bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realizations of free actions via their fixed point algebras
Authors: Schwieger Kay , Wagner Stefan
Published: January 2025

Let G be a compact group, let

$\mathcal {B}$

be a unital C

$^*$

-algebra, and let

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

be a free C

$^*$

-dynamical system, in the sense of Ellwood, with fixed point algebra

$\mathcal {B}$

. We prove that

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

can be realized as the G-continuous part of the invariants of an equivariant coaction of G on a corner of

$\mathcal {B} \otimes {\mathcal {K}}({\mathfrak {H}})$

for a certain Hilbert space

${\mathfrak {H}}$

that arises from the freeness of the action. This extends a result by Wassermann for free and ergodic C

$^*$

-dynamical systems. As an application, we show that any faithful

$^*$

-representation of

$\mathcal {B}$

on a Hilbert space

${\mathfrak {H}}_{\mathcal {B}}$

gives rise to a faithful covariant representation of

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

on some truncation of

${\mathfrak {H}}_{\mathcal {B}} \otimes {\mathfrak {H}}$

.
Association between psychophysically measured olfactory dysfunction and mental health status in long COVID patients
Authors: Boscolo-Rizzo P , Zandonella Callegher R , Cancellieri E , Pellegrini L , Tirelli G , Albert U
Published: January 2025

Background: Long COVID frequently presents with persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD), affecting both physical and psychological
well-being. This study aims to evaluate the mental health consequences of OD in long COVID patients.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study involved 86 adult patients. Participants presented OD for at least three months post-COVID-
19 and were evaluated using the extended battery of Sniffin’ Sticks test (SST). Psychological assessments included the Impact
of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Quality of
Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q).
Results: Significant differences in mental health factors were observed between patients with and without OD: in comparison
to normosmic patients, hyposmic patients showed higher IES-R Total, Avoidance, and Hyperarousal scores, along with increased
DASS-21 Anxiety scores and BHS total scores.
Conclusions: OD in long COVID patients were significantly associated with increased post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety
symptoms and hopelessness, and with lower quality of life. Limited sample size, inability to determine causation and exploratory
nature of the study may limit the generalizability of results. Comprehensive management addressing both physical and mental
health should be assessed in long COVID patients.
Analisisis Manajemen Hazard Sisi Jalan Frontage Road Sisi Timur Jalan Ahmad Yani Surabaya
Authors: Rahayu Yoanita , Christianto Melvern Darren
Published: January 2025

Increased activity in a city should be accompanied by the provision of adequate and safe road infrastructure. Ahmad Yani Road has a high accident rate. The problem became important and urgent due to the increasing number of accidents that occured after the construction of the frontage road on Ahmad Yani Road. This study uses a descriptive analysis approach with remote sensing using Google Earth imagery. The road section observed was 3.803 meters long with the analysis boundary on the east side. Results of the analysis carried out, several objects/objects were identified as hazards, including tree branches, iron poles on the right side of the road, and no road boundary lines. Regarding road equipment in the form of markings, signs and delineations, it is well monitored and complete. There is a safety fence that is 15 meters long and has a rigid nature. The fence is made to cover the sewers or pipes so that there are no road accidents in the area.
Analisis Pemilihan Rute Evakuasi Menggunakan Metode AHP Di Kawasan Rawan Bencana Merapi
Authors: Fida Ismaili Abul , Eka Apsari Ayudyah , Wahyu Adhi Bagas , Wahyu Hidayat Dwi
Published: January 2025

Evacuation routes are important component during evacuation process, but sometimes the evacuation route conditions are not ready to use for evacuation. The good evacuation route can be seen from various aspects including width, pavement conditions and associated with the load or density during the evacuation process. An evacuation route need to optimize, but it is very difficult, due to time and cost constraints that cause not all available routes become good choices during evacuation. So it is necessary to select a good route for evacuation. In this study, the best evacuation routes are select using AHP method to analyze the priority of evacuation route. The criteria including the shortest distance and pavement conditions. Of the 20 available routes, seven routes are becomes recommended evacuation route. This research provides practical recommendations for improving road conditions and increasing capacity on specific routes to enhance evacuation efficiency in the disaster-prone areas of Merapi.
Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones Using GIS and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Parts of Varanasi and Chandauli Districts
Authors: Tripathi Pooja , Pratap Birendra , Tiwari Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Rajnish , Maddheshiya Sandeep , Shukla Purnendu Shekhar , Ashraf Mohammad
Published: January 2025

This study employs Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to delineate groundwater potential zones. Various thematic layers, including geomorphology, land use and land cover, geology, rainfall, slope, soil composition, drainage density, and the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), were integrated using a weighted linear combination in the GIS platform’s spatial analyst tool. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assign different ranks to these layers and their sublayers. Groundwater potential zones were categorized as poor (16.54%, 96.25 km²), moderate (67.20%, 391.13 km²), and good (16.26%, 94.62 km²). Validation involved observing water levels in various wells within the study area, with the results’ reliability assessed using a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, demonstrating an accuracy of 88%. The study area faces rapid urbanization and industrialization, stressing the aquifer’s groundwater availability. Identifying groundwater potential zones is thus crucial for effective groundwater development and management.
Assessing the Climate Change Impacts in the Jhelum Basin of North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Ahmed R. , Saleem S. , Shamim T. , Javaid S. , Malik I. H. , Rather A. F. , Wani G. F. , Bhat A. , Wani T. A.
Published: January 2025

