bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspects of non-interacting and interacting universe: a complete scenario
Authors: Raushan Rakesh , Shukla A.K. , Chaubey R.
Published: August 2022

The evolution of the dark energy within the scope of a spatially homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Robertson–Walker model filled with barotropic fluid and dark energy is examined. We have considered the two cases of an interacting and non-interacting two-fluid (barotropic and dark energy) scenario and obtained the exact solutions to the corresponding field equations. In an interacting model, we have considered linear as well as quadratic interaction between dark sectors of the universe. We have also given the quadrature form for general interaction coupling parameter via Q = αρ m n, n ⩾ 1 and discussed the evolution of energy densities and effective equation of state with cosmic time for flat, closed, and open universes. It is also examined that the matter energy density is dominated in early phase of the universe, whereas the dark energy density is dominated in later phase of the universe for both scenarios, which is in concurrence with current observations.
Renormalizable standard model extension with S4 symmetry for neutrino mass and mixing
Authors: Vien V.V.
Published: August 2022

We suggest a renormalizable standard model extension based on S4 symmetry that accommodates the recent observed neutrino oscillation pattern. Through the type-I seesaw mechanism, the smallness of the active neutrino mass and its hierarchy are produced. The model generates the updated data on neutrino parameters in which the reactor neutrino mixing angle θ13, the atmospheric neutrino mixing θ23, and the Dirac phase δ for both NH and IH belong to 1σ range, while the solar mixing angle θ12 = 35.70° belongs to 2σ range. The effective masses are found to be 〈 mee〉 = 5.74 meV for NH and 〈 mee〉 = 48.1 meV for IH within their allowed constraints.
Existence of energy density homogeneity for radiating spheres in f ( G , T ) gravity
Authors: Yousaf Z. , Bhatti M. Z. , Farhat A.
Published: August 2022

This work discusses the responsible quantities of the emergence inhomogeneity by taking locally anisotropic radiating fluid in [Formula: see text] theory, where T and [Formula: see text] indicate the trace of stress energy tensor and Gauss–Bonnet terms. The temporal and radial change in mass function is observed with the help of a modified version of Einstein’s field equations. To observe the dynamics of self-gravitating fluid, the dynamical equations and differential equations for conformal tensor are constructed, which help to understand the role of correction terms, Weyl curvature, and fluid parameter in the energy–density irregularity. Various forms of fluid are addressed to meet the desired results.
Addendum to: Dynamical torsion suppression in Brans–Dicke inflation and Lorentz violation (Eur Phys J C (2022)): Einstein–Cartan–Brans–Dicke–Maxwell universe with a chiral dynamo?
Authors: de Andrade L. C. Garcia
Published: August 2022

We have recently shown that in Einstein–Cartan–Brans–Dicke (ECBD) gravity, torsion effects are not present in today’s universe because they are suppressed in a four-dimensional system, as in the bulk of five-dimensional braneworld endowed with torsion. In this addendum, we naturally introduce new features on the ECBD Maxwell Lagrangian dynamics deriving the chiral dynamo equation, and studying its physical properties. Magnetogenesis results are derived in this ECBDM universe. In particular we show, in the present universe, torsional magnetic fields of the second-order in the ohmic resistivity behave as $$B_{{\text {ECBD}}}=10^{-13}$$

B
ECBD

=

10

-
13

Gauss, which is exactly the estimate made by Miniati et al. (Phys Rev Lett, 2018) for the axion QCD magnetic field in the present universe. We found this at 1pc coherent length, whereas they found it at 20pc. To obtain this result, we consider a strong magnetic field of the order of the Biermann battery $$10^{30}G$$

10
30

G

. This seems to show that our model of ECBDM gravity can be used with success in inflationary magnetogenesis with torsion. Inflation or deflation are shown to depend upon torsion chirality. Torsion is shown to depend upon the BD parameter $${\omega }$$
ω
and decays in time as in the reference to which this addendum refers (Garcia de Andrade in Eur Phys J C, 2002).
A radiatively induced inverse seesaw model with hidden U(1) gauge symmetry
Authors: Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi , Sanyal Prasenjit
Published: August 2022

We propose an inverse seesaw scenario under hidden U(1) gauge symmetry, having rather natural hierarchies among neutral fermion mass scales. The hierarchies are derived from theory and experimental constraints. The theory requires Majorana exotic masses have to be induced at one-loop level. The experimental side requests that the Dirac mass terms has to be highly suppressed to satisfy the constraints from the lepton flavor violations (LFVs) such as $$\mu \rightarrow e\gamma $$

μ
→
e
γ

. In order to induce such a small Majorana exotic masses we introduce exotic fermions and bosons that also provide us additional intriguing phenomenologies such as muon anomalous magnetic moment, dark matter candidate as well as LFVs and deviations in leptonic Z decays. We analyze these phenomenologies including neutrino oscillation data numerically, and show allowed region. Finally, we discuss the DM candidate in both the cases of fermion and scalar boson, where we focus on rather lighter range that is equal or less than 10 GeV. The dominant contributions originate from interactions of hidden gauge sector, and we show allowed ranges for both cases.
THICKNESS OF THE CORACOHUMERAL LIGAMENT IN CASES OF RECURRENT SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Ahmad Rani
Published: August 2022

