bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Connection Between Income Inequality, Urbanization, and Real Estate Prices: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Peng Zijing
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes relationship of real estate, urbanization, road construction, and income disparity in the same system. It can theoretically solve problem of the excessive income disparity and slow urbanization. The author will utilize the literature research approach to clean up a lot of data in order to assess and summarize the three keywords in detail. This paper reviews and summarizes the literature at home and abroad from the perspective of three pairs of economic relations: (1) The impact of real estate price fluctuations on income disparity (2) the impact of urbanization on real estate prices (3) The impact of urbanization on income inequality. The relationship between the three are analyzed in the context of urbanization in the new era, From the literature research, it is concluded that the rise in real estate prices enlarges the gap of income inequality. (1) Real estate prices have an unsustainable impact on the urbanization path (2) The "negative effect" of the urbanization development model on the income gap will be greater than the "positive effect" Finally, according to the above analysis, it is concluded that urbanization can narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas through the medium of the real estate industry. Based on the research conclusions, the following suggestions are drawn: (1) Long-term development of urban planning: It is recommended to have more reasonable urban planning, avoid over-development of core cities, promote the development of small and medium-sized cities, and alleviate the upward pressure on real estate prices.
Development Status and Forecast of Pig Industry in China
Authors: Xu Jiahui
Published: January 2025

China is the world's largest pig producer and consumer, and the proportion of pork consumption in total meat consumption has always been maintained at over 60%. The pig industry is an important basic industry in China's agriculture. However, China's pig industry has been plagued by the "pig cycle" for a long time, coupled with multiple adverse factors such as the frequent risk of diseases, increasing environmental pressure, tighter resource constraints and intensified international competition, and the sustainable development of the pig industry is facing a severe test. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review the previous pig cycle, focus on the current pig cycle, and make relevant predictions. In this paper, the current situation of the industry and the main problems are described, and in the end, the three aspects of enterprise, economy, and investment are forecasted. On the corporate side, the warming of the pig cycle also indicates the arrival of the era of large-scale farming, and large-scale farms will receive a dividend after taking on continued debt. Enterprises with scale and modern management will be more competitive, able to better adapt to market changes and seize development opportunities. For the economy, the recovery of the pig cycle is also positive for economic development. From an investment point of view, it is recommended to prioritize high-quality enterprises with excellent cost control and continuous expansion.
A Study on the Impact of Monetary Policy Adjustment on Commercial Bank Credit Behavior
Authors: Hou Ye
Published: January 2025

This paper deeply combines the economic theory and related literature, and systematically discusses the complex and far-reaching influence mechanism of monetary policy on the credit behavior of commercial banks. Monetary policy, as the key lever of macroeconomic regulation and control, indirectly but profoundly affects the credit supply capacity, financing cost structure and risk appetite of commercial banks through various means such as interest rate policy, flexible adjustment of deposit reserve ratio and open market operation, so as to achieve effective regulation of real economic activities. The research begins with a review of the main theoretical frameworks of monetary policy, especially the two schools of Keynesianism and monetarism, which provide their own distinctive interpretations of the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. On this basis, the paper further analyzes the specific mode of action of the three core monetary policy tools, namely interest rate policy, deposit reserve ratio adjustment and open market operation, and how the central bank uses these tools to influence the credit behavior of commercial banks to steer the course of the national macroeconomic steadily.
Comprehensive Analysis of Small Disturbance Stability for Grid-Connected Wind Power System
Authors: Cui Xinyu , Li Ziwen , Liu Yiming
Published: January 2025

Under the impact of the fossil energy crisis and global warming, thermal power, which dominates the old energy structure, is being criticized, and the government's strategy of peak carbon and carbon neutrality has made new energy sources, represented by wind and solar power, more and more optimal choices on the path of energy transformation. One more proven renewable energy source with potential for widespread use is wind power. In addition to new development opportunities and problems brought about by the energy transition aim, the grid-connected wind power collection system (GCWPCS) must also contend with small disturbance oscillation (SDO), which adversely affects the performance of the power system. This research examines the small disturbance stability (SDS) of GCWPCS. It investigates the SDS analysis method and mechanism from two viewpoints, summarizes the benefits and drawbacks of previous research findings, and projects where the field of SDS of GCWPCS will go in the future.
High Throughput Virtual Screening of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Liu Zhifei
Published: January 2025

Decarbonization and development of clean energy has long been a challenge and require the reconstruction of energy consumption. Hydrogen emerges as a promising alternative energy source due to its high hear capacity and negligible carbon emission. However, there exist a lack of effective and efficient approach to store, transport, and recover hydrogen for utilization. Solid materials hold promises to resolve the challenge. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a class of hybrid organic and inorganic materials that exhibit high porosity and diverse chemistry rendering them suitable for gas storage and separation. Screening optimal MOFs for hydrogen storage becomes a persistent research pursuit due to the infinite number of MOF materials. Herein, we propose a computational data-drive high throughput screening pipeline for screening MOFs for hydrogen storage. We generated over a MOF database with over 2000 prototypes and optimized the structures. The hydrogen storage capacities of these MOFs were predicted for identification of top-performing MOFs and investigation of structure-property relationships. We identify top MOF candidates with superior performance than the reference MOFs and high synthesizability. The relationship between the metal chemistry, MOF topology and hydrogen capacity were revealed as future experimental guidance.
Design Principles and Frontiers of Applications for Thermo-Responsive and Self-Healing Hydrogels
Authors: Jiang Chengzhi
Published: January 2025

