bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecção molecular e análise filogenética da sequência parcial do gene da proteína do capsídeo do vírus da faixa das nervuras do morangueiro
Authors: Corrêa Puttkammer Catarina , Zappelini Julia , Henrique Ferrero Klabunde Gustavo , Pedro Guerra Miguel
Published: August 2021

O morango cultivado (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. (Rosaceae) é um híbrido originado pelo cruzamento das espécies americanas Fragaria chiloensis e Fragaria virginiana e pertence à família Rosaceae. O morangueiro possui reprodução vegetativa e, por isso, é comum o acúmulo de viroses e outras doenças de difícil controle. Uma das quatro viroses mais importantes na cultura do morango é causada pelo vírus da faixa das nervuras (Strawberry vein banding virus – SVBV), que é transmitido no campo por afídeos, de maneira semipersistente. Para melhorar o conhecimento genômico, são recomendadas técnicas moleculares e a classificação de isolados de SVBV. Um dos determinantes primários da transmissibilidade e especificidade por afídeos é a proteína do capsídeo, que possui importância crítica para o estabelecimento da infecção. Neste trabalho, foi sequenciada parcialmente a proteína do capsídeo do gene do SVBV de um isolado alemão, inoculado em morangueiros e mantido em casa de vegetação no Brasil, por mais de dez anos. Foi realizada a análise filogenética comparando as sequências contidas no GenBank com o objetivo de elucidar as relações evolutivas nesta espécie. As análises filogenéticas mostraram que a sequência do isolado está mais próxima dos isolados dos EUA e Egito. Estes resultados contribuem para a melhor elucidação dos mecanismos de evolução do vírus e do patossistema em questão.
Climate finance potential to unlock private sector investment in adaptation
Authors: Altamirano Monica
Published: August 2021

The increasing variety of climate, water and biodiversity funds and financing facilities, has the potential to increase complementarity. In practice, this increasing fragmentation is becoming a systemic barrier for local access to finance. The development of novel governance structures for collective investments at watershed level and innovative procurement strategies is required to deal with the remaining systemic barriers for private sector participation. A public-private programmatic approach that enables the combination of multiple thematic finance streams is required along with non-traditional global-local partnerships that bring the required expertise to effectively de-risk and significantly reduce transaction costs for investments at the watershed scale.
HELP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH COMPANIES IN A PANDEMIC CONDITIONS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Карзанова И.В.
Published: August 2021

В статье анализируются проблемы развития высокотехнологичных быстрорастущих компаний, так называемых техногазелей, некоторые из которых могут вырасти в «национальных чемпионов» в России. Рассматривается их роль в инновационном развитии экономики и формы их поддержки государством. Российская практика поддержки этих компаний в период пандемии значительно скромнее той помощи техногазелям, которая выделяется во многих странах в надежде, что они помогут преодолеть кризисы периода пандемии. Автор обосновывает вывод о необходимости разработки и применения системной поддержки высоко- технологичных компаний как важнейших драйверов инновационного развития российской экономики.

The article analyzes the development problems of high-tech fast-growing companies, the so-called "technogazelles", some of which may grow into "national champions" in Russia. Their role in the innovative development of the economy and the forms of their support by the state are considered. The Russian practice of supporting these companies during a pandemic is much more modest than the assistance to technogazelles, which is allocated in many countries, in the hope that they will help to overcome the crises of the pandemic. The author substantiates the conclusion about the need to develop and apply systematic support for high-tech companies as the most important drivers of innovative development of the Russian economy.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ковальчук В.С. , Петров А.Д.
Published: August 2021

В статье затрагивается одна из самых обсуждаемых в настоящее время тем – мировая экономика в условиях COVID-19. В частности, рассматриваются особенности развития российско-китайских отношений в период пандемии. В 2020 году страны всего мира столкнулись с множеством сложностей, связанных с проблемами в логистике, функционированием производств, обеспечением доступности различных туристических направлений и др. Именно поэтому в современных условиях развитие сотрудничества и сохранение дружеских отношений между государствами является главной задачей. Проведен анализ показателей внешнеторгового оборота России и Китая, текущей ситуации в таких важных сферах взаимодействия, как энергетика, наука и техника, туризм, рассматриваются предпринимаемые государством пути преодоления трудностей, представлены результаты торгово-экономических отношений под влиянием пандемии. Авторы рассматривают основные тенденции развития, поддержания и стабилизации отношений в период пандемии между Россией и Китаем.

This paper touches on one of the most discussed topics at the present time the global economy in the context of COVID-19. In particular, the features of the development of Russian-Chinese relations during a pandemic are considered. In 2020, countries around the world are faced with many difficulties associated with problems in logistics, the functioning of production facilities, ensuring the availability of various tourist destinations, and much more. That is why the development of cooperation and the preservation of friendly relations between states is the main task in modern conditions. The paper analyzes the indicators of the foreign trade turnover of Russia and China and presents the results of trade and economic relations under the influence of the pandemic. The paper also provides an analysis of the current situation in such important areas of interaction as energy, science and technology, tourism, and examines the ways of overcoming difficulties undertaken by the state. The authors consider the main trends in the development, maintenance and stabilization of relations during a pandemic between Russia and China.
監理科技發展的關鍵挑戰──以臺灣純網銀數位監理申報機制為例
Authors: 臧正運 臧正運
Published: August 2021

