bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SURVIVAL
Authors: Pranita Komang Ridha , Kristanti Farida Titik
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Analisis Financial Distress Menggunakan Analisis Survival. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio likuiditas, leverage, salesgrowth, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan manajerial, dan kepemilikan institusional terhadap financial distress. Populasi penelitian di sektor industri dasar dan kimia dan sektor indutri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2009-2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh 63 perusahaan atau sampel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan ialah teknik analisis survival. Hasil penelitian: likuiditas, leverage, salesgrowth, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan manajerial, dan kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap financial distress. Likuiditas, leverage, dan kepemilikan manajerial tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Salesgrowth dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap financial distress, dan kepemilikan institusional berpegaruh positif signifikan terhadap financial distress.Kata kunci. Likuiditas; Leverage; Salesgrowth; Ukuran Perusahaan; Kepemilikan Manajerial; Kepemilikan Institusional; Financial Distress
Effectiveness of a Participatory and Interactive Virtual Reality Intervention in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: Longitudinal Questionnaire Study
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jin , Lee Seulki , Jung Dooyoung , Hur Ji-Won , Lee Heon-Jeong , Lee Sungkil , Kim Gerard J , Cho Chung-Yean , Choi Seungmoon , Lee Seung-Moo , Cho Chul-Hyun
Published: October 2020

Background

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by excessive fear of negative evaluation and humiliation in social interactions and situations. Virtual reality (VR) treatment is a promising intervention option for SAD.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to create a participatory and interactive VR intervention for SAD. Treatment progress, including the severity of symptoms and the cognitive and emotional aspects of SAD, was analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

Methods

In total, 32 individuals with SAD and 34 healthy control participants were enrolled in the study through advertisements for online bulletin boards at universities. A VR intervention was designed consisting of three stages (introduction, core, and finishing) and three difficulty levels (easy, medium, and hard) that could be selected by the participants. The core stage was the exposure intervention in which participants engaged in social situations. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed through Beck Anxiety inventory (BAI), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Internalized Shame Scale (ISS), Post-Event Rumination Scale (PERS), Social Phobia Scale (SPS), Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Brief-Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE), and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS).

Results

In the SAD group, scores on the BAI (F=4.616, P=.009), STAI-Trait (F=4.670, P=.004), ISS (F=6.924, P=.001), PERS-negative (F=1.008, P<.001), SPS (F=8.456, P<.001), BFNE (F=6.117, P=.004), KSAD (F=13.259, P<.001), and LSAS (F=4.103, P=.009) significantly improved over the treatment process. Compared with the healthy control group before treatment, the SAD group showed significantly higher scores on all scales (P<.001), and these significant differences persisted even after treatment (P<.001). In the comparison between the VR treatment responder and nonresponder subgroups, there was no significant difference across the course of the VR session.

Conclusions

These findings indicated that a participatory and interactive VR intervention had a significant effect on alleviation of the clinical symptoms of SAD, confirming the usefulness of VR for the treatment of SAD. VR treatment is expected to be one of various beneficial therapeutic approaches in the future.

Trial Registration

Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) KCT0003854; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=13508
Preliminary Outcomes of a Digital Therapeutic Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Webb Jamie , Peerbux Sarrah , Smittenaar Peter , Siddiqui Sarim , Sherwani Yusuf , Ahmed Maroof , MacRae Hannah , Puri Hannah , Bhalla Sangita , Majeed Azeem
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death and disease worldwide. Digital interventions delivered through smartphones offer a promising alternative to traditional methods, but little is known about their effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to test the preliminary effectiveness of Quit Genius, a novel digital therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation.

METHODS

A 2-arm, single-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial design was used. Participants were recruited via referrals from primary care practices and social media advertisements in the United Kingdom. A total of 556 adult smokers (aged 18 years or older) smoking at least 5 cigarettes a day for the past year were recruited. Of these, 530 were included for the final analysis. Participants were randomized to one of 2 interventions. Treatment consisted of a digital therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation consisting of a smartphone app delivering cognitive behavioral therapy content, one-to-one coaching, craving tools, and tracking capabilities. The control intervention was very brief advice along the Ask, Advise, Act model. All participants were offered nicotine replacement therapy for 3 months. Participants in a random half of each arm were pseudorandomly assigned a carbon monoxide device for biochemical verification. Outcomes were self-reported via phone or online. The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 4 weeks post quit date.

RESULTS

A total of 556 participants were randomized (treatment: n=277; control: n=279). The intention-to-treat analysis included 530 participants (n=265 in each arm; 11 excluded for randomization before trial registration and 15 for protocol violations at baseline visit). By the quit date (an average of 16 days after randomization), 89.1% (236/265) of those in the treatment arm were still actively engaged. At the time of the primary outcome, 74.0% (196/265) of participants were still engaging with the app. At 4 weeks post quit date, 44.5% (118/265) of participants in the treatment arm had not smoked in the preceding 7 days compared with 28.7% (76/265) in the control group (risk ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.23-1.96; P<.001; intention-to-treat, n=530). Self-reported 7-day abstinence agreed with carbon monoxide measurement (carbon monoxide <10 ppm) in 96% of cases (80/83) where carbon monoxide readings were available. No harmful effects of the intervention were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The Quit Genius digital therapeutic intervention is a superior treatment in achieving smoking cessation 4 weeks post quit date compared with very brief advice.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 65853476; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65853476
Effect of a Wearable Motion Sensor Device in Facilitating In-Home Rehabilitation Program in Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yu-Pin , Lin Chung-Ying , Kuo Yi-Jie , Lee Oscar Kuang-Sheng
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective procedure for patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Postoperative rehabilitation programs are essential for facilitating functional recovery after TKA. However, clinical results vary because of inconsistent patient compliance.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to verify the feasibility of a treatment model that involves applying a wearable motion sensor device (MSD) to assist patients in performing home-based exercises after TKA.