Hydrogels are a class of hydrophilic polymer networks formed through chemical or physical cross-linking, which have been widely used in the biomedical field due to their high water absorption and biocompatibility. This article deeply analyzes the principles, classification, synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and applications of temperature-sensitive hydrogels and self-healing hydrogels in drug release, tissue engineering, and other fields. By revealing their characteristics and mechanisms of action, it provides theoretical support for further research on hydrogels, looks forward to future research directions, and promotes innovation and development in practical applications.
Analysing the Concept of Holy Grail, Symbols, and Narrative Aspects through a Historical Reading of Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code
Authors: P Hari Priya , A Prakash , Venkateswara U. , Kumar A Sangeeth
Published: January 2025

The article explores the religious and cultural history, focusing on the narrative techniques used in Dan Brown’s The da Vince Code. One key aspect of the mythical connection between the Holy Grail and the Christian secret society is revealed through allegorical narration. This connection is explored through the historical background, which is prevalent in finding facts on the murder of Jacques Suniere at the Paris Louvre Museum, as Robert Langdon has unveiled the mystery and conspiracy among Priory of Sion, Opus Dei, and the Templars. Semiotic symbols are used to communicate the Sacred Feminine, Sang real, and the picture of Jesus. These symbols play a pivotal role in connecting past events to present facts through an alternative historical exposition. The central emphasis of The Da Vinci Code is the depiction of the characters and their traits. In particular, the research article traces the concepts of Symbolism, the Holy Grail, and Opus Dei.
Elaboração, caracterização e aplicação da farinha do coproduto da agroindústria de coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata) em produtos de panificação
Authors: Machado Claysse Aparecida Alves , Silva Tatiane Pereira da , Rodrigues Nicoly , Oliveira Mariuze Loyanny Pereira , Chauca Milton Nobel Cano , Alves Érika Endo , Vieira Claudia Regina
Published: January 2025

O coquinho-azedo é um fruto típico da região do Cerrado e demonstra potencial em compostos bioativos. O coproduto decorrente do seu despolpamento foi reaproveitado para aplicação como ingrediente na formulação de pão de forma. A amostra in natura foi submetida à secagem nas temperaturas de 45, 55 e 65 °C por 02h01, 01h52 e 00h48, respectivamente. A amostra selecionada foi triturada, peneirada e utilizou-se a fração mais fina para produção de pães de forma com adição de 7,5 e 15% de farinha obtida em relação à farinha de trigo. O pão padrão seguiu a formulação sem adição. Foram determinados os teores de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, carboidratos, acidez, carotenoides e vitamina C do coproduto in natura, dos produtos da secagem e dos três tipos de pães produzidos. Os pães de forma com adição da farinha alternativa foram submetidos à análise sensorial, sendo aplicado o teste triangular para discriminação das amostras, teste de aceitação por escala hedônica e testes de intenção de consumo e compra. Dentre as amostras secas, a submetida a 45 °C manteve estatisticamente o maior teor de vitamina C e houve preservação no conteúdo de carotenoides, sendo então utilizada para produção dos pães. Nos pães de forma, não houve diferença significativa entre as amostras padrão, com 7,5% e com 15% de adição da farinha alternativa para os teores de umidade, proteínas e lipídeos. Os teores de acidez, carotenoides e vitamina C foram significativamente mais elevados nas formulações com adição em relação à amostra padrão. Para as análises tecnológicas, a adição do maior teor da farinha alternativa ocasionou diminuição significativa no volume específico, maior escurecimento (L*) e tendência ao marrom (a*) e amarelo (b*) no miolo. Pelo teste discriminativo triangular, houve diferença sensorial perceptível entre os dois pães, ao nível de 0,1% de significância. O pão de forma enriquecido com 7,5% de farinha de coproduto de coquinho apresentou melhores resultados para o teste de aceitação e para a intenção de consumo e compra. Desse modo, evidenciou-se que a adição da farinha do coproduto de coquinho azedo influenciou nos aspectos físico-químicos, tecnológicos e sensoriais do pão de forma.
Use of NIRS technology for predicting the nutritional value of silage made from tropical grasses enriched with corn ethanol co-products and intercropped with corn
Authors: Abreu Joadil Gonçalves de , Kazama Daniele Cristina da Silva , Peixoto Wender Mateus , Matter Edegar , Cabral Luciano da Silva , Balbinot Ernando , Royer Patrícia Orlando , Ferreira Eduardo André
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of tropical grass silage with added co-products from the production of corn ethanol, dried distillers’ grains (DDG) and wet distillers’ grains (WDG), and grass intercropped with corn. The estimation of the chemical composition was performed with near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). In Experiment I (elephant grass), the experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates, and treatments were arranged in a 2×6 factorial scheme with two factors (additives: DDG and WDG, and application levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30%). In Experiment II (Tanzania grass), the experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates, and the treatments included five DDG levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%). In Experiment III, the experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with five replicates, and the treatments were organized in a 2×4 arrangement. Factor 1 included two cultivation methods, monocropped corn and corn intercropped with ruziziensis grass, and factor 2 involved four parts of the corn plant: whole plant, half plant, cobless plant, and cob with husk. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid (ADF), ash, and estimated total digestible nutrient (TDN) contents were evaluated. Reference values were added to the spectra of forage samples. Data preprocessing and chemometric model building, that is, calibration curve development, were performed using the Opus 7.5 software employing partial least squares (PLS) regression. The calibration model was selected based on the lowest root mean square error of the cross-validation (RMSECV) and the highest coefficient of determination (R2cv). The nutritive value of elephant grass and Tanzania grass silage improved with the use of DDG when compared with that of in natura silage. The NDF and ADF contents were lower, and DM was higher in ruziziensis grass silage intercropped with corn, highlighting the importance of adopting integrated production systems. Estimates by NIRS presented high R2cv values (>0.95), demonstrating the potential of this technology for routine analysis of tropical grass silages for CP, NDF, ADF, and ash.
Analisis Keterampilan Membaca Siswa pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SD
Authors: Efendi Akmila , Subayani Nataria Wahyuning
Published: January 2025

