bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF AUTONOMIC AND RESPIRATORY IMPAIRMENTS IN CERVICAL COMPRESSIVE MYELOPATHY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Aurangabad., Saba Anjum Khan , Rankhamb Sangita ,   Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Aurangabad.
Published: June 2024

Background: Cervical myelopathies are progressive conditions caused by chronic compression of the spinal cord due to degenerative changes or other structural factors. While motor impairments are the predominant symptoms, disruption of autonomic and respiratory pathways in the spinal cord can lead to dysfunction in these systems as well. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the evidence on autonomic and pulmonary dysfunction occurring in patients with cervical compressive myelopathies. Methods: We systematically searched major electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL for studies reporting on autonomic or pulmonary impairments in adults with degenerative cervical myelopathy, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, or other cervical compressive myelopathies. Screening, data extraction and quality assessments were conducted in duplicate. Findings were synthesized narratively. Results: 28 studies (n=1,642 patients) met eligibility criteria. Autonomic dysfunctions identified included abnormal heart rate variability parameters, altered sweating/temperature regulation, neurogenic bladder, and erectile dysfunction. The pooled prevalence of neurogenic bladder among 8 studies was 48% (95% CI 33-62%). For pulmonary dysfunction, diaphragmatic paralysis and respiratory failure requiring ventilator support was relatively uncommon (<10%) but sleep disordered breathing and decreased respiratory muscle strength were more prevalent (20-50% range). Both autonomic and pulmonary impairments correlated with increased myelopathy severity, particularly among patients with lesions involving the lower cervical cord. Conclusions: Autonomic and pulmonary deficits occur in a substantial subset of patients with cervical myelopathies, frequently correlating with lesion severity. Screening and management of these non-motor impairments is important for optimizing functional status and quality of life. Additional high-quality research on the epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical implications of these complications is needed.
PRELIMINARY PHYSICO CHEMICAL AND CHROMATOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF VASA ARKA (LEAF OF ADATHODA VASICA NEES) FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DOSAGE FORM FOR NEBULISATION
Authors:   Professor & HOD Department of Rasasastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College Ollur, Thaikkattussery Thrissur, Kerala 680322., Vargheese E.F , Balakrishnan Anjana ,   Final Year BAMS Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College Ollur, Thaikkattussery Thrissur, Kerala 680322.
Published: June 2024

In the present scenario where the number of people being affected with respiratory ailments is at high, a proper management technique with best effect and least side effects has become a necessity. A nebulizing agent is far more potent than an oral medicine due to its increased absorption as well as its assimilation rate. Vasa (Adathoda vasica Nees) is one of the best medicines used for respiratory illness in the science of Ayurveda. According to literature review it possesses swasa kasahara action. Researches have been conducted on this herbal medicine over respiratory ailments and showed positive results. But no information is obtained on the nebulization effect of Vasa. The present study aims to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of Vasa arka & Vasa swarasa and to analyse the chromatography profile of Vasa arka and Vasa swarasa. Through this research, an attempt is done to expand the potential possibilities of Vasa as a nebulizing agent. The Pharmaceutical study includes collection of genuine Vasa leaves followed by its pre- processing and finally conversion to the Vasa swarasa and Vasa arka. Physico-chemical analysis was carried out as per parameters mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.8. Preliminary phytochemical investigations were carried out by following standard procedure.However In the present study, the preliminary phytochemical analysis of the swarasa and arka of vasa revealed the presence of important antioxidant phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds. The study revealed that vasa is inherently having bronchodilatory action. Preparing arka of the same retained the volatile oil and active principles that were responsible for the bronchodilating action. The present study concluded that vasa arka are effective in the management of respiratory illness in the form of nebulizing agents.
Case in modern standard Arabic
Authors:   , Ghammaz Hamzah Saleh Theyab
Published: June 2024

This thesis provides a novel account of case checking in Modern Standard Arabic (henceforth MSA). It argues against the concept that nominative case in topic and comment structures is default. Default or inherent case is not related to case filter, nor is it assigned by any syntactic method. Some linguists claim that the default case in Arabic language is employed only when no case assigner is available. I argue, in light of the minimalist program (henceforth MP), that default (inherent) case is always a problem for syntactic theory and that the nominative case which the topic and comment sentences bear is valued by a functional head. The topic and comment constructions contain a predicational head (Pred)- a functional head, that is equivalent to vP which occurs in verbal constructions. The head of PredP is accountable for nominative case value on the topic and comment structures. This thesis also provides a novel paradigm regarding the clitics that appear at the end of verbs in MSA. This paradigm proves that these clitics are not agreement, tense, nor mood markers but rather Verbal Case markers and it provides a minimalist program account to explain case checking on verbs in MSA. Regarding sentence initial DP, and contra to the proposal that in SVO sentence initial DP is a subject, I have scrutinised the nature of this DP and provided enough evidence that it is a topic. Additionally, I have investigated the relationship between agreement asymmetry and the position of the subject in MSA from the minimalist feature inheritance account viewpoint. Mainly, I reviewed null pro hypothesis which proved to be redundant to account for the derivation of VSO or SVO word orders. I have also proved what were considered agreement markers are not agreement markers but resumptive pronouns. Finally, I proved that there is not agreement asymmetry in MSA. Agreement pattern in MSA results from the agree operation and it is achieved under Probe-Goal alignment; regardless of whether the Goal is raised up to Spec-TP or remains in situ (Spec-VP), the agreement is not supposed to change. This conclusion is in harmony with the principles of MP Agree Theory.
The mediating role of generational difference on the relationship between psychological capital, psychological empowerment, organisational support and the wellbeing of South African National Defence Force members
Authors:   , Selepe Babitsanang Annah
Published: June 2024

