bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL E COOPERAÇÃO PARA O CRESCIMENTO ESTRATÉGICO DE ORGANIZAÇÕES PORTUÁRIAS
Authors: Ferreira Giselly Cavalcanti , Gouveia Luís Borges , Cutrim Sérgio Sampaio
Published: May 2023

Por meio de uma revisão da literatura e através de uma pesquisa documental, qualitativa, o artigo tem o objetivo de relacionar os principais estudos pertinentes aos sistemas cooperativos no setor portuário. Para atingir esse objetivo, é apresentada a importância do uso da tecnologia para a transformação digital nos portos, com destaque para a tecnologia, Internet das coisas (IoT), como sistemas cooperativos. O estudo evidenciou que a IoT vem se tornando responsável pelas novas transformações digitais que estão ingressando no mercado portuário, viabilizando diferencial estratégico e competitivo.
MÉTODOS QUANTITATIVOS PARA EQUILÍBRIO ECONÔMICO DA TARIFÁRIA PORTUÁRIA
Authors: Monteiro Sandro José
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho contempla uma proposta de modelo de aplicação prática quanto ao procedimento de reajuste e revisão tarifária dos portos organizados, bem como uma releitura dos fundamentos da economia industrial sob a ótica da regulação dos portos, pontuando os mecanismos de incentivo à eficiência de estratégia de preços aplicáveis ao setor. Traz também elementos teóricos e analíticos de equilíbrio econômico-financeiro baseado no lucro operacional da autoridade portuária. Tem como objetivo auxiliar a exploração econômica do porto público e o equilíbrio das contas das entidades envolvidas, podendo ser aplicado para os portos nacionais ou estrangeiros. Debate também a natureza da tarifa portuária, bem como os mecanismos de maximização de eficiência disponíveis. É uma continuação do trabalho apresentado no CIDESPORT 2020, e posteriormente publicado na Revista Estratégia e Negócios, em 2021.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Interpersonal dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Wati Puja Ayu , Badrianto Yuan
Published: May 2023

Perkembangan sektor retail dalam negeri mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat dari waktu  ke waktu yang ditandai dengan munculnya banyak perusahaan-perusahaan baru dan secara otomatis mengakibatkan timbulnya persaingan yang ketat dalam dunia usaha. Untuk mencapai komunikasi yang efektif pada sebuah perusahaan, tentunya harus dilandasi dengan memiliki sumber daya manusia yang juga berkualitas Komunikasi Interpersonal memelihara motivasi sementara kecerdasan emosional adalah hal lain yang mempengaruhi untuk mencapai kinerja yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh komunikasi. Data penelitian ini menggunakan sampel yang berjumlah 53 karyawan Pt. Matahari Putra Prima Tbk selama periode Juni dengan menggunakan metode non probability sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana untuk membuktikan hipotesis penelitian. Data yang telah memenuhi uji validitas, uji reliabilitas serta uji asumsi klasik kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan persamaan regresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa komunikasi Interpersonal dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan, kecerdasan Emosional dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan.
A Participatory Turn in Mathematics Education Research: Possibilities and Tensions
Authors: Osibodu Oyemolade , Byun Sunghwan , Hand Victoria , LópezLeiva Carlos
Published: May 2023

Mathematics education researchers concerned with justice and rehumanizing mathematics education are increasingly calling for research that takes seriously the values, commitments, and voices of the communities for which the research is most consequential. Exclusion of or superficial engagement with these perspectives and experiences in research and design processes have perpetuated deficit perspectives of minoritized communities, rendering them simply the object of reform efforts. Consequently, this Research Commentary conceptualizes a participatory turn in mathematics education research, offering a set of commitments that guide and examine the possibilities and tensions of such a turn.
POVEZANOST STIGMATIZACIJE MALOLJETNIH PRESTUPNIKA I DEZORGANIZACIJE PORODICE
Authors: Lazić Ljubinka
Published: May 2023

Ovaj naučni rad se bavi analizom pojave stigmatizacije maloljetnih prestupnika od strane porodice maloljetnika. Porodica je grupa u kojoj se zadovoljavaju osnovne potrebe djece i koja ima reproduktivnu, vaspitnu i zaštitnu funkciju. Dezorganizacija porodice se negativno održava na članove, a od posebnog interesa je uticaj takve porodice na djecu. U ovom radu se polazi od postavke da dezorganizovana porodica ima uticaj na pojavu i razvoj stigmatizacije kod maloljetnih prestupnika.. Opšti cilj rada je se analizira kauzalno-posljedična veza dezorganizacije porodice i pojave stigmatizacije djece koja su ispoljila prestupničko ponašanje, a što se, u krajnjoj tački, negativno održava i na proces resocijalizacije. Nakon deskripcije pojmova, u radu su prezentovani rezultati sprovedenih istraživanja i analize literature. Poseban osvrt je izvršen na ispitivanje uticaja pojave stigmatizacije na rezultate u procesu resocijalizacije maloljetnih prestupnika, a prema mišljenjima stručnih radnika ustanova socijalne zaštite. Analiza je pokazala značajnu povezanost između stigmatizirajućih stavova porodice kao aktera procesa resocijalizacije i pojave stigmatizacije maloljetnih prestupnika. Zaključna razmatranja ukazuju na značaj zdrave, integrisane porodice za proces resocijalizacije, te na značaj saradnje centra za socijalni rad, porodice, škole i lokalne zajednice kao strategije u prevenciji prestupničkog ponašanja i stigmatizacije maloljetnika.
PRIMJENA TELETERAPIJE U LOGOPEDSKOM RADU
Authors: Pavičić Dokoza Katarina
Published: May 2023

