bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying where hospital and community trusts are managing general practices in England: a service mapping study
Authors: Davies Charlotte , Saunders Catherine L , Olumogba Fifi , Sidhu Manbinder , Sussex Jon
Published: January 2024

Background

Organisations providing secondary care in the NHS in England have historically not also provided primary health care, but this is changing. Data on where this kind of ‘vertical integration’ is happening are lacking, making it difficult to evaluate its impact.

Aim

To compile a comprehensive list of instances of secondary care trusts running general practices in England, to enable evaluation of the impact of such arrangements.

Design & setting

This service mapping study comprises review, collation, synthesis, and analysis of published information describing secondary and primary care provision in the NHS in England in March 2021.

Method

Desk-based collection, including hand-searching, of secondary care organisations’ statutory annual reports. Triangulation via comparison with national data on general practices, the general practice workforce and practice contracts.

Results

It was possible to construct a database of all instances of trusts running general practices in England as of 31 March 2021. We have identified 26 trusts running a total of 85 general practices, operating across a total of 116 practice sites. These practices have on average fewer patients and fewer GP full-time equivalents than other general practices, and before becoming vertically integrated were performing less well in the Quality and Outcomes Framework.

Conclusion

We recommend that national statistics recording the details of general practices contracting with the NHS should include whether each practice is owned by another organisation and whether that is an NHS trust, another public body, or a private organisation. Such data are required to enable evaluation of the impacts of this kind of vertical integration.
Isidoro e i vocabolari antichi dell’uso
Authors: Ferri Rolando , Zago Anna
Published: January 2024

Il contributo discute alcuni lemmi greco-latini contenuti negli Hermeneumata Celtis, vasto glossario bilingue organizzato per capitoli tematici : le forme latine dei lemmi, tutte di difficile interpretazione, possono essere meglio comprese alla luce di alcuni passi isidoriani delle Differentiae e delle Etymologiae. Il rapporto così istituito fra gli Hermeneumata Celtis e Isidoro si presta a interpretazioni differenti in termini di reciproca dipendenza, che vengono indagate nella seconda parte del lavoro. La conclusione cui si giunge è che Isidoro utilizzava glossari bilingui grecolatini simili agli Hermeneumata Celtis.
Oportunidades y obstáculos para el uso de las aportaciones de la educación artística en el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en estudiantes de ciencias
Authors: GonzálezÁlvarez Luz María de Guadalupe
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos al analizar las oportunidades y los obstáculos que se pueden observar en las opiniones de un grupo de profesores de ciencias experimentales que respondieron un cuestionario abierto en el que se les presentaban los elementos de los tres ámbitos de la educación artística, adaptados a la educación científica. Los resultados muestran que los profesores que han recibido formación en didáctica, muestran aceptación para la mayoría de los elementos, mientras que quienes no han recibido dicha formación, muestran aceptación solo a los elementos que se aproximan más a los que tradicionalmente se usan en las aulas de ciencia.
How to Design a Classically Difficult Random Quantum Circuit for Quantum Computational Advantage Experiments
Authors: Huang He-Liang , Zhao Youwei , Guo Chu
Published: January 2024

Quantum computational advantage is a critical milestone for near-term quantum technologies and a crucial step toward building practical quantum computers. Recent successful demonstrations of quantum computational advantage owe much to specially designed random quantum circuit (RQC) protocols that enable hardware-friendly implementation and, more importantly, pose great challenges for classical simulation. Here, we report an automated protocol-design approach for determining the optimal RQC in the
Zuchongzhi
quantum computational advantage experiment. Without a carefully designed protocol, the classical simulation cost of the
Zuchongzhi
56-qubit 20-cycle RQC experiment would not be considerably higher than Google’s 53-qubit 20-cycle experiment, even though more qubits are involved. For Google’s latest RQC experiment using 70 qubits and 24 cycles, we estimate that the classical simulation cost can be increased by at least one order of magnitude using the proposed approach. The proposed method can be applied to generic planar quantum processor architectures and addresses realistic imperfections such as processor defects, underpinning quantum computational advantage experiments in future generations of quantum processors.
Promotional activities of the film and their use to increase public awareness and interest
Authors: Čábyová Ľudmila
Published: January 2024

This paper deals with the analysis and evaluation of the promotional activities of the film A máme, čo sme chceli [Réveillon] in order to raise public awareness and interest in this Slovak-Canadian film. The author focuses on the importance of effective promotion of films in relation to their commercial success. She cites relevant studies that point to the importance of marketing and promotion measures in reaching the target audience and convincing them of the value of a film work. The author analyses the promotional activities of the film and their effectiveness, presents metrics related to the media reach of the film, as well as the list price of advertising space in different media during the campaign. She finds that a combination of online, print, television and radio contributed to the significant media interest in this film. In the final part of the paper, the author discusses communication on social media, specifically Instagram and Facebook platforms, and assesses their impact on the promotion of the film. She stresses the importance of having an active presence on these platforms and interacting with fans.
Does CSR influence consumer behaviour as a marketing tool? Case study from the Slovak food market
Authors: Igarová Kristína , Kádeková Zdenka , Košičiarová Ingrida
Published: January 2024

