bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of Self-Compacting Mortar Containing Slag with Different Finenesses
Authors: Kenai Said , Hammat Siham , Menadi Belkacem , Khatib Jamal , Kadri El-Hadj
Published: May 2021

It is well established that Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) contains large amounts of fines including mineral admixtures, such as fly ash and slag, in order to avoid segregation and to increase cohesion. The use of these materials in concrete reduces CO2 emissions and contributes towards sustainable construction. To overcome the negative effect of slag on the strength development slag was ground to three finenesses. Therefore, this paper examines the rheological, compressive strength, total and autogenous shrinkage and capillary water absorption of Self-Compacting Mortars (SCM) containing ground granulated blast furnace Slag (S). A total of seven mortar mixes were prepared. The control mix had a proportion of 1 (cement): 1.8 (sand): 0.38 (water). In the other mixes, the cement was partially replaced with 15% and 30% slag of different fineness of 350, 420, and 500 m2/kg. The other constituents remained unchanged. Testing included slump flow, V-funnel flow time, yield stress and viscosity, compressive strength, total and autogenous shrinkage, and capillary water absorption. The presence of slag was found to reduce the plastic viscosity and yield stress of SCM mixtures as the content and the fineness increase. The higher the fineness (specific surface) of the slag the less the rheological parameters (i.e. slump flow and viscosity). The results show also a reduction in compressive strength of SCM at early ages of curing in the presence of slag. However, in the long-term, the compressive strength of SCM mixtures containing slag was higher than that of control mortar. Generally, there is reduction in the total shrinkage and an increase in the autogenous shrinkage of SCM mixtures as the content and fineness increase. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091694 Full Text: PDF
Willingness to Pay for Improvement in Service Quality of Intermediate Public Transport (IPT) Modes
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Sinha Sanjeev
Published: May 2021

The Rapid increase in urban population has put extraordinary pressure on transport infrastructure. Public transport frameworks in small and medium-sized cities in developing countries include of IPT modes. However, these midsized cities in developing countries face congestion problems and have severe environmental pollution. The paper focuses on the assessment of willingness to pay for improvement in service quality of IPT mode of transportation in urban India. A Stated Choice (SC) survey instrument was designed and data was collected from IPT users to collect respondent’s socio-economic characteristics and their attributes for the stated hypothetical scenarios. Respondents were approached randomly and face-to-face interviews were carried out. The present study aimed at finding the willingness to pay for different attributes of an IPT mode to assess the relative importance of these attributes. The multinomial logit model was developed using the econometric software NLOGIT 4.0. The results obtained from the analysis suggest that the commuters in the city perceive safety as the most important attribute of an IPT mode followed by comfort and waiting time. The findings of the study shall be useful for policy makers and operators in urban planning and improvement of the transportation systems of mid-sized cities of developing countries and any new mode incorporating high comfort and safety shall be preferred. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091696 Full Text: PDF
Statistical Significance Assessment of Streamflow Elasticity of Major Rivers
Authors: Shah Liaqat Ali , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Zahoor , Rauf Ateeq Ur , Rahman Saif Ur , Iqbal Muhammad Junaid , Ahmad Izaz , Abbas Asim
Published: May 2021

Impacts of climate change on streamflow have long been an issue of concern for water experts. The main aim of this study is to assess the response of streamflow to precipitation and air temperature. In this study elasticity model was used to compute the precipitation and air temperature elasticity of 6 major rivers in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province, Pakistan. In contrast to temperature elasticity estimator, box plots of precipitation elasticity estimator have low range and standard deviation leading to greater central affinity which produces valid, appropriate, and statistically significant elasticity results. Precipitation is positively correlated with streamflow while the air temperature is both positively and negatively linked with streamflow. 10% variation in precipitation and air temperature produces 12 to 20% and 8 to 18% change in streamflow, respectively. The sensitivity of streamflow to air temperature is higher as compared to precipitation. This research work shows that precipitation elasticity results are statistically valid and realistic as compared to temperature elasticity results. Moreover, it is suggested to support elasticity results by statistical correlation to avoid misleading and unrealistic results. Results of the current study can be used in formulating long term policies regarding streamflow sensitivity in the study region. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091698 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Sediment Feeding on Live-Bed Scour around Circular Bridge Piers
Authors: Gumgum Firat , Guney Mehmet Sukru
Published: May 2021

