bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First Written Communist Constitutions in China and Hungary and the Influence of the 1936 Soviet Constitution: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Lu Da
Published: August 2020

Following World War II, a series of Conferences were held among the great powers. Hungary, along with its neighboring countries, had to join the socialist bloc and transformed itself into a socialist system. The Communist Party adopted the communist Constitution as soon as they won the parliamentary election. In the Far East, the Chinese Communist Party also promulgated its Constitution after the first election of the National People’s Republic. In this article, the author will firstly examine how the Constitution adopted between China and Hungary followed by a comparative analysis of the two Constitutions will be employed. The author will give special attention on the text and structure of the Constitution in the respective countries. In the end, the relations with Soviet Union between China and Hungary influenced the two Constitutions will be considered.
Looking for the Kennformen of the Italian verb paradigm. An experimental study
Authors: Bertinetto Pier Marco , Finocchiaro Chiara , Rastelli Clara
Published: August 2020

It is generally assumed that, within an inflectional paradigm, some forms are cognitively more salient than others. Although this effect is the result of various concomitant factors to which all forms of the given paradigm concur, the existence of salient forms is crucial to assist the speaker in predicting the remaining forms of the paradigm. The notion of ‘salient form(s)’ was implicit in the so-called Kennform(en) proposed by Wolfgang Ullrich Wurzel as inflectional class marker(s). A possible candidate to salience is the so-called citation-form, i.e. the form by means of which lexemes are referred to in a dictionary, but this should be checked on a language-by-language basis. The present paper addresses the task of defining the most salient form(s) within the Italian verb paradigm. By means of three lexical decision experiments, the performance on the Infinitive (the citation-form) was compared with the performance on its most likely competitors, i.e. the Present Indicative 3SG, which is the most frequent form of most verbs, and the Present Indicative 1SG, which is selected as citation-form in some lexicographic traditions. The results indicate that the Infinitive and the Present Indicative 3SG prevail over the Present Indicative 1SG – as well as on various other forms used as controls and fillers in the experiments – but do not differ from each other. This offers an interesting insight into the organization of a complex verb paradigm, such as the Italian one. In particular, it shows that salience depends on the interaction of various morphological and psycholinguistic factors, whose relative weight is a function of the specific language considered.
A duális képzésben részt vevő hallgatók gyakorlati kompetenciáinak mérési és értékelési lehetőségei
Authors: Kozák Anita , Csugány Julianna , Tánczos Tamás
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A versenyszféra által támasztott gyakorlatorientált felsőoktatás iránti igény
hívta életre hazánkban is a duális formában zajló képzéseket. Jelen tanulmány
célja a duális képzésben részt vevő hallgatók gyakorlati kompetenciáinak
mérésére és értékelésére irányuló felmérés koncepcionális kereteinek
felvázolása, mely az Eszterházy Károly Egyetemen duális képzési formában is
választható 12 szakon tanuló hallgatók körében kerül megvalósításra. A
kompetenciamérést a felsőoktatási intézmény a gyakorlóhelyekkel együttműködve
végzi el kérdőíves felmérés, értékelő központ és tereptanári értékelés
alapján.
Gazdasági, társadalmi és egyéni értékteremtés a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Király Gábor , Géring Zsuzsanna
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A felsőoktatási intézményeknek mind hazai, mind nemzetközi téren sok különböző
érintetti csoport igényeinek kell megfelelniük. Ezek a különböző elvárások
más-más társadalmi szerephez és felelősséghez kapcsolódnak. Írásunkban három
ilyen kihívást emelünk ki, és mutatjuk be a rájuk adott domináns válaszokat.
Egyrészt röviden bemutatjuk a vállalkozó egyetem koncepcióját, mint a gazdasági
érték képzésének motorját. Másrészt a foglalkoztathatóság – egyéni értékteremtés
– kérdéskörével kapcsolatban tárgyaljuk a képzéshez és fejlesztéshez kötődő
kihívásokat és az ezekre adott válaszokat. Harmadrészt a társadalmi
értékteremtés témáját érintve bemutatjuk a bevonással kapcsolatos törekvéseket,
ezen belül is a nyitott tudomány megközelítését. Mindezek felvetik a kérdést,
hogy milyen intézményi keret lenne a legalkalmasabb ilyen sokszínű célrendszer
kezelésére. Véleményünk szerint – és különösen a hazai felsőoktatási intézmények
számára – nemcsak a homogenitás, azaz a meglévő példák és formák átvétele és
követése lehet a járható út, hanem a heterogenitásban rejlő lehetőségek
kiaknázása, azaz a sajátosságok megkeresése, valamint az egyedi, a lokális
környezetbe illeszkedő, de nemzetközileg is életképes modellek kialakítása.
Felsőoktatás-irányítási és egyetemi kormányzási trendek Európában
Authors: Keczer Gabriella
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A tanulmány az elmúlt évtizedek legfontosabb jelenségeit és változásait mutatja
be az európai felsőoktatás kormányzati irányításában és az egyetemek
kormányzásában. Foglalkozik a rendszerszinttel, azaz a kormányzati
felsőoktatás-irányítás eszközeivel és tendenciáival, valamint az intézményi
szinttel, azaz a belső irányítás – kormányzás, menedzsment – kérdéseivel, és a
két dimenzió összefüggéseivel. Az elemzés a kormányzati magatartással
összefüggésben kitér az egyetemek autonómiájának alakulására, a belső irányítás
kapcsán részletesen foglalkozik az irányító testületekkel és a külső tagok
szerepével. Az eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy bár az elmúlt évtizedben
radikális változások nem következtek be az egyetemek irányításában – kivételt
éppen Magyarország képez –, számos országban jellemző az útkeresés, illetve a
finomhangolás.
Az intézményi működési keretek átalakítási kísérletei a magyar felsőoktatásban
Authors: Derényi András
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A felsőoktatási intézmények szerepváltozásai, a harmadik misszió feltűnése és
erősödése és az ezeknek megfelelő vagy ezekhez igazodó irányítási megoldások,
működési keretek, az állam és a felsőoktatási intézmények viszonyának alakulása
több évtizede témája a felsőoktatás-politika változásával, az irányítás
kérdéseivel foglalkozó kutatóknak, szerzőknek (Clark 1983; Etkowitz
1997; Clark 1998; van Vaught–de Boer 2015; Gronitzka–Massen–de Boer
2017, hogy csak néhány ismertebbre utaljunk). A hazai kutatókat is
foglalkoztatta ez a témakör (Barakonyi, Hrubos, Keczer, Kováts, Polónyi számos
írása), ami bőséges muníciót ad a kutatásra, ugyanis az irányítás és az
intézményi státus kérdéseivel rendre együtt járnak az intézmények
kormányzásának, vezetési struktúrájának és finanszírozásának a kérdései is. Az
intézményi működési keretek alakítására irányuló magyar felsőoktatás-politikai
törekvések hosszabb időszakot átfogó áttekintésére azonban csak kevesen
vállalkoztak (Polónyi 2009; Veres 2016a, 2016b). Jelen írás
arra tesz kíséreltet, hogy áttekintse az elmúlt három évtized törekvéseit és
fejleményeit e téren, keresve a jellegzetes azonosságokat vagy épp sajátos
különbségeket.
„Vezetékszerelés” – rögtönzések a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Szabó Tibor
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A tanulmány a hazai kancellári rendszer bevezetésének okait és következményeit
keresi. A költségvetési felügyelők körében végzett kutatással arra a
megállapításra jut, hogy a kancellári rendszer bevezetése természetes folyamat
része. Durva és gyors bevezetését feltehetően az okozta, hogy a magyar
felsőoktatás irányítói a korábban alkalmazott vezetési modellt javíthatatlannak
és végzetesen elavultnak tartották. Az alkalmazott modell a rektori hatásköröket
a kancellártól függővé és jórészt formálissá teszi. Az átalakítás változtat az
állami felsőoktatási intézmények szervezeti tulajdonságain, csökkenti az
önigazgatás súlyát. Teljesítménymérések nélkül ugyanakkor lehetetlen
megállapítani, hogy a változások iránya, mértéke jobb vagy rosszabb
intézményeket jelent.
Lengyel és magyar vezető testületek a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Rónay Zoltán , Antonowicz Dominik , Jaworska Marta
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

