bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spor Merkezlerine Üye Olan Bireylerin Duygusal Yeme ve Sosyal Fizik Kaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: YALÇIN Yasemin , KURNAZ Hasanali Kağan
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmayla, spor merkezine üye olan bireylerin duygusal yeme davranışları ile sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca üyelerin kişisel bilgileri doğrultusunda duygusal yeme davranışları ve sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki farklılıklar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcı gurubunu Alanya’da özel spor merkezlerine üye olan bireyler (n=183) oluşturmuştur. Üyelerin 97’si (%53.0) kadın ve 86’sı (%47.0) erkektir. Araştırmada Arslantaş vd., (2019) tarafından geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılan “Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği” ile Ballı ve Aşçı (2006) tarafından geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılan “Sosyal Fizik Kaygı Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin parametrik testlerin ön şartlarını sağlayıp sağlamadığı Skewness ve Kurtosis (verilerin normal dağılım durumu) değerleri incelenerek karar verilmiş ve elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda parametreler arası ilişkiler pearson korelasyon analizi ile farklılıklar ise t-testi ve ANOVA analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda duygusal yeme ile sosyal fizik kaygı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca üyelerin sosyal fizik kaygı düzeylerinde cinsiyetlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu görülmüştür.
Is a “right to truth” a solution to the contemporary information crisis
Authors: Dobrzeniecki Karol , Hrehorowicz Arleta
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the paper is to consider whether we are dealing with an information crisis today, and if so, what the crisis indeed is and how does it manifest itself. The authors point out the most important threats arising from the expansion of post-truth in such important areas of public life as elections, functioning of the market mechanisms and historical identity of the nation. They also discuss processes that can be considered as attempts to overcome the crisis. As one of the most controversial initiatives of this kind, is establishing an objective truth through legal intervention, motivated by the conviction of public authorities that mass disinformation essentially undermines public order and threatens other constitutional values.
End of life decision making in healthcare in the prism of Council of Europe’s Human Rights Standards
Authors: Bieńkowska Daria
Published: January 2022

The issue of decisions made at the end of life relating to the so-called “Right to death”, “death in dignity”, which in the literature on the subject is referred to as end-of-life decision making in the legal and medical space, arouses the interest of lawyers and doctors, and due to the specific gravity of the topic, it is also the subject of public debate. This article presents the issue of end-of-life decision making in health care in the light of the standards of the Council of Europe. The main purpose of the problem outlined in this way will be to analyze the legal admissibility of decisions concerning the end of life at the request of the interested person in the legal and human perspective. The summary indicates that despite the lack of a consensus in contemporary Europe as to the understanding of human rights, and hence the admissibility of active euthanasia and assisted suicide, the situation may change with the increasing emphasis on individual autonomy in medical law.
Human rights restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and Russia. Legal and comparative aspects
Authors: Pietras-Eichberger Marta
Published: January 2022

The study analyzed selected issues related to the scope of human rights and freedoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and Russia. The author wanted to compare the regulations issued by a Member State of the European Union and a country outside the European Union, often using undemocratic methods of exercising power. The work focuses on research problems related to the principles of protection, the confrontation of individual interests with the public interest, and the impact of the regimes introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights law in both countries. The thesis of the study is that in the event of a threat to public health, analogous restrictions on human rights are introduced both in an undemocratic country and in a country belonging to international structures identifying with democratic values. The state of the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed, and in some area even contributed to the creation of mechanisms reserved for crisis situations, posing a direct and real threat to public safety and health.
Indigenous Understandings: Fusing Landscape and Skyscape
Authors: Frank Roslyn M
Published: January 2022

The talk examines the relational ontology of the Native American Lenape Delaware people who form part of the larger Algonquian-speaking group of North America. It is sometimes said that in the past as people contemplated the night sky, they ended up telling stories that were meant to explain what they saw in the sky above. Certainly, there is ample proof for the existence such astral tales when viewed cross-culturally. What I discuss, however, is the way in which what the Lenape people saw and experienced on earth was projected onto the stars above along with the associated cosmovision and belief system they embraced. Instead of passive sky-watching, they were fusing together landscape and skyscape. In the case of the Lenape cosmovision discussed here I will show that it is intimately linked to the tenets of bear ceremonialism. It was a remarkable belief system that managed to weave together landscape and skyscape: what was happening on earth and experienced on a daily basis was exteriorized, given expression and importance by projecting aspects of this rich earthly belief system onto the massive sky screen above.
Convivencia negociada y gobernanza ambiental en áreas naturales protegidas del Perú
Authors: Borg Rasmussen Mattias
Published: January 2022

