bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black dissent in America: exploring Ava DuVernay’Selma and 13th against the background of the 2020 anti-racial discrimination protests
Authors: Vicente Maria Eduarda Gil
Published: July 2021

The 2020 protests on police brutality and racial discrimination in the United States constitute the most recent event of black dissent in what is a history marked by injustice, humiliation, exploitation and the denial of freedom, equality and self-representation of a specific group of people. Dissent can be exercised in many ways and in different areas of society. Over the past few years, Ava DuVernay has produced filmic works that are counter-narratives to the forms of representation imposed on African-Americans by the dominant white majority. This paper analyzes two of those works, Selma (2014) and 13th (2016), and considers their potential as instruments of dissent within the context of black resistance, at a time when racial relations are once again under scrutiny.
El laberinto mundial de la Información. Estructura mediática y poder
Authors: Paredes-Otero Guillermo
Published: July 2021

Reseña del libro El laberinto mundial de la Información. Estructura mediática y poder.
De la cultura a la cultura digital: nuevos escenarios en una nueva era
Authors: Risquete-Sánchez Jaume
Published: July 2021

Reseña del libro Los nuevos escenarios de la cultura en la era digital.
Estudio sobre los implantes percutáneos de conducción ósea: Evolución y resultados de 8 años
Authors: Gasós-Lafuente Ana Maria , Lavilla Martín De Valmaseda María Jose , Muniesa Del Campo Ana , Vallés-Varela Héctor
Published: July 2021

Introducción: Los implantes de conducción de vía ósea percutáneos son una alternativa a los audífonos convencionales en hipoacusias de transmisión, mixtas y neurosensoriales unilaterales, en pacientes con imposibilidad de usar los primeros. Mediante este estudio analizamos diferentes aspectos de los sistemas osteointegrados en el Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa de Zaragoza (España). Método: Se ha realizado un estudio observacional basado en historias clínicas, incluyendo a los pacientes que han sido implantados con un sistema osteointegrado de tipo percutáneo desde el año 2010. Entre los datos recogidos se valoraron datos demográficos, datos clínicos y analíticos referentes su hipoacusia y complicaciones post-implante entre otros. Resultados: Se han analizado 59 implantes percutáneos; un 44,1% tipo Baha y un 55,9 % tipo Ponto. La indicación audiológica mas frecuente fue la hipoacusia mixta (64,40%). El diagnóstico clínico más frecuente fue la otitis media crónica (83%). La ganancia auditiva funcional de los pacientes implantados debido a hipoacusia de transmisión fue de 26,92 ± 7,65 dB. La técnica quirúrgica más empleada fue el colgajo en U llevada a cabo en el 42,40% pacientes. Se ha objetivado cierta tendencia a la relación en el número de complicaciones y el hecho de realizar una reducción de tejido subcutáneo circundante al implante (p=0,051). Conclusiones: Aunque no se hayan encontrado diferencias significativas, los resultados tanto demográficos, como de indicación de la implantación, la ganancia funcional y las complicaciones son similares a los datos encontrados en la literatura médica.
A Tool Is a Tool. Or Is It?
Authors: Kohl Marie-Anne
Published: July 2021

Dieser Artikel stellt einige Überlegungen zur Entstehung und Wirkmächtigkeit von Stereotypen vor sowie zur (mangelnden) Präsenz von Vorbildern in der Herausbildung von musikalischen Präferenzen. Dieser Fokus thematisiert einen von vielen, komplexen Aspekten hinsichtlich einer anhaltenden Unterrepräsentanz von Frauen im Kultur- und Medienbereich. Anhand zweier künstlerischer Positionen von Pamela Z und Laura Mello stelle ich Strategien sowohl der Thematisierung stereotyper Zuschreibungen als auch der Entwicklung alternativer Vorbilder vor, die ich als »Empowerment«, »Normalisierung« und »Störung« bezeichne.
Krieg als Hölle
Authors: Leonhard Nina
Published: July 2021

Nina Leonhard widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der im alltäglichen Sprachgebrauch regelmäßig anzutreffende Bezeichnung des Krieges als Hölle. Am Beispiel der populärwissenschaftlichen militärhistorischen Zeitschrift «Clausewitz. Magazin für Militärgeschichte» werden Kontexte, Merkmale und Funktionen der Verwendung dieser Kriegsmetapher im Einzelnen analysiert und typologisch eingeordnet. Im Ergebnis tritt vor allem die Ambivalenz organisierter Massengewalt hervor, die mit der semantischen Klassifikation des Kriegs als Hölle verknüpft ist und Schrecken ebenso wie Faszination, Leiden ebenso wie Heldentum in sich vereint.
Die Hölle der Gesellschaft
Authors: Böschen Stefan , Viehöver Willy
Published: July 2021

Der Beitrag von STEFAN BÖSCHEN und WILLY VIEHÖVER verortet das Konzept der Hölle in einer modernisierungstheoretischen Perspektive. Dabei werden zunächst Höllenvorstellungen moderner Gesellschaften von vormodernen Konzepten abgesetzt. Im Zuge der Säkularisierung kommt es zwar zu einer entscheidenden Bedeutungsverschiebung, zugleich verschwinden aber weder Höllenvorstellungen selbst, noch das Religiöse selbst. Stattdessen findet eine Verlagerung von der Transzendenz hin zur Immanenz statt. Auf Basis der Annahme, dass auch in Spätmodernen Gesellschaften Höllenvorstellungen eine anschlussfähige Interpretationsfolie fragen die Böschen und Viehöver nach den Höllen der Gesellschaft, Orte, Entwicklungen und Ereignisse, die auf weitreichende Zusammenbrüche etablierter Sinnformen und Sinnangebote hinweisen oder diese künftig erwarten lassen.
Pflegeheime als Hölle?
Authors: Breuer Marc
Published: July 2021

