bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association among Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index and functional prognosis in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nagai Takako , Uei Hiroshi , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi
Published: November 2020

Background

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is one of the most common fractures in the elderly and the number is increasing. In addition, nutritional status is associated with functional prognosis in the elderly. However, there are limited reports on the relationship between nutritional status and functional prognosis in OVCF. Furthermore, there are no reports that have examined the relationship between OVCF nutritional status and functional prognosis using geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for nutritional assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nutritional status, activities of daily living (ADL), and fall after fracture in patients with OVCF.
Methods

The clinical information of 187 conservatively treated OVCF patients was retrospectively examined. This information included: age, sex, body mass index, total number of drugs used for treatment at admission, bone mineral density, use of drugs for osteoporosis, fracture type, comorbidity severity, nutritional status, Barthel Index (BI), and fall after OVCF. Subjects were divided into two groups according to their GNRI. Propensity score matching was used to confirm factors affecting BI and falls after OVCF.
Results

Sixty-eight patients (36.4%) presented with malnutrition at fracture. According to multiple linear regression analysis, GNRI positively affected BI gain (β = 0.283, 95% confidence interval [CI], -122.2 to -0.706, p = 0.001). Furthermore, on logistic regression analysis, fall after OVCF was associated with GNRI (odds ratio = 0.896, 95% CI, 0.832 to 0.964, p = 0.003).
Conclusions

Malnutrition in elderly OVCF patients decreases the acquisition of ADL and increases fall risk. Improvement of nutritional status during OVCF treatment may lead to improvement of ADL and prevention of falls.
Short-term Exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 Increases the Number of Outpatients with Eczema in Guangzhou: A Time-Series Study
Authors: Zhang Ji , Yang Yicheng , Xu Jing , Jing Dian , Sun Bo , Chen Yilin , Chen Junyi , Shen Shuqun
Published: November 2020

Background: The worldwide prevalence of eczema has continued to rise over the past decades.This has led to emphasis on the association between air pollution and eczema. This study investigated the relationship between daily exposure to air pollution and the number of eczema outpatient visits in Guangzhou with the overarching goal of providing novel insights on the interventions for eczema aggravation and prevention.Methods: Daily air pollution data, meteorological data, and number of eczema outpatients were obtained from 18th January 2013 to 31st December 2018 in Guangzhou. A generalized additive model with Poisson distribution was used to assess the association between the number of eczema outpatient visits and short-term exposure of PM2.5 and PM10. In addition, the effect of PM2.5 and PM10 by age (<65 years, ≥65 years) and gender was evaluated. Results: A total of 293,343 eczema outpatient visits were recorded. The obtained results indicated that a 10μg/m3 increase of the same day/ lag 1 day/ lag 2 days PM2.5 was associated with increments of 2.33%(RR=1.0233, 95%CI: 1.0206-1.0260, P<0.001), 1.81% (RR=1.0181, 95%CI: 1.0153-1.0209, P<0.001), and 0.95%(RR=1.0095, 95%CI: 1.0068-1.0123, P<0.001) in eczema outpatients risk, respectively. On the other hand, a 10μg/m3 increase of PM10 was associated with eczema outpatients risk increments of 1.97%(RR=1.0197, 95%CI: 1.0177-1.0217, P<0.001), 1.65%(RR=1.0165, 95%CI: 1.0145-1.0186, P<0.001), and 0.98%(RR=1.0098, 95%CI: 1.0078-1.0118, P<0.001), respectively. Furthermore, the effects of PM on the increment of eczema were similar in the male and female groups. Results obtained after age stratification analyses indicated that the strongest positive association between PM2.5 exposure and eczema were observed at lag 0 day with the percent changes being 4.72% (95%CI, 4.18-5.28%, P<0.001), 1.92%(95%CI: 1.65-2.19%, P<0.001) and 3.34% (95%CI, 2.9- 3.78%, P<0.001) in <12 years old, ≥12 and <65years old, and ≥65 years old groups, respectively. Conclusion: Short-term exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 increases the number of eczema outpatients especially among children and the elderly. This study has provided a further understanding of the relationship between air pollutants and eczema, which will benefit disease prevention and lower the health burden.
Exploring Indian Spices As Promising Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Garg Kirti , Giri Astha
Published: November 2020

Background: Infectious diseases caused by pathogens, and food contamination caused by microorganisms, are compromising human health. The efficacies of antimicrobials have weakened by microbial resistance, while antibiotic toxicity is another challenge, arising the need of natural antimicrobial agents. Objective: Spices have been long used to enhance flavor and aroma of food, and for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. In this study, antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of five Indian spices i.e. Black pepper, Carom, Cinnamon, Clove and Cumin, was explored against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, by agar dilution method and disk diffusion method. Methods: For agar dilution, aqueous and ethanolic extracts, with concentrations ranging from 0.5mg/ml – 8mg/ml, were used. For disc diffusion method, varying concentrations of the ethanolic extracts (50%, 75% and 100%) were used. Results: The results showed inhibitory effect on the growth of the microbes at higher concentrations of extracts. Clove’s bud showed the best antimicrobial effect, having minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) less than 0.5mg/ml for aqueous extract and 6mg/ml for ethanolic extract against both bacteria, and had the biggest zone of inhibition i.e. 21mm, against E. coli, while Black pepper had a zone of inhibition of 20mm against S. aureus. Conclusion: It was noted that the spice extracts, in general, were more effective against S. aureus than E. coli. Therefore, spices and particularly Clove and Black pepper extracts have great potential to be further tested and developed as novel safe antimicrobial agents.
Healthcare Resource Utilization and Healthcare costs of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a tertiary care public hospital: A cross-sectional study in Thailand
Authors: Leeyaphan Jirapong , Leeyaphan Charussri , Sutha Patama , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira , Kulthanachairojana Nattanichcha
Published: November 2020

