bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Identification, Classification and Expression Analysis of the MYB Transcription Factor Family in Petunia
Authors: Chen Guanqun , He Weizhi , Guo Xiangxin , Pan Junsong
Published: May 2021

A lot of researches have been focused on the evolution and function of MYB transcription factors (TFs). For revealing the formation of petunia flower color diversity, MYB gene family in petunia was identified and analyzed. In this study, a total of 155 MYB genes, including 40 1R-MYBs, 106 R2R3-MYBs, 7 R1R2R3-MYBs and 2 4R-MYBs, have been identified in the Petunia axillaris genome. Most R2R3 genes contain three exons and two introns, whereas the number of PaMYB introns varies from 0 to 12. The R2R3-MYB members could be divided into 28 subgroups. Analysis of gene structure and protein motifs revealed that members within the same subgroup presented similar exon/intron and motif organization, further supporting the results of phylogenetic analysis. Genes in subgroup 10, 11 and 21 were mainly expressed in petal, not in vegetative tissues. Genes in subgroup 9, 19, 25 and 27 expressed in all tissues, but the expression patterns of each gene were different. According to the promoter analysis, five R2R3-MYB and two MYB-related genes contained MBSI cis-element, which was involved in flavonoid biosynthetic regulation. PaMYB100/DPL has been reported to positively regulate to pigmentation. However, although PaMYB82, PaMYB68 and Pa1RMYB36 contained MBSI cis-element, their function in flavonoid biosynthesis has not been revealed. Consistent with existing knowledge, PaMYBs in subgroup 11 had similar function to AtMYBs in subgroup 6, genes in which played an important role in anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, PaMYB1 and PaMYB40 belonged to P9 (S7) and were potentially involved in regulation of flavonoid synthesis in petunia vegetative organs. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the MYB gene family in petunia and lays a significant foundation for future studies on the function and evolution of MYB genes in petunia.
Genome-Wide Analyses of the Temperature-Responsive Genetic Loci of the Pectinolytic Plant Pathogenic Pectobacterium atrosepticum
Authors: Kaczynska Natalia , Lojkowska Ewa , Narajczyk Magdalena , Czajkowski Robert
Published: May 2021

Temperature is one of the critical factors affecting gene expression in bacteria. Despite the general interest in the link between bacterial phenotypes and environmental temperature, little is known about temperature-dependent gene expression in plant pathogenic Pectobacterium atrosepticum, a causative agent of potato blackleg and tuber soft rot worldwide. In this study, twenty-nine P. atrosepticum SCRI1043 thermoregulated genes were identified using Tn5-based transposon mutagenesis coupled with an inducible promotorless gusA gene as a reporter. From the pool of 29 genes, 14 were up-regulated at 18 °C, whereas 15 other genes were up-regulated at 28 °C. Among the thermoregulated loci, genes involved in primary bacterial metabolism, membrane-related proteins, fitness-corresponding factors, and several hypothetical proteins were found. The Tn5 mutants were tested for their pathogenicity in planta and for features that are likely to remain important for the pathogen to succeed in the (plant) environment. Five Tn5 mutants expressed visible phenotypes differentiating these mutants from the phenotype of the SCRI1043 wild-type strain. The gene disruptions in the Tn5 transposon mutants caused alterations in bacterial generation time, ability to form a biofilm, production of lipopolysaccharides, and virulence on potato tuber slices. The consequences of environmental temperature on the ability of P. atrosepticum to cause disease symptoms in potato are discussed.
CRISPR/Cas12-Based Ultra-Sensitive and Specific Point-of-Care Detection of HBV
Authors: Ding Ronghua , Long Jinzhao , Yuan Mingzhu , Zheng Xue , Shen Yue , Jin Yuefei , Yang Haiyan , Li Hao , Chen Shuaiyin , Duan Guangcai
Published: May 2021

Hepatitis B remains a major global public health challenge, with particularly high prevalence in medically disadvantaged western Pacific and African regions. Although clinically available technologies for the qPCR detection of HBV are well established, research on point-of-care testing has not progressed substantially. The development of a rapid, accurate point-of-care test is essential for the prevention and control of hepatitis B in medically disadvantaged rural areas. The development of the CRISPR/Cas system in nucleic acid detection has allowed for pathogen point-of-care detection. Here, we developed a rapid and accurate point-of-care assay for HBV based on LAMP-Cas12a. It innovatively solves the problem of point-of-care testing in 10 min, particularly the problem of sample nucleic acid extraction. Based on LAMP-Cas12a, visualization of the assay results is presented by both a fluorescent readout and by lateral flow test strips. The lateral flow test strip technology can achieve results visible to the naked eye, while fluorescence readout can achieve real-time high-sensitivity detection. The fluorescent readout-based Cas12a assay can achieve HBV detection with a limit of detection of 1 copy/μL within 13 min, while the lateral flow test strip technique only takes 20 min. In the evaluation of 73 clinical samples, the sensitivity and specificity of both the fluorescence readout and lateral flow test strip method were 100%, and the results of the assay were fully comparable to qPCR. The LAMP-Cas12a-based HBV assay relies on minimal equipment to provide rapid, accurate test results and low costs, providing significant practical value for point-of-care HBV detection.
Combined Radionuclide Therapy and Immunotherapy for Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Vito Alyssa , Rathmann Stephanie , Mercanti Natalie , El-Sayes Nader , Mossman Karen , Valliant John
Published: May 2021

