bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTS. SOSIOLOGI PERUBAHAN SOSIOL
Authors: oruw Lamek
Published: October 2022

Masyarakat senantiasa berubah, dan perubahan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat merupakan hal yang wajar dan tidak dapat dihindari, walaupun perubahan pada masyarakat yang satu akan berbeda dengan perubahan pada masyarakat yang lain. Demikian halnya dengan proses modernisasi. Modernisasi pada masyarakat tertentu akan berbeda dengan masyarakat yang lain baik dari prosesnya maupun pada penerimaannya, tergantung dari kebutuhan dan keinginan dari masyarakatnya.
Consequences of Affective Polarization: Avoidance, Intolerance and Support for Violence in the UK & Norway
Authors: Berntzen Lars Erik , Kelsall Haylee , Harteveld Eelco
Published: October 2022

Affective polarization—that is, antipathy towards political opponents—sits high on the academic and political agenda. This is because it is thought to have a multitude of damaging consequences, both for how citizens view and approach each other and for how they relate to the political system. This study investigates some of the most mentioned and disconcerting possible inter-citizen consequences of affective polarization at the individual level. Zooming in on Europe, it sheds light on the substantive relationship between partisan antipathy and three kinds of norm-breaking escalation in the form of avoidance, intolerance, and support for violence against outparty supporters. Methodologically, it unpacks the affective component of polarization, testing to what extent the traditional feeling thermometer performs as predictor of these three potential outcomes. It then tests alternative expectations of the antecedents of such escalation derived from the intergroup emotions literature and the study of political radicalization. This is done using a broad range of both established and de novo survey items fielded in nationally representative panels between May and November 2020 in two contexts that score relatively low (Norway) and high (UK) on affective polarization. They reveal that avoidance, intolerance and support for political violence can be validly measured, and are manifest, in these two European countries, but that they are only weakly correlated to mere dislike of the outgroup. Instead, more severe forms of norm-breaking escalation depend on the specific nature of the discrete emotions induced beyond dislike (anger, fear, or disgust) and are rooted in factors such as relative deprivation, Manicheanism, and dark personality traits (psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism). We discuss the implications for the way polarization is theorized and measured.
Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Watupongoh Injilia Lidya
Published: October 2022

Perubahan Sosial adalah perubahan yang terjadi pada struktur kemasyarakatan yang mempengaruhi sistem sosial yaitu nilai, norma, dan tingkah laku. Perubahan struktur kemasyarakatan itu akan mempengaruhi perubahan fungsi dan peran-peran masyarakat. Ketika struktur masyarakat berubah, maka fungsi dan peran, pola pikir dan pola sikap masyarakat pun akan berubah.
Modeling of the storm-induced coastal dynamics of Binanga Bay with a new bed-load transport formula and a numerical sediment morphodynamic model
Authors: Rivera Paul C.
Published: October 2022

The western coast of the Philippines including Binanga Bay are suitable for eco-tourism development. To determine the vulnerability of the study site to coastal engineering hazards including storm surges, tides, waves, currents, sediment transport and sediment erosion/accretion, a suite of coastal engineering models was implemented. Binanga Bay is a small semi-enclosed bay which could partially block the propagation of storm surges and swells, with a corresponding strong frictional dissipation in its relatively shallow water depths. Using the numerical models, the predicted storm surge in the area may range from 1-2 m with higher surges in the shallow areas east of the bay. The currents during storms range from 0.1-1 m/s while surface waves are predicted to reach 5m.Concerning suspended sediment transport, the predicted increase in the concentration of suspended sediments varies depending on the wind conditions in the area. However, the predicted increase in the total suspended solid concentrations will be temporary and will last during the passage of the typhoon. Finally, the sediment morphodynamics model predicts sediment erosion that range from 0.5 - 2 cm west of the bay. A minimal localized accretion of about 1-1.0 cm is shown by the model to occur in areas north and south of the bay. The projected sediment accretion and erosion patterns within the bay are not very high. It is projected that the sediment accretion and erosion patterns will be larger during the passage of super-typhoons.
Interactive Effects of Mindfulness and Negative Urgency on Intimate Partner Aggression Perpetration
Authors: Brown Wyatt Thomas , Martelli Alexandra , Chester David
Published: October 2022

