bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Du mal-entendu et du mal-dit… passionnément
Authors: Guitart-Pont Rosa
Published: July 2021

L’intérêt porté à la psychanalyse varie en fonction des discours en vogue du moment, mais, que cet intérêt soit croissant ou décroissant, il repose souvent sur du malentendu. Le malentendu dont la psychanalyse fait l’objet aujourd’hui n’est pas le même que celui du temps de Freud. En revanche, le mal-dit, qui est à l’origine de ces mal-entendus, est intemporel.
Être présent
Authors: Madet Philippe
Published: July 2021

Le risque évoqué par Colette Soler de la distraction et de la vanité de ce que nous faisons suppose, pour s’en extraire, le courage sans cesse réitéré de la conquête. Le signifiant, reconquête, affirmé dès le titre de son article, interroge, voire peut choquer par son équivoque guerrière ou impérialiste. Conquérir peut s’entendre comme prendre à d’autres, qui seraient alors privés de quelque chose. Nous pouvons l’entendre autrement.
Le faire et le désirer
Authors: Aparicio Sol
Published: July 2021

Nous examinons les conséquences subjectives de la disjonction entre sexualité et procréation, longtemps incomprise et d’une telle importance aujourd’hui. Fait historique nouveau, la possibilité de choisir de « faire ou ne pas faire un enfant » interpelle le désir du sujet au même titre que l’interpellation de l’amour en l’absence de relation entre les sexes.
Pas tout génétique, un repérage en dystopie
Authors: Maiocchi Maria Teresa
Published: July 2021

Un corps génétique, pure donnée biologique manipulable en tant qu’isolable de l’Autre et de sa « parlotte », est un mythe impuissant à inscrire la jouissance de la lalangue dans le vivant du corps, essentielle à soutenir la vie, elle-même corps… Il y a du réel dans la captation désirante de la mère, en tant qu’elle passe par le vivant de la structure, par la voie de ces « débris de signifiant » que l’être de l’enfant reçoit de la « passoire des ruisseaux de l’Autre » plutôt que de la prétendue génétique.
The baby crash ou l’espace du désir
Authors: Mons Lucile
Published: July 2021

Les désastres environnementaux sont l’objet de différents discours, parfois pris comme appui pour justifier un refus de faire des enfants. Que faire de ces discours dans l’analyse ? Parfois considérés par les psychanalystes comme la rationalisation d’un refus de la castration, ils peuvent pourtant être entendus autrement, comme la manifestation du désir d’une autre filiation. Ils tentent de faire avec de nouvelles impossibilités et de symboliser une castration réelle.
La passe a-t-elle des effets dans le social ?
Authors: Barillot Patrick
Published: July 2021

L’incidence de la psychanalyse dans nos sociétés, soit la psychanalyse en extension, est tributaire de ce qui se déroule dans les cures, soit la psychanalyse en intension. De cette dernière le dispositif de la passe rend compte. Partant de là, Lacan attendait de la passe et du savoir produit sur les finalités de l’analyse une incidence dans le social vers un au-delà de l’Œdipe. La question se pose donc des retombées dans le social des avancées de Lacan, particulièrement sur la fonction du père, que l’AE peut être amené à élucider.
Sur la brèche
Authors: Bendrihen Nicolas
Published: July 2021

Quelques lignes sur le travail de témoignage de l’AE dans l’École, au terme du mandat.
Effets d’expérience
Authors: Léturgie Elisabeth
Published: July 2021

L’analyse et son effet de séparation d’avec la croyance infantile.
Des dits au dire : les boucles de la narration ou l’art du récit dans l’œuvre de Daniel Mendelsohn
Authors: Sepel Colette
Published: July 2021

L’auteur propose de faire un parallèle entre l’œuvre de Daniel Mendelsohn et le parcours analysant et de considérer son dernier ouvrage : Trois anneaux. Un conte d’exils comme le tour en plus, celui du dire, qui permet de nouer les dits des trios publications précédentes : L’Étreinte fugitive  ; Les Disparus  ; Une odyssée : Un père, un fils, une épopée.
Performing justice in republican empire, 1-565 CE
Authors: Ando Clifford
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the performance of trials by Roman magistrates outside the borders of the empire. It is contended that these occasions induced heightened reflection on the part of Roman authors about the ideological work performed by judicial rituals. The fulsome accounts of such trials grant interpretive insight into the work that Romans understood legal institutions to perform in provincial contexts, albeit their routinized nature in those contexts occasioned much less commentary from ancient authors.
Between the good king and the cruel tyrant
Authors: Tuori Kaius
Published: July 2021

