bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Xue Jun-Qiang , Yin Ping , He Jian-Ping , Wei Hui , Geng Cui-Jie , Luo Yu-Xian
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) is a common vascular emergency with significant morbidity risks, including post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and pulmonary embolism. Traditional treatments like catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) often result in variable success rates and complications.

AIM

To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute LEDVT.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed to examine 58 hospitalised patients with acute LEDVT between August 2019 and August 2022. The patients were categorised into the percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) group (n = 24) and CDT group (n = 32). The follow-up, safety and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups. The main observational indexes were venous patency score, thrombus removal effect, complications, hospitalisation duration and PTS.

RESULTS

The venous patency score was 9.04 ± 1.40 in the PMT group and 8.81 ± 1.60 in the CDT group, and the thrombus clearance rate was 100% in both groups. The complication rate was 8.33% in the PMT group and 34.84% in the CDT group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average hospitalisation duration was 6.54 ± 2.48 days in the PMT group and 8.14 ± 3.56 days in the CDT group. The incidence of PTS was lower in the PMT group than in the CDT group; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Compared with CDT, treatment of LEDVT via PMT was associated with a better thrombus clearance rate, clinical therapeutic effect and PTS prevention function, but the difference was not statistically significant. Moreover, PMT was associated with a reduced urokinase dosage, shortened hospitalisation duration and reduced incidence of complications, such as infections and small haemorrhages. These results indicate that PMT has substantial beneficial effects in the treatment of LEDVT.
Efficacy and safety of Xileisan combined with mesalazine for ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Yang Xin-Yu , Yu Yun-Feng , Tong Ke-Ke , Hu Gang , Yu Rong , Su Lian-Jun
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The benefits and risks of Xileisan (XLS) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear.

AIM

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of XLS and mesalazine when treating UC.

METHODS

We searched eight databases for clinical trials evaluating the combination of XLS and mesalazine in the treatment of UC, up to January 2024. Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed using Revman 5.3 and TSA 0.9.5.10 beta, respectively.

RESULTS

The present study included 13 clinical studies involving 990 patients, of which 501 patients received XLS combined with mesalazine while 489 patients received mesalazine alone. The meta-analysis showed that, in terms of efficacy, the combination of XLS and mesalazine significantly improved the clinical efficacy rate by 22% [risk ratio (RR) = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.15–1.28; P < 0.00001] and mucosal improvement rate by 25% (RR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.12–1.39; P = 0.0001), while significantly reducing the duration of abdominal pain by 2.25 days [mean difference (MD) = -2.25; 95%CI: -3.35 to -1.14; P < 0.0001], diarrhea by 2.06 days (MD = -2.06; 95%CI: -3.92 to -0.20; P = 0.03), hematochezia by 2.32 days (MD = -2.32; 95%CI: -4.02 to -0.62; P = 0.008), tumor necrosis factor alpha by 16.25 ng/mL (MD = -16.25; 95%CI: -20.48 to -12.01; P < 0.00001), and interleukin-6 by 14.14 ng/mL (MD = -14.14; 95%CI: -24.89 to -3.39; P = 0.01). The TSA indicated conclusiveness in the meta-analysis of the efficacy endpoints. In terms of safety, the meta-analysis revealed that the combination of XLS and mesalazine did not increase the occurrence of total and gastrointestinal adverse events, abdominal distension, and erythema (P > 0.05). The TSA showed non conclusive findings in the meta-analysis of the safety endpoints. Harbord’s test showed no publication bias (P = 0.734).

CONCLUSION

Treatment with XLS alleviated the clinical symptoms, intestinal mucosal injury, and inflammatory response in patients with UC, while demonstrating good safety.
Surgical treatment of a rare brachial artery aneurysm post-arteriovenous fistula closure after kidney transplant: A case report
Authors: Demirkan Nahit Arda , Keskin Yasemin , Sevinç Hakan , Çetinkaya Ömer Arda
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Brachial artery aneurysms are defined as dilations greater than 50% of the normal diameter, which are rare among all peripheral arterial aneurysms. While they are often present as pseudoaneurysms, true brachial artery aneurysms are also detected rarely. In this case report, the surgical repair method of true brachial artery aneurysms, which is a rare condition, is explained.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we present a 61-year-old male patient with complaints of swelling and pain in the right arm antecubital region that had been progressing over 6 mo. Upon the diagnosis of a true brachial artery aneurysm associated with arteriovenous fistula, the aneurysm was surgically repaired with an autologous saphenous vein graft. The patient was discharged without any neurovascular complications postoperatively.

