bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of collective self esteem on fashion clothing involvement among Indian women
Authors: Khare Arpita , Mishra Ankita , Parveen Ceeba
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of collective self esteem, age, income, marital status, and education of Indian women in predicting their fashion clothing involvement.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected by contacting women in their offices, colleges, and malls in five different cities of India (n=397). The self‐administered questionnaire contained items from collective self esteem and fashion clothing involvement scale.

Findings

Fashion clothing involvement of Indian women is influenced by age, importance to identity, and public esteem.

Research limitations/implications

There is a large representation of the younger consumer group in the sample. This makes the study findings relevant for targeting young population groups. Distinction has not been made in the sample according to student, working women, and housewives. Further research can be undertaken to understand if women's fashion clothing involvement varies according to their working and non‐working status.

Practical implications

The findings can prove helpful to international and national apparel manufacturers and brands in planning branding and marketing strategies to promote fashion clothing among Indian women.

Originality/value

This is the first study to understand the fashion clothing involvement of Indian women with respect to collective self esteem.
Police integrity in South Korea
Authors: Kutnjak Ivković Sanja , Kang Wook
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the contours of police integrity among Korean police officers a decade after police reform was started.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected in 2009 at the Korean National Police University (KNPU) and the Police Comprehensive Academy (PCA). The questionnaires distributed to police officers contained 14 vignettes describing various forms of police misconduct. The sample consists of 329 police officers, mostly non‐supervisors, attending courses at the KNPU and PCA.

Findings

Results indicate that the contours of police integrity vary across different forms of misconduct. Regardless of whether the respondents' views were measured through questions about misconduct seriousness, appropriate discipline, willingness to report, or knowledge about official rules, the findings suggest that Korean police officers perceived corruption as a serious form of police misconduct, while they considered the use of excessive force to be substantially less serious. In addition, a strong code of silence among the police was detected.

Research limitations/implications

The study examines the contours of police integrity among a convenience sample of police officers from South Korea.

Practical implications

The Korean police administrators interested in controlling police misconduct could utilize this methodology to explore the contours of the code of silence among the Korean police. The results of the study indicate that substantial focus should be put on changing police officer views about the use of excessive force and narrowing the code of silence in general.

Social implications

The results show that the contours of police integrity among South Korean police officers clearly reflect the attitudes and views of the society at large toward corruption and use of excessive force. The lenient attitudes that South Korean police officers have expressed regarding the use of excessive force reflect both the historical attitudes and the lack of clarity of official rules. The strong code of silence is related to the insufficient protection for whistleblowers and the adherence to Confucianism among Korean citizens.

Originality/value

Prior research predominantly measured police integrity as the opposite of police corruption in Western democracies and East European countries in transition. This research expands this by focusing on different forms of police misconduct. In addition, it explores integrity in an Asian democracy with the police agency undergoing extensive reform.
Communicating law enforcement professionalization: social construction of standards
Authors: McClellan Sara E. , Gustafson Bryon G.
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This paper seeks to analyze how institutional arrangements and discourses shape law enforcement professionalization efforts, to identify opportunities and potential problems associated with professionalization, and to propose research to address practitioner interests in education and training and public interests in accountability and service equity.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper explores discourses surrounding law enforcement professionalization efforts to identify implementation barriers and potential consequences. It reviews earlier literatures and analyzes occupational standards data, utilizing a communicative perspective to investigate professionalization problems that have often been approached from political or economic perspectives.

Findings

Although law enforcement is often urged to professionalize, educational standards for officers remain low. There is no clear nexus between college curriculum and law enforcement as a profession. This paper shows that competing discourses about professionalization in general and law enforcement in particular undermine efforts to establish professional status and increased standards for law enforcement.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should include greater cross‐sectional data analysis. Investigation of law enforcement standards or professionalization should account for social discourses that contribute to norms and expectations.

Practical implications

Law enforcement agencies and criminal justice programs have opportunities to better coordinate practice and scholarship. Failure to attend to institutional relationships and the role of communication in shaping professional standards will hamper advances in either field.

Social implications

The paper shows that professional norms shape law enforcement accountability to the public in critical and sometimes unintended ways.

