bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study of the practices and experiences of staff in multidisciplinary child sexual exploitation partnerships in three English coastal towns
Authors: Radcliffe Polly , Roy Alastair , Barter Christine , Tompkins Charlotte , Brooks Matthew
Published: April 2020

This article presents findings from a qualitative study of the practices and experiences of people working in multidisciplinary child sexual exploitation (CSE) partnerships in three coastal towns in England. The study is based on focus groups conducted with 36 practitioners from a range of professional groups, including police, social work, substance misuse, education, specialist youth workers, sexual health, and statutory and non‐statutory children's services. The article begins with an overview of the three towns and the structure of their responses to CSE. It goes on to explore a range of factors, which contribute to the local issues around CSE and which affect and direct multiagency working. These include practitioner perspectives on CSE vulnerability, the discrepancy between young peoples' and practitioners' views about “exploitation”, a discussion of how CSE perpetrators initiate and develop contact with young people and the role of incentives—including drugs and alcohol—as part of CSE exploitation. We finish by drawing out some general conclusions.
Bienestar psicológico en médicos residentes de una universidad pública en México
Authors: Delgado Domìnguez Carolina , Rodríguez Barraza Adriana , Còrdoba Roberto Lagunes , Vázquez Martínez Francisco Domingo
Published: April 2020

Introduction: In Mexico there is a lack of knowledge about the importance of promotion of psychological well-being in Medical Education. Most of the research focuses on the pathologies developed during his journey as a student in relation to the adverse environments they face. Objective: To identify the level of psychological well-being in medical residents from first to fourth year of a public university in Mexico and the need for its inclusion in the formal curriculum in Medical Education. Method: Descriptive and cross sectional study. The Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Scale (SPWS) was used which was previously validated in the study population. 157 first to fourth year residents of the different specialties participated. Results: The scale was made up of four factors. It was found that 35.1% had low levels and 33.7% average levels of psychological well-being. Conclusions: Most of the residents showed levels of medium and low psychological well-being, which make reference to the relevant decision made by the corresponding authorities that include the promotion of psychological well-being within the formal curriculum of Medical Education.
El sentimiento de soledad en personas mayores: conocimiento y tamización oportuna
Authors: Camargo Rojas Claudia Marcela , Chavarro Carvajal Diego Andrés
Published: April 2020

El sentimiento de soledad tiene una prevalencia del 40% en las personas mayores secundario a situaciones de abandono, duelo y adaptación del rol. Se ha estudiado el impacto que tiene en el desarrollo de condiciones crónicas, disminución del autocuidado y adherencia al tratamiento. Los factores asociados a esta condición son edad avanzada, ser mujer, ausencia de pareja y un bajo nivel educativo.
 El propósito de esta revisión es resaltar la importancia de la inclusión de la valoración rutinaria de la soledad en personas mayores con instrumentos validados con el fin de generar intervenciones enfocadas en este fenómeno. En población colombiana, se cuenta con una escala validada para su tamización la cual debe ser considerada en el momento de la atención y seguimiento de las personas mayores por los profesionales de la salud
Etiloterapia en el servicio de urgencias. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Castellanos Garzon Rafael Gustavo , Olaya Hernando Andrés , Vides Velásquez Alberto Adolfo , Rodríguez Prada Catalina
Published: April 2020

El alcohol etílico ha sido utilizado como tratamiento de condiciones clínicas de origen tóxico desde hace décadas, por la modificación de procesos metabólicos que disminuyen los efectos deletéreos de algunos alcoholes tóxicos que, posterior a su exposición generan impacto orgánico importante e incluso la muerte. Recientemente el uso del fomepizol se ha incrementado como alternativa al alcohol etílico por su menor proporción de reacciones adversas y necesidades de monitoreo clínico, sin embargo, estas variables aún no han demostrado impacto en términos de costos de atención basados en evaluaciones económicas. En esta revisión se analiza la evidencia científica respecto a su uso, así como algunos aspectos clínicos relevantes.
Secuenciación de nueva generación (NGS) de ADN: presente y futuro en la práctica clínica
Authors: Rubio Santiago , Pacheco-Orozco Rafael Adrián , Gómez Ana Milena , Perdomo Sandra , García-Robles Reggie
Published: April 2020

Introducción: el término secuenciación de nueva generación (NGS) hace referencia a las tecnologías diseñadas para analizar gran cantidad de ADN de forma masiva y paralela. Abordamos en esta revisión los conceptos básicos de estas tecnologías, las consideraciones de su uso clínico actual y perspectivas a futuro. Desarrollo: las pruebas basadas en NGS han revolucionado el estudio de los genomas pues permiten la lectura de millones de secuencias de ADN de forma masiva y paralela en un menor lapso de tiempo y a menor costo por base. Estas pruebas incluyen la secuenciación de panel de genes, la secuenciación completa del exoma y la secuenciación completa del genoma. El análisis de sus resultados es complejo y requiere de un proceso bioinformático y clínico exhaustivo para su adecuada interpretación. Las limitaciones de las pruebas NGS incluyen aspectos técnicos como la cobertura, profundidad y longitud de las secuencias, las cuales se pueden solventar implementando buenas prácticas de laboratorio. Conclusiones: las pruebas basadas en la secuenciación por NGS son herramientas diagnósticas que deben partir de una aproximación clínica adecuada para su uso razonado, correcta interpretación y toma de decisiones acertadas. Es de gran trascendencia que los médicos tengan la información básica para poder solicitar e interpretar estas pruebas dada su relevancia clínica actual.
A Method to Quantify Tensile Biaxial Properties of Mouse Aortic Valve Leaflets
Authors: Chaparro Daniel , Dargam Valentina , Alvarez Paulina , Yeung Jay , Saytashev Ilyas , Bustillo Jenniffer , Loganathan Archana , Ramella-Roman Jessica , Agarwal Arvind , Hutcheson Joshua D.
Published: April 2020

