bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Professional Needs of Undergraduate Translation Students at the College of Language Sciences, King Saud University
Authors: Alkatheery Eman Rashed , Salamah Dania Adel , Al-Otaibi Ghuzayyil Mohammed
Published: March 2024

Translation instructors typically select texts based on what they think students need. However, their translation experience may not extend beyond teaching translation. Furthermore, previous research reported a gap between translator training and the translation job market. As translation courses should cater to the needs of the translation profession, the current study was motivated by the importance of identifying the professional needs of undergraduate translation students in the English Language Program at the College of Language Sciences, King Saud University, to identify any gap between the Program’s requirements and workplace practices. Using questionnaires, interviews, and the analysis of relevant documents, the researchers attempted to identify the most frequent fields, genres, skills, and evaluation criteria professional translators encounter at the workplace. The graduates of the Program under investigation, reported that the most frequent translation fields in the job market were the business translation and legal translation. Furthermore, the most common genres were terms and conditions, policies, reports, agreements and contracts, and website content. The analysis of the documents and interview data showed that the genres addressed in the legal translation course align with the genres encountered at the workplace. In addition, the evaluation criteria adopted by course instructors are well-aligned with the aspects emphasized by employers. In general, some significant discrepancies were found between the Program and the job market regarding genres and fields. Thus, it is recommended that course specifications and objectives are revised in light of job market needs.
Difficulties Faced by Undergraduate Students in English Public Speaking at a Malaysian University
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Taufik Hidayah , Netra I Made , Hassan Isyaku
Published: March 2024

The ability to speak English in public with confidence is essential for university students; both for their studies and employment purposes after graduation. Nowadays, employers seek staff who can speak English confidently. This study, therefore, aims to explore difficulties and factors that hinder effective public speaking among undergraduate students at a Malaysian university. The study employed a qualitative method through face-to-face semi-structured interviews and gathered data from a purposive sample of 44 undergraduate students. The interview data were analyzed using an inductive-thematic analysis: identifying natural units of meaning, labeling, categorizing, and organizing them, constructing narratives, and interpreting the findings. The findings showed that undergraduate students face various difficulties concerning English public speaking due to poor language skills in terms of grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and fluency. Additionally, the findings revealed several factors that hinder public effective speaking among students, including dislike for English, nervousness, low self-esteem, lack of confidence, shyness, eye contact, gender differences as well as lack of idea, practice, and audience attention. These difficulties may result in students having a high level of anxiety during public speaking. This study offers valuable insights to educators in overcoming English speaking difficulties among undergraduates to enhance learning outcomes.
Discrimination Experiences and Trust in the Police – Evidence from the DeZIM.panel
Authors: Walter Lisa , Mayer Sabrina Jasmin
Published: March 2024

The question of how discrimination affects trust in the police has gained increasing academic attention since the revelation of racist police violence, for example in the murder of George Floyd.Previous studies have largely been limited to the effect of discrimination by the police themselves. Discrimination experienced in other domains (e.g. in the work context, in public offices and authorities or during leisure time), which are more widespread, has so far been largely ignored. This paper analyses the association between discrimination experiences and trust in the police. In doing so, it is not limited to discrimination by the police itself but advances previous research by analysing the effect of political discrimination and societal discrimination. We draw on a novel data set, the DeZIM.panel, an offline recruited online panel of the German population between 18 and 67 (N ~3,500). Our findings show that not only being discriminated against by the police, but also the experience of discrimination in more general domains matter for trust in the police. While political discrimination relates negatively to trust in the police among immigrants and their descendants, societal discrimination only matters significantly for the majority population. In addition, the effect of political discrimination is conditional on German citizenship.
A Digital Approach to Teach Synthesis Writing for a Defence University: A Needs Analysis
Authors: Rahman Emily Abd , Yunus Melor Md , Hashim Harwati , Rahman Nur Khadirah Ab.
Published: March 2024

