bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Navigation Support during Transitions in Care for Persons with Complex Care Needs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Howitt Lyndsay , Jacob Greeshma , Zucal Giulia , Smith Judy , Crocker Ellacott Rhonda , Sharkey Shirlee
Published: September 2024

Persons with complex care needs that arise due to chronic health conditions, serious illness, or social vulnerability are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes during transitions in care. To inform the development of a best practice guideline, a systematic review was conducted to examine the effect that navigation support has during transitions in care on quality of life, emergency department visits, follow-up visits, patient satisfaction, and readmission rates for persons with complex care needs. Eight databases were searched from 2016 to 2023. Studies were appraised using validated tools and data were extracted and presented narratively. The GRADE approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Seventeen studies were included and the majority focused on transitions from hospital to home. Navigation support was provided for one month to one year following a transition. Results weakly indicate that providing navigation support during transitions in care may increase follow-up visits, reduce readmissions within 30 days, and increase patient satisfaction for persons with complex care needs. There were no important differences for quality of life and emergency department visits within 30 days of a transition. The certainty of the evidence was very low. Providing navigation support during transitions in care may improve outcomes for persons with complex needs; however, there remains uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of this intervention and more high-quality research is needed.
Variability Assessment of Banana Cultivars and Intercropping with Lemongrass Based on Fruit Quality Indicators
Authors: Jesus Paulo Ricardo Rodrigues de , Leonel Magali , Leonel Sarita , Cândido Hebert Teixeira , Ouros Lucas Felipe dos , Damatto Junior Erval Rafael , Nomura Edson Shigueaki
Published: September 2024

Bananas are one of the most consumed fruits in the world and are essential for food security and in the agricultural economy. Their sustainable production is vital for many communities. Herein, the effects of banana cultivars, cropping systems (monocropping and intercropping with lemongrass), and the interaction between these factors on the physicochemical characteristics of ripe and unripe fruit were evaluated. The intercropping of bananas with lemongrass did not alter the main quality indicators of the fruit. The ripe fruits of the SCS451 Catarina cultivar stood out for their higher fruit mass, pulp/peel ratio, and firmness, while the fruits of the Prata Anã and BRS FHIA Maravilha cultivars had the highest SS, SS/TA ratio, pH, and reducing and total sugars. The cultivar SCS451 Catarina had the highest mineral content in the unripe fruit, and for all cultivars, the order of mineral levels was K > N > Mg > P > Ca > Fe > Zn. The higher content of total and resistant starch in the unripe fruit of the Prata Anã and BRS FHIA Maravilha cultivars, combined with the characteristics of the ripe fruit, make them suitable for both fresh consumption and industrial use. Diversifying cultivars improves the quality of banana fruit, and intercropping with lemongrass can be a sustainable method of managing banana fields.
Association between Dental Fear and Children’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Hegazi Fahad , Alghamdi Nada , Alhajri Danah , Alabdulqader Lulwah , Alhammad Danah , Alshamrani Lama , Bedi Sumit , Sharma Sonali
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between both parental dental fear and children’s dental fear and its impact on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of Saudi children in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data on 93 individuals aged 7–12 years were collected using clinical examination and Arabic-validated questionnaires: the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF19), and the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule—Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Negative binomial regression analysis was performed to study the association between children’s fear and parental dental fear as well as the OHRQoL, while adjusting for certain confounders. Results: Overall, our multivariate analyses showed that children with high dental fear (CFSS-DS ≥ 38, p = 0.027) and a higher percentage of dental caries (p = 0.013) had a significantly lower OHRQoL after adjusting for clinical and socio-demographic factors. Further, parental fear of dentists was significantly associated with children’s fear of dentists (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that children’s fear and dental caries are both associated with poorer OHRQoL. Further, parental dental fear about dentists was associated with children’s fear of dentists.
Grade-Level Differences in the Profiles of Substance Use and Behavioral Health Problems: A Multi-Group Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Cadet Kechna , Hill Ashley V. , Gilreath Tamika D. , Johnson Renee M.
Published: September 2024

