bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power-optimized Deployment of Key-value Stores Using Storage Class Memory
Authors: Kassa Hiwot Tadese , Akers Jason , Ghosh Mrinmoy , Cao Zhichao , Gogte Vaibhav , Dreslinski Ronald
Published: March 2022

High-performance flash-based key-value stores in data-centers utilize large amounts of DRAM to cache hot data. However, motivated by the high cost and power consumption of DRAM, server designs with lower DRAM-per-compute ratio are becoming popular. These low-cost servers enable scale-out services by reducing server workload densities. This results in improvements to overall service reliability, leading to a decrease in the total cost of ownership (TCO) for scalable workloads. Nevertheless, for key-value stores with large memory footprints, these reduced DRAM servers degrade performance due to an increase in both IO utilization and data access latency. In this scenario, a standard practice to improve performance for sharded databases is to reduce the number of shards per machine, which degrades the TCO benefits of reduced DRAM low-cost servers. In this work, we explore a practical solution to improve performance and reduce the costs and power consumption of key-value stores running on DRAM-constrained servers by using Storage Class Memories (SCM).

SCMs in a DIMM form factor, although slower than DRAM, are sufficiently faster than flash when serving as a large extension to DRAM. With new technologies like Compute Express Link, we can expand the memory capacity of servers with high bandwidth and low latency connectivity with SCM. In this article, we use Intel Optane PMem 100 Series SCMs (DCPMM) in AppDirect mode to extend the available memory of our existing single-socket platform deployment of RocksDB (one of the largest key-value stores at Meta). We first designed a hybrid cache in RocksDB to harness both DRAM and SCM hierarchically. We then characterized the performance of the hybrid cache for three of the largest RocksDB use cases at Meta (ChatApp, BLOB Metadata, and Hive Cache). Our results demonstrate that we can achieve up to 80% improvement in throughput and 20% improvement in P95 latency over the existing small DRAM single-socket platform, while maintaining a 43–48% cost improvement over our large DRAM dual-socket platform. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the DCPMM platform in a commercial data center.
The Physics of Dense Suspensions
Authors: Ness Christopher , Seto Ryohei , Mari Romain
Published: March 2022

Dense suspensions of particles are relevant to many applications and are a key platform for developing a fundamental physics of out-of-equilibrium systems. They present challenging flow properties, apparently turning from liquid to solid upon small changes in composition or, intriguingly, in the driving forces applied to them. The emergent physics close to the ubiquitous jamming transition (and to some extent the glass and gelation transitions) provides common principles with which to achieve a consistent interpretation of a vast set of phenomena reported in the literature. In light of this, we review the current state of understanding regarding the relation between the physics at the particle scale and the rheology at the macroscopic scale. We further show how this perspective opens new avenues for the development of continuum models for dense suspensions.
My Life and Science
Authors: Pokrovsky Valery L.
Published: March 2022

In this article, I tried to compress the events of my long life and scientific career into a readable manuscript. The choice of scientific problems in development of which I was involved and people with whom I contacted naturally is not complete. I hope, however, that my selection more or less correctly reflects my teaching activity and my participation in the enormous progress of quantum mechanics, statistical physics, and condensed matter physics in the second part of the previous and in the beginning of the current century.
Coherently Coupled Mixtures of Ultracold Atomic Gases
Authors: Recati Alessio , Stringari Sandro
Published: March 2022

This article summarizes some of the relevant features exhibited by binary mixtures of Bose–Einstein condensates in the presence of coherent coupling at zero temperature. The coupling, which is experimentally produced by proper photon transitions, can involve either negligible momentum transfer from the electromagnetic radiation (Rabi coupling) or large momentum transfer (Raman coupling) associated with spin–orbit effects. The nature of the quantum phases exhibited by coherently coupled mixtures is discussed in detail, including their paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and, in the case of spin–orbit coupling, supersolid phases. The behavior of the corresponding elementary excitations is discussed, with explicit emphasis on the novel features caused by the spin-like degree of freedom. Focus is further given to the topological excitations (solitons, vortices) as well as to the superfluid properties. This review also points out relevant open questions that deserve more systematic theoretical and experimental investigations.
Tethered Bilayer Membrane Formation on Silanized Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Surface
Authors: Gabriunaite Inga , Valincius Gintaras , Žilinskas Albinas , Valiūnienė Aušra
Published: March 2022

