bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-potable water reuse: legal aspects, urban and agricultural use, and emerging technologies for the production of water for reuse
Technical Note 1 – Interest topics
Authors: Santos André Bezerra dos , Mota Cesar Rossas
Published: September 2022

Sewage treatment plants (STPs) can be considered as factories for the production of water, nutrients, energy, among other resources, and the final effluent quality is determined by the technological route adopted and the operating practices. It is in these units that the standards for discharge of treated sewage into water bodies or reuse (urban, agricultural, industrial, among others) are achieved. Despite the enormous potential, there are few full-scale experiences. The absence of a more comprehensive and specific national legislation for reuse is one of the biggest obstacles to its dissemination. This technical note (TN), the first of the collection “Non-potable water reuse: legal aspects, urban and agricultural use, and emerging technologies for the production of water for reuse”, presents the topics of interest related to legal aspects, agricultural use, gray water treated in constructed wetlands, high rate algal ponds, aerobic granular sludge, dynamic membranes post UASB reactor and systems with support medium based on polyurethane foam post UASB reactor. With the information contained in this collection of TNs, it is expected to contribute to the dissemination of consolidated knowledge by experts and sanitation service providers, and technical-scientific production applied to the subject of sewage treatment and water reuse.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Herpes Zoster Infection in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A case report and a systematic review
Authors: Thada Pawan Kumar , Ata Fateen , Ali Muhammad , Nasser Affas Mohammad , Bhandari Jenish , Sarwar Sarosh , Ahmed Bilal , Choudry Hassan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) pandemic has been an unceasing plight with a wide range of clinical presentations. The direct effects of the virus, increased use of medications, and lifestyle changes have contributed to the vulnerability to co-infections. Fungal and bacterial co-infections led to increased morbidity and mortality during the pandemic. Similarly, the surge of skin signs in conjunction with herpes zoster (HZ) manifestations has been reported. In this study, we pooled the data on the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 patients co-infected with HZ.

Methodology: Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were extensively searched to identify the relevant studies on HZ infection among the SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Results: A total of 79 patients (from case reports, series, and retrospective studies) were included in the analysis. Fever was the most common constitutional symptom recorded, followed by cough and dyspnea. A systemic rash was reported in 78.5% of cases with mild symptoms of HZ and SARS-CoV-2 in 87% and 76%, respectively. Only 19% of the cases presented during the prodrome period of SARS-CoV-2. HZV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive in 8.9% of the cases, and the remaining were diagnosed clinically. SARS-CoV-2 PCR was reported positive in 65 cases (82.3%). Leukopenia was observed in 7 cases (8.9%) and lymphopenia in 25 (31.6%). All patients recovered through conservative treatment.

Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 escalated the incidence of HZ reactivation. Most of the patients were seen with older individuals either simultaneously or a few days after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, but a few cases were reported during the asymptomatic prodrome period of SARS-CoV-2
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: Role of Universities in Pakistan
Authors: Haqdad Dr. Ambreen , Hussain Munawwar , Nasir Khan Dr. Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Achievement sustainable development goals is the priority of the nations in the world. Sustainability is dependent on the peace and cannot be achieved without enhancing the vision of peace in youth. Universities have a significant role in enhancing the vision of in youth. The question is that whether our universities are meeting the needs of peace in society when violence and criminal attitude has been observed in the graduate youth as well. Therefore, this study has been conducted to explore the existing role of the universities in enhancing the vision of peace in youth to achieve the sustainable development goals. The participants of the study are faculty members of the universities and doctoral students in the faculties of social sciences. Before the collection of data, participants’ were ensured to keep their names confidential. Unstructured interviews have been used as tool of research. Questions in qualitative research are wide-ranging & ask for an investigation of the central concept in a study and are supportive in giving greater depth of understanding of a phenomenon that is largely unknown (Creswell, 2009). The study is an empirical addition in the knowledge about the existing role of the universities in enhancing the vision of peace in Pakistani youth. The study is supportive in revising the higher education policies and curriculum for further enhancing the vision of peace in graduates of the universities. The study is beneficial for the researchers and doctoral students in understanding the existing challenges in enhancing the vision of peace in universities students.
Customer Satisfaction Standards According to Islamic and Conventional Banking System in Pakistan
Authors: Khoso Dr. Aijaz Ali , Ahmed Dr. Muneer , Khan Pathan Dr. Muhammad Shoaib
Published: September 2022

This study analyzed consumer loyalty with Islamic banks and ordinary banks in Pakistan. The historical backdrop of regular banks in Pakistan is superior to that of Islamic banks. The improvement of an Islamic financial framework in Pakistan is at an untimely stage. In Pakistan, not many banks offer clean Islamic financial administrations to their clients. This concentrate likewise analyzes consumer loyalty with the administrations of traditional banks as well as Islamic banks. Our objective region is the Pakistani financial area, and the information comes from interviews with five Islamic banks and five ordinary banks in Pakistan. The aftereffect of this exploration showed that the clients of the two banks were from Islamic banks or traditional banks were happy with the offices given by the banks, notwithstanding, the clients of regular banks were happier with Islamic banks. Hypothetically, current investigations supplement the writing on the above viewpoints and connection them to consumer loyalty. Simultaneously, it causes to notice the factors that are fundamental for the advancement of Pakistan's Islamic financial framework. The discoveries likewise give important data and direction to Islamic banks to plan creative item advancement procedures and publicizing approaches to hold existing clients and draw in possible clients. This study extends the extent of the accessible writing on Islamic banking; However, it doesn't address the situation of the ordinary financial area.
Relationship of School Performance and Socio-Economic Status (SES) of School Heads
Authors: Sughra Ghulam , Rafique Dr. Samina , Amin Sufi
Published: September 2022

