bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WORLD MARKET OF PROJECT FINANCING: INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Iryna HANECHKO
Published: December 2021

Background. The domestic economy remains systemically underfunded due to lack of domestic financial resources and low investment attractiveness for foreign investors. The deepening of this problem is also caused by the situation with COVID-19, which has led to a decrease in global cash flows in the world. Obtaining cross-border investment flows in various sectors of the economy is associated with project financing, the development of co-financing and the use of PPPs. There is a question of research of modern tendencies of development of project financing which change according to present challenges, for the purpose of implementation of experience of foreign countries in the Ukrainian practice of development of investment activity. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that in the context of abrupt changes, challenges and crises, leading to reduction oflong-term investments, the issue of using large-scale project financing to guarantee future profits (project financing) to develop priority sectors of the economy and individual regions of the country remains relevant. The aim of the work is to study the global industry trends in the development of project financing, taking into account the new socio-economic realities and justification of the feasibility of using world experience in Ukrainian practice. Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on a system of general scientific and special methods, in particular: abstract-logical, analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping, generalization, graphical method, statistical methods for assessing the dynamics and structure. Legislative documents, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, statistical information became the information base of this research. Results. The modern tendencies of the global market of project financing, dynamics of its volumes and branch structure are investigated. The directions of project financing by the main sources are analyzed: bank loans and bond loans. The expediency of using international experience in the implementation of large-scale investment projects in various sectors of the economy of Ukraine using schemes and methods of project financing is substantiated. Conclusion. The introduction of experience in the implementation of investment projects using project financing schemes in Ukraine should contribute to the formation of demand for long-term investments, including foreign ones. This practice of project implementation allows to modernize the economy, increase the potential of regional development and integrate into global value chains.
THE COMPLEX OF ANCIENT OBSERVATORIES ON THE TABLE MOUNTAIN IN INGUSHETIA
Authors: Rezvantsev B.
Published: December 2021

The proximity of the three ancient sanctuaries to each other on the flat top of the Table Mountain against the background of the sacred peaks of Kazbek and Tsey-Loam, the opportunity to observe the sunrises and sunsets in the highlands of the Caucasus, cosmogonic myths, all this gave an assumption about the astronomical functions of these sanctuaries. The purpose of the study was to prove that these ancient sanctuaries were used by the priests to determine the key moments in the annual cycle of the Sun and were a calendar.

This is proved by using special computer programs and calculators that determine the azimuth and altitude of the Sun; instrumental observations and measurements on the ground.

It is established that the shrines of Myat-Seli and Myater-Dyal on Table Mountain in Ingushetia are a complex of medieval solar near-horizon observatories. And it is hypothesized that these sanctuaries were built on the site from which solar cycles were observed from about the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. This work also provides prerequisites for determining various astronomical observations from sanctuaries and the presence of other ancient observatories in the Caucasus. A method has been developed for searching for prehistoric solar, lunar and stellar near-horizon observatories.
ESTABLISHMENT OF SOVIET AUTHORITY IN HRODNA AND HRODNA COUNT (SEPTEMBER 1939 - NOVEMBER 1939)
Authors: Koutun A.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to reveal the process of formation of Soviet power in Hrodna and Hrodna Count during the period, the chronological framework of which is determined by the direct transition of the territories of Hrodna and Hrodna region under the control of the Red Army in September 1939, on the one hand, and their official incorporation into the BSSR in November 1939, on the other. This period, which preceded the formation of full-fledged Soviet authorities in the region, is defined in the article as transitional. The paper shows the process of forming interim administrations, notes the practice of sending civil servants, party and military figures from the regions of the BSSR and other regions of the USSR to Hrodna and Hrodna Count to recruit new local authorities and organize elections to the People's Assembly of Western Belorussia (PAWB), notes the goals and objectives of the PAWB activities set before it by the party leadership, reveals the specifics of organizing elections of deputies to the PAWB from Hrodna and Hrodna Count.

The scientific contribution of the study was manifested in the coverage of the process of the initial stage of the formation of Soviet authorities on the territory of Hrodna and Hrodna county in the period preceding their official incorporation into the BSSR (September 1939 - November 1939).

As a result, the dates of formation of interim administrations in Hrodna and Hrodna Count, the principle of recruitment of new government institutions, the undemocratic nature of the elections of deputies of the People's Assembly of Western Belorussia were determined. The assessment of the inclusion of Hrodna and Hrodna Count into the BSSR is given.
MODERN VIEWS ON THE СLINIC-GENETIC ASPECTS OF POLYHYDRAMNIOS.
Authors: Sherlieva G. , Matyakubova S. , Mavlyanova N. , Matyakubova Z.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the literature data on the etiopathogenetic aspects of polyhydramnios, taking into account the leading risk factors for development. Despite the knowledge of the etiological aspects, the development of diagnostic tactics and predictive methods, the frequency of polyhydramnios does not tend to decrease, but remains at the level of 3-12% of the total number of births. Being a leading medical and social problem, which leads to high childhood morbidity, disability, as well as death, negatively affecting the quality of life not only of a single family, but also on the gene pool of the nation.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL COMPONENTS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. PROSPECTS FOR PREVENTION AND REHABILITATION
Authors: Cherkasov A. , Petrova E.
Published: December 2021

