bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Improper Working Posture among Maintenance Workers using Different Assessment Methods
Authors: Abdol Rahman Mohd Nasrull , Lay Zhan Yek  , Ho Fu Haw  , Masood Ibrahim , Abdullah Haslina , Hassan Mohd Fahrul , Abdul Haq Reazul Haq , Tajul Arifin Ahmad Mubarak , Osman Shahrul Azmir , Taib Ishkrizat
Published: August 2024

The purpose of ergonomics is to take advantage of human ability limits in order to implement an efficient and comfortable interface to use. When the worker is performing an improper posture, it may cause the worker to feel discomfort when doing the work and may lead to getting musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). According to past research, there is a relationship between improper working posture and MSDs. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between improper working posture at maintenance workers using different assessment methods. CMDQ, RULA, REBA and ENBORA were conducted among 34 maintenance workers around Parit Raja, Johor. The selected maintenance workers were interviewed via CMDQ and RULA, REBA and ENBORA were conducted based on their working posture at the time of the interview. The data were analysed and compared based on similar observed body parts. Among the respondents, lower back discomfort was most prevalent (70.59%), followed by right and left shoulders (58.82% and 55.88%, respectively) as well as right wrist (29.47%) and left wrist (55.88%). The mean RULA Score for the respondents was 4.76 (SD=1.37), which indicates a medium risk level. The mean REBA Score for the respondents was 7.41 (SD=2.26), which indicates the average REBA risk level was high. The mean value for the ENBORA Final Score was 33.56 (SD=11.98), indicating that the respondents overall have a negligible risk of getting MSD based on their working posture. The body parts compared in CMDQ, RULA, REBA and ENBORA were neck, upper arm, lower arm, wrist and trunk. Based on findings, ENBORA has the highest Pearson Correlation to CMDQ followed by RULA and REBA. In conclusion, the maintenance workers were found to be exposed to ergonomic risk factors (ERFs) and ergonomics improvement were needed in future.
The Application of Infrared Thermography for Enhancing Maintenance in Public University
Authors: Agus Salim Nuzaihan Aras , Zulkifli Intan Asila
Published: August 2024

A university’s main function is to produce quality graduates, and in doing so, university buildings do play significant roles and are vital assets and resources. Hence, to prolong a university building lifecycle to ensure all university activities to continue performing at an optimum level, building maintenance management is central. Eventhough previous studies have been conducted in this area, university buildings maintenance is still viewed as insignificant. The research about utilization of infrared thermography in term of maintenance in public universities is still lacking. The objective of this research was to provide recommendations for areas within the public universities that can benefit from the application of infrared thermography to enhance maintenance. The research method used in this research was a qualitative method. Three public universities that were established for more than 50 years were chosen as case studies. The data was collected through narrative review and then analyzed. The findings highlighted the benefits of implementing infrared thermography in older building maintenance within public universities, particularly in improving energy efficiency and identifying hidden issues such as moisture intrusion and structural defects. The study emphasized the importance of timely maintenance actions based on infrared thermography assessments to reduce energy consumption and apply predictive maintenance strategies. By conducting in-depth analyses at three established public universities in Malaysia, the researchers demonstrate the effectiveness of infrared thermography in enhancing maintenance practices and prolonging the lifecycle of university buildings.
Evaluating thermal comfort in a vascular interventional radiology laboratory: Utilizing an onsite measurement approach
Authors: Ismail Nur Dayana , Wong Keng Yinn , Kek Hong Yee , Fong Yi Ka , Rani Muhammad Faiz Hilmi , Ang Wei Hao , Ang Wei Xian , Tan Huiyi
Published: August 2024

A vascular interventional radiology (VIR) laboratory is a specialized medical environment designed for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures focused on blood vessels. In this facility, healthcare practitioners employ diverse imaging technologies such as fluoroscopy and angiography to visualize blood vessels and conduct minimally invasive interventions. This research examines the thermal comfort within a VIR laboratory through the field measurements. Assessing thermal comfort in a VIR laboratory supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by enhancing the welfare and working conditions in the healthcare settings (SDG 3 and SDG 9). This effort also aligns with SDG 11 by advocating for sustainable urban environments through the optimization of indoor environmental conditions. The gathered data brings to light notable disparities in air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity, underscoring the absence of homogeneity in the laboratory setting. It's evident that 67% of the spaces within the VIR laboratory will induce a "cool" sensation among medical staff members in standby mode, with the remaining 33% causing a "slightly cool" sensation. Both the Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) indices for thermal comfort deviate from the established ASHRAE 55 standard, emphasizing the considerable hurdles in achieving the desired thermal conditions. By integrating findings from this study into policy frameworks, stakeholders can prioritize investments in infrastructure and technology aimed at enhancing thermal comfort standards in healthcare facilities. This proactive approach not only fosters a conducive environment for medical procedures but also advances progress towards achieving key SDGs.
Reframing Relationality as Cultural Work in the Global South: Moving History into the Present, and the Future.
Authors: Armstrong Ann Cheryl , Vicars Mark , Sipeli Peter
Published: August 2024