This study  focused on the relationship of school performance and socio-economic status (SES) of  school heads. The main objective of the study was to  examine the relationship  between financial status of the Heads on the performance of their schools. Research questions in this context were whether domestic matters and other socio-economic factors related to Heads have any relation to their school’s academic progress. In a survey research setting, a researcher made questionnaire containing 15 questions about Heads’ socio-economic background and 30 statements on a five-point Likert’s scale was administered to 60 randomly selected Heads of Secondary schools from District Vehari. Using the descriptive statistical techniques, data analysis showed that  those schools  having heads  better socio-economic conditions could  perform better. In the light of  the findings, it is suggested that Heads of schools may be granted better financial assistance from the Govt. to enhance the performance of schools. Moreover, other logistic and training support to the Heads can also contribute to better academic performance of schools.
Exploring The Roots of The Chinese Soft Power
Authors: Mahesar Dr. Pervaiz Ali
Published: September 2022

This article attempts to explore the roots of the Chinese soft power. For a few decades, Chinese soft power is under the rigorous scrutiny of the western media. The western media is severely critical of the Chinese economic model, authoritarianism, democracy, and Confucius institutes. China promotes its soft power through its civilization, culture, trade, and economics, win-win model, Shared Destiny, and mutual respect. However, the previous scholarship on China has focused more on the rise of China, the power struggle between China and the US, the Chinese economic model, and authoritarian leadership, whereas events that have helped shape Chinese soft power are less explored. Based on the secondary sources of literature on Chinese soft power, this research aims to explore and explain how Chinese soft power has evolved in China.
Evaluates the active substances of extracts of date vinegar and Citrus lemon plant fruit on Enterobius vermicularis worm in vitro
Authors: Al-Taei Alaa Hamady Obeid , Al-Quraishi Maher Ali
Published: September 2022

This work was conduct to account the effects of cold and hot aqueous extracts of Iraqi Citrus limon plant fruits and date vinegar in paralysis and die of Enterobius vermicularis parasite  in vitro and determine the most influential plant for extracted secondary compound (alkaloid, terpenoids  and phenolic compounds) from it and then determine a most influential secondary compound for analysis by Gas chromatography /mass spectroscopy technical (GC/MS) and extract the most concentrated compound from it to test in paralyze and kill worms. The results appear that cold aqueous extract of Citrus limon plant fruits have a high influential especially by 300 mg/ml concentration where its average arithmetic for paralysis and die of worms equal 29.00 and 57.33 minute , respectively, followed by  hot aqueous extract of Citrus limon plant  fruits has effect on paralysis and die of worms in 300 mg/ml concentration where its led to paralysis and die of worms at 67.33 and 104.00 minute , followed by cold aqueous extract of date viengar extract where its average arithmetic for paralysis and die of worms in 300 mg/ml concentration equal 110.00 and  193.00 minute.
Migration of women in the historical narratives in the book “Asad al-Ghaba fi Maarifa al-Sahaba Ibn Al-Atheer
Authors: Rashid Khader Ali , Karmoosh Adnan Ali , AlGantoussi Apdulrahman Ibrahim Hamad
Published: September 2022

The research aims to identify the names of immigrant women and their historical narrations in the book “The Lion of the Forest in the Knowledge of the Companions” by Ibn Al-Atheer Al-Jazari (d. 630 AH), where the migration of women was divided into three chapters, migration to Abyssinia in the first time, migration to Abyssinia in the second time and migration to Medina. Twenty-two women participated in those migrations, and they were distributed as (4) who migrated in the first migration to Abyssinia, and (14) women who migrated in the second migration to Abyssinia. As for the migration to Medina, the number of female migrants reached (4). The number of historical narrations in all migrations reached 63, divided by (11) historical narrations of immigrant women to Abyssinia the first time, and (24) narrations of immigrant women in the second time to Abyssinia, and (28) narrations of immigrant women to Medina The historical narratives indicated many aspects of the lives of immigrant women, as they indicated how they migrated and lived and the events that they encountered in their lives in the new areas in which they lived.
Manage warehousing goods and funds flows
Authors: Kafaji Safa Mohamed Hadi Al , Shiker Mushtak A. K.
Published: September 2022

