bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Keunggulan Bersaing Berkelanjutan Ekowisata Mangrove Lantebung Kota Makassar
Authors: Wulandari Sri , Nikma Haerun , Tamti Hartati
Published: February 2025

Preserving the mangrove ecosystem is very important for carrying out sustainable ecosystem management because the level of competition for eco-tourism in the mangrove ecosystem is increasing. An ecotourism can win the competition if it has a competitive advantage compared to its competitors. This idea of ​​competitive advantage comes from a resource-based perspective. We must have certain criteria so that the resource can be considered a strength or weakness. Therefore, the research method used is Mixed Method Research with the research aim of identifying Lantebung mangrove ecotourism resources, analyzing VR studies, and Lantebung mangrove ecotourism sustainability strategies. This research was conducted by placing resources and capabilities into five VRIOL categories. VRIOL is a tool for determining the nature of resources and capabilities. Meanwhile, the data collection technique is interviews and distributing questionnaires to 200 respondents using a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Furthermore, the data analysis technique used in this research is data triangulation. The research results show that VRIO analysis is used as a basis for identifying competencies possessed. To achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, these resources and capabilities must have four important attributes, namely valuable, rare, inimitable, and organized. This type of research is descriptive and qualitative research, data is collected using observation and interview methods. The research results show that there are sixteen types of resources in the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism consisting of tangible, intangible, and capability resources. Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism has strategic strengths in sixteen resources at the Sustainable Competitive Advantage level.
Hubungan Bahan Organik Total (BOT) Sedimen dengan Struktur Vegetasi Mangrove di Desa Bonto Bahari Kecamatan Bontoa Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Isman Muh , Irwan Achmad Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Mangrove forests are a distinctive type of forest found along the coast or river estuaries. This research was conducted in October 2023 on the coast of Bonto Bahari Village, Bontoa District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Data collection includes preparation of tools and materials to be used at the research site. Data collection of mangrove ecosystems using line transects along 100 meters then draw transect lines perpendicular to the shoreline. Furthermore, placing a quadrant plot measuring 10 meters x 10 meters at three observation stations and three repetitions of each station. To determine the category of mangrove conditions based on the Minister of Environment Decree No. 201 of 2004, the identification of mangrove species using mangrove introduction guidebook. The measurement of environmental conditions directly measured at the study site includes parameters of temperature, salinity, soil pH taken at each observation station, as well as taking sediment at each station for the measurement of Total Organic Matter (BOT) tested in the laboratory, BOT analysis was performed using the method of burning with high temperature (550oC) (loss on ignition) for 2 hours. Based on the results of the study found 4 types of mangroves namely Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora apiculata. Avicennia alba mangrove has the highest density value compared to other mangrove species. The substrate found at each station is medium sediment (medium sand). The results of PCA analysis showed that mangroves in the study site were influenced by salinity, temperature, and sediment pH. Mangrove density is more influenced by the total organic matter (BOT) content of sediments.
Analisis Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Perairan Tamalate Kecamatan Galesong Utara Kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Kabangnga Arnold , Islamiati Dian , Tamti Hartati
Published: February 2025

The existence of microplastics will cause the environment to be disturbed because of their microscopic size so organisms very easily swallow them. This research aims to analyze the microplastic content in sediment based on type, color, shape, size, and type of microplastic polymer. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach. Sampling was conducted using transects stretched along the coastline for 25m into the sea. Observations at each location consisted of 3 sub transects with 2 repetitions. The research results show that the forms of microplastic found in North Galesong waters are in the form of lines and fragments. A total of 2 particles are in the form of fragments and 41 are in the form of lines. Analysis of the color of the microplastics found 27 particles blue, 7 particles transparent, 8 particles red, and 1 particle green. The size of microplastics at station 1 was dominated by line shapes with sizes ranging from 0.084-0.854 mm and those in fragment form ranging from 0.222 mm, at station 2 the size of line shape microplastics ranged from 0.069-0.963 mm and fragments 0.092 mm, and at station 3 the microplastic particles were in the form of lines range from 0.063-0.693 mm. The total abundance of microplastics in North Galesong waters was 0.43 particles/gr, namely at station 1 as much as 0.11 particles/gr, station 2 as much as 0.11 particles/gr, and station 3 as much as 0.21 particles/gr. The types of polymers found at each station are polyester polymer, PAN film, isotactic polypropylene, powdered cellulose, cellulose, and cellophane.
Analisis Tingkat Kesukaan dan Daya Simpan Asinan Rumput Laut (Gracillaria sp.)
Authors: Wulandari Sri , Harianti Harianti , Andi Lawi Yeni Savitri , Suprianto Suprianto , Ningsih Nining Adia
Published: February 2025

Pickled Gracillaria sp. is a seaweed-based pickle. Seaweed is one of the seafood commodities that has many uses, economic value, and has a complete nutritional content.  Pickled Gracillaria sp. is a form of processed diversification from seaweed, so this study aims to analyze the level of liking based on organoleptic tests, and the shelf life of processed Gracillaria sp. pickles. The processing of Gracillaria sp. into pickles and analysis of shelf life testing was carried out at the CV. LARS Production House. The research method used is quantitative descriptive method, while data analysis uses ANOVA. The results of the research on the level of favorability test based on the organoleptic test showed that the level of liking based on organoleptic tests is at 200C for texture, aroma, and taste. However, the color was preferred in the processed Gracilaria sp. at 300C. It can be seen that the majority of panelists dislike the texture, aroma, color and taste at 400C. While testing the shelf life of the anova test results showed that there was no real effect and influence on the shelf life testing of pickled products.
Analisis Indeks Morfometrik Otolith asteriscus Ikan swanggi (Priacanthus tayenus Ricardson, 1846) dari Perairan Selat Makassar
Authors: Kantun Wayan , Sapa Sri Ainun , Wulandari Sri
Published: February 2025