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of the disease with poor clinical outcomes and limited therapeutic options. Immune checkpoint blockade (CP) has surged to the forefront of cancer therapies with widespread clinical success in a variety of cancer types. However, the percentage of TNBC patients that benefit from CP as a monotherapy is low, and clinical trials have shown the need for combined therapeutic modalities. Specifically, there has been interest in combining CP therapy with radiation therapy where clinical studies primarily with external beam have suggested their therapeutic synergy, contributing to the development of anti-tumor immunity. Here, we have developed a therapeutic platform combining radionuclide therapy (RT) and immunotherapy utilizing a radiolabeled biomolecule and CP in an E0771 murine TNBC tumor model. Survival studies show that while neither monotherapy is able to improve therapeutic outcomes, the combination of RT + CP extended overall survival. Histologic analysis showed that RT + CP increased necrotic tissue within the tumor and decreased levels of F4/80+ macrophages. Flow cytometry analysis of the peripheral blood also showed that RT + CP suppressed macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressive cells, both of which actively contribute to immune escape and tumor relapse.
Stem Cell Therapy for Modulating Neuroinflammation in Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Joshi Hari Prasad , Jo Hyun-Jung , Kim Yong-Ho , An Seong-Bae , Park Chul-Kyu , Han Inbo
Published: May 2021

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex, debilitating, chronic pain state, heterogeneous in nature and caused by a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Its pathogenesis involves a wide range of molecular pathways. NP treatment is extremely challenging, due to its complex underlying disease mechanisms. Current pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches can provide long-lasting pain relief to a limited percentage of patients and lack safe and effective treatment options. Therefore, scientists are focusing on the introduction of novel treatment approaches, such as stem cell therapy. A growing number of reports have highlighted the potential of stem cells for treating NP. In this review, we briefly introduce NP, current pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments, and preclinical studies of stem cells to treat NP. In addition, we summarize stem cell mechanisms—including neuromodulation in treating NP. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed to provide an overview of the neuroprotective effects of stem cells with particular emphasis on recent translational research regarding stem cell-based treatment of NP, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic approach.
Serine/Threonine Phosphatases in LTP: Two B or Not to Be the Protein Synthesis Blocker-Induced Impairment of Early Phase
Authors: Maltsev Alexander V. , Bal Natalia V. , Balaban Pavel M.
Published: May 2021

Dephosphorylation of target proteins at serine/threonine residues is one of the most crucial mechanisms regulating their activity and, consequently, the cellular functions. The role of phosphatases in synaptic plasticity, especially in long-term depression or depotentiation, has been reported. We studied serine/threonine phosphatase activity during the protein synthesis blocker (PSB)-induced impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP). Established protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B, calcineurin) inhibitor cyclosporin A prevented the LTP early phase (E-LTP) decline produced by pretreatment of hippocampal slices with cycloheximide or anisomycin. For the first time, we directly measured serine/threonine phosphatase activity during E-LTP, and its significant increase in PSB-treated slices was demonstrated. Nitric oxide (NO) donor SNAP also heightened phosphatase activity in the same manner as PSB, and simultaneous application of anisomycin + SNAP had no synergistic effect. Direct measurement of the NO production in hippocampal slices by the NO-specific fluorescent probe DAF-FM revealed that PSBs strongly stimulate the NO concentration in all studied brain areas: CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG). Cyclosporin A fully abolished the PSB-induced NO production in the hippocampus, suggesting a close relationship between nNOS and PP2B activity. Surprisingly, cyclosporin A alone impaired short-term plasticity in CA1 by decreasing paired-pulse facilitation, which suggests bi-directionality of the influences of PP2B in the hippocampus. In conclusion, we proposed a minimal model of signaling events that occur during LTP induction in normal conditions and the PSB-treated slices.
Tumor Dormancy: Implications for Invasion and Metastasis
Authors: Gomatou Georgia , Syrigos Nikolaos , Vathiotis Ioannis A. , Kotteas Elias A.
Published: May 2021

Tumor dormancy refers to a critical stage of cancer development when tumor cells are present, but cancer does not progress. It includes both the concept of cellular dormancy, indicating the reversible switch of a cancer cell to a quiescent state, and that of tumor mass dormancy, indicating the presence of neoplastic masses that have reached cell population equilibrium via balanced growth/apoptosis rates. Tumor dormancy provides the conceptual framework, potentially explaining a major challenge in clinical oncology, tumor recurrence, which may occur years after cancer diagnosis. The mechanisms by which tumors are kept dormant, and what triggers their reawakening, are fundamental questions in cancer biology. It seems that a plethora of intracellular pathways and extracellular factors are involved in this process, rewiring the cells to plastically alter their metabolic and proliferative status. This phenomenon is highly dynamic in space and time. Mechanistic insights into both cellular and tumor dormancy have provided the rationale for targeting this otherwise stable period of cancer development, in order to prevent recurrence and maximize therapeutic benefit.
Molecular, Cellular and Functional Changes in the Retinas of Young Adult Mice Lacking the Voltage-Gated K+ Channel Subunits Kv8.2 and K2.1
Authors: Jiang Xiaotian , Rashwan Rabab , Voigt Valentina , Nerbonne Jeanne , Hunt David M. , Carvalho Livia S.
Published: May 2021

