bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical diurnal cortisol changes in neonates suggesting preservation of foetal adrenal rhythms
Authors: Kinoshita Masahiro , Iwata Sachiko , Okamura Hisayoshi , Saikusa Mamoru , Hara Naoko , Urata Chihoko , Araki Yuko , Iwata Osuke
Published: October 2016

Studies suggested the presence of foetal adrenal rhythms of cortisol, which are entrained in antiphase to maternal rhythms. In contrast, neonates are thought to have no adrenal rhythm until 2–3 months after birth. To test the hypothesis that a foetal-type adrenal rhythm is preserved after birth, saliva samples were collected from 65 preterm/term infants during hospital stay (30–40 weeks corrected age) at 10:00 and 19:00 h. Cortisol levels were assessed for their diurnal difference and dependence on antenatal/postnatal clinical variables. Cortisol levels were lower during periods 15–28 days and >28 days than ≤5 days of life. Lower cortisol was associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational age <28 weeks, and mechanical ventilation after birth. Higher cortisol was associated with vaginal delivery and non-invasive ventilation support at saliva collection. PIH and non-invasive mechanical ventilation at saliva collection were associated with cortisol levels even after adjustment for postnatal age. Cortisol levels were higher in the evening than in the morning, which was unassociated with gestational and postnatal age. Higher cortisol levels in the evening suggest the preservation of a foetal-type diurnal rhythm. Cortisol levels are associated with intrinsic and extrinsic variables, such as PIH, delivery mode, gestational age, and respiratory conditions.
Abnormal behavior of silica doped with small amounts of aluminum
Authors: Liu Jinling , Wang Yiguang , An Linan
Published: October 2016

Silica is the most abundant mineral in the crust of the Earth. It has been demonstrated that the aluminum concentration in silica plays a key role in determining many properties of silica-based components. Although the alumina-silica system has been intensely studied, the effect of very small amounts of aluminum on the structure and properties of silica remains unclear. We report results of first principles calculations showing that small amounts of aluminum could be metastable when located in the center of Si-O rings without breaking the silica network. In contrast, higher aluminum contents will result in the destruction of the Si-O bonds, leading to the formation of triclusters and a 4-, 5-, and 6-fold Al-O coordination, as observed in previous studies. Based on the silica structure obtained through geometric optimization, the properties of silica doped with small amounts of aluminum were calculated. The results can account for many ‘abnormal’ phenomena experimentally observed. The results benefit most areas such as geosciences, microelectronics, glass industry, and ceramic materials.
Dynamics of an optomechanical system with quadratic coupling: Effect of first order correction to adiabatic elimination
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Cui Yuanshun , Chen Guibin
Published: October 2016

We explore theoretically the dynamics of an optomechanical system in which a resonantly driven cavity mode is quadratically coupled to the displacement of a mechanical resonator. Considering the first order correction to adiabatic elimination, we obtain the analytical expression of optomechanical damping rate which is negative and depends on the position of the mechanical resonator. After comparing the numerical results between the full simulation of Langevin equations, adiabatic elimination, and first order correction to adiabatic elimination, we explain the dynamics of the system in terms of overall mechanical potential and optomechanical damping rate. The antidamping induced by radiation pressure can result in self-sustained oscillation of the mechanical resonator. Finally, we discuss the time evolution of the intracavity photon number, which also shows that the effect of first order correction cannot be neglected when the ratio of the cavity decay rate to the mechanical resonance frequency becomes smaller than a critical value.
A rapid co-culture stamping device for studying intercellular communication
Authors: Hassanzadeh-Barforoushi Amin , Shemesh Jonathan , Farbehi Nona , Asadnia Mohsen , Yeoh Guan Heng , Harvey Richard P. , Nordon Robert E. , Warkiani Majid Ebrahimi
Published: October 2016

Regulation of tissue development and repair depends on communication between neighbouring cells. Recent advances in cell micro-contact printing and microfluidics have facilitated the in-vitro study of homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell interaction. Nonetheless, these techniques are still complicated to perform and as a result, are seldom used by biologists. We report here development of a temporarily sealed microfluidic stamping device which utilizes a novel valve design for patterning two adherent cell lines with well-defined interlacing configurations to study cell-cell interactions. We demonstrate post-stamping cell viability of >95%, the stamping of multiple adherent cell types, and the ability to control the seeded cell density. We also show viability, proliferation and migration of cultured cells, enabling analysis of co-culture boundary conditions on cell fate. We also developed an in-vitro model of endothelial and cardiac stem cell interactions, which are thought to regulate coronary repair after myocardial injury. The stamp is fabricated using microfabrication techniques, is operated with a lab pipettor and uses very low reagent volumes of 20 μl with cell injection efficiency of >70%. This easy-to-use device provides a general strategy for micro-patterning of multiple cell types and will be important for studying cell-cell interactions in a multitude of applications.
Structural and haemostatic features of pharmaceutical heparins from different animal sources: challenges to define thresholds separating distinct drugs
Authors: Tovar Ana M. F. , Santos Gustavo R. C. , Capillé Nina V. , Piquet Adriana A. , Glauser Bianca F. , Pereira Mariana S. , Vilanova Eduardo , Mourão Paulo A. S.
Published: October 2016

