bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilization Study of a Contaminated Soil with Metal(loid)s Adding Different Low-Grade MgO Degrees
Authors: Giro-Paloma Jessica , Formosa Joan , Chimenos Josep M
Published: September 2020

Low-grade magnesium oxide (LG-MgO) was proposed as ordinary Portland cement (OPC) or lime substitute (CaO) for metal(loid)s remediation in contaminated soils. Some metal(loid)s precipitate at pH ≈ 9 in insoluble hydroxide form thus avoiding their leaching. LG-MgO avoids the re-dissolution of certain metal(loid)s at 9.0 < pH < 11.0 (pH-dependents), whose solubility depends on the pH. A highly contaminated soil with heavy metal(loid)s was stabilized using different LG-MgO by-products sources as stabilizing agents. Two of the three studied LG-MgOs were selected for the stabilization, by mixing 5, 10, and 15 wt.%. The effect of using LG-MgO not only depends on the size of the particles, but also on those impurities that are present in the LG-MgO samples. Particle size distribution, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, citric acid test, specific surface, bulk density, acid neutralization capacity, batch leaching tests (BLTs), and percolation column tests (PCTs) were techniques used to deeply characterize the different LG-MgO and the contaminated and remediated soils. The remediation’s results efficacy indicated that when the medium pH was between 9.0 and 11.0, the concentration of pH-dependent metal(loid)s decreases significantly. Although around 15 wt.% of a stabilizing agent was appropriate for the soil remediation to ensure an alkali reservoir that maintains optimal stabilization conditions for a long period, 5 wt.% of LG-MgO was enough to remedy the contaminated soil. When evaluating a polluted and decontaminated soil, both BLTs and PCTs should be complementary procedures.
Analysis of ASD Classrooms: Specialised Open Classrooms in the Community of Madrid
Authors: Vela Llauradó Esther , Martín Martínez Laura , Martín Cruz Inés
Published: September 2020

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) classrooms are specialised spaces within mainstream schools that respond to the educational needs of students with autism spectrum disorder. This research aims to analyse ASD classrooms in the Community of Madrid, their features and internal functioning. The research follows a non-experimental, descriptive and comparative methodology, making a comparison between different classrooms and analysing their impact on the teaching-learning process of students with ASD. The variables refer to the physical environment, the characteristics of the children, training of professionals and collaboration with other organisations. The data was gathered using a questionnaire in digital format, collecting responses from 35 schools, using quantitative techniques to relate variables. The results show that most classrooms have a structured organisation that meet the needs of the students, who are generally diagnosed with moderate severity. Furthermore, the relationship between the teachers of ASD classrooms and the mainstream classrooms promotes inclusive educational practice. Finally, it was found that ASD classrooms offer many benefits, due to the personalised attention they provide and the specialised training of teachers.
A New Parametric Life Family of Distributions: Properties, Copula and Modeling Failure and Service Times
Authors: Shrahili Mansour , Alotaibi Naif
Published: September 2020

A new family of probability distributions is defined and applied for modeling symmetric real-life datasets. Some new bivariate type G families using Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern copula, modified Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern copula, Clayton copula and Renyi’s entropy copula are derived. Moreover, some of its statistical properties are presented and studied. Next, the maximum likelihood estimation method is used. A graphical assessment based on biases and mean squared errors is introduced. Based on this assessment, the maximum likelihood method performs well and can be used for estimating the model parameters. Finally, two symmetric real-life applications to illustrate the importance and flexibility of the new family are proposed. The symmetricity of the real data is proved nonparametrically using the kernel density estimation method.
Fluid-Structure Interaction of Wind Turbine Blade Using Four Different Materials: Numerical Investigation
Authors: Roul Rajendra , Kumar Awadhesh
Published: September 2020

The interaction of a flexible system with a moving fluid gives rise to a wide variety of physical phenomena with applications in various engineering fields, such as aircraft wing stability, arterial blood progression, high structure reaction to winds, and turbine blade vibration. Both the structure and fluid need to be modeled to understand these physical phenomena. However, in line with the overall theme of this strength, the focus here is to investigate wind turbine aerodynamic and structural analysis by combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element analysis (FEA). One-way coupling is chosen for the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling. The investigation is carried out with the use of commercialized ANSYS applications. A total of eight different wind velocities and five different angles of pitch are considered in this analysis. The effect of pitch angles on the output of a wind turbine is also highlighted. The SST k-ω turbulence model has been used. A structural analysis investigation was also carried out and is carried out after importing the pressure load exerted from the aerodynamic analysis and subsequently finding performance parameters such as deformation and Von-Mises stress.
Open Mathematical Aspects of Continuum Thermodynamics: Hyperbolicity, Boundaries and Nonlinearities
Authors: Szücs Mátyás , Kovács Róbert , Simić Srboljub
Published: September 2020

