bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-modal sensor fusion towards three-dimensional airborne sonar imaging in hydrodynamic conditions
Authors: Fitzpatrick Aidan , Mathews Roshan P. , Singhvi Ajay , Arbabian Amin
Published: April 2023

Analogous to how aerial imagery of above-ground environments transformed our understanding of the earth’s landscapes, remote underwater imaging systems could provide us with a dramatically expanded view of the ocean. However, maintaining high-fidelity imaging in the presence of ocean surface waves is a fundamental bottleneck in the real-world deployment of these airborne underwater imaging systems. In this work, we introduce a sensor fusion framework which couples multi-physics airborne sonar imaging with a water surface imager. Accurately mapping the water surface allows us to provide complementary multi-modal inputs to a custom image reconstruction algorithm, which counteracts the otherwise detrimental effects of a hydrodynamic water surface. Using this methodology, we experimentally demonstrate three-dimensional imaging of an underwater target in hydrodynamic conditions through a lab-based proof-of-concept, which marks an important milestone in the development of robust, remote underwater sensing systems.
Economical synthesis of functional aromatic polythioamides from KOH-assisted multicomponent polymerizations of sulfur, aromatic diamines and dialdehydes
Authors: Hu Yang , Zhang Lihui , Wang Zhuang , Hu Rongrong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: April 2023

A series of aromatic polythioamides with high gold extraction efficiency and high refractive index have been synthesized through the KOH-assisted multicomponent polymerization of elemental sulfur, aromatic diamines and aromatic dialdehydes.
Applicability of perturbed matrix method for charge transfer studies at bio/metallic interfaces: a case of azurin
Authors: Kontkanen Outi Vilhelmiina , Biriukov Denys , Futera Zdenek
Published: April 2023

Reorganization free energy for redox protein oxidation efficiently calculated by PMM approach on bio/metallic interfaces.
The primary photolysis of aqueous carbonate di-anions
Authors: Thøgersen Jan , Weidner Tobias , Jensen Frank
Published: April 2023

We study the primary photolysis dynamics of aqueous carbonate, CO32−(aq), and hydrogen carbonate, HCO3−(aq), when they are excited at λ = 200 nm.
A cavity formation energy formula for hard spheres in simple electrolyte solutions
Authors: Xiao Tiejun , Zhou Yun
Published: April 2023

Cavity formation energy μcav and surface tension γ of an electrolyte are evaluated analytically using the integral equation theory.
Contrasting luminescence in heparin and DNA-templated co-assemblies of dimeric cyanostilbenes: efficient energy transfer in heparin-based co-assemblies
Authors: Maity Dhananjoy , Bhaumik Shubhra Kanti , Banerjee Supratim
Published: April 2023

Dimeric cyanostilbenes exhibit contrasting fluorescence responses towards heparin (emission enhancement) and DNA (emission quenching). Furthermore, efficient light-harvesting systems were fabricated by exploiting the heparin-based co-assemblies.
The global minimum of Ag30: a prolate spheroidal structure predicted using a genetic algorithm with incomplete local optimizations at the DFT level
Authors: Liu Wen , Huang Lulu , Meng Lei , Hu Jin , Xing Xiaopeng
Published: April 2023

A genetic algorithm with incomplete local optimizations at the DFT level performs efficiently in locating clusters’ global minimum points. The determined global minimum of Ag30is a prolate spheroidal structure, which has a large HOMO–LUMO gap.
Depositing ALD-oxides on MLD-metalcones: enhancing initial growth through O2 plasma densification
Authors: Santo Domingo Peñaranda Juan , Minjauw Matthias M. , Vandenbroucke Sofie S. T. , Petit Robin , Li Jin , Dendooven Jolien , Detavernier Christophe
Published: April 2023

The world of flexible devices has brought the interest to combine ALD and MLD films. However, direct ALD on MLD can suffer from stability/growth issues. Utilising O2 plasma, their compatibility can be enhanced, providing a more effective stacking.
Exploring the influence of pH on the structural intricacies of uranium oxide hydrates containing both Cd(ii) and K(i) ions
Authors: Ablott Timothy A. , Lu Kimbal T. , Wei Tao , Zhang Yingjie
Published: April 2023

Two new dual-cation uranium oxide hydrate materials, with both Cd2+ and K+ ions, were synthesised and characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and a range of other structural and spectroscopic techniques.
3D-QSAR studies on the structure–bitterness analysis of citrus flavonoids
Authors: Chen Lufang , Lin Yanling , Yan Xing , Ni Hui , Chen Feng , He Fan
Published: April 2023

Despite their important bioactivities, the unpleasant bitter taste of citrus derived flavonoids limits their applications in the food industry, and the structure–bitterness relationship of flavonoids is still far from clear.
Highly effective synthesis of biomass-derived furanic diethers over a sulfonated zirconium–carbon coordination catalyst in alcohol systems
Authors: Shen Xinming , Zheng Jingyi , Hu Lei , Gu Qinyin , Li Jiacheng , Chen Keru , Jiang Yetao , Wang Xiaoyu , Wu Zhen , Song Jinliang
Published: April 2023

