bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase change and thermal energy storage properties of polyurethane phase change materials with mixed soft segment and crosslinking structure
Authors: Cui Shanshan , Dong jiankun , Shi Wenzhao , Liu Jinshu , Lu Shaofeng
Published: November 2023

A series of polyurethane phase change materials (PUPCMs) with different structures were successfully synthesized using polyethylene glycol(PEG), polycarbonate(PCDL), or polytetramethylene ether glycol(PTMG) as single or mixed soft segment, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the hard segment, and trimethylolpropane(TMP) or neopentyl glycol(NPG) as the chain extender. The structure and functional groups of synthesized PUPCMs were demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1HMR). The properties of PUPCMs were characterized and analyzed by polarizing optical microscope (POM)-hot stage system, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared camera and hardness test. The results showed that PUPCMs with crosslinking structure presented smaller spherulites than linear PUPCMs and the crosslinking structure had relatively strong effect on crystallization of soft segments. Crystallization mechanism of linear PUPCMs and crosslinking PUPCMs were both homogeneous nucleation. The interaction of different soft segment imposed restrictions on the movement of the mixed soft segment chain. The PUPCMs samples based on three mixed soft segment（PEG/PCDL/PTMG）and TMP as chain extender exhibited the lowest phase transition temperature of 30.23℃ and phase change enthalpies of 54.01 J/g. The synthesized PUPCMs showed excellent thermal stability, reliability and good mechanical properties for application as thermal energy storage materials at medium-low temperature conditions.
Laboratory Tests and Numerical Simulation on the Loess Subgrade Improved by Lime-Lignin
Authors: Jia Junyu , Zhang Zizhao , Hu Xukun , Lv Qianli , Liang Shichuan , Liu Xinyu , Zhang Tiandong
Published: November 2023

Conventional techniques individually incorporating the inorganic or organic modifiers are insufficient to achieve the amelioration of loess roadbed in practices, which has restricted the development of infrastructures. This paper utilizes the lime-lignin to modify the loess, for which a series of mixing samples with various additives dosages (i.e. 0,2%:1%,4%:2%,6%:3% and 8%:4%) was adopted. Laboratory experiments and numerical simulation were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of amended loess. Test results showed that both the compressive and shear strengths of the improved loess exhibit an initial rise followed by a decline as the contents of lime and lignin increase, with the optimal improvement effect achieved at a lime-to-lignin mixing content of 2%:1%. The results also indicated that numerical simulation can well corroborate the laboratory results, which are manifested in reduced roadbed settlements and favourable stress transfer mechanisms. An intricate three-dimensional network structure established by lignin fibers and a cement-soil skeleton formed between lime hydrate and soil particles jointly improve the strength of the soil matrix. The main research findings can offer valuable theoretical references for the enhancement of the loess subgrade.
Engineering a pH-responsive polymeric micelle co-loaded with paclitaxel and tretinoin for breast cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Ying Na , Chen Jie , Wu Liwen , Liu Huajie , Luo Shihua , Zeng Dongdong
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the number one cancer worldwide. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used first-line anti-cancer drug, but it is not very effective in clinical breast cancer therapy. It has been reported that triptolide (TPL) can enhance the anticancer effect of paclitaxel, and better synergistic therapeutic effects are seen with concomitant administration of PTX and TPL. In this study, we developed a pH-responsive polymeric micelle co-delivery of PTX and TPL, which disassembled in the acidic microenvironment of tumors, leading to the targeted release of drugs that effectively kill breast cancer cells. Firstly, the amphiphilic copolymer mPEG2000-PBAE was synthesized by Michael addition reaction, and the successful synthesis of the copolymer was confirmed by a series of characterizations. Polymer micelles loaded with TPL and PTX (TPL/PTX-PMs) were prepared by the thin film dispersion method. The average particle size of TPL/PTX-PMs was 97.29 ± 1.63 nm, with a PDI of 0.237 ± 0.003 and a zeta potential of 9.57 ± 0.80 mV, LC% was 6.19 ± 0.21%, EE% was 88.67 ± 3.06%. The biocompatibility of carrier materials and cytotoxicity of drug-loaded micelles were evaluated in vitro by the CCK-8 method. The results showed that the carrier materials had excellent biocompatibility. Under the same drug concentration, TPL/PTX-PMs were the most toxic to tumor cells and had the strongest proliferation inhibitory effect. Cellular uptake assays showed that TPL/PTX-PMs significantly increased the intracellular concentration of the drugs and enhanced the antitumor activity. Overall, the co-delivery of TPL and PTX by the pH responsive micelles synthesized from amphiphilic copolymers is a promising approach for breast cancer therapy.
Optimization of Five-axis Tool Grinder Structure Based on BP Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chen Hanyang , Tang Qingchun , Li Xiaoyu , Yang Yuhang , Qiao Peng
Published: November 2023