Pandemija i lockdown utjecali su na sve segmente života pa tako i na pružanje zdravstvenih usluga. Iako se tehnologije za rehabilitaciju na daljinu primjenjuju dulje razdoblje u području medicine, u logopedskom radu je to uglavnom bilo povezano s pružajem usluga na području SAD-a i Australije. Stanovništvo Hrvatska je, osim pandemije, tijekom 2020. bilo suočeno i s posljedicama dva razorna potresa što je dodatno rezultiralo potrebom brze implementacije digitalnih tehnologija u proces rehabilitacije, odgoja i obrazovanja. Istraživanje koje je proveo Dhawan (2020) navodi da su prednosti sustava učenja i rehabilitacije na daljinu velika fleksibilnost mjesta i vremena učenja i rehabilitacije, dok su izazovi tehničke poteškoće, nemogućnost učinkovitog upravljanja vremenom, distrakcija, te frustracije uzrokovane okolinskim čimbenicima. Tijekom 2020. god. značajno je povećan broj znanstvenih istraživanja usmjerenih na uspješnost pružanja logopedskih usluha na daljinu, tvz. teleterapije kao i na procjenu stavova pružatelja i korisnika telerehabilitacijskih usluga. Cilj ovog rada je dati pregled istraživanja na temu provođenja rehabilitacije na daljinu, posebice u radu s djecom s jezično-govornim poremećajima i oštećenjam sluha kao i rezultate njene evaluacije od strane pružatelja i korisnika telerehabilitacijskih usluga. Analiza podataka ide u prilog tome da je primjena teleterapije, tj. rehabilitacije na daljinu polučila vrlo dobre rezultate. Povratne informacije od strane pružatelja i korisnika teleterapijskih usluga omogućavaju bolje strukturiranje trenutnih programa, didaktičkih sadržaja i metodičkih pristupa u logopedskom radu u cilju očuvanja kontinuirane, pravovremne i pravovaljane logopedske usluge.
VEŠTAČKA INTELIGENCIJA I RAČUNARI KAO POMOĆ U ŠKOLSKOM I VANŠKOLSKOM OBRAZOVANJU DECE SA SMETNJAMA U RAZVOJU
Authors: Radaković Mladen , Nestorov Stevan , Radaković Katarina
Published: May 2023

Problem u komunikaciji dece sa smetnjama u razvoju je jedna od glavnih prepreka u njihovoj socijalizaciji i uključivanju u društvo. Računari, pametni uredjaji i veštačka inteligencija mogu pomoći deci u napredovanju. Veštačka inteligencija, u širem smislu, može da predstavlja računarski program koji simulira ponašanje inteligentnog bića. Program razvijen na toj osnovi je u mogućnosti da donosi odluke i prepoznaje pojave i šablone koje pre toga nikada nije imao prilike da vidi i da analizira. Aplikaciju veštačke inteligencije možemo videti svuda oko nas. Moderan razvoj software-a omogućava programerima da uz minimalan napor iskoriste gotove platforme bazirane na mašinskom učenju i veštačkoj inteligenciji i prilagode ih svojim potrebama i jednostavnoj upotrebi. Moguće aplikacije veštačke inteligencije u obrazovanju dece sa smetnjama u razvoju su različite. Multimedijalnost uredjaja koji su dostupni deci i koje karakteriše mogućnost dužeg održavanja dečije pažnje se može iskoristiti za prepoznavanje, analizu i poredjenje video zapisa, zvuka i vežbu koordinacije pokreta, za razvoj komunikacije, socijalnih veština, kao i za različite dijagnostičke sisteme. Sadržaj zasnovan na veštačkoj inteligenciji može omogućiti rad sa decom kako u školi, tako i kod kuće. Rad je nastao kao deo projekta “Razvoj softvera za poboljšanje komunikacionih, akademskih i socijalnih veština dece sa smetnjama u razvoju”.
ODNOS JEZIČKOG RAZVOJA I JEZIČKIH POREMEĆAJA KOD DJECE SA BILINGVIZMOM
Authors: Vuković Bojana , Ćalasan Slađana , Vegar Andrea
Published: May 2023

Područje jezičkog razvoja i jezičkih poremećaja kod djece sa bilingvizmom zaokuplja posebnu pažnju istraživača poslednjih godina. U ovom radu su sistematski prikazani razvoj jezičke strukture i jezički poremećaji kod djece sa bilingvizmom. Cilj nam je bio da na osnovu analize dostupne literature doprinesemo boljem razumjevanju mogućih smetnji u jezičkom razvoju kod djece koja odrastaju u bilingvalnoj sredini. Na osnovu pregleda većeg broja empirijskih i preglednih radova, možemo da kažemo da se jezički razvoj kod bilingvalne djece razmatra u poređenju sa monolingvalnim vršnjacima. Pokazano je da bilingvalna kao i monolingvalna djeca tipičnog jezičkog razvoja postepeno usvajaju sve elelmente jezičke strukture, s tim što se kod bilingvizma otkrivaju određene specifičnosti u tom razvoju. Zaključeno je da je nedostatak pouzdanog instrumentarija koji bi ravnopravno procjenjivao oba jezika, s tim da se u obzir moraju uzeti mnogi drugi faktori, tip bilingvizma, sredina, kognitivni faktori i njihova reperkusija na jezički razvoj.
What Acceptance Is
Authors: Daddario Will
Published: May 2023

