bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«I HAVE ALREADY BECOME A CONSCIOUS UKRAINIAN FOREVER» (DMYTRO BAGALIY – THE OUTSTANDING UKRAINIAN HISTORIAN AND PUBLIC ACTIVIST)
Authors: Kotsur Anatoliy
Published: June 2020

The article reveals the most important milestones of the life and activity of the famous Ukrainian historian and public figure D. Bagaliy. It is emphasized on his contribution to the Ukrainian national revival. The scientific heritage of D. Bahaliy is analyzed. It includes about 350 works, in particular, monographs, archaeological publications, scientific articles on the history of Ukraine, historiography, archival studies, sources of sources, etc. It was emphasized, that the center of his attention was the history of Slobidska Ukraine, its socio-economic and cultural development, the heritage of H. Skovoroda, the history of Kharkiv and Kharkiv University. D. Bahaliy is the founder and leader of the scientific school of researchers of Slobozhanschyna and Left-Bank Ukraine in Kharkiv. The active social activity of the scientist as a representative of the liberal scientific intelligentsia was determined.

There is haracterized the fundamental work of D. Bahaliy «The History of Slobidska Ukraine»(1918).

It is about geography, ethnography, socio-economic and political life, spiritual and material culture of Slobozhanschyna, etc.

There is considered the main thesis of D. Bahaliy about the unceasing civilization development from simple to more complex forms, the leading role of the masses in history. Documentalism is an important part of the scientific works of D. Bahaliy.

It is highlighted the contribution of the scientist to the development of Ukrainian regional studies. His scientific contributions are presented in this context.
CAVES OF KYIV-PECHERSK LAVRA IN DIARIES OF THE KYIV METROPOLITA SERAPION
Authors: Lastovska Oksana
Published: June 2020

The article explores the diaries of the Kyivan Metropolitan Serapion (Alexandrovsky) as a historical source, written by him in 1804-1824. They serve as one of the main sources for studying the development of church building in Kyiv at the beginning of the nineteenth century. These diaries were studied by historians in the nineteenth century, but were only partially published. At the same time, they retain a significant amount of information related to the daily life of the city, the status of certain church monuments, church building, etc. Metropolitan paid particular attention in his diaries to the state and development of the Kyiv-Pechersk Monastery.

During 1803-1822, Serapion (Alexandrovsky) (1747-1824) served as Metropolitan of Kyiv. He simultaneously performed the functions of the archimandrite of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra. Historians paid him little attention to him. About him wrote E. Bolkhovitinov, V. Askochenski, Ph. Ternovsky, V. Ikonnikov, D. Blazheiovsky and others. After Serapion's death, there were a few tabs of personal diaries. In them, the Metropolitan recorded his daily activities and impressions of the events that took place with him and around him. His diaries were the subject of scientific research in the nineteenth century.

The greatest interest is the information concerning the state of Lavra caves in the early nineteenth century. These are the records of the Metropolitan on emergency situations and the elimination of their consequences. Emergency situations on long caves obviously did not arise. Information about the temples over the caves tells about the construction works, and only occasionally - in connection with other events or situations. The diaries also contain curious information about the caves. Metropolitan Serapion can also be considered the first tour guide in Kyiv. Lavra caves appear in diaries as one of the main locations of Kyiv as a city.

And to this day they still remain unexplored. They are stored at the Institute of Manuscripts of the Central Scientific Library National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine of V.I. Vernadsky. Especially a lot of space in the recordings was given under the description of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra. Often in these messages are mentioned from different sides and Lavra caves.The study distinguishes three types of information about the caves: a description of their condition, a description of temples over them and information of a tangential nature. There is a special interest Metropolitan Serapion in the caves. Indicates the variability of the information recorded in his diaries. Emphasizes its religious character. At the same time, it is noted that the caves were an important geographical location of the life of the population of the city of Kyiv.

The purpose of the study is to introduce new information on the history of the caves of the Kyiv-Pechersk Monastery to the scientific circulation. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, science, concreteness, comprehensiveness and objectivity.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF THE STUDY OF THE SOVIET PERIOD IN HISTORY UKRAINIAN GRECO-CATHOLIC CHURCH
Authors: Pshenychnyy Taras
Published: June 2020

The evolution of contemporary humanitarian science takes place under the influence of a wide range of processes that affect the human consciousness, stirring up interest in it in the knowledge of a new, in understanding its past. Recent events that filled the Ukrainian society, actualized the demands of the people to history in their local and global dimensions. Being under the constant influence of the mass media, who often submit a limited interpretation of the facts, a contemporary Ukrainian citizen has a desire for a creative study of the experiences of past generations. The hybrid Russian-Ukrainian War convincingly emphasized that knowledge of its own history is an integral part of the national security of the state, which can be built by anyone who considers Ukraine as their homeland, identifies with it a story of its kind.