IIntimate partner aggression (IPA) is a costly and incompletely understood phenomenon. Negative urgency, the tendency to act impulsively in response to negative affect, is predictive of IPA perpetration. Mindfulness, by virtue of its emphasis on non-reactivity to negative affect, is an opposing force to urgent tendencies that may mitigate the negative urgency-IPA link. Yet, no research to date investigates the interactive effects of negative urgency and mindfulness on IPA perpetration. Two studies were conducted that measured and manipulated multiple facets of mindfulness alongside measures of negative urgency and tendencies of IPA perpetration (combined N = 508 undergraduate students in monogamous intimate relationships). Counter to our preregistered predictions, we found that negative urgency’s association with greater IPA perpetration increased at higher levels of mindfulness. These findings suggest that mindfulness may not be a protective factor against IPA perpetration for individuals higher in negative urgency, but rather may serve as a risk factor.
Differential expression of HIF3A in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of HIF3A, encoding hypoxia inducible factor 3 alpha subunit, in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. HIF3A was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. HIF3A transcript was present at significantly lower levels in ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Konsep Sosiologi Postmodern
Authors: Pesik Anggreiny Veronika
Published: October 2022

Postmodern merupakan kondisi ketidakpercaya sosial atas metanarasi yang diartikan sebagai sebuah cerita atau teori dari keseluruhan sejarah dengan tujuan manusia yang menjadikan dasar dari pengabsahan pengetahuan dan juga praktik budaya. Postmodern ini mengacu dengan ide-ide yang mendasar dengan ingin mengurangi kekaguman dan juga memberi kritikan terhadap suatu ilmu pengetahuan.
Perubahan Sosial Tentang Modernisasi dan Perubahan Sosial, Globalisasi dan Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Bagit Juanito
Published: October 2022

Seperti kita ketahui Pada dasarnya semua bangsa dan masyarakat di dunia ini senantiasa terlibat dalam proses modernisasi, meskipun kecepatan dan arah perubahannya berbeda-beda antara masyarakat yang satu dengan masyarakat yang lain. Proses modernisasi itu sangat luas, hampirhampir tidak bisa dibatasi ruang lingkup dan masalahnya, mulai dari aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya, politik, dan seterusnya. Dan Globalisasi setiap masyarakat manusia selama hidup pasti mengalami perubahan-perubahan. Perubahan mana dapat berubah perubahan yang tidak menarik dalam arti kurang mencolok.
Fungsi dan Peranan Lembaga Bank dan Non Bank
Authors: Arief A. Anggie Zabrina
Published: October 2022

Pengertian bank menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perbankan, Bank adalah badan usaha yang menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk simpanan dan menyalurkannya kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk kredit dan atau bentuk-bentuk lainnya dalam rangka meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat banyak.
Seasonally-decomposed Sentinel-1 backscatter time-series are useful indicators of peatland wildfire vulnerability
Authors: Millard Koreen , Darling Samantha , Pelletier Nicolas , Schultz Samantha
Published: October 2022

Peatlands throughout the boreal forest are expected to experience changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration and temperature due to climate change. Correspondingly, changes in hydrologic regimes could lead to increased drought and occurrence of wildfire. Fire management agencies require information about near-real time wildfire vulnerability in boreal peatlands. Remote sensing tools (e.g., NDVI, NDII) to monitor changing wildfire vulnerability focus on monitoring changes in vascular vegetation and are not necessarily applicable to moss-dominated peatlands. We use time series analysis of Sentinel-1 SAR backscatter data to compare the trends in peatlands that have burned to unburned peatlands and show that the Theil-Sen slopes of seasonally decomposed SAR backscatter reflects prolonged drought conditions that can lead to burning. Seasonally decomposed Sentinel-2 NDVI and NDII were also tested but no statistical differences were found between burned and unburned peatlands. Overall, we found that 6 months prior to a wildfire the slope of seasonally decomposed Sentinel-1 VV SAR backscatter was significantly different in burned and unburned peatlands, and can be used to spatially identify fire vulnerability and identify fire-prone areas.
SHALLOW COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE UPPER PART OF THE EXHUMED SAN GABRIEL FAULT, CALIFORNIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR FAULT PROCESSES AND SEISIMIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Crouch Kaitlyn , Evans James , JANECKE SUSANNE
Published: October 2022

