bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reasons for (not) choosing dental treatments—A qualitative study based on patients’ perspective
Authors: Felgner Susanne , Dreger Marie , Henschke Cornelia
Published: May 2022

Oral health is increasingly seen as a public health challenge due to the remarkable prevalence of oral diseases worldwide, the impact on general health, and health consequences that can arise for individuals. Compared to other health services, oral health services are usually not fully covered by statutory health insurance, which is seen as one reason in decision-making on dental treatments. Nevertheless, patients’ reasons for treatment decisions are not well understood although they can provide valuable insights. The objective of this study was to identify reasons of choice for dental treatments and to explore patients’ view on cost coverage in Germany. We conducted four focus group interviews with a total of 27 participants. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data was analyzed performing conventional content analysis. As part of a qualitative analysis, subcategories and categories were formed from identified reasons using an inductive approach. Our study supports and expands research in exploring patients’ decision-making on dental treatments. It highlights a variety of 53 reasons of choice for dental treatments from patients’ perspective, split in two categories “health care service”, and “dentist & dental office”. First category includes reasons regarding dental care performance (subcategories: “preconditions”, “treatment”, “costs”, and “outcomes”). Second category demonstrates reasons regarding dentists, office structures and processes (subcategories: "professional skills", "social skills", "office staff & equipment", and "office processes”). Reasons named “most important” by the participants are out-of-pocket payments, dentists’ training, and a relationship of trust between patient and dentist. Although the participants use incentive measures to lower financial burden, several perceived challenges exist. Identified reasons for choosing dental treatments provide a basis for further studies to quantify the relevance of these reasons from patients’ perspective. Based on this, the various reasons identified can be considered in future policies to improve patients’ utilization behavior, which can range from improved information sources to increased incentive measures.
PEGDA microencapsulated allogeneic islets reverse canine diabetes without immunosuppression
Authors: Harrington Stephen , Karanu Francis , Ramachandran Karthik , Williams S. Janette , Stehno-Bittel Lisa
Published: May 2022

Background

Protection of islets without systemic immunosuppression has been a long-sought goal in the islet transplant field. We conducted a pilot biocompatibility/safety study in healthy dogs followed by a dose-finding efficacy study in diabetic dogs using polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) microencapsulated allogeneic canine islets.

Methods

Prior to the transplants, characterization of the canine islets included the calculations determining the average cell number/islet equivalent. Following measurements of purity, insulin secretion, and insulin, DNA and ATP content, the islets were encapsulated and transplanted interperitoneally into dogs via a catheter, which predominantly attached to the omentum. In the healthy dogs, half of the microspheres injected contained canine islets, the other half of the omentum received empty PEGDA microspheres.

Results

In the biocompatibility study, healthy dogs received increasing doses of cells up to 1.7 M cells/kg body weight, yet no hypoglycemic events were recorded and the dogs presented with no adverse events. At necropsy the microspheres were identified and described as clear with attachment to the omentum. Several of the blood chemistry values that were abnormal prior to the transplants normalized after the transplant. The same observation was made for the diabetic dogs that received higher doses of canine islets. In all diabetic dogs, the insulin required to attempt to control blood glucose was cut by 50–100% after the transplant, down to no required insulin for the course of the 60-day study. The dogs had no adverse events and behavioral monitoring suggested normal activity after recovery from the transplant.

Conclusions and implications

The study provides evidence that PEGDA microencapsulated canine islets reversed the signs of diabetes without immunosuppression and led to states of insulin-independence or significantly lowered insulin requirements in the recipients.
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis
Authors: Ilic Irena , Zivanovic Macuzic Ivana , Kocic Sanja , Ilic Milena
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Suicide by firearm is a major public health problem in many countries. But, studies that investigated the mortality of suicide by firearm on a global scale are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the global, regional and national trends in mortality of suicide by firearm from 1990 to 2019.

Method

Mortality data of suicide by firearm was presented using the age-standardized rates (ASRs, expressed per 100,000). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends of mortality of suicide by firearm: the average annual percent change (AAPC) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated.

Results

A total of 52,694 (45,110 male and 7584 female) deaths of suicide by firearm were reported worldwide in 2019. The global ASR of suicide by firearm was six-fold higher in males than in females (1.15 per 100,000 and 0.19 per 100,000, respectively), and varied greatly across countries: the highest rates were in Greenland (24.52 per 100,000 and 2.69 per 100,000, respectively) and the United States of America (10.13 per 100,000 and 1.66 per 100,000, respectively), while the lowest rates (0.05 per 100,000 or less) were observed in China, Japan and Singapore. Globally, the mortality of suicide by firearm had a decreasing tendency from 1990 to 2019 in both sexes together (AAPC = -2.0% per year; 95%CI = -2.1 to -1.9).

Conclusion

Decreasing trends in mortality of suicide by firearm were observed in majority of countries across the world, but not in all. Future research should determine more effective ways to further reduce mortality of suicide by firearm.
Deep learning exoplanets detection by combining real and synthetic data
Authors: Cuéllar Sara , Granados Paulo , Fabregas Ernesto , Curé Michel , Vargas Héctor , Dormido-Canto Sebastián , Farias Gonzalo
Published: May 2022

Scientists and astronomers have attached great importance to the task of discovering new exoplanets, even more so if they are in the habitable zone. To date, more than 4300 exoplanets have been confirmed by NASA, using various discovery techniques, including planetary transits, in addition to the use of various databases provided by space and ground-based telescopes. This article proposes the development of a deep learning system for detecting planetary transits in Kepler Telescope light curves. The approach is based on related work from the literature and enhanced to validation with real light curves. A CNN classification model is trained from a mixture of real and synthetic data. The model is then validated only with unknown real data. The best ratio of synthetic data is determined by the performance of an optimisation technique and a sensitivity analysis. The precision, accuracy and true positive rate of the best model obtained are determined and compared with other similar works. The results demonstrate that the use of synthetic data on the training stage can improve the transit detection performance on real light curves.
Modeling the effect of rainfall changes to predict population dynamics of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus under future climate conditions
Authors: Fukui Shin , Kuwano Yusuke , Ueno Kazuki , Atsumi Kazuyuki , Ohta Shunji
Published: May 2022

