bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Flood Modeling in the Lake Nokoue Basin Using Statistical Models
Authors: DABIRE Namwinwelbere , EZIN Eugène. C. , Firmin A. M.
Published: October 2024

The evolution and acceleration of the effects of climate change on the water cycle demand adaptation and mitigation plans. Consequently, the implementation of public policies (management, governance, and strategy) regarding flood risk management or prevention (such as levee heights and spillway dimensions of dams) is based on the characterization of flood hazards. This requires understanding extreme climate phenomena and conducting a rigorous probabilistic analysis of hydrometric data. This study aims to estimate the flood quantiles for lake Nokoue. To achieve this, the adopted methodology involved fitting the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution, the Gumbel distribution, and the Generalized Pareto (GPA) distribution to the annual maximum water levels of lake Nokoue from 2015 to 2022. We estimated experimental probabilities using the Weibull formula. The assessment of the fit quality of the theoretical probability distributions to our data sample indicated that the Gumbel distribution was the most suitable, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0724, compared to 0.0754 and 0.0761 for the GEV and GPA distributions, respectively. The position and scale parameters (φ; α) of the Gumbel distribution were estimated to be 3.802 and 0.249, respectively. This allows for the calculation of the probability of an extreme water level occurring within a return period in a single day. Thus, the extreme water levels (flood quantiles) associated with return periods of 10, 50, and 100 years, as determined by the Gumbel distribution, are 4.36m, 4.77m, and 4.95m, respectively. These values are of crucial importance for the design of flood prevention structures (infrastructure) intended to mitigate flood risk.
The Impact of the Use of a Thermal Energy Storage on the Emission of Particulate Pollutants into the Atmosphere
Authors: Zwierzchowski Ryszard , Ziomacka Marlena , Niemyjski Olgierd
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the energy, operational and ecological efficiency of District Heating Systems (DHS) powered by a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant or a Heating Plant, Thermal Energy Storages (TES) should be used. Improvement of energy efficiency is primarily associated with greater operational efficiency of energy generation, improvement of operational efficiency and fewer start-ups and number of operating hours of peak boilers. Improving ecological efficiency is associated with lower emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. The presented paper examines the impact of the use and operation of a TES built in a CHP plant supplying a large DHS on the amount of particulates emission to the atmosphere. Detailed research was carried out for Siekierki-Warsaw and Białystok CHP plants in Poland. The analysis allowed to determine the factors affecting the reduction of pollutant emissions and the volume of the energy effect of using a TES in the CHP plant. In order to objectify the results of the comparative analysis of the impact of TES in CHP plant on the emission of particulates, the so-called Comparative Index (CI) was in-troduced, which takes into account the volume of electricity and heat production and climatic conditions in the analyzed time periods. The CI for the analyzed years, should have a similar value so that the results of the comparative analysis are fully representative. This condition is met for the selected base and comparative year for the CHP plant and DHS of Białystok, so the detailed results of analysis are presented for this facility. As a result of the application of TES in Białystok CHP plant, significant environmental effects related to the reduction of particulates emission have been achieved, for example, the total amount of annual Particulate Matters (PM) emission (PM10 and PM2.5) has been reduced by 27% and the maximum emission by 29%. On the other hand, the average decrease in particulates emission in the heating season varied in the range of 10 - 50%, while in the summer season the values of particulates emission were at a comparable level. A significant decrease in annual and one-hour average concentrations for PM10 and PM2.5 and particulates fallout for these two analyzed years was also found. The use of TES to reduce the occurrence and nuisance of the smog phenomenon, the main components of which are PM, is proposed, and selected models of forecasting concentrations of pollutants in the air, including particulates emission, are presented in order to implement this type of activities.
Contributions of Fat and Fatty Acids Intake to the Latin American Diet: Results of ELANS Study
Authors: Cortés Sanabria Lilia Yadira , Herrera-Cuenca Marianella , Yépez García Martha Cecilia , Hernández Pablo , Ramírez Guillermo , Vásquez Maura , Sifontes Yaritza , Liria-Domínguez María Reyna , Rigotti Attilio , Fisberg Mauro , Previdelli Agatha Nogueira , Kovalkys Irina , Landaeta-Jiménez Maritza , Gómez Georgina
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Fats, although essential for the proper functioning of the body, have been linked to an increased risk of developing chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of total fat, and its components (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fats) in men and women aged 15 to 65 years of the urban population in eight Latin American countries. Methods: Survey data were collected for the ELANS, including 9218 subjects from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Results: In general, 76.2% of the subjects consumed fat within normal ranges (20-35% of the total caloric value (TCV)). When analyzing its components, a majority of the subjects consumed saturated and polyunsaturated fats within the recommended ranges. However, 94.5% of the population does not comply with the recommended maximum intake of MUFA (10-20%) and only 57.5% comply with the intake recommendation for TFA (0 - 2%). Likewise, on average, women had a significantly higher intake of all types of fat compared to men. Finally, the average fat intake by age indicates that regardless of the age range, the consumption of all fats except MUFA and TRANS are within the recommended ranges, with MUFA being slightly below and TRANS above. Conclusions: Even though the fat intake of the population falls within the recommended range, it is necessary to improve the quality by favoring the consumption of MUFA and reducing the consumption of TRANS.
Analytical Solutions and Computer Modeling of a Boundary Value Problem for a Nonstationary System of Nernst-Planck-Poisson Equations in a Diffusion Layer
Authors: Kovalenko Savva , Kirillova Evgenia , Chekanov Vladimir , Uzdenova Aminat , Urtenov Mahamet
Published: October 2024