Originality/value

Previous authors have not considered social discourse impacts on law enforcement standards and professionalization, nor their relationship to higher education. By introducing these variables, barriers and alternative approaches are revealed.
Political legitimacy and public confidence in police
Authors: Kwak Dae‐Hoon , San Miguel Claudia E. , Carreon Diana L.
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This study attempts to determine how political legitimacy and regime change affect the level of public confidence in the Mexican police. The current study also aims to examine to what extent socioeconomic and attitudinal factors are associated with levels of police confidence among Mexican citizens.

Design/methodology/approach

The data used in this study were obtained from two Mexican surveys conducted as part of the World Value Surveys (WVS) in 1996 and 2005. Owing to the nature of the dependent variable, a series of ordinal logistic regression analyses was employed to examine the effects of political legitimacy, regime change, attitudinal, and socioeconomic factors on public confidence in the Mexican police while controlling other relevant factors.

Findings

Consistent with prior research, results confirmed that public confidence in the police was positively associated with political legitimacy (i.e. support for regime institutions and system support), happiness, life satisfaction, marital status, and religious activity. Yet, age, education, and size of the town were negatively related to public confidence.

Research limitations/implications

Since the current study used secondary data, the availability of information was limited. Only one nation was studied which limits the generalizability of the findings. Future research may attempt to study other Latin‐American nations, including Mexico, in order to address the issue of public confidence in policing on a greater scale. Further, as the police alone cannot take full credit in the public's perception of law enforcement, it is imperative that future studies also examine other government agencies (i.e. courts, prosecutors) that may lend more information on this subject.

Originality/value

While the police and some governing agencies may not be able to change most of the factors studied in this research, they can strive to cultivate better trust among the citizenry and seek to improve quality of life in neighborhoods which may lead to greater happiness and life satisfaction factors that may then increase the level of confidence in the police.
Developing the capacity to assess the impact of foresight
Authors: Johnston Ron
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The objective of this paper is to contribute to improved practice and impact of foresight through the development and testing of a Foresight Impact Evaluation Schema. The schema is designed to guide foresight practitioners in the more effective design and conduct of foresight exercises to optimise impact.

Design/methodology/approach

The development of the schema is based on the significant previous work in this field, and the author's experience of designing and managing more than 100 foresight projects. It also takes into account accumulated experience with heuristics developed to guide foresight design and management, and with various approaches to evaluating the impact of social science knowledge on policy‐ and decision‐making.

Findings

A range of impacts identified from major foresight projects have been characterised according to four categories of impact ‐ awareness raising, informing policy, enabling greater capacity to address uncertainty, and influencing policy, strategy, investment, program delivery and public attitudes.

Research limitations/implications

The schema needs to be tested against a variety of foresight projects to further refine its usefulness.

Practical implications

With the rapid growth of the application of foresight, it has become essential to guide practitioners in the appropriate design and management of all the processes associated with foresight to achieve maximum impact, and to demonstrate the value of the investment in foresight to consequent policy and planning.

Originality/value

This paper builds on earlier and contemporary work to develop a more refined and applicable schema to guide foresight impact evaluation.
Remedy or cure for service failure?
Authors: Komunda Mabel , Osarenkhoe Aihie
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This paper aims to contribute to a growing body of service recovery knowledge by examining the relationship between service recovery, consumer satisfaction and loyalty in a commercial banking environment.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual framework encompassing th\e concepts of service recovery, communication, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the commercial bank setting is developed. A questionnaire is designed to focus on issues related to efforts made to investigate causes of service failure and to develop recovery strategies that meet customer expectations of how their banks should handle such problems.

Findings

Results show that communication had a significant relationship with service recovery and that higher levels of redress independently increase positive consumer responses. The findings also show that the interaction of employee responsiveness and courtesy can also have a positive impact on consumer evaluations. Satisfaction was highest and negative word‐of‐mouth intentions lowest only under conditions of high responsiveness and courtesy.

