2621. Social Risk Factors for RSV-related Hospitalizations in Adults ≥ 50 years of age
Authors: De Castro Khalel , Tippett Ashley , Hussaini Laila , Salazar Luis W , Reese Olivia , Ciric Caroline R , Li Wensheng , Hsiao Hui-Mien , Stephens Kathy , Gibson Theda , Begier Elizabeth , Liu Qing , Hubler Robin , Gessner Bradford D , Lopman Benjamin , Rouphael Nadine , Kamidani Satoshi , Anderson Evan J , Rostad Christina A 
Published: November 2023

Background

Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common pathogen in older adults, little is known about the social risk factors for RSV hospitalization in this population. In this study, we sought to evaluate the social determinants of RSV-related hospitalizations in older adults.

Methods

From October 2018 to March 2020, we enrolled patients ≥50 years of age who were admitted with an acute respiratory infection (ARI) or CHF/COPD exacerbation at two Emory University hospitals. Enrolled patients were interviewed regarding their medical and social history and their medical charts were abstracted. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and standard-of-care specimens were obtained for BioFire® Respiratory Panel analysis. Demographic, interview responses, and selected comorbidities were compared with bivariate analysis and generated a stepwise logistic regression model with inclusion in the model set at 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS v.9.4.

Results

Of the 1429 enrolled participants, 78 (5.5%) were RSV-positive (Table 1). Compared to RSV-negative participants, those with RSV were more commonly female (66.7% vs. 55.3%, P=0.05), immunocompromised (43.6% vs. 31.5%, P=0.03) and particularly with HIV/AIDS (11.5% vs. 3.5%, P=0.003), and had traveled &gt; 100 miles in the prior 2 weeks (12.8% vs. 6.7%, P=0.04). No significant differences were found between the groups by baseline health status or other comorbidities. Participants with RSV had higher frequency of low to moderate activity at baseline than those who were RSV-negative. No significant differences were identified for those living with children or performing childcare ≥ 6 hours a week. Adjusting for sex, activity frequency, travel, and immunocompromised status, those who were male (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.16, 3.15), exercised 2-3 times per week (OR 2.3, 95%CI 1.26, 4.38), traveled (OR 2.3, 95%CI 1.09, 4.70), or were immunocompromised (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.10, 2.85) had greater odds of RSV positivity compared to the reference groups (Table 2).Table 1.Demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes of older adults (50+yo) admitted to hospital with ARI or CHF/COPD exacerbation by RSV status. *1 missing response, RSV Negative **Immunocompromised defined as patients having: cancer, HIV/AIDS, solid organ transplant, stem cell/bone marrow transplant, long-term steroid use, or other immune decreasing conditions  

Conclusion

Among ARI hospitalizations, RSV prevalence was higher for female sex, immunocompromised status, and those that travelled within the preceding two weeks. Understanding risk factors for severe RSV hospitalization may inform prevention recommendations.

Disclosures

Elizabeth Begier, M.D., M.P.H., Pfizer: EB is an employee of Pfizer, the sponsor of this study|Pfizer: Stocks/Bonds Qing Liu, M.S., Pfizer Inc.: Stocks/Bonds Robin Hubler, MS, Pfizer, Inc.: Employee|Pfizer, Inc.: Stocks/Bonds Bradford D. Gessner, M.D., M.P.H., Pfizer: I am an employee of Pfizer|Pfizer: Stocks/Bonds Benjamin Lopman, PhD, Epidemiological Research and Methods, LLC: Advisor/Consultant|Hillevax, Inc: Advisor/Consultant Nadine Rouphael, MD, Icon, EMMES, Sanofi, Seqirus, Moderna: Advisor/Consultant Satoshi Kamidani, MD, CDC: Grant/Research Support|Emergent BioSolutions: Grant/Research Support|NIH: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer Inc: Grant/Research Support Evan J. Anderson, MD, GSK: Advisor/Consultant|GSK: Grant/Research Support|Janssen: Advisor/Consultant|Janssen: Grant/Research Support|Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc.: Safety Monitoring Board|Moderna: Advisor/Consultant|Moderna: Grant/Research Support|Moderna: Currently an employee|Moderna: Stocks/Bonds|Pfizer: Advisor/Consultant|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support|Sanofi Pasteur: Advisor/Consultant|Sanofi Pasteur: Grant/Research Support|Sanofi Pasteur: Safety Monitoring Board|WCG/ACI Clinical: Data Adjudication Board Christina A. Rostad, MD, BioFire Inc.: Grant/Research Support|GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals: Grant/Research Support|Janssen: Grant/Research Support|MedImmune LLC: Grant/Research Support|Meissa Vaccines, Inc.: RSV vaccine technology|Merck & Co., Inc.: Grant/Research Support|Micron Technology, Inc.: Grant/Research Support|Moderna, Inc.: Grant/Research Support|Novavax: Grant/Research Support|PaxVax: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer, Inc.: Grant/Research Support|Regeneron: Grant/Research Support|Sanofi Pasteur: Grant/Research Support