bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Dispensing by Japanese Community Pharmacists in Reducing Medicine Costs
Authors: Yokoi Masayuki , Tashiro Takao
Published: February 2017

This study investigated the economic efficacy of separation of drug prescribing and dispensing (separation system). We examined whether daily medical expenses on prescriptions for former drugs, generic drugs, medical devices, and the number of drugs are curtailed due to the separation system, whose function is to separate the manager between prescribing and dispensing drug, and the effect of mutual check between prescribing doctors and dispensing pharmacists. Participation in the separation system is legally optional for Japanese medical institutions. It causes that the growth rate of the separation system in administrative districts is wide range. Furthermore, this study investigated the separation system in Japanese administrative districts with available open public data. We examined the separation system effect using National Healthcare Insurance data for 2011–2015. We tested whether the separation system growth rate for each Japanese administrative district was correlated to former drug significantly, generic drug, medical device price, and the number of drugs on prescriptions. The results show that growth of the separation system influenced the daily expense of prescribed former drugs and medical devices and the correlations were significant. Contrastively, the number of drugs and the expense of generic drugs on prescriptions were not significantly correlated with the separation system growth rate. Therefore, the separation system was effective at curtailing expenses of daily former drugs and medical devices but little effective at curtailing the number of daily drugs and generic drugs expense.
Pronunciation of English Dental Fricatives by Slovak University EFL Students
Authors: Metruk Rastislav
Published: February 2017

The article attempts to explore the difficulties in pronunciation of English dental fricatives by Slovak EFL university students. The primary objective of the study is to examine to what extent Slovak university students mispronounce [θ] and [ð] and which sounds act as substitutes for the two consonants. A total of 44 Slovak first-year university students whose major was Teaching English Language and Literature delivered unprepared English monologues, which were recorded on a computer. Subsequently, the files were sent to an English native speaker from Canada who performed an auditory analysis of pronunciation errors in the participants’ utterances. The results indicate that English dental fricatives pose problems for Slovak EFL learners since a considerable number of participants mispronounced both voiced and voiceless dental fricative consonants. Finally, the study emphasizes the immense significance of pronunciation instruction as this area still appears to be rather neglected in the context of English language teaching in Slovakia.
Highlight on Bottlenecks in Food Allergen Analysis: Detection and Quantification by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Planque Mélanie , Arnould Thierry , Renard Patricia , Delahaut Philippe , Dieu Marc , Gillard Nathlie
Published: February 2017

Food laboratories have developed methods for testing allergens in foods. The efficiency of qualitative and quantitative methods is of prime importance in protecting allergic populations. Unfortunately, food laboratories encounter barriers to developing efficient methods. Bottlenecks include the lack of regulatory thresholds, delays in the emergence of reference materials and guidelines, and the need to detect processed allergens. In this study, ultra-HPLC coupled to tandem MS was used to illustrate difficulties encountered in determining method performances. We measured the major influences of both processing and matrix effects on the detection of egg, milk, soy, and peanut allergens in foodstuffs. The main goals of this work were to identify difficulties that food laboratories still encounter in detecting and quantifying allergens and to sensitize researchers to them.
Contracted Nose after Silicone Implantation: A New Classification System and Treatment Algorithm
Authors: Kim Yong Kyu , Shin Seungho , Kang Nak Heon , Kim Joo Heon
Published: February 2017

Background Silicone implants are frequently used in augmentation rhinoplasty in Asians. A common complication of silicone augmentation rhinoplasty is capsular contracture. This is similar to the capsular contracture after augmentation mammoplasty, but a classification for secondary contracture after augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone implants has not yet been established, and treatment algorithms by grade or severity have yet to be developed.

Methods Photographs of 695 patients who underwent augmentation rhinoplasty with a silicone implant from May 2001 to May 2015 were analyzed. The mean observation period was 11.4 months. Of the patients, 81 were male and 614 were female, with a mean age of 35.9 years. Grades were assigned according to postoperative appearance. Grade I was a natural appearance, as if an implant had not been inserted. Grade II was an unnatural lateral margin of the implant. Clearly identifiable implant deviation was classified as grade III, and short nose deformation was grade IV.

Results Grade I outcomes were found in 498 patients (71.7%), grade II outcomes in 101 (14.5%), grade III outcomes in 75 (10.8%), and grade IV outcomes in 21 patients (3.0%). Revision surgery was indicated for the 13.8% of all patients who had grade III or IV outcomes.

Conclusions It is important to clinically classify the deformations due to secondary contracture after surgery and to establish treatment algorithms to improve scientific communication among rhinoplasty surgeons. In this study, we suggest guidelines for the clinical classification of secondary capsular contracture after augmentation rhinoplasty, and also propose a treatment algorithm.
Application of a Silicone Sheet in Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy to Treat an Abdominal Wall Defect after Necrotizing Fasciitis
Authors: Shin Jin Su , Choi Hwan Jun
Published: February 2017

