bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanic study in sapi sonok madura herbal as a science learning resource for junior high school students
Authors: Amelia Ainunnuril , Yasir Mochammad , Sidik Rahmad Fajar
Published: December 2024

The lack of contextual learning in the field of science is one of the constraints in teaching and learning science. Contextual learning can be achieved by integrating local wisdom from the students' surroundings into science lesson plans. This approach serves as a bridge for introducing and preserving local wisdom by making it familiar to students. Through science learning based on contextual approaches, students can easily find real-life examples of scientific concepts that they study and observe in their daily lives. This research aims to describe the study of ethnobotany, or the types of natural materials found in one of Madura's local wisdom traditions, specifically the Madura Sonok cow herbal medicine. The findings of this study show a correlation between indigenous knowledge and scientific knowledge. The local community's knowledge of utilizing specific natural materials for livestock consumption, believed to have specific properties and benefits, is connected to scientific concepts in the study of natural materials or their classification. There are many types of scientific concepts that can be integrated with ethnobotany in the context of Madura Sonok cow herbal medicine, such as topics related to temperature and heat, elements, compounds, and mixtures, as well as the classification of living organisms. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques based on field data (interviews with key informants) and supported by relevant articles. The data analysis employed in this study is inductive analysis. This research was conducted in the area known for the local wisdom of Sonok cows, specifically in West Waru, Pamekasan. The conclusion of this study is that the process of making Madura Sonok cow herbal medicine demonstrates connections with three distinct scientific disciplines: chemistry, physics, and biology.
Identifikasi etnosains sapi sonok madura sebagai sumber pembelajaran ipa di smp
Authors: Sari Elisa Indah Mayang , Yasir Mochammad , Sidik Rahmad Fajar
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi unsur etnosains yang terdapat pada tradisi Sapi Sonok Madura yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar IPA di tingkat SMP. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2024 di Dusun Tobalang 2, Desa Waru Barat, Kecamatan Waru, Kabupaten Pamekasan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) hasil kajian etnosains dapat dilihat pada perbedaan Sapi Sonok dengan sapi pada umumnya, perawatan, dan karakteristik agar dapat mengikuti kontes; dan 2) hasil kajian etnosains terhubung dan berkaitan erat dengan materi konsep IPA SMP. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sapi Sonok Madura dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu sumber pembelajaran yang relevan dalam mata pelajaran IPA di tingkat SMP.
Model pembelajaran hybrid menggunakan aplikasi virtual class guna meningkatkan literasi digital mahasiswa
Authors: Firsty Oktaria Grahani  , Surya Priambudi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan model pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Perguruan Tinggi dalam meningkatkan kompetensi literasi digital mahasiswa. Urgensi penelitian model pembelajaran hybrid menggunakan aplikasi virtual class memungkinkan dalam peningkatan interaksi dan kolaborasi antara dosen dengan mahasiswa serta mahasiswa dengan mahasiswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan Research & Development dengan pendekatan ADDIE yang bertujuan mengembangkan model pembelajaran hybrid dengan menggunakan aplikasi virtual class untuk meningkatkan kompetensi literasi digital mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia Semester Gasal tahun ajaran 2024/2025 di Universitas Wijaya Putra dengan jumlah sampel 223 mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran hybrid menggunakan aplikasi virtual class cukup efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi literasi digital mahasiswa Universitas Wijaya Putra. Meskipun mahasiswa telah mahir memanfaatkan media digital untuk mencari informasi, namun kemampuan mereka dalam mengevaluasi kualitas informasi, seperti menelusuri sumber, membandingkan data, dan menyusun informasi secara kritis. Keterlibatan aktif mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran sangat penting untuk keberhasilan pembelajaran hybrid. Dosen dapat menggunakan teknik diskusi kelompok kecil, kuis interaktif, dan proyek kolaboratif yang melibatkan mahasiswa secara pembelajran hybrid sehingga akan membantu menciptakan suasana belajar yang lebih dinamis dan interaktif.
APRESENTAÇÃO DO VOLUME 16, NÚMERO 35, ANO 2024
Authors: JARDILINO José Rubens Lima
Published: December 2024

A Formação Docente – Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa sobre Formação de Professores (RBPFP) – é uma publicação do Grupo de Trabalho Formação de Professores (GT8), da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (Anped). Esta publicação refere-se ao último quadrimestre de 2023 - número 34, do volume 15 (setembro – dezembro) de 2023.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК КОМУНІКАТИВНИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ НА УРОКАХ НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МОВИ
Authors: Поселецька Катерина , Кушнір Софія
Published: December 2024

The article examines the process of formation and development of students' communicative skills in German lessons. Special attention is paid to the creation of a personally oriented learning model that promotes the development of students through active communication and the implementation of interactive methods. Various methods and approaches are presented that contribute to the stimulation of speech activity, among them: the use of interactive techniques (pair and group work, role-playing games), dialogic speech as the main component of communicative competence, problem-solving tasks for the development of communication skills, creation of a favorable emotional atmosphere for lowering the barrier to speaking a foreign language. The article also emphasizes the importance of a communicative approach in learning, which allows students to learn the material through interest and active interaction.
Modeling of asphaltene precipitation - part I: comparative study for asphaltene precipitation envelope prediction methods
Authors: Ali Ali A. , Hameed Abdul-Majeed Ghassan , Mohmmed Abdalellah O.
Published: December 2024