A sulfonated zirconium–carbon coordination catalyst (Zr-GC-SO3H-1.0), containing Zr4+–O2−pairs and –SO3H groups, showed excellent catalytic activity, stability and universality for the synthesis of various biomass-derived furanic diethers.
Visible light-initiated manganese-catalyzed hydrosulfonylation of alkenes
Authors: Li Chun-Min , Dong Xin-Xin , Wang Zhe , Zhang Bo
Published: April 2023

A visible light-initiated manganese-catalyzed radical hydrosulfonylation of a wide range of structurally diverse alkenes using commercially available and relatively cheap sulfonyl chlorides as sulfonyl radical sources is described.
Regio- and stereo-selective amination of fatty acids tod-amino acids by a three-step one-pot cascade
Authors: Yu Xing , Chen Xin-Yi , Yu Hui-Lei , Xu Jian-He , Zhang Zhi-Jun
Published: April 2023

A novel multienzyme cascade was designed for the regio- and stereo-selective amination of renewable fatty acids to value-addedd-amino acids.
Microfluidic viscometer by acoustic streaming transducers
Authors: Jiang Ruoyu , Yoo Paul , Sudarshana Abhinand M. , Pelegri-O'Day Emma , Chhabra Sandeep , Mock Marissa , Lee Abraham P.
Published: April 2023

We introduce μVAST, a high-throughput acoustic microstreaming platform using second-order microstreaming to induce fluid transport and measure the viscosity of 16 samples, automating process flows in drug development, materials manufacturing and production.
Fe@g-C3N4: an effective photocatalyst for Baeyer–Villiger oxidation under visible light condition
Authors: Maru Bharat A. , Bhatt Gaurang J. , Lad Urvi , Deota Pradeep T. , Kane Sanjeev , Goutam U. K. , Modi Chetan K.
Published: April 2023

We fabricated peculiar, highly cogent Fe@g-C3N4 catalysts. Under visible light conditions, Fe@g-C3N4 (1 : 1) catalyst achieved 100% cyclohexanone conversion with 99.85% 2-oxepanone selectivity in the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation reaction.
Tuning innate immune function using microneedles containing multiple classes of toll-like receptor agonists
Authors: Edwards Camilla , Oakes Robert S. , Jewell Christopher M.
Published: April 2023

Microneedle Arrays (MNAs) can be tunably and electrostatically coated with combinations of adjuvants. Upon treatment, these needles elicit tunable immune cell responses.
Interfacial thermal resonance in an SiC–SiC nanogap with various atomic surface terminations
Authors: Li Xiangrui , Chen Wentao , Nagayama Gyoko
Published: April 2023

Phonon heat transfer across an SiC–SiC nanogap.
Erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged DNA-functionalized upconversion nanoparticles for tumor-targeted chemotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Kou Qinjie , Huang Yufen , Su Yanrong , Lu Lu , Li Xisheng , Jiang Haiye , Huang Rong , Li Jian , Nie Xinmin
Published: April 2023

We report the new biomimetic nanoparticles, which is the synergistic combination of immunogenic cell death inducer and immunoadjuvant, proving to be the unique strategy to successfully induce an immune response and boost the anticancer response.
A highly adaptive real-time water wave sensing array for marine applications
Authors: Liu Hanyun , Xiao Yu , Xu Yun , Zhang Shaochun , Qu Changming , Zhang Yuanlong
Published: April 2023

A thin-film cross-vertical double-layer electrode array is uniquely proposed, and this flexible sensor device can be combined with signal processing links and display terminals to form a complete usable maritime sensing system.
Recent developments in catalyst systems for selective oligomerization and polymerization of higher α-olefins
Authors: Patel Nikunj , Valodkar Vaibhav , Tembe Gopal
Published: April 2023

A comprehensive review of the recent developments on the use of various homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for the dimerization, oligomerization and polymerization of higher alpha olefins.
Controlled polymerization and side reaction mechanism of bio-sourced pentanediamine-derived semi-aromatic copolyamides
Authors: Yang Kejian , Liu Yanlin , Zheng Zhikun , Tang Zhaobin , Chen Xudong
Published: April 2023

Based on new findings, the mechanism underlying the difficulty in increasing the molecular weight of pentanediamine-based PA was revealed.
Stable seawater oxidation with a self-healing oxygen-evolving catalyst
Authors: Zhang Xiaojian , Feng Chao , Fan Zeyu , Zhang Beibei , Xiao Yequan , Mavrič Andraž , Pastukhova Nadiia , Valant Matjaz , Han Yi-Fan , Li Yanbo
Published: April 2023

Stable seawater oxidation at a large current density of 500 mA cm−2 for 1000 h is achieved with a self-healing borate-intercalated nickel–cobalt–iron oxyhydroxide (NiCoFe-Bi) catalyst in highly alkaline artificial seawater at pH 14.95.
Crystallization behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in NMP/DMF solvents: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Park Anseong , Jung Je-Yeon , Kim Seungtae , Kim WooJin , Seo Min Young , Kim Sangdeok , Kim YongJoo , Lee Won Bo
Published: April 2023

In this study, the crystallization behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in NMP/DMF solvent at 9 to 67 weight percent (wt%) was analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.
Crystal structure and optical characterization of a new hybrid compound, C6H9N2FeCl4, with large dielectric constants for field-effect transistors
Authors: Ghoudi A. , Ben Brahim Kh. , Ghalla H. , Lhoste J. , Auguste S. , Khirouni K. , Aydi A. , Oueslati A.
Published: April 2023

