bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of circulating cell-free HPV DNA of 13 HPV types for patients with cervical cancer as potential biomarker to monitor therapy response and to detect relapse
Authors: Mittelstadt Suzana , Kelemen Olga , Admard Jakob , Gschwind Axel , Koch André , Wörz Sarah , Oberlechner Ernst , Engler Tobias , Bonzheim Irina , Staebler Annette , Weidner Nicola , Stubenrauch Frank , Iftner Thomas , Riess Olaf , Schroeder Christopher , Kommoss Stefan , Ossowski Stephan
Published: March 2023

Background

HPV-related cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequent cancer in women worldwide. Cell-free tumour DNA is a potent biomarker to detect treatment response, residual disease, and relapse. We investigated the potential use of cell-free circulating HPV-DNA (cfHPV-DNA) in plasma of patients with CC.

Methods

cfHPV-DNA levels were measured using a highly sensitive next-generation sequencing-based approach targeting a panel of 13 high-risk HPV types.

Results

Sequencing was performed in 69 blood samples collected from 35 patients, of which 26 were treatment-naive when the first liquid biopsy sample was retrieved. cfHPV-DNA was successfully detected in 22/26 (85%) cases. A significant correlation between tumour burden and cfHPV-DNA levels was observed: cfHPV-DNA was detectable in all treatment-naive patients with advanced-stage disease (17/17, FIGO IB3–IVB) and in 5/9 patients with early-stage disease (FIGO IA–IB2). Sequential samples revealed a decrease of cfHPV-DNA levels in 7 patients corresponding treatment response and an increase in a patient with relapse.

Conclusions

In this proof-of-concept study we demonstrated the potential of cfHPV-DNA as a biomarker for therapy monitoring in patients with primary and recurrent CC. Our findings facilitate the development of a sensitive and precise, non-invasive, inexpensive, and easily accessible tool in CC diagnosis, therapy monitoring and follow-up.
Neuroblastoma arises in early fetal development and its evolutionary duration predicts outcome
Authors: Körber Verena , Stainczyk Sabine A. , Kurilov Roma , Henrich Kai-Oliver , Hero Barbara , Brors Benedikt , Westermann Frank , Höfer Thomas
Published: March 2023

Neuroblastoma, the most frequent solid tumor in infants, shows very diverse outcomes from spontaneous regression to fatal disease. When these different tumors originate and how they evolve are not known. Here we quantify the somatic evolution of neuroblastoma by deep whole-genome sequencing, molecular clock analysis and population-genetic modeling in a comprehensive cohort covering all subtypes. We find that tumors across the entire clinical spectrum begin to develop via aberrant mitoses as early as the first trimester of pregnancy. Neuroblastomas with favorable prognosis expand clonally after short evolution, whereas aggressive neuroblastomas show prolonged evolution during which they acquire telomere maintenance mechanisms. The initial aneuploidization events condition subsequent evolution, with aggressive neuroblastoma exhibiting early genomic instability. We find in the discovery cohort (n = 100), and validate in an independent cohort (n = 86), that the duration of evolution is an accurate predictor of outcome. Thus, insight into neuroblastoma evolution may prospectively guide treatment decisions.
Visible-light induced degradation of diphenyl urea and polyethylene using polythiophene decorated CuFe2O4 nanohybrids
Authors: Riaz Ufana , Gaffar Shayista , Hauser Kristen , Yan Fei
Published: March 2023

The present work reports facile synthesis of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles via co-precipitation method and formulation of its nanohybrids with polythiophene (PTh). The structural and morphological properties were investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectra (SEM-EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The band gap was found to decrease with increase in the loading of PTh and was found to be 2.52 eV for 1-PTh/CuFe2O4, 2.15 eV for 3-PTh/CuFe2O4 and 1.89 eV for 5-PTh/CuFe2O4. The nanohybrids were utilized as photocatalysts for visible light induced degradation of diphenyl urea. Diphenyl urea showed 65% degradation using 150 mg catalyst within 120 min. Polyethylene (PE) was also degraded using these nanohybrids under visible light as well as microwave irradiation to compare its catalytic efficiency under both conditions. Almost 50% of PE was degraded under microwave and 22% under visible light irradiation using 5-PTh/CuFe2O4. The degraded diphenyl urea fragments were analyzed using LCMS and a tentative mechanism of degradation was proposed.
Biomechanical stability of hernia-damaged abdominal walls
Authors: Karrech Ali , Ahmad Hairul , Hamdorf Jeffrey M
Published: March 2023

Hernia occurs when the peritoneum and/or internal organs penetrate through a defect in the abdominal wall. Implanting mesh fabrics is a common way to reinforce the repair of hernia-damaged tissues, despite the risks of infection and failure associated with them. However, there is neither consensus on the optimum mesh placement within the abdominal muscles complex nor on the minimum size of hernia defect that requires surgical correction. Here we show that the optimum position of the mesh depends on the hernia location; placing the mesh on the transversus abdominis muscles reduces the equivalent stresses in the damaged zone and represents the optimum reinforcement solution for incisional hernia. However, retrorectus reinforcement of the linea alba is more effective than preperitoneal, anterectus, and onlay implantations in the case of paraumbilical hernia. Using the principles of fracture mechanics, we found that the critical size of a hernia damage zone becomes severe at 4.1 cm in the rectus abdominis and at larger sizes (5.2–8.2 cm) in other anterior abdominal muscles. Furthermore, we found that the hernia defect size must reach 7.8 mm in the rectus abdominis before it influences the failure stress. In other anterior abdominal muscles, hernia starts to influence the failure stress at sizes ranging from 1.5 to 3.4 mm. Our results provide objective criteria to decide when a hernia damage zone becomes severe and requires repair. They demonstrate where mesh should be implanted for a mechanically stable reinforcement, depending on the type of hernia. We anticipate our contribution to be a starting point for sophisticated models of damage and fracture biomechanics. For example, the apparent fracture toughness is an important physical property that should be determined for patients living with different obesity levels. Furthermore, relevant mechanical properties of abdominal muscles at various ages and health conditions would be significant to generate patient specific results.
Function predicts how people treat their dogs in a global sample
Authors: Chira Angela M. , Kirby Kathryn , Epperlein Theresa , Bräuer Juliane
Published: March 2023

