bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy-Related Information Need and Information-Seeking Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Ikorodu General Hospital, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Foluso Ojewole, , O. Oludipe, Yemisi
Published: September 2017

Background: Pregnant women attending antenatal care have a need for quality pregnancy-related information. Purpose: To describe the pregnancy-related information seeking patterns among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Ikorodu. Methods and Design: The study was carried out using a descriptive correlational design. A purposive sample of 228pregnant women were recruited from an antenatal clinic in Lagos State to complete pregnancy-related information seeking pattern questionnaire (PRISPQ).” Descriptive analysis and inferential statistics (logic regression) was used to analyse the information generated. Result: Over 50% respondents are in third trimester, age range 26-35years. Majority of the pregnant women in the study area had moderate level of pregnancy information needs (58.3%, mean = 28.007) and information-seeking (52.2%, mean = 26.119). Long wait to see the healthcare personnel (64.5%) and having knowledge of pregnancy (60.5%) are perceived barriers to seeking pregnancy-related information. The most potent predictor of information seeking pattern among the predictor variables of the study is religion (β = .372; t = 8.419; p < .05), followed by age (β= .300; t = 6.335; p <.05), and lastly by marital status (β= .261; t = 4.456; p <.05). Conclusion: Pregnancy outcomes could be improved if pregnant women are provided with pregnancy-related information necessary to empower them to overcome pregnancy challenges. Thus, nurses and midwives should offer quality information that could assist the pregnant women to make rightful healthcare decision during antenatal.
Germinación Y Crecimiento En Vivero Y En Campo De Zaya (Amoreuxia palmatifida DC.), Una Especie Nativa Amenazada En México
Authors: Celaya-Michel Hernán , Ochoa-Meza Andrés , López-Elías Jesús , Barrera-Silva Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2017

The food needs by the human population is increasing; In that sense, having a new crop can contribute to ameliorate the demand for food. The zaya (Amoreuxia palmatifida DC.) has been used as food both before and after the arrival of the European settlers in several states of northwest Mexico and southwestern United States. Over a hundred years ago there are authors recommending the zaya as a native plant with potential to be cultivated, being one of the problems to overcome the difficulty of its seeds to germinate. The study objectives were to evaluate germination treatments of zaya seeds and measure plantula grow under two systems. It was found that seeds physically scarified by sanding were those that germinated (73%; p <0.0001), compared to treatments control, of soaking for 24 hours and addition, of boiling water, were does not germinate any seed. The results of zaya growth were greater (p <0.0001), for plants in open field under drip irrigation, compared to the plants planted in pots under shadehouse, for all variables evaluated. The results obtained in this work, about the germination and growing of zaya, can be used to multiply their propagules and restore natural populations affected in northwest of Mexico. It is necessary to continue research on agronomic aspects of the zaya cultivation, a plant with great potential for both human and animal feeding, ornamental, and possibly medicinal use.
Fold Bifurcation Caused by Pollution Emission in an OLG Economy
Authors: Cao Dong , Wang Lin , Wang Shouyang
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the macroeconomic effect of pollution emission in an overlapping generation system. This is done through constructing an endogenous economy which generates pollution and environment deterioration. It shows how different level of pollution emission could cause complexity such as fold bifurcation in this system. In addition, numerical simulations are provided to show the emergency of complexity.
Ammonia Volatilization of Zinc Sulfate‐Coated and NBPT‐Treated Urea Fertilizers
Authors: Adotey Nutifafa , Kongchum Manoch , Li Jifeng , Whitehurst Garnett B. , Sucre Eric , Harrell Dustin L.
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas

Combining Zn sulfate‐coated urea with low percent NBPT improved ammonia volatilization control in low pH soil when compared to the recommended NBPT application rate.

Combining Zn sulfate‐coated urea with boron compounds provided ammonia volatility control.

The inhibitory effect of urea coated with Zn sulfate alone on ammonia volatilization is influenced by soil properties.