A tanulmány két viszonylag új felsőoktatási reformot vizsgál Lengyelországban és
Magyarországon. Mindkettő egyfajta board (felügyelő testület) bevezetésére
irányult különböző elnevezéssel. Az összehasonlító tanulmány alapja a két ország
közös (kommunista) múltja, földrajzi helyzete (kelet-közép-európai térség) és a
humboldti egyetemi modell öröksége. Az elemzés a reformok előzményeinek
bemutatása után magát a két nemzeti reformot vizsgálja, megvilágítva a
különbségeket és hasonlóságokat a lengyel egyetemi tanács és a magyar
konzisztórium felépítése, hatásköre és felelőssége, valamint az egyetemi
autonómiához való viszonya tekintetében. Ezzel is hozzá kíván járulni a
boardizmusról jelenleg folyó szakmai diskurzushoz, értékelvén annak bevezetését
e két (hasonló) nemzeti felsőoktatásban.
Preprocessing approaches in DTW based online signature verification
Authors: Saleem Mohammad , Kovari Bence
Published: August 2020

Amongst different approaches, dynamic time warping has shown promising results during the online signature verification competitions of previous years. To improve the results of dynamic time warping, different preprocessing steps may be applied and different dimensions of the samples may be compared. The choice of preprocessing steps and comparing dimensions may significantly influence the results. Thus, to aid researchers with these decisions, a comparison made between the results of promising preprocessing algorithms as horizontal scaling, vertical scaling and alignment using dynamic time warping in different dimensions and their combinations on two datasets (SVC2004 and MCYT-100). The results showed that preprocessing methods made a very promising improvement in the verification accuracy.
The potential of building information modeling in civil engineering
Authors: Smetanková Jana , Mesároš Peter , Mandicák Tomáš
Published: August 2020