Climate change, a critical global environmental crisis, profoundly impacts ecosystems, particularly in regions with delicate environmental balances. This study focuses on the Jhelum basin in the north-western Himalayas, examining the extensive effects of climate change on glaciers, snow cover, land use and land cover (LULC), land surface temperature (LST), water resources, and natural hazards. Rising temperatures have accelerated glacier melting and altered precipitation patterns, with significant implications for local water supplies and agriculture. The study analyses climate data from the Indian Meteorological Department (1990 to 2020), revealing increasing trends in both maximum and minimum temperatures, alongside variable precipitation trends across different locations. The retreat of glaciers and the expansion of glacial lakes have been observed, with lower-elevation glaciers showing the most significant reduction. LULC changes indicate a shift from agricultural land to settlements and horticulture, while LST has risen, particularly in urbanized areas, reflecting the impact of urbanization and climate change. Furthermore, the increased frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods and landslides, exacerbates the region’s vulnerability, threatening infrastructure, biodiversity, and local communities. The findings highlight the necessity of comprehensive, integrated approaches to address climate change and ensure the resilience of the Jhelum basin. This research contributes valuable insights into the region’s changing environmental dynamics, essential for informed decision-making and effective adaptation strategies in response to the ongoing climate crisis.
Geospatial Assessment of Soil Erosion Using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation in Hirshabelle State of Somalia
Authors: Nur Abdiaziz Hassan , Hasan Md. Faruq , Sarmin Susmita , Shahin Atia , Mohamed Abdinasir Abdullahi , Ahmed Ali Hussein
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to provide a thorough assessment of soil erosion in the Hirshabelle state from 2020 to 2023, utilizing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and advanced geospatial technologies, particularly Google Earth Engine, to guide sustainable land management strategies. The study integrates multiple datasets, including CHIRPS for rainfall measurement, MODIS for land use analysis, and a digital elevation model for slope calculation, to offer a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to soil erosion. The rainfall erosivity (R) factor is calculated using CHIRPS data, while the soil erodibility (K-factor) is derived from the soil dataset. The topographic condition (LS-factor) is computed using the digital elevation model, and the cover-management (C) and support practice (P) factors are determined from the NDVI and land use data, respectively. The findings reveal considerable spatial variation in soil erosion across the Hirshabelle state. The results are categorized into five levels based on the severity of soil loss: very low (<5), low (5-10), moderate (10-20), high (20-40), and very high (≥40). While areas classified under “very low” soil loss are dominant, indicating relatively stable soils, regions under “very high” soil loss signal potential land degradation and the need for immediate intervention. Furthermore, the study revealed the intricate interplay of slope, vegetation, and land use in influencing soil erosion. Areas with steeper slopes and less vegetation were more susceptible to soil loss, emphasizing the need for targeted soil conservation measures in these regions. The land use factor played a crucial role, with certain land uses contributing more to soil erosion than others.
Assessing Tourists’ Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Tourism in Petra, a Contingent Valuation Study
Authors: Abuamoud I. N.
Published: January 2025

Tourism is a vital economic sector globally, but its growth has raised concerns about its environmental impact. The study utilized the Contingent Valuation Method and Willingness to Pay to estimate additional costs tourists would pay for sustainable tourism in Petra. A survey of 446 international tourists examined their willingness to pay higher fees for improved services, providing insights into sustainable tourism management and pricing policies. Results reveal a positive inclination towards sustainable practices, with a majority expressing willingness to pay additional fees for entry, accommodation in eco-lodges, and electric transportation services within Petra. Cultural preservation also emerged as a priority, with tourists willing to pay for cultural events and donate towards site maintenance. However, interest in culinary experiences and professional photography services was comparatively lower. Regression analyses indicate age and marital status as significant predictors of WTP, emphasizing the importance of tailored marketing strategies. Recommendations include diversifying revenue streams, integrating cultural experiences, and fostering collaborations between stakeholders to promote sustainable tourism practices. This study contributes to understanding tourists’ preferences and behaviors regarding sustainable tourism, offering insights for the management and marketing of heritage sites like Petra while balancing economic growth with environmental conservation.
Evaluating the Tolerance and Dust Capturing Capacity of Tree Species Affected by Coal Dust Polluted Area
Authors: . Kamesh , Singh Brijendra Pratap , Misra Shailly , . Ramesh
Published: January 2025

