bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RUSSIAN-GERMAN INTERACTION IN TERMS OF EUROPEAN POLICY OF CONTAINMENT: TO INTERRUPT IT’S IMPOSSIBLE TO SUPPORT
Authors: Andreeva E. L.
Published: January 2024

The policy of sanctions’ restrictions, being persistently carried out by the European countries, isn’t crowned with expected results and has more sharply attracted attention to European problems. The hypothesis is, that immersing into economic withstanding leads into trajectory of discussing in ideological context. Value problematic becomes important because liberalism has stopped be identified with idea of freedom and something common in human nature, we need search for possible variant of common existence in the future Europe – for rightful dialogue originated from pluralism of values, not from conditions of deal, whether the “grain”, “gas” or “green climate”. Germany and Russia were always connected by dependent relations, which determined it’s important role in Europe. The stereotype of “notorious German legitimacy, following the order established”, according to which Germany more needs habitual longstanding coordinates then abstract freedom, keeps hope, that Germany the first will realize and continue to uphold the single and multivariant possibility of existence of the Europe common with Russia, of continuing the interaction with Russia in the most important questions: military and energetic safety, economic and investment cooperation, scientific and cultural-educational exchange. Russian-German relations were traditionally a guarantor of stable Europe and its worthy place in global architecture. There will be no exclusion now. Rules will change, but place and role of Russia on Eurasian continent for objective reasons is an axiom and isn’t a subject to reconsideration by initiators of withstanding. Their destructive role consists in cleaning and preparing the place for relations of new level for good of common Europe.
NICHO ECOLÓGICO DE LA Anchoa nasus “SAMASA” EN LA BAHÍA DE PISCO (PERÚ)
Authors: Pasache Medina Gerardo Andrés , Tam Málaga Jorge , Lorenzo Puitiza Alberto , Yábar Torres Guisela , Arones Cahua Italo
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar los efectos de la temperatura, salinidad, oxígeno y clorofila a en la abundancia relativa de Anchoa nasus “samasa” en el área de Pisco, durante los años 2011-2017. Para ello, se realizaron muestreos biométricos, prospecciones oceanográficas y se recolectó información de captura y esfuerzo pesquero. Los datos de abundancia relativa se relacionaron con los datos de los factores ambientales usando un Modelo Aditivo Generalizado (GAM), el límite superior e inferior del nicho ecológico se calculó mediante el enfoque de aproximación de Laplace anidada integrada (INLA). Con el fin de identificar fases temporales durante el periodo de estudio, se realizó un Análisis de Componentes Principales, Análisis de Clasificación y Ordicluster entre fechas en base a las variables ambientales. El nicho ecológico de la samasa en relación a la temperatura superficial se encontró entre 18.15 °C y 21.56 °C, en relación a la salinidad superficial se encontró entre 34.915 y 35.070, con respecto a la clorofila a se encontró a partir de un límite inferior de 8.59 mg· m-3 y referente al oxígeno disuelto en la superficie se halló a partir de 8.02 mg· l-1. Comparado con otras especies, el nicho ecológico de la samasa se ubicó en condiciones: mesófilas, marinas, normóxicas y mesotróficas.
PROPUESTA DE UN ÍNDICE DE AMENAZAS ECOHIDROLÓGICAS PARA LAS UNIDADES HIDROGRÁFICAS DEL PERÚ, APLICADO A LA CUENCA DEL RÍO PISCO
Authors: Garcia Gonzales Erick , Tam Málaga Jorge
Published: January 2024

En esta investigación se propone un “Índice de Amenazas Ecohidrológicas - IAEH”, que consiste en la integración de nueve indicadores, agrupados en dos temas: hidrológicos y bióticos, seleccionados considerando dos criterios: i) la relevancia de los impactos negativos que pueden generar en los ecosistemas acuáticos de la cuenca y ii) la disponibilidad de información libre que existe para su implementación a nivel nacional. El cálculo de los nueve indicadores mencionados se realizó dentro de un Sistemas de Información Geografía (SIG) y se estandarizan estadísticamente a fin de obtener un valor relativo del índice para cada subcuenca analizada. El IAEH se aplicó en la cuenca del río Pisco, en Perú, y se determinó que de las nueve subcuencas evaluadas, una subcuenca se clasifica en el rango de moderada amenaza, tres subcuencas en baja a moderada amenaza y cinco subcuencas en amenaza baja. La información generada es de suma importancia, ya que permite jerarquizar el nivel de amenazas relativas hacia los ecosistemas acuáticos de cada subcuenca (ríos, lagunas y humedales) y, en ese sentido, es una alternativa para llevar a cabo una evaluación rápida, y de baja demanda de recursos, que puede aplicarse en otras cuencas del país, particularmente en cuencas donde la mencionada información es limitada, ofreciendo una herramienta para la priorización de políticas relacionadas con la conservación y protección de los recursos hídricos y los ecosistemas acuáticos en aspectos como la determinación de caudales ecológicos, fajas marginales, zonas de protección y cabeceras de cuencas.
EFECTO DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN FOSFATADA Y DENSIDAD DE SIEMBRA DE TRÉBOL BLANCO EN LA RELACIÓN GRAMÍNEA-LEGUMINOSA EN UN PAJONAL DE PUNA HÚMEDA
Authors: Orellana Javier A. , Aguirre Lucrecia , Flores Enrique R.
Published: January 2024

