bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of solvents based on Hansen solubility parameters for calix[4]arene acetic-acid derivatives as extractants of metal ions
Authors: Oshima Tatsuya , Ishibashi Tatsuya , Ohto Keisuke
Published: November 2022

Calixarene derivatives exhibit excellent extractability and selectivity for metal ions based on their chelating and size-discriminating effects; however, their poor solubility in aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are used as solvents in industrial processes, hinders their practical use. In this study, the relationship between solubility of calix[4]arene acetic-acid derivatives in various organic solvents and Hansen solubility parameters of the solvents was investigated. The center coordinates of the Hansen solubility sphere of the p-tert-octylcalix[4]arene acetic-acid derivative (tOct[4]CH2COOH), as determined from its solubility in 50 different solvents, are δD = 17.24, δP = 4.73, δH = 4.45, which indicate that this extractant is less polar than p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene acetic-acid derivative. The solubilities of tOct[4]CH2COOH in diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (DBC) and 2-nonanone (2-NON) were 92.6 mM and 91.1 mM, respectively. DBC and 2-NON are relatively preferable as solvents from the viewpoint of physical properties (low viscosity, relatively low water solubility, and high flash point). Extractability of Pb(II) using tOct[4]CH2COOH dissolved in various solvents was compared. Extraction in DBC proceeded at much higher pH than that in other solvents. Extraction of various metals in 2-NON proceeded at higher pH than that in chloroform. The order of metal selectivity of tOct[4]CH2COOH in 2-NON was similar to that in chloroform. The extraction reaction for Pb(II) using tOct[4]CH2COOH was determined by slope analysis. These results suggest that 2-NON can be an alternative to chlorinated solvents for use of tOct[4]CH2COOH as a metal extractant.
The antibacterial activity and Pickering emulsion stabilizing effect of a novel peptide, SA6, isolated from salted-fermented Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Yang Shen , Dai Jingyi , Juventus Aweya , Lin Rong , Weng Wuyin , Xie Yuanhong , Jin Ritian
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to improve bacterial inhibition in Pickering emulsions during storage using antimicrobial peptides. A peptide (ARHQGVMVGMGQK), designated SA6, isolated from the broth of salt-fermented shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Peptide SA6 had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 15.6 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. The mean particle size of SPI-SA6 particles (417.4 nm) was significantly smaller compared with soybean isolate protein (SPI) (463.3 nm). Moreover, the polydispersity index (PDI) decreased with increasing peptide concentration, while the particles were stabilized by hydrogen bonding. SPI-SA6 Pickering emulsions were stable for the entire storage period (7 d) and had lower creaming index and droplet size compared with SPI Pickering emulsions. Further, SPI-SA6 Pickering emulsion could effectively inhibit bacterial growth and disrupt bacterial cell membrane structure, to significantly decrease bacteria (S. aureus) numbers to 2.83 CFU/mL during storage and therefore extending the inhibition time. Collectively, peptide SA6 could stabilize Pickering emulsion while exerting antibacterial effects.
Effects of COVID-19 on Chinese overseas students' mental health: a multi-country cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Nie Yingjun , Ma Yuanyan , Zhang Ce , Gao Yijia , Li Jiahui , Zheng Xiangping
Published: November 2022

