bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendapatan Masyarakat,Tingkat Pendidikan, dan Pengetahuan Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Membayar Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Di Desa Gebugan, Kecamatan Bergas, Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Indriyasari Widya Vinda , Maryono Maryono
Published: February 2022

Land and Building Tax is a levy on land and buildings that arises because of the advantages and/or socio-economic position of a person or entity who has a right to it, or obtains benefits from it. Land and Building Tax is one of the factors of income for the state which is quite potential for state income. The strategic land and building tax is none other than because the object of the tax covers all land and buildings within the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Land and Building Tax is considered a potential source of funds for state financing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of people's income, education level, and knowledge of taxation on taxpayer compliance in paying land and building taxes. The population in this study were taxpayers in Gebugan Village, Bergas District, Semarang Regency, which amounted to 3,540 people. Sampling amounted to 100 taxpayers using the slovin formula. This research data is primary data which is carried out through distributing questionnaires to respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that income level has a positive effect on land and building taxpayer compliance, education level has no effect on land and building taxpayer compliance, and tax knowledge has a positive effect on land and building taxpayer compliance.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Suratminingsih Suratminingsih , Patriandari Patriandari , Mujiani Sari , Rizkiyana Nur
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, and ijarah financing on banking performance. The population in this study includes Islamic commercial banks for the 2015-2020 period. The sample in this study was taken using the purposive sampling method with certain criteria. Based on the predetermined criteria, the sample used is 8 samples with a total of 48 data. The analytical method used is Descriptive Statistics, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Coefficient of Determination Test, and Hypothesis Testing using an analytical tool in the form of SPSS (Statistics Product and Service Solutions). The results of this study indicate that: mudharabah financing has a positive effect on banking performance, musyarakah financing has a negative effect on banking performance, murabahah financing has a negative effect on banking performance, ijarah financing has a positive effect on banking performance.
The Effect of Industry Type, Company Size, Profitability, Leverage and Environmental Performance on Environmental Disclosure (Empirical Study on PROPER Participating Companies in 20182020)
Authors: Maulana Bramanda , Baroroh Niswah
Published: February 2022

Thei purpose of this study is to describe thei influence of industrial types, company size,  profitability,  leverage and environmental performance against Environmental Disclosure. The level of measurement of environmental disclosure is a chousier using GRI. There are 95 ratings scores in the detection of Disclosure environmental. The reference for this research is a study conducted by Burgwal and Vieirra (2014) conducted changes and improvements. The population in this study is a non financial company listed on the IDX in 2018 2020. The selected company for this study was 35 companies. The data collection used is purposive sampling, with the selection of Proper member companies. The data analyzed totaled 105 data. The main analysis of this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that industrial type variables, company size, profitability and environmental performance have a significant effect on environmental disclosure environment. While the leverage variable“does not significantly influence the environmental disclosure. Based on the regression results simultaneously obtained that 86.92% variations in industrial type variables, company size, profitability,  leverage and environmental performance have a significant significantly influence on the environmental disclosure. Suggestions for companies should pay attention and improve the disclosure of environmental responsibilities. The government is also expected to consider environmental disclosure standards. And for further research it is necessary to develop other factors as an influence of environmental disclosure and use the measurement of other environmental disclosures.
Implementation of Neural Network Algorithms in Predicting Student Graduation Rates
Authors: Fiqha Iin , Yandris Gomal Juni , Nasution Fitri Aini
Published: February 2022

Higher education institutions are required to be providers of quality education. One of the instruments used by the government to measure the quality of education providers is the number of graduates. The higher the graduation rate, the better the quality of education and this good quality will positively affect the accreditation value given by BAN-PT. Therefore, in this study, researchers provide input for research conducted at Bhayangkara University, Greater Jakarta to predict student graduation rates using the Neural Network algorithm. Neural Network is a method in machine learning developed from Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) which is designed to process two-dimensional data. Neural Network is included in the type of Deep Neural Network because of the depth of the network level and is widely implemented in image data. Neural Network has two methods; namely classification using feedforward and learning stages using backpropagation. The way Neural Network works is similar to MLP but in Neural Network each neuron is represented in two dimensions, unlike MLP where each neuron is only one dimension. The prediction accuracy obtained is 98.27%. unlike MLP where each neuron is only one-dimensional. The prediction accuracy obtained is 98.27%. unlike MLP where each neuron is only one-dimensional. The prediction accuracy obtained is 98.27%.
Prospective Evaluation of Factors Associated with Arteriovenous Fistula Primary Failure and Complications in Hemodialysis Patients: A Single Center-Study
Authors: Al-Shameri Ismail , KhudaBux Gamal , Al-Ganadi Abudar
Published: February 2022