La introducción de leguminosas exóticas (Trifolium repens) en pajonales de puna húmeda mejora la calidad forrajera, demandando un manejo agronómico adecuado para evitar que la leguminosa exceda límites y afecte la integridad del ecosistema natural. El objetivo fue determinar la influencia de la fertilización fosfatada y densidad de siembra (leguminosa) sobre la proporción gramínea – leguminosa, en un pajonal dominado por Festuca dolichophylla y Calamagrostis vicunarum, durante dos años, a partir de los porcentajes de sobrevivencia, establecimiento y cobertura relativa de trébol blanco, en un área experimental ubicada en la Región Huancavelica de Perú (4 500 msnm). Se utilizó el DCA con arreglo factorial 3x2, con tres dosis de fósforo (0, 15 y 30 g de roca fosfatada) y dos densidades de siembra (20 y 40 semillas por hoyo). La mejor respuesta a la fertilización se obtuvo con la aplicación de 15 g de roca fosfatada por hoyo. La densidad de siembra con la que se obtuvieron los mejores resultados en términos de porcentaje de cobertura del trébol en la pradera nativa fue de 20 semillas por hoyo. Los patrones de cobertura de trébol blanco variaron con la época, con mayores proporciones en la época lluviosa que en la época seca observándose un incremento de la presencia del trébol con los años lo cual no excedió en promedio la relación gramínea leguminosa recomendable. Los ensayos se realizaron en ausencia del pastoreo, factor determinante del balance gramínea – leguminosa. Se recomienda examinar las interacciones entre densidad de siembra y fertilización bajo diferentes esquemas de pastoreo en el balance gramínea – leguminosa y la integridad del ecosistema.
Dysregulated Long Non-coding RNAs in Myasthenia Gravis- A Mini-Review
Authors: Sun Liying , Ye Xuhui , Wang Linlin , Yu Junping , Wu Yan , Hua Yun , Dai Lihua
Published: January 2024

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an acquired autoimmune disease that is
mediated by humoral immunity, supplemented by cellular immunity, along with
participation of the complement system. The pathogenesis of MG is complex; although
autoimmune dysfunction is clearly implicated, the specific mechanism remains unclear.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA molecules with
lengths greater than 200 nucleotides, with increasing evidence of their rich biological
functions and high-level structure conservation. LncRNAs can directly interact with
proteins and microRNAs to regulate the expression of target genes at the transcription
and post-transcription levels. In recent years, emerging studies have suggested that
lncRNAs play roles in the differentiation of immune cells, secretion of immune factors,
and complement production in the human body. This suggests the involvement of
lncRNAs in the occurrence and progression of MG through various mechanisms. In
addition, the differentially expressed lncRNAs in peripheral biofluid may be used as a
biomarker to diagnose MG and evaluate its prognosis. Moreover, with the development
of lncRNA expression regulation technology, it is possible to regulate the differentiation
of immune cells and influence the immune response by regulating the expression of
lncRNAs, which will provide a potential therapeutic option for MG. Here, we review the
research progress on the role of lncRNAs in different pathophysiological events
contributing to MG, focusing on specific lncRNAs that may largely contribute to the
pathophysiology of MG, which could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and
therapeutic targets.
Cord Blood Cortisol Level - A Possible Predictor for Respiratory Distress
Syndrome in Preterm Neonates
Authors: John Thomas Anup , Gunasekaran Dhandapany , Venkatesh Chandrasekaran , Chhavi Nanda , Palanisamy Soundararajan
Published: January 2024

Background::

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a leading cause of death in premature
infants. There are different clinical/ biochemical markers associated with the RDS. One of
the potential biochemical markers is cortisol in cord blood.

Purpose::

This study aims to correlate cortisol levels in preterm neonates with RDS and to establish
whether cord blood cortisol is a reliable predictor for RDS.

Materials and Methods::

This prospective analytical study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital
over nine months among fifty preterm neonates. Data were collected using proforma, and cord
blood was collected at the time of delivery. Cortisol levels were compared and correlated to the development
of RDS.

Results and Discussion:

The mean ± SD cord blood cortisol level among preterm neonates was
5.97 ± 2.74 (SD) μg/dl. The levels were higher in neonates whose mothers received antenatal
steroids and were significantly lower (2.86 ± 1.66 μg/dl) in those who developed RDS. Association
between cord blood cortisol level and RDS was found with an odds ratio of 57.4, which was
statistically significant.
The percentage of babies developing RDS in mothers not covered with antenatal steroids was significantly
higher than those covered (p-value is 0.000).
The mean cord blood cortisol levels were exceptionally low (1.89 μg/dl) in neonates who expired
compared to those who survived (7.02 μg/dl).