Synthesis writing, a critical skill for university students, involves selecting, organizing, and connecting information from multiple texts. However, many students struggle with this task, highlighting a need for effective instructional approaches. In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has reshaped educational practices, there is a pressing need to reconsider teaching methods and incorporate digital approaches to align with contemporary learning paradigms. This study investigates the necessity of developing a mobile app module for teaching synthesis writing in a defence university setting in Malaysia. Ultimately, the research poses a central question: What are the perspectives of educators in a defence university in Malaysia regarding the necessity of developing a mobile application module for teaching synthesis writing? Through semi-structured interviews with five educators, the study explores their perspectives on the importance, challenges and strategies associated with teaching synthesis writing, as well as their readiness to integrate mobile technology into instruction. Thematic analysis of the data reveals four main themes: the importance of synthesis writing, challenges in teaching synthesis writing, learning strategies employed by educators, and the readiness to adopt mobile technology for teaching synthesis writing. The findings underscore the significance of this study for mobile application designers, English language educators, and course designers, providing insights into the specific needs and preferences regarding synthesis writing instruction. Furthermore, the study contributes to both theory and practice in education by addressing the growing demand for digital tools in writing instruction and highlighting the potential of mobile applications to enhance students’ writing skills.
A qualitative exploration of triggers for alcohol use and access to alcohol services during the COVID-19 pandemic among people identifying as problem drinkers.
Authors: Yaqubi Hadia , May Tom , Burton Alexandra
Published: March 2024

IntroductionA polarisation of drinking behaviour was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic with some people reported to be drinking more alcohol and others less. We aimed to understand how and why the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions impacted alcohol use and access to support and services during this time.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 27 participants, including 20 people identifying as problem drinkers and seven alcohol service providers. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsWe identified two main triggers for alcohol use during the pandemic: i) loss of daily routine and activity resulted in drinking to cope with social isolation and boredom and ii) drinking alleviated feelings of fear, anxiety and anger over the imposition of pandemic restrictions. Regarding access to services, two main themes were generated: i) remote service provision was perceived as inferior to in-person services and ii) the need to offer choice and flexibility in how services were provided, with service providers reporting more positive experiences of online and telephone service delivery than service users. Discussion and ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into potential triggers for alcohol use among people identifying as problem drinkers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The acceptability of remote forms of service provision were dependent on service user access to and comfort with using technology. Hybrid delivery models may therefore be suitable in some but not all circumstances, and efforts should be made to promote equitable access to services.
Helping to Flee a Political Crisis: A Conjoint Experiment on the Aid Preferences of Wartime Russian Migrants
Authors: Sergeeva Ivetta , Kamalov Emil
Published: March 2024

For individuals fleeing oppressive regimes, the support from migrant communities is pivotal, often serving as a lifeline. Research typically focuses on the views of host nations' citizens regarding migrants, but little is known about the perspectives of migrants themselves on aiding others in crises. This study investigates the motives of Russian migrants for assisting non-family compatriots during the post-2022 military intervention in Ukraine. We found that Russian political migrants favor aiding ethnic minorities and other groups heavily affected by the conflict, which expands our understanding of deservingness and in-group favoritism literature. We argue that this decision is driven by a collective sense of guilt and responsibility for Russian actions in Ukraine and reflects a willingness to repair the damage to those who have suffered from the political consequences of the regime. This study initiates a discussion on how in-group favoritism might be challenged by war and crisis-induced emotions, such as group-based feelings of guilt and responsibility toward the victims.
On art and the limits of dissent
Authors: Araya López Alexander , Davis Colin J
Published: March 2024

Since June 2022, activists have been targeting renowned museums and galleries to draw attention to the climate crisis, with protests that often involve the apparent destruction of artworks. These actions have been condemned in global media outlets and are frequently represented as counterproductive and lacking in logic. We contend there is a logic in the actions of these political dissenters that goes beyond a simple attempt to secure media and political attention. The symbolic destruction of famous artworks represents a threat to deep psychological needs to transcend death through the protection of common heritage, which is discursively linked to climate and ecological destruction. Furthermore, considering the current literature on the physical spaces of democratic practices, we highlight the risks of demarcating museums and galleries as 'off-limits' for political action and contend that these are legitimate sites for political dissent and civil disobedience.
Effects of Motivation, Proficiency, and Gender on Saudi EFL Learners’ Utilization of Language Learning Strategies
Authors: Almansour Noha , Almaneea Maram
Published: March 2024

This study aims to investigate the use of language learning strategies among English as a foreign language university students and examine the effect of motivation, proficiency, and gender on learners’ use of these strategies. The significance of the study lies in its contribution to the field of second language learning and its potential to inform language educators, teachers, and curriculum developers about the strategies learners employ to enhance their learning experience. The study addressed two questions: a) what language learning strategies do Saudi EFL learners utilize most frequently in learning English? b) what is the impact of learners’ gender, motivation, and proficiency on their use of language learning strategies? The sample consists of 395 Saudi EFL students selected through purposive sampling. The study utilized a self-reported questionnaire to assess learners’ motivation and language learning strategies. The results revealed that EFL learners predominately utilized metacognitive and cognitive strategies, whereas affective strategies were the least frequently employed. The study demonstrated that motivation had the most significant effect on learners’ utilization of all strategies, with statistically significant differences observed across the different motivation groups. Furthermore, language proficiency had a notable impact on learners’ use of metacognitive, cognitive, and compensation strategies. However, there were no significant differences in the utilization of LLSs among male and female learners. The study has several pedagogical implications that can inform language educators, teachers, and learners in EFL settings.
Survey of Daylight Saving Perspectives in Australia
Authors: Sigler Thomas
Published: March 2024

