bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel SETBP1 mutation in a Chinese family with intellectual disability
Authors: Wang Le , Wang Xudong , Yang Bo , Wang Xuemeng , Peng Yuqian , Tan Hangjing , Xiao Hong‐Mei
Published: March 2023

Intellectual disability (ID) is characterized by an IQ < 70, which implies below-average intellectual function and a lack of skills necessary for daily living; ID may occur due to multiple causes, such as metabolic, infectious, and chromosomal causes. ID affects approximately 1–3% of the population, but the cause can be identified in only 25% of clinical patients. In order to find the cause of genetic ID in a family, we performed whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to confirm the presence of an SETBP1 mutation and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect SETBP1 expression in the proband and normal controls. A novel mutation, c.942_943insGT (p.Asp316TrpfsTer28) in the SETBP1 gene was found. Further, we observed that SETBP1 expression in patients was only 20% that of normal controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we found a heterozygous mutation in SETBP1 associated with ID and provided further evidence for its genetic basis and support for clinical genetic diagnosis.
Multiple Scales Analysis of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Coupled Acoustic Modes in a Quasi 1-D Duct
Authors: kumar Swarnalatha Kathalagiri Vasantha , Rani Sarma L.
Published: March 2023

We present novel solutions based on the method of multiple scales (MMS) to the nonlinear equations governing the time-dependent amplitudes of coupled acoustic modes in a quasi one-dimensional duct with non-uniform cross-section and axially inhomogeneous mean velocity, temperature and pressure. The modal amplitude equations constitute a multi-degree-of-freedom system of linearly and nonlinearly coupled ordinary differential equations with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. Due to the presence of both quadratic and cubic terms, the perturbation expansion for the MMS solution necessary includes terms of three orders, 𝑂(𝜖), 𝑂(𝜖2) and 𝑂(𝜖3). In addition to the MMS solutions, those obtained using the Krylov-Bogoliubov method of averaging (KBMA) are presented. The MMS and KBMA solutions are in good agreement with each other and with the numerical solutions to the governing equations. Two representative internal resonance cases that arise in a two-mode system are considered, i.e., 𝜔2 ≈ 2𝜔1 and 𝜔2 ≈ 3𝜔1, where 𝜔1 and 𝜔2 are the linear natural frequencies of the modes. For the 𝜔2 ≈ 2𝜔1 case, both the numerical and KBMA solutions contain low- frequency oscillations in the outer envelope of the limit-cycle like oscillations, but the method of multiple scales does not capture these oscillations. It was observed that when the amplitude equations are linearly uncoupled, the low-frequency oscillations in the outer envelope disappear. The criteria for the stability of the limit cycles are analyzed using the MMS and the KBMA solutions and the stability boundaries illustrated.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient under maintenance haemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Shimamoto Yuki , Sasaki Hirohito , Kasuno Kenji , Watanabe Yuki , Sakashita Sayumi , Nishikawa Sho , Nishimori Kazuhisa , Morita Sayu , Nishikawa Yudai , Kobayashi Mamiko , Fukushima Sachiko , Enomoto Soichi , Takahashi Naoki , Hamano Tadanori , Sakamaki Ippei , Iwasaki Hiromichi , Iwano Masayuki
Published: March 2023

Background

Endothelial dysfunction is common in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis, and is a major cause of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Recently, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to cause endothelial dysfunction by infecting vascular endothelial cells. Several cases of neurological complications in patients without kidney dysfunction, and only a few cases in patients with chronic kidney disease, have been reported in the literature. However, no previous report has yet described PRES associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients undergoing maintenance dialysis.

Case presentation

A 54-year-old woman undergoing maintenance haemodialysis was admitted to our hospital for epilepticus. She subsequently developed end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) secondary to diabetic nephropathy. Seven days prior to admission, she had developed fever and was diagnosed with COVID-19. After diagnosis, her blood pressure increased from 160/90 mmHg to approximately 190/100 mmHg. On admission, she presented with severe hypertension (> 220/150 mmHg), unconsciousness, and epilepticus. CT tomography revealed no signs of brain haemorrhage. Cranio-spinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed no signs of encephalitis, and CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 was negative. MRI findings revealed focal T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the bilateral parietooccipital regions, leading to the diagnosis of PRES. Deep sedation and strict blood pressure control resulted in a rapid improvement of her symptoms, and she was discharged without sequelae.

