bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sea turtle stranding records and fishing interactions on an Oceanic Atlantic Island (Tenerife, Canary Islands)
Authors: Hurtado-Pampín Claudia , De la Cruz-Modino Raquel , Hernández José Carlos
Published: September 2024

Sea turtle populations have significantly declined in recent years due to anthropogenic causes. Historical stranding records in the Canary Islands archipelago (Spain) reveal a high frequency of Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas strandings. Our study aims to comprehensively characterize and explore these stranding records. Additionally, we have investigated the interactions between sea turtles and the island's professional fishers, seeking insights from small-scale artisanal fishers to understand the current state of sea turtle populations. The results have shown that Tenerife stands out with the highest number of sea turtle strandings, recording 1875 strandings over a span of 23 years. The primary cause of sea turtle stranding's is the interaction with fishing gear, specifically nets and hooks. Moreover, our research has highlighted the need for improved knowledge and training on how to handle stranded sea turtles within the fishing sector. Consequently, raising awareness and implementing conservation plans for sea turtle populations in Tenerife is of outmost importance in addressing and improving the current situation.
Range extension for Conopea saotomensis (Crustacea; Cirripedia: Archaeobalanidae) in the tropical eastern Atlantic
Authors: Moura Carlos J. , Wirtz Peter , Nhanquê Filipe T. , Barbosa Castro , Serrão Ester , Van Syoc Robert
Published: September 2024

Barnacles of the genus Conopea are obligate epibionts of gorgonians and antipatharians. The species Conopea saotomensis Carrison-Stone et al. 2013, previously only known from the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe and the coast of Gabon, is reported from the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, based on morphological examination and DNA barcoding of specimens. The new record extends the known range of the species about 3000 km to the northwest.
Omobranchus sewalli (Valenciennes, 1836) an established species in the South Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Barbara Maichak de , Moroski Grein Luana , Davi Aron , Di Domenico Maikon
Published: September 2024

Omobranchus sewalli is a native Indo-Pacific blenniid recently introduced and established along the Brazilian coast. The putative introduction was through ballast water and/or ship hull biofouling. Herein, we report the presence of the species for the first time inside of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) which is recognized as a RAMSAR site and listed as a Wetland of International Importance. The mature specimens of O. sewalli were found in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters in the mixture zone in the estuary, suggesting the establishment of the population. The presence of port terminals in this area indicates that O. sewalli colonize PEC using ship hull fouling or larval dispersal from the shallow inner shelf.
The embodiment of power as upward/downward movement in Chinese-English bilinguals
Authors: Yang Huilan , Reid Jeffrey Nick
Published: September 2024

Using an action compatibility task, we investigated whether POWER is embodied in terms of upward and downward movement in two languages (first and dominant language: Chinese; second language: English). Chinese-English bilinguals were asked to quickly and accurately categorize power-related words (e.g., “boss,” “intern”) as “powerful” or “powerless.” The response to indicate that the word was “powerful” required an upward movement in the compatible condition, while the response to indicate “powerless” involved a downward movement. These responses were reversed in the incompatible condition (“powerful”-downward/“powerless”-upward). When the response actions were compatible rather than incompatible, participants were faster to categorize the words. Furthermore, the action compatibility effect was observed in both languages, but surprisingly the action compatibility effect was larger in their L2. The findings support the psychological reality of the “POWER IS UP” conceptual metaphor that is active when participants process language in both their primary and secondary languages.
System design and control of the sphere-wheel-legged robot
Authors: Liang Lunfei , Xu Yuquan , Han Liang , Liu Yu
Published: September 2024

The two-wheeled legged robot combines the advantages of legged robot and wheeled robot and has high terrain adaptability. Spherical robots are highly resistant to interference during detection. In this paper, a new sphere-wheel-legged robot is designed by combining these three motion modes. This paper begins by introducing the mechanical design, hardware, and software. Then, kinematics and dynamics of wheel-legged motion and spherical motion are analyzed in detail. Subsequently, the controllers for wheel-legged balancing motion, wheel-legged jumping motion, and sphere rolling motion are developed, respectively. Finally, experiments are carried out for different modes. The results demonstrate that the designed robot has excellent locomotor capabilities over different terrains.
Incidental professional development in music education for generalist teaching staff through supporting pupils in expert-led authentic music projects
Authors: Atkinson Ruth
Published: September 2024

The need for effective continuing professional development (CPD) in music education is outlined and literature on CPD for generalist teachers and teaching assistants is reviewed. A small qualitative study is then presented that took advantage of a music-making project led by folk musicians in six special schools in England. This study focused on the generalist teaching staff who actively supported their pupils to participate. The staff reported that their own confidence in working musically had increased, as had their awareness of the importance of music for children. It is suggested that these outcomes were achieved through incidental CPD, potentially paving the way for further, deliberate CPD.
A Journey in the Mist
Authors: Steuart Benedict
Published: September 2024

Speaking of the life which aims at full union with God in prayer, one who is a ‘master’ in the knowledge and practice of such a life said, with a rueful smile: ‘The interior life has many disadvantages'! He did not refer to the self-evident disadvantages, as they might be called, which are the natural result of giving up certain things incompatible with the life of the spirit. He meant rather ‘disadvantages’ that are part and parcel of the interior life even for those who willingly embrace it. Such disadvantages imply, for example, the absence of certain consolations; the lack of any certainty of real progress and of any personal satisfaction in advancing along the way to God.

