bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumo de prostitución y construcción de las masculinidades contemporáneas en España
Authors: Gómez Suárez Águeda , Casado-Neira David , Pérez Freire Silvia
Published: June 2016

En las sociedades contemporáneas el consumo de servicios de prostitución, mayoritariamente entre la población masculina, es uno de los indicadores más significativos de una forma de entender, vivir y sentir la sexualidad. España es el primer país europeo en consumo de prostitución, pero la actividad no está regulada, su consumo no está penado, así como tampoco su oferta. Se aborda la construcción de las identidades masculinas en España en relación a la prostitución. Se ha recurrido al análisis de 18 entrevistas a clientes de servicios de prostitución, dos a trabajadores de prostíbulos y un grupo de discusión con clientes y no clientes. Se han descubierto cuatro ethos de consumidores de prostitución (misógino, mercantilista, amigo crítico). A pesar de las masculinidades emergentes (amigo-acompañante) frente al modelo tradicional de masculinidad (padre-protector) ambas posibilitan una lógica en la que el consumo de servicios de prostitución tiene plena vigencia y se justifica. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios: integración de factores cognitivos y socio-personales
Authors: Durán-Aponte Emilse , Arias-Gómez Diana
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la existencia o ausencia de relación entre la intención emprendedora y un conjunto de variables cognitivas (autoeficacia emprendedora, actitud emprendedora y estilo emocional) y variables socio-personales (sexo, experiencia laboral, trabajar actualmente, poseer una empresa familiar, vivir con padres o no) en estudiantes universitarios. Método: participaron 159 estudiantes de los cuales 73 eran mujeres y 86 hombres. A través de una regresión logística se encontró que una alta autoeficacia para el liderazgo de recursos claves y un bajo estilo emocional de rumiación, contribuyen con la intención de emprender. Se discuten estos resultados en el contexto latinoamericano y se recomienda el énfasis que debe hacerse en la formación de futuros profesionales universitarios orientados a emprender, dando mayor relevancia a aspectos psicológicos del individuo en vez de la visión estrictamente económica y gerencial presente en los planes de formación para emprendedores de la actualidad. Por último, la principal contribución del estudio estuvo en la combinación de factores cognitivos y socio-personales en una misma muestra, la utilización de dimensiones más claras de las variables autoeficacia y actitud emprendedora, la promoción de instrumentos validados en la población de estudio y el uso de una técnica estadística potente y multicausal, como lo es la regresión logística. Se recomienda la investigación longitudinal para comprobar si efectivamente se convierten en emprendedores y verificar los factores explicativos de ello, además, comparar los resultados con población emprendedora para establecer relaciones más claras y eliminar aquellos factores que no contribuyan en la explicación del fenómeno. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
El desarrollo regional como responsabilidad social de la universidad. Caso del ecoturismo en la provincia de Tungurahua
Authors: Martí Noguera Juan José , Melo Fiallos Diego Fernando , Díez Martínez Daniel
Published: June 2016

El rol de la universidad en el desarrollo regional es objeto de reflexión en este artículo mediante el análisis de un caso concreto: el desarrollo del ecoturismo en la provincia de Tungurahua, en Ecuador, por medio del programa Prometeo de la Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación con la Universidad Técnica de Ambato. La responsabilidad social universitaria como concepto se presenta mediante la articulación de la metodología de investigación acción participativa, en la cual el proceso de análisis y propuesta de acciones a desarrollar son producto del diálogo y acuerdos entre actores de la academia y los sectores público y privado. Las conclusiones apuntan a que el desarrollo del ecoturismo, como necesidad identificada en el cambio de matriz productiva, requiere de una universidad que desde la interacción con grupos de interés sea catalizadora de los intereses de las diferentes partes y anteponga el trabajo participativo que garantice una visión conjunta en un área interdisciplinar como el turismo. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Justicia organizacional, desempeño laboral y discapacidad
Authors: Peña Ochoa Maribel , Durán Palacio Nicolasa María
Published: June 2016

Este artículo expone los resultados de una revisión documental de los conceptos de justicia organizacional, desempeño laboral en relación al colectivo de personas en situación de discapacidad. La pesquisa se efectuó en bases de datos bibliográficas de acceso abierto y restringido a textos completos y referenciales en línea, textos impresos en bibliotecas de instituciones de educación superior. Los hallazgos fundamentan la evidencia del nivel de incidencia que tienen las acciones de las empresas en las percepciones de justicia organizacional de sus empleados y la relación que existe entre estas y el desempeño laboral. Sin embargo, esta correlación ha sido establecida en trabajadores sin limitaciones o restricciones en sus funcionamientos, pero no en empleados con alguna situación de discapacidad y menos aún en el contexto colombiano. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Presentación. La ética en las publicaciones científicas
Authors: Cogollo-Ospina Sonia Natalia
Published: June 2016

Se reflexiona sobre la ética en las publicaciones científicas y se hace la presentación del número de la revista. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Continuidades históricas en la conquista de América
Authors: Cárdenas Tamara Felipe
Published: June 2016

