bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the implementation of study-from-home policy in senior high school during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Simangunsong Junus , Mustikaningsih Hastuti
Published: July 2022

The increase in Coronavirus Disease-19 in Indonesia has prompted the central and regional governments to issue a study-from-home (SFH) policy through the Minister of Education and Culture Circular Letter Number 4 of 2020. The policy aims to reduce activities in schools but uses a meaningful curriculum. The purpose of the evaluation is to see the SFH policy implementation related to teaching and learning activities. The collection of information and data, interviews, and group discussion forums were conducted through online meetings, including video conferencing and other social media. This policy implementation was analyzed in the aspects of context, input, process, and product. The study involved 2,862 respondents, consisting of 60 people from the Education Office, 284 school principals, 861 teachers, 677 students’ parents, and 980 students. Evaluation results for each aspect show that: (1) in terms of context, policymakers in the regions have followed up Governor's decrees and the SFH program (78.33%); (2) in terms of input, schools have prepared 17% of infrastructure and the level of teacher ability is 41.64%; (3) in terms of process, 49.56% of learning is carried out online; and (4) in terms of product, 88% teachers have assessed learning outcomes. Thus, the SFH policy has been carried out optimally, but some learning factors are not going well due to limited cell phones, low teacher competence in using applications, and unavailability of the Internet network in some schools. The SFH implementation at the provincial government level has been carried out effectively and efficiently, but in schools, online learning is still found to be uneven.
Remotely Conducted App-Based Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Risk Awareness and Prevention: Single-Group Feasibility Trial
Authors: Buss Vera Helen , Varnfield Marlien , Harris Mark , Barr Margo
Published: July 2022

Background

Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide. An unhealthy lifestyle greatly contributes to someone’s risk of developing these conditions. Mobile health is an emerging technology that can help deliver health promotion interventions to the population, for example, in the form of health apps.

Objective

The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of an app-based intervention for cardiovascular and diabetes risk awareness and prevention by measuring nonusage, dropout, adherence to app use, and usability of the app over 3 months.

Methods

Participants were eligible if they were aged 45 years or older, resided in Australia, were free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, were fluent in English, and owned a smartphone. In the beginning, participants received an email with instructions on how to install the app and a user guide. After 3 months, they received an email with an invitation to an end-of-study survey. The survey included questions about general smartphone use and the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. We analyzed app-generated and survey data by using descriptive and inferential statistics as well as thematic analysis for open-text comments.

Results

Recruitment took place between September and October 2021. Of the 46 participants who consented to the study, 20 (44%) never used the app and 15 (33%) dropped out. The median age of the app users at baseline was 62 (IQR 56-67) years. Adherence to app use, that is, using the app at least once a week over 3 months, was 17% (8/46) of the total sample and 31% (8/26) of all app users. The mean app quality rating on the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale was 3.5 (SD 0.6) of 5 points. The app scored the highest for the information section and the lowest for the engagement section of the scale.

Conclusions

Nonusage and dropouts were too high, and the adherence was too low to consider the intervention in its current form feasible. Potential barriers that we identified include the research team not actively engaging with participants early in the study to verify that all participants could install the app, the intervention did not involve direct contact with health care professionals, and the app did not have enough interactive features.
Peer Review of “Representing Physician Suicide Claims as Nanopublications: Proof-of-Concept Study Creating Claim Networks” (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to ms#34979.
Iodine deficiency and prevalence of nodular goitre in Ukraine
Authors: Tovkai A.O.
Published: July 2022

More than one tenth of the world population is to some degree affected by goitre and most of these harbour nodules. The large differences in thyroid disease prevalence between populations may be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Among the latter, iodine deficiency seems by far to be the most important risk factor. Thus, nodular goitre is a condition predominantly seen in iodine deficient areas of the world. Large thyroid volumes and high frequencies of goitres have been reported in countries affected by iodine deficiency. In the present review, we evaluated prevalences of thyroid nodules in iodine-deficient countries. In 2016 in Ukraine the prevalence of nodular goiter was 707.8 per 100 thousand population, then after 5 years the figure slowly increased to 891.5 cases, respectively (+25.9%). The existing high indices of newly diagnosed patients with nodular goitre in the country in 2016 were 71.9, and at the end of 2020— 90.2 initially established cases per 100 thousand population, with a positive increase of +25.5%. In the Whickham survey, 20% of women and 5% of men who had goitres in the initial survey showed no evidence of goitre in a follow-up survey. An average growth rate in the multinodular goitre of 5–20% was reported in iodine-sufficient areas. On the basis of the results of the Framingham survey, the estimated lifetime risk for developing a nodule is 5–10%. Thyroid nodule size can increase, decrease, or remain stable, and thyroid nodules may eventually also disappear over time. Solid nodules more frequently increase, whereas cystic nodules can shrink or disappear. If the goitre has been present for some time, autonomous function of the nodules and eventually hyperthyroidism develop. The rate of progression from euthyroidism to subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism is about 10%.
Product of metabolic activity of intestinal microbium trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO)— biomarker of progression of atherosclerosis-copy in the heart of the heart
Authors: Shyshkan-Shyshova К.О. , Zinych O.V.
Published: July 2022