Background: Health care costs (HCCs) are a significant concern in developing countries. We investigated the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and HCCs for patients with COVID-19 concerning disease-severity and infection site.Methods: We reviewed the data from electronic medical records of COVID-19 patients. We used comorbidity conditions and patient characteristics as covariates. Analyses were conducted using simple linear regression and generalized linear regression models with a log–link and gamma distribution. Results: A total of 202 patients were confirmed to have a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Total costs per patient were USD 6,626 (USD 5,901–7,350). Personal protection equipment costs were the most significant cost for COVID-19 patients (USD 3,777). Mean medication costs per patient were USD 300 (USD 182–419). Patients with severe symptoms and a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) had a higher cost and resource utilization value both before and after adjusting for covariates.Conclusions: COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms and LRI were associated with higher HCRU. length of stay, severe symptoms, and LRI were associated with a higher cost of treatment.
How bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus, Coleoptera, Bruchinae) larvae die on legume seeds
Authors: Szentesi Árpád
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe host specificity and the range of possible wild and cultivated hosts of the dry bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), a seed predator of beans, is poorly known. In addition, female oviposition preference and larval performance relationship is complicated by the respective importance of seed coat and cotyledon, because, on the one hand, paradoxically, females lay eggs on the basis of stimuli of the seed coat alone, without directly being able to assess the quality of cotyledon’s suitability for larval development. On the other, the thickness of seed coat may prevent first instar larvae from entering the seeds, even if cotyledons were suitable for development.ResultsThe seeds of 62 leguminous species and 82 accessions occurring in Hungary were tested in no-choice tests for egg-laying. The ability of first instar larvae to overcome seed coat, as a physical barrier, was measured with intact seed coat, whereas drilled seed coats allowed assessing the suitability of cotyledon for development. Seeds of 18 species (35% of them Lathyrus) supported larval development to adults, if the seed coat was drilled, however, only nine produced adults, if the seed coat was intact. Seed coats thicker than 0.1 mm could be an obstacle for first instar larvae. There was no overall positive correlation between oviposition preference and larval performance, with the exception of 16 so-called acceptable non-hosts (Kendall’s τ = 0.3088). Bean weevil females also demonstrated an ovipositional hierarchy of legume species even in no-choice tests.ConclusionsResults demonstrate that whereas the use of some acceptable non-host species by the bean weevil is possible in seed stores, the same is unlikely under outdoor conditions, because it requires the recognition of basically different oviposition substrates (pods).
Assessment of Health Management Information System (HMIS) implementation in South West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.
Authors: Bogale Addisuu , Rikitu Dufera
Published: November 2020

Background: Health management information system (HMIS) is a system that allows for the collection, storage, compilation, transmission, analysis and usage of health data that assist decision makers and stakeholders manage and plan resources at every level of health service. The objective was to assess Health Management Information System (HMIS) implementation in south west shewa, oromia, central Ethiopia 2019.Methods and Materials: The assessment was conducted in south west Shewa from August 17 to 25, 2019. Facility based cross sectional study design was employed and 22 health centers were included in the study. Collected data was entered in Epi-data and analyzed using SPSS 23 and Microsoft excel 2010.Results: Among health centers assessed 58% and 92% had HMIS unit and electric power respectively. In all woredas HMIS focal person was assigned and trained on information use. At health center level HMIS recording and reporting, indicator reference, NCoD and information use manuals availability were 25%, 33%, 17% and 58% respectively. The study shows that implementation of information display, and functionality of PMT were 74% and 58% respectively. During the assessment interviewed midwives on the service delivery unit only 75% of health center define and record new and repeat acceptor of family planning according to the national revised HMIS indicators. Also 67% of health officer assigned to outpatient department define new and repeat and filled in the register properly and some of them didn’t use NCoD to classify HMIS disease classification.Conclusions: Health management information System (HMIS) in south west shewa zone was not fully implemented and there is a challenge related to improving data accuracy, access to computerized HMIS data and competencies to analyze, interpret and use of HMIS data at health center levels. Also, presence of reporting mechanism, displaying information and feedback mechanism were poor at health center level. Therefore, it is important to function performance monitoring team meeting and supportive supervision regularly at all levels.
WITHDRAWN: Assessing terrestrial carbon sink potential from vegetation under optimal land management
Authors: Sha Zongyao , Bai Yongfei , Li Ruren , Lan Hai , Zhang Xueliang , Li Jonathan , Liu Xuefeng , Xie Yichun
Published: November 2020