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the causes of arterial hypertension, describes a 3-month observation of the initial stage of the development of hypertension and experiments on non-drug normalization of blood pressure on a group of volunteers. We show that arterial hypertension is associated with spastic conditions of the intervertebral muscles in the lower thoracic spine, which leads to compression of sympathetic nerves that control the transport of water through the kidneys, which in turn upsets the balance of fluid circulation through the circulatory system.Theoretical analysis and experimental data made it possible to formulate a hypothesis about the dominant role of disorders in the activity of the sympathetic part of the nervous system in the development of primary and persistent arterial hypertension. The possibility of prevention of arterial hypertension and non-drug rehabilitation of patients with this disease has been shown.
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF FLAVONOIDS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIDIABETIC EXTRACT
Authors: Aleksandrova D. , Legosteva A.
Published: December 2021

During development of antidiabetic extract in blueberry shoots (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), ginseng leaves (Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.) and water-alcohol extraction from this plant material the flavonoid content is studied because this group of biologically active substances has hypoglycemic effect. Qualitative reactions for different groups of flavonoids has confirmed their presence in blueberry shoots and ginseng leaves. In addition, qualitative analysis of water-alcohol extraction on their base using spectrophotometry has also showed presence of this group of biologically active substances. Along with that, quantitative content of flavonoids has been detected using differential spectrophotometry in blueberry shoots, ginseng leaves and water-alcohol extraction on their base.
ABOUT SOME PROBLEMS OF ONLINE CHEMISTRY TEACHING IN HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Poskonin V.
Published: December 2021

A number of topical problems of higher education caused by the processes of its digitalization are discussed, including the problems of university online teaching of chemistry and other chemical disciplines. The problem of incorrect use of educational information by students from the Internet is due to the excessive dependence of students on digital technologies and their insufficiently critical attitude to online educational information. The related problem of replacing systematic knowledge with superficial and incomplete information from sources of digital communication requires an immediate solution. The specifics of online teaching also cause special psychological problems of the relationship between the teacher and students. The problem of incomplete adequacy of electronic media used in the educational process and the related problem of insufficient technical support of online technologies are also serious. Possible ways and means of solving these problems are considered.
Intérêt de l’électromyographie échoguidée du muscle tibial postérieur dans le diagnostic étiologique du steppage
Authors: Elleuch W. , Elleuch F. , Harbi H. , Elleuch M. , Ghroubi S. , Elleuch M.H.
Published: December 2021

Devant un steppage, le diagnostic différentiel entre une atteinte radiculaire L5 et une neuropathie fibulaire est assez difficile mais facilité par l’étude clinique et électrique du muscle tibial postérieur. Cependant, plusieurs études ont montré que le placement de l’aiguille de l’électromyographie n’est pas assez précis ni facile et que le repérage échographique facilite la détection électromyographique des éléments anatomiques difficiles (petits et/ou profonds) et la rend accessible surtout pour les cliniciens les moins expérimentés. Nous rapportons deux cas de steppage chez deux hommes âgés de 55 et 66 ans. Le premier avait une atteinte radiculaire L5 sans atteinte du muscle tibial postérieur (MTP) en rapport avec une récidive de sa hernie discale L5. Le second avait une atteinte du MTP (confirmée par électromyographie échoguidée) en rapport avec un kyste mucoïde périneural du nerf sciatique poplité externe. Cela démontre clairement l’apport du guidage échographique de la détection électromyographique à l’aiguille du MTP dans le diagnostic étiologique du steppage.
Biochemical assessment of the quality of berries of the genus fragaria in the Orenburg Region
Authors: Salimova R. R.
Published: December 2021

The assessment of the biochemical composition of the berries of strawberry varieties is of undoubted interest for the creation of a new generation of high-vitamin varieties. This article presents the results of three-year studies of the biochemical composition and taste of introduced strawberry varieties. The research was conducted in 2018-2020 on the basis of the Orenburg branch of the Research Center of Horticulture in the Orenburg Region. The aim of the study was to select the best samples by biochemical composition for further use in horticulture and breeding. The evaluation of varieties by chemical composition was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. The zoned varieties Orletz and Zenga Zengana served as a control. According to biochemical parameters, the content of soluble solids ranged from 4.0 to 9.1 %, with an average content of 7.5 %; titrated acidity was from 0.57 to 1.07 %, with an average content of 0.88 %; the content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was from 31.6 to 62.7 mg%, with an average content of 48.4 mg%.The average tasting rating of the studied varieties was 4.4 points. The control varieties Orletz and Zenga Zengana had 4.0 and 4.2 points, respectively. As a result of the study varieties Kokinskaya Zarya, Pervoklassnitsa, Polka, Troubadour, Tsaritsa were revealed according to individual biochemical parameters and taste and can be used as a valuable source for further breeding work.
Educating	Dropouts	in	Rural	Areas:	Capacity	Building	of	Teacher	Trainers
Authors: Durrani Rukhsana , Akram Humaira Akram , Kanwal Shamsa
Published: December 2021