Aim: The objective of this study was to analysis factors affecting arteriovenous fistula patency, to improve access outcome. Methods& Patients: Patients (n=290) were enrolled in our prospective observational study. Demographic, clinical, and operative variables were compared between those with and without NAVF function loss. In addition, we evaluated the distribution and complication of NAVF and its association with different factors. All statistical analyses were performed with the use of appropriate SPSS software package, version 24.0. Results: We found 96.5% (n=280) of patients had NAVFs, among them 67.9% (190/280) of patients had upper NAVFs, followed by lower NAVFs 32.1% 90/280), while 3.4% (10/290) of patients had depended on a cuff catheter. The most frequent complication post NAVF creation was thrombosis (11.4%), followed by noninfectious fluid collections (9.3%), infection (6.4%), Limp edema (4.3%), Aneurysmal degeneration (3.2%), arterial steal syndrome (2.5%) and venous hypertension (1.8%). History of dialysis catheter used AVF location and absent intraoperative thrill were independently associated with loss of NAVF primary patency. There was a statistically significant increase in the number of steal syndrome in patients who had diabetes mellitus (P value= 0.021) and in patients who had age >65 years (P value 0.002), while female gender was not (P value= 0.122). History of catheter used (P = 0.02), previous AVF procedure (P= 0.01), and present of non-infection fluid (P = 0.00) were found significantly increase the infection rate of NAVF. Conclusions: Identifying risk factors affecting AVF patency is crucial. Early and timely treating complications post AVF is essential for proper management and maturation.
Assessment of Maternal Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Remodeling in Gestational Hypertension
Authors: Nammour Ahmed Y. , El-amry Metwally Hassan , Attia Ali Ibrahim , Alsaghir Hegab Ahmed Abdel Mohsen , Rahman Yasser Abdel
Published: February 2022

Background: The first trimester of pregnancy is where the mother's hemodynamic adaptation starts. A raise in preload, a drop in afterload, improved conduit vessel enforcement, ventricular remodeling, and a change in the renin system cause cardiac production to increase and diastolic activity to change. -the renin-angiotensinaldosterone axis. Aim: To assess maternal left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in gestational hypertension. Methods: Our study was conducted on 50 patients divided on two groups as patients and control groups each of them 25. All subjects were evaluated by history taking, clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, 12-lead ECG and echocardiography. Results: There was a statistically highly significant correlation between patients and control groups in age and parity with p values (0.027) and (0.023) respectively and significant correlation in left ventricular remodeling with p value for normal geometry and concentric LVH (<0.001) and (0.05) respectively. There was a significant correlation between patients and control groups with as regard left ventricular diastolic function in E/A ratio and septal E with P values <0.001 for both of them. There was a significant correlation between patients and control groups in using GLS with P value 0.001. Conclusion: As compared to normotensive deliveries, gestational hypertension is correlated with retained left ventricular systolic activity, subclinical diastolic dysfunction, and left ventricular remodeling in the context of increased mass and wall thickness, as well as a higher prevalence of concentric remodeling. Speckle monitoring echocardiography is important in the early identification of systolic dysfunction.
Enhanced Self Care with Mobile Technology to Reduce Readmission in Congestive Heart Failure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Athilingam Ponrathi , Labrador Miguel A. , Redding Barbara A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: While people with congestive heart failure (CHF) are living longer, they often have limited ability to engage in treatment plans and self-management at home, thus resulting in increased hospitalizations. The use of novel digital technologies for improving self-management has been recommended for reducing CHF related hospitalizations. Objective: This pilot study compared a patient-centered enhanced self-care (ESC) intervention using a mobile system called “HeartMapp (HM)” (ESC HM) with an active wait listed control (WLC) group who received CHF education in reducing hospitalization rate and improving CHF outcomes. A total of 18 participants who met the inclusion criteria were block randomized to ESC HM (n=9) and active WLC group (n=9), both using similar mobile platform. Participants were followed for 30-days to examine the number of hospitalization and secondary outcomes including self-care, quality of life, and CHF knowledge. Results: Results showed that none of the participants randomized to ESC HM (n=9) were hospitalized during the study period of 30-days compared to two participants, both men (11%) in the WLC group. Additionally, clinically meaningful improvement in self-care management (t=3.38; p=0.006) and self-care confidence (6.7 vs 1.8; t=2.53; p=0.028) were observed in ESC HM group. Knowledge significantly improved in the ESC HM group while declined in the WLC group (t=2.37; p=0.037). Quality of life score declined by 2 points in the ESC HM group, while the WLC group score declined by 8 points (p=.08). Conclusion: Preliminary results of the pilot study demonstrated feasibility and potential efficacy of reducing hospitalization and improving CHF self-care; thus, warranting further evaluation in a well-designed large clinical trial.
Continuous Moderate Exercise Influence on Cardiac Remodeling in Patients Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Fattah Fahmy Ahmed Galal A. , Hady Gamal Abdel , Hassan Mai Helmy , Moussa Kareem Mohsen , Bordy Mohamed EL
Published: February 2022