A study was conducted to determine ammonia loss from surface‐broadcast urea, urea treated with three rates of N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and experimental zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)‐coated urea (ZSCU) fertilizers with or without urease inhibitors. Four trials were conducted in environmentally regulated boxes over a 14‐d period. Cumulative ammonia loss from urea was 13.98, 15.57, 23.07, and 27.74% of applied N for the Mowata, Crowley H, Crowley L, and Kinder soils, respectively. Cumulative ammonia loss from urea was greater than all rates of NBPT‐treated urea (5.57–13.35%) and ZSCU fertilizer containing urease inhibitors (2.63–11.50%) across soil types. The number of days after fertilization when the maximum rate of ammonia loss occurred increased with each incremental increase in NBPT rate for the Mowata and Crowley L soils, increased between the 0.3 and 0.6 g kg−1 NBPT rates for the Crowley H soil, and increased between the 0.6 and 0.9 g kg−1 NBPT rates for the Kinder soil. Only one of the experimental ZSCU fertilizers (zinc sulfate‐coated urea with boron and NBPT [ZUN]; Crowley H soil only) increased the number of days after fertilization when the maximum rate of ammonia loss occurred; however, the volatilization rate was lower than urea for all ZSCU fertilizers across soils. The ZUN and ZUC were the most effective ZSCU fertilizer in minimizing cumulative ammonia volatilization by 58 to 81%. The ZSCU fertilizers have the potential to reduce ammonia losses as compared to urea; however, ZSCU fertilizers with B and NBPT were the most effective.
KONTROVERSI PEMIKIRAN ANTARA IMAM MALIK DENGAN IMAM SYAFI’I TENTANG MASLAHAH MURSALAH SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM
Authors: Rohman Taufiqur
Published: September 2017

This article discusses about argument of maslahah mursalah as a source of law. The focus of the study in this paper is a controversial idea between Imam Malik and Imam Shafi'i about maslahah mursalah as a source of law. Controversy thinking between both of them as a source of law. First, Imam Malik used maslahah mursalah as a source of law, but Imam Malik stressed the establishment of the law by taking the benefit and using the ratio, it must not controvert with the rule of law that has been set by nash or ijma '. If there is a controversy then it must precede nash than maslahat. Secondly, Imam Shafi'i did not use maslahah mursalah as a source of law because it did not have a definite standard of nash and qiyas, while Imam Shafi'i’s  establishment  is all of law must be based on nash as qiyas. Imam Shafi'i did not mention this method in his book, al-Risalah. This controversy caused by the absence of a special argumentation that declare about maslahah accepted by Syar'i either directly or indirectly.
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Artikel ini mendiskusikan kehujjahan maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum. Fokus kajian dalam tulisan ini adalah kontroversi pemikiran Imam Malik dengan Imam Syafi’i tentang maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum. Kontroversi pemikiran antara keduanya tentang kehujjahan maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum. Pertama, Imam Malik menggunakan maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum, tetapi Imam Malik menekankan bahwa pembentukan hukum dengan mengambil kemaslahatan yaitu dengan menggunakan rasio tidak boleh bertentangan dengan tata hukum yang telah ditetapkan nash atau ijma’. Apabila terjadi pertentangan maka wajib mendahulukan nash dibandingkan maslahat. Kedua, Imam Syafi’i tidak menggunakan maslahah mursalah sebagai sumber hukum karena mashlahah mursalah tidak memiliki standar yang pasti dari nash maupun qiyas, sedangkan pendirian Imam Syafi’i semua hukum haruslah didasarkan nash atau disandarkan pada nash sebagaimana qiyas. Imam Syafi’i sendiri tidak menyinggung metode ini dalam kitabnya al-Risalah. Adanya kontroversi ini karena tidak adanya dalil khusus yang menyatakan diterimanya maslahah oleh Syar’i baik secara langsung maupun tidak.
LAKI-LAKI SEBAGAI SEKUTU GERAKAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Hasyim Nur
Published: September 2017