El trabajo busca proporcionar una imagen de síntesis del proceso de la conquista de América. Se destaca el enorme cambio cultural generado desde la conquista, como las tendencias de continuidad del proceso histórico en mención. Se hace una valoración sobre la importante presencia demográfica que sigue presentándose en América en lo relativo a su componente indígena. En términos generales se busca con el texto mantener viva la memoria histórica del proceso de la conquista. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Notas sobre la microsociología y el cuerpo. Las microcorporalidades de Becker, Scott, Bourdieu y de Certeau
Authors: Fraga Eugenia
Published: June 2016

En el presente trabajo nos interesa indagar en el modo en que la perspectiva microsociológica ha pensado el tema del cuerpo. Queremos ver de qué formas, autores tan variados y a la vez tan afines como Howard Becker, James Scott, Pierre Bourdieu y Michel de Certeau, herederos en distinta medida del interaccionismo simbólico de George Mead, han concebido aquella dimensión tan central –y a veces tan soslayada– de la vida social como es la corporalidad. Para ello deberemos, en primer lugar, profundizar en las reflexiones de Mead, antecedente relevante del resto de los autores aquí trabajados. En segundo lugar, deberemos realizar un rastreo de los distintos conceptos utilizados por Becker, Scott, Bourdieu y de Certeau, para hablar del cuerpo humano. Finalmente, intentaremos esbozar unas conclusiones comparativas. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Investigadores-docentes/docentes-investigadores en sociología: una mirada desde el dualismo subjetivismo-objetivismo
Authors: Mancebo Patricia Fernanda
Published: June 2016

Este artículo es producto de una serie de reflexiones en torno al abordaje de nuestro objeto de estudio, teniendo en cuenta nuestro perfil profesional y laboral: somos sociólogos-docentes que quieren estudiar los cambios en sus propias prácticas, a partir de la incorporación de tecnologías digitales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Nuestra posición como docentes que quieren comprender sus propias prácticas requiere explicaciones epistemológicas al construir y abordar nuestro objeto de estudio y encontramos que la problemática interpretativa desde la dualidad subjetivismo-objetivismo, es una tensión teórica que nos sirve de marco para dichas precisiones. En este contexto, el siguiente artículo pretende integrar desde un plano teórico una mirada analítica de la tarea de investigación, y una mirada desde la dinámica del proceso de investigación al reflexionar sobre el rol de los investigadores que son parte cercana del objeto de estudio que abordan.Comenzaremos la exposición a partir de los aportes teóricos de Anthony Giddens y Pierre Bourdieu, dos exponentes de la teoría social contemporánea, refiriéndonos a la superación de la dicotomía subjetivismo-objetivismo y el lugar del investigador en la producción de conocimiento. Luego, a partir de algunas categorías fenomenológicas de Alfred Schütz, nos proponemos reflexionar sobre el doble rol como sociólogos-docentes frente a esta problemática, a fin de esclarecer cómo la subjetividad en realidad no debe ser combatida sino que es parte constitutiva de nuestro objeto de estudio y de nuestro ser-en-el-mundo. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
La revisión por pares (“peer review”) en las revistas científicas latinoamericanas
Authors: Restrepo Botero Juan Carlos
Published: June 2016

© Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Presentación. Desafíos de las revistas científicas latinoamericanas
Authors: Cogollo-Ospina Sonia Natalia
Published: June 2016

En el abarrotado mundo de las publicaciones científicas cada vez son mayores las exigenciaspara las revistas latinoamericanas, mientras que las condiciones en que se compite con los países desarrollados son desiguales. La inequidad respecto a la inversión del producto interno bruto de un país en investigación se refleja, obviamente, en la baja posibilidad de realizar investigaciones con alta tecnología y de acceder a las herramientas y software que permitan una competitividad mediana con los países líderes. Asimismo, las políticas en torno a la medición de la calidad científica que generalmente son importadas del primer mundo, sin contar entre muchos otros con los limitantes ya señalados, generan un clima de desasosiego en aquellos académicos que desean comunicar y divulgar sus resultados y que esperan tener algún impacto real en las comunidades que pueden aprovechar dicha información. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Presentación
Authors: Cogollo Ospina Sonia Natalia
Published: June 2016

© Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
The perceived influence on organizational productivity: a perspective of a public entity
Authors: Green Paul
Published: June 2016

In an economic climate characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, organizational productivity plays a more central role in determining success. There are many factors that impinge upon employees in their daily execution of duties that affect output. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence organizational productivity, specifically, from the viewpoint of its employees. The study draws upon a quantitative paradigm using a non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected from a total of 161 employees using a structured questionnaire across two different office sites in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Statistical correlation tests were administered, and the findings indicate an association between organizational policies and employee benefit; organizational policies and performance appraisal; and performance appraisal and employee benefit. This research also confirms the findings of others, more significantly, in terms of reinforcing the perceptions of leadership and work-life balance as influential factors
Association of ABO and Rh blood group systems with blood pressure in a population sample from Peshawar, NWFP, Pakistan
Authors: Alam Shamim , Alam Salma , Mahmood Rashid , Haq Ihteshamul , Alam Saima
Published: June 2016