We investigated associations between polysubstance use and behavioral problems among adolescents. Because substance use becomes more developmentally normative with age, we examined whether polysubstance use was less likely to co-occur with behavioral problems among older (vs. younger) adolescents. Using data from a nationally representative survey of US high school students, we compared the association between polysubstance use (i.e., use of alcohol, cannabis, tobacco/nicotine, and illicit drugs) and behavioral problems (i.e., suicide attempts, depressive symptoms, poor school performance, and sexual risk behaviors) by grade level. We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to characterize patterns of polysubstance use, and multi-group LCA to estimate invariance by grade. Among the three latent classes that emerged, classes were distinguished by having low, moderate, and high probabilities for behavior problems and use of substances. Class I comprised 52% of the sample, whereas classes II and III comprised 35% and 12% of the sample, respectively. The multi-group LCA showed that younger adolescents had a higher relative probability of co-occurring problem behaviors and polysubstance use. Findings may be helpful in targeting screening and prevention efforts of high school students by grade. Specifically, our results provide evidence that associations between behavioral problems and alcohol/drug use are weaker in later high school grades, suggesting that substance use may not be a weaker marker of behavioral problems for students in higher grades.
Appraising the Role of Strategic Control in Financial Performance: The Mediating Effect of the Resource Allocation Process—The Case of the Ministry of Finance–North Lebanon
Authors: Bchennaty Basma , Khan Muhammad Nauman , Massoud Mazen , Elhassan Tamima
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to appraise the influence of strategic control tactics on financial performance. The goal is to examine the mediating effect of the resource allocation process on the relationship between financial performance and five strategic control tactics. A quantitative hypothetico-deductive methodology was used in this study. A basic random sample of the Ministry of Finance–North Lebanon’s workforce was used to conduct an electronic questionnaire. A total of 232 valid responses were collected. Two statistical analysis methods, an exploratory and a confirmatory factor analysis, were implemented. The sample adequacy was confirmed by a KMO value higher than 0.7 before instigating the principal component analysis (PCA). The latter kept more than 60% of the initial data while structuring the data. The findings of the KMO and Barlett tests supported the adoption of PCA. The correlation matrix confirmed a statistically significant relationship between resource allocation, financial success, and strategic control techniques. The structural equation model (SEM) validated the linear correlations and statistical significance between the variables. The hypotheses were examined. Results confirmed that the model satisfactorily fits the data. The RMSEA is below the 0.05 threshold. The incremental indices are higher than 0.9. Results confirmed that the resource allocation process mediates the relationship between preventive control, operational control, special alert control, implementation control, and financial performance.
Neuroinflammation and Brain Health Risks in Veterans Exposed to Burn Pit Toxins
Authors: Brooks Athena W. , Sandri Brian J. , Nixon Joshua P. , Nurkiewicz Timothy R. , Barach Paul , Trembley Janeen H. , Butterick Tammy A.
Published: September 2024

Military burn pits, used for waste disposal in combat zones, involve the open-air burning of waste materials, including plastics, metals, chemicals, and medical waste. The pits release a complex mixture of occupational toxic substances, including particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals, dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Air pollution significantly impacts brain health through mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. Pollutants penetrate the respiratory system, enter the bloodstream, and cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), triggering inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Chronic environmental exposures result in sustained inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage, contributing to neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment. Veterans exposed to burn pit toxins are particularly at risk, reporting higher rates of respiratory issues, neurological conditions, cognitive impairments, and mental health disorders. Studies demonstrate that Veterans exposed to these toxins have higher rates of neuroinflammatory markers, accelerated cognitive decline, and increased risks of neurodegenerative diseases. This narrative review synthesizes the research linking airborne pollutants such as PM, VOCs, and heavy metals to neuroinflammatory processes and cognitive effects. There is a need for targeted interventions to mitigate the harmful and escalating effects of environmental air pollution exposures on the CNS, improving public health outcomes for vulnerable populations, especially for Veterans exposed to military burn pit toxins.
Evaluation of a Synthetic Retinoid, Ellorarxine, in the NSC-34 Cell Model of Motor Neuron Disease
Authors: Escudier Olivia , Zhang Yunxi , Whiting Andrew , Chazot Paul
Published: September 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease worldwide and is characterized by progressive muscle atrophy. There are currently two approved treatments, but they only relieve symptoms briefly and do not cure the disease. The main hindrance to research is the complex cause of ALS, with its pathogenesis not yet fully elucidated. Retinoids (vitamin A derivatives) appear to be essential in neuronal cells and have been implicated in ALS pathogenesis. This study explores 4-[2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxalin-2-yl)ethylnyl]benzoic acid (Ellorarxine, or DC645 or NVG0645), a leading synthetic retinoic acid, discussing its pharmacological mechanisms, neuroprotective properties, and relevance to ALS. The potential therapeutic effect of Ellorarxine was analyzed in vitro using the WT and SOD1G93A NSC-34 cell model of ALS at an administered concentration of 0.3–30 nM. Histological, functional, and biochemical analyses were performed. Elorarxine significantly increased MAP2 expression and neurite length, increased AMPA receptor GluA2 expression and raised intracellular Ca2+ baseline, increased level of excitability, and reduced Ca2+ spike during depolarization in neurites. Ellorarxine also displayed both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, these results suggest Ellorarxine shows relevance and promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of ALS.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Affect Human Inner Ear Vascular Permeability
Authors: Sekulic Marijana , Giaglis Stavros , Chatelain Nina , Bodmer Daniel , Petkovic Vesna
Published: September 2024