Civil engineering industry represents important industry segment, which deals with building, performing and managing construction and business. In this sector, more and more pressure is generated for raising the effectiveness and productivity. Main tool, which supports the effectiveness and productivity, is process automation. Building information modeling represents intelligent process based on a model, which offers civil engineering specialists an overview and tools for effective planning, building blueprint, building management and infrastructure. Primary building information modeling goal is to create the uniform environment, which allows managing the life-cycle of building. Result of this work in enlisted environment is a multi-dimensional model, which carries all the information. This article deals with building information modeling issues, specifically with its dimensions and brings short description of each dimension and actual level of using the 5th dimension (cost estimating) in Visegrad Four countries. Level of 5D usage is demonstrated through surveys which were realized in Visegrad Four countries, and offers an overview of current implementation status in these countries.
Photogrammetry possibilities and rules focusing on architectural usage
Authors: Rák Olivér , Szilágyi Dorottya
Published: August 2020

The article is presenting a consideration of the photogrammetry technology in the field of architectural usage. The technology overview is describing a basic knowledge to support the professionals. The processes, rules and best practices are examined through case studies, which introduce a dwelling house, an old precast concrete hall and a landscape surveying to cover most of the architectural usage. The purpose of the research is to give guidance for technical possibilities and assists in the development of the methodologies. The main part of the article is focusing on unmanned aerial vehicles as these tools provide many useful features.
Acoustical aspects of the reconstruction of a historical building with closed courtyard
Authors: Horn Valéria V. , Dudas Annamaria
Published: August 2020

The Szentgyörgyi-Horváth-house is one of the major historical buildings of Balatonfüred. The design of the reconstruction was preceded by detailed architectural historical study. The reconstruction of the building was realized by retaining the original structures. For the new function the building was equipped with an air-conditioning engine-room. The air conditioner is a significant source of noise for the apartments facing the courtyard of the building, due to its continuous operation. The acoustic examination of the enclosed yard was calculated with two different approaches. The distance-dependent approximation, which is usual for large halls, was approved. Building construction structures were determined based on the results to meet the acoustic requirements.
Archaeometric study of the historic terrazzo pavement of Prince Mohamed Ali Museum, Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Khedr Mohammed S. A. , Ali Mona F. , Kamel Abdullah M. A. , El-Ghanam Manal A. A.
Published: August 2020

This research will shed light on studying a terrazzo pavement in Prince Mohamed Ali Museum (the case study). The authors used visual inspection, stereo microscope, USB microscope, XRPD analysis, and SEM.EDX to identify its components, deterioration aspects and execution techniques. The XRPD and SEM.EDX results revealed that Portland cement was used in the three layers of terrazzo because of the detection of Hatrurite, Alite, Anorthite, Albite, Aragonite, etc. Many pigments were used in the topping terrazzo layer as; Goethite, Greenalite, Hematite, Azurite and Magnetite. The divider strips were made of brass alloy and the topping layer chips were prepared from basalt, marble and sea shells.
Transformation of living spaces – Changes in functional aspect
Authors: Sylejmani Mimoza
Published: August 2020

Ensuring the provision of suitable living units remains one of the most challenging issues among the architects. The economic conditions in Kosovo represent one of the factors that influenced the functional and spatial change in multi-apartment buildings. Taking into account the passing of time, economic conditions, the requirements and needs of the communities change, those affects change in the functional and spatial aspect. The construction of multi-apartment and individual buildings, as well as other buildings with other uses in the center of the cities represents a delicate issue. On the other hand, the need for reconstruction and re-destination of usage of the existing residential buildings is becoming an important topic for the society in Kosovo. The issue is somewhat sensitive regarding the multi-apartment residential buildings, given that the usable surface is increasingly limited. The next challenge for the architects will be the treatment of the existing areas, their adaption in harmony with the requirements of the new generations, social changes that Kosovo is dealing with. The entire endeavor to reach a more comfortable solution is realized through treatment of the residential spaces not only in function wise, as well as in the exterior, through the transparence in architecture. The aim of the paper is to show transformation of the living spaces through real example, in Prishtina.
Sensitivity analysis of soil parameters and their impact on runoff-erosion processes
Authors: Honek David , Németová Zuzana , Kohnová Silvia , Šulc Michalková Monika
Published: August 2020

The modeling of soil erosion processes is affected by several factors that reflect the physical-geographic conditions of the study site together with the land use linkage. The soil parameters are significant in the modeling of erosion and also runoff processes. The correct determination of a soil's parameters becomes a crucial part of the model's calibration. This paper deals with a sensitivity analysis of seven soil input parameters to the physically-based Erosion 3D model. The results show the variable influence of each soil parameter. The Erosion 3D model is very sensitive to initial soil moisture, bulk density, and erodibility.
Los Angeles index and water absorption capacity of crushed aggregates
Authors: Abed Mohammed , Nemes Rita
Published: August 2020

The mechanical and physical properties of the crushed aggregate have been studied. The properties of crushed aggregate, which produced from recycled aggregate concrete is not discussed in the literature yet despite it could be a choice in some circumstances like in case of demolishing the structures that already constructed by recycled aggregate concrete. Twenty-two types of self-compacting high-performance concrete made by coarse natural aggregate and coarse recycle concrete aggregate have been crushed and their properties have been studied. The main findings of the present study that, the Los Angeles index and water absorption of crushed aggregate is affected by the coarse recycled concrete aggregate dosage in its parent concrete, as well as, incorporating cement replacing materials in parent concrete help to enhance the abrasion resistance of crushed aggregate.
Seismic retrofit of steel frame structures
Authors: Ismail Magdy
Published: August 2020