Conclusions

Herein, we report the first case of PRES associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis are at high risk of PRES because of several risk factors. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes direct invasion of endothelial cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), initiating cytokine release, and hypercoagulation, leading to vascular endothelial cell injury and increased vascular leakage. In the present case, SARS-CoV-2 infection may have triggered the development of PRES.
Art Therapy-based interventions to address burnout and psychosocial distress in healthcare workers - a systematic review
Authors: Tjasink Megan , Keiller Eleanor , Stephens Madison , Carr Catherine Elizabeth , Priebe Stefan
Published: March 2023

Background
Burnout is a serious and growing issue for healthcare workers (HCWs) and healthcare systems across the globe. Art Therapy has demonstrated promise as a suitable intervention. This review aims to ascertain what art therapy-based interventions used to address burnout and / or psychosocial distress in HCWs have been reported in the health and social care literature and how these have been evaluated.
Methods
Six databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ProQuest Central), Google Scholar and three clinical trial registries (CENTRAL, ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched for studies using art therapy-based methods to engage with burnout risk or psychosocial distress in HCWs. Following screening for eligibility study characteristics and outcomes were extracted by two reviewers independently. Studies were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Outcomes were grouped for analysis. Quantitative and qualitative results were synthesised and integrated using narrative synthesis.
Results
Twenty-seven studies, drawn from thirteen countries, spanning five continents were selected for inclusion. Fifty percent were published in the last five years, indicating growing global research in the field. Fourteen studies used quantitative research methods and thirteen used qualitative methods. A total of 1580 participants took part in the studies, with nurses most broadly represented (59%). Interventions were mostly delivered in groups (95%) and by an art therapist (70%). Heterogeneity and insufficient randomised controlled trials precluded the possibility of meta-analysis. However, a review of available data showed evidence of medium to large effects for emotional exhaustion (burnout), work-related stress and common mental health issues. A content analysis of qualitative data of perceived effect complemented quantitative findings.
Conclusion
Global research into the use of art therapy-based methods to address burnout and psychosocial distress in HCWs is growing. Whilst further high-quality evidence such as randomised controlled trials would be beneficial, findings suggest that art therapy-based methods should be strongly considered as an acceptable and effective treatment for symptoms of emotional exhaustion (burnout) and psychosocial distress in HCWs.
Sustainable Hydrodynamic of Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression Model to Lane Change Serious Conflict at Unsignalized Intersection on Malaysia’s Federal Route
Authors: Mustakim Fajaruddin , Aziz Azlan Abdul , Ahmad Mohammad Nazir , Jamian Saifulnizan B.
Published: March 2023

The neural network approach is used to resolve the interdependencies between inputs and outputs in a major conflict on the Malaysian Federal Route’s unsignalized intersection (UI). Two group of dataset being use in this study, they are right turning motor vehicle (RTMs) which consist eight hundred forty five data and serious conflict lane change model, consist three hundred sixty three dataset. The aim of the study are to develop serious conflict lane change model by using artificial neuron network (ANN) and logistic regression method (LRM) and to identify the risk of right turning motor vehicle (RTMs) behaviour. The input data consists traffic behaviour, type of gap, road geometry and traffic facilities. Subsequently the output data will be lane change serious conflict, the study utilize SPSS 26 statistic software. The first section of the study covers the neural network, while the second section describes the strategy utilised to analyse the scientific work.
Third part cover the simple analysis of lane change serious conflict and analysis of gap types. Last part is comparison result between logistic regression method and artificial neuron network. This study reveals that lane change due angular conflict, speed limit 50kph, Gap 3 type, second passenger car, motorcycles, motorcycle stop near passenger car, traffic light and lane width were found significance in lane change serious conflict models. The study has determine that RTMs is motorcycle as vulnerable mode of transport. Besides, this study found that the combination between both method ANN and LRM sustainable hydrodynamic and complement each other especially on explaining the outcomes result.
Multimaterial Fiber is a Physical Simulator of a Capillary Instability
Authors: de Lima Camila Faccini , Wang Fan , Johnson Steven , Gumennik Alexander
Published: March 2023

The capillary breakup of cores is an exclusive approach to fabricating fiber-integrated optoelectronics and photonics. A physical understanding of this fluid-dynamic process is necessary for yielding the desired solid-state fiber-embedded multimaterial architectures by design rather than by exploratory search. We discover that the nonlinearly complex and, at times, even chaotic capillary breakup of multimaterial fiber cores becomes predictable when the fiber is exposed to the spatiotemporal temperature profile, imposing a viscosity modulation comparable to the breakup wavelength. The profile acts as a notch filter, allowing only that single wavelength out of the continuous spectrum to develop predictably, following Euler-Lagrange dynamics. We argue that this understanding not only enables designing the outcomes of the breakup necessary for turning it into a technology for materializing fiber-embedded functional systems but positions a multimaterial fiber as a universal physical simulator of capillary instability in viscous threads.
Error Mitigation Thresholds in Noisy Quantum Circuits
Authors: Niroula Pradeep , Gopalakrishnan Sarang , Gullans Michael
Published: March 2023

Extracting useful information from noisy near-term quantum simulations requires error mitigation strategies. A broad class of these strategies rely on precise characterization of the noise source. We study the performance of such strategies when the noise is imperfectly characterized. We adapt an Imry-Ma argument to predict the existence of an error mitigation threshold for random spatially local circuits in spatial dimensions D ≥ 2: characterization disorder below the threshold rate allows for error mitigation up to times that scale with the number of qubits. For one-dimensional circuits, by contrast, mitigation fails at an O(1) time for any imperfection in the characterization of disorder. We discuss implications for tests of quantum computational advantage, fault-tolerant probes of measurement-induced phase transitions, and quantum algorithms in near-term devices.
Improvements to diagnosis peripheral lung lesions with a hand- drawn bronchial map: a cohort study
Authors: Wu Shengchang , Zhou Hongbin , Duan Ting , Cao Liming , Ni Feihua , Shao Fangchun
Published: March 2023

