bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SELECTED SEED SHELLS
Authors: BAIDYA MOUSHUMI , J. ANBU , AKHTAR SEMIMUL , SARKAR SIPRA , MANDAL SUDIP KUMAR
Published: November 2020

Objective: The study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of polyherbal seed shells.

Methods: The seed of Momordica charantia, Manikara zapota, Emblica officinalis, Syzygium cumini, collected from the local market, Mathikere, Bangalore, India. Ethanolic extract was prepared from the dried seed powders using solvent 80% ethanol. Initially, antimicrobial activity of the extract was performed by agar well diffusion method against two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal pathogens (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans).

Results: The antimicrobial study results revealed that the test extract was strongly inhibited the growth of bacteria, whereas it was not inhibited the growth of fungal organisms used in this study.

Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanolic extract of seeds possess antimicrobial properties which can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases.
“MYCO SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING GLIOCLADIUM ROSEUM (CLONOSTACHYS ROSEA (LINK) SCHROERS, SAMUELS) AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY AGAINST SELECTED PATHOGENS”
Authors: NAIR BHARATH , ABRAHAM DELMY , DINESH AMRITA , SWAMY G. E. MALLIKARJUNA
Published: November 2020

Objective: Antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoparticles from Gliocladium roseum, culture filtrate (C. F.) and mycelial mat extract (M. E.) against selected pathogens.

Methods: Culture filtrate (C. F.) and Mycelial mat extract (M. E.) of Gliocladium roseum were subjected to 10 Mm silver nitrate solution for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Formed silver nanoparticles were evaluated via UV-vis spectroscopy and the structural elucidation was done by FT-IR and TEM. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested against bacterial (Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia) and fungal (Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria alternata) pathogens. Different nanoparticle concentrations-50, 100, 150 and 200 µl were checked via disc diffusion method.

Results: Gliocladium roseum (C. F. and M. E.) on interaction with silver nitrate solution effectively reduced metallic silver exhibiting a colour change from yellow to dark brown within 24 h due to the formation of silver nanoparticles. The UV-vis spectrum of C. F. and M. E. showed maximum absorption peaks at 350-400 nm and 400-450 nm respectively and FT-IR and TEM showed strong N-H bonding and spherical shaped silver nanoparticles with the size of 11-19 nm (C. F.) and 25-38 nm (M. E.). Antimicrobial analysis resulted in efficient inhibitory activity against Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia and also showed moderate inhibitory activity against Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium cladopsorioides.

Conclusion: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from fungus Gliocladium roseum is simple, cheap, safe and eco-friendly thus emphasising on large scale scientific application.
EFFECT OF MYOPIA ON PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Authors: REDDY MENAKURU SREYA , N. DIVYA , VEERAMANI PANIMALAR A. , BHASKARAN BINDU
Published: November 2020

Objective: It is a retrospective study to evaluate the effect of myopia on primary open-angle glaucoma by classifying the eyes into NMG (non-myopic glaucoma), HMG (highly myopic glaucoma) And MMG (mild to moderate myopic glaucoma).

Methods: The study was performed on 120 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma who were medically treated. Any participant who had surgery done was excluded from the study. The relation between glaucoma and different myopia and progression were assessed on the basis of age, gender, risk factors.

Results: Out of the 120 cases assessed, 46 [38 percent] were female and 74 [62 percent] were males. On the basis of age there were 9 cases between 31-40 y, 30 cases between the ages 41-50, 40 cases between 51-60, 32 cases between 61-70 and 9 cases between 71-80, on the basis of myopia 59 [49 percent] were NMG 47 [39 percent] were MMG and 14 [12 percent] were HMG. On the basis of risk factors,12 of them had Diabetes Mellitus, 7 had Hypertension, 7 had a history of steroid use, 3 had a history of migraines and 6 of them had a family history of glaucoma. In the observed one year period 73 percent if the cases were not progressive while 27 percent were progressive. In this study, it has been observed that the males are more commonly affected and the age group with the most cases was the 51 to 60 age group. The majority of the cases showed no risk factors though Diabetes Mellitus is the most common. The progression of the disease is seen more frequently in cases associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. In MMG 12 out of the 47 cases were progressive and in NMG 15 out of the 59 cases were progressive.