Heparins extracted from different animal sources have been conventionally considered effective anticoagulant and antithrombotic agents despite of their pharmacological dissimilarities. We performed herein a systematic analysis on the physicochemical properties, disaccharide composition,in vitroanticoagulant potency andin vivoantithrombotic and bleeding effects of several batches of pharmaceutical grade heparins obtained from porcine intestine, bovine intestine and bovine lung. Each of these three heparin types unambiguously presented differences in their chemical structures, physicochemical properties and/or haemostatic effects. We also prepared derivatives of these heparins with similar molecular weight differing exclusively in their disaccharide composition. The derivatives from porcine intestinal and bovine lung heparins were structurally more similar with each other and hence presented close anticoagulant activities whereas the derivative from bovine intestinal heparin had a higher proportion of 6-desulfated α-glucosamine units and about half anticoagulant activity. Our findings reasonably indicate that pharmaceutical preparations of heparin from different animal sources constitute distinct drugs, thus requiring specific regulatory rules and therapeutic evaluations.
Training to improve contrast sensitivity in amblyopia: correction of high-order aberrations
Authors: Liao Meng , Zhao Haoxing , Liu Longqian , Li Qian , Dai Yun , Zhang Yudong , Zhou Yifeng
Published: October 2016

Perceptual learning is considered a potential treatment for amblyopia even in adult patients who have progressed beyond the critical period of visual development because adult amblyopes retain sufficient visual plasticity. When perceptual learning is performed with the correction of high-order aberrations (HOAs), a greater degree of neural plasticity is present in normal adults and those with highly aberrated keratoconic eyes. Because amblyopic eyes show more severe HOAs than normal eyes, it is interesting to study the effects of HOA-corrected visual perceptual learning in amblyopia. In the present study, we trained twenty-six older child and adult anisometropic amblyopes while their HOAs were corrected using a real-time closed-loop adaptive optics perceptual learning system (AOPL). We found that adaptive optics (AO) correction improved the modulation transfer functions (MTFs) and contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) of older children and adults with anisometropic amblyopia. When perceptual learning was performed with AO correction of the ocular HOAs, the improvements in visual function were not only demonstrated in the condition with AO correction but were also maintained in the condition without AO correction. Additionally, the learning effect with AO correction was transferred to the untrained visual acuity and fellow eyes in the condition without AO correction.
Perinatal psychiatric episodes: a population-based study on treatment incidence and prevalence
Authors: Munk-Olsen T , Maegbaek M L , Johannsen B M , Liu X , Howard L M , di Florio A , Bergink V , Meltzer-Brody S
Published: October 2016

Perinatal psychiatric episodes comprise various disorders and symptom severity, which are diagnosed and treated in multiple treatment settings. To date, no studies have quantified the incidence and prevalence of perinatal psychiatric episodes treated in primary and secondary care, which we aimed to do in the present study. We designed a descriptive prospective study and included information from Danish population registers to study first-time ever and recurrent psychiatric episodes during the perinatal period, including treatment at psychiatric facilities and general practitioners (GPs). This was done for all women who had records of one or more singleton births from 1998 until 2012. In total, we had information on 822 439 children born to 491 242 unique mothers. Results showed first-time psychiatric episodes treated at inpatient facilities were rare during pregnancy, but increased significantly shortly following childbirth (0.02 vs 0.25 per 1000 births). In comparison, first-time psychiatric episodes treated at outpatient facilities were more common, and showed little variation across pregnancy and postpartum. For every single birth resulting in postpartum episodes treated at inpatient psychiatric facilities, 2.5 births were followed by an episode treated at outpatient psychiatric facility and 12 births by GP-provided pharmacological treatment. We interpret our results the following way: treated severe and moderate psychiatric disorders have different risk patterns in relation to pregnancy and childbirth, which suggests differences in the underlying etiology. We further speculate varying treatment incidence and prevalence in pregnancy vs postpartum may indicate that the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 peripartum specifier not adequately describes at-risk periods across moderate and severe perinatal psychiatric episodes.
Metal Toxicity – An Introduction
Authors: Crichton Robert R.
Published: October 2016

Both essential and non-essential metal ions can cause toxicity. The essential metal ions for humans are the bulk metals sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium and the trace metals manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc and molybdenum, and, after outlining why they are required, we summarise the circumstances in which certain of them can be toxic. A number of non-essential metals, like cadmium, lead and mercury are not at all necessary for life but, when introduced into the human environment, they pose serious problems on account of their toxicity. Essential metal ion toxicity can be attributed to accumulation of excessive concentrations of the metal ion, often in specific tissues or organs. The toxicity of non-essential metal ions is a consequence of environmental exposure leading to their accumulation within the body, where they interfere with the functions of the essential metal ions. Both types of metal toxicity can, in principle, be treated by the use of appropriate metal ion chelators.
Treatment of Systemic Iron Overload
Authors: Porter John
Published: October 2016

The long-term consequences of transfusional iron overload, as well as those resulting from Fenetic haemochromatosis, can be effectively prevented by controlling iron overload. Treatment of the latter is usually relatively simple by weekly phlebotomy until body iron levels approach those of healthy individuals. By contrast, the treatment and monitoring of transfusional iron overload is more complex. This entails iron-chelating therapy to bind excess body iron and excrete chelate-complexed iron in faeces and/or urine. Careful titration of chelation dosing is necessary, taking into account current levels of body iron as well as the rates of iron accumulation from blood transfusion. Failure to adjust the chelation regime for these variables can result in either serious iron toxicity to heart, endocrine system and liver, or conversely in toxicities resulting from over-chelation. Appropriate adjustments necessitate careful monitoring of total body iron, estimated from liver iron concentration (LIC), as well as assessment of iron distribution outside the liver, particularly heart and endocrine system using MRI techniques. This article will describe how licensed iron chelators, namely deferiprone, desferrioxamine and deferasirox can be used alone or in combination to control transfusional iron overload or its unwanted effects. Practical approaches to monitoring the levels and distribution of iron overload, as well as unwanted effects of excess iron or excess iron chelation are also discussed.
Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases by Chelators
Authors: Ward Roberta J. , Dexter David T. , Crichton Robert R.
Published: October 2016