Research limitations/implications

Service recovery is process‐oriented, and does not assess whether the reported problem that led to the actual complaint has been resolved. This aspect of the study opens a number of directions for future research with the goal of increasing the still limited understanding of service recovery issues in commercial banks. To achieve an in‐depth view, a more comprehensive qualitative study that pursues the same research questions may be appropriate.

Practical implications

An implication is that, when managing complaints related to customer dissatisfaction, the approaches undertaken by service quality leaders should aim to provide just resolutions/fairness in service recovery. This study also provides insight into a company's customer relationship management practices. However, in order to encourage customers to complain directly, a company, if complained to, needs to enhance the perception of a possible outcome.

Originality/value

A conceptual framework is developed and used to investigate the relationship between service recovery, consumer satisfaction and loyalty.
Choosing e‐books: a perspective from academic libraries
Authors: Vasileiou Magdalini , Hartley Richard , Rowley Jennifer
Published: February 2012

Purpose

E‐books are an important and growing type of digital resource. Academic libraries have traditionally had a major role in selecting books and making them available to learners, scholars, and researchers. Therefore the processes and criteria that they apply in the selection and acquisition of e‐books may potentially have significant consequences for the future viability of e‐books as a product. This paper aims to report on research into the criteria and processes that academic libraries use to choose e‐books.

Design/methodology/approach

Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 27 librarians in seven academic libraries in the UK.

Findings

Academic libraries purchase e‐books from a portfolio of different vendors. In order to select the books and packages that they acquire they apply a number of criteria, including business models, licence, price, platform, interface, subject coverage, and match to reading lists. High on the list of librarians' concerns are: the variation in and complexity of business models for purchasing, licence variety and digital rights management (DRM) restrictions, and perceived high prices.

Originality/value

This study focuses directly and in depth on the buying and selection processes and criteria. Insights offered by this study may be of value to publishers, aggregators and librarians.
Exploring the continuance intentions of consumers for B2C online shopping
Authors: Chen Yen‐Ting , Chou Tsung‐Yu
Published: February 2012

Purpose

Like any product purchases, the success of online shopping depends largely on user satisfaction and other factors that further affect customers' intentions to continue shopping online (continuance intentions). This study seeks to integrate fairness theory with the trust concept to construct a model for investigating consumers' continuance intentions toward online shopping.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey collected data from 226 users with online shopping experience to empirically validate the hypothesised model.

Findings

The results indicate that distributive fairness and interactional fairness exert significant positive effects on customers' satisfaction and trust in vendors. Satisfaction is a strong predictor of the continuance intentions of consumers. However the fact that the relationship between trust in vendors and consumers' continuance intentions is insignificant offers insight into trust: consumers continue shopping online with certain levels of misgiving.

Originality/value –

The findings suggest that a user's trust in an online vendor can be enhanced by increasing fairness, particularly distributive fairness and interactional fairness. This also implies that an online user's satisfaction and trust are not just related to products: therefore vendors should put effort into the pre‐ and post‐sale experiences.
Internet search tactics
Authors: Smith Alastair G.
Published: February 2012

Purpose

Bates' information search tactics have been influential in the practice and teaching of online searching since they were published in 1979. This paper is about using information search tactics to search the internet, and aims to present a set of tactics useful in the practice and teaching of internet searching.

Design/methodology/approach

Tactics used on the internet were gathered from the literature, web sites, and the author's experience of internet searching. These were compared with the information search tactics, and refined into a set of internet search tactics.

Findings

The article presents 34 internet search tactics: 18 of the original Bates tactics, interpreted in the context of the internet, and 16 new tactics. While many of the information search tactics are relevant, effective internet searching requires recognition of the role of relevancy ranking and full text searching in search engines. The uncontrolled nature of the internet means that evaluation of information resources is an integral part of internet searching, so a group of evaluation tactics have been proposed.

Practical implications

The tactics provide a framework for teaching effective internet searching.

Originality/value

Bates' information search tactics do not appear to have been applied as a whole to searching the internet. The proposed tactics will be useful for librarians and researchers who need to carry out effective searching on the internet, and for information literacy education. Research into information seeking and search interfaces will be informed by the tactics.
Accelerating leadership performance in the first 100 days
Authors: O'Keeffe Niamh
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to establish how HR professionals can help to accelerate the performance of senior leaders in the first 100 days.