The Global South was popularised during the 1970s in recognition of the greater economic and political power of the ‘Third World’ and as a reaction to pejorative expressions. Nevertheless, as a terminology it is formed within the colonial/modern world-system imagery and manifests multiple subaltern subjectivities and different articulations of power and resistances. In this chapter, we use the practice of talanoa as a decolonizing community arts-based methodology which is an integral part of Pacific dialogic engagement to re-narrate histories and experiences of oppression as we draw on the colonizing experiences of (hetero) gender and Whiteness shaped how these coloured our agencies. In this paper we put to work the practice and potential of talanoa as a heterodox decolonizing methodology that challenges the orthodoxies of the Global North who habitually rewards normative methodological processes. This paper located in part in the 1970s considers questions of how positionality, power and relationships are experienced and re-negotiated through the talanoa and also explores the relationship between voice and participation. Our experiences of participation articulated in this chapter take the form of narratives with an intent to interrupt, subvert and counter the orthodoxic use of analytical tools and theoretical frameworks habitually deployed and modelled across the academy in the Global North. We consider the power the talanoa has for re-negotiating cultural differences and histories situating affective intensities to guide, dis/connect, excite, divert, inspire, distract, startle, surprise, and re-orient thinking to move history into the present, and the future.
Frequency of Obesity among Lady Doctors of Multan Medical and Dental College and Hospital
Authors: Arshad Uzma , Qadir Shehla , Adil Muhammad Kamran , Amjad Muhammad Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Background: This is a report from Multan Medical and Dental College about obesity among lady doctors and factors associated with it.                                                                                                    
Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in Multan medical & dental college and hospital from 1st January 2020 to 30th March 2020 after taking approval from institutional review board. Closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from 159 lady doctors of age from 22 to 60 years including both married and unmarried females using simple random sampling technique.
Results: Obesity was seen more in married lady doctors i.e. 64 (83.1%) as compared to 13 (16.88%) unmarried lady doctors and highest frequency of obesity was seen in 50 to 60 years age group i.e. 22 (88%) obese as compared to 3 (12%) non obese. The results were statistically significant. P=0.000.                                                                  
Conclusions: There is alarming rate of obesity among married lady doctors and also in upper age group i.e., 50 to 60 years.
Activity of Various Fractions of Saussurea Lappa Herb Against Multidrug Resistant Gram Negative Rods
Authors: Tabassum Iqra , Saleem Sidrah , Ahmad Irfan , Arshad Usman
Published: August 2024

Background: Microorganisms are turning out to be greatly resistant to existing antibiotics, specifically gram-negative rods which shows resistance to currently accessible antibiotics. Beta-lactam antibiotics are the main therapeutic option to treat infections of gram-negative microorganisms i.e., ESBL and Carbapenemase producers. Saussurea lappa herb is a medicinal herb use since many times. Basically, the roots of S. lappa herb were used as medicines. Current study was conducted to find out activity of various fractions of S. lappa herb against multidrug resistant gram-negative rods.
Methods: Crude extracts of ethanol, methanol and water and fractions of n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol from S. lappa herb were used. Total of sixty multidrug resistant organisms were included in which thirty were ESBL and thirty were carbapenemase producing organisms. Mean MIC and comparative analysis of various extracts and fractions have been evaluated.
Results: The mean MIC value of crude extracts of ethanol, methanol, n-hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions and water extract from S. lappa against ESBL producing organisms were 109.33± 6.915 mg/ml, 154.67± 5.164 mg/ml, 150.00± 5.345 mg/ml, 55.33±5.164 mg/ml, 178.00±6.103 mg/ml, 64.00± 7.701 mg/ml respectively. Similarly, the mean MIC value against carbapenemase producing organisms were 100.67± 8.683 mg/ml, 158.67± 3.519 mg/ml, 150.67± 5.936 mg/ml, 54.67±5.164 mg/ml, 176.67±14.223 mg/ml, 64.33± 9.353 mg/ml respectively.
Conclusion: This study suggests that extracts and fractions of S. lappa herb can form the basis to develop novel broad-spectrum formulation for antimicrobial drugs as it contains compounds that has novelty to perform its action against multi-resistant mechanisms.
Epidemiological and etiological factors of various fractures and its pharamacological treatment options in a tertiary care teaching hospital - a prospective cohort study
Authors: Noona Charitha , M Sandhya Rani , D V.Samatha Reddy , K Lakshmi , Pathi Sivaram
Published: August 2024