Purple-spotted bigeye is one of the aquatic resources which in the ecosystem functions to support the trophic level system in the food web in nature. This fish is the prey of predatory fish, so one way to prove the role of purple-spotted bigeye at the trophic level is to identify the microstructural organs located on the otolith. In this regard, this study aims to analyze the morphometric index and otolith shape index of the asteriscus type. This research is a type of quantitative research with a survey method. Sampling was carried out at fish landing sites in Paotere Makassar, Maros and Macini Baji Pangkep. The fish sampled were caught in the waters of the Makassar Strait. The research was conducted from April to June 2024. The number of samples was 92 purple-spotted bigeye with 92 pairs of asteriscus otoliths. Morphometric index calculations use small, medium and large sized fish. Meanwhile, the shape index calculation uses six descriptors which include from factor (FF), roundness (RO), circularity or compactness (C), rectangle (Rt), ellipticity (E), and aspect ratio (AR). The results of the research show that morphometrically the types of otoliths on both the right and left sides are relatively the same, the asteriscus otolith has a shape that tends to be oval, elongated, but has a regular surface shape.
Analisis Nutrisi dan Daya Terima Konsumen terhadap Mie Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L) Berfortifikasi Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp
Authors: Deserlia Viva , Karim Mutemainna , Jumrawati Jumrawati
Published: February 2025

Making sweet potato noodle products with Gracilaria sp. seaweed fortification is one of the efforts to provide gluten-free products that are good for health and help the community optimize the selling value of seaweed. This study aims to determine the effect of Gracilaria sp. seaweed fortification on the nutritional value of protein content, water content, and gluten content of sweet potato flour and to determine consumer acceptance of sensory quality in sweet potato noodles (Ipomoea batatas L) fortified with Gracilaria sp. seaweed. This study was conducted in May-July 2024 at the Pangkep State Agricultural Polytechnic Biochemistry Laboratory. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The parameters tested in this study were protein content, water content, gluten content of sweet potato flour, and sensory quality, namely: appearance, aroma, texture, and taste. Data analysis of protein content, water content, and sensory quality were analyzed using ANOVA. The results of the study showed that the highest protein content of 3.86% was found in seaweed-fortified sweet potato noodles with a concentration of 10% and the lowest protein content of 3.04% was found in seaweed-fortified sweet potato noodles with a concentration of 0% and the highest water content of 13.19% was found in seaweed fortified sweet potato noodles with a concentration of 10%. The lowest value was 11.55% The conclusion is that Gracilaria sp. seaweed fortification has a significant effect on the Nutritional Value of sweet potato noodles. The sensory quality values ​​for color, aroma, and taste with a concentration of 5% are preferred by consumers.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kombinasi Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) dan Singkong (Manihot esculenta) pada Pertumbuhan dan Presentase Moulting Lobster Air Tawar (Cherax quadricarinatus)
Authors: Milda Nurlatipa , Heriansah Heriansah , Basir Buana
Published: February 2025

Freshwater lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus) is a type of crustacean that has relatively fast growth, relatively easy reproduction and handling, is omnivorous and has a morphology similar to sea lobster so that it is in demand by consumers. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of a combination of earthworms and cassava feed on the growth and number of freshwater lobster moulting. The research method used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. Treatment A = 100% earthworms, B = 100% cassava, C = 75% earthworms + 25% cassava, D = 50% earthworms + 50% cassava, D = 25% earthworms + 75% cassava. The results of the study showed that the highest average Absolute Weight Gain (PBM) was obtained in treatment B (2.33 g), followed by treatment D (1.95 g), followed by treatment A (1.85 g), followed by treatment E (1.84) and the lowest in treatment C (1.76 g). The highest average Specific Growth Rate (SGR) was obtained in treatment B feed (4.09%), followed by treatment D (3.83%), followed by treatment A (3.77%), followed by treatment C (3.69%) and the lowest in treatment E (3.60%). The highest Absolute Length Gain (PPM) was obtained in feed B (1.87 cm), followed by treatment A & E feed (1.84 cm), followed by treatment D feed (1.82 cm) and the lowest in treatment C feed (1.78 cm). Survival between consecutive treatments (A=83.33%, B=90%, C=80%, D=80%, E=83.33%). The number of moulting between consecutive treatments (A=9.33%, B=10%, C=9%, D=8.33%, E=8%). The results of the analysis of variance showed that the combination of feed had no significant effect (P>0.05) on PBM, LPS and PPM of freshwater lobsters.
Fermentasi Pakan Maggot (Hermetia illucens) untuk Sintasan dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus).
Authors: Alifia Frida , Nurwahidah Nurwahidah , Heriansah Heriansah
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the effect of fermented maggot feeding on the survival and growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an effort to increase feed efficiency in fish farming. Maggots are known as an alternative feed source rich in protein, but the fermentation process is needed to increase the digestibility and availability of nutrients. This study was conducted for six weeks at the Moncongloe Aquaculture Institute using an experimental trial method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments, namely A (maggots without fermentation as a control), B (maggots fermented with SLS), C (maggots fermented with EM4), and D (maggots fermented with Yakult), with each treatment being repeated three times. The main parameters measured included survival and absolute weight growth of tilapia. Based on the results of the study, the highest survival data was obtained in treatment B with a value of 86.7%, followed by treatments C and D which were each 83.3%, and treatment A (control) of 73.3%. Meanwhile, the absolute weight growth parameter showed the highest value in treatment B at 5.92 g, followed by treatment C at 5.79 g, treatment D at 5.58 g, and treatment A at 5.29 g. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the provision of fermented maggot feed did not have a significant effect on the survival of tilapia, but had a significant effect on its absolute weight growth. The treatment of maggot fermented with SLS (treatment B) showed superior results compared to other treatments, indicating that certain types of fermentation can increase the effectiveness of feed in supporting the growth of tilapia. Thus, this study provides scientific evidence that maggot fermentation, especially using SLS, is a potential method to improve the quality of fish feed, so that it can be applied as an innovation in the development of more efficient and sustainable fish farming
Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Maggot (Hermatia illucens) yang Difermentasi terhadap Efesiensi Pakan dan Daya Cerna pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Yaqin Nurul , Heriansah Heriansah , Nursyahran Nursyahran
Published: February 2025