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an aggressive soft-tissue infection involving the deep fascia and is characterized by extensive deterioration of the surrounding tissue. Immediate diagnosis and intensive treatment, including debridement and systemic antibiotics, represent the most important factors influencing the survival of NF patients. In this report, we present a case of NF in the abdomen due to an infection caused by a perforated small bowel after abdominal liposuction. It was successfully treated using negative-pressure wound therapy, in which a silicone sheet functioned as a barrier between the sponge and internal organs to protect the small bowel.
Zeolite A-Carbon Membranes: Possibilities in H2 Purification and how to Overcome their Shortcomings
Authors: Varela-Gandía Francisco J. , Lozano-Castelló Dolores , Cazorla-Amorós Diego , Berenguer-Murcia Ángel
Published: February 2017

This work describes the modification of zeolite Na-LTA membranes supported on macroporous carbon materials, prepared by a combination of secondary hydrothermal treatment followed by different alternative post-synthesis procedures, which aim at improving the permeance properties of the as-synthesized Na-LTA membranes with a simulated reformer mixture (H2, CO, CO2 and H2O) towards their use in a hydrogen purification device.These post-synthetic treatments include the deposition of a thin layer of amorphous silica formed by the hydrolysis of a silicon alcoxide, the coating with a thin metallic film by electroless plating, and the deposition of noble metal nanoparticles. Our results indicate that some of these treatments, which may be performed very quickly compared to other treatments which are generally used in order to improve the quality of the membranes, result in membranes which may effectively separate H2 from CO under simulated reformer conditions. Considering the simple approach employed in some of the cases described in this study, the potential benefits should be considered highly interesting in fields such as membrane recovery and membrane selectivity control.
Aspect, anaphore et interprétation du discours
Authors: Vet Co
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Partikelvalenz im Deutschen. Eine prototypenlinguistische Studie über die Valenzverhältnisse bei den Präpositionen, den Subjunkturen und den Konjunktoren
Authors: Colliander Peter
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Model integrisane forenzičke istrage poslovnih prevara
Authors: Simeunović Nataša , Grubor Gojko , Ristić Nenad
Published: February 2017

Isticanje novog polja forenzike, forenzičkog računovodstva, je prouzrokovano brzim promjena u elektronskom poslovnom okruženju te naglim porastom broja poslovnih prevara. Iako prevare možemo naći u mnogim oblicima, najčešće se svode na krađu sredstava i informacija ili zloupotrebu nečije imovine u obliku informacija. U današnjem svijetu, računovođe mogu najviše pomoći u istrazi korporativnih, ili bolje rečeno finansijskih prevara, koje danas preovladavaju u digitalnom okruženju. U ovom radu, autori su predložili model integrisane forenzičke istrage poslovnih prevara koji predstavlja spoj računovodstvenog, revizorskog i digitalnog istražnog postupka. No, prije nego što ovaj pristup može biti propisno verifikovan, potrebno je izvršiti dodatna ispitivanja.
Pojam i pravna priroda boravišne takse
Authors: Marković Velisav
Published: February 2017

Boravišna taksa je naknada za korišćenje komunalne,saobraćajne i turističke infrastrukture i suprastrukture na područjujedinice lokalne samouprave ili u turističkom mestu, a koju plaćadomaći ili strani državljanin koji se izvan svog mesta prebivalištakoristi uslugama noćenja u ugostiteljskim objektima za smeštaj.Boravišna taksa je prihod turističkih organizacija gradova ili opština,odnosno međuopštinske turističke organizacije, ukoliko je osnovana,i Turističke organizacije Republike Srpske zbog čega je ista vrloznačajna za razvoj i promociju turizma.U radu autor predstavlja normativno uređenje pojma boravišnataksa u Republici Srpskoj kao i uporednom pravu. Pored toga autorpredstavlja pravnu prirodu boravišne takse koja iako u nazivu pojmaima reč “taksa” po pravnoj prirodi nije taksa.
Useful Online Resources and Educational Tools for Teaching English for Tourism and Hospitality
Authors: Dabić Tijana
Published: February 2017

Tourism is a branch of economy with the vigorous growth whose influence penetrates society, politics, culture and the most importantly the economy. Approximately 100 million employees are estimated to work in the modern leisure and experience industry. Foreign languages competence is one of the key skills in this industry. The rapid advancement of technology has both influenced language learning and customers experience in tourism industry. This paper aims to discuss the influence of technology on these two aspects in courses for English for Tourism and Hospitality. Needs analyses conducted in this sector have proven and highlighted the importance of domain content digital genres in English for Specific Purposes. Hence, the focus of this paper will be placed on useful online resources and educational tools that can be used in English Language Teaching in the field of Tourism and Hospitality. Online resources in English that will be discusses are: Booking.com, Travel Agencies Websites and National Geographic Short Videos while online educational tools are: Social Networks (Facebook), Padlet and Duolingo. The engagement of these online resources and tools should enable Tourism English attendees during their course to learn to navigate and perform in digital environment and to use these resources and tools at their future job posts.
Self-generated Literacy Practices in Disadvantaged Environments in Chile
Authors: Calderón López Margarita
Published: February 2017