Cone Dystrophy with Supernormal Rod Response (CDSRR) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder leading to severe visual impairment in humans, but little is known about its unique pathophysiology. We have previously shown that CDSRR is caused by mutations in the KCNV2 (Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Modifier Subfamily V Member 2) gene encoding the Kv8.2 subunit, a modulatory subunit of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels. In a recent study, we validated a novel mouse model of Kv8.2 deficiency at a late stage of the disease and showed that it replicates the human electroretinogram (ERG) phenotype. In this current study, we focused our investigation on young adult retinas to look for early markers of disease and evaluate their effect on retinal morphology, electrophysiology and immune response in both the Kv8.2 knockout (KO) mouse and in the Kv2.1 KO mouse, the obligate partner of Kv8.2 in functional retinal Kv channels. By evaluating the severity of retinal dystrophy in these KO models, we demonstrated that retinas of Kv KO mice have significantly higher apoptotic cells, a thinner outer nuclear cell layer and increased activated microglia cells in the subretinal space. Our results indicate that in the murine retina, the loss of Kv8.2 subunits contributes to early cellular and physiological changes leading to retinal dysfunction. These results could have potential implications in the early management of CDSRR despite its relatively nonprogressive nature in humans.
Mechanisms of PD-L1 Regulation in Malignant and Virus-Infected Cells
Authors: Farrukh Hadia , El-Sayes Nader , Mossman Karen
Published: May 2021

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), a receptor on T cells, and its ligand, PD-L1, have been a topic of much interest in cancer research. Both tumour and virus-infected cells can upregulate PD-L1 to suppress cytotoxic T-cell killing. Research on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has led to the development of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) as promising cancer therapies. Although effective in some cancer patients, for many, this form of treatment is ineffective due to a lack of immunogenicity in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Despite the development of therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, the mechanisms and pathways through which these proteins are regulated are not completely understood. In this review, we discuss the latest research on molecules of inflammation and innate immunity that regulate PD-L1 expression, how its expression is regulated during viral infection, and how it is modulated by different cancer therapies. We also highlight existing research on the development of different combination therapies with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies. This information can be used to develop better cancer immunotherapies that take into consideration the pathways involved in the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, so these molecules do not reduce their efficacy, which is currently seen with some cancer therapies. This review will also assist in understanding how the TME changes during treatment, which will provide further rationale for combination therapies.
In Silico Logical Modelling to Uncover Cooperative Interactions in Cancer
Authors: Selvaggio Gianluca , Chaouiya Claudine , Janody Florence
Published: May 2021

The multistep development of cancer involves the cooperation between multiple molecular lesions, as well as complex interactions between cancer cells and the surrounding tumour microenvironment. The search for these synergistic interactions using experimental models made tremendous contributions to our understanding of oncogenesis. Yet, these approaches remain labour-intensive and challenging. To tackle such a hurdle, an integrative, multidisciplinary effort is required. In this article, we highlight the use of logical computational models, combined with experimental validations, as an effective approach to identify cooperative mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in the context of cancer biology. In silico models overcome limitations of reductionist approaches by capturing tumour complexity and by generating powerful testable hypotheses. We review representative examples of logical models reported in the literature and their validation. We then provide further analyses of our logical model of Epithelium to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), searching for additional cooperative interactions involving inputs from the tumour microenvironment and gain of function mutations in NOTCH.
Plant Preparations and Compounds with Activities against Biofilms Formed by Candida spp.
Authors: Karpiński Tomasz M. , Ożarowski Marcin , Seremak-Mrozikiewicz Agnieszka , Wolski Hubert , Adamczak Artur
Published: May 2021

Fungi from the genus Candida are very important human and animal pathogens. Many strains can produce biofilms, which inhibit the activity of antifungal drugs and increase the tolerance or resistance to them as well. Clinically, this process leads to persistent infections and increased mortality. Today, many Candida species are resistant to drugs, including C. auris, which is a multiresistant pathogen. Natural compounds may potentially be used to combat multiresistant and biofilm-forming strains. The aim of this review was to present plant-derived preparations and compounds that inhibit Candida biofilm formation by at least 50%. A total of 29 essential oils and 16 plant extracts demonstrate activity against Candida biofilms, with the following families predominating: Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apiacae. Lavandula dentata (0.045–0.07 mg/L), Satureja macrosiphon (0.06–8 mg/L), and Ziziphora tenuior (2.5 mg/L) have the best antifungal activity. High efficacy has also been observed with Artemisia judaica, Lawsonia inermis, and Thymus vulgaris. Moreover, 69 plant compounds demonstrate activity against Candida biofilms. Activity in concentrations below 16 mg/L was observed with phenolic compounds (thymol, pterostilbene, and eugenol), sesquiterpene derivatives (warburganal, polygodial, and ivalin), chalconoid (lichochalcone A), steroidal saponin (dioscin), flavonoid (baicalein), alkaloids (waltheriones), macrocyclic bisbibenzyl (riccardin D), and cannabinoid (cannabidiol). The above compounds act on biofilm formation and/or mature biofilms. In summary, plant preparations and compounds exhibit anti-biofilm activity against Candida. Given this, they may be a promising alternative to antifungal drugs.
Arbuscular Mycorrhization Enhances Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Accumulation in Vicia faba by Modulating Soil Nutrient Balance under Elevated CO2
Authors: Shi Songmei , Luo Xie , Dong Xingshui , Qiu Yuling , Xu Chenyang , He Xinhua
Published: May 2021