Thermodynamics is continuously spreading in the engineering practice, which is especially true for non-equilibrium models in continuum problems. Although there are concepts and approaches beyond the classical knowledge, which are known for decades, their mathematical properties, and consequences of the generalizations are less-known and are still of high interest in current researches. Therefore, we found it essential to collect the most important and still open mathematical questions that are related to different continuum thermodynamic approaches. First, we start with the example of Classical Irreversible Thermodynamics (CIT) in order to provide the basis for the more general and complex frameworks, such as the Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics with Internal Variables (NET-IV) and Rational Extended Thermodynamics (RET). Here, we aim to present that each approach has its specific problems, such as how the initial and boundary conditions can be formulated, how the coefficients in the partial differential equations are connected to each other, and how it affects the appearance of nonlinearities. We present these properties and comparing the approach of NET-IV and RET to each other from these points of view. In the present work, we restrict ourselves on non-relativistic models.
Effects of Turbulent Environment on Self-Organized Critical Behavior: Isotropy vs. Anisotropy
Authors: Antonov Nikolay V. , Gulitskiy Nikolay M. , Kakin Polina I. , Kochnev German E.
Published: September 2020

We study a self-organized critical system under the influence of turbulent motion of the environment. The system is described by the anisotropic continuous stochastic equation proposed by Hwa and Kardar [Phys. Rev. Lett.62: 1813 (1989)]. The motion of the environment is modelled by the isotropic Kazantsev–Kraichnan “rapid-change” ensemble for an incompressible fluid: it is Gaussian with vanishing correlation time and the pair correlation function of the form ∝δ(t−t′)/kd+ξ, where k is the wave number and ξ is an arbitrary exponent with the most realistic values ξ=4/3 (Kolmogorov turbulence) and ξ→2 (Batchelor’s limit). Using the field-theoretic renormalization group, we find infrared attractive fixed points of the renormalization group equation associated with universality classes, i.e., with regimes of critical behavior. The most realistic values of the spatial dimension d=2 and the exponent ξ=4/3 correspond to the universality class of pure turbulent advection where the nonlinearity of the Hwa–Kardar (HK) equation is irrelevant. Nevertheless, the universality class where both the (anisotropic) nonlinearity of the HK equation and the (isotropic) advecting velocity field are relevant also exists for some values of the parameters ε=4−d and ξ. Depending on what terms (anisotropic, isotropic, or both) are relevant in specific universality class, different types of scaling behavior (ordinary one or generalized) are established.
Attenuated Influenza Virions Expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain Induce Neutralizing Antibodies in Mice
Authors: Loes Andrea , Gentles Lauren , Greaney Allison , Crawford Katharine , Bloom Jesse
Published: September 2020

An effective vaccine is essential for controlling the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we describe an influenza virus-based vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. We incorporated a membrane-anchored form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) in place of the neuraminidase (NA) coding sequence in an influenza virus also possessing a mutation that reduces the affinity of hemagglutinin for its sialic acid receptor. The resulting ΔNA(RBD)-Flu virus can be generated by reverse genetics and grown to high titers in cell culture. A single-dose intranasal inoculation of mice with ΔNA(RBD)-Flu elicits serum neutralizing antibody titers against SAR-CoV-2 comparable to those observed in humans following natural infection (~1:200). Furthermore, ΔNA(RBD)-Flu itself causes no apparent disease in mice. It might be possible to produce a vaccine similar to ΔNA(RBD)-Flu at scale by leveraging existing platforms for the production of influenza vaccines.
Ecology of Porcine Astrovirus Type 3 in a Herd with Associated Neurologic Disease
Authors: Rawal Gaurav , Ferreyra Franco Matias , Macedo Nubia R. , Bradner Laura K. , Harmon Karen M. , Allison Grant , Linhares Daniel C. L. , Arruda Bailey L.
Published: September 2020

Astroviruses (AstVs) cause disease in a wide variety of species. Porcine AstVs are highly genetically diverse and conventionally assigned to five genetic lineages (PoAstV1-5). Due to the increasing evidence that porcine astrovirus type 3 (PoAstV3) is a cause of encephalomyelitis in swine and to elucidate important ecologic characteristics, the infection dynamics and environmental distribution of PoAstV3 were investigated in a herd with PoAstV3-associated neurologic disease. Over a 22 week period, the frequency of PoAstV3 fecal shedding varied by pig and age. The peak detection by RT-qPCR of PoAstV3 on fecal swabs (95%; 61 of 64) occurred at 3 weeks of age. The lowest frequency of detection was at 21 weeks of age (4%; 2 of 47); however, the frequency increased to 41% (19 of 46) at the final sampling time point (25 weeks of age). Viremia was rare (0.9%: 4 of 433). Detection in oral fluid was consistent with 75% to 100% of samples positive at each time point. Pens and feeders also had a high rate of detection with a majority of samples positive at a majority of sampling time points. Based on the data presented, PoAstV3 can be consistently detected in the environment with a majority of pigs being infected and a subset intermittently shedding the virus in feces out to 25 weeks of age. These findings suggest the importance of as-yet unidentified risk factors associated with the development of PoAstV3-associated polioencephalomyelitis.
Avian Influenza Viruses Detected in Birds in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kalonda Annie , Saasa Ngonda , Nkhoma Panji , Kajihara Masahiro , Sawa Hirofumi , Takada Ayato , Simulundu Edgar
Published: September 2020

