bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Middle-Out Music Analysis: Unreflected Methodological Problem
Authors: Siuta Bogdan
Published: December 2023

The problem of bringing into wide scientific and educational and methodological use a still little-known, but in some cases extremely productive type of music analysis—Middle-Out Music Analysis (MOMA) has been updated. The relevance of the study is that, against the background of outdated methodological approaches often used in music analysis, a number of advantages of middle-level analysis oriented to cognitive and psychological methods have been revealed.

The purpose of the study is shown the advantages of the integrated use of MOMA with other types of music analytics, especially with discourse analysis, perception analysis and communicative analysis. The productivity of the use of successive rise or fall in the consideration of the analytical procedures involved in the process of the levels of the structure of the work from the initial median is noted—in accordance with the set goal. The position-hypothesis of the first developers of MOMA about its optimal suitability for studying the communicative and discursive features of the analyzed works and the psychological foundations of the processes of perception and understanding of music has been established. The practical effectiveness of middle-level analysis has been tested on the example of completed analytical etudes of well-known and accessible musical works.

The methodological basis of the article is the musical-psychological approaches proposed by doctors R. Parncutt and R. Pascall in the understanding of analytical, cognitive and speech activity in the perception of music, as well as the functional method and basic provisions of the systemic approach and stylistic analysis (when considering musical works) primarily of tonal music.

The results and conclusions. The Ukrainian-language name of this type of music analysis, which in English is defined as Middle-Out Music Analysis (MOMA; according to the proposal of its main promoters R. Parncutt and R. Pascall), is proposed. An overview of the scientific basis used by the first developers of the theoretical foundations of Middle-Out Music Analysis is given. The advantages of using this type of musical analysis for the study of tonal and tactometric patterns of music are noted. The opinion of doctors R. Parncutt and R. Pascall about fixing in the analysis various types of repetitions of intonation, timbre, tonal-harmonic and metrorhythmic nature, which occupy an important place in the process of perception, comprehension and interpretation of the studied musical works, is supported.
Book Review: “Ritual Melodies of Ukrainians in the Context of Slavic-Baltic Early Traditional Melodic Areal” By Iryna Klymenko
Authors: Panchenko Alexander
Published: December 2023

Book Review: “Ritual Melodies of Ukrainians in the Context of Slavic-Baltic Early Traditional Melodic Areal” By Iryna Klymenko
Reconstruction of the first version Borys Liatoshynsky’s Third symphony: questions and answers (on the material of the third movement)
Authors: Fareniuk Hlib
Published: December 2023

Relevance of the study. Borys Liatoshynsky’s Third symphony is one of the most famous compositions of Ukrainian symphonic music. The work’s first version (1951) was subjected to devastating ideological criticism, after the creation of its second version (1954) and its premiere in December 1955, it was recognized as one of the composer’s greatest creative achievements. It was traditionally considered that the second version of the Third Symphony differs from the first version only in its finale (fourth movement). In the article unknown fragments of the Symphony’s score are analysis, which were recently found in the archive of Boris Liatoshynsky’s Cabinet-Museum. These fragments appearance assumes a rethinking of the traditional approach to the issue of versions of the Third Symphony.

The purpose of the article is to introduce new archival finds into scientific circulation and to revise the established view of the first version of Borys Liatoshynsky’s Third Symphony.

Methods. In the article historical, comparative and textual research methods are used.

The results and conclusions. The issue of differences between the versions of Borys Liatoshynsky’s Third symphony has been resolved in different ways in the musicological literature. N. Zaporozhec (1960) and A. Yefimenko (2016) pointed out the difference in the finals; V. Samohvalov (1981) and M. Hordiichuk (1969) wrote that the composer made changes in the third and fourth movements; Yu. Hozhyk (1997), in the most detailed study to date, stated about edits in all parts of the symphonic cycle. Found fragments from the score of the first version of the Symphony make it possible to clarify this contradictory situation.