The literature data on the importance of intestinal microbiota as an endocrine organ— producer of biologically active metabolites, which perform key functions to maintain metabolic homeostasis of the whole organism, in particular the condition of the cardiovascular system, are analyzed. Clinical and experimental studies using a metabolomical approach have shown that the development of atherosclerotic CVD is often associated with elevated levels of one of the microbial metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). TMAO may be a sensitive prognostic biomarker of complications of type 2 diabetes, including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The precursor of TMAO is trimethylamine (TMA), formed by intestinal bacteria from food phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine. In the liver, TMA is converted to TMAO under the influence of hepatic flavin monooxygenase 3.The mechanisms of the proatherogenic effect of elevated levels of TMAO include effects on bile acid and cholesterol metabolism, platelet hyperactivation, stimulation of inflammatory processes and oxidative stress, induction of endothelial disfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It has been established that TMAO, in conditions of chronic elevation, can contribute to cardiometabolic diseases. Elevated levels of TMAO in dysmetabolic conditions (obesity, type2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, or coronary heart disease) have been suggested to be largely associated with the gut microbiota profile. Therefore, regulating the ratio of intestinal microorganisms or their ability to form a precursor of TMAO— TMA, may be a way to develop new tools for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and prevent the progression of cardiovascular complications, including in patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies have shown that inhibiting various stages of TMAO production can reduce TMAO levels and help treat atherosclerosis and diabetes.
Photo-Oxidative Degradation and Hydrolytic Degradation of Micro-Graphite Filled Poly(lactic acid) Composites
Authors: Kaavessina Mujtahid , Shohih Esa Nur , Distantina Sperisa , Fadilah Fadilah
Published: July 2022

In a specific range of electrical conductivity, poly(lactic acid)/PLA has the potential to be developed into environmentally friendly antistatic packaging after a modification process. PLA was blended in a mini single screw extruder at 180oC with different compositions of micro-graphite (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 %wt.). This report discusses the degradability of PLA composite, i.e., photo-oxidative degradation and hydrolytic degradation. The weight loss, thermal properties, and cross-section morphology of the tested specimens were monitored periodically. During the degradation test, micro-graphite could be released from the composite, leaving a rough surface and reducing the weight of the composite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test exhibited that the presence of micro-graphite did not influence the melting temperature of the composition studied. However, the onset temperature of the melting point showed a slight shift of about 2-4oC. Bulk crystallinity demonstrated a considerable dependence on the micro-graphite loading (0-1.5%wt). However, there were two contradictory phenomena after both degradation tests. UV exposure could stimulate the fragmentation of PLA chains, break the crystal structure and increase the embrittlement. Thus, crystallinity tended to decrease during photo-oxidative degradation. In hydrolytic degradation, degradation firstly occurred in the amorphous regions and was ongoing within the studied range of time (0-20 weeks). Thus, the bulk crystallinity of composite tended to increase.
The Role of Wanagama as healing Forest during the pandemic covid 19
Authors: Septiana Ratih Madya
Published: July 2022

The increase in COVID-19 cases has resulted in the Government of Indonesia establishing a National Health Emergency on the 1st of April 2020 followed by Large-scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). This condition has a direct impact on the lives of people in the countryside, namely the reduced ability to meet the needs of life, especially food needs. In addition, a quarantine room is needed to accommodate reactive rapid test patients because it has exceeded the capacity of the hospital in treating COVID-19 patients. Facilitation and instrumentation to improve people's ability from stagnating economic activities in the countryside is also a need that requires to be prepared early. This thematic dedication is devoted to emergency response cases at KHDTK Wanagama Gunung Kidul, also the anticipation of activities after the pandemic ends. The implementation of the dedication was carried out for 6 months in the Wanagama Teaching Forest with target groups of village communities around the forest, Gugus Tugas COVID-19 Gunungkidul, and reactive rapid test patients throughout Gunung Kidul Regency. The results of the dedication activity include 1) Improving food security and purchasing power of the community, 2) Improving understanding through the socialization of COVID-19 prevention, 3) Availability of Quarantine Houses for reactive patients of Gunung Kidul Regency, and 4) Revitalization of Mangium House as a Partnership House to produce food security, public health, and employment.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МНОГОСЛОЙНОЙ SLID-СТРУКТУРЫ CUSN ДЛЯ ГЕРМЕТИЗАЦИИ МЭМС НА УРОВНЕ ПЛАСТИНЫ
Authors: Грабов А.В. , Суздальцев С.Ю. , Рискин Д.Д. , Обижаев Д.Ю. , Турков В.Е. , Жуков С.А.
Published: July 2022