The population dynamics of mosquitoes in temperate regions are not as well understood as those in tropical and subtropical regions, despite concerns that vector-borne diseases may be prevalent in future climates. Aedes albopictus, a vector mosquito in temperate regions, undergoes egg diapause while overwintering. To assess the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases in the future, this study aimed to simulate and predict mosquito population dynamics under estimated future climatic conditions. In this study, we tailored the physiology-based climate-driven mosquito population (PCMP) model for temperate mosquitoes to incorporate egg diapauses for overwintering. We also investigated how the incorporation of the effect of rainfall on larval carrying capacity (into a model) changes the population dynamics of this species under future climate conditions. The PCMP model was constructed to simulate mosquito population dynamics, and the parameters of egg diapause and rainfall effects were estimated for each model to fit the observed data in Tokyo. We applied the global climate model data to the PCMP model and observed an increase in the mosquito population under future climate conditions. By applying the PCMP models (with or without the rainfall effect on the carrying capacity of the A. albopictus), our projections indicated that mosquito population dynamics in the future could experience changes in the patterns of their active season and population abundance. According to our results, the peak population number simulated using the highest CO2 emission scenario, while incorporating the rainfall effect on the carrying capacity, was approximately 1.35 times larger than that predicted using the model that did not consider the rainfall effect. This implies that the inclusion of rainfall effects on mosquito population dynamics has a major impact on the risk assessments of mosquito-borne diseases in the future.
Serial histological changes in the cartilaginous eustachian tube in the rat following balloon dilation
Authors: Kim Yehree , Kang Jeon Min , Ryu Dae Sung , Park Jung-Hoon , Kang Woo Seok , Park Hong Ju
Published: May 2022

Although balloon dilation has shown promising results in the treatment of dilatory Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction, the histological effects of ET balloon dilation (ETBD) is unknown because histological examination of the whole human cartilaginous ET is impossible. Animal studies are needed to elucidate the effect of ETBD so we evaluated the histological changes after ETBD in a rat model. The left ET of 20 Wistar rats was dilated with a balloon catheter and the right ET was used as a control. Five rats were sacrificed immediately after ETBD, at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after the procedure for histological examination. The epithelial cells, presence of epithelial hyperplasia, and the proportion of the goblet cells in the epithelium; the vascular structures and dimensions of the submucosa; and presence of cartilage fracture and the area of the ET lumen were evaluated and compared between the groups. Desquamation of nearly all epithelial cells and the fracture of tubal cartilages were observed immediately after ETBD. At 1-week post-ETBD, the ciliated epithelial cells started to recover with epithelial hyperplasia. The goblet cells recovered by 4 weeks post-ETBD and epithelial hyperplasia decreased but was still present at 12 weeks post-ETBD. The depth of the submucosa increased and neovascularization in this region was observed at 1-week post-ETBD and persisted up to 12 weeks post-ETBD. The lumen of the cartilaginous ET increased immediately after ETBD but decreased at 1-week post-ETBD. The cartilaginous ET lumen recovered to the normal value at 4 weeks post-ETBD. This study is the first to describe the serial histological changes to the cartilaginous ET after ETBD and helps our understanding of the histological changes that occur after an ETBD intervention for intractable ET dysfunction.
Stress on caregivers providing prolonged mechanical ventilation patient care in different facilities: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chu Yeong-Ruey , Liu Chin-Jung , Chu Chia-Chen , Kung Pei-Tseng , Chou Wen-Yu , Tsai Wen-Chen
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Taiwan has implemented an integrated prospective payment program (IPP) for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) patients that consists of four stages of care: intensive care unit (ICU), respiratory care center (RCC), respiratory care ward (RCW), and respiratory home care (RHC). We aimed to investigate the life impact on family caregivers of PMV patients opting for a payment program and compared different care units.

Method

A total of 610 questionnaires were recalled. Statistical analyses were conducted by using the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

The results indicated no associations between caregivers’ stress levels and opting for a payment program. Participants in the non-IPP group spent less time with friends and family owing to caregiver responsibilities. The results of the family domain show that the RHC group (OR = 2.54) had worsened family relationships compared with the ICU group; however, there was less psychological stress in the RCC (OR = 0.54) and RCW (OR = 0.16) groups than in the ICU group. In the social domain, RHC interviewees experienced reduced friend and family interactivity (OR = 2.18) and community or religious activities (OR = 2.06) than the ICU group. The RCW group felt that leisure and work time had less effect (OR = 0.37 and 0.41) than the ICU group. Furthermore, RCW interviewees (OR = 0.43) were less influenced by the reduced family income than the ICU group in the economic domain.

Conclusions

RHC family caregivers had the highest level of stress, whereas family caregivers in the RCW group had the lowest level of stress.
Client and healthcare worker experiences with differentiated HIV treatment models in Eswatini
Authors: Reidy William , Kambale Hervé Nzereka , Hughey Allison B. , Nhlengethwa Tengetile Tezzy , Tailor Janki , Lukhele Nomthandazo , Mthethwa Simangele , Hettema Anita , Preko Peter , Rabkin Miriam
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a cornerstone of Eswatini’s national HIV strategy, and the number of people on ART in the country more than tripled between 2010 and 2019. Building on these achievements, the Ministry of Health (MOH) is scaling up differentiated service delivery, including less-intensive differentiated ART (DART) models for people doing well on treatment. We conducted a mixed-methods study to explore client and health care worker (HCW) perceptions of DART in Eswatini.

