bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION DAN ICE MASSAGE UNTUK MENCEGAH DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS
Authors: Wanodyana Wazim Bachtiar , Ambardini Rachmah Laksmi
Published: June 2020

Banyak kasus Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) yang dialami atlet pada fase latihan maupun pertandingan yang menyebabkan penurunan prestasi olahraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi dari stretching proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation dan ice massage untuk Mencegah DOMSPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Metode yang digunakan adalah controle group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa FIK UNY peserta UKM Olahraga. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa FIK UNY peserta UKM Olahraga berjenis kelamin laki-laki yang berjumlah 20 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket tingkat nyeri dan goniometer untuk mengukur ROM. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis uji Wilcoxon.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kombinasi stretching proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation dan ice massage efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya delayed onset muscle soreness dengan indikator rasa nyeri, ROM, dan skala fungsi. Terutama untuk penurunan nyeri tekan, peningkatan ROM lutut, skala fungsi duduk dan berdiri, naik tangga, dan jongkok.
PENGARUH CIRCUIT BODYWEIGHT TRAINING TERHADAP DAYA TAHAN JANTUNG-PARU DAN PERSENTASE LEMAK
Authors: Hakim Ali Abdul , Prasetyo Yudik
Published: June 2020

Sebagian besar warga Blok Pathuk Ngampilan Yogyakarta memiliki tingkat kebugaran yang kurang baik dan lemak berlebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh circuit bodyweight training terhadap daya tahan jantung-paru dan persentase lemak warga Blok Pathuk Ngampilan Yogyakarta.Penelitian ini merupakan pre-experimental design dengan one-group pretest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah warga Blok Pathuk Ngampilan Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak enam orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan tes dan pengukuran. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes rockport, timbangan, omron body fat monitor. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji-t untuk mengetahui perbedaan variabel antara pretest dan posttest pada eksperimen.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan uji-t data daya tahan jantung-paru diperoleh nilai Sig 0,771 > 0,05, maka tidak ada peningkatan yang signifikan. Hasil uji-t data persentase lemak diperoleh nilai sig 0,036 < 0,05, maka terdapat penurunan lemak yang signifikan.
PREVALENSI, KARAKTERISTIK, DAN PENANGANAN DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS (DOMS)
Authors: Prihantoro Yanuar , Ambardini Rachmah Laksmi
Published: June 2020

Latihan yang melibatkan kontraksi eccentric seringkali menimbulkan nyeri 1 hari setelah latihan (DOMS). Sampai saat ini prevalensi, karakteristik dan penanganan DOMS belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi, karakteristik, dan penanganan Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) anggota UKM olahraga di UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 150 orang dari 5 UKM olahraga UNY. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah aksidental sampling. Jumlah sampel adalah 60 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan angket. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa seluruh anggota UKM bidang olahraga UNY pernah mengalami DOMS. Penanganan yang dilakukan adalah stretching sebanyak 45% dan istirahat sebanyak 42%. Penanganan yang dilakukan dirasa sudah efektif dalam mengurangi rasa nyeri akibat DOMS. Bagian yang sering mengalami DOMS adalah bagian betis (gastrocnemius) sebanyak 36% dan otot hamstring sebanyak 28%.  PREVALENCE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND HANDLING DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS (DOMS) AbstractExercises that involve eccentric contractions often cause pain 1 day after exercise (DOMS). Until now, the prevalence, characteristics and handling of DOMS is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and handling of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) of UKM sports members at UNY. This research is a descriptive study using a survey method. The population of this study was 150 people from 5 UNY sports UKM. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. The number of samples is 60 people. The research instrument used was using a questionnaire. Analysis of the data used is descriptive statistics. The results showed that all members of UKM in the UNY sports field had experienced DOMS. Handling is done by stretching as much as 45% and as much as 42% rest. Handling is considered effective in reducing pain due to DOMS. The part that often experiences DOMS is the calf (gastrocnemius) as much as 36% and hamstring muscles as much as 28%.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DIET DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP STATUS GIZI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Baja Fuadi Raja , Rismayanthi Cerika
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh banyaknya remaja yang belum mengetahui pemilihan nutrisi yang baik dan menganggap konsep diet hanya untuk menurunkan berat badan serta kebiasaan pola aktivitas fisik pasif atau sedentari pada remaja. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 45 siswa SMAN 1 Yogyakarta. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu pengetahuan diet, aktivitas fisik dan status gizi. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur pengetahuan diet adalah dengan tes tingkat pengetahuan yang telah tervalidasi, aktivitas fisik dengan menggunakan Global Physical Activity Questonnaire(GPAQ) dan status gizi dengan indeks massa tubuh. Status gizi digolongkan menjadi status gizi baik dan tidak baik. Pengolahan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hubungan pengetahuan diet dan aktivitas fisik terhadap status gizi dengan metode Chi Square dan Goodman Kruskall - Gamma Statistic. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan diet terhadap status gizi pada siswa SMAN 1 Yogyakarta (r=0,62 : p=0,01) serta ada hubungan antara aktivitas fisik terhadap status gizi pada siswa SMAN 1 Yogyakarta (r=0,85 ; p=0,000). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan diet dan aktivitas fisik siswa maka akan semakin baik status gizinya.RELATIONSHIP OF DIET KNOWLEDGE LEVELS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES TOWARD NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT AbstractThis research is motivated by the many teenagers who do not know the selection of good nutrition and consider the concept of diet only to lose weight and habitual patterns of passive or sedentary physical activity in adolescents. This type of research is a descriptive study with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were 45 students of SMAN 1 Yogyakarta. The variables studied were dietary knowledge, physical activity and nutritional status. The instrument used to measure dietary knowledge is to test the level of knowledge that has been validated, physical activity using the Global Physical Activity Questonnaire (GPAQ) and nutritional status with body mass index. Nutritional status is classified as good and bad nutritional status. Data processing was analyzed descriptively. The relationship of dietary knowledge and physical activity to nutritional status with the Chi Square method and Goodman Kruskall - Gamma Statistics. The results showed that there was a relationship between dietary knowledge and nutritional status in students of SMAN 1 Yogyakarta (r = 0.62: p = 0.01) and there was a relationship between physical activity and nutritional status in students of SMAN 1 Yogyakarta (r = 0.85; p = 0,000). It can be concluded that the higher the level of dietary knowledge and physical activity of students, the better the nutritional status.
XXIV Международный симпозиум Нанофизика и наноэлектроника", Нижний Новгород, 10-13 марта 2020 г. Влияние граничных условий на высокочастотную электропроводность тонкого проводящего слоя в продольном магнитном поле
Authors: Кузнецова И.А. , Савенко О.В. , Кузнецов П.А.
Published: June 2020

