bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carcinoma metaplásico de la mama tipo células escamosos: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Niño-Hernández Lucía Mercedes , García-Toloza Raúl , Donado Fabiola , Pérez Jesús , Arteta-Acosta Cindy , Aroca Gustavo
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el carcinoma metaplásico de la mama tipo células escamosas es una neoplasia maligna poco frecuente que representa un 0,04% de los carcinomas mamarios. Su diagnóstico clínico e imagenológico es complejo dado la similitud con lesiones benignas; sin embargo, su rápido crecimiento alerta sobre su comportamiento agresivo. Debido a los pocos casos en la literatura, no hay un consenso general sobre su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se presenta un caso con el objetivo de hacer una revisión sobre el tema respecto al diagnóstico histopatológico y factores pronósticos.Caso clínico: se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 51 años, con una de masa de 6 cm en mama derecha, cuyos estudios ecográficos reportaron una probable lesión benigna (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System - BIRADS III). El estudio histopatológico revela una lesión tumoral maligna constituida por células escamosas que tapizan espacios quísticos.Materiales y métodos: para la revisión de la literatura se exploró la base de datos PubMed, con el fin de buscar revisiones sistemáticas, presentación de casos clínicos, estudios clínicos y epidemiológicos con las palabras clave metaplastic breast carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma, durante el período comprendido entre el 2000-2011.Conclusiones: histopatológicamente, el carcinoma metaplásico de células escamosas puede presentarse como una mezcla de adenocarcinoma con áreas dominantes de diferenciación escamosa, e incluso, en formas escamosas puras, representando plasticidad fenotípica del tumor. El sistema modificado de Scarf-Bloom-Richardson no es aplicable en esta lesión. Los factores pronósticos más importantes son la edad y el tamaño tumoral; sin embargo, algunos estudios consideran las metástasis nodales y el estado de los receptores.
INDICATORS OF VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF INFECTED AND STERILE PANCREONECROSIS
Authors: Akayzin E. S. , Metelev A. S. , Akayzina A. E.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the study was to assess the information content of volatile fatty acid parameters for the differential diagnosis of infected and sterile pancreatic necrosis. The work is based on the results of examination and treatment of 34 patients with pancreatic necrosis. The analysis of concentrations of volatile fatty acids: acetic, propionic, butyric and isovaleric was carried out on an automated gas chromatograph «Crystallux-4000» with a capillary column «HP-FFAP» and flame ionization detector. The indicators of acetic, propionic, butyric, isovaleric acid and the sum of volatile fatty acids are statistically significantly higher in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis compared with the indicators of volatile fatty acids in patients with sterile pancreatic necrosis. Volatile fatty acid values can be used for the differential diagnosis of infected and sterile pancreatic necrosis
A DIGITAL IMAGE IN THE PRACTICE OF CYTOLOGY: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Kruglova I. A. , Zinoviev S. V. , Utkin O. V. , Denisenko A. N. , Ilyinskaya O. E. , Moskvichev M. A.
Published: February 2020

Cytological study is a highly specialized type of laboratory analysis of the cellular composition of biological material and is to assess the morphological characteristics of cellular elements. The modern development of digital technologies is increasingly forming the interest of specialists to such a section as telepathology (digital pathology), which is a process of virtual microscopy with the transformation of classical cytological preparations into digital. Most morphologists currently use some forms of digital imaging, such as static images obtained by optical cameras mounted under a microscope. The development of more high quality image and resolution in the digital pathology promotes the use of telepathology, including telecitology in their daily work for training specialists, counselling of medications, monitoring the quality of diagnosis.
IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST FOR DETERMINATION OF D-DIMER
Authors: Akinshina Yulia Aleksandrovna , Nikitina A. V. , Amelina E. A. , Mardanly S. G.
Published: February 2020

The developing and the testing results of an immunochromatographic test for the D-dimer qualitative determination were presents in the article. The test was approved blood plasma samples in comparison with a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of assay with developed test were the same with ELISA results for 87,1% and 100% for samples with increased (more than 400 ng/ml FEU) and normal concentration of D-dimer, respectively. The immunochromatographic test for determination of D-dimer can be included in the diagnostic strategy as a cut test after the assessment of venous thromboembolism risk.
IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS OF DEFEAT OF NERVOUS TISSUE AS THE ELEMENT OF PREDICTIVE MODEL OF DAMAGE OF NERVOUS SYSTEM AT SYPHILIS
Authors: Novikov Yu. A. , Indutny A. V. , Kravchenko E. N.
Published: February 2020