Maggot is one of the local ingredients that has many benefits and many properties. Maggot is one of the feeds that is easy to make using organic waste. Fermentation is one of the applications of microbes in an effort to improve the quality of feed raw materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation materials on the efficiency of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed and to determine the effect of fermented feed on digestibility in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The method used in this study was experimental, where the experimental treatments were the types of feed and fermentation materials consisting of 4 combinations with 3 repetitions each, namely A (100% Maggot feed), B (Maggot 100 g fermented with 20 mL nano enzyme). C (Maggot 100 g multivariant fermentation 20 ml), D (Maggot 100 g fermented with 20 ml Lactobacillus). This research was conducted from May to July 2024 at the Moncongloe Maros Aquaculture Institute Laboratory. The results of the study showed that the highest feed utilization efficiency was in treatment B (SLS) with a value of 43.79%, followed by treatment D (yakult) with a value of 42.83% followed by treatment C (Em4) with a value of 42.38% and the lowest feed efficiency was in control treatment A (Maggot) of 34.46. Furthermore, maggot feed fermentation also had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the protein efficiency ratio in tilapia (Orerochromis niloticus).
Relationship of Interpregnancy Interval with Ultrasonographic Measurement of Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Scar Thickness
Authors:   Resident Surgeon, Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh. sark.nita@gmail.com, Sarker Binita , Haque Nazma ,   Professor, Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Sikdar Koushik ,   Registrar, Department of Surgery, Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh., Akter Fatema ,   Registrar, Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh., Shormin Nusrat ,   Assistant Registrar, Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogra, Bangladesh., Raushan, Afsana ,   Associate Professor, Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics. Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital.
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background: There is a rise in the caesarean section rates throughout the world due to which obstetricians see more women with caesarean section scar. As a result of this operation, late scar dehiscence may occur leading to uterine rupture in a subsequent pregnancy. Abundant works have been done regarding complication and outcome of caesarean section. However, very limited work is noticed regarding the relationship of interpregnancy interval with caesarean scar thickness.
Objective: To find out the relationship of interpregnancy interval (IPI) with ultrasonographic measurement of lower uterine segment caesarean scar thickness at 3rd trimester.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital (SSMC & MH) for a period of six months. Pregnant women of 36 to 40 weeks with history of 1 previous caesarean section were approached for inclusion in the study. Eighteen (18) months interpregnancy interval were used to categorize the study population into two groups. Group I is ≥ 18 months IPI & group II is < 18 months IPI. Written informed consent was taken from each subject and ethical issues were ensured properly. Data collection was done with an aid of a preformed questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed by the SPSS 23.
Results: Among 50 study participants, mean age was 23.53±3.65 (SD) years in group I and 23.54±3.95 (SD) in group II. Majority of study population were well-nourished (62.20% in group I and 56.43% in group II). About 64% of patients’ IPI was ≥ 18 months (group I) and 36% patients’ IPI was < 18 months (group II). In group II, majority patients (88.90%) scar thickness was <2.5 mm and in group I only 6.20% patients’ scar thickness was <2.5 mm. Scar tenderness was also associated with IPI where most of the patients of group II were observed to be present with scar tenderness.
Conclusion: Short interpregnancy interval is proportionately associated with scar thickness in our settings. However, further study with larger sample size is recommended.
Incoterms in International Trade Law
Authors: Ekram Yawar Mohammad , Amani Anwarulhaq
Published: February 2025

Post-World War II, worldwide trade and commerce in products have expanded considerably. This expansion is strongly correlated with the substantial rise in population and the swift advancement of technology and transportation methods. The requirements and expectations of contemporary society have led to significant transformations in international trade and the economy, resulting in heightened associated risks.
A multitude of private and public international lawyers and legal entities, including the United Nations and various international organizations, have endeavored to unify international trade law to substantially mitigate commercial risks and to legally integrate the economic and commercial activities of international actors under uniform regulations.
The International Chamber of Commerce is one such entity that has been issuing a series of three-letter phrases for the structuring of international buy and sale contracts, known as Incoterms, since 1935. These provisions have been essential in resolving international economic disputes. Whether these cases are adjudicated in domestic courts, through arbitration, or at the cross-border and international levels.
Innovative Strategies for Teaching English to University Students: A Global Perspective
Authors: Nuri Alaviyya
Published: February 2025