Quantifying shallow fault zone structure and characteristics is critical for accurately modeling the complex mechanical behavior of earthquakes as energy moves within faults from depth. We examine macro- to microstructures, mineralogy, and properties from drill core analyses of fault-related rocks in the steeply plunging ALT-B2 geotechnical borehole (total depth of 493 m) across the San Gabriel Fault zone, California. We use macroscopic drill core and outcrop-sample analyses, core-based damage estimates, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction mineralogic analyses to determine the fault zone structure, deformation mechanisms, and alteration patterns of exhumed deformed rocks formed in a section of the fault that slipped 5-12 million years ago, with evidence for some Quaternary slip. The fault consists of two principal slip zones composed of cohesive cataclasite, ultracataclasite, and intact clay, highly foliated gouge within upper and lower damage zones ~60 m and 50 m thick. The upper ~6.5 m thick principal slip zone separates Mendenhall Gneiss and Josephine Granodiorite, and a lower 11 m thick principal slip is enclosed within the Josephine Granodiorite. Microstructures record overprinted brittle fractures, cohesive cataclasites, veins, sheared clay-rich rocks, and folded foliated and carbonate-rich horizons in the damage zones. Carbonate veins are common in the lower fault zone, and alteration and mineralization assemblages consist of clays, epidote, calcite, zeolites, and chloritic minerals. These data show that shallow portions of the fault experienced fluid-rock interactions that led to alteration, mineralization, and brittle and semi-brittle deformation that led to the formation of damage zones and narrow principal slip zones that are continuous down-dip and along strike.
Energy and Momentum of a Density-Driven Overflow in the Samoan Passage
Authors: Voet Gunnar , Alford Matthew , Cusack Jesse , Pratt Larry , Girton James , Carter Glenn , Klymak Jody , Tan Shuwen , Thurnherr Andreas
Published: October 2022

The energy and momentum balance of an abyssal overflow across a major sill in the Samoan Passage is estimated from two highly resolved towed sections, set 16 months apart, and results from a two-dimensional numerical simulation. Driven by the density anomaly drop across the sill, the flow is relatively steady. The system gains energy from divergence of horizontal pressure work O(5) kW/m and flux of available potential energy O(2) kW/m. Approximately half of these gains are transferred into kinetic energy while the other half is lost to turbulent dissipation, bottom drag, and divergence in vertical pressure work. Small-scale internal waves emanating downstream of the sill within the overflow layer radiate O(1) kW/m upwards but dissipate most of their energy within the dense overflow layer and at its upper interface. The strongly sheared and highly stratified upper interface acts as a critical layer inhibiting any appreciable upward radiation of energy via topographically generated lee waves. Form drag of O(2) N/m2, estimated from the pressure drop across the sill, is consistent with energy lost to dissipation and internal wave fluxes. The topographic drag removes momentum from the mean flow, slowing it down and feeding a counter current aloft. The processes discussed in this study combine to convert about one third of the energy released from the cross-sill density difference into turbulent mixing within the overflow and at its upper interface. The observed and modeled vertical momentum flux divergence sustains gradients in shear and stratification, thereby maintaining an efficient route for abyssal water mass transformation downstream of this Samoan Passage sill.
Air Quality-Related Equity Implications of U.S. Decarbonization Policy
Authors: Picciano Paul , Eastham Sebastian , Qiu Minghao , Yuan Mei , Reilly John , Selin Noelle
Published: October 2022

We quantify potential air pollution exposure reductions resulting from U.S. federal carbon policy, and consider the implications of resulting health benefits for exposure disparities across racial/ethnic groups. We assess reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of 50% in 2030 relative to 2005 levels, comparable in magnitude to the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act. Using energy-economic scenarios and an air quality model, we find reductions in average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure across racial/ethnic groups under a carbon pricing policy, with greatest benefit for non-Hispanic Black and white populations. However, the average relative gap in exposure between white people and people of color widens. Alternative choices of sources that reduce a similar amount of CO2 emissions also cannot substantially mitigate these disparities. Our results suggest that fully mitigating exposure disparities between white and non-white populations will require efforts beyond optimization of existing CO2 policy strategies, including large-scale structural changes.
Advances in understanding subglacial meltwater drainage from past ice sheets
Authors: Simkins Lauren , Greenwood Sarah , Winsborrow Monica , Bjarnadóttir Lilja , Lepp Allison
Published: October 2022

Meltwater drainage beneath ice sheets is a fundamental consideration for understanding ice-bed conditions and bed-modulated ice flow, with potential impacts on terminus behavior and ice-shelf mass balance. While contemporary observations reveal the presence of basal water movement in the subglacial environment and inferred styles of drainage, the geological record, including sediments and landforms, on land and the seafloor of former or formerly expanded ice sheets aid in understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of distributed and channelized drainage systems and their impact on ice-sheet behavior. We highlight the past decade of advances in geological studies that focus on providing process-based information on subglacial hydrology of ice sheets, how these studies inform theory, numerical models, and contemporary observations, and address the needs for future research.
Could neurofeedback improve therapist-patient communication? Considering the potential for neuroscience informed examinations of the psychotherapeutic relationship
Authors: Morrissey Gregory , Tsuchiyagaito Aki , Takahashi Toru , McMillin John , Aupperle Robin , Misaki Masaya , Khalsa Sahib S.
Published: October 2022