Methods

The study included structured site assessments at 39 purposively selected health facilities (HF), key informant interviews with 20 HCW, a provider satisfaction survey with 172 HCW and a client satisfaction survey with 270 adults.

Results

All clients had been on ART for more than a year; 69% were on ART for ≥ 5 years. The most common DART models were Fast-Track (44%), Outreach (26%) and Community ART Groups (20%). HCW and clients appreciated DART, noting that the models often decrease provider workload and client wait time. Clients also reported that DART models helped them to adhere to ART, 96% said they were “very satisfied” with their current model, and 90% said they would recommend their model to others, highlighting convenience, efficiency and cost savings. The majority of HCW (52%) noted that implementation of DART reduced their workload, although some models, such as Outreach, were more labor-intensive. Each model had advantages and disadvantages; for example, clients concerned about stigma and inadvertent disclosure of HIV status were less interested in group models.

Conclusions

Clients in DART models were very satisfied with their care. HCW were also supportive of the new approach to HIV treatment delivery, noting its advantages to HF, HCW and to clients. Given the heterogeneous needs of people living with HIV, no single DART model will suit every client; a diverse portfolio of DART models is likely the best strategy.
A recyclable and light-triggered nanofibrous membrane against the emerging fungal pathogen Candida auris
Authors: Liu Xinyao , Guo Chuan , Zhuang Kaiwen , Chen Wei , Zhang Muqiu , Dai Yalin , Tan Lin , Ran Yuping
Published: May 2022

The emerging "super fungus" Candida auris has become an important threat to human health due to its pandrug resistance and high lethality. Therefore, the development of novel antimicrobial strategy is essential. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has excellent performance in clinical applications. However, the relevant study on antifungal activity and the mechanism involved against C. auris remains scarce. Herein, a recyclable and biodegradable polylactic acid-hypocrellin A (PLA-HA) nanofibrous membrane is newly developed. In vitro PLA-HA-aPDT could significantly reduce the survival rate of C. auris plankton and its biofilms, and the fungicidal effect of the membrane is still significant after four repeated uses. Simultaneously, PLA-HA exhibits good biocompatibility and low hemolysis. In vivo experiments show that PLA-HA-aPDT can promote C. auris-infected wound healing, reduce inflammatory response, and without obvious toxic side-effects. Further results reveal that PLA-HA-aPDT could increase endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, release of cytochrome C, activation of metacaspase, and nuclear fragmentation, thereby triggering apoptosis of C. auris. Compared with HA, PLA-HA shows stronger controllability and reusability, which can greatly improve the utilization efficiency of HA alone. Taken together, the efficacy, safety and antifungal activity make PLA-HA-aPDT a highly promising antifungal candidate for skin or mucous membrane C. auris infection.
Freak to Chic: ‘Gay’ Men in and out of Fashion After Oscar Wilde, Dominic Janes (2021)
Authors: Rothenberg Maria
Published: May 2022

Review of: Freak to Chic: ‘Gay’ Men in and out of Fashion After Oscar Wilde, Dominic Janes (2021)

London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 312 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35017-260-9, h/bk, $80.50
‘They never felt these fabrics before’: How SoundCloud rappers became the dandies of hip hop through hybrid dress
Authors: Whittaker James , Morgan Ashley
Published: May 2022

This article examines the appearances and dress of SoundCloud rappers, a highly popular subgenre of American hip hop music, which shifted from homemade music to the mainstream in 2016. SoundCloud rappers wear clothes usually associated with hybrid masculinity, such as fluffy pink hoodies, silk scarves and frilly shirts. In contrast, although not lacking in style, rappers usually embody an idealized heteronormative masculinity, played out through manly affect, which is often expressed through baggy sports clothing and oversized gold jewellery. Despite Black masculinity being historically defined through stylish, interesting and ostentatious clothes, these looks have been rejected by traditional rappers for fear of association with more hybrid masculinity. The transformation in cultural production through participatory culture, allowing for different male identities to be expressed notwithstanding, masculinity in hip hop has been very slow to change. Using the concept of the dandy, this article examines the ways in which certain SoundCloud rappers have embraced ostentation in clothing, despite a significant backlash from their peers. Moreover, we suggest that SoundCloud rappers have pushed the boundaries of clothing for a new generation of queer Black rappers, arguably, paving the way for looks which are ‘beyond belief’.
An insightful choreographic vignette
Authors: Radi Buh Maša
Published: May 2022

The distillation of the idea into a single choreographic principle, into a single continuous and stagnating scene and an expression of all possible enunciations into a single action is a result of a subtle and well thought-out reflection, which marks Ana Cvelfar’s solo debut On Empty Spaces.
Materiality and war: Political performance of the 1990s in the post-Yugoslav context beyond the aesthetics of voice
Authors: Kraner Kaja
Published: May 2022

On the basis of the exhibition Realize! Resist! React!: Performance and Politics in the 1990s in the Post-Yugoslav Context I suggest in this article that some of the political performance of the 1990s in the post-Yugoslav context can be thought beyond the Rancièrean understanding of the political, based on the intersection of the aesthetic, the ethical and the voice. By focusing on materiality, I propose a reading that is – conditionally speaking – object-oriented: on the one hand, it can be detected though the abandonment of the voice, the introduction of the body as a biological matter and something inseparable from its environment, and on the other hand, through the introduction of the materiality of ruins and other accessible everyday materials as autonomous entities.
Racializ-ed/ing identities on stage: Muslims, angst and response in Snookered and Does My Bomb Look Big in This?
Authors: Çakırtaş Önder
Published: May 2022