The effect of sediment feeding was investigated in the case of live-bed scour around circular bridge piers under flood waves to provide contributions for future experimental procedures. Circular piers of three different diameters were tested in a long rectangular flume containing uniform sediment layer 25 cm thick, by generating 7 different triangular hydrographs with different durations ranging between 6 and 20 minutes and the peak discharges varying from 18 to 38 L/s. Experiments were first conducted without sediment feeding and total load was collected at predetermined time intervals. Then the same experiments were performed by feeding with the same amount of collected sediment. Time dependent scour depths were measured using UVP. Bed degradation was also determined by using an empirical equation existing in the literature. It was found that feeding with the rates equal to the transported ones did not significantly change the scour depth and total sediment load within the limits of the experiments. No significant bed degradation was observed, except at the upstream end. It was revealed that the sediment feeding may not be required in the experiments where temporal evolution of the scour depth is studied in a sufficiently long flume containing sufficient sediment. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091699 Full Text: PDF
Experimental Studies and Analysis on Mobilization of the Cohesionless Sediments Through Alluvial Channel: A Review
Authors: Anand Akash , Beg Mubeen , Kumar Neeraj
Published: May 2021

Entrainment of river bed particles by turbulent flow is a core matter of study in river hydrodynamics. It is of great interest to river engineers to evaluate the shear stress for initiating river bed motion. The main objective is to calculate transport rates for bed load, to predict changes in bed level which are scoured or aggraded and to design a stable channel. Forces acting upon the particle especially fluid forces which give a major role in the incipient motion of the particle on the rough boundary. For calculation generally use shield’s diagram but some other modified methods and approaches are discussed. Modeling criteria are discussed for the hydraulically smooth and rough boundary depending on Reynolds number. In the past, experimental studies on tractive shear stress have been done by many researchers but consideration of lift force to analyze the movement of sediment is very limited. For suspended load transport, a detailed analysis of lift force is required. Based on the study it has been observed that shear stress depends on channel slope not only due to gravitational force but also many other factors like drag force, lift force, friction angle, fluctuations, velocity profile, etc. Complete analysis of these factors provides slope dependency over shear stress. To improve past studies, some factors have been discussed, to give a more correct force balance equation. This is very difficult task to analyze more and more variable’s dependency on the slope. Consideration of the possible number of variable holds complete analysis of experimental study. This paper also reviews the effect of particle Reynolds number and relative submergence over critical shield stress. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091700 Full Text: PDF
Çatalca Bölgesi Savunma Yapıları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: EFEOĞLU Melik , EYÜPGİLLER Kemal Kutgün
Published: May 2021

Önce kendini, sonra sahip olduğu değerleri dışarıdan gelebilecek tehditlere-tehlikelere karşı korumak isteyen insanoğlu, tarih boyunca farklı savunma yöntemleri araştırmış ve geliştirmiştir. Tarihsel süreç içinde bir gerekliliğe dönüşen bu arayış, farklı savunma pratiklerinin ve savunma yapılarının ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Geçmiş medeniyetlerin mimarlık miraslarından olan savunma yapıları toplumların savunma tarihleri ve teknolojileri hakkındaki bilgilere ulaşılmasına olanak sağlar; sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yapıları hakkında yorum yapılmasına da katkı sunar. İlkel dönemlerden başlayarak doğanın çeşitli etkilerinden, yırtıcı hayvanlardan ya da saldırgan gruplardan korunmak amacıyla inşa edilen savunma yapıları, toplumların gelişmişlik düzeyine ve bulunduğu bölgenin coğrafi özelliklerine bağlı olarak farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınan ve Çatalca Bölgesi’nde bulunan savunma yapıları üç farklı dönemin ürünü olduğu gibi, savunma yapılarının tarihsel süreç içinde geçirdiği evrimi yansıtan ender örneklerdendir. Çatalca Bölgesi’nin jeopolitik açıdan önemini ortaya çıkaran bu yapılar Karadeniz’den Marmara Denizi’ne, kuzey-güney yönünde uzanan savunma hatlarını oluşturmaktadır. İnşa edildikleri dönemde, İstanbul’un savunulması için aktif rol üstlenen bu savunma yapıları günümüzde çeşitli koruma sorunlarına bağlı olarak yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıyadır. Bölgedeki tarihi savunma yapılarının sayısı ve çeşidi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, Çatalca Bölgesi’nin savunma tarihimiz açısından önemi anlaşılmaktadır. Söz konusu savunma yapılarının tarihi ve mimari değerlerinin gün yüzüne çıkarılmasına ve koruma sorunlarına dikkat çekilerek konuyla ilgili farkındalığın arttırılmasına katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.
Nuruosmaniye Camisi Taçkapıları
Authors: İNCE Kasım , EKMEKCİ Mustafa
Published: May 2021