Due to remarkable dielectric features, such as a large dielectric constant, strong electrical conductivity, high capacitance, and low dielectric loss, hybrid materials have lately seen a huge number of applications in the field of optoelectronics.
Picolylamine–Ni(ii) complex attached on 1,3,5-triazine-immobilized silica-coated Fe3O4core/shell magnetic nanoparticles as an environmentally friendly and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of substituted pyridine derivatives
Authors: Rezayati Sobhan , Kalantari Fatemeh , Ramazani Ali
Published: April 2023

A novel and recyclable core–shell magnetic NiII-picolylamine/TCT/APTES@SiO2@Fe3O4with high specific area was introduced for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives.
Delayed luminescence guided enhanced circularly polarized emission in atomically precise copper nanoclusters
Authors: Dutta Camelia , Maniappan Sonia , Kumar Jatish
Published: April 2023

Chiral copper clusters displaying good luminescence and extended lifetimes were synthesised. Enantiomerically pure clusters capped usingl- andd-isomers of the ligand displayed mirror image circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence.
Unveiling the impact of oxidation-driven endogenous protein interactions on the dynamics of amyloid-β aggregation and toxicity
Authors: Du Zhi , Nam Eunju , Lin Yuxi , Hong Mannkyu , Molnár Tamás , Kondo Ikufumi , Ishimori Koichiro , Baik Mu-Hyun , Lee Young-Ho , Lim Mi Hee
Published: April 2023

We illuminate that cytochromec(Cytc) directly interacts with amyloid-β (Aβ) and alters Aβ amyloidogenesis in a peroxide-dependent manner, which demonstrates its new role towards the amyloid pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allenylic alkylation: construction of multiple chiral thiochromanone derivatives
Authors: Liu Li-Xia , Bai Yu-Qing , Li Xiang , Yu Chang-Bin , Zhou Yong-Gui
Published: April 2023

The development of a new strategy for the construction of chiral cyclic sulfide-containing multiple stereogenic centers is highly desirable.
Quantum chain amplification in nanocrystalline Dewar benzenes by intramolecular sensitization
Authors: Rivera Edris , Paul Indrajit , Fajardo Javier , Garcia-Garibay Miguel A.
Published: April 2023

Dewar benzene with the triplet sensitizer benzophenone improves its quantum efficiency from ΦQC ≈ 76 in concentrated acetonitrile up to ca. ΦQC ≈ 300 in the solid state by a taking advantage of an exciton-mediated energy transfer mechanism.
PMMA or PVDF films blended with β-diketonate tetrakis EuIII or TbIII complexes used as downshifting coatings of near-UV LEDs
Authors: Beltrame Ariane C. F. , Bispo-Jr Airton G. , Canisares Felipe S. M. , Fernandes Ricardo V. , Laureto Edson , Lima Sergio A. M. , Pires Ana M.
Published: April 2023

Luminescent LnIII complexes incorporated in polymeric films exhibit narrow emission bands and absorption within the near-UV/blue spectral range, and enhanced phostability, which qualify them to be explored for solid-state lighting.
A conformal van der Waals graphene coating enabled high-performance piezo-ionic sensor for spatial, gesture, and object recognition
Authors: Li Ziqi , Balilonda Andrew , Mei Wen , Li Wenbo , Chen Wei
Published: April 2023

Highly electrically conductive (16 ohm sq−1) and conformal van der Waals graphene electrodes were synthesized on piezo-ionic materials. Such electrodes enhanced the piezo-ionic output to 90.3 mV and distinguished soft and hard objects.
A Cu-based Cu8−xGe(S, Te)6 argyrodite: its widespan cubic-phase region and ultralow lattice thermal conductivity
Authors: Tsai Yi-Fen , Stern Charlotte L. , Chen Bo-Chia , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Wu Hsin-Jay
Published: April 2023

This work discloses a newly-discovered Cu8−xGe(S, Te)6 argyrodite stabilizing in a high-symmetry cubic phase in the entire low-to-mid temperature region (250–700 K).
Multifunctional theranostic carbazole-based cyanine for real-time imaging of amyloid-β and therapeutic treatment of multiple pathologies in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Xueli , Xu Di , Zhang Hailong , Chan Hei-Nga , Zhan Zhonghao , Jia Shizheng , Song Qingting , Song Guoli , Li Hung-Wing , Wong Man Shing
Published: April 2023

The multifunctional theranostic cyanine SLCOOH, capable of real-time imaging of Aβ contents in vivo and targeting multiple pathological pathways or mechanisms of neurodegeneration, was unambiguously demonstrated.
Facile synthesis of hydroxypropyl chitosan-egg white hydrogel dressing with antibacterial and antioxidative activities for accelerating the healing of burn wounds
Authors: Zhao Ying , Zhao Yulan , Chu Yuguo , Chang Qiang
Published: April 2023

A facile self-healing hydrogel composed of egg white and hydroxypropyl chitosan with excellent biocompatibility as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antibacterial activities was prepared to accelerate the healing of burn wounds.
Flexible self-powered photoelectrochemical-type photodetectors based on Bi2O2S/GO composites
Authors: Yan Xinzhe , Shi Baolong , Cao Huyue , Tian Zhengshan , Dai Chaoqing , Liu Wei , Yang Qin , Wang Yueyue
Published: April 2023

Flexible Bi2O2S/GO photodetector with KOH quasi-solid electrolyte demonstrates excellent photoresponse and mechanical flexibility. It also shows outstanding, stable self-powering capabilities without an external power supply.
Parameters for Orally Feeding Neonates Who Require Noninvasive Ventilation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barnes Carolyn , Herbert Teri Lynn , Bonilha Heather S.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

Infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be orally fed while receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV), but the practice is variable and decision criteria are not well understood. This systematic review examines the evidence regarding this practice, including type and level of NIV used during NICU oral feeding, protocols, and safety of this practice.