Understanding aortic valve (AV) mechanics is crucial in elucidating both the mechanisms that drive the manifestation of valvular diseases as well as the development of treatment modalities that target these processes. Genetically modified mouse models have become the gold standard in assessing biological mechanistic influences of AV development and disease. However, very little is known about mouse aortic valve leaflet (MAVL) tensile properties due to their microscopic size (∼500 μm long and 45 μm thick) and the lack of proper mechanical testing modalities to assess uniaxial and biaxial tensile properties of the tissue. We developed a method in which the biaxial tensile properties of MAVL tissues can be assessed by adhering the tissues to a silicone rubber membrane utilizing dopamine as an adhesive. Applying equiaxial tensile loads on the tissue–membrane composite and tracking the engineering strains on the surface of the tissue resulted in the characteristic orthotropic response of AV tissues seen in human and porcine tissues. Our data suggest that the circumferential direction is stiffer than the radial direction (n = 6, P = 0.0006) in MAVL tissues. This method can be implemented in future studies involving longitudinal mechanical stimulation of genetically modified MAVL tissues bridging the gap between cellular biological mechanisms and valve mechanics in popular mouse models of valve disease.
Performance Analysis and Improvement of a Centrifugal Compressor Based on Partial Similarity Principle
Authors: Xie Hong , Yang Bo , Zhang Shuyi , Song Moru
Published: April 2020

In this paper, with the help of partial similarity principle, aerodynamic performance of a centrifugal compressor in a turbocharger unit is analyzed and improved based on a low-speed large-scaled model. In order to achieve flow similarity between the scaled compressor and the prototype, tip clearance and diffuser outlet diameter have been modified further. It is observed from the numerical results that the relative error between the scaled compressor and the prototype is less than 0.8%. It means that the flow field of the scaled compressor is similar to the prototype though the Reynolds number is neglected during the scaling process. Furthermore, the large-scaled impeller has been improved by analyzing the numerical results, and then, the improved impeller is scaled down back to the smaller one by using the partial similarity principle, which geometric dimensions have the same level as those of the prototype but performance is improved obviously. Meanwhile, the experiment results are used to validate the method.
Validation of a Spanish-Language Version of the Weight Pressures in Sport Scale for Male Athletes
Authors: Teixidor-Batlle Clara , Ventura Vall-llovera Carles , Reel Justine J. , Andrés Ana
Published: April 2020

The study purpose was to validate the psychometric properties of a Spanish-language version of the weight pressures in sport scale for male athletes. The weight pressures in sport scale for male athletes assesses risk factors associated with sport-specific weight pressures from coaches, peers, and team uniform. The scale was back translated and administered to 407 Spanish male college athletes. The sample was randomly split to perform the exploratory and confirmatory analysis. After item analysis, three items were removed. The exploratory analysis identified two latent constructs (referring to coaches and teammates pressures, and pressures due to uniform), and the confirmatory analysis produced a two-factor model (comparative fit indexSB = .946, Tucker–Lewis indexSB = .925, root mean square of approximationSB = .071, standardized root mean square residualSB = .068). The overall scale showed adequate internal consistency (α = .82) and demonstrated adequate convergent validity with the other questionnaires. The Spanish-language version of the weight pressures in sport scale for male athletes can be used to measure weight-related pressures among male athletes in sport psychology and clinical settings.
Hydration Does Not Change Postexercise Hypotension and Its Mechanisms
Authors: Lobo Fernando S. , Queiroz Andreia C.C. , Silva Junior Natan D. , Medina Fabio L. , Costa Luiz A.R. , Tinucci Tais , Forjaz Claudia L.M.
Published: April 2020

Background: Drinking water is recommended before and after exercise to avoid dehydration. However, water ingestion may mitigate or prevent postexercise hypotension. This study investigated the effects of intentional hydration on postaerobic exercise hemodynamics and autonomic modulation. Methods: A total of 18 young men randomly underwent 4 experimental sessions as follows: (1) control with intentional hydration (1 L of water in the previous night, 500 mL 60 min before the intervention, and 1 mL for each 1 g of body mass lost immediately after the intervention); (2) control without intentional hydration (ad libitum water ingestion before the intervention); (3) exercise (cycle ergometer, 45 min, 50% of VO2peak) with intentional hydration; and (4) exercise without intentional hydration. Hemodynamic and autonomic parameters were measured before and after the interventions and were compared by 3-way analysis of variance. Results: Intentional hydration did not change any postexercise hemodynamic nor autonomic response. Exercise decreased systolic blood pressure and stroke volume (−4.1 [0.8] mm Hg and −4.9 [1.5] mL, P < .05), while increased cardiac sympathovagal balance (0.3 [0.3], P < .05) during the recovery. In addition, it abolished the increase in diastolic blood pressure and the decrease in heart rate observed in the control sessions. Conclusion: Intentional hydration does not modify the hypotensive effect promoted by previous aerobic exercise and did not alter its hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms.
“We Already Do Enough Around Equality and Diversity”: Action Taken by Student Union Officers to Promote LGBT+ Inclusion in University Sport
Authors: Phipps Catherine
Published: April 2020