Background: COVID-19 caused serious mental health burden for international students. However, only several international students obtained related mental health services. The topic of international students' mental health has the bigger jump among social and educational concerns during the pandemic. This study surveyed the effects of COVID-19 on the mental health of Chinese overseas students to provide essential reference for identifying mental health problems of Chinese overseas students, so that they can be targeted for timely crisis-oriented and tailoring mental health interventions during periods of public health emergencies.
Methods: Descriptive statistics such as percentages, 95% CIs, means and standard deviations were calculated to reflect the demographic characteristics of the survey population. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of continuous variables. The chi-square test was used to determine the statistical significance of the differences in participants' mental health status. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing on Chinese overseas students' mental health. The data were analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods.
Results: Chinese overseas students had several poor mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the degree of mental health burden might differ between countries, but there were not notable differences in gender (p = 0.75) and in ant-pandemic duration. Some main factors caused an unhealthy psychological status, including epidemic severity in residence（67.94%, 95% CI：67.06% — 68.82%）, fear of being infected（64.54%, 95% CI：63.72% — 65.36%）, worries of academic performance（62. 43%, 95% C%I：60.64% — 64.22）, infection control policies of the host government（58. 09%, 95% CI：57. 16% — 59. 01%）, epidemic preventive measures of locals（56. 03%, 95% CI：55. 10% — 56. 96%）, obstruction of return trips（54.85%, 95% CI：53.91% — 55. 79%）, mutation of the epidemic virus（53. 75%, 95% CI：52. 71% — 54. 79%）.
Conclusions: The main conclusion of this research is that Chinese overseas students experience mental health burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic and they need timely psychological services, positive support, and tailoring guidance to better manage mental health in this unusual situation.
Limited ability of the Caprini Score to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries
Authors: Zambelli Roberto , Nemeth Banne , Touw Carolina E. , Rosendaal Frits R. , Rezende Suely M. , Cannegieter Suzanne C.
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the Caprini score in patients undergoing any orthopedic surgery.
METHODS: Data from a large population-based case–control study (MEGA study) on the etiology of VTE were used. Cases and controls completed a questionnaire on risk factors for VTE, which information was used to calculate the Caprini score. Odds Ratios (OR) with their 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were also evaluated. The overall discriminative predictive performance was assessed by estimating the Area Under the Curve (AUC) with a Receiver Operating Characteristic.
RESULTS: Of 4,721 cases and 5,638 controls, 263 cases and 94 controls had undergone an orthopedic surgery. A total of 20.9% (55/263) cases and 41.5% (39/94) controls were classified in the lowest risk group (Caprini <5 points). Patients with a Caprini score >11 points had about six-fold (OR 6.3, CI 95% 1.7-22.9) increased risk of VTE and patients with a score of 9-10 had a three-fold increased risk (OR 3.5, CI 95% 1.2-10.3), as compared to patients with a Caprini score of 0-2 points. The discriminative performance was moderate with an AUC of 0.64 (CI 95% 0.58-0.71). Using a cut-off >5 points to stratify patients at high risk of VTE, the sensitivity was 79%, the specificity was 41% and the PPV 2.3%.
CONCLUSION: The Caprini score is a tool that can assist orthopedic surgeons to classify patients’ risk for post-operative VTE. However, its discriminative predictive performance was estimated to be moderate.
Mental Health Nurses’ Perceptions of Providing Pharmaceutical Care in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhamidi Sami , Alyousef Seham
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To investigate caring roles in nurse pharmaceutical care and to offer an initial report of psychiatric/mental health nurses’ experiences of psychiatric pharmaceutical care.
Methods
This study used a qualitative exploratory focus group discussion with nine experienced psychiatric nurses. Inductive data were gathered using open-ended probes and theoretical sampling and were analyzed to yield themes and subthemes.
Results
Principal themes and subthemes emerged from the data analyzed. These themes illuminated nurses’ experiences with respect to the use of pharmaceutical medication in the mental health setting, including ​(i) nurses’ responsibilities for psychiatric pharmaceutical medications, (ii) experiences in multi-disciplinary teams, (iii) nurses’ knowledge and education regarding medication, and (iv) barriers faced by psychiatric nurses during practice.
Conclusion
Nurses involved in pharmaceutical care need additional training, interprofessional collaboration, and clearly codified parameters to guide their professional practice in this aspect of care. Working with medication is an important role of mental health nurses. However, little attention has focused on these nurses’ perspectives on where the responsibility lies for preparing nurses for safe, competent medication management of their patients.
Ten-Years functional and oncological outcomes of a prospective randomised controlled trial comparing laparoscopic versus robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Running title: RARP vs LRP after 10 years of follow-up
Authors: Checcucci Enrico , De Cillis Sabrina , Alladio Eugenio , Piramide Federico , Volpi Gabriele , Granato Stefano , Zamengo Davide , Amparore Daniele , Piana Alberto , Manfredi Matteo , Vallariello Edoardo , Stura Ilaria , Dio Michele Di , Autorino Riccardo , Fiori Cristian , Porpiglia Francesco
Published: November 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to present oncological, functional and quality of life data after 10 years of follow-up of a prospective RCT comparing RARP vs LRP.
Methods: This is a single center prospective parallel two arms randomized control trial for patients with localized PCa, who underwent LRP or RARP between January 2010 and January 2011. Functional (continence and potency) and oncological (PSA, biochemical recurrence [BCR] and BCR free survival [BCRFS] variables were evaluated. BCRFS curves were estimated by the Kaplan- Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Furthermore, machine learning PLS-DA was tested as supervised multivariate data analysis to identify the variables that characterize more the patients who underwent RARP or LRP.
Results and Limitations: of the 120 patients enrolled, 75 patients remained on follow-up for 10 years; 40 (53%) underwent RARP and 35 (47%) LRP. Long term data did not find significant advantages in terms of continence and potency recovery, despite a Δ12% for continence and Δ8% for potency in favour of robotic approach (p=0.068 and p=0.56 respectively). PLS-DA revealed that LRP was characterized by worst functional related outcomes analyzing the entire follow-up period. 4 (10%) and 6 (17%) patients experienced BCR in RARP and LRP Group respectively (p= 0.36) with an overall 10-yr BCR free survival of 88% and 78% (p=0.16). No differences were found at EPIC 45 and EPIC 1 questions at the end of the follow-up period (p = 0.30 and p = 0.57) respectively.
Conclusions: Similar continence and potency rate were found between RARP and LRP at 10 years of follow-up. However, better quality of micturition and sexual outcomes at the end of long term follow-up was reached with a higher rate of totally dry patients and better erections in terms of IIEF-5 score in RARP cohort. Similar oncological outcomes reported.
Difficult Aspects of Treatments Patients With Acute Lung Abscesses Who Survived COVID -19
Authors: S.S. Atakov , A.O. Okhunov , Sh.A. Bobokulova , U.K. Kasimov , A.R. Bobabekov
Published: November 2022

