bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marian Stelmasik - pedagog i wirtuoz koloru
Authors: Żukowska Anna Marta
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest pamięci profesora Mariana Stelmasika (1931-1995), artysty i pedagoga, który większość swojego życia spędził w Lublinie, będąc ważną postacią tego środowiska. W tekście podjęto próbę przybliżenia zarówno losów życia Mariana Stelmasika, jak i warunków w jakich przebiegała jego edukacja artystyczna w krakowskiej Akademii Sztuk Pięknych. Aspekt kształcenia posiadał szczególne znaczenie zważywszy, że artysta odbył studia u wybitnych artystów z kręgu polskiego koloryzmu. Fascynacja kolorem i naturą, a na dalszym etapie twórczości podążanie w kierunku abstrakcji, towarzyszyły mu do końca jego życia. Niewzruszony na przemijające trendy i nowinki malarskie, wierny swoim malarskim ideałom stał się reprezentantem lubelskiego koloryzmu. Marian Stelmasik  we wszystkich sferach swojej aktywności - zarówno artystycznej, jak i dydaktycznej - postrzegany był przez swoich wychowanków i przyjaciół jako osoba życzliwa, wrażliwa o bardzo wysokim stopniu kultury.
Pedagogia uczestnictwa Teresy Strzembosz (1930-1970)
Authors: Parzyszek Magdalena
Published: December 2021

W prezentowanym artykule została podjęta próba przybliżenia czytelnikowi postaci Teresy Strzembosz (1930-1970) i inicjatyw przez nią podejmowanych. Próba uchwycenia działalności od pomocy konkretnym osobom potrzebującym wsparcia poprzez zorganizowanie pomocy parafialnej o zasięgu ogólnopolskim w obszarze poradnictwa rodzinnego. Można tu zauważyć działania zapobiegające społecznemu złu moralnemu (poradnictwo małżeńskie i rodzinne) oraz działania mające cel religijny (życie małżonków w stanie łaski).
Senegaleses en Buenos Aires: Estrategias comunitarias pre y durante pandemia
Authors: Kleidermacher Gisele , Murguía-Cruz Nélida Abril
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo analizamos estrategias llevadas a cabo por el colectivo senegalés residente en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Algunas de estas prácticas se vinculan al carácter transnacional de esta migración, otras son estrategias que han adoptado para sortear los obstáculos cotidianos, muchos de ellos producto de trabas migratorias y laborales que impone la ciudad, otros debido a las diferencias lingüísticas y la falta de políticas para comunidades no hispanohablantes. Asimismo, analizamos nuevas estrategias que han desarrollado para sobrellevar la situación de aislamiento obligatorio por COVID-19.

En este artículo buscamos combinar las aproximaciones y experiencias de las autoras, desde las ciencias sociales y la glotopolítica. La metodología parte de un enfoque cualitativo basado en trabajo de campo efectuado entre 2015 y la actualidad. Las entrevistas en profundidad han sido realizadas a senegaleses residentes en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y a líderes de organizaciones en las que participan. Por su parte, las observaciones se hicieron en el marco de nuestro acercamiento a la comunidad y sus espacios, y de la participación en organizaciones con las que se relacionan. Encontramos que, frente a las dificultades en el destino, la comunidad senegalesa dispone de un amplio acervo de estrategias para sobrellevarlas.
La migración infantil sin acompañamiento en territorio mexicano
Authors: Pérez Akaki Pablo , Mendoza Flores Aidé
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este articulo es explicar la condición de los menores sin acompañamiento en territorio mexicano, los riesgos a los que se enfrentan y las respuestas oficiales que se han tenido frente al fenómeno. Con el objetivo de que los actores más relevantes puedan mejorar su intervención y contribuir a aumentar los recursos personales con los que cuenta la niñez para hacer frente a su situación, se hizo una recopilación de la normativa e instrumentos nacionales e internacionales más relevantes. Finalmente, se recalca la importancia que han tenido las organizaciones de la sociedad civil mediante sus acciones de responsabilidad social para hacer frente a las problemáticas derivadas de la migración infantil.
ЭМИГРАЦИЯ КАК УГРОЗА НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Аслаханова С.А. , Эрсиев С.-Х.С.-Х.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассмотрена миграция в различных ее проявлениях, проведена граница между эмиграцией и иммигра-цией, в том числе через ретроспектив-ный анализ, обозначены последствия эмиграции и пути минимизации ее нега-тивных проявлений. В Российской Феде-рации для обеспечения национальной без-опасности, помимо прочего, регулиру-ются миграционные процессы, вместе с тем статистические данные, приведен-ные в работе, показывают снижение уровня и качества жизни в Российской Федерации, что является триггером для оттока экономически активного населе-ния страны в более преуспевающие страны Западной Европы. На фоне от-тока собственного населения страну за-полняют иностранные гастарбайтеры, что способствует дисбалансу в каче-ственном развитии страны и ее государ-ственности. В настоящей статье обра-щается внимание на то, что необходимо активно конкурировать за человеческие ресурсы, которые в глобальном мире об-рели такое качество, как мобильность.
БИЗНЕС-МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ И МОДЕЛИ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ В МАРКЕТИНГОВОЙ СРЕДЕ
Authors: Хабиева З.Д.
Published: December 2021

