bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relative gains and the Common Agricultural Policy: the French government’s decision to reject the Blair House Agreement and block the completion of the Uruguay Round in 1993
Authors: Norrie Daniel
Published: September 2021

CESAA 19th ANNUAL EUROPE ESSAY COMPETITION 2011 - Undergraduate winner: Dan Norrie (Monash University)The French government’s rejection of the Blair House Agreement in 1993 enabled France to resist agricultural reform and achieve relative gains over other European Union States. The existence of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) allows France to extract the economic surplus of European Union (EU) members through taxes and subsidies, which artificially improve the competitiveness of French agriculture. France took advantage of the EU principle of consensus by adopting a strategy of non-compliance to agricultural negotiations, positioning it to directly influence EU Commission policy. This allowed France to benefit from EU bargaining power in the Uruguay Round, and ensure greater concessions from States driving agricultural reform. The reinstatement of veto power in the EU Community has made future agricultural reform more difficult, allowing France to continue to realise welfare gains at the expense of other EU members. The paper adopts a literature review to analyse French national interest and the costs and benefits of foreign policy strategies.
‘Soviet Young Man:’ The Personal Diaries and Paradoxical Identities of ‘Youth’ in Provincial Soviet Ukraine during Late Socialism, 1970-1980s
Authors: Zhuk Sergei I
Published: September 2021

Using personal interviews and six diaries of contemporary male authors representing various social groups of urban residents in Soviet Ukraine (two from the cities, and four from towns), written in Russian and Ukrainian, from 1970 to the beginning of the 1980s, this article analyses archival documents and contemporary periodicals and explores the influences of the massive exposure to audio and visual cultural products from the “capitalist West” on the self-construction of identity of Soviet youth from provincial Ukrainian towns. This article seeks to study a concrete development of cultural détente from “the bottom up” perspective, avoiding the Moscow/Leningrad “elitist/conformist” emphasis of recent scholarship.
Literary CombiNation: Memory and Space in Contemporary Ukrainian Anthologies
Authors: Haleta Olena
Published: September 2021

Finding itself at the end of the twentieth century in a situation of post-totalitarianism, post-colonialism and postmodernism, Ukrainian literature faced the problem of finding its own identity. Genres dedicated to the representation of literature, including the increasingly popular genre of anthology, were among the foremost means of creating an image of the literature in its totality. From the end of the 1990s onward, the search for a usable tradition was accompanied by a sense of obligation to highlight one’s own modernity, delimit its periods and define its constitutive properties. The national literature has faced the problem taking into account the heritage of totalitarianism and colonialism, which involves coming to terms with its internal space as a multilingual one. On the other hand, the space of literature has extended over the state border, promising to create a new homogeneity of literature and overcoming the differences between domestic and diaspora literature.
Her Past: forgetting and remembering in post-Franco Spain
Authors: Sobels Kieran
Published: September 2021

The Spanish experience during the twentieth-century was decidedly unique due to Spain’s minimal involvement in the two World Wars and its own internal political struggles. Thus, the political consensus that formed in post-Franco Spain, to forget its traumatic past and focus on the future, was facilitated by very particular circumstances. The underlying decision to impose amnesty was arguably the only viable option during the transition, but naturally bore consequences. Commentators have questioned the quality of Spanish democracy and, for many, justice was never done and thus memories never given closure. This is evident in the public demand for the rediscovery of memory since the mid-nineties. The passing of time has rendered Spain increasingly amenable to embracing transitional justice measures. While post-Franco Spain’s initial approach to its traumatic past abetted a smooth and successful transition, it also served to undermine the ‘democratic’ institutions and political culture borne out of this period.
Europe on a Plate: Food, Identity and Cultural Diversity in Contemporary Europe
Authors: Anderson Lara , Benbow Heather Merle , Manzin Gregoria
Published: September 2021

This article discusses tensions emerging from conflicting ethnic and national identities in three European Union (EU) member states – Germany, Italy and Spain – through the prism of culinary practices. Food is a marker of cultural identity. In Europe, a wide variety of food practices and culinary cultures co-exist in close proximity, and Europeans thus face the dilemma that confronts all omnivores presented with a breadth of culinary options: while variety can bring the potential for enjoyment, the choice of something new can be perceived as a threat. Within this context, buffeted by the forces of globalisation, migration and supra-national EU regulation, culinary patterns associated with migration strive to come to terms with growing ‘gastronationalism’. This article dissects the differences and similarities in the way this tension manifests in Germany, Italy and Spain.
Consumer Preferences for Attributes in Food and Beverages in Developed and Emerging Export Markets and their Impact on the European Union and New Zealand
Authors: Saunders Caroline , Guenther Meike , Saunders John , Dalziel Paul , Rutherford Paul
Published: September 2021