Conclusion: Though high myopia is important in the pathogenesis of glaucoma there was no evidence that high myopia increases the progression of the disease of the 14 cases, only 5 were progressive.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К СОЗДАНИЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ИНЖЕНЕРОВ-МЕХАНИКОВ
Authors: Попов А. , Мишурнов А. , Закалин Н.
Published: November 2020

Представлен опыт Омского государственного технического университета по созданию учебно-научно-производственного центра «Современные технологии машиностроения». Описаны необходимые условия подготовки востребованных кадров для современного производства на базе центра. Обобщен 10-летний опыт работы УНПЦ «СТМ».
Perlindungan Hukum Merek Terkenal Terkait dengan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat
Authors: Prasetia A.A. Ngurah Bagus Bayu , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Ujianti Ni Made Puspa Sutari
Published: November 2020

With the current development, there are many well-known brands circulating in the market all over Indonesia, especially the ones that are deliberately counterfeited by business actors violating existing regulations for profit. The circulation of a well-known brand that is widely fabricated has spread to all levels of society. With the existence of various well-known brands, there will be a negative impact, such as the emergence of brand violations which is a form of unfair business competition. This study examines the regulation towards the well-known brands in Indonesia and the legal protection for well-known brands in relation to unfair business competition in Indonesia. To achieve these goals, this study was conducted using normative legal research method. Initially, the regulation of the famous brands is regulated in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Paris Convention) and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement). At this time, Indonesia has made its own regulations regarding Famous Marks and most recently the Regulations regarding famous marks are regulated in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. Preventive legal protection aims to provide a legal umbrella for entrepreneurs who have well-known brands to anticipate violations. Repressive legal protection provides the final legal umbrella for imposing sanctions on business actors who deliberately copy the famous brands that have been registered in Indonesia. Civil and criminal remedies are given when a dispute has occurred or a violation has been committed. The government should conduct socialization regarding the forms of violations. Entrepreneurs should be more creative and advertise their own brands more so that people can get clear information about well-known brands, both genuine and the counterfeited.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Konsumen yang Mengkonsumsi Daging Ayam Tidak Layak Jual di Pasar Badung – Bali
Authors: Tunggu Adinikum Keba , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Karma Ni Made Sukariyati
Published: November 2020

Consumer protection is a legal instrument created to protect and fulfill the rights of consumers according to the correct procedures. However according to existing problems in the field resulting in losses for consumers. In this case business actors often commit fraud in order to obtain maximum profit or actions taken by business actors it is only in their interests to enrich themselves even though such actions are clearly violated by legislators. In law number 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection in article 1 paragraph 2 consumers are every person using goods and / or services available in the community both for self family other people and other living things and not for trade. This study aims to find out 1. How is the legal protection for consumers who consume chicken meat not worth selling at Badung Market. 2. What is the effort made by the Food and Drug Supervisor (BPOM) when the sale of chicken meat is not suitable for consumption? To answer the above researchers then use Empirical Method by collecting interview data then it is processed and analyzed into works of faith. And researchers identify legal issues and answer. Other legal symptoms in the literature.
Efektifitas Sanksi Pidana terhadap Pengasuh Anak karena Kelalaiannya Mengakibatkan Kematian di Taman Penitipan Anak Denpasar
Authors: Pratiwi Gusti Ayu Putri , Sepud I Made , Sudibya Diah Gayatri
Published: November 2020

The rapid development of science and technology has led to many cases of criminal acts against children in the field of educational services. There are various kinds of crimes against human rights violations in the field of child protection, one of which is negligence in caring for and educating children. This study aims to determine the factors that cause death in foster children in TPA Princess House Childcare and to determine the effectiveness of criminal sanctions against child caregivers who due to their negligence cause death in children. The research method uses empirical research type. The statutory approach is to examine all laws and regulations related to the legal issue being researched, and to use a case approach. Sources of data obtained through informants with direct field interviews are then processed and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that negligence that resulted in death could occur through two factors, namely external factors and internal factors. Regarding the sanctions against the perpetrator who resulted in the loss of a child's life, it is felt that it has been effective and implemented in accordance with the provisions as stipulated in Article 76B in conjunction with Article 77B of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2014, imprisoned for 3 (three) years and a fine as much as RP. 50,000,000,-
Anak Sebagai Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Menurut Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2014
Authors: Sukawantara Gede Agus , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Children are a mandate and a gift from God Almighty. Dignity as a human being is also inherent in them. Children are the potential successor and young generation who carry forward the ideals of the nation's struggle. They have a strategic role and special characteristics that ensure the continuity of the nation and state in the future. In order for each child to be able to bear this responsibility in the future, she/he needs to have the widest possible opportunity to grow and develop optimally, physically, mentally, socially, and nobly. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to protect the welfare of children by providing guarantees for the fulfillment of their rights as well as treatment without discrimination. This research was conducted with the aim of describing how the legal protection of children as victims of trafficking in persons based on Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection and how the sanctions against the perpetrators of child trafficking. The research method used in this research was normative legal research. The results of this study indicated that legal protection for children as victims of trafficking in persons based on Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection includes the protection of dignity, as well as recognition of human rights possessed by children based on legal provisions of abuse. In addition, the sanctions against the perpetrators of child trafficking are regulated in Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Trafficking in Persons.
Kedudukan Anak Sebagai Ahli Waris yang Beralih–Alih Agama Menurut Hukum Waris Adat Bali
Authors: Nugraha Gede Cahaya Putra , Suwitra I Made , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: November 2020