The submitted paper aims at CSR activities and marketing communication of food companies in Slovakia and its influence on consumer behaviour and their decision-making. On the threshold of the 3rd millennium, the CSR of food companies is also connected with rationality and irrationality in creating preferences in consumer shopping behaviour. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has received much attention in recent years. Food companies are currently using CSR to gain a competitive advantage, and these activities have also penetrated the marketing field. In the field of CSR and the food market in the Slovak Republic, we conducted a survey based on a questionnaire focused on CSR activities as a marketing tool in the food market from the customers’ perspective. In the questionnaire, the most important problems and aspects related to the CSR issue were examined and transferred to the questionnaire offered to online respondents. We ensured the representativeness of the research sample by addressing the questionnaire to target interest groups and respondents of all age categories focused on the food market. Three research questions were set for analysing corporate social responsibility as a marketing tool of food companies in Slovakia from the consumer’s point of view. The questionnaire survey results with 1,254 participating respondents showed that although they are familiar with the concept of CSR, a large percentage of respondents need to learn about these activities or pay more attention to them. Based on our conducted research, customers perceive the CSR activities of food companies in most cases as a marketing communication tool that builds the company’s good name and image. We can also observe a huge impact in the area of rationality and irrationality when creating preferences in the purchasing behaviour of consumers based on CSR activities and their implications and communications with customers. We used the Chi-square test, proportional Z test, two-sample and frequency and contingency tables to evaluate the data statistically. Communication of CSR activities is a difficult task for food companies, which currently brings many threats and opportunities. For this reason, businesses need the right CSR communication strategy to influence consumer attitudes and behaviour effectively. CSR in the food industry is particularly important because of the wide range of potential benefits.
Tracking digital audiences in the disrupted public sphere. The journey of Czech audiences from television to social media
Authors: Klimeš David
Published: January 2024

This study examines the transformation of the audience of traditional television journalism. While the form of television political debates does not change much, their audience has become significantly different. Beside television audiences, there is a growing number of digital viewers. This audience analysis of Czech TV digital viewers confirms that not only have their numbers increased during the recent years but sociodemographic characteristics are also completely different from those of the television viewers. The study shows that digital viewers consume the content of political debates on other platforms. Social networks (including those used by the television itself) frame the viewer’s expectations before watching the debate. The study thus draws attention to the fact that the degree of coherence between different audience groups needs to be examined in detail in the context of the growing diversity of digital audiences.
The effect of beer label design on customer purchase behavior
Authors: Milichovský František , Mráček Pavel
Published: January 2024

The brewing industry and its products represent an important economic indicator in the Czech Republic through which the health of the economy can be assessed. A significant problem can be seen in the regulation of marketing communication on the products of breweries by legislation. For this reason, there is a big boom in the creativity of beer labels and their impact on potential customers. The level and creativity of the label design reflect the perceived tradition of the brand, and vice-versa the influence of tradition on the design can be assumed – therefore a two-way link can be considered. The main objective of the paper is to find out potential factors, which influence customers’ purchase decision-making process in retail. The beer labels are considered a key marketing communication element, on which base target customers usually choose and buy beer. The research was realized by repertory grid (RG), on which participated young people, during September 2023. The RG concept was employed in 24 mini-focus groups (MFG) where respondents identified possible influencing factors of three beers’ labels on their potential purchase behavior. In realized 24 MFGs, there participated 3-6 members (a total of 119 persons). According to answers in the RG we defined seven influencing groups of factors with defined poles.
Parathyroid hormone level predicts mortality in hemodialysis; an old problem remains still
Authors: Ansari Areeb , Shirbache Kamran , Shirbacheh Ali , Nasri Hamid
Published: January 2024

Several studies have found a clear association between higher PTH levels and increased mortality risk in hemodialysis patients. The studies indicate that higher levels of PTH are linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, as well as an increased risk of bone fractures.
New hopes on "SLU-PP-332" as an effective agent for weight loss with indirect kidney protection efficacy; a nephrology point of view
Authors: Nasri Hamid
Published: January 2024

SLU-PP-332 activates estrogen receptor-related orphan receptors, increasing energy expenditure, fatty acid oxidation, and decreasing fat mass accumulation. The drug enhances mitochondrial function and cellular respiration in skeletal muscle cell lines, increases the expression of an estrogen receptor-related orphan receptor target gene, and enhances mitochondrial respiration in C2C12 myocytes. The drug also increases oxidative fibers in skeletal muscle and improves exercise endurance in C57BL/6J mice.
Apontamentos para a discussão sobre o “Padrão Globo de Qualidade” no Globoplay
Authors: Ramos Eutália , Borges Gabriela
Published: January 2024

A discussão sobre a qualidade televisiva é ampla e possui diversas variáveis, principalmente ao considerarmos o contexto em que está inserida. A partir disso, refletimos sobre as relações do conceito com o padrão adotado pelo Grupo Globo em suas produções para a televisão (TV Globo) e para o streaming (Globoplay). Para este artigo, realizamos uma pesquisa exploratória com o intuito de compreender o cenário e observar se o “Padrão Globo de Qualidade” está presente nas produções denominadas como Original Globoplay. Além disso, procuramos entender se é possível considerá-las como um desdobramento desse padrão no streaming. Neste sentido, questionamos se a empresa está desenvolvendo um novo padrão de qualidade da produção audiovisual.
EVALUATION OF FACTORS AND ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND BURNOUT LEVELS OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS AT THE LAST PERIOD OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN TURKEY
Authors: Ak Nihan , Sarı Gülden , Oral Belgin , Şimşek Cebrail
Published: January 2024

