bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress and adherence to anti-retroviral therapy or pre-exposure prophylaxis regimens among Urban Black gay and bisexual men (MSM)
Authors: Jimenez Valeria , Thornton Nicole , Tilchin Carla , Ghanem Khalil G , Ruhs Sebastian , Hamill Matthew M , Rompalo Anne , Jennings Jacky M
Published: August 2022

Background

Urban Black gay, and bisexual men (MSM) bear a disproportionate burden of HIV in the U.S. Mental health is a barrier to adherence to both antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The objective was to determine the association between psychological distress and ART or PrEP adherence among urban Black MSM.

Methods

Using data from a four-year prospective cohort study, adherence to ART was defined as > 95% and PrEP was defined as > 80% of doses taken in the past 30 days. Psychological distress measures included difficulty sleeping; feeling anxious; suicidality; feeling sad or depressed; feeling sick, ill, or not well in the past 3 months; high (vs. low) overall psychological distress was classified as above the median value. Associations were examined using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, and logistic regression.

Results

Among 165 Black MSM, 44.2% (73) reported high psychological distress. 65.3% (47/72) of participants living with HIV and 39.8% (37/93) of HIV negative participants were ART or PrEP adherent, respectively. Education was significantly associated with PrEP adherence ( p = 0.038). Non-injection drug use in the past 3 months ( p = 0.008), difficulty sleeping ( p = 0.010), feeling anxious ( p = 0.003), and feeling sad or depressed ( p < 0.001), and overall psychological distress ( p < 0.001) were significantly associated with ART adherence. High psychological distress was significantly associated with a reduced odds of ART adherence (aOR 0.23; 95% CI = 0.08–0.70) adjusting for age and non-injection drug use.

Conclusions

Increased psychological distress was significantly associated with ART nonadherence and may represent an important barrier to viral suppression.
Alternative ‘Lives Matter’ formulations in online discussions about Black Lives Matter: Use, support and resistance
Authors: Goodman Simon , Tafi Vanessa , Coyle Adrian
Published: August 2022

Throughout its history, the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement has elicited strong opposition that risks stifling anti-racist progress. This paper examines how support for BLM is argued about and challenged in online settings, focussing on the use of alternative ‘Lives Matter’ hashtags and slogans. BLM and anti-BLM material from 2020 was identified across six online platforms, which generated 1242 data items. Data were subjected to discourse analysis informed by critical discursive psychology. Arguments over the context of racism were a recurrent feature of responses to BLM-supporting posts. The analysis demonstrates the varying ways that alternative ‘Lives Matter’ formulations can be used to display opposition to and undermine BLM. Of these, ‘All Lives Matter’ was used most prominently but also ‘White Lives Matter’ and others. All alternatives to BLM function to obscure or deny the discrimination that Black people face, and so work to maintain the racist status quo.
Effect of methamphetamine on clock genes and drug-metabolizing enzyme expression
Authors: Tani Naoto , Ikeda Tomoya , Ishikawa Takaki
Published: August 2022

This study examined the association between clock gene expression and the effect of methamphetamine (MA) on drug-metabolizing enzymes from the perspective of drug metabolism. The relationship between expression of the clock genes BMAL1 and PER2 and the drug-metabolizing enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 was investigated using livers from autopsy cases of MA-intoxication deaths. Additionally, the effect of MA exposure on various genes was examined in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Comparisons of the expression of various genes in MA users according to blood MA concentration revealed that CYP3A4 expression was similar to that of PER2, and CYP2D6 expression was similar to that of BMAL1. In cultured cell experiments, BMAL1 and CYP2D6 expression decreased depending on the time elapsed after MA addition, and PER2 and CYP3A4 expression increased slightly in a concentration-dependent manner. These results were consistent with the findings of autopsy examinations. Expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 under BMAL1 and PER2 suppression, but not CYP2D6 under PER2 suppression alone, was upregulated in response to MA. These results suggest that CYPs are regulated via the clock genes BMAL1 and PER2 during MA metabolism.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with diffuse intracranial calcification: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Yuan Fenghong , Liu Tin , Haifeng Chen  , Jiang Xinyu
Published: August 2022

Objective

to investigate the clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus with diffuse intracranial calcification.

Methods

The clinical characteristics of one case of systemic lupus erythematosus with diffuse intracranial calcification were analyzed, and 12 cases in related literatures were reviewed by searching Medline and Wanfang database.

Results

Our case and 12 cases reviewed were all female. With the exception of one case, the course of SLE was more than 5 years. The clinical manifestations of the nervous system are diverse, including epilepsy, hemiplegia, cognitive impairment, and mental abnormalities. In the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations, this case and six cases reviewed had SLE activity. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination was performed in seven patients, including four patients with CSF protein elevation, two patients with IL-6 elevation, and one patient with anti-ribosomal p antibody elevation. This case and 10 of 12 cases reviewed had bilateral basal ganglia calcification. Intracranial calcification was very high density on CT and showed high T1WI and low T2WI signal on MRI.

