bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Penetration by Social Media Usage
Authors: Perbawaningsih Yudi
Published: August 2023

Indonesia has a cultural value that women must be married. Therefore, women above 25 years and do not yet show signs for getting married will be the society’s gossip.To overcome the issues, parents usually help find a mate for her daughter, known as “match” or “forced marriages” regardless she is willing or not. On the other hand, women who looking for a mate through a dating agency are also considered as not good. In this condition, social media in Indonesia is very welcomed. The development of interpersonal relationship process becomes easier and faster.

Through conversation analysis the research shows that the social media changes the way we communicate and build interpersonal relation. It also changes the characters and the quality of interpersonal relationships. In the context of intercultural communication,symbols of communication are strongly bound by any culture, rather than inter-cultural relations based on conventional media.
Análisis de episodios y momentos de cambio relacional en terapia de pareja: una propuesta de indicadores genéricos de cambio relacional
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología, Díaz Dosque Carmen Gloria
Published: August 2023

La investigación en Terapia de Pareja se ha centrado en estudios clínicos que permitan medir la eficacia de estas intervenciones, no solo en su objetivo principal, que es la mejoría de la satisfacción de la relación de pareja, sino que también en el tratamiento de diversas problemáticas de salud. A pesar de sus avances en esta área, aún quedan muchas interrogantes, respecto al proceso de cambio que lleva a estos resultados, de allí que surge la necesidad de investigar sobre Episodios y Momentos de Cambio en la relación de pareja. Debido a esto, se desarrolla esta investigación exploratoria descriptiva de casos múltiples de terapia de pareja que caracteriza los contenidos y curso del cambio individual en cada uno de los miembros de la pareja, a través de los Indicadores Genéricos de Cambio, en sesiones de Terapia de Pareja y proponer un listado de Indicadores de Cambio Relacional para Terapia de Pareja a partir de la observación y análisis de cuatro terapias. La metodología del estudio consideró la estructura y secuencia de la Investigación Consensual Cualitativa para el estudio de Casos. Los principales resultados son la distinción entre Momentos de Preparación para el Cambio Relacional y Cambio Relacional, y la necesidad de evaluar metodologías que permitan medir el cambio individual en terapia de pareja. Se concluye, por una parte, que los IGC no es una metodología apropiada para investigar el cambio individual en terapia de pareja, dado lo poco concluyente de los datos, y lo recogido en la literatura que destaca que el cambio debe ser estudiado desde una perspectiva sistémica que considere el contexto relacional en que se realiza la intervención. Finalmente, se presenta una Propuesta de Indicadores Genéricos de Cambio Relacional para Terapia de Pareja.
¿Por qué las mujeres han dejado de participar en el mercado laboral?: una aproximación desde la experiencia femenina en pandemia
Authors:   , Rulli Gómez Valentina Ignacia
Published: August 2023

Las consecuencias que la pandemia de COVID-19 ha traído a la economía nacional se manifiestan en grandes cambios en todos los ámbitos de la vida. Las restricciones sociales y de movilidad han hecho que las organizaciones tengan que transformarse en tiempo récord y que los individuos se deban adaptar rápidamente a una nueva realidad. Históricamente, la sociedad ha asignado roles específicos para los géneros, y es en este sentido que las mujeres suelen ser asociadas a las labores de cuidado y de trabajo doméstico, de este modo, con la pandemia ha ocurrido un fenómeno alarmante: la participación femenina en el mercado laboral nacional ha tenido un retroceso de al menos 10 años: cayendo de un 53% a un 41,2% en relación con su participación en el mercado en solo unos meses. Además, un 88% de las mujeres que se restaron de la oferta laboral femenina en Chile no se han reincorporado, lo que trae consigo implicancias en la empleabilidad y la responsabilidad económica sobre la familia. Es a partir de este contexto que surge el presente estudio, el cual tiene como objetivo explorar en profundidad el fenómeno de la participación femenina en tiempos de pandemia. En concreto, se pretende conocer las experiencias de las mujeres que se han restado de participar en el mercado laboral y que no se han reincorporado al trabajo formal, y así comprender el fenómeno desde el propio discurso de sus protagonistas. Por consiguiente, se llevó a cabo un estudio exploratorio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, aplicando un protocolo de seis entrevistas semi estructuradas a mujeres que participaban, previo a la pandemia, en el sector económico de comercio pero que aún pudiendo trabajar desde el hogar decidieron abandonar la oferta. La investigación se basa en la Grounded Theory o Teoría Fundamentada, utilizando análisis de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva mediante el uso del software Atlas.Ti. Los resultados de este estudio arrojan luces respecto a las razones de la masiva salida de las mujeres del mercado laboral formal, el cual no se debe únicamente a los quehaceres domésticos ni el cuidado de los hijos, sino más bien a la poca flexibilidad de horario y beneficios poco atractivos de la oferta laboral. Se espera que este escrito aporte a la comprensión del fenómeno que se está viviendo acerca de la salida femenina de la fuerza laboral en el mercado de trabajo nacional, así como conocer desde la perspectiva de las propias mujeres las razones de este fenómeno y las dificultades percibidas para su retorno.
Estrategias de screening basadas en espectroscopía Raman para la caracterización de mieles nativas chilenas: estudio de azúcares adulterantes y pesticidas neonicotinoides
Authors:   , Leyton Soto Felipe Arturo
Published: August 2023