So often, those who are really striving to start out on the way which seems to lead to union with our Lord apparently get lost on the road; they seem to be held back from making progress by a kind of ‘mist’ which surrounds them and dispels the clearness of vision experienced when they started out.
The Individual and His Religion: An Examination of Professor Allport's psychological interpretation
Authors: Léonard Augustin
Published: September 2024

In Newman's beautiful words: ‘two only absolute and luminously self-evident beings, myself and my Creator', the believer recognises these as the real terms united by religion. Religion is the sacred, unutterable intercourse between a limited, sinful creature and Being and Holiness. Between the living God, as the Scriptures so often call him, and his living image, there is a personal and dramatic relationship, in which dread and tenderness, awe and love, hope and anxiety are mingled.

The ideas of the psychologist on a mysterious experience of this sort are very often perplexing to the theologian or the lay Christian. To do justice to psychological works on religion, one must bear in mind the various levels at which religious phenomena can be viewed. Empirical methods of psychology cannot alter a metaphysical truth, still less supernatural faith. They are unable to prove or disprove the validity of religious belief. But morality, religion, faith are lived by means of human acts which are partially subjected to psychology
Smoking cessation program preferences of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative study
Authors: Tregobov Noah , Starnes Kassandra , Kassay Saron , Mahjoob Maryam , Chae Yu seon Sarah , McMillan Austin , Poureslami Iraj
Published: September 2024

Aim:

To explore the views of tobacco-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients on telehealth-based cessation programs and the role of e-cigarettes as an aid to quit smoking.

Background:

Tobacco smoking accelerates the progression of COPD. Traditional smoking cessation programs often do not entirely address the unique needs of COPD patients, leading to suboptimal effectiveness for this population. This research is aimed at describing the attitudes and preferences of COPD and ACO patients toward innovative, telehealth-based smoking cessation strategies and the potential application of e-cigarettes as a quitting aid.

Methods:

A qualitative exploratory approach was adopted in this study, employing both focus groups and individual interviews with English-speaking adults with diagnosed COPD or ACO. Participants included both current smokers (≥ 5 cigarettes/day) and recent ex-smokers (who quit < 12 months ago). Data were systematically coded with iterative reliability checks and subjected to thematic analysis to extract key themes.

Findings:

A total of 24 individuals participated in this study. The emergent themes were the perceived structure and elements of a successful smoking cessation program, the possible integration of telehealth with digital technologies, and the strategic use of e-cigarettes for smoking reduction or cessation. The participants stressed the importance of both social and professional support in facilitating smoking cessation, expressing a high value for insights provided by ex-smokers serving as mentors. A preference was observed for group settings; however, the need for individualized plans was also highlighted, considering the diverse motivations individuals had to quit smoking. The participants perceived online program delivery as potentially beneficial as it could provide immediate access to support during cravings or withdrawals and was accessible to remote users. Opinions on e-cigarettes were mixed; some participants saw them as a less harmful alternative to conventional smoking, while others were skeptical of their efficacy and safety and called for further research.
SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR A GROUP OF HOMEOMORPHISMS OF THE CANTOR SET TO BE TWO-GENERATED
Authors: Bleak Collin , Elliott Luna , Hyde James
Published: September 2024

We introduce and study two conditions on groups of homeomorphisms of Cantor space, namely the conditions of being vigorous and of being flawless. These concepts are dynamical in nature, and allow us to study a certain interplay between the dynamics of an action and the algebraic properties of the acting group. A group
$G\leq \operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is vigorous if for any clopen set A and proper clopen subsets B and C of A, there is
$\gamma \in G$
in the pointwise stabiliser of
$\mathfrak {C}\backslash A$
with
$B\gamma \subseteq C$
. A nontrivial group
$G\leq \operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is flawless if for all k and w a nontrivial freely reduced product expression on k variables (including inverse symbols), a particular subgroup
$w(G)_\circ $
of the verbal subgroup
$w(G)$
is the whole group. We show: 1) simple vigorous groups are either two-generated by torsion elements, or not finitely generated, 2) flawless groups are both perfect and lawless, 3) vigorous groups are simple if and only if they are flawless, and, 4) the class of vigorous simple subgroups of
$\operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is fairly broad (the class is closed under various natural constructions and contains many well known groups, such as the commutator subgroups of the Higman–Thompson groups
$G_{n,r}$
, the Brin-Thompson groups
$nV$
, Röver’s group
$V(\Gamma )$
, and others of Nekrashevych’s ‘simple groups of dynamical origin’).
THE SLICE-BENNEQUIN INEQUALITY FOR THE FRACTIONAL DEHN TWIST COEFFICIENT
Authors: Feller Peter
Published: September 2024

We characterize the fractional Dehn twist coefficient (FDTC) on the n-stranded braid group as the unique homogeneous quasimorphism to
$\mathbb {R}$
of defect at most 1 that equals 1 on the positive full twist and vanishes on the
$(n-1)$
-stranded braid subgroup. In a different direction, we establish that the slice-Bennequin inequality holds with the FDTC in place of the writhe. In other words, we establish an affine linear lower bound for the smooth slice genus of the closure of a braid in terms of the braid’s FDTC. We also discuss connections between these two seemingly unrelated results. In the appendix, we provide a unifying framework for the slice-Bennequin inequality and its counterpart for the FDTC.
DT INVARIANTS FROM VERTEX ALGEBRAS
Authors: Dotsenko Vladimir , Mozgovoy Sergey
Published: September 2024