This study was designed to explore the effectiveness of training, which was arranged for the capacity
building of trainers of teachers. These trainers were further responsible for the training of teachers who were teaching
dropped out girls in the rural areas of Pakistan. This capacity-building training consisted of the trainers' professional
development and subject knowledge enhancement. The training sessions were monitoring and evaluation,
communication skills, Gender and protection, adult psychology, and teaching techniques of language, science, and
mathematics of elementary level of education of dropped out learners. All 125 trainers were selected for obtaining the
responses. It was mixed-method research, and data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The data
results revealed that the training workshop sessions remained very fruitful for trainers, and it increased their
learning about the teaching profession and teaching to dropped out students in marginalized areas
Pakistan and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime
Authors: Riaz Anum , Akbar Muqarrab
Published: December 2021

The arrival of nuclear weapons was detrimental in changing the nature of warfare; duringWWII, we used nuclear weapons on two Japanese cities. The catastrophic effect of nuclear weapons made the pioneers apprehensive about the spread of nuclear technology across the globe. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime (NNPR) is a set of international rules, norms, initiatives, agreements, arrangements, bilateral and multilateral treaties to curb the spread of nuclear weapons and technology. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is the backbone of NNPR. This paper discusses the significance of NNPR and will focus on how Pakistan fits into the bigger picture of the NNPR as a nuclear state. This research study will further analyze the prospects and challenges for Pakistan viz a viz the NNPR. It will specifically focus on Pakistan's official position on joining the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT), and the two relevant Export Control Regimes (Nuclear Suppliers Group and Missile Technology Control Regime). Moreover, the challenges Pakistan faces viz-a-viz these treaties and arrangements will be highlighted. Recommendations will be provided based on the prospects of how Pakistan can overcome these challenges.
Sumarni inventar fonda Narodni odbor općine Barban 1952. – 1955.
Authors: Hrelja Hendi
Published: December 2021

Narodni odbor općine
Barban počinje djelovati 1952. godine prestankom rada Mjesnoga narodnog odbora
Barban čije područje prelazi pod njegovu nadležnost, zajedno s mjestima
Hreljići i Manjadvorci, koji su dotad pripadali pod nadležnost Mjesnoga
narodnog odbora Rakalj (1947. – 1952.). S radom prestaje 1955. godine kada
područje njegove nadležnosti prelazi pod novoosnovani Narodni odbor općine Vodnjan
(1955. – 1960.).
Kao
upravno tijelo lokalne nadležnosti obavljao je poslove iz komunalnoga,
gospodarskog, socijalnog i kulturno-prosvjetnog područja značajne za razvoj i
djelovanje općine. Svoje je poslove obavljao putem svojih savjeta te sjednica
koje su se sazivale najmanje jednom mjesečno.
Gradivo
je Skupština općine Pula predala u Arhiv u više navrata 1970., 1971. i 1991.
godine zajedno s gradivom povezanih stvaratelja. Sređivanje je obavljeno 2014.,
a sumarni je inventar izrađen u lipnju iste godine. Struktura fonda u osnovnim je
crtama formirana sukladno odredbama iz Naredbe
o planu jedinstvenih arhivskih znakova za sve organe uprave na teritoriju Narodne
Republike Hrvatske (NN 7/58) iz 1958. godine te se sastoji od jedanaest
osnovnih cjelina (serija): »Uredske
evidencije«, »Opći poslovi«, »Rad i radni odnosi«, »Unutrašnji poslovi«, »Privreda«, »Financije«, »Imovinsko-pravni poslovi«, »Zdravstvo i socijalna
zaštita«, »Prosvjeta i kultura«, »Pravosuđe« i »Narodna obrana«. Najveći
dio gradiva fonda pripada privredi, odnosno komunalnim poslovima. Sačuvani su
brojni spisi u svezi s adaptacijom i podizanjem objekata te spisi iz područja
poljoprivrede i šumarstva jer su te privredne grane bile najzastupljenije. Brojni
su predmeti također u svezi s agrarnom reformom i kolonizacijom te dodjelom
zemlje za obrađivanje što svjedoči o pretežito ruralnom karakteru toga područja
u razdoblju djelovanja stvaratelja.
Dominium quoad protectionem: Savez Dvigrada s Hugonom VIII. Devinskim iz 1386. godine
Authors: Banić Josip
Published: December 2021