Enhancement of the joint capsule, fibrovascular tissue, and synovial membrane in the rotator cuff interval using MRI can aid the identification of adhesive capsulitis following intravenous gadolinium injection. This study assesses the thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (CHL) in the cases of recurrent shoulder dislocation and identifies the status of the CHL in these cases. A 3T MRI machine was used to perform the imaging. Patients were included with a history of at least two episodes of shoulder dislocation at the radiology department of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2017 to May 2020. A total of 177 patients were diagnosed with recurrent shoulder dislocation through its associated symptoms, out of which 107 had a history of shoulder dislocation. A mean CHL thickness was reported in the control group as 1.6 (± 0.49) mm, while in patients with shoulder dislocation it was reported as 2.84 (± 0.91) mm. A statistically significant relationship was observed between CHL thickness and the presence of Hill-Sachs and Bankart lesions. The study concluded that increased CHL thickness is strongly correlated with shoulder dislocation: there is a good predictability of shoulder dislocation based on the presence of thickened CHL.
Dilation-and-modulation Parseval frames in the half space
Authors: Li Yun-Zhang , Li Ya-Nan
Published: August 2022

Due to [Formula: see text] not being a group under addition, [Formula: see text] admits no traditional wavelet or Gabor frame. This paper addresses a class of dilation-and-modulation ([Formula: see text]) Parseval frames for [Formula: see text]. We present a parametric expression of all [Formula: see text]-Parseval frames (frame sequences) and [Formula: see text]-orthonormal bases (systems); and develop an approach to obtain all [Formula: see text]-Parseval frames (frame sequences) and [Formula: see text]-orthonormal bases (systems) starting with one [Formula: see text]-Parseval frame for [Formula: see text].
Whole-Body Compliant Control of Robot Arms Based on Distributed Flexible Tactile Electronic Skin
Authors: He Bin , Liu Hao , Xu Caiyue , Wang Yafei , Lu Ping , Zhou Yanmin
Published: August 2022

Robots are now working outside of industrial fences more and more closely with humans. Safety is the primary requirement for intimate human–robot interactions. Contacts could happen at any and multipoints of robot. Tactile sensors have great potentials for contact sensing. However, their implementation for the whole-body compliance of robots upon unknown contacts is still challenging. In this work, a systematic solution is proposed. A dual-arm humanoid platform is constructed with distributed tactile sensors on its arms and body. Cheap and easy accessed resistive flexible tactile sensors are used. A data collection and signal processing system is developed for the sensing system with scalable capabilities. External contacts on the robot can be monitored by a visualized system. The multipoint contact force is calculated with the sensor positions taken into consideration. A PD controller-based compliant force control algorithm is proposed in the joint space of the robot. Particularly, a geometry-based force propagation method is introduced in order to achieve overall whole-body compliance of the robot. Experiments verified the whole-body compliance of the robot arms. Safety could then be maintained for frequent human–robot interactions.
Nearness Subgroups
Authors: Tekin Özlem , Öztürk Mehmet Ali
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study some concepts of subgroups on weak nearness approximation spaces. We show some properties that are satisfied by usual subgroups are not satisfied in nearness subgroups. In addition to this, it is defined that nearness subgroup generated by a subset on weak nearness approximation spaces.
Regulation of Ag/g-C3N4 Contact Type by the Shape Control
Authors: Liu Mingzhu , Chen Jianming , Wang Yingnan , Liu Zhiping , Jiang Dan , Li Longfeng , Zhang Maolin
Published: August 2022

In a metal/semiconductor nanocomposite, the contact type (Ohmic or Schottky contact) is usually decided by the relative magnitude of the working function of the metal and the semiconductor. In this paper, the Ag/g-C3N4 contact type is regulated by controlling the shape of loaded Ag nanoparticles. Under light irradiation, the intensity of internal local electric field of Ag nanoparticle, generated from its surface plasma resonance absorption, will change with the shape of Ag nanoparticles, resulting in different contact types in Ag nanospheres/g-C3N4 nanocomposite and Ag nanoplates/g-C3N4 nanocomposite.
Peculiarities of the dependences of the dielectric properties of solid solutions of multicomponent systems on the electronegativity of their constituent cations
Authors: Konstantin Andryushin , Svetlana Dudkina , Lidiya Shilkina , Sushrisangita Sahoo , Maksim Moysa , Inna Andryushina , Iliya Verbenko , Larisa Reznichenko
Published: August 2022

