bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La liberté de l’enseignement aux États-Unis : une inégale protection des droits et libertés
Authors: Chelini-Pont Blandine
Published: May 2024

La liberté de l’enseignement aux États-Unis doit être replacée dans le contexte bien spécifique d’un système fédéré de l’éducation publique où l’absence d’une éducation nationale est corrélée à l’absence de mention, dans la Constitution fédérale, d’un droit à l’éducation garanti par l’État. La liberté éducative des parents – découlant de leur autorité parentale – a pu se déployer comme un rempart constitutionnel pour forger une solide liberté de l’enseignement, cependant que la clause de libre-exercice du Premier amendement fédéral (concernant la liberté religieuse) a trouvé une application remarquable dans le domaine éducatif, exerçant son influence libérale sur tout le territoire national.
Financement public d’écoles privées, enseignement de la religion et neutralité des écoles publiques en droit espagnol
Authors: Rodríguez Blanco Miguel
Published: May 2024

Cet article décrit la portée des réformes du système éducatif espagnol adoptées entre 2013 et 2020. Il expose également les recours en inconstitutionnalité introduits à leur encontre et les réponses de la Cour constitutionnelle. L’étude montre la polarisation qui existe en la matière et les profondes divergences sur des questions étroitement liées au droit à la liberté religieuse, telles que l’enseignement de la religion à l’école, la neutralité idéologique des écoles publiques, l’éducation aux valeurs et le financement public des écoles privées.
Shaping Style
Authors: Karimkhan Faren
Published: May 2024

In this chapter, the authors explore the distinctions between social media influencers and traditional celebrities in fashion and beauty. Next, they discuss the significance of perceived similarity, identification between social media influencers and their audience, and authenticity for fashion and beauty influencers' success. Finally, they examine the evolving landscape, current trends, and the anticipated trajectory of the fashion and cosmetic industries. Generally, the fashion and cosmetic industries share many characteristics and accept influence from one another. Therefore, it would be beneficial to examine these two industries together.
Exploring Motivations of Social Media Influencers in Content Production
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the underlying motivations that propel the creation of content by social media influencers. Social media influencers have emerged as individuals of considerable power, capable of moulding consumer sentiments, affecting brand interactions, and exerting influence. A comprehensive comprehension of the motivations of influencers is imperative for businesses and marketers aiming to establish fruitful collaborations with them. It analyzes the various motivations that drive influencers to generate content. These motivations encompass personal enthusiasm, monetary rewards, the aspiration for recognition, and the quest for originality. This study examines how these incentives affect the authenticity and calibre of influencer-generated content and analyzes the ramifications for strategic business communication. Through case studies and discussions, this chapter illuminates the intricacies of influencer motivations and provides valuable perspectives for organizations seeking to establish fruitful collaborations with influencers.
Influencers' Perception of Personal Branding on Social Media in Vietnam
Authors: Ly-Le Tuong-Minh , Hoang Truc Ngoc
Published: May 2024

This research aims to explore influencers' perceptions of personal branding on social media in Vietnam and examine the factors that shape their understanding and practices. The study employs in-depth interview method. Thirteen influencers were interviewed to gather their perspectives and insights on personal branding. Research findings indicate that influencers in Vietnam perceive social trends as influential in shaping their personal branding strategies. They prioritize staying updated and adapting their content and image to match the expectations and needs of their target audience. Additionally, influencers recognize the significance of showcasing their expertise and maintaining authenticity in building their personal brand. The findings provide practical guidance for influencers and practitioners in building effective personal brands on social media. They highlight the need for influencers to stay updated with social trends, leverage expertise, express authenticity, utilize technology, and consider public reception. This research contributes to the specific context of Vietnam, shedding light on the perception of personal branding among influencers in this cultural setting. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the influencers' practices and offer practical implications that can inform personal branding strategies on social media in Vietnam.
Influencers Using Instagram to Promote Change in the Knitting Community
Authors: Farwell Tricia M.
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the online discussions and resulting changes in an online crafting community on Instagram. Using Kelman's framework of attitude change, this study of qualitative textual analysis looked at how micro-influencers in the fiber crafting community identified a problem and advocated for changes within the community. The use of the social media platform allowed for marginalized voices to share their lived experiences in their own words, unfiltered by mainstream media. The resulting discussion caused a shift in the community to create a safe space for marginalized voices to express their lived experiences and gain support from allies. The findings in this study show how micro-influencers created a narrative on Instagram and provided motivation for others to internalize change.
Investigating the Impact of Influencer Wishful Identification and Parasocial Relationships on Purchasing Behavior
Authors: Mercado Trinidee , Zhang Ruonan
Published: May 2024