Dogs have an extraordinary relationship with humans. We understand, communicate, and cooperate remarkably with our dogs. But almost all we know about dog-human bonds, dog behaviour, and dog cognition is limited to Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic (WEIRD) societies. WEIRD dogs are kept for a variety of functions, and these can influence their relationship with their owner, as well as their behaviour and performance in problem-solving tasks. But are such associations representative worldwide? Here we address this by collecting data on the function and perception of dogs in 124 globally distributed societies using the eHRAF cross-cultural database. We hypothesize that keeping dogs for multiple purposes and/or employing dogs for highly cooperative or high investment functions (e.g., herding, guarding of herds, hunting) will lead to closer dog-human bonds: increased primary caregiving (or positive care), decreased negative treatment, and attributing personhood to dogs. Our results show that indeed, the number of functions associates positively with close dog-human interactions. Further, we find increased odds of positive care in societies that use herding dogs (an effect not replicated for hunting), and increased odds of dog personhood in cultures that keep dogs for hunting. Unexpectedly, we see a substantial decrease of dog negative treatment in societies that use watchdogs. Overall, our study shows the mechanistic link between function and the characteristics of dog-human bonds in a global sample. These results are a first step towards challenging the notion that all dogs are the same, and open questions about how function and associated cultural correlates could fuel departures from the ‘typical’ behaviour and social-cognitive skills we commonly associate with our canine friends.
Emergence of an erythroid cell-specific regulatory region in ABO intron 1 attributable to A- or B-antigen expression on erythrocytes in Hominoidea
Authors: Sano Rie , Fukuda Haruki , Kubo Rieko , Oishi Takao , Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takako , Kaneko Akihisa , Masato Haruhisa , Takahashi Yoichiro , Hayakawa Akira , Yazawa Shin , Kominato Yoshihiko
Published: March 2023

A- and B-antigens are present on red blood cells (RBCs) as well as other cells and secretions in Hominoidea including humans and apes such as chimpanzees and gibbons, whereas expression of these antigens on RBCs is subtle in monkeys such as Japanese macaques. Previous studies have indicated that H-antigen expression has not completely developed on RBCs in monkeys. Such antigen expression requires the presence of H-antigen and A- or B-transferase expression in cells of erythroid lineage, although whether or not ABO gene regulation is associated with the difference of A- or B-antigen expression between Hominoidea and monkeys has not been examined. Since it has been suggested that ABO expression on human erythrocytes is dependent upon an erythroid cell-specific regulatory region or the + 5.8-kb site in intron 1, we compared the sequences ofABOintron 1 among non-human primates, and demonstrated the presence of sites orthologous to the + 5.8-kb site in chimpanzees and gibbons, and their absence in Japanese macaques. In addition, luciferase assays revealed that the former orthologues enhanced promoter activity, whereas the corresponding site in the latter did not. These results suggested that the A- or B-antigens on RBCs might be ascribed to emergence of the + 5.8-kb site or the corresponding regions inABOthrough genetic evolution.
Effect of sclerostin inactivation in a mouse model of severe dominant osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Marulanda Juliana , Tauer Josephine T. , Boraschi-Diaz Iris , Bardai Ghalib , Rauch Frank
Published: March 2023

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare bone disease that is associated with fractures and low bone mass. Sclerostin inhibition is being evaluated as a potential approach to increase bone mass in OI. We had previously found that in Col1a1Jrt/+ mice, a model of severe OI, treatment with an anti-sclerostin antibody had a minor effect on the skeletal phenotype. In the present study, we assessed the effect of genetic sclerostin inactivation in the Col1a1Jrt/+ mouse. We crossed Col1a1Jrt/+ mice with Sost knockout mice to generate Sost-deficient Col1a1Jrt/+ mice and assessed differences between Col1a1Jrt/+ mice with homozygous Sost deficiency and Col1a1Jrt/+ mice with heterozygous Sost deficiency. We found that Col1a1Jrt/+ mice with homozygous Sost deficiency had higher body mass, femur length, trabecular bone volume, cortical thickness and periosteal diameter as well as increased biomechanical parameters of bone strength. Differences between genotypes were larger at the age of 14 weeks than at 8 weeks of age. Transcriptome analysis of RNA extracted from the tibial diaphysis revealed only 5 differentially regulated genes. Thus, genetic inactivation of Sost increased bone mass and strength in the Col1a1Jrt/+ mouse. It appears from these observations that the degree of Sost suppression that is required for eliciting a beneficial response can vary with the genetic cause of OI.
Two-dimensional single crystal monoclinic gallium telluride on silicon substrate via transformation of epitaxial hexagonal phase
Authors: Zallo Eugenio , Pianetti Andrea , Prikhodko Alexander S. , Cecchi Stefano , Zaytseva Yuliya S. , Giuliani Alessandro , Kremser Malte , Borgardt Nikolai I. , Finley Jonathan J. , Arciprete Fabrizio , Palummo Maurizia , Pulci Olivia , Calarco Raffaella
Published: March 2023

