bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transforming the Modern Workplace With AI (Artificial Intelligence) With Special References From India
Authors: Karthikeyan C.
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping the landscape of organizational behaviour, driving unprecedented transformation in decision-making, human resource management, employee training, and workforce planning. This essay delves into the multifaceted applications of AI within organizations, highlighting its pivotal role in enhancing decision-making capabilities through rapid data analysis and predictive modelling. In human resources, AI revolutionizes recruitment, employee engagement, and performance management, exemplified by global leaders like Unilever and IBM. The integration of AI-driven personalized learning platforms ensures continuous skill development, fostering a motivated and adept workforce. Additionally, predictive analytics facilitate strategic workforce planning, enabling proactive measures to retain top talent, as seen in companies like Royal Dutch Shell.
The Importance of Entrepreneurship and Organizational Qualities in the Digital Age
Authors: Adiguzel Zafer
Published: December 2024

Considering the critical intersection of entrepreneurship, competitiveness and digital transformation in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the drivers of economic growth and social progress and the transformative power of digitalization for firms become even more important. In particular, it is necessary to consider how digital entrepreneurship is reshaping industries and providing new opportunities for innovation and value creation. The theoretical framework for the adoption of AI and insights into organizational characteristics are presented, and the importance of AI in enhancing firms' competitive advantage is becoming increasingly evident.Therefore, in this chapter, AI applications in industries that demonstrate the significant impact of AI on decision-making processes and future business strategies are explained, and AI is examined as an important element in shaping the strategic direction and sustainability of companies in an increasingly competitive global market.
The Role of AI in Conflict Resolution and Negotiation
Authors: Roy Bitan , Ghosh Sanchita , Choudhury Nobhonil Roy , Roy Piyal , Paul Sreelekha
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to analyze the current turn of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in conflict resolution and negotiation analyzing its implications on the theoretical and practical level. This accomplishes the goal of the study, which was to investigate how AI might improve post-elite ethical, effective, and positive dispute resolution choices. A survey of the literature, the use of scenarios to demonstrate AI applied to conflict situations, expert interviews with ten different people, an ethical evaluation, and quantitative assessments make up the areas of work. The findings suggest that although AI has amazing techniques in these areas, there are important ethical conundrums that need to be cleared up in order to enable its proper implementation.
Parents’ risk perception on dengue infection in children: A preliminary explorative study 
Authors: Liyanage Guwani , Kottahachchi Kinkini , Athapathu Ashan , Jayarathna Ridma , Gamhewage Nimesha , Banneheke Hasini
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Even though children and adolescents are vulnerable to dengue infection, parents’ risk perceptions and attitudes regarding dengue infection and prevention have not been explored.Objectives: To study the parents' perceived threat of children's risk for dengue infection, and its determinants, in a locality with the highest dengue incidence in Sri Lanka.Method: This is an online survey among parents of 5 to 17-year-old school children in the Colombo district, a region with a high incidence of dengue fever. Parents’ perceived severity, vulnerability and barriers to dengue infection were determined with an online self-administered questionnaire (Cronbach’s reliability: 0.73). Simple and multiple linear regressions were used to estimate factors associated with risk perception.Results: The mean (SD) risk perception score was 78.3% (9.8%). Mean (SD) percentage scores for perceived vulnerability, perceived severity and barriers of dengue infection were 69.7% (14.6%), 82.7% (12%), and 82.5% (12.3%) respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the following factors had a statistically significant association to risk perception: parents’ educational level (B:2.11, 95% CI:0.919, 3.297, p=0.001), and dengue infection in self/friend/relative (B:1.23, 95% CI:0.275, 2.183, p=0.01).Conclusions: Respondents’ perceived severity of dengue infection was high, although the perceived vulnerability was comparatively low. The risk perception of this population was associated with educational level, and direct experience of dengue infection.
The role of serum presepsin in paediatric sepsis
Authors: Varsha M. , Patil Shruti , Meera K. S.
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of serum presepsin in paediatric sepsis and compare it with serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP). Method:  It is a prospective observational study that included children aged one month to 17 years admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit with suspicion of sepsis based on International Paediatric Sepsis Consensus Criteria for sepsis (2005). A one-time blood sample was drawn for assessing serum presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP at admission. The subjects were divided into sepsis and severe sepsis group and the biomarkers were compared for predicting severity and outcome. Results: Of 84 patients, 47 (56%) had sepsis and 37 (44%) had severe sepsis. The mean serum presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP in the sepsis group was 549pg/ml, 2.17ng/ml and 5.15mg/dl respectively while the mean values in severe sepsis were 3440.5pg/ml, 3.64 ng/ml and 10.41 mg/dl respectively and all were statistically significant (p value <0.01). Area under the curve (AUC) of serum presepsin (0.814) was highest followed by CRP (0.749) and procalcitonin (0.718) in predicting severity. With >650 pg/ml, serum presepsin had 70.3% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 80% positive predictive value (PPV) and 76% negative predictive value (NPV). Serum procalcitonin >2ng/ml, had 70% sensitivity, 68% specificity, 74% PPV and 63% NPV. CRP >5.75mg/dl had 62% sensitivity, 70% specificity, 63% PPV and 74% NPV. Similarly, serum presepsin showed higher specificity (95 % vs 55% and 49%) and PPV (55 % vs 17% and 15%) than procalcitonin and CRP in predicting mortality. Conclusions: Serum presepsin was better than procalcitonin and CRP in predicting both severity and mortality in septic children. Serum presepsin had the highest specificity and predictive values among the tested biomarkers.
Rezensionen
Authors: Jakob Martin
Published: December 2024