Peripheral lung lesions (PLLs) have become common findings in routine medical practice. To evaluate whether the hand-drawn bronchial map (HBM) can increase the diagnostic yield of bronchoscope for PLLs. A study on the evaluation of this method for the diagnosis of PPLs was conducted on patients from January 2020 to December 2020 in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital. Patients who underwent transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) with HBM were included in the HBM group and enrolled into the NHBM group without HBM. A total of 105 patients were included. 71 patients were in the HBM group and 34 patients were in the NHBM group. Overall, 61 (61.62%) of the confirmed lesions were malignant and adenocarcinoma was the main type. 38 (38.38%) lesions were benign. The overall determined diagnostic yield of benign lesions and malignant lesions was no significant difference (P = 0.101). When lesion > 20 mm and ≤ 30 mm, the diagnostic yield in HBM group was significantly higher than that in NHBM group (80.77% vs 45.45%, p=0.032). Compared to the NHBM group, endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) detection rate in the HBM group had significantly higher diagnostic yield (83.1% vs 58.82%, p=0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that only lesion > 2cm and the bronchial generation of lesion ≤ 5th generation affected diagnostic yield. A hand-drawn bronchial map with high convenience and low cost greatly increases EBUS detection rate and diagnostic yield of bronchoscope for PPLs.
Beyond the effects of HIV infection and integrase inhibitors-based therapies on oral bacteriome
Authors: Villoslada-Blanco Pablo , Pérez-Matute Patricia , Recio-Fernández Emma , Íñiguez María , Blanco-Navarrete Pilar , Metola Luis , Ibarra Valvanera , Alba Jorge , de Toro María , Oteo José A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Oral microbiome is the second largest microbial community in humans after gut. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection triggers an impairment of the immune system which could favour the growth and the colonization of pathogens in the oral cavity, and this dysbiosis has been associated with oral manifestations that worsen the quality of life of these patients. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) could also drive changes in specific oral bacterial taxa associated with such periodontal diseases. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), therapy of choice in the treatment of naive HIV-patients, are able to reverse the impact of HIV infection on systemic inflammation, gut permeability and gut bacterial diversity/richness. The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of HIV infection per se and INSTIs on salivary bacteriome composition, taking into consideration other factors such as smoking, that could also have a significant impact on oral microbiome. Methods: To accomplish this objective, 26 non-HIV-infected volunteers and 30 HIV-infected patients (15 naive and 15 under INSTI-regimen) were recruited. Salivary samples were collected to measure lysozyme levels. Oral bacteriome composition was analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Naive HIV-infected patients showed statistically higher levels of lysozyme compared to controls (p < 0.001) and INSTIs-treated patients (p < 0.05). Our study was unable to detect differences in α nor β-diversity among the three groups analysed, although significant differences in the abundance of some bacterial taxonomical orders were detected. These differences seem to be partially independent of smoking habit. Conclusions: HIV infection and INSTIs effects on oral microbiota seem not to be very potent, probably due to the modulation of other factors such as smoking and the greatest outward exposure of the oral cavity.
ANO7 African-ancestral genomic diversity and advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Hayes Vanessa , Jiang Jue , Soh Pamela , Mutambirwa Shingai , Haiman Christopher , Bornman Riana , Jaratlerdsiri Weerachai
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health burden for African men, with mortality rates more than double global averages. The prostate specific Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) gene linked with poor patient outcomes, has recently been identified as the target for an African-specific protein-truncating PCa risk allele.
METHODS: Here we determined the role of ANO7 in a study of 889 men from southern Africa, leveraging exomic genotyping array PCa case-control data (n=780, 17 ANO7 alleles) and deep sequenced whole genome data for germline and tumour ANO7 interrogation (n=109), while providing clinicopathologically matched European derived sequence data comparative analyses (n=57). Associated predicted deleterious variants (PDVs) were further assessed for impact using computational protein structure analysis.
RESULTS: Notably rare in European patients, we found the common African PDV p.Ile740Leu variant (rs74804606) to be associated with PCa risk in our case-control analysis (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, false discovery rate/FDR=0.03), while sequencing revealed cooccurrence with the recently reported African-specific deleterious risk variant p.Ser914* (rs60985508). Additional findings include, a novel protein truncating African-specific frameshift variant p.Asp789Leu, African-relevant PDVs associated with altered protein structure at Ca2+-binding sites, early-onset PCa associated with PDVs and germline structural variants in Africans (Linear regression models, -6.42 years, 95% CI=-10.68 to -2.16, P-value=0.003) and ANO7 as an inter-chromosomal PCa-related gene fusion partner in African derived tumours.
CONCLUSIONS: Here we provide not only validation for ANO7 as an African-relevant protein-altering PCa risk locus, but additional evidence for a role of inherited and acquired ANO7 variance in the observed phenotypic heterogeneity and African ancestral health disparity.
Prevalence and Clinical characteristics of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization in Syrian children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Nerabieah Zuhair , AlKhouli Muaaz , Dashash Mayssoon
Published: March 2023