Van der Waals (vdW) epitaxial growth of large-area and stable two-dimensional (2D) materials of high structural quality on crystalline substrates is crucial for the development of novel device technologies. 2D gallium monochalcogenides with low in-plane symmetry stand out among the layered semiconductor materials family for next-generation optoelectronic and energy conversion applications. Here, we demonstrate the formation of large-area, single crystal and optically active 2D monoclinic gallium telluride (m-GaTe) on silicon substrate via rapid thermal annealing induced phase transformation of vdW epitaxial metastable hexagonal gallium telluride (h-GaTe). Stabilization of multilayer h-GaTe on Si occurs due to the role of the first layer symmetry together with efficient GaTe surface passivation. Moreover, we show that the phase transformation of h-GaTe to m-GaTe is accompanied by the strain relaxation between Si substrate and GaTe. This work opens the way to the fabrication of single-crystal 2D anisotropic semiconductors on standard crystalline wafers that are difficult to be obtained by epitaxial methods.
Membrane tension induces F-actin reorganization and flow in a biomimetic model cortex
Authors: Sakamoto Ryota , Banerjee Deb Sankar , Yadav Vikrant , Chen Sheng , Gardel Margaret L. , Sykes Cecile , Banerjee Shiladitya , Murrell Michael P.
Published: March 2023

The accumulation and transmission of mechanical stresses in the cell cortex and membrane determines the mechanics of cell shape and coordinates essential physical behaviors, from cell polarization to cell migration. However, the extent that the membrane and cytoskeleton each contribute to the transmission of mechanical stresses to coordinate diverse behaviors is unclear. Here, we reconstitute a minimal model of the actomyosin cortex within liposomes that adheres, spreads and ultimately ruptures on a surface. During spreading, accumulated adhesion-induced (passive) stresses within the membrane drive changes in the spatial assembly of actin. By contrast, during rupture, accumulated myosin-induced (active) stresses within the cortex determine the rate of pore opening. Thus, in the same system, devoid of biochemical regulation, the membrane and cortex can each play a passive or active role in the generation and transmission of mechanical stress, and their relative roles drive diverse biomimetic physical behaviors.
From a one-mode to a multi-mode understanding of conical intersection mediated ultrafast organic photochemical reactions
Authors: Boeije Yorrick , Olivucci Massimo
Published: March 2023

This review discusses how ultrafast organic photochemical reactions are controlled by conical intersections, highlighting that decay to the ground-state at multiple points of the intersection space results in their multi-mode character.
Use of response surface methodology to optimise vacuum impregnation of β-carotene from Daucus carota in Pachyrhizus erosus
Authors: González-Pérez Julio E. , Jiménez-González Oscar , Ramírez-Corona Nelly , López-Malo Aurelio
Published: March 2023

Consuming carotenoid-rich foods prevent and reduce certain types of cancer and cardiovascular and degenerative diseases.
Synthesis of renewable C–C cyclic oxygenated compounds dedicated for high-density biofuels from biomass-derived cyclopentanone
Authors: Bai Li , Chen Lulu , Wu Mei , Song Ke , Zhou Xianwu , Guo Jie , Pan Hu , Liu Shima , He Jian
Published: March 2023

Basic magnesium carbonate shows excellent activity for self-condensation of cyclopentanone to yield a biofuel precursor, superior to that of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate.
Selective photodimerization of acenaphthylene in polymersome nanoreactors
Authors: Rijpkema Sjoerd J. , Vissers Sam , Wilson Daniela A.
Published: March 2023

PEG-b-PLA polymersomes are used as nanoreactors for the photodimerization of acenaphthylene (ACE), increasing reaction rate significantly.
Automated glycan assembly of highly branched heptadecasaccharide repeating unit of arabinogalactan polysaccharide HH1-1 fromCarthamus tinctorius
Authors: Sabbavarapu Narayana Murthy , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: March 2023

Rapid access to polysaccharides of biological relevance is important for determining the link between nutritional oligo- and polysaccharides and the immune response. We describe the automated glycan assembly of a hyper branched heptadecasaccharide repeating unit of HH1-1.
Folding and modulation of the helical conformation of Glycophorin A by point mutations
Authors: Lee Pei-Yin , Sahoo Abhilash , Matysiak Silvina
Published: March 2023

Assessment of the structural stability of GpA in a micellar environment, while taking secondary structural fluctuations into account with an appropriate coarse-grained protein model with polarization.
The laboratory of Babel: highlighting community needs for integrated materials data management
Authors: Pelkie Brenden G. , Pozzo Lilo D.
Published: March 2023

In this perspective, we highlight the need to integrate data management infrastructure across scales to best take advantage of advancements in automated and autonomous experimental methods in materials science.
Ultraprecise control over the photophysical properties of novel amino acid functionalized CdTeS quantum dots and their effect on the emission of yellow-emissive carbon dots
Authors: Kestir Sacide Melek , Şahin Keskin Sultan , Ergüder Özge , Ük Nida , Türker Yurdanur , Nar Ilgın , Trabzon Levent , Ünlü Caner
Published: March 2023