Conclusion

Systemic lupus erythematosus with intracranial calcification is a rare and severe manifestation of SLE, which is not completely parallel to SLE activity. The clinical manifestations of the nervous system are diverse, and bilateral basal ganglia calcification is the most common in imaging. High T1WI signal and low T2WI signal may be used as one of the imaging features to identify intracranial calcification.
Women in Neo-Pentecostal Churches in Nigeria: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah, and the Mainline Churches in Contemporary Nigeria
Authors: Amaefule Adolphus Ekedimma
Published: August 2022

This paper looks, in the first place, at gender issues in Pentecostal Christianity in Nigeria. This is especially as captured by the Nigerian writer, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, in her novel, Americanah. It is found that women in Nigerian Pentecostalism are more than the men in number and participate more actively both in church activities and in spiritual efforts at home. However, it is mostly the men who are the pastors and leaders of the Nigerian Pentecostal churches, even if at home, by what is sometimes called ‘domestication’ of the same men, the women are empowered in some ways. The paper then considers what their place has in common with the place of women in the Roman Catholic Church in contemporary Nigeria. The paper adds to the existing literature on the place and role of women in both Pentecostalism and Catholicism in contemporary Nigeria.
Ministry Among Immigrants at Risk: Women and Children
Authors: Kim Grace Ji-Sun
Published: August 2022

Through its analysis of history, race, and theology, this essay offers a unique and compelling approach to the discussion of ministry among women and child migrants. The critical discussion of Asian immigration and sociological patterns will be new and challenging to many readers.
Business Survival in Times of COVID-19: Empirical Evidence from Tourism Enterprises in Thailand
Authors: Rukumnuaykit Pungpond , Pholphirul Piriya , Kwanyou Akkaranai
Published: August 2022

The impact of COVID-19 has been extensively explored, but little research has been conducted on its impact on business sector adaption. This study analyses business adaptation and business survival in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on tourism enterprises in Thailand as a case study. Based on a survey of 316 tourism enterprises taken during the pandemic, the survey found that the pandemic resulted in the decline in revenues of most enterprises, and more than half of businesses tried to survive by reducing wages, reducing the number of branches and cutting back on store-opening hours. Using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model to predict length of business survival from the pandemic, it was found that most enterprises were unable to survive for more than 6 months (after the survey). Survival was found to be shorter in areas and business sectors that relied mainly on foreign tourists. Therefore, as for business implications, the traditional business model should be adapted to meet the needs of tourists in their new post-COVID lifestyles. In addition, tourism businesses need to focus on human resource management. Moreover, each type of tourism business needs to adapt its service model in different ways in order to meet the challenges of catering to a new normal.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Inward FDI in Vietnam
Authors: Truong Hoan Quang
Published: August 2022

Using monthly inward foreign direct investment (FDI) data for the period from January 2020 to September 2021, our study aims to investigate how the COVID-19 burden (cases and deaths) and policy responses of Vietnam and 40 investment partners affected Vietnam’s FDI attraction. Estimates for the baseline models as well as for different types of income levels show that Vietnam’s COVID-19 burden negatively affects its inward FDI, while no evidence reveals the effect of investment partners’ COVID-19 burden. We find that Vietnam’s COVID-19 cases negatively affect its inward FDI from the European region, while no evidence reveals an effect from the Asian region. When including policy responses in the estimation, we find a disadvantageous impact of investment partners’ COVID-19 cases and deaths as well as Vietnam’s COVID-19 deaths on Vietnam’s inward FDI. In general, the effects of COVID-19 cases are significantly lower than those of COVID-19 deaths. Estimates show that stringent measures in Vietnam and investment partners negatively affect FDI flows into Vietnam, while containment and health measures have a positive effect. The study suggests that efforts should focus on reducing the number of COVID-19 deaths rather than the number of COVID-19 cases, minimizing the application of stringency measures by Vietnam and investment partners, applying health methods, and expanding trade agreements networks.
Therapeutic Potential of Low-Intensity Magnetic Field Stimulation in 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease: From Inflammation to Motor Function
Authors: Bose Samrat , Nag Tapas Chandra , Dey Soumil , Sundd Monica , Jain Suman
Published: August 2022

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that mainly affects the aged population. Transcranial magnetic field (MF) stimulation has shown to provide temporary motor recovery in neurological disorders.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism of low-intensity MF stimulation (17.96 µT; 50Hz; 2 h/day, four weeks) in a rat model of severe PD.

Methods

A clinically relevant, bilateral striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rat model of severe PD was employed to test the efficacy of low-intensity MF stimulation in the management of motor symptoms. The mechanism of action of MF was dissected by assessing the microglial activation, tissue ultrastructure, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolomics using microdialysis.