The solubility of asphaltenes in crude oils is predominantly influenced by variations in temperature, pressure, and oil composition. These alterations can precipitate asphaltene deposition, resulting in diminished permeability, obstruction of wells and auxiliary surface facilities, and ultimately, a reduction or cessation of production. Therefore, it is imperative for upstream and downstream processing engineers to comprehend and predict asphaltene phase behavior to implement effective preventative and remedial strategies and minimize costs. Asphaltene precipitation can be predicted through the application of solubility and colloidal theories. In this study, cubic equations of state and cubic-plus-association equations of state are utilized as solubility theory-based methodologies. The advanced versions of the Peng-Robinson (APR78) and Soave-Redlich-Kwong (ASRK) cubic equations of state are compared with cubic-plus-association (CPA) equations of state using Multiflash software to predict fluid and asphaltene phase behavior. The simulation results demonstrate a strong correlation between the ASRK model and the CPA model, with a minor deviation from the results of the APR78 model. This observation suggests that these models can effectively predict asphaltene behavior and yield acceptable results when compared to experimental data for fluid and asphaltene. Considering the likelihood of asphaltene deposition within wells, hence, it is recommended to develop a model to determine the locations and quantities of deposition.
Laboratory study investigating the impact of different LCMs additives on drilling mud rheology and filtration
Authors: Aleqabi Zainab Jawad , A. Alrazzaq Ayad A. Alhaleem , Kwesi Wayo Dennis Delali
Published: December 2024

Drilling operations in Basra's oil fields, particularly targeting the Dammam, Hartha, and Shuaiba formations, are facing significant challenges related to lost circulation. This study investigates the effects of incorporating lost circulation materials (LCMs) into bentonite-based and polymer-based drilling muds. Experiments were carried out using a high-pressure high-temperature filter press to evaluate the rheological properties and filtration performance of the different mud systems prepared using bentonite and polymer mixed with various compositions of additives. The results showed that the incorporation of LCMs increased the plastic viscosity and yield point of the polymer mud by 25-30%, while the impact on the bentonite mud was less significant. Notably, the using of fine-sized LCMs influenced the rheological characteristics of the polymer mud system, resulting in a 35-40% increase in parameters as the LCM concentration was raised. In terms of filtration performance, the bentonite mud exhibited the highest total fluid loss, whereas the polymer mud showed the lowest. The adding of LCMs led to a 20-25% reduction in fluid loss for both mud systems, with fine-sized LCMs at higher concentrations proving most effective in the polymer mud. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the substantial influence that the type, size, and concentration of LCMs can have on the rheological and filtration properties of drilling muds. It is confirmed that the polymer mud system is particularly sensitive to these LCM parameters. Desalination elimination of 80.95% associated with a maximum power output of 420 mW/m3 in the system.
Identification of clay mineral compounds in the Southern Iraqi upper Nahr Umar Formation using SGR logging
Authors: Kadhim Mahdi M. , Abdul Hussein Hassan A. , Dheyauldeen Atheer
Published: December 2024

Typically, sandstone oil reserves comprise various clay minerals, such as illite, chlorite, and kaolinite. The existence of these clay minerals drastically affected the quality of these reservoirs. This paper attempts to detect clay minerals and environmental deposition of the upper shaly-sand unit (USSU) of the Nahr Umar formation, as it is the main reservoir. It is a portion of an anticline composed of a lower Cretaceous clastic sandstone formation. The kind of environment, clay minerals, and depositional correlation between total organic matter and uranium content were determined using a spectral log of gamma-ray (SGR). According to the SGR log, the primary constituents of USSU are mixed-layer clays, which are illite, kaolinite, and chlorite. The investigated wells in the field's western north have Th/U (thorium/ uranium) ratios ranging from 0.465 to 18.4. Based on the Th/U ratio, the USSU had a mostly shallow marine with continental and marine environment traces. Additionally, a Th/K (thorium /potassium) cross-plot revealed that as kaolinite decreased, illite increased in the formation's southern region.
Formation evaluation for Mauddud Formation in Bai Hassan oilfield, Northern Iraq
Authors: K. Mohammed Noor Alhuda , Farman Ghanim M.
Published: December 2024

Formation evaluation is a critical process in the petroleum industry that involves assessing the petrophysical properties and hydrocarbon potential of subsurface rock formations. This study focuses on evaluating the Mauddad Formation in the Bai Hassan oil field by analyzing data obtained from well logs and core samples. Four wells were specifically chosen for this study (BH-102, BH-16, BH-86, and BH-93). The main objectives of this study were to identify the lithology of the Mauddud Formation and estimate key petrophysical properties such as shale volume, porosity, water saturation, and permeability. The Mauddud Formation primarily consists of limestone and dolomite, with some anhydrites present. It is classified as a clean formation due to its low shale volume of approximately 17%. The results of the study show a low water saturation of around 30% and an effective porosity reaching up to 32% (with an average of 11%). The Mauddud Formation was further analyzed using the cluster analysis method, which identified four distinct hydraulic flow units (HFUs). The permeability of the Mauddud Formation was predicted using the flow zone indicator method, revealing a range from moderate to sound quality, averaging approximately 22 md.
Oil spill cleanup using EDTA-coated magnetite magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Awda Maha J. , Abdulmajeed Basma A. , Shareef Zaid Nidhal
Published: December 2024