本文釐清監理科技的發展背景，除了外在環境變遷的因素外，並透過「監理資源論」以及「監理技術的關鍵作用論」的視角，分析催化監理科技發展的內在動力。本文認為，監理科技是金融生態演化的產物，也是監理機關為了強化監理而自然形成的發展取徑。本文主張「監理資源的精準投放」以及「監理技術多樣性的實現」乃是發展監理科技的主要目標，而在此目標追求過程中，監理機關會在「監理資源」、「監理文化」、「監理責任」及「監理效果」等四大構面遭遇挑戰。本文並以臺灣純網路銀行之數位監理申報機制為例，分析上述挑戰及可能的因應方案。
Mapping an Investor Protection Framework for the Security Token Offering Market: A Comparative Analysis of UK and German Law
Authors: Dr Joseph Lee Dr Joseph Lee , Dr Joseph Lee Doreen Annette Geidel LL.M.
Published: August 2021

建構證券型代幣發行（STO）市場的法律及規範性框架，係創造投資人信心的關鍵。英國金融行為監理局（FCA）現行有關首次公開發行（IPO）市場之法規範，經評估可適用於STO市場，以消弭投資人與發行人間之不對稱，並促進其使用金融服務。英國的公司法，則作為辨認投資人經濟（現金流）及政治（治理）權存在風險與否之架構。英國法之比較法分析，可提供藉由發展智慧合約以實行STO並落實投資人權利之指引。再者，德國法之比較法分析結果顯示，風險不只僅存在於特定國家之資本市場或公司法規範，其他法律體系亦尚未充分辨認許多風險之態樣，也未將之納入現行立法項目之考量。最後，本文檢視投資人之資料權，並主張資料權應同時作為經濟及政治上之權利，故資料紅利應被分派予證券型代幣之持有者，且資料治理上應確保中心化管理不會有獨占資訊而影響代幣持有者決策之情形。
Embedding securities token offering (STO) within a law and a regulatory framework is critical for its market to develop with investor confidence. The UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) current laws and regulations, which were designed for the initial public offering (IPO) market, are assessed for suitability in an STO market that aims to bring investors closer to issuers and to increase access to finance. UK Company law is then used as a framework to identify risks to investors’ economic (cash flow) and political (governance) rights. The analysis provides guidance for developing smart contracts to implement STO and fulfilling investors’ rights. Furthermore, a comparative analysis with German law shows that although the risks do not only exist in country-specific capital market or company law regulations, other legal systems have neither sufficiently identified many of the risks nor taken them into account in current legislative projects. Finally, the author examines investor’s data rights and argues that they should be recognised as both an economic and a political right. Data dividends should be distributed to security token holders and data governance should ensure that centralised management does not monopolise information to influence token holders’ decision making.
煽惑犯罪與政治言論──重新思索刑法第153條第1款之限縮解釋策略
Authors: 周漾沂 周漾沂
Published: August 2021

要以政治言論自由合法化煽惑他人犯罪的行動，較適當的方式是透過合目的性限縮解釋，將其排除於刑法第153條第1款之罪的射程範圍之外。由於本罪旨在確保公眾關於個人社會生活安全的認知穩定性，因此煽惑概念的成立須滿足釋出犯罪訴求──適於引發真實犯罪聯想──適於動搖認知穩定性──適於影響參與社會交往意願四個要素。依此，當煽惑犯罪行動呈現政治意涵時，可能的合法化途徑有二：首先，當公眾可輕易判讀行為人藉由煽惑行動僅為發洩負面情緒或表達特定訴求時，該煽惑行動即不適於令公眾產生真實犯罪聯想。其次，當煽惑行動鼓動攻擊的對象具有高度特定性，尤其是針對政治體制的攻擊時，即可能給予公眾此僅為特殊個案的認知，而不適於動搖認知穩定性。
日本民事再生法20年之回顧和展望──以「企業再生」為探討核心
Authors: 鄭有為 鄭有為
Published: August 2021

日本2019年5月1日從「平成」改元到「令和」後，平成30年的歷史就此落下帷幕。到現在為止的30年間，日本經濟從平成元年（1989年）泡沫經濟的頂峰開始，經過消費稅增稅、亞洲貨幣危機、平成金融危機、IT泡沫的崩潰、雷曼危機等時期。破產以及企業再建的數量隨著經濟結構的改變而發生變化，經濟不景氣破產就會增加，景氣變好破產就會減少。如果從經濟結構方面探討，可以用熊彼得的經濟結構被資本主義內在力量破壞的理論來表現，即「創造性破壞」。
Refugees, Residents, and Rentierism: A Critical Assessment of Responses to the Syrian Refugee Crisis
Authors: Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: August 2021

How have international agreements on refugees affected the politics of host states of first asylum in the Middle East? The works reviewed here examine the experiences of Lebanon and Jordan, the two countries with the highest refugee- to-citizen ratio in the world, in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis. Five years since the signing of the Jordan Compact and the Lebanon Crisis Response Plan, which have shaped refugee protection in the two countries, the time is ripe for a re-evaluation of the decision to blur the lines between humanitarian and developmental aid. Focusing on the shifting relationship between Syrian refugees and citizens, the review highlights the range of local tensions accentuated by the refugee compact system. It employs the concept of refugee rent—namely, external income linked to the treatment of forcibly displaced population groups—in order to critically assess the repercussions of refugee commodification for the Middle East.
Speculative Fiction Studies in Turkey: A Preliminary Survey
Authors: Atasoy Emrah
Published: August 2021