A fracture is a broken bone that can range from a thin crack to a complete break bone. A fracture can occur crosswise, length wise in several parts and in too many pieces. Causes of fracture include physical trauma, accidental fall, sports injuries, stress, and osteoporosis. Fractures can be treated with Medications and lifestyle changes. The objective of the study was to identify common types of fractures mostly affected by people, reduce the incidence rate of fractures and to provide patient counseling regarding precautionary measures to avoid accidents and assaults. In the study period, 120 fracture cases were collected, of this 64 (53.33%) are males and 56 (46.66%) are females. Higher incidence of fractures 27 (22.5%) occurred in 50-60 years of age group. Major fractures 48 (47.5%) were occurred due to trauma. 21 (17.5%) were diagnosed by X-rays, 15 (14.5%) patients are diagnosed by CT scan. 22 (18.33%) patients are categorized under femur bone fractures. 52(43.3%) patients were treated with NSAIDS, 33 (27.5%) patients were treated with antibiotics. 29.33% were treated with vitamins and mineral supplements. The study concludes that out of 120 study subjects, major fractures were occurred due to trauma. Clinical pharmacists and other health care professionals intervention to create awareness regarding fractures, medications, lifestyle modifications and other safety measures helps them to recover faster from fractures.
Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Abdurrahman
Published: August 2024

Library research is a significant method in Islamic education to examine various written sources. This paper discusses the definition, objectives, advantages and disadvantages, data sources, characteristics, types, stages, and benefits of library research in Islamic education. The objectives of library research are to build understanding, identify perspectives, analyze knowledge gaps, develop theoretical frameworks, formulate research questions, analyze data, draw conclusions, and develop new theories. Data sources are diverse, including books, journals, documents, online databases, and special collections. Library research has the characteristics of being qualitative, descriptive, non-fieldwork, and emphasizing the researcher's role in data analysis. Types of library research are classified based on purpose and data type. Based on purpose, it can be categorized as historical, descriptive, explanatory, and evaluative research. Based on the type of data, it can be categorized as historical, philosophical, or comparative research. The stages of library research include determining the topic, searching for data, analyzing data, organizing data, and writing a report. Library research has many benefits in Islamic education, such as building theoretical foundations, identifying knowledge gaps, understanding the history and development of Islamic education, studying the theory and philosophy of Islamic education, and improving PAI teaching strategies.
ترقية تعليم مهارة القراءة لطلاب الفصل السابع بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 1 سورابايا بنموذج التعلم القائم على الموقع الإلكتروني باستعمال وسيلة لينكتري
Authors: Al Haqiqy Syihabul Ihsan , Agustina Rahmah Fadhilah , Muhammad Sofwan bin Harizan
Published: August 2024

وجدت المشاكل في تعليم اللغة العربية خاصة في تعليم مهارة القراءة في نقص إتقان قراءة النص وفهمه. ولذلك أراد الباحث أن يجرب الإبتكار الجديد لتحسين التعليم بتجريب الوسيلة الحديثة. بحث هذا البحث فعالية تطبيق نموذج التعلم القائم على الموقع الإلكتروني (Web-Based Learning) باستعمال وسيلة لينكتري (linktree) لترقية مهارة القراءة لطلاب الفصل السابع بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 1 سورابايا. استخدمت هذه الدراسة بطريقة الكمية بنوع تجريبية تصميم pre eksperimen (one group pre-post test). استخدام طريقة جمع البيانات القائمة على الملاحظة والمقابلات والتوثيق والاختبار للحصول على البيانات استخدام رمز المقارنة  (T-Test)لتحليل البيانات.تم الحصول على نتائج التحليل  أكبر من  1،309> 12,21< 1،695. فكانت الفرضية الفصلية المردودة والفرضية البدلية المقبولة. لذلك هذا البحث يظهر أن هناك فعالية في تطبيق نموذج التعلم القائم على الموقع الإلكتروني (Web-Based Learning) باستعمال وسيلة لينكتري (linktree) لترقية مهارة القراءة لطلاب الفصل السابع بالمدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الحكومية 1 سورابايا.
Political Dichotomy and Disciplinary Processes of Employees in Local Government Administration, A Case of Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, in Mopani District of Limpopo Province in South Africa
Authors: Lucas Pilusa Kgoshi Kgashane
Published: August 2024

Political dichotomy in the disciplinary processes of local government employees has significant implications for governance and service delivery. This study focuses on the Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality in the Mopani District of Limpopo Province, South Africa, to explore how political affiliations and influences shape disciplinary outcomes. Using qualitative research methods, including interviews and document analysis, the study uncovers the extent to which political considerations override procedural fairness, leading to inconsistent disciplinary measures. The findings emphasize the need for depoliticized disciplinary frameworks to enhance administrative efficiency and integrity in local governance. Political patronage and interference have been shown to affect employee morale and organizational culture negatively. In the Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, specific cases of political favouritism and bias have resulted in either undue leniency or harsh disciplinary actions. This study contributes to the understanding of the intricate relationship between politics and administration, highlighting the detrimental effects of political influence on the principles of accountability and transparency in local government. This research is unique in its detailed case study approach, providing a micro-level analysis that offers insights into broader national and regional trends in local government administration. It also proposes practical recommendations to mitigate political interference in disciplinary processes. By ensuring fair and consistent application of disciplinary procedures, local municipalities can improve service delivery and foster a more positive work environment.
Strengthening Change Management Principles to Eliminate Corruption in Local Government of the Republic of South Africa. A Case of Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
Authors: Lucas Pilusa Kgoshi Kgashane
Published: August 2024