The article proposes various new approximate analytical solutions of the boundary value prob-lem for the non-stationary system of Nernst-Planck-Poisson (NPP) equations in the diffusion layer of an ideally selective ion-exchange membrane at overlimiting current densities. As is known, the diffusion layer in the general case consists of a space charge region and a region of local electroneutrality. The proposed analytical solutions of the boundary value problems for the non-stationary system of Nernst-Planck-Poisson equations are based on the derivation of a new singularly perturbed nonlinear partial differential equation for the potential in the space charge region (SCR). This equation can be reduced to a singularly perturbed inhomogeneous Burgers equation, which, by the Hopf-Cole transformation, is reduced to an inhomogeneous singularly perturbed linear equation of parabolic type. Inside the extended SCR, there is a suffi-ciently accurate analytical approximation to the solution of the original boundary value prob-lem. The electroneutrality region has a curvilinear boundary with the SCR, and with an un-known boundary condition on it. The article proposes a solution to this problem. The new ana-lytical solution methods developed in the article can be used to study non-stationary boundary value problems of salt ion transfer in membrane systems.
Identification of New Polyacetylenes from Dendropanax morbifera with PPAR-α Activity Study
Authors: Piao Donglan , Youn Isoo , Huynh Thanh-Hau , Kim Hyun Woo , Noh Sang Gyun , Chung Hae Young , Oh Dong-Chan , Seo Eun Kyoung
Published: October 2024

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille is a traditional medicine used to treat migraine headache and dysmenorrhea. In this study, a new phenolic glycoside, morbiferoside A (1), and three polyacetylenes, methyl (10E,9R,16R)-16-acetoxy-9-hydroxyoctadeca-10,17-dien-12,14-diynoate (2), methyl (10E,9R,16S)-9,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-10-en-12,14-diynoate (3), and methyl (10Z,9R,16S)-9,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-10,17-dien-12,14-diynoate (4), were isolated from the aerial parts of D. morbifera, together with seven known compounds (5–11). Importantly, the isolates, 7 and 9 were found in the family Araliaceae for the first time in this study. Compounds 1−11 were evaluated for their binding affinity to AMPK and CTSS receptors using in silico docking simulations. Only compound 8 increased the protein expression levels of PPAR-α, Sirt1, and AMPK when administered to HepG2 cells as a PPAR-α agonist. On the other hand, 8 did not produce any significant reduction in CTSS activity. This study could pave the way for the discovery of novel treatments from D. morbifera targeting PPAR-α and AMPK.
Artificial Intelligence and Logistics: Recent Trends and Development
Authors: didast fatima zahra , nassih rym , ait elbachir ilham
Published: October 2024

This article explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is drastically changing the logistics industry by transforming operations and significantly improving customer satisfaction. Through meticulous analysis of real-life cases and extensive examination of numerical data, this comprehensive research thoroughly investigates the profound impact of AI on supply chain management. The findings clearly reveal the multifaceted role of AI in significantly reducing costs, greatly improving delivery accuracy, and significantly enhancing inventory control. AI is not just an incremental advancement, but rather a revolutionary leap forward for the future logistics industry, firmly paving the way for unparalleled automation, digital transformation, and operational effectiveness
Natural Savannah Systems Within the “One Welfare” Approach: Part 1. Traditional Farmers' Perspectives, Environmental Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Romero Marlyn H. , Gallego-Polania Sergio A. , Sanchez Jorge A.
Published: October 2024

The Colombian Orinoquia is an ecosystem of major importance due to its hydrological and bio-logical richness. However, these natural landscapes share space and land use with livestock production systems. This study was developed to identify the perceptions and experiences of traditional livestock producers and institutional representatives on human welfare, animal wel-fare and the environment and to identify environmental challenges and opportunities for im-provement within the One Welfare concept. Focus groups were held with producers (men and women) and institutional representatives from Vichada. Cultural and identity dynamics define the concept of human welfare. Animal welfare was based on favoring the animals' natural behavior, maintaining the animal's physical health and good care. The environment was focused on the conservation of the natural savannah. Climate change, solid waste management and the use of controlled burns were major challenges. As solutions, it was proposed that institutional work, partnerships, environmental governance and education should be promoted.
Assessing the Role of Coastal Ecosystems in Flood Reduction in Selected Communities of Rivers State
Authors: Onwubiko Chinomnso Chinazum , Aheto Dennis Worlanyo
Published: October 2024