The integrity of the blood–labyrinth barrier (BLB) is essential for inner ear homeostasis, regulating the ionic composition of endolymph and perilymph and preventing harmful substance entry. Endothelial hyperpermeability, central in inflammatory and immune responses, is managed through complex intercellular communication and molecular signaling pathways. Recent studies link BLB permeability dysregulation to auditory pathologies like acoustic trauma, autoimmune inner ear diseases, and presbycusis. Polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs), or neutrophils, significantly modulate vascular permeability, impacting endothelial barrier properties. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in diseases with autoimmune and autoinflammatory bases. The present study evaluated the impact of NETs on a BLB cellular model using a Transwell® setup. Our findings revealed a concentration-dependent impact of NETs on human inner ear-derived endothelial cells. In particular, endothelial permeability markers increased, as indicated by reduced transepithelial electrical resistance, enhanced dextran permeability, and downregulated junctional gene expression (ZO1, OCL, and CDH5). Changes in cytoskeletal architecture were also observed. These preliminary results pave the way for further research into the potential involvement of NETs in BLB impairment and implications for auditory disorders.
A Visual Distance-Based Capillary Immunoassay Using Biomimetic Polymer Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive and Specific C-Reactive Protein Quantification
Authors: Huang Ruodong , Liu Zhenbo , Jiang Xinlin , Huang Junqi , Zhou Ping , Mou Zongxia , Ma Dong , Cui Xin
Published: September 2024

The low-cost daily monitoring of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels is crucial for screening acute inflammation or infections as well as managing chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we synthesized novel 2-Methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-based biomimetic nanoparticles with a large surface area to develop a visual CRP-quantification assay using affordable glass capillaries. The PMPC nanoparticles, synthesized via reflux precipitation polymerization, demonstrated multivalent binding capabilities, enabling rapid and specific CRP capture. In the presence of CRP, PMPC nanoparticles formed sandwich structures with magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with CRP antibodies, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity and specificity. These sandwich complexes were magnetically accumulated into visible and quantifiable stacks within the glass capillaries, allowing for the rapid, sensitive, and specific quantification of CRP concentrations with a detection limit of 57.5 pg/mL and a range spanning from 0 to 5000 ng/mL. The proposed visual distance-based capillary biosensor shows great potential in routine clinical diagnosis as well as point-of-care testing (POCT) in resource-limited settings.
Dependence of Protein Immobilization and Photocurrent Generation in PSI–FTO Electrodes on the Electrodeposition Parameters
Authors: Kehler Theresa , Szewczyk Sebastian , Gibasiewicz Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the immobilization of cyanobacterial photosystem I (PSI) from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conducting glass plates to create photoelectrodes for biohybrid solar cells. The fabrication of these PSI–FTO photoelectrodes is based on two immobilization processes: rapid electrodeposition driven by an external electric field and slower adsorption during solvent evaporation, both influenced by gravitational sedimentation. Deposition and performance of photoelectrodes was investigated by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy and photocurrent measurements. We investigated the efficiency of PSI immobilization under varying conditions, including solution pH, applied electric field intensity and duration, and electrode polarization, with the goals to control (1) the direction of migration and (2) the orientation of the PSI particles on the substrate surface. Variation in the pH value of the PSI solution alters the surface charge distribution, affecting the net charge and the electric dipole moment of these proteins. Results showed PSI migration to the positively charged electrode at pH 6, 7, and 8, and to the negatively charged electrode at pH 4.4 and 5, suggesting an isoelectric point of PSI between 5 and 6. At acidic pH, the electrophoretic migration was largely hindered by protein aggregation. Notably, photocurrent generation was consistently cathodic and correlated with PSI layer thickness, and no conclusions can be drawn on the orientation of the immobilized proteins. Overall, these findings suggest mediated electron transfer from FTO to PSI by the used electrolyte containing 10 mM sodium ascorbate and 200 μM dichlorophenolindophenol.
Altered Endoplasmic Reticulum Integrity and Organelle Interactions in Living Cells Expressing INF2 Variants
Authors: Tran Quynh Thuy Huong , Kondo Naoyuki , Ueda Hiroko , Matsuo Yoshiyuki , Tsukaguchi Hiroyasu
Published: September 2024