An optimization design was carried out based on a back propagation (BP) neural network and a genetic algorithm (GA) to improve the stiffness and accuracy of the self-developed MGK6030 five-axis tool grinding machine. First, finite element analysis was carried out on the whole grinding machine based on ANSYS Workbench, and the key parts were found to be the grinding wheel headstock, B axle box body, and column. Sensitivity analysis was carried out after the model parameterization, and 10 parameters, which affect the quality, maximum deformation, and first-order mode, were obtained. These parameters were used as input variables. A total of 235 sets of sample data were obtained by using the optimal overall performance of the grinder for the target (large first-order natural frequency, small deformation, and mass). The BP neural network was then used to fit the nonlinear coupling relationship between the input and the output. Thereafter, the optimization function of the GA was used to perform multi-objective optimization in the specified range. Finally, the parameters are verified by software simulation and prototype test. Results showed that the maximum deformation of the optimized machine tool is reduced by 21%, and the first four order natural frequencies are increased by 6.36%, 9%, 6.4%, and 2.84%. The maximum positioning accuracies of the linear axis and rotary axis are increased by 22% and 21%, respectively, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the optimization scheme and provides theoretical and technical support for similar optimization problems.
Preparation and Properties of High-performance Thixotropic Slurry Utilizing Construction and Demolition Waste and Environment-Economic Impact Assessment
Authors: Lu Yating , Yuan Kekuo
Published: November 2023

This paper introduces a high-performance thixotropic slurry for filling subterranean voids such as mine goaves, formulated from construction and demolition waste. Indoor tests were conducted to identify optimal agent ratios and a maximum 15-minute mixing time. A new rheological model was established to describe the slurry's behavior accurately and to consider the hysteresis loop during the increase and decrease in the shear process. Slurry’s supporting capacity became evident after 60 h of curing. The slurry's strength exceeded 2 MPa at 28 days, satisfying filling requirements. An environment-economic integrated evaluation study indicates that this slurry offers both environmental and economic benefits.
Benchmarking UMI-aware and standard variant callers on synthetic and real ctDNA datasets
Authors: Maruzani Rugare , Brierley Liam , Jorgensen Andrea , Fowler Anna
Published: November 2023

Background
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a subset of cell free DNA (cfDNA) released by tumour cells into the bloodstream. Circulating tumour DNA has shown great potential as a biomarker to inform treatment in cancer patients. Collecting ctDNA is minimally invasive and reflects the entire genetic makeup of a patient’s cancer. ctDNA variants in NGS data can be difficult to distinguish from sequencing and PCR artefacts due to low abundance, particularly in the early stages of cancer. Unique Molecular Identifiers (UMIs) are short sequences ligated to the sequencing library before amplification. These sequences are useful for filtering out low frequency artefacts. The utility of ctDNA as a cancer biomarker depends on accurate detection of cancer variants.
Results
In this study, we benchmarked six variant calling tools, including two UMI-aware callers for their ability to call ctDNA variants. The standard variant callers tested included Mutect2, bcftools, LoFreq and FreeBayes. The UMI-aware variant callers benchmarked were UMI-VarCal and UMIErrorCorrect. We used both real and synthetic datasets, with and without UMI sequences. Variant callers displayed different preferences for sensitivity and specificity. Mutect2 showed high sensitivity, while returning more privately called variants than any other caller in non-UMI data – an indicator of false positive variant discovery. In UMI encoded data, UMI-VarCal detected fewer putative false positive variants than all other callers in synthetic datasets. UMI-VarCal also called the highest percentage of COSMIC variants in real samples, and only 4.4% uniquely called variants indicating high sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions
Our results indicate UMI-aware variant callers have potential to improve sensitivity and specificity in calling ctDNA variants over standard variant calling tools. There is a growing need for further development of UMI-aware variant calling tools if effective early detection methods for cancer using ctDNA samples are to be realised.
Radiocapitellar joint plasty for missed Monteggia fracture with radial head deformity in children: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Xuedong , Tian Huiling , Jing Xiaobo
Published: November 2023