Change management is crucial in addressing corruption within local governments, particularly in developing countries like South Africa. This study examines the Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, focusing on how intensifying change management principles can effectively eliminate corruption. By analysing various stakeholders' roles, including employees, politicians, and directors, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the corruption dynamics within the municipality. Using a qualitative research design, the study explores the effectiveness of change management strategies through detailed data collection and analysis. The findings underscore the importance of robust change management in fostering a corruption-free local government environment.
Evaluation of the Irrigation Water Quality of a Canal Contaminated with Textile Dyeing Industry Effluent
Authors: Rahman Tawfeequa , Mostafa M.G.
Published: August 2024

The textile dyeing industries discharge untreated effluent into nearby surface water bodies and introduce large numbers of inorganic, organic toxic compounds containing suspended solids, color, etc., which pose a threat to use for irrigated agricultural lands and human health. The study aimed to assess the irrigation water quality of textile dyeing industry effluent-contaminated canal water. The canal water samples were collected from several locations, analyzed for various physicochemical parameters, and assessed for water quality using multivariate statistical analysis and several water quality indices. The analysis results illustrated that the high levels of electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, Na+, NO3-, PO43-, HCO3-, BOD, and COD in the wastewater samples exceeded the DoE-BD standard limits, indicating a higher level of pollution of the canal water. Concerning heavy metal concentrations, Pb was found to be at a higher level in the water. Moreover, irrigation water quality indices such as permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) were found to be higher than the standard limits. The multivariate cluster analysis showed that the two clusters were found among the eighteen sampling sites that included heavily contaminated sites. The discharge of industrial effluent into canal water has a detrimental effect on agricultural products. The study observed that the canal water is not suitable for irrigation purposes, and thus the textile dyeing industrial effluent must be treated by installing an environmentally friendly effluent treatment plant (ETP) before being dumped into surface water bodies, which will help reduce environmental pollution as well as develop sustainable surface water resource management.
Prevalence of Compact Nuclear Radio Emission in Post-merger Galaxies and Its Origin
Authors: Walsh Gregory , Burke-Spolaor Sarah
Published: August 2024

Post-merger galaxies are unique laboratories to study the triggering and interplay of star formation and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Combining new, high-resolution Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations with archival radio surveys, we have examined the radio properties of 28 spheroidal post-merger galaxies. We detect 18 radio sources in our post-merger sample and find a general lack of extended emission at (sub)kiloparsec scales, indicating the prevalence of compact, nuclear radio emission in these post-merger galaxies, with the majority (16/18; 89%) characterized as low luminosity. Using multiwavelength data, we determine the origin of the radio emission, discovering 15 new radio AGNs and three radio sources likely associated with star-forming (SF) processes. Among the radio AGNs, almost all are low luminosity (13/15; 87%), inconsistent with a relativistic jet origin. We discover a new dual AGN (DAGN) candidate, J1511+0417, and investigate the radio properties of the DAGN candidate J0843+3549. Five of these radio AGNs are hosted by a SF or SF-AGN composite emission-line galaxy, suggesting that radio AGN activity may be present during periods of SF activity in post-mergers. The low-power jets and compact morphologies of these radio AGNs also point to a scenario in which AGN feedback may be efficient in this sample of post-mergers. Lastly, we present simulated, multifrequency observations of the 15 radio AGNs with the Very Long Baseline Array and the very-long-baseline interferometry capabilities of the Next-Generation VLA to assess the feasibility of these instruments in searches for supermassive black hole binaries.
Evidence for Nightside Water Emission Found in Transit of Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-33 b
Authors: Yang Yuanheng , Chen Guo , Yan Fei , Tan Xianyu , Ji Jianghui
Published: August 2024

To date, the dayside thermal structure of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) is generally considered to be inverted, but their nightside thermal structure has been less explored. Here, we explore the impact of nightside thermal emission on high-resolution infrared transmission spectroscopy, which should not be neglected, especially for UHJs. We present a general equation for the high-resolution transmission spectrum that includes planetary nightside thermal emission. This provides a new way to infer the thermal structure of the planetary nightside with high-resolution transmission spectroscopy. Using the cross-correlation technique, we find evidence for the presence of an H2O emission signature on the UHJ WASP-33 b during the transit, indicating an inverted temperature structure on its nightside. Such a result suggests a stronger heat transport through the circulation than currently expected. An alternative explanation is that the rotating visible hemisphere during transit leads to the potential contribution of the limb and dayside atmospheres to the detected emission signature. In the future, the combination of high-resolution, full-phase-curve spectroscopic observations and general circulation models will hopefully solve this puzzle and provide a complete picture of the three-dimensional nature of the chemistry, circulation, and thermal structure of UHJs.
An evaluation of ‘pollinator-friendly’ wildflower seed mixes in Italy: are they potential vectors of alien plant species?
Authors: Nota Ginevra , Falla Nicole Melanie , Scariot Valentina , Lonati Michele
Published: August 2024