We obtain a new interpretation of the cohomological Hall algebra
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
of a symmetric quiver Q in the context of the theory of vertex algebras. Namely, we show that the graded dual of
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
is naturally identified with the underlying vector space of the principal free vertex algebra associated to the Euler form of Q. Properties of that vertex algebra are shown to account for the key results about
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
. In particular, it has a natural structure of a vertex bialgebra, leading to a new interpretation of the product of
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
. Moreover, it is isomorphic to the universal enveloping vertex algebra of a certain vertex Lie algebra, which leads to a new interpretation of Donaldson–Thomas invariants of Q (and, in particular, re-proves their positivity). Finally, it is possible to use that vertex algebra to give a new interpretation of CoHA modules made of cohomologies of non-commutative Hilbert schemes.
Whitewashing Women Voters: Intersectionality and Partisan Vote Choice in the 2020 US Presidential Election
Authors: Kim Chaerim , Junn Jane
Published: September 2024

Due to the concern about relatively small samples, it has been conventional in previous research to analyze women voters together as a group. However, viewing women as a monolith results in ‘whitewashing,’ obscuring variation at the intersection of race and gender in partisan vote choice. Utilizing the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-election Survey (CMPS), we disaggregate women voters by race and ethnicity and analyze the significance of a host of factors that contribute to partisan vote choice, with particular attention to the role of attitudes about race (i.e., “racial resentment”) and gender (i.e., “hostile sexism”) on support for Donald Trump in 2020. Our analyses demonstrate how intersectional positionality of race and gender together conditions how standard explanatory measures as well as attitudes about gender and race vary across women voters who are Black, Asian American, Latina, and white in their support for United States presidential candidates.
Förderung psychischer Gesundheit von Betreuten und Betreuenden
Authors: Brunner Sonja , Mörth Thomas
Published: September 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt?

Psychische Herausforderungen werden mit „dem Alter“ quasi verbunden. Sie werden betreuten Personen zugeschrieben. Regelmäßig werden die hohen, auch psychischen Belastungen der Mitarbeitenden und der pflegenden Angehörigen medial beleuchtet sowie die Personalnot betont.

Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht?

Neben Maßnahmen der alternsgerechten Gestaltung von Arbeitsplätzen wird im Rahmen der familienzentrierten Pflege und Betreuung ein trialogischer Ansatz strukturiert in die Betreuung und Pflege integriert. Dieser Ansatz bietet Unterstützung darin, den Fokus auf die Klient_in gerichtet zu halten und die Bedürfnislage aller im Betreuungssystem beteiligten Personen zu berücksichtigen und einzubinden.

Was sind die Auswirkungen auf die Praxis?

Ziel ist es, arbeitsbedingte psychische Belastungen der Mitarbeiter_innen zu senken und die Qualität der Leistungen für die Klient_innen und deren Umfeld passender zu gestalten und damit auch hier psychische Belastungen zu reduzieren. Die Resultate eines Pilotprojektes stützen diese Wirkungen.
CO2 Dependence in Global Estimation of All‐Sky Downwelling Longwave: Parameterization and Model Comparison
Authors: Kawaguchi Koh , Shakespeare Callum J. , Roderick Michael L.
Published: September 2024

The downwelling longwave radiation at the surface (DLR) is a key component of the Earth's surface energy budget. We present a novel set of equations that explicitly account for both clouds and the effect to calculate the all‐sky DLR. This paper first extends the clear‐sky DLR model of Shakespeare and Roderick (2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4176) to include temperature inversions and clouds. We parameterize relevant cloud properties through theoretical and empirical considerations to formulate an all‐sky model. Our model is more accurate than existing methods (reduces Root Mean Squared Error by 2.1–8.7 and 1.2–10.1 compared to ERA5 reanalysis and in‐situ data respectively), and provides a strong physical basis for the estimation of the downwelling longwave from near‐surface information. We highlight the important role of dependence by showing our model largely captures the change in atmospheric emissivity purely due to (i.e., the instantaneous radiative forcing) in CMIP6 models.
Constraining the Effect of Climate and Rock Porosity on Weathering Extent in the Volcanic Island of Santa Cruz (Galápagos, Ecuador)
Authors: Paque R. , Alomia Herrera I. , Dixon J. L. , Molina A. , Zehetner F. , Vanacker V.
Published: September 2024