Актуальность темы статьи обусловлена тем, что в нашей стране бизнес-моделирование как эффективная форма управления организацией применяется пока еще крайне ограниченно. Моделиро-вание часто рассматривается как ком-плекс маркетинговой деятельности и часто идентифицируется с производ-ственным планом и сбытовой деятель-ностью или с одной из неотъемлемых функций управления (исследования или коммуникации). Тем не менее в последнее время значительно повысился и интерес к бизнес-моделированию как к инстру-менту эффективного управления органи-зацией. В статье рассматриваются внутренние и внешние факторы эффек-тивности функционирования бизнес-среды организации и основные принципы маркетинговой среды.
ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО СНАБЖЕНИЯ ОРГАНОВ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Хагаева А.В. , Исаева А.И.
Published: December 2021

Сегодня наша страна переживает до-статочно непростой период, поэтому очень важно быстро и эффективно пре-образить привычную экономику страны в цифровую, интеллектуальную. Только таким образом можно достичь ста-бильного развития государства. В про-тивном случае будут и дальше возникать различные кризисы в экономической и со-циальной жизни. В результате Россия очень сильно отстанет от других стран в социально-экономическом и технологи-ческом плане, поскольку будет наблю-даться политический дисбаланс. В этой связи особую актуальность приобрета-ют вопросы изучения и обобщения зару-бежного опыта информационного обес-печения деятельности органов местного самоуправления. Представлен обзор ин-формации по информационному обеспе-чению деятельности органов власти за рубежом.
АНАЛИЗ СОСТОЯНИЯ БЮДЖЕТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ И ФИНАНСОВОГО РЫНКА ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Эскиев М.А. , Бексултанова Х.А.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрены и определены ос-новные проблемы и пути решения финан-сового рынка Чеченской Республики. Проведен анализ функционирования бюджетной системы региона, раскрыта роль финансов в эффективном развитии бюджетной системы. Проведено иссле-дование влияния эффективной бюджет-ной системы на общее социально-экономи-ческое развитие региона и страны в целом.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ
Authors: Юсупова Т.А.
Published: December 2021

На данный момент в деятельности мно-гих российских фирм наблюдается акти-визация процесса переоснащения капи-тала на уровне техники и технологии, а также внебюджетных средств, выде-ленных для поддержания инновационного процесса на федеральном и региональном уровне. Следует отметить, что на пути к инновациям российская экономика встречает немало препятствий, заклю-чающихся прежде всего в несоответ-ствии объемов и структуры финансово-го обеспечения масштабности взятых на себя обязательств. Повсеместно наблю-дается элементарная неготовность эко-номики к внедрению инновационных раз-работок. Имеющийся инновационный потенциал в хозяйственных субъектах недостаточен и не может быстро при-способиться к новым научным достиже-ниям, ввиду чего внедрение их в произ-водство происходит замедленными тем-пами.
ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Газиева Л.Р.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы стратегического планирования, так как, основываясь на теоретической и мето-дологической информации, проводится исследование вопросов стратегического плана и процесса его реализации. Стра-тегическое планирование – это необхо-димое условие выживания и развития в современных рыночных условиях, так как успех компании заключается в умении учитывать максимально возможные факторы внешней и внутренней среды при формулировании стратегических планов. Необходимо тщательно оценить все возможности компании, сформули-ровать четкие и достижимые цели, иметь ресурсы для их достижения.
ПСИХОЛОГИЯ ЛИДЕРСТВА КАК СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ЯВЛЕНИЕ В МЕНЕДЖМЕНТЕ
Authors: Идигова Л.М. , Насуханов А.С. , Тукаев Ю.И.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье изучены и рассмотрены основные процессы становления индиви-да как лидера, а также исследования и наблюдения таких известных личностей, как Томас Карлейль, Габриэль Тард, Фридрих Ницше, Хосе Ортега-и-Гассет и др.
Авторами в статье анализируются множество факторов и характеристик, предложенных различными известными личностями, делающих человека эффек-тивным руководителем. В статье сделан вывод о том, что лидеры организаций всех видов для осуществления своих пол-номочий на продолжительное время обя-заны уметь гибко реагировать на изме-нения внешней и внутренней среды и пра-вильно подбирать тип поведения на их основе. Как отмечено в статье, это по-лучается далеко не у всех, а лишь у не-многих. Как правило, менеджеры следу-ют одному стилю руководства с самого начала своей деятельности, который, например, проявил эффективность в условиях становления организации, но абсолютно не подходит в рамках уско-ренного ее развития.
СТРАТЕГИЯ СКРЫТОГО МАРКЕТИНГА: ИСТОКИ, ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ
Authors: Идигова Л.М. , Патий И.А. , Садулаева Х.Х.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрены и изучены стра-тегические направления скрытого мар-кетинга как способа продвижения сферы бизнеса, при котором в сети online или offline появляются рекомендации, косвен-но влияющие на решение людей. Самым распространенным примером считается ситуация, когда компания платит деньги знаменитостям за рекламу того или ино-го продукта. В последнее десятилетие скрытый маркетинг получает все боль-шее признание. Однако результаты его применения остаются сложной задачей для маркетологов, поскольку их невоз-можно точно измерить, учитывая, что такие кампании очень редко раскрыва-ются. В данной статье представлены современные проявления стратегии скрытого маркетинга, а также сравне-ние их со своим предшественником – ви-русным маркетингом.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РЕИНЖИНИРИНГА БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ НА МАЛОМ
ПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИИ
Authors: Илаева З.М. , Юнусов М.Р.
Published: December 2021