METHODS

The MSD comprised inertial measurement unit–based sensors and mobile apps for patients and physicians, which allowed for knee mobility tracing, home-based exercise support, and progress monitoring. The interrater reliability of knee mobility measurements was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Different knee flexion angles and the time spent for completing the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5TSST) in 12 healthy participants were measured by 2 experienced physicians and using the MSD, and their results were compared using ICC. A pilot prospective control trial was then conducted, in which 12 patients following TKA were allocated to 2 groups: the home-based exercise group and the MSD-assisted rehabilitation group. Changes in knee range of motion, pain, functional score (assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index), performance (tested using 5TSST), and exercise completion rates were compared between the groups over 2 months of follow-up.

RESULTS

Knee flexion at different angles and the time spent for completing 5TSST measured using the MSD exhibited excellent reliability compared with the physician measurements (ICC range: 0.996 and 0.996 respectively). Furthermore, patients in the MSD-assisted rehabilitation group reported higher exercise completion rate within 2 months of the in-home exercise program compared with participants in the home-based exercise group, which lead to more favorable outcomes in the knee extension angle and maximal and average angular velocity in 5TSST.

CONCLUSIONS

MSD-assisted home-based rehabilitation following TKA is a useful treatment model for telerehabilitation because it enhances patients’ compliance to training, which improves functional recovery. This method helps overcome critical obstacles in home-based physiotherapy among patients after TKA. Therefore, this study has crucial implications for patients and health systems.
Telehealth in the COVID-19 Era: A Balancing Act to Avoid Harm (Preprint)
Authors: Reeves J Jeffery , Ayers John W , Longhurst Christopher A
Published: October 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The telehealth revolution in response to COVID-19 has increased essential health care access during an unprecedented public health crisis. However, virtual patient care can also limit the patient-provider relationship, quality of examination, efficiency of health care delivery, and overall quality of care. As we witness the most rapidly adopted medical trend in modern history, clinicians are beginning to comprehend the many possibilities of telehealth, but its limitations also need to be understood. As outcomes are studied and federal regulations reconsidered, it is important to be precise in the virtual patient encounter approach. Herein, we offer some simple guidelines that could assist health care providers and clinic schedulers in determining the appropriateness of a telehealth visit by considering visit types, patient characteristics, and chief complaint or disease states.
Bridging Learning in Medicine and Citizenship During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Telehealth-Based Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cerqueira-Silva Thiago , Carreiro Roberto , Nunes Victor , Passos Louran , Canedo Bernardo F , Andrade Sofia , Ramos Pablo Ivan P , Khouri Ricardo , Santos Carolina Barbosa Souza , Nascimento Jedson Dos Santos , Paste Aurea Angélica , Paiva Filho Ivan De Mattos , Santini-Oliveira Marília , Cruz Álvaro , Barral-Netto Manoel , Boaventura Viviane
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 presented great challenges for not only those in the field of health care but also those undergoing medical training. The burden on health care services worldwide has limited the educational opportunities available for medical students due to social distancing requirements.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, we describe a strategy that combines telehealth and medical training to mitigate the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

A toll-free telescreening service, Telecoronavirus, began operations in March 2020. This service was operated remotely by supervised medical students and was offered across all 417 municipalities (14.8 million inhabitants) in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Students recorded clinical and sociodemographic data by using a web-based application that was simultaneously accessed by medical volunteers for supervision purposes, as well as by state health authorities who conducted epidemiological surveillance and health management efforts. In parallel, students received up-to-date scientific information about COVID-19 via short educational videos prepared by professors. A continuously updated triage algorithm was conceived to provide consistent service.

RESULTS

The program operated for approximately 4 months, engaging 1396 medical students and 133 physicians. In total, 111,965 individuals residing in 343 municipalities used this service. Almost 70,000 individuals were advised to stay at home, and they received guidance to avoid disease transmission, potentially contributing to localized reductions in the spread of COVID-19. Additionally, the program promoted citizenship education for medical students, who were engaged in a real-life opportunity to fight the pandemic within their own communities. The objectives of the education, organization, and assistance domains of the Telecoronavirus program were successfully achieved according to the results of a web-based post-project survey that assessed physicians’ and students’ perceptions.