Studi ini berusaha untuk menganalisis keterampilan membaca siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa indonesia di sekolah dasar. Hal ini dikarenakan berdasarkan hasil PISA dari tahun ke tahun, prestasi membaca anak-anak indonesia selalu berada pada peringkat bawah dari semua negara-negara peserta PISA. Karena untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca yang efektif dan membantu siswa untuk memahami teks dengan lebih baik. Dengan demikian, menganalisis keterampilan membaca siswa di SD sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa setiap siswa dapat mengembangkan kemampuan literasi mereka secara optimal dan mencapai keberhasilan akademik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat lebih dekat terkait kemampuan membaca anak-anak di SD dengan melihat dari hasil penelitian yang pernah dilakukan. Melalui analisis 10 artikel tentang keterampilan membaca anak SD yang terpublish pada jurnal yang terakreditasi. Artikel-artikel tersebut menceritakan tentang kemampuan membaca siswa SD. Dalam peneletian menggunakan metode SLR (Sistmatic Literature Review) sehingga di dapatkan sebuah konsep tentang kemampuan membaca pada siswa SD.
Performance Analysis of a Three-Axle Rigid Minecart in The Oil and Gas Suspension System under Variable Conditions
Authors: Basher Md Khairul , Islam Md Tariqul , Joarder Akash , Ahmed Md Niaz
Published: January 2025

This research article investigates the nonlinear characteristics of a three-axle rigid mine car equipped with a balanced hydro-pneumatic suspension system and the influential factors affecting these characteristics. Through extensive simulation calculations, the performance of the suspension system was assessed under obstacle-crossing trench conditions. A comprehensive multi-signal data acquisition and analysis system was developed to synchronously collect critical parameters such as pressure displacement within the oil and gas suspension cylinder and stress and strain data from the supporting structure. The resulting time-domain curves captured variations in these parameters during testing at speeds of 10 km/h and 25 km/h on flat surfaces and obstacles with specified dimensions. The interaction between the suspension cylinder’s loading capacity and operational characteristics was evaluated, revealing a significant inverse relationship between pressure and displacement, particularly within the front suspension system. Stress analysis indicated high stress concentrations at critical points during obstacle crossings, suggesting areas for potential performance improvements. Additionally, findings demonstrated that maximum stress in the cylinder support occurs during dynamic loading conditions, highlighting the need for reinforced designs under such scenarios. Collectively, this comprehensive analysis lays the groundwork for enhancing the robustness of oil and gas suspension systems in mining vehicles, contributing valuable insights for their future development.
Analyzing students’ choices: Blackboard teaching vs. PowerPoint presentations
Authors: Vala Nileshwari , Koradia Krup , Vachhani Madhuri
Published: January 2025

Background:
PowerPoint presentation is a novel method of teaching used widely now a days. Still popularity of traditional chalk and board method remains the same among many teachers and students. Many researchers have noted that PowerPoint presentations often function as a one-way communication tool, which can quickly bore students. While chalk and board method was found more interactive and live.

Aim:
This study was designed to know the perceptions and preferences of the students for Chalk & board vs PowerPoint presentation method.

Methods:
This is an institution based cross-sectional study. Total 224 students participated in the study. They were taught same topic by same teacher for same duration of time on two different sessions conducted on different days. After completion of the sessions a questionnaire was given to the students. Score was calculated to compare both the methods.