CONCLUSION

True brachial artery aneurysms are rare and there are not any recommendations for their management in the current literature. Even though the treatment of true aneurysms in this artery is primarily based on a surgical treatment, endovascular repair also might be an option.
Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder: A case report
Authors: Bai Liang-Liang , Guo Yue-Xian , Song Shi-Yu , Li Ran , Jiang Yu-Qing
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the bladder is a rare non-urothelial tumor of the bladder. The treatment of LCNEC of the bladder is different from that of urothelial carcinoma (UC); therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is particularly important. As LCNEC of the bladder is rare and its clinical symptoms and radiographic features are similar to those of urothelial tumors, the clinical diagnosis of the disease remains challenging.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a 72-year-old female patient who presented with gross hematuria for 3 mo. A solitary tumor located in the anterior wall of the bladder was found by cystoscopy. Pathological examination after biopsy suggested UC of the bladder in the absence of immunohistochemical assessment. The patient underwent partial cystectomy and was finally diagnosed with LCNEC (pT2bN0M0) based on the results of postoperative immunohistochemical examination. During the 10-mo follow-up, no signs of tumor recurrence or metastasis were found.

CONCLUSION

Immunohistochemical examination is essential for diagnosing LCNEC of the bladder. Accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment in the early stage of the disease are crucial for improving the prognosis.
Spontaneous dislodgment of a peritoneal dialysis catheter inserted using the Seldinger technique: A case report
Authors: Wu Ruo-Yu , Tan Yao , Li Hang , Zou Yu-Rong , Chen Xiu-Ling , Chen Jin
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease. PD catheters remain the lifeline for patients undergoing PD. The catheter technique survival rate is considered a core PD outcome domain.

CASE SUMMARY

The PD catheter spontaneously dislodged in a patient undergoing PD during regular fluid exchange without pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed a tunnel infection. A double-cuff straight Tenckhoff catheter had been inserted using the Seldinger technique. Before this incident, the patient had a history of tunnel infections. We speculate that recurrent tunnel infections and catheter insertion using the Seldinger technique may have led to catheter dislodgement.

CONCLUSION

The present case suggests that clinicians should more rigorously assess the persistence of catheter-related infections concerning the potential complications arising from catheter dislodgement associated with the Seldinger technique.
Treatment of a patient with aconitine poisoning using veno-arterial membrane oxygenation: A case report
Authors: Bian Yu-Yao , Hou Jin , Khakurel Sudha
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Aconitine poisoning is highly prone to causing malignant arrhythmias. The elimination of aconitine from the body takes a considerable amount of time, and during this period, patients are at a significant risk of death due to malignant arrhythmias associated with aconitine poisoning.

CASE SUMMARY

A 30-year-old male patient was admitted due to accidental ingestion of aconitine-containing drugs. Upon arrival at the emergency department, the patient intermittently experienced malignant arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular premature beats, and cardiac arrest. Emergency interventions such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation were promptly administered. Additionally, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) therapy was initiated. Successful resuscitation was achieved before ECMO placement, but upon initiation of ECMO, the patient experienced recurrent malignant arrhythmias. ECMO was utilized to maintain hemodynamics and respiration, while continuous blood purification therapy for toxin clearance, mechanical ventilation, and hypothermic brain protection therapy were concurrently administered. On the third day of VA-ECMO support, the patient’s respiratory and hemodynamic status stabilized, with only frequent ventricular premature beats observed on electrocardiographic monitoring, and echocardiography indicated recovery of cardiac contractile function. On the fourth day, a significant reduction in toxin levels was observed, along with stable hemodynamic and respiratory functions. Following a successful pump-controlled retrograde trial occlusion test, ECMO assistance was terminated. The patient gradually improved postoperatively and achieved recovery. He was discharged 11 days later.

CONCLUSION

VA-ECMO can serve as a bridging resuscitation technique for patients with reversible malignant arrhythmias.
Vegetation diversity based on peat hydrological units for supporting cattle production in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: SETIAWAN DUTA , JAYANEGARA ANURAGA , NAHROWI NAHROWI , KUMALASARI NUR ROCHMAH
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Setiawan D, Jayanegara A, Nahrowi, Kumalasari NR. 2024. Vegetation diversity based on peat hydrological units for supporting cattle production in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2011-2019. This study determined the characteristics of forage supply, composition, and diversity in various West Kalimantan Peat Hydrological Units (PHU) and the capacity for livestock development. The methods used were a combination of surveys, direct observations, and measurements of samples of peat hydrological units commonly used as pasture by farmers. The results showed that the pattern of providing forage for livestock is that the majority of farmers are in the productive age category (41-60 years), the education level was only elementary school, livestock farming was only a side business (78.33-81.67%), and the mowing capacity was still above livestock feed requirements. Important Value Index (IVI) in Mempawah Ageratum conyzoides (32.34%), Pontianak IVI Digitaria sanguinalis (27.17%), Kubu Raya IVI Cyperus brevifolius (22.43%). The forage species diversity index (H) of the three districts in West Kalimantan was classified as moderate or high. The species Richness Indices (R') for Mempawah, Pontianak, and Kubu Raya were 5.01, 6.22, and 6.41, respectively. The carrying capacity index in Kubu Raya (2.01) and Mempawah (5.19) was included in the safety criteria because it has a CCI above 2. In conclusion, The West Kalimantan livestock population can be increased by utilizing land in rice fields, dry fields, community forests, and plantations as a source of diverse forage vegetation.
Antioxidant activity and 1H NMR profiling of leaves and fruits of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa from South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: KUNTORINI EVI MINTOWATI , TRIYASMONO LILING , ASTUTI MARIA DEWI
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Kuntorini EM, Triyasmono L, Astuti MD. 2024. Antioxidant activity and 1H NMR profiling of leaves and fruits of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa from South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2020-2027. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk is a flowering plant belonging to Myrtaceae, native to southern and southeastern Asia. This study aims to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity of leaves and fruits ethanol extracts of R. tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk from two locations, namely Banjar and Batola, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The samples included old and young leaves and three stages of fruit maturity, namely green, red, and purple. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to identify the chemical profile of extracts, which comprised organic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and phenolic compounds. Antioxidant capacity was assessed with DPPH, which showed intensity differences in aromatic shifts in leaves and fruits for both regions. Young leaves and green fruits had higher intensity than old leaves and red and purple fruits, correlating with antioxidant capacity. Analysis of 1H NMR spectra of young and old leaf extracts identified vital metabolites, such as gallic acid, myricetin 3-O-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, as well as syringic acid, in regional chemical shifts of 10.0-6.0 ppm as aromatic compound area. The differences in spectral signal intensity revealed higher metabolite levels, specifically carbohydrates and amino acids, in red and purple fruits. However, green fruits had higher quantities of aromatic compounds.
Monetary sovereignty and the ‘Invisible Leviathan’: the politics of Marx’s theory of money
Authors: Copley Jack
Published: June 2024