The freedom of religion guaranteed by the State can lead to the possibility of a person converting or changing religions from one religion to another. According to Balinese traditional inheritance law, changing religions can affect a child as an heir. Based on this background, this research was conducted with the aims of describing the position of a child as heir who changed religion from Hinduism and outlining the legal consequences for a child as the heir who converted and then returned to Hinduism. The research method used was a normative research method with a statutory approach that used primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials which were supported by the results of interviews and then analyzed. The results showed that the rank of children as heirs who converted from Hinduism legally no longer had rights and obligations towards their parents, relatives and society. Meanwhile, the legal consequence for children as heirs who change religions is the loss of the child's rights because they are unable to carry all the obligations that will be passed on by their parents and are considered disobedient to their parents and ancestors. However, with the return of the child to Hinduism, all rights and obligations that were previously abandoned can be accepted back with certain conditions agreed upon by the family concerned.
Akibat Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Perjudian Balap Liar di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Asiawan Gede Indra Yasa , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Every citizen has different characteristics and desires every day including Indonesian citizens from young people to old ones have varied ambitions in life and action. The behavior of each individual in order to achieve various goals, either hobbies or ways of living life which is also limited by government regulations that require a person to obey the current positive laws. This research discusses how the regulation of gambling of illegal racing in Denpasar City and how the effect of consequences of gambling of illegal racing in Denpasar City. The method used in this research is a type of normative legal research which is carried out by the method of recording and reviewing legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of criminal acts committed by adolescents in illegal racing has not been regulated in certain regulations, but the acts committed by these teenagers have violated the provision of Law No. 22 of 2009, while the final result of the sanctions imposed by the police on gambling of illegal racing is not very effective, because the sanctions are only in the form of warnings and then called by their respective parents, if they are caught doing it again or someone is still doing it and gets the same act then their vehicle is ticketed or detained. As for preventive legal protection regarding prevention, it has been carried out not only from the police, but from the community, village heads or village officials and especially parents whose children are involved in this group, who contribute more in overcoming and preventing future actions that breaks the law.
Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2011 Tentang Badan Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial pada PT. Horiko Abadi Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Geovani Gede Oscar , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Wesna Putu Ayu Sriasih
Published: November 2020

Social security provides protection for workers in the socio-economic risks that befall workers in carrying out their work in the form of work accidents, illness, old age, or death. This thesis discusses the implementation of Law Number 24 of 2011 concerning the Social Security Administration at PT. Horiko Abadi, Buleleng Regency. Based on the description above, this study aims to determine the application of Law Number 24 of 2011 concerning the Social Security Administration at PT. Horiko Abadi, Buleleng Regency 2 legal sanctions against the company in the event of a violation of the provisions of the social security program. The research method used is the empirical juridical method. The location of this research was conducted at PT. Horiko Abadi, Buleleng Regency, a company engaged in the breeding of shellfish and pearl cultivation. Based on the research results, PT. Horiko Abadi has implemented social security protection for all permanent employees in the company in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 24 of 2011 concerning Social Security Administering Bodies, and sanctions for companies that have not implemented the provisions of Law Number 24 of 2011 Regarding the Social Security Administering Body, it is still in the guidance or warning stage until the company concerned can carry out the provisions of the legislation.
Penggunaan Materai yang Di Scan pada Surat Kuasa di Bawah Tangan dalam suatu Perjanjian
Authors: Pratiwi Fika , Sukadana I Ketut , Seputra I Putu Gede
Published: November 2020