Development of novel amino acid functionalized and ultraslow growing CdTeS quantum dots as a promising fluorescence enhancer for other fluorophores.
Metasurface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy in multiwell format for real-time assaying of live cells
Authors: Huang Steven H. , Sartorello Giovanni , Shen Po-Ting , Xu Chengqi , Elemento Olivier , Shvets Gennady
Published: March 2023

A mid-infrared plasmonic metasurface is integrated with a multiwell cell culture chamber to monitor dynamic cellular changes related to cell adhesion and cell receptor signaling activation through infrared spectroscopy.
Heterogeneous tissue construction by on-demand bubble-assisted acoustic patterning
Authors: Hu Qinghao , Hu Xuejia , Shi Yang , Liang Li , Zhu Jiaomeng , Zhao Shukun , Wang Yifan , Wu Zezheng , Wang Fubing , Zhou Fuling , Yang Yi
Published: March 2023

It offers a new strategy for the fabrication of functionalized structures for a variety of bionic tissue models.
A multiscale, vertical-flow perfusion system with integrated porous microchambers for upgrading multicellular spheroid culture
Authors: Takagi Mai , Yamada Masumi , Utoh Rie , Seki Minoru
Published: March 2023

A multiscale microfluidic system was developed that connects porous PDMS microchambers and microfluidic channels to generate a vertical flow of medium for spheroid culture.
STING antagonists, synthesized via Povarov–Doebner type multicomponent reaction
Authors: Ong Wilson W. S. , Dayal Neetu , Chaudhuri Riddhi , Lamptey Jones , Sintim Herman O.
Published: March 2023

The cGAS–STING axis plays an important role in protecting higher organisms against invading pathogens or cancer by promoting the production of cytokines and interferons.
Meta-analyses of host metagenomes from colorectal cancer patients reveal strong relationship between colorectal cancer-associated species
Authors: Riveros Escalona Manuel Adrian , Poloni Joice de Faria , Krause Mathias J. , Dorn Márcio
Published: March 2023

Steps (A) and (B) include data gathering, quality assessment, and taxonomic profiling. Step (C) contains validation through comparison with previous studies. Steps (D) through (F) include analyses for each individual dataset and results intersection.
Synergism of Co/Na in BiVO4 microstructures for visible-light driven degradation of toxic dyes in water
Authors: Abid Muhammad Zeeshan , Rafiq Khezina , Rauf Abdul , Ahmad Shah Syed Shoaib , Jin Rongchao , Hussain Ejaz
Published: March 2023

In this work, we report a synergism of Co/Na in Co@Na–BiVO4 microstructures to boost the photocatalytic performance of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) catalysts.
Substituent and redox effects on the second-order NLO response of Ru(ii) complexes with polypyridine ligands: a theoretical study
Authors: Wang Yingying , Chen Yu , Zhao Yuanyuan , Qiu Yongqing
Published: March 2023

Modifying ligands in four studied Ru(II) complexes have slight influence on their static first hyperpolarizabilities (βtot) values. However, the βtot values of complexes 1+/−–4+/− are all enhanced and the largest βtot value is observed for complex 4−.
Correction: Single and dual metal atom catalysts for enhanced singlet oxygen generation and oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Tamtaji Mohsen , Cai Songhua , Wu Wenting , Liu Tongchao , Li Zhimin , Chang Hsun-Yun , Galligan Patrick Ryan , Iida Shin-ichi , Li Xiangrong , Rehman Faisal , Amine Khalil , Goddard William A. , Luo Zhengtang
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Single and dual metal atom catalysts for enhanced singlet oxygen generation and oxygen reduction reaction’ by Mohsen Tamtaji et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TA08240C.
Dangerous Decibels Program in Elementary and Middle School Students: Effectiveness After a 6-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Gomes Raquel Fornaziero , Matas Carla Gentile , Samelli Alessandra Giannella
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this article was to assess the effectiveness of the Dangerous Decibels (DD) program in students in the short- and medium-term follow-ups (up to 6 months), including an online game.

Method:

A randomized trial was conducted between two interventions (DD and placebo). The research included 58 participants who were divided into two groups: the study group (SG) and the control group. The following phases were developed: intervention (DD or placebo), post–3-month assessment and availability of the online game, and post–6-month assessment. A questionnaire was administered to assess their performance. Overall total scores and category scores were obtained.

Results:

Improved overall scores were found in the SG in the immediate post-intervention (p= .004), post–3-month (p= .022), and post–6-month (p= .002) questionnaires, as well as the knowledge and behavior categories.

Conclusions:

The DD program effectively improved the knowledge and behavior of 10- to 12-year-old children regarding noise in the short- and medium-term follow-ups. However, no significant changes were achieved in terms of barriers only by using the program and the online game. Adding a second intervention (the online game) to the program seems to be a good option to maintain the changes achieved with the interactive class.
An expandable 36‐channel neural recording ASIC with modular digital pixel design technique
Authors: Wang Quan , Wang Gang , You Changhua , Zhang Xuan , Liu Daoyin , Zeng Huanhuan , Xue Ning , Yao Lei , Li Tie
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the design and implementation of an expandable neural recording ASIC for multiple‐channel neural recording applications. The ASIC consists of 36 modular digital pixels (MDPs) and a global digital controller (GDC) circuit. Each MDP has an analog frontend (AFE) circuit, a 12‐bit successive approximation register ADC (SAR ADC), and a local digital controller (LDC) circuit. It achieves 5.9‐μV input referred noise (IRN), 10.8‐effective number of bits (ENOB), 37.8‐μW power consumption, and 0.095 mm2 area per channel. The ASIC is implemented in commercial SMIC 0.18‐μm CMOS process and validated by in‐vivo experiment on a lab mouse with a 36‐channel silicon‐based neural probe.
A comparison study of power performance and extreme load effects of large 10‐MW offshore wind turbines
Authors: Wang Shuaishuai , Xing Yihan , Karuvathil Anuraj , Gaidai Oleg
Published: March 2023