Silane compound was synthesized via click chemistry and a mixture of synthesis products without purification was used to form the self-assembled monolayers on metal oxide conducting films of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO). Silanized FTO surfaces triggered rupture of multilamellar vesicles and formed electrically insulating tethered bilayer membranes (tBLMs). In contrast to well-known hybrid bilayer membranes on silane monolayers such as ones formed from octadecyltrichlorosilane, tBLMs on FTO contained water-ion reservoir between solid surface and phospholipid bilayer sheet. They demonstrated biological relevance and ability to reconstitute the pore-forming protein channels such as α-hemolysin from Staphylococcus aureus and melittin. The addition of cholesterol to tBLMs decreased the membrane-damaging effect of melittin, while the opposite was observed in the case of α-hemolysin. The tBLMs can be regenerated multiple times without losing their functionality. The described methodology (both synthesis and formation of anchor monolayer) can be extended to any oxide film surface by properly adjusting chemical composition of molecular anchor and silanization conditions. This makes the proposed biomimetic membrane system attractive for various applications including biomedical sensors for the detection of pore-forming toxins.
Tin Decorated Zinc Sulphide Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bromophenol Blue Dye and Their Therapeutic Applications: A Kinetic and Thermodynamic Approach
Authors: Shah Umar , Jan F. Akbar , Ullah Rahat , Wajidullah  , Salman  , Ullah Naimat
Published: March 2022

Zinc sulphide (ZnS) and Tin doped Zinc sulphide (Sn-ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by co precipitation method. The synthesized NPs were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. With the addition of 3% tin the band gap of ZnS reduced from 3.50 eV to 3.10 eV which confirmed successful doping. XRD study showed cubic crystal structure of the synthesized material while SEM study confirmed that Sn-ZnO NPs have spherical surface morphology. TGA study revealed that the synthesized NPs are much stable to temperature and only 22.8% and 21.5% weight loss occurs in ZnS and Sn-ZnS nanocatalys respectivelyt. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity showed that with Sn doping peak in Sn-ZnS shifted to longer wavelength required lesser energy for excitation. The degradation of Bromophenol blue over both the catalysts followed first order kinetics. The activation energy calculated for the photodegradation reaction was 53.2kj mol−1 and 67.55kj mol−1 using pure ZnS and Sn-ZnS NPs respectively. About 86% and 96% dye degradation was observed in 300 min time duration. High percent degradation was found at low dye concentration (10ppm) and at optimal dosage (0.03 g) of the catalyst. The rate of dye degradation was found to increases with increase in temperature (upto 70 °C) and pH(9.5) of the medium. The recyclability study showed that both pure ZnS and Sn-ZnS NPs could be reused for the degradation of the given dye. Sn-ZnS NPs showed good antibacterial and antioxidant activities as compared to bare ZnS. Both the nanoparticles are found to be non biocompatible.
Effect of Dispersion Solutions on Optical Properties and Stability of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Bhardwaj Aditya , Kushwaha Ajay Kumar
Published: March 2022

Long-term storage stability of cesium lead-based perovskite nanocrystals, especially at ambiance conditions is a vital challenge that deters their advancement in photovoltaic applications. Herein, CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals are synthesized by hot injection method and the stability of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals is investigated when dispersed in individual solvents such as Toluene, Acetone, and Ethanol as well as the combination of solvents. The synergistic effect of toluene- non-polar molecule and acetone-a polar molecule was studied and their effect on the stability of CsPbBr3 in terms of retention of optical absorption and emission is investigated. A combination of toluene and acetone as solvents is found to be the best medium for dispersion of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals which remain stable for two weeks with 63%, 60% retention of luminescence and absorbance. Further, by the addition of PVP polymer (0.05 wt%) in dispersion solution, the luminescence and absorbance are retained up to ∼77% and ∼70% for more than two months of storage time. The storage stability of a combination of mix solvents is important for the applications in which stable dispersion of perovskite materials ought to prepare in polar or non-polar solvents.
Does Stricter Command‐and‐Control Environmental Regulation Promote Total Factor Productivity? Evidence from China’s Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Chen Wei , Gao Luwen , Xu Xing , Zeng Yan
Published: March 2022

China is implementing increasing stringent command‐and‐control environmental regulations to achieve high‐quality development. However, we have limited understanding about whether such policies are effective. This study selects the policy of China’s National Environmental Protection “Eleventh Five‐Year Plan” as a quasi‐natural experiment and uses the difference‐in‐differences (DID) method to analyze the effect of stricter command‐controlled environmental regulations on total factor productivity from the enterprise level. Our results indicate that stricter command‐and‐control environmental regulation promotes TFP of enterprises throughout the country. This effect is even greater in long‐established, large‐scale, or low capital density enterprises. In addition, stricter command‐and‐control environmental regulation has a greater positive effect on the TFP of companies in industries with high pollution intensity and fierce competition. Furthermore, government transformation and market green preference will magnify the positive effect of stricter command‐and‐control environmental regulation on corporate TFP. Moreover, stricter command‐and‐control environmental regulation promotes the growth of enterprise TFP mainly by improving the efficiency of resource allocation within and between enterprises, rather than stimulating innovation. Local governments should refine pollution control policies, optimize the external environment, and enhance the innovation power of enterprises.
Numerical Simulation and Validation of Multiscale 3D Laser Spiral
Machining of Microholes
Authors: Dong Yiwei , Ye Qianwen , Li Qi , Guo Xiang , Zhang Saitao , Hou Naixian , Batani Dimitri
Published: March 2022