The use of stamp duty is very important for the completeness of a document where the stamp implicitly shows that the document owner has paid stamp duty tax to the state. However, now a document can be sent via various media such as email by scanning a document. Based on this background, this research was conducted with the aim of describing the regulation of a power of attorney under hand and an agreement letter according to the Civil Code and how the validity of the power of attorney under hand with a scanned stamp which then sent via email is. The research method used is normative legal research. The results of this study indicated that the arrangement of power of attorney under hand and an agreement letter according to the Civil Code has been regulated in Article 1792 to Article 1819 of the Civil Code. The power of attorney, of course, is also based on the agreement of the two parties as it has met the requirements according to the Civil Code in Article 1320 concerning the Terms of Legality of the Agreement. In addition, the power of attorney under hand using a scanned stamp sent via email can be said to be legal according to law because there is a stamp duty in a document as stated in Article 1 Paragraph 6-7 of Government Regulation Number 82 of 2012 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions.
Penculikan Anak oleh Orang Tua (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Gianyar)
Authors: Raharja I Komang Oka , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Every neglected children must be given protection from institutions or laws which aims at protecting their rights. Children have often been victims of crimes, one of which is kidnapping. Regarding the kidnapping of children, Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection stipulates that the incidents of kidnapping and neglected children by parents can cause physical and psychological harms to those neglected children and the unfulfillment of their rights. Therefore, it is necessary to impose criminal sanctions on parents or other people who neglect children. Grounded by this, the problems examined in the present research are: How is the legal protection for children from kidnapping by parents regulated? What are the legal sanctions against parents who commit kidnapping over their children? The research method used in this research is normative juridical, with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data were analysed using a qualitative-normative method. Based on the results of data analysis, the regulation of legal protection for children from kidnapping committed by parents is that every parent shall ensure the fulfillment of children’s rights so that they can live, grow and develop and participate optimally in accordance with human dignity, so that they receive protection from violence and discrimination for the sake of the realisation of Indonesian children who are qualified, noble and prosperous. The legal sanctions against parents kidnapping their children are regulated in Article 330 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code jo. Article 55 paragraph (1) to 1 KUHP with due observance of Article 330 paragraph (2) KUHP jo. Article 55 paragraph (1) to 1 of the Criminal Code and Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law and applicable laws and regulations.
Peran Anggota Kepolisian Dalmas Polda Bali dalam Penegakan Hukum terhadap Penanganan Unjuk Rasa Tolak Reklamasi Teluk Benoa
Authors: Putra I Kadek Windi Pranata , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Sugiartha I Nyoman Gede
Published: November 2020

Every citizen has the right to express an opinion in accordance with Law Number 9 of 1998 concerning Freedom of Expressing Opinions in Public. Freedom of opinion is generally carried out by demonstrations. The recent demonstration in Bali is a demonstration against the reclamation of Benoa Bay. This is of particular concern to members of the Bali Police Dalmas as the main party in the handling of this demonstration. In handling it, the Bali Police Dalmas is guided to enforce the law against each of these demonstrations. Based on this background, this research was conducted with the aim of describing how the role of members of the Bali Police Dalmas police in law enforcement against the Benoa Bay protest against the Benoa Bay reclamation and what factors hindered the implementation of handling the Benoa Bay reclamation protest action by members of the Bali Police Dalmas. This study used an empirical legal research method. The results of this study indicated that the role of the Bali Police Dalmas in enforcing the law against the protest against Benoa Bay reclamation was carried out based on pre-emptive, preventive, and repressive actions based on statutory regulations and the police chief regulations regarding the handling of demonstrations. In addition, the factors that hindered the implementation of the protest against the reclamation of Benoa Bay by members of the Bali Police Dalmas include internal and external factors. the internal factor is factor of Dalmas members themselves, both from a mental perspective, professionalism, and knowledge about how to handle protests. Meanwhile, the external factor is generally the mass of protesters who do not understand the provisions that apply to the implementation of a demonstration.
Eutanasia dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia
Authors: Hartawan I Gusti Agung Gede Utara , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Sutama I Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Euthanasia legislation has been approved and enforced in European countries such as the Netherlands. This provides a way for the patient's family with an incurable disease to end the patient's life in order to end the patient's suffering. In Indonesia, currently there are no legal norms that regulate euthanasia. This study aims to analyze euthanasia from a human rights perspective and to know euthanasia from a positive legal perspective in Indonesia. Research is included as normative research with a conceptual approach and statutory regulations. The results of this study indicate that euthanasia is contrary to article 28A, article 28G paragraph (2), and article 28I paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and articles 338, 340, 344, 345 of the Criminal Code. In the event that there is a request for euthanasia from the patient or the patient's family, the doctor must reject the request and the decision to implement euthanasia should wait for a court decision
Sanksi Pidana bagi Pelaku Penyelundupan Imigran Gelap
Authors: Bramandhita Anak Agung Ngurah Alit , Arthanaya I Wayan , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: November 2020

