bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and performance evaluation of polymeric surfactant from rice husk and polyethylene glycol for the enhanced oil recovery process
Authors: Priyanto Slamet , Sudrajat Ronny W. , Suherman Suherman , Pramudono Bambang , Riyanto Teguh , Setianingrum Desty D. , Pratama Alfin A.
Published: July 2022

A tertiary recovery technique is needed to recover the remained oil in the oil field after primary and secondary recoveries, which can only recover approximately 30–50% of the total oil. This study investigated the synthesized polymeric surfactants from rice husk and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process as a tertiary recovery technique. The rice husk was used as sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) surfactant production feedstock. SLS-PEG polymer surfactant from rice husk has not been widely studied, especially for the EOR process. This study has comprehensively investigated the effect of PEG concentration on the polymeric surfactant properties. The surfactants were characterized using Fourier transform-Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Several other tests were also conducted, including surfactant compatibility, viscosity, thermal stability, interfacial tension (IFT), and phase behavior. It was found that the PEG introduction to the SLS surfactant could increase the hydrophilic property of the polymeric surfactant due to the presence of the C−O−C group. In addition, the IFT value decreased with the increase in the PEG concentration due to the increase in the hydrophilic property. However, the IFT value decreased when the PEG concentration was too high. The lowest IFT value was obtained at the SLS to PEG ratio of 1:0.8. It produced the highest increase in the additional recovered oil after brine flooding. The results showed that the rice husk, which is agricultural waste, could be utilized as a feedstock for the surfactant production.
SENSEBALL İLE YAPILAN ANTRENMANLARIN FUTBOLCULARIN TEMEL TEKNİK BECERİ PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ
Authors: TEVETOĞLU Ekrem , ERMİŞ Egemen
Published: July 2022

Son yıllarda ülkemiz amatör futbol kulüplerinin, profesyonel futbol kulüplerinin ve dünyanın önde gelen futbol kulüplerinin altyapı takımlarında sık sık kullandığı Senseball, spor bilimi ilgi alanına girmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada dünyanın her yerinde kullanılan bu antrenman metodunun futbolcuların teknik beceri performansına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Samsunspor ve Atakum Belediyespor kulübünde haftanın en az iki günü aktif olarak antrenmanlara devam eden U11 ve U12 yaş gruplarından 35 deney 35 kontrol olmak üzere toplam 70 futbolcu üzerinde yapıldı. Çalışmada kontrollü ilk test-son test modeli uygulandı. Gruplar benzer özellikler dikkate alınarak rastgele oluşturuldu. Gruplar rutin antrenmana devam ederken deney grubu araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan protokole göre 8 hafta boyunca Senseball ile 20 dakika ekstra çalıştı. Araştırma başında ve sonunda tüm futbolculara dominant ve non-dominant ayak ile top sürme, isabetli pas ve top sektirme testi; dominant ayak ile isabetli şut testi yapıldı. Deney ve kontrol grubu açısından istatiksel değerlere bakıldığında; deney grubunda isabetli pas dominant ayak, isabetli pas non-dominant ayak, isabetli şut dominant ayak, top sektirme dominant ayak, top sektirme non-dominant ayak değişkenlerinde pozitif yönlü bir gelişim saptanırken; top sürme dominant ayak ve top sürme non-dominant ayak değişkenlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda Senseball’un futbolcuların teknik beceri performansına pozitif yönlü bir gelişim sağladığı, özellikle futbolcuların baskın olmayan ayaklarına ve isabetli şut performansına önemli ölçüde etki yaptığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu sebeple her minik futbolcunun topa daha fazla temas etmesi ve vuruş tekniğinin gelişimi için Senseball ile her gün çalışabilir, antrenörler ise Senseball’u antrenman planlamalarının içerisine yerleştirebilir.
Comparison of classic and chemometric methods used for phosphate removal from fresh human urine under optimum conditions
Authors: E Öztekin  , S Çolak  , H İnan
Published: July 2022

Human urine constitutes 1% of domestic wastewater and can be used to recover nitrogen and phosphorus when collected separately at source. Sustainable nutrient (nitrogen, phosphate, potassium) cycling requires the recovery of these valuable resources from human urine. As nitrogen and phosphorus are valuable nutrients needed for plant growth, these components of urine are an excellent fertilizer. Phosphorus can be applied in natural fertilizers and in addition the pollution load of wastewater treatment plants is reduced. Different nutrient removal and recovery methods from urine have been studied at lab scale, but none so far has reached technological competence and none has been extended to practical use. The focus of this study was to evaluate electrocoagulation as a process for the removal of phosphate from fresh human urine using iron plate electrodes. The effect of pH and current density on phosphate removal was investigated. While determining the optimum conditions for removal, classical and chemometric methods were compared. Using the central composite design (CCD), optimum conditions were determined with only 13 experiments, and time and labour savings were achieved compared to the classical method. Initial pH values and current density were controlled within the range of pH 5–9 and current density 12-40 mA/cm2.  From the obtained results, it was found that optimal initial current density is 40 mA/cm2 for both methods, and optimal pH is 7 for the classical method and 6.24 for CCD, which is the natural pH of human urine. Realization of phosphate removal using optimum conditions discovered with CCD, provides savings on experimental effort, time, chemicals and energy consumption, and will contribute to resource recovery, reduction of wastewater load and sustainable fertilizer production.
Yeast supplementation alleviates the negative effects of greywater irrigation on lettuce and maize
Authors: LP Tshapa  , G Naidoo  , Sershen  , KK Naidoo
Published: July 2022