Results:
Mean score of Chalk and board method was 37.4 ± 11.6 while mean score for PowerPoint method was 29 ± 11.3. This difference was statistically significant. 58.9% students preferred chalk and board method overall compared to 41.1% students preferred PowerPoint presentations.

Conclusion:
Chalk and board method is more preferred as compared to PowerPoint presentation.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO NA CONSTATAÇÃO DOS FOCOS DE CALOR NO CERRADO PARA FINS DE FISCALIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Júnior Goiamar Regino Magalhães , Souza João Alves Batista de
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo tem como intento demonstrar a importância e a necessidade da técnica do Sensoriamento Remoto, Geoprocessamento e os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas na prevenção, combate e fiscalização dos crimes ambientais, em especial os incêndios (dolosos e culposos) no Cerrado Tocantinense, através da compreensão do processo técnico de processamento de imagens de satélite. Diagramar as dificuldades encontradas pelo Batalhão de Polícia Militar Ambiental da Polícia Militar do Estado do Tocantins (BPMA) na detecção dos focos de calor, no monitoramento, e na fiscalização e autuação dos possíveis crimes no Cerrado no Estado do Tocantins. Pesquisar as aplicações e utilização do sensoriamento remoto e os sistemas de informações geográficas, incluindo trabalhos realizados em outros Estados. Evidencia a fundamentação legal sobre os crimes contra a Flora. Demonstra a necessidade da criação de um Plano de Fiscalização Ambiental por parte do BPMA.
POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE: EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE EM HOSPITAIS
Authors: Rodrigues Juliano dos Santos , Conterno Solange de Fátima Reis , Reis Alessandra Crystian Engles dos , Rodrigues Rosa Maria
Published: January 2025

Objetivos: Identificar como tem ocorrido a Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) em hospitais e verificar se a Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS) tem dado sustentação à EPS. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Base de dados em Enfermagem. Foram sistematizadas Análises lexicográficas de Especificidades, Análise Fatorial por Correspondência (AFC), e a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) a partir de 48 artigos de 2017 a 2022, com o software IRAMUTEQ®. Resultados: Destacaram-se os estudos qualitativos 26 (54,17%) e os relatos de experiência 9 (18,75%); nível de evidência VI com 45 (93,75%); a PNPS foi o suporte teórico-metodológico em 35 (72,92%) artigos. Foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Bardin, segmentos de texto de seis classes, da CHD emergindo as categorias: Elementos que podem potencializar a Educação Permanente; A educação permanente e a qualidade do cuidado; Educação Permanente e a Segurança do paciente; Estratégias para realização da Educação Permanente; Incorporação das concepções sobre EPS emergentes da vivência da EP e; Dificuldades na implementação da EP. A AFC evidenciou a classe sobre as dificuldades na realização da EP. Conclusão: A PNEPS orienta a maioria dos estudos e práticas de EPS que busca a qualidade e segurança do cuidado, mas destacaram-se as dificuldades para implementá-la nos hospitais.
ANÁLISE DA DISCIPLINA “PME3400 – VIBRAÇÕES” DA ESCOLA POLITÉCNICA – UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Madio Rafael , Zachariadis Demetrio Cornilios
Published: January 2025

Com as novas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de graduação em Engenharia, as universidades deverão reestruturar os seus respectivos Currículos e Projetos Pedagógicos, utilizando a abordagem por competência. Deste modo, os planos de disciplina precisam ser revisados para atender aos novos requisitos, assim como novas formas de avalição devem ser empregadas, pois é necessário avaliar o nível das competências desenvolvidas pelos alunos. Portanto, as universidades devem estimular capacitação do corpo docente, visando aperfeiçoar e ampliar as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem para satisfazer às novas adequações. Em função disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a disciplina PME3400 – Vibrações do curso de Engenharia Mecânica da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, evidenciando possíveis ineficácias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. E por fim, através das avaliações e do questionário de avalição, obtém-se um feedback da eficácia do plano de disciplina, proporcionando ao docente um direcionamento para melhorias e adequações na sua disciplina.
Rào cản trong việc triển khai kinh tế tuần hoàn vào ngành xây dựng tại Việt Nam
Authors: Tân Nguyễn Thái , Sỹ Đỗ Tiến , Việt Nguyễn Thanh
Published: January 2025