Suppurative diseases of the lungs are topical issues of pulmonology that require detailed study due to the difficulties of diagnosis and high mortality of patients. This is due to several objective and subjective reasons such as the widespread use of antibioticresistant microflora, which is especially important when antibiotics are prescribed unreasonably, even with a mild form of COVID − 19. This, of course, affects COVID patients, who already have reduced immunity. The question of the exact mechanism of development of purulent complications of the lungs after or during infection with COVID − 19 remains open. Clinical and radiological signs of a lung abscess often resemble the symptoms of pneumonia; however, antibacterial, and symptomatic therapy have differences. With gangrene of the lung, the increase in intoxication syndrome can be gradual, which reduces the doctor's alertness regarding the most severe disease and causes inadequate therapy. Comprehensive diagnostic measures, knowledge of the main clinical, instrumental and laboratory parameters are necessary for all physicians.
Secondary perianal Paget’s disease from adenocarcinoma of the anorectal juncture:a case report
Authors: He Jun , Shen Zhong , Peng Jian-Zhong , Wang Tao , Si-Jia Lu , Wang Hou-Dong , Zhang Xiu-Feng
Published: November 2022

Background：Secondary extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare EMPD-like lesion deriving from the cutaneous extension of malignant cells and easy to be misdiagnosed. In this report, we present a more rare case suffered from secondary perianal Paget’s disease(PPD )which is associated with adenocarcinoma of the anorectal juncture.
Case presentation：We experienced a rare case of secondary perianal Paget’s disease (PPD) which associated with adenocarcinoma of the anorectal juncture. Preoperative mapping biopsy was applied to the margin assessment. The patient recovered well with a comprehensive treatment.
Conclusion：Perianal Paget disease secondary to adenocarcinoma of the anal canal is a rare disease. Early diagnosis and treatment for secondary PPD are critical for prognosis.Preoperative mapping biopsy could be considered as an alternative technique for margin assessment.
Neutralizing antibodies from prior exposure negatively correlate with dengue viremia and may influence serotype dominance
Authors: Anantharaj Anbalagan , Agrawal Tanvi , Shashi Pooja , Tripathi Alok , Kumar Parveen , Khan Imran , Pareek Madhu , Singh Balwant , Kumar Saurabh , Pandey Rajesh , Chandele Anmol , Lodha Rakesh , Whitehead Steve , Medigeshi Guruprasad
Published: November 2022

India is hyperendemic to dengue virus and over 50% of the adults are seropositive but there is limited information on the association between prior dengue exposure with neutralizing antibody profiles and how this could influence virus evolution and vaccine development. In this work, we found that the dengue seropositivity increased with age and pre-existing antibody levels negatively correlated with viremia during acute phase of illness. Adults showed a higher levels of viremia which associated with lower levels of neutralizing antibodies as compared to children. The titers of neutralizing antibodies negatively influenced the dominance of circulating dengue serotypes with highest levels of the neutralizing antibodies against DENV-2 followed by DENV-1, DENV-3 and DENV-4. We observed minimal cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies with related flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus and the antibodies elicited against Indian isolates show a reduced ability to neutralize international dengue isolates.
Fruit wine or grain liquor? Re-investigation for the residue of the bronze pot excavated from Beibai’e cemetery, Shanxi China
Authors: Li Yufang , Zhang Ganyu , Nan Puheng , Yang Jiyun , Cao Jun , Ma Zhikun , Ge Wei , Wen Rui
Published: November 2022

Beibai’e cemetery is a high-status noble tomb group of the early Spring-Autumn period (770 B.C − 476 B.C). A sealed bronze pot with mud and liquid residue was excavated from M1 tomb. The previous investigation showed that the residue was fruit fermented wine since the syringic acid was identified. However, it is in contradiction with the tradition of grain wine brewing in the central plains of China since the Neolithic period. The syringic acid was considered to be the unique biomarker of the fruit wine discussed in this paper. The multi-analytical techniques including FTIR, HPLC-MS, and plant microfossil analysis were applied in the study. The results indicated that the residue was considered to be grain liquor rather than fruit wine. The study showed that comprehensive analysis and multiple evidence were necessary for the wine residue research.
A versatile method to archive and delipidate brain tissues for ensuing multiplexed immunolabeling and organ-level imaging
Authors: Lin Ya-Hui , Wang Li-Wen , Chen Yen-Hui , Chan Yi-Chieh , Hu Shang-Hsiu , Wu Sheng-Yan , Chiang Chi-Shiun , Huang Guan-Jie , Yang Shang-Da , Chu Shi-Wei , Wang Kuo-Chuan , Lin Chin-Hsien , Huang Pei-Hsin , Cheng Hwai-Jong , Chen Bi-Chang , Chu Li-An
Published: November 2022

Current tissue clearing and labeling approaches require freshly prepared samples to avoid problems related to over-fixation, such as loss of antigenicity or difficulty of tissue clearing. Thus, the predicament of specimens with long-term preservation limits the application of state-of-art technology to archived human brain tissues. Here, we present the development and validation of multiplex labeling of centimeter-sized archived tissue (MOCAT)—a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedding (FFPE)–based sample preservation and delipidation technique for centimeter-level tissue clearing and immunolabeling. We demonstrate that MOCAT sufficiently delipidates whole mouse brain and human brain blocks and is superior to 10% formalin for long-term antigenicity preservation; moreover, the spatial information of biomarkers offered by MOCAT-processed intact mouse brains is identical to that offered by freshly prepared SDS-delipidated intact mouse brains. MOCAT not only satisfies the need for long-term tissue storage before performing volumetric multiplex imaging for research purposes but also has the potential to be used in human clinical examination.
Heart rate variability after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy
Authors: Frandsen Mikkel Nicklas , Huang Lin , Petersen René Horsleben , Foss Nicolai Bang , Mehlsen Jesper , Kehlet Henrik
Published: November 2022