This is a personal and philosophical reflection on the theme of acceptance as it relates to my grief journey following the deaths of my son and father (among others) in recent years. Its main premise is that acceptance is a state of being given, and, as such, we would do well to stop not accepting. To learn how to do this, I draw on a wide range of sources, from Christian and Persian mystics (Marguerite Porete, Simone Weil, Rumi, Hāfez), to rock singers (Jeremy Enigk, Eddie Vedder, Chris Cornell, Kurt Cobain, Maynard James Keenan), to architects (Rem Koolhaas). I also dive into the Ancient Greek etymology of the word “acceptance.” The overall result is a philosophical guide into acceptance.
Colección Razetti. Volumen XXVII
Authors:   Presidenta Academia Nacional de Medicina, Nezer de Landaeta Isis , Sorgi Venturoni Marco
Published: May 2023

Con esta publicación la Academia rinde homenaje a su Fundador y primer Secretario. La obra de Razetti es extensa y abarca numerosos campos de la Medicina. Deseamos que contribuya a mantener perennemente en nuestra memoria la vida y la obra de este insigne médico venezolano.
Conferencia multifacética Dr. Beato José Gregorio Hernández: un ser cabal contrariado José Gregorio Hernández y la adversidad
Authors:   Arzobispo Metropolitano de Caracas, Porras Cardozo Baltazar Enrique
Published: May 2023

Está muy extendida la creencia de que los santos son seres más parecidos a los ángeles o a los extraterrestres, por lo que son inalcanzables. Se debe, en buena parte, a las famosas “vidas de santos” en las que se exaltan de tal manera sus virtudes, que dejan en la penumbra la condición humana, siempre frágil y perfectible. En el caso de José Gregorio se corre el peligro de situarlo en un tiempo ahistórico, inexistente, que no toma en cuenta el escenario real en el que desarrolló su ciclo vital: la Venezuela rural empobrecida, la situación política llena de asonadas, la parálisis económica y social que nos sumergió en un país en caos. No escapa el que lo consideremos un héroe inalcanzable, difícil por no decir imposible imitarlo o superarlo. Sin embargo, en medio de tantas calamidades un puñado de hombres y mujeres se sobrepusieron al atraso en el campo educativo y en diversos proyectos que atisbaban una sociedad mejor. Claro, se trató de experiencias puntuales que no llegaron, entonces, al alma del resto de nuestros compatriotas.
La tecnología emergente: una visión en la construcción de una teoría teleo-epistémica multidimensional para la formación del nuevo cirujano general
Authors: de De Abreu Alba Cardozo
Published: May 2023

El propósito fundamental de esta investigación fue construir una teoría teleo-epistémica multidimensional en la formación profesional del cirujano general desde una visión tecnológica emergente. Para tal fin, se asumió el modelo Epistémico Antropológico o Humanista y el Método Hermenéutico. El escenario lo constituyó el Servicio de Cirugía III del Hospital Vargas de Caracas, mientras que los informantes o actores sociales fueron 2 docentes, 3 residentes quirúrgicos de tercer año de postgrado y dos pacientes del referido hospital. Los hallazgos obtenidos evidencian que los informantes no se sienten preparados para afrontar con éxito las intervenciones quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas que requieren la manipulación de técnicas y equipos quirúrgicos de avanzada tecnología, por lo que requieren más formación en competencias.
Psychophysiological methods
Authors: Holmberg Nils , Heiselberg Lene , Lindholm Jenny , Knudsen Erik
Published: May 2023

In this section, Journalistica puts a spotlight on research methods used in journalism studies and/or journalism practice.

Listen to the Journalistica podcast episode about this article on Spotify or in your browser.
Approach to the diagnosis and management of snakebite envenomation in South Africa in humans
Authors: Hardcastle T C , Kajee M , Lachenicht K , Van der Walt N
Published: May 2023

Snakebites occur in the community, not in the Emergency Unit. As such it is important to understand the first-aid concepts and pre-hospital emergency care aspects of this neglected disease. This article will highlight the concepts for emergency care within the context of the current pre-hospital arena and in light of the recent South African Snakebite Symposium consensus meeting held in July 2022, where wilderness rescue, emergency medical services and other medical participants agreed through evidence review and consensus debate on the current best approaches to care of the snakebite victim outside the hospital environment.
The effect of cutting management on seed yield, seed yield components, and seed quality of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)
Authors: Vasiljević Sanja , Nikolić Zorica , Katanski Snežana , Mamlić Zlatica , Đukić Vojin , Uhlarik Ana , Dolapčev Rakić Anja , Balać Miloš
Published: May 2023