This report contains the results of Australia’s first known comprehensive survey on daylight saving perspectives. Survey data indicate overwhelming support for daylight saving nationwide (80%). This is true across all demographic and socio-economic groups, including by age, sex, occupation, state, income, household status, employment status and political affiliation. Nationwide results are presented in detail, followed by results from Western Australia and Queensland--the two Australian states where daylight saving is not currently observed.
Prospective English language teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs in English language teaching environment
Authors: Abduraimova Zh.A
Published: March 2024

This study examines prospective English language teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs in English language teaching environment. Self-efficacy as ability can impact on students doing task sufficiently. Nowadays self-efficacy plays an important role in developing English language proficiency, because the term “self-efficacy” demonstrates individuals’ competence. Therefore in order to prepare qualified future English teachers, their self-efficacy beliefs also should be tested. For that reason, the purpose of this research study was to figure out prospective English language teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs. Participants of present research study were 54 students, enrolled at Foreign Languages Teaching Department of Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University. Quantitative research design was used in this study to describe the current condition of future teachers. The data was collected with the help of online questionnaire, through survey method prepared by Google form. Results demonstrated that future English teachers possess adequate level of self-efficacy beliefs. There were not significant differences between male and female undergraduate students, due to Mann-Whitney’s Utest analysis. Overall, research study provided information about undergraduate students’ self-efficacy beliefs using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program which played a huge role to examine the data.
Analysing listening anxiety levels of learners in the EFL classrooms
Authors: Babakhanova D.N.
Published: March 2024

Listening is considered a difficult skill, and also listening is often neglected compared to other skills, exactly reading, writing, and speaking skills. Listening is one of the essential skills in second or foreign language learning that gives opportunities to communicate with other language speakers, as without listening communication cannot be complete. In oral communication listening has the significant role and anxiety has influence on students’ listening comprehension. Anxiety is the powerful factor, which blocks learners’ listening comprehension. The purpose of the present research was to analyze listening anxiety levels of learners in the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learning classrooms. The participants of this research were 109 students from two different schools in Turkistan. The participants consisted of 10th -11th grade students from №2 Hamza general secondary school (n=46) and №17 Ataturk gymnasium school (n=63). This study used quantitative descriptive research design. A survey method using questionnaire was used in order to collect necessary data and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The results, it was found that EFL learners have a high listening anxiety level. More precisely, it was found that EFL students face more difficulties when they hear different kind of pronunciations.
Prospects of information-computer technologies in teaching biology
Authors: Shazhanbayeva S.E.
Published: March 2024

The article deals with the problems of information support of biology lessons as plans for the implementation of a didactic approach to the development of the content of their technological composition of education, as it makes it possible to use computer videos, multimedia presentations in the lesson, which allows students to activate motivation and increase the effectiveness of learning. Today, the use of modern information technologies in the educational process makes it possible to improve the quality of the presentation of educational material and increase the effectiveness of training.  Studies have shown that the practice of a biology teacher today includes active teaching methods using information and computer technologies, which opens up new opportunities for developing students' cognitive interest in the subject being taught. The authors of the article consider the possibility and even the strategic necessity of using information and computer technologies (ICT) in teaching biology, which allows solving the problems of computerization of education from an organizational point of view and increasing the effectiveness of teaching.
Investigating “Hidden side” of Foreign Language Teacher: Cognition, Affect, and Motivation
Authors: Jandildinov М.К.
Published: March 2024