Solid solutions (SS) of 3- and 4-component systems based on lead titanate-zirconate were prepared by the method of solid-phase reactions and uniaxial hot pressing. The dependences of the relative permittivity of polarized samples on the electronegativity (EN) of their constituent cations have been studied. The ferro-hardness of the SS (the stability of the domain structure to external influences) is shown to be directly dependent on the EN of elements B in the corresponding oxidation states, i.e., the degree of covalence of the B–O bond. The deviation from this dependence in SS with Ni and Cd is explained by their individual features, which result in changes in the degree of bond covalence in both cationic sublattices. The conducted crystal-chemical analysis made it possible to choose promising SS when creating ferroelectric materials, including textured piezoelectric ceramic materials for piezoelectric transducers for various purposes: Piezotransformers, piezoelectric motors, ultrasonic emitters, filter devices, ultrasonic flaw detectors, accelerometers, etc.
Anisotropy of geochemical distributions characterized by irregular window-based local singularity analysis
Authors: Wang Wenlei , Zhu Maoqiang
Published: August 2022

Supporting the discovery of new resources to maintain the continuous development of human society is a long-term goal in mineral exploration. Geochemical data as an important geo-information carrier played significant roles in geographical information system (GIS)-based mineral prospectivity. Among the various analytical methodologies, local singularity analysis has been broadly discussed due to its high efficiency in the characterization of non-linear mineralization. Focusing on this topic, the current study first reviews local singularity analysis from its original proposition to recent progresses. Meanwhile, limitations in square and rectangular window-based singularity index

α

estimation algorithms are discussed. Based on this, analytical window parameters in
U
-statistics and algorithms to quantify the power-law relationship between the physical quantity and the measuring scale in local singularity are integrated. At each scale, optical elliptical windows along all azimuth angles are determined and further merged, which defines an irregular analytical window. Irregular windows at all scales are further applied to local singularity analysis that can consequently propose an irregular window-based singularity algorithm. Practical application in the Duolong mineral district, northern Tibet, China demonstrates well the comparable efficiency of weak anomaly identification with that of the original algorithm. More importantly, multiscale irregular windows can supplement delicate patterns to characterize anisotropic natures associated with mineralization.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Applications of Innovations in Geochemical Data Analysis collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/applications-of-innovations-in-geochemical-data-analysis
Timing and stratigraphic evolution of a Miocene foreland unroofing sequence in the Austral–Magallanes Basin during Southern Patagonian Andes uplift
Authors: Aramendía I. , Cuitiño J. I. , Ghiglione M. C. , Bouza P. J.
Published: August 2022

Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology is a widely used technique for interpreting sedimentary provenance in basin systems. This, combined with detailed sedimentary facies interpretation and stratigraphy evolution, has been extensively applied in foreland basin settings to understand tectonic processes by tracking the exposure and erosion of distinct sediment source areas through time. We present a case study in the Miocene foreland sedimentary record of the NW Austral–Magallanes Basin (
c.
47° 30′ S), which is associated with the main phase of Andean uplift. We define three sedimentary units (SU) for palaeoenvironmental interpretation from shallow-marine deposits (SU-I) to mixed-load fluvial deposits (SU-II) to an alluvial fan (SU-III). Also, we constrain the timing of this synorogenic clastic wedge between
c.
20 and
c.
12 Ma applying U–Pb zircon maximum depositional ages of six sandstones and one tuff sample. From detrital zircon provenance analysis, we document a progressive upsection loss of contribution from younger units and an enrichment of older units derived from hinterland sources, suggesting the development of an unroofing erosional process owing to coeval Andean uplift of the cordilleran sources. Tectonostratigraphic stages determine the initial stages of orogenic uplift (Stage 1), the subsequent advance of the orogenic belt and progressive loss of accommodation space (Stage 2) and finally foreland clogging (Stage 3).

Supplementary material:
Geochronological U–Pb isotopic ratios are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6132000
The Carboniferous Langness Conglomerate Formation, Isle of Man; an alluvial fan rift-phase deposit
Authors: Strogen Peter
Published: August 2022

Re-examination of the Langness Conglomerate Formation (LCF) on the coast near Dreswick Harbour, Isle of Man, has established that it is over 65 m thick, twice previous estimates. It formed as a small stream-dominated fan deposit during syndepositional faulting which controlled thickness and facies variations. The sub-Carboniferous surface shows considerable relief, perhaps as much as 10 m and is intricately brecciated and channelled just beneath the base of the conglomerate indicating a pluvial climate even prior to deposition of the LCF. Palaeocurrent data shows that sediment was derived from the NNW. Low in the LCF the sediment is all local in origin, but more exotic material is present higher up. The succession matures texturally (sorting and rounding improve) and mineralogically (lithic sand decreases) upwards and the succession fines upwards. The finer, upper part onlaps northwards across the older Manx Group extending for over 4 km inland thinning to 8 metres. This is consistent with the view that the Isle of Man formed a regional high during the Lower Carboniferous. The LCF resulted from the initial fault movements that led to inundation of the Isle of Man High in the late Chadian to early Arundian.
Gradual System F
Authors: Labrada Elizabeth , Toro Matías , Tanter Éric
Published: August 2022