The global temperature could increase over 1.5 or even 2 °C by the middle of 21st century due to massive emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) — of which carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest component1. Human activities emit more than 10 PgC (1PgC=1015gC) per year into the atmosphere1, which is regarded as the primary reason for increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and global warming2. Global vegetation sequesters 112–169 PgC each year3, about half of which is released back into the atmosphere through autotrophic respiration while the rest, termed as net primary production (NPP), is for balancing the CO2 emissions from human activities, microbial respiration, and decomposition4. Carbon sequestration from vegetation varies under different environmental conditions5 and could also be significantly altered by land management practices (LMPs)6. Adopting optimal land management practices (OLMPs) helps sequester more CO2 from the atmosphere and mitigate climate changes. Understanding the extra carbon sequestration with OLMPs, or termed as carbon gap, is an important scientific topic that is rarely studied. Here we propose an integrated method to identify the location-specific OLMPs and assess the carbon gap by using remotely sensed time-series of NPP dataset, segmented landscape-vegetation-soil (LVS) zones and distance-constrained zonal analysis. The findings show that the carbon gap from global land plants totaled 13.74 PgC per year with OLMPs referenced from within a 20km neighborhood, an equivalent of ~1/5 of the total sequestered net carbon at the current level; half of the carbon gap clusters in only ~15% of vegetated area. The carbon gap flux rises with population density and the priority for implementing OLMPs should be given to the densely populated areas to enhance the global carbon sequestration capacity.
Histopathological and Clinicopathological Co-Relation of Non-Neoplastic Cystic Lesions in Surgically Removed Ovaries
Authors: Patel Dipti Manojbhai , Baxi Seema N
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Neoplastic ovarian lesions have been extensively studied, but less attention is paid to non-neoplastic cystic lesions. Though follicular cysts are the most common of the non-neoplastic cysts, the % of occurrence of individual non-neoplastic lesions is not known. Also, often there is dilemma in reporting the exact type of nonneoplastic cyst. This study was planned with the objectives of assessing percentage of non neoplastic cystic ovaries, determining the morphological forms and relation of the various cysts with age of patient, and to detect whether multicystic non neoplastic lesions are more frequent in present day.

Materials and methods: A prospective hospital based cross sectional non-neoplastic ovarian cysts study was done between January to June 2019 in a tertiary hospital. All hysterectomy specimens with the accompanying ovary/ovaries and oophorectomy specimen were included. Microscopic features were assessed. Data was tabulated in MS excel sheet. Percentage of occurrences of age, size, morphological type, laterality and complaints were calculated.

Result:50% of 193 ovaries had non neoplastic cystic lesions. Non neoplastic cysts were associated with fibroid in 54%, DUB in 17% and adenomyosis in 16% cases. They were seen commonly during reproductive age group(83%). Post-menopausal age showed 16% cases. 86% of the non neoplastic ovarian cystic lesions were unilateral. 20% non neoplastic cystic lesions were of <1cm, 74% were 1-5 cm in size and 5% were larger than 5 cm. Morphologically 40% were follicular lesions, 32% were simple serous cysts, 14% were haemorrhagic cysts, 8% corpus luteal cysts and 2% each theca lutein and epithelial inclusion cysts.

Conclusion: Non neoplastic cystic ovaries comprised 50% of all ovarian lesions, 83% were seen during reproductive age group. Leiomyoma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and adenomyosis were the common clinical features and 70% of the cysts were 1-5 cm in size. There was no relation between morphological types of the cystic lesions and functional status. Simple serous cyst, cystic follicle, follicular cyst, cystic corpus luteum, corpus luteal cyst, theca luteal cyst, epithelial inclusion cyst and haemorrhagic cyst were found of which follicular cyst was the commonest (40%) Multicystic non neoplastic lesions or polycystic ovaries were not found during the period of study.
A Rare Case Presentation of HbE/ β Thalassemia
Authors: Singh Anu , Kumar Vijay , Singh Meetu , Sahu Priya , Baweja Garima , Marwah Sadhna
Published: November 2020

HbE/β thalassemia (HbE/β thal) genotype accounts for approximately one half of severe β thalassemia cases worldwide. The disorder shows marked clinical variability ranging from mild asymptomatic anemia to life threatening disease. Here, we report a case of a 2-year-old boy from Bihar presenting with severe haemolytic jaundice. Complete haematological profile and Haemoglobin High Performance Liquid Chromatography (Hb HPLC) using Biorad version was done of the patient along with the family was done to arrive at the diagnosis of this rare hemoglobinopathy.
Cell Block: A Tool to Improve Cytopathologic Diagnostic Value of Fine Needle Aspiration Material
Authors: Nagose Vaishali Baburao , Deshpande Shruthi Amit , Kasturi Dinesh , Jadhav Varsha Ashok
Published: November 2020

Background: The various advantages of Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy/ cytology can be limited due to inadequacy of the specimen and expertise required for diagnosis. Cell blocks (CBs), though routinely used in cytology of body fluids, can also be used in FNA material with considerable increase in diagnostic accuracy. Aims & objectives: To compared FNA & CB as diagnostic tool and to evaluate whether cell block adds to the diagnostic accuracy of FNA.