Water scarcity has led to increased use of wastewater, particularly greywater, for crop irrigation. This study investigated whether the addition of yeast can alleviate the potential negative effects of greywater use on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). Seeds and seedlings were treated with 4 concentrations (0.005; 0.01; 0.015 and 0.020 g‧mL−1) of yeast-treated tapwater (YTW) and greywater (YGW). Tapwater (TW) and greywater (GW) without yeast served as controls. In general, an increase in yeast concentration compromised seed germination in Petri dishes, but improved germination in soil. Tapwater was more effective than GW in promoting germination and growth in both species. Lower concentrations of yeast generally increased germination capacity in both species compared to the controls. Total biomass, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, leaf area, photosynthetic rate and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) were significantly higher in yeast treatments in both species, compared with the controls. Biomass accumulation, total leaf area, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis were higher in YGW than controls and YTW. Differences in biomass allocation between treatments may be due to changes in soil moisture, pH and electrical conductivity of the soil caused by yeast supplementation. This study showed that plants treated with YGW performed better than those treated with YTW and without yeast. Yeast supplementation of greywater could increase water recycling and provide a cheap bio-fertilizer to home growers, whilst significantly improving yield in both species. This innovative approach may enhance water and food security of subsistence farmers in rural areas.
A Tiszántúli Református Egyházkerületi Nagykönyvtár RMK-katalógusa, összeáll. Oláh Róbert, Debrecen, TREGy, 2021 (A Tiszántúli Református Egyházkerület Gyűjteményének kiadványai)
Authors: Ősz Sándor Előd
Published: July 2022

Amióta Szabó Károly megalkotta a RMK-fogalmat (és elkülönítette annak három alcsoportját), minden magára adó könyvtár igyekezett kiválogatni és RMK néven különgyűjteményként őrizni a hungarikumokat. Néhol a jelzetek is követik a tudós kolozsvári könyvtáros alapmunkájának számait. Szabó Károly munkáját a modern tudományosság kritériumainak megfelelően folytatták és tökéletesítették Borsa Gedeon, majd P. Vásárhelyi Judit vezetésével a Régi Magyarországi Nyomtatványok kutatóműhely tagjai. A sorozat első kötetének szerkesztésekor Borsa Gedeonék kézbe vettek minden fellehető példányt, és cédulán rögzítették a nyomtatványokban található kéziratos bejegyzéseket. A második kötet szerkesztésekor a nagy példányszám miatt már lemondtak ezen adatok rögzítéséről, a kutatás így is óriási erő- és időbefektetést igényelt. Ettől kezdve egyértelműen az egyes könyvtárak custosaira és kutatóira hárult a feladat, hogy RMK-gyűjteményeik példányainak propriumadatait közkinccsé tegyék.Ez idáig a legnagyobb ilyen vállalkozás Sipos Gábor és tanítványai nevéhez köthető, amely a Román Akadémia Kolozsvári Fiókjának Könyvtárában őrzött történelmi bibliotékák RMK-példányainak katalógusát adták közre 2004-ben. Nagyságrendileg Sipos Gáborék vállalkozása után a most bemutatásra kerülő kötet a második a sorban. Oláh Róbert műve régi, fájdalmas űrt pótol a hungarikakutatásban.
Lucifer a nyomdagépben
Authors: Szénási Zoltán
Published: July 2022

A tanulmány Babits Mihály a Nyugtalanság völgye című kötetének kiadástörténetét foglalja össze, ennek során kitér a könyv kiadói hátterére és röviden bemutatja a Táltos Kiadó történetét. A kritikai kiadás munkálatai során figyelt fel a szerző Babits verseinek kiadásában a tipográfiai kivitelezés problémáira. A különböző kötetekben számtalan nyomdahibát talált, de ezek a hibák nem fedezhetők fel minden kötetben. A probléma megértése érdekében megnézte a kötet több példányát, és táblázatban foglalta össze a Nyugtalanság völgye hibáit. A kiadásnak ez a sajátossága számos textológiai kérdést vet fel. A válaszok keresése közben igyekezett feltárni a nyomdagép hibájának lehetséges technikai okait is. Az Apostol Nyomda történetének egy érdekes epizódja zajlott 1919 februárjában, aminek köze lehetett a kötet nyomdai hibáihoz.
Sky Islands Collection 2022 v2
Authors: Ponisio Lauren
Published: July 2022

This protocol details the Ponisio Lab's collecting protocol for the 2022 Sky Islands season.
When European Policies Meet German Federalism: A Study on the Implementation of the EU Reception Conditions Directive
Authors: Toska Juna , Reiter Renate , Töller Annette Elisabeth
Published: July 2022

