bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El almacén anfórico del barrio del Molinete en Carthago Spartaria (Cartagena): un nuevo contexto cerámico del siglo VII en la Hispania bizantina.
Authors: Vizcaíno Sánchez Jaime
Published: June 2020

The archaeological excavations at the foot of the southeast slope of El Molinete (Cartagena, Spain; Hispania Carthaginiensis) are increasing our knowledge about the early Byzantine occupation of Carthago Spartaria. Here, we analyse the abandonment level of a warehouse built into a dismantled and metamorphosed Roman monumental building, the old Iseum. Despite its small dimensions, this warehouse contained 16 amphorae from the Tunisian region, Ibiza or Eastern Mediterranean. This new deposit can be dated to the first quarter of the 7th century. The assemblage emphasizes the close relationship between Hispania and North Africa between 6th and 7th centuries.
Introduction to electromagnetic scattering, part II: tutorial
Authors: Frezza Fabrizio , Mangini Fabio , Tedeschi Nicola
Published: June 2020

In this paper, some generalizations of electromagnetic scattering problems by elementary shapes are presented. In particular, the aim of the paper is to provide solutions to the scattering problem by multiple objects with simple shapes, either in concentric configuration or arbitrarily distributed in the space. The vector harmonics, representing the fields, and their properties are applied in order to solve five different problems: the electromagnetic scattering by an infinitely long circular stratified cylinder, by a multilayered sphere, by an ensemble of parallel cylinders, by an ensemble of multi-spheres, and ultimately by a sphere embedded in a circular cylinder. Numerical results in particularly important configurations are shown.
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Stereotypes of Muslims in Spain
Authors: Alaminos Fernández Paloma , Alaminos Fernández Antonio Francisco
Published: June 2020

This research studies the relationship between ethnocentrism and Muslim stereotypes in Spain. Stereotypes are defined as positive or negative orientations related to attributes associated with an image of Muslims. After considering the application of a latent variable or a cumulative scale, we chose the latter in order to minimize the effect of missing values. The two strategies (that measure positive or negative stereotypes) are consistent with each other and express complementary measurements. By specifying and adjusting a structural model, we established an empirical relationship between ethnocentrism and stereotypes, controlling for the effect of gender, age, education, income, political ideology, and habitat size. We conclude that there is a direct effect of age and educational level as explanatory variables of ethnocentric feeling, as well as gender, ideological position and habitat size with respect to the presence of positive stereotypes.
Redes de apoyo al emprendimiento femenino en territorios rurales
Authors: Vercher Savall Néstor , Escribano Pizarro Jaime , Valero López Diana Esmeralda
Published: June 2020

Las condiciones del mercado de trabajo en las áreas rurales han convertido el autoempleo en una de las opciones recurrentes entre las mujeres que tratan de iniciar una actividad o consolidar su económica. Mediante técnicas cualitativas y a partir de un caso de estudio en un área LEADER española (Sierra del Segura, Albacete), este trabajo investiga las redes locales de apoyo al autoempleo femenino en zonas rurales, así como el impacto de la crisis económica sobre dicho sistema de apoyos. Los resultados más destacados señalan la importancia del asociacionismo empresarial femenino (redes formales) y los liderazgos locales (redes informales) como apoyos-fuerza al emprendimiento femenino rural. Asimismo, se pone de manifiesto la destrucción de gran parte de las redes de apoyos y el papel emergente de las entidades de la Economía Social y Solidaria como consecuencia de la crisis económica.
RAGAM FENOTIPE IKAN TENGADAK Barbonymus schwanenfeldii (Bleeker 1854) HASIL SILANG LUAR
Authors: Sukma Firda Amalia , Ath-Thar Muhammad Fariduddin , Carman Odang , Radona Deni
Published: June 2020

Outbreed may increase genetic diversity and produce better offspring. Meanwhile, genetic diversity can be inferred from phenotypes variability. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of phenotypic characters from four populations of tinfoil barb outbreed, namely Java (J), Kalimantan (K), ♀ Java × ♂ Kalimantan (JK) and ♀ Kalimantan × ♂ Java (KJ).Analysis of the phenotypic diversity was calculated based on truss morphometric on 30 individuals sampled from each populations. The growth and survival rate were measured for 40 days reared. The study was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CDR) with three replications.Rearing four population of tinfoil barb, beginning with acclimatization for two weeks and was continued reared using 12 aquaria40x30x30 cm3. Each aquaria was filled with 10 individual seeds/20 L-1 water with the size of 18,66±1,34 g weight and 8,28±0,34 cm of length. Feeding was done three times a day on ad-libitum using commercial pellet with protein content of31˗33%. The result of the canonical function analysis of truss morfometrik thetinfoil barb on 21 characteris indicated that the individual morphological characterof population of the tinfoil barb outbreed (JK and KJ) interrelated with each other.The highest sharing component value of inter population was obtained on the fish from outbreed of KJ and JK (13,3%), while the highest of intra population was obtained of K (96,7%) and the lowest of JK (86,7%). The highest survival rate (100%) was recorded on the JK population and significantly different (P>0,05) with survival rate of 90% observed in the J population.
STUDI ETNOEKOLOGI MASYARAKAT ADAT TRAH BONOKELING DI BANYUMAS DAN CILACAP
Authors: Sari Indah Anugrah , Sulistijorini Sulistijorini , Purwanto Yohanes
Published: June 2020