Rezension zu: Peter Hohler:
Nichts ist vollkommen. Oder doch?
Ein mathematisches Lesebuch,
89 Seiten, CHF 35; ISBN 978-3-9525987-0-2. meo Verlag 2024.
Caractérisation des systèmes de culture à base de mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) dans le district des savanes au Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Siene Laopé Ambroise Casimir , Conde Mariame , Nguettia Tah Valentin Felix , Kouadio Ange Fabrice Béra , Bayala Roger
Published: December 2024

Le mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), jadis exclusivement produit dans l’extrême Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire, voit sa culture réduite voire  même délaissée dans certaines zones de production, à cause de sa faible production. L'objectif de cette étude était de faire un état des  lieux des systèmes de culture à base de mil dans le district des savanes. Une enquête a été réalisée sur un échantillon de 176  producteurs  du district des savanes. Dans chaque village, seuls les producteurs du mil ont été sélectionnés et interviewés. Nos résultats  ont montré que le système de culture du mil était dominé par les agriculteurs de sexe masculin, qui cultivaient principalement des  variétés locales tardives, sur des billons en culture pure. En plus, la monoculture était pratiquée sur une superficie moyenne de 1,71 ha  pour un rendement moyen de 1,39 t, alors que le rendement moyen était de 1,28 t pour une superficie moyenne emblavée de 2,25 ha en association de culture. La faiblesse du rendement a été due essentiellement à la présence de contraintes telles que la faible pluviométrie,  la faible fertilité des sols, les attaques d’oiseaux et le non-respect des pratiques culturales. Des efforts devraient alors être faits dans la recherche de solutions à ces difficultés qui entravent la culture du mil, afin d’améliorer la production et les conditions socio-économiques  des producteurs.
Investigating relationship between different soil chemical properties and the biomass and grain yield of Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench (Sorghum) in agroforestry parklands systems along an increasing rainfall gradient in Burkina Faso (West Africa)
Authors: Coulibaly Yacouba Noël , Zombre Gérard
Published: December 2024

Cereal crops biomass and grain yield generally reduced under trees canopy, are also improved depending on trees species and structure  in agroforestry parklands suggesting complex interactions in these systems. This research investigated the relationship between soil  chemical properties and sorghum biomass and grain yield in agroforestry parklands for recommendations to maintain or improve  sorghum productivity under climate change. Studied parklands consisted of Vitellaria paradoxa C. F Gaertn and Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.)  Benth in association with sorghum in three climatic zones. Soil chemical parameters were measured using the spectrophotometry infrared method and sorghum biomass and grain yield were calculated by dividing their weight with the area of production. Cation  exchange capacity (CEC) and potassium (K) had a positive effect on sorghum biomass and grain yield when rainfall decreased suggesting  the application of management options improving soil carbon and moisture to increase sorghum productivity with reduced rainfall due  to climate change. CEC had a negative effect on sorghum biomass and in association with P. biglobosa when rainfall increased  suggesting the optimisation of mineral fertilisers use and tree pruning to increase sorghum productivity when rainfall increased due to  climate change. Further research is required to assess the effects of these recommended management options.
Diversité de la faune associée à l’ichtyofaune du cours inférieur de la rivière Djiri (Affluent de la Rive droite du fleuve Congo)
Authors: Mikia M. , Tsoumou A. , Dossou-Yovo L.R. , Dirat I. Mady-Goma
Published: December 2024

L’inventaire qualitatif de la faune aquatique associée à l’ichtyofaune de la rivière Djiri drainant le Nord de Brazzaville a été réalisée durant  deux ans. Les spécimens de cette faune associée ont été soit accidentellement capturés à l’aide des filets éperviers ou des filets  maillants durant les campagnes de pêche, soit observés aux abords du cours d’eau ou achetés auprès des pêcheurs. Il ressort de cette  étude que la faune associée à l’ichtyofaune de la rivière Djiri, présente une diversité de macroinvertébrés et de vertébrés (Batraciens,  Reptiles, Oiseaux et Mammifères), composée de 48 espèces, 39 genres, 29 familles et 17 ordres. Les macroinvertébrés constituent le  taxon le plus représentatif avec 23 espèces, 19 genres, 13 familles et 8 ordres. La classe des Insectes compte 13 espèces, 10 genres, 7  familles et 7 ordres. Les résultats de cette étude constituent une base de données pour des études spatio-temporelles de ces taxons bio  indicateurs, indispensables à la bonne gestion des écosystèmes aquatiques.
 