Bringing the benefits of gradual typing to a language with parametric polymorphism like System F, while preserving relational parametricity, has proven extremely challenging: first attempts were formulated a decade ago, and several designs have been recently proposed, with varying syntax, behavior, and properties. Starting from a detailed review of the challenges and tensions that affect the design of gradual parametric languages, this work presents an extensive account of the semantics and metatheory of GSF, a gradual counterpart of System F. In doing so, we also report on the extent to which the Abstracting Gradual Typing methodology can help us derive such a language. Among gradual parametric languages that follow the syntax of System F, GSF achieves a unique combination of properties. We clearly establish the benefits and limitations of the language, and discuss several extensions of GSF towards a practical programming language.
Multimodal 3-D/2-D human islet and duct imaging in exocrine and endocrine lesion environment: associated pancreas tissue remodeling
Authors: Chung Mei-Hsin , Chien Hung-Jen , Peng Shih-Jung , Chou Ya-Hsien , Chiang Tsai-Chen , Chang Hsiu-Pi , Lee Chih-Yuan , Chen Chien-Chia , Jeng Yung-Ming , Tien Yu-Wen , Tang Shiue-Cheng
Published: August 2022

We develop a new multimodal 3-D/2-D imaging approach (matched stereomicroscopic, fluorescence, and H&E signals) to examine human duct-islet association in the PDAC surgical margin and cadaveric donor pancreas. In both conditions, peri-PanIN islet aggregation with duct-islet cell clusters was identified. The PanIN-islet cell microadenoma association was unexpectedly detected in the donor pancreas. Our work provides the technical and morphological foundations to simultaneously characterize human islets and ducts to study their association in health and disease.
Individual sensorimotor adaptation characteristics are independent across orofacial speech movements and limb reaching movements
Authors: Kitchen Nick M. , Kim Kwang S. , Wang Prince Z. , Hermosillo Robert J. , Max Ludo
Published: August 2022

This study provides the first detailed demonstration that individual sensorimotor adaptation characteristics are independent across articulatory speech movements and limb reaching movements. Thus, individual sensorimotor learning abilities are effector system specific rather than generalized. Findings regarding one effector system do not necessarily apply to other systems, different underlying mechanisms may be involved, and implications for clinical rehabilitation or performance training also cannot be generalized.
In vitro longitudinal lumbar spinal cord preparations to study sensory and recurrent motor microcircuits of juvenile mice
Authors: Özyurt Mustafa Görkem , Ojeda-Alonso Julia , Beato Marco , Nascimento Filipe
Published: August 2022

In the past 20 years, most of the research into the mammalian spinal circuitry has been limited to in vitro preparations from embryonic and neonatal mice. We describe two in vitro longitudinal lumbar spinal cord preparations from juvenile mice that allow the study of motoneuron properties and respective afferent or efferent spinal circuits through whole cell patch clamp. These preparations will be useful to those interested in the study of microcircuits at mature stages of motor development.
The Impact of Physical Education and Sport on in Educational Outcomes and e-Learning Based on IoT
Authors: Xu Yanlong
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates the predictable proof that has been amassed on the obligations and advantages of genuine readiness and game (PES) in schools for the two youngsters and for schooling systems. Research affirmation is introduced similar to adolescents’ improvement in different spaces: physical, lifestyle, loaded with feeling, social, and mental. The review suggests that PES might conceivably commit to headway in all of these spaces. It is suggested that PES might potentially commit to the progression of young people’s vital improvement capacities and genuine abilities, which are principal heralds of help in later lifestyle and wearing proactive assignments. They similarly, when appropriately presented, can maintain the improvement of intuitive capacities and social approaches to acting, certainty, and proschool viewpoints and, in explicit circumstances, academic and mental development. The review in like manner centers around that a significant portion of these advantages will be influenced by the chance of organised endeavours among understudies and their teachers, guardians, and guides who work with them; the impacts will most likely be influenced by the chance of organised endeavours among understudies and their teachers, guardians, and guides who work with them. Settings that emphasise positive interactions, as evidenced by satisfaction, collection, and everyone’s responsibility, and that are supervised by submitted and organised instructors and mentors, as well as strong and informed gatekeepers, have a significant impact on the personality of these proactive tasks and the likelihood of obtaining the expected benefits of investment.
Disturbance of Fatty Acid Metabolism Promoted Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence via Acetyl-CoA-Induced Protein Acetylation Modification
Authors: Lin Tong , Yang Wan-qi , Luo Wen-wei , Zhang Li-li , Mai Yan-qi , Li Zi-qing , Liu Si-tong , Jiang Lu-jing , Liu Pei-qing , Li Zhuo-ming
Published: August 2022