Methods: This is a two years prospective study carried out in the pathology department of a tertiary heath care hospital and medical college of South India which included the cases undergoing the FNAC, and followed by the biopsy. CB was prepared using Tissue coagulum clot (TCC) method. The smears and tissue sections were assessed for cellularity and adequacy for diagnosis. CBs were grouped into four diagnostic categories. FNA & CB were compared with histopathology (HPE) diagnosis to calculate Sensitivity, Specificity and Diagnostic Accuracy.

Result: A total of 195 cases were included. Cellularity and adequacy for diagnosis were higher in CB. They were diagnostically better (superior) in 13.84% (27) cases. The sensitivity (95.77%) and diagnostic accuracy (94.87%) of CB was found to be considerably higher than FNA (78.84% and 78.46% respectively).

Conclusion: In cases of suspicious/ intermediate diagnosis or diagnosis discordant with clinical ones, by FNA; should be followed with the CB to improve the diagnostic yield & to facilitate accurate diagnoses. TCC method is a simple CB method which has higher diagnostic accuracy than FNA.
Utility of Hematological Scoring System in Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: S Aparna , George Vivek , Mohandas Limi , Raj Lisha S , Vasudevan Sheela
Published: November 2020

Background: Neonatal septicemia is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs and symptoms caused by a bacterial infection and gives positive blood culture in the first month of life. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve the outcomes. The present study brings out a quick and cost- effective Hematological Scoring System that enables early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis

Method: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramoodu, Thiruvananthapuram over 1 year. Eighty neonates with clinical suspicion of sepsis were studied with respect to their peripheral smear findings, blood culture and C-reactive protein levels.

Result: Among the eighty cases, twelve neonates were culture positive. Male gender and late- onset of sepsis were the significant risk parameters. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common isolated organisms. Of the different parameters studied I:T ratio and Absolute neutrophil count showed the highest specificity and immature neutrophil count had the highest sensitivity. Forty-one percent of neonates had a high Hematological Scoring System score. The specificity of Hematological Scoring System with a score > 5 was 92%

Conclusion: Hematological Scoring System is a cost-effective, rapid and easy to perform screening test that can be used to rule out sepsis thus avoiding unnecessary administration of antibiotics to unaffected babies. It should be adopted as a routine screening procedure by minimally qualified rural doctors with minimal resources to ensure appropriate action immediately for children with high index of suspicion of sepsis.
Integrated urban water resources management strategy for a smart city in India
Authors: Chandran S. , Thiruchelve S. R. , Dhanasekarapandian M.
Published: November 2020

Economic growth of any nation like India depends on growth of cities. In India 31% of the total population exists in urban areas. The smart city mission of India was established with the objective to deliver the basic requirements of the citizens in a sustainable manner. Madurai city located at Peninsular India with a 1.4 million population was taken for this study. The objective was to develop an integrated urban water management strategy after analysing all the components of the urban water cycle such as rainfall, runoff, groundwater and wastewater. The population forecast for 2021 was carried out for the Local Planning Area of 726.34 km2 and the water demand was calculated as 109 Mm3/year. To meet the demand, runoff from the average rainfall was estimated as 393 Mm3/yr using the SCS-CN method. The storage capacity in the water bodies to store the surface water was estimated as 156 Mm3/yr and groundwater recharge potential was estimated as 22 Mm3/yr. The integrated urban water management strategy developed, shows that there is a huge potential for rainwater storage at the surface level and subsequent recharge through artificial recharge techniques.
Aumento da Arrecadação: Criar Novas Recebedorias Federais Não Atinge o Objetivo
Authors: Viana Paulo Coriolano Tunis
Published: November 2020

Estuda o presente trabalho a criação de novas Recebedorias Federais, na conformidade do que dispõem os projetos de Lei nº 2.397-60 e 4 014-62. O autor, chefe da S.F.C., do Ministério da Fazenda, demonstra a inconveniência de aprovação, pelo Legislativo, dos mencionados projetos. Para tanto, enumera, uma série de razões e argumentos contrários às disposições dos mesmos, destacando-se, entre eles, as dispendiosas manutenção  de tais organismos: a sua inaptidão, comprovada na pratica, para atingir suas finalidades, no rápido atendimento do contribuinte: a transferência de atribuições próprias, já postas em pratica, a organismos privados, em demonstração ostensiva de incapacidade; e vários outros que, no parecer do autor, condenam, até as Recebedorias Federais já existentes. Para fortalecer a defesa de sua tese vale-se de estatísticas, demonstrando que, em 1962 as 16 maiores Coletorias Federais, situadas quase todas em S. Paulo, com apenas 158 funcionários arrecadaram mais que a Recebedoria Federal do Estado da Guanabara, com 306 funcionários. Mas, o trunfo decisivo do autor é a afirmação de que cerca de 500 órgãos arrecadadores, pelo menos tem arrecadação inferior às despesas das próprias manutenções.
Reforma Administrativa Plano de Execução
Authors: Enap RSP
Published: November 2020