This study examined consumer attitudes towards attributes in food and beverages in China, India, Indonesia, Japan and the UK. The attributes included basic attributes such as price and quality, but also extended to food safety and health benefits, as well as environmental and social attributes. The importance of factors affecting key attributes were examined in more detail. The study used a web-based survey with 1,000 middle and upper income consumers in each country. In addition, the potential economic impact of agricultural returns of different levels of premiums for food attributes in the EU and New Zealand were examined using the partial equilibrium Lincoln Trade and Environment Model (LTEM). This study found that consumers from developing countries valued food attributes more than the developed countries. Trade model projections showed an important impact on the agricultural sectors in the EU and New Zealand from the different levels of premiums for food attributes in selected overseas markets.
Interculturalism, education and society: Education policies for immigrant students in Italy
Authors: Santagati Mariagrazia
Published: September 2021

The article seeks to illustrate Italian educational policies for students with an immigrant background within the context of the EU intercultural framework. Italy can be considered the EU country where interculturalism is more widely recognized in terms of pedagogical theory and school legislation. However, the Italian approach is characterized by a weak and contradictory relationship between policy, teaching strategies and educational experiences. To support this argument, I will refer to a review of Italian sociological studies, which demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of the interculturalism as applied to the Italian education system. The conflict between theory and practices is illustrated by empirical findings that suggest immigrant students are still not granted equality of opportunity, linguistic and cultural diversities are almost absent from most school curricula, and a positive dialogue between culturally different subjects is still more of an aspiration than a fact. More research is needed in order to monitor and evaluate if intercultural practice is indeed a true expression of the ideas to which it aspires.
Normative Power Europe and in Field of Human Rights: is the EU a Force for Good in the World?"
Authors: Noureddine Raja
Published: September 2021

Ian Manners (2002) famously argued that the European Union (EU) is a ‘normative’ power. According to this description, ethical values are fundamental both to the legal basis, and to the day- to-day policies of the EU. This essay evaluates the claim that the EU is a Normative Power, focusing on the field of human rights. Certainly, the EU strongly promotes its human rights policies as being a force for good in the world. The EU’s has traditionally been supportive of international legal regimes, and its human rights values have conditioned its relations with other actors. Despite this, the EU’s policies have often failed to change the behaviour of other actors. The main cause of this gap between rhetoric and reality is the conflict between the traditional realist interests of member states, and the ideals of the EU. The EU must be more conscious of this clash, if its human rights policies are to be successful.
Brexit: Australian Perspectives on International Trade and Customs Operations
Authors: Bergami Roberto
Published: September 2021

The decision made by a slight majority of voters in the UK to leave the EU, based on a non-binding referendum, sent initial shockwaves across the globe. The separation of the UK from the EU is still a process in the making, as there is no certainty about the negotiation approach the UK or the EU will adopt on the terms of the so called Brexit. This paper seeks to outline the major aspects of market access for the international trade of goods between the UK and the EU and the impact and opportunities for Australia, noting the comparatively greater importance of the EU 27 to Australia. The paper concludes that the economic interdependence between the UK and the EU warrants a win-win solution, despite the many as yet unknown challenges that lie ahead.
The Influence of Pan-Slavic Ideologies on Kosovar School Texts: Implications for Diplomatic Relations with Turkey
Authors: Rexha Blerina
Published: September 2021

Historical works produced by Kosovars are currently at the centre of diplomatic concerns. Today Turkey is one of Kosovo’s closest allies, but Turkish scholars and government officials are particularly critical of the way the history of the Ottoman Empire is being taught in Kosovo’s schools. In this article I consider how Pan-Slavic ideologies have influenced the writing of Kosovar Albanian histories, particularly during theYugoslav socialist era. I draw on research concerning the relationship between bias in historical textbooks and international conflict. Exploring examples of historical literature currently being taught in Kosovo’s primary and secondary schools, I analyse the discourses espoused by Kosovar historians in depicting the history of the Ottoman Empire. I argue that some of the Turkish criticisms are valid and hence there is need to revise historical texts used in Kosovo’s schools. In particular, there is a need to provide more objective accounts of Kosovar Albanian history in classrooms, especially as regards anti-Ottomanism and the Pan-Slavism. The amendment of Kosovar historical texts in schools would not only provide students with a more accurate and informed interpretation of the past, but also contribute to efforts seeking to improve diplomatic relations.
From European Colony to a New Era: EU-Vietnam Relations - 1990-2017
Authors: Nguyen Hang Thi Thuy , Mascitelli Bruno
Published: September 2021

In the international relations literature review, there have been voluminous studies on EU-ASEANrelations but only a small number on EU-Vietnam relations. Furthermore, it is obvious that most of studies thus far conducted on EU-Vietnam relations have dominantly addressed trade relations. As the EU and Vietnam have sought to build a comprehensive partnership and cooperation since 2012, itis important to provide an insight into the history of the EU-Vietnam relations in various areas. With this in mind, this paper seeks to examine the past, present and the future of the EU-Vietnam relations which will be thematically divided into two periods: (i) 1990-2005: Befriending; (ii) 2006-present:Strengthening the Friendship. Also, the paper will discuss the future direction for the EU -Vietnam relations. By using content analysis as the main research methodology, the paper has analysed official documents from both European Union and Vietnamese official bodies and scholarly writings todemonstrate that the EU and Vietnam have make a very comprehensive effort to intensify theirbilateral relations.
Dream-work: Surrealism and Revolutionary Subjectivity in André Breton and Georges Bataille
Authors: Dufficy Rory
Published: September 2021