Actualmente, la búsqueda de metodologías analíticas rápidas, sencillas y económicas para la determinación de adulteración y presencia de contaminantes en matrices ambientales es fundamental. La espectroscopía Raman surge como una alternativa, ya que proporciona una huella dactilar vibracional única que permite identificar una molécula y además mediante el uso de plataformas SERS mejora la intensidad de señales características de grupos de alta densidad electrónica. En este trabajo, para determinar el contenido de azúcares adulterante en muestras de miel, se adulteraron intencionalmente muestras de miel auténtica en proporciones desde 10 a 90% con soluciones de glucosa, fructosa, sacarosa y un jarabe comercial. De esta forma, a partir de la espectroscopía Raman junto con algoritmos quimiométricos multivariados de tipo PCA, SIMCA y PLSR se determinó la autenticidad de un grupo de muestras de mieles Chilenas, además de poder clasificar y cuantificar a nivel de screening el contenido de adulterante en muestras de miel. Por otro lado, para la determinación de pesticidas se sintetizaron sustratos SERS con nanohojas de plata (AgNS) sobre una superficie de cobre, lo que produjo un fuerte efecto SERS y una intensidad de señal reproducible a partir de la molécula de sonda de azul de metileno en un tiempo de reacción óptimo de 1 min. Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo del plaguicida imidacloprid en solución variando la concentración del plaguicida, obteniendo espectros con señales características y detectando este analito a 0,02 µmol L 1, para luego realizar una extracción de QuEChERS en miel obteniendo un porcentaje de recuperación del 75%, permitiendo establecer una metodología de screening. Además, se llevaron a cabo simulaciones de la teoría funcional de la densidad para de esta forma poder realizar una asignación de los modos vibracionales del imidacloprid.
Nanocomposites based on poly(caprolactone)-chitosan electrospun nanofibers and metallic oxide nanoparticles. Their potential use to adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants
Authors:   , Córdoba Manrique Alexander
Published: August 2023

La contaminación de los cuerpos de agua es uno de los problemas medioambientales más comunes en la actualidad. Los contaminantes orgánicos son uno de los compuestos perjudiciales más importantes, entre los que destacan los colorantes de larga vida, los productos farmacéuticos y los pesticidas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo la obtención de nanocompositos basados en nanofibras (NFs) electrohiladas de policaprolactona-quitosano (PCL-CS) con nanopartículas de TiO2 (TiO2NPs) para la adsorción y degradación fotocatalítica de contaminantes orgánicos, utilizando como modelo la rodamina B. Los materiales híbridos fabricados se caracterizaron por FT-IR, TGA, DSC, SEM, TEM, propiedades de tracción y ángulo de contacto de gotas de agua. La fotoactividad de las NFs se investigó utilizando un sistema tipo “batch” seguida por espectroscopia UV-Vis y microscopia de fluorescencia. Para este propósito, se incorporaron ex-situ las TiO2NPs a la matriz polimérica mostrando buenas propiedades mecánicas y una mayor hidrofilicidad del material. Los resultados mostraron que la presencia de CS en las NFs aumentaba la absorción y degradación de RhB por las TiO2NPs. El CS atrae las moléculas contaminantes a los sitios activos como las TiO2NPs, favoreciendo la adsorción y degradación. En otras palabras, se evidenció un efecto anzuelo-y-destrucción (bait-hook-and-estroy effect). También se demostró que la sensibilización del TiO2 mediante colorantes orgánicos (por ejemplo, un derivado del perileno) mejora considerablemente la actividad fotocatalítica bajo radiación visible, permitiendo el uso de bajas cantidades de TiO2. (≈0,05 g/1 g de fibra). Por lo tanto, se espera que el presente estudio contribuya con una solución alternativa ecológica y respetuosa con el medio ambiente.
Diseño, síntesis racémica, regio- y estereoselectiva de compuestos derivados de 2-(benciloxi)-N,N-dialquil-2-feniletan-1-aminas como posibles inhibidores de transportadores de monoaminas
Authors:   , Rivero Jerez Paula Sofía
Published: August 2023