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measurement of autonomic nervous system functioning and is potentially related to hypotension, postoperative atrial fibrillation, and orthostatic intolerance. However, there is a lack of knowledge on which specific time points and indices to measure. To improve future study design, there is a need for procedure-specific studies in an enhanced recovery video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy setting, and for continuous measurement of perioperative HRV.
Methods: HRV was measured continuously from 2 days before until 9 days after VATS lobectomy in 28 patients. Patients filled out the Orthostatic Discriminant and Severity Scale 4 times during the study to describe the symptom burden possibly related to autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
Results: After VATS lobectomy, with median length of stay = 4 days, the standard deviation between normal-to-normal beats and the total power of HRV were reduced for 8 days during the night and day times, while low-to-high frequency variation and detrended fluctuation analysis were stable. An increase in orthostatic intolerance was potentially related to HRV. There was an increase in pain, weakness, and fatigue. Two patients developed postoperative atrial fibrillation
Conclusions: This is the first detailed study to show that HRV measures of total variability was reduced following fast-track VATS lobectomy, while other measures were more stable. Further, preoperative HRV measures showed circadian variation. Preoperative HRV as a risk factor for postoperative orthostatic intolerance and atrial fibrillation requires further study. The results demonstrate a valid design platform for future HRV studies in relation to postoperative outcomes.
Use of nutria fecal samples for the molecular identification of Strongyloides myopotami infection and the determination of nutria haplotypes in Japan
Authors: Makoto  , Yuga  , Atsushi  , Ryosuke  , Yuzuru  , Atsushi  , Tomoyuki  , Kazumi
Published: November 2022

Strongyloides myopotami is a zoonotic parasite that percutaneously causes a severe pruriginous rash. S. myopotami are frequently detected in nutrias in Japan. Identification of S. myopotami is commonly conducted based on the morphological characteristics of adult worms and cultured larvae after autopsy. However, to further our understanding of the parasitic infection in nutrias, it would be preferable to be able to noninvasively confirm S. myopotami infection using only a few grams of feces. In the present study, we attempted to identify S. myopotami using only DNA extracted from nematode eggs obtained from fecal samples collected after conventional fecal examinations. Among nine previously reported primer pairs targeting the 18S rRNA gene of Strongyloides spp., most could not specifically amplify sequences in PCR assays, and the sequences of amplicons could not be determined. We newly designed primers that successfully amplified partial sequences of the 18S rRNA gene in S. myopotami that could be sequenced. Additionally, haplotypes of nutrias could be determined using DNA extracted from a small amount of feces as a template for mitochondrial DNA-specific PCR followed by sequencing. Our simple protocol is expected to be useful in nationwide surveys for clarifying the risk of human infection.
IMpleMenting Effective infection prevention and control in ReSidential aged carE (IMMERSE): protocol for a multi-level mixed methods implementation study
Authors: Tropea Joanne , Peters Sanne , Francis Jill J , Bennett Noleen , Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre , Buising Kirsty , Lim Lyn-li , Marshall Caroline , Flynn Madelaine , Murray Michael , Yates Paul , Aboltins Craig , Johnson Douglas , Kwong Jason , Long Karrie , McCahon Judy , Lim Wen K
Published: November 2022

Background

Older people living in residential aged care facilities are at high risk of acquiring infections such as influenza, gastroenteritis, and more recently COVID-19. These infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among this cohort. Quality infection prevention and control practice in residential aged care is therefore imperative. Although appointment of a dedicated infection prevention and control (IPC) lead in every Australian residential aged care facility is now mandated, all people working in this setting have a role to play in IPC. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed inadequacies in IPC in this sector and highlighted the need for interventions to improve implementation of best practice.

Methods

Using mixed methods, this four-phase implementation study will use theory-informed approaches to: (1) assess residential aged care facilities’ readiness for IPC practice change, (2) explore current practice using scenario-based assessments, (3) investigate barriers to best practice IPC, and (4) determine and evaluate feasible and locally tailored solutions to overcome the identified barriers. IPC leads will be upskilled and supported to operationalise the selected solutions. Staff working in residential aged care facilities, residents and their families will be recruited for participation in surveys and semi-structured interviews. Data will be analysed and triangulated at each phase, with findings informing the subsequent phases. Stakeholder groups at each facility and the IMMERSE project’s Reference Group will contribute to the interpretation of findings at each phase of the project.