There is a growing concern in understanding the contribution of generational difference (as a mediating variable) and factors that increase soldiers' well-being. This study aimed to determine the relationship between Psychological Capital, Psychological Empowerment and Organisational Support, and well-being. Additionally, it proposes the generational differences as a potential mediating factor among these variables. The study was guided by a positivist philosophy and quantitative research method was employed. The sample for this research consisted of 777 members from both Internal deployed within borders of Free state and those going for external deployment at De-Brug. The results show most respondents were male (78.3%) and 21.7% female. Most respondents were categorised as Gen Y (between 1981 - 1996, 67.0%), followed by Gen X (1965 - 1980, 24.8%) and Gen Z (1997 - 2012, 8.2%). Most respondents were in the SA Army, followed by SAAF and SAMHS and the SA Navy. Spearman’s Correlation and ANOVA analyses were conducted to test the relationship between the variables. The results revealed significant relationships between the variables included in the empirical model. However, Well-being does not have a statistically significant correlation with the mediation variable, generation cohort. Similarly, generation cohorts (X, Y, Z) do not significantly correlate with the predictor variables, Perceived Organisational Support, Psychological Empowerment. However, there is a statistically significant small negative correlation between generation cohort (Age) and Psychological Capital. The multiple regression analysis exhibited a significant overall model fit, indicating that 30% of the variance in employee well-being was accounted for by the predictors. Thus, this research implicates that the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) would benefit from developing a culture and adopting policies as well as programmes that prioritises psychological well-being above physical prowess. For this reason, the present study is regarded as offering a potentially valuable contribution to the existing body of research in the positive psychology and reveals practical implications and applications within the military context. The study recommends that combat readiness requires prioritising mental health above physical strength. Policymakers should consider psychological factors like psychological capital and psychological 6 empowerment. Training programmes should include Psychological Capital and cognitive resilience. There should also be further research on positive psychology and troops' well-being. These factors can help improve peacekeeping and combat force readiness. Understanding generational variations' mediating effect can inform resilience and training programmes. Military organisations should cultivate confident, capable, and educated leaders to improve military proficiency.
Performance analysis of snail shell biomaterials in solar still for clean water production: nature-inspired innovation for sustainability
Authors: Dhivagar Ramasamy , Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Atamurotov Farruh , Kannan Kalimuthu Gopi , Opakhai Serikzhan , Omara Adil A. M.
Published: June 2024

In this current investigation, the experimental performance of a solar still basin was significantly enhanced by incorporating snail shell biomaterials. The outcomes of the snail shell-augmented solar still basin (SSSS) are compared with those of a conventional solar still (CSS). The utilization of snail shells proved to facilitate the reduction of saline water and enhance its temperature, thereby improving the productivity of the SSSS. Cumulatively, the SSSS productivity was improved by 4.3% over CSS. Furthermore, the SSSS outperformed in energy and exergy efficiency of CSS by 4.5 and 3.5%, respectively. Economically, the cost per liter of distillate (CPL) for the CSS was 3.4% higher than SSSS. Moreover, the SSSS showed a shorter estimated payback period (PBP) of 141 days which was 6 days less than CSS. Considering the environmental impact, the observed CO2 emissions from the SSSS were approximately 14.6% higher than CSS over its 10-year lifespan. Notably, the SSSS exhibited a substantial increase in the estimated carbon credit earned (CCE) compared to the CSS. Ultimately, the research underscores the efficacy of incorporating snail shells into solar still basins as a commendable approach to organic waste management, offering economic benefits without compromising environmental considerations.
PENGARUH PENGUJIAN KEKERASAN DAN PENGUJIAN TEKAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK GAYA TUMBUKAN PADA CANGKANG KENARI (CANARIUM INDICUM L)
Authors: Loppies Leslie S. , Patty Alexander A. , Pelasula Berthy , Lekatompessy Roy R. , Nanulaitta Nevada Mario
Published: June 2024