Las monoaminas biogénicas tales como, serotonina (SER), dopamina (DA) y norepinefrina (NE), transmiten impulsos nerviosos entre neuronas específicas dentro del cerebro. Estos neurotransmisores son liberados por una neurona hacía el espacio sináptico e, inmediatamente, unidos a un receptor de otra neurona vecina, dando origen a la transferencia del impulso nervioso. Una vez que esto ocurre, el complejo neurotransmisor-receptor se disocia y el neurotransmisor es recapturado por la neurona que originalmente lo liberó. Así, SER, DA y NE son recapturados por transportadores que se conocen como transportadores de monoaminas, tales como, transportador de serotonina (SERT), dopamina (DAT), norepinefrina (NET), respectivamente. Como consecuencia, una mala regulación de este sistema es responsable de una serie de síntomas relacionados con desórdenes mentales, tales como, esquizofrenia, ansiedad, adicción, narcolepsia, fatiga, obesidad, desórdenes alimenticios, bipolaridad, desordenes que afectan el ánimo y depresión. La síntesis de compuestos que bloquean los transportadores de monoaminas inhibe la recaptura de SER, DA y NE, aumentando la concentración de éstas en el espacio sináptico. Así, estos bloqueadores son ampliamente usados como mecanismo de acción contra la depresión. Fluoxetina, fármaco comercialmente disponible, es empleado por excelencia para el tratamiento del trastorno depresivo mayor y se conoce como inhibidor selectivo de la recaptación de serotonina (SSRI, por sus siglas en inglés). En ese sentido, el aporte de este proyecto se fundamenta en la síntesis de nuevos análogos de fluoxetina con posible potencial actividad inhibitoria de SERT, NET o DAT. La formación de estos análogos, (R/S)-2-(benciloxi)-N,N-dialquil-2-feniletan-1-aminas, se proponen mediante tres rutas de síntesis que parten de una reacción de apertura de óxido de estireno con alcoholes bencílicos, Ruta A, ruta sintética nueva regio y estereoselectiva y, con aminas secundarias, Ruta B y C, ruta sintética regioselectiva para dar lugar a los productos de interés en su forma enantioméricamente enriquecida y racémica, respectivamente.
Polímeros aromáticos sililados conteniendo unidades donadoras y aceptoras de electrones como materiales con potencial aplicación en dispositivos TADF-OLED
Authors:   , Hauyón Sepúlveda René Alejandro
Published: August 2023