After the reign of Augustus at the latest, the inhabitants of the Roman provinces were by and large convinced that the emperor was a crucial force in the legal process and – with time, effort, and connections – one might be able to receive a hearing from this highest of judges. The emperor, if he so wished, was the law, even in the provinces. However, the perception of the emperor, much like that of Roman power in general, varied greatly between observers, from unquestioning praise to descriptions of cruelty. When approaching these descriptions, it becomes apparent that they were intended for different audiences, from local partisans to Roman officials, and even the emperor himself. It could be said that by praising the emperor as right and just, the provincials may have hoped to persuade him to act that way. The purpose of this essay is to explore this narrative dichotomy in the textual tradition in and around the text known as the Acta Isidori, part of a third-century corpus now called the Acta Alexandrinorum. The text is presented as a transcript of a trial held before Claudius in Rome, relating to the complex and long standing conflict between the Jewish and Greek inhabitants of Alexandria. This text, purporting to be from the trial between King Agrippa and Isidorus, an ambassador of the Greeks, clearly shows the propagandist value and the difficulties faced by both those approaching the emperor, and the emperor himself, in projecting his power. The aim of the chapter is to explore the role of the narratives of kingship in the legitimation and delegitimation of imperial power in the provinces as it manifested itself in the jurisdiction of the Roman emperor.
Representing the rights of a city
Authors: Fournier Julien
Published: July 2021

This paper focuses on the office of ekdikos, i.e., a public advocate appointed to represent the interests of a Greek city before a court. Widely attested in the interstate arbitrations of the Hellenistic period, the office remained important during the imperial period. The ekdikoi acted as intermediaries between local peregrine courts and Roman courts. During the Principate, the office underwent a significant evolution: what was previously a collegiate and ad hoc appointment became a permanent and individual one. In this respect, the ekdikos may have been a forerunner of the office of defensor ciuitatis, established by the central authorities in the 4th century CE.
Ad similitudinem arbitrorum
Authors: Dohrmann Natalie B.
Published: July 2021

Among other things, C.Th. 2, 1, 10 declares that the judgments of Jewish tribunals in civil matters will be enforced by the state as if they were issued by Roman courts of arbitration (ad similitudinem arbitrorum). The extraordinary power exerted by this analogical reasoning characteristic of the fictio iuris reasoning – comprehending all Jewish civil law as ersatz arbitration – serves as the inspiration for an exploration into the question of “similarity” between legal systems. A look at the rabbinic laws of arbitration reveals that the space opened by Rome for the operation of Jewish legal practice seems in the tannaitic sources to have been more anxiety-producing than empowering. The first part of the paper will look at the early rabbinic construction of the idea of arbitration (cf. Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael, Neziqin 1; t. Sanhedrin 1; Sifre Deuteronomy §17), and map its conceptual foci in relation to similar Roman ideas. The second part of the paper reflects on the manifold methodological pitfalls (and potentials) of comparison, history, and jurisprudence in the study of rabbinic and Roman law in an imperial landscape.
Pure laparoscopic versus open donor hepatectomy for adult living donor liver transplantation – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Papoulas Michail , Hakeem Abdul Rahman , Heaton Nigel , Menon Krishna V.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy (PLDH) for adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of donor outcomes following PLDH for adult LDLT.

Materials and Methods:

Systematic review in line with the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines.

Results:

Eight studies were included in the systematic review and six in the meta-analysis. A total of 575 donors underwent PLDH for adult LDLT. The mean donor age was 32.8 years with a BMI of 23.4 kg/m2 and graft weight of 675 g. The mean operative time was 353 min and the conversion rate was 2.8% (n = 16). Overall morbidity was 10.8% with 1.6% major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 3b), zero mortality and 9.0 days length of stay (LOS). The meta-analysis demonstrated that the operative time was significantly shorter for the open donor hepatectomy group (mean difference 29.15 min; P = 0.006) and the LOS was shorter for the PLDH group (mean difference −0.73 days; P = 0.02), with a trend towards lesser estimated blood loss in PLDH group. However, no difference between the two groups was noted in terms of overall morbidity or major complications.

Conclusions:

Perioperative outcomes of PLDH are similar to the standard open approach in highly specialised centers with trend towards lesser blood loss and overall shorter hospital stay. Careful donor selection and standardisation of the technique are imperative for the successful implementation and adoption of the procedure worldwide.
Changing paradigms in endoscopic thyroid surgery
Authors: Chand Gyan , Gupta Nitish , Johri Goonj , Mishra Anjali , Mishra Saroj Kant
Published: July 2021

Background:

To avoid cervical scar in thyroid surgery, various approaches have been proposed. The commonly used approach is combined axillo-breast approach (ABA). However, trans-orovestibular approach (TOVA) is getting popular. The aim of this study is to compare surgical outcomes of patients who underwent endoscopic hemithyroidectomy (EHT) by either ABA or TOVA.

Patients and Methods:

This was a retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients who underwent EHT from January 2013 to December 2018. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A – through ABA and Group B – through TOVA.

