bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dense sampling approaches for psychiatry research: Adventures with scanners and smartphones
Authors: McGowan Amanda L. , Sayed Farah , Boyd Zachary M. , Jovanova Mia , Kang Yoona , Speer Megan , Cosme Danielle , Mucha Peter , Ochsner Kevin , Bassett Danielle S , Falk Emily B. , Lydon-Staley David M.
Published: May 2022

A key challenge for understanding human experience is to capture the interplay between biology, environment, and culture. Because these levels of analysis operate across temporal scales from milliseconds to years, multimodal techniques are needed to provide insight into their operation and interaction. Data from brain scanning (e.g., neuroimaging) and smartphones are increasingly combined to provide complementary insights into the neurobiological correlates of dynamic psychiatric phenotypes as they unfold in real-world settings. We review literature published in the last three years highlighting how scanners and smartphones can be combined to push forward our understanding of brain-behavior relationships in health and disease.
Defining the p-Factor: An Empirical Test of Five Leading Theories
Authors: Southward Matthew W. , Cheavens Jennifer S. , Coccaro Emil F.
Published: May 2022

Background: Despite statistical evidence of a general factor of psychopathology (i.e., p-factor), there is little agreement about what the p-factor represents. Researchers have proposed five theories: dispositional negative emotionality (neuroticism), impulsive responsivity to emotions (impulsivity), thought dysfunction, low cognitive functioning, and impairment. These theories have primarily been inferred from patterns of loadings of diagnoses on p-factors, with different sets of diagnoses included in different studies. Researchers who have directly examined these theories of p have examined a subset of the theories in any single sample, limiting the ability to compare the size of their associations with a p-factor. Methods: In a sample of adults (N = 1833, Mage = 34.20, 54.4% female, 53.3% White) who completed diagnostic assessments, self-report measures, and cognitive tests, we evaluated statistical p-factor structures across modeling approaches and compared the strength of associations among the p-factor and indicators of each of these five theories. Results: We found consistent evidence of the p-factor’s unidimensionality across one-factor and bifactor models. The p-factor was most strongly and similarly associated with neuroticism (r = .88), impairment (r = .88), and impulsivity (r = .87), chi-sq(1)s < .15, ps > .70, and less strongly associated with thought dysfunction (r = .78), chi-sq(1)s > 3.92, ps < .05, and cognitive functioning (r = –.25), chi-sq(1)s > 189.56, ps < .01. Conclusions: We discuss a tripartite definition of p that involves the transaction of impulsive responses to frequent negative emotions leading to impairment that extends and synthesizes previous theories of psychopathology.
A Computational Model of Unintentional Mind Wandering in Focused Attention Meditation
Authors: Christian Isaac , Agrawal Mayank
Published: May 2022

Why does the mind wander? Recent theoretical models suggest mental content depends on a calculation that measures the expected rewards gained from the current task compared to other cognitive tasks and procedures. In Focused Attention Meditation (FA), participants practice attentional control by maintaining attention to an internal stimulus. Throughout the task, attentional lapses occur, in which there is an abrupt shift to mind wandering. We propose a model that formalizes attentional lapses as the interaction between a controller that boosts attentional resources to a target according to expected value calculations and a metacognitive monitoring procedure that stochastically observes internal contents. The model is applied to explain variation in button press data on an FA meditation task.
Experimental paradigms in personality disorder research: A review of previous evidence, methodological issues and future directions
Authors: Hepp Johanna , Niedtfeld Inga , Schulze Lars
Published: May 2022

Studies using experimental paradigms have been paramount in research on psychopathological processes in personality disorders (PDs). We review 99 articles that report experimental paradigms and that were published between 2017 and 2021 in thirteen peer-reviewed journals. We structure the study content according to the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), and report details on demographic variables, experimental design, sample size, and statistical analyses. We discuss unequal representation of the RDoC domains, representativeness of the recruited clinical groups, and a lack of sample diversity. Finally, we review issues regarding statistical power and the data analytic designs that were used. Based on the literature review, we draw implications for future experimental PD research, encouraging researchers to increase the breadth of represented RDoC constructs, the representativeness and diversity of the recruited samples, the statistical power to detect between-person effects, the reliability of estimators, the adequacy of statistical methods, and the transparency of experimental research.
Wer fühlt sich gut und wer nicht? Subjektives Wohlbefinden und Coping von Hochschuldozierenden
Authors: Özsoy Melissa Dilara , Rinas Raven , Kiltz Lisa , Dresel Markus , Daumiller Martin
Published: May 2022