A debate has recently emerged in Heterodox Economics and Political Economy on the nature of monetary sovereignty, and whether it can be democratised and wielded to address the social and environmental catastrophes of our age. While Modern Monetary Theory understands monetary sovereignty to be relatively unconstrained, post-Keynesian, Structuralist and Critical Macro-Finance approaches point to various external limits on states’ abilities to govern money – from the international currency hierarchy to the offshore nature of money creation. This article evaluates this debate in light of Marx’s monetary theory. Under capitalism, money constitutes the social adhesive of a world of privatised production and mass dispossession, which conjures an anonymous, competitive logic that Marx terms the ‘law of value’. To function in this way, money must be underpinned by an historically novel form of state sovereignty. The state must both back money with its coercive powers and insulate monetary governance from popular forces, or else risk losing the confidence of the profit-driven private actors upon which money relies. Yet in exercising its sovereign capacity to govern domestic and international money relations, the state inadvertently reproduces the law of value on a global scale – an ‘Invisible Leviathan’ that subordinates states to its dictates. Contra the Heterodox literature, then, monetary sovereignty is not a vehicle for radical democracy or social/environmental justice, nor is it simply constrained by external limits. Instead, monetary sovereignty is innately a practice of depoliticisation that unwittingly produces a global logic of economic domination that binds states’ hands.
Removal of Methylene Blue by Activated Carbon from Jackfruit: Kinetic, Isothermal Evaluation and Optimization Using by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Hoang Bich Ngoc , Ngo Thi Cam Quyen , Tan Lam Van , Tran Thi Kim Ngan , Tran Thi Tuu , Phung Sy Chi , Phung Anh Duc
Published: June 2024

Activated carbons derived from the byproducts of jackfruit processing, specifically the skin (peel) and pulp, were prepared using the chemical assisted microwave irradiation method. The structural and physical properties were evaluated based on the results of scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction patterns, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory analysis. The results have shown that activated carbon from jackfruit skin and activated carbon from jackfruit pulp have a honeycomb shape with a surface area of 268 m2 g-1 and 309 m2 g-1, respectively. Both samples showed the presence of specific functional groups such as C=C, C=O, O–H and C–H. It can be seen that the material structure was semi-crystalline and clearly shown in the 2θ value ranges which are 2θ = 20-35º and 40-45º. Specifically, 2θ = 20-35º represents the structural characteristics of the carbon or graphite lattice. Factors that influence the removal of methylene blue that have been evaluated which include adsorption time, solution pH, ambient temperature, activated carbon dosage, dye concentration and optimization by the response surface methodology model. The parameters for the adsorption process are optimized from the response surface methodology model with activated carbon from jackfruit pulp (pH 8.97, concentration of 50.5 mg L-1, dosage of 0.57 g L-1, time 120 min, temperature 30 ºC, the adsorption capacity of 90.82 mg g-1, adsorption efficiency 100%) and activated carbon from Jackfruit skin (pH 8.61, concentration 52 mg L-1, dosage 0.57 g L-1, time 120 min, temperature 30 ºC, adsorption capacity 94.04 mg g-1, adsorption efficiency 100%), respectively. The adsorption process shows that activated carbon from jackfruit pulp (ACJP) follows the pseudo-second order and Langmuir model and activated carbon from jackfruit skin (peel) (ACJS) follows the model of Bangham and Langmuir. The adsorption process is predicted with many mechanisms, including chemical interactions, multilayer adsorption and diffusion. The materials showed application potential as the reusability was three times.
Unveiling Microplastic Leaching from Food Packaging Polyethylene Covers: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Pushparaj Swetha Muniswamy , Preeyanghaa Mani , Gomathi Govindasamy , Priya Ponmudi , Sivamurugan Vajiravelu
Published: June 2024