Conclusion::

There is an association between cord blood cortisol levels and RDS. Hence, Cord
blood cortisol levels may be used to predict RDS and help initiate early treatment, thus preventing
mortality and morbidity.
A Novel Time-frequency Domain Reflectometry Method Based on
S-transform for Power Cable Defect Localization
Authors: Zhang Lei
Published: January 2024

Background::

The large-scale aging of cross-linked polyethylene (XPLE) leads to an
increase in the frequency of power cable accidents, which poses a threat to the safe operation of
the power grid.

Objective::

Traditional time-frequency domain reflectometry (TFDR) techniques for fault localization
in power cables are susceptible to cross-terms interference, which makes it impossible to
accurately locate defects. To overcome the limitation, this paper has proposed a novel cable fault
localization method based on S-transform.

Method::

The method employs S-transform to perform time-frequency analysis on the collected
signals of TFDR, mapping the time-domain signals into time-frequency domain signals. Then,
cross-correlation of the time-frequency domain signals is estimated, allowing for accurate positioning
of cable defects.

Results::

The results of the field experiments conducted on a 10 kV cross-linked polyethylene cable
with artificially introduced defects have demonstrated that the proposed method could effectively
locate the cable defects with small absolute error.

Conclusion::

Compared to existing TFDR methods, the proposed method has been found to be
free from interference of cross-terms, resulting in higher reliability and smaller blind spots for
detecting cable defects.
Aksesibilitas Lahan Parkir dan Lift bagi Individu Difabel pada Pusat Perbelanjaan di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Wardany Ossy Firstanti , Anindyajati Yasi R , Mujahid Fauzi Nahwah , Himawanto Dwi Aries
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability and accessibility level of parking facility and lift for difable in Surakarta, especially in the shopping centre. The objects of this study was five shopping centres in Surakarta. The research method that used is evaluation approaches, that assess the extent of an object has been achieved in accordance with the standards of Regulation of the Minister of Public Works of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 Year 2006 on Technical Guidelines amenities and accessibility In the Building and Environment. Data were analyzed using statistical descriptions by comparing field data with the standard provisions. The results showed that there is no accessible parking lot for difable and on average, as many as 54, 2% lift is accessible and one shopping centre has reached the 73% accesibility lever for the lift. The shopping centre is the right to acquire accessibility in public spaces for difable, it needs to be upgraded and the addition other facilities.
Eskalasi Usaha Konveksi Kaos dan Seragam Kerja melalui Strategi Kualitas Produk, Layanan Konsumen, dan Perluasan Jaringan Pemasaran melalui E-Commerce pada Wirausaha Forum Difabel Malang Raya (FORDIMARA) di Kota Malang Raya
Authors: Pratiwi Ari , Santoso Edy , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: January 2024

Eskalasi atau peningkatan usaha konveksi kaos dan seragam kerja sangat penting dilakukan dengan strategi peningkatan kualitas produk, layanan konsumen dan perluasan jaringan pemasaran mengingat persaingan yang ketat di usaha konveksi, apalagi usaha ini dilakukan oleh para penyandang disabilitas yang sampai saat ini mengalami stigma miring terhadap keberadaan dan kemampuan mereka. Dalam pengabdian pada masyarakat IbM ini, kualitas produk dapat meningkat melalui pelatihan desain kaos. Layanan terhadap pelanggan dapat meningkat melalui pelatihan layanan. Untuk menjangkau semua segmen pasar, wirausaha difabel mempunyai keterbatasan mobilitas, sehingga yang sangat dipentingkan adalah strategi perluasan jaringan pemasaran tanpa mobilitas, yaitu menggunakan e-comerce. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah terdapat peningkatan dari segi pengetahuan mitra dalam membuat desain kaos, layanan konsumen dan e-commerce. Keterampilan mitra juga meningkat dalam menggunakan laptop, printer, mesin jahit dan mesin bordir serta terdapat peningkatan omzet atau pendapatan mitra pengabdian setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini.
Partisipasi Politik Difabel di Dua Kota
Authors: Gustomy Rachmat
Published: January 2024

Partisipasi politik bukan hanya soal pemilu (turn out voter), namun pengertian lebih luas sebagai keterlibatan dalam perubahan kebijakan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menemukan peta partisipasi politik kelompok difabel dalam 5 bentuk; pemilu, organisasi, contacting, lobby dan violance. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memetakan pola partisipasi kelompok difabel agar nantinya dapat digunakan basis penguatan kapasitas untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan survei di 2 kota di Jawa Timur, yaitu di Kota Malang dan Kota Mojokerto. Survei dilakukan dengan mengambil sampling 56 responden di semua kota. Dari Penelitian ini disimpulkan ada berbedaan antara kesadaran dan tindakan dalam partisipasi politik kelompok difabel. Selain itu partisipasi politik kelompok difabel masih sangat terbatas sehingga tidak mampu mempengaruhi kebijakan publik.
A Juridical Study toward Indonesian Disabilities Right for Public Services Accessibility according to Law No. 8 Year 2016
Authors: Tamba Jefri
Published: January 2024