Background: Following myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricle (LV) remodeling is a complex and multifactorial mechanism with therapeutic and prognostic consequences. Medications that reduce LV remodeling increase survival and quality of life. Exercising following a myocardial infarction (MI) is effective according to several trials. The implications on operation and remodeling, however, are still debated Aim of work: To evaluate continuous moderate-intensity aerobic training effects by using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on left ventricular remodeling after one month of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following myocardial infarction. Methods: Forty eligible patients (5 females and 35 males) who had PCI after one month of having MI with age 45-65 years old. They underwent conventional medical treatment in addition to a supervised intensive recovery regimen that included 36 hours of continuous moderate aerobic exercise (three times /week for 12 weeks). Evaluation of the effect of this program was done by magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) to calculate EF. Result: This research was done on 40 patients (5 females and 35 males) who had PCI after myocardial infarction. The mean age of the participants was 54.1 ± 7.0. Most patients have Killip class I. LAD was the culprit artery in 70% of the patients. The most common risk factors were smoking, dyslipidemia, and overweight. Post-treatment BMI decreased compared with pre-treatment BMI (p <0.05) for an improvement average of 5.37 percent. There was also a substantial improvement in the pretreatment systolic blood pressure and functional parameters as compared for post-treatment (p<0.05). As regard cardiac MRI, There was a significant reduction in post-treatment LV mass (117.2 ± 27.2) relative to pretreatment (128.7 ± 38.9). EF % was marked improvement from 49.32 ± 5.12 to 56.63 ± 5.49 (P value < 000.1). EDV and all other parameters show marked improvement post treatment as compared to pretreatment. Conclusion: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved LV remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) one month following myocardial Infarction.
Spontaneous Occlusion of the Sinus Node Artery: A Case Report
Authors: KR Diop , JS Mingou , SM Beye , PG Ndiaye , CMBM Diop , Y Diouf , SD Diallo , S Akanni , SA Sarr , AW Fatou , M Bodian , MB Ndiaye , AD Kane , M Diao , A Kane
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Occlusion of the sinus node artery is a rare situation. It is responsible for sinus node dysfunction and often occurs accidentally during percutaneous coronary intervention of a proximal lesion of the right coronary artery Case Report: This is a sixty-year-old woman with high blood pressure treat by dual therapy (an enzyme conversion inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic), who presented to the cardiological emergency room for a typical angina pain that had been evolving for 48 hours without a lull. Her clinical examination was normal apart from grade 3 arterial hypertension. The 18-lead surface electrocardiogram showed an electrical left ventricular hypertrophy with undershift of the ST segment in lateral and posterior territories, with an overshift of the ST segment in the antero-septal without any sign of necrosis. Biologically, the ultra-sensitive troponinemia was 88 times normal. The diagnosis of NSTEMI with troponin was retained with an intermediate ischaemic risk. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography showed concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular walls and dyskinesia of the right ventricle infero-apical wall. The coronary angiography showed an occlusion of the sinus node artery and a left coronary artery atheromatous with an intermediate lesion in the middle segment of the anterior interventricular artery. Conclusion: The present clinical case highlights the diversity in the expression of a sinus node artery occlusion that can occur spontaneously outside of a percutaneous coronary intervention.
Candida glabrata Infection: A Rare Complication of Chest Trauma
Authors: AJ Olugbemi , MO Thomas , EO Ogunleye , OO Olusoji , OO Ojo , SB Sanni
Published: February 2022