The primary aim of this study is to investigate “hidden side” of foreign language teacher. In order to describe foreign language teacher such factors as Cognition, Affect, and Motivation were taken and investigated. The study used English language teachers in order to investigate “Foreign language teacher”. The research sample consists of 40 English language teachers working in different public schools from different cities, teaching levels and various ages and work experiences in Kazakhstan. In order to describe general portrait of foreign language teacher Professional orientation method was used. According to the results, English language teachers have three professional orientations: Self-orientation, Communication-orientation, and Task-orientation. Based on these orientations cognitive, affective, and motivational sides of the teachers were described and compared. The results provide detailed comparison and description of English language teachers with respect to cognition towards communicative approach, motives to work and emotions about teaching English at schools.
Informativeness of postmortem dynamics of skeletal muscles of dog and cat corpses for forensic veterinary diagnosis of death due to acute hypoxia
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan , Kazantsev Roman
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need in the practice of forensic veterinary expertise to establish the statute of limitations for the occurrence of death of dogs and cats during the investigation of crimes against animal health and life. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to solve diagnostic forensic veterinary problems regarding the informative value of postmortem disorganisation of skeletal neck muscles of dog and cat corpses within 72 hours after the death of animals. The main methods of investigating the diagnostic information content of postmortem dynamics of skeletal muscles of dog and cat corpses for forensic veterinary determination of the conditions and prescription of death due to acute hypoxia are those that can be comprehensively considered the identified problem, in particular, Papenheim-Kryukov staining of smears, slides – hematoxylin and eosin, fluorescein isothiocyanate, and Shabadash staining. The forensic veterinary diagnostic significance of two expert criteria is justified: “the number of patterns of disorganisation of the neck muscles of dog and cat corpses” and “glycogen content in the neck muscles of dog and cat corpses”. It is proved that biotransformation of skeletal muscles occurs in the following sequence: during the first 24 hours after the death of the animal, postmortem stiffness of the muscles of corpses occurs, accompanied by dehydration, compaction, contraction of myofibrils; muscle relaxation is observed from 24 to 48 hours after death, myofibrils are stretched and swollen; from 48 to 72 hours, autolysis of muscles is recorded under the influence of saprotrophs. It was found that the destruction of skeletal muscle tissue is more intense in the case of death due to suffocation compared to death from poisoning, and the destruction of muscle tissue is more dynamic in the case of death due to freezing compared to death caused by drowning in cold water. For the first time, the results obtained will contribute to solving diagnostic forensic veterinary tasks, in particular, establishing the statute of limitations and conditions for the occurrence of death of dogs and cats during the investigation by law enforcement agencies of crimes related to animal cruelty
Microstructural analysis of meat and internal organs of broiler chickens using a probiotic biological product
Authors: Bohatko Alona , Utechenko Mykola
Published: March 2024

Probiotic preparation containing bacteria of the genus Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis used for feeding broiler chickens to improve feed digestion, nutrient absorption, increase immune status and productivity, and for the prevention and treatment of various poultry diseases. The purpose of the study is to conduct histological tests of broiler chicken slaughter products when they were administered a probiotic biologic medical product in doses of: 0.5 g, 2.0, and 4.0 g per 10 dm3 of water. The material was examined by the histological method. It was found that the muscle fibres in the pectoralis major are of the same type, evenly directed, the cytoplasm of muscle fibres is moderately eosinophilic, uniformly light pink, and minor layers of adipose tissue are found between the bundles of muscle fibres. The morphological architectonics of the heart muscle are preserved, cardiomyocytes are homogeneous and have a clear orientation. The microstructure of the liver of broiler chickens is unchanged: hepatocytes are collected in the same type of groups; the central veins are desolate; the cytoplasm of these cells is homogeneous, clear, and pink; the nuclei are weakly basophilic. In the spleen, the follicular structure is formed, leukocytes are diffusely placed at different stages of differentiation; vessels in significant numbers, thickened, of different calibre. The cuticle of the muscular part of the stomach contains the epithelial layer, the volume part of the connective tissue base layer is revealed; muscle fibres are located under the mesenchymal base of the cuticle. Lungs by morphological structure have bronchial tubes throughout the structure, which contain blood cells. According to the results of the conducted studies, a beneficial effect of a probiotic biological product at a dose of 4.0 g/10 dm3 of water on the morphology of the pectoralis major and internal organs of broiler chickens was established. Therefore, a probiotic at a dose of 4.0 g/10 dm3 of water during the drinking of broiler chickens can be recommended to increase productivity and produce safe slaughter products. The practical significance of the results obtained is to determine the features of the effect of feeding poultry with different doses of probiotics on the microstructure of its slaughter products, which is important for obtaining the best effect from its use
Evaluating the Role of Economic Factors in Sustainable Consumption Behaviour
Authors: Oberoi Parul , Bhandari Jitender
Published: March 2024

The research paper investigates the intricate nexus between economic factors and sustainable consumption behaviour, providing a nuanced exploration of how such considerations shape an individual’s choice in the realm of environmental responsibility. Drawing on established theories of consumer behaviour and sustainability, this study employs a positivist approach encompassing quantitative surveys and analysis. It scrutinises the effects of prices, expectations and other broader economic conditions on the adoption of sustainable practices. The findings contribute significantly to the existing body of knowledge by providing a holistic understanding of the economic levers instrumental in driving towards sustainable consumption like taste and preferences and price or hindering the shift towards sustainable consumption like societal behaviour and availability of alternatives. This research aims to inform policymakers, businesses and consumers alike, facilitating the development of targeted interventions and initiatives that foster a harmonious convergence of economic and ecological goals.
Between Floods and Climate Change: Revisiting the Mishing Community of Majuli Island, Northeast India
Authors: Longkumer Watimongba , Kannan Hemalatha
Published: March 2024