Discussion

This multi-site study will comprehensively explore infection prevention and control practices in residential aged care. It will inform and support locally appropriate evidence-based strategies for enhancing infection prevention and control practice.
Fluvial response to Quaternary Hydroclimate in Eastern Africa: Evidence from Gona, Afar
Authors: Stinchcomb Gary E. , Quade Jay , Levin Naomi E. , Iverson Nels , Dunbar Nelia , McIntosh William , Arnold Lee , Demuro Martina , Duval Mathieu , Grün Rainer , Zhao Jian-xin , White Marie , Rogers Mike , Semaw Sileshi
Published: November 2022

The Busidima Formation in the Afar region, Ethiopia, spans the Quaternary and records the cultural evolution of the genus Homo. Yet, the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene fluvial environments in which early humans lived are undersampled in eastern Africa. This paper examines the stratigraphy, geochronology and paleoenvironments of the newly designated Odele Member of the uppermost Busidima Formation (< 152 thousand years (ka)), which has received little attention despite being a critical period in the evolution of early Homo sapiens and its migration out of Africa. The Odele Member is 40–50 m thick and spans 151 to 7 ka, defined at the base by the widespread Waidedo Vitric Tuff (WAVT, 151 ± 16 ka modeled age and 95.4% C.I.). There are two prominent erosional unconformities in the Odele Member, a lower one after the WAVT deposition with a modeled 95.4% C.I. range of 124 − 97 ka; and an upper one involving widespread alluvial fan incision commencing between 13 and 10.6 ka. The uppermost Odele Member also contains black, organic-rich mats, redox features, reed casts, and semi-aquatic and aquatic gastropods marking wetter conditions during the terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene. A black, fine-grained relict soil coeval with the Halalalee paleosol bounds the top of the Odele Member and has mollic and vertic properties, weathering since ~ 12 ka. These incision events and prominent paleosol development near/at the top of the Busidima Formation document Middle to Late Pleistocene Awash River incision to its present-day course. Paleo-rainfall estimates suggest that the Early Holocene-age Halalalee paleosol weathered under a climate with mean annual rainfall 10–15% higher than today. A compilation of radiocarbon ages from aquatic gastropods, carbonized wood and charcoal from the upper Odele Member shows wetter and possibly more vegetated conditions during late marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and the African Humid Period (AHP) that are tightly coupled with precession-driven summer insolation maxima. The Odele Member revises upward the age of the Busidima Formation to 7 ka, showing that it spans into the Holocene and now includes Middle and Later Stone Age archaeological traditions.
Dokumentation von Best-Practice-Beispielen zum Umgang mit dem Fahren ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Stefanie , Wilde Mathias , Lanzendorf Martin
Published: November 2022

In Deutschland und Europa versuchen Verkehrsunternehmen und -verbünde bereits seit längerer Zeit gegen das Fahren ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein vorzugehen, ihre Fahrgeldeinnahmen zu sichern und zu steigern sowie die Quote der Personen, die den ÖPNV ohne (gültiges) Ticket nutzen, zu minimieren. Auf Grundlage des ersten Arbeitspaketes (Literaturanalyse zum Stand der Forschung: Schwerdtfeger et al. 2016) wurden Maßnahmen untersucht, die zum Erreichen der genannten Ziele beitragen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Best Practice Beispielen, also Maßnahmen, die in der Praxis als erfolgreich hinsichtlich der Reduzierung des Fahrens ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein sowie hinsichtlich der Einnahmesicherung und -steigerung angesehen werden. Das Ergebnis der Untersuchung ist eine umfangreiche Auseinandersetzung mit Best Practice Beispielen in Bezug auf das Fahren ohne (gültigen) Fahrschein. Außerdem wurden aktuell diskutierte Ansätze alternativer Finanzierungsinstrumente hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung zur Finanzierung des ÖPNV untersucht. Zwar können alternative Finanzierungsinstrumente derzeit noch nicht als Best Practice eingestuft werden, allerdings stehen sie in direkter Beziehung zur Einnahmesicherung im ÖPNV-Sektor.
Handlungsansätze zur verbesserten Verknüpfung von Fahrrad und Öffentlichem Verkehr
Authors: Czowalla Lucas , Blechschmidt Andreas , Busch Dahlia , Fromberg Andrea , Grün Christiane , Gwiasda Peter , Hartmann Pia , Wilde Mathias , Lanzendorf Martin
Published: November 2022