Empathic communications between a patient and therapist are an essential component of psychotherapy. However, objective neural markers of the quality of the psychotherapeutic relationship have been elusive. Here we conceptualize how a neuroscience-informed approach involving real-time neurofeedback, facilitated via existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) technologies, has the potential to provide objective information for facilitating therapeutic rapport. We propose several neurofeedback-assisted psychotherapy (NF-AP) approaches that could offer the potential for optimizing the experience of the individual patient and therapist across the spectrum of psychotherapeutic treatment. Finally, we consider how the possible strengths of these approaches are balanced by the current limitations and discuss the prospects of NF-AP.
Food approach dynamics in daily life: Speed and force of food approach movements fluctuate with hunger, but less so for people with high BMI
Authors: Zech Hilmar G , van Dijk Wilco , van Dillen Lotte Frederike
Published: October 2022

Researchers have suggested that overconsumption of food, alcohol, and drugs could be explained by chronically elevated approach tendencies to rewarding but unhealthy stimuli. Here, we use the example of food to show that dysregulated rather than chronically elevated approach tendencies are associated with negative health outcomes. To this end, we developed a new smartphone-based paradigm to measure dynamic changes in food approach tendencies outside the laboratory (piloted with N = 48). We demonstrated in three pre-registered experiments (total N = 367) that food approach tendencies decrease from before to after people have eaten. We further show that in overweight and obese participants, these dynamics are disrupted, as their food approach tendencies increase rather than decrease after meals. In addition to showing these effects based on traditional reaction time-based food approach tendencies, we also demonstrate these patterns in a novel measure of response force—a measure that has long been used to study motivation in animals but has received little attention in humans. Together, our findings suggest that both reaction-time based, and force-based approach tendencies change dynamically in accordance with people’s need states and that disruptions in these dynamics are associated with negative health outcomes, such as overweight and obesity.
Non-literal Syntactic Representations are Driven by Predictive Processing: Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Speaker Accent
Authors: Getty Douglas , Fraundorf Scott H.
Published: October 2022

Many sentences are grammatically ill-formed, contain speech errors, or are otherwise anomalous in some way. As a result, it is often reasonable for comprehenders to infer that implausible sentences may not reflect the true intent of the speaker, and thus interpret the sentence non-literally. Recent work (Cai, Zhao, & Pickering, 2022; Buxó-Lugo & Slevc, n.d.) suggests non-literal interpretation reflects syntactic representations, not just semantics. Cai et al. (2022) propose the plausibility-driven syntactic prediction account to explain how comprehenders may obtain non-veridical structural representations. Across two experiments, we attempt to replicate their findings and test the claim that structural prediction can lead to non-veridical representations. We use structural priming and comprehension questions to assess comprehenders’ structural representation and their interpretation of the sentence. We also present a small-scale meta-analysis of all studies to date using this paradigm. Our results provide support for the prediction account, by showing that when comprehenders rely more on prediction, they have a larger tendency to obtain non-veridical structural representations.
A Bayesian decision-theoretic framework for studying motivated reasoning
Authors: Priniski J. Hunter , Solanki Prachi , Horne Zachary
Published: October 2022

Psychological, political, cultural, and sociological factors shape how people form and revise their beliefs. An established finding across these fields is that people are motivated to hold onto their beliefs even in the face of evidence by ignoring or reinterpreting information in a way that supports what they think. Although these and similar findings are compelling, the predominantly qualitative theories which guide research in this domain, and the often implicit definitions of motivation that accompany these theories, come at the cost of obscuring the cognitive mechanisms that produce motivated reasoning. Here, we introduce a new Bayesian decision-theoretic framework which describes three key factors necessary for distinguishing between cases of practically rational behavior and motivated reasoning. We demonstrate how the framework works in a series of simulations and argue that it provides guidance about what psychologists need to measure to determine where the errors in people's reasoning are occurring when they fail to revise their beliefs in light of new evidence. We then propose that this framework provides guidance for thinking about the development of interventions aimed at correcting misconceptions.
Modeling the value-based decision to consume alcohol in response to emotional experiences
Authors: Dora Jonas , Copeland Amber , Field Matt , King Kevin Michael
Published: October 2022

