descriptive, as well as analysis, synthesis and document analysis.
Pamies Bertrán, Antonio (dir.) (2022). Dicofon 4. Diccionario de fonética en 22 lenguas. Granada, Editorial Comares. Diccionario multilingüe de fonética y fonología. DICOFON v.4. Universidad de Granada. https://www.ugr.es/~jmpazos/dicofon/
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Covadonga
Published: December 2022

Pamies Bertrán, Antonio (dir.) (2022). Dicofon 4. Diccionario de fonética en 22 lenguas. Granada, Editorial Comares.Diccionario multilingüe de fonética y fonología. DICOFON v.4. Universidad de Granada. https://www.ugr.es/~jmpazos/dicofon/
Evaluation Of Effect Of Drilling Fluids On Wellbore Stability
Authors: KARAKUL Hasan
Published: December 2022

Wellbore stability evaluation is one of the important applications of rock mechanics and should be regarded to prevent instabilities that may develop in the wells for various reasons (such as complex field conditions, interaction between rock and drilling fluid, directional drilling etc.). The saturation of rocks by drilling fluids causes significant changes on mechanical properties of rocks. However the level of these variations may be changed due to drilling fluid compositions. In this study, the effect of these variations on wellbore stability was examined for different well profiles. In order to assess the effect of saturation on stability of wellbores, three different drilling fluid compositions (bentonite, KCl and polymer based muds) were considered. The results of assessment suggested that the saturation by bentonite and KCl based drilling fluids create adverse effect on critical fracture and collapse pressures. However the pressure values determined as a result of saturation by polymer based drilling fluid are close to those obtained for dry condition. It should be also stated that the range of mud pressure ensuring the stability of wellbore is also significantly affected by variation of collapse and fracture pressures calculated under drilling fluid saturation.
Robust and reliable epicenter determinations: Envelope processing of local network data
Authors: Husebye Eystein S. , Ruud Bent O. , Dainty Anton M.
Published: December 2022

Local event recordings are complex in the sense that relevant P and S phases vary in an unpredictable manner even between closely spaced stations; thus, manual analysis of such records is still commonplace. Our approach to solving this long-standing problem of observational seismology is to bandpass filter (3 to 6 Hz) to ensure good signal-to-noise ratio SNR and then form envelopes to ensure simple signals across a seismograph network. The physical basis is that Pg and Lg are crustal wave-guide phases reflecting P- and S-energy propagation. Extensive tests on envelope analysis of local records from different areas found that arrival times of the maxima of Pg and Lg envelopes increase very consistently with distance even in different tectonic regimes, typical velocities being 6.1 and 3.5 km/sec, respectively. These arrival-time parameters are easy to extract in a semi-automatic manner and are highly suitable for local epicenter determinations. Extensive tests on locating mining explosions were conducted, and on average, the “envelope” location errors relative to “true” locations were similar to those in bulletins that are based on conventional phase pickings. Occasionally, the Pg/Pn envelope may be very weak but can be replaced by the easily pickable (non-envelope) Pn phase. Additional advantages with envelope locations are transportability (not overly sensitive to details of crustal structure), and that envelope amplitudes can be directly converted to ground motion and magnitudes. For modern stations, envelopes can be formed in situ with low sampling rates of 1 to 2 Hz, thus greatly reducing transmission costs.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices among clinically exposed medical students and interns towards COVID-19 vaccine in a tertiary care hospital, Kanyakumari district: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Anisha S. , Agnes Golda Priyadarshini G. , Suseela Supriya Selvakumar , Ganesh V.
Published: December 2022

Background: Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved against coronavirus disease and its distribution to different countries. The study is mainly done to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice among clinically exposed medical students and interns toward COVID-19 vaccine.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2022 in a tertiary care hospital. Using questionnaires, the knowledge, attitude, and practice among medical students and interns were assessed, and they were then analysed and categorised accordingly. Then the students were given awareness regarding COVID-19 vaccine.Results: The questionnaires were distributed among students and interns, and responses were collected. A total number of participants (n=300), out of which the majority of responders were second-year students 89 (29.6%). Overall, 39.75% had high-grade knowledge, 43.5% had a positive attitude and 37.5% had good practice regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. The results show that 81.2% of interns had high-grade knowledge, 76.6% possess a positive attitude and 71.9% of good practice and preventive measures towards COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusions: Our study concludes that there were certain gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice among second and third-year medical students when compared with final-year medical students and interns.
Concept of Yogic / Panchgavya diet and holistic health
Authors: Pal Ajay , Medharthi Neeraj , Saini Anuradha , Yadav Sapna , Kumari Anuj , Pandit Nikita
Published: December 2022