In studying the history of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the Soviet era, historical science enjoys both generally accepted and special methodological principles that emerged during the second half of the twentieth century. in the environment of both Ukrainian scientific emigration and post-Soviet era. It clearly reflects the historical background of the period and its impact on the functioning of scientific institutions, the formation of scientific research areas, etc. Among the key issues was the study of the historiographical description of the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the UGCC, the Greek Catholic underground, the dissident movement in its environment. It was in the environment of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic emigration that the themes of such studies were born, which later only entered the western historiography, and hence the contemporary historical thought. Each of them contained some emotional coverage of the problem, and somewhere with elements of the archaic approach to highlighting the complex issues of the history of Ukrainian Greek Catholicism. However, in our opinion, this is perhaps the best way to understand the essence of the liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church and the repression against its episcopate, monasticism, clergy, etc.

The article also focuses on the special terminology that should be used in the study of Ukrainian Greek Catholicism in the Soviet era. In particular, terms such as „unbreakable”, „Catacomb Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church”, „catacomb period of the UGCC”, „the history of the elimination of the UGCC” are highlighted and interpreted.
Processos do Raciocínio Matemático Mobilizados por Estudantes de 6º Ano do Ensino Fundamental ao Resolverem uma Tarefa de Geometria
Authors: Carneiro Luís Felipe Gonçalves , Araman Eliane Maria de Oliveira , Serrazina Maria de Lurdes
Published: June 2020

Neste trabalho, analisamos os processos do raciocínio matemático mobilizados por estudantes de 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental ao resolverem uma tarefa de geometria plana. O referencial teórico adotado foi o do raciocínio matemático, na perspectiva da matemática escolar, com foco, principalmente, nos processos do raciocínio matemático. Justifica-se o estudo do desenvolvimento do raciocínio matemático dos estudantes pelo fato de a literatura enfatizar sua importância e documentos curriculares defenderem o trabalho com incidência no raciocínio nas aulas de matemática. Os participantes da pesquisa foram duas duplas de estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do município de Cambé, no Paraná. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da coleta dos registros escritos dos estudantes e da gravação em áudio dos seus diálogos no momento da resolução da tarefa. De posse das transcrições dos áudios, os dados foram analisados à luz do referencial teórico adotado, com foco nos processos do raciocínio matemático. Os resultados mostram que, de fato, os estudantes mobilizaram alguns processos do raciocínio matemático na resolução da tarefa, principalmente os processos de formulação de conjecturas, validação e justificativa.

 

Palavras-chave: Raciocínio Matemático. Processos do Raciocínio Matemático. Conjecturas. Validações. Justificativas.

 

Abstract

In this work, we analyze the mathematical reasoning process employed by Brazilian 6th grade students when they solve a plane geometry task. The theoretical background used was about the mathematical reasoning, at the perspective of school mathematics. The study of student’s mathematical reasoning improvement is justified by the fact that many researchers emphasize its importance and curriculum documents defend the work focusing on reasoning in mathematical classes. The research participants were two student’s pairs, of a 6th grade class from a public school of the Cambé, Brazil. The data was obtained from the student’s written records and from the audio recording of the students solving the task. With the audio transcription, the data was analyzed according to the theoretical background, focusing in the mathematical reasoning process. Findings show that students have employed some mathematical reasoning process when solving the task, mainly conjecturing, validating and justifying process.

 

Keywords: Mathematical Reasoning. Mathematical Reasoning Process. Conjecturing. Justifying. Validating.
Conhecimentos de Licenciandos em Matemática para o Ensino de Frações
Authors: Etcheverria Teresa Cristina , Amorim Marta Élid
Published: June 2020

Este texto tem como propósito oportunizar uma discussão sobre conhecimentos relacionados ao conteúdo frações e ao seu ensino. A discussão sobre o ensino das frações está apoiada nas ideias de Magina e Campos e de Morales, dentre outros; e de Shulman no que se refere aos conhecimentos necessários para o ensino. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de dois questionários com cinco situações problema envolvendo os diferentes conceitos de fração, um para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental e outro para estagiários do Curso de Matemática – Licenciatura. Os resultados sinalizam que apesar dos licenciandos evidenciarem saber responder corretamente situações envolvendo os diferentes significados de fração, as estratégias de ensino propostas por eles deixam claro que no momento de pensar em uma forma de explicar esse conteúdo costumam recorrer ao significado de fração como parte-todo, demonstrando, assim, conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo insuficiente para lecionar frações. E que acreditam que o uso de recursos materiais auxiliares pode contribuir no aprendizado desse conhecimento.

 

Palavras-chave: Estratégias de Ensino. Frações. Formação de Professores.

