bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-relação saúde meio ambiente: análise do conhecimento de profissionais que atuam na rede pública de saúde
Authors: Rafael Everton Tumilheiro , Gouveia Jessica Martins de , Santos Renata Cristina Schmidt
Published: September 2018

Resumo: Este projeto busca verificar o conhecimento de profissionais graduados na rede pública de saúde, com relação aos aspectos ambientais e suas possíveis intervenções na saúde humana e verificar as suas autoavaliações nesta temática. O presente trabalho constitui-se de uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de busca ativa de profissionais da Rede Pública de Saúde da zona sul da Grande São Paulo, utilizando-se, para este estudo, a técnica de “Snowball”. Achou-se necessária a discussão dos resultados, dividindo-se por duas categorias profissionais que representaram o maior número de entrevistados, enfermeiros e médicos. Houve diferenças de opinião das duas categorias profissionais de maiores representações nesta pesquisa, sendo que essas diferenças se devem principalmente à relatividade da Moradia Insalubre e Alterações Ambientais Globais com as possíveis doenças e lesões que pode desencadear. Este trabalho apresenta alguns profissionais que descartaram a possibilidade das relações de muitas doenças para com os fatores ambientais, contraditoriamente à Organização Mundial da Saúde. Visto a evidente dificuldade na associação de fatores ambientais com doenças e lesões e com respeito à conceituação de termos ambientais, necessita-se de incentivos e realizações de capacitações especializadas nesta temática, promovendo a reciclagem do conhecimento de profissionais da rede pública de saúde.Palavras-chaves: Saúde Pública; Saúde Ambiental; Meio Ambiente.Abstract: This project seeks to verify the knowledge of graduated professionals from the public health network about the environmental aspects and possible interventions in human health and check their self-assessments on this topic. This paper presents a descriptive exploratory search with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through active search for professionals in the Public Health in the south zone of São Paulo, using, for this study, the technique of “Snowball”. Found it necessary to discuss the results dividing it by two professional categories that represented the largest number of respondents, nurses and doctors. There were differences of opinion between the two biggest categories of professionals in this research, which are mainly due to relativity of Unhealthy Housing and Global Environmental Changes with possible illnesses and injuries that they can initiate. In this work were presented some professionals who have discarded relations for many diseases with environmental factors, contradictorily those recommended by WHO. Seeing the obvious difficulty in the association of environmental factors with diseases and injuries and with respect to the concept of environmental terms, it requires incentives and achievements of specialized skills in this subject promoting the public health network professionals’ recycling of knowledge.Keywords: Public Health, Environmental Health, Environment.
A utilização de um jogo didático no ensino aprendizagem de relações ecológicas
Authors: Rodrigues Eglie , Duarte Enios Carlos , Penitente Leandro Antônio Ferreira , Mayworm Marco Aurélio Sivero
Published: September 2018

Resumo: A forma unidirecional pela qual o conhecimento é transmitido torna o aluno apenas ouvinte, gerando assim, o desinteresse em relação ao aprendizado. Partindo desta premissa, desenvolvemos um Jogo Didático junto ao Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) que visa corroborar com a qualidade do ensino em biologia; o jogo aborda o tema “Relações Ecológicas”, onde o aluno participa da construção do seu conhecimento junto ao professor regente. O jogo “Passa ou Repassa da Biologia” foi confeccionado e testado em uma escola pública da zona sul de São Paulo, onde 130 alunos participaram de três etapas da intervenção didática (Pré-Teste, Jogo e Pós-Teste). A utilização do jogo proporcionou aos alunos uma melhor compreensão do conteúdo de relações ecológicas, bem como mostrou ser uma ferramenta que contribui positivamente para o processo de ensino aprendizagem.Palavras-chave: Relações Ecológicas; Jogo Didático; Ensino Aprendizagem.Abstract: When knowledge is transmitted only in a unidirectional way targeted students tend not to fully interact and are consequently and as listeners just partially involved, thus generating lack of interest in learning. Starting from this premise, we developed a didactic game with the Teaching Initiation Scholarship Institutional Program (PIBID) designed to corroborate the quality of education in biology. Th e game deals with the theme ‘’Ecological Relations’’, where each student takes part in the construction of knowledge together with the classroom teacher. Th e game ‘’Passa ou Repassa da Biologia” was made and tested in a public school in the south of Sao Paulo city (Sao Paulo State, Brazil), where 130 students participated in three stages of didactic intervention (Pre-Test, Game and Post-Test). Th e use of the game gave students a better understanding of the content of ecological relations and proved to be a tool that contributes positively to the process of teaching and learning.Keywords: Ecological Relations; Educational Game; Teaching Learning.
Inovação sustentável: quais ações tornam as empresas inovadoras e sustentáveis em destaques no mercado global
Authors: Unglaub Delton Lehr , Simprini Eduardo
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar os fatores que permitiram empresas a se destacarem em ambos os ramos da inovação e da sustentabilidade. A pesquisa consistiu em analisar as práticas de empresas que obtiveram destaque global nos quesitos de sustentabilidade e inovação corporativa. Foram realizadas quatro etapas: 1) coleta de dados sobre a classificação (ranking) de empresas mais sustentáveis e de empresas mais inovadoras no mundo, 2) comparação entre ambas as classificações, 3) análise quantitativa das classificações e 4) análises qualitativas das informações obtidas nos sites das empresas inovadoras e sustentáveis. As principais contribuições deste estudo foram: a) a verificação da utilização de inovação para alcançar resultados expressivos no desenvolvimento sustentável e b) a confirmação da importância de inovar em processos e produtos sustentáveis para que as organizações ofertem novidades ao mercado, além de causarem um impacto em seu processo produtivo e no ambiente em que estão inseridas.
Lucro real x lucro presumido: um estudo de caso no setor da construção civil
Authors: Quagliato João Daniel , Gonçalves Liliane Lopes
Published: September 2018