Candida species are fungi, which are ubiquitous organisms. It is a normal flora of the oral cavity, genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract. An increasing incidence of fungal infections with Candida species has been noted in immunocompromised patients such as intensive care, postsurgical, and neutropenic patients. Candida species are detected in approximately 31 to 55% of healthy individuals. They are more common in immunocompromised individuals. Colonization rates increase with severity of illness and duration of hospitalization. We present a 32-year-old male who presented at our institution with a thoracoabdominal penetrating injury following assault. He had injury to the stomach and left hemi diaphragm, with moderate hemothorax. He had surgery done with repair of the stomach and diaphragm. He however developed chest infection with empyma thoracis thereafter. Culture of the pleural effluent revealed growth of Canddida glabrata which was sensitive to Ketoconazole. He was treated for two weeks and subsequently discharged from the ward and followed up in the clinic. Though C. glabrata infection of the chest is rare, it is however useful to exclude fungal infection in patients with empyema thoracic, as early diagnosis and treatment provides good outcome.
A Case Report of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Rhabdomyolysis in Covid-19 Disease: An Interchange of Causes and Effects
Authors: Rirao Loubelle B. , Go Jeremy Owen G. , Perez Ronald S. , Ong-Cabrera Glynna
Published: February 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease from SARS-CoV2 that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that can present with extrapulmonary symptoms such as rhabdomyolysis. This is a case of a 55-year-old male known case of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) recently started on fixed dose combination therapy admitted due to non-rotatory dizziness and diaphoresis. He had hyponatremia (119mmol/L) and was given Tolvaptan 15mg OD. In the interim, he was noted to have myalgia, weakness, fever and watery diarrhea. COVID-19 RT-PCR swab was positive. CK-MM (52.11U/L) and CPK-total (2954U/L) levels were elevated. He was managed as a case of rhabdomyolysis and PTB medications were withheld. Chest x-ray showed bilateral infiltrates. Inflammatory markers showed elevations in LDH 734U/L, CRP 62mg/L, Ferritin 4374.08ng/mL and Procalcitonin 0.12ng/mL. ABG showed respiratory alkalosis with severe hypoxemia (pO2 43mmHg). Patient was started on ceftriaxone 2gm IV OD, remdesivir (200mg IV loading dose, then 100mg IV OD), dexamethasone 6mg IV OD, hemodialysis and hemoperfusion, convalescent plasma (2 aliquots), enoxaparin 0.6cc SC OD, and was hooked to high flow nasal cannula (FiO2 80%, Flow 30LPM, Temp 35°C). During the course of admission, HE HAD atrial fibrillation in rapid ventricular response, hypomagnesemia (0.75mmol/L), hypokalemia (2.9 mmol/L), and acute liver injury (AST 142U/L, ALT 116U/L), and was managed with colchicine 0.5mg/tab OD, trimetazidine 35mg/tab BID, digoxin 0.25mg IV (q4 hours for 6 doses then OD), ivabradine 7.5mg/tab BID, magnesium and potassium supplementation, and ademetionine 300mg/tab 2 tablets TID. Patient’s symptoms resolved and was weaned from oxygen support, and underwent pulmonary rehabilitation (incentive spirometry, musculoskeletal training/exercises) then discharged. In this article, we discussed the correlation of ARDS and rhabdomyolysis to COVID-19 and its implications on patient’s course of illness and recovery.
Genetics of Sudden Cardiac Death, the Channelopathies: Today's Perspective and the Future
Authors: Alabdulgader Abdullah
Published: February 2022

Channelopathy constitute significant proportion of SCD worldwide (around 10% or 370000 deaths annually). Besides LQTS, the channelopathies include Brugada syndrome (BrS), short QT syndrome, Early Repolarization Syndrome (ERS), catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), and congenital sick sinus syndrome. It was constituting a mysterious group of disease until the second half of the last century when Anton Jervell and Fred Lange-Nielsen described Jervell Lange-Nielsen syndrome in 1957.It was late until 1995 where genetic characterization commenced. Later on, the massive genetic information obtained in the field with discovery of genetic heterogeneity and allelic heterogeneity were all part of our new understanding and clues to solve the historical conundrum of channelopathies. Here, we review the genetic basis of sudden cardiac death with a focus on the current knowledge on the genetics of the primary electric disorders caused primarily by mutations in genes encoding ion channels. Diving deep into the genetic details of those syndromes enable us to improve our knowdelege and decode the pathophysiology of those malignant arrhythmias. The ultimate ambition is prevention of channelopathy based sudden cardiac death and associated disorders in human.
Coronary Stenting versus Bypass Graft Surgery for Management of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in the Setting of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bordy Mohamed El , Kamel Waleed Abbas , Hady Gamal Abdel , Yassin Ihab
Published: February 2022

Background: There is a lack of published research that compare stenting versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. This research compared the safety and efficacy of stents versus CABG for patients with LMCA disease in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to retrieve the records of LMCA who underwent coronary stenting or CABG. We compared both techniques in terms of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and postoperative complications. Results: Sixty patients were included (30 patients in each group). The incidence of periprocedural mortality was equal between PCI and CABG groups (6.7% versus 10%). Likewise, the overall incidence of periprocedural complications was comparable between both groups (13.3% versus 20%). The incidence of immediate post procedural complications was 20% and 30% in PCI and CABG groups, respectively (p =0.37). Likewise, the rate of immediate post procedural mortality was 3.3% and 6.7%, respectively (p =1.0). Both groups exhibited similar rates of late post procedural complications as well (p =0.25). Conclusion: In conclusion, PCI and CABG had comparable postoperative outcomes in LMCA patients in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Further randomized controlled trials with larger sample size and longer follow-up period are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of both techniques in such patients.
Conversion of Fibrinolysis Reserves into Thrombolysis Resources. Bolus Compositions of Plasminogen Activators
Authors: Maksimenko Alexander V.
Published: February 2022