Die Verknüpfung des Fahrrades mit dem Öffentlichen Verkehr (ÖV) kann den Umweltverbund stärken, den Übergang von einem Verkehrssystem auf das andere erleichtern und eine attraktive Alternative zum motorisierten Individualverkehr schaffen. Die vorliegende Arbeit repräsentiert den zweiten umfassenden Projektbericht innerhalb des Forschungsprojektes „Verbesserte Integration des Fahrrads in den öffentlichen Verkehr – Systematische Erschließung von Handlungsoptionen und Bewertung von Best-Practices“. Im ersten Projektbericht (ebenfalls in dieser Arbeitspapierreihe erschienen – Nr. 15) wurden die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre in den infrastrukturellen Themenfeldern Fahrradmitnahme, Fahrradverleihsysteme und Fahrradabstellanlagen aufgearbeitet und Fragen zu Kommunikation und Marketing der Angebote sowie zu Möglichkeiten der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung zur verbesserten Integration von Fahrrad und Öffentlichem Verkehr diskutiert. Darauf aufbauend werden im vorliegenden Bericht die Ergebnisse vertiefender Fallstudien dargestellt, mit dem Ziel, Erfolgsfaktoren und Hemmnisse für die Integration von Fahrrad mit Öffentlichem Verkehr aufzuzeigen und in einem späteren Schritt daraus Handlungsempfehlungen zur Stärkung dieser Integration für Kommunen und Verkehrsanbieter geben zu können. Für die Fallstudien wurden solche Beispiele ausgewählt, die einen Vorbildcharakter haben und als nachahmenswert für andere Städte und Regionen gelten können bzw. aus denen sich Erkenntnisse für die Stärkung der Integration von Fahrradverkehr mit dem ÖV ziehen lassen. Zudem sollten die verschiedenen infrastrukturellen Themenfelder abgedeckt sein. Neben einer Darstellung der jeweils fallspezifischen Besonderheiten wird zu jedem Fallbeispiel das Betreiber- und Geschäftsmodell dargestellt und es erfolgt eine Bewertung, die sowohl die Sicht der Betreiber als auch die der Nutzenden beachtet. Folgende Fallbeispiele werden behandelt: Die hessischen Verkehrsverbünde Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (RMV) und Nordhessischer Verkehrsverbund (NVV) bieten eine kosten- und sperrzeitfreie Mitnahmeregelung für Fahrräder an. Das MVGmeinRad Mainz ist als Fahrradverleihsystem ein Teil des kommunalen ÖPNV-Unternehmens. Zu den Fahrradabstellanlagen an Bahnhöfen wurden in der Fallstudie drei unterschiedlich große Anlagen einbezogen: Dein Radschloss des Verkehrsverbundes Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) für kleine, das Radhaus Offenburg für mittelgroße und die Radstation Düsseldorf für große Standorte. München wurde schließlich für eine kommunale Strategie zur verbesserten Verknüpfung von Fahrrad und Öffentlichem Verkehr ausgewählt, da dort eine Vielzahl von Maßnahmen zur Stärkung der Fahrradmobilität sichtbar sind.
Analysis of the Status and Influencing Factors of Online Learning
Authors: He Jiaju , Zhao Hong , Jiang Fei
Published: November 2022

During the COVID-19 prevention and control period, large-scale online education was the largest digital transformation practice in education in human history. This study launched a questionnaire survey on primary and high school students. The survey was conducted from four aspects: demographics, online learning preparation, the online learning situations, and online learning experience. This study thoroughly investigated the status and problems of students’ online learning and analysed the characteristics of students’ online learning and the differences amongst grades. The study found that students have high adaptability and continuance intention to online learning.
This study found that students also had some learning difficulties in the process of online learning, mainly manifested by lack of interaction, difficulty in concentration, and lack of learning initiative. There were significant differences among different grades. The overall situation of junior high school students’ online learning is better than that of primary school students and senior high school students.
Competitiveness of the Ukrainian labor market in the context of modern global challenges
Authors: Marshavin Yurii , Kytsak Taras , Kyryliuk Volodymyr , Leontenko Olga , Vasylenko Andrii
Published: November 2022

The relevance of the article is due to the need to determine the conceptual directions for strengthening the competitiveness of the national labor market in the context of intensifying international processes in the area of competition for highly qualified workers and investments in the creation of new modern workplaces. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and conceptual foundations of ensuring the competitiveness of the national labor market. This problem is considered from the position of strategic importance for Ukraine, as it reflects the key societal socio-economic processes and forms the prerequisites for achieving the goals of sustainable development. As a result of the analysis of the state policy of Ukraine to overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic for the employment sector and the labor market, its ineffective practices were noted – the coronavirus restrictions were implemented against the background of the complete withdrawal of the state from real financial assistance and effective measures to support the employment sector. The main reasons that hold back the attraction of foreign investments for the creation of new jobs are indicated such as the disproportion of demand and supply; destructiveness of social dialogue processes in the labor market; low quality of labor legislation, low employment rates and a huge volume of the shadow segment. Recommendations have been developed on the use of practical tools for the development of the competitive advantages of Ukraine’s labor market, namely, strengthening the professional and qualification qualities of the workforce, modernizing the state policy of attracting capital investments, overcoming the shadow segment of the labor market, improving the legal and regulatory regulation of remote work, developing digital employment platforms, introducing progressive foreign practices of regulating the labor market in conditions of pandemic restrictions.
Factors Associated with Prevention and Control of Hospital Acquired Infections within Nurses in Ngora Fredica Hospital Ngora District Eastern Uganda
Authors: Julius Oloit
Published: November 2022

Hospital Acquired Infections occur worldwide and affect hundreds and millions of people, and they are related to high rates of morbidity and mortality among patients who are admitted in hospitals or health facilities and are a major problem to patients’ safety and in settings where health care is to be made safe, their close watch and avoidance should be the topmost priority. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors within the nurses that were associated to the prevention and control of Hospital-acquired infections. The study was conducted at Ngora Fredica Hospital Ngora district Eastern Uganda. Results: 63.6% and 77.3% of nurses were found to be knowledgeable on causes and transmission of HAIs, respectively, which reflected good practices on medical waste segregation (85.2%), washing hands (77.3%), and storing sharps in safety boxes (92%). Respondents demonstrated good practice on infection prevention and control. Gender (female with COR = 1.54), experience (less than four years with COR = 1.43), and cadre (COR = 1.41) were significantly associated with nurses’ prevention and control abilities. Based on the key findings, the following were the conclusions: The study has demonstrated that the majority of the nurses who had adequate Knowledge about infection prevention and nearly above one-third of healthcare providers had poor practices towards infection prevention. Individual factors (gender, advanced age, educational status - cadre, serving year-experience, specialty, Knowledge, perceptions, and practice were significantly associated with nurses’ infection prevention and control. Keywords: Control, Hospital acquired infections, Nurses, Prevention.
Covid-19 Impacts on Elderly with Disability
Authors: Dev Priya S
Published: November 2022