The cytoskeleton mediates fundamental cellular processes by organizing inter-organelle interactions. Pathogenic variants of inverted formin 2 (INF2) CAAX isoform, an actin assembly factor that is predominantly expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are linked to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) neuropathy. To investigate how pathogenic INF2 variants alter ER integrity, we used high-resolution live imaging of HeLa cells. Cells expressing wild-type (WT) INF2 showed a predominant tubular ER with perinuclear clustering. Cells expressing INF2 FSGS variants that cause mild and intermediate disease induced more sheet-like ER, a pattern similar to that seen for cells expressing WT-INF2 that were treated with actin and microtubule (MT) inhibitors. Dual CMT-FSGS INF2 variants led to more severe ER dysmorphism, with a diffuse, fragmented ER and coarse INF2 aggregates. Proper organization of both F-actin and MT was needed to modulate the tubule vs. sheet conformation balance, while MT arrays regulated spatial expansion of tubular ER in the cell periphery. Pathogenic INF2 variants also induced mitochondria fragmentation and dysregulated mitochondria distribution. Such mitochondrial abnormalities were more prominent for cells expressing CMT-FSGS compared to those with FSGS variants, indicating that the severity of the dysfunction is linked to the degree of cytoskeletal disorganization. Our observations suggest that pathogenic INF2 variants disrupt ER continuity by altering interactions between the ER and the cytoskeleton that in turn impairs inter-organelle communication, especially at ER–mitochondria contact sites. ER continuity defects may be a common disease mechanism involved in both peripheral neuropathy and glomerulopathy.
Effect of Earthing Mats on Sleep Quality in Rats
Authors: Ye Minsook , Jeong Woojin , Yu Hyo-jeong , Kim Kyu-ri , Rhie Sung Ja , Kim Yongsuk , Kim Jiyoun , Shim Insop
Published: September 2024

Grounding, a therapeutic technique involving direct contact with the earth, has been proposed by various studies to potentially have beneficial effects on pressure, sleep quality, stress, inflammation, and mood. However, the scientific evidence supporting its sedative effects remains incomplete. This study examined the sedative effectiveness of an earthing mat on sleep quality and investigated the underlying neural mechanisms using electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in rodents, focusing on orexin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the brain. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups: the naïve normal group (Nor), the group exposed to an earthing mat for 7 days (A-7D), the group exposed to an earthing mat for 21 days (A-21D), and the group exposed to an electronic blanket for 21 days (EM). EEG results revealed that the A-21D group exhibited significantly reduced wake time and increased rapid eye movement (REM), non-rapid eye movement (NREM), and total sleep time compared to the Nor group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the A-21D group demonstrated a significant increase in NREM sleep (p < 0.001), REM sleep (p < 0.01), and total sleep time (p < 0.001), along with a decrease in wake time compared to the EM group (p < 0.001). The orexin level in the A-21D group was significantly lower compared to the Nor group (p < 0.01), while SOD1 expression was markedly elevated in the A-21D group compared to the Nor group (p < 0.001). These results suggest that the earthing mat may represent a promising new method for promoting sleep quality and could serve as an effective therapeutic technique.
Assessment of Mannitol-Induced Chronic Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction In Vivo Using Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Sampedro-Viana Ana , Fernández-Rodicio Sabela , Castillo José , Hervella Pablo , Alonso-Alonso María Luz , Iglesias-Rey Ramón
Published: September 2024

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for protection and plays a crucial role in chronic neurological disorders like small-vessel disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Its complexity poses significant challenges for effective diagnostics and treatments, highlighting the need for novel animal models and comprehensive BBB dysfunction studies. This study investigates chronic BBB dysfunction induction using osmotic disruption via mannitol in healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats over 12 weeks. Group 1 received 1 bolus/week (2.0 g/kg), Group 2 received 3 boluses/week (1.5 g/kg), and Group 3 received 3 boluses/week (2.5 g/kg). BBB dysfunction was assessed using gadolinium (Gd) infusion and MRI to evaluate location, severity, evolution, and persistence. MR spectroscopy (MRS) examined the brain metabolism changes due to intravenous mannitol, with T2-weighted MRI assessing brain lesions. Biomarkers of neuroinflammation were analyzed in the highest mannitol dose group. Our data show chronic BBB dysfunction primarily in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, but not in the corpus callosum of rats under periodic mannitol dosing in groups 1 and 2. MRS identified a distinctive metabolite signature, including changes in alanine, choline, and N-acetyl aspartate in the striatum of Group 1. No significant differences were found in the serum levels of all pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines analyzed in the high-dose Group 3. This study underscores the feasibility and implications of using osmotic disruption to model chronic BBB dysfunction, offering insights for future neuroprotection and therapeutic strategies research.
Increased Motility in Campylobacter jejuni and Changes in Its Virulence, Fitness, and Morphology Following Protein Expression on Ribosomes with Altered RsmA Methylation
Authors: Sałamaszyńska-Guz Agnieszka , Murawska Małgorzata , Bącal Paweł , Ostrowska Agnieszka , Kwiecień Ewelina , Stefańska Ilona , Douthwaite Stephen
Published: September 2024