Nuruosmaniye Camisi, Osmanlı mimari geleneğindeki klasik çizgilerden uzaklaşmanın başladığı ancak temelde yine klasik normlara bağlı kalınarak hareket edildiğini gösteren bir geçiş dönemi örneğidir. Caminin ibadet mekânını oluşturan harimin, dört büyük askı kemeriyle taşınan tek kubbeyle örtüldüğü benzer örnekler Osmanlı mimarisinde daha önce de görülmüştür. Bunun yanında harim-avlu birleşiminin 15. yüzyıldan itibaren Osmanlı camilerinde uygulanıyor olması yerleşim prensiplerinin korunduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yönüyle, mimari geleneğin devam ettirildiği caminin, yarım oval plânlı avlusu, 18. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinden itibaren Osmanlı mimarisinde görülmeye başlayan Batı menşeli sanat akımlarının, cami plânına tesirini gösteren ilk somut örneğidir. Avlunun yarım oval formuyla Barok dönemin eliptik uygulamalarını hatırlatması, Avrupa’daki Barok üslupla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Geleneksel ve batılı uygulamaların bir arada kullanıldığı Camide benzer bir durum, taçkapılar için de söz konusudur. Plân olarak geleneksel şemayı yansıtan taçkapılarda, süslemede, tamamen Barok karakterli örnekler tercih edilmiştir. Taçkapılardaki bu değişim, yüzyılın ikinci yarısındaki örneklerin plânlarına da etki ederek, bezemeci anlayışın daha ağır bastığı yeni tasarımlara yerini bırakacaktır.
Penyusunan Peraturan Desa Tentang Bale Mediasi Melalui Penyuluhan dan Monitoring Pada Desa Rumak, Kecamatan Kediri, Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Philona Rinda , Suradana I Made , Listyaningrum Novita
Published: May 2021

This extension and monitoring activity aims to provide knowledge and understanding to the people of Rumak Village about how the basic mechanisms and knowledge in drafting a village regulation, in this case Bale Mediation, is an institution that carries out mediation, guidance and coordination functions in the implementation of mediation in the community in accordance with local wisdom. This counseling also simultaneously monitors conditions or problems that occur in the Rumak Village community which can be resolved through mediation or non-litigation. This outreach activity was held thanks to the cooperation of various parties, namely: Rumak Village Officials consisting of the government of Village, the Secretary of the Hamlet and Bhabinkamtibmas, the NTB Province Bale Mediation Institute and Law Faculty Lecturers from various existing universities. Extension activities are carried out using the lecture and discussion method. All extension participants followed the series of events well to the end and were very enthusiastic by providing various kinds of questions that often occur. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of this counseling went well and was successful where the material presented could be well absorbed by the Rumak Village officials and they would implement everything to be applied to the Rumak Village community.
Sosialisasi dalam Mengoptimalkan Roda Bisnis pada Masa Pandemi
Authors: Gumartifa Asti , Nurrahmi Maftuhah , Alfaresi Bengawan
Published: May 2021

Indonesia has had a lot of changes that have occurred in society. Especially during the current Covid -19 Pandemic. All activities from the process of school, buying, and selling among the community are often carried out online or work from home. The economic income of the family, community, and government has also decreased. The existence of Internet facilities can greatly assist all people in carrying out economic activities to be able to survive during the pandemic. Even these activities are carried out online or still carried out at home. By utilizing social media that is facilitated by the internet, people can continue to carry out buying and selling activities to maintain economic income through online. Here are social media that can be used, namely; Instagram, Facebook, Whats up, and e-mail. Thus, from the use of social media, it can still help the business income even in the pandemic of Covid -19.
Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Melalui Diversifikasi Dan Intensifikasi Tanaman Hortikultura Di Lahan Kering Desa Gumantar Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Jayaputra Jayaputra , Nurrachman Nurrachman , Santoso Bambang Budi
Published: May 2021