This paper explores a polemic between André Breton and Georges Bataille around the question of the politics of the avant-garde. Focussing on texts composed in the late 1920s, principally Breton’s Second Manifesto of Surrealism and Bataille’s ‘The “Old Mole” and the Prefix Sur in the Words Surhomme and Surrealist’, this paper argues that in examining this debate around matter and material, it is possible to extract two distinct conceptions of the places of subjectivity and revolution in avant-garde aesthetics. While Breton wishes to separately define the idealist aesthetic projects of Surrealism and the materialist project for revolution, Bataille argues that a commitment to that materialist project requires a similarly materialist aesthetics.
Fremde Vertraute
Authors: Merbach Martin
Published: September 2021

Die Geburt des ersten Kindes stellt viele Partnerschaften vor Herausforderungen. Der Partner/die Partnerin wird in einer neuen Situation wahrgenommen, was oftmals mit Gefühlen von Fremdheit verbunden ist. Ausgehend von einem theoretischen Verständnis von Fremdheit wird im Artikel anhand eines Fallbeispiels eines bikulturellen Paares die Dynamik dieses Erlebens näher beleuchtet.
Das Paar im Übergang zur Elternschaft und veränderte gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen
Authors: Schleske Gisela
Published: September 2021

Analog der Adoleszenzentwicklung führen Schwangerschaft und frühe Elternschaft zur psychischen Transformation. Die Art der Veränderung wird neben körperlichen Veränderungen aber auch stark durch gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen geprägt. Die politisch gewollte Veränderung der Leitbilder in Deutschland weisen einerseits dem Vater in frühen Betreuungsfunktionen eine aktivere Rolle zu, fordern andrerseits aber auch einen frühzeitigeren Besetzungsabzug des Kindes zugunsten vermehrter Fremdbetreuung. Welche Auswirkungen hat das auf die Paardynamik und frühe Familienentwicklung?
Elternschaft in der Weltrisikogesellschaft
Authors: Waterstradt Désirée
Published: September 2021

Das Konzept »Verantwortete Elternschaft« entwickelte sich mit dem Aufstieg des Prinzips Verantwortung im 20. Jahrhundert. Aufgrund seiner verdeckten Paradoxien löst es die heutigen Probleme rund um Sozialisation und Familie jedoch nicht, sondern verschärft sie, wie die Kriterien eines zeitgemäßen Verantwortungsbegriffs zeigen. Der unreflektierte Anspruch unbegrenzter Elternverantwortung offenbart die zunehmende Ratlosigkeit in einer komplexen Weltrisikogesellschaft und eine Verantwortungsverlagerung, die in einer moralisierenden (Selbst-)Beschuldigung von Eltern bzw. insbesondere von Müttern mündet (Parent Blaming, Mother Blaming). Die schleichende Zuweisung immer neuer Aufgaben einer komplexen Moderne belastet Eltern individuell nicht selten weit über die Grenzen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit hinaus. Indem Kriterien der Elternverantwortung reflektiert und offengelegt werden, kann das Konzept wieder brauchbar werden.
Umgang mit psychischen Erkrankungen in der Schule
Authors: Rosenstock-Heinz Elke
Published: September 2021

In diesem Beitrag geht es darum, den Blick für psychische Auffälligkeiten in Elternhaus und Schule zu schärfen und eine Kooperation mit ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Praxen anzuregen. Kinder und Jugendliche werden primär in den frühen Institutionen wie Kindergarten und Grundschule auffällig. Warum? Was sind die häufigsten Ursachen? Um die Probleme der Kinder und Jugendlichen möglichst schnell erkennen und bearbeiten zu können, braucht es geschulte und empathische Lehrer, die gemeinsam mit den Eltern nach einer angemessenen Form der Unterstützung suchen. Aber auch in der Schule könnten Lehrer, wenn sie denn einen geschulten Blick hätten, präventiv vor Ort intervenieren und müssten nicht, wie so oft, Eltern auffordern, sich Medikamente für ihr auffälliges Kind verschreiben zu lassen. Im zweiten Teil des Beitrags wird am Beispiel ADHS eine familientherapeutische Behandlung in einer Praxis für Kinderund Jugendlichenpsychotherapie beschrieben.
Globalisierung und Entfremdung
Authors: Vasilache Andreas
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag behandelt den Zusammenhang von Globalisierung und Entfremdung. Zunächst sollen einige strukturelle Merkmale der zeitgenössischen Globalisierung herausgestellt werden. Danach wird auszuweisen sein, was unter Entfremdung verstanden werden kann. Im Anschluss daran sollen schließlich einige wesentliche Veränderungen der Lebenswelt der Gesellschaft und der Individuen durch Globalisierung ausgewiesen werden, die zu Entfremdungserfahrungen führen können. Dabei wird der Schwerpunkt auf ökonomischen, zeitlichen und kulturellen Auswirkungen der Globalisierung und den korrespondierenden Entfremdungspotenzialen liegen.
Ist eine Deradikalisierung möglich?
Authors: Sischka Kerstin
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag führt anhand der Situation von jungen Menschen, die sich radikalisiert haben und in den »Islamischen Staat« (»IS«) ausgereist sind, eine sozialpsychologisch-psychoanalytische Perspektive in die Extremismusprävention ein. Wie kam es dazu, dass sie sich einer radikalen, salafistischen Version des Islam zuwandten und ihrem Leben in Deutschland den Rücken zukehrten? Können psychoanalytische Konzepte helfen, zu verstehen was in der Entwicklung dieser Jugendlichen geschah und welche Familiendynamiken am Wirken waren? Welche Anhaltspunkte für die Familienberatung und Ausstiegsbegleitung lassen sich gewinnen?
Elternwerden aus bewährungstheoretischer Perspektive
Authors: Zizek Lalenia
Published: September 2021