As a result of the critical importance of crude oil in modern industrial society, oil spills, specifically those involving crude oil, generate substantial environmental and ecological difficulties. In contrast to conventional treatment approaches, nanotechnology has demonstrated its efficacy in remedying oil spills This type of pollution could occur during oil investigation, transit, or storage. This study adopted a straightforward and economical method utilizing iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles for oil spills cleanup.  Magnetite Fe3O4 MNPs were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique, which involved combining ferric and ferrous ions in an alkaline solution at 80°C and a pH of 14. MNPs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). To improve their stability and efficacy, MNPs were coated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Three samples of crude oil with different APIs (23, 28.4, and 40.3) were used to study the ability of coated MNPs for oil spill cleanup.  Removal experiments were conducted at 25°C with a mass range of adsorbent (0.02-0.06 g). A neodymium magnet was utilized to extract the oil-contaminated magnetic nanoparticles from the water. The gravimetric oil removal (GOR) for APIs 23, 28.4, and 40.3 were 11.4 - 3.35, 7.19- 2.15, and 4.81 to 1.16 g/g, respectively. Experimental results demonstrated an inverse relationship between GOR and the API value, indicating that as the API value decreased, GOR increased, and vice versa. Furthermore, as the mass of the adsorbent material increased (0.02-0.06g), the GOR value decreased.
Aphron properties and application of surfactant drilling fluids in depleted reservoirs
Authors: Mutter Waleed K. , Almahdawi Faleh H. M. , Ali Jagar A.
Published: December 2024

Aphron drilling fluids (ADFs) are finding increasing application in science engineering fields because of their distinctive characteristic. As the interest in the application of aprons-based fluids continues to grow, there is a decisive need to advance a deeper understanding of the factors affecting their behavior and properties, especially for successful petroleum industries, such as drilling depleted reservoirs and production. This study delves into investigating the density, rheological behavior and properties, filtration properties, bubble size, and their distribution of Aphrons-drilling fluids utilizing two ionic surfactants. Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfate (SDBS) as an anionic surfactant, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, described as environmentally friendly, in Iraqi depleted reservoirs drilling. With an emphasis on the concentrations balance between Aphron generator (SDBS) and Aphron stabilizer (CTAB), the study analyzes the behavior and characteristics of Aphron drilling fluid. The investigation demonstrates that adding SDBS and CTAB reduces system density by 28%, owing to microbubbles production which is utilized with near-balance drilling. Rheological testing reveals that shear-thinning behavior in all Aphron samples improved, and the presence of SDBS affects the fluid's internal friction, gel strength, and short-term gel structure. Filtering control characteristic study demonstrates that the presence of microbubbles significantly minimizes fluid loss by 33% with 0.20% SDBS during filtering. Bubble size and dispersion studies demonstrate that 0.20% SDBS concentration, along with 0.30% CTAB, gives the best microbubble size and distribution. These findings suggest that Aphron fluids will be a promising innovation in petroleum industries, during actual drilling operations in Iraqi depleted oilfields.
Removal of artificial anionic dye by electrocoagulation and electro-oxidation combined system using aluminum and nano (Cu-Mn-Ni) composite electrodes
Authors: Jasim Reman A. , Salman Rasha H. , Zabar Muhannad K.
Published: December 2024

The combined system of electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-oxidation (EO) is one of the most promising methods in dye removal. In this work, a solution of 200 mg/l of Congo red was used to examine the removal of anionic dye using an EC-EO system with three stainless steel electrodes as the auxiliary electrodes and an aluminum electrode as anode for the EC process, Cu-Mn-Ni Nanocomposite as anode for the EO process. This composite oxide was simultaneously synthesized by anodic and cathodic deposition of Cu (NO3)2, MnCl2, and Ni (NO3)2 salts with 0.075 M as concentrations of each salt with a fixed molar ratio (1:1:1) at a constant current density of 25 mA/cm2. The characteristics structure and surface morphology of the deposited nano oxides onto the graphite substrates were determined by (XRD), (FE-SEM), (AFM), and (EDX). The results shown that nano Cu-Mn-Ni oxides were successfully deposited onto the anode and cathode. The crystal size and root mean square for the cathode were 30.79 nm and 79.36 nm, respectively, while for the anode, they were 24.19 nm and 41.88 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the combined system was examined for C.D, NaCl concentration, and time. In the EC-EO combined system, the cathode and anode were efficient when used as anodes for the EO process, besides aluminum. The cathode was more effective in the removal process than the anode due to its larger crystal size and the rough, granular shape of its surface. When current density (C.D) increased from 3 to 6 mA/cm², the removal efficiency shifted from 95% to 98%. However, excellent removal of 98% and 96.5% was attained with 1.665 and 2.0859 kWh/kg of dye as energy consumption in the presence and absence of NaCl salt, respectively by applying 6 mA/cm2 within 20 min of electrolysis.
Reservoir permeability prediction based artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Ghargan Hayder Mahdi , Al-Fatlawi Omar , Bashir Yasir
Published: December 2024