Research shows that higher education faculty face diminished subjective well-being (SWB), leading to negative consequences—not only for themselves, but also for students and institutions. Therefore, their ability to cope well with the work demands and responsibilities they face is crucial. Despite the importance of SWB and coping for this population, little is known about individual differences in these factors. To address this, we analyzed cross-sectional data on SWB, coping, and personal/demographic variables of 803 faculty members from 52 universities. Results of the multivariate analyses of variance attested significant differences in SWB and coping depending on gender and academic position. Furthermore, teaching experience and gender were found to interact with SWB and coping. Thus, faculty members who have little teaching experience and who are women can particularly benefit in interventions on SWB and coping.
Stop, children what’s that sound? Multi-modal inference through mental simulation
Authors: Outa Joseph , Zhou Xi Jia , Gweon Hyowon , Gerstenberg Tobias
Published: May 2022

Human adults can figure out what happened by combining evidence from different sensory modalities, such as vision and sound. How does the ability to integrate multi-modal information develop in early childhood? Inspired by prior computational work and behavioral studies with adults, we examined 3- to 8-year-old children's ability to reason about the physical trajectory of a ball that was dropped into an occluded Plinko box. Children had to infer in which one of three holes the ball was dropped based on visual information (i.e., where the ball landed) and auditory information (i.e., the sounds of the ball colliding with parts of the box). We compare children's responses to the predictions of four computational models. The results suggest that although even the youngest children make systematic judgments rather than randomly guessing, children's ability to integrate visual and auditory evidence continues to develop into late childhood.
Global Competency and International Mindedness in LIS Education
Authors: Engseth Ellen
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the role of the global competency framework within library and information studies professional education, explores the relevant literature, and places the framework in context of equity, diversity, and inclusion as well as other relevant areas of the field. The author posits that the knowledges, skills, and attitudes of the global competency framework contribute through international mindedness to equity-centered education within library and information studies.
Toward a Conceptual Model of Online Collaborative Learning: A Multi-Phased Investigation into Experiences and Perceptions of Online MLIS Students
Authors: Shahvar Shabnam , Tang Rong
Published: May 2022

Even though online teaching and learning in the LIS field is not new, in-depth research efforts specifically addressing the relationship between social presence and its value to the success of online collaborative learning (OCL) for students in Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) programs in the United States has seldom been conducted. This article focuses on the impact of demographic factors, technological skills, and past online experiences on OCL, as well as the affective and social variables that influence the success of OCL. In addition, the article reports on the participants’ perceptions and experiences with regard to their OCL performance. Furthermore, it explores the opportunities and obstacles that participants identify as associated with the OCL experience in general. It was hypothesized that demographic factors, technological skills, and past experiences would have a significant impact on OCL performance and perception. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design that involved two phases. While Phase I featured an online survey with 457 respondents from ALA-accredited MLIS programs, Phase II consisted of follow-up interviews with 29 respondents who completed their Phase I survey. Statistically significant differences were found among demographic variables, technology usage, and OCL experiences with respect to respondents’ agreement ratings of performance/behavior and perception statements. The qualitative analysis uncovered constructs of group composition, group environment, and group collaboration. The triangulation of data resulted in an OCL conceptual model, which provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of social presence in the OCL process and offers guidance toward the operationalization of key factors that help to facilitate and enhance success and positive OCL experience among online learners.
Assessing Experiential Learning to Promote Students’ Diversity Engagement
Authors: Adkins Denice , Buchanan Sarah A. , Bossaller Jenny S. , Brendler Beth M. , Alston Jason K. , Moulaison Sandy Heather
Published: May 2022

This article describes a faculty response to two challenges of online education: diversity engagement and professional socialization. Reviewing the literature, we develop a rubric to help assess the potential of new assignments for meeting these challenges. Using that rubric, we assess several assignments and projects that students evaluated positively, to better articulate the efficacy of the assignment in meeting our diversity education goals and future barriers to access. We conclude by discussing the strengths and weaknesses of our model for assessing diversity awareness and professional socialization in the LIS curriculum.
DuMont, 35 Years Later: HBCUs, LIS Education, and Institutional Discrimination
Authors: Ndumu Ana , Chancellor Renate
Published: May 2022

This article revisits Rosemary DuMont’s 1986 articles on Black librarianship and racial attitudes in LIS. The first part addresses missing or limited coverage on the library schools at five historically Black colleges and universities: Alabama A&M University, Clark Atlanta University, University of the District of Columbia, Hampton University, and North Carolina Central University. The second part provides examples of biases in accreditation as it relates to HBCU-based LIS programs. The article closes with a discussion on the erasure of HBCUs in LIS education, despite their important contributions to racial and ethnic representation and inclusion in the library professions.
Where Do We Stand? Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Social Justice in North American Library and Information Science Education
Authors: Poole Alex H. , Agosto Denise , Greenberg Jane , Lin Xia , Yan Erjia
Published: May 2022