Design/methodology/approach

The article begins with an appraisal of how many businesses approach the first 100 days, how resources are allocated and the scope to improve practices in these areas. Subsequently, the article outlines where HR can add value to the first 100 days process, while identifying what the challenges and pitfalls are for new leaders during those early days. The article concludes with an assessment of how to write and implement an effective 100‐day plan that can set the tone for an effective leadership transition, and a case study to outline how performance acceleration in the first 100 days can have an enterprise‐wide impact.

Findings

The article is clear that outside expertise and assistance in the first 100 days form a vital tool for HR practitioners. The case study sets out how the HR director at AppSense used experts in the first 100 days to accelerate the performance of the whole business as it faced the challenge presented by significant growth.

Practical implications

The article takes a practical, real‐world view on what is achievable internally, and where outside help needs to be brought in to ensure newly appointed leaders get off to an accelerated start. It is based on seven years' experience of First100 consultants working with senior business leaders in global corporations, with findings derived from the challenges and opportunities these leaders have encountered in their first 100 days.

Originality/value

The article takes a practical view on how HR professionals can help to improve new senior leaders' performance in the first 100 days, on what is achievable internally, and where outside help needs to be brought in.
The creation of the Knowledge Zone of Curaçao: the power of a vision
Authors: Goede Miguel , Neuwirth Rostam J. , Louisa G.
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the creation of a Knowledge Zone (K‐Zone) in Curaçao to provide an insight into how a Knowledge Zone is established. After devising a vision, strategic alliances were formed. This created synergy and momentum, giving the project and process a life of their own.

Design/methodology/approach

The project of creating a K‐Zone is based on a theoretical framework which draws upon the notion of a creative class, and how it can be attracted to a specific location. It also deploys change management methodology, which describes how change is implemented. The theory states that creativity will drive the economy in the future and that societies that are able to attract the creative class will excel. It is not clear what attracts the creative class but it is believed that a certain life style, concentrations of peers and virtual and physical connectivity are essential. To create these conditions some changes must be implemented and these changes are often resisted in the beginning.

Findings

Knowledge Zones can be created if there is a clear shared vision, leadership and alliances that forge synergies. The project was started in 2010 by the UNA under the presidency of Dr Miguel Goede, the Rector Magnificus of the University of the Netherlands Antilles. With the support of the Board of Supervisors, the UNA entered/sought alliances with the nearby Carmabi Research Institute and the neighbouring school for nurses, which opened a new school building within the designated zone. The UNA also provided the impetus to start a campaign to construct a new hospital that was planned for the area neighbouring the university and to start a school of medicine. But the breakthrough came when the local telecom provider, United Telecommunication Services (UTS), decided to provide the university with dedicated internet connections that were capable of the highest speed available on the island.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to a framework for understanding the creative economy of Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) in the Caribbean and how change can be implemented in these settings.
Prepayment behavior of China's mortgage borrowers: evidence from the loan‐level data
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Kuang Weida
Published: February 2012

Purpose

There exists a large volume of literature evaluating the mortgage prepayment risk based on the USA's and other developed countries' experiences. With access to detailed loan‐level data provided by a national mortgage lender in China, the purpose of this paper is to revisit the empirical question of the determinants of mortgage prepayment probability.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper utilizes unique loan‐level data from a large national residential mortgage lender in China to provide insights into borrowers' prepayment behavior in China under recent market conditions, focusing on the customers' behavior and the segmentation analysis of the prepayment risk.

Findings

The results from a logit model indicate that housing appreciation rate and the stock market performance are important considerations for Chinese borrowers. It was also found that borrowers show the heterogeneous prepayment behavior in different groups. For instance, households who purchase new houses are less sensitive to the LTV ratio. These findings provide empirical support for the risk management in the rapid growing mortgage market in China as well as those in other transitional economies.

Research limitations/implications

Because of the lack of the literature in the immature mortgage markets, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further using their own datasets.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for policy makers to further strategic decision making using a quantitative framework which has not been fully developed in most of the state‐owned banks in China.