This study explores the role of literacy in disadvantaged environments and the interplay between self-generated literacy practices and their conceptualization of literacy in 7 to 10-year-old Chilean pupils from two different schools located in Santiago, Chile. The study was framed within a participatory approach focused on promoting the children’s agency and voice in the research. A range of second-level data materials were collected through interviews with parents, photographs and existing documents. Although at a resources-associated level the sociocultural context did not inhibit the emergence of literacy practices, the context did contribute to the children’s understanding of literacy. This study raises the need for considering how children’s understanding of literacy influence their involvement and learning about reading and writing as their experiences and perceptions have an important role in their learning process, particularly on how they develop their reading and writing practices. The findings implied that by raising the participants’ awareness of the relevance of everyday practices in relation with reading and writing, they are likelier to feel more comfortable and empowered towards their own literacy practices. Particularly, the empowerment of children coming from a disadvantaged background would give them more opportunities to support their learning. By making the children aware of the relevance of their own perceptions and practices, the pupils could gain in confidence, be agents of their learning processes, and have more resources to succeed on the demanding school environment.
Molecular characterization and genetic diversity ofJatropha curcasL. in Costa Rica
Authors: Vásquez-Mayorga Marcela , Fuchs Eric J. , Hernández Eduardo J. , Herrera Franklin , Hernández Jesús , Moreira Ileana , Arnáez Elizabeth , Barboza Natalia M.
Published: February 2017

We estimated the genetic diversity of 50Jatropha curcassamples from the Costa Rican germplasm bank using 18 EST-SSR, one G-SSR and nrDNA-ITS markers. We also evaluated the phylogenetic relationships among samples using nuclear ribosomal ITS markers. Non-toxicity was evaluated using G-SSRs and SCARs markers. A Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree and a Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree were constructed using SSR markers and ITS sequences, respectively. Heterozygosity was moderate (He = 0.346), but considerable compared to worldwide values forJ. curcas. The PIC (PIC = 0.274) and inbreeding coefficient (f =  − 0.102) were both low. Clustering was not related to the geographical origin of accessions. International accessions clustered independently of collection sites, suggesting a lack of genetic structure, probably due to the wide distribution of this crop and ample gene flow. Molecular markers identified only one non-toxic accession (JCCR-24) from Mexico. This work is part of a countrywide effort to characterize the genetic diversity of theJatropha curcasgermplasm bank in Costa Rica.
O uso dos dados das redes hoteleiras na pesquisa geográfica: um estudo de caso sobre as cidades gêmeas de Brasiléia, Epitaciolândia e Cobija
Authors: Silva Leonardo Luiz Silveira da
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo pretende apresentar as possibilidades e os desafios do uso dos dados da rede hoteleira para a pesquisa em Geografia e quiçá nas áreas afins. A apresentação se dá por intermédio da utilização dos dados hoteleiros em uma tese de doutoramento que abordou as cidades gêmeas de Brasiléia, Epitaciolândia e Cobija. O artigo aponta a força de tais dados para a pesquisa nas subdisciplinas da Geografia Urbana e da Geografia Regional, à medida que certas informações dos hotéis permitem o estabelecimento de inferências como as funções urbanas, o mapeamento de fluxos de diversas naturezas, a influência regional, nacional ou internacional da urbe, as relações de dependência e interdependência entre as cidades e o papel destas nas redes urbanas. O artigo mostra como as informações foram usadas na pesquisa em questão bem como apresenta as dificuldades encontradas, pretendendo ser útil para aqueles que querem se enveredar para os estudos urbanos e regionais.
ROADMAP TECNOLÓGICO DO ÁCIDO LEVULÍNICO PRODUZIDO A PARTIR DE BIOMASSA LIGNOCELULÓSICA
Authors: Coelho Karoline Mota , Borschiver Suzana
Published: February 2017

O ácido levulínico (AL) tem sido estudado devido aos melhores rendimentos na sua produção a partir de biomassa e o seu potencial como "blocos de construção". O trabalho recorreu a análise de artigos (base SCOPUS), publicações em mídia especializada e patentes (base DERWENT), de 2000 a 2015/8, para identificar tendências tecnológicas e mercadológicas da produção do AL a partir de biomassa lignocelulósica. O produto final será a organização e visualização dessas informações no Roadmap Tecnológico em uma análise temporal (estágio atual, curto, médio e longo prazo), relacionando-os com fatores críticos (Mercado, Produto e Tecnologia) convertidos em: Foco da Informação (Aplicação; Tecnologia; Equipamento); Aplicação (Combustíveis; Produtos Químicos; Polímeros e Resinas; Aditivos de Combustíveis); Tecnologia (Pré-tratamento; Tratamento; Conversão; Recuperação). As empresas DSM, Segetis e WARF destacaram-se no Roadmap. A DSM e WARF aparecem numa perspectiva de Curto e Médio Prazo e a Segetis no Estágio Atual e Médio Prazo com projetos associadas ao tema.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DA PRESENÇA DE HIDROCARBONETOS POLICÍCLICOS AROMÁTICOS EM POÇOS FREÁTICOS AO NORTE DO RECÔNCAVO DA BAHIA, BRASIL.
Authors: Monteiro Denise Dos Santos , Oliva Sergio Telles de , Tavares Tania Mascarenhas
Published: February 2017