objectives
The objective of our retrospective study was to review the clinical and radiological outcome of patients who were treated with radiocapitellar joint plasty.
Methods
This retrospective study evaluated 10 children with missed Monteggia fracture (MMF). The average time from injury to operation was 20 months. The average age of children who underwent the operation was 10.5 years old. There are 6 flat and 4 domed radial head. There are 7 type I and 3 type III according to the bado classification. All children with MMF were treated by open radial head reduction with radiocapitellar joint plasty and ulnar osteotomy with or without annular ligament (ALR).
Results
All patients successfully completed the operation. The average union time 4.9 ± 2.6 months. The average osteotomy angle to reduce the radial head was 15.7 ± 3.5°, and the average lengthening of the ulna was 6.1 ± 3.2 mm. At last follow-up, the average pre-operative flexion range of motion was110.5 ± 9.1° and that in the post-operative was 138.8 ± 15.1°(p < 0.05). The average pre-operative extension range of motion was10.1 ± 3.2° and that in the post-operative was 5.5 ± 3.3°(p < .05). The average pre-operative pronation range of motion was78.8 ± 8.7° and that in the post-operative was81.1 ± 5.6°(p > 0.05). The average pre-operative supination range of motion was 68.3 ± 9.7° and that in the post-operative was 80.1 ± 7.8°(p < 0.05). The pre-operative kim score was 66.5 ± 10.9 and that in the post-operative was 88.1 ± 12.6 (p < 0.05). The radial head was maintained in a completely reduced position in 9 of the10 patients and 1 subluxated. Osteoarthritic changes of the radiocapitellar joint were observed in 2 patients which is domed radial head.
Conclusions
Surgical approach for MMF involves radiocapitellar joint plasty is significantly effective. It has favorable functional outcomes while ensuring the maintenance of radial head reduction.
Statistical inferences of TGARCH model based on high-frequency data
Authors: Deng Chunliang , Zhang Xingfa , Li Yuan , Song Zefang
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes the VP-TGARCH model to study the asymmetric effect of returns on volatility. A noteworthy feature of the model is that the value of the threshold parameter is not restricted to 0. Under stationary conditions as well as some regularity conditions, the QMLE of VP-TGARCH model is proved to be consistent and asymptot-ically normal. Based on the QMLE, the Lagrange Multiplier test, the Likelihood Ratio test, the Wald test and the leverage effect test are discussed. Simulation studies are carried out to assess the finite-sample performance of the established QMLE and tests. An empirical study is provided to show a potential application of the VP-TGARCH model.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 62H15; 62G20.
Novel methodology of chitosan- salicylaldehyde polymers: synthesis, characterization, and application in NH3 sensing
Authors: Saeed Ahmed Muhammed , Taha Ahmed Gaber , Dardeer Hemat Mohamed , Aly Moustafa Fawzy
Published: November 2023

Chitosan (Ch)-salicylaldehyde (Sal) polymer derivatives were formed via chitosan modification. These polymers were synthesized through inclusion with β-cylcodextrine (β-CD) and doping with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to give pseudopolyrotaxane and Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs composite, respectively. Additionally, the complicated polymer (Chs-Sal/ β-CD/ZnO NPs) was prepared via insertion of generated composite (Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs) through β-cyclodextrin ring. The structural and morphological characterizations of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed by utilizing FTIR, XRD and SEM, respectively. Also, the optical properties and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the synthesized polymers were explored. The obtained results confirmed that using β-CD or ZnO NPs for modification of polymer (chs-sal) dramatically enhanced thermal stability and optical features of the synthesized polymers. Investigations on the NH3-sensing properties of Chs-Sal/β-CD/ZnO NPs composite were carried out at concentrations down to 10 ppm at room temperature (RT) and indicated that modification by β-CD and doping with ZnO NPs effectively improves the NH3-sensing response of Chs-Sal and exhibited good selectivity and good response-recovery time at RT.
Assessing Changes in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Intentions among the Brigada Digital Latino Social Media Audience: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Schagen Courtney Riggle-van , Andrade Elizabeth Louise , Chandarana Shikha , Lu Nathan , González Anna , Favetto Carla , Gomez Valeria , Palacios César , Díaz-Ramírez Manuel , Edberg Mark Cameron
Published: November 2023

Background. U.S. Latinos experienced disproportionate COVID-19 impacts in terms of morbidity and mortality. Vaccination against COVID-19 is an important strategy for mitigating health impacts, and yet, vaccine uptake was slower among U.S. Latino adults compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Vaccine hesitancy has been a significant barrier within Latino communities, and exposure to misinformation has been associated with negative attitudes toward vaccination. While some COVID-19 mitigation efforts have included community-based outreach, few studies have explored the impact of community-based digital messaging in Spanish to counter COVID-19 misinformation, build trust, and promote vaccination. Methods. To address this gap, we conducted a one-year repeated cross-sectional study to assess changes in COVID-19 vaccine uptake, intentions, and perceived norms, as well as barriers to accessing reliable information and levels of trust in COVID-19 information sources among Latino adults exposed to Brigada Digital de Salud social media content. This culturally-tailored content disseminated on Facebook, Instagram, and X platforms was amplified by community health workers and partners, and focused on COVID-19 risk and prevention, vaccine safety and efficacy, and correcting related misinformation. Results. Statistically significant increases in COVID-19 vaccination, intentions to vaccinate children, and vaccination subjective norms were observed from May 2022 (wave 1) to April 2023 (wave 2). Among perceived difficulties accessing information, respondents indicated the most difficulty in judging the reliability of COVID-19 information in the media; however, a statistically significant decrease in perceived difficulty was observed between waves. With regard to trust in COVID-19 information sources, levels of trust were highest for healthcare providers in both waves. From wave 1 to wave 2, there were statistically significant increases in trust in the FDA to ensure COVID-19 vaccine safety and trust in the federal government to ensure child COVID-19 vaccine safety. Conclusions. Social media messaging by trusted community-based sources shows promise as a strategy for combating health misinformation and ameliorating information access gaps for language minority populations. This digital approach represents an important tool for deploying critical information to underserved populations in public health emergency and crisis contexts, and for supporting changes in attitudes, trust, and behaviors to improve health outcomes.
Prevalence and associated factors of vertebral compression fracture among older women with osteoporosis
Authors: Truong Khoa Tri , Nguyen Huan Thanh , Nguyen Tan , Nguyen Cong Duc
Published: November 2023