Method:

The PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched to identify publications relevant to this review. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to ensure the appropriate inclusion of articles.

Results:

Fourteen articles were included. Seven studies (50%) were retrospective. Two were quality improvement projects, and the remaining five (35.7%) were prospective. Continuous positive airway pressure and high-flow nasal cannula were commonly used. Levels of respiratory support were variable between studies, if reported at all. Three studies (21.4%) included feeding protocols. Six studies (42.9%) identified use of feeding experts. While many studies commented that orally feeding neonates on NIV is safe, the only study to instrumentally assess swallow safety found that a significant number of neonates silently aspirated during feeding on continuous positive airway pressure.

Conclusions:

Strong data supporting practices related to orally feeding infants in the NICU who require NIV are scarce. The types and levels of NIV, and decision-making criteria, are variable across studies and preclude clinically useful conclusions. There is a pressing need for additional research pertaining to orally feeding this population so that an evidence-based standard of care can be established. Specifically, this research should elucidate the impact of different types and levels of NIV on the mechanistic properties of swallowing as defined via instrumental assessment.
Telehealth Assessments and Interventions for Individuals With Poststroke Aphasia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Teti Selina , Murray Laura L. , Orange J. B. , Page Allyson D. , Kankam Keren S.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

There are increasing demands for aphasia assessment and intervention services to be delivered remotely. The purpose of this scoping review was to address what is known about the delivery of assessments and interventions using telehealth for people with poststroke aphasia. Specifically, the review sought to (a) identify which telehealth assessment protocols have been used, (b) identify which telehealth intervention protocols have been used, and (c) describe evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of telehealth for people with poststroke aphasia.

Method:

A scoping review of the literature published in English since 2013 was conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases to identify relevant studies. A total of 869 articles were identified. Two reviewers screened records independently, finding 25 articles eligible for inclusion. Data extraction was conducted once and validated by the second reviewer.

Results:

Two of the included studies examined telehealth assessment protocols, whereas the remaining studies focused on the delivery of telehealth interventions. The results of the included studies illustrated both effectiveness and feasibility regarding telehealth for people with poststroke aphasia. However, a lack of procedural variation among the studies was found.

Conclusions:

Overall, this scoping review yielded continued support for the use of telehealth practices as an alternate mode of delivering both assessment and intervention services to people with poststroke aphasia. However, further research is needed to investigate the range of aphasia assessment and intervention protocols that can be offered via telehealth, such as assessments or interventions that use patient-reported measures or address extralinguistic cognitive abilities.
Grammaticality Judgments of Tense and Agreement by Child Speakers of African American English: Effects of Clinical Status, Surface Form, and Grammatical Structure
Authors: Vaughn Lori E. , Oetting Janna B. , McDonald Janet L.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

We examined the grammaticality judgments of tense and agreement (T/A) structures by children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD) within African American English (AAE). The children's judgments of T/A forms were also compared to their judgments of two control forms and, for some analyses, examined by surface form (i.e., overt, zero) and type of structure (i.e., BE, past tense, verbal –
s
).

Method:

The judgments were from 91 AAE-speaking kindergartners (DLD = 34; typically developing = 57), elicited using items from the Rice/Wexler Test of Early Grammatical Impairment. The data were analyzed twice, once using General American English as the reference and A′ scores and once using AAE as the reference and percentages of acceptability.

Results:

Although the groups differed using both metrics, the percentages of acceptability tied the DLD T/A deficit to judgments of the overt forms, while also revealing a general DLD weakness judging sentences that are ungrammatical in AAE. Judgments of the overt T/A forms by both groups correlated with their productions of these forms and their language test scores, and both groups showed structure-specific form preferences (“is”: overt > zero vs. verbal –
s
: overt = zero).

Conclusion:

The findings demonstrate the utility of grammaticality judgment tasks for revealing weaknesses in T/A within AAE-speaking children with DLD, while also calling for more studies using AAE as the dialect reference when designing stimuli and coding systems.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22534588
Hierarchical robust shipboard hybrid energy storage sizing with three‐layer power allocation
Authors: Luo Yingbing , Fang Sidun , Khan Irfan , Niu Tao , Liao Ruijin
Published: April 2023

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) have gradually been viewed as essential energy/power buffers to balance the generation and load sides of fully electrified ships. To resolve the balance issue of HESS under multiple power resources, that is, shipboard diesel generators and fuel cells (FCs), this study proposes a robust sizing method implemented with a power allocation strategy. The proposed method is hierarchically formulated as two sequential sub‐problems: (1) a robust programming to determine the power/energy capacities of HESS under the maximal power demand scenario and (2) a control framework to fulfil the power allocation under multiple power resources. A ship case with one diesel engine and one FC is studied to show the validity of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the integration of HESS facilitates the power supply of critical propulsion loads. Compared with no HESS, HESS integration can reduce the deviation of direct current bus voltage sag by 56% and reduce the power fluctuations of the main engine and FC by 7.3% and 55.9%, respectively.
Grid‐aware provision and activation of fast and slow power flexibilities from distributed resources in low and medium voltage grids
Authors: Majumdar Ankur , Alizadeh‐Mousavi Omid
Published: April 2023