The transformation of monsoon rainfall patterns in India, largely attributed to climate change, is leading to more frequent and severe floods. These escalating challenges underscore the imperative of prioritising adaptive measures, given the intrinsic link between humans and climate change. This research conducted in Majuli Island, a highly vulnerable region in India’s northeast, aims to understand current adaptive strategies and assess potential risks from impending physical exposures. Empirical evidence was collected using purposive sampling in two flood-prone villages. The objective was to revisit the Mishing community’s experiences with annual flooding and climate challenges. Thematic analysis interpreted the qualitative findings. Implications for community-based adaptation and sustainable practices are discussed for future flood and climate challenges. The study emphasises strengthening ecosystem-based adaptation through multi-sectoral networking in Majuli Island, Northeast India.
The Influence of Ozone Depletion Potential Weighted Anthropogenic Emissions of Nitrous Oxide
Authors: Ibrahim Ruaa M. , Abbood Zainab M. , Al-Taai Osama T. , Ahmed Mohamad M.
Published: March 2024

The effects of anthropogenic emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and halocarbons on stratospheric ozone (O3) over the twentieth and twenty-first centuries are divided using a chemical model of the stratosphere. As halocarbon levels revert to pre-industrial levels, N2O and CO2 will likely play the primary roles in the evolution of ozone in the future. It is unable to distinguish clearly between these gases’ effects on ozone due to nonlinear interactions between them. The work was conducted using the monthly and annual data of the gases in the stratospheric layer to determine the overlap between N2O and O3 for the Iraq station and for the period (2003-2016). The strength of the association between gases was determined using the Spearman rho test (rs). It was found that there is a very high positive relationship between the N2O and O3 in Nasriyah station, which is 0.807 which indicates a strong association. This is because meteorological conditions, climatic fluctuations, and atmospheric location all affect correlation. The ozone layer is destroyed by nitrous oxide at high concentrations through the stratosphere layer and the tropospheric layer, the concentration of ozone increases with an increase in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide.
Owner Replenishes: Enabling Youth Participation for Ground Water Conservation in Peri Urban Nashik
Authors: Patil Ar. Geetanjali , Nikam Ar. Ankita
Published: March 2024

UN World Water Development Report 2022 ‘Groundwater: making invisible visible’ - has pointed out that the major source of freshwater is groundwater. Groundwater conservation and replenishment have taken the forefront in view of the water crisis faced by the world. Groundwater management is action-oriented, focusing on practical implementation activities and day-to-day operations. It occurs more often at the micro- and meso-level. The urban area has the privileges of an established public water supply system, the suburbs and periurban areas are almost entirely groundwater dependent. The surface water runoff is mostly wasted and drained into the nalla/ river in these areas. Peri Urban zone of Nashik includes 177 institutional campuses (schools and colleges). These campuses can be developed as role models and act as leaders for water conservation methods and groundwater recharge for the neighbouring rural zone. This research is based on a methodology that involves three-pronged approaches, which consist of a) Identifying the potential of educational campuses in the peri-urban zone, b) educating the school students about the water and its conservation techniques as primary stakeholders of the future and c) creating platform at the school level to interact with the villagers in the vicinity to create the actual impact of the replenishment. This approach ensures active participation of the stakeholders (campus management, admin, student community) in periurban areas for groundwater recharge. Thus sensitising the student community as the primary stakeholder ensures the bottoms up approach for sustainable urban development. This transdisciplinary approach of engaging the students with the community drives two fold benefits - one, of committed habit formation in them & second, of becoming a leader & a resource person for future green development of the area The discussions on groundwater conservation in this paper point out to the need to coin principle of “Owner Replenishes”- for water conservation on the lines of “Polluter Pays”.
Most Probable Rate of Horizontal Spread of Phenanthrene in a Sandy Loam Soil Under Natural Environment
Authors: Phukon Niranjan , Goswami Ambarish Dev , Chakravorty Bidya , Sarma Prahash Chandra
Published: March 2024