Background Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is a complication of osteoporosis causing prolonged backpain, reduction in mobility, and death. However, little clinical information is available to understand the VCF in osteoporotic older women. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of VCF in older women with osteoporosis.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 older women with osteoporosis at the Rheumatology and Neurosurgery department, and Rheumatology clinic, University Medical Center, from August 2022 to May 2023.
Results 102/279 (36.6%) older women had at least one vertebral fracture and more than 50% of participants present as symptomatic. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed age, marital status, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, ischemic heart disease, frailty, falls, and T-score at femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine associated with VCF. In the adjusted model, only physical activity (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20 – 0.94; p = 0.038), osteoarthritis (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.12 – 0.48; p <0.001), frailty (OR: 7.41; 95% CI: 3.45 – 16.73; p <0.001); falls (OR: 3.86; 95% CI: 1.68 – 9.32; p = 0.002), T-score at femoral neck (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41 – 0.92; p = 0.002) were associated with vertebral fracture.
Conclusions The prevalence of VCF was quite high among older women with osteoporosis, highlighting a disease burden in this population. Physical activity, osteoarthritis, higher T-score at femoral neck decreased odds of VCF while frailty and falls increased odds of VCF.
Understanding and Perception of Automated Text Generation among the Public: Two Surveys with Representative Samples in Germany
Authors: Henestrosa Angelica Lermann , Kimmerle Joachim
Published: November 2023

The application of automated text generation (ATG) technology has evolved rapidly in the last several years, leading to more available content being produced by artificial intelligence (AI). With the release of ChatGPT in November 2022, a tool is now at hand that allows virtually everyone to create naturally sounding text on any topic. However, research on public beliefs about and attitudes toward ATG is lacking. Two surveys with representative samples (n1 = 1,028, n2 = 1,013) examined the German population’s concepts of and attitudes toward AI authorship in 2022 and 2023. The results revealed a preference for human authorship across a wide range of topics and a lack of knowledge concerning the function, data sources, and responsibilities of ATG. Using multiple regression analysis with k-fold cross-validation, we identified several significant predictors of the intention to read AI-written texts in the future. Despite the release of ChatGPT, we observed stability across most variables and minor differences between the two survey points regarding concepts about ATG. We discuss the findings against the backdrop of the ever-increasing availability of automated content and the need for an intensive societal debate about the chances and limitations of this technology.
Species diversity, distributions and conservation implications of Ichthyofauna of hill streams of Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Karuppasamy Mahesh Kumar , Arunachalam Manimekalan
Published: November 2023

The increasing human accomplishments on inland waterways have an impact on species reduction and displacement worldwide. The study investigated the diversity, distribution, and conservation needs of freshwater fish in Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats, and was conducted from October 2012 to May 2019. It covers 53 sites, spread along the upstream and downstream parts of the Chalakudy river system and the Cauvery river system of Anamalai Tiger Reserve, and has documented a total of 69 species of fish belonging to 7 orders, 19 families, and 41 genera. Cypriniformes is the dominant order, with 23 genera and 44 species (63.7%), followed by the catfishes of the order Siluriformes, with 5 families, 5 genera, and 10 species (14.4%). Among the 69 recorded species, 33 are endemic, 34 are non-endemic to the Western Ghats, 3 are introduced exotic species, 1 is critically endangered (CR), 11 are endangered (EN), and 3 are vulnerable (VU) in IUCN red list categories. The result explains that species abundance, dominance, and richness are influenced by factors like altitude (68.832), area (7.049), and volume. Fish species richness and abundance showed a direct relationship with increasing stream order, with maximum values downstream in low-elevation regions. The Karuneer river site has the greatest number of threatened fish species and falls under an evergreen forest of undisturbed human pressure. Three exotic species were recorded from several sampling sites. Many of these species are under extreme pressure due to habitat changes and other human-induced impacts. Creating awareness about threatened species and the river system of Chalakudy and Cauvery upstream areas is needed to declare them fish sanctuaries for conserving the existing threatened species.
Conductive Ni3(HITP)2 Nano-film with Asymmetrical Morphology Prepared by Gas- liquid Interface Self-assembly for Glucose Sensing
Authors: Cao Lin-an , Wei Min , Guo Xin , Wang Dailian , Chen Lu , Guo Jing
Published: November 2023