The cost of inventory management depends mainly on two basic units, the cost of keeping inventory and the cost of orders, as these two units, one complements the other. To show the total cost of inventory through laws, the authors suggested many techniques for this purpose. The cost of this operation gradually decreases with the use of its materials. In this work, the authors proposed some techniques in order to obtain the minimum cost by dividing the agreed period in three percentages after it was divided into two periods, meaning that the percentage of the costs paid by the company in the first part, middle part, and in last part of the period in order to reduce the cost as much as possible through several equations. That is we try to reduce the number of times that the goods are ordered to the minimum by increasing the number of units of goods in one order and to know the total inventory costs.
analysis of coplanar and non-coplanar intensity-modulated radiotherapy planning for esophageal cancer
Authors: Singh Sulabh , Pradhan Anirudh
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The analysis of coplanar intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and non-coplanar IMRT for the esophageal cancer. Methods: in my study 27 esophageal cancer cases, ten of them were cervical and upper thoracic (Group A) and seventeen were mid and lower thoracic (Group B). Gross target volume (GTV), clinical tumor volume (CTV), and organs at risk (OAR) were contoured by the oncologist in the eclipse treatment planning system. For every case, one coplanar plan & two non-coplanar plans have been generated by the similar general objective function. A descriptive dose-volume histogram (DVH) equation between three plans was then taken out in a table form. Results:  1) In Group A cases with PTV volume less than 100cc, the mean dose and dose gradient of non-coplanar plan were much better than those in coplanar plan.  2) In Group B cases, the conformity index (CI) for coplanar and two non-coplanar plans were 0.68 ± 0.15, 0.43 ± 0.14, and 0.69 ± 0.16, respectively. The V5, V10, V20, and the mean dose to the lung were less in the non-coplanar plans compared to ones in coplanar plan.
Diversity of aquatic insects in the euphrates River/ Najaf province-Iraq
Authors: Al-Shamry Abdul Salam Hassan Hamza , Mizhir Aliaa Hussain
Published: September 2022

Five locations were sampled with three duplicates from each throughout the course of a six-month period, from November 2021 to April 2022, in order to assess the biodiversity of crustaceans. Water was also included in the samples. Certain chemical and physical characteristics of water are measured. the overall density of aquatic insects varied from (1–257) individuals/L, the month of April had the greatest density. According to the findings of the isolation and identification of water insects, Chironomidae larvae were the most numerous throughout the research period, followed by Chironomide pupa, Zygoptera nymph, Odonata larvae, and Belostoma corodofanum. According to the relative abundance index for aquatic insects, the Zygoptera nymph species was most prevalent in the first location, whereas Chironomidae larvae were more prevalent in the other sites. The constancy species index (S) of aquatic insects, Chironomidae larvae and Chironomide pupa, were the most constancy across all research locations and throughout the course of the study period. The values of the species richness index (D*) ranged from 0-3.84.While the Shanon-Weiner index ranged between 0-1.361 bit/ind. While the values of  the species uniformity index (E) ranged between 0-0.845.
Colima tierra de letras
Authors: Ceballos Enrique , Romero Cárdenas Octavio , Adín Valencia Jesús
Published: September 2022

Colima, tierra de letras, la amable iniciativa de Enrique Ceballos Ramos para reseñar la literatura escrita y publicada en Colima, acrecienta leales a la causa: más autores, otros lectores y un nuevo reseñista. Así, Bibliografía analítica de autores colimenses suma a las rúbricas de su autoría al poeta Jesús Adín Valencia, quien acompaña a Octavio Romero Cárdenas (fallecido en el fatídico 2020) en la tarea de reunir los "libros de literatura" publicados entre el 2006 y el 2010. Por eso a este Colima, tierra de letras lo arropa cierto aire de homenaje para uno de los grandes lectores colimenses, el escritor Octavio Romero, profesor de la Facultad de Letras y Comunicación de la Universidad de Colima. Homenaje que se puede constatar en los textos que, a manera de epílogo, se incorporan en el cierre de la edición para evocar con afecto la figura de Octavio Romero, desde sus primeras inquietudes literarias en su natal Cuauhtémoc hasta su figura en el campus central de la Universidad.
White Spot Lesions: An Iatrogenic Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Therapy
Authors: Khera Amit Kumar , Bisht Shrestha , Raghav Pradeep
Published: September 2022

White spot lesions (WSL) around orthodontic attachments are unsightly, and one of the common side effects of fixed orthodontic treatment. Poor oral hygiene during fixed orthodontic treatment leads the plaque accumulation around the brackets which produces demineralization of enamel or subsurface lesions or WSL. Treatment options for WSL vary widely from natural self-recovery to extensive restorative treatment. The severity of the WSL acts as the key determent factor for choosing the best treatment option. Till date various studies were conducted to confirm the reports on remineralisation and to understand the mechanism which is still unknown. Many new concepts are emerging to better understand the factors which promote remineralisation and produce morphologically stable results. Recent investigations have primarily focused on various calcium phosphate-based technologies which are designed to supplement and enhance fluoride’s ability to restore tooth mineral. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview regarding the new diagnostic methods and recent techniques available for early detection and management of WSL.
Los modelos pedagógicos: trayectos históricos
Authors: Correa Mosquera Deicy , Pérez  Piñón Francisco Alberto
Published: September 2022