Разработан электрохимический процесс формирования SLID-структуры Cu-Sn для герметизации МЭМС по технологии WLP, совместимый с ф/л и отличающийся наличием финишного э/х-глянцевания. Исследовано дендритообразование и методы его предотвращения, а также механизмы диффузии Sn в Cu и рост интерметаллидов.
¿La naturaleza sin nosotros o dentro de nosotros?: reflexiones ecológicas
Authors: Maraldo John C. , Ortega Sofía
Published: July 2022

¿Por qué naturaleza se refiere a lo que no es humano? ¿Cómo es que, en las culturas en las que vivimos, separamos la naturaleza del mundo humano? Este artículo agrega que, desde que los seres humanos viven, la naturaleza no ha estado sin nosotros, sin ser afectada por nosotros, y ciertamente no hemos podido ni podemos vivir fuera de la naturaleza. La naturaleza está dentro de nosotros como nosotros estamos dentro de la naturaleza. Considero que este pensamiento es fructífero para el cuidado que la Tierra merece y para el cuidado que los humanos estamos llamados a dar. La naturaleza dentro de nosotros y nosotros dentro de la naturaleza es una idea rectora de muchos pueblos indígenas que pueden enseñar a las poblaciones urbanas e industrializadas a vivir mejor en la tierra. Su postura contrasta con la noción actual de una era “antropocena” en la que la “naturaleza” ya no actúa ni evoluciona al margen de los seres humanos. Sugiere más bien que desde que hay seres vivos en la Tierra, éstos han interactuado con la naturaleza y la han transformado. El filósofo japonés Nishida Kitarō propuso que los seres humanos no sólo mostramos o revelamos un mundo que ya está ahí; lo representamos —es decir, interactuamos con él de manera que tanto el mundo como el yo surge en formación mutua—. Extraigo la implicación de Nishida según la cual el mundo (o la naturaleza) se hace consciente a través de la conciencia de todos los seres sensibles. Por último, el abad zen medieval Dōgen pone en perspectiva todos los antropocentrismos cuando enseña que debemos estar abiertos a las formas en que otros seres experimentan e interpretan el mundo.
Factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo en médicos familiares adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar
Authors: Becerra Núñez Daniel , Alba Pimentel Beatriz M. , Cardona Torres Luz M.
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: analizar los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo en médicos familiares adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico, participaron cincuenta médicos de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar (umf) No. 49 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Celaya, Guanajuato, México. Se aplicó la Norma Oficial Mexicana nom-035-stps-2018, “Factores de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo-Identificación, análisis y prevención”. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, prueba t para diferencia de dos medias y anova de un factor para la comparación de los factores en las variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: las mujeres representaron 60% del total de la muestra; la edad promedio fue de 40.1±6 años; casados, 72%; antigüedad laboral, 12.9±7.1 años. Once participantes reportaron acontecimientos traumáticos severos; el riesgo psicosocial fue en 56% medio, 34%, alto y 6%, muy alto; la categoría con el mayor nivel de riesgo fue factores propios de la actividad, con 72% en riesgo muy alto; los dominios de mayor riesgo psicosocial fueron carga de trabajo con 84% en riesgo muy alto, falta de control sobre el trabajo con 52% en riesgo muy alto y liderazgo con 8% en riesgo muy alto. En la organización del tiempo de trabajo, las mujeres tuvieron un riesgo psicosocial más alto que los hombres (p=0.014), con nueve años o menos de antigüedad. En liderazgo y relaciones en el trabajo, tuvieron menor riesgo psicosocial aquellos entre diez y diecinueve años, en comparación con los de más de veinte años (p=0.001, 0.036, respectivamente). Conclusiones: de acuerdo con la nom-035-stps-2018, la umf No. 49, requiere para sus médicos familiares revisar la política de prevención de riesgos psicosociales y el desarrollo de programas para su abordaje, así como la promoción de un entorno organizacional favorable.