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is the second most important perennial forage legume in the Republic of Serbia, cultivated on 90-120.000 ha. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cutting management on seed yield, some seed yield components, and seed quality of the NS red clover variety Una during the second and third year of growing. Five cutting managements with variable dates of initial cutting were tested in the 2019-2020 period. The first cutting was used for seed production in the C1 management and the second growth in the C2-C5 managements (C2-budding, C3-start of flowering, C4-mid of flowering, and C5-full flowering). In all cutting systems, significantly higher seed yields were achieved in the second year of growing. Unfavourable environmental conditions for pollinators as well as thinning of red clover crops in the third year of growing are the main reasons for low seed yields. The highest seed yield (539 kg/ha) was achieved in the C2 cutting management in the second year of growing. The cutting management had no significant effects on red clover seed quality.
Centralism and Decentralization as a Principle of Public Control in the Russian Federation
Authors: Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Porkashyan Margarita Arturovna , Spektor Lyudmila Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2023

The Institute of Public Control in the Russian Federation is one of the most important legal guarantees for the implementation and protection of the constitutional principles of democracy and the participation of society in the management of state affairs. The legal regulation of this institution of civil society is based on a number of principles - the basic, most general principles that determine the content and main directions of regulation of this institution of civil society in the Russian Federation. This article is devoted to the analysis of centralism and decentralization as a principle of public control in the Russian Federation. The paper uses a number of principles of scientific research, in particular, historical-legal, comparative-legal, analysis, synthesis, etc. The purpose of the study is not only to formalize and substantiate the need to include in the current legislation the principle of centralism and decentralization in the organization and activities of subjects of public control, but also to identify and formalize the main problems that hinder the implementation according to the principle of this institution of civil society, a system of measures for their resolution has been developed and justified. The achievement of this research goal involves the implementation of a number of scientific tasks, in particular: 1) analysis of the concept and content of the principles of public control in the Russian Federation; 2) study of the list of these principles enshrined in the legislation on public control, in particular, in Federal Law No. 212-FZ dated 21.07.2014 "On the basics of public control in the Russian Federation"; 3) justification of the need to supplement this list with new principles (with formalization and indication of the author's definitions of their names and content); 4) analysis of the content of the principle of centralism and decentralization in the organization and activities of subjects of public control; 5) identification of the main problems hindering the implementation of this principle; 6) development and justification of a system of measures to resolve them, including by making appropriate changes and additions to legislation of the Russian Federation.
Strategy of Special Professional Training of Polygraph Examiners in the System of Departmental Education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Sadekov Rustem Rafekovich
Published: May 2023

The author examines in detail in his work the issues related to the methodological and software-educational support for the training of polygraph examiners in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The work is mainly devoted to the analysis and description of the basic principles of special professional training of polygraph examiners, the structure of the training program and an objective assessment of its effectiveness. New trends in the training of polygraph examiners are also considered, including new methods and approaches in training and innovative technologies used in the process of professional training. It is also noted the need for continuous improvement of the system of professional training of polygraph examiners in the system of departmental education, taking into account the requirements for this category of specialists. A significant contribution of the author in the conducted research is that effective pedagogical tools, methods and techniques are considered and proposed, which allow using them to improve the system of professional training of polygraph examiners of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It is noted that, in turn, the introduction of adjustments to the educational programs of vocational training should be planned and based on the best and effective developments of scientists and practitioners in the system of departmental education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and other law enforcement agencies. The use of high-quality pedagogical content in the educational process will significantly increase the level of education and competence of polygraph examiners in modern conditions
The phenomenon of digitalization of the drama theater: digital as the latest experience of the Tovstonogov BDT
Authors: Batarshin Roman Raifovich
Published: May 2023

The development of the vital potential of the drama theater is in a continuous search for new forms of expression. Today, in an attempt to establish itself on the territory of a multicultural environment, as well as in an attempt to gain a unique method of communication with society, the theater as an art sphere expands the boundaries of its purpose. Going beyond the stage space turns out to be an important subject of research from the point of view of the search for the artistic existence of the theater in the conditions of digital reality. This article discusses the issue of finding a place for a drama theater in a digital environment where the energy of human relations is significantly minimized and manifests itself in a specifically different way. The subject of the research for the author was the cultural and creative activity of the Tovstonogov BDT.      The St. Petersburg Bolshoi Drama Theater does not need recommendations: it has a great history in the twentieth century, an attractive stage "today" for the audience and, undoubtedly, interesting prospects. In the practice of BDT under the leadership of Andrei the Mighty (2013-2023), there are such turns of dramatic action that are not directly connected with the stage and are almost out of place for the "repertory" theater. The phenomenon of the theater, as if removed from its ancestral roots, leaving the walls breathing tradition, is considered in the article as an experience of cultural and theatrical "exit" to the "stage" of digital reality. Among such experiments, the most significant are the social action "Help the doctors", as well as the experiments of "Minecraft" performances. In addition to the usual comparative historical method for art studies, others will be used, first of all, the formal method, which distinguishes the St. Petersburg school of theater studies. Scientific novelty is determined by the subject of research itself: BDT is considered as a phenomenon of a multi-genre cultural space, in which, as before, a special place is rightfully given to the actor, his role, as well as to the viewer who finds himself in the conditions of a new socio-cultural picture of the world.
Experimental setup for interaction between highly charged ions and laser-produced plasma near Bohr velocity energy region
Authors: Shi Lu-Lin , Cheng Rui , Wang Zhao , Cao Shi-Quan , Yang Jie , Zhou Ze-Xian , Chen Yan-Hong , Wang Guo-Dong , Hui De-Xuan , Jin Xue-Jian , Wu Xiao-Xia , Lei Yu , Wang Yu-Yu , Su Mao-Gen ,   Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China,   Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516000, China,   School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Published: May 2023

