bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Mobile Game Service Adoption in Generation Z and Millennials in Indonesia
Authors: Sudirman Acai , Lie Darwin , Nainggolan Nana Triapnita , Sherly Sherly , Sianipar Martin Yehezkiel
Published: December 2022

Technological advances that are growing from time to time make game developers vying to create the latest games that attract the attention of game lovers. The emergence of various game genres encourages high usage intentions and usage behavior for true game lovers. This research is here to facilitate the factors that influence the adoption of mobile game services in the Generation Z and Millennials groups in Indonesia. The research instrument used an online questionnaire distributed to 210 respondents who were none other than users of mobile game services from the Generation Z and Millennial generations. The data collection process was carried out in the period from March to May 2021. Next, the researchers tested the hypothesis using a variant-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) called Partial Least Square (PLS) and the SmartPLS version 3.0 application as a tool to analyze it. This research concludes that perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, and facilitating conditions have a positive and significant effect on usage intention. Then the results of this research also confirm facilitating conditions, habit and usage intention also have a positive and significant influence on use behavior.game developers, this can be considered for the improvement of mobile game services in the future. Suggestions for further research to increase the number of samples that are able to represent mobile game users as a whole and for further studies to use other approaches in predicting mobile game usage behavior, for example with the TRA, TPB, and UTAUT2 models. We believe that the characteristics of Generation Z and Millennials are user groups who are sensitive to technological developments, especially in specific game genres. This study explores the impact of the convenience offered by several mobile game service application.
Sosyal Konuttan Güvenlikli Siteye: Şanlıurfa’dan Bir Kentsel Dönüşüm Hikâyesi
Authors: TAŞGÜZEN Zemzem
Published: December 2022

Şanlıurfa’nın Selahaddin Eyyübi mahallesinde 1960’lı yıllarda inşa edilen, kentin ilk sosyal konutlarından olan Belediye lojmanları, kentsel dönüşüm kapsamında 2000’li yılların başında yıkılmış; yerine yaklaşık 10 yıllık bir zaman içinde, Polatkan Sitesi inşa edilmiştir. İçinde bulunduğu kentsel dokuyla uyumsuz bir tipoloji oluşturan 12 bloklu 12 katlı Polatkan Sitesi, yan yana duran ama duvarlarla ayrılan, tipoloji olarak birbirine benzer ama “yaşam kalitesi” olarak eşitliksiz iki konut grubundan oluşur. Eski lojman sakinlerinin payına ise, sitenin vadettiği sosyal olanaklardan mahrum bırakılan düşük standartlı konut grubunda yaşamak düşer. Bu metnin amacı, lojmanı ve kapalı siteyi, gündelik yaşam pratikleri, mekânsal nitelik ve içinde bulunduğu toplumsallık bağlamında tartışmaktır. Lojman yaşamının geçmiş deneyimini hatırlamak ve günümüz Polatkan sitesi kullanıcılarının gündelik hayatını anlamak adına, görüşmecilerin evlerinde bireysel derinlikli görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş; mekânsal ve sosyal değişim, fotoğraflar ve öznelerin gündelik hayat anlatıları üzerinden tartışılmıştır. Kendisi de hâlihazırda ayakta duran bu lojmanlardan birinde çocukluğunun belli bir dönemini geçirmiş olan yazarın gözlem ve deneyimi de çalışmada yer bulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın bir diğer amacı, konut/kentsel dönüşüm politikaları alanındaki tartışmalara merkez dışı bir kent örneği üzerinden eklemlenmektir.
Portofolio Logika Isnaeni
Authors: Isnaeni
Published: December 2022

Secara umum, pengertian logika adalah hasil pertimbangan dari akal pikiran manusia yang diutarakan melalui kata-kata dan dinyatakan dalam bahasa.Pendapat lain mengatakan, arti logika adalah suatu penalaran yang dilakukan atau dinilai sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip validitas yang ketat. Logika adalah salah satu cabang filsafat yang mempelajari tentang kecakapan berpikir secara teratur, lurus, dan tepat.Secara etimologis, istilah “logika” berasal dari bahasa Yunani, yaitu Logos yang kemudian membentuk kata Logikos dimana artinya adalah suatu pertimbangan akal (pikiran) yang diungkapkan dengan kata-kata atau bahasa.
Differential expression of RPS6KA6 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of RPS6KA6, encoding ribosomal protein S6 kinase A6, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. RPS6KA6 was also differentially expressed in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. RPS6KA6 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient skeletal muscle as compared to control skeletal muscle. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Tugas logika
Authors: Resky Siti Nazwa Cahya
Published: December 2022

pengertian logika adalah hasil pertimbangan dari akal pikiran manusia yang diutarakan melalui kata-kata dan dinyatakan dalam bahasa.Pendapat lain mengatakan, arti logika adalah suatu penalaran yang dilakukan atau dinilai sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip validitas yang ketat
Analisis Sumber Dan Penggunaan Modal Kerja
Authors: H Yuris Huswatun
Published: December 2022