Devido à elevada carga tributária existente no Brasil, as empresas buscam soluções para reduzir o peso dos tributos sobre o custo de seus produtos e serviços, de maneira que possam manter-se atuantes de forma competitiva nomercado altamente concorrido. Uma dessas soluções é a análise tributária, quevisa identificar quais tributos deverão ser pagos e como podem ser minimizados,possibilitando reduzir os custos de produção, administração e comercializaçãoe, consequentemente, elevar os lucros da empresa. O trabalho utilizou-se do método exploratório-descritivo e natureza quanti-qualitativa, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar se a alteração do regime de tributação do Lucro Real Trimestral para o Lucro Presumido foi uma decisão acertada financeiramente para uma empresa do setor da construção civil, localizada em Monte Sião (MG). Para tal, foram analisados os anos de 2013 e 2014, em que a opção de regime tributário era o Lucro Real Trimestral, enquanto que no ano de 2015 os gestores decidiram alterar o regime, passando para o Lucro Presumido. Foram abordados os conceitos relativos à tributação conforme a legislação tributária nacional vigente. Os dados foram obtidos, sobretudo, das demonstrações contábeis e de documentos como balanço patrimonial e planilhas, disponibilizados pela contabilidade da empresa pesquisada. Este estudo possibilitou obter resultados que identificaram que o regime tributário que, comprovadamente, reduz custos relativos aos tributos é o Lucro Presumido, nos respectivos anos considerados, 2013 e 2014. Devido à política da empresa, os dados referentes ao ano-calendário de 2015 não foram concedidos, porém, se a empresa se mantiver nos mesmos padrões de receita, custos e despesas, provavelmente reduzirá a carga tributária, portanto, notou-se que foi uma decisão assertiva alcançando uma redução do ônus tributário.
Um estudo sobre a prevenção de fraude contábil em uma empresa de comércio exterior
Authors: Pereira Viviane Fernandes , Santos Adilson Das Neves , Da Rocha Luis Fernando
Published: September 2018

A Contabilidade tem o propósito de fornecer informações úteis e tempestivas para a tomada de decisões de forma plena e adequada. Porém, a sociedade tem observado escândalos relacionados à fraude, como adulteração, manipulação e omissão de dados/fatos. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se os procedimentos utilizados para a prevenção de fraude contábil em uma empresa de comércio exterior são suficientes para impossibilitar a sua ocorrência. Utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, exploratória e qualitativa, o questionário em escala Likert foi aplicado em cinco profissionais da área contábil, cinco do fiscal e três do controle interno. Verificou-se que existem significativas falhas no que discerne aos controles primordiais para prevenção de fraudes, e que os níveis hierárquicos, em várias ocasiões, não indicam trabalhar/operar adequadamente, em razão das opiniões divergentes em relação à questões primordiais para a empresa. A fraude em si não foi detectada, mas existem muitas lacunas para que a mesma ocorra.
Âncoras de carreiras e gerações - ingressantes e egressos numa IES
Authors: Maciel Adayne Candido , Monberger Alan Aquino , Dos Reis Thompson Augusto , Cremonezi Graziela Graziano Oste
Published: September 2018

O propósito deste estudo teve como finalidade correlacionar as gerações e as âncoras de carreiras ilustradas por Edgar H. Schein. As informações estatísticas geradas beneficiaram os membros participantes, a Instituição estudada e as organizações que compõem a Região Metropolitana de Campinas (RMC). A pesquisa fora aplicada em dois grupos de alunos, sendo eles ingressos e egressos do curso de Administração, do Centro Universtiário Adventista de São Paulo (Unasp), em Hortolândia, em que, por meio de 267 alunos, foi permitida a identificação do perfil mais predominante frente às gerações X, Y e Z. Os resultados apresentados indicam que, independente das gerações, a âncora de carreira mais frequente é o estilo de vida, o que apresenta que os futuros profissionais estão em busca de não somente manter uma relação fiel com o mundo profissional, mas também no âmbito famíliar, saúde e lazer — o verdadeiro equilibrista. Para assuntos subsequentes, pode-se abordar as diferenças entre os níveis de perfis dos alunos ingressantes e egressos estudados, e como os fatores sociais podem contribuir para com estes resultados.
Parents’ and Students’ Attitudes Toward Tablet Integration in Schools
Authors: Zhu Sha , Yang Harrison Hao , MacLeod Jason , Shi Yinghui , Wu Di
Published: September 2018