Ion energy loss in the interaction between highly charged ions and dense plasma near Bohr velocity energy region is one of the important physical problems in the field of high-energy density physics driven by intense heavy ion beams. Based on the 320 kV experimental platform at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, a new experimental setup was built for the research of interaction between ions and laser-produced plasma near the Bohr velocity, where the ion energy loss and charge state distribution can be experimentally investigated. In this paper we introduce the new setup in detail, including the generation and controlling of pulsed ion beam ( ≥ 200 ns); the preparation of high-density laser plasma target (1017—1021 cm–3); the diagnostics of plasma and the developed high energy resolution ion measurement system (< 1%). In the experiment, the charge distribution of Xe15+ ions with 4 MeV penetrating through the laser-produced Al plasma target is measured. The charge-state analysis device observes different results without and with the plasma, in which the outgoing Xe ion charge-state changes correspondingly from the 15+ to 10+, thus the electron capture process is believed to be dominant. In addition, the proton energy loss is also measured by using the magnetic spectrometer, showing that the experimental energy loss is about 2.0 keV, 30% higher than those theoretical predictions , which can be attributed to the fact that in the near Bohr velocity energy regime, the first-order Born approximation condition is not valid, thus the Bethe model and SSM model are inapplicable to the experimental results. In future, a systematic study will be performed based on our ions-plasma ineteraction setup, and the energy loss and charge state data will be introduced.
RNA-binding deficient TDP-43 drives cognitive decline in a mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy
Authors: Necarsulmer Julie , Simon Jeremy , Evangelista Baggio , Chen Youjun , Tian Xu , Nafees Sara , Gonzalez Ariana Marquez , Wang Ping , Ajit Deepa , Nikolova Viktoriya , Harper Kathryn , Ezzell Jennifer , Beltran Adriana , Moy Sheryl , Cohen Todd
Published: May 2023

TDP-43 proteinopathies including frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by aggregation and mislocalization of the nucleic-acid binding protein TDP-43 and subsequent neuronal dysfunction. Here, we developed an endogenous model of sporadic TDP-43 proteinopathy based on the principle that disease-associated TDP-43 acetylation at lysine 145 (K145) alters TDP-43 conformation, impairs RNA-binding capacity, and induces downstream mis-regulation of target genes. Expression of acetylation-mimic TDP-43
K145Q
resulted in stress-induced nuclear TDP-43 foci and loss-of-TDP-43-function in primary mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cortical neurons. Mice harboring the TDP-43
K145Q
mutation recapitulated key hallmarks of FTLD, including progressive TDP-43 phosphorylation and insolubility, TDP-43 mis-localization, transcriptomic and splicing alterations, and cognitive dysfunction. Our study supports a model in which TDP-43 acetylation drives neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline through aberrant splicing and transcription of critical genes that regulate synaptic plasticity and stress response signaling. The neurodegenerative cascade initiated by TDP-43 acetylation recapitulates many aspects of FTLD and provides a new paradigm to further interrogate TDP-43 proteinopathies.
Transposons are a major contributor to gene expression variability under selection in rice populations
Authors: Castanera Raúl , Morales-Díaz Noemia , Gupta Sonal , Purugganan Michael , Casacuberta Josep M.
Published: May 2023

Transposable elements are an important source of genome variability. Here, we analyze their contribution to gene expression variability in crops by performing a TE insertion polymorphism (TIP)-eQTL mapping using expression data from rice varieties from the
O. sativa
ssp.
indica
and
O. sativa
ssp.
japonica
subspecies. Our data shows that TE insertions are associated with changes of expression of many genes known to be targets of rice domestication and breeding. An important fraction of these insertions were already present in the rice wild ancestors, and have been differentially selected in indica and japonica rice populations. Taken together, these data show that small changes of expression in signal transduction genes induced by TE insertions accompany the domestication and adaptation of rice populations.
Higher social tolerance is associated with more complex facial behavior in macaques
Authors: Rincon Alan V. , Waller Bridget M. , Duboscq Julie , Mielke Alexander , Pérez Claire , Clark Peter R. , Micheletta Jérôme
Published: May 2023

The social complexity hypothesis for communicative complexity posits that animal societies with more complex social systems require more complex communication systems. We tested the social complexity hypothesis on three macaque species that vary in their degree of social tolerance and complexity. We coded facial behavior in >3000 social interactions across three social contexts (aggressive, submissive, affiliative) in 389 animals, using the Facial Action Coding System for macaques (MaqFACS). We quantified communicative complexity using three measures of uncertainty: entropy, specificity, and prediction error. We found that the relative entropy of facial behavior was higher for the more tolerant crested macaques as compared to the less tolerant Barbary and rhesus macaques across all social contexts, indicating that crested macaques more frequently use a higher diversity of facial behavior. The context specificity of facial behavior was higher in rhesus as compared to Barbary and crested macaques, demonstrating that Barbary and crested macaques used facial behavior more flexibly across different social contexts. Finally, a random forest classifier predicted social context from facial behavior with highest accuracy for rhesus and lowest for crested, indicating there is higher uncertainty and complexity in the facial behavior of crested macaques. Overall, our results support the social complexity hypothesis.
Microhomology-Mediated Circular DNA Formation from Oligonucleosomal Fragments During Spermatogenesis
Authors: Hu Jun , Zhang Zhe , Xiao Sai , Cao Yalei , Chen Yinghong , Weng Jiaming , Jiang Hui , Li Wei , Chen Jia-Yu , Liu Chao
Published: May 2023