The qualitative inventory of the aquatic fauna associated with the ichthyofauna of the Djiri River draining the north of Brazzaville (Congo  Basin) was carried out over two years. Specimens of this associated fauna were either accidentally captured using cast nets or gillnets  during fishing campaigns, or observed near the watercourse or purchased from fishermen. It emerges from this study that the fauna  associated with the ichthyofauna of the Djiri River presents a diversity of macroinvertebrates and vertebrates (batrachians, reptiles, birds  and mammals), composed of 48 species, 39 genera, 29 families and 17 orders. Macroinvertebrates constitute the most representative  taxa with 23 species, 19 genera, 13 families and 8 orders. The class Insects has 13 species, 10 genera, 7 families and 7 orders. The results  of this study constitute a database for spatio-temporal studies of these bioindicator taxa, essential for the good management of aquatic  ecosystems.
Towards mastery and performance: The stakes for the University of Ghana language learner
Authors: Marjie Sarah , Sackey-Amakye Obeyaa
Published: December 2024

Previous studies on the motivation of students studying foreign languages in the Ghanaian context have focused on students’ perceptions about the languages they are studying and how these affect their motivation. Most of the studies show that learners at the tertiary level are most likely to be extrinsically motivated. Although studies on students’ perception of foreign language learning in recent years have gradually shifted their focus to the goals pursued by the learner, not much attention has been given to the type of goals that the language learner adopts at the University of Ghana. This paper uses goal orientation theory to investigate the motivation and learning orientation of 38 French and 33 Kiswahili third-year students at the University of Ghana. It also focuses on other factors, such as individual goal settings and how these impact learners’ foreign language learning experience. The findings show that most participants studying French or Kiswahili are mastery-oriented, as most considered communication and personal development as their reasons for choosing the languages. However, they pursue a performance approach goal when preparing for exams.
Haematological effect of Tridax procumbens methanolic extract in Wistar rats
Authors: Ngaski A.A. , Abubakar M. , Bunza F.U.
Published: December 2024

This study seeks to assess the haematological effect of Tridax procumbens methanolic extract (TPME) in Wistar rats. Tridax procumbens is a common procumbent plant with several therapeutic potentials. Forty (40) Wistar rats divided into two (2) sets of twenty-one (21) and eighteen (18) were used. The set of twenty-one (21) rats was used to carry out the acute oral toxicity of the TPME to obtain the LD₅₀ of the extract using the Lorke’s method. The set of eighteen (18) rats was divided into six (6) groups of three (3) rats each. Rats in the first group served as the normal control and received 0.5 mL of distilled water. Rats in the remaining five (5) groups received 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg of TPME per body weight for twenty-eight (28) consecutive days respectively. Haematological indices of blood such as PCV, HCT, HGB, MCH, MCHC, MCV, WBC, LYM, NEUT, MXD, and PLT were measured in the blood sample to evaluate the effect of the extract in the exposed animals. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was done for all parameters measured. Change in weight of the exposed animals reduced, albeit non-significant (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in neutrophils count, with the highest effects produced by groups that received 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg of TPME.There was a non-significant increase of PCV, HCT, HGB, MCH, MCHC, and MCV across the group as well as a non-significant decrease in RBC, WBC, MXD, and lymphocytes counts across the groups (p>0.05). In summary, the result from this study indicates that the administration of TPME may possess some haematinic effect and as such can be investigated further for potential use as a haematinic agent.
Catheter associated Candiduria among in-patients accessing care in a Tertiary Health Institution in Calabar, Nigeria.
Authors: Ogba Ofonime Mark , Chidinma Bullem-Odu Davina , Inah Inah Onet , Ogba Rejoice Oghenovo , Akpan Nseobong Godwin , Nyambi Edim Sunday , Ifu Ugar Louisa
Published: December 2024

Urinary tract infections caused by Candida species are becoming increasingly common in hospital settings. The association is higher in patients with urinary catheterization. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Candida species causing urinary infection in catheterized patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital and the ability of isolates to form biofilm. The study was a cross-sectional prospective study which ran for five months, from March to August, 2021. Catheterized patients from surgical ward and orthopedic wards were recruited for the study. Purposive sampling method was used because the subjects were few. Urine samples were obtained from the catheter port and subjected to microscopy, culture and susceptibility testing. Candida isolates were characterized and tested for antifungal susceptibility and biofilm production. The study recorded (25.7%) prevalence of candiduria among subjects. Most of the Candida isolates (55.5%) were non-albicans Candida species. Candida albicans accounted for (44.4%) infections. The infection rates among female subjects 7(77.7%) was higher than males 2(22.2%) but there was no significant association between gender and infection rates (χ² = 3.88; p ≥ 0.05). Patients with highest Candida infection (55.6%) were aged 41-50 years while subjects in their first to third decade of life had no infection. Candida glabrata was the highest occurring non-albicans Candida species (33.3%). In this study biofilm production was seen in (66.7%) of the Candida isolates and the isolates were highly susceptible to Itraconazole (100.0%) and Fluconazole (77.3%). Only Candida glabrata was resistant to Amphotericin B (0.0%). Candiduria is a health problem in the study setting among catheterized subjects. Candida albicans was the most isolated Candida species with high rates of biofilm production. There was high antifungal resistance among isolates which calls for better antifungal stewardship for better patients' management and outcome.
Evaluation of testosterone and mineral elements (Cu, Zn And Mg) levels in male sickle cell patients In Benin City, Edo State.
Authors: Osadolor H.B. , Oduwa Osarenmwinda , Iziegbe Ehigbor Patience
Published: December 2024