Evaluación de supervivencia en el adulto mayor con diabetes mellitus de acuerdo con la Guía de Práctica Clínica
Authors: Álvarez Torres Martha , Álvarez Aguilar Cleto , Gómez García Anel
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la supervivencia en el adulto mayor con diabetes de acuerdo con la Guía de Práctica Clínica (gpc) de México para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2) en el adulto mayor vulnerable. Métodos: estudio transversal, se realizó una búsqueda de expedientes electrónicos de 144 adultos mayores de 65 años, con diagnóstico de dm2, en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 80 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Morelia, Michoacán. Con el apoyo del área de información y archivo clínico, se identificaron los adultos mayores fallecidos. Se utilizó la gpc para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la dm en el adulto mayor vulnerable para identificar vulnerabilidad, síndromes geriátricos y complicaciones agudas y crónicas. Se aplicó la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov para estimar normalidad de distribución; t de Student para muestras independientes, Kaplan Meier con Log Rank para comparar curvas de supervivencia. Se estableció diferencia estadística significativa con p<0.05. Resultados: se analizó a 41 adultos mayores vulnerables (28.47%) y 103, no vulnerables (71.52%); de los adultos mayores vulnerables, 90.2% presentó polifarmacia y 73.2%, deterioro cognoscitivo. La complicación más frecuente fue nefropatía (p<0.0001). El adulto mayor vulnerable fallece antes que el adulto mayor no vulnerable [Log Rank:4.180; p=0.041]. Conclusiones: los adultos mayores vulnerables tienen una supervivencia menor que los no vulnerables con influencia del control metabólico, deterioro cognoscitivo, polifarmacia y depresión con las que cursa el adulto mayor.
Conocimientos, prevención y riesgo percibido de COVID-19 en estudiantes de medicina
Authors: González Pérez Brian , Salas Flores Ricardo , Olvera Mendoza Verónica , Clemente Martínez Gabriela , Sánchez Márquez Wilberto , Reyes Cruz Sergio
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: identificar los conocimientos, las conductas de prevención y riesgo percibido de covid-19 en estudiantes de medicina. Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo. Participaron estudiantes de una facultad de medicina, en el periodo de septiembre a diciembre de 2020. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: ser estudiante inscrito de primero a décimo semestre de la carrera de Médico Cirujano, cualquier edad y sexo, que aceptaron participar en la investigación y otorgaron consentimiento informado contestando una encuesta en línea que consta de 26 preguntas que incluyen quince ítems sobre conocimientos de covid-19, nueve ítems sobre conductas de prevención y dos ítems sobre percepción del riesgo de covid-19. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados: se incluyeron 912 encuestas, 62.2% fue de sexo femenino (n=567), 82% aseguró haber recibido información relacionada con covid-19 en fuentes de información confiables (n=748), 96.5% platicó con sus familiares y amigos sobre las medidas de prevención (n=880), 63.8% desconoció el uso de mascarilla N95 durante procedimientos de intubación, succión, broncoscopia y reanimación cardiopulmonar (n=582) y 43.3% indicó que tenía miedo de infectarse (n=395). Conclusión: la mayoría de los participantes refirió haber recibido información adecuada para conocer aspectos relacionados con la covid-19, pero desconocían aspectos esenciales como el uso de mascarilla N95. Es necesario educar e informar a la población estudiantil de la facultad de medicina para disminuir la percepción de riesgo y aumentar las conductas de prevención.
Revisión sobre el desarrollo educativo de los menores en acogimiento residencial
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Daniel , Pérez-Montesdeoca Héctor
Published: July 2022