Modal kerja merupakan investasi perusahaan dalam bentuk uang tunai,surat berharga piutang dan persediaan, dikurangi dengan kewajiban lancer yangdigunakan untuk membiayai aktiva lancer, modal kerja dapat dikategorikanmenjadi dua yaitu modal kerja kotor dan modal kerja bersih. Modal kerja kotoradalah jumlah aktiva lancer, dan modal kerja bersih adalah jumlah harta lancardikurangi jumlah hutang lancar.
Differential expression of HIST1H3I in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of HIST1H3I, encoding histone cluster 1 (H3i) in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. HIST1H3I was also differentially expressed in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. HIST1H3I transcript was present at significantly lower levels in ALS patient skeletal muscle as compared to control skeletal muscle. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
ChatGPT Usage and Limitations
Authors: Azaria Amos
Published: December 2022

Large language models have been shown useful in multiple domains including conversational agents, education, and explainable AI.ChatGPT is a large language model developed by OpenAI as a conversational agent. Being a large language model, ChatGPT is trained on massive amounts of data. Clearly, the characteristics of the data influence ChatGPT's responses. In this paper, we stress a surprising bias of ChatGPT related to the use of digits in numbers. Namely, we show a very high correlation between the frequency of digits generated by ChatGPT and humans' favorite numbers, with the most frequent digit generated by ChatGPT, matching humans' most favorable number, $7$. We also show some advantages of ChatGPT being developed as a conversational agent, and discuss some of its limitations.
Dasar-Dasar Optika Geometri
Authors: Hadi Miftachul
Published: December 2022

Draf rintisan paling awal. Berisi hasil kajian penulis terkait optika geometri. Materi ini bisa digunakan sebagai bahan belajar tingkat perguruan tinggi. Dalam mengkaji optika geometri, penulis sangat terbantu diskusi dengan kawan-kawan korespondensi. Terima kasih beribu terima kasih atas semuanya. Saran, masukan, koreksi dan tanggapan bisa dilayangkan ke alamat email: itpm.id@gmail.com. Insyaallah, draf ini terus diupayakan untuk dilengkapi, diperbaiki. Semoga berguna.
Differential expression of ALDH1L1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published microarray data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of ALDH1L1, encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. ALDH1L1 was also differentially expressed in primary motor neurons isolated from patients with ALS. ALDH1L1 transcript was present at significantly lower levels in skeletal muscle from patients with ALS as compared to skeletal muscle from control individuals. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Konstitusi sebagai pembatas masa jabatan presiden dan isu tiga periode
Authors: Mukminin Amirul
Published: December 2022

Konstitusi sebagai pembatas isu tiga periode dan perpanjangan masa jabtan presiden.
Differential expression of CPNE8 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of CPNE8, encoding copine 8, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. CPNE8 was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. CPNE8 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient skeletal muscle as compared to control skeletal muscle. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Differential expression of SLC16A6 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published microarray data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of SLC16A6, encoding solute carrier family 16 member 6, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. SLC16A6 was also differentially expressed in primary motor neurons isolated from patients with ALS. SLC16A6 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in skeletal muscle from patients with ALS as compared to skeletal muscle from control individuals. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Differential expression of PCDHB15 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of PCDHB15, encoding protocadherin beta 15, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. PCDHB15 was also differentially expressed in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. PCDHB15 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient skeletal muscle as compared to control skeletal muscle. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Eka Dayanti
Authors: B Rahmawati
Published: December 2022

Pengantar logik, negasi,konjungsu, disjungsi
Đâu là khó khăn cản trở sự phát triển của khoa học mở tại Việt Nam?
Authors: Hiệp TS Phạm
Published: December 2022

LTS: Khoa học mở, bao gồm các hợp phần tạp chí mở, dữ liệu mở, phần mềm mở, tài liệu khoa học mở… đang là xu hướng diễn ra ngày càng mạnh trên thế giới. Tại Việt Nam, khoa học mở đã được Hiệp hội Các trường đại học, cao đẳng Việt Nam tiên phong giới thiệu trong một vài năm gần đây.Trong bài viết gốc bằng Tiếng Anh, có tiêu đề "How to move open science from the periphery to the centre", đăng trên University World News ngày 19/11/2022, tác giả Phạm Hiệp đã tổng kết lại sự phát triển của khoa học mở Việt Nam trong hơn một thập kỷ vừa qua. Bản dịch do giải pháp AI (trí tuệ nhân tạo) do Nhóm nghiên cứu Reduvation (Trường Đại học Thành Đô) phối hợp với HTEcom phát triển và thực hiện.
The theory on thing's limits. Part 4: The definition of philosophy
Authors: DING Jian
Published: December 2022