This research examines the effects of novel pedagogical approaches on English language acquisition at the tertiary level. The increasing demand for English competence in higher education renders conventional teaching approaches inadequate for effectively engaging pupils. Utilizing student-centered learning methodologies, integrating technology, and adding global viewpoints can augment student engagement, motivation, and total language acquisition. The study used a mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys, interviews, and case studies from diverse universities globally. Research demonstrates that creative tactics markedly enhance learning results; nonetheless, obstacles such as faculty training and technological accessibility persist. The research offers suggestions for educators and policymakers to enhance English language teaching in higher education institutions.
The Impact of Robots and Artificial Intelligence on Human Resources in the Future
Authors: Ekram Yawar Mohammad , Qurban Hakimi Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Technology is an inevitable part of human life. One of the technologies is artificial intelligence and robots, which are very effective in human life. The desire of organizations to use artificial intelligence in human resource management, considering its advantages and to survive in the competitive environment of the digital age, has doubled the importance of identifying the requirements and conditions for using artificial intelligence.
Many warnings have been raised about the potential of artificial intelligence to disrupt the structure of the human resource, especially in jobs that can be easily automated. In fact, it is widely believed that artificial intelligence will soon be able to perform administrative tasks that occupy most of the time of managers, better, faster and at lower cost.
Artificial intelligence plays an important role in increasing the productivity of human resources in the processes of searching, hiring and retaining employees, but this technology must be used with consideration for privacy as well as public policies. The presence of artificial intelligence only means changing the focus of managers' responsibilities on tasks that only humans can perform. The emergence of artificial intelligence is solely aimed at expanding office automation and not to replace human labor.
Research by the World Economic Forum showed that despite artificial intelligence and intelligent robots, 50 percent of some jobs will disappear in the coming years, while the rest of the jobs may not be affected.
Despite concerns about job elimination if artificial intelligence and robot technologies grow, it must be acknowledged that people had similar concerns during the Industrial Revolution or even the spread of the Internet. This is while the Internet has created jobs and increased countries' incomes over time.
Now, 63 percent of all top managers in the world believe that the impact of artificial intelligence technology will be much greater than the Internet and that the world will benefit from the existence of robots.
NON-COMPETITION OBLIGATION OF THE WORK IN THE LIGHT OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS
Authors: OĞUZ ÖZGÜR
Published: February 2025

İşçinin iş sözleşmesinden doğan iş görme asli ediminin yanında bazı yan edimleri de bulunmaktadır. Sadakat borcuna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan rekabet etmeme borcu bu edimlerden biridir. Rekabet etmeme borcu, işçinin işi sebebiyle edindiği
bilgileri kullanarak işvereni ile rekabet etmesini böylelikle işverenin zarar görmesini engelleyen bir düzenlemedir. Rekabet etmeme borcu işverenin haklı menfaatinin korunması amacıyla iş sözleşmesi sona erdikten sonra bir süre
daha devam edebilen bir borçtur. Ancak rekabet yasağının iş sözleşmesi sona erdikten sonra devam edebilmesi için iş sözleşmesine bir rekabet yasağı kaydı koyulmuş olması veya ayrı bir rekabet yasağı sözleşmesi yapılmış olması gereklidir.
Rekabet yasağı İş Kanunu ve Türk Borçlar Kanunu çerçevesinde incelenmiş ve ilgili Yargıtay kararları ile uygulamadaki yansıması üzerinde durulmuştur.
SERVICE CONSOLIDATION IN THE CASE OF THE DECEASED PARTICIPANT'S SPOUSE: An Evaluation in Terms of Competent Court and Obligation of Consolidation
Authors: Sözer Ali Nazım
Published: February 2025

In professional life, especially in certain professions, individuals may work in multiple workplaces and under different statuses throughout their working lives. When these individuals apply for retirement, they encounter the issue
of under which institution and law they should retire. Similarly, in the event of their death, their dependents face the same issue. Due to the mentioned situation, this study focuses on the service consolidation in the case of
the deceased participant's spouse. This examination is conducted in terms of the competent court and the obligation to consolidate. Within the scope of the study, the legal framework related to the retirement rights of individuals
with multiple insurance statuses is discussed in the context of legal regulations such as the Law No. 5510 on Social Insurances and General Health Insurance and the Law No. 2829 on the Consolidation of Services Subject to Social
Security Institutions. Within the mentioned framework, the study addresses the procedural law and substantive law aspects separately, based on an example case and some judicial decisions on the subject. Thus, the issue is evaluated
in terms of procedural law and substantive law.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL INSURANCE IN THE CENTENARY OF THE REPUBLIC
Authors: Fatih UŞAN Muhammed , Buluş Sıdıka
Published: February 2025