Coastal ecosystems are crucial in mitigating the impact of coastal hazards on society. However, the paucity of infor-mation about the purpose of these ecosystems in reducing floods in Rivers State, Nigeria. This study aims to assess the contribution of mangrove ecosystems in protecting coastal communities from flooding using the InVEST coastal vulnera-bility model (version 3.10.2). The model analyzes various data inputs and assigns relative numbers, ranging from 1 to 5, indicating different levels of exposure. Data on population, bathymetry, shoreline type, land use land cover, and conti-nental shelf were obtained from relevant websites and the InVEST model package. The findings indicate that the mangrove ecosystems in River State offer minimal protection against coastal flooding due to their degraded state caused by oil spills and over-exploitation. Additionally, sandy beaches provide little to no protection, and the socio-economic conditions in the communities contribute to increased vulnerability to flooding. The study recommends awareness programs to educate the public about the importance of mangroves for coastal protection in addition to their conservation and restoration.
Multi-Frequency Microwave Sensing System with Frequency Selection Method for Pulverized Coal Concentration
Authors: Tian Haoyu , Gao Feng , Meng Yuwei , Jia Xiaoyan , Yu Rongdong , Wang Zhan , Liu Zicheng
Published: October 2024

Accurate measurement of pulverized coal concentration (PCC) is crucial for optimizing the production efficiency and safety of coal-fired power plants. Traditional microwave attenuation methods typically rely on a single frequency for analysis while neglecting valuable information in the frequency domain, making them susceptible to the varying sensitivity of the signal at different frequencies. To address this issue, we propose an innovative frequency selection method based on principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithms and implement a multi-frequency microwave sensing system for PCC measurement. This method transcends the constraints of single-frequency analysis by employing a developed hardware system to control multiple working frequencies and signal paths. It measures insertion loss data across the sensor cross-section at various frequencies and utilizes PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the high-dimensional full-path insertion loss data. Subsequently, the OMP algorithm is applied to select the optimal frequency signal combination based on the contribution rates of the eigenvectors, enhancing measurement accuracy through multi-dimensional fusion. Experimental results demonstrate that the multi-frequency microwave sensing system effectively extracts features from high-dimensional PCC samples and selects the optimal frequency combination. Filed experiments conducted on five coal mills show that, within a common PCC range of 0–0.5 kg/kg, the system achieves a minimum mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.41% and a correlation coefficient of 0.85. These results indicate that the system can quantitatively predict PCC and promptly detect PCC fluctuations, highlighting its immediacy and reliability.
A Combined Effect of Mixed Multi-Microplastic Types on Growth and Yield of Tomato
Authors: Emenike Chijioke U , Adelugba Adeola , MacDonald Mason Thane , Asiedu Samuel Kwaku , Ofoe Raphael , Abbey Lord
Published: October 2024

Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles ranging from 1,000 to 5,000 µm in diameter, posing a growing environmental and health risk. Composting is an excellent way to add nutrient-rich humus to the soil to boost plant development, but it also pollutes agricultural soil with MPs. Previous research has shown that MPs can threaten plant development, production, and quality, hence they must be studied. This study examined how a mixture of three MP types—polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP)—affected greenhouse tomato plant development. MP types were spiked at 1% w/w (MPs/soil) in tomato pots, whereas non-spiked growth medium was the control. Statistical analysis was conducted using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (95% confidence) to compare treatments and controls. Soil spiked with MPs increased chlorophyll content (SPAD), transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, and stomata conductance by 5.16%, 16.71%, 25.81%, and 20.75%, respectively, compared to the control but decreased sub-stomata CO2 concentration by 3.23%. However, MPs did not significantly affect tomato plant morpho-physiological features (p > 0.05). Biochemical analysis of tomato fruits showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction effects of MPs on carotenoid, total flavonoid, and sugar but increased protein, ascorbate, and peroxidase activity. However, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the effects of the combined MPs on total phenolic content. These data imply that whereas MPs did not influence tomato plant physiological and morphological properties, tomato fruit biochemistry was reduced. This raise concerns that an increase in MPs in soils may reduce antioxidant content and negatively affect human health contributing to a decrease in food security.
Measurements of the Magnetic Flux Density in Steel Blocks of the CMS Magnet Yoke with the Solenoid Coil Fast Discharges
Authors: Klyukhin Vyacheslav , Curé Benoit , Gaddi Andrea , Kehrli Antoine , Ostrega Maciej , Pons Xavier
Published: October 2024

The general-purpose Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN studies a production of new particles in the proton-proton collisions at the LHC center of mass energy 13.6 TeV. The detector includes the magnet based on the 6 m diameter superconducting solenoid coil operating with the current of 18.164 kA. This current creates a central magnetic flux density of 3.8 T that allows to measure momenta of the produced in collisions charged particles with tracking and muon subdetectors at a high precision. The CMS magnet contains a 10,000 ton flux-return yoke made of construction steel that bends muons in steel blocks magnetized with the solenoid returned magnetic flux. To reconstruct the muon trajectories, and thus, to measure the muon momenta, the drift tube and cathode strip chambers are located between the layers of the steel blocks and serve for this purpose. To describe the distribution of the magnetic flux in the magnet yoke layers, a three-dimensional computer model of the CMS magnet is used. To prove the calculations, the special measurements are performed with the flux loops wound in 22 cross-sections of the flux-return yoke blocks. The measured voltages induced in the flux loops during the CMS magnet ramp ups and downs, as well as during the superconducting coil fast discharges with the 190 s time constant, are integrated over time to obtain the initial magnetic flux densities in the flux loop cross-sections. The measurements obtained during the seven standard ramp downs of the magnet have been analyzed in 2018. From that time three fast discharges are occurred during the standard ramp downs of the magnet. This allows to single out the contributions of the eddy currents, induced in steel, to the flux loop voltages registered during the fast discharges of the coil. Accounting for these contributions to the flux loop measurements during manually triggered fast discharges in 2006 allows to perform the validation of the CMS magnet computer model with a better precision. The technique of the flux loop measurements, and the obtained results are presented and discussed.
A Particularly Dangerous Case of the Bubble Effect in Transformers which Appearing in a Large Mass of Pressboard Heated by Mineral Oil
Authors: Moranda Hubert , Moscicka-Grzesiak Hanna
Published: October 2024

