bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuning of resonance energy transfer from 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole to an ultrasmall silver nanocluster across the lipid bilayer
Authors: Vaishnav Jamuna K. , Mukherjee Tushar Kanti
Published: September 2017

Liposome mediated efficient tuning of FRET between photoexcited 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and an ultrasmall silver nanocluster (Ag NC) has been demonstrated using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.
A study on the electronic and interfacial structures of monolayer ReS2–metal contacts
Authors: Wang Jin , Yang Guofeng , Sun Rui , Yan Pengfei , Lu Yanan , Xue Junjun , Chen Guoqing
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we perform a systematic and rigorous study to evaluate the Ohmic nature of the top-contact formed by the monolayer ReS2(mReS2) and metals (gold, silver, platinum, nickel, titanium, and scandium) by means of first-principles density functional theory calculations.
Conversion of HMF to methyl cyclopentenolone using Pd/Nb2O5 and Ca–Al catalysts via a two-step procedure
Authors: Duan Ying , Zheng Min , Li Dongmi , Deng Dongsheng , Ma Lu-Fang , Yang Yanliang
Published: September 2017

An isolated yield of MCP of 58% was obtained from HMF on Pd/Nb2O5, which was prepared using cyclohexene as a reductant, and Ca–Al.
Dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) as a valuable oxidant for the synthesis of polyfunctional aromatic imidazolium monomers bearing epoxides
Authors: Chardin C. , Rouden J. , Livi S. , Baudoux J.
Published: September 2017

In this work, we describe the reactivity of various oxidizing agents to develop a strong, clean and powerful methodology in order to generate epoxidized salts. These new polyfunctional imidazolium monomers incorporating aromatic rings and terminal epoxides have high purity and excellent thermal stability by DSC and TGA analyses.
A novel magnetic composite adsorbent of phenolic compounds based on waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) and carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Strachowski P. , Kaszuwara W. , Bystrzejewski M.
Published: September 2017

A novel magnetic carbon composite based on carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles and waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) was synthesized.
Nanoprocess and nanoscale surface functionalization on cathode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Alaboina Pankaj Kumar , Uddin Md-Jamal , Cho Sung-Jin
Published: September 2017

Nanotechnology-driven development of cathode materials is an essential part to revolutionize the evolution of the next generation lithium ion batteries.
Exploring the tunable excitation of QDs to maximize the overlap with the absorber for inner filter effect-based phosphorescence sensing of alkaline phosphatase
Authors: Zhang Jinyi , Lu Xiaomei , Lei Yu , Hou Xiandeng , Wu Peng
Published: September 2017

The tunable excitation of quantum dots was explored to screen the best inner filter effect pair for alkaline phosphatase sensing, yielding the best sensitivity with phosphorescent Mn-doped ZnS QDs.
Intrinsic multiferroics in an individual single-crystalline Bi5Fe0.9Co0.1Ti3O15 nanoplate
Authors: Chen Tong , Meng Dechao , Li Zhiang , Chen Jifang , Lei Zhiwei , Ge Wen , Sun Shujie , Sun Dejuan , Liu Min , Lu Yalin
Published: September 2017

Multiferroics Bi5Fe0.9Co0.1Ti3O15 single-crystalline nanoplates were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The intrinsic multiferroic property was verified by electron holography and piezoresponse force microscopy in a single nanoplate.
Highly stable CsPbBr3 quantum dots coated with alkyl phosphate for white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xuan Tongtong , Yang Xianfeng , Lou Sunqi , Huang Junjian , Liu Yong , Yu Jinbo , Li Huili , Wong Ka-Leung , Wang Chengxin , Wang Jing
Published: September 2017

A simple strategy to synthesize TDPA coated CsPbBr3 QDs with improved stability and high PLQY.
Engineered biomimetic nanovesicles show intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Corbo Claudia , Cromer Walter E. , Molinaro Roberto , Toledano Furman Naama E. , Hartman Kelly A. , De Rosa Enrica , Boada Christian , Wang Xin , Zawieja David C. , Agostini Marco , Salvatore Francesco , Abraham Bincy P. , Tasciotti Ennio
Published: September 2017

We debut for the first time specialized leukosomes (SLKs) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
An engineering approach to synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by controlling hydrodynamics and mixing based on a coaxial flow reactor
Authors: Baber Razwan , Mazzei Luca , Thanh Nguyen Thi Kim , Gavriilidis Asterios
Published: September 2017

In this work we present a detailed study of flow technology approaches that could open up new possibilities for nanoparticle synthesis.
Silica nanowire assemblies as three-dimensional, optically transparent platforms for constructing highly active SERS substrates
Authors: Liu Yinghua , Deng Chao , Yi Deliang , Wang Xingdong , Tang Yi , Wang Yajun
Published: September 2017

Three-dimensional SERS substrates are prepared via assembly of silica nanowires into a macroporous network for supporting plasmonic metal NP deposition.
A novel environment-friendly hybrid material based on a modified silica gel with a bispyrazole derivative for the removal of ZnII, PbII, CdIIand CuIItraces from aqueous solutions
Authors: Radi Smaail , El Massaoudi Mohamed , Bacquet Maryse , Degoutin Stéphanie , Adarsh N. N. , Robeyns Koen , Garcia Yann
Published: September 2017

New surface-functionalized with bispyrazole receptor was designed for efficient removal of heavy metals. The architecture of host–guest on the surface was identified.
Ultra-fast Suzuki and Heck reactions for the synthesis of styrenes and stilbenes using arenediazonium salts as super-electrophiles
Authors: Trusova Marina E. , Rodriguez-Zubiri Mireia , Kutonova Ksenia V. , Jung Nicole , Bräse Stefan , Felpin François-Xavier , Postnikov Pavel S.
Published: September 2017