Sport is often considered an important part of United Kingdom (U.K.) university life. However, a limited amount of research has explored inclusion in university sport, particularly considering student union officers’ perceptions. As part of a wider study on LGBT+ sport, a U.K.-wide survey was conducted with officers, alongside focus groups at four institutions. Findings suggest further action can be taken to increase sports’ accessibility. Despite evidence of discrimination toward LGBT+ students, accessible practices were not prioritized at all institutions. For instance, equality policies and trans* inclusion policies had not always been created or embedded into the running of the student unions. The findings may be useful for student unions and others in control of sport provision to increase inclusion for all.
Population phenomena inflate genetic associations of complex social traits
Authors: Morris Tim T. , Davies Neil M. , Hemani Gibran , Smith George Davey
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we review and demonstrate how population phenomena can inflate genotype-phenotype associations.
2.7 Å cryo-EM structure of rotavirus core protein VP3, a unique capping machine with a helicase activity
Authors: Kumar Dilip , Yu Xinzhe , Crawford Sue E. , Moreno Rodolfo , Jakana Joanita , Sankaran Banumathi , Anish Ramakrishnan , Kaundal Soni , Hu Liya , Estes Mary K , Wang Zhao , Prasad B. V. Venkataram
Published: April 2020

Rotavirus capping enzyme VP3 is a stable tetramer with unique RNA binding, RTPase, and RNA helicase activities.
Nuclear actin regulates inducible transcription by enhancing RNA polymerase II clustering
Authors: Wei Mian , Fan Xiaoying , Ding Miao , Li Ruifeng , Shao Shipeng , Hou Yingping , Meng Shaoshuai , Tang Fuchou , Li Cheng , Sun Yujie
Published: April 2020

Nuclear actin promotes the formation of inducible transcription factory, as a general mechanism of the rapid response to stimuli.
Super-resolution imaging reveals the nanoscale organization of metabotropic glutamate receptors at presynaptic active zones
Authors: Siddig Sana , Aufmkolk Sarah , Doose Sören , Jobin Marie-Lise , Werner Christian , Sauer Markus , Calebiro Davide
Published: April 2020

Super-resolution imaging reveals close association between mGluR4, Ca
V
2.1, and Munc-18-1 at cerebellar active zones.
Cryo-EM structure of the Hedgehog release protein Dispatched
Authors: Cannac Fabien , Qi Chao , Falschlunger Julia , Hausmann George , Basler Konrad , Korkhov Volodymyr M.
Published: April 2020

Structure of the
Drosophila melanogaster
Hedgehog release protein Dispatched reveals an open conformation of its ectodomain.
Compression of dynamic tactile information in the human hand
Authors: Shao Yitian , Hayward Vincent , Visell Yon
Published: April 2020

The mechanics of wave transmission in the human hand effect the preneuronal compression of tactile information.
Autonomous synthesis and assembly of a ribosomal subunit on a chip
Authors: Levy Michael , Falkovich Reuven , Daube Shirley S. , Bar-Ziv Roy H.
Published: April 2020

Synthesis of ribosomal RNA and proteins from surface-tethered genes allows dynamic reconstruction of ribosome subunit biogenesis.
Formation of 2D and 3D multi-tori mesostructures via crystallization-driven self-assembly
Authors: Guerin Gerald , Cruz Menandro , Yu Qing
Published: April 2020

Coil-crystalline polymer self-assembles and crystallizes in a solvent mixture to form giant multi-tori structures.
Inhibition of TET1 prevents the development of osteoarthritis and reveals the 5hmC landscape that orchestrates pathogenesis
Authors: Smeriglio Piera , Grandi Fiorella C. , Davala Spoorthi , Masarapu Venkata , Indelli Pier Francesco , Goodman Stuart B. , Bhutani Nidhi
Published: April 2020

Modulating cytosine hydroxymethylation by inhibiting TET1 activity prevents osteoarthritis in mice.
Interleukin 17 and senescent cells regulate the foreign body response to synthetic material implants in mice and humans
Authors: Chung Liam , Maestas David R. , Lebid Andriana , Mageau Ashlie , Rosson Gedge D. , Wu Xinqun , Wolf Matthew T. , Tam Ada J. , Vanderzee Isabel , Wang Xiaokun , Andorko James I. , Zhang Hong , Narain Radhika , Sadtler Kaitlyn , Fan Hongni , Čiháková Daniela , Le Saux Claude Jourdan , Housseau Franck , Pardoll Drew M. , Elisseeff Jennifer H.
Published: April 2020