The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of any plant shows the tolerance capacity of plant against the air pollution. The present study exhibited the APTI and API of twenty-two trees present on the roadside coal dust-affected air pollution area of Chhal, Raigarh. APTI consists of the analysis of leaf extract pH, relative water content, total chlorophyll content, and ascorbic acid of leaves while the API consists of the APTI values of trees, morphological characteristics, and socio-economic attributes of trees. The leaf extract pH was observed to range from 6.61±0.11 - 3.28±0.11, relative water content from 95.4±0.4 - 83±0.89 %, total chlorophyll content from 1.16±0.06 - 0.385±0.04 mg g-1 and ascorbic acid from 30.54±0.67 - 10.61±0.84 mg g-1. The highest APTI was 30.88±0.75 for Tectona grandis while the lowest was observed 15.58±0.54 for Alstonia scholaris. The highest API value 93.75% for Shorea robusta and Ficus religiosa was observed. The maximum dust held by a tree on the leaf surface by Shorea robusta (3.18±0.09 mg cm-2) was recorded. Shorea robusta, Mangifera indica, Schleichera oleosa, Terminalia ballerica, Ficus benghalensis, Anthocephalus cadamba, Ficus religiosa, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Madhuca indica, and Terminalia tomentosa are best performers among the selected tree species and suitable for the plantation of trees surrounding of air polluted zones.
A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Bioremediation in Heavy Metal Contamination
Authors: Rajput Princy , Benjwal Shashank , Pandey Rohit
Published: January 2025

Heavy metal contamination, along with other pollutants, presents significant environmental hazards. These substances not only endanger human health but also disrupt natural ecosystem. Bioremediation emerges as a sustainable and economically viable approach to tackling pollution. It harnesses the capabilities of microorganisms, plants, and their enzymes to degrade or neutralize pollutants. This paper categorizes bioremediation into two primary types: ex-situ and in-situ. Ex-situ bioremediation treats contaminated material away from its original location, while in-situ bioremediation addresses contamination directly at the site. This paper also explores how microbes tolerate heavy metals through various mechanisms. These mechanisms encompass extracellular barriers, efflux pumps, enzymatic reduction, and intracellular sequestration. Extracellular barriers function to block the entry of metals into the cell, whereas efflux pumps work actively to expel metals from the cell. Enzymatic reduction facilitates the conversion of metals into less harmful forms, while intracellular sequestration involves storing metals within the cell. Moreover, the paper examines diverse applications of bioremediation in environmental restoration. These applications encompass natural attenuation, enhanced reductive dechlorination, sewage treatment, bioleaching, biosorption, constructed wetlands, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation. This paper emphasizes the need for further research to optimize bioremediation technologies for broader real-world environmental management applications.
Seasonal Variations in Microplastic Abundance and Removal Efficiency in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Eknai M. , Leungprasert S. , Tungsudjawong K.
Published: January 2025

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are significant contributors to the release of microplastics into aquatic environments. Due to the limited information available in Thailand, examining microplastics from WWTPs could assist the Thai government in establishing guidelines for future microplastic control. This study identified microplastics in various WWTPs across Bangkok, Thailand, during two seasons: the dry period (February to May 2022) and the wet period (June to October 2022). The findings revealed a higher abundance of microplastics during the wet season compared to the dry season. In both influent and effluent, fibers were the predominant shape, making up approximately 86.65% during the dry period and 94.37% during the wet period. Fragments, films, granules, and foam were also detected in all samples. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) were the most common polymers present in the microplastic samples. The study also highlighted that the removal efficiency of microplastics from WWTPs ranged from 16.7% to 85.4% during the dry period and from 27.6% to 81.0% during the wet period. These results underscore the importance of long-term monitoring and quantification of microplastics in different WWTP systems in Bangkok. This data can be utilized to estimate microplastic loading in WWTPs and develop effective strategies for microplastic removal from wastewater.
Unveiling Optimal Conditions for Phenol Degradation: Response Surface Methodology and ANOVA Analysis of ZnO and Ag-Doped ZnO Photocatalysts
Authors: Mohan G. , Meenachi S. , Kiruthika K. , Kirthiga D.
Published: January 2025

This research explores the effectiveness of ZnO and Ag-doped ZnO photocatalysts in degrading organic pollutants, specifically focusing on phenol removal in wastewater treatment. The catalysts were synthesized using sol-gel and precipitation methods and characterized through XRD, SEM, and EDX analyses. The study assessed the degradation efficiency of phenol under various conditions, including different catalyst dosages, irradiation times, and initial phenol concentrations. UV-vis spectroscopy was used to measure degradation efficiency, revealing significant differences between the two catalysts. Ag-doped ZnO showed superior performance, achieving degradation efficiencies of over 90%, compared to ZnO’s 60-70%. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), identified key factors influencing degradation efficiency. The enhanced performance of Ag-doped ZnO was attributed to its narrower band gap energy and improved irradiation responsiveness. These findings indicate that Ag-doped ZnO is a promising candidate for efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment, offering a robust solution for removing organic impurities and supporting environmental preservation. This research provides valuable insights into advanced photocatalytic processes and sets the stage for future wastewater treatment innovations.
Reviewing the Impact of Earthquakes on Flood Occurrence: Insights from Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Sharir K. , Roslee R.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the trends and processes of flooding in Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia, following the 2015 Ranau Earthquake. The earthquake caused landslides that altered river systems and significantly impacted flood patterns. Using an interdisciplinary methodology, we examined geological processes, river morphology, sediment dynamics, and erosion mechanisms to understand the correlation between geological forces and flooding. The investigation spanned a decade (2010-2020), revealing an increase in flood incidents post-earthquake. Key findings include the impact of sediment dynamics on river behavior, the role of river morphology, and the importance of erosion and sedimentation in flood timing. This research offers valuable insights into disaster management strategies, emphasizing the need for understanding geological influences on flood susceptibility.
Efficient Removal of Congo Red Dye Using Activated Carbon Derived from Mixed Fish Scales Waste: Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies
Authors: Nakro Vevosa , Ao Ketiyala , Lotha Tsenbeni N. , Ao Imkongyanger , Rudithongru Lemzila , Pongener Chubaakum , Aier Merangmenla , Supong Aola , Jamir Latonglila
Published: January 2025