Plastics became the preferred choice for food packaging due to their affordable cost, production efficiency, durability and application versatility. Small scale food beverage shops in metropolitan and urban areas in India frequently employ single-use plastic for packaging hot beverages and other food items, but the inadequately addressed issue of microplastic seepage, particularly from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) covers, remains a concern. The objective of the study was to identify the leachate of plastics from food packaging covers as a result of exposure to hot water at a temperature above 80 ºC. Microplastic sample treated with Fenton’s reagent and filtered using Whatman® grade GF/C microfiber filter paper and visually inspected using a light microscope. The morphological identification and chemical composition of microplastics was done using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Nature of microplastics was characterized using reflectance Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The study observed the presence of around 20-30 microplastics with an average size ranging from 40 to 200 µm. Further, the EDS analysis confirmed the presence of microplastic particles in the filtered leachate, as indicated by the carbon peak at 0.3 to 0.4 KeV. Furthermore, the FT-IR analysis showed the presence of polyethylene microplastics leached from the tested samples. Despite the ban on single-use plastics, their persistent use in food packaging necessitates this study to raise awareness about microplastics and their impact on human health.
Novel Unsymmetrical Dicationic Pyrrolidinium Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Sathya S. , Rajathi K.
Published: June 2024

Dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) have sparked a lot of attention due to their high melting point, better solubility, thermal stability and facilitated the creation of molecules with precise functions and application requirements. Dicationic ionic liquids have garnered significant attention in the field of green synthesis media due to their diverse cationic groups. In this work, four environmental friendly unsymmetrical dicationic room temperature ionic liquids with different cationic were synthesized by a simple neutralization process. The structure of the newly synthesized DILs was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental and ESI-HRMS spectral analyses. All the synthesized DILs were also screened for antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. When compared the microbial activities of DILs of different cations, the results showed that all the synthesized DILs were effective against Candida albicans fungi and had good scavenging activity in DPPH and against protein denaturation with their respective standards. Because of their sulphonic acid and hydroxyl groups in DIL-III and D-IV were the most promising candidates for antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Spectrophotometric Study of the Effect of Micellar Medium on the Dissociation Equilibrium of Sulfonephthalein pH Indicator Dye
Authors: Samanta Subhodip
Published: June 2024

The experimental determination of the mono-dianionic dissociation equilibrium constant (pKa2m) of sulfonephthalein pH-indicator dye bromocresol green (BCG) in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellar media revealed a deviation from its value in pure water (pKa2w). This discrepancy indicates that the presence of CTAB micellar media alters the dissociation behaviour of BCG compared to its behaviour in pure water. Such alterations suggest that the micellar environment influences the protonation and deprotonation processes of the dye molecule, likely through interactions between the dye and the micellar environment. To further understand this phenomenon, theoretical models depicting the dissociation equilibrium of BCG in aqueous micellar solutions were employed. These models utilized non-linear regression analysis methods integrated into microsoft excel solver. The calculations involved the use of spectrophotometrically determined binding constants (kb) and partition coefficients (Kx) of the dye between the micellar pseudo phase and water. The obtained pKa2m values for BCG in different pH media were found to be varied. This variability was attributed to the flexible extent of solubilization of the dianionic form of BCG in the CTAB micellar medium, which changes with variations in aqueous pH. The observed relative intensity of absorption bands of mono and dianionic forms of the dye in the micellar medium correlated with these differences in pKa2m magnitudes.
Pengaruh Frekuensi Membaca Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu
Authors: Putra Muhammad Irvan Triono , Tanjung Ika Citra Dewi , Hutagalung Sunna Vyatra , Lubis Andriamuri Primaputra
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang. Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak merupakan salah satu upaya pelayanan kesehatan promotif bagi masyarakat yang berfungsi sebagai alat komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi terkait kesehatan ibu dan anak. Pemanfaatan buku tersebut mencakup membawa buku saat pemeriksaan kesehatan, membaca, dan mengisi buku yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan anak. Studi mengenai pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak dan pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan anak masih sedikit.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak dengan pengetahuan kesehatan anak pada ibu.Metode. Penelitian cross-sectional dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang valid dan reliabel kepada orangtua dari anak usia 0-59 bulan yang datang ke Posyandu di praktek bidan mandiri periode Maret sampai Desember 2023 secara consecutive sampling. Kriteria inklusi adalah ibu yang memiliki buku dan anak usia 0-59 bulan, dan ibu menyetujui mengikuti penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi adalah anak tidak datang bersama ibu. Hasil. Dari 144 reponden penelitian, pemanfaatannya terbanyak dengan kategori baik (60,4%) dan pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan anak terbanyak dengan kategori cukup (43,8%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak dengan pengetahuan kesehatan anak pada ibu (p=0,001).Kesimpulan. Hubungan antara pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak dengan tingkat pengetahuan ibu mengenai kesehatan anak bermakna. Oleh karena itu, ibu harus memanfaatkannya lebih sering untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan anak.
A Case of Acute Buried Bumper Syndrome
Authors: Revanth Ravindra Bhat  , Shivakumar Swamy S.  , Mahesh A.
Published: June 2024

