bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O direito à informação sobre a toxicidade dos nanoalimentos. Doi: 10.5020/23172150.2012.p.672-698
Authors: Aldrovandi Andréa , Engelmann Wilson
Published: February 2023

Materiais diversos, biológicos ou não, podem ser desmembrados e divididos em escala de um a cem bilionésimos de um metro: a chamada nanoescala. Nanopartículas engenheiradas, ou seja, propositalmente geradas pelo homem, podem ser aplicadas em produtos de natureza alimentar ou que entram em contato com bebidas e alimentos para consumo voluntário ou involuntário. Substâncias na escala nano produzem efeitos distintos de substâncias em tamanho normal, e os riscos que podem ser provocados pelas nanopartículas ainda não são seguramente conhecidos. São várias as rotas de exposição: inalação, absorção cutânea e ingestão são alguns exemplos. Apesar da falta de informação segura, os nanoalimentos já estão sendo comercializados. Só os benefícios são divulgados. A falta de informação sobre os riscos impede o consumidor de fazer uma escolha livre e consciente pela utilização dos produtos, numa evidente violação ao direito de informação. A informação inadequada e insuficiente sobre os riscos do produto gera a inevitável responsabilização do fornecedor que omite os riscos, pois, ao agir dessa forma, acaba garantindo a segurança do produto comercializado. Assim, este artigo tem o objetivo de ressaltar o direito à informação do consumidor sobre a toxicidade dos nanoalimentos e o dever do fabricante de esclarecer o consumidor sobre possíveis riscos do consumo de produtos desenvolvidos com nanotecnologia.
A extrafiscalidade tributária como mecanismo de concretização do direito fundamental à educação. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2011.v16n2p678
Authors: Mendonça Maria Lírida Calou de Araújo e , Almeida Saulo Nunes de Carvalho
Published: February 2023

Os direitos fundamentais são aqueles reconhecidos pelo legislador constituinte e positivados na Lei Maior, necessários para que todos os homens possam alcançar os patamares mínimos de uma vida digna. Portanto, correspondem a direitos inerentes à dignidade da pessoa humana. Entre tais direitos repousa, certamente, o direito à educação, previsto, expressamente, em diversos dispositivos de nossa Carta Política. Nesse passo, o presente estudo se propõe a analisar os aspectos inerentes a uma política pública pautada na função extrafiscal dos tributos, aprofundando o estudo de suas principais espécies presentes em nosso Ordenamento Jurídico, defendendo a necessidade do reconhecimento dessa função dos tributos como um importante instrumento de transformação social, que poderá possibilitar o alcance de um novo nível de efetivação dos Direitos Fundamentais, o que resultará na concretização do direito à educação.
Derecho societario del grupo empresarial: aspectos del mismo en los ordenamientos español y brasileño. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2006.v11n1p07
Authors: Represa Marcos Sacristán
Published: February 2023

El objetivo del trabajo es seleccionar algunos temas importantes del tratamiento del los grupos desde la perspectiva concreta del Derecho societario para exponer y valorar la situación de los ordenamientos Español y brasileño sobre el fondo del desarrollo general de ese sector del derecho de grupos en el conjunto de ese mundo “globalizado”.
Um debate abolicionista brasileiro: emilia viotti da costa e o discurso da igualdade. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2011.v16n2p705
Authors: Lima Martonio Mont’Alverne Barreto , Queiroz Paulo Roberto Clementino
Published: February 2023

O trabalho ora submetido à apreciação da comunidade acadêmica e ao público em geral buscou atingir dois objetivos muito claros: demonstrar a existência de um pensamento constitucional brasileiro original e que tal pensamento, além de original, antecipou muito do que existe hoje na atual Constituição Federal brasileira. Buscou-se fundamento para a referida avaliação em obra da historiadora Emilia Viotti da Costa, Da senzala à colônia, escrito que retrata o contexto e os debates políticos e jurídicos em torno da abolição da escravidão no Brasil. A opção por esse trabalho considerou não apenas a afinidade ideológica com a autora, mas, sobretudo, por sua metodologia que prioriza a consulta a fontes primárias de pesquisa. Após breve apresentação da historiadora em questão e de sua obra, bem como do ensejo histórico referente à abolição, foram destacados como valores constitucionais que mais mereciam estudo os argumentos então utilizados acerca da igualdade, liberdade e direito de propriedade; a consulta popular e o embate entre os defensores do direito natural e do direito positivo. Constatou-se, ao final, a presença de elementos germinais de valores constitucionais contemporâneos já naquele momento, refletindo o debate estrangeiro sobre o mesmo assunto, mas não se limitando a reproduzi-lo fielmente.
Teorias da justiça e teorias da autoridade no contexto do controle de constitucionalidade: alguns apontamentos a partir de John Rawls e Jeremy Waldron. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2014.v19n1p71
Authors: Araújo Eduardo Borges , Salgado Eneida Desiree
Published: February 2023