Results:

A total of eighty patients underwent EHT in Group A and 25 in Group B. In both groups, most patients were female (male: female = 1:4.7 in Group A and 1:7.33 in Group B, P = 0.515). In both groups, there was no difference in age (the mean age was 33.44 ± 10.44 years in Group A and 33.04 ± 14.01 years in Group B, P = 0.391) and in size of the nodule (Group A – 3.91 ± 1.17 cm and Group B – 3.6 ± 1.39 cm, P = 0.228). The operating time was significantly less in Group B (Group A – 152.25 ± 30.19 mins and Group B – 126.80 ± 22.94 mins, P ≤ 0.01). The post-operative hospital stay was significantly less in Group B (mean 3.17 ± 0.97 days in Group A and 2.24 ± 0.60 days in Group B, P ≤ 0.01).

Conclusion:

TOVA is associated with shorter operating time and hospital stay with comparable outcomes. Cosmetic outcome is excellent in TOVA, however requires further subjective evaluation.
Laparoscopic versus open inguinal hernia repair in children
Authors: Zhao Jie , Yu Chengjun , Lu Jiandong , Wei Yi , Long Chunlan , Shen Lianju , Lin Tao , He Dawei , Wei Guanghui , Kou Lihua , Wu Shengde
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

Considerable debates exist regarding the preferable technique to repair a paediatric inguinal hernia (PIH). This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic herniorrhaphy (LH) and open herniorrhaphy (OH) in PIH.

Methods:

The randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the outcomes of LH and OH in PIH without region and language restrictions searched from the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science Database, Cochrane Library, SciELO Citation Index, Russian Science Citation Index, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data and China Science and Technology Journal Database.

Results:

A total of 13 RCTs that involving 1207 patients included in the review. The LH displayed a shorter operative time for bilateral hernia repair (weighted mean difference = −8.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −11.22~−5.23, P < 0.00001), a lower complication rate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32, 95% CI: 013–0.83, P = 0.02) along with a lower wound infection (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04–0.55, P = 0.005) and major male-specific post-operative complications (OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.24, P < 0.00001) and a less contralateral metachronous inguinal hernia (CMIH) incidence rate (OR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02–0.42, P = 0.002). No significant difference was found for unilateral operative time, time to full recovery, length of hospital stay, recurrence and hydrocele rates between the two techniques.

Conclusion:

The present review reiterates that both the LH and OH techniques for the PIH repair are comparable. However, in some aspects, the LH is superior to the OH in terms of operative time for bilateral hernias, post-operative complications rate and CMIH incidence rate. Rigorously designed RCTs are anticipated to confirm the clinical effects of both LH and OH.
Gene expression profiling utilizing extremely sensitive CDNA arrays and enrichment-based network study of major bone cancer genes
Authors: Lin Qiang , Munir Anum , Masood Sana , Hussain Shahid , Naeem Mashal , Fazal Sahar
Published: July 2021

Background:

The gene interaction network is a set of genes interconnected by functional interactions among the genes. The gene interaction networks are studied to determine pathways and regulatory mechanisms in model organisms. In this research, the enrichment study of bone cancer-causing genes is undertaken to identify several hub genes associated to the development of bone cancer.

Materials and Methods:

Data on bone cancer is obtained from mutated gene samples; highly mutated genes are selected for the enrichment analysis. Due to certain interactions with each other the interaction network model for the hub genes is developed and simulations are produced to determine the levels of expression. For the array analyses, a total of 100 tumor specimens are collected. Cell cultures are prepared, RNA is extracted, cDNA arrays probes are generated, and the expressions analysis of Hub genes is determined.

Results:

Out of cDNA array findings, only 7 genes: CDKN2A, AKT1, NRAS, PIK3CA, RB1, BRAF, and TP53 are differentially expressed and shown as significant in the development of bone tumors, approximately 15 pathways have been identified, including pathways for non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, and glioma, consisting of all the identified 7 genes. After clinical validations of tumor samples, the IDH1 and TP53 gene revealed significant number of mutations similar to other genes. Specimens analysis showed that RB1, P53, and NRAS are amplified in brain tumor, while BRAF, CDKN2A, and AKT1 are amplified in sarcoma. Maximum deletion mutations of the PIK3CA gene are observed in leukemia. CDKN2A gene amplifications have been observed in virtually all tumor specimens.

Conclusion:

This study points to a recognizable evidence of novel superimposed pathways mechanisms strongly linked to cancer.
Developed and validated food frequency questionnaires in Iran
Authors: Ayoubi Samaneh Sadat , Yaghoubi Zahra , Pahlavani Naseh , Philippou Elena , MalekAhmadi Mahsa , Esmaily Habibollah , Ranjbar Golnaz , Amini Maryam , Nematy Mohsen , Norouzy Abdolreza
Published: July 2021

Background:

Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are inexpensive, easy to administer, and practical tools for dietary assessment in epidemiological studies. Several studies have investigated the validity and reproducibility of FFQs for the Iranian population. This systematic review aimed to assess the developed and validated FFQs for use in the Iranian population and compare their features and the validation studies in this regard.

