bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How South Africa Used National Cycle Threshold (Ct) Values To Continuously Monitor SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory Test Quality
Authors: Scott Lesley Erica , Hsiao Nei-yaun , Dor Graeme , Hans Lucia , Marokane Puleng , Da Silva Pedro , Preiser Wolfgang , Vreede Heleen , Tsoka Jonathan , Mlisana Koleka , Stevens Wendy Susan
Published: June 2023

The high demand for SARS-CoV-2 tests but limited supply to South African laboratories early in the COVID19 pandemic, resulted in a heterogenous diagnostic footprint of open and closed molecular testing platforms. Novel approaches were required to monitor test quality especially during the introduction of newly circulating variants. The National Health Laboratory Service centrally collected cycle threshold (Ct) values from 1,497,669 test results reported from six commonly used PCR assays in 36 months, and visually monitored changes in their median Ct within a 28-day centered moving average for each assays’ gene targets. This continuous quality monitoring rapidly identified delayed hybridization of RdRp in the Allplex™ SARS-CoV-2 assay due to the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant; S-gene target failure in the TaqPath™ COVID-19 assay due to B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and the B.1.1.529 (Omicron); and recently E-gene delayed hybridization in the Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 due to XBB.1.5. This near “real-time” monitoring helped inform the need for sequencing and the importance of multiplex molecular nucleic acid amplification technology designs used in diagnostics for patient care. This continuous quality monitoring approach at the granularity of Ct values should be included in ongoing surveillance and with application to other disease use cases that rely on molecular diagnostics.
Comparative Study of Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Nb4C3Tx and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx Nanosheets
Authors: Fu Ming , Chen Hongyu , Cheng Juan , Chu Longsheng , Feng Qingguo , Hu Chunfeng
Published: June 2023

Two-dimensional MXene synthesized from MAX phase ceramic has the good electrical conductivity, promising to be used as electrodes. In this study, Nb4C3Tx MXene and low-entropy (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx MXene were prepared by etching Nb4AlC3 and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4AlC3 ceramics in the HF acid at 60 oC. By investigating the electrochemical properties of lithium batteries, it was found that the Nb4C3Tx and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx could provide the specific capacities of 163.7 mAh·g-1 and 130 mAh·g-1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A·g-1, respectively, and maintain the coulombic efficiency close to 100%, good for the utilization of electrodes in the lithium batteries.
Heterocyclic Iminoquinones and Quinones from National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) COMPARE Analysis
Authors: Haji Naemah , Aldabbagh Fawaz , Faizi Masoma , Koutentis Panayiotis A. , Carty Michael P.
Published: June 2023

This review uses the National Cancer Institute (NCI) COMPARE program to establish an extensive list of heterocyclic iminoquinones and quinones with similarities in differential growth inhibition across the 60-cell line panel of the NCI Developmental Therapeutic Program (DTP). Many natural products and synthetic analogues are revealed, as potential NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrates through correlations to dipyridoimidazo[5,4-f]benzimidazoleiminoquinone (DPIQ), and as potential thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitors, through correlations to benzo[1,2,4]triazin-7-ones and pleurotin. The strong correlation to NQO1 infers the enzyme has a major influence on the amount of active compound with benzo[e]perimidines, phenoxazinones, benz[f]pyrido[1,2-a]indole-6,11-quinones, seriniquinones, kalasinamide, indolequinones, and furano[2,3-b]naphthoquinones, hypothesized as prodrugs. Compounds with very strong correlations to known TrxR inhibitors had inverse correlations to the expression of both reductase enzymes, NQO1 and TrxR, including naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]oxazepane-6,11-diones, benzo[a]carbazole-1,4-diones, pyranonaphthoquinones (including kalafungin, nanomycin A, and analogues of griseusin A), and discorhabdin C. Quinoline-5,8-dione scaffolds based on streptonigrin and lavendamycin can correlate to either reductase. Inhibitors of TrxR are not necessarily (imino)quinones, e.g., parthenolides, while oxidizing moieties are essential for correlations to NQO1, as with the mitosenes. Herein, an overview of synthetic methods and biological activity of each family of heterocyclic imino(quinone) is provided.
Engineering Heterogeneous Nucleation During Solidification of Multiphase Cast Alloys: An Overview
Authors: Lekakh Simon N. , Qing Jingjing
Published: June 2023

The theory of heterogeneous nucleation was initially developed as a part of condensed matter physics and later it was used as an important engineering tool to design metallurgical processes. The success leads to wide applications of the theory in metallurgical practice. For example, engineering heterogeneous nucleation in ductile iron has been used to reduce shrinkage defects, suppress cementite formation, and modify size and shape of micro-structural constituencies. This demonstrates how theoretical knowledge could benefit industry practice. This overview aims to summarize the authors’ published studies in co-authorship with colleagues and students, which covered different aspects of engineering heterogeneous nucleation in multiphase cast alloys. Several approaches for engineering heterogeneous nucleation using thermodynamic simulation and practical methods for improving efficiency of nucleation using co-precipitation technique and a local transient melt supersaturation were suggested. Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy-Dispersive-X-ray (SEM/EDX) analysis and a high-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to verify simulation predictions. Practical examples of controlling micro-porosity shrinkage in cast irons with spheroidal graphite are presented to illustrate the power of engineering heterogenous nucleation. The authors appreciate the great efforts that the co-authors have made on the original, overviewed articles here.
Anaerobic Exercise Significantly Increased Glut4 Gene Expres-Sion in Muscle Tissue of Diabetic Rats
Authors: Hepsert Sezgin , Dalkilic Semih , Dalkilic Lutfiye Kadioglu , Ugurlu Fatih Mehmet , Atessahin Dilek Arslan , Pala Ragip , Kilic Yakup
Published: June 2023