Wildflower areas are increasingly used in both urban and rural settings to enhance landscape aesthetics and help the conservation of pollinators, whose dramatic decline threatens both ecosystem functioning and agricultural production. Consequently, today many ‘pollinator-friendly’ wildflower seed mixes can be found on the market. Criteria for the design of these mixes are focused on the ability of the plants to attract pollinators, whereas the identity of the plants themselves in terms of their alien or native status is often not adequately considered. Moreover, seed mixes often lack sufficient floral resources in the early spring and late-season months, which are important to sustain pollinators throughout their whole life cycle. In this study, we analyzed 36 ‘pollinator-friendly’ wildflower seed mixes commercially available in Italy in terms of (1) the abundance of native and alien species, (2) the occurrence of locally alien species with reference to three Italian geographic areas (northern, peninsular, and insular Italy), and (3) the flowering period of native and alien species. Most (83%) of the analyzed seed mixes contain species alien to Italy, with three of them also including invasive alien species. Among native species, many (41%) are locally alien to at least one of the geographic areas. Overall, native species provide earlier blooms than alien species and around 35% of the seed mixes lack blooms in early-spring (March) or prolonged throughout autumn (September-November). These findings highlight the widespread use of alien plant species in ‘pollinator-friendly’ wildflower mixes, which poses serious risks for biodiversity and habitat conservation, especially when sown in agricultural areas. We suggest a more careful design and use of such wildflower mixes, promoting a wider adoption of native seeds of local origin and a greater attention to the blooming period. If properly designed, wildflower mixes can represent an effective strategy for biodiversity conservation in both urban and rural areas.
A new species of the newt genus Hypselotriton (Amphibia, Urodela, Salamandridae) from Jiangxi Province, southeastern China
Authors: Jiang Zhihao , Huang Song , Fan Qiangyong , Cheng Lin , Gong Yanan , Cui Zhangbo , Zhang Tierui , Lan Wenjun , Zou Zhian , Huang Xuanzhi , Raffaëlli Jean , Chen Jinmin
Published: August 2024

A new newt species, Hypselotriton huanggangensissp. nov., is described based on nine specimens collected from Huanggangshan Mountains, Yanshan County, Jiangxi, China. Morphologically, the new species is characterized by the combination of nine external characters: (1) obvious black patches with clear boundaries on the whole body; (2) ground color of the dorsal body tan; (3) ground color of venter bright orange; (4) skin rough; (5) vertebral ridge weak; (6) fingers and toes overlapping when forelimb and hindlimb adpressed towards each other along body; (7) postocular orange spot absent; (8) small white warty glands around the eye; (9) two discontinuous longitudinal lines formed by white warty glands from neck to lateral parts of tail. Molecularly, the new species forms an independent clade with strong support in the phylogenetic trees of the genus based on the mitochondrial locus of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene fragments. The new species distinctly differs from H. fudingensis by differences in its body measurements, vertebral ridge, dorsal black patches, and ventral black patches. Furthermore, the new species and H. fudingensis are geographically isolated by a series of high mountain ranges, including the Wuyishan and Jiufengshan Mountains. The number of Hypselotriton species is now 11.
Eighth order, Numerov-like schemes with coefficients tailored for superior performance on ODE systems with oscillatory solutions
Authors: Simos Theodore E. , Tsitouras Charalampos
Published: August 2024

Second order Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) were considered. Numerov-like techniques employing effectively seven stages per step and sharing eighth algebraic order were under examination for numerically solving them. The coefficients of these methods were contingent on four independent parameters. To tackle issues with oscillatory solutions, we typically aimed to fulfill specific criteria such as minimizing phase-lag, expanding the periodicity interval, or even neutralizing amplification errors. These latter attributes stemmed from a test problem mimicking an ideal trigonometric trajectory. Here, we suggested training the coefficients of the chosen method family across a broad spectrum of pertinent problems. Following this training using the differential evolution method, we identified a particular method that surpassed others in this category across an even broader array of oscillatory problems.
On the number of the irreducible factors of $ x^{n}-1 $ over finite fields
Authors: Xie Weitao , Zhang Jiayu , Cao Wei
Published: August 2024