Background: Abundant literature is available on the association of blood groups to various diseases. It was thus hypothesized that similar linkage may also exist between blood groups and Hypertension, which prompted me to work on this project. Material and Methods: This study was carried out from June 2001 to September 2003 on 1304 subjects out of which 756 were male and 548 were females. Age ranged from 18-65 years. The blood groups and blood pressure were determined in PMRC Research Center KMC Peshawar, by using standard methods. Results: Out of 1304 subjects distribution of blood groups was such that blood group B (30.1%)> O (29.7%) >A (28.5%)>AB (10.1%). No significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found among the all groups. However significant differences existed between the two sexes within blood group B & O for systolic BP and A & O groups for diastolic BP. Significant differences in systolic BP were found between A+ve and O+ve phenotypes only. A-ve males had lower systol ic BP than O-ve males. Substantially more conspicuous Rh factor associated differences became evident among the ABO phenotypes. Nearly similar trends were evident for systolic and diastolic blood pressure as age of both genders of the A, B and AB phenotypes advanced. Statistically significant (P<0.05) increase above the age of 16-20 years group was noticed at least as far as the 41-50 years age groups. Especially highly significant increase in systolic and diastolic Blood pressure in Group A (both males and females) and in Group B and AB (females only) was noticed. Conclusion: It is advisable that the males having blood group O-ve and females having AB-ve should be aware of their blood pressure and maintain it with in the normal limits especially by changing their lifestyle
Influence of anesthesia on blood loss during prostatic resection
Authors: Ahsan Zafarul , P J Eglish , R Cartner , R Mitchell , Zaeem FA
Published: June 2016

Objective: The volume of blood loss during prostatic resection (TURP) is determined by a number of factors. The aim of the present study was to ascertain the independent effect of a general or a spinal anaesthetic on the amount of intraoperative blood loss. Patients and methods: A total of 110 patients treated by TURP, were entered in to a prospective study. The mean age of the patients was 71 years (range 45-91). Sixty-six patients (60%) received a spinal and 44 (40%) had a general anaesthetic ; 80 % of resections were benign and 20 % for malignant disease. The mean resected weight was 29.7grams (range 3-100) and the mean resection time was 28.9 minutes (range 5 - 60). The volume of blood loss was calculated by a well described method and the mean loss was 319mls (range 6 - 1587). Results: The mean weight of the resected prostate tissue and the volume of blood loss was significantly high in patients who had received a spinal anaesthetic (p=0.001 and p=0.005 respectively). However, when the independent i nfluence of the type of anaesthesia and the resected weight on blood loss was analysed, it was found that the former had no significant effect (p=0.28) whereas the later influenced very significantly (p<0.001). Blood transfusion requirement was similar in both groups and no hypotensive episodes were recorded. Conclusion: Although previous studies have suggested that spinal anaesthesia reduces blood loss during prostatic resection, however, the present study fails to confirm this association
Early conversion is a safe option to avoid complications in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the beginners
Authors: Ali Maratab , Gondal Sikandar Hayat , Rana Hammad Naeem , Ali Mansab
Published: June 2016

A prospective study of 60 patients with 56(93.3%)females and 4(6.6%)males, age ranging from 25-65years underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.50 (83.3%) laparoscopic cholecystectomies were successfully completed while 10(16.6%) were converted into open procedure. Out of 10(100%), in 5(50%) the cause of conversion was excessive bleeding while in the remaining 5(50%) the cause was adhesion, inflammation and hypotension. Operative time varies from 40 to 100minutes with mean of 70minutes. Postoperative drainage done in 40(66.6%) of cases. 5(8.3%) patients developed complications, out of which 4 patients developed biloma and one patient developed port side wound infection. There was no CBD clipping, Gut injury or mortality recorded in this series. It is concluded that early conversion is a safe option to avoid life-threatening complications for the Beginners
Crab Louse infestation of eyelashes
Authors: Hye Abdul
Published: June 2016

Purpose: To present clinical features and management of ten patients of crab louse infestation of eyelashes Methods: Present study includes ten cases of crab louse infestation of eyelashes seen during last few years in eye OPD of Services Hospital & Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Patients visiting eye out-patients department who were reported to have crab louse infestation of eyelashes were examined in detail including systemic examination. Infested parts of the body were photographed as well. The adult patients were asked about similar problem in their sexual partners and the parents of children were inquired similarly. All patients were treated with adequate washing of eyelashes and other involved parts with soap and water and application of any ophthalmic preparation having petroleum base e.g. Polyfax eye ointment in the conjunctival sac and eyelashes and anti-lice dermal preparation e.g. Lotrix (Permethrin) skin preparation to other parts. All patients were followed for a period of three months performing examination of eyelashes with slitlamp and systemic examination every two weeks. Results: Seven out of ten patien ts were adults (70%), five males and two females, and remaining three patients were children (30%). Forty percent of patients (4/10 patients) had related systemic lesions, including blue gray macules (Maculae caeruleae) and the bullous lesions. In addition to systemic dermatological manifestations, ocular symptoms included deposits in the roots of eyelashes, irritation or feeling of some thing moving in lid margins, mild lacrimation and redness. Ocular examination revealed multiple lice anchoring themselves in the roots of eyelashes sucking blood, along with hundreds of nits cemented with eyelashes. There was a mild conjunctival congestion. Removal of lice resulted in formation of small ulcers of margin of lid. Adequate washing with soap and water, followed by application of Polyfax eye ointment for two to three weeks, resulted in complete cure of the palpebral disease. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the significance of an infrequently seen clinical condition of crab louse infestation of eyelashes, not only as a venereal disease expecting much higher number of infections but also as an important cause of refractory cases of chronic irritation of eyes with blepharitis. Careful examination of eyelids with slitlamp microscope may establish the diagnosis. All the sexual partners should be treated simultaneously. Other parts of the body having less dense population of hair should be examined and adequate measures should be taken for the management, including application of anti-lice dermal ointment e.g. Lotrix (Permethrin) skin ointment.
Surgical techniques for hemostasis in penetrating trauma to femoral artery
Authors: Ahmad Nazir , Ahmad Ashfaq , Shah Syed Tahir Ahmad
Published: June 2016