La educación de los menores en acogimiento residencial es un ámbito al que por desgracia no se le ha dado toda la importancia que merece. Este artículo presenta una revisión teórica sobre el desarrollo educativo de estos niños, niñas y adolescentes en el panorama internacional. A partir de una descripción sobre el desarrollo educativo de estos estudiantes en contextos geográficos y sociales diversos, se hace patente su desventaja escolar frente al resto de alumnado. Posteriormente se ahonda en las causas de este desajuste educativo mediante un análisis crítico de los motivos que perjudican los logros escolares de este colectivo. El trabajo concluye con las principales propuestas de la literatura científica han evidenciado su utilidad para conseguir que los menores en acogimiento residencial alcancen su máximo potencial educativo y para que se minimicen los perjuicios académicos que sufren por la condición de institucionalización en la que viven.
Prácticas subalternas sobre el sistema ortográfico entre estudiantes universitarios indígenas y no indígenas
Authors: Perales-Escudero Moisés Damián , Ramos Díaz Martín , Sima Lozano Eyder Gabriel
Published: July 2022

Desde una perspectiva decolonial y socioconstructivista, describimos prácticas de literacidad subalternas sobre las comillas entre estudiantes indígenas y no indígenas de dos instituciones de educación superior (IES) de Yucatán (México) en contextos distintos de conservación de la lengua y la cultura mayas. Mediante el constructo de concepciones, abordamos la conciencia de los participantes sobre las prácticas y los contextos de los eventos de literacidad que las construyeron. Recogimos las concepciones de 232 participantes mediante un cuestionario y las analizamos desde la fenomenografía y las literacidades académicas. Encontramos amplia presencia de prácticas subalternas, con diferencias entre las IES. Las prácticas privilegiadas parecen ser resistidas o consignadas al misterio en el contexto maya y en la educación preuniversitaria de ambos contextos. El contexto y no la autoadscripción indígena influye sobre las prácticas. Destacamos la necesidad de visibilizar y reflexionar críticamente sobre las prácticas subalternas y privilegiadas, desmontando la práctica institucional del misterio.
Pertenencia escolar y subjetividad en adolescentes de sectores populares
Authors: Saraví Gonzalo A.
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza tensiones generadas en el proceso de inclusión de adolescentes provenientes de sectores desfavorecidos a la educación media superior. El análisis se focaliza en la relación entre la construcción de pertenencia y los procesos de subjetivación. El argumento principal del texto sostiene que estas tensiones están asociadas con la configuración en estos adolescentes de subjetividades divididas, resultante de una pertenencia escolar sustentada en la homogeneidad y el rechazo-devaluación de identidades juveniles subalternas. La metodología es de tipo cualitativo, y se basó en entrevistas semi-estructuradas (73) y grupos focales (5) con estudiantes de siete escuelas ubicadas en ciudades del centro (Ciudad de México), norte (Tijuana) y sur (Tuxtla) de México. Los resultados muestran una institución escolar con dificultades para contener la autenticidad y autoestima de los adolescentes más vulnerables, e invitan a reflexionar sobre las transformaciones pendientes para lograr una escuela más inclusiva que no abandone sus pretensiones transformadoras.
Image De-Noising Using Convolutional Variational Autoencoders
Authors: Sreeteish M
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Typically, image noise is random colour information in picture pixels that serves as an unfavourable by-product of the image, obscuring the intended information. In most cases, noise is injected into photographs during the transfer or reception of the image, or during the capture of an image when an object is moving quickly. To improve the noisy picture predictions, autoencoders that denoise the input images are employed. Autoencoders are a sort of unsupervised machine learning that compresses the input and reconstructs an output that is very similar to the original input. The autoencoder tries to figure out non-linear correlations between data points. An encoder, a latent space, and a decoder all exist in autoencoders. The encoder reduces the dimensionality of an original picture to its latent space representation, which is then used by the decoder to reconstruct the reduced dimensional image back to its original image. Basic Autoencoder, Variational Autoencoder, and Convolutional Autoencoder are the three approaches that were employed to denoise the picture. In the basic and convolutional autoencoders, there is only one loss parameter, however in the variational autoencoder, there are two losses: generative loss and latent loss. TensorFlow as the frontend and Keras as the backend are used to implement autoencoders in this project. The noisy pictures are trained on every convolutional variational autoencoder techniques to produce a decent prediction of noisy test data.
Web Scraping for E-Commerce Websites
Authors: Kumar Gandhe Vineeth
Published: July 2022

Abstract: The prices of the products in the E-commerce sites change frequently. It becomes very difficult for the users to monitor the prices and get the best deal available on the internet. The proposed model tackles this problem by creating a user-friendly model using Web scraping and machine learning concepts so that the model can be used by the users to monitor and compare the prices of products across the websites, send an email alert notification when there is a price drop and also to predict the future prices.
Redistribution of risk management priorities in the housing construction sector under the conditions of external shocksшоков
Authors: Efremyan Boris L. , Kankhva Vadim S.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The purpose of the research is to study the nature of the impact of external economic shocks on development companies in the housing sector and determine the need to shift the priority of the risk management system towards external risk management. Materials and methods. Methodological approaches to solving this problem stem from the analysis and comparison of statistical data on economic cycles in the construction industry of the Russian Federation, as well as the results of analytical studies and assessments, made by institutional organizations, and surveys, conducted by industry experts. Results. The authors have analyzed the effect of the consequences of crises since 2014 on the residential real estate market, as well as their comparison in terms of the impact on the economy of the construction industry, changes in its product, purchasing power and consumer preferences. Relevant corporate and management-focused benchmarks have been set in terms of the current economic situation and its 5-year projections. These benchmarks justify the need to redistribute the risk load within the product price and add supplementary risk management elements to minimize hard-to-predict risks under the conditions of a highly volatile external economic environment. Conclusions. The authors have found that external risks are inadequately taken account of when the risk load is transferred from a construction industry enterprise to the cost of product in the present-day economic reality. Over the period of the medium-term development of the economy, the activity of a developer in the housing sector is impossible without the implementation of supplementary risk management tools and a financial model of projects that takes account of a high probability of new external economic shocks.
Current state of innovative activities in the Russian regions
Authors: Verstina Natalia G. , Tsuverkalova Olga F.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. At the current stage of economic development, Russia’s focus on competitive performance and technological leadership in international markets has boosted the role of innovations. In recent years, a number of policy documents have been adopted; they outline the ways to ensure the transition of the Russian economy to an innovative development path and list the indicators of attainment of pre-defined priorities. The paper presents a comparative study of the Russian regions in terms of their attainment of innovative development targets aimed at the achievement of national strategic goals.

Materials and methods. The authors used open statistical data on innovations in the Russian Federation, published by the Federal State Statistics Service for 2015 and 2020. Statistical methods and cluster analysis were employed to make a comparative analysis using Statistica and MS Excel software.

Results. The Russian regions were clustered in the course of the study, and each cluster was characterized by various aspects of innovative activities. Primary statistics were used to calculate relative indicators of effectiveness of innovative activities. Various statistical charts were used to visualize the results. The studies allow assessing changes in the composition and structure of clusters during the period under review. Calculations were made to assess the degree of achievement of goals set in the “Strategy for Innovative Development of the Russian Federation”. The authors also consider current approaches to innovative activity rankings made for the Russian regions.