Changes in metal ion homeostasis occur with aging which may precipitate the development of neurodegenerative diseases in susceptible individuals. Slight increases in iron content of specific brain regions, sometimes as little as two-fold, may have a devastating effect on brain function. In this current review we shall initially discuss changes that occur in brain iron homeostasis during healthy aging and longevity, and how alterations of its concentration and distribution may expedite various neurodegenerative diseases. Changes in metal ion homeostasis of other metal ions, namely copper and zinc, also occur in neurodegenerative diseases and will be discussed. Over the past five years the use of iron chelators to slow the progression of the disease and even improve clinical symptoms in some neurodegenerative diseases has been reported; clinical trials have confirmed their efficacy in specific neurodegenerative diseases, namely Friederich’s ataxia and Parkinson’s disease. The development of new chelators which are able to target specific regions of the brain, combined with drugs which are able to modulate the inflammatory processes, will further advance hope for the eradication of these debilitating neurodegenerative diseases.
Evaluation of Iron Overload by Non-Invasive Measurement Techniques
Authors: Fischer Roland
Published: October 2016

In recent years there has been increasing interest in non-invasive iron assessment techniques, especially of the liver, heart, and brain, in patients with iron overload and neurodegenerative diseases. This review is focussing on major development reports since 2000 unless references to former publications are required. Biochemical properties of the iron storage molecular compounds, haemosiderin and ferritin, are presented and all available iron specific magnetic susceptibilities are tabulated. The basics of quantitative iron assessment methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques such as relaxometry (R1, R2, R2* = 1/T2*), biomagnetic susceptometry based on electronic and nuclear magnetism, and nuclear methods using X-rays are outlined. The central role of dia- or paramagnetic magnetic susceptibility in the magnetization of tissue, which can either be probed by magnetometers (SQUID) or 1H-MR sensors (phase), is discussed. Assessment of in vivo tissue iron concentrations by non-iron specific methods (1H-MRI, biosusceptometry, X-ray CT) need a calibration by physico-chemical iron measurements in biopsy or autopsy tissue at least for validation. Results from different reference methods for liver (MRI-R2) and heart (MRI-R2*), showing their agreement, are compared. Finally, representative in vivo iron assessment studies in different tissues, organs, and glands are presented.
Chelators for Diagnostic Molecular Imaging with Radioisotopes of Copper, Gallium and Zirconium
Authors: Ma Michelle T. , Blower Philip J.
Published: October 2016

The radiometallic isotopes 64Cu, 68Ga and 89Zr have immense utility in molecular PET imaging. The ability to prepare clinically useful 64Cu, 68Ga and 89Zr radiopharmaceuticals is contingent on efficient chelators that enable access to simple radiolabelling methodologies, as well as providing metal complexes that are highly stable in vivo. This review highlights how the different design requirements for 64Cu2+, 68Ga3+ and 89Zr4+ chelators are dictated by not only each specific metal ion’s coordination preferences, but also the radionuclide’s half-life, the biomolecular vehicle to which the complex is attached, and the molecular process being targeted.
Depth profiles of hydrogen bound water molecule types and their relation to lipid and protein interaction in the human stratum corneum in vivo
Authors: Choe ChunSik , Lademann Jürgen , Darvin Maxim E.
Published: October 2016

Confocal Raman microscopy has been used to measure the depth-dependent profiles of hydrogen bound water molecule types in human SCin vivousing the Gaussian function-based deconvolution procedure of the HWN region. The hydrogen bonding state of the water profile in the SC has been determined.
Signal-on electrochemical sensor for the detection of two analytes based on the conformational changes of DNA probes
Authors: Wang Junchun , Guo Jinjin , Zhang Junjun , Zhang Wenjuan , Zhang Yuzhong
Published: October 2016

A “signal-on” electrochemical sensor was fabricated for the simultaneous determination of Hg2+ and Ag+ based on the conformational changes of DNA probes.
Molecular weight dependency of polyrotaxane-cross-linked polymer gel extensibility
Authors: Ohmori Kana , Abu Bin Imran , Seki Takahiro , Liu Chang , Mayumi Koichi , Ito Kohzo , Takeoka Yukikazu
Published: October 2016

This work investigates the influence of the molecular weight of polyrotaxane (PR) cross-linkers on the extensibility of polymer gels.
Optical properties of acene molecules and pentacene crystal from the many-body Green's function method
Authors: Leng Xia , Feng Jin , Chen Tingwei , Liu Chengbu , Ma Yuchen
Published: October 2016

Using many-body Green's function theory, we compare the excitation of several acene molecules at geometries optimized by different approaches.
A lanthanide–titanium (LnTi11) oxo-cluster, a potential molecule based fluorescent labelling agent and photocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Guang-Lin , Wang Sheng , Hou Jin-Le , Mo Chong-Jiao , Que Chen-Jie , Zhu Qin-Yu , Dai Jie
Published: October 2016

The substrate coated with a lanthanide–titanium mixed oxo-cluster showed an enhanced fluorescence image when treated with a solution of 1,10-phenanthroline and the cluster could also catalyze the degeneration of organic dyes on a paper substrate.
A biotin-conjugated glutathione-responsive FRET-based fluorescent probe with a ferrocenyl BODIPY as the dark quencher
Authors: Shi Wen-Jing , Lo Pui-Chi , Zhao Shirui , Wong Roy C. H. , Wang Qiong , Fong Wing-Ping , Ng Dennis K. P.
Published: October 2016