Influencers are a powerful tool in the worlds of communication and marketing. The relationships that influencers build with audiences can affect consumer behaviors as can the brand that they create. Both the audience's perception of a relationship with the influencer as well as the audience's desire to be like the influencer can impact consumer purchasing behaviors. The purpose of this study is to explore how wishful identification and parasocial relationships serve as mediating factors in influencer impact on audience consumer behavior outcomes. This purpose is addressed via a quantitative survey (n = 948) in collaboration with a YouTube influencer disseminated to her audience. Results show that viewers' reported income, interactions with influencers, and parasocial relationships all have a positive impact on predicting participants' purchase behavior of influencer-recommended products. The findings contribute to an in-depth understanding of how wishful identification serves as a mediating variable between parasocial relationships and consumer purchasing behaviors in audiences.
Microheterogeneity in the Kinetics and Sex-Specific Response to Type I IFN
Authors: Gal-Oz Shani T , Baysoy Alev , Vijaykumar Brinda , Mostafavi Sara , Benoist Christophe , Shay Tal ,   Immunological Genome Project
Published: May 2024

The response to type I IFNs involves the rapid induction of prototypical IFN signature genes (ISGs). It is not known whether the tightly controlled ISG expression observed at the cell population level correctly represents the coherent responses of individual cells or whether it masks some heterogeneity in gene modules and/or responding cells. We performed a time-resolved single-cell analysis of the first 3 h after in vivo IFN stimulation in macrophages and CD4+ T and B lymphocytes from mice. All ISGs were generally induced in concert, with no clear cluster of faster- or slower-responding ISGs. Response kinetics differed between cell types: mostly homogeneous for macrophages, but with far more kinetic diversity among B and T lymphocytes, which included a distinct subset of nonresponsive cells. Velocity analysis confirmed the differences between macrophages in which the response progressed throughout the full 3 h, versus B and T lymphocytes in which it was rapidly curtailed by negative feedback and revealed differences in transcription rates between the lineages. In all cell types, female cells responded faster than their male counterparts. The ISG response thus seems to proceed as a homogeneous gene block, but with kinetics that vary between immune cell types and with sex differences that might underlie differential outcomes of viral infections.
Solitary Peutz–Jeghers Type Hamartoma in a Nigerian
Authors: Oluyemi Aderemi O. , Odeghe Emuobor A. , Awolola Nicholas A.
Published: May 2024

Background:

We report a case of solitary Peutz–Jeghers (P-J) type hamartomatous polyp in the sigmoid colon of an asymptomatic Nigerian without other diagnostic criteria for full-blown P-J syndrome.

Case Report:

During colonoscopy for a 58-year-old man, a solitary, pedunculated polyp was seen in the sigmoid colon. Histopathological examination of the endoscopically resected mass revealed the classical features of P-J type hamartoma. A search for lentigines on the skin or mucous buccal membranes was negative. There is no family history of such findings.

Conclusion:

The case here presented is truly rare as a review of the scientific literature appears, to the best of our knowledge, not to contain such a unique presentation from our locality nor indeed from among Black Africans. We conducted a review of the literature and wished to highlight the evolving concept that solitary P-J polyps be considered a distinct disease entity when it appears in the absence of other features of the syndrome complex.
Anesthetic Management of a Patient Presenting with Huge Neck Lymphatic Cyst
Authors: Santha Neeta , Dhamotharan Preethi , Osmani Sheikh Gulam
Published: May 2024

Lymphatic cyst in the cervical region presents a great challenge to the anesthesiologist. The anesthetic difficulties are because of the extension of the cyst, difficult airway, postoperative respiratory obstruction, and coexisting anomalies. The management of such patients depends on direct communication between the surgeon and anesthesiologist. We hereby present a case of a 53-year-old male presenting with lymphatic cyst of the cervicothoracic region with dysphagia and dyspnea, posted for direct laryngoscopy and biopsy under general anesthesia. Awake fiberoptic intubation was done in this patient successfully in spite of totally distorted airway anatomy.
Body Mass Index and Its Association with Various Features of Migraine
Authors: Aljaafari Danah , Ishaque Noman , Al-Shabeeb Ghadeer , Alalwi Sukainah , Albakr Aishah , Basheir Osama , Alyoubi Reem A , Alkhamis Fahd , Alabdali Majed
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Migraine is a highly prevalent condition, and prevalence of obesity is also increasing. Results of studies addressing association of body mass index (BMI) with migraine and its features are conflicting. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to assess association between BMI and various migraine features.

Methods:

This study was conducted in the Headache Clinic of King Fahd Hospital of University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Interviews were conducted by three consultant neurologists. Migraine was defined according to the International Headache Society and BMI was calculated as weight (kilograms)/height (m2).