In den Massenmedien werden Pflegeheime gelegentlich als "Hölle" bezeichnet. Warum findet diese Metapher, trotz erheblicher Veränderungen in der stationären Pflege, seit vielen Jahren stabile Verwendung? Mithilfe einer Diskursanalyse untersucht Marc Breuer, wie die Zuschreibung der "Hölle" begründet wird. Die Erkenntnisse werden in eine breitere gesellschafstheoretische und sozialpolitische Perspektive eingeordnet. Anders, als man vermuten könnte, zielt die Metapher weniger darauf, die Situation in den Heimen zu verbessern. Der Beitrag zeigt vielmehr, dass es dem Diskurs darum geht, Pflegeheime als ,Jenseits' eines ,lebenswerten' Lebens zu markieren. Die Metapher zielt darauf, Pflegeheime zu delegitimieren und vor ihnen zu warnen.
Funktionsprinzipien des Internets und ihre Risiken im Kontext digitaler geschlechtsspezifischer Gewalt
Authors: Bauer Jenny-Kerstin
Published: July 2021

Im Zuge der Verbreitung der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in den letzten 20 Jahren sind das Internet sowie alle damit ausgestatteten Geräte wie Computer, Smartphones, Tablets, Spielekonsolen, SmartHome-Anwendungen etc. nicht mehr aus unserem Alltag wegzudenken. Aus der Entstehungsgeschichte des Internets können vier zunächst neutrale, jedoch gleichzeitig zentrale mediale Eigenschaften des Internets charakterisiert und deren jeweiliges Missbrauchspotential für geschlechtsspezifische digitale Gewalt herausgearbeitet werden. Diese sich gegenseitig verstärkenden Funktionsprinzipien sind das Fehlen von Hoheitsinstanzen, die Anonymität der Nutzer*innen, das Fehlen bzw. gering vorhandene Zutrittsbarrieren sowie die Verbreitungsgeschwindigkeit von Informationen. Ziel des folgenden Artikels ist es, ein System an medialen Eigenschaften des Internets darzustellen, um das Verständnis dafür zu erleichtern, wie digitale geschlechtsspezifische Gewaltformen im Internet möglich werden.
Individuelle Strategien im Umgang mit geschlechtsspezifischer digitaler Gewalt
Authors: Bauer Jenny-Kerstin , Hartmann Ans
Published: July 2021

Der Umgang mit technik- oder medienbasierten Gewalterfahrungen ist individuell sehr unterschiedlich. Nicht für alle Betroffenen kommen polizeiliche und rechtliche Maßnahmen in Betracht. Zudem mangelt es staatlichen Schutzmaßnahmen derzeit noch häufig an Effektivität. So sind Betroffene regelmäßig darauf angewiesen, für sie funktionierende und hilfreiche Wege der Bewältigung zu finden. Einige dieser Bewältigungsstrategien und Handlungsoptionen werden im Rahmen dieses Artikels dargestellt.
Über den (Neu-)Anfang im pädagogischen Denken
Authors: Bilgi Oktay
Published: July 2021

Am Beispiel des Topos des (Neu-)Anfangs liefert Oktay Bilgi eine systematische Zeitdiagnose begründungstheoretischer Konstellationen des pädagogischen Denkens. Dazu untersucht er die aktuellen Konstellationen der Begründung pädagogischen Denkens im Spannungsverhältnis von ästhetischer Ökonomie, bildungspolitischen Rationalitäten sowie der Etablierung eines frühpädagogischen Forschungsfeldes. Diskurse über den (Neu-)Anfang werden dabei historisch-systematisch aufgearbeitet, Erkenntnisse aus der Philosophie, der feministischen Theorie sowie den Kulturwissenschaften einbezogen und neue Perspektiven auf den (Neu-)Anfang als pädagogisches Grundphänomen einem interdisziplinären Publikum zugänglich gemacht — und damit ein wichtiger Beitrag zur pädagogischen Theoriebildung geleistet.
The New Meatways and Sustainability
Authors: Kanerva Minna
Published: July 2021

Social practice theories help to challenge the often hidden paradigms, worldviews, and values at the basis of many unsustainable practices. Discourses and their boundaries define what is seen as possible, as well as the range of issues and their solutions. By exploring the connections between practices and discourses, Minna Kanerva develops a conceptual approach enabling purposive change in unsustainable social practices. Radical transformation towards new meatways is arguably necessary, yet complex psychological, ideological, and power-related mechanisms currently inhibit change.
»Um die Welt zu retten muss man auch mal ein paar alte Damen die Treppe runter schubsen«
Authors: Ernst Sebastian
Published: July 2021

Sebastian Ernst widmet sich in seinem zweiten Beitrag der Bedeutung von Emotionen für das ethische Handeln. Davon ausgehend plädiert er für einen emotionsintegrierenden und -sensiblen Ethik- und LER-Unterricht und stellt Überlegungen dazu an, inwieweit digitale Spiele hierfür ein geeignetes Medium darstellen könnten.
Der Körper als Vermittler zwischen Musik und (all)täglicher Lebenswelt
Authors: Schmitt-Weidmann Karolin
Published: July 2021