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in Syrian children and to provide information about clinical patterns and severity of MIH lesions. A sample of 1138 children aged 8–11 years was recruited for this cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of MIH was made using the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) and the MIH/HPSMs short charting form was used to score the index teeth. The results showed that the prevalence of MIH in Syrian children was 39.9%. Demarcated opacities were the most prevalent pattern of MIH defects on Permanent first molars (PFMs) and permanent incisors (PIs). Spearman rank correlation showed that the mean number of PIs and HPSMs with MIH increased when the number of affected PFMs was increased (P < 0.001). Independent t-test resulted that girls showed a higher number of severe PFMs than boys did with a statistically significant difference (t = 1.77, P < 0.05). Moreover, the independent t-test showed that the number of severe PFMs is higher than the number of severe PIs with a statistically significant difference (t = 1.99, P < 0.05). In addition, the mean dmft/DMFT index in children with MIH was found to be significantly higher than children without MIH (P༜0.05). The findings emphasize the need for early identification and management of MIH in children to prevent adverse effects on their oral health.
Clinical and neuroimaging characteristics in mild-type infantile acute subdural hematoma: a report of four cases
Authors: Aoki Nobuhiko
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Infantile acute subdural hematoma (IASDH) has a limited age distribution and mostly benign clinical features. Mild-type IASDH has a stereotypical clinical course that, however, has been described in only a few studies.
Methods
Four male infants (aged 6–10 months; mean age: 7.5 months) were diagnosed with mild-type IASDH associated with retinal hemorrhage (RH) after suffering from occipital impact in a fall. The present case series reviews their clinical features and neuroimaging findings, including CT and MRI findings.
Results
All infants fell backwards from a standing or sitting position onto a soft surface, striking the occipital region. They began crying on impact and then soon afterwards exhibited seizure-like activity or recurrent vomiting. CT and MRI revealed a thin, unclotted subdural hematoma (SDH) without mass effect or brain parenchymal abnormality. Various degrees of bilateral retinal hemorrhage (RH) were observed. On the day of symptom onset, all infants returned to baseline, and follow-up for more than 5 years revealed normal development with no deficits.
Conclusions
Mild-type IASDH with retinal hemorrhage presents with seizure-like activity or recurrent vomiting preceded by crying after an occipital impact on a soft surface. The clinical course of IASDH is followed by rapid recovery on the day of symptom onset. CT and MRI findings reveal a small, unclotted subdural hematoma (SDH) without a mass effect or cerebral parenchymal abnormality.
Gastroblastoma without GLI1 and EWSR1 gene breaks
Authors: Gong Can , Xu Jun yi , Qiao Shu ye , Zhang Xue mei , Yi Min
Published: March 2023

Gastroblastoma (GB),a newly discovered gastric tumor with epithelial and diaphthytal differentiation,was first reported in 2009 by Miettinen et al. So far,a total of 17 cases have been reported in domestic and foreign literature,of which 13 cases were reported in the English literature,4 cases were reported in the Chinese literature,6 of 17 cases had confirmed MALAT1-GLI1 fusion gene;1 case found EWSR1-CTBP1 fusion gene. WHO (2019) included the classification of digestive system tumors for the first time. Because gastroblastoma is very rare and has a bidirectional differentiation in morphology,the differential diagnosis of them with other bidirectional tumors of the stomach (such as synovial sarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma) and various gastric tumors characterized by relatively mild epithelioid or spindle cells has become very difficult and easy to misdiagnosis. In this paper,a 19-year-old woman,reviewed the relevant literature,summarized the findings,discussed the clinical characteristics,pathological histology,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis,so as to improve clinical and pathological awareness of the disease,and reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
Hepatozoon spp. infection in wild canids in the eastern United States
Authors: Baker Eliza , Jensen Alex , Miller Debra , Garrett Kayla Buck , Cleveland Christopher A. , Brown Justin , Why Kyle , Gerhold Richard
Published: March 2023