Endothelial cell senescence is the main risk factor contributing to vascular dysfunction and the progression of aging-related cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between endothelial cell metabolism and endothelial senescence remains unclear. The present study provides novel insight into fatty acid metabolism in the regulation of endothelial senescence. In the replicative senescence model and H2O2-induced premature senescence model of primary cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), fatty acid oxidation (FAO) was suppressed and fatty acid profile was disturbed, accompanied by downregulation of proteins associated with fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial entry, in particular the FAO rate-limiting enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A). Impairment of fatty acid metabolism by silencing CPT1A or CPT1A inhibitor etomoxir facilitated the development of endothelial senescence, as implied by the increase of p53, p21, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase, as well as the decrease of EdU-positive proliferating cells. In the contrary, rescue of FAO by overexpression of CPT1A or supplement of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate and propionate ameliorated endothelial senescence. In vivo, treatment of acetate for 4 weeks lowered the blood pressure and alleviated the senescence-related phenotypes in aortas of Ang II-infused mice. Mechanistically, fatty acid metabolism regulates endothelial senescence via acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), as implied by the observations that suppression of acetyl-CoA production using the inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase NDI-091143 accelerated senescence of HUVECs and that supplementation of acetyl-CoA prevented H2O2-induced endothelial senescence. Deficiency of acetyl-CoA resulted in alteration of acetylated protein profiles which are associated with cell metabolism and cell cycle. These findings thus suggest that improvement of fatty acid metabolism might ameliorate endothelial senescence-associated cardiovascular diseases.
Lysionotin Induces Ferroptosis to Suppress Development of Colorectal Cancer via Promoting Nrf2 Degradation
Authors: Gao Zhuo , Jiang Junnan , Hou Lijian , Ji Fujian
Published: August 2022

Extensive use of substances derived from natural sources has been documented in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Lysionotin (Lys) is a flavonoid present in the flowers and leaves of Gesneriaceae family plants. Despite its various pharmacological properties, which include neuroprotective, pro, antimalarial, and anticancer effects, the therapeutic advantages of Lys for CRC remain uncertain. In this present study, we demonstrated that Lys treatment successfully inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells in vitro. Intriguingly, significant ferroptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in CRC cells were induced by Lys treatment, whereas antagonism of ferroptosis by Liproxstatin-1 (Lip1) pretreatment retarded the anti-CRC effects of Lys. In addition, Lys reduced the amount of Nrf2 protein in CRC cells by increasing the rate at which it is degraded. Overexpression of Nrf2 rescued Lys reduced ferroptosis, suggesting the Nrf2 signaling is a crucial determinant of whether Lys induces ferroptosis in CRC cells. We also revealed that Lys suppressed tumor growth in vivo without obvious adverse effects on the main organs of mice. In conclusion, our results discovered that Lys treatment induced ferroptosis to exert antitumor effects in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells by modulating Nrf2 signaling, providing a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention of colorectal cancer.
Application of the Deep Pretrained Language Model Processing Method in Social Network Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Yana A.
Published: August 2022

In social network, users can manage their social network and social identity, publish information on various topics, and obtain information published by other users through friend relationship. The resulting large amount of text data attract more and more scholars to study it. Text sentiment analysis has become a hot spot in social network data analysis and has important application value in academic field, social field, and business field. Based on the idea of pre-training, this paper improves the random word masking algorithm of deep pretraining task in the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation) model to improve the efficiency and stability of model pretraining. Second, a new pretraining task of original sentence judgment is designed to enable the model to measure the degree of sentence smoothness, so that the BERT model can better understand the semantics of context. By referring to the idea of attention mechanism, a deep learning framework with attention weight added into gated convolution is constructed and the special attention weight method is adopted to enhance semantic information. Second, gating convolution and attention mechanism are combined to model aspect-related semantic information and text complete semantic information. Finally, classify the emotion classifier layer of social network, use Softmax function to complete negative, positive, and neutral multiple classifications and calculate the result of emotion classification. By applying the optimized convolutional neural network cyclic optimization network to single task and multitask in practice, the feasibility of applying the optimized convolutional neural network and cyclic neural network to social network sentiment analysis is verified.
A Novel Methodology for Credit Spread Prediction: Depth-Gated Recurrent Neural Network with Self-Attention Mechanism
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhou Rongxi , Qi Daifeng , Xiong Yahui
Published: August 2022

This paper develops a depth-gated recurrent neural network (DGRNN) with self-attention mechanism (SAM) based on long-short-term memory (LSTM)\gated recurrent unit (GRU) \Just Another NETwork (JANET) neural network to improve the accuracy of credit spread prediction. The empirical results of the U.S. bond market indicate that the DGRNN model is more effective than traditional machine learning methods. Besides, we discovered that the Depth-JANET model with one gated unit performs better than Depth-GRU and Depth-LSTM models with more gated units. Furthermore, comparative analyses reveal that SAM significantly improves DGRNN’s prediction performance. The results show that Depth-JANET neural network with SAM outperforms most other methods in credit spread prediction.
“The Good, the Bad and the Ugly”: Interplay of Innate Immunity and Inflammation
Authors: Alemán Mercedes
Published: August 2022