 

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to present a discussion on knowledge related to fractions and how to teach them. The discussion on teaching fractions is based on the ideas of Magina and Campos and on Morales, among others; and on Shulman regarding the knowledge necessary for teaching. The data were collected from two questionnaires with five situations involving the different fraction concepts, one applied to students in Basic Education and the other applied to interns in the Mathematics Teaching Degree Program. The results indicate that while the student-teachers know how to correctly respond to situations involving the different meanings of fractions, the teaching strategies they proposed make it clear that when they have to think about how to explain the subject, they usually appeal to the part-whole meaning of fractions, thus demonstrating insufficient pedagogical knowledge for teaching fractions. Moreover, they believe that using auxiliary material resources can contribute to learning this knowledge.

 

Keywords: Teaching Strategies. Fractions. Teacher Training.
Utilización de Herramientas de Calidad para la Mejora en los Procesos de Extrusión de Plásticos
Authors: Ortiz-Hernandez Carlos , Troncoso-Palacio Alexander , Acosta-Toscano Dylan , Begambre-Meza Robert , Troncoso-Mendoza Blass
Published: June 2020

En este documento se demuestran los beneficios de la aplicación de las herramientas básicas de calidad en los procesos de extrusión de plásticos. Donde se realizó un estudio del proceso de estiramiento del plástico mediante el diagrama de Ishikawa y la implementación de rodillos de tracción. Además, se encontraron las causas de los defectos presentados en los rodillos de plástico; por lo tanto, una vez que se analizaron los resultados, se sugirió que se implementaran medidas de control en los procesos de inspección de la materia prima para determinar si se lograría controlar adecuadamente. También en el transporte de ella, debido a que los operadores no tenían en cuenta el debido proceso de carga y descarga de los rollos de plástico. Se analizó también los cronogramas de producción, donde se hallaban las mayores concentraciones de defectos mediante el uso de gráficos de control, para descartar el factor humano como una de las causas más relevantes de defectos en el proceso de producción. También en el almacenamiento de los rollos para evitar la formación de daños que causen las no conformidades del proceso del tejido de las bolsas de plástico.
Nueva propuesta para la gestión del conocimiento en la educación superior desde la andragogía creativa: Estudio de caso
Authors: Arrieta Tatiana , Medina Claudia , Guarín Andres , Carpintero Javier
Published: June 2020

Esta investigación empleó aulas de clases para validar una serie de técnicas y herramientas que guían al estudiante a crear sus propias propuestas de aprendizaje desde la propuesta metodológica de Gamificación, neurociencia y pedagogía lúdica. Los resultados alcanzados en este escenario sugieren que desde la promoción de la autonomía del alumno, se abren mayores posibilidades para alcanzar objetivos e indicadores del plan de asignatura, confirmando que la Gestión del Conocimiento es un proceso de innovación abierta con una retroalimentación constante del Capital Humano.
Generación de escenarios de demanda para productos de innovación
Authors: Coronado-Hernández Jairo , Romero-Conrado Alfonso , Zapateiro-Altamiranda Orlando , Rios-Angulo Wilson , Umaña-Ibáñez Samir
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Generar escenarios de demandas simulando el ciclo de vida del producto, cuando este no tiene información histórica o registro de ventas. Métodos: Se utilizan los modelos de difusión de la Curva Logística, Gompertz y Bass, junto con simulación de Montecarlo. Resultados: Se obtienen diferentes escenarios de demanda dado el comportamiento de los parámetros según su distribución de probabilidad. Conclusiones: Se utilizan los modelos de difusión para la generación de escenarios de demanda, como aproximación del potencial de realización de la demanda. Implicaciones prácticas: Los escenarios obtenidos se tomarán como entradas a modelos de programación matemática para la planificación de cadenas de suministro rápidas para productos de innovación.
Género, ciencia y mujer=Gender, science and woman
Authors: Barreira Rodríguez Yoilen , Acevedo Rodríguez Cynthia , Alfonso Alverdi Cheila
Published: June 2020

ResumenLos estudios sociales de ciencia y tecnología desde la perspectiva de género permiten una comprensión más integradora de la relación que se presume hoy entre hombres y mujeres, particularmente en el ámbito científico. La investigación Género, ciencia y mujer tiene como objetivo general analizar las relaciones de género en el ámbito científico-tecnológico en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Cienfuegos. Para este propósito se utiliza la metodología cualitativa, a través del método del estudio de caso único. La novedad del estudio radica en que se aborda este fenómeno desde una concepción de análisis más integradora, lo que permite una mejor comprensión de las relaciones de poder que se establecen entre hombres y mujeres en el contexto universitario.AbstractSocial studies of science and technology from a gender perspective allow a more integrative understanding of the presumed relationship between men and women nowadays, particularly in the scientific field. The research "Gender, science and women" aims to analyze "gender relations in the scientific-technological field at the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Cienfuegos." For this purpose, the qualitative methodology is used, through the single case study method. The novelty of the studylies in the fact that this phenomenon is approached from a more integrative conception of analysis, which allows a better understanding of the power relations established between men and women in the university context.
María Ángeles Pérez López. Interferencias. Madrid: La Bella Varsovia, 2019
Authors: Balcells Doménech José María
Published: June 2020