Ziel der vorliegenden Auseinandersetzung ist es, professionalisierungstheoretische Schlussfolgerungen aus einer rekonstruktiven Mikrostudie zum Elternwerden zu ziehen. Der Prozess des Elternwerdens wird aus bewährungsund positionalitätstheoretischer und aus paarund familiendynamischer Perspektive beleuchtet und je anhand von Fallbeispielen veranschaulicht. Mit der Beziehungspraxis wird die zentrale Ressource für diesen Übergang thematisiert (L. Zizek, 2016). Die Fruchtbarkeit insbesondere der bewährungstheoretischen Perspektive für eine fallspezifische Reflexionsarbeit mit werdenden Eltern wird aufgezeigt. Eine Sensibilisierung für die meist latenten Bewährungsfiguren und -aufträge (B. Zizek, 2015) eröffnet ein besonderes Verständnis für die spezifische Situation der werdenden Eltern.
Die Jungenbeschneidung aus Sicht des Sozialwissenschaftlers Heinz-Jürgen Voß
Authors: Franz Matthias
Published: September 2021

Der Autor macht auf einen Beitrag von Heinz-Jürgen Voß im »Männergesundheitsbericht« 2017 aufmerksam, in dem Voß die allgemeine Beschneidung gesunder Jungen ohne individuelle medizinische Indikation befürwortet. Dem hält der Autor eindringlich entgegen, dass dies schon allein aufgrund des Risikos medizinischer und psychischer Folgen für die Beschnittenen ethisch abzulehnen sei. Voß blende die Risiken fahrlässig oder mutwillig aus und rücke damit wiederum auch den Männergesundheitsbericht in ein zweifelhaftes Licht. Aus psychoanalytischer Sicht beschreibt der Autor die Beschneidung als ein ursprüngliches Ritual, das patriarchalische Loyalität unter Nutzung der Kastrationsangst und des Abwehrmechanismus der Identifikation mit dem Aggressor erzeugt. Hierdurch und durch die resultierende zirkumskripte Empathiestörung der erwachsenen Männer gegenüber den kindlichen Opfern wird die Beschneidung transgenerational effektiv tradierbar. Sie formatiert, repliziert und kontrolliert männliche Identität und gruppale Funktionalität unter patriarchalischen Bedingungen.
CUSTOMER PERCEPTION ON SERVICE QUALITY TOWARDS TOURISM CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN MALAYSIAN MARINE TOURISM SECTOR
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Business Administration, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ULFY Mohammad Arije , HOSSIN Md Suliman ,   University Kuala Lumpur, UniKL Business School, Malaysia, KARIM Md Wasiul ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Business Administration, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, SUIB Fatin Husna Binti ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Department of Business Administration, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Marine based tourism has emerged as a subject of concern in the area of ocean and coastal management. Today, demand for marine tourism has increased dramatically and is highlighted as one of the new horizons and fastest-growing sectors in the world’s tourism industry. Malaysia is indeed one of the countries with the most beautiful and diversified marine life. The fundamental purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction of tourists towards the service quality of marine tourism in Malaysia. The development of the research framework is based on the SERVQUAL model. A total of 300 responses were received from the Klang Valley area of Malaysia. For the purpose of processing and analyzing the data, Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) method was employed. By applying a two-step approach, the study assesses the measurement model and the structural model. Findings from the survey reveal that assurance, tangibility, empathy, reliability, and responsiveness have a significant positive relationship with customer satisfaction thus these factors describe the customer satisfaction adequately. This study would enable policymakers and tourism companies to develop policies to improve customer satisfaction by increasing the quality of service.
Virtual Mechanical Testing of Rocket and Space Technology Objects Using Digital Twins
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Yakhutin S. A.
Published: September 2021

Virtual mechanical tests play an increasing role in the stage of ground experimental testing to prove the resistance of rocket and space technology products to mechanical impacts. An important indicator of virtual simulation quality, on the basis of which design decisions are made, is the accuracy of the results obtained, which can be estimated by verification with the results of full-scale tests. The paper proposes a variant of modifying the methods of vectors and state trees using fuzzy measure in the form of membership functions as a degree of truth of the concept “parameter by measurement results in tolerance” or “sample is recognized to be operable”. A methodology for virtual mechanical testing of rocket and space technology products on digital twins is proposed, which allows obtaining a quantitative assessment of the reliability of the generalized conclusion about the condition of the tested product in the form of a membership function reflecting the real degree of closeness of the assessment to its true state and implemented in the form of an appropriate program.
Using of Lattice Packing Theory for Determination of Clock Corrections for Precise Point Positioning Based on CDMA GNSS Signals
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Povalyaev A. A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (national research university), Baburin A. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Podkorytov A. N. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”,   Moscow Aviation Institute (national research university)
Published: September 2021