To develop predictive model of damage of nervous system on the basis of definition of concentration of interleukins-23, 12p40 and also a glial fibrillar acid protein (GFAP) in liquor of patients with various forms of syphilis. Comprehensive laboratory examination of patients with neurosyphilis and syphilis without specific damage of nervous system who were observed in venereologic office of BOUZAS of OO «Clinical Dermatovenerologic Clinic» of Omsk is conducted. To all patients were carried out: a serological blood analysis, serological and clinical trial of liquor, and also immunological research of liquor (interleukins - 23, 12p40, and also GFAP). On the basis of the research IL-23, SILT-12p40, GFAP, the level of protein and a pleocytosis in liquor the predictive model of development of neurosyphilis in patients with syphilis without specific damage of nervous system is offered. The analysis of immunological changes in liquor of patients showed that the research of a number of cytokines and markers of damage of nervous tissue to liquor as the most specific and reliable, especially in the absence of clinical symptomatology from central nervous system can be an integral part of diagnostics of neurosyphilis also.
TNE CONTENT OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROW FACTOR IN SALIVA AND SERUM IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS
Authors: Sosnin D. Yu. , Gileva O. S. , Sivak E. Yu. , Daurova F. Yu. , Gibadullina N. V. , Korotin S. V.
Published: February 2020

To study the concentration of vasculoendothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mixed saliva and serum of patients in normal conditions and with generalized periodontitis. The main group (n = 42) was represented by patients with generalized periodontitis. The comparison group (n = 36) consisted of patients without periodontal tissue diseases. The concentration of VEFR was determined by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a commercial test-system “VEGF - IFA - BEST” (A-8784) (“Vector - Best”, Russia). The median values VEFR in saliva were 5.49 times higher than the values for serum in the main group (p = 0.000000) and 7.01 times in the comparison group (p = 0.000000). The concentration of VEFR in the saliva of the examined main group exceeded the similar values of the comparison group (p = 0,014857); the median and interquartile range for the main group was 1098.45 (925.5; 1291) pg/ml, and for the comparison group 1360.5 (998.9; 2062) pg/ml. There were no differences in the serum VEFR concentration (p = 0.775124). No significant correlation was found between the serum VEFR content and the mixed saliva. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for the main group was R = 0,0184358, and for the comparison group, respectively, R = 0.188932. The source of VEFR in saliva are the glands and cells of the oral mucosa, and not the process of exudation from blood serum. The high content of VEFR in the saliva of healthy people and a decrease in its level during periodontitis indicates the important role of this protein in the processes of maintaining the normal state of periodontal tissues and reparation of tissues of the oral mucosa.
THE PROBLEM OF DECOLONIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS NASAL CARRIERS FROM THE MICROBIOLOGIST’S POINT OF VIEW (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)
Authors: Melnikov V. G. , Villena J. , Kombarova S. Yu.
Published: February 2020

Staphylococcus aureus asymptomatically persists on the nasal mucosa, and also causes serious diseases in carriers (endogenous infection) and in patients in a hospital (nosocomial infection). Decolonization of nasal carriers of S. aureus is an important measure aimed at reducing the incidence of staphylococcal infections. Carriage is a form of nasal dysbiosis, therefore, the effectiveness of antibiotics for the decolonization of carriers, by definition, is low. The review discusses the prospects of using probiotics to restore the nasal microbiota. The commercial production of nasal probiotics has not yet been established, but developments in this direction are being carried out in different countries. The experimental substantiation of the possibility of using corynebacteria and other representatives of the nasal microbiota for the decolonization of staphylococcal carriers is presented, as well as the authors’ ideas on how to improve the methods of microbial therapy. In particular, it was proposed to use biofilm probiotics, autoprobiotics, and autovaccines for this purpose.
ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLICATION IN LABORATORY PRACTICE OF REAGENT KIT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF GLANDERS AND MELIOIDOSIS BY REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
Authors: Lemasova L. V. , Tkachenko G. A. , Prokhvatilova E. V. , Belitskaya L. I. , Viktorov D. V. , Toporkov A. V.
Published: February 2020

The reagent kit AmpligenBurk-mallei/pseudomallei-RT PCR is designed for detecting in vitro diagnostics and differentiate the DNA of glanders and melioidosis pathogens by real-time multiplex PCR in biological (clinical) material and cultures of microorganisms, as well as environmental objects and solid food products (rice). During clinical testing diagnostic value of reagent kit AmpligenBurk-mallei/pseudomallei-RT PCR has been studied. Based on the results obtained, a high analytical sensitivity (1×103 microbe cells/ml) and specificity (100%) of PCR-RT with the developed reagent kit were established, regardless of the type of material being studied. The diagnostic sensitivity of PCR-RT using a set of reagents was at least 98.0% and specificity at least 99%. The stages of state examination have been completed, a registration certificate has been obtained at Roszdravnadzor, production, sale and use of reagent kit in medical laboratory practice have been permitted.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Khomenko Y. G. , Miliukhina I. V. , Gracheva E. V. , Kataeva G. V. , Bogdan A. A. , Gromova E. A. , Susin D. S.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Modern neuroimaging methods allow to evaluate in vivo biochemical processes in the brain. Such methods include magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and positron emission tomography (PET). While PET is the “golden standard” in assessing the brain functional state and is widely used in neurodegenerative diseases, the diagnostic value of MRS remains undefined due to the inconsistency of the results obtained in different studies. At the same time, MRC allows obtaining information on the content of many metabolites in living tissues, including N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), which is considered to be a surrogate marker of neuronal integrity, choline (Cho), associated with membrane metabolism, Cr - energy metabolism, etc. The aim of this study is to compare MRS and PET data in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Materials and methods. Twenty-six patients with PD stages I to III according to the Hoehn and Yahr Scale and age-matching control group of neurologically and cognitively intact people were examined. All patients underwent neurological examination, a multivoxel MRS of the supraventricular region, including white and gray matter, and PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to assess cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglu).