A opinião pública parece disposta não só a aceitar, senão a exigir que o Governo proceda, sem mais delongas, às chamadas reformas de base. Os grupos mais atuantes — os políticos, escritores, artistas, professores, os titulares das várias profissões liberais, jornalistas e vários outros — vão-se tornando pregoeiros cônscios desse imperativo nacional. Dentre as reformas chamadas de base, a agrária é considerada premente. No momento em que os problemas de abastecimento se agravam em todo o território nacional, sua necessidade parece mais aguda.
Perspectivas na Elaboração Orçamentária
Authors: Rosa Pedro Koscky
Published: November 2020

Para um estudante de Ciências Sociais, no nosso entender, a principal dificuldade que se apresenta na compreensão exata de algum componente social, consiste, precisamente, em vislumbrar os meios, as formas, e os limites, com que cada componente particular concreto dado participa existencialmente de uma realidade social global maior. No que concerne ao assunto deste trabalho, esse componente dado seria o "Orçamento da União”, que por inumeráveis caminhos vincula-se existencialmente ao "processus" da sociedade global brasileira, da qual faz parte integrante e inseparável.
Educar para a Democracia
Authors: Lopes Tomás de vilanova Monteiro
Published: November 2020

A adaptação à vida social frequentemente exige que as tendências, os impulsos, os interesses do indivíduo sejam contidos e até mesmo contrariados. Raramente o ajustamento dos valores individuais às formas de conduta que a coletividade sancionou como necessárias ou convenientes ao seu desenvolvimento se processa de outra maneira. Mesmo na mais pura democracia, as acomodações indispensáveis à realização dos interesses coletivos são frequentemente obtidas mediante a repressão das tendências, dos sentimentos e das atitudes do indivíduo. Mesmo a mais pura democracia tem suas leis, seus princípios, cuja observância é garantida por um mecanismo de coação, diante do qual o indivíduo tem de curvar-se, ainda que para isso precise sacrificar o que há de mais natural e espontâneo em si mesmo.
Chefia e Liderança
Authors: Rios José de Almeida
Published: November 2020

Dadas as diversidades de organização de empresas, os sistemas governamentais nunca iguais, apesar de obedecerem a certos fundamentos doutrinários, às características de administração, especialmente no domínio oficial torna-se difícil conceituar ortodoxamente o que seja chefia e liderança. Contudo, em bases gerais e doutrinárias, será possível um pensamento uniforme ao identificarmos os dois termos como uma capacitação para influenciar outras pessoas quando grupadas, definindo em conjunto um esforço coordenado para perseguir objetivos comuns passando por finalidade. Desde logo verificamos que certos atributos e qualidades, positivos e negativos que permanecem no indivíduo e prevalentes de sua fase primária instintiva, obriga a que um chefe e um líder necessitem ter habilidade para conduzi-los, discipliná-los e conjugá-los objetivando a realização de uma tarefa. Assim, pois, em que pese o avanço da tecnologia, que é ciência, técnica e organização, acessível a qualquer que tenha capacidade prevalente para aprendê-la, alguma coisa mais existe que é uma capacitação segmentária a que chamaríamos “Vocação”. Isto, nada mais representa do que a arte de chefiar e dirigir.
Por que não Combinar a Classificação de Cargos Com a Organização de Serviços?
Authors: Cardoso Mary
Published: November 2020

Acredita a maioria dos administradores que a melhor maneira pela qual pode desempenhar as tarefas que lhe são confiadas consiste em dividi-las em especialidades, como orçamento e pessoal, e subdividir pessoal em diferentes áreas, tais como enquadramento e relações de trabalho, esta última por sua vez subdividida em orientação e administração — e assim por diante, numa dúzia de outras especialidades. Esperam eles conseguir maiores vantagens, com a mais profunda penetração que tal subdivisão torna possível, do que desvantagens, que resultariam do perigo de ver as coisas pela rama e do esforço extra de coordenação exigido para que se obtivesse uma unidade de propósito. Mas, por que correr o risco, quando não é necessário? Quero me referir a duas subdivisões no campo da administração federal, denominadas classificação de cargos e organização e exame de métodos.
A Propósito de um Livro Sobre Administração de Pessoal
Authors: Enap RSP
Published: November 2020

Querer negar à administração a sua importância de fenômeno social permanente, seria pretender mutilar os dados da História, com o olhar defeituoso de quem nela procurasse apenas descobrir os elementos de uma definição exclusivista da atividade humana. Nem o econômico, nem o jurídico, bastam para explicar, por si sós, a presença de instituições administrativas, que se constituíram por toda parte, no mais remoto ou recente período de civilização. Elas resultam, necessariamente, das contingências da vida social e refletem, em termos globais, o estágio de desenvolvimento de uma sociedade. São, por assim dizer, a imagem do progresso material e cultural porventura existente: as instituições administrativas — ou a administração — buscam, primordialmente, a consecução de objetivos sociais, com o máximo de rendimento e o mínimo de dispêndio, inclusive, de tempo.
O Instituto da Readaptação Preconizado peta Lei N º3.780, de 12 de Julho de 1960
Authors: Silva Corsíndio Monteiro da
Published: November 2020