Interleukin 17 and senescent cells regulate fibrosis in the foreign body response to synthetic material implants.
Early delivery and prolonged treatment with nimodipine prevents the development of spasticity after spinal cord injury in mice
Authors: Marcantoni Maite , Fuchs Andrea , Löw Peter , Bartsch Dusan , Kiehn Ole , Bellardita Carmelo
Published: April 2020

Prolonged treatment with nimodipine soon after spinal cord injury in mice prevents spasticity by blocking L-type calcium channels Ca
V
1.3.
Identification of tetranectin-targeting monoclonal antibodies to treat potentially lethal sepsis
Authors: Chen Weiqiang , Qiang Xiaoling , Wang Yongjun , Zhu Shu , Li Jianhua , Babaev Ariella , Yang Huan , Gong Jonathan , Becker Lance , Wang Ping , Tracey Kevin J. , Wang Haichao
Published: April 2020

An antibody strategy prevents harmful TN/HMGB1 interaction and resultant macrophage pyroptosis and immunosuppression in sepsis.
Breaking the bond between tetranectin and HMGB1 in sepsis
Authors: Paterson Cameron W. , Ford Mandy L. , Coopersmith Craig M.
Published: April 2020

The interaction between tetranectin and high-mobility group box-1 may be manipulated via monoclonal antibodies to improve survival in sepsis (Chen
et al
., same issue).
The sticky culprit: Platelets in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sengupta Shaon
Published: April 2020

Platelets trigger lung inflammation in cystic fibrosis.
Thioridazine Is an Efflux Pump Inhibitor in Mycobacterium avium Complex but of Limited Clinical Relevance
Authors: Ruth Mike Marvin , Pennings Lian J. , Koeken Valerie A. C. M. , Schildkraut Jodie A. , Hashemi Aria , Wertheim Heiman F. L. , Hoefsloot Wouter , van Ingen Jakko
Published: April 2020

Treatment of
Mycobacterium avium
complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) is challenging partly due to high efflux pump expression. Thioridazine might block these efflux pumps. We explore the efficacy of thioridazine against
M. avium
isolates using MICs, time-kill combination assays,
ex vivo
macrophage infection assays, and efflux assays. Thioridazine is bactericidal against
M. avium
, inhibits intracellular growth at 2× MIC, and blocks ethidium bromide efflux.
Genome Sequences of 12 Phages That Infect Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Thurgood Trever L. , Sharma Ruchira , Call Jackson J. , Chronis Joshua D. , Dawson Daniel D. , Finnegan Zachary K. , Foster Kent W. , Meek Tyler , Potts Emily , Sirrine Michael R. , Atkinson Alex D. , Fairholm Jacob D. , Handoko Yoga A. , Ong Kai Li , Tateoka Olivia B. , Arens Daniel K. , Johnson Liam , Kruger Jared L. , Loertscher Emily , Thompson Daniel W. , Walker Jamison K. , Robison Richard A. , Casjens Sherwood R. , Grose Julianne H.
Published: April 2020

Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a pathogen responsible for significant proportions of nosocomial and health care-associated infections and is known to acquire multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Here, we announce the full genome sequences of 12
K. pneumoniae
bacteriophages from samples collected in wastewater treatment facilities across the western United States.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Gordonia
sp. Strain YY1, Isolated from an Explosive-Contaminated Environment
Authors: Istvan Paula , Ronen Zeev
Published: April 2020

We report the whole-genome sequence of
Gordonia
sp. strain YY1, which was isolated from the surface soil in an explosive-contaminated site in Israel and cultivated with hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine, i.e., royal demolition explosive (RDX), as a nitrogen source. This genome sequence will improve our understanding of the genes for RDX degradation. In addition, this research will reveal metabolic pathways in order to develop new bioremediation methods for polluted soil and groundwater.
Draft Genome Sequences of 11 Bacterial Strains Isolated from Commercial Corn-Based Poultry Feed
Authors: Olson Elena , Micciche Andrew , Sevigny Joseph L. , Ricke Steven C. , Ghosh Anuradha
Published: April 2020

Here, we report 11 bacterial strains isolated from commercial corn-based poultry feed to determine their potential as hygienic indicator microorganisms through a comparison of genome sizes and distribution patterns of unique genes. These isolates belonged to the genera
Klebsiella
,
Kosakonia
,
Pantoea
,
Stenotrophomonas
, and
Enterococcus
.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Bacillus
sp. Strain KH172YL63, Isolated from Deep-Sea Sediment
Authors: Murai Yumi , Masuda Takahiro , Onuma Yasuhide , Evans-Yamamoto Daniel , Takeuchi Nao , Mori Hideto , Masuyama Nanami , Ishiguro Soh , Yachie Nozomu , Arakawa Kazuharu
Published: April 2020

Bacillus
sp. strain KH172YL63 is a Gram-positive bacterium isolated from the deep-sea floor surface sediment at 3,308 m below sea level in the Nankai Trough in Japan. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Bacillus
sp. strain KH172YL63, which has a genome size of 4,251,700 bp and a G+C content of 44.8%.
Draft Genome Sequence of Psychrotolerant
Clostridium
sp. Strain M14, Isolated from Spoiled Uncooked Venison
Authors: Palevich Nikola , Palevich Faith P. , Maclean Paul H. , Jauregui Ruy , Altermann Eric , Mills John , Brightwell Gale
Published: April 2020