Sickle cell diseases (SCD) are groups of blood disorders that are inherited from both parents. Sickle cell anaemia is the most well-known among them. SCD affects 2–3% of Nigeria’s population. The evaluation of testosterone and mineral elements (Cu, Zn, and Mg), which promotes secondary male characteristics and red blood cell integrity, places emphasis on sickle cell disease management. This study was aimed to determine testosterone and mineral elements (Cu, Zn, and Mg) in sickle cell patients in Benin City, Edo state and to correlate the findings between those in steady state and vaso-occlusive crisis. Serum testosterone, copper, zinc, and magnesium were determined in 100 male sickle cell patients attending sickle cell centre in Benin City, and in 50 male apparently healthy controls. A detailed and structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about their age, gender, occupation, frequency of hospital visit, and history of blood transfusion. The level of serum testosterone was measured using the microwell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, while the levels of serum copper, zinc, and magnesium were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean value was obtained using paired Student’s T-test and Pearson’s correlation. The mean levels of testosterone (2.52±0.153 ng/ml), copper (72.6±3.06 µg/dl) and zinc (73.0±1.96 µg/dl) were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in sickle cell disease than controls. The mean level of magnesium (1.63±0.187 mg/dl) was significantly lower (p < 0.007) than controls. The mean copper to zinc ratio (0.999±0.0326 µg/dl) was also significantly lower (p < 0.001) than controls. The testosterone (p < 0.746), copper (p < 0.48), zinc (p < 0.743), magnesium (p < 0.566), and copper to zinc ratio (p < 0.517) were independent of the age groups of male sickle cell disease patients used for this study. Testosterone level in male sickle cell disease patients showed positive significant correlation with copper (r=0.71; p < 0.001), zinc (r=0.50; p < 0.001), copper to zinc ratio (r=0.45; p < 0.001) and on magnesium (r=0.19; p < 0.05). The study showed that serum testosterone and mineral elements (Cu, Zn, and Mg) levels in male sickle cell patients were significantly low and could be responsible for infertility and severe anaemia in male SCD patients.
The carrier rate of Treponema pallidum (Syphilis) antibody among women in some selected locations in Ondo State, Nigeria.
Authors: Fadipe D.O. , Omotuyi I.O. , Olajubu F.A.
Published: December 2024