O norte do Recôncavo baiano abriga intensa atividade de petróleo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença dos 16 Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos (HPAs) considerados poluentes prioritários pela Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), em amostras de água de 12 poços freáticos de uso individual e coletivo dos municípios de São Francisco do Conde e Candeias, Bahia, Brasil. Após extração líquido-líquido, os HPAs foram determinados por CG-MS (Método 8270- EPA). Dos poços estudados, apenas um, localizado no município de Candeias, apresentou cinco HPAs em níveis acima dos padrões de qualidade para consumo humano estabelecidos pela Resolução Conama 396/2008: benzo(a)pireno, benzo(b)fluoranteno, benzo(k)fluoranteno, dibenzoantraceno e indeno(1,2,3)pireno, com concentrações médias encontradas de 0,14 μg.L-1, 0,15 μg.L-1, 0,17 μg.L-1, 0,08 μg.L-1, 0,13 μg.L-1, respectivamente. Considerando-se que os HPAs encontrados são carcinogênicos e mutagênicos, e que existem mais de 80 poços de uso individual e coletivo identificados nos municípios estudados, recomenda-se um estudo mais amplo, envolvendo todos os poços, para que medidas adequadas de gestão sejam adotadas.
Empreendedorismo Cultural: cultura como discurso, criação e consumo simbólico
Authors: Davel Eduardo , Cora Maria Amélia Jundurian
Published: February 2017

A pesquisa sobre empreendedorismo cultural é dispersa: diversas são as abordagens e conceitualizações sobre como a cultura afeta o empreendedorismo e de como o empreendedorismo afeta a cultura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é desenvolver um esquema conceitual que permita conciliar essas diferentes abordagens no intuito de se propor uma agenda integrada de pesquisa sobre o empreendedorismo cultural. Como resultado da pesquisa, três abordagens foram identificadas, formuladas e apresentadas: (a) a cultura como recurso retórico, (b) a cultura como processo de criação simbólica e (c) a cultura como consumo do produto simbólico. A integração dessas abordagens é proposta e discutida.
Gestão social e desenvolvimento local na perspectiva dos gestores dos centros culturais
Authors: Costa Mariana Martins Alves , Thomazi Áurea Regina Guimarães
Published: February 2017

A falta de referência e os poucos estudos focados em centros culturais como promotores de desenvolvimento local à luz da gestão social identificou como necessária uma análise da gestão dos centros culturais na perspectiva de seus gestores. A partir dos dados de uma pesquisa de campo qualitativa apresentam-se neste artigo os relatos e uma reflexão acerca de diversos aspectos considerados preponderantes, na visão dos gestores, para o desenvolvimento de ações e programas no sentido da promoção do desenvolvimento local. Escutar o que os gestores dos centros culturais vislumbram é importante, pois se considera que não basta somente ser um bom administrador do espaço, é necessário estar atento a diversos aspectos que contribuam para uma gestão bem-sucedida, transcendendo as ações e programas culturais, configurando-o como um local de reunião e encontro dos cidadãos da cidade ou região.
Culturas objetificadas, inventadas, vividas: as politicas para o patrimônio cultural imaterial e atuação dos antropólogos
Authors: E Silva Jaqueline De Oliveira , Leal João
Published: February 2017

O campo do Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial (PCI) é, desde seu surgimento, permeado pela ação dos antropólogos, cuja atuação transita entre o pesquisador (que reflete sobre as práticas do PCI), o mediador (que realiza inventários e pesquisas que nutrem as políticas públicas) e o gestor (que planeja e executa tais políticas). E se, o patrimônio já se mostrou como uma área “boa pra pensar”, seria ela também “boa para estar”? De que forma as reflexões teóricas do campo da antropologia podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento das políticas públicas do PCI? Deveria o antropólogo se eximir da função de ser um possível “criador de culturas”?
Desafios para a participação da sociedade civil na estruturação da política municipal de cultura em Lavras - MG
Authors: Ferreira Thais C. , Cabral Eloisa Helena de Souza
Published: February 2017

Este artigo pretende investigar o processo de participação da sociedade civil na estruturação da política cultural no município de Lavras (MG), e identificar os principais desafios encontrados para a implementação do Sistema Municipal de Cultura (SMC) e seus elementos estruturantes essenciais: o Conselho, o Plano, e o Fundo de Cultura. Metodologicamente, realizou-se revisão teórica e pesquisa documental sobre o tema, seguida de abordagem qualitativa, sendo os dados primários coletados através de entrevistas realizadas com os atores sociais da área. Concluímos apontando os desafios e os relacionando à participação da sociedade civil como forma de sua superação.
Organização, cultura e políticas públicas: reflexões acerca da Biblioteca do Centro Cultural Vila Fátima
Authors: Souza Alison Barbosa de , Silveira Fabrício José Nascimento da
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo de apresentar o funcionamento cotidiano da Biblioteca do Centro Cultural Vila Fátima (BCCVF), e verificar em que medida a presença de uma biblioteca pública – inserida na comunidade a partir do estabelecimento de políticas públicas – é entendida como equipamento cultural e se apresenta suficientemente capaz de atender às necessidades originadas dos sujeitos que buscam por ela. Utilizando por base teórica uma revisão bibliográfica que contempla os temas biblioteca pública, políticas públicas e ação cultural, identificando as correlações existentes na prática exercida na biblioteca. Como método utilizado optou-se pela análise de conteúdo.Verificam-se como principais resultados a exarcebação da importância da biblioteca pública no estabelecimento de um entendimento do centro cultural, figurando a biblioteca como fomentadora da ação cultural realizada no território, percebendo-se o movimento dialético na busca por solucionar as questões mediatas apresentadas pelos cidadãos que buscam a biblioteca para atender às necessidades informacionais. Pode ser percebido também que a organização do espaço físico da biblioteca, bem como sua compreensão como equipamento relativamente autônomo em relação ao centro cultural, impulsiona sua capacidade de atender às necessidades dos sujeitos.
Apresentação
Authors: Dellagnelo Eloise Helena Livramento , Barros José Márcio , Silva Rosimeri Carvalho da
Published: February 2017