Analysis of research and clinical data demonstrated the efficacy and ponderability of thrombolysis as the method of choice. Significant reserve of thrombolytic therapy beetles conjunctive application of tissue and urokinase plasminogen activators in decreased doses. The perspective of this combined approach consists in forming of bolus thrombolytic compositions on the base of plasminogen activators due to burly science-medical cooperation of researchers and clinical coworkers.
Use of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain to predict Reverse Left Ventricular Remodeling after MitraClip Repair
Authors: DO Maranda Herner , Salcedo Ernesto E. , Quaife Robert A. , Gill Edward A. , Mercandetti Jennifer , McNair Bryan , Carroll John D.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Mitral Regurgitation (MR) can cause left ventricular dilation (remodeling). Reverse remodeling describes improved volumes after intervention. Reverse remodeling carries favorable prognosis, but not all MitraClip patients undergo reverse remodeling. We hypothesized pre-procedural global longitudinal strain (preGLS) will predict reverse remodeling one-year post MitraClip in all-cause MR patients. Methods: Of the 189 MitraClips performed at our institution between 2007-2019, 57 patients had complete echocardiographic data,. Echocardiograms 0-120 days prior to and 6-24 months after procedure were retrospectively reviewed. Reverse remodeling was defined as reduction in end diastolic volume (EDV). Results: In 20 sample echocardiograms, intra and inter-reader GLS variability was r=0.95 and r=0.90, respectively. Our population consisted of 55.2% female, 12.3% functional , 61.4% degenerative and 26.3% mixed mitral regurgitation. A reduction in EDV was demonstrated in 38 patients (67%). EDV, ESV, LAVi, and RVSP significantly decreased post-clip (all p<0.01) but not LVEF. Regression models showed pre-EDV (p<0.01) and pre-ESV (p<0.01) had significant crude and adjusted linear associations and ?pre-GLS? had a significant crude curvilinear association (linear p=0.04, quadratic p =0.04) with EDV reductions post clip. The curvilinear association showed among lower, more abnormal ?pre-GLS? values, higher ?pre-GLS? was associated with greater reductions in EDV. When adjusted for pre-EDV and pre-ESV, GLS lost significance(linear p=0.29, quadratic p=0.29). Conclusion: Our study shows a majority of MitraClip patients demonstrate reverse remodeling and pre-GLS to be associated with reverse remodeling, though not robustly. A study with larger sample sizes is needed to better define the association.
Vaginal Candidiasis in Women of Childbearing Age at the University Hospital of Brazzaville: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: NSB Potokoué Mpia , G Sékangué Obili , BR Ossibi Ibara , I Djendja Ingoba , G Gackosso , G Buambo , C Itoua , LH Iloki
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Vaginal candidiasis is a fungal disease caused by a yeast type Candida. It affects more than 75% of women during the period of genital activity. Changes in vaginal pH due to various factors lead to the onset of the infection. Objective: Determine the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in women of childbearing age and look for associated factors or risk for its occurrence. Patients, Materials and Method: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study from July to October 2019. It concerned all patients aged 15 to 49 years, received at the Parasitology-mycology and parasitic immunology laboratory of the University Hospital of Brazzaville for an analysis of the vaginal sample. For each vaginal sample, a direct examination and culture on Sabouraud Chloramphenicol medium with and without Actidione were performed. A questionnaire was completed specifying age, medical and surgical history, symptoms and risk factors. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20 using Chi-square test and Student's test and multivariate logistic regression was performed. The test was significant when p Ë‚ 0.05. Results: Among 152 samples analyzed, 88 were positive on direct examination (48.7%) and 34 were positive after culture (22.4%). It concerned patients of mean age 32 years (24 years, 40 years), living with one sexual partner (79.4%), never had abortions (64.7%). We found the use of antibiotics (2.9%), corticosteroid therapy (5.9%) and diabetes (6.6%). Among the women included in the study, 32.4% were pregnant. 38.2% of patients used intimate bath and 14.7% used community bath towels; 23.5% wore synthetic underwear; 26.5% of tight clothing and 26.4% had wrong cleaning mode after defecation (p = 0.003). Symptoms associated with vaginal candidiasis were significantly leucorrhoea (38.2%; p = 0.000), burning sensation (22.4%; p = 0.003) and vulvar pruritus (35.5%; p = 0.016). The risk factors associated with the occurrence of vaginal candidiasis were the presence of leucorrhoea and the wrong cleaning mode after defecation associating both front to back / back to front. Patients with leucorrhoea had a 4.21 folds higher risk of vaginal candidiasis, while those with wrong cleaning mode front to-back / back-to-front had a 28.97 folds higher risk. Conclusion: Vaginal candidiasis is common in women of childbearing age with poor hygienic conditions. The associated factors identified are those found in the literature, among which, leucorrhoea and cleaning mode combined from front to back / back to front.
Promotion of Effective COVID-19 Response Interventions among Health Workforce in Virika Hospital, Kabarole District-Uganda
Authors: Tumwebaze Mathias , Ajuna Lillian , Gwaita Aggrey , Jubilee John , Ahimbisibwe Andrew , Halage Abdullah Ali
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV2 virus was first identified and reported in 2019 by the people’s Republic of China in Wuhan and declared a pandemic disease in march 2020. Since then, the disease has continued to spread to the rest of the communities in the world and Kabarole district in Uganda has not been spared. The need to promote effective COVID-19 Response Interventions through a capacity-building project of health workforce in Kabarole and Uganda in general was ostensible. The effective COVID-19 interventions strengthened among Virika Hospital Health workforce were, enhanced risk communication by health workers and Community engagements through Social mobilisation. In this paper, we share how a capacity building project for health workforce at Virika Hospital, Kabarole district Uganda, contributed to the reduction of community COVID-19 transmission and death as a result of increased levels of awareness of the risk by Health workers and community. Methods: This was a hospital-based project initiated by the Hospital nursing officer and the administration soliciting technical support from Kabarole District Surveillance Health office. It targeted hospital technical and support staff. At community, the Village Health Team and Village chairpersons were targeted and drawn from 5 randomly selected parishes. Risk communication practice was done using five FM Radio stations and King TV station in Fort Portal City. Results: A health workforce capacity of 60 staff was built, 92% technical and 8% support staff. Skills in Risk communication were acquired by the health workforce through Radio presentations that followed 3 workshop sessions at the hospital. Sessions on infection prevention and control were dominated by demonstrations and return demonstrations on hand hygiene and use of PPEs in COVID-19 prevention. Through dialogue meetings with the VHTs and community leaders, the community was empowered on early detection and reporting of COVID-19 Alert simulations. Despite the enhanced health workforce capacity however, inadequate PPEs was noted as a limiting factor amidst good workforce risk response competencies built. Conclusion: The enhanced health workforce capacity with effective Response interventions like risk communication, Infection Prevention and Control and community engagement, contributed to reduction in community Covid-19 transmission In Kabarole District. This could ensure a long term and sustained response capacity to any other emerging infections in the district.
The Impact of Influenza Vaccine Uptake on COVID-19 Infection amongst a Multi-ethnic Population with Multiple Morbidities
Authors: McWalter Patricia , Karim Hussain , Alodhaibi Khitam
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID 19 Pandemic, which appeared in 2019 and is caused by SARS Coronavirus 2, has had a huge impact on the health of millions of people worldwide, with some patients having no symptoms or mild to moderate symptoms and others having prolonged, complicated courses, with some succumbing to the disease. The presence of co-morbidities puts the patient at a greater risk of acquiring a more severe infection. This population are also at a greater risk for more severe influenza infection and Influenza vaccination is recommended for this group on an annual basis. Objectives: To assess whether influenza vaccination may protect against COVID 19 infection, in a Family Medicine population with co-morbidities. The study will shed light on the influence of influenza vaccination on acquiring COVID 19 infection. Design: This is an observational, retrospective study. Setting: Family Medicine Clinic in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Charts from family medicine patients with one or more co-morbidities who received the influenza vaccine during the 2019/2020 Influenza season, were reviewed. Patients aged between 25 to 75 with comorbidities were included and had received the influenza vaccine from July 2019 to March 2020. Children under 18 and pregnant patients were excluded from the study. Sample size: 250 patients. Conclusions: There may be beneficial effects of using the Influenza vaccine in a high-risk community population, with co-morbidities, during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Female Urinary Microbiome Analysis and Artificial Intelligence Enhances the Infectious Diagnostic Yield in Precision Medicine
Authors: Baugher David , Larsen Alexander W , Chen Yuan , Icenhour Crystal R. , Valencia C Alexander
Published: February 2022