Este artículo tiene como propósito presentar algunos planteamientos sobre el concepto de modelo pedagógico y describir su trayecto histórico. La primera parte desarrolla una descripción de la forma en que estos viajan a la educación. En la segunda parte el concepto de modelo pedagógico recrea lo que podría considerarse el espíritu pedagógico de una época, en la medida en que recupera dos dispositivos básicos de la reproducción social: el saber y la cultura. Así mismo describe los cambios en las bases sociales que han conllevado la proliferación de modelos pedagógicos y con ellos las múltiples definiciones que han producido su debilitamiento semántico. La tercera elabora una breve descripción del concepto de modelo, se avanza en el análisis del concepto de modelo pedagógico y se realiza una interpretación de la naturaleza y función en la modernidad y en la postmodernidad. Finalmente, se plantean unas breves conclusiones, en las cuales se muestra la importancia de nuevas formas de asumir la educación, de acuerdo con las necesidades del siglo XXI.
Relevancia de enseñar Historia para la Ciencia Económica
Authors: Vázquez Carrillo Nitzia , Díaz Mondragón Manuel
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo analiza la importancia de estudiar Historia para quienes se especializan en el estudio de la Ciencia Económica, mediante una investigación de corte cualitativo, argumentativo y documental. La temática se desarrolla en cinco secciones; en la primera se introduce al lector; en la segunda se aborda el proceso de aprendizaje; en la tercera se exponen argumentos y ejemplos de los aportes de la Historia para la Economía; en la cuarta se expone la paulatina reducción de contenidos dedicados a Historia en planes de estudio de diversas universidades, en contraste con el desarrollo de la disciplina Historia Económica, como muestra de su complementariedad; y, finalmente, en el quinto apartado se hayan las conclusiones que destacan cómo la Historia y sus metodologías han contribuido con la generación de explicaciones de la Ciencia Económica, a través de aportes como el materialismo histórico, el neoinstitucionalismo y el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico.
Life-forms and biological spectrum of Tarkeshwar Sacred Grove in Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Ghildiyal J. , Bisht Savita , Jadli Rakhi
Published: September 2022

Tarkeshwar a sacred grove in Garhwal Himalaya, is traditionally protected forest with its rich plant diversity. It occupies 825.5 ha area in Pokhra Range in Garhwal Forest Division. The biological spectrum of this sacred grove reveals that the vegetation of this area is thero-phanerophytic.The life-forms observed were Phanerophytes (29.12%), Chamaephytes (13.00%), Hemicryptophytes (9.25%), Cryptophytes (6.07%), Therophytes (42.5%).
Ekspresif Seni Kontemporer Campaign melalui Official Account Instagram pada Event Semarang Night Carnival Indonesia
Authors: Djaya Tika Ristia , Fitrianti Ayang , Pamungkas Yoma Bagus
Published: September 2022

Event Semarang Night Carnival merupakan kegiatan tahunan di Kota Semarang, kegiatan yang dilaksanakan sebagai agenda tahunan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini  adalah Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Strategi Komunikasi yang digunakan oleh Disbudpar Kota Semarang dalam mengkampanyekan Semarang Night Carnival 2022 dengan menggunakan social media Instagram. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskrptif. Tahapan pengambilan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pada uji kredibilitas menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan media sosial Instagram bisa dibilang cukup berhasil dan memperoleh hasil yang positif dan bisa dijadikan sebagai bahan landasan strategi program selanjutnya dalam menyukseskan event selanjutnya. Hal ini juga membuktikan bahwa Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Semarang dalam hal ini juga menggunakan strategi komunikasi yakni pada tahap pelaporan dalam mengkampanyekan event Semarang Night Carnival 2022 walaupun tanpa menggunakan postingan-postingan yang diuploud dalam akun Instagram Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Semarang dalam menyampaikan kesuksesan penggunaan media sosial Instagram untuk kampanye Semarang Night Carnival 2022.
Are We There Yet?: An Analysis of the Competencies of BEED Graduates of BPSU-DC
Authors:   https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1094-0018, cspunla@bpsu.edu.ph, S. PUNLA CANDIDA , C. FARRO ROSEMARIE ,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-2716, rcfarro@bpsu.edu.ph,   Bataan Peninsula State University Dinalupihan, Bataan, Philippines
Published: September 2022