Paper ini mengkaji tentang laki-laki yang menjadi sekutu bagi gerakan perempuan. Melalui proses sensitisasi atau penyadaran, laki-laki se­bagai kelompok dominan dalam penindasan atas dasar jenis kelamin dapat memiliki kesadaran feminis atau menjadi bagian dari per­juangan perempuan dalam menghapus ketidakadilan berbasis gender. Namun demikian, posisi laki-laki dalam gerakan perempuan problematis karena privilese dan kekuasaan yang melekat kepada laki-laki sementara keterlibatan mereka dalam gerakan perempuan adalah untuk mendorong laki-laki berhenti menikmati privilese dan kekuasaan sendiri dan selanjutnya mendorong laki-laki untuk mau berbagi privilese dan kekuasaan dengan perempuan. Paper ini meng­upas arah gerakan laki-laki sebagai sekutu gerakan perempuan untuk memastikan bahwa gerakan laki-laki pro-feminis ini benar-benar untuk pencapaian keadilan yang hakiki yakni untuk pencapaian ke­adilan bagi laki-laki dan perempuan dan bukan untuk menciptakan dominasi baru laki-laki dalam ruang-ruang politik perempuan. 
MENYOROTI PASAL-PASAL RUU KUHP YANG MENGANDUNG RELASI GENDER DAN ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Rohmadi Rohmadi
Published: September 2017

Diskursus tentang relasi gender dan anak kembali mengemuka seiring dengan pembahasan RUU KUHP tentang persoalan seputar perkawinan. Nikah siri, perzinaan, kumpul kebo dan pelacuran menjadi isu hangat yang termuat dalam RUU tersebut. Permasalahan ini menjadi menarik dan sangat penting untuk dikaji mengingat bukan hanya menyangkut norma agama dan budaya namun juga terkait dengan isu gender dan anak. Bagaimana­pun, berbagai praktik perzinaan, kumpul kebo dan se­jenis­­nya berdampak pada pola relasi antara laki-laki dan perempu­an, dan juga anak. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan tentang pasal-pasal dalam RUU KUHP yang secara spesifik membahas tentang relasi tersebut dengan menggunakan perspektif hukum pidana Islam.
DARI MITOS TUJUH PUTRI HINGGA LEGITIMASI AGAMA: SUMBER KEKUASAAN SULTAN TERNATE
Authors: Hasyim Rustam
Published: September 2017

Noble people from the circle of Sultanate of Ternate construct and maintain their power base by creating the magical aspect of religious and Culture. This hegemonic strategy allowed this group to pose a certain powerful position and to have a certain place in the heart of the people of Ternate. There are, at least, four important heritage elements in the Sultanate of Ternate used as a strategy to form and strengthen their position. The first is the doctrine Jou se Ngofangare (king and servant) which means Sultan as the representation of God's power (macro cosmos). Second is the mythical Seven Princess, which justifies the Sultan position by using magical-religious as a means to gain people consent. Third, this group tends to use their noble title and heirloom as signs of charisma and sacred magical power. Those heirlooms such as sword and title function to legitimize the Sultan as ruler. Fourth, Kadaton (palace) which produces cultural meaning as the highest indigenous identity and the source of magical belief
VERBA “MELUKAI” DALAM BAHASA ROTE DIALEK DENGKA: KAJIAN META SEMANTIK ALAMI (MSA)
Authors: Loe Efron Erwin Yohanis
Published: September 2017

This article will analyze and examine the verb “to hurt” found in Dengka Dialect of Rote Language. Based on the data collected from the informants, there are nineteen lexicons discovered and each of them will be further described in the discussion part of this article. The nineteen lexicons are: uta, tati, mbau, donggi, dui, undu, teta, ela, kalu, ali, isi, iɁi, tede, soso, nato, edo, ule, tutu and dodo. The approach applied to analyze those nineteen lexicons is natural semantics meta-language (NSM). By using this approach, we would optimise the analysis in order to obtain a better result, since there is only one meaning for each lexicon. The results of this analysis could become a reference for the readers and the researchers in writing articles using their language that related to semantics by using natural semantics meta-language theory.
Generalization of Brillouin theorem for the non-relativistic electronic Schrödinger equation in relation to coupling strength parameter, and its consequences in single determinant basis sets for configuration interactions
Authors: Kristyan Sandor
Published: September 2017