Materials and Methods:

A comprehensive search was conducted in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, and Iranian databases without time constraints to retrieve the relevant English and non-English publications. Studies would be included if they were focused on the design and validation of FFQs in Iran.

Results:

In total, 782 articles were found, 22 of which met the eligibility criteria and evaluated 18 FFQs. Validation studies had been conducted on 18 out of 20 FFQs. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of the FFQ intakes and the dietary reference method by nutrients varied within the range of 0.19–0.65, indicating reasonable validity. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of two FFQs by nutrients was 0.28–0.85, showing appropriate reproducibility. However, low validity was observed in some nutrients and food groups, such as egg, legumes, iron, folate, and α-tocopherol. In seven studies, biomarkers were used for the assessment of nutrient intake using an FFQ with the median correlation coefficient of −0.07–0.42. In addition, the quality of methodology was evaluated in the FFQ validation studies, with 18 out of 20 studies reporting good and excellent quality.

Conclusion:

Although the FFQs used to assess the dietary intake of the Iranian population have different features, they have acceptable validity and reproducibility. Nevertheless, some food groups and nutrients have poor validity and must be considered attentively.
Association of leukocyte telomere length with metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Peng Xuemin , Huang Jiaojiao , Xia Sanshan , Yang Yan , Dong Kun
Published: July 2021

Background:

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been revealed to be associated with aging-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the correlation of LTL with MetS and its components in T2DM patients in this cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 344 T2DM patients were enrolled into this study. LTL was measured by Southern blot-based terminal restriction fragment length analysis. MetS was clinically defined by 2007 Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults.

Results:

Of 344 T2DM patients, 53% had MetS. T2DM patients with MetS had significantly longer LTL than those without MetS (6451.95 ± 51.10 base pairs vs. 6076.13 ± 55.13 base pairs, P < 0.001), especially when T2DM patients had poor glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c ≥7%). Meanwhile, the trend of longer LTL was associated with the increased components of MetS in T2DM patient. Finally, LTL had a significant association with MetS (odds ratio [OR]: 2.096, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.337–3.285, P = 0.001), low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 2.412, 95% CI 1.350–4.308, P = 0.003) in T2DM patients.

Conclusion:

T2DM patients with MetS had a significantly longer LTL than those without MetS. The longer LTL was especially evident in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. Longer LTL was positively associated with MetS, particularly low levels of HDL-C in T2DM patients.
Co-infection between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the influenza Type B in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Heshmat-Ghahdarijani Kiyan , Vaseghi Golnaz , Nasirian Maryam , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy
Published: July 2021

Background:

Some studies have been reported the rates of co-infection between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza virus in the different regions. In this study, we report the co-infection rates between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza type B in Isfahan, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

All patients with a definite diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Isfahan COVID-19 registry (I-core) study were enrolled from February 2020.

Results:

Of the 1639 laboratory COVID-19 confirmed in Isfahan province, only two persons were positive for Influenza B from Isfahan COVID-19 registry (I-core). Both patients were symptom-free after 3 months' follow-up.

Conclusion:

During influenza season, differentiating other causes of respiratory illness from COVID-19 is difficult, because common clinical manifestations of COVID-19 mimic those of influenza. It seems that evaluating for co-infection with different types of influenza viruses in patients with specific settings should be considered.
Diagnostic Techniques for Human Papillomavirus Detection for Early Diagnosis of Endocervical Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Almutiri Abdullah Bandar
Published: July 2021

Background:

The past few decades have witnessed a shift in the rate of incidence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and endocervical adenocarcinoma because there has been an increase in the prevalence of the endocervical adenocarcinoma and a reduction in the SCC in countries with effective screening programs in place. Although our knowledge about the underlying reasons for this shift remains deficient, it seems that the prevalence of endocervical adenocarcinoma is on the rise partly because of greater exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV), screening delays, and more importantly, technical limitations faced in diagnosing endocervical carcinoma.

Objectives:

This study aims to systematically review certain diagnostic methods that detect HPV which will facilitate the early diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma because adjuvant therapy has proven to be inefficient for later stages of the disease.

Methodology:

The relevant articles were researched online using databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SpringerLink, and Web of Science. The databases were electronically searched. The keywords used in the search included “human papillomavirus (HPV),” “diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma,” “polymerase chain reaction (PCR),” “in situ hybridization (ISH),” and “immunohistochemistry (IHC).” The search was refined to include only those articles that were nonreviewed studies and recently published, covering the period from 2010 to the present.

Results:

Eight articles from different parts of the world were selected for the study and were categorized into three groups depending on the diagnostic technique used in them, which included PCR, ISH, and IHC. PCR has proven to be an efficient noninvasive method that detects HPV DNA in the early stages. ISH demonstrates high specificity and sensitivity for the detection, of which genotypes of HPVs are present in endocervical adenocarcinoma lesions. Immunohistochemical staining is a simple tool for detecting HPV, but it has limited efficiency.