A ferrocenyl BODIPY quencher has been developed and employed to construct the captioned probe, of which its behaviour in phosphate buffered saline and inside cancer cells has been examined.
Palladacycle catalysis: an innovation to the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction
Authors: Lucio-Martínez Fátima , Adrio Luis A. , Polo-Ces Paula , Ortigueira Juan M. , Fernández Jesús J. , Adams Harry , Pereira M. Teresa , Vila José M.
Published: October 2016

A new approach to the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction based on the catalysis of a thiosemicarbazone palladacycle is presented.
A pentacoordinated norbornenyl-acyl-rhodium(iii) complex as a likely intermediate in the catalytic hydroacylation of norbornadiene
Authors: Almenara N. , Ibarlucea L. , Mendicute-Fierro C. , Seco J. M. , Rodríguez-Diéguez A. , Garralda M. A. , Huertos M. A.
Published: October 2016

The isolated and characterized compounds hydrido-acyl-Rh(iii) and norbornenyl-acyl-Rh(iii) are active species in the hydroacylation of norbornadiene with quinoline-8-carbaldehyde.
Calcium complexation and acid–base properties ofl-gulonate, a diastereomer ofd-gluconate
Authors: Kutus Bence , Buckó Ákos , Peintler Gábor , Pálinkó István , Sipos Pál
Published: October 2016

The structures of Ca-l-gulonate and Ca-d-gluconate complexes are slightly different due to the differences in the configuration of their ligands.
Novel configurations for a citrus waste based biorefinery: from solventless to simultaneous ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction
Authors: González-Rivera J. , Spepi A. , Ferrari C. , Duce C. , Longo I. , Falconieri D. , Piras A. , Tinè M. R.
Published: October 2016

Innovative extraction configurations for the biorefining of a biomass waste (citrus peel) were developed in this work.
Catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of ionic liquid processed biorefinery lignin to phenolic compounds
Authors: Kim Kwang Ho , Simmons Blake A. , Singh Seema
Published: October 2016

Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to play a significant role in the global bioeconomy for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals.
A catalyst-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines and 3-nitroindoles: an easy access to five-ring-fused tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Liu Xihong , Yang Dongxu , Wang Kezhou , Zhang Jinlong , Wang Rui
Published: October 2016

A catalyst-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines and 3-nitroindoles has been reported under mild conditions.
Characterization of solid magnetic nanoparticles by means of solid sampling high resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Vereda Alonso E. , López Guerrero M. M. , Siles Cordero M. T. , Cano Pavón J. M. , García de Torres A.
Published: October 2016

Direct determination of iron concentration and particle size of solid MNPs using HR CS GFAAS.
2,1,3-Benzooxadiazole, thiophene and benzodithiophene based random copolymers for organic photovoltaics: thiophene versus thieno[3,2-b]thiophene as π-conjugated linkers
Authors: Goker Seza , Hizalan Gonul , Aktas Ece , Kutkan Seda , Cirpan Ali , Toppare Levent
Published: October 2016

Influence of spacers on the optoelectronic properties of polymers.
Acid-catalysed intramolecular addition of β-ketoesters to 1,3-dienes
Authors: Vayer Marie , Fang Weizhen , Guillot Régis , Bezzenine-Lafollée Sophie , Bour Christophe , Gandon Vincent
Published: October 2016

1,3-Dienyl β-keto esters are cyclised into bicyclolactones using the Bi(OTf)3/TfOH catalytic system. Application to the total synthesis of ramulosin is presented.
Highly enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclopropyloxindoles via a Rh(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric cyclopropanation reaction
Authors: Chi Yongjian , Qiu Lihua , Xu Xinfang
Published: October 2016

An asymmetric cyclopropanation reaction of N-Boc diazooxindoles is described with good to excellent enantioselectivities, especially with alkyl alkenes (>90% ee).
A rich-amine porous organic polymer: an efficient and recyclable adsorbent for removal of azo dye and chlorophenol
Authors: Ou Haijian , You Qingliang , Li Ji , Liao Guiying , Xia Hua , Wang Dongsheng
Published: October 2016

A novel rich-amine porous organic polymer (RAPOP) was synthesized via the Schiff base reaction with melamine (MA) and terephthalaldehyde (TA) as the monomers.
{CoII/III5} horseshoe and {NiII4} lacunary cubane coordination clusters: the isobutyrate/N-butyldiethanolamine reaction system
Authors: Schmitz Sebastian , Monakhov Kirill Yu. , van Leusen Jan , Izarova Natalya V. , Heß Volkmar , Kögerler Paul
Published: October 2016

A combination of carboxylate and diethanolamine-type ligands direct the formation of unusual discrete {NiII4} and {CoII/III5} structures under otherwise identical reaction conditions.
Linezolid as an eradication agent against assembled methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms
Authors: Martínez S. R. , Rocca D. M. , Aiassa V. , Becerra M. C.
Published: October 2016

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) biofilms eradicated by linezolid.
Polypyrrole and its composites with various cation exchanged forms of zeolite X and their role in sensitive detection of carbon monoxide
Authors: Naikoo Rawoof A. , Bhat Sami U. , Mir Muzzaffar A. , Tomar Radha , Khanday Waheed A. , Dipak Pukhrambam , Tiwari Dinesh C.
Published: October 2016