Article 21 of the recast Reception Conditions Directive 2013/33/EU (RCD) stipulates that member states shall consider the special needs of asylum seekers with, inter alia, mental illnesses. Similar to other member states, Germany failed to transpose the RCD into national law within the two years prescribed. Due to the inactivity of the federal legislator, the Directive became directly applicable. In the German system of cooperative federalism, this means that the application of the RCD moved downstream to the responsibility of the German Länder (states), which have since found themselves with vague responsibilities, lacking a clear regulation cascade from the federal level. How do Länder implement the RCD and how is its implementation in Germany affected by the federal institutional setting? The objective of this article is to analyse and systematise the patterns of the RCD’s implementation on the subnational level in Germany. On the one hand, the findings suggest that the open formulation of the RCD and the federal government’s inactivity allow for a higher degree of liberty in applying the Directive on the subnational level. On the other hand, most measures taken hitherto have been rather small and ad‐hoc and some Länder have even failed to adopt any significant changes at all. The RCD’s implementation in Germany has consisted of a “tinkering” process, generating an incoherent patchwork of policy outputs. The resulting unequal standards in the reception of asylum seekers displaying mental illnesses present far‐reaching consequences for the people affected.
Influence of late radiation complications on long-term survival of patients treated with irradiation of the pelvic organs
Authors: Korytov O. V.
Published: July 2022

Background. Radiation therapy is one of the main treatments for locally advanced cancers of the rectum, cervix, and prostate. As a result of summing up high total doses, radiation damage occurs in patients.

Aim. To determine the frequency of late radiation injuries in patients, their impact on overall survival and quality of life.

Materials and methods. The study included 759 patients who received treatment in medical facilities in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, of which 324 were men and 435 were women aged 27–88 years, with a diagnosis of rectal cancer – 257, cervical cancer – 327, prostate cancer – 175 patients. Irradiation was carried out on linear accelerators and brachytherapy devices. The quality of life of patients was assessed by questionnaires based on QLQ-30.

Results. The overall toxicity was 35.01 % in patients with cervical cancer, 10.4 % in patients with rectal cancer and 7.6 % in patients with prostate cancer. Overall long-term 5 and 10 years survival in patients with late complications was 46.3 and 16.5 %versus66.5 and 33.4 % in patients without late complications (p= 0.001). In patients diagnosed with rectal cancer, it was significantly higher than in other groups (p<0.05). 3–5 weeks after the end of radiation therapy, patients reported a significant deterioration in the quality of life.

Conclusion. Late radiation damage is an important prognostic factor influencing long-term survival in patients diagnosed with cancer of the rectum, cervix and prostate. A decrease in the quality of life in patients who received irradiation of the pelvic organs 3–5 weeks after the end of radiation therapy has been proven.
The features of enzymes activity to nucleoside and antioxidant systems in solid tumors
Authors: Bakurova E. M. , Vasilenko I. V. , Tursunova Yu. D. , Dobaeva N. M. , Borzenko B. G. , Yelsky V. N.
Published: July 2022

Background. Solid tumors can create their aggressive properties. There are characterized by the invasion and metastatic activity, the resistance of the tumor clone to apoptosis. These pathways triggering may be realized both by 2-deoxy-D-ribose and its phosphorylated form (2-d-D-Rib-1-P), and by hydrogen peroxide.

Aim. To investigate the peculiarities of enzymes activity to nucleoside metabolism and antioxidant system in epithelial tumors of different localization.

Materials and methods. The features of the thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPO) activity were studied in tumor homogenates. The visually no transformed tissues of the surgical resection edges were used as a control. Enzymes activity was determined by spectrophotometrical and morphological features were examined by the immunohistochemical methods in tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), samples of gastric and colon carcinomas (GCC).

Results. Thymidine phosphorylase activity and adenosine deaminase activity in various malignant tumors were increased in comparison to the control. Respectively, thymidine phosphorylase activity was higher than by 1.8 times (p= 0.002 for NSCLC,p= 0.001 for GCC). An increase of adenosine deaminase activity was revealed both in tissues of NSCLC (more than 1.7 times) and in GCC (by 1.9 times,p= 0.001). No significant changes in SOD activity were detected in the tumors. GPO activity tended to decrease by an average of 1.3 times (p= 0.01 for NSCLC,p= 0.02 for GCC). A cluster analysis of the enzymatic activity features of the studied NSCLC tumors, as well as GCC, revealed their metabolic heterogeneity. According to its results, tumors of different localization were distinguished into 2 clusters. Common feature to their second clusters was an increase the SOD activity. It was accompanied by increase of thymidine phosphorylase activity (p= 0.045 for NSCLC,p= 0.049 for GCC). Therefore, both hydrogen peroxide and 2-d-D-Rib-1-P could be formed in them more intensively. It is important to note that morphological indicators of tumor aggression (decreased or lost expression of cell-cell adhesion marker, expression of mesenchymal markers, active angiogenesis) were detected more frequently in these subgroups.

