bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender stereotypes in Lola Shoneyin’s the secret lives of baba Segi’s wives
Authors: Bukola Jane David  , David Opeyemi Adebayo  , Monday Florence Anabel  , Zariat Yetunde Ayoade  , Obianwa Faith Ogechi  , Dike Ndidi Pauline  , Olanase Sarah Oluwadamilola  , Akabuogu Elochukwu Lynda
Published: July 2024

This research focuses on gender stereotypes in selected African literary text. The way in which some African writers view gender inequalities and stereotypes in their characters is explored. We will also be able to see who is involved and affected by these gender inequalities and how. What determines beliefs about the ability and appropriate role of women? An overwhelming majority of men and women born early in the 20th century thought women should not work; a majority now believes that work is appropriate for both genders. Betty Friedan (1963) postulated that beliefs about gender were formed by consumer goods producers, but a simple model suggests that such firms would only have the incentive to supply error, when mass persuasion is cheap, when their products complement women’s time in the household, and when individual producers have significant market power (1). Such conditions seem unlikely to be universal, or even common, but gender stereotypes have a long history. To explain that history, we turn to a second model where parents perpetuate beliefs out of a desire to encourage the production of grandchildren. Undersupply of female education will encourage daughters’ fertility, directly by reducing the opportunity cost of their time and indirectly by leading daughters to believe that they are less capable. Children will be particularly susceptible to persuasion if they overestimate their parents’ altruism toward themselves. The supply of persuasion will diminish if women work before childbearing, which may explain why gender-related beliefs changed radically among generations born in the 1940s.
Os Jogos no Processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem de Frações
Authors: Batista Jefferson de Melo , Miranda Paula Reis de
Published: July 2024

As metodologias de ensino que têm como base a utilização de jogos podem permitir um ensino mais abrangente, participativo e envolvente e, com isso, acredita-se que esse recurso didático possa ser uma ferramenta eficiente e muito valiosa que tem muito a contribuir para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem das Frações. Diante disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os estudos relacionados à utilização dos jogos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Frações a partir da publicação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), tendo como foco as pesquisas existentes no Brasil. Esse estudo foi estruturado a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como base metodológica o Estado da Arte. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, foi realizada a pesquisa, a seleção e a análise de trabalhos publicados no portal Periódicos Capes e na plataforma da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), a partir de 2018, ano de publicação da BNCC. Todos os trabalhos tiveram seus resumos lidos e, após uma triagem, excluíram-se aqueles que não atendiam os aspectos propostos na pesquisa, restando 4 artigos do Portal Periódicos Capes e 3 dissertações da Biblioteca Digital que tratam do ensino de Frações por meio de jogos.
Conceitos de Geometria Plana para uma educação antirracista na 1ª Série do Ensino Médio: a Geometria na arte e na cultura dos penteados afro-brasileiros
Authors: Nobre Cristiane Siqueira de Macêdo , Santos Viviane de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho objetivou-se na promoção da formação humanizadora com possibilidades do ensino dos conhecimentos básicos de Geometria relacionados à temática dos penteados, da cultura afro-brasileira e de sua história, na intenção de melhorar os resultados e proporcionar o ensino mais dinâmico da Matemática com a Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos. Com os fundamentos da Pedagogia histórico-crítica, foi possível desenvolver o contexto histórico e cultural dos estudantes e possibilitar o direcionamento na promoção de uma educação antirracista. O tema surgiu da observação dos penteados e trançados que alguns estudantes gostam de fazer nos cabelos e estes foram associados aos conceitos trabalhados com 69 estudantes em turmas da 1ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino do Estado de Alagoas. Diante da proposta, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com enfoque em pesquisa-formação multirreferencial. Como resultados, foi identificado maior engajamento dos praticantes e uma melhoria nos rendimentos quando comparados aos rendimentos anteriores à proposta; tal aspecto foi verificado por meio da análise dos dados obtidos nas narrativas e nas produções dos praticantes culturais que permitiram a construção do conhecimento em todo o processo.
Aritmética al aire libre con alumnos de 5 años
Authors: Pericás Paula , Palacián Mónica Arnal
Published: July 2024

Las escuelas infantiles al aire libre son un modelo educativo implantado con gran éxito en el centro y norte de Europa, Estados Unidos y Asia. En este modelo se utilizan materiales manipulativos y se fomenta el interés y la curiosidad por la naturaleza. En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta didáctica destinada a alumnos de 5 años en un centro educativo español y focalizada en la resolución de problemas aditivos de una etapa en un contexto al aire libre. La muestra la componen 23 niños que se encuentran en un estadio preoperacional, son capaces de contar un mínimo de 20 objetos estableciendo la correspondencia uno a uno y se encuentran en un momento de evolución de capacidad de atención. La propuesta estuvo compuesta por 6 sesiones, en las que se trabajó problemas de transformación, de combinación y de comparación. Entre los resultados se encuentran cómo los alumnos resuelven los problemas con mayor facilidad a través de la manipulación y un entorno diferente, que siguiendo sus clases habituales. Asimismo, los niños que mostraban menores habilidades lógico-matemática eran capaces de resolver los problemas a partir del recuento de todos los elementos, mientras que otros niños con un nivel cognitivo superior empleaban una mayor variedad de técnicas.
A Aprendizagem de Probabilidade no 9º Ano do Ensino Fundamental por meio da Produção de Mídias Digitais
Authors: Jesus Cleiton Ribeiro de , Homa Agostinho Iaqchan Ryokiti
Published: July 2024