Planting diversification with horticultural crops in the dry land area of North Lombok Regency is an effort to increase the planting index (IP) which is supported by appropriate cultivation technology and sufficient water availability to support plant growth. It was hoped that the increase in the cropping index in dry land areas will trigger an increase in community welfare, particularly an increase in farmers' income. Horticultural development is intended to provide added value to increasing farmers' income. Gumantar Village, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency is one of the areas that has dry land which is quite potential for horticultural development. The problems faced by farmers in these areas include the low level of knowledge and skills of farmers, especially in the management of horticultural commodities. So far, farming activities were still traditional and the level of farmer participation was still relatively low. To overcome these problems, it was necessary to transfer innovation technology through the development of environmentally friendly horticultural crops with the application of Good Agricultural Practices and production management in accordance with natural resource conditions. Counseling and training as well as demonstration plots using the Participatory Action Research method related to horticultural cultivation technology have been carried out in Amor-Amor hamlet, Gumantar village in July-December 2019. This community service activity is considered quite successful as seen from the enthusiasm and persistence of the participants in attended counseling, training, and demonstration plots (cultivation of tomatoes and golden melons). The results of the demonstration plot showed a significant increase both in the aspect of crop productivity and increased income per unit area of arable land. Continuous assistance from all parties, especially the local government was highly expected for the sustainability of horticultural commodity development efforts in order to increase the income of dry land farmers
Penerapan Model Project Based Learning guna Meningkatkan Keterampilan Representasi Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas IV
Authors: Hanifah Nur , Koeswanti Henny Dewi , Sadono Tri
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil observasi, wawancara dan tes pratindakan yang menunjukkan rendahnya keterampilan representasi pada kondisi awal dengan persentase sebesar 11.5% secara klasikal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan representasi peserta didik dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 26 peserta didik kelas IV SDN Kauman Kidul Salatiga Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Jenis Penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom action research) dengan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Penelitian tindakan ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Prosedur yang digunakan meliputi empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi serta analisis data dengan model analisis interaktif Miles Huberman yang berisikan empat langkah yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, verifikasi dan penyajian data. Kondisi awal keterampilan representasi di kelas IV menunjukkan hasil persentase sebesar 11.5% secara klasikal. Siklus pertama diawali dengan pembelajaran pertama setelah diterapkannya model project based learning yang menghasilkan presentase terampil sebesar 39,1% secara klasikal pembelajaran kedua 68.2% secara klasikal. Penelitian dilanjutkan dengan siklus ke dua yang telah mengalami peningkatan dengan hasil keterampilan representasi sebesar 86.36 % dan pembelajaran ke dua sebesar 90%. Tindakan yang telah dilakukan dalam setiap siklus mengalami peningkatan persentase pencapaian keterampilan representasi. Dengan demikian penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning dapat meningkatkan keterampilan representasi. Model pembelajaran Project Based Learning cocok digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika pada materi bangun datar khususnya untuk meningkatkan keterampilan representasi.
THE EFFECT OF STORYTELLING METHOD ASSISTED WITH PICTURE MEDIA TOWARDS SPEAKING SKILL OF 4TH GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Mardiyanti Maulida Rizka , Ermiana Ida , Setiawan Heri
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the pictorial media-assisted storytelling method on the speaking skills of fourth-grade students of SDN 2 Bagik Payung Timur. The results of this study are expected to be useful theoretically and practically. This type of research was an experimental study with repeated treatment research design. The subjects in this study were fourth-grade students of SDN 2 Bagik Payung Timur. The data collection methods were observation and speaking skills tests. The speaking skill test was used to obtain data related to students' speaking skills, while observation was used to obtain data on the feasibility of learning carried out by the teacher. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA repeated measure formula to determine whether there was an effect of the pictorial media-assisted storytelling method on students' speaking skills. Based on the results of the ANOVA repeated measure test, a significance value of 0.000 was obtained, which is smaller than 0.05. This shows that Ho is declared rejected Ha declared accepted. So it can be concluded that the image media-assisted storytelling method affects the speaking skills of fourth-grade students of Bagik Payung Timur for the academic year 2020/2021.
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF ONLINE LEARNING DURING PANDEMIC AT SDN 1 TANAH TINGGI
Authors: Magdalena Ina , Wahyuni Ayu , Hartana Davina Dewi
Published: May 2021

Effective learning can be defined as learning that succeeds in achieving the learning objectives of students as expected by the teacher. But the Covid-19 epidemic has disrupted the conventional learning process. So a solution is needed to answer these problems. Online learning is an alternative that can solve this problem so this research aim is to describe the effective management of online learning during a pandemic at SD Negeri 01 Tanah Tinggi. This research is descriptive – qualitative research and data collection techniques in this study are participant observation and in-depth interviews. In order to achieve effective learning during pandemics, teachers are required to make good and interesting learning designs. Five indicators of effective learning, namely (1) management of the implementation of learning, (2) communicative processes, (3) student responses, (4) learning activities, and (5) learning outcomes. Students can understand and master IT, and students and teachers can communicate well through Blended Learning.
DEMOCRATIC EDUCATION IN “MERDEKA BELAJAR” ERA
Authors: Maksum Khanif
Published: May 2021

Educational Democracy is a view of life that prioritizes equal rights and obligations as well as an equal treatment between educators and students in the learning process. Democracy in education contains elements of independence, freedom, and responsibility. An independent attitude to develop self-confidence and to be aware of one's limitations is very important to foster awareness that life in the community requires collaboration with other individuals. Freedom is defined as a life purpose that rests on the awareness of social pluralism, not solely on the interests of individuals or groups. Therefore freedom itself must be accompanied by a sense of full responsibility. The word "Educational Democracy" is two terms which are interrelated, democratic values ​​can be understood and owned by the community through educational activities, and vice versa so that education can produce output that has an independent attitude, has a critical thinking power, dynamic, democratic character and always upholds human dignity, then the implementation of education must be based on democracy so that the concept of independence in learning will grow well.
APPLICATION OF THE MAKE A MATCH MODEL ASSISTED WITH ESAPI MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Sari Nita Yunda , Oktavianti Ika , Setiawan Deka
Published: May 2021