The discharge of large quantities of organic dyes into the environment causes significant harm to humans and the environment. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop cost-effective adsorbents for removing these dyes. In the present study, the synthesis of activated carbon (AC) derived from mixed fish scale waste using KOH activation was investigated for Congo red (CR) dye removal. The finding shows that the obtained biocarbon has a fixed carbon of 42.9% with a crystallinity index of 15.01%. N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm was found to be type IV, signifying mesoporous structure with a surface area and total pore volume of 150.049 m2 g-1 and 0.119 cm3.g-1. Batch adsorption was carried out by various adsorbent doses, initial concentration, contact time, and pH to comprehend the effect of operating parameters on its removal efficacy. The isotherm studies fitted well for Freundlich with an R2 of 0.99%. Adsorption kinetics was best fitted by the pseudo-second-order model and thermodynamic studies revealed the adsorption process to be exothermic and spontaneous. The efficiency of AC was also studied by an amount of sorption and desorption cycles which showed its potential for reusability up to the sixth cycle. Thus, the findings suggest that activated carbon derived from mixed fish scale waste is a promising adsorbent for removing Congo red dye from aqueous solutions.
Utilization of Plastic Waste and Dry leaves in Brick Manufacturing
Authors: Muthupriya P. , Kumar B. Vignesh
Published: January 2025

The utilization of plastic waste and dry leaves in bricks is a sustainable approach to reducing environmental pollution and managing waste. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of incorporating plastic wastes and dry leaves into the manufacturing of bricks, as well as the potential benefits of using such bricks. The study involves the collection of plastic wastes and dry leaves, sorting and cleaning them before mixing them with clay, sand, and cement in varying proportions. The mixtures are then compressed and molded into bricks, which are allowed to dry and cure before being tested for their physical and mechanical properties. To create plastic soil blocks, the soil was added to the molten plastic paste along with dry leaves in the following ratios: 1.5:1.5:0.5 (plastic, soil, and dry leaves, respectively). Results of the study showed that the inclusion of plastic wastes and dry leaves in brick production can lead to significant improvements in properties such as compressive strength, water absorption, and durability. Furthermore, the use of such bricks can help to reduce the amount of plastic waste and dry leaves in the environment, and also provide a sustainable alternative to traditional bricks that use finite natural resources. In conclusion, the utilization of plastic wastes and dry leaves in bricks is a promising approach toward sustainable construction. Further research is needed to optimize the proportions of the materials used and to investigate the long-term durability of the bricks under different environmental conditions.
Application of Graphene and Chitosan in Water Splitting/Catalysis
Authors: Iqbal Nimra , Ali Shaukat , Chaudhry Asif Hanif , Sial Nosheen , Abbas Zaidi Syed Asim , Murtaza Waqar Ahmad , Shabbir Shumaila
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the applications of graphene and chitosan in water splitting and catalysis, focusing on their unique properties and synergistic effects. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to examine their roles in photocatalytic activity and environmental remediation. Graphene, known for its high surface area and conductivity, was analyzed for its ability to enhance charge separation and light harvesting through doping and hybridization with metal nanoparticles. Similarly, chitosan’s biopolymeric nature and strong affinity for transition metals were evaluated for their utility in enzymatic and catalytic applications. Results indicate that graphene’s photocatalytic performance can be significantly improved through doping and functionalization, while chitosan proves effective in wastewater treatment and as a polymeric support for catalysts. The study concludes that the combined use of graphene and chitosan offers promising potential for advancing sustainable energy solutions and environmental technologies.
Vasculite crioglobulinêmica
Authors: Teixeira Carlos Eduardo Garcez , Del Rio Ana Paula Toledo , Sachetto Zoraida
Published: January 2025

As crioglobulinas são proteínas que precipitam do soro ou plasma em temperaturas inferiores a 37°C, podendo ser compostas por uma mistura de imunoglobulinas e componentes do complemento ou apenas imunoglobulinas. A presença assintomática dessas proteínas é denominada crioglobulinemia. No entanto, em determinadas condições, as crioglobulinas podem se depositar nos vasos sanguíneos de pequeno a médio calibre, causando lesões endoteliais e danos orgânicos, configurando a vasculite crioglobulinêmica (VasCrio). Clinicamente, a VasCrio pode se manifestar como úlceras cutâneas, artralgia, glomerulonefrite, neuropatia e púrpura. A infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV) está associada à maioria dos casos de crioglobulinemia, enquanto outros agentes virais, como o vírus da hepatite B (HBV) e o HIV, são responsáveis por uma proporção menor dos casos. Além disso, doenças reumáticas imunomediadas, como lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, síndrome de Sjögren e artrite reumatoide, também podem cursar com crioglobulinemia. O tratamento da VasCrio deve ser individualizado com base na etiologia subjacente, na gravidade do envolvimento orgânico e na condição associada. Atualmente, os principais pilares terapêuticos incluem os antivirais de ação direta (para a VasCrio associada ao HCV) e terapias direcionadas às células B, como rituximabe, que tem demonstrado eficácia em diversas manifestações graves da doença.