Clostridium
sp. strain M14 was isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated spoiled venison, and this report describes the generation and annotation of its 3.9-Mb draft genome sequence.
Complete Genome Sequence of Chlamydia avium PV 4360/2, Isolated from a Feral Pigeon in Italy
Authors: Floriano Anna Maria , Rigamonti Sara , Comandatore Francesco , Scaltriti Erika , Longbottom David , Livingstone Morag , Laroucau Karine , Gaffuri Alessandra , Pongolini Stefano , Magnino Simone , Vicari Nadia
Published: April 2020

We report here the whole-genome sequence of a
Chlamydia avium
isolate recovered from a feral pigeon in 1999 in Italy. Only one complete genome of a
C. avium
strain has been published so far. Future comparative analyses could provide valuable insights on the genomic evolution of the pathogen.
Complete Genome Sequence of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas protegens SN15-2
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Wang Mengfei , Tang Danyan , Wang Wei
Published: April 2020

We report the complete genome sequence of
Pseudomonas protegens
SN15-2, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of tomato roots in Shanghai, China, and can be used in the biological control of phytopathogens. This annotated version will be the basis for upcoming genomic studies.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Paenibacillus
sp. Strain OT2-17, a Triclosan-Degrading Rhizobacterium
Authors: Garcia Ashley M. , Carlo Priscilla P. , Mendez Monica O.
Published: April 2020

We report the draft genome sequence of a strain (OT2-17) of
Paenibacillus
isolated from the rhizosphere of onions irrigated with triclosan. Strain OT2-17 demonstrated the use of triclosan as the sole carbon source. A genome assembly of approximately 5.8 Mb was generated with a calculated G+C content of 45.5%.
Pulmonary coinfection byPneumocystis jiroveciiandCryptococcusspecies in a patient with undiagnosed advanced HIV
Authors: Valente-Acosta Benjamin , Padua-Garcia José , Tame-Elorduy Andrés
Published: April 2020

Pneumocystis jiroveciiis a common cause of pneumonia in patients with advanced HIV. In a lot of cases, there is a concomitant pulmonary infection. Cryptococcosis presents as a common complication for people with advanced HIV. However, it usually presents as meningitis rather than pneumonia. We present a case of a patient with coinfection byP. jiroveciiandCryptococcusspp without neurological involvement and a single nodular pulmonary lesion.
Diagnostic and management considerations in the modern patient with AIDS: a case of concurrent disseminated Kaposi sarcoma and colesionalCryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Williams Samuel Clay , Sweeney Jacob , Parameswaran Lalitha
Published: April 2020

In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), disseminated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) has become much rarer in the USA. We report a case of a 34-year-old man with KS of the skin, oropharynx, lung and rectum. Within the same lung nodule, we discovered significant burden of colesionalCryptococcus neoformans,in the context of a positive asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia, which was a previously unreported occurrence. The gold standard of treatment for KS continues to be HAART. The role of chemotherapy is still controversial. In addition, a cryptococcal antigen screen-and-treat approach with fluconazole is still not routinely recommended in the USA to prevent serious meningeal disease despite recent studies showing efficacy and applicability. We discuss both issues here and the outcome of our patient. We also present the patient’s own unique perspective in dealing with the ramifications of these diagnoses.
Applications of qualitative grounded theory methodology to investigate hearing loss: protocol for a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Ali Yasmin H K , Wright Nicola , Charnock David , Henshaw Helen , Hoare Derek
Published: April 2020

Introduction

Hearing loss is a chronic condition affecting 12 million individuals in the UK. People with hearing loss regularly experience difficulties interacting in everyday conversations. These difficulties in communication can result in a person with hearing loss withdrawing from social situations and becoming isolated. While hearing loss research has largely deployed quantitative methods to investigate various aspects of the condition, qualitative research is becoming more widespread. Grounded theory is a specific qualitative methodology that has been used to establish novel theories on the experiences of living with hearing loss.

Method and analysis

The aim of this systematic review is to establish how grounded theory has been applied to investigate the psychosocial aspects of hearing loss. Methods are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 checklist. Studies included in this review will have applied grounded theory as an overarching methodology or have grounded theory embedded among other methodologies. Studies included will have adult participants (≥18 years) who are either people with an acquired hearing loss, their family and friends (communication partners), or healthcare practitioners including audiologists, general practitioners, ear, nose and throat specialists and hearing therapists. The quality of application of grounded theory in each study will be assessed using the Guideline for Reporting and Evaluating Grounded Theory Research Studies.

Ethics and dissemination

As only secondary data will be used in this systematic review, ethical approval is not required. No other ethical issues are foreseen. This review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO). Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and at relevant academic conferences. Findings may also be published in relevant professional and third sector newsletters and magazines as appropriate. Data will inform future research and guideline development.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42019134197.
STEP.De study—a multicentre cluster-randomised effectiveness trial of exercise therapy for patients with depressive symptoms in healthcare services: study protocol
Authors: Heissel Andreas , Pietrek Anou , Schwefel Melanie , Abula Kahar , Wilbertz Gregor , Heinzel Stephan , Rapp Michael
Published: April 2020

Introduction

Although exercise therapy has widely been shown to be an efficacious treatment modality for depression, evidence for its effectiveness and cost efficiency is lacking. The Sport/Exercise Therapy for Depression study is a multicentre cluster-randomised effectiveness trial that aims to compare the effectiveness and cost efficiency of exercise therapy and psychotherapy as antidepressant treatment.