In this study, the author is very attentive to law for disability. In 2016, the Indonesian government has been launched a recovering law for persons with disabilities, namely Law No. 8 Year 2016. Differ with the previous law, Law No. 4 Year 1997 which still less contains the rights of persons with disabilities, especially on the things of public services accessibility. Hence, regarding to the normative analysis toward Law No. 8 Year 2016 which is used in this study. It found that the Indonesian government is already loaded the persons with disabilities right on public services accessibility. Those listed in Chapter III, Part 15 article 19 on Public Service Rights. Therefore, the development of public service facility for persons with disabilities shall be appropriate to this law. Furthermore, the details of public service in terms of implementation of respect, protection and rights meeting with disabilities are initiated by both central and local governments. All public services in Indonesia should be take attention to the Law No. 8 Year 2016 on Persons with Disabilities.
Implementasi Diversity Program bagi Tenaga Kerja Penyandang Disabilitas pada PT. Wangta Agung Kota Surabaya
Authors: Effendi Arief Burhan , Yunianto Rahaditya
Published: January 2024

This research discusses the implementation of diversity program at PT. Wangta Agung in Surabaya. This research uses qualitative method by interviewing four employees of the company; two employees with disability and two employees without disability. This research uses observation and interview method. The method of analysis is attitude-based method for employees with disabilities. The data of this research were collected through observations and interviews. The result of this research is that the company hires employees with disability that support the value of the organization, apply rules, and provide facilities and infrastructure. The analysis results reveal that the diversity programs are relevant with the employment and organization value for the management of human resource with disabilities. This study shows that the application of diversity program for people with disability on the employees of PT. Wangta Agung in Surabaya has been well managed by the company. The results also show that there is a recruitment system for prospective employees with disabilities.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN YOGHURT SUSU SAPI DENGAN METODE SEDERHANA MENGGUNAKAN LACTOBACILLUS BULGARICUS DAN STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS
Authors:   SMA Negeri 6 Malang, WULANNINGSIH UCIK AGUSTI
Published: January 2024

Yogurt is a dairy product that is fermented using Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus bacteria which are good for digestion so that they can reduce toxic substances. The combination of the two bacteria functions to convert lactose (milk sugar) into lactic acid which can lower pH and can form clots caused by coagulation of milk protein by acid, resulting in a distinctive taste because it contains flavor components such as diacetyl, acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide. The process of making yogurt begins with heating the milk to be fermented at a temperature of 90°C for 15-30 minutes, after which the milk is cooled to a temperature of 40°C, then packaged in bottles or other places. The activity process was carried out in the Yoghurt making training (presentation and demonstration), by Dharma Wanita members at SMA Negeri 6 Malang. This training was conducted to increase the productivity and skills of Dharma Wanita members at SMA Negeri 6 Malang through the use of cow's milk in yogurt. Processing cow's milk will increase the nutritional and economic value of milk. The training on milk processing into yogurt consisted of presentations on the use and processing of milk and training on making yogurt. With the implementation of this training, it is hoped that it can create side jobs for Dharma Wanita members in SMA Negeri 6 Malang so that they can increase income and have an impact on the economic welfare of the family.
Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Defoliasi Terhadap Pembentukan Iklim Mikro dan Pertumbuhan serta Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. Saccharata)
Authors: Wicaksono Cahyo Agum , herlina ninuk
Published: January 2024

Tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L. saccharata) merupakan komoditas pangan yang populer di Indonesia. Laju produksi tanaman jagung manis masih rendah di angka 6-8ton/ha. Penyebab rendahnya produksi tanaman ini adalah terjadinya mutual shading sehingga laju fotosintesis tanaman menjadi kurang optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh defoliasi dan jarak tanam terhadap pembentukan iklim mikro, pertumbuhan dan hasil pada tanaman jagung manis varietas janisa dan untuk menentukan jenis defoliasi dan jarak tanam yang sesuai pada tanaman jagung manis varietas Janisa. Hipotesis dari penelitian adalah jarak tanam yang berbeda membutuhkan tingkat defoliasi yang berbeda untuk mendapatkan pembentukan iklim mikro dan pertumbuhan yang baik serta hasil yang tinggi pada tanaman jagung manis varietas Janisa. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Gresik, Provinsi Jawa Timur pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Oktober 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi terhadap 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi jarak tanam dan defoliasi tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap luas daun, panjang tongkol dan diameter tongkol tetapi berpengaruh nyata pada pembentukan iklim mikro, dan hasil tanaman. Penggunaan jarak tanam 50cm x 35cm memberikan hasil panen per hektar sebesar 6,08ton ha-1 lebih tinggi 33,04% dibandingkan dengan jarak tanam 70cm x 35cm dengan hasil 4,57ton ha-1. Defoliasi bunga jantan dan 2 daun bendera serta defoliasi 2 daun bawah dapat meningkatkan penerimaan cahaya matahari pada bagian tengah tanaman jagung manis varietas Janisa, tetapi tidak dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil dari tanaman jagung manis varietas Janisa.
Respons Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleraceae var. italica) terhadap Penggunaan Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan PGPR
Authors: Bella Klarisa Sasa , Yurlisa Kartika , Sugito Yogi
Published: January 2024