InterferenciasAutora: María Ángeles Pérez LópezMadrid: La Bella Varsovia, 2019
La igualdad de género en la investigación sobre RRPP y redes sociales: Análisis Bibliométrico en Web of Science y Scopus=Gender equality in research on PR and social networks: Bibliometric analysis in Web of Science and Scopus
Authors: Navarro-Beltrá Marián , Miquel-Segarra Susana , López Font Lorena
Published: June 2020

ResumenPese a los avances logrados todavía se pueden observar desigualdades de género en la investigación en comunicación al existir barreras en el acceso de las mujeres a puestos directivos. Debido a que publicar en revistas de prestigio y la productividad en investigación son factores esenciales para la promoción se pretende localizar, sintetizar y comparar en función del sexo de la autoría la producción científica sobre RRPP, comunicación corporativa y redes sociales. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos indexados en Web of Science y Scopus entre 1995 y 2018 relacionados con esta temática. La investigación parece indicar que ellas son más productivas y que existen importantes similitudes en la producción científica de hombres y mujeres.AbstractDespite the progress made, gender inequalities can still be observed in the field of research in communication research as there are barriers in women’s access to managerial positions. Due to publishing in prestigious journals and research productivity are essential factors for promotion, the aim is to locate, synthesize and compare the scientific production on PR, corporate communication and social networks based on the gender of authorship. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis of the articles indexed in Web of Science and Scopus between 1995 and 2018 related to this topic has been carried out. This work seems to indicate that women are more productive, and that there are important similarities in the scientific production of men and women.
Tiempos y brechas en el Sistema Científico y Tecnológico de Santa Fe, Argentina=Times and gaps in Scientific and Technological System of Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: Lucía Andreozzi , Peinado Guillermo , Geli Miriam , Giustiniani Patricia Sonia
Published: June 2020

ResumenA partir del estudio desagregado en los estratos: «Institutos y Universidad», el presente trabajo muestra que el Sistema Científico y Tecnológico de la Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina: está feminizado (54% y 61% de la población respectivamente), remunera menos a las mujeres (un 8% y un 36% menos respectivamente), e implica que las mujeres trabajen más horas que los varones pero ganando menos (la parte remunerada de la carga de trabajo que no recibe remuneración es del 32% en ambos estratos para ellas, frente al 28% y 20% de los varones respectivamente). De esta manera se puede apreciar cómo un sistema científico-tecnológico que se plantea como “neutral” al género, amplifica las desigualdades de género.AbstractBased on the study broken down into the strata: «Institutes and University», this work shows that the Scientific and Technological System (Santa Fe, Argentina): it is feminized (54% and 61% of the population respectively), it pays less to women (8% and 36% less respectively), and implies that women work more hours than men but earn less (the remunerated part of the workload that does not receive remuneration is 32% in both strata for them, compared to 28% and 20% of males respectively). In this way, a scientific-technological system that is considered as "neutral" to gender can be found to amplify gender inequalities.
Factores positivos en las trayectorias de las académicas e investigadoras argentinas=Positive factors in the trajectories of Argentine academics and researchers
Authors: Gallego-Morón Nazareth , Matus-López Mauricio
Published: June 2020

ResumenFrente a la proliferación de investigaciones sobre las causas de la segregación vertical en la Universidad, la tradicción empírica por analizar los condicionantes positivos en las trayectorias femeninas ha sido menor. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en profundizar en las experiencias de las académicas con el fin de describir los factores que facilitan el camino al éxito en la carrera académica e investigadora. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad a profesoras de una universidad de Argentina. Los resultados muestran la importancia de factores familiares (apoyo de la familia, existencia de referentes femeninos y facilidad para conciliar), junto a otros personales, grupales e institucionales. Este trabajo constituye un diagnóstico previo necesario para el diseño y aplicación de medidas de igualdad.AbstractBefore the proliferation of research on the causes of vertical segregation in the University, the empirical tradition of analyzing positive determinants in female trajectories has been smaller. The aim of this study consisted of deepening the experiences of the academics in order to describe the factors that facilitate the path to success in the academic and research career. For this purpose, semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with female professors from a university in Argentina. The results show the importance of family factors (family support, existence of female models and ability of conciliation), along with other personal, group and institutional conditions. This work constitutes a previous diagnosis necessary for the design and application of equality measures.
Avanzando en el enfoque de género en la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación=Advancing the gender approach in science, technology and innovation
Authors: Hynes Erica , Locher Maria Valentina , Laura Donnet Maria Laura
Published: June 2020