Covid 19 pandemic created a high mortality risk among the elderly population, and it also affected more in the case of elderly with disabilities and elderly people those who have pre-existing comorbidities. The studies conducted worldwide have ingeminate the high risk for medical aid and increased cases of death rates in the national level in various countries that are dealing with Covid 19 pandemic. One of the shocking news is that 86% of all death among the elderly population have been reported in two countries, namely Colombia and Chile. In the case of Peru, 70 percent of the death which was reported due to Covid 19 was among elderly people. In this study, the author highlights the impacts of Covid 19 among the elderly with a disability, especially concentrating on their mental health aspects. The world is made up of work pressure, stressful life situations, and family responsibilities creating difficulties in taking care of elderly people with disabilities. During the Covid 19 pandemic, elderly people with disabilities faced a lot of changes in their life situations, especially the care and support they received and problems associated with the satisfaction of basic needs. The elderly with disability represent a chosen cluster of high-hazard issues for the growing Covid-19 with a greater chance of impairment. So, among older people with disabilities, mental health issues are also higher than in other age groups. Early prediction and personalized care and management must be provided to the elderly with disabilities. Keywords: Covid-19, Elderly with Disability, Mental Health, Pandemic.
The Voicelessness of the Subaltern in the Era of Covid 19: The Absence of Women’s voice about Covid-19 in Nigeria
Authors: Irele Abigail Olubukola
Published: November 2022

The Covid- 19 pandemic has ravaged the whole world. It has affected humankind and disturbed the daily lives of people. There have been many voices about the pandemic from the medical care people as well as ordinary people. Women who are the subaltern in society have been voiceless. In Nigeria, the media commentators on the pandemic have been males. The female voice has not been heard in the public sphere such as in the media. Newspaper sources have been used essentially to cover some of the events during Covid- 19 lockdown in Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to report the non-representation and non-inclusion of women in the decision process as well as in the overall public sphere of Nigerian society and how to include them in the public sphere and the society’s decision process. The study adopted the content analysis of two selected newspapers’ reportage of events during the Covid-19 lockdown using a qualitative research approach. Two Nigerian online newspapers were analyzed. The study found that Nigerian women’s voices were not heard in the discourse on Covid-19. Almost all the newspapers in Nigeria did not have women in the discursive space about Covid-19. Nigerian women should be given a voice in the discussion about Covid-19 or any other related health pandemic in the future so that they could be sensitized about the danger inherent in any pandemic. The policy-making body should have women representatives to make it inclusive and show that women are not marginalized in society. Keywords: Covid-19, Public Sphere, Subaltern, Two Nigerian Online Newspapers, Women.
Evidencia paleoparasitológica de Ascaris lumbricoides en restos esqueletizados de época romana de Dianium (Alicante, España)
Authors: López-Gijón Ramón , Duras Salvatore , Botella-López Miguel C. , Sentí-Ribes María Assumció , Dufour Benjamin , Le Bailly Matthieu
Published: November 2022

El hallazgo de parásitos procedentes de contextos arqueológicos nos permite conocer las condiciones socio-económicas y los hábitos alimentarios de las poblaciones pasadas, aportando una visión novedosa en el estudio de dichas sociedades. Pese a su probado interés en la contribución al conocimiento de los estudios arqueológicos, antropológicos y biológicos, apenas se han llevado a cabo investigaciones paleoparasitológicas en España. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de los análisis paleoparasitológicos desarrollados sobre restos esqueletizados de ocho individuos procedentes de la necrópolis romana de Dianium (Dénia, Alicante, España), fechada entre los siglos III a V d.C. Este análisis se ha realizado mediante visualización por microscopía óptica de campo claro. Los resultados han evidenciado la presencia de Ascaris lumbricoides en uno de los individuos. Estos resultados se han integrado con los hallazgos paleopatológicos y antropológicos. La presencia de este parásito se vincula a la falta de higiene, derivada de contaminación ambiental y alimentaria.
Lobolar, casar e presentear
Authors: Miranda Aline
Published: November 2022

Neste artigo busco apresentar o debate antropológico sobre o lobolo e, a partir da análise de dados etnográficos sobre umas das cerimônias que acompanhei em 2019, na província de Gaza, refletir sobre o caráter dinâmico, plural e sincrético da cerimônia. Motivado por diferentes experiências conjugais, o lobolo na região sul de Moçambique apresenta-se como uma cerimônia que afirma e valoriza espiritualidades, afetos, alianças e descendências. Sua realização aciona a mobilização e a presença de parentes e de toda a vizinhança. Em Moçambique, apesar dos processos de colonização e descolonização, o lobolo jamais deixou de ser praticado. Sua permanência histórica está atrelada a um processo contínuo de reinvenção.
FLUXOS DE ATENDIMENTO ÀS MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Teixeira Carneiro Cristianne , Rocha Bezerra Maria Augusta , Cardoso Rocha Ruth , De Assis Brito Mychelangela , Kanashiro Meneghetti Francis
Published: November 2022