The utilisation of offshore wind turbines has rapidly increased in the last decade, which has resulted in a steady increase in wind turbine sizes. The global average offshore wind turbine size has increased from 1.5 MW to 6 MW in the last two decades. The research community has started to investigate huge 10 to 15 MW offshore wind turbines in recent years, resulting in the study of very innovative floating wind turbines using various substructure technologies. With this backdrop, this paper will investigate and thoroughly compare the power performance of extreme load effects of a large offshore 10 MW turbine installed on the monopile, spar, and semisubmersible substructures. This is performed by using the average conditional exceedance rate (ACER) and Gumbel methods to predict the extreme responses under the operating conditions of 8, 12, and 16 m/s mean wind speed, representing the below‐rated, rated, and above‐rated regions, respectively. The results show that the power performance and extreme loads experienced depends significantly on the operating regions. The mean power generation between the three different types of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are closely in the whole operating range, which standard deviations differ significantly. Large standard deviations of power generation appear in the spar turbine under the below‐rated condition. Further, it was observed that the spar wind turbine generally experiences larger extreme loads due to larger platform pitch motion. In addition, the ACER method shows a better prediction for the 1, 2 and 5‐year extreme responses than the Gumbel method, which is due to the relatively poor data fitting of the Gumbel method at the upper tail. The study is believed to consolidate and close the knowledge gap in understanding wind turbine responses across the most common offshore substructure technologies and provide a basis for design and deployment of OWTs.
The Quantitative Research on Atmospheric Environmental Corrosion of Aluminum Alloy Products
Authors: Zhu Yuqin , Zhao Fangchao , Li Jiameng , Tan Tiantian , Dai Lu
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we conduct quantitative research on the atmospheric environmental corrosion of aluminum alloy based on the atmospheric environmental factors. we apply the elastic network regression method to construct a regression model for corrosion rates based on the identified damage factors, which allows us to calculate the dependent variable as long as we know the main environmental factors in a specific year. Finally, we introduce a measure of atmospheric environment corrosion based on the established regression which can characterize the severity of corrosion with different transformations.
Research on the Deposition Mechanisms and Production Characteristics of Untabulated Reservoirs in the X Oilfield of the Songliao Basin
Authors: Wu Pan
Published: March 2023

In the late stage of the ultra-high water cut development, the untabulated reservoir (not included in the submitted reserve sheet) is considered an important part of production sustainability in the X oilfield. According to the coring well data of 5 wells in the eastern district, the untabulated reservoir is associated with higher heterogeneity. Specifically, it develops not only the conventional low and ultra-low permeability sands but also medium-high permeability sands with thickness below 0.2 m. Given this, the research investigates the sedimentary models, spatial distribution, and heterogeneity of the different types of untabulated sand bodies, based on the core analysis. Moreover, the physical model water flooding experiments are carried out and the production characteristics of the different sand bodies in the untabulated reservoir with the different recovery approaches are clarified. The findings of this research effectively solve the development contradictions of the untabulated reservoir and lay down the foundation for the further potential tapping of the untabulated reservoir.
Study on the cause classification and prevention methods of casing damage
Authors: Jia Fangfang
Published: March 2023

The casing damage wells in non oil layers are mainly distributed in the N2 and SI-SII oil shale interlayer, and the casing damage types are mainly deformation and dislocation. The main reason is that the injected water enters into the oil shale, the cementing quality is poor, and it is easy to form an invasion water area after invading along the channeling channel, which reduces the stability of the formation. Under the effect of geostress, the force generated by the formation sliding along the weak surface is directly applied to the casing, causing shear casing damage; The casing damage in the oil reservoir is mainly concentrated in SII1-5 layers, which is analyzed as a result of high pressure water injection and large difference in plane and interlayer pressure; The casing damage on the fault plane is mainly caused by slip caused by water softening on the fault plane and fault activity caused by excessive difference in pore pressure of oil layers on both sides of the fault. This paper expounds the measures taken in daily management from the aspect of casing damage prevention, which provides a basis for the prevention and control of casing damage wells in the future.
Study on the cause of casing damage and the feasibility of comprehensive prevention
Authors: Liu Shiping
Published: March 2023

Through the study of casing damage in oil and water wells, the causes of casing damage are found out. At the same time, a set of systematic prevention and control methods are summarized based on the fine geological research results and the combination of dynamic and static conditions. The source of water inflow is cut off in time, effectively preventing the further spread of casing damage area, which plays an important role in controlling casing damage speed and improving the development effect of casing damage area.
Discussion on Reasonable Flow Pressure in Class I Block of A Oilfield
Authors: Lu Mingzheng
Published: March 2023