This study explored parents’ and students’ attitudes toward tablet usage in a formal educational setting. A total of 212 students from four 7th-grade classes, along with 145 of their parents, responded to the Tablet Acceptance Questionnaire. Quantitative methods including a t-test and partial least square (PLS) analyses were employed to examine students’ and parents’ attitudes toward tablet integration in schools, and to investigate factors influencing students’ and parents’ attitudes toward tablet usage, respectively. The results indicated significant differences between students’ and parents’ attitudes. Empirical findings suggested students hold more positive views than their parents with regard to tablet usage, tablet benefits for learning, and technical advantages and ease of use. Conversely, parents expressed greater concern over potential negative effects of tablet usage in education than do their children. This study also suggested educational benefits of tablet usage were the key factor influencing both students’ and parents’ attitudes. Based on the cross-examined understanding of parents’ and students’ attitudes, suggestions for large scale tablet initiatives are proposed.
“Doing the courses without stopping my life”: Time in a professional Master’s program
Authors: Oliphant Tami , Branch-Mueller Jennifer
Published: September 2018

This study investigates how time intersects with student learning in Canada’s first, and only, Master of Library and Information Studies (MLIS) in an online teaching and learning stream.  Thirty-two students responded to a survey that asked about their experiences, perceptions, and challenges after their first year of the program.  Descriptive statistics and NVIVO 10 were used to analyze survey responses and to develop themes through open coding.  The findings indicate that time shapes students’ decisions to pursue the MLIS online, their perception of what the degree might mean for their future, their experience in the program, the quality of their relationships, and their learning.  The perceived flexibility of the MLIS program was incredibly important to students.  However, the majority of students described themselves as “time poor” and many students underestimated the time commitment necessary to complete the program, to manage coursework, and to build and maintain relationships with others.
Troubleshooters for Tasks of Introductory Programming MOOCs
Authors: Lepp Marina , Palts Tauno , Luik Piret , Papli Kaspar , Suviste Reelika , Säde Merilin , Hollo Kaspar , Vaherpuu Vello , Tõnisson Eno
Published: September 2018

Learning programming has become more and more popular and organizing introductory massive open online courses (MOOCs) on programming can be one way to bring this education to the masses. While programming MOOCs usually use automated assessment to give feedback on the submitted code, the lack of understanding of certain aspects of the tasks and feedback given by the automated assessment system can be one persistent problem for many participants. This paper introduces troubleshooters, which are help systems, structured like decision trees, for giving hints and examples of certain aspects of the course tasks. The goal of this paper is to give an overview of usability (benefits and dangers) of, and the participants’ feedback on, using troubleshooters. Troubleshooters have been used from the year 2016 in two different programming MOOCs for adults in Estonia. These MOOCs are characterized by high completion rates (50–70%), which is unusual for MOOCs. Data is gathered from the learning analytics integrated into the troubleshooters’ environment, letters from the participants, questionnaires, and tasks conducted through the courses. As it was not compulsory to use troubleshooters, the results indicate that only 19.8% of the users did not use troubleshooters at all and 10% of the participants did not find troubleshooters helpful at all. The main difference that appeared is that the number of questions asked from the organizers about the programming tasks during the courses via helpdesk declined about 29%.
Critical Factors of the Adoption of e-Textbooks: A Comparison Between Experienced and Inexperienced Users
Authors: Hung Wei-Hsi , Hsieh Pei-Hsuan , Huang Yao-De
Published: September 2018

The use of e-textbooks has become popular in certain countries, yet there is debate in the literature about whether it is advantageous to adopt e-textbooks and if they positively influence students’ learning and performance. Prior studies on the acceptance of e-textbooks were mainly based on one theoretical perspective, and did not differentiate samples between experienced and inexperienced users. From a social- and task-related view, this study aims to identify the critical factors that stimulate acceptance intentions of e-textbooks among tertiary students, particularly between experienced and inexperienced users. Based on 912 questionnaires, this study found that performance expectancy, perceived enjoyment, and perceived task-technology fit are the factors affecting students’ behavioral intention for acceptance in both sampling groups. However, social impact only has significant influence on acceptance intention of inexperienced users. Also, gender has a moderating effect on the relationship of performance expectancy and behavioral intention of inexperienced users only. This study provides useful implications for marketing e-textbooks, and fills the literature gap.
Atomic Structure and Binding of Carbon Atoms
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: September 2018