Originality/value

This paper has contributed to the analysis of Chinese mortgage prepayment pattern using a large recent micro‐loan level data set. As mortgage borrowers' behavior can be country specific due to the differences in housing policies and housing market structure, this paper sheds new light on the driver factors determining mortgage prepayment in China's mortgage market.
Turning trash papers into gold
Authors: Tony Yu Fu‐Lai
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how a Chinese entrepreneur, Zhang Yin, exercises international entrepreneurship in her paper recycle business – Nine Dragons Paper company, and has become one of the most successful female business women in the world.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses an in‐depth case study or storytelling approach to explain the economic success of a Chinese female entrepreneur, Zhang Yin and her Nine Dragons Paper company. The illustration of Zhang's global coordination is divided into three parts: first, from Shenzhen, China to Hong Kong; second, from Hong Kong to Los Angeles; and finally, from the USA back to her home country, China.

Findings

This case illustrates and concludes that the business success of a paper recycling enterprise, namely Nine Dragons Paper, is attributable to the global coordination efforts of its founder, Zhang Yin, who is able to identify profit opportunities around the globe. With correct foresight, Zhang Yin is able to overcome cultural barriers, and venture into foreign markets. Her international entrepreneurship and global coordination enable world resources to be allocated in the most efficient way.

Research limitations/implications

Austrian economics, using storytelling approach, can be a very useful tool in interpreting entrepreneurial behavior and business strategies.

Practical implications

The case provides us with an understanding of how the entrepreneur can earn profit by being alert to opportunities.

Originality/value

The case is the first of its kind to illustrate the international coordination function of a female Chinese entrepreneur and her paper recycle business.
Competing definition of climate change and the post-Kyoto negotiations
Authors: Anne Vlassopoulos Chloé
Published: February 2012

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine the definitional debates linked to climate change and their impact on the policy actors
'
position and on policy content. It is suggested that while discussing about “climate change”, different policy arenas perceive different problems implying different responsibility attributions and different solutions.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study mobilizes different sources, such as regulations, research reports, and scientific papers, combined with personal interviews with international agents participating in the climate policy negotiations process.

Findings

– Initially, climate change has been defined as an environmental degradation problem. Progressively, other competing definitions of the problem occupied the public debate. Alternatively, climate change has been discussed as a development issue, a migration issue and a security issue. The paper argues that while this polyphonic discourse persists, the problem definition process remains unaccomplished, new institutional equilibriums cannot be established and, consequently, policymaking cannot follow.

Practical implications

– By focusing on the different perceptions and debates of the climate issue, this paper points to the conflicts transcending the international arena. This gives policy actors a wider view of the negotiating process in which they are involved.

Originality/value

– Most analyses explain the success or failure of international agreements by pointing to either the presence/lack of governmental compliance or the institutional complexity and need for coordination between enforcement agencies. Less attention is paid to the way public problems are perceived by different policy communities. This paper focuses on the definitional debates accompanying the post-Kyoto negotiations and their impact on the policy making process.
Examining China's science and technology statistics: a systematic perspective
Authors: Fred Simon Denis , Cao Cong
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the reliability of official Chinese government statistics in general, overview the evolution of China's S&T (science and technology) statistical system while highlighting the main sources of such statistics, point out some of the particular problems related to China's S&T statistics, and provide perspectives about how to best use and interpret these numbers.

Design/methodology/approach

Statistics of China's human resources in science and technology has been used to illustrate how such S&T statistics should be interpreted.

Findings

While the S&T data collection involving multiple government ministries causes problems, the interpretation of the data, including reconciling data from different sources and piecing information together, poses challenges to drawing an appropriate and overall picture of the development of S&T in China. In order to achieve a better understanding of China's S&T statistics, student researchers of Chinese science and technology have to comprehend the definitions, exhaust all the sources, and find and recognize discrepancies.

Originality/value

This paper represents the first effort to examine China's S&T statistical system, an important source of information regarding China's S&T development.
Research advancement on intellectual property strategy
Authors: Lau Antonio K.W. , Kong Sandy L.S. , Baark Erik
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review key academic literature on the characteristics of business firms' intellectual property (IP) strategy and to examine the implications for how Chinese firms can deal with today's business environment under the globalization.