Here we present a case of a 71-year-old female with a history of Carcinoma buccal mucosa post right hemimandibulectomy, osseous reconstruction and radical neck dissection. The patient underwent percutaneous gastrostomy in 2021 for long-term enteral feeding and medications.
The patient came to the emergency department in March 2024 with complaints of intermittent abdominal pain, fever and leak around the stomal site. She underwent CT scan of the abdomen with oral contrast which revealed displacement of the internal bolster of the PEG tube into the subcutaneous plane of the anterior abdominal wall along the tract.
Participation of “Walled” Children Begins When Adults Listen—The Right to Participation of Children in Conflict with the Law in India
Authors: S Alankrita
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the art series “Walled”, in which I depict my reflections on the experiences of children in conflict with the law in state-run facilities—how and why they might feel walled. The walls in the six paintings symbolize barriers to children’s participation. They are dark and seemingly insurmountable, yet make way for windows and light that represent children’s agency. In doing so, I draw on my experience of working with children in conflict with the law as a practitioner in India, my artistic construction of them feeling “walled” and my qualitative research on their right to participation.
To situate my work experience and reflections in theory and academic literature, I conducted research to identify challenges to participation rights that these children face. The key finding from my research is that children are viewed by adult practitioners as future becomings, hence, incapable and incompetent to participate. However, when adult practitioners listen to children, their knowledge and practice is informed by children’s views and perspectives. Listened-to children feel empowered and more able to participate. Thus, the onus is on adult practitioners to create safe spaces for children to share and contribute to decision making.
Keywords: children in conflict with the law; right to participation; Article 12 UNCRC; juvenile justice; India.
Development of Technology-Based Learning Media Books to Support 21St Century Learning in Elementary Schools
Authors: Alfian Eko Widodo Adi Prasetyo  , Ikha Sulis Setyaningrum  , Andhika Yahya Putra
Published: July 2024

Technology is a supporting tool for conveying information that makes learning activities easier. Learning media with technology is designed to improve student learning outcomes and teacher efforts to demonstrate the ability to develop mastery of technology in the 21st century. This research aims to develop a technology-based book to help the Teachers Working Group (KKG) of MI Bantul in the teaching process. The research method used is R&D with development stages. The type of research is descriptive-qualitative, with the research object being 45 teachers who are connected to the MI Bantul KKG. This research focuses on increasing the development of teachers' abilities in the productivity of book writing with technology content. The results of this research indicate that the book development process is still in the development stage and has not yet reached the product testing stage. Making the book involves five applications: Canva, Edu Assemblr, Quizzzz, World Brush, and Comic Creator. Technology-based books have four parts: introduction, process, evaluation, and learning reflection. Development is carried out using barcodes, links, AR, and video.
Abstrak
Teknologi merupakan alat pendukung penyampaian informasi yang mempermudah kegiatan belajar. Media pembelajaran dengan teknologi dirancang untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan upaya guru untuk menunjukkan kemampuan perkembangan penguasaan teknologi di abad ke-21. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan buku yang berbasis teknologi untuk membantu Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) MI Bantul dalam proses pengajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah R&D dengan tahapan pengembangan. Jenis penelitian adalah diskriptif kualitatif dengan objek penelitian 45 guru yang tergambung pada KKG MI Bantul. Penelitian ini berfokus pada peningkatan pengembangan kemampuan guru dalam produktivitas, karya tulis buku dengan muatan teknologi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pengembangan buku masih sampai pada tahap pengembangan, belum sampai pada tahap uji coba produk. Pembuatan buku melibatkan lima aplikasi, yaitu canva, edu assemblr, Quizizz, world brush, and comic creator. Buku berbasis teknologi memiliki empat bagian yaitu pendahuluan, proses, evaluasi, dan refleksi pembelajaran. Pengembangan yang dilakukan menggunakan barcode, link, AR, and video.
Ewolucja pośmiertnej ochrony zmarłych w prawie karnym na ziemiach polskich do XIX wieku
Authors: Najman Michał
Published: July 2024