En la búsqueda de nuevos materiales TADF procesables en disolución, los polímeros surgen como un tipo de material idóneo debido a su alta estabilidad térmica y mejoradas propiedades morfológicas frente a las moléculas pequeñas. La incorporación de una unidad TADF basada en una molécula pequeña de eficiencia comprobada en la cadena principal del polímero, unida a un fragmento tetrafenilsilano que interrumpe la conjugación, permitiría la obtención de un material que cumple con las mencionadas características, preservando en gran medida las propiedades fotofísicas de la unidad TADF. En este trabajo, se diseñó y sintetizó un nuevo polímero, p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ, que contiene la unidad TADF (DMAC-TRZ) y la unidad separadora tetrafenilsilano. El polímero fue soluble en disolventes orgánicos como tolueno, 1,4-dioxano, cloroformo, diclorometano y THF. Además, mostró una TDT5% de 481 °C, que es 176 °C mayor que la registrada para DMAC-TRZ y una Tg de 265 °C lo que indica que p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ posee mejores propiedades térmicas que DMAC-TRZ. Además, evidenció una superficie más lisa que la de DMAC-TRZ al ser depositados ambos materiales mediante spin-coating mostrando mejores propiedades morfológicas. En cuanto a las propiedades fotofísicas, p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ mostró un leve corrimiento batocrómico de 8 nm en su emisión en estado sólido, posiblemente causado por los dos grupos fenilo adicionales incorporados por la unidad tetrafenilsilano. El polímero mostró propiedades de emisión TADF, evidenciada a través de decaimientos de TRPL a77 K y 293 K, y decaimientos TRPL de disoluciones del polímero en distintos disolventes en ausencia y presencia de oxígeno. Los resultados permiten concluir que la estrategia de diseño fue adecuada para la obtención de un material que mantuvo gran parte de las propiedades fotofísicas de DMAC-TRZ, mientras que mejoró sus propiedades térmicas y morfológicas, lo que abre un importante campo de investigación en el diseño de nuevos polímeros TADF como materiales emisores de dispositivos TADF-OLED.
Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status among Chronic Kidney Disease Dialysis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sindhura Nagisetty , Naga Sreenivasulu J , Murty MSN
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Nutritional status is compromised in End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. In order to predict the clinical outcomes of these patients, the diagnosis of nutritional status becomes extremely important. However, data related to parameters assessing nutritional status are limited. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of dialysis patients with ESRD at the renal care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at the renal care unit of a tertiary care hospital from January 2016 to July 2016. Fifty individuals were divided into two groups: 30 stable ESRD patients on Haemodialysis (HD) and 20 stable ESRD patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). Data were collected using a questionnaire regarding nutritional assessment, which comprised medical history, food intake history, anthropometry, biochemical investigations, and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Based on the SGA analysis of nutritional status, the patients were divided into Categories A, B, and C. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: A total of 50 subjects were included in the final analysis - 30 patients in the renal dialysis group and 20 patients in the CAPD group. Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly higher in the HD group (21.78±2.86 kg/m2 ) than in the CAPD group (20.87±2.63 kg/m2 ). In the HD group, the majority were in Category B (60%). In the CAPD group, the majority were in Category B (70%). The mean anthropometric measurements were significantly higher in Category A, followed by B and C (p<0.001). There was no significant difference across groups in biochemical parameters, except for serum albumin levels, which were significant. Serum albumin levels were highest in Category A, followed by Category B, and Category C in reverse for S. Prealbumin (mg/dl). Conclusion: There is a significant number of ESRD patients who have malnutrition as an additional burden. These results suggest that low BMI and low calorie intake are harmful to ESRD patients on HD, causing severe malnutrition. Optimal calorie intake could reduce malnutrition in these patients.
Factors Influencing the Prescription of Antibacterial Drugs in COVID-19 Patients: An Antibacterial Surveillance Study
Authors: Somani Roopali Kedar , Soanker Radhika , Subbalaxmi MVS , Durga Padmaja
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The empiric use of antibiotics in Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection is not routinely recommended unless a secondary bacterial infection is suspected or confirmed. However, there have been reports of widespread antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients, despite a low rate of secondary bacterial co-infection. Therefore, this study aims to understand the factors influencing the empirical prescription of antibacterial drugs in Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed COVID-19 patients in Indian settings, as the available data is sparse and conflicting. Aim: To determine the factors associated with antibacterial prescription in patients with proven COVID-19 infection at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: An antibacterial surveillance study was conducted at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The study duration was two months, from September 2020 to October 2020. The study included COVID-19 patients admitted to critical and non-critical COVID-19 Care Units. Patient data, including demographics, general and systemic examination details, biochemistry, pathological and microbiological reports, and treatment details, were collected using a specially designed form. Patients who were prescribed antibacterial drugs (other than repurposed antibacterial drugs for COVID-19 treatment) were considered as cases, while the rest were classified as controls. The Hazard Ratio (HR) for factors associated with antibacterial prescription was estimated using Cox regression analysis with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The study included 200 patients, of whom 45 (22.5%) received antibacterial drugs and were classified as cases, while the remaining 155 (77.5%) received antibacterial drugs and were classified as controls. The median age of cases and controls was 59 and 46 years, respectively. Cox regression analysis showed that procalcitonin >1 ng/mL (HR: 1.074, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.009-1.142, p-value=0.02) and admission to the critical care unit were independent predictors of antibacterial prescription. Additionally, high-dose steroid use (>120 mg/day of Methylprednisolone [MPS]) was associated with a 20% higher risk of antibacterial prescription, although the values were statistically non-significant (HR: 1.203, 95% CI: 0.503-2.879, p=0.678). Conclusion: Admission to critical care units and procalcitonin levels >1 ng/mL were identified as independent predictors of antibacterial prescription in COVID-19 patients. Compliance with hospital-based standard treatment guidelines promotes the rational use of antibacterial drugs.
Impulsivity in Alcohol Dependence among Male Patients in Tamil Nadu: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohaideen Niaz , Pradeep KS Arun Narayan , Saravanan R Arul
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Alcohol is one of the major substances used in our country, affecting people of young age to old age. It has become a significant concern as a public health burden across all of India. Although the consequences of alcohol dependence in terms of impulsivity are widely assessed, the depth of the burden of alcohol dependence changes with respect to place, time, and socio-economic conditions. Aim: To understand the role of impulsivity and Adverse Childhood Events (ACE) in alcohol dependence among male patients. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2020 among 190 male cases of alcohol dependence syndrome based on ICD-10 criteria. These patients visited the outpatient or inpatient psychiatry department at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Potheri, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India. During the first visit, socio-demographic and clinical details were collected, along with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and ACE Questionnaire. During the second visit, the Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Scale and Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ) scales were used. Pearson’s correlation was used for analysis using statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: Out of the 190 patients enrolled in the study, the majority had completed middle school level education (34.2%). Among the alcoholics, 63.7% were married, and approximately 73.2% were from the lower and middle socio-economic class. A family history of alcoholism was found in nearly 78% of the participants. The maximum number of participants had 1-3 months of abstinence. Pearson’s correlation showed a positive correlation between impulsivity and its subscales with alcohol dependence score and ACE (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that both impulsivity and alcohol dependence have a bidirectional relationship. ACE also has a positive relationship with impulsivity and alcohol use.
The Correlation Indicators and Traits of Morpho-economic Characteristics of Foreign and Local Genotypes of Mungbean in the Field Conditions of the Tashkent Region
Authors: A. E. Hakimov , Z. M. Ziyaev , A. B. Elmurodov , DJ. R. Pirnazarov , A. A. Narimanov , J. Shavkiev , D. V. Solieva
Published: August 2023

The article reveals the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of Uzbekistan: the height of the main stem, the distance between the ground and the branch, the number of the bearing yield branches, number of pods per plant, the pod weight, the pod length, number of grains in a pod, one pod in a pod, grain weight and the weight of 1000 grains as well as the results of their correlation analysis.