Kenari (Canarium indicum L) belongs to the Burseraceae family and is one of the endemic fruits in Indonesia, especially Maluku. Walnuts have a tough shell that encloses the flesh, to get the flesh without damaging it careful effort is needed. This study investigated the strength of walnut shells through mechanical testing to determine the amount of impact force needed to break the walnut shell. The mechanical test carried out is a compression test and impact test. The values of these tests assist in determining, measuring, and analyzing the minimum and maximum force loads required to crack a walnut shell. Tests were carried out on walnut shells from 6 different villages on Ambon Island and Saparua Island. The impact test where the highest impact absorption energy value was found in walnut shells from Booi Village, namely 23.18 J/mm2, and the lowest in walnut shells from Morela Village, 22.40 J/mm2. In the compression test where the lowest value was found in walnut shells from Morela village with a value of 3.61 MPa while the highest value was found in walnut shells from Booi village, namely 5.24 MPa. Whereas the minimum compressive force is 16.22 kgf/mm2 and the maximum compressive force is 17.61 kgf/mm2.
THE EFFECT OF THERMAL RESISTANCE OF CEILING LAYER ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AN AIR CONDITIONER AND ROOM TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Siang Jeri Tangalajuk , Patabang Daud
Published: June 2024

The effectiveness of an air conditioner does not only depend on the design of the air-conditioner solely. Several factors affect the effectiveness of the cooling process of a room. One of the main factors in obtaining optimal results in the cooling process of a room is the rate of heat flow that enters a conditioned space. The amount of heat flow that enters a conditioned room affects the final temperature of the room. The ceiling is a part of the room that has a immense heat-flow rate. That is because the air temperature above the plafond is relatively high, and the thickness of the room plafond is relatively compact. It is necessary to analyze the room plafond material thermal resistance in increasing the heat absorbtion efficiency of household air conditioners. The thermal resistance of the material effect on the average room temperature, room temperature map, and the energy consumption is examined experimentally. The result shows that by occupying the plafond with a Styrofoam layer, the average room temperature decreases by 1.3⁰C, the air conditioner cooling capacity decreases by 0.402 kW, electric current decreases by 0.006 A compared to the existing room condition.
Kekuatan Bending dan Tarik Komposit Berpenguat Serat Eceng Gondok/Tebu Bermatrik Epoxy
Authors: Widodo Rahmat Doni , Sutanto Herry , Fitriana Deni Fajar , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Darsono Febri Budi
Published: June 2024

The use of natural fiber as composite material is growing rapidly due to excellent characteristics, environmentally friendly quality and low price. For this reason, natural fiber breaks the dominance of synthetic fiber composite previously used in industries, especially in automotive manufacturing. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of fiber orientation on the flexural and tensile strength of water hyacinth-sugarcane fiber composite with epoxy matrix. The composite then be tested as an alternative to doortrim. Fiber orientation applied to specimens was random for sugarcane fiber, but continuous on water hyacinth fiber with angle variants of -45/45, 45/90, 45/45, and 90/90. Specimen standard for flexural test is ASTM D790-15 and ASTM D638-14 for tensile test. The study results show that the highest average value for flexural strength is 51.7 MPa of the 45/90 variant, while the lowest average value of 16.6 MPa is the 45/45 variant. Both 45/90 and -45/45 variants have the highest tensile strength of 30 MPa. The 90/90 variant records the weakest tensil strength value of 20 MPa. The highest flexural and tensile strength values exceed minimum score of the SNI 01-4449-2006 and equal the values of panel assy backdoortrim. This experiment proves that fiber orientation affects mechanical properties of composite materials, especially in terms of flexural or tensile strength.
POTENSI LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG SEBAGAI KATALIS HETEROGEN UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL
Authors: Sebayang Abdi Hanra , Pulungan Muhammad Anhar , Siahaan Sihar , Benu Siti Maretia , Ibrahim Husin , Siregar Munawar Alfansury , Silitonga Arridina Susan
Published: June 2024

Biodiesel is a potential energy source that has attracted attention recently because it can be produced from renewable energy sources and produces low pollutants. Biodiesel is produced by transesterifying edible or non-edible vegetable oils using a catalyst. Homogeneous catalytic processes have disadvantages, such as the catalyst residue cannot be reused. Therefore, heterogeneous or solid catalysts are used, which can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and reused. A waste cockle shell can be used as a green base catalyst to synthesize waste cooking oil into methyl ester (WCME). The free fatty acid content of used cooking oil (2.19% wt.) was initially reduced to 0.11% wt., using a methanol-oil ratio of 6:1, waste cockle shell 2% wt., reaction time 60 minutes and temperature 60 oC. The effectiveness of the developed waste cockle shell contains high CaO. The results of this study indicated the potential of clam waste cockle shells and used cooking oil as a source of raw materials available in the community for biodiesel production.
ANALYSIS OF COCONUT FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES WITH HOT PRESS TECHNIQUES
Authors: Muflikhun Muhammad Akhsin , Darmanto Seno , Nugroho Alvin Dio , Fathurrohman Nur Kholis , Saputra Imam , Kusni Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Natural fibre waste is a material with high material resistance, including fibres derived from coconut fruit. Coconut fruit waste is frequently underutilised and can contribute to environmental pollution if not handled correctly. This study's objective is to convert waste from coconuts into fibres, incorporate them into composite mixtures, and produce robust materials. Using coconut fibre presents a significant advantage in that it is easily biodegradable, reducing environmental pollution. The aim of this research is to produce a composite board material using HDPE plastic and coconut fibre, which is resistant to corrosion, through the hot felting method. This method of producing composite materials results in minimal voids and high material density, effectively reducing the chances of material failure. The composite specimens were subjected to testing following the ASTM D 638-01 standard. Technical abbreviations used throughout the text will be explained upon first use. The study achieved an excellent average tensile strength, strain, and elastic modulus of 22.45 MPa, 7.15%, and 5.13 MPa, respectively. The manufacture of composite materials using coconut coir fibre combined with HDPE plastic through the hot felting method resulted in high material strength, corrosion resistance, and reprocessability.
PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK CASING ALAT KESEHATAN PEMANTAUAN INFUS PINTAR (MIFUS) DENGAN METODE RAPID TOOLING
Authors: Media Riona Ihsan , Kusnowo Roni , Hendrawan Yogi Muldani , Musa Hafez Trimukti Ali
Published: June 2024