Un elemento central en la gobernanza ambiental multiescalar y jerárquica es la legitimidad provisoria de los arreglos institucionales. Este artículo se enfoca en las estrategias desplegadas por una muestra de jefaturas de áreas naturales protegidas del Perú en su trabajo con, desde, para y a veces contra de las comunidades en la búsqueda de una convivencia negociada. En la actualidad la relación parque-comunidad en el Perú se caracteriza por un acercamiento estratégico. A partir de entrevistas y documentos gubernamentales, en el presente texto se analizan las estrategias y racionalidades de gobernanza ambiental. Se desarrolla un argumento acerca de la consolidación de un contrato social para la conservación entendido como el proceso que permite establecer el reconocimiento recíproco entre la institución de áreas protegidas y las organizaciones locales. Tres elementos destacan en las entrevistas: los legados de la conservación en ámbitos rurales, los viejos y nuevos espacios y mecanismos de participación, y la emergencia de nuevas formas de organización rural en relación con las áreas protegidas a través de la formalización de acuerdos de manejo. Se concluye que cada uno de estos elementos apunta a las condiciones para crear una legitimidad duradera en los territorios de conservación; sin embargo, estos mecanismos participativos e incluyentes también son espacios jerárquicos institucionales debido a su énfasis en la creación de incentivos.
Experticias y juridificación comunitaria: defensa del subsuelo y tierras comunales en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Aquino-Centeno Salvador
Published: January 2022

En el artículo se analiza cómo la comunidad indígena de Capulálpam defendió sus derechos territoriales interponiendo un amparo ante un tribunal federal para invalidar las concesiones mineras que el Gobierno autorizó sin una consulta previa libre e informada. Las mineras, el juzgado y el Gobierno federal buscaron socavar los derechos a la identidad indígena comunitaria; las primeras argumentaron tener propiedad privada y concesiones sobre las tierras mientras que el Gobierno defendió la soberanía de la nación sobre el subsuelo. Por su parte, la comunidad se respaldó en las instituciones ancestrales, en el derecho comunitario y en su condición de comunidad indígena agraria zapoteca con propiedad y posesión comunal de tierras. Si globalmente ocurría un proceso de juridificación de la política, en Capulálpam ocurría un proceso de juridificación comunitaria que le permitió reconstruir su derecho propio creando principios, normas y derechos en relación recíproca con el colonialismo y capitalismo que la impactaron. Metodológicamente sobresalen la observación participante y el mapeo del juicio de amparo a través de la información recopilada en el archivo de la comunidad. Se concluye que los argumentos jurídicos comunitarios colapsaron las leyes federales de acceso al subsuelo, porque el amparo se sustentó en la domesticación de múltiples regímenes jurídicos y en conceptos y símbolos de la representación jurídica, el territorio, la propiedad comunal y el propio subsuelo.
Procesos de juridificación y defensa del agua en el sur andino del Ecuador
Authors: Quizhpe Carlos , Vallejo Ivette
Published: January 2022

En un contexto en que el extractivismo minero se profundiza en América Latina, en el presente artículo se abordan los itinerarios de acción colectiva que poblaciones locales del sur andino ecuatoriano han seguido para la defensa del agua ante los proyectos Río Blanco y Loma Larga en Quimsacocha, ubicados en el cantón Cuenca, provincia Azuay. Dentro de tales itinerarios transitó en cortes una acción de protección que obtuvo fallo positivo y logró frenar el proyecto Río Blanco y se concretaron dos consultas populares –Girón y Cuenca–. Estas experiencias hacen parte de lo que llamaremos procesos de juridificación en defensa del agua, en los cuales se disputan visiones y ontologías acerca de la relación humanos-entorno natural. Para recopilar la información recurrimos a entrevistas en profundidad a comuneras y miembros de colectivos ecologistas, a la cartografía social y a la revisión documental. En el artículo se discute la complejidad de las demandas frente a la megaminería en lo jurídico y las dinámicas de poder que se entretejen en la exigibilidad de derechos colectivos y de la naturaleza. También se analiza el soporte que en el ámbito jurídico ofrecen a los procesos de juridificación las acciones de movilización que ocurren en paralelo. Se trata de una contribución a los debates sobre justicia ambiental y justicia hídrica en dimensión crítica.
Hacia la descolonización del régimen extractivo: patrones y límites de la judicialización en conflictos mineros
Authors: González-Serrano María Ximena , Montalván-Zambrano Digno José , Viaene Lieselotte
Published: January 2022

En el presente artículo nos ha motivado la necesidad de abordar un punto poco estudiado sobre el extractivismo en América Latina: los fundamentos coloniales del marco regulatorio de la minería corporativa y los límites de la judicialización de los derechos humanos para lograr su transformación. Nuestro análisis se sustenta en referentes teóricos del campo del litigio estratégico, el origen del derecho internacional y los estudios decoloniales. Empleamos una metodología multiescalar que tomó como estudios de caso, en el plano nacional, a Guatemala y Colombia, y en el internacional al Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos. A su vez, tejimos un diálogo interdisciplinar entre autores con trasfondos diferenciados e integramos una variedad de fuentes académicas y resoluciones judiciales. Así construimos, a partir de los hitos más relevantes, una genealogía colonial de la normativa minera y su continuidad en las regulaciones republicanas y contemporáneas en los países de estudio. Además, identificamos patrones comunes en la judicialización de los conflictos mineros a nivel doméstico e interamericano y evidenciamos su ineficacia en la modificación de las normativas que rigen la minería. Concluimos con una reflexión sobre nuevos caminos teóricos y metodológicos tanto en la práctica jurídica como en la investigación teórica aplicada, posibles horizontes para la descolonización del derecho y en particular del derecho minero.
Dismantling obstacles impeding better governance in companies: Affirming the expansion of the interpretation of "shareholder and director" under section 163 of the 2008 Act
Authors: Bidie Simphiwe S
Published: January 2022