Composites of polypyrrole and various cation exchanged forms of zeolite X were successfully synthesized and characterized by FTIR, powder XRD, SEM and TGA.
Molecular engineering of a π-conjugated polymer film of the azo dye Bismarck Brown Y
Authors: Teixeira M. F. S. , Barsan M. M. , Brett C. M. A.
Published: October 2016

Herein, we report a novel organic π-conjugated chromophore obtained by the electropolymerization of Bismarck Brown Y (4,4′-[1,3-phenylenedi(E)-2,1-diazenediyl]di(1,3-benzenediamine)). This polymer has potential applications as optical and electrochemical devices.
Atmospheric annealing effect on TiO2/Sb2S3/P3HT heterojunction hybrid solar cell performance
Authors: Kamruzzaman M. , Chaoping L. , Yishu F. , Farid Ul Islam A. K. M. , Zapien J. A.
Published: October 2016

We investigate the low-cost, earth-abundant and air-stable inorganic absorber Sb2S3that can be processed in the air for organic–inorganic hybrid solar cell applications.
MnO2 nanotubes with a water soluble binder as high performance sodium storage materials
Authors: An Yongling , Feng Jinkui , Ci Lijie , Xiong Shenglin
Published: October 2016

Well dispersed MnO2 nanotubes were synthesized via a hydrothermal method.
3-D structured SnO2–polypyrrole nanotubes applied in Na-ion batteries
Authors: Ruan Boyang , Guo Haipeng , Liu Qiannan , Shi Dongqi , Chou Shulei , Liu Huakun , Chen Guohua , Wang Jiazhao
Published: October 2016

SnO2-coated polypyrrole (PPy) with a three-dimensional (3-D) structured nanotube network has been prepared via a facile hydrothermal method and tested as an anode material for Na-ion batteries.
Synthesis of Ag/Ag2CO3 heterostructures with high length–diameter ratios for excellent photoactivity and anti-photocorrosion
Authors: Yu Nan , Dong Ruohao , Liu Jinjin , Huang Kuangfu , Geng Baoyou
Published: October 2016

Ag/Ag2CO3 heterostructures with high length–diameter ratios and superior photoactivity and stability are synthesized on a large scale by a simple one-pot method.
Support effects on SILP hybrid catalysts prepared with carbon materials and the RhCOD complex
Authors: Rufete-Beneite M. , Román-Martínez M. C.
Published: October 2016

Carbon materials of suitable porosity and surface chemistry are promising supports for SILP hybrid catalysts.
Self-enhancement of droplet jumping velocity: the interaction of liquid bridge and surface texture
Authors: Wang Kai , Liang Qianqing , Jiang Rui , Zheng Yi , Lan Zhong , Ma Xuehu
Published: October 2016

Whether droplet jumping velocity is enhanced or weakened depends on the impact position of liquid bridge.
β,β-Dialkyl γ-amino γ-trifluoromethyl alcohols from trifluoromethyl (E)-aldimines by a one-pot solvent-free Mannich-type reaction and subsequent reduction
Authors: Fioravanti Stefania , Mancinelli Federico , Parise Luca , Pelagalli Alessia , Pellacani Lucio , Trulli Laura
Published: October 2016

A diastereoselective one-pot solvent-free Mannich-type addition of α-alkyl aldehydes to trifluoromethyl (E)-aldimines, which first act as bases and then as electrophiles, leads to β,β-dialkyl γ-amino γ-CF3 alcohols in good yields, after reduction.
A thermal behavior and kinetics study of the catalytic pyrolysis of lignin
Authors: Bu Quan , Lei Hanwu , Qian Moriko , Yadavalli Gayatri
Published: October 2016

Depolymerization of lignin for phenols rich bio-oilviamicrowave-assisted heating.
Spectrometric and kinetics studies involving anionic chromogenic chemodosimeters based on silylated imines in acetonitrile or acetonitrile–water mixtures
Authors: Nicoleti Celso R. , Nandi Leandro G. , Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Machado Vanderlei G.
Published: October 2016

The nucleophilic attack of F−or CN−on the silicon center of chemodosimeters, through an SN2@Si mechanism, released colored phenolates as leaving groups. NMR, PGSE NMR, and UV-vis studies provided evidence on the mechanism of the reactions.
Synthesis, luminescence and electron–vibrational interactions of UV-excitable green phosphor α-Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4:Eu2+
Authors: Zhang Xinguo , Guo Ziying
Published: October 2016

UV-excitable α-Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4:Eu2+green phosphors were synthesized. The Eu2+occupied sites in α-Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4and corresponding luminescent properties have been investigated.
Cross metathesis of methyl oleate (MO) with terminal, internal olefins by ruthenium catalysts: factors affecting the efficient MO conversion and the selectivity
Authors: Awang Nor Wahida , Tsutsumi Ken , Huštáková Barbora , Yusoff Siti Fairus M. , Nomura Kotohiro , Yamin Bohari M.
Published: October 2016

Cross metathesis (CM) of methyl oleate (MO) withcis-4-octene,cis-stilbene, allyltrimethylsilane by RuCl2(PCy3)(IMesH2)(CHPh) yielded CM products with high MO conversion, high selectivity; the effect of olefin substituents, conditions was explored.
Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling optimization enabled by automated feedback
Authors: Reizman Brandon J. , Wang Yi-Ming , Buchwald Stephen L. , Jensen Klavs F.
Published: October 2016

An automated, droplet-flow microfluidic system explores and optimizes Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.
Chemically designed CeO2 nanoboxes boost the catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles toward electro-oxidation of formic acid
Authors: Ramani Swetha , Sarkar Sumanta , Vemuri Vamseedhara , Peter Sebastian C.
Published: October 2016