Innate immunity recognizes microorganisms through certain invariant receptors named pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) by sensing conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Their recognition activates several signaling pathways that lead the transcription of inflammatory mediators, contributing to trigger a very rapid inflammatory cascade aiming to contain the local infection as well as activating and instructing the adaptive immunity in a specific and synchronized immune response according to the microorganism. Inflammation is a coordinated process involving the secretion of cytokines and chemokines by macrophages and neutrophils leading to the migration of other leukocytes along the endothelium into the injured tissue. Sustained inflammatory responses can cause deleterious effects by promoting the development of autoimmune disorders, allergies, cancer, and other immune pathologies, while weak signals could exacerbate the severity of the disease. Therefore, PRR-mediated signal transduction must be tightly regulated to maintain host immune homeostasis. Innate immunity deficiencies and strategies deployed by microbes to avoid inflammatory responses lead to an altered immune response that allows the pathogen to proliferate causing death or uncontrolled inflammation. This review analyzes the complexity of the immune response at the beginning of the disease focusing on COVID-19 disease and the importance of unraveling its mechanisms to be considered when treating diseases and designing vaccines.
Preparation and Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Modified Nanocrystalline Cellulose Reinforced Polylactic Acid Bionanocomposites
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhang Ping , Wang Jiajun , Gao De
Published: August 2022

The solution casting method was used to prepare polylactic acid/modified nanocrystalline cellulose (PLA/mNCC) composites, and the effects of the mNCC content on the morphology, thermal characteristics, and rheological properties of the PLA nanocomposite were examined. The PLA microcellular foaming nanocomposite was prepared using supercritical CO2 foaming. Furthermore, the foaming conditions were optimized, and the effect of NCC surface modification, as well as the content and interfacial force of nanoparticles, on the foaming efficiency and cell pattern of composites was examined. The results suggested that a sufficient number of nanoparticles increased the nucleation site for foaming and played a vital role in heterogeneous nucleation in the foaming system. An ideal microcellular foaming material with an average cell diameter of 6.97 μm and a cell density of 6.05 × 109 cells/cm3 was prepared when the foaming temperature was 110°C, the foaming pressure was 18 MPa, the incubation period was 2 h, and the mNCC content was 6%.
Analysis of Sleep Quality and TCM Constitution Characteristics in 258 Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Outpatient Cases
Authors: Liu Chang , Qu Jing , Chen Luquan , Liu Ruijie
Published: August 2022

Objective. To explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions and insomnia by studying the distribution characteristics of different TCM constitutions in an outpatient insomnia population. Methods. From November 2020 to March 2021, 258 patients in the outpatient department of the Traditional Medicine Department of Tongren Hospital were interviewed using some questionnaires (Athens Insomnia Scale and constitution of traditional Chinese medicine), and correlation analysis was conducted. Results. The participants consisted of 152 (58.91%) insomniacs and 106 (41.09%) noninsomniacs. The top four biased constitutions of the insomniac population (the same patient may have two or more constitutions simultaneously), as determined from the proportions of constitutions in ascending order, are as follows: Qi deficiency constitution, 95 cases (62.50%); Yang deficiency constitution, 85 cases (45.95%); blood stasis, 70 cases (37.84%); and qi stagnation, 65 cases (35.14%). The results of the Spearman correlation analysis showed that the standard scores of qi deficiency, Yang deficiency, blood stasis, and Qi stagnation were positively correlated with the total score of AIS (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Insomnia is correlated and the TCM constitution bias, Qi deficiency, Yang deficiency, blood stasis, and Qi stagnation exhibiting the highest correlation.
MRI Findings of Pituitary Gland in Growth Hormone‐Deficient Children and Their Correlation with Growth Hormone Peak during Growth Hormone Stimulation Tests
Authors: Chen Jun , Wang Xiaofei , He Chengyong , Wei Siwen
Published: August 2022

This study aims to explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the pituitary gland (PG) in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and their correlation with the growth hormone (GH) peak during clinical GH stimulation tests. Sixty‐one children with GHD diagnosed and treated between December 2018 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinical and pituitary morphological MRI data. MRI measurements of various diameters of the adenohypophysis (AH) were obtained to analyze the differences of the measured values in different genders and age groups, as well as their relationship with the GH peak in GH stimulation tests. Among the 61 children with GHD, the superior PG margin was protuberant in 2 cases, flat in 13 cases, and concave in 46 cases. The three age groups showed similar pituitary morphology and stalk (P > 0.05). On T1‐weighted images, the proportion of isointensity was lower while the proportion of slightly‐low signal intensity was higher in the anterior pituitary gland (APG) of children aged >10 compared with those aged 7–10. The comparison of AH linear parameters and GH peak values of male patients among different age groups showed that the anteroposterior (sagittal) diameter of AH and GH peak were the highest in the >10‐year‐old group and the lowest in the ≤6‐year‐old group, with those of the 7–10‐year‐old group in between (P < 0.05). In females, the anteroposterior (sagittal) diameter and GH peak were higher in the 7–10‐year‐old group and >10‐year‐old group compared with the ≤6‐year‐old group (P < 0.05). The MRI coronal and sagittal heights of PG in children with GHD were positively correlated with the GH peak value. In conclusion, in GHD patients, the coronal and sagittal heights as well as the coronal width of AH do not change with sex or age, but the coronal and sagittal heights of PG are positively correlated with the GH peak of GH stimulation tests, which has high application value in the diagnosis of children with GHD.
A Hash-Based Fast Image Encryption Algorithm
Authors: Han Ruifeng
Published: August 2022