Methods and analysis

480 patients (aged 18–65) with an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis associated with depressive symptoms are recruited. Up to 30 clusters (psychotherapists) are randomly assigned to allocate patients to either an exercise or a psychotherapy treatment as usual in a 2:1 ratio. The primary outcome (depressive symptoms) and the secondary outcomes (work and social adjustment, quality of life) will be assessed at six measurement time points (t0: baseline, t1: 8 weeks after treatment initiation, t2: 16 weeks after treatment initiation, t3/4/5: 2, 6, 12 months after treatment). Linear regression analyses will be used for the primary endpoint data analysis. For the secondary endpoints, mixed linear and logistic regression models with fixed and random factors will be added. For the cost efficiency analysis, expenditures in the 12 months before and after the intervention and the outcome difference will be compared between groups in a multilevel model. Recruitment start date was 1 July 2018 and the planned recruitment end date is 31 December 2020.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Potsdam (No. 17/2018) and the Freie Universität Berlin (No. 206/2018) and registered in the ISRCTN registry. Informed written consent will be obtained from all participants. The study will be reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and the Recommendations for Interventional Trials statements. The results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and disseminated to the public.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN28972230.
Single-centre prospective observational study on postdelivery room care
Authors: Hartmann Frederike Vivien , Bauerschmitz Gerd , Küster Helmut
Published: April 2020

Objectives

As quality of care in the delivery room has major impact on outcome of preterm infants, multiple guidelines have been established in recent years. There is, however, little evidence on how to proceed during postdelivery room care, the time of transfer and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The aim of this study was to identify processes taking place during this period with potential impact on outcome.

Study design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Single-centre German tertiary NICU.

Patients

40 inborn preterm infants undergoing postdelivery room care.

Main outcome

Prevalence of prolonged duration of postdelivery room care, disconnections from the ventilator and positioning of preterm infants.

Results

Total duration of postdelivery room care and NICU admission procedures were shorter in infants transferred in a transport incubator compared with using a NICU care station from birth. Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants spend 8% of the time in prone position in contrast to 39% in non-ELBW. Total duration of disconnection from the ventilator was 50 s and was ten times longer in infants who had nasal CPAP compared with infants intratracheally intubated. Infants with nCPAP had longer duration of disconnection from the ventilator if body weight was >1000 g or if they were transferred in a transport incubator.

Conclusions

Multiple parameters like birth weight or type of transport affect neonatal care during the postdelivery room period. Prospective studies are needed to identify and optimise parameters within this period that affect long-term outcome.
Venous thromboembolism in children undergoing surgery: incidence, risk factors and related adverse events
Authors: Mets Elbert Johann , McLynn Ryan Patrick , Grauer Jonathan Newman
Published: April 2020

Background

Although less common in adults, venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children is a highly morbid, preventable adverse event. While VTE has been well studied among pediatric hospitalized and trauma patients, limited work has been done to examine postoperative VTE in children undergoing surgery.

Methods

Using data from National Surgical Quality Improvement Project Pediatric database (NSQIP-P) from 2012 to 2016, a retrospective cohort analysis was performed to determine the incidence of, and risk factors for, VTE in children undergoing surgery. Additionally, the relationships between VTE and other postoperative adverse outcomes were evaluated.

Results

Of 361 384 pediatric surgical patients, 378 (0.10%) were identified as experiencing postoperative VTE. After controlling for patient and surgical factors, we found that American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class of II or greater, aged 16–18 years, non-elective surgery, general surgery (compared with several other surgical specialties), cardiothoracic surgery (compared with general surgery) and longer operative time were significantly associated with VTE in pediatric patients (p<0.001 for each comparison). Furthermore, a majority of adverse events were found to be associated with increased risk of subsequent VTE (p<0.001).

Conclusion

In a large pediatric surgical population, an incidence of postoperative VTE of 0.10% was observed. Defined patient and surgical factors, and perioperative adverse events were found to be associated with such VTE events.
Evaluation of feeding periods of dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and meat quality in finishing pigs
Authors: Ao X. , Tran H.N. , Kim I.H.
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate feeding periods of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 150 finishing pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of 83.13 ± 1.91 kg were randomly allocated into one of three treatments (10 pens per treatment, five pigs per pen) based on their BW. Dietary treatments consisted of supplementing the basal diet with 1.0% CLA during 2, 3, and 4 wk prior to finishing. Pigs fed CLA diets 2 wk before finishing had a higher overall average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed ratio (G/F) than those fed CLA diets 4 wk before finishing (P < 0.05). In the whole experiment, pigs fed CLA diets 2 wk before finishing had a higher serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) than those fed CLA diets 3 and 4 wk before finishing. However, pigs that received CLA diets 4 wk before finishing had higher triglyceride levels (P < 0.05). Feeding 1% CLA diets 4 wk before finishing improved meat color and firmness. Taken together, feeding 1% CLA diet 4 wk before finishing increased ADG, G/F, and serum LDL, but reduced serum triglyceride.
Class I approach as MGD generator
Authors: Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Maurya S. K. , Gomez-Leyton Y.
Published: April 2020