Diabetes is a chronic condition that worsens living conditions and causes significant problems, particularly in the vascular system. Many different treatment options are used to prevent these negative effects of diabetes. The most important of these is changing living conditions and exercising regularly.This study aimed todetermining the impacts of a 6-week anaerobic exercise protocol on the blood glucose levels and Glut4 gene expression in the muscle tissues of streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A total of 45 rats were separate control, sedentary, and exercise groups (n=15 each). The STZ used to induce diabetes in rats was applied once with a single intraperitoneal injection. No diabetes was created in the control group, and no exercise was performed, whereas in the sedentary group, diabetes was induced, and no exercise was applied. It was determined that the Glut4 gene expression in the muscle tissue of the exercise group was importantly increased when compared with the sedentary diabetes group.Glut4 gene is an important gene involved in blood glucose regulation and anaerobic exercise significantly increased the expression level of this gene in our study.
Microbial Reprogramming: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Authors: Bendriss Ghizlane , MacDonald Ross , McVeigh Clare
Published: June 2023

This review examines the evidence supporting the role of dysbiosis in the development of obses-sive-compulsive disorders (OCD). We review the molecular mechanisms and role of the microbiota in the microbiota-gut-brain axis, focusing on the endocrine, nervous, and immune pathways. We then propose a model that positions dysbiosis as the central unifying element in the neurochemi-cal, immunological, genetic, and environmental factors leading to OCD. Based on this, we review the animal and human clinical evidence for the use of microbial reprogramming strategies such as probiotic or fecal microbiota transplants to treat OCD. Finally, we discuss the unique challenges that must be addressed in future clinical interventions.
Quality of Life in Cancer Patients: The Modern Psycho-Oncologic Approach for Romania – a Review
Authors: Licu Monica , Paun Sorin , Ionescu Claudiu Gabriel
Published: June 2023

The quality of life (QOL) is an important indicator of human satisfaction and wellbeing. QOL is significantly and persistently affected for patients after a cancer diagnosis. Despite some evidence suggesting that psycho-oncologic interventions can provide lasting benefits, the inclusion of such interventions in cancer therapy is not universal. This article overviews known approaches to the evaluation of QOL in cancer patients and various interventions for improving patients’ outcomes with a focus on the Eastern European regional and specific Romanian context. With a mortality rate above and cancer care performance below the EU average and unequally distributed, Roma-nia urgently needs a national coordination program which is discussed in our review highlighting the main psychological tools needed for the assessment and its challenges towards implementing the program. In the end, we suggest some directions for future development of the psycho-oncologic approach in the context of social, policy and unexpected financial challenges the nation provides
Two-path Multi-behavior Sequence Modeling
Authors: Qu Mingyue , Wang Nan , Li Jinbao
Published: June 2023

Personalized recommendation is an important part of ecommerce platform. In the recommendation system, the neural network is used to enhance collaborative filtering to accurately capture user preferences, so as to obtain better recommendation performance. Traditional recommendation methods focused on the results of a single user behavior, ignoring the modeling of multiple interactive behaviors of users, such as click, add to cart and purchase. Although many studies had also focused on Multi-Behavior modeling, two important challenges remained. 1)Since multiple behavioral context information was ignored, it was still a challenge to identify the multimodal relationships of behaviors. 2) Surveillance signals were still sparse. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes Two-path Multi-behavior Sequence Modeling(TP_MB). First, a two-path learning strategy is introduced to maximize the multiple interaction information of user items learned by the two paths, which effectively enhances the robustness of the model. Second, a multi-behavior dependent encoder is designed. Contextual information is obtained through behavior dependencies in the interaction of different user. In addition, three contrastive learning methods are designed, which not only obtain additional auxiliary supervision signals, but also alleviate the problem of sparse supervision signals. Extensive experiments on two real datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art multi-behavior recommendation methods.
Biological Functions of Azospirillum brasilense that can Benefit Host Growth are Responsive to Light Stimuli
Authors: Housh Alexandra Bauer , Noel Randi , Powell Avery , Waller Spenser , Wilder Stacy L , Sopka Stephanie , Benoit Mary , Powell Garren , Schueller Michael J , Ferrieri Richard A
Published: June 2023

As the use of microbial inoculants in agriculture rises, it becomes important to understand how the environment may influence microbial ability to promote plant growth. This work examines whether there are light dependencies in the biological functions of Azospirillum brasilense, a commercialized prolific grass-root colonizer. Though classically defined as non-phototrophic, A. brasilense possesses photoreceptors that could perceive light conducted through its host’s roots. Evidence for light dependency of four microbial processes were examined and noted: biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), auxin biosynthesis, ATP biosynthesis, and iron and manganese uptake. Functional mutants of A. brasilense were leveraged and studied in light and dark environments: HM053 (high BNF and auxin production), ipdC (capable of BNF, deficient in auxin production), and FP10 (capable of auxin production, deficient in BNF). HM053 exhibited the highest rate of nitrogenase activity with the greatest light dependency comparing iterations in light and dark environments. The ipdC mutant showed similar behavior with relatively lower nitrogenase activity observed, while FP10 did not show a light dependency. Auxin biosynthesis showed strong light dependencies in HM053 and FP10 strains, but not for ipdC. Iron is involved in the BNF biological process, and light dependency was observed for microbial 59Fe2+ uptake in HM053 and ipdC, but not FP10. Surprisingly, a light dependency for 52Mn2+ uptake was only observed in ipdC. Finally, ATP biosynthesis was sensitive to light across all three mutants favoring blue light over red light compared to darkness with observed ATP levels in descending order for HM053 > ipdC > FP10.
Synthesis of Asymmetrical CsPbBr3/TiO2 Nanocrystals with Enhanced Stability and Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Liu Wanli , Liu Jinfeng , Wang Xiaoqian , He Jiazhen , Li Yuqing , Liu And Yong
Published: June 2023