We assessed the diagnostic yield of metagenomics urine sample testing in patients with urological symptoms. We conducted microbiome analysis of 86 female urine samples that included 17 healthy controls and 69 patients. Natural language processing (NLP), a subfield of artificial intelligence, was used to create a pathogen identification tool, Xplore-AI, to assess the potential pathogens in all of the samples. Meanwhile, report summaries that were written by infectious disease experts were compared to the NLP results to investigate its accuracy. The results showed that the NLP system reported 97% of patient samples had at least one pathogen over three standard deviations from values found in in healthy controls. Similarly, 84% of patients had two or more classified pathogens. These diagnostic percentages were consistent with the infectious disease expert summaries. However, some pathogens like Aerococcus urinae were present in 13 patient samples, but only reported in one summary. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the high diagnostic yield in females with urological symptoms following metagenomic analysis and the ability of using an NLP-based system to identify pathogens to improve the accuracy of the reportable species.
Naso-Oral Irrigation with Electrolyzed Saline Solution Reduced COVID-19 Antigen Levels: Case Report
Authors: Nakamoto Kembu , Hashiyada Hiroshi , Fujii Toshiyuki , Motoyama Kazuki , Yoshida Kazuya , Kawamoto Sadahiro , Kawamura Yuko
Published: February 2022