Когда предприятие обнаруживает, что оно становится менее конкурентоспо-собным, оно обычно вкладывает значи-тельные средства в информационные технологии, чтобы повысить свою кон-курентоспособность. В данной статье рассмотрен процесс применения реин-жиниринга бизнес-процессов промыш-ленного предприятия в Чеченской Рес-публике, а также выявлено, что компь-ютеры широко используются для повы-шения эффективности процессов, скоро-сти, обслуживания, качества и т.д. Од-нако многие задачи и процессы возникли еще до появления компьютеров. Если, применяя информационные технологии, предприятие не переосмысливает и не оптимизирует свои процессы и органи-зационную реструктуризацию, а вместо этого просто использует компьютеры для ускорения ведения существующих процессов, результаты, вероятно, будут неудовлетворительными. В исследовании этих процессов заключается актуаль-ность темы данной статьи. То есть, ес-ли предприятие пытается осуществить реинжиниринг бизнес-процессов или ор-ганизационную реструктуризацию с ис-пользованием традиционной структуры управления, механизм управления станет более сложным и могут возникнуть от-рицательные результаты; на самом деле предприятие может оказаться в чрез-вычайно опасной ситуации и показать худшую производительность, чем она могла бы быть в противном случае.
Pneumonia in the Covid-19 Era – Emergency Room Physician’s Perspective. Part II – Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Kawecki Dariusz , Majewska Anna
Published: December 2021

In case of suspected pneumonia, as part of the work of the physician at the Emergency Department, imaging examinations and laboratory testing, including microbiological tests, can be used to confirm diagnosis. However, all diagnostic options have their limitations. Clinical and laboratory signs are nonspecific in most patients and are frequently present in other severe conditions. Biomarkers, have more value in ruling out particular etiology of infection than in establishing a definitive diagnosis. Similarly, errors in radiological interpretation occur relatively frequently. However, despite these limitations it is important that patients at high risk of severe course of disease and death receive appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic support from the suspicion of infection. The assessing of pneumonia severity is critical to make decisions regarding patient management, in particular, it is needed to decide on: site-of-care, scope of tests needed, urgency of the therapy, type of therapy. Viruses are an important cause of pneumonia and require early recognition. As a result of the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, patients with clinical symptoms suggestive of pneumonia are treated with the highest attention. According to instructions by the Polish Ministry of Health, the principles of triage and separation should be adapted taking into account a suspicion of Covid-19. It is important to test patients for the presence of the virus. The indications for testing as well as virological methods vary from the beginning of the pandemic, depending on the epidemiological situation. The current pandemic makes it even more difficult to manage patients with pneumonia.
Archetypal Posturing of Soyinka’s Stylistic Modes in the Trials of Brother Jero
Authors: Teiko Nii Okain
Published: December 2021

Soyinka’s deep immersion in mythology coupled with his stylistic modes in the portraiture of the archetypal trickster hero, as utilized in some of his comic plays, demonstrate a genius whose creative works anchor both the collective universal literary tradition and a domesticated form that defines his uniqueness. Drawing interpretive insights from Frye’s archetypal criticism and the Jungian psychology, this essay examines how Soyinka appropriates the archetypal figure as a monumental image in the play, The Trials of Brother Jero, and how his stylistic choices in the handling of the hero craft a new psycho-social role of picaresque mythology.
The Effect of LLS Instruction on the Use of Writing Strategies in English by Foreign Postgraduate Students in India
Authors: Alshaghel Mona , Pappuswamy Dr. Umarani
Published: December 2021

This study intends to examine the impact of Strategy-Based Instruction on the strategy use by foreign post-graduate students, studying at two universities in India while writing in English. A total of one hundred students, who are non-native speakers of English,  participated in this study. Fifty students in the experimental group received writing instruction through an online platform. The results were compared to their fifty counterparts in the control group. All the participants received an adapted version of the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SIIL) Questionnaire and a Writing Questionnaire as the pretest and posttest. Descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests were run to analyze the data using SPSS. The findings showed that students who received language learning strategy instruction recorded higher scores than the students who did not receive any kind of instruction towards the skill of writing academic essays. The results revealed that students’ use of strategies in writing increased noticeably after strategy instruction and implied that students can be trained to use language-learning strategies successfully in their writing through direct strategy instruction.
A Beginning to Existing: Understanding Colin Wilson’s “Outsiderism” in ‘Ritual In The Dark’ - An Eastern Perspective
Authors: Kumar Sanjay
Published: December 2021