The Commission on Higher Education is committed to developing competency-based learning standards that comply with existing international standards which is evident with the release of CMO No. 46 s. 2012 and CMO No. 74 s. 2017. This study aims to investigate if the graduates of the BEEd program of Bataan Peninsula State University Dinalupihan Campus have met the expectations provided in CMO No. 74 series of 2017. This study uses an explanatory-sequential design which is a two-phase approach, where quantitative results of the study, from collected quantitative data using a survey questionnaire in phase 1 were followed up and supported by qualitative data collected in phase 2 to further explain the findings. The results of the study indicate that significant difference is evident in the competency of the respondents based on the expected competencies as stated at CMO No. 74, series of 2017 in terms of in-depth understanding of learners; pedagogical content knowledge; assessment and evaluation; communication, higher order thinking, and technology; attributes of model teacher; personal and professional development; when respondents have grouped accordingly, as provided by the p-values which are statistically lesser than the alpha of .05. In general, graduates confidently believes that they possess the competencies stated and describe in CMO No. 74 s. 2017, their Cooperating Teachers and Coordinators, however, based on their qualitative responses, pointed out that there are still areas of competencies that are needed to be developed among the graduates. The result of the study indicates that the institution should revisit the program implementation of CMO No. 46 s. 2012, focusing on competencies stated in CMO No. 74 s. 2017. Keywords: Competencies, Guidelines, Policies, Standards
Biofilm formation by the interaction of fungi (Candida tropicalis) with various bacteria
Authors: Asih Dwi , Widodo Agung , Setiabudi Rebekah , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Tyasningsih Wiwiek , Wahyunitisari Manik
Published: September 2022

Acinetobacter baumannii)
ABSTRACT: Background: Biofilms are composed of more than one species or often called polymicrobial biofilms, so research is needed on the formation of polymicrobial biofilms, especially between fungi and bacteria. This study aimed to analyze the total biomass and metabolic activity of biofilms formed from the interaction of fungi (Candida tropicalis) with bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii); Methods: Bacterial and fungal cultures were suspended in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) medium, then biofilm was cultivated in two 96-well microplates, then the microplates were incubated at 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. Detection of the biofilm will be carried out using the Crystal Violet assay and reduction of the tetrazolium salt (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide), or MTT assay to obtain the Optical Density (OD) value by using ELISA reader; Results: The results of this study obtained significant data from both parameters, the highest average value was found in the C. tropicalis treatment group (2,412 ± 0.825 on the biomass test results; 1,525 ± 0.473 on the metabolic activity test results), while the lowest was seen in the S. aureus treatment group (0.512 ± 0.224 in the biomass test results; 0.978 ± 0.349 in the metabolic activity test results); and Conclusions: In the total biomass parameter, it was obtained that the biofilm biomass could be formed strongly in each treatment, while the results of the metabolic activity showed that each treatment was able to carry out cell proliferation.
Clinical Profile of Pediatric Tuberculosis, Presenting to the Emergency Department of Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Authors: Siddiqui Emad , Siddiqui Tooba , Khan Abdus
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB), a preventable airborne infectious disease, early detection is essential to improve health outcomes. Extent of childhood tuberculosis is unknown and is estimated to be around 6% of all incidences.
Diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis is always difficult and no age is spared, however, children <5 years are more at risk. Children frequently admitted through emergencies of hospitals with different working diagnoses and later diagnosed as tuberculous. Despite multiple studies from Pakistan; the complex and multifaceted ED presentation of childhood tuberculosis was not looked in.
Primary objective was to assess the clinical profile of tuberculosis patients presenting to ED, the secondary objective was to evaluate the relation of BCG vaccination, history of contact, and measles.

Methods
This was a retrospective chart review of children admitted to the study center with the discharge diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis from June 2010 to June 2015 as per WHO criteria.
Patient demographic characters, medical history, and physical examination findings in ED along with vital signs and laboratory variables will be recorded from the charts. CXR, CBC, ESR, sputum analysis, and lab other parameters were recorded from an electronic database.
Results
We enrolled 264 children, majority, 139 (53%) were below 5 years of age, 152 (58%) males, 112 (42%) females. BCG vaccination was given to 81 (30%) male and, 60 (23%) female children.
183 (69%) children had pulmonary symptoms, 81 (31%) had extra extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The commonest extrapulmonary manifestation was GIT 34 (13%), followed by CNS 27 (10%) cases. Cough was found in 54 (31%) followed by respiratory distress 49 (27%), almost all of them were below 5 years of age.
CXR was performed in all cases, 85 (32%) didnt have radiological findings. The frequency of BCG vaccination status, history of contact, measles about age gender, and systemic involvement was also analyzed and found significant results.
23 children, had a history of contact and measles both. Miliary was found in 6 (26%) cases, however, 22 (99%) of 23 didnt have BCG vaccination.
History of weight loss was found in 46 (33%) who either didnt get BCG vaccination or didnt remember (no BCG scar, 123), out of 92 children with weight loss 31 (34%) have contact history.

Conclusion
Diagnosing childhood tuberculosis in emergency with vague/overlapping clinical presentations is a dilemma. Clinical scoring system may not identify most cases, hence suspicion must be high in all suspected cases with prolonged history, contact tracing methods, weight loss or failure to gain weight, etc.
Role of parent’s teachers association in enhancing discipline in secondary schools in Makeni City, Northern Sierra Leone
Authors: Turay Edwin Augustine Junior , Karim Samuel , Zoker Exton Mohamed , Hassan Hassanatu Hawanatu , Yambasu Rebecca Alicia
Published: September 2022