Background: Hepatozoon spp. are apicomplexan parasites known to cause musculoskeletal disease in a variety of animals. Two species are known to infect wild and domestic canids in the United States: H. canis and H. americanum.
Methods: In this study, blood, heart, and/or spleen samples were collected from 278 wild canids (180 coyotes, 93 red foxes, and 5 gray foxes) in the eastern United States and tested via PCR for Hepatozoon. Necropsies were performed when whole carcasses were available (n=94), and histology slides of heart and skeletal muscle were assessed for Hepatozoon cysts and associated inflammation.
Results: Hepatozoon spp. were found in 24.2% (59/278) of individuals, with H. canis in 14.0% (34/278) and H. americanum in 10.7% (26/278). One coyote was positive for both H. canis and H. americanum. Foxes were more likely to be positive for H. canis than coyotes (23% and 7% respectively, p=0.0008), while only coyotes were positive for H. americanum. Of the eight sampled states, H. canis was present in six while H. americanum was found in two southern states (South Carolina and Louisiana). Infection status was positively correlated with myositis and myocarditis, and heart or muscle cysts were found in 83% (5/6) of H. americanum-positive coyotes.
Conclusion: This survey showed a moderate prevalence of Hepatozoon spp. in states where the parasite was previously unrecorded including Tennessee, South Carolina, and Pennsylvania.
Comparison of different fibula procedures in tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis with a retrograde intramedullary nail: a mid-term retrospective study
Authors: He Wenbao , Zhou Haichao , Li Zhendong , Zhao Youguang , Xia Jiang , Li Yongqi , Chen Cheng , Huang Hui , Zhang Yi , Li Bing , Yang Yunfeng
Published: March 2023

Background: Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis with a retrograde intramedullary nail for severe tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis shows a high fusion rate, but no studies focused on how to handle the fibula intraoperatively could achieve better results. The study aims to compare the effects of different fibular procedures.
Methods: We performed a retrospective review of severe tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis in adults treated with TTC arthrodesis by retrograde intramedullary nail between January 2012 and July 2017, totally 58 patients were enrolled in the final analysis with an average age of 53.2 (range 32 to 69) years old, and they were divided into 3 groups according to different fibular procedures: fibular osteotomy (FO, n=21), fibular strut (FS, n=19) and fibular preserving (FP, n=18). Functional outcome and pain were assessed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle and hindfoot score (AOFAS) and visual analogue scales (VAS). Operation time, fusion time, radiographic evaluation and complications were also recorded.
Results: The mean postoperative follow-up was 66.0 (range 60 to 78) months. All groups showed a high fusion rate (90.5% for FO, 94.7% for FS, and 94.4% for FP), significant improvement in AOFAS ankle and hindfoot score and VAS score at the latest follow-up. There were no significant differences among the 3 groups for these parameters. The mean operation time of FS (131.3±17.1min) was longer than that of FO (119.3±11.7min) and FS (112.2±12.6min) but the fusion time was shorter (15.1±2.8 weeks for FS, 17.2±1.9 weeks for FO and 16.8±1.9 weeks for FP ). These parameters showed great statistical differences.
Conclusion: Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis by retrograde intramedullary nail is an effective procedure to treat severe tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis in adults, fibular strut can shorten fusion time when compared with fibular osteotomy and fibular preserving.
Nonlinear changes in delayed functional network topology in Alzheimer’s disease: relationship with amyloid and tau pathology
Authors: Mijalkov Mite , Veréb Dániel , Canal-Garcia Anna , Hinault Thomas , Volpe Giovanni , Pereira Joana B.
Published: March 2023

Background
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with the abnormal deposition of pathological processes, such as amyloid-ß and tau, which produces nonlinear changes in the functional connectivity patterns between different brain regions across the Alzheimer’s disease continuum. However, the mechanisms underlying these nonlinear changes remain largely unknown. Here, we address this question using a novel method based on temporal or delayed correlations and calculate new whole-brain functional networks to tackle these mechanisms.
Methods
To assess our method, we evaluated 166 individuals from the ADNI database, including amyloid-beta negative and positive cognitively normal subjects, patients with mild cognitive impairment, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia. We used the clustering coefficient and the global efficiency to measure the functional network topology and assessed their relationship with amyloid and tau pathology measured by positron emission tomography, as well as cognitive performance using tests measuring memory and global cognition.
Results
Our study found nonlinear changes in the global efficiency, but not in the clustering coefficient, showing that the nonlinear changes in functional connectivity are due to an altered ability of brain regions to communicate with each other through direct paths. These changes were most prominent in early disease stages, while later stages of Alzheimer’s disease were associated with more widespread network disruptions characterized by additional clustering changes. Both network measures, i.e., global efficiency and clustering, showed quadratic associations with pathological amyloid and tau burden as well as cognitive decline.
Conclusions
This study suggests that global efficiency is a more sensitive indicator of network changes in Alzheimer’s disease when compared to clustering coefficient. Both network properties were associated with pathology and cognitive performance, demonstrating their relevance in clinical settings. Our findings provide an insight into the mechanisms underlying nonlinear changes in functional network organization in Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that it is the lack of direct connections what drives these functional changes.
Optical soliton solutions of dispersive Schrödinger-Hirota equation with chromatic and inter-modal dispersion in a couple of law medium
Authors: Onder Ismail , Esen Handenur , Secer Aydin , Ozisik Muslum , Bayram Mustafa
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the dispersive Schrödinger-Hirota equation with Kerr and parabolic laws in the presence of chromatic and intermodal dispersions were investigated for the first time. The Sinh-Gordon equation expansion method (ShGEEM) was used to get analytical optical solutions of the models. As a result of the application, dark, bright, kink and singular soliton solutions were obtained. 3D, 2D and contour plots of the obtained results were depicted. In addition, the effect of the changing parameter on the wave behavior was investigated and simulated by 2D plots. Due to the fact that the method is applicable and easy to use, no restrictions were encountered. It can be emphasized that the obtained soliton solutions and parameter analyses are innovative for the related investigations in the literature.
Sequential decomposition of discrete-time partially observed mean-field games
Authors: Vasal Deepanshu
Published: March 2023