The problem of the high-frequency conductivity of a thin conductive layer in a longitudinal magnetic field is solved in terms of kinetic approach taking into account diffuse-mirror boundary conditions. Specularity coefficients of layer surfaces are assumed to be different. An analytical expression is derived for dimensionless integral conductivity as a function of dimensionless parameters: layer thickness, electric field frequency, magnetic induction, chemical potential and surface specularity coefficients. The limiting cases of a degenerate and non-degenerate electron gas are considered. A comparative analysis of theoretical calculations with experimental data is carried out. The method to determine specularity coefficients and mean free path of charge carriers from the longitudinal magnetoresistance of a thin metal film is illustrated.
Модификация соотношения sp^2/sp^3-гибридного углерода в PECVD пленках DLC
Authors: Юнин П.А. , Охапкин А.И. , Дроздов М.Н. , Королев С.А. , Архипова Е.А. , Краев С.А. , Дроздов Ю.Н. , Шашкин В.И. , Радищев Д.Б.
Published: June 2020

Abstract It is known that diamond-like carbon layers consist of carbon components with sp ^2 (graphite) and sp ^3 (diamond) hybridizations of electron orbitals. The quantitative ratio between sp ^2 and sp ^3 components has a profound effect on the structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties of the films. In this study, the possibility of controlling the fractions of sp ^2- and sp ^3-hybridized carbon in diamond-like films produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition onto single-crystal silicon and diamond substrates is analyzed. In-situ methods of controlling the fraction of the sp ^3 component by varying the power of the capacitive and inductively coupled discharges directly during production of the film and ex-situ methods, in which use is made of thermal annealing and the application of an electric field, are demonstrated.
Углеродные пленки, полученные импульсным лазерным методом, и их влияние на свойства GaAs-структур
Authors: Данилов Ю.А. , Ведь М.В. , Вихрова О.В. , Дикарева Н.В. , Дроздов М.Н. , Звонков Б.Н. , Ковальский В.А. , Крюков Р.Н. , Кудрин А.В. , Лесников В.П. , Юнин П.А. , Андреев А.М.
Published: June 2020

Abstract The properties of carbon layers produced on GaAs substrates by the pulsed laser sputtering of pyrolytic graphite in vacuum are studied. The optimal deposition temperature is 500°C; in this case, the growth rate of carbon layers is 0.19 nm s^–1. The Raman spectra correspond to the spectrum of nanocrystalline graphite. The carbon layers possess p -type conductivity, exhibit a semiconductor-type temperature dependence of the resistance, and are used as a conductive transparent coating of GaAs structures with an InGaAs quantum well. The structures show noticeable electroluminescence even at small pump currents and are photosensitive in the range 1.5–2.2 eV at up to room temperature of measurements.
Синтез InGaN-наноструктур развитой морфологии на кремнии: влияние температуры подложки на морфологические и оптические свойства
Authors: Резник Р.Р. , Гридчин В.О. , Котляр К.П. , Крыжановская Н.В. , Морозов С.В. , Цырлин Г.Э.
Published: June 2020