MiFUS® is a tool that can display the patient's infusion condition so that nurses can monitor patients one by one in a short time simultaneously. Several nurses were involved in this study to provide input to the casing. Product design is done at the beginning to know the initial casing design. Next, the manufacture of casing molds is carried out using a 3D printing machine. The results of the 3D printer are used as a Master Mold for the implementation of Rapid Tooling method with Epoxy material. The solution of product development is catalyst ratio analysis on polyester resin to obtain the optimal ratio of properties including shrinkage and strength of the material to withstand mechanical loads. Validation of shrinkage is carried out using 3D Scanning technology to determine the deviation of dimensions in the casing made against CAD data. Meanwhile, to obtain the strength parameters of the material to withstand mechanical loads, tensile testing is carried out. The results of this study are the contribution of design parameters, namely the amount of shrinkage that occurs and the strength parameters of the material to withstand mechanical loads. The Data and information are presented in the form of product prototypes and user analysis feasibility studies.
ANALISIS MODIFIKASI DESAIN REAKTOR PADA RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PIROLISIS DAN PENGUJIAN NILAI KALOR UNTUK PLASTIK PP DAN ABS
Authors: Wijayanto Rudi Purwo , Alhikam Francois Rubian , Hendrawan Iyus
Published: June 2024

The increasing use of plastic results in a rise in the volume of waste each year and has an impact on the environment. Pyrolysis is a method for recycling plastic waste into fuel oil. Improvements in pyrolysis design and techniques continue to be made to obtain better performance and optimal results. In this study, we compare the rate of increase in heat and volume of oil produced from two pyrolysis device designs. The alpha version is the previous version of the pyrolysis apparatus with a flat plate roof reactor and without the addition of an insulator on the tube wall. While the beta version is a modification of the alpha version with a conical roof reactor with the addition of calk material on the tube wall. Modification of the pyrolysis apparatus was also carried out in the condensation section. The beta version of the pyrolysis device shows better performance, where the reactor temperature reaches 250 ⁰C, while the alpha version, which is the previous version, reaches a maximum temperature of 220 ⁰C in a longer time. The volume of oil produced by the beta version is 0.11 mL/gram of polypropylene plastic, whereas the alpha version produced only 0.01 mL/gram for the same material. The test results for the calorific value of polypropylene (PP) plastic waste were 43.838 MJ/kg, while for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) it was 44.772 MJ/kg.
CARBON SIZE AND TEMPERATURE EFFECTS TO JIS S45C CARBURIZED STEEL
Authors: Ekaputra I Made Wicaksana , Wibisono Yustinus Akas , Haryadi Gunawan Dwi
Published: June 2024

Wear on a metal can be naturally found in components that operate in a friction environment, such as in a transmission system. However, it can be a substantial problem when the wear rate is not within the permitted limit. Surface hardening is a popular way to improve surface wear resistance for metals with various parameters that can be controlled during the process. In this study, pack carburizing was conducted for plain carbon steel JIS S45C. The carburizing process is conducted on the steel by varying the carbon size and temperature during the heating process. The carbon size consisted of mesh sizes of 5 and 15. The heating process was conducted for 2 hours at 800oC and 900oC. The carbon media and catalyst used in this study were coconut charcoal and calcium carbonate (CaCO3). In addition, the hardness Vickers test was conducted to evaluate the surface hardness. It was found that the hardness of Vickers increased with an increase in heating temperature and mesh size of carbon.
EFFECT OF COMPRESSOR INLET TEMPERATURE ON THERMAL EFFICIENCY ROLLS ROYCE RB211 GAS GENERATOR IN COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT
Authors: Yulistio Nanang , Wahyudi Muhammad Prihadi Eko , Fitriyah Qoriatul
Published: June 2024