Ni3(HITP)2 (HITP: 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene) is a very typical 2D electrically conductive Metal-organic framework (EC-MOF) material with great promising as active materials in electronic devices. Gas-liquid interface self-assembly is a common method to processed free-standing thin film for this EC-MOF. Owing to the different contact environment during growth process, Ni3(HITP)2 film prepared by gas-liquid interface method has different morphology for up-side surface exposing to air and down-side surface infiltrating in solution. However, the asymmetrical morphology of Ni3(HITP)2 film and its influence on sensing performance have never been implemented. In this work, gas-liquid interface self-assembly method is used to obtain an asymmetrical Ni3(HITP)2 nano-film in surface morphology with a flat up-side surface and an island-like down-side surface. The surface morphology of as-prepared film has remarkable influence on glucose sensing property. The island-like structure for down-side surface film exhibit more excellent glucose sensing performance because its abundant crystal defect which play an important role in enhancing glucose catalytic oxidation capacity.
Caveolin-1 scaffolding domain-derived peptide enhances the antiapoptotic progresses of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells after cavernous nerve injury
Authors: Xi Yuhang , Xia Tian , Feng Zejia , Hong Yude , Wu Jianjie , Chen Jialiang , Ge Yunlong , Xiao Hengjun
Published: November 2023

Increased apoptosis in penis due to cavernous nerve injury (CNI) is a crucial contributor to erectile dysfunction (ED). Caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (CSD)-derived peptide (CSD peptide) has been found to exhibit potential antiapoptotic property. However, it remains unknown whether CSD peptide therapy can alleviate the apoptosis of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs), and ED in CNI rats. We aimed to validate the assumption that CSD peptide may promote the improvement of bilateral CNI-induced ED (BCNI-ED) by enhancing the antiapoptotic processses of CCSMCs. Fifteen 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned into three groups at random: sham surgery (Sham) group and BCNI groups that underwent saline or CSD peptide treatment respectively. At 3 weeks postoperatively, erectile function (EF) was assessed. Then, processed penis was histologically examined. To investigate the mechanism of action of CSD peptide in treating BCNI-ED, an in vitro model of CCSMC apoptosis was established using transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). In BCNI rats, CSD peptide significantly prevented ED, raised the phosphorylation of AKT, and decreased the expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase3, and the quantity of apoptotic cells. TGF-β1-treated CCSMCs exhibited lower levels of p-AKT, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and cell viability, along with higher levels of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, apoptotic index, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, CSD peptide partially restored these alterations. Consequently, BCNI-ED may be prevented in part by CSD peptide-mediated reduction of CCSMC apoptosis, which further promotes the development of CSD peptide as an effective therapy for pRP-ED.
Numerical Analysis of the Impact of Decreasing the Intra-specific Competition of the Second Plant Specie on Biodiversity Scenario
Authors: Udoh Ndipmong
Published: November 2023

The intra-specific coefficients are used in a scientific method that goes beyond creating a biodiversity index to provide a numerical evaluation of various biodiversity scenarios. The ODE 45 is an efficient computational method that is used to obtain this quantification. According to our observations, biodiversity typically increases when the intra-specific coefficient is changed by percentages of 40%, 45%, 90%, 99%, and 99.99%. But the biodiversity advantage we saw at first turns into a biodiversity loss as the variances hit 101% and 105%. This shift takes place between the 99.99% and the 101% variation of the same parameter, which is the range of intra-specific coefficient variation. By using the distinct bifurcation intervals, we have found in this work, we can more effectively monitor the main worry regarding the loss of biodiversity gain, which can be interpreted as a decline in yields. Researchers studying the effects of climate change on plant species yields and related agricultural crops, such as environmentalists, numerical mathematicians, and numerical simulators, are expected to find significant value in the research findings of this study. This study presents and quantitatively discusses novel results that have not been previously reported elsewhere.
Phase Behaviour of Isobutane + CO2 and Isobutane + H2 at Temperatures between 190 and 400 K and at Pressures up to 20 MPa
Authors: Latcham Riley V. , Trusler J. P. Martin
Published: November 2023

Mixtures containing isobutane, carbon dioxide, and/or hydrogen are found in various industrial processes, green refrigerant systems, and the growing hydrogen industry. Understanding the thermophysical properties of these mixtures is essential for these processes, and depends on reliable experimental data. Making use of an automated static-analytical apparatus, measurements were made of the phase behaviour of binary mixtures of isobutane with CO2 and with H2, extending the range of available data for both mixtures. Measurements of the system isobutane + CO2 were carried out along three isotherms at temperatures of (240, 280, and 310) K with pressures from the lower limit of the sampling system (~ 0.5 MPa) to the mixture critical pressure. The results exhibit good agreement with literature data. Measurements on isobutane + H2 were carried out along nine isotherms at temperatures of (190, 240, 280, 311, 339, 363, 375, 390, and 400) K with pressures up to 20 MPa, covering a much broader range of conditions than the one prior investigation. The results have been used to optimise temperature dependant binary parameters in the Peng-Robinson equation of state with two different mixing rules. This approach was found to perform well in comparisons to alternative models.
Tailoring Treatment for Elderly Lung Cancer Patients: Evaluating the Clinical Benefit of Surgery and Adjuvant Therapy
Authors: Shi Enze , Chen Dong , Yin Xuejiao , Yin Xiaohui , Cui Jialin , Pan Yuancan , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiaomin
Published: November 2023