Predicting permeability is a cornerstone of petroleum reservoir engineering, playing a vital role in optimizing hydrocarbon recovery strategies. This paper explores the application of neural networks to predict permeability in oil reservoirs, underscoring their growing importance in addressing traditional prediction challenges. Conventional techniques often struggle with the complexities of subsurface conditions, making innovative approaches essential. Neural networks, with their ability to uncover complicated patterns within large datasets, emerge as a powerful alternative. The Quanti-Elan model was used in this study to combine several well logs for mineral volumes, porosity and water saturation estimation. This model goes beyond simply predicting lithology to provide a detailed quantification of primary minerals (e.g., calcite and dolomite) as well as secondary ones (e.g., shale and anhydrite). The results show important lithological contrast with the high-porosity layers correlating to possible reservoir areas. The richness of Quanti-Elan's interpretations goes beyond what log analysis alone can reveal. The methodology is described in-depth, discussing the approaches used to train neural networks (e.g., data processing, network architecture). A case study where output of neural network predictions of permeability in a particular oil well are compared with core measurements. The results indicate an exceptional closeness between predicted and actual values, further emphasizing the power of this approach. An extrapolated neural network model using lithology (dolomite and limestone) and porosity as input emphasizes the close match between predicted vs. observed carbonate reservoir permeability. This case study demonstrated the ability of neural networks to accurately characterize and predict permeability in complex carbonate systems. Therefore, the results confirmed that neural networks are a reliable and transformative technology tool for oil reservoirs management, which can help to make future predictive methodologies more efficient hydrocarbon recovery operations.
Investigating the effects of ultrasonic waves and nanosilica on the viscosity reduction of Sharqy Baghdad heavy crude oil
Authors: Azeez Athraa W. , Hussein Hussein Q.
Published: December 2024

The current study examines the combined impacts of ultrasonic waves and nano silica (NS) on reducing the viscosity Sharqy Baghdad heavy crude oil with an API gravity of 20.32. NS of an average particle size of 59.93 nm and 563.23 m²/g surface area were produced utilizing the sol-gel technique from Iraqi sand. The XRD analysis indicates the existence of an amorphous silica, the SEM analysis showed that NS tends to agglomerate, and the FTIR spectra exhibited the presence of siloxane and silanol groups. In addition, the TGA analysis demonstrated a total weight loss of 15.62%, validating the thermal stability of the NS. The experiments included a study of the impact of ultrasonic power, exposure time, duty cycle, temperature, and the combined effects of the ultrasonic waves and silica nanoparticles on the degree of viscosity reduction percentage (DVR%). The results demonstrated that the viscosity of the heavy crude oil decreased by 27.83% at an irradiation time of 2 min, power of 360 W, 0.8 duty cycle, a temperature of 35 ⁰C, assisted by nano silica at a concentration of 1500 mg/L.
Carbon dioxide capture using functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes by EDA
Authors: Hassan Ibrahim F. , Majeed Najwa S. , Al-salman Ahmed Amer
Published: December 2024

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary factor considered to be responsible for global warming. CO2 capture technology has been considered an important issue to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. The current research investigates the functionalization of Multi-Wall Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by Ethylenediamine (EDA) solution which is used for CO2 capture at various operating conditions. Surface functionality groups and morphology of MWCNTs and physical properties were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), surface area Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET). The physical and chemical properties of CNTs have changed after the functionalization process, which enhances MWCNTs adsorption for CO2 gas. According to the study's results, during the functionalization process, amine groups bound to carbonaceous surfaces created CO2 adsorption sites on multi-walled CNTs, increasing the adsorption capacity of MWCNTs. The CO2 adsorption capacity was determined by volumetric technique at temperatures from 309 to 333 °K and a pressure of 1 to 7 bar. The exothermic nature of the adsorption process was indicated by the decreasing of CO2 adsorption capabilities via MWCNTs and MWCNTs-EDA with temperature rising. The results showed that the MWCNTs-EDA are a potential low-temperature adsorbent for CO2 capture. In addition, 0.6968 mmol g−1 of CO2 was adsorbed by MWCNT-EDA at 309 °K, while raw MWCNT adsorbed only 0.3428 mmol g−1 at the same condition.  Both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to model the experimental data, with the conclusion being that the Freundlich model fits the data well.
THE SEVERITY OF THE COURSE, RATHER THAN IMPAIRED EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY FUNCTION, DETERMINES THE OUTCOME OF COPD TREATMENT
Authors: Bilko V.V.
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of bronchopulmonary diseases resulting from protracted exposure to risk factors is on the rise, with these diseases now representing a primary cause of mortality on a global scale. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 5% of deaths occur in individuals diagnosed with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The study aims to correlate the assessment of quality of life, severity of the course, and spirometry data in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mateials and methods: 23 patients of the control group, 23 patients with COPD II, 11 patients with COPD III, and group E took part in the study in real conditions. All patients underwent assessment of the function of external respiration, assessment of quality of life by SF-36, SGRQ questionnaires, severity of dyspnoea and severity of symptoms - mMRC and SBP test, BODE index and predicted survival for 4 years were calculated. Results. The BODE index score shows a high score in both test groups with the recommended GOLD 2024 treatment, comparing the predicted 4-year survival with the treatment of patients with stage II and III COPD, group E analyzed that patients with a diagnosis of stage II COPD who received the recommended treatment according to GOLD2024 had a higher predicted survival than those who did not. Moderate and high correlations were found between SGRQ, SF-36, and mMRC scores, BODE index, mMRC, and 4-year prognostic survival. The assessment of the treatment received by patients with COPD stage III, group E directly interacts with the assessment of dyspnoea severity. Conclusion: the correlation analysis showed the need for an integrated approach to assessing quality of life, disease severity, dyspnoea, and symptoms. For further classification of patients, special attention should be paid to the problem of joint assessment of dyspnoea severity and COPD symptom components.
ESSAY WRITING SKILLS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN MEDICAL AND ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Lysanets Yu. , Klaus A. , Bieliaieva O.
Published: December 2024