Let $ \mathbb{F}_q $ be the finite field of $ q $ elements, and $ \mathbb{F}_{q^{n}} $ its extension of degree $ n $. A normal basis of $ \mathbb{F}_{q^{n}} $ over $ \mathbb{F}_q $ is a basis of the form $ \{\alpha, \alpha^{q}, \cdots, \alpha^{q^{n-1}}\} $. Some problems on normal bases can be finally reduced to the determination of the irreducible factors of the polynomial $ x^{n}-1 $ in $ \mathbb{F}_q $, while the latter is closely related to the cyclotomic polynomials. Denote by $ \mathfrak{F}(x^{n}-1) $ the set of all distinct monic irreducible factors of $ x^{n}-1 $ in $ \mathbb{F}_q $. The criteria for

   \begin{document}$ |\mathfrak{F}(x^{n}-1)|\leq 2 $\end{document}

have been studied in the literature. In this paper, we provide the sufficient and necessary conditions for

   \begin{document}$ |\mathfrak{F}(x^{n}-1)| = s, $\end{document}

where $ s $ is a positive integer by using the properties of cyclotomic polynomials and results from the Diophantine equations. As an application, we obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for

   \begin{document}$ |\mathfrak{F}(x^{n}-1)| = 3, 4, 5. $\end{document}
Embedding Building Information Modelling in the Construction Area: A Case within an Undergraduate Civil Engineering Program
Authors: Del Savio Alexandre Almeida , Galantini Velarde Katerina , Luna Torres Ana Felicita , Salinas Saavedra Jose Roberto , Vergara Olivera Mónica Alejandra
Published: August 2024

Undergraduate programs face the challenge of staying up-to-date by responding to globalization, internationalization, and regionalization processes. Civil engineering programs should meet the requirements of the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operation (AECO) industry. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a methodology that involves shared digital representations of built assets to facilitate design, construction, and operation processes within the construction knowledge field. The present research describes a methodology with six mechanisms to develop and consolidate BIM-related competencies within the construction area from an undergraduate civil engineering program. It also explores students’ perceptions about the subjects within this area and their relationship with the training and reinforcement of the competencies. The study follows a descriptive scope with an action research design. The principal result is the methodology, which has six mechanisms: (1) BIM implementation into topics and syllabi; (2) use of collaborative platforms; (3) professor training programs; (4) establishment of student organizations; (5) development of a BIM application project; and (6) area and subject meetings. The validation process, which included professors, enrollment, employability and research rates, and the curricular proposal and students’ perceptions, revealed that the mechanisms could effectively support the development and reinforcement of BIM-related competencies.
ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER IN BRUMADINHO: ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT ON THE REPUTATION OF VALE S.A.
Authors: Alves Francisco Ivander Amado Borges , Thiago Nobre Sobrinho  , Jackeline Lucas Souza
Published: August 2024

The company Vale do Rio Doce was created in 1942 as a mixed capital corporation, being privatized in 1997. The company operates in 30 countries producing nickel, coal, copper, manganese, ferroalloys, iron ore and pellets. In 2019, a dam owned by the mining company, in the municipality of Brumadinho, failed and caused one of the biggest environmental disasters in Brazil, which could affect the company's reputation and its legitimacy before society to continue to exist. The general objective of this work is to analyze the impact of the dam failure on the company's reputation. The study is deductive, descriptive, comparative, quantitative, case study and documental, analyzing the company's reputation in five dimensions (media, academy, company, society and by the border of the last two). The findings showed a synergy between the dimensions, and in all of them there was a behavior that in the years before the disaster, the company had a reputation that guaranteed its legitimacy and, in 2019, this reputation was affected, but communication The mining company's organizational structure managed to recover its reputation and maintain the legitimacy to continue operating.
The role of dynamic capabilities for business model innovation in organizations from relatively stable markets
Authors: Burcharth Ana Luiza
Published: August 2024

The present paper aims to explain how dynamic capabilities contribute to business model innovation in established organizations. It draws on a qualitative research design based on a single case study of an established multinational company operating in the construction materials industry (production and sale), which developed a service solution in lightweight façades. In addition to explaining how the sub-dimensions of dynamic capabilities contributed to the success/failure of the new business model, from its idealization and structuring to its execution, the paper shows which dynamic capabilities were present at the beginning and which ones were developed during the innovation. The study uncovers four important findings: 1) dynamic capabilities should be present in top leadership for the development of business model innovation; 2) the occurrence of dynamic capabilities takes place in a non-sequential and non-linear fashion; 3) dynamic capabilities contribute to the creation of competitive advantages in relatively stable environments; and 4) existing resources are important catalysts of results for business model innovation in established organization. The paper hence highlights the role of top leadership in business model innovation, as well as identifies the contribution of dynamic capabilities in relatively stable markets, alongside the catalyzing role of available resources in established organizations.
Incorporation of Virtual Tour Guides Into Tourism Class as an Online Engagement and Retention Strategy
Authors: Whitelaw Haley , Fovet Frederic
Published: August 2024