Reasoning is a necessary condition of philosophy. And inertia is shown to be characterized by continuity, which is a necessary condition for reasoning in reality. There is continuity between truth and the corresponding objective things, which has always been an absence in philosophy. It is precisely because of this absence that ambiguity occurs when a reasoning process in reality reaches between being and non-being. Thereby leading to the definition for "philosophy" has been in an inconclusive dilemma. Philosophy is the reasons summed up by human beings in the processes of exploring the laws of nature and gradually cognizing truths. These reasons can involve all knowledge, according to whether they exist in reality to distinguish different domains, which can be divided into three parts: science, metaphysics and mathematics. Truth must have absoluteness and immutability, does not exist in reality, and belongs to the category of metaphysics. Therefore, in the category of metaphysics, only those contents that have continuity with the corresponding objective things in reality, have the necessary condition for belonging to philosophy. Once in this way to define what are contained in metaphysics, the definition for "philosophy" will come naturally. In the reality, everything contains two sides that are both opposite and unified. And as "background", metaphysics is also indispensable. Otherwise, it is impossible to clearly distinguish the two opposing sides and reach a consensus, thereby ignoring the continuity that exists between truth and the corresponding objective things. Therefore, the unity of opposites should be a ternary theory. The three are indispensable, cause and effect to each other, co-birth and co-annihilation
Portofolio logika
Authors: febriana Fica
Published: December 2022

Logika adalah hasil pertimbangan dari akal pikiran manusia yang diutarakan melaluikata-kata dan dinyatakan dalam bahasa Pada dasarnya logika memberikan banyakmanfaat bagi manusia dalam melakukan berbagai kegiatan. logika dapat dibedakan menjadi dua jenis yaitu1. Logika Alamiah2. Logika Ilmiah. Himpunan juga terdiridari 3 macam yaitu,Himpunan kosong,Himpunan semesta dan Himpunan yg sama Diagram venn ,Terdapat rumus dasar dari diagram venn, yaitu:n(X 𝖴Y)=n(X)+n(Y)–n(X ∩ Y)n(X 𝖴 Y 𝖴 Z)=n(X)+n(Y)+n(Z) –n(X∩ Y)–n(Y∩ Z)–n(Z∩ X)+n(X∩ Y∩ Z)Keterangan :n(X) = Jumlah elemen pada himpunan X Relasi dari himpunan A ke himpunan B adalah aturan yang menghubungkan anggota- anggota himpunan A dengan anggotaanggota himpunan B Relasi antara dua himpunan X dan Y, dapat dinyatakan sebagai himpunan pasanganberurutan (x, y) dengan x anggota himpunan pertama (X) dan y anggota himpunan kedua(Y).
Neuroendocrine involvement and retinoid signaling disorder in COVID-19: A different perspective on neuroendocrine involvement, menstrual irregularities and reproductive dysfunctions in COVID-19
Authors: Sarohan Aziz Rodan
Published: December 2022

Despite the intense work of researchers since the beginning of the pandemic, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not yet understood. Accordingly, the mechanism behind menstrual irregularities, abnormal uterine bleeding, abortions and reproductive problems in women has not been clearly clarified. Current information and a broad analysis of the literature suggest that retinol depletion and retinoid signaling defect may underlie the gynecological and reproductive problems seen in COVID-19. Retinol depletion and retinoid signaling disorder seen in COVID-19 can clearly explain the involvement in endocrine organs such as thyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands, apart from the disorders seen in the female genital system. It is known that SARS-CoV-2 causes chemosensory receptor disorders and exerts its pathogenic effects through these mechanisms. The relatively low expression of ACE2 receptors in the brain and endocrine organs, which are responsible for the invasion of SARS-CoV2 into host cells in COVID-19, is insufficient to explain the severe involvement of these organs. Systemic involvement and multi-organ damage in COVID-19 also suggest that the pathogenetic disorder in COVID-19 develops through multiple receptors and signaling pathways. As a result of impaired retinoid activity in neuroendocrine and genital organs in COVID-19, GPCR and STRA6 receptor synthesis and function are also impaired. Likewise, the synthesis of GPCR and STRA6 receptors occurs depending on retinoid activity. Retinoid activity and its associated STRA6 and GPCR receptors are densely located in the limbic system, which is the center of emotional activity in the brain, and in the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland and reproductive organs, which is the center of neuroendocrine regulation. This suggests that the excessive uterine bleeding, endocrine system and reproductive disorders in COVID-19 are caused by the deterioration of retinoid activity in this region. Likewise, the high expression of GPCRS and GnRH receptors in the brain and endocrine organs is in parallel with the neuroendocrine and genital organ involvement of COVID-19. The retinoid signaling defect, associated signaling pathways and receptors illuminate the complex mechanism of neuroendocrine involvement and peripheral organ involvement in COVID-19.
Retinoid Signaling Disorder and Immune System Dysregulation in Preeclampsia: pin-pull inflammation bomb, cytokine storm and ID index
Authors: Sarohan Aziz Rodan
Published: December 2022