Apresentação do dossiê
Movimentos das Águas Caboclas
Authors: Bicalho Charlene Sales
Published: February 2017

O ensaio fotográfico “Movimentos das Águas Caboclas: uma narrativa visual sobre cotidiano e ruptura na comunidade pesqueira de Regência Augusta-ES” é um recorte do acervo de imagens reunidas durante a pesquisa participante realizada in locus pela autora. Iniciado em 2010, o trabalho fotográfico fitou - inicialmente com um olhar estrangeiro - a pequena vila de pescadores composta por 288 famílias. Durante cerca de dezoito meses, seja andando pelos rios e mares ou navegando pelas ruas de Regência Augusta, captou-se a indistinção entre a arte e a vida; os laços familiares e de amizade; as habilidades e técnicas refinadas que humanizam o mar; as lutas travadas entre o homem e o peixe pela sobrevivência; as mulheres tratando os peixes junto com os filhos nos quintais; os homens que carregam o mar nas mãos; os olhos mirando a incerteza da chegada. 
Traffic light at DSB–transit regulation between gene transcription and DNA repair
Authors: Modafferi Stefania , Esposito Francesca , Tavella Sara , Gioia Ubaldo , Francia Sofia
Published: September 2024

Transcription of actively expressed genes is dampened for kilobases around DNA lesions via chromatin modifications. This is believed to favour repair and prevent genome instability. Nonetheless, mounting evidence suggests that transcription may be induced by DNA breakage, resulting in the local de novo synthesis of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Such transcripts have been proposed to play important functions in both DNA damage signalling and repair. Here, we review the recently identified mechanistic details of transcriptional silencing at damaged chromatin, highlighting how post‐translational histone modifications can also be modulated by the local synthesis of DNA damage‐induced ncRNAs. Finally, we envision that these entangled transcriptional events at DNA breakages can be targeted to modulate DNA repair, with potential implications for locus‐specific therapeutic strategies.
Methadone or buprenorphine preferred over naltrexone by inmates
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2024

When CODAC Behavioral Healthcare, the main provider of treatment services for corrections in Rhode Island, looks at its clientele with opioid use disorder (OUD), Vivitrol (depot naltrexone) is preferred by no one. The patients want either methadone or buprenorphine, CODAC CEO Linda Hurley explained in a webinar this month (for the first part of this two‐part article, see ADAW (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.34254).
Survey: Jails still fall short in offering medications for OUD
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: September 2024

Despite policy guidance suggesting the critical importance of making medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) widely available in correctional settings, newly published data suggest that uptake of these treatments in local jails continues to be slow.
The DEA should focus!
Authors: Kent Rob
Published: September 2024

I watched the segment this past weekend on [CBS TV's] 60 Minutes about fentanyl and have some thoughts.
U.S. officials speak out on fentanyl crisis at U.N. General Assembly
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2024

Speaking at last week's Summit of the Global Coalition to Address Synthetic Drug Threats, part of the United Nations General Assembly meeting in New York City last week, United States Secretary of State Antony Blinken praised the gathering of foreign officials to take time to address this issue. Fentanyl is a synthetic drug which is causing a crisis internally, said Blinken. “Now, for years, the threat of synthetic drugs has been rising around the world: methamphetamines in the East, in Southeast Asia; Captagon in the Middle East, tramadol in Africa; and here in the United States fentanyl, the number‐one killer of Americans aged 18‐49,” said Blinken September 24, according to remarks released by the Department of Justice. “This is by definition a global challenge: people ship precursor chemicals, the ingredients that go into fentanyl from one country to another; criminals make them into synthetic drugs, and then sell them in a third country. Every country needs to take steps at home to address this challenge. But no single government can solve it alone.
Fast and Efficient Fabrication of Functional Electronic Devices through Grayscale Digital Light Processing 3D Printing
Authors: Gholami Farzad , Yue Liang , Li Mingzhe , Jain Ayush , Mahmood Akhlak , Fratarcangeli Marcus , Ramprasad Rampi , Qi H. Jerry
Published: September 2024

Fabricating polymeric composites with desirable characteristics for electronic applications is a complex and costly process. Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing emerges as a promising technique for manufacturing intricate structures. In this study, polymeric samples are fabricated with a conductivity difference exceeding three orders of magnitude in various portions of a part by employing grayscale DLP (g‐DLP) single‐vat single‐cure 3D printing deliberate resin design. This is realized through the manipulation of light intensity during the curing process. Specifically, the rational resin design with added lithium ions results in the polymer cured under the maximum UV‐light intensity exhibiting higher electrical resistance. Conversely, sections that are only partially cured retains uncured monomers, serving as a medium that facilitates ion mobility, consequently leading to higher conductivity. The versatility of g‐DLP allows precise control of light intensity in different regions during the printing process. This characteristic opens up possibilities for applications, notably the low‐cost, facile, and rapid production of complex electrical circuits and sensors. The utilization of this technique makes it feasible to fabricate materials with tailored conductivity and functionality, providing an innovative pathway to advance the accelerated and facile creation of sophisticated electronic devices.
Ohmic Dissipation on Jeffery‐Hamel Flow of an Electrically Conducting Second‐Grade Fluid in Converging and Diverging Channels Under Velocity Slip Effects: Semi‐Analytical Simulations via ADM
Authors: Slimane Tich Tich Maissa , Kezzar Mohamed , Usman  , Alhabeeb Somayah Abdualziz , Khalifa Hamiden Abd El‐Wahed , Znaidia Sami , Sari Mohamed Rafik
Published: September 2024