The reliable and convenient procedure for the ultrafast conversion of potassium vinyltrifluoroborate to stilbenes and styrenes with impressive TOFs is proposed.
Ti(Phen)(OC2H5)2Cl2: a highly efficient pre-catalyst for selective oxidation of organic sulfides to sulfoxides by hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Wu Rong-Hui , Wu Jing , Yu Ming-Xin , Zhu Long-Guan
Published: September 2017

A structurally characterized titanium complex [Ti(Phen)(OC2H5)2Cl2] (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is reported as a homogeneous pre-catalyst for the selective oxidation of organic sulfides to sulfoxides with a stoichiometric amount H2O2 in CH3OH at room temperature.
Conformational discrimination of three human centrins
Authors: Zhao Yaqin , Cui Xiaofang , Yang Binsheng
Published: September 2017

Centrin belongs to the calcium-binding super-family, and is essential for the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC).
Synthesis and characterization of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) extract and its major components-based nanoflowers: a new strategy to enhance antimicrobial activity
Authors: Baldemir Ayşe , Köse N. Buse , Ildız Nilay , İlgün Selen , Yusufbeyoğlu Sadi , Yilmaz Vedat , Ocsoy Ismail
Published: September 2017

In this study, for the first time, a novel organic–inorganic nanobio-antimicrobial agent called “nanoflowers” (Nfs) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze extracts and its main components were produced and the increase in the antimicrobial activity of Nfs was elucidated.
Insulator-to-metal transition of lithium–sulfur battery
Authors: Pan Yong , Guan Weiming , Mao Pengyu
Published: September 2017

Li2S is a promising battery material due to the high theoretical capacity and high energy density.
Ultra-high electrical conductivity and superior bendability simultaneously enabled in Ag nanowire based nanocomposites
Authors: He Minhong , Gao Xinfang , Liu Bin , Zhou Jun , Liang Ziqi
Published: September 2017

High-performance flexible nanocomposite conductors are solution prepared by embedding Ag NWs uniformly within PVDF matrix, which exhibits the highest electrical conductivity of 1.77 × 104 S cm−1 and remains little changed after 1000 bending events.
Performance and coke species of HZSM-5 in the isomerization of styrene oxide to phenylacetaldehyde
Authors: Gou Ming-Lei , Cai Junqing , Song Wensheng , Liu Zhen , Ren Yun-Lai , Niu Qingshan
Published: September 2017

Performance and coke species of HZSM-5 in the isomerization of styrene oxide to phenylacetaldehyde under gas-phase free of solvents.
Determination of protonation states of iminosugar–enzyme complexes using photoinduced electron transfer
Authors: Wang Bo , Olsen Jacob Ingemar , Laursen Bo W. , Navarro Poulsen Jens Christian , Bols Mikael
Published: September 2017

N-alkylated analogues of 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibit β-glucosidase from white rot fungus. The amino group in the β-glucosidase–iminosugar complex is unprotonated when bound, while an active site carboxylate is protonated.
Polyphilic hydrogen bonded block molecules involving semiperfluorinated and silylated molecular fragments
Authors: Vogel Laura , Janietz Dietmar , Prehm Marko , Tschierske Carsten
Published: September 2017

Nanoscale segregation and tailoring the space requirement of incompatible molecular blocks determine the columnar mesophase morphology of hydrogen-bonded tetraphilic heterodimers comprising distinct polar, lipophilic, fluorinated and silylated fragments.
Monolithic MAPbI3 films for high-efficiency solar cells via coordination and a heat assisted process
Authors: Li Mengjie , Li Bo , Cao Guozhong , Tian Jianjun
Published: September 2017

A compact monolithic CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) film with micrometer-scale grains was prepared by CH3NH3Cl (MACl) coordination and a heat assisted process (HAP) towards high-efficiency solar cells.
Thermostable birefringent copolyimide films based on azobenzene-containing pyrimidine diamines
Authors: Tong Faqin , Chen Zhao , Lu Xuemin , Lu Qinghua
Published: September 2017

This work shows the key role played by the chemical structure of polyimides in the thermal stability of birefringence.
Reversibly thermochromic bismuth-organic materials with tunable optical gaps
Authors: Zhang Guoxian , Chan Julian M. W.
Published: September 2017

Reversible thermochromism in color tunable bismuth-organic hybrid materials.
Design, preparation, and optimized luminescence of a dodec-fluoride phosphor Li3Na3Al2F12:Mn4+for warm WLED applications
Authors: Zhu Mengmeng , Pan Yuexiao , Xi Luqing , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun
Published: September 2017

Mn4+-activated red phosphors have attracted considerable attention as promising red components in the spectra of white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) to achieve warm white light with superior performance.
Early afterdepolarisation tendency as a simulated pro-arrhythmic risk indicator
Authors: McMillan Beth , Gavaghan David J. , Mirams Gary R.
Published: September 2017

A method of predicting drug-induced Torsade de Pointes risk based on the occurrence of simulated early after depolarisations.
Partial operating current characteristics to discriminate internal and external faults of differential protection zones during CT saturation
Authors: Hossain Monir , Leevongwat Ittiphong , Rastgoufard Parviz
Published: September 2017

To protect transformers, transmission lines and busbar systems, low impedance current differential protection schemes based on percentage restraint characteristics are widely used in power systems. The main application issue of these schemes is mis‐operation due to current transformer (CT) saturation during close‐in external faults. A comprehensive fault discrimination algorithm is highly required for current differential protection schemes to overcome the CT saturation issue. The purpose of this study is to introduce a methodology based on partial operating current (POC) characteristics which discriminate internal and external faults of differential protection zones. The study includes the mathematical model of POC characteristics, a fault discriminating algorithm using POC features, and bus differential protection zone results. The results documented encompasses various possible short‐circuit (fault) scenarios and indicate the capability of the proposed algorithm in discriminating internal and external faults under CT saturation conditions.
UHF partial discharge localisation method in substation based on dimension‐reduced RSSI fingerprint
Authors: Li Zhen , Luo Lingen , Sheng Gehao , Liu Yadong , Jiang Xiuchen
Published: September 2017

