bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expandable porous organic frameworks with built-in amino and hydroxyl functions for CO2and CH4capture
Authors: Perego J. , Piga D. , Bracco S. , Sozzani P. , Comotti A.
Published: July 2018

Organic functions built on the node of a porous covalent architecture exhibit excellent affinity for CO2(54 kJ mol−1) and CH4(25 kJ mol−1): the interaction of CO2favorably with amine groups was observed by 2D NMR.
Binding and backbone dynamics of protein under topological constraint: calmodulin as a model system
Authors: Katyal Priya , Yang Yongkun , Fu You-Jun , Iandosca Jennifer , Vinogradova Olga , Lin Yao
Published: July 2018

Using calmodulin as a model system, we present the possible effect of topological constraint on protein backbone dynamics and binding thermodynamics.
A new water soluble copper N-heterocyclic carbene complex delivers mild O6G-selective RNA alkylation
Authors: Rasale Dnyaneshwar , Patil Kiran , Sauter Basilius , Geigle Stefanie , Zhanybekova Saule , Gillingham Dennis
Published: July 2018

A novel copper NHC complex enables mild compatible aqueous alkylation at the O6-G position of guanine.
A near-infrared heptamethine aminocyanine dye with a long-lived excited triplet state for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Jiao Long , Song Fengling , Cui Jingnan , Peng Xiaojun
Published: July 2018

A water-soluble near-infrared aminocyanine dye has been developed with a long triplet-state lifetime (τ = 9.16 μs in deaerated ethanol).
Real-time tracking of single-molecule collagenase on native collagen and partially structured collagen-mimic substrates
Authors: Froberg James , Choi Woo-Sik , Sedigh Abbas , Anajafi Tayebeh , Farmakes Jasmin , Yang Zhongyu , Mallik Sanku , Srivastava D. K. , Choi Yongki
Published: July 2018

Real-time imaging and tracking of proteolytic activities of individual enzymes with their native and structurally modified substrates has been investigated.
Synthesis of fused-ring aza-dipyrromethenes from aromatic nitriles
Authors: Mckeown George R. , Manion Joseph G. , Lough Alan J. , Seferos Dwight S.
Published: July 2018

Novel fused-ring aza-dipyrromethenes have been synthesized in a one-pot synthesis from readily-available aromatic nitriles.
Correlations of crystal shape and lateral orientation in bioinspired CaCO3mineralization
Authors: Liu Ming-Feng , Lu Zihao , Zhang Zhisen , Xiao Chuanlian , Li Ming , Huang Ya-Xi , Liu Xiang Yang , Jiang Yuan
Published: July 2018

Our study shows that in bioinspired mineralization, the crystal shape and lateral orientation are highly correlated instead of being independent.
Precise control of morphology of ultrafine LiMn2O4 nanorods as a supercapacitor electrode via a two-step hydrothermal method
Authors: Kumar Niraj , Guru Prasad K. , Maiyalagan T. , Sen Arijit
Published: July 2018

Ultrafine 1D LiMn2O4 and its promising galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles in KOH/K3Fe(CN)6 electrolyte.
Resonance signatures in the body-frame valence photoionization of CF4
Authors: Larsen K. A. , Trevisan C. S. , Lucchese R. R. , Heck S. , Iskandar W. , Champenois E. , Gatton A. , Moshammer R. , Strom R. , Severt T. , Jochim B. , Reedy D. , Weller M. , Landers A. L. , Williams J. B. , Ben-Itzhak I. , Dörner R. , Slaughter D. , McCurdy C. W. , Weber Th. , Rescigno T. N.
Published: July 2018

Photoionization of the 4t2 orbital of CF4 shows overlapping resonances close to threshold, leading to a striking inversion of the photoelectron angular distribution when viewed in the body-frame.
Correction: Improved fill factor in inverted planar perovskite solar cells with zirconium acetate as the hole-and-ion-blocking layer
Authors: Zhang Xuewen , Liang Chunjun , Sun Mengjie , Zhang Huimin , Ji Chao , Guo Zebang , Xu Yajun , Sun Fulin , Song Qi , He Zhiqun
Published: July 2018

Correction for ‘Improved fill factor in inverted planar perovskite solar cells with zirconium acetate as the hole-and-ion-blocking layer’ by Xuewen Zhang et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, 7395–7400.
Correction: Synthesis of barbituric acid containing nucleotides and their implications for the origin of primitive informational polymers
Authors: Mungi Chaitanya V. , Singh Sachin Kumar , Chugh Jeetender , Rajamani Sudha
Published: July 2018

Correction for ‘Synthesis of barbituric acid containing nucleotides and their implications for the origin of primitive informational polymers’ by Chaitanya V. Mungi et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 20144–20152.
Correction: Comprehensive insights into the charge dynamics process and excellent photoelectric properties of heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Liu Xiangyang , Wang Shun , Zheng Haiwu , Cheng Xiuying , Gu Yuzong
Published: July 2018

Correction for ‘Comprehensive insights into the charge dynamics process and excellent photoelectric properties of heterojunction solar cells’ by Xiangyang Liu et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 24299–24306.
Sea coral-like NiCo2O4@(Ni, Co)OOH heterojunctions for enhancing overall water-splitting
Authors: Tao Leiming , Li Man , Wu Shaohang , Wang Qinglong , Xiao Xin , Li Qingwei , Wang Mingkui , Fu YongQing , Shen Yan
Published: July 2018

Efficient and low-cost sea coral-like NiCo2O4@(Ni, Co)OOH heterojunction catalysts meet the high current density requirements for industrial water electrolysis applications.
A Mn13-cluster based coordination polymer as a co-catalyst of CdS for enhanced visible-light driven H2 evolution
Authors: Wen Tian , Zhang Lei , Schmitt Wolfgang
Published: July 2018