According to the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of the Tashkent region it was determined that the local varieties Durdona, Baraka, Barkaror, Marzhon, the local line of L-8, L-22, L-88, L-92, and foreign lines AVMU2003, AVMU2004, AVMU1681, AVMU2002 have higher rates compared to other varieties and lines. It has been found that there is a strong positive relationship between the number of grains in a pod and the weight of grains in a pod, as well as the weight of grains in a pod at a weight of 1000 grains.
Connections between Anti-Excedance and Excedance on the \(\Gamma\)1-non Deranged Permutations
Authors: Ibrahim M. , Isah S. H.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we investigated anti-excedance statistics in \(\Gamma\)1-non deranged permutations, the permutation which fixes the first element in the permutations. This was accomplished by employing prime integers p \(\ge\) 5 in various calculations using this approach. The anti-excedance on \(\Gamma\)1- non deranged permutations is redefined in this study. The recursive formula for the anti-excedance number and excedance number is generated, we also show that anti-excedance tops sum for any \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\)-1 \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 is equal to the excedance tops sum of \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\) \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 . Similarly, we observed those anti-excedance bottoms sum for any  \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\)-1 \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 is equal to the excedance bottoms sum of  \(\omega\)\(\mathit{i}\) \(\in\)Gp\(\Gamma\)1 other properties were also observed.
Augmentation of Apis mellifera for Fruit Yield Enhancement in Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew (Kair)
Authors: Bhatnagar Shiwani , Khan Ameen Ullah , Tak Prem Singh , Suman Raj Kumar , Sankhla Mamta , Sharma Neha
Published: August 2023

Capparis decidua (Family: Capparidaceae) is a very nutritious shrub of arid region. Its fruits are utilized in famous Rajasthani Panchkutta and Tricutta vegetable and pickle making. The present paper deals with the effect of augmentation of Apis mellifera beehives on the fruit setting and fruit quality parameters. It was found that the average numbers of fruit setting raceme-1 were found 4.36, 3.77 and 2.2 in natural pollination with augmentation of honey bees, pollination by honey bees only and natural pollination respectively. Germination percentages, total sugar, average fruit weight, shoot length and seedling length was higher in case of natural pollination with augmentation of honey bees among all the treatments.
Standardization of Post-Harvest Management Techniques for Ixora (Ixora spp.)
Authors: R. Reshma , M. Ganga , M. Visalakshi , P. Irene Vethamoni , T. Chitdeshwari
Published: August 2023

The objective of this experiment was to optimize the post-harvest handling techniques for four Ixora genotypes grown for loose flower purpose. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Completely Randomised Design (FCRD) with four genotypes namely viz., Red (Ixora casei-G1), Pink (I. chinensis-G2), Orange (I. coccinea-G3) and Yellow (I. chinensis-G4) and six post-harvest treatments replicated three times. Observations were made on the floral quality criteria as well as the physiological characters linked with flower post-harvest quality. The results revealed that among the genotypes, Red (I. casei-G1) proved superior with respect to quality parameters and physiological parameters followed by Pink (I. chinensis-G2). Among the post-harvest treatments, treating flower buds with 4% boric acid and storage under refrigeration @ 50C recorded superior results for all the quality parameters viz., freshness index, flower opening index, colour retention and shelf life and the physiological parameters viz., moisture content, relative water content and physiological loss in weight.
The Effect of Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in Prayagraj Agro-Climatic Conditions
Authors: Jaiswal Akhand , Joseph Annjoe V. , Topno Samir Ebson , Rawat Rohit
Published: August 2023

The present investigation “The effect of biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in Prayagraj agroclimatic conditions” was undertaken at Central Research Field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj (UP) during 2022-2023. The main objective of the experiment was to find out the effect of various biofertilizers on yield and quality of Cape Gooseberry and to estimate the economics of various treatments. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatment combinations viz, T0 (Control), T1(100% RDF), T2 (100% RDF+ Azotobacter) 10g, T3 (100% RDF + Azospirillium) 10g, T4 (100% RDF + Azotobacter)10g, T5 (75% RDF= Azotobacter) 10g, T6 (75% RDF + Azospirillium) 10g, T7 (75% RDF + Trichoderma) 10g, T8 (75% RDF + Azotobacter + Azospirillium) 10g, T9 (75% RDF + Azotobacter + Azospirillium + Trichoderma) 10g with three replications. From the present investigation treatment T9(75% RDF + Azotobacter + Azospirillium + Trichoderma) 10g performed best in terms of yield parameters, (fruit weight (10.39g), and quality parameters Acidity (0.14%), of Cape Gooseberry. However, the highest B:C ratio was found in Treatment.
Effect of Drip Irrigation and Fertigation Levels on Yield Attributes and Yield of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) during Rabi
Authors: Chitra V. , Revathi P. , Pasha Md. Latheef , Srijaya T. , Yakadri M.
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was carried out at College farm, College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Hyderabad, Telangana during rabi season 2022 to study the effect of drip irrigation and fertigation levels on yield attributes and yield of marigold. The results revealed that the drip irrigation scheduled at 1.2 Epan recorded significantly higher number of flowers per plant (55.3), flower diameter (5.8 cm), flower fresh weight per plant (557.2 g), flower dry weight per plant (101.9 g) and flower yield (12.11 t ha-1) than 1.0 Epan and 0.8 Epan. Whereas among the fertigation levels, 125% recommended dose of NK recorded significantly higher number of flowers per plant (53.7), flower diameter (5.6 cm), flower fresh weight per plant (538.4 g), flower dry weight per plant (92.8 g) and flower yield (11.48 t ha-1) than 100%RDF and 125%RDF.
Effect of Nutrient Menagement on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Alium cepa L.)
Authors: Solanki Hema , Vishwanath  , Diwakar Jyoti , Singh Manvendra
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted on the Horticulture Research Farm of the RBS College, Bichpuri, Agra during the rabi season of 2016-18. In this experiment eight treatments were tested with three replications in randomized block design (RBD). Treatments were (T1) recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T2) 100% RDF + Azotobacter, (T3) 100% RDF + FYM, (T4) 100% RDF + Azotobacter + FYM, (T5) 80% RDF + Azotobacter + FYM, (T6) 80% RDF + FYM, (T7) 80% RDF + Azotobacter and (T8) control. The application of 100%RDF +Azotobacter + FYM (T4) significantly maximum plant height (50.14cm), maximum number of green leaves (8.65), maximum leaf length(45.53cm). maximum fresh weight of top of plant 45.34gm), maximum fresh weight of bulbs (84.32gm), maximum diameter of bulb (6.9cm) and the highest bulb yield of 33.95 t/ha. were recorded from treatment T4 (100%RDF +Azotobacter + FYM)
Evaluation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Organic Condition
Authors: Verma Vishal , Gathiye Gabu Singh , Biswal Manorajan , Kumar Anil
Published: August 2023