W artykule przedstawiono, w jaki sposób kryminalizowane były zachowania skierowane przeciwko zwłokom ludzkim lub miejscom ich spoczynku na ziemiach polskich i jakie regulacje prawnokarne obowiązywały na ziemiach polskich w XIX wieku. Pokazano, jaki wpływ miały kultura, religia i zwyczaje danej epoki historycznej na stosunek ludzi do zwłok ludzkich lub miejsc ich spoczynku, a także na odpowiednie regulacje prawne. Jak wskazuje Juliusz Makarewicz, przestępstwa, których przedmiotem czynności wykonawczej jest ciało zmarłego człowieka, jego grobu lub innego miejsca spoczynku są jednymi z najstarszych czynów zabronionych, a zarazem jednymi z najsurowiej karanych w początkowych etapach rozwoju społecznego. Było to spowodowane wierzeniem, że naruszenie zwłok lub miejsca ich spoczynku zaburza równowagę między światem żyjących i zmarłych, a co za tym idzie sprowadza niebezpieczeństwo na całe społeczeństwo. Artykuł stanowi ponadto próbę wykazania, że historia, religia i kultura są czynnikami prawotwórczymi.
Kształtowanie się odpowiedzialności karnej lekarza jako urzędnika państwowego pod rządami kodeksu karnego z 1932 r.
Authors: Marcinkowska Anna
Published: July 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu jest ewolucja odpowiedzialności karnej ukazana na przykładzie relacji pojęć lekarz–urzędnik, która była charakterystyczna dla zmian historycznych i ustrojowych państwa. Wiele instytucji prawnych, które obecnie obowiązują w kodeksie karnym, ukształtowało się w latach 1918-1939. Po 1945 r. i powstaniu Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej wzrosła rola państwa, co wyrażało się w traktowaniu lekarza jak urzędnika i funkcjonariusza państwowego, co było z kolei związane z poddaniem regulacji państwowej każdej dziedziny życia. Mimo to orzecznictwo sądowe próbowało zmniejszyć odpowiedzialność karną, która dotyczyła zbyt dużego kręgu podmiotów. Ten kierunek orzeczniczy był podstawą obecnych rozwiązań, które weszły w życie w kodeksie karnym z 1997 r.
The impact of ABCB1, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms on apixaban trough concentration and bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Skripka Alena I. , Krupenin Pavel M. , Kozhanova Olga N. , Kudryavtseva Anna A. , Fedina Ludmila V. , Akmalova Kristina A. , Bochkov Pavel O. , Sokolova Anastasiya A. , Napalkov Dmitriy A. , Sychev Dmitriy A.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Apixaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, is increasingly used worldwide for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism and ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Obviously, one of the ways to enhance effectiveness and safety of drug therapy is a personalized approach to therapy, which involves pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic tests. The study aims to investigate the effect of CYP3A4*22, CYP3A5*3 and ABCB1 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of apixaban and the risk of bleeding.

Methods

A total of 84 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study. All patients received apixaban 5 or 2.5 mg twice daily. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene (rs1045642 and rs4148738), CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C>T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A>G. A plasma trough concentration/dose (C/D) ratio was used as a pharmacokinetic index.

Results

The C/D ratio was higher in patients aged >80 years (F(1)=11.209, p=0.00124) and was affected by serum creatinine (>133 μmol/L, F(1)=6.7, p=0.01124). ABCB1 (rs1045642 and rs4148738), CYP3A5 (rs776746) and CYP3A4 (rs35599367) polymorphisms did not show a correlation with C/D ratio of apixaban. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that none of the clinical or genetic factors predicted the fact of bleeding.

Conclusions

We report no significant association between ABCB1 gene polymorphisms (rs1045642 and rs4148738), CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C>T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A>G and bleeding events on apixaban treatment. Complementing the existing criteria with pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetics information for the patients with AF will enable further individualization of apixaban.
In search of a semiotic model for onomatopoeia
Authors: Körtvélyessy Lívia
Published: June 2024

In recent years, numerous publications on onomatopoeia have discussed this class of words either separately or as a part of a broader class of ideophones. Those focused on onomatopoeia usually provide a language-specific description primarily based on phonological, morphological and/or syntactic characteristics. Semiotically oriented papers generally discuss the nature of onomatopoeia against the background of Saussure’s conception of arbitrariness. What is missing is the representation of onomatopoeia in the main semiotic models. Therefore, this paper outlines the fundamental semiotic models and adapts them to capture the class of onomatopoeia. The paper covers Saussure’s dyadic model of linguistic sign, the triadic models of Peirce and Ogden and Richards, and a cognitive onomasiological model proposed by Horecký. The latter’s advantage is that it is a dynamic model with potential for adaptation to various word-formation processes, including onomatopoeia-formation.
Cytomegalovirus congenital infection: long-term outcomes in a valaciclovir treated population
Authors: Vicente Maria , Carocha Ana I. , Rijo Claúdia , Cohen Álvaro , Martins Maria L.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

This case series aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in a population treated with valaciclovir during pregnancy. The study focuses on assessing the prevalence of long-term sequelae in infants with confirmed CMV fetal infection.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 pregnancies corresponding to 34 fetus with confirmed CMV congenital infection. They were followed from November 2004 to December 2020. Valaciclovir treatment was initiated after confirmation of fetal infection, and fetal outcomes were monitored through serial ultrasounds, neurosonography, and fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Postnatal assessments included: PCR confirmation, symptoms evaluation at birth, and long-term follow-up protocols for visual, auditory, and neurodevelopmental assessment.