ResumenEl enfoque de género en ciencia considera la diversidad de necesidades según características como el sexo, la edad, el grupo social, entre otras, proporcionando un marco para mejorar la representación y participación en la generación del conocimiento y la innovación para atender estas necesidades e identificar intervenciones y soluciones apropiadas. Sin embargo, esto no resulta sencillo ya que la exclusión radica en esos sesgos, prejuicios y estereotipos, muchas veces inconscientes. Este número proporciona una cobertura temática incluyendo la epistemología, la historia y casos de desigualdad de género, estadísticas y motivos de las brechas, y propuestas de políticas públicas, dando cuenta del avance en el desarrollo metodológico y conceptual y en el debate actual sobre el género en ciencia.AbstractThe gender approach in science considers the diversity of needs according to characteristics such as sex, age, social group, among others, providing a framework to improve representation and participation in the generation of knowledge and innovation to meet these needs and identify appropriate interventions and solutions. However, this is not easy since the exclusion lies in those biases, prejudices and stereotypes, often unconscious. This issue provides a thematic coverage including the epistemology, the history and cases of gender inequality, statistics and reasons for the gaps, and public policy proposals, reporting on progress in methodological and conceptual development and in the current debate on gender in science.
Involvement of TOLL-like receptors in the neuroimmunology of alcoholism
Authors: Airapetov M.I. , Eresko S.O. , Lebedev A.A. , Bychkov E.R. , Shabanov P.D.
Published: June 2020

Alcohol use is a global socially significant problem that remains one of the leading risk factors for disability and premature death. One of the main pathological characteristics of alcoholism is the loss of cognitive control over the amount of consumed alcohol. Growing body of evidence suggests that alterations of neuroimmune communication occurring in the brain during prolonged alcoholization are one of the main mechanisms responsible for the development of this pathology. Ethanol consumption leads to activation of neuroimmune signaling in the central nervous system through many types of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as well as the release of their endogenous agonists (HMGB1 protein, S100 protein, heat shock proteins, extracellular matrix breakdown proteins). Activation of TLRs triggers intracellular molecular cascades leading to increased expression of the innate immune system genes, particularly proinflammatory cytokines, subsequently causing the development of a persistent neuroinflammatory process in the central nervous system, which results in massive death of neurons and glial cells in the brain structures, which are primarily associated with the development of a pathological craving for alcohol. In addition, some subtypes of TLRs are capable of forming heterodimers with neuropeptide receptors (corticoliberin, orexin, ghrelin receptors), and may also have other functional relationships.
Blood metabolome analysis for creating a digital image of a healthy person
Authors: Trifonova O.P. , Balashova E.E. , Maslov D.L. , Grigoriev A.I. , Lisitsa A.V. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Archakov A.I.
Published: June 2020

In the frame of the work, data on the implementation of metabolomics tests in medicine have been systematized. Based on the obtained data, a set of protocols was proposed, the sequential realization of which makes it possible to conduct a blood metabolome analysis for medical purposes. Using this analysis and the number of blood samples from healthy volunteers, a prototype of a healthy person's metabolomic image has been developed; it allows visually and digitally to assess the compliance of the human blood metabolome with the norm. At the same time, 99% of the metabolic processes reflected in the blood plasma are estimated. If abnormalities are detected, the metabolomic image allows to get the value of these deviations of metabolic processes in digital terms.
Exploring the lived experiences of first-time mothers and their partners affected by post-natal depression in rural Sanyati district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyashanu Mathew , Karonga Thamary , Mushawa Fungisai
Published: June 2020

Background: First time mothers and their partners are faced with a number of challenges including learning new skills and changing roles to meet the baby’s needs. support the new baby. Although an exciting time, the early days of first-time parents is filled with excitement as well as challenges in adapting their lifestyle resulting in pressure and anxiety to look after the baby. The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of first-time mothers and their partners affected by post-natal depression (PND) among rural communities.Methods: A collaborative exploratory qualitative approach underpinned by interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on ten (10) first time mothers and their partners who came for six-week post-natal care and for growth monitoring up to 6 months post-delivery at Sanyati Baptist hospital. Data were analysed using a thematic approach and guided by the four stages of data analysis in interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). N-vivo was used to organize the data to enhance management during analysis.Results: The study showed that first time parents from rural communities felt trapped with childbirth, overwhelmed by changes, resultant disruptive relationships, lack of support and bouts of depression.Conclusions: There is need to improve maternal support for first time mothers in rural communities. First time fathers need to learn new skills and adapt in supporting the baby and mother to prevent depression and marital breakdown.
Prevalence, knowledge and attitudes of menopausal symptoms among women aged 40-60 years and their associated factors in a semi urban area, Matara district, Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera Samudra T. , Goonewardena Sampatha E.
Published: June 2020