Aims: The improvement in crop yield depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability available in breeding material and the extent to which the yield component traits are heritable from generation to generation.

Study Design:  Randomized Block Design.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.) between October 2019 and June 2020.

Methodology: A field experiment was conducted using twenty-two genotypes of chickpea in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications along with plot size of 1.20 x 1 m and the plant geometry was maintained at 10cm X 30cm during Rabi 2019-20. The material was shown on 23rd October, 2019. Observations were recorded on the basis of five random competitive plants selected from each genotype separately for yield and its attributing parameters were evaluated as per standard procedure.

Results: The genotypes were highly significant for all characters expect day to 50% germination, number of primary branches per plant, root fresh weight and root dry weight. High phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) were observed for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant.

Conclusion: Highly significant genetic variability present in the existing material which can be used in breeding programme for crop improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for number of nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield per plant and biological yield per plant, hence, that these traits can be improved through direct selection.
Linear Stability Analysis of a Delay Differential Integral Equation Motivated by Genetic Networks
Authors: Verdugo Anael
Published: August 2023

This work presents a computational study on the linear stability analysis of a genetic network with time delay. The network is modeled as a continuous system and takes the form of a nonlinear delay differential integral equation coupled to an ordinary differential equation. Analysis of the stable equilibria shows the existence of a critical time delay beyond which limit cycle oscillations are born in a Hopf bifurcation. We confirm our results by discretizing the continuous model into an N-dimensional system and showing that the associated critical time delays for the discrete system approach the critical time delay for the continuous system as N becomes large.
Agromorphological Purification of Farmer’s Seeds and Diversity of Corchorus olitorius Linn.
Authors: Akintayo Oluyemi Titilola , Banito Agnassim , Guenou Kossi Tsoekem , Tchalla Pouwéréou , Bammite Damigou , Kangaî Mèhèza , Messigah Koami Samson , Hella Koffi Vincent
Published: August 2023

Corchorus olitorius is commonly cultivated by household women for livelihood in Togo. No database has been found for gene bank tractability in Togo. This study aims to contribute to a better knowledge of diversity in C. olitorius from Togo, thereby developing a database information on this neglected crop. Twenty-seven accessions were collected in the 5 ecological regions in Togo, on which experiments were conducted. First experiment was an accession purification in order to access pure genotypes, second experiment was an Agro-morphological characterization to give an identity to each genotype. RCBD design was considered with 3 replications and repeated in two ecological zones in Togo. The results showed accessions A24, A25 and A26 to be of pure source, other accessions were a mixed of genotypes. Qualitative data identified polymorphic characters among the genotypes, leaf margin was serrate (92.31%) or dentate (7.69%), with a Lanceolate or Ovate leaf shape, and a glossy (53.85%) and matte leaf surface (46.15%). Leaf colour were green (53.85%), dark green (38.46%), and light green (7.69%)); branching habits were either predominantly primary (92.31%) or predominantly secondary (7.69%). Five main clusters were structured from quantitative characters. Cluster II comprises only genotype1, which genetic distance is significantly isolated from other genotypes, this could be a good candidate for genetic improvement with genotypes from other clusters. The abstract should be concise and informative.
Investigating the Attainment Gap in Academic Performance of Minoritised Ethnic Groups for a STEM Related Subject
Authors: Sofroniou Anastasia , Premnath Bhairavi
Published: August 2023