São apresentadas a proposta e os resultados da pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, e o objetivo geral foi investigar as contribuições que a atividade de produção de animações didáticas, histórias e cartoons digitais, sob as características da metodologia ativa da sala de aula invertida, trazem para a aprendizagem da Probabilidade no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Considerou-se que o processo de aprendizagem pela produção de animações didáticas, histórias em quadrinhos, denominados como cartoons digitais, seria uma abordagem metodológica capaz de proporcionar uma situação didática na qual os alunos seriam protagonistas da sua aprendizagem, pois eles necessitariam se apropriar dos conceitos da temática proposta, para produzirem uma narrativa que apresentasse um problema e sua solução na forma de uma mídia digital. Os resultados apontam que a produção das cartoons digitais é um recurso para a Educação Matemática, contribuindo com o despertar do interesse pelo estudo para o desenvolvimento da atividade. Constatou-se que os alunos pesquisaram e aprofundaram seus conhecimentos sobre Probabilidade ao estudarem para a criação dos seus cartoons digitais. Observou-se que a atividade proposta pode ser considerada como uma metodologia ativa se caracterizando como uma sala de aula invertida na qual os alunos se tornassem protagonistas da sua aprendizagem, pois pesquisaram a temática de forma autônoma, estudaram diversos problemas de contagem e probabilidade adaptando-os à sua linguagem. O professor atuou como mediador, validando os problemas propostos bem como a sua resolução. Os trabalhos apresentados pelos grupos foram discutidos em sala de aula trazendo uma diversidade de situações problema favorecendo o processo de aprendizagem do objeto de conhecimento de Probabilidade.
Histórias em Quadrinhos e Resolução de Problemas no Ensino da Matemática: Uma prática com licenciandos
Authors: Rocha Marcilene de Souza Brito , Campos Fabio Antunes Brun de , Fagundes Minéia Cappellari , Chiari Aparecida Santana de Souza
Published: July 2024

Em um processo colaborativo de formação inicial docente, buscamos compreender o papel das Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQs), no formato digital, e da Resolução de Problemas no ensino da Matemática. A pesquisa contou com a participação de 12 acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública do estado de Mato Grosso e foi realizada em uma das disciplinas de seu curso. A pesquisa é de cunho experimental e foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa para a produção e análise dos dados. A análise foi realizada a partir das capturas de prints das produções dos colaboradores, dos diálogos inferidos em uma roda de conversa e da observação dos acadêmicos durante o desenvolvimento do experimento didático-formativo. A pesquisa revelou que tais recursos favorecem o diálogo entre professor e estudante, permitem a fala e a expressão por diferentes formas de linguagem e abrem espaço para uma formação mais social, onde o estudante se coloca de acordo com sua identidade e contexto social e cultural no processo de produção de conhecimento.
Análisis del contexto de las tareas estadísticas que se proponen estudiar en libros para la escuela secundaria
Authors: Sagala Sheila Solange , Corica Ana Rosa
Published: July 2024

Los libros son un pilar fundamental en la educación, con frecuencia preceptivos en la educación no universitaria y un apoyo para estudiantes y profesores. Los libros ocupan un lugar importante en el aula, y el análisis de los mismos puede ayudar a pensar lo que ocurre dentro de la misma en relación a cómo se estudia la estadística, qué nociones y tipo de tareas se priorizan, y cuáles son dejadas a un lado. En este trabajo se reportan resultados de una investigación exploratoria, descriptiva e interpretativa. Indagamos los contextos de las tareas estadísticas que se proponen estudiar en libros para la enseñanza secundaria. Los principales resultados indican que la mayor proporción de las tareas de los libros remiten a un contexto cotidiano, donde no se indica la fuente de los datos; y se destacan tareas que no refieren a algún contexto, reduciendo el estudio de la estadística al cálculo de valores.
Paesaggi d’Epiro
Authors: Carbotti Federica , D'Ambola Francesca , Rivoli Matteo , Sigismondo Giacomo
Published: July 2024

Gli studi raccolti nel presente volume intendono fornire una panoramica, in prospettiva diacronica, sullo sviluppo del paesaggio antico dell’Epiro, la regione storica attualmente compresa tra l’Albania meridionale e la Grecia nord-occidentale. Tale contesto, storicamente complesso e stratificato, viene indagato dagli autori grazie all’analisi dei dati archeologici e della cultura materiale, approcciando il tema del paesaggio secondo quattro prospettive differenti ma complementari: i paesaggi fortificati, i paesaggi sacri, i paesaggi rurali e i paesaggi epigrafici. Nelle corrispettive sezioni tematiche si ripercorre la storia della Caonia a partire dalla genesi del popolamento antico durante l’età del Bronzo, attraverso il fenomeno della cosiddetta seconda colonizzazione greca, fino alla nascita dello stato epirota in età ellenistica e ai profondi mutamenti seguiti al progressivo estendersi del dominio di Roma.
Assessing Islamic Banking Equity: A Synthesis of Financial Ratios and Economic Conditions
Authors: Mubarok Faizul , Nurhasanah Anggun , Fajarwati Nabila Desinta , Salsabila Shazkia
Published: July 2024