Background Surgery and adjuvant therapy are still the primary treatments for lung cancer,however, there is a lack of clear treatment guidelines specifically tailored for elderly patients with lung cancer. The objective of our study is to evaluate the clinical benefit and impact of surgey and adjuvant therapy in elderly patients(i.e.,≥ 70 years old) with lung cancer.
Methods Cases of elderly lung cancer were retrieved and obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEERs) database between 2010 and 2015. These cases were divided into surgery and no‑surgery group, and Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance the baseline characteristics between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Overall survival (OS) and cancer‑specific survival (CSS) were compared by using the Kaplan-Meier method and log‑rank test.
Results Our study enrolled a total of 38,359 patients, with 22,132(56.7%) in the surgery and 16,227(43.3%) in the no‑surgery group. After being matched at a 1:1 ratio by PSM, 9439 patients from each group were included. Among age-stratified analysis (70-74; 75-79; 80-84; ≥85), The 5-year OS rate was 90.6%, 56.3%, 28.1% and 12.5% respectively in the surgery group and was 90.6%, 56.3%, 28.1% and 12.5% respectively in the no-surgery group(all p<0.05); The 5-year CSS rate was 90.6%, 56.3%, 28.1% and 12.5% respectively in the surgery group and was 90.6%, 56.3%, 28.1% and 12.5% respectively in the no-surgery group (all p<0.05). After multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjuvant therapy was an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS (all P < 0.05). Further study show among elderly lung cancer patients, postoperative radio-chemotherapy had no improvement to survival.
Conclusion Among elderly patients(i.e.,≥ 70 years old), Surgical resection provided a significant overall survival benefit. However, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy may not provide survival benefits for postoperative elderly patients.
Bader’s bond ellipticity as a reactivity index for stepwise [2+1]-cycloaddition to the C60 fullerene
Authors: Tukhbatullina Alina A. , Shepelevich Igor S. , Sabirov Denis Sh.
Published: November 2023

Selectivity of chemical reactions of fullerenes is a challenge of fullerene science, as there is no universal tool to predict the favorability of the alternative reaction modes within one reactivity index. In the present work, using Bader’s theory Atoms-in-Molecules, we have studied the ellipticities of the C = C bonds in the molecules of fullerene adducts C60Xn (n = 1–3) with symmetric addends X = CH2 and O. We have obtained the correlations between the thermodynamic stability of the fullerene adducts and bond ellipticities in the molecular of their precursors. The found regularity may be further used for predicting the reactivity of fullerene derivatives and estimating of regioselectivity of the cycloaddition reactions.
Analysis of Landscape Architecture Planning and Design Under the Background of Multimedia Based on Swarm Intelligence Optimization Path Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Dong
Published: November 2023

Computer technology has brought greater convenience and effect to landscape architecture design. A multimedia-based landscape architecture method based on the optimization calculation method of swarm intelligence is proposed in this paper. Composition is performed through creation of the environment for the landscape architecture; then the landscape architecture processing in the basic classic multimedia environment is compared and analyzed; meanwhile updated methods are provided. The experimental results prove that compared with the traditional way of calculation and planning, the calculation method using the swarm intelligence optimization path has a smaller comparison of path length and can meet the design and planning standards of landscape architecture.
Application of vibration analysis for the diagnosis of rotating machines
Authors: Mohamedi Walid
Published: November 2023

By examining the RPM profile, analysts can identify any deviations or anomalies in the vibration patterns at different speeds. This information can help identify potential faults or imbalances within the rotating machinery. For example, unbalanced rotors or misalignment issues may manifest as increased vibration amplitudes at specific speeds. With a comprehensive understanding of the RPM profile, analysts can make informed decisions regarding maintenance and repairs. By identifying the specific speed ranges where vibrations are problematic, they can schedule maintenance activities accordingly. This proactive approach can help prevent unexpected breakdowns and costly repairs.
The importance of the dihydrodaidzein racemase and dihydrodaidzein reductase activities and the host microorganism to achieve an efficient equol production by engineered lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Marcano Susana Langa , Gámiz José Antonio Curiel , Herrero Angela Peirotén , Bastida Ana Ruiz de la , Landete José María
Published: November 2023