In a letter to R. Gliere, dated September 1, 1954, Boris Liatoshynsky described in detail the changes made for the second version of the Symphony: the first movement was almost not edited, the second was shortened, in the third (scherzo) movement composer changed the trio, and the finale was thoroughly reworked. On four pages of the score found in the composer’s Cabinet-Museum one can see the trio from the third movement of the Symphony in the first version. It was significantly less than what we know from the second version (17 bars instead of 80). After composing the new trio, Liatoshynsky made almost no changes for the score of the second version (the development section was shortened by 1 bar, the code—by 5 bars). These changes in purely immanent musical solutions have a direct impact on the general concept of the Symphony cycle, so it would be fair to note that the difference between the two versions presents two different solutions to the collision of the Third Symphony.
MODELS OF COST BEHAVIOUR: A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Alona Khmelyuk , Valentin Nezhumyria
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the peculiarities of cost behaviour in the production of metallurgical products and their modelling. The industry specifics and their impact on cost formation and production of metallurgical products are assessed. The article develops step-by-step approaches to cost behaviour analysis. It is proved that one of the key aspects of the study of cost behaviour is the choice of an effective method of their accounting and calculation The main factors of external and internal direction of cost behaviour are formed. Peculiarities of application of the preliminary method of production are evaluated. The scheme of formation of accounting and analytical reflection of production of metallurgical products by the preliminary method at PJSC "Kamet-Stal" is developed. The accounting and analytical reflection of formation of the production cost of metallurgical products on the accounts is presented. The emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of accounting for the formation of the production cost of metallurgical products according to national accounting standards (regulations). A set of interrelated factors that shape and influence the behaviour of costs has been formed. It has been concluded that the most objective method for assessing cost behaviour is statistical correlation models. A regression equation as a linear model of cost behaviour has been formed. A linear model of cost behaviour has been calculated. The equation parameters, actual and tabulated coefficient of determination are determined. The relationship between the volume of pig iron production and changes in total fixed costs is substantiated. The closeness and significance of the relationship are estimated. Analytical conclusions are formed and the main directions of the cost management strategy are developed. It is proposed to forecast costs using the tested model. It has been concluded that the developed model of cost behaviour of metallurgical products (liquid cast iron) can be useful in the practical activities of an enterprise for making effective management decisions in both the short and long term.
DEVELOPMENT OF ARTS LEARNING MEDIA USING AUGMENTED REALITY WITH MARKERLESS BASED TRACKING METHOD AT SMKN 47
Authors: Hanan Ghali , Arifitama Budi , Permana Silvester Dian Handy
Published: December 2023

During the transitional time between Covid-19 and endemic, all Indonesian schools, and SMKN 47 in particular, had restricted educational opportunities. Due to challenges encountered by the instructor and 36 students majoring in accounting in grade 12, they were unable to carry out teaching and learning activities at school; art lesson formats with three-dimensional learning modules must be visualized in 3D. However, with hybrid teaching and learning utilizing presentations, displaying the learned 3D forms is less successful. In order to visualize three dimensions in fine arts classes using augmented reality technology, we require a new learning medium. The application of the Markerless Based Tracking approach in this work enables the presentation of a tracked 3D model in the surrounding environment in real-time by merging the actual and virtual worlds as if their boundaries did not exist. The augmented reality system scans flat surfaces utilizing points, as opposed to markers or other auxiliary media. Points used as pedestals or containers to elevate three-dimensional items. There are three sculptures and three traditional dwellings on show. Online examination outcomes average resulted a 78.2% that  the AR Fine Arts application by instructors and students are therefore consistent and well accepted.
Detection of Hate-Speech Tweets Based on Deep Learning: A Review
Authors: Miran Ara Zozan , Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin
Published: December 2023

Cybercrime, cyberbullying, and hate speech have all increased in conjunction with the use of the internet and social media. The scope of hate speech knows no bounds or organizational or individual boundaries. This disorder affects many people in diverse ways. It can be harsh, offensive, or discriminating depending on the target's gender, race, political opinions, religious intolerance, nationality, human color, disability, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or status as an immigrant. Authorities and academics are investigating new methods for identifying hate speech on social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter. This study adds to the ongoing discussion about creating safer digital spaces while balancing limiting hate speech and protecting freedom of speech.   Partnerships between researchers, platform developers, and communities are crucial in creating efficient and ethical content moderation systems on Twitter and other social media sites. For this reason, multiple methodologies, models, and algorithms are employed. This study presents a thorough analysis of hate speech in numerous research publications. Each article has been thoroughly examined, including evaluating the algorithms or methodologies used, databases, classification techniques, and the findings achieved.   In addition, comprehensive discussions were held on all the examined papers, explicitly focusing on consuming deep learning techniques to detect hate speech.
Oscar Romero dan John Prior: Model Imam Terlibat
Authors: Koten Yosef Keladu , Ledot Ignas , Ibu Kris
Published: December 2023

This article aims to introduce two inspiring figures or models of involved priests, namely Oscar Romero and John Prior. Through comparative analysis of qualitative data, it is discovered that there are differences between Romero and John in terms of historical background, context, and methods or forms of involvement. Romero was a priest who later became a bishop and faced the authoritarian government in El Salvador, while Prior was a priest and intellectual who was concerned with the internal realities of the Church in Indonesia. Romero used the method of preaching and prophetic discourse, while John’s method is sharing the Scriptures. Despite these differences, both are two inspirational figures who contextualize their faith in God by being in solidarity with and living with the poor. The suffering experienced by the marginalized has honed the sensitivity to act and the ability to go beyond the boundaries of social partition. They do not confine themselves to a sacred space and stay away from the profane world, but instead merge themselves into the midst of people who are marginalized either by an oppressive regime or by stigmatization. Romero and John are models of involved priests because for them involvement with the marginalized is a form of priestly accountability before God and the people they serve.