Ultra‐high frequency (UHF) technique is chosen for partial discharge (PD) detection due to its excellent anti‐interference and stability. The existing UHF PD localisation methods are mainly based on time‐difference technique, that suffer high hardware cost due to the high sampling rate requirement. The wireless UHF sensors together with the scene analysis methods, i.e. received signal strength indicator (RSSI) fingerprint, provide us a low hardware cost and high environmental adaptability solution for PD localisation in substation. The proposed PD localisation method here is divided into two stages. In the offline stage, the RSSI fingerprint map is established by site survey. In the online stage, the position of PD source is estimated by a probabilistic approach. To reduce the influence of noise, the RSSI fingerprints are transformed to a low‐dimensional subspace, while the most of redundant noise is discarded. Furthermore, the PD heterogeneity and interference in the offline stage are also discussed and solved by normalisation and clustering algorithm, respectively. A filed test is performed and the results indicate that the mean localisation error is 1.87 m and 82.6% localisation errors are <3 m. The workload in the offline stage is also reduced ∼50%.
Additive manufacturing of low cost and efficient proof of concepts for microwave passive components
Authors: Laplanche Etienne , Feuray William , Sence Johann , Perigaud Aurélien , Tantot Olivier , Delhote Nicolas , Menudier Cyrille , Arnaud Eric , Thevenot Marc , Monédière Thierry , Passerieux Damien , Verdeyme Serge , Bila Stéphane , Baillargeat Dominique , Carpentier Ludovic
Published: September 2017

A study on the passive microwave components made by polymer additive manufacturing (polymer jetting) is presented. Different types of components (waveguides, couplers, power dividers, filters and antennas) are designed to be made in a single part. Using a simple and cost‐effective metallisation by applying silver paint, various prototypes with complex geometries have been manufactured to evaluate these proofs of concept and the robustness of the low‐cost approach to make microwave components. Different measurements show that the obtained filters can provide an acceptable unloaded Q factor of 400–500 for the operating frequencies of 12–22 GHz. Waveguiding structures such as a mode converter, which is used as a broadband antenna, have also notably efficiently worked up to the Ka band (36 GHz). Due to a remarkable accuracy of nearly 80 µm, the obtained results of the proposed coupler, power divider and antennas are consistent with the full wave simulations, which prove that the currently available three‐dimensional plastic printers can provide notably accurate prototypes to design original components.
DC‐link current analysis of three‐phase 2L‐VSI considering AC current ripple
Authors: Li Qiao , Jiang Dong
Published: September 2017

DC‐link current is an important parameter for selection and design of DC‐link capacitor or battery. Considering the AC current ripple, this study introduced a general DC‐link current real‐time prediction method for three‐phase two‐level voltage inverters (three‐phase 2L‐VSI) using the pulse width modulation. Compared with the traditional analysis which just takes AC average current into consideration, the time‐domain comparison and spectral analysis of DC‐link current have been studied. Meanwhile, accurate calculation of RMS current on the DC‐link capacitor has been provided. Simulation results and experimental results are provided to support the analysis and proposed method.
High‐efficiency neutral‐point‐clamped transformerless MOSFET inverter for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Syed Ahmad , Sandipamu Tara Kalyani , Suan Freddy Tan Kheng
Published: September 2017

Here, a highly efficient MOSFET neutral‐point‐clamped (M‐NPC) transformerless inverter is proposed for photovoltaic (PV) applications. By employing super‐junction metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (SJ‐MOSFET) as well as silicon carbide (SiC) diodes, high efficiency is achieved. Furthermore, the common‐mode voltage (CMV) is completely clamped at half of the input voltage with clamping branch. Therefore, leakage current is eliminated. The performances of different topologies, in terms of CMV, leakage current, total harmonic distortion (THD), losses, and efficiency, are compared with the proposed M‐NPC topology. The analyses are carried out theoretically via MATLAB/Simulink, and further validated with experimental tests. The experimental results show maximum efficiency of 98.5% and European efficiency of 97.65%.
Synthesis of Indoline-2,3-diones by Radical Coupling of Indolin-2-ones with tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide
Authors: Ying Wei-Wei , Zhu Wen-Ming , Liang Hongze , Wei Wen-Ting
Published: September 2017

A novel strategy has been developed for the synthesis of indoline-2,3-diones through a metal-free radical-coupling reaction. Alkyl radicals derived from indolin-2-ones through a radical-transfer reaction combine with the tert-butylhydroperoxy radical readily generated from commercially available tert-butyl hydroperoxide to afford 3-(tert-­butylperoxy)indolin-2-one intermediates that can be further transformed into indoline-2,3-diones under air. This strategy provides a ­simple and eﬃcient route to the construction of a C=O bond without the use of any metal catalyst or base.
Sixfold Peripheral Halogenation of Tribenzotriquinacenes: An Alternative Access to Useful TBTQ Building Blocks
Authors: Kuck Dietmar , Linke Jens , Bader Natalia , Tellenbröker Jörg
Published: September 2017