Moment resisting frames are considered as an effective seismic force resisting system that is used for steel structures. Some of these structures that were built in high seismic hazard zones were designed according to old strength-based design codes. Currently, these structures do not meet the requirements of the new seismic codes. Therefore, the seismic retrofit of these structures is mandatory and cannot be overlooked. Steel braces and concrete-steel composite elements are common solutions for enhancing the seismic behavior of existing steel frame structures. This paper presents a numerical study that evaluates different possible techniques for the seismic retrofit of existing steel moment-resisting frame structures. The study investigates the performance of three multi-story buildings with different heights that are located in a high seismic hazard zone. Three retrofit techniques were introduced including; 1) X-Steel braces, 2) buckling restrained composite braces, and 3) composite concrete-steel plate shear walls. The seismic performance enhancement of the studied structures was evaluated in terms of the structure’s fundamental period, maximum inter-story drift and maximum base shear-to-weight ratios. Moreover, the cost of retrofitting material was estimated for each technique and they were compared to select the retrofit technique with the least constitutive material cost.
Comfort simulation supported sketch plan optimization of the University of Pécs, Medical School extension
Authors: Noémi Zetz Dóra , Kistelegdi István
Published: August 2020

During sketch design stage for the new block of the University of Pécs, Medical School comfort and lighting simulations were applied to quantify optimization strategies. Simulation cases about shading possibilities, façade glazing ratios and internal heat storage masses evaluate the impact of illumination, solar gains, loads and heat transmission on visual and thermal comfort. The goal was to select the most favorable comfort, coupled with maximum reduction of investment costs. Concepts represent 14% (shading), 10% (reduced wall-window ratio), 11% (slabs without suspended ceilings), and 17% (combined wall-window ratio and thermal mass) improvement in thermal comfort performance, and it was proposed for further design.
Optimum window position in the building façade for high day-light performance: Empirical study in hot and dry climate
Authors: Rais Messaouda , Elhadad Sara , Boumerzoug Adel , Baranyai Bálint
Published: August 2020

Day-lighting studies in buildings play a major role in indoor environmental investigation and can be conducted at the early stages of building design. Window position significantly affects day-lighting performance. This paper assessed the impacts of the window position on the visual comfort through two main factors; daylight factor and light uniformity in the hot and dry climate zone. In this study different window positions have been examined to achieve optimal visual comfort, using a dynamic simulation through Vi-suit plugin for Blender 3D software that controls the external application Radiance software. The results revealed that the window position at sill start from 1.4 m of a room characterized by (4.30 m × 3.00 m × 3.00 m) is the best compromising solution that complies with the daylight factor and light uniformity standards in the indoor environment. The findings of this study provide a more detailed and comprehensive analysis of the window design for architects/designers in the early building design stages in the hot and dry climate region.
A Priori Estimation of Potential Degeneration of Continuous Multichannel Dynamic Systems
Authors: Dudarenko Natalia , Vunder Nina
Published: August 2020

The problem of a priory control of potential degeneration of continuous multichannel dynamic systems is considered in the paper. Degeneracy is a property of a system describing operability of a multichannel dynamic system together with the basic properties of stability, reliability and invariance to the changing conditions. An assessment of potential generation of a system and its configuration together with the interconnections and polynomial exogenous signal is proposed. Degeneration process of a multichannel dynamic systems is a process of the rank reducing of the linear operator of the system. This statement is a basic concept of the degeneration factors approach. Algebraic properties of the matrix of the system’s operator is considered, and the matrix is named as the criterion matrix. Degeneration factor is calculated with the singular values of the criterion matrix. The global degeneration factor is conditional number of the criterion matrix of a system. In contrast to previous solutions it is proposed to form the criterion matrix of a system with the resolvent of its state matrix. Deparameterization of the linear algebraic problem is realized by additive decomposition of the output vector of the system by derivatives of the exogenous signal, and the steady-state mode of the system is considered. The procedure of a priori estimation of degeneration of continuous multichannel dynamic systems is proposed. The ways to achieve the required value of degeneration of the criterion matrix of the system with the modal control methods are discussed. The paper is supported with examples.
On smooth approximation of probabilistic criteria in stochastic programming problems
Authors: Sobol Vitaliy , Torishnyi Roman
Published: August 2020