The Brillouin theorem has been generalized for the extended non-relativistic electronic Hamiltonian (HÑ+ Hne+ aHee) in relation to coupling strength parameter (a), as well as for the configuration interactions (CI) formalism in this respect. For a computation support, we have made a particular modification of the SCF part in the Gaussian package: essentially a single line was changed in an SCF algorithm, wherein the operator rij-1 was overwritten as rij-1 ® arij-1, and “a” was used as input. The case a=0 generates an orto-normalized set of Slater determinants which can be used as a basis set for CI calculations for the interesting physical case a=1, removing the known restriction by Brillouin theorem with this trick. The latter opens a door from the theoretically interesting subject of this work toward practice.
O Regulamento Interno de Empresa
Authors: Costa Ana Isabel Lambelho
Published: September 2017

Os segmentos de norma citados são as duas grandes referências do legislador à figura de que nos ocuparemos nas próximas páginas - o regulamento interno de empresa (R.I.). Este é um documento elaborado pelo empregador, obedecendo a um determinado procedimento, que contém, de forma sistemática, um conjunto de regras que se impõem a todos os trabalhadores e que versam sobre a organização e disciplina na empresa. Atento o conteúdo das normas supra mencionadas, logo percebe-mos a importância do R.1.. De facto, ele pode estar quer na génese da relação laboral, quer condicionar a execução do contrato de trabalho. Quanto ao primeiro dos aspectos, sempre se dirá que não é nota distin-tiva do contrato de trabalho, porquanto não é só neste tipo de contrato, nem ramo do Direito, que se reconhece a uma das partes a possibilidade de elaborar, de forma unilateral e prévia, estipulações que devem ser aceites em bloco pela contraparte, sem qualquer possibilidade de negociação individual. Este é o fenómeno bem conhecido das cláusulas contratuais gerais e dos contratos de adesão para cuja disciplina o legislador laboral também remete (artigo 96.º do Código do Trabalho, em diante designado por CT).
O Auditor e a Continuidade da Empresa
Authors: Almeida Bruno José Machado de
Published: September 2017

O tema sobre o qual nos vamos debruçar estrutura-se no pressuposto fundamental subjacente à elaboração das demonstrações financeiras — o princípio da continuidade da actividade das empresas. Analisaremos este assunto na óptica dos normativos nacionais e internacionais de auditoria, dissecando o papel que o auditor deverá ter ao analisar a aplicação deste princípio, nomeadamente quando está perante o art. 35º do CSC. Parece-nos relevante uma primeira abordagem relativa ao próprio conceito de continuidade e qual o seu entendimento geral e, para isso, analisaremos algumas definições que nos pareceram mais demonstrativas.
Da Apreciação da Culpa do Gestor de Negócios
Authors: Proença Catarina Brandão
Published: September 2017

1. Introdução 2. Capacidade jurídica do gestor de negócios 3. Da responsabilidade do gestor de negócios 3.1. Prejuízos causados com a interrupção injustificada da gestão de negócios 3.2. Prejuízos causados com o desrespeito do interesse e da vontade real ou presumível do dono do negócio 3.3. Critério de apreciação da culpa na execução da gestão de negócios 3.3.1. O critério em geral 3.3.2. Casos especiais 3.3.3. O ónus da prova 4. Confronto das soluções nacionais com alguns trabalhos legislativos em preparação 5. Conclusão
Data Extraction Techniques for Spreadsheet Records
Authors: Simkin Mark G.
Published: September 2017