In the recent past, sub-Saharan Africa has not escaped the devastating effects of avian influenza virus (AIV) in poultry and wild birds. This systematic review describes the prevalence, spatiotemporal distribution, and virus subtypes detected in domestic and wild birds for the past two decades (2000–2019). We collected data from three electronic databases, PubMed, SpringerLink electronic journals and African Journals Online, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. A total of 1656 articles were reviewed, from which 68 were selected. An overall prevalence of 3.0% AIV in birds was observed. The prevalence varied between regions and ranged from 1.1% to 7.1%. The Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test showed no significant difference in the prevalence of AIV across regions, χ2(3) = 5.237, p = 0.1553 and seasons, T = 820, z = −1.244, p = 0.2136. Nineteen hemagglutinin/neuraminidase subtype combinations were detected during the reviewed period, with southern Africa recording more diverse AIV subtypes than other regions. The most detected subtype was H5N1, followed by H9N2, H5N2, H5N8 and H6N2. Whilst these predominant subtypes were mostly detected in domestic poultry, H1N6, H3N6, H4N6, H4N8, H9N1 and H11N9 were exclusively detected in wild birds. Meanwhile, H5N1, H5N2 and H5N8 were detected in both wild and domestic birds suggesting circulation of these subtypes among wild and domestic birds. Our findings provide critical information on the eco-epidemiology of AIVs that can be used to improve surveillance strategies for the prevention and control of avian influenza in sub-Saharan Africa.
Identification of the Immediate-Early Genes of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2
Authors: Tang Ruizhe , Lu Liqun , Wang Beiyang , Yu Jiao , Wang Hao
Published: September 2020

Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), which infects goldfish and crucian carp causing high mortality, is an emerging viral pathogen worldwide. The genome of CyHV-2 is large and comprises double-stranded DNA, including several genes similar to cyprinid herpesvirus 1, ictalurid herpesvirus-1, cyprinid herpesvirus 3, and ranid herpesvirus-1. Genes of DNA viruses are expressed in three temporal phases: immediate-early (IE), early (E), and late (L) genes. Viral IE genes initiate transcription as soon as the virus enters the host, without viral DNA replication. IE gene products enable the efficient expression of E and L genes or regulate the host to initiate virus replication. In the present study, five IE genes of CyHV-2 were identified, including open reading frame (ORF)54, ORF121, ORF141, ORF147, and ORF155. Time course analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed five IE genes, thirty-four E genes, and thirty-nine L genes. In addition, all 150 ORFs identified in the CyHV-2 genome are transcribed, and are expressed in chronological order, similar to other herpesviruses. This study is the first to identify the IE genes of CyHV-2, which will provide more information for viral molecular characterization.
Pathogenicity of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 to German Poultry
Authors: Holicki Cora M. , Michel Friederike , Vasić Ana , Fast Christine , Eiden Martin , Răileanu Cristian , Kampen Helge , Werner Doreen , Groschup Martin H. , Ziegler Ute
Published: September 2020

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus that originates from Africa and at present causes neurological disease in birds, horses, and humans all around the globe. As West Nile fever is an important zoonosis, the role of free-ranging domestic poultry as a source of infection for humans should be evaluated. This study examined the pathogenicity of an Italian WNV lineage 1 strain for domestic poultry (chickens, ducks, and geese) held in Germany. All three species were subcutaneously injected with WNV, and the most susceptible species was also inoculated via mosquito bite. All species developed various degrees of viremia, viral shedding (oropharyngeal and cloacal), virus accumulation, and pathomorphological lesions. Geese were most susceptible, displaying the highest viremia levels. The tested waterfowl, geese, and especially ducks proved to be ideal sentinel species for WNV due to their high antibody levels and relatively low blood viral loads. None of the three poultry species can function as a reservoir/amplifying host for WNV, as their viremia levels most likely do not suffice to infect feeding mosquitoes. Due to the recent appearance of WNV in Germany, future pathogenicity studies should also include local virus strains.
Modeling Novel Putative Drugs and Vaccine Candidates against Tick-Borne Pathogens: A Subtractive Proteomics Approach
Authors: Ali Abid , Ahmad Shabir , Wadood Abdul , Rehman Ashfaq U. , Zahid Hafsa , Qayash Khan Muhammad , Nawab Javed , Rahman Zia Ur , Alouffi Abdulaziz S.
Published: September 2020

Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) continuously causing substantial losses to the public and veterinary health sectors. The identification of putative drug targets and vaccine candidates is crucial to control TBPs. No information has been recorded on designing novel drug targets and vaccine candidates based on proteins. Subtractive proteomics is an in silico approach that utilizes extensive screening for the identification of novel drug targets or vaccine candidates based on the determination of potential target proteins available in a pathogen proteome that may be used effectively to control diseases caused by these infectious agents. The present study aimed to investigate novel drug targets and vaccine candidates by utilizing subtractive proteomics to scan the available proteomes of TBPs and predict essential and non-host homologous proteins required for the survival of these diseases causing agents. Subtractive proteome analysis revealed a list of fifteen essential, non-host homologous, and unique metabolic proteins in the complete proteome of selected pathogens. Among these therapeutic target proteins, three were excluded due to the presence in host gut metagenome, eleven were found to be highly potential drug targets, while only one was found as a potential vaccine candidate against TBPs. The present study may provide a foundation to design potential drug targets and vaccine candidates for the effective control of infections caused by TBPs.
Experimental Identification of Backbone Curves of Strongly Nonlinear Systems by Using Response-Controlled Stepped-Sine Testing (RCT)
Authors: Karaağaçlı Taylan , Özgüven H. Nevzat
Published: September 2020