The phenomenon of “Outsiderism” found in the works of Colin Wilson has both individual and social implications which are intrinsically evolutionary. Wilson takes a stock of this ‘evolutionary man’ and concludes that ‘outsider is a god in making. The ‘Outsider’ is a state of consciousness which recognizes both duality and non-duality, but strives to leave the former and hold the later. Like an Eastern Yogi, these ‘outsiders’ have a strong recognition that life in its ‘ordinariness’ generates ennui which is bereft of any meaning and purpose. They indulge in all such actions, though momentarily, with intent of bringing intensity to their consciousness. Wilson contends that human energy can manifest in all possible negative and positive forms, but in the outsider state, these energies begin to integrate which leads to the realization that mankind’s freedom lies in religious attitude wherein a human being reconnects with its inner sources. It is interesting to understand the complex character of the “outsider” that Wilson has created in both his fiction and non-fiction and hold him as an alter ego to the eastern sannyasin, who having some glimpses of the other modes of being and torn by his own inner and outer conflicts is desperate to cast off the slough of his trivial worldly existence and metamorphose into a god.  This paper is an attempt to understand the Wilsonian outsider with specific reference to the novel ‘Ritual in the Dark.’ The study will be carried out from the perspective of Eastern mysticism so as to find out, whether such outsiders are Western sannyasins engaged in a similar self-quest, and who having traversed through myriad realms of their physical and psychological beings are beginning to exist.
East and West in Zakia Khairhoum's the End of My Dangerous Secret
Authors: EL KAIDI Youssef
Published: December 2021

Literature is an arena for cross-cultural representation par excellence. It is in the literature that images produce an awareness of the Self and Other, and of the Here and the Elsewhere, however small that awareness maybe. The accounts of many canonical literary figures in the history of literature featured portrayals and descriptions of radically different people and customs, exotic lands, and far-off places where everything is outlandish and anomalous. Literary representation, therefore, plays a pivotal role in shaping perception, creating historical and textual monoliths, stereotypes, and essentialization about ethnic minorities, race, sexuality, and gender. This article investigates the politics of representation of the Self and the Other in Zakia Khairhoum’s novel The End of My Dangerous Secret (Nihayat Sirri L’khatir, 2008) from a postcolonial feminist’s point of view. I argue that Khairhoum does not only shatter the foundations of patriarchy in the Arab world but also undermines and subverts Western colonial discourse and its claim of supremacy. The novel foregrounds a different pattern of representation that has not yet been sufficiently investigated, which is the denigration of both the Self and the Other and the quest for a third cultural reality that is defined in terms of gender equality, justice, human rights and democracy.
A Taguchi approach for optimization of mass transfer coefficient in metronidazole drug delivery process and activated carbon as a carrier
Authors:   Chemical Eng. Dep. College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniya, Iraq, F. Hameed Shahad , Rushdi Salih ,   Chemical Eng. Dep. College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniya, Iraq, T. Al-Sharify Zainab ,   Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University. Baghdad, Iraq
Published: December 2021

New strategies have been developed in the drug delivery system in recent years for applications like pharmacokinetics control, pharmacodynamics, undetermined toxicity, immunity, biophysics, and drug efficacy. The loading process was based on adsorption between activated carbon molecules' surfaces and drug molecules dissolved in ethanol at room temperature, where porous activated carbon has great drug delivery characteristics. The current research is studying the effect of the number of parameters including particle size, the weight of drug to the carrier, weight ratio, drug loading and temperature, time, and pH solution on mass transfer coefficient. The Taguchi program's result shows that the optimum point of maximum loading efficiency is 74% when the activated carbon in nanoparticle was in 11.042 nm size, and 985.6013 m2/g surface area weight drug to AC weight ratio is 1.5. The drug process release obtained an optimum point that gives a better value of mass transfer coefficient of 0.0007777 and 0.0003372 cm/hr in the first hour, 37°C, and pH of 1.5 solutions for both metronidazole/macro AC and metronidazole/Nano AC complexes.
Perbandingan Risiko Portofolio Saham dari Perusahaan-Perusaahaan Layak Investasi non Jasa Keuangan selama Tahun 2020
Authors: Ikhsan Aulia
Published: December 2021

Portofolio investasi saham dibuat dengan tujuan untuk meminimukan risiko yang mungkin timbul saat berinvestasi saham. Dalam proses manajemen portofolio saham, terdapat 3 (tiga) tahapan utama yang harus dilakukan. Pertama adalah pemilihan saham yang membentuk protofolio, kedua adalah penentuan bobot alokasi dana bagi setiap saham di dalam portofolio, dan ketiga adalah evaluasi kinerja portofolio melalui pengukuran risiko. Pada penelitian ini akan dibandingkan estimasi risiko dari portofolio saham yang dibentuk berdasarkan industri dari konstituen yang berada di perhitungan Indeks PEFINDO i-Grade untuk tahun 2020 atau selama pandemi COVID-19. Setelah portofolio terbentuk, ditentukan bobot alokasi dana bagi setiap saham di dalam portofolio menggunakan Metode Mean-Variance Efficient Portfolio (MVEP) dan selanjutnya diukur kinerja portofolio saham yang telah dibentuk berdasarkan pengukuran risiko dengan menggunakan metode Value at Risk (VaR). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, portofolio industri yang memiliki risiko yang besar adalah industri konstruksi. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil simulasi perhitungan nilai VaR, pemberian bobot alokasi dana yang besar pada saham-saham dengan volatilitas tinggi, dapat mendorong kenaikan nilai VaR. Kata Kunci: Indeks i-Grade, Mean-Variance Efficient Portfolio, Value at Risk
Мобільні додатки як засіб активізації пізнавальної діяльності учнів нової української школи
Authors: Констанкевич Лариса , Радкевич Мар’яна , Лехіцький Тарас
Published: December 2021

У час стрімкої інформатизації українського суспільства та інтенсивного оновлення й переформатування освітньої галузі особливо гостро постає питання формування цифрової грамотності випускника закладу освіти. Формула Нової української школи: «Наскрізне застосування інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій в освітньому процесі та управлінні закладами освіти і системою освіти має стати інструментом забезпечення успіху Нової української школи. Запровадження ІКТ в освітній галузі має перейти від одноразових проєктів у системний процес, що охоплює всі види діяльності. ІКТ суттєво розширять можливості педагога, оптимізують управлінські процеси, таким чином формуючи в учня важливі для нашого сторіччя технологічні компетентності».