Die künstlerische Hinwendung zu Phänomenen des täglichen Lebens in Verbindung mit der aufkommenden Ästhetisierung des Alltagslebens hat seit den 1960er Jahren zu einer Neubetrachtung des Verhältnisses zwischen Kunst und Nicht-Kunst geführt. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt dem spezifischen Einsatz des Musikerkörpers eine Schlüsselfunktion zu. Karolin Schmitt-Weidmann leitet aus ihm Distanzauslotungen zwischen Kunst und Nicht-Kunst ab und eruiert diese anhand von konkreten Werkbeispielen. Dafür greift sie zurück auf hier erstmalig veröffentlichte Interviews mit Annesley Black, Cathy van Eck, Dieter Schnebel, Vinko Globokar, Hans-Joachim Hespos, Robin Hoffmann und Heinz Holliger zum Verhältnis von Kunst und Lebenswelt.
Tierra del Fuego: La singularidad del último territorio nacional
Authors: D’Eramo Daniel , Cao Horacio
Published: July 2021

Los autores vienen desarrollando una serie de textos dirigidos a resaltar la originalidad fueguina en el marco de los rasgos comunes que tienen la historia de los Territorios Nacionales patagónicos. Para ello, se ha desarrollado una periodización ad hoc, que divide la historia patagónica y fueguina en tres etapas. La primera, caracterizada por una ocupación poco extendida y profunda del territorio por parte del Estado. La segunda, en donde se destaca el impacto menguado, en el ámbito fueguino, de las acciones estatales pensadas para la Patagonia durante buena parte del siglo XX. Finalmente, una tercera etapa caracterizada por una dinámica de acelerado crecimiento bajo el impulso de políticas desarrollistas, aplicada con un retraso de décadas con respecto al resto de la región. En suma, a remarcar la singularidad social, económica y política de Tierra del Fuego con respecto a la situación del resto de los Territorios Nacionales patagónicos, es que se dedica el presente trabajo.
Propuesta de modelo de análisis de coordinación institucional en la implementación de políticas sociales. El caso de las políticas de cuidado infantil en Argentina.
Authors: Marzonetto Gabriela
Published: July 2021

En el último tiempo ha ganado espacio en el debate público la demanda por políticas de cuidado, en especial de niños y niñas pequeñas, entendiendo que esto repercutiría positivamente sobre su bienestar y en las posibilidades laborales de las madres. Entre estas políticas se encuentran las que garantizan tiempo de cuidado, dinero para cuidar y espacios de cuidado, por lo que implica la articulación entre programas de licencias, transferencias y espacios de desarrollo infantil. Con ello, lograr el propósito de resolver el problema del cuidado infantil a partir de estas políticas resulta en un desafío complejo donde se articulan procesos de coordinación horizontal y vertical para su gestión. En este trabajo se busca analizar el nivel de coordinación institucional de las políticas de cuidado infantil en Argentina, y a partir de ello identificar las principales dificultades que se encuentran para diseñar una estrategia integral para su abordaje. A tales fines se propone un modelo de análisis de la coordinación de programas. A partir del análisis desarrollado se encuentra que en el país los programas de cuidado infantil presentan una coordinación institucional incipiente y débil.
Ability Cognitive Children Age Early Between Methods Brain Gym and Methods Providing Duty
Authors: Nurwasilatus Anisa , Apriloka Dinita Vita
Published: July 2021

Children's cognitive abilities have not been appropriately achieved. This is due to the use of methods that are considered less effective in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the reality of differences in cognitive abilities of early childhood with the Brain Gym method and the assignment method for Group B at RA Al-Wafi Panyileukan Bandung City. The research method used is Quasi Experiment with non-equivalent control group design research. The results showed that children's cognitive abilities using the Brain Gym method and those using the Giving Task method had significant differences. This was evidenced by the results of hypothesis testing, which showed the t value = 8.97 more effective than the t table value = 2.043 at a significance level of 5 %.
TRAUMA DAN KELEKATAN PADA INDIVIDU DEWASA YANG MENYAKSIKAN KDRT: KEPRIBADIAN SEBAGAI MODERATOR
Authors: Damayanti Andini , Margaretha Margaretha
Published: July 2021

Witnessing IPV is traumatic. Trauma affect children’s attachment toward their parents. Earlier attachment affect adult attachment toward intimate partners. Personality is a interpersonal-related construct that predict variations of adult attachment. This study aims to measure the effect of childhood trauma and personality on adult attachment, whose participants are adults who witnessed IPV as child. This study also aims to prove whether personality can be a moderating variable between childhood trauma and adult attachment. There are 191 respondents aged 18-40, their responses obtained through online survey. The scales used are Traumatic Antecedent Questionnaire (TAQ), Big Five Inventory (BFI), State Adult Attachment Measure (SAAM) and Adult Disorganized Attachment (ADA). Data is analyzed with regression and interaction test. Effects of competency as protective factor against trauma on secure attachment is strengthened by conscientiousness and extraversion. Anxious attachment is predicted by agreeableness. Conscientiousness and openness to experience predict avoidant attachment. Last, history of sexual abuse predicts disorganized attachment.Menyaksikan KDRT adalah pengalaman yang traumatis bagi anak. Trauma tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kelekatan anak terhadap orangtua. Kelekatan sebelumnya akan mempengaruhi kelekatan dewasa, yaitu kelekatan terhadap pasangan. Kepribadian adalah konstruk yang berkaitan dengan relasi dan dapat memprediksi jenis kelekatan dewasa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur pengaruh trauma masa kanak dan kepribadian terhadap kelekatan dewasa, dengan partisipan individu dewasa yang pernah menyaksikan KDRT. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah kepribadian mampu menjadi variabel moderator antara pengaruh trauma masa kanak terhadap kelekatan dewasa. Sebanyak 191 subjek berusia 18-40 tahun diambil datanya dengan survei daring. Skala yang digunakan antara lain Traumatic Antecedent Questionnaire (TAQ), Big Five Inventory (BFI), State Adult Attachment Measure (SAAM) dan Adult Disorganized Attachment (ADA). Teknik analisis menggunkan regresi dan uji interaksi. Hasilnya, pengaruh kompetensi sebagai faktor protektif trauma terhadap kelekatan aman diperkuat oleh extraversion dan conscientiousness. Kelekatan cemas diprediksi oleh agreeableness. Conscientiousness dan openness to experience memprediksi kelekatan menghindar. Terakhir, kekerasan seksual adalah prediktor tunggal dari kelekatan disorganisasi.
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE DAN DELIBERATE SELF HARM PADA REMAJA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Paramita Anindya Dewi , Faradiba Andi Tenri , Mustofa Khintan Sucitasari
Published: July 2021