In medical and ecological education, developing and consequently refining essay writing skills is of paramount importance, as it enables students to articulate original ideas with clarity and critically evaluate complex issues. This paper aims to explore the significance of essay writing skills in medical education, and to examine how these contribute to the development of well-rounded and competent professionals in healthcare and environmental studies. The study delineates the major benefits of developing essay writing skills and identifies the key writing competencies that may be beneficial for various activities in healthcare and ecology. Finally, we explore diverse essay types, foregrounding 10 major subtypes, relevant to the professional areas under consideration. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the pivotal writing competencies that can enhance various aspects of healthcare and ecology. On a practical level, our study provides valuable insights for educators and institutions aiming to tailor writing curricula to the specific needs and challenges faced by healthcare professionals and ecologists. The paper provides guidelines for universities on the integration of essay writing skills into curricula, including the cultivation of critical thinking and analytical abilities, enhancement of communication and research skills, promotion of collaborative and interdisciplinary work, and integration of reflective practice.
Zastupljenost enterobakterija u rizosferi ekološki uzgojene zelene salate
Authors: Bačani Marta , Odorčić Valentina , Mrkonjić Fuka Mirna , Tanuwidjaja Irina
Published: December 2024

Cilj ovog rada bio je odrediti ukupan broj mikroorganizama te zastupljenost enterobakterija u rizosferi ekološki uzgojene zelene salate (Lactuca sativa L.). Ukupno je sakupljeno 18 uzoraka rizosfernog tla tri sorti zelene salate (kristalka, puterica i hrastov list) s područja Varaždinske (OPG1) i Istarske županije (OPG2). Uzorci su sakupljeni u ljeto 2023. godine i analizirani na ukupan broj mikroorganizama koji su uzgojeni aerobno na 30°C dok su Gram-negativne bakterije obitelji Enterobacteriaceae uzgojene anaerobno na istoj temperaturi. Prosječne vrijednosti ukupnog broja mikroorganizama iznosile su 6,92 ± 0,12 log CFU/g za OPG1 te 7,09 ± 0,16 log CFU/g za OPG2, dok je ukupni broj enterobakterija bio 5,68 ± 0,26 log CFU/g za OPG1, te 5,23 ± 0,42 log CFU/g za OPG2. Iako su zamijećene statistički značajne razlike u ukupnom broju mikroorganizama i enterobakterija između dva gospodarstva (p < 0,05), razlike u brojnosti obje skupine mikroorganizama između različitih sorti uzoraka zelene salate nisu bile statistički značajne. Rezultati ovog rada pokazuju da je rizosferno tlo ekološki proizvedene zelene salate rezervoar enterobakterija koje čine značajan udio ukupne mikrobiote rizosfere zelene salate (1,3 do 8,8%) te da je potreban konstantan nadzor u cilju zaštite zdravlja potrošača.
Inovativne tehnologije sušenja zrna žitarica
Authors: Brandić Ivan , Krička Tajana , Matin Ana
Published: December 2024

Učinkovito sušenje zrna žitarica nakon žetve, zbog povišene vlage u zrnu ključno je za očuvanje kvalitete u procesu transporta i skladištenja. Tradicionalne metode sušenja temelje se na kontroliranom protoku zagrijanog zraka, osiguravajući ravnomjerno sušenje i smanjenje vlage, dok su inovativne tehnologije sušenja razvijene osim navedenog radi poboljšanja učinkovitosti i energetske efikasnosti cjelokupnog procesa. Postoje razne vrste inovativnog sušenja, a u ovome radu opisane su najznačajnije (mikrovalne tehnologije, infracrvene tehnologije i sušenje u fluidiziranom sloju te radiofrekvencijsko sušenje). Mikrovalne tehnologije sušenja kombinirane sa zagrijanim zrakom omogućuju brzo i energetski učinkovito sušenje. Primjenom infracrvenog sušenje skraćuje se vrijeme sušenja i poboljšava kvaliteta osušenog zrna. Sušenje u fluidiziranom sloju omogućuje ravnomjerno sušenje velikih količina zrna u kraćem vremenskom periodu, dok se radiofrekvencijskim sušenjem omogućava brza, jednolika i učinkovita dorada zrna. Kombinirane tehnologije sušenja omogućuju postizanje optimalnih uvjeta procesa sušenja. Ovaj rad analizira efikasnost, prednosti i izazove u primjeni različitih tehnologija sušenja, te pruža komparativnu analizu. Cilj je pružiti sveobuhvatan uvid koji će olakšati razumijevanje i implementaciju navedenih tehnologija te pokazati kako razvijene tehnologije sušenja mogu značajno doprinijeti poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji osiguravajući tako sigurnost i kvalitetu žitarica tijekom skladištenja i distribucije.
Promjene sadržaja humusa na dijelu poljoprivrednog zemljišta Republike Hrvatske
Authors: Jungić Danijela , Husnjak Stjepan
Published: December 2024