Contemporary scholarship on speculative fiction has increased in Europe and the United States substantially in recent years. An upsurge in the number of speculative literary works and cinematic adaptations has played an instrumental role in this growing interest. Turkish writers have also joined this trend since they are now writing more speculative fiction. The aim of this study is therefore to present an overview of speculative fiction studies in Turkey and to introduce speculative fiction in Turkish literature from the second part of the nineteenth century until the present day. Such a projection will acquaint scholars with scholarship on speculative fiction and relevant literary production in Turkey. This critical survey hopes to pique international scholarly curiosity about the Turkish tradition of speculative fiction and to inspire a revitalization of relevant scholarship in Turkey.
In the Nature of (Utopian) Production of Space: A Structuralist Perusal of Architectural Utopianism
Authors: Guneri Gizem Deniz
Published: August 2021

The first two decades of the twenty-first century have continued a long tradition of diligent efforts of theorists, historians, and practitioners to establish novel and procreative connections between utopia and architecture. These, however, suffer from a lack of unitary articulation on the dynamics through which utopian ideals transact with reality—on where and how utopia, both as a concept and a construct, subsists among the processes of space production. Specifically dwelling on spatial ideals constituted primarily as works of architecture this text aims to illustrate this interstitial domain between existent and utopian space, and the agents, forces and percolators therein. On this ground, as an attempt to map the internal dynamics of space production in relation to the utopian (architectural) imaginary, it builds upon Bloch's, Lefebvre's, Jameson's, Harvey's, Levitas's, and Soja's theoretical conceptualizations that specifically expound the processes of (architectural) utopianism through a comparative and critical reading.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening program in Zahedan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khavidaki Gholam-Ali Dashti , Gharibi Reza
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most common congenital disorders. The prevalence of this disorder in different communities has been reported between 3.5 to 9 percent, which can have adverse effects on language learning, communication, and education of children. Also, early diagnosis of this disorder in newborns is not possible without the use of hearing screening. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening programs in Zahedan. Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, all babies born in the maternity hospitals of Zahedan city (maternity hospitals of Nabi Akram, Imam Ali, and Social Security hospitals) in 2020, were examined. In order to conduct the study, TEOAE was initially performed for all neonates. Then, based on the results obtained in the ODA test and in case of unsatisfactory response, cases were referred for re-evaluation. Infants who were rejected again in the second stage were immediately subjected to the AABR test and if they failed in this test, they were also subjected to a diagnostic ABR test. Results: Based on our results, 7700 infants were first evaluated with the OAE test. Of these, 580 (8%) had no OAE response. Out of 580 infants rejected in the first stage, 76 infants were also rejected in the second stage; Among them, 8 infants were re-diagnosed with hearing impairments. Finally, out of 3 infants who were diagnosed with hearing loss, 1 (33%) had conductive hearing loss and 2 (67%) had sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, the implementation of a comprehensive neonatal hearing screening program is necessary for the timely and early diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss. Also, screening can improve the health of children and their personal, social, and educational development in the future. Keywords: Hearing screening, hearing loss, newborns, OAE, AABR
Prescribing Pattern of Asthma Therapy among Children with Asthma at Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alolayan Abdullah Mohammad Hamad
Published: August 2021

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting millions of children across the globe and requires long-term pharmacotherapy. This study was carried out with the objective to assess the prescription pattern in asthmatic children in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based-retrospective study was performed, which included out-patients children aged less than 14 years attending Al-Habib Hospital (HMG), Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, between 2010-2019 after obtaining Ethical Approval from the research unit. Results: The most visited physicians was the pediatricians, who counted 53.84% of the total visits. Pediatricians prescribed more oral medications in comparison to Pediatric ER physicians, while Pediatric ER physicians tended to prescribe more antibiotics than pediatricians. In regard to prescribed suppository medication, the most commonly prescribed drug was paracetamol. There was no association between the specialty and prescribing patterns. Regarding prescribed IV medication, no association was found between the specialty and prescribing patterns. The most commonly IV medication was ceftriaxone, followed by salbutamol. In regard to nebulizers, and inhalers no association was found between the specialty and prescribing patterns. Conclusion: The study effectively established the relationship between the prevalence and incidence of asthma. In order to properly manage asthmatic patients, it is necessary to develop asthma treatment recommendations and assess physician adherence to treatment guidelines. Keywords: Asthma, Qassim, ISAAC, Therapy, Survey, Children
Evaluation of Oral Health Literacy among Adults in Sari - Iran
Authors: Zamanzadeh Maryam , Mahmoodnia Elham , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Ghorbani Anahita
Published: August 2021