Femtosecond laser ablation is widely applied in high-precision machining
of microholes in aeroengine turbine blades. To further explore the mechanism
of action during the laser processing of microholes, numerical simulations
were performed on the basis of a molecular dynamics (MD) method coupled with
a two-temperature model (TTM). Laser irradiation on the surface of copper
for different femtosecond-laser processing parameters is investigated in
this work. Through the femtosecond-laser single-pulse central ablation
simulation model, the laser energy flux density in a Gaussian laser spot
range was discretized and analyzed to calculate the ablation depth at
multiple points separately. The cross-sectional morphology of the
femtosecond-laser single-pulse ablation pits was approximated and fitted.
Finally, a 3D simulation model of the whole process of multiscale
femtosecond-laser spiral processing microholes was established by
superimposing multipulse femtosecond-laser spiral trajectories. This
provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the evolution of geometric
parameters and morphological characteristics of the hole during machining
with specific laser and process parameters.
An Analysis Model of Psychological Resilience of Outstanding Poor College Students Based on Network Big Data and Mobile Computing
Authors: Xiao Jian , Zhu Mengli
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the research on college students’ group resilience has come into the attention of the researchers, and many researchers have shown great interest in this issue. The development of college students’ psychological management system has become an important means for college students to monitor and prevent psychological crisis. The university student management database has accumulated a lot of data, but the data processing work is just simple statistics, storage, and query. Exploring the structure and development law of mental resilience of outstanding poor college students is of reference significance to the emotional education and spiritual growth of teenagers. When coping with setbacks, the outstanding poor college students have an elastic quality in mind, a firm goal in ideals and beliefs, good at thinking and summarizing cognitively, perseverance in will, self-confidence and indomitable personality, outstanding ability, and thinking about people’s interests in dealing with others; psychological protective factors include family, school, and social support. This paper analyzes the big data algorithm and the method of psychological elasticity construction using mobile computing technology and comes to the conclusion that under the background of big data, psychological elasticity construction plays a role in excellent poor college students. This paper studies the current situation of college students’ psychological elasticity, interpersonal trust, and subjective well-being and the relationship between them, discusses the interaction between them, and hopes to make a reasonable explanation for these problems, so as to provide effective help for college students’ mental health and future development.
Dynamic Characterization of a Reinforcement Rammed Wall for the Earthen Ruins
Authors: Liu Bei , Shi Yucheng , Liu Kun , Li Tao , Wang Shaopeng
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the earthen ruins’ cultural relics have aroused people’s extensive attention, and the protection of them is more and more urgent. The aim of the paper is to present the essential results of an ongoing research on a reinforced rammed earthen wall in the Suoyang ancient city (Guazhou, China). A variety of methods to combining aerial survey, dynamic test, and numerical model is provided with the purpose of estimating the structural characteristics of the ancient rammed wall. An aerial geometric survey based on high-resolution images made by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been approached to acquiring a 3D model. An ambient vibration test has been adopted by using vibration pick-ups. The experimental data were dealt with the operational modal analysis (OMA) followed by comparing with the numerical results delivered by the model. Meanwhile, the results showed the maximum displacements and corresponding positions of the structure under the three modes by the finite element model (FEM).
Risk Factors for No-Reflow in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Yu Ying , Wu Yongquan , Wu Xianyi , Wang Jinwen , Wang Changhua
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives. The no-reflow phenomenon is a poor prognosis for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for no-reflow in patients with STEMI who underwent PCI. Methods. This case-control study retrospectively reviewed the medical data of patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 h after STEMI onset between January 2010 and January 2013 at the Department of Cardiology of the Beijing Anzhen Hospital. Results. A total of 902 patients were included in the analysis. The basic characteristics between the reflow and no-reflow groups were similar, except for time-to-hospital admission, heart rate, plasma glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)/prealbumin (PAB), neutrophil count, intraaortic balloon pump, and aspiration thrombectomy. The multivariable analysis showed that hsCRP/PAB (OR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000–1.006,P=0.022), neutrophil count (OR = 1.085, 95% CI: 1.028–1.146,P=0.003), plasma glucose levels (OR = 1.086, 95% CI: 1.036–1.138,P=0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.596, 95% CI: 0.371–0.958,P=0.033), Killip classification >1 (OR = 2.002, 95% CI: 1.273–3.148,P=0.003), intraoperative intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) use (OR = 3.257, 95% CI: 1.954–5.428,P=0.001), and aspiration thrombectomy (OR = 3.412, 95% CI: 2.259–5.152,P=0.001) were independently associated with no-reflow. Conclusion. hsCRP/PAB, neutrophil count, plasma glucose levels, diabetes mellitus, Killip classification, intraoperative IABP use, and aspiration thrombectomy were independent risk factors for no-reflow in patients with STEMI.
A Retrospective Study of Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in Children: Etiology, Clinical Course, and Treatment
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Hua-Zhang , Pang Ling-yu , Wen Xin , Sun Su-Zhen
Published: March 2022