Equol is an isoflavone produced from daidzein by the microbial metabolism and it is of great interest for human health. Since equol production was described in bacteria that are difficult to grow and considered unsafe, the heterologous expression of genes involved in equol production in Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) and easily culturable bacteria is of great interest for the production of equol in large quantities. The heterologous expression of daidzein reductase (dzr), dihydrodaidzein reductase (ddr), tetrahydrodaidzein reductase (tdr) and dihydrodaidzein racemase (ifcA) from Slakia isoflavoniconvertens DSM 22006 in GRAS bacteria demonstrated that these bacteria were capable of producing equol from dihydrodaidzein (DHD), but only a few strains could produce equol from daidzein, always in low concentrations, with the exception of Limisolactobacillus fermentum INIA 584L and Limosilactobacillus fermentum INIA 832L. This study demonstrated that lactic acid bacteria can be engineered to produce bioactive compounds such as equol with high efficiency and the much higher production of equol by these strains was due to the greater activities of dihydrodaidzein racemase (DDRC), which acts in conjunction with daidzein reductase to produce DHD (S), and dihydrodaidzein reductase (DHDR), which may be related with the reducing power. In addition, the heterologous expression of ddr in GRAS bacteria produced equol and dehydroequol from DHD in addition to tetrahydrodaidzein.
Polygenicity and prevalence contribute to investigating the genetic signature of common diseases
Authors: Zhang Yuanjing , Li Weiran , Wang Wanrong , Wu Kejia , Zhou Feiran , Zheng Xiaodong
Published: November 2023

It was a great challenge in searching for the pathogenic genes of complicated disorders that are deleterious to human health. To search for characterized genetic signatures of common diseases, we developed a causal genotype combination pattern (CGCP) program previously. In this study, we used mathematics formula to infer the theoretical existence of linear relationship between variants frequency and prevalence, then observed the robustness with multiple computer simulations. By operating a whole-exome sequencing dataset in 781 psoriasis cases and 676 healthy controls of the Chinese Han population with a new strategy of the CGCP method, 620 genotype combinations were identified specific for psoriasis which covered range from 4.7% (37) to 10% (78) of all cases, and the frequency of each genotype was common (≥ 1%). All these genotypes merged into 134 genes, and 41 of them have been reported to be associated with psoriasis previously. Besides immune-related genes, we also identified 23 genes related to ATP metabolism. Benefit by the public data set of 1000 Genomes Project Phase III and the prevalence of psoriasis in many different ethnic populations got though literature search, a strong positive correlation and a linear regression model (y = 0.617*x + 4.79E-3) were established between the average frequency of these psoriasis-specific genotype combinations (x) and the prevalence of disease in different ethnicities (y), which may explain the differentiated prevalence in different populations. This strategy provides a new perspective to understand the characteristics of population genetics in common diseases.
Sustainable Geopolymer Bricks: Optimizing Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash, and Marble Dust Composites
Authors: KUMAR SUMIT , CHOPRA AVANI , Ha Zia Ui
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the use of fly ash (FA), rice husk ash (RHA), and marble dust (MDP) in geopolymer bricks, an eco-friendly alternative to traditional brick-making methods Geopolymerization, a process that employs alkali-activated materials to construct solid structures, has shown promise as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional brick-making methods. The researchers created brick samples using different amounts of FA, RHA, and MDP to investigate the properties of geopolymer bricks made with quality materials. To establish the bricks' quality and toughness, tests were conducted on them for efflorescence, water absorption, and compressive quality. After the first 24 hours of treatment, the pace of power rise slowed down to a moderate level. The geopolymer bricks were cured under ambient temperature for 24 hours. This study produced geopolymer bricks using a mixture of FA, RHA, MDP, and an alkali-soda chemical activator solution. The bricks had dimensions of 230mm × 110mm x 75mm. Different proportions of the components were utilized in the mixture, with fly ash comprising 70% to 85% of the combination, fine aggregate accounting for 70% to 95%, rice husk ash ranging from 15% to 30%, and marble dust powder accounting for 5% to 30%. This research's main goal was to determine the effect of these different extents on the properties of the bricks. For each mixture, the concentration of NaOH was maintained at 12M. On the other hand, the sodium silicate ratio was kept constant at 1:2.5. Studies have shown that fine aggregate-constructed geopolymer bricks have greater compressive strength than natural sand. indicating that fine aggregate is a good choice for geopolymer brick production. Using recycled materials as alternatives for burnt bricks in buildings can provide economic and construction benefits. These findings emphasize the significance of future studies into the environmental and economic implications and the durability features of geopolymer bricks. Geopolymer bricks were tested on days 7, 14, and 28 to identify the order in which their overall quality was assessed for strength, air, compressive strength, and water absorption.
Ammonium availability and pH control the contributions of ammonia- oxidizing bacteria and archaea to nitrification
Authors: Wen Jennifer , Upchurch Rima , Zak Donald R.
Published: November 2023

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) control nitrification in terrestrial systems. Soil pH and substrate availability (NH4+) influence community composition, which may affect the contributions of these organisms to nitrification in forest soils. We identified the amoA of AOA and AOB from northern hardwood stands that represent a natural gradient of nitrification, soil pH, and net N mineralization (i.e., NH4 + availability). Specifically, we investigated (1) the responses of relative abundance and composition of AOA and AOB communities to soil pH and net N mineralization, and (2) how community composition was linked to nitrification. Soil pH was a stronger driver of AOA and AOB relative abundance than was NH4+ availability. Generally, AOA and AOB community turnover were positively associated with soil pH; however, many AOA ASVs displayed a negative association. Interestingly, the relative abundance of only a small number of AOA and AOB ASVs were significantly associated with nitrification. Our findings reveal that coexisting taxa and groups of ammonia-oxidizers in forest soils have diverse responses to environmental factors, which influence how soil microbial communities are structured, having direct implications for nitrification and the regulation of N cycling in forest systems.
Cotton Leaf Curl Disease Suppression by Interspecies Microbiome Transplantation
Authors: Badar Ayesha , Aqueel Rhea , Nawaz Ali , Ijaz Umer Zeeshan , Malik Kauser Abdulla
Published: November 2023