In this paper we study one of the possible variants of smooth approximation of probability criteria in stochastic programming problems. The research is applied to the optimization problems of the probability function and the quantile function for the loss functional depending on the control vector and one-dimensional absolutely continuous random variable. In this paper we study one of the possible variants of smooth approximation of probability criteria in stochastic programming problems. The research is applied to the optimization problems of the probability function and the quantile function for the loss functional depending on the control vector and one-dimensional absolutely continuous random variable.  The main idea of the approximation is to replace the discontinuous Heaviside function in the integral representation of the probability function with a smooth function having such properties as continuity, smoothness, and easily computable derivatives. An example of such a function is the distribution function of a random variable distributed according to the logistic law with zero mean and finite dispersion, which is a sigmoid. The value inversely proportional to the root of the variance is a parameter that provides the proximity of the original function and its approximation. This replacement allows us to obtain a smooth approximation of the probability function, and for this approximation derivatives by the control vector and by other parameters of the problem can be easily found.  The article proves the convergence of the probability function approximation obtained by replacing the Heaviside function with the sigmoidal function to the original probability function, and the error estimate of such approximation is obtained. Next, approximate expressions for the derivatives of the probability function by the control vector and the parameter of the function are obtained, their convergence to the true derivatives is proved under a number of conditions for the loss functional. Using known relations between derivatives of probability functions and quantile functions, approximate expressions for derivatives of quantile function by control vector and by the level of probability are obtained. Examples are considered to demonstrate the possibility of applying the proposed estimates to the solution of stochastic programming problems with criteria in the form of a probability function and a quantile function, including in the case of a multidimensional random variable.
Optimization of L-asparaginase production from Escherichia coli using response surface methodology
Authors: Hien Trang Nguyen Thi , Thanh Hoang Le , Tuyen Do Thi
Published: August 2020

Among the antitumor drugs, bacterial enzyme L-asparaginase has been employed as the most effective chemotherapeutic agent in pediatric oncotherapy especially for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In previous study, the L-asparaginase from Erwinia chrysanthermy was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The recombinant L-asparaginase was produced from recombinant E.coli BL21(DE3) under different cultivation conditions (inducer concentration, inoculum concentration and KH2PO4 concentration). The optimized conditions by response surface methodology using face centered central composite design. The analysis of variance coupled with larger value of R2 (0.9) showed that the quadratic model used for the prediction was highly significant (p < 0.05). Under the optimized conditions, the model produced L-asparaginase activity of 123.74 U/ml at 1.03 mM IPTG, 3% (v/v) inoculum and 0.5% (w/v) KH2PO4. Recombinant protein was purified by two step using gel filtration and DEAE chromatography. The purified L-asparaginase had a molecular mass of 37 kDa with specific activity of 462 U/mg and identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Results of MALDI-TOF analysis confirmed that recombinant protein was L-asparaginase II. Recombinant L-asparaginase has antiproliferative activity with K562 cell line. In conclusion, this study has innovatively developed cultivation conditions for better production of recombinant L-asparaginase in shake flask culture.
Investigating the genetic variability of 12 Vietnamese rice accessions (Oryza sativa L.) in response to phosphorus deficiency
Authors: Mai Nga T P , Ngan Nguyen Huyen , Hiep Nguyen Van , Linh Duong Viet , Nguyen Phuong , Chung Mai Duc , Lebrun Michel , Mai To Huong Thi
Published: August 2020

Phosphate is the second major factor limiting on crop productivity and leads to various physiological disorders that would consequently affect plant development. In response to phosphate starvation, plants have to improve their root systems for efficiently acquired phosphate. In Vietnam, rice is one of the most important agricultural crops in which 60% of the rain-fed lowland rice is cultured on soil types, which are low in phosphorus or phosphate fixing. This fact along with the scenario in which phosphate resources are running out in fast pace, highly provoked an indispensible need for developing new rice varieties with high productivity under low phosphate condition. An emerging approach in order to accomplish this goal is through genetic improvement of local rice resources. Taking advantage of that, in this study, out of 182 sequenced Vietnamese rice accessions, 12 representatives from 3 distinguishing rice groups: Indica, Japonica and admix Indica subgroup were chosen. The variation in number of crown root, root length, shoot length, root mass, shoot mass, chlorophyll content and root anatomy were examined as parameters to analyze the effect of phosphorus deficiency (1 µM) compare to full phosphate medium (300 µM). The minimum number of plantlets used for each condition was 15. Each genotype was grown in Yoshida hydroponic medium (changed every 4 days, harvesting was made after 14 days). The experimental results showed a remarkable variation of different rice accessions in response to phosphate deficiency. The starvation of phosphate significantly affected almost all examined traits in which several accessions such as G38, G93, G165, G223, G62 accessions were potential hypersensitive and G11, G177 accessions were potential tolerant to P deficiency. These results are interesting and encouraging to further research for screening our Vietnamese rice collection in order to identify the set of potential genes responsible for tolerance in phosphorus starvation condition.
. In vitro propagation of the new orchid Dendrobium trankimianum T. Yukawa
Authors: Yon Nie Bing H’ , Thi Tham Dang , Thai Vinh Tran , Van Hoi Quach , Kim Cong Vu , Duy Nong Van
Published: August 2020