Infection with Campylobacter jejuni is the major cause of human gastroenteritis in the United States and Europe, leading to debilitating autoimmune sequelae in many cases. While considerable progress has been made in detailing the infectious cycle of C. jejuni, a full understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for virulence remains to be elucidated. Here, we apply a novel approach by modulating protein expression on the pathogen’s ribosomes by inactivating a highly conserved rRNA methyltransferase. Loss of the RsmA methyltransferase results in a more motile strain with greater adhesive and cell-invasive properties. These phenotypical effects correlate with enhanced expression of specific proteins related to flagellar formation and function, together with enzymes involved in cell wall/membrane and amino acid synthesis. Despite the enhancement of certain virulent traits, the null strain grows poorly on minimal media and is rapidly out-competed by the wild-type strain. Complementation with an active copy of the rsmA gene rescues most of the traits changed in the mutant. However, the complemented strain overexpresses rsmA and displays new flaws, including loss of the spiral cell shape, which is distinctive for C. jejuni. Proteins linked with altered virulence and morphology are identified here by mass spectrometry proteomic analyses of the strains.
Design, Building and Deployment of Smart Applications for Anomaly Detection and Failure Prediction in Industrial Use Cases
Authors: Dintén Ricardo , Zorrilla Marta
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comparative analysis of deep learning techniques for anomaly detection and failure prediction. We explore various deep learning architectures on an IoT dataset, including recurrent neural networks (RNNs, LSTMs and GRUs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers, to assess their effectiveness in anomaly detection and failure prediction. It was found that the hybrid transformer-GRU configuration delivers the highest accuracy, albeit at the cost of requiring the longest computational time for training. Furthermore, we employ explainability techniques to elucidate the decision-making processes of these black box models and evaluate their behaviour. By analysing the inner workings of the models, we aim at providing insights into the factors influencing failure predictions. Through comprehensive experimentation and analysis on sensor data collected from a water pump, this study contributes to the understanding of deep learning methodologies for anomaly detection and failure prediction and underscores the importance of model interpretability in critical applications such as prognostics and health management. Additionally, we specify the architecture for deploying these models in a real environment using the RAI4.0 metamodel, meant for designing, configuring and automatically deploying distributed stream-based industrial applications. Our findings will offer valuable guidance for practitioners seeking to deploy deep learning techniques effectively in predictive maintenance systems, facilitating informed decision-making and enhancing reliability and efficiency in industrial operations.
Unravelling the Molecular Identity of Bulgarian Jumping Plant Lice of the Family Aphalaridae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)
Authors: Pramatarova Monika , Burckhardt Daniel , Malenovský Igor , Gjonov Ilia , Schuler Hannes , Štarhová Serbina Liliya
Published: September 2024

Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are plant sap-sucking insects whose identification is often difficult for non-experts. Despite the rapid development of DNA barcoding techniques and their widespread use, only a limited number of sequences of psyllids are available in the public databases, and those that are available are often misidentified. Here, we provide 80 sequences of two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb), for 25 species of Aphalaridae, mainly from Bulgaria. The DNA barcodes for 15 of these species are published for the first time. In cases where standard primers failed to amplify the target gene fragment, we designed new primers that can be used in future studies. The distance-based thresholds for the analysed species were between 0.0015 and 0.3415 for COI and 0.0771 and 0.4721 for Cytb, indicating that the Cytb gene has a higher interspecific divergence, compared to COI, and therefore allows for more accurate species identification. The species delimitation based on DNA barcodes is largely consistent with the differences resulting from morphological and host plant data, demonstrating that the use of DNA barcodes is suitable for successful identification of most aphalarid species studied. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, while showing similar results at high taxonomic levels to previously published phylogenies, provides additional information on the placement of aphalarids at the species level. The following five species represent new records for Bulgaria: Agonoscena targionii, Aphalara affinis, Colposcenia aliena, Co. bidentata, and Craspedolepta malachitica. Craspedolepta conspersa is reported for the first time from the Czech Republic, while Agonoscena cisti is reported for the first time from Albania.
Proposal of a Protocol for Adjusting the Value of the SN-GoGn Angle in Steiner Cephalometry
Authors: Mourgues Thomas , González-Olmo María José , Martel-Lambert Matthieu , Nieto-Moraleda Carolina , Romero Martín
Published: September 2024

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the facial pattern according to Steiner’s cephalometric analysis with other facial measurement methods (Ricketts, Björk-Jarabak, and McNamara). Methods: 200 patients from a university orthodontic clinic were studied. Measurements were taken using Ricketts, Steiner, Björk-Jarabak, and McNamara methods. Results were compared using standard deviation proportions. Results: Significant differences were found between Steiner’s method and the gold standard. No differences were observed between mixed and permanent dentition groups. Errors were noted in facial type classification: 54.8% in the brachyfacial group, 80% in the mesofacial group and 14.5% in the dolichofacial group. Conclusion: The mandibular angle of Steiner tends to make a diagnosis more towards the dolichofacial type compared to other methods. A protocol is proposed to adjust the value of the mandibular angle of Steiner to the other three methods in a Spanish population.
Active Engagement: The Impact of Group-Based Physical Activities on the Resilience of Israeli Adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Tamir Yair , Novak Anne Marie , Cohen Itzhak , Adini Bruria , Lev-Ari Shahar
Published: September 2024