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), and their interaction on nutrient accumulation of leguminous plants and soil fertility is unknown. Plant growth, concentrations of tissue nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in 12-week-old nodulated faba bean (Vicia faba, inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. NM353), and nutrient use efficiency were thus assessed under ambient CO2 (410/460 ppm, daytime, 07:00 a.m.–19:00 p.m./nighttime, 19:00 p.m.–07:00 a.m.) and eCO2 (550/610 ppm) for 12 weeks with or without AM fungus of Funneliformis mosseae inoculation. eCO2 favored AMF root colonization and nodule biomass production. eCO2 significantly decreased shoot N, P and K concentrations, but generally increased tissue N, P and K accumulation and their use efficiency with an increased biomass production. Meanwhile, eCO2 enhanced C allocation into soil but showed no effects on soil available N, P, and K, while AM symbiosis increased accumulation of C, N, P, and K in both plant and soil though increased soil nutrient uptake under eCO2. Moreover, plant acquisition of soil NO3−–N and NH4+–N respond differently to AMF and eCO2 treatments. As a result, the interaction between AM symbiosis and eCO2 did improve plant C accumulation and soil N, P, and K uptake, and an alternative fertilization for legume plantation should be therefore taken under upcoming atmosphere CO2 rising. Future eCO2 studies should employ multiple AMF species, with other beneficial fungal or bacterial species, to test their interactive effects on plant performance and soil nutrient availability in the field, under other global change events including warming and drought.
Un nuevo ciclo en la cooperación eurolatinoamericana: valores compartidos e intereses
Authors: Jung Tobias
Published: May 2021

La pandemia global ha provocado la mayor contracción en 200 años en América Latina y el Caribe, región que en los últimos años ya presentaba un crecimiento económico reducido y tensiones sociales al alza, debido a las brechas estructurales históricas en materia de desigualdades, diferencias en el acceso a servicios y derechos, limitado espacio fiscal y una reducida capacidad de redistribución, informalidad laboral y una productividad limitada. Si la Unión Europea quiere competir geoestratégicamente con China y Estados Unidos en América Latina y el Caribe, deberá apostar por los valores compartidos con la región, por el multilateralismo y la integración regional, por las políticas públicas y la economía social de mercado, por el Estado de derecho, y la cohesión social y territorial como garantes de estabilidad y condición previa para una recuperación verde y digital sostenible e inclusiva. Más allá de la reducida asignación presupuestaria para la región en el marco financiero 2021-2027 de la Unión Europea, el NDICI y el EFSD+ ofrecen a la Unión Europea las herramientas adecuadas para reforzar las alianzas con América Latina y el Caribe y contribuir a su desarrollo, siempre y cuando se apliquen mediante el prisma del principio del enfoque de políticas o policy first.
LA PRÁCTICA PROFESIONAL, GESTIÓN Y ANÁLISIS EN LA FACULTAD DE ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA BENEMÉRITA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE PUEBLA
Authors: Pérez-Terrón María Elena , Pérez-y-Terrón Rocío , Santiesteban-López Norma Angélica , Mora-Valseca Dulce María
Published: May 2021

La importancia de esta investigación sobre la Práctica Profesional en las Licenciaturas de Administración Turística y Gastronomía de la Facultad de Administración de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), radica en el objetivo de la información recopilada fue proporcionada por estudiantes de las Licenciaturas, en el desarrollo de sus Prácticas Profesionales (PP) y determinar el grado de aprendizaje del estudiantes en su formación y acompañamiento del docente-tutor, contribuyendo al autoconocimiento interdisciplinario y desarrollo de sus competencias laborales en las empresas de servicios donde realizan las PP. Se diseñó el instrumento de medición y evaluó a 120 estudiantes de ambas Licenciaturas en sus PP en tres periodos de tiempo -cuatrimestres- que son; verano y otoño 2016 y primavera 2017, encuestando 3 apartados: Funciones, Ambiente laboral y Administración con 5 preguntas cada una del instrumento. En base al método científico se consideraron dos tipos de variables; la variable independiente corresponde a la relación existente entre las PP de los estudiantes. La variable dependiente referida a la mejora del aprovechamiento escolar, medible por una entrevista dirigida a los docentes- tutores. Los resultados muestran puntos de coincidencia relevantes que contribuyen a potenciar la gestión de su propio conocimiento en el ámbito laboral.
STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Sanusi Fauji , Ganika Gerry
Published: May 2021

Pada umumnya, usaha kecil menengah (UKM) mengahadapi kesulitan dalam meningkatkan daya saing dalam industri. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan factor penyebabnya terletak pada rendahnya kualitas sumberdaya manusia terutama yang terkait dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Absorptive capacity merupakan kemampuan dalam menyerap informasi menjadi pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti empiris berkaitan dengan upaya peningkatan absorptive capacity pada 74 perusahaan konstruksi di Banten. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa Intelectual Stimulation dapat meningkatkan absorptive capacity secara positif dan signifikan. Sedangkan Explicit Knowledge Sharing tidak terbukti secara empiris mempengaruhi absorptive capacity.
Barriers to Exiting and Factors Contributing to the Cycle of Enter/Exit/Re-Entering Commericial Sex Work
Authors: Dinse Ling , Rice Karen
Published: May 2021

Commercial sex work is a high-risk job and individuals who desire to leave the sex industry find the process of exiting complex and full of obstacles.  This qualitative study identified the barriers to exiting and factors contributing to the cycle of enter/exit/re-entering commercial sex work.  This study found barriers in the individual, social, relational, and structural domains.  The results validated the use of the polymorphous paradigm to comprehend the challenges of exit and factors that reinforce the cycle of enter/exit/re-entering the industry.  The expanded knowledge from this study yielded insight for service providers to develop appropriate programs and services.  In addition, the study results challenged the faith community’s response to individuals engaged in the commercial sex industry.
Review of The Hate U Give: A Voice that Must be Heard
Authors: Burchell Lana
Published: May 2021

no abstract: book review
Father Absence in the Lives of Female African Youth Living in Mpumalanga, South Africa
Authors: Gerrand Priscilla , Nkuna Mzikazi
Published: May 2021