A Mn cluster-based polymer has been applied as a noble-metal-free co-catalyst of CdS, showing enhanced photocatalytic H2-production activity under visible light.
Heterometallic CuII/LnIII polymers active in the catalytic aerobic oxidation of cycloalkenes under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Cancino P. , Santibañez L. , Fuentealba P. , Olea C. , Vega A. , Spodine E.
Published: July 2018

Novel heterometallic 3d–4f inorganic polymers were studied as catalysts without an activator in solvent-free medium; the mechanism being demostrated by spectroscopy.
Palladium(ii) and platinum(ii) saccharinate complexes with bis(diphenylphosphino)methane/ethane: synthesis, S-phase arrest and ROS-mediated apoptosis in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Icsel Ceyda , Yilmaz Veysel T. , Aygun Muhittin , Cevatemre Buse , Alper Pinar , Ulukaya Engin
Published: July 2018

Highly cytotoxic Pd(ii)/Pt(ii) complexes of saccharin with diphosphines cause cell arrest at the S phase and the production of excessive ROS, damaging mitochondria and DNA.
On-water pyrrolidine-mediated domino synthesis of 2-iminoisatins
Authors: Pelliccia Sveva , Abbate Vincenzo , Meneghetti Fiorella , Frascione Nunzianda , Hider Robert Charles , Novellino Ettore , Tron Gian Cesare , Giustiniano Mariateresa
Published: July 2018

The on-water sonocatalysed reaction between 2-(sulfonylamino)-benzaldehydes, isocyanides, and pyrrolidine afforded, in a triple domino process, a green synthesis of 2-iminoisatins.
A self-sufficient pressure pump using latex balloons for microfluidic applications
Authors: Thurgood Peter , Zhu Jiu Yang , Nguyen Ngan , Nahavandi Saeid , Jex Aaron R. , Pirogova Elena , Baratchi Sara , Khoshmanesh Khashayar
Published: July 2018

Here, we demonstrate a self-sufficient, inexpensive and disposable pressure pump using commercially available latex balloons.
Tumor-adapting and tumor-remodeling AuNR@dendrimer-assembly nanohybrids overcome impermeable multidrug-resistant cancer
Authors: Li Yachao , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Zhijun , Wu Huayu , Xu Xianghui , Gu Zhongwei
Published: July 2018

Herein, smart Au nanorod@dendrimer-assembly nanohybrids (AuNR@DA NHs) were developed for adapting sequential biological barriers and remodeling tumor permeability, thereby achieving multimodal enhancement of penetration and internalization in multidrug-resistant poorly-permeable tumors.
Site-specific surface tailoring for metal ion selectivity via under-coordinated structure engineering
Authors: Yu Li , Zhang Gong , Liu Chunlei , Lan Huachun , Liu Huijuan , Qu Jiuhui
Published: July 2018

Engineering under-coordinated manganese simultaneously contributes to the exposure of hydroxylated edge sites and decreases the proportions of OVSs, enabling high-selectivity Pb(ii)-sequestration.
Polymer-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and toxicity for hyperthermia applications
Authors: Nam P. H. , Lu L. T. , Linh P. H. , Manh D. H. , Thanh Tam Le Thi , Phuc N. X. , Phong P. T. , Lee In-Ja
Published: July 2018

OA and OLA coated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles encapsulated with PMAO through hydrophobic interactions were developed for hyperthermia applications.
Fluorescence probes based on AIE luminogen: application for sensing Hg2+ in aqueous media and cellular imaging
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Jiajun , Ji Shaomin , Li Lujun , Qiu Zhipeng , Pan Chengqiang , Zhang Jianye , Huo Yanping
Published: July 2018

S1 and S2 could be applied for sensing Hg2+ in aqueous media and cellular imaging with remarkable AIEE.
High-yield synthesis and catalytic response of chainlike hybrid materials of the [(MoO3)m(2,2′-bipyridine)n] family
Authors: Bruno Sofia M. , Nogueira Lucie S. , Gomes Ana C. , Valente Anabela A. , Gonçalves Isabel S. , Pillinger Martyn
Published: July 2018

MoO3/2,2′-bipyridine hybrids have been prepared (hydro)thermally from [MoO3(2,2′-bipy)] and compared as catalysts in styrene oxide ethanolysis and olefin epoxidation.
The photophysicochemical behavior of symmetric and asymmetric zinc phthalocyanines, surface assembled onto gold nanotriangles
Authors: Dube Edith , Nwaji Njemuwa , Mack John , Nyokong Tebello
Published: July 2018

The synthesis of a novel asymmetric ZnPc, (4-(4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenoxy)-2,10,17-tris(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenoxy)phthalocyaninatol)zinc(ii), complex3, is reported.
Multiscale prediction of functional self-assembled materials using machine learning: high-performance surfactant molecules
Authors: Inokuchi Takuya , Li Na , Morohoshi Kei , Arai Noriyoshi
Published: July 2018

We determined whether multiscale data can be predicted using machine learning via a self-assembly functional material system.
Indium(iii) as π-acid catalyst for the electrophilic activation of carbon–carbon unsaturated systems
Authors: Pérez Sestelo José , Sarandeses Luis A. , Martínez M. Montserrat , Alonso-Marañón Lorena
Published: July 2018

This review focuses on indium(iii) as a π-acid for the activation of C–C unsaturated systems (alkynes, alkenes, and allenes) in organic synthesis.
One-pot synthesis of polyoxomolybdate anion intercalated layered double hydroxides and their application in ultra-deep desulfurization of fuels under mild conditions
Authors: Guo Yu , Fu Jiawei , Li Li , Li Xiaonan , Wang Haiyu , Ma Wenwen , Zhang Hong
Published: July 2018