This research aims to describe the application of the model a make a match assisted by ESAPI media to improve student learning outcomes in grade IV SDN Wonoketingal 02. Classroom action research was conducted in class IV SDN Wonoketingal 02 with a research subject of 20 students. This study uses design classroom action research from Kemmis and MC. Taggart and last for 2 cycles. The independent variable of this study is the make a match model and ESAPI media, while the dependent variable in this study is student learning outcomes. Data collection methods used are qualitative and quantitative data. The result showed an increase in mastery learning outcomes aspects of knowledge in the first cycle of 73.3% and an increase in the second cycle of 77.2% in good qualifications. The completeness of both cycles is 3.9% with a good category. This proves that the application of the make a match model assisted by ESAPI media can improve student learning outcomes in grade IV SDN Wonoketingal 02.
THE IMPACT OF ONLINE LEARNING ON THE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Alfarimba Rizka , Ardianti Sekar Dwi , Khamdun Khamdun
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe the learning motivation of grade 5 students in Gondosari village as a result of the implementation of online learning during the covid-19 pandemic. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The objects of this study are 6 students of grade with the categorization of rank, their parents' educational background, and their parent’s occupation and 1 classroom teacher who teach online in grade 5 of SD 7 Gondosari village. With observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation as tools for data collection. The validity test of this study used triangulation of online learning has an impact on students learning motivation with indicators of learning motivation, namely perseverance in facing tasks, resilience in facing difficulties, interest in various problems, working independently, and factors from the learning environment. This indicator can measure the extent to which the learning motivation of grade 5 students of SD 7 Gondosari.
LEARNING STRATEGY IN WRITE BEGINNING IN CHILDREN WITH DISLEXIA
Authors: Mustofa Arif , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: May 2021

This research is a qualitative study of Whole Word case studies and VAKT (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, and, Tactile) strategies for children with special needs to develop functional skills in reading and writing beginning. The subjects in this study were selected using the procedure for determining the subject in qualitative research proposed by Sarantakos in Poerwandari (2005), namely: 1) Directed not at a large number of participants but at typical cases according to the specificity of the research problem, 2) Directed at context fits and is not used for representativeness in the sense of random numbers or events. From the explanation above, the researcher then determined the research subjects/participants as follows: 1) The subject was a child aged 8 years who was at the elementary level of elementary education, and 2) the subject was a child with special needs who experienced obstacles in developing writing and reading skills. Data collection methods were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation of field notes during data mining. Data analysis was performed by comparing the subject's initial condition before being stimulated with the subject's initial condition after stimulation was carried out. The results of data analysis indicate that the application of the whole word approach and the VAKT strategy can be used to help develop reading and writing skills for children with special needs.
Suitable Site Selection for Urban Solid Waste Disposal and Location Allocation Of Waste Collection Bin By Using Geographic Information Systems, In Case Of Nekemte Town
Authors: Wayessa Shiferaw Garoma , Duresa Jiregna Nugusa , Beyene Ayana Abera , Regasa Motuma Shiferaw
Published: May 2021

The problem of environmental pollution and health hazards due to inappropriate solid waste disposal is critical in developing countries like Ethiopia, Nekemte town is one of the town in Ethiopia facing from environmental pollution due to lack of appropriate dumping site which leads pollution of surface and ground water and environment in and around dumping area. Therefore, the main objective of this study is selection of suitable site for disposal of solid waste using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. Selection of the most suitable landfill site was determined through the integration of geographic information system (GIS) tools, multi criteria decision analysis and remote sensing techniques. To select suitable landfill site several parameters were considered such as slope, built up area, , road, surface water, land use/land cover, geology and soil. After analysis of suitability of solid waste disposal site using GIS tools and weighted analysis methods selected 36 areas for medium solid waste Bins. Suitability map was prepared by overlay analyses on GIS based Weighted Linear Combination analysis to select the suitable solid waste disposal sites and assigned as the value given 1; unsuitable, 2; less suitable, 3; moderately suitable ; 4; Suitable and 4; highly suitable were determined. Using this method selected 2 highly suitable areas for land fill and inclination area
Assessment of the Cause and Effect of Early Damage of Cobble Stone Road Construction and Its Remedial Measurements: A Case of Nekemte Town Cheleleki Sub City
Authors: Wayessa Shiferaw Garoma , Beyene Ayana Abera
Published: May 2021