Impediments to corporate accountability have over the recent years manifested in diverse forms. What took place in Peel v Hamon J&C Engineering (Pty) Ltd is a case in point. The aim of this article is in two forms. First, from the commentaries and cases consulted, it is clear that the character of who must qualify in terms of the section 163 criterion is not settled. Moreover, this can be gleaned from the criticisms against Moshidi J's judgment in Peel for having extended/expanded the section 163 remedy to afford relief to shareholders and directors whom the legislature may not have contemplated to cover under the relief. The aim here is to argue in support of this expansion as promoting accountability. Secondly, it is to make some comments on the criterion that it is only a shareholder and a director who are accorded locus standi to invoke the remedy. From the discussion, the paper makes numerous commendable observations. First, the complaint raised in Peel was not an abuse of process; it was a genuine complaint/application seeking to address genuine and novel issues which often arise between the parties in company law. Second, Moshidi J's judgment demonstrates evolution/progress for its contextual approach to the section 163 remedy's interpretation. The judgment heralds/foreshadows colossal principles/practices within company law aimed at balancing stakeholder interests. Third, the judgment potently disentangles hurdles which normally impede accountability by company directors. Lastly, the paper recommends that other stakeholders be considered for relief under the remedy.
Aquamation: legal nail in burial and cremation's coffin?
Authors: Slabbert Magda , Labuschaigne Melody
Published: January 2022

Respect for the dead defines a community. Burial of a corpse has for many years been the only way of disposing of a dead body. Land available for burial sites is limited. In the 1960s cremation became an acceptable alternative to burial. Recently a more environmentally friendly way of disposing of a corpse was introduced to South Africa. Alkaline Hydrolysis or aquamation is a chemical process dissolving a dead body. The wastewater can be disposed of in a sewage system. Legislation has not kept up with this new technology. A new set of regulations to the National Health Act 61 of 2003 is proposed.
Analyse littéraire et traitement automatique de corpus de littérature orale
Authors: BAUMGARDT Ursula
Published: January 2022

Je voudrais présenter un exemple d’utilisation de base de données textuelles dans l’analyse d’un corpus de littérature orale. L’approche proposée est expérimentale, en ce sens que je ne me réfère pas à une école ni à une méthode vérifiée et confirmée que j’appliquerais à l’objet dont il est question ici. Je retracerai simplement le cheminement de mes interrogations qui, partant de la littérature africaine francophone, ont intégré la littérature orale en peul. L’une des questions concerne les représentations de l’espace dans des contes oraux. La réflexion porte sur les relations pouvant être éventuellement établies entre le traitement automatique de corpus et l’analyse littéraire.
Dvojjazyčné prekladové ekvivalenty z paralelného slovensko-francúzskeho korpusu
Authors: GARABÍK Radovan
Published: January 2022

Nous présentons une base de données de type dictionnaire d'équivalents français-slovaque extraits d'un corpus parallèle slovaque-français aligné sur les phrases et les mots. Dans cet article nous abordons la structure de base du corpus, composé d'un sous-corpus de textes de fiction et d'un sous-corpus de textes administratifs et techniques et la méthode d'extraction et d'élagage des équivalents de traduction bilingues. La base de données est accessible sur le portail des dictionnaires de l'Institut Ľ. Štúr (Institute of Linguistics) et offre de riches possibilités d'interrogation et de visualisation des équivalents de traduction courts alignés sur les mots.
RUS DİLİNDEKİ BELİRTİSİZ ZAMİRLERİN MORFOLOJİK VE SEMANTİK ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: AKYAR Ali , GÜNEŞ Bahar
Published: January 2022