Father absence in the family system is a pervasive, critical social problem in South Africa. It is related to a number of issues such as rape, migration, denied paternity and incarceration. A qualitative case study conducted in Mpumalanga, South Africa, explored how African young women experience absent fathers. Non-probability, purposive and random sampling were used to recruit prospective participants. Data were gathered by personally interviewing twenty research participants, aged between 15 and 25 years. Data were analysed thematically. Findings revealed that young women demonstrate the ability to manage this type of significant ‘loss’ by using Christianity as a constructive coping strategy. The conclusion drawn is that social workers adopting the strengths-based approach and the role of religious constructivist can enhance the healthy psychological, social and emotional development of young women experiencing absent fat
THE ROLE OF THE GUT MICROBIOME IN HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: Nguyen Thi Huyen , Phan Thi Minh Phuong , Reet Mandar
Published: May 2021

The human microbiota comprises of collective genomes of microbiota, namely protozoa, archaea, eukaryotes, viruses and bacteria that live mainly on and within various sites of the human body, with the highest concentrations being found in gastrointestinal tract. Microbiome plays an important role in host protection against invading pathogens, metabolism and immunity as well as maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) may lead to dysfunction of host, thereby contributing to pathogenesis and/or progression of some pathologies. All of them, some of the most noticeable diseases are Clostridium difﬁcile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and obesity. New therapies derived from microbiome studied such as fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotic and prebiotics to target associated diseases have been shown how disease symptoms can be reformed, thus opening new scientiﬁc approaches to treatment in the future.

Key words: gut microbiome, dysbiosis, Clostridium difﬁcile infection, inﬂammatory bowel, celiac disease, obesity.
OPTIMIZATION ATRIOVENTRICULAR DELAY USING ECHO FOR CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY PATIENTS
Authors: Nguyen Tri Thuc , Nguyen Cuu Long , Hoang Anh Tien
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine correlation of echo-doppler optimization of atrioventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy with left ventricular invasive hemodynamics optimization.

Methods: Intervention prospective study.

Result: In 30 patients(50% female, mean age 63.5 ± 11.8; 70% NYHA III, the rest is NYHA IV with LVEF= 27.1 ± 6.1%, sinus rhythm, QRS wide is 159 ± 17 ms) who underwent CRT. AVsense optimization were determined by invasive LV dP/dtmax, and the Doppler echocardiographic methods evaluated were the velocity–time integral (VTI) of the transmitralflow (EA VTI), the VTI of the LV outflow tractor aorta (LV VTI). The result are 114.8 ± 10 ms; 116.1 ± 8.8 ms and 115.1 ± 10.3 ms, prospectively. The optimal AVsense delay with the EA VTI method was most concordant with LV dP/dtmax (r=0.947), LV VTI was less concordant (r=0.504). The result of AVpace optimization by three methods are 158 ± 15.1 ms; 158.6 ± 13.5 ms and 161.3 ± 12.2 ms, prospectively. The optimal AVpace delay with the EA VTI method was most concordant with LV dP/dtmax(r=0.0907), LV VTI was less concordant (r = 0.646).

Conclusions: Comparing with invasive LV dP/dtmax, measurement of the maximal VTI of mitral inflow is more concordant than LV VTI in AVsense and AVpace optimization. If we optimize AVsense and AVpace, for replacing invasive LV dP/dtmax, EA VTI method was better option

Key words: CRT, optimization
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LESS INVASIVE SURFACTANT ADMINISTRATION IN NEONATES
Authors: Ngo Minh Xuan
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) in preterm infants and term newborns with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Methods: A comparative study was carried out with 106 preterm infants aged 26 - 32 weeks of gestation and less than 6 hours old at Tu Du Hospital since August 2017 to July 2018. They were diagnosed of respiratory failure due to endothelial disease indicated for surfactant therapy. Among them, 53 children pumped surfactant by less invasive surfactant administration and 53 children pumped surfactant using INSURE technique.

Results: The effective rate (FiO2 decreased by more than 20%) in the LISA treatment group was 90.6% (48/53), that is more than one of the INSURE treatment group, it was 71.7% (38/53). The difference is statistically significant with p < 0.05. The effect of FiO2 reduction by more than 20% in the group treated with less invasive surfactant administration was as 3.79 times (1.16 - 14.37) as that one in the group treated with INSURE, the difference was statistically significant with p < 0.05.