As mais conhecidas teorias sobre a revisão judicial fundamentam-se em argumentos substantivos. Para Ronald Dworkin, a legitimidade da Corte reside na busca pelos magistrados da única resposta correta, aquela apta a promover filiação moral entre os membros da comunidade política. John Hart Ely, ainda que preocupado em restringir o escopo do instituto, atribui à revisão judicial a promoção dos canais de expressão e mobilização dos projetos coletivos, defendendo que, para tal tarefa, a Corte encontra-se mais propícia a encontrar as respostas corretas. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem duas principais preocupações: primeiro, colocar em questão a possível existência de respostas corretas a controvérsias sobre princípios de justiça e, depois, avaliar suas implicações ao instituto da revisão judicial. Para tanto, serão imprescindíveis as contribuições no campo da filosofia política e da filosofia jurídica de John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin e, sobretudo, Jeremy Waldron. Ao fim, a partir da distinção entre teoria da justiça e teoria da autoridade, chega-se à conclusão de que a revisão judicial é apenas um procedimento decisório dentre os inúmeros possíveis.
Paridad y cuotas electorales en Europa. DOI: 10.5020/2317-2150.2013.v18n1p72
Authors: Souza Cristiane Aquino de
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo realiza un análisis del proceso de adopción de cuotas electorales legales de género en algunos países de Europa. El objetivo de la investigación ha sido comprender el contexto en el cual se han desarrollado las modificaciones legales, constitucionales o jurisprudenciales que han favorecido la adopción y aplicación de las cuotas y de la paridad. Por otro lado, se ha analizado la eficacia de estas medidas en los países europeos estudiados.
The Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet (or the Virtual Times of a Postmodern Law). Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2015.v20n3p746
Authors: Therrien Cristiano , Trudel Pierre
Published: February 2023

The paper presents a critical perspective about the article “Le temps virtuel des lois postmodernes ou comment le droit se traite dans la société de l’information” (“The Virtual Time of Postmodern Laws, or How the Law is Processed in the Information Society”), published by the philosopher and jurist François Ost, with the purpose of conducting a case study through the Brazilian law “Marco Civil da Internet” (“Civil Rights Framework for the Internet”). The article analyzes the profound changes in the way the law came to be produced and interpreted, in the passage from the forms of writing and printing based on paper to the forms of text processing and communication based on computers and networks. The law known as "Marco Civil da Internet" (Law 12,965 / 2014) was used here as a validity test of the main elements of the text under examination, by means of illustrations and references published by the international media, especially after the diplomatic incidents arising from the revelations of the electronic monitoring of international telecommunications, conducted by the National Agency of Security (NSA) of the United States of America. The study concludes that Ost’s article, published even before the Internet massification, can be considered as a premonitory insight about the changes in the operation and reproduction of law in the postmodern society, in which the hierarchical and pyramidal understanding of law moves to a distributed and networked understanding and production of law. It also concludes that the paradigmatic law "Marco Civil da Internet" validates the propositions of the vanguardist article, by meeting the postmodern characteristics of a law as a network. Finally, it presents relations between the model of word processing of law and risk as deployments of the transformations that law is undergoing in the postmodern society.
A iniciativa popular e o projeto de lei 4718 2004: entraves à sua efetivação. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2005.v10n1p90
Authors: Jucá Roberta Laena Costa
Published: February 2023

Pretende-se confrontar a teoria rousseauniana e os dispositivos constitucionais acerca da participação do povo na vontade política do Estado com o projeto de lei, elaborado pela Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil, que regulamenta o instituto da iniciativa popular. Para tanto, faz-se uma análise da relação existente entre os poderes Executivo e Legislativo brasileiros para, ao final, demonstrar de que modo os vícios do processo legislativo pátrio influenciam na efetividade da norma que dispõe sobre a iniciativa popular.
Acesso à justiça; direito a uma decisão fundada no ordenamento jurídico. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2007.v12.ed.esp.p92
Authors: Rocha José de Albuquerque
Published: February 2023

O tratamento formalista do acesso à justiça tem sido substituído pela discussão dos seus elementos materiais e da superação dos obstáculos epistemológicos, políticos e organizacionais. Neste sentido o direito a uma decisão judicial implica não somente o direito a uma decisão fundamentada, mas também a necessidade de organização democrática do judiciário, de modo a destacar a funcional constitucional reservada aos direitos fundamentais e dar tratamento adequado aos conflitos existentes.
O direito dos índios à terra e a mineração em áreas de ocupação indígena. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2007.v12.ed.esp.p95
Authors: Menezes Joyceane Bezerra de
Published: February 2023

O direito dos índios à terra é um direito originário reconhecido pela Constituição de 1988 tal como fez o antigo Alvará Régio de 1680, ao instituir a figura do indigenato. A posse indígena tem peculiaridades constitucionais, vez que os seus critérios são compreendidos à luz dos usos, costumes e tradições da comunidade indígena ocupante. Como forma de ampliar a proteção constitucional dos direitos dos índios à terra, a propriedade da terra tradicionalmente ocupada é da União Federal, embora nem mesmo esta possa esbulhar posse indígena. Cabe exclusivamente aos índios a exploração dos recursos naturais encontrados no solo, nos rios e nos lagos

existentes na área ocupada. Quanto à exploração dos recursos minerais em solo e subsolo de área indígena, a Constituição impõe restrições adicionais não aplicáveis às áreas não indígenas. Além dos procedimentos exigidos para a área comum, a Constituição determina que a exploração do subsolo em área indígena seja aprovada anteriormente pelo Congresso Nacional.
Aspectos constitucionais da integração sul-americana –- as políticas e estratégias nos governos FHC, Lula e a ALBA. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2009.v14n1p173
Authors: Sant’Anna Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro
Published: February 2023