Many studies deal synthesis of carbon because of its versatility but lack the arresting of understanding at convincing and compelling levels. A binding energy shape-like parabola is linked to state of handing over electron to state of taking over at each opposite-side of the atom maintaining the equilibrium of resulting new state of the carbon atom. Through this mechanism of transferring electrons for the gas state carbon atom, it converts into graphitic state, nanotube state, fullerene state, diamond state, lonsdaleite state and graphene state carbon atom. Exerting forces to relevant poles of transferring electrons work neutral to attain specific state of their carbon atom. Structure evolutions in graphitic, nanotube and fullerene state carbon atoms are remained one-dimensional, two-dimensional and four-dimensional, respectively, where energy shape-like parabola is involved along the relevant quadrant for transferring electron(s) where neutral behavior of exerting forces is engaged. A graphite structure when develops under attained dynamics of atoms and their binding is under a bit difference of involved opposite pole forces, it develops in two-dimensional also. Evolution of structure in diamond, lonsdaleite and graphene state carbon atoms is under the involvement of potential energy of electrons as per their undertaking the infinitesimal displacements, thus, engaging their relevant poles exerting forces in the orientationally-controlled manner. Growth of diamond is south to ground, but binding of atoms is ground to south, so, it is a tetra-electrons ground to south topological structure. Lonsdaleite is a bi-electrons ground to just-south topological structure. Growth of graphene is just-north to ground but binding of atoms is ground to just-north, so, it is a tetra-electrons ground to just-north topological structure. Glassy carbon is related to a layered-topological structure where successive tri-layers of gas, graphitic and lonsdaleite state atoms bind in the repetitive manner. In glassy carbon, pair of orientated electrons of gas and lonsdaleite state carbon atoms undertake another clamping of pair of unfilled energy knots by entering from the rear-side and front-side, respectively, to bind to intermediate layers of graphitic state atoms. Different carbon atoms develop amorphous structures when they bind under frustrating amalgamation. Hardness of carbon-based materials is also sketched in the light of different force-energy behaviors of different state carbon atoms. Here, structure evolution in each carbon state atom explores its own science.
On closure problem of incompressible turbulent flow
Authors: SUN BOHUA
Published: September 2018

This paper attempts to clarify an issue regarding the lasting unsolved problem of turbulence, namely the closure problem. This study shows that all perspectives regarding the numbers of un- known quantities in the Reynolds turbulence equations stem from the misunderstandings of physics of the Reynolds stress tensor. The current literatures have a consensus that the Reynolds stress tensor has six unknowns; however, this study shows that the Reynolds stress tensor actually has only three ones, namely the three components of fluctuation velocity. With this new understanding, the closed turbulence equations for incompressible flows are proposed.
Motion Superpixels for Temporal Video Classification
Authors: Yudistira Novanto , Kurita Takio
Published: September 2018

Superpixels are a representation of still images as pixel grids because of their more meaningful information compared with atomic pixels. However, their usefulness for video classification has been given little attention. In this paper, rather than using spatial RGB values as low-level features, we use optical flows mapped into hue-saturation-value (HSV) space to capture rich motion features over time. We introduce motion superpixels, which are superpixels generated from flow fields. After mapping flow fields into HSV space, independent superpixels are formed by iteration of seeded regions. Every grid of a motion superpixel is tracked over time using nearest neighbors in the histogram of flow (HOF) for consecutive flow fields. To define the temporal representation, the evolution of three features within the superpixel region, namely the HOF, HOG, and the center of superpixel mass are used as descriptors. The bag of features algorithm is used to quantify final features, and generalized histogram-kernel support vector machines are used as learning algorithms. We evaluate the proposed superpixel tracking on first-person videos and action sports videos.
Flying-fox Heat Event Response Guidelines SEQ
Authors: Bishop Tania , Lyons Rachel
Published: September 2018

Flying-fox populations are increasingly threatened by heat events, starvation events and other stressors due to habitat clearing and human/flying-fox conflict.These factors are unlikely to resolve, meaning that a well-coordinated and timely approach to flying-fox disasters is imperative for the mitigation of further flying-fox population impacts.
Measurement of High Numerical Aperture Cylindrical Surface with Iterative Stitching Algorithm
Authors: Chen Dingfu , Peng Junzheng , Valyukh Sergiy , Asundi Anand , Yu Yingjie
Published: September 2018

There are some limitations in the null test measurement in the stitching interferometry. In order to meet the null test conditions, the moving distance between the sub-apertures often deviates from the theoretical preset distance, which leads to a position deviation of sub-apertures under measurements. To overcome this problem, an algorithm for data processing is proposed. We used iterative calculation of the deviations between the sub-apertures to adjust their positions, to ensure the local validity of the linear approximation algorithm and realize the exact stitching. A cylindrical lens as an object for experimental examination of the proposed method was taken. The obtained results demonstrate the validity, reliability and feasibility of our iterative stitching algorithm.
A Generalized Fractional Power Series for Solving a Class of Nonlinear Fractional Integro-Differential Equation
Authors: Thanompolkrang Sirunya , Poltem Duangkamol
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we investigate an analytical solution of a class of nonlinear fractional integro-differential equation base on a generalized fractional power series expansion. The fractional derivatives are described in the conformable's type. The new approach is a modified form of the well-known Taylor series expansion. The illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method
Implementation of Florida Long Term Care Emergency Preparedness Portal Web Site, 2015–2017
Authors: Blake Sarah C. , Hawley Jonathan N. , Henkel April G. , Howard David H.
Published: September 2018

We built an online emergency preparedness Web site for Florida nursing homes after an earlier study revealed gaps in information and a lack of available preparedness resources for long-term care providers. The Long Term Care Emergency Preparedness Portal ( www.ltcprepare.org ) was launched in January 2015. We assessed its use and sought suggestions for improvement. Findings indicate that long-term care providers in Florida regularly use the Web site, and they welcome the opportunity to further leverage technology to aid their disaster planning.
Rice Aboveground Nitrogen Content, Development, and Yield as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Flood Timing
Authors: Richmond Tyler L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Hardke J. T. , Roberts Trenton L. , Norman R. J.
Published: September 2018

Delaying fertilizer N and flooding delays maturity of drilled, delayed flood rice.