Conclusion:

A number of diagnostic tools are available to detect HPV infection for the early diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma. HPV detection tests can be used in combination with the Pap test to ensure that any abnormality is not missed during diagnosis. Nonetheless, further studies should be performed to develop novel techniques or improve existing ones, so that endocervical adenocarcinomas can be detected on time and with high accuracy, and to overcome the problems faced in the cytologic diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinomas lesions.
Factors Motivating Nurses to Transition from Clinical to Academic Education
Authors: AlKarani Ahmed S. , Ibrahem Ahmed AbdElbagy
Published: July 2021

Background:

Around the world, there are some problems facing nursing education and production of new nurses; one of the problems is a shortage of qualified nurse faculty members.

Objectives:

The objectives of the study are (1) to explore factors motivated Saudi nurses working at nursing faculties to transition from clinical practice to academy and (2) to clarify the challenges of the transition into nursing colleges at universities.

Subjects and Methods:

This was a descriptive, qualitative study. A semi-structured interview was implemented with nine lecturers from four Saudi Universities. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:

This study publicized three themes from the experience of Saudi nurses moving from clinical practice to academy: appealing factors in academic work, including four subthemes; factors that helped integrate into academic work, including two subthemes; and factors that contributed to the transition from clinical practice to academy, including two subthemes.

Conclusion:

Searching for change, continuing postgraduate studies, academic social life, and a positive academic work environment are common factors motivating nurses to transfer from clinical bedside nursing care into academic teaching.
Nomophobia Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Nursing Students
Authors: Rawas Hawazen , Bano Nusrat , Asif Uzma , Khan Muhammad Anwar
Published: July 2021

Background:

Nomophobia is described as the fear of losing contact with mobile phones. It is widely reported in nursing students who may also experience depression, anxiety, and stress. Little is known about the relationship of nomophobia with depression, anxiety, and stress.

Objectives:

This study was designed to (a) assess nomophobia in nursing students and to (b) evaluate the impact of depression, anxiety, and stress on nomophobia in nursing students.

Material and Methods:

The study was carried out in College of Nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Study sample (n = 311) comprised students enrolled in all levels of bachelor of science in Nursing degree. A self-administered survey was conducted using the Nomophobia Questionnaire tool for nomophobia and DASS-21 for depression, anxiety, and stress.

Results:

Undergraduate nursing students were presented with mild (12.9%), moderate (46.9%), and severe (40.2%) nomophobia. The highest mean score yielded for nomophobia Factor 1 – not being able to communicate (4.74 ± 1.77), whereas the lowest score was noted for nomophobia Factor 2 – losing connectedness (4.07 ± 1.96). A significant positive correlation was noted between depression and Factor 4 – giving up convenience of nomophobia (r = 0.11, P < 0.05). A high prevalence of nomophobia was noted. Severity of depression contributed positively to severity of nomophobia.

Conclusion:

Findings indicate the coexistence of depression, anxiety, or stress in nomophobia.
Topiramate, as Prominent Dual Inhibitor, Targeting Beta-secretase and Voltage-gated Sodium Channel
Authors: Abohashrh Mohammed
Published: July 2021

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is evidenced by decreased cognitive function and increased prevalence of seizures. The association of epilepsy with AD is of clinical importance. Besides, memory impairment is common in epilepsy patients. Anti-epilepsy drugs have been used in various neurodegenerative disorders other than epilepsy.

Objective:

To validate the assumption that an AED could be effective against AD. The therapeutic target in the cure of epilepsy is the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC), while beta-secretase (BACE) is a vital target in AD treatment.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, we describe the molecular interactions of topiramate with BACE and VGSC by “Autodock 4.2.” Free binding energy and inhibition constant of “topiramate-BACE” and “topiramate-VSC” interactions were found to be “−5.67 kcal/mol and 69.69 μM;” and “−5.64 kcal/mol and 73.88 μM,” respectively.

Results:

Both hydrophobic interactions and H-bond exhibit a vital role in the binding of topiramate with the BACE and VGSC.

Conclusion:

The study suggests that topiramate might act as a prominent dual inhibitor against BACE and VGSC, which may prove to be a promising treatment option for epilepsy-associated AD.
Assessment of Awareness of Ultrasound Safety among Ultrasound Users in King Saudi Arabia
Authors: Adam Mohamed , Gameraddin Moawia , Alelyani Magbool , Laghbi Abdullah , Abdallah Ibtisam , Alqahtani Nada A.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Ultrasound (US) is an imaging method with significant diagnostic value; it is one of the most important diagnostic tools used by a wide range of health-care professionals across many applications.

Objective:

Evaluate the knowledge on implementation of the safety of diagnostic ultrasound (US) and the extent of perception of users in South King Saudi Arabia (KSA) regarding safety aspects of diagnostic methods.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia between October 2019 and September 2020. US operators used an online questionnaire in public and private Hospitals. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software program using appropriate statistical tests.