Design/methodology/approach

A selection of peer‐reviewed articles from scholarly journals listed in major academic search engines is reviewed. The search results showed that ProQuest included 509 related articles and ScienceDirect included 121. The abstract of all the articles were reviewed. Finally, 26 articles were identified and comprehensively reviewed. The key characteristics of the role of internal and external contexts for IP strategy development were then analysed in terms of the challenges faced by Chinese firms.

Findings

The results show that IP strategies involve IP identification/generation, valuation, utilization and enforcement. Its effectiveness depends on both internal (i.e. company size, ownership of firms, business strategies and the value of the IP) and external factors (i.e. industry structure, level of competition, and novelty of technology). Given that many Chinese firms are developing new innovative capabilities and need to protect their IP in domestic or international markets, there is a need for these firms to align their emerging IP strategy with future business strategies.

Research limitations/implications

The study focuses on the IP strategies and management in business organizations, and therefore excludes the articles from law and economics literature.

Originality/value

The paper suggests a conceptual framework and provides managerial implications on IP management at firm level, particularly relevant for Chinese business firms.
Service innovation research in China: past, present and future
Authors: Hua Li Jing
Published: February 2012

Purpose

China always acts as a large low‐cost manufacturing economy under globalization. However, her services are also active and innovative today although still small. The purpose of this paper is to exhibit the roadmap of service innovation research in China and to predict the future research trend.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review was organized under a cross framework – innovation in services, and service innovation with manufacturing. All literature was selected from Chinese academic periodicals and monographs in the last decade. The search keywords include “service innovation”, “knowledge‐intensive business services”, and “new service development”.

Findings

Through the review of Chinese literature, two critical characteristics of service innovation were proved, i.e. organizational innovation and regulation environment; and for China, the marketalization of services is urgent for the motivation and accumulation of service innovation capability.

Practical implications

Policy makers should take services as significant as manufacturing, and put them into the national and regional innovation systems. Regulation should be reduced to a low level to stimulate service innovation. Government should also encourage the development of the services infrastructure, including social credit system, independent intermediary, grid, and NGOs, etc.

Originality/value

The paper gives an insight into the perspectives of management, sociology, and economics in the service innovation field using the Chinese research track as an illustration.
Subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance for manmade and natural hazards and disasters
Authors: White Todd , Ariaratnam Samuel T. , Michael John
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The consideration of all aspects of the systems that support a community is necessary to accomplish adequate long range asset planning and protection. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the addition of a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis to an existing series of vulnerability assessment tools used by the State of Arizona, and investigate economic impact (disaster recovery) estimation methods for potential incorporation. The intent is to provide a framework for model development and suggest data to be collected.

Design/methodology/approach

Through modifications of existing system components, a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis is proposed for the State of Arizona's current vulnerability assessment tools. Although they can be adjusted as needed, the modifications presented herein include 11 subterranean assets and ten threats to subterranean assets. Furthermore, existing methods for estimating the economic impact of disasters are investigated via literature reviews, e‐mails, and telephone correspondence.

Findings

Regarding the subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance component, a number of emerging technologies are currently available to monitor the various infrastructure elements from the identified potential threats. The process of linking the various data collection elements into a comprehensive surveillance system is currently underway in Arizona. Interim reconnaissance techniques using local statistic models will be applied incrementally while the data integration process is underway. With respect to the economic impact estimation module, the Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS‐MH loss estimation model was identified as a top prospect for testing.

Research limitations/implications

The research focuses on examining the interdependencies and vulnerabilities of critical subterranean infrastructure. Therefore, critical surface or above ground infrastructure components are not primarily discussed. Additionally, this paper presents only a plan; there are no empirical results to date.

Practical implications

The methodology discussed may be utilized to support the decision‐making process for managing resources used to sustain subterranean infrastructure operations, with the goal of providing resiliency to community support mechanisms.