In stepped-sine testing of strongly nonlinear structures with the classical force-control strategy, corrective force perturbations of a standard controller used to capture the reference signal in the proximity of turning points of frequency response curves may often lead to a premature jump before reaching the actual resonance peak. Accordingly, a classical force-control approach is not suitable to identify backbone curves of strongly nonlinear structures. This paper shows that currently available commercial modal test equipment can accurately identify backbone curves of strongly nonlinear structures by using Response-Controlled stepped-sine Testing (RCT) and the Harmonic Force Surface (HFS) concept, both recently proposed by the authors. These methods can be applied to systems where there are many nonlinearities at several different (and even unknown) locations. However, these techniques are not applicable to systems where internal resonances occur. In RCT, the displacement amplitude of the driving point, rather than the amplitude of the applied force, is kept constant during the stepped-sine testing. Spectra of the harmonic excitation force measured at several different displacement amplitude levels are used to build up a smooth HFS. Isocurves of constant amplitude forcing on the HFS lead to constant-force frequency response curves with accurately measured turning points and unstable branches (if there are any), which makes it possible to identify backbone curves of strongly nonlinear structures experimentally. The validation of the proposed approach is demonstrated with numerical and experimental case studies. A five degree-of-freedom (DOF) lumped system with five cubic stiffness elements, which create strong conservative nonlinearity, is used in the numerical example. Experimental case studies consist of a cantilever beam and a control fin actuation mechanism of a real missile structure. The cantilever beam is supported at its free-end by two metal strips constrained at both ends to create strong stiffening nonlinearity. The control fin actuation mechanism exhibits very complex and strong nonlinearity due to backlash and friction.
Influence of Salinity Gradient Changes on Phytoplankton Growth Caused by Sluice Construction in Yongjiang River Estuary Area
Authors: Yuan Menglin , Jiang Cuiling , Weng Xi , Zhang Manxue
Published: September 2020

Though the number of sluices and dams in coastal areas has increased rapidly in recent years, the influence of their construction on phytoplankton in estuary areas is hardly known. This paper aims to provide a reference for quantitative research on the ecological influence of sluice construction and give ecological justifications for the setting of environmental standards in the estuary areas. The survey data gained at the lower reach of the Yongjiang River and its estuarine areas in June 2015 were used in MIKE21 software (Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI), Denmark)) for establishing a two-dimensional numerical model to simulate the salinity field distribution after sluice construction. Based on the simulation results, the salinity gradient changes caused by the construction were analyzed. The one-dimensional Gaussian model was applied to calculated the phytoplankton’s ecological threshold interval over the salinity changes, which helped predict the influence of salinity changes on phytoplankton cell density. The study shows that salinity in the Yongjiang estuary increases obviously, beyond the phytoplankton ecological threshold, after sluice construction without water discharge. Salinity will become a restriction factor to phytoplankton growth after sluice construction in the study area, which may cause a sharp decrease of certain phytoplankton species.
கலைஞர் மு.கருணாநிதியின் திருக்குறள் உரைநெறிகள்
Authors: Sridevi P
Published: September 2020

Thirukural is a classic Tamil text consisting of 1330 couplets on virtues and wisdom. It is widely acclaimed for its universal appeal and it is the second most translated book. Thirukural is praised as the holy book for the world (pothumarai). Its all inclusivity, secular thoughts, humane values, worldly wisdom, thoughts on governance, and nature makes it a universal guide. It’s period dates back to 500 BCE and many scholars from parimelarazhagar to Solomon papaya have written commentaries for it. Of the commentaries, Thirukural Karunanidhi’s commentary holds a unique place owing to his Dravidian thoughts background. He applies various rhetorical devices and radical (Dravidian) thoughts to comment on the ancient verse.
எம்.வி. வெங்கட்ராம் கதைகளில் சமுதாய நோக்கு
Authors: Bama P
Published: September 2020

A community is a group of people living in a vast area fulfilling all their needs. Its noble purpose is to make the crowd live happily and orderly. Every common man should be well aware of political implications, economic issues, and scientific advances.The society needs to acquire knowledge in the above fields to prosper. After the birth of man, the individual becomes one with the society only by being subjected to the constructive plans of the society while doing many actions by the power of innumerable individuals like him. Societal elements are divided into five categories: family, government, education, language, and religion. Only when all these work together unselfishly can the social purpose be fully successful.
MELANOCITOSE ÓCULO-DERMAL: RISCO INERENTE OU EVITÁVEL?
Authors: REZENDE SAVIAN TIAGO , CANDIDA DE RESENDE FRAGA CAROLINA , LAÍSA CÂNDIDA DE RESENDE FRAGA ANA
Published: September 2020

Ocular melanocytosis is a congenital, unilateral pigment lesion that is a form of nevus. Nevus is located in the deep episclera, sclera and uveal tract and may manifest clinically as iris heterochromia, irregular smoked-gray or blue discoloration of the sclera, and increased pigmentation of the ipsilateral fundus. These patients are at higher risk of developing metastatic disease in the affected eye. If the nevus involves the periocular skin and the eye, the condition is known as dermal oculus melanocytosis (MOD). Through this research we have tried to describe why ocular melanocytosis, causes, diagnosis and treatments. In order to explain the theme and other descriptions and postulations, a narrative literature review was carried out of relevant information and definitions in articles and books.
Reseña de: Adrián Ascolani y Miguel Catalá. Humberto Volando. El líder agrario, Argentina 1964-1996. Buenos Aires: CICCUS, 2017, 336 páginas.
Authors: Carini Gabriel Fernando
Published: September 2020