Reasonable flow pressure is the premise to ensure the maximum production capacity of oil wells. After years of development and adjustment, the adaptability of pump depth and flow pressure needs to be further studied, so as to formulate a reasonable flow pressure under the current development situation. This paper studies the relationship between flow pressure and production in a class of blocks by using theoretical research and data probability distribution method, determines the current reasonable flow pressure system in line with the actual situation, and proposes the test potential wells for adjustment
The Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of Bromine-Brine System at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Qian Jianting , Yu Zhaoling , Yang Xincheng , Zhang Xiaolong , Xu Paisheng , Liu Jundong , Liu Wei , Chai Shujing , Zhang Wenyan , Hao Xiaocui , Wang Yuqi , Zhang Qi , Huang Xiping
Published: March 2023

The air blow-out method of extracting bromine from seawater or brine is widely used at home and abroad. The key parameter in this unit operation is the vapor-liquid equilibrium data (T, x, y) for brominebrine system, which were obtained with the Bubble Equilibrium equipment at 10 and 20℃ in this paper. The experimental equilibrium data were carried out by using Margules Equation for liquid phase and ideal equation for gas phase, and the nonlinear least square method was used to regress the parameters of Margules model for the system. It showed good consistency for the calculated data from Margules model and the experimental data.
Study on the influence of different key parameters on EOR in LB block
Authors: Wang Qunyi , Bi Yongbin , Zhang Yang , Cao Tongfeng , Liu Dong
Published: March 2023

The high temperature reservoir is in the high water cut stage after long-term development, and the inefficiency or invalid circulation caused by injected water is aggravated. With a long development history, the well pattern has been adjusted many times, and the remaining oil distribution is highly dispersed. Based on the high-temperature reservoir conditions of the target block, the influence analysis of different key parameters on EOR effect of LB- block was carried out. The gas flooding and chemical flooding potential were evaluated by numerical simulation method, and the EOR effect of different oil flooding systems was defined. The gas flooding and binary flooding numerical models were established according to the well pattern, reservoir and fluid physical parameters. The development effect is predicted under different formation dip, reservoir permeability, oil viscosity, oil saturation, effective thickness and reservoir temperature. The simulation results show that the key factors of EOR in gas flooding and binary flooding are formation dip.
Performance Test of a 660MW Thermal Power Unit Steam Turbine Based on the Background of “Double Carbon”
Authors: Zhong Ziwei , Zhu Lingkai , Zheng Wei , Gong Zhiqiang , Shang Panfeng , Guo Junshan , Liu Jun , Zhang Yanpeng
Published: March 2023

Under the background of "carbon peaking and carbon neutralization", China proposes a new power system with new energy as the main body. Due to the strong randomness, volatility and anti peak shaving characteristics of new energy power generation, in order to promote the consumption of new energy and ensure the power supply, coal power generation units will assume the dual tasks of deep peak shaving and power supply guarantee in the future, gradually changing from electric power supply to regulated power supply. In order to accurately grasp the thermal performance of the steam turbine after the flow passage transformation of the unit, the thermal performance assessment test of the steam turbine of the unit was carried out. Through thermal test, determine the heat rate and efficiency of high, medium and low pressure cylinders of the unit, and provide reference for future economic operation of the unit.
Study on the thermal decomposition reaction process and kinetics of SF6 and tungsten
Authors: Xu Mengyuan , Lv Houhua , Liu Yunfang , Yang Ren , Han Yanhua , Xu Liuyu , Li Xu , Li Jiuhong , Zhang Xiao , Jian Yajun , Zhang Weiqiang
Published: March 2023

The thermal reaction of SF6 with tungsten powder was investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), combined with the characterization of solid decomposition products of SF6 and tungsten by SEM, EDS, XPS and Raman. Based on above experiments, a two-stage decomposition process of SF6 with tungsten was proposed: the first stage is the surface vulcanization reaction W+SF6→S2, mainly taken place at 600 °C, with the activation energy valued at 152.8 kJ·mol-1, according to Avrami-Erofeev equation; the second stage is the endothermic fluorination reaction WS2+SF6 →WF6, mainly taken place at 750 °C,, with the activation energy valued at 126.0 kJ·mol-1 according to the Avrami-Erofeev equation.
A Real-time Corrosion Monitoring Method Based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance
Authors: Qin Chaoxuan , Dai Lu , Zhu Yuqin
Published: March 2023

This paper put forward a kind of fast, high precision, high sensitivity of corrosion monitoring method and developed a portable corrosion monitoring device with 6 road crystal vibration sensor and a temperature and humidity based on QCM theory. The device can work independently for a long time in harsh outdoor environment without relying on external power supply. The quantitative relationship between quartz crystal vibration frequency and corrosion quality was determined by calibration tests in the laboratory. The device is placed in a certain environment to monitor the corrosion. The results show that the device can effectively monitor the weak corrosion phenomenon, with real-time and high sensitivity.
The Relation Between the CO2 Concentration Levels and the Temperature
Authors: Lin Yuyuan , Zeng Zidong , Chen Lang , Deng Zifeng
Published: March 2023

Carbon dioxide can change the heat balance of the atmosphere. To study the relationship between CO2 and temperature change, we use the given CO2 concentrations to implement linear regression model, gray time series forecasting model, back-propagation model, and auto-regressive and moving average model to establish the growth function of CO2 concentration. Errors are evaluated to choose the most suitable model. then we use the most suitable model in step one to further predict future land-ocean temperature. Finally, we use grey relational analysis to analyze the relationship between CO2 concentrations and land-ocean temperatures since 1959.
Energy efficiency optimization of ships based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Zhang Ailin , Liang Zhengxu
Published: March 2023