Delaying the permanent flood may increase uptake of native soil N in some soils.

The optimal preflood N and flood timing window is narrowest on the most N‐deficient soil.

Urea fertilizer is typically applied near the five‐leaf stage to rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in a dry‐seeded, delayed‐flood production system. How long the preflood N can be delayed without adversely effecting yield is poorly understood. We examined the effects of delaying preflood N application and flooding on rice growth, aboveground N content, heading date, yield components, and grain yield. Trials were established on silt loam soils at the Pine Tree Research Station (PTRS) and Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC) during 2015 and 2016 and included up to five cultivars. Urea was applied at 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg N ha−1 on five to seven different dates with applications beginning near the three‐leaf stage and ranging from 127 to 1035 growing degree units (GDU) among five site‐years (PTRS‐2015a, PTRS‐2015b, PTRS‐2016, RREC‐2015, RREC‐2016). Aboveground N content increased by 25 to 59 kg N ha−1 as N fertilization and flooding were delayed at PTRS‐2015a, PTRS‐2016, and RREC‐2016 due to increased uptake of soil N. Preflood N fertilization and flooding time had no effect on grain yield at the RREC. At the PTRS, relative grain yield of rice receiving no fertilizer N increased from 20 to 41% of the maximum yield as fertilization and flooding were delayed. Maximal relative yield (91%) was produced when fertilization and flooding were performed between 164 and 531 GDU and declined to 62% by 1035 GDU at PTRS. Delaying preflood N fertilization beyond 531 GDU may reduce grain yield on some silt loam soils.
A Global Meta‐Analysis to Predict Atrazine Sorption from Soil Properties
Authors: Ou Ling , Gannon Travis W. , Arellano Consuelo , Polizzotto Matthew L.
Published: September 2018

Atrazine (2‐chloro‐4‐ethylamino‐6‐isopropylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine) is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide, and groundwater contamination is of concern, especially in heavily used regions and in edaphic conditions prone to leaching. Soil sorption plays an essential role in atrazine environmental fate, yet consistent atrazine risk prediction remains limited. A quantitative meta‐analysis was conducted to characterize the effect of soil properties on atrazine sorption, using 378 previous observations in 48 publications from 1985 to 2015 globally, which included data on soil properties and sorption parameters. A supplemental regional study was conducted to test the derived meta‐analysis models. The meta‐analysis indicated that percentage organic C (OC) was the most important parameter for estimating atrazine sorption, followed by percentage silt, soil pH, and percentage clay. Meta‐analysis and supplemental study models were developed for Freundlich sorption coefficients (Kf) and sorption distribution coefficients (Kd) as a function of OC. The global meta‐analysis models generated positive linear trends for OC with Kf and Kd (R2 = 0.197 and 0.205, respectively). Organic C was highly correlated with Kf and Kd in supplemental experimental study models (R2 = 0.93 and 0.92, respectively), indicating accurate prediction of sorption within the evaluated region. Continental models were investigated, which improved the goodness of fit. Models developed via meta‐analysis may be used to predict atrazine sorption over wide ranges of data, whereas more accurate and refined prediction can be achieved by specific regional models through experimental studies. However, such models could be improved if standardized agroclimatic conditions, soil classification, and other key variables were more widely reported.

Core Ideas

Meta‐analysis quantified soil properties governing atrazine sorption.

Organic C content had the highest correlation with atrazine soil sorption.

Meta‐analysis models showed similar trends to independent experimental results.

Continental and supplemental models improved fit compared with global models.

Standard climate and soil taxonomic data should be reported to optimize models.
Assessing Prediction Models for Different Traits in a Rice Population Derived from a Recurrent Selection Program
Authors: Morais Odilon P. , Breseghello Flávio , Duarte João Batista , Coelho Alexandre S. G. , Borba Tereza C. O. , Aguiar Jordene T. , Neves Péricles C. F. , Morais Orlando P.
Published: September 2018

Genomic selection (GS) is a promising approach to improve rice (Oryza sativa L.) populations by using genome‐wide markers for selection prior to phenotyping to estimate breeding values. In this study, our objectives were to compare certain prediction models with different structures of genetic relationship and statistical approaches for relevant traits in rice and to discuss some implications for integrating GS into a recurrent selection program of irrigated rice. We assessed nine models in terms of predictive potential, using empirical data from S1:3 progenies phenotyped for eight traits with different heritabilities and genotyped with 6174 high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphism markers. For all traits, marker‐based models outperformed prediction based on pedigree records alone. A similar level of accuracy was observed for many models, although the level of prediction stability and prediction bias varied widely. Random forest was slightly superior for less complex traits, although with high prediction bias, whereas the semiparametric RKHS method (reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces) was superior for many traits, showing high stability and low bias. Bayesian variable selection method Bayes Cπ showed acceptable accuracy and stability for several traits and thus could be useful for genomic prediction aiming at persisting accuracy for a long‐term recurrent selection.
A Coupled Soil Water Balance Model for Simulating Depression‐Focused Groundwater Recharge
Authors: Noorduijn Saskia L. , Hayashi Masaki , Mohammed Getachew A. , Mohammed Aaron A.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Ephemeral ponds in depressions are the foci of groundwater recharge in the Canadian Prairies.