The topic concerns the so far unknown mechanism of bubble effect in a large mass of moistured cellulose heated with mineral oil. The so far well-known phenomenon of bubble effect occurs in the Hot Spot area, i.e., in the place where the hot metal of the windings is in contact with the winding paper. As a result of presented in the article model tests, it was shown that cyclical heating of the transformer windings causes significant drying of the winding paper what reduces the possibility of bubble effect in the Hot Spot area, while there is a possibility of bubble effect appearing in large volume of pressboard heated with mineral oil. It has been shown that the pressure in the air cushion over oil surface, after the bubble effect starts in the pressboard, depends on the ratio of the mass of cellulose to the mass of oil: the greater the ratio, the greater the pressure in the air cushion. The ar-ticle presents the dependence of bubble effect initiation temperature in pressboard heated with oil on pressboard moisture.
Studies on Oxidative Damage of the Wobble 5-methylcarboxymethyl-2-thiouridine in tRNA of Eukaryotic Cells with Disturbed Homeostasis of the Antioxidant System
Authors: Sierant Malgorzata , Szewczyk Rafal , Dziergowska Agnieszka , Krolewska-Golinska Karolina , Szczupak Patrycja , Bernat Przemyslaw , Nawrot Barbara
Published: October 2024

We have previously shown that 2-thiouridine (S2U), either as a single nucleoside or as an element of RNA chain, is effectively desulfurized under applied in vitro oxidative conditions. Chemically induced desulfuration of S2U resulted in two products: 4-pyrimidinone nucleoside (H2U) and uridine (U). Recently, we investigated whether desulfuration of S2U is a natural process that also occurs in cells exposed to oxidative stress or whether it only occurs in the test tube during chemical reaction with oxidants at high concentrations. Using different types of eukaryotic cells, such as baker's yeast, human cancer cells or modified HEK293 cells with impaired antioxidant system, we confirmed that 5-substituted 2-thiouridines are oxidatively desulfurized in the wobble position of the anticodon of some tRNAs. Quantitative LC-MS/MS-MRMhr analysis of nucleoside mixtures obtained from hydrolyzed tRNA revealed the presence of desulfuration products of mcm5S2U: mcm5H2U and mcm5U modifications. We also observed some amounts of immature cm5S2U, cm5H2U and cm5U products, which may indicate a disruption of an enzymatic modification pathway at the C5 position of 2-thiouridine. The observed process, which is triggered by oxidative stress in living cells, could impair the function of 2-thiouridine-containing tRNAs and alter the translation of genetic information.
Sustainable Shipping Required Sustainable Education and Training
Authors: Dimitranov Dilyan , Belev Blagovest
Published: October 2024

The Blue Economy is a multi-layered economy in its content, although it only reflects the relation between sea and business. Shipping is an essential part of it and with the largest market share. Sustainable shipping, however, requires the sustainability of a number of components that make it up. One of them, and perhaps the most important, is the training of marine personnel and in particular ship’s crew. Education is a key process that does not complete with graduation in the educational institution, as the foundations of professional training are laid there. An increasingly common practice by shipping companies is postgraduate training as ship officer seminars and refresher courses. This article investigates the results of surveys and interviews with officers and engineers from various shipping companies regarding the effectiveness of this type of training. A detailed analysis of strengths and weaknesses in the context of the principles of andragogy science and the Lifelong Learning strategy is in order. The article summarizes author’s experience from their sea practice as officers of the watch and Masters on board of merchant vessels and participants in postgraduate education and training as well.
Nessler Method Verification for Determining Ammonia in Shrimp Pond Wastewater and Its Application in the Ammonia Adsorption Test with Lampung Natural Zeolite
Authors: Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Ratna , Ratri Lia Madyo , Setyawan Andi , Rilyanti Mita , Rinawati Rinawati , Kiswandono Agung Abadi , Kurniawati Fitri
Published: October 2024