Despite all the advances in biological sciences, the molecular pathogenesis mechanism of many inflammatory diseases has not been resolved. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia, which is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in women's and children's health, has not yet been resolved. The molecular pathogenesis mechanism of preeclampsia remains a mystery and awaits resolution. Preeclampsia is an important cause of fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Unless the underlying pathogenetic mechanism is resolved, no significant improvement should be expected in the treatment and prevention of this disease. In this context, it will not be possible to prevent serious maternal and fetal morbidity caused by preeclampsia. Studies and developments for the treatment of preeclampsia and the prevention of preeclampsia in obstetric practice and mother-baby health are of great importance for maternal and fetal health. In some previous studies, findings suggest that immune system dysregulation may occur in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. In this study, we present the immune system dysregulation and its associated retinoid signaling defect in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia from a new perspective in light of existing evidence. In this study, where we bring up the molecular mechanisms common to most autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, we focus on the immune and retinoid signaling mechanism in the placenta, which is the intersection point of feto-maternal tissues. In this study, considering the role of the active retinoid metabolite ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) in the protection of immune balance and in the mechanisms of decidualization, neovascularization, and placental invasion, the abnormal retinoic acid signal in the decidua (retinoid signaling disorder) is considered to be the main defect in the pathogenesis of trophoblastic tissue in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. We present convincing arguments that it may play an important role in the failure of invasion into the uterine spiral arterioles. Understanding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is essential for preventing preeclampsia and improving new therapeutic arguments for preeclampsia. In this study, the ID index, which shows immune dysregulation, is recommended as a predictive biomarker for preeclampsia.Keywords Preeclampsia, autoimmunity, retinoid signaling disorder, autoantibodies, anti-placental antibodies, vitamin A, ATRA, vitamin D, ID index
Buku Logika
Authors: Syam Nurul Resky Aulia
Published: December 2022

Ebook
Cara menanam sirih
Authors: Tanesib Deana natalia
Published: December 2022

. Latar Belakang1.Jika semua bahan sudah siap, cara menanam sirih dengan mengikuti langkah di bawah ini:* Potong stek sepanjang 40-50 cm dari ujung tanaman* Buang daun pada ruas yang hendak di tanam. Pada media tanam agar stek tidak busuk.* Tanam stek 2-3 ruas di dalam tanah.* Sungkup dengan plastik,taruh di tempat yang teduh.Setelah sirih di tanam perlu di rawat.Agar bisa tumbuh baik,perawatan yang biasa di gunakanadalah penyiraman,penyiangan, dan pemupukan.Saat musim hujan,penyiraman harus di lakukan setidaknya dua sampai empat hari sekali. Agar tanaman sirih tersebut tumbuh dengan baik.
Portofolio Logika
Authors: Padatau Mawar
Published: December 2022

Secara etimologi, Logika berasal dari perkataanYunani yaitu logike (kata sifat) dan logos (katabenda), yang berarti "pikiran atau perkataansebagai pemyataan dari pikiran, alasan atauuraian". Dengan demikian, logika merupakanpekerjaan akal pikiran manusia dalam bernalaruntuk menghasilkan kebenaran ataupenyimpulan yang benar. Sebagai ilmu, disebutlogica scientia yang berarti ilmu logika, namunsekarang ini hanya lazim disebut dengan logikasaja. Jadi, logika adalah suatu ilmu pengetahuantentang prinsip-prinsip dan norma-normapenyimpulan yang dipandang dari aspek yangbenar (sahih). Aristoteles, mengungkapkan"logika adalah ajaran mengenai berpikir secarailmiah membahas wujud pikiran itu sendiri danhukum yang mengendalikan pikiran". Logikasebagai Ilmu Pengetahuan Logika sebagai suatucabang ilmu pengetahuan dengan objekmaterialnya adalah berpikir atau bernalar atauproses penalaran.
Differential expression of MUSK in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of MUSK, encoding muscle-associated receptor tyrosine kinase, in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. MUSK was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. MUSK transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient skeletal muscle as compared to control skeletal muscle. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Portofolio logika Mawar Pada tau (C1C122027)
Authors: Padatau Mawar
Published: December 2022

Secara etimologi, Logika berasal dari perkataanYunani yaitu logike (kata sifat) dan logos (katabenda), yang berarti "pikiran atau perkataansebagai pemyataan dari pikiran, alasan atauuraian". Dengan demikian, logika merupakanpekerjaan akal pikiran manusia dalam bernalaruntuk menghasilkan kebenaran ataupenyimpulan yang benar. Sebagai ilmu, disebutlogica scientia yang berarti ilmu logika, namunsekarang ini hanya lazim disebut dengan logikasaja. Jadi, logika adalah suatu ilmu pengetahuantentang prinsip-prinsip dan norma-normapenyimpulan yang dipandang dari aspek yangbenar (sahih). Aristoteles, mengungkapkan"logika adalah ajaran mengenai berpikir secarailmiah membahas wujud pikiran itu sendiri danhukum yang mengendalikan pikiran". Logikasebagai Ilmu Pengetahuan Logika sebagai suatucabang ilmu pengetahuan dengan objekmaterialnya adalah berpikir atau bernalar atauproses penalaran.
Satriani
Authors: B Rahmawati
Published: December 2022