In response to the severe energy-saving and emission-reduction situation, it is of great practical significance to reduce the fuel consumption of ships’ main engines and carbon dioxide emissions, and to realize the energy-saving and emission reduction of ships. In this study, We use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize and analyze the energy consumption of ships based on the energy consumption data of ships during navigation, and test the energy efficiency of ships through the ship energy efficiency operation index. The results of the present study show that in order to reduce the energy consumption of ships and ultimately achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, it is theoretically feasible to use particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the speed of ships.
Study on the relationship between tea concentration and Tyndall effect
Authors: Yang Yifan , Su Xiaofeng , Xu Yongke , Jin Weigang , Shen Bangxing , Zhang Xinfeng , Lv Ruibo , He Yi , Guo Chunfeng , Li Yuefeng , Zou Jun
Published: March 2023

The quality of tea is relative with its concentration. In this paper, we present a method to identify the concentration of tea based on Tyndall effect. The tea is illuminated by 3-watt LED light sources with the main wavelength in ultraviolet and visible bands. The intensities of transmitted light are detected using the distributed photometer and the images of light distribution are captured by CCD camera at vertical direction to observe the Tyndall effect. The intensities and images for different light sources are compared. The experimental results show that there exist Tyndall phenomenon in tea. In addition, the Tyndall effect becomes weaker as the tea concentration increases when the tea is illuminated by the LED light sources with the main wavelength in the ultraviolet band. The method presented in this paper should be helpful for rapid identification of the tea quality
Clinical determinants of hospital mortality in liver failure: a comprehensive analysis of 62,717 patients
Authors: Loosen Sven H. , Luedde Tom , Essing Tobias , Bock Hans , Wieland Björn , Fluegen Georg , Bednarsch Jan , Bode Johannes G. , Neumann Ulf P. , Roderburg Christoph
Published: March 2023

Background Liver failure (LF) is characterised by a loss of the synthetic and metabolic liver function and is associated with a high mortality. Large-scale data on recent developments and hospital mortality of LF in Germany are missing. A systematic analysis and careful interpretation of these datasets could help to optimise outcomes of LF.

Methods We used standardised hospital discharge data of the Federal Statistical Office to evaluate current trends, hospital mortality and factors associated with an unfavourable course of LF in Germany between 2010 and 2019.

Results A total of 62,717 hospitalised LF cases were identified. Annual LF frequency decreased from 6716 (2010) to 5855 (2019) cases and was higher among males (60.51%). Hospital mortality was 38.08% and significantly declined over the observation period. Mortality significantly correlated with patients’ age and was highest among individuals with (sub)acute LF (47.5%). Multivariate regression analyses revealed pulmonary (ORARDS: 2.76, ORmechanical
ventilation: 6.46) and renal complications (ORacute
kidney failure: 2.04, ORhepatorenal
syndrome: 2.92) and sepsis (OR: 1.92) as factors for increased mortality. Liver transplantation reduced mortality in patients with (sub)acute LF. Hospital mortality significantly decreased with the annual LF case volume and ranged from 47.46% to 29.87% in low- or high-case-volume hospitals, respectively.

Conclusions Although incidence rates and hospital mortality of LF in Germany have constantly decreased, hospital mortality has remained at a very high level. We identified a number of variables associated with increased mortality that could help to improve framework conditions for the treatment of LF in the future.
Ökonomische und ökologische Effekte von Bandagehilfen
in der KPE Phase I des Lymphödems – eine explorative Analyse des
Materialverbrauchs in einer Sekundäranalyse einer Studie zu
Schaumstoffbandagehilfen
Authors: Kornappel Simone , Reißhauer Anett , Stroux Andrea , Liebl Max Emanuel
Published: March 2023

Hintergrund Bezogen auf klinische Wirksamkeit und Therapieeffekte von
Schaumstoff-Bandagehilfen in der KPE Phase I des Armlymphödems
führten die Autoren eine RCT durch, die die Nichtunterlegenheit der
Bandagehilfen im Vergleich zu Standarduntermaterial zeigte. Die parallele
Erfassung des Polstermaterialverbrauchs und der Applikationsdauer hat die Frage
nach ökonomischen und ökologischen Effekten anschließen
lassen.

Methoden Explorative Analyse des Materialverbrauches und der
Applikationszeit von Bandagehilfen im Vergleich mit Standardunterpolsterung in
der KPE Phase I bei Patient*innen mit sekundärem
Armlymphödem Stadium II bis III. Ergebnisse: 1. Materialverbrauch:
Insgesamt wurden im Beobachtungszeitraum in der Kontrollgruppe 50,7 m
Schlauchverband und 207 m Polsterwatte bei n=15 Probanden
verbraucht. Demgegenüber standen insgesamt 92 m
wiederverwendbare Schaumstoffbandagen bei n=15 Proband*innen in
der Interventionsgruppe. 2. Applikationszeit: In der Kontrollgruppe belief sich
die Applikationszeit im Mittel auf 13,4±3,4 min., in der
Inventionsgruppe auf 10,3±2,2 min. Die Analyse zeigt einen
signifikanten Gruppenunterschied (p=0.007).