Yabancı dil öğreniminde, anadil ve öğrenilecek dil arasındaki anlamsal ve yapısal farklılıklardan ötürü genellikle bir dizi zorluklarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda anadili Türkçe olan öğrencilerin Rusça öğrenimi konusunda karşılaştıkları zorluklardan birisi, Rus dilindeki belirtisiz zamirlerin öğrenimidir. Bu zamirlerin Türkçedeki belirtisiz zamirlere kıyasla, anlamsal, işlevsel ve yapı bakımından ortaya çıkan farklılıklarının incelenmesi, Rusça öğrenimi ve öğretimi konusunda güncel bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dilbilgisi araştırmaları, farklı sisteme sahip dillerdeki belirtisiz zamirlerin genel özelliklerinin yeterli düzeyde araştırılmadığını göstermektedir. Dillerin yapısal özelliklerinden dolayı özellikle zamir kavramında diller arası önemli farklılıkların olması dil öğretiminde ve öğreniminde üzerinde durulması gereken konulardan birisidir. Örneğin Rus dilinde belirtisiz zamir olarak sınıflandırılan bir kelimenin başka bir dilde isim veya sıfat olarak sınıflandırılması karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanılarak öğrenilen yabancı dil eğitiminde bir öğrenim zorluğuna sebebiyet vermektedir. Bu makalede, Rus dilini araştıran dilbilimcilerin çalışmaları üzerinden belirtisiz zamirlerin tanımları, sınıflandırılması ve cümle içerisindeki fonksiyonlarıyla ilgili incelemeler yapılmıştır. Konunun daha iyi anlaşılması açısından çalışmamızda belirtisiz zamirler yapısal olarak aldıkları önek veya soneklere göre 4 farklı gruba ayrılmıştır: -нибудь (-либо) ilgeciyle kullanılan belirtisiz zamirler, –то ilgeciyle kullanılan belirtisiz zamirler, кое- ilgeçli belirtisiz zamirler, не- ön eki almış belirtisiz zamirler. Sınıflandırılması yapılan zamirler Rus edebiyatının önde gelen yazarlarının eserlerinden yapılan alıntılarla, bu cümlelerin Türkçe çevirileriyle ve tarafımızca oluşturulan cümlelerle örneklendirilmiştir.
[RETRACTED] Pur Balance CBD Gummies - Age Related Cognitive Decline,Arthritis,Joint Pain And much, much more... v1
Authors: Balance CBD Gummies Pur
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Pur Balance CBD Gummies - Age Related Cognitive Decline,Arthritis,Joint Pain And much, much more...
Comparative Study of Computer Vision Based Line Followers Using Raspberry Pi and Jetson Nano
Authors: Dewantoro Gunawan , Mansuri Jamil , Setiaji Fransiscus Dalu
Published: January 2022

The line follower robot is a mobile robot which can navigate and traverse to another place by following a trajectory which is generally in the form of black or white lines. This robot can also assist human in carrying out transportation and industrial automation. However, this robot also has several challenges with regard to the calibration issue, incompatibility on wavy surfaces, and also the light sensor placement due to the line width variation. Robot vision utilizes image processing and computer vision technology for recognizing objects and controlling the robot motion. This study discusses the implementation of vision based line follower robot using a camera as the only sensor used to capture objects. A comparison of robot performance employing different CPU controllers, namely Raspberry Pi and Jetson Nano, is made. The image processing uses an edge detection method which detect the border to discriminate two image areas and mark different parts. This method aims to enable the robot to control its motion based on the object captured by the webcam. The results show that the accuracies of the robot employing the Raspberry Pi and Jetson Nano are 96% and 98%, respectively.
Medical Report for the Harbor Maternity Hospital for the time from August 17, 1888 to May 1, 1892.
Authors: Massen V. N.
Published: January 2022

For the entire number of actually completed births (1921) presentations and positions were recorded in 1909 cases. Of the remaining 20 births, in 10 cases the situation could not be ascertained, and in 10 the births were street.
The first international gynecological congress in brussels, from 14 to 17 September n. Art. 1892 year
Authors: Hermonius A. K.
Published: January 2022

On Wednesday 2 (14) September 1892, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, in the assembly hall of the Palais des Acadmies took place, under the chairmanship of prof. Kufferath (Brussels), the opening of the 1st International Gynecological Congress.
To the therapy of simple chronic endometritis
Authors: Brzhezinsky V. A.
Published: January 2022

Under the name of "simple" endometritis, we mean suffering of the mucous membrane of the uterus without any complications from the serous lining of the uterus, pelvic tissue, etc. (In some of the cases we have described, although complications are mentioned, these latter were in fact so insignificant that they can be completely ignored.)
A case of uterine treatment
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

The author briefly describes 9 cases of this operation, collected by him in Russian literature.
Diagnostic tasks for obstetrics and gynecology
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

The author describes three cases where recognition could be made only with some probability.
Current issues in obstetrics and gynecology in 1893
Authors: Kakushkin H.
Published: January 2022

The author informs him of the latest data, gleaned from the literature, on inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages and their treatment (Schauta, Terria, Hartmann, Martin, Gonlliond, Doyen) and on the operative treatment of uterine myomas (Gottschalk, Kstner, Gauhrobak, Zifwe, Ott).
Three parallel cases of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

1st case. 21 years old, nulliparous. There was no blood for 11/2 months. Sudden loss of strength, abdominal pain, pallor of the integument, vomiting, abdominal distension.
A case of an ovariotomy complicated by ureteral transection
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

In a 40-year-old patient, the author removed a huge cyst of the right ovary.
Sending the oil seal
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: January 2022