Background: Menopause is naturally created milestone in a women’s life. Every woman experiences unique menopausal symptoms that may be physiological, psychological or both. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, knowledge and attitudes of menopausal symptoms among women aged 40-60 years and their associated factors in a semi urban area, Matara district, Sri Lanka.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 212 women ages 40-60 years in three selected Grama Niladhari divisions Matara district, Sri Lanka. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. A validated menopausal rating scale used to measure menopausal symptoms. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23. A probability of p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: The mean age of menopause of the study population was 47.84 years (SD=4.048). The most prevalent somatic symptoms were hot flushes 157 (74.1%), joint and muscular discomfort 138 (65.1%), sleeping problems 126 (59.5%) and heart discomfort 112 (52.9%). Majority (>50%) reported having psychological symptoms and minority reported urogenital symptoms. All menopausal symptoms were more prevalent and was statistically significant in post-menopausal stage for urogenital symptoms. According to the knowledge categorization, majority (>50%) of the respondents had good knowledge regarding menopause. Mean knowledge score was 68.4±18. Married women and more educated women had better knowledge regarding menopause (p<0.05). Public health midwives were the main source of knowledge.Conclusions: Education, creating awareness and providing suitable interventions can be done to improve the quality of life of women through menopausal transitional period.
Correlation of clinical and ultrasonographic features with histopathology in post-menopausal bleeding
Authors: Vempalli Meenakshi , John Lopamudra B. , Chandana G.
Published: June 2020

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding is generally regarded as an ominous alarm of genital pathologies which requires a thorough evaluation clinically and pathologically to exclude carcinoma as the cause and ensure a benign pathology. This study aims at finding out whether clinical diagnosis and ultrasonographic features can be reliable parameters for the diagnosis of causes and whether the findings correspond with histopathology reports.Methods: This observational study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry between January 2018 to August 2019. 114 women were enrolled for whom detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. All the patients were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonography. Patients with clinically visible lesions on cervix and vulva were subjected to biopsy and the rest underwent fractional curettage and the sample was sent for histopathological examination. Finally, histopathology report was compared with clinical and ultrasonographic findings.Results: With endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in predicting malignancy by ultrasonography were 100%, 12.3%, 4.5% and 100%. Histopathology showed atrophic endometrium (43.8%), endometrial hyperplasia (8%), endometrial polyp (7.9%) and endometrial carcinoma (3%). Clinical and ultrasonographic findings did not show any statistical correlation with histopathology.Conclusions: Authors conclude that clinical findings and ultrasonographic features do not correlate with histopathology in cases of postmenopausal bleeding for which atrophic endometrium was the commonest etiology. However, ultrasound should be done routinely before endometrial sampling as the sensitivity for predicting malignancy was 100% for endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm.
Prevalence of uterine lesions associated with leiomyomas and role of endometrial biopsy in management
Authors: Kumbhalwar Minal J. , Konda Anuradha
Published: June 2020

Background: Present study highlights association between symptomatic patients of fibroids and its coexistence with pathologies like endometriosis, adenomyosis, polyp, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. The aim was evaluating role of endometrial biopsy before surgery.Methods: The study was observational cohort, conducted on women operated for fibroid or recently diagnosed with fibroid. 150 women were included. Histopathology reports of already operated were analysed for association between uterine pathology and fibroid. In prospective cases ultrasonography findings was noted and patients having leiomyoma underwent biopsy and reports studied for association. Chi-square test done to find association between qualitative variable and p value <0.05 considered significant.Results: Out of 150, 24.6% had adenomyosis, 14% had endometrial hyperplasia in which 2% had atypia and 12% without atypia, 8.6% had cervical polyp, 5.33% had endometrial polyp, 4% had endometriosis while 42.7% had no association.Conclusions: This study revealed increasing trend of coexistence of leiomyomas with uterine pathologies. Early identification of endometrial pathologies on clinical history and imaging helps in selection of high-risk patients who need biopsy to rule out malignancy thus avoiding routine D and C which is done for every case.
Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with HELLP syndrome
Authors: Shelat Prachi M. , Vyas Rupa C. , Shah Sapana R. , Nathwani Naimish D.
Published: June 2020

Background: HELLP Syndrome is a serious complication of pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders. It is defined as a triad of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP). Objectives of this study was to find out incidence of HELLP syndrome in pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and its overall incidence. To analyse the clinical profile of HELLP syndrome. To study maternal and perinatal outcome including morbidity and mortality.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from July 2017 to September 2019 at a tertiary care center with inclusion criteria of abnormal peripheral blood smear, elevated liver enzymes (LDH, aspartate aminotransferase), and low platelet count.Results: HELLP syndrome was more common in younger age group (45%) and in primigravida (52.5%). Most of the patients presented at >36 weeks of gestation (40%) and most of the patients delivered by caesarean section (67.5%). Maternal complications were acute renal failure (27.5%), DIC (22.5%), maternal mortality (7.5%). Neonatal complications associated were intrauterine death (27.5%), prematurity (25%) and intrauterine growth retardation (15%).Conclusions: Thus, HELLP syndrome requires an early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment at tertiary care center with all the medical facilities available.
Maternal outcome in pregnancy with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Sojitra Manthan , Shah Sushma R. , Mehta Ami V. , Panchal Payal P. , Bhankhar Ronak
Published: June 2020