Practical applications of CsPbX3 nanocrystals (NCs) are limited by their poor stability. The formation of heterojunction between CsPbX3 NCs and oxides is an effective means to protect perovskite from polar solvents and other external factors. Significantly improving the stability and photocatalytic properties of the core/shell perovskite is very important for its application in photoelectric and photocatalytic technology. Here, we report the synthesis of asymmetrical CsPbBr3/TiO2 core-shell heterostructure NCs at single particle level by hot injection liquid phase synthesis and sol-gel method, where each CsPbBr3 NCs is partially covered by titanium dioxide. It is shown that the type II arrangement is generated at the heterogeneous interface, which greatly facilitates the separation of electron-hole pairs and increases the carrier transport efficiency. More crucial, due to the protection of titanium dioxide shell, the product has higher long-term stability in humid air compared with bare CsPbBr3 NCs. The asymmetrical core-shell heterostructure prepared in this study not only improves the stability of CsPbX3 NCs, but also provides some ideas for optoelectronic device applications and TiO2-based photocatalysts.
State Anxiety and Intertemporal Decision-Making: The Mediation Effect of Inhibition Control and the Moderation Effect of Trait Anxiety
Authors: Xuan Yuyang , Jin Jiajia , Yao Yujia , Sang Biao
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To clarify the mechanism of state anxiety on intertemporal decision-making, two studies were conducted to investigate the role of trait anxiety and inhibitory control. Study 1 examined the moderating effect of trait anxiety. Study 2 continued to investigate the mediating effect of inhibition control on the basis of study 1. Methods: A total of 266 Chinese college students participated. Participants’ state anxiety, trait anxiety and intertemporal decision-making were measured by questionnaires (scales) respectively. And inhibition control was evaluated by two-choice oddball paradigm. Results: The results of Study 1 indicated that state anxiety could predict intertemporal decision-making and that the moderating effect of trait anxiety on this relationship was significant. Study 2 found that inhibitory control could completely moderate the relationship between state anxiety and intertemporal decision-making and that this indirect effect was affected by trait anxiety. Conclusion: 1)Individuals with higher trait anxiety are more inclined to make more impulsive and intertemporal decisions when they have a high level of state anxiety; 2)state anxiety allows inhibitory control ability to have a further effect on intertemporal decision-making; and 3)the higher trait anxiety in individuals, the stronger mediating effect of inhibitory control on the relationship between state anxiety and intertemporal decision-making.
The Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Neonatal Cholestasis; A Case of Hevi Pediatrics Teaching Hospital in Duhok Province, Iraq
Authors: Yahya Nizar B , Ramadhan Ali A
Published: June 2023

Background:

Neonatal cholestasis (NC) initiates in the first trimester of a newborn, comprising extra and intrahepatic medical conditions, with a high risk of fatality warranting early diagnosis and treatment to prevent morbimortality. The differential diagnosis of NC is a challenge demanding an accurate diagnosis for disease detection. The current study evaluates NC's clinical symptoms and differential diagnosis using ultrasound, liver biopsy, histopathology, and biochemistry.

Methods:

Infant registry data from Hevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital (January 2016 - January 2022) were obtained and screened for subject selection. The inclusion criteria include infants with direct hyperbilirubinemia within an onset of 1 to 90 days of birth. As indicated, the recruited subjects underwent liver ultrasound, blood biochemistry, and liver biopsy.

Results:

Seventy-two children presented with the criteria for inclusion in the study. The study found that ultrasound helped diagnose 43.1% of subjects for BA compared to 34.7% through histopathology. The histopathology confirmed 13 children (18.1%) having neonatal hepatitis. Test sensitivity of the ultrasound method for BA and NH was 60% (40.74, 76.6) and 38.46% (17.71, 64.48), respectively.

Conclusion:

The study found both ultrasound and liver biopsy to be critical diagnostic methods to differentiate the etiology of NC. Ultrasound has a higher specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing BA than NH. Histopathology and blood biochemistry should be considered, too, for effective diagnosis. In the future, larger sample and multicenter studies should be conducted to develop practically implementable strategies.
Corrosion Protection Mechanism Study of Nitrite Modified CaAl-LDH in Epoxy Coatings
Authors: Xue Junhao , Wang Jingjing , Cao Yanhui , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang LilI , Chen Kaifeng , Huang Congshu
Published: June 2023