Volcanic soils are among the most productive soils in the world as they can accumulate large amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen and have good water storage capacity. They are extensively used worldwide for agriculture, which makes it difficult to study the soil‐landscape dynamics under natural conditions. By working in the Galápagos Islands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, we aimed to constrain soil development over millennial timescales using empirical data. Our monitoring sites on Santa Cruz Island cover a 10 km long NW‐SE transect with an 8‐fold increase in precipitation and associated vegetation changes. By controlling for age and chemical composition of the basaltic parent material, we investigated the influence of precipitation rates on soil weathering. At the landscape scale, soil weathering degree increased with increasing precipitation, as shown by the spatial patterns in soil depth, pH, mass loss coefficients, chemical index of alteration, chemical depletion fraction, and total reserve in bases. In addition to the climatic effect, rock porosity strongly enhanced basalt weathering. Porosity‐enhanced weathering is particularly important in the humid and perhumid precipitation regimes: soils developed on porous scoriae developed weathering mantles that are ∼10‐fold thicker and have 10‐fold higher mass losses due to weathering compared to soils developed on basalt lava flows. Our results demonstrated that variations in rock pore dimensions and distribution can lead to large variations in basalt weathering rates, particularly in humid and perhumid climates where deep leaching can be facilitated by rock porosity.
Protective effect of propolis in protecting against radiation-induced oxidative stress in the liver as a distant organ
Authors: Cikman Oztekin , Bulut Aziz , Taysi Seyithan
Published: September 2024

Stresses caused by ionizing radiation can also damage tissues and organs through the circulatory system. In this study, we aimed to determine the radioprotective effect of propolis, a natural and powerful antioxidant product, against oxidative liver damage caused by cranial irradiation. Thirty-two male albino Sprague–Dawley rats, divided into four groups, were designed as sham group, irradiation (IR) group, propolis plus IR, control group of propolis. Biochemical parameters were measured in liver tissue of rats. While Total enzymatic superoxide scavenging activity (TSSA) and non-enzymatic superoxide scavenging activity (NSSA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities of all groups were statistically significantly higher than rats receiving only-irradiation, Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the IR group was significantly lower than in the sham control group and IR + propolis group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the IR group was found to be significantly higher than both the sham control group and the propolis control group, but lower than the IR + propolis group. Malondialdehyde level and xanthine oxidase activity were higher in the IR group than in the other groups. Compared to the sham control group, in the group treated with propolis, a significant elevation in antioxidant parameters, specifically TSSA, NSSA, SOD, and GST activities, was noted, with corresponding increases of 32.3%, 23.2%, 47.6%, and 22.6%, respectively. Our findings show that propolis can be a radioprotective agent against ionized radiation damage by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing oxidant stress in liver tissue.
TBK1-Zyxin signaling controls tumor-associated macrophage recruitment to mitigate antitumor immunity
Authors: Zhou Ruyuan , Wang Mengqiu , Li Xiao , Liu Yutong , Yao Yihan , Wang Ailian , Chen Chen , Zhang Qian , Wu Qirou , Zhang Qi , Neculai Dante , Xia Bing , Shao Jian-Zhong , Feng Xin-Hua , Liang Tingbo , Zou Jian , Wang Xiaojian , Xu Pinglong
Published: September 2024

Mechanical control is fundamental for cellular localization within a tissue, including for tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). While the innate immune sensing pathways cGAS-STING and RLR-MAVS impact the pathogenesis and therapeutics of malignant diseases, their effects on cell residency and motility remain incompletely understood. Here, we uncovered that TBK1 kinase, activated by cGAS-STING or RLR-MAVS signaling in macrophages, directly phosphorylates and mobilizes Zyxin, a key regulator of actin dynamics. Under pathological conditions and in STING or MAVS signalosomes, TBK1-mediated Zyxin phosphorylation at S143 facilitates rapid recruitment of phospho-Zyxin to focal adhesions, leading to subsequent F-actin reorganization and reduced macrophage migration. Intratumoral STING-TBK1-Zyxin signaling was evident in TAMs and critical in antitumor immunity. Furthermore, myeloid-specific or global disruption of this signaling decreased the population of CD11b+ F4/80+ TAMs and promoted PD-1-mediated antitumor immunotherapy. Thus, our findings identify a new biological function of innate immune sensing pathways by regulating macrophage tissue localization, thus providing insights into context-dependent mitigation of antitumor immunity.
A versatile bioluminescent probe with tunable color
Authors: Torrey Zachary R. , Halbers Lila P. , Scipioni Lorenzo , Tedeschi Giulia , Digman Michelle A. , Prescher Jennifer A.
Published: September 2024

A luciferase-chemogenetic tag fusion was developed for dynamic, multi-color imaging. Unique spectral outputs are observed in the presence of luciferin and distinct fluorogenic ligands.
Spot the difference in reactivity: a comprehensive review of site-selective multicomponent conjugation exploiting multi-azide compounds
Authors: Tanimoto Hiroki , Tomohiro Takenori
Published: September 2024

This review outlines methods and strategies to exploit specific azide positions for molecular conjugation in the presence of multiple azido groups. Illustrative examples spanning di-, tri- and tetraazide click scaffolds are included.
Advances and challenges in designing active site environments in zeolites for Brønsted acid catalysis
Authors: Ezenwa Sopuruchukwu , Gounder Rajamani
Published: September 2024

Synthetic and post-synthetic strategies control the placement of active sites in void environments of varying sizes, which in turn influence reactivity and selectivity during catalysis by (de)stabilizing reactive intermediates and transition states.
Preparation, magnetic and transport properties of Mn3Sn single crystals
Authors: Huang Shaobo , Li Shuai , Yi Lizhi , He Xiong , Liu Min , Lu Guangduo , Liu Chenyang , Li Shiqi , Xu Yunli , Pan Liqing
Published: September 2024