The early twenty-first century covers the period when British Muslims found representation in British theatres more than ever before and introduced themselves to both White and non-White audiences with works that highlight their identity and culture. Although theatrical performances by British Muslim playwrights often deal with the sometimes homogeneous and sometimes heterogeneous Islamic cultures of Muslims, the thematic and character-based approach of most of the playwrights is related to the racial positioning of Muslim identity in the distorted narrative frame and White imagination. This article describes how the phenomenon of ‘racializ-ed/ing identity’ as a reflection of the exclusion of Muslims from the theatres as experienced by many minorities in the British theatre industry has been brought to the stage as a counter-attack by British Muslim playwrights. At this point, Ishy Din’s Snookered (2012) and Nyla Levy’s Does My Bomb Look Big in This? (2019) are discussed in the context of the racialization of Muslim identity and the representation of Islamic anger and response.
Understanding ‘jihadist’ nasheeds through symbolic convergence theory (SCT)
Authors: Matusitz Jonathan , Owsley Katie
Published: May 2022

This article applies symbolic convergence theory (SCT) to the use of nasheeds by ‘jihadist groups’. SCT postulates that individuals come together to form a cohesive group with a shared consciousness and symbolic reality. SCT rests on fantasy themes. Fantasy themes are both a psychological and rhetorical mechanism to generate and organize interpretations of events. By and large, a nasheed is an Islamic-themed chant that often sings the praises of Allah and/or the Prophet Muhammad. Recently, nasheeds have been co-opted by ‘jihadist groups’ to motivate Muslims to join the ‘jihad’. An important conclusion of this analysis is that organizations like Al-Qaeda and ISIS, through careful construction and manipulation of nasheeds, are able to (1) unite groups through dramatization of messages and shared group fantasies, (2) convey a message of global Muslim triumph and (3) inflame passions and arouse actions through violent holy war.
Hipoparatiroidismo en el niño
Authors: Martín-Alonso Montserrat , Bajo Delgado Ana Fe
Published: May 2022

El hipoparatiroidismo está causado por la falta de secreción de hormona paratiroidea (PTH), bien por alteración de su síntesis y secreción por parte de las glándulas paratiroides o por alteración en el estímulo para su secreción por fallo en el receptor sensible al calcio (CaSR). Su etiología y manifestaciones clínicas son variables en función de la edad del paciente. El tratamiento va dirigido a mantener los niveles de calcemia dentro del rango normal-bajo para evitar el riesgo de nefrocalcinosis derivado del uso de dosis excesivas de calcio y vitamina D. En esta revisión, nos centramos en las peculiaridades de esta entidad en la edad pediátrica.
ESTÁGIO CURRICULAR SUPERVISIONADO NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UMA ANÁLISE CURRICULAR
Authors: De Medeiros Filho Antonio Evanildo Cardoso , Magalhães Junior Antonio Germano
Published: May 2022

O Estágio Curricular Supervisionado é um componente que, quando bem planejado e operacionalizado, pode contribuir na constituição de saberes, conhecimentos, atitudes e valores de todos os envolvidos. Destarte, objetiva-se, aqui, compreender a organização e a concepção de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado expressa nos documentos orientadores dos cursos de licenciatura em Educação Física de duas universidades públicas do Estado do Ceará, descortinando a relação destas concepções com as que são postas pela legislação educacional e pela literatura científica atual. Para tanto, adota-se um estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Como aporte teóricometodológico utilizam-se os escritos de Ghedin, Oliveira e Almeida (2015), Lima (2012), Pimenta e Lima (2017), Piconez et al. (2012) e Zabalza (2014). As análises foram a partir do método hermenêuticodialético de Minayo (2000), com auxílio do Software IRAMUTEQ, versão 0.7 alpha 235. As orientações denotam uma concepção de Estágio relacionada a uma atividade teórico-prática, que pode estimular a reflexão e o redimensionamento da formação, da constituição de saberes e da construção da identidade docente. Ademais, sugerimos caminhos que podem potencializar os processos formativos nesse componente curricular, por exemplo, a aproximação do licenciando com a realidade escolar desde os primeiros semestres do curso e a integração da postura investigativa a partir do “Estágio com pesquisa” ou “pesquisa no Estágio”.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS COMO ESTRATÉGIAS DIDÁTICAS NO ENSINO JURÍDICO
Authors: Vieira de Almeida Douglas , Leopoldo Mercado Luis Paulo
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as metodologias ativas que podem ser utilizadas como estratégias didáticas no ensino jurídico, ressigniﬁ cando o ensino tradicional, a partir do protagonismo do aluno e do papel mediador que o professor pode assumir. Foi utilizada pesquisa documental e bibliográﬁ ca, acerca da temática, com o objetivo de identiﬁ car as contribuições que as metodologias ativas podem desenvolver nos estudantes de Direito. Os resultados mostram que as metodologias ativas podem alterar, de forma signiﬁ cativa, o ensino jurídico, para criar ambientes críticos e reﬂ exivos que permitam, tanto a estudantes, quanto a professores dinamizarem o processo de ensino e aprendizagem durante a formação jurídica, contribuindo, também, com mudanças na realidade em que vivem.
O ENSINO REMOTO NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE SANTO ANDRÉ: ENTRE INTENÇÕES E A REALIDADE
Authors: Cammarano Maria Gabriela Mills , Rosa Sanny Silva da
Published: May 2022