Conclusion. The obtained results reveal that individual features of the enzymes activity in epithelial tumors may be available source of 2-d-D-Rib-1-P and hydrogen peroxide generation in human cancer cells. In the case of individual higher tumor activity of thymidine phosphorylase and SOD and low GPO activity the metabolic stimulation of tumor progression may be occur.
VALENCE PROPERTIES OF QUALITY PREDICATES AND STATE PREDICATES
Authors:   Acad. S. Demyanchuk International University of Economics and Humanities, Medynska Natalia
Published: July 2022

An adverb is the most peripheral part-of-speech class of attributive words in terms of its semantic and grammatical characteristics. The sign of an adverb is a reflection of the syntactic relations of sign words – attributive, circumstantial and others. An adverbial sign appears as a static sign of a predicate or an attribute of an object. Adverbs that perform the function of an adverbial compound predicate in a two-member sentence and an adverbial compound of a principal part of a one-member sentence are formal-grammatical correlates of state predicates; prominent among them are the predicates of the qualitative-evaluative state and the predicates of the state of the environment, the external state of a certain spatial object, the emotional-mental, physical and physiological state of a being, etc. Adverbs, like other classes of attributive words, have a category of semantic-syntactic valence, but it has a transpositional character, because they acquire it in connection with the transposition into formal-syntactic positions of the verb – adverbial compound predicate in two-member sentence and an adverbial compound of a principal part in a simple sentence. The defining feature of the valence of adverbial predicates is smallness, because quality predicates and adverbial predicates of state, which correlate with the adverbial compound predicate of a two-member sentence and an adverbial compound of a principal part in a simple sentence, are monovalent. In addition to obligatory subject valence, some predicates of qualitative and modal semantics may have optional and some even obligatory object valence. Characteristically, subjective valence correlates with a subject, a typically expressed by non-predicate noun with the meaning of an object or a being, or substantivized by demonstrative pronoun adjectives this, that, only in the formal-syntactic structure of an elementary two-member sentence with an adverbial compound predicate. This valence is more often represented by the infinitive form or the predicate noun in a non-elementary two-member sentence.
ORIGINS OF THE COSSACK ERA AND INFLUENCE ON FOLK PROSE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Rudakova Nataliia
Published: July 2022

The article considers the particular influence of dynamic and integrity of the historical process in the Cossack's prose tradition. It inherited not only the semantic and formal stereotypes of the squad epic, but also peculiar outlook and original metaphysics that outlined the position of human beings in the world, and the philosophical morality of the ancient period, adapted to the specific reality of the Cossack era. The natural connections of Cossack's prose with public life, ethnic traditions, and material culture determined the necessity to study as an important source for ascertainment the processes of existence and development of the Cossack epic system. It was also analyzed what historical circumstances brought the appearance in prose of homesickness, longing for family, native land, as well as tragic rupture of family ties into the prose of a permanent motive. The Cossacks in Ukraine appeared together with the colonization of the marginal lands, which were a part of the Lithuanian-Polish state. It has been found that the structure of many prose samples naturally includes toponymic motives based on folk etymology, which give the works a notable "historical" authenticity. It was found that in the period of formation, the Cossacks were not a military organization, it was a kind of household phenomenon or craft. In this sense, the Cossacks have been known since ancient times, but the term appeared in the late 15th century and they were transformed into a social stratum during the 12th century. According to our analysis, the main premise for the prose tradition of the Cossacks background were historical factors that have created the great national movement within the current Cherkasy region that involved the bulk of the population of the Middle Dnieper in the 16th century. Different conditions of the historical being of the eastern and western regions influenced the centers of epic creativity, coinciding with the ethno-destriction of Ukraine.
THE REFLECTIONS OF THEODORE SKUMYNOVYCH ON THE THEME OF DECAY OF ORTHODOX EAST IN THE WORK "PRZYCZYNY PORZUCENIA DISUNIEY PRZEZACNEMU NARODOWI RUSKIEMU PODANE" (1643)
Authors:   Shevchenko Institute of Literature, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tkachuk Ruslan
Published: July 2022

In the article it is researched the little known polemical work of former Father Superior of St. Michael cloister in Kyiv Theodore Skumynovych "Przyczyny porzucenia Disuniey przezacnemu narodowi ruskiemu podane" (1643). The outlook of catholic scribe on the causes of decay of Byzantine Empire and the Eastern Church tradition is revealed. There is covered the critical considerations of the writer about the understanding of ecclesiastical crisis on the East by the orthodox theologians, who explained the conquering of Constantinople by Ottoman Empire as the trial of God. However in a different way the decay and the troubles of Byzantines understood Theodore Skumynovych. He attributed all these unfavourable circumstances in orthodox world with sent on Eastern Churches damnations by God for retreats from the New Testament's covenant. In his work the polemicist disclosed to the reader the large scale of simony in Constantinople patriarchate, gave up the ideas of his opponents about the peaceful coexistence of Christianity and Islam in Ottoman Empire, contradistinguished the decline of the orthodox East to development of catholic West. Exposing his thoughts Theodore Skumynovych used the different artistic means, quoted the thorough Greek historians, paralleled the circumstances of Byzantine Empire and the Israel. The main reason of disappearance of the Eastern Empire and the corruption of orthodox hierarchy by simony the theologian considered in making by the Constantinople's clergy of schism in 11th century with the bishop of Rome, who was, at his point, the protohierarch of the Universal church and the Vicar of Christ.
LANGUAGE – REPRODUCER OF CULTURAL MODEL
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Grytsenko Svitlana
Published: July 2022