Việc đưa mô hình kinh tế tuần hoàn (KTTH) vào ngành xây dựng ở Việt Nam là bước tiến quan trọng để thúc đẩy sự bền vững, tối ưu hóa khai thác sử dụng tài nguyên, giảm thiểu chất thải và kéo dài tuổi thọ của sản phẩm. Nhưng hiện tại, việc áp dụng KTTH đang phải đối mặt với những thách thức đáng kể, khiến việc áp dụng trở nên chậm trễ và hạn chế về quy mô. Phương pháp Chỉ số tầm quan trọng tương đối (RII) được sử dụng để phân tích dữ liệu khảo sát từ các bên liên quan. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là xác định các rào cản chính và xếp hạng tác động của rào cản đối với ngành xây dựng. Các kết quả cho thấy những thách thức chính xuất phát từ việc thiếu kiến thức chuyên môn về KTTH trong số các bên liên quan, kết hợp với những khó khăn trong việc tiếp cận thông tin và cơ hội đào tạo chuyên sâu hạn chế. Ngoài ra, chi phí đầu tư ban đầu cao và hỗ trợ tài chính thiếu làm giảm động lực áp dụng KTTH. Ngược lại, các yếu tố như hạn chế môi trường và sự hỗ trợ hạn chế của cộng đồng có tác động ít hơn. Dựa trên những phát hiện này, nghiên cứu đưa ra một số phương pháp để tăng cường sự tham gia của KTTH trong ngành xây dựng và hỗ trợ chuyển đổi bền vững tại Việt Nam.
National Drug Resilience within the Legal Framework: An Analysis of Regulation and Implementation of Law Number 17 of 2023
Authors: Tjandrawinata Raymond R. , Heliany Ina
Published: January 2025

National drug resilience is a fundamental pillar for achieving health independence and sovereignty in Indonesia. Strengthening this resilience has become a strategic mandate outlined in Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, emphasizing the critical role of producing pharmaceuticals, vaccines, medical devices, and natural-based medicines to support the national healthcare system. This article examines the regulatory aspects, implementation, and challenges of realizing national drug resilience through a normative juridical approach. The integration of progressive legal theory, utilitarianism, and the welfare state model is the primary analytical framework for evaluating policy effectiveness. This approach is reinforced by a human rights perspective, particularly the right to health as enshrined in Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution and international frameworks such as ICESCR. The findings highlight that synergy among adaptive legal policies, strengthening biodiversity-based research and innovation, and supporting local industries are key to reducing dependence on imported materials and enhancing global competitiveness. This article contributes to local legal literature by integrating legal theory with human rights frameworks in the context of pharmaceutical policy while offering practical recommendations for supporting sustainable drug resilience policies. It provides a theoretical and strategic foundation for bolstering the national healthcare system through an inclusive and progressive legal approach.
Molecular characterization, DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of Nepalese rice landraces using SSR markers
Authors:   National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center (National Genebank), NARC, Khumaltar, Kathmandu, Nepal, Joshi Bal Krishna , Shrestha Nancy , Pokhrel Rakshya , Chaudhary Raju
Published: January 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa) is the major crop of Nepal. Genetic diversity studies in rice have been conducted extensively with collections from various parts of the world, including Nepal. However, local landraces in these collections are explored on a very limited scale for novel genetic variations. The availability of wild relatives of Oryza sativa has increased interest in understanding the genetic makeup of Nepalese rice landraces. This study aimed to identify the variability in 80 rice landraces using 19 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The collection represented geographical regions suitable for rice farming in Nepal. DNA fingerprints of some landraces showed clear distinctions. The results indicated significant genetic differentiation among the rice landraces, with a possible formation of two distinct clusters. Among 19 SSR markers, only 12 have shown polymorphism. The lowest allele frequency was observed in the Tauli Satara landrace. The maximum heterozygosity was observed from the sample collected from Pyuthan district. The first coordinate explained 18.81% of the variation, while the second coordinate explained 13.16%. Overall, these findings will benefit rice breeders and conservationists in selecting parent material, managing conservation efforts both on-farm and ex-situ, and linking genetic diversity with geographical locations.
Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Molecular Typing of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among Domestic Animals in Dharan, Nepal
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal, Katuwal Rubina , Shyaula Manita ,   Biological Resource Unit, Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Lalitpur, Nepal, Shrestha Bigyan , Koirala Saroj Babu , Khanal Hemanta
Published: January 2025

Staphylococcus aureus, a commensal bacterium found on the skin, skin glands, and mucous membranes of humans and animals. It affects the skin, soft tissues, bloodstream, and lower respiratory tract, causing diseases such as endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and generalized scalded skin disease in animals. This study investigates the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of S. aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among domestic animals in Dharan, Nepal. A total of 320 skin swab samples were collected from various domestic animals, revealing a 12.5% prevalence rate of S. aureus. Strikingly, MRSA prevalence was notably high at 60% among the isolated S. aureus strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing unveiled widespread resistance to commonly used antibiotics, with notable exceptions such as vancomycin. Molecular analysis using the spa gene as a marker for strain typing detected its presence in a small subset of MRSA isolates, suggesting the possibility of human colonization and further underscoring the interconnectedness of animal and human health. Only 5% of the MRSA isolates carried the spa gene, confirmed by PCR and gel documentation in samples from buffalo skin swabs. The study highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between veterinary and human medicine sectors to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the epidemiology of S. aureus infections in livestock and advocates for stringent hygiene practices, prudent antibiotic usage, and routine veterinary monitoring to mitigate the spread of MRSA and protect public health interests.
A Comparative Study on the Phytochemical Profile, Antimicrobial Activity and Antioxidant Capacity of Flowers and Leaves from Selected Medicinal Plants
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, Kathmandu, Nepal, Bhandari Anisha , Shrestha Kanti ,   Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Lalitpur, Nepal, Parajuli Pramila ,   Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier’s College, Kathmandu, Nepal
Published: January 2025