Evidence for negative reinforcement of alcohol use is mixed; one possible explanation for this is that people make value-based decisions whether to regulate their emotions via alcohol or an alternative, and only drink-to-cope when alcohol’s rein-forcing value is larger than that of available alternatives. If this is the case, immediately following a negative emotional event the value for alcohol should increase primarily in heavy drinkers, whereas in light drinkers, alternative ways of coping should be valued. We conducted a preregistered online experiment (N = 200) with a mixed design (between: heavy vs light drinker; within: negative/neutral/positive mood induction). In each of three experimental sessions, participants first provided value ratings for a set of alcohol and food stimuli. Second, they were subjected to a mood induction. Third, they made forced choices between either two alcohol or food stimuli. We then applied a drift diffusion model to these data and tested whether alcohol- and food-related decision-making parameters are differentially affected following the mood inductions in heavy and light drinkers. In preregistered analyses we found that heavy drinkers did not value alcohol more but valued food less after the negative mood induction. Exploratory analyses uncovered that both heavy- and light-drinking participants valued alcohol more following the negative mood induction if they reported high alcohol craving at the start of the session. Collectively, these results provide some evidence for the idea that drinking-to-cope might be a value-based decision-making process.
Pilot Feasibility Study of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) on Behavioral Regulation in a Mixed Clinical Cohort
Authors: Brandes-Aitken Anne , Gerdes Molly , Hattangadi Neil , Shapiro Kevin , Marco Elysa J
Published: October 2022

Objective: Children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders often report disturbances in autonomic nervous system (ANS) related behavioral regulation such as sensory sensitivity, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation. Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a method of non-invasive transcranial current stimulation presumed to modify behavioral regulation abilities via ANS modulation. Methods: To begin to address this knowledge gap, we examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 4-week CES intervention on behavioral regulation in a mixed neurodevelopmental sample of children and adolescents currently receiving care at clinical centers operated by Cortica. We first aimed to evaluate adherence, side effects, and tolerance of CES device use. Second, we aimed to evaluate pre-post change in three PNS-associated behavioral regulation conditions: sensory sensitivities, emotion dysregulation, and anxiety. Results: Feasibility results demonstrated moderate adherence, tolerability, and satisfaction with CES usage. Further, preliminary efficacy results demonstrated a significant reduction in sensory sensitivity, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation. Conclusion: Results from this pilot study provide justification for future randomized control trials using CES in children and adolescents with behavioral dysregulation.
Exploring Undergraduate Students’ Perspectives toward Computer-aided Translation Tools and Machine Translation: A Case Study of Students of the English Department
Authors: Khatim Mohammed Sir Al
Published: October 2022

Computer-aided Translation (CAT) tools have attracted the attention of scholars who practice translation in various disciplines. The current study investigated undergraduate students’ Perspectives on CAT tools and Machine Translation (MT). More specifically, it investigates to what extent CAT tools improve productivity and translation quality. Finally, it also explores the other merits of using CAT tools. The present study used a qualitative analysis and semi-structured interviews to answer the research questions. The findings indicate that most of the students have a positive attitude toward using CAT tools. Furthermore, the findings show that lexical, syntactic, and special use of expressions as well as collocations and words that have cultural connotations were the most challenging that the students encountered when using MT. in addition. Improving productivity, enhancing quality, scalability, and connectivity are the four concepts mentioned by the subjects of the study as merits that made them use the CAT tool for translation other than using machine translation.
Governing social media with users: tracing the evolution in Weibo community policies
Authors: Zhao Andy
Published: October 2022

Launched in 2009 and later becoming the most popular microblogging service in China, Weibo once had a bold experiment to address the unprecedented challenge of large-scale inappropriate content on its platform. It imitated the common law and jury institution and established a community committee system to involve ordinary users in the content moderation process. However, this innovation with democratic components later got reversed and transformed into a more platform-centric design where users only played an assistive role. This paper traces all available policy documents and web archives to map out how Weibo’s community governance evolved from a half-autonomous system to a rigidly controlled model since 2012. This paper suggests that a democratic content moderation system cannot last under external pressures on the social media company and without the solid empowerment of users.
Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Well-being and Grit as Predictors of Saudi EFL Female Students’ Foreign Language Achievement
Authors: Alqarni Nada A.
Published: October 2022

Research into language learning psychology has shown that personality and psychological traits have influenced learners’ academic outcomes. Nevertheless, the literature contains very little research into the positive psychology of language learners and positive constructs such as grit and well-being. Consequently, this study aimed to examine how the psychological factors of well-being and grit impact the academic achievement of foreign language Saudi female learners concerning their age. Thus, this study attempted to determine the possible statistical relationships between grit, emotional well-being, and foreign language achievement for Saudi female EFL learners. To answer this central research question, the data were obtained via an online survey of 84 Saudi EFL female college-level students. Pearson correlational tests and hierarchical regression tests were used for statistical analyses. The findings revealed that: (1) grit had a positive and significant correlation with well-being levels; 2) grit (perseverance of effort-POE) had a significant and positive relationship with well-being; (3) well-being and grit were significant predictors of participants’ academic achievement, and (4) older EFL learners had higher grit levels than their younger peers. The results imply that understanding the positive psychology of language learners contributes to helping them to achieve academic success. Based on these findings, several pedagogical implications were suggested.
Una función pública estratégica: el teletrabajo en la Administración Autonómica. Análisis jurídico-administrativo
Authors: Rastrollo Suárez Juan José
Published: October 2022