El libro de Adrián Ascolani y Miguel Catalá recupera, a través de las intervenciones públicas reproducidas en la prensa agraria, la trayectoria gremial de unos de los principales dirigentes de la segunda mitad del siglo XX: Humberto Volando, productor ganadero de la provincia de Córdoba, que tuvo bajo su dirección los destinos de la Federación Agraria Argentina (en adelante, FAA). Podemos afirmar que este aporte se inscribe en una dilatada preocupación de miembros de dicha entidad por relatar los aspectos más sobresalientes de las gestiones de sus líderes.Muchas de estas visiones son institucionalizantes, puesto que contribuyen a fijar la memoria de la entidad y/o exaltar la figura de sus líderes ubicándolos en una suerte de “panteón”
Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Indonesia
Authors: Victor Andi Arus , Djatikusumo Ari , Elvioza Elvioza , Adriono Gitalisa Andayani , Yudantha Anggun Rama , Hutapea Mario Marbungaran
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the intraocular tissues and fluid, and an emergency in ophthalmology. One of the most common causes of endophthalmitis is post-traumatic endophthalmitis. Post-traumatic endophthalmitis has a poorer prognosis than post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. The immediate pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery in post-traumatic endophthalmitis is beneficial for optimizing of final visual.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of post-traumatic endophthalmitis patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy in the Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia from January 2017 – June 2017.

Result: There were twelve cases of post-traumatic endophthalmitis undergoes pars plana vitrectomy within the period of January 2017-June 2017. The most frequently identified causative organism was Staphylococcus (33,3%). There was an improvement of final visual acuity after the procedure of pars plana vitrectomy in 58.3% post-traumatic endophthalmitis patients.

Conclusion: Early PPV leads to vision improvement and maintains visual acuity in post-traumatic endophthalmitis.

Keywords: Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Endophthalmitis, Post-traumatic
The need for and use of modern pestetsidov feature in maize
Authors: Secun M. , Snizhko O.
Published: September 2020

The species composition of the most widespread weeds, pests and diseases in agrocenoses of maize in the zone of Western Polissia was studied. The effectiveness of timely implementation of cultural protection measures with the use of pesticides against the main pests ensures a grain yield of 9.39 t/ha.
Protection of potato against scab
Authors: Shovkun I.
Published: September 2020

The results of studies to determine the effectiveness of chemical and biological preparations for potato scab development are presented. Their positive influence on potato yield is shown. It has been established that the use of fungicides and biologics for the presowing treatment of tubers, somewhat limits the development of ordinary scab. The highest efficiency for two years of observations was noted with the use of fungicides Rovral Aquaflo 500 and Serkadis.
Efficiency of application of fungicides against dry spot potatoes
Authors: Bogdanovych S.
Published: September 2020

In the zone of the Northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the effectiveness of modern fungicides against the dry spotting of potatoes in different maturity varieties has been studied. It has been established that fungicides show a higher protective effect with their preventive application, before the appearance of the first signs of the disease. The highest technical efficiency of the studied varieties was characterized by fungicides of system-contact action Ridomil Gold MC 68WG 2.5 kg/ha and Concento 450 SC, 2.0 l/ha.
Formation of natural groups of epiphytic bacteria in fruit garden with recommended pesticide loading
Authors: Kopcha N.
Published: September 2020

Determined the total number of groups of epiphytic microbiota phyloplans of apple and pear in different phenological phases of growth which is in the range of 104—106 (cl/h) kidneys, flowers, leaves; taxonomic and species composition of the epiphytic microbiota. Established the peculiarities of formation of natural groups of epiphytic bacteria in fruit garden with recommended pesticide loading. The effect of difenoconazole and lambda-cyhalothrin pesticides and their mixtures on the epiphytic microbiote of the fruit is analyzed. Epiphytic bacteria are more susceptible to fungicide; the total number of groups of epiphytic microbiota was restored 10 to 20 days after using the pesticide. Epithelium bacteria of apple and pear are resistant to the action of lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide in the recommended standards.
GLP-1 Agonists Liraglutide Improved Vascular Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes Rats
Authors: X Li , W Wu , Y Wang , X Zhang , X Feng , R Liu
Published: September 2020

Objective: Liraglutide (LIRA), a Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, showed potential vascular protective effects with the mechanism remained incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether LIRA exerts its effect on vascular endothelial function in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via caveolin-1/ endothelial oxide synthase (eNOS) expression.

Methods: T2DM rats were used as study subjects and randomly divided into four groups: 1) Veh group, 2) Veh+LIRA group, 3) T2DM group, and 4) T2DM+LIRA group. All rats received either saline or LIRA 0.2 mg/kg (by i.p. injection) per day for 4 weeks. After the model was successfully established, vascular endothelial function was determined the effect of vasodilator to mesenteric artery rings. Immunofluorescence and western blot were performed to understand the molecular mechanism. Cultured HUVECs with small interfering RNA (siRNA) under high glucose (HG), NO concentration, and western blot were performed to understand the molecular mechanism between LIRA and vascular endothelial function.