In this work we build a relativistic anisotropic admissible compact structures. To do so we combine the class I approach with gravitational decoupling in order to generate the deformation function f(r). As an example we have re-anisotropized two anisotropic matter distributions previously obtained by the class I procedure. To produce all the graphical study supporting this analysis, we have considered the data corresponding to the compact object 4U 1538-52, SMC X-1 and LMC X-4 for model 1 and Cen X-3 for model 2. In considering the last one, we have taken the constant parameter $$\alpha $$α to be $$\{-0.3;0.1;0.3\}$${-0.3;0.1;0.3}. It is found that the resulting models satisfy all the general requirement in order to represent or describe realistic compact structures such as neutron or quark stars.
A generalized Higgs potential with two degenerate minima for a dark QCD matter scenario
Authors: Lutz Matthias F. M. , Heo Yonggoo , Guo Xiao-Yu
Published: April 2020

We consider the Higgs potential in generalizations of the Standard Model. The possibility of the potential to develop two almost degenerate minima is explored. This would imply that QCD matter at two distinct sets of quark masses is relevant for astrophysics and cosmology. If in the exotic minimum the QCD matter ground state is electromagnetically neutral, dark matter may consist of QCD matter and antimatter in bubbles of the Higgs field. We predict an abundance of $$\gamma $$γ rays in the few MeV region as messengers of dark matter regions in space. In addition the ratio of dark matter to normal matter is expected to show a time dependence.
Neural network-based hardware classifier using CORDIC algorithm
Authors: Tiwari Vipin , Mishra Ashish
Published: April 2020

This paper designs a novel classification hardware framework based on neural network (NN). It utilizes COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm to implement the activation function of NNs. The training was performed through software using an error back-propagation algorithm (EBPA) implemented in C++, then the final weights were loaded to the implemented hardware framework to perform classification. The hardware framework is developed in Xilinx 9.2i environment using VHDL as programming languages. Classification tests are performed on benchmark datasets obtained from UCI machine learning data repository. The results are compared with competitive classification approaches by considering the same datasets. Extensive analysis reveals that the proposed hardware framework provides more efficient results as compared to the existing classifiers.
Tilting and Squeezing: Phase Space Geometry of Hamiltonian Saddle-Node Bifurcation and its Influence on Chemical Reaction Dynamics
Authors: García-Garrido Víctor J. , Naik Shibabrat , Wiggins Stephen
Published: April 2020

In this article, we present the influence of a Hamiltonian saddle-node bifurcation on the high-dimensional phase space structures that mediate reaction dynamics. To achieve this goal, we identify the phase space invariant manifolds using Lagrangian descriptors, which is a trajectory-based diagnostic suitable for the construction of a complete “phase space tomography” by means of analyzing dynamics on low-dimensional slices. First, we build a Hamiltonian system with one degree-of-freedom (DoF) that models reaction, and study the effect of adding a parameter to the potential energy function that controls the depth of the well. Then, we extend this framework to a saddle-node bifurcation for a two DoF Hamiltonian, constructed by coupling a harmonic oscillator, i.e. a bath mode, to the other reactive DoF in the system. For this problem, we describe the phase space structures associated with the rank-1 saddle equilibrium point in the bottleneck region, which is a Normally Hyperbolic Invariant Manifold (NHIM) and its stable and unstable manifolds. Finally, we address the qualitative changes in the reaction dynamics of the Hamiltonian system due to changes in the well depth of the potential energy surface that gives rise to the saddle-node bifurcation.
Fear Induced Stabilization in an Intraguild Predation Model
Authors: Hossain Mainul , Pal Nikhil , Samanta Sudip , Chattopadhyay Joydev
Published: April 2020

In the present paper, we investigate the impact of fear in an intraguild predation model. We consider that the growth rate of intraguild prey (IG prey) is reduced due to the cost of fear of intraguild predator (IG predator), and the growth rate of basal prey is suppressed due to the cost of fear of both the IG prey and the IG predator. The basic mathematical results such as positively invariant space, boundedness of the solutions, persistence of the system have been investigated. We further analyze the existence and local stability of the biologically feasible equilibrium points, and also study the Hopf-bifurcation analysis of the system with respect to the fear parameter. The direction of Hopf-bifurcation and the stability properties of the periodic solutions have also been investigated. We observe that in the absence of fear, omnivory produces chaos in a three-species food chain system. However, fear can stabilize the chaos thus obtained. We also observe that the system shows bistability behavior between IG prey free equilibrium and IG predator free equilibrium, and bistability between IG prey free equilibrium and interior equilibrium. Furthermore, we observe that for a suitable set of parameter values, the system may exhibit multiple stable limit cycles. We perform extensive numerical simulations to explore the rich dynamics of a simple intraguild predation model with fear effect.
Classification of Invariant Algebraic Curves and Nonexistence of Algebraic Limit Cycles in Quadratic Systems from Family (I) of the Chinese Classification
Authors: Demina Maria V. , Valls Claudia
Published: April 2020