Results

We observed a significant improvement in the postural balance and gait after MF exposure with a significant reduction in the number of activated microglia. There was an improvement in striatal dopaminergic innervation and glutamate levels but it did not reach a level of statistical significance.

Conclusion

MF stimulation helped ameliorate the motor deficits and reduced inflammation but was unable to provide a significant change in terms of dopaminergic innervation and metabolic profile in the severe 6-OHDA PD rat model.
Creativity Specialization: Does Diversity in Creative Skills Matter in Team Innovation?
Authors: Baruah Jonali , Burch Gerald F. , Burch Jana J.
Published: August 2022

This comprehensive study investigates the role of diverse creativity relevant traits in collaborative innovation. An initial screening with 301 participants evaluated everyone’s dominant creativity skill. In a subsequent session, 50 teams based on their dominant creativity skill participated in a creative idea-generation and selection task either in a homogeneous (all specialized in same creativity domain) or in diverse-skill (each member with unique creativity domain) group. As hypothesized, the diverse-skill groups generated more ideas than the homogeneous original, fluent, and flexible thinkers but not from elaborate thinkers groups. The diverse-skill groups also outperformed the homogeneous original thinkers groups in the originality of ideas generated. Elaboration of ideas mediated the relationship between the quantity and the quality of ideas in both generation and selection phases. The current study extends creativity research by highlighting the importance of a multidimensional approach to creativity in a collaborative context that is controversial in the current literature.
Arguments at Odds—Dyadic Turn-Taking and Conflict Development in Consensus-Making Groups
Authors: Ziembowicz Karolina , Rychwalska Agnieszka , Nowak Andrzej
Published: August 2022

Turn-taking is the most basic sequential process in group interactions. However, few studies have analyzed how turn-taking patterns impact group dynamics and outcomes. Research has shown that turn-taking in group interactions usually takes the form of a dyadic ABA pattern, in which two speakers talk interchangeably. In this paper, we propose that in groups discussing a controversial topic (abortion rights), ABA patterns transmit conflict. It was found that ABA patterns correlate with reciprocal exchanges of contradictory arguments, which, when prolonged, escalate into conflicts marked by heightened negativity, dominance, disagreement, and opinion strength. Content in ABA patterns conveyed later in the conversation becomes more conflictive, compared to non-dyadic ordering. The interacting group members in the ABA pattern were less satisfied with the group, as manifested by a lower level of perceived quality of the discussion, and they gave mutual assessments of influence, dissimilarity, and disagreement.
The Teachers’ Role in Behavioral Problems of Pupils With EBD in Special Education: Teacher–Child Relationships Versus Structure
Authors: de Swart Fanny , Burk William J. , van Efferen Esther , van der Stege Heleen , Scholte Ron H. J.
Published: August 2022

This longitudinal study examined bidirectional associations between special education pupils’ teacher–child relationship characteristics (quality, satisfaction, and conflict), classroom structure, and behavioral problems (externalizing and attention-hyperactivity). A secondary goal was to investigate the extent to which severity of behavioral problems moderated the prospective associations. Participants were 586 pupils (86% boys) in Grades 4 to 6 ( Mage time 1 = 10.82 years, SD = 0.86) from 13 special education schools in the Netherlands and their teachers. Findings indicated that primarily teacher–child conflict was related to increased externalizing problems. More classroom structure was related to decreased attention-hyperactivity problems, but higher teacher–child relationship quality was linked to increases in attention-hyperactivity problems. Moreover, both types of problems were related to increases in conflict. Severity of behavior problems did not moderate these associations. Although findings were not consistent in both school years, they suggested that particularly reducing conflict and instilling more classroom structure were the most effective strategies in reducing behavioral problems. Furthermore, disrupting negative transactional associations between conflict and externalizing behavior is important to reduce externalizing behavior.
Combined Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms – a Review
Authors: Weissferdt Annikka
Published: August 2022

Thymic epithelial neoplasms are the most common tumors of thymic origin but are overall rare in the general population. Their morphologic diversity, ranging from low grade to overtly malignant lesions, along with various histologic growth patterns make them a diagnostically challenging group of tumors. Very occasionally, thymomas and thymic carcinomas may develop in combination with other benign or malignant lesions of thymic origin, further complicating the diagnostic process. The focus of this review lies on the spectrum of thymic epithelial tumors that present with other thymic lesions in the same tumor mass, such as multilocular thymic cysts, neuroendocrine neoplasms, lymphomas, and germ cell tumors among others. Awareness of the existence of such unusual tumors may not only aid in their diagnosis but may also have implications for prognostic and therapeutic purposes.
Experimental analysis, discrete modeling and parameter optimization of SLS-printed bi-pantographic structures
Authors: Harsch Jonas , Ganzosch Gregor , Barchiesi Emilio , Ciallella Alessandro , Eugster Simon R
Published: August 2022