Este artigo descreve e discute as estratégias adotadas pela rede municipal de Santo André durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no ano de 2020. Analisa as normativas exaradas pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação e problematiza as orientações pedagógicas para o ensino remoto frente às reais condições das unidades escolares para garantir o direito de acesso à escola e a uma educação de qualidade. Evidencia as contradições entre os propósitos declarados no discurso oﬁ cial e a real preocupação dos órgãos centrais com as políticas de resultados que concorreram para a intensiﬁ cação do trabalho dos proﬁ ssionais de educação sem, contudo, lograr mitigar o aprofundamento das desigualdades educacionais em meio ao contexto emergencial em decorrência da pandemia.
A MEDIDA CERTA: CORPO, CONFISSÃO E TECNOLOGIAS DO SELF EM TEMPOS DE GOVERNAMENTALIDADE NEOLIBERAL
Authors: Pich Santiago , Manske George Saliba
Published: May 2022

No presente artigo, tem-se como objetivo problematizar as formas de constituição do eu contemporâneo por meio de práticas de confissão e modos de espetacularização do corpo e da saúde, apresentados no livro “Medida Certa – como chegamos lá: com Márcio Atalla”. Para tanto, leituras e ferramentas conceituais foucaultianas foram válidas para este fim. Num primeiro momento, registrou-se a inspiração analítica, baseada na análise do discurso. Em seguida, utilizaram-se as análises realizadas por Foucault sobre práticas de confissão e de direção do eu para discutir os elementos presentes na obra analisada, em especial, aquelas tocantes às práticas de saúde e emagrecimento. Entende-se, neste artigo, que as formas de publicização do eu privado se valem de tecnologias de confissão não mais baseadas em um confessionário privado para um único diretor de almas, mas sim, na contemporaneidade, se apoiam de espetacularizações públicas e coletivas que têm os espectadores como aqueles a quem se dirige e se deve satisfação. Tais processos compõem um emaranhado discursivo que valora as práticas de si e as transforma em bens de consumo, dirigindo, concomitantemente, tanto aqueles que se expõem, como aqueles que observam e participam ativamente da direção do outro. Essas ações são, aqui, consideradas como modos de regulação e governo do eu contemporâneo.
A INTERNET DOS CORPOS, AS REALIDADES EMERGENTES E A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE ARQUITETURAS DIGITAIS DE INTERAÇÃO
Authors: Scherer Bassani Patrícia
Published: May 2022

A Internet dos Corpos (IoB) é a rede que se constitui entre os diferentes dispositivos associados de forma direta ao corpo físico. Esse estudo, de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, se apoia na revisão narrativa de literatura para mapear realidades emergentes que exploram a relação corpo-tecnologia em contexto híbrido, a fim de propor um modelo teórico para analisar as arquiteturas digitais de interação que se constituem a partir dessa inter-relação, para balizar a proposição de metodologias e práticas pedagógicas na perspectiva de uma Educação Digital onLife. A partir do tensionamento entre os conceitos, destacamos quatro categorias que podem balizar a análise de arquiteturas digitais de interação considerando o entrelaçamento entre as tecnologias IoB e as realidades digitais emergentes: espaço-rede; actantes; processo sociocomunicacional; movimento das associações.
PRAZER E RISCO: CORPOS E PEDAGOGIAS BAREBACK NO TWITTER
Authors: Lima Danillo Mota , Couto Edvaldo Souza
Published: May 2022

No contexto da cibercultura, dos estudos culturais na educação e dos estudos pornô, o objetivo do artigo é analisar pedagogias de corpos e sexualidades em performances bareback de pornografias amadoras produzidas e compartilhadas por um grupo de gays no Twitter. O método usado foi o da pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e analítico. Os dados foram produzidos a partir da observação não participante e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que as performances bareback são articuladas através de outros subgêneros da pornografia, do quais destacam-se três, no estudo: o sexo interracial, em local público e grupal. O artigo conclui que o Twitter cria e propaga pedagogias, com diferentes sentidos e significados de bareback, que questionam e operam novas estratégias de poder, controle e aprisionamento dos corpos e das sexualidades gays em ambientes digitais.
Vivências em Unidade Básica de Saúde Fluvial no Rio Negro, um relato de experiência
Authors: Ribeiro Lucas Gaspar , Murta Thais
Published: May 2022

População ribeirinha é aquela constituída por pessoas que vivem as margens de rios e igarapés, sendo um desafio para o SUS garantir acesso a estas populações. No Brasil, contamos com as Unidades de Saúde Básica Fluviais como ferramenta. O presente relato de experiência objetiva analisar os quatro princípios essenciais da Atenção Primária à Saúde na atuação de equipes de saúde da família em UBS Fluvial em comunidades ribeirinhas do baixo rio Negro, no Amazonas. A percepção e descrição ocorreu por meio de diário de campo de uma residente em Medicina de Família e Comunidade durante uma jornada de 10 dias na embarcação. Os resultados demonstram que a ação conjunta da equipe permite o conhecimento e acompanhamento das pessoas ao longo do tempo, coordenando o cuidado e reforçando a importância da APS estruturada, principalmente para aqueles com maior dificuldade de acesso, como a população ribeirinha.
Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação: ferramenta de educação em saúde no contexto da Covid-19
Authors: Claudino Lívia Maria Zacarias , Albuquerque Maria Ilk Nunes de , Macêdo Vilma Costa de , Campelo Fabíolla Marques Perazzo , Fernandes Gabriel Arruda de Souza
Published: May 2022

O Contexto da  pandemia da COVID-19 vem demostrando diferentes dimensões da educação em saúde. Visando as configurações impostas pelas medidas de controle da doença tais como:  distanciamento social e as novas necessidades de saúde da população, as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) mostram-se como uma das estratégias de educação em saúde. O estudo buscou compreender do uso das TIC por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com 17 profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família do Recife. As TIC têm o potencial de ampliar as estratégias de educação em saúde e a circulação da informação, ocasionando a construção de conhecimentos. Entretanto, o estudo identificou alguns entraves enfrentados pelos profissionais como a inexperiência de alguns profissionais com o manejo de equipamentos e ferramentas digitais disponívies.
Bewusst im Paradies: Kitsch und Reflexivität
Authors: Küpper Thomas
Published: May 2022