Tingkat kesuburan tanah yang rendah pada lahan pertanian di Indonesia menjadi salah satu kendala dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman brokoli di Indonesia. Pupuk kandang ayam dan PGPR dapat dimanfaatkan dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman brokoli. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari interaksi dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan PGPR terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Desa Tulungrejo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu pada bulan Juli hingga September 2022. Rancangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF). Faktor pertama dosis pupuk kandang terdiri atas pupuk kandang 0 ton ha-1, 4 ton ha-1 dan 8 ton ha-1. Faktor kedua dosis PGPR terdiri atas 0 l ha-1, 6 l ha-1, 12 l ha-1 dan 18 l ha-1. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan PGPR terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli. Interaksi antara dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan PGPR berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli berupa luas daun pada 49 HST, laju pertumbuhan tanaman pada 35-49 HST, berat segar bunga per tanaman dan berat segar bunga per hektar. Pemberian dosis PGPR yang meningkat belum dapat mengurangi dosis pupuk kandang ayam pada tanaman brokoli.
New Economic Perspective on Relationship Marketing
Authors: Ocal Atinc Yasemin , Taneja Sonia
Published: January 2024

This study offers insights into the economic side of relationship marketing. The paper aims to present the view by placing Relationship Marketing and Service-Dominant Logic under the relational marketing economic side. This study also discusses the economic perspective focuses on financial outcomes. The non-economical perspective emphasizes building strong relationships with the customers that can help the firm increase customer loyalty and commitment to the firm as the non-financial perspective. Our paper discusses that the application of relationship marketing and service-dominant logic has these financial outcomes. We discussed the service-dominant logic mentality, which proposes everything to be service; relations happen to be the most critical success factors in today’s marketing practices that impact all firms and stakeholders.
Empirische Herausforderungen in der Markensoziologischen Kommunikationsforschung
Authors: Schnell Tobias
Published: January 2024

Wer Marken soziologisch erforschen möchte, stößt schnell auf die kleine und maßgeblich deutschsprachige Markensoziologie, die sich der Erforschung von sozialen Aspekten des Themenkomplexes Marke und Markenführung
verschrieben hat. Will man mit der Markensoziologie aber zeitgenössische Werbeformen untersuchen, stößt man mit gängigen Ansätzen schnell an Grenzen. Ursächlich hierfür ist einerseits die breite Ablehnung
sozialwissenschaftlicher Empirie bei vielen Autor*innen, andererseits die Konzentration auf die reine Sendung von Botschaften innerhalb markensoziologischer Analysen. Dieses Working Paper präsentiert einen
Lösungsvorschlag, wie Empirie sowie hybride und multimodale Medien schematisch zur qualitativen Analyse markensoziologischer Inhalte herangezogen werden können. Leser*innen erfahren hier, welche relevanten
Forschungslücken die gängige Markensoziologie in Bezug auf Kommunikation derzeit aufweist und wie markensoziologische Ansätze in eine um Kommunikation erweiterte Bestimmungstabelle überführt werden können,
die eine systematisch-empirische markensoziologische Analyse von Werbung ermöglicht.
The Migrant-Local Difference in the Relationship Between Social Support, Sleep Disturbance, and Loneliness Among Older Adults in China: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pang Mingli , Wang Jieru , Zhao Mingyue , Chen Rui , Liu Hui , Xu Xixing , Li Shixue , Kong Fanlei
Published: January 2024

Background

Driven by the accelerated aging of the population of China, the number of older adults has increased rapidly in the country. Meanwhile, following children, migrant older adults (MOA) have emerged as a vulnerable group in the process of fast urbanization. Existed studies have illustrated the association between social support and loneliness and the relationship between sleep disturbance and loneliness; however, the underlying mechanisms and the migrant-local difference in the association between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness have not been identified.

Objective

This study aimed to clarify the migrant-local difference in the relationship between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness in older adults in China.

Methods

Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select participants: 1205 older adults (n=613, 50.9%, MOA and n=592, 49.1%, local older adults [LOA]) were selected in Weifang City, China, in August 2021. Loneliness was assessed with the 6-item short-form University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, social support was evaluated with the Social Support Rating Scale, and sleep disturbance was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The chi-square test, t test, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were adopted to explore the migrant-local difference between social support, sleep disturbance, and loneliness among the MOA and LOA.

Results

The mean score of loneliness was 8.58 (SD 3.03) for the MOA and 8.00 (SD 2.79) for the LOA. SEM analysis showed that social support exerts a direct negative effect on both sleep disturbance (standardized coefficient=–0.24 in the MOA and –0.20 in the LOA) and loneliness (standardized coefficient=–0.44 in the MOA and –0.40 in the LOA), while sleep disturbance generates a direct positive effect on loneliness (standardized coefficient=0.13 in the MOA and 0.22 in the LOA).