The landscape of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) during mammalian spermatogenesis, as well as the biogenesis mechanism remains to be explored. Here, we revealed widespread eccDNA formation in human sperms and mouse spermatogenesis. We noted that germline eccDNAs are derived from oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in cells likely undergoing cell death. Interestingly, small-sized eccDNAs are associated with euchromatin, while large-sized ones are preferentially generated from heterochromatin. By comparing sperm eccDNAs with meiotic recombination hotspots and structural variations, we found that they are barely associated with
de novo
germline deletions. We further developed a bioinformatics pipeline to achieve nucleotide-resolution eccDNA detection even with the presence of microhomologous sequences that interfere with precise break-point identification. Empowered by our method, we provided strong evidence to show that microhomology-mediated end joining is the major eccDNA biogenesis mechanism. Together, our results shed lights on eccDNA biogenesis mechanism in mammalian germline cells and provide a potential new way for quality assessment of sperms.
Detecting and validating influential organisms for rice growth: An ecological network approach
Authors: Ushio Masayuki , Saito Hiroki , Tojo Motoaki , Nagano Atsushi J.
Published: May 2023

How to achieve sustainable food production while reducing environmental impacts is a major concern in agricultural science, and advanced breeding techniques are promising for achieving such goals. However, rice is usually grown under field conditions and inevitably influenced by surrounding ecological community members, and whether and how ecological communities influence the rice performance under field conditions has been underexplored.In the present study, we demonstrate an ecological-network-based approach to detect potentially influential, previously ignored organisms for rice (
Oryza sativa
). First, we established small experimental rice plots, and measured rice growth and monitored ecological community dynamics intensively and extensively using quantitative environmental DNA analysis in 2017 in Japan. We detected more than 1000 species in the rice plots, and nonlinear time series analysis detected 52 potentially influential organisms with lower-level taxonomic information.The results of the time series analysis were validated in 2019. In 2019, we focused on two species,
Globisporangium nunn
and
Chironomus kiiensis
, whose abundance was manipulated in artificial rice plots. The responses of rice, namely, the growth rate and gene expression patterns, were measured before and after the manipulation. We confirmed that, especially in the
G. nunn
-added treatment, rice growth rate and gene expression pattern were changed.In the present study, we demonstrated that intensive monitoring of an agricultural system and the application of nonlinear time series analysis were helpful to identify influential organisms under field conditions. Although the effects of the manipulations were relatively small, the research framework presented here has future potential to harness the ecological complexity and utilize it in agriculture. Our proof-of-concept study would be an important basis for the further development of field-basis system management.
Reporting inconsistency between published conference abstracts and article abstracts of randomised controlled trials in prosthodontics presented at IADR general sessions
Authors: Wang Guanru , Chen Junsheng , Li Honglin , Miao Cheng , Cao Yubin , Li Chunjie
Published: May 2023

Background

There is commonly a discrepancy between conference abstracts and published article abstracts in prosthodontic randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which may mislead the scholars those attend conferences.

Objective

To identify the characteristics predicting inconsistency between conference abstracts and published article abstracts in prosthodontic RCTs.

Methods

The conference abstracts of prosthodontic RCTs presented at the IADR general sessions from 2002 to 2015 were searched. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were conducted to match full-text publications for conference abstracts. Two investigators extracted basic characteristics and assessed the consistency and reporting quality independently and in duplicate. The linear regression model was used to analyze the predictors of inconsistency.

Results

A total of 147 conference abstracts were matched with published articles. Results for the secondary outcome measure, Statistical analysis, and precision measure were less than 50% consistent, and even nearly 5% of the studies had opposite conclusions. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that three factors were correlated with lower inconsistency, including continent of origin (p = 0.011), presentation type (p = 0.017), and difference in reporting quality (p = 0.013).

Conclusion

Conference attendees should cautiously treat the findings of the conference abstracts. Researchers should improve the precision of the information delivered at conferences. We recommend the authors of RCTs to explain the primary difference between conference abstracts and article abstracts.
Pollination efficacy of stingless bees, Tetragonula pagdeni Schwarz (Apidae: Meliponini), on greenhouse tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus)
Authors: Wongsa Kanyanat , Duangphakdee Orawan , Rattanawannee Atsalek
Published: May 2023