Unitermos: crioglobulinemia; vasculite sistêmica; imunoglobulinas; rituximabe; doenças reumáticas.
FENOMENA JUDI ONLINE DAN PINJAMAN ONLINE DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI HUKUM : PENCUCIAN UANG MELALUI PINJAMAN ONLINE
Authors: Sebayang Dedek Kurnia , Agusmidah Agusmidah
Published: January 2025

Fenomena judi online dan pencucian uang melalui pinjaman online telah menjadi isu serius di Indonesia, yang menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara norma sosial dan hukum positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena tersebut melalui pendekatan sosiologi hukum guna memahami bagaimana celah dalam regulasi dan perkembangan teknologi finansial dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku kejahatan. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dan pendekatan normatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kurangnya respons hukum terhadap perkembangan teknologi digital membuat pelaku kejahatan leluasa menggunakan layanan pinjaman online sebagai sarana pencucian uang. Ketertinggalan hukum ini diperburuk oleh rendahnya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap penegakan hukum, yang dapat mendorong ketidakpatuhan sosial. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini meliputi reformasi regulasi pada UU ITE dan KUHP untuk lebih efektif dalam menangani kejahatan digital, peningkatan edukasi masyarakat mengenai risiko judi online dan pinjaman online ilegal, serta kolaborasi internasional dalam penegakan hukum terhadap kejahatan lintas batas. Dengan reformasi yang responsif terhadap aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan teknologi, hukum dapat berfungsi lebih efektif sebagai pengendali sosial di era digital.
UPAYA PEKERJA ATAS UPAH LEMBUR YANG TIDAK DIBAYARKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN
Authors: Sari Wiwit Juliana , Kurniati Yeti , Kustiara Imaniar
Published: January 2025

Masalah tidak dibayarkannya upah lembur pekerja merupakan salah satu pelanggaran hak ketenagakerjaan yang sering terjadi di Indonesia, meskipun regulasi yang mengatur tentang hal ini sudah cukup jelas. Kurangnya pengawasan, rendahnya kesadaran hukum di kalangan pekerja, serta ketidakpatuhan perusahaan terhadap peraturan menjadi penyebab utama ketidakadilan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan tidak dibayarkannya upah lembur serta mengevaluasi solusi yang dapat ditempuh untuk melindungi hak pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, pendekatan yuridis normatif adalah penelitian terhadap sistematika hukum, yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengadakan identifikasi terhada pengertian-pengertian atau dasar dalam hukum, seperti Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 36 Tahun 2021, dan Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2004, serta tinjauan data faktual yang relevan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama yang menyebabkan tidak dibayarkannya upah lembur mencakup lemahnya pengawasan pemerintah, kontrak kerja yang tidak transparan, budaya kerja yang tidak mendukung pembayaran lembur, serta ketidakmampuan ekonomi perusahaan. Selain itu, ketidakjelasan sistem pengupahan dan kurangnya pemahaman pekerja terhadap hak-hak mereka juga memperburuk situasi ini. Penelitian ini menyarankan penguatan pengawasan ketenagakerjaan, peningkatan kesadaran hukum pekerja, pemberlakuan sanksi yang lebih tegas, serta penguatan peran serikat pekerja sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kerjasama antara pemerintah, perusahaan, dan serikat pekerja untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang adil dan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, sehingga hak pekerja atas upah lembur dapat terlindungi dengan lebih baik.
Tanggungjawab Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Konsumen yang Mengalami Kerugian Terhadap Makanan Kadarluarsa
Authors: Sirait Rian Mangapul
Published: January 2025

To ensure customer confidence, businesses must provide expiration dates on their products. Consumer rights must be respected in society. Consumer losses from expiring Food businesses must preserve consumer rights as outlined in Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. Regarding the problems stated, who is liable for customer loss due to expired food products? How do accountability and verification systems apply to claims for expired food goods under consumer indemnity.Normative research type legislation. Research indicates that retailers are most responsible for consumer losses due to expired food products, with other businesses potentially liable if they cannot prove fault. Indonesia approved the consumer protection legislation, which establishes the presumption of culpability and a reverse authentication mechanism. According to this idea, a businessman is presumed guilty and must compensate customers unless proven innocent. To show consumer indemnification, the merchant is the one being sued.
PEMBATASAN MASA JABATAN KETUA UMUM PARTAI POLITIK: PILAR DEMOKRASI DAN PENGUATAN PELEMBAGAAN PARPOL DARI CONFLICT OF INTEREST DAN ABUSE OF POWER
Authors: Elviandri Elviandri , Dana Robin , Kholik Sadam , Noor Andreyan
Published: January 2025