Sixfold electrophilic bromination and iodination of the molecular periphery of the bridgehead-tetramethylated tribenzotriquinac­ene (TBTQ) with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), respectively, under various conditions was studied to develop an alternative preparative approach to the classical Lewis acid catalyzed bromination. Running these reactions in trifluoroacetic acid either in pure form or with chloroform as a co-solvent at elevated temperatures, or under sonication or microwave irradiation was found to give increasingly fast and efficient conversion of TBTQ to the target hexahalogenated TBTQ derivatives in excellent yields. NIS was found to be markedly more reactive than NBS, whereas N-chlorosuccimide reacted hardly. The new method was applied to the sixfold functionalization of the 4b,8b,12b-tripropyl-12d-methyl-TBTQ analogue to give the corresponding hexabromo and hexaiodo derivatives. Some sixfold C–C cross-coupling reactions of hexahalo derivatives of TBTQ were carried out in excellent yields to enlarge the three spatially orthogonal indane wings of the TBTQ core.
Recent Synthetic Applications of Catalyst-Free Photochemistry
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Li Chao-Jun
Published: September 2017

Catalyst-free photochemistry provides numerous opportunities toward sustainable synthesis because catalyst separation can usually be avoided, which is consistent with green chemistry principles. Complementary to the well-reviewed photoredox chemistry, this review specifically summarizes the synthetic applications of photochemistry without external catalysts reported since 2000. The selected examples include both natural product synthesis and new methodology development. This review is arranged based on the type of chromophore. It is our hope that this review will inspire more synthetic chemists to embrace photochemistry into their research plans.

1 Introduction

2 Photochemistry of Olefins

2.1 [2+2] Cycloaddition of Enones and Olefins

2.2 Cycloaddition of Olefins without Carbonyl Groups

2.3 Z/E Isomerization

2.4 Cyclization

2.5 Others

3 Photochemistry of C=O

3.1 The Paternò–Büchi Reaction

3.2 The Yang Photoenolization

3.3 The Norrish Type I Reaction

3.4 The Norrish Type II Reaction

3.5 Others

4 Photochemistry of Nitrogen-Containing Functional Groups

5 Photochemistry of Halogen-Containing Compounds

6 Conclusion and Outlook
Image of the Month: Clinical Features in a Newborn with Covered Cloacal Exstrophy
Authors: Vilanova-Sánchez Alejandra , Ching Christina , Gasior Alessandra , Diefenbach Karen , Wood Richard , Levitt Marc
Published: September 2017

Cloacal exstrophy is the most severe type of anorectal malformations that belongs to the bladder–exstrophy–epispadias complex of genitourinary malformations. Interestingly, its variant, the covered cloacal exstrophy, is often missed. The clinical findings of this variant may include an imperforate anus, low lying umbilicus, thick pubic bone, and pubic diastasis but with an intact abdominal wall. We present an interesting case of covered cloacal exstrophy with a side-by-side duplicated bladder and discuss important considerations for the time of colostomy creation in the newborn period.
Complications, Implications, and Prevention of Electrosurgical Injuries: Corner Stone of Diathermy Use for Junior Surgical Trainees
Authors: Siddaiah-Subramanya Manjunath , Tiang Kor Woi , Nyandowe Masimba
Published: September 2017

Diathermy is commonly used in modern-day surgery. The incidence of electrosurgical injuries related to diathermy is under reported, as it is difficult to ascertain the true impact on both patient and healthcare professionals. As junior surgical trainees, understanding of the mechanism and biophysics of the electrosurgical tools enables safer usage and contributes to improved outcome. Careful use of electrosurgical tools during operation and appropriate communication amongst staff members are pivotal to a safe surgical outcome. Here, we discuss the causes and risk factors regarding electrosurgical complications along with suggestions to ensure safe practice, focusing on commonly neglected areas.
A Comparative Analysis of Endoscopic-Assisted Transoral and Transnasal Approaches to Parapharyngeal Space: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Sun Xicai , Yan Bo , Truong Huy , Borghei-Razavi Hamid , Snyderman Carl , Fernandez-Miranda Juan
Published: September 2017

Background Surgical resection of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors is very challenging. An endoscopic-assisted surgical approach to this region requires detailed and precise anatomic knowledge. The main purpose of this study is to describe and compare the detailed anatomy of the PPS via transnasal transpterygoid (TP) and endoscopic-assisted transoral (TO) approaches.

Materials and Methods Six fresh injected cadaver heads (12 sides) were prepared for dissection of the PPS via TP and TO approaches. Computed tomography (CT) with image-based navigation (Navigation System II; Stryker, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States) was used to identify bony structures around the PPS.

Results TP and TO approaches could both expose the detailed anatomical structures in the PPS. The TP approach can provide a direct route to the upper PPS, but it is limited inferiorly by the hard palate and laterally by the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. However, the TO approach can provide a direct route to the lower PPS, but it is difficult to expose the area around the Eustachian tube. The styloglossus and stylopharyngeus muscles could be considered as the safe anterior boundary of the parapharyngeal internal carotid artery (ICA) with the TO approach. Dissection between the stylopharyngeus muscle and the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle provides direct access to the parapharyngeal ICA.

Conclusion The TP and TO approaches provide new strategies to manage lesions in the PPS. The important neurovascular structures of the PPS could be identified with these approaches. The endoscopic-assisted TO approach can provide direct access to the parapharyngeal ICA.
Wheeze after Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children
Authors: Simonsen Jacob , Breindahl Morten , Winding Louise , Kofoed Poul-Erik , Stensballe Lone
Published: September 2017

Introduction Prior studies found associations between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, wheezing, and asthma. The present study aimed to examine the risk of wheezing after RSV, by the history of wheezing.

Methods We included 39 children hospitalized for RSV infection (cases) and 23 children hospitalized for nonrespiratory tract infection reasons (controls) and followed the children prospectively with regular standardized telephone interviews until 18 months, and again 5 years after inclusion. The risk of wheeze was estimated by odds ratios (OR), comparing children hospitalized for RSV with children hospitalized for other reasons and stratified by wheezing history.