Self-injurious behavior or acts of self-harm that are commonly found in adolescents are form of channeling negative emotions to deal with emotional pain. One reason for this pain was exposure to unpleasant experiences called adverse childhood experiences. This study aims to explore the detrimental effect of experience on self-harm in adolescents. This study used two measuring instruments, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was used to measure DSH and Adverse Childhood Experience Quesionnaire (ACE.Q) was used to measure ACE. There were 168 respondents in the study who participated filling online questionnaire and they were gathered through non-probability sampling technique. The result showed that there was a positive correlation between adverse childhood experiences on self-harm with a sig value of 0.035 <0.05. This means that the higher the ACE, the higher the DSH. Perilaku melukai diri sendiri atau deliberate self-harm (DSH) banyak ditemukan pada remaja sebagai bentuk penyaluran emosi secara negatif untuk mengatasi rasa sakit secara emosional. Salah satu penyebab rasa sakit tersebut adalah adanya paparan pengalaman tidak menyenangkan yang disebut dengan adverse childhood experience (ACE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh adverse childhood experience terhadap deliberate self-harm pada remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua alat ukur, yaitu Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) untuk mengukur DSH dan Adverse Childhood Experience Quesionnaire (ACE.Q) untuk mengukur ACE. Terdapat 168 responden dalam penelitian ini yang diperoleh secara online melalui teknik non-probability sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara adverse childhood experience terhadap deliberate self-harm dengan nilai sig 0,035 < 0,05. Artinya, semakin tinggi adverse childhood experience maka semakin tinggi pula kecenderungan melakukan deliberate self-harm
Transposições Fílmicas de Histórias em Quadrinhos: Uma teorização da relação entre duas linguagens
Authors: Garcia Yuri
Published: July 2021

Este artigo busca estabelecer relações entre as linguagens do cinema e dos quadrinhos em uma abordagem teórica. As transposições de histórias em quadrinhos – sobretudo de super-heróis – vêm se tornando um grande mercado da indústria cinematográfica. Essas produções costumam ser acompanhadas de um grande orçamento e grandes bilheterias, se firmando entre os maiores blockbusters da história. Assim, essa tendência parece ganhar um crescente espaço em Hollywood. Além do fator financeiro, que se destaca como um elemento essencial nas escolhas das grandes produções cinematográficas, os filmes em questão parecem estabelecer novas possibilidades ao iniciarem um processo de maior aceitação crítica. Dessa forma, uma investigação desse fenômeno em sua configuração mais gramatical pode fundamentar algumas hipóteses que apontem os motivos pelos quais o cenário contemporâneo se apresenta como o melhor momento para as histórias em quadrinhos serem transpostas para o cinema.
Devolver a História, Materializar o Trauma: Observações sobre os corpos migrantes em Cavalo Dinheiro (2014) e Vitalina Varela (2019) de Pedro Costa
Authors: Cunha Mariana , Andrade Catarina
Published: July 2021

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a forma como Cavalo Dinheiro (2014) e Vitalina Varela (2019), do realizador português Pedro Costa, restauram o direito de narrar e materializam os efeitos do trauma relacionados à migração e ao colonialismo, a partir de uma análise da inscrição dos corpos e subjetividades diaspóricas no espaço pós-colonial contemporâneo, mais especificamente no contexto da representação de imigrantes e descendentes de imigrantes cabo-verdianos em Portugal. Tomamos a noção de materialidade como prisma para esta análise, tanto no sentido da materialidade do aparato cinematográfico empregado pelo realizador, quanto no sentido da materialidade da própria imagem e suas operações formais na construção da experiência da história e do trauma. Argumentamos que essas operações formais, especialmente o uso da temporalidade (histórica e fílmica) e do enquadramento que criam um distanciamento, não só revelam uma estética própria como também um engajamento político e ético do cinema de Pedro Costa.
Materialidade e Desejo de Ficção: A canção em quatro “momentos musicais” do cinema de Miguel Gomes
Authors: Pellerin Agnès
Published: July 2021