The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and burnout syndrome in healthcare workers is so high that it can’t be underestimated, because of the intense workload, shift work, night shifts, and problems encountered during working hours. This study was planned to evaluate the factors related to anxiety, depression, and burnout levels of healthcare professionals working in a training and research hospital. This descriptive study included 196 health care workers working in the hospital. Statistical analysis of the categorical data was performed by Chi-square test. Statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed by Mann Whitney U test and by Kruskal Wallis variance analysis because it did not fit normal distribution. In this study, the frequency of depression was found to be 24.0% in healthcare workers and the frequency of anxiety was 29.6%. It was determined that the presence of depression was more common in night and shift workers. Anxiety was statistically higher in health workers with chronic diseases and sleep problems. Compared to other health workers, it was found that the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization levels of the Maslach burnout scale sub-headings were higher in physicians.These results are very important in terms of identifying psychosocial risk factors in health workers and forenlightening to improve working conditions.
KUKUSAN PAKIS JUKUT (Diplazium Esculentum Swartz) PADA KADAR HEMOGLOBIN REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Ramadhanti Indah Putri , Lubis Kholilah , Nova Desri , Putri Novi Haryani
Published: January 2024

Anemia in adolescents is a major global health problem that needs adequate attention. In 2019, the prevalence of anemia among women aged 15-49 worldwide was 29.9%. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia in 2019 was 84.6% in the adolescent age group (15-24 years). The cause of iron anemia is a lack of hemoglobin in red blood cells. Efforts to reduce the incidence of anemia by increasing iron levels, one of which is the administration of steamed jukut fern containing 291.32 mg of Fe in 100 g of leaves. This study aimed to determine the effect of steaming jukut ferns (Diplazium Esculentum Swartz) on increasing hemoglobin in female adolescents at MAN 1 Model Bukittinggi City in 2020. This type of research was pre-experimental with one group pretest and posttest design. The population of all students of MAN 1 class XII was as many as 20 people, a sample of 10 people with a purposive sampling technique based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. The instrument was an observation sheet. Shapiro Wilc normality test, normally distributed data using paired sample t-test. The results of the univariate analysis were that the mean pretest HB level was 10.080 ± SD 0.4, and the mean posttest Hb level was 11,344 ± SD 0.5. Results of bivariate analysis with p-value = 0.001 (p <0.05). In conclusion, jukut fern steaming affects increasing hemoglobin levels. It is recommended that steaming jukut packs help prevent anemia optimally.
FACTORS RELATED TO PAIN RESPONSE IN INPATIENTS AT RSUD EMBUNG FATIMAH
Authors: Muharni Sri , Christya Wardhani Utari , Hanjani Riska
Published: January 2024

Objective: Pain is a sensory and emotional experience that will cause a response in the body. It was found that on average inpatients at Embung Fatimah Regional Hospital received a nursing diagnosis of pain. This research was conducted to determine the factors associated with pain responses in inpatients at Embung Fatimah Regional Hospital. The factors that will be studied are age, gender, anxiety and coping mechanisms. The instruments in this research are a questionnaire and pain measurement using a numerical rating scale.
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 inpatient using accidental sampling technique. Data wereanalyzed using chi-square tests to test Factors that are related to pain responses in inpatients are Gender, Anxiety and Coping Mechanisms, while those that are not related are Age
Results: The results of this study indicate that the factors associated with pain response in inpatients at Embung FatimahGeneral Hospital are gender (p value = 0.003), anxiety (p value
= 0.011), coping mechanisms (p value 0.017) and factor that is not related to the pain response in inpatients at Embung Fatimah Regional Hospital is age with a value (p value = 0.196).
Conclusion: Factors that are related to pain responses in inpatients at Embung Fatimah Regional Hospital are Gender, Anxiety and Coping Mechanisms, while those that are not related are Age. In this study there were more women (65 people) while only men (45 people).
EFEKTIVITAS EUCALYPTUS SP SEBAGAI DISINFEKTAN SPRAY TERHADAP STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Diani Putri Sukma , Puspitaningrum Ike , Suryatna Sally Yustinawati
Published: January 2024