Objectives. Recurrent bacterial meningitis (RBM) is a rare but life-threatening disease. This study aims to analyze the clinical features, potential causes, and therapeutic outcomes of RBM in children. Methods. This article retrospectively reviews the clinical characteristics, etiologies, and treatments in children with RBM hospitalized in Hebei children’s hospital from 2012 to 2020. Results. A total of 10 children with RBM, five males and five females, were included in this study. The age of RBM in children spans from the neonatal stage to the childhood stage. The underlying illnesses were identified and classified as cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (1 case), humoral immunodeficiency with Mondini dysplasia (1 case), common cavity deformity with cerebrospinal fluid ear leakage (1 case), Mondini malformations (2 cases), incomplete cochlear separation type I with a vestibular enlargement (2 cases), local inflammation of the sphenoid bone caused by cellulitis (1 case), congenital skull base defects (1 case), and congenital dermal sinus with intraspinal abscess (1 case). 6 patients chose targeted therapy for potential reasons. Conclusions. Congenital abnormalities or acquired injuries lead to intracranial communication with the outside world, which can quickly become a portal for bacterial invasion of the central nervous system, resulting in repeated infections.
Central Obesity Is Associated with Variations in TSH and ACTH Levels among Euthyroid Obese Individuals
Authors: Lu Difei , Yuan Zhenfang , Gao Ying , Liu Wei , Zhang Junqing
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The interactions of central obesity and body composition with thyroid hormones and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are unclear; both central obesity and body composition have an impact on energy homeostasis. Our study aimed to investigate the association between body composition and pituitary hormones, including the HPA axis and pituitary-thyroid axis, in a Chinese population of euthyroid overweight and obese individuals. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. Overweight and obese patients who regularly visited the multidisciplinary team (MDT) for obesity at Peking University First Hospital were enrolled in the study. Thyroid function, morning serum ACTH and cortisol levels, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), body composition, and metabolic indicators, including liver function and the lipid profile, were measured at the first visit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM, USA). Results. In total, 441 patients with overweight or obesity were enrolled (male/female, 123/318). Patients were assigned to four groups according to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level stratified by quartiles, and increased body mass index (BMI) was revealed in the highest TSH quartile group (

p
=
0.002

). Hip circumference (HC) of patients in the highest TSH quartile group was significantly increased (

p
=
0.021

). Morning ACTH levels and fasting insulin levels were significantly elevated in patients in the highest TSH quartile group (

p
=
0.027

for fasting insulin,

p
<
0.001

for ACTH). In the female subgroup, patients in the highest TSH quartile group showed increases in BMI (

p
=
0.010

), waist circumference (WC) (

p
=
0.007

), muscle mass of the lower extremities (

p
=
0.020

), fasting C-peptide (

p
=
0.031

), and ACTH (

p
=
0.002

). In the male subgroup, patients in the highest TSH quartile group exhibited higher BMI (

p
=
0.017

), HC (

p
=
0.036

), and ACTH (

p
=
0.003

). Among patients in the highest ACTH quartile group, there was an elevated proportion of males (

p
=
0.003

), and FT3 (

p
=
0.005

), fasting insulin (

p
=
0.037

), and cortisol (

p
<
0.001

) levels were increased. Weight (

p
<
0.001

), BMI (

p
<
0.001

), WC (

p
<
0.001

), HC (

p
<
0.001

), muscle mass of the upper extremities (

p
=
0.003

), muscle mass of the lower extremities (

p
=
0.005

), and total muscle mass (

p
=
0.003

) were elevated in patients in the highest ACTH quartile group. HC was found to be an independent factor after adjustment for other confounders and was positively associated with the TSH level (

p
=
0.004

for the regression model, B = 0.152,

p
=
0.004

). Conclusions. BMI is positively correlated with TSH and ACTH levels in both male and female obese individuals. The ACTH level was positively associated with male sex and increased BMI and muscle mass. Hip circumference was an independent factor that was positively related to TSH levels.
Enhanced Feature Selection Based on Integration Containment Neighborhoods Rough Set Approximations and Binary Honey Badger Optimization
Authors: Hosny Rodyna A. , Abd Elaziz Mohamed , Ali Ibrahim Rehab
Published: March 2022

This article appoints a novel model of rough set approximations (RSA), namely, rough set approximation models build on containment neighborhoods RSA (CRSA), that generalize the traditional notions of RSA and obtain valuable consequences by minifying the boundary areas. To justify this extension, it is integrated with the binary version of the honey badger optimization (HBO) algorithm as a feature selection (FS) approach. The main target of using this extension is to assess the quality of selected features. To evaluate the performance of BHBO based on CRSA, a set of ten datasets is used. In addition, the results of BHOB are compared with other well-known FS approaches. The results show the superiority of CRSA over the traditional RS approximations. In addition, they illustrate the high ability of BHBO to improve the classification accuracy overall the compared methods in terms of performance metrics.
Information Propagation Influenced by Population Heterogeneity Behavioral Adoption on Weighted Network
Authors: Cui Yajuan , Tian Yang , Tian Hui , Nie Gaofeng , Fan Shaoshuai
Published: March 2022