The field of LIS continues to face a vexing paradox. Its longstanding ideal of and concomitant commitment to serving diverse communities and users equally has failed to translate into diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the profession or in LIS education. This article analyzes efforts to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in North American LIS programs between 1971 and 2018. First, it addresses change and continuity in diversity-centered LIS scholarship over time. Second, it unpacks key terms such as diversity, equity, and inclusion. Third, it underlines the importance of and mandate for diversity, adducing demographic change and social justice, and suggests cultural competence as a key vehicle for DEI work. Fourth, it examines recruitment and retention efforts and their results, strategies to weave DEI and social justice topics into the curriculum, and barriers to such efforts. Finally, areas for further research are suggested.
Going Against the Current of Hegemonic “White-IST” Discourse: A Doctoral Program Journey from Critical Student + Guide Perspectives
Authors: Gray LaVerne , Mehra Bharat
Published: May 2022

This article presents a critique of systemic library and information science (LIS) education and its hegemonic “White-IST” (White + elitist) discourse prevalent across the conceptualization and implementation of doctoral programs in the United States. The text illuminates the structural aspects of the doctoral experience embedded in (yet beyond) a shared narrative, to present implications for doctoral education for LIS students of color. The article extends an autoethnographic approach to personal narrative and storytelling from the critical perspectives of a student + guide. It identifies challenges to overcome barriers in achieving milestones in the LIS doctoral journey while critiquing programmatic issues in the process.
Toward a Framework for Preparing Leaders in a Global Information Context
Authors: Singh Rajesh , Widén Gunilla
Published: May 2022

This article addresses a framework for conceptualizing the preparation of leaders for the library and information science (LIS) profession. The framework has three components: curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment (CPA). Moreover, this framework is mirrored in examples from two LIS programs (one in Finland and one in the United States) and discusses how the future expertise of library and information professions can be foreseen in educational programs. This study demonstrates how LIS programs can utilize this framework in developing an intentional and holistic approach to guide, review, and impart leadership education in a global information context.
Shape Memory Alloy Actuated Vortex Generators: Development and Flight Test
Authors: Calkins Frederick T. , Nicholson Douglas E. , Fassmann Andrew , Vijgen Paul , Yeeles Christopher , Benafan Othmane , Bigelow Glen , Gaydosh Darrell
Published: May 2022

Conventional vortex generators (VG) in aeronautical applications are static vanes mounted on aircraft surfaces used to improve aircraft efficiency during low speed operations. However, during the cruise phase of flight, these static devices are always deployed and produce drag penalties. With the goal of improving aircraft efficiency, Boeing in collaboration with NASA Glen Research Center have developed and successfully flight tested environmentally activated SMART-VGs that repeatedly and accurately retract during cruise and deploy during take- off and landing. This application is distinctively enabled by the ability of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuation to produce large work outputs in compact volumes and operate as both a sensor and actuator. The SMART-VG project highlighted here was built upon recent advancements in SMA rotary actuation technology that included improved alloy systems, design tools, best practices, published standards and high-level wind tunnel and flight test demonstrations. This program successfully matured and validated the targeted alloy development and associated design processes in a unique way by demonstrating shape memory alloy reconfigurable technology (SMART) in-flight. The data from this flight test is being used to optimize a next generation design of the SMART-VGs that will be tested in 2022.
Improving Elastocaloric Cooling Performance by Applying Novel Thermodynamic Cycle
Authors: Kabirifar Parham , Trojer Jonas , Brojan Miha , Tušek Jaka
Published: May 2022

Shape memory alloys such as NiTi can be used as recyclable, nontoxic, nonflammable, and environmentally friendly solid refrigerants in elastocaloric cooling/heat-pumping. Thin wires under tension and thin- walled tubes under compression that allow for fast and efficient heat transfer are excellent candidates to be applied in elastocaloric devices and were therefore selected for this study. Multiple thermodynamic cycles were studied with an emphasis on the parameters of the holding period of the cycle (essential for heat transfer between the elastocaloric material and the heat sink/source). The results reveal that the applied thermodynamic cycle significantly affects the thermomechanical response and thus the cooling/heating efficiency of the shape memory material.
Additively Manufactured High-Performance Elastocaloric Materials with Long Fatigue Life
Authors: Hou Huilong , Simsek Emrah , Ma Tao , Johnson Nathan S. , Qian Suxin , Cissé Cheikh , Stasak Drew , Al Hasan Naila , Zhou Lin , Hwang Yunho , Radermacher Reinhard , Levitas Valery I. , Kramer Matthew J. , Asle Zaeem Mohsen , Stebner Aaron , Ott Ryan T. , Cui Jun , Takeuchi Ichiro
Published: May 2022

Elastocaloric cooling, which exploits superelastic transitions of shape memory alloys to pump heat, has recently emerged as a frontrunner in alternative cooling technologies. Despite its intrinsic high efficiency, elastocaloric materials exhibit hysteresis associated with input work, a common attribute of caloric cooling materials. In this study, the authors created a Ni-Ti-based elastocaloric material by additive manufacturing nanocomposite materials using a laser directed-energy- deposition system. The material exhibited exceptional stability and unusual operational efficiency derived from the unique and intricate nanocomposite structures made by additive manufacturing. This demonstration shows the potential for using additive manufacturing to optimize caloric cooling by providing a highly desirable topology flexibility into materials components that serve as both refrigerants and heat exchangers.
Extending the Fatigue Life of NiTiHf High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys through Partial Thermal Cycling
Authors: Demblon A. , Mabe J.H. , Karaman I.
Published: May 2022

NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) are being used in an ever-growing array of applications, specifically in the aerospace and automotive industries. One of the difficulties facing further implementation is ensuring the actuation fatigue lifetime is sufficiently long as to prevent the HTSMA components from being a limiting factor to the mean time between failures of a system. Another potential problem for widespread use is the deterioration of actuation stroke during lifetime, which can be problematic when attempting to have a high-fidelity repeatable design. One way of solving these issues is to optimize the microstructure through careful control of composition, processing, and heat treatments. Current research shows composition of large-scale productions is incredibly difficult to control, and small deviations in composition (~0.1 at.% Ni) can result in changes in transformation temperature by 50?C or more. Four NiTiHf compositions were investigated. The initial goal to simply extend the actuation fatigue lifetime and provide a stable actuation response morphed into determining material factors that influence the actuation response of partially cycled samples.
Spiral Laminal Flow Technology in a Self-Expanding Nitinol Stent: Investigation on the Manufacturing Process
Authors: Bernini M. , Lucchetti A. , Dunlop C. , Hellmuth R. , Ronan W. , Vaughan T. J.
Published: May 2022

Self-expanding Nitinol stents are the preferred treatment for atherosclerotic diseases in femoral arteries. However, adverse clinical outcomes are recorded and mostly attributed to altered flow dynamics caused by the device, which can lead to in-stent restenosis in 15% to 32% of stented segments within 9 to 15 months post-intervention. Spiral laminar flow (SLF) technology consists of a helical ridge on the inner surface of the device, which recovers the natural helical blood flow downstream and reduces flow disturbance and turbulence caused by stenting, thus preventing disease progression. This study presents the manufacturing process developed to obtain the SLF technology on self-expanding Nitinol devices, either laser-cut or braided, and addresses the optimal manufacturing parameters to ensure mechanical performance (radial strength, crush load resistance) and physical characteristics (phase transition temperature, surface finishing) appropriate for endovascular applications.
Simulation of Pseudoelastic NiTi Shape Memory Alloys under Compressive Loading to Assess the Potential use in Vibration Damping in the Tool Interface
Authors: Zwinscher Yannic , Hoffmann Fabian , Horn Simon , Krieg Romina , Theiß Ralf , Dültgen Peter , Klumpen Niclas , Brecher Christian , Neus Stephan
Published: May 2022

Passive vibration isolation is a key element to achieve precise results in milling processes and to increase tool durability. Damping of vibrations near to the cutting edge is considered highly effective as well as hard to implement because of the limited damping properties of conventional materials in the available space. The use of damping elements made of NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA) represents an innovative approach. Their use is based on the ability to convert mechanical energy into thermal energy through the pseudoelastic effect, whereby the pronounced conversion hysteresis of the material provides information about the usable damping potential. Studies on the properties of pseudoelastic SMA under compressive loading are only sporadically available in comparison to tensile loading. In this paper, the stress-compression curves and the hysteresis energy of tests results are compared with the results of finite element simulations. The simulation results based on the material model used so far is a good basis for the further development of damping elements.
Epitaxial NiTi Thin Films: A 3D Puzzle
Authors: Lünser K. , Schwabe S. , Nielsch K. , Fähler S.
Published: May 2022

NiTi films are widely used in micro applications due to their shape memory and superelasticity properties. When customizing the material for a specific miniature device, it is vital to understand the underlying martensitic microstructure, how it forms, and how it affects the shape memory effect. Up to now, most research on the martensitic microstructure in NiTi concentrates on NiTi bulk, but results derived from bulk materials are not always applicable for films as well. Even though polycrystalline NiTi films are widely available, these films contain grain boundaries, which hamper or even inhibit a scale bridging analysis of the martensitic microstructure. Therefore, the martensitic microstructure in NiTi films and its formation remains mostly unexplored. To improve NiTi for applications in miniature devices, it is thus helpful to study films without grain boundaries as model systems. In this study, the authors analyze single crystalline NiTi films grown by DC magnetron sputter deposition. These epitaxial films grow without large angle grain boundaries and make it possible to analyze the martensitic microstructure over several length scales. The work analyzed the martensitic microstructure and its nucleation with microscopy and X-ray methods and compared these measurements with orientation relationships calculated with the phenomenological theory of martensite. The results are the starting point to understand the formation of a hierarchical martensitic microstructure of NiTi in three dimensions.
An Elastocaloric Air Cooler with Low-Force Bending Actuation
Authors: Li Xueshi , Sun Qingping
Published: May 2022