Disinfektan dan antiseptik (disebut juga biosida) adalah senyawa kimia aktif yang mampu mengatasi mikroorganisme pada benda mati maupun kulit manusia. Ekstrak daun Eucalyptus sp mengandung 1.8-cineole yang merupakan senyawa antimikroba namun lebih aman bagi jaringan mukosa manusia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan disinfektan dan antiseptik diekstrak dari tanaman Eucalyptus sp yang dapat membunuh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil: Disinfektan dan antiseptik spray dengan tambahan minyak esensial Eucalyptus sp dapat menghambat aktivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Kesimpulan: Hasil dari penelitian mengindikasikan senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada Eucalyptus sp efektif membunuh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus sehingga dapat berpotensi untuk pembuatan disinfektan dan antiseptik spray.
El incumplimiento de las obligaciones en la curaduría para segundas nupcias en menores de edad
Authors: Troya-Escudero Efreen Isaac , Coello-Avilés Esther Maricela
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente el incumplimiento de las obligaciones en la curaduría para segundas nupcias en menores de edad. El método empleado en la investigación, se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, manejando la recolección y análisis de una tipología documental-bibliográfica. Generándose un proceso analítico–reflexivo, contribuyendo a la generación de la extensión del estado del arte en correlación al marco jurídico. La técnica de investigación aplicada fue la entrevista; la herramienta o instrumento que se utilizó es la guía de entrevista; la cual se aplicó a profesionales del derecho, se buscó obtener su opinión jurídica sobre la solicitud de un seguimiento mensual. Se concluye que, la vulneración de los derechos constitucionales de los menores de edad en la curaduría para segundas nupcias plantea desafíos significativos que requieren atención y acción. Es fundamental implementar medidas efectivas para garantizar el respeto de los derechos de los menores.
Ilegitimidad de las medidas judiciales por incumplimiento de las pensiones alimenticias
Authors: Guevara-Panimboza Nicole Stefania , Verdezoto-Vargas Fernando Adalberto , España-Herrería Marcia Esther
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente la ilegitimidad de las medidas judiciales por incumplimiento de las pensiones alimenticias. Los investigadores se plantearon el método desde el paradigma positivista y la perspectiva cuantitativa, se apoyó en una técnica descriptiva con diseño documental-bibliográfico no experimental. Se desarrolló de acuerdo con un diseño de investigación documental y registrados por otros investigadores en fuentes documentales. Además, se realizó una encuesta a una población y muestra conformada por diferentes personas de la ciudad de Babahoyo, los mismos que están compuesto de la siguiente manera: 50 Abogados en libre ejercicio. Se concluye que, el derecho a la alimentación es un derecho fundamental de los niños y jóvenes, pero este derecho también afecta los derechos de los demás, como los padres. No se defiende la libertad como verdadero derecho fundamental porque es controvertida en el caso de alimentos forzosos por privación de libertad.
La extorsión modalidad delictiva pluriofensiva y su impacto significativo sobre la víctima, Babahoyo, Ecuador
Authors: Contreras-Valenzuela Karen María , Gualli-Avemañay Lisbeth Alexandra , Lara-Hurtado Iván Alexander , Barcos-Arias Ignacio Fernando
Published: January 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente la extorsión modalidad delictiva pluriofensiva y su impacto significativo sobre la víctima, Babahoyo, Ecuador. Los investigadores se plantearon como método para el desarrollo del trabajo de investigación el enfoque cuantitativo, mediante la exploración, recolección y análisis crítico mediante una tipología documental, apoyada con el diseño bibliográfico, construyendo métodos relacionados al juicio del fenómeno y así evaluar o discurrir nuevos argumentos. La población correspondió a un grupo de hombres y mujeres los cuales son habitantes del cantón Babahoyo. Las personas que participaron en esta investigación pudieron dar su consentimiento. Se seleccionó a 70 habitantes. Se concluye que, las autoridades poco o nada están haciendo para controlar las extorsiones, lo cual hace que el temor, angustia e incertidumbre incremente en los moradores, debido a que no existe un compromiso pleno por parte de las autoridades respecto a brindar seguridad ciudadana.
Enhancing Trade Settlement: A Meta- Analysis and VAR Model Approach to RMB Activation in International Transactions
Authors:   Korea Trade Research Association, h h , g g
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This paper aims to empirically analyze factors associated with international trade settlement methods and cross-border Renmingbi (RMB) settlement. RStudio was employed to perform an empirical analysis of prior research via meta-analysis, and to examine research trends pertaining to international trade settlement. Following the preceding research, factors such as economic scale, trade scale, RMB exchange rate forecast, money supply, inflation rate, and overseas financial market development have been identified as influential factors on RMB settlement. This study aims to investigate the impact on international RMB settlement. This paper provides a summary of the research areas pertaining to trade settlement methods by Chinese scholars, and examines deficiencies in China's research in this field.
Design/methodology - The empirical model takes into account both direct and indirect factors that influence RMB settlement. Utilizing the established theoretical framework to ascertain the correlation between different factors and the influence on RMB settlement, with the aim of offering recommendations for the facilitation of RMB settlement is the goal of the study.
Findings - The study reveals that RMB settlement transaction volume has a significant impact, while other factors such as economic scale, exchange rate, and trade scale also exert influence. Among these factors, economic scale exerts the most significant influence. However, over time, economic growth may reach a point of saturation, leading to a gradual reduction in its impact on RMB settlement.
Originality/value - This research aims to conduct a meta-analysis to statistically analyze the current research status and trends of trade settlement methods. This approach seeks to provide an objective and quantitative understanding of the research context and direction. Furthermore, the findings of the meta-analysis served as foundational data to employ a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model in a comprehensive analysis to simulate and forecast the interrelationships and effects of diverse factors.
Horizontes de acceso y satisfacción de los estudiantes beneficiarios a la Beca Permanencia del Programa Nacional de Becas y Crédito Educativo en el sur del Perú
Authors: Supo-Condori Felipe , Jove-Quimper Hernán , Laqui-Ramos Fermín , Quispe-Chambi Jesús , Acero-Acero Bonifacio , Condori-Lazarte Yeny
Published: January 2024