Syphilis is a multi-stage, vertically (mother to child transmission) or sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. It is an obligate human pathogen renowned for its invasiveness and immune evasiveness. It is of global concern because it causes worldwide health problems like congenital syphilis, neurological conditions such as meningitis, hemiplegia, stroke, aphasia, seizures, and Tabes dorsalis. It also does Gummatous syphilis which features severe skin or visceral lesions called Gummas and as such should be the concern of all public health agencies. This study was done in order to determine the carrier rate of Treponema pallidum among apparently healthy women in Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria. Four hundred volunteered women from the three senatorial districts of the State were screened for the antibody to T. pallidum to determine their sero-positivity percentage. The rapid test kit was used, and results were confirmed with Treponema pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) kit. Of these 400 women, 3 (0.75%) were confirmed positive. The percentage sero-positivity varies across the three senatorial districts, 1.3% was reported in the urban central district, 0.83% in the north and none (0%) was seen in the southern district. The mean age of the women is 31 years, meaning that they are still within the sexually active age bracket. More efforts in public enlightenment will help in the control of STIs in Ondo State.
Uterotrophic bioassay of Carica papaya and Garcinia kola (bi-herbal) aqueous extract
Authors: Itemire Anne , Bafor Enitome
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To investigate the estrogenic effect of Carica papaya, Garcinia kola, bi-herbal (BH) using the uterotrophic assay. Methods: Twenty-five (25) immature female Wister rats (18 days old) were assigned to 5 groups (A – E). Groups A (control group) and E were treated with 10 mL/kg of distilled water and 10 mg/kg estradiol, respectively, while groups B, C and D were given 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg BH, respectively by oral gavage for 3 consecutive days. The body weight of the animals and the quantity of feed consumed were determined daily. On the 4th day, the rats were anesthetized and blood was collected for estradiol assay using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The uteri, ovaries and cervix were dissected and weighed. The organs were fixed in Bouins fluid and processed histologically. Results: The result showed an increase in body weight which corresponded with the quantity of feed consumed. There was a non-significant (p > 0.05), dose-dependent increase in blood estradiol levels in all BH extract-treated groups and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the estradiol group. Photomicrographs of the uterus, cervix and ovary of all treated groups revealed normal cellular and structural appearance. Conclusion: The aqueous bi-herbal root extract is non-estrogenic at experimental doses. Therefore, it alleviates concerns about infertility and estrogen-induced cancers associated with high estrogen levels with the use of this bi-herbal extract.
Efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid sodium injection in combination with arthroscopic surgery for temporomandibular joint disc displacement
Authors: Wei Xiaotong , Gao Jing , Tianzhi Zhengrong , Zhao Fengyun , Wang Hao , Yan Wei
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate in conjunction with arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disc displacement. Methods: The study involved 120 patients with temporomandibular joint disc displacement treated at Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Province, China between January 2019 and December 2022. These patients were randomly allocated into control and study groups comprising 60 patients each. Control group was treated with arthroscopic surgery, while the study group was received a combination of hyaluronic acid sodium intra-articular injection and arthroscopic surgery. Visual analogue scale (VAS), degree of mouth opening, recovery of joint function (TJFI) and recurrence of disease condition were evaluated one month and six months after surgery for both groups. Results: Following the treatment, the study group exhibited notable advantages over the control group. Pain intensity in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The study group demonstrated significantly improved mouth opening compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The TJFI index of the study group was significantly superior to that of the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the study group experienced a substantially lower recurrence rate than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Intra-articular hyaluronic acid sodium injection in combination with arthroscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment for temporomandibular joint disc displacement. This therapeutic strategy substantially improves mouth opening, mitigates pain, and reinstates joint function, while demonstrating a low recurrence rate. Future studies utilizing larger sample sizes, incorporating multiple centers for a more diverse patient population, and involving long-term follow-up to assess the efficacy and safety of combined treatments with hyaluronic acid sodium joint cavity injection and joint disc surgery will be required to establish the findings of this investigation.
Overview of pharmacology and clinical development of small interfering RNA
Authors: Alhaddad Aisha
Published: December 2024

approach in cancer treatment. To produce siRNA, short nucleotide sequences are generated exogenously. siRNA inhibits target gene expression in a sequence-specific manner and initiates RNA interference (RNAi) in cells. SiRNA is a recently popularized nucleic acid-based medication that shows unique promise in the treatment of cancer. Before clinical siRNA delivery devices are created, there are still a lot of challenges to be solved. This review covers the potential targets for siRNA drug design, elucidates the characteristics and advantages of siRNA drugs and provides a summary of the available clinical siRNA therapies for cancer treatment. Therapeutically complex siRNA chemical alterations and delivery systems are described, and bio-responsive materials for siRNA release have been classified. This study will support continued advancements in clinical applications of siRNA by acting as a resource for disseminating information for more accurate and effective targeted delivery systems.
Expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients.
Authors: Alrafiah Aziza , M.A.F Zaher , Algothmi Khloud , Mehdar Khlood , Alqahtani Saad , Al-Ammari Khuzama
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To determine the serum levels of cytokines, interleukins (IL) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and compare with those in healthy individuals. Methods: Twenty-two (22) adult patients with MS and 44 healthy controls, matched for age and gender, and visiting the King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were divided into groups I and II, respectively. Serum levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor and interleukins were determined for both groups. Cytokine levels were assessed using Luminex® xMAP® technology in 22 Saudi MS patients and 22 matched healthy controls. Results: There were no significant differences in mean age between Group I (30.14 ± 10.51) and Group II (30.22 ± 5.22) participants (p = 0.982). Furthermore, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum were significantly higher in Group I patients than in controls (p < 0.0001 for all). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was found between IFN-γ and IL-8 (r = 0.467, p = 0.028) in MS patients. Conclusion: Patients with MS release significant amounts of inflammatory cytokines, which play a crucial role in understanding the clinical course of MS. These findings enhance the understanding of MS pathophysiology and guide future studies toward developing targeted treatments to mitigate disease progression and improve patients’ quality of life.
Transformacje strategii narracyjnych w dobie popularności serwisów streamingowych i binge-watchingu
Authors: Orzeł Barbara
Published: December 2024