The smuggling of illegal immigrants in Indonesia is an old problem, compounded by the situation in which people smuggling is carried out by Indonesian citizens themselves. The weak law regarding smuggling of illegal immigrants owned by Indonesia has made Indonesia no longer a transit country, but has become a smuggling destination country. Illegal immigrant smuggling can be defined as an activity that has the aim of making a profit, by bringing illegal foreigners to enter Indonesian territory. This study aims to determine the application of the illegal immigrant smuggling crime in Indonesia and to know the criminal sanctions against the illegal immigrant smugglers. This type of research used in this research is normative legal research using the literature review method in finding legal material. The data sources are Primary Legal Materials, which are binding legal materials, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the RKUHP in Chapter XXII of human smuggling, the Law concerning. The data was collected by means of a documentation study which was carried out by reading and recording the explanatory information obtained. The materials that have been collected are then processed using the inductive deductive method or vice versa, in order to obtain quality legal materials in accordance with the subject matter discussed which in the end the processing will be presented descriptively. The results show that the illegal immigrant smuggling crime is regulated in Article 120 of Law Number 6 of 2011. Then, the perpetrator of the illegal immigrant smuggling crime will be imprisoned for a minimum of 5 (five) years and a maximum of 15 (fifteen) years with a minimum fine of five hundred million rupiah and a maximum of one billion five hundred million rupiah.
Sanksi Pidana Penyalahgunaan Pengangkutan Bahan Bakar Bersubsidi
Authors: Buwana I Dewa Gede Sastra , Rideng I Wayan , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: November 2020

Oil and gas is a natural resource controlled by the state and is a source of vital commodities that play an important role in every human activity. The misuse of the transportation and trade of fuel subsidized by the government by certain individuals can take away the rights of the less fortunate and result in losses to the state. This research explains how to arrange the transportation or commercialization of subsidized fuel and to find out the criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel. The research method used is Normative Law research. The statutory approach to the problem is to analyze from the point of view of statutory regulations and relevant theories. Sources of legal materials in this study are primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is obtained from legal literature materials by collecting, reading and recording legal materials related to the crime of misuse of subsidized fuels. The results of this study are first, the regulation of legal protection and supervision has been regulated in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas. Second, legal sanctions against perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel: case at the Gianyar District Court (PN) case number 153 / Pid.Sus / 2017 / PN. Gin is cumulative in nature, as regulated in Article 55 of the Republic of Indonesia Law No. 22 of 2001, namely given a verdict in the form of a prison sentence of 10 (ten) months and a fine of 2 million rupiahs provided that if the fine is not paid, it is replaced by imprisonment for 2 (two) month
Gugatan Ganti Kerugian dalam Kasus Pencemaran Nama Baik menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Authors: Heriyana I Made , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung , Ujianti Ni Made Puspasutari
Published: November 2020

Legal protection against defamation victims in the national legal system has not obtained adequate protection. Whereas in the concept of legal state as a form of protection against victims of crime must obtain a large portion as a state of protection against the community. Based on the background of the problem described above. It can be formulated with the following problems 1) How is the indemnity claim made by criminal defamation? 2) How is the process of indemnity against defamation victims? Referring to the formulation of the problem then the type of research used in the writing is normative research. Methods used in the processing of legal materials namely the method of analysis of analytical decsriptive data. The reimbursement of damages incurred upon the name of the defamation is set out in the Civil Code of article 1372-1380 as a form of unlawful deed as stipulated in article 1365 of the Civil Code. There is a date of tax assessment to file a lawsuit for an insult i.e. a lawsuit must be filed within one year from the day of the deed and the perpetration of the act/insult by the plaintiff. Damages are intended to restore the condition of the victim so that it is in or back to such circumstances if there is no insult in other words intended to replace the lost or reduced victim of insult.
Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Pidana terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencurian dengan Pemberatan yang Dilakukan oleh Anak
Authors: Manuaba Ida Bagus Agung Pariama , Sujana I Nyoman , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: November 2020

Judge's considerations are matters which are the basis or are considered by the judge in deciding a crime case. Crime Theft is an act that is classified as a general crime in which a crime against the property of another person. Theft with weighting is a criminal act of theft which in its implementation is accompanied by certain elements so that it is more severe and threatened with higher penalties. Child is a person who is not yet eighteen (18) years old, including those who are still in the womb. In settling a child case, the judge must consider the report in the trial regarding the child concerned. This study aims to determine the criminal considerations and sanctions imposed by the judge on criminal theft with weighting carried out by children. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and case approach. The legal materials studied are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate the judge's judgment in imposing a crime against a child who commits a crime of theft by weighting it based on the elements of the crime committed as well as things that alleviate and incriminate the crime against the child. Criminal sanctions imposed by a judge against a child who commits an act of theft by weighting based on the Court's Decision and the provisions of Article 363 paragraph (1) of the 4th KtoP Jungto Article 65 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and other laws relating to the case state that the child is proven legally and convincingly guilty as well as convicting a child of seven months in prison.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Karya Cipta Fotografi
Authors: Wisesa I Kadek Candra , Arini Desak Gde Dwi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