The phase transition of Mn3Sn crystals at 200 K reveals a close correlation between the spin structure and Berry curvature.
Two-dimensional functionalized MBene Mg2B3T (T = O, H, and F) monolayers as anode materials for high-performance K-ion batteries
Authors: Tang Fengzhang , Pang Jiafei , Yang Jinni , Kuang Xiaoyu , Mao Aijie
Published: September 2024

Two-dimensional functionalized MBene Mg2B3T (T = O, H, and F) monolayers exhibit low open-circuit voltage when used as anode materials for high-performance K-ion batteries.
Smaller rare-earth cation and mixed valent Mn incorporation as a dual strategy to enhance ferrimagnetic ordering temperatures in A-site ordered quadruple perovskites, LnCu3Mn1+xTi3−xO12 (Ln = La, Nd; x = 0, 0.3)
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Sen Sujan , Mandal Tapas Kumar
Published: September 2024

A dual strategy of smaller rare-earth cation and mixed valent Mn incorporation is employed to enhance the magnetic transition temperatures of quadruple perovskites that can be synthesized under ambient pressure.
Metal–organic frameworks with a sulfur-rich heterocycle: synthesis, gas adsorption properties, and metal exchange
Authors: Dubskikh Vadim A. , Lysova Anna A. , Kovalenko Konstantin A. , Samsonenko Denis G. , Dybtsev Danil N. , Fedin Vladimir P.
Published: September 2024

Three new 3D metal–organic frameworks [M2(ttdc)2(dabco)] (M = Zn(ii), 1-Zn; Cu(ii), 1-Cu; and Zn/Cu, 1-ZnCu) based on thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate (ttdc2−) were synthesized and characterized by a combination of physicochemical methods.
Peroxynitrite scavenger FeTPPS binds with hCT to effectively inhibit its amyloid aggregation
Authors: Xiao Bin , Xiao Junhao , Liu Sisi , Xiao Xiaoying , Dai Shengping , Sui Yan , Wu Jinming , Ye Huixian
Published: September 2024

FeTPPS binds to the His20 residue of hCT, delaying the switch of its α-helix bundles into β-sheet-rich fibrils.
Ozone formation potential related to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) from a typical industrial park in the Pearl River Delta
Authors: An Taicheng , Li Jiajia , Lin Qinhao , Li Guiying
Published: September 2024

Ozone (O3) pollution has been recognized as the major air pollution in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, South China.
A “seat-squatting” strategy via lithium substitution to suppress Fe-migration in Na layered oxide cathodes
Authors: Niu Yaoshen , Hu Zilin , Mao Huican , Zhou Lin , Wang Liguang , Lou Xiaobing , Zhang Bo , Xiao Dongdong , Yang Yang , Ding Feixiang , Rong Xiaohui , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Zhang Nian , Li Zhiwei , Lu Yaxiang , Hu Bingwen , Lu Jun , Li Ju , Hu Yong-Sheng
Published: September 2024

Lithium substitution suppresses Fe migration in Fe-containing Na layered oxide cathodes by occupying migration sites without structural damage, significantly increasing the activation energy for Fe migration and enhancing the material's stability.
Stabilizing LiCoO2 at 4.6 V by regulating anti-oxidative solvents
Authors: Ren Hengyu , Zheng Guorui , Li Yuhang , Chen Shiming , Wang Xiaohu , Zhang Mingzheng , Zhao Wenguang , Yi Haocong , Huang Weiyuan , Fang Jianjun , Liu Tongchao , Yang Luyi , Liu Ming , Zhao Qinghe , Pan Feng
Published: September 2024

By anti-oxidative electrolyte solvent regulation, we effectively regulated the reaction path of PF6− anions in the Helmholtz plane of the LCO/electrolyte interface at 4.6 V, forming a robust CEI and retaining layered structure of LCO with cycling.
Tamarind seed polysaccharides, proteins, and mucilage: extraction, modification of properties, and their application in food
Authors: Geethalaxmi M. , Sunil C. K. , Venkatachalapathy N.
Published: September 2024

Tamarind seeds, a by-product of the tamarind processing industry, are an excellent source of vital fats and amino acids and they also contain a good amount of carbohydrates and proteins.
Vibration mixing for enhanced paper-based recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Shimazu Kelli N. , Bender Andrew T. , Reinhall Per G. , Posner Jonathan D.
Published: September 2024

Isothermal nucleic acid amplification tests are a vital tool for point-of-care diagnostics. In this work, we significantly improve paper-based recombinase polymerase amplification of HIV-1 DNA and RNA by employing a vibration-based mixing platform.
Surface photovoltage predicts open circuit voltage in GaP/PEDOT:PSS and GaP/CuSCN heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Kundmann Anna C. , Becker Kathleen , Osterloh Frank E.
Published: September 2024

Surface photovoltage spectroscopy measures the contribution of solution-processed hole transport layers to the photovoltage of GaP solar cells.
A reusable polymer supported catalyst for copper-azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) under ambient conditions
Authors: Arya Suku , Asiya Abdul Shiyas , Anas Saithalavi
Published: September 2024

Studies towards the development of an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the copper-azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) under ambient conditions are described.
In situ fabrication of all amorphous TiO2-coupled-MoSx photocatalysts for on-demand photocatalytic hydrogen production by using UV light
Authors: Dong Qian , Sun Yongxing , Wang Fang , Zhang Zhengguo , Min Shixiong
Published: September 2024