Results Eighteen months after hospitalization for RSV, the adjusted OR of wheezing was 3.16 (95% confidence interval: 0.75–13.3). The effect of hospitalization for RSV on the risk of wheeze was significantly present among children who did not wheeze already before inclusion (adjusted OR: 11.83; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–124.9), while the adjusted OR of wheeze was 0.95 (95% confidence interval: 0.10–9.00) among children who wheezed already before inclusion. The adjusted OR of wheeze after hospitalization for RSV among children who did not wheeze before inclusion was 8.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.79–91.6) 5 years after inclusion.

Conclusion We conclude that the effect of severe RSV infection requiring hospitalization differs according to the history of wheezing, and wanes with time. We recommend that future studies on severe RSV infection and the risk of subsequent wheeze and asthma include information on prior wheeze and asthma.
Standardizing the Response to Category II Tracings during Induction with Oxytocin: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Savitsky Leah , Zwerling Blake , Williams Justin , Cahill Alison , Caughey Aaron , Chatroux Louisa
Published: September 2017

Background Oxytocin is one of the most frequently used medications in obstetrics. It is generally considered to be safe and effective for induction and augmentation of labor but has been implicated in uterine hyperstimulation and adverse fetal outcomes. The management of labor with oxytocin in response to changes in fetal status remains an area of debate.

Objective This study sought to assess the cost-effectiveness of reducing or ceasing oxytocin administration in response to Category II fetal heart rate tracings.

Study Design A decision-analytic model was built using TreeAge 2016 software (TreeAge Software Inc.) with probabilities, costs, and utilities derived from the literature. Primary outcomes included cerebral palsy (CP), neonatal mortality, and mode of delivery. Secondary outcomes included cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY; cost-effectiveness threshold set at $100,000/QALY), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and low 5-minute Apgar score (<7). Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the robustness of our baseline assumptions.

Results In a theoretical cohort of 900,000 women (estimated number of women undergoing induction at term in the United States), decreasing or stopping oxytocin in response to Category II tracings prevented 12,510 NICU admissions, 4,410 low Apgar scores, 204 neonatal deaths, and 126 cases of CP. However, there were 81,900 more cesarean deliveries. The strategy cost $356 million more, but was cost-effective with an ICER of $9,881.5 per QALY. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the intervention would be cost-effective up to a cesarean rate of 54%.

Conclusion Decreasing or stopping oxytocin in response to Category II fetal heart rate tracings is cost-effective. This intervention increases the rate of cesarean deliveries but reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality. Further work on this guideline should be performed to ascertain how the approach using different aspects of the Category II tracing to guide care might lead to similar improved outcomes without increasing the cesarean delivery rate.
Association between Umbilical Catheters and Neonatal Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Elboraee Mohamed , Toye Jennifer , Ye Xiang , Shah Prakesh , Aziz Khalid ,   on behalf of the Canadian Neonatal Network Investigators
Published: September 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to examine the association between umbilical catheters and a composite outcome of mortality or major neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants.

Study Design Data were abstracted from the Canadian Neonatal Network database for infants born at <29 weeks' gestational age and admitted to 29 neonatal intensive care units between January 2010 and December 2012. Four groups were identified: those with no umbilical catheters, umbilical venous catheters (UVCs), umbilical artery catheters (UACs), and those with both UVCs and UACs. The outcomes were compared among the groups using univariate and multivariable analyses.

Results Of 4,623 eligible infants, 820 (17.7%) had no catheters, 1,032 (22.3%) a UVC only, 120 (2.6%) a UAC only, and 2,651 (57.3%) had both catheters. After adjustment for acuity and other potential confounders, umbilical catheters were associated with higher odds of mortality or any major morbidity (UVC vs. no catheter: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.18–1.85; UAC vs. no catheter: aOR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.05–2.63; and both UVC + UAC vs. no catheter: aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.79–2.70).

Conclusion Most of the infants born at <29 weeks' gestation had UVC and/or UAC placement. The presence of either catheter was associated with mortality or major morbidity, and the association was stronger when both catheters were present.
Lesiones por inyección de alta presión
Authors: Burke F. D. , Prat J. M.
Published: September 2017

En este artículo presentamos una visión histórica, fisiopatologica y terapéutica de las lesiones por inyección de alta presión a nivel de la mano.

Son lesiones que muy a menudo son tratadas de forma poco agresiva y radical debido en parte a un desconocimiento de la severidad que conllevan. Pretendemos con este articulo describir tanto el diagnostico, tratamiento y pronostico a partir tanto de la bibliografía existente como de nuestra propia experiencia en este campo. El diagnóstico precoz y el desbridamiento urgente son claves para reducir la tasa de amputación.
Resultados del tratamiento ortopédico del dedo en martillo por ruptura subcutánea del tendón extensor. Serie de 170 casos
Authors: Muratore C. , Medina J. , Navarro R. , Fouche G.
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar que los pacientes con dedo en martillo por arrancamiento del tendón extensor o ruptura subcutánea, pueden beneficiarse del tratamiento ortopédico, reservando el tratamiento quirúrgico para casos con mala evolución.

Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de un grupo 170 de pacientes que presentaban una deformación digital en martillo por ruptura subcutánea o arrancamiento del tendón extensor. Todos los casos fueron tratados ortopédicamente, ya sea en consulta precoz y hasta en casos con un retraso máximo de 8 semanas. El tratamiento utilizado fue una férula dorsal en forma de rejilla, moldeada a medida, inmovilizando sólo la articulación interfalángica distal en extensión por un período de tiempo medio de 54 días.

Resultados: Con un seguimiento medio de 5 meses, el déficit de extensión fue de 7° y la flexión alcanzó los 61°. Setenta y ocho pacientes de este grupo fueron evaluados después de un plazo medio de 5 años, obteniendo similares resultados, con un déficit de extensión medio de 5° y una movilidad en flexión media de 61°.