[Naumenko L. M. History of Names of Tableware, Kitchenware and Furniture in the Ukrainian Language. A Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Philological Studies : 10.02.01 – Ukrainian Language. Kyiv : Institute of Ukrainian Language of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2021. 289 р.]
LINGUISTIC ARTICLES IN THE HUNGARO-RUTHENICA PERIODICAL
Authors:   University of Szeged, Kocsis Mihály
Published: July 2022

The present paper reviews the linguistics articles published in 8 volumes of the periodical Hungaro-Ruthenica. The series was founded with the aim of publishing the papers presented at conferences on Ukrainian studies organized every three years in Szeged since 1996. At first, only philologists and historians working in Hungarian higher education institutions participated at these events, which was later extended to include foreign participants. The first section of this paper includes the annotations of the articles written by colleagues from Hungarian universities, and the second section provides a complete list of the linguistics publications of all conference participants printed in this periodical. The annotations in the first part are supplemented with the bibliographic data of the authors' later publications on the same topics, thus showing the importance of the Szeged conferences and the Hungaro-Ruthenica periodical in the history of Ukrainian studies in Hungary in recent decades.
FOLK SIGNS IN THE NOTES OF PETRO IVANOV
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Hryshchenko Iryna
Published: July 2022

The article is oriented forward to folk notes of Petro Ivanov. It must be stressed that authentic folklore notes are of considerable interest to representative of various scientific fields. They are trying to explore the results of understanding folk life, environment etc. The article stresses that Ivanov's scientific heritage represents folklore of the territory of Kupyanshchyna of the 19th – 20th centuries. Over a long period he recorded folk materials of the one small territory. His records demonstrate the domination of traditions of Ukrainian culture. He showed the household and spiritual life of the population of the investigated territory. However, fixed materials turned out to be greater even in comparison with the collections at that time. Folklorist used the methodology of natural sciences. He fixed all the existing texts and not only ideal from the editor's point of view. The emphasis has been placed on significant part of his notes represented by folk signs of this territory. These are the largest volumes of Peter Ivanov's published materials. Fixed folklore materials show the dominance of dualistic worldview of that time peasantry. Folklore records emphasize the peculiarity of the perception of the environment, life, social life, mythology. Separately, it is worth emphasizing the originality of certain works that are not inherent in the folklore of other territories. The material investigated demonstrates that the records of Petrо Ivanov about the fate are authentic and do not have similarly published folk collections. Folklorist discovered a certain identity of the images of the fate, the house and the soul of man in folk views. In general this analysis shows that Ivanov's notes of folk signs give opportunity to modern researchers to obtain important information about cognition, demonstrate the popularity of this genre in the 19th century. To summarize it is worth emphasizing on originality of certain texts that are not inherent in the folklore of other territories.
FEATURES OF GENDER TERMINOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE MODERN CHINESE LITERARY CRITICISM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Isaieva Natalia
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to the cause of semantic ambiguity of Chinese gender terminology by the example of the most controversial concepts, such as "feminism", "gender", "feminist literature", "women's literature", "women's writing". The author pays attention to the socio-historical context, perception of Western feminist theories and actualization of traditional Chinese Philosophic Doctrines, as well as the unique phenomenon of "figurative terminology" creation. In this research, the author used cultural-historical and typological methods, as well as the method of semantic and contextual analysis. The development of a feminist (and later gender) trend in Chinese literary criticism began in the early 1980s. This process took place under the influence of three factors: 1) communist ideology and "state feminism"; 2) the spread of Western theories of feminism; 3) traditional Chinese concepts of gender relations. Chinese researchers were borrowing terms by translating them from English or other European languages. However, the process of semantic adaptation of new concepts was quite complex and had its own features. In particular, Chinese scholars sought to avoid a radical opposition of "the masculine and feminine principles" in the semantics of new terms. Instead they were trying to implement the Chinese philosophical concept of complementing the categories of Yin and Yang, which reflects the "situational worldview" of the Chinese people. One of the special phenomena of Chinese gender literary criticism is the development of "figurative concepts." Such concepts are vivid images of Western literature and literary criticism, which are gaining new meaning in the Chinese cultural environment. In particular, the concept of "The Blank Page", suggested by S. Gubar to denote female identity in a patriarchal society, is associated by Chinese scholars with the activity of Tang Empress Wu Zetian and her "Wordless Tomb Stele". The author concluded that the process of the gender terminology development in Chinese literary criticism is not complete, it balances between the new Western and traditional Chinese concepts of gender relations.
USING THE CASE STUDY APPROACH IN THE COURSE "INFORMATION SECURITY IN THE MEDIA: LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE"
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Klymentova Olena , Piatetska Olga ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of using the CASE STUDY approach in the course "Information Security in the Media: Linguistic Competence", which is offered to students of master's specialties "Media Linguistics". The authors substantiate its methodological expediency by adapting to integrated disciplines, where the objects of analysis are real-life facts and their representation in the media, and where there are several effective solutions to the problem.The course "Information Security in the Media: Linguistic Competence" is interdisciplinary, that is why it corresponds well with the analytical capabilities of the approach. The authors also represent the methodical complex, which was created on the basis of the course for teaching master students at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The choice of analytical material is motivated by the fact that modern wars are fought primarily in the information space, where safe and dangerous are deliberately fused in media flows, so there is an urgent need to learn to distinguish between them.The topics of the lectures correlate with the problems of information pathogenicity. In security contexts, it appears as a result of violation of the legal basis of information activities and communication norms, when there are various psychoecological deviations that destroy trust in official institutional information, destroy traditional value paradigms, beliefs, turn socialized reflection on information influences into panic, mass aggression or indifference, etc. Within the course, students study the evolutionary dynamics of the standards of secure information representation, in particular in terms of its modern standards in the media, security specifics of traditional and current fact-checking is studied, and different scales of strategically important information and types of verbal manipulation are analyzed. The course is aimed at improving the media culture of secure communication, involves the formation of skills to recognize strategic content implemented in modern government strategies of hard, soft and intelligent power, special attention is paid to the processes of information socialization with the help of communication technologies.The specificity of the course objectifies the need to update methodological approaches and analytical tools for the study of media texts. This problem is partially solved by involving the methodological resource CASE STUDY.
THE WORLDVIEW PRINCIPLES OF THEOPHAN PROKOPOVYCH'S "POETICS"
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Meimei Huan
Published: July 2022