The success of companies in the banking sector is necessary for driving economic growth and state revenues. Their success is usually measured using their share prices which is a good index of their overall value. The objectives of this paper were to analyse the relationship between independent variables and share prices of Islamic Banking companies. The independent variables are the following financial ratios for indicators Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, Inflation, interest rates and exchange rates. The study made use of the random effects data model to analyse the various Islamic Banking firms that are listed capital market, using data from 2020 to 2023. The results from the study were that Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio and Debt to Asset Ratio had a statistically significant impact on the share prices of the Islamic Banking Companies. However, Inflation, Interest, and exchange rates did not have a statistically significant effect on stock prices. The results of this analysis will be useful for stakeholders in the Islamic banking sector as they know the most critical factors in determining the market’s valuation of a companies performance and results to help guide strategies for the future.
Urgensi Mutu Pelayanan Customer Service Dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Dan Loyalitas Nasabah
Authors: Umatin Choiru , Vanessa Chelsea , Sulkha Atina , Nurkholifah Noviana , Pambudi Adjie , Al Muiz Mochamad Nasichin , Ridwanulloh M. Ubaidillah
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Service capability plays an important role for the sustainability of a company in increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty. The main priority of a company engaged in banking services is customer satisfaction. In winning the increasingly competitive competition, the Bank strives to provide the best service (service excellent). This study aims to determine the importance of retaining customers and reaching potential customers. In addition, to find out how to maintain and improve the quality and loyalty of its customers. The research uses a library research method in which data is collected based on academic data bases, digital libraries, and repositories of educational institutions. Some references are obtained from books, scientific journals, articles and research reports relevant to customer service quality research in improving customer quality and loyalty. The result is that customer service quality has a crucial role in shaping customer perceptions of financial institutions. Quality of service is very concerned about satisfaction and loyalty to maintain a positive brand image or image in the eyes of the community. The effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty can show that customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Increasing service quality has an impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty is also increasing. Conversely, if the quality of Customer Service service decreases, it will have an impact on worsening customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Silvia Iglesias Recuero (Coord.) (2022). Pragmática histórica del español. Formas de tratamiento, actos de habla y construcción del diálogo. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla. 283 pp. ISBN: 978-84-472-2251-3.
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Lourdes , Saeta Marcos María del Mar , Shuqing Zhang , Yiqi Zhong
Published: July 2024

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ANALISIS SENTIMEN SOSIAL MEDIA TWITTER TERKAIT TABUNGAN PERUMAHAN RAKYAT (TAPERA) DENGAN NAÏVE BAYES
Authors: Dewy Avry Liyanah , Kamayani Mia
Published: July 2024

The advancement of technology has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including how people interact and express their opinions on social media. This study aims to analyze the sentiment of conversations on Twitter regarding the government-initiated Housing Savings Program (TAPERA). Using the Naïve Bayes classification method, data was collected through the Google Collab platform and processed using the tweet-harvest library, successfully gathering 1,800 tweets that met the search criteria. The data preprocessing stage included cleaning and manual sentiment labeling to obtain accurate training data. The analysis results show that out of 720 tested tweets, 473 tweets had negative sentiment (65.69%) and 247 tweets had positive sentiment (34.31%). The Naïve Bayes model used in this study demonstrated good performance with an accuracy of 84.17%, precision for the negative class at 88.71%, recall for the negative class at 88.60%, precision for the positive class at 78.54%, and recall for the positive class at 76.08%. The conclusion of this study is that the Naïve Bayes method is effective in classifying public sentiment towards the TAPERA program, providing important insights for relevant parties in evaluating and improving the program's effectiveness.
Влияние сроков скашивания на урожайность зеленой массы сильфии пронзеннолистной на мелиорированных землях Нечерноземья
Authors: Капсамун А. , Павлючик Е. , Иванова Н.
Published: July 2024

В Тверской области в 2019-2021 гг. проведены исследования по оптимальным срокам скашивания и оценки их влияния на продуктивность и качество травостоя сильфии пронзеннолистной (Silphium perfoliatum L.) на дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой глеевой, осушаемой закрытым дренажем почве. Биохимический анализ зеленой массы сильфии в разные фазы развития показал, что содержание протеина в ней снижается с возрастом растений. Количество сырого протеина было наибольшим в начале бутонизации. В среднем за 3 года в зеленой массе сбор сырого протеина составил: в начале бутонизации – 24,85 г/кг, в сумме за 2 укоса – 23,54 г/кг; в фазу бутонизации – 21,08 г/кг, за 2 укоса --- 18,20 г/кг; в начале цветения – 12,3 г/кг, за 2 укоса – 13,94 г/кг; в фазу цветения --- 12,1 г/кг, за 2 укоса – 12,09 г/кг. Максимальный выход обменной энергии обеспечил вариант при скашивании культуры в период бутонизации – 102,36 ГДж/га по сравнению с контролем (86,16 ГДж/га). Содержание сырой клетчатки увеличилось с 20,47 до 39,61%. В оптимальную для уборки на зеленый корм фазу бутонизации--начало цветения сильфия показала несколько меньший выход зеленой массы и кормовых единиц, чем в фазу цветения. В среднем за 3 года за 2 укоса получено 54,8 т/га зеленой массы и 0,997 т/га протеина.
Выявление полезных признаков у сортообразцов коллекции райграса пастбищного (Lolium perenne L.) в условиях степной зоны Центрально-Чернозёмного региона
Authors: Сапрыкин С. , Любцева О. , Сапрыкина Н. , Неменущая Е.
Published: July 2024