Road constructing in Ethiopia is increasingly in demand to meet its medium and long term development programs. Most internal roads of Oromia city/town are cobblestone and gravel. Some portions along the alignment proposed and existing roads traversed low resistance of the subgrade that affect the stability of the upper layers of cobblestones. Structural failure is observed on cobblestone roads, and it would be constructed with good quality or low quality of materials. Nekemte Cobblestones Projects have been started in 2014 widely which were filled in most areas today as we observed that needs to be addressed and a corresponding remedial measures must be drawn. A possible counteractive actions had been ordered for every observed destroyed to achieve the standard road situation of the study zone. An evaluation was made use observation, interviews, laboratory test and field test to govern an appropriateness of cobblestones. The lie beneath soil used for bottom layers of road structure based on standard of Ethiopian Road Authority (ERA) low volume road standards. Therefore, result from the field test and laboratory test shown, causes of cobblestone road failures of Nekemte street segment were mostly because of the construction steps/sequence, quality of materials, road construction time, absence of appropriate design, quality supervisor, absences of drainage structures, lack of highly compaction, lack of accurately fill fine aggregate and suddenly high loads vehicle applied on cobblestone road.
Organizational culture as a variable of leadership moderation and employee job satisfaction towards the organizational performance of PT. WKS Jambi
Authors: Noviardi Ferzi
Published: May 2021

How is the influence of leadership style and work environment on employee job satisfaction with organizational culture as a moderating variable at the PT WKS Jambi? This research uses quantitative methods. The data analysis used the structural-partial least square equation model. Eighty-four employees from each company plantation district were used as samples. The results showed that: 1). leadership style affects the work environment; 2). leadership style has a significant effect on organizational culture; 3). the work environment does not affect organizational culture; 4). organizational culture has a strong relationship with job satisfaction; 5). Leadership style does not affect job satisfaction; 6). the work environment does not affect job satisfaction; 7). through organizational culture, leadership style has a significant effect on job satisfaction; and 8. through organizational culture, the work environment does not significantly affect job satisfaction.
Contemporary diagnosis and management of childhood asthma
Authors: Andrew Kiboneka
Published: May 2021

Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous inflammatory disorder/syndrome of the airways that affects more than 300 Million people worldwide. Asthma often starts in childhood (Allergic Asthma phenotype).Co morbidities often trigger asthma exacerbations. It’s often difficult to diagnose asthma in young children. Objective tests of lung function aid in the diagnosis of asthma in children > six years of age. Asthma has phenotypes and endotypes. Biomarkers Ex. Fractional excretion of Nitric Oxide aid in the diagnosis of severe asthma in children and adults. Management of Severe Asthma has undergone a revolution. Asthma is responsible for considerable global morbidity and health-care costs. Substantial progress was made against key outcomes such as hospital admissions with asthma and mortality in the 1990s and early 2000s, but little improvement has been observed in the past 10 years, despite escalating treatment costs.
Biochemical profile and resistance phenotype of bacteria isolated from the operating site departments of the National Reference University Hospital of N’Djamena
Authors: Bessimbaye Nadlaou  , Djimadoum Mbanga  , Issakou Bakarnga-Via  , Claude Oualé  , Nicolas Barro  , Abdelsalam Tidjani  , Choua Ouchemi
Published: May 2021

The aim is to assess the level of contamination of wound bacteria in operated patients in the surgical departments of the National Reference University Hospital (CHURN) of N’Djamena. From August 1, 2018 to August 1, 2019, an observational culture study on wound pus was carried out in patients operated on from the surgical services of the N’Djamena CHURN according to standard methods of medical microbiology. Of the 1092 patients operated on, 565 patients were released within a normal period of hospitalization and 527 in contact with the pathogens were maintained. Significant differences were observed between the proportions of positive (86%) and sterile (14%) cultures; female (30.36%) and male (69.63%) operated subjects with probabilities of 0.02 and 0.001 respectively. Escherichia coli were the most common germs (32.7%), followed by Staphylococcus spp (20.9%). The bacteria isolated were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics at an average rate of 40%, only imipenem, a last-resort antibiotic, was very sensitive (99.5%). In view of these results, we recommend that prescribers avoid prescribing antibiotics without laboratory evidence for fear of losing the beta-lactams permanently.
Effects of samin yogurt on the liver of adult wistar rats
Authors: Uloneme Godwin C  , Akukwu Darlington CA  , Ezejindu Damian N  , Amadi CC
Published: May 2021