In the realistic world, various individuals have distinct personalities, preferences, and attitudes toward new information and behavior acceptance, called population heterogeneity. It is seldom taken into account and theoretically analyzed in information propagation on a weighted network. Therefore, we divide individuals into fashionable and conservative individuals according to their passion degree and willingness for novel behaviors acceptance. Then, we build two behavior adoption threshold models corresponding to fashionable and conservative individuals on the weighted network to explore the effect of population heterogeneity on information propagation. Next, a partition theory based on edge weight and population heterogeneity is proposed to qualitatively analyze the information propagation mechanism. The theoretical analyses and simulation results show that fashionable individuals promote information propagation and behavior adoption. More importantly, the crossover phenomena of phase transition appear. When the fraction of fashionable individuals is relatively large, the increasing pattern of the final adoption size shows a second‐order continuous phase transition. In comparison, the increasing pattern alters to first‐order discontinuous phase transition with the decrease of the fraction of fashionable individuals. Moreover, reducing weight distribution heterogeneity promotes information propagation and slightly accelerates the change of the phase transition pattern from the first‐order discontinuous to the second‐order continuous. Besides, increasing the degree distribution heterogeneity accelerates the change of the phase transition pattern. Finally, our theoretical analyses coincide well with the simulation results.
Effect of Conventional Nursing Combined with Bedtime Oculomotor Training on Sleep Quality and Body Immunity of Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Hu Haiping , Zhang Xing , Chen Ling , Liu Rongfeng , Liu Ting , Li Shuai , Xu Huixia
Published: March 2022

Objective. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of conventional nursing combined with bedtime oculomotor training on sleep quality and body immune of advanced lung cancer patients. Methods. By means of a retrospective study, 120 advanced lung cancer patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research subject and divided into the intervention group (PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) score≥10 points, n = 60) and the control group (PSQI score<10 points, n = 60). Conventional nursing was performed to the control group, and an eye movement exercise before sleep was added additionally in the intervention group, 30 min each time, once a day, and 5 times a week for 3 months, so as to compare their sleep quality, body immunity indexes, negative emotion scores, adverse reaction rate (ARR), quality of life, and satisfaction with nursing. Results. After nursing, the intervention group obtained a significantly lower PSQI score (5.54 ± 1.23 VS 7.98 ± 1.65,

P
<
0.05

), better body immunity indexes (

P
<
0.001

), lower negative emotion scores (

P
<
0.05

), lower ARR (

P
<
0.05

), better quality of life (

P
<
0.001

), and higher satisfaction with nursing (

P
<
0.05

) than the control group. Conclusion. Combining conventional nursing with the eye movement exercise before sleep can alleviate negative emotions, improve the sleep quality, promote body immunity, and reduce the ARR, which is more satisfying to patients and should be applied and promoted in practice.
Prediction of Effective Width of Varying Depth Box‐Girder Bridges Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Hu Kejian , Wu Xiaoguang
Published: March 2022

Effective flange width is widely used in bridge design to consider the effect of shear lag. The simplified formula for the effective flange width of box girder bridges of variable depth in existing codes and studies may not be conservative, and accurate methods, such as the finite element method, are time‐consuming. The purpose of this research is to develop a method that uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the effective width of box girder bridges of varying depths. These models have been trained, validated, and tested on datasets generated from thousands of finite element models. The lower error in the test set indicates that the CNN model can be used to predict the effective width. In addition, the impact of different architectures is also studied. The proposed method makes real‐time analysis possible and has a wide range of applications in the analysis and design of box‐girder bridges at different depths.
Teacher Voice Feature Extraction and Recognition Based on Health Belief Model
Authors: Du Yuxia
Published: March 2022

Teachers are professional voice workers who complete their education and teaching tasks primarily through spoken English. Teachers’ voices are the most important tool for completing their professional tasks, as well as an important part of their public image. This paper proposes innovative design strategies with health management as the core concept, in light of the voice health problems of primary and secondary school teachers in the era of intelligence. For a long time, China has had a high percentage of teachers with voice problems. Teachers’ oral English expression is affected by voice diseases, which reduces teaching efficiency. Teachers’ physical and mental health are also jeopardized, and their professional identities are diminished. It is primarily caused by a lack of health-care awareness, excessive use of voice in daily life, incorrect vocalization techniques, a lack of knowledge and methods for voice protection, and ignorance on the part of education management departments. As a result, we must reduce the frequency with which we use our voices and employ scientific feature recognition methods to protect our voices.
Identification and Genome Analysis of an Arsenic‐Metabolizing Strain of Citrobacter youngae IITK SM2 in Middle Indo‐Gangetic Plain Groundwater
Authors: Verma Akshat , Murugan Prem Anand , Chinnasamy Hariharan Vedi , Singh Abhas , Matheshwaran Saravanan
Published: March 2022

Whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data of a bacterial strain IITK SM2 isolated from an aquifer located in the middle Indo‐Gangetic plain is reported here, along with its physiological, morphological, biochemical, and redox‐transformation characteristics in the presence of dissolved arsenic (As). The aquifer exhibits oxidizing conditions relative to As speciation. Analyses based on 16S rRNA and recN sequences indicate that IITK SM2 was clustered with C. youngae NCTC 13708T and C. pasteuri NCTC UMH17T. However, WGS analyses using the digital DNA‐DNA hybridization and Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology suggest that IITK SM2 belongs to a strain of C. youngae. This strain can effectively reduce As(V) to As(III) but cannot oxidize As(III) to As(V). It exhibited high resistance to As(V) [32,000 mg L-1] and As(III) [1,100 mg L-1], along with certain other heavy metals typically found in contaminated groundwater. WGS analysis also indicates the presence of As‐metabolizing genes such as arsC, arsB, arsA, arsD, arsR, and arsH in this strain. Although these genes have been identified in several As(V)‐reducers, the clustering of these genes in the forms of arsACBADR, arsCBRH, and an independent arsC gene has not been observed in any other Citrobacter species or other selected As(V)‐reducing strains of Enterobacteriaceae family. Moreover, there were differences in the number of genes corresponding to membrane transporters, virulence and defense, motility, protein metabolism, phages, prophages, and transposable elements in IITK SM2 when compared to other strains. This genomic dataset will facilitate subsequent molecular and biochemical analyses of strain IITK SM2 to identify the reasons for high arsenic resistance in Citrobacter youngae and understand its role in As mobilization in middle Indo‐Gangetic plain aquifers.
Transradial versus Transfemoral Access and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Propensity-Score-Matched Studies
Authors: Del Rio-Pertuz Gaspar , Juarez Michel , Mekraksakit Poemlarp , Parmar Kanak , Ansari Mohammad M.
Published: March 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study is to examine the association between vascular access sites and the incidence of AKI in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. Background. Emerging evidence has suggested that transradial access (TRA) may be associated with lower rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) as compared with transfemoral access (TFA). However, most of these studies have included a nonselected study population undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data on the association between TRA and AKI in this setting of STEMI are limited and with conflicting results. Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for abstracts and full-text articles from inception to July 13th of 2021. Studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity-score-matched (PSM) studies evaluating the association of TRA versus TFA access with AKI in patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI. Data were integrated using the random effects model and generic inverse‐variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results. A total of 10,093 studies were found. After applying our inclusion criteria, 5 studies from 2014 to 2021 with a total of 8,536 STEMI patients were included. TRA was not significantly associated with a reduced risk for AKI compared with TFA (odds ratio 0.85, 95% CI 0.71–1.01,

p

0.07, I2 = 40%). Conclusions. Transradial access was not significantly associated with lower risk of AKI in patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI compared with TFA. Larger studies are needed to clarify this outcome.
ATMChain: Blockchain-Based Security Framework for Cyber-Physics System in Air Traffic Management
Authors: Lu Xin , Wu Zhijun
Published: March 2022

The air traffic management (ATM) system is an intelligent system that integrates the ground computer network, the airborne network, and the space satellite (communication and navigation) network. It has remarkable characteristics of cyber-physical system (CPS). The development of ATM system is inseparable from the application of new technologies. This paper proposes a security framework based on blockchain for CPS in the ATM system. Through the research on the characteristics of blockchain and CPS, this paper analyzes the necessity of integrating them into the research of the ATM system, demonstrates the feasibility of combining them, and then constructs the ATMChain framework mechanism to realize the in-depth integration of blockchain and CPS in ATM. On this basis, this paper gives the overall design architecture and implementation steps of the scheme. In addition, this paper also makes a series of analysis and demonstration from the perspective of scheme security. The research scheme will help to improve the security, reliability, and scalability of ATM services and provide a new reference for establishing a more security and efficient ATM system.
Effect of a Hemodialysis Session on Markers of Inflammation and Endotoxin
Authors: Dheda Shyam , Vesey David A , Hawley Carmel , Johnson David W , Fahim Magid
Published: March 2022