Представлены результаты изучения сортов и дикорастущих популяций райграса пастбищного для выделения источников селекционно ценных признаков. В полевом опыте исследованы 22 образца, полученных из коллекции ведущих научных центров страны. Исследования проводили в 2021-2023 гг. в степной зоне Центрально-Чернозёмного региона. Почва опытного участка представлена выщелоченным, среднемощным, среднесуглинистым чернозёмом с содержанием гумуса в пахотном горизонте 4,3 %. Годы исследований характеризовались неравномерностью распределения тепла и влаги в течение вегетационного периода, что позволило выявить наиболее адаптивные образцы для использования в селекции райграса сенокосно-пастбищного направления. По комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков выделены сортообразцы райграса, которые существенно превышали стандарт (сорт Воронежский), и могут быть использованы в качестве источников ценных селекционных признаков. По урожайности зелёной массы лучшими были сорта Дуэт, Карат и Дикорастущий-257 – превышали стандарт на 6-10 %. По выходу сухого вещества сорта Карат, Ирина и Дикорастущий-257 превысили стандарт на 17-18 %. По урожайности семян образцы Дикорастущий-257 и Ирина превысили стандарт на 70 и 92 % соответственно. Оценка устойчивости изучаемых образцов к болезням на естественном инфекционном фоне показала слабую устойчивость сортов иностранной селекции к стеблевой ржавчине и достаточно высокую устойчивость всех образцов к гельминтоспориозу.
abundance of submarine volcanism in arcs
Authors: Abbott Dallas , Rubenstone James L
Published: July 2024

Explosive submarine arc volcanoes can cause tsunamis, affect climate, and pose hazards to airplanes and ships. Although 70 % of the Earth is submarine, only 15 % of Holocene arc volcanoes in the Smithsonian Global Volcanism database are submarine. Merging locations of active submarine hydrothermal vents in arcs and the above database, we found 71 unlisted submarine arc volcanoes. Using Baker [2017, doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.02.006], only 44 % of hydrothermal vents in arcs are known. Only 77 of the vent fields are on volcanoes in the Smithsonian database. Assuming that unknown submarine arc volcanoes are present in the same proportions as unknown vents, there are ~160 as-yet undiscovered Holocene age submarine arc volcanoes. Using geophysical data, we located 291 unsurveyed seamounts <30 km from arc axes, the distance within which active vents occur. We estimate 119±16 have active vents. Because more unknown seamounts exist, this means that >32 % of Holocene arc volcanoes are submarine.
Lasiobelonium lonicerae (Alb. & Schwein.) Raitv. = A Novel Record for Türkiye
Authors: Acar İsmail , Karabıyık Halide
Published: July 2024

In this study, Lasiobelonium specimen collected from Genç (Bingöl) district in 2021 is discussed. By the data obtained as a result of field and fungarium studies, it was identified as macro-micromorphological characters and recorded as a new record for Lasiobelonium members in Türkiye (Lasiobelonium lonicerae). In this text, the micro- and macromorphological characters of L. lonicerae are described and illustrated. In addition, the micro characters were illustrated by drawing to make them more distinct and clearer. The L. lonicerae studied in this study will contribute to the Ascomycota diversity of Türkiye and the distribution of the genus Lasiobelonium in the country.
Book of Abstract Conference Proceeding of 8th International Conference on Entrepreneurship Studies, Business, Economy, and Management Science (8th ESBEM)
Authors: Anggahegari Dr. Prameshwara
Published: July 2024

Book of Abstract Conference Proceeding of 8th International Conference on Entrepreneurship Studies, Business, Economy, and Management Science (8th ESBEM)
Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) melalui digitalisasi untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi
Authors: Wardhani Riska Risty , Adam Nurul Tazkiyah , Putri Ainun Lahasa , Setyaningsih Dian Apriani, Sekar Ayu
Published: July 2024

Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan masyarakat agar dapat berkembang dan hidup lebih baik. Salah satu program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengurangi angka kemiskinan adalah melalui pemberdayaan UMKM. Perkembangan teknologi digital dan internet telah memberikan peluang bagi UMKM untuk memasarkan produk dan jasa mereka secara lebih luas dan efisien. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM di Dusun Jetis, Sleman, Yogyakarta dalam pemasaran digital. Pengabdian ini berbasis pendekatan kepada masyarakat. Strategi yang digunakan adalah pengembangan komunitas berbasis aset. Program ini antara lain sosialisasi dan edukasi tentang digital marketing merupakan langkah penting bagi pelaku UMKM. Melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi, pelaku usaha dapat menambah wawasan dan memahami konsep digitalisasi serta mampu merencanakan strategi pemasaran yang efektif dalam mengembangkan bisnis untuk menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas di era digital. Selain itu, program ini juga membantu para pelaku usaha dalam pembuatan media sosial berupa akun Instagram, e-mail, dan lintree. Panduan dan petunjuk diberikan serta diarahkan secara langsung untuk memudahkan pelaku usaha dalam mengelola bisnis kedepannya. Diharapkan dengan keseimbangan mindset dan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran secara online, pelaku UMKM dapat menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan keberlangsungan usaha yang lebih lama serta dapat berdaya saing di era digital.
Integrating Flight and Charging Schedules in Urban Air Mobility
Authors: Cao Shangqing , Jiang Xuan , Bulusu Vishwanath , Chakrabarty Anjan , Hansen Mark , Onat Emin Burak , Sengupta Raja , Zou Bo
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates the simultaneous optimization of flight schedule and charging policy of electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft for Urban Air Mobility operations. An optimization model is developed for a two-vertiport system to design an efficient flight schedule, including re-balancing flights, and a charging policy that serves a given demand with the objective of minimizing the required fleet size. The results highlight that charging aircraft to a lower State of Charge level during peak demand periods and to a higher level during off-peak times effectively reduces the fleet size, due to the non-linearity of battery charging times. The study includes a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact of various demand levels and flight times on the system. The results highlight the interplay between fluctuations in passenger demand and battery charging policies. Future work will integrate infrastructure constraints into the optimization model.
Response inhibition in autistic children predicts positive psychotic symptoms in young adulthood: Results from an 8-year follow-up study
Authors: Ziermans Tim , Kok Britt , van Rijn Sophie
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Attenuated positive symptoms constitute the most validated vulnerability marker for psychosis in non-autistic young adults. Early deviations in executive functioning and social cognition are believed to contribute to the onset of these symptoms. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the presence and early development of psychotic symptoms in autistic young adults as well as their putative cognitive precursors. Methods: Thirty young adults diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition (ASC; Mage=20.1; 83.3% male) were assessed for psychotic symptoms. Their scores were compared to a typical peer comparison group (TC; Mage=22.1, 41.7% male) and, retrospectively, to their scores in childhood (Mage=12.1) to determine long term-stability. In addition, it was tested whether cognitive markers assessed in childhood could predict positive symptoms in young adulthood. Results: There was significant and moderate evidence for more negative, symptoms in young adults with ASC compared to TC, but no difference in positive or disorganized symptoms. Furthermore, positive and negative symptoms did not differ significantly over time and displayed weak correlations between both assessments, while disorganized symptoms showed a modest decrease and a significant correlation. In addition, response inhibition accuracy in childhood was a significant cognitive predictor of positive symptoms at follow-up. Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, our results suggest that self-reported positive psychotic symptoms are not elevated in young adults with ASC. Psychotic symptoms remain relatively stable from childhood to young adulthood, although individual differences in symptom change are substantial. Response inhibition is a putative candidate risk marker for developing positive symptoms in young autistic adults.
Promises and Pitfalls: Using Large Language Models to Generate Visualization Items
Authors: Cui Yuan , Ge Lily , Ding Yiren , Harrison Lane , Yang Fumeng , Kay Matthew
Published: July 2024

Visualization items—factual questions about visualizations that ask viewers to accomplish visualization tasks—are regularly used in the field of information visualization as educational and evaluative materials. For example, researchers of visualization literacy require large, diverse banks of items to conduct studies where the same skill is measured repeatedly on the same participants. Yet, generating a large number of high-quality, diverse items requires significant time and expertise. To address the critical need for a large number of diverse visualization items in education and research, this paper investigates the potential for large language models (LLMs) to automate the generation of multiple-choice visualization items. Through an iterative design process, we develop the VILA (Visualization Items Generated by Large LAnguage Models) pipeline, for efficiently generating visualization items that measure peo- ple’s ability to accomplish visualization tasks. We use the VILA pipeline to generate 1,404 candidate items across 12 chart types and 13 visualization tasks. In collaboration with 11 visualization experts, we develop an evaluation rulebook which we then use to rate the quality of all candidate items. The result is the VILA bank of ∼1,100 items. From this evaluation, we also identify and classify current limitations of the VILA pipeline, and discuss the role of human oversight in ensuring quality. In addition, we demonstrate an application of our work by creating a visualization literacy test, VILA-VLAT, which measures people’s ability to complete a diverse set of tasks on various types of visualizations; comparing it to the existing VLAT, VILA-VLAT shows moderate to high convergent validity (R = 0.70). Lastly, we discuss the application areas of the VILA pipeline and the VILA bank and provide practical recommendations for their use. All supplemental materials are available at https://osf.io/ysrhq/.
ENTRUST-PE: An Integrated Framework for Trustworthy Pain Evidence. White Paper.
Authors: O'Connell Neil , Richards Georgia Catherine , Soliman Nadia , Ferraro Michael C , Segelcke Daniel , Eccleston Christopher , stewart gavin , Smart Keith Matthew , Palermo Tonya M. , Rice Andrew SC , Vollert Jan , Wainwright Elaine , Williams Amanda , Crombez Geert , Wilkinson Jack , Pogatzki-Zahn Esther , Turk Dennis , Keefe Frank , Pickering Gisele , Knaggs Roger , Tölle Thomas , Belton Joletta , Fisher Emma , Hood Anna Marie , Norris Emma
Published: July 2024