Given the limited information available about those who access the benefits of the Permanence Scholarship from the National Scholarship and Educational Credit Program (PRONABEC) as a social issue, the study aims to determine the level of access and satisfaction among beneficiary students of the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (Puno – Peru) during the year 2023 regarding the services provided by the mentioned scholarship. The research method follows a quantitative approach, grounded in hypothetical-deductive scientific research, formulating hypotheses to be tested against reality. The research type, in terms of depth, is descriptive and employs survey techniques, as well as document analysis and content examination. The sample utilized was a non-probabilistic convenience sample comprising 210 beneficiary students from various professional schools, categorized according to fields of study (Engineering, Social Sciences, Biomedical, and Economics-Business). Results concerning the access and satisfaction of beneficiary students with PRONABEC services differ based on students' place of residence, origin, and gender. In conclusion, within a global perspective, the majority of beneficiaries are content with the services offered by the Permanence Scholarship at UNA-Puno. However, to enhance the program's effectiveness, delving into areas of lower satisfaction would be valuable. This information can guide adjustments to tailor and improve future program interventions, ensuring its ongoing benefit and satisfaction for all students.
El proceso administrativo y la toma de decisiones en hoteles de categoría tres estrellas
Authors: Calderón Jaime
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the decision-making process and administrative management of three-star hotels in Acapulco, Mexico, specifically in the Nautical Zone. The main objective was to understand how managers of these hotels apply elements from different phases of the administrative process. The approach was qualitative, using grounded theory, and interviews were conducted with six hotel managers selected through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling method. In general, it was observed that the management of these establishments is carried out empirically, characterized by centralized decision-making in the manager or owner, resulting in a notable concentration of authority. As a result of the research, a model of administrative management is proposed with the aim of optimizing these practices and promoting the business development of three-star hotels.
CRYOGENIC FREEZING OF SOME BERRY SPECIES USING AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF MULTI-FUNCTIONAL QUICK-FREEZING EQUIPMENT
Authors: SORICĂ Cristian Marian , VLĂDUȚ Nicolae-Valentin , GRIGORE Andreea Iulia , CRISTEA Mario , SORICĂ Elena , OPRESCU Remus Marius , IONESCU Alexandru , VLĂDUȚOIU Laurențiu Constantin , DUMITRESCU Lucian
Published: January 2024

For the preservation of horticultural products, the best results in keeping the attributes and quality at a level as close as possible to that of the fresh product are obtained when artificial cold (refrigeration, freezing) is used, unlike other methods. Among the existing freezing methods, freezing with cryogenic agents allows obtaining average linear freezing rates superior to the other methods. The fastest procedure for cooling food products involves the use of liquid nitrogen, which comes into direct contact with the surface of the food product that needs to be frozen. The paper analyzes the quick freezing process of three species of berries, namely blueberries, strawberries and raspberries, using an experimental model of multifunctional quick-freezing equipment - ICR, developed by INMA Bucharest as part of a national research programme. Total times and average linear freezing rates, as well as liquid nitrogen consumptions for each of the three species subjected to freezing, were tracked. Following the analysis of the experimental data, there were found the following: the minimum total freezing time, 498 s, was recorded for blueberries and the maximum total freezing time, 773 s, was recorded for strawberries; for blueberries and strawberries the average linear freezing rates recorded values of 6.32 cm/h and 6.29 cm/h corresponding to a very fast freezing process and for raspberries the average linear freezing rate recorded a value of 1.62 cm/h corresponding to a fast freezing process; liquid nitrogen consumption recorded a minimum value of 6.90 kg for blueberries and a maximum value of 7.20 kg for raspberries. In the case of blueberries, at the end of the freezing process, cracks and fissures of the epidermis and pulp were observed as a result of the thermal shock induced during the very rapid freezing process.
PATH PLANNING OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PICKING ROBOTS BASED ON IMPROVED A* ALGORITHM AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM
Authors: LI Chen
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the suboptimal local path, slow convergence speed, and many inflection points in the path planning of fruit and vegetable picking robots in complex environments, a global planning method combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and A* algorithm was proposed. Firstly, Manhattan distance was taken as a heuristic function of global programming based on the A* algorithm. Secondly, the step size of PSO was adjusted to optimize the path, shorten the path length, and reduce the number of inflection points. Finally, the planned path of the fruit and vegetable picking robot was smoothed so that it could steadily move along a smoother driving path in real scenarios. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional PSO algorithm, the hybrid algorithm based on the improved A* algorithm and PSO algorithm achieves a smoother path and fewer folding points. In comparison with the PSO algorithm, moreover, this algorithm can guarantee the path generation efficiency and the global optimum. In the end, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by shortening the path length and reducing the accumulative number of inflection points.
Crystallinity and composition of Sc1−x(−y)Si
x
(P
y
) silicides in annealed TiN/Sc/Si:P stacks for advanced contact applications
Authors: Pollefliet Bert , Porret Clement , Everaert Jean-Luc , Sankaran Kiroubanand , Piao Xiaoyu , Rosseel Erik , Conard Thierry , Impagnatiello Andrea , Shimura Yosuke , Horiguchi Naoto , Loo Roger , Vantomme André , Merckling Clement
Published: January 2024

Sc-based contacts to Si:P have shown great potential for NMOS devices. However, the promising properties of this material system are not yet fully understood. This work provides new insights into the crystallinity and composition of annealed TiN/Sc/Si:P stacks. After silicidation, two distinct phases are evidenced, with orthorhombic ScSi lying atop a thin Sc1−x−y
Si
x
P
y
interfacial layer that shares a commensurate interface with the underlaid Si:P, hypothetically resulting in a low interface defectivity. The formed ScSi phase is observed to be thermally stable between ∼450 °C and 700 °C, which is suitable for most device applications. The impact of additional thermal budgets within this temperature range is investigated, revealing potential origins for thermally induced degradation of the contact properties.
Optical characterizations of GaN/MoS2 van der Waals heterojunctions with different band alignments
Authors: Hong Ray-Yu , Wu Po-Hung , Tsai Ping-Yu , Yu Ing-Song
Published: January 2024