Elastocaloric cooling has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional vapor-compression refrigeration. Attempts to develop elastocaloric devices have been made in recent years, with substantial achievements in realizing large temperature span and high coefficient of performance (COP). Moreover, miniaturization of these devices will be highly beneficial in commercializing the elastocaloric cooling. In this work, the authors report a bending approach to induce the phase transformation of NiTi sheet with advantages of low force actuation and high temperature change, while performances of elastocaloric air cooler based on the bending mode are demonstrated and analyzed.
Features of Deformation of Thin Superelastic TiNi Wire
Authors: Marchenko E.S. , Baigonakova G.A. , Gunther S.V. , Mamazakirov O.
Published: May 2022

TiNi-based wire is widely used in the manufacture of surgical implants and designs due to its biocompatibility and ability to undergo viscoelastic deformation with tissues, withstanding millions of deformation cycles without destruction. TiNi is a self-passivating material, as it forms a complex surface oxide layer that protects the material from corrosion and is itself biocompatible. The functional properties of TiNi wire are determined by the structure, composition, and thickness. The purpose of this work is to study the deformation behavior of thin TiNi wires depending on the thickness. TiNi wires of different thicknesses (40, 60, 90 µm) were tested by uniaxial tension to rupture and in the load-unload cycle (5 cycles). The results found that All TiNi wires exhibit the effect of superelasticity at a relative strain of 5-7%. With an increase in the wire thickness from 40 to 90 µm, the values of the martensitic shear stress increase from 450 to 1200 MPa and the tensile strength increases from 1300 to 3150 MPa.
ASTM F2129 Cyclic-Potentiodynamic Polarization Testing of Nitinol Stents Indicated for Use in the GI Tract
Authors: Walak Steven , Budiansky Noah
Published: May 2022

Nitinol self-expanding stents are used to treat disease in all areas of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Chemistry along the GI tract changes both spatially and temporally with pH ranging from 1.2 in the stomach to 8.5 in the common bile duct. A variety of secretions add ions, digestive enzymes, and proteins to the environment along the GI tract. Establishing absolute acceptance criteria for corrosion resistance of metallic implants presents a unique challenge in this constantly changing environment. In this study, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization corrosion tests were conducted over several years at multiple labs in accordance with the requirements of ASTM F2129. Braided Nitinol wire stents with thermal oxide surface representing a range of GI tract stents with good clinical history were tested in solutions selected to simulate the target anatomy in the human gastrointestinal tract. The results suggest that acceptance criteria for devices tested in simulated vascular environments do not reflect requirements for successful devices used in the varied chemical environments of the GI tract. Breakdown voltage acceptance criterion need to consider the clinical application and in-body use environment. Inherent test variability must also be considered when demonstrating statistical equivalence to clinically successful comparator devices or fixed value specifications.
THE SIMULATION AND FEATURES OF COUNTERCURRENT FLOW IN VERTICAL CHANNELS OF CONTACT DEVICES
Authors: Kuzmenko I.M.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the work is to study the modes of motion of the phases at the interface of the film of water-air flow in the vertical channel during the countercurrent motion of the phases of the coolant. To achieve this goal, the following problems are solved: for each of the phases, the stationary Navier-Stokes equations and continuity are recorded, taking into account the direction of gravity. The obtained system of equations in the two-dimensional formulation in cylindrical coordinates with corresponding boundary conditions is solved in the package COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 5.6. In the specified package the modeling of the influence of factors on the behavior of the interface of the film water-air flow in the vertical channel during the countercurrent movement of the phases is carried out. It is concluded that the existence of concomitant flows at the interface of the phases, depending on the height of the channel and the flow of phases in the vertical channel.

As a result of the simulation, it was found that the countercurrent phases in the laminar mode in the vertical channel, the hydrodynamics at the interface of the phases differs in the height of the channel. At the inlet, at the bottom of the channel, the airflow creates a concomitant flow in the flowing film of water at the interface. Accordingly, at the top of the channel, at the inlet, the film of water creates a concomitant flow in the flow of wind, moving countercurrent. And in the canal itself, there is an area where the movement of water and air flows has no concomitant flows.

That is, as a result of simulation it was found that the countercurrent phases in the laminar mode in the vertical channel, the hydrodynamics at the phase boundary differs, depending on the zone at the height of the channel and three such zones.

Factors that affect the size of the above three zones are the height of the channel, flow rate, or speed of each of the phases. In particular, at the inlet of the water film into the channel with a speed  = 0,3…1,1 m/s and a thickness of 0.25 mm (= 60… 210), the calculated value of the thickness of the concomitant airflow is (0.4 .. 1.6) 103 m and is directly proportional to the speed of the water film. Also, with a decrease in the height of the canal three times, from 0.150 to 0.050 m, the existence of three zones in the canal is maintained, but the height of the zone without concomitant flow decreases in direct proportion by one order - from 0.137 m to 0.0113 m.