O processo de integração sul-americana vem passando por um momento de dúvidas e desafios, que tem motivado diversos debates acalorados sobre o seu futuro. No presente artigo analisam-se as dificuldades para o processo de integração, as mudanças na posição do Brasil ao longo dos governos Lula e FHC e perspectivas abertas para o futuro. Com base nas questões tratadas, conclui-se que o atual governo implementou medidas mais concretas para a integração sul-americana, diversificação dos mercados para os nossos produtos, além de estabelecer uma liderança junto a organismos internacionais. Entretanto, o Brasil deve ter um papel mais relevante no cenário internacional, não somente para a defesa dos seus interesses, mas também para promover um equilíbrio mais justo, nas relações entre os povos.
C’EST grave docteur ? À propos du caractère « schizophrénique » de la notion de « dignité humaine ». DOI:10.5020/2317-2150.2013.v18n1p98
Authors: Bottini Fabien
Published: February 2023

Mère de toutes les libertés pour les uns, prétexte aux mesures les plus liberticides pour les autres, la dignité humaine serait tantôt un droit opposable à autrui (État ou particulier) et tantôt un droit opposé à soi-même, car tantôt un droit subjectif bénéficiant individuellement à chacun en tant qu’être humain et tantôt une obligation objective pesant collectivement sur chaque membre de l’espèce humaine. Le concept semble ainsi souffrir de schizophrénie, affection grave s’il en est tant elle peut être à l’origine de bien des malheurs. Mais cette dualité de fonctions est-elle aussi intrinsèquement liée à la notion qu’il n’y parait? Tout dépend de la conception du droit que l’on retient. Car autant les approches jusnaturaliste classique et positiviste juridique permettent d’accréditer cette idée, autant les conceptions jusnaturaliste moderne et positiviste sociologique conduisent à la rejeter. Leur confrontation est ainsi riche d’enseignements. Non seulement elle renseigne sur l’évolution du regard que l’homme a porté sur lui à travers l’histoire, mais elle révèle l’une de ces luttes dialectiques qui animent le droit positif contemporain. Tout se passe en effet comme si les dépositaires du pouvoir empruntaient via le positivisme juridique à la conception jusnaturaliste classique l’idée que des « instances supérieures » peuvent limiter le pouvoir d’autodétermination des individus sur eux-mêmes. A l’inverse, l’opinion publique semble au contraire retenir de la conception jusnaturaliste moderne l’idée qu’il revient à chacun de déterminer en raison ce que commande la notion, pour en faire collectivement une garantie efficace, non plus seulement de sa seule liberté autonomie, mais de façon plus générale de ses droits et libertés les plus essentiels.
Direitos fundamentais e controle judicial. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2014.v19n1p99
Authors: Barboza Estefânia Maria de Queiroz , Kotinda Thierry Chozem Zamboni
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo instiga o estudo acerca dos fundamentos legitimadores do controle judicial de políticas públicas, visto a partir do surgimento dos direitos fundamentais, do Estado de Direito, com os fundamentos liberais para o controle da administração pública e, especialmente, os limites do controle externo realizado pelo Poder Judiciário, bem como sobre a pretensa constitucionalização do controle judicial de políticas públicas, entendida como a superação da ideologia liberal acerca do papel do Poder Judiciário na efetivação dos direitos fundamentais. Analisa-se, em segundo plano, a necessidade de se repensar a lógica normativa escrita por Montesquieu acerca da separação dos Poderes, objetivando-se ampliar a efetividade dos direitos fundamentais.
TRATAMENTO FARMACOLÓGICO DE HIV/AIDS NO BRASIL E PERSPECTIVAS TERAPÊUTICAS
Authors: Felizardo Beatriz da Silva , Carneiro Pedro Paulo de Faria , Nunes Natiane Pereira , De Castro Yasmin Lucena , De Oliveira Maria Aurea Soares
Published: February 2023

Introdução: O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (HIV) é um retrovírus da família Retroviridae. Esse vírus ao entrar no corpo humano atinge as células de defesa, majoritariamente os linfócitos CD4+. Segundo os dados do UNAIDS de 2020, cerca de 80 milhões de pessoas foram infectadas desde o início de uma pandemia que marca pronunciadamente o final do século XX. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as opções de tratamentos farmacológicos de HIV/AIDS atuais e os novos avanços para o tratamento desta infecção. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica cujas pesquisas foram realizadas a partir de publicações já existentes, fazendo uma análise crítica das mesmas. As buscas foram realizadas em base de dados: Google acadêmico e LILACS. Optou-se pelas três bases de dados com o intuito de obter o maior número possível de informações em publicações científicas. Utilizando palavras-chave como: epidemiologia do HIV, HIV Farmacologia, incidência da Aids. Resultados e discussão: Como amostra final restaram 20 artigos. Após as revisões os resultados mostram que o protocolo de tratamento inicial é composto pelo uso de três antirretrovirais, dois são ITRN/ITRNt (inibidor da transcriptase reversa análogo de nucleosídeo/nucleotídeo) e um de outra classe, podendo ser ITRNN, IP/r ou INI. Desse modo, as opções farmacológicas utilizadas atualmente são, tenofovir, lamivudina e dolutegravir. Atualmente encontra-se programas de tratamento atingindo boa parte da população infectada pelo HIV, com reflexos claros sobre a morbimortalidade. A introdução de novos métodos de prevenção, a perspectiva de vacinas, novas e melhores drogas antirretrovirais e mesmo os avanços graduais em direção à erradicação da infecção. Conclusão: Nesse trabalho, através das pesquisas, concluímos que a terapia combinada é de grande eficácia possibilitando uma maior qualidade de vida para os PVHIV. Logo, faz-se necessário a adesão correta ao tratamento dos antirretrovirais. No entanto, houve dificuldades em encontrar estudos atualizados e esquemas terapêuticos do HIV que pudessem ser utilizados para o tratamento, visando agregar e aprofundar conhecimento acerca dessa temática.
DOENÇA DO DISCO INTERVERTEBRAL EM CÃES
Authors: Brito Jhade Mendes , Prado Beatriz Nepomuceno
Published: February 2023