In this work, nitrite intercalated CaAl-LDH was firstly prepared in this work. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used to characterize the morphology and element composition of the synthesized powder. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the chemical composition and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the structure. The nitrite release curve and the chloride concentration change curve were obtained to study the anion-exchange reaction. The corrosion protection effect of the CaAl-LDH loaded with nitrites towards the carbon steel was evaluated in 0.02 M NaCl solution by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Then the powder was added in the epoxy coating with a percentage of 2% (vs. epoxy resin). The coating morphology and roughness was evaluated by SEM and laser microscopy, and the corrosion protection effect was investigated by EIS in an immersion period of 21 d. Local electrochemical impedance spectra (LEIS) was used to characterize the corrosion development process in micro-corrosion sites. The corrosion product of the scratched area after salt spray exposure was analyzed by EDS and Raman spectroscopy. The corrosion protection mechanism of the CaAl-LDH loaded with nitrites was proposed based on the above experimental results.
MicroRNA miR-274-5p Controls Melanotic Mass Formation and Developmental Growth by Regulating the Found-in-Neurons-JNK Signaling Axis in Drosophila
Authors: Kim Hee Kyung , Kim Chae Jeong , Jang Daegyu , Lim Do-Hwan
Published: June 2023

The hematopoietic system plays a crucial role in immune defense response and normal development, and is regulated by various factors from other tissues. The dysregulation of hematopoiesis is associated with melanotic mass formation; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. Here, we observed that the overexpression of miR-274 in the fat body resulted in the formation of melanotic masses. Moreover, abnormal activation of the JNK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways was linked to these consequences. In addition to this defect, miR-274 overexpression in the larval fat body decreased the total tissue mass, leading to a reduction in body weight. miR-274-5p was found to directly suppress the expression of found-in-neurons (fne), which encodes an RNA-binding protein. Similar to the effects of miR-274 overexpression, fne depletion led to melanotic mass formation and growth reduction. Collectively, miR-274 plays a regulatory role in the fne-JNK signaling axis in melanotic mass formation and growth control.
Total Bio-Based Material To Fight Cancer Through Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Patamia Vincenzo , Zagni Chiara , Fiorenza Roberto , Dattilo Sandro , Riccobene Paolo Maria , Floresta Giuseppe , Rescifina Antonio
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, there is evidence that bacteria can contribute to cancer formation and interfere with therapy by mediating its carcinogenesis and related infection. Moreover, it is acknowledged that microbial infections and antibiotic resistance represent severe economic and health risks to society. These facts have led to the developing of several new techniques for impeding crucial biological processes in microbial cells. One of these techniques centers on using metal-chelating agents, which can disrupt the microorganism's vital metal metabolism by obstructing metal uptake and bioavailability for critical reactions. Additionally, nanotechnology has made a wide range of nanomaterials available for possible uses in the antibacterial industry. This complex field is shaped by antimicrobial nanoparticles, also investigated as therapeutic and drug-delivery tools. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are naturally occurring tubular clay nanomaterials consisting of aluminosilicate kaolin sheets rolled up several times. The aluminon and siloxane groups on the surface of HNTs facilitate the formation of hydrogen bonds with biomaterials on their surface. These properties make HNTs crucial in a wide range of applications, such as in environmental sciences, wastewater treatment, dye removal, nanoelectronics and nanocomposite fabrication, catalytic studies, coatings for glass or anti-corrosive coatings, cosmetics, flame retardants, stimulus-response, and in forensic sciences. This work aimed to produce an antibacterial material by combining the properties of halloysite nanotubes with the ability of kojic acid to chelate iron. Starting from kojic acid, a simple nucleophilic substitution involving the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the nanotubes was performed. The obtained material was characterized by IR and SEM, and its ability to chelate iron was evaluated. Finally, the capacity to load drugs such as resveratrol and curcumin was also evaluated by UV analysis. In this way, a new bio-based material that can be used as a drug carrier and antimicrobial was produced.
Microbiological quality of typical traditional yoghurt from Norther Uganda and Western Kenya
Authors: Ogwaro Betty A. , Gibson Hazel , Hill Dave J. , O'Gara Elizabeth A.
Published: June 2023

In this study, the microbiological quality of traditionally made yoghurt from Northern Uganda and Western Kenya were analysed. Six samples of typical traditionally fermented milk were randomly collected from traditional cattle keepers from Karamojong (UG 1) and Acholi (UG 2) in Northern Uganda), and Kalenjin in Western Kenya (KE). Analysis was carried out for microbial quality of the collected samples and was assessed using the conventional methods for total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliform, lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, yeasts, and mould counts. The results showed that the pH of the samples was low (2.9- 3.6). The mean aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts were 5.14 x 109 cfu/ml. The mean counts for mesophilic lactobacilli ranged from x 106 to x 108, cfu/ml. The mean thermophilic lactobacilli count ranged from x 107, to x 109, cfu/ml. However, the thermophilic lactococci counts ranged from x 106, to x 109, cfu/ml. On the other hand, the Streptococci counts were between x 106 to x 108 cfu/ml. The mean counts for the non-Sorbitol E. coli was 3.87 x 103 cfu/ml. The results suggest that although the pH of the yoghurt made in the Acholi and Karamojong (Northern Uganda) and in Kalenjin (Kenya) areas was low, the level of bacteria, yeast, and mould counts indicated poor microbiological quality control. This poses public health concerns. Therefore, attention of the appropriate government agencies is needed to ensure that environment of yogurt produced in a traditional setting in most appropriate condition to reduce contamination.
Pathological Effects of SARS-CoV-19 Associated With Hematological Abnormalities
Authors: Shama Mrs , Mahmood Asif , Mehmood Shahid , Zhang Wen
Published: June 2023

The SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that has executed 6.9 million people and infected over 765 million. It’s become a major worldwide health alarm and is also known to cause abnormalities in various systems, including the hematologic system. COVID-19 infection primarily affects the lower res-piratory tract and can lead to a cascade of events, including a cytokine storm, intravascular thrombosis, and subsequent complications such as arterial and venous thromboses. COVID-19 can cause thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and neutrophilia, which are associated with worse out-comes. Prophylactic anticoagulation is essential to prevent complication and death rate associated with the virus's effect on the coagulation system. It is crucial to recognize these complications early and promptly start therapeutic anticoagulation to improve patient outcomes. While rare, COVID-19-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation exhibits some similarities to DIC induced by sepsis. LDH, D-dimer, ferritin, and CRP biomarker are often increase in serious COVID-19 cases and poor prognosis. Understanding the pathophysiology of the disease and identifying risk factors for adverse outcomes is critical for effective management of COVID-19.
Effect of Carbon Dioxide Injection on Limestone Permeability Damage Induced by Alumina Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oil Recovery Applications
Authors: Alali Ragheed , Abe Kazunori , Seddiqi Khawaja Naweed , Fujii Hikari
Published: June 2023

Enhanced oil recovery using nanoparticles is a promising method. However, when injected into a reservoir, nanoparticles can block pores and cause permeability damage. Therefore, enhancing their performance to lower the permeability damage effect is crucial. This study investigated the effect of pH alteration through carbon dioxide (CO2) injection on the permeability damage of limestone caused by the aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3) nanofluid. The methodology involved nanofluid alternating CO2 core flooding experiments by using nanofluids with pH of 4.5 and 2.8. After core flooding, permeability damage was calculated as a percentage of the reduction of the original permeability. The results revealed that the permeability damage in the case of nanofluid alternating CO2 injection was 23.23%. In only nanofluid with a pH of 4.5 injection case, permeability damage was 47.53%. In the 2.8 pH nanofluid injection case, permeability damage was 31.01%. The retention of nanoparticles was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Permeability damage could be attributed to a large nanoparticles’ agglomeration size, roughness of pore surfaces, and nanoparticle sedimentation. The results of the study revealed that altering pH through the α-Al2O3 nanofluid alternating CO2 injection can effectively reduce the permeability damage of limestone.
Effect of Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)–Pectin Ratio on Phenolic Content Stability of Propolis Microcapsules
Authors: Sukri Nandi , Annisa Dela Sofia , Djali Mohamad , Cahyana Yana , Mahani Mahani , Huda Syamsul
Published: June 2023

Propolis is known to have many benefits, especially in the health sector. Due to the sharp aroma & taste, and the phenolic compounds contained in propolis are easily oxidized & hydrolyzed at high temperatures, the application of propolis in the food sector is still lacking. Microencapsulation with a coacervation complex is used to overcome these problems. The thickness of the coating material is an important factor in the microencapsulation of complex coacervation. This study aimed to determine the coating ratio used to produce propolis microcapsules with the highest phenolic stability during storage and heating. This study consisted of three treatment ratios of whey protein isolate (WPI) & pectin coating materials 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1. The results showed that the yield value ranged from 37.279-40.116%, aw 0.375-0.529, and encapsulation efficiency 85.45-96.44%. The color of the microcapsules produced was bright (L* = 94.28-95.35%), tended to be reddish (a* = 0.07-0.11) & yellowish (b* = 4.36-4.83). The difference in the ratios treatment significantly affected the storage stability, while the heating stability ratio only significantly affected the 2:1 treatment. The best total phenolic stability of propolis microcapsules during storage & heating was obtained by 1:1 treatment with retention values of 97.31% and 63.86%.
A New Perspective on Hydrogen Chloride Scavenging at High Temperatures for Reducing the Smoke Acidity of PVC Cables in Fires. IV: The Impact of Acid Scavengers at High Temperatures on Flame Retardance and Smoke Emission
Authors: Sarti Gianluca , Bassi Iacopo , Delchiaro Francesca , Bandinelli Claudia , Mazzocchetti Laura , Salatelli Elisabetta
Published: June 2023

In PVC compounds, hydrogen chloride plays a fundamental role in .H and .OH radical trapping lowering the flame energy during combustion. Furthermore, it yields actual Lewis acids promoting the cross-linking of the polyene sequences from PVC degradation and bringing a char layer, protecting PVC items from flames. Therefore, PVC is inherently flame retarded. However, plasticized PVC requires flame retardants and smoke suppressants to enhance fire performance. Low smoke acidity PVC compounds contain potent acid scavengers capable of acting at high temperatures. They react with hydrogen chloride in the condensed phase, making it unavailable in the gas and even in the condensed phase, compromising the reaction to fire and enhancing the smoke produced during the combustion. The effect of the sequestration of hydrogen chloride in PVC compounds for cables by potent acid scavengers has been studied in this paper through measurements of oxygen index, heat release, and smoke production. It is shown that potent acid scavengers strongly affect parameters like fire growth rate in cone calorimetry, specific (total) heat capacity, and specific heat of combustion of fuel gases in micro combustion calorimetry. They neutralize the action of antimony trioxide and Lewis acid precursors commonly used as flame retardants and smoke suppressants in PVC items, making them prone to ignite, release smoke, and spread flame. A new generation of flame retardants and smoke suppressants is necessary to keep low smoke acidity and high fire performances together in PVC items
Jejak Kuasa Majapahit dalam Kebertahanan Tradisi Mesabatan Biu di Desa Wisata Tenganan Dauh Tukad Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali
Authors: Sri A. A. Kade Sri Yudari , Dauh I Wayan
Published: June 2023