Im Gegensatz zu Kunst gilt Kitsch als aufdringlich und wenig reflexiv. Doch ist diese Entgegensetzung nicht zu einfach gedacht? Könnte es nicht zahlreiche Zwischenstufen der Reflexivität geben? Thomas Küpper geht diesen Fragen nach und diskutiert dazu verschiedene Positionen aus Literatur, Philosophie, Film und Fernsehen, von Walter Benjamin bis André Rieu. Dabei zeigt er auf, dass Kitsch bestimmte Formen von Reflexivität braucht, um dem Publikum heile Welten, große Gefühle und kleine Fluchten bieten zu können: Wie beim Fiktionspakt im Sinne von Samuel Taylor Coleridge geht das Publikum einen Pakt mit dem Kitsch ein.
Im Medienlabor der US-amerikanischen Industrieforschung
Authors: Taha Nadine
Published: May 2022

Telegrafie, Fotografie, Telefon und Radio sind ihre bürokratischen Konstitutionen nicht mehr anzusehen. Daher geraten die grundlegenden Bedingungen in Vergessenheit, die sie mit anderen Waren und Gütern der industriellen Moderne gemein hatten. Nadine Taha blickt auf den Aufstieg der nordamerikanischen Industrieforschung zwischen 1870 und 1950. Anhand von Fallstudien rekonstruiert sie die gemeinsamen Wurzeln von Massenmedien und Bürokratie. Dabei macht sie die Wirkmächtigkeit von Patenten, Labornotizbüchern, Spezifikationen und laboratorischen Reportsystemen sichtbar, die unzertrennlicher Teil der Erfindungsgeschichte technischer Medien sind.
Sozialraumforschung und Handlungsforschung im ländlichen Raum
Authors: Ritter Martina , Stadel Wolfgang
Published: May 2022

Martina Ritter und Wolfgang Stadel beschreiben den Forschungsansatz der Handlungsforschung im sozialräumlichen Kontext aus der Perspektive der Sozialen Arbeit. Hierbei geht es nicht nur darum, neues Wissen zu generieren. Vielmehr soll dieses Wissen in das beforschte Feld zurückgespiegelt werden. Die Verfasser*innen lenken den Blick dabei auf die besondere Situation von Ehrenamt und zivilgesellschaftlichen Handeln in ländlichen Räumen, und verweisen auf ein grundsätzliches Verständnis von Partizipation. Sie verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit zur Schaffung von Gelegenheitsstrukturen, die es verschieden Bevölkerungsgruppen erlaubt, ihre Interessen und Bedürfnisse bezüglich ihres Engagements aber auch ihrer eigenen Lebenswelt zu entwickeln und in den Prozess der Gestaltung einer demenzfreundlichen Kommune einzubringen.
Ausgangslage: Demenz als gesellschaftliche Herausforderung in Hessen
Authors: Schultz Oliver
Published: May 2022

Oliver Schultz widmet sich in seinem Beitrag der Demenz als gesellschaftlicher Herausforderung in Hessen. Demographische und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen werden skizziert und mit der Bedeutung des Ehrenamts für die Teilhabe von Menschen mit Demenz in den Quartieren verknüpft. Das Verständnis von Sozialraum als relationaler Raum vielfältiger Akteur:innen wird vorgestellt. Das Forschungsvorhaben der vorliegenden Studie und die beteiligten Foren:innen werden vorgestellt.
Menschen mit Demenz nicht alleine lassen: Der Beitrag des Ehrenamts
Authors: Schultz Oliver
Published: May 2022

Oliver Schultz widmet sich in diesem Beitrag zusammenfassend den wichtigsten Ergebnissen der vorliegenden Forschungsstudie »Demenz im Quartier. Der Beitrag des Ehrenamts«. Die untersuchten Quartiere werden in ihren wesentlichen Unterschieden vorgestellt. Mehrere Handlungsempfehlungen für Praxis und Politik der quartiersbezogenen Sozialraumarbeit werden ausgeführt: Bereitstellung von Reflexionsräumen, Vernetzung der Akteur:innen, Acquise von jungem Ehrenamt sowie Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und Digitalisierung werden behandelt. Daraus wird künftiger Forschungsbedarf abgeleitet: Wieso nutzen Bewohner der Quartiere vorhandene Hilfestrukturen oft nicht oder nur sehr wenig? Abschließend wird die unersetzliche Bedeutung des Ehrenamts im Quartier für die Teilhabe von Menschen mit Demenz hervorgehoben.
Mythos Ägypten - eine kultursemiotische Studie
Authors: Kolster-Sommer Anika
Published: May 2022

Das öffentliche Bild der altägyptischen Kultur ist von der Ägyptomanie geprägt, die sich auch in Ausstellungen reproduziert und der Ägyptologie die Deutungshoheit über das Alte Ägypten verweigert. Ihre Wirkmacht und Funktionsweise sind bis heute ungeklärt, weil eine theoretische Durchdringung des Phänomens fehlt. Orientiert an Geschichte und Gestalt der Ägyptenausstellung unterzieht Anika Kolster-Sommer die Ägyptomanie einer rigorosen kultursemiotischen Analyse. In eingehenden Einzelanalysen, die den Bogen vom Ursprung der Ägyptenausstellung über Tutanchamun und Kleopatra bis zur modernsten Reproduktionstechnik ägyptischer Artefakte spannen, erklärt sie den Funktionsmechanismus der Ägyptomanie.
Formen kollektiver Intentionalität
Authors: Schroth Claudia
Published: May 2022