Pengantar logika, negasi,konjungsi
LOGIKA MATEMATIKA PGSD UNIVERSITAS MEGAREZKY 2022
Authors: Haryana
Published: December 2022

Logika secara singkat adalah pertimbangan pikiran manusia yang diungkapkan melalui perkataan dan dinyatakan dalam bahasa. Logika bisa mencermikan jalan pikiran seseorang itu serta kemampuan nalarnya. Logika berasal dari kata Yunani kuno yaitu λόγος (logos). Logika adalah salah satu cabang filsafat yang dipelajari dalam ilmu pengetahuan. Dalam ilmu logika mempelajari kecakapan manusia untuk berpikir secara lurus, tepat, dan teratur. Dengan kata lain, objek materialnya yang dipelajari dalam ilmu logika adalah berpikir dengan penalaran, sedangkan objek formal logika adalah penalaran yang ditinjau dari segi ketepatannya. Logika juga penting dalam pelajaran matematika atau komputer. Dengan kata lain, objek materialnya yang dipelajari dalam ilmu logika adalah berpikir dengan penalaran, sedangkan objek formal logika adalah penalaran yang ditinjau dari segi ketepatannya. Logika juga penting dalam pelajaran matematika atau komputer.
Logika
Authors: B Rahmawati
Published: December 2022

IntisariLogika adalah suatu ilmu pengetahuan tentang prinsip-prinsip dannorma – norma Penyimpulan yang dipandang dari aspek yangbenar (sahih). Mempelajari logika itu sama dengan mempelajariilmu pasti, dalam arti sama-sama tidak langsung memperolehfaedah dengan ilmu itu sendiri, tapi ilmu-ilmu itu sebagai perantarayang merupakan suatu jembatan untuk ilmu-ilmu yang lain jugauntuk menimbang sampai dimana kebenaran Ilmu-ilmu itu.Didalam matematika, variable adalah nilai yang dapat berubah dalamsuatu cakupan soal atau himpunan operasi yang diberikan. Konstantapada dasarnya sama seperti variable, hanya saja nilai yang tersimpandalam konstanta tidak dapat di ubahdalam proses program.Negasiatau ingkaran adalah sebuah operasi yang mengambil proposisi P keproposisi yang lain “yang Bukan P” Negasi Dinyatakan dalam notasi~P. Kuantor adalahNotasi yang memungkinkan kita untukmenkuantifikasi ( Menghitung) seberapa banyak objek disemestapembicaraan yang memenuhi suatu predikat
Deep Learning Models for River Classification at Sub-Meter Resolutions from Multispectral and Panchromatic Commercial Satellite Imagery
Authors: Moortgat Joachim , Li Ziwei , Durand Michael , Howat Ian , Yadav Bidhyananda , Dai Chunli
Published: December 2022

Remote sensing of the Earth's surface water is critical in a wide range of environmental studies, from evaluating the societal impacts of seasonal droughts and floods to the large-scale implications of climate change. Consequently, a large literature exists on the classification of water from satellite imagery. Yet, previous methods have been limited by 1) the spatial resolution of public satellite imagery, 2) classification schemes that operate at the pixel level, and 3) the need for multiple spectral bands. We advance the state- of-the-art by 1) using commercial imagery with panchromatic and multispectral resolutions of 30 cm and 1.2 m, respectively, 2) developing multiple fully convolutional neural networks (FCN) that can learn the morphological features of water bodies in addition to their spectral properties, and 3) FCN that can classify water even from panchromatic imagery. This study focuses on rivers in the Arctic, using images from the Quickbird, WorldView, and GeoEye satellites. Because no training data are available at such high resolutions, we construct those manually. First, we use the RGB, and NIR bands of the 8-band multispectral sensors. Those trained models all achieve excellent precision and recall over 90% on validation data, aided by on-the-fly preprocessing of the training data specific to satellite imagery. In a novel approach, we then use results from the multispectral model to generate training data for FCN that only require panchromatic imagery, of which considerably more is available. Despite the smaller feature space, these models still achieve a precision and recall of over 85%. We provide our open-source codes and trained model parameters to the remote sensing community, which paves the way to a wide range of environmental hydrology applications at vastly superior accuracies and 2 orders of magnitude higher spatial resolution than previously possible.
Perceived vs. Observed mHealth Behavior: A Naturalistic Investigation of Tracking Apps and Daily Movement
Authors: Mao Chang , Bayer Joseph , Ross Morgan Quinn , Rhee Lisa , Le Huyen T. K. , mount jerry , Chang Yung-Ju , Hedstrom Alexander , Hovick Shelly R.
Published: December 2022