Background and aim: It is generally accepted that oral health literacy is one of the important determinants of oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluated oral health literacy in Sari City -Northern Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 855 adult citizens of Sari by random sampling. The data was collected using a standard questionnaire including 17 questions regarding oral health literacy in four sections: content comprehension, number comprehension, listening and decision making; three questions about oral health behaviors and some questions about self-assessment of oral health status, age, gender and education. Citizens were divided into three groups in terms of oral health literacy: inadequate (0-9), marginal (10-11), and adequate (12-17). The data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics including chi-square, t-test, ANOVA and correlation coefficient in SPSS ver. 20 software. Results: 43.3% of the Sari city citizens had adequate oral health literacy. The mean score of oral health literacy was 10.02 ± 3.4 out of 17. Oral health literacy was higher among educated and employed people, as well as those with smaller households. Those who reported better oral health behaviors had higher oral health literacy than others (P-value <0.001). Also, those who had poor oral health status in compare with two other groups had lower oral health literacy (P-value <0.001). Conclusion: The oral health literacy of Sari city citizens was marginal. Oral health care providers need to devise the necessary plans to improve the oral health of the community Key words: Health Literacy, Oral Health Literacy, Oral Health.
Correlation of Sleep Quality in Spondyloarthritis Patients and its Association with Disease Activitiy Parameters
Authors: Bedaiwi Mohamed K , Alkhalaf Abdulaziz , Almaghlouth Ibrahim A , Alqurtas Eman M , Almutairi Saad ‎ , Almutairi Faris , Alqahtani Turki , Alasbali Majed , Omair Mohamed A.
Published: August 2021

Background: Patients with chronic medical disorders are substantially more likely to have sleep related issues. Previously, various authors have reported sleep disruptions to be common in rheumatic diseases, although such sleep related issues in the spondyloarthropathies have not received much attention.. Aim: The present study was aimed to assess the effect of spondyloarthropathies on sleep quality and to see whether this effect is associated with disease activity. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the rheumatology clinic, King Khalid University Hospital, during the duration of two months. A total of 85 diagnosed cases of spondyloarthritis were included. All participants were interviewed regarding their Demographic details, disease duration, medications, treatment regimens and physical examination. Sleep disturbance was measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life scale. The intensity of disease activity was evaluated using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and patient’s functional status was evaluated using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). Blood inflammatory markers like ESR levels and CRP levels were also calculated for each patient. Results: Among the total 79 cases included, mean age of patients was 41.06±11.78 years, 40 (50.6%) were females, mean disease duration was 5 years. Diagnoses included Ankylosing spondylitis (48.10%), Psoriatic arthritis (43.04%), Undifferentiated spondyloarthopathy (6.33%) and IBD-related arthropathy (2.53%). Spondyloarthritis was observed to be associated with considerable impaired sleep quality on (PSQI) questionnaire. Six out of seven studied components came out to be worse and the only component which remained unaffected was “use of sleep Medication”. A significant correlation was observed between disease severity and patients ESR and CRP levels, and a significant correlation was observed between BASDAI score and all seven sleep quality parameters and overall PSQI scores. Both BASDAI score and BASFI scores correlated significantly with each other and a significant correlation was observed between the functional status (BASFI score) and Six sleep quality parameters except for use of sleep medication. Conclusion: We conclude that the sleep related problems were significantly higher in patients with spondyloarthritis and patients during active phase of disease had decreased sleep quality. Keywords: spondyloarthropathies, sleep quality, disease activity, PSQI scores.
The impact of principal administration on elementary school teachers' performance
Authors: Krisdiani Liza , Riswandi Riswandi , Rochmiyati Rochmiyati
Published: August 2021

The problem of this research is regarding the management of the principal on the performance of educators. The purpose of this study is to explore how principals should work in schools. Six efforts that can be made by principals in improving teacher performance include (1) a serious focus on improving teacher competence, (2) providing sufficient funds to increase teacher professionalism, (3) supervising and guiding teachers professionally, (4) creating a culture of school organization that is comfortable for teachers, (5) creates innovation and progress in schools, and (6) provides various awards for every achievement made by teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that principals be more active and creative in collaborating with teachers and stakeholders in teacher performance education. The research uses quantitative research methods, namely to see the partial effect between the variables in the survey with a quantitative approach. The population and sample of this study were elementary school teachers at SDN 1 Sumber Agung, Kemiling District, Bandar Lampung City. Data collection techniques used non-test techniques (observation, interviews, and documentation) and test techniques (Questionnaire). The data analysis technique used instrument validity test, instrument reliability test, instrument difficulty level, and differentiating power.
ANAIS DO I CONGRESSO ON-LINE NACIONAL DE CIÊNCIAS & SAÚDE (ICONCS): COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
Authors:   LITERACIA CIENTÍFICA EDITORA & CURSOS
Published: August 2021

O I Congresso On-line Nacional de Ciências & Saúde (ICONCS) promovido pela Literacia Científica Editora & Cursos ocorreu de 13 a 15 de maio. Tratou-se de um evento multidisciplinar que teve por objetivo promover o debate sobre aspectos técnicos, científicos, políticos, legais e inovadores sobre a pandemia da COVID-19 vivida atualmente. Durante os três dias do evento, os participantes tiveram a oportunidade de aproveitar a programação diversificada do evento, que contou com palestras e minicursos. O evento foi voltado para acadêmicos, profissionais e pesquisadores da área da saúde, em especial, mas também aberto aos pares de áreas afins que tivessem interesse em contribuir. O Congresso, de cunho nacional, contou com a participação de renomados especialistas na área da Saúde Pública e de outras áreas de interesse, como as Ciências Sociais, na discussão do que há de mais atual e relevante concernente à COVID-19 no Brasil e no mundo.
Resilience: The power of positive relationships
Authors: Duckworth Angela
Published: August 2021