Background: Yogurt is basically fermented milk that is heated and mixed with two types of body friendly bacteria. It is very nutritious and therefore, it is being eaten by all and sundry. Purpose: The study was designed to determine the effect of yogurt on the liver of adult Wister rats. Method: A total of twenty four adzult Wister rats bred and harboured at the animal house of Anatomy and Neurobiology department, Imo State University Owerri were used for the study. The rats which weighed between 180 and 220 grammes were separated and housed in four different cages marked A, B, C and D. Each cage contained four rats. The group A served as control group and so received only the normal rat feed and water. Group B rats were administered 2500mg/kg body weight of yogurt; group C received 5000mg/kg body weight of yogurt why group D was given 10000mg/kg body weight of yogurt, all through oral intubation for four weeks. At the end of the four week treatment, the rats were anesthetized in chloroform vapour and the liver was dissected out for histological investigations. Results: On examining the processed liver tissue, it was observed that there was a mild (for group B), moderate (for group C), and serve (for group D) lymphocyte infiltration on the liver portal tract when compared to the control group which showed very little presence of haepatocytes around a central venule. The effect observed could be described to be dose dependent.
Metode ARIMA untuk Memodelkan Volume Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada PT. SOCFINDO di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang
Authors:   Universitas Almuslim, Apriani Wiwin , Hayati Rahmi
Published: May 2021

This study aims to create a mathematical model that can be used to predict the amount of oil palm that will be produced at PT. Socfindo in Aceh Tamiang Regency in the coming period. The data used is data on the amount of oil palm that is ready to be produced every month in 2012-2015. The method used is the ARIMA method. The selection of this method is based on the data used, namely time series data. Before carrying out further testing, first, ensure that the data used meets the stationary state. From the test results, it is found that the data used fulfills the stationary state, then it is found that the MA (1) model can be used to predict the time series data. Furthermore, we obtain a model that can be used to predict the volume of oil palm production at PT. Socfindo is: Z_t = a_t-0.4096a_ (t-1) +521.57 With a_t ~ N (0; 29192.72)
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis
Authors: Yulia Putri , Riskayani Maya , Erita Selvia
Published: May 2021

This study aims to find out (1) the POGIL learning model effective on mathematical communication skills. (2) conventional learning models are effective against mathematical communication skills. (3) the difference between the POGIL learning model and the conventional model of mathematical communication skills. This research is quasi-experimental research with the research design of The Nonequivalent Posttest Only Control Group Design. The population in this study is all students of grade VII MTS Negeri 02 Kerinci. This study's sample consisted of an experimental class and a control class selected by a random sampling cluster. The research instrument is a test f mathematical communication ability, and the data is analyzed using one-sample t-test statistics and independent t-test samples. This study shows that (1) the POGIL learning model is effective on mathematical communication skills. (2) conventional learning models are ineffective against mathematical communication skills. (3) there is a difference between the POGIL learning model and the conventional model of mathematical communication skills.
Trade-Off Theory and Pecking Order Theory: Evidence from Real Estate Companies in Vietnam
Authors:   National Economics University (Vietnam), Le Hoang Duc , Viet Nguyen Quang ,   National Economics University (Vietnam), Anh Nguyen Huaong ,   Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology (Vietnam)
Published: May 2021

This study was implemented with the goal of testing the validity of trade-off theory and pecking order theory in determining the capital structure in 50 listed real estate companies in Vietnam. The result of this study shows that the pecking order theory is the more approriate and should be applied for the listed real estate companies in Vietnam, and be the informative document for those firms to take into account the relevant theory to adjust their own capital structure, so that they can raise their own competitiveness and continue the development of the business
What Drives the Growth of Competitive Advantage? A Study of One of the Largest E-commerce in Indonesia
Authors:   Trilogi University, Indonesia, Mustaqiem Yogie Abrar , Bastaman Aam , Boss Noverdi
Published: May 2021