Research on mHealth apps provides mixed evidence regarding their effectiveness for behavior change, including physical activity. Synthesizing prior perspectives, we test predictors of tracking app and physical activity intentions (Study 1; N = 658) and their links to everyday mobility (Study 2; N = 418; N = 27,617,440 observations). Study 1 showed that individuals have overlapping perceptions of tracking apps and physical activity. Taking a naturalistic mobile sensing approach, Study 2 found that tracking app and physical activity intentions predicted self- reported physical activity – but not logged movement (i.e., walking, cycling, or running). Tracking app use was not related to the level of logged movement in daily life. However, participants who regularly used tracking apps were more likely to view them as impactful, suggesting that daily mHealth app use is related to perceived (vs. observed) behavior change. Together, our studies illuminate how perceptions of mobility and mobile media – and their effects – can become intertwined in users’ minds.
Coherence and telicity in adults’ event representations
Authors: Gomez-Vazquez Diana , Bonatti Luca Lorenzo
Published: December 2022

Events are effortlessly segmented out of streaming reality. We can refer to them with verbs, along with aspectual morphemes and adverbs to focalize on specific parts. This suggests that, besides visual clues or statistical structures, also primitives facilitating event individuation may exist. Here we focus on the notion of endpoint arising from telicity, and on how (if) their description varies as a function of participants' native language. Participants saw videos showing actions consisting of an activity and an endpoint, combined in their components such that their connectedness could vary. We explored perceptions of these events and their descriptions in four different languages. Participants considered all events as coherent regardless of the inconsistencies between the action performed and the endpoint for the event. Verb selection in describing the events was influenced by the nature of the events, modulating the choice of result vs. manner verbs, but not by participants' natural language. These findings highlight the role of teleological information in the process of event individuation, suggesting that manner and goals are fundamental properties of how the mind conceive the events, over and above their linguistic realizations.
“See no Evil. Feel no Evil?”: Exploring Emotional Responses to Masked Moral Violations in Religious and non-Religious Singaporean Participants
Authors: Leong Man Qing , Yu Zhaoliang , Tsikandilakis Myron , Tong Eddie M W
Published: December 2022

Previous psychological research has provided mixed evidence for whether religious individuals are more sensitive to moral violations compared to non-religious individuals. Empirically, firstly, it is unclear whether religious individuals experience higher physiological arousal to immorality, and secondly, if they do, whether this arousal is an unconscious-intuitive response or whether it involves conscious awareness. In the current research, we explored these two empirical questions. We explored the effects of backward masked morally improper elicitors in religious and non-religious participants from Singapore, using heart-rate assessment, and self-reports for the appraisal of immorality. Religious and non-religious individuals did not show different self-report ratings for immorality, although, surprisingly, religious individuals showed higher heart-rate responses. These responses were reported only for hits but not for miss responses for signal-detection performance. This suggests that religious individuals do, indeed, experience higher physiological responsivity to immoral elicitors and that this effect involves conscious awareness.
Editorial
Authors: Silwal Yam Bahadur
Published: December 2022

NA
Echoes of Historicity in Bhim Birag’s Sworsamratako Samjhana
Authors: Shrestha Tara Lal
Published: December 2022

A piece of art or a literary piece is an important source of politico-cultural context where/when an artist or author exists. One of the instances is Bhim Birag’s memoir Sworsamratako Samjhana (The Reminiscence of the Vocal King of Nepal). This paper firstly discusses how Bhim Birag turned to be an artist, shifting from Birgunj to Hetauda, and how not only the place and people associated with him determined his personality but power within a politico-cultural atmosphere also shaped his personal association and artistic activities. It primarily discusses the contexts associated to the text Sworsamratako Samjhana with reference to the information gathered through personal interviews, group discussions and interactions along with published documents. Secondly, it presents instances of friendship between Bhim Birag and Narayan Gopal, which began from Birgunj, nurtured in Hetauda and continued till the end of their life that altered not only their future but also shaped the history of modern Nepali music within the Panchayat period. Finally, the paper attempts to analyse the instances about the association between them and the influence of the politico-cultural context in their biographies and creations.
Lifestyle and Struggle of the Nomadic Nat Community: A study of the Nat community in Sarlahi, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Laxman
Published: December 2022

The Nat community, which involves the people of a Madheshi Dalit caste, comprises a nomadic lifestyle and history. The main objective of this study is to investigate the lifestyle, history, citizenship, ownership of property, profession, religion, education and usage of information technology of the nomadic community with permanent residence. In this research, descriptive and explanatory research framework has been adopted. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using qualitative and quantitative methods and household survey methods. Historical and frequency analysis were adopted to analyze data. Information and data were collected through in-depth interviews with 47 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. This study reveals that lifestyle and occupation of Nat community were closely related with their poor educational status. Out of 47 participants of this community, 45 had got Nepali citizenship. It was found that 43 of the 47 participants had their own house. It has been found that the main occupations of all 47 respondents were begging. Out of total, 58 percent of school age children were out of school and the school going children scarcely went to school. With their nomadic lifestyle and begging occupation, they appeared be in the primitive hunter-gatherer stage of human social development. Due to the lifestyle of the Nat community, they were found to be illiterate, poor and marginalized.
Increasing the productivity of rajma through proper sowing date and plant geometry
Authors: Pokhrel Anil , Dangi Sangharsh Raj
Published: December 2022

Rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation is gaining popularity in Terai to Hills of Nepal. The poor plant establishment and yield due to the results of unsuitable sowing time and row spacing are the main reasons for lower productivity of it. Therefore, the date of sowing and row spacing trials were conducted in two consecutive years, 2017 and 2018 at the Grain Legumes Research Program, Khajura, Banke. A widespread and registered variety of rajma PDR 14 was used in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four sowing dates (a) 11th October, (b) 26th October, (c) 10th November and (d) 25th November as the main-factor, and three rows spacing (a) 30 cm, (b) 40 cm and (c) 50 cm as the sub-factor, consisted of three replications. The effect of the date of sowing on all the yield and yield attributing characters was found significant at a one percent significance level. Similarly, row spacing has resulted in a significant difference in grain yield. Rajma sown on 26th October (Kartik 9) produced 12, 38 and 64% higher grain yield than sown on 11th October, 10th November and 25th November, respectively. Moreover, rajma seeds sown on 26th October with 30 cm × 10 cm plant geometry produced the highest grain yield (2185 kg/ha). The narrow row spacing seemed well than the wider row in rajma production. There is a great potential to increase the production and productivity of rajma through an appropriate time of sowing and row spacing.
Effect of mulch materials on potato production and soil properties in high hill of Parbat, Gandaki Province, Nepal
Authors: Timilsina Sandip , Khanal Asmita , Timilsina CK , Poon TB
Published: December 2022

An experiment for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) was conducted to evaluate the use of mulching materials in increasing productivity and profitability of potato production. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five different mulching materials including control replicated for four times namely, banmara (Agertina adenophora) weed (T1), black polythene sheet (T2), white polythene sheet (T3), commercially used mulch paper having black color outside and silver color inside (T4) and farmers practice (T5) as a control with no mulch. The research result revealed that all the mulching materials significantly (p value ≤ 0.05) increased tuber yield and yield attributing characters of potato as compared with control (no mulch). The highest tuber yield was obtained from mulching with commercial mulch paper followed by mulching with black polythene sheet in both years. Mulching with banmara also produced significantly (p value ≤ 0.01) higher tuber yield than no mulch plot in the year 2017 and 2018. Mulching practices significantly (p value ≤ 0.05) improved the soil available phosphorus. The incremental benefit cost ratio was highest (2.97) in the mulched with banmara followed by commercial mulch paper (2.12). The banmara mulch was also profitable with comparatively higher tuber yield.
Growth and yield of different oat (Avena sativa) varieties in Lalitpur district of Nepal
Authors: Pant Shankar Raj , Ghimire Ram Prasad , KC Prenil , Upreti Sujaya
Published: December 2022

Oat (Avena sativa) is considered as one of the best fodders to mitigate the present seasonal feed deficit for ruminants in Nepal. The study was undertaken to evaluate eleven oat varieties for fodder and seed yield at the Khumaltar condition from December 2021 to April 2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The fodder oat varieties; Ever leaf, Titan, Baler no. 1, Sweet oat, Monida, Qingyin no. 1, Qinghai no. 444, Kona, Swan Pak, Longford, and Netra (as a check variety) were used as the treatments. An experimental unit was a 4 m × 3 m sized plot with the row to row spacing of 0.30 m and continuous sowing within a row. A total of two cuttings were taken for fodder. The observations on growth and yielding characters comprising of plant height, leaf area, number of tillers plant-1, number of leaves/tiller, fodder dry matter, seed and straw yield were recorded. The results showed the fodder dry matter yields ranged from 2.35 to 3.58 t/ha and were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the varieties. The seed and straw yields were obtained statistically different (p<0.05) among the varieties. Netra (2.90 t/ha) and Kona (2.88 t/ha) produced higher seed yields. Similarly, the highest straw yield was produced for the variety Longford (8.73 t/ha).
Characterization of Nepalese rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces for qualitative traits
Authors: Kharel Raju , Subedi Sujan , Ghimire Diwas , Shrestha Suraj
Published: December 2022

The characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces enables to identify phenotypically unique variables which certainly aid in rice breeding program. So, an experiment was conducted in alpha designed to characterize 188 rice landraces from NAGRC (National Agriculture Genetic Resources center) Nepal for their qualitative agromorphologies in research farm of Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan in 2020 AD. Twenty-nine qualitative variables viz; twelve leaf characters, six culm characters, four panicle character and seven grain characters were observed and 26 characters revealed diverse trait expressions for each variable in experimented 188 rice accessions. Two leaf characters namely ligule colour and flag leaf attitude for early observation and one grain character (stigma colour for early observation) showed no variation among studied rice accessions. The intensity of green colour of leaf blade, culm lodging resistance and culm habit, secondary branching of panicle, and lemma and palea colour, lemma apiculus colour and sterile lemma colour, elucidated the higher variation in studied characters. The distinction revealed in qualitative characters approves the presence of abundant phenotypic diversity in the landraces assemblage and that eventually signifies the efficient and effective utilization of landrace in rice breeding programs.
Identification of micronutrient-rich germplasms of barley for mid-hills and Terai region of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Bhanu Bhakta , Adhikari Parbati , Thapa Shailendra , Sharma Shashi Ram
Published: December 2022