Results. Decrease of NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho in the white matter in the left hemisphere was revealed in PD group compared to control, with the NAA/Cr ratio negatively correlating with the stage of the disease of the Hoehn and Yahr Scale. The NAA content in the white matter and the cingulate cortex positively correlated with CMRglu in Brodmann fields 5–7, 8–10, 22, 23, 46. At the same time, Cho/Cr ratio negatively correlated with CMRglu in the cortical areas associated with the development of cognitive impairment in PD (Brodman areas 9, 10, 39, 47).
Modeling of chronic epilepsy in animals through chemical methods
Authors: Egorova E. V. , Dmitrenko D. V. , Usoltseva A. A. , Iptyshev A. M. , Shnayder N. A. , Nasyrova R. F.
Published: February 2020

According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of epilepsy in the world is high, at about 0.5–1% of the world’s population. In 20–40% of cases, according to various sources, it is not possible with standard treatment methods to achieve control over attacks, which significantly impairs the patient’s quality of life, increases economic costs, and poses a difficult task for the doctor to select the optimal treatment to reduce the frequency of attacks. This explains the urgency of creating new and modifying classical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), as well as finding optimal and safe ways of administering and delivering the drugs. To study the mechanisms of AEDs’ effect on various pathways of epileptogenesis, simulation of convulsive seizures and chronic epilepsy in animals is used; for this purpose, mechanical, physical, chemical, and genetic models of epilepsy are used. The present review discusses chemical models of chronic epilepsy, which are most often used in experimental neuroscience today. It also describes the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each of them, the specificity of the study where they can be used and the assessment scales for epileptic seizures in animals.
CLIPPERS. Three clinical cases and review
Authors: Prakhova L. N. , Parfyonova A. S. , Savintseva Zh. I. , Ilves A. G. , Bubnova E. V. , Krasnov V. S. , Tarasova A. M. , Totolyan N. A.
Published: February 2020

CLIPPERS (Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, during which the pons of the brain is damaged. This disease was described for the first time in 2010 by S.J. Pittock et.al. At present, there have been around 50 described cases of the disease. Up to the present moment, there are difficulties diagnosing this disease. In the article, a literature review and three clinical cases are presented. Furthermore, the necessity of further research is shown for improving the accuracy and specificity of the diagnostic criteria, as well as for defining biomarkers and developing algorithms of effective therapy.
XIX world congress of psychiatry – an important stage in the development of general medical care for people suffering from mental diseases
Authors: Kornetov N. A.
Published: February 2020

The article provides information about the XIX World Congress of Psychiatry (August 21-24, 2019, Lisbon, Portugal). The issues of implementing the new ICD-11 diagnostic principles are considered; the main results of changes and modifications in schizophrenic disorders, mood disorders and new diagnostic categories in the new concept of “obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive related disorders” are presented.

The clinical utility of ICD-11 consists in the ability to use the diagnostic criteria more accurately than before. The talks of the keynote congress speakers are highlighted, the bottom line in the speeches of experts from many countries is finding effective ways of improving the mental health of a person.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE TRABALHO E SAÚDE MENTAL EM PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS SUBSTITUTOS
Authors: Bezerra Eduardo Breno Nascimento , Tibães Paula Camelo , Cavalcanti Carina Barata , Medeiros Bruno
Published: February 2020

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a relação entre trabalho e a saúde mental dos docentes universitários substitutos, levando em consideração as condições e a organização do trabalho presente no contexto universitário. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa foi realizada com 11 professores que atuam como substitutos em duas universidades públicas. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Após a análise das entrevistas, constatou- se que os fatores que mais causam sofrimento e contribuem para o adoecimento dos professores substitutos, se relacionam com a organização do trabalho, e dizem respeito a distribuição de carga horária de trabalho entre efetivos e substitutos, a baixa remuneração e a falta de autonomia para decidirem questões da execução do serviço. Em decorrência da baixa remuneração, muitos professores substitutos acabam assumindo atividades em outras instituições (como docente ou não) para complementar a renda pessoal e/ou familiar. Essa dupla (ou tripla) jornada de trabalho acaba repercutindo nas condições de saúde desses trabalhadores, deixando-os mais propensos ao adoecimento físico e mental. Porém, percebeu-se que o fato de estarem em sala de aula, gera um sentimento de realização nos docentes, sendo a principalmente fonte de prazer no trabalho.
MONETARY POLICY RULES AND MACROECONOMIC STABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKA
Authors: Mayandy Kesavarajah
Published: February 2020