The richness in the diversity of arts and cultures can be found in the Republic of Indonesia. Intellectual property rights obtain protection as stipulated in legislation, including Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The advancement in technology and the increasingly developing world of digital photography by means of digital cameras raises the legal issues of copyright in photographic works. The main issues examined in this paper are: the forms of legal protection of the rights of the creators of photographic works and the resolution of disputes of photographic works that are used without permission. The method used to examine this issue is the normative legal research method with a legislative approach. Copyright Protection of photographic works may be done in two ways, namely preventive in which legal protection given to the creator of photography which the creator shall done by registering the copyright, and repressive protection realised by filing a lawsuit in court if there is a violation of copyright in the photographic work. All rights reserved must always be appreciated by not committing violating actions which are arbitrarily committed especially if it relates to providing benefits for violators.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pengusaha Sewa Menyewa Kendaraan Bermotor yang Dirugikan oleh Konsumen pada Perusahaan Paulus Rental Bike Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Anjaraka Philipus Dian , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

The development of the motor vehicle industry sector is currently growing rapidly both domestically and imported from abroad so that in this business such as manufacturers, dealers and traders of vehicles competing with each other to provide facilities to consumers in order to increase turnover trading. In this research, it discusses efforts to resolve disputes between business owners who are harmed by consumers in the non-litigation process, and analyzes the obstacles that occur in the resolution of such disputes. The method used in this study is the empirical research method. The data used are primary and secondary data. The results showed that efforts to resolve disputes between business owners, especially motor vehicle leasing when harmed by consumers, were carried out by non-litigation, namely by using an alternative dispute resolution outside the court with mediation and negotiation mechanisms to the tenants who had apologized by returning the money agreed by both parties. In addition, the inhibiting factor in efforts to resolve disputes between business owners who are disadvantaged by consumers in the dispute resolution process is the rule of law factor. In this case because the loss is classified in the civil realm, it requires time to prove the loss that must get legality from the court. Not only the rule of law, but also law enforcement factors that process cases for so long and slow respond.
Mekanisme Pembubaran Partai Politik di Indonesia
Authors: Limbong Ramot H.P , Suryawan I Gusti Bagus , Sutama I Nyoman
Published: November 2020

Political parties as legal entities may be subject to criminal liability as they are seen from the characteristic of political parties in accordance with the characteristics of the legal entity. The dissolution of political parties becomes one of the legal issues governed by Indonesian legislation. The problem of this research is: 1) how is the Constitutional Court Authority in the dissolution of political parties in Indonesia? 2) How is the mechanism of dissolution of political parties? The type of research and approach problems used is normative legal research and statutory approaches. The source of the legal material used is the primary source of legal material and the source of secondary legal material. The technique of collecting legal materials is the technique of library study. The collected legal materials are processed and analyzed using legal arguments. The result of this research is the procedure of the dissolution of political parties in the Constitutional Court as follows: Application submission, application registration and trial schedule, preliminary examination, trial examination, meeting Judge, the verdict of the Constitutional Court. The result of the dissolution of political parties may result in external rights and obligations, due to elected positions, due to the status of managers and members and the consequences of internal rights and obligations.
Pemberian Izin Peredaran Minuman Beralkohol Berdasarkan Peraturan Gubernur Bali Nomor 1 Tahun 2020
Authors: Bramanta I Nyoman Sadhu , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