The Bonokeling society is a part of the Javanese indigenous groups who still maintain and practise the local wisdom in their daily lives. Socio-cultural research concerning the Bonokeling religion has been reported and provided useful information to the society, while the ethnoecological studies about Bonokeling’s local knowledge related to the environment have not been reported. The research aimed to provide a comprehensive study about Bonokeling society on the management and utilization of natural resource and environment. This study used qualitative and quantitative approaches through participatory survey, open-ended interviews, and structured interviews with questionnaires. The results showed that the community recognized five environmental categorizations based on functions, namely settlements, home gardens, agricultural land, sacred sites, and irrigation sources. The plant diversity found were consisted of 288 species with 12 categories of uses. Pari is a species of cultivated plant that has the highest cultural importance value. The Bonokeling local knowledge can be scientifically proven has an ecological value. The management and utilization of agricultural land by the Bonokeling society have been carried out not only to optimize the production, but also provide the benefits to the environment. Besides, the management of sacred site has shown that traditional conservation practices have been maintained well for sustainability.
BULBOPHYLLUM TRINERVOSUM, A NEW SPECIES OF SECTION MACROCAULIA (ORCHIDACEAE: BULBOPHYLLINAE) FROM WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Victoriano Malcolm , Yudistira Yuda Rehata
Published: June 2020

VICTORIANO, M. & YUDISTIRA, Y. R. 2020. Bulbophyllum trinervosum, a new species of section Macrocaulia (Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) from West Java, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 19(1): 67‒73. ‒‒ A new species of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) in section Macrocaulia from West Java, Indonesia is described as Bulbophyllum trinervosum Victoriano & Y.R.Yudistira spec. nov. This miniature orchid is found around Cakrabuana mountain range at an elevation of 1,300–1,550 m. The key characteristic of this species is unique among section Macrocaulia in having three nerves on its median sepal instead of five like the other species in this section.
Características físico-químicas de manteigas comercializadas na Central de Abastecimento de Vitória da Conquista - BA
Authors: Nunes Junior Edson De Melo , Souza Lorena Alves de , Brito Marcelo Silva , Teixeira Neto Milton Resende , Barbosa Ada Azevedo , Santana Renata Ferreira
Published: June 2020

A manteiga é um produto obtido por meio do processo de bateção do creme de leite, oriundo do desnate do leite de vaca. Um alimento comum, porém, muito apreciado, principalmente entre os nordestinos, sendo consumido em pães, biscoitos ou empregados em outros tipos de preparações. Podem ser comercializadas em feiras livres geralmente produzidos de forma artesanal, este alimento nem sempre é respaldado com os devidos cuidados no seu processamento, o que tende a comprometer muitas vezes a qualidade deste produto, seja na consistência, na composição, na solidificação, ou no sabor que a manteiga deve ter para ser consumida. Em vista disso, este artigo buscou avaliar as características físico-químicas das manteigas que são comercializadas na Central de Abastecimento da cidade de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Foram coletadas 30 amostras de manteiga comum comercializadas em 10 barracas diferentes. Elas foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de umidade, o índice de acidez, o teor de gordura e dos sólidos não gordurosos. As amostras apresentaram inconformidades com a legislação quanto ao teor de umidade (14,9% a 20,5%) e acidez (4,95 a 7,06 mmol NaOH/100 g de gordura). Entretanto, os resultados dos sólidos não gordurosos (0,001% a 0,052%) e teor de gordura (81,25% a 86,40%) encontravam-se dentro do permitido na legislação. Assim, diante dos resultados supracitados, notou-se que as amostras analisadas não apresentam condições adequadas para o consumo, confirmando a necessidade de melhorar o controle e inspeção na produção e armazenamento da manteiga, visando obter um produto seguro e de qualidade para o consumidor.
Al-Ab‘ād al-Ṭā’ifiyyah al-Islāmiyyah fi’l-Thaurah al- Shu‘ubiyyah al-‘Arabiyyah 2010-2011
Authors: Burdah Ibnu
Published: June 2020

Gerakan rakyat untuk perubahan di negara-negara Arab yang semula cenderung linier, personal, dan spontan pada perkembangannya menjadi amat kompleks akibat semakin banyaknya aktor dengan berbagai kepentingannya yang terlibat, isu yang berkembang, dan dimensi yang terkait. Salah satu dimensi baru dalam gerakan protes ini adalah dimensi sektarian Sunni-Syiah. Tulisan ini berupaya mengeksplorasi dan memberikan ekplanasi terhadap dimensi itu dengan memanfaatkan cara pandang realisme internasional dan tindakan kolektif terutama social movement. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa, pertama, kontestasi, ketegangan, dan konflik pengikut Suni-Syiah dalam konteks revolusi Arab tercermin pada kontestasi wacana, relasi diplomasi, hingga militer. Dimensi itu menurut hasil penelitian ini amat signifikan melampaui persoalan pluralisme kabilah yang pernah diramalkan al-Jabiry akan menjadi penghalang terbesar proyek masa depan Arab. Kedua, penjelasan terhadap realitas itu tidak bisa hanya mengacu kepada perbedaan ideologis antara dua sekte yang memang telah ada sejak lama, namun lebih merupakan konflik untuk mampu bertahan di tengah-tengah perubahan, kepentingan, pengaruh, dan dominasi kelompok di tengah panggung baru bernama ‘Revolusi Arab.’]
Sunni-Shia Ecumenism in Austria: A Model for Western Europe?
Authors: Widiyanto Asfa
Published: June 2020