This study estimates the forward-looking monetary policy reaction function for SriLanka using monthly data from 1980 to 2017. The results indicate that the CentralBank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) followed the Taylor rule to set interest rates. Our forwardlookingmodel estimations show that the coefficient on inflation increases over time,reflecting the greater focus on price stability by the bank. The results suggest that theCBSL reacted to nominal exchange rate depreciation by tightening monetary policy.Although the degree of interest rate smoothness gradually decreases over time, thestudy shows that the CBSL did not react to movements in fiscal deficit during theperiod under investigation. This finding suggests that the inclusion of fiscal deficit inthe Taylor rule does not provide a better specification of the policy reaction functionin Sri Lanka.
FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION COSTS IN A DUAL BANKING SYSTEM: THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC BANKING
Authors: Ibrahim Mansor H. , Law Siong Hook
Published: February 2020

This paper empirically analyses the role of Islamic banking in financial intermediation costs as measured by net interest margins for a leading dual banking country, Malaysia. Controlling for theoretically motivated determinants of the margins, the paper compares the interest/financing margins of conventional and Islamic banks and examines the impacts of Islamic banking presence on bank margins. The analysis provides evidence of the higher margins of Islamic banks compared to those of conventional banks. Further, the difference in bank margins between the two types of banks can be attributed to differences in market power, operating costs, and diversification. Finally, Islamic banking presence or penetration, as represented by the ratio of Islamic financing to aggregate bank credit/financing and, alternatively, the share of Islamic banking assets, is robustly associated with lower bank margins, on average. These results bear important implications for the development of the Islamic banking industry and in fostering the efficient allocation of financial resources by the banking system.
La imagen de la ciudad en la publicidad de automóviles
Authors: García Martín Miguel
Published: February 2020

El modelo de movilidad urbana basado en el uso del coche particular tiene importantes repercusiones ambientales y territoriales en las ciudades contemporáneas, a pesar de lo cual la industria de la automoción ha procurado soslayar estos impactos negativos con una retórica favorable a sus intereses. Para ello, la publicidad se ha constituido en una valiosa herramienta que, más allá de su función comercial, traslada al consumidor determinados significados simbólicos que se yuxtaponen al coche en tanto que mercancía. Así, por medio del mensaje publicitario se construye una imagen intencionada y sesgada del paisaje urbano y del espacio público, que juega al servicio del coche y del correspondiente tráfico rodado. Este artículo aborda dichos mecanismos de producción y reproducción de una imagen deliberada mediante el Análisis Crítico del Discurso de una muestra de 81 anuncios de coches emitidos en cadenas españolas de televisión. Recurriendo tanto a representaciones de ciudades concretas como a otros modelos idealizados, se llega a la conclusión de que la publicidad proyecta una imagen urbana edulcorada, reduciendo la complejidad de las formas y las funciones urbanas a un mero decorado.
Medical Students' Perception of the Educational Environment at Al-Nahda College by using DREEM inventory
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan Z. , Ibrahim Marwa Yassin , Mohamed Rania Hessian , Ali Liza Hassan , Mohamedelhassan Yasir A. , Ahmed Nasreldin Marhoum
Published: February 2020

Background: Educational environment encompasses everything that is found and occurs inside medical school. It affects students’ ability to achieve their academic goals, feelings of academic satisfaction, and well-being. Assessment of the educational environment is of paramount importance for stakeholders, administrators and educators in the academic field. The aim of this study was to measure student perceptions of the educational environment in a medical college in Sudan.Methods: This was an institutional-based cross-sectional study conducted in Al-Nahda College, Khartoum, Sudan, between January and February 2018 with a sample of 634 medical students (56.9% male; pre-clinical (83.9%) and clinical (16.1%) students). The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire was used as a survey tool. Overall DREEM score was compared with students’ academic levels by using one-way ANOVA after Tukey’s test. Students’ gender, academic levels and nationality were used as independent variables determining the overall DREEM score by using multivariate analysis. Student’s t-test was used to compare the overall scores among all students based on gender and academic levels (clinical and pre-clinical).Results: The overall mean (SD) DREEM score in this study was 130 (34.2), which indicates a more positive educational environment than negative. Student perception of teachers, academic self-perception, perception of atmosphere and social self-perception was positive. However, perception of learning was negative. Female students had a significantly higher mean (SD) overall DREEM score than males [136 (31.5) vs. 129 (35.5); P=0.008]. There was no significant difference in overall DREEM score between pre-clinical and clinical students [132 (33.3) vs. 132 (38.3); P= 0.946]. Females scored higher than males in the subclasses regarding students’ perception of teachers, academic self-perception and social self-perception [28.8 (7.8) vs. 27.1 (8.5); P= 0.024]; [22.2 (5.6) vs. 21.0 (7.2); P= 0.017]; [19.8 (4.9) vs. 18.8 (5.4); P= 0.019], respectively. Univariate analysis showed that student gender significantly determines the overall DREEM score [Beta± SE; P-value].Conclusions: The educational environment is generally perceived as positive in Al-Nahda College. Perception of learning was the only sub-scale regarded as negative. Females perceived the educational environment more positively than males.
Interim PET/CT Result Is The Sole Prognostic Factor Of Survival In Patients With Advanced-Stage Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma：A Prospective Trial
Authors: Jin Jia , Liu Yizhen , Zhang Qunling , Xue Kai , Xia Zuguang , Cao Junning , Hong Xiaonan , Guo Ye , Lv Fang-Fang
Published: February 2020

Background：
We assessed whether interim positron emission tomography (iPET) had a prognostic value for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and whether PET-driven intensiﬁed therapy was needed.