Many accounting applications use spreadsheets as repositories of accounting records, and a common requirement is the need to extract specific information from them. This paper describes a number of techniques that accountants can use to perform such tasks directly using common spreadsheet tools. These techniques include (1) simple and advanced filtering techniques, (2) database functions, (3) methods for both simple and stratified sampling, and, (4) tools for finding duplicate or unmatched records.
A new experimental community pharmacy internship module for undergraduate pharmacy students in western Nepal: overview and reflections
Authors: Timsina Sangita , K.C. Bhuvan , Adhikari Dristi , Alrasheedy Alian A. , Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Izham , Kaundinnyayana Atisammodavardhana
Published: September 2017

Community pharmacies in Nepal and other South Asian countries are in a mediocre state due to poor regulation and the fact that many pharmacies are run by people with insufficient training in dispensing. This has led to the inappropriate use of medicines. The problems due to poor regulation and the mediocre state of community pharmacies in South Asia encompass both academia and clinical practice. In this paper, a 2-week community pharmacy internship programme completed by 2 graduating pharmacy students of Pokhara University (a Nepalese public university) at Sankalpa Pharmacy, Pokhara, Nepal is illustrated. During the internship, they were systematically trained on store management, pharmaceutical care, counselling skills, the use of medical devices, pharmaceutical business plans, medicine information sources, and adverse drug reaction reporting. An orientation, observations and hands-on training, case presentation, discussion, and feedback from 2 senior pharmacists were used as the training method. A proper community pharmacy internship format, good pharmacy practice standards, and a better work environment for pharmacists may improve the quality of community pharmacies.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin-Derived Phenols: From Fundamental Studies towards Industrial Applications
Authors: Mäki-Arvela Päivi , Murzin Dmitry
Published: September 2017

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oils, lignin and their model compounds is summarized in this review. The main emphasis is put on elucidating the reaction network, catalyst stability and time-on-stream behavior, in order to better understand the prerequisite for industrial utilization of biomass in HDO to produce fuels and chemicals. The results have shown that more oxygenated feedstock, selection of temperature and pressure as well as presence of certain catalyst poisons or co-feed have a prominent role in the HDO of real biomass. Theoretical considerations, such as density function theory (DFT) calculations, were also considered, giving scientific background for the further development of HDO of real biomass.
Entropies of Weighted Sums in Cyclic Groups and an Application to Polar Codes
Authors: Abbe Emmanuel , Li Jiange , Madiman Mokshay
Published: September 2017

In this note, the following basic question is explored: in a cyclic group, how are the Shannon entropies of the sum and difference of i.i.d. random variables related to each other? For the integer group, we show that they can differ by any real number additively, but not too much multiplicatively; on the other hand, for Z / 3 Z , the entropy of the difference is always at least as large as that of the sum. These results are closely related to the study of more-sums-than-differences (i.e., MSTD) sets in additive combinatorics. We also investigate polar codes for q-ary input channels using non-canonical kernels to construct the generator matrix and present applications of our results to constructing polar codes with significantly improved error probability compared to the canonical construction.
Comparison Study to the Use of Geophysical Methods at Archaeological Sites Observed by Various Remote Sensing Techniques in the Czech Republic
Authors: Křivánek Roman
Published: September 2017

A combination of geophysical methods could be very a useful and a practical way of verifying the origin and precise localisation of archaeological situations identified by different remote sensing techniques. The results of different methods (and scales) of monitoring these fully non-destructive methods provide distinct data and often complement each other. The presented examples of combinations of these methods/techniques in this study (aerial survey, LIDAR-ALS and surface magnetometer or resistivity survey) could provide information on some specifics and may also be limitations in surveying different archaeological terrains, types of archaeological situations and activities. The archaeological site in this contribution is considered to be a material of this study. In case of Neolithic ditch enclosure near Kolín were compared aerial prospection data, magnetometer survey and aerial photo-documentation of excavated site. In the case of hillforts near Levousy we compared LIDAR data with aerial photography and large-scale magnetometer survey. In the case of the medieval castle Liběhrad we compared LIDAR data with geoelectric resistivity measurement. In case of a burial mound cemetery we combined LIDAR data with magnetometer survey. In the case of the production area near Rynartice we combined LIDAR data with magnetometer and resistivity measurements and result of archaeological excavation. Fortunately for successful combination of geophysical and remote sensing results, their conditions and factors for efficient use in archaeology are not the same. On the other hand, the quality and state of many prehistoric, early medieval, medieval and also modern archaeological sites is rapidly changing over time and both groups of techniques represent important support for their comprehensive and precise documentation and protection.
Variations in Obesity Rates between US Counties: Impacts of Activity Access, Food Environments, and Settlement Patterns
Authors: Congdon Peter
Published: September 2017