Originality/value

The specific focus on developing a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis in a State's disaster management program is a novel tool for Arizona. The value is to enhance preparation, response, resilience, and recovery from hazards and disasters affecting the State's critical subterranean infrastructure. It is theorized that value will further be generated in a resulting subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance template, which can be adopted by other emergency and disaster management organizations.
Financial statement risk assessment following the COSO framework
Authors: Premuroso Ronald F. , Houmes Robert
Published: February 2012

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to teach students the fundamental and most critical aspects of performing a financial statement risk assessment, a skill vital to help ensure both auditor and public‐company compliance with guidance found in the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), the SEC's Interpretative Guidance regarding Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, the control deficiency evaluation framework found in Auditing Standard No. 5 (AS5) of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), and the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

Design/methodology/approach

This instructional case study helps students assess the impact of a set of hypothetical internal control deficiency risks in various industries, including inherent and residual financial statement risk assessment, and concludes with determining which identified internal control weaknesses are significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in internal control. Included in the financial statement residual risk assessment process are example entity‐level and process‐level controls described in COSO. Learning objectives, implementation guidance, and the efficacy of using the case study in the undergraduate or graduate auditing or accounting information systems courses are also provided.

Findings

The results of classroom testing of the case study at two universities provides evidence the case study increases student understanding of the implications of internal controls and their impact on the reliability of the financial statements significantly. Students also found the case to be challenging, interesting, relevant, clear, understandable, and a realistic approximation of what they might expect to encounter in the real‐world when performing a financial statement risk assessment.

Originality/value

The case study includes the development of skills important to students in performing financial statement risk assessments, either as an auditor or when working in a private industry environment, including making professional judgments related to risk assessment.
Green IT adoption: a process management approach
Authors: Bose Ranjit , Luo Xin (Robert)
Published: February 2012

Purpose

To better understand and assist business managers to deal with green IT adoption, this paper provides a step‐by‐step process management approach.

Design/methodology/approach

By drawing on the process management to investigate the green IT adoption, the paper analyzes and discusses four different phases: plan, design, implement, and measure the performance of the process.

Findings

The likelihood that companies will successfully adopt green IT initiatives depends on several organizational and environmental factors. The primary factor is the Champion Support. Lack of implementation barriers is another important factor among others.

Research limitations/implications

By comparing behavioral and technological changes derived from green IT initiatives and unveiling possible factors associated with the adoption process, this paper provides an opportunity for academics to conduct applied research based on the issues discussed.

Practical implications

The paper can be an extremely useful and practical source for top‐level managers, particularly IT managers, to bring greener technologies and more environmentally responsible strategies and practices to their organizations.

Originality/value

The paper contends that the green IT adoption process is an ensemble of four phases: plan, design, implement, and measure the performance of the process. This paper serves as a guide and offers practical measures in terms of understanding how green IT initiatives could be more effectively and efficiently adopted by organizations.
“Is work good for you?” Does paid employment produce positive social capital returns for people with severe and enduring mental health conditions?
Authors: Dominy Martin , Hayward‐Butcher Toby
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This paper seeks to examine whether paid employment produces positive social capital returns for people with severe and enduring mental health needs.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 96 users of mental health services in Sussex, who had been supported to return to work, completed a questionnaire rating their level of agreement with statements about their quality of life both before and after they started working. In addition, three supplementary individual case studies were made.

Findings

Analysis showed significant increases in reported quality of life following employment. The post‐employment positivity of responses was found across most areas of well‐being. Significant but varying gains were found in the majority of individuals who reported improvement in the following areas; social life; independence; resilience; confidence and self‐esteem; optimism; satisfaction; general happiness and ability to manage mental health. A third of individuals reported improvements in personal relationships and physical health. Qualitative data indicated that increased confidence was perceived by participants as the most important factor. Increased benefits were also found to be associated with individuals who had worked for a longer period, worked longer hours and were supported on a contract with high fidelity to the IPS model.

Research limitations/implications

The paper relies on a self‐report method requiring respondents to reflect on how they felt pre and post gaining employment. This follows a rather subjective methodology. There were a number of individuals who had only worked for one month or less in the past year. These are unlikely to have experienced social capital returns or in fact any real impact at all as a result of working and likely distorted the results to some extent.