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) has been evidenced as a powerful framework for the inclusion of diverse learners in the K-12 sector. Little attention has been paid, however, to the sectors of further education, adult education, vocational training, and all other alternate forms secondary education can take beyond the mainstream or conventionally delivered grades 11 and 12. Yet, it is clear that UDL may have a greater impact in these alternate paths within which learner diversity is significant. This chapter examines the use of UDL within a vocational end of secondary alternate pathway program. It explores specific UDL strategies within a tourism course. The chapter discusses the implications of this case study within the wider global discourse on UDL integration in the classroom. It showcases a reflection around UDL in vocational secondary settings which is growing but still poorly documented in the literature.
Exercise Intervention in Frailty, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Mohammed Marwa
Published: August 2024

Population ageing is accelerating rapidly worldwide. Ageing is accompanied by frailty, which attracts global attention. Frailty is associated with an increased incidence of adverse health outcomes, mortality and elevated healthcare burdens. It represented a catastrophic crisis for individuals and societies, especially in developed countries and, in the near future, for developing countries. Frailty is a potentially modifiable status where reducing the prevalence or severity of frailty is a critical issue. Although there is no standard care for frailty, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines strongly recommend physical activity as the core component of frailty treatment. Physiotherapists, one of the team members, are vital in identifying frailty in geriatric healthcare settings, as they are first-line providers and treat frailty-associated functional impairments. This chapter focuses on exercise training physiotherapists perform for older adults with frailty, challenges and recommendations.
Authentic Assessment in Science Education
Authors: Lathouris Dimitrios
Published: August 2024

Authentic assessment as an alternative way of evaluation is considered to be one of the most effective ways to assess a child's ability in science. It provides students with situations that engage their science process and inquiry abilities and employ their science understandings. Teachers can use authentic assessment as a way to collect information about their students and their ability to implement their knowledge in new situations about science topics. In this research that is a literature review about authentic assessment in science education, focusing on teacher perspective, concerning only journal articles published the last fifteen years (2008-2023). The methodology uses PRISMA as tool in order to clarify the articles that finally will be included. The results of this review concern research's identity, results about methodology, and contribution about authentic assessment in science education. From the review, interesting conclusions are elicited about various dimensions concerning use of authentic assessment in science education from teacher's perspective.
Exploring the Authenticity and Rubric Function of an EAP Presentation Assessment
Authors: Stones Thomas P.
Published: August 2024

The issue of authentic assessment is one that has come to prominence in recent years in both higher education and language teaching alike. However, there is a relevant small amount of research on the rubrics and criteria used to evaluate authentic assessments. As such, this chapter provides an evaluation of a presentation assessment used on an EAP programme in Japan. Firstly, the degree to which the assessment can be considered authentic is explored. Then the rubric function is assessed using many-facet Rasch measurement. The analysis suggests that the assessment could be considered to be authentic and that the rubric functions well, but both areas have room for improvement. These areas are discussed, as well as other implications for presentations of authentic EAP assessments.
Designing Effective E-Portfolios for Authentic Assessment
Authors: Yadav Seema
Published: August 2024

Promoting accessibility and inclusivity in e-portfolios is a paramount consideration in modern education to ensure equitable opportunities for all learners. This imperative involves a multifaceted approach. Firstly, e-portfolio platforms must align with accessibility standards, making them compatible with assistive technologies for students with disabilities. Secondly, educators should provide guidance on creating accessible content within e-portfolios, fostering inclusivity for diverse learning needs. Customizable interfaces that accommodate various preferences and backgrounds further enhance accessibility. Additionally, e-portfolios should embrace linguistic and cultural diversity to reflect the richness of student experiences. Finally, educators must promote an inclusive environment that encourages students to authentically represent their abilities and experiences while guarding against perpetuating biases. Embracing these principles transforms e-portfolios into powerful tools that empower learners of all backgrounds and abilities to excel and engage in the educational journey.
Authentic Assessment Through Digital Storyworld Scenarios
Authors: Le Rossignol Karen
Published: August 2024

A narrative storytelling approach to experiential learning is central to the digital storyworld scenario framing authentic assessment. The digital scenarios are not only resources for framing assessments, but authentic situations based on industry-required skills and competencies as reflected through a microbusiness model such as would be common in the arts and humanities in freelancing, sole trader or small group startups or project-based events. To shape authentic assessment around creative microbusiness entities, they need to be set up as a digital story, which, imagination- and immersion-wise, provides reality-based contexts for the assessments. This chapter considers digital stories or scenario-based situations developed as a model across communications, professional and creative writing, editing and publishing and writing for games at the undergraduate level in higher education. These are diverse industry sectors, but the digital model is a flexible creative microbusiness entity encouraging learning that is relevant, interdisciplinary and responsive to a changing world of work.
Eco-Friendly Solutions for Sustainable Waste Management
Authors: Rajpoot Subhadra
Published: August 2024