A canção é um objeto ambivalente que faz referência à imaterialidade musical mas que tem uma relação forte com a materialidade sonora. É o efémero que, pelo seu formato curto, não dura, mas que sempre se quer prolongar no tempo, através da repetição (as rimas e o refrão apoiando a memorização) e por meio da sua “reprodutibilidade técnica”. A hipótese desenvolvida neste artigo é que o cinema contemporâneo de Miguel Gomes, enquadrando-se na história do cinema cantado, muitas vezes considerado como entretenimento ou alienação ideológica, explora, através de um tratamento particularmente original e rico da materialidade fílmica da canção, o seu paradoxo temporal. Ou seja, argumento que o uso da canção permite ao realizador transformar de forma duradoura a relação com o espectador, ao qual “passa o testemunho” da ficção. De facto, como analisamos através de quatro exemplos, o cinema de Gomes constrói “momentos musicais”, no sentido proposto por Amy Herzog. Estas sequências, além dos seus sentidos representativos (em primeiro lugar, a letra e o papel da canção na economia narrativa do filme), criam “presentes suspensos” que cristalizam o valor intrínseco do “desejo de ficção” humano. Este torna-se uma condição de possibilidade do cinema, subvertendo o monopólio da intenção artística e propondo uma reconfiguração da “partilha do sensível” como teorizado por Jacques Rancière.
Un acercamiento a la arquitectura del cine
Authors: González Cubero Josefina
Published: July 2021

Reseña de: Ahi, Mehruss Jon Ahi, Karaoghlanian, Armen. 2020. The Architecture of Cinematic Spaces by Interiors. Bristol: Intellect Books. 96 pp. ISBN 9781789382051
Pedro Costa: The man (the circumstances) and his work
Authors: Graça André Rui
Published: July 2021

Book review of "The Films of Pedro Costa: Producing and Consuming Contemporary Art Cinema", by Nuno Barradas Jorge.
MNEMONIC DEVICE (KALENDER) UNTUK PENGAYAAN LITERASI MUSIM MENUJU SUMBA BARAT DAYA YANG BERDAULAT PANGAN
Authors: Laksono Paschalis Maria , Christianto R. Wisma Nugraha , Widada Arif Wahyu , Anantasari Esti , Marlina Inda , Nandiswara Olga Aurora , Dhanwani Natasha Devanand
Published: July 2021

Kedaulatan pangan adalah solusi bagi kelaparan. Namun demikian di Sumba Barat Daya, kondisi lapar tersebut berkelindan menyatu dengan perubahan kondisi alam, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Pengadaan dan kecukupan pangan pun dibayangkan bertautan dengan kebutuhan untuk memenuhi kontrak-kontrak sosial dalam komunitas setempat, yaitu dengan moralitas yang ditampilkan melalui rangkaian ritual daur hidup sepanjang tahun. Kelindan pengadaan pangan, yang utamanya lewat kegiatan pertanian dan peternakan, dengan rangkaian kegiatan ritual ini diperlukan penataan agar hidup lebih terorganisir dan adaptif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Kelindan ini secara tradisional telah diantisipasi menggunakan berbagai macam media. Salah satu di antaranya adalah kalender musim yang di Sumba Barat Daya dan banyak tempat lain sudah terabaikan. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini menyajikan aplikasi kalender musim sebagai mnemonic device yang dapat membantu petani, untuk menemukenali kembali jiwa alam sehingga mereka dapat bertani selaras dengan irama alam. Selain itu, kalender musim menjadi sarana pencatatan mengenai tanda-tanda alam yang selama ini samar, sehingga petani mampu menyeimbangkan diri antara kepentingan pemenuhan komoditas dan juga pemenuhan kebutuhan hidupnya. Secara partisipatoris penelitian dilakukan selama tiga tahun, yaitu tahun pertama menghasilkan identifikasi masalah; tahun kedua menghasilkan rumusan model kedaulatan pangan, dan tahun ketiga berisi rangkaian workshop uji coba model. Artikel ini khusus mengulas bagaimana model kedaulatan pangan yang berupa mnemonic device itu diperkaya melalui serangkaian workshop, yang diikuti para pemangku kepentingan di Sumba Barat Daya serta komunitas mahasiswa Sumba yang ada di Yogyakarta. Pengayaan kalender musim ini diharapkan mempermudah serta memperluas aksesibilitas penggunanya secara lintas gender, usia, dan strata sosial. Apresiasi kalender musim akan menjamin petani insaf akan pentingnya mendahulukan kedaulatan pangan daripada gengsi sosial.
“It sounds like elves talking” – Polish migrants in Aberystwyth (Wales) and their impressions of the Welsh language
Authors: Rosiak Karolina , Zydorowicz Paulina
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper was to gain a better understanding of the perceptions of the Welsh language held by the Polish adult migrants in Aberystwyth, Wales. Using qualitative research methods, we collected data from participants concerning their perceptions of the sound and spelling system of Welsh. Data obtained showed that adult Poles in Aberystwyth perceive the phonetics and phonotactics of Welsh to be markedly different from that of their native Polish. The participants believed Welsh to have small number of vowels and large number of consonantal clusters. By comparing consonantal and vowel inventories we were able to demonstrate that Welsh has a more complex vowel inventory than Polish. The consonantal inventories of both languages show great similarities and should not pose major problems to Polish learners of Welsh, who are also speakers of English. As for the phonotactics, Polish possesses a far more complex inventory of consonantal clusters than Welsh. We show that claims of the study’s participants that Welsh pronunciation is markedly different from Polish is not based on the linguistic grounds. Instead, such claims must be rooted in the social and ideological perceptions of the Welsh language on the part of the participants in the study.
Rational approaches towards inorganic and organometallic antibacterials
Authors: Hess Jeannine
Published: July 2021

The occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria is drastically rising and new and effective antibiotic classes are urgently needed. However, most of the compounds in development are minor modifications of previously used drugs to which bacteria can easily develop resistance. The investigation of inorganic and organometallic compounds as antibiotics is an alternative approach that holds great promises due to the ability of such molecules to trigger metal-specific mechanisms of action, which results in lethal consequences for pathogens. In this review, a selection of concepts to rationally design inorganic and organometallic antibiotics is discussed, highlighting their advantages by comparing them to classical drug discovery programmes. The review concludes with a short perspective for the future of antibiotic drug development and the role metal-based compounds will play in the field.
Solitons based optical packet switch analysis
Authors: Shukla Utkarsh , Singhal Niraj , Srivastava Rajiv
Published: July 2021

Due to the evolution of data centric applications demand for high speed data transfer and more bandwidth is increasing continuously. The unavailability of components like tunable wavelength converters (TWCs) restrict the transfer of parallel information using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), therefore in the present scenario optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing can be used. Moreover in optical communication narrow Gaussian pulses are transmitted, which spread with distance and leads to the broadening of the pulse and pulse peak power goes down and thus limits the system. In this paper a Soliton based optical communication system is proposed and its comparison with Gaussian pulse is presented and it has been found that soliton pulse has lesser bit error rate in comparison to Gaussian pulses.
Dosage escalation of antenatal steroids in preterm twin pregnancies does not improve long-term outcome
Authors: Braun Thorsten , Filleböck Vivien , Metze Boris , Bührer Christoph , Plagemann Andreas , Henrich Wolfgang
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To analyze long-term effects of antenatal betamethasone (≤16 mg, =24 mg and >24 mg) in preterm twins on infant and childhood morbidity.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study among 198 preterm twins. Three follow up time points, including a total of 84 outcomes, were evaluated: first neonatal examination after birth and in the neonatal period up to 10 days after birth using data from the clinic charts; examination from the 21st to the 24th month of life and examination from the 60th to the 64th months, using data from copies of the children’s examination booklets sent back by the parents. Dosage-dependent and sex-specific long-term effects of antenatal betamethasone treatment on neonatal, infant and early childhood development and morbidity up to 5.3 years of age were analyzed.

Results

Dosage escalation of >24 mg was not associated with improved neonatal, infant or early child hood outcome, independent of twin pair structure. In contrast, higher doses >24 mg were significantly linked to increased rates of congenital infections (OR 5.867, 95% CI 1.895–18.167). Male sex as a factor was obvious for lower rates of apnea-bradycardia-syndrome in neonates, higher rates of no free steps after 15 months in infancy and highest rates of motor clumsiness in early childhood.

Conclusions

Betamethasone dosage escalation >24 mg in twins born between 23+5 and 33+6 weeks of gestation did not improve neonatal, infant or early childhood morbidity. In contrast, higher doses >24 mg total dose resulted in significantly higher rates of congenital infections and are not recommended. For males, 24 mg betamethasone appears to be the preferable dose.
The Influence of Mother Wisdom on Augustine
Authors: Bouwman Kitty
Published: July 2021

The Book of Ben Sira was popular in the early Christian church and influenced the Church Father Augustine (354–430). He adopts the person of Wisdom as a divine mother and adapts her within the context of the early Christian church. He links to Mother Wisdom a wisdom theology, in which Jesus is her envoy. Augustine describes Mother Wisdom as an eternal nourishing divine mother. She has a permanent revelatory status by continuously giving life-giving power, which she mediates through Jesus of Nazareth. He presents her grace which she has prepared for the competentes (the candidates for Baptism), who are working towards initiation into Christian Faith. Mother Wisdom serves as hostess in biblical Wisdom literature. For Augustine, Jesus Christ has taken this place. Mother Wisdom serves instead the angels and the spiritual persons as a representative of divine nourishment.
Arsenic exposure promotes the emergence of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Karachaliou Christiana , Sgourou Argyro , Kakkos Stavros , Kalavrouziotis Ioannis
Published: July 2021

A large number of studies conducted in the past decade 2010–2020 refer to the impact of arsenic (As) exposure on cardiovascular risk factors. The arsenic effect on humans is complex and mainly depends on the varying individual susceptibilities, its numerous toxic expressions and the variation in arsenic metabolism between individuals. In this review we present relevant data from studies which document the association of arsenic exposure with various biomarkers, the effect of several genome polymorphisms on arsenic methylation and the underling molecular mechanisms influencing the cardiovascular pathology. The corresponding results provide strong evidence that high and moderate-high As intake induce oxidative stress, inflammation and vessel endothelial dysfunction that are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and in particular hypertension, myocardial infarction, carotid intima-media thickness and stroke, ventricular arrhythmias and peripheral arterial disease. In addition, As exposure during pregnancy implies risks for blood pressure abnormalities among infants and increased mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction during early adulthood. Low water As concentrations are associated with increased systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure, coronary heart disease and incident stroke. For very low As concentrations the relevant studies are few. They predict a risk for myocardial infarction, stroke and ischemic stroke and incident CVD, but they are not in agreement regarding the risk magnitude.
Novel methodology for turbine gas meters error curve modelling across a wide range of operating parameters
Authors: Blagojevič Bogdan , Širok Brane , Bizjan Benjamin
Published: July 2021

In this paper, performance of turbine flowmeters was investigated for different flowmeter ranges and working gas operating pressures. Variation of these parameters was represented in dimensionless form as a function of Reynolds Number and gas density ratio, while the relative flow measurement error was selected as the most important operating characteristic. A novel error curve model based on turbine machine theory and dimensionless analysis was introduced for the purpose of error data fitting across a wide range of gas flow rates and operating pressures. The main advantage of the presented model is the capability of accurate error data fitting with a single continuous equation, as demonstrated by high