Results

Therapy was started at a median gestational age of 24 weeks. Of the 34 newborns 79.4 % were asymptomatic at birth. Median follow-up time was 6 years and 32.35 % developed long-term sequelae. Neurosensorial hearing loss (SNHL) was the predominant sequelae. In the cases which developed sequelae 54.5 % had imaging findings, and all with major findings developed long-term sequelae.

Conclusions

In our treated population we had a higher asymptomatic rate at birth comparing with a non-treated population, similar to those found in previous studies. We had a long-term sequelae rate of 32.35 %, similar to recent studies on non-treated population, although we registered a slightly lower rate of SNHL. A larger multicenter studies with a longer follow-up time, where treatment is started in the first trimester, is of the utmost importance, so we can truly understand the correlation between these imaging findings, therapy and long-term sequelae.
On a solvable difference equations system of second order its solutions are related to a generalized Mersenne sequence
Authors: Hassani Murad Khan , Touafek Nouressadat , Yazlik Yasin
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we consider a class of two-dimensional nonlinear difference equations system of second order, which is a considerably extension of some recent results in the literature. Our main results show that class of system of difference equations is solvable in closed form theoretically. It is noteworthy that the solutions of aforementioned system are associated with generalized Mersenne numbers. The asymptotic behavior of solution to aforementioned system of difference equations when a = b and p = 0 are also given. Finally, numerical examples are given to support the theoretical results presented in this paper.
Mechanical properties of Sr inoculated A356 alloy by Taguchi-based gray relational analysis
Authors: Osman Yılmaz Serdar , Teker Tanju , Savaş Dalmış İbrahim , Bulus Ercan
Published: June 2024

In this study, Sr inoculated A356 alloy casted by sand-casting technique. Production parameters such as Sr concentration (wt.%), aging temperature (°C), aging time (h), and constant cooling rate were used. The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical features of inoculated A356 materials was examined by using scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and the Taguchi-based gray relational analysis method. The optimum production parameters for A356 alloy were determined as 0.03 Sr concentration, aging 300 °C temperature, and 3 h aging time. Multiple response optimization based on the interaction of these parameters provided a 30.15 % improvement in performance. Gray relational grade (GRG) experimental results showed that the most important parameter was Sr concentration, with a contribution of 76.51 %, according to the analysis by ANOVA statistical method.
Glossary of terms used in biochar research (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Bilias Fotis , Sewu Divine Damertey , Woo Seung Han , Anastopoulos Ioannis , Verheijen Frank , Lehmann Johannes , Teixeira Wenceslau Geraldes , Gasparatos Dionisios , Draper Kathleen , Kalderis Dimitrios
Published: June 2024

Biochar is the solid carbonaceous product of biomass pyrolysis. The properties of biochar depend on the biomass feedstock as well as the pyrolysis temperature and time. Therefore, biochars with different properties and functionalities can be produced. Biochar research has been intensive in the past 15 years, focusing mainly on soil applications, wastewater treatment, and contaminant remediation. However, a formal definition of biochar and related terms is missing, which hinders the standardization of scientific results worldwide and the scaling-up of research at the industrial level. Furthermore, an official terminology may promote the development of a harmonized legal framework for biochar production and applications, both at regional and national levels. This glossary of terms consists of 178 scientifically sound definitions of the most commonly used terms in biochar research. The definitions of this glossary are interconnected, allowing the reader to further explore the synergies between terms. The distribution of terms reflects the multidisciplinarity of biochar research: chemistry, material science and engineering, and soil science are the main disciplines represented here. The list of terms is by no means exhaustive and the strategic objective of this effort is to develop a dynamic document in which more terms will be added in the future, and the existing ones will be refined, as biochar research evolves.
Advances in detection, prevention and treatment of heart failure in type 2 diabetes: part II
Authors: Cowley Alice , Dattani Abhishek , Brady Emer , McCann Gerry , Gulsin Gaurav
Published: June 2024

This review is the second of two that aim to cover the advances in heart failure (HF) prevention, detection and treatment relevant to people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Part I focuses on HF classification and prevention, specifically lifestyle changes and primary preventative techniques including smoking cessation, physical activity, weight loss, lipid and glucose control. This concluded: 1) intensive blood glucose control is not in itself a necessary or sufficient treatment target for HF prevention, and a multifaceted preventative approach is likely to have a greater effect; 2) the most compelling evidence for HF risk reduction is for sodium glucose co- transporter 2 inhibitors although glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists may also have a role; and 3) patients likely to derive most benefit are those at highest risk of developing overt HF, which probably represent the majority of people with T2DM. Part II of this review will cover early detection of cardiac dysfunction and treatment of established heart failure. Particular emphasis is placed on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Critique, History and Politics: Notes for a Foucauldian Reading of the So-called Conquest of the Desert in Argentina
Authors: Raffin Marcelo
Published: June 2024