1 mol sulfur-containing compounds can be directly oxidized by 2 mol oxidants into their corresponding sulfones.
Ultrathin layered MoS2 nanosheets with rich active sites for enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Abinaya R. , Archana J. , Harish S. , Navaneethan M. , Ponnusamy S. , Muthamizhchelvan C. , Shimomura M. , Hayakawa Y.
Published: July 2018

Edge-rich active sites of ultrathin layered molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) nanosheets were synthesized by a hydrothermal method.
Rosmarinic acid attenuates hepatic steatosis by modulating ER stress and autophagy in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells
Authors: Balachander Govindaraj Jayanthy , Subramanian Sorimuthupillai , Ilango Kaliappan
Published: July 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty acid disease (NAFLD) has become an emerging entity of liver disorders worldwide.
Catalytic conversion of CO2 into propylene carbonate in a continuous fixed bed reactor by immobilized ionic liquids
Authors: Guo Liying , Deng Lili , Jin Xianchao , Wang Yirong , Wang Haozhi
Published: July 2018

In this study, functionalized composite catalysts, namely, ILs (ILX/(ZnBr2)2), with functional groups immobilized on a molecular sieve (MCM-22) support were synthesized with the help of a silane coupling agent, 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES).
A first-principles study on divergent reactions of using a Sr3Fe2O7 cathode in both oxygen ion conducting and proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Tan Wenzhou , Huan Daoming , Yang Wenqiang , Shi Nai , Wang Wanhua , Peng Ranran , Wu Xiaojun , Lu Yalin
Published: July 2018

The different working mechanisms for one cathode performing in both O- and P-SOFCs on the atomic scale.
Adaptive responses of sterically confined intramolecular chalcogen bonds
Authors: Selvakumar Karuthapandi , Singh Harkesh B.
Published: July 2018

The existence of intramolecular chalcogen bonds (IChBs) in 2,6-disubstituted arylchalcogen derivatives is determined by the substituents and the sigma hole donor behavior of the chalcogen atom in the molecule.
Electric-field induced bistability in single-molecule conductance measurements for boron coordinated curcuminoid compounds
Authors: Olavarría-Contreras Ignacio José , Etcheverry-Berríos Alvaro , Qian Wenjie , Gutiérrez-Cerón Cristian , Campos-Olguín Aldo , Sañudo E. Carolina , Dulić Diana , Ruiz Eliseo , Aliaga-Alcalde Núria , Soler Monica , van der Zant Herre S. J.
Published: July 2018

Switching of conductance between conformers can be explained by the rotation of one methyl group.
3D printing of shape memory hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties
Authors: Shiblee MD Nahin Islam , Ahmed Kumkum , Khosla Ajit , Kawakami Masaru , Furukawa Hidemitsu
Published: July 2018

Highly robust and mechanically tunable 3D printable thermo-responsive hydrogels have been developed and characterized.
Hierarchical Fe2O3@CNF fabric decorated with MoS2 nanosheets as a robust anode for flexible lithium-ion batteries exhibiting ultrahigh areal capacity
Authors: Huang Xueyan , Cai Xin , Xu Donghui , Chen Wenyan , Wang Shuanjin , Zhou Wuyi , Meng Yuezhong , Fang Yueping , Yu Xiaoyuan
Published: July 2018

Hierarchical Fe2O3@CNF@MoS2 fabric film was fabricated as robust anode for flexible LIBs exhibiting ultrahigh areal capacity.
High-temperature tolerance of the piezoresistive effect in p-4H-SiC for harsh environment sensing
Authors: Nguyen Tuan-Khoa , Phan Hoang-Phuong , Dinh Toan , Md Foisal Abu Riduan , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Dao Dzung Viet
Published: July 2018

4H-silicon carbide based sensors are promising candidates for replacing prevalent silicon-based counterparts in harsh environments owing to their superior chemical inertness, high stability and reliability.
A frog cathelicidin peptide effectively promotes cutaneous wound healing in mice
Authors: Wu Jing , Yang Jun , Wang Xiaofang , Wei Lin , Mi Kai , Shen Yan , Liu Tong , Yang Hailong , Mu Lixian
Published: July 2018

Although cathelicidins in mammals have been well characterized, little is known about the function of cathelicidin in amphibians. In the present study, a novel 24-residue peptide (cathelicidin-NV, ARGKKECKDDRCRLLMKRGSFSYV) belonging to the cathelicidin family was identified from the skin of the plateau frog Nanorana ventripunctata. Cathelicidin-NV showed strong wound healing-promoting activity in a murine model with a full-thickness dermal wound. It directly enhanced the proliferation of keratinocyte cells, resulting in accelerated re-epithelialization of the wound site. Cathelicidin-NV also promoted the proliferation of fibroblasts, the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and collagen production in fibroblasts, which are implicated in wound contraction and repair processes. Furthermore, cathelicidin-NV promoted the release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β1 in vivo and in vitro, which are essential in the wound-healing processes such as migration, proliferation and differentiation. The MAPK (ERK, JNK and p38) signaling pathways were involved in the wound healing-promoting effect. Additionally, unlike other cathelicidins, cathelicidin-NV did not have any direct effect on microbes and showed no cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity toward mammalian cells at concentrations up to 200 µg/ml. This current study may facilitate the understanding of the cellular and molecular events that underlie quick wound healing in N. ventripunctata. In addition, the combination of these properties makes cathelicidin-NV an excellent candidate for skin wound therapeutics.
Structural and functional characterization of the RBBP4–ZNF827 interaction and its role in NuRD recruitment to telomeres
Authors: Yang Sile F. , Sun Ai-ai , Shi Yunyu , Li Fudong , Pickett Hilda A.
Published: July 2018

The nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase (NuRD) complex is an essential multi-subunit protein complex that regulates higher-order chromatin structure. Cancers that use the alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) pathway of telomere maintenance recruit NuRD to their telomeres. This interaction is mediated by the N-terminal domain of the zinc-finger protein ZNF827. NuRD–ZNF827 plays a vital role in the ALT pathway by creating a molecular platform for recombination-mediated repair. Disruption of NuRD binding results in loss of ALT cell viability. Here, we present the crystal structure of the NuRD subunit RBBP4 bound to the N-terminal 14 amino acids of ZNF827. RBBP4 forms a negatively charged channel that binds to ZNF827 through a network of electrostatic interactions. We identify the precise amino acids in RBBP4 required for this interaction and demonstrate that disruption of these residues prevents RBBP4 binding to both ZNF827 and telomeres, but is insufficient to decrease ALT activity. These data provide insights into the structural and functional determinants of NuRD activity at ALT telomeres.
Mode tracking method based on mode current density distribution matrix
Authors: He Qihong , Gong Ziping , Ke Hengyu
Published: July 2018

Mode tracking in a proper way is still a challenging task for characteristic mode analysis. A novel mode tracking method is proposed based on correlating mode current density distribution matrix. First, the mode current density distribution matrix corresponding to eigenvectors is calculated. Secondly, the proposed tracking method is performed by correlating the mode current density distribution matrix. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a planar Minkowski fractal structure and a complex three‐dimensional structure are analysed by the proposed tracking method and the commercial software FEKO, respectively. The results show that the proposed method works effectively.
Dual‐mode filter using ring resonator with non‐uniform linewidth
Authors: Sung Y.
Published: July 2018

A dual‐mode bandpass filter is proposed using a single ring resonator with non‐uniform linewidth. The proposed filter consists of a circular patch with a circular hole and two chip inductors loaded into the gap in the ring. The non‐uniform linewidth ring resonator can be realised by moving a circular hole in the circular patch. This asymmetric structure creates a pair of degenerate modes, and thus acts as a dual‐mode filter. Two inductors applied to the gap generate one transmission zero on each side of the passband, improving the skirt characteristics of the filter. In addition, a dual‐mode filter with the same characteristics is implemented by replacing the chip inductor with a meander line.
Low‐noise heterodyne detection of terahertz waves at room temperature using zero‐biased Fermi‐level managed barrier diode
Authors: Ito H. , Ishibashi T.
Published: July 2018

A Fermi‐level managed barrier (FMB) diode was used for the heterodyne detection of terahertz waves for the first time. A quasi‐optical module integrating an FMB diode and a broadband trans‐impedance amplifier exhibited an intermediate frequency bandwidth of 11 GHz. A very low noise‐equivalent‐power of 1.1 × 10−18 W/Hz was achieved at ∼300 GHz with a very low local oscillator power of 6 × 10−6 W.
Channel selection and power allocation for device‐to‐device enabled cellular networks
Authors: Gour Radhika , Tyagi Anshul
Published: July 2018

Cellular networks with device‐to‐device (D2D) communication capabilities offer increased spectrum utilisation and system throughput. However, these performance gains depend on the channel and power allocation strategy used. In this study, the authors have chosen underlay D2D as it is more advantageous in terms of spectrum efficiency, but introduces additional interferences. To cope up with these challenges, they propose new channel assignment and power allocation schemes with and without Quality of Service (QoS) constraint for D2D pairs. The authors' schemes allow multiple channels to be shared by each D2D pair without degrading the performance of the existing cellular system. First, they formulate the joint channel and power allocation problem without considering the QoS for D2D pairs which results in a non‐convex mixed‐integer non‐linear programming problem and cannot be solved in polynomial time. Then, the problem of channel and power allocation is reformulated and optimised, individually. Following this, they introduce QoS constraints for each D2D pair by specifying the minimum number of channels that should be allocated to each D2D pair during the assignment. The effectiveness of their scheme is verified through numerical results.
Cognitive wireless powered communication networks with secondary user selection and primary QoS constraint
Authors: Zhang Jinghua , Kundu Chinmoy , Nguyen Nam‐Phong , Garcia‐Palacios Emiliano , Quang Nguyen Sang
Published: July 2018

In this research, the authors investigate the outage probability (OP) of the secondary network in a cognitive wireless powered communication network. Energy‐constrained secondary users harvest energy from a hybrid access‐point (H‐AP) and the primary transmitter in the first phase. In the second phase, they select a secondary user based on two different schemes, namely the best uplink channel selection (UCS) and the minimal interference channel selection (MICS), to transfer information to the H‐AP. The secondary network can share the same spectrum with the primary network ensuring that a desired OP constraint in the primary network is always met. This constraint represents the quality‐of‐service (QoS) of the primary network. The analytical expressions and asymptotic expressions of the OP of the secondary network are derived. The result shows that increasing the number of secondary users can considerably improve system performance. The transmit power of the selected secondary user, energy harvesting time and relaxing the QoS constraint of the primary network have a significant impact on the OP of the secondary network. The results show that UCS outperforms MICS.
Influence of image classification accuracy on saliency map estimation
Authors: Oyama Taiki , Yamanaka Takao
Published: July 2018

Saliency map estimation in computer vision aims to estimate the locations where people gaze in images. Since people tend to look at objects in images, the parameters of the model pre‐trained on ImageNet for image classification are useful for the saliency map estimation. However, there is no research on the relationship between the image classification accuracy and the performance of the saliency map estimation. In this study, it is shown that there is a strong correlation between image classification accuracy and saliency map estimation accuracy. The authors also investigated the effective architecture based on multi‐scale images and the up‐sampling layers to refine the saliency‐map resolution. The model achieved the state‐of‐the‐art accuracy on the PASCAL‐S, OSIE, and MIT1003 datasets. In the MIT saliency benchmark, the model achieved the best performance in some metrics and competitive results in the other metrics.
Stellar masses, metallicity gradients, and suppressed star formation revealed in a new sample of absorption selected galaxies
Authors: Rhodin N. H. P. , Christensen L. , Møller P. , Zafar T. , Fynbo J. P. U.
Published: July 2018

Context. Absorbing galaxies are selected via the detection of characteristic absorption lines which their gas-rich media imprint in the spectra of distant light-beacons. The proximity of the typically faint foreground absorbing galaxies to bright background sources makes it challenging to robustly identify these in emission, and hence to characterise their relation to the general galaxy population.