Results:

Of total of 121 patients, 79% were female. Almost 87.6% of patients were taking prophylactic medications. Majority of patients had attack for more than 24 h (60.3%), pulsating character (81%), moderate-to-severe intensity (92.6%), associated with nausea and/or vomiting (75.2%), and photophobia/phonophobia (91.7%). About 29.8% of patients were normal weight, 28.1% were overweight, and 39.7% were obese and morbidly obese. There was insignificant association between various categories of BMI and features of migraine, that is, unilateral location (P = 0.385), pulsating character (P = 0.571), moderate-to-severe intensity (P = 0.187), nausea and/or vomiting (P = 0.582), and photophobia and/or phonophobia (P = 0.444).

Conclusion:

In our study, we did not find an association between BMI and various features of migraine.
Esike's Three-Brace Suture Technique for Controlling Life-threatening Postpartum Hemorrhage – A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Esike Chidi Ochu Uzoma
Published: May 2024

Postpartum hemorrhage is a great cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide with these effects being worse in developing countries. Uterine atony is the commonest cause. Esike's three brace suture technique is a novel simple but effective method that was used to successfully control life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony in two women with the preservation of their uterus. Vicryl or chromic catgut 2 was used to apply compression sutures on the atonic uterus. This simple, effective, less invasive, easy to learn uterine-sparing technique is presented for further evaluation and possible wider use in saving the lives of our PPH patients and sparing their uteri.
Evaluation of fracture resistance of radicular dentin treated with nanochitosan-loaded calcium hydroxide and nanographene-loaded calcium hydroxide, when used as intracanal medicament: An in vitro study
Authors: Grover Srishti , Mala Kundabala , Mutalik Srinivas , Ginjupalli Kishore , Natarajan Srikant
Published: May 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of using calcium hydroxide (CH) loaded with nanochitosan and nanographene on radicular dentin fracture resistance.

Methods:

A total of 40 mandibular premolar root canals were instrumented with the ProTaper rotary system. The fracture resistance of radicular dentin was measured with the universal testing machine, following which intracanal medicament was placed for 10 days. CH alone and CH mixed with nanoparticles of chitosan and graphene were used. Not using any intracanal medicament was used as the control. A one-way ANOVA, followed by the post hoc Tukey’s test, was used to compare the results of different groups.

Results:

The highest mean for the force at compressive stress was seen in the control group, and the least was recorded by CH. Intergroup comparison for Young’s modulus showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the control group and CH (P = 0.002); CH and chitosan + CH (P = 0.003) on post hoc analysis.

Conclusion:

Incorporation of chitosan and graphene nanoparticles in CH when used as intracanal medicament improves the modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of radicular dentin, which in turn improves dentin elasticity and fracture toughness when compared to CH alone.
A cross-sectional study to evaluate factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma
Authors: Meena Manoj , Rajawat Govind Singh , Arora Piyush , Koolwal Suresh , Sakkarwal Hemant Kumar , Singh Aashish Kumar
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Various triggers, lack of knowledge about the disease, and unawareness about the correct inhalation techniques lead to poor control of the disease. This study aimed to study the factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma using the asthma control test (ACT) and explore other ways to improve asthma control.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

One hundred and eighty diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, >18 years were enrolled for the study in an outpatient setting. The level of asthma control was assessed using the self-administered ACT. Factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma were evaluated using a questionnaire based on GINA guidelines.

RESULTS:

Our study noted that in the majority (66.11%) of patients, asthma was poorly controlled followed by well-controlled (24.44%). Asthma was perfectly controlled in only 9.44% of patients. The mean value of the ACT score of study subjects was 17.5 ± 4.16 with a median (25th–75th percentile) of 17 (15–20) within the range of 7–25. Smoking (P < 0.0001), poor education about asthma (P < 0.0001), social stigma regarding inhaler use (P < 0.0001), wrong inhalation techniques (P < 0.0001), environmental triggers (P < 0.0001), associated comorbidities (P = 0.005), poor adherence to treatment (P < 0.0001), inappropriate therapy (P < 0.0001), and frequent hospitalizations (P = 0.006) were the factors responsible for uncontrolled asthma.