Regarding Dr Ross's claim that dogs rarely develop peritoneal inflammation, Robinson reports that he has performed over 200 experiments on canine abdominal infections.
Gaze and Occupy
Authors: Tsiopos Katerina
Published: January 2022

Katerina Tsiopos’ poetry examines the dilemmas that humans, animals, and the natural environment share in symbiotic, parasitic, and often deadly co-existence. The persistence of human life exacts a toll on nature; yet what sacrifices are humans willing to make to leave a smaller footprint. Following in the tradition of American transcendentalist poets, 20th-century poststructuralist and black eco-poets, Katerina hails 21st-century eco-sensibilities by curating poetry readings that capture human culpability intertwined with eco-relationships. In these powerful and personal poems, she offers readers/listeners no eco-action plans, no comfort zones--just our complicity in green.
Environmental Racism in Indianapolis
Authors: Clark Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Community-engaged research, grounded in the humanities and social sciences and rooted in ethnographic methods, can provide important insights into the ways that environmental racism impacts neighborhoods and communities. The Anthropocene Household project at the IUPUI Arts & Humanities Institute explores the current geological epoch, the Age of Humans, on a local level through the lens of the household in order to understand the experiences, knowledges, and practices associated with environmental change. In my research, I am looking at these experiences and understandings specifically related to environmental racism. In this paper I would like to explore two different examples of environmental racism in Indianapolis. One illustrates how white privilege plays a role in creating environmental racism and the other shows the impact of white supremacy in shaping government response to an issue of environmental racism. Both examples demonstrate the value in foregrounding the voices and experiences of the people who are living in these impacted communities. We cannot develop meaningful interventions into environmental racism without understanding these lived experiences and creating space to hear these voices.
Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight babies in a tertiary neonatal care unit in northern India
Authors: Sharma Manu , Dogra Mangat R , Katoch Deeksha , Sharma Mansi , Dutta Sourabh , Sharma Manu
Published: January 2022

To study the incidence and risk factors of Retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight babies in a tertiary neonatal care unit in northern India.

A prospective cohort study of all neonates born during January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, with birth weight less than 1000 grams. Demographic details, risk factors and incidence of ROP were studied.

Sixty babies were enrolled for the study with mean birth weight of 892.983±112.933 (560 to 1000) grams and mean gestation age of 29.47±2.258 (25-35) weeks. The incidence of ROP in this cohort was 50% (30 infants), out of which 23% (7 infants) required treatment (laser photocoagulation). The statistical analysis of risk factors on univariate analysis revealed significant association for oxygen exposure, apnoea, surfactant use, anaemia, blood transfusion, intraventricular haemorrhage, sepsis and antibiotic use. On multivariate logistic regression analysis anemia and oxygen exposure > week were found to be independent risk factors for development of ROP.

The incidence of ROP was although high in this exclusive cohort of babies born <1000g but there is substantial decrease in incidence as compared to that reported in earlier studies. Gestational age <30 wks, being appropriate for gestation rather than small for gestation, anemia and oxygen exposure>1 week were found to be independent risk factors for development of ROP in this cohort.
A comparative study of clinical outcome following topical versus peribulbar anesthesia in phacoemulsification surgery
Authors: Sulakod Keerti S , Srinivasa K H  , Maganty Vandana
Published: January 2022

The objective of our study was to evaluate and compare clinical outcomes, patients and surgeon’s satisfaction following topical versus peribulbar anesthesia in phacoemulsification surgery.

A hospital based Randomized Prospective interventional Comparative Study done between November 2017 to May 2019. A total of 200 patients included in the study, ocular examination, biometry were done. Patients were randomly distributed into group1 TA (topical anesthesia) and group 2 PA (Peribulbar anesthesia), they underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation, postoperative visual outcome and inflammation on day1 and after 1 week, VAS (Visual Analogue scale) pain scale used to analyse patients comfort and pain postoperatively. The Statistical analysis was performed by STATA 11.2 (College Station TX USA).

In our study 200 participated, it was found in PA group, 60.47 ± 11.86 yrs and in TA group 59.01 ± 11.29yrs as mean age, majority were male. PA group had few complications during anesthesia and in both groups majority had no intraoperative complications. Log Mar visual acuity postoperative day 1, PA group was 0.65±0.40 and in TA was 0.49±0.32, post operative visual recovery was better in TA group patients and had less pain and more comfortable than PA. Surgeon had difficulty more with TA group patients.