Results:

A total of 105 respondents of US operators completed the questionnaires. Most of them specialized in radiology (71.4%), whereas the remaining are physicians and obstetricians. A 50.5% of the US operators responded to the correct answer for US safe in the first trimester, 21.9% responded it is safe in the second trimester, and 34.3% in the third trimester. In comparison between operators about the knowledge safety issue, sonographers have a better knowledge of US safety than others (P = 0.02), whereas females have significant experience than males (P = 0.033). Qualified US operators with postgraduate studies were significantly more knowledgeable about US safety than others (P = 0.04).

Conclusions:

The qualification of US users has a significant impact on US safety knowledge. Practice and awareness of US safety among US operators in KSA need further training. Further efforts are made to teach and train diagnostic medical US devices to implement safety standards.
Thyroid Cancer Awareness among Women in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Fayi Majed Saad
Published: July 2021

Background:

Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common malignancies among females in Saudi Arabia, accounting for approximately 11% of newly diagnosed cancers in the kingdom. Over the past few decades, an increasing prevalence of TC has been documented in the kingdom. In Saudi Arabia, and especially in the Asir region, no studies have been conducted to address TC awareness among females.

Objectives:

This study aims to assess the level of TC awareness among women in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. This study focuses on knowledge of the risk factors, signs, prevalence, treatment, and diagnosis of TC.

Materials and Methods:

This study uses a cross-sectional survey design. An online survey was conducted among 310 females in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia over 3 months. The questionnaire was divided into four subsections, namely, a demographic section, a knowledge score section, an awareness section, and practices to detect TC section.

Results:

A total of 75 (24.8%) participants had a low level of knowledge about TC, while only five (1.7%) participants had a high level of knowledge about TC, with the remainder having a moderate level of knowledge. The knowledge scores of participants were found to be significantly correlated with their education levels (0.048), while knowledge of TC did not significantly correlate with their age group (0.790), marital status (0.471), or number of visits to a health center per year (0.211). The majority of the respondents claimed that TC is uncommon in Saudi Arabia (54.6%), more common in males/females (75.2%), and more common in those aged over 40 years.

Conclusion:

The study depicted the suboptimal awareness levels of women regarding TC in the Asir region and its association with education levels. Women's awareness of TC in routine practice is urgently required.
A Linked-Data Method to Organize an XML Database for Mathematics Education
Authors: Bickel Alan Edward , Beshero-Bondar Elisa E. , Larson Tim
Published: July 2021

This paper presents work in progress to support fine-grained semantic relationships between mathematical concepts and educational resources. Can RDF ontologies and XML structure support a high-capacity database application for lesson planning, teaching, assessment, and tutoring?
How long is my SVG  element?
Authors: Birnbaum David J. , Taylor Charlie
Published: July 2021

SVG layout requires that the developer be in control of the dimensions of the objects that must be placed in the coordinate space. It is easy to specify (or compute based on other specifications) the size (bounding box height and width) of many SVG objects (e.g., rectangles, circles, lines), but identifying the bounding box for text is challenging because SVG text does not know its own length.

In this report we explore two methods for working around this limitation. The first method, implemented in XSLT, consults exported font metrics to determine the length of SVG  elements and uses that information to make layout decisions as the SVG is created. The second method, implemented in JavaScript, determines the length of SVG  objects as the SVG is rendered in a browser and uses the information to control the layout at rendering time.
JATS Blue Lite
Authors: Imsieke Gerrit , Reinhardt Nina Linn
Published: July 2021

A JATS customization with a restricted vocabulary that is suitable for publishing metadata has been a desideratum in the JATS community. For some members, the JATS publishing customization (“Blue”) has acquired too many JATS archiving (“Green”) vocabulary items over time. Others want to have a straightforward editing schema without too many alternatives, similar to the authoring (“Pumpkin”) customization, but with support for publishing metadata.

This work is an attempt to identify a commonly used subset of Blue (goal: 60% of its elements and attributes) that is able to support at least 90% of the JATS articles found in the wild, where “wild” means several hundred thousand articles sourced from publishers directly and from PubMed Central’s vast collections.

In addition, this subset should also support the elements and attributes that have been added to JATS only recently and that are therefore unlikely to be found in large numbers within the articles analyzed. An attempt has been made to scrutinize vocabulary items that have been adopted from Green: Is the adoption merely a sign of the creeping “aquafication” of Blue that some suspect, or have these items really been missing in a more prescriptive and widely applicable journal tag set? Items that are considered important to modern publishing for several reasons – accessibility, open access, machine processability – have been included in this proposed subset. Also items that were underrepresented in the analyzed set of articles, but are considered fundamental to JATS, have been retained.
Converting an SGML/XML Hybrid to TEI-XML: The Case of the Internet Shakespeare Editions
Authors: Jenstad Janelle , El Hajj Tracey
Published: July 2021