Many specialists and academics have recently become interested in the security of digital images in applications for the Internet of Things. Hash-based digital image encryption algorithms with high unified average changing intensity (

UACI
>
30.96

percent) and only one pixel difference from the plain image would therefore adjust plenty of the pixels in the cipher image and have indeed been suggested to maintain the protection of images in the Internet of Things (

NPCR
>
98.77

percent). Theoretical study and simulation results show that the suggested approach can fix these issues while retaining all the advantages of the original. The proposed image encryption algorithm has important application value for strengthening the security of the Internet of Things.
Influence of Nano Boric Acid Material in Bio-Diesel Blends to Enhance the Surface Quality with Minimum Quality Lubrication
Authors: Bade Venkata Suresh , Srinivasa Rao Yenda , Yegireddi Shireesha , Eshete Girma
Published: August 2022

Machining with conventional process of lubrication is a general industrial practice for diminishing cutting forces, high temperature, and friction. During the machining process, cutting fluid characteristics plays a crucial role in enhancing machining performance when it is properly chosen. The harmful gases during machining process are often hazardous to individuals and the environment. It is also economically unviable if the cutting fluid cost, method of application, and flow rate is underestimated. Due to chip obstruction and poor absorption, a high amount of heat is liberated and as a result high quantity and high quality of lubricant or coolant are need to be supplied between the chip-tool interfaces consistently. This process becomes costly and degrades the environment. In the current work, nano powder of boric acid is chosen as solid type lubricant in turning process, which is blended with bio-diesel consisting of coconut oil as base oil. The outcomes of nano powder mixed bio-diesel cutting fluids exhibited significant enhancement in machining characteristics when it is compared with wet and dry machining. And also, Taguchi method of orthogonal representation is considered to determine the optimum weight percentage of the bio-diesel blends at different conditions of the machining process. The optimum machining conditions were obtained at high machining operation with a feed of 0.04 mm/min, speed of 600 rpm, and toll diameter of 0.5 mm.
Optical Hybrid Network Structure Based on Cloud Computing and Big Data Technology
Authors: Wei Huiting
Published: August 2022

In order to meet the communication requirements of photoelectric hybrid network architecture, a research based on cloud computing and big data technology is proposed. The main content of this study is based on the analysis of cloud computing and big data technology, through the study of technical characteristics, using topological optical link with bypass data structure and other methods, and finally through experiments and analysis to build the research means of cloud computing and big data technology. The experimental results show that the weights of optical links are 60, 50 and 20, respectively. When the weights of optical links become smaller, node B reaches the paths of the six destination nodes. More paths can be transmitted through optical links, and the size of the range of nearby links can be controlled, which is feasible for the photoelectric hybrid network structure. Conclusion: The research based on cloud computing and big data technology can meet the needs of photoelectric hybrid network structure in communication.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Glucocorticoids on Adult Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Wu Haopeng , Chen Li , Lin Hui , Sheng Fen
Published: August 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of glucocorticoids in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by meta-analysis. Methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Biomedical literature database were searched. A randomized controlled trial (RCTS) on glucocorticoid therapy in adult patients with ARDS was conducted from the time of database construction to December 2021. The content is about the randomized controlled trial (RCT) of glucocorticoid treatment for adult patients with ARDS, without limiting the dose and course of glucocorticoid treatment. The quality of the included RCTS was evaluated by using the bias risk assessment tool of the Cochrane Collaboration network, and the basic information, clinical features, and target outcomes of the literature were extracted. The effects of glucocorticoids on mortality and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) in adult ARDS patients were evaluated by meta-analysis. Results. A total of 1,441 ARDS patients in 10 RCTs were finally included, including 734 patients in the glucocorticoid treatment group (hormone group) and 707 patients in the conventional treatment group (control group). The 10 studies included have a good overall design and high quality. Compared with controls, glucocorticoid use was significantly associated with a decrease in mortality in adult ARDS patients (relative risk (RR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.59–0.90,

P
=
0.003

). Analysis showed that glucocorticoids significantly reduced the mortality in ARDS patients treated with medium and low doses of steroids (RR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.58–0.92,

P
=
0.007

). In patients with early administration of steroids, intervention with glucocorticoids was significantly associated with the decreased mortality in adult ARDS patients compared with controls (RR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.56–0.99,

P
=
0.04

). Among patients with more than 7 days of hormone therapy, treatment with glucocorticoids was significantly associated with decreased mortality in adult ARDS patients (RR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.50–0.88,

P
=
0.005

) compared with controls. Glucocorticoids tended to improve PaO2/FiO2 in adult ARDS patients compared with controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 11.60, 95% = CI = 15.02–38.22,