Recently, there has been an increase in global acclaim for historically utilized medicinal plants. This study aimed to prepare 70% ethanolic extracts from various medicinal plants and evaluate their phytochemical profiles, antimicrobial properties, and antioxidant activities. Twelve medicinal plant samples (six flowers and six leaves of same medicinal plant) (Rhododendron arboreum, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, Rosa damascena, Tagetes erecta, Bougainvillea glabra and Chrysanthemum grandiflorum) were collected and processed. Standard procedures were employed to assess the phytochemical composition of these extracts. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant capacity was determined using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhyrazyl) assay. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarin, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, reducing sugars, and saponins in most of the extracts. Notably, R. damascena, T. erecta, and R. arboreum demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P), with R. damascena showing the strongest inhibition across all concentrations (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/ml), with the highest inhibition zone of 20 mm at 400 mg/ml. However, no extracts displayed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Escherichia coli. Regarding antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid had an IC50 value of 7.928 µg/ml, while the plant extracts showed varying levels of antioxidant potential, with R. damascena leaf extract having the lowest IC50 value of 21.10 µg/ml and C. grandiflorum leaf extract showing the highest IC50 value of 241.21 µg/ml. These findings indicate that the selected plants possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and their phytochemical content may contribute to their therapeutic potential.
Effect Of Different Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on the Activity of Cycloamylase (Cyclomaltodextrin Glucanotransferase) Produced By Sutclifella cohnii
Authors: Adedeji Odunayo Selimot , Abdulazeez Zainab , Oyewole Oluwafemi Adebayo , Kabiru Adamu Yusuf , Egwim Evans Chidi
Published: January 2025

Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) is an important group of microbial amylolytic enzyme that helps in the conversion of starch and other polysaccharides into cyclic oligosaccharides. This study was carried out to determine the effect of alternative carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from Sutclifella cohni. Rice- soybean water (RS), yam-soybean water (YS), rice-fish water (RF), fufu-fish water (FuF), fufu- soybean water (FuS), rice-meat water (RM), yam-meat water (YM), fufu-meat water (FuM), and yam-fish water (YF) were used as substitute for soluble potato starch in the production medium.. The different carbon and nitrogen sources studied supported the growth and production of CGTase. The optimal pH and temperature was 8.0 and 45oC, respectively. The lowest Km (4.17 mg/mL) was observed with RM as the growth medium. This study concludes that food waste could be used as substitute for soluble starch in the production of CGTase, for industrial application.
Proposal for an information-hiding model in executable files
Authors: Tong Minh Duc  , Dang Thanh Quyen  , Bui The Truyen
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the authors propose a model for hiding information in executable files on a 64-bit Windows environment based on embedding data into the empty spaces between sections in executable files. After embedding, the information does not increase the file size, does not affect the execution of the original file, and avoids false positives from antivirus programs. This hiding method is based on analyzing the file structures, the mechanism for concealing malicious code into the last section of the executable file, and the mechanism for loading files into executable memory. To enhance the security of the hidden information, data should be encrypted before embedding.
Science, Metaphoric Meaning, and Indigenous Knowledge
Authors: Elliott Frank
Published: January 2025

Western cultural approaches to teaching science have excluded Indigenous knowledges and culturally favored many non-Aboriginal science students. By asking the question “What connections exist between Western science and Indigenous knowledge?” elements of epistemological (how do we determine what is real?) and ontological (what is real?) connections can emerge for science educators. Western science as it is presented in Alberta classrooms is characterized as teaching scientism by the degree to which it excludes the presentation of other ways of knowing. The objectivity of Western science is questioned here, and aspects of Indigenous knowledge are suggested that coincide with and can support science teaching. The concept of indeterminacy and flux as suggested by Bohm (1980), Little Bear (2004), and Peat (2002) form a nexus where Western scientific epistemologies and ontologisms are congruent with Indigenous knowledge. Metaphoric meaning is suggested as one useful area of congruence for science education praxis.
Federal-Provincial Business Tax Reforms: A Growth Agenda with Competitive Rates and a Neutral Treatment of Business Activities
Authors: Chen Duanjie , Mintz Jack M.
Published: January 2025

As the federal and provincial governments look to create jobs and attract business investment, productivity-enhanced business tax structures are in high order. Tax structures that combine internationally competitive tax rates on neutral tax bases foster long-term economic growth and generate sustainable tax revenue.
This report examines tax policy in Canada over the past few years, specifically its impact on capital investment, labour and the cost of doing business across provinces and industries. Suggestions for tax reform are provided.
Is Social Licence A Licence To Stall?
Authors: Lowey Mark
Published: January 2025