Objectives: To analyse the efficacy of various operative procedures and factors affecting the outcome especially the effect of limb ischemia time in penetrating trauma to the femoral artery. Study Design: Prospective. Setting: Study was conducted at West Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore. Duration: August 2001 to July 2004. Materials and Methods: All the patients >12 years of age referred from periphery as well as directly admitted with penetrating trauma to the femoral vessels alone or associated with other organ injuries having hard/soft physical signs of an arterial injury were included in the study. Results: 39(97.5%) patients were male, age ranged from 14-53 years with the mean limb ischemia time of 7.8 hours in the series. 35(87.5%) patients sustained firearm injuries. Superficial femoral artery was injured in 23(57.5%) followed by vein in 12(30%) and major vessels were found intact in 4(10%) patients. Lateral arteriorrhaphy was performed in 4(10%) & venorrhaphy in 3(7.5%) patients with 100 % succ ess rate, resection and primary anastomosis in 18(45%) patients with pseudo aneurysm formation in 1(2.5%) patient. Reverse great saphenous vein graft was interposed in 9(22.5%) patients with graft failure rate of 5% (2 patients). Femoral vein was ligated in 12(30%) patients with development of deep vein thrombosis in 2(5%) patients. There were 3(7.5%) deaths. No synthetic graft was used in the series. Conclusion: Exsanguination, prolonged injury duration, associated organ injuries and extensive soft tissue and skin damage of the extremities were the major factors responsible for increased morbidity particularly limb loss and mortality. Proximity of injury to the femoral vessels was a poor predictor of an arterial injury in the study. Arteriorrhaphy and primary end-to-end anastomosis are the main stays for an arterial injury repair, next comes the use of autogenous vein graft, in our setup. Moreover ligation of femoral vein is not associated with leg amputation.
Cleft lip & palate surgery "where do we stand in the 21st century?" based on study of referral patterns to a tertiary care centre
Authors: Tarar Moazzam Nazeer , Mahmood Farrukh , Malik Falak S , Khan Salman A , Khalid Kamran , Riaz Ahsan
Published: June 2016

A prospective study was carried out over the period of six years including 215 patients. The objective of this study has been to evaluate the types of the clefts, their predisposing factors, age at first presentation and need for revisional surgery and to compare these with published studies on the subject and to draw conclusion about the epidemiology and the facilities available for its surgical correction. Design: Prospective, observational study. Methodology: 215 patients were evaluated over a period of six years by filling a proforma, which was entered into database. Different parameters were evaluated. Conclusion: There are a significant number of cleft patients presenting for first time above the age of 10 years. A large number of inappropriately treated patients require revisional surgery because of lack of properly trained cleft surgeons. Due to lack of specialized cleft care teams in our country no patient in this study could get comprehensive care for this deformity. It is need of the hour to pr ovide multidisciplinary care to these patients.
Goserline versus danazol in the treatment of endometriosis
Authors: Akram Humaira , Khanum Zohra , Nasir Alia , Rana Tabinda
Published: June 2016

Objective: The objective of this study was to achieve symptoms relief of endometriosis with a drug having better efficacy and least side effects. Study Design: Experimental. Place & Duration of Study: Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore from March, 2003 to Feb. 2005. Subjects & Methods: The trial was conducted on two groups; one group (n = 20) received goserline and other group (n=20) received danazol for 6 months. Patients were followed for relief of symptoms including dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia, lower abdominal pain and menstrual irregularity and appearance of side effects. Results: The results depicted that in Danazol group 50% pain relief was found in 5 patients (25%) while in goserline group in 4 patients (20%). 75% pain relief was seen in 7 patients (35%) in danazol group and 8 patients (40%) in goserline group. 100% of improvement in pain found in equal number of patient that is 8(40%) in both groups. Both drugs were effective in pain relief (P >0.05), Goserline had less side effects as compared to Danazol (P<0.05). Conclusion: Goserline and Danazol are equally effective in symptomatic relief of endometriosis while side effects favoured use of GnRH agonist.
Unilateral high division of right sciatic nerve
Authors: Nasim Mamoona , Khalid Sarah , Nabeel Hafsa
Published: June 2016