The personal, social and economic burden of chronic pain is enormous. Yet patients with chronic pain, clinicians and the public are often poorly served by an evidence architecture that contains multiple structural weaknesses which reduce confidence in treatment practice. Weaknesses include incomplete research governance, a lack of diversity and inclusivity, inadequate stakeholder engagement, poor methodological rigour and incomplete reporting, a lack of data accessibility and transparency, and a failure to communicate findings with appropriate balance. These issues span pre-clinical research, clinical trials, systematic reviews and impact on the development of clinical guidance and practice. Research misconduct and inauthentic data present a further critical risk. These problems are not unique to research in pain but, combined, they increase bias and uncertainty in research, waste resources, drive the provision of low-value care, increase research and healthcare costs and impede the discovery of potentially more effective interventions, all of which negatively impact people living with pain.This White Paper summarises the discussions and recommendations of the ENhancing TRUSTworthiness in Pain Evidence (ENTRUST-PE) network project, which received funding from the European Commission in 2023 (ERA-NET NEURON Consortium). An international and interdisciplinary group from the pain research community met on multiple occasions with the objective of developing a novel integrated framework for enhancing and facilitating the trustworthiness of evidence for pain. The resulting framework conceptualises trustworthy research as being underpinned by 7 core values: 1. Integrity and Governance, 2. Equity Diversity and Inclusivity, 3. Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement, 4. Methodological Rigour, 5. Openness and Transparency, 6. Balanced Communication, and 7. Data Authenticity. We propose that each of these core values should drive universal actions and behaviours in researchers and stakeholders across all roles and stages of the research process. In this paper we summarise the challenges addressed by each core value, make recommendations for each key stakeholder group in the research ecosystem in order to enhance the trustworthiness of pain research and present the case for systems-level change.
RF and microwave photonic temporal signal processing with Kerr micro-combs
Authors: Moss David
Published: July 2024

Integrated Kerr micro-combs, a powerful source of many wavelengths for photonic RF and microwave signal processing, are particularly useful for transversal filter systems. They have many advantages including a compact footprint, high versatility, large numbers of wavelengths, and wide bandwidths. We review recent progress on photonic RF and microwave high bandwidth temporal signal processing based on Kerr micro-combs with spacings from 49-200GHz. We cover integral and fractional Hilbert transforms, differentiators as well as integrators. The potential of optical micro-combs for RF photonic applications in functionality and ability to realize integrated solutions is also discussed.
Navigating uncertainty in LCA-based approaches to biodiversity footprinting
Authors: Bromwich Talitha , White Thomas , Bouchez Alice , Hawkins Isobel , zu Ermgassen Sophus , Bull Joseph W. , Bartlett Harriet , Bennun Leon , Biggs Elizabeth , Booth Hollie , Clark Michael , Geneidy Sami El , Prescott Graham , Sonter Laura , Starkey Malcolm , Milner-Gulland E.J.
Published: July 2024

The use of Life cycle assessment (LCA) methods is rapidly expanding as a means of estimating the biodiversity impacts of organisations across complex value chains. However, these methods have limitations and substantial uncertainties, which are rarely communicated in the results of LCAs. Drawing upon the ecological and LCA literature on uncertainty and two worked examples of biodiversity footprinting, we outline where different types of uncertainty occur across multiple stages of the LCA process, from input data to the choice of biodiversity metric. Some uncertainties are epistemic, incorporating structural (e.g., the types of pressures included in models), parametric (e.g., uncertainty around conversion factors), and measurement uncertainty, as well as natural variability, stochasticity, and information gaps. Other uncertainties are linguistic (e.g., ambiguity around definitions of biodiversity) and decision-based (e.g., choices made when matching company data to inventory categories). We provide suggestions for understanding, reducing, and navigating uncertainties when using LCAs for biodiversity footprinting.Understanding the risks posed by these uncertainties, weighing them against the costs of inappropriate action or inaction, and ensuring decisions are robust to these uncertainties, is vital for designing effective biodiversity strategies. With a full understanding of these uncertainties, opportunities exist to utilise LCAs for high-level risk screening to prioritise action and highlight areas where focused effort and more granular data are needed, to track progress towards abating impacts year-on-year and identify low risk actions. However, biodiversity strategies should not be based solely on absolute LCA impact results. Instead, LCAs should be used alongside other approaches to guide location-specific and robust action to deliver a Nature Positive future.
The relationship between perceived friendship quality and self-judgements in adolescent girls from London
Authors: Piera Pi-Sunyer Blanca , Evans Jessica , Ratcliffe Katrina , Janaarthanan Kaushalya , Ahmed Saz , Kuyken Willem , Dalgleish Tim , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne
Published: July 2024