Researchers can learn more about energy losses, temperature distributions, and general flow characteristics by examining the distribution of Ohmic dissipation in the channels under various circumstances. Thus, in this scientific investigation, it delves into the intricate dynamics of Jeffery‐Hamel flow for second‐grade fluids under the influence of velocity slip, magnetic, and electric fields. A transformative journey is set out using the electro‐hydromagnetic second‐grade fluid theory as the basis. The regulating partial differential equations responsible for this fluid flow phenomenon experience a significant transformation, evolving into ordinary differential equations. Then, two distinct but powerful analytical methods are used to analyze these ordinary differential equations: the widely used Adomian decomposition method and the 4th–5th order Runge‐Kutta Fehlberg method, which is enhanced by the shooting operation. Various factors influencing the skin friction coefficient and the dimensionless velocity (represented as “f”) of the second‐grade fluid are examined. The electric and magnetic fields, the Deborah number, and the elusive velocity slip components are among the many physical variables that are observed. The behavior of the fluid inside the channel is affected by these parameters in the same way that cosmic bodies are affected by gravity. As it delves deeper into the topic of fluid dynamics, and makes some interesting discoveries. The lowest parts of the channel exhibit significantly less backflow; indicating a distinct lack of it. Similar to start alignment, this absence is observed when the Hartmann number rises, decreasing the reverse flow until it vanishes completely. In conclusion, these concepts may prove useful for enhancing designs in a range of engineering settings, including environmental remediation and groundwater management.
Screening Ammonium‐Based Cationic Additives to Regulate Interfacial Chemistry for Aqueous Ultra‐Stable Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Zheng Leilei , Li Huihua , Gao Mingbo , Huang Keer , Wang Jian , Su Long , Li Lei , Lin Hongzhen , Gao Xinpei , Liu Zhengqing , Zhang Huang
Published: September 2024

The interfacial dynamics and chemistry at the electrolyte/metal interface, particularly the formation of an adsorption interphase, is paramount in dictating the reversibility of Zn metal deposition and dissolution processes in battery systems. Herein, a series of different cationic ammonium‐based electrolyte additives are screened that effectively modulate the interfacial chemistry of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolytes, significantly improving the reversibility of Zn metal plating/stripping processes. As initially comprehensive investigation by combining theoretical calculation and molecular dynamic simulation, the tetramethylammonium cation, with its specific molecular structure and charge distribution, is identified as pivotal in mediating the Zn(H2O)62+ solvation shell structure at the electrode/electrolyte interface and shows the strong resistance against electrolyte corrosion as revealed by X‐ray and optical measurements. As a result, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell with optimal electrolyte lasts for over 4400 h of stable plating/stripping behaviors, and the Zn||Cu asymmetric cell stabilizes for 2100 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%, which is much better than the‐state‐of‐art progress. Consequently, full‐cells coupled with various cathodes showcase improved electrochemical performance, displaying high capacity‐retention and low self‐discharge behaviors. These findings offer essential insights of cationic additives in ameliorating zinc anode performance.
A Camel‐Fur‐Inspired Micro‐Extrusion Foaming Porous Elastic Fiber for All‐Weather Dual‐Mode Human Thermal Regulation
Authors: Wang Yushu , Wang Zeling , Huang Hanyi , Li Yaozao , Zhai Wentao
Published: September 2024

Maintaining the stability of human body temperature is the basis of ensuring the normal life activities of witness, and the emergence of various functional clothing is committed to assisting the human body temperature in thermal comfort range in the changeable environment. However, achieve dual‐mode thermal regulation for cooling and insulation on an integrated material without energy input and addition of functional particles has thus far been a huge challenge. Herein, a biomimetic camel‐fur designed micro‐extruded physically foamed porous elastic fiber (MEPF) using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer as raw material is reported, and its dual‐layered fabric (MEPFT‐d) for effective personal thermal comfortable management at extreme temperature differences. Benefit from its micro‐nano‐pores structure, MEPFT‐d represents radiate cooling capacity by high solar reflectance and emissivity, behaves low thermal conductivity delaying heat scattering, and promotes evaporative cooling by unidirectional water transport. These excellent properties ensure that MEPFT‐d reduces heat loss in cold weather (7.2 °C higher than cotton) and blocks outside heat in hot weather (10.2 °C lower than cotton), which is suitable for various complex outdoor scenes. The cost‐effectiveness and superior wearing comfort of this work provide innovative pathways for sustainable energy, smart textiles, and personal thermal comfort applications.
Solvation Structure Dual‐Regulator Enabled Multidimensional Improvement for Low‐Temperature Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Fu Hongwei , Gao Caitian , Wen Jie , Guo Ruoya , Luo Wendi , Zhou Jiawan , Lu Bingan
Published: September 2024