Health is a positive concept accentuating social and personal assets as well as physical and psychological aptitudes. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) health is defined as a “state of complete mental, physical, and social well-being and not only the abseeeism of disease or disability. Health brings “broadness”- nothing is missing from the person; it brings “proper functions”-everything is working proficientl. According to modern science the gross (physical) body is made up of packets of energy. The ancient scripture taitiraya upaniñad has mentioned that physical body is made of annam and the annam is called food; which consist of païcamahäbhüta. From many of the Scriptural and Scientific evidences it is clear that among all the diet pattern Panchgavya diet suits very well to human body for achieving Holistic Health.
Stress relieving activity of Withania Somnifera
Authors: Shivananjappa Mahesh , Vani K M , Manasa R , Santosha D U
Published: December 2022

is a valuable medicinal plant in the Solanaceae family. It is commonly known as Indian ginseng, Winter Cherry and is widely distributed around the globe. The plant is used traditional for its ameliorative properties against a human medical condition like cancer, diabetes, asthma, hypertension, stress, etc. Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain or tension, which can lead to underperformance and adverse clinical changes. is considered a potent adaptogen and anti-stress agent that could have some potential to improve physical and mental condition of a person. This review mainly focuses on anti-stress property of .
Employee Trust and Performance Constraints in Public Sector Organizations
Authors: Keefer Philip , Vlaicu Razvan
Published: December 2022

Theory suggests that employee trust is key to productivity in organizations, but empirical evidence documenting links between trust and constraints on performance is scarce. This paper analyzes self-collected data on public sector employees from eighteen Latin American countries and finds that individual-level trust is relevant to three types of performance factors. First, high-trust employees are more willing to collaborate and share information with coworkers and are more supportive of technological innovation. Second, high-trust respondents have different perceptions of organizational constraints: they are less concerned with low staff quality or lack of discretion to innovate, and more concerned with staff shortages. Third, trust in coworkers is associated with stronger mission motivation. Instrumental variable strategies based on the transmission of trust through social and professional channels account for potential sources of endogeneity. A survey experiment on preferences for social distancing policies provides further evidence that trust enhances mission motivation: employee policy preferences align better with the implied government policy when their trust in the public sector is higher.
Does Gender and Sexual Diversity Lead to Greater Conflict in the School?
Authors: Frisancho Verónica , Herrera Alejandro , Nakasone Eduardo
Published: December 2022

Diversity in gender identity and sexual orientation challenges traditional institutions, social norms, and gendered stereotypes. This may translate into greater levels of conflict in society. Using data from 95 middle and high schools in Uruguay, we exploit plausibly exogenous variation in the share of LGBT students across classrooms and estimate its impact on the prevalence of psychological, physical, and sexual violence in the school. On average, we do not find support for a strong link between the share of LGBT students in the classroom and the prevalence of violence, yet we show that there are gendered effects of greater diversity: a larger share of LGBT students in the classroom is associated with greater levels of psychological and physical violence among LGBT girls.
Policy Support and Firm Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Galindo Arturo , Tovar Jorge
Published: December 2022

The pandemic hit the Colombian economy as hard as other countries. Using a novel Business Pulse Survey, this paper tests the effect of government support and COVID-19 cases on firms performance. A one-standard-deviation increase in government support (in periods in which the pandemics intensity was average) increased the percentage of firms reporting normal operations by 4.8 percent. Political demonstrations in spring 2021, however, reduced the percentage by 13 percent each month they lasted. Firms' financial distress also counters the impact of government support, suggesting the need to ease firms' access to financial markets. Last, we show that investing in digital solutions improved firms' performance but remote work degraded it.
A Personal View On “Studia Polonijne”
Authors: Walewander Edward
Published: December 2022