The combined cycle power plant must operate 24 hours without stopping so that in operation at any time an increase in the temperature of the gas generator RB211 can occur. The RB211 gas generator works well when the ambient temperature is low. The X combine cycle power plant uses a chiller to lower the inlet air temperature so that the air entering the compressor will be lower. The purpose of this study was to analyze and conclude the effect of the compressor inlet temperature on the thermal efficiency of the Rolls Royce RB211 gas generator in the combined cycle power plant. Data was collected by requesting historical data on September 5-11, 2022 in the central control room. The method used in this study is simple linear regression analysis because it only involves two variables. The independent variable is the inlet temperature of the compressor and the dependent variable is the thermal efficiency of the gas generator. It is known that the highest efficiency is at a temperature of 292,94 kelvin with a thermal efficiency value of 36,87% while the lowest efficiency is at a temperature of 301,89 kelvin with a thermal efficiency value of 35,61%. The regression analysis equation is Ŷ = 0,60665231-0,00082223X so the hypothesis results obtained through the significant F test with F table is that there is a significant effect between the compressor inlet temperature on the thermal efficiency of the gas generator.
STRENGTH CONSIDERATION ON CAR BODY MODIFICATION FOR PANORAMIC TRAIN
Authors: Harnany Dinny , Adista Reyhan K. A. , Syaifudin Achmad , Putra Ary Bachtiar Krishna , Priyambodo Singgih
Published: June 2024

Modifying the car body structure from the existing train to another car body type requires an analysis of several factors. The strength of the design due to overload and the durability of the structures due to operational loads need to be re-evaluated. Furthermore, stiffness analysis also needs to determine the characteristics of the structure when it is not loaded. This study numerically analyzed the considerations in selecting the structural steel profile for modification of the existing car body into a panoramic type using the ANSYS Workbench R19. The underframe structure can still be used, and other structures are modified with the UNP profile. The side wall, and roof are changed in shape and size following the glass design of the panoramic train. The solid 3D model is rebuilt into a surface model to simplify the analysis. Static structural analysis is used to clarify the strength of the design under overload, a combination of static and transient structural analysis is applied to calculate the operating life, and modal analysis is chosen to figure out the stiffness. The simulation results showed that the modified design had met the needs and requirements based on the PM 175 standard of 2015 by the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation and the international standard EN-12663.
ANALYSIS THE EFFECTS OF YTTERBIUM RARE EARTH ON THE CORROSION RATE OF SACRIFICIAL ANODE ALUMINIUM IN SEAWATER ENVIRONMENT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
Authors: Nurdiansyah Faisal , Pribadi Bima Tegar , Rohmannudin Tubagus Noor , Kurniawan Budi Agung
Published: June 2024

Corrosion is a degradation process on metal that happen naturally. Corrosion is one of the most common problems in the industry, resulting the corrosion prevention much needed to increase the lifetime of a material. One of the methods of corrosion prevention is cathodic protection using a sacrificial anode. This research was conducted to analyze the effect of ytterbium rare earth to the corrosion rate of sacrificial anode aluminium in seawater environment. In this research, the ytterbium rare earth used using variety of 14%, 21%, and 22%. The alloy was made using a casting process with a mini furnace, and was characterized using XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, and Metallographic Tests. Then an immersion test was carried out for 10 days and a tafel test using the Corrtest tool and the CS Studio5 application. The electrolyte solution used is 3.5% NaCl and SCE as a reference electrode. The results show that as the element Ytterbium(Yb) increases, the grain size becomes smaller and finer. This is because Ytterbium(Yb) has a role as a grain refiner. Based on the results of the corrosion rate calculation, the lowest corrosion rate value was sample B with a Yb percentage of 21%, which had a corrosion rate value of 0.005 mm/year on the tafel test. Whereas for the 10-day immersion test, the lowest corrosion rate value was also obtained from sample B with a Yb percentage of 21%, namely 1.030 mm/year. The addition of the element Ytterbium(Yb) decreases the potential value of the sacrificial anode in seawater at room temperature with 22% Al-Yb alloy which has a potential value of the criterion of -821mV, so that only 22% Al-Yb alloy can protect the cathode.
KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN BALISTIK KOMPOSIT Al-8Zn-4Mg-20 VOL.% SiC HASIL PROSES SQUEEZE CASTING DAN PERLAKUAN PENUAAN
Authors: Sabarati Absaralita , Adhipura Panji , Sofyan Bondan T.
Published: June 2024

Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC) as a means to support the mobility of TNI must have high toughness so that they are not easily penetrated by bullets. The APCs are commonly made of steel due to their excellent toughness and ballistic properties, however, it has a high density that reduces their mobility. Therefore, an alternative material is needed, which is lighter but remains tough. One option is Metal Matric Composites (MMC). This research studied a composite with Al-8Zn-4Mg alloy as the matrix and 20 vol. % SiC as the reinforcement. The composite was melted in a muffle furnace, stirred at 500 rpm, and squeeze-cast at the pressure of 20 tons. The samples were then solution-treated at 500°C for 1 h and aged at 200°C for up to 100 h. Characterization included hardness and impact testing, optical microscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The samples were then thermal coated by the High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) method using WC-Co particles. The coated samples underwent ballistic testing in accordance with NIJ 0108.01 standard by using a type III 7.56 mm caliber projectile. The results show that the hardness and impact energy increased with aging due to the formation of Mg2Si and Mg3Zn3Al2 precipitates. Peak hardness conditions after aging for 2 h generated hardness of 90,25 HRB and impact energy of 3 Joules. The composite plate failed and was penetrated by a type III 7.56 mm caliber projectile.
PENGARUH LOAD CAPACITY LISTRIK TERHADAP EFFISIENSI TURBIN UAP MODEL C6-R8-ER : STUDY KASUS PADA PT. SURYA BORNEO INDUSTRI
Authors: Tratama Teddy , Aspiyansyah Aspiyansyah , Harianto Agus , Rahmandika Kukuh
Published: June 2024

Steam turbines are widely used at many industrial. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of load capacity on steam flow mass rate.  Load Capacity is directly proportional to the steam flow mass rate to increase Steam turbine power. While the effect of load capacity on steam turbine efficiency, where it shows the actual performance of the steam turbine which is very important to minimize operating costs. The highest thermal efficiency of 21.49% and the lowest thermal efficiency of 20.17% in the load capacity variation showed that the steam turbine can still be categorized in good condition where the operating period has reached 5 years. It is necessary to carry out preventive maintenance on steam turbine components so that they remain reliable in supporting the company's operational and production activities.
PENGARUH WAKTU SOLUTION TREATMENT DAN AGING TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN KEKUATAN TARIK ALUMINIUM PADUAN AA 7075 – T6
Authors: Naafila Amira , Purnowidodo Anindito , Setyarini Putu Hadi
Published: June 2024

Aluminium 7075 is a material used to plane body, because this material is corrosion-resistant, and its properties can be formed well, low density and light. Aluminium 7075-T6 which is mainly used for aircraft manufacturing, has a content of 0,37% Zn, 0,13% Mg, 0,07% Cu and 0,20% Si. Because this material 7075-T6 is heat treatable. It will be treated with the solution treatment (420ºC) and aging treatment (250ºC) each in 1hour and 2,5 hours to make precipitation. The hight strength and low hardness to find out the characteristics of aluminium 7075-T6 tensile strength testing, hardness testing and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy) testing will be carried out. And the result of tensile strength testing for raw material has an ultimate tensile strength (125,000MPa), elongation (0,02%) and the result of Rockwell hardness testing has (10,36 HRt). This material done by processed solution treatment with temperature (420ºC/hour, 2,5 hours/ 150ºC) has an ultimate tensile strength (95,833 MPa), elongation (0,26%) and for the Rockwell hardness testing the result is (49,2 HRt). The heat treatment made the solution treated aluminium grain bigger but increasing the strength because of precipitation.
Efficacy of an Artificial Intelligence App (Aysa) in Dermatological Diagnosis: Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Marri Shiva Shankar , Albadri Warood , Hyder Mohammed Salman , Janagond Ajit B , Inamadar Arun C
Published: June 2024

Background

Dermatology is an ideal specialty for artificial intelligence (AI)–driven image recognition to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient care. Lack of dermatologists in many parts of the world and the high frequency of cutaneous disorders and malignancies highlight the increasing need for AI-aided diagnosis. Although AI-based applications for the identification of dermatological conditions are widely available, research assessing their reliability and accuracy is lacking.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of the Aysa AI app as a preliminary diagnostic tool for various dermatological conditions in a semiurban town in India.

Methods

This observational cross-sectional study included patients over the age of 2 years who visited the dermatology clinic. Images of lesions from individuals with various skin disorders were uploaded to the app after obtaining informed consent. The app was used to make a patient profile, identify lesion morphology, plot the location on a human model, and answer questions regarding duration and symptoms. The app presented eight differential diagnoses, which were compared with the clinical diagnosis. The model’s performance was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1-score. Comparison of categorical variables was performed with the χ2 test and statistical significance was considered at P<.05.

Results

A total of 700 patients were part of the study. A wide variety of skin conditions were grouped into 12 categories. The AI model had a mean top-1 sensitivity of 71% (95% CI 61.5%-74.3%), top-3 sensitivity of 86.1% (95% CI 83.4%-88.6%), and all-8 sensitivity of 95.1% (95% CI 93.3%-96.6%). The top-1 sensitivities for diagnosis of skin infestations, disorders of keratinization, other inflammatory conditions, and bacterial infections were 85.7%, 85.7%, 82.7%, and 81.8%, respectively. In the case of photodermatoses and malignant tumors, the top-1 sensitivities were 33.3% and 10%, respectively. Each category had a strong correlation between the clinical diagnosis and the probable diagnoses (P<.001).