A thorough knowledge of pelvis and lower extremity is of paramount importance in providing effective care to patients with lower extremity neuralgia. Neuroanatomy knowledge typically acquired in medical colleges at undergraduate level is limited and may not adequately equip the clinicians to effectively manage a patient with intractable pain of lower extremity especially if the nerves are not following a typical course. Sciatic nerve is the main nerve supplying most of the muscles and all of the joints of lower limb. It is a branch of Sacral plexus that leaves the pelvis usually below the piriformis muscle and after supplying the hamstring compartment divide at the level of apex of popliteal fossa into its two terminal divisions namely; Tibial And Common peroneal nerves. Sometimes Sciatic nerve while in the pelvis divides into its terminal branches that leave the pelvis in a number of ways in relation to piriformis muscle. This high division is responsible for ischalgia, wrongly placed intra-muscular inje ctions and piriformis syndrome. This study is carried out in various medical colleges of Lahore including FMH college of Medicine and Dentistry to update the statistical data provided to the therapist and clinicians managing patients of sciatica, ischalgia or piriformis syndrome.
Role of magnesium sulphate in ischemic stroke
Authors: Aman Nabeel Ahmed , Niaz Zafar , Razzaq Anjum , Z Hussain Ssain Shah , B Aziz , K Rauf , A Rehman , Hasan Mumtaz , A REHMAN
Published: June 2016

Objective: To evaluate the role of magnesium sulphate in patients presenting with ischaemic stroke. Methods: This experimental type of interventional study was carried out at Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Within 24 hours of onset of clinically diagnosed stroke, which was later confirmed by CT scan, patients were randomized to receive either magnesium sulphate (16mmol IV over 15 minutes and 65mmol over 24 hours) or placebo. Their disability was measured by Barthel score at presentation and outcome measured after three months by death and disability and the results were compared between the two groups. Those patients who had a Barthel score of = 12 at three months were considered independent and those with a score of < 12 were considered disabled. The results were analyzed by SPSS. Results: Fifty patients were recruited in the study. 25 patients were randomized to receive MgSO4 and 25 received placebo. The Barthel score improved from 5.13.3 at presentation to 13.53.4 after three months in all the patients so the re was improvement whether MgSO4 was given or not. Patients who were randomized to receive MgSO4 had a lower Barthel score of 4.22.9 as compared to controls 5.9 3.5, but after three months they improved more than the controls gaining a score of 15.71.9 versus 11.33.2 (p=0.000). The mortality rate was not statistically different in the two groups. 88% patients had a Barthel score of > 12 at three months in the MgSO4 and 30% in the control/placebo group. Combined death and disability was 8% in MgSO4 group and 60% in the control group. Moreover MgSO4 was well tolerated. Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate therapy was safe in patients presenting with ischaemic stroke irrespective of the site of infarct. It improves prognosis regarding Barthel score at three months as well as the difference in the Barthel score at presentation and at three months. A greater percentage of magnesium treated patients led independent lives after three months.
Appendicectomy; non-invaginaton vs. invagination of Appendicular stump
Authors: Rafi Mahzar , Saleem Leem Arshad M , Ahmad Sarfraz , Haq Riaz Ul
Published: June 2016

Objective: To find out the benefits of invagination of stump during appendicetomy. Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal emergency requiring emergency surgery. Design: A prospective randomized clinical trail. Period: From June 2003 - May 2005. Setting: Mayo Hospital & Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Patients & methods: A prospective randomized study including 200 patients undergoing appendicectomy was carried out to see any advantage of invagination of appendicular stump. Results: A total of 200 operated cases of appendicitis divided in two groups of 100 cases each. In Group, a there were 59 males and to 2nd and 3rd decade. I Group there were 63 males and females. The youngest patient was 5 year old while the eldest was 57 year old. Maximum patients belonged to 2nd and 3rd decade. Conclusion: It was that there was no added benefit of invagination of appendicular stump, rather it took more operative time, and times, it was hazardous to do so
Comparative study of primary repair versus ileostomy in patients of typhoid perforation
Authors: Waqar Tariq , Khan Safdar Ali
Published: June 2016

Objective: To evaluate the better surgical option in cases of typhoid perforation comparing ileostomy and the primary repair. Study design: It was a cross sectional comparative study. Place and duration of study: Department of Surgery, Nishtar hospital Multan during December 2003 to November 2004. Patients and methods: A total of 50 cases of typhoid perforation which presented in less than 24 hours after perforation. The patients were divided into two groups of 25 patients each in double blind randomized pattern. In one group ileostomy was done and in the other group primary repair was done. Results: The mortality rate in the ileostomy was 8% and the morbidity rate was 56%. In the patients with primary repair the mortality rate was 12% and the morbidity rate was 24%. Conclusion: If patient present within 24 hours after perforation provided that the patient is in good general health and with no other concomitant illness primary repair of the typhoid perforation should be done in every patient.
A comparison of medical treatment versus surgical treatment for the management of Otitis media with effusion
Authors: Rohail Ahmad , Gill Zafar Iqbal , Riaz Mohammad , Ali Shahid Imran , Butt Iqbal Hussain
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectives: This study is designed: To assess outcome of the two modes of treatment (medical and surgical) of otitis media with effusion in terms of their effectiveness and patient compliance, and to compare in terms of side effects and complications. Sample size: Forty patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria included in the study. They were divided into two groups by random allocation of medical or surgical mode of treatment. Thus each group consisted of twenty patients. Study setting: The study was conducted in the Department of ENT Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Results: In Medically Treated Twenty patients effusion did not resolve in most of the cases, and recovered after some time during the follow-up period. In remaining twenty patients treated surgically, there was immediate improvement in hearing in most of the patients. Conclusion: Complications rate is more in surgical treatment as compared to medical treatment. But in spite of this, surgical treatment is better option in our set-up r egarding effectiveness and patient compliance.
Moral delimma of Abortion
Authors: Mahmood Kaiser
Published: June 2016