We consider both finite and infinite horizon discounted mean-field games with imperfect observations where there is a large population of homogeneous players sequentially making strategic decisions and each player is affected by other players through an aggregate population state. Each player has a private state that she doesn’t perfectly observe but rather makes noisy observations about it. We first define a private belief stateof a player that is her belief on her own type given her information till time t and a joint common state on an archetypical player’s type and her private belief. Mean-field equilibrium (MFE) is then defined as a solution of coupled Bellman dynamic programming backward equation and Fokker Planck forward equation, where a player’s strategy in an MFE depends on both, her private belief state and current joint common state. In this paper, we present a novel backward recursive algorithm to compute all MFEs of the game. Each step in this algorithm consists of solving a fixed-point equation. We provide sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of this fixed-point equation for each time t.
Anxiety and depression among caregivers of pediatric patients with tic disorder in western China: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Zheng , Yang Chunsong , Yu Dan , Zeng Linan , Jia Zhi-Jun , Cheng Guo , Zhang Lingli
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and potential influencing factors of anxiety and depression among caregivers of Chinese pediatric patients with TD.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on caregivers of pediatric patients with TD at a women’s and children’s hospital in western China from January to June 2021. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS), respectively.
Results: A total of 318 participants were included in this study, with a response rate of 89.58% (318/355). The average age of pediatric patients with TD was 8.38 ± 2.54 years, and 78.30% (249/318) of caregivers were aged between 30-50 years old. Overall, 14.78% (47/318) of caregivers presented the symptom of anxiety, with a mean SAS score of 54.81±5.26, and 19.81% (63/318) of caregivers presented the symptom of depression, with a mean SDS score of 59.64±5.83. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis revealed that the common family relationship and solitary pediatric patients were significantly associated with anxiety in caregivers of pediatric patients with TD, as well as the single-parent family, mistaken cognition of TD, and fewer friends of pediatric patients were significantly associated with depression.
Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among caregivers of TD pediatric patients, which brings up the importance of psychiatric support for this group. Longitudinal studies need to be conducted to further confirm the causality before interventions to improve mental health are developed.
Synergistic antimicrobial system based on nisin and α-hydroxy acid
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhao Fengju , Lei Bingshuang , Yang Wei , Guo Lili , Qian Junqing
Published: March 2023

Synergistic antimicrobial is a promising way to overcome microbial contamination in food and drugs. In the study, the synergistic effect between nisin and each α-hydroxy acid on E. coli and S. aureus was investigated. The experimental results showed that the combined antibacterial ability of nisin-citric acid system was the most prominent. The FCI index also indicated that the combination of nisin and citric acid had synergistic effects on E. coli. When nisin was combined with citric acid, the inhibition rates of E. coli and S. aureus were increased to 4.43 and 1.49 times, respectively. Nisin-citric acid complex system could effectively slow down the proliferation of S. aureus and E. coli at lower concentrations, and can quickly destroy the cell membrane after 4 hours of action. Therefore, the combination of nisin and citric acid is expected to be a potential solution for food and drug preservation.
Impact of therapeutic and prophylactic anticoagulation after soft tissue tumor resection and microsurgical defect coverage in patients with high-risk coagulopathies or vascular diseases
Authors: Daniel Bassem W. , Thielmann Julien , Dragu Adrian , Alawi Seyed Arash
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The wide resection and microsurgical free flap coverage are main pillars of the multimodal treatment of soft tissue malignancies. In the challenging subpopulation of patients with preexisting hypercoagulabilities or documented vascular diseases, perioperative bridging anticoagulation is advised, which is considered by some surgeons as challenging. The authors investigate the outcomes and complication in this subpopulation shedding light on prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation.
Material and Methods: A retrospective, monocentric evaluation of all patients with malignant soft tissue tumors undergoing tumor resection and defect reconstruction was performed from 2005 to 2021 in a comprehensive cancer care center for soft tissue tumors. The main inclusion criterium was preoperative anticoagulation therapy due to documented cardiovascular comorbidities or coagulopathies. Bridging was performed with an alternative anticoagulation regimen, either prophylactic or therapeutic. The demographics, bridging regimens, outcomes and complications are reported and compared between the two bridging groups.
Results: Out of 240 soft tissue tumor patients receiving reconstructive microsurgical coverage 26 patients received 29 free flaps. Of these, 13 patients received prophylactic bridging (PB) while the other 13 received therapeutic bridging (TB). The flap survival rate was 85.7% in the PB and 66.7% in TB (p = 0.39). Overall postoperative complications were slightly greater in the therapeutic anticoagulation cohort, however, with no significant preference for a complication type.
Conclusion Therapeutic bridging of high-risk patients with hypercoagulopathies or vascular diseases increases the overall surgical sites complications. When a clear systemic benefit of therapeutic anticoagulation is not present, a surgery related benefit is highly questionable.
Uhlmann phase of coherent states and the Uhlmann-Berry correspondence
Authors: Wang Xin , Hou Xu-Yang , Zhou Zheng , Guo Hao , Chien Chih-Chun
Published: March 2023