Dendrobium trankimianum T. Yukawa is a beautiful, endemic orchid of Vietnam, a new species with a first - published description in 2004. It is very rare and expected to be added to the IUCN Red List status - CR. In vitro studies of orchid D. trankimianum T. Yukawa were conducted in order to conserve and increase the genetic pool of this precious wild orchid species. The results showed that full-strength MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA (10.24 PLBs/explant; 90.11% explants formed PLBs) or full-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA (14.11 PLBs/explant; 92.06% explants formed PLBs) were the most suitable for protocorm formation. For subculture, suitable growth of shoots were obtained on full-strength MS medium supplemented 1.5 mg/L BA (22.35 shoots/explant; shoots length of 1.96 cm) and full-strength MS medium supplemented with 60 g ripe banana per liter (25.11 shoots/explant; shoots length of 2.12 cm). The shoots in vitro were transferred to half-strength MS supplemented with different concentrations of IAA, IBA and NAA to investigate root formation. The best rooting occurred at 0,5 mg/L NAA (7.91 roots/shoot; root length of 4.01 cm; 98.51% root formation). The plantlets with uniform growth were planted on different substrate: Eco clean soil, Coconut fiber, Fern fiber, 50% Rice husk in combination with 50% Eco clean soil for research the most suitable substrate. After 60 days of transplantion and acclimatization, the result showed that Fern fiber was suitable substrate for plantlet growth in a nursery garden (8.0 roots/ explant; root length of 5.5 cm; survival rate of 93.29%).
Role of GmNAC019 transcription factor in salinity and drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ha Vy Thai , Cao Nguyen Nguyen , Lan Xuan Hoang Thi , Phuong Thao Nguyen
Published: August 2020

Increasingly severe drought and salinity stress due to global climate change have made these stresses bigger threats to ecosystem and agriculture. Previous studies reported that GmNAC019, a soybean NAC transcription factor - encoding gene, displayed induced expression upon drought treatment in wild-type cultivars. In this study, drought and salinity stresses were applied on GmNAC019-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants to verify the contribution of GmNAC019 in regulating plant response to the stress conditions. Results from the water loss rate and survival rate assays revealed that the transgenic line conferred improved tolerance to drought stress as evidenced by lower leaf water loss and significantly higher rate of survival than seen in the wild-type plants. Similarly, the survival rate assay for testing salinity effects on plants by growing the plants on MS medium supplemented with different NaCl concentrations also indicated that the transgenic plants had a better tolerance to salt stress as they displayed lower rate of root growth inhibition and higher survival rate. Taken these results altogether, it is suggested that GmNAC019 might play important role in aiding plant response to drought and salinity stresses. Specific functions of this gene should be elaborated in future studies to evaluate its potential application for crop improvement.
The endogenous responses during the flowering stage of Torenia fournieri L. under LED light
Authors: Tran Tuan Trong , Tuong Han Doan Do , Huu Ho Nguyen , Tan Nhut Duong
Published: August 2020

The quality of light has played an important role not only in the vegetative growth, but also in the reproductive stage of the plant. Normally, the endogenous transformation has hardly been observed under the general condition. This study analyzed the endogenous changes, which were particularly influenced by the spectrum of light emitting diode (LED) with induction flowering time from 30th to 40th day. In the 40th day of the flowering process, when the average number of flower buds get the highest, endogenous carbohydrate content was decreased. However, in this phase, plants need more energy; therefore, the net photosynthetic rate tends to increase in order to supply energy for flowering. Throughout 40 days of culture, the net photosynthetic rate had an increase in the concentration of CO2. In particular, it reached the peak when being induced under the light combination ratio 7:3 of red and blue light (0.222 µmol mol-1 h-1). The sugar content also followed the same trajectory; however, it dropped at the end of the period. Among all the experiments, the ratio of red and blue light 5:5 resulted in the highest content of endogenous carbohydrate source (722.30 µg g-1). Moreover, the morphological anatomy of shoot apical meristem in flowering stage was also studied. The floral transition at meristem and floral architecture is as similar as that of Arabidopsis. A typical flower of T. fournieri also consists of a sequence: sepals – petals – stamens – carpels. The SAM is organized into three different zones such as the central zone (CZ), the peripheral zone (PZ) surrounding the CZ and the rib zone (RZ) underneath the CZ.
Stimulation of shoot regeneration through leaf thin cell layer culture of Passiflora edulis Sims.
Authors: Hieu Tran , Thuy Tam Do Thi , Nhat Linh Nguyen Thi , Thanh Tung Hoang , Gia Bao Huynh , Dang Nguyen Cao , Tan Nhut Duong
Published: August 2020

Passiflora edulis Sims. belonged to the genus Passiflora, is one of the important economic crops of the world as well as Vietnam. Nowadays, the commercial P. edulis is mainly propagated by seeds, cuttings and grafting; however, these methods still have some limitations such as genetic degradation and heterogeneity and the spread of pathogenic viruses. Micro-propagation has been used for clonal breeding and disease-free plant breeding, as well as providing a source of materials for Passiflora breeding. In this study, leaf explants of P. edulis Sims. (2.0-month-old) excised from the in vitro culture of ex vitro axillary buds cut longitudinally and transversally into thin cell layers (lTCL and tTCL) were used as plant materials to evaluate the shoot regeneration. In addition, the effects of explant age and lighting condition on shoot regeneration were also investigated. After 8 weeks of culture, the results showed that shoot regeneration rate (100%) and shoot multiplication coefficient (13.33) of the in vitro leaf-tTCL-4 were higher than those of other treatments and control. The shoot regeneration rate of P. edulis Sims. also varied with the change of explant age. The highest shoot regeneration rate (100%) was obtained from leaf explants of 1.5-month-old shoots after 8 weeks of culture. Moreover, the light (fluorescent lamps with photoperiod of 16 hours/day and lighting intensity of 40 - 45 μmol.m-2.s-1) improved not only morphogenesis rate, but also shoot regeneration rate (100%) of leaf explants after 8 weeks of culture. This study provided a novel method for rapid micro-propagation of P. edulis Sims.
Efficiency of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region in identifying Cordyceps species
Authors: Thu Hien Le Thi , Hong Hanh Ha
Published: August 2020