In late 2018, the Internet Shakespeare Editions (ISE) software experienced catastrophic code failure. In this paper, we describe the boutique markup language used by the ISE (known as IML for ISE Markup Language), various fundamental differences between IML and TEI, and the challenging work of converting and remediating the ISEʼs IML-encoded files. Our central question is how to do this work in a principled, efficient, well documented, replicable, and transferable way. We conclude with recommendations for re-encoding legacy projects and stabilizing them for long-term preservation.
ZenoString: A Data Structure for Processing XML Strings
Authors: Kay Michael
Published: July 2021

This paper describes a novel data structure for the representation of Unicode strings, designed to efficiently support the usage patterns that arise when processing XML using languages such as XSLT, XPath, and XQuery.
Encoding semantic relationships in literary texts
Authors: Koidaki Fotini , Tiktopoulou Katerina
Published: July 2021

Encoding meaningful semantic relationships in literary texts is almost as difficult as defining and identifying them. Defining the types and the components of semantic relationships that can be extracted from literary texts is a quite challenging task because literature is full of implicit and oblique messages and references. Subsequently, identifying and encoding semantic relationships in literature is even more challenging because often relations do not have neither clear nor standard linguistic form and usually they overlap each other. This paper discusses modeling and encoding issues concerning the mapping of relationships of cultural content in literary and humanities texts, highlighted by the case of the ECARLE project annotation campaign. On handling these modeling and encoding issues the paper proposes a methodology of minimalistic and flexible annotation techniques, combined in order to generate human annotated training data for a Relation Extraction machine learning system. The proposed methodology utilizes the available TEI tagset, and, without any further customizations, allows the mapping of relations formed by named entities in a simple yet flexible way, open to reuse, interchange, conversion and visualization.
Attempts to modernize XML conversion at PubMed Central
Authors: Latterner Martin , Bamberger Dax , Peters Kelly , Beck Jeffrey D.
Published: July 2021

PubMed Central® (PMC) is a free full-text archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature at the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine. PMC receives about 70,000 XML articles every month and uses XSLT to convert them into its preferred format. In 2021, PMC started to explore options to modernize its extensive conversion codebase leveraging XSLT 3.0. This paper describes XML conversion and its challenges at PMC. It then outlines the first approach that PMC is evaluating: breaking a single conversion operation into multiple, dynamic transformations using fn:transform, one of the powerful new tools available with XSLT 3.0.
Serving IIIF and DTS APIs specifications from TEI data via XQuery with support from a SPARQL Endpoint
Authors: Liuzzo Pietro Maria
Published: July 2021

This paper presents two modules, one serving the IIIF presentation API, and another the three Distributed Text Services API specifications (Collection, Navigation and Document), as well as an additional experimental Web Annotation and indexes API. These are all served from XML TEI data with a RESTxq XQuery module within an exist-db application which also benefits from direct access to a SPARQL Endpoint containing a serialization in RDF of some of the information in the XML. The setup is not uncommon: we have our data collaboratively edited in GitHub, indexed from there into exist-db and transformed with XSLT to RDF-XML. The RDF-XML is passed on to Apache Jena Fuseki on the same server and is indexed there as well, as RDF, so that the two datasets are parallel and updated synchronously. What I want to argue is that the setup itself and the code involved are integrating part of the knowledge being served. They make assumption on the existing data based on knowledge which is not in the data itself and build the additional representation using that with an additional set of inferences. I conclude the contribution with some examples of use of these modules and their functions.
Topic-based SGML? Really?
Authors: Nordström Ari
Published: July 2021

Topic-based technical documentation is all the rage these days, made popular by DITA and others. Topics can be integrated with the engineering data for the products both describe using nifty Product Life Management (PLM) tools that make this easier than ever. But what if you're stuck with SGML, voluntarily or involuntarily? Can you, too, bring your content into the topic-based paradigm or should you rather not?

This paper explores your options and the state of SGML in the PLM world today. It nose-dives into the ATA iSpec 2200 SGML, discusses some of the pains to implement it, and finally converts the ATA to DITA.
Client-side XSLT, Validation and Data Security
Authors: Piez Wendell
Published: July 2021

Client-side XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) or CSX is often used in scenarios where data (in XML, Extensible Markup Language) from a remote server is provided to a user who processes it in some way, for example rendering it locally for display. That is, the server provides the data, and the client does the work on that data to make it useful. However, that is not the only scenario in which CSX is useful. In an environment in which the user already has, or is in the process of creating, XML, CSX can be a convenient and powerful tool, enabling users to perform operations on their data securely on their own systems. The potential for this use of CSX is illustrated with uses of SaxonJS for several security-related applications.
Presentational Markup: What's going on?
Authors: Renear Allen H. , Mak Bonnie
Published: July 2021