Introdução: A doença do disco intervertebral é uma síndrome neurológica que acomete o sistema nervoso de cães e, consequentemente, pode afetar sua qualidade de vida. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a doença do disco intervertebral em cães através de uma revisão bibliográfica, destacando os aspectos gerais da doença, bem como a etiologia da doença e sua fisiopatologia, sintomatologia clínica, seu diagnóstico e tratamento. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo bibliográfico, desenvolvido através de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, incluindo livros físicos, relatos de casos, estudos experimentais e monografias que possuíam informações sobre a doença do disco intervertebral e suas características clínicas. Resultados e discussão: A doença do disco intervertebral vem sendo investigada quanto às suas diferentes causas, entretanto, fatores genéticos, físicos e relativos à qualidade de vida do animal, aparentam estar correlacionados com a essa discopatia. A manifestação dos sinais clínicos podem ocorrer conforme o local e gravidade da lesão em consequência da extrusão ou protrusão do disco intervertebral. O diagnóstico da doença se dá principalmente por anamnese, histórico, exame físico, exame neurológico e os exames de imagem. A escolha do tratamento adequado é dependente do grau de disfunção neurológica apresentado pelo paciente. Conclusão: A doença do disco intervertebral tem sido frequentemente relatada na rotina clínica neurológica de médicos veterinários, portanto, conhecer suas características, diferentes classificações e meios de diagnóstico, torna-se essencial para facilitar a compreensão da doença e proporcionar melhores opções de tratamentos para os pacientes acometidos.
Accidental Self-injection of Xylazine During Work: A Rare Case
Authors: Ganapathy Ganesh Kumar , Dharmalingam T. Kumaravadivel , Sathival Mugunthan M.
Published: February 2023

Xylazine is an alpha-2agonist often used as a sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxant agent in animals. Xylazine was not accepted by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human use due to hazardous side effect such as hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression and coma. This is a rare case report of a 64-year-old farmer who accidentally injected himself with Xylazine which was supposed to be given to a fractious cow. He developed altered conscious level, hypotension, bradycardia and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Fortunately, he recovered and was discharged home after three days. This occurred due to improper handling of Xylazine without standard operating procedures. Xylazine is regulated for animal use only. Therefore, effects of Xylazine toxicity in human must be emphasized for awareness on proper handling as well as for right management of its poisoning incident in future.
Factors associated with development of an acute ischemic event during hospitalization for COVID-19 in cancer and non-cancer patients
Authors: Onder Arif Hakan , Keskin Aysegul Seremet , Onder Kubra Demir , Kizilates Filiz , Heybeli Cihan
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 and solid cancer are both associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism.

OBJECTIVES:

Assess whether solid cancer is a risk factor for acute ischemic event development among patients with COVID-19.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort

SETTING:

A tertiary training and research hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 for ≥3 days between 15 March 2020 and 30 March 2021 at Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkiye. were included in the study. Independent predictors of the development of acute ischemic events during hospitalization were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Risk factors for acute ischemic event development.

SAMPLE SIZE:

538 patients.

RESULTS:

Patients diagnosed with solid cancer comprised 11.3% of the cohort (n=61). Forty-one (7.6%) developed an acute ischemic event at a median of 3 (range, 1-15) days after hospitalization. The presence of a solid cancer (OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.20-12.03,
P
=.023) along with length of hospital stay (OR 1.05 per day, 95% CI 1.01-1.09,
P
=.025) were independent predictors of acute ischemic event development during the course of COVID-19. Mortality was reported in 200 (37%) patients at a median of 5 (range, 3-10) days after hospitalization. The presence of solid tumor increased mortality 5.83 times (95% CI 3.19-10.63,
P
<.001) while this ratio was 4.59 (95% CI 2.29-9.23,
P
<.001) for patients who experienced an acute ischemic event.

CONCLUSION:

Patients with active cancer carry a significant risk for acute ischemic event development during the course of COVID-19 and such patients may require particular attention in terms of anticoagulation therapy.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective design and small sample size.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
The combined impact of hyponatremia and hematocrit on the risk for 90-day readmission and death in patients with heart failure: dilutional hyponatremia versus depletional hyponatremia
Authors: Rao Jiahuan , Ma Yusheng , Long Jieni , Tu Yan , Guo Zhigang
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Hyponatremia is common in hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF) and predicts a poor prognosis after discharge. In general, hyponatremia can be divided into two types: dilutional or depletional.