Despite the Government effort of ensuring community direct involvement and ownership of development projects in their locality such as education, the extent of parents input in students discipline through the Parent Teachers Association (PTA) remains obscure in many secondary schools. This study was to determine the role of Parents Teachers Association (PTA) in enhancing discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Makeni City, Northern Sierra Leone. The study was guided by four research questions that investigated the following aspects: The activities of PTA in enhancing students‟ discipline, the extent to which PTA role enhances discipline, the challenges facing PTA in students discipline management and suggestions on how the PTA can be more effective in enhancing discipline. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies with a cross-sectional survey and phenomenological design. The target population consisted of 4 Government assisted public secondary schools, principals, discipline masters, PTA members, class teachers, and all students of the 4 public secondary schools in Makeni City. The sample size consisted of 4 principals, 4 discipline masters, 36 class teachers, 36 PTA members and 160 students. Data was collected by use of interview guides, questionnaires, and document analysis guide, which were personally administered by the researcher. Quantitative data was analyzed in frequencies and percentages using SPSS version 20, while qualitative data was organized into themes and analyzed descriptively. Conclusions and recommendations were made based on the findings there of.
Centralization vs. Decentralization - supply chain networks and blockchain in the agri-food business
Authors: Kramer Michael Paul , Bitsch Linda , Hanf Jon H.
Published: September 2022

Hierarchically organized businesses have been dominating our economy for centuries. We follow this structure for so long now because it is very efficient to allocating resources, performing coordination activities, and building relationships. However, potentially disruptive technologies such as Blockchain Technology (BCT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT) have the potential to transform the centralized agri-food supply chain networks (SCN) into decentralized digital ecosystems, which will impact business processes and workflows alike. Still today the traditional agri-food SCN is characterized by a pyramid-hierarchic structure where decisions are being made by a central authority. It is typically headed by a focal firm which is responsible for the coordination of the network while determining the strategy and goals of the SCN. We investigated BCT use cases both in the agri-food industry and across several industries. Our literature- and use case-based research unveiled that supply chain use cases which have significantly higher operational implementations compared to their peers exhibit predominantly the following characteristics: they operate in a vertically coordinated ecosystem, they are dominated by a focal firm, and participation of suppliers is mandated by a central authority. The use cases displaying the mentioned characteristics have been found predominantly with consortium type of BCT platform implementations. As agri-food SCNs operate in vertically coordinated ecosystems we suggest that solutions such as provenance or traceability in agri-food SCNs should be implemented based on consortium BCTs as those seem to support best the traditional agri-food SCN structure.
CHAPTER 1.3. ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS OF PARTNERSHIP AND COOPERATION BETWEEN POLAND AND UKRAINE IN THE FIELD OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN WARTIME
Authors: Trushkina Nataliia
Published: September 2022

The chapter provides an analytical assessment of the development of transport logistics in Poland and Ukraine in the system of foreign trade in the pre-war period. It was revealed that the issues of cooperation with Poland in the field of transport and logistics are becoming particularly relevant at the moment in the period of Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine due to the emergence of significant problems in the organization of foreign economic logistics activities due to the blocking of seaports. To solve these problems, it is proposed to create appropriate organizational forms of association and cross-border cooperation on the basis of joint initiatives and concluded agreements between Ukraine and Poland, as well as to develop and implement projects, programs and strategies for the transformation of national logistics systems.
CHAPTER 1.11. SOCIAL POLICY AND ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: Duleba Nataliia , Duleba Andrii
Published: September 2022

The problems of the economic standard of living of people in Ukraine have been studied. Attention is focused on the economic development of a person, social inequality, unemployment, which became even more acute in Ukraine during the war. The economic and social security of a person is considered, which depends on the state socio-economic policy and provides for the achievement of such a level of income of the population that would be sufficient to meet needs. The demographic situation in Ukraine is catastrophically negative, and with the beginning of the war in the country, this process gained even greater momentum. The quality of life and human development are terms that define the nature of radical modifications that are taking place in the methodology of modern economic science and the development strategy of many countries. Human development presupposes the sustainability of economic development, which ensures a high level of quality of life for current and future generations. The most optimal measures to solve these problems are proposed.
CHAPTER 4.2. PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR EXTRACURRICULAR WORK IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Bondar Victoria , Solovei Yuliiа , Kovalenko Oksana
Published: September 2022

The chapter analyzes the problem of training future teachers for extracurricular work in elementary school under martial law. Pedagogical conditions for training future teachers for extracurricular work in elementary school under martial law are characterized. The information and communication educational space for the preparation of future primary school teachers for extracurricular work in primary school under martial law is analyzed. The components of the information and communication educational space have been studied. The author’s definition of the term «information and communication educational space» is provided.
CHAPTER 4.3. USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS MODERN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Protasova Alyona , Titarenko Svitlana
Published: September 2022