Сучасні діти зростають повністю «занурені» в мобільні технології та комп’ютери. Персональні пристрої створюють те середовище, за допомогою якого молодь взаємодіє з оточуючим світом. Підлітки вже не сприймають традиційні форми навчання, а потребують мобільних технологій в освіті. Їм необхідне динамічне інтерактивне середовище, що забезпечить якісне оволодіння програмним матеріалом із максимальним наближенням до сучасних технічних можливостей дитини.

У зв’язку з цим у статті проаналізовано вплив мобільних додатків як засобів активізації  пізнавальної діяльності учнів, окреслено можливості розширення освітніх послуг за їх допомогою. Розглянуто сучасний стан та розвиток мобільних застосунків як одного із сучасних засобів комунікації в суспільстві знань. Проаналізовано особливості та специфіку використання мобільних додатків як перспективного та дієвого інструмента поширення освітніх інформаційних ресурсів, а також популяризації наукових, освітніх та самоосвітніх процесів у суспільстві.

Варто зазначити, що сучасні технології в дозованому обсязі сприяють не лише якісному вивченню навчальних предметів, а й формуванню цифрової компетентності як учнів, так і вчителя. Раціональне використання мобільних телефонів на уроках призводить до економії часу, підвищення мотивації учнів та якісного зворотного зв’язку між педагогом і здобувачем освіти.
Simultaneous Estimation of Genotoxic Impurities 4-Nitrobenzene Trifluoride, 4-Aminobenzene Trifluoride, and Benzo Trichloride in Cinacalcet Hydrochloride by GC-MS/MS Method
Authors: Rupakula Ravichandrababu , Gundlapalli Suman
Published: December 2021

The main objective of this study is to develop and validate a novel, fast, and more sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of 4-Nitrobenzotrifluoride (4-NBTF), 4-Amino-benzotrifluoride (4-ABTF), and Benzotrichloride (BTC) impurities in Cinacalcet hydrochloride (CH). The chromate-graphic separations were performed on a DB-624, 30m × 0.32mm × 1.8µm column with injector temperature of 150°C, and mode of injection is split with asplit ratio 1: 20. The carrier gas used was helium with a flowrate 1.5 mL/min, and theinjection load was 1.0 µL. Mass spectrometry quantitation was achieved by aquadrupole analyser with EI (Electron Ionization) ion source atasource temperature of 250ºC and interface temperature of 250ºC. The retention times for 4-NBTF, 4-ABTF, and BTC were at 6.13, 6.74and 7.64min, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration ranging from LOQ level to 150 % level with the correlation coefficient (r) of > 0.99. The percentage recovery was found to be within the specified range, i.e., 70.0 to 130.0 for the three impurities. The limit of detection (LOD) was established to 0.19, 0.19, and 0.18 ppm, whereas thelimit of quantification (LOQ) was obtained to 1.14, 1.12, and 1.11 ppm for 4-NBTF, 4-ABTF, and BTC, respectively. The test solutions with impurities were found to be stable in the diluent for 24 hours. A simple GC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of three impurities in CH. The method was accurate, precise, linear, specific, sensitive, robust, and rugged as per ICH guidelines. The method has been applied to the real-time batch analysis and found to be suitable for routine quality control analysis of CH.
Nanoliposomal Topical Formulation for Increasing Safety and Combating Microbial Drug Resistance in Leprosy
Authors: Patel Deep , Patel Deepa , Talele Dipali
Published: December 2021

Nanoliposomes were prepared using solvent injection method and topical spray using simple dispersion method. The particle size and % Entrapment Efficiency were found 18.01 ± 0.21 nm and 87.71 ± 0.12% respectively. TEM studies showed that the particles were in spherical shape. Drying time, volume per spray, area of film and dose uniformity were found to be 280 ± 0.002 sec, 0.16± 0.021 ml, 155.57 ± 0.012 cm2 and 0.15± 0.0012 ml respectively which showed good spraying conditions on the affected area. Stability study shows that dapsone and chaulmoogra oil loaded nanoliposomal topical spray was stable at accelerated condition up to 1 month. The present investigation provides a safe approach by improving the outer membrane permeability to combat microbial drug resistance and increasing safety in leprosy treatment.
Design and Evaluation of Efavirenz Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle for Boosting Oral Bioavailability
Authors: Gupta Harshita , Srivastava Ashish
Published: December 2021

Present work illustrates that efavirenz-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared with the objective of increasing bioavailability and protection of drugs due to biocompatible lipidic content. Efavirenz is generally used for the treatment of HIV. Selection of the suitable lipid phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant was done by individual screening method with the construction of pseudo-ternary phase study. The formulations were prepared by the microemulsion method followed by the lyophilization technique. EFV-SLN has shown a mean particle size of 55.73 ± 3.9 nm having a PDI of 0.153 ± 0.451. Zeta potential was found to be -9.98mV and the formulation was found stable. In vivo pharmaco-kinetic studies exhibited 5.41-fold enhancement in peak plasma concentration (
Authigenic Phyllosilicates in Sand Layers from the Mudflats of Saline Lakes in the Northern Great Prairies, Saskatchewan
Authors: Bentz Jennifer L. , Peterson Ronald C.
Published: December 2021