En este artículo, propongo una lectura en clave foucaultiana de la denominada “Conquista del Desierto”, que tuvo lugar en Argentina durante el siglo XIX, como acontecimiento fundacional de la formación de su Estado-nación y de su sociedad, y cuyos efectos siguen aún vigentes en el actual escenario político, económico, social y cultural del país. Luego de una breve presentación de la “Conquista del Desierto”, examino los conceptos y las orientaciones que el pensamiento foucaultiano ofrece para analizar dicho acontecimiento y sus implicancias y derivas. A continuación, esbozo algunas ideas, herramientas y líneas de estudio y comprensión del acontecimiento “Conquista del Desierto” a partir de investigaciones que se derivan del pensamiento foucaultiano o discuten con él y que atienden a las particularidades y especificidades de dicho acontecimiento. Finalmente, presento una serie de conclusiones tentativas acerca de las ideas, las herramientas y las orientaciones analizadas, sopesando sus alcances y potencialidades, a modo de epílogo de las cuestiones planteadas.
Interweaving Assessment into Students’ Authentic Learning
Authors: Lu Qingliang
Published: June 2024

Over decades, standardized testing has been the primary form of assessment of student learning. Standardized tests have been used as measurements of students’ knowledge retention, but with little capability of evaluating their capacities to apply knowledge in authentic contexts (Cai, 2000). With the advent of the information age, the limitations of conventional standardized tests have become increasingly pronounced. Assessment was one of the key concerns in the education reform in the 1990s. In the U.S., for example, America 2000: An Education Strategy emphasizes that measurements of student performance must be accurate, comparable, appropriate, and constructive; that placement decisions for young children should not be made on the basis of standardized tests; and that achievement tests must not simply measure minimum competencies, but also higher levels of reading, writing, speaking, reasoning, and problem-solving skills (Bush, 1991). Goals 2000: Educate America Act (1994) declares that its purpose is to provide a framework for meeting the National Education Goals by assisting in the development and certification of high-quality assessment measures that reflect the internationally competitive content and student performance standards, among other means.
A Bayesian Statistical Reassessment of Levantine Late Iron Age I Radiocarbon Data
Authors: Gil Orduña Enrique
Published: June 2024

The Levantine Iron Age I represents a crucial period, defined by the persistence of local Canaanite ware with few local and regional changes and the proliferation of Philistine Bichrome pottery after a ending period of the Late Bronze Age where Philistine Monochrome pottery and LH IIIC developed. Usually, scholars place its beginning in the 12th century BC, coinciding with the upheaval caused by the Egyptian withdrawal and the collapse of the Late Bronze Age palatial system, among other historical events. However, the conclusion of this era is a subject of disagreement. Archaeological evidence suggests a transitional phase towards the later Iron Age IIA, usually known as Late Iron Age I or Iron Age IB, marked by the early introduction of new features in pottery, announcing the subsequent revolution of the Iron Age IIA, while traditional ware kept predominant. Discrepancies arise from diverse interpretations of historical sources and methodological approaches to the archaeological record. Traditional perspectives often associate the end of this period with the rise of the Unified Kingdom of David and Solomon around 1000 BC — adherents to the High Chronology view — (Yadin, 1972) or the establishment of the later Israelite Samarian kingdom following Pharaoh Sheshonq’s military campaign around 930 BC — proponents of the Low Chronology view — (Finkelstein, 1996; Finkelstein and Silberman, 2001; Fantalkin and Finkelstein, 2006). Our research aims to illuminate this chronological debate using a robust Bayesian statistical approach. We meticulously gather radiocarbon data from stratified contexts spanning the Iron Age IB and adjacent periods to construct Bayesian models and average determinations. Our findings reveal that the transition to the Iron Age IIwas not uniform but rather heterogeneous, occurring between approximately 1050 and 930 BC. This challenges conventional interpretations that link the transition towards the Iron Age IIA to political incidents such as Davidic conquests or Sheshonq’s campaign. Instead, the adoption of new pottery styles reflects nuanced regional dynamics, suggesting a complex cultural evolution beyond the influence of centralized administration from Jerusalem or Samaria.
Educação do Campo, Currículo e a construção da identidade camponesa na EEM Francisco Araújo Barros (Itarema, Ceará, Brasil)
Authors: Lima Brendon Bessa , Lima Luiz Cruz , Vasconcelos Tereza Sandra Loiola
Published: June 2024

Este artigo busca compreender como a matriz pedagógica da Educação do Campo na Escola de Ensino Médio Francisco Araújo Barros pode contribuir para a construção da identidade camponesa das juventudes. A referida escola está localizada no Assentamento Lagoa do Mineiro (Itarema/CE). Para tanto, foram realizados procedimentos metodológicos, tais como pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e trabalhos de campo para o território. Para tanto, inicialmente foi discutido acerca da realidade educacional da escola. Posteriormente, foi debatido acerca das metodologias da EEM Francisco Araújo Barros, como ‘Inventário da Realidade’ e as ‘Porções da Realidade’, na construção de uma Educação do Campo que objetive a construção da identidade camponesa das juventudes presentes no território. Enquanto considerações finais, foi compreendido o papel que os sujeitos presentes no território do Assentamento Lagoa do Mineiro possuem para a construção permanente dessa Educação do Campo.