The rate of horizontal spread of phenanthrene applied in a plot of land of sandy loam texture is determined in a field experiment of four months duration under natural environment. Efforts were made to study the effect of different physico-chemical parameters of the soil sample on the horizontal spread of phenanthrene. The concentration of the hydrocarbon at different points of time was determined by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of soxhlet extract of soil samples drawn from different distances from the point of application of the hydrocarbon. Simultaneously, internal samples were also analysed in order to detect the efficiency of the process of extraction and the extent of degradation during the study period. The ambient temperature of the place of the experiment was in the range of 23.6 to 35.5°C, which is suitable for microbial activities. From the internal experiment, it was found that there was a 36% loss of phenanthrene which indicates degradation during these four months of the experiment. It has been found that most of the Phenanthrene molecules move a distance of 15 cm from the point of application in the first 60 days. As such the most probable rate of horizontal spread became 2.89 × 10-8 m s-1.
Comparison of analytical models for shear strength estimation of steel plate girders
Authors: Rafi Muhammad Masood , Bhutto Muhammad Aslam
Published: March 2024

Web shear buckling of steel plate girders limits their load-carrying capacity in bending. Several analytical models have been suggested in the literature to estimate the shear capacity of plate girders. This paper presents a critical evaluation of several of these analytical models using the data of experimentally tested plate girders available in the literature. It was found that these analytical models make a conservative estimation of critical buckling strength for plate girders with larger slenderness and/or aspect ratios. Although the predicted ultimate shear strength varied across the different analytical models, no particular trend was identified to show that the aspect and/or slenderness ratios influenced the shear strength. A parametrically conducted analysis indicated that the threshold slenderness ratio (to cause buckling in the web panel) decreases with increasing yield strength and aspect ratio. The paper proposes simplified guidelines for the preliminary sizing of steel plate girders by avoiding shear buckling. It has been shown that the sizes of plate girders determined using the proposed guidelines satisfy design requirements for both flexure and shear.
Regeneration and reuse of transwell-type culture inserts for blood-brain barrier modelling
Authors: Shuvalova Margarita , Nosov Georgii
Published: March 2024

Culture inserts of Transwell type are widely used in laboratories worldwide to model non-cerebral vessels, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other blood-tissue barriers, and also for the study of chemotaxis and transmigration. However, the use of inserts can generate plastic waste that has an environmental impact due to their one-off design and massive consumption. Thus, it is important to develop a method that can reduce the utilization of inserts but not affect research efficiency. In this study, we propose using a 1:1 (v:v) mix of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 99% sulfuric acid (“piranha solution’’) to completely remove cell debris and matrix from culture inserts. BBB models with inserts regenerated using piranha solution have barrier properties comparable to those of fresh inserts. We show that piranha solution is an effective reagent and allows for the reuse of Transwell-type inserts for BBB modeling up to 5 times. Therefore, the use of this method greatly reduces the production of laboratory waste and benefits numerous laboratories worldwide.
Clinical case of treatment of septic defect of bone and soft tissues of the lower leg
Authors: Baida Maxim , Rushay Anatoliy , Martynchuk Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

the clinical case is an example of complex reconstruction of septic defect of the tibia tissues, the main principles of which were the reduction of traumatic interventions, the choice of optimal multistage tactics; adequate medication. The soft tissue defect was closed with a rotational sural flap, and the bone defect was replaced with a distraction regenerate with the subsequent use of a semi-rigid system of fixation Softcast-Skotchkast; the data of the EFI and Karlstrom-Olerud external fixation index scales with regard to the complexity of the case according to NUSS objectively confirm this.
Health Outcome and Economic Growth: The Case of Malaria in Nigeria
Authors: Sede Peter , Bankole Olu Akinuli , Adegoroye Ademola , Olayinka Amos Oladosu
Published: March 2024

This study has examined the influence of health outcome on economic growth in Nigeria: the case of malaria. The purpose of the study is to investigate the efforts of government on health care system in Nigeria as it influences real gross domestic product within the period of review. Econometrics analyses were employed to carry out the investigation using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The findings revealed that current health expenditure has an unfavourable effect on economic growth, while gross capital formation and secondary school enrolment have positive influence on economic growth in Nigeria. It is, therefore, recommended that the government should endeavour to double her investment in health care system in Nigeria. There are lots of capital outflows as a result of poor expenditure on health care system in Nigeria. The only way to curb this is for the government to be deliberate in her will to invest in this particular sector of the economic which will stimulate improvement in economic growth in general.
Supervisory Relationships, Constructing Academic Identity, and Transition to the Researcher: An Interpretative Single-Case Study
Authors: Hajiabadi Fahime , Rostami Farzad
Published: March 2024