Marketing is one of the main activities by entrepreneurs to maintain the viability of their business to grow and earn a profit. In addition, marketing knowledge is also very useful so that companies can compete and survive in the competition. This study aims to examine the effect of Value Creation and Excellent Service on Competitive Advantage, where Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty are the mediating variables. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The population in this study were Bukalapak e-commerce users who live in the Jakarta and surrounding areas, and used a sample of 220 respondents. The method of analysis in this study uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that Value Creation has an effect on Brand Equity, Value Creation has an effect on Brand Loyalty, Excellent Service has an effect on Brand Equity, Excellent Service has an effect on Brand Loyalty, Brand Equity has an effect on Competitive Advantage, Brand Loyalty effects on Competitive Advantage, Value Creation. has no effect on Competitive Advantage, Excellent Service affects Competitive Advantage, Value Creation affects Competitive Advantage mediated by Brand Equity, Value Creation has no effect on Competitive Advantage mediated by Brand Loyalty, Excellent Service has an effect on Competitive Advantage mediated by Brand Equity, Excellent Service has an effect on Competitive Advantage Mediated Brand Loyalty.
The Effect of an Anxiety-Coping Program for Children Based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on 4th Graders’ Anxiety Levels
Authors:   Gaziantep University, Turkey, Kul Aykut , Hamamcı Zeynep
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an anxiety-coping program for children based on cognitive behavioral therapy on children’s anxiety levels. The study was conducted with 12 students in the fourth grade of primary school. Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) was during the study for data collection. Students in the experimental group participated in a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based anxiety coping program consisting of eight sessions. No study was conducted with the students in the control group. A mixed design of 2x3 was used in the study. Follow-up measurement was performed six months after the study was completed. In the analysis of the data, Mann Whitney U test and Friedman test were used. As a result of the analysis, a significant decrease was observed in the general anxiety, general anxiety disorder, separation anxiety and social anxiety levels of the participants in the experiment group after the intervention which continued during the follow-up period. Furthermore there was no statistically significant decrease in panic disorder/somatic symptoms and school phobia levels of the participants in the experimental group. The findings indicated that the anxiety-coping program for children based on cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in terms of decreasing the anxiety levels of children.
Examining the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes of Associate-Degree Vocational School Students in a CAS-Supported Environment: Limit-Continuous Sample
Authors:   Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Turkey, Akbaş Elif Ertem
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to learn the learning outcomes of associate-degree students attending a Vocational School (VS) in a CAS-supported learning environment within the scope of the limit-continuity subject. The study was conducted using the action research method, and the worksheets prepared by Ertem Akbaş (2016) were used. While evaluating and interpreting the VS students’ learning outcomes, the SOLO taxonomy was preferred. The study group included 32 VS associate-degree students in Turkey. Within the framework of the research problem, detailed information was provided about what level of the SOLO taxonomy the students’ learning outcomes corresponded to. The learning outcomes of the VS students were found to be below the relational structure level according to SOLO taxonomy in the environment where the CAS software was used. Thanks to the CAS software, the quality of the pre-structure level and uni-structure level learning outcomes of VS students increased to and over the multi-structure level.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Preschool Teachers’ Individual and Administrative Creativity and Job Satisfaction
Authors:   Maltepe University (Turkey), Güven, Yıldız , Akay Dicle ,   Bahcesehir University (Turkey), Öcal Sümeyye ,   Istanbul Gelisim University (Turkey)
Published: May 2021

The creativity skills of individuals have started to gain importance in adapting to today's changing conditions. In this context, teachers need to transfer their individual creativity to the organizational environment. In order to do this, they need to provide personal pleasure and satisfaction from their work. The main aim of this study is to examine the relationship between preschool teachers' individual and administrative creativity and job satisfaction. The study, which is designed as relational survey model, was carried out with 173 preschool teachers. The data obtained from Personal Information Form, Organizational Creativity Scale and Job Satisfaction Scale. As a result of the research, the organizational creativity scores of preschool teachers in the dimension of individual creativity showed a significant difference according to the type of institution, and no difference was found according to the status of wanting to do a different profession, the number of students in the class, professional seniority and weekly working hours. There was a difference in the administrative creativity of teachers according to the type of institution, their willingness to do a different profession and the number of students in the classroom, while professional seniority and weekly working hours make no difference. There was a difference among teachers' job satisfaction scores according to the type of institution, their willingness to do a different profession, and the number of children in the classroom, but not according to professional seniority and weekly working hours. According to the result of the research it can be claimed that as the organizational creativity scores of preschool teachers in individual and administrative dimensions increased, their job satisfaction increased too. It was suggested that conditions improving organizational creativity and job satisfactions of preschool teachers should be given place in schools.
Difficulties Apprenticeship Trainers in Secondary Vocational Education Deal within their Educational Work: A Greek Case Study
Authors:   Hellenic Open University, Greece, Karampini Efstathia , Anagnou Evaggelos , Fragkoulis Iosif
Published: May 2021

The institution of the Post-Secondary Year - Apprenticeship Class was introduced in Greece in 2013 and after its pilot phase, its application in Vocational High Schools (EPAL) throughout the country was expanded in 2017. After the completion of four years of presence and implementation of the institution, with significant benefits for the apprentices, some factors emerge that make the participation and operation of the trainers involved in the Apprenticeship difficult. The aim of this study is to record, investigate and interpret a) the difficulties trainers encountered in their educational work and b) the necessary supplies they utilized to deal effectively with these difficulties. The sample was fifteen (15) trainers of EPAL who participated in the implementation of the Apprenticeship. The qualitative method was selected for the research, with semi-structured interviews as a tool for data collection and thematic analysis for their analysis. According to the findings of the research, trainers face difficulties in their educational work, mainly in the extensive course material, the low level of knowledge and the indifference of apprentices. The main means they use in the classroom to manage and deal with these difficulties are the very good knowledge of their specialized subject, the extensive educational experience, the application of the principles and practices of Adult Education and their skills. The present study aims to contribute, through the utilization of the research conclusions, to the feedback of education executives and trainers for the functional improvement and enhance the effectiveness of the institution.