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a pressing concern in pediatric public health, with its prevalence rising among children and teenagers. This study explored the relationship between group-based physical activity and the well-being, resilience, and distress levels of Israeli youth, with a specific focus on those with ADHD symptoms. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 699 Israeli teenagers, assessing their participation in three types of physical activities: unorganized, structured, and the “Five Fingers” program. Data were collected through an online platform and analyzed using ANOVA, t-tests, and multivariable regression models to identify predictors of resilience. Results: Structured, group-based sport activities are associated with higher resilience (p < 0.01) and lower distress (p < 0.01) in adolescents. Adolescents with ADHD symptoms exhibited lower resilience (p < 0.001) and well-being (p < 0.001), and higher distress (p < 0.001). However, those with ADHD symptoms who participated in group-based activities fared better in terms of distress (p < 0.01) and well-being (p = 0.018) than those who did not. Participation in any sport activity, older age, male gender, and a higher socio-economic status predicted greater resilience in youth, generally. Conclusions: This study presents the potential of structured physical activities that involve psychosocial and group integration training to improve the mental health of adolescents, especially in the context of ADHD symptoms.
Impact of Shaking EDTA, Citrate, or MgSO4 Tubes on Platelet Count Results
Authors: Soulard Michel , Ketatni Hela , Visseaux Claire , Croix Pascale , Cohen Patrick
Published: September 2024

Background: In EDTA-induced pseudothrombopenia, citrate or MgSO4 are recommended for platelet counting. Pre-analytical conditions are poorly defined for tubes containing MgSO4 or citrate. In this study, we analyzed the impact of agitation of these tubes on platelet counts. Methods: K2EDTA, citrate, and MgSO4 tubes from 70 patients were gently agitated on a wheel rotating at 20 rpm. Platelets were analyzed on the Sysmex XN analyzer at different times, and the percentage of platelet deviation from T0 was assessed and compared with the desirable bias of the EFLM. Results: at 180 min in fluorescence, the relative variation of platelets after shaking is 1.17% for K2EDTA, −29.76% for citrate, and −33.18% for MgSO4, while for unshaken MgSO4 platelets the variation is −1.3%. The reduction in platelet numbers when citrate or MgSO4 tubes are shaken is linked to the appearance of platelet clusters. Conclusions: agitation of MgSO4 and especially citrate tubes led to a decrease in platelet counts due to the formation of platelet aggregates; on the other hand, platelet counts on EDTA are virtually stable. During transport, we recommend putting sodium citrate and MgSO4 tubes in an upright position and avoiding shaking them to avoid giving an erroneous platelet result.
Prevalence of Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Fabila-de la Cruz Oscar Daniel , Luna-Avila Eduardo Salif , Sotelo-González María del Pilar , Litardo-Mosquera Andrés D. , Orihuela Oscar , Ferreira-Hermosillo Aldo
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetic cardiac muscle disease or diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) comprises a set of myocardial lesions that are not associated with coronary atherosclerosis or high blood pressure. It is characterized by fibrosis and hypertrophy, which ultimately results in heart failure. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) has been shown to be the first manifestation of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Currently, there are few studies on the prevalence of diabetic cardiomyopathy in adult patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Methods: The study included 75 adult participants who underwent an echocardiogram. Data on their comorbidities were collected from their medical records and biochemical parameters were analyzed in blood and urine samples. Results: We found that the prevalence of DbCM in our T1D population was more than one-third (34%), which exceeded the prevalence reported in studies with adolescents and that reported in the population without diabetes. Also, we found that the probability of developing DD after 20 years of T1D diagnosis was 78%. Conclusions: Recommendations need to be issued in relation to diabetic cardiomyopathy to carry out secondary prevention in adult patients with T1D. More multicenter studies, which include a larger population, from different regions of the world need to be performed.
Impact of Child Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Confirmed Infections on Caregivers in Japan: A Web-Based Survey
Authors: Tanaka Mamoru , Morioka Ichiro , Funakoshi Yu , Xu Linghua , Kobayashi Yasuhiro , Muramatu Akari , Ito Shuhei
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Despite being the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants, the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on the caregivers of infected children remains largely unexplored. This study is the first in Japan to examine the psychological, social, and economic burdens on caregivers of infants infected with RSV. Methods: An online questionnaire survey was used to understand the circumstances surrounding RSV infection and the psychological, social, and economic burdens on caregivers. Equal numbers of infants aged either <6 or ≥6 months were enrolled. Results: A total of 606 caregivers were included in the final analysis. Notably, 36.1% of the infants were hospitalized. Most caregivers (91.4%) felt anxious about their infants’ RSV infection, and more than half (55.8%) answered that their anxiety interfered with their daily lives. Caregivers whose daily routines were disrupted due to concerns about RSV infection were more likely to hospitalize infants, particularly for extended stays. Infection significantly affected family dynamics, hindering normal daily activities and escalating stress, which in turn led to conflicts and arguments among family members (30.4%). Regarding the financial burden, most caregivers incurred medical expenses (34.2%). Additionally, 76.9% of caregivers expressed interest in the hypothetical RSV vaccination. Conclusions: In Japan, caregivers of infants with RSV experience had significant psychological burden regardless of whether the treatment is outpatient or inpatient. In addition, a non-negligible proportion of caregivers suffer from societal and economic burdens. This study lays the groundwork for all stakeholders to fully comprehend the comprehensive disease burden of child RSV infections.
Pulsatile Left Ventricular Assistance in High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Short-Term Outcomes
Authors: Bulum Josko , Bastos Marcelo B. , Hlinomaz Ota , Malkin Oren , Pawlowski Tomasz , Dragula Milan , Gil Robert
Published: September 2024