Rationale: Super acidic (pH<2.7) electrolyzed saline (ES) is a non-toxic and all-purpose disinfectant for viruses, bacteria and fungi. The effect of gargling ES was investigated in COVID-19. Patients and Methods: Three patients with/without pneumonia were admitted since June 8, 2021. Treatment strategies followed to the Japanese Guidelines for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 2016 with modifications for remote treatment. ES gargling were used to decontaminate the primary infection site. Each patient gargled a glass of ES on the day of admission (day 1), and then gargled half a glass of ES 3 times a day for the following 3 days. Results: Gargling ES resulted in a prompt (within a week) reduction in salivary SARS-CoV-2 antigen levels, and all 3 patients recovered and were released from quarantine within 2 weeks. Conclusions: Non-specific virucidal activity of ES was reconfirmed in COVID-19. ES gargling will suppress disease progression and transmission of COVID-19.
Rabies Exposures in International Travelers: A Review
Authors: Murray Henry W.
Published: February 2022

Up to 2% of international travelers report an animal contact which raises the possibility of rabies exposure. Travelassociated rabies is rare; however, infection is essentially fatal once expressed yet death is preventable by timely postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) -- thorough wound cleansing, local injection of rabies immune globulin (RIG) and a vaccine series. To begin to provide initial guidance if contacted by a patient potentially exposed to rabies while abroad, key questions the clinician should ask in a stepwise fashion are: (1) What animal was involved? (2) What was the actual exposure and in what country did it occur? (3) How many wounds, location (including mucosal surfaces), severity and what wound care performed? (4) Is the traveler immunocompromised? (5) Was either preexposure rabies prophylaxis or PEP previously given? (6) Is rabies PEP clearly indicated and/or is expert advice and guidance needed? (7) Where is the traveler, what level of acceptable care is accessible and how long to access it? And (8) What formulation of rabies immune globulin and vaccine is available and what injection protocol is in-use? Framed here by experience with four travelers, answers to these and additional questions set the stage for the clinician’s initial guidance and action. The goal and clinical relevance of this review is straightforward – to maximize the opportunity for travelers who warrant rabies PEP to promptly receive it.
A Systematic Review of BCG and tie-in to coronavirus disease: A Point of Contention for Global Health?
Authors: Vijayan Rupalakshmi , Gadodia Ritika , Hassan Syed Adeel , Choudhry Ali Sanaullah , Diaz Miguel
Published: February 2022

Background: COVID-19, a pandemic that started in December 2019 from the city of Wuhan in China. BCG (Mycobacterium Bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) is a live attenuated vaccine used for tuberculosis (TB) that. The BCG vaccine became a part of the ‘National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTCP)’ in India in 1962. The BCG vaccine is given to all children in India, preferably within the first year after birth. However, as per CDC recommendations in the US, BCG is only considered for very select cases, for e.g. children who have a negative TB test and who are continually exposure to adults with TB disease. It induces epigenetic and metabolic alterations at promoter sites of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1,IL-6 and TNF that improve the innate immune response to the subsequent infections by trained immunity. This may be useful in management of COVID-19. Method: We conducted a literature review searching databases like Cochrane, PubMed, Google scholars, CINAHL, LILACS, UpToDate, Scopus, EMBASE, WOS, and Science Direct. We used the following keywords: COVID 19, SARSCoV2 and BCG vaccines. We included case reports, case series and cohort (retrospective and prospective). Results: The global trend suggested an inverse association between BCG vaccination policy and COVID-19 mortality. Countries with current BCG vaccination had lower deaths and was negatively associated with COVID-19 deaths per million Patients with BCG vaccination were more likely to experience myalgia and less likely to require hospital admission. BCG is known to elicit non-specific immune effects through the induction of the innate immune responses and the enhanced production of IL-1β and help combat COVID-19 like respiratory infections. Conclusion: If the BCG vaccine is proven to provide non-specific protection to bridge the gap before a diseasespecific vaccine is developed, this would be an important tool in the response to COVID-19 and future pandemics.
Congenital Trypanosomiasis in an 11-Year-Old Girl at the Brazzaville University Hospital
Authors: BR Ossibi Ibara , Doukaga Adoua , M Ekat , P Bendett , G Mvoumbo , F Kinga , L Kitembo
Published: February 2022