Abortion is the termination of pregnancy. Not many years ago majority of the people considered abortion a crime so disgusting that it was hardly mentioned in public. Abortion was the dramatic stuff of novels and movies portraying girls in trouble or women pushed to the brink. Times have changed somewhat. Abortion is now legal in the west. Yet controversy over the legitimacy of abortion continues to flare. In the history of medical ethics, no other topic has attracted more attention. The reason is clear. In the abortion issue, major moral, legal and social issues are intertwined to form a problem of great subtlety and complexity. This is a review article.
Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in cousin marriages
Authors: Zafar Humera , Khan Farid Ahmad , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Niazi Noor Ahmad , F Zafar , M Ali , M Sohail , Khan Aamer Zaman , Abi Khalid Javed
Published: June 2016

Background: Birth defects are one of the leading causes of paediatric disability and mortality in developing as well as developed countries. The purpose of this study is to report our 3 months experience regarding the prevalence of cleft lip and palate in cousin marriages. Methods: A retrospective review of 50 patients who presented with cleft lip or cleft lip/palate during 3 months, from 9th March to 8th June, 2005 was carried out.. Results: Among the risk factors cousin marriages is a most frequent risk factor. Cleft lip is more common than cleft lip/palate and cleft lip alone is a different entity than cleft lip and palate combined.
Relationship of ABO blood groups in patients with oral cancers
Authors: Jamil Sajid , Saleem Naveed Akhtar , Amjad Syed Ikhlaq , Butt Anjum Rashid , Tayyab Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad
Published: June 2016

Present study was designed to find the association of ABO blood groups with oral cancers. In this study 50 diagnosed cases of oral cancers and 50 healthy controls were selected. ABO blood grouping, complete blood examination was performed in all these subjects. Out of 50 patients 16 were blood group A, 11 group `B`, 8 group `AB` and 15 belong to group `O` as compared to controls who were, 14, 15, 3, 18 for blood groups A, B, AB and O respectively. Conclusions: No relationship is found between Oral Cancers and ABO Blood groups.
Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Chohan Muhammad Arshad , Butt Fauzia , Mansoor Humaira , Falak Tanzeela
Published: June 2016

Objective: To provide fertility assistance and to determine the response of clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Design: Observational study. Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Lady Willingdon Hospital Lahore. Eighty-four patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome who required fertility assistance were subjected to clomiphene citrate therapy for duration of 12 months from February 2005 to January 2006. Intervention: Clomiphene citrate (50-150mg) was administered from second to sixth day of menstrual cycle and TVS performed on 12th and 16th day of cycle for follicular growth, ovulation, endometerial thickness and echogenic pattern. Main outcome measures: Ovulation, conception rate, miscarriage rate and ovarian hyperstimulation rate were assessed. In addition the thickness and echogenic pattern of the endometrium was observed in conceived group. Results: Forty-six patients (54.76%) ovulated in six cycles while twenty-seven (32.14%) remained anovulatory. Sixteen women (34.79%) conceived during the study period. Out of which ten women (62.5%) miscarried. Endometerial thickness did not differ (P>.50) between the conceived and non-conceived group but echogenic grade A pattern (75%) was observed during the conceived cycles (P<. 001). Conclusion: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a successful drug for ovulation induction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. But the discrepancy in ovulation and pregnancy rate s upport that clomiphene citrate therapy has antiestrogenic effect at the endometrium, which interferes with implantation of pregnancy. The high miscarriage rate in these patients demand some other forms of therapies. These include weight reduction, use of insulin sensitizing drugs, gonadotrophin therapy and ovarian drilling to reduce high LH levels, thus correcting disturbed hormonal milieu, ovulation resumption and pregnancy outcome.
Level of satisfaction of parents attending pediatric emergency
Authors: Khan Humayun Iqbal , Afzal Muhammad Faheem , Khaliq Naila
Published: June 2016