La articulación de un régimen jurídico del teletrabajo en el sector público se ha convertido en un imperativo necesario en las administraciones públicas para hacer frente a situaciones de crisis. Sin embargo, antesde 2020, no existía regulación básica sobre la materia en España. No obstante, algunas comunidades autónomas contaban con experiencias y regulación sobre la cuestión desde principios de la segunda década del siglo xx. A lo largo del presente trabajo, examinamos y analizamos desde una perspectiva jurídico-administrativa la legislación en materia de teletrabajo vigente en la legislación autonómica, centrándonos en los que consideramos aspectos clave para su desarrollo en el marco de la función pública.
An Examination of the Impact of Teachers’ Functional Questions on Students’ Oral Production in Algerian EFL Classrooms
Authors: Gouider Ilyes , Ameziane Hamid
Published: October 2022

This research explores the functions of questions used by EFL teachers and the impact they have on students’ oral production. The main aim is to examine the distribution of questioning techniques and the length of language output elicited by each category. The study will fill the research gap, in the local context, regarding the effects of functional questions on the length of students’ responses. The following main question is sought to be answered: What is the epistemic category of questions that can prompt students to produce more extended language output in EFL? The study involves descriptive correlational research that makes use of a quantitative method for answering the research questions. It implements Long and Sato’s (1984) taxonomy (based on Kearsley, 1976) for the categorization of functional questions. The database of this study included 566 questions, of which 420 were epistemic and 111 were echoic in function. The data collection procedure took place at the departments of English of two academic institutions, namely: the University of El Chadli Ben Djedid-El Tarf and the University of Badji Mokhtar-Annaba. The major findings of the study revealed that despite the primacy of referential questions in eliciting learners to produce lengthier language output, evaluative questions were more frequently asked by teachers. Further research is needed to be carried out in the context of Algeria to reach more comprehensive results.
Gender Differences in Written Communication Anxiety among Libyan Postgraduates in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad Taufik Hidayah , Alsohbo Kharima Saleh Issa , Hassan Isyaku
Published: October 2022

Writing represents an essential language skill. However, anxiety is often an obstacle to students’ positive writing outcomes. In Libya, students face detrimental challenges in English writing due to factors such as a high level of Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) which affects their written communication performance. This study, therefore, aims to examine gender differences in the level of written communication anxiety amongst Libyan postgraduates studying in Malaysian universities. The study employed a descriptive survey in which a self-administered questionnaire was used as a data-collection tool. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, including frequency and the Chi-square test. The findings revealed that most Libyan postgraduates in Malaysia experience a moderate level of writing anxiety, whereas none of them experience a low anxiety level. Additionally, no significant differences exist between male and female students regarding the level of written communication anxiety. It is hoped that this study could provide useful information that can be used by instructors to help students overcome writing anxiety and achieve positive learning outcomes. Nevertheless, this analysis is limited to gender differences in the level of written communication anxiety across gender and does not consider the types of anxiety experienced by Libyan postgraduates, which can be an important step for further investigation.
Degrowth scenarios for biodiversity? Some methodological steps and a call for collaboration
Authors: Otero Iago , Rigal Stanislas , Pereira Laura M. , Kim HyeJin , Gamboa Gonzalo , Tello Enric , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne
Published: October 2022

Studies show that economic growth contributes substantially to biodiversity loss and that, after a certain threshold, it does not contribute to wellbeing. Thus, when developing biodiversity scenarios, considering societal futures where economic growth is not a pre-condition requires special attention. However, to date, degrowth scenarios have not been explored for biodiversity conservation and human wellbeing. In this perspective paper we explain how the Nature Futures Framework (NFF) and other approaches could be used to generate degrowth scenarios for biodiversity, Nature's Contributions to People (NCP) and Good Quality of Life (GQL) based on multiple societal values. We present key methodological steps of such an endeavour, including: (i) producing degrowth visions for high-income countries; (ii) identifying leverage points and imagining degrowth pathways; (iii) identifying key social-ecological feedbacks; and (iv) modelling biodiversity, NCP and GQL along degrowth scenarios. Our proposal is framed within current theoretical, empirical, and modelling work as well as within efforts to improve scenario development across the biodiversity and climate communities. To develop degrowth scenarios for biodiversity, NCP and GQL, we call for collaboration across natural and social sciences, quantitative and qualitative approaches, and northern and southern perspectives. This collaboration could lead to a community of practice that tests and improves the degrowth scenarios in national and international science-policy interfaces as they set out to achieve the CBD 2050 vision of living in harmony with nature.
Workplace segregation and electoral success of right wing identity politics in India
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban , Paul Soham Kumar
Published: October 2022