We currently live in an era characterized by cultural excess and information overload. Over the last few decades, the widespread of new technological solutions and the dynamic development of on-demand entertainment services have profoundly changed the approach to television content. Streaming platforms meet the need for “immediacy” of “being instant”, and that is what modern viewers so much expect. The entertainment must be highly personalized and available from anywhere in the world; the stories produced must be attention-grabbing and engaging, and the application interface should be intuitive. The popularity of binge-watching has increased thanks to the development of streaming and VOD (video-on-demand) services, which began to offer entire seasons of productions, and viewers began to watch series in the form of “marathons”. The article describes contemporary narratives on streaming platforms, their impact on the definition of movies and series, and the emergence of new consumption behaviours. The research method used is a literature review. In the first part of the article, the author characterized the phenomenon of binge-watching – its most essential features, classifications and psychological motivations. The most important part of the article is an analysis of narrative strategies used by series creators, using Netflix as an example. Next, the author reflected on the problem of the fluidity of the definition of a film and a TV series and finally focused on the issue of the perception of TV series on available streaming platforms and the related changes in consumption behaviour. The conclusions provide a synthetic summary of the previous considerations and attempt to outline possible directions of changes.
Incest Taboos in Sacred Texts: Theological and Historical Analysis of Prohibitions and Sanctions in Abrahamic Religions
Authors: Rahimah  , Hidayat Taufik Wal , Hati Lila Pelita
Published: December 2024

The study examines the role of religion in shaping and enforcing social norms regarding the taboo of incest, with a focus on theological and historical interpretations within Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Incest, as a form of intrafamilial sexual violence, is under-researched due to societal stigma. The research aims to provide insights into how religion influences values and social order, especially concerning taboo subjects like incest. A qualitative phenomenological approach is used, gathering primary data through interviews with religious leaders, academics, and individuals with personal experiences, alongside secondary data from sacred texts and academic sources. The findings reveal that the prohibition of incest in Abrahamic religions serves as both a moral rule and a social regulatory tool, reinforcing family and societal boundaries. The sacred texts from these religions explicitly forbid incest, with corresponding sanctions, underscoring the sanctity of family. The study also explores how these religious interpretations shift in response to social and cultural changes. This research offers a new perspective on the relationship between theology, law, and social structures, emphasizing religion's proactive role in addressing taboo issues, including offering solutions grounded in theological principles. It calls for a more open, inclusive approach to research on neglected and sensitive issues like incest.
The Visit of Pope Francis: An Inter-theological Perspective in Strengthening Bilateral Relations and Tolerant Religious Life in Indonesia
Authors: Riadi Selamat , Purba Arief Marizki , Supratikta Hadi , Asrori  , Nasution Lokot Zein
Published: December 2024