CeO2 nanoboxes designed by controlling various chemical parameters enhance both the efficiency and stability of Pt nanoparticles towards the electrochemical oxidation of formic acid.
Enhanced ZT and attempts to chemically stabilize Cu2Se via Sn doping
Authors: Bailey Trevor P. , Hui Si , Xie Hongyao , Olvera Alan , Poudeu Pierre F. P. , Tang Xinfeng , Uher Ctirad
Published: October 2016

Doping Cu2Se with Sn enhances the thermoelectric figure of merit and decreases material degradation in thermoelectric power generation conditions.
Hierarchically structured C@SnO2@C nanofiber bundles with high stability and effective ambipolar diffusion kinetics for high-performance Li-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Li Jingze , Chen Zeui , Lei Lijie , Liao Xuepin , Huang Xin , Shi Bi
Published: October 2016

In this article, a sandwich-structured carbon nanofiber@SnO2@carbon coating (C@SnO2@C) nanofiber bundle was facilely prepared by using collagen fiber, a typical fibrous protein, as the biotemplate and carbon source.
Rational design of metal oxide hollow nanostructures decorated carbon nanosheets for superior lithium storage
Authors: Dong Yanfeng , Liu Shaohong , Liu Yang , Tang Yongchao , Yang Ting , Wang Xuzhen , Wang Zhiyu , Zhao Zongbin , Qiu Jieshan
Published: October 2016

Metal oxide hollow nanostructures intimately decorated with carbon nanosheets exhibit excellent cyclic and rate performance for lithium ion batteries.
Fabrication of nitrogen-doped porous carbons for highly efficient CO2 capture: rational choice of a polymer precursor
Authors: Kou Jiahui , Sun Lin-Bing
Published: October 2016

Carbonization of a low-priced, nitrogen-rich polymer NUT-1 leads to the formation of nitrogen-doped porous carbons highly efficient in CO2 capture.
Controlling nucleation, growth, and orientation of metal halide perovskite thin films with rationally selected additives
Authors: Foley Benjamin J. , Girard Justin , Sorenson Blaire A. , Chen Alexander Z. , Scott Niezgoda J. , Alpert Matthew R. , Harper Angela F. , Smilgies Detlef-M. , Clancy Paulette , Saidi Wissam A. , Choi Joshua J.
Published: October 2016

Impact of rationally selected additives in precursor solutions on the nucleation and growth of hybrid perovskite thin films is investigated.
Impact of intermediate sites on bulk diffusion barriers: Mg intercalation in Mg2Mo3O8
Authors: Gautam Gopalakrishnan Sai , Sun Xiaoqi , Duffort Victor , Nazar Linda F. , Ceder Gerbrand
Published: October 2016

An experimental and theoretical evaluation of mobility bottlenecks in Mg2Mo3O8, a potential Mg battery cathode material.
Ultrabright organic fluorescent microparticles for in vivo tracing applications
Authors: Sun Chun-Lin , Li Ting , Jiang Jian-Qiao , Li Jun , Jiang Dong-Ming , Cao Jing-Jing , Zhang Shengxiang , Zhang Hao-Li
Published: October 2016

In vivodistribution, toxicity and metabolism of micro-sized fluorescent organic particles and their applications in cerebral blood flow tracing.
Protease-sensitive atelocollagen hydrogels promote healing in a diabetic wound model
Authors: Tronci Giuseppe , Yin Jie , Holmes Roisin A. , Liang He , Russell Stephen J. , Wood David J.
Published: October 2016

Protease-sensitive atelocollagen hydrogels were chemically designed to promote accelerated wound healingin vivocompared to a dressing gold standard.
Gamma ray shifted and enhanced photoluminescence of graphene quantum dots
Authors: Wang Tao , Reckmeier Claas J. , Lu Shunkai , Li Yanqing , Cheng Yafei , Liao Fan , Rogach Andrey L. , Shao Mingwang
Published: October 2016

The photoluminescence of graphene quantum dots can be modulated and enhanced controllably via gamma-ray irradiation.
Recent advances in high performance solution processed WOLEDs for solid-state lighting
Authors: Liang Junfei , Ying Lei , Huang Fei , Cao Yong
Published: October 2016

Recent progress in novel light-emitting materials and advanced device architectures of WOLEDs has been summarized in this review.
Unique pure barium titanate foams with three-dimensional interconnecting pore channels and their high-k cyanate ester resin composites at very low barium titanate loading
Authors: Zheng Longhui , Liang Guozheng , Gu Aijuan , Yuan Li , Guan Qingbao
Published: October 2016

High-k ceramic/polymer composites containing very low ceramic loading were developed through synthesizing pure barium titanate foams with a unique structure.
Air@rGO€Fe3O4 microspheres with spongy shells: self-assembly and microwave absorption performance
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Xiong Xu-hai , Chen Ping , Yu Qi , Wang Qi , Wang Rong-chao , Chu Hai-rong
Published: October 2016

Novel Air@rGO€Fe3O4 microspheres with excellent microwave absorbing properties and corrosion resistance were synthesized by a W/O emulsion technique followed by a calcination process.
Improved RIC bound for the recovery of sparse signals by orthogonal matching pursuit with noise
Authors: Tong Chao , Li Jun , Zhang Weizhi
Published: October 2016

The restricted isometry constant (RIC) bound for the recovery of a sparse signal with l2 bounded noise by orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is studied. We show under our weaker condition on the RIC of sensing matrix and the minimum magnitude of the non‐zero components, the support of the unknown signal can be recovered exactly under l2 bounded noise. Our results are better than the best existing ones.
Non‐binary turbo‐coded physical‐layer network coding on impulsive noise channels
Authors: Zhao Yuanyi , Johnston Martin , Tsimenidis Charalampos , Chen Li
Published: October 2016