Tulisan ini mengkaji kearifan lokal yang dilakukan para pemuda Tenganan Dauh Tukad ketika memasuki masa akil balig, setiap tahun, pada bulan ketiga menurut perhitungan kalender setempat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui alasan tradisi mesabatan biu dipertahankan dan mengetahui makna simbol–simbol yang digunakan dalam atraksi. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, analisis deskriptif interpretatif serta pendekatan antropologi sastra dapat mengungkap sikap dan perilaku masyarakat yang berpegang teguh pada keyakinan terhadap mitologi dan pemujaan leluhur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa tradisi mesabatan biu mengingatkan keperkasaan para pendahulu saat mempertahankan wilayah yang akhirnya jatuh di tangan penguasa Majapahit. Hal ini terbukti masih eksisnya bangunan suci Pura Dalem Majapahit sebagai simbol kuasanya. Adapun sarana yang digunakan hanyalah simbol bahwa wilayah tersebut merupakan perkebunan kelapa dan pisang. Semangat pantang menyerah mempertahankan wilayah terekspresi melahirkan tradisi perang-perangan yang unik. Kondisi demikian menjadikan desa Tenganan Dauh Tukad sebagai salah satu desa wisata di Kabupaten Karangasem.
Konteks Penggunaan dan Penyampaian Kritik Masyarakat Madura dalam Ranah Pergaulan
Authors: Sofyan Akhmad , Hidayatullah Panakajaya , Badrudin Ali
Published: June 2023

Penelitan ini mengkaji penggunaan ungkapan kritik masyarakat Madura dalam ranah pergaulan dan tetangga di Besuki Raya. Fokus penelitian mengungkap 1) konteks kritik tersebut diproduksi, 2) bentuk dan model kritik, serta 3) fungsi kritik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi komunikasi. Penyediaan data menggunakan teknik simak, sumber data berupa ungkapan (lisan) dari masyarakat Madura yang direkam/catat sebagai data primer. Temuan dalam penelitian ini: 1) kritik disampaikan dalam konteks komunikasi dalam ranah keluarga, meliputi utang piutang, antartetangga, dan ketubuhan; 2) bentuk dan model kritik yang digunakan yakni menggunakan metafora, humor, nasihat, bahasa kasar, ancaman halus, nyanyian, orang ketiga, surat tulis, objek benda, objek hewan, sanjungan, dan menggerutu (ngaronyam); 3) fungsi kritik dalam ranah pergaulan dan tetangga meliputi bentuk perhatian dengan mengutarakan kesalahan dan kekurangan orang lain, bentuk keakraban antarteman dan tetangga, ekspresi untuk mengungkapkan kekesalan.
Strategi Mempertahankan Budaya Ondel-ondel dalam Revitalisasi Kebudayaan Betawi
Authors: Sekar Ainaya Callula  , Pinkan Saladina Nolani  , M. Ridwan Ramadhan
Published: June 2023

Keberagaman budaya di Indonesia merupakan peninggalan para leluhur dalam wujud yang kompleks. Peninggalan budaya tersebut di antaranya aktivitas manusia, tradisi, dan benda. Penurunan tingkat ketahanan budaya yang terjadi di Jakarta mengakibatkan budaya Betawi mulai luntur dan ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat termasuk kesenian ondel-ondel. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi dalam mempertahankan ondel-ondel sebagai bagian dari budaya Betawi. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi langsung, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam mempertahankan budaya ondelondel, yaitu membangun jati diri masyarakat dan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam memperkenalkan, menyosialisasikan, dan mempromosikan budaya ondel-ondel kepada masyarakat.
Novel Biografi Romo Mangun: Refleksi atas Teologi Pembebasan Sang Manyar
Authors: Kartika Bambang Aris
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini membahas novel biografi Mangun yang merepresentasikan perjuangan, kemanusiaan, dan keberpihakan Romo Mangunwijaya, Pr. Imam Katolik dalam membela rakyat yang terpinggirkan, tertindas, dibelenggu kemiskinan dan ketidakadilan, mengalami penggusuran, dan penenggelaman desa atas megaproyek Waduk Kedung Ombo. Keberpihakan Romo Mangun sebagai artikulasi dari refleksi atas teologi pembebasan sebagaimana yang dipraktikan para pastor di Amerika Latin maupun di Dunia Ketiga. Telaah teologi pembebasan memosisikan gereja tidak sebatas mengajar dogma-dogma agama, melainkan menjadi dasar teologis bagi upaya membela dan melayani masyarakat miskin yang tertindas dan mengalami ketidakadilan. Kajian terhadap novel Mangun dengan pendekatan teologi pembebasan dan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan objek data teks-teks dalam novel. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode interpretatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberpihakan dan pembelaan Romo Mangun terhadap masyarakat Kali Code dan Kedung Ombo atas nama kemanusiaan adalah praktik atas refleksi teologi pembebasan dan rasa kemanusiaan menjadi motivasi atas tindakannya untuk berpihak dan membela rakyat kecil
Membedah Nilai Ketuhanan dan Kemanusiaan dalam Nyanyian “Oreng” pada Etnik Lamaholot di Imulolong
Authors: Bala Alexander
Published: June 2023