Using of lattice packing theory for computation of precise satellite clock corrections based on measurements from a ground network of GNSS CDMA signals (network solution) is considered. Advantage of lattice packing theory for this task solution in comparison with algebraic graph theory is described. Network solution based on of algebraic graph theory was considered in previous paper of the authors [3]. The precise satellite clock corrections are transmitted into the user receiver and applied to get the user coordinates with the errors usually not exceeding 1–3 cm. Ambiguity resolution of carrier phase measurements is used to get such precise satellite clock corrections; it leads to a considerable increase in positioning accuracy and a significant reduction of convergence time for user solution.
Creation of a Hardware-Software Dynamic Signal Simulator of the Upgraded Inter-Satellite Radio Link of the GLONASS System
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Cherkasova A. A. , Salakhov R. F. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Astaсhov D. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”
Published: September 2021

This work is aimed at creating a hardware-software signal simulator of the upgraded inter-satellite radio link (ISRL) of the GLONASS system. The simulator shapes ISRL signals with dynamically changing parameters of the Doppler frequency shift and delay, which correspond to the mutual dynamics of spacecraft (SC) motion of the GLONASS system. The upgraded inter-satellite radio link will provide (as compared to the current ISRL) an increase in the information transfer rate of up to four times, as well as boost the accuracy of measuring the distance between satellites by two times. Modernization consists in complementing the radio signal of the second orthogonal (phase-shifted carrier frequency by 90 degrees relative to the existing one) component. To modernize the ISRL, it is necessary to create and verify new equipment for receiving and transmitting signals of the upgraded ISRL of the GLONASS system. The simulator is designed to process measurement algorithms embedded in the on-board equipment for inter-satellite measurements and assess their consistency. Consistency evaluation consists in measuring and analyzing the difference between the Doppler parameters and delay introduced into the signal and the estimation of these parameters in the receiving equipment of the ISRL. This difference will be the measurement error. Dynamic simulation is performed for 24 system points, corresponding to GLONASS satellites, on the half-period of satellite revolution (20 280 seconds). The signal is generated at the input of the antenna-feeder device of one of the satellites in accordance with the information for generating the measuring signal, parameters of the transmitters of the signals of the upgraded ISRL and the almanac of the satellite constellation (because the signal at the input of the antenna-feeder device of the navigation receiver incomes from several SC) specified by the user.
Phase Ambiguity Resolution Method Using Processing of Code and Carrier Phase Pseudoranges in a Kalman-Type Filter
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Vovasov V. E. , Mazepa R. B. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Sukharev D. A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Voropaeva A. V. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”
Published: September 2021

The main problem of implementing high-precision pseudoranges by carrier phase lies in their ambiguity associated with the ambiguity of the phase measurements of the navigation receiver. Thus, the development of new methods for phase ambiguity resolution becomes a very important element of high-precision positioning. The paper considers relative methods for estimating the coordinates of a stationary object that involve the use of both user and base (network in the case of a network of base receivers) receivers with precisely known coordinates located at a distance of several thousand kilometers from each other. We propose an algorithm for phase ambiguity resolution (integer type) based on the use of a Kalman-type filter (KTF), which receives ionosphere-free combinations of code and carrier phase pseudoranges. It is shown that traditional methods of ambiguity resolution require a significant observation period (about 2,000 seconds). We propose a method for evaluating the linear combination of phase ambiguities in the L1 and L2 bands obtained from instantaneous phase measurements. Its application along with the estimation of KTF parameters makes it possible to resolve phase ambiguities from as early as 50 seconds of observation. Set forth are the results of an experiment, in which code pseudorange measurements are used prior to the resolution of phase ambiguities and carrier phase pseudorange measurements are used after ambiguity resolution.
Application of Radiation-Thermal Treatment to Suppress Sensitivity of Silicon Microcircuits to Single Radiation Effects
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Lagov P. B. , Drenin A. S. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Meshcheryakov A. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Yudanov N. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Golovanov S. V. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”
Published: September 2021