In this paper we examine the role of social segregation on the electoral success of the right wing, Hindu nationalist platform in Indian politics. Existing studies have looked at the effect of social segregation on Hindu-Muslim riots and their findings indicate both possibilities; while some studies found segregated societies are more riot prone, some other studies found the opposite. We, using a state level panel data, examine the effect of Hindu-Muslim segregation at the workplace on the vote share for the right wing political party (Bharatiya Janata Party) . We find that workplace segregation in general is positively associated with the right wing vote share. But as proportion of Muslim population increases in a state, the relationship gets reversed.
Conflict in Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale: A Critical Discourse Approach
Authors: Naji Ola Razzaq , Abbas Nawal Fadhil
Published: October 2022

Conflict is a common but complicated phenomenon. It has been extensively researched in many domains, including philosophy, sociology, psychology, and linguistics. Using the Critical Discourse Approach, this study examines the issue of self-society conflict in The Handmaid’s Tale. The significance of this work lies in the identification and explanation of the discursive strategies that force the ideological polarization of the positively portrayed self versus the negatively portrayed other. The purpose of this study is to answer two questions: what are the discursive strategies used in The Handmaid’s Tale to create a positive or negative representation, and how are these strategies implemented? Five extracts from The Handmaid’s Tale were examined using eight of Van Dijk’s discursive strategies (2006). The findings show the pervasiveness of the discursive strategies in The Handmaid’s Tale, which attempt to transmit the ideological polarization of a positive portrayal of the self against a negative presentation of the other. Students of critical discourse analysis, communications studies, and of English, in particular, may find the findings useful.
The Use of Social Media Text-Based Exercises to Promote University Students’ Knowledge of Non-Academic and Academic English Language
Authors: Sriwichai Chuanpit
Published: October 2022

In this digital era, students tend to write more for non-academic purposes on social media platforms by using informal language. Consequently, they become familiar with the informal writing style and use non-academic language in academic writing. This research, therefore, aims to discover 1) what are the results of using the social media text-based exercises developed by the researchers in promoting university students’ knowledge of non-academic and academic English language, and 2) what are the students’ attitudes toward the use of social media text-based exercises. The instruments included four sets of social media text-based exercises, a pre-test, a post-test, and an open-ended questionnaire. Participants were 96 third-year English major students enrolling in the Academic Writing course, sections 1, 2, and 3 in the 1st semester, the academic year 2021 of a university in Thailand. The findings showed that the social media text-based exercises were effective in promoting the students’ knowledge of the non-academic and academic language. Questionnaire respondents expressed great attitudes toward the exercises. They believed the materials enabled them to analyze and identify distinct features of the registers in non-academic and academic writing. Additionally, they mentioned that learning through the exercises was interesting, enjoyable, and understandable. The study also provided suggestions for improving the exercises.
Saudi Female Teachers’ Identity Through the Use of Metaphors
Authors: Alfayez Arwa Fahad
Published: October 2022

Metaphors provide a framework through which teachers may convey their beliefs about teaching and learning. Using metaphor analysis, this article reflects on the views of three experienced teachers in Saudi Arabia. The study examines the metaphorical images female Saudi teachers use about teaching and learning. The question guiding the research study is What metaphors do Saudi female teachers use about teaching and learning? A qualitative research design was deemed best for this study through a case study. The individual metaphor analysis captured the teacher’s individual identity; the researcher discovered that each metaphor linked components of identity and teaching practice in distinct and diverse ways. A following cross-case study highlighted the numerous conflicts that instructors experience. The findings revealed that obligations and responsibilities vary between metaphors, profession-related ambivalence, and disputes in teachers’ images. Both the individual and cross-case analyses show that metaphors have the potential to enrich professional development and teacher education to advise policymakers, school administrators, teacher educators, and teachers.
Education data needs and challenges for building back from COVID-19
Authors: Recch Filipe , Petherick Anna , Hinton Rachel , Nagesh Radhika , de Freitas Accetta Rodrigo Furst , Goldszmidt Rafael
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has led governments worldwide to impose extensive restrictions on citizens, some of which may have long-term impact after their removal. Education is arguably the policy domain where closure policies are anticipated to lead to greatest lasting loss, in this case learning loss. Currently, limited data exists from which researchers and practitioners can draw insightful conclusions about how to remedy the problem. In this paper, we outline the global pattern in pandemic school-closure periods and illustrate data needs through the examples drawn from Brazil and India, two large countries with decentralised education systems, and which experienced prolonged periods of school closures during the pandemic. We conclude with a series of recommendations for building an improved data environment at government, school and household levels, to serve the building back agenda in education.
A Critical Stylistic Study of the Notion of Women Empowerment in the Mona Lisa Smile (2003)
Authors: Omar Aya Ali , Abbas Nawal Fadhil
Published: October 2022