Partai politik merupakan fondasi penting sekaligus pilar utama demokrasi yang sehat dan berkelanjutan, berakar pada transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Tantangan besar muncul dari praktik personalisasi dan oligarki dalam partai yang kekuasaan terpusat pada segelintir elit, khususnya ketua umum yang memegang jabatan tanpa batas waktu. Berbagai forum tertinggi partai, seperti Kongres dan Munas, kerap menjadi formalitas dalam mengukuhkan kepemimpinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun kosntruksi hukum pembatasan masa jabatan ketua umum partai politik. Adapun metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual, yang berlandaskan pandangan dan doktrin hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman beberapa negara, seperti Chile dan Ekuador tentang pembatasan masa jabatan ketua umum dapat mencegah konsentrasi kekuasaan, memperkuat regenerasi, dan mendorong transparansi. Pembatasan masa jabatan ketua umum partai politik bukan sekadar kebutuhan, melainkan keharusan. Regulasi pembatasan masa jabatan ketua umum partai politik menjadi solusi krusial untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Tanpa pembatasan ini, partai cenderung menjadi alat kepentingan pribadi, bukan sarana aspirasi rakyat. Implementasi pembatasan akan membuka ruang bagi kaderisasi yang sehat, memungkinkan kader muda potensial berkontribusi, dan menciptakan mekanisme check and balance yang lebih efektif. Reformasi ini menjadi langkah strategis untuk mengembalikan kepercayaan publik terhadap partai politik. Dengan demikian, pembatasan masa jabatan ketua umum bukan sekadar aturan teknis, melainkan langkah fundamental untuk menjaga integritas demokrasi Indonesia.
PEMBATALAN SERTIPIKAT HAK MILIK AKIBAT TUMPANG TINDIH PENERBITAN SERTIPIKAT
Authors: Siahaan Chindy Dhelarosa , Perdana Surya , Lubis Muhammad Syukran Yamin
Published: January 2025

Meningkatnya suatu kebutuhan masyarakat atas tanah, mendorong meningkatnya jual beli tanah sebagai suatu bentuk peralihan hak atas tanah merupakan perbuatan hukum yang sengaja dilakukan dengan bertujuan untuk hak atas tanah yang akan berpindah dari mengalihkan kepada penerima pengalihan. Pasal 19 ayat (2) huruf c Undang Undang Pokok Agraria menyebutkan kegiatan pendaftaran tanah meliputi pemberian surat tanda bukti hak (sertipikat) sebagai alat pembuktian yang kuat, dalam rangka memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum bagi para pemilik tanah. Berbagai permasalahan pertanahan yang timbul, semuanya tidak terlepas dari kondisi administrasi pertanahan di waktu yang lampau. Kondisi tersebut disebabkan kurang tertibnya bukti-bukti pemilikan tanah, bahkan sebagian besar hak tanah belum terdaftar, di samping masih banyaknya ketentuan pelaksanaan Undang-undang Pokok Agraria yang belum diatur secara tuntas. Salah satu permasalahan pertanahan yang banyak muncul antara lain masalah di bidang pendaftaran tanah. Berita-berita mengenai sertipikat tumpang tindih, sertipikat ganda dan lain sebagainya sungguh memprihatinkan. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian perpustakaan ini merupakan penelitian yang mengkaji studi dokumen, yakni menggunakan berbagai data sekunder seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan pengadilan, teori hukum, dan dapat berupa pendapat para sarjana. Secara singkat, pembatalan sertipikat hak milik dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yakni meminta pembatalan Kepada Menteri ATR/BPN melalui Kantor Pertanahan dengan alasan adanya kesalahan hukum dalam proses penerbitannya atau melalui mekanisme gugatan ke PTUN. Pasal 117 berbunyi: Terhadap permohonan pembatalan hak atas tanah karena cacad hukum administratif yang diajukan langsung kepada Kepala Kantor wilayah diberlakukan ketentuan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 116. Pertimbangan hakim mengenai subtansi/materi, Tergugat dalam mengeluarkan surat keputusan objek sengketa memiliki kejanggalan dengan dasar terjadi tumpang tindih sehingga telah terjadi kesalahan prosedur atau cacad administrasi. Kesalahan prosedur dilakukan oleh BPN namun kenyataannya yang menerima kerugian adalah Penggugat ataupun masyarakat.
AKIBAT HUKUM TERHADAP NOTARIS YANG TIDAK MEMBACAKAN AKTA DI HADAPAN PENGHADAP
Authors: Pane Jannuba Munawarah , Medaline Onny , Moertino R. Juli
Published: January 2025