The intermittencies of renewable generations give rise to situations, which require both slow‐ and fast‐ramping flexibility capability from a variety of resources connected at the medium voltage (MV) andlow voltage (LV) distribution grids. Moreover, this may increase the grid reinforcement costs. To defer this reinforcement, the grid needs to be operated optimally. This paper proposes—(a) such an optimal operational methodology forthe MV and LV grids; and (b) an aggregated flexibility estimation methodology separately for fast and slow services at the primary substation (transmission interface). The methodologies based on model‐based MV grids and sensitivity coefficients‐based LV grids are suitable for LV grids where an up‐to‐date, accurate model and topology are not always available. Besides, the costs and resources associated to create full LV grid model and visibility should be prevented. The approaches, here, use the synchronised and accurate measurements from grid monitoring devices located at the LV distribution grids. They have been validated on a real MV and LV networks of a Swiss distribution grid operator equipped with such devices. The results, in terms of reducing technical losses, reducing grid violation costs,and estimating flexibility capability show the efficacy of the proposed methodologies and therefore, can be easily deployed.
DLSANet: Facial expression recognition with double‐code LBP‐layer spatial‐attention network
Authors: Guo Xing , Lu Siyuan , Wang Shuihua , Lu Zhihai , Zhang Yudong
Published: April 2023

Facial expression recognition (FER) is widely used in many fields. To further improve the accuracy of FER, this paper proposes a method based on double‐code LBP‐layer spatial‐attention network (DLSANet). The backbone model for the DLSANet is an emotion network (ENet), which is modified with a double‐code LBP (DLBP) layer and a spatial attention module. The DLBP layer is at the front of the first convolutional layer. More valuable features can be extracted by inputting the image processed by DLBP into convolutional layers. The JAFFE and CK+ datasets are used, which contain seven expressions: happiness, anger, disgust, neutral, fear, sadness, and surprise. The average of fivefold cross‐validation shows that DLSANet achieves a recognition accuracy of 93.81% and 98.68% on the JAFFE and CK+ datasets. The experiment reveals that the DLSANet can produce better classification results than state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Hybrid space vector modulation for low‐order common‐mode voltage reduction in current‐source rectifier for transformerless medium voltage drives
Authors: Gao Hang
Published: April 2023

For transformerless current‐fed medium voltage drives, low‐order harmonics of common‐mode voltages (CMVs) are more concerned with than peak values. To mitigate low‐order harmonics, the average values of CMVs should be suppressed. A hybrid space vector modulation (SVM) is proposed in this study to further reduce CMV average values generated by a current‐source rectifier (CSR) compared to existing zero‐state vector selection modulation. The proposed SVM is a combination of zero‐state vector selection and active zero‐state modulations. The transition points between two modulations are defined based on various modulating index. Power losses and efficiency of the proposed hybrid SVM are analysed in detail. Simulation on a medium‐voltage CSR (1 MW/4160 V/139 A) and experiments on a scale‐down CSR (2.5 kW/208 V/6.94 A) are conducted under various working conditions, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed SVM to further mitigate 180 Hz and other low‐order harmonics in CMVs in contrast to that by conventional zero‐state vector selection modulation.
Prototype‐based method for incremental radar emitter identification
Authors: Han Xiao , Chen Shiwen , Xie Min , Yang Jincheng
Published: April 2023

With the widespread use of radars, different types of radar emitters are being used in the real electromagnetic environment. Radar emitter identification (REI) is an important technique in spectrum management. Methods based on deep learning have been successful in REI. However, they are difficult to be updated with signals from newly available categories. Additionally, two issues that must be considered in a real REI task. First, signals from new unknown radar emitters may appear in the identification stage. Hence the model used in REI must have an open‐set recognition capability. Second, obtaining numerous labelled samples in time are difficult in the incremental stage of the model. Thus, it is important to keep the model performance stable under conditions of small samples. To solve these problems, a one‐dimensional neural network is designed combined with ArcFace loss in the initial training stage to reserve more embedding space for future new classes, thereby facilitating the update of the model and open‐set recognition. An unbiased cosine similarity classifier was adopted, and the historical categories were memorised by their prototypes. When a new category is added, the prototype was calculated and the classifier weights were updated. The proposed method can identify unknown classes and add them to the model when given new labels, thereby resulting in an increase of the model's identifiable types. Extensive experiments were performed. The results show that the proposed model is highly efficient and requires small sample sizes, thereby making it suitable for REI.
Radio timing constraints on the mass of the binary pulsar PSR J1528−3146
Authors: Berthereau A. , Guillemot L. , Freire P. C. C. , Kramer M. , Venkatraman Krishnan V. , Cognard I. , Theureau G. , Bailes M. , i Bernadich M. C. , Lower M. E.
Published: April 2023

Context. PSR J1528−3146 is a 60.8 ms pulsar orbiting a heavy white dwarf (WD) companion, with an orbital period of 3.18 d. The pulsar was discovered in the early 2000 s in a survey at 1.4 GHz of intermediate Galactic latitudes conducted with the Parkes radio telescope. The initial timing analysis of PSR J1528−3146, using data recorded from 2001 and 2004, did not reveal any relativistic perturbations to the orbit of the pulsar or to the propagation of its pulses. However, with an orbital eccentricity of ∼0.0002 and a large companion mass on the order of 1 M⊙, this system has been deemed likely to exhibit measurable perturbations.