İnsanlığın varlığından itibaren, yaşam boyunca karşılaşma riski barındıran mesleki, fizyolojik ve sosyo-ekonomik tehlikelere karşı sosyal güvenliğe kavuşma ihtiyacı söz konusu olmuştur. Farklı dönemlerde bu ihtiyaç; yardımlaşma, bireysel
ve toplu birikim yapma, mesleki örgütlenme, özel sigortalar ve sosyal sigortalar gibi araçlarla giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sanayi Devrimi’nin etkisiyle ağırlaşan çalışma koşulları karşısında sosyal güvenliğin sağlanmasında geleneksel
yöntemlerin yetersiz kalması, sosyal sigorta tekniğinin önemini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ülkemizde ise ancak Cumhuriyet döneminde yapılan düzenlemelerle sosyal sigortalar etkin şekilde uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Öncesinde sınırlı ve dağınık
şeklide yapılan sosyal sigorta düzenlemeleriyle çeşitli önlemler alınarak sosyal güvenliği sağlamaya yönelik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Daha sonra hizmet sözleşmesiyle çalışanlar, bağımsız çalışanlar ve kamu görevlilerinin sigortalılığı
farklı sigortalılık statüleri ve sosyal güvenlik kuruluşları bünyesinde düzenlenerek bu çalışanlar farklı koşullarda olsa da sosyal sigorta güvencesine kavuşturulmuştur. Nihayetinde, sosyal güvenlik sisteminde reform yapma düşüncesi
ile dağınık halde bulunan mevzuat tek bir kanunda toplanmaya çalışılmış, çeşitli sosyal güvenlik kuruluşları ise Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu çatısı altında birleştirilmiştir. Ne var ki, kanun ve kurum bakımından tekliğin sağlanması,
sistemin dağınık ve karmaşık yapısını çözmekte yetersiz kalmıştır. Dolayısıyla günümüzde sosyal sigortalara ilişkin düzenlemeler ve değişiklikler yapılmaya devam edilmektedir.
PROTECTION OF FAMILY IN SOCIAL LAW: A MODEL PROPOSAL FOR FAMILY INSURANCE
Authors: ÇİLOĞLU YÖRÜBULUT MERVE , UĞUR Suat
Published: February 2025

Küresel dünyada sosyal eşitsizlik yaygınlaşmakta, toplumun kesimleri arasındaki farkın uçurumu derinleşmektedir. Aile, toplumun önemli bir kurumu olarak sosyal eşitsizliğin hem kaynağı hem de söz konusu eşitsizlikle mücadele edebilecek
bir araç olma konumundadır. Özellikle Türkiye gibi aile kurumunun toplumsal gücünü sürdürdüğü ülkelerde, “ailenin gücünü korumak” ve “ailenin gücü üzerinden bireyleri korumak” iç içe geçen olgular olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Bu sebeple, ailenin artan eşitsizliğin yeniden üretilmesinde rol almaması aksine eşitsizlikle mücadeleyi tesis edebilmesi için sosyal devlet tarafından sosyal hukuk aracılığıyla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Aileyi bağımlı bir kurum
haline getirmeden, sosyal politika aktörü olma özelliğini koruyarak söz konusu desteğin sağlanmasında en etkili araç “aile sigortası” dır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ailenin sosyal eşitsizlikteki konumunu ortaya koymak, söz konusu eşitsizliğe
karşı sosyal koruma ve aile sigortası arasındaki ilişkiye değinilerek Türkiye için dağınık ve yetersiz şekilde uygulanan politikaların yerine bir aile sigortası modeli önermektir. Bu kapsamda literatür taraması yapılmış, Türkiye’de
aileye yönelik uygulanan politikalar incelenmiştir.
WAGE GUARANTEE FUND IN TURKISH LAW
Authors: Yamakoğlu Efe , ÇAVUŞ Özgür Hakan
Published: February 2025

Dünyada yaşanan ekonomik ve finansal krizlerden etkilenen işgücü piyasalarında ortaya çıkan olumsuz koşulların sonuçlarını işçi lehine belli bir düzeyde iyileştirmek amacıyla hem uygulanan politikalar arasında hem de iş sözleşmesinin
unsurları arasında yer alan ve birçok işçinin tek gelir kaynağı olan ücret alacaklarının korunması ön plana çıkmıştır. İşçi alacaklarının korunması için önce uluslararası düzeyde koruma içerikli sözleşmeler kabul edilmiş, daha
sonra bu düzenlemeler ilgili ülkelerin kanun koyucuları tarafından iç hukuklarına aktarılmıştır. Bu kapsamda işverenin ödeme güçlüğü yaşadığı hallerde ücretin korunması ayrı bir önem taşımaktadır. Ücretin korunması amacıyla Türkiye’de
4857 sayılı İş Kanunu ile düzenlenen İşsizlik Sigortası Fonu kapsamında Ücret Garanti Fonu kurulmuştur. Daha sonra bu fon, işçiler bakımından kapsamı genişletilerek 2008 yılında 4447 sayılı İşsizlik Sigortası Kanunu’na aktarılmıştır.
Ücret Garanti Fonu’nun amacı, işverenin konkordato ilan etmesi, iflası ve işveren için aciz vesikası alınması hallerinde ücret alacaklarının belli miktarda fondan karşılanarak işçilerin mağduriyetinin bir ölçüde önlenmesidir. Çalışmamızda
son değişiklikler kapsamında ücret garanti fonu ile ilgili değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Constitutional Court's Annulation Decision Regarding the Calculation Method of Temporary Disability Allowance and Considerations on Fighting Social Insurance Frauds
Authors: ESEN Bünyamin , ÖZDAMAR Murat
Published: February 2025