The article examines the peculiarities of the worldview foundations of "Poetics" by Theophan Prokopovych. The thesis is substantiated that the ideological foundations of the treatise are generally educational. It is emphasized on the author's criticism and denial of Baroque norms, as the opposition to the enlightenment theses. Prokopovych represents the author's vision of well-known concepts and categories of theoretical poetics, showing the examples of the world literature. The thinker argues with traditional understandings of a number of categories, while offering innovative and relevant to his era theses. The writer develops the idea of the necessity to adhere to the stated theoretical provisions, representing them as a model for further literary development. The treatise, having not only theoretical but also practical character, represents the peculiarities of literary evolution. In "Poetics" by Theophan Prokopovych, we observe the development of the tradition of creating such treatises in school institutions. The author's contribution to the improvement of this genre and its existence in Ukrainian literature is important. The studied treatise represents the author's departure from the baroque tradition of poetics, even in some cases its denial, the presentation of individual worldview in the field of theory and history of literature. T. Prokopovych offered his vision of poetic art and its understanding in an educational way. The traditional thesis in science about the worldview principles of the treatise "Poetics" as synthetic in nature, combining traditions of Antiquity, Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, is discussed and supplemented by considerations of the predominance in the treatise of classical and enlightenment elements. The author's character is also clearly shown in the presentation of T. Prokopovych's artistic texts in "Poetics", which tend towards the Enlightenment style. In general, written in the era of Ukrainian literary Baroque "Poetics" by Theophan Prokopovych leads a discussion with the ideas and theses of the day as those that have lost their relevance and need to be modernized. Thus, the essence of the worldview principles of the treatise is in their revolutionary nature in relation to the ruling era and the establishment of innovation in the field of theory and history of literature, which Prokopovych notices in the Enlightenment.
Contested Terms, Supportive Relationships, & Historical Omissions: A Critical Response to _frontiers of solidarity.
Authors: Di Marco Campbell Luke Ray
Published: July 2022

Serving as a response to the entirety of on_education volume ten, _frontiers of solidarity, the following essay questions the absence of takes that ‘nurture and enact anti-capitalist, anarchist, feminist, anti-racist, de-colonial, anti-fascist, queer, trans[, or] sex worker- inclusive values through conversation and direct action' in the manner advocated by Antiuniversity Now (n.d.). A Community Development practitioner and educator by trade, the author addresses the significant gaps within this volume, identifying a failure from a majority of contributions to appropriately define the issue’s very focus of ‘solidarity’. Indeed, that amongst the papers is a proclamation that solidarity is contrary to the human condition is of great concern, with Negrea-Busuioc’s assertion that '[s]olidarity [...] is not a natural human emotion' (ibid) or that it ‘is not an innate human characteristic but one that can develop in a nurturing environment (e.g. family, school, community)’ a particular issue given the wealth of anarchistic literature which attests to the contrary. The contributions of Fichtner, Bajaj, and Tow are, however, recognised for their value in advancing this issue.
An investigation into the socioeconomic factors correlated with PISA reading scores
Authors: Haque Orchee , Hoyer Sophie , Huynh Stephanie , Uppili Sraddha
Published: July 2022