Key words : involved priest, profile, method, Oscar Romero, John Prior
Relasi Uang dan Kekuasaan dalam Konteks Pertukaran Sosial dan Dominasi Impersonal
Authors: Saputra Eka S , Pratama Herdito Sandi
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article discusses social exchange in the relationship between money and power, where money as an economic medium can direct power politically. The framework of thought used refers to Karl Marx. However, this research puts forward a method of critical thinking analysis, with a new approach to reading Marx as pioneered by the Frankfurt School. The steps taken include investigation, interpretation, and deliberation within the framework of a qualitative study. As a result, it appears that there is a development of Marx's theory of value from originally related to concrete work to be intertwined with abstract work through the mediation of money. This research also finds that the tangled threads of social exchange in relation to money and power are formed through fetishism. The worship of money as an independent value binds the existence of value to the form of money. This then manifests impersonal domination. Prioritization of money occurs at the expense or neglect of social relationships and human values. To overcome this tangle, it is necessary to reject the logic of capital, which makes everything rely on money.
Fundamentally, this rejection refers to universal, particular, and singular frames in Žižek's review. Within this framework, the rejection of singular, specific individuals or groups, particularly operative organizational programs, and protest movements with broad universal alliances must work together to drive change.

Keywords: Money, Power, Karl Marx, Social Exchange, Fetishism.
A method of evaluation of the shape of the human cerebellum: MRI study
Authors: Kalinichenko M. O.
Published: December 2023

The variability of shape of an organ is one of the manifestations of its individual anatomical variability. Magnetic resonance imaging and other modern neurovisualization methods allow for in vivo determination of morphological characteristics of organs, considering their natural positioning. The aim of this study is to develop a method of evaluation of the shape of the human cerebellum based on the results of MR imaging morphometry. MR images of the brain were obtained from 30 subjects (15 male and 15 female aged between 20 and 40 years) without apparent brain pathology. MRI was performed using a 1.5 T MRI machine (Siemens Magnetom Symphony, Munich, Germany). The width of the cerebellum was determined in axial (Wax) and coronal (Wcor) planes, the length was determined in axial (Lax) and sagittal (Lsag) planes, the height was determined in coronal (Hcor) and sagittal (Hsag) planes. It was observed that the width of the cerebellum is determined almost equally in two different planes, the greater disparity is noted in the measurements of length and the maximum difference in values was found in the measurements of height. A moderate and statistically significant linear relationship was discovered between the variables Wax and Lax (r=0.48; p<0.01), as well as between Wcor and Hcor (r=0.39; p<0.05). Variability in the values of paired linear dimensions measured in a single plane and the absence of a functional relationship between them lead to variability in their ratios, or shape factors (Wax / Lax, Wcor / Hcor, Lsag / Hsag). These shape factors, in turn, influence the shape of intracerebellar structures, primarily the cerebellar nuclei. To evaluate the overall shape of the cerebellum, the following parameters have been proposed, which describe the relationships between one linear dimension of the cerebellum to the other two: relative width of the cerebellum (Wr=(Wax×Wcor) / (Lax×Hcor)), relative length of the cerebellum (Lr=(Lax×Lsag) / (Wax×Hsag)), and relative height of the cerebellum (Hr=(Hcor×Hsag) / (Wcor×Lsag)). Further analysis of these parameters defines which of the linear dimensions has a greater influence on the shape of the cerebellum, determining its structural features, such as the shape of its lobules, the course of its fissures, and the three-dimensional organization of its nuclei, among others. In vivo evaluation of cerebellar shape will facilitate improvements in the diagnosis of cerebellar disorders using MRI and will be valuable in conducting neuromorphological research studies.
Morphohistological study of regeneration of knee joint cartilage defects in an experimental model under the influence of nuclear magnetic resonance therapy
Authors: Fishchenko V. O. , Korol A. P. , Yusupova D. V.
Published: December 2023