Freeze–thaw processes influence snowmelt runoff and depression‐focused recharge.

A new water balance model was developed to represent these processes.

The water balance model successfully simulated the observed soil processes.

This model will provide a tool to estimate recharge in the prairie landscape.

In arid and semiarid environments, focused infiltration of rain and snowmelt water under topographic depressions is an important mechanism of groundwater recharge. Quantifying the aggregated recharge from numerous small depressions is a major challenge in water resource management. Building on field‐based investigations into the surface water–groundwater interaction of individual depressions and their catchments (i.e., uplands) in the Canadian Prairies, we have developed a simple water balance model to simulate groundwater recharge considering the hydrological coupling of a depression–upland system. The model is based on the Versatile Soil Moisture Budget (VSMB), which has been widely used in the Canadian Prairies to simulate soil moisture conditions. We evaluated the new model, VSMB Depression‐Upland System (VSMB‐DUS), using field data consisting of an artificial flooding experiment and long‐term monitoring of a depression in Alberta, Canada. The model captured surface water level, soil moisture, and groundwater responses to the artificial flooding with reasonable accuracy and represented the interannual variability of recharge fluxes during a 5‐yr period (2007–2011), including dry and wet years. Simulated annual recharge varied between 12 and 45 mm, and annual precipitation varied between 453 and 597 mm during the 5‐yr period. The VSMB‐DUS tends to over‐ or underestimate snowmelt runoff in individual years; however, simulated recharge was only slightly affected by the errors in snowmelt runoff estimation. Due to its computational efficiency and robust algorithms, the VSMB‐DUS will provide a useful tool for estimating aggregated recharge in a large‐scale model grid cell containing hundreds of depression‐upland systems.
Student Attitudes Toward Blended Learning in Adult Literacy and Basic Skills College Programs | Attitudes des étudiants envers l’apprentissage mixte dans les programmes collégiaux de formation de base et alphabétisation pour adultes
Authors: Li Jia , Kay Robin , Markovich Louise
Published: September 2018

Literacy and Basic Skills (LBS) programs in many Ontario colleges offer adult learners who have low literacy and basic skills with opportunities to improve their employment skills as well as results on prerequisite courses for entrance into post-secondary education. LBS students encounter many challenges and require extra interpersonal instructional support, which may be overcome through a blended learning approach. Due to limited access to technology in LBS programs, little is known about adult learners’ attitudes toward online learning. This study investigates learners’ attitudes and perceived success in blended learning, and key factors contributing to individual differences. A survey was administered to 149 LBS student participants at three Ontario community colleges, along with interviews conducted with 37 students. The results of correlation and thematic analysis have shown that differences exist in their attitudes between face-to-face and online learning environments, 90% versus 40% positive respectively. Individual differences in their perceptions were found to be associated with their age, time out of formal education, education levels, and computer skills.Les programmes de formation de base et alphabétisation (« FBA ») de nombreux collèges de l’Ontario offrent aux apprenants adultes dont la formation de base et la littératie sont faibles des occasions d’améliorer leur employabilité ainsi que leurs résultats aux cours prérequis pour l’admission aux études postsecondaires. Les étudiants en FBA font face à de nombreux défis et ont besoin de plus de soutien didactique interpersonnel, ce qui peut être surmonté par une approche d’apprentissage mixte. À cause de l’accès limité à la technologie dans les programmes de FBA, on en sait peu sur les attitudes des apprenants adultes quant à l’apprentissage en ligne. Cette étude se penche sur les attitudes des apprenants et sur la perception de la réussite en apprentissage mixte, ainsi que sur les principaux facteurs qui contribuent aux différences individuelles. Cent quarante-neuf étudiants en FBA de trois collèges communautaires en Ontario ont répondu à un sondage, et des entrevues ont été réalisées avec 37 étudiants. Les résultats de l’analyse de corrélation et de l’analyse thématique ont démontré qu’il existe des différences dans leurs attitudes relatives aux environnements d’apprentissage en personne et en ligne, qui sont positives respectivement à 90 % et 40 %. Nous avons relevé que les différences individuelles de perception étaient associées à l’âge, à la durée passée hors de l’éducation formelle, au niveau d’éducation et aux compétences informatiques.
BOŞANMA DURUMUNDA BİRLİKTE (ORTAK) VELÂYET
Authors: KURT Leyla Müjde
Published: September 2018