CONCLUSIONS

In a prolonged pandemic scenario, a combination of remote tools and medical supervision via telehealth services may constitute a useful strategy for maintaining social distancing measures while preserving some practical aspects of medical education. A low-cost tool such as the Telecoronavirus program could be especially valuable in resource-limited health care scenarios, in addition to offering support for epidemiological surveillance actions.
Rising Ottoman Nostalgia in Turkish Popular Culture
Authors: Çetinkaya Ceren
Published: October 2020

This article contributes to the study of the relationship between popular culture and politics by analysing the reversal of Turkey’s Europeanization process after 2010. It explores how domestic dynamics can change social perceptions into foreign policy positions. Therefore, this article examines domestic dimensions and the current Turkish government’s identity reconstruction process by considering popular culture as an important dynamic in the relations between the EU and Turkey. The current reconstruction process from a European to a neo-Ottoman identity of Turkey is analysed via Gramsci’s cultural hegemony concept to understand the changes in Turkish politicians’ discourses and popular culture products more efficiently. Two famous Ottoman-themed soap operas are compared in terms of their content and government’s attitudes towards them. Moreover, discourse analysis and critical visual analysis are used to examine the representations of Turkish and European identities in the soap operas.
Glycine receptors (version 2020.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Authors: Lynch Joseph. W. , Sivilotti Lucia G. , Smart Trevor G.
Published: October 2020

The inhibitory glycine receptor (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Glycine Receptors) is a member of the Cys-loop superfamily of transmitter-gated ion channels that includes the zinc activated channels, GABAA, nicotinic acetylcholine and 5-HT3 receptors and Zn2+- activated channels. The receptor is expressed either as a homo-pentamer of α subunits, or a complex now thought to harbour 2α and 3β subunits [32, 7], that contain an intrinsic anion channel. Four differentially expressed isoforms of the α-subunit (α1-α4) and one variant of the β-subunit (β1, GLRB, P48167) have been identified by genomic and cDNA cloning. Further diversity originates from alternative splicing of the primary gene transcripts for α1 (α1INS and α1del), α2 (α2A and α2B), α3 (α3S and α3L) and β (βΔ7) subunits and by mRNA editing of the α2 and α3 subunit [82, 92, 20]. Both α2 splicing and α3 mRNA editing can produce subunits (i.e., α2B and α3P185L) with enhanced agonist sensitivity. Predominantly, the adult form of the receptor contains α1 (or α3) and β subunits whereas the immature form is mostly composed of only α2 subunits. The &a;pha;4 subunit is a pseudogene in humans. High resolution molecular structures are available for the α1 and α3 homomeric receptors [49, 19]. As in other Cys-loop receptors, the orthosteric binding site for agonists and the competitive antagonist strychnine is formed at the interfaces between the subunits’ extracellular domains. Inclusion of the β-subunit in the pentameric glycine receptor contributes to agonist binding, reduces single channel conductance and alters pharmacology. The β-subunit also anchors the receptor, via an amphipathic sequence within the large intracellular loop region, to gephyrin. This a cytoskeletal attachment protein that binds to a number of subsynaptic proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure and thus clusters and anchors hetero-oligomeric receptors to the synapse [55, 53, 87]. G protein βγ subunits enhance the open state probability of native and recombinant glycine receptors by association with domains within the large intracellular loop [123, 122]. Intracellular chloride concentration modulates the kinetics of native and recombinant glycine receptors [95]. Intracellular Ca2+ appears to increase native and recombinant glycine receptor affinity, prolonging channel open events, by a mechanism that does not involve phosphorylation [26]. Extracellular Zn2+ potentiates GlyR function at nanomolar concentrations [85]. and causes inhibition at higher micromolar concentrations (17).
РАЗРАБОТКА ПРОТОТИПА ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ САПР ДЛЯ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ СВЧ-УСТРОЙСТВ И GAAS/GAN МИС
Authors: Косов Д.С. , Шеерман Ф.И. , Бабак Л.И.
Published: October 2020

Формулируются требования к САПР для проектирования СВЧ-устройств и GaAs/GaN монолитных интегральных схем (МИС). Рассматривается разработка прототипа такой системы, включающего интерфейс пользователя, модули схемотехнического графического редактора, моделирования и отображения результатов, библиотеку базовых СВЧ-элементов и др.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКИХ РЕЖИМОВ В СХЕМАХ НА МЕМРИСТОРНЫХ ПРИБОРАХ
Authors: Гурарий М.М. , Ракитин В.В. , Русаков С.Г. , Ульянов С.Л.
Published: October 2020

Обсуждаются проблемы моделирования периодических режимов в схемах с мемристорными приборами, включая моделирование мемристорных генераторных схем. Результаты моделирования электрических характеристик генераторных схем на мемристорных приборах иллюстрируют новые функциональные возможности генераторных схем.
СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СВЧ-СИНТЕЗАТОРА ЧАСТОТ КОСВЕННОГО МЕТОДА СИНТЕЗА
Authors: Мартиросов В.Е. , Алексеев Г.А.
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты исследований методами имитационного моделирования спектральных характеристик высокоскоростного широкодиапазонного СВЧ-синтезатора частот косвенного метода синтеза. Показано, что в предложенной структуре синтезатора уровень частотно-фазовых шумов СВЧ-автогенератора может быть существенно минимизирован.
La reforma de la educación y sus arquitecturas: un estudio en la cotidianidad de las escuelas
Authors: Grinberg Silvia , Villagrán Carla Andrea
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se presentan avances de un trabajo de investigación, cualitativo y etnográfico, acerca de la cotidianidad escolar atravesada por la puesta en acto de políticas de reforma educativa. El espacio escolar y sus condiciones definen coordenadas clave, no sólo para la puesta en marcha de una reforma estructural del sistema educativo, sino también para que la enseñanza y el aprendizaje tengan lugar. Se realizó un estudio de caso, desde un enfoque descriptivo y cualitativo, en dos escuelas secundarias de Caleta Olivia (Santa Cruz, Argentina), atendiendo a los procesos de fragmentación del territorio urbano y educacional de esa ciudad. La información se obtuvo mediante entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante. Se sostiene que el diseño político de la reforma evidencia una arquitectura ausente o, cuando mucho, como en los casos investigados, la creación de espacios escolares a partir de la cesión, división o prefabricación con placas de yeso.
Admisión y selección socioeconómica en educación media superior
Authors: Hernández-Fernández Jimena
Published: October 2020