The dynamics of encounter between Shiism and Sunnism have been investigated by some scholars, nevertheless the detailed study on the ventures of Sunni-Shia convergence which takes place in Austria is still underdeveloped. Such a picture is significance in revealing the features of Sunni-Shia ecumenism and its relationship with ‘European Islam’. This paper investigates the problems and the prospects for Sunni-Shia rapprochement in Austria, as well as the extent to which ecumenism in this country could serve as a model for Western Europe. The conflicts between Sunnites and Shiites are in some ways grounded in the misunderstandings between these two main sects of Islam. The recognition of faith community plays a part in figuring the fate of rapprochement between Sunnites and Shiites in the country. The prospects for Sunni-Shia ecumenism in Austria lie in the hands of authoritative personages and organisations, and in the ability of various elements of the society to enter into a dialogue to eradicate misunderstandings and prejudices. The authentic elaboration of ‘European Islam’ will also mould the future of Sunni-Shia ecumenism in Austria. There are possibilities and limits of applying Austrian model of Sunni-Shia ecumenism to other countries in Western Europe.[Dinamika perjumpaan antara Sunni dengan Syiah telah diteliti oleh banyak ahli, meskipun demikian kajian khusus tentang hubungan Sunni – Shiah  dengan studi kasus di Austria masih belum banyak diteliti. Gambarannya terletak pada arti penting pemahaman prinsipil antara Sunni – Syiah dan keterhubungan mereka dengan Islam Eropa. Tulisan ini menjelaskan berbagai persoalan dan prospek dalam membangun kedekatan keduanya di Austria sebagaimana kelanjutan perihal keyakinan di Negara tersebut sebagai model untuk Eropa Barat. Konflik antar pengikut Sunni - Syiah diantaranya mengakar karena ketidaksepahaman antar dua kelompok ini. Pengakuan komunitas agama berperan dalam penentuan pemulihan hubungan antara Sunni dan Syiah di negara ini. Prospek ekumenisme Sunni-Syiah di Austria ada di tangan tokoh dan organisasi kompeten, dan kemampuan beberapa pihak masyarakat untuk berdialog sehingga dapat menghilangkan kesalahpahaman dan prasangka. Elaborasi otentik ‘Islam Eropa’ juga akan membentuk masa depan ekumenisme Sunni-Syiah di Austria. Termasuk adanya kemungkinan dan batasan penerapan model ekumenisme Sunni-Syiah Austria ke negara-negara lain di Eropa Barat.]
Diasporic Chinese Community in Post-Conflict Aceh: Socio-Cultural Identities, and Social Relations with Acehnese Muslim Majority
Authors: Srimulyani Eka , Afriko Marzi , Salim M. Arskal , Ichwan Moch. Nur
Published: June 2020

This study examines the notions of identity among the minority groups of Chinese in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. It focuses on what has changed, what has been challenged and what is [still] continued, locating the discussion within a context of their social dialectics with the local majority of Muslims due to its time, spatiality and social processes. Admittedly, the history of diasporic Chinese and their social interrelation with the ethnic majority of Acehnese does not occur in static, but in a dynamic way, instead. It was continuously constructed, reconstructed and changed in a specific durability and spatiality within a negotiated space of socio-spatial dialectics between the minority and the local majority groups. Through several observations, and in-depth interviews with people from diasporic Chinese community in Banda Aceh, and with few Acehnese informants, this study discovers that some socio-political situations at macro-national level of the related policies (on minorities), as well as at micro-regional (provincial and municipal) ones, shari’a law application affected the way they interacted, responded, and acted with majority groups, with apparently more efforts being focused on creating non-conflict, harmonious relation with the local majority. Moreover, the efforts to becoming ‘part’ or accepted by the dominant culture is quite prevalent throughout the process, which is also combined with the strategy of building relation (social capital) with the local majority and other important stakeholders of the society, such as through their ethnic-based organization like Hakka, and others.[Tulisan ini menekankan pada pembahasan identitas orang Tionghoa di Banda Aceh pasca konflik Aceh. Fokus kajian meliputi perubahan, tantangan dan apa yang sedang terjadi dalam konteks dialektika sosial terhadap mayoritas penduduk muslim Aceh dalam waktu, ruang dan proses sosialnya. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa sejarah hubungan Tionghoa dengan penduduk Aceh mengalami pasang surut. Hubungan tersebut terbentuk dan berubah dalam lingkup ruang dan durasi tertentu seiring dengan bentuk dialektikal komunitas Tionghoa sebagai minoritas dan penduduk muslim Aceh sebagai mayoritas. Berdasarkan pengamatan lapangan dan wawancara mendalam sejumlah informan dari kedua pihak, kajian ini melihat adanya pengaruh kebijakan level nasional terhadap situasi di tingkat provinsi dan kabupaten. Penerapan Hukum Islam juga mempengaruhi mereka berinteraksi, merespon dan bertindak terhadap kelompok mayoritas muslim dalam usaha membangun hubungan yang harmoni dan damai. Selain itu usaha untuk ‘menjadi bagian’ atau diterima oleh budaya dominan cukup menonjol dalam proses sosialnya yang dikombinasikan dengan strategi membangun modal sosial, baik terhadap penduduk muslim atau pejabat pemerintah, seperti misalnya organisasi Hakka.]
The Era of Uncertainty and Ethical Arrangement in Javanese Classical Texts: Disseminating Ranggawarsita’s Works as Source of Islamic Ethics in Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Mukaffa Zumrotul
Published: June 2020