Despite the variety of modern methods of treatment, the problem of hyaline cartilage regeneration is still relevant. Purpose of the study: to determine the effect of nuclear magnetic resonance therapy on the regenerative ability of simulated defects in the cartilage tissue of the knee joint in rats, to assess the dynamics of microscopic changes in articular cartilage in the main and control groups. The study was performed on 60 sex-mature rats. The defects were created in the area of the articular surfaces of the left knee joint – 30 defects in the main group and 30 defects in the control group. The right knee joint of both study groups was used as the norm. Medical (antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, analgesic) therapy was carried out for 3 days after the surgery. On the 4th day after surgery, rats of the main group were given nuclear magnetic resonance therapy for 60 minutes, for 7 days. After 7, 14, 21, 28 days after therapy, histological analysis of cartilage regenerate was performed. 28 days after the use of nuclear magnetic resonance therapy, the height of cartilage regenerate in rats was 82.12±8.89 μm in the intervention group and 56.34±7.82 μm in the control group. Cartilage regenerate in rats after nuclear magnetic resonance therapy was close to the structure of intact hyaline cartilage. However, complete regeneration did not occur, as evidenced by the smaller thickness of the articular cartilage compared to that in the right knee joint. In the control group, the formation of the regeneration had pronounced signs of dysregeneration. The cartilage tissue in the area of the defect, was predominantly fibrous in the nature with areas of necrosis. Nuclear magnetic resonance therapy contributes to the formation of articular cartilage in the defect – cartilage regenerate, which in its histological structure approaches hyaline cartilage.
Understanding the Decline of Pakistan-US Alliance and the Growing Influence of China in Pakistan
Authors: A/L Peter Rogers Roy Anthony  Rogers , Arshad Noraiz , Ali Iftikhar
Published: December 2023

This article examines Pakistan's strategic options in order to understand its puzzling behavior, which can be seen as a hedging strategy against the uncertain future of China-US relations in South Asia. The study sheds light on Pakistan's perplexing conduct towards its alliances with China and the US under the theoretical framework elucidated by Kuik Cheng-Chwee (2008). On one hand, Pakistan fears becoming excessively dependent on the US for security and economic support, particularly as India and the US forge a stronger alliance to counter China. On the other hand, it worries about getting enmeshed in the growing influence of China in Pakistan, which could come at the cost of its financial, conventional military, and strategic ties to the US. The study maintains that Pakistan is striving to position itself as a crucial security partner of the US in the fight against terrorism, which is currently a fading alliance, and as a strategic ally of rising China, an idea that has received scant attention in academic scholarship.
GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THЕ FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALAR BURYATS’ TRADITIONAL HOUSEHOLDING
Authors: Makhachkeeva Galina Vissarionovna
Published: December 2023

The article considers natural climatic and landscape conditions of the area of settlement of the Alar Buryats’ ethno-territorial group, which largely determined the genesis, evolution and transformation of their traditional householding.
Resource potential of municipal solid waste in Odesa Region
Authors: Safranov T. A. , Prykhodko V. Yu. , Yanovsky D. Yu.
Published: December 2023

Despite the widespread use of the term "municipal solid waste" (MSW), the main regulatory and legislative documents of Ukraine use the term "household waste". International practice also does not have a clear definition of the "municipal solid waste" concept, however, there are a number of related terms. Municipal solid waste is defined as a waste that is generated in the course of human activity, accumulated in residential buildings and social institutions and considered as unsuitable for further use at places of its generation. As for the related terms used in foreign and national practice, the term “household waste”, i.e. waste generated directly by households, is more appropriate. Municipal solid waste is a heterogeneous mixture that has a complex waste composition and its quantitative and qualitative characteristics are not constant and depend on characteristics of a certain country, region, city or town where it was generated, season and other factors. Growing volumes of municipal solid waste is one of the components of growing anthropogenic load that poses a threat to environmental safety of the country's regions and public health and negatively affects the state of our environment. The main methods of such solid waste management in Ukraine include landfilling, incineration, recycling and recovery. Out of the total annual waste volume generated on the post-Soviet territories, 93% are taken to landfills or dumpsites, 4% – incinerated, and only about 3% – recycled.

Therefore, creation and implementation of an effective system of solid waste management is an important task for ensuring environmental safety and sustainable development of the country's regions. Moreover, solid waste is a significant reserve for obtaining secondary material resources. According to the circular economy concept, almost all components of solid waste should be reused for production of new items. This will minimize negative impact on the environment and allow rational use of natural resources. The article analyses the current state of municipal solid waste management system in Odesa Region and assesses resource value of such waste. Secondary raw materials worth of almost UAH 1.4 million can be produced annually from the total flow of municipal solid waste in Odesa Region. And this figure does not take into account liquidity of food and other waste. After establishing an effective food and other organic waste management system, such amount may be significantly increased. Separation of resource-value components from the total solid waste flow and their subsequent use will help to reduce technogenic load on the environmental natural components and improve the overall environmental situation in Odesa Region.
Comparative analysis of the tax systems of the Russian Federation and Switzerland
Authors: Menshakov Arsenii Sergeevich
Published: December 2023

A key aspect of the investment attractiveness of the national economic system of the Russian Federation (RF) is its tax policy, which affects the formation of the net financial result of enterprises. And analyzing the successful foreign experience in ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy, it is worth paying attention to Switzerland, which attracts foreign investment into its markets. One of the reasons for such investment attractiveness of a foreign country may be its tax system, which must be compared in relation to Russian practice.
Operational efficiency of the company in achieving strategic development
Authors: Semina Natalia Sergeevna , Nazarova Daria Igorevna , Nikulin Leonid Romanovich
Published: December 2023