Results: Based on our results, the LIRA reduced hyperglycemia and ameliorated vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice. LIRA activated eNOS phosphorylation, suppressing oxidative stress and enhancing endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries. Besides, from its anti-oxidative capacity, LIRA activated eNOS to dilate the mesenteric arteries via the downregulation of Cav-1.

Conclusion: LIRA ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus via anti-oxidative and activated eNOS by downregulated Cav-1.
Income-Related Mortality by Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: AJL Silva , PT Istilli , CRS Teixeira , RAD Lima , MCA Pereira , MMC Damasceno , RAC Garcia , AAS Calixto
Published: September 2020

This research aims to analyze income-related mortality by diabetes mellitus in a municipality inside the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, from 2010 to 2014. It is about an ecological study and temporal tendency, it was analyzed, descriptively and spatially, the income-related deaths by diabetes mellitus from 2010 to 2014. There were 583 deaths, mostly (55.06%) in sex female. It highlights, the negative spatial relation between the incomes of up to two minimum wages per capita and mortality rate by diabetes mellitus (I= -0.13). The southern region was identified as a protection area (RR= 0.39; 95%CI= 0.29-0.54) for the occurrence of mortality by diabetes mellitus in both sexes. It is hoped that the findings in this study may foster and guide prevention strategies, and health care advance for the low-income groups and residents in risk areas.
Analisis Pengaruh Konsumsi Buah Bit Terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III
Authors: Liananiar  , Harahap Fatma Sylvana Dewi , Liesmayani Elvi Era
Published: September 2020

Buah bit mampu merangsang, membangun, membersihkan, dan memperkuat sistem peredaran darah dan sel darah merah sehingga dapat membawa zat tubuh dan dapat mencegah kurangnya sel darah merah dalam tubuh. Hemoglobin merupakan bagian dari darah yang mengandung protein kaya zat besi. Kehamilan trimester III yaitu periode 3 bulan terakhir kehamilan yang dimulai pada minggu ke- 28 sampai minggu ke-40. Hasil survei yang dilakukan terhadap 50 orang ibu hamil didapatkan hasil yang memeriksa hemoglobin yaitu 30 dari 50 ibu hamil didapatkan hasil Hb ≥11 gr/dL. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar Hb ibu hamil trimester III di UPTD Puskesmas Jeumpa Kabupaten Bireuen Tahun 2019. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah True Experimental Design dengan pendekatan Pretest-Posttest Control Group Desaign. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 orang ibu hamil trimester III dengan jumpah sampel 24 orang, yaitu 12 responden untuk kelompok eksperimen dan 12 responden untuk kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan analisis uji t-test berpasangan pada kelompok eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa nilai p value adalah 0,002 hal ini berarti p < 0,05, maka terdapat perbedaan kadar hemoglobin yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin pre-test dan kadar hemoglobin post-test dengan mengkonsumsi buah bit. Bagi petugas kesehatan agar memberikan informasi kadar hemoglobin sebelum dan setelah pemberian buah bit pada ibu hamil agar dapat dijadikan dasar pengambilan keputusan dalam usaha meningkatkan kadar Hb dan mencegah kejadian anemia, referensi untuk membuat suatu produk ekstrak buah bit.
تطبيق الدراسة المقارنة البنية النحوية في تعلم القواعد واللغة العربية بجامعة الإسلامية السنية كنتشونج جمبر
Authors: Kafi Fina Aunul
Published: September 2020

In teaching Arabic a teacher needs special ways that can facilitate students to receive lessons. This particular method is based on the educational background of students, age, social, culture, factors of need and so forth. To formulate it, a comparative study between student language and the second language is studied. This formulation is very helpful for students in understanding and applying Arabic, which begins with a comparative study of the syntax of the two languages. This qualitative descriptive research results in the conclusion that students are able to apply certain sentences easily because the elements of similarity are preferred in learning them.
NILAI-NILAI KEPENDIDIKAN DALAM IBADAH HAJI
Authors: Ma'arif M. Jauharul
Published: September 2020

The Hajj is one of the pillars of Islam that must be implemented for people who can afford. Implementation of the pilgrimage involves three potential possessed by man: physical, spiritual and treasure. If internalized, the whole set of Hajj contains a lot of value, especially the value of education. With the pilgrimage, someone forged educated by Allah with a wide range of education to achieve self-perfection as a human being. After the pilgrimage, one will become human beings of all the necessary competence to face challenges and are expected to be probadi better quality than before Hajj.
Oksidentalisme ; Membuka Kedok Imperalisme Barat
Authors: Izza Yogi prana
Published: September 2020