The introduction of cloud computing into the modern world is a necessary condition for the progressive development of the society. The results of the research, conducted in 2018 by Gartner, IDG and Right Scale, prove that cloud-computing use has become a widespread practice around the world. According to the Right Scale survey, publicly available cloud infrastructures are in the lead in terms of implementation: 81% of companies choose a multi-cloud strategy that uses up to five clouds on average. The hybrid strategy, which is a combination of public and private cloud infrastructures, is followed by 51% of respondents, and 75% of organizations use private clouds. Increasing competition between cloud service providers promotes greater availability of services and helps to expand the capabilities of analytics and integration of cloud computing into various areas of public practice. Global changes in social interaction and communication, growing need for social isolation, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic conditions, actualize the search for optimal ways of indirect interaction, communication, and learning. Piece intelligence, cyber-army, and chat-bots for the collection of information - only a few innovative tools, to which the Ukrainian order is pushed into the cyberspace at the hour of the russian war. In this war, information has become out of control, but ahead of it - innovative technologies for combat action can be unsafe.
CHAPTER 5.1. GEOPHYSICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF TRANSCARPATHIA
Authors: Ihnatyshyn Vasyl
Published: September 2022

The paper considers the results of the study of geophysical fields in the Transcarpathian inland depression, which is a seismic region of Ukraine. On the territory of Transcarpathia local earthquakes are periodically registered, between which seismic calm is noted. In 2021, the expansion of rocks with a size of 12.6x10-7 was noted. Earthquakes are registered in the intervals of rock compression. Variations in solar activity and their relationship with geophysical parameters have been studied. The connection between solar activity and the value of the geomagnetic index is revealed. The correlation of bark movements and variations of solar activity is noted. Comprehensive analysis of geophysical and astrophysical parameters indicates time intervals in which geophysical and astrophysical parameters correlate with each other. Seismotectonic processes are accompanied by changes in the parameters of both geophysical fields and astrophysical quantities. The results are important for solving the ecological problems of the region and for their use in the study of the ecological state in the lessons of natural sciences and nature circles. The conducted research of geophysical aspects of the ecological state of Transcarpathia is important for the scientific community of border countries: Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania, as similar geological phenomena occur in their territories. In the future, it is important to coordinate complex geophysical research in seismic-generating areas, in particular the Carpathian-Balkan region, exchange experience and research results, especially during the war.
NEW RECORDS AND AN UPDATED CHECKLIST OF HERPETOFAUNA FROM PHU THO PROVINCE, NORTHERN VIETNAM
Authors: Tung Tran Thanh , Nam Nguyen Hai , Hoa Ninh Thi , Hai Ngo Ngoc , Huy Nguyen Quoc
Published: September 2022

Xuan Son National Park (NP) is located at Thanh Son district, Phu Tho province with a total core area of 15,048 ha. On the basis of the recent field surveys conducted during April to October, 2019 in Xuan Son National Park (Tan Son district), Phu Tho province, Vietnam, combining newly collected specimens of this study with species previous notes, the herpetological list gives an updated herpetological list of 130 species of the herpetofauna from Phu Tho province, Northern Vietnam, including 44 species of amphibians (8 families, 3 order), 10 species of turtles, 23 species of lizards, and 51 species of snakes (17 families, 2 orders). One species of amphibians (Ranidae: Chapa Torrent Frog Odorrana chapaensis) and three species of snakes (Colubridae: Sapa Flat-nosed Snake Hebius chapaensis, Light-barred Kukri Snake Oligodon albocinctus and Striped Kukri Snake Oligodon taeniatus) were recorded for the first time for herpetofauna from Phu Tho province. Based on the new herpetological collection from this province we provide the descriptions of morphology and information on the distribution of new herpetofauna by different habitat types to the fauna. The herpetofauna of Phu Tho province contains a high level of conservation concern, of which, 22 in Red Data Book of Vietnam (04 CR, 10 EN, 08VU), 22 species listed in the IUCN Red List (06 CR, 03 EN, 08 VU, 05 NT), 05 species listed IA in Governmental Decree 64/2019/ND-CP, 5 species listed in IB and 12 species listed in IB in Governmental Decree 84/2021/ND-CP. In addition, an updated list of the local herpetofauna is provided, including recent taxonomic or nomenclatural changes.
NEW RECORDS AND AN UPDATED LIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA FROM NA HAU NATURE RESERVE, YEN BAI PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Tuong Dinh Sy , Nghia Ha Van , Quang Nguyen Huy , Duc Ha Trung , Phuong Nguyen Van , Vinh Luu Quang
Published: September 2022

Na Hau Nature Reserve (NR) was established in 2006, located in Van Yen district, Yen Bai province with a total area of 16,950 hectares. The nature reserve consists of a large area of natural montane forest with the habitat is evergreen broad-leaved forests and limestone forests with karst caves. The herpetofauna of this protected area is still poorly known, there is not much research about herpetofauna in this area, only one checklist in 2009 and one article in 2015. As a result of our field survey in Na Hau NR in September 2020, 13 species of amphibians and reptiles were recorded for the first time from Na Hau Nature Reserve, namely Takydromus sexlineatus, Sphenomorphus cryptotis, Tropidophorus hainanus, Oligodon cinereus tamdaoensis, Hebius boulengeri, Pareas hamptoni, Boulenophrys palpebralespinosa, Xenophrys maosonensis, Microhyla butleri, Amolops shihaitaoi, Odorrana nasica, Sylvirana maosonensis, Rana johnsi. In addition, we provide an updated list of 37 reptile species and 23 amphibian species from the study area. The nature reserve also harbors a high level of conservation concern with 17 threatened species, including 14 species listed in the IUCN Red List (2022), 13 species listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book (2007), and 10 species listed in the Governmental Decree No. 84 (2021).
برصغیر کی عربی کتب تصوف کا تعارفی جائزہ
An Introductory Review of Subcontinent Arabic Sufism Books
Authors: Ajmal Rahat , Iftikhar Farwa
Published: September 2022