Conclusiones: La férula es pues el tratamiento de elección incluso en caso de consulta diferida; la cirugía sólo la utilizamos para casos de fracaso del tratamiento ortopédico y en pacientes exigentes ya sea por razones profesionales o de ocio.
Osteosíntesis percutánea de las fracturas de escafoides
Authors: Cerveró R. , Vicente M. , de Lucas F.
Published: September 2017

Objetivos: Valoración del resultado de la osteosíntesis percutánea del escafoides y evaluación de la reincorporación precoz de los pacientes a su actividad habitual.

Material y métodos: Osteosínteis percutánea con tornillo canulado tanto por vía palmar como dorsal en 51 casos, describiendo ambas técnicas quirúrgicas.

Resultados: Se consiguió la consolidación de la fractura en todos los pacientes en un tiempo medio de 33 días desde la intervención, empezando a utilizar la mano durante la primera o segunda semana tras la cirugía y permitiéndose la actividad sin restricciones a partir de los 35 días. La movilidad media de la muñeca fue de una flexión entre 50 y 70º y la extensión conseguida fue de entre 65 y 80º, con una buena fuerza de prensión al cabo de 8 semanas. El grado de satisfacción de los pacientes fue considerado como muy bueno en el 100% de los casos. No hubo complicaciones de importancia. El gasto del tratamiento se redujo aproximadamente en torno al 50% respecto del tratamiento conservador.

Conclusiones: La osteosíntesis percutánea del escafoides es una técnica sencilla, rápida y con escasa morbilidad que permite una rápida reincorporación del paciente a su vida habitual con las mínimas molestias.
Variaciones anatómicas de la muñeca y mano en imágenes
Authors: Ballesteros J. R. , Carrera A. , Méndez A. , Forcada P. , Morro M. R. , Llusá M.
Published: September 2017

Dada la complejidad de la cirugía en la mano y la frecuente aparición de variaciones anatómicas en este territorio, que se apartan de las descripciones de los clásicos atlas o libros de texto, pretendemos mostrar en imágenes y describir distintas variaciones anatómicas de la muñeca y mano en disecciones realizadas y fotografiadas durante los últimos 10 años en la sala de disección del Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana (Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona) en 100 especímenes. Las variaciones se han clasificado según su componente anatómico: arterias, nervios, tendones y músculos. Se ha realizado una descripción breve de la variación. La intención es llamar la atención sobre la posibilidad de la existencia de variaciones anatómicas a nivel de los diferentes componentes de la mano, para así evitar posibles lesiones durante los abordajes de la muñeca y de la mano.
Atrofia ténar em sindromas de túnel cárpico graves – 21 casos operados
Authors: Botelheiro J. C. , Silvério S. , Viana G.
Published: September 2017

Introducción: La atrofia tenar en los casos graves de síndrome de túnel carpiano puede causar una pérdida de la oposición o, en casos raros, una inestabilidad radial metacarpo-falángica del pulgar. Los resultados de plastias de oposición y de ligamentoplastias metacarpo-falángica, hechas en el mismo tiempo que la liberación del túnel carpiano, fueron estudiados en 21 pacientes operados.

Material y Método: 21 pacientes fueron operados – 18 plastias de oposición (13 Camitz, 2 Ney y 3 Matev), 2 ligamentoplastias y 1 artrodesis metacarpo-falángica.

Resultados: Las plastias de oposición han dado una oposición activa al tercer dedo en 6 casos, al anular en 6 y al meñique en otros 6. Las ligamentoplastias y la artrodesis metacarpo-falángicas mejoraron mucho la función del pulgar en los casos de inestabilidad.

Conclusión: Las plastias de oposición y las ligamentoplastias metacarpo-falángicas hechas en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico que la liberación del túnel carpiano mejoraron mucho la pérdida de oposición o la rara inestabilidad radial metacarpo-falángica de algunos casos graves de síndrome de túnel carpiano.
Acceso lateroungueal en los tumores glómicos periungueales. Revisión de 75 casos
Authors: Marcos A. , Medina J. , Muratore G. , Martín F. , Reboso L. , Foucher G.
Published: September 2017

Introducción: Los tumores glómicos son tumores benignos, poco frecuentes, localizados preferentemente en la mano, que presentan una clínica muy característica y cuyo tratamiento es quirúrgico.

Material y métodos: Se han revisado retrospectivamente 75 tumores glómicos periungueales, diagnosticados clínicamente y confirmados por estudio anatomopatológico que fueron extirpados quirúrgicamente por vía lateroungueal.

Resultados: El empleo de la vía lateroungueal para la exéresis de los tumores glómicos periungueales fue efectiva en todos los casos, sin originar distrofias ungueales y con un porcentaje de recidivas bajo (11,9%).

Discusión: El diagnóstico de los tumores glómicos es fundamentalmente clínico, aunque se apoya en las pruebas de imagen (radiografía, ecografía y resonancia magnética). Su tratamiento es quirúrgico, existiendo múltiples vías de abordaje. Existe un riesgo de recidiva, que debe ser conocido por el paciente previamente a la cirugía.