Understanding ourselves within our peer environment is an important component of self-development during adolescence, the period of life between the onset of puberty and adulthood (between ages 10 and 24 years). We used a self-appraisal paradigm to investigate cross-sectionally the relationship between perceived friendship quality and self-judgements in adolescent girls. One hundred and sixty-three girls (9 to 15 years), recruited from London, United Kingdom, rated how well a set of positive and negative adjectives described themselves, or a chosen familiar other. Participants also completed a self-report friendship quality questionnaire. Higher perceived friendship quality predicted lower negative self-judgements and higher positive self-judgements. These relationships did not change across the age range tested, but there was an overall decrease in positivity effect (higher positive judgements compared to negative judgements) with age. These findings highlight the importance of investigating how different components of peer relationships are related to self-concept development in adolescence.
Machine learning internship - Random Seeds for ML
Authors: Euch Jouhaina Salsabil El , Boudi Ikram , Woranij Jirapat
Published: July 2024

As part of a machine learning lab at the University of Siegen[2], the code of the paper "The Effect of Random Seeds for Data Splitting on Recommendation Accuracy"[6] was replicated and reproduced. While the original paper focused on recommender systems, the code was adapted to investigate the effect of random seeds on general machine learning algorithms. Decision tree, KNN, and linear regression algorithms were evaluated on multiple datasets. Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metrics were used for evaluation. In addition, comparative analyses were performed with the results from the original paper to confirm the consistency and validity of the results.
Landscape response will reduce glacier sensitivity to climate change in High Mountain Asia
Authors: Harrison Stephan , Racoviteanu Adina , Shannon Sarah , Jones Darren , Anderson Karen , Glasser Neil , Ranger Anna , Mandal Arindan , Vishwakarma Bramha , Kargel Jeff , Shugar Dan , Haritashya Umesh , Dongfeng Li , Koutroulis Aristeidis , Wyser Klaus , Inglis Sam
Published: July 2024

In High Mountain Asia (HMA) climate change threatens mountain water resources as glaciers melt, and the resulting changes in runoff and water availability are hypothesised to have considerable negative impacts on ecological and human systems. Numerous assessments of the ways in which glaciers will respond to climate warming have been published over the past decade. Many have used climate model projections to argue that HMA glaciers will melt significantly this century. However, we show that this is only one way in which glaciers might respond. An alternative scenario is one in which increasing valley-side instability releases large amounts of rock debris onto glacier surfaces. This then inhibits glacier melting to the extent that glacier ice becomes preserved under a thick rock debris cover. We call this alternative scenario the Paraglacial Transition and this has rarely been articulated in the context of HMA. In this paper we discuss this landscape transition and use understanding of past glacier dynamics to assess its likelihood. Better understanding of how HMA glaciers respond to climate change is critical for underpinning climate change adaptation strategies and to ensure that this highly populated region is in a strong position to meet sustainable development goals.
A Comparison of Collocates of Masculinity in Classic English Texts
Authors: Utterberg Max , Dykeman Cass
Published: July 2024

Some state that today, men are undergoing a “crisis of masculinity”, with “toxic masculinity” being at the center of this dialogue. For professional counselors, it is important that they are able to navigate men’s and boy’s issues in counseling, and looking at historical perspectives on masculinity may be of assistance to building healthy male identities. The aim of the current study is to understand the cultural origins of lemmas “manhood” and “masculinity” within the context of classic English literature, using a large corpus of English books from the 15th-18th centuries. A Sketch Engine study was employed using logDice to understand word collocations with the target lemmas. A Mann-Kendall test for monotonic trend was also used to see whether differences exist in usage over time, as well as a Theil-Sen regression to model those trends. Top collocates for “masculine” and “manhood” were “gender” and “godhead”, respectively, with “masculinity” only netting one usage within the whole corpus. There was no significant change over time in the usage of the targeted terms. Themes among collocates included establishment of masculine traits, dialogues about stages of life, and the religious symbolism of Jesus Christ.Keywords: masculinity, manhood, literature, English text, counseling
Democratic Leadership and Job Satisfaction: Moderating Role of Age and Gender
Authors: Sapkota Bigul , Kayestha Mijala , Tiwari Devi Raman , Shrestha Pukar
Published: July 2024