Autor
priređuje i analizira neobjavljenu listinu, izdanu 1386. godine u Dvigradu,
kojom je sklopljen savez između dvigradske komune, nominalno pod jurisdikcijom
akvilejskih patrijarha, i Hugona VIII. Devinskog, kapetana susjedne Istarske
grofovije, upravne regije pod vrhovnom vlašću kuće Habsburg. Ističući razne
nedaće koje su pogodile Akvilejski patrijarhat i Markgrofoviju Istru tijekom
zadnjih desetljeća 14. stoljeća, imenovanje je Hugona VIII. kao novoga advokata
(tj. zaštitnika, lat. advocatus) Dvigrada interpretirano u svjetlu
jurisdikcijskoga pluraliteta, poroznih granica istarskoga srednjovjekovlja i,
najvažnije, recipročne naravi odnosa između gospodara i podanika. Autor
zaključuje da je novoutemeljeni savez bio prvenstveno motiviran nemoći
tadašnjih istarskih markgrofova da svojim podanicima pruže primjerenu vojnu
zaštitu, pogotovo u kontekstu tradicionalnih graničnih sporova između podanika
akvilejske Crkve s jedne i Istarske grofovije s druge strane. Štoviše, kako je
Akvilejski patrijarhat potonuo u građanski rat, koji je suprotstavio promletački
tabor na čelu s Udinama protiv propadovanskoga, koji su vodili de iure
patrijarh Filip d’Alençon i Čedad, Hugon VIII. Devinski postao je jedan od
najmoćnijih regionalnih vlastodržaca. Istovremeno, tadašnji istarski markgrof,
Dujam od Castella, otvoreno je podržavao promletački front te mu je stoga zakoniti
patrijarh d’Alençon osporavao legitimitet ureda; Hugon VIII., s druge strane,
ostao je službeno neutralan u ovom sukobu, ali je prešutno podržavao propadovanski
savez, postajući de facto neprijatelj istarskoga markgrofa Dujma, de
iure gospodara Dvigrada. Upravo je u tom kontekstu neprijateljstva, krize i
neizvjesnosti građanskoga rata dvigradska komuna, na čije su teritorije
najvjerojatnije pljačkaški upadali podanici Pazinske knežije uz podršku samoga
Hugona VIII., odlučila sklopiti savez sa svojim moćnim susjedom, preferirajući
imenovati tadašnjega kapetana Pazina kao svojega službenog zaštitnika i plaćati
mu godišnji danak (tj. reket), nego ostati vjerna nemoćnoj akvilejskoj Crkvi.
Arhivi, zajednica i društvo u globalnom okruženju
Authors: Lemić Vlatka
Published: December 2021

Uz stručne poslove u svezi sa zaštitom, obradom i dostupnošću gradiva, rad arhiva
danas uvelike oblikuju i suvremeni društveni procesi, ponajviše brzi razvoj
tehnologija i društva znanja te kulturne, gospodarske i socijalne promjene
izazvane migracijskim i globalizacijskim trendovima. Iz perspektive arhiva kao
informacijskih servisa podrazumijeva se njihovo djelovanje kao otvorenih
ustanova dostupnih svim korisnicima, koje aktivno pridonose kulturnom životu i
oblikovanju identiteta svojih osnivača i zajednice u kojoj djeluju te privlače
raznoliku publiku. U radu se predstavljaju međunarodne arhivske stručne prakse i aktivnosti u svezi s digitalizacijom i dostupnošću arhivskih izvora te tekući europski arhivski projekti i programi u svezi s novim arhivskim konceptima i širenjem
informacijskih funkcija i usluga arhiva te najznačajnije europske suradničke
arhivske platforme.
The Effectiveness of the Strategy for Empowering Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMES) During the 2020 Covid-19 Pandemic at the NTB Province Cooperatives and SMES Office
Authors: Fitriani Lia , Ali Muhammad , Maniza Lalu Hendra
Published: December 2021