Businesses need to rely on strategic financial planning when taking decisions on managing operational activity to navigate through turbulent times, as a well-planned budget, can provide the company with ability to allocate resources effectively, prioritize initiatives, and develop long-term strategic plans. In this article methods of strategic financial planning in operational activity are applied for the FESCO group, in order to identify internal and external factors affecting its financial performance, make predictions on further development of the company and propose the main ways to improve it.
РАДЯНСЬКА УКРАЇНІЗАЦІЯ: ВІД МАНІПУЛЯЦІЇ ДО РЕПРЕСІЙ
Authors: Коляструк Ольга
Published: December 2023

У статті показано, як більшовицька українізація сприяла закріпленню радянської влади в українській республіці, забезпечила формування української культури «національної за формою і соціалістичної за змістом», заміні національної ідентичності радянською. За допомогою цієї політики більшовики домоглися легітимізації своєї окупаційної влади в УСРР, досягли радянізації українського суспільства, його упокорення шляхом позірної національно-культурної програми з використанням силових практик репресій проти свідомих носіїв української ідентичності. Українізація була колонізаторською за своєю метою, методами впровадження і результатами дії, мала репресивний характер, її наслідки відчутні і на сьогоднішньому етапі.

Ключові слова: «українізація», більшовицька маніпуляція, українська мова, національна політика, репресії, національна еліта.
Cross­Media Platform as a Tool for Promoting the Cultural Heritage of the Ukrainian Diaspora in the Conditions of Development of a Digital Society
Authors: Bilushchak T. , Primakova D.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the socio-cultural processes in modern Ukraine. Therefore, the study and popularization of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora among the youth with the help of information and communication technologies during the development of a digital society becomes especially relevant.

The purpose of the work is to use a cross-media platform as an application in information and communication technologies to popularize the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora under the conditions of a digital society formation.

The research methodology is based on the application of general scientific and special research methods. In particular, the method of historical and source research, analysis of scientific literature, methods of analysis and synthesis, content analysis, comparative and analytical monitoring of Internet resources, as well as the “Tree of Goals” method were used.

The results. As a result of scientific research, a cross-media platform project was implemented as a means of popularizing the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora using a virtual exhibition in the form of a website, a Telegram channel, and an Instagram page. The main stages of the product creation were described, the approbation of the project was carried out and its possibilities as a tool for spreading knowledge about the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora were determined.

The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the fact that the process of representation and popularization of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora using a cross-media platform as a means of educational activity under the conditions of a digital society formation, was for the first time clarified.

The practical significance. The practical significance of the results of the work is that the conducted research will allow teachers to increase student/pupil interest in the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian diaspora in thematic courses, allow implementation of projects using a cross-media platform, and provide students/pupils an additional platform for studying this material or representing their creative projects.

Conclusions. It is established that a cross-media platform is a method of communication that involves a dialogue with the audience through the use of multimedia and various platforms for communication.
“An internal matter for the Soviet Union”. The attitude of the Polish Embassy in Moscow towards problems with changing the citizenship of Polish repatriates from the depths of the Soviet Union in 1945
Authors: Marciniak Wojciech
Published: December 2023

After concluding the Polish-Soviet repatriation agreement (6 July 1945), the Soviet Union (the USSR) started preparing for the evacuation of Polish exiles: victims of the Soviet deportation from the years 1940–1941. It soon became apparent that those who wanted to return to Poland were required to undergo the procedure of changing citizenship. The exiles had to prove they had been Polish citizens prior to 17 September 1939. The majority of them did not have the documents that could confirm this, thus, the planned repatriation was under threat. In the autumn of 1945, the Polish Embassy in Moscow took action to make the procedure of changing citizenship easier, and finally mass repatriation began.
Uwarunkowania rozwoju stosunków finansowo-kredytowych krajów bloku radzieckiego z Zachodem w latach 80. XX wieku
Authors: Klimiuk Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