It was found, postoperative visual recovery was faster and better in patients with topical group with less postoperative inflammation and complications. Topical anesthesia being a non invasive procedure can be considered better than peribulbar when compared in terms of patients comfort and postoperative recovery.
An Innovative Teaching Tool: Manga for KOMSAS’ Prose Comprehension
Authors: Veeramuthu Saravanan P , Ganapathy Malini
Published: January 2022

Studying literature encourages thinking both critically and creatively. It helps to understand and interpret life through the lens of prose, poems, essays, and novels. The KOMSAS genre of literary materials require good pedagogical practices to ensure academic success of a student. The pivotal focus of this study is to assess the advantages of using ‘Manga’ as a creative tool to teach KOMSAS or traditional Malay literary prose and to determine its effectiveness on students’ performance. The aim of the study was also to explore the impact of using ‘Manga’ to enhance creativity among students in the classroom where traditional prose comprehension is taught. A quasi-experimental design was chosen as methodology and a study was conducted with high school students of Form Four. The research instrument involved a statistical achievement test. Findings from this research indicated that there were positive changes in the performance of students who used this Manga module. Teaching methods which could stimulate students’ interest in learning were helpful for students. Additionally, this study also found that students’ perception towards the teaching methods used by the teachers influenced their performance The main finding also highlighted students’ increased creativity when ‘Manga’ was used as a pedagogical tool. Teachers and collaborators can use this study as a point of reference when promoting ‘Manga’ as a creative device to teach Malay traditional prose in today’s classroom.
Oviposition Deterrence and Ovicidal Activity of Birbira (Melletia furrgunia) on Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Authors: Nega Adem , Mulatu Bayeh
Published: January 2022

The efficacy of different polar and non-polar solvent extracts of Birbira, Melletia furrginea (Hochst.) Baker tree seeds namely: Water, Acetic acid, Acetone, Chloroform, Toluene, and Hexane at different rates were evaluated on Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. oviposition and egg mortality under laboratory conditions. The leaf dipping method was used to run both assays. In the assay, full Oviposition deterrence was recorded at the higher rates of polar solvent extracts. Significantly higher egg un-hatchability was recorded only at the higher rates for non-polar extracts. Eggs mortality caused by extracts with Water and Acetone was very high, and have much smaller LC50 values. In contrast, LC50 was higher for the other extracts. However, there was a constant increase in the percent kill of egg mass with the increase in the extract concentration. From this study, it is evident that M. furrgunia extracts with different solvents possess significant oviposition deterrence and ovicidal effect on P. xylostella.
Efficiency of Zinc in Plants, its Deficiency and Sensitivity for Different Crops
Authors: Tayyiba Laaraib , Zafar Hooria , Gondal Aqarab Husnain , Farooq Qammar , Mukhtar Muhammad  Muzammil , Hussain Rizwan , Aslam Nauman , Muzaffar Amna , Sattar Ismat
Published: January 2022