CONCLUSION:

The present study identified various factors responsible for the high prevalence of asthma in an outpatient clinical setting. Common risk factors that contribute to poor asthma control were assessed in a comprehensive manner.
Common but Missed Errors in Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Sreelakshmi R. , Ashok Ashwin David , Unes Yaseen , Basanth Anjana
Published: May 2024

Blood glucose (BG) monitoring has become an inevitable part of diabetes management. It aids both people with diabetes and health-care professionals in understanding the influence of factors including diet, exercise, and medications on BG levels. The information is also vital to guide timely decision-making on a diabetes care plan to prevent or delay complications of diabetes. While choosing glucose meters for BG monitoring, the accuracy of the meter of choice should be of prime concern, as any compromise in the meter’s accuracy can lead to serious adversity. Several factors contribute to erroneous or inaccurate BG measurements, including patient-centered, physiological, environmental, and medication factors. The review shed insights into the factors that influence the accuracy of glycemic monitoring.
Impact of Telenursing on Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index of People with Prehypertension
Authors: Sadeghi-Gandomani Habib , Habibi Zahra , Eghbali-Babadi Maryam , Khosravi Alireza
Published: May 2024

Background:

Prehypertension is an important global health challenge. This study determines the effect of telenursing on Blood Pressure (BP) and Body Mass Index (BMI) in patients with prehypertension.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized controlled clinical trial study included 81 patients with prehypertension discharged from an emergency room at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Iran) in 2016. Participants joined a session about hypertension, risk factors, and lifestyle modification to reduce its risk. Using a random number table, 41 subjects were assigned to the experimental group and 40 subjects to the control group. Only the experimental group received four SMS messages each week and a 10–15 min phone call once a month to help them change their lifestyle and reinforce their health behaviors. Eventually, patients' information was collected, and the data were analyzed using independent t, paired t, and Chi-square tests.

Results:

The experimental group after the intervention had a significantly lower mean (Standard Deviation [SD]) of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (from 126.67 [5.15] to 119.21 [5.72] [t
40 = 8.40, p < 0.001]) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) [from 85.28 (2.29) to 78.79 (4.16) (t
40 = 10.02, p < 0.001)]. However, the same means were not significantly different in the control group [SBP (p = 0.116) and DBP (p = 0.096)]. The mean (SD) of changes between BMI before and after the intervention was -0.75 (0.66) in the experimental and 0.042 (0.41) in the control group, which was significantly different between the two groups (t
79= –6.44, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Telenursing can have potential benefits to maintain BP within the normal range and reduce BMI in patients with prehypertension.
Comparing the Relationship between Iranian Clinical Educators' Teaching Behaviors and Undergraduate Nursing Students' Professional Behaviors
Authors: Shafig Ali , Pourteimour Sima , Mazloumi Azra
Published: May 2024

Background:

The effectiveness and efficacy of teaching behaviors by clinical educators need to be determined and applied in caring environments, wherein students' seminal Professional Behaviors (PBs) are being shaped. Here, we endeavor to compare the relationship between Iranian clinical educators' teaching behaviors and undergraduate nursing students' PBs.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 189 students enrolled in the second, third, and fourth academic years at Urmia University of Medical Science in 2019. The instruments were the Nursing Students' PBs Scale (NSPBS) and the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlations test and linear regression model.

Results:

A significant positive correlation between the NSPB and NCTE in the fourth year (r = 0.42, p = 0.001) was about twice as much as the second (r = 0.28, p = 0.017) and third ones (r = 0.28, p = 0.033). Nursing competency, teaching skills, and communication domains were respectively the most effective ones related to the second- (r = 0.35, p = 0.003), third- (r = 0.32, p = 0.015), and fourth-year NSPBs (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Teaching skills and nursing competency domains had the lowest significant relationships with the second- (r = 0.25, p = 0.034) third- (r = 0.30, p = 0.023) and fourth-year NSPBs (r = 0.35, p = 0,006), respectively.

Conclusions:

The comparison between the two mentioned variables in the academic year can provide appropriate information about potential problems of clinical education to develop clinical facilitation models.
The Effect of a Spiritual Care Program on the Self-Esteem of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Karimi Roya , Mousavizadeh Ruhollah , Mohammadirizi Shahla , Bahrami Masoud
Published: May 2024

Background:

Despite the importance of self-esteem in cancer patients and the potential role of spiritual care programs in its promotion, no interventional study was found in this field in Iran. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of a spiritual care program on the self-esteem of patients with various types of cancer.

Materials and Methods:

This study was quasi-experimental with two groups using a before and after design which was conducted in 2019 in a selected hospital in Isfahan, Iran. A convenience sample of 64 patients randomly assigned into the experimental (n = 32) and the control group (n = 32). Data collection was conducted through a two-part questionnaire including Demographic characteristics and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI). The spiritual care program consisted of six sessions based on four domains including individuals' relationship with God, themselves, others, and with the environment. To analyze the data, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, and paired t test were performed.