A readaptação visa a retificar o enquadramento e dele decorre. Refere-se à situação do funcionário, enquanto o enquadramento objetivou os cargos e funções existentes à data da Lei n9 3.780, de 12 de julho de 1960. Em princípio, a readaptação, em sua essência, é no interesse da administração. Tanto que pode ser efetuada para classe de nível inferior, embora sem acarretar redução de vencimentos. A despeito desse princípio, assegura a lei ao funcionário o direito de optar. A "necessidade absoluta do serviço" é um dos requisitos essenciais para a configuração do desvio de função.
População brasileira, uma análise da distribuição de seus grupos profissionais
Authors: Filgueiras Dulcy Melgaço
Published: November 2020

Antes de se iniciar um estudo da estrutura da população ativa brasileira. torna-se necessário reproduzirem-se aqui alguns conceitos bem como algumas palavras sobre a evolução econômica de nosso país que permitam a compreensão dos fenômenos populacionais ocorridos no passado e observados ainda nos últimos anos.
Alguns equívocos em torno da classificação decimal universal
Authors: Fonseca Edson Nery da
Published: November 2020

Em artigo publicado nesta revista, (1) o Professor Álvaro Pôrto Moitinho “catedrático de Ciência da Administração na Universidade do Brasil e conhecido especialista em Economia e Racionalização Administrativa”  apontou alguns aperfeiçoamentos que a seu ver, devem ser introduzidos na Classificação Decimal Universal (CDU).
Delegação de poderes a instituições autônomas
Authors: Tácido Caio
Published: November 2020

Nos relatórios apresentados pela Seção Brasileira às Mesas-Redondas de Opatija (1957) e Liège (1958) foi examinado o processo de descentralização administrativa no Brasil, de acordo com os questionários elaborados pelos respectivos relatores gerais. As contribuições oferecidas, na oportunidade, pelo D r. Antônio Gonçalves de Oliveira e pelo autor do presente trabalho informaram, amplamente, sobre o regime das autarquias, sociedades de economia mista e fundações, no direito brasileiro, como formas de execução do serviço público por meio de entes personalizados e autônomos.
A matemática no direito da propriedade da União
Authors: Santos Nelson Nacimento
Published: November 2020

Como na determinação do foro, taxa e laudêmio, fazemo-lo em função do domínio pleno do terreno e este é expresso em milhares de cruzeiros, por uma questão de simplicidade (mesmo porque as nossas explanações não se destinam somente a engenheiros e matemáticos), trataremos de determinar os valores numéricos das diferentes fórmulas, apresentadas em deduções anteriores, para mil cruzeiros de domínio pleno do terreno, primeiramente. Em seguida, para obtenção do resultado final, o problema fica reduzido apenas a uma simples multiplicação por tantos milhares de cruzeiros quantos são os contidos no domínio pleno do terreno.
Da necessidade do registro prévio
Authors: Coutinho Joaquim Henrique
Published: November 2020

Desde que se cogitou da realização de Congressos Internacionais das Instituições de Controle das Finanças Públicas coloquei-me, decididamente, ao lado dos que prestigiavam a ideia, porque sempre entendi que do debate livre e sincero dos problemas comuns dos povos só poderão resultar soluções efetivas e harmoniosas, quaisquer que sejam esses problemas e os interesses que os envolvam.
Notas sobre relações públicas
Authors: Cavalcante Myriam
Published: November 2020

Desse crescente interêsse pelo estudo das relações humanas, surgiram numerosas atividades a que poderemos chamar administração de pessoal, relações no trabalho ou outro nome que lhe queiramos dar. Cada uma dessas atividades se propõe a estudar as atitudes, as reações, as necessidades dos indivíduos em seu meio ambiente. Muitos desses esforços têm sido utilizados. sentido de proporcionar melhores relações entre trabalhadores, supervisores e administradores, enfim, melhores relações no trabalho, resultando dai um acentuado progresso.
Concurso de monografias sobre administração municipal
Authors: RSP Revista do Serviço Público
Published: November 2020