The integration of gallium nitride (GaN) with 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) to form GaN/MoS2 semiconductor heterojunctions will have high potential applications in novel electronics and optoelectronics. In this study, GaN thin films were grown on pulse-laser-deposited MoS2 layer by plasma-assisted MBE at different substrate temperatures (500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C, respectively). The energy-band alignments of GaN/MoS2 semiconductor heterostructures were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The epitaxial growth conditions of GaN films influenced the band alignment of GaN/MoS2 heterojunction. Type-I heterostructure, a straddling relation between narrow-bandgap MoS2 and wide-bandgap GaN, was observed at the optimized growth temperature of 600 °C. At the same time, photoluminescence (PL) and photoreflectance spectroscopies were employed to analyze the optical properties of MoS2 and GaN/MoS2 heterostructures. The PL and exciton energy transition of 2D MoS2 layer can be enhanced by the capping layer GaN, especially for type-I band alignment structure.
اتجاهات الإعلام الإيراني إزاء الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق د ا رسة تحليلية لأخبار الع ا رق في قناة العالم الاخبارية )8111/18/ 11 11 / للمدة من
Authors: د. طالب عبد المجيد علاوي
Published: January 2024

أﻀﺤﻰ اﻹﻋـﻼم ﻓـﻲ ﻴوﻤﻨـﺎ ﻫـذا ﻗـوة ﻟﻬـﺎ أﺒﻌﺎدﻫـﺎ اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ ﺒﻘـدر ﻤﺎﻟﻬـﺎ ﻤـن ﻗـوة ﺴﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ
واﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ وﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ٬ ﻓوﺴﺎﺌﻝ اﻹﻋﻼم اﻟﻴوم ﺘﻨﻘﻝ إﻟﻴﻨﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤﺎت واﻵ ارء واﻷﻓﻛﺎر واﻻﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎت وﻤـن
ﺨﻼﻝ ﻨﺸﺎطﻬﺎ اﻻﺘﺼﺎﻟﻲ ﻴﺘم ﻨﻘﻝ اﻟﻌﺎدات واﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴد وﻴﺘم ﺘﻌزﻴـز اﻟﻘـﻴم اﻟﺴـﺎﺌدة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ٬ وأﺼـﺒﺢ
اﻷﻓـ ارد ﺴـﺘﻌﻤﻠون وﺴـﺎﺌﻝ اﻹﻋـﻼم ﻷﻏـ ارض ﻤﺘﻨوﻋـﺔ وﻴﺤﻘﻘـون اﺸـﺒﺎﻋﺎت ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ ٬ وﻴﻘﻀـون ﻤﻌﻬـﺎ
أوﻗـﺎت ﻤﻤﺘﻌـﺔ (١) . وﻤـن ﻫﻨـﺎ ٬ ﺴـﻌت اﻟﻘﻨـوات اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺌﻴﺔ (اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ واﻷﺠﻨﺒﻴـﺔ) ﻋﻠـﻰ اﺠﺘـذاب اﻟﻤﺸـﺎﻫد
ﻟﻤﺸـﺎﻫدة ﺒ ارﻤﺠﻬـﺎ ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ ﺴـﻌﻴﻬﺎ إﻟـﻰ اﻟﺘطـوﻴر ﻓـﻲ ﻤوادﻫـﺎ اﻟﺒ ارﻤﺠﻴـﺔ ﺒﺼـورة ﻋﺎﻤـﺔ واﻟﺨدﻤــﺔ
اﻹﺨﺒﺎرﻴـﺔ ﺒوﺠـﻪ ﺨـﺎص . ﻓﻘـد ﻛـﺎن اﻟﺴـﺒق اﻟﺼـﺤﻔﻲ ( اﻹﺨﺒــﺎري ) ﻫـو اﻟﺼـﻔﺔ اﻟﺒــﺎرزة ﻓـﻲ ﻫــذﻩ
اﻟﻘﻨــوات ﻋﺒــر اﻟﺘرﻛﻴــز ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻷﺨﺒــﺎر ﺸــدﻴدة اﻹﺜــﺎرة ٬ ﺒﺎﻹﻀــﺎﻓﺔ إﻟــﻰ ﺘﻘــدﻴم ﺘﻔﺴــﻴ ارت ﻋــن ﻫــذﻩ
اﻷﺤـداث ٬ ﻛﻤـﺎ إﻨﻬـﺎ ﻟﻌﺒـت ( اﻟﻘﻨـوات ) دو اًر ﻤﻬﻤـﺎً ﻋـن طرﻴـق إﻴﺼـﺎﻝ ﺒﺜﻬـﺎ إﻟـﻰ ﺠﻤﻴـﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘـﻴن
 
ﺒﺎﻟﺒث اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸر . (٢)
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SERVICE IN CATTLE PRODUCTION IN THE WESTERN ZONE OF TIGRAY REGION, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Mekonnen Teweldemedhn , Berhe Leul
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted before the ignition (before October 2020) of the war in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Artificial insemination (AI) is the first generation biotechnology and is one of the assisted reproductive techniques (ART) that greatly plays for a faster genetic improvement of farm animals. Though AI was implemented in cattle crossbreeding for many decades in Ethiopia, there is quite insignificant national output of crossbred cattle population (1.54 %). The aim of the survey was to assess the efficiency of AI service in cattle production in the Western Zone of Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Twenty (20) Kebeles and 353 small-scale farmers were purposively involved in the household face-to-face survey interview. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and summarized by mean, frequency and percentages. The survey indicated that the existing reproductive efficiency of cattle AI service in the Western Zone of Tigray Region, Ethiopia was extremely poor. The mean number of services per conception (NSC) was very high that could be due to mainly inappropriate heat detections. The recommended, acceptable and excellent grade of NSC fall in the range of 1 − 1.7. The overall conception rate at first insemination (CRFI) was also very poor (20.4 %) and thus calving rate (CR) was poor (20.5 %). About one-third (33.4 %) of the respondents indicated that cows and heifers exhibited heat in 0:01 − 6:00 am of the day. About 30.9 % and 28.6 % of the respondents reported that their cows and heifers were inseminated in 9 − 12 hours and 4 − 8 hours after the onset of heat, respectively. The majority (70.8 %) of the respondents did not practice controlled mating and breeding, and the first preference of 50.1 % of the respondents was natural mating. The most common source of bulls for about 34.3 % of the respondents was from neighbors and followed by own bred bulls (30.0 %). Cattle AI feasibility study and identification of AI strategic interventions should be the first focus to improve the existing poor AI efficiency of the study area.
PREDICTION OF AMINO ACID CONTENTS OF CASSAVA ROOT FROM CRUDE PROTEIN AND ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
Authors: Olanloye Silifat Adewunmi , Fafiolu Adeboye Olusesan , Egbeyale Lawrence Tokunbo , Adebayo Adebayo Vincent , Alade Adelaja Augustine , Oguntoye Mutiu , Ogunsola Idris Abolore , Oluwatosin Oluseyi
Published: January 2024