Pope Francis' visit to Indonesia was crucial in strengthening Indonesia-Vatican diplomatic relations and religious harmony. This study examines the impact of the visit on pluralism and interfaith dialogue, particularly between Muslim and Catholic communities. Through an inter theological approach, this study explores theological messages related to love and human dignity and their relevance in strengthening interfaith relations. The results of the study are expected to contribute to encouraging closer and more harmonious cooperation in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method. Data collection techniques were used to identify and collect relevant literature sources, including journal articles, books, and reports. The data analysis technique was conducted by exploring Indonesia's social and cultural context to understand the dynamics that occur. Pope Francis affirmed the importance of interfaith dialogue, especially between Catholics and Muslims, to strengthen religious harmony. By promoting love and respect for human dignity, the Pope encourages cooperation in facing social challenges such as poverty and radicalism. The dialogue should go beyond tolerance, creating closer and more peaceful relationships. This initiative is expected to strengthen interfaith brotherhood and encourage a more harmonious and inclusive life amid Indonesia's religious diversity.
ANALISIS PERAN GURU DALAM MENDORONG MINAT DAN BAKAT KEWIRAUSAHAAN SISWA KELAS V DI SDN 17/I RANTAU PURI
Authors: Rahmadani Nuzul , Pangestuti Diana , Gusmiva Adelsa , Zuhriana Winda Agil , Masyita Ayu , Sofwan Muhammad , Sholeh Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This research aims to describe the role of teachers in encouraging students' entrepreneurial interests and talents at SDN 17/I Rantau Puri. In the research, researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data in the research were collected through unstructured observation and interviews. After the data is obtained, data analysis is then carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research are the role of teachers in developing students' entrepreneurial interests and talents through guidance that supports their growth in terms of personality, social interaction, learning, and future career preparation. Entrepreneurial interest and talent refers to a person's interest or inclination towards the business world and having a high entrepreneurial spirit, characterized by courage in taking risks and having a mature vision and mission that emerges from experience and observation of the surroundings. Based on the presentation of the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that in encouraging students' entrepreneurial interests and talents, teachers have a very important role by carrying out their role in guiding and training students. Keywords: Role of Teachers, Interests, Talents, Entrepreneurship Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru dalam mendorong minat dan bakat kewirausahaan siswa di SDN 17/I Rantau Puri. Dalam penelitian, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Data pada penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara yang tidak tersetruktur. Setelah data didapatkan, kemudian dilakukan analisis data dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah peran guru dalam mengembangkan minat dan bakat kewirausahaan siswa melalui bimbingan yang mendukung pertumbuhan mereka dalam hal kepribadian, interaksi sosial, pembelajaran, dan persiapan karier di masa mendatang. Minat dan bakat berwirausaha merujuk pada ketertarikan atau kecenderungan seseorang terhadap dunia bisnis dan memiliki jiwa berwirausaha yang tinggi dengan ditandai keberanian dalam mengambil risiko serta memiliki visi dan misi yang matang yang muncul dari pengalaman dan pengamatan sekitar. Berdasarkan pemaparan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam mendorong minat dan bakat kewirausahaan siswa guru memiliki peran sangat penting dengan menjalankan perannya dalam membimbing dan melatih siswa. Kata Kunci: Peran Guru, Minat, Bakat, Kewirausahaan
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL
Authors: Rizqiyati Zurni , Kurniawan Riski , Inayati Mahfida , Syarif Zainuddin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Indonesia is a country that has racial, cultural, religious and ethnic diversity. This diversity can also cause conflicts if not managed properly. To prevent the occurrence of these conflicts, multicultural education is needed. Multicultural education is not explicitly mentioned in the National Education System Law, but the Law in the National Education System leads to multicultural education. The research method used is library research by analyzing articles on the implementation of multicultural education in practice which are presented in detail in the table. Implementation has three important aspects, namely, planning in the form of curriculum, implementation in the form of learning methods and evaluation in the form of application or impact of the implementation of the curriculum and teaching methods. In the implementation of multicultural education, there are also challenges and opportunities. The challenges are, the ambiguity of tolerance limits, the tendency of restrictions on homogeneous or similar groups and the lack of understanding of the younger generation in using social media. Keywords: education, multicultural, implementation Abstrak: Indonesia merupkan negara yang memiliki keragaman ras, budaya, agama dan etnis. Keberagaman tersebut juga dapat menyebabkan konflik jika tidak di kelola dengan baik. untuk mencegak terjadinya konflik tersebut dibutuhkan pendidikan multikultural. Pendidikan multikultural tidak disebutkan dengan jelas dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, tetapi Undang-Undang dalam Sistem Pendidikan Nasional mengarah pada pendidikan multikultural. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library reseach dengan cara menganalisis artikel-artikel tentang implementasi pendidikan multikultural dalam praktik yang disajikan secara rinci dalam tabel. Pengimplementasian mempunyai tiga aspek penting yaitu, perencanaan yang berupa kurikulum, pelaksanaan yang berupa metode pembelajaran dan evaluasi yang berupa iplikasi atau dampak dari terlaksananya kurikulum dan metode pembeljaran. Dalam pengimplementasian pendidikan multikultural juga mempunyai tantangan dan peluang. Tantangannya yaitu, ambigunya batasan toleransi, kecenderungan pembatasan pada kelompok homogen atau sejenis dan ketidak pahaman generasi muda dalam menggunakan media sosial.sedangkan peluangnya adalah pengembangan kesadaran antar budaya, dapat menciptakan pelajaran yang inklusif, meningkatkan empati dan kecakapan sosial, pemberdayaan individu. Kata kunci : pendidikan, multikultural, implementasi.
POTRET EKSTENSIF TUJUAN GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION (GCE) DI NORWEGIA
Authors: Khoerudin Muhamad , Sassi Komarudin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This research aims to provide an extensive portrait of the objectives of global citizenship education (GCE) in Norway, which is increasingly important amid globalization challenges. The background of this study highlights the need for individuals to be sensitive to global issues such as climate change, social inequality, and international conflicts. The method used in this research is literature study, involving the collection and analysis of various written sources, including academic journals, government reports, and relevant educational policy documents. The findings indicate that Norway has successfully integrated global values into its educational curriculum through an interdisciplinary approach. However, challenges such as insufficient teacher training, resource limitations, and the need to balance global values with local identities still need to be addressed to ensure the success of global citizenship education in the future. Keywords: Portrait, Global Citizenship Education, Globalization Challenges, Norwegia. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan potret ekstensif tujuan pendidikan kewarganegaraan global (PKG) di Norwegia, yang semakin penting di tengah tantangan globalisasi. Latar belakang penelitian ini menyoroti kebutuhan akan individu yang peka terhadap isu-isu global, seperti perubahan iklim, ketidaksetaraan sosial, dan konflik internasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur, dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis berbagai sumber tertulis, termasuk jurnal akademik, laporan pemerintah, dan dokumen kebijakan pendidikan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Norwegia telah berhasil mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai global ke dalam kurikulum pendidikannya melalui pendekatan lintas disiplin. Namun, tantangan seperti pelatihan guru yang masih kurang, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan perlunya keseimbangan antara nilai-nilai global dan identitas lokal masih perlu diatasi untuk memastikan keberhasilan pendidikan kewarganegaraan global di masa depan.Kata Kunci : Potret, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Global, , Tantangan Globalisasi, Norwegia.
Diálogo entre campo e cidade
Authors: Capaz Josieli Parteli , Muscardi Dalana Campos , Gerke Janinha
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tensiona a superioridade do conteúdo científico, presente em muitas escolas públicas regulares urbanas, em detrimento a outras formas de conhecimento. Para superar essa configuração, utilizamos o Plano de Estudos (PE), mediação didático-pedagógica da Pedagogia da Alternância, introduzindo a realidade vivida nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, produzindo processos formativos contextualizados, em especial no ensino de Biologia. De natureza quali-quantitativa, trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação com dados produzidos por observação, questionário e análise documental. Apontamos que o PE favorece a integração entre os saberes vivenciais e saberes curriculares, o reconhecimento do papel da ciência na interpretação da realidade e o desenvolvimento de processos formativos que se forjam nas relações de reciprocidade entre a escola e a família.
AUTOMATION OF REHABILITATION DEVICES: A CASE STUDY OF MOTORIZED SYSTEM FOR KINESIOTHERAPY
Authors: CHOLAKOV MIROSLAV , PARASKEVOV HRISTO ,   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the development and integration of an automated rehabilitation device for kinesiotherapy. By replacing the traditional mechanism, based on a shock absorber, with a screw mechanism and upgrading the traditional BLDC motor with a significantly more powerful one and integrating an Arduino- based control, the precision, efficiency and scope of tasks the device can do, have been significantly improved. Key components include an encoder, a Hall sensor and LCD for feedback. Patient data shows faster recovery times and increased therapy effectiveness. This paper compares the device’s functionality before and after modifications, showing its potential for widespread application in rehabilitation.
METHODOLOGICAL GUIDELINES FOR THE ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF STEM TRAINING
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shume, HARIZANOV KRASIMIR
Published: December 2024