This study unveils the ideologies of women empowerment encoded in the Mona Lisa Smile movie (2003). It reveals how the stereotypical image of women born only to be wives and do the duties of upbringing and housework is challenged. Katherine Ann Watson (Julia Roberts), the main character in the movie, wants to make a difference in the next generation of women. She rejects the imposed traditional ideologies. Linguistically, she opposes conventional thinking and seeks to persuade her students that life is about more than getting married. The primary focus of this study is to examine and clarify how the characters’ linguistic choices convey their ideologies concerning the notion of women empowerment. To do this, the researchers apply Jeffries`s (2010) critical stylistics, using of five stylistic tools: Negation, Hypothesizing, Equating and Contrasting, Exemplifying and Enumerating, and lastly, Representing Actions/Events/States. The data for this study consists of four extracts taken from the movie Mona Lisa Smile (2003). The analysis shows that the critical stylistic tools account for a significant portion of the meaning of the text under consideration and contributes to the linguistic formulation of the notion of women empowerment, especially Negation and Hypothesizing processes, which score the highest frequencies while Exemplifying and Enumerating score the lowest.
Facebook Movie-Based Discussions: Bringing Down Intercultural Barriers in English Language Education
Authors: Lisnychenko Alla , Glazunova Tamara , Dovhaliuk Tamila , Kuzmina Svitlana , Podosynnikova Hanna
Published: October 2022

The paper’s main aim is to highlight the importance of underpinning English language education with intercultural competence. The authors describe and analyze the experience of the cross-cultural exchange in Facebook movie-based discussions as an innovative approach to English teacher preparation in Ukraine. The study examines the perceptions of American films regarding various social, educational, and cultural issues by American and Ukrainian participants. The authors address the following questions: 1. What are the intercultural differences in the perception of American movies manifested by the representatives of the American and Ukrainian cultures during movie club discussions? 2. What are the participants’ attitudes to online discussions in a Facebook group? The research engages 83 participants, including university professors, their family members, and prospective teachers majoring in teaching English as a foreign language. The study applies Hofstede’s cultural dimensions model and descriptive, comparative, and qualitative methods. Since the research is empirical and an exciting outcome of international academic collaboration in teacher preparation, its findings have proven the significance of cross-cultural communication for educational purposes. The emphasis on strengthening English language teacher preparation with intercultural awareness, values, and skills for service in the multicultural world has evident benefits for the quality of teacher training in the Ukrainian context. The research also signifies Facebook as a platform for future online educational collaboration.
Who engages with science, and how? An empirical typology of Europeans' science engagement
Authors: Losi Lucilla
Published: October 2022

This article seeks to expand the literature on science attitudes by developing an empirical typology of people’s engagement choices and investigating their socio-demographic characteristics. Public Engagement with Science is gaining a central role in current studies of Science Communication, as it implies a bidirectional flow of information, which makes science inclusion and knowledge co-production realizable goals. However, research has produced few empirical explorations of the public’s participation in science, especially considering its socio-demographic characteristics. By means of segmentation analysis using Eurobarometer 2021 data, I observe that Europeans’ science participation can be distinguished in four types, disengaged, the largest group, aware, spectators and proactive. As expected, descriptive analysis of the socio-cultural characteristics of each group suggests that disengagement is most common among people with lower social status. In addition, in contrast to the expectations from existing literature, no behavioral distinction emerges between citizen science and other engagement initiatives.
EFL Learners’ Perspectives of E-Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study on Saudi College Students
Authors: Binmahboob Thamer
Published: October 2022

The learning process during Covid-19 pandemic has witnessed significant changes in the modes of instruction, with E-learning emerging as an absolute path in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. The current study seeks to investigate the perspectives of Saudi EFL students with regard to e-learning during the pandemic and the challenges encountered. The significance of this study stems from the importance of integrating e-learning into language learning in a methodological way with the proper planning of activities, technologies, and tutors and students’ skills. The participants of this study consisted of Saudi EFL learners in two Saudi universities, namely King Saud University and King Khalid University, who study in the department of English language. The sample consisted of (53) students who study in their fourth year and who were selected randomly from the department of English language. The research results demonstrated that the perceptions of the students of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic were positive because they see that e-learning makes learning easier, especially in the student-instructor interaction, as well as using various teaching styles and assessment methods and they participated in making the students prefer e-learning in their future education. However, the students reported that they do not have all the technical skills needed for e-learning and that they face technical problems and a lack of social relations during online learning. Based on these results, the researcher recommended training the students on e-learning skills and platforms and providing them with the required technologies for the effective adoption of e-learning.