The main goal of this paper is to indicate the intensity of changes in humus content in the arable soil layer on a part of the agricultural land in Croatia, based on a comparison of existing data from the reference periods of 1975 and 2015. The first reference period (1975) refers to the data collected during the preparation the basic pedological map of the Republic of Croatia on a scale of 1:50,000, in the period 1965-1985. The second reference period (2015) is represented by data collected from detailed pedological surveys of agricultural areas as a part of the development the conceptual irrigation projects. For the purposes of comparing the humus content, data were used from pedological profiles and collected from ten locations the conceptual designs of irrigation systems, created in the period 2009-2019, i.e. the reference period 2015, were analyzed. At all locations, a decrease in the content of humus in the arable soil layer was determined in the period between two reference periods. In terrestrial soils, the average decreasing in humus content was 0.33% and 72% was more pronounced than in hydromorphic soils, where the average decreasing in humus content was 0.25%. The decrease in humidity going from the west to the east of Croatia was reflected in the increase in the intensity of changes (decrease) in humus content. With the increase in humidity, from the east to the west part of Croatia, the intensity of decreasing soil humus content was less pronounced. The intensity of the decreasing of the humus content in the soil depends on soil properties, the intensity of anthropogenization and specificity of the climate on the investigated locations.
Zavod za vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo Agronomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu 105 godina u službi vinogradarstva i vinarstva Hrvatske
Authors: Preiner Darko
Published: December 2024

Zavod za vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo Agronomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu već je više od jednog stoljeća temelj vinogradarsko-vinarskog obrazovanja u Hrvatskoj. Osnovan 1919. godine, značajno je utjecao na nacionalnu vinsku industriju kroz istraživanje, suradnju u industriji i praktičnu obuku studenata. Područja istraživanja Zavoda su očuvanje i revitalizacija autohtonih sorti vinove loze, razvoj kultivara otpornih na bolesti, unaprjeđenje vinarske proizvodnje te istraživanje prilagodbe vinogradarstva klimatskim promjenama.. Ključna vrijednost je Nacionalna kolekcija autohtonih hrvatskih sorti vinove loze, koja se čuva na pokušalištu Jazbina koje je osnovano 1939. godine, a služi kao vitalni resurs za istraživanje i obrazovanje. Nedavne istraživačke inicijative obuhvatile su klonsku selekciju, održive prakse vinogradarstva, poboljšanje kvalitete vina i razvoj novih otpornih sorti grožđa korištenjem najsuvremenijih tehnologija. Ovi napori naglašavaju stalnu predanost Zavoda unaprjeđenju područja i suočavanju sa suvremenim izazovima u vinogradarstvu i vinarstvu.
Kemijske karakteristike različitih sorti jabuke dostupnih na hrvatskom tržištu
Authors: Peršić Martina , Flego Karin , Kozarić Ciković Marijana , Dudaš Slavica , Tomičić Marin
Published: December 2024

Jabuka (Malus domestica Borkh.) je jedan od glavnih izvora bioaktivnih tvari u ljudskoj prehrani. Važan je izvor pektina, organskih kiselina, vlakana, vitamina, oligosaharida i polifenola koji imaju izrazito pozitivan utjecaj na ljudsko zdravlje. Ovaj rad istražuje kemijski sastav 11 sorti jabuka dostupnih na hrvatskom tržištu, fokusirajući se na sadržaj šećera, kiselina i fenolnih tvari. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da sorte jabuka ‘Fuji’ i ‘Inored’ imaju najviši sadržaj šećera, dok je sorta ‘Granny Smith’ očekivano najkiselija. Okusna percepcija jabuke ne ovisi samo o sadržaju šećera ili kiselina, već u najvećoj mjeri o njihovom omjeru. S obzirom na izrazito visok sadržaj kiselina, sorta ‘Granny Smith’ je imala i najniži omjer šećera i kiselina. Sorte s najvišim omjerom šećera i kiselina u ovom istraživanju su ‘Inored’, ‘Fuji’ i ‘Golden delicious’ što ukazuje na njihov izražen sladak okus. Sorta ‘Morgana’ istaknula se kao najbogatija fenolnim tvarima, dok je sorta ‘Braeburn’ BIO imala najniži sadržaj fenolnih tvari. Sorte iz konvencionalnog i ekološkog uzgoja pokazale su varijabilne rezultate u sadržaju fenola, što ukazuje na značajan utjecaj genetskog materijala, agroekoloških uzgoja, te primijenjene tehnologije nakon berbe na nutritivni sastav ploda jabuke.
Automated procedure for early prediction of apple yield in orchardse
Authors: Stajnko Denis , Unuk Tatjana , Tojnko Nina , Kolmanič Simon
Published: December 2024

Procedure for early forecasting of apple yields in Slovenian orchards is presented with the help of a modern application that works in the Android environment and uses a fast 5G transmission network. To recognize fruits in images of ‘Golden delicious’ trees, we used the YOLO pre-learning network, which is based on convolutional neural networks and regression techniques to determine the position of apples in the image. To model the fruit yield, specific cultivar-adjusted growth curve is used, which makes it possible to predict fruit mass from the current and expected fruit diameter and the ratio between diameter and mass. The procedure was tested on a series of 20 images captured from six-years-old orchard revealing on average 71.84% accuracy in fruits counting, 108.27% accuracy in diameter calculating and 97.90% accuracy in yield forecasting. With the first estimation, we have shown that the automated method for yield forecasting is an excellent tool for accurately estimating the yield of an individual plot so we will continue to upgrade it in the future.
Doprinos europskih mikologa i fitopatologa u istraživanju fitopatogenih gljiva na području Hrvatske krajem 19. i početkom 20. stoljeća
Authors: Miličević Tihomir , Škorić Matea
Published: December 2024