Methods:
A prospective analysis of newly diagnosed stage III-IV DLBCL patients treated was conducted. The iPET scan was performed after 4 cycles of RCHOP (rituximab 375 mg/m2 d1; cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 d2; doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 d2; vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 [maximum 2 mg] d2; prednisone 100 mg orally daily d2-6) in all cases. Patients received 2 additional cycles when they achieved complete response. If they achieved partial response (PR), they received 4 additional cycles, and a final PET scan (fPET) was performed. If they had stable disease or progressive disease (PD), they were managed by salvage chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was 3-year progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints included 3-year overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR). The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT 01804127.

Results:
From 2013 to 2015, a total of 55 patients were enrolled and 53 with both baseline and iPET scans were analyzed for efficacy. Thirty-nine patients had iPET-negative (iPET-) and 14 patients had iPET-positive (iPET+) scans (11 had PR and 3 had PD). The ORR was 94.3%. With a median follow-up time of 36.4 months, 3-year PFS was 65.7% and 3-year OS was 79.9% for the entire cohort (n=53), and the median PFS and OS were not yet reached. iPET- patients had a higher 3-year PFS rate (78.1%) than iPET+ patients (34.3%) with a P value lower than 0.01. A trend for improved OS was also observed, with 3-year OS of 87.1% versus 62.3% (P=0.03). All 11 patients who had iPET PR received another 4 cycles of RCHOP, and 10 underwent fPET. Six patients had fPET-negative (fPET-) and 4 had fPET-positive (fPET+) scans. The 3-year PFS did not differ significantly between the iPET- and fPET- patients. In the univariate analysis, iPET- was the sole independent prognostic factor for PFS.

Conclusions:
PET/CT has a good prognostic value in patients with advanced-stage DLBCL. There was little significant benefit to intensifying chemotherapy if the iPET scan was positive.
circ-ANKS1B facilitates osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasiveness via upregulating Ki-67 expression by sponging miR-149-5p
Authors: Yang Hao , Liu Yujie , Li Chao , Liu Yilin , Zhao Liang , Wang Yuqiang , Zhang Yang , Zhang Min , Wang Limin
Published: February 2020

Background: Mounting evidence has shown that Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with initiation and progression of human cancers. However, the expression and function of circRNAs in the development of osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear.Methods: In this study, the expression profiles of circRNA circ-ANKS1B in OS were identified through qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH). The relationships between expression of circ-ANKS1B and clinicopathological features of OS patients was analyzed. Cell proliferation potential, migration and invasion ability of OS cells were evaluated through CCK8, colony formation, transwell and wound healing assays in vitro. Xenograft nude mouse experiment was performed to investigate tumor formation ability in vivo. The downstream regulated microRNA of circ-ANKS1B was proved via qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter.Results: We found expression of circ-ANKS1B was markedly overexpressed in OS cell lines and tumor tissues, and high expression of circ-ANKS1B was correlated with advanced TNM stage and poor prognosis of OS patients. The results of functional experiments showed that depletion of circ-ANKS1B could inhibit proliferation and invasion ability of OS cells in vitro, and tumor formation ability in vivo. Further mechanistic studies revealed that circ-ANKS1B could sponge endogenous miR-149-5p and partially reversed the suppressive effect of miR-149-5p in OS cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that circ-ANKS1B regulated Ki-67 expression by sponging miR-149-5p. Conclusions: In summary, our data showed that circ-ANKS1B accelerated cell growth and invasion in OS by sponging miR-149-5p and regulating Ki-67.
Double diapering facilitates hip maturation in newborns: a prospective randomised control study
Authors: Lee Wei C. , Kao Hsuan K. , Chen Mei C. , Yang Wen E , Chu Shih M. , Chang Chia H.
Published: February 2020