This article presents the recollections of Rev. Edward Walewander, an employee and director of the Institute of Research on the Polish Diaspora and Polish Ministry at the Catholic University of Lublin in the years 1990-2005, as well as a long-time editor of the journal “Studia Polonijne”. The author presents a brief history of the journal and characterises the development of its scientific profile over the years. The text offers a special summary of almost 50 years of publishing activity of the Institute, and now the Research Centre on the Polish Diaspora and the Polish Ministry at the Catholic University of Lublin.
The Oskar Halecki Institute in Canada. Veritas et Ratio
Authors: Jabłoński Aleksander M.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this article is to present the activity of the Oskar Halecki Institute in Canada, founded in 2014, which continues the work of the Polish Scientific Institute in Canada established in 1942. The past activities of Polish scientific circles in Ottawa since the 1960s, and the reasons for the establishment of the OHI are presented as a historical background. The purpose of the Institute is to promote knowledge about Poland, to foster the development of the national identity of the Polish community, and to share Polish historical thought and the richness of Polish culture through the organisation of meetings and lectures as well as events that activate the Polish community in Ottawa, also in collaboration with other organisations gathering people of Polish and other European descents. The Institute’s scientific activity also includes research into the history and culture of Canadians with Polish roots.
Exile Materialities and Their Brushstrokes of Colour
Authors: Rivera Francisco
Published: December 2022

Urban odonyms and public art that refer to the Chilean dictatorship (1973–1990) are artifacts within the cultural landscapes of Toronto, Laval, and Montreal. As commemorative material devices, I suggest odonyms and public art offer a symbolic way to cope with the experience of exile. Furthermore, these artifacts create social relations between Chilean exiles and Canadian urban spaces that contribute to forming a foreign community and define their present and future. Using a series of photographs, I chronicle the memorialization in Canada of a traumatic period in recent Chilean history.
Truth, Lies, and Audio Files: A Conflict Across Reputational and Convivial Domains
Authors: Taha Maisa C.
Published: December 2022

Conviviality (convivencia), a rubric for peaceable coexistence across cultural and ethnoracial differences, has been promoted as a multifaceted educational priority in contemporary Spain, although the stakes of tolerance and civility mean quite different things for pupils of autochthonous and immigrant backgrounds. For some Moroccan youth attending school in the agricultural southeast, experiences with xenophobia and racialized exclusion have made them both fierce critics and defenders of convivial precepts. At one secondary school, questions about convivial protocols became especially pressing in the wake of accusations against several Moroccan girls for stealing sandwiches from a disabled peer. A confrontation between three of them was captured on a digital audio recorder and, in tandem with interview and observational data, suggested that convivial priorities had been pushed aside in favour of reputational attacks and disciplinary punishments. The juxtaposition of convivial ideals against reputational dynamics shows that competing logics of communicative entitlement undergirded the conflict. And in the girls’ various attempts to absolve themselves, imputations about moral character and social affiliations pointed to the need for fuller consideration of conviviality as a relational concept.
Introduction au numéro thématique Dignité, convivialité et contestations morales d’appartenance
Authors: Taha Maisa C.
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Nourishing the Body, Disenfranchising the Spirit: Convivial Hospitality, Dignity, and Commensality in a Presbyterian Church in Toronto
Authors: Davidson Lisa
Published: December 2022

Within the multicultural and multiracial city of Toronto Ontario, the space of the church is a place for racialized and white Presbyterian women to negotiate convivial hospitality, dignity, and notions of the good life. I use the concept of convivial hospitality to show how conviviality aligns with Christian hospitality when it centres on people’s will for spiritual and physical wellbeing through their relationships and interactions with others. This article focuses on the affective labour involved in the preparation of church community dinners, which were developed and organized by older, racialized Presbyterian women. Meal-time preparations are moments when convivial hospitality emerges among racialized women who pass the time by sharing their food, memories, and life stories, thus affirming a sense of dignity and belonging. Conviviality, however, takes an inhospitable turn when racialized women are subjected to undignified sociality. In exploring times when white Presbyterian women assisted with the community meals, the manner of their help coopted and disenfranchised racialized women from their service to the church and to God. What emerges is convivial inhospitality as racialized churchgoers are subjected to hierarchal interactions, making them feel like outsiders within their own church; yet, in caring for the wellbeing of white congregants to maintain social harmony and congregational unity, they tolerate the status quo which they see as Christian convivial hospitality.
A Comparative Study of the "Tasrif" Verses in the Holy Quran in Al-Mizan and Majma Al-Bayan Commentaries
Authors: Zare Zardini Ahmad , Ansari Moghaddam Mojtaba
Published: December 2022