Results:

The total self-esteem mean score and its domains were not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, after conducting the intervention, the total self-esteem mean score and its domains were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The spiritual care program used in this study was effective in promoting the self-esteem of patients with cancer. It is suggested that similar studies are conducted to provide fertile grounds for using such programs in the oncology clinical area.
Effect of Home Care Program on Re-hospitalization in Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Shabani Fidan , Maleki Majid , Noohi Feridoun , Taghavi Sepideh , Khalili Yasaman , Shahboulaghi Farahnaz Mohammadi , Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , Amin Ahmad , Nakhaei Zahra , Naderi Nasim
Published: May 2024

Background:

Heart failure is the leading cause of readmission in all medical and surgical patients. Home care studies have reduced hospitalization in heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of home care program on readmission in advanced heart failure.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a randomized clinical trial conducted at the Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center from September 2017 to March 2018. Ninety-eight patients with advanced heart failure were selected using census method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, the home care program was implemented for 6 months. The date and frequency of hospitalization were recorded during 30, 90, and 180 days before and after the home care program. The quantitative data analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon's signed-rank tests and qualitative data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test.

Results:

The number of hospitalization and length of hospital stay 30, 90, and 180 days after implementation of the home care program in the experimental group was significantly less than the control group (p < 0.001). The number of hospitalizations and length of stay in the experimental group decreased significantly after the program (p < 0.001). In the control group, 90 days after the intervention, the number of hospitalizations (p = 0.013) and length of stay increased significantly (p < 0.001), and 180 days after the intervention, increased significantly (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The implementation of a designed home care program reduces readmission and the length of hospital stay in advanced heart failure.
The Safe Coping Strategy of Nurses Working in the Care Units of Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ebrahimi Amrollah , Khorasani Parvaneh , Ahmadi Mahnaz , Andalib Sima , Mousavi Seyed Mohamad Hossein
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nurses are in direct contact with patients with COVID-19 and have faced much tension with the rapid spread of coronavirus. This study aimed to explore the safe coping strategies of nurses when facing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

In this qualitative study, data were collected from September 20 to December 20, 2020, in Isfahan (Iran) through individual semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses working in the five referral centers for patients with COVID-19. Informants were selected via purposeful sampling and interviewed in one or several sessions at the appropriate time and place. The interviews continued until data saturation. All interviews continued until no new data were added to the continuous content analysis. Data analysis was performed using conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman’s approach. We used Guba and Lincoln’s criteria (including credibility, transferability, conformability, and dependability) to guarantee trustworthiness and rigor.

Results:

Safe coping strategies for nurses were discovered in two categories of “wise liberation” and “care,” and six subcategories. “Wise liberation” consisted of four subcategories: “living in the moment,” “accepting the inner and outer world,” “life enrichment,” and “building opportunities.” “Care” contained two subcategories: “caring for others” and “caring for oneself.”

Conclusions:

Discovering safe coping strategies for nurses could set the stage for special educational–therapeutic interventions so they can better understand their experiences and take advantage of the best coping strategies.
Adaptation of Practice Guidelines to Prevent Functional Decline in Hospitalized Elderly in Iran
Authors: Karimi Akram , Keshvari Mahrokh , Moghimian Maryam
Published: May 2024

Background:

In Iran, many efforts have been made to improve the Quality of Life (QOL) of the elderly; however, despite the efforts made, there is no practice guideline based on the consensus of experts that can be used to prevent the functional decline of hospitalized elderly. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of adaptation of a practice guideline to prevent the functional decline of hospitalized elderly.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a developmental study based on the adaptation steps of the practice guideline. First, a search was conducted in 8 databases. The only practice guideline that met the inclusion criteria was then evaluated by the research team using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool. After content analysis of this guideline, the recommendations were categorized in the Canadian Senior Friendly Care (sfCare) Framework and according to the community conditions. Relevant evidence was used to supplement the content. The draft practice guideline was evaluated and modified in two expert panels through the RAND technique.

Results:

The categorized recommendations were developed in the eight chapters of introduction to the prevention of functional decline of the elderly, general practice guideline, organizational support, care processes, physical ecology, emotional and behavioral environment, ethics in care, and evaluation of function.

Conclusions:

To prevent functional decline in hospitalized elderly individuals according to the adaptive practice guideline, the hospital and health team need to be aware of support, care processes, and effective function appraisal to be able to provide care with coherent and coordinated solutions.
Essential Criteria for Designing Healthy Maternity Wear
Authors: Shamsaei Aida , Kazemi Ashraf , Enteshary-Najafabadi Hajar , Borujeni Nasrin Khosropour
Published: May 2024

Background:

During pregnancy, because of unique changes in the body, pregnant women need access to clothes that meet their biological needs and inspire a positive attitude toward the body. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the essential criteria for healthy designing maternity clothing.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted as a narrative review. Searches were performed in MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, ERIC, and ProQuest databases for the documents written between 2000 and 2021 regardless of the research methodology and the employed tools.