Conclusions

The Aysa app showed promising results in identifying most dermatoses.
Developing a Guided Web App for Postpartum Depression Symptoms: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Franco Pamela , Olhaberry Marcia , Muzard Antonia , Harismendy Ángeles , Kelders Saskia
Published: June 2024

Background

Psychological internet-based interventions have shown promise in preventing and treating perinatal depression, but their effectiveness can be hindered by low user engagement. This challenge often arises from a misalignment between technology attributes, user needs, and context. A user-centered, iterative approach involving all stakeholders is recommended.

Objective

In this paper, we aimed to develop a user-friendly psychological internet-based intervention aimed at addressing the symptoms of perinatal depression through an iterative, user-centered approach.

Methods

The development process followed the Center for eHealth Research and Disease Management Roadmap phases of contextual inquiry, value specification, and design. It involved a comprehensive literature review, 2 surveys, 10 focus groups, 5 usability interviews, and 1 technical pilot.

Results

The contextual inquiry revealed a demand for accessible interventions for perinatal mental health, with internet-based solutions seen as viable options. Insights from the literature influenced intervention content and features. Stakeholders’ openness to the intervention became evident during this phase, along with the integration of the first set of values. Initially, we assessed the broader perinatal context to identify the optimal period for the intervention. On the basis of the findings and practical considerations, we decided to specifically target postpartum depression symptoms. The value specification phase further defined the central values and translated them into requirements. In the design phase, feedback was obtained on the user experience of an early digital prototype and on the prototype’s final version. The resulting intervention, named Mamá, te entiendo (“Mom, I get you”), is a guided web app based on cognitive behavioral therapy principles, integrating elements from attachment and mentalization theories. It aims to reduce depressive symptoms in women during the first months postpartum and consists of 6 core sequential modules, along with 3 additional modules, including 5 case examples illustrating depressive symptoms and therapeutic techniques. The intervention provides homework exercises and offers users the opportunity to receive feedback from an e-coach through the web app.

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the importance of a user-centered and iterative development process for psychological internet-based interventions. This process helps clarify user needs and provides valuable feedback on service design and quality, ultimately having the potential to enhance the utility and, presumably, the effectiveness of the intervention. The Discussion section shares valuable insights from the project, such as the value of the requirement sessions.
Electronic Health Record Data Quality and Performance Assessments: Scoping Review
Authors: Penev Yordan P , Buchanan Timothy R , Ruppert Matthew M , Liu Michelle , Shekouhi Ramin , Guan Ziyuan , Balch Jeremy , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Shickel Benjamin , Loftus Tyler J , Bihorac Azra
Published: June 2024

Background

Electronic health records (EHRs) have an enormous potential to advance medical research and practice through easily accessible and interpretable EHR-derived databases. Attainability of this potential is limited by issues with data quality (DQ) and performance assessment.

Objective

This review aims to streamline the current best practices on EHR DQ and performance assessments as a replicable standard for researchers in the field.

Methods

PubMed was systematically searched for original research articles assessing EHR DQ and performance from inception until May 7, 2023.

Results

Our search yielded 26 original research articles. Most articles had 1 or more significant limitations, including incomplete or inconsistent reporting (n=6, 30%), poor replicability (n=5, 25%), and limited generalizability of results (n=5, 25%). Completeness (n=21, 81%), conformance (n=18, 69%), and plausibility (n=16, 62%) were the most cited indicators of DQ, while correctness or accuracy (n=14, 54%) was most cited for data performance, with context-specific supplementation by recency (n=7, 27%), fairness (n=6, 23%), stability (n=4, 15%), and shareability (n=2, 8%) assessments. Artificial intelligence–based techniques, including natural language data extraction, data imputation, and fairness algorithms, were demonstrated to play a rising role in improving both dataset quality and performance.

Conclusions

This review highlights the need for incentivizing DQ and performance assessments and their standardization. The results suggest the usefulness of artificial intelligence–based techniques for enhancing DQ and performance to unlock the full potential of EHRs to improve medical research and practice.
Integrating Clinical Data and Medical Imaging in Lung Cancer: Feasibility Study Using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model Extension
Authors: Ji Hyerim , Kim Seok , Sunwoo Leonard , Jang Sowon , Lee Ho-Young , Yoo Sooyoung
Published: June 2024

Background

Digital transformation, particularly the integration of medical imaging with clinical data, is vital in personalized medicine. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) standardizes health data. However, integrating medical imaging remains a challenge.

Objective

This study proposes a method for combining medical imaging data with the OMOP CDM to improve multimodal research.

Methods

Our approach included the analysis and selection of digital imaging and communications in medicine header tags, validation of data formats, and alignment according to the OMOP CDM framework. The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources ImagingStudy profile guided our consistency in column naming and definitions. Imaging Common Data Model (I-CDM), constructed using the entity-attribute-value model, facilitates scalable and efficient medical imaging data management. For patients with lung cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2017, we introduced 4 new tables—IMAGING_STUDY, IMAGING_SERIES, IMAGING_ANNOTATION, and FILEPATH—to standardize various imaging-related data and link to clinical data.