An all amorphous TiO2-coupled-MoSx photocatalyst is successfully developed in situ for on-demand photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent activity and stability.
Investigating the ion conductivity and synthesis conditions of calcium monocarborane solid-state electrolytes
Authors: Shinohara Takara , Kisu Kazuaki , Takagi Shigeyuki , Orimo Shin-ichi
Published: September 2024

Multivalent-ion and all-solid-state batteries have emerged as potential solutions to address resource concerns and safety issues.
Dynamic Changes Toward Reflective Practice: Documented Shifts in Speech-Language Pathologists' Evaluation Practices
Authors: Núñez Giselle , Buren Molly , Bailey Tara , Crowley Catherine
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

This qualitative study explored the experiences of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in professional learning communities (PLCs) during a year-long virtual professional development (PD) opportunity using an implementation science (IS) framework in an urban public school district for dynamic assessment (DA) training. The DA presented in the PD was modified based on ongoing discussions with key stakeholders in the district, so that it could be reasonably implemented in clinical practice while preserving the integrity of the DA's purpose.

Method:

SLPs in an urban district were trained virtually using DA over the course of the school year. PD topics focused on decreasing bias and incorporating evidence-based practice into SLP approaches to speech-language evaluations. The SLPs underwent three training sessions and three separate PLC sessions. The SLPs were assigned a series of case studies to complement PLC sessions. An IS framework informed each step of the PD and PLCs to ensure applicability and integration of the content. Of the 366 SLPs working in the district, 209 consented and filled out two questionnaires and three exit slips to gather information on their experiences with the DAs and PLC models.

Results:

SLPs reported new insights into their practice, including changes in assessment practices, awareness of bias in assessment practices, and increased confidence in working with families during the evaluation process. Two additional themes emerged: increased collaboration and enhanced group problem-solving skills when working with peers in PLC groups, and expanded proficiencies and heightened skills when applying DA practices to evaluations. The two challenges faced by SLPs included time constraints and confidence in the mastery of DA.

Conclusion:

This study offers an approach to shifting evaluation practices in large districts to incorporate more evidence-based approaches.
Energy Sharing and Performance Bounds in MIMO DFRC Systems: A Trade‐Off Analysis
Authors: Zheng Ziheng , Liu Xiang , Huang Tianyao , Liu Yimin , Eldar Yonina C.
Published: September 2024

It is a fundamental problem to analyze the performance bound of multiple‐input multiple‐output dual‐functional radar‐communication systems. To this end, we derive a performance bound on the communication function under a constraint on radar performance. To facilitate the analysis, in this paper, we consider a simplified situation where there is only one downlink user and one radar target. We analyze the properties of the performance bound and the corresponding waveform design strategy to achieve the bound. When the downlink user and the radar target meet certain conditions, we obtain analytical expressions for the bound and the corresponding waveform design strategy. The results reveal a tradeoff between communication and radar performance, which is essentially caused by the energy sharing and allocation between radar and communication functions of the system.
IBTD: A novel ISAC beam tracking based on deep reinforcement learning for mmWave V2V networks
Authors: Zhao Yifeng , Liu Haoran , Liu Xuanhui , Wang Xiaoqi , Gao Zhibin , Huang Lianfen
Published: September 2024

Beam tracking is commonly employed in millimetre wave (mmWave) based vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) networks to align the beams towards the intended targets and compensate for the path loss of mmWave signals. To mitigate the high latency issue arising from the tracking processes, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology leverages the echo signal to sense the motion parameters of the target, achieving low‐latency beam tracking without requiring pilot and uplink feedback. Existing studies mainly focus on utilizing ISAC for beam alignment to track the target, without integrating beam tracking with resource allocation. In this paper, we propose the ISAC beam tracking based on deep reinforcement learning (IBTD) algorithm to address this problem. Specifically, we introduce the concept of packet age to measure communication performance. To achieve accurate beam tracking and optimize the transmit power, we integrate the sensing results, such as the position and velocity of the target vehicle, along with the buffer pool status information, with deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to select an appropriate policy. Furthermore, we consider the effect of inter‐vehicle distance and incorporate the changing of tracking targets into the DRL‐based policy. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IBTD algorithm achieves lower packet age and transmit power consumption compared to the baseline algorithms.
An algorithm for cattle counting in rangeland based on multi‐scale perception and image association
Authors: Li Bingxuan , Fang Jiandong , Zhao Yudong
Published: September 2024

To effectively address common issues such as cattle being obscured by fences and images prone to colour shifts and high brightness in a ranch setting, this paper proposes an algorithm for counting cows based on multi‐scale perception and image correlation. The algorithm first adjusts the model output scale to enhance cattle detection under current conditions. It incor‐porates efficient Partial Convolution (PConv) to replace 3 × 3 convolutions in the Neck segment of the YOLOv7 network, boost‐ing computational speed and reducing complexity. To streamline feature fusion, Dynamic Head (DyHead) unifies multiple at‐tentional operations in the Neck segment, enhancing efficiency. Additionally, it introduces a novel bounding box similarity metric Minimum Point DioU (MPDIoU) based on minimum point distance, encompassing factors from existing loss functions, while simplifying computations. Experimental results demonstrate the algorithm significantly improves detection, achieving 98.8% accuracy, 99.0% recall, and a 92.1% mAP value. Compared with mainstream SOTA models, Precision increases by 0.4%, Recall by 2.0%, and mAP value by 2.2%. Model size decreases by 23.9%, parameter count by 23.0%, and computational load by 6.1%. the algorithm shows improvements across all indices, meeting the challenge of real‐time cattle counting in ranches under complex conditions.
Metallicity-dependent kinematics and orbits in the Milky Way’s nuclear stellar disc
Authors: Nogueras-Lara F. , Nieuwmunster N. , Schultheis M. , Sormani M. C. , Fragkoudi F. , Thorsbro B. , Rich R. M. , Ryde N. , Sanders J. L. , Smith L. C.
Published: September 2024