Economic relations between Comecon countries led by the Soviet Union (communist bloc) and OECD countries (Western Europe, the USA, Canada and Japan) in the 1980s were characterized by deep stagnation in all areas of mutual cooperation. This was due to many negative factors interconnected in a short time. They were very diverse in terms of nature, range and durability of impact. The article contains an analysis of the development of the financial and credit relations of the Soviet bloc countries with the West in the 1980s in the existing political and economic conditions of East-West relations. The financial and credit dependence of the socialist countries was very clear and intense at that time. Its elimination or reduction as a result of the development of connections in other directions was only partially possible. Its negative impact also covered areas vital for individual economies. In addition, it was of a long-term nature, which made this type of dependence useful as an economic instrument for political purposes, both in the aspect of short-term and long-term pressure on the implementation of political intentions. When analyzing the entirety of East-West economic contacts, one cannot omit the problem of the debt of the Comecon countries, which largely determines the development of all areas of cooperation. In the 1980s, in Comecon-OECD credit relations, two trends clearly intersected: negative and positive. A negative trend was manifested in the increase in debt burdening the economies of many Central and Eastern European countries. This was caused by an increase in payment liabilities for servicing debts resulting from the postponement of loan repayment dates.
The “Russian World” concept in the Ukrainian media discourse: some of the key narratives
Authors: Starodubtseva Anastassiya
Published: December 2023

The “Russian world” concept is constantly employed in political and media discourse. Despite its active use, no single comprehensive definition exists in scientific literature. In this study, a brief version of the “Russian world” term conceptualization was presented, including two categorical series of semantic formations (social groups and value systems) and three axiological conceptual functions of the “Russian world”. In addition, newly formed narratives in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war encountered only within the framework of Ukrainian discourse were identified. As research material, Russian and Ukrainian-language texts from the Ukrainian media reflecting the consequences of Russia’s military actions on the territory of Ukraine through the prism of the “Russian world” concept were adopted. The work was conducted applying semantic analysis, contextual analysis, and the substitution method.
The evolution of terrorism in Russia in the years 2015-2022. Quantitative analysis of the phenomenon
Authors: Stempień Marta
Published: December 2023

In the years 2015-2021, Russia’s rank in Global Terrorism Index became lower every year. In 2015 and 2016, it was classified as third among the European countries, behind Ukraine and France. In the following period (2017-2021), the United Kingdom also found itself ahead of Russia, which fell to the fourth position. The present article has the form of a quantitative analysis. The research goal is to identify trends related to terrorism that take place in the Russian Federation in the years 2015-2022 (in some parts, the analysis covers the time span between 2015 and 2021, due to lack of data). According to the hypothesis: The phenomenon of terrorism in Russia is closely related to the activities of jihadist organizations, and groups with a different profile pose a marginal threat. Quantitative analysis of the attacks conducted in the analyzed period will enable the verification of the hypothesis and determine the prospects for the development of this aspect.
Developing a Shared Decision-Making Model for Diabetic Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Vaskouei Eshkevarei Khorshid , Hajinabi Kamran , Riahi Leila , Maleki Mohammadreza
Published: December 2023

Background: Patient participation in healthcare leads to increased satisfaction and trust, reduction of anxiety, and a better understanding of patientsâ€™ needs. The components of shared decision-making (SDM) are well documented in the literature. The purpose of this study was to design an SDM model for diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was performed in three steps. First, a descriptive comparative study was conducted using the widely-used George Brady method. Next, the perceptions of participants (both physicians and patients) were collected via interview and in focus group discussions (FGDs). Content analysis was used to categorize the comments made by participants. In the final step, the model of SDM for diabetic patients was designed based on expert panel discussions. Results: Twelve components were extracted from the comparative study. Two themes and six sub-themes were extracted from data resulting from physiciansâ€™ interviews, and two themes and ten sub-themes were extracted from data resulting from the FGDs involving patients. The model of SDM for diabetic patients was designed in light of three concepts; practitionersâ€™ behavior, participatory decision-making process, and patientsâ€™ autonomy. Conclusion: This model was valuable because it recognizes the process of SDM in the context of Iran. The modelâ€™s main purpose was to help choose optimum strategies for the care of diabetic patients within the health sector. [GMJ.2021;10:e1735]
Uterine Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma with Stromal Chondroid Metaplasia: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Akbarzadeh-Jahromi Mojgan , Sari Aslani Fatemeh , Taheri Negar , Najib Fatemehsadat
Published: December 2023

Background: Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare gynecological disease. Myxoid leiomyosarcoma (mLMS) is an aggressive and very uncommon type of leiomyosarcoma, with few cases reported in English literature. Stromal metaplasia is rare in leiomyosarcoma. Here we present huge uterine myxoid leiomyosarcoma with stromal chondroid metaplasia. Case Report: A 48â€“yearâ€“old single woman with lower abdominal pain and increased abdominal circumference. The detected mass on imaging was diagnosed as uterine mLMS with stromal chondroid metaplasia in the histopathological examination after surgery. Conclusion: Myxoid leiomyosarcoma should be considered in uterine mass with extensive myxoid change, infiltrative border, low mitotic count, and mild atypia. Stromal chondroid metaplasia can be seen in the myxoid leiomyosarcoma. [GMJ.2021;10:e1817]
Wound Healing Potential of Crocin and Safranal, Main Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), the Active Constituents in Excision Wound Model in Rats
Authors: Heydari Mojtaba , Deldar Nafise , Monsefi Malihezaman , Salmanpour Mohsen , Ostovar Mohadeseh
Published: December 2023