Background. People receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment have higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, ascribed to an increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. However, the role of nontraditional risk factors, such as inflammation, has become increasingly recognized. The origin of this inflammation remains elusive and one putative cause is elevated levels of circulating bacterial endotoxin. Methods. In this study, serum concentrations of endotoxin and inflammatory biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL1β), ferritin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), were measured in 30 adults receiving HD and 10 healthy individuals without kidney disease. In people receiving HD, samples were collected immediately before dialysis (preHD), after dialysis (postHD), and 48 hours after (postHD48hrs). Results. Endotoxin was detectable in only 1 of 90 samples analyzed. There were no significant differences in serum hsCRP, IL1β, and IL6 levels, before and after dialysis. Serum TNF levels decreased significantly from 30.9 (8.0, 39.5) pg/mL preHD to 13.9 (8.5, 17.3) pg/mL post-HD (

p
=
0.002

) and then increased back to 27.37 (14.5, 35) pg/mL 2 days later (

p
<
0.001

). Ferritin increased from 1153 ng/mL (782, 1458) preHD to 1313 ng/mL (657, 1638) post HD (

p
<
0.001

) and then decreased back to 1186 ng/mL (754, 1597) (

p
=
0.66

) postHD48hrs. Compared to controls, people receiving HD had significantly elevated levels of hsCRP [6.16 mg/L (2.1, 16.8) vs. 1.1 mg/L (0.81, 3.63)

p
=
0.015

], IL1β [1.5 pg/mL (0.05, 2.51) vs. 0.5 pg/mL (1.81, 2.95)

p
≤
0.001

], and ferritin [1153 (782, 1458) vs. 132.9 (111, 257) ng/mL

p
≤
0.001

], but comparable levels of in IL6 [6.15 pg/mL (4.82, 9.12) vs. 7.49 pg/mL (4.56, 10.39),

p
=
0.77

] and TNF [27.35 pg/mL ± 17.48 vs. 17.87 pg/mL ± 12.28,

p
<
0.12

]. In conclusion, people on HD have elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, which are not associated with endotoxemia (which is rare) or the dialysis procedure.
Cooperative Advertising Strategy Selection Problem for considering Pricing and Advertising Decisions in a Two-Period Online Supply Chain
Authors: Xie Bo , Li Weizi , Jiang Peiyan , Han Xiaoxue , Qi Lei
Published: March 2022

This article studies the cooperative advertising problem of a two-period online supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and an online retail platform. The manufacturer provides national advertising in the first period to build the brand image and increase the awareness of the product. And the online retail platform provides platform advertising for selling the product to consumers on its platform during two periods. The manufacturer and the online retail platform may choose different cooperative advertising strategies for national advertising and platform advertising, which are one-way subsidy strategy, two-way subsidy strategy, and revenue-share strategy. We formulate a Stackelberg game model to study the cooperative advertising problem by taking price and advertising effect into account and analyze how the profit is influenced in different cooperative advertising strategies. We find that under the revenue-share strategy, the manufacturer provides a higher subsidy rate for the online retail platform advertising than that in other cooperative advertising strategies. Interestingly, there are conditions where, while just the manufacturer contributes a percentage of the platform advertising and the online retail platform has no effort on the national advertising, the total profit would be better than that in revenue-share strategy even in revenue-share strategy, the cooperative relationship is closer between the manufacture and the online retail platform.
Dietary γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Promotes Growth and Resistance to Vibrio alginolyticus in Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Bae Jinho , Hamidoghli Ali , Farris Nathaniel W. , Olowe Olumide Samuel , Choi Wonsuk , Lee Seunghan , Won Seonghun , Ohh Mihyang , Lee Seunghyung , Bai Sungchul C.
Published: March 2022

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on growth performance, immune response, and disease resistance for juvenile whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Five isonitrogenous diets were formulated by supplementing 0 (CON), 50 (GABA50), 100 (GABA100), and 300 (GABA300) mg of GABA and 4 g of oxytetracycline (OTC) per kilogram of diet. A total of 225 juvenile whiteleg shrimp with an initial weight of

2.97
±
0.06

 g were randomly distributed and reared in 15 aquaria as triplicates. After 8 weeks of the feeding trial, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio of shrimp fed GABA100 were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed CON, GABA50, and GABA300 diets (

P
<
0.05

). However, there were no significant differences among shrimp fed CON, GABA50, GABA300, and OTC diets (

P
>
0.05

). After nine days of challenge test with Vibrio alginolyticus, the average cumulative survival rate of shrimp fed GABA50, GABA100, and OTC was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed GABA300 and CON diets (

P
<
0.05

). These results may suggest that 100 mg dietary GABA supplementation (including endogenous GABA, 175.6 mg/kg diet) per kilogram of diet could be the optimum dietary level to replace antibiotics and improve growth performance and disease resistance in whiteleg shrimp L. vannamei.
Multilevel Attention and Multiscale Feature Fusion Network for Author Classification of Chinese Ink‐Wash Paintings
Authors: Jiang Wei , Meng Xianglian , Xi Ji
Published: March 2022