The paper analyses the possibility to reduce the sensitivity of silicon integrated circuits (ICs) to single radiation effects by means of radiation-thermal treatment including irradiation in charged particle accelerators and subsequent low-temperature heat treatment. It is shown that reduction in sensitivity to single radiation effects is provided by formation of thermostable recombination centers in semiconductor IC structure in necessary concentrations. At the same time a decrease in primary photocurrent generated by heavy charged particles or high-energy protons, reduction in transfer coefficients of parasitic bipolar transistors forming thyristor structures, reduction in carrier avalanche multiplication coefficients at high electric field strengths can be provided. Radiationthermal treatment can be introduced in the manufacturing process of ICs of various classes at the end of the manufacturing cycle and does not require correction of the basic technology. A possible undesirable growth of inverse currents and preservation of values of other electrical parameters within acceptable values when using radiation-thermal treatment is provided by choosing optimal modes of irradiation and annealing which are established in the course of experimental tests. The calculated evaluation has shown that using radiation-thermal treatment in the technology of IC fabrication can provide a decrease in the effective collection length of non-equilibrium charge carriers generated under the influence of single radiation effects by at least 10 times which allows considering radiation-thermal treatment as an effective technological tool to suppress the sensitivity to single radiation effects.
Problem and project-based learning as an educational philosophy: A novel conceptual model for higher education
Authors:   Özel Ege Lisesi, İzmir, Turkey, Korkmaz Güneş
Published: September 2021

Educational transformation at universities driven by the radical changes in society, culture, politics, economy, technology and industry has changed the knowledge, skills and competences demanded from individuals in professional life. This has also led to the problem and project-based learning (PBL) to gain importance once again. PBL is a learning model that all curriculum components are oriented at problems. This study aims to analyze the evolution of PBL from a teaching method to educational philosophy and to propose a novel conceptual model for an institution-level PBL design. This paper is based on a narrative approach to analyze the literature, proposes new relationships among constructs and creates links between existing theories to give a novel and broader insight to the theories using a combination of theory synthesis, adaptation, typology, and model. We think that problem and project-based learning should be considered together to create a framework to design a curriculum in higher education to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Also, we believe that the PBL model we proposed in our study can shed light on the practice of the universities in performing their educational and societal roles.
Paragastric, lesser omentum neural block to prevent early visceral pain after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A randomized clinical trial protocol
Authors: Daes Jorge , Pantoja Rafael , Hanssen Andrés , Luque Elika , Morrell David , Pauli Eric
Published: September 2021

The somatic pain induced by surgical trauma to the abdominal wall after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is effectively managed using conventional analgesia and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks. In contrast, the visceral, colicky, pain that patients experience after LSG does not respond well to traditional pain management. Patients typically experience epigastric and retrosternal pain that begin immediately after LSG and lasts up to 72 hours after LSG. This visceral type of pain has been ascribed to the spasm of the neo-gastric sleeve. The pain is often severe and requires opioid derivatives. Patients frequently have associated autonomic symptoms such as nausea, retching and vomiting. In the last 15 years at our institutions, we have used many analgesic strategies to manage this burdensome symptom in the more than 2000 LSG procedures we have performed, but none have been satisfactorily effective1,2.
Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) Produced in Pseudomonas Sp. Isolated from Rhizospheric Soil
Authors: Samantaray Utkalendu Suvendusekhar , Sethi Swapnarani
Published: September 2021

A phytohormone is a molecule that controls the development of plants. Auxin and cytokines, which may be acquired as synthetic compounds or produced by microorganisms, which promote plant growth, are employed to enhance crop yield. Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) is a key phytohormone that controls a number of physiological processes in plants. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the most prevalent endogenous auxin, is involved in stem elongation and root formation. Auxin levels are usually higher in the rhizosphere. The possibility of rhizosphere bacteria to encourage direct plant development has been recognised as a crucial component of auxin (IAA) production. They promote the growth of lateral roots, which increases the surface area available for nutrition absorption and enhances nutrient and water absorption from the soil. The objective of this research is to isolate, characterise, and identify bacteria that produce indole acetic acid in rhizospheric soil. Bacterial colonies were isolated using the serial dillution technique on nutrient agar medium from rhizospheric soil samples of a rice crop. Five rhizospheric bacterial isolates (RIPB-1 to RIPB-30) were identified as effective Indole acetic acid makers after qualitative screening. The quantity of Indole acetic acid produced by five bacterial strains was tested for up to 120 hours. The amount of Indole acetic acid they could generate ranged from 1 to 11.2 g/ml. The bacterial strain RIPB-20 (11.2 g/ml) generated the highest Indole acetic acid after 72 hours of incubation, followed by RIPB-14. Based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical features, the bacterial isolate RIPB-20 was tentatively identified as Bacillus sp. Finally, the finding shows that the bacteria, which have capacity to produce Indole acetic acid, are good biofertilizer inoculants for growth of plant.
A Review on Understanding the Connecting link between Genes and Cancer and the Involvement of Genetics in Cancer Development
Authors: Bora Jutishna , Saha Ishani
Published: September 2021

Cancer genetics is the scientific discipline that investigates the genes and pathways that drive the development of cancer. Cancer geneticists use several approaches including the analysis of the genomes of cancer patients, and that of their tumors, to identify cancer genes. These studies are performed along with experiments in in vitro and in vivo models to decipher the mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis. Cancer geneticists aim to identify cancer genes, that when mutated, contribute towards cancer development by promoting tumor cell growth and by conferring upon a neoplastic cell the ability to evade the cell cycle and apoptosis checkpoints that might normally control their growth. Cancer geneticists are also interested in the networks and pathways that contribute to tumor development and the way cancer genes work together to market tumor evolution.
मुक्त आर्थिक धोरण आणि डॉ. आंबेडकरांचे तत्वज्ञान
Authors: BAGDE RAKSHIT MADAN
Published: September 2021