Solid waste management is a critical aspect of environmental stewardship that involves the collection, treatment, and disposal of various types of solid waste generated by human activities. This includes everyday items like household waste, as well as industrial, commercial, and agricultural waste. The primary goal of solid waste management is to minimize the adverse effects of waste on public health, the environment, and aesthetics. Solid waste management is a crucial aspect of maintaining environmental sustainability and public health. Proper waste management includes the collection, transportation, disposal, and recycling of solid waste materials (Nguyen-Viet et al., 2009). It is important to employ efficient strategies such as the implementation of communal bins and scheduled waste collection according to waste types (Gubernatorov, 2020). This ensures the separation of waste for recycling and reduces the amount of waste ending up in landfills.
Green Human Resource Management and Sustainable Performance Management
Authors: Chiboiwa Malvern , Babafemi Elizabeth , Oseghale Felicia Momoh , Oseghale Raphael
Published: August 2024

This study investigates how GHRM facilitates sustainable performance management. Specifically, the study investigates the role of specific GHRM activities on responsible production/consumption, climate action, clear water/sanitation, and sustainable cities. Drawing on secondary literature, the ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) model of HRM and the United Nations sustainability development goals (SDG) framework, the study suggests that GHRM can bolster sustainable performance management and thus lead to the attainment of responsible production/consumption, climate action, clear water/sanitation, and sustainable cities. The study extends the GHRM literature by uncovering how the SDG framework and the AMO model can interact to facilitate the development and deployment of green skills and bolster the attainment of the environmental dimension of SDGs through green leadership. The practical implications of the findings were discussed.
A Comprehensive Study on Patient Privacy and Data Security in Big Data Healthcare Applications
Authors: Devadas Raghavendra , Hiremani Vani , Rani N Shobha , K. R. Bhavya , Sapna R.
Published: August 2024

In a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, the prospects for big data analytics to enhance patient outcomes, disease management, and healthcare performance are immense. However, this transformation doesn't come without a big caveat: privacy of patients and security of data. This chapter depicts a qualitative study by comprehensive literature review, expert interviews, surveys, document analyses, and case studies. During this time whereby big data analytics is front and centre, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the risks and perhaps benefits one may experience while trying to protect patient data. The research contributes a conceptual framework outlining key factors and strategies in patient data security and privacy, offering actionable recommendations for healthcare organizations, policymakers, and data custodians. It underscores the necessity of proactive measures to mitigate risks, enhance data security, and preserve patient trust in the burgeoning field of big data healthcare applications.
Challenges and Strategies in AI-Enhanced Occupational Therapy for Large-Scale Dementia Rehabilitation
Authors: Pineda-Alpizar Andres Felipe , Mourraille-Rojas Jimena , Cruz-Alvarenga Alexis
Published: August 2024

This chapter delves into the intersection of occupational therapy and AI assistive technologies from a comprehensive review perspective scoped for dementia. The need for academic exploration is identified to bridge the gap between conventional practices and modern advancements. The importance of addressing dementia as a global health challenge is highlighted due to population aging and increased life expectancy. Despite the potential of AI-enhanced occupational therapy, the journey towards Healthcare 5.0 faces challenges, including regulatory obstacles and limited resources in low to middle-income countries. Collaborative efforts are crucial to overcoming obstacles and fostering an environment conducive to assistive technological advancement. The chapter concludes by showcasing a success story in the Central American and Caribbean region, underscoring the importance of collaboration for a more inclusive future.
Data Security and Legal Issues in the Application of Medical Big Data
Authors: Du Linxuan , Zhao Zhisheng , Wei Xueqiong , Wang Wenhao , Li Bohao
Published: August 2024

This chapter systematically explores the challenges of data security and legal issues in the application of medical big data. As the application of medical big data expands from clinical diagnostics to drug development, it holds vast potential for growth. However, numerous issues regarding data security and legal ethics also arise. The chapter begins with an overview of the current state of medical big data applications and introduces their applications across various medical fields. It then delves into the various challenges faced in data security. In terms of law and ethics, the chapter discusses the conflict between data ownership and data sharing, introduces international legal frameworks, and examines issues related to artificial intelligence and ethics. Through detailed case studies, this chapter analyzes medical data breach incidents and summarizes the impact of these events and their common security challenges. The intention of this chapter is to guide the secure and lawful use of medical big data while protecting patient privacy and data integrity.
Cybersecurity Risk Assessment Models and Theories in the Travel and Tourism Industry
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2024

A thorough examination of cybersecurity risk assessment methods and theories that are adapted to the particular dynamics of the travel and tourist sector is described in this chapter proposal. The travel and tourism industry is facing previously unheard-of cybersecurity risks in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) context, where technology breakthroughs are redefining industrial landscapes. The chapter addresses the growing cybersecurity concerns resulting from integrating physical, digital, and biological systems in the business by critically evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of various models and theories. This investigation aims to provide a useful tool for professionals, scholars, and decision-makers working to strengthen cybersecurity protocols and adaptability in the quickly changing travel and tourist sector in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.