Aims. We search for emission to confirm and characterise ten galaxies hosting damped, metal-rich quasar absorbers at redshift z < 1.

Methods. We identified the absorbing galaxies by matching spectroscopic absorption -and emission redshifts and from projected separations. Combining emission-line diagnostics with existing absorption spectroscopy and photometry of quasar-fields hosting metal-rich, damped absorbers, we compare our new detections with reference samples and place them on scaling relations.

Results. We spectroscopically confirm seven galaxies harbouring damped absorbers (a 70% success-rate). Our results conform to the emerging picture that neutral gas on scales of tens of kpc in galaxies is what causes the characteristic H I absorption. Our key results are: (I) Absorbing galaxies with log10[M⋆,(M⊙)] ≳ 10 have star formation rates that are lower than predicted for the main sequence of star formation. (II) The distribution of impact parameter with H I column density and with absorption-metallicity for absorbing galaxies at z ∼ 2–3 extends to z ∼ 0.7 and to lower H I column densities. (III) A robust mean metallicity gradient of ⟨Γ⟩ = −0.022 ± 0.001 dex kpc−1. (IV) By correcting absorption metallicities for ⟨Γ⟩ and imposing a truncation-radius at 12 kpc, absorbing galaxies fall on top of predicted mass-metallicity relations, with a statistically significant decrease in scatter.
XMM-Newton detection of the 2.1 ms coherent pulsations from IGR J17379–3747
Authors: Sanna A. , Bozzo E. , Papitto A. , Riggio A. , Ferrigno C. , Di Salvo T. , Iaria R. , Mazzola S. M. , D’Amico N. , Burderi L.
Published: July 2018

We report the detection of X-ray pulsations at 2.1 ms from the known X-ray burster IGR J17379–3747 using XMM-Newton. The coherent signal shows a clear Doppler modulation from which we estimate an orbital period of ~1.9 h and a projected semi-major axis of ~8 lt-ms. Taking into account the lack of eclipses (inclination angle of <75°) and assuming a neutron star mass of 1.4 M⊙, we have estimated a minimum companion star of ~0.06 M⊙. Considerations on the probability distribution of the binary inclination angle make the hypothesis of a main-sequence companion star less likely. On the other hand, the close correspondence with the orbital parameters of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4–3658 suggests the presence of a bloated brown dwarf. The energy spectrum of the source is well described by a soft disk black-body component (kT ~ 0.45 keV) plus a Comptonisation spectrum with photon index ~1.9. No sign of emission lines or reflection components are significantly detected. Finally, combining the source ephemerides estimated from the observed outbursts, we obtained a first constraint on the long-term orbital evolution of the order of Ṗorb = (−2.5 ± 2.3) × 10−12 s s−1.
Thermonuclear explosions of rapidly differentially rotating white dwarfs: Candidates for superluminous Type Ia supernovae?
Authors: Fink M. , Kromer M. , Hillebrandt W. , Röpke F.K. , Pakmor R. , Seitenzahl I.R. , Sim S.A.
Published: July 2018

The observed sub-class of “superluminous” Type Ia supernovae lacks a convincing theoretical explanation. If the emission of such objects were powered exclusively by radioactive decay of 56Ni formed in the explosion, a progenitor mass close to or even above the Chandrasekhar limit for a non-rotating white dwarf star would be required. Masses significantly exceeding this limit can be supported by differential rotation. We, therefore, explore explosions and predict observables for various scenarios resulting from differentially rotating carbon–oxygen white dwarfs close to their respective limit of stability. Specifically, we have investigated a prompt detonation model, detonations following an initial deflagration phase (“delayed detonation” models), and a pure deflagration model. In postprocessing steps, we performed nucleosynthesis and three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations, that allow us, for the first time, to consistently derive synthetic observables from our models. We find that all explosion scenarios involving detonations produce very bright events. The observables predicted for them, however, are inconsistent with any known subclass of Type Ia supernovae. Pure deflagrations resemble 2002cx-like supernovae and may contribute to this class. We discuss implications of our findings for the explosion mechanism and for the existence of differentially rotating white dwarfs as supernova progenitors.
High-velocity hot CO emission close to Sgr A*
Authors: Goicoechea J. R. , Santa-Maria M. G. , Teyssier D. , Cernicharo J. , Gerin M. , Pety J.
Published: July 2018

The properties of molecular gas, the fuel that forms stars, inside the cavity of the circumnuclear disk (CND) are not well constrained. We present results of a velocity-resolved submillimeter scan (~480–1250 GHz) and [C II] 158 μm line observations carried out with Herschel/HIFI toward Sgr A*; these results are complemented by a ~2′ × 2′ 12CO (J = 3−2) map taken with the IRAM 30 m telescope at ~7″ resolution. We report the presence of high positive-velocity emission (up to about +300 km s−1) detected in the wings of 12CO J = 5−4 to 10−9 lines. This wing component is also seen in H2O (11,0−10,1), a tracer of hot molecular gas; in [C II]158 μm, an unambiguous tracer of UV radiation; but not in [C I] 492, 806 GHz. This first measurement of the high-velocity 12CO rotational ladder toward Sgr A* adds more evidence that hot molecular gas exists inside the cavity of the CND, relatively close to the supermassive black hole (<1 pc). Observed by ALMA, this velocity range appears as a collection of 12CO (J = 3−2) cloudlets lying in a very harsh environment that is pervaded by intense UV radiation fields, shocks, and affected by strong gravitational shears. We constrain the physical conditions of the high positive-velocity CO gas component by comparing with non-LTE excitation and radiative transfer models. We infer Tk ≃ 400 K–2000 K for nH ≃ (0.2−1.0) × 105 cm−3. These results point toward the important role of stellar UV radiation, but we show that radiative heating alone cannot explain the excitation of this ~10−60 M⊙ component of hot molecular gas inside the central cavity. Instead, strongly irradiated shocks are promising candidates.
Cannabinoid-Verordnungen in der Praxis
Authors: Kuhlen Isabel
Published: July 2018