Results:

The results of this study were presented in three areas including women's expectations of maternity dress design, psycho-social effects of maternity wear, and maternal clothing designs.

Conclusions:

The results of this study expand the knowledge of healthy maternity wear designers and, consequently, show that maternity clothing should hold three characteristics, adaptability, comfort, and stylishness, and meanwhile minimize the protrusion of enlarged areas of the body.
Barriers to the Development of Clinical Reasoning Skills Among Coronary Care Nurses
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Touba , Tabrizi Kian Norouzi , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Khankeh Hamidreza , Shokooh Forozan
Published: May 2024

Background:

Clinical Reasoning (CR) is a main professional competency for nurses which have significant contribution to sound clinical performance in critical clinical conditions. Nonetheless, evidence shows that nurses do not have the necessary competencies and thinking skills for managing complex conditions in critical care units. This study aimed at exploring the barriers to the development of CR skills among coronary care nurses.

Materials and Methods:

Using conventional content analysis, this qualitative study was conducted in 2020 in the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) of Heshmat Subspecialty Heart Center in Rasht, Iran. Participants were 15 nurses, head nurses, nursing supervisors, nursing managers, and nursing instructors. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using conventional content analysis.

Results:

The four main categories of the barriers to CR skill development among nurses were limited professional development, inefficient educational program, ineffective professional interactions, and limited professional self-efficacy.

Conclusion:

There are different personal, educational, professional, and interprofessional barriers to the development of CR skills among CCU nurses. Study findings can be used to develop effective strategies for supporting and developing nurses' CR skills.
The Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique on Fatigue among Women with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ghaderi Zeinab , Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid
Published: May 2024

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) on the severity of fatigue among women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Materials and Methods:

This was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial study conducted on 50 women with MS in Isfahan, Iran. Sampling was performed using simple sampling method, then the participants were randomly divided into two groups of case and sham using the minimization method. The EFT intervention was performed on the case group, 2 sessions per week for a 4-weeks period. In the sham group, with the same psychological part of the EFT technique like case group, mild tapping was applied on false points for the same period of time. Fatigue severity score was obtained using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) before and immediately and 4 weeks after the intervention in the two groups. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results:

The results of the independent t-test indicated that the mean (SD) score of fatigue severity before the intervention was not significantly different between the case and sham groups 5.48 (0.75) and (5.39 (0.71) with (p = 0.67). However, this difference was significant immediately [(3.05 (0.89) and 5.15 (0.94)] and 4 weeks after the intervention 3.10 (0.81) and 5.59 (0.57) (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

It seems that EFT is effective in diminishing fatigue among patients with MS and is recommended as a convenient and safe non-medicament strategy for self-management of fatigue among these patients, and can be used at the bedside by nurses.
The Effect of Peer Teaching on the Quality of Report Writing Based on the Nursing Process
Authors: Khodadadi Azam , Froutan Razieh , Salehian Maryam , Mazlom Seyed Reza
Published: May 2024

Background:

Considering the importance of report writing and its problems, different teaching methods can be used to improve nurses' knowledge and performance, among which is peer teaching. This study aimed to determine the effect of peer teaching on the quality of report writing based on the nursing process.

Materials and Methods:

This quasi-experimental study examined 60 nurses working in the surgical and cardiac wards of Razavi Hospital in Mashhad during 2019. These wards randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. For 2 weeks, report writing teaching was implemented for the intervention group based on the nursing process through peer teaching. The control group routinely performed report writing. At the beginning and end of the study, we reviewed nursing reports of both groups using a valid and reliable checklist. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results:

Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of scores of report writing quality in structure, content dimensions, and the total scores (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score changes were significantly higher in the structure (Mean Difference (MD) = 4.99, 95%CI: 1. 26–8.72, p < 0.010), content (MD = 8.11, 95%CI: 4.91–11.31, p < 0.001), and the total quality of report writing (MD = 7.54, CI: 4.56–10.53, p < 0.010) in the intervention group than the control group.

Conclusions:

Peer teaching improved the nurses' quality of report writing. The teaching planners are recommended to use this method to train nursing staff.
Assessment of the Complications of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter in Neonates Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Moradi Raheleh , Shariat Mamak , Farrokhzad Nahid , Abroon Ameneh , Kafi Soheila , Hamidpoor Azadeh , Hassani Elaheh , Charousaei Hasti , Nayeri Fatemeh Sadat
Published: May 2024

Background:

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC), which is inserted through peripheral veins into the superior or inferior vena cava, is used to inject medications or parenteral nutrition in neonates with long-term hospitalization in the intensive care unit. In this study, we assessed the complications of PICC in neonates admitted to the intensive care unit in hospital.