Background: Thrombocytopenia is second most common haematological abnormality in pregnancy after anemia. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence, causative factor of thrombocytopenia and to observe the obstetrics outcome of pregnancies complicated with thrombocytopenia.Methods: This is prospective study of maternal outcome in pregnancy with thrombocytopenia carried out at tertiary care center from February 2019 to January 2020. Out of 350 antenatal screened women, 25 women who were diagnosed with thrombocytopenia, were included in the study.Results: The incidence of maternal thrombocytopenia in this study was 7.1%. 60% of the women had mild thrombocytopenia while 24% and 16% of women were moderate and severe thrombocytopenic respectively. Amongst 25 thrombocytopenic women 68% had gestational thrombocytopenia, 24% had gestational hypertensive disorder,4% had HELLP syndrome, 4% had immune thrombocytopenic purpura. 60% were delivered vaginally and 40% were delivered by LSCS. The most common indication of LSCS was acute fetal distress (40%) followed by failed induction (30%), breech (10%), and the rest (20%) for other obstetrical indications. The most common indication for induction was pre-eclampsia followed by IUGR, and post-date.Conclusions: In pregnancy with thrombocytopenia, gestational thrombocytopenia is the commonest and benign condition which does not alter the obstetrical management. Still a vigil 4 should be kept on maternal platelet count in antenatal period to prevent unfavorable outcome in serious conditions that may require specific and urgent management (HELLP syndrome, severe pre-eclampsia, ITP).
A study of high-risk factors in ante-natal women at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Dahiya Sonia , Anand Smriti , Rani Vandana , Gautam Sarika , Nanda Smiti
Published: June 2020

Background: High-risk pregnancy refers to any condition in pregnancy that increases risk for morbidity or mortality in mother, fetus and neonate. Globally, nearly 5,29,000 women die due to pregnancy related complications. In India, 20-30% of the pregnant patients contribute to high risk group. This study was conducted to determine different high-risk factors prevalent in antenatal women in Haryana. Objective of this study was to find out prevalence of different high-risk factors in antenatal women.Methods: Data of all antenatal high-risk patients attending OPD during one year was taken from hospital record registers. Maternal characteristics such as age, gravida/parity, gestational age, and gestational age at the time of first visit were noted. High risk factors identified were noted.Results: The records of total 10073 antenatal women were analyzed, 1283 were included in the high-risk group. Most prevalent high-risk factors found were previous cesarean section (31.04%), anaemia (31.02%), malpresentation (12.93%) and thyroid disorders (13.09%).Conclusions: Antenatal surveillance for the high-risk factors complicating pregnancy may prevent or treat most of the complications. Authors should develop strategies for early screening of high-risk pregnancy cases to prevent maternal and perinatal mortality and to improve the maternal and perinatal outcome.
Correlation of ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight with actual birth weight at a rural setting
Authors: Hashim Elnazeer A. , Saeed Elsir A. , Mohamed Elsadig Y. , Ebaid Elabbas M. , Zain Hussam , Abdalla Sawsan M. , Medani Khalid E. , Albarakati Rayan G.
Published: June 2020

Background: Ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in term pregnancies is used to determine fetal growth. The objective of this study was to assess the precision of sonographic estimation of fetal weight in normal vaginal deliveries at a rural setting.Methods: The study was cross-sectional. A group of 74 pregnant women delivered normally in Muglad hospital in West Kordofan, Sudan, were considered in the study. Fetal weight was estimated by Hadlock and shephards formulae within one week prior to delivery and then newborn weight was taken within 24 hours after delivery. Data were collected by a questionnaire and medical examination as well as sonographic examination. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 23 and Kruskal Wallis Test (post-hoc analysis) Pearson’s correlation coefficient within 95% confidence interval. p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The correlation, by Paired sample, to assess fetal weight was as follows: between Hadlock and shephards was 0.901 (p < 0.001), between Hadlock and AFW was 0.908 (p < 0.001) and between Shephards and AFW was 0.781 (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Estimation of fetal weight by Hadlock has been more correlated with actual fetal weight (AFW) than that done with shephards. The study recommends using Hadlock formula which is more accurate in estimation of fetal weight by sonography.
Obstetric outcome in twin pregnancies complicated with single intrauterine fetal demise
Authors: Chaudhari Priyanka , Gupta Vinita , Sharma Anshu , Tandon Archna , Saxena Namrata , Nimonkar Shweta , Singh Shweta
Published: June 2020