Ammonia levels exceeding 0.50 mg/L can threaten organisms in aquatic environments. The Nessler method is one of the ammonia analysis methods based on the reaction between ammonia in a basic solution and Nessler reagent (K2HgI4), forming a colloidal dispersion with a brownish-yellow colour. The colour intensity is determined by spectrophotometry. This research aims to verify the Nessler method for determining ammonia levels in shrimp pond wastewater. The research results indicate that the Nessler method shows good linearity in the range of ammonia concentrations from 1 to 5 mg/L, with a correlation coefficient (R2) value of 0.9962. The precision value was determined from repeatability, expressed as %RSD (Relative Standard Deviation), i.e., 1.92%, and it meets acceptance criteria, which should be less than 0.5 of the Horwitz RSD. The accuracy obtained from the standard addition method provides a percentage recovery value of 99.25%, meeting the AOAC acceptance criteria. The detection limit and quantification limit of the technique are 0.3883 mg/L and 1.2943 mg/L, respectively. The verified method is then applied to analyze shrimp pond wastewater samples from Sriminosari Village, East Lampung, resulting in an ammonia concentration of 1.52 mg/L. The ammonia levels were then reduced by adsorption with natural zeolite Lampung, decreasing ammonia levels by 20.30%. Meanwhile, adsorption with an activated zeolite reduced the ammonia levels by 45.30%.
Enhancement of Liberica Coffee Quality by Wet Fermentation using Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Tarigan Indra Lasmana , Aulia Ericha , Heriyanti Heriyanti , Latief Madyawati , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: October 2024

Coffee is a tree species in the Rubiaceae family and Coffea genus. One way to enhance the value of coffee commodities is by using fermentation technology. Fermentation can use probiotic bacteria found in mongoose digestive tracts, creating coffee with a unique taste and aroma. Bacillus subtilis is one of these bacteria, offering an alternative to those from mongoose. This study aimed to analyze the effects of fermentation using B. subtilis bacteria on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Liberica coffee. The study method included bacteria preparation, coffee fermentation, and testing. The samples' total phenolics, flavonoids, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid contents were estimated. The analysis was performed using UV-Vis and GC-MS spectrophotometers. The results revealed that the fermentation process using B. subtilis improved the sensory and physical qualities of the fermented Liberica coffee. The total values of phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidants of the fermented Liberica coffee were higher than that of the original coffee. GC-MS analysis exhibited compounds in the fermented coffee in which the highest was N-Dodecyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)dodecanamide (C26H48F3NO2), with a retention time of 23.73 minutes and an area percentage of 18.96%. Moreover, the caffeine and chlorogenic acid of the fermented Liberica coffee was lower than that of the original coffee.
Preparation and Characterization of Carbon/Si Nanocomposites Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Using SiC and SiO2
Authors: Hardini Retno Duwi , Saraswati Teguh Endah , Rahardjo Sentot Budi , Keshtta Alaa
Published: October 2024

Carbon-based nanocomposite materials have attracted the attention of researchers in the last decade due to their unique properties applicable in wide applications. This study aims to synthesize and study the characteristics of the carbon-based nanocomposite material produced using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with SiC and SiO2. The CVD process was carried out at 900 ℃ in a vacuum with flowing argon, hydrogen, and acetylene gases. The CVD process produced nanocomposites with more sp3 hybridized carbon atoms, as indicated by the D peak in the Raman spectra. The diffraction pattern analyses show that the resulting carbon powder nanocomposite growth with SiC powder (CSiC) reveals a carbon diffraction peak C(002) and has an elongated form confirmed by an electron microscope. In comparison, the resulting carbon powder nanocomposite growth with SiO2 powder (CSiO2) has a spherical form and presents a carbon diffraction peak C(002). CSiC nanocomposites showed both symmetric and asymmetric C‒H stretching. In FTIR data, CSiO2 nanocomposites show more intense O‒H group peaks but lower-intensity C‒H group vibrations.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Praktik Kerja Plambing Pada Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan UNY
Authors: Prihadi Wisnu Rachmad , Santoso Agus , Pratomo Hasdi Nur
Published: October 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini memiliki kontribusi (1) mengembangkan video pembelajaran Praktik Kerja Plambing dan Sanitasi, (2) mengetahui tingkat kelayakan media video pembelajaran Praktik Kerja Plambing dan Sanitasi, (3) mengetahui persepsi pengguna terkait video pembelajaran Praktik Kerja Plambing dan Sanitasi yang diterapkan pada Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan R&D dengan pendekatan model 4D (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan dari subjek penelitian dalam pembuatan produk video pembelajaran praktik kerja Plambing yaitu para ahli terkait materi plambing, ahli media. Instrumen yang digunakan menggunakan skala likert dengan mengukur tingkat kelayakan produk yang dikembangkan. Hasil yang didapatkan (1) tahapan define yaitu meganalisa kondisi awal, Analisa karakter peserta didik, Analisa konsep dan tujuan pembelajaran, tahapan design yaitu merancang skrip alur penyampaian informasi yang terdiri dari pembukaa, isi materi, penutup,, tahapan development yaitu proses merekam membuat video pembelajaran hingga selesainya editing video yang dihasilkan dan kemudian menguji validasi kelayakan produk oleh ahli , tahapan disseminate yaitu penyebarluasan secara terbatas produk yang dihasilkan dalam hal ini video pembelajaran praktik kerja plambing kepada sample untuk menilai dan mengetahui tingkat kelayakan dan kebermanfaatan produk; (2) tingkat kelayakan produk berdasarka konten materi yang dibuat bernilai 4,58 tergolong kategori “sangat layak”, sedangkan penilaiaan berdasarkan media yang dibuat bernlai 4,91 tergolong kategori “sangat layak; (3) Hasil disseminate yang telah dilakukan mendapatkan nilai persepsi pengguna akan produk termasuk kategori sangat tinggi diperoleh persentase kelayaan prduk sebesar 91,52% yang masuk kedalama kategori “Sangat Layak”. 
Analisis Perbandingan Transportasi Publik Rail Based Transportation di Thailand dan Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Candra Ari , Trisnanda Putra Fajar Ramadhan , Rudfi Liefki Azizan , Pratama Mahardhika Wahyu , Aina Risda Nuril , Rahmawati Roselina , Fernanda Fery , Syuhada Fakhruddin Lathif , Andayani Galuh Putri , Utami Rasyida Vania
Published: October 2024