Objectives: To document the real-world experience with the use of pneumatic pulsatile mechanical circulatory support (MCS) with the PulseCath iVAC2L during high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions (HR-PCIs). Background: The use of MCS in HR-PCIs may reduce the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) at 90 days. The PulseCath iVAC2L is a short-term pulsatile transaortic left ventricular (LV) assist device that has been in use since 2014. The iVAC2L Registry tracks its safety and efficacy in a variety of hospitals worldwide. Methods: The iVAC2L Registry is a multicenter, observational registry that aggregates clinical data from patients treated with the iVAC2L worldwide. A total of 293 consecutive cases were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Estimated rates of in-hospital clinical endpoints were described. All-cause mortality was used as the primary endpoint and other outcomes of interest were used as secondary endpoints. The rates obtained were reported and contextualized. Results: The in-hospital rate of all-cause mortality was 1.0%, MACE was 3.1%. Severe hypotension occurred in 8.9% of patients. Major bleeding and major vascular complications occurred in 1.0% and 2.1%, respectively. Acute myocardial infarction occurred in 0.7% of patients. Cerebrovascular events occurred in 1.4% of patients. Cardiac arrest occurred in 1.7% of patients. A statistically significant improvement in blood pressure was observed with iVAC2L activation. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that the iVAC2L is capable of improving hemodynamics with a low rate of adverse events. However, confirmatory studies are needed to validate these findings.
Platelet Pathogen Reduction Technology—Should We Stay or Should We Go…?
Authors: Piccin Andrea , Allameddine Allameddine , Spizzo Gilbert , Lappin Katrina M. , Prati Daniele
Published: September 2024