One of the attempts to recover micro-enterprises from the effects of the Covid 19 outbreak is the empowerment of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises by the SME Cooperative Office of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The empowerment given is in the form of a program involving Micro and Small Enterprises to provide a Social Security Net (SSP) and provide economic stimuli to encourage resources. This assistance is used to restore the economy of the citizens affected by the Covid-19 Pandemic by providing the opportunity to generate their business results as a means of involvement in preventing Covid-19, which would help the Micro and Small Bu affected. Also, it can provide an opportunity to start a business Back during the economic crisis. Some problems occur in its implementation, namely the lack of capital to empower all Micro and Small Businesses Affected by the Covid-19 Pandemic so that not all Micro and Small Businesses in West Nusa Tenggara Province can be empowered. This study aimed to describe and analyze the strategy's effectiveness for the empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2020 at the West Nusa Tenggara Province UKM Cooperative Office. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The informants used in this study used the purposive sampling technique. The research informants consisted of the head of the UKM Division, the Head of the UKM Development Section, the Head of the NTB Province UKM Koprasi Program Division Head, and Empowered UKM Players. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was performed by collecting data, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study showed that the effectiveness of the Strategy for the Empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises during the 2020 Covid-19 Pandemic in the West Nusa Tenggara Province of the UKM Cooperative Service could not be said to be good because only two indicators have been defined as good. They are indicators of targeting accuracy and the social program.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN HUTANG PERUSAHAAN DITINJAU DARI TEORI KEAGENAN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN OTOMOTIF DAN ONDERDIL OTOMOTIF YANG GO PUBLIK DI BEI)
Authors: Wirastomo Handoyo , Ali Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial dan kepemilikan institusional terhadap kebijakan hutang perusahaan. Penelitian ini berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Wahidahwati (2001) yang menemukan bahwa struktur kepemilikan berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan hutang perusahaan untuk mengurangi konflik keagenan. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang teradaftar di BEI. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, dan diperoleh 57 sampel perusahaan selama tiga tahun. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda.
STRATEGI SALES PROMOTION PRICE DISCOUNT DALAM MENDORONG PEMBELIAN IMPULSIF PRODUK JENIS MINUMAN ISOTONIK Di PT. AMERTA INDAH OTSUKA”.
Authors: Maniza Lalu Hendra , Hafiz Abdul , Saleh Amin
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul “strategi sales promotion price discount dalam mendorong pembelian impulsif produk jenis minuman isotonik di pt. amerta indah otsuka” mempunyai tujuan untuk menggambarkan strategi seles promotion price discount dalam mendorong pembelian impulsif produk jenis minuman isotonic di PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka. Pada penelitian ini Metode yang di gunakan ialah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Adapun  informan dalam penelitian ini para konsumen yang menjadi pelanggan di PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka yang berada di sekitar Lombok Timur. Penentuan informan menggunakan tehnik probabilitiy sampling dengan simple random sampling, dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan Pengumpulan Data, reduksi data, penyajian data serta penyimpulan dan penyajian data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Variabel discount dapat mendorong peningkatan impulse buying konsumen pada PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka. discount yang diberiakn mampu meningkatkan volume penjulan minuman jenis isotenik pada PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka. Berarti strategi seles promosi dengan menggunakan diskon sudah berhasil dan mampu menarik atau mempengaruhi minat beli masyarakat,  Disamping promosi seles diskon yang digunakan pihak PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka harus juga memperhatikan  merchandising produknya Karen hal ini juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap keingin konsumen untuk mau berbelanja di PT. Amerta Indah Otsuka
Covid-19 salgını sonrası aşırı turizm: Uluslararası destinasyonlarla ilgili e-haberlerin içerik analizi
Authors: KARAHAN Samet , ÖZTÜRK Yüksel
Published: December 2021

Aşırı turizm son yıllarda özellikle popüler destinasyonları olumsuz etkileyen sorunlardan biri haline gelmiştir. Taşıma kapasitesinin aşılması ile birlikte aşırı kalabalıkların belli zamanlarda bir bölgede yoğunlaşması sonucu hem yerel halka hem de ziyaretçilere verilen rahatsızlığın ifadesi olarak kullanılmaktadır. 2020 yılında hayatımıza girdikten sonra seyahat alışkanlıklarını tamamen değiştiren Covid-19 salgınının ardından, turizmin normale dönüp dönemeyeceği merak konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, 1 Nisan-31 Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında Google Haberlerde yer alan aşırı turizm ile ilgili 101 adet e-haber tematik içerik analizi ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre en fazla haber Venedik, Hawaii, Amsterdam, Floransa ve Barselona destinasyonları ile ilgili yapılmıştır. İçerik analizi sonuçlarına göre kalabalık, yerel halk, sürdürülebilirlik, taşıma kapasitesi ve sosyal medya olmak üzere 5 ana tema tespit edilmiştir. Tüm temalar aşırı turizmin ortaya çıkışı, nedenleri, sonuçları ve önlemleri ile uyuştuğundan özellikle popular destinasyonlarda Covid-19 salgını sonrası aşırı turizmin etkilerinin tekrar hissedildiği söylenebilir.
Türkiye’de illerin turist geliş ve geceleme sayılarına göre konumlandırılmasında çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi
Authors: KUVAT Özlem
Published: December 2021

Günümüzde turizm sektöründe; ülkeler, ülke grupları, bölgeler, ya da iller gibi birimlerin karşılaştırılması, sıralanması veya gruplandırılması rekabet açısından avantajların sağlanabilmesi ve ekonomik amaçlara ulaşılabilmesi için yol gösterici bir niteliğe sahiptir. Bu çalışmaların gerçekleştirilmesinde çok değişkenli istatistiksel teknikler pek çok değişkenin birlikte değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2017-2020 yılları için Türkiye’de iller bazında geliş durumları ve geceleme sayılarının analizi çok değişkenli istatistik tekniklerinden biri olan Çok boyutlu ölçekleme ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. TÜİK'ten elde edilen Turizm İşletme Belgeli konaklama tesislerinde geliş durumları ve geceleme sayıları olarak; yabancı turistlerin tesise geliş sayıları, yabancı turistlerin geceleme sayıları, yerli turistlerin tesise geliş sayıları ve yerli turistlerin geceleme sayıları verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi kullanılarak illerin konumu koordinatlar ve grafikler yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; iller arasındaki dağılımın eşit olmadığı, bunun sonucunda da benzer özellik gösteren illerin yakın konumlandığı ve farklılaşan illerin uzaklaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
Determining the professional competency levels of social studies teachers: A study of scale development and application
Authors: ÇOPUR Ahmet , DEMİREL Muammer
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the areas of teachers’ needs for their professional development, and to develop a scale for assessing the competency levels of social studies teachers. The participants of the study were composed of social studies teacher who were selected using convenience sampling method. In the study, a mixed research method was preferred. While, the quantitative dimension of the research was conducted with 480, the qualitative dimension was conducted with 8 social studies teachers. The data were collected via the Social Studies Competency Scale, an observation form and a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0, AMOS 23.0, rubric, and content analysis. The findings obtained from the Social Studies Competency Scale showed that the competency levels of teachers were generally high. However, in-class observations revealed that teachers had a medium level of competence in planning and generating the teaching process, knowledge on the field and education, and in areas such as methods, techniques and equipment, and that they showed a low level of competence in some performance indicators of those areas. In this respect, it was concluded that supporting the quantitative findings obtained during the determination of professional development needs with qualitative findings was of crucial importance for an accurate determination of the areas of need.
The regional forum of the sustainable tourism of Brejo and its Role in the interiorization of tourism in Paraíba/Brazil
Authors: ENDRES Ana Valéria
Published: December 2021

In Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, the sun and sea segment is the main responsible for the flow of visitors in the state, being the segment that receives the most government investments in planning and promotion, to the detriment of the interior regions that figure in the background. The main policy of Ministry of Tourism is the Tourism Regionalization Program, which aims to manage, structure and promote tourism in a decentralized manner, transferring the responsibility for its development to the tourist regions, thus opening up possibilities for the interiorization of the activity. The Paraibano Tourist Region is one of the few in the interior of the state that has a growing tourist movement and an organizational dynamism that makes it stand out from the rest. Thus, the question is: What are the determinants of interests that move between the order established by public policy and the horizontal relations, of a more organic nature, forged within the Region? Are there more or less strong indications that the actions guided by the Program and those implemented by the Regional Forum for Sustainable Tourism in Brejo have been contributing to the interiorization of tourism in Paraíba? That said, the main goal of this study is to investigate the performance of the Regional Forum for Sustainable Tourism of Brejo and its contributions to the process of interiorization of tourism in Paraíba. This is a descriptive and qualitative research that uses bibliographic and documentary data, as well as data collected in field visits. The reticular perspective was also used as a methodological resource. Data were analyzed and interpreted through the conceptual repertoire of the fields of Geography and Political Sociology for the understanding of local dynamics, guided by the verticality and horizontality imposed by public tourism policy in the Region. The conclusion reached is that the increase in tourism happens horizontally, that is, the most significant actions for regional tourism planning arise in the region, from the articulation of local actors, mainly through and around the Forum.
Owner’s role in realization of labor rights of employee
Authors: Mironov Vladinir
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of fulfillment of obligations of the employer who depends on the owner. The owner is not a subject of labor law. For these reason he is not responsible for the obligations of the employer to employees. In turn, the employer is not able to fulfill obligations in labor relations without providing the owner with the necessary funds. Emerging in the field of labor relations conflicts often get settled by restriction of the labor rights of the employees. Typical examples in this situation are used in this article. The authors have tried to develop recommendations to attract the owner to fulfill the obligations of the employer in labor relations.
TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE BATTLE AS A FEAST TOPOS IN THE HISTORICAL SONGS OF THE 18–19th CENTURIES
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (the Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanova Tat’iana Grigor’evna
Published: December 2021

Drawing the material from the various cycles of the Russian historical songs composed by the soldiers in the 18–19th centuries, the article considers the universal battle as a feast topos that had first emerged in the Lay of Igor’s Regiment. Songs from various cycles are analyzed, those about the Russian-Swedish, Russian-Turkish, Russian-French wars. The topos is primarily used in two situations: in the words addressed by the Russian soldiers to the enemy and in the words of a character who perceives his injury or hardships of military life through culinary images. Various versions of the topos are identifi ed: with a toponymic component (flatbreads baked in Moscow and Tula); with elements of table decoration (tablecloths, plates, etc.); with decoding of metaphorical images (tables — Preobrazhensky Regiment); folding the topos into one word («treat» the enemy). Observations on the lyrics are summarized in a table, which clearly demonstrates that the core of the figurative system of the topos is comprised of the images associated with grain (bread, pies, flatbreads, etc.). The frequent use of grain images leads to believe that the songs were based on the mundane, ritual and folkloric experiences of the Russian peasantry.
“The Feast of Peter the First”: The last “lesson to the Tsar”?
Authors:   Emory University, Proskurina Vera
Published: December 2021

This article analyzes the historical, literary, and political context of Pushkinʼs poem “The Feast of Peter the First”, as well as its reception by authorities. The author investigates the sources which guided the poet (most importantly, Derzhavinʼs complimentary and ironic odes). The author shows that the poem was not yet another “freedom-loving” ideological text, which criticizes the regime or opposes two tsars in order to demonstrate the superiority of the fi rst. On the contrary, it served as a “dedication” of the magazine “Sovremennik” to Tsar Nicholas I. The poem inspired the tsar to organize a naval parade on July 3 1836, featuring “Peterʼs little boat”. The symbolic projection of Pushkinʼs text was embodied in the reality of the celebration, and it turned out to be the only “lesson” that the authorities would extract from the poetʼs text.
An African Episode in the Life of Pushkinʼs Granddaughter (E. A. Rosen-Meyer)
Authors:   Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gorelik Boris
Published: December 2021