In this work, the influence of substrate temperature
on morphological and optical properties of branched InGaN
nanostructures on the Si(111) surface during MBE growth was
studied. It was shown that an increase of the substrate temperature
leads to a change in the morphology of InGaN nanostructures. In
particular, the height of InGaN nanocolumns, which are formed
at the initial stage of growth, increases. At the same time,
an increase in the growth temperature of InGaN nanostructures
leads to an increase in the intensity of the photoluminescence
spectra from such structures, and the dependences of the integrated
photoluminescence intensity on the excitation power are linear in
both cases. All these facts indicate the promise of such structures
for optical applications, for example, for creating white LEDs
based on a single material
Особенности газофазной эпитаксии GaAs на непланарных подложках
Authors: Дроздов Ю.Н. , Краев С.А. , Охапкин А.И. , Данильцев В.М. , Скороходов Е.В.
Published: June 2020

Abstract The features of the surface shape of GaAs epitaxial layers grown on grooves several micrometers wide with vertical walls and an aspect ratio close to unity are investigated. The grooves are formed on the surface of a GaAs wafer in a plasma-chemical etching installation and overgrown by organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy under reduced pressure in a reactor.
Квантовая когерентность и эффект Кондо в двумерном электронном газе магнитно-нелегированных гетероструктур AlGaN/GaN
Authors: Чумаков Н.К. , Черных И.А. , Давыдов A.Б. , Езубченко И.С. , Грищенко Ю.В. , Лев Л.Л. , Майборода И.О. , Моргун Л.A. , Строков В.Н. , Валеев В.Г. , Занавескин М.Л.
Published: June 2020

Abstract The unusual observation of the Kondo effect in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) of magnetically undoped AlGaN/GaN heterostructures is reported. The temperature-dependent zero-field resistivity data exhibits an upturn below 120 K, while the standard low-temperature weak localization and then weak antilocalization behaviour is revealed at T → 0. Magnetic transport investigations of the system are performed in the temperature range of 0.1–300 K and at magnetic fields up to 8 T, applied perpendicularly to the 2DEG plane. The experimental data are analyzed in terms of the multichannel Kondo model for d _0 magnetic materials and weak localization theory taking into account the spin-orbit interaction.
Дифракционная селекция мод в гетеролазерах с планарными брэгговскими структурами
Authors: Гинзбург Н.С. , Сергеев А.С. , Кочаровская Е.Р. , Малкин А.М. , Егорова Е.Д. , Заславский В.Ю.
Published: June 2020

Within the coupled waves method complemented by quasi-optical approach, we investigate a possibility of diffraction mode selection with respect to the transverse mode index in lasers with planar Bragg resonators. Allowable values of the Fresnel parameter are determined which provide for establishment of stationary single-mode oscillation regime with narrow angle spectrum due to diffraction losses from the edges of the Bragg structure. We show that at larger values of the Fresnel parameter, oscillation stability can be improved by shifting the operating transition frequency to the eigenfrequency of the highest-Q longitudinal mode of the Bragg resonator.
Currículo, formación integral y calidad de vida en el contexto del caribe colombiano.
Authors: Rodríguez Akle Álvaro , González Monroy Luis Alfredo
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo es una reflexión desde la perspectiva del currículo orientado al desarrollo humano integral, a partir de comprender que los problemas del caribe colombiano son oportunidades que permiten reconstruir al sujeto social y colectivo en el contexto de sus propias realidades y transformaciones, en la dinámica histórico cultural, de manera que se reconstruya la identidad regional a partir de los aportes de las comunidades educativas que edifican el currículo encaminado a formar personas plenas, proactivas, con capacidad de liderazgo y gestión hacia el desarrollo sostenible en un mundo en constante cambio.
Credibilidad y estatus de en la escritura científico social
Authors: Sierra Pineda Isabel Alicia
Published: June 2020

Nuestra revista es una estrategia de la Maestría en educación de la red de Universidades estatales del caribe colombiano SUE Caribe concebida con el propósito de divulgar los avances y resultados de realizaciones investigativas en los campos temáticos de la educación y la pedagogía, ampliado al ámbito de las ciencias sociales y humanas. Se proyecta su reconocimiento e influencia en el Caribe Colombiano con nexos a nivel nacional, latinoamericano e internacional en el más amplio horizonte de interacción.