This paper investigates the era of uncertainty and ethical arrangement formulated in the Javanese classical text written by Ranggawarsita. Most of his works, especially Serat Kalatidha, Serat Sabdapranawa, and Serat Sabdatama, situated in the era of uncertainty and moved to the era of zaman edan (crazy age), kalabendhu (age of anger), owah or pakewuh (bizar time). Social structure in this era tied to unethical behavior. Elite communities were lacking of self- representation as a good example, meanwhile the communities were ignoring public advisability.  To set free from uncertainty condition is possible through implementing four ethical doctrines in the social life, namely: Monotheistic behavior, active submission to God’s predestination, self-contemplation, and eling lan waspada (self-awareness and mindfulness). The dynamic of nationhood today is almost reflecting the age of kalabendhu, and therefore it is necessary to do dissemination and transformation of ethical doctrines in the Islamic Higher Education by using the doctrine as a source of subject of Islamic Ethic. The need of dissemination is because academia in the Islamic Higher Education is an integral part of uncertain social structure.
Indonesian Interpretation of the Qur’an on Khilāfah: The Case of Quraish Shihab and Yudian Wahyudi on Qur'an, 2: 30-38
Authors: Djidin M , Syamsuddin Sahiron
Published: June 2020

Today the issue of building al-khilāfah al-islāmīyah (Islamic Caliphate) has been raised by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). One of its arguments is that it is obligatory, because Qur’an, 2:30 mentions the term khalīfah. However, this argument has been questioned by many Muslim scholars. Some of them are Quraish Shihab and Yudian Wahyudi. In this article a comparative study is conducted in such a way we can provide readers with a ‘direct’ comparasion between Shihab’s and Wahyudi’s thoughts. The emphasis of their differences is shown more clearly than their similarities. Some important points that are discussed here are their interpretations of Qur’an, 2: 30-38. After analyzing their statements expressed in their writings and interviews, we have found that both have the same idea that Qur’an, 2: 30 does not talk about the Islamic Caliphate, and therefore, it cannot be used as an argument for its building. We have also found that they have exegetical differences that might refer to the fact that Shihab has much emphasis on the ‘historical meaning’ of the verses, whereas Wahyudi prefers their ‘significance’ for human beings.[Wacana khilafah Islam di Indonesia menguat seiring dengan kehadiran Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Salas satu argumen mereka adalah adanya istilah khalīfah dalam Qur’an, 2: 30. Namun argument tersebut justru menjadi persoalan bagi pemikir muslim lainnya, dua diantaranya Quraish Shihab dan Yudian Wahyudi. Dalam tulisan ini diharapkan pembaca dapat melihat secara langsung perbandingan dua pemikiran tersebut. Beberapa point penting yang diperdebatkan adalah tafsir ayat Qur’an, 2: 30-38. Berdasarkan analisis pada karya tulis dan wawancara, keduanya sama – sama menunjukkan bahwa ayat tersebut di atas tidak membahas al-khilāfah al-islāmīyah. Meskipun keduanya sependapat, masing-masing memberikan tekanan yang berbeda dimana Shihab lebih ke makna historis, sedangkan Wahyudi condong ke signifikasi bagi kemanusiaan.]
Expansion of Agricultural Zakat Revenue in Malaysia on the Basis of the Current Maslahah
Authors: Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Abdullah Thaidi Hussein `Azeemi , Baharuddin Ahmad Syukran , Ab Rahman Azman , Ab Rahim Siti Farahiyah
Published: June 2020

The reality concerning the agricultural zakat in Malaysia only impose the zakah on the paddy crops based solely on the opinion of Imam Shafi`i rather than an opinion of other scholars. This paper aims to critically examine the agricultural zakat in Islam based on Malaysian context and analyse the transformation of expanding the agricultural zakat based on the objective of Shariah. A qualitative methodology was employed to analyse the data through inductive, deductive, comparative and field research. As for the field research, the study has conducted semi-structured interviews with the Zakat Corporation, Islamic Religious Council and Mufti`s Department in the selected states in Malaysia, namely: Selangor, Penang, Terengganu and Sarawak. The finding demonstrated that the revenue of the agricultural-based zakat could be expanded according to the view held by Imam Hanafi and its benefit to the current agricultural economy. Thus, this paper proposes that every State’s Zakat Corporations and Islamic Religious Councils in Malaysia should reassess the existing ruling and legal framework of agricultural zakat in order to realize its revenue expansion as an effective solution for the current zakat collection. [Realitas zakat pertanian di Malaysia lebih mengutamakan qaul Imam Shafi`i dibandingkan dengan qaul-qaul mazhab lain. Pengelolaan zakat di Malaysia hanya dikenakan pada zakat pertanian dan terbatas kepada makanan pokok, yaitu padi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kritis zakat pertanian dalam konteks Malaysia serta mengkaji transformasi isu meluaskan zakat pertanian kepada tanaman selain padi berdasarkan maqasid syari’ah. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dimana analisis data menggunakan kaedah induktif, deskriptif, dan komparatif. Kajian lapangan juga dilakukan dalam bentuk wawancara dengan Jabatan Mufti Negeri dan Baitulmal Negeri di Malaysia; seperti Selangor, Pulau Pinang, Perlis, Terengganu dan Sarawak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hasil zakat pertanian dapat diperluas berdasarkan pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah yang lebih sesuai dengan maslahah ekonomi pertanian saat ini di Malaysia. Dengan demikian, studi ini mengusulkan bahwa lembaga zakat setiap negeri dan Dewan Agama Islam di Malaysia harus mengkaji kembali kerangka hukum zakat pertanian yang ada dalam rangka merealisasikan ekspansi penghasilannya sebagai solusi efektif untuk pengumpulan zakat saat ini.]
The Subjectivity of Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī: Critique on Gender Relations in Religious Construction in Adab Am Qillah Adab Work
Authors: Latifi Yulia Nasrul , Udasmoro Wening , J. Juliasih
Published: June 2020