Occidentalism is the opposite of orientalism. If Orientalism serves as a theory of knowledge that is used to study the eastern world (Islam), then the reverse is occidentalism is used to study the Western world. One of the initiators of Occidentalism figure is Hasan Hanafi. Through his Occidentalism theory, this paper seeks to unmask imperialism Dutch politics in Java in the 19th century and the beginning of 20. The result is a political culture that is used Dutch ancient times, same the patterns with contemporary politics in the present era. Thus, it is time, the reality of contemporary addressed wisely. As the purpose of Occidentalism’s Hassan Hanafi is to awaken people to the project called "atturast wa at-tajdid" (Heritage Civilization and Renewal) and the reality of the present (al-waqi ') can be addressed wisely by doing the reconstruction of the heritage of ancient civilizations (at-turast al-Qodim), as well as the position of al-ana confirmation before Western culture (al-Akhar)
PENYULUHAN AGAMA BERBASIS EKONOMI KEPADA MASYARAKAT PASCA PENUTUPAN LOKALISASI DI DUSUN KALISARI BANJARSARI TRUCUK BOJONEGORO
Authors: Bait Mulabil
Published: September 2020

Praktek prostitusi terselubung masih banyak terjadi di terjadi di daerah eks lokalisasi. Seperti halnya di daerah eks Lokalisari Banjarsari. Cara pandang masyarakat yang memandang PSK sebagai sampah masyarakat sebenarnya menjadi salah satu faktor yang menghambat agar tercapainya  harapan untuk sadar para PSK untuk keluar dari praktek prostitusi. Diperlukan kesadaran bersama (komunal) dari pasa PSK dan masyarakt yang ada disekitar eks lokalisasi untuk sama-sama menghilangkan praktek prostitusi.
BERBURU NOMER TOGEL DI MAKAM KERAMAT
Authors: Nihayah Hamidatun
Published: September 2020

“Bagi orang Islam-Jawa, ziarah ke makam keramat adalah suatu tradisi keberagamaan. Makam-makam keramat di kecamatan Jetis merupakan makam para wali dan makam orang-orang berjasa kepada masyarakat semasa hidupnya. Dalam melakukan ziarah ini, ada beberapa motivasi yang melatar belakanginya. Perilaku spiritualitas mencari berkah ini sesuai dengan anjuran agama namun ada yang salah dalam motivasi  yaitu untuk mencari nomer togel. Tulisan ini merangkum beberapa motivasi para penziarah di makam-makam keramat untuk mencari nomer togel. Mereka berkenyakinan orang yang diziarahi dalam makam tersebut adalah orang sakti. Sehingga ketika memohon nomer kepada orang yang diziarahi itu pasti tembus.  Dapat menjadi tolak balak, rezeki atau uang yang diperoleh dari hasil perjudian togel bisa barokah atau bermanfaat, dan dosa dari perjudian togel diampuni oleh Allah SAW.”
PERAN KOMITE MADRASAH DAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Manshur Ahmad
Published: September 2020

“The relationship of madrasah with society is essentially a very instrumental in fostering and developing personal growth of learners in madrasah, in this case madrasah as a social system is an integral part of the larger system of society. On the other hand, madrasah should support the achievement of community goals, especially education needs. Therefore, madrasah should also know clearly what the needs and circumstances of society, especially against madrasah. The cause of the low quality of education in Indonesia certainly can not be separated from the role and leadership of a teacher as top leadernya. The madrasah committee has an important role as a giver of balance, support, control, and as a mediator between government and society in educational units. Head of madrasah as top leader in Islamic education institution hence head of madrasah of course have role of strategy in influencing all stakeholder of madrasah to reach goal of education of Islam. Together the madrasah committee and the head of madrasah in improving the quality of Islamic education in madrasah.”
HUKUM FIKIH ITU LUWES (AL-MURU<NAH): MENUJU TERCIPTANYA HUKUM FIKIH KAWASAN (IQLIMI)
Authors: Hambali Mohammad Ridlwan
Published: September 2020

“Manusia sebagai makhluk sosial akan selalu terikat dengan norma-norma budaya dan tradisi yang mengelilinginya. Hukum dan manusia akan berjalan seiring bersama-sama mengarungi kehidupan yang ideal yang diidam-idamkan. Sayangnya, banyak terjadi anomali di sana sini; hukum tidak lagi sejalan lurus dengan perilaku manusia. Apalagi bila kita bandingkan dengan kemajuan teknologi yang dicipta oleh manusia, hukum sering tertinggal terutama hukum agama. Metode peningkatan dan pengembangan hukum yang biasa kita sebut dengan institusi ijtihad ini yang perlu kita tingkatka dengan tetap memperhatikan nilai-nilai lokal, nilai-nilai setempat yang menjadi kerangka lajunya kehidupan manusia.”

Kata kunci: Fikih, iqlimy, Luwes
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTIK PEMBIAYAAN MODAL NIKAH DENGAN SISTEM MUDHARABAH DI BMT UAS CABANG BOJONEGORO
Authors: CAHYONO EKO ARIF
Published: September 2020

The development of sharia financial institutions in the last decade shows significant acceleration and development, one of the financing products in LKS is a financing product with mudaraba system. Mudharabah financing is a financing disbursed by the owner of the fund or LKS to the fund manager to conduct productive business with profit sharing based on the ratio agreed upon at the beginning of the contract. But in practice in BMT UAS Branch Bojonegoro in indication of abuse occurred in the use of financing with mudharabah system, which mudharabah financing should be used for working capital or productive business capital is actually used for own consumption as marital capital.