The School of Public Policy at the University of Calgary organized a one-day symposium on Oct. 8, 2014 in Calgary, as part of the School’s TransCanada Corporation Energy Policy and Regulatory Frameworks Program. The symposium was titled “Is Social License a License to Stall?” Held at the Hotel Arts, the event attracted a full-capacity audience of about 110 people, including representatives from industry, government and environmental non-government organizations. The symposium included four moderated panel sessions and a keynote speaker at lunch. The School of Public Policy set the framework for discussion at the Calgary symposium with the following description: Canada’s regulators act in the public interest to review energy and infrastructure project applications. Regulators are guided by procedural fairness and follow a transparent application, review and hearing process with data filings and sworn testimony. But that’s changing. “Social license” is a relatively new term, which some interests are using to create a different standard for the approval of projects — especially energy projects. According to social license advocates, projects must meet often ill-defined requirements set up by non-governmental organizations, local residents or other interests — a new hurdle for project approval, but without the rigour and rule of law of a regulator. Is social license a meaningful addition to the regulatory process, or is it being used as a constantly moving goal-post designed to slow down regulatory processes, delay project implementation, frustrate energy infrastructure expansion and even enrich those advocates who promote it as a new model? This paper summarises the discussion and the themes that emerged throughout the day. Most notably, panellists concluded that “social licence” is a real and significant issue that presents both an opportunity and a problem, not only for regulators but for all parties involved in the regulatory process.
Who is Getting a Carbon-Tax Rebate?
Authors: Winter Jennifer , Dobson Sarah
Published: January 2025

With its 2016 budget, the Government of Alberta laid out the basic details of the carbon tax rebate. The rebate is constructed to increase based on household size, and will decrease with income after a pre-set cutoff. The government has stated six in 10 households will be eligible for a full rebate, with an additional six per cent receiving a partial rebate. This paper examines the income distribution of Albertans, to determine how the rebate and income cutoffs affect different types of Alberta families. Using easily available data from Statistics Canada, we shed light on the question of who will receive a carbon-tax rebate. Based on 2013 data on median incomes, single-parent families, elderly families and single Albertans are all groups where a majority of households will receive rebates. In some cases, it appears well over 50 per cent of those groups will receive a full rebate. However, fewer than 50 per cent of Alberta families that are couples (with and without children) will receive a rebate. Still, even those that get a rebate will not necessarily exactly break even against the additional costs they incur from a carbon tax. Interestingly, the lowest-income households, which are most likely to qualify for a rebate, appear to be in a position where they will receive a larger refund than they will pay in carbon taxes. For households where incomes fall in the middle of the provincial distribution, the data suggest that the rebate will come close to compensating for additional costs of the carbon tax, although it may fall slightly short. The analysis presented below is a first pass at a very important question facing Albertans. When data from the 2016 census becomes available, we will be much better able to evaluate which Albertans will be eligible for the rebate. The census will enable a more precise evaluation of whether the rebate matches the government’s 66 per cent goal.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A IDENTIDADE DE PROFESSORES QUE ATUAM EM EAD
Authors: Dos Reis Edna
Published: January 2025

A Educação a Distância (EaD) no Brasil já data de algum tempo, o que faz pensar sobre a construção da identidade de professores que atuam nessa modalidade de ensino. O trabalho docente às vezes é compreendido apenas pela sua dimensão técnica, deixando à margem a sua condição humana. Discutir a ação do professor na escola somente pelo seu caráter instrumental é abandonar e desconsiderar a importância da sua identidade pessoal e profissional no processo educativo. O objetivo deste texto é refletir e apontar proposições para a formação docente e sua identidade que trabalham na modalidade. Adotou-se a pesquisa qualitativa com dados coletados por meio de memorial descritivo e entrevistas. Os estudos sobre a profissão e a identidade docente são fundamentados por Carrolo (1997); Tardif e Lessard (2011); Castells (2010); Pimenta (1999); Giddens (2004);Tardif (2002); Meksenas (2003); Dubar (2002, 2005, 2009); Abbud e Bussmann(2002); Brzezinski (2002); Nóvoa (1997); Lawn (2001); Garcia, Hypolito e Vieira (2005). Na EaD, por outro lado, as variedades de papéis, as desvalorizações do trabalho conforme sua execução trazem uma crise da identidade, deixando-a mais fragilizada. Os resultados apontam ainda que há necessidade de uma proposta de política de identidade para os docentes que atuam na EaD. Um aspecto positivo que poderá contribuir com sua identidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem é a busca permanente de um processo dialógico que promova ação e reflexão entre os atores da EaD.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM ESCOLA PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Araújo do Nascimento Isadora , L. de M. Valim Rosa , C. P. de Moraes Regina
Published: January 2025