Context. The nuclear stellar disc (NSD) is a flat and dense stellar structure at the centre of the Milky Way. Previous work has identified the presence of metal-rich and metal-poor stars in the NSD, suggesting that they have different origins. The recent publication of photometric, metallicity, proper motion, and orbital catalogues allows the NSD stellar population to be characterised with unprecedented detail.

Aims. We aim to explore the proper motions and orbits of NSD stars with different metallicities to assess whether they have different origins and to better understand the metallicity distribution in the NSD.

Methods. We distinguished between metal-rich and metal-poor stars by applying a Gaussian mixture model, as done in previous work, and analysed the proper motions, orbits, and spatial distribution of stars with different metallicities.

Results. We find that metal-rich stars exhibit a lower velocity dispersion, suggesting that they trace a kinematically cooler component compared to metal-poor ones. Furthermore, z-tube orbits are predominant among metal-rich stars, while chaotic/box orbits are more common among metal-poor ones. We also find that metal-rich and metal-poor stars show a similar extinction and are present throughout the analysed regions. As a secondary result, we detected a metallicity gradient in the metal-rich population with higher metallicity towards the centre of the NSD and a tentative gradient for the metal-poor stars, which is consistent with previous studies that did not distinguish between the two populations.

Conclusions. Our results suggest that metal-rich stars trace the NSD, whereas metal-poor ones are related to the Galactic bar and probably constitute Galactic bar interlopers and/or are NSD stars that originated from accreted clusters. The detected metallicity gradients aligns with the currently accepted inside-out formation of the NSD.
Retrieved atmospheric properties of the sub-stellar object VHS 1256 b with HST, VLT, and JWST spectra
Authors: Lueber Anna , Heng Kevin , Bowler Brendan P. , Kitzmann Daniel , Vos Johanna M. , Zhou Yifan
Published: September 2024

Motivated by the observed ~30% variations in flux from the L7 dwarf VHS 1256 b, we subjected its time-resolved Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3 spectra (measured in two epochs: 2018 and 2020), as well as medium-resolution Very Large Telescope (VLT) X-shooter and Early Release Science James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) spectra to a suite of both standard Bayesian (nested sampling) and machine-learning (random forest) retrievals. We find that both HST and VLT data require vertically varying abundance profiles of water in order to model the spectra accurately. Despite the large flux variations observed in the HST data, the temporal variability cannot be attributed to a single varying atmospheric property. The retrieved atmospheric quantities are consistent with being invariant across time. However, we find that model grids offer relatively poor fits to the measured HST spectra and are unsuitable for quantifying the temporal variability of atmospheric properties. Additionally, our analysis of JWST spectra using model grids indicates consistency in terms of the retrieved properties across different wavelength channels. Despite the temporal variability in flux, the retrieved properties between HST and VLT, as well those as between HST and JWST, are consistent within the respective posterior uncertainties. Such an outcome bodes well for future retrieval analyses of exoplanetary atmospheres, which are expected to exhibit weaker flux variations.
The inflated, eccentric warm Jupiter TOI-4914 b orbiting a metal-poor star, and the hot Jupiters TOI-2714 b and TOI-2981 b
Authors: Mantovan G. , Wilson T. G. , Borsato L. , Zingales T. , Biazzo K. , Nardiello D. , Malavolta L. , Desidera S. , Marzari F. , Collier Cameron A. , Nascimbeni V. , Majidi F. Z. , Montalto M. , Piotto G. , Stassun K. G. , Winn J. N. , Jenkins J. M. , Mignon L. , Bieryla A. , Latham D. W. , Barkaoui K. , Collins K. A. , Evans P. , Fausnaugh M. M. , Granata V. , Kostov V. , Mann A. W. , Pozuelos F. J. , Radford D. J. , Relles H. M. , Rowden P. , Seager S. , Tan T. -G. , Timmermans M. , Watkins C. N.
Published: September 2024