There is much ongoing research about the effect of the urban environment as compared with individual behaviour on growing obesity levels, including food environment, settlement patterns (e.g., sprawl, walkability, commuting patterns), and activity access. This paper considers obesity variations between US counties, and delineates the main dimensions of geographic variation in obesity between counties: by urban-rural status, by region, by area poverty status, and by majority ethnic group. Available measures of activity access, food environment, and settlement patterns are then assessed in terms of how far they can account for geographic variation. A county level regression analysis uses a Bayesian methodology that controls for spatial correlation in unmeasured area risk factors. It is found that environmental measures do play a significant role in explaining geographic contrasts in obesity.
X-ray Free Electron Laser Determination of Crystal Structures of Dark and Light States of a Reversibly Photoswitching Fluorescent Protein at Room Temperature
Authors: Hutchison Christopher , Cordon-Preciado Violeta , Morgan Rhodri , Nakane Takanori , Ferreira Josie , Dorlhiac Gabriel , Sanchez-Gonzalez Alvaro , Johnson Allan , Fitzpatrick Ann , Fare Clyde , Marangos Jon , Yoon Chun , Hunter Mark , DePonte Daniel , Boutet Sébastien , Owada Shigeki , Tanaka Rie , Tono Kensuke , Iwata So , Van Thor Jasper
Published: September 2017

The photochromic fluorescent protein Skylan-NS (Nonlinear Structured illumination variant mEos3.1H62L) is a reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent protein which has an unilluminated/ground state with an anionic and cis chromophore conformation and high fluorescence quantum yield. Photo-conversion with illumination at 515 nm generates a meta-stable intermediate with neutral trans-chromophore structure that has a 4 h lifetime. We present X-ray crystal structures of the cis (on) state at 1.9 Angstrom resolution and the trans (off) state at a limiting resolution of 1.55 Angstrom from serial femtosecond crystallography experiments conducted at SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser (SACLA) at 7.0 keV and 10.5 keV, and at Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at 9.5 keV. We present a comparison of the data reduction and structure determination statistics for the two facilities which differ in flux, beam characteristics and detector technologies. Furthermore, a comparison of droplet on demand, grease injection and Gas Dynamic Virtual Nozzle (GDVN) injection shows no significant differences in limiting resolution. The photoconversion of the on- to the off-state includes both internal and surface exposed protein structural changes, occurring in regions that lack crystal contacts in the orthorhombic crystal form.
Comparative Gene Mapping as a Tool to Understand the Evolution of Pest Crop Insect Chromosomes
Authors: Mandrioli Mauro , Zambonini Giada , Manicardi Gian
Published: September 2017

The extent of the conservation of synteny and gene order in aphids has been previously investigated only by comparing a small subset of linkage groups between the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and a few other aphid species. Here we compared the localization of eight A. pisum scaffolds (covering more than 5 Mb and 83 genes) in respect to the Drosophila melanogaster Muller elements identifying orthologous loci spanning all the four A. pisum chromosomes. Comparison of the genetic maps revealed a conserved synteny across different loci suggesting that the study of the fruit fly Muller elements could favour the identification of chromosomal markers useful for the study of chromosomal rearrangements in aphids. A. pisum is the first aphid species to have its genome sequenced and the finding that there are several chromosomal regions in synteny between Diptera and Hemiptera indicates that the genomic tools developed in A. pisum will be broadly useful not only for the study of other aphids but also for other insect species.
The Actin Cytoskeleton Is Involved in Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)-Induced Ret Translocation into Lipid Rafts in Dopaminergic Neuronal Cells
Authors: Li Li , Song Haijing , Mu Peipei , Xu Ming , Liu Chaoxia , Wang Ying , Qin Yingsong , Sun Shen , Gao Jin , Wang Ting , Gao Dianshuai
Published: September 2017