The present interpretative case study aimed to explore constructing researcher identity through successful dyadic supervisory relationships. The only participant in the current single case study was Ako, a recently graduated doctoral student who published some papers with his supervisor and kept that intimate and fruitful relationship after graduation. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, journals, and narration. Thematic analyses (Braun & Clarke, 2006) were conducted to analyze the collected data. In line with Wisker’s (2012) framework, the findings generated four themes, including _supervisor's qualities, supervisor’s affective expectations, supervisee’s journey, _and _relationship enhancement. _The results revealed that a full-fledged and intimate supervisory relationship, in both formal and informal settings, contributed to developing researcher identity. The results have some implications for teacher educators, university managers, supervisors, and doctoral students.
Introducción al apoyo en línea entre jóvenes: una guía para padres y cuidadores
Authors: Nielsen Angela , Forthun Larry
Published: March 2024

El propósito de este documento es informar al lector acerca de la amistad en línea entre adolescentes; el suicidio y la salud mental en adolescentes; ideas para apoyar a un adolescente cuyo amigo en línea descubre que tiene pensamientos suicidas o de auto agresión y la importancia de la seguridad y el auto cuidado. Este documento es FCS3396-Span, uno de una serie del Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, UF/IFAS Extension. Publicación original de fecha febrero 2024.
Integrated pest management goes hand-in-hand with safety
Authors: Kraus Emily C.
Published: March 2024

This publication is geared toward pest management specialists, certified pesticide applicators, and homeowners who are managing indoor and outdoor pests. It provides a broad definition of a pest and describes integrated pest management (IPM) and pest management strategies. As opposed to other EDIS which are specific to management areas (ex: landscape, turf, vegetable) this publication can be used as a basis for all sectors of pest management. The publication also emphasizes using IPM to reduce the development of pesticide resistance and emphasizes how each aspect of IPM contributes to personal and environmental safety.
Communicating About Water in the Floridan Aquifer Region: Part 6—Stakeholders’ Mental Models of Regional Water Challenges
Authors: Hundemer Sadie , Ramadan Shenara
Published: March 2024

If we could look into the minds of agricultural producers and environmentalists to see how they think about regional water challenges, we may be better able to help stakeholders understand each other’s perspectives and resolve perceived conflicts. A 2017–2018 study provides visual maps of producers’ and environmentalists’ conceptions of the relationship between water and the regional economy. The maps reveal that the groups think about the topic in fundamentally different ways. While surveyed producers possess an agricultural, operational-level view of the water-economic system that includes the protective actions taken by individual farmers and ranchers, environmentalists possess a watershed-level view of the water-economic system that highlights the detrimental collective impacts of the agricultural industry as a whole. The findings suggest steps that water communicators can take to reduce perceived conflict between the groups.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on HIV/AIDS Testing and Treatment
Authors: Gajbhiye Sunita , Channe Nirmal , Karale Kailash , Zodpey Sunanda
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV testing, diagnosis, treatment, and care in Nagpur, India by analyzing trends across patient data from 2017-2021. The goal was to outline challenges and future policy measures to mitigate disruptions and improve engagement of individuals living with HIV/AIDS.
Materials and Methods: Data were analyzed for 971 diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy at the Government Medical College's Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre and Antiretroviral Therapy Centre in Nagpur, spanning 2017-2021. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate trends in key parameters - HIV screening, positivity rates, patient characteristics, ICTC-ART linkages, treatment outcomes. Appropriate ethical guidelines were adhered to.
Results: Notable declines in HIV testing and positivity rates were observed during the COVID-19 period. Changes in patient demographic distribution and service gaps (drop in eligible spouse testing; ICTC-ART linkage gaps) indicated likely challenges in care access and engagement during the pandemic. Issues also emerged in critical areas including ART adherence, loss to follow-ups, and cessation of treatment over 2019-2021.
Discussion: The results underscore pandemic-related disruptions faced by HIV care systems, potentially stemming from lockdowns, restrictions, and healthcare service limitations. Addressing detriments through multi-faceted approaches is imperative - improved ICTC-ART linkages, adoption of telemedicine/multi-month ART models and decentralized care can aid optimization of HIV care delivery during outbreaks. The learnings can inform the development of resilient health systems equipped to support vulnerable groups through co-occurring epidemics.
Keywords: COVID-19, healthcare utilization, ICTCs (Integrated counseling and testing centers), linkage, pandemic, patient retention, service gaps, HIV/AIDS, vulnerable populations.
Pothole Detection Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Dhingra Mayank , Dhingra Rahul , Sharma Meghna
Published: March 2024