OBJECTIVE:

Assess the impact of hyponatremia type on short-term outcomes.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort

SETTINGS:

Single center in China

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We sorted patients by hyponatremia into two types: dilutional hyponatremia (DiH, with hematocrit <35%) and depletional hyponatremia (DeH, with hematocrit ≥35%). The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to identify the impact of hyponatremia types on the risk for 90-day readmission and death.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

90-day readmission and death combined.

SAMPLE SIZE:

1770 patients.

RESULTS:

Hyponatremia was present in 324/1770 patients with 182 cases classified as DiH versus 142 as DeH. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed a higher incidence of poor short-term outcomes in hyponatremia compared with normonatremia (log-rank
P
<.001), and the risk was higher in DiH than DeH although the difference was not statistically significant (log-rank
P
=.656). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that only DiH was independently associated with short-term outcomes (HR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.02-1.77,
P
=.038), but not DeH (HR=1.32, 95%CI: 0.97-1.80,
P
=.081). Analysis of the secondary endpoints showed that DiH increased the risk of readmission but not death (HR=1.36,
P
=.035 for readmission; HR=1.13,
P
=.831 for all-cause death).

CONCLUSIONS:

Low hematocrit, rather than high hematocrit, with hyponatremia was associated with a risk of 90-day readmission in patients with HF.

LIMITATIONS:

Single center, nonrandomized.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Dependence of clinical outcomes on time of hospital admission in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Ozbek Mehmet , Ildirimli Kamran , Arik Baran , Aktan Adem , Coskun Mehmet Sait , Evsen Ali , Guzel Tuncay , Acet Halit , Demira Muhammed
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

There are conflicting results in studies investigating the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during or outside of usual hospital working hours. While some researchers have reported higher mortality rates in STEMI patients admitted outside of working hours, others did not find a statistically significant difference.

OBJECTIVES:

Investigate the short-term endpoints and long-term outcomes of STEMI patients by time of admission.

DESIGN:

Retrospective

SETTING:

Tertiary percutaneous coronary intervention center.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients were grouped by admission, which consisted of four intervals: 06:00 to <12:00, 12:00 to <18:00, 18:00 to <24:00, and 24:00 to <06:00. We analyzed demographic, clinical and mortality by admission time interval and mortality by multivariate analyses, including the time intervals.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Clinical data and mortality

SAMPLE SIZE:

735 patients; median (IQR) age 62 (22) years; 215 (29.3%) women.

RESULTS:

Patients admitted at night were 1.37 times more likely to experience pulmonary edema than patients whose symptoms started in the daytime (
P
=.012); 32.9% of the patients whose symptoms started at night presented with Killip class II-IV, while during the daytime, 21.4% presented with Killip class II-IV (
P
=.001). Among the patients, the most common was inferior STEMI (38.6%). However, no-reflow was significantly higher during the daytime compared to the nighttime (
P
=.12). The risk of the cardiac arrest on admission was 1.2 times higher in patients admitted at night (
P
=.034). Neither time interval of admission nor several other variables had an effect on clinical outcome or mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:

While patients admitted at night presented with pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock more frequently, no reflow was observed during the day after the procedure. Although patients admitted at night with STEMI presented with worse clinical conditions, similar results were observed between the groups in clinical outcomes.

LIMITATIONS:

More “real world” results might have been obtained if the study had replicated more typical referral conditions for PCI.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
The relationship between degree of coronary artery stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography and ACEF risk score in patients with chronic coronary syndrome
Authors: Kis Mehmet , Yurdam Ferhat Siyamend
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The ACEF risk score (age, creatinine, and ejection fraction) has been associated with satisfactory predictive values not only for short-term and long-term mortality but also for major adverse cardiovascular events.

OBJECTIVES:

Investigate the relationship between ACEF risk score and degree of coronary artery stenosis.

DESIGN:

Retrospective, observational study.

SETTING:

Tertiary percutaneous coronary intervention center.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

In patients with coronary coronary artery stenosis <70% were compared with patients with stenosis ≥70%. All were diagnosed with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and had undergone coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for the cut-off value of the ACEF risk score. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed for significant parameters related to degree of coronary artery stenosis in coronary CTA.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Relationship between ACEF risk score and degree of coronary artery stenosis in coronary CTA.

SAMPLE SIZE:

148 patients.

RESULTS:

In the multivariable regression analysis; left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.94; 95%CI: 0.89-0.99,
P
=.015) and ACEF risk score (OR: 5.63; 95% CI: 1.62-19.57,
P
=.007) were independent predictors for degree of coronary artery stenosis. The ACEF risk score was statistically significantly higher in with patients with stenosis ≥70% (1.43 [0.59]) than in patients with stenosis <70% (0.98 [0.35]),
P
<.001). An ACEF risk score value >1.04 was a predictor of the presence of severe coronary artery stenosis detected by coronary CTA in patients with CCS, with 66% sensitivity and 69% specificity.

CONCLUSIONS:

A high ACEF risk score (age, creatinine, ejection fraction) in patients with CCS is associated with the presence of severe coronary artery stenosis detected by coronary CTA, and was useful as an assessment tool for coronary angiography in patients with CCS.