The mudflats of saline lakes are amenable to authigenic clay formation due to the high ionic strength of the solutions driven by evaporative concentration and due to the fluctuating wet/dry cycles. However, the mudflats of saline lakes have received relatively little study given the challenges in sampling unstable sediments coupled with post-depositional alterations that make direct relationships to the climate difficult. In an effort to gain a better understanding of the authigenic phyllosilicates present, the mudflats of 17 sulfate-rich saline lake basins across southern Saskatchewan were sampled. The <2 μm fraction was separated from the sediments and analyzed utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, bulk chemical analysis via digestion and inductively coupled optical emission spectroscopy, and visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The mudflat sediments were characterized as highly variable and were classified based on particle size into sediment classes A (clay-rich), B (unsorted till), and C (sand). Despite the high variability in sorting and thickness of the sedimentary layers, the phyllosilicates were distinctive within each class independent of the basin. Phyllosilicates in sediment class A were characterized by well-crystalline dioctahedral (Al) clays similar to the surrounding soils with smectite > illite > kaolinite > chlorite. Phyllosilicates from sediment class B displayed highly variable characteristics ranging between classes A and C. Clays from sediment class C were dominated by illite with decreasing proportions of smectite, kaolinite, and chlorite. The illite in the sand lenses was poorly formed, with broad reflections in the XRD patterns indicative of small crystallite size or high disorder, which is consistent with an authigenic nature. The clays in class C were rich in iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) and displayed lath-like morphologies common with authigenic illite forming in sandy porous sediments. The sand lenses of mudflats represent viable targets for finding authigenic clay minerals in detrital-rich sediments to use in understanding past climates on Earth and Mars.
Psychological Autopsy: A Lead to the Truth Untold
Authors: Mohd Asrarul Haque
Published: December 2021

Psychological autopsy is an important technique of investigation of an alleged suicidal case. The fundamental of psychological autopsy is based on the ultra-careful collection of records that help reconstruct the psychosocial domain of individuals. This paper gives insight into understanding of autopsy types and their uses. Relevance of psychological autopsy in forensic practice is highlighted such as validity, admissibility, scope and application in court of law for administration of justice.
Incidence of Abruption and Placenta Previa in Pregnant with Previous Caesarian Section
Authors: Baidaa Abdulkareem Alwan  , Areej Sabah abdulridha
Published: December 2021

Caesarean section is a surgical procedure in which the incision made through a women’s abdomen(laparotomy) and uterus (hysterectomy) to deliver one or more babies. In each previous c/s the risk ofplacenta previa and abruption increase. The aim of this study is to find out the associated between theprevious caesarean section and placenta previa and abruption in this pregnancy. A retrospective studywas carried out during the period between 1st July 2018 and 20th august 2019 in Al-Zahraa TeachingHospital. During the period of study, 119 pregnant women with history of previous scar presented to thehospital for vaginal delivery or c/s, 70 of these patients diagnosed that they have placenta previa and ashave placenta abruption by ultrasound and confirmed during delivery. Another 49 patients were withoutcomplication. Pregnant women with APH due to other causes were excluded. Data were collectedthrough detailed history. Official agreements and verbal consent of all women were taken. Statisticalanalysis performed by using the statistical package for social sciences and appropriate statistical testwere applied.
Levels of Suicidal Ideations and Intents among the Inmates in the Correctional Institutions in Baghdad City - Iraq
Authors: Maan Hameed Ibrahim Al-Ameri
Published: December 2021

Background: Suicidal ideations concern thinking about suicide or an uncommon and inappropriatepreoccupation with suicide. The range of suicidal ideation and intent differs significantly from briefthoughts to wide thoughts, to comprehensive planning, and role-playing.Objectives: To explore inmates’ levels of suicidal ideation and intent in the prisons of Baghdad Cityand to find out the relationship between these levels and some demographic characteristics of thoseinmates.Methodology: A descriptive analytic design was used to guide this study which was conductedfrom October 15th, 2015 to the June 10th, 2016. A non-probability sample of 100 inmates in Baghdadcorrectional institutions was recruited. The study instrument is a questionnaire consisted of ninedemographic characteristics and 19 items represent Beck suicidal ideations and intents scale. Datawere analysed by using descriptive statistical measures of frequency, percent, and distribution; andinferential analysis (Chi-squire).Results: The study results displayed that more than half of the inmates are from twenties and thirtiesdecades (58.0%), 68.0% having elementary and secondary school, half of them are with six to 15years imprisonment, and 69.0% are married. Three quarters have moderate and high levels of suicidalideations and intents. The study also finds that the more the period of imprisonment and the less ofincome the inmates have the higher the levels of suicidal ideation they have.
Relationship between Vitamin D AND IL6 in Convalescent Healthcare Workers with Covid-19 in Baquba Hospitals in Diyala Province
Authors: Maysam Abbas  , Luma T. Ahmed  , Mohammed A. Alkarkhi
Published: December 2021