Results

This framework underscores the effectiveness of I-CDM in enhancing our understanding of lung cancer diagnostics and treatment strategies. The implementation of the I-CDM tables enabled the structured organization of a comprehensive data set, including 282,098 IMAGING_STUDY, 5,674,425 IMAGING_SERIES, and 48,536 IMAGING_ANNOTATION records, illustrating the extensive scope and depth of the approach. A scenario-based analysis using actual data from patients with lung cancer underscored the feasibility of our approach. A data quality check applying 44 specific rules confirmed the high integrity of the constructed data set, with all checks successfully passed, underscoring the reliability of our findings.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that I-CDM can improve the integration and analysis of medical imaging and clinical data. By addressing the challenges in data standardization and management, our approach contributes toward enhancing diagnostics and treatment strategies. Future research should expand the application of I-CDM to diverse disease populations and explore its wide-ranging utility for medical conditions.
Legal Protection of Traditional Knowledge in Uganda: Development, Problems and Perspectives
Authors: Enoch Otim
Published: June 2024

The secret of the efficacy of traditional knowledge is tightly bound to the healthy survival of global biodiversity. Over the ages, this knowledge has suffered a lot of exploitation at the hands of outsiders who either took away the knowledge from their societies and patented the same as their invention (without the consent of the indigenous communities) or made commercial benefits with the misappropriation. This has often led to the erosion of the knowledge from the communities (at times the knowledge is lost forever because only a particular member of the community held the knowledge). This misappropriation has arisen out of the lacuna that there is no effective sui generis system for the protection of traditional knowledge. The efforts and achievements of the communities have never been recognized. Effective legislation and a strong political will are the need of the hour to check this exploitation and prevent the loss of knowledge from future generations. The present article is aimed at identifying the problems that are inherent in the legal protection of traditional knowledge in Uganda. An attempt has also been made to highlight the steps that have been taken so far at the national level and the probable future endeavors to safeguard traditional knowledge.
Una agenda en movimiento. Planeación y ordenamiento territorial en contexto
Authors:   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Posada Pérez Natalia María , Espinal Patiño Carolina ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Bahamón Álvarez Gabriel Enrique ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Londoño Torres Gloria Esperanza ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Parra Salazar Mayra Natalia ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Rivera Flórez Luis Alejandro , Urán Carmona Alexandra ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Urrego Estrada Gleidy Alexandra ,   Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia
Published: June 2024

"La planeación del desarrollo es un ejercicio en el que se piensan, se proyectan y se promueven formas específicas de ocupación territorial a partir de mecanismos políticos, jurídicos y técnicos aplicados en contexto. En este sentido, planificar el desarrollo implica reconocer los factores económicos, políticos, culturales y ambientales concretos necesarios para la gestión integral de los territorios, a fin de trascender el cortoplacismo y aportar en la construcción de escenarios posibles y deseables. Entender las diferentes estrategias de planeación pasa por entender los modelos de desarrollo, los actores involucrados, sus intereses y discursos, conforme a la visión territorial que defiendan y a sus lógicas de apropiación; de estas con frecuencia emergen disputas, pero también alianzas y estrategias de cooperación de acuerdo con las circunstancias. "
Internet of Things (IOT) Based Military Surveillance
Authors: Venkataramanaiah Mr.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The ESP32 microcontroller is responsible for controlling this robot and the robot is able to run in both manual mode and automatic mode. A bunch of sensors are mounted on this trolley to collect data and, SUSI now decides what to do with this data based on the instructions received from the ESP32 microcontroller. The system is further empowered with metal detectors used to detect metal explosives that improve its surveillance ability. Such technological developments promise impressive applications in defense where surveillance is key. The proliferation of technology in the last couple of years has given way to the evolution of robotics, thus, transforming many areas for human life, particularly in unsafe environments. Robotic integration has primarily impacted military operations. These robots are enforced to play a major role in the deployment of few dangerous uses which can provide miraculous to the soldiers. Their versatility and effectiveness in different scenarios are provided by the variety of designs that cater for certain operational need. Basically, military robots have increased the military organizations competency to work out challenges which are difficult to address with manual human intervention. These robot helpers are critical to facilitate operational efficiency, and make sure that the personal safety in high-risk environments
A Review Article Description of Snayu Sharir
Authors: Sanju Dr.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In order for Ayurveda to be considered a legitimate discipline alongside contemporary medicine, much study is needed to confirm this. First things first: let's clarify some of the terms—especially the more fundamental ones—that are addressed in Ayurvedic classics. As long as the terminology are not fully grasped, it is impossible to apply the science methodically. The study of Sharira Rachana involves a great quantity of anatomical terminology, many of which need to be defined in order to apply science. In classical sources, the term "snayu" is discussed in great detail, but the precise structure in the human body that corresponds with it is not mentioned. During this investigation, the Sn ayu-related references are gathered and attempted to be explained in the form of a framework. Snayu literally means to bond. It is described as a structure that aids in weight bearing and assists in binding the joints. Its structural characteristics have been compared to those of a fibrous substance