Türk Sosyal Sigortalar Hukuku’na göre sigortalılara tanınan haklardan biri olan geçici iş göremezlik ödeneği, sigortalı bireylerin hastalanması, iş kazasına uğraması, meslek hastalığına tutulması veya hamileliği sonucu hekim istirahat
raporuna istinaden geçici olarak çalışamadığı dönemde yaşadığı gelir kaybını telafi eden sosyal sigorta mekanizmasıdır. Geçici iş göremezlik ödeneği, 01.10.2008 ile 20.04.2021 tarihleri arasındaki dönemde 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar
ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu’nun 17’nci maddesi uyarınca iş kazası, meslek hastalığı, hastalık, analık hali için aynı hesaplama yöntemi ile hesaplanırken 2021 yılında 7316 sayılı Kanunun 9’uncu maddesi ile hesaplama yöntemi
değiştirilmiştir. Bu değişiklik sonrasında iş kazası-meslek hastalığı hallerinde ortaya çıkan iş göremezlik için verilecek ödenek ile hastalık-analık hallerinden ortaya çıkan iş göremezlik için verilecek ödenek farklılaştırılmış;
keza, hastalık-analık hallerinden dolayı ortaya çıkan iş göremezlik ödeneğine, sigortalının son bir yıl içerisinde en az 180 gün prim ödeme gün sayısı yok ise bir üst sınır getirilmiştir. Söz konusu bu değişiklik Anayasa yargısına
konu olmuş ve Anayasa Mahkemesi 2024/31 Karar sayılı güncel bir iptal kararı iptal edilmiş bulunmaktadır. Anayasa Mahkemesi iptal kararını “bireylerin sosyal güvenlik haklarına sınırlama getirdiği, kurallara uygun davranan ve analık
veya hastalık riskine maruz kalan sigortalılara aşın külfet yüklendiği, bu nedenle orantılı olmadığı” gerekçelerine dayandırmıştır. Bu makalede geçici iş göremezlik ödeneğinin hesaplanma yöntemine ilişkin tarihsel gelişim, Anayasa
Mahkemesi’nin kararı ve güncel durum ele alınmıştır.
THE ENTİTLEMENT OF SEAFARERS TO ANNUAL LEAVE FEES DEPENDİNG ON THE TERMİNATİON OF THE EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT PURSUANT TO MARİTİME LABOUR LAW NO. 85
Authors: Tülü Uğur
Published: February 2025

Çalışanların yıllık ücretli izin hakkına Anayasa m.50’de yer verilerek bu hak Anayasal güvence altına alınmıştır. Yıllık ücretli izin hakkının temel amacı işçilerin fiilen çalışmadan ve gelir kaygısı içinde olmadan dinlenmelerini sağlamaktır.
Kullanmadığı yıllık izne ilişkin ücretinin isçiye ödenmesi bakımından 6098, 4857 ve 5953 sayılı Kanunlarda sözleşmenin sona erme nedenine bağlı bir şart bulunmaz. Ancak, Deniz İş Kanunu m.40/7 uyarınca gemi adamları, sözleşmelerinin
bu Kanunun 14/1 maddesi uyarınca işverence haklı nedenle feshedilmesi durumunda hak edip kullanmadıkları yıllık izne ilişkin ücreti talep edemeyeceklerdir. Anayasa Mahkemesi, gemi adamlarının kullanmadıkları yıllık izinlerinin
ücretlerini alabilmelerini sözleşmenin fesih sebebine bağlayan Deniz İş Kanunu’nun 40. Maddesinin 7.bendini Anayasaya aykırılık sebebiyle iptal etmiştir. Çalışmamızda, anayasal bir dinlenme hakkı olan yıllık izin hakkı kavramı,
gemi adamlarının hak kazanma ve kullanma esasları bakımından incelenmiş, Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin iptal kararından sonra ortaya çıkan yasal boşluğun yeni düzenleme yapılana kadar nasıl giderilebileceği konusu değerlendirilmiştir.
SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS REFLECTION ON THE DECISIONS OF THE COURT OF ACCOUNTS
Authors: ALTINAY ZEYCAN ÜNÜVAR
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışma kapsamında Sayıştay’ın hesap yargılamasına kamu zararı yönü ile yansıyan belirli sosyal sigorta primi uyuşmazlıkları ele alınmıştır. Geriye dönük olarak on yıllık bir tarama kapsamında sosyal sigorta prim hesaplamalarından
kaynaklanan kamu zararının doğup doğmadığına dair farklı Daireler tarafından verilen kararlar incelenmiştir. Genellikle kamu sektöründe hizmet alım sözleşmeleri kapsamında prim ödemelerinde yapılan hatalardan kaynaklanan kamu zararlarının
hesap yargısına konu olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Kamu zararı doğuran başlıca uyuşmazlık kaynağı, prime esas kazancın hesaplanması noktasındadır. İnceleme konusu olan kararların, sosyal sigorta priminin temel ilkeleri ile birlikte değerlendirilerek
Sayıştay’ın prim konusuna bakış açısının incelenmesi ve hesap yargısında sosyal sigorta priminin arz ettiği önemin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Sayıştay tarafından sosyal sigorta priminden kaynaklanan kamu zararı tespiti sonrasında
çıkan uyuşmazlıklar özellikle Sayıştay’ın yargı yetkisi ve hukuk güvenliği kavramları ile beraber ayrıca değerlendirilmiştir.
RISK AND SCOPE OF INSURANCE COVERAGE IN EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY INSURANCE
Authors: Gürbüz Esin
Published: February 2025