Seit März 2017 kann der Wirkstoff Cannabis unter gesetzlich festgelegten Voraussetzungen verordnet werden. Allerdings ist die Verordnung genehmigungspflichtig durch die GKV. In der Praxis bestehen häufig noch Unsicherheiten, nicht alle Anträge werden genehmigt oder die Genehmigung wird zeitlich befristet, was nach einem aktuellen Eilverfahren nicht mehr zulässig ist. Der Artikel erläutert die gesetzlichen Grundlagen, die Voraussetzungen für die Verordnungsfähigkeit von Cannabinoiden, was bei der Antragstellung zu beachten ist und welche Fristen vonseiten der GKV für die Genehmigung gelten.
Auswirkungen der Versteifung des Zeige- bzw. Mittelfingerendgelenkes auf Hand- und Fingerkraft sowie auf die
Druckverteilung
Authors: Mühldorfer-Fodor Marion , Reger Angela , Pillukat Thomas , Mittlmeier Thomas , van Schoonhoven Jörg , Prommersberger Karl-Josef
Published: July 2018

Hintergrund Durch die funktionelle Kopplung der Fingergelenke untereinander und den Quadrigaeffekt des Flexor digitorum profundus ist ein verändertes
Greifmuster und damit auch eine veränderte Kraftverteilung der Hand nach Endgelenksversteifung zu vermuten.

Patienten und Methoden Zehn Patienten mit isolierter Endgelenksversteifung des Zeige-(DIP II, n = 2) oder Mittelfingers (DIP III, n = 8) bei
posttraumatischer Arthrose und ohne sonstige pathologische Veränderung beider Hände wurden durchschnittlich 55 (17–121) Monate postoperativ mittels Manugraphie
untersucht. Auf Röntgenaufnahmen des betroffenen Strahls wurde die knöcherne Durchbauung der Arthrodese bestätigt und der Arthrodesenwinkel gemessen. Die
Gesamtkraft und Kraftverteilung der Hand sowie die Kraft jedes Fingers als auch die Kraftverteilung auf die einzelnen Fingerglieder wurden mittels drei
Zylindergrößen bestimmt. Die Kraftverteilung wurde anhand 2D-Graphiken analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der betroffenen Seite wurden mit der gesunden Gegenseite
verglichen. Die Schmerzangaben der Patienten wurden anhand einer visuellen Schmerzskala erfasst.

Ergebnisse Bei den zehn Patienten betrug die durchschnittliche Kraft der betroffenen Hand im Vergleich zur gesunden Gegenseite 93 % beim kleinen, 97 %
beim mittleren und 96 % beim großen Zylinder. Die beiden Patienten mit Arthrodese des DIP II sparten den Zeigefingerstrahl beim Greifen deutlich aus und hatten
eine relativ schwache Gesamtkraft (68/62/68 % für die drei genannten Zylinder). Das Greifmuster aller Finger war verändert.

Die acht Patienten mit Versteifung des DIP III erreichten 99/106/103 % Gesamtkraft der Gegenseite. Beim mittleren Zylinder lag sogar die Gesamtkraft von 6 dieser
8 Patienten bei über 100 %. Hinsichtlich der Kraftverteilung zeigte sich eine reduzierte Kraft von Mittel- und Ringfinger und eine größere Kraft an Zeige- und
Kleinfinger. Fünf der 8 Patienten zeigten eine pathologische Lastverteilung innerhalb des Mittelfingers mit auffälliger Druckspitze im versteiften
Endgelenksbereich.

Die Arthrodesenwinkel betrugen bei allen zehn Patienten durchschnittlich 6° (0–21°). Schmerzen wurden durchschnittlich mit 1,4 (0–5) in Ruhe und mit 2 (0–8) bei
Belastung angegeben. Ein Einfluss dieser beiden Faktoren auf die Gesamtkraft oder die Kraftverteilung war nicht zu erkennen.

Schlussfolgerung Bei einer Endgelenksarthrodese des Mittelfingers ist die Kraft des betroffenen Strahls reduziert, hinsichtlich der Gesamtkraft wird diese
aber durch eine Adaptation des Zeigefingers, z. T. auch des Kleinfingers weitgehend ausgeglichen. Eine Arthrodese des Zeigefingerendgelenks scheint deutlich
mehr Einfluss auf die Griffkraft und die Kraftverteilung der Hand zu haben, allerdings vermutlich eher durch ein reaktives Aussparen des Zeigefingers als durch
einen rein biomechanischen Effekt.
An Effective Heterogeneous Copper Catalyst System for C–N
Coupling and Its Application in the Preparation of
2-Methyl-4-methoxydiphenylamine (MMDPA)
Authors: Huang Manna , Yi Zhou , Wan Yiqian , Zhu Xinhai
Published: July 2018