El tipo de proceso de admisión utilizado en educación media superior puede afectar la composición socioeconómica de los estudiantes que ingresan. El artículo investiga si el uso de exámenes de ingreso o la carencia de éstos promueve una composición socioeconómica diferenciada. El análisis se realiza con datos de PISA 2012. Se exploran los cambios en la distribución en el estatus socioeconómico entre los estudiantes de secundaria y EMS en México según proceso de admisión. Los resultados muestran que en los estados que utilizan admisión simple se favorece proporcionalmente la representación de estudiantes que provienen de estratos más desfavorecidos; mientras que las entidades con examen único favorecen la representación de estratos medios. Asimismo, destaca que en los estados con examen único disminuye en mayor medida la representación de estudiantes del quintil más alto. Ello apunta a que existe una alta migración a escuelas privadas en la transición entre secundaria y EMS.
Escolaridad básica en personas adultas en México
Authors: Rodríguez Nava Abigail , Couturier Bañuelos Delia Patricia , Jiménez Bustos Raymundo Giovanni
Published: October 2020

El propósito de esta investigación es analizar la situación de escolaridad básica de las personas adultas en México en los últimos años y los programas para su atención, para determinar si hay avances en la reducción del rezago educativo. El enfoque utilizado parte de las obligaciones del Estado mexicano en derechos humanos, especialmente sobre el derecho a la educación; asimismo, se examina la evidencia empírica relacionada con las carencias en educación básica proveniente de distintas fuentes, entre otras, de la Encuesta Nacional de los Hogares (ENH) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI, 2018), así como el presupuesto destinado a los programas de educación para adultos entre los años 2010 y 2018. Se evidencian avances sustanciales solamente en la alfabetización, pero no en la reducción del rezago educativo en la escolaridad básica en su conjunto, lo que podría estar asociado a la ineficaz distribución de los recursos económicos.
Experiencia de Usuario + Web Responsivo: Un Estudio desde la Perspectiva de un Enfoque Integrado
Authors: Vidal Paola , Martin Adriana
Published: October 2020

Al desarrollar un producto web (sitio, aplicación móvil o app), considerar la eXperiencia de Usuario (UX) es un factor clave al éxito del proceso de diseño. Un buen diseño de interfaz puede permitirle al usuario mantener una interacción más simple y eficiente con el producto web. Mientras que el diseño de la eXperiencia de Usuario (UX) es el proceso de lograr su satisfacción, mejorando la usabilidad, la facilidad de uso y el placer proporcionados en su interacción con el producto web. Por otra parte, si además, el producto ofrece propiedades de Diseño Web Responsivo (RWD), es mucho más probable que los visitantes desde dispositivos móviles experimenten una interacción más positiva que los incite a visitar y utilizar el produc-to nuevamente. Existen ciclos ágiles que consideran la UX en el desarrollo de un productos web, pero no incluyen específicamente propiedades que lo tornen responsivo a lo efectos de contribuir a la satisfacción del usuario que utiliza multidispositivos para interactuar con dicho producto. Por otra parte, con la aparición de la filosofía RWD, surgen varias propuestas para contribuir a que un producto sea responsivo, facilitando su uso desde cualquier tipo de dispo-sitivo. Ensamblar las fortalezas de UX y el RWD en el desarrollo de un producto web parece ser un enfoque prometedor para alcanzar la satisfacción de sus usuarios.En este trabajo se realizan análisis del estado-del-arte de los ciclos ágiles de desarrollo que consideran la UX, como así también, de las propuestas que consideran características multi-dispositivo en los productos web a desarrollar. De esta manera, se propone un enfoque inte-grador. El enfoque ensambla los beneficios del desarrollo multidispositivo en el ciclo de dise-ño UX, basados en la hipótesis de que el diseño responsivo contribuye a mejorar la UX en el desarrollo de producto web.
Usabilidad de las Páginas de Inicio de las Redes Sociales de Video
Authors: Lima Cinthia , Casas Sandra , Hernández Sebastián Alejandro
Published: October 2020