Background: Saffron is traditionally suggested for wound healing in Persian medicine. It is investigated for wound healing effect in multiple studies with promising results. It is not examined that which ingredient of saffron contributes more to this effect. This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the wound healing potential of saffron and its active constituents, crocin, and safranal, in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty female adult rats with induced excision wounds were randomly divided into four groups to receive topical formulation of saffron, crocin, safranal, and placebo for seven days. The Wound area and histopathologic stage of wound healing were evaluated as outcome measures. Results: The wound area was significantly lower in treatment groups (saffron, crocin, and safranal) compared to the control group on day 7 of the intervention. Compared to the control group, the wound in all treated groups showed a decreased inflammatory response and more progression to the proliferation phase. The saffron group showed more advanced healing phase with complete epithelialization of the wound on day 7 of study when partial and no epithelialization was observed in safranal and crocin groups. Conclusion: The study showed the wound healing properties of both safranal and crocin with the slight superiority of safranal. However, saffron seems to be more potent in wound healing effect compared to safranal and crocin as its main active constituents. [GMJ.2021;10:e1900]
Plasma Cytokines Profile in Subjects with Alzheimerâ€™s Disease: Interleukin 1 Alpha as a Candidate for Target Therapy
Authors: Karima Saeed , Mahdavi Meisam , Rajaei Shima , Safarpour Lima Behnam , Ataeia Reza , Sepasi Tehrani Hessam , Mahmoodi Baram Somayeh , Tafakhori Abbas , Shateri Somayeh , Fatemi Hamid , Mokhtari Farzad , Yarhosseini Amir , Gorji Ali , Aghamolaii Vajihe , Nikzameer Abdolrahim , Ghahremani Hossein
Published: December 2023

Background: Alzheimerâ€™s disease (AD) is the main cause of the neurodegenerative disorder, which is not detected unless the cognitive deficits are manifested. An early prediagnostic specific biomarker preferably detectable in plasma and hence non-invasive is highly sought-after. Various hypotheses refer to AD, with amyloid-beta (AÎ²) being the most studied hypothesis and inflammation being the most recent theory wherein pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the main culprits. Materials and Methods: In this study, the cognitive performance of AD patients (n=39) was assessed using mini-mental state examination (MMSE), AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), and clinical dementia rating (CDR). Their neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated through neuropsychiatric inventoryâ€“questionnaire (NPI-Q). Moreover, plasma levels of routine biochemical markers, pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor Î± (TNF-Î±), interleukin-1 Î± (IL-1Î±), IL-1Î², IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-10, Interferon-gamma, chemokines, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon gamma-induced protein 10, AÎ² peptide species (42, 40) and Transthyretin (TTR) were measured. Results: Our results revealed that AÎ² 42/40 ratio and TTR were correlated (r=0.367, P=0.037). IL-1Î± was directly correlated with ADAS-cog (r=0.386, P=0.017) and AÎ² 40 (r=0.379, P=0.019), but was inversely correlated with IL-4 (r=-0.406, P=0.011). Negative correlations were found between MMSE and PGE2 (r=-0.405, P=0.012) and TNF-Î±/ IL-10 ratio (r=-0.35, P=0.037). CDR was positively correlated with both PGE2 (r=0.358, P=0.027) and TNF-Î± (r=0.416, P=0.013). There was a positive correlation between NPI-caregiver distress with CDR (r=0.363, P=0.045) and ADAS-cog (r=0.449, P=0.019). Conclusion: Based on the observed correlation between IL-1Î±, as a clinical moiety, and ADAS-cog, as a clinical manifestation of AD, anti-IL-1Î± therapy in AD could be suggested. [GMJ.2021;10:e1974]
Fe2O3 Magnetic Nanoparticles and Curcumin Improved Sperm Parameters in Rats with Scrotal Hyperthermia
Authors: Hashemi Mehrdad , Mollaei Maryam , Siasi Elham , Marandi Sayeh Jafari , Entezari Malihe
Published: December 2023