Conclusiones: El acceso lateroungueal en los tumores glómicos es un método seguro, que permite su exéresis completa.
Síndrome de Wartenberg por variante anatómica del brachioradialis. Caso clínico
Authors: Martos M. , Celada A. , Sáez De Ugarte Sobrón O. , Llano I. , Vidaurrázaga L.
Published: September 2017

Presentamos el caso de un síndrome de Wartenberg producido por una compresión a doble nivel de la rama sensitiva del nervio radial. Corresponde a un varón de 48 años, que consultó por una tumoración de crecimiento progresivo en la zona dorsorradial de la muñeca, y presentaba clínica de parestesias en el territorio sensitivo del nervio radial. Se procedió a la extirpación quirúrgica de la tumoración que rodeaba la rama sensitiva del nervio, y en la revisión de éste, se comprobó como variante anatómica, una inserción doble del brachioradialis que comprimía el nervio, por lo que se liberó también a este nivel. La clínica neurológica mejoró tras la cirugía. Ante la presencia de un síndrome de Wartenberg debemos revisar todo el recorrido de la rama sensitiva del nervio radial para descartar alteraciones anatómicas del brachioradialis.
Tendinopatía de De Quervain (2). Resultado del tratamiento quirúrgico con reconstrucción del retináculo del primer compartimento extensor
Authors: Barreiro G. , Obregón F. , Río A. , Vázquez J. M.
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la tendinopatía de De Quervain con dos técnicas diferentes: la habitual, de apertura retinacular simple del primer compartimento extensor (grupo A: 27 casos en 26 pacientes. 1 caso bilateral) y una técnica reconstructora de la polea (grupo B: 48 pacientes).

Material y método: Se estudiaron 253 muñecas diagnosticadas consecutivamente de Tendinopatía de De Quervain en 252 pacientes (1 caso bilateral). De ellas, 75 (30%) fueron tratados quirúrgicamente. En 27 casos se procedió a la apertura simple del primer compartimento (Grupo A), mientras que en los 48 casos restantes se les practicó la reconstrucción del mismo (Grupo B).

En 7 pacientes del grupo A la Tendinopatía de De Quervain se asociaba a Síndrome de Intersección (26%). En el grupo B esta asociación se dio en 11 casos (23%). En todos ellos, el Síndrome de Intersección fue intervenido en el mismo acto quirúrgico.

Resultados: Todos los pacientes curaron con el tratamiento quirúrgico, excepto una paciente (con mucha probabilidad, una simuladora rentista). El período de baja laboral fue de 88,1 días en el grupo A, y de 53 días en el grupo B. Las complicaciones encontradas en el grupo A fueron 2 casos de luxación del abductor pollicis longus y una sección del abductor pollicis brevis; la persistencia de dolor a la palpación y prueba de Finkelstein positiva fueron mayores de 2,5 meses en 9 casos. En el grupo B hubo dos lesiones nerviosas iatrogénicas, ningún caso de luxación y la prueba de Finkelstein se negativizó siempre antes de los 2 meses.

Conclusiones: La apertura longitudinal simple del primer compartimento extensor del radio puede provocar la luxación del abductor pollicis longus fuera de su lecho óseo en los movimientos de flexión de la muñeca combinada con abducción del pulgar. La técnica reconstructora de la polea evita esta complicación.

La sintomatología tras la intervención quirúrgica desaparece antes con la técnica reconstructora, y es más precoz la reincorporación laboral.

Es frecuente la asociación de tendinopatía de De Quervain con otros procesos de etiología ocupacional. En esta serie se operaron 29 procesos asociados en 28 pacientes (37% del total). La más común es con el Síndrome de Intersección, que se dio en el 24% de los pacientes operados en esta serie.
Luxaciones y fracturas luxaciones perilunares del carpo. Revisión de nuestra casuística
Authors: Gómez R. , Aguilá M. , Moreno I.
Published: September 2017

Introducción: Las fracturas luxaciones perilunares del carpo son lesiones graves y poco frecuentes, producto de mecanismos de alta energía y que suelen asociarse a lesiones en otras localizaciones. Revisamos nuestra casuística de esta lesión valorando los resultados clínicos.

Material y Método: Es una serie de 33 casos identificados al valorar retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de los pacientes atendidos en urgencias entre enero de 1987 a junio de 2007.

Resultados: los 33 casos tuvieron un seguimiento medio de 14 meses. La valoración del resultado clínico se realizó en 21 pacientes, siendo en la mayoría pobre o malo, se encontró diferencia en el resultado clínico según la clasificación de la lesión y el tratamiento realizado.

Conclusiones: Es una lesión grave y poco frecuente que recibe un tratamiento heterogéneo. Probablemente el pronóstico se relacione con el tipo de tratamiento que reciben los pacientes y la clasificación de Conney. Debido a la escasa incidencia de esta patología es necesario protocolizar el tratamiento de los pacientes que presentan estas lesiones para obtener los mejores resultados posibles en cada caso.
Resultados del tratamiento de la artrosis carpo-metacarpiana del pulgar mediante implante Arex comparado con la artroplastia de Zancolli. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Resultados preliminares
Authors: Montes L. , Goyeneche J. , Torre I. , Rosales R.S.
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados del implante Arex comparado con la artroplastia de Zancolli en el tratamiento de la artrosis carpo-metacarpiana del pulgar. Hipótesis nula. El implante Arex es igual de efectivo que la artroplastia de Zancolli en mejorar los resultados a nivel de la discapacidad de miembros superiores.

Material y método: Población estudio. 36 pacientes fueron aleatoriazados a dos tipos de tratamiento: implante Arex (22 pacientes) versus artroplastia de Zancolli (14 pacientes). Diseño Clínico. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado con mediciones antes y después del tratamiento. Instrumentos y Medidas. Como variable resultado principal se uso el cuestionario DASH autoadministrado antes de la cirugía y 6 meses después. Análisis Estadístico. La media del cambio clínico observada fue comparada utilizando un test t-Student para muestras independientes. El efecto del tratamiento fue calculado en base al «tamaño del efecto» y «la media estandarizada de la respuesta».