There are various kinds of businesses or activities in the field of trade, one of which is a trade or distribution of alcoholic drinks. Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 / M-DAG / PER / 4/2014 Article 18 Paragraph (1) that every company that trades alcoholic drinks is required to have SIUP-MB. Alcoholic drinks can only be traded by companies that already have a business license for alcoholic drinks in accordance with their classification. This research is important to be carried out with the aim to find out the mechanism for granting alcoholic beverage distribution license based on Bali Governor's Regulation No. 1 of 2020 and the implications of Bali's Governor's Regulation No. 1 of 2020 to alcoholic beverage trade businesses. This research is a normative legal research, namely by using the statutory approach. The mechanism for granting licenses for the distribution of alcoholic drinks based on Bali Governor Regulation No. 1 of 2020 is that business operators must follow procedures and fulfill certain requirements in applying for SIUP-MB, then submit a permit application to the Provincial Trade and Industry Office, after the issuance of a business by the Trade and Industry Office , then the business actor can carry out the desired trading business. Implications of Bali Governor Regulation Number 1 of 2020 Regarding the management of fermented drinks and/or distinctive distinctive Bali for the business of the alcoholic beverage trade, the benefits are felt, the crafters or farmers of fermented drinks and/or distinctive distinctive Bali have legal certainty and certainty of trying to do fermented and distillation drinks production activities typical of Bali.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak dalam Terjadinya Perceraian
Authors: Wiradharma Gede Andi , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: November 2020

Marriage is a thing that unites two individuals into one through a religious and legal ceremony. After the wedding ceremony takes place, the two individuals are married-couple. In undergoing marriage, a lot of things must be passed, so the husband and wife will have differences of opinion. The differences of opinion sometimes cause husband and wife to experience conflict which will usually lead to a fight that often ends to divorce. This research was conducted with the aim of describing how the regulation of child custody rights according to the law in Indonesia and how the legal protection of children's rights due to divorce. This research was designed using a normative legal research method. The results of this study showed that the regulation of child custody according to the law in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection and also mentions children's rights and obligations. In this law, child protection takes precedence. In addition, legal protection for children's rights due to divorce is also guaranteed where children are still entitled to receive rights from their parents such as getting an education, a decent place to live, feel secure, and get health insurance.
Pengaruh Sistem Kartel terhadap Stabilitas Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia
Authors: Putra I Putu Ari Santika , Wati Ni Luh Made Mahendra , Sutama I Nyoman
Published: November 2020

A cartel is an agreement made by a business actor with its competitors to gain excessive profits, which is stated in article 11 of Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning anti-monopoly and unfair business competition in Indonesia, the influence of cartels in business competition can cause unfair competition, damage market stability, and shut down competition in a particular market. The objectives presented in this study are to determine the forms of cartels that usually occur in limiting unfair business competition in Indonesia, and to determine the factors used by KPPU in identifying early indicators of cartel systems. This study uses a normative legal method with rationality which examines the influence of the cartel system on the stability of business competition in Indonesia, which appears to have experienced norm blur. The data source used in solving problems is the statutory approach. Literatures, journals and various related documents. The results of the discussion show that cartels have several types, namely regional cartels, production, prices, conditions, profit sharing, the influence of the cartel system in business competition which has a negative impact which causes unfair business competition, as well as harms various parties ranging from business actors, consumers, to the government. Then, in identifying the occurrence of cartels, there are several factors used by KPPU, namely structural factors consisting of the level of market concentration, number of companies, company size, homogeneity of goods or services, multi-market contacts, supply and production capacity, ownership linkages, ease of entry. specific market share, the character of demand. The next factor is the behavioral factor which is divided into two parts, starting from transparency and information exchange.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak sebagai Pelaku Pelecehan Seksual Menurut UU No. 35 Tahun 2014
Authors: Nellyda Desi , Sujana I Nyoman , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

This thesis is titled “Legal Protection Toward Child As Offenders Of Sexual Harassment, According Indonesian Law No. 35 Year 2014”. The writing uses normative research method, by using statue approach and conceptual approach. The problem formulations are: (1) The shape of legal protection toward child as offenders of sexual harassment ; (2) The imposition of criminal sanctions against ch ild who commit sexual abuse. By reviewing the law research done by using the proposed studi above, it can be concluded that the first problem formulation related to the shape of legal protection toward child as offenders of sexual harassment according Indonesian Law No. 35 Year 2014 about the change of the Law No. 23 Year 2002 about Child Protection, the child has a right to accompanied by advocate during the process of investigation. Meanwhile, the second formulation will discuss the imposition of criminal sanctions against child who commit sexual abuse which have been regulated at the Article 82 Indonesian Law No. 35 Year 2014 about the change of the Law No. 23 Year 2002 about Child Protection. Depend on the Article 82 the offenders can be sentenced to prison the shortest 5 (five) years and the longest 15 (fifteen) years and a maximum fine of Rp. 5.000.000.000,00 (five billion dollars).
Community satisfaction, sense of community, and social well-being in China
Authors: Chen Zhixia , Liu Shuo , Yu Yanghang , Bwanali Thomson Raphael , Douangdara Veomanyphet
Published: November 2020