R

2

{R^{2}}

values for the vast majority of flowmeters analyzed in this study. The acceptability criterion was designed based on the fact that the expanded measurement uncertainty of the relative error must not exceed 0.5 %. Besides an accurate interpolation, our model can also be utilized for prediction of turbine flowmeter performance at modified flow conditions (pressure and flow rate, working gas properties), and for assessment of the drift of flowmeter performance over time. The novel error curve model is demonstrated to outperform the standard polynomial-based model regardless of the independent variable used.
Comparison of nitric oxide and adrenomedullin levels of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorder
Authors: Karagöz Yüksel Sümeyra , Doğan Özlem , Elgün Serenay , Kılıç Birim Günay
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Many studies show that adrenomedullin (ADM) is associated with nitric oxide (NO) and various mechanisms and is involved in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism by oxidative stress and HPA axis dsyregulation. The aim of this study comparison of nitric oxide and adrenomedullin levels in children with ADHD, AD and healthy control included in our study, especially due to their effect mechanisms as they may predict anxiety symptom, was to investigate the relationship between nitric oxide and adrenomedullin levels and anxiety symptoms in children with ADHD, AD and healthy control.

Methods

The study included 27 ADHD, 27 AD and 23 healthy children without any previous drug use, without comorbid disease. The semi-structured interview was conducted by the researcher in all the children attending the study. Sociodemographic information form, Conner’s Parent and Teacher Rating scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were evaluated. NO level measured by spectrophotometer, ADM levels were measured by ELISA.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference in the serum NO and ADM levels of the children included in the sampling group according to age and sex. There was no statistically significant difference between NO and ADM levels between ADHD, AD and control groups. There was no statistically significant relationship between serum NO and ADM levels and ADHD, AD and control group children of state-trait anxiety scores.

Conclusions

These findings may suggest that NO and ADM levels in children with ADHD, AD do not show these diseases and that these parameters are not associated with anxiety symptoms.
Principles and process for developing participatory adaptation pathways in the primary industries
Authors: Cradock-Henry Nicholas A. , Blackett Paula , Connolly Justin , Frame Bob , Teixeira Edmar , Johnstone Paul , Wreford Anita
Published: July 2021

Adaptation pathways is an approach to identify, assess, and sequence climate change adaptation options over time, linking decisions to critical signals and triggers derived from scenarios of future conditions. However, conceptual differences in their development can hinder methodological advance and create a disconnect between those applying pathways approaches and the wider community of practitioners undertaking vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation assessments. Here, we contribute to close these gaps, advancing principles, and processes that may be used to guide the trajectory for adaptation pathways, without having to rely on data-rich or resource-intensive methods. To achieve this, concepts and practices from the broad pathways literature is combined with our own experience in developing adaptation pathways for primary industries facing the combined impacts of climate change and other, nonclimatic stressors. Each stage is guided by a goal and tools to facilitate discussions and produce feasible pathways. We illustrate the process with a case study from Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand, involving multiple data sources and methods in two catchments. Resulting guidelines and empirical examples are consistent with principles of adaptive management and planning and can provide a template for developing local-, regional- or issue-specific pathways elsewhere and enrich the diversity of vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation assessment practice.
Characterizing ozone throughout the atmospheric column over the tropical Andes from in situ and remote sensing observations
Authors: Cazorla María , Parra René , Herrera Edgar , da Silva Francisco Raimundo
Published: July 2021

In this study, we characterize atmospheric ozone over the tropical Andes in the boundary layer, the free troposphere, and the stratosphere; we quantify each contribution to total column ozone, and we evaluate the performance of the multi-sensor reanalysis (MSR2) in the region. Thus, we present data taken in Ecuador and Peru (2014–2019). The contribution from the surface was determined by integrating ozone concentrations measured in Quito and Cuenca (Ecuador) up to boundary layer height. In addition, tropospheric and stratospheric column ozone were quantified from ozone soundings (38) launched from Quito during the study time period. Profiles were compared against soundings at Natal (SHADOZ network) for being the closest observational reference with sufficient data in 2014–2019. Data were also compared against stratospheric mixing ratios from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (Aura MLS). Findings demonstrate that the stratospheric component of total column ozone over the Andes (225.2 ± 8.9 Dobson Units [DU]) is at similar levels as those observed at Natal (223.3 ± 8.6 DU), and observations are comparable to Aura MLS data. In contrast, the tropospheric contribution is lower over the Andes (20.2 ± 4.3 DU) when compared to Natal (35.4 ± 6.4 DU) due to a less deep and cleaner troposphere. From sounding extrapolation of Quito profiles down to sea level, we determined that altitude deducts about 5–7 DU from the total column, which coincides with a 3%–4% overestimation of the MSR2 over Quito and Marcapomacocha (Peru). In addition, when MSR2 data are compared along a transect that crosses from the Amazon over Quito, the Ecuadorian coast side, and into the Pacific, observations are not significantly different among the three first locations. Results point to coarse reanalysis resolution not being suitable to resolve the formidable altitude transition imposed by the Andes mountain chain. This work advances our knowledge of atmospheric ozone over the study region and provides a robust time series of upper air measurements for future evaluations of satellite and reanalysis products.
The Double Day of Valeria Sarmiento
Authors: Ramírez-Soto Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Though sometimes rightly hailed as one of Latin America’s most important women directors, Valeria Sarmiento is more frequently referred to as the wife (now widow) and closest collaborator of Raúl Ruiz. Since Ruiz’s death in 2011, she has been completing his unfinished films. At the same time, she continues directing her own projects. This essay unpacks her unique creative partnership—working as an editor for her husband while simultaneously striving to direct her own work—as a “double day,” a concept that serves to interrogate the multiple (often unrecognized) tasks demanded of female filmmakers in relation to modes of production developed outside the boundaries of the nation-state, at the interstices of European and Latin American film and television industries. The article examines the interconnections between the gendered division of labor in filmmaking and the precarious mobilities that result from exile.
Paradygmat kontynuacji i zmiany – generalną przesłanką scholiologii i reform edukacyjnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. KEN w Krakowie, Kuźma Józef
Published: July 2021