Assensus (del latín) se define como "el asentimiento del intelecto a la verdad de una proposición”. En nuestra interpretación adoptamos esta denominación por los atributos que concede:  Assensus es la credibilidad  que  le otorgamos a alguien que nos dice algo a lo que asentimos porque ese alguien ha demostrado que está acreditado, y ese algo cobra sentido  desde la actividad investigativa, de manera que otorgarle ese crédito resulta muy razonable. Esa es la categoría y el estatus que esperamos lograr en los autores y en sus artículos al ser aprobados y publicados en esta revista.
Desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico en las ciencias sociales a través de la implementación de organizadores gráficos en la educación media rural.
Authors: Ríos Carrascal Olines
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo se deriva de una investigación que le apostó a la Implementación de Organizadores gráficos, la “V” Heurística y la Trama-Problema-Solución (TPS), como estrategia de intervención para desarrollar habilidades de pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de 9° a 11° grado en educación pública rural. El diseño Metodológico se basó en la perspectiva Interpretativa – comprensiva, en su modalidad de Investigación Acción (I.A), perspectiva orientada al Cambio desde la Intervención, propio del Paradigma Cualitativo en su enfoque Crítico Social. El sustrato teórico se apoya en las Teorías Cognitivas Del Aprendizaje, la definición y las 6 destrezas intelectuales del Pensamiento Crítico identificadas por el Panel de Expertos para el Informe Delphi; y la teoría de los organizadores gráficos relacionada con el Aprendizaje Visual, fundamentados en los principios del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). Las Técnicas utilizadas en la recolección de la información fueron: observación participante, el grupo de discusión y la entrevista a profundidad estructurada en torno a 8 categorías de análisis.  Como instrumentos fueron claves la prueba ANISE, el Test de estilos de aprendizaje de Felder y Silverman y las pruebas escritas en clase; los datos recolectados fueron procesados en Excel y para el análisis de la información se utilizó la correlación de datos con el software Atlas-ti. Se obtuvieron resultados positivos que demostraron que sí es posible desarrollar habilidades de pensamiento crítico cuando hay disposición para aprender a aprender.
Mediaciones Tecnológicas para el desarrollo de la competencia semántica comunicativa- lectura inferencial en básica primaria
Authors: Barcenas Morales María Consuelo , Mercado Paolo , Carrascal Torres Nohemy
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo describe la metodología, resultados y conclusiones   derivadas del estudio “Mediaciones Tecnológicas para el desarrollo de la Competencia Semántica Comunicativa- lectura Inferencial en estudiantes de Básica Primaria” desarrollado en la Institución Educativa José María Berástegui, municipio de Ciénaga de Oro, Departamento de  Córdoba, con el propósito  de potenciar el desarrollo de la competencia semántica comunicativa de la lectura inferencial en estudiantes de tercer grado de básica primaria. A partir de la reflexión de estudiantes, docentes y padres de familia se diseñan ambientes mediados con TIC fundamentados conceptualmente en el Enfoque Semántico Comunicativo.  El proceso investigativo se desarrolla en cuatro fases: una fase diagnóstica la cual se estructura a partir del acompañamientos en el aula, evaluación diagnóstica, revisión y reflexión sobre los aspectos registrados en el observador del alumno; los datos obtenidos permiten construir colectivamente un  plan de acción , seguidamente se desarrollan las acciones planeadas y se finaliza con la fase de evaluación reflexión sobre el proceso desarrollado, las  transformaciones obtenidas en  las prácticas de aula y la potenciación en los estudiantes de grado tercero de la básica primaria en lectura inferencial. Conceptualmente se fundamenta en la teoría de Cassany (2006), la cual señala que “Leer es recuperar el valor semántico de cada palabra y relacionarlo con el de las palabras anteriores y posteriores”, en este mismo sentido Van Dijk (1999), establece que la lectura está mediatizada por la memoria social, elementos esenciales en el proceso lector. Los resultados evidencian cambios en la actitud, motivación y participación en las actividades diseñadas a través de TIC, mejorando la comprensión lectora a nivel inferencial. Este diseño de nuevos ambientes de aprendizaje mediados con TIC para la enseñanza de la lectura favorece el aprendizaje cooperativo, colaborativo, el reconocimiento y valoración de los saberes de los estudiantes y el enriquecimiento de los contextos de aula.
La Educación Religiosa Escolar como espacio ecuménico y fundamento espiritual humanizante
Authors: Gamarra Guerrero Ana Lucía , Genes Argel Eduar Miguel , Pacheco Lora Luis Carlos
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo muestra la situación actual de la Educación Religiosa Escolar en una institución pública de Colombia, la Escuela Normal Superior de Montería. Se formula como objetivo, determinar unos lineamientos para el diseño de una propuesta pedagógica de Educación Religiosa Escolar como espacio ecuménico y fundamento espiritual-humanizante en la Escuela Normal Superior de Montería. Advierte de la influencia que ha tenido la Iglesia Católica sobre el Proyecto Educativo Institucional y sobre el plan de asignatura de este curso y describe los nuevos escenarios culturales, sociales, normativos, confesionales y pluralistas, mediante la caracterización de las percepciones de la comunidad educativa donde se desarrolló la investigación. La pesquisa se ubica en el campo de la investigación cualitativa y utilizó el método de la teoría fundamentada para crear una teoría sustantiva relacionada con la situación particular del desarrollo de la Educación Religiosa Escolar en la institución, surgida de las expresiones de conformidad, inconformidad, validación de hechos y propuesta de la comunidad educativa frente a este fenómeno. Se identificaron las alternativas de solución en las apreciaciones de la comunidad educativa que aportó a los lineamientos para el diseño de una propuesta pedagógica que reconozca a la Educación Religiosa Escolar como una herramienta clave en la formación integral de los estudiantes, abierta al  mundo de las religiones, espiritual, trascendente y construida con la participación de todas las confesiones de fe que conviven en la institución, dentro del marco de la tolerancia, el respeto y el diálogo.
Health Gain, Cost Impacts, and Cost-Effectiveness of a Mass Media Campaign to Promote Smartphone Apps for Physical Activity: Modeling Study
Authors: Mizdrak Anja , Telfer Kendra , Direito Artur , Cobiac Linda J , Blakely Tony , Cleghorn Christine L , Wilson Nick
Published: June 2020