Conclusions

Both MOA and LOA have a low level of loneliness, but the MOA show higher loneliness than the LOA. There is a negative correlation between social support and loneliness as well as between social support and sleep disturbance among the MOA and LOA (MOA>LOA), while loneliness is positively associated with sleep disturbance in both populations (MOA<LOA). Measures should be taken by the government, society, and families to increase social support, decrease sleep disturbance, and further reduce the loneliness among older adults, especially the MOA.
Review of the 2023 World Congress on Thyroid Cancer (WCTC 2023, London): is there light at the end of the tunnel for patients with neglected cancer?
Authors: Cherenko S.M.
Published: January 2024

No abstract
Application of laser interstitial thermal therapy in the treatment of patients with euthyroid nodular goiter: aingle-center prospective study
Authors: Tovkai O.A. , Palamarchuk V.O. , Kozachuk Y.S. , Stotska L.V. , Belemets N.I.
Published: January 2024

Background. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is one of the most effective and economically justified methods, which is recommended as the first-line treatment for patients with compression syndrome, a significant cosmetic defect, and those who categorically refuse surgery or have contraindications to it. The purpose of the study was to analyze the short-term outcomes of LITT in patients with euthyroid nodular goiter. Materials and methods. The results of LITT were analyzed in 20 patients with euthyroid nodular goiter, Bethesda category II, and solid echostructure for 2021–2023. The average volume of nodules was 0.67 (0.16; 1.39) cm3. Medical GaAlAs diode laser VELAS II-30F was used. The response of the nodules was classified as positive effect if volume reduction rate (VRR) was above 70 %, absent with VRR 69–0 %, negative effect with VRR < 0 %. The total follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 months. Results. A linear regression analysis revealed that shrinkage of the final nodule volume after the first session (0.37 (0.06; 0.9) cm3) statistically significantly depended on the initial volume (0.67 (0.16; 1.39) cm3), R2 = 0.955, p < 0.001. A positive effect was observed only in nodules up to 1.0 cm3 (average of 0.16 (0.085; 0.31) cm3). Statistically significant correlation was not found after the first session between the effect and the initial nodule volume (r = –0.163, p = 0.49). A linear regression analysis showed the absence of statistically significant correlation between the final nodule volume, final VRR, and laser characteristics (p > 0.05). The final nodule volume after the second session decreased statistically significantly vs. initial one (p = 0.007) and vs. the final volume after the first session (p = 0.028). There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency of effect in patients after single LITT and in those with two sessions (χ2 = 2.14, p = 0.34). A linear regression analysis did not show statistically significant causal relationship between these indicators (R2 = 0.27, p = 0.12). Conclusions. Laser interstitial thermal therapy is a safe method of organ-preserving treatment in patients with the euthyroid nodular goiter, which can be performed on an outpatient basis and does not lead to thyroid dysfunction. LITT is the most effective with a volume nodule of up to 1.0 cm3. The use of LITT in nodules larger than 1.0 cm3 does not meet the criteria of technical “success” but this does not necessarily indicate the overall ineffectiveness since the sample volume was insufficient. For greater validity, a study should be conducted on a larger sample of patients, which will allow reliably assessing the effectiveness of the method and determining clear criteria of selecting patients for this intervention. The study is still in progress.
Assessment of adenohypophysis function and ghrelin level in children with biologically inactive growth hormone syndrome
Authors: Sprynchuk N.A. , Marushko Yu.V. , Malinovska T.M.
Published: January 2024

Background. Mutations in the growth hormone (GH) gene cause various forms of biologically inactive growth hormone (BIGH) syndrome. Ghrelin potentiates the secretion of GH. Ade­nohypophysis hormones take part in human growth mechanisms. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level is a criterion of GH activity. The purpose of the study was to assess the adenohypo­physis functions and to determine the role of ghrelin in patients with BIGH syndrome to optimize the diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods. Anthropometric parameters were evalua­ted in 158 children with BIGH syndrome whose average age was 7.83 ± 1.23 years. The function of the adenohypophysis was evalua­ted accor­ding to the levels of somatotropin, thyroid-sti­mulating, adrenocorticotropic, luteinizing, follicle-stimulating hormone and their corresponding peripheral hormones, which were determined by radioimmunological methods and chemiluminescent immunoassay. A statistical analysis of the results was carried out. Results. The release of GH against the background of clonidine and insulin tests in patients with BIGH syndrome was higher than 10 ng/ml, the basal level of IGF-1 was significantly lower than the reference values. After a 4-day test for sensitivity to GH, the level of IGF-1 increased more than 2 times. Against the background of treatment with recombinant GH, serum thyroid-stimulating, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol indicators changed significantly, but their levels fluctuated within the reference values. Significant changes in ghrelin content were detected 120 minutes after falling asleep. Most children with BIGH syndrome had timely sexual development, precocious puberty was revealed in 19 children, the smallest was the group with delayed puberty (5 children). Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ana­logues were added to the GH treatment in case of unsatisfactory final growth. Conclusions. Normal/high levels of GH and reduced IGF-1 are characteristic of children with BIGH syndrome. In addition, these children have a significant increase in ghrelin in the first hours after falling asleep. The test for sensitivity to GH is a reliable diagnostic method. Thyroid and adrenal disorders were not found in patients with BIGH syndrome. Children with BIGH syndrome have normal sexual development with a tendency to precocious puberty. The simultaneous use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in combination with GH preparations significantly improves patients’ final growth.
Erectile function in men with COVID-19 six months after recovery
Authors: Luchytskyi E.V. , Luchytskyi V.E. , Zubkova G.A. , Rybalchenko V.M. , Skladanna I.I.
Published: January 2024