Making use of experimental data for bias extension, shearing, and point-load tests in large deformation regime for rectangular and square bi-pantographic specimens, we perform a numerical identification to fit the a priori parameters of a planar discrete spring model. The main objective of the work is to develop an automatized optimization process based on the Nelder–Mead simplex algorithm for identifying the constitutive parameters of discrete modeling of bi-pantographic structures, as well as assessing its descriptiveness and predictive capacity. The analysis allows to conclude that there exists a single set of parameters for the adopted discrete modeling such that it is descriptive and predictive for several different tests and for a wide range of deformations.
Advancing Nursing Research Through Interactive Data Visualization With R Shiny
Authors: Heinsberg Lacey W. , Koleck Theresa A. , Ray Mitali , Weeks Daniel E. , Conley Yvette P.
Published: August 2022

Scientific data visualization is a critical aspect of fully understanding data patterns and trends. To date, the majority of data visualizations in nursing research – as with other biomedical fields – have been static. The availability of electronic scientific journal articles (which are quickly becoming the norm) has created new opportunities for dynamic and interactive data visualization which carry added cognitive benefits and support the ability to understand data more fully. Therefore, here we highlight the benefits of R, an open-source programming language, for scientific data visualization, with a specific focus on creating dynamic, interactive figures using the R shiny package. For R users, we have included a tutorial with example code to create three increasingly complex shiny applications. For individuals more interested in understanding the potential of R shiny as an innovative tool to interact with research data, we have included links to online versions of the examples that do not require any programming or R experience. We believe that widespread adoption of dynamic and interactive scientific data visualization will further support nurse scientists’ higher-level mission of advancing our understanding of health and wellness of individuals and communities.
“It’s more like it doesn’t even exist”: stories of hauntings as a way of resisting colonial elimination of Sámi presence
Authors: Dankertsen Astri
Published: August 2022

In this article, I explore how haunting as a theoretical concept is useful for analyzing the emotional effects of colonization and forced assimilation of the Sámi, the Indigenous people in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. While some still find it difficult to talk about what it means for them to be Sámi today, telling stories about hauntings is paradoxically something that they do more easily. Through theories concerning affect, emotions and haunting, I explore how these stories represent something more than elements of the Sámi religion. The act of telling these stories can also be analyzed as metaphors for both a continued connection that people have to the landscapes and their ancestors, and as a way of dealing with the emotional ambiguity of trying to find new ways of articulating a continuing Sámi presence.
Self-assessment tools for assessing cultural competency: a rapid review of literature
Authors: Ganeshananthan Revathy , Xu Calvin , Brumpton Kay , Jones Blake , Pinidiyapathirage Janani
Published: August 2022

Established tools that assess cultural competency in the health workforce could contribute to providing culturally safe care to First Nations peoples. Using a rapid review approach, we searched several databases to evaluate the characteristics of self-assessment tools used to assess cultural competency and ascertain the context and outcomes of their use. Out of 529 documents, six articles fitted the study’s inclusion criteria. The main capabilities assessed by self-assessment tools ranged from knowledge, interest, and familiarity with First peoples’ history and culture to providing cultural support, application, and behaviour. Data were limited on outcomes of cultural competency and safety as determined by the health care recipient. Overall, the tools showed significant variability in characteristics and how cultural competency and culturally safe practice was assessed. However, data were lacking to confirm whether the enhanced cultural competency and culturally safe practice demonstrated using these self-assessment tools improved health outcomes for First Nations peoples.
Applying the complementary knowledge bases of System Dynamics and Indigenous knowledge in public health research in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Authors: McKelvie-Sebileau Pippa , Pekepo Crystal , Rees David , Swinburn Boyd , Gerritsen Sarah , Tipene-Leach David
Published: August 2022

Systems Thinking is increasingly applied to address complex societal and public health issues in Aotearoa, New Zealand and has been proposed as a good fit with traditional wisdom and Mātauranga Māori (Indigenous knowledge) from Aotearoa, New Zealand. In this article, we delve into the theoretical underpinnings of Systems Thinking approaches used in Community-Based System Dynamics research and find parallels with Indigenous narratives and knowledge. The synergy created by combining these two knowledge systems and practices is proposed as an effective way to approach public health issues that emerge from complex adaptive systems, particularly in communities with large numbers of Indigenous peoples. Examples are given from an initiative to engage community to improve food security and nutrition in regional Aotearoa, New Zealand.
Rates of Tobacco Use Disorder, Pharmacologic Treatment, and Associated Mental Health Disorders in a Medicaid Claim Review Among Youth in Indiana, USA
Authors: McBrayer Kimberly , Ouyang Fangqian , Adams Zachary , Hulvershorn Leslie , Aalsma Matthew C.
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study delineates a number of Medicaid youth with tobacco use disorder (TUD), prescribing habits for treatment, and associated externalizing disorders.