Aims. This work is aimed at characterizing the pulsar’s astrometric, spin, and orbital parameters by analyzing timing measurements conducted at the Parkes, MeerKAT, and Nançay radio telescopes over nearly two decades. The measurement of post-Keplerian perturbations to the pulsar’s orbit can be used to constrain the masses of the two component stars of the binary and, in turn, to offer insights into the history of the system.

Methods. We analyzed timing data from the Parkes, MeerKAT, and Nançay radio telescopes collected over about 16 yr, obtaining a precise rotation ephemeris for PSR J1528−3146. A Bayesian analysis of the timing data was carried out to constrain the masses of the two components and the orientation of the orbit. We further analyzed the polarization properties of the pulsar to constrain the orientation of the magnetic axis and of the line of sight with respect to the spin axis.

Results. We measured a significant rate of advance of periastron, for the first time, and we set constraints on the Shapiro delay in the system and on the rate of change of the projected semi-major axis of the pulsar’s orbit. The Bayesian analysis yielded measurements for the pulsar and companion masses of Mp = 1.61−0.13+0.14 M⊙ and Mc = 1.33−0.07+0.08 M⊙ (68% C.L.), respectively, confirming that the companion is indeed massive. This companion mass as well as other characteristics of PSR J1528−3146 indicate that this pulsar is very similar to PSR J2222−0137, a 32.8 ms pulsar orbiting a WD whose heavy mass (∼1.32 M⊙) has been considered unique among pulsar-WD systems until now. Our measurements suggest common evolutionary scenarios for PSRs J1528−3146 and J2222−0137.
Endoscopic entero-enteral bypass to treat postsurgical benign complications of hepatico-jejunostomy: Update of a 7-year single-center experience
Authors: Mutignani Massimiliano , Forti Edoardo , Pugliese Francesco , Cintolo Marcello , Bonato Giulia , Bravo Marianna , Dioscoridi Lorenzo
Published: April 2023

Background and study aims Since 2014, we have been using a new endoscopic approach to improve management of biliary adverse events (BAEs) after bilio-digestive anastomosis. We provide an update about our experience at 7 years.

Patients and methods Patients with BAEs on hepatico-jejunostomy underwent entero-enteral endoscopic by-pass (EEEB) creation between the duodenal/gastric wall and the biliary jejunal loop. Evaluation of results during our seven-year experience was performed.

Results Eighty consecutive patients (32 patients from Jan 2014 to Dec 2017 and 48 patients from Jan 2018 to Jan 2021) underwent EEEB, which was successful in all but one patient. The cumulative AEs rate was 32 %. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) through the EEEB successfully treated all types of BAEs in these patients. Cumulative disease recurrence was 3.8 % (three patients) and was retreated through the EEEB.

Conclusions The update of our experience with EEEB confirmed that in patients with BAEs after bilio-digestive anastomosis, EEEB allows successful long-term treatment of different BAEs in a tertiary referral center with an acceptable rate of related AEs.
Spectrum and Trends of Intestinal Parasitic Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital during Pandemic Times: A Laboratory-Based Retrospective Study
Authors: Meena Suneeta , Meena Jitendra Kumar , Kumar Dinesh , Mathur Purva
Published: April 2023

Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections continue to loom in developing countries with low sanitation and socioeconomic conditions. Pandemic times are especially important to study the prevalence of these pathogens since the focus of all healthcare services was coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and time-trend of intestinal parasitic infections in the capital region of India during the pandemic times.

Methods In this cross-sectional study, a retrospective review based on data from the past 2 years in the post-COVID-19 pandemic was used. Descriptive and time-trend analyses were applied to the data. Time series analysis was analyzed using the best fit autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to look for seasonality in trends and forecasting.

Results A total of 7267 patients' stool samples over a 2-year pandemic period were included in the study. Intestinal parasites were detected in 11.18% (813/7276) patients. Giardia lamblia (2.28%) and Blastocystis hominis (3.78%) were the predominant ones. Time-trend analysis from 2020 to 2021 using ARIMA model predicted an increasing trend with waning of pandemic. The most prevalent infection was found in the monsoon and autumn months.