LIMITATIONS:

Since we do not have long-term follow-up results, we do not know the prognostic value of the ACEF risk score in the long-term follow-up of patients with CCS.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Efficacy of bedside optic nerve sheath diameter measurement in differentiating provoked seizure from unprovoked seizure in the emergency department
Authors: Yılmaz Fevzi , Sonmez Bedriye Muge , Kavalci Cemil , Arslan Engin Deniz , Caliskan Gulsum , Beydilli Inan
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Emergency departments (EDs) are typically the first medical contact for seizure patients, and early diagnosis and treatment is primarily the responsibility of emergency physicians.

OBJECTIVES:

Demonstrate the efficacy of bedside ocular ultrasonography for optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement in differentiating provoked seizure from unprovoked seizure in the ED.

DESIGN:

Prospective observational study

SETTINGS:

Tertiary care hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients presenting to the ED with seizure were divided into two groups according to medical history, physical examination, laboratory results, cranial computed tomography findings and electroencephalography results. Patients with seizures that did not have a specific cause (unprovoked) were compared with patients who had seizures caused by underlying pathology (provoked). The measurement of the ONSD was taken at the bedside within 30 minutes of arrival. The study compared the ONSD values, age, sex, type of seizure, and Glasgow Coma Score between the two groups.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:

Efficacy of ONSD to distinguish between provoked and unprovoked seizures.

SAMPLE SIZE:

210 patients

RESULTS:

One hundred and fourteen (54.3%) patients were in the provoked seizure group and 96 (45.7%) were in the unprovoked seizure group. The ONSD measurements were significantly higher in the provoked seizure group compared with the unprovoked seizure group (median 6.1 mm vs. 5.2 mm,
P
<.001). The cut-off value of ONSD higher than 5.61 was significantly associated with the prediction of the provoked seizure (
P
<.001). The area under the curve value was 0.882 (95% CI: 0.830-0.922) with a sensitivity of 86.5 and specificity of 78.9%.

CONCLUSIONS:

Bedside ONSD measurement by means of ocular ultrasound is an effective method for differentiating provoked seizure from unprovoked seizure.

LIMITATIONS:

Statistical significance of age on ONSD and exclusion of pediatric patients.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin: a “real-world” experience from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Butt Muhammad Imran , Aljamei Hadeel , Riazuddin Muhammad , AlHaqbani Lamia , Albalwi Roaa , Abothenain Fayha Farraj Mansour , Alagla Nahlah Abdullah Mohammed , Waheed Najeeb
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are new agents for treating type 2 diabetes. In addition to the glycemic benefits, these agents provide cardiorenal protection in patients with diabetes and without diabetes. There is consistent evidence that these agents increase the risk of genitourinary infections and dehydration, but randomized controlled trials have not included patients from the Middle East.

OBJECTIVES:

Determine the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin, specifically whether the genitourinary infection risk differs in our population and whether there is an increased risk of dehydration, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, and hospitalization with fasting.

DESIGN:

Retrospective review of medical records.

SETTINGS:

Department of medicine at tertiary care center.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We reviewed the electronic records of patients with type 2 diabetes who took empagliflozin from 1 December 2018 to 30 November 2019. We collected safety and efficacy data for 12 months from the initiation of treatment.

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:

Glycemic and weight loss efficacy, risk of hospitalization due to hypoglycemia, dehydration, and genitourinary infections.

SAMPLE SIZE:

637 patients.

RESULTS:

We observed an improvement in glycated hemoglobin, a 4.2% weight loss, improved left ventricular function, stable serum creatinine, and reduced albuminuria. Our patients did not have an increased risk of genitourinary infections, hypoglycemia, dehydration, ketoacidosis, or hospitalizations. Fasting did not increase the incidence of adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:

Empagliflozin is safe and effective in our local population. We hypothesize that glycosuria induced by empagliflozin is not the sole contributor to the increased risk of genitourinary infections. Local hygiene and circumcision might reduce this risk. Empagliflozin can be used safely during fasting.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective design.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
A comparison of the perineal and penoscrotal approaches in artificial urinary sphincter implantation for the control of male stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Altaweel Waleed , Almesned Razan , Seyam Raouf
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The two most common surgical approaches to treat stress urinary incontinence in men are the traditional perineal and the new penoscrotal approach for artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation. Each method carries its own advantages and disadvantages. The few reports that compare the approaches have disparate outcomes.

OBJECTIVE:

Compare the outcome of first time AUS implantation by the perineal versus the penoscrotal approach.

DESIGN:

Retrospective study.

SETTING:

Tertiary referral center.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We included all male patients who underwent primary perineal or penoscrotal AUS placement between June 2004 and October 2018 at our tertiary care hospital. Patients were followed at least one year postoperatively.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Rates of dry, infection, erosion, malfunction, atrophy, revision.

SAMPLE SIZE:

44 males who underwent 68 procedures.

RESULTS:

Twenty-five (56.8%) patients underwent a perineal and 19 (43.2%) underwent a penoscrotal approach. The patients had 68 procedures: 36 (52.9%) perineal and 32 (47.1%) penoscrotal approaches. The median (25th-75th percentiles) age at the time of surgery was 61.0 (51.0-68.0) years (n=68 procedures). The median (25th-75th percentiles) operative time was significantly shorter for the penoscrotal approach, 87 (69-140), vs. 93 (72-210) minutes for the perineal approach (
P
=.016). The 44 patients were followed up for a mean (SD) of 52.5 (20.3) months for the 68 procedures. Postoperative complications occurred in 16 (36.36%) patients; 11 (44%) perineal approach patients and 5 (26.3%) penoscrotal. There were no significant differences in complications of infection, erosion, malfunction, or urethral atrophy between the two groups. Only removal/revision was significantly more common with the perineal approach (10 patients perineal and two patients penoscrotal,
P
=.042). At the last follow-up, dryness was comparable among groups.