Methods

Youth Medicaid claims from 2007-2017 processed in a large Midwestern city were analyzed for a diagnosis of TUD, related pharmacotherapy, and externalizing mental health and substance use disorders.

Results

Claims connected 6541 patients with 42 890 visits. Mean age was 16.4 with 40% female. 1232 of the 6541 charts contained a TUD diagnosis equating to 1848 visits. A comorbid diagnosis of ADHD, cannabis use, and conduct disorder were more common in males (3.9% vs 1.3% in females; 3.4% vs .8%; and 2.8% vs .8%; P < .05). 808 scripts were provided to 152 of the 1232 youths, with 4.7% of those scripts a nicotine replacement product.

Conclusions

Pharmacotherapy is underutilized in this Medicaid claims data set. Certain externalizing factors were associated with males with TUD more than females.
Association Between Lipophilic Beta-Blockers and Depression in Diabetic Patients on Chronic Dialysis
Authors: Lengton Robin , W Schouten Robbert , Nadort Els , van Rossum Elisabeth FC , Dekker Friedo W , Siegert Carl EH , Hoogeveen Ellen K
Published: August 2022

Background:

Depression is associated with lower quality of life and increased risk of mortality. The prevalence of depression in chronic dialysis patients, as well as in patients with diabetes, is more than 20%. It is debated whether use of beta-blockers increases the risk of depression. Therefore, we examined in chronic dialysis patients with and without diabetes, the association between beta-blockers and depressive symptoms.

Methods:

Data were collected from the DIVERS-I study, a multicentre prospective cohort among chronic dialysis patients in the Netherlands. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). We defined depressive symptoms as a BDI-II score ⩾16. The cross-sectional association at baseline between depressive symptoms and beta-blocker use in chronic dialysis patients, was studied by multivariable logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders.

Results:

We included 684 chronic dialysis patients, of whom 43% had diabetes mellitus, and 57% used a beta-blocker of which 97% were lipophilic. After multivariable adjustment, the OR (95% CI) for depressive symptoms in patients with compared to without diabetes was 1.41 (1.00-1.98), and in beta-blocker users compared to non-users 1.12 (0.80-1.56), respectively. Dialysis patients with diabetes and beta-blocker use compared to those without diabetes and not using beta-blockers had an OR of 1.73 (1.12-2.69) for depressive symptoms. The association was stronger in dialysis patients with diabetes and lipophilic beta-blocker use with an OR of 1.77 (1.14-2.74).

Conclusions:

We found a possible association between lipophilic beta-blocker use and depressive symptoms in chronic dialysis patients with diabetes.
Its name suggests it belongs here: The power of a community namesake in decreasing founding rates during industry emergence
Authors: Li Ying
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the power of a community namesake, defined as an organization named after the geographic community, in discouraging potential entrants from entering the local market during industry emergence. I argue that the presence of a community namesake is likely to make potential entrants anticipate stronger competition, because they tend to believe that the local membership proudly claimed by the namesake may drive community stakeholders to reciprocate the namesake with disproportionally more resources. During industry emergence, when there lacks objective information on competitive intensity, the presence of a community namesake can be a sufficient cue of a high local entry barrier that deters potential entrants, resulting in lower founding rates during the post-namesake period at the level of communities. I further predict that the namesakes’ symbolic power should vary depending on their material forms. Material forms that corroborate (i.e. through purpose-built buildings) or make salient (i.e. through visually prominent architectures) the namesakes’ claimed local membership should decrease founding rates to a higher degree. The analysis of the emergence of historical movie theaters in Chicago communities, 1905–1927, provides empirical support to the theorizing.
Partial Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction with Cryopreserved Aortic Homograft Following Resection for Malignancy
Authors: Voit Antanina , Commander Sarah Jane , Williams Zachary
Published: August 2022

Malignant invasion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) often necessitates complete tumor thrombectomy and IVC reconstruction. Bovine pericardial xenografts and prosthetic grafts are frequently used for partial or entire IVC reconstruction with adequate subsequent patency and freedom from thrombosis. Cryopreserved aortic homografts represent an alternative conduit for vena cava replacement with resistance to infection in contaminated fields or following extensive retroperitoneal dissection. Specific reports of aortic homograft use for IVC reconstruction are scarce. Described are 2 cases of cryopreserved aortoiliac artery allograft use for long segment cava patch repair while avoiding extensive caval reconstruction, mobilization and the need for renal vein and hepatic vein re-implantation.
Mechanisms Linking Masculine Discrepancy Stress and the Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Men in the United States
Authors: Sileo Katelyn M. , Luttinen Rebecca , Muñoz Suyapa , Hill Terrence D.
Published: August 2022