This writing examines three short stories in the short story anthology of Adab Am Qillah Adab by Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī, namely: “Adab.Am Qillah Adab”, “al Umm al-Suwisriyyah al-Qātilah”, and “Qiṣṣah Fatḥiyyah al-Miṣriyyah”. The analysis focuses on Nawâl al-Sa’dâwî’s critique of religious constructions of gender relations. The subjectivity of Salvoj Žižek is the theory used and hermeneutics is the method of analysis. The purpose of the study is to find out the reasoning behind the radical acts of Al-Sa’dāwī over her rejection of patriarchal religious constructions in her three short stories. The result of the analysis shows that the literary work is the explanation of the radicalization of the author’s actions, Al-Sa’dāwī, as a subject. Such radicalization is her rejection of the needy Symbolic (patriarchal religion construction) as her attempt to escape the Symbolic. Al-Sa’dāwī continues to move because the subject is split and empty. Therefore, Al-Sa’dāwī makes an effort to seek full self-fulfillment to and approach The Real in order to kill the old tyrannical Symbolic and pick up the new Symbolic, which is the construction of a just religion and liberate women.[Tulisan ini mengkaji tiga cerpen dalam antologi cerpen Adab Am Qillah Adab karya Nawâl al-Sa’dâwî, yaitu: “Adab..Am Qillah Adab”, “al-Umm al-Suwisriyyah al Qātilah”, dan “Qiṣṣah Fatḥiyyah al-Miṣriyyah”. Analisis difokuskan pada kritik Nawāl Al-Sa’dāwī terhadap konstruksi agama atas relasi gender. Subjektivitas Salvoj Žižek adalah teori yang dipakai dan hermeneutik merupakan metode analisisnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui alasan di balik tindakan radikal Al-Sa’dāwī atas penolakannya pada konstruksi agama yang patriarkis dalam tiga cerpennya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karya sastra menjelaskan radikalisasi tindakan pengarang, Al-Sa’dāwī, sebagai sebuah subjek. Radikalisasi tersebut adalah penolakannya terhadap Yang Simbolik yang berkekurangan (konstruksi agama patriarkis) sebagai usahanya untuk melepaskan diri dari Yang Simbolik. Al-Sa’dāwī akan terus bergerak dikarenakan subjek itu terbelah dan juga kosong. Oleh sebab itu, Al-Sa’dāwī melakukan upaya untuk mencari pemenuhan dirinya secara terus-menerus dan mendekati The Real agar dapat membunuh The Symbolic lama yang tiranik dan menjemput The Symbolic baru, yaitu konstruksi agama yang adil dan membebaskan perempuan.]
MITIGASI EKOLOGI DI OBYEK WISATA RELIGI GUNUNG KEMUKUS
Authors: Nugroho Fibry Jati , Rengganis Agung Dian
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the religious tourism object of Gunung Kemukus, located in Sragen Regency, Central Java. The uniqueness of this religious tourism lies in its ritual procedures with the rites of the Tomb of Prince Samudro and the Ontangulan Spring. As crowds of pilgrims and visitors arrive, the impact on changes in the perspective of cultural symbols, including environmental preservation and preservation of cultural rites. By using a qualitative approach, analytical descriptive method and ecological perspective, it was found that the Ontrowulan Spring can be a bridge for environmental preservation efforts, which will have an impact on nature preservation and the convenience of pilgrims performing rituals. Local wisdom in the form of the myth of the Water Spring Ontrowulan has become a symbol in environmental preservation in the Gunung Kemukus region. Efforts to preserve the environment and social environment will have an impact on the preservation of cultural sites on Gunung Kemukus.
The generation of student engagement as a cognition-affect-behaviour process in a Twitter learning experience
Authors: Pérez-López Raúl , Gurrea-Sarasa Raquel , Herrando Carolina , Martín-De Hoyos María José , Bordonaba-Juste Victoria , Utrillas-Acerete Ana
Published: June 2020

Twitter is a microblog that allows users to interact about a topic in online discussion. This makes it an interesting interactive tool with possibilities to increase student engagement and learning performance through active collaboration in an informal learning environment. However, few articles take a quantitative approach to investigate the creation of student engagement using this social networking site. To address this gap, we propose a series of activities conducted through Twitter to analyse the engagement generation process in a sample of 110 students in the first year of a business and administration degree at a large Spanish university. The results show that the engagement process is created through active collaborative learning and enjoyment, and that engaged students are more satisfied with the activity and perceive greater learning performance. This leads us to recommend teachers to encourage active and collaborative activities to make students more engaged and satisfied, and improve their performance.
Engaging in homework development: TARSIS platform as an innovative learning methodology
Authors: Buitrago Francisco
Published: June 2020