CONCLUSION:

The outcomes of AUS placement are comparable between perineal and penoscrotal approaches in terms of complications and one year dryness. The penoscrotal approach however has shorter operative time and less need for revision and removal.

LIMITATIONS:

Small sample size, single-center.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
E-PAYMENT SYSTEM (EPS) AND EFFICIENCY OF BANKS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Victor Chukwunweike EHIEDU  , Anastasia Chi-Chi ONUORAH  , Josephine Ofure, CHIEJINA
Published: February 2023

This study examines the effect of e-payment system (EPS) on the efficiency of banks in Nigeria. Specific objectives are to determine the implication of mobile payment, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and POS on the efficiency of Nigerian banks, by collating data Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), from the year 2012 to 2016. A linear regression analysis was used via SPSS to carry out the analysis, at a significance level of 0.05. The result of the analysis obtained a P-Value significance of 0.333 which connotes that there is no discernible effect of EPS on the efficiency of banking in Nigeria. The study recommended that Banks and other financial institutions should intensity efforts in mounting other e-payment channels to promote trade and commerce in Nigeria and the CBN should embark on intensive campaign for complete adoption of e- payments products especially at the grassroots.

Keywords: Electronic, Payment, System, Mobile and Efficiency.
FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT FLOW (FPIF) AND NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE (NSE)
Authors: Okolie, Joseph O.  , Ehiedu, Victor C.
Published: February 2023

This work scrutinized the association linking Foreign Portfolio Investment Flow (FPIF) and Nigerian Stock Exchange NSE) (1981-2022). To accomplish the primary goal, FPIF was represented by Equity Foreign Portfolio Investment (EFPI), Bond Foreign Portfolio Investment (BFPI), Money Market Instrument Foreign Portfolio Investment (MMIFPI), and Nigeria Stock Exchange represented by Total Market Capitalization (TMKTC). An ex-post facto research design was used for this investigation. Data for investigation was primarily secondary data; from NSE reports, CBN statistical Bulletins, World Development Indicators (WDI), and IMF World. After that, the unit root test determined stationarity, and then the Johansen co-integration test examined long run relationship among variables under study. It employed the E-VIEW 9.0 for analysis. The finding revealed that EFPI has positive insignificant effect on TMKTC while BFPI and MMIFPI have positive considerable consequence on TMKTC. Based on these findings, it recommended strong supervisory and regulatory structure to ensure strict compliance with various policies targeted at tracking and controlling indiscriminate capital transmission through EFPI.

Keywords: Foreign Portfolio, Nigerian Stock Exchange, Investment Flow, Security, Marketability, Liquidity Transformation.
Strategi Pengembangan Tarian Tradisional Bedana Palembang sebagai Peningkatan Minat Khusus Daya Tarik Wisata dan Budaya
Authors: Djumrianti Desloehal
Published: February 2023

Tari Bedana Palembang adalah salah satu tarian tradisional yang ditarikan secara berpasangan, tarian ini menarik perhatian dengan irama yang bit dan gerakkan yang lincah menunjukkan rasa gembira para remaja ketika mereka bertemu dengan teman-temannya.  Sehingga studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi Tari Bedana menjadi flashmob dance sebagai atraksi wisata di Sumatera Selatan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Wawancara ditujukan kepada tiga orang informan kunci dan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 64 responden yang diambil secara proportional random sampling. Teknik analisis dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis SWOT untuk mengetahui kekuatan, kelemahan peluang, dan ancaman pada potensi Tari Bedana untuk dijadikan flashmob dance sebagai atraksi wisata di provinsi ini. Hasil menunjukkan bagwa tarian ini berada pada kuadran I dimana posisi yang mendukung strategi agresif (Growth Oriented Strategy) yang memiliki nilai kekuatan lebih besar dari kelemahan dan nilai peluang lebih besar dari ancaman. Hasil analisis SWOT berdasarkan perhitungan total skor tiap indikator pada Matriks IFAS dan EFAS diperoleh nilai kekuatan (strength) 1,88; kelemahan (weakness) 1,1; peluang (opportunity) 1,99; dan ancaman (threats) 1,16. Sehingga strategi yang digunakan adalah S-O, yaitu mempertunjukkan flashmob dance tarian tersebut dalam sebuah event besar atau dalam sebuah festival seni dan festival tari, kerja sama antara Dinas Pariwisata Provinsi maupun Kota Palembang, menentukan  tempat untuk pertunjukkan tarian tersebut, dan sebagainya.
Alcy R. Torres, MD
Authors: Torres Alcy R.
Published: February 2023