Literacy is a fundamental skill that is essential to navigate daily life in modern society. Its importance is emphasized by Target 4.6 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which aims to “ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy” by 2030. This study utilized indicators of the Human Development Index to determine the socioeconomic factors most correlated to a country’s youth literacy rates, as measured by its score on the literacy section of the Programme for International Assessment (PISA). We examined the relationship between national PISA reading test scores and nine socioeconomic factors: a country’s mean years of schooling, primary school enrollment, secondary school enrollment, gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, government spending on education, life expectancy, infant mortality, and total population. Triennial data spanning from 2000 to 2018 was gathered for over 80 countries and analyzed by year using simple linear regression models. A combination of Google Sheets, Microsoft Excel, and Python libraries was used to analyze the relationship between literacy and our chosen socioeconomic factors to determine which of the factors were most strongly correlated with youth literacy rates. Our results were interpreted using R2 and Pearson correlation coefficient values. From these results, we concluded that infant mortality, mean years of schooling, and life expectancy exhibit the strongest correlations with PISA test scores, suggesting that the strength of a country’s healthcare system is highly orrelated with its quality of education.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT LITERASI DI SD NEGERI 55/1 SRIDADI
Authors: Kurniawan Agung Rimba , Nelli Destri , Hayati Suci , Priyono Adi , Roza Kiki Dwilia , Nia Melli , Waliyanti Nopi
Published: July 2022

Literacy is the ability to identify, create, interpret, communicate and count, and read in daily life in order to develop social, economic, and cultural potential in modern life so that it can become a quality and virtuous person. The purpose of writing this article is to find out what are the inhibiting factors of literacy in Sridadi 55 / I Elementary School. The method used uses a phenomenological approach to the type of case study. The results of this study are students at Sridadi 55 / I Elementary School already have a fairly good interest in reading, but the lack of reading books available in libraries and reading corners makes students less enthusiastic about reading.
An endoscope-assisted craniometric cadaveric study for the brain stem and the cisternal segment of the trochlear nerve
Authors: Başak Ahmet Tulgar , Çakici Nazlı
Published: July 2022

This study analyzed the relationship of trochlear nerve with neurovascular structures using craniometric measurements. The study was aimed to understand the course of trochlear nerve and minimize the risk of injury during surgical procedures. Twenty trochlear nerves of 10 fresh cadavers were studied bilaterally using endoscopic assistance through the view afforded by the lateral infratentorial-supracerebellar, and the combined presigmoid-subtemporal transtentorial approaches. Trochlear nerves were exposed bilaterally taking seven parameters into consideration: the distance between the cisternal segment of trochlear nerve and vascular structures (superior cerebellar artery/SCA; posterior cerebral artery/PCA), the origin of the trochlear nerve in the brain stem, the angle in the level of tentorial junction, length, diameter, and length of nerve in the cisternal segment. We identiﬁed the brain stem and cisternal segments of the trochlear nerve. The lateral infratentorial supracerebellar approach allowed the exposure of the cisternal segments (crural and ambient cisterns), including the origin of the nerve in the brain stem. The combined presigmoid-subtemporal transtentorial approaches provided visualization of the cisternal segment of the nerve and the free edge of the tentorium. In this study, the mean length and width of the trochlear nerve in the cisternal segment were 30.3 and 0.74 mm, respectively. Length of the trochlear nerve from its origin to its dural entrance was 37.2 mm, tentorial dural entrance angle of the trochlear nerve and exit angle of the trochlear nerve from the brain stem were 127.0 degrees and 54 degrees, PCA to trochlear nerve in mid ambient cistern and SCA to trochlear nerve in mid ambient cistern were 7.3 mm and 6.8mm. Trochlear nerve is vulnerable to injury during the surgical procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to have a sufficient knowledge of the anatomy of cisternal segment and its relationship with adjacent neurovascular structures. The anatomical and craniometric data can be helpful in middle and posterior fossa surgery in minimizing the potential injury of the trochlear nerve.
A cross-sectional study on the quality of life in migraine and medication overuse headache in a Hungarian sample: understanding the effect of headache characteristics
Authors: Magyar Máté , Kökönyei Gyöngyi , Baksa Dániel , Galambos Attila , Édes Andrea Edit , Szabó Edina , Kocsel Natália , Gecse Kinga , Dobos Dóra , Gyüre Tamás , Juhász Gabriella , Ertsey Csaba
Published: July 2022