Abstrak : Penelitian ini dibuat guna mengetahui perbandingan transportasi publik berbasis rel antara Thailand dan Indonesia dari sistem transportasi MRT, ARL, dan LRT. Transportasi berbasis rel telah menjadi komponen penting dalam sistem transportasi perkotaan di berbagai negara, termasuk Jakarta, Indonesia, dan Bangkok, Thailand. MRT Jakarta, yang dioperasikan oleh PT MRT Jakarta, telah menjadi solusi transportasi yang efektif dengan jalur sepanjang 15,7 km yang menghubungkan Lebak Bulus dan Bundaran HI. Di sisi lain, MRT Bangkok melayani kawasan metropolitan dengan 53 stasiun dan panjang sistem 70,6 km. Selain itu, Airport Rail Link (ARL) Jakarta dan Bangkok menyediakan layanan kereta bandara untuk mempersingkat waktu perjalanan dari pusat kota ke bandara. ARL Jakarta, dikelola oleh PT Angkasa Pura II dan PT Kereta Api Indonesia, terintegrasi dengan berbagai moda transportasi umum di Jakarta. Sementara itu, ARL Bangkok, dioperasikan oleh Asia Era One Company Limited, memiliki jalur sepanjang 28,6 km dengan layanan Express dan City Line. LRT Jakarta, fase pertama yang diresmikan pada Desember 2019, membawa inovasi dalam transportasi perkotaan dengan jalur layang sepanjang 5,8 km. Di Thailand, BTS Skytrain di Bangkok menawarkan sistem angkutan cepat yang melayang dengan tiga jalur, Sukhumvit, Silom dan Gold, melintasi 44 stasiun dengan panjang rute 70,05 km.
DETERMINATION OF LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF A LINEAR ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERTER FOR THE TILT SYSTEM OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK
Authors: Iakunin D. , Kozma V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the prerequisites for selecting the parameters of a Linear Electromechanical Energy Converter (LEEC) for the tilt system of railway rolling stock. Special attention is given to determining the required force to tilt the body to a specified angle and the load characteristics of the LEEC. To achieve this goal, a simulation model has been created that allows for the variation of geometric and physical parameters to obtain load characteristics for different configurations of the tilt mechanism. The obtained load characteristics are used to find the optimal placement of linear actuators in the tilt system.
Comparación de la remoción del barro dentinario con el uso de oligosacárido de quitosano al 5%, citrato de oligosacárido de quitosano al 5%, ácido cítrico al 10% y edta al 17% en conductos radiculares de premolares inferiores humanos. Estudio al microscopio electrónico de barrido
Authors:   , Molina Quispe Jairo Jhoel
Published: October 2024

El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia del derivado del quitosano y su unión al ácido cítrico con los quelantes utilizados tradicionalmente en la práctica clínica. Materiales y métodos: Se decoronaron 50 premolares inferiores, estandarizando a longitud de 15 mm, posteriormente se instrumentaron con técnica telescópica hasta diámetro 40.02, irrigados con hipoclorito de sodio al 5%. Las muestras se dividieron según el tratamiento del barro dentinario (n=10). Grupo I: Oligosacárido de quitosano al 5%, Grupo II: Citrato de oligosacárido de quitosano al 5%, Grupo III: Ácido cítrico al 10%, Grupo IV: Ácido etilendiaminotetraacético al 17% y Grupo V: Agua destilada. Las muestras se seccionaron longitudinalmente, se pulverizaron con oro y se observaron con un microscopio electrónico de barrido con aumentos de 2000X y 5000X (FIB-SEM Scios 2 LoVac, ThermoScientific, EE. UU.). Resultados: La comparación entre grupos se realizó con la prueba de Kruskall-Wallis (p< .05). La comparación intragrupo se realizó con la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, encontrandose diferencias significativas entre los grupos experimentales con el grupo control negativo (p< .05) En el tercio apical, el citrato de quitosano-oligosacárido demostró una mejor eliminación de la capa de barro en comparación con los otros grupos (p< .05), pero no con el ácido etilendiaminotetraacético (p> .05). En el tercio cervical y medio no se encontraron diferencias (p>.05). Conclusión: El oligosacárido de quitosano y el citrato de oligosacárido de quitosano demostraron un efecto quelante similar al del ácido cítrico y al ácido etilendiaminotetraacético, pero no fueron superiores.
Comparación de la resistencia flexural de tres resinas bisacrílicas. Estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Rodriguez Montoya Ivonne Nathalie
Published: October 2024