A few years ago, I met a young man named Cody Coleman. Cody’s story begins in the Monmouth County Correctional Institution, where his mother was serving time for threatening to kill the child of a senator. Cody’s childhood was chaotic and uncertain. When he told me the bare facts, my heart broke for the little boy who, against all odds, grew up to thrive in every possible sense of the word.
Solar Assisted Gasification of Solid Feedstock: Optical Arrangement and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Raza Syed Shabbar , Janajreh Isam
Published: August 2021

Gasification is a high temperature thermo-chemical pathway that is used to convert a solid fuel/feedstock into combustible syngas (CO and H2) and chemicals. The gasified species derive their formation energy by combusting 20- 30% of the feedstock. The combustion resulted in emission of soot, particulate matter, NOx and SOx. Therefore, an attempt is made in this work to offset the energy required for gasification through the use of concentrated solar power, i.e. solar to enthalpy. The system consists of a parabolic and hyperbolic reflector using Cassegrain configuration to concentrate 5 kW of solar flux for the gasifier. Furthermore, a high fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is established based on the results of thermodynamic and optical models. The CFD simulation couples the effect of heat transfer through solar radiation and reaction kinetics in the participating media. The results demonstrate a cold gasification efficiency of 90% with the product mole fraction of CO and H2 of 0.22 and 0.32, respectively, thereby suggesting the viability and large scale implementation of the system.
Alsina, Roca y el empleo de la Guardia Nacional durante el avance de la frontera. Argentina, 1874-1880
Authors: Codesido Lucas
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo se propone examinar la política militar emprendida durante las gestiones de Adolfo Alsina y Julio Roca al frente del Ministerio de Guerra y Marina. Se exploran las disposiciones oficiales que produce el gobierno nacional en ambos mandatos y las respuestas que generaron en algunos sectores de la oposición política donde se cuestiona la misión encomendada a la Guardia Nacional durante el avance de la frontera entre 1874 y 1880. Se analizan las funciones asociadas con los miembros subalternos de las fuerzas armadas y su relación con la idea de ciudadanía armada a partir del estudio de la movilización de los guardias nacionales llevada a cabo desde la política militar estatal.
Nuevas claves para el estudio de la historia militar argentina. Por una mirada más allá de la «Ley Riccheri»
Authors: Avellaneda Aldo , Quinterno Hugo
Published: August 2021

La «Ley Riccheri», sancionada en diciembre de 1901, ha cumplido la función tácita de un umbral en la historiografía militar en Argentina. Hacia atrás, el “viejo ejército” de las levas y las fronteras. Hacia adelante, el ejército de la conscripción, con pretensión industrialista y moderno. Esto ha llegado incluso a pautar líneas de investigación diferenciadas. Este artículo aspira a poner en discusión este lugar otorgado a los primeros años del siglo y a la legislación citada. Lo hace ubicando la ley en un contexto de larga duración y reponiendo los juicios y percepciones de los propios actores en los primeros años de su implementación. Se otorga especial atención además al programa de organización militar de 1905, y a algunos de sus efectos percibidos para los días del Centenario.
Mujeres en la toma de la Cervecería Córdoba. Experiencia de resistencia al neoliberalismo en los noventa
Authors: Boccetti Fatima
Published: August 2021

El siguiente trabajo pretende una aproximación a la experiencia femenina durante el recrudecimiento neoliberal en Córdoba hacía finales de la década del 90. A partir de la historia reciente y la historia oral, mediante el testimonio de una de las mujeres que luchó junto a los trabajadores de la Cervecería Córdoba, busca entender desde una perspectiva de género a las acciones colectivas en clave de politización y repolitización de las mujeres que desarrollaron sus prácticas y acciones en los márgenes del circuito doméstico en un contexto fuertemente convulsionado, cuyo objetivo no residía sólo en expresarse sino transformar la realidad.
Gonzalo Bulnes y su Guerra del Pacífico (1911-1919): historiografía, nacionalismo y usos públicos del pasado en Chile
Authors: Cid Gabriel
Published: August 2021

Este artículo examina la obra del historiador Gonzalo Bulnes, Guerra del Pacífico (1911-1919) y los usos nacionalistas del pasado en Chile a inicios del siglo XX. Mediante un análisis del contexto de producción y circulación de la obra, se abordan el impacto del libro en la opinión pública, los usos políticos y diplomáticos de los que fue objeto el trabajo y cómo Guerra del Pacífico y su argumento se constituyó en un insumo importante para el discurso nacionalista que conceptualizó al conflicto de 1879 como el momento de apogeo de la grandeza nacional en contraposición a la decadencia del presente.
Los usos de los historiadores: la coloradización de Blas Garay
Authors: Gómez Bárbara
Published: August 2021