Background. Based on the results of epidemiological studies, it was found that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects men more often than women. Among COVID-19 complications, erectile dysfunction is considered a marker of endothelial dysfunction and one of the main factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Lower total and free testosterone levels are predictors of adverse prognosis in males with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Testosterone deficiency syndrome is considered an independent risk factor of cardiometabolic disorders. The purpose of the study is to investigate the state of erectile function in men who suffered from COVID-19 six months after recovery. Materials and methods. Seventy-two men suffering from COVID-19 and being treated in an infectious disease hospital were examined 6.90 ± 0.29 months after recovery. Their average age was 45.23 ± 3.01 years. The control group included 18 conditionally healthy men aged 43.18 ± 2.90 years. The state of erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The concentration of testosterone was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with DRG (Germany) and DiaMetra (Italy) kits. All measurements were performed on the Stat Fax 3200 analyzer. Statistical comparison of the obtained results between groups was performed according to the Student’s test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be signifi­cant. Results. In addition to erectile dysfunction, as evidenced by a reduced corresponding integrative indicator “erectile function” of IIEF-15 in men with COVID-19, a decrease in sexual desire was found, as well as a deterioration of sensations in the form of a decrease in ejaculation frequency and orgasmic sensations during sex contacts. The average serum level of total testosterone was 10.9 nmol/l and was significantly reduced compared to that in the control group. Analysis of individual indicators showed that testosterone level was decreased in 10 patients and was within the normal range in 13 men with COVID-19. The average serum concentration of total testosterone in the examined men after the disease was 10.73 ± 1.07 nmol/l and was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group. Conclusions. There was an erectile dysfunction in men who suffered COVID-19, it was confirmed by a probable decrease in IIEF-15 score and integrative indicators of erectile function. A significant decrease in the blood concentration of total testosterone was detected in the examined men, which may be one of the causes of erectile dysfunction. Large-scale prospective, randomized, controlled trials in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are needed to provide an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause erectile dysfunction.
Survival and Continuation: An Analysis of the Women Characters of the American Indian Community in Louise Erdrich’s The Night Watchman
Authors: He Shuang
Published: January 2024

The Night Watchman is a novel published by Native American woman writer Louise Erdrich in 2020. The book tells the story of an Indian tribe located in the Turtle Mountain Reservation in the 1950s which makes arduous efforts to prevent the US government from enacting Termination Bill and relocation plan. The author vividly displays the unity of the tribal people in the Turtle Mountain Reservation. At the same time, the images of American Indian women are portrayed in details. In the mainstream white society, Indian images, especially Indian women’s images, always seem to be shrouded in mystery due to the long-term neglect and discrimination. At the time, Indian women were facing two crises: firstly, as women, they failed to avoid the fate of being persecuted; Secondly, as the members of the Indian community, their tribal survival and development were under threat. Therefore, analyzing the images of American Indian women in Erdrich’s The Night Watchman not only enables the public to pay attention to the identity and awareness of Native American women, but also helps readers better understand how the female characters in the book shape their unique gender and cultural identity through persistence and resistance.
A Comparison of the Identity Construction of Foreign Ministers of PRC Regarding the Issues of Territorial Sovereignty and State Relations
Authors: Xin Di
Published: January 2024

The implicature under diplomatic discourse has been an interesting topic for both the media and the public. Foreign minister’s response to the media ought to stand for the position of the government and the foreign minister’s Question Time is made accessible on the Internet, thus the public may get to know what kind of people their leaders are and how they deal with other countries. However, chances are that spokesmen may react variously when they are confronted with some aggressive questions or some questions that make them feel offended. Additionally, different spokesmen may use different tactics in order to set forth China’s position and its attitudes towards territorial sovereignty and state relations. This paper aims to investigate the identity construction of two spokesmen through their responses to the media all over the world and to reveal the implicatures behind these responses. Foreign minister’s Question Time will be used as data.
Works of the Nobel Prize Winners Boris Pasternak and Mikhail Sholokhov: the Experience of Integration into the Western System of References (1930s–1970s)
Authors: Moskovskaya Daria
Published: January 2024

The project’s goal was to cover as comprehensively as possible the reception of the Russian Soviet novelists in the countries, the national languages of which, being the means of international communication, helped spread the literary masterpieces created by Boris Pasternak and Mikhail Sholokhov worldwide. The translations of the novels And Quiet Flows the Don, Virgin Soil Upturned, Doctor Zhivago in the 1930s–1950s proved to be an important ideological and aesthetic factor influencing the global historical and ideological processes. For the first time, the authors studied journals and newspapers that published critical reviews of the works by the Nobel-winning authors. The introduction of Mikhail Sholokhov’s work to Western rea­ders began as early as the 1930s, far ahead of the introduction of Boris Pasternak, whose name was practically unknown to foreign readers before the publication of his translated novel. The antagonism of Sholokhov to Pasternak, provoked by big politics, failed to muffle those voices, which emphasized the unity of the Russian novel tradition and the equality of Soviet nominees throughout its history.
A Path to Empire: Formation of the Art Culture at the Russian Court of Peter the Great
Authors: Tyukhmeneva Ekaterina
Published: January 2024