This study aimed at predicting and evaluating the variation in the amino acids of cassava roots from their crude protein. Nutrient composition of cassava roots were obtained from previous studies and descriptive statistics, correlations and prediction models were developed using stepwise multiple regression analyses. The results indicated that variations occurred among the amino acid content of cassava roots from different sources. The amino acid component with the highest coefficient of variance was Tryptophan (364.2 %) while the least was Alanine (38.41 %). Glutamine had the highest mean value (0.25 %) while the least value was Cysteine (0.01 %). Positive and negative correlations existed between the amino acid content at 1 and 5 % levels of significance. Equations generated for Total Essential Amino acid (TEA) and Total Amino Acid (TAA) revealed that r2 increased as the number of variables increased, Prediction equations generated values for TEA and TAA of cassava roots were much close to the actual values obtained.
EFFECTS OF FERMENTED PAWPAW SEEDS ON PERFORMANCE, ORGAN AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKEN
Authors: AKINDURO Victor , OLORUNTOLA Olugbenga David , ASANIYAN Emmanuel Kehinde , OSUNKEYE Olumuyiwa Jacob , OYEBISI Motolani Adesola
Published: January 2024

Pawpaw (Carica papaya) seed is often seen as the waste product of pawpaw fruit noted for being discarded after every peel of pawpaw fruit. However, studies have shown that it has enormous nutritional and medicinal properties, which formed the basis for this investigative studies. The study was designed to investigate the effect of fermented dried pawpaw seed fed at varying level of inclusion in the diets of broiler chicken at finisher stage on their general performance, carcass and organs characteristics. Two hundred day old chicks were used for the experiment and were exposed to the same management procedure throughout the starter phase (0 − 4 weeks). One hundred and fifty birds were then selected randomly and divided into 5 treatments of 30 birds per treatment and replicated three times with 10 birds per replicate. The pulverized fermented dried pawpaw seed was added into the broiler finisher diet in the proportion of 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 % and were allotted to treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Initial weight, feed intake, daily feed intake, and the feed conversion ratio was measured and calculated. Significant differences across all the treatments for the carcass weight was noticed (P < 0.05). However, the result also showed that there was no significant difference in the organs across all treatments except for the kidney and the proventriculus. However, de-feathered weight at 15 % level of inclusion was the highest, meaning the birds could still tolerate the test ingredient up to that level, however, the birds were at best on 10 % inclusion level as they recorded the highest weight gain next to the control. A case of depressed appetite was noticed in treatment 5 (20 %), which brought about the poor weight gained recorded, compared to other treatments. The result of this study showed that the use of the fermented dried pawpaw seed flour can be tolerated up to about 10 % inclusion as it gave the lowest FCR (feed conversion ratio) which could bring about high profitability, hence, encourage more people to go into Poultry business.
DUCKWEED AS A NON-CONVENTIONAL FORAGE FOR RUMINANTS IN THE TROPICS
Authors: OMOTOSO Sunday Oloruntoba , AJAYI Deborah Erinola , FAGBENRO Rashida Bukola , OYOGHO Evelyn Oluwatoyin , OSO Yusuf Aramide Adelaja , BABAYEMI Olaniyi Jacob
Published: January 2024

The high cost of grain-based concentrates and crop residues are increasingly affecting profitable ruminant farming in Nigeria because of inadequate green forage all year round. Duckweeds are aquatic plants which constitute a nuisance in an earthen fish pond. However, information about their forage value is limited. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value, secondary metabolites and in vitro fermentation characteristics of duckweed from earthen fish ponds. Duckweed represented as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 from different locations were collected, dried and analysed for chemical composition and in vitro gas production using buffered rumen fluid from goats. Cumulative gas production was measured at 3 to 48 hours of incubation periods. Results indicated that crude protein content was similar, while NDF, ADF and ADL were significantly different, with mean values of 54.11 %, 29.53 % and 11.57 %, respectively. Saponin content (0.407 − 0.468 %) was higher than alkaloids (0.312 − 0.433 %) and total phenols (0.158 − 0.175 %). Calcium and phosphorus varied from 0.09 to 0.54 % and 0.01 to 1.05 %, respectively. Lead and cadmium ranged from 0.01 to 0.17 mg.kg-1 and 0.01 to 0.03 mg.kg-1, respectively. Gas from the insoluble fraction (b), potential gas (a+b), the rate (c) and volume (Y) of gas produced were comparable. Cumulative gas produced increased as hours of incubation progressed, with gas volumes higher (3.93 mL/200 g DM) at 48 hr and least (1.07 mL/200 g DM) at 12 hr post-incubations. Metabolizable energy was similar and ranged from 3.13 to 3.68 MJ/Kg DM. Organic matter digestibility was higher (40.58 %) for T1 and comparable with T5 (36.76 %). Short-chain fatty acids (ranged = 0.02 − 0.05 µmol/200 mg DM) were comparable. In vitro dry matter degradability (ranged = 24.00 to 39.67 %) was significantly different. In conclusion, duckweed from earthen fish ponds is fairly degradable in vitro, and the nutrient contents elucidate its forage value for ruminants.
APPLICATION OF MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN CHARACTERISING THE PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF LOCALLY ADAPTED MUSCOVY DUCKS (CAIRINA MOSCHATA) IN NIGERIA
Authors: OSAIYUWU Osamede Henry , ADEYINKA Opeyemi , COKER Oluwakayode , OYEBANJO Marvellous , AKINYEMI Mabel
Published: January 2024