Social well-being in communities has received little research attention, particularly regarding the impact of community satisfaction on social well-being. Thus, we examined the link between community satisfaction and social well-being in the Chinese cultural context, and investigated
whether sense of community mediates this relationship. We collected survey data from 572 residents living in various communities in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and used regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Results reveal that community satisfaction was positively related to social
well-being, and sense of community played a mediating role in this relationship. Our findings provide a culture- and location-specific perspective of community satisfaction and social well-being in China and highlight the importance of social well-being in community studies.
The inverted U-shaped relationship between authentic leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior
Authors: Niu Chenchen , Liang Fu , Meng Xiangxiang , Liu Yao Ocean
Published: November 2020

We conducted a survey to examine the influence of authentic leadership on employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior, basing our research on the theory of organizational identification. Participants were 229 employees of four firms in China. The results show that authentic leadership
and employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior had an inverted U-shaped relationship, and that the relationship was mediated by organizational identification. Additionally, moral identity moderated the relationship between authentic leadership and employees' unethical pro-organizational
behavior. The research results provide suggestions for reducing employees' pro-organizational unethical behavior by changing the leadership style supervisors use, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the company.
Научно-инновационный комплекс как один из базовых факторов трансформации каркаса расселения на примере СТП Свердловской области. Предпосылки включения научно-инновационного комплекса в базовые факторы трансформации региональной системы расселения
Authors: Kuleshova Galina
Published: November 2020

Вызовы, вставшие перед страной в связи с переходом экономики страны на инновационный путь, выводят на новый уровень градоформирующую роль научно-инновационного комплекса страны.

Системы расселения регионов РФ вкупе с террито­риальной структурой экономики формировались пре­имущественно на индустриальном этапе развития страны в тесном взаимодействии с производством. При переходе к рыночным принципам организации хозяйства структура экономики регионов, в значительной мере разрушенная в 90-е годы прошлого века, претерпела существенные измене­ния, что обусловило высокую степень пространственной не­однородности экономического роста в регионах, изменение демографической ситуации в муниципальных образованиях, стало причиной деградации части внутрирегиональных систем расселения. Инновационный путь развития меняет роль различных типов поселений в экономике, предъяв­ляя новые требования и к качеству жизни на территории, и к качеству трудовых ресурсов на местном рынке труда. Трансформация экономики, ориентированной на модерниза­цию и инновационный путь развития, должна осуществлять­ся с учётом обеспечения условий для диффузии инноваций на пространственном уровне. Вопросы интенсификации инновационной деятельности приобретают важное значение для повышения качества устойчивого развития как в целом Свердловской области, так и её промышленно-производ­ственного каркаса. Основным драйвером преобразований является научно-инновационный комплекс региона, а местом активизации - территории его преимущественного размещения и развития[1].

 

[1]     Настоящая статья написана на основе раздела «Научно-инновационный комплекс Свердловской области» НИР «Внесение изменений в схему террито­риального планирования Свердловской области» (ОАО «ГИПРОГОР», Москва, 2020 год. Заказчик: Министерство строительства и развития инфраструктуры Свердловской области, госконтракт № ОКЭФ-2019-07 от 28.10.2019).
Directors’ remuneration, corporate governance and firm performance linkages: Evidence from the emerging country
Authors: Soni Tarun Kumar , Singh Amrinder
Published: November 2020

The study examines the trends and patterns in remuneration of directors working for the largest 30 listed companies in India over the past 18 years, i.e., from 2002 to 2019. It tries to establish short-term and long-run relationships between the director’s remuneration and firm performance after controlling for the firm’s size, governance, leverage, and risk for the sample companies. The study found a significant increase in remuneration for the period of study, especially after the new guidelines on executive remuneration in the Indian Companies Act, 2013. It also confirms a change in the composition of the remuneration in the last five years wherein the proportion of fixed component (salary) has increased, and the component of variable components (bonus/commission, perquisites) have declined. Results also confirm a short-term bi-directional association between directors’ remuneration and firm performance variables. Further, the outcomes of the panel least square regression confirm the subsistence of a strong pay-performance association for the variable components of directors’ remuneration. Furthermore, the paper also found a positive relationship with board size indicating larger boards fail to exercise control on paying excessive remuneration to its directors. The positive relationship reported among directors’ remuneration and firm performance measures is partially in line with past studies (Chakrabarti, Subramanian, Yadav, & Yadav, 2012; Ghosh, 2006; Ozkan, 2011). However, our results contradict the existing relationship with board size and directors’ remuneration highlighting the need to strengthen governance mechanism in the Indian scenario.