Background

Physical activity smartphone apps are a promising strategy to increase population physical activity, but it is unclear whether government mass media campaigns to promote these apps would be a cost-effective use of public funds.

Objective

We aimed to estimate the health impacts, costs, and cost-effectiveness of a one-off national mass media campaign to promote the use of physical activity apps.

Methods

We used an established multistate life table model to estimate the lifetime health gains (in quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]) that would accrue if New Zealand adults were exposed to a one-off national mass media campaign to promote physical activity app use, with a 1-year impact on physical activity, compared to business-as-usual. A health-system perspective was used to assess cost-effectiveness. and a 3% discount rate was applied to future health gains and health system costs.

Results

The modeled intervention resulted in 28 QALYs (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8-72) gained at a cost of NZ $81,000/QALY (2018 US $59,500; 95% UI 17,000-345,000), over the remaining life course of the 2011 New Zealand population. The intervention had a low probability (20%) of being cost-effective at a cost-effectiveness threshold of NZ $45,000 (US $32,900) per QALY. The health impact and cost-effectiveness of the intervention were highly sensitive to assumptions around the maintenance of physical activity behaviors beyond the duration of the intervention.

Conclusions

A mass media campaign to promote smartphone apps for physical activity is unlikely to generate much health gain or be cost-effective at the population level. Other investments to promote physical activity, particularly those that result in sustained behavior change, are likely to have greater health impacts.
Digital Media’s Role in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bao Huanyu , Cao Bolin , Xiong Yuan , Tang Weiming
Published: June 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak has had a significant impact on global health, the economy, and society as a whole. Various measures are being taken to respond to the pandemic, with digital media playing a pivotal role, especially in the use of visual data to disseminate information, mobile health to coordinate medical resources, social media to promote public health campaigns, and digital tools to assist population management and disease tracing. However, digital media also faces some challenges like misinformation, lack of guidance, and information leakage. We encourage the increased use of digital media with a focus on improving trust, building social solidarity, reducing chaos, educating the public on prevention measures, and reducing the medical burden in facility-based sites.
Effect of BMI and Perceived Importance of Health on the Health Behavior of College Students: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hsu Wan-Chen , Chiang Chia-Hsun
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Both body mass index (BMI) and the perceived importance of health have received a lot of attention, but few studies have fully investigated the interaction of their effects on health behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the effects of BMI and the perceived importance of health on health behaviors (patterns of eating, sleeping, and exercising) among college students in Taiwan.

METHODS

A survey was conducted with 334 students to assess their perception of the importance of health (using indicators) and their health behavior (using the Health Behaviors Scale). Respondent BMI was calculated from self-reported body weight and height. Descriptive statistical analysis, independent t test analysis, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and one-way ANOVA were conducted.

RESULTS

The results showed a significant difference between genders in health behaviors among college students (eating: t332=2.17, P=.03; exercise: t332=5.57, P<.001; sleep: t332=2.58, P=.01). Moreover, there was an interaction between BMI and perception (of the importance of health) for exercise behaviors (F2,328=3.50, P=.03), but not for eating behaviors (F2,328=0.12, P=.89) or sleep behaviors (F2,328=1.64, P=.20).

CONCLUSIONS

This study establishes, for the first time, the interaction of BMI and the perceived importance of health on health behaviors. The perception of health was found to have a significant effect on exercise behaviors. Thus, the perception of health plays a significant role in the exercise behaviors of college students in Taiwan. This finding provides researchers, policy makers, and practitioners with evidence, and consequently, opportunities for focusing on preventive actions. The findings suggest that increasing the importance of health in the perception of college students, should be the focus of efforts to help students exercise more regularly.
Health Gain, Cost Impacts, and Cost-Effectiveness of a Mass Media Campaign to Promote Smartphone Apps for Physical Activity: Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mizdrak Anja , Telfer Kendra , Direito Artur , Cobiac Linda J , Blakely Tony , Cleghorn Christine L , Wilson Nick
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Physical activity smartphone apps are a promising strategy to increase population physical activity, but it is unclear whether government mass media campaigns to promote these apps would be a cost-effective use of public funds.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to estimate the health impacts, costs, and cost-effectiveness of a one-off national mass media campaign to promote the use of physical activity apps.