The establishment of co-directed flows at the phase separation boundary in the channels of film contact devices for selection of the hydrodynamic regime to increase the efficiency of heat exchange.
CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY USE IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR
Authors: Zheliezna T.A. , Bashtovyi A.I.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for Ukraine to accelerate the involvement of biofuels in the transport sector. The current state and prospects of the introduction of renewable energy in the transport sector of the European Union are analyzed. It is shown that the fulfillment of the ambitious goal of the European Green Deal to achieve climate neutrality in Europe by 2050 largely depends on the success of reducing carbon dioxide emissions on transport. This sector is the most difficult to decarbonize compared to others, so the European Green Deal pays special attention to it. In Ukraine, the situation is similar: the introduction of renewable energy is the slowest in the field of transport compared to the sectors of electricity and heat production. In order to effectively attract renewable energy sources to the transport sector, it is recommended to pursue a consistent policy of stimulating this sector, taking into account the example of the EU and individual member states. For example, Sweden has already achieved about 30% of renewable energy consumption on transport, which is the highest index in the EU. The main mechanisms that have contributed to this are the long-established energy and carbon taxes on fossil fuels. Taking into consideration the sustainability requirements for biofuels of the RED II Directive, which may become mandatory in Ukraine in the future, it makes sense today to explore the possibilities and introduce support for the production of second-generation biofuels in Ukraine.
ROLE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GLOBAL SCENARIO TO ACHIEVE ZERO GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY 2050
Authors: Zheliezna T.A.
Published: May 2022

The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for Ukraine to meet the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2060. The global scenario of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 developed by the International Energy Agency is presented; the role of renewable energy sources in the implementation of the scenario is considered. According to this scenario, two thirds of the world’s total primary energy supply in 2050 will be provided by wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and hydropower. Electricity will account for almost half of the total energy consumption in 2050, play a key role in all sectors, and make a significant contribution to the production of low-carbon fuels, including hydrogen. At the same time, about 90% of electricity in 2050 will come from renewable energy sources. Recommendations have been developed for Ukraine on the development of the use of renewable energy sources and the fulfillment of the goal to achieve climate neutrality by 2060. In particular, it is recommended to approve as soon as possible an Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan for 2021-2030, which is in line with European approaches to an interrelated view of energy and climate. It is also recommended to fully implement the tasks related to the implementation of strategic goals in the energy sector defined in the National Economic Strategy until 2030. Such actions guarantee effective decarbonization of Ukraine’s energy sector and make a significant contribution to achieving climate neutrality by 2060.
Obtaining Carbon Sorbent from “Euromet” LLP Coke Breeze
Authors:   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Muldakhmetov Z.M. , Ordabaeva A.T. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Meiramov M.G. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Gazaliev A.M. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Shaikenova Zh.S. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Mukusheva G.K. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Zhivotova T.S. ,   Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of a physicochemical analysis of a coke sample from “Euromet” LLP (Kara-ganda, Kazakhstan), which is carbonaceous material with high carbon content, the absence of volatiles matter and low ash content. Carbon sorbents were obtained from low-value fractions of carbonized materials of the Karaganda region coke production by the steam-gas activation. An important advantage of using screenings (coke breeze class 0–10 mm, which was crushed and fractionated to a particle size of 2–5 mm.) is the exclu-sion of the energy-intensive carbonization stage from the technological process, which releases a large amount of environmentally harmful substances (phenols, cresols, gaseous emissions etc.). The optimal condi-tions for obtaining a sorbent from low-value coke breeze are a temperature of 850 °C and an activation time of 2 hours. The physicochemical properties (ash content, bulk density, sorption capacity for iodine and meth-ylene blue, total pore volume for water) of carbon sorbents were determined.
A GESTÃO DE RISCOS E A SUA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Paulus Lauri , Schmidt Douglas , Salla Neusa Maria Gonçalves
Published: May 2022

O objetivo da pesquisa é verificar como está a implementação da gestão de riscos nas instituições de educação tecnológicas do sul do país, utilizando-se da legislação sobre o assunto e dos dados coletados nos seus sites. Quanto à natureza, trata-se de uma pesquisa básica e quanto aos objetivos, exploratória. No que se refere aos procedimentos, utiliza-se da revisão da bibliografia, pesquisa documental e observação. A abordagem da pesquisa dá-se de modo qualitativo e a coleta de dados é por meio da observação e coleta de documentos dos sítios eletrônicos. Quanto às limitações da pesquisa, têm-se a subjetividade, o risco do juízo de valor e a limitabilidade da fonte de dados. Verificou-se que as instituições ainda estão imaturas quanto ao tema, pois carecem de ações efetivas, com mapeamento e tratamento adequado, além da falta de integração com o planejamento estratégico.
Propane (HC – 290) as an Alternative Refrigerant in the Food Transport Refrigeration Sector in Southern Africa – a Review
Authors: Kivevele Thomas
Published: May 2022