Objetiva-se aqui refletir sobre a necessidade de os professores de ensino fundamental realizarem formação continuada para trabalharem com jogos educativos digitais, como estratégia suplementar de apoio ao ensino híbrido, para dar conta de estimular novas competências em seus alunos. A razão disto se deve ao fato de muitas escolas demandarem estes conhecimentos de seus docentes – haja vista que o mercado vem cobrando das escolas estas novidades tecnológicas. Ademais, jogos educativos digitais são um instrumento para tornar o conteúdo estudado mais atraente aos alunos – nativos digitais – e gerar maior engajamento destes no processo de aprendizado. Os jogos educativos digitais, se usados de modo contextualizado e com intencionalidade pedagógica, servem de ferramenta de apoio ao ensino híbrido e podem se tornar grande aliados dos profissionais de educação. A metodologia da pesquisa foi a bibliográfica e participativa ativa com a realização de Rodas de Conversas com professores de ensino fundamental, anos iniciais, da rede municipal do Rio de Janeiro. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a leitura flutuante como instrumento de pré-análise, seguida de exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados por meio de inferências, estrutura proposta por Bardin (2016). Os resultados da pesquisa apontam desafios da prática docente para ministrar aulas neste novo contexto, necessitando de formação continuada para promover a imersão digital de docentes e capacitá-los para criação de jogos educativos digitais sem uso de programação, por meio de um material orientador de apoio, produto educacional desta pesquisa, contendo estratégias de utilização de jogos educativos digitais no ensino híbrido para o ensino fundamental.
A inclusão do estudante surdo na escola: análise das teorias da educação e desafios da formação docente
Authors: Almeida Laís , Lima Ezer Wellington Gomes
Published: January 2025

Este estudo, do tipo teórico-conceitual, traz uma abordagem sobre o papel das teorias da educação e sua relação com a escola inclusiva atual. Seu objetivo é fomentar reflexões acerca do ensino de surdos, vislumbrando algo para além da educação especial como modalidade da educação básica. A investigação é fruto de discussões realizadas na disciplina de Teorias da Educação Moderna e contemporânea, ofertada pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, e se justifica pela necessidade de implementação de ambientes escolares cuja produção e socialização de conhecimentos contemple a todos os estudantes, sem distinção, tendo como primícia o compromisso de promover uma educação de qualidade. A partir das reflexões aqui realizadas, pode-se concluir que a formação insuficiente dos docentes frente ao ensino e aprendizagem do aluno surdo e dos mecanismos de exclusão e banimento provocados pela sociedade, principalmente pela classe dominante, corroboram para o fracasso escolar atual. Entretanto, por ser o surdo um sujeito de direito, que está inserido em diversos contextos culturais, faz-se necessário que a escola lhe dê total apoio e suporte, por meio de uma educação que reconheça e respeite suas especificidades. Nesse sentido, o trabalho colaborativo entre professores do AEE e professores da sala de aula comum se torna fundamental para a garantia do pleno desenvolvimento e das reais necessidades de aprendizagem do aluno surdo.
A BNCC e o pensamento pedagógico: um estudo do conceito de tecnologia
Authors: Lima Maycon Thiago Droumont , Pereira Tarcísio Luiz
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo propõe investigar quais são as correspondências e discrepâncias entre o conceito de tecnologia no pensamento pedagógico sócio-histórico e o conceito de tecnologia construído pelo documento normativo que orienta a Educação Básica, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para desenvolver uma análise crítico-comparativa. Para tanto, estrutura-se por meio de uma análise comparada de conceitos assentados sob três tópicos de discussão. O primeiro investiga os fundamentos teóricos que sustentam o conceito de tecnologia nas proposições pedagógicas. O segundo investiga o conceito de tecnologia na BNCC e suas bases legais e, por fim, o terceiro entrelaça os conceitos investigados e explicitados para estabelecer as relações e distinções entre a visão da tecnologia ofertada pela base das políticas educacionais e a construção sócio-histórica de tecnologia atrelada ao pensamento pedagógico corroborando para uma crítica aos impactos ocasionados aos processos educacionais.
Fuel Wastage Analysis and Sustainable Transport Planning in Surat's Metropolitan Corridors
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering Department, PIET, Parul University , Vadodara, Bhatt Dr. Khushbu , Sharma Ankita
Published: January 2025

Urbanization is the outcome of social and economic developments that lead to urban concentration and growth of large cities, changes in land use, and travel pattern in metropolitan city. The socio-economic behavior also changes and leads to phenomenal growth of private vehicles which resulted in drastic changes in traffic as well as travel characteristics. This heavy growth of traffic will worsen transport scenario, which needs sustainable transport planning.

The research work studies the travel behavior of people in metropolitan Surat City. For the present study field surveys are done to analyze wastage of fuel at a congested corridor of Surat city. For residential zone surveys adopted are Traffic Volume Count to get the peak hour. To study various other aspects of fuel consumption, analysis was done during the peak hours by finding the idling of vehicles at a junction.

Based on the above studies, it is been found that use of private vehicles is high as compared to public transport due to which planning refines the travel pattern and effects the environment. So as a result some traffic management techniques have been suggested as a conclusion of the paper.

Key Word: Fuel Wastage, Travel demand, Congestion, Vehicle delay