Introdução: Os profissionais da atenção primária à saúde desempenham papel relevante na Rede de Atendimento à Mulher em Situação de Violência e, conforme a assistência, as mulheres podem seguir fluxos de atendimento diversos. Objetivo: Analisar os fluxos de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência na atenção primária à saúde. Metodologia: Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, realizada em município do interior do Piauí, com cinco profissionais atuantes na referida rede, especificamente, no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada entre novembro e dezembro de 2019. Os procedimentos de análise incluíram Análise de Conteúdo Temática de Minayo e aplicação do Fluxograma Analisador. Resultados: Desvelou-se dificuldade em realizar o matriciamento entre as equipes da APS e que os profissionais estão menos preparados para identificação da violência psicológica e de outros tipos, que não seja a física. Os fluxos de atendimento foram evidenciados quando mencionaram os serviços que faziam parte dos encaminhamentos e como os acessavam. Conclusões: Apesar de acessarem os serviços da rede, por meio de ligação telefônica, para compartilhamento dos casos, não há critérios de encaminhamento unificados nas unidades de atenção primária à saúde, com fluxogramas previamente elaborados, condutas ou protocolos preestabelecidos.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DA MORTALIDADE EM CRIANÇAS MENORES DE CINCO ANOS NO BRASIL: INDICADORES SOCIAIS E ASSISTENCIAIS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Dos Santos Ferreira Tainara Lorena , Santos Quirino Ana Luiza , Câmara Rolim Débora , Brito do O Lorena , Barbosa de Andrade Fábia
Published: November 2022

Introdução: As taxas de mortalidade de crianças, em todo o mundo, configuram-se como indicadores da qualidade de vida e saúde em um país, visto que esse público possui vulnerabilidades e necessidades especiais, associadas às condições sociais e econômicas dispostas para a população. Diante disso, é de extrema importância a análise da mortalidade na infância, no Brasil e regiões. Objetivo: Avaliar a espacialização do coeficiente de mortalidade em crianças entre um e cinco anos no Brasil e seus indicadores sociais e assistenciais de saúde. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de tendência temporal e correlação espacial realizado no Brasil, com a população de crianças de 1 a 5 anos, sendo utilizadas informações do Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade (SIM/DATASUS). Para a análise, foram usados os softwares Microsoft Excel e Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. O TerraView foi empregado para realização da distribuição da taxa de mortalidade e a dependência espacial foi medida pelo coeficiente de autocorrelação global de Moran. Resultados: A média do coeficiente de mortalidade na infância, de crianças entre um e menores de cinco anos, apresentou um perfil decrescente no período de 2008 a 2015. Em 2016, no entanto, foi observada uma elevação substancial dos óbitos em crianças na faixa etária estudada. A região Norte e Nordeste do Brasil apresentaram os maiores índices de mortalidade, enquanto que os estados do Sul e Sudeste apresentaram menos óbitos para crianças entre um e menores de cinco anos. Conclusões: Apesar da queda nas taxas de mortalidade na infância, ao longo dos anos, ainda há um longo caminho para percorrer em relação a diminuição dos casos, em especial na região Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar dos pactos criados pelo governo e da ampliação nos serviços de saúde, em específico da atenção básica, os números altos de óbitos, nesta faixa etária, podem ser relacionados com a diminuição da cobertura vacinação, assim como pelo alto número de fatores externos.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE PADRÕES ALIMENTARES E ESTADO NUTRICIONAL EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Sampaio Rafaella , Geysa Cordeiro Mendes Isabel , Deodato do Carmo Gois Lívia
Published: November 2022

Introdução: A alimentação é um dos principais fatores para a promoção da saúde. Situações do meio acadêmico e estilo de vida propiciam aos universitários, dificuldades em cuidar da própria alimentação, por fatores como, omissão de refeições, alto consumo de lanches rápidos, instabilidade psicossocial, desencadeando possíveis doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) nessa população. Um grupo de alimentos frequentemente consumido por uma pessoa ou população é chamado de padrão alimentar. Objetivo: Analisar e associar padrões alimentares e o estado nutricional de estudantes universitários. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem descritiva e analítica, realizado em uma Universidade privada em Fortaleza, Ceará. Foi realizada entrevista para coleta de dados socioeconômicos, demográficos, antropométricos e de consumo alimentar. A amostra foi composta por 150 estudantes. Resultados: Foram identificados três padrões alimentares. Mulheres mostraram maior adesão que os homens ao padrão saudável. A maioria dos universitários de 19 a 24 anos mostrou alta adesão ao padrão misto. Alunos que demonstraram excesso de peso tiveram maior adesão ao padrão saudável. Os indivíduos que tiveram IMC classificados com peso normal, apresentaram alta adesão ao padrão misto. Conclusões: O padrão alimentar dos universitários possui significativa influência da idade, sexo, excesso de peso e IMC.