Originality/value

There have been limited research studies that have examined the additional social capital returns for people with enduring mental ill health who return to work.
Use of restraint for the management of challenging behaviour in children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Menon Krishna , Baburaj Raghavendra , Bernard Sarah
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This review seeks to provide an overview of the current research evidence on the use of restraint as an intervention in managing challenging behaviours in relation to children with intellectual disabilities. It also aims to discuss legal frameworks and ethical considerations that underpin the use of restraint in intellectually disabled children who present with challenging behaviours.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a search of existing literature primarily pertaining to the management of challenging behaviours in intellectual disability on PubMed, PsycInfo and Google Scholar using combinations of the following key words – children, intellectual disabilities, learning disability, mental retardation, challenging behaviour, restraint, seclusion, physical restraint, mechanical restraint, personal restraint, and chemical restraint. Since research on the use of such interventions in children has been hitherto scant, literature relating to their use in intellectually disabled adult populations as well as cognitively able children was also examined to ascertain whether the broad principles informing the use of restraint interventions could be generalised to their use in intellectually disabled children.

Findings

The review finds evidence to suggest that restraint interventions in their myriad forms are widely used to manage challenging behaviours in children with intellectual disabilities and outlines the evidence base, clinical scope, and the risks associated with the use of such interventions in children. It also helps highlight the current absence of comprehensive evidence based guidance that incorporates clinical, ethical, and legal aspects of the use of restraint interventions in children with intellectual disabilities and raises relevant questions in relation to their judicious use in this patient group.

Originality/value

The authors believe that the review completes the first in depth evaluation of the use of restraint interventions in children with intellectual disabilities and are confident that this would serve as useful guidance for professionals working with this patient group who may be considering using restraint interventions in their everyday clinical practice.
Treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy approaches
Authors: Desnoyers Hurley Anne
Published: February 2012

Purpose

This case report seeks to describe successful treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy in concert with community support providers applying similar psychotherapeutic approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

A case report is presented illustrating successful treatment of an individual with erotomania and intellectual disability. Pharmacotherapy assessment suggested its ineffectiveness and medicines were slowly reduced and discontinued. Cognitive behavioural psychotherapy provided a venue to discuss personal issues and work on solutions. The community support system was enlisted to approach the problem using two main psychotherapeutic strategies: eliminate social attention for the delusion; and increase social relationships.

Findings

Cognitive behavioural psychotherapy working in collaboration with the community support system resulted in great improvement. Within three years, the individual returned to previous functioning with no symptoms of the delusional disorder.

Originality/value

This case study illustrates the successful treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy and engaging the community support system in applying directed psychotherapeutic strategies. Erotomania occurs in people with intellectual disability and must be recognized and treated. Ineffective pharmacotherapy was successfully reduced and discontinued within the context of appropriate therapeutic supports.
Payment by Results in intellectual disability services – a vehicle for personalising healthcare
Authors: Roy Ashok , Bhaumik Sabyasachi
Published: February 2012

Purpose

Needs led person centred services are the hallmark of high quality intellectual disability services. Commissioning mechanisms such as Payment by Results (PbR) have been established in acute health services. An outcome focussed version of PbR will be implemented nationally from 2012 in an incremental manner in mental health services for adults and older people. Though intellectual disability services are currently excluded, it is proposed that needs led approaches would improve the quality and efficiency of specialist intellectual disability services. This paper aims to suggest that this approach could be the key to commissioning and designing personalised pathways of care.

Design/methodology/approach

Health needs are scoped and care pathways are defined as primarily consisting of Needs, Interventions and Outcomes. The mandated cluster groups to be used for PbR in adult mental health and older people's services are extended to cover the non overlapping needs of people with intellectual disability to provide an integrated framework of health needs usually met by specialist services. A framework of interventions is suggested and components of “assessment” and “therapeutic” activities are outlined. An outcome framework is described. A case example illustrates the application of these components to design a care pathway to provide a personalised, needs led service.

Findings

It is possible to use the principles underlying PbR to commission personalised services of high quality, improved efficiency and thus greater value.

Originality/value

The principles underlying PbR can be used to commission personalised pathways of care in intellectual disability services at a time when this approach is being extended to mental health services nationally.