Instituir um concurso de monografias sobre administração municipal, o qual se regerá pelo seguinte regulamento:
Factores asociados a las actitudes y prácticas preventivas frente a la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Yupari-Azabache Irma Luz , Díaz-Ortega Jorge , Rodríguez-Diaz Angela , Peralta-Iparraguirre Ana
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar si existe relación entre los factores biológicos, sociales y culturales con las actitudes y prácticas preventivas frente a la pandemia del COVID-19 en ciudadanos de Trujillo- Perú. Material y Métodos: Tipo de estudio descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo y diseño correlacional, prospectivo, de corte transversal. Mediante un cuestionario previamente validado se tomaron datos de ciertos factores biológicos, sociales y culturales, así como de las actitudes y prácticas preventivas frente al COVID-19 en 185 ciudadanos de Trujillo. Por encontrarnos en cuarentena debido a la emergencia sanitaria, la recolección de datos se realizó de manera virtual. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que ciudadanos de 18 a 29 años tienen actitudes inadecuas (12.4%), con prácticas preventivas inadecuadas (8.6%) y también que ser de sexo masculino constituye un riesgo para tener actitud y practica inadecuada. También existen ciudadanos que son solteros o convivientes, no tienen hijos y tienen actitudes inadecuadas (14.1%) y prácticas inadecuadas (13%). Conclusiónes: De los factores biológicos la edad y el sexo se asocian a las actitudes y prácticas preventivas frente a la pandemia, de los sociales, el estado civil y la tenencia de hijos se asocian a las actitudes y prácticas preventivas frente a la pandemia, y del cultural el tener conocimiento de la enfermedad y de las acciones a tomar se asocia con las prácticas preventivas frente a la pandemia del COVID-19.
Management of maxillary impacted canines: A prospective study of practitioners’ preferences (Preprint)
Authors: ALQAHTANI HAMAD
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Objective: To investigate orthodontists’ approach concerning managing maxillary impacted canines (MIC). Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising a comprehensive survey with 22 questions was sent to practicing orthodontists. This study explored the preferred diagnostic measures, surgical techniques, materials, and mechanics utilized to manage MIC;104 responses were returned. Results: Palatal impaction was reported to be encountered more often by 60% of the respondents. In 62% of the respondents, an oral and maxillofacial surgeon was the specialist preferred to perform the surgical exposure. In 66%, the choice of required surgical techniques was reported as a joint decision between orthodontists and other specialists who perform the surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was reported to be the diagnostic X-ray of choice. The gold button with a chain was the preferred bonded attachment in 86% of cases. Less than half of the respondents bonded the attachments themselves during surgical exposure. A clear plastic retainer was the preferred retainer in 61% of the respondents, and 43% of the respondents tended to use a closed exposure technique. Coe-pakTM was the preferred surgical pack for orthodontists who prefer an open exposure technique. Piggyback (double wire) was the preferable mechanic to move a palatally impacted canine. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that there are variations among orthodontists on how to manage MICs concerning diagnostic methods, surgical management, materials, and mechanics.
BOŞLUK, FORM VE MALZEME ÇERÇEVESİNDE HEYKELDE MİMARİ, MİMARİDE HEYKEL EĞİLİMLERİ
Authors: ALP Seval
Published: November 2020

Heykel ve mimarinin tarihsel süreç boyunca devam eden iletişimleri endüstri devrimi ve buna bağlı gelişmelerle birlikte değişime uğramıştır. Çalışma alanları arasındaki sınırların ortadan kalkması ve her iki alanın birbirinin üretim süreçlerinden faydalanması bu alanların birbirleri ile olan etkileşimlerini arttırmıştır.
Heykel ve mimarinin bu etkileşiminin temel unsurların başında soyut kavramı, buna bağlı olarak gelişen geometrik form kullanımı ve yeni malzemelerin getirdiği yenilikler yer alır. Bunların yanı sıra heykelin kaideden uzaklaşmasıyla boşluk kavramının yeniden sorgulanması, mimaride temel formları parçalanarak boşluğun önem kazanması, her iki alanın mekan anlayışlarındaki değişimler de, heykelsi mimari ve mimarimsi heykel kavramlarının ortaya çıkmasındaki etkenler olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Bu çalışma her iki alanın birbiriyle olan ilişkisini, soyut kavramı, form, boşluk, malzeme ve strüktür çerçevesinde ele alarak mimarimsi heykel ve heykelsi mimari yaklaşımlarını örnekler çerçevesinde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
The role of hospital pharmacists in clinical practice of hospital pharmaceutical care: a review
Authors: TIAN TIANYUAN , TANG Gui-ju , Wang Ji-Ting , Xu Yong , Li Ya-Ling
Published: November 2020

With the changes of the times and the growth of public demand for
medical services, the service objects, service contents and service
approaches of hospital pharmacists are also changing and increasing. By
summarizing the changes of hospital pharmacists’ practice in hospitals
and their contributions to the improvement of hospital service quality
in the practice of hospital pharmaceutical care, this paper hopes that
more doctors, nurses and patients can have a more in-depth understanding
of the specific work of pharmacists, which, at the same time, will also
provide some reference for pharmacists at home and abroad to optimize
the level of pharmaceutical care. Compared with doctors and nurses,
hospital pharmacists have a much more systematic and professional drug
knowledge system and service concept, which can guarantee that they can
undertake the responsibilities of rational use of drugs, control of
medical expenditure, guarantee of efficacy, reduction of medical risks,
reduction of doctors’ workload, improvement of national health and so
on. After years of practice and research, pharmacists have gradually
realized their own value and established professional needs through
hospital pharmaceutical care.
Colored revolutions as a part of the hybrid war
Authors: Djurkovic Misa
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the author analyzes the phenomenon of so-called colored
revolutions. He presents them as part of a hybrid war, aimed at regime
change in countries that are in conflict with Anglo-American and corporate
interests. The work of Gene Sharp, Machiavelli of the nonviolent warfare,
and then of the organization Resistance and its later transformation into
Canvas is analyzed. Article displays the evolution of these methods, but
also points to potential counter-intelligence activities that protect
countries from colored revolutions and violent coups.
Socio-demographic profile of juvenile delinquent in Serbia
Authors: Cikic Jovana , Bilinovic-Rajacic Ana , Kojic Milena
Published: November 2020