The paramount importance of active pedagogical learning for the development of skills and competences is now unquestionable.  However, homework assignments in engineering courses are still passive learning instruments that often appear as requirements rather than learning tools.  This issue arises due that the teaching team usually does not have the capabilities to provide real-time feedback, neither to enable students to fix errors on a timely manner to enhance the process of learning.  To overcome this challenge, we developed a novel Blended-like methodology for homework assignments called TARSIS.  This methodology uses a platform to boosts the contribution of homework assignments in the learning process by using an attempt mechanism for online solution, combined with a real-time feedback scheme in both virtual and face-to-face environments. The platform is very intuitive to use and offers full flexibility for self-paced learning.  In this study, we describe the methodology and use a mixed-method research approach to assess the performance of TARSIS. Results indicate that students enrolled with TARSIS achieved higher performance in both homework assignments and exams.  Furthermore, students’ perceptions demonstrate higher enthusiasm and motivation towards the value of homework assignments as mechanisms to promote learning processes.
Editorial
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: June 2020

It is with great pleasure that I am sharing with you this new issue of Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching. Since the first issue in 2020 was a special issue guest-edited by Laura Gurzynski-Weiss, I did not have the chance to emphasize the fact that the journal has entered its tenth year of existence. These ten years have passed very quickly and the journey we have travelled is truly exceptional. When we were putting together the first issues, it was so hard to find good papers and we had to continually struggle trying to convince our colleagues that SSLLT had much potential and was the right choice for publishing their work. At present, we are receiving several hundred submissions per year and the rejection rate by far exceeds 80%. At the same time, an increasing number of submissions represent outstanding scholarship, with the effect that the papers that ultimately get accepted and published are also getting better and better. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all those who have supported SSLLT from the get-go – the co-editors, the members of the Editorial Board, the reviewers, the guest-editors of special issues and all the contributors. I will have much more to say about this special anniversary in the December edition where I will also be announcing the way in which we are planning to celebrate it.
Mining Top-
k
pairs of correlated subgraphs in a large network
Authors: Prateek Arneish , Khan Arijit , Goyal Akshit , Ranu Sayan
Published: June 2020

We investigate the problem of
correlated subgraphs mining
(CSM) where the goal is to identify pairs of subgraph patterns that frequently co-occur in proximity within a single graph. Correlated subgraph patterns are different from frequent subgraphs due to the flexibility in connections between constituent subgraph instances and thus, existing frequent subgraphs mining algorithms cannot be directly applied for CSM. Moreover, computing the degree of correlation between two patterns requires enumerating and finding distances between every pair of subgraph instances of both patterns - a task that is both memory-intensive as well as computationally demanding. To this end, we propose two holistic
best-first
exploration algorithms: CSM-E (an exact method) and CSM-A (a more efficient approximate method with near-optimal quality). To further improve efficiency, we propose a top-
k
pruning strategy, while to reduce memory footprint, we develop a compressed data structure called
R
eplica, which stores all instances of a subgraph pattern on demand. Our empirical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms not only mine interesting correlations, but also achieve good scalability over large networks.
Arousal-Biased Competition Explains Reduced Distraction by Reward Cues under Threat
Authors: Kim Andy J. , Anderson Brian A.
Published: June 2020

Anxiety is an adaptive neural state that promotes rapid responses under heightened vigilance when survival is threatened. Anxiety has consistently been found to potentiate the attentional processing of physically salient stimuli. However, a recent study demonstrated that a threat manipulation reduces attentional capture by reward-associated stimuli, suggesting a more complex relationship between anxiety and the control of attention. The mechanisms by which threat can reduce the distracting quality of stimuli are unknown. In this study, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on human subjects, we examined the neural correlates of attention to previously reward-associated stimuli with and without the threat of unpredictable electric shock. We replicate enhanced distractor-evoked activity throughout the value-driven attention network (VDAN) in addition to enhanced stimulus-evoked activity generally under threat. Importantly, these two factors interacted such that the representation of previously reward-associated distractors was particularly pronounced under threat. Our results from neuroimaging fit well with the principle of arousal-biased competition (ABC), although such effects are typically associated with behavioral measures of increased attention to stimuli that already possess elevated attentional priority. The findings of our study suggest that ABC can be leveraged to support more efficient ignoring of reward cues, revealing new insights into the functional significance of ABC as a mechanism of attentional control, and provide a mechanistic explanation of how threat reduces attention to irrelevant reward information.
El cosmopolitismo urbano: la ciudad ante el orden postliberal
Authors: Manfredi Sánchez Juan Luis
Published: June 2020

El artículo estudia la sucesión de cambios en la estructura política internacional ante la reconfiguración de las fuentes de poder. Establece tres vertientes en las bases teóricas del cosmopolitismo urbano. La primera indica cuáles deberían ser los fundamentos de una elaboración teórica. La ciudad internacional contribuye a la reconfiguración de la estructura y el ejercicio del poder interestatal ocupando o creando nuevos espacios que contribuyen a la pluralidad de las Relaciones Internacionales. El segundo aspecto que se analiza es el crecimiento de la ciudad como unidad de medida en la economía global. Los flujos de capital circulan y operan sobre una base local con destinos globales. Son las ciudades y sus extensiones metropolitanas quienes se benefician del sistema económico. Aparecen grandes bolsas de desigualdad interna y, sobre todo, con una ruptura entre ciudades dentro y fuera del orden económico, incluyendo aquí la desigualdad relacional que se genera en los territorios menos poblados. Por último, se incide en la razón antropocénica, esto es, el impacto de la acción humana en las condiciones naturales y sus consecuencias en el orden mundial. El cambio climático cambia el sustrato principal de las Relaciones Internacionales, que es el medio físico y la geografía. Sobre estas dos dimensiones tangibles, se ordenan las bases del poder y la teoría básica de los estudios internacionales. Al cambiar el tablero estratégico, la ciudad conquista posiciones de poder no coercitivo, lo que facilita la colaboración mediante redes y estructuras. El aspecto militar y de seguridad no es relevante para la diplomacia urbana, que se centra en aspectos de poder económico y social. Los resultados indican que el nuevo cosmopolitismo tiene bases urbanas y ofrece un marco de interpretación de las tensiones entre centro y periferia de la acción exterior, la globalización económica y las nuevas políticas públicas en la lucha contra el cambio climático. El cosmopolitismo urbano emerge como referencia teórica en el orden postliberal.
Peculiarities of the Image of Correctional Agencies and Employees
Authors: Cimalanskaitė-Kazlauskienė Violeta , Valickas Gintautas
Published: June 2020