Cordyceps genus is a well-known traditional medicine worldwide. It contains abundant physiological active compounds that were demonstrated to perform benefit in reducing progression of cancer as well as protecting human health. Accurately classifying species in this genus is essential in order to prevent commercial counterfeit medicines. Nowadays, a taxonomic classification of species based on DNA sequences can overcome the existed limitation in identifying by using only morphological characteristics of this genus. DNA barcodes are standard short genomic regions that are universally present in target lineages and has sufficient sequence variation to discriminate species in the genus. A variety of loci has been suggested as DNA barcodes for plants, including genes and non-coding regions in the nuclear and plastid genomes such as psbA-trnH, matK, rbcL, and ITS. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify selected species of Cordyceps genus using DNA barcodes. Seven strains of Cordyceps were collected. Total DNA extraction and purification, PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were performed with standard chemicals and kits. The candidate ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was amplified and sequenced. Data were analyzed using Bioedit 7.2.6 and MEGA 7 softwares. Analysis of seven obtained DNA barcode sequences of collected samples revealed that the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region provided high species discriminating power for Cordyceps genus. Accordingly, phylogenetic trees based on this DNA barcode exhibited six samples had closed relationship to Cordyceps militaris, while another specimen was the nearest neighbor to Cordyceps sinensis with average similarities at 99.82% and 99.81%, respectively. Our results support the identification of valuable medicinal plant species within Cordyceps genus.
Degradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD by a consortium of bacterial strains isolated from heavil herbicide/dioxin contaminated soil in Bienhoa airbase
Authors: Quang Huy Pham , Kim Thoa Nguyen , Cam Ha Dang Thi
Published: August 2020

From two different soil sources in Bienhoa airbase (heavy herbicide/dioxin contaminated West-South region and bioremediated cell), five microbial strains were isolated and their 2,3,7,8-TCDD biodegrability in consortium was investigated. Based on the colony and cell morphological characteristics as well as 16S rRNA gene sequences, these strains were classified into 5 genera, including Methylobacterium (strain BHBi1), Hydrocarboniphaga (strain BHBi4), Agrobacterium (strain BHBi5), Bosea (strain BHBi7) and Microbacterium (strain BH09). Two strains BHBi7 and BHBi4 were the first representatives of the genera Bosea and Hydrocarboniphaga that were isolated from heavyly herbicide/dioxin contaminated soil. All five strains were able to grow well in mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with soil extract (SE) containing 2,3,7,8-TCDD (this congener is the main soil total compound toxicity) and other congeners, including PCDDs, PCDFs, 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, PAHs and their intermediates. This microbial consortium degraded 2,537.34 ngTEQ/kg of 2,3,7,8-TCDD congener in soil, equivalent to 59.1% lost of total toxicity in comparison to the control without bacterial seeding (4,294.12 ng TEQ/kg). Such a high ratio of dioxin degradation by a bacterial consortium was reported here for the first time, contributing more evidences for convincing the successful dioxin bioremediation of “Active Landfill” technology at large scale in Z1 area at Bienhoa airbase, Dongnai, Vietnam.
Analyzing 16S rRNA sequences from Vietnamese pathogenic Leptospira strains and in-silico prediction of potential antigenic epitopes on LipL21, LipL32 outer membrane lipoproteins
Authors: Bich Thuy Vo Thi , Tuan Hung Nguyen , Ngoc Minh Nghiem
Published: August 2020

Leptospirosis, a zoonosis caused by Leptospira, is recognized as an emergent infectious disease. In currently, the lack of adequate diagnostic tools, vaccines are an attractive intervention strategy. In this experiment, a 550 bp fragment of large ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA) was sequenced and constructed phylogenetic tree from a panel of six Vietnamese pathogenic strains of Leptospira spirochetes (e.g., Pomona, Canicola, Mitis, Ictero haemohagiae, Bataviae, and Grippotyphosa). The results showed a close relationship of L.Pomona_VN and L.Hardjo (bootstrap: 99%). L.Canicola_VN and L.Ictero haemohagiae_VN appeared to be weak related to the classic L.Canicola, L. Grippotyphosa, these assemblage have a bootstrap support of 62%. The other strains (L.Mitis_VN and L.Grippotyphosa_VN) were appeared monophyletic, while their sister group (L.Bataviae_VN) relationship found only weak support (bootstrap: 62%). We also selected six genes [e.g. the immunoglobulin like proteins A and B (LigA and LigB genes), outer membrane protein (OmpL1 gene), and lipopolysaccharide (LipL32, LipL41, and LipL21 genes)] and checked gene expression in these Leptospira strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. There were three genes (e.g., LipL32, LipL21, and LigA genes) expressed in all strains, OmpL1 gene occured in 4 strains (L.Bataviae_VN, L.Canicola_VN, L.Grippotyphosa_VN and L.Mitis_VN), whereas LipL41 and LigB genes did not appear in any Leptospira strains. A multi-antigenic epitope potential of two gene (Lip L21 and Lip L32) was predicted by bioinformatic tools for designing a recombinant vaccine against leptospirosis. There were 3 multi-epitope regions (1 region and 95 antigenic epitope for B and T cells of LipL21 peptide; 2 regions and 124 antigenic epitope for both B and T cells of LipL32 peptide). It should be more of the deeply molecular biology studies to confirm the level agglutinating, antigen cleavage, peptide specificity matrices as well as neutralizing antibodies in the immune responses of DNA vaccine of these genes.
Importance of cellular immunity link for efficiency of replacement therapy in common variable immune deficiency
Authors: Sizyakina L. P. , Andreeva I. I. , Danilova D. I.
Published: August 2020