Recent observations of giant planets have revealed unexpected bulk densities. Hot Jupiters, in particular, appear larger than expected for their masses compared to planetary evolution models, while warm Jupiters seem denser than expected. These differences are often attributed to the influence of the stellar incident flux, but it has been unclear if they also result from different planet formation processes, and if there is a trend linking the planetary density to the chemical composition of the host star. In this work, we present the confirmation of three giant planets in orbit around solar analogue stars. TOI-2714 b (P ≃ 2.5 d, Rp ≃ 1.22 RJ, Mp = 0.72 MJ) and TOI-2981 b (P ≃ 3.6 d, RP ≃ 1.2 RJ, MP = 2 MJ) are hot Jupiters on nearly circular orbits, while TOI-4914 b (P ≃ 10.6 d, RP ≃ 1.15 RJ, Mp = 0.72 MJ) is a warm Jupiter with a significant eccentricity (e = 0.41 ± 0.02) that orbits a star more metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −0.13) than most of the stars known to host giant planets. Similarly, TOI-2981 b orbits a metal-poor star ([Fe/H] = −0.11), while TOI-2714 b orbits a metal-rich star ([Fe/H] = 0.30). Our radial velocity follow-up with the HARPS spectrograph allows us to detect their Keplerian signals at high significance (7, 30, and 23σ, respectively) and to place a strong constraint on the eccentricity of TOI-4914 b (18σ). TOI-4914 b, with its large radius (Rp ≃ 1.15 RJ) and low insolation flux (F⋆ < 2 × 108 erg s−1 cm−2), appears to be more inflated than what is supported by current theoretical models for giant planets. Moreover, it does not conform to the previously noted trend that warm giant planets orbiting metal-poor stars have low eccentricities. This study thus provides insights into the diverse orbital characteristics and formation processes of giant exoplanets, in particular the role of stellar metallicity in the evolution of planetary systems.
Does City Brand Attitude Moderate Millennials’ Destination Value and Destination Loyalty Relationship?
Authors: Fatmawati Indah , Lestarisiwi Agneta Prihastuti
Published: September 2024

The millennial generation mostly dominates the number of tourists in Indonesia. However, more research is needed on millennial travel patterns, particularly how their brand value perspective impacts loyalty. This study looks into millennial consumers' perceived value of brand destinations and what makes millennial consumers loyal to the destination. We consider the moderating effect of city brand attitude on the relationship between destination values and loyalty. Our theoretical framework employs five dimensions of destination values. The research setting is in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, and the respondents are Yogyakarta millennial visitors. We operate a quantitative explanatory survey involving 186 millennials who've already visited Yogyakarta, Indonesia, within the last year. The data analysis used AMOS SEM, and our findings indicated that all perceived destination values, i.e., functional, social, emotional, monetary, and epistemic perceived brand values, positively affect destination loyalty. The moderating regression analysis also showed that city brand attitude positively moderates the relationship between perceived destination values and loyalty.
The Role of Customer Relationship Management to Strengthen Customer Satisfaction Using Product Innovation and Customer Value as Intervening Variable
Authors: Dananjoyo Radyan , Wibowo Annisa Ayuningtyas
Published: September 2024

The main goals of this study is to examine two main points: (1) CRM's effect on CS; and (2) PI and CV's possible mediating role in these interactions. The poll, conducted for customers of an Indonesian building material retailer, used a purposive sample of 170 respondents. Structural equation modelling (SEM), which uses the PLS SEM application package, is the analytical method used. The study's primary conclusions show that CRM has a positive and significant impact on PI and CV. As a result, CRM has a big impact on CS in the building material retail sector. More significantly, the mediation investigation demonstrated that. PI and CV act as mediators in the link between CRM and CS. In conclusion, this study adds a great deal by showing that PI and CV have a significant positive connection.
Analysis of Green Entrepreneurial Intention in University Students with Self Efficacy as a Mediation Variable
Authors: Yunikawati Nur Anita , Febrianti Fika Ayu
Published: September 2024

This research examines the support of universities, networking sites, and environmental concerns for students' green entrepreneurial intentions. This research uses a quantitative approach with SEM analysis techniques. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires with 5 Likert scale options and a sample size of 355 respondents. Data was processed using the SmartPLS analysis tool version 4.0.9.3. The research results show that university support significantly affects green entrepreneurial intention either directly or through mediatingvariables. The mediator in this research is self-efficacy. Learning entrepreneurship through courses can encourage a person's confidence and self-confidence to build an environmentally friendly business. Social networking sites and environmental awareness do not have a significant effect on green entrepreneurial intention directly. Students do not use social networking sites to search for information about green entrepreneurship. Most students also do not carry out environmentally conscious behaviors such as recycling waste and creating water catchment areas, but they like ecologically friendly products.
Model free collision aggregation for the computation of escape distributions
Authors: Laguzet Laetitia , Turinici Gabriel
Published: September 2024

Motivated by a heat radiative transport equation, we consider a particle undergoing collisions in a space-time domain and propose a method to sample its escape time, space and direction from the domain. The first step of the procedure is an estimation of how many elementary collisions is safe to take before chances of exiting the domain are too high; then these collisions are aggregated into a single movement. The method does not use any model nor any particular regime of parameters. We give theoretical results both under the normal approximation and without it and test the method on some benchmarks from the literature. The results confirm the theoretical predictions and show that the proposal is an efficient method to sample the escape distribution of the particle.
Physiologie des Gehens und der Haltungskontrolle
Authors: Jahn Klaus
Published: September 2024

Aufrechtes Stehen und Gehen sind bei Gesundheit so selbstverständliche Fähigkeiten, dass sie nebenbei gelingen. Im Fall von Erkrankungen verdeutlicht sich die Komplexität der Haltungskontrolle. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, welche Aspekte für Gleichgewicht und Gang wichtig sind. Das Verständnis dafür, was im Einzelfall gestört ist, bildet die Voraussetzung für eine gezielte und erfolgreiche Therapie.