The article examines the character, similarities and differences of the image (or its separate aspects) of correctional agencies and employees perceived by the employees of correctional agencies (n = 342), convicts (n = 361) and the general public representing different age groups (n = 1023), as well as the relations among the image of correctional agencies and employees, experience accumulated by participants, and sociodemographic characteristics.
The Compensation of Pecuniary Damages in Wrongful Birth Cases
Authors: Morkūnaitė Monika
Published: June 2020

This article examines the possibilities to recognise the compensation of the child’s maintenance cost in the wrongful birth cases. Both the foreign legal doctrine and case-law of foreign countries reveal different approaches to the possibility to allow such compensation. In such a context, taking into account the legal regulation, the perspectives of solution of this question in Lithuania are analysed.
Coronavirus Disease 2019: Where are we and Where are we Going? Intersections Between Coronavirus Disease 2019 and the Heart
Authors: D’Elia Emilia , Senni Michele
Published: June 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become a pandemic affecting every country in the world. In the province of Bergamo, Italy, more than 2,200 cases of COVID-19 have been reported, which include more than 300 deaths. Most hospitalisations have been at the Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital. This has imposed a significant burden on our hospital in terms of healthcare personnel, dedicated spaces (including intensive care areas) and time spent by clinicians, who are committed to assisting COVID-19 patients. In this short expert opinion, the authors will focus on new insights related to COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system, and try to investigate the grey areas and uncertainties in this field.
Effects of a periodized functional strength training program (FST) on Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in physical education students
Authors: Sawczyn Michał
Published: June 2020

Background and Study Aim: To examine the effects of periodized functional strength training (FST) on FMS scores of sport university students with higher risk of injury. Material and Methods: Thirty three  participants (age 21.6±1.3 years, height 177.8±6.9 m, mass 80.4±7.7 kg) with FMS total score ≤ 14 were selected from eighty two volunteered students of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk and randomly assigned to experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=17). The FMS test was conducted one week before and one week after the 12 week training intervention. The experimental group participated in FST program through 12 weeks. The control group did not engaged in any additional physical activity than planned in their course of study. The  collected  data  were  analysed  using Statistica 13.3 pl (StatSoft Inc). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to establish the statistical significance of the difference between FMS total scores within each group and Mann Whitney U test between groups before and after the 12 week training intervention. Results: 45 % of volunteers in the first FMS testing showed total scores ≤14. The experimental group that participated in FST program changed significantly FMS total scores after 12 weeks (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in FMS total score between groups after the experiment (p<0.05). Conclusions: There is a need for injury prevention programs for students of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk. It is clear from this study that FST is effective in improving FMS total score in students with cut off score ≤14.
TECHNOLOGY FOR FOUR SKILLS ARABIC IN THE ERA EMERGENCY OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIA
Authors: Febriani Suci Ramadhanti , Anasruddin Anasruddin
Published: June 2020

The integration of technology and learning has become the primary key in developing various Arabic learning models in emergencies of the COVID-19 era. This study aims to describe and uncover the impact of technology on the learning process of Arabic on four Arabic language skills. This research uses a qualitative approach design utilizing the case study research method. Data obtained through observation techniques, interviews, and documentation with data analysis techniques using the theory of Milles and Huberman. The results revealed that the impact of technology on learning Arabic included several aspects of innovation in curriculum planning, implementation of learning, strategy development, and evaluation that varied online. The findings of this study are that the integration of technology with Arabic learning can improve creative and critical thinking processes and form a constructivist mindset. This study recommends that the use of appropriate technology for four language skills will affect Arabic learning outcomes to the maximum.
MAFHŪM AL-SAMĪ’ WA AL-BASHĪR FĪ AL-QURĀN AL-KARĪM
Authors: Supardi Adi
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui makna as-Samī’ dan al-Bashīr secara leksikal dan kontekstual dalam tinjauan pendidikan Islam. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi analisis semantik. Setelah dilakukan analisis kata as-Samī’ dan al-Bashīr diperoleh hasil bahwa makna leksikal as-Samī’ yaitu pemahaman dan al-Bashîr yaitu pengetahuan. Sementara secara kontekstual, makna as-Samī’ yaitu Yang Maha Mengetahui dan Yang Maha Memahami dan makna al-Bashīr yaitu Yang Maha Mengetahui dan Pengetahuan yang mendalam. Secara kontekstual, penyandingan kata as-Samī’ dengan kata al-Bashīr dalam banyak ayat dalam Al Qur’an lebih mengarah kepada makna penguatan iman kepada Allah SWT, iman kepada Rassul, iman kepada Malaikat, iman kepada takdir Allah, pengaturan alam semesta dan penegakan hukum. Implikasi pendidikan pada penelitian ini secara umum meliputi moral pendidik, yaitu sikap pendidik yang bersedia mendengar percakapan peserta didik dan mengawasinya, lalu mengembangkan media pembelajaran bagi pendidik, lalu memberlakukan prinsip tahapan pemberian materi dengan mendahulukan kemampuan menyimak secara berulang-ulang kemudian diperkuat dengan memberikan media gambar sebagai visualisasi materi.
Concept of Religious Tolerance among Ulama of Traditional Pesantren in Sukabumi, West Java
Authors: Abdillah Abdillah , Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin bin Wan
Published: June 2020