Background: Patient satisfaction is an important indicator of quality of health care. Without appreciable levels of patient satisfaction, health plans may not get full accreditation and will lack competitive edge enjoyed by full accredited plans. Objective: To study the level of satisfaction of the parents visiting Pediatric emergency of Mayo Hospital Lahore for medical care of their children and to formulate suggestions to further improve the quality of care. Design: Descriptive qualitative cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in emergency section of the department of Pediatrics King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital Lahore in 45 days (July 01, 2005 to Aug 15, 2005). Patients and methods: During the study period, a total of 100 parents were selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Consent was taken and confidentiality was assured. They were interviewed by using a structured proforma. Results: Out of 100 parents, 60 were of male children and 40 wer e of female children. The questionnaire was scored for 14 core topics. Majority (71%) took less than 5 minutes for their first encounter from hospital door to the medical personnel. 47% were attended by casualty medical officer within 5 minutes and 40% were attended within 10 minutes. Out of total, 51% were attended by emergency doctors within 5 minutes. Overall attitude of "purchi clerk" was found to be satisfactory. Attitude of casualty medical officer, attending doctors, nursing staff was very good while that of paramedics was found to be good. Cleanliness in emergency was fair while comfort and environment of emergency was satisfactory. Availability of medicines in emergency was found to be excellent (82%). Overall, 22% of parents were fully satisfied while 11% were not satisfied at all. Mean level of satisfaction was 69.57%. Conclusion: It is concluded that majority of parents were satisfied with the services offered in Pediatric emergency of Mayo Hospital Lahore.
Medical informatics within the undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum in Pakistan: challenges and need of 21st century
Authors: Aziz Nasir
Published: June 2016

At present a large number of private and public medical schools in Pakistan are still teaching by traditional methods whereas most of the medical schools in the modern world are training their future physicians by latest teaching tools like evidenced-based and problem-based learning. It is a fact that our graduates no doubt have very strong knowledge of basic sciences and clinical skills. They can compete anywhere in the world but we should accept that we are week in medical informatics due to many reasons. We must recommit ourselves to our teaching missions by vigorously pursuing strategies that support and recognize the invaluable contributions of teaching faculty to the preservation of these missions. In my opinion we must continuously innovate and utilize innovative methods like medical informatics as a tool to help us to attain our mission to produce physicians of 21st century. We should produce the doctors who have the knowledge, attitude, aptitude and clinical skills consistent with the teaching learning philosophy of medical institutions.
Peritoneal drainage as definitive therapy in neonates with Necrotizing Enterocolitis irrespective of weight and gestational age
Authors: Haq Muhammad Riazul , Saied Gamal El , Rafi Mazhar , Gamal Hamida
Published: June 2016

Objective: To evaluate efficacy of peritoneal drainage(PD) in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) having pneumoperitoneam or peritonitis as a definitive tool of management irrespective of weight and gestational age(GA). Design:Prospective analysis of 12 cases. Place and duration:This study was conducted in 2 hospital in Taif Saudi Arabia from December2002 to September 2005. Subject and Methods: All neonates diagnosed as NEC with pneumoperitoneum or peritonitis were included in this study irrespective of weight and GA and peritoneal drainage was performed as a primary tool of management. Results:Pertoneal drainage was performed in 15 patients, but 3 of them were excluded as the cause of pneumoperitonium and peritonitis were other than NEC.Out of 12 neonates 89% improved after PD,only 1(8%) needed surgery.Overall survival was 75%.Main cause of mortality was a second attack of NEC and sepsis. Conclusion: PD is an effective way of treating neonates with NEC irrespective of weight and GA. PD not on ly stabilizez the neonates rather proves to be a definite treatment for the sick premature babies who can not tolerate general anesthesia and surgical stress.Mortality rate is high with second attack of NEC.
Psychological autopsy study of suicide pattern and its relationship to depressive illness
Authors: Aziz Khalid , Afridi Hakim Khan , Khichi Zawar Hussain
Published: June 2016

Suicide with respect to the high risk individuals is emerging as an important entity in our society requiring research and evaluation. The following study was conducted at CMC Hospital Larkana by doing a psychological autopsy, to see the pattern of suicide and its relation to depressive illness. A total of 52 suicide cases were reported by police authorities for autopsy examination during the months of November 2002 to October 2004. The autopsy records of these cases were consulted along with the police inquest reports. The relatives were traced with the help of police records and interviews were held using a structured interview form with at least two informants including a near relative or a friend. The results demonstrate that the act of suicide is more prevalent in males than in females. The high risk age group is 30 - 39 yrs. Firearms and Hanging is the most commonly employed mean. Most of the victims were married. Only 4 were widow / widowers. The trimester from August to October occasioned for abou t 53.8% cases. 71% of the victims were assessed to be suffering from major depressive illness. Recognition of high risk individuals and their treatment at a psychiatric hospital may save precious lives. The study also calls to repeal the law concerning suicide.
Transversely meshed skin grafting for aesthetically sensitive areas
Authors: Tarar Moazzam Nazeer , Mehmood Farrukh , Riaz Ahsan , Khan Zafarullah , Khalid Kamran , Sher Falak
Published: June 2016