Previous studies using generic and disease specific instruments showed that both migraine and medication overuse headache are associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of our study was to assess HRQoL differences in migraineurs and in patients with MOH and to examine how headache characteristics such as years with headache, aura symptoms, triptan use, headache pain severity and headache frequency are related to HRQoL. In this cross-sectional study 334 participants were examined (248 were recruited from a tertiary headache centre and 86 via advertisements). The Comp­rehensive Headache-related Quality of life Questionnaire (CHQQ) was used to measure the participants’ HRQoL. Data showed normal distribution, therefore beside Chi-squared test parametric tests (e.g. independent samples t-test) were used with a two-tailed p<0.05 threshold. Linear regression models were used to determine the independent effects of sex, age, recruitment method, headache type (migraine vs. MOH) and headache characteristics (presence of aura symptoms, years with headache, headache pain severity, headache frequency and triptan use) separately for each domain and for the total score of CHQQ. Significance threshold was adopted to p0.0125 (0.05/4) to correct for multiple testing and avoid Type I error. Independent samples t-tests showed that patients with MOH had significantly lower scores on all CHQQ domains than migraineurs, except on the social subscale. Results of a series of regression analyses showed that triptan use was inversely related to all the domains of HRQoL after correction for multiple testing (p<0.0125). In addition, headache pain severity was associated with lower physical (p=0.001) and total scores (p=0.002) on CHQQ subscales. Based on the results, different headache characteristics (but not the headache type, namely migraine or MOH) were associated with lower levels of HRQoL in patients with headache. Determining which factors play significant role in the deterioration of HRQoL is important to adequately manage different patient populations and to guide public health policies regarding health service utilization and health-care costs.
A case study of acute oropharyngeal palsy concomitant with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Lantos Judit , Barta Zsanett , Nagy Albert , Vincze Rita , Füle Kálmán , Bihari Katalin
Published: July 2022

Acute oropharyngeal palsy is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. In our study we present the case of a 63-year-old man with general symptoms who was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis and prescribed insulin therapy. Two weeks later, the patient complained of paraesthesia of the perioral region and the tip of the tongue, dysphagia, and dysarthria. These symptoms were initially thought to be complications of the patient’s type-1 diabetes. Due to rapidly developing paraparesis, the patient became bedridden. Clinical symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and a nerve conduction study resulted in a diagnosis of acute oropharyngeal palsy, a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. After five consecutive days of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, neurological symptoms improved and the need for insulin ceased. One year later, the patient’s only remaining neurological symptom was loss of tendon reflexes in the lower extremities. Furthermore, the patient’s blood glucose level was normal without the use of medications or a special diet. Here, we report that oropharyngeal palsy can co-occur with diabetic ketoacidosis, and that immuntherapy is effective in treating both oropharyngeal palsy and type-1 diabetes. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a patient presenting with acut oropharyngeal palsy concomitant with diabetic ketoacidosis.
Analysis of The Weakness Factors of Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH) Yogyakarta in Raising Islamic Philanthropy Funds
Authors: Santosa Edi , Kamsi Kamsi , Sunaryati Sunaryati
Published: July 2022

LAZNAS Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH), which has been initially considered successful, in reality, shows a failure in terms of collecting zakat funds. BMH has received various awards from the Marketing Award, BAZNAS Award, and Anugerah Syariah Republika. However, the collection of zakat funds and the number of muzakki are very low and tend to decrease from year to year. In 2019, the number of muzakki was only 14.38%, and the zakat funds collected were only 11.7% of the total funds. This research aims to investigate what internal and external factors caused this decreasing trend. Employing interviews with the BMH leaders and employees, this study found that the internal factors of the low collection of zakat funds were: 1) The funds targeted by BMH from zakat were much lower than the other sources, only 32.66%; 2) BMH only followed the will of the donors; 3) BMH did not ask the donors whether they had paid zakat; 4) BMH felt uncomfortable to ask the donors whether they had paid zakat. Meanwhile, the external cause was that the donors tended to be more interested in choosing the programs offered by BMH rather than paying zakat.
Prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology on liquid-based cytology in women attending gynecology OPD at Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Authors: R. Savithri D. , J. Sankalpa A.
Published: July 2022

Background: Cervical cancer ranks fourth among all malignancies and it is the most common gynecological cancer in women worldwide. In India, cancer cervix is the most common gynecological cancer and accounts for about 1.8 per 100000 populations. Precancerous lesion of cervix precedes carcinoma cervix and can be picked up on cytology. Cervical cytology has proven itself to be the main weapon of defense against this disease and is been in use since 50 years. Objectives of this study are to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the women who had cervical cytology and to determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical smears on liquid-based cytology among women attending gynecology OPD at KIMS hospital and Research Centre.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KIMS Hospital and Research Centre. All data about the patient were recorded in a predetermined proforma. The cervical smear sample was collected using an endocervical brush and then immersed in a thin prep solution and was sent to cytopathology lab, Department of Pathology, KIMS Hospital and Research Centre for further processing using the EZIPREP technique.Results: The study included 100 cervical smears in total. Females ranged in age from 21 to 65 years. All cervical smears were evaluated. The current study found inflammatory smears, infectious and smears with epithelial cell abnormalities. The most common organism noted was Candida albicans. The age group with the highest prevalence of epithelial cell abnormality was 41-50years. The most common epithelial cell abnormality in the present study is Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.Conclusions: Out of the 100 LBC smears studied, the majority (67) of the smears studied were inflammatory. Epithelial cell abnormalities were found in 4 cases and the most common age group of epithelial abnormalities was the fifth decade.