Diskussion In der KPE Phase I zeigen sich bei Patient*innen mit
Armlymphödem Einsparungen in puncto Materialverbrauch und
Applikationsdauer unter Verwendung von Schaumstoffbandagen. Beide Parameter sind
für Physiotherapeut*innen und Einrichtungen auch von
ökonomischer Relevanz. Die Schaumstoffbandagen haben durch Waschbarkeit
und damit Wiederverwendbarkeit überdies ökologische Effekte.
Bislang übliche Polstermaterialien werden überwiegend nach der
Anwendung verworfen.
Oxidative C–N Bond Cleavage of Cyclic Amines with Ammonium Hypochlorite
Authors: Onomura Osamu , Kaieda Yuya , Yamamoto Kosuke , Toguchi Hiroyuki , Hanazawa Natsumi , Kuriyama Masami
Published: March 2023

An oxidative C–N bond cleavage of cyclic amines has been developed under metal-free conditions, providing N-Cl-ω-amino acids in moderate to excellent yields. The reactions proceed by using tetramethylammonium hypochlorite (TMAOCl) as an oxidant even on a gram scale. Hofmann–Löffler–Freytag-type reaction of N-Cl-ω-amino acids to form cyclic amino acids has also been demonstrated.
An Intramolecular Radical C–N Coupling by N-Iodosuccinimide
Authors: Bera Shyamal Kanti , Bhanja Rosalin , Mal Prasenjit , Sahu Chandan Chittapriya
Published: March 2023

A useful method for the formation of benzimidazole-fused phenanthridines through an intramolecular coupling of unactivated C(sp2)–H and N(sp3)–H bonds using N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) in trifluoroethanol (TFE) is presented. The synthesis of benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridines from 2-([1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole derivatives is mild, efficient, and sustainable, with high yields and minimal waste generation. The control experiments and EPR studies were aimed at rationalizing the radical pathway of the reaction. Specifically, the use of 1,1-diphenylethylene, TEMPO, BHT, and DMPO as a free-radical spin-trapping reagent in EPR studies, allowed us to conceive a radical pathway. The gram-scale synthesis further supported the practical utility of the methodology for the field of synthetic chemistry.
Brain Tumor: A Review of Its Demographic in a Rural Hospital of Sibu in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Heng Yu Wei , Tan Kia Hooi , Yap Nelson Kok Bing
Published: March 2023

According to World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN 2012 database, brain tumors account for about 2% of all cancers in Malaysia. It was ranked 11th and 13th most common cancer among males and females, respectively. This debilitating disease can cause a tremendous burden to patients and their families and healthcare services. The main objective of this study is to provide demographic data on the type of brain tumors and their distribution of age and gender from the cases presented to the neurosurgical department of a rural hospital in Sibu from 2018 to 2021. This is a retrospective study of the incidence and pattern of brain tumors admitted to the Neurosurgery Department in Sibu Hospital. Data were emanated from the brain tumor registry census from 2018 to 2021. Of all cases, only cases with confirmed histopathological results were included. Inoperable brain tumors that were diagnosed through radiological investigations were excluded. There were 230 patients with brain tumors included in this study. Males constituted 42.6% (n = 98) of the cases, whereas 57.4% (n = 132) of them were female. The brain tumor was the least common in the pediatric group (0 to 10 years old) with only 3.5% (n = 8). The incidence of brain tumors increased with age and reached its peak in the age group of 51 to 60 years (34.8%). The commonest type of brain tumor was meningioma (38.7%), followed by a metastatic brain tumor (25.2%) and glioma (15.6%). Meningothelial WHO grade I was the most common variant that accounted for 67% (n = 46) of all meningioma. Lung carcinoma was found to be the most common primary, accounting for more than half (69.0%) of the metastatic brain tumors, followed by breast cancer (10.3%), thyroid cancer (8.6%), female genital tract (8.6%), and malignant melanoma (3.5%). The crude incidence of the brain tumor in Sibu was 4.98 per 100,000 population/year. This study showed that the commonest brain tumor in central rural of Sarawak was meningioma, followed by metastatic brain tumor and glioma. Meningothelial is the most frequent subtype of meningioma, whereas lung carcinoma was the commonest primary in brain metastases. The peak age group was 51 to 60 years old, and females showed a higher incidence than males. This study provides a baseline profile of the brain tumor spectrum in rural Sarawak. More data should be collected to aid in future research and healthcare planning.
Morphological Factors affecting Coil-Only Embolization of Small Unruptured Aneurysms
Authors: Tenjin Hiroshi , Saito Osamu , Matsumoto Kuniaki , Asai Akio
Published: March 2023

Objective When small unruptured aneurysms (SUA) are embolized by coils, manipulation of the microcatheter and coil is limited because of their small size. Previous studies suggested that the morphology of the artery and aneurysm is important. In the present study, we clarified the morphological factors affecting coil-only embolization of SUA.

Patients and Methods We retrospectively identified 17 patients who underwent embolization for unruptured aneurysm with a maximum diameter less than 5 mm. We investigated the following: (1) the relationships among dome/neck ratio (D/N), height/neck ratio (H/N), height/dome ratio (H/D), projection of aneurysm-parent artery, and adverse events, (2) immediate and late occlusion, and (3) number of coils.

Results (1) Adverse events developed in three cases in which the H/D was smaller than 1 (p < 0.02). There was a significant difference in the rate of adverse events by projection of the aneurysm-parent artery (p < 0.03), (2) Occlusion rate: Immediately after coil embolization, 71% (12/17) were neck remnant; however, 88% (15/17) of SUA became complete occlusion in the follow-up term, and (3) 1.5 ± 0.6 coils were used.

Conclusion To achieve successful coil-only embolization in SUAs, it is important to select aneurysms for which the projection of the parent artery is suitable for embolizing and the H/D ratio is larger than 1. In SUAs, occlusion develops naturally after coil embolization.