En la última década los sitios web cuyo principal contenido son los videos, se han constituido como redes sociales de video (RSV). La popularidad de estas plataformas radica en el hecho de que millones de personas diariamente navegan por sus páginas, buscando, reproduciendo, subiendo, comentando y compartiendo videos propios y/o de otros usuarios. La usabilidad es un atributo de calidad del software y el nivel de usabilidad de los sitios web es uno de los factores clave a la hora de determinar el fracaso o éxito de un sitio web en el Internet. En este trabajo se presenta una evaluación de las páginas de inicio de las RSV Youtube, Vimeo, Dailymotion, Metacafe y Break con el objetivo de conocer los niveles de usabilidad de dichas páginas. Para llevar a cabo dicha evaluación se utilizó DESMET y para ello se confeccionó una lista de verificación de usabilidad para páginas de inicio con guías pertenecientes a diferentes aspectos de diseño. También se utilizaron herramientas de estadística básica. Este informe aporta tanto información cualitativa como cuantitativa, que identifica debilidades y fortalezas del diseño de las páginas de inicio de las RSV que están relacionadas con la usabilidad de las mismas.
Risk Associated with NAD (P) H: Quinone Oxidoreductase I (NQOI) C609T Polymorphism for Cigarette Smoke Induced Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A Study on Male Current Smokers from Eastern India
Authors: Santanu Banerjee
Published: October 2020

NAD(P)H:  quinone oxidoreductase  1 (NQO1) is a well-known enzyme for its protective role  against  cigarette smoke (CS) derived harmful quinones such as p-benzoquinone which is a major causative agent of CS-related cardiovascular disease (CVD). NQO1 C609T single nucleotide polymorphism has severe consequence on NQO1 function and its availability. We propose that the presence of the variant allele of this polymorphism exposes smokers towards a greater risk of developing CVD.   For the verification of this hypothesis we perform a genotype analysis for this SNP in two groups of male current smokers (smokers with CVD, n=100 and smokers without CVD, n=200) by a PCR-RFLP method. Genotype distributions of both groups were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. The wild type (p) and the variant allele (q) frequencies were different for these  two  groups  (in  smokers  without  CVD:  p=67.3%,  q=32.7%;  in  smokers  with  CVD:  p=59%,  q=41%).  The  genotype frequencies were significantly different between the two smoker groups (in smoker without CVD: CC=43.5%, CT=47.5% and TT=9%;  in  smokers  with  CVD:  CC=32%,  CT=54%  and  TT=14%).  Cochran-Armitage-linear  Trend  Test  indicated  that  the ‘proportions of smokers with CVD’ have a linear trend with the number of variant alleles of NQO1 C609T SNP (CA Test χ2=4.329, p<0.05). The variation of genotype distribution between the two smoker groups was analysed by different genetic test model. Significant variation was observed in additive model (p<0.05). The odds ratios (OR) for the heterozygous (CT) and the homozygous (TT) were greater than one (for CT: OR=1.55, 95%CI: 0.91-2.61; for TT: OR=2.11, 95%CI: 0.94-4.74).Thus, the study strongly indicated that the variant allele of the NQO1 C609T SNP is associated with greater risk for developing CS- related CVD in cigarette smokers.
PEDAGOGIA DAS CANOAS: MEMÓRIAS E HISTÓRIAS DAS MULHERES NEGRAS DA VILA DO CARMO DO MACACOARI-AP
Authors: Almeida Maria das Dores do Rosário , Custódio Elivaldo Serrão
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, procurou-se compartilhar a Metodologia das Canoas, como possibilidade de (re)construir histórias e memórias esquecidas das mulheres negras da Vila do Carmo do Macacoari-AP nas historiografias e (re)contar novas histórias a partir de experiências de vida. Com base nos métodos qualitativo, descritivo (análise documental) e de pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como referência a pesquisa-ação, abordaram-se as premissas da metodologia e descreveu-se também o caminho percorrido para estruturar as suas fases e interfases. Concluiu-se que a Metodologia das Canoas é uma ferramenta que pode ser aplicada em estudos científicos para desvelar sujeitos anônimos que vivenciaram histórias de suas comunidades, assim como contribuir para a preservação da memória de grupos, povos e comunidades tradicionais excluídos das historiografias.
FORMAR PROFESSORES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO DE PESSOAS JOVENS E ADULTAS NA AMÉRICA LATINA: UM CAMPO EM DEFINIÇÃO
Authors: Cunha Júnior Adenilson Souza , Soares Leôncio José Gomes
Published: October 2020

Objetivamos neste estudo apresentar através de uma análise panorâmica as principais tendências e tensões existentes no campo da formação de professores para a Educação de Pessoas Jovens e Adultas (EPJA) na América Latina. O reconhecimento da EPJA como um direito concreto requer a formulação e a efetivação de políticas públicas que assegurem desde o financiamento até a sistematização do trabalho pedagógico para esse tipo de oferta educativa, o que implica necessariamente também, na constituição da área como um espaço pedagógico definido, requerendo no campo dos processos formativos uniformização do processo de formação de professores para atuar na EPJA, que se encontra imerso em uma pluralidade de contextos. Para tal, a elaboração de uma proposta de formação de professores para atuar na EPJA implica em tomar o referencial crítico da área como elemento precípuo para a constituição de um campo pedagógico próprio. É fundamental que o professor da EPJA tenha em sua formação uma compreensão clara sobre as situações de aprendizagens desenvolvidas na vida adulta, como se apropriar e selecionar tais aprendizagens, considerando esses elementos em suas práticas pedagógicas.
LA EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA EN LOS CENTROS DE FORMACIÓN DE PERSONAS ADULTAS EN CATALUÑA
Authors: Jaca Ana Soldevila , Ordóñez Juan Llanes , Teijón Amèlia Tey
Published: October 2020