Dr Alcy Torres is a pediatric neurologist who specializes in traumatic brain injury. Much of his clinical work takes place around the Pediatric Concussion Program at Boston Medical Center; a multidisciplinary center coordinating care between the Emergency Room, the inpatient and outpatient services but also the common referrals to Physical, Vestibular, Ocular, Speech therapies and Neuropsychology services. His aim is to provide the highest level of care to children and adolescents who have sustained a brain injury by understanding the pathophysiology of the pediatric patient through research and enhancing the health and well-being of patients, minimizing distress, and preventing longer-term difficulties.In order to achieve this goal, he has developed a Standardized Clinical Assessment and Management Plans, now adopted by the Adult Concussion Clinic at Boston University to continuously review individual patient data for areas in our practice that need improvement, thus ensuring that the Brain Injury program always provides the best, most cost-effective care for our patients. Another goal of the center is access to acute and follow-up care, to which end we began developing an open access clinic in 2013 to provide services at Boston Medical Center, our satellites and across different different specialties.
Moringa Leaf Dryer Oven System Using Fuzzy Logic Method
Authors: Fauzan Yusril , Kartika Kartika
Published: February 2023

Moringa trees are often planted as living fences and along rice fields or paddy fields, and they also function as green plants. In addition, Moringa leaves are also known as an efficacious medicinal plant by utilizing all parts of the Moringa plant, starting from the bark, seeds, and leaves to the roots and undergoing processing operations such as drying, wilting and enzymatic oxidation. The processing of Moringa goes is carried out with a drying process that aims to speed up the processing of Moringa leaves. Tests on drying Moringa leaves are carried out in 2 ways, namely drying without using controls and drying using fuzzy rules, then, from the two tests, a comparison will be made, and conclusions will be drawn. This drying was carried out to determine how much weight loss was in dried Moringa leaves using fuzzy control with a temperature of 60 °C. The overall test results for Moringa leaves were carried out with two tests. Namely, the same results will be obtained from 180-gram Moringa leaves at 60°C and 180-gram Moringa leaves at 50°C. Temperature and time with a decrease in the percentage of age by 50% using fuzzy control. This system is supported by a type k thermocouple temperature sensor, load cell sensor, tubular heater, fan, solid state relay, keypad, I2C LCD, and Arduino mega. Two input variables must be controlled in a fish dryer: temperature and weight. At variable temperatures, the input is a type k thermocouple sensor. The output is an SSR that controls the tube heater so that the temperature of the fish dryer matches the set-point temperature. The fuzzy logic method controls the temperature when drying fish does not exceed the set point temperature.
A Feasibility Study of The Bubon Port to Improve Maritime Affairs in West Aceh District
Authors: Zakia Zakia , Safriani Meylis , Masrura Delfian , Febrianti Dian , Yuri Salena Inseun
Published: February 2023

Kuala Bubon Port, a maritime axis in the west-south Aceh region is one of the crossing facilities that connects shipping activities by the surrounding community. The need for passenger departures and logistics transportation is increasing every year. Therefore, to facilitate inter-island crossing activities, it is planned to develop buildings and facilities at Kuala Bubon Port. It is necessary to carry out a feasibility study for these infrastructure development activities to determine the feasibility of the development project. Besides that, the feasibility study also avoids the risk of loss. Research This feasibility study uses data analysis, including the Budget Plan analysis and the cash flow (cash flow) analysis. The method for analyzing cash flow uses 4 methods, namely Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Break Event Point (BEP). The four methods refer to the calculation of direct, indirect, and annual costs. This calculation is obtained from processing primary and secondary data and assuming an interest rate of 3.50%, and the project's economic life is set at 25 years. For NPV analysis, the investment is feasible if the results are positive. Conversely, if the NPV is negative, the investment is not feasible. Furthermore, if the BCR value ≥ 1, the IRR value ≥ the interest rate, and the BEP are obtained when the NPV = 0, then the project can be feasible. After calculating, the NPV value obtained is IDR 1,730,821,838,222, the BCR value is 162.93%, the IRR value is 5.25%, and the BEP was obtained in year 4, day 39. Based on the results of these calculations, the project can be said to be feasible to implement. The results of this study are expected to be one of the references and information for the Department of Transportation, Water Resources Public Works, and the Government to plan the right design for development projects at ports. The long-term target is that the results obtained can be used as data in other water construction projects so that they are effective from a financial perspective.
Monitoring System for Levels of Voltage, Current, Temperature, Methane, and Hydrogen in IoT-Based Distribution Transformers
Authors: Mina Maksal , Kartika Kartika
Published: February 2023

The distribution network is an integral part of electricity distribution, both technically and non-technically, which is very vulnerable to disturbances. This disturbance should be resolved as soon as possible so that it does not interfere with the performance of the electricity distribution and also damage the distribution transformer. In overcoming this disturbance, it can be done by using a safety device and a voltage breaker in each load area. The protection system in the distribution network must work quickly and immediately isolate abnormal conditions to prevent further damage and minimize blackouts. This disturbance should be resolved as soon as possible so that it does not interfere with the performance of the electricity distribution and also damage the distribution transformer. . The effects of this disturbance are changed in voltage, current, temperature, and gas levels in the distribution transformer. So we need a tool that can monitor the condition of the transformer. NodeMCU ESP8266 is a microcontroller that can connect to the internet network, which is used as the central control. The PZEEM-004T sensor is applied as a current and voltage reader. For gas measurement, the MQ-4 sensor is used to measure CH4 gas levels; the MQ-7 sensor is used to measure CO gas levels, and the MQ-8 sensor is used to measure H2 gas levels. The test results found that due to the unbalanced load conditions, there was an increase in temperature in the transformer, which resulted in changes in gas levels. Where from the test, it was found that the lowest gas content was CH4 reaching 113 PPM, CO went 21PPM, and H2 reaching 158PPM.