How to effectively extract features with high representation ability has always been a research topic and a challenge for classification tasks. Most of the existing methods mainly solve the problem by using deep convolutional neural networks as feature extractors. Although a series of excellent network structures have been successful in the field of Chinese ink‐wash painting classification, but most of them adopted the methods of only simple augmentation of the network structures and direct fusion of different scale features, which limit the network to further extract semantically rich and scale‐invariant feature information, thus hindering the improvement of classification performance. In this paper, a novel model based on multi‐level attention and multi‐scale feature fusion is proposed. The model extracts three types of feature maps from the low‐level, middle‐level and high‐level layers of the pretrained deep neural network firstly. Then, the low‐level and middle‐level feature maps are processed by the spatial attention module, nevertheless the high‐level feature maps are processed by the scale invariance module to increase the scale‐invariance properties. Moreover, the conditional random field module is adopted to fuse the optimized three‐scale feature maps, and the channel attention module is followed to refine the features. Finally, the multi‐level deep supervision strategy is utilized to optimize the model for better performance. To verify the effectiveness of the model, extensive experimental results on the Chinese ink‐wash painting dataset created in this work show that the classification performance of the model is better than other mainstream research methods.
Deep Neural Networks for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Malhotra Priyanka , Gupta Sheifali , Koundal Deepika , Zaguia Atef , Enbeyle Wegayehu
Published: March 2022

Image segmentation is a branch of digital image processing which has numerous applications in the field of analysis of images, augmented reality, machine vision, and many more. The field of medical image analysis is growing and the segmentation of the organs, diseases, or abnormalities in medical images has become demanding. The segmentation of medical images helps in checking the growth of disease like tumour, controlling the dosage of medicine, and dosage of exposure to radiations. Medical image segmentation is really a challenging task due to the various artefacts present in the images. Recently, deep neural models have shown application in various image segmentation tasks. This significant growth is due to the achievements and high performance of the deep learning strategies. This work presents a review of the literature in the field of medical image segmentation employing deep convolutional neural networks. The paper examines the various widely used medical image datasets, the different metrics used for evaluating the segmentation tasks, and performances of different CNN based networks. In comparison to the existing review and survey papers, the present work also discusses the various challenges in the field of segmentation of medical images and different state-of-the-art solutions available in the literature.
Neoadjuvant Approaches in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: There's No Time Like the Present
Authors: Franses Joseph W. , Zhu Andrew X.
Published: March 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a lethal malignancy and is an increasingly common cause of cancer death worldwide. Curative-intent surgical resection remains the standard of care for eligible patients, yet outcomes remain poor for many patients, with most patients experiencing recurrence in the 5 years after resection. There is currently significant interest in using locoregional and systemic therapies—in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings—to increase the chance of cure. This review article appraises the existing literature and current clinical trial landscape of neoadjuvant therapies in HCC.
Radiotherapy, Utilizing Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, for Extensive Skin Field Cancerization: A Retrospective Case Series Assessing Efficacy, Safety, and Cosmetic Outcomes at 12 Months After Treatment
Authors: Spelman Lynda , Christie David , Kaminski Art , Baker Christopher , Supranowicz Madeleine , Sinclair Robert
Published: March 2022

Extensive Skin Field Cancerization (ESFC) describes multiple actinic keratoses, with and without keratinocyte skin cancers. These areas are characterised by dysplastic keratoses, are prone to new malignancies, involve significant morbidity, have a poor cosmetic appearance, and impact negatively on quality of life. Available topical field therapies have limited durability of efficacy. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is an advanced form of intensity-modulated radiotherapy which achieves highly modulated and conformal dosimetry, delivering a homogeneous dose, particularly over curved surfaces, for example, scalps and limbs. This series describes the 12-month follow-up analysis of 41 VMAT treated fields from 32 (21 M, 11 F) patients. Consent was obtained after VMAT treatment to allow access to outcomes data. Conditions treated include ESFC, Bowen’s disease/SCC in situ, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Efficacy was measured by the percentage reduction of visible pathology within the treatment field. The primary endpoint for this review was the assessment of treatment success, defined as >90% clearance of the treatment field. As part of this definition, the appearance of isolated keratoses at 12 months was considered not significant if the field overall was clear. The development of new or recurrent cancers within the 12-month follow-up period was recorded. Thirty-six fields (87%) achieved a clinical clearance >90%. Of those, 33 (80%) fields achieved complete clearance >99% of visible actinic keratosis or keratinocyte cancers. Three fields (7%) demonstrated 91–99% clinical clearance, and no treatment failures were recorded. Two newly occurring lesions (1 BCC and 1 SCC in situ) were identified within a treated field at 12 months. The reported toxicities at 12-month post-treatment were grade 1 or 2 only, with no cases of persistent radiation dermatitis. Toxicities reported in more than 5% of cases included: alopecia (n = 4); dryness (n= 3); erythema (n = 2); and telangiectasia ulceration (n = 4). The high rate of complete clearance at 12 months seen in this case series compares very favourably with other treatments, including topical 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, and photodynamic therapy. Toxicities reported in our patient population demonstrated that VMAT was well tolerated at 12-month post-treatment. VMAT treatment may play a growing role in future therapy for ESFC with and without keratinocyte cancers.