El concepto de educación de personas adultas resulta complejo y ha ido evolucionando con el objeto de responder a las exigencias sociales de los diferentes momentos históricos. La educación básica dentro de la formación de adultos, entendida como el graduado en educación secundaria centrado en Cataluña, no se escapa tampoco de esta complejidad y evolución. En líneas generales, cuenta con muchos rasgos diferenciadores respecto al resto de enseñanzas ordinarias, siendo el principal las características socioeducativas de su alumnado, bien, porque al encontrarse en la etapa adulta deben compaginar su formación con las responsabilidades propias de su edad, o bien, porque el alumnado es cada vez más joven fruto del fracaso escolar del sistema educativo ordinario. Esto hace que, entre otras cosas, el abandono escolar represente uno de los problemas más graves con los que se debe enfrentar este tipo de educación, lo que implica una reestructuración de la misma para dar respuestas a los retos que se plantean en esta sociedad de cambio continuo y acelerado. Analizar, por tanto, la enseñanza obligatoria en adultos implica tener en cuenta varios factores, dada la multidimensionalidad del proceso. El artículo trata algunos aspectos institucionales, curriculares y personales que se corresponden a los ámbitos macro, meso y microsocial respectivamente, para después aportar algunas propuestas que pasan, entre otras cosas, por la necesidad de una flexibilidad curricular, la adopción de un modelo socio comunitario y, fundamentalmente, la orientación educativa dentro de este ámbito formativo.
Evaluación piloto de toxicidad aguda del rio Fucha
Authors: Giraldo Osorio Didiana Vanessa , Chiriví Salomón Juan Sebastián
Published: October 2020

El Río Fucha es una corriente que atraviesa la ciudad de Bogotá y que con el tiempo se ha vuelto receptora de distintos tipos de vertimientos y desperdicios. A su vez, implementar acciones de recuperación y conservación sobre el mismo implica una disminución progresiva de la afectación dada al paisaje urbano y del Río Bogotá donde desemboca. Es por lo anterior que, este estudio tuvo la intención de realizar una evaluación piloto de la toxicología aguda de sus aguas a través de un bioensayo utilizando semillas de Lactuca sativa L., que es un habitual modelo vegetal para evaluar fitotoxicidad. El bioensayo consistió en la exposición de semillas certificadas a una muestra de agua del río, en diferentes concentraciones y utilizando dos controles de agua salina y agua potable. Se observó una evidente inhibición de la germinación, llegando a un máximo de 30 % y que tiende a disminuir a medida que disminuye la concentración de la muestra colectada. También se observó una afectación en la longitud radicular dada por una inhibición radicular del 52,4 % en la concentración más alta de la muestra. Morfológicamente, se encontró evidencia de la toxicidad sobre las semillas al observar ápices radiculares con necrosis moderada, poco desarrollo en los pelos absorbentes de la raíz y necrosis en al menos uno de los cotiledones. Este estudio es una línea base toxicológica para desarrollar proyectos de semillero o como opción de grado, e implementar a mediano plazo programas de saneamiento para recuperar el río Fucha. Se recomienda que estos productos sean vinculados a estudios composicionales que permitan relacionar de manera directa los hallazgos toxicológicos con agentes contaminantes específicos.
Enteritis por radiación. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Vargas Rubio Rómulo Darío , Ovalle Hernández Alan Felipe
Published: October 2020

La enteritis por radiación es una patología causada por la radiación que se suministra durante el manejo de neoplasias radiosensibles. Esta enfermedad puede clasificarse en enteritis aguda o crónica, en las cuales es posible que se desarrollen síntomas por malabsorción u obstrucción intestinal, que alteran la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Presentamos el reporte de caso de un paciente masculino de 67 años, con antecedente de adenocarcinoma difuso con células en anillo de sello infiltrante y compromiso de todo el espesor de la pared gástrica, quien había recibido un manejo quirúrgico mediante gastrectomía total, asociado a quimio-radioterapia. El individuo consultó por síntomas de obstrucción intestinal. En principio, se consideró la existencia de una recaída tumoral. Sin embargo, se corroboró que los síntomas estaban relacionados con el compromiso causado por la radiación.
Retorno a la actividad asistencial en el contexto de COVID-19: priorización, protocolos y procedimientos. Experiencia de una unidad de gastroenterología ambulatoria en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Molano Caro Jenny , Borrero-Cortés. Crystian , Lizarazo Rodriguez Jorge Iván , Gómez Chacón Néstor Eduardo
Published: October 2020

La infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 en Colombia condujo a que el Gobierno decretara una cuarentena total obligatoria en marzo de 2020. En dicho momento, las unidades de endoscopia ambulatoria permanecieron cerradas y solo se efectuaron procedimientos urgentes en el ámbito hospitalario. Esto ocasionó un represamiento de procedimientos endoscópicos sensibles al tiempo, prioritarios y electivos, de realización ambulatoria. La velocidad  de propagación del virus se ha contenido, lográndose detener la progresión exponencial observada inicialmente. En dicho contexto, la atención de gastroenterología se ha continuado en la modalidad de teleconsulta. En mayo de este mismo año, el comportamiento de contención epidemiológica permitió que la Alcaldía de Bogotá y el Gobierno nacional emitieran circulares con las recomendaciones para la prestación de algunos servicios ambulatorios reglamentados, y así dar oportunidad de atención a pacientes con enfermedades sensibles al tiempo. Dentro de este marco legal y epidemiológico, se reinició la prestación de servicios de endoscopia digestiva en Emdiagnóstica S.A.S. Por tanto, presentamos aquí las estrategias para la programación y la realización de procedimientos endoscópicos en una unidad ambulatoria de gastroenterología, durante la pandemia por COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) en Colombia. También se describe un sistema de priorización de procedimientos de acuerdo con el criterio médico, que va desde la atención por teleconsulta o la aplicación de una encuesta telefónica hasta la utilización de una escala MeNTS (Medically Necessary Time-Sensitive) adaptada para endoscopia digestiva. Además, se relatan las adecuaciones en la planta física, la metodología implementada para la protección del talento humano y de los pacientes y el seguimiento posterior a la realización de los procedimientos para retroalimentación, seguridad y evaluación de satisfacción.
La investigación clínica como generadora de conocimiento científico
Authors: I Bartolacci
Published: October 2020

Llevamos más de 250 años investigando. Ya en 1747, el médico escocés James Lind comenzó lo que se considera que es el primer ensayo clínico de la historia. Lind a bordo del buque Salisbury, trató a doce marineros enfermos de escorbuto con diferentes dietas y observó que dos de ellos que consumían naranja y limón mejoraron rápidamente: Este estudio tenía su origen en la pregunta ¿cuál era la causa del escorbuto?. Y así aparecían las respuestas.
Características clínicas y asistenciales de los pacientes oncológicos en estadio terminal hasta el momento del óbito
Authors: M Winocur , S Bella
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer representa la quinta causa de muerte a nivel mundial, y un importante problemade salud. En la etapa final de la vida los pacientes reciben cuidados paliativos, tanto en su hogar como hospitalizados. Si bien la mayoría de ellos prefieren fallecer en sus hogares, una proporción importante lo hace admitidos en instituciones de salud. OBJETIVO: Primario: Cuantificar los días de internación de pacientes oncológicos que reciben cuidados paliativos hasta el momento del óbito.Secundario: Determinar la frecuencia de los síntomas por los cuales se hospitalizan estos pacientes.MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes oncológicos terminales que fallecieron durante la hospitalización, desde febrero del año 2017 hasta junio del 2018, en la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola. Las variables que se analizaron fueron: edad, sexo, días de internación, motivo de internación, tipo de tumor, síntomas, medicación paliativa recibida, utilización de métodos terapéuticos invasivos. Los datos se presentan con estadística descriptiva: las variables categóricas con N (%) y las variables continuas con medidas de posición y dispersión. RESULTADOS: La muestra final estuvo conformada por un total de 63 pacientes. La mayoría eran de sexo femenino (57%) con una edad de 62 años. Los tipos de tumores más frecuentes fueron los de mama (26,2%), pulmón (21,3%) y, cáncer colorrectal (11,5%). La frecuencia de los síntomas tratados fueron las siguientes: disnea (27%), dolor (21%) y deshidratación (19%). Los días de estadía promedio (desviación estándar, DE) fueron de 9,5 (8.7) días.El 41,3% de los pacientes estuvieron hasta 5 días internados antes de fallecer, y 33,3% entre 6 y 10 días internados, el resto de los pacientes estuvieron ≥11 días. El 68.1% de los pacientes tenían tres o más medicaciones registradas.CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio demostró que los pacientes oncológicos terminales permanecen internados una media de 9,5 días, siendo este tiempo mayor en comparación con los países con mayor desarrollo. Quedará abierta la posibilidad a futuras investigaciones que se puedan analizar sobre los aspectos no biológicos del final de la vida y ver qué es lo que lleva a su hospitalización en lugar de una internación en su hogar.
Numerical simulation on temperature in wood crib fires
Authors: Xi Yanhong , Dong Xue , Chow Wanki
Published: October 2020

Temperature from burning wood cribs will be simulated in this paper by subgrid scale model in fire dynamics simulator. A baseline gas phase uncertainty is determined for simulating wood crib fire spread scenarios. This uncertainty is based on a sensitivity analysis of key input parameters and their subsequent effect on key output variables that are important for fire spread. Effects of different grid systems, computing domains and moisture contents on the predictions were studied first and then used to study the gaseous phase sensitivity. The gaseous phase input variables considered are: Smagorinsky constant, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number. The results show that the predictions for temperature have good agreement with experiment with the values of 0.25, 0.7, 0.4, and 5 for Smagorinsky constant, turbulent Schmidt number, and turbulent Prandtl number, respectively.
Optical study on needle lift and its effects on reacting diesel sprays of a single hole solenoid injector
Authors: Xuan Tiemin , Sun Zhongcheng , Lu Peng , Zhong Wenjun , Si Zhanbo , He Zhixia , Wang Qian , Chen Zhou , Guan Wei
Published: October 2020