Although studies show that masculine discrepancy stress (i.e., the intrapsychic strain associated with failing to meet internalized masculine ideals) is associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, little is known about the processes underlying this association. There may be other social psychological constructs at play that explain this relationship further. The present study uses recently collected data from a national survey of men living in the United States ( n = 711) to formally test whether the effects of discrepancy stress on three different forms of IPV perpetration are mediated by anger, self-esteem, and perceived powerlessness. We find that discrepancy stress is directly associated with higher levels of anger, lower levels self-esteem, a sense of powerlessness, and a greater odds of perpetrating any physical IPV and severe physical IPV resulting in injuries, but not sexual IPV perpetration in our sample of men. Our mediation analyses confirms that masculine discrepancy stress is indirectly associated with perpetrating all three forms of IPV through the mechanism of anger. Self-esteem and perceived powerlessness are not supported as mediators. These findings add to our understanding of the link between masculinity and violence perpetration and can inform IPV reduction interventions. Gender transformative interventions that reduce discrepancy stress among men by shifting men’s adherence to traditional masculine norms, and that integrate anger management strategies, should be explored in future research.
The Woven EndoBridge for intracranial aneurysms: Radiological outcomes and factors influencing occlusions at 6 and 24 months
Authors: Alpay Kemal , Lindgren Antti , Rautio Riitta , Parkkola Riitta
Published: August 2022

Purpose

To identify factors influencing short- and mid-term radiological outcomes of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) treated with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB).

Methods

A total of 112 patients were treated for IAs with the WEB in at our institution between 2013 and 2020. Patients with 6- and/or 24-months follow-up data were included in the study. Aneurysm occlusion was evaluated using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification (RR). RR 1 and RR 2 were considered as adequate outcomes, while RR 3 inadequate.

Results

Data were available for 91 patients (56 females, 62%) at 6 months and 62 of those patients (39 females, 58%) at 24 months. The adequate occlusion (RR 1/RR 2) rate was 89% ( n = 81/91) at the 6-months follow-up and 91% ( n = 56/62) at the 24-months follow-up. The treatment-related morbidity rate was 4% ( n = 4/91), and mortality rate was 1% ( n = 1/91). The predictor for inadequate occlusion at the 6-months follow-up was the lobular shape of an aneurysm ( p = .01). The aneurysm’s height ( p = .02), maximal diameter ( p = .001), width ( p = .002), aspect ratio ( p = .03), dome-to-neck ratio ( p = .04), and lobular shape ( p= .03) were predictive factors for inadequate occlusion at 24 months. All the thrombosed aneurysms ( n = 3) showed unfavorable radiological outcomes and required re-treatment within 24 months. None of the patient-related factors were significant.

Conclusions

The WEB provides favorable occlusion rates and low complications for both ruptured and unruptured wide-necked IAs. Unfavorable radiological outcomes after WEB treatment may be related to aneurysm morphology and size.
Understanding the role of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber on natural rubber latex nanocomposites
Authors: V Vijayalekshmi , P Poornima Vijayan , CD Midhun Dominic , Thomas Sabu
Published: August 2022

Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were isolated from raw cotton fibers via 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation process. The isolated CNF were morphologically characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Entangled fibrous morphology with diameter in nano regime (15–20 nm) has been observed for the isolated nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the high crystallinity of the isolated CNF. Further, the isolated CNF was used to reinforce natural rubber (NR) latex films. The crystallographic, morphological, and spectroscopic analysis of the NR/CNF nanocomposites was carried out. A strong interaction between the CNF and NR matrix has been identified and which reflects in the thermal stability and swelling behavior of NR/CNF nanocomposite films in toluene. The uniform dispersion and tangling effect of CNF along with strong NR-CNF interaction restrict the uptake of solvent through NR matrix.
Long-term efficacy of varicocele repair in middle-aged men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and low testosterone: Five cases with follow-up from 16 to 60 months
Authors: Park Yeon Won , Lee Jun Ho
Published: August 2022

We report five cases of middle-aged men with low testosterone levels and erectile dysfunction (ED) who were successfully treated with varicocelectomy with long-term follow-up. All five patients presented to our clinic with ED. Upon initial physical examination, each patient had varicoceles on his scrotum, and two consecutive morning samplings showed testosterone levels below 400 ng/mL. Age at varicocelectomy was from 40 to 53 years. Four patients underwent microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy, whereas one patient underwent inguinal varicocelectomy. After surgery, testosterone increased in all cases, and the normal testosterone level was maintained during follow-up (16–60 months). In addition, all cases reported improvement of ED after surgery. In our clinical cases, microscopic varicocelectomy increased serum testosterone levels and improved erectile function, and this increase and improvement continued up to a follow-up of 60 months. Varicocelectomy would be a good option to treat testosterone deficiency in men with varicocele.
Depression: A Modifiable Risk Factor for Poor Outcomes in Fibromyalgia
Authors: Munipalli Bala , Allman Madeleine E. , Chauhan Mohit , Niazi Shehzad K. , Rivera Fernando , Abril Andy , Wang Benjamin , Wieczorek Mikolaj A. , Hodge David O. , Knight Dacre , Perlman Adam , Abu Dabrh Abd Moain , Dudenkov Daniel , Bruce Barbara K.
Published: August 2022

Background:

About 4 out of 10 fibromyalgia patients suffer from depression. The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) guidelines recommend using antidepressants to treat fibromyalgia.