The stingless bee Tetragonula pagdeni is distributed over a vast Southeast Asian territory. This species is commonly used as a commercial insect pollinator. Pollination efficacy of T. pagdeni was investigated with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivated in greenhouse environments. In the first experiment, the number of fruit sets, number of seeds, fresh weight, and fruit height were quantified in the greenhouse with stingless bees, without stingless bees, and with pollination by mechanical vibration by hand. In the second experiment, the treatments were conducted with tomatoes of indeterminate growth in the greenhouse with and without stingless bees to prevent variation among the different tomato plants. The obtained results showed that a greenhouse with stingless bees presented 85 ± 4.24 fruits per 100 flowers, more than a greenhouse with mechanical vibration (79.5 ± 2.12 fruits per 100 flowers) or a greenhouse without stingless bees (15 ± 0.00 fruits per 100 flowers). In addition, fruit produced in a greenhouse with stingless bees showed greater fruit weight and number of seeds than fruit produced in a greenhouse without stingless bees or pollinated by mechanical vibration. According to the obtained results, we suggest that T. pagdeni could be beneficial as an insect pollinator of greenhouse tomatoes in tropical regions, where the use of honeybees and bumblebees would be more difficult.
49 Dentistry Section Evaluation of Stress Level in Patient with Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Using PSS Questionnaire- A Research Protocol
Authors: Shyamsukha Bhawna , Nimonkar Sharayu , Belkhode Vikram , Godbole Surekha
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a sleep condition where the upper airway becomes partially or entirely blocked while you’re sleeping. As a result, sleep arousals and arterial oxygen saturation are reduced. According to the epidemiological survey, OSA is relatively common among people. Hence, there is need to analyse emotional stress in patients suffering from OSA. Need of the study: OSA and emotional stress are interconnected hence, a diagnosis of OSA is necessary to determine the patient’s level of emotional stress. Aim: The research protocol is planned determine stress level among patients suffering from moderate OSA and to compare the effect of gender on stress among such patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study will be conducted in expected time period of 6 months from May 2022 to October 2022 at Respiratory ward of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Maharashtra, india. This study design is planned to assess Emotional Stress among patients suffering from moderate OSA with sample size of 20 subjects (10 male,10 female) without any other demographic criteria consideration and recorded on Polysomnography (PSG). Patient was charged for PSG. An overnight PSG will be performed in Department of sleep medicine in chosen study institute. An online questionnaire will be used to gather and analyse information. The questionnaire will be consisting 14 statements. Study participants will be evaluated for stress level with previously survey validated questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire given by American Sociological Association (ASA) to assess the stress level. Participants will be asked to rate stress according to a PSS score. Statistical analysis will be done using descriptive analysis.
Achieving Whole Health for Veterans and the Nation
Authors: Krist Alex H. , South-Paul Jeannette E. , Meisnere Marc
Published: May 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the Whole Health System of care led by the US Department of Veterans Affairs.
A Half‐Century of the Ugi Reaction: Classic Variant
Authors: Ullrich Angelika , Kazmaier Uli
Published: May 2023

The classic Ugi reaction is a four‐component coupling process that involves a carboxylic acid, a carbonyl compound, an amine, and an isocyanide. All reaction components are in a dynamic equilibrium with several intermediates, until an irreversible intramolecular 1,4‐
O
→
N
acyl transfer leads to the formation of an
N
‐acylamino acid amide. If chiral components are used in this reaction, a mixture of diastereomers is generally formed with moderate‐to‐low stereoselectivity. The broad scope of substrates that can be used in the Ugi reaction allows for the straightforward synthesis of libraries of structurally related amino acid and peptide derivatives. Therefore, this methodology is often applied to the synthesis of drugs, drug‐like molecules, and natural products.

This chapter describes different variations of classic Ugi reactions, including the use of functionalized and cleavable reaction components to illustrate the broad scope of the reaction. In addition, applications in target‐directed synthesis and comparisons to other related multicomponent reactions are presented. Tabular surveys are organized according to the isocyanides used. The literature is discussed from the first disclosure of an Ugi reaction in 1961 through to the end of 2012.
Transperineal ultrasound is a good alternative for intra‐fraction motion monitoring for prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy
Authors: Guo Bingqi , Stephans Kevin , Godley Andrew , Kolar Matt , Magnelli Anthony , Tendulkar Rahul , Mian Omar , Majkszak David , Xia Ping
Published: May 2023

Purposes

To report our experience in a prospective study of implementing a transperineal ultrasound system to monitor intra‐fractional prostate motion for prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Material and Methods

This IRB‐approved prospective study included 23 prostate SBRT patients treated between 04/2016 and 11/2019 at our institution. The prescription doses were 36.25 Gy to the Low‐Dose planning target volume (LD‐PTV) and 40 Gy to the High‐Dose PTV (HD‐PTV) in five fractions with 3 mm planning margins. The transperineal ultrasound system was successfully used in 110 of the 115 fractions. For intra‐fraction prostate motion, the real‐time prostate displacements measured by ultrasound were exported for analysis. The percentage of time prostate movement exceeded a 2 mm threshold was calculated for each fraction of all patients. T‐test was used for all statistical comparisons.

Results

Ultrasound image quality was adequate for prostate delineation and prostate motion tracking. The setup time for each fraction under ultrasound‐guided prostate SBRT was 15.0 ± 4.9 min and the total treatment time per fraction was 31.8 ± 10.5 min. The presence of an ultrasound probe did not compromise the contouring of targets or critical structures. For intra‐fraction motion, prostate movement exceeded 2 mm tolerance in 23 of 110 fractions for 11 of 23 patients. For all fractions, the mean percentage of time when the prostate moved more than 2 mm in any direction during each fraction was 7%, ranging from 0% to 62% of a fraction.