The type of research used is qualitative research through interpretive case study, namely systematic analysis to understand in depth about the organization or object under study. This research was conducted on BMT UAS Branch Bojonegoro with data collecting method in the form of interview to leader, manager, staff, and customer of BMT UAS and analyze document obtained by researcher from document or written source provided by BMT UAS Branch Bojonegoro

From the results of this study can be found that 1) Mudharabah financing practices used by BMT UAS Branch Bojonegoro as financing of marriage capital, where BMT acts as a giver of capital (shahibul maal) while customers who borrow funds for married capital act as a capital manager (mudharib) . 2) According to fiqh muamalah financing with mudharabah system provided by BMT UAS Branch Bojonegoro for marriage capital is not appropriate because it is not in accordance with harmonious and mudharabah terms, especially that become mudarabah object.3) The system of results applied is not in accordance with the theory mudaraba, where the agreed profit sharing is the profit from the member's business rather than the financing amount.
IMPLEMENTASI TQM (TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT) PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rouf Muhammad
Published: September 2020

“School/madrasah as an educational institution is an institution that serves as an agent of change to solve the nation's problems. Therefore, in order to produce the quality of education, it is necessary to implement the concept of TQM (Total Quality Management) that in history has successfully led the business world in creating production quality best and can even exceed the satisfaction of customers standard. This study used a qualitative approach with methods of library research. The formulation of the problem involves understanding implementation of TQM, TQM in education, implementation of TQM principles in educational institutions, the pillars of TQM in educational institutions, measures the implementation of TQM in education and description of the failure in the implementation of TQM. The study results were obtained, among others; The first, implementation of total quality management (TQM) is an implementation or embodiment of a management concept that involves all components in the organization to jointly contribute to the organization's policies oriented to the improvement of product quality to customer satisfaction. Second, in educational institutions, implementation of TQM are used to improve administrative functions and operations, to manage the educational process as a whole, integrate TQM in the curriculum, the use of TQM in teaching methods in the classroom, the use of TQM for managing research and development activities. In addition, educators must be responsible for their duties proactively, they must develop a problem-solving process that makes sense and can identify and towards the main cause, capable of being the organization model and can measure what's working well and what is not, so that we will get a good system in institutional schools / madrasah. Third, in applying TQM, there are some principles that should be held, among others; focusing on consumers (users of educational services), broad involvement (teachers, staff, students, and community), their measurements, to understand education as a system, and their continuous improvement. Fourth, the five main pillars of TQM here are their products, relying on the process undertaken, the leader who moves in producing quality products, and a commitment among the leaders in the organization. Fifth, steps in implementing TQM in educational institutions include; the preparatory phase, the planning phase and the implementation phase. Sixth, the failure may occur in implementing TQM in educational institutions, if; there is a gap in the commitment of top management, one focus of attention, lack of adequate staff and support, relying solely training, the hope of obtaining results of a moment and force adopt a method that doesn’t comply with the requirement.”
PERGESERAN PADA KATA PINJAMAN BAHASA ARAB DI KOMUNITAS ARAB
Authors: Nisa Adisti Nur Inayah
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pergeseran bahasa Arab di kampung Arab yang mana lebih difokuskan pada kata pinjaman.Teori yang digunakan yaitu Teori language borrowing yang dikemukakan oleh Eunar Haugen. Metode dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik yang digunakan yaitu teknik rekam, simak libat cakap dan catat dan teknik pancing. Metode dan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif dan interpretasi. Metode dan teknik penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode formal dan informal. Hasil penelitian yaitu, ditemukan kata pinjaman dalam bahasa Arab sesuai dengan teori eunar haugen. Kategori pertama yaitu analisis mengenai loan word, dalam bahasa Arab ditemukan kata pinjaman loanword, yaitu: أبي (abi), أمي (ummi), هدية (hadiyah), , زوجة (zaujah), احسن (ahsan) sedangkan loanshift terbagi menjadi tiga yaitu loan homonym, sinonimdan translation. Adapun contoh loan homonym yaitu: هوي (hawi), فضول (fudhul), شغل (syughul), loan sinonim yaitu: عفوا (áfwan), قم (qum) dan yang terakhir adalah loan translation, contohnya yaitu سوِاّء (sawak) Dan yang terakhir pinjaman yang termauk loanblend adalah رجل (rijal), يس (yasin), قهوة  (qahwah), خير (khair), بيت ( bait). Kesimpulannya yaitu pergeseran bahasa ini bisa terjadi dikarenakan adanya pengaruh dialek buleleng selain itu juga, pengaruh bahasa Indonesia juga sangat besar  untuk merubah kosa-kata dalam bahasa Arab.
الحوادث التى تقع يوم القيامة وتذكر في القرآن الكريم
Authors: Fransisca Malia
Published: September 2020

Doomsday is divided into two: Sughro Doomsday and Kubro. Sughro doomsday like death, accidents, illness, etc. Kubro doomsday happen when the earth is shaken with fierce, all of the material the earth out, destroyed all of the universe. After that there is no life in the world. because life is actually going to happen in the hereafter. At the end of days coming, people running around like flying white ant. They are confused don’t know where they are going. The sky split. The ocean overflows. The mountains were destroyed all the way to dust. They are afraid of this terrible situation. They left and forget all valuable things, because at the time that can only help them is charity of their deeds, not possessions or property the other in the form of earthly.