Objective:

To determine predictors of improved outcomes following a multicomponent treatment program.

Design:

We designed this longitudinal treatment outcome study to evaluate the prevalence of depression symptoms in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia at a tertiary care facility, and the impact of depression on functional outcomes after completing a multicomponent fibromyalgia treatment program.

Setting:

Tertiary care center.

Patients:

This study included 411 adult patients with fibromyalgia who completed a multicomponent treatment program for fibromyalgia. Expert physicians performed comprehensive evaluations following American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria to confirm fibromyalgia before referral to the program.

Intervention:

An intensive outpatient multicomponent treatment program consisting of 16 hours of cognitive behavioral strategies served as the intervention.

Measurements:

Functional status was assessed using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised (FIQR). Depression was evaluated with the Center for Epidemiologic Study of Depression (CES-D) measure. Measures were administered prior to participation in the program and approximately 5 months following completion of the program.

Results:

The cohort had a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (73.2% had depression at admission). Higher depression scores at baseline predicted poorer outcomes following multi-component treatment. Effectively treated depression resulted in improved functioning at follow-up.

Limitations:

Findings limited to tertiary care center cohort of fibromyalgia patients. Patients did not undergo a structured clinical diagnostic interview to diagnose depression.

Conclusions:

The current data links depression to poorer outcomes in patients with fibromyalgia. Depression is an important modifiable factor in the management of fibromyalgia. Guidelines should reflect the importance of assessing and effectively treating depression at the time of diagnosis of fibromyalgia, to improve functional outcomes.

Registration:

Specific registry and specific study registration number—Institutional Review Board—(IRB# 19-000495).

Funding Source:

No funding.
Identifying the Research and Trends in STEM Education in Pakistan: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Aslam Sarfraz , Saleem Atif , Kennedy Teresa J. , Kumar Tribhuwan , Parveen Khalida , Akram Huma , Zhang BaoHui
Published: August 2022

Although STEM is an essential feature of 21st-century education and learning, there is a lack of awareness about it in Pakistan, especially at the K-12 and tertiary levels. Recently many initiatives have been launched across Pakistan to create more interest in STEM education. In order to assist in raising the level of STEM awareness in Pakistan, this study sought to examine the current state of research and identify recent contributions and gaps in the literature. A systematic literature review was conducted using 22 research papers from five renowned databases. Results produced limited research in this area, with the majority being descriptive and only four being interventional studies. Regrettably, no research explored the engineering component of STEM education. Trends indicate that STEM education research has experienced a downward trend in Pakistan. The observed decline may have occurred due to a lack of understanding among Pakistani researchers regarding the importance of STEM education. Additionally, we identified the current gaps in research on STEM education and subsequently provided recommendations for future research.
Impact of Haze Pollution on Industrial Agglomeration: Empirical Evidence From China
Authors: Han Xin , Lu Feng , Hou Jun , Kuang Xianming
Published: August 2022

This study analyzes the relationship between haze pollution and industrial agglomeration using particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration data from 269 prefecture-level cities in China between 2007 and 2016. We calculate the industrial agglomeration level using the location entropy method with industrial output as the core variable. We find that the industrial agglomeration effect is adversely affected by increased haze pollution, proving a negative correlation between them. We also compare the effect of haze pollution on industrial agglomeration before and after the 18th National Congress. The comparison shows that the effect of haze pollution on industrial agglomeration during 2012 to 2016 was significantly less than that during 2007 to 2011. Therefore, the industrial agglomeration effect can be strengthened by reducing environmental pollution through vigorous environmental governance efforts. These findings provide empirical evidence for governments’ continued implementation of current environmental protection policies.
Listening to students’ voices on inclusive teaching strategies in Chinese primary schools
Authors: Li Dandan , Gavaldà Josep Maria Sanahuja , Badia Martín Mar
Published: August 2022