Početak istraživanja gljiva na području Hrvatske, općenito, pa tako i fitopatogenih vrsta je u drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća. Prve opise fitopatogenih gljiva nalazimo u radovima našeg poznatog mikologa Stjepana Schulzera Muggenburškog (1802-1892). Međutim, veliki broj tadašnjih poznatih europskih botaničara, mikologa i fitopatologa također je u svojim radovima objavljivao nalaze i opise gljiva s područja Hrvatske, čime su dali veliki doprinos u istraživanjima istih te počecima razvoja mikologije i fitopatologije kod nas. U drugoj polovini 19 stoljeća to su bili Felix Karl Albert Ernst Joachim Thümen, Giovanni Bolle i Rüdiger Francesco Solla, a u prvoj polovini 20 stoljeća Otto Jaap, František Bubak, Richard Picbauer, Eduard Baudyš i Hans Sydow. Veliki broj fitopatogenih vrsta gljiva dobio je ime u njihovu čast kao npr. Blumeriella jaapii, Ramularia bubakiana, Puccinia baudysii i dr., a mnoge fitopatogene vrste gljiva koje su oni opisali prvi put dobile su imena po područjima ili lokalitetima Hrvatske gdje su prvi put nađene, kao npr. Phyllosticta dalmatica, Fusicoccum dalmaticum, Septoria dalmatica, Guignardia istriaca, Puccinia istriaca, Diplodina ragusina, Phoma ragusaea, Phoma djakovensis itd. Glavni cilj ovog rada je prikazati radove navedenih mikologa i fitopatologa vezane za područje današnje Hrvatske i ukupan broj fitopatogenih gljiva opisan u njima.
Tehnologije gnojidbe vinove loze za smanjenje negativnog učinka stresnih agroekoloških uvjeta
Authors: Gluhić David
Published: December 2024

Zbog značajne promjene klimatskih uvjeta u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća tijekom vegetacije vinove loze javljaju se brojni nepovoljni agroekološki uvjeti. Prije svega je to rast temperature zraka i nedostatak oborina, koji imaju negativan učinak na visinu prinosa i kvalitetu grožđa. Zbog nepovoljne strukture vinogradarske proizvodnje u Hrvatskoj primjena natapanja vinograda je vrlo malo zastupljena. Da bi vinogradari imali uspješnu proizvodnju grožđa i tijekom nepovoljnih agroekoloških uvjeta preporučuju se dodatne mjere u tehnologiji gnojidbe vinove loze. To je prije svega primjena biostimulatora, ali isto tako i ostalih važnih hranivih elemenata kao što su magnezij, bakar i kalij. Dodatne mogućnosti u borbi protiv stresnih uvjeta pružaju mogućnost primjene preparata na bazi silicija ili gline, te primjena posebnih polimera koji zadržavaju vodu u tlu tijekom sušnog ljetnog perioda. Redovnom primjeno ovih dodatnih mjera moguće je učinkovito smanjiti negativan utjecaj visoke temperature zraka i nedostatka oborina za uzgoj vinove loze.
Implementasi Kebebasan Berakad Pada Akad-Akad Perbankan Syariah Di Kota Pekanbaru Dalam Hukum Islam
Authors: Azani Muhammad
Published: December 2024

freedom of contract in terms of making/entering conditions in it is only a quasi-freedom of contract. This means that freedom of contract in Islamic law has not been fully implemented in existing contracts in sharia banking in Indonesia. Because on the one hand, in various contracts there are clauses/conditions that contain elements of freedom of contract based on Islamic law, but on the other hand they still contain elements of freedom of contract based on the conventional system. This is because the restrictions on freedom of contract in Islamic law are not fully respected by BUS. Implementation of freedom of contract in making clauses/entering conditions in the contract in BUS customers cannot yet exercise full freedom of rights because they receive a standard contract from a sharia bank. If viewed based on the theory of maslahah al-murlah, the clauses/conditions in the standard contract do not fully meet the criteria of benefit and are not in accordance with the concept of freedom of contract in Islamic law
Analisis Pengajuan Rencana Tuntutan Oleh Oditur Militer Terhadap Perkara Pidana Prajurut TNI
Authors: Habeahan Gebi Vani , July Esther
Published: December 2024

Dalam sistem peradilan militer, peranan oditur militer sangat krusial, terutama dalam tahap penuntutan. Salah satu aspek penting dalam proses penuntutan adalah pengajuan rencana tuntutan. Rencana tuntutan diajukan Oditur Militer kepada Oditur Jenderal TNI melalui Kepala Oditurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurai secara mendalam proses pengajuan rencana tuntutan oleh Oditur Militer kepada Oditur Jenderal TNI serta mengidentifikasi faktor- faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi penyusunan rencana tuntutan tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa proses pengajuan rencana tuntutan dimulai dari oditur melakukan pemeriksaan di persidangan, pembuatan rencana tuntutan oleh Oditur Militer, pelaporan rencana tuntutan kepada Kepala Oditurat, hingga pengajuan kepada Oditur Jenderal TNI. Selain itu, ditemukan dua faktor yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi oditur dalam merumuskan tuntutan, yaitu jenis tindak pidana yang dilakukan terdakwa dan fakta-fakta persidangan.
Pertanggungjawaban Direktur Nominee Dalam Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Authors: Indira
Published: December 2024