Human African trypanosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease about to be eliminated as a public health problem. It afflicts rural populations, particularly adults engaged in hunting and fishing activities in endemic homes. Left untreated, the disease is 100% fatal in an array of dormant cachexia. Vertical transmission from mother to child is rare but proven. We report a case of Human African Trypanosomiasis in an 11-year-old girl who has never been to an endemic area and who has no other risk exposure factor apart from the fact she was born from mother who was affected by the disease and treated for 10 years during pregnancy. The diagnosis was made after the analysis of the LCS notifying 144 elements with the presence of numerous trypanosomes. The patient was classified into the second period and treated with NECT for 10 days.
Prevalence of Malaria Infection across Trimesters of Pregnancy and Number of Births in Pregnant Women in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Diorgu Faith C. , Iwu Rosemond C. , Iwuanyanwu Patrick K. C.
Published: February 2022

This study investigated the Prevalence of Malaria Infection across Trimesters and Number of Births in Pregnant Women in South-South, Nigeria. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitemia across trimesters and number of pregnancies. A descriptive design study with 100 pregnant women participants Sample size was calculated using the Fischer’s formula. The demographic data: age, trimester of the pregnancy and the number of pregnancies were collected with laboratory request form for microscopy of the participants’ blood sample. Venous blood samples were collected into EDTA sample bottles and taken to a central laboratory for blood microscopy test to determine the presence of malaria parasite. Descriptive and inferential statistics, supported with SPSS Version 22 were done. Findings revealed that the presence of malaria parasitaemia was more common in the second trimester 28(45.9%), and in multigravida 43(70.5 %.). The study concluded that there is no significant relationship between trimester of pregnancy and number of pregnancies with malaria infection among pregnant women (P = 0.05). Based on the study findings, it was recommended that more studies should be carried out in HIV positive pregnant (since their immunity is lower). It was also recommended that some studies on malaria parasitaemia in pregnant women should be carried out during wet season June to July when the rainfall is highest in the same study area to determine if the prevalence could be attributed to the excess rainfall and wet weather condition in the region.
Nursing Prescription: The State of The Art, Results of a Quantitative Study
Authors: Elsa Vitale , Cosimo Della Pietà , Attilio Gualano , Ilaria Lavopa , Francesco Germini
Published: February 2022

The present study aimed to deepen the topic of nursing prescription in the international arena and investigate the degree of knowledge and interest of Nurses on the subject. A quantitative study was carried out, through a survey by administering an ad hoc questionnaire, to a convenience sample composed of nurses assigned to the departments of: Medicine, Neurology, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, Cardiology, General Surgery, Urology, Neurosurgery and Emergency Department of the “Santissima Annunziata” hospital in Taranto, Italy. 110 questionnaires were administered. Of these, 100 questionnaires were fully completed. The vastness of the topic, the different ethical - deontological perspectives, the need to customize the assistance intervention, certainly suggest the opportunity for further study, extending the interviewed sample in quantitative terms.
Relationship of Psychological Symptoms Observed in Pregnant Turkish Women with Socio-Demographic and Obstetric Risk Factors
Authors: DEMIRHAN Ilknur , PINAR Gul
Published: February 2022

Objective: The aim of an analytic cross-sectional study is to evaluate the relationship of psychological symptoms with socio-demographical and obstetric risk factors in pregnant Turkish women. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 at a State Education and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Identification Form and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used in collection of the data. Results: The study group consisted of 297 pregnant women. The prevalence of anxiety was 14.8% and depression was 28.6%. Anxiety or depression scores were found to be higher in those with low education and low income, those who are in the last trimester of pregnancy, those with non-planned pregnancy, those with pre-eclampsia, those who feel they are not ready for motherhood, those suffering fears and concerns related with giving birth, those with poor husband support and marital adjustment and those with inadequate knowledge on pregnancychildcare (p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been found that married pregnant women are under risk in terms of anxiety and depression, and affected from numerous socio-graphical and obstetric risk factors.
Association between Accepting the Illness and Effective Insulin Administration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: KORKMAZ BINAY Sengül , ASTI Türkinaz
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Patients with type 2 diabetes will be easier to adapt to treatment if they accept their illness. To investigate the association between individual, disease-related and care-related properties of the individuals and their accepting the disease, and effective insulin administration. Material and Methods: 103 diabetic patients were included in the study. The Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) and the Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-Testing Questionnaire (D-FISQ) were used for the data collection. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics. Results: The Cronbach alpha was 0.96 for AIS, 0.95 for fear of self-injecting (FSI), 0.80 for fear of self-testing (FST) and 0.85 for total D-FISQ. A negative association was determined between the AIS score, and FSI, FST, total D-FISQ; a positive association was found between the FSI score and FST, total D-FISQ scores and between FST and the total D-FISQ scores. The FSI score was found to be higher among females. Conclusion: Accepting the disease affects an effective insulin administration behavior. Hence, nursing care and education of the individuals should be planned and implemented so as to improve the acceptance level of diabetes.