Inclusive education has become a new global agenda in educational reform since Salamanca Statement in 1994. However, inclusion in education cannot be realized unless inclusive education teachers enable them to implement inclusive teaching strategies to meet all students’ diverse needs. This study aims to analyze the pupil perspectives of inclusive teaching strategies in Chinese regular primary schools by designing a questionnaire. The questionnaire is developed and validated with satisfactory reliability and validity to collect quantitative data from the 730 students of three regular primary schools in Shenzhen City, one of the largest cities in China. The literature has summarized three dimensions regarding inclusive teaching strategies: ‘values and attitudes,’ ‘management and environment,’ and ‘teaching and instruction’. The results show that these regular primary schools have inclusive values, and students have positive attitudes toward inclusive teaching strategies. Students think that sample schools have inclusive school management and environment concerning inclusive teaching strategies, and some inclusive teaching strategies are used, but others are not so often used in their classrooms. The findings are discussed, and implications for policy and research are presented.
Childhood adversities and mental health problems: A systematic review
Authors: Juwariah Titik , Suhariadi Fendy , Soedirham Oedojo , Priyanto Agus , Setiyorini Erni , Siskaningrum Auliasari , Adhianata Heni , Fernandes Angelina da Costa
Published: August 2022

The number of mental health problems in children and adolescents has been increasing. One of the causes of mental health problems is trauma in the family, such as childhood adversities. The aim of this study was to review the relationship between childhood adversities and mental health problems. The method in this study was a systematic review using three databases: CINAHL, PubMed, and SCOPUS. The results of the review were reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. The keywords used in this study were mental health or mental illness or mental disorder or psychiatric illness AND adolescents or teenagers or teenagers or youth AND parental divorce or parental separation OR parental death or parental loss or parentally bereaved. The inclusion criteria for the articles were English language and published from 2017 to 2021. This study recorded 477 articles, screened according to the topic, and then the final articles were 35. The results of the systematic review showed evidence that childhood adversities were related to mental health problems according to the ICD-10 diagnosis, ADHD and personality disorders, depression, post-traumatic, smoking behavior, and alcohol abuse, and distress. Interventions for children with childhood adversities were needed to prevent mental health disorders.
Association of Drain Use in Ankle Arthrodesis With Increased Blood Transfusion Risk: A National Observational Study
Authors: Okewunmi Jeffrey , Chan Jimmy J. , Poeran Jashvant , Zubizarreta Nicole , Mazumdar Madhu , Vulcano Ettore
Published: August 2022

Background:

Closed wound drainage has been extensively studied in the hip and knee arthroplasty literature with equivocal results on its clinical benefits. Although also used in orthopaedic surgeries like ankle arthrodesis and ankle arthroplasty, large-scale data are currently lacking on utilization patterns and real-world effectiveness. We, therefore, aimed to address this research gap in this distinct surgical cohort using national claims data.

Methods:

Using the Premier Healthcare claims database from 2006 to 2016, ankle arthrodesis (n=10,085) and ankle arthroplasty (n=4,977) procedures were included. The main effect was drain use, defined by detailed billing descriptions. Outcomes included blood transfusion, 90-day readmission, and length and cost of hospitalization. Mixed-effects models measured associations between drain use and outcomes. Odds ratios (OR, or % change), 95% CIs, and P values are reported.

Results:

Overall, drains were used in 11% (n=1,074) and 15% (n=755) of ankle arthrodesis and ankle arthroplasty procedures, respectively. Drain use dramatically decreased over the years in both surgery types: from 14% to 6% and 24% to 7% between 2006 and 2016, for arthrodesis and ankle arthroplasty procedures, respectively. After adjustment for relevant covariates, drain use was associated with increased odds of blood transfusion in ankle arthrodesis surgery (OR 1.4, CI 1.1-1.8, P = .0168), whereas differences that were statistically but not clinically significant were seen in cost and length of stay. In total ankle arthroplasty, no statistically significant associations were observed between drain use and the selected outcomes.

Conclusion:

This is the first national study on drain use in ankle surgery. We found a decrease in use over time. Drain use was associated with higher odds of blood transfusion in ankle arthrodesis patients. Although this negative effect may be mitigated by the rapidly decreasing use of drains, future studies are needed to discern drivers of drain use in this distinct surgical population.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study
Natural gas system performance in Magna M5.7 2020 earthquake
Authors: Eidinger John M , Maison Bruce F , McDonough Peter W
Published: August 2022

The 8 March 2020 Magna M5.7 earthquake struck 4 km north-northwest of the Magna township located about 20 km (12 mi) west of downtown Salt Lake City, Utah. This article documents the performance of the natural gas system in the Magna earthquake. From a system-wide perspective, the gas system performed well with no leaks in transmission pipes, 1 leak in distribution mains, 11 leaks in lateral services, and 468 leaks at gas meter sets. There were no fires associated with gas leaks. Good performance can be attributed in part to the earthquake having relatively low intensity and short duration over much of the region as well as widespread use of steel for transmission and polyethylene (PE) for distribution pipes. About one-in-four mobile homes located close to the epicenter suffered extensive damage with many suffering gas leaks. This article also elaborates on issues with meter sets adjacent to mobile homes.