Este artículo analiza como la figura del historiador Blas Garay sufrió un proceso de coloradización entre 1940 y 1970, siendo transformado en un referente intelectual del partido Colorado del Paraguay. Las alusiones a su “coloradismo” se inician en 1942 con Natalicio González y en la década del 70 con el Instituto Colorado de Cultura. Los relatos sostienen que Garay elaboró el ideario político que los hombres del siglo XX estaban concretando en su gestión política, identificó el sentido de la historia nacional que culminaba con el partido colorado como gobierno y creó la doctrina histórica del revisionismo nacionalista.
Entre cruzadas y mesianismos. Alfredo Stroessner, Francisco Franco y la legitimación histórica
Authors: Sanson Corbo Tomás
Published: August 2021

La utilización de la Historia para convalidar gobiernos autoritarios es un asunto que ha tenido múltiples abordajes. No son comunes, en cambio, investigaciones sobre los relatos de carácter pretérito elaborados por los propios autócratas. El objetivo de este artículo es “escuchar” la “voz de los dictadores” para  revisar sus interpretaciones históricas e identificar las estrategias utilizadas para hacerlas funcionales a sus intereses. Se propone un análisis comparado de textos de Francisco Franco (España, 1939-1975) y Alfredo Stroessner (Paraguay, 1954-1989) referidos a la h(H)istoria. Se trata de dos casos razonablemente parangonables cuyo examen permite establecer ciertas regularidades.
Historiografía, cooperación internacional y solidaridad americana. El II Congreso Internacional de Historia de América y el rol de la historia en la construcción de una identidad continental
Authors: Rodríguez Martha
Published: August 2021

Es harto frecuente vincular el proceso de construcción de los estados nacionales y su necesidad de generar identidades de carácter nacional con la progresiva constitución de un campo historiográfico. En ambos los historiadores cumplían un rol central, como garantes de una historia científica pero también como usina y transmisores de relatos identitarios.

La dimensión centralmente nacional de esta empresa historiográfica convivió con esfuerzos y voluntades de trascenderla, aun cuando el fondo identitario perviviera en las motivaciones. En la Argentina de los años ‘20 y ‘30, fue evidente el esfuerzo de sus más conspicuos representantes por estimular investigaciones y docencia que abrieran los marcos nacionales a los confines continentales. Esta operación fue entendida no solo como un aporte al conocimiento histórico, sino más allá de cuestiones estrictamente disciplinares, como una faceta de la cooperación entre estados. Y es en este sentido que puede pensarse como un instrumento de política internacional.

En esta presentación nos proponemos analizar el II Congreso Internacional de Historia de América desarrollado en Buenos Aires en 1937. Organizado por la Junta de Historia y Numismática Americana como parte de los festejos por el Cuarto Centenario de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, el evento desbordó el mundo académico para conjugar también diplomacia y política. En su seno se presentaron argumentos que, más allá de su pertinencia historiográfica o la calidad de las investigaciones que los sustentaban, reforzaron ciertos sentidos sobre la identidad americana, la cooperación internacional, y especialmente, sobre la función de los historiadores y su saber en esos procesos.
La Revista de América como vínculo de la cultura letrada latinoamericana: contexto y usos del pasado en el desarrollo de la idea de América Latina
Authors: Navarro Sánchez Perla Itzamná , Betancourt Mendieta Alexander
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza la influencia que tuvo la cultura letrada en la fundación y formación de la Revista de América que dirigió Germán Arciniegas. La Revista de América surgió como un medio para reflexionar sobre el subcontinente como conjunto y su papel en el mundo después de los conflictos bélicos mundiales. Los contenidos de la Revista trazaron ideas para tomar decisiones sobre lo que América Latina representaba como continente y su relación con el resto del mundo en la coyuntura de la posguerra.
Report: Status of Legal Recognition of Indigenous Peoples’, Local Communities’ and Afro-descendant Peoples’ Rights to Carbon Stored in Tropical Lands and Forests
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative,   McGill University
Published: August 2021

This study reviews the status of the legal recognition of the rights of Indigenous Peoples, local communities, and Afro-descendant Peoples to the carbon in their lands and territories across 31 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Together, these countries hold almost 70 percent of the world’s tropical forests and represent at least 62 percent of the total feasible natural climate solution potential, and thus the bulk of nature-based emissions reductions and carbon offset opportunities in tropical and subtropical forest countries.
[Portuguese] Estado de Reconhecimento Legal dos Direitos dos Povos Indígenas, das Comunidades Locais e dos Povos Afrodescendentes ao Carbono Armazenado em Territórios e Florestas Tropicais
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative,   McGill University
Published: August 2021

Esta análise mostra que a grande maioria dos países com florestas tropicais que procuram se beneficiar dos mercados internacionais de carbono florestal ainda não definiu na lei e na prática os direitos dos Povos Indígenas, comunidades locais e Povos Afrodescendentes sobre o carbono em suas terras e territórios consuetudinários.
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for corticosteroid-induced deltoid myopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report
Authors: Bayram Serkan , Erşen Ali
Published: August 2021

A 50-year-old woman who had been previously diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus consulted our clinic for pain and weakness in her right shoulder. On examination, she had an atrophied deltoid muscle, a painful right shoulder on movement, and a tender mass in the deltoid area. The patient was diagnosed with corticosteroid-induced deltoid myopathy, shoulder pain, and loss of range of motion that did not resolve with conservative treatment. We decided to perform reverse shoulder arthroplasty. No complications were observed at the last follow-up visit at 3 years postoperative. Unlike deltoid insufficiency that results from axillary nerve injury, deltoid myopathy due to corticosteroid use contains intact fibers,. Therefore, we increased the effectivity of the remaining deltoid fibers by extending the moment arm of the anterior fibers using reverse shoulder arthroplasty and achieved reliable improvements in clinical symptoms and function without increasing the risk of dislocation.
The Construction of Social Practice Appraisal Mechanism for Graduate Students
Authors: Dai Guiyu , Zhou Feng , Zhang Xinya , Li Shumin
Published: August 2021