P
=
0.39

). Conclusion. Glucocorticoid therapy can reduce mortality in adult ARDS patients, and the benefit is more pronounced in patients with medium- and low-dose hormone therapy, early hormone administration, and hormone therapy for more than 7 days. However, no improvement in PaO2/FiO2 by glucocorticoid treatment was found, which needs to be confirmed by further studies.
The Correlation between Serum Sclerostin Level and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Liu Fang , Ma Hongbin , Ma Yongfeng , Zhou Wei , Wang Chenlu , Xiong Yongli
Published: August 2022

Objective. To study the correlation between serum sclerostin (SO) and arterial stiffness in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods. The study included 50 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for more than 6 months at the nephrology department of our hospital. Without regard for age, the eligible patients were assigned to a low PWV group and a high PWV group with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Ba PWV) of 1400 cm/s as the cutoff value. Patient characteristics such as age, gender, height, weight, BMI, smoking history, dialysis age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), urea clearance index (Kt/V), residual renal function (RRF), and diabetes mellitus (DM) were analyzed. Biochemical indices for analysis include hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), triglyceride (TG), uric acid (UA), parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood phosphorus(P), fasting blood glucose (GLU), corrective calcium (Ca), calcium-phosphorus product, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), SO, and arterial stiffness. Results. There were 9 males and 16 females in the low PWV group and 12 males and 13 females in the high PWV group. Statistical significance was absent in patient characteristics despite more males in the high PWV group (

P
=
0.055

). The low PWV group had significantly lower mean age, SBP, SO, and PWV level, fewer diabetic patients, and higher CREA than the control group. Analysis of PWV-related factors showed that PWV was positively correlated with age, P, Ca, GLU, SBP, PTH, and SO while negatively correlated with CREA. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, SO, and SBP demonstrated great potential to predict PWV (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The degree of vascular sclerosis is highly correlated with SO level in Parkinson’s disease patients, which might provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of cardiovascular illness in Parkinson’s disease patients. High serum sclerostin level is a risk factor for deteriorated arterial stiffness. Given the limited sample size, the relevant results require further validation by expanding the sample size.
Challenging, Safe, and Effective Use of External Iliac Vein for Insertion of Tunneled Cuffed Hemodialysis Catheters: A Single-Center Prospective Study
Authors: Abd El-Hameed Ayman R. , Abdelhamid Walid A. R.
Published: August 2022

Background. Providing well-functioning vascular access is crucial for patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Peripheral arteriovenous fistulas and grafts are the preferred accesses in hemodialysis patients. Patients with bilateral obstruction of internal jugular veins and subclavian veins require a suitable vascular access. Thus, the insertion of iliac vein tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) by interventional nephrologists may be a good option for these patients. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of iliac vein TCCs in patients lacking other vascular options. Methods. 80 tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheters were inserted through the iliac veins of 80 patients with an end-stage kidney disease. Catheter insertion was guided by Doppler ultrasonography followed by plain radiography to detect the catheter tip and exclude complications. Results. The insertion success rate was 100%. 25 patients developed catheter-related infections. The mean survival time per catheter was 328 days. At the end of the study, 40 catheters were still functioning, 15 patients were shifted to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 5 patients were referred to the interventional radiology department for insertion of transhepatic inferior vena cava tunneled catheters. Resistant catheter-related infection was the main cause of catheter removal in 11 patients (17.5%) in this study. Catheter malfunction was the second most common cause of catheter removal in 9 patients (11.25%). Conclusion. This study concluded that iliac vein TCCs can provide suitable vascular access in hemodialysis patients with bilateral obstruction of internal jugular veins and subclavian veins.
3D Mechanical Characters and Their Fabric Evolutions of Granular Materials by DEM Simulation
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Lu Weinan , He Yuqi
Published: August 2022

To quantitatively describe the influence of the contact characteristics of granular materials on their mechanical response, the true-triaxial tests with different particle shapes are simulated by the discrete element method (DEM), and the connection between the evolutions of particle contact fabric and the anisotropic mechanical responses is studied. The contact normal vector of the particle in 3D space is described by two independent angles, by which the contact fabric tensor is defined. The amplitude parameters in three orthogonal directions are defined by the invariants of the plane fabric tensor, which are scalars and describe the degree of anisotropy of the contact fabric in each plane. The expression of orthotropic fabric tensor is derived from the amplitude parameters, with the change of geometric space of contact normal vector, which is reduced to the different tensor of transverse isotropic naturally. The fabric tensor can be directly applied to the constitutive equation to describe the effects of the particle contact on the mechanical response. For verifying the rationality of contact characteristics described by fabric tensor, four particle shapes are clumped by PFC3D. The mechanical properties of specimens with different particles are simulated under the true-triaxial loading path, and the data of contact normal vector is extracted in real time. The simulation results showed that the particle shapes have a significant effect on the 3D stress-strain relationship and strength, which showed apparent anisotropy, and the invariants of fabric tensor can be used to describe the evolution of particle contact in the loading process.