The operation of graphite‐based potassium ion batteries (Gr‐PIBs) remains challenging at low temperatures, limited by slow dynamic behavior. Herein, the solvation structure dual‐regulator strategy of electrolyte is proposed for multidimensional improvement of K+ transfer process including ion transfer at both bulk and interface. The designed electrolyte (an amide solvent, 2,2,2‐Trifluoro‐N, N‐dimethylacetamide) with low freezing point and low viscosity as the primary regulator, and a fluorinated solvent (1,1,2,2‐Tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropylether) as the secondary regulator provides a flowing environment and low resistive interface for fast ion transfer. As a result, the regulated electrolyte has a low freezing point of −51.9 °C and exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 3.2 mS cm−1 at −20 °C. Based on the solvation structure dual‐regulator, the graphite anode delivered a high capacity of 252 mAh g−1 which is over 85% of room‐temperature capacity, and the capacity retention rate of a full cell at −20 °C is over 80%. These results demonstrate that the solvation structure dual‐regulator can improve the performances of Gr‐PIBs, promoting the development of low‐temperature PIBs and beyond.
Prevalence of Individuals With Multiple Diagnosed Genetic Diseases in the Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Authors: Gimeno Alex F. , Tinker Rory J. , Furuta Yutaka ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Phillips John A.
Published: September 2024

Report the prevalence of multiple genetic diseases in the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) cohort in the post‐exome‐sequencing era. UDN subjects underwent genome sequencing before inclusion in the cohort. Records of all UDN subjects until January 2024 were analyzed. The number of diagnoses, proportion of molecular versus nonmolecular (i.e., not attributable to a discretely identifiable genetic change) diagnoses, and the inheritance patterns of the genetic diagnoses were determined. Of 2799 subjects, 766 (27.4%) had diagnoses. Of these 766, 95.4% had one diagnosis, 4.0% had two diagnoses, and 0.5% had three diagnoses. Of the diagnosed subjects, 93.4% had a genetic disease, and 6.5% had a nonmolecular disease. Of subjects with two diagnoses, both diagnoses were molecular in 90.3%, while 9.7% had one molecular and one nonmolecular diagnosis. All four subjects with three diagnoses had three molecular diagnoses. 4.2% of diagnosed subjects in the UDN had more than one molecular diagnosis, with four individuals having three concurrent Mendelian diagnoses. Additionally, three subjects had concurrent molecular and nonmolecular diagnoses. Given that numerous UDN subjects had a negative genome sequence prior to UDN enrollment, multiple molecular diagnoses may contribute to diagnostic uncertainty even with genome sequencing, as may concurrent nonmolecular disease.
Bi‐Allelic Splicing Variant, c.153‐2A > C in TOMM7 Is Associated With Leigh Syndrome
Authors: Yeole Mayuri , Majethia Purvi , Siddiqui Shahyan , Girisha Katta Mohan , Shukla Anju , Radhakrishnan Periyasamy , Bhat Vivekananda
Published: September 2024

Translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOMM) complex plays an important role in the transport of proteins from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria. TOMM7, one of the subunits of the TOMM complex, modulates its assembly and stability. Bi‐allelic disease‐causing variants in TOMM7 (MIM* 607980) have been previously reported in two unrelated families with a diverse phenotype of short stature, lipodystrophy, progeria, developmental delay, hypotonia, and skeletal dysplasia. We report a 4‐month‐old female child significantly affected with neonatal‐onset hypotonia, lactic acidosis, optic atrophy, and neuroimaging findings suggestive of Leigh disease with a novel canonical splice variant, c.153‐2A > C in TOMM7 (NM_019059.5). Further work done on cDNA of parents revealed the presence of shorter transcripts secondary to aberrant splicing.
Fabrication of Thymol‐loaded Isabgol/Konjac Glucomannan‐based Microporous Scaffolds with Enriched Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties for Skin Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Sakthivel Shruthi , Thangavel Ponrasu , Saravanakumar Iniyan , Muthuvijayan Vignesh
Published: September 2024

An antioxidant, antibacterial, and biocompatible biomaterial is essential to repair skin wounds effectively. Here, we have employed two natural biopolymers, isabgol (ISAB) and konjac glucomannan (KGM), to prepare microporous scaffolds by freezing and lyophilization. The scaffolds are loaded with thymol (THY) to impart potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The physicochemical properties of the ISAB+KGM+THY scaffold, like porosity (41.8±2.4 %), swelling, and biodegradation, were optimal for tissue regeneration application. Compared to the control, ISAB+KGM+THY scaffolds promote attachment, migration, and proliferation of L929 fibroblasts. The antioxidant activity of the ISAB+KGM+THY scaffold was significantly improved after loading THY. This would protect the tissues from oxidative damage. The antibacterial activity of the ISAB+KGM+THY scaffold was significantly higher than that of the control, which would help prevent bacterial infection. The vascularization ability of the ISAB+KGM scaffold was not altered by incorporating THY in the ISAB+KGM scaffold. Therefore, a strong antioxidant, antibacterial, and biocompatible nature of the ISAB+KGM+THY scaffold could be useful for various biomedical applications.
Acid Etching‐Driven Self‐Assembly of Mn‐Shell Inducing Rock‐Salt Phase for Enhanced Single‐Crystal Ni‐Rich Cathodes
Authors: Ma Xiaotu , Meng Zifei , Hou Jiahui , Yao Zeyi , Wang Zexin , Dogan Fulya , Yang Zhenzhen , Sultanov Maksim , Gao Guanhui , Guo Hua , Han Yimo , Wen Jianguo , Wang Yan
Published: September 2024