Optimal crop nutrition is a significant factor in increasing agricultural vintage and quality of products. Zinc (Zn) is an immobile important micronutrient, which is taken up by plants in Zn2+ form to complete their life cycle efficiently. It plays a critical metabolic role in plants and is an important constituent of proteins and other large-molecules, and serves as structural and functional unit, or controlling cofactor for a wide range of enzymes. The Zn is needed in small and in appropriate amounts for plants main physiological processes to work normally. These processes play critical roles in photosynthetic activity of plants and forming carbohydrates, synthesis of protein, reproduction and seed development, growth, and disease protection. After Zn deficiency in plants, these physical functions are decreased, and plant health and productivity suffer greatly, subsequent in reduced production or even failure of crops and often bad quality of crop products. Plant Zn deficiencies occur on variety of soils and are severe due to a combination of symptoms like chlorosis, resetting, dieback and suppressed or irregular vegetative development. In addition, various crops require varying amount of Zn. So the knowledge regarding this is not up to date. The present review discusses the Zn importance in plants, its deficiency in soil and required level of Zn for crops.
Factors Influencing the Extent of Corporate Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards in South Africa
Authors: Putsai Unity Maqeda , Mkhize Msizi
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of company attributes on compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The study used a sample of 46 listed companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) covering the period from 1993 to 2017. With an average compliance level of 88.21304, it is concluded that South Africa’s listed firms have significantly complied with IFRS 1. Using panel data to analyze the effects of company attributes, size and leverage have a significant positive effect on IFRS 1 compliance. On the other hand, the coefficients of Earnings Per Share (EPS) and Return on Total Assets (ROTA) are negative and significant. This similarly implies that ROTA and EPS are important factors driving the compliance level of the companies in South Africa with the IFRS 1 disclosure. EPS and ROTA also exhibit an inverse relationship with the compliance level. Carrying out a longitudinal study helps to produce more recent evidence on the quality of IFRS financial reports in South Africa. The outcome of the study is beneficial to international literature as it provides enough evidence on the benefits of adopting IFRS adoption.
Cadmium Level Status in Iranian Breast Milk: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ghaffarian Bahraman Ali , Rezaeian Mohsen
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Due to the lack of a systematic review on cadmium status in breast milk of Iranian mothers, this study was designed to evaluate the published articles on factors affecting the exposure and the levels of cadmium in breast milk.
Methods: In this study, English and Farsi electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Magiran, Iran Medex and SID were comprehensively searched for papers published from July 2009 until May 2021. The PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews were followed for screening and reviewing the processes involved in this study.
Results: From 102 articles found in the initial search, 9 studies were included in systematic review. The highest mean cadmium concentration was related to milk samples collected from Kerman City. Among study factors, the exposure to cigarette smoke, living near industrial centers and maternal nutrition had a significant effect on increasing the concentration of cadmium in breast milk.
Conclusion: Further studies are demanded to obtain more comprehensive and reliable results on the status of cadmium in breast milk of Iranian mothers.
Effect of Cell Culture Medium on the Proliferation and Stemness of CD24-/CD44+ Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Nadia Yalista Fatia , Syahrani Resda Akhra , Arumsari Sekar , Sadikin Mohamad , Wanandi Septelia Inawati
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) is defined as tumor initiating cells within tumor that maintain stemness properties and tumorigenicity. Extracellular pH of CSCs in in vitro condition is important for supporting cell proliferation which may also regulate the expression of stemness markers such as OCT4. This work aimed to examine the effect of cell culture media on the proliferation and stemness of human breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs).METHODS: Human CD24-/CD44+ BCSCs were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium/F-12 (DMEM/F-12) with 15mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), without HEPES and adjusted to pH 7.4, or without HEPES but pH was not adjusted. BCSCs were grown under standard conditions for various days. Viable cell number was measured using trypan blue exclusion, whereas proliferation rate using MTS assay. OCT4 mRNA and protein were analyzed using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot assay, respectively. In vitro tumorigenic activity was determined using mammosphere formation unit (MFU) assay.RESULTS: Our results showed a higher viable cell number and proliferation of BCSCs in DMEM/F-12 HEPES (-) compared to HEPES (+) medium until 4 day incubation. OCT4 mRNA and protein level, as well as MFU of BCSCs were significantly higher in HEPES (-) compared to HEPES (+) medium on day 2.CONCLUSION: DMEM/F-12 medium without HEPES facilitates CD24-/CD44+ BCSCs to have higher proliferation and stemness on day 2 incubation compared to those with HEPES.KEYWORDS: breast cancer, cancer stem cell, OCT4, stemness, proliferation
Problem-based learning supported by arguments scaffolding that affect critical thinking teacher candidates
Authors: Cahyono Budi , Kartono Kartono , Waluya Budi , Mulyono Mulyono , Setyawati Rina Dwi
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the PBL model with argumentation scaffolding on changes in the critical thinking of teacher candidates’ teachers in terms of personality type and gender. This research is quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. 28 prospective teachers who take the algebraic structure course are the samples of this study. Critical thinking skills scores were analysed descriptively and statistically with normality test and paired t-test. The results showed that the application of PBL with argumentation scaffolding was effective in increasing the critical thinking of prospective teachers from the criteria of "less critical" to "critical enough" and the n-gain results were categorized as moderate when viewed from the aspect of personality type. and gender. The existence of differences in critical thinking that is influenced by gender and personality type is a research finding that must be considered to determine the learning model.       

 

Keywords: Problem-based learning, gender, critical thinking, personality type
Teachers’ insights into the role of teamwork among students in public schools
Authors: Khanfar Asmaa Radi
Published: January 2022

Despite the fact that establishing a culture of teamwork among students is one of the most important functions and duties of the school, very few studies have addressed this issue in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the role of all-female schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in promoting a culture of teamwork among its students from the point of view of teachers. The study followed the descriptive- analytical approach: a random sample of teacher participants were selected to represent the public school community. A questionnaire was distributed among all teacher participants for data collection, and the SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The study’s results revealed that all areas regarding the culture of teamwork received high approval ratings. Further, the study recommends involving teachers and students in drafting the school's vision by providing all means of communication between departments, especially electronic platforms, including recognition of outstanding teamwork.

Keywords: collective achievement; public education, teamwork
Organizational agility to counter coronavirus implications in emerging Saudi universities
Authors: Alharbi Gasem Aail
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study's primary goal was to uncover the reality of organizational agility in emerging universities. It also aimed to determine the statistical variances between the mean scores of the sample used in the axes of the organizational agility questionnaire for these universities. The main variables used are gender, academic position, and years of experience. Methodology: The study utilized the descriptive method. The data collection process entailed handing out questionnaires to a sample of seven hundred and forty-seven faculty members in Jazan, Bishah, Hafar Al-Batin, Shaqraa, and Najran Universities. Results: Emerging universities regularly practice organizational agility in light of the emerging coronavirus with high flexibility at moderate costs. The study's results also indicated mathematically substantial variances at the degree of viability between the male sample's average and the female sample's average in favor of the female sample in the timing and the flexibility of practices. It also indicated statistically significant variances at the degree of significance between the mean scores of the research sample, attributed to the difference in the academic position in the timing, flexibility, and cost of practices.