METHODS

We used an established multistate life table model to estimate the lifetime health gains (in quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]) that would accrue if New Zealand adults were exposed to a one-off national mass media campaign to promote physical activity app use, with a 1-year impact on physical activity, compared to business-as-usual. A health-system perspective was used to assess cost-effectiveness. and a 3% discount rate was applied to future health gains and health system costs.

RESULTS

The modeled intervention resulted in 28 QALYs (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8-72) gained at a cost of NZ $81,000/QALY (2018 US $59,500; 95% UI 17,000-345,000), over the remaining life course of the 2011 New Zealand population. The intervention had a low probability (20%) of being cost-effective at a cost-effectiveness threshold of NZ $45,000 (US $32,900) per QALY. The health impact and cost-effectiveness of the intervention were highly sensitive to assumptions around the maintenance of physical activity behaviors beyond the duration of the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

A mass media campaign to promote smartphone apps for physical activity is unlikely to generate much health gain or be cost-effective at the population level. Other investments to promote physical activity, particularly those that result in sustained behavior change, are likely to have greater health impacts.
Enabling Remote Patient Monitoring Through the Use of Smart Thermostat Data in Canada: Exploratory Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sahu Kirti Sundar , Oetomo Arlene , Morita Plinio Pelegrini
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Advances in technology have made the development of remote patient monitoring possible in recent years. However, there is still room for innovation in the types of technologies that are developed, used, and implemented. The smart thermostat solutions provided in this study can expand beyond typically defined features and be used for improved holistic health monitoring purposes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to validate the hypothesis that remote motion sensors could be used to quantify and track an individual’s movements around the house. On the basis of our results, the next step would be to determine if using remote motion sensors could be a novel data collection method compared with the national census-level surveys administered by governmental bodies. The results will be used to inform a more extensive implementation study of similar smart home technologies to gather data for machine learning algorithms and to build upon pattern recognition and comprehensive health monitoring.

METHODS

We conducted a pilot study with a sample size of 8 to validate the use of remote motion sensors to quantify movement in the house. A large database containing data from smart home thermostats was analyzed to compare the following indicators; sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. These indicators were developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada and are collected through traditional survey methods.

RESULTS

The results showed a significant Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.8 (P<.001), which indicates a positive linear association between the total number of sensors activated and the total number of indoor steps traveled by study participants. In addition, the indicators of sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were all found to be highly comparable with those attained by the Public Health Agency of Canada.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings demonstrate that remote motion sensors data from a smart thermostat solution are a viable option when compared with traditional survey data collection methods for health data collection and are also a form of zero-effort technology that can be used to monitor the activity levels and nature of activity of occupants within the home.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Moderating Role of Coping Mechanisms and Being an e-Sport Player Between Psychiatric Symptoms and Gaming Disorder: Online Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Bányai Fanni , Zsila Ágnes , Kökönyei Gyöngyi , Griffiths Mark D , Demetrovics Zsolt , Király Orsolya
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The emerging popularity of playing video games (gaming) as a hobby and as a professional sport raises awareness about both the benefits and possible downsides of the activity. Although a healthy and passionate hobby for most, a minority of gamers experience addiction-like symptoms and are considered to have gaming disorder (GD). GD has previously been found to be related to aversive conditions, such as depression or anxiety, as well as putatively maladaptive coping strategies.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is twofold: to explore the moderating effect of different coping strategies and type of video game usage (professional [e-sport] or recreational) on the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and GD.

METHODS

A sample of 3476 gamers (n=3133, 90.13% males; mean age 23.20, SD 6.48 years) was recruited via the website and social networking site of the most popular gaming magazine in Hungary (GameStar).

RESULTS

The main effect of psychiatric symptoms was moderate to large in all models, whereas the moderation effects were significant (P<.001) for 4 out of 8 coping strategies (ie, self-blame/self-distraction, denial, emotional/social support, and active coping). However, the explained variance of the models only increased negligibly (from 0.3% to 0.5%) owing to the moderation effect. The direction of the moderations was as expected (ie, putatively maladaptive strategies were associated with more GD symptoms when the level of psychiatric symptoms was high, while putatively adaptive strategies were associated with less). Furthermore, no considerable moderation effect of the player type (recreational vs professional players) was found on the association between psychiatric symptoms and GD (β=.04; P=.02; 0.1% change in the explained variance).