Conclusion Rates of infection with Giardia lamblia and Blastocystis hominis have increased in comparison to other protozoan infections like Entamoeba histolytica when compared with prepandemic hospital-based studies. With fading of the pandemic, further increasing trends are predicted.
Germany and Nord Stream 2: evolution and end of an incongruous policy
Authors: Wood Steve
Published: April 2023

The Nord Stream 2 pipeline project to deliver gas from Russia through the Baltic Sea to Germany, and on to other parts of Europe, was a subject of unrelenting contestation. It impelled the convergence and intensification of already highly politicised domains: economics, energy, environment, conventional security, history, and values. Russian authorities, Nord Stream 2 AG and its investor consortium, and supportive politicians were opposed by governments of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine, the USA, EU institutions, and some NGOs. Germany was confronted with sharp dilemmas and remains the pivotal actor in this confluence. The responsible German ministry rescinded approval to operate the pipeline 2 days before the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. The topic encourages interaction of materialist IPE with other branches of International Relations, comparative politics, history, and law to incorporate identity-based, normative, and geopolitical influences on nominally economic activity and policy.
Response of canola and cereals to amendment of subsurface soil acidity and a hardpan
Authors: Conyers Mark K. , Moroni J. Sergio , Poile Graeme J. , Oates Albert A. , Lowrie Richard , Swan Antony D. , Angus John F. , Peoples Mark B. , Hamblin Peter , Kirkegaard John A.
Published: April 2023

Context Limitations to crop yield due to subsurface (5–15 cm depth) compaction layers (>2 MPa) and subsurface acidity (pHCa <4.8) have frequently been reported on the non-sodic soils of south-eastern Australia, but amendment studies have been limited in number and inconsistent in the extent and longevity of any response. Aim We tested the hypothesis that amendment of subsurface acidity and compaction would lead to increased grain yield. Method We investigated crop response to the alleviation of these combined subsurface soil constraints by using deep ripping and dry limestone injection to 30 cm depth over 3 years in a canola–cereal sequence. Key results Deep tillage and injection of limestone into the soil both failed to produce significant grain yield responses in any year, despite the reduction of soil strength and increase in pH in subsurface layers. Early vegetative growth sometimes responded to the treatments, but the loss of stored soil water during drier than average seasons appeared to limit grain response. However, we also observed that a proportion of plant roots penetrated these relatively thin constraint layers in unamended soils. Conclusions Amelioration of subsurface acidity and compaction does not necessarily increase grain yield. Implications The effects of subsurface acidity and compaction should be tested on other species and during varying rainfall deciles. Given the potentially large resource requirements for deep amendment of soils, we propose that the selection of tolerant species and cultivars might be more effective in the short term.
The institutionalization of sign language interpreting and COVID-19 briefings in Canada
Authors: Snoddon Kristin , Wilkinson Erin
Published: April 2023

This article critically analyzes current sign language policy trends and related sign language ideologies regarding interpreter provision and the institutionalization of sign language interpreting in Canada. Particular attention is paid to issues of representation in the provision of interpreters for government emergency briefings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the provision of interpreting services for COVID-19 briefings, sign language interpreting as a profession in Canada is revealed as problematic. This is particularly true regarding the institutionalization of the profession and how existing social hierarchies and ideologies are consolidated with respect to diverse deaf people and interpreters.
Application of ultrafast heating and tempering to plate steel
Authors: Carreno-Saavedra J. I. , Ros-Yanez T. , García C. I. , Hernández-Durán E. I. , Iquilio R. A. , Castro Cerda F. M.
Published: April 2023

The microstructure and tensile properties were studied in a low-alloy steel plate treated under ultra-fast heating, quenching, and tempering. The microstructure after heat-treatments was predominantly martensite, with low fraction of bainite and ferrite. The tensile tests showed a 100 MPa improvement in strength and a doubling of the total elongation with the increase in heating rate. The tempering process considerably enhanced the ductility from 1–4% to up to 14% in the samples treated at fast heating rates..Furthermore, the work hardening capacity of ultra-fast heated steel was superior compared to steel treated under conventional quenching and tempering. The results suggest that the tempering stage after ultra-fast heat-treatments and quenching further improves the properties compared to the standard quenched and tempered condition.
Fear, class and quiescence: Activist views on the ‘sinister’ narrative during the Irish anti water charges campaign (2014–2016)
Authors: Murray Michael
Published: April 2023

This article explores the deployment of political fear by the Irish government and supporters during the Irish Anti Water Charges Campaign (2014–2016), with a focus on the use of the framing of working-class activists as ‘sinister’. Drawing on the works of John Gaventa and Fiona Jefferies, this article challenges the notion of political fear as a reflection of a wider, cultural malaise that is passively absorbed by targeted communities. Instead, this article contends that political fear was strategically aimed at creating the conditions for quiescence by framing the public discourse around the protest as a violent and dangerous spectacle. A second key argument offered challenges an increasingly common discourse that seeks to link working class activism with violent, hateful populism by demonstrating how deviance framing of protestors ensured that they were to be viewed as both the subject and object of fear, in the latter case, through threats of criminalisation.
Topical Review: Extracting molecular frame photoionization dynamics from experimental data
Authors: Hockett Paul , Makhija Varun
Published: April 2023

Methods for experimental reconstruction of molecular frame (MF) photoionization dynamics, and related properties—specifically MF photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) and continuum density matrices—are outlined and discussed. General concepts are introduced for the non-expert reader, and experimental and theoretical techniques are further outlined in some depth. Particular focus is placed on a detailed example of numerical reconstruction techniques for matrix-element retrieval from time-domain experimental measurements making use of rotational-wavepackets (i.e. aligned frame measurements)—the ‘bootstrapping to the MF’ methodology—and a matrix-inversion technique for direct MF-PAD recovery. Ongoing resources for interested researchers are also introduced, including sample data, reconstruction codes (the Photoelectron Metrology Toolkit, written in python, and associated Quantum Metrology with Photoelectrons platform/ecosystem), and literature via online repositories; it is hoped these resources will be of ongoing use to the community.
The effectiveness of D2 pellet injection in reducing intra-ELM and inter-ELM tungsten divertor erosion rates in DIII-D during the Metal Rings Campaign
Authors: Cacheris A , Abrams T , Baylor L R , Shiraki D , Unterberg E A , Donovan D C
Published: April 2023