Materials and Methods:

In the present retrospective cohort, neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Valiasr Hospital during 2015-2018 had been divided into two groups with PICC and without it. Data included the occurrence of septicemia, tachycardia, perforation of large veins, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac tamponade, pericardial effusion, catheter site necrosis, hemorrhage, anemia, pleural effusion, ascites, phlebitis of catheter track and neonatal death, which were collected, using the comprehensive neonatal registry of Valiasr Hospital. Data analysis was performed with regression, mantel-haenszel and independent t-test.

Results:

Data from 174 neonates with PICC were compared to 207 infants with classic IV-Line. In the exposure group, the gestational age and birth weight were lower. Based on the results of the double logistic regression test, septicemia and hemorrhage in the injection site, independent of other variables, were related to the use of PICC and the risk of septicemia or hemorrhage in the injection site was significantly reduced if PCIC was used (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Using the PICC as a therapeutic procedure in hospitalized neonates in the NICU is a safe method. By improving its replacement skills among physicians and nurses, its side effects are minor and negligible.
Exploring the Emotional Concerns of Oncology Nurses
Authors: Moghadam Mahdieh Poodineh , Nasiri Ahmad , Mahmoudirad Gholamhossein
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nursing care for patients with cancer is related to the nurses' ability to manage their emotions and having appropriate behaviors in the clinical setting. Oncology nurses are emotionally influenced by their communication with cancer patients. Thus, this qualitative study was conducted to explore nurses' emotional concerns in oncology wards.

Materials and Methods:

This qualitative content analysis was performed among 14 oncology nurses in the oncology wards of cancer hospitals in the east and southeast of Iran (South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces). The study participants were selected through purposeful sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached from January to September 2020. The interviews were analyzed after being typed word by word, based on Graneheim and Lundman (2004).

Results:

The themes and subthemes that emerged from the data were related to the emotional concerns of oncology nurses. The main themes included emotional involvement and attachment (feeling of frustration in nurses, nurses' suffering from painful experiences, and nurses' emotional dependence), emotional ambiguity (nurses' uncertainty emotions, avoidance of expressing real emotions, and having a positive mindset to maintain the patient's positive mood), and emotional exhaustion (persistent chronic stress, excessive worrying about possible harms, and feelings of mental and physical exhaustion).

Conclusions:

Based on the study results, cancer patient nursing care can be distressing and stressful for nurses. Oncology nurses have many emotional concerns in caring for cancer patients. The experiences of oncology nurses provide new insight into how to manage their emotional concerns.
Experiences of Nurses in Caring for Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Behbahani Marjan Aboudzadeh , Masoumy Masoumeh , Khosravi Ali , Bahrami Masoud
Published: May 2024

Background:

The Covid-19 disease was raised as a fundamental public health problem worldwide, and nurses were exposed to many problems and challenges at the front line of fighting this disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the experiences of nurses who took care of Covid-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a conventional content analysis qualitative study using Granheim and Lundman approach. The study participants included 20 nurses working in Corona referral hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were selected using purposive sampling and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted from September 2020 to March 2021. To assess the trustworthiness of the obtained data, credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability criteria were used.

Results:

Data analysis led to the production of 700 primary codes, 15 sub-sub-categories, 5 sub-categories and 2 main categories. These two main categories consisted ofpsychological reactions and organizational challenges. Negative emotional experiences and positive emotional experiences were placed in the category of psychological reactions and expectations from superiors, lack of facilities and resources and insufficient quality of care in the category of organizational challenges.

Conclusions:

The results of the present study showed that managers and policy- makers should prioritize the nursing empowerment to ensure effective epidemic fight and the psychological and financial support of Covid-19 ward nurses.
Women's and Care Providers’ Perspectives of Quality Preconception Care
Authors: Sardasht Fatemeh Ghaffari , Motaghi Zahra , Keramat Afsaneh , Shariati Mohammad , Akbari Nahid
Published: May 2024

Background:

A growing body of evidence is showing that Preconception Care (PCC) can increase the health and well-being of women and couples and improve subsequent pregnancy and child health outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the quality of preconception care from women's and care providers’ perspectives.