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pandemic, caused by severe acuterespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a major concern globally. One hundredConvalescent HCWs patients with COVID-19 works in Diyala, Hospitals center, from October 2020 toMarch 2021 were included. We recruited 100 non-infected from healthy people and 100 PCR-confirmedinfected HCWs. In this review, we have summarized and discussed recent immunological studiesfocusing on the response of the host immune system, cytokine storms such as IL6 have been discussedas part of immunopathology mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This may help us understandpatients’ immune status with COVID-19, particularly those with severe clinical presentation, and forma basis for further immunotherapeutic investigations. This study calculate that there is the relationbetween IL6 and Vitamin D3 in convalescent patients, accounting for a range of previously describedclinical predictors and, potentially directing future therapeutic strategies, including about Vitamin D.
A Clinical Study of Parasitical Leishmaniasi in Al-Kut Province
Authors: Bushra Qasim Dhumad Al Edhari
Published: December 2021

leishmaniasis is a potentially intense and skin disease. individuals with leishmaniasispossess one ordifferent long lesions on the skin. We obtained the sample from the patients init at alzahra TeachingHospital, a total of 190 cases of leishmaniasis have been registered. In this study were 190 individuals.72 (38 %) females and 118 (62 %) males. The most infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis was in themale. The majority of patients were at the age of (1-15) years 63 (53.3%) in males while in females thehighest proportion 39 (54.1%). Infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis had the highest percentage inFebruary 44 (23%) when compared to other months ofinfection.Results observed for infection withcutaneous leishmaniasisin patientsuneducated had the highest percentage 116 (16%) when comparedto educated of infection.Medical reference have to be knowing the truththat chronic diseaseactivitiesproduceexpansion of the disease and riserange rate in the status that outlet to medical treatment is noteasy mostly in poorly conditions of cutaneouschronic diseaselocations.
A Comparative Study on the Diagnostic Value of Conventional Spin Echo Proton Density and Fast Spin Echo Proton Density Sequences of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Meniscal Tear
Authors: Farhad Nalaini  , Mahdi Mohammadi  , Somayeh Mahdavikian  , Nazanin Farshchian
Published: December 2021

Background & Objectives: Knee is the largest synovial joint in the body. Although FSE PD (fastspin echo proton density) imaging technique for the diagnosis of meniscal tear has replaced CSE PD(conventional spin echo proton density) technique in many MRI centers, several studies have questionedthe effectiveness of FSE PD technique in diagnosis of meniscal tear. In this study, the diagnostic valuesof CSE PD and FSE PD techniques in evaluation of meniscus tear are compared.Materials: In this study, using CSE PD and FSE PD techniques, MRI was performed on 67 knees ofpatients with suspected meniscal tear referring to the MRI Center of Imam Reza Hospital (Kermanshah,Iran). Diagnostic arthroscopy was also performed for all patients. The data were entered SPSS version20, and finally the results of MRI reports of the two techniques were compared in evaluation of meniscaltear taking into account the arthroscopic findings as the gold standard.Results: According to the results of this study, no significant difference was found in specificity andpositive predictive value of the two techniques. However, the sensitivity and negative predictive valueswere significantly different, in such a way that the related values were 97% and 97% in the CSE PDtechnique and 69% and 73% in the FSE PD technique, respectively.Conclusion: Due to low sensitivity and high false negative results, MRI using FSE PD technique is notrecommended as an alternative for CSE PD technique in evaluation of meniscal tear.
A Study of Chronic Disease Management in Indonesian Primary Health Care
Authors: Febri Endra Budi Setyawan  , Retno Lestari
Published: December 2021

Chronic disease management program in Indonesia(Prolanis) is a preventive and promotive programdeveloped by Indonesian national health insurance. The initial survey showed thatonly 37.04% ofprimary health careperformchronic disease management programsoptimally. Prolanis can succeed andbe sustained if health care services included health care teams effectively address patient needs as wellas increasing the quality of health services.For this reason, physicians as key roles in primary health careshould enhance their competencies to deliver high-quality care. This study aimed to identify the impactof physician competencies on patient satisfaction in Indonesian primary health care. This study useda cross-sectional designwith multistage random sampling which included 90 chronic disease patientsin primary health care. The results revealed that the average physician competencies in providinghealth services to patients were 73.57%. In addition to this, as many as 73.64% of patients expressedsatisfaction with physician skills. Lambda correlation test obtained a value of r = 0.76, so it was statedthat the physician competencies had a strong influence on chronic disease patient satisfaction. It canbe concluded that the more physicians master their competencies,the more confident patients seektreatment at primaryhealth care.
Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 25 (sCD25) as a Predictor of Mortality of COVID-19 Patients in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Harida Zahraini  , Betty Agustina Tambunan  , Bambang Pujo Semedi
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine the cut-off level of sCD25 as a predictor ofmortality in COVID-19 patients. In an observational analytic study with a prospective cohort design, thestudy population was COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized at RIK RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabayafor the period July 2020-December 2020. Sampling was taken by consecutive sampling, divided intotwo groups, mild-moderate and severe-critical groups. The examination of sCD25 levels in both groupswas carried out on day-0 and day-6 of hospitalization using the sandwich ELISA method. The pairedgroup statistical analysis used the Wilcoxon range test, the unpaired group used the Mann WithneyU test. ROC curve analysis to determine the cut off level of sCD25 as a predictor of mortality. Therewere a total of 83 study patients consisting of 36 patients in the mild-moderate group, 47 patients inthe severe-critical group. There was a difference in sCD25 levels between mild-moderate COVID-19patients who were treated on day-6 compared to day-0, whereas in the severe-critical group there wasno difference in sCD25 levels. There was a difference in sCD25 levels in COVID-19 patients betweenthe mild-moderate group by severe-critical. The level of sCD25 with a cut off of 3.14 ng/mL (AUC0.719, p = 0.001) can be used as a predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients with a sensitivity of96.2%, a specificity of 47.4%. Levels of sCD25 >3.14 ng/mL can be used as a predictor of mortality inCOVID-19 patients
Effect of Work Stress on the Productivity of Shift Workers in Production Department at Pt.x Makassar City
Authors: Herlin Manga Lambo  , Rafael Djajakusli  , Masyitha Muis  , Atjo Wahyu  , Apik Indarty Moedjiono  , Darmawansyah
Published: December 2021