Penelitianiiniibertujuan.untuk (1) Jenis komoditiipertanianiyangimenjadiikomoditi basis Pada masa sekarang ini kebutuhan atas jasa Notaris kian hari semakin meningkat, terutama yang berkaitan dengan perbuatan hukum yang bersifat hukum privat (perdata). Ketentuan Pasal 16 UUJN mengatur mengenai kewajiban Notaris dalam menjalankan jabatannya, salah satunya adalah kewajiban Notaris membacakan Akta sebagaimana diatur pada Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf m. Ketentuan Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf m UUJN selengkapnya berbunyi : “Dalam menjalankan jabatannya, Notaris wajib membacakan Akta di hadapan penghadap dengan dihadiri oleh paling sedikit 2 (dua) orang saksi, atau 4 (empat) orang saksi khusus untuk pembuatan Akta wasiat di bawah tangan, dan ditandatangani pada saat itu juga oleh penghadap, saksi, dan Notaris.” Pada penerapan di lapangan (Das sein), saat ini banyak notaris yang tidak membacakan akta, namun pada akhir akta disebutkan bahwa akta tersebut telah dibacakan oleh notaris seperti pada putusan nomor M.84/MPWN Prov.03.24 Tahun 2024. Hal ini yang sebenarnya mengakibatkan permasalahan dan menyebabkan akta yang dibuat oleh notaris tersebut menjadi akta dibawah tangan dan merugikan para pihak. Dalam hal ini tertarik untuk diteliti yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan akta yang tidak dibacakan oleh notaris di hadapan penghadap, tanggung jawab notaris atas akta yang tidak dibacakan di hadapan penghadap, akibat hukum terhadap notaris yang tidak membacakan akta di hadapan penghadap. Dalam Penelitian ini, Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian Yuridis Empiris, sumber data yang Penulis dapatkan melalui studi lapangan (library research) dan hasil dari penelitian tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara Kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan Sudah sangat jelas tertuang pada Pasal 16 Ayat (9) tersebut, bahwa kedudukan akta notaris yang tidak dibacakan di hadapan penghadap karena kelalaian notaris, adalah akta tersebut menjadi akta dibawah tangan, kecuali seperti yang tertuang pada Pasal 16 Ayat (7). Mengenai tanggungjawab notaris yaitu dapat berupa: Tanggung Jawab Secara Perdata, Tanggung Jawab notaris secara pidana, Tanggung jawab notaris berdasarkan peraturan jabatan notaris, dan Tanggung jawab notaris dalam menjalankan tugas jabatannya berdasarkan kode etik. Akibat hukum apabila notaris tidak membacakan akta adalah akta akan menjadi akta di bawah tangan, dan notaris dapat terkena sanksi seperti pemberhentian sementara atau peringatan tertulis, apabila penghadap merasa dirugikan melaporkan dan menuntut atau menggugat notaris.
ANALISIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM DALAM MENANGGULANGI PENCEMARAN MUARA SUNGAI: STUDI KOMPARATIF DI BEBERAPA NEGARA
Authors: Sakinatunnisa Nadia Aisza Siti , Chomariyah Chomariyah , Nuhartonosuro Imam Munajat
Published: January 2025

Pencemaran muara sungai merupakan masalah lingkungan yang mengancam ekosistem dan keberlanjutan sumber daya air yang vital bagi kehidupan manusia. Aktivitas industri, pertanian, dan pembuangan sampah domestik seringkali menjadi penyebab utama pencemaran ini, yang berdampak negatif pada kualitas air, keberagaman hayati, serta ekonomi masyarakat yang bergantung pada perikanan dan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penegakan hukum dalam menanggulangi pencemaran muara sungai melalui studi komparatif di beberapa negara, termasuk Amerika Serikat, Jerman, dan Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis berbagai literatur, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta kebijakan dan praktik penegakan hukum yang berlaku di masing-masing negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun setiap negara memiliki regulasi yang komprehensif dalam mengatasi pencemaran, tantangan utama dalam penegakan hukum terletak pada pengawasan yang tidak maksimal, ketidaksetaraan akses terhadap proses hukum, serta pengaruh dari industri besar. Penegakan hukum yang efektif membutuhkan sinergi antara regulasi yang jelas, pengawasan yang ketat, penerapan sanksi yang tegas, dan peningkatan kesadaran serta partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi gap dalam implementasi hukum di negara-negara berkembang, khususnya di Indonesia, yang memerlukan upaya lebih besar dalam memperkuat kapasitas kelembagaan dan pengawasan untuk mengurangi dampak pencemaran muara sungai.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK ANAK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Siregar Devira Oktaviani , Iramadayani Layla
Published: January 2025

Penelitian skripsi ini adalah “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Anak Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak”.  Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah ‘untuk mengetahui pengaturan perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia dalam perspektif  hak asasi manusia’. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah penelitian empiris, yaitu penelitian ke lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara sebagai dasar pemecahan permasalahan yang dikemukakan. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data primer dan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dikemukakan, maka diketahui bahwa untuk memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman, maka hukum harus dapat dan mampu memberikan perlindungan terhadap masyaraat dan salah satunya adalah anak harus mendapat perlindungan anak.Anak yang merupakan generasi penerus bangsa harus mendapatkan perlindungan dan perlindungan terhadap ana meerupakan hak asasi yang harus diperoleh oleh anakhambatan yang ditemui dalam perlindungan hukum atas hak-hak anak adalah kurangna perlindungan terhadap anak sebagai korban, kurangnya hak khusus yang diberikan terhadap anak, tidak ada penghargaan terhadap anak sebagai korban, tidak ada kompensasi terhadap anak sebagai korban.
TANGGUNG JAWAB MASKAPAI TERHADAP PEMBATALAN KEBERANGKATAN PENUMPANG KARENA TIDAK MELENGKAPI PERSYARATAN KESEHATAN (RAPID TEST) (Studi Penelitian di Bandara Udara Kuala Namu)
Authors: Muhasyibi Fandi , Siregar Gomgom T.P. , Devi Ria Sintha
Published: January 2025

Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan maskapai membatalkan penerbangan adalah faktor komersial, teknis, operasional, cuaca dan bandara. Maskapai penerbangan bertanggung jawab untuk membatalkan keberangkatan karena tidak melebihi persyaratan perawatan kesehatan (pengujian dipercepat): jika penumpang tes positif untuk antigen, ia harus menjalani tes PCR, jika negatif, mereka dapat melanjutkan, dan harga kembali dari tiket untuk terbang kembali minimal 3 hari ke depan dan jika penumpang mendapatkan PCR maka harus dikarantina selama 14 hari, menjadwal ulang tiket sesuai dengan status penumpang setelah karantina. Atau seluruh tiket akan dikembalikan. Tidak ada ketentuan khusus untuk perlindungan hukum konsumen untuk pembatalan keberangkatan karena kegagalan untuk menyelesaikan perawatan kesehatan (pengujian dipercepat), tetapi kepatuhan tidak terbatas pada UndangUndang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan tidak tercapai. Namun, penumpang sebagai konsumen memiliki perlindungan hukum berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen yang berkaitan dengan hak-hak penumpang sebagai konsumen jasa angkutan udara, dan KUH Perdata yang berkaitan dengan status penumpang sebagai pihak dalam kontrak pengangkutan dengan seperti maskapai penerbangan.
Numerical investigation of shear stress in buildings reinforced by walls without corner columns
Authors: Merabti Salem , Yahiaoui Ibrahim , Mezidi Amar , Guelmine Layachi
Published: January 2025

The concentration of the population is mainly in the northern part of Algeria, where the design and construction of high-rise buildings are essential to rationalize the use of urban space. The application of shear walls made of reinforced concrete in an L shape, placed at the corners of buildings, constitutes an innovative configuration meeting specific architectural and functional needs. In this study, a numerical analysis was conducted on four types of buildings of different heights, supported by L-shaped shear walls without columns, with and without openings. The shear stress distributions were evaluated, and the maximum stress was identified for walls with thicknesses of 15 cm, 20 cm, and 25 cm. The optimal shear stress results revealed that the length of openings in 25 cm thick shear walls should not exceed 6 times the wall thickness. For 20 cm thick walls, the lengths of the openings should be less than 8 times the thickness. In contrast, for 15 cm thick walls, the length of the openings should range between 11 and 13 times the thickness. All the results of this numerical investigation are presented in this article.
Estudio longitudinal del rendimiento escolar del evento de ciencias básicas, nivel medio superior fase II
Authors: Machorro Rosa Alba Krauss , Cuazitl Sandra Miriam Hernández , Frías Alejandro Nicolas Miranda , Barragán Eolo Víctor Espíritu
Published: January 2025

El departamento de Ciencias Básicas del Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba organizó y convocó al “Segundo concurso de Ciencias Básicas Nivel medio Superior”, con el objetivo de identificar y determinar el nivel de aprendizaje y comprensión de los estudiantes de los bachilleratos de la región, con los resultados obtenidos del concurso se realiza la fase II de un estudio longitudinal dando seguimiento al análisis del desempeño académico de los bachilleratos. Analizando los puntajes obtenidos, se observa que el promedio general de los 11 bachilleratos participantes es 47.82% (Tabla 5), debajo del promedio mínimo aprobatorio de 60% para bachillerato, en primer lugar, el Instituto Anglo de Orizaba con 64.80% como promedio general y con el mínimo puntaje de 36.56% el Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico Industrial y de Servicios no. 192, considerando una escala de 0 a 100%. El área con el puntaje más alto fue matemáticas con un resultado de 68.40 % obtenido por el Instituto Anglo de Orizaba.
Impact of Globalisation on Regional Labour Markets and Living Standards and the Quality of Life of Citizens in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Nazarchuk Oksana , Povstyn Oksana , Oliskevych Marianna , Volchenko Nataliia , Yeretin Yurii
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aims to provide an extensive analysis of the socio-economic consequences of globalisation in the context of labour market dynamics and the population's standard of living.
 
Theoretical Framework: Intensive globalisation leads to a series of consequential changes in socio-economic development processes. Issues such as negative demographic trends, uncontrolled migration, a shortage of qualified personnel, and the need to improve the quality of life have become particularly significant.
 
Method: The research methodology involved the use of general scientific research methods, specifically: the unity of analysis and synthesis, comparison, the method of abstraction.
 
Results and Discussion: Statistical data on unemployment, labour migration, and quality of life indicators over recent years are provided. The main directions of a concept to mitigate the negative consequences of globalisation for the labour market and societal well-being are identified. It is established that the level of socio-economic development of an individual country largely depends on the state of the global economy and the crises within it.
 
Research Implications: It is proven that the intensification of the role of globalisation in societal development requires a comprehensive study of the specifics of the functioning of the system of international socio-economic relations in interaction with national development strategies.
 
Originality/Value: Optimising labour potential should be a priority in the context of active European integration and Ukraine's economic and political instability.