Conclusions. The results acknowledge that the level of innovative development is low in the majority of the Russian regions, that have inadequate systems of indicators and calculation methods, used to characterize innovative activities. Development of innovative activity evaluation methods, aimed at promoting innovative activities in the regions and rising the efficiency of investments in innovations, are proposed as promising areas of further research.
Sistema de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, Mipymes de Sincelejo, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez Contreras Diana Esther , Araque Geney Erika Astrid , Jiménez Lyons Karina Andrea
Published: July 2022

Los entornos laborales seguros contribuyen a un mejor desempeño de los colaboradores en sus actividades en la empresa. De allí, la importancia de contar con sistemas de gestión en seguridad laboral conforme a la normatividad vigente. El presente trabajo de investigación ahonda el estado actual del Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en las micro y pequeñas empresas ubicadas en el centro de la ciudad de Sincelejo-Sucre, fundamentado en referentes teóricos como Patlán (2016), expresa la calidad de vida y la formalidad laboral. Barrios y Paravic (2006), señalan el beneficio de ambientes laborales sanos y protegidos. Antúnez (2016), menciona los diferentes sistemas de gestión. Hernández (2018), refiere las Mipymes como empresas en crecimiento y promotoras de fuentes de empleo. Además, la Resolución 0312 de 2019 y NTC-ISO 9001 del 2015, entre otros. La investigación es de enfoque mixto, de tipo descriptivo y se contó con una muestra de 50 empresas. Los resultados expusieron la pertinencia de unificar esfuerzos para el acompañamiento, gestión de recursos e información efectiva para los empresarios sobre el tema. El estudio permitió concluir, la realidad de un sistema débil en seguridad y salud laboral y el desconocimiento de la norma.
Retos de la salud mental para la cuarta revolución industrial en las empresas de Colombia
Authors: Tellez Bedoya Carlos Arturo , Tellez Bedoya Carolina
Published: July 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo evidenciar los retos de la gestión empresarial en cuanto a salud mental en Colombia, bajo el escenario de la cuarta revolución industrial. El diseño metodológico abarca primordialmente el enfoque cualitativo, empleando una revisión de la producción intelectual, tratada a través de la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los principales resultados evidencian que infortunadamente en el país, la mayoría de las organizaciones aún se encuentra en la segunda revolución industrial, y, por ende, al ritmo actual puede que no se logren incorporar estás nuevas tecnologías de manera efectiva al trabajo. Existen diversos retos en aras de potencializar el uso de estas tecnologías de la mano con el cuidado de la salud mental de los colaboradores, se resalta la necesidad de: diagnosticar el estadio actual en relación con el uso de tecnologías y aplicación de prácticas de cuidado de la salud mental; brindar mayor acompañamiento al colaborador para reducir el desarrollo de riesgos psicosociales; e integrar la salud mental con el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, comprendiendo su impacto como agentes catalizadores de la productividad y armonía en la empresa.
On the Possibility оf a Dual-Natured Self
Authors: Vaidya Anand Jayprakash
Published: July 2022

In this paper I examine compatibilism and incompatibilism about whether the self can be both a subject and an object in the same awareness at the same time. While this is an old debate that many traditions of philosophy have contributed to, my point of departure is the work of A.C. Mukerji (an Indian philosopher of the modern era) who worked on the possibility of self-awareness by articulating, what he called, the paradox of ego-centricity. I also consider Patañjali (an Indian philosopher of the classical era), Maurice Merleau-Ponty (a phenomenologist), and Arindam Chakrabarti (a contemporary Indian and Analytic philosopher) on the debate over compatibilism. First, I present Mukerji’s paradox, then I critically examine Patañjali and Merleau-Ponty’s arguments against incompatibilism. I move on to bring Mukerji’s paradox into contact with Chakrabarti’s arguments in favor of compatibilism. I critically examine Chakrabarti’s arguments in favor of compatibilism and against incompatibilism. While insightful and powerful, I argue that they can be resisted; and should be considered alongside Mukerji’s paradox. I close by offering an argument for compatibilism based on an analogy with particle-wave duality in quantum physics and the relation between conceivability and metaphysical modality.
Immanuel Kant “on the Borders” of A. Bely’s Symbolism
Authors: Marchevsky Ondrej
Published: July 2022