Türk hukukunda sosyal sigortalar mevzuatına göre işçiler, iş kazası ve meslek hastalığı sigortasına tabidir ve iş kazası durumunda Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu tarafından işçilere Kanun’da belirtilen ödemeler ile yardımlar yapılır. İşçilerin
veya ölümü halinde hak sahiplerinin bu ödemelerin üstündeki veya dışındaki tazminat talepleri için işverenin tazminat sorumluluğu vardır. Ayrıca Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, yaptığı ödemeleri işverene kusuru oranında ödetmek için rücu
eder. İşverenin bu sorumluluklarını güvence altına almak için isteğe bağlı işveren sorumluluk sigortası yaptırılabilir. Bu özel sigorta yalnızca işyerinde meydana gelen iş kazaları nedeniyle işverenin işçi veya hak sahiplerine
ve Kuruma karşı tazminat sorumluluğunu kapsar. Sözleşmeye ek hüküm konularak işverence sağlanan taşıtla toplu olarak işe gidiş gelişi sırasında, görevle başka yere gönderilme sırasında, yurt dışında meydana gelen iş kazalarından
doğan tazminat talepleri, meslek hastalıklarından doğan tazminat talepleri ve manevi tazminat talepleri teminata dahil edilebilir. Bu çalışmada, işveren sorumluluk sigortası teminatının kapsamı ve kapsam dışı rizikolar incelenerek
uygulamadaki sorunlar ile çalışma hayatındaki gelişmeler çerçevesinde öneriler açıklanacaktır. İşçilerin menfaatlerinin korunması için belirli sektörlerde işveren sorumluluk sigortası zorunlu hale getirilebilir. Genel Şartlar’da
güncelleme yapılarak yeni mevzuata uyumlu hale getirilmesi, uzaktan çalışmaya ilişkin hükümler konulması, meslek hastalıklarının ve kadın işçilerin işyeri dışında emzirme saatlerindeki iş kazalarının teminata dahil edilmesi uygun
olur.
Actions Against Capital Market Law on Social Media and Access Blocking Due To These Actions
Authors: ÇAKIR KERİM , Balcı Murat
Published: February 2025

Sermaye piyasasında en önemli aktör olan yatırımcıların piyasaya duyduğu güvenin korunması, sermaye piyasası ile ilgili tüm düzenlemelerin esasını teşkil eder. Bu güvenin korunması maksadıyla kanun koyucu güveni sarsıcı eylemleri yaptırım
altına alarak adli ve idari cezalar öngörmüştür. Son zamanlarda sosyal medya mecralarında oluşturulan gruplar üzerinden hisse pazarlanması ile söz konusu gruplara üye olan yatırımcıların, bu grupları yönlendiren kişiler tarafından
işlenen suçlara iştiraki de tartışma konusu olmuştur. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu, sermaye piyasası faaliyeti izni olmayan kişilerce yatırımcıların mağdur edildiğine işaret etmiş, yatırımcıları sosyal medya üzerinden işlenen suçlara
iştirak edilmemesi konusunda uyarmıştır. Çalışmada, yatırımcıların piyasaya güven duyması, sermaye piyasalarının güvenilirliğinin sağlanması adına 6362 s.lı Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu’nda (SerPK) düzenlenen suçların sosyal medya mecralarında
işlenmesi ve sosyal medyada SerPK’na aykırı eylemler sebebiyle verilen idari para cezalarından ve erişim engelleme tedbirinden bahsedilecektir.
OS IMPACTOS DO USO EXCESSIVO DE TELAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS
Authors: Santos Alice Lopes Prado dos , Silva Eduarda Machado da , Marins Walkiria Silva Soares
Published: February 2025

A tecnologia permeia todas as esferas da vida, criando novas formas de interação, comunicação e identidade. No entanto, essa transição também exige adaptação constante, pois seus impactos ainda são imprevisíveis em crianças. A American Academy of Pediatrics e a Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria recomendam a limitação do  tempo de tela, especialmente para crianças, devido aos riscos à saúde e ao desenvolvimento infantil. No entanto,  muitos pais não seguem essas diretrizes, com mais de 90% das crianças americanas de 0 a 8 anos passando  mais de duas horas por dia em frente às telas. Além disso, fatores socioeconômicos influenciam o uso de  dispositivos, com crianças de classes sociais mais altas tendo maior acesso à tecnologia. É essencial que os  cuidadores promovam um equilíbrio entre o uso de telas e atividades que estimulem o desenvolvimento  saudável das crianças, como brincadeiras livres e vínculos emocionais.Este estudo visou destacar os impactos  da exposição excessiva às telas no desenvolvimento cognitivo e emocional das crianças, enfatizando a  importância de um uso responsável e equilibrado da tecnologia. Os resultados demonstraram que o aumento  do tempo diante das telas está associado a efeitos negativos, prejudicando o desenvolvimento cognitivo e  socioemocional, e afetando o desempenho educacional da criança.
Immune Response Modulation through Physical Activity: Mechanisms and Outcomes
Authors: Dawod Ogail Yousif
Published: February 2025

This study explores the intricate relationship between physical activity and immune response modulation, utilizing secondary data to synthesize existing knowledge on the mechanisms and outcomes involved. Through comprehensive analysis of epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses, the investigation highlights how various forms of physical activity, ranging from moderate exercise to high-intensity training, influence immune function. Key findings illustrate that regular moderate exercise enhances immune surveillance, reduces inflammation, and improves vaccine efficacy, while excessive exercise may impair immune function and increase susceptibility to infections. The study elucidates the underlying mechanisms, including the mobilization of immune cells, cytokine production, and hormonal alterations, offering insights into how physical activity acts as a non-pharmacological strategy to bolster immune health. Additionally, the research underscores the significance of personalized exercise regimens tailored to individual health profiles to optimize immune outcomes. By consolidating current evidence, this study aims to inform public health policies and encourage the integration of physical activity into preventive healthcare strategies to enhance immune resilience across diverse populations.
Inovações e Desafios no Manejo do Politrauma Pediátrico em Serviços de Urgência: Avanços Clínicos e Estratégias Emergentes no Atendimento
Authors: Vincenzi Isadora Pinheiro , Partata Camila Euqueres , Guimarães Raquel Gomes , Costa Esdras , Rocha Mickael Itallo Aragão , Cunha Maria Laura Barbosa Bezerra , Raya Victor Monteiro de Campos , Menegazzo Daniel Gonçalves , Melo Mailson Barbosa de , Paiva Juliana Gamalier de , Brito Murilo Mesquita de , Lopes Adrielton Cantilho , Oliveira Tania Rodrigues de
Published: February 2025