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a potential therapeutic factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD), exerts its biological effects through the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase. The redistribution of Ret into lipid rafts substantially influences Ret signaling, but the mechanisms underlying Ret translocation remain unclear. The purpose of our study was to further explore the signaling mechanisms of GDNF and to determine whether the actin cytoskeleton is involved in the GDNF-induced Ret translocation into lipid rafts. In MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells, we used density gradient centrifugation and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to separate and visualize lipid rafts, co-immunoprecipitation to analyze protein-protein interactions, and latrunculin B (Lat B) and jasplakinolide (Jas) to disrupt and enhance the polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton, respectively. The results showed that Ret translocated into lipid rafts and coimmunoprecipitated with actin in response to GDNF treatment. After Lat B or Jas treatment, the Ret–F-actin association induced by GDNF was impaired or enhanced respectively and then the levels of Ret translocated into lipid rafts were correspondingly inhibited or promoted. These data indicate that actin polymerization and cytoskeletal remodeling are integral to GDNF-induced cell signaling in dopaminergic cells and define a new role of the actin cytoskeleton in promoting Ret redistribution into lipid rafts.
Providing Personalized Energy Management and Awareness Services for Energy Efficiency in Smart Buildings
Authors: Fotopoulou Eleni , Zafeiropoulos Anastasios , Terroso-Sáenz Fernando , Şimşek Umutcan , González-Vidal Aurora , Tsiolis George , Gouvas Panagiotis , Liapis Paris , Fensel Anna , Skarmeta Antonio
Published: September 2017

Considering that the largest part of end-use energy consumption worldwide is associated with the buildings sector, there is an inherent need for the conceptualization, specification, implementation, and instantiation of novel solutions in smart buildings, able to achieve significant reductions in energy consumption through the adoption of energy efficient techniques and the active engagement of the occupants. Towards the design of such solutions, the identification of the main energy consuming factors, trends, and patterns, along with the appropriate modeling and understanding of the occupants’ behavior and the potential for the adoption of environmentally-friendly lifestyle changes have to be realized. In the current article, an innovative energy-aware information technology (IT) ecosystem is presented, aiming to support the design and development of novel personalized energy management and awareness services that can lead to occupants’ behavioral change towards actions that can have a positive impact on energy efficiency. Novel information and communication technologies (ICT) are exploited towards this direction, related mainly to the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT), data modeling, management and fusion, big data analytics, and personalized recommendation mechanisms. The combination of such technologies has resulted in an open and extensible architectural approach able to exploit in a homogeneous, efficient and scalable way the vast amount of energy, environmental, and behavioral data collected in energy efficiency campaigns and lead to the design of energy management and awareness services targeted to the occupants’ lifestyles. The overall layered architectural approach is detailed, including design and instantiation aspects based on the selection of set of available technologies and tools. Initial results from the usage of the proposed energy aware IT ecosystem in a pilot site at the University of Murcia are presented along with a set of identified open issues for future research.
Patrimoine immatériel japonais, du défilé de char à la corbeille de bambou
Authors: Guichard-Anguis Sylvie
Published: September 2017