Background Maintaining the hips in flexion and abduction posture is a common recommendation to facilitate hip maturation in infants. Double diapering helps to maintain a baby’s hips in flexion and abduction posture, but the efficacy of double diapers in hip development has never been verified. We investigated whether double diapering results in greater improvement of the alpha angle in the first months of life. Methods This prospective randomised control study enrolled newborns with Graf type IIa hips. Babies were assigned to the double-diaper or single-diaper group. Parents were instructed on proper hip positioning, except for diapering. Change in the alpha angle from newborn to 1 month after birth, rate of improvement to bilateral Graf type I hips in 1 month, and number of ultrasound examinations and orthopaedic clinic visits in the first year were compared between the two groups. For babies with bilateral IIa hips, we used the averaged data from both hips, and for babies with unilateral IIa hips, we used the data from the IIa hips. Results Seventy newborns with 102 type IIa hips were included from January to December 2017. They were allocated to the double-diaper group (N=33) and single-diaper group (N=37). With a comparable sex ratio, gestational age, and newborn alpha angle, the double-diaper group had a greater increase of alpha angles in 1 month than the single-diaper group (+7.9° vs. +5.2°, t-test, p=0.011). Twenty-eight babies in the double-diaper group (84.8%) and 20 babies in the single-diaper group (54.1%) improved to having bilateral Graf type I hips (chi-square test, p=0.006). Subsequent clinical visits and hip ultrasounds before 1 year were significantly reduced in the double-diaper group. Conclusions Our results support double diapering for enhancing hip maturation in babies with Graf type IIa hips. The amount of improvement may not indicate double diapering as a treatment for hip dysplasia, but its effects in immature hips are noteworthy in reducing further clinical and ultrasound follow-ups.
Adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells regulated by microRNA-26b-5p/TCF-4
Authors: Luo Yadong , Ji Huan , Cao Yan , Ding Xu , Li Meng , Song Haiyang , Li Sheng , Wang Chenxing , Wu Heming , Meng Jian , Du Hongming
Published: February 2020

Background: Our study was designed to investigate the role of miR-26b-5p on TCF-4, affecting the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs). METHODS: The adipogenic differentiation of hADMSCs was induced by adipogenic medium for 6 days (d). Bioinformatic and dual-luciferase analyses were used to confirm the relationship between TCF-4 and miR-26b-5p. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the effect of miR-26b-5p on TCF-4 and β-catenin in hADMSCs transfected with miR-26b-5p mimic and inhibitor. Mimic, inhibitor, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfected in hADMSCs to against LEF1 and β-catenin. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine the adipogenic markers and Wnt/β-catenin pathway at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Immunofluorescence was performed to locate β-catenin. RESULTS: hADMSCs could differentiate toward adipocytes by the adipogenic medium. The results of bioinformatic and dual-luciferase analyses show that TCF-4 is a potential target of miR-26b-5p. The immunofluorescence intensity of TCF4 and β-catenin were inhibited by miR-26b-5p in hADMSCs. Overexpression of miR-26b-5p promotes the adipogenic differentiation of hADMSCs. Overexpression of TCF-4 and β-catenin inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of hADMSCs. The adipogenic differentiation of hADMSCs that promoted by knocking down TCF4 could be weakened by low-expression of miR-26b-5p. The stimulative effect of β-catenin low-expression in adipogenic differentiation was inhibited by miR-26b-5p inhibitor. Conclusions: miR-26b-5p is a negative regulator to inhibit TCF-4 directly, and then inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which promotes the adipogenic differentiation of hADMSCs in vitro.
Transcriptome analysis of miRNAs expression reveals novel insights into root formation under Root restriction cultivation in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Li Hui , Gao Zhen , Zahid Muhammad Salman , Li Dong Mei , Javed Hafiz Umer , Wang Lei , Song Shi ren , Zhao Li Ping , Xu Wen Ping , Zhang Cai Xi , Ma Chao , Wang Shi Ping
Published: February 2020

Background: Root restriction cultivation not only promotes maturation and quality of fruit, but optimizes the architecture of root, especially in enhancing the occurrence of adventitious and lateral roots. While the molecular mechanism of this phenotype is still unknown. Results: In this study, the development of roots was observed at 12 different time points under Root restriction and normal cultivations (control). Root phenotype showed a significantly different feature start from the seventh sampling, mainly in the increasing of adventitious roots numbers, degeneration of root tip and subsequent mass of lateral roots development. The 7th and 12th sampling of two different cultivations, named nR7, nR12, RR7, and RR12, were selected for small RNA sequencing. 214,439,588 raw reads were obtained and 168,741,687 clean reads were remained after the quality control steps, and finally got a total of 153 known miRNAs, and 119 predicted novel miRNAs. The predicted novel miRNAs blasted with the miRVIT and miRBase databases simultaneously. 96 new family members of grapevine miRNA and 23 grapevine-specific novel miRNAs were obtained. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) analysis showed that 26 and 33 miRNAs were differentially expressed in two different cultivation models (RR7 vs nR7; RR12 vs nR12), while 26 and 32 DEMs were obtained in different root development stages (nR12 vs nR7; RR12 vs RR7). MiRNA expression levels analysis found that conserved miRNA s were in higher expression level than novel miRNAs. The predicted target genes of DEMs were annotated on a variety of biological processes, and 24 participated in root development. An analysis of vvi-miR160 family members revealed that vvi-miR160c was highly expressed in grapevine root, indicating the potential role of miR160c in root development, which in accordance with the previous report in Arabidopsis . Conclusions: Multiple miRNAs were jointly to regulate root development on Root restriction condition, mainly in lateral root development. And the specific expression of vvi-miR160c in the apex may be the main cause of apical degradation. Moreover, there were multiple miRNAs related to biotic or abiotic stresses, which indicated that multiple minor stresses exist in root development after Root restriction cultivation.
Does serum follicle-stimulating hormone during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation predict to ovarian response and reproduction potential in IVF/ICSI clinical practice?
Authors: Ma Yujia , Sun Bo , Hu Linli , Wang Fang , Sun Ying-Pu
Published: February 2020