Productivity can be defined as worker’s performance in terms of quantity, quality and timeliness. Thereare several factors that can affect productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of monotonyand work stress on production department’s shift workers at PT. X wirh age, sex, years of service andquality of sleep as a control variables.This study was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. The number of respondentswas 49 people which were determined using purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained usingonline questionnaires. Chi square was used for bivariate data analysis and multiple logistic regressionfor multivariate data analysis.From the results of bivariate data analysis, it was found that work stress had an effect on productivitywith a value of p = 0.001 (<0.05). For the analysis of work stress based on age, it affected older workerswith a value of p = 0.004, while based on gender, it affected the female workers with a value of p =0.001, based on years service, it had effect on long service years with a value of p = 0.018 and basedon sleep quality, it affected on poor sleep quality with a value of p = 0.003. The results of multivariateanalysis showed that work stress affected the productivity with a value of p = 0.001 (p <0.05) withgender and sleep quality as variable controls. It was suggested for workers to maximize the rest timeafter serviced a night shift in order to restore their physical condition and for company leaders toestablish good communication towards workers in order to find out critics or suggestion related to thejob.
Evaluation of the Effect of the Activity of Gum Arabic Aqueous Solution and Ozonated Water on the Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Locally Produced Soft Cheese in Baghdad City
Authors: Hind Suhail  , Zina Saab Khudhir
Published: December 2021

Evaluated the effects of Gum Arabic (GA) combined with ozonated water (OW) at refrigeration (4oC)storage temperature on the chemical and organoleptic properties of bovine locally produced Cowsand buffalos’, Fifty Soft cheese (25 for each kinds ) were collected from homemade local producersin the different regions of Abu-Ghraib villages/Baghdad city. Soft cheese samples were analyzed forMoisture percentage %, Total solids, pH levels, Protein, Fat as dry matters and ash contents before andafter immersion in mixture decontamination solution of (GA) at concentration of (3% and 5%) withozonated water (0.5) ppm during (30) minutes of exposure time at refrigeration (4oC) temperature. Theresults showed that the moisture, fat as dry matter and ash content increased, while total solids (TS) andprotein decrease after subjecting to natural decontamination solution. pH value was non significantlyaffected by the washing treatment. In conclusion evaluation of sensory properties showed that localcows soft cheese demonstrates higher values for sensory parameter compared to local buffalo’s softcheese.
Synthesis of a novel aminobenzene-containing hemicucurbituril and its fluorescence spectral properties with ions
Authors: Zeng Qingkai , Long Qiumeng , Lu Jihong , Wang Li , You Yuting , Yuan Xiaoting , Zhang Qianjun , Ge Qingmei , Cong Hang , Liu Mao
Published: December 2021

A novel hemicucurbituril-based macrocycle, alternately consisting of amidobenzene and 2-imidazolidione moieties was designed and synthesized. Based on the fragment coupling strategy, nitrobenzene-containing hemicucurbituril was firstly prepared facilely under alkaline environment, and reduction of the nitro groups produced the desired amidobenzene-containing hemicucurbituril. As an original fluorescent chemosensor, it exhibited strong interactions with Fe3+ over other metal cations. The experimental evidence of fluorescence spectra suggested that a 1:1 complex was formed between this macrocycle and Fe3+ with an association constant up to (2.1 ± 0.3) × 104 M−1. Meanwhile, this macrocycle showed no obvious or only slight enhancement of the fluorescence intensity with selected anions.
Giant urethral stone with diverticulum; a case report
Authors: Asad Ramzan  , Adeen Akram  , Farhan Jamshed  , Nauman Khalid
Published: December 2021

Urethral calculi are rare and represent 1-2% of all urinary stone diseases. Rarely, calculus grows to large size and are labeled as a "giant urethral calculus". A 75-year-old male came to the OPD of Madinah Teaching Hospital Faisalabad with a chief complaint of suprapubic pain, penile pain, and hard mass on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum. The patient had a significant history of undergoing debridement for Meleney's and Fournier's gangrene, along with suprapubic cystostomy done about 1.5 years back. Physical examination revealed a solid mass with dimensions 6x7 cm on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum (left periurethral area). Open surgery was performed. A huge stone, 6x6cm, was removed. Diverticulae were excised, and urethroplasty was performed. A catheter was removed on the 21st postoperative with a satisfactory urinary stream.