With the wide adoption of Li‐ion batteries, Ni‐rich cathode is considered as one of the most promising candidates of cathodes due to its high energy density and low cost. However, stability decreased with increasing Ni content in the Ni‐rich cathode. To solve this bottleneck, many strategies, such as coating, doping, surface modification, and special morphologies, have been developed. Herein, we introduce a groundbreaking approach for enhancing Ni‐rich cathode through an innovative acid etching process that promotes Mn shell self‐assembly, inducing a rock‐salt phase on the surface. This method not only simplifies the Ni‐rich cathode modification process, but also significantly improves the structural stability and electrochemical performance of Ni‐rich cathode. Our findings demonstrate that developed single‐crystal Ni‐rich cathode shows 3–34 % better stability compared to both commercial modified Ni‐rich cathode and unmodified counterparts. The unique Mn shell effectively mitigates reversible phase shifts during cycling, contributing to a remarkable enhancement in cycling stability. This novel fabrication technique paves the way for cost‐effective production of high‐performance cathode materials, offering substantial benefits for lithium‐ion battery technology. And this study proves the potential of this method in advancing the design and development of durable, high‐capacity cathode materials for next‐generation batteries.
Yap methylation‐induced FGL1 expression suppresses anti‐tumor immunity and promotes tumor progression in KRAS‐driven lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jiang Ji , Ye Pengfei , Sun Ningning , Zhu Weihua , Yang Mei , Yu Manman , Yu Jingjing , Zhang Hui , Gao Zijie , Zhang Ningjie , Guo Shijie , Ji Yuru , Li Siqi , Zhang Cuncun , Miao Sainan , Chai Mengqi , Liu Wenmin , An Yue , Hong Jian , Wei Wei , Zhang Shihao , Qiu Huan
Published: September 2024

Background

Despite significant strides in lung cancer immunotherapy, the response rates for Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)‐driven lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients remain limited. Fibrinogen‐like protein 1 (FGL1) is a newly identified immune checkpoint target, and the study of related resistance mechanisms is crucial for improving the treatment outcomes of LUAD patients. This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism by which FGL1 regulates the tumor microenvironment in KRAS‐mutated cancer.

Methods

The expression levels of FGL1 and SET1 histone methyltransferase (SET1A) in lung cancer were assessed using public databases and clinical samples. Lentiviruses were constructed for transduction to overexpress or silence FGL1 in lung cancer cells and mouse models. The effects of FGL1 and Yes‐associated protein (Yap) on the immunoreactivity of cytotoxic T cells in tumor tissues were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to study the SET1A‐directed transcriptional program.

Results

Upregulation of FGL1 expression in KRAS‐mutated cancer was inversely correlated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, KRAS activated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), which subsequently phosphorylated SET1A and increased its stability and nuclear localization. SET1A‐mediated methylation of Yap led to Yap sequestration in the nucleus, thereby promoting Yap‐induced transcription of FGL1 and immune evasion in KRAS‐driven LUAD. Notably, dual blockade of programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) and FGL1 further increased the therapeutic efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy in LUAD patients.

Conclusion

FGL1 could be used as a diagnostic biomarker of KRAS‐mutated lung cancer, and targeting the Yap‐FGL1 axis could increase the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy.
One‐Pot Enzymatic Cascade for Toxicant Degradation and Sugar Acid Production
Authors: Pongsupasa Vinutsada , Punthong Pangrum , Chaiyen Pimchai , Wongnate Thanyaporn
Published: September 2024

This study introduces a novel one‐pot enzymatic cascade approach for converting toxicants and continuously generating an electron acceptor for production of sugar acids. This method offers a promising solution to concerns about pesticide toxicity and environmental contamination by transforming hazardous substances into a useful electron acceptor. This acceptor is then utilized to produce valuable chemicals with broad industrial applications, particularly in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. The cascade reaction employs organophosphate hydrolase (OPD) to convert pesticides into 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), which is subsequently transformed into 1,4‐benzoquinone by HadA monooxygenase (HadA). 1,4‐benzoquinone serves as an electron acceptor in the catalysis of sugar acid formation via pyranose dehydrogenase (PDH). The results indicate that this cascade reaction effectively converts lactose to lactobionic acid and xylose to 2‐keto‐xylonic acid. The latter can be further processed into xylonic acid through NaBH4 reduction. Notably, the one‐pot reaction yields up to 10 % higher compared to the direct addition of 1,4‐benzoquinone. The synthesized xylonic acid exhibits exceptional water uptake properties in hydrogels, and the synthesized lactobionic acid shows antioxidant activity comparable to well‐established antioxidants. These findings demonstrate the technological viability of these reaction cascades for various applications.