Self-purification, morality, and mysticism are listed in those topics of the educational world, on which the books of Muslim scholars achieved a worldwide reputation. On one hand, these books have revolutionized the lives of Muslims whereas, on the other, there is also a huge number of non-Muslims who benefit from the books of Muslim scholars and intellectuals. These are undoubtedly honourable assets of the Islamic nation.
No one can deny the effects and amendments caused to the hearts and minds of inhabitants of the Indo-Pak Sub-continent because of the teachings of Sufis. It is an undeniable fact that Muslim scholars of this region played a major role in preaching, publishing, and issuing Islam. On one side, Sufi scholars performed the duty of refinement through preaching & counselling, reminding & reporting, organization, negotiation & observation; while on the other, they directed those divine teachings by the use of pen and paper. Scholars and Sufis of the Sub-Continent have written many books on this topic in the Arabic language along with Persian, Urdu, Punjabi, and many other local languages. As Arabic has been the most spoken, understood and written language of the Muslim world, those books written in Arabic gained worldwide fame. The truth is, books of connoisseurs and Sufis portrayed the real face of mysticism and recommendation in front of Arabs and denied its wrong visions.
A discussion about many books will be part of this essay. We hope this research proves to be an important source for Arabic books on the Sub-continent about mysticism.
مذاہب عالم کے مابین اتحاد اور رواداری : قرآن و سنت کی روشنی میں ایک مطالعہ
Unity and Tolerance between the World Religions: A Study in the Light of the Qur'an and Sunnah
Authors: Ahmad Waheed , Bint Sajjad Ahmad Rabia
Published: September 2022

In Islam, non-Muslims have complete freedom to adhere to their religion. There will be unity with them based on tolerance will be exercised with them. The Islamic State will not attack their faith and worship. Tolerance will be treated as much as there is scope in Islamic law. Their places of worship will be protected. All prophets will be respected.
But from the end of the twentieth century to the present, there have been several incidents which have been hurting the feelings of Muslims. Muslims all over the world are protesting this attitude. Muslims want equal rights and honour around the world. They want human unity and interfaith harmony. This article presents the Islamic concept of unity and tolerance with other religions. Conclusions and recommendations have been formulated at the end of the article.
الٓمٓ غُلِبَتِ الرُّوم کی پیش گوئی اور مستشرقین کے اعتراضات کا تنقیدی مطالعہ
A Critical Study of the Orientalists’ Objections Regarding the Quranic Prediction of Dominance of the Roman Empire
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Hassaan , Raouf Muhammad Umair
Published: September 2022

In the Holy Qur’an, Allah Almighty has predicted some events and incidents going to happen in the future. These predictions (Domination of the religion Islam, Attainment of Hudaybiyyah treaty and acquisition of booty, Compilation, and interpretation of the Holy Qur’an) are considered the miracle of the Holy Qur’an. The prediction of “Victory and Domination of Roman Empire over the Persians” is one of such prophecies of the Holy Qur’an which was fulfilled within the period mentioned in the Holy Qur'an and so, deserves to be called a miracle of the Holy Qur'an. This clearest prophecy of the Holy Qur'an has been the subject of research by Western scholars. Well-known western researcher Edward Gibbon has acknowledged this Qur'anic prophecy and acknowledged that it was fulfilled at a time when conditions did not seem to be right. However, some Orientalists such as J.M. Rodwell, Michael Bonner, and E. M. Wherry, etc. have objected to this clear and important prediction and have sought to cast doubt on its status. In this article, the objections of the Orientalists have been critically examined and refuted on the basis of Ahadith and the opinions of Muslim scholars.

Hafiz Muhammad Hassaan Saeed *
Instructor (Islamic Studies), Department of Islamic Studies, Virtual University of Pakistan.
Muhammad Umair Raouf **
Instructor (Islamic Studies), Department of Islamic Studies, Virtual University of Pakistan.
Feature selection based on discriminative power under uncertainty for computer vision applications
Authors: Chakroun Marwa , Bouhamed Sonda Ammar , Kallel Imene Khanfir , Solaiman Basel , Derbel Houda
Published: September 2022

Feature selection is a prolific research field, which has been widely studied in the last decades and has been successfully applied to numerous computer vision systems. It mainly aims to reduce the dimensionality and thus the system complexity. Features have not the same importance within the different classes. Some of them perform for class representation while others perform for class separation. In this paper, a new feature selection method based on discriminative power is proposed to select the relevant features under an uncertain framework, where the uncertainty is expressed through a possibility distribution. In an uncertain context, our method shows its ability to select features that can represent and discriminate between classes.