Potholes are damage caused to the ground by the formation of water and wear and tear over time. According to statistical data, bad road conditions account for about one- third of the total road accidents which has been increasing exponentially. Potholes have become so common that it has become second nature for people to learn how to spot and avoid them, which causes further accidents. The need of the hour is to build a dependable pothole detection system to accurately detect potholes and warn the drivers and government officials in advance. The process to build such a system is divided into two steps i.e. collection of data and pothole identification. The first step is achieved by taking the data from already available data sets on the Internet. The other step includes labeling the potholes in the data set which is usually done manually. This paper focuses mainly on Visual-based techniques to identify the best detection method by comparing popular Machine Learning models and algorithms. The obtained data set is trained using various transfer learning techniques like You Only Look Once (YOLO)[1] and Single Shot Detector (SSD) [1]. Apart from transfer learning, this paper also focuses on some proposed techniques using Convolutional Neural Net- works (CNN) and classification algorithms like Support Vector Machine (SVM)[21] to identify and localize potholes. The actual size of potholes is calculated using morphological operations, which is a just a straightforward technique to analyze figures using set theory. To analyze every model and find the best model, each model is trained on different sizes of data sets and the obtained result is validated and examined by considering different aspects like speed and accuracy in mind.
KARAKTERISTIK SISTEM PENDIDIKAN SUFISTIK
Authors: Prana Izza Yogi
Published: March 2024

The three main components in the contemporary education system are educational goals, educators, and students. Although these three components have almost similar characteristics in the sufistic education system, there are substantive differences. The goals of sufistic education are tazkiyat al-nafs (purify the soul), tahdzib al-akhlak (diciplining morals), and al-ma'rifah (knowing of God). These goals are achieved through a learning process that is guided directly by a teacher who is called a murshid or sheikh. A teacher is an ideal figure with a competence of spiritual experience and clear transmit knowledge (sanad). The teacher also has a central role in the Sufistic education system. A teacher will guide a student (salik) with a pattern of interaction that seems undemocratic and leads to the cult of the individual teacher. However, it is done as a form of ethical interaction between a student and a teacher. The student has to carry out some strict ethical rules and heavy obligations from the teacher in order to shape the character of students and so that students reach their goals. Basically, a teacher knows the capacity of his students.
ЮРИДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРАВОВОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ НА ТИМЧАСОВО ОКУПОВАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЯХ: ВИКЛИКИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ПОДОЛАННЯ
Authors: СОКОЛЕНКО Ольга
Published: March 2024

У статті аналізуються юридичні аспекти забезпечення правової стабільності на тимчасово окупованих територіях. Зазначається, що ця проблема стає особливо актуальною в умовах сучасних конфліктів та геополітичної напруги. Стаття розглядає виклики, які виникають у забезпеченні прав людини та забезпеченні правової стабільності в контексті тимчасової окупації територій, зокрема порушення прав і свобод, відсутність контролю з боку офіційних установ та недостатність механізмів компенсації шкоди. Досліджуються можливі шляхи подолання цих викликів, зокрема через розвиток міжнародного співробітництва, залучення міжнародних організацій та застосування дипломатичних зусиль. Зазначено, що стабільність на окупованих територіях має важливе значення для забезпечення миру та безпеки у регіоні, а вирішення цієї проблеми вимагає комплексного та системного підходу з урахуванням міжнародних норм та стандартів прав людини. Також в статті розглядаються досягнення сучасної юридичної науки та практики у сфері вирішення проблем тимчасової окупації територій, зокрема, шляхи розроблення та впровадження ефективних механізмів забезпечення правової стабільності. Надається огляд робіт провідних науковців та практиків у цій сфері, зокрема їх внесок у розвиток міжнародного права та використання судового шляху для захисту прав людини. Загальний підхід до вирішення проблеми правової стабільності на окупованих територіях є актуальним та значимим для подальшого зміцнення міжнародного правопорядку та забезпечення захисту прав людини у зоні конфлікту. У статті також розглядаються основні принципи міжнародного гуманітарного права, що стосуються військової окупації, а також права людини на тимчасово окупованих територіях. Проаналізовано сучасний стан законодавства та практики в цій області, а також виявлено недоліки та прогалини, що потребують уваги та подальших досліджень. Зокрема, розглядаються виклики, пов'язані з неефективним розслідуванням кримінальних правопорушень, порушенням прав людини та недотриманням міжнародних норм у зоні конфлікту. Висвітлено необхідність розробки та впровадження нових механізмів захисту прав людини та забезпечення правової стабільності на окупованих територіях. Аналізуються можливі шляхи подолання цих викликів шляхом залучення міжнародної спільноти, підтримки міжнародних організацій та розвитку співпраці з правозахисними організаціями.