Materials and Methods:

This qualitative study was conducted in 2020 using conventional content analysis approach. Face to face Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 reproductive age women and 12 midwives recruited from urban health centers across Shahroud, Iran. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results:

Three major themes based on Donabedian's model emerged during data analysis: structure, process and outcome of care. Midwives and women's experiences of quality of preconception care included problems in organizing care, poor education performance of personnel and low-sensitivity about importance of preconception care in women.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest key considerations for the organizing and delivery of preconception care. Most especially, it seems necessary to adopt appropriate strategies to improve public awareness about the importance of pre-pregnancy care.
Self-Care Needs in the Domains of Knowledge, Attitude and Performance of Adolescent Girls with Regard to Drug Addiction and Risky Sexual Behaviors in Iran
Authors: Bagheri Zahra , Boroumandfar Zahra , Shirazi Maryam
Published: May 2024

Background:

Knowing about sexual issues and substance abuse is crucial for girls in preventing high-risk behaviors in the medical, social, cultural, and evolutional levels. The aim of this study was to determine the self-care needs of adolescent girls in the domains of knowledge, attitude, and performance with regard to drug use and risky sexual behaviors.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the secondary schools located in the third district of Isfahan. Data were collected from 384 female students by systematic random sampling on 2019, and using a four-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics and self-care needs (knowledge, attitude and performance), drug addiction and unsafe sexual behaviors were measured and then were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

According to the adolescents, “familiarity with infectious diseases caused by drug addiction”, “alcohol consumption, drugs and smoking as a way of forgetting problems” and “learning the skills of excitement control,” were their first self-care priorities in terms of awareness, attitude, and performance, respectively. Additionally, “understanding the social and mental effects of relationships with the other sex”, “separating the children's bedrooms from that of parents” and “ways of caring for personal hygiene in menstruation period and travel time” were considered as their first self-care priorities in terms of knowledge, attitude, and performance with regard to sexual behaviors, respectively.

Conclusions:

Based on the results, more effective interventions to protect the adolescents from being involved in substance use and sexual harmful behaviors are recommended through the training of self-care needs in adolescents.
Comparison of the effects of Date Syrup with Saffron-Honey Syrup on the Progress of Labor in Nulliparous Women
Authors: Sohrabi Hana , Shamsalizadeh Neda , Moradpoor Farhad , Shahoei Roonak
Published: May 2024

Background:

Assessing the progress of labor is a primary step in intrapartum care. This study was performed to assess comparison of the effects of date syrup with saffron–honey syrup on the progress of labor in nulliparous women.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized single-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 189 women who were referred to Bea'sat Hospital of Sanandaj from October 2019 to March 2020. Patients were randomly divided into three groups saffron–honey syrup, date syrup, and placebo syrup each including 63 cases. Each participant in the intervention and control groups received a maximum volume of 150 ml of saffron–honey syrup, date syrup, or placebo syrup. The syrups were given at the 4 cm dilation, and every 30–60 min until the end of the active phase of the first stage of labor. Data collection tools included a two-part questionnaire and a partograph form. The results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24 using Chi-squared test, analysis of variance, and last significant difference as a post hoc test, the significance level was set at 0.05.

Results:

The duration of the active phases of the first (F
2 = 92.70, p < 0.01), second (F
2 = 66.76, p < 0.01), and third (F
2 = 12.34, p < 0.01) stages of labor was shorter in the date syrup and saffron–honey syrup groups than in the control group (p < 0.01). Additionally, both experimental groups exhibited no significant difference in terms of duration between the first (p = 0.312), second (p = 0.724), and third (p = 0.911) stages of labor.

Conclusions:

Date syrup and saffron–honey syrup can be used as one of the safe and available herbal methods to facilitate labor.
The Effect of Scenario-Based Learning on the Performance of Nurses Regarding Delirium in Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Units
Authors: Jahanbazi Ahmad , Jokar Fariba , Kheirollahi Narges
Published: May 2024

Background:

Delirium is one of the most common complications of cardiac surgery, and only a small percentage of nurses are able to diagnose and manage it. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Scenario-Based Learning (SBL) on the performance of nurses in the management of delirium in Cardiovascular Intensive Care Units (CICUs).

Materials and Methods:

A quasi-experimental research with a pretest-post-test design was conducted on 36 nurses of the cardiac surgery ICUs of Isfahan′s therapeutic-educational center from October 2019 to January 2020. The SBL↱ was held in the form of a 2-day workshop. The study data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, researcher-made knowledge questionnaire, and performance checklist. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (repeated measures one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and Fisher′s Least Significant Difference (LSD post hoc test).

Results:

The mean score of performance of nurses differed significantly different between the three study stages (before the intervention, immediately, and 3 weeks after the intervention) (F2,30 = 139.41; p < 0.001). LSD post hoc test showed that the mean score of performance was significantly higher immediately after the training program compared to before the intervention and 3 weeks after the SBL (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that SBL↱ improved the delirium care performance levels of nurses in the cardiac surgery ICU. Thus, it is recommended that SBL be used as a method for training nurses.