Non‐binary turbo codes promise excellent performance for a wide range of applications and environments, but research in this area is sparse. The performance of a non‐binary turbo code defined in GF(4) on a two‐way wireless relay channel (TWRC) employing physical‐layer network coding, which is affected by impulsive noise is investigated. Simulation results for binary and non‐binary turbo codes are presented and validated with an error floor analysis at the relay of the TWRC and it is observed that non‐binary turbo codes significantly outperform binary turbo codes at low signal‐to‐noise ratios.
Netzwerkanalysen in der regionalen Versorgungsforschung: Das Beispiel der dermatologischen Versorgung in der Metropolregion Hamburg
Authors: Augustin J. , Austermann J. , Erasmi S.
Published: October 2016

Ziel der Studie: Übergeordnetes Ziel des Gesetzgebers ist es, eine „homogene“, flächendeckende und wohnortnahe medizinische Versorgung der Bevölkerung sicher zu stellen. Zur Beschreibung der regionalen Versorgungssituation kann der Versorgungsgrad (Bedarfsplanungs-Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses) herangezogen werden, allerdings kann er keine Auskunft über die Erreichbarkeit des bspw. nächstgelegenen Arztes geben. Hierzu eignen sich Netzwerkanalysen. Mittels eines Fallbeispiels werden anhand der regionalen dermatologischen Versorgungssituation in der Metropolregion Hamburg Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Netzwerkanalysen zur Analyse der regionalen Versorgungssituation vorgestellt.

Methodik: Um die regionale dermatologische Versorgungssituation einordnen zu können, wurde zunächst der Versorgungsgrad berechnet. Für die anschließende Netzwerkanalyse mussten die Dermatologen (N=357) in der Metropolregion nach Standorten (N=303) zusammengefasst werden. Vor der Berechnung wurden u. a. die Adressdaten der Ärzte in Koordinaten umgewandelt und Vorschriften (z. B. Geschwindigkeiten) des Netzwerkes festgelegt. Die Berechnung der bevölkerungsbezogenen Anteile der Erreichbarkeit basierte auf der Einwohnerdichte, die mit den Ergebnissen der Netzwerkanalyse verschnitten wurde.

Ergebnisse: Trotz einer insgesamt guten Versorgungssituation sind die Unterschiede in der Erreichbarkeit des nächsten Dermatologen in der Metropolregion beträchtlich. Das ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn der ÖPNV als Verkehrsmittel dient. Landkreise in denen über 60% der Einwohner mit dem ÖPNV länger als eine Stunde zum nächsten Dermatologen benötigen, wurden identifiziert. Insbesondere ländlich geprägte Regionen innerhalb der Metropolregion sind hiervon betroffen.

Schlussfolgerungen: Die Netzwerkanalyse hat deutlich gemacht, dass die Wahl bzw. Verfügbarkeit des Verkehrsmittels in Kombination mit dem Wohnort (ländlich/städtisch) von wesentlicher Bedeutung für den Zugang zur Versorgung ist. Vor allem ältere, wenig-mobile Menschen auf dem Lande sind damit benachteiligt. Daraus lässt sich die Notwendigkeit moderner Versorgungsansätze, wie bspw. der Telemedizin ableiten, um die Versorgungssituation im ländlichen Raum optimieren zu können. Netzwerkanalysen können einen wertvollen methodischen Beitrag zur Analyse regionaler Versorgungsdisparitäten leisten und bestehende Instrumente, wie den Versorgungsgrad, sinnvoll ergänzen.
Assessing (for) impact: future assessment of the societal impact of research
Authors: Hill Steven
Published: October 2016

National research assessments play a role in providing accountability—to funders, government and civil society—for the activities of largely autonomous research systems. Increasingly, an element of such assessments is the assessment of societal impact. In this article, I review the development of impact assessment, with a focus on the UK’s Research Excellence Framework, and consider implications and challenges for the future. Notwithstanding these challenges, I further argue that the assessment of societal impact needs to become a more central aspect of research evaluation. This article is published as part of a collection on the future of research assessment.
2D spatial profile measurements of potential fluctuation with heavy ion beam probe on the Large Helical Device
Authors: Shimizu A. , Ido T. , Nishiura M. , Kato S. , Ogawa K. , Takahashi H. , Igami H. , Yoshimura Y. , Kubo S. , Shimozuma T.
Published: October 2016

Two-dimensional spatial profiles of potential fluctuation were measured with the heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) in the Large Helical Device (LHD). For 2D spatial profile measurements, the probe beam energy has to be changed, which requires the adjustment of many deflectors in the beam transport line to optimize the beam trajectory, since the transport line of LHD-HIBP system is long. The automatic beam adjustment system was developed, which allows us to adjust the beam trajectory easily. By analyzing coherence between potential fluctuation and magnetic probe signal, the noise level of the mode power spectrum of the potential fluctuation can be reduced. By using this method, the 2D spatial profile of potential fluctuation profile was successfully obtained.
Surrogate-assisted network analysis of nonlinear time series
Authors: Laut Ingo , Räth Christoph
Published: October 2016