Objective: Meshing of split thickness skin grafts (SSG) improves the chances of their `take` by allowing blood and exudates to escape. Traditional wide meshing has a major disadvantage of having a cosmetically compromised checkerboard or lizard skin appearance. For which reason they can not be used on aesthetically sensitive areas like head and neck and extremities. Unmeshed SSG does not ensure adequate drainage and at times results in poor `take`. Transverse meshing ensures better drainage and its cosmetic appearance is also comparable to that of unmeshed SSG. The objective of this study has been to analyze the advantages of this novel technique in skin grafting and see its efficacy over un-meshed grafts. Design: An original article based on a prospective, observational study. Methodology: A total number of 69 patients were studied between October 1999 and April 2003. Both male and female patients of all age groups were selected, ranging between 11/2 and 70 years. Patients selected for skin grafting inc luded those with wounds caused by burns, degloving injuries of the scalp, genitalia, hands and feet and post burn contractures of the neck and extremities, and flap donor sites (see table below). Skin grafts were harvested with a pneumatic dermatome. A mesher board of 1.5: 1 expansion was cut into two equal halves which were placed side by side with the grooved side up. Skin grafts were applied and secured in the standard fashion. The patients were followed up on outpatient basis. Results: Graft success rate was 93% with acceptable cosmetic appearance. There was a total loss of two grafts (2.7%) and partial loss of three (4.3%). The healing of the graft was excellent. Conclusions: Transverse meshing is a new technique in meshed skin grafting with improved `take` and acceptable cosmesis as compared to unmeshed skin grafts. This technique can obviate the need for two- stage skin grafting for areas where wide meshing is not desirable.
Outcome of Karydakis procedure for pilonidal sinus
Authors: Farooq Ajmal , Gondal Khalid Masood , Malik Asadullah
Published: June 2016

Objective: To analyze the Outcome of karydakis procedure for pilonidal sinus. Design: Prospective interventional study Place and Duration: Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from January 2001 to December 2004. Material and Methods: Patients with chronic pilonidal sinus and Karydakis procedure was adopted. Results: Total No of 60 patients underwent excision and asymetrical primary closure. Six patients required intravenous analgesia minor wound infection was present in twelve patients (20%). Forty eight (80%) patients were able to resume normal household activities with in two weeks while full outdoor activities were possible in two to three weeks in nearly 100 % of cases conversion to open methods was zero with recurrence rate 5% (3 Cases) patients acceptability was 90% (54 Cases)
Fetal and maternal out come in Eclampsia
Authors: Zia Razia Ashraf , Bashir Aliya , Gul Asma , Tajammal Arif
Published: June 2016

Objective: To Study the fetal and maternal complication of patient developed eclampsia. Design: Prospective study. Place and duration of study: Department of Obs. & Gynae Lahore General Hospital Lahore. Patient and methods: This Study way conducted from Aug 04 to Aug 05. All the patients presenting with eclampsia to the labor ward were included in study. Results: A total of 3850admission were made in labour word. During Period and out of them 58 Cases were of eclampsia out of them 20 were Primigravida 22 multi gravida and 16 grand multi gravida. Out 58 patients 31 patient developed the complication of eclampsia, 15, IUGR., 6 abruptio Placenta, 4 PPH, 4 Pulmonary edema and 2 Cerebral in Farcts. Among the new born prematurity was found to be major cause of Perinatal mortality. Conclusion:- Eclampsia is a dreadful complication of Preeclampsia associated with high perinatal and maternal mortality. An improvement in pre-natal consultation should make it possible to reduce its incidence.
An audit of vascular surgery experience at North Surgical Unit, Mayo Hospital Lahore
Authors: Irshad Khalid , Salahuddin Omar , Rashid Intesarur , S Raza , Chaudhry Abdul Majeed
Published: June 2016

The prevalence of Peripheral vascular disease, Carotid artery stenosis and Aortic aneurysm in our society is higher than generally accepted because of higher incidence of established modifiable risk factors like Smoking, Diabetes, Hypertension and Hyperlipidaemia. We present a review of 246 patients with prospective collection of data who were referred for opinion to North Surgical Ward Mayo Hospital Lahore from March 2005 to February 2006. Surgical treatment was possible in 165 patients. Amongst remaining 81 patients 38 presented late and had amputations either in referring unit or with us and 43 were managed conservatively or under follow up. 24 prosthetic grafts were used, 8 in Aortic aneurysms, 4 in carotid endarterectomies and 11 in iliofemoral reconstructions with no peri-operative mortality or stroke. We had 2 grafts occlusion and amputations in critically ischaemic patients who had single vessel run off. Non invasive investigations were the first choice in Carotid and peripheral vascular disease. Conclusion: Our experience shows higher incidence of late presentation and under treatment of these high risk patients which need patient awareness and life style modification at community level. We advocate multidisciplinary approach and establishment of fully supported dedicated peripheral vascular and endovascular services at tertiary care level.
Incidence of salivary gland tumors: A morphological study at Pathology Department of King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Din Ihteshamud , Bukhari Mulazim Hussain , Hamid Tahira , Zaman Samina , G R Qureshi , I A Naveed
Published: June 2016

This study was conducted to see the incidence of the lesions of Salivary Gland. All the cases of salivary tissues submitted to the Pathology Department of King Edward Medical University were taken at the end of year (Jan 2005-Dec2005) and reanalyzed. There were 42 cases of salivary glands, out of which 19(45%) were males and 23(55%) were females. Age range was 12-72 years. Major number of cases (17) were from parotid, whereas 15 were from submandibular, 04 and 06 were from sublingual and minor salivary glands like palate respectively. There were 25(59.52%) pleomorphic adenoma, 01(2.3%), 01(2.3%), 04(9.5%), 07(16.6%) were monomorphic adenoma, lymphoepithelioma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma respectively. Only 04(9.5%) cases showed chronic sialadenitis.