Bahasa daerah merupakan produk budaya guyub masyarakat yang memiliki peran vital sebagai sarana interaksi antara satu orang dengan orang lain atau satu guyub tutur dengan guyub tutur yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan dan menjelaskan nilai-nilai ketuhanan dan kemanusiaan dalam nyanyian rakyat “Oreng” pada etnik Lamaholot di Imulolong Lembata. Analisis hermeneutik digunakan sebagai bagian dari korpus berupa teks lisan yang telah terjadi pada masa lampau. Penelitian etnografi ini mengasumsi bahwa “Oreng” sebagai peristiwa budaya mengandung kebenaran empiris dan etik melalui berbagai leksikon yang digunakan. Penyediaan data menggunakan teknik simak dan catat. Interpretasi data dilakukan mulai dari tahap penyediaan data. Interpretasi data dilakukan secara menyeluruh dengan mengaitkan hubungan antardata yang diinterpretasi secara leksikal dan konteks kultural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat nilai-nilai ketuhanan dan kemanusiaan. Nilai ketuhanan yang ditemukan berupa nilai kesakralan dan keesaan Tuhan. Sedangkan, nilai kemanusiaan meliputi kesehatan, solidaritas atau kebersamaan, perjuangan, sejarah, dan nilai pendidikan.
Reimajinasi Pasca-Indonesia: Merefleksikan Ulang Keindonesiaan dalam Novel Burung-Burung Rantau Karya Y.B. Mangunwijaya
Authors: Taufiq Akhmad
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan reimajinasi pasca-Indonesia dalam novel Burung-burung Rantau karya Y.B. Mangunwijaya. Dengan fokus pada tiga kajian utama, yakni transformasi manusia Indonesia, konstruksi imajinasi nasional, dan reimajinasi pasca-Indonesia, kajian ini diharapkan mampu menemukan cara pandang dan sikap baru dalam konteks Indonesiaan di tengah tata dunia global yang sedang berubah. Dengan metode kualitatif-interpretatif-reflektif, kajian ini dirancang untuk membaca, memaknai, menafsirkan, dan sekaligus merefleksikan data berupa kata, kalimat, dan paragraf dalam novel Burung-burung Rantau karya Y.B. Mangunwijaya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, hasil dari kajian ini menyatakan bahwa dalam konteks transformasi manusia Indonesia, konstruksi imajinatif nasional, dan reimajinasi pasca-Indonesia dibutuhkan kemampuan untuk membaca, memaknai, dan memproyeksikan keindonesiaan di tengah tata dunia global yang sedang berubah. Implikasi kajian ini memperkaya secara akademis dan menghadirkan cara pandang baru terhadap realitas keindonesiaan, sedangkan secara praktis berpotensi membangun kesadaran berideologi dan bersikap di tengah tata dunia global yang sedang berlangsung tersebut.
Experimental Modeling of Transport of Ore-Forming Components by Water-Salt Fluids at Elevated P–T Parameters
Authors: Damdinov B.B. , Kotelnikov A.R. , Suk N.I. , Damdinova L.B. , Akhmedzhanova G.M.
Published: June 2023

—The modeling experiments were conducted to study transport of ore-forming components in the lithosphere, taking into account the possibility of ore matter remobilization under endogenous conditions. The experiments, which included temperature gradient-based ones, were conducted at T = 500–680 °C and P = 1.5–5.0 kbar on high gas pressure devices (HGPD) in highly concentrated water-salt solutions of alkaline specifics. The experiments consisted of two stages. During the first stage, we tested the possibility of recrystallization of the ore matter of “black smokers” in the presence of basalt at 500 ℃ and 5 kbar and water-salt fluids at a concentration of up to 5 wt.%. At the second stage, mechanisms of ore-forming components transport (P–T parameters: 450–650 ℃ and up to 5 kbar) were studied under conditions of a temperature gradient (0.3–0.4 °C/mm). The duration of the experiments was 14 days. The test products were: oceanic basalts, granite model mixtures (Fsp + Qz), as well as various sulfide minerals, oxides and noble metals (Au, Pt). It has been shown that at T 680–650 °C, intensive recrystallization and deposition of sulfide minerals (sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite, cooperite, etc.) along with feldspars, micas and quartz, takes place. Intensive transport of both the main petrogenic (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K) and ore-forming elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Pt, Au, Hg, Bi), and a joint transport of silicate and ore matter is established. Some ore elements are either included into compositions of solid solutions or present as impurities in ore-forming minerals: Fe, Ni, Cu → pyrite, pyrrhotite; Pb, Au, As, Bi, Zn → galena; Zn, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cu → sphalerite; As → galena, orpiment, realgar, gold; Hg → gold. The obtained data attest to the possibility of modeling ore mineralization mechanisms. The experimental results apply to explain the genesis of the Zun-Kholba gold–quartz–sulfide deposit and describe the processes of epigenetic transformations of primary ores in polymetallic deposits, on the example of the Ozernoe Pb–Zn deposit. The discussed mechanisms can be extended to explain the genesis of other ore deposits occurring in the zones of tectonic-magmatic activation.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK WANITA TANI MELALUI PELATIHAN ANYAMAN DI DUSUN GALIH, BAOSAN LOR, NGRAYUN, PONOROGO
Authors: Murtadlo Muhammad Ali , Ayun Nur , Rosyada Khizam Amru
Published: June 2023