In the course of the project, the author investigates the area of Russian court art culture in the first quarter of the 18th century associated with the formation of the new state ceremonial. For the first time, the authors cover practically all key ceremonies regulating the life of the monarch and his family: coronation, marriage and funeral ceremonies, triumphs and ceremonial meetings organized both in Russia and abroad. The article follows the development of the major principles of festive and mourning decorations and — to the extent possible — their further development throughout the 18th century. Particular attention is paid to symbols of power and insignia, as well as the jewellery art at the Russian court. Based on the materials collected, the author uncovers the circumstances of the design and use of a number of graphic works, regalia, orders, and precious settings for the court jewels, elucidated the typology and terminology of jewellery, and significantly expanded the existing understanding of the work of the craftsmen who executed the royal orders of the Romanovs.

In the process of this research, the project team introduced the unpublished graphic and written materials, new facts and names, made a number of attributions and clarifications, including terminology.

The findings are presented in the published collective paper, which contains besides the authors’ text the annexes comprising the publication of the 18th century documents and rich illustrations (more than 330 images): Tyukhmeneva E.A., Bykova J.I. A Path to Empire: Formation of the Art Culture at the Russian Court of Peter the Great. Ceremonies, Regalia, Jewels. Moscow: BooksMArt, 2022 — 448 p: illus.
Phenomenon of Realism as an Object of Study. On the History of the Question
Authors: Kalugina Olga
Published: January 2024

The article examines the complex process of critical and encyclopedic comprehension of the concept of realism during the late 19th–20th centuries. In the second half of the 19th century, the declarative style of defining this concept dominated, represented mainly by the journalism of V.V. Stasov. However, already in the encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron, articles appear that claim to seriously comprehend the phenomenon of realism in the plastic arts. Traditionally relying on Courbet's position, serious authors attempt to objectively determine the features of this phenomenon, its origin and evolution. All three editions of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia also contribute to this process. The authors of the relevant articles, although they give priority to the literary aspects of the problem, are also beginning to mention the plastic arts. They are gradually moving away from orthodox sociologism towards a truly art criticism analysis of the subject. The remaining high degree of uncertainty in the theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of realism has become an incentive to carry out a research project with the participation of the author of this publication. With all the scale of the analysis undertaken, the grandiose topic allows us to state the need to continue work in this direction, which calls on representatives of the art history community.
University Philosophy in Saint Petersburg: Prosopographic Study Experience
Authors: Malinov Aleksei , Rostovtsev Evgeny
Published: January 2024

The beginnings of professional philosophy in Russia are connected with the emergence of a se­cular system of education in the 18th century (Academic and Moscow Universities). For the first two centuries, philosophy occupied, though notably, a peripheral position in St Pe-tersburg's academic science. The situation changed in Soviet times with the emergence of the public university, when philosophy was given an ideological and educational role. The main focus of this research is the collective biography of philosophers at St. Petersburg Uni-versity which is being restored through several periods in the history of professional philoso-phy in St. Petersburg: 1) biographies of philosophers of the 'Academic University' and the period of the Main Institute of Education (in wide chronological framework of 1724–1819); 2) biographies of philosophers of the

'Imperial University' (1819–1919); 3) biographies of philosophers in the 'Age of Transformation' (period of Faculty of Social Sciences, Historical and Linguistic Faculty) (1918–1930s); 4) biographies of scientists from the School of Philos-ophy of the Moscow School of Economics. ); 4) bio­graphies of academics in the Faculty of Philosophy (1940–2013). In order to draw a collective portrait of the corporation of universi-ty philosophers, prosopography methods are used to trace the dynamics of the processes tak-ing place in the professional community. The quantitative changes of the philosophers of St. Petersburg/Leningrad University are noted and compared with another professional corpora-tion - university historians. It is noted that the study is based on the database – electronic dic-tionary «Philosophers of St. Petersburg University».
improvement of legislation in the field of protection and use of marine mammals
Authors: Ustyantseva Olga , Vlasova Elena
Published: January 2024

The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation defines biological diversity as a natio­nal asset requiring special legal protection. Significant declines in marine mammal populations over

time have been adversely affected by commercial fishing experience, habitat degradation, fishing activities, acoustic disturbances and marine pollution. The paper presents some final results of the implementation of the scientific project «Legal Protection of Marine Mammals in the Russian Fede­ration: Status, Trends and Prospects». Gaps in the legislation have been identified and proposals for its improvement have been formulated: 1) in the sphere of circulation of marine animals: specify exceptional cases of catching animals listed in the Red Book, including for the provision of veterinary care; 2) in the field of their exploitation for cultural organizations: suspend the approval of quotas for the catch of cetaceans until up-to-date scientifically based information on their numbers is received and introduce a ban on the catch of marine mammals for cultural and edu­cational purposes; 3) in the field of involvement in the online trade in wild fauna objects: strengthening of legal liability for encroachments on marine mammals and the introduction of a criminal ban on the circulation of animals from state protection lists (CITES Convention, the Red Book of the Russian Federation, the Red Data Books of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 31.10. 2013 no. 978).