The performance of recurrence networks and symbolic networks to detect weak nonlinearities in time series is compared to the nonlinear prediction error. For the synthetic data of the Lorenz system, the network measures show a comparable performance. In the case of relatively short and noisy real-world data from active galactic nuclei, the nonlinear prediction error yields more robust results than the network measures. The tests are based on surrogate data sets. The correlations in the Fourier phases of data sets from some surrogate generating algorithms are also examined. The phase correlations are shown to have an impact on the performance of the tests for nonlinearity.
High sensitivity photonic time-stretch electro-optic sampling of terahertz pulses
Authors: Szwaj C. , Evain C. , Le Parquier M. , Roy P. , Manceron L. , Brubach J.-B. , Tordeux M.-A. , Bielawski S.
Published: October 2016

Single-shot recording of terahertz electric signals has recently become possible at high repetition rates, by using the photonic time-stretch electro-optic sampling (EOS) technique. However the moderate sensitivity of time-stretch EOS is still a strong limit for a range of applications. Here we present a variant enabling to increase the sensitivity of photonic time-stretch for free-propagating THz signals. The ellipticity of the laser probe is enhanced by adding a set of Brewster plates, as proposed by Ahmed et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 013114 (2014)] in a different context. The method is tested using the high repetition rate terahertz coherent synchrotron radiation source of the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. The signal-to-noise ratio of our terahertz digitizer could thus be straightforwardly improved by a factor ≈6.5, leading to a noise-equivalent input electric field below 1.25 V/cm inside the electro-optic crystal, over the 0-300 GHz band (i.e., 2.3 μV/cm/Hz). The sensitivity is scalable with respect to the available laser power, potentially enabling further sensitivity improvements when needed.
Correlation detection and an operational interpretation of the Rényi mutual information
Authors: Hayashi Masahito , Tomamichel Marco
Published: October 2016

A variety of new measures of quantum Rényi mutual information and quantum Rényi conditional entropy have recently been proposed, and some of their mathematical properties explored. Here, we show that the Rényi mutual information attains operational meaning in the context of composite hypothesis testing, when the null hypothesis is a fixed bipartite state and the alternative hypothesis consists of all product states that share one marginal with the null hypothesis. This hypothesis testing problem occurs naturally in channel coding, where it corresponds to testing whether a state is the output of a given quantum channel or of a “useless” channel whose output is decoupled from the environment. Similarly, we establish an operational interpretation of Rényi conditional entropy by choosing an alternative hypothesis that consists of product states that are maximally mixed on one system. Specialized to classical probability distributions, our results also establish an operational interpretation of Rényi mutual information and Rényi conditional entropy.
The effect of subgrid-scale models on grid-scale/subgrid-scale energy transfers in large-eddy simulation of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Authors: Kessar M. , Balarac G. , Plunian F.
Published: October 2016

In this work, the accuracy of various models used in large-eddy simulations (LES) of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is evaluated. Particular attention is devoted to the capabilities of models to reproduce the transfers between resolved grid- and subgrid-scales. The exact global balance of MHD turbulent flows is first evaluated from direct numerical simulation (DNS) database. This balance is controlled by the transfers between scales and between kinetic and magnetic energies. Two cases of forced homogeneous isotropic MHD turbulent flows are considered, with and without injecting large scale helicity. The strong helical case leads to domination of the magnetic energy due to an inverse cascade [A. Brandenburg, Astrophys. J. 550(2), 824 (2001); N. E. Haugen et al., Phys. Rev. E 70(1), 016308 (2004)]. The energy transfers predicted by various models are then compared with the transfer extracted from DNS results. This allows to discriminate models classically used for LES of MHD turbulence. In the non-helical case, the Smagorinsky-like model [M. L. Theobald et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 3016 (1994)] and a mixed model are able to perform stable LES, but the helical case is a more demanding test and all the models lead to unstable simulations.
Anti-reflective surfaces: Cascading nano/microstructuring
Authors: Nishijima Yoshiaki , Komatsu Ryosuke , Ota Shunsuke , Seniutinas Gediminas , Balčytis Armandas , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: October 2016

The creation of anti-reflective surfaces is reliant on the engineering of the surface textures and patterns to enable efficient trapping or transmission of light. Here we demonstrate anti-reflective layers composed of hierarchical nano/microscale features that are prepared on Si using a combination of wet and dry etching processes, and which are both scalable and affordable. The performance of the structured surfaces was tested through optical measurements of the reflectance, transmittance, and scattering spectra from the visible to mid-infrared wavelength regions, and the results were verified using numerical simulations to identify the performance of the textured anti-reflective layers. The anti-reflective properties of the layers were shown to be dramatically improved by the composite nanostructured surfaces over a broad spectral range, which thus provides a basis for the design rules that are essential for the progress towards effective anti-reflector fabrication. At normal incidence, the hierarchical surfaces achieve reflectances that are 10–80 times lower than that of conventional single-etch nano-microstructures. Portions of the absorbed, transmitted, scattered, and reflected light in the visible-IR spectrum are presented to illustrate the results.
Prediction of entropy stabilized incommensurate phases in the system MoS2−MoTe2
Authors: Burton B. P. , Singh A. K.
Published: October 2016

A first principles phase diagram calculation, that included van der Waals interactions, was performed for the 3D bulk system (1−X)·MoS2−(X)·MoTe2. Surprisingly, the predicted phase diagram has at least two ordered phases, at X≈0.46, even though all calculated formation energies are positive; in a ground-state analysis that examined all configurations with 16 or fewer anion sites. The lower-temperature I-phase is predicted to transform to a higher-temperature I′-phase at T≈500 K, and I′ disorders at T≈730 K. Both these transitions are predicted to be first-order, and there are broad two-phase fields on both sides of the ordered regions. Both the I- and I′-phases are predicted to be incommensurate, i.e., aperiodic: I-phase in three dimensions; and I′-phase in two dimensions.