Most of the food transport trucks in Sothern Africa are equipped with refrigeration and air conditioning systems filled with fluorocarbon refrigerants such as R404A to facilitate the heat transfer process. These refrigerants are synthetic chemicals and have high potential to cause global warming and damage to the ozone layer. Currently, natural refrigerants are considered as alternatives to these man-made refrigerants to mitigate some of the environmental risks. The natural refrigerants are the substances that occur in nature such as hydrocarbons (HC), ammonia, and carbon dioxide. These type of refrigerants have been in the market for many years, but in some applications such as domestic refrigerators, heat pumps, chillers, and air conditioners, whereas fluorocarbons are the mostly used in the food transport refrigeration systems. Natural refrigerants such as propane (HC – 290) are now penetrating the market in food transport refrigeration systems where previously fluorocarbons were the favoured option. Therefore, this work reports the possibilities of using non-fluorinated hydrocarbon/natural refrigerant (propane – R290) in the food transport refrigerated systems in Southern Africa; a case study of South Africa. R290 has the potential to lower greenhouse gases emissions compared to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which are widely used in most of the existing food transport refrigeration systems in South Africa. R290 has negligible Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 3 which is well below the global threshold value of 150. The review revealed that refrigeration capacity of R290 is in the average of 10 – 30% higher than commonly used fluorocarbon refrigerants such as R404A and R134A. Since R290 is labeled as a flammable refrigerant, the present study also reviews its flammability safety measures.
Experimental Investigation of Cooling Performance in Automotive Radiator using Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 Nanofluids
Authors: Ramadhan Anwar Ilmar , Azmi Wan Hamzah , Mamat Rizalman , Diniardi Ery , Hendrawati Tri Yuni
Published: May 2022

The use of nanoparticle coolant fluid in the car radiator increases the rate of heat transfer and facilitates the reduction of the overall radiator size. In this study, heat transfer characteristics of tri-hybrid nanofluids-based water/EG (60:40) were analyzed experimental and compared with water/EG (60:40). Four different nanofluids concentrations were prepared by adding 0.05 to 0.3 vol.% of tri-hybrid nanofluids dispersed a mixture of water/ethylene glycol (60:40). Experiments were carried out by varying the flow rate of coolant between 2 to 12 LPM for working temperature of 70 °C, the velocity of airflow remained at an average of 4 m/s, to understand the effect of coolant flow rate on heat transfer. The results showed that the thermal performance of tri-hybrid nanofluids in a water/EG (60:40) mixture has been investigated for volume concentrations of up to 0.3% and working temperature of 70 °C. The maximum enhancement of heat transfer coefficient for air side is observed up to 23.8% at 0.05% volume concentration meanwhile for coolant side is observed at 39.7% at 0.3% volume concentration. The pressure drop and pumping power have the same pattern which increasing in volume concentrations.
New species of Empis (s. str.) (Diptera: Empididae) from the Northwest Caucasus
Authors: Kustov S.Yu. , Shamshev I.V.
Published: May 2022

Four new species of the genus Empis belonging to the nominative subgenus are described from the Northwest Caucasus: E. (E.) arkhyziensis sp. nov. (Russia: Karachay-Cherkessia), E. (E.) cherkessica sp. nov. (Russia: Karachay-Cherkessia), E. (E.) temryukiensis sp. nov. (Russia: Krasnodarskiy Territory), and E. (E.) xanthopoda sp. nov. (Russia: Krasnodarskiy Territory). Empis (E.) albopilosa de Meijere, 1935 is recorded from the Caucasus for the first time.
A new Palaearctic species of the genus Syndipnus Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ctenopelmatinae)
Authors: Kasparyan D.R.
Published: May 2022

A new species of ichneumon-flies, Syndipnus saotis sp. n. of the tribe Euryproctini, is described from the Subarctic zone of Europe and Siberia.
Two new species of Eulophinae from Ethiopia and Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Yefremova Z.A.
Published: May 2022

Two new species of Eulophidae are described and illustrated, Euplectromorpha emeljanovi sp. n. from Ethiopia and Hoplocrepis mexicana sp. n. from Mexico.
A new species of the genus Meromyza Meigen from Kashmir, India (Diptera: Chloropidae)
Authors: Nartshuk E.P.
Published: May 2022

Meromyza hugoanderssoni sp. n. is described from Kashmir, India. The new species belongs to the pratorum species group.
Two new species of Duolandrevus from Sumatra (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: May 2022

Two new species of the genus Duolandrevus Kirby (with unclear subgeneric position) from Sumatra are characterized by the structure of the male tegmina, male anal plate, and the male genitalia.
New and little-known Cachoplistinae and Phaloriinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: May 2022

A total of 13 Indo-Malayan and Afrotropical species belonging to six genera from four tribes of the subfamilies Cachoplistinae and Phaloriinae are considered. A new tribe, two new genera, two new subgenera, eight new species, and a new subspecies are described. Some other taxa are characterized (including revisions of type material, information about systematic position, and new data on distribution). Two names are restored: Cacoplistes indicus (Chop.), sp. dist. and Meloimorpha albicornis (Walk.), sp. dist. Two names are lowered in rank: M. japonica yunnanensis (Yin), stat. n. and Vescelia pieli ryukyuensis (Oshiro), stat. n. et comb. n.
Status and prospects of deep wastewater discharge at fields of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Authors: Beshentsev V. A. , Gulyaeva Yu. V.
Published: May 2022