Background: Testicular function depends on temperature, and it has been shown that scrotal hyperthermia causes a sharp decrease in sperm parameters due to oxidative stress. In recent years, the use of natural materials from the plant and nanoparticles has attracted much attention. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin and Fe2O3 nanoparticles on sperm parameters in rats. Materials and Methods: After preparing the rats, they were placed in a hot water bath at 43Â°C for 30 minutes for six consecutive days. The 48 rats were then divided into eight groups. A concentration of 0.03 mg/kg body weight magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles and curcumin at the concentration of 0.02 mg/kg body weight were used. After killing animals, the semen parameters such as viability, concentration, motility, and morphology of sperm were studied. Results: Significant differences were observed in all groups of rats in terms of semen parameters (P<0.001). The results showed a positive effect of curcumin on improving semen parameters in scrotal hyperthermia rats and a negative and toxic effect of Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles. However, significant improvement in sperm parameters was observed when Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles were given to rats along with curcumin. Conclusion: Curcumin has a positive and significant effect on improving sperm parameters in scrotal hyperthermia conditions. Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles, if co-administered with curcumin, can significantly improve sperm parameters. In this regard, green synthesis of nanoparticles and concomitant administration of antioxidants such as curcumin in scrotal hyperthermia conditions is recommended. [GMJ.2021;10:e2014]
Investigating the Relationship Between the Expression Level of Mucin Gene Cluster (MUC2, MUC5A, and MUC5B) and Clinicopathological Characterization of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hashemi Mehrdad , Iranmanesh Hossein , Majd Ahmad , Nazemalhosseini Mojarad Ehsan , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2023

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and has a high mortality rate. It is accepted that dysfunction in the expression of mucins are associated with the occurrence and development of CRC. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression of MUC2, MUC5A, and MUC5B genes in CRC and their relationship with clinicopathological variables. Materials and Methods: The population included 28 patients after a colonoscopy and confirmation of the results. Tumors and parallel adjacent normal tissues from CRC patients were collected. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using the corresponding kits. The gene primer was designed and RT-PCR was used to evaluate gene expression. The t-test and ANOVA were used to examine the differences between the different groups. Data analysis was performed using Prism8 software. Tumors from CRC patients were retrospectively collected from Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Results: The results showed that the expression of MUC2, MUC5A, and MUC5B genes was lower in patients with CRC aged 50 years or younger than was in older patients (P<0.05). Only the MUC5B gene expression was associated with tumor grades, which was higher in poorly differentiated tumors. The expression of MUC5A and MUC2 genes was higher in stage IV of the tumor than in other stages (P<0.05). Conclusion: Among the changes in the expression of MUC secretory genes, including MUC2, MUC5A, and MUC5B and clinicopathological variables, there was a relationship that could have prognostic and diagnostic value in CRC. [GMJ.2021;10:e2030]
Curcumin Along With Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Improved Sperm Parameters In Rats With Testicular Ischemia
Authors: Hashemi Mehrdad , Zarei Moradi Shabnam , Angaji Seyed Abdolhamid , Salehi Mitra
Published: December 2023

Background: Ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) in testicular tissue is one reason for the worldwide increase in male infertility. In the present study, we assessed the effects of curcumin and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on sperm parameters in rats with I/R damage. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight adult male rats were divided into two groups (n=24 per group): control and torsion/detorsion. The control and torsion/detorsion groups were divided into four subgroups include sham, Fe3O4 NPs, curcumin, and Fe3O4 NPs+curcumin. After the rats were sacrificed, semen was collected from their epididymal tissues to assess sperm viability, motility, concentration, and morphology. Results: Curcumin significantly improved viability, motility, and normal sperm morphology in rats with I/R damage compared to the control group; however, it did not have a significant effect on sperm concentration (P<0.001). Fe3O4 NPs alone decreased all sperm parameters in the control and I/R rats (P<0.001). However, concomitant administration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with curcumin significantly improved sperm parameters in rats with I/R damage (P<0.001). Conclusion: The increase in all semen parameters in the experimental groups with concomitant use of Fe3O4 NPs plus curcumin indicated that green synthesis of NPs could be recommended for future clinical studies.
Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D-Mediated Immunomodulation
Authors: Shah Syed Imran Ali , Alswailmi Farhan Khashim , Nawaz Haleema , Al-Mazaideh Ghassab Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Ever since discovering the fat-soluble secosteroid vitamin D, an abundance of research has been conducted on the molecular mechanisms for the multiple health benefits of this nutrient. Studies on the beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation have found appreciable evidence suggesting that it may play a more prime role than initially presumed. Though it has largely been implicated in bone pathophysiology, novel research on vitamin D indicates its fundamental involvement in a wide range of disease processes through its multiple systemic effects, including but not limited to metabolic, cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and immune actions. Recent work has yielded important mechanistic insights into the functions of vitamin D in mediating immunity. The present work sheds light on the metabolism and immune response mechanisms of vitamin D. Current review is based on a thorough search of the available relevant research findings of the metabolic transformations of vitamin D and the molecular basis of its role in immunity. Apart from its classical mechanistic control of mineral homeostasis, vitamin D has immunomodulatory effects through various mechanisms at both systemic and cellular levels. Disruption of vitamin D reliant molecular pathways in the regulation of immune response can potentially result in the development and/or progression of autoimmune and infective processes. [GMJ.2021;10:e2097]