CONCLUSIONS

Future studies should be designed to better understand coping-related mechanisms in the context of video gaming and GD.
Understanding User Behavior Through the Use of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection: Proof of Concept Using Internet of Things Smart Home Thermostat Data for Improving Public Health Surveillance (Preprint)
Authors: Jalali Niloofar , Sahu Kirti Sundar , Oetomo Arlene , Morita Plinio Pelegrini
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

One of the main concerns of public health surveillance is to preserve the physical and mental health of older adults while supporting their independence and privacy. On the other hand, to better assist those individuals with essential health care services in the event of an emergency, their regular activities should be monitored. Internet of Things (IoT) sensors may be employed to track the sequence of activities of individuals via ambient sensors, providing real-time insights on daily activity patterns and easy access to the data through the connected ecosystem. Previous surveys to identify the regular activity patterns of older adults were deficient in the limited number of participants, short period of activity tracking, and high reliance on predefined normal activity.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to overcome the aforementioned challenges by performing a pilot study to evaluate the utilization of large-scale data from smart home thermostats that collect the motion status of individuals for every 5-minute interval over a long period of time.

METHODS

From a large-scale dataset, we selected a group of 30 households who met the inclusion criteria (having at least 8 sensors, being connected to the system for at least 355 days in 2018, and having up to 4 occupants). The indoor activity patterns were captured through motion sensors. We used the unsupervised, time-based, deep neural-network architecture long short-term memory-variational autoencoder to identify the regular activity pattern for each household on 2 time scales: annual and weekday. The results were validated using 2019 records. The area under the curve as well as loss in 2018 were compatible with the 2019 schedule. Daily abnormal behaviors were identified based on deviation from the regular activity model.

RESULTS

The utilization of this approach not only enabled us to identify the regular activity pattern for each household but also provided other insights by assessing sleep behavior using the sleep time and wake-up time. We could also compare the average time individuals spent at home for the different days of the week. From our study sample, there was a significant difference in the time individuals spent indoors during the weekend versus on weekdays.

CONCLUSIONS

This approach could enhance individual health monitoring as well as public health surveillance. It provides a potentially nonobtrusive tool to assist public health officials and governments in policy development and emergency personnel in the event of an emergency by measuring indoor behavior while preserving privacy and using existing commercially available thermostat equipment.
Predictive Models for Neonatal Follow-Up Serum Bilirubin: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Chou Joseph H
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Hyperbilirubinemia affects many newborn infants and, if not treated appropriately, can lead to irreversible brain injury.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop predictive models of follow-up total serum bilirubin measurement and to compare their accuracy with that of clinician predictions.

METHODS

Subjects were patients born between June 2015 and June 2019 at 4 hospitals in Massachusetts. The prediction target was a follow-up total serum bilirubin measurement obtained <72 hours after a previous measurement. Birth before versus after February 2019 was used to generate a training set (27,428 target measurements) and a held-out test set (3320 measurements), respectively. Multiple supervised learning models were trained. To further assess model performance, predictions on the held-out test set were also compared with corresponding predictions from clinicians.

RESULTS

The best predictive accuracy on the held-out test set was obtained with the multilayer perceptron (ie, neural network, mean absolute error [MAE] 1.05 mg/dL) and Xgboost (MAE 1.04 mg/dL) models. A limited number of predictors were sufficient for constructing models with the best performance and avoiding overfitting: current bilirubin measurement, last rate of rise, proportion of time under phototherapy, time to next measurement, gestational age at birth, current age, and fractional weight change from birth. Clinicians made a total of 210 prospective predictions. The neural network model accuracy on this subset of predictions had an MAE of 1.06 mg/dL compared with clinician predictions with an MAE of 1.38 mg/dL (P<.0001). In babies born at 35 weeks of gestation or later, this approach was also applied to predict the binary outcome of subsequently exceeding consensus guidelines for phototherapy initiation and achieved an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.94 (95% CI 0.91 to 0.97).

CONCLUSIONS

This study developed predictive models for neonatal follow-up total serum bilirubin measurements that outperform clinicians. This may be the first report of models that predict specific bilirubin values, are not limited to near-term patients without risk factors, and take into account the effect of phototherapy.

CLINICALTRIAL
Characterizing the effectiveness of COVID-19 mitigation measures: A data-centric approach (Preprint)
Authors: Olagoke Lukman , Topcu Ahmet E.
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 represents a serious threat to both national health and economic systems. To curb this pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a series of COVID-19 public safety guidelines. Different countries around the world initiated different measures in line with the WHO guidelines to mitigate and investigate the spread of COVID-19 in their territories.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of these control measures using a data-centric approach.

METHODS

We begin with a simple text analysis of coronavirus-related articles and show that reports on similar outbreaks in the past strongly proposed similar control measures. This reaffirms the fact that these control measures are in order.
Subsequently, we propose a simple performance statistic that quantifies general performance and performance under the different measures that were initiated. A density based clustering of based on performance statistic was carried out to group countries based on performance.

RESULTS

The performance statistic helps evaluate quantitatively the impact of COVID-19 control measures. Countries tend show variability in performance under different control measures. The performance statistic has negative correlation with cases of death which is a useful characteristics for COVID-19 control measure performance analysis. A web-based time-line visualization that enables comparison of performances and cases across continents and subregions is presented.