Conclusion: Less invasive surfactant administration is safe and effective in preterm infants and term newborns with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Key words: Less invasive surfactant administration, INSURE, neonate
THE COMBINATION OF PLR - NLR AND BISAP IN THE PROGNOSIS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS AT CHO RAY HOSPITAL
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Chau , Tran Van Huy
Published: May 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory process in which the local pancreatic injury leads to systemic inflammation. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been shown to predict the severity of various diseases related to inflammation. Data about prognostic value of the combination of PLR - NLR and Bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) score in patients with AP was still limited. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the combination of PLR - NLR and BISAP scorein patients diagnosed with AP and its relationship with the severity of the disease.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Results: The study records a total of 132 patients being enrolled from February 2019 to September 2019 at the Gastrointestinal Department and Intensive Care Unit of Cho Ray Hospital with AP due to alcohol use (n = 42), gallstone (n = 12) and hypertriglyceridemia (n=36). Patients with PLR ≥ 375.55 and/or NLR ≥ 12.46 had a higher rate of severe AP compared to those with PLR < 375.55 and NLR < 12.46 (OR 2.619, 95% CI: 1.206- 5.686, P 0.013). The combination of PLR - NLR and BISAP demonstrated a predictive value of severe AP (AUC 0.667, 95% CI: 0.579-0.748) with sensitivity being 65.7%, specificity being 67.7%, PPV being 43.4% and NPV being 84.0%.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the combination of NLR - PLR and BISAP can predict the severity of acute pancreatitis

Key words: Acute pancreatitis (AP), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Severity, BISAP score
VALIDATION OF THE VIETNAMESE VERSION OF THE PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME SCREENING TOOL IN FEMALE MEDICAL STUDENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Authors: Ngo Dinh Trieu Vy , Nguyen Le Hung Linh , Tran Thi My Duyen , Tran Hoang Nhat Anh , Tran Thi Tra My , Tran Manh Linh
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To validate the Vietnamese version of the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool (PSST).

Materials and method: This was a cross-sectional study including 303 female-students in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, who were between 18 and 45 years of age were approached to participate in this study. The PSST was translated from English to Vietnamese and conversely by obstetrician-gynecologist and psychiatrist independently. This initial version was piloted first in 20 women who were interviewed individually to make sure that participants and interviewers understood the items and the PSST has cultural adaptation before starting the interviews and collecting data. The participants were monitored premenstrual symptoms over at least two consecutive menstrual cycles by the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP), based on The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria by American Psychiatric Association.

Results: The prevalence of PMS and PMDD screening by Vietnamese PSST were 28.4% and 0.7%, respectively. The Vietnamese PSST showed specificity of 81.8% and sensitivity of 77.4%, high negative predicted value of 97.2% and low positive predicted value of 30.7%. The Cronbach’s α was high 0.91. As for test-retest reliability, Vietnamese PSST showed fairly good agreement with Kappa = 0.44, percent agreement = 72.0%. In exploraotory factor analysis using PCA (Principal components analysis) resulted in Vietnamese PSST can capture more cases with high score on PSST who are most likely definte PMS/PMDD by DSM-5 criteria.

Conslusion: The Vietnamese version of the PSST is a reliable and effective tool for screening PMS in primary care in Viet Nam

Key words: Premenstrual syndrome; Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; Premenstrual symptom screening tool
OUTCOME EVALUATION OF LAPAROSCOPIC TRANSABDOMINAL PRE-PERITONEAL TECHNIQUE IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR AT THE HUE CENTRAL HOSPITAL - BRANCH 2
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Xuan , Le Duc Anh
Published: May 2021

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed operation in general surgery, espescially degestive field. Since the introduction of laparoscopic repair and application of synthetic mesh to inguinal hernia treatment, the trends have changed in the last decade in treatment for inguinal hernia. The laparascopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) is a technique safe, effective for patients in repair inguinal hernias and the procedure also has a short learning cure, has been the first choice for young surgeons.

Materials: Study participants included 31 patients with 34 inguinal hernia cases treated by laparoscopic trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) technique at the Hue Central Hospital – Branch 2 from 12/2018 though 5/2019.

Methods: Descriptive and prospective follow-up study.

Result: The mean age was 60.4 ± 11.85. 96.8% were male. 25.8% of patients had preoperative risk factors. Strangulated hernia and incarcerated hernia respectively accounted for 2.9% and 8.8% among cases. The mean durations of unilateral inguinal hernia repair and bilateral inguinal repair were 57.1 ± 17.3 mins and 80.3 ± 10.6 mins, respectively. Mean duration of postoperative stay was 3.9 ± 1.4 days. 1 case (3.2%) with contralateral inguinal hernia were detected. An early and 3-months postoperative evaluation showed 90.4% and 96.8% cases catergorized “very good”, respectively. At 3-months evaluation, 2 cases were reported with sensation disorder of inguinal area and there was no recurrence.

Conclusion: TAPP is a safe and effective surgical technique; should be encouraged and widely applied.

Key words: Inguinal hernia repair, pre-peritoneal (TAPP), synthetic mesh
BREASTFEEDING CHARACTERISTICS OF NEONATES WITH KANGAROO CARE
Authors: Ngo Minh Xuan
Published: May 2021

Objective: To describe the breastfeeding characteristics of neonates with Kangaroo care.

Object and method: A prospective, descriptive study was conducted with 120 low weight newborn babies (birth weight between 1500 g and 2200 g) at Tu Du Hospital. Those neonates who were between the first 14 days after birth and 40 weeks of age adjustably and cared by Kangaroo method. The Kangaroo care was categorized as early-, median- and late-group depending on the time of carrying out.

Results: The early Kangaroo group had the highest rate of breastfeeding completely (93.3%) and the lowest rate of bolostrum intake (0%). The difference was significant (p <0.05).

Key words: Kangaroo care, breastfeeding.
DIAGNOSIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN GASTRIC BIOPSY SPECIMENS OF PATIENTS WITH GASTRODUODENAL DISEASES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION USING UREA GENE-SPECIFIC PRIMERS
Authors: Ha Thi Minh Thi , Nguyen Thi Mai Ngan , Nguyen Duy
Published: May 2021

Objectives: (1) To compare PCR method using ureA gene-specific primers and rapid urease test (RUT) for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in gastric biopsy specimens; and (2) to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients with gastroduodenal diseases by the combination of both methods.