Antecedentes. El uso de restauraciones provisionales durante el tratamiento ofrece una serie de ventajas desde el punto funcional y estetico, debido a esto, durante el paso de los años, los materiales han experimentado modificaciones en su composicion con el fin de cumplir mejor sus funciones. Objetivos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la resistencia flexural de tres resinas bisacrilicas diferentes. Materiales y metodos. Se fabricaron treinta muestras divididas en tres grupos (n=10). El primer grupo conformado por la resina bisacrilica Protemp TM 3M ESPE, el segundo grupo utilizo Luxacrown DMG y el tercer grupo Luxatemp DMG. Todas las muestras fueron almacenadas 24 horas a una temperatura de 37a calor seco. Luego se procedió a la aplicación de cargas en tres puntos, donde dos ellos se encuentran separados a 20mm y un tercer punto en medio aplica la carga con una velocidad de 1mm/min hasta el fallo. Para esta prueba se utilizó una máquina de ensayo universal de la marca LG CMT- 5L. Resultados. La resistencia flexural en el grupo Protemp TM 3M ESPE fue 82.22  6.15, en el grupo Luxacrown DMG 82.72  3.73 y Luxatemp DMG 83.42 4.22. La prueba Anova de un factor demostró que no exiten diferencias significativas entre los grupos. (p>0.05). Conclusiones. No hubo diferencia significativa en la resistencia flexural entre los grupos Protemp TM 3M ESPE, Luxacrown DMG y Luxatemp DMG.
Evaluación de la removilización de nitrógeno en Gunnera margaretae Schindl. para posible conservación del bosque montano en el valle de Oxapampa
Authors:   , Vourtsi Cordova Alexandra Isabella
Published: October 2024

La removilización de nitrógeno en las especies del género Gunnera implica al-gunas diferencias por la endosimbiosis con la cianobacteria Nostoc que le brinda una mayor fijación de nitrógeno y, a su vez, mayor valor para los bosques mon-tanos, principalmente en la provincia de Oxapampa, en los cuales se desarrolla una agricultura intensiva de corta duración perjudicial para el suelo. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la removilización de nitrógeno de Gun-nera margaretae respecto a su fertilización natural y posible conservación del bosque montano. La metodología aplicada fue la determinación del porcentaje de nitrógeno para distintos órganos vegetativos (tallos, raíces, hojas) a través del método de Kjeldahl. La identificación de colonias formadas por las cianobac-terias Nostoc punctiforme y Oscilatoria sp., fue a través de microscopio a un aumento de 1000x. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron un porcentaje alto de nitrógeno (1,72%), en comparación con leguminosas como la alfalfa (1,26%), trébol (0,4%) y frejol común (0,67%) consideradas fijadoras de nitrógeno por excelencia. En este contexto, la conclusión fundamental del estudio arroja luz sobre la posibilidad de aprovechar los resultados obtenidos después de analizar detenidamente el proceso de fijación llevado a cabo por G. margaretae. Esta investigación podría desempeñar un papel crucial al combinarse con otros estu-dios relacionados, con el potencial de generar un impacto significativo en la pro-ducción de abonos orgánicos, la promoción de la sostenibilidad del suelo y, en última instancia, la mejora de la calidad de vida de los agricultores locales en la región.
Optimizing Well Performance: Leveraging Flow Back Loops for Packer Removal Assessment
Authors: Al Manthari M. , Ferdiansyah E. , Abuawad A. , Ali A. , Al Mahrouqi A. , Al Hashli M. , Al Zaabi A. , Busaidi Y. , Al Gheilani H. , Ji P.
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to address and mitigate the exacerbated ESP gas lock issues in packer completion operations, in Microporous reservoirs in North West Oman, that hinder fluid lifting, reduce production rates, and cause frequent ESP trips. By introducing an innovative solution for packer removal, it seeks to enhance ESP performance, prolong run life, and significantly reduce deferment, particularly in microporous/tight reservoirs with limited water injection support. Packer removal is considered justified under the company's well integrity management practices if a well cannot flow naturally within three days. To evaluate this, flowback tests were conducted in the field to assess natural well flowing capability within this timeframe. Multiple campaigns successfully demonstrated free-flow capability under ambient conditions. Additionally, Dynamic Transient Simulation analysis was used to predict natural flow following ESP shut-ins under atmospheric backpressure conditions. Model validation and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate ESP shut-ins and restarts without activating the ESP. The correlation between simulation results and flowback test findings reinforced the reliability of the conclusions. The implementation of flowback loop technology has shown substantial practical benefits. Based on flowback loop and dynamic transient modeling, the inaugural campaign of packer removal from four wells significantly reduced ESP trips, improved operational efficiency, and decreased oil deferment. In 2023, packer removal where feasible led to a net oil deferment reduction of approximately 22,000 barrels. By 2024, extending packer removal to 18 wells further reduced deferment by around 750 bbl/d. This technology not only improves production by allowing gas to escape, preventing gas lock conditions, but also ensures well integrity compliance without the adverse effects of traditional packer use. This dual benefit showcases a forward-thinking approach to managing ESP gas lock issues. The adoption of flowback loop technology combined with dynamic modeling represents a significant strategic advancement. This solution enables real-time evaluation of a well's natural flow capacity within the critical initial 72-hour period post-installation. This approach aligns with well integrity management standards, providing a proactive solution to prevent future gas lock issues and enhancing overall operational efficiency.
Resolving Rigless ESP Deployment Challenges Using a Modified Coiled Tubing Injector Head
Authors: Sarian Serko , Banjar Hattan , Chidirim Ejim , Munif Eiman
Published: October 2024

Electric Submersible Pumps (ESPs) are conventionally rig-deployed via production tubing, with clamped-on power cable. The long wait and installation times incur high operating expenses, with large surface and carbon footprints. Riglessly-deployed, permanent ESP systems address the above limitations, but challenges include safe deployment of the large, heavy high-power cable and ESP to the required setting depths. This paper discusses a solution using commercial Coiled Tubing unit with modified injector head grippers.