In der Debatte der kollektiven Intentionalität lassen sich drei Hauptströmungen ausmachen: Phänomenologie, Sprachanalytik und evolutionäre Verhaltensforschung. Claudia Schroth strebt eine methodologische und terminologische Gegenüberstellung an, etwa hinsichtlich der Verwendung der Begriffe »Intentionalität«, »Kollektiv«, »shared« und »joint«. Strömungsübergreifend gilt: Für eine tiefgreifende Gemeinschaft müssen die Beteiligten auf ein und dasselbe Objekt in ein und derselben Weise bezogen sein, sodass ein spezifisches »Subjekt« - ein Team - entstehen kann.
Der Wirklichkeit verfallen
Authors: Sahner Simon
Published: May 2022

Provokation, Schriftstellersein als Lebensform und eine die Grenzen des Kanons sprengende Literatur: Um Jörg Fauser, Jürgen Ploog und Carl Weissner entsteht in den 1960er Jahren eine literarische Strömung, die sich an der amerikanischen Beatliteratur und dem Underground orientiert. Dieser Teil deutscher Literaturgeschichte stand lange im Schatten der Gruppe 47 und anderer. Simon Sahner zeigt auf, wie die Bewegung Fragen zum deutsch-amerikanischen Kultur- und Literaturtransfer, zur Autorinszenierung, dem Literaturbegriff und den Funktionsweisen des Literaturbetriebs berührt - und sich darüber hinaus bis heute auf die deutsche Literaturlandschaft auswirkt.
Doping für Deutschland
Authors: Paoli Letizia , Hoppeler Hans , Mahler Hellmut , Simon Perikles , Sörgel Fritz , Treutlein Gerhard
Published: May 2022

Welche Rolle haben Joseph Keul, Armin Klümper und andere Mediziner der Universität Freiburg jahrzehntelang bei der Organisation und Legitimierung des Dopings von Athleten in Westdeutschland und im vereinigten Deutschland gespielt? Die Autoren legen dazu eine eingehende Analyse vor und liefern überzeugende Erklärungen, indem sie die Ergebnisse der »Evaluierungskommission Freiburger Sportmedizin« für eine breite Öffentlichkeit zusammenfassen. Zudem dokumentieren sie Plagiate und andere akademische Unredlichkeiten in der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit der Freiburger Abteilung Sportmedizin. Zum ersten Mal erzählen sie die verworrene Geschichte der Evaluierungskommission und formulieren aus den Analysen abschließende Folgerungen sowie Ansprüche an die Sportpolitik.
Alterität in migrationsliterarischen Adoleszenzromanen
Authors: Rösch Heidi
Published: May 2022

Im literaturwissenschaftlichen und literaturdidaktischen Kontext betont Alterität zunächst die Andersheit von poetischer gegenüber pragmatischer Literatur, die aufgrund ihrer Ästhetik, Fikti-onalität und Mehrdeutigkeit besondere Lesarten determiniert und die Rezipierenden in Deu-tungsprozesse verstrickt. Gleichzeitig korreliert Alterität im Kontext der interkulturellen Germanistik z.B. mit Fremd-heit, im Bereich der Imagologie mit Hetero- und Autostereotypen und im postkolonialen Diskurs mit othering. Diese Verbindungen werden im folgenden Beitrag jeweils diskutiert, anschließend am Beispiel von migrationsliterarischen oder migratorischen Adoleszenzromanen exemplifiziert und zu literaturdidaktischen Überlegungen transferiert. Der Begriff migrationsliterarisch verweist auf eine Literatur, die sich mit Migration befasst und damit einen Beitrag zur Migrationsgesell-schaft leistet. Diese trägt in aller Regel auch migratorische Züge, denn es geht nicht immer nur um migrantische Figuren und deren individuelle, familiäre oder kollektive Migrationsprozesse, sondern auch um eine zwischen Orten, Sprachen, Literaturtraditionen etc. wandernde Literatur. Da sich nicht jede migratorische Literatur migrationsgesellschaftlich artikuliert, verwende ich Begriffe wie migrationsliterarisch und migratorisch je nach Kontext. Adoleszenz wird hier nicht auf die in der Jugendliteratur oft fokussierte Phase der Pubertät reduziert, sondern umfasst den Sozialisationsprozess bis ins frühe Erwachsenenalter.
»[U]nd ich dachte einen Moment darüber nach, auch schwul zu werden«
Authors: Zierau Cornelia
Published: May 2022

Cornelia Zierau widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, mit Hilfe welcher sprachlichen und stilistischen Mittel - wie z.B. Erzählstrategien, Intermedialität und Intertextualität, Bildlichkeit - in Wolfgang Herrndorfs Roman »Tschick« Alterität inszeniert und in Relation zur adoleszenten Identitätsentwicklung der Protagonisten gesetzt wird. Dieses wird im Kontext der Theoriebildung der interkulturellen Literaturwissenschaft reflektiert und theoretisch fundiert. Abschließend wird nach Möglichkeiten der Erschließung des Romans als Adoleszenzroman mit interkulturellem Potential im Literaturunterricht gefragt.
Buch und Bild - Schrift und Zeichnung
Authors: Klingsöhr-Leroy Cathrin
Published: May 2022

Seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts wird in Literatur und Philosophie die Bedeutung des Lesens für Bildung und Erkenntnisfähigkeit reflektiert. Ebenso präsent ist der Abgesang des Buches. Man verdammt es als Symbol bürgerlichen Müßiggangs oder betrauert den Verlust von Kultur schlechthin. Parallel zu diesem Diskurs finden Schriftzüge, Wörter oder Buchstaben Eingang in die bildende Kunst. Cathrin Klingsöhr-Leroy betrachtet Werke u.a. von Paul Klee, Else Lasker-Schüler, Henri Michaux sowie Cy Twombly und Anselm Kiefer und stellt fest: Schrift ist hier nicht nur künstlerisches Element, sondern auch melancholische Erinnerung an ein vergangenes Zeitalter des Buches und der Literatur.
Das Karussell - Schwindel, Tausch und Täuschung
Authors: Bohn Ralf
Published: May 2022