The circumstances and reasons for the departure of A. Pushkinʼs granddaughter, Elena Alexandrovna Rosen-Meyer, from Turkey to South Africa in 1923, after failed negotiations over the sale of Pushkinʼs personal items to A. Onegin and M. Gofman, remain unclear. Documents at the National Archives of South Africa, as well as materials, testimonies and literature related to persons involved in this move indicate that the Rosen-Meyer family went to Africa on the recommendation of Pushkinʼs descendants in England. Thanks to the connections of Sir Harold Wernher and his wife, Anastasia Mikhailovna (Lady Zia), a job was found for Rosen-Meyerʼs husband with a business associate of the Wernher family. A prominent South African businessman and member of parliament, Sir Abe Bailey, off ered a position to N. Rosen-Meyer at his estate “Rust-en-Vrede” in the town of Muizenberg; Bailey would hold informal meetings with leading South African politicians and public fi gures at Rust-enVrede. The Pushkin items seen by Gofman at Rosen-Meyerʼs home before her departure from Turkey remained in her possession on her return from South Africa in the late 1920s.
Implementation of the Tourism Development Master Plan Policy in the Tourism Village of Kepuharjo, Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency
Authors:   Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta, Miyayi Endah Neni
Published: December 2021

Based on Law Number 23 of 2014, the potential for improving community welfare is an optional affair by the government. This encourages every local government to develop a tourist village. Therefore, this study provides an overview of the application of the rules in order to develop the Kepuharjo Tourism Village in Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency. Furthermore, this study uses the type of rule application from George C. Edward III. In the preparation of this research, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach. This means that the types of data sources used are primary and secondary data. Based on the results of interviews and observations, it can be concluded that the implementation of the policy for developing the Tourism Village of Kepuharjo Village is not optimal. The implementation of the program is not optimal because there are several factors that influence the development of tourism villages, namely from the resources and bureaucratic structures. Meanwhile, the driving factors for the development of the tourism village are aspects of communication and disposition.
Amplificação isotérmica mediada por loop para detecção de patógenos de plantas
Authors: Neves Carolina Garcia , Souza Júnior Ismail Teodoro de , Barros Danielle Ribeiro de
Published: December 2021

Disease control is crucial to minimize potential losses in agriculture and thereby maintain high crop yield. However, for its effectiveness, the pathogen must be detected early and correctly in the production fields. Different methods of diagnosis can be used, from those based on symptoms to molecular tests. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a molecular technique that has been widely used in several biological fields, due to the ease with which it can be applied. The reaction can be carried out in a single thermal condition, due to the use of Bst DNA polymerase, isolated from the bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus, which has high displacement activity. LAMP is a highly exponential amplification method that produces the target DNA in amounts 109 -1010 times between 45 and 60 minutes at 60-65°C. Its advantages are the visualization of results directly with the naked eye and the fact that it does not need sophisticated equipment for its application. In phytopathology, the technique has been gaining prominence in the detection of fungi, viruses, bacteria, nematodes and phytoplasmas, as well as in the monitoring of fungicide-resistant fungi. LAMP can benefit agriculture so that early, accurate and sensitive diagnostics can be carried out in the fields of cultivation and minimize losses caused by diseases. In this review, we present and discuss LAMP tests, developed for plant pathogens detection, which can be useful for researchers who wish to use the technique in their research area
DETECTION OF THE DSSS SIGNAL WITH VARIABLE PN CODES USING THE ANN
Authors: Y. Khudhair Aya , Khalid Rajaa aldeen A.
Published: December 2021

- Direct sequence spread spectrum systems appeared and are used to protect the transmitted data DSSS Systems might be one of the solutions for reliable and secured communications. Also, it is one of the approaches used by signals for transmitting bandwidth larger compared to the satisfied frequency related to the original information. The communication systems of SS were vital to suppress interference, complicating the detection and processing of secure communications, the technology of spread spectrum (DSSS) has been initially created for military applications. In a traditional DSSS system, the PN code is the primary key to make the receiver recover the transmitted data. In this paper, by using the MATLAB R2020a is used to simulate the proposed system, it is considered that the transmitter sends data bits and wants to protect the sent data by making each bit send with a PN code consisting of 127 bits randomly without informing the receiver of that. here the artificial neural network (ANN) was used as a tool to find the PN code for each initial value of 7 flip-flops. so, the receiver could detect the transmitted data with BER =0.
IMAGE RETRIEVAL BASED ON DISCRETE CURVELET TRANSFORM
Authors: Al-Obaide Zahraa H. , Al-Ani Ayad A.
Published: December 2021

Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a process of searching for an image according to the content or feature that is within it. Nowadays, most image retrieval applications have been developed to meet these needs, so this application will provide comfort in introducing and searching for an image. This paper proposed a standard structured framework with three stages: Preprocessing is the first step, in which noise from images is removed using various filters. The filters' results are compared to determine the best and most appropriate filter for the images. Feature Extraction of images using Curvelet Transform is the second stage. The third stage includes similarity measurement between query image features to database image features and extracting the identical image from the image dataset. The system was performed using Matlab 2017b, GUI and, with ten different classes of 1000 images using a coral database. The results show improved performance of precision and recall when higher decomposition levels are used.
Elastic-plastic fracture analysis of anisotropy effect on AA2050-T84 alloy at different temperatures: A Numerical Study
Authors: Kodancha Krishnaraja , Ekabote Nagaraj , Revankar P P
Published: December 2021

The third generation Al-Li alloy AA2050-T84 is widely used in aircraft applications due to its lightweight and significant mechanical properties. The anisotropic variations of tensile and compression properties of this alloy at various temperatures are substantial. In this work, the variations of the J-integral, CTOD, and Plastic Zone Size (PZS) due to anisotropy of a 4-inch thick AA2050-T84 plate at ambient and cryogenic temperatures were studied numerically by using Compact Tension (C(T)) specimen. The material anisotropy resulted in fracture and constraint parameter variation for Mode-I constant load. Numerical results indicated a decrease in crack driving forces and a constraint parameter with the decrease in temperature at the plate surface and central location. Plate surface locations appear to be isotropic for both temperatures under elastic-plastic fracture analyses as crack driving forces were almost identical. The temperature effect is more on constraint as the normalized PZS values at ambient temperature have been twice that of cryogenic temperature. The isotropic behavior of a plate under sub-zero temperature makes the plate suitable for cryogenic temperature applications.
Effect of nylon fabric reinforcement on the mechanical performance of adhesive joints made between glass and GFRP
Authors: Munafò Placido , Marchione Francesco , Chiappini Gianluca , Marchini Monica
Published: December 2021

The use of reinforcements in adhesive joints makes the stress distribution more uniform, improving their mechanical performance and adhesion. The present paper aims to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the insertion of nylon 6 fabric in the adhesive layer, to study their applicability and functionality in building components. The increase in stiffness achieved by applying nylon 6 fabric in the adhesive layer between glass and GFRP pultruded profiles and steel laminates applied to GFRP beams is investigated. Three different epoxy adhesives and one epoxy resin are used and compared. Three different types of tests are carried out in order to study the different properties of the reinforcement system: tensile tests on GFRP/GFRP single-lap adhesive joints, with and without nylon fabric reinforcement; tensile tests on double-lap adhesive joints between float glass and pultruded GFRP profiles reinforced with nylon fabric according to four configurations (in the middle plane of the adhesive layer, on the glass surfaces, on the GFRP surfaces, on both GFRP and glass configurations) to verify the influence of its position; three-point bending tests on long GFRP tubular profiles reinforced with steel plates and nylon fabric in different configurations, to study resistance to bending loads. The results from the experimental campaign show the effectiveness of the reinforcement system using nylon fabric 6. In general, both a reduction in ultimate strength and an increase in joint stiffness compared to unreinforced configurations are observed.
Damage accumulation near the cold-expanded hole due to high-cycle fatigue by crack compliance method
Authors: Eleonsky Sviatoslav , Matvienko Yuri , Pisarev Vladimir , Zajtsev Michael
Published: December 2021

The novel destructive method is implemented for quantitative assessment of fatigue damage accumulation in the stress concentration zone accompanied by residual stress due to cold expansion of the through-thickness hole. Damage accumulation is reached by preliminary cyclic loading of plane specimens with cold-expanded holes. Narrow notches, emanating from the hole edge at different stages of high-cycle fatigue, serve to manifest a damage level. These notches are inserted without applying external load. Deformation response to local material removing, caused by pure residual stress influence, is measured by electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) in terms of in-plane displacement components. Normalized values of the notch mouth open displacement (NMOD), in-plane displacement component at the initial point of the notch acting in the notch direction (U0), in-plane displacement component at the final point of the notch acting in the notch direction (U1) and the stress intensity factor (SIF) are used as current damage indicators. Numerical integration of curves, describing an evolution of each fracture mechanics parameter over lifetime, produces the damage accumulation function in an explicit form. It is established that all four fracture mechanics parameters give very close results.
Numerical investigation of the cold-formed I-beams bending strength with different web shapes
Authors: Kouider Nadia , Hadidane Yazid , Benzerara Mohammed
Published: December 2021

The wide use of cold-formed sections (CFS) in the field of steel constructions, favored by the multiple advantages they offer (lightness, ease of installation, etc.), has led us to reflect on a new process for manufacture of metal beams allowing the design of very large span hangars and a reduction in instability problems. This paper presents a study of the theoretical and numerical behavior of a large span CFS beam with different webs, a solid web, a triangular corrugated web, and a trapezoidal corrugated web. These beams are stressed by a concentrated bending load at mid-span. Numerical modeling was done using the finite element software ABAQUS. The results were validated with those theoretically found, based on the effective width method adopted in standard EN1993-1-3. The load capacity and failure modes of the beams were discussed. According to numerical and analytical analysis, corrugated web beams perform better than all other sections.