A ligand-recyclable, environmentally benign heterogeneous catalyst system composed of CuI and polystyrene-supported N(-(4-(aminomethyl)naphthalen-1-yl)-N(-phenyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide (PSAP) has been established for Ullmann type C–N coupling based on the homogeneous catalyst system N′,N′-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide/CuI. This heterogeneous catalyst system maintained the catalytic effectiveness of the homogeneous catalyst. A variety of functionalized aryl bromides can be efficiently aminated with aryl amines and aliphatic amines with high selectivity for amines over alcohols. Moreover, a practical application of this catalyst system to promote the reaction of commercially available 4-methoxy-2-methylaniline and bromobenzene in 10 mmol scale, provided 2-methyl-4-methoxydiphenylamine (MMDPA) with 93% yield with the merit of the approach being simple operation for work-up and purification.
Influence of a Concentrated Ethylester Compound of n-3 Fatty Acids on Lipids, Platelets and Coagulation in Patients Undergoing Coronary Bypass Surgery
Authors: Nilsen D W T , Dalaker K , Nordøy A , Østerud B , Ingebretsen O C , Lyngmo V , Almdahl S , Vaage J , Rasmussen K
Published: July 2018

Twenty patients accepted for coronary bypass surgery were randomized to receive either a concentrated ethylester compound of n-3 fatty acids, with a daily dose of 3.15 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 1.89 g of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or corn oil (controls) in a double blind study, to evaluate the effect on lipids, platelets and coagulation during the pre- and postoperative phase.

Only patients with fasting triglyceride (TG) levels ≥1.6 mmol/1 at recruitment were eligible. The study was continued for 5 to 6 months. Surgery was usually performed at mid-intervention. Blood samples were collected during morning hours in fasting subjects, just prior to intervention, preoperatively and at final postoperative follow-up. Moreover, blood loss was accurately accounted for postoperatively.

A threefold increase (p = 0.0001) of EPA was noted at pre-and postoperative follow-up. TG-levels were reduced 20 and 39%, respectively, in patients on n-3 fatty acids, reaching statistical significance at end of intervention (p = 0.034). TG-levels in controls remained largely unchanged. In patients on n-3 fatty acids, there was a statistically significant increase in serum total cholesterol preoperatively, but this change was no longer present at completion of the study.

No significant changes were noted in platelet function, as judged by bleeding time, collagen induced platelet aggregation and release of TxB2 during aggregation. Parameters of extrinsic coagulation, including phospholipase C-sensitive factor VII (PLC-VII) and extrinsic pathway inhibitor (EPI), also remained essentially unchanged in both groups of patients. However, fibrinogen was significantly reduced in controls (p <0.05) at end of intervention. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was noted between PLC-VII and TG (r = 0.77, p = 0.0001).

No significant difference in postoperative bleeding was noted between the two groups of patients.
A Kinetic Model of the Circulatory Regulation of Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Chandler Wayne L
Published: July 2018

A computer simulation was developed to study the regulation of active tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in plasma by kinetically modeling t-PA secretion, t-PA inhibition by plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), and hepatic clearance of t-PA, PAI-1 and t-PA/PAI-1 complex throughout a simplified human circulatory system. The model indicates that as the active PAI-1 concentration increases, the percent of t-PA in the active form decreases exponentially. Further, the reaction between t-PA and PAI-1 substantially reduces the half-lives of both active factors. By adjusting the t-PA and PAI-1 secretion rates to provide the best fit between simulated and measured circadian variations in t-PA, PAI-1 and complex, the model predicts that the diurnal rhythm in active t-PA levels is principally due to changes in the rate of PAI-1 secretion and not to variations in the t-PA secretion rate. In conclusion, the model predicts that PAI-1 is an important regulator of the concentration, half-life and circadian variation of active t-PA.
On the Role of Calcium in the Acute Release of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and von Willebrand Factor from the Rat Perfused Hindleg Region
Authors: Tranquille N , Emeis J J
Published: July 2018

The involvement of calcium in the release of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) from vascular endothelial cells was studied ex vivo using a rat hindleg perfusion system. By adding either platelet-activating factor or bradykinin to the perfusing Tyrode solution, a rapid release of t-PA and vWF was induced. Extracellular calcium was required for the acute release of both glycoproteins as this release was totally abolished in the presence of EGTA. The calcium ionophore A-23187 induced (Ca-dependently) the release of both proteins, suggesting that Ca-influx was also sufficient to induce release. The absence of an effect of the calcium L-type channel blockers, verapamil and diltiazem, and of the calcium channel agonist BAY K-8644, suggested that endothelial voltage-operated calcium channels were not involved in release. Trifluoperazine, a calmodulin antagonist, significantly inhibited the induced release of t-PA and vWF, while the "intracellular calcium antagonist" TMB-8 had no effect. Lanthanum chloride (200 εM) inhibited the induced release of t-PA but not that of vWF. Our results suggest that Ca2+ influx is essential for the release of t-PA and vWF from the perfused rat hindleg.
Effects of Poloxamer 188 on the Assembly, Structure and Dissolution of Fibrin Clots
Authors: Carr Marcus E , Powers P L , Jones Marsha R
Published: July 2018

Poloxamer 188, N.F. (RheothRx®), a nonionic block copolymer composed of 2 hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chains connected by a hydrophobic polyoxypropylene chain, normalizes the viscosity of whole blood high in soluble fibrin(ogen) complexes. Normalization may be via a poloxamer 188-induced decrease in fibrin(ogen)-red cell interaction. Our study examined the influences of poloxamer 188 on fibrin assembly and structure. Studies were performed in both purified and plasma systems with a poloxamer 188 concentration range of 0.1-20 mg/ml and specific clotting conditions (fibrinogen 1 mg/ml, thrombin 1 NIH u/ml, pH 7.4 [Tris 0.05 M], ionic strength 0.15 and calcium 5 mM). Fibrin assembly was accelerated in the presence of poloxamer 188. As poloxamer 188 concentration was increased from 0 to 8 mg/ml in plasma: a) the lag phase prior to initial turbidity rise decreased from 25 to <5 s; b) the final gel optical density (OD) increased from 0.65 to 1.28 and c) fiber size (mass/length ratio [ε]) increased from 4.3 to 12.6 × 1013 daltons/cm. Similar results were seen in the purified system with a poloxamer 188 concentration range of 0-8 mg/ml. OD increased from 0.26 to 0.51, and ε increased from 2.3 to 5.3 × 1013 daltons/cm. Above 8 mg/ml, precipitation of fibrinogen was noted in this system. Since large fibrin fibers tend to be degraded more rapidly, possible poloxamer mediated enhancement of r-tPA-mediated clot lysis was investigated. With r-tPA (70 lu/ml) present at the time of clotting, clot lysis in the presence of ploxamer 188 (8 mg/ml) was 50% complete at 1,600 s compared to 2,540 s for the control. Thus, poloxamer 188-induced alterations in fibrin structure and fibrin-cell interactions may explain some of this agent's interesting hemorrheologic and antithrombotic properties.
The Interaction of Fibronectin (fn) with Native, Polymeric Collagen (Collagen Fibres): Comparison with von Willebrand Factor (vWf)-Binding by Collagen
Authors: Cockburn C G , Fitzsimmons C M , Barnes M J
Published: July 2018