While there are studies that describe the biometric traits and phenotypic variations in Muscovy ducks in Nigeria, there are limited studies that employ a multivariate approach to depict the phenotypic variability of Muscovy ducks in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to explicate genetic variabilities within C. moschata using qualitative and biometric traits. This study used a multivariate statistical method to phenotypically characterise locally adapted Muscovy duck populations from seven ecogeographical locations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Four qualitative traits (eye colour, bill colour, bean colour and shank colour) and eleven biometric traits (head length, neck length, body length, wings length, shank length, toe length, thigh length, bill length, breast length, breast width and bodyweight) were evaluated in 201 ducks (109 males and 92 females). To study the possible effects of geographical locations on selected phenotypes, frequency distribution, univariate analysis, stepwise and canonical discriminant analyses and cluster analysis were performed. The association between body weight (BWT) and other biometric traits was assessed using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Male ducks (drakes) were generally more abundant than female ducks (hens). The most prevalent colour traits of locally adapted Muscovy ducks were brown eye colour (70.65 %), black bean colour (62.69 %), pinkish white bill colour (45.27 %) and grey shank colour (56.22 %). Overall, ecogeographical location did not significantly affect (p < 0.05) the measured biometric traits. However, across all locations, the sexual dimorphism was favourable in male ducks, with respect to biometric traits. Stepwise-canonical discriminant analysis revealed a substantial intermixing of biometric traits, especially in Molete, Oje, Adogba and Ajibode ducks. Similarly, the cluster analysis, although it separated the birds into different clusters, showed some level of admixture. The small Mahalanobis distance (0.61 − 3.88) suggested that, with respect to location, there was more morphological similarity than dissimilarity between ducks. The correlation analysis revealed that the body weight of ducks can be fairly estimated from other biometric traits due to their positive, statistically significant correlation. In general, the ducks from all seven ecogeographical locations were rather homogeneous than heterogeneous.
MANEJO DE CRISES DE ANSIEDADE E PÂNICO EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES: CONDIÇÕES MULTIFATORIAIS
Authors: Albuquerque Manuela Wanderley Carneiro de , Godinho Nathan Joseph Silva , Pinto Brunna Lopes , Ferreira Pedro Gabriel Alves , Laudares Thaiza Guimarães , Junior João Carlos Lourenço , Santos Ana Júlia Castro , Bezerra Rafaela Caetano , Boas Beatriz Zambon Villas , Santos Camilla Diniz Cavalcante de Araújo , Filho Fabian Sousa Gonzaga , Servin Beatriz Teixeira Noguera , Serafim Daniel Soares , Costa Mylena Caiaffo , Sartori Caroline Barnabé , Prado Gabriel Corrêa do , Afonso Daniele Martins , Giacomelli Rodrigo Alves , Severino Victhor Franco Souto , Silva Amanda Peixoto , Jesus Gabriel Bernardo de , Lima Augusto Henrique Freitas , Paula Lorena Ribeiro Lima de , Cornacchia Camila , Curzio Hadison Santos Nogueira , Nascimento Maria Helena Lima
Published: January 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é explorar as nuances e estratégias no manejo de crises de ansiedade e pânico em crianças e adolescentes, reconhecendo as condições multifatoriais envolvidas. Busca-se oferecer insights e orientações práticas para profissionais de saúde, pais e educadores na abordagem dessas complexidades no contexto pediátrico. Metodologia:  Foram exploradas várias plataformas acadêmicas, como PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Scielo, durante a pesquisa. Os termos-chave "crise de ansiedade", "síndrome do pânico", "crianças" e "adolescentes" foram utilizados. A abordagem PICO (População; Intervenção; Comparação; Outcome) foi empregada para aprimorar a busca, delimitando a população-alvo, as intervenções estudadas, comparações quando relevantes e os desfechos de interesse. Resultados: O estudo destaca a necessidade de abordagens personalizadas no manejo de crises de ansiedade e pânico em crianças e adolescentes, considerando a diversidade de fatores envolvidos. Intervenções adaptadas às peculiaridades individuais e uma compreensão aprofundada das condições multifatoriais são fundamentais para promover um impacto positivo no bem-estar emocional desses jovens. Conclusão: A abordagem sensível e ética no diagnóstico e tratamento da síndrome do pânico em crianças e adolescentes, considerando fatores culturais, é essencial para promover intervenções eficazes e centradas no paciente, garantindo o bem-estar e respeitando as complexidades individuais.