O manejo do politrauma pediátrico em serviços de emergência é um desafio significativo devido à complexidade das lesões e às particularidades fisiológicas das crianças. O avanço das tecnologias médicas, como inteligência artificial, telemedicina e técnicas avançadas de imagem, tem contribuído para diagnósticos mais rápidos e precisos, além de aprimorar o monitoramento e o tratamento desses pacientes. No entanto, ainda há obstáculos, como a falta de protocolos padronizados, a escassez de recursos em países em desenvolvimento e dificuldades na capacitação contínua dos profissionais. Este estudo, uma revisão integrativa de literatura, analisou artigos científicos publicados entre 2015 e 2025 em bases de dados renomadas, aplicando critérios rigorosos de inclusão e exclusão. Foram selecionados 20 artigos que embasaram a discussão sobre os avanços no atendimento ao politrauma pediátrico, incluindo a implementação de protocolos sistematizados como o ATLS e o aprimoramento da triagem de casos graves. Entre as principais inovações destacam-se o uso de inteligência artificial para análise de imagens médicas e suporte à decisão clínica, dispositivos de monitoramento remoto e a aplicação de realidade aumentada no treinamento de equipes médicas. Apesar dessas melhorias, desafios persistem, como a dificuldade no controle da dor e do trauma psicológico, a heterogeneidade das lesões e a disparidade no acesso a serviços especializados. Para superar essas barreiras, estratégias emergentes incluem a personalização do atendimento, a colaboração internacional e a padronização de protocolos baseados em evidências.
An Era of Eroding Trust: Facing the Organizational Trust Crisis
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: February 2025

The article examines the dramatic erosion of trust between employers and employees in recent decades, driven by factors such as job insecurity, organizational restructuring, and a focus on profits over people. It reviews research demonstrating the critical importance of trust for individual and organizational success, while highlighting how fragile trust can be. The article outlines the key dimensions of the current trust crisis, including low employee trust in leadership, concerns over job security, and a lack of voice and input. Finally, it presents strategic approaches leaders can employ to rebuild trust in a sustainable manner, such as fostering transparency, psychological safety, fairness, and a culture of mutual care and loyalty. The article contends that regaining lost trust represents an urgent challenge but also an opportunity to catalyze innovation, cooperation, and resilience within organizations.
Guiding Students to Become Young Entrepreneurs Through School Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Jamal Alim Ikmal , Wahira Wahira
Published: February 2025

Entrepreneurship education in schools has a very important role in preparing the young generation to become independent and innovative entrepreneurs. By introducing entrepreneurial concepts from an early age, students can be taught to recognize opportunities, manage risks, and build the skills needed to create their own businesses. This research aims to explore the ways in which entrepreneurship education in schools can guide students to become successful young entrepreneurs. The method used in this study is a literature study that includes various theories and practices of entrepreneurship applied in schools in Indonesia. The results show that effective entrepreneurship education can encourage students to develop business ideas, increase their confidence, and prepare them to face the challenges of the business world.
Therapeutic Potential of microRNA-29 in Combating Collagen Fibrosis-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Sun Yiwen
Published: February 2025

Fibrosis-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, driven by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and abnormal collagen accumulation, represents a critical barrier to muscle regeneration. MicroRNA-29 (miR-29) has been shown to effectively suppress fibrosis by directly targeting collagen synthesis genes, such as COL1A1 and COL3A1, while preserving key ECM components like laminin and fibronectin. While various delivery methods have been explored, including Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), nanoparticles, lipid-based transfection reagents, and electroporation, off-target effects remain a significant challenge. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of miR-29, particularly when combined with other therapies, in reducing collagen deposition and restoring gastrocnemius muscle strength in murine models, offering preliminary success for miR-29 in treating skeletal muscle disorders like Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nevertheless, the limited translation to success in clinical trials reflects the technology’s ongoing challenges in targeted delivery, safety, and dosage optimization. This paper provides updates on the current state of the literature on the use of miR-29. The results underscore the need for further research to overcome these barriers, particularly in the context of skeletal muscle fibrosis, to fully unlock the therapeutic potential of miR-29.
Intersection of AI and Cybersecurity: Protecting Healthcare Data in a Connected World
Authors: Alomari Ghaith
Published: February 2025

The release of Artificial Intelligence in healthcare cybersecurity is innovative as it safeguards the patient’s data, recognizes threats while its occurrence and address cyber threats. However, its adoption raises concern with the following issues and concerns relating to data privacy, the law and ethics. In the following review, the different ways that AI enhances healthcare cybersecurity threat enumeration, data safeguarding, and reaction are examined. The principles of HIPAA and GDPR as well as the remaining principles concerning legislative requirements are also introduced in order to establish the knowledge on how healthcare organizations are required to keep with the rules of privacy and security of data. Some of the ethical concerns which arise when it comes to the issue of use of artificial intelligence in a healthcare organization include; In addition, the review outlines emerging AI solutions two of which are efficient but safeguard privacy preservation methods which are federated learning and differential privacy. Thus while relying on growth potential of AI in the enhancement of health sector cybersecurity: The implementation should be done carefully to respect patients’ rights and privacy, Shield laws and ethical standards.