We give the complete classification of irreducible invariant algebraic curves in quadratic systems from family [Formula: see text] of the Chinese classification, that is, of differential system [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. In addition, we provide a complete and correct proof of the nonexistence of algebraic limit cycles for these equations.
A New Route to Strange Nonchaotic Attractors in an Interval Map
Authors: Zhang Yongxiang , Shen Yunzhu
Published: April 2020

We identify an unusual route to the creation of a strange nonchaotic attractor (SNA) in a quasiperiodically forced interval map. We find that the smooth quasiperiodic torus becomes nonsmooth due to the grazing bifurcation of the torus. The nonsmooth points on the torus increase more and more with the change of control parameter. Finally, the torus gets extremely fractal and becomes a SNA which is termed the grazing bifurcation route to the SNA. We characterize the SNA by maximal Lyapunov exponents and their variance, phase sensitivity exponents and power spectra. We also describe the transition between a torus and a SNA by the recurrence analysis. A remarkable feature of the route to SNAs is that the positive tails decay linearly and the negative tails exhibit recurrent fluctuations in the distribution of the finite-time Lyapunov exponents.
Formal Weierstrass Nonintegrability Criterion for Some Classes of Polynomial Differential Systems in ℂ2
Authors: Giné Jaume , Llibre Jaume
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we present a criterion for determining the formal Weierstrass nonintegrability of some polynomial differential systems in the plane [Formula: see text]. The criterion uses solutions of the form [Formula: see text] of the differential system in the plane and their associated cofactors, where [Formula: see text] is a formal power series. In particular, the criterion provides the necessary conditions in order that some polynomial differential systems in [Formula: see text] would be formal Weierstrass integrable. Inside this class there exist non-Liouvillian integrable systems. Finally we extend the theory of formal Weierstrass integrability to Puiseux Weierstrass integrability.
Sink or Swim — The Fate of a Retail Family Business
Authors: Sharma Shalaghya , Singh Anjani K.
Published: April 2020

The case highlights the challenges faced by retail businesses all over the world in the e-commerce era. Mr. Divyanshu Soni, a third-generation entrepreneur, is facing the daunting task of reviving his family business. Basant Radio is an electronic showroom dealing in sales of televisions and radios in the last 63 years. The previous generations had their fair share of challenges and their understanding and business acumen had helped Basant Radio become one of the most popular stores across the city and nearby areas. Recently, the sales had dipped dramatically following certain business decisions that had gone wrong. Moreover, advent of the online era had distracted customers away from the existing brick and mortar stores. Divyanshu was worried that the business was faltering because of consumers’ preference of e-commerce sites which offer unbeatable prices. His fear was not unfounded as e-commerce is affecting the sales of physical stores all over the world. The Indian e-commerce market is expected to cross US$50 billion by the year 2018. E-commerce is most popular in the case of the electronics market. The case highlights a number of options available to the entrepreneurs that may help in keeping the business afloat.
Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF): Building Trust in Diverse Stakeholders
Authors: Hutagaol-Martowidjojo Yanthi R.I.
Published: April 2020

While many case studies show the importance of a value proposition for profit organizations, this case demonstrates the importance of a value proposition for a non-profit organization in shaping the organization, in particular to prevent organization from an escalating crisis to improve its performance. The case is designed to foster a thoughtful organizational transformation through the development of an organization value proposition based on stakeholder and stakeholder participation theories. Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF) was in a financial crisis before 2011. The new CEO put new value proposition formulation on his priority by analyzing the interests of BOSF’s stakeholders. Hence, the case adds the importance of leadership aspect in analyzing organization’s stakeholders’ interests and expectations and effectively making decisions to meet them.
Arc and slab-failure magmatism of the Taconic Orogeny, western New England, USA
Authors: Hildebrand Robert S. , Whalen Joseph B.
Published: April 2020

During the 1970s, geologists considered that the Upper Ordovician Taconic Orogeny represented the collision of Laurentia with the Ammonoosuc arc, now largely exposed on the Bronson Hill anticlinorium. Subsequently, several researchers noted that magmatic rocks which intrude and overlie the Ammonoosuc arc are younger than the
c.
455–451 Ma Taconic Orogeny. This led them to hypothesize that a Middle Ordovician collision was followed by westward-dipping subduction beneath the amalgamated Laurentian–Ammonoosuc zone to produce the younger arc rocks. In this model, the Taconic allochthons and foredeep were produced later in a retro-arc setting above westward-dipping subduction. However, those models prove inadequate due to the lack of ash beds, foredeep sedimentation and deformation on the Laurentian platform prior to the Upper Ordovician Taconic Orogeny.

Here, we resolve the dilemma by recognizing that the magmatic rocks, which post-date the 455–451 Ma Taconic Orogeny, are not arc rocks but, instead, typical post-collisional slab-failure rocks as old as 450 Ma, with Sr/Y > 10, Sm/Yb > 2.5, Nb/Y > 0.4 and La/Yb > 10. Thus, in New England and western New York, the Upper Ordovician Taconic Orogeny represents the collision of the Ammonoosuc arc with Laurentia followed by slab failure of the descending plate.