The occasion of the 100th anniversary of I. Kant’s death was a colossal impulse for many researchers of Immanuel Kant’s legacy. One of the goals of the paper is to introduce one of the less known anniversary critical texts, which appeared in the Russian intellectual milieu. It attempts to disrupt the usual approach regarding the interpretation of Bely’s comprehension of Kant’s legacy, i.e., Kant as a skeleton of philosophy or a police officer of thinking. The paper points to a more systematically conceived scale of Bely’s reflections of Kant. From Bely’s point of view, Kant is the author of firm grounds for the shaping of thought. On the unstable background of philosophy, which during the historical development of thought succumbed to erosion, it is Kant’s philosophy that serves as the stabilizing base. Bely tries to highlight that Kant’s epistemology forms distinctively outlined the foundations of a knowledge of the world and philosophical comprehension not only of history but also of symbolism. The symbolism of Andrei Bely.
ENSAIO SOBRE FATORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS E SAÚDE INFANTIL NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE MUNICIPAL PARA OS ANOS DE 2008 A 2018
Authors: Moura Síria Monique Alves de , Ferreira Monaliza De Oliveira , Lucas Andreza Daniela Pontes
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os fatores socioeconômicos determinantes para a saúde infantil no Brasil, tendo o peso ao nascer e a taxa de óbito infantil como indicadores de saúde. Para isso, foram utilizados dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) para os anos de 2008 a 2018, analisando os 5.570 municípios brasileiros e utilizando o Modelo de Efeitos Fixos. Dentre os resultados obtidos, tem-se que os principais fatores determinantes do peso baixo ao nascer no Brasil são o aumento na proporção de bebês prematuros, de mães adolescentes, mães sem instrução e mães que não realizaram consulta pré-natal. Em relação ao óbito infantil, as principais causas apontadas para o agravamento da situação foram o aumento das proporções de bebês prematuros e mães sem instrução. Portanto, observa-se que os principais determinantes socioeconômicos de saúde infantil no período analisado estão ligados à saúde e à educação da mãe, sendo necessárias políticas públicas em ambas as áreas para reverter estes resultados.
Altered contractility in mutation-specific hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a mechano-energetic in silico study with pharmacological insights
Authors: Forouzandehmehr Mohamadamin , Paci Michelangelo , Koivumäki Jussi , Hyttinen Jari
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Mavacamten (MAVA), Blebbistatin (BLEB), and
Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) are promising drugs directly targeting sarcomere
dynamics, with demonstrated efficacy against hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
(HCM) in clinical trials. However, the molecular mechanism affecting
cardiac contractility regulation, and the diseased cell
mechano-energetics are not fully understood yet. Methods: We
present a new metabolic-sensitive computational model of human induced
pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs)
electromechanics to investigate the pathology of R403Q HCM mutation and
the effect of MAVA, BLEB, and OM on the cell mechano-energetics.
Results: We offer a mechano-energetic HCM calibration of the
model, capturing the prolonged contractile relaxation due to R403Q
mutation (~33%), without assuming any further
modifications such as an additional Ca flux to the
thin filaments. The HCM model variant correctly predicts the negligible
alteration in ATPase activity in R403Q HCM condition compared to normal
hiPSC-CMs. The simulated inotropic effects of MAVA, OM, and BLEB, along
with the ATPase activities in the control and HCM model variant agree
with in vitro results from different labs. The proposed model
recapitulates the tension-Ca relationship and action
potential duration change due to 1uM OM and 5uM BLEB, consistently with
in vitro data. Finally, our model replicates the experimental
dose-dependent effect of OM and BLEB on the normalized isometric
tension. Conclusion: This work is a step toward
deep-phenotyping the mutation-specific HCM pathophysiology, manifesting
as altered interfilament kinetics. Accordingly, the modeling efforts
lend original insights into the MAVA, BLEB, and OM contributions to a
new interfilament balance resulting in a cardioprotective effect.
The Assessment and Management of Deep Neck Space Infections: a Systematic Review and Qualitative Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Sheikh Zain , Yu Beverley , Heywood Emily , Quraishi Natasha , Quraishi Shahed
Published: July 2022

Objectives To summarise current practices in the diagnosis and
management of Deep Neck Space Infections (DNSIs) To inform future
studies in developing a framework in the management of DNSIs Design This
review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021226449) and reported in line
with PRISMA guidelines. All studies from 2000 that reported the
investigation or management of DNSI were included. The search was
limited to English language only. Databases searched included AMED,
Embase, Medline and HMIC. Quantitative analysis was undertaken with
descriptive statistics and frequency synthesis with 2 independent
reviewers. A qualitative narrative synthesis was conducted using a
thematic analysis approach. Setting Secondary or Tertiary Care centres
that undertook management of Deep Neck Space Infections. Participants
All adult patients with a deep neck space infection. Main outcome
measures The role of imaging, radiologically guided aspiration and
surgical drainage in DNSIs. Results 60 studies were reviewed. 31 studies
reported on imaging modality, 51 studies reported treatment modality.
Aside from a single RCT all other studies were observational (n=25) or
case series (n=36). CT was used to diagnose DNSI in 78% of patients,
Mean percentage of management with open surgical drainage was 81% and
29.4% for radiologically guided aspiration. Qualitative analysis
identified 7 major themes were identified on DNSI. Conclusion There are
limited methodologically rigorous studies investigating DNSIs. CT
imaging was the most used imaging modality. Surgical drainage was
commonest treatment choice. Areas of further research on epidemiology,
reporting guidelines and management are required.
The Cost of Control: Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy in Youth
Authors: Pease Anthony , Callander Emily , Zomer Ella , Abraham Mary B. , Davis Elizabeth A. , Jones Timothy W. , Liew Danny , Zoungas Sophia
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) therapy is an efficacious management strategy for young people with type 1 diabetes. However, high costs prevent equitable access. We thus sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HCL therapy compared with current care among young people with type 1 diabetes in Australia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A patient-level Markov model was constructed to simulate disease progression for young people with type 1 diabetes using HCL therapy versus current care, with follow-up from 12 until 25 years of age. Downstream health and economic consequences were compared via decision analysis. Treatment effects and proportions using different technologies to define “current care” were based primarily on data from an Australian pediatric randomized controlled trial. Transition probabilities and utilities for health states were sourced from published studies. Costs were considered from the Australian health care system’s perspective. An annual discount rate of 5% was applied to future costs and outcomes. Uncertainty was evaluated with probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS

Use of HCL therapy resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of Australian dollars (AUD) $32,789 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The majority of simulations (93.3%) were below the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD $50,000 per QALY gained in Australia. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the base-case results were robust.

CONCLUSIONS

In this first cost-effectiveness analysis of HCL technologies for the management of young people with type 1 diabetes, HCL therapy was found to be cost-effective compared with current care in Australia.
The Subject of English in LK20: A Catalyst for Multilingual and Intercultural Competence?
Authors: Speitz Heike , Myklevold Gro-Anita
Published: July 2022

This chapter focuses on aspects of multilingualism and intercultural competence in the subject of English in the LK20 curriculum. Both terms are first thoroughly defined and discussed; the text then presents a content analysis of the new national curriculum (LK20) with a specific focus on the Core Curriculum and Curriculum in English. The authors find that both concepts, multilingualism and intercultural competence, are well incorporated in the LK20 English curriculum, appearing both separately and in tandem. The subject of English is presented as an important building block in pupils’ dynamic and developing linguistic and (inter)cultural repertoire. As the first additional language taught in school, English has the potential to be a catalyst for both multilingual and intercultural competence (MIC). However, becoming this catalyst in practice may depend on teachers’ and school administrators’ interpretations, competences, and attitudes.
Deep Reading and In-depth Learning in English Language Education
Authors: Bland Janice
Published: July 2022

This chapter focuses on the opportunities of deep reading for in-depth learning. By in-depth learning, not only deepening but also widening of English teaching is meant – embracing cross-curricular learning on subjects that are interdisciplinary and relevant for students’ out-of-school lives. The importance of connectedness for in-depth learning is discussed, and the how of deep reading is examined – both the physical aspect of reading – on paper as opposed to reading on screens, and a suggested structure for responding to texts in the classroom. I describe an example of in-depth learning using a framework for deep reading with The Sleeper and the Spindle (2014) by Neil Gaiman, illustrated by Chris Riddell, and incorporating other related texts such as different versions of fairy tales. With the deep reading framework, four interweaving steps suggest ways that students could be supported with unpuzzling, investigating, critically engaging with literary texts, and experimenting with creative response. The suggested activities include reciprocal teaching, exploring the multisensory nature of story, inferencing global issues such as gender, ageism, and ableism, activating agency through media literacy, and creative writing.
Integrating Migrant Children in Primary Education: An Educator Survey in Four European Countries
Authors: Burner Tony , Carlsen Christian
Published: July 2022

This chapter describes the findings of a survey focusing on migrant education of children conducted in four European countries. The survey was carried out as part of the interdisciplinary Erasmus Plus funded project OpenEYE (Open Education for Young Europeans through History, Art and Cultural Learning), with the aim of shedding light on the attitudes and perceived needs of educators (n = 255) working with children of migrant backgrounds relating to pedagogical challenges, learning priorities, institutional support, and desired training. The chapter begins with a description of the aims and participants in the project and an outline of approaches to migrant education in the four countries in question: Greece, Italy, Norway, and Slovenia. The second part of the chapter reports and discusses the findings from the needs survey, highlighting findings that are especially relevant for language teachers, teacher educators and other stakeholders working with multilingual and multicultural children. The findings indicate a need for appropriate further training opportunities for educators working with migrant children, especially concerning multilingualism and the learning potential of cultural expressions to aid integration and language development.
Exploring the Systematic Use of Intercultural Encounters in the English Classroom
Authors: Dypedahl Magne
Published: July 2022

This chapter presents a four-week intervention study in an upper secondary class that explores the systematic use and analysis of intercultural encounters in the English classroom. The overall purpose of the study is to provide some examples of activities in the language classroom that can lead to the development of intercultural competence in accordance with common interpretations of the concept of intercultural competence. The study thus aims to explore the extent to which teachers and students experienced that systematic analysis of intercultural encounters contributed to developing students’ intercultural competence, and to what extent students show progress in analyzing intercultural encounters. The encounters, or critical incidents, to be analyzed were presented in the form of written dialogues, written descriptions of critical incidents, YouTube clips and film excerpts. An important insight from the intervention study is that students can benefit from reflection tools when analyzing intercultural encounters in the classroom, which in turn can promote intercultural competence development as part of teaching practice.