We first compare the geometric frameworks behind the Uhlmann and
Berry phases in a fiber-bundle language and then evaluate the Uhlmann
phases of bosonic and fermionic coherent states. The Uhlmann phases of
both coherent states are shown to carry geometric information and
decrease smoothly with temperature. Importantly, the Uhlmann phases
approach the corresponding Berry phases as temperature decreases.
Together with previous examples in the literature, we propose a
correspondence between the Uhlmann and Berry phases in the
zero-temperature limit as a general property except some special cases
and present a conditional proof of the correspondence.
Application of Stem Cells in Endodontics
Authors: Vishwanathaiah Satish
Published: March 2023

The discovery of stem cells in dental pulp has expanded our understanding concerning the various mechanisms that play a substantial role in the maintenance of dental pulp homeostasis to improve health and also regarding the pulp response to injury. Stems cells play a pivotal role in the physiology of the dental pulp tissue throughout the entire lifespan of the tooth. The ideology that these cells are intimately associated with regulating pulp angiogenesis as a response to cariogenic challenges is also inferred. In recent times, we are witnessing an increasing number of passionate individuals showing enthusiasm in the field of regenerative endodontics as stem cells exhibit potential benefits in dental pulp tissue engineering. The article here focuses predominantly on stem cells—the dental stem cells and non-dental stem cells which play an active part in benefitting pulpal necrosis tooth, the cardinal objective of these cells in the field of endodontic therapy, and the current, as well as the future role, stem cells could play in the clinical practice of endodontics eventually. Keywords: Dental stem cells, Pulpal necrosis, Stem cells, Regenerative.
Numerical simulation of a mechanical flocculation process with multi-chambers in series
Authors: Zong Jie , Yuan Fang , Zhan Minshu , Xu Wei , Cheng Guojian , Yu Aibing
Published: March 2023

A mechanical flocculation system with multi-chambers in series is commonly used as the advanced phosphorus removal technology for wastewater treatment. This work aims to numerically investigate the inner states and overall performance of industrial-scale mechanical flocculators in series. This is based on our previously developed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) flocculation model which is extended to consider the key chemical reactions of phosphorus removal. The effects of the number of flocculation chambers, locations, and sizes of the flocculation chamber connection as well as operational combinations of impeller speeds are investigated. With a decreasing number of flocculation chambers, the main vortexes and chemical reactions are weakened, while the small flocs form. Both the phosphorus removal efficiency η and the average floc size dp reduce as the number of flocculation chambers decreases. The connection location of flocculation chambers directly determines the turbulent flow, thus influencing the key performance indicators. However, the phosphorus removal efficiency η and average particle size dp are little affected by the size of the flocculation chamber connection. As the impeller speeds in series gradually increase, the gradient of floc size distribution in each chamber is enlarged and the chemical reaction is enhanced over the working volume.
In silico Mutagenesis and Modeling of Decoy Peptides Targeting CIB1 to
Obscure its Role in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Shahab Muhammad , Liang Chaoqun , Duan Xiuyuan , Zheng Guojun , Wadood Abdul
Published: March 2023

Background::

Cancer is recognized globally as the second-most dominating and leading cause of morbidities. Breast cancer is the most often diagnosed disease in women and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. In women, 287,850, and in males, 2710 cases were reported in 2022. Approximately 10–20% of all new cases of breast cancer diagnosed in the United States in 2017 were triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), which lack the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).

Objective::

This study aims to adopt different strategies for targeting calcium integrin-binding protein 1 by computer-aided drug design methods. Our results showed that the top four selected peptides interact with CIB1 more strongly than the reference peptide and restore normal cell function by engaging CIB1. Our binding affinity analyses explore an innovative approach to planning a new peptide to inhibit triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods::

Molecular dynamic simulation of the CIB1-UNC10245092 interaction highlights the potential peptide inhibitors through In-silico mutagenesis and designs novel peptide inhibitors from the reference peptide (UNC10245092) through residue scan methodology.

Results::

The top four designed peptides (based on binding free energy) were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations using AMBER to evaluate stability.

Conclusion::

Our results indicate that among the top five selected peptides, the mutant 2nd mutants have more potential to inhibit CIB1 than the reference peptide (UNC10245092) and have the potency to prevent or restore the tumor suppressor function of UNC10245092.
Evaluation of Immunity-related GTPase Family M Protein (IRGM) SNPs
among Egyptian Lupus Patients: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ali Ahmed Y. , Medhat Basma M. , Ashour Sara S. , Badr Amul M. , Dorgham Dalia , Ramadan Hala , Behiry Mervat E.
Published: March 2023

Objective:

One of the potential factors that cause systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) development is autophagy. Immunity-related GTPase family M protein (IRGM) has been shown to be linked to immune-mediated diseases. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of the IRGM-autophagy gene in SLE susceptibility in an Egyptian population and its relation to lupus nephritis.