TMK. m. 336 f. 3’e göre, evlilik birliğinin
boşanma ile sona ermesi halinde velâyet “çocuk
kendisine bırakılan tarafa aittir.” Bu düzenleme uzun süre boyunca Türk
hukukunda boşanma durumunda velâyetin ana veya babadan ancak birine
verilebileceği, boşanmadan sonra ana babanın velâyeti birlikte kullanmalarının
mümkün olmadığı biçiminde yorumlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, zamanla pek çok
ülkede boşanmadan sonra birlikte velâyete imkân tanıyan yasal değişiklikler
yapılması, çeşitli uluslararası hukuk metinlerinde ana babanın boşanmadan sonra
da çocuk üzerinde eşit hak ve yükümlülüklere sahip olması esasının
benimsenmesi, Türk hukukunda da boşanmadan sonra birlikte velâyetin mümkün olup
olamayacağı tartışmasını beraberinde getirmiştir. Boşanmanın ardından velâyetin
tek başına ana veya babadan birine verilmesinin dayanağı olarak görülen TMK. m.
336 f. 3 hükmünün lâfzının açık olup olmadığı, bu hükmün emredici olup
olmadığı, emredici ise isabetli bir düzenleme olup olmadığı, hükümde kanun
boşluğu bulunup bulunmadığı meseleleri tartışmalıdır. Yargıtay son
içtihatlarında boşanmadan sonra ana babanın çocuk üzerinde birlikte velâyet
hakkına sahip olabileceğine ilişkin yabancı mahkeme kararlarının tanınması
yönünde kararlar vermeye başlamıştır. Kanun koyucunun boşanmadan sonra velâyet
meselesini düzenleyen TMK. m. 336 f. 3 hükmünde tarafı olduğumuz uluslararası
andlaşmaları ve çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesini göz önünde tutarak değişiklik
yapması ve çocuğun üstün yararının gerektirdiği durumlarda birlikte velâyete
imkân tanıması en isabetli çözüm olacaktır.
Vaginal infections in patients of childbearing age: ways for optimization of treatment in the outpatient setting
Authors: Gorshkova O. V. , Chizhova G. V. , Molodtsova L. Yu. , Morozova O. N.
Published: September 2018

Despite the considerable success in managing the medical process and medical screening of women of childbearing age, the treatment of vaginal infection remains an urgent problem that requires periodic correction of the prescribed therapy. This made the authors conduct a study, which was aimed at investigating the optimization aspects of the comprehensive therapy regimens for vaginal infections (VI) that combine the use of etiotropic drugs with the extract of Aloe Barbadenis Multi-Gyn ActiGel and systemic enzyme therapy as compared to the prescription of monotherapeutic etiotropic regimen. The study evaluated the effectiveness of different treatment regimens of VIs based on the dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters, as well as the safety and tolerability of different therapies based on the registration of adverse events.

Based on the study results, we would advise to include the plant extract of Aloe Barbadenis Multi-Gyn ActiGel and Wobenzym into the therapy of patients with VIs induced by the  vaginal dysbiosis and caused by bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis vulvovaginitis-associated microorganisms to improve the elimination of the pathogen and provide a normal titre of lactobacilli with preservation of their functional activity, which eventually restores the impaired vaginal microcenosis and maintains a normal vaginal flora and simultaneously provides a high safety and good tolerability of the proposed treatment regimen.
Pathogenetic justification and experience in using anti-adhesion gel in patients with intrauterine synechia after surgical hysteroscopy
Authors: Arutyunova E. E. , Buralkina N. A. , Chuprynin V. D. , Zhorova V. E.
Published: September 2018

The article highlights the concept of the mechanisms of formation of intrauterine synechia, which represents an important medical and social problem. Its relevance is due to the violation of the reproductive function of women and in severe forms of the disease has irreversible consequences. Surgical intervention remains the leading method of treatment for such patients. However, in complex clinical situations, its application is associated with the formation of a vicious circle, aggravating the severity of the pathological process. Therefore, today, high hopes are placed on the application of methods for the prevention of the disease and its relapse. Our data on this issue allow us to optimize the use of non-surgical high-tech methods for the prevention of Asherman’s syndrome. The use of anti-adhesive resorbable gel Antiadhesin is described and its pathogenetic application is justified.
EFFICIENCY, SAFETY AND POSSIBILITIES OF IMMUNOTROPIC THERAPY AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Anokhova L. I. , Belokrinitskaya T. E. , Pateyuk A. V.
Published: September 2018

The identification of the immune system disorders along with the impact on the causative agent and correction of such disorders is of great importance in the therapy of patients with endometritis. It has been established that the infectious agents are eliminated by the phagocytic system cells, therefore the optimal choice for the activation of anti-infective immunity are the immunomodulators acting on the monocyte-macrophage system cells. Use of immunomodulators: recombinant human interleukin-2 (Roncoleukin®, IL-2) and Interferon alfa-2b + Taurine + Benzocaine (Genferon®) in combination with the standard therapy showed its safety and efficiency in treating patients with endometritis after caesarean section.
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF ANTI-RELAPSE THERAPY WITH DIENOGEST AFTER SURGERY TREATMENT OF WOMEN WITH COLORECTAL ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Lisovskaya E. V. , Chuprynin V. D.
Published: September 2018

Purpose of research. To analyze reproductive outcomes and relapses of endometriosis in women after surgical treatment of colorectal endometriosis depending on hormonal therapy.