Pesantren nowadays has been accused by the West as a nest of radicalism and terrorism. Not without reason, in Indonesia, many intolerance and violence issues have involved several Muslim communities and alumni of pesantren. Therefore, in this study, the authors intimately will explore the views of traditional pesantren ulama, mainly in Sukabumi, on some issues of religious tolerance. In this study, the authors used a qualitative approach by using a semi-structured interview and analysis document as a data collection. After that, the data will be analyzed qualitatively. This study found that traditional pesantren ulama in Sukabumi understood the concept and discourse of religious tolerance. They have moderate views and attitudes towards non-Muslims. However, some traditional pesantren ulama in Sukabumi refused to tolerate towards Ahmadiyyah minority group. A Kyai even has a gruff view and attitude towards Ahmadiyyah groups. Meanwhile, two other ulama refused to commit violence against Ahmadiyyah and other groups
International Publications on Radicalism and Terrorism in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Assessment
Authors: Fuad Munawar
Published: June 2020

This article analyses international publications on radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia in the Scopus database. This study employs a bibliometrics study to designate a set of quantitative methods of analysis of international scientific publications on radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia. Data was collected from search results in the Scopus database with a combination keyword "radicalism OR terrorism OR Fundamentalism IN Indonesia" in three categories: article titles, article abstracts, and article keywords in publication period, 2001-2019. The results found 414 scientific publications relating to radicalism and terrorism. The highest number was in 2019, with 49 scientific publications (11.8%). The highest amount was obtained from publishing in Jane’s Defense Weekly, a publisher in the United Kingdom (UK) that provides open-source for global intelligence agents with 12 publications (2.8%). The most prolific writer is Julie Chernov Hwang, with seven articles. He is an associate professor in politics and international relations department at Goucher College, Baltimore, Maryland (MD), United States. However, of the total scholars who conducted international publications in radicalism and terrorism study, the first rank was occupied by Indonesian scholars with 128 papers (30.9%). It shows that Indonesian scholars are serious about conducting radicalism and terrorism studies in their country. Whereas, publications forms that most contributed to radicalism and terrorism study were international journal articles with 273 publications (65.9%). The radicalism and terrorism study is the most studied in social sciences studies with 270 publications (65.2%).
Decision Making Process on Women Migrant Workers in West Java: Between Religion, Culture and Social Reality
Authors: Huriani Yeni , Annibras Nablur Rahman
Published: June 2020

The decision to work abroad is a unique dynamic for women migrant workers because they have to leave their homes for a long time. The decision is not an easy thing to do. For women in West Java, who are predominantly Muslim, leaving their homes is still a theological and cultural debate as to whether women may work outside the home. Culturally, women are "Dulang Tinande," in which they are "not as a determinant" in family life. This research uses a feminist approach to uncover the experiences of and to give women migrant workers from West Java. Research shows that these workers have three motives for choosing to work abroad: economic, Human Capital, and social. Besides, they go through four decision-making processes to become migrant workers: self-stabilization, consultation with relatives, seeking information related to employment agencies (PJTKI), and consulting with Muslim clerics to ask for prayer and safety amulets.
NGHIÊN CỨU XU THẾ BIẾN ĐỘNG TRƯỜNG NHIỆT ĐỘ BỀ MẶT BIỂN VÀ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA ENSO ĐẾN VÙNG BIỂN TÂY NAM VIỆT NAM SỬ DỤNG DỮ LIỆU VIỄN THÁM VÀ GIS
Authors: Tuan Tran Anh , Dang Vu Hai , Hong Pham Viet , Thuc Do Ngoc , Linh Nguyen Thuy , Nguyet Nguyen Thi Anh , Hien Pham Thu , Phuong Vu Le
Published: June 2020

In this article, the sea surface temperature trends and the influence of ENSO on the southwest sea of Vietnam were analyzed using the continuous satellite-acquired data sequence of SST in the period of 2002–2018. GIS and average statistical methods were applied to calculate the average monthly and seasonal sea surface temperature, the seasonal sea surface temperature anomalies for each year and for the whole study period. Subsequently, the changing trends of sea surface temperature in the northeast and southwest monsoon seasons were estimated using linear regression analysis. Research results indicated that the sea surface temperature changed significantly throughout the calendar year, in which the maximum and minimum sea surface temperature are 31oC in May and 26oC in January respectively. Sea surface temperature trends range from 0oC/year to 0.05oC/year during the Northeast monsoon season and from 0.025oC/year to 0.055oC/year during the southwest monsoon season. Results based on the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) analysis also show that the sea surface temperature in the study area and adjacent areas is strongly influenced and significantly fluctuates during El Niño and La Niña episodes.