Materials and method: Gastric biopsy specimens were collected from by endoscopy from 106 patients with gastroduodenal diseases. H. pylori infection was determined by the rapid urease test (RUT), followed by the PCR using ureA gene-specific primers.

Results: This study reveals a high-level concordance (κ = 0.885; 95%CI: 0.796 – 0.974) between PCR and RUT for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. However, PCR detected H. pylori in 5 (10.4%) of RUT-negative patients; and only 1 (1.7%) of RUT-positive cases were PCR-negative. The prevalence of H. pylori infection diagnosed by both PCR and RUT methods was 53.7%. The H. pylori infection was prevalent in gastroduodenal ulcers and patients with unknown medical history, 75% (p = 0.015) and 63.5% (p = 0.029), respectively.

Conclusion: PCR using ureA gene-specific primers can detect several cases with H. pylori infection overlooked by RUT. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was still high, particularly in gastroduodenal ulcers and patients with an unknown medical history.

Key words: rapid urease test (RUT), H. pylori, ureA gene-specific primers
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСАМИ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Kosenko А.V.  , Vanina Y.A.
Published: May 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням удосконалення управління бізнес-процесамипідприємств. Розглянуто та проаналізовано сутність управління на основі бізнес-процесів,переваги підприємств від його впровадження. Узагальнено ключові засади формування біз-нес-моделі підприємства. Оптимізація бізнес-процесів є необхідним інструментом забезпе-чення ефективності діяльності підприємств в сучасних умовах глобалізації та європейсько-го прагнення України. Виокремлено методи удосконалення управління бізнес-процесами,зокрема такі методи як: безперервне вдосконалення, методика швидкого аналізу рішення,реінжиніринг, бенчмаркінг.
ВИБІР ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ ДО ВИРІШЕННЯ ПРОБЛЕМ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ (В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ)
Authors: Shcherbak N.V.
Published: May 2021

блем реалізації державної політики. Аргументовано, що особливого значення набуваютьці питання в умовах реалізації реформи державного управління. Дано визначення аналізувигід і витрат як методу оцінки рішень на рівні політики, що виражає в грошовому виміріцінність політичних результатів стосовно усіх членів суспільства. Доведено, що аналіз ви-гід і витрат застосовується на сьогодні при підготовці політичних рішень, програм, проєктів,нормативно-правових актів, а також реалізації інших заходів щодо реалізації державної по-літики. Всебічно проаналізовано питання причин виникнення та історичної еволюції інстру-ментів вибору оптимального підходу до вирішення проблем реалізації державної політикияк в Україні, так і в інших зарубіжних країнах. Обґрунтовано, що система моніторингу тааналізу впливу державної політики повинна мати зворотний зв’язок з питаннями щодо поліп-шення реалізації, нагляду та реформування законодавства. Ураховуючи вищевикладене,зазначено, що суб’єкти законодавчої ініціативи мають включати до нових законопроєктів по-ложення, які визначають процедури зворотного зв’язку. На основі проведеного дослідженнявироблено практичні рекомендації щодо упровадження нових інструментів реалізації дер-жавної політики у діяльність органів державної влади, зокрема в умовах реалізації реформидержавного управління.
ПОВНОВАЖЕННЯ РДА У СФЕРІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМИ ВІДНОСИНАМИ: АНАЛІЗ НОРМАТИВНОЇ БАЗИ ТА ПРАКТИКИ
Authors: Mamonova V.V.  , Kojurina V.M.
Published: May 2021

У статті проведено науковий аналіз регулювання повноважень районних державнихадміністрацій у сфері управління земельними відносинами. Дослідження проведено з ме-тою формування стратегічного бачення структури та функцій районних державних адмі-ністрацій у зв’язку з реорганізацією та укрупненням районів. Визначено, що нормативнезакріплення функцій органів влади районного рівня по управлінню землями, регулюваннюекологічної безпеки потребує уніфікації, так як в базових законах норми різняться за змістомта формулюванням. Вказані повноваження потребують відображення у структурі районноїдержавної адміністрації, згідно з базовим законом управління (структура органу державноївлади повинна відповідати функціям).З метою дослідження практики, проаналізовано структуру 40 районних адміністраційрізних областей України, встановлено, що реально існуюча структура не відповідає функ-ціональному навантаженню, закріпленому в законодавстві. Саме такі невідповідності уне-можливлюють перехід до другого етапу децентралізації, який вже відбувається на зако-нодавчому рівні. Для застосування досвіду передових громад, здійснено науковий аналізрезультатів опитування працівників органів влади районного та місцевого рівня. Темою ан-кетування був розподіл повноважень та відповідальності у різних сферах, зокрема у сферіземельних відносин. Встановлено, що наявна загальна тенденція до розмивання районногорівня влади, так як основний масив повноважень отримали органи місцевого самоврядуван-ня. Виявлено ряд функцій (контрольних), які працівники обох структур вважають за доцільневиконувати спільно. Розглянуто проблеми, що можуть виникати при співробітництві РДА таорганів місцевого самоврядування в окресленій сфері.
СУТНІСТЬ ЕТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ТА ЇЇ РОЛЬ У ПРОЦЕСІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МОРАЛЬНО-ЕТИЧНИХ ОСНОВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ СЛУЖБИ
Authors: Sorokina N.G.
Published: May 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сутності етичної інфраструктури публічної служби тавизначенню її основних елементів. Розкрито різні підходи до визначення поняття “етичнаінфраструктура”. Проаналізовано три основні системи етичної інфраструктури: формальну,неформальну та лідерство. Визначено основні елементи етичної інфраструктури, до якихвідносять: політичну волю, законодавство, кодекси поведінки, механізми звітності та нагля-ду, громадський контроль, професійну соціалізацію, координуючі органи, умови підтримкипублічної служби. На основі власного соціологічного дослідження проранжовано основніелементи етичної інфраструктури за їх важливістю у процесі формування морально-етич-них основ публічної служби.
ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ВИМІР ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ: ЗНАЧЕННЯ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Bilokon M.V.
Published: May 2021