This paper addresses the attainment gap in academic performance for students of Minoritised and non-minoritised ethnicity, studying Discrete Mathematics, an undergraduate university level module, whereby an investigation of the effect of an intervention in one of the assessments is undertaken and statistically analysed. The attainment gap faced by the students of the UK higher education sector is concerning and between students of minoritised ethnic background and their counterparts, there is a sizeable achievement disparity in the education system. These groups' divergent academic performance is referred to as the attainment, and socioeconomic disadvantage, cultural hurdles, and institutional bias have all acted as a setback for the students from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic communities. However, there are obstacles to putting this strategy into practise, such as the need for suitable pedagogical techniques and assistance for students from different ethnic circumstances. Creating inclusive teaching methods in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects that consider the linguistic and cultural diversity of the student is necessary to address these hindrances. Higher educational institutions can contribute to reducing the achievement gap for minoritised ethnic groups and fostering greater equity and social mobility by encouraging the teaching and study of modules in a responsive manner. Continuous analysis and study on the discrepancies faced by the students at their institutions should be performed to reduce this gap whilst promoting diversity. Moreover, a comparison over two academic years relative to the overall academic performance of students, considering the minoritised ethnic cohort, is accomplished so as to measure the approach’s validity. The results from the performance ratio, t-test, hypothesis testing, effect size, chi-squared test, categorical variable analysis and the Cronbach alpha measure, all feed into and confirm the reliability of the study hence validating the positive impact of the intervention.
Glycolytic lactate production supports status epilepticus in experimental animals
Authors: Skwarzynska Daria , Sun Huayu , Kasprzak Izabela , Sharma Supriya , Williamson John , Kapur Jaideep
Published: August 2023

Objective

Status epilepticus (SE) requires rapid intervention to prevent cerebral injury and mortality. The ketogenic diet, which bypasses glycolysis, is a promising remedy for patients with refractory SE. We tested the role of glycolytic lactate production in sustaining SE.

Methods

Extracellular lactate and glucose concentration during a seizure and SE in vivo was measured using lactate and glucose biosensors. A lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, oxamate, blocked pyruvate to lactate conversion during SE. Video‐EEG recordings evaluated seizure duration, severity, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine neuronal loss. Genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP7 was used to study the effect of oxamate on CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) were recorded from CA1 neurons to study oxamate's impact on neurotransmission.

Results

The extracellular glucose concentration dropped rapidly during seizures, and lactate accumulated in the extracellular space. Inhibition of pyruvate to lactate conversion with oxamate terminated SE in mice. There was less neuronal loss in treated compared to control mice. Oxamate perfusion decreased tonic and phasic neuronal activity of GCaMP7‐expressing CA1 pyramidal neurons in vitro. Oxamate application reduced the frequency, but not amplitude of sEPSCs recorded from CA1 neurons, suggesting an effect on the presynaptic glutamatergic neurotransmission.

Interpretation

A single seizure and SE stimulate lactate production. Diminishing pyruvate to lactate conversion with oxamate terminated SE and reduced associated neuronal death. Oxamate reduced neuronal excitability and excitatory neurotransmission at the presynaptic terminal. Glycolytic lactate production sustains SE and is an attractive therapeutic target.
Liquid methadone: Why it's used, and what this means for reform
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2023

Last year, a census of opioid treatment programs (OTPs) conducted by the National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors found that 91% of patients get liquid methadone (see “SAMHSA‐funded OTP census reveals 91% of patients get liquid methadone,” ADAW, Dec. 12, 2022; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adaw.33635). This involves special equipment, but the dose can be precisely calibrated, down to the milligram. With so much methadone reform discussion focusing on office‐based treatment, as well as dispensing by pharmacy, we decided to look more closely at why so many methadone programs use the liquid instead of diskets (which are mixed with juice) or the tablets. Below is what we found.
And we wonder why…Our drug policies will kill more!!
Authors: Kent Rob
Published: August 2023

We live in a country where almost 110,000 individuals die from overdose every year, so I am not surprised by our current situation! Our policies impact our response to overdose and drug use and are at the root of our failures!
The big drug population in the US is now adults ages 35–50
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2023

The Monitoring the Future (MTF) panel study released this month shows that adults ages 35–50 have a big problem with binge drinking and marijuana. This panel study focuses on post–high school participants; the basic MTF survey is of high school students only. So, epidemiologists can now find out about trends as these young people get older. And it is a good thing to know, too, because the most recent survey has found that among adults ages 35–50, there are historic highs for.
Combining Chitosan, Stearic Acid, and (Cu‐, Zn‐) MOFs to Prepare Robust Superhydrophobic Coatings with Biomedical Multifunctionalities
Authors: Zhang Jianwen , Pei Xinyu , Liu Yihan , Ke Xianlan , Peng Ya , Weng Yajun , Zhang Qinyong , Chen Junying
Published: August 2023