Precise control of needle lift provides one possibility to control the diesel spray and combustion process actively. However, most studies of needle lift focus on internal flow or near nozzle spray. Little work has been performed on its effects on reacting spray. In this work, one way to change the needle lift profile of a solenoid injector has been developed and the relationship between needle lift and reacting spray has been investigated. The needle movement was detected with an optical nozzle. In addition, the visualization of reacting sprays of the same injector equipped with a single hole nozzle was conducted in a combustion chamber. Some simulations were also performed to assist the analysis. The results show that the needle lift profile can be regulated by changing the thickness of an adjusting pad. It seems the different needle lift profiles do not bring in significant influences on reacting spray characteristics. The CFD results indicate that it is mainly caused by the similar internal flow characteristics which do not show strong variation when needle lift is higher than 0.1 mm. However, the discharge coefficient and velocity coefficient decrease sharply when needle lift is smaller than 0.05 mm because of the ?throttle? effect.
The CFD methodology for simulating pumping loss from displacer and piston seals of free piston Stirling engine
Authors: Munir Umair , Shah Asad , Kamran Muhammad , Farhan Muhammad , Anwar Zahid
Published: October 2020

A new axisymmetric CFD model capable of describing pumping loss is proposed for free piston Stirling engine. Inclusion of clearance seals, bounce space, heater, cooler, and regenerator in a single model is the unique strength of this work. For transient simulation of engine, dynamic mesh was utilized for catering needs of moving boundaries. The model was validated with 12.5 kW component test power converter and successfully predicted indicated power, efficiency, pressure amplitude, pressure drop, and gas temperature in expansion and compression space at different piston amplitudes with 6% maximum deviation. The results showed that the heat exchange at heater and cooler was minimized at each flow reversal and was strongly influenced by oscillating gas-flow rate. The results also present optimum displacer and piston seal clearance at different charge pressure and operating frequencies. The displacer seal clearance could be increased up to 125 ?m without compromising power, however, engine output was severely affected with increasing piston seal gap.
Analytical determination and validation by finite elements method of hydrogen weld of carbon steel after post-heating
Authors: Meseguer-Valdenebro Jose , Portoles Antonio , Martinez-Conesa Eusebio
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work is to determine analytically the amount of hydrogen residual in a weld after having carried out post-heating for a certain period of time in order to reduce the risk of cold cracking due to the presence of hydrogen in the weld and its validation by the finite element method. Post-heating is a variable present in the welding procedures and therefore, it is mandatory in those welds that require it. This work can be helpful to determine both numerically by the finite element method and analytically the post-heating suitable in a welding process depending on that process, the welded material and the base material. In this work, the phase transformation and time difference of the phase transformation between the weld metal and base metal are not considered. The diffusivity values are those used by the reference method that analytically calculates the residual hydrogen in a carbon steel weld. There are two values of hydrogen diffusivity (minimum value and maximum value) in this way the diffusivity values that represent all types of carbon steel are collected. The least amount of hydrogen in the weld is with a post-heating to 200?C, producing a decrease in hydrogen in the weld at a higher speed than with the rest of temperatures below this.
A comprehensive analytical characterization of Greek lignite bottom ash samples
Authors: Iordanidis Andreas , Asvesta Argyro , Kapageridis Ioannis , Vasileiadou Agapi , Koios Kyros , Oikonomidis Stavros , Kantiranis Nikolaos
Published: October 2020

Bottom ash samples were collected from four lignite power plants of Greece. Granulometric analysis was executed and after homogenization four distinct fractions (>1.25, 0.63-1.25, 0.18-0.63, <0.18 mm) were obtained. The samples were analysed by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive system, while thermo-gravimetric and stereomicroscope viewing were applied for the coarse fractions. Furthermore, proximate analysis (moisture, ash, volatiles, fixed carbon) was un-dertaken and loss on ignition and calorific values were determined. The particle size distribution revealed that bottom ash satisfies the gradation criteria for concrete and geotechnical applications. The mineral composition included mainly amorphous matter, quartz, plagioclase, calcite and gehlenite and minor amounts of pyroxene, portlandite, hematite, micas, etc. The chemical analysis showed Si, Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, S as major and Ti and K as minor chemical elements, indicating high slagging, and fouling potential within the thermal chambers. Based on the chemistry and mineralogy of the bottom ash samples, a potential utilization in concrete manufacturing is discussed, taking into account certain limitations. Based on loss on ignition, proximate analysis, calorific values and thermogravi-metric profiles of the coarse fractions (>1.25 mm), certain differences in the characteristics of the bottom ash of the younger and the three older power plants were observed. High amounts of unburnt carbon were determined in the coarse fraction (>1.25 mm) of all plants except the younger one, indicating a problematic combustion within the chambers and a potential of reburning these coarse material in a waste to energy application.
Analysis of the performance of a low-power atmospheric burner for gas appliances for households and their impact on the emission and stability of the burner
Authors: Milivojevic Aleksandar , Adzic Miroljub , Gojak Milan , Stamenic Mirjana , Adzic Vuk
Published: October 2020

The paper presents results of theoretical numerical research dealing with CO and NOx emission performed in the process of optimization of the performance of low-power atmospheric burners. The theoretical part of this paper, whose main goals were better understanding of the complex issues of methodology and establishment of performance prediction and optimization of low-power atmospheric gas burner included numerical variation of independent parameters, such as burner geometry, the coefficients of primary and secondary air and different gaseous fuels including biogas. The findings of theoretically obtained performance prediction and optimization of atmospheric burners were experimentally investigated in purpose built test rigs for a number of variable parameters. The obtained results fully justified the proposed models of performance prediction and burner optimization.