The concept of paradigm has its origin in ancient Greece. Plato understood a paradigm as an idea or form, while Aristotle gave it the meaning of a particular pattern or model. The school, alongside the Temple, is the oldest social institution that meets the very important developmental needs of the young generations of society. It is shown in the article, based on the genesis of the school in various countries of the world, how in the history of the school there were periods of both development and stagnation. Major school system and program changes were carried out in accordance with the general principle of continuation and change. This means that everything that has worked well in the current practice of the school’s activities should be continued and the curricula and upbringing should be constantly enriched with new content, values, and experience, while consistently changing what is incompatible with current science and practice in programmes and the organizational sphere and, above all, outdated knowledge and teaching methods. This general rule should also apply to the reform of the Polish school system introduced in 2019. Only by observing the general principle of continuation and change can school reform achieve its intended goals. The fact that the optimal change paradigm is the guiding thought of learning about school or scholiology deserves to be emphasized in the presented article. The concept of scholiology met with positive feedback from many Polish scholars involved in school education, as well as Professor Mark Bray, Chairman of the World Council of Comparative Education Societies (University of Hong Kong, 2019).
Predicting tree species based on the geometry and intensity of aerial laser scanning point cloud of treetops
Authors: Kranjec Nina , Triglav Čekada Mihaela , Kobal Milan
Published: July 2021

Based on the laser point clouds of 240 individual trees that were also identified in the field, we developed decision trees to distinguish deciduous and coniferous trees and individual tree species: Picea abies, Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, Fagus sylvatica, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fraxinus excelsior. The volume of the upper part of the tree crown (height of 3 m) and the average intensity of the laser reflections were used as explanatory variables. There were four aerial laser datasets: May 2012, September 2012, March 2013 and July 2015. We found that the combination of the volume and the average intensity of the first three laser datasets was the most reliable for predicting the selected tree species (60% model performance). A slightly poorer model performance was obtained if only the average intensity of the first three datasets was used (54% model performance). The worst model performance was given by the intensities (31 % model performance) or the volumes (21 % model performance) of dataset 4, which represents the national laser scanning of Slovenia (LSS). The best performing was the deciduous and coniferous separation, which achieved 75% and 95% success based on the test data (combination of volume and average intensity of the first three laser datasets). Using only the LSS intensities, deciduous and coniferous trees could be separated with 81% success.
Adaptive total variation constraint hypergraph regularized NMF for single‐cell RNA‐seq data analysis
Authors: Zhu Ya‐Li , Zhang Xiao‐Ning , Wang Chuan‐Yuan , Liu Jin‐Xing , Kong Xiang‐Zhen
Published: July 2021

Background

Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data provides a whole new view to study disease and cell differentiation development. With the explosive increment of scRNA‐seq data, effective models are demanded for mining the intrinsic biological information.

Methods

This paper proposes a novel non‐negative matrix factorization (NMF) method for clustering and gene co‐expression network analysis, termed Adaptive Total Variation Constraint Hypergraph Regularized NMF (ATV‐HNMF). ATV‐HNMF can adaptively select the different schemes to denoise the cluster or preserve the cluster boundary information between clusters based on the gradient information. Besides, ATV‐HNMF incorporates hypergraph regularization, which can consider high‐order relationships between cells to reserve the intrinsic structure of the space.

Results

Experiments show that the performances on clustering outperform other compared methods, and the network construction results are consistent with previous studies, which illustrate that our model is effective and useful.

Conclusion

From the clustering results, we can see that ATV‐HNMF outperforms other methods, which can help us to understand the heterogeneity. We can discover many disease‐related genes from the constructed network, and some are worthy of further clinical exploration.
Strength grading of northern hardwood species for structural engineered wood products: Identification of the relevant indicating properties
Authors: Morin-Bernard Alexandre , Blanchet Pierre , Dagenais Christian , Achim Alexis
Published: July 2021

Strength grading of hardwoods is a prerequisite to use them in structural engineered wood products. However, hardwood strength grading is considerably less developed than it is for softwood species. Previous study has shown that white ash and yellow birch are promising species for the manufacture of glued-laminated timber. However, no strength grading procedure dedicated to hardwoods is available in Canada. The objective of this study was to identify the relevant indicating properties for predicting the ultimate tensile strength of the investigated species. A model selection approach allowed to identify the most performing models and to compare, for each species, the relative impact of the indicating properties. The indicating properties included in the final models were the density of the specimens, the dynamic modulus of elasticity, the sinus of the maximum local grain deviation (SGDmax) as well as the knot area index (KAI), derived from the knot area ratio. The final models revealed important differences between the two species, indicating that it may be relevant to grade them separately to ensure the most efficient utilization of the resource. The coefficients of determination between the actual and model predicted UTS were 0.82 for white ash and 0.78 for yellow birch.