Background
Begomovirus, the causative agent of the Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD), has been corrupting cotton yield, quality, and production throughout the world since its first outbreak in 1912. The cotton crop, the “white gold” of Pakistan, has been plucked by various biotic stresses including Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV), amounting the production loss of the crop to almost half in the past ten years. Although several breeding attempts have been made to develop cotton lines tolerant to CLCuD, the mutation rate of CLCuV remains too high to allow permanent tolerance to any developed cultivar. In this study, the plant microbiome is proposed as a favorable environmental and economy friendly alternative to induce CLCuD suppression in the CLCuD-susceptible specie Gossypium hirsutum. The study employed the microbiome of the naturally immune diploid species of cotton, Gossypium arboreum, as a hub of diverse bacterial community. Both the rhizospheric and phyllospheric microbiotas of G. hirsutum (PFV1 and PFV2) and G. arboreum (FDH228) species with varying tolerance levels to CLCuD were isolated. The rhizospheric and phyllospheric microbiotas were termed as Microbial Fractions (MFs) and were transplanted to young G. hirsutum and G. arboreum seedlings, with null microbiota development, through soil drench method. Salicylic Acid (SA), a known plant phytohormone with defense-inducing properties, was also applied to a positive control group through foliar spray method.
Results
Most prominent CLCuD suppression was recorded through disease incidence assays in G. hirsutum varieties transplanted with rhizospheric MFs successively from FDH228 (RMF), PFV1 (pRMF) and PFV2 (SMF). The phyllospheric MFs also suppressed CLCuD but to a lesser extent as compared to rhizospheric MFs. The findings laid by disease incidence assays have been further supported with Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for microbial diversity of the MF samples and corresponding associated pathways. The results strongly demonstrate distinct bacteriomes of the cotton species governed by relative CLCuD tolerance levels.
Conclusions
A strong practical foundation is laid to present the role of plant microbiome in CLCuD suppression and remains the first attempt to elucidate this against a viral disease. Microbiome transplantation can contribute to the advancement of sustainable agriculture.
Biological Motion and Emotion: Investigating the Impact of Tempo Manipulations
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Burger Birgitta , Wöllner Clemens
Published: November 2023

The perception of emotions in human movements can be influenced by several movement features such as fluidity, complexity, and tempo. Slow motion in movies, for instance, have been widely used to evoke emotional responses. However, there has been limited research on how tempo manipulation affects the perceived emotions, by accelerating or decelerating the tempo a movement is presented at. The aim of the current study was to examine how tempo-manipulated point-light displays (PLDs) of human movements, in comparison to their tempo-original counterparts, influence the perceived emotional arousal and valence by altering the underlying movement characteristics. In an online perceptual experiment, we presented tempo-original and tempo-manipulated PLDs at three tempi, with and without synchronized drumbeats. Participants were asked to judge a stimulus based on its emotional arousal, valence, and naturalness. Results suggested that movements with higher fluidity were perceived lower in arousal, while stimuli that were higher in naturalness were perceived more positive in valence. Furthermore, decelerated movements were associated with increased fluidity compared to accelerated or tempo-original ones. Tempo deceleration were associated with lower naturalness compared to tempo-original ones. The findings indicate that tempo manipulation can be identified via kinematic feature change, consequently changing some emotional attributes perceived of movements.
A mixed methods evaluation of clinical supervision with a metropolitan public health service
Authors: Tivendale Rebecca , Hitch Danielle
Published: November 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the effectiveness and quality of clinical supervision for Allied Health clinicians across nine disciplines, from the perspective of supervisees and supervisors. In a metropolitan public health service.
Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative descriptive design utilising online survey data collection via the MCSS-26 (previously known as the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale). The survey was distributed online, and all responses were anonymous. Descriptive and comparative analyses were undertaken to interpret the data.
Results: A total of 164 allied health and community services health clinicians responded, demonstrating a response rate of 36%. The majority of participants were female, in Grade 2 positions, and received clinical supervision monthly. Patient-related issues were discussed most frequently during these sessions. The delivery of most clinical supervision continues to utilise traditional one-to-one formats, although some professions (such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and nursing) experimented with alternative models. While total scores suggested the participants experienced effective supervision, there was significant variation across disciplines and grades. Moderate to strong correlations were also found between MCSS-26 subscale and total scores and overall satisfaction with clinical supervision.
Conclusion: These findings emphasise the importance of tailored approaches to clinical supervision, considering the varied needs and perceptions of different individuals, professions and grade levels.