Background: It has been reported that single intrauterine fetal death in twin pregnancy occurs in 3.7-6.8% all twin pregnancies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the maternal and fetal demographic features and feto-maternal outcomes in twin pregnancies complicated with single intrauterine fetal demise and evaluation of available management guidelines.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at obstetrics and gynecology department of SGRRIM and HS, Dehradun, Uttarakhand between January 2015 and December 2019. There was a total of 182 twin deliveries at study hospital during this period and 35 of these cases were complicated with single intrauterine fetal demise. Maternal age, parity, chorionicity of twin gestation, gestational age at single intrauterine fetal demise, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, birth weight, Apgar Score at birth, neonatal intensive care unit stay of newborn,  maternal fibrinogen levels during pregnancy and delivery time and associated obstetric complications were analyzed in these cases of single intrauterine fetal demise with twin gestation. All monochorionic twin pregnancies were included in the study Group A and dichorionic twin in Group B.Results: The mean age of 32 patients included in study was 29.7±4.6 years. Twenty (62.5%) of these patients were dichorionic and 12 (37.5%) of these were monochorionic twin gestation. Single intrauterine fetal demise occurred in first trimester in 8 (25%) patients, during the second trimester 20 (62.5%) and 4 (12.5%) patients had third trimester single intrauterine fetal demise. Preterm deliveries occurred in 18 (56.3%) of patients and 8 (44.4%) of patients were of monochorionic and 10 (55.6%) of dichorionic twin patients. Among thirty-two patients, 11 (34.4%) patients had caesarean delivery and 21 (65.6%) patient had vaginal birth. No maternal or fetal mortality noted and none of the patients had maternal coagulation disorder.Conclusions: This study indicates that in cases of twin pregnancies with single fetal intrauterine demise with individualized management plan at higher centre and close maternal and fetal surveillance live fetus can be saved without any maternal risk.
Study of risk factors for preterm deliveries in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Berry Sapna D. , Sood Rajeev , Negi Kalpna , Kumar Naveen
Published: June 2020

Background: Preterm labour and preterm deliveries are very challenging obstetric complications. Early identification of risk factors may help identify women at risk for preterm deliveries.Methods: A one-year observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from 1st August 2017 to 31st July 2018. All mothers who delivered between 24 to 37 weeks were subjected to a detailed history with respect to age, parity, previous pregnancy outcomes and to identify the presence of any risk factors. A thorough obstetric and systemic examination was done. Parametric and non-parametric test of significance were used to find the association between different quantitative and qualitative variable.Results: Incidence of preterm deliveries was 11.4%. Maximum cases were of age group 25-30 years. 71.7% belonged to lower socio-economic status. 54% cases were seen in multigravida. History of previous abortion was seen in 18.4% and 9.7% had history of preterm deliveries. 12% cases had history of 1st trimester bleeding.  Spontaneous onset of preterm labour was seen in 55.1%. The significant risk factors associated were PIH and genitourinary infections.Conclusions: The risk factors of preterm birth to a large extent can be identified in antenatal period. Adolescent health education including good nutrition, good hygiene, counselling for contraception to reduce unintended pregnancies and birth spacing can lower the preterm birth rate. Better prenatal care, early identification of risk factors and complicated cases, regular follow up and proper management can help us in reducing preterm births.
A prospective study of safety, efficacy and acceptability of postpartum insertion of intrauterine contraceptive device in a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Gaikwad Nandkishor B. , M. Poornima , Lipare Atul
Published: June 2020

Background: IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device) to prevent pregnancy are among the oldest method of contraception. The modern IUCD are highly effective, safe private, long acting and rapidly reversible contraceptive method. Aims and objective of this study was to study the acceptability and safety of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) in postpartum period and to assess the feasibility, safety, efficacy and expulsion rate of IUCD.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital in Maharashtra from January 2018 to October 2018 and patients were followed up to a period of one-year post IUCD insertion.Results: Majority of patients in this study were in age group 21 to 26 years of age (58.7%) and the least number were in the age group more than 30 years (3.3%). This study showed that majority of patients were primigravida (44%) and the lowest number belonged to gravida 6 (0.3%). Regarding timing of IUCD insertion 73% were done intra caesarean, 22.3% were done post placental and 4.7% were done within 48 hours of delivery. In this study authors found that 4% of patients had per vaginal discharge, 5% had missing IUCD thread and 2% of patients had IUCD expulsion. It was found in this study that 98% of patients continued to use IUCD and only 2% discontinued the usage.Conclusions: From the study authors came to conclusion that PPIUCD insertion is a safe, feasible, effective and reversible method of contraception.
A case of recto-vaginal obstetrical fistula treated by the Martius lamp, seen at Befelatanana Madagascar
Authors: Lanto Rainibarijaona , Martial Rakotonirina , Besaina Rakotozanany , Tanjona Ratsiatosika , Romuald Randriamahavonjy , Hery Andrianampanalinarivo Rakotovao
Published: June 2020

The rectovaginal fistulas are a pathological epithelialized communication between the vagina and the rectum, its frequency is 10 to 30%, and it is a disabling pathology because of the social repercussion. Many flap techniques have been described but the aim is to present a simple procedure according to a particular technique called Martius. This is a case of woman presenting a low rectovaginal fistula on obstetrical trauma. The surgical technique consists of a repair according to the technique of Martius. The operative follow-up was simple and the patient was able to resume sexual activity and normal anal sphincter function. It is a simple technique, easy to achieve for the technical platform in Madagascar whose evaluation of the results for a larger population should be considered. This technique therefore deserves to be known and widely used.