Lifetime use of IgG replacement therapy  is the standard of CVID treatment. However, full control over stabilization of chronic infection loci is not always achieved, even if this therapy  is continuously applied. The purpose  of this study was to carry out comparative analysis of changes  in cellular  component of adaptive and  innate immune response, depending on effectiveness of replacement therapy  of patients with infectious CVID  phenotype. The  observation group  consisted of 15 patients with  CVID  who  were  diagnosed since early childhood in 100% of cases. They had prolonged respiratory infections followed by the development of complications requiring continuous treatment with antibiotics.

After  reaching mean  age of 15 years  old,  the  intensity of infection-associated antibody deficiency was 6-8  times  per year. After verification of the  diagnosis, the  patients received  replacement therapy, first at the saturation dose,  and,  after stabilization of IgG  at the level of 7-8 g/l,  at the monthly maintenance dose. The clinical  course  of the disease was traced  during  a full year of replacement therapy, and the cellular  immunity indices  were evaluated. In all patients, after a year of therapy  corresponding to clinical  guidelines, there  was an improvement in quality  of life indices, decreased rates of recurrent bacterial infections. At the same time, 40% of them continued to suffer, on average, 5.4±1.1 times a year and required long-term courses of antibiotic therapy. Evaluation of immune status did not reveal statistically significant  differences in IgG plasma saturation between the groups of patients with different treatment efficiency: 8.7 (8-9) g/l and 9.1 (8.5-10.5) g/l, at p = 0.5. The  differences related  to immune cell factors  in cases of smaller  effect of IVIG  therapy  are manifested in higher  relative  numbers of T effectors  containing lytic Granzyme B granules  and CD14+CD284+  monocytes, accompanied by lower spontaneous active  oxygen forms produced by neutrophils, lesser contents of CD16+ natural killers in peripheral blood.

The obtained data illustrate the value of monitoring, not only serum  IgG  level, but also the parameters of the  cellular  immune response. Such  analysis  may be essential  as a prognostic criterion for efficacy  of IVIG therapy. Reduced levels of some parameters of innate immunity cells serves a basis to formulate the concept of combined treatment and usage of tools that alter functions of immunocompetent cells.
State of the immune system in women using the “Provag” probiotic
Authors: Kozlov V. A. , Borisov A. G. , Savchenko A. A. , Kondakov A. E. , Kudryavtsev I. V.
Published: August 2020

Lactobacilli are  widely used  in clinical  practice as probiotics, biologically  active  additives  and probiotic products for functional nutrition. Some  probiotics can  be considered as bacterial vaccines  due  to induction of immune response, accompanied by production of specific antibodies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate  the state of cellular and humoral immunity in women  by using probiotic strains of lactobacilli. The  study  included 31 healthy  women  aged  25-45  years.  As a source  of probiotic lactobacterial complex, we used  the  “Provag” preparation (RU  77.99.11.003.E.003746.02.11 of 11.02.2011, 1 capsule  contains 109 Lactobacillus  gasseri 57C,  Lactobacillus  fermentum  57A и Lactobacillus  plantarum  57B).  The  drug  was used for 30 days, at a rate  of one  capsule  per day. The  immune system was examined twice: before  administering the drug and after 30 days of treatment. The study of blood  lymphocyte populations and subpopulations was performed by flow cytometry using direct immunofluorescence technique. The concentration of IgA, IgM, IgG in blood serum was determined using enzyme  immunoassay. To determine specific antibodies, we used passive hemagglutination reaction with erythrocyte diagnosticum. The complex of probiotic lactobacilli Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus  fermentum  and  Lactobacillus  plantarum corresponding to the “Provag” preparation was used as a source  of antigen. It has been revealed  that  the number of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood increased after  30 days  of treatment with  the  probiotic preparation “Provag” in  healthy  women. Elevated contents of T cells was due to the T helper  cell fraction. Increased levels of T helpers and B lymphocytes were associated with stimulation of humoral immunity, as evidenced by increasing concentration of IgA and  IgG in blood  serum.  By means  of passive hemagglutination reaction, we have found  that  90% of healthy  women showed increased concentrations of specific IgA in blood after 30 days of treatment with “Provag” preparation.