Background: Although serum basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is widely used to evaluate the ovarian response, the necessity of levels of serum FSH during the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) is controversy. When the ovarian response to COH is suboptimal due to the insufficient dose of FSH, which is often adjusted in subsequent treatment accordingly, we could detect serum FSH levels and considering that exogenous FSH is inadequate to optimal FSH threshold. We, therefore, aim to evaluate the association between the ovarian response and the difference value of serum FSH concentration in the first five days of ovarian stimulation. Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, patients were enrolled for first IVF/ICSI during the period from August 2015 to December 2017. The COH only included gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocols in which endogenous serum FSH values were suppressed, and stimulated with 150IU fixed-dose recombinant FSH (rFSH) during the first five days. Patients met all inclusion criteria were selected: age ≤ 40 years, body mass index (BMI) ≤ 32 kg/m2, regular menstruation cycle of 21-35 days and non-ovarian factor infertility. Groups were divided by the amount of oocytes collection as follows: (A) poor responders (n=27), (B) normal responders (n=638), (C) hyper responders (n=205). A multivariable logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the relationship between the ovarian response and difference value of serum FSH levels during the first five days of ovarian stimulation.Result(s): The difference value of serum FSH level (ΔFSH) between the sixth day and the first day during ovarian stimulation was measured as the primary outcome. Mean serum ΔFSH levels between groups B and C were 7.45 and 6.87, which had significant differences (p=0.0259). ΔFSH was stratified in quartiles as below: (a) ΔFSH≤5.16, (b) ΔFSH 5.16-7.11, (c) 7.11-9.09, (d) ΔFSH˃9.09. After adjusted by potential confounding factors, there was no relationship exists between ΔFSH levels and ovarian response.Conclusion(s): There is no relevance between the ovarian response and ΔFSH in the 150 IU fixed dose rFSH treatment protocol during COH. Serum FSH might not be used as an effective predictor for ovarian response and reproduction potential in IVF/ICSI clinical practice.
Teaching a DISCHARGE Framework to Hospital Teams to Improve Transitions of Care
Authors: Trivedi Shreya P. , Lipkin Mack , Schwartz Mark D.
Published: February 2020

Background: Residents typically learn about managing transitions of care as part of the informal curriculum in an ad-hoc, reactive manner. Learning may be enhanced by using a framework to proactively practice addressing key domains for a patient soon-to-be-discharged from the hospital. We developed such an evidence-based framework, DISCHARGE , as a cognitive aid. Using this framework, we implemented and evaluated a workshop designed for hospital teams to learn addressing key components of discharging a patient.Methods: All members of 8 Internal Medicine teams across 4 rotations were invited to attend an hour-long workshop ranging from September 2017 - February 2018. Participants completed a retrospective, pre-post survey on their perceived change in discharge-related behaviors. We evaluated the perceived effectiveness of the workshop with a retrospective pre-post questionnaire. We used Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for pairwise comparisons to access perceived changes in discharge behaviors.Results: A total of 90 of 140 team members (64%) attended the workshop and 79 of the 90 (87%) completed the questionnaire. The session was effective in increasing the likelihood of addressing patient-centered behaviors at discharge (mean 1.4 improvement on a 5-point scale, P<0.001, R>0.5). In addition, senior residents and attendings projected they were more likely to discuss the importance of discharge planning with the team early in a rotation. Interns noted they were more comfortable asking the team for help in carrying out a discharge plan (p<0.001, R>0.5).Conclusions: Teaching teams a cognitive aid to practice managing hospital discharges may increase the likelihood of addressing important domains for their patients. Incorporating the team allows for explicit alignment for priorities and communication. Further study is needed to document how such learning is translated into discharge practice.
Statistical methods to support diagnosing rare diseases
Authors: Pilz Guenter F. , Weber Frank , Mueller Werner G. , Schaefer Juergen R.
Published: February 2020