Korporasi bertanggungjawab atas perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh para pengurus seperti Direktur nominee yang menjadi tanggung jawab korporasi. Dengan kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh salah satu individu tersebut, kesalahan itu secara otomatis diatribusikan kepada korporasi. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pertanggungjawaban korporasi sebagai pelaku tindak pidana? dan dan agaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana direktur nominee dalam tindak pidana pencucian uang? Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif atau doktrinal. Hasil penelitiannya adalah korporasi dapat bertanggung jawab melalui pengurusnya maupun korporasinya berdasarkan teori coorporate organ, karena kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh korporasi itu sendiri ataupun oleh pengurusnya. Dalam tindak pidana korporasi khususnya tindak pidana pencucian uang, seorang direktur nominee walaupun namanya dipinjam tetap saja seorang direktur nominee tersebut melanggar Pasal 4 Undang-Undang No 8 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang. Dalam hukum pidana direktur nominee adalah orang yang turut serta melakukan kejahatan sesuai dengan Pasal 55 Ayat (1) KUHP. Hukuman dari direktur nominee tersebut adalah sama dengan orang yang melakukan tindak pidana pencucian uang (pengendali dari direktur nominee). Sedangkan korporasinya atau perusahaannya tersebut dapat juga dijatuhi hukuman sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 6 dan 7 Undang-Undang No 8 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang.
Jurnal Studi Efisiensi Konsumsi Energi Listrik Pada Proses Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit PT. Perawang Agro Sejahtera (PAS) Perawang
Authors: Rivai banjarnahor Julius , Situmeang Usaha , Tanjung Abrar
Published: December 2024

Salah satu cara untuk menentukan kebijakan perencanaan pengelolaan energi sehingga tercapai optimasi energi adalah analisis energi. Dalam analisis energi ini dihitung nilai energi yang digunakan dalam setiap tahap dalam suatu sistem secara keseluruhan untuk mendapatkan gambaran sejauh mana pemakaian energi tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada pabrik kelapa sawit PT. PERAWANG AGRO SEJAHTERA, Pada pembangkit daya yang dihasilkan ke generator adalah yang dimana daya semu 1450 kW dan daya aktif sebesar 1160 kW. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan Pada stasiun loading ramp penggunaan listrik yang didapat input sebesar 61 kW dan daya output sebesar 45,433 kW dan mendapatkan efisiensi sebesar 74,5%. Pada stasiun thresher penggunaan listrik yang dialirkan mendapatkan daya input 147 kW dan daya output sebesar 121 kW dan mendapatkan efisiensi sebesar 82,3% Pada stasiun press penggunaan listrik yang dialirkan mendapatkan daya input 182,5 kW dan daya output sebesar 115,63 kW dan mendapatkan efisiensi sebesar 63,4%. Pada stasiun klarifikasi penggunaan listrik nya yaitu daya input sebesar 185,5 kW dan daya output sebesar 124,987 dan mendapatkan efisiensi 67,4 %. Pada stasiun kernel penggunaan energi listrik nya yaitu daya input 296,5 kW dan daya output sebesar 193,302 kW dan mendapatkan efisiensi sebesar 65,2 %. Pada stasiun boiler penggunaan energi listrik yaitu daya input 263 kW dan daya output sebesar 175,618 kW dan mendapatkan efisiensi sebesar 71 %.
Analisis Starting Motor Tiga Phasa 3,3 kV 750 kW Menggunakan Reactor Di PT. Indah Kiat Pulp And Paper Perawang
Authors: Frido Heldi , Arlenny Arlenny , Yuvendius Hazra
Published: December 2024

Dari hasil perbandingan starting motor tanpa pengasutan dan dengan pengasutan menggunakan reactor terlihat adanya pengasutan arus pada saat starting motor. Starting motor tanpa pengasutan pada detik pertama lonjakan arus sebesar 937,2 Amp kemudian setelah detik kelima arus kembali susut sebesar 152,5 Amp. Sedangakan pengasutan mengunakan reactor terjadi tiga tahapan pengasutan arus, yaitu pada detik pertama arus sebesar 620,6 Amp lalu pada detik empat koma delapan detik terjadi lonjakan sebesar 938,5 Amp setelah itu susut pada detik kelima yaitu 152,4 Amp. Persentase pengasutan starting motor tanpa pengasutan dan dengan pengasutan reactor yaitu 33,87%.
Studi Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biogas Dari Limbah Kelapa Sawit Di PT. Inti Indosawit Subur SP 5 Siak
Authors: Purba Andika , Usaha Situmeang  , Arlenny
Published: December 2024

Pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas memproduksi energi listrik dari sumber energi yang berasal dari hasil pembakaran biogas, biogas dihasilkan dari gas yang melalui proses dekomposisi senyawa organik oleh secara anaerobik. Ada pun beberarapa keuntungan yaitu energi yang dihasilkan oleh biogas tidak menimbulkan polusi dan bisa mengurangi emisi rumah kaca, biogas merupakan solusi yang tepat untuk menggantikan bahan bakar fosil. Dalam penelitian mengenai studi kinerja pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas dari limbah kelapa sawit di PT. Inti Indosawit Subur di ketahui pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas buatan satu memiliki 2 unit gas engine dalam proses pembangkitan listrik dan masing-masing kapasitas pembangkitnya adalah 1,4 MW, berdasarkan hasil perhitungan efisiensi kinerja pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas buatan satu untuk faktor kapasitas rata-rata nilai efisiensinya adalah 66,881 %, faktor kapasitas netto memperoleh efisiensi  80.578  %, efisiensi termal sebesar 40,021 %,  dan faktor produktivitas memperoleh sebesar 66.881 % untuk nilai efisiennya, serta untuk konsumsi bahan bakar pembangkit listrik tenaga biogas buatan satu rata-rata menghabiskan sebesar 0,492 Nm3/kWh untuk konsumsi bahan bakarnya.