 Keywords: Coronavirus, Degree of variability Emerging universities, Organizational agility, Strategy,
The contribution of psychological barriers in predicting the cognitive load among the university students’ users of blackboard system
Authors: Abdellatif Mohamed Sayed , Abdul-Gawad Mervat Azmy Zaki
Published: January 2022

Psychological barriers are one of the most common problems facing individuals nowadays due to everyday life pressures. The current research aimed at identifying the extent to which psychological barriers contribute to predicting the perceived cognitive load of blackboard e-learning management system users. The research sample comprised (240) male and female among the University Students. The descriptive-analytical approach, specifically the predictive correlative research method was utilized to reveal the relationship between the research variables. The research main results revealed that there was a statistically significant correlative positive relationship between the psychological barriers and the cognitive load (intrinsic, extraneous, and the overall degree), and there was no statistically correlative relationship between psychological barriers and the Germane cognitive load. Besides, results concluded that the external psychological barriers were better at predicting the overall degree of the perceived cognitive load. Psychological barriers and cognitive load must be considered within the e-learning settings through making use of the results of the current study in developing training and counseling programs to reduce the students' psychological barriers and cognitive load levels.

 

Keywords: psychological barriers; cognitive load; Blackboard system
Academic procrastination' relation to undesirable behaviours among faculty members from the students' perspective
Authors: Samawi Fadi S. , Alramamna Asri A. , Alkhatib Bilal A. , Alghafary Nedal A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Academic procrastination had been reported widely to be in association with unwanted behaviours among university students. However, this association was not studied extensively in higher educational institutions. Aim: This research aimed to measure the level of academic procrastination among college students and the unwanted behaviours among faculty members from students' viewpoints. Method: The research sample consisted of 430 students randomly selected for the summer semester 2016/2017 using the descriptive correlation approach. An instrument to measure academic procrastination was developed to achieve the aims of the research. Results: The findings indicated that the level of academic procrastination was medium, whereas unwanted behaviours were high. The findings result showed a negative association between academic procrastination and unwanted behaviours. One of the most dimensions of unwanted behaviours that forecasted academic procrastination is the dimension of managing and organising classrooms.

Keywords: Academic procrastination; educational psychology; descriptive approach; university students/Jordan; unwanted

behaviours.
Features of the training process of freestyle wrestlers in the pre-competition stage
Authors: Konakbayev Bakytbek , Bekembetova Raisa , Bekturganov Omirzhan
Published: January 2022

As a kind of sport, wrestling is characterized by a complex compositional nature of preparing, which requires equal attention to the development of the physical and functional qualities of an athlete. The aim of the study is to optimize the mode and algorithm of training loads of a competitive nature in the period of preparation. The effectiveness of the training process was evaluated by functional indices and blood lactate level not only at the end of training load, but also in the recovery period. In the process of the study also, pedagogical analysis was carried out, anthropometric parameters and analysis of body components were determined. The results of the study indicate the need for regular monitoring of the regime of loads in order to timely correction of the training process, taking into account the individual characteristics of wrestlers at the stage of pre-competition preparing.

Keywords: competitive wrestling; freestyle wrestling; functional preparation; lactate; training process.
Local wisdom-based character education for special needs students in inclusive elementary schools
Authors: Ibnu Syamsi , Tahar Mohd. Muchtor
Published: January 2022

The research aims to describe how local wisdom can be orchestrated in the well-implemented character education for inclusive elementary schools (ESs). A total of 50 teachers and 200 students from 50 inclusive ESs in four districts and one municipality in Indonesia participated in the study. The data, collected by conducting interviews, observation, and documentation, were analyzed by means of qualitative descriptive techniques. There were three major themes identified. Students preferred traditional games as their favorite means of learning. Togetherness in team-based games encouraged the students to see their special needs differences as normal. Furthermore, the accessibility of the traditional games’ tools empowered the students. These findings suggest that traditional children’s games are to be elaborated and used to support the local wisdom-based character education in the inclusive ESs, and teachers are to initiate and develop the use of various locally originated children’s games to enhance character education.       

 

Keywords: character education, local wisdom, special needs
Future cities: Speculation on the case for vertical biophilic cities
Authors: Kotzen Benz
Published: January 2022

As the world’s population increases and as populations of cities increase there is a real need to find solutions to accommodate these people. Vertical cities may provide a solution. Whilst megastructures have been built as individual buildings, thus far there are no vertical cities, but the existing megastructures indicate this is possible. The skyscrapers of vertical cities can be integrated in the skies as well as below ground as earthscrapers and host all the functions of the city including green spaces such as parks and gardens and urban agriculture. The current model of a central city core area and expansive suburbs does not provide a solution for future growth. Past and future losses in ecosystem services through extensive horizontal development cannot be sanctioned. This is an ‘ideas paper’ which speculates on the forms of future vertical cities and the necessity of integrating biophilia into the vertical city as not only do vertical cities provide an answer to accommodating the world’s burgeoning population, but the compact footprint of the city allows for an increase in nature, access to nature, allowing land that would be swamped by development to be used for farming, water collection, forests and other land uses that host the ecosystem services that are required by people and the planet.