A wireline-style, stranded armor power cable design offers the best compromise for flexibility, and long-term operational reliability inside a well. Cable damage by Coiled Tubing Injector head during deployment, however, can be a showstopper. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA), followed by multiple gripper designs and lab tests led to the optimum gripper architecture. The target Injector head was then fitted with one gripper set. Dynamic and static tests were performed with the ESP power cable. Correct gripper pressures, maximum safe loads and operating risks were determined for field operations. Crew training procedures were updated to address the critical deployment challenge.

After installation and retrieval from the test well, the cable was inspected for damage. The maximum static pull test cable sample was stripped down to the individual conductors and thoroughly inspected for external and internal mechanical and electrical damage. Besides the intentional gripper slippage surface wear, no internal damage or cable mechanical integrity compromise were observed. The decision was made to proceed with full-field trial using operational settings recorded during the tests. A complete set of operational instructions and guidelines was also established for the upcoming ESP field trial.

The novel gripper design and rigorous testing proved that stranded armor cables can be safely conveyed using Coiled Tubing Injector heads. Thus, saving significant cost and time that would have been spent developing fit-for-purpose cable deployment winch units and reels.
Exploring the Relationship Between H2S Concentration and ESP Failures: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Alomran Abdulaziz Y. , Alghamdi Anwar S.
Published: October 2024

Achieving a balance between efficiency and sustainability is imperative to meet the rising demand of oil production. The study aims to analyze Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) impact on the operational run life of Electric Submersible Pumps (ESPs), with the objective of identifying optimal conditions that prolong ESP longevity, reduce environmental footprint, and enhance sustainability.

The study applied a comprehensive analytical approach using a large sample size and investigated how higher H2S concentrations impacts ESP run life, considering various reservoir parameters over extended periods. Additionally, the analysis included historical data in diverse field environments, covering different H2S concentrations, to ensure broad applicability unlocking room for improvement, by examining a large sample size and employing analytical techniques, this study sheds light on the factors influencing ESP longevity, thus contributing to enhanced understanding and sustainable practices in oil production.

The analysis revealed inverse relationship between H2S concentration and ESP run life. Lower ESP run life was notably found in reservoirs with high H2S concentrations, leading to increased environmental impact and reduced sustainable well production. In order to mitigate H2S impact on run life, different ESP pumps and completion types are utilized based on reservoir conditions. In harsh well environments with high H2S levels, ESPs fitted with metal-to-metal Motor Lead Extension (MLE) are deployed to prolong the longevity of ESP systems, while in milder conditions, ESPs with conventional MLE serve. Overall, the findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between H2S, fluid properties, and ESP run life, guiding the adoption of sustainable production strategies that optimize productivity while mitigating environmental harm.

This research presents novel and valuable viewpoints on how H2S affects ESP run life, while also highlighting strategies for identifying optimal conditions to enhance ESPs efficiency and prolong their run life and sustainability. These discoveries can serve as a cornerstone for refining industry standards and methodologies, advocating for a more sustainable paradigm in oil and gas extraction.
Historical case of Offshore application of Booster ESP in wells with Heavy Oil and High Percentage of H2S and CO2
Authors: Castillo Juan A. Sordo , Paez Libar A. Vega , Perez Sarita Y. Sandoval
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this document is to share the development of the application of Booster ESP in wells with high power requirements and high rates which are located in Marine Region of México where fails means high impacts in costs. These reservoirs are characterized for its high annual decline rate of reservoir pressure, from 4 to 7 kg/cm2 per year what means low statics level of fluid, 2000 tvd, and low pump intake pressures compared to the bubble pressure of the field, in addition to heavy crude oil (10 °API) with low percentage of water (0 – 30%), high percentage (>20%mol) of hydrogen sulfide acid (H2S), high percentage (>10%mol) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and high temperatures (from 120 to 130 °C). The application of this kind of completions or configurations where Dual ESP Pods operate simultaneously, will allow to widen the operational range of those wells or ESP that are limited by power, depth, pressure, or temperature through a distribution of loads between both ESP reducing power requirements and motor temperature and hence, scale precipitation, increasing the ESP run life. Once Booster system design was defined, an application plan which consist of two phases was deployed, the first phase showed that Upper ESP operate with high motor temperature vs Lower ESP, about 4 and 8%, this due to heat transfer. The second phase, where the dual ESP system was optimized and designed according to the well needs show excellent results, reducing current consumption and power requirements between 20 and 40%, furthermore, motor temperature reduce almost 10%.

The novelty of this project is in the ability to increase the experience with this kind of operational philosophy with heavy oil, high temperature and low-pressure reservoirs, that will allow to increase run life and reduce operating costs for interventions due to recurrent failures.