Conclusion

Ultrasound‐guided prostate SBRT is a good option for intra‐fraction motion monitoring with clinically acceptable efficiency.
GSH‐Activated Porphyrin Sonosensitizer Prodrug for Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Cancer Sonodynamic Therapy
Authors: Deng Caiting , Zheng Meichen , Han Shupeng , Wang Yuanjie , Xin Jingqi , Aras Omer , Cheng Liang , An Feifei
Published: May 2023

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which uses ultrasound to trigger a sonosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), is a promising form of cancer therapy with outstanding tissue penetration depth. However, the sonosensitizer may inevitably spread to surrounding healthy tissue beyond the tumor, resulting in undesired side effects under an ultrasound stimulus. Herein, as glutathione (GSH) is overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment, a GSH‐activatable sonosensitizer prodrug is designed by attaching a quencher to tetraphydroxy porphyrin for tumor therapy. The prodrug exhibits poor fluorescence and low ROS generation capacity under ultrasound irradiation, but it also showed that it can be activated by GSH to simultaneously switch on fluorescence emission and ROS generation capability at the tumor site. Compared with the non‐quenched sonosensitizer, the designed prodrug exhibits significantly higher tumor/healthy organ fluorescence ratios, due to the specific fluorescence and ROS activation by overexpressed GSH in the tumor. Finally, the prodrug exhibits efficient tumor growth inhibition under ultrasound irradiation, further demonstrating its promise as a GSH‐activated sonosensitizer prodrug for highly effective cancer treatment.
Understanding the Diffusion‐Dominated Properties of MOF‐Derived Ni–Co–Se/C on CuO Scaffold Electrode using Experimental and First Principle Study
Authors: Hussain Iftikhar , Ansari Mohd Zahid , Ahmad Muhammad , Ali Awais , Nawaz Tehseen , Hussain Tanveer , Lamiel Charmaine , Sufyan Javed Muhammad , Chen Xi , Sajjad Muhammad , Kaewmaraya Thanayut , Khan Karim , Zhang Kaili
Published: May 2023

Batteries and supercapacitors continue to be one of the most researched topics in the class of energy storage devices. The continuous development of battery and supercapacitor cell components has shown promising development throughout the years—from slabs of pure metal to porous and tailored structures of metal‐based active materials. In this direction, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) serve great advantages in improving the properties and structure of the derived metal‐based active materials. This research provides a novel electrode material, Ni–Co–Se/C@CuO, derived from Ni–Co‐MOF integrated with pre‐oxidized Cu mesh. The superior electrochemical performance of Ni–Co–Se/C@CuO over Ni–Co‐MOF@CuO is evident through its higher specific capacity, lower resistivity, richer redox activity, and more favorable diffusion‐dominated storage mechanism. When assembled as a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC), the hybrid device using rGO and Ni–Co–Se/C@CuO as electrodes exhibits a high energy density of 42 W h kg−1 at a power density of 2 kW kg−1, and maintains its capacity retention even after 20 000 cycles. The improved capacity performance is also evaluated using first‐principle investigations, revealing that the unique and preserved heterostructure of Ni–Co–Se/C@CuO portrays enhanced metallic properties. Such evaluation of novel electrodes with superior properties may benefit next‐generation electrodes for supercapacitor devices.
pH‐Triggered Size‐Transformable and Bioactivity‐Switchable Self‐Assembling Chimeric Peptide Nanoassemblies for Combating Drug‐Resistant Bacteria and Biofilms
Authors: Tan Peng , Wu Chenchen , Tang Qi , Wang Tao , Zhou Chenlong , Ding Yakun , Fu Huiyang , Xu Shenrui , Feng Yuqing , Zhang Yucheng , Dai Qing , Ma Xi
Published: May 2023

Drug‐resistant bacteria and biofilm‐associated infections are prominent problems in the field of antibacterial medicine, seriously affecting human and animal health. Despite the great potential of nanomaterials in the antibacterial field, overcoming the paradox of size and charge, efficient penetration, and retention within biofilms remain a formidable challenge. Here, self‐assembling chimeric peptide nanoassemblies composed of multiple functional fragments are designed for the treatment of drug‐resistant bacteria and biofilm‐associated infections. Notably, the chimeric peptide self‐assembles into nanofibers at pH 7.4 and is transformable into nanoparticles in the acidic biofilm‐infected microenvironment at pH 5.0, and thus achieves a size reduction and charge increase, improving the penetration into the bacterial biofilms and killing drug‐resistant bacteria by a mechanism dominated by membrane cleavage. In vivo mouse and piglet infection models confirm the ability of chimeric peptide nanoassemblies to reduce bacterial load within biofilms. Collectively, this research on pathological‐environment‐driven nanostructural transformations may provide a theoretical basis for designing high‐performance antibacterial nanomaterials and advance the application of peptide‐based nanomaterials in medicine and animal husbandry.
Paintable Physical Unclonable Functions using DNA
Authors: Park Soon Mo , Park Geonhyeong , Yoon Dong Ki
Published: May 2023

Controversy over artwork's authenticity is ongoing despite numerous technologies for copyright protection. Artists should build their own ways to protect the authority, but these are still open to piracy. Here, a platform is proposed for developing anticounterfeiting labels based on physical unclonable functions (PUFs), in an artist‐friendly manner, brushstrokes. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is natural, biocompatible, and eco‐friendly, can be applied as a paint that shows entropy‐driven buckling instability of the liquid crystal phase. Brushed and wholly dried DNA exhibits line‐shaped zig‐zag textures with inherent randomness as a source of the PUF, and its primary performance and reliability are systematically examined. This breakthrough enables the utilization of these drawings in a wider range of applications.