This article examines some methodological guidelines related to the organization and implementation of STEM education in schools. Attention is paid to the preliminary preparation of the development of a STEM lesson and how to implement it in a learning environment. A model is proposed describing the sequence of actions in the development of a STEM lesson.
Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of Modification of the Terms of Authorisation of zinc-L-selenomethionine as a Feed Additive for All Animal Species (Zinpro Animal Nutrition (Europe), Inc.) (RP1823)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in November 2022 from Zinpro Animal Nutrition (Europe), Inc. (“the applicant”) for the modification to the authorisation of an additive consisting of zinc-L-selenomethionine, under the category of ‘nutritional additive’ and functional group ‘compounds of trace elements’ for its use in all animal species as source of selenium (Se) with a content of 4%.

Under its current authorisation (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/49) the additive is described as “Solid preparation of zinc-L-selenomethionine with a selenium content of 1-2 g/kg”. The applicant developed a new formula for the additive containing a minimum of 40 g Se/kg. Therefore, the modification to the current authorisation is sought and a wider specification for the Se content of 1-46 g/kg is requested.

EFSA’s FEEDAP Panel concluded that the newly proposed preparation of zinc-L-selenomethionine is considered safe for all animals, consumers and the environment. However, the Panel recommended adding to the current authorisation a new preparation of 40-46 g Se/kg as no characterisation data has been provided on the preparation range of 2-40 g Se/kg. The modification has no impact on efficacy according to the FEEDAP Panel.

The newly proposed preparation of the additive presents a risk by inhalation, but it is not irritant to skin or eyes. Conclusions could not be drawn on the potential to cause dermal sensitisation.

FSA/FSS has reviewed the applicant’s modification to the authorisation application, supporting documentation, and other regulators risk assessments, most notably the EFSA risk assessment opinion and considers that sufficient evidence has been demonstrated to conclude without the need for further questions or risk assessment.
Build Resilience Against Drugs for Good Health and Well-Being: Key Strategies to Break the Drug Abuse—Smuggling—Trafficking Dependency Cycle
Authors: Mazalan Amanda Balqis Mohd , Mustapha Siti Zulaikha , Ahmad Yarina , Aziz Nur Amalina , Ayob Nor Azira , Johari Nor Farizah
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this paper is to critically examine the essential tactics for ending the drug abuse—smuggling—trafficking dependency cycle that threatens national harmony and peace. Drugs are the number one enemy, and they continue to be the biggest obstacle to all governments worldwide. Despite many efforts, initiatives, and approaches undertaken to combat the issues, the complexity of drug-related problems is becoming more challenging due to the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the pandemic COVID-19, cross-border crime, demand and supply dynamics, and others.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this study comprises a critical review of secondary data to discuss the issues. The relevant secondary data, including journals, articles, books, reports, news, websites, and others were reviewed to discuss drug-related issues, resilience, and key strategies to build resilience against drugs.
 
Findings and Discussion: There are four (4) key strategies identified to build resilience against drug-related problems, which are comprised of: (1) strengthening policies and acts related to drugs; (2) enhancing inter-agency cooperation (policy implementation and enforcement); (3) educating and raising awareness of societies; and (4) empowering the community (enhancing community participation and engagement). The key strategies suggested will require the involvement and participation of the responsible parties, which begin with the policymaker, the change agent, and the target groups.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature on drug abuse—smuggling—trafficking and dependency by suggesting a continuous and sustained strategies and efforts to create a resilient population towards drug issues; good health and well-being. Thus, this will require the support of all stakeholders in the country to fight the war on drugs.