We explore some theoretical questions concerning the renditional features common in textual communication. By renditional features we mean such things as the arrangement of text on the page and text size or style, whether in manuscript or printed documents. We refer to these features as presentational markup, using that phrase with its original meaning: the renditional features themselves, not the codes intended to generate these features when processed by computer software. Presentational markup plays a critical role in textual communication as these renditional features directly support the recognition of content in the final phase of communication. Yet it is descriptive markup that has dominated the attention of the SGML/XML markup theorists. We take a few steps towards rebalancing this distribution of attention. We consider whether presentational markup should be considered a category of document markup alongside descriptive and procedural markup, summarize the origin of variant meanings of “presentational markup,” and describe several approaches to understanding the role of presentational markup in the communication of information. Although we focus on textual communication, much of the discussion about renditional features applies to oral communication as well; renditional features exist in speech as well as in writing. These are the preliminary ruminations of a Balisage “Late Breaking” contribution — we are inviting discussion.
Catastrophic complexity
Authors: Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: July 2021

Eventually, things reach their limit…
Semantics and the Web
Authors: St.Laurent Simon
Published: July 2021

In the late 1990s, multiple groups had plans to transform the technology world, and especially the World Wide Web, with semantic techniques. Over the last two decades, however, semantics seem less and less eager to present themselves as markup.
Interactivity Three Ways
Authors: Walsh Norman , Sperberg-McQueen C. M.
Published: July 2021

One of the most obvious differences between documents physically printed on pages of paper and documents displayed on electronic devices is that the latter can be interactive in ways that the former cannot. More than 50 years ago, this is what convinced Ted Nelson and others that when used well computers would dramatically change our relation with text. What kinds of interactivity are possible, and to what extent interactivity adds value to a document, are challenging questions that require careful analysis.

Deciding that some specific interactive feature would add value immediately raises a new challenge: how is that feature going to be realized? In this paper, we look at three different technologies that can be used to add interactivity to a document presented on the web: “plain old JavaScript”, Saxon-JS, and XForms. We examine a specific feature and compare the differences between similar implementations across these three platforms.
The relationship between coronary artery disease and hs-troponin T changing during exercise stress test
Authors: GÜRBAK İsmail , AĞAÇ Musatafa Tarık , ÇELİK Şükrü
Published: July 2021

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between coronary artery disease and changing of high sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) values during exercise stress test (EST) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.

Material and Methods We included 68 patients who underwent coronary angiography after positive EST. The hs-TnT values of all patients were measured before EST and at 4 hours after EST. Patients with coronary artery stenosis of 50% or more were divided into two groups [CAD (+)] and those without [CAD (-)].hs-TnT values measured before and after EST were compared.

Results Among the 68 patients evaluated, 26 patients (39.3%) were identified as CAD (-) and 42 patients (61.7) as CAD (+).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the hs-TnT values before and after EST. There was a significant correlation between hs-TnT before exercise and pre-EST systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r = 0.313, p = 0.009) and hs-TnT before exercise and peak SBP during EST (r=0.241, p=0.038), anda also we found a correlation between hs-TnT after EST and peak SBP during EST (r = 0.398, p = 0.001). However, a strong negative correlation was found between the Duke treadmill score (DTS) calculated by the exercise test parameters and the Syntax score, which indicates the extent and severity of coronary artery disease (r =-0.521, p = 0.0001).

Conclusions As a result of our study, it was observed that hs-TnT values did not contribute to the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. However, DTS evaluation performed before invasive coronary angiography can provide important information about coronary artery lesion complexity.
The Relationship Between HbA1c and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non- Established Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: BAYDAR Onur
Published: July 2021

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important cardiovascular risk factor and 50% of newly diagnosed diabetic patients have coronary artery disease. HbA1c levels in these patients have an effect on prognosis. Development of contrast agent-induced nephropathy (CIN) is common in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. In our study, the relationship between HbA1c and the development of CIN was investigated in NSTEMI patients who did not have a previous diagnosis of DM and receive treatment.

Methods: In our study, 359 (189, 52.6% male) patients who were not diagnosed with DM and did not receive treatment were retrospectively analyzed for NSTEMI diagnosis. HbA1c and creatinine values before the procedure and post-procedure creatinine values were evaluated. CIN; It was defined as an increase of 25% or 0.5 mg / dl compared to the basal value in serum creatinine measured 48-72 hours after the procedure.

Results: CIN was detected in 56 (15.6%) of all patients. Among the group with and without CIN; There was no difference between gender, amount of contrast material, pre-procedure eGFR, troponin and ejection fraction values. Only in the group with CIN, the patients were older and the number of hypertensive patients was significantly higher (Table 1). As a result of coronary angiography, medical follow-up was made for 46 (12.7%) patients, coronary stent in 271 (74.7%) and coronary bypass in 40 (11%) patients. In addition, in-hospital mortality was detected in 17 (4.7%) patients. HbA1c and fasting glucose levels were found significantly higher in the group developing CIN (6.1 ± 1.0 vs 5.5 ± 0.6, p