There is an urgent need to develop a series of multifunctional materials with good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, hemostatic properties, antiadhesion, and anti‐infection for applications in wound care. However, successfully developing multifunctional materials is challenging. In this study, two superhydrophobic composite coatings with good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, strong antifouling and blood repellency, fast hemostasis, and good antibacterial activity are prepared on cotton fabric surface by simple, green, and low‐cost one‐step dip‐coating technology. The results discussed in the manuscript reveals that the two superhydrophobic composite coatings can maintain good mechanical stability, strong water repellency, and durability under various types of mechanical damage, high‐temperature treatment, and long‐term strong light irradiation. The coatings also exhibit good repellency to various solid pollutants, highly viscous liquid pollutants, and blood. In vitro and in vivo hemostatic experiments show that both composite coatings have good hemostatic and anticlot adhesion properties. More importantly, this superhydrophobic coating prevents bacterial adhesion and growth and released Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions and chitosan to achieve bactericidal properties, thereby protecting injured skin from bacterial infection. The two superhydrophobic coatings enhance the antifouling, antiadhesion, hemostatic, and antibacterial functions of blood‐repellent dressings and therefore have broad application prospects in medical and textile fields.
Dual Key‐Activated Nir‐I/II Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring Photodynamic and Photothermal Synergistic Therapy Efficacy
Authors: Wang Wen‐Xin , Chao Jing‐Jing , Wang Zhi‐Qing , Liu Ting , Mao Guo‐Jiang , Yang Bin , Li Chun‐Yan
Published: August 2023

As cancer markers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and viscosity play an essential role in the development of tumors. Meanwhile, based on the performance of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and the high efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) synergistic therapy, it is urgent to develop a dual‐key (H2O2 and viscosity) activated fluorescence probe for cancer phototherapy. Herein, a NIR‐I/II fluorescence probe named BX‐B is reported. In the presence of both H2O2 and viscosity, the fluorescence signal of NIR‐I (810 nm) and NIR‐II (945 nm) can be released. In the presence of H2O2, the PDT and PTT effects are observed. BX‐B is used to monitor its therapeutic effects in cancer cells and tumor‐bearing mice due to the increased viscosity caused by PDT and PTT. In addition, the tumors of mice treated with BX‐B are almost completely ablated after the laser irradiation based on its PDT and PTT synergistic therapy. This work provides a reliable platform for effective cancer treatment and immediate evaluation of therapeutic effects.
Monodispersed Sub‐1 nm Inorganic Cluster Chains in Polymers for Solid Electrolytes with Enhanced Li‐Ion Transport
Authors: Cheng Yu , Liu Xiaowei , Guo Yaqing , Dong Guangyao , Hu Xinkuan , Zhang Hong , Xiao Xidan , Liu Qin , Xu Lin , Mai Liqiang
Published: August 2023

The organic–inorganic interfaces can enhance Li+ transport in composite solid‐state electrolytes (CSEs) due to the strong interface interactions. However, Li+ non‐conductive areas in CSEs with inert fillers will hinder the construction of efficient Li+ transport channels. Herein, CSEs with fully active Li+ conductive networks are proposed to improve Li+ transport by composing sub‐1 nm inorganic cluster chains and organic polymer chains. The inorganic cluster chains are monodispersed in polymer matrix by a brief mixed‐solvent strategy, their sub‐1 nm diameter and ultrafine dispersion state eliminate Li+ non‐conductive areas in the interior of inert fillers and filler‐agglomeration, respectively, providing rich surface areas for interface interactions. Therefore, the 3D networks connected by the monodispersed cluster chains finally construct homogeneous, large‐scale, continuous Li+ fast transport channels. Furthermore, a conjecture about 1D oriented distribution of organic polymer chains along the inorganic cluster chains is proposed to optimize Li+ pathways. Consequently, the as‐obtained CSEs possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature (0.52 mS cm−1), high Li+ transference number (0.62), and more mobile Li+ (50.7%). The assembled LiFePO4/Li cell delivers excellent stability of 1000 cycles at 0.5 C and 700 cycles at 1 C. This research provides a new strategy for enhancing Li+ transport by efficient interfaces.
Universal Polarization Transformations: Spatial Programming of Polarization Scattering Matrices Using a Deep Learning‐Designed Diffractive Polarization Transformer
Authors: Li Yuhang , Li Jingxi , Zhao Yifan , Gan Tianyi , Hu Jingtian , Jarrahi Mona , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: August 2023

Controlled synthesis of optical fields having nonuniform polarization distributions presents a challenging task. Here, a universal polarization transformer is demonstrated that can synthesize a large set of arbitrarily‐selected, complex‐valued polarization scattering matrices between the polarization states at different positions within its input and output field‐of‐views (FOVs). This framework comprises 2D arrays of linear polarizers positioned between isotropic diffractive layers, each containing tens of thousands of diffractive features with optimizable transmission coefficients. After its deep learning‐based training, this diffractive polarization transformer can successfully implement NiNo = 10 000 different spatially‐encoded polarization scattering matrices with negligible error, where Ni and No represent the number of pixels in the input and output FOVs, respectively. This universal polarization transformation framework is experimentally validated in the terahertz spectrum by fabricating wire‐grid polarizers and integrating them with 3D‐printed diffractive layers to form a physical polarization transformer. Through this set‐up, an all‐optical polarization permutation operation of spatially‐varying polarization fields is demonstrated, and distinct spatially‐encoded polarization scattering matrices are simultaneously implemented between the input and output FOVs of a compact diffractive processor. This framework opens up new avenues for developing novel devices for universal polarization control and may find applications in, e.g., remote sensing, medical imaging, security, material inspection, and machine vision.