Kelompok Wanita Tani merupakan sebuah asosiasi dari kalangan wanita yang menaungi kegiatan masyarakat di Dusun Galih, Desa Baosan Lor, Kecamatan Ngrayun yang terbentuk pada tanggal 18 September 2020. Asosiasi ini terbentuk karena adanya kewajiban dari kebijakan Pemerintahan desa. Seiring berjalannya waktu, asosiasi tersebut vakum dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama dikarenakan adanya pandemi covid-19. Akibat kurang adanya komunikasi dan koordinasi antar anggota. Berangkat dari aset Kelompok Wanita Tani yang telah vakum tersebut kegiatan pelatihan anyaman ini layak untuk dilaksanakan.  Dengan mengunakan pendekatan ABCD (Assed Based Community Development) yang mengutamakan pemanfaatan aset dan potensi yang ada di sekitar dan dimiliki oleh komunitas masyarakat. Pelatihan ini berjalan dengan baik sehingga mampu memberikan dampak positif bagi Kelompok Wanita Tani yang ada di Dusun Galih, yakni: Menghidupkan kembali Kelompok Wanita Tani yang telah vakum, meningkatkan skills anyaman dan beberapa variasinya, serta sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan ekonomi kelompok dan menyejahterakan anggota kelompok.
MENDORONG PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT UNTUK MELESTARIKAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP MELALUI AKSI BERSIH PANTAI DI KEPULAUAN MADURA
Authors: Hidayaturrahman Mohammad , Sya’bana Rizal Andi , Herli Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Pentingnya memperhatikan kondisi lingkungan dari pengaruh buruk sampah wajib dilakukan oleh setiap lapisan masyarakat, termasuk masyarakat pesisir dan kepulauan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh sifat kepulauan yang membuat sebagian besar wilayah di Kecamatan Sapeken, Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, Jawa Timur terhubung langsung dengan laut. Jika sampah tidak dikelola dengan baik, maka tidak hanya akan berdampak pada manusia tetapi juga pada biota laut. Kepulauan Sapeken memiliki laut yang indah dan potensi kelautan yang luar biasa besar, hal tersebut disayangkan bila rusak karena sampah yang berserakan atau bahkan menggunung. Program bersih pantai (beach clean-up) yang dilakukan diharapkan menjadi kegiatan yang mampu memberi pengertian tentang bahaya membuang sampah sembarangan, sekaligus menjadi inspirasi untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan hidup. Dengan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat, diharapkan mampu memberikan kesadaran kepada masyarakat tentang indahnya pantai jika bersih dan rapi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah metode partisipasi aktif, yang dilakukan bekerja sama dengan Aliansi Masyarakat (AMAN) Kepulauan Sapeken di Desa Sapeken. Kesadaran untuk sadar bahaya sampah dan kepedulian untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan hidup bagi warga Kepulauan Madura masih tetap harus ditingkatkan. Masyarakat yang terlibat dalam kegiatan masih terbilang minim.
BUDIDAYA BUAH TIN DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI EKONOMI DESA DURI, SLAHUNG, PONOROGO
Authors: Aini Shofwatul
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan perekonomian suatu desa bisa dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan aset yang dimilikinya. Di desa Duri Kecamatan Slahung Kabupaten Ponrorogo memiliki aset yaitu tanaman buah tin. Para petani buah tin sudah menanam buah tin kurang lebih 3 tahun tetapi banyak diantara mereka yang bekum mengolahnya menjadi suatu produk yang bernilai jual tinggi. Oleh karena itu pengabdian ini memiliki dua rumusan masalah yaitu Bagaimanakah budidaya dan pengolahan buah tin agar menjadi produk yang bernilai jual tinggi dan Bagaimanakah pengaruh pengolahan buah tin terhadap pola pikir warga Duri dalam kaitannya dengan peningkatan ekonomi. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ABCD dimana penekanan utamanya adalah memanfaatkan aset yang ada. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dalam bentuk sosialisasi budidaya dan pengolahan buah tin di desa Duri. Dari pengabdian bisa disimpulkan bahwa untuk pengolahan buah tin agar menjadi produk yang bernilai jual tinggi diperlukan kesabaran dan ketelatenan. Selain itu, pengolahan buah tin menjadi produk yang bernilai jual tinggi dapat menggugah pikiran warga desa Duri untuk berwirausaha. Keywords: Buah tin, ABCD, peningkatan ekonomi  Abstract: One of the way to raise the economic development of a village can be done by using the asset that they have maximally. Duri village is a part of Slahung district in Ponorogo East Java that has many assets, which one of these is Tin fruit. The farmers have planted this fruit for three years, but most of them sell only the fruit. They have not cultivated Tin fruit become something that has a high value economically.  Based on this, the research has two main problems to overcome. First, how to plant and cultivate the tin fruit become something with high value economically, and how this cultivating process can influence the mindset of Duri people in becoming a businessman.  This research uses ABCD method where the main stressing is on using the asset. To do this, the engagement is conducted in form of the socialization on planting and cultivating Tin fruit in Duri village. The result is to cultivate Tin fruit become something with high value economically needs patience and diligent. In addition, the socialization of cultivating Tin fruit can stimulate the mindset of Duri people to become an entrepreneur. Keywords: Tin fruit, ABCD, raise the economy