Zinc and iron deficiencies, common in many parts of the world, having risk factors that raise the burden of disease with high child and adult mortality. Breeding efforts for exploring barley grains with higher zinc and iron are underway. A study was conducted  during the normal barley growing season of 2017 to identify the barley genotypes with higher concentration of protein, starch, iron and zinc for the mid-hill and Terai conditions of Nepal. An augmented block design was followed, and two improved varieties i.e., Bonus and Solu Uwa were used as repeated checks. The average grain protein, starch, zinc, and iron content were 11.9%, 55.6%, 47.4 mg/kg and 41.4 mg/kg at Dailekh and 11.3%, 53.3%, 46.6 mg/kg and 39.9 mg/kg at Rampur, respectively. The grain protein content was found up to 19.8% (AM-55, AM-45, AM-88 at Dailekh) and 16.6% (AM-81, AM-77, AM-98 at Rampur). Similarly, the highest grain zinc content was found 97 mg/kg (AM-6, AM-138 and AM-125 at Dailekh) and 92  mg/kg (AM-226,  AM-99 and AM-227 mg/kg at Rampur). The highest iron content 71 mg/kg  ( AM-2, AM-43, AM-4 at Dailekh) and 63  mg/kg  (AM-90, AM-168 and AM-92 at Rampur). The identified genotypes with higher grain elements concentration are valuable resources for Nepal's barley breeding program that helps develop quality and nutritious barley varieties.
Management of bacterial leaf blight disease of rice in farmer's field condition at Bhaktapur district of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Patiksha , Baidya Suraj , Kandel Saraswoti , Chaudhary Suraj , Magar Prem Bahadur
Published: December 2022

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is considered as one of the major threats to rice production in Nepal. To identify the effective control measures, an experiment was done in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a farmer's rice field at Bhaktapur, during the summer seasons of 2018 and 2019. Three plants extracts; 1% Neem extract, 2% Asuro leaf extract, and 2% Titepati leaf extract along with two fungicides viz. 0.1% Agricin and 0.2% Blitox 50, and one bio-control agent 1%Kisan Pseudomonas were used as treatments. The first spray was given as a prophylactic spray at the jointing stage, and they were applied 3 times at 50, 60 and 70 days interval. All the treatments significantly reduced disease and improved test weight higher than control. Among the tested treatments, 0.1% Agricin performed as the best with 65.70% disease control and increase in yield over control by 28.13%. Among the tested botanicals, 2% stock solution of Titepati performed as the best with 50.59% disease control and increase in yield by 13.51%. Therefore, three times application of 0.1% Agricinat 10 day interval starting from jointing stage can be used to control BLB disease for higher rice production.
In vitro evaluation of different fungicides against Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria citri infecting citrus
Authors: Sigdel Susmita , Ranabhat Saurav , Bhandari Srijana , Magar Prem Bahadur , Shrestha Jiban , Subedi Subash
Published: December 2022

Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria citri are major plant pathogens of citrus, causing considerable production losses. Chemical fungicides are widely used for disease control. Using the food poisoning technique under in vitro conditions, an experiment was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of several fungicides against those pathogens. To evaluate the effect on Rhizoctonia solani mycelial growth, five different chemicals, viz. SAAF (Carbendazim 12% WP + Mancozeb 63% WP), Bavistin (Carbendazim 50% WP), VACOMIL PLUS (Metalaxyl 15% WP + Copper oxychloride 35% WP), and Raze (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) were used at 100 ppm and 200 ppm concentration each. Similar chemicals were used for Alternaria citri except for additional Mancozab (Mancozeb 75% WP). Mycelial growth inhibition was measured until the fungus nearly covered the plate in control. All fungicides reduced the fungal growth compared to control. After 96 hours of incubation with Rhizoctonia solani, maximum inhibition (100%) was achieved at both concentrations of Bavistin, followed by SAAF @ 200 ppm (97.59%) and SAAF @ 100 ppm (88.25%), whereas VACOMIL PLUS and Raze had the minimum effect on the mycelial growth. Similarly, after 8 days of incubation of Alternaria citri, SAAF @ 200 ppm showed the highest inhibition (70.86%), followed by SAAF @ 100 ppm (65.11%), Mancozab @ 200 ppm (64.39%), and Mancozab @ 100 ppm (47.48%), but the effect of Bavistin, Raze, and VACOMIL PLUS had the lowest impact. The chemical proven effective against the pathogens should be trialed in pot and field experiments for further verification.