As a chief pillar of higher education and technological innovation, universities have been enhancing national innovative capacity and promoting the social and economic development of the nation. Graduate education is an important channel of nurturing high-level talents, of which the cultivation of graduate students' practical ability is at the core. However, there are still some problems existing in the social practice appraisal mechanism for graduate students in most Chinese universities, such as the limited assessment scope, overgeneralized standards, inefficient communication during the social practice process and imperfect incentive mechanism. These deficiencies have made negative impacts on the effectiveness of the assessment of graduate students’ practical ability, the quality of graduate students’ practice, and the enthusiasm of graduate students involving in social practice. In order to promote the present social practice appraisal mechanism for graduate students, this paper attempts to construct a new graduate student appraisal system through the use of OKR (Objectives and Key Results) management approach and a more comprehensive incentive mechanism, in the hope of contributing to the improvement of the whole graduate student social practice evaluation mechanism.
The Portrait of Tadeusz Różewicz’s Mother
Authors: Szkudlarek Ewa
Published: August 2021

Using a variety of sources – photographs, poems, fragments of a diary and family memories
– in his collection of short stories The Mother Departs Tadeusz Różewicz presents a complex portrait
of his mother as a young girl, a caring mother, a mature woman and a dying old woman.
The image of his mother, memorized and documented through a range literary means, emerges
as a version of the myth of Magna Mater. The poet also tries to imagine his mother after death,
whether she is a decomposing corpse under the ground or a spirit in the land of the dead.
The stories can be treated as a literary attempt at dealing with profound grief and going through
mourning. It is not only the grief and mourning of the writer but also of the reader who shares
a similar experience. The memories gathered in the collection The Mother Departs have a therapeutic
signifi cance, they enable liberation from trauma and constitute a frame for an eternal portrait
of the mother. It is art that provides the possibility of preserving something for posterity and of immortalizing
people and their work.
Effects of feeding starch sugar by-products on in situ rumen disappearance rate, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of late finishing Hanwoo steers
Authors: Choi Yongjun , Park Geetae , Kang Hyokon , Ahn Jiyeon , Lee Eunchae , Na Youngjun , Lee Sangrak
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of feeding starch sugar by-products (SSBs) on in situ disappearance rate, performance, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers in the late finishing stage.Methods: To determine the in situ disappearance rate, nylon bags filled with 5 g of SSB were inserted into the ventral sac of two cannulated Holsteins cows and incubated for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h. A total of 30 Hanwoo steers were fed the experimental diets, which were basal diet (control) and 7% SSB on an as-fed basis (4.35% dry matter [DM]), formulated according to requirements of the Korean Feeding Standard for Hanwoo. The experiment was conducted over 80 days using a completely randomized block design.Results: Soluble fraction a of DM and organic matter (OM) was 44.20% and 64.60% DM, fraction b was 23.00% and 19.40% DM, and c values (the rate of degradation of fraction b) were 0.04 and 0.04/h, respectively. The effective degradability of DM at rumen solid outflow rates of 0.02, 0.05, and 0.08/h was 59.83, 54.75, and 52.16, respectively, and for OM was 77.78, 73.52, and 71.34, respectively. Initial and final body weight, average daily gain, DM intake, and gain:feed did not differ significantly between control and SSB groups during the entire experimental period. Carcass traits of Hanwoo steers with SSB supplementation were not significantly different between treatments except for dressing percentage, which was greater with SSB treatment. The content of saturated fatty acid (SFA) was greater and that of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) was lower in the SSB group than in the control group. The ratio of UFA to SFA was significantly lower in the SSB group than in the control group.Conclusion: A total mixed ration containing less than 4.0% DM of SSBs can be used in Hanwoo steers without a decrease in productivity and carcass traits.
Use of Circulating Tumor DNA for the Clinical Management of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter, Real-World Study
Authors: Dong Baijun , Fan Liancheng , Yang Bin , Chen Wei , Li Yonghong , Wu Kaijie , Zhang Fengbo , Dong Haiying , Cheng Huihua , Pan Jiahua , Zhu Yinjie , Chi Chenfei , Dong Liang , Sha Jianjun , Li Lei , Yao Xudong , Xue Wei
Published: August 2021