मुक्त आर्थिक धोरण आणि डॉ. आंबेडकरांचे तत्वज्ञान
Towards a more inclusive and equitable developmental cognitive neuroscience
Authors: Nketia Jazlyn , Amso Dima , Brito Natalie Hiromi
Published: September 2021

Brain and cognitive development is a burgeoning area of scientific inquiry, with tremendous potential to better the lives of children. Large scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies offer opportunities for significant scientific advances in our understanding of developing brain structure and function. The proposed manuscript will focus on the scientific potential of the HEALthy Brain and Cognitive Development (HBCD) Study, highlighting what questions these data can and what they cannot answer about child development. Specifically, we caution against the misuse of these data for advancing de-contextualized and scientifically questionable narratives about the development of children from marginalized communities. We will focus on building and organizing a framework for interpreting HBCD data through the lens of sampling, cultural context, measurement, and developmental science theory. Our goal is to thoughtfully offer the scientific community opportunities to use the large scale and collaborative nature of HBCD to collectively revise practices in developmental science that to-date have not carefully considered their own role in perpetuating narratives that support systemic injustice.
How Disgust Affects Social Judgments
Authors: Inbar Yoel , Pizarro David Alexander
Published: September 2021

The emotion of disgust has been claimed to affect a diverse array of social judgments, including moral condemnation, inter-group prejudice, political ideology, and much more. We attempt to make sense of this large and varied literature by reviewing the theory and research on how and why disgust influences these judgments. We first describe two very different perspectives adopted by researchers on why disgust should affect social judgment. The first is the pathogen-avoidance account, which sees the relationship between disgust and judgment as resulting from disgust’s evolved function as a pathogen-avoidance mechanism. The second is the extended disgust account, which posits that disgust functions much more broadly to address a range of other threats and challenges. We then review the empirical evidence to assess how well it supports each of these perspectives, arguing that there is more support for the pathogen-avoidance account than the extended account. We conclude with some testable empirical predictions that can better distinguish between these two perspectives.
Teilhabe von Eltern an schulischem Lernen mit Family-Literacy-Programmen. Langzeiteffekte von „LIFE – Lesen in Familie erleben“ auf die elterliche Unterstützung beim Lesenlernen
Authors: Bonanati Sabrina , Gruchel Nicole , Kurock Ricarda , Buhl Heike M.
Published: September 2021

Family-Literacy-Programme stellen eine gute Möglichkeit dar, Eltern in Bildungsprozesse einzubeziehen. Am Beispiel des Programms „LIFE – Lesen in Familie erleben“ wird die Wirkung auf elterliche Unterstützung beim Lesenlernen von Erstklässler*innen unter Einbezug von Eltern- und Kinderperspektive untersucht. Sowohl direkt nach dem Programm als auch ein halbes Jahr später wirkte das Programm positiv auf verschiedene Arten der Anschlusskommunikation beim gemeinsamen Lesen.
Elternbeteiligung als Potenzial zur Förderung des schulischen Erfolgs. Ein Second-Order-Review
Authors: Täschner Janina , Holzberger Doris , Hillmayr Delia
Published: September 2021

Dieses Second-Order-Review geht der Frage nach, inwiefern verschiedene Formen der Elternbeteiligung (home-based parental involvement, school-based parental involvement und academic socialization) die schulische Leistung und Motivation von Schüler*innen fördern können. Die systematische Auswertung von 18 Metaanalysen zeigt größtenteils positive, aber unterschiedlich große Effekte. Daraus ergeben sich vielfältige Möglichkeiten, wie Schulen mit ihrer pädagogischen Expertise Elternbeteiligung gezielt unterstützen können.
Relationship of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) mortality in the area of Fužine with climatic and structural parameters
Authors: Ugarković Damir , Potočić Nenad , Orešković Marko , Popić Krešimir , Ognjenović Mladen , Tikvić Ivica , Seletković Ivan
Published: September 2021

Tree dieback is a complex process involving negative impact of various abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors. Climate change, comprising all those effects, is generally considered as the largest threat to forest ecosystems in Europe. Although the scale of climate change impacts on forests is not yet fully understood, especially on the regional or species level, significant damage seems to be caused by weather extremes, such as drought and strong winds. With the expected increase in the number, length, and/or intensity of extreme weather events in Croatia, research into the causes of tree mortality is both important and timely.
Silver fir is the most damaged and endangered conifer tree species in Croatia. The dieback of silver fir can be attributed to various factors, therefore the goals of this research were to determine the mortality of silver fir trees (by number and volume) for various causes of mortality, among which the climatic and structural parameters were of most interest. The twenty-year data for tree mortality in pure silver fir stands in the area of Fužine (Gorski kotar, Croatia) were collected and analysed. The largest number and volume of dead trees was caused by complex (multiple causes) dieback in the overstorey (0,75 N/ha, 2,35 m3/ha), and the smallest (0,17 N/ha, 0,02 m3/ha) by dieback of supressed trees. No significant differences were determined regarding the timing of tree death for different causes of mortality. Climatic parameters (drought, air temperature, PET) and structural parameters of the stands (tree DBH, social position, crown diameter, shading, physiological maturity) as well as plot inclination were found to be the factors of a significant influence on the mortality of silver fir trees.
Distribution of 137Cs and 40K in the tissue of silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.) from Lika (Croatia)
Authors: Popijač Marina
Published: September 2021