The Holy Qur'an, the last divine book, has conveyed meaning in various ways. One of the Qur'anic modes of conveying meaning is the "Tasrif" method. In fact, "Tasrif" is the expression and transmission of a meaning in different ways. It is meant that Allah Almighty expresses a meaning in different ways. Understanding the method of these expressions has a great impact on a better and clearer understanding of the Holy Quran. The present study is a comparative-descriptive-analytical study that examines the verses of "Tasrif" in the Holy Quran from the perspective of two great commentary ie: Al-Mizan and Majma Al-Bayan. Ten verses of the Holy Qur'an refer to the "Tasrif" method. Including: (Al-An'am/ 46; Al-An'am/ 65; Al-An'am/ 105; Al-A'raf/ 58; Al-Isra/ 41; Al-Isra/ 89; Al-Kahf/ 54; Taha/ 113; Al-Furqan/ 50; Al-Ahqaf/ 27). By relying on these verses you can see that "tasrif" is of two kinds; in the nature (divine creature) and in the divine book. "Tasrif" in divine book is of two kindes: the etymological "tasrif" and the semantic "tasrif". These two scholars have suggested benefits for the "tasrif" style. Including: Learn from the meaning of the verses of the Qur'an, No excuse for people, To avoid false thoughts, To think, To understand the truth, To avoid sin, Thanks to divine blessings, And most importantly they worship God And finally return from disbelief.
Translating Ambivalent Sexist Attitudes toward Women in Pulau Buru Quartet: An Appraisal Theory Approach
Authors: Yumrohtun Yumrohtun , Nababan Mangatur Rudolf , Santosa Riyadi
Published: December 2022

Indonesian classic literary works culturally represent ambivalent sexist attitudes toward women. Instead of campaign againts sexism in most of countries, the novelist directly or indirectly plays role in the case of spreading out sexism. The track record of Indonesian literary works in wide world literature exposes that Pulau Buru quartet written by Pramoedya Ananta Toer has obtained special attention by readers over the globe. It has been translated into more than 40 foreign languages. Due to the phenomena, the research is conducted to examine how the translator translates the utterances which contain ambivalent sexist attitutes toward women in English version. The research is focused on analyzing the application of translation techniques and the impact to its translation quality. The results reveals that translator shows a contradictive attitudinal positioning. It means that the translator both takes it for granted and retains ambivalent sexist attitudes in the target text. Simultaneously, the translator attempts to make censorship for the issues. It is evidently reflected by the application of translation techniques. Both of translator’s decisions dealing with the choice of applying translation techniques impacts its translation quality. Therefore, it is product oriented translation research. Consequently, it needs futher research to dig up the translator’s reasons dealing with the absence and existence of ambivalent sexist attitudes in the target text.
Effect of Financial Performance on Stock Price with Return on Assets as an Intervening Variable in State-Owned Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Kusumaningrum Desy Rinaningtyas , Iramani Iramani
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study is to examine the significant effect of financial performance on stock price with Return on Assets (ROA) as an intervening variable in state-owned banks. This is an explanatory research. The research population is Indonesian banking industry owned by the government, namely the State-Owned Commercial Bank (SOE). The 4 (four) banks involved as the sample among other PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk, PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, and PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk. The test results showed that Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratio does not have a significant negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) ratio does not have a significant positive effect on Return on Assets (ROA), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) ratio does not have a significant positive effect on Return on Assets (ROA), Operating Expenses toward Operating Income (OEOI) has a significant negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA), BI Rate has a significant positive effect on Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant positive effect on the return of stock price.