In this paper, there are analyzed data on socio-demographic characteristics
of juvenile delinquents in Serbia. The evidence of the Statistical Office of
the Republic of Serbia have been used for this purpose. The reference period
for the analysis is between 2005, after the adoption of the new Law on
Juvenile Offenders (2005) and 2016. The analysis is based on two research
questions: a) what the socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile
delinquents are and b) whether the observed characteristics change within the
analyzed period. Based on identified characteristics, the aim of the analysis
is to point out the possible factors that shape the juvenile delinquency, its
features and change in contemporary Serbian society. The analysis has shown:
a) previously observed oscillating trend in total number of cases of juvenile
delinquency, b) low ratio of juvenile delinquents in total number of
offenders with the modest tendency of increase during the analyzed period and
c) moderate changes towards diversity of offenses. According to the data,
typical juvenile offender is male, with no formal elementary education and
often a dropout. Among convicted, one third lives in single-parent families.
Observed typical characteristics do not necessarily cause juvenile
delinquency among youngsters but may have a warning effect, especially if
they act simultaneously, superposing mutual impacts and generating new risks.
SKAP2, a Candidate Gene for Type 1 Diabetes, Regulates β-Cell Apoptosis and Glycemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Patients
Authors: Fløyel Tina , Meyerovich Kira , Prause Michala C. , Kaur Simranjeet , Frørup Caroline , Mortensen Henrik B. , Nielsen Lotte B. , Pociot Flemming , Cardozo Alessandra K. , Størling Joachim
Published: November 2020

The single nucleotide polymorphism rs7804356 located in the Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2) gene is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D), suggesting SKAP2 as a causal candidate gene. The objective of the study was to investigate if SKAP2 has a functional role in the β-cells in relation to T1D. In a cohort of children with newly diagnosed T1D, rs7804356 predicted glycemic control and residual β-cell function during the 1st year after diagnosis. In INS-1E cells and rat and human islets, proinflammatory cytokines reduced the content of SKAP2. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of SKAP2 aggravated cytokine-induced apoptosis in INS-1E cells and primary rat β-cells, suggesting an antiapoptotic function of SKAP2. In support of this, overexpression of SKAP2 afforded protection against cytokine-induced apoptosis, which correlated with reduced nuclear content of S536-phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit p65, lower nitric oxide production, and diminished CHOP expression indicative of decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress. Knockdown of CHOP partially counteracted the increase in cytokine-induced apoptosis caused by SKAP2 knockdown. In conclusion, our results suggest that SKAP2 controls β-cell sensitivity to cytokines possibly by affecting the NF-κB–inducible nitric oxide synthase–endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
The Past, Present, and Future of Parkinson's Disease Treatment
Authors: Park Soyeon
Published: November 2020

Parkinson’s Disease was first introduced by James Parkinson in 1817. Since then, major strides have been made in the development of its treatment. Early treatments were dominated by traditional and complementary therapies, which were largely serendipitous and observation-based. Especially, the use of anticholinergics by Jean-Martin Charcot and his student Ordenstein prevailed in the late 20th century. Current drug-based therapies manifest in the form of levodopa accompanied by dopamine agonist, COMT inhibitor, or MAO-B inhibitor, for the purpose of reducing the levodopa-induced symptom fluctuation. In terms of surgical treatment, while ablative surgeries in the brain have been abandoned due to high mortality rate in the late 1900s, Deep Brain Stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus or internal globus pallidus has mostly replaced ablative surgeries since its introduction in 1987. Current research topics include non-dopaminergic agents for motor fluctuation reduction, transplantation of dopaminergic neurons, gene therapies using viral vectors, reduction of alpha-synuclein neurotoxicity, and neuroprotective therapies. Especially, due to the fact that the etiology of the disease is yet to be elucidated, neuroprotective therapies aimed at slowing or stopping disease progression are of particular interest. It is suggested that future research should aim towards clarifying the cause of the disease, for the development of a treatment that can permanently halt or reverse Parkinson’s Disease-related neurodegeneration.
Liquidity in Asian Financial Markets: Crowding Out or Spillover Effect
Authors: Thukral Sonal , Sikka Rahul
Published: November 2020

The paper attempts to explore the relationship between the stock market and the corporate bond market, with a focus on the inter-dependency of liquidity between the two markets. The study employs a panel dataset to assess the impact of stock market liquidity on the corporate bond market liquidity for top five Asian economies (ranked by GDP) for the period 2008-2017. In contrast to limited number of earlier studies that reported a spillover effect of liquidity among the markets for stock and government bonds, the results of the present study convey that an increase in stock market liquidity tends to eat up the liquidity of the corporate bonds, even after controlling for government bond yield and inflation rate changes. The findings indicate a crowding out effect instead of a spillover effect, as indicated by related studies. The ‘flight-to-quality’ argument provides one possible explanation of liquidity moving away from one market to the other. This has an implication that if regulators’ policies are focused in developing only one type of market, it may crowd out the liquidity and the development of the other market. The study suggests the government to focus more on corporate bond market, which is yet to flourish in the Asian markets as compared to its stock market counterparts. The paper is one of the few attempts that focus on the corporate bond market and its liquidity and aims to ignite a debate on the possible linkages between liquidity of corporate bond market and the stock market.