Resultados: No existían diferencias significativas en la distribución de la edad (Arex 58,04/DS 6,9) (Zancolli 61,4 / DS 7,22) (p = 0,223). La media de la mejoría clínica a nivel de la discapacidad fue de 7,75 (DS 3,07) en el grupo tratado con Arex, y de 7,10 (DS 2,80) en el grupo Zancolli; no existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (t= 0,638, p= 0,528). El efecto del tratamiento fue muy similar (Arex: ES = 0,41; SRM = 2,52) (Zancolli: ES= 0,42; SRM = 2,53).

Conclusión: Ambos tratamientos resultaron igual de efectivos en mejorar la discapacidad de miembros superiores.
Correlación entre el ángulo de inclinación mediocarpiana y la morfología del semilunar
Authors: Racca M. G. , Ardouin L. , García-Elías M.
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: Demostrar si existe correlación entre el ángulo denominado de Inclinación Mediocarpiana y el tipo de semilunar.

Material y Método: Se estudiaron dos poblaciones: La primera fue de 100 pacientes con radiografías en posición póstero-anterior (PA) neutra. La segunda fue de 60 pacientes con radiografías PA en máxima desviación radial y cubital. Para cada una se determinó el tipo de semilunar por dos observadores independientes. Se propone un nuevo parámetro de análisis morfológico del carpo: el Ángulo de Inclinación Mediocarpiana.

Resultados: En la primera población, 40 casos fueron clasificados como semilunar tipo I, 47 casos como tipo II. El promedio del ángulo de inclinación mediocarpiana fue de 56,3° (± 3,8) para el semilunar tipo I y de 67,5° (± 4,2) para el tipo II (p < 0.0001). En la segunda población, 23 casos fueron clasificados como semilunar tipo I, 19 casos como tipo II. El promedio de este ángulo, en las radiografías en máxima desviación radial fue de 59,5° (DS ± 6,4) para el semilunar de tipo I y de 69,4° (± 6) para el tipo II (p< 0,0001). En las radiografías en máxima desviación cubital el promedio fue de 51° (± 7,6) para en semilunar de tipo I y de 58,3° (± 7,4) para el tipo II (p= 0,003).

Conclusiones: Este nuevo ángulo de inclinación mediocarpiana ofrece una herramienta más para determinar radiológicamente el tipo de semilunar, independientemente de la posición de la muñeca en el momento de obtener la radiografía.
Lesión de Nora. Una entidad poco frecuente y de tratamiento discutible
Authors: Utrillas M. A. , Fernández L.
Published: September 2017

La lesión de Nora se incluye en un conjunto de lesiones benignas caracterizadas por una proliferación anómala de tejido óseo y fibroso asociado a una reacción perióstica reactiva. Debido a su aspecto inicial, esta lesión puede ser confundida con una lesión maligna. Es frecuente realizar un diagnóstico incorrecto de esta entidad y, en consecuencia, un tratamiento improcedente. Se presenta el caso de una lesión de Nora que fue inicialmente diagnosticada de miositis osificante.
Encondroma protuberans de falange en niño. A propósito de un caso
Authors: López-Hualda A. , Fahandezh-Díaz H. , Egea-Gámez R. M. , Panizo-Mota F. , Ruiz-Zafra J. E.
Published: September 2017

El encondroma protuberans es una entidad rara, solo se han descrito 14 casos en la bibliografía. Radiológicamente puede presentar dudas diagnósticas con un osteocondroma, condrosarcoma de bajo grado y condroma periostal. Presentamos el caso de un niño de cinco años con un encondroma protuberans en falange proximal que experimentó un crecimiento acelerado durante su seguimiento, además presentaba dos encondromas convencionales en la misma mano. Fue tratado mediante resección marginal, curetaje y relleno con autoinjerto óseo, sin evidencia de recidiva a los 12 meses de seguimiento.
Polidactilia pré-axial. Experiência no Hospital de Santa Maria (Lisboa) nos últimos 10 anos, e 2 casos clínicos pouco frequentes
Authors: De Sá Pires S. A. , Silva L. , Henriques M. , Caneira M.
Published: September 2017

A polidactilia é a malformação congénita mais frequente da mão e membro superior, habitualmente classificada em radial, central e cubital.

Objectivo: Avaliar os resultados estéticos e funcionais após correcção cirúrgica de polidactilia radial no Hospital de Santa Maria em Lisboa nos últimos 10 anos. Apresentam-se ainda dois casos clínicos: uma criança com polidactilia radial tipo VII de Wassel bilateral e uma jovem com polidactilia radial tipo IV de Wassel submetida a intervenção cirúrgica já em idade adulta.

Material e Método: Realizaram-se sete cirurgias, em seis doentes: comprimento e largura do polegar, forma e dimensões da unha e capacidade de pinça pollici-digital foram avaliados, comparando-se com o lado contralateral nos casos unilaterais e com valores padrão no caso de bilateralidade. Foram também submetidos a avaliação o resultado estético e a repercussão emocional da cirurgia.

Conclusão: Nos casos de polidactilia a intervenção cirúrgica é a única forma de se conseguir um polegar único, funcional e esteticamente aceitável, tendo em conta a reconstrução esquelética e articular e o reposicionamento dos feixes vasculo-nervosos, tendões e músculos intrínsecos do polegar. Uma avaliação préoperatória cuidada; a selecção do tipo de cirurgia e a experiência do cirurgião são factores que contribuem para a taxa de sucesso alcançada.
Osteolisis multicéntrica
Authors: Martínez L. , Expósito S. , Rey A. , Gestal J. J. , Sixto A. , García J.
Published: September 2017

Se presenta un caso de osteolisis carpo-tarsal multicéntrica, tipo de displasia esquelética extraordinariamente infrecuente, en una paciente de veintiún años de edad. El correcto diagnóstico de la enfermedad puede evitar tratamientos innecesarios.