Background Far too often, one meets patients who went for years or even decades from doctor to doctor, without getting a valid diagnosis. This brings pain to millions of patients and their families, not to speak of the enormous costs. Often patients do not know well enough which factors (or combinations thereof) trigger their problems. Results If conventional methods fail, we propose the use of statistics and algebra to give doctors much more precise inputs from patients. We propose statistical regression for independent triggering factors for medical problems, and “balanced incomplete block designs” for non-independent factors. These methods might change a useless statement like “I feel very tired after meals” to a much more valuable “After a meal with many carbohydrates, but few vegetables, a moderate physical activity will usually force me into a wheel-chair”. In order to show that these methods do work, we briefly describe a real case in which these methods helped to solve a 60 year old problem in a patient, and give some more examples where these methods might be very useful. Discussion In this paper, we present a way of getting medical diagnoses when the methods in medicine are insufficient, too time consuming, or very expensive. By asking the patient to conduct tests (often at home) according to a very well-prepared schedule, statistics can use regression analysis to identify the factors (or combinations thereof) which trigger or worsen the patient’s problems. This (very inexpensive) analysis can often give the patient’s doctor(s) a very good and precise input for their diagnosis. Conclusions While regression is used in clinical medicine, it seems to be widely unknown among diagnosing doctors. In finding the reason(s) of rare diseases, doctors face very tough problems. So they deserve to know all tools which could offer some help. This can save the health systems much money, and the patients also a lot of pain.
Availability and Uptake of Community-Based Rehabilitation and Inclusive Development Services in Southwestern Uganda: Experiences of Children with Spina Bifida, Caretakers and Health Professionals
Authors: Ganshanga Ambrose , Asasira Justus
Published: February 2020

It is over a decade since services for children with Spina bifida were established in Uganda which has increased the survival rate after spina bifida repair through follow ups. Such children have significant disability and other complications which damage the central nervous system. The consequences of this are more profound in low-income countries if post-operative and long-term care interventions are not adhered to. This study explored the availability and uptake of community-based rehabilitation and inclusive development services to children with Spina bifida in Southwestern Uganda.
STAT3 signaling pathway could be involved in the progress of cognitive dysfunction caused by ligature-induced periodontitis
Authors: Hu Yi , Zhang Xu , Zhang Jing , Li Huxiao , Xia Xinyi , Qiu Che , Liao Yue , Chen Huiwen , Song Zhongchen , Zhou Wei
Published: February 2020

Background: Increasing evidence suggests a causal link between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Systemic inflammation initiated by periodontitis may mediate the development of AD. Our study aims to investigate the effect of ligature-induced periodontitis on cognitive function and the role of STAT3 in this process.Materials and Methods: Ligature-induced periodontitis was established, and the rats were treated intraperitoneally with/without the pSTAT3 inhibitor cryptotanshinone (CTS, 5 mg/kg). Alveolar bone resorption and periodontal inflammation were detected by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis and histopathological evaluation. The expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-21) in the periphery was evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA. Locomotor activity and cognitive function were evaluated by the open field test and the Morris water maze test, respectively. The activation of microglia and astrocytes was assessed by immunohistochemistry. In the cortex, the cytokines mentioned above were also detected, while the activation of the STAT3 signalling pathway (JAK2, STAT3, and pSTAT3) was assessed by Western blotting. The expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its key secretase enzymes was evaluated by RT-PCR, while the total Aβ and the ratio of Aβ1-40/1-42 were measured via ELISA.Results: In periodontal ligature rats, significant alveolar bone resorption and local inflammatory cell infiltration were present. Apparent increases in inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-21) were detected; this change was relieved by the pSTAT3 inhibitor CTS. Additionally, spatial learning and memory function was impaired, while locomotor activity was not affected. Activated microglia and astrocytes were found in the cortex and hippocampus. In the cortex, these inflammatory cytokines showed similar changes when the STAT3 signalling pathway was activated. The processing of APP by β- and γ-secretases was promoted, and both the total Aβ and the ratio of Aβ1-40/1-42 were upregulated. Changes in the brain were also attenuated by CTS.Conclusions: Ligature-induced periodontitis in rats resulted in systemic inflammation and further impairments in cognitive function, leading to AD-like pathology. The activation of the STAT3 signalling pathway may play an important role in this process by increasing inflammatory load in both the periphery and brain, promoting neuroinflammation and modulating APP processing. This study may provide novel insights into periodontal intervention strategies and potential targets for AD prevention.
Evaluation the influence of core stability exercise on standing stability of hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Karimi mohammad
Published: February 2020

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common neurological disorders influences the abilities of the subjects to stand and walk. Various kinds of exercise are recommended to improve the stability of CP subjects during quiet standing. However, there is no evidence regarding the effects of core stability exercise on stability of CP subjects. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the efficiency of this exercise on stability of CP subjects.Method: Two group of normal and CP children were recruited in this study (10 subjects). The stability of the subjects was determined by use of a Kistler forceplate. The stability of the subjects was measured by Approximate entropy (ApEn) based on COP sways. The dynamic stability was evaluated by Berge balance scale. Ashworth scale was used to determine the spasticity of lower limb muscles groups. Results: The mean value of ApEn of CP patients in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were 0.465±0.11 and 0.426±0.99, respectively compared to 1.02±0.11 and 0.426±0.099 for normal subjects. There was a significant increase in ApEn of CP subjects before and after exercise (p-value<0.05). The mean value of Berge scale was 46.2±5.77 and 51.87±3.9 before and after exercise, respectively.Conclusion: As lower value of ApEn associated with decrease in complexity, higher rigidity and unstability, it can be concluded that CP subjects were unstable than normal subjects. Use of core stability exercise improves complexity of the system and improves the stability of the subjects due to its effect on muscular spasm.