The binding of fn to collagen (type I) fibres has been found to resemble that of vWf in the following respects: 1. Binding is rapid, specific, saturable, similar at 4 and 37°C, and reduced by increasing ionic strength.

2. Binding is not inhibited by native, monomeric collagen, suggesting a multivalent mechanism of interaction.

3. Binding of fn occurs to a variety of collagen fragments (after their renaturation and polymerization), including, for example, the collagenase-derived TCA and TCB 3A and lA molecular fragments and the peptides al(I)CB3, 6b, 7 and 8 obtained by cleavage with cyanogen bromide (CB), suggesting a wide distribution of binding sites on the native collagen molecule.

4. As judged by the effect of heat-treatment, the native conformation of fn is required.

5. Chemical modification indicates the involvement of arginyl residues in collagen and carboxyl groups in fn. However, fn and vWf did not compete with one another in binding to collagen, suggesting the participation of different collagen
arginyl residues in the two interactions.

Fn-binding differed from that of vWf in that the former was inhibited by denatured rnonomeric collagen (gelatin). Fn-binding was also inhibited by the fragment TCA in denatured form. The inhibitory activity was lost after chemical modification of arginyl residues in gelatin. Our results suggest that fn binding to collagen fibres and gelatin involves the same widely-distributed spectrum of binding sites.
Immunoreactivity of Tissue Plasminogen Activator and of Its Inhibitor Complexes
Authors: Rånby M , Nguyen G , Scarabin P Y , Samama M
Published: July 2018

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on goat polyclonal antibodies against human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was evaluated. The relative immunoreactivity of tPA in free form and tPA in complex with inhibitors was estimated by ELISA and found to be 100, 74, 94, 92 and 8l% for free tPA and tPA in complex with PAI-1, PAI-2, α2-antiplasmin and C1-inhibitor, respectively. Addition of tPA to PAI-1 rich plasma resulted in rapid and total loss of tPA activity without detectable loss of ELISA response, indicating an immunoreactivity of tPA in tPA/PAI-1 complex of about l00%. Three different treatments of citrated plasma samples (acidification/reneutralization, addition of 5 mM EDTA or of 0.5 M lysine) prior to determination by ELISA all resulted in increased tPA levels. The fact that the increase was equally large in all three cases along with good analytical recovery of tPA added to plasffi, supported the notion that all tPA antigen present in plasma samples is measured by the ELISA. Analysis by ELISA of fractions obtained by gel filtration of plasma from a patient undergoing tPA treatment identified tPA/inhibitor complexes and free tPA but no low molecular weight degradation products of tPA. Determinations of tPA antigen were made at seven French clinical laboratories on coded and randomized plasma samples with known tPA antigen content. For undiluted samples there was no significant difference between the tPA levels found and those known to be present. The between-assay coefficient of variation was 7 to 10%. In conclusion, the ELISA appeared suited for determination of total tPA antigen in human plasma samples.
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1: A New Prognostic Marker in Septic Shock
Authors: Pralong Gerard , Calandra Thierry , Glausef Michel-P , Schellekens Joop , Verhoef Jan , Bachmann Fedor , Kruithof Egbert K O
Published: July 2018

The prognostic value of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in septic shock was investigated in 52 patients with septic shock. The patients had significantly elevated serum PAI-1 levels with respect to the control group (p = 0.002). In patients not having a rapidly fatal underlying disease, PAI-1 was significantly higher in patients dying within a week after onset of shock than in survivors (median PAI-1: 900 and 307 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.001). The analysis of the distribution of PAI-1 levels permitted retrospectively to determine a threshold level of PAI-1 which had prognostic significance. Mortality was 71% in patients with serum PAI-1 above 550 ng/ml, whereas only two patients (6%) having a PAI-1 below 550 ng/ml died within a week.

Thus, in patients with septic shock, PAI-1 appears to have a strong predictive value as to mortality. This early marker may help the clinician in identifying a subgroup of patients particularly at risk.
Types 1 and 2 Plasminogen Activator lnhibitor and Tirmor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Fatients with Sepsis
Authors: Páramo J A , Pérez J L , Serrano M , Rochal E
Published: July 2018

We have determined the plasma concentrations of types 1 and 2 of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1 and PAI-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and endotoxin in 47 patients with bacterial infection (22 patients presented with positive blood cultures). Results were compared with those observed in 30 healthy subjects. There was a significant increase in PAI-1 and TNF-α in patients as compared to controls (p <0.0001), whereas no differences for PAI-2 were observed. PAI-1 and TNF-α were significantly higher in 18 patients with gram-negative bacteremia as compared to all other patients (p <0.0001). However, no correlation between the analyzed parameters and either endotoxin or clinical outcome was observed. We conclude that there is an increase of PAI-1 and TNF-α in patients with sepsis, which is not related to the endotoxin concentration. Our results suggest that PAI-1, but not PAI-2, is the main plasminogen activator inhibitor in human sepsis.