The research on activities of 137Cs and 40K, which was conducted on the silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) from Lika has included sampling of the trees in the field (rings of the bole from three different heights separated into bark, growth rings, roots, needles, shoots, and the soil surrounding the cut down trees), laboratory analysis of samples using the gamma-ray spectrometry and the statistical analysis of the collected data. The radial and vertical distribution of cesium (137Cs) in trees was investigated. 137Cs has contaminated forest ecosystems by remote atmospheric transport and radioactive precipitation as a result of nuclear test including the nuclear accident in Chernobyl. On a longer time scale, the variability of the 137Cs distribution determined in the organisms of the silver fir depended on the half-life, while the seasonal dynamics were influenced by the degree of physiological activity and the characteristics and functions of plant tissues. The highest activity of 137Cs was determined in the bark and the physiologically most active parts of the silver fir (shoots and needles). The highest activity concentration of the 137Cs in the growth rings was measured in the lowest parts of the silver fir trees. This research contributed to understanding the behavior of 137Cs, which entered the organisms of dominant tree species in the forest ecosystem, as well as its distribution in time and space.
Prvi nalaz Cacopsylla pulchella (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Mujezinović Osman , Dautbašić Mirza
Published: September 2021

U ovom radu je opisan prvi nalaz invazivne vrste (Cacopsylla pulchella) na području Bosne i Hercegovine. Ovo je potencijalno invazivna vrsta posebno za područje mediterana, odnosno južnih dijelova naše zemlje. Monofagna je vrsta, koja se hrani na judinom drvetu Cercis siliquastrum L. Značaj domaćina ovog štetnika u urbanim površinama, posebice u području Hercegovine te karakter invazivnosti, upućuju na ozbiljnost problema i potrebu dodatnih istraživanja bionomije i štetnosti.
Evaluation of the performance between post process kinematic and static technique in the forest environment
Authors: Pirti Atinç , Gürsel Hoşbaş Ramazan
Published: September 2021

A GNSS involves a constellation of satellites orbiting Earth, continuously transmitting signals that enable users to determine their three-dimensional (3D) position with global coverage. The positioning principle is based on solving an elemental geometric problem, involving the distances (ranges) of a user to a set of at least 4-5 GNSS satellites with known coordinates. These ranges and satellite coordinates are determined by the user’s receiver using signals and navigation data transmitted by the satellites; the resulting user coordinates can be computed to an accuracy of several metres. However, centimetre-level positioning can be achieved using more advanced techniques (kinematic). GPS/GLONASS technique is becoming compulsory for many applications concerning forest management and inventory. This paper aims to comparing the coordinates resulted from Post Process Kinematic with the resulted coordinates for the same points resulted from static technique. Nonetheless, it appears that forest measurements with ± 1 cm accuracy cannot be guaranteed on all occasions, since difficult situations may lead to greater errors (about ±10 cm accuracy for horizontal components and about ± (20-100) cm accuracy for vertical components).
Uloga ekološke certifikacije u kontekstu održivog gospodarenja šumama Republike Hrvatske
Authors: Landekić Matija , Gajšek Ana , Seletković Gabrijela , Šporčić Mario
Published: September 2021

Neodrživost i nesrazmjer između dostupnosti resursa i tržišne ekonomije, te ustrajna degradacija okoliša, rezultat su pojave politički podržanog globalnog koncepata održivi razvoj. U poslovnom svijetu široko prihvaćenih oblika ponašanja koje su poslovne organizacije prihvatile i primjenjuju kao odgovor na zahtjev za održivim razvojem je »društveno odgovorno poslovanje«. Poduzeća u sektoru šumarstva okolišni aspekt društveno odgovornog poslovanja provode u praksi kroz (a) certifikaciju šuma kao mehanizam unapređenja upravljanja i gospodarenja šumama te (b) kroz certifikaciju ekoloških proizvoda. Shodno navedenom, u uvodu rada daje se prikaz krovnih organizacija i nacionalnih modela certifikacije poljoprivrednih i šumarskih proizvoda. Središnji dio rada prikazuje zakonodavni okvir i postupak stručne kontrole u ekološkoj proizvodnji. Dodatno, u središnjem dijelu rada ističu se primjeri dobre prakse certifikacije nedrvnih šumskih proizvoda kroz FSC standarde i ekološku certifikaciju proizvoda. U sklopu diskusije i zaključaka navode se ključni razlozi za slabu zainteresiranost ekološke certifikacije, ali i sakupljanja i prerade, nedrvnih šumskih proizvoda u Republici Hrvatskoj. Zaključno se navodi potreba pronalaženja idejnog rješenja tranzicije sa prema trupcu orijentiranog tradicionalnog gospodarenja, na multifunkcionalno održivo gospodarenje pod motom »od trupca ka bobici«.