Edge localized modes (ELMs) in H-mode plasmas erode plasma-facing components (PFCs) and lead to impurities in the core, reducing confinement. This study analyzes D2 pellet injection on the DIII-D fusion experiment used as an ELM mitigation technique applied during the 2016 tungsten Metal Rings Campaign to reduce W erosion during ELMs. The 400.9 nm photon wavelength line emission intensity of tungsten atoms (WI) filterscope channels and Langmuir probes were used to infer the gross erosion rate of tungsten-coated tiles installed in the divertor of DIII-D. D2 mass injection rates ranging from 34 to 41 arbitrary units (A.U.) and no D2 injection resulted in a similar total W erosion rate during ELMs (intra-ELM). On average, results show a 29% increase in the total gross W erosion rate with intermediate mass injection rates (∼13–23 A.U.) compared to the no pellets and the highest injection rate cases. On average, the fast D2 mass injection rate cases had 15% less erosion in the inter-ELM phase than the case with no pellets. Generally, higher D2 mass injection rates increased the ELM frequency, and the highest injection rates reduced the average erosion per ELM and fractional carbon impurities at the top of the pedestal by nearly 40% when compared to the no-pellet case. As expected, a higher D2 pellet injection rate led to a higher plasma density and lower plasma temperature in the divertor. Additionally, an increasing divertor inter-ELM plasma electron density directly correlated to more frequent pellet injection and a decrease in both the average gross intra-ELM W erosion and the total gross intra-ELM W erosion rate. Simulations of intra-ELM erosion using the ‘free-streaming plus recycling model’ (FSRM) underestimate W erosion during pellet injection by about 30% on average. The discrepancies between the experimental measurements and the FSRM intra-ELM W erosion predictions are postulated to be due to C/W material mixing. A simple analytic mixed-material model is presented and results in better agreement with the experimental data. These results highlight the importance of incorporating the effects of a mixed-material layer in the analysis of PFC erosion.
GaN-based power high-electron-mobility transistors on Si substrates: from materials to devices
Authors: Wu Nengtao , Xing Zhiheng , Li Shanjie , Luo Ling , Zeng Fanyi , Li Guoqiang
Published: April 2023

Conventional silicon (Si)-based power devices face physical limitations—such as switching speed and energy efficiency—which can make it difficult to meet the increasing demand for high-power, low-loss, and fast-switching-frequency power devices in power electronic converter systems. Gallium nitride (GaN) is an excellent candidate for next-generation power devices, capable of improving the conversion efficiency of power systems owing to its wide band gap, high mobility, and high electric breakdown field. Apart from their cost effectiveness, GaN-based power high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) on Si substrates exhibit excellent properties—such as low ON-resistance and fast switching—and are used primarily in power electronic applications in the fields of consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, and rail transit, amongst others. During the past decade, GaN-on-Si power HEMTs have made major breakthroughs in the development of GaN-based materials and device fabrication. However, the fabrication of GaN-based HEMTs on Si substrates faces various problems—for example, large lattice and thermal mismatches, as well as ‘melt-back etching’ at high temperatures between GaN and Si, and buffer/surface trapping induced leakage current and current collapse. These problems can lead to difficulties in both material growth and device fabrication. In this review, we focused on the current status and progress of GaN-on-Si power HEMTs in terms of both materials and devices. For the materials, we discuss the epitaxial growth of both a complete multilayer HEMT structure, and each functional layer of a HEMT structure on a Si substrate. For the devices, breakthroughs in critical fabrication technology and the related performances of GaN-based power HEMTs are discussed, and the latest development in GaN-based HEMTs are summarised. Based on recent progress, we speculate on the prospects for further development of GaN-based power HEMTs on Si. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of GaN-based HEMTs on Si, aiming to highlight its development in the fields of microelectronics and integrated circuit technology.
Carbon nanotubes-coated cement particles for cement-based sensors with excellent piezoresistivity
Authors: Yuan Jian , Lu Dong , Wu Huiming , Meng Jing , Song Hengxin , Zhong Jing , Xie Ning
Published: April 2023

Typically, self-sensing cement composites are prepared by directly mixing cement particles with conductive additives, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene. This study proposes a novel approach to directly coat cement particles with CNT as the conductive filler (CNT@cement) before contact with water, aiming to develop a high-performance self-sensing cement-based sensor. CNT@cement nano/micro hybrid fabrication relies on a simple and efficient method that enables the uniform absorption of CNT on the surface of cement particles without any surfactants, thereby not diminishing the workability and mechanical properties of cement composites. This cement composite exhibits improved microstructure, bending strength, and electrical conductivity. Remarkably, the formulation with the addition of 0.1 wt% CNT@cement hybrid increases the bending strength by about 23% and improves the electrical conductivity by approximately two orders of magnitude, outperforming previously reported cement composites with similar CNT content. Additionally, outstanding piezoresistivity with a fractional change in resistivity of 1.26 is achieved for our cement-based sensor. These findings represent a major step toward the practical application of CNT in structural health monitoring.