Проаналізовано актуальні практики ЄС у сфері забезпечення глобальної та регіональ-ної безпеки. Визначено місце протидії гібридним загрозам як складової комплексу забез-печення глобальної безпеки. Зіставлено здатність до реалізації національних інтересів дер-жави і її спроможностi у глобальному вимірі. Запропоновано шляхи інтенсифікації участіУкраїни в системі європейської протидії та попередження гібридних загроз через окреслен-ня вектору безпекової інтеграції та напрямів інтенсифікації участі України в системі забез-печення спільної європейської політика безпеки та оборони.
СТРАТЕГІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ БІЗНЕСУ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПРОПАГУВАННЯ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Revenko O.V.  , Revenko T.V.
Published: May 2021

Теоретично обґрунтовано складові структурно-функціональної схеми забезпеченнясоціальних комунікацій бізнесу в процесі пропагування тенденцій європейської інтеграції.Ключовою підсистемою в цьому процесі виділено організацію стратегічного аналізу соціаль-них комунікацій підприємницької структури, що дозволяє ідентифікувати їх специфіку, умовиформування та механізм впливу на розвиток бізнесу в інтеграційних умовах. Дослідженороль соціальних комунікацій в процесі пропагування тенденцій щодо європейської інтеграціїв Україні. Визначено загальні риси соціально відповідальних підприємницьких структур, атакож застосовність технологій соціальної реклами в їх діяльності.
Вплив процесу децентрaлiзaцiї нa реaлiзaцiю сiмейної полiтики нa регiонaльному рiвнi
Authors: Sitnik S. P.
Published: May 2021

У стaттi здiйснено теоретичне осмислення впливу процесу децентрaлiзaцiї нa реaлiзaцiю сiмейної полiтики нa регiонaльному рiвнi. З’ясовaно спектр питaнь щодо реaлiзaцiї держaвної сiмейної полiтики, a тaкож визнaчено оргaни держaвного упрaвлiння, до зaвдaнь, повновaжень i функцiй яких вони вiдносяться. Проaнaлiзовaно поняття принципу субсидiaрностi, основнi моделi розвитку громaди.
Аналіз системи публічного управління за допомогою інструментарію центру управління компетенціями
Authors: Stativka N. V.  , Bubliy M. P.
Published: May 2021

У статті досліджено генезис наукових уявлень про роль держави в управлінні соціально-економічним розвитком. Визначено, що система публічного управління виступає як антипод бюрократичної системи управління і сприяє ефективній взаємодії державного сектора, бізнес-структур і представників громадянського суспільства, що впливає на вирішення соціально значущих проблем. Доведено, необхідність інформаційного обміну в процесі посилення публічного характеру управління. Запропоновано напрями вдосконалення технології інформаційного обміну в публічному управлінні за допомогою використання функціонального потенціалу центру управління компетенціями, що надає можливість здійснювати уніфіковану інформаційно-комунікаційну взаємодію між акторами внутрішнього і зовнішнього середовища публічного управління та сприяє вдосконаленню процедури розробки і реалізації управлінських рішень.
Закордонний досвід реалізації державної політики розвитку «зеленої економіки»
Authors: Polishchuk Yu. А.
Published: May 2021

У статті розглянуто актуальні питання, які визначають проблеми реалізації державної політики «зеленої економіки» як новий напрямок у світовій економічній діяльності, що пов’язаний з виробництвом, розподілом, споживанням товарів і послуг на основі гармонійного використання нових інноваційних технологій та природного середовища. Проаналізовано досвід різних країн світу, що прогресують на шляху розвитку державної політики «зеленої» економіки та розбудови нових моделей соціально-економічного розвитку, заснованих на її концепціях. Висвітлено технічний потенціал відновлюваної енергетики як механізму практичного забезпечення економічної безпеки в умовах загроз вичерпання ресурсів. Уряди багатьох країн світу намагаються впроваджувати стимули для трансформації економічних систем з метою більш раціонального використання природних ресурсів, зменшення негативного впливу на довкілля, використання відновлювальних джерел енергії, екологізації виробництва та споживання, забезпечення економічного зростання за рахунок створення нових «зелених» секторів та робочих місць. Доведено, що рівень розвитку «зеленої» економіки в різних країнах значно різниться, що залежить від специфіки природного та людського капіталу кожної країни та її загального рівня розвитку.
МОВНИЙ АСПЕКТ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ Й НАСЛІДКИ
Authors: Hryshyna  N.  , Bihari  M. 
Published: May 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню мовного аспекту глобалізації, узагальненню основ-них підходів до провадження мовної політики в країнах ЄС, спрямованої на захист і розвиток державної мови та протидію експансії мов міжнародного спілкування.