Das Karussell ist eine Maschine, in der die Tauschparameter von Sinn und Sinnlichkeit im szenischen Arrangement erprobt werden. Ab dem 19. Jahrhundert wird der Auszug wissenschaftlich-medialer Schwindelmaschinen aus den Laboren der Psychophysik Teil einer psychischen Festkultur, die sich von der physisch orientierten Kirmeswelt absetzt. Ralf Bohn liest Medienszenen des Karussells in Literatur, Film, Architektur, Fotografie und Malerei als Illustrationen von physischem Schwindel, ökonomischem Tausch und medialer Täuschung. Damit zeigt er auf, wie durch Spielorte legitimierter Überschreitung die Tauschökonomie jenseits von Moral und diesseits pathologischer Abgründe ausgetestet wird.
Konstruktion von Verbindlichkeit
Authors: Hoff Jonas Maria
Published: May 2022

Radikalkonstruktivistische Ansätze werden in der Theologie bislang eher zurückhaltend aufgegriffen. Zu groß scheint die Sorge, mit einer solchen Erkenntnistheorie, die alle Wahrnehmung und Erkenntnis als Konstruktion versteht, die Verbindlichkeit der eigenen Rede zu riskieren. Wenn auch Gott zum Konstrukt wird, wie kann man dann noch verbindlich Theologie treiben? Jonas Maria Hoff greift diese Vorbehalte auf und kontert sie in ausführlichen Analysen mit möglichen Vorzügen eines Theoriekontakts von radikalem Konstruktivismus und (Fundamental-)Theologie. Dabei setzt er Schwerpunkte in der Auseinandersetzung mit den Themen Religiosität, Mystik, Paradoxalität und Normativität.
Intersektionalität in feministischer Praxis
Authors: Kurz Eliane
Published: May 2022

Wie wird in feministischen Kontexten die Frage von Differenzen zwischen Frauen* aktuell verhandelt? Aufbauend auf der Entstehungsgeschichte von Intersektionalität u.a. im Black und Chicana Feminism und der Kritik an einem ausgrenzenden Feminismus geht Eliane Kurz dieser Frage nach. Anhand der Analyse von neun Gruppendiskussionen mit feministischen Gruppen und Frauen*rechtsgruppen fokussiert sie die vielfältigen Anschlüsse und Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung intersektionaler Ansätze in die Praxis. Damit vollzieht sie eine Rückkopplung feministischer Theorie und Praxis im Kontext von Intersektionalität und liefert wichtige Impulse für feministisch Interessierte in und außerhalb der Wissenschaft.
Plagiate in der Wissenschaft
Authors: Zenthöfer Jochen
Published: May 2022

Jährlich werden in Deutschland 30.000 Personen promoviert. Rund 3.000 davon könnten plagiiert haben. Diese Vergehen werden von der Wissenschaftsplattform VroniPlag Wiki aufgedeckt und dokumentiert. Die Folgen: In Hochschulen jagt ein Aberkennungsverfahren das nächste, Doktorgrade werden entzogen, Politiker*innen müssen zurücktreten, Wissenschaftler*innen ihre Karrieren umplanen. Was hat VroniPlag Wiki außerdem bewirkt? Wie arbeitet die Plattform? Und was sagen ihre Kritiker*innen? Jochen Zenthöfer geht diesen Fragen nach und beschreibt in seinem journalistischen Erfahrungsbericht auch die Arbeitsweisen, Ausreden und Ausraster der Beschuldigten — und weshalb man auf Plagiatssoftware keine große Hoffnung legen sollte.
Das hinzutretende Dritte
Authors: Biemüller Ricarda
Published: May 2022

Wie viel zweite Natur steckt in Bildung und wie viel Bildung steckt in zweiter Natur? Die Frage nach der Naturgeschichte von Bildung stellt sich in einer ambivalenten Situation. Einerseits hat sich die Verfügung über innere und äußere Natur zur zweiten Natur entwickelt, andererseits wird die Erfahrung des Nichtidentischen als Möglichkeitsbedingung von Bildung entschlüsselt. Der von Adorno kritisch eingebrachte Begriff des somatisch hinzutretenden Dritten ist die Möglichkeit eines Zugangs zu Bildung als Erfahrung des Nichtidentischen. Ausgehend von dieser These arbeitet Ricarda Biemüller eine Theorie der Bildung im Spannungsfeld von Natur und Geschichte heraus.
Aleyrodid (Hemiptera) diversity in hop varieties grown in Brazil
Authors: Santos de Castro Fernandez Patricia , Elen de Lima Aguiar-Menezes  , Florencio de Lima Aurino , Miller Rangel Mangueira Frade Pedro , Jacintho Teixeira Alexandre , Bucher Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2022

Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are a diverse group of sap-sucking insect species that can cause severe damage in crops with global economic importance. Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are a crop with considerable value for the brewing and pharmaceutical industries worldwide. The aim of the current study is to register whitefly species associated with this plant in Brazil. Specimens were collected from H. lupulus leaves in four different counties in Rio de Janeiro state (Cachoeiras de Macacu, Cordeiro, Nova Friburgo and Seropédica). Whiteflies belonging to nine genera and distributed in two subfamilies (Aleurodicinae and Aleyrodinae) were identified. Nine hop varieties (i.e., Brazylinsk, Cascade, Chinook, Columbus, Hallertau, Nugget, Saaz, Spalt, and Victoria) are used as host plants by these insects in Brazil. Except for Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), the other identified species were recorded in hop crops for the first time.