Materials and methods. The article includes data on reproductive outcomes and recurrence of endometriosis in women undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal endometriosis in the surgical department of Kulakov National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatology from 2014 to 2016. As an anti-relapse therapy, the first group of women received dienogest (DNG) at a dose of 2 mg/day, the second group included women who received a combined oral contraceptive containing DNG 2 mg + ethinyl estradiol (EE) 0.03 mg for the period of rehabilitation or prior to planning of pregnancy. The comparison group consisted of women who did not receive hormonal drugs in the postoperative period. Data on side effects and tolerability of the drug are also described.

Results. During the follow up period from 12 to 48 months, 51 patients were selected for this study, 14 patients were included in the first group, 18 patients were in the second group, 19 patients were in the comparison group. There were no differences in the overall rate of pregnancy depending on the choice of tactics of postoperative management. The highest number of pregnancies (92.3%) occurred during the first year after surgery, which suggests the effect of the duration of hormone therapy on the probability of pregnancy. The lowest number of relapses was registered in the group of long-term monotherapy of DNG. In the group of DNG monotherapy a greater number of side effects were noted, which in most cases did not cause significant discomfort to patients.

Conclusion. Long-term administration of DNG at a dose of 2 mg/day after surgical treatment of colorectal endometriosis is an effective means of preventing relapses with good tolerability. However, in some women planning a pregnancy, it may be rational to abandon hormone therapy in favor of earlier pregnancy planning.
Prevention of fetal growth restriction in pregnancy
Authors: Lomova N. A. , Khachatryan Z. V. , Mantrova D. A. , Khachaturyan A. A. , Kan N. E. , Tyutyunnik V. L.
Published: September 2018

Living in large cities, environmentally unfriendly background, smoking during pregnancy are associated with increasing number of complications, such as premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth and low birth weight. Pathogenetic mechanisms of these complications include oxidative stress, which can be combated by adding vitamin supplements with antioxidant activity to the daily routine of a pregnant woman. Smokers have a lower serum level of such important antioxidants as vitamins E, C and omega-3 fatty acids. The additional intake of vitamin complexes containing omega-3 fatty acids by pregnant women living in large megacities, adverse ecological regions and/or abusing smoking, has a preventive effect and can reduce the risk of premature delivery and fetal growth restriction among this cohort of patients.
Clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of vagilac to treat bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy
Authors: Novikova S. V. , Logutova L. S. , Ignatyeva M. A.
Published: September 2018

Objective: evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of probiotic Vagilac® in the prevention and treatment of vaginal dysbiosis in pregnancy.

Material and methods: 140 pregnant women admitted to the Obstetric Probationary Ward of Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Ministry of Health of Moscow at 36–39 weeks of gestation were examined and treated. All patients underwent complex clinical and laboratory examination. The patients were divided into 2 groups: I – 60 pregnant women with the established diagnosis of «bacterial vaginosis» (BV) and II – 80 pregnant women, who received antibacterial therapy due to exacerbation of infectious extragenital diseases. Of 140 pregnant women, 100 (60 from Group I and 40 from Group II) received oral probiotic Vagilac® for 10–14 days before delivery: 60 women to treat bacterial vaginosis, and 40 to prevent vaginal dysbiosis against the background of systemic antibiotic therapy. The remaining 40 pregnant women from Group II did not receive the probiotic, for which reason the second group was divided into two subgroups (IIa and IIb).

Results: the drug has proved itself as a probiotic that is capable to restore vaginal microflora after various disorders, maintain and keep a healthy balance of bacteria that normally live in the vagina, prevent any disorders associated with antibiotic therapy. During vaginal delivery, traumatic injuries of the birth canal tissues were more common in patients who did not receive Vagilac®. The newborns who were born by the mothers who received Vagilac®, had no manifestations of severe forms of infectious and inflammatory diseases.

The conclusion. The conducted studies showed that the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women with probiotic Vagilak® was effective, did not adversely affect the fetus/child; in the group with and without BV no candidiasis vulvaginitis was detected.
New clinical and pharmacological aspects of the use of atorvastatin for primary and secondary prevention of complications of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Gilyarevsky S. R. , Golshmid M. V. , Kuzmina I. M. , Sinitsina I. I.
Published: September 2018

The article discusses new data obtained in the course of several large observational studies evaluating the quality of prevention of cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis in the modern population. It also considers the the problem of insufficiently frequent use of lipid-lowering drugs in modern clinical practice. New data are presented on the benefits of using statins, in particular atorvastatin, for the purpose of not only secondary, but also primary prevention, as well as the preservation of the efficacy and safety of statin therapy over a long period. Possible benefits of using atorvastatin are discussed, including the possibility of more rapid achievement of the clinical effect that was reported during the randomized controlled clinical trial, which can play a role in the choice of certain statins in certain clinical situations. The recently published results of the analysis of data on the subjects of the ASCOT-LLA (Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm) study, which were obtained with long-term follow-up, are discussed. The article considers the new data on the probably excessively conservative approach to the selection of target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood that were obtained during the large observational studies. The modern concept of “primary prevention” of cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis is considered. The recent data presented in the article include the features of the use of atorvastatin in clinical practice, which may be an additional reason for increasing the frequency of its use in clinical practice for the purpose of both secondary and primary prevention.