As the title implies the article considers groundwater, which is contained in the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian hydrogeological complex. This complex plays an important role in oil and gas field development in Yamalo-Nenets oil and gas producing region. The text gives valuable information on a description of the complex in the regional plan, its lithological characteristics, hydrogeological parameters, water analysis, geotemperature component and environmental aspects. The studied groundwater is used for technical purposes for the flooding system, and the complex itself is a collector for burial of wastewater into the subsoil. The conducted studies on the territory of the region prove the prospects of using water for the flooding system. Moreover, aquifer is widely used for wastewater disposal. That is why it is necessary to rationally use the underground storage in order to avoid the penetration of pollutants into groundwater.
Characteristics of the state and directions of development of methodological support for the study of textural heterogeneous rocks according to well logging data
Authors: Mamyashev V. G. , Brjuhanova E. V.
Published: May 2022

Heterogeneous rocks are among the most difficult objects to study reservoir properties. In order to study in detail the methods of research and model such reservoirs, a charac-teristic of the state was reduced and an analysis was carried out the methodological support for the study of textural heterogeneous rocks according to well logging data. In this article, both funda-widespread among specialists are considered. After analyzing the existing approaches to the study and modeling of textured heterogeneous rocks, based on geological classifications, in particular the works of L. N. Botvinkina, we have instilled in the type of work the classification of such rocks by heterogeneity. In addition, in most cases textural heterogeneity is considered as the form of true layering, objects at the moment are studying by layered rocks, rocks can haven't only oblique, wavy, complex texture, etc. Therefore, the classification approach to the study and modeling of ob-jects, the allocation of such rocks to structure will allow exploring textural heterogeneous rocks.
Determination of lower break-out of the boom on wells equipped plunger pump
Authors: Galeev A. S. , Bikbulatova G. I. , Sabanov S. L. , Boltneva Yu. A. , Shipilova O. A.
Published: May 2022

Development of fields at a late or final stage of exploitation of the Ural-Volga region is carried out mainly with the use of downhole sucker rod pumping units. The most typical failures for these installations are rods breaks and breaks and pump valve malfunctions. Methods for eliminating these accidents vary significantly: a break or a breakaway of the rods involves lifting the downhole equipment, and the "sticking" of the shut-off element of the pump valve assembly is eliminated by the "resuscitation" of the downhole equipment (flushing with water, hot oil or solvent). An error in recognizing a malfunction leads to incorrect planning of work to restore the operability of downhole equipment, and, as a result, to economic losses.The cause of the downhole equipment malfunctions of the sucker rod pumping units is usually determined by analyzing the dynamogram. However, in many cases dynamometer charts don't distinguish between the bottom flap of the rods and the failure of the sucker rod pump valves. In the article, a method of prompt determination of rod breakage and breakaway in a well is considered, which consists in creating an electrical circuit "rod string - tubing string" and monitoring its integrity. To determine the type of malfunction, the synchronization unit via the electromagnetic channel measures the resistance of the system on the dielectric insert. In case of break-off of rods, the electrical resistance of the "tubing-pump-rod string" circuit will be much higher (more than 2 ohms) than in the absence of this failure (0...2 ohms).
Mourning at New Year’s Day (Nowruz)
Authors: Loeffler Reinhold L. , Friedl Erika
Published: May 2022

As Persian Muslims, Iranians observe Old Persian rituals in the solar calendar, such as the spring equinox, as well as Islamic rituals in the lunar calendar, such as mourning the martyr’s death of Imam Huseyn. In 2006, the dates coincided, causing distress as people tried to combine the demands of a joyful, life-affirming tradition with that of a religious ideology that allowed no compromise. Living in a tribal village at that time, we recorded people’s reactions and their solutions to the problem of doing right by both the demands of their tradition and those of a government-enforced ideology of martyrdom that moved the affair from the cultural and practical plane to the political and ideological plane.
From Multifaceted Resistance to Multidimensional Identities
Authors: Oppenhaim-Shachar Sigal , Hisherik Michal
Published: May 2022

This article is the product of a study, conducted over one academic year, that followed ultra-Orthodox women students working toward Bachelor’s degrees at a secular teacher training college with the goal of getting accredited to work at Education Ministry-supervised schools and thereby improving their employment prospects. It finds that a process that began as technical and instrumental emerged as one that, under certain conditions, could affect all of a student’s various identities. During the learning process, students faced contradictions between the realities conveyed to them in an unfamiliar academic language and their experiences in the ultra-Orthodox world. The clash produced a multifaceted resistance that testified to the degree of access the women had to power, support, and resources, and that in certain instances helped to forge multifaceted identities.