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has significantly challenged blood transfusion services (BTS) for providing blood products and for keeping blood supplies available. The possibility that a similar pandemic event may occur again has induced researchers and transfusionists to investigate the adoption of new tools to prevent and reduce these risks. Similarly, increased donor travelling and globalization, with consequent donor deferral and donor pool reduction, have contributed to raising awareness on this topic. Although recent studies have validated the use of pathogen reduction technology (PRT) for the control of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) this method is not a standard of care despite increasing adoption. We present a critical commentary on the role of PRT for platelets and on associated problems for blood transfusion services (BTS). The balance of the cost effectiveness of adopting PRT is also discussed.
The Potential of Percent Agreement as an Adjunctive Diagnostic Tool for Acute Temporomandibular Disorder
Authors: Choi Seo-Young , Ok Soo-Min , Jeong Sung-Hee , Ahn Yong-Woo , Jeon Hye-Mi , Ju Hye-Min
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: It is well established that individuals with chronic temporomandibular disorder (TMD) exhibit differences in their physical and psychosocial characteristics from those with acute TMD. However, few studies have analyzed the physical and psychosocial characteristics of patients with acute TMD. The objective of this cross-sectional study is twofold: first, to ascertain whether there are differences in physical and psychosocial factors among patients with acute TMD based on the percent agreement between patient-reported pain sites and pain sites identified through standardized palpation and, second, to determine the potential of percent agreement as a diagnostic and prognostic factor. Methods: We analyzed physical and psychosocial factors in 309 patients diagnosed with acute TMD. Of these, 171 patients were selected for an analysis of their response to treatment. These patients were divided into three groups based on their percent agreement: Group A (agreement under 80%), Group B (agreement 80–89%), and Group C (agreement 90% or over) in the initial analysis and Group a (agreement under 80%), Group b (agreement 80–89%), and Group c (agreement 90% or over) in the subsequent analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Pusan National University Dental Hospital (IRB No. 2023-05-011, 25 May 2023). Results: The lower the percent agreement, the greater the parafunctional oral habits, stress, chronicity, somatization, depression, anxiety, and number of painful sites. A lower percent agreement was associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The percent agreement demonstrated a 41.2% capacity to predict residual pain after treatment. Conclusions: Clinicians can utilize percentage agreement as an adjunctive diagnostic tool to provide more suitable treatments to patients.
Match Point: Nuclear Medicine Imaging for Recurrent Thyroid Cancer in TENIS Syndrome—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gelardi Fabrizia , Lazar Alexandra , Ninatti Gaia , Pini Cristiano , Chiti Arturo , Luster Markus , Eilsberger Friederike , Sollini Martina
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Disease recurrence and resistance to radioiodine (RAI) therapy are major challenges in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). In particular, the TENIS (Thyroglobulin Elevated Negative Iodine Scintigraphy) syndrome, characterised by elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) serum levels in addition to a negative radioiodine whole body scan (WBS), complicates disease monitoring and treatment decisions. Conventional imaging techniques often fail to detect disease in WBS-negative patients with rising Tg levels, leading to limitations in therapeutic intervention. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of nuclear imaging modalities in detecting disease recurrence in patients with the TENIS syndrome and to provide insights to guide therapeutic approaches in this complex clinical scenario. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to March 2024 was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies were selected, and quality assessment was performed with the QUADAS-2 tool. For each study, relevant data were extracted and synthesised. A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of [18F]FDG PET/CT was performed, and patient-based pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated using a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. Results: Of the 538 studies initially identified, 22 were included in the systematic review, of which 18 were eligible for meta-analysis. The eligible studies, mainly focused on [18F]FDG PET/CT, showed variable sensitivity and specificity for the detection of RAI-refractory thyroid cancer lesions. For [18F]FDG PET/CT, pooled estimates displayed a sensitivity of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82–0.90) and a specificity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61–0.86), with moderate heterogeneity between studies. Conclusions: [18F]FDG PET/CT remains central in the detection of disease recurrence in patients with the TENIS syndrome. The emergence of novel radiopharmaceuticals with specific molecular targets is a promising way to overcome the limitations of [18F]FDG in these patients and to open new theranostics perspectives. This review highlights the great potential of nuclear medicine in guiding therapeutic strategies for RAI-refractory thyroid cancer.
Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa (BN): A Review and Insight into Potential Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Chmiel James , Stępień-Słodkowska Marta
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a disorder primarily affecting adolescent females, characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors aimed at preventing weight gain, including self-induced vomiting and the misuse of diuretics, laxatives, and insulin. The precise etiology of BN remains unknown, with factors such as genetics, biological influences, emotional disturbances, societal pressures, and other challenges contributing to its prevalence. First-line treatment typically includes pharmacotherapy, which has shown moderate effectiveness. Neuroimaging evidence suggests that altered brain activity may contribute to the development of BN, making interventions that directly target the brain extremely valuable. One such intervention is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive stimulation technique that has been garnering interest in the medical community for many years. Methods: This review explores the use of rTMS in the treatment of BN. Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, ResearchGate, and Cochrane databases. Results: Twelve relevant studies were identified. Analysis of the results from these studies reveals promising findings, particularly regarding key parameters in the pathophysiology of BN. Several studies assessed the impact of rTMS on binge episodes. While some studies did not find significant reductions, most reported decreases in binge eating and purging behaviors, with some cases showing complete remission. Reductions in symptoms of depression and food cravings were also demonstrated. However, results regarding cognitive improvement were mixed. The discussion focused heavily on potential mechanisms of action, including neuromodulation of brain networks, induction of neuroplasticity, impact on serotonergic dysfunction, anti-inflammatory action, and HPA axis modulation. rTMS was found to be a safe intervention with no serious side effects. Conclusions: rTMS in the treatment of BN appears to be a promising intervention that alleviates some symptoms characteristic of the pathophysiology of this disorder. An additional effect is a significant reduction in depressive symptoms. However, despite these findings, further research is required to confirm its effectiveness and elucidate the mechanisms of action. It is also recommended to further investigate the potential mechanisms of action described in this review.
The Effectiveness and Validity of Inspiratory Muscle Training in the Training Process of Disabled Swimmers
Authors: Okrzymowska Paulina , Seidel Wojciech , Rozek-Piechura Krystyna
Published: September 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of medium-intensity inspiratory muscle training added to standard swimming training on inspiratory muscle strength and aerobic endurance levels and training status in disabled swimming athletes. Methods: This study involved 16 disabled athletes: group I—athletes performing swimming training with 8 weeks inspiratory muscle training—IMT (50% of the maximum inspiratory pressure); group II—athletes performing standard swimming training with 8 weeks inspiratory muscle training (15% MIP). The following tests were performed three times: MIP, MEP, Borg RPE scale and swimming test: T-30 test; 8 × 100 progressive test. Results: There was a significant increase in the MIP and MEP in group I after IMT. There was a significant increase in the distance swam during the T-30 only in group I after IMT. Significant differences were found between the first and third measurements in group I, and the effect was maintained at follow-up. There was also a significant reduction in La concentration in group I after IMT. There was a significant reduction in heart rate at 88% and 93% of the maximum speed in group I after the applied training. Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training with 50% of the maximum inspiratory pressure load significantly increased the respiratory muscle strength of disabled swimmers. The application of higher-intensity IMT effectively improved the training level and physiological parameters of the swimmers’ effort, indicating the need to include this type of training in the standard preparation of disabled swimmers.