Methods:

A case-control study was conducted in which a total of 200 subjects (100SLE and 100
healthy controls) were enrolled. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10065172 and
rs4958847) were genotyped. Genotypes and alleles analysis was conducted to compare between
cases and controls, as well as a stratification analysis was conducted on the presence or absence of
lupus nephritis.

Results:

Among selected SNPs of IRGM, no association was found between both SNPs and SLE susceptibility. For rs10065172, the major expressed genotype was CC (61% and 71%) (Adj OR= 2.9, 95%= 0.545-15.5), followed by TC (34% and 27%) (Adj OR= 1.985, 95% = 0.357-11.041) in cases and controls, respectively. For rs4958847, AA and AG were comparably expressed in case [(43% and 39%) (Adj OR= 1.073, 95% = 0.483-2.382)] and control [(41% and 43%) (Adj OR= 1.24, 95% = 0.557- 2.763)], respectively. Additionally, no relationship among both SNPs and gen-der, lupus nephritis, disease activity, or disease duration, was observed

Conclusion:

IRGM SNPs (rs10065172 and rs4958847) expression was comparable among SLE patients and controls of the Egyptian cohort. Genotype and allele frequency of IRGM SNPs did not differ in lupus nephritis and non-lupus nephritis patients
Some Growth Properties of Integer Translated Composite Entire and Meromorphic Functions on the Basis of (p, q, t)L-th Order and (p, q, t)L-th Type
Authors: Biswas Tanmay , Biswas Chinmay
Published: March 2023

In this chapter, we establish some new results depending on the
comparative growth properties of the composition of integer translated entire and meromorphic functions using (p, q, t)L-th order and (p, q, t)L-th type.
On Generalized Growth rates of Integer Translated Entire and Meromorphic Functions
Authors: Biswas Tanmay , Biswas Chinmay
Published: March 2023

The theory of entire and meromorphic functions is a very important area of complex analysis. This monograph aims to expand the discussion about some growth properties of integer translated composite entire and meromorphic functions on the basis of their (p,q,t)L -order and (p,q,t)L -type.

This book presents six chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the reader to the preliminary definitions and notations. Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 discuss some results related to (p; q; t) L-th order and (p; q; t)L-th lower order of composite entire and meromorphic functions on the basis of their integer translation. Chapter 4 establishes some relations of integer translated composite entire and meromorphic functions based on their (p; q; t) L-th type and (p; q; t) L-th weak type. Chapter 5 deals with some results about (p; q; t) L-th order and (p; q; t) L-th type of composite entire and meromorphic functions on the basis of their integer translation. Chapter 6 focuses on some results about (p; q; t) L-th order and (p; q; t) L-th type of composite entire and meromorphic functions on the basis of their integer translation.

This monograph will be very helpful for postgraduates, researchers, and faculty members interested in value distribution theorems in complex mathematical analysis.
Exploring the Acceptability of Text Messages to Inform and Support Shared Decision-making for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Online Panel Survey
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Lazard Allison J , Reffner Collins Meredith K , Brenner Alison T , Heiling Hillary M , Deal Allison M , Crockett Seth D , Reuland Daniel S , Elston Lafata Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Background

While online portals may be helpful to engage patients in shared decision-making at the time of cancer screening, because of known disparities in patient portal use, sole reliance on portals to support cancer screening decision-making could exacerbate well-known disparities in this health care area. Innovative approaches are needed to engage patients in health care decision-making and to support equitable shared decision-making.

Objective

We assessed the acceptability of text messages to engage sociodemographically diverse individuals in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening decisions and support shared decision-making in practice.

Methods

We developed a brief text message program offering educational information consisting of components of shared decision-making regarding CRC screening (eg, for whom screening is recommended, screening test options, and pros/cons of options). The program and postprogram survey were offered to members of an online panel. The outcome of interest was program acceptability measured by observed program engagement, participant-reported acceptability, and willingness to use similar programs (behavioral intent). We evaluated acceptability among historically marginalized categories of people defined by income, literacy, and race.

Results

Of the 289 participants, 115 reported having a low income, 146 were Black/African American, and 102 had less than extreme confidence in their health literacy. With one exception, we found equal or greater acceptability, regardless of measure, within each of the marginalized categories of people compared to their counterparts. The exception was that participants reporting an income below US $50,000 were less likely to engage with sufficient content of the program to learn that there was a choice among different CRC screening tests (difference –10.4%, 95% CI –20.1 to –0.8). Of note, Black/African American participants reported being more likely to sign up to receive text messages from their doctor’s office compared to white participants (difference 18.7%, 95% CI 7.0-30.3).

Conclusions

Study findings demonstrate general acceptance of text messages to inform and support CRC screening shared decision-making.