Background: This study aimed to describe the aberrations of DNA damage repair genes and other important driving genes in Chinese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using circulating tumor (ctDNA) sequencing and to evaluate the associations between the clinical outcomes of multiple therapies and key genomic alterations in mCRPC, especially DNA damage repair genes. Patients and Methods: A total of 292 Chinese patients with mCRPC enrolled from 8 centers. Multigene targeted sequencing was performed on 306 ctDNA samples and 23 matched tumor biopsies. The frequency of genomic alterations were compared with the Stand Up to Cancer–Prostate Cancer Foundation (SU2C-PCF) cohort. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) following standard systemic treatments for mCRPC. Cox regression analyses were performed to determine prognostic factors associated with PFS resulting from treatments for mCRPC. Results: In total, 33 of 36 (91.7%) mutations were found consistently between ctDNA and paired biopsy samples. The most common recurrent genomic alterations were found in AR (34.6%), TP53 (19.5%), CDK12 (15.4%), BRCA2 (13%), and RB1 (5.8%). The frequency of CDK12 alterations (15.4%) in our cohort was significantly higher than that in Western populations (5%–7%). AR amplification and TP53 and/or RB1 alterations were associated with resistance to abiraterone or docetaxel. Patients with a CDK12 defect showed rapid disease progression after abiraterone treatment. However, the clinical outcome after docetaxel treatment was similar between patients with and without CDK12 defects. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, a CDK12 defect was significantly associated with inferior PFS after abiraterone treatment. Patients with a BRCA2 defect showed marked response to both PARP inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our study explored the genomic landscape of Chinese patients with mCRPC at different treatment stages using minimally invasive methods and evaluated the clinical implications of the driver genomic alterations on patients’ response to the most widely used therapies for mCRPC. We observed a significantly higher alteration frequency of CDK12 in our cohort compared with the SU2C-PCF cohort.
Impact of the First Generation of Children’s Oncology Group Clinical Trials on Clinical Practice for Wilms Tumor
Authors: Dome Jeffrey S. , Mullen Elizabeth A. , Dix David B. , Gratias Eric J. , Ehrlich Peter F. , Daw Najat C. , Geller James I. , Chintagumpala Murali , Khanna Geetika , Kalapurakal John A. , Renfro Lindsay A. , Perlman Elizabeth J. , Grundy Paul E. , Fernandez Conrad V.
Published: August 2021

Refinements in surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy since the mid-20th century have resulted in a survival rate exceeding 90% for patients with Wilms tumor (WT). Although this figure is remarkable, a significant proportion of patients continue to have event-free survival (EFS) estimates of <75%, and nearly 25% of survivors experience severe chronic medical conditions. The first-generation Children’s Oncology Group (COG) renal tumor trials (AREN ‘0’), which opened to enrollment in 2006, focused on augmenting treatment regimens for WT subgroups with predicted EFS <75% to 80%, including those with the adverse prognostic marker of combined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p/16q, pulmonary metastasis with incomplete lung nodule response after 6 weeks of chemotherapy, bilateral disease, and anaplastic histology. Conversely, therapy was reduced for patient subgroups with good outcomes and potential for long-term toxicity, such as those with lung metastasis with complete lung nodule response after 6 weeks of chemotherapy. This article summarizes the key findings of the first-generation COG renal tumor studies and their implications for clinical practice.
Fænomenologi og antropocentrisme
Authors: Knudsen Nicolai Krejberg
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY: This article poses the question: Is phenomenology anthropocentric? In the first half, I show that both Husserl’s and Heidegger’s philosophy take their point departure in the relation between the human being and the world, but that they both also argue that their respective analysis transcends the horizon of anthropology by inquiring into meaning or being as such. I then distinguish between ontological, epistemological, and ethical anthropocentrism and argue that these forms of anthropocentrism do not necessarily imply each other. In the next half, I focus on Heidegger’s analysis of the animal. I argue that Heidegger’s philosophy is ontologically anthropocentric but neither epistemologically nor ethically anthropocentric. In opposition to posthumanism, my thesis is that the particular kind of ontological anthropocentrism that characterise Heidegger and phenomenology is a presupposition rather than an obstacle for the capacity for understanding and caring for other creatures. I call this position anthropoeccentrism.

RESUME: Denne artikel stiller spørgsmålet: Er fænomenologien antropocentrisk? I den første halvdel viser jeg, at både Husserls og Heideggers filosofi ganske vist tager udgangspunkt i menneskets forhold til verden, men at de begge mener, at deres respektive analyser overskrider antropologiens spørgehorisont ved at spørge om mening eller væren som sådan. Dernæst skelner jeg mellem ontologisk, epistemologisk, og etisk antropocentrisme og argumenterer for, at disse former for antropocentrisme ikke nødvendigvis følger af hinanden. I den næste halvdel fokuserer jeg på Heideggers analyse af dyret. Jeg argumenterer for, at Heideggers filosofi er ontologisk antropocentrisk, men hverken epistemologisk eller etisk antropocentrisk. I modsætning til posthumanismen er min tese, at den særlige form for ontologisk antropocentrisme, der kendetegner Heidegger og fænomenologien, er en forudsætning snarere end en forhindring for evnen til at kunne forstå og drage omsorg for andre væsner. Denne position kalder jeg for antropoexcentrisme.
Anmeldelser
Authors: Mauritsen Anne Lundahl , Poulsen Frederik , Borup Jørn
Published: August 2021

Annmeldelser til RvT 71:

Erika Wallander: Unity, Division and the Religious Mainstream in Sweden (Anne Lundahl Mauritsen)

Tero Alstola: Judeans in Babylonia: A Study of Deportees in the Sixth and Fifth Centuries BCE (Frederik Poulsen)

Iselin Frydenlund & Michael Jerryson: Buddhist-Muslim Relations in a Theravada World (Jørn Borup)