The job satisfaction level of employees in an organization is subject to alteration because of the leadership style of the managers. Different leadership styles can have different effects on the job satisfaction levels. This study attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of democratic leadership on job satisfaction, along with the moderating role of age and gender in this impact, through an empirical investigation in Nepalese Commercial Banks where 5 out of the 10 highest profit-earning banks in the second quarter of FY 2079/80 were taken as samples for the study and questionnaires were distributed.  It uses a multiple regression model, evaluates the dummy indicator regression of democratic leadership and job satisfaction, and discusses the findings of the analysis, which indicate that democratic leadership had a positive and significant impact on job satisfaction as the coefficient of multiple determination calculated is 0.433. The adoption of a democratic leadership style by the managers led to an increase in the job satisfaction levels of the employees because of the emphasis on participative behavior, motivation, and communication. Similarly, both age and gender played no significant moderating role in democratic leadership’s impact on job satisfaction as the adjusted R-square values are 0.402 for females, and 0.506 for males, gender-wise, and it is 0.823 for the age group (22-26) and 0.506 for 26 and above, age-wise. This paper concludes with the implication that a democratic leadership style should be adopted by the leaders to instill a participative environment and satisfy the employees. It also establishes the foundation for additional in-depth research in the future, in line with the limitations of this study.
Marketing Strategy for Financial Institutions in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Deepak , Kandel Yog
Published: July 2024

The Nepalese financial sector has undergone significant changes after the government’s financial sector reform programme. The reform programmes brought various changes yet bank and financial institutions (BFIs) lacks appropriate strategies in marketing financial services. However, the recent developments in financial sector and changing dynamics of consumer behaviour towards financial services have underscored the need of strategic orientation in discovering customer need, institutional promotional initiatives, customer satisfaction, employee motivation and customer data management practices. In this context, this study attempted to explore the marketing strategies of bank and financial institutions (BFIs) in selling/providing financial services to the customers using principal component analysis with varimax rotation adopting exploratory research design. To fulfil the purpose of the study, data were collected from 304 sales personnel of the bank and financial institutions (BFIs) using structured questionnaires. The study has identified 20 factors from the related literature. Through exploratory factor analysis, five most influential factors have been discovered and are instrumental in formulating the marketing strategies for bank and financial institutions (BFIs).
Acting Responsibly in Nepal: Some Anthropological Remarks on Women’s Experience of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Dahal Kapil B.
Published: July 2024

Often, it is taken for granted that individual ‘act responsibly’ in their health-related behaviour. However, while minutely observing people’s behaviours and practices that directly and indirectly affect their health and well-being, it appears that such seemingly inherent ideas and practices do not always remain valid, and we can see individuals performing at par below rationality. In this article, I examine whether this notion is an innate quality of human beings and intrinsic to individuals or is it a socially constructed phenomenon? If so, this paper interrogates and highlights, in what kinds of cultural and social contexts individuals cannot act responsibly in a way that eventually promotes their health and well-being or reduces their vulnerability to problematic health situations. This paper is based on some ethnographic information generated through multiple research studies conducted in different periods in Nepal, aiming to understand women’s lived experiences of and the health care provisions regarding uterine prolapsed in Nepal. Various forms of interactions and observations techniques were employed to generate information for these studies. Thematic analysis has been employed in the process of navigating through the qualitative information acquired through these studies.
Context-Specific Dynamics of Centrally Planned Macro Program for School Infrastructure Reform
Authors: Chongbang Karna Bahadur , Siwakoti Rabindra
Published: July 2024

The educational program evolved at the national level manifests in a general macro program. The school infrastructure development program through the President’s Education Reform Program (PERP) is one of the centrally developed educational programs in Nepal, as the case of this research article. The objective of this article is to analyze the context dynamics of centrally evolved school infrastructure (ICT and classroom building) program installation. The primary data employed in this article were drawn from the stakeholders of three program school cases situated in Sarlahi and Rautahat districts belonging to an embedded multiple-case study design of qualitative research methodology. FGD, key informant (KI) interviews, and general observation methods were used for information elicitation. The research findings reveal that centrally developed macro program policy interacts with school system-specific micro-contexts or central policy contexts which make program policy be implemented irrespective of the prioritized need, adapted with a modified technical design responding to the school-specific resources, and practiced with diverse school leadership styles. In the lapses of coordination and commitment of the tiered governance systems, the PERP or any other macro-program policy becomes strange for the implementers. The complex interaction of school-specific systems dynamics consisting of school infrastructural needs, stakeholder involvement, established school leadership styles, and initiation of local government authority make central macro policy be enacted and adapted rather than be linearly implemented. This implies incorporating the school-specific dynamics as a core component of the education plan for the formation of pragmatic program policy to enact effectively.
Sensitivity Analysis for Fuzzy Linear Programming Problem by Mehar Method
Authors: سوزان صابر حيدر
Published: July 2024

Numerous manufacturing companies face significant financial setbacks due to excessive raw material costs, low profits, and no taxes on imported goods. The production companies also suffer from uncertainty concerning expenses, production levels, sales figures, and the accessibility of raw materials. Therefore, in our study, we developed an innovative method to design a fuzzy linear programming model customised for the Doura Refinery of the Middle Refineries Company. We emphasised five essential products: white oil, naphtha, light puffs, heavy Jet, and liquid gas. The main goal of our approach was to achieve optimal decision-making by identifying the most favourable production quantities and evaluating the corresponding net income derived from product sales. Following the Mehar method, we employed a methodology that converts the fuzzy linear programming problem into a standard linear programming problem. Subsequently, we conducted a sensitivity analysis, focusing only on the impact of fuzzy cost changes, and successfully derived optimal solutions for this case. Therefore, we aim to resolve the challenges of fuzzy linear programming and explore how