CONCLUSIONS

The performance metric is relevant for the analysis of the impact of COVID-19 control measures. This can help caregivers and policymakers identify effective control measures and reduce cases of death due to COVID-19.
The interactive web visualizer provides easily digested and quick feedback to augment decision-making processes in the COVID-19 response measures evaluation.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Applicable
Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Oil Upgrading and Wax Deposition Control: Effect of Calcination Temperature
Authors: Che Mohamed Hussein Siti Nurliyana , Mohamed Fuad Fatin Syahirah , Ismail Marina
Published: June 2020

In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using a sol-gel method for oil upgrading and wax deposition control. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were used to measure viscosity and wax deposition in the heavy crude oil and to investigate the effectiveness of the nanoparticles in the reduction of viscosity and wax deposition control of the heavy crude oil. This study investigated the effect of calcination temperature on ZnO nanoparticles during synthesis towards viscosity reduction and wax deposition control. ZnO nanoparticles were calcined at different temperatures ranging from 300 to 900 °C. The calcined ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron microscope (FESEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for its structure, size, shape, and morphology. The characterization results showed a hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles. The physical properties and rheology of heavy crude oil were characterized by using Electronic Rheometer and cold finger method to analyze the viscosity, shear rate, and wax deposition of the heavy crude oil for performance study. Decreased in crystallite size from 15.59 to 12.84 nm was observed with increasing calcination temperature from 300 to 400 °C, and a further increase of calcination temperature from 400 to 900 °C, the crystallite size increased from 12.84 to 41.58 nm. The degree viscosity reduction (DVR %) of heavy crude oil was observed to increase by 41.7%, with decreasing ZnO nanoparticles size from 30.11 nm to 12.84 nm. The optimum calcination temperature was 400 °C. Wax deposition decreases by 32.40% after the addition of ZnO nanoparticles into heavy crude oil.
Cytotoxic Activity of 2-O-β-glucopyranosil Cucurbitacin D from Benalu Batu (Begonia sp.) Growing in Morowali, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Zubair Muhammad Sulaiman , Alarif Walied Mohamed , Ghandourah Mohamed Ali , Anam Syariful , Jantan Ibrahim
Published: June 2020

Benalu batu (Begonia sp.) had been used traditionally as an anticancer medicinal plant by Wana tribe in Morowali, Central Sulawesi, This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of 2-O-β-glucopyranosil cucurbitacin D, isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Benalu batu (Begonia sp.) and to determine its action on apoptosis induction. Benalu batu (Begonia sp.) herb was extracted by maceration using ethanol 96% as a solvent. Vacuum liquid column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography have been applied on fractionation and isolation of the compound. The structure elucidation was performed by extensive analysis of 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrophotometer (MS). Cytotoxic activity against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human colon colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) cell lines were performed by 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Annexin V-FITC assay was employed to determine the apoptosis induction. 2-O-β-glucopyranosil cucurbitacin D showed potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HCT-116 with the IC50 of 19.913 and 0.002 μg/mL, respectively. Annexin V-FITC assay clearly exhibited the cytotoxic mechanism on MCF-7 and HCT-116 via apoptosis induction with a significant percentage of early and late apoptosis of 75.8 and 78.4%, respectively. This study reveals the potential cytotoxic activity of 2-O-β-glucopyranosil cucurbitacin D isolated from Benalu batu and its mechanism via apoptosis induction.
Study of the Synthesis of Zirconia Powder from Zircon Sand obtained from Zircon Minerals Malaysia by Caustic Fusion Method
Authors: Subuki Istikamah , Mohsin Mimi Fazzlinda , Ismail Muhammad Hussain , Mohamed Fadzil Fazira Suriani
Published: June 2020

The zircon powder from Zircon Minerals Malaysia is a pure premium grade zircon sand milled 1.5 µm that contain ZrSiO4, ZrO2, HfO2, SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, and Fe2O3. The monoclinic zirconia powders were synthesized from the zircon sand of Zircon Minerals Malaysia, by caustic fusion method at calcination temperatures between 500 °C to 800 °C. The as-synthesized zirconia was characterized through X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. The XRD results show two monoclinic phases of microcrystalline zirconia. Zirconia that was calcined at 600 °C obtained the highest value of ZrO2, which was 54.48%; followed by zirconia calcined at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 500 °C, which obtained the ZrO2 values of 53.58%, 52.41%, and 51.53%, respectively, based on the XRF analysis. As-synthesized zirconia showed monoclinic phases where the surface areas were 0.0635 m2/g, 0.135 m2/g, 0.0268 m2/g, and 0.0288 m2/g, for zirconia calcined at temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C, respectively. The surface structure of the powder that had been calcined at 600 C showed similarities with the commercial zirconia. The similarities of the synthesized zirconia and commercial zirconia showed that the zirconia powder could be synthesized using zircon sand by caustic fusion method, even though the content of zirconia was lower compared to that of the commercial zirconia powder.