Le Japon est le premier pays d’Asie à avoir constitué une législation destinée à protéger son patrimoine culturel. Il a inventé la notion de patrimoine culturel immatériel au début des années 1950 qu’il a ensuite fait admettre par la communauté internationale en 2003 sous la forme d’une convention de l’UNESCO. L’article analyse les conditions de la mise en place de cette législation, son esprit comme les obstacles nombreux surgis à la fin du xx e siècle. La catégorie des biens culturels immatériels se divise fondamentalement en deux : les arts scéniques, d’une part, et l’artisanat et les arts décoratifs, d’autre part. La législation japonaise tente de s’adapter en permanence à un contexte très évolutif. L’accent principal est mis sur la notion de transmission.
Toric ICL Implantation After Sequential Intracorneal Ring Segments Implantation and Corneal Cross-linking in Keratoconus: 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Abdelmassih Youssef , el-Khoury Sylvain , Chelala Elias , Slim Elise , Cherfan Carole G. , Jarade Elias
Published: September 2017

PURPOSE:

To evaluate 6-month and 2-year safety and clinical outcomes of Visian toric Implantable Collamer Lens (toric ICL) (STAAR Surgical, Monrovia, CA) implantation for the treatment of residual refractive errors after sequential intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) insertion and cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus.

METHODS:

This consecutive case series included the results of a three-step ICRS–CXL–toric ICL procedure in 16 eyes of 13 patients with moderate to severe keratoconus (stages II and III of Amsler–Krumeich classification). The ICRS and CXL procedures were performed sequentially with an interval of 4 weeks and the toric ICL implantation was performed at least 6 months after CXL. Data were collected preoperatively, at 6 months after sequential ICRS–CXL, and at 6 and 24 months following toric ICL implantation. All 16 eyes were evaluated at the 2-year follow-up.

RESULTS:

There was a significant decrease in keratometry (steep, flat, and maximum) and refraction (sphere and spherical equivalence, but not cylinder) and a significant increase in both uncorrected (UDVA) (from 1.06 to 0.76 logMAR,
P
= .004) and corrected (CDVA) (from 0.42 to 0.26 logMAR;
P
= .002) distance visual acuity 6 months following sequential ICRS–CXL, whereas UDVA and refraction significantly improved 6 months after ICL insertion (UDVA reached 0.33 logMAR,
P
= .001). At the 24-month follow-up, UDVA and keratometric readings were stable, whereas CDVA, sphere, and cylinder showed a significant improvement.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implantation of Visian toric ICL following sequential ICRS insertion and CXL is an effective and safe option for correcting high residual refractive error and improving visual acuity in patients with moderate to severe keratoconus in the long term.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(9):610–616.]
A Technique to Reduce Incidence of Opaque Bubble Layer Formation During LASIK Flap Creation Using the VisuMax Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Wu Ningling , Christenbury Joseph G. , Dishler Jon G. , Bozkurt Tahir Kansu , Duel Daniel , Zhang Lijun , Hamilton D. Rex
Published: September 2017

PURPOSE:

To identify risk factors for opaque bubble layer (OBL) formation and compare the incidence of OBL using a cone modification technique versus the original technique for LASIK flap creation using the VisuMax laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).

METHODS:

This retrospective study examined videos of flap creation using the VisuMax laser to identify OBL occurrence. Eyes were divided into three groups: eyes where OBL occurred using the original technique (OBL group), eyes where OBL did not occur using the original technique (no OBL group), and eyes in which the cone modification technique was used for LASIK flap creation (larger flap diameter) (cone modification technique group). Preoperative measurements including simulated keratometry (flat and steep) values, white-to-white distance (WTW), pachymetry, patient age and gender, amount of correction, flap parameters, energy setting, corneal hysteresis, and corneal resistance factor were analyzed to identify parameters with statistical difference between the OBL and no OBL groups. Incidence of OBL was compared between the original and cone modification techniques.

RESULTS:

OBL incidence was significantly lower with the cone modification technique (7.6%; 7 of 92 eyes) than with the original technique (28.8%; 34 of 118 eyes) (Fisher's exact test,
P
= .0009). Factors identified with a significant difference between eyes with and without OBL using the original technique were: corneal thickness (OBL: 561.2
μ
m, no OBL: 549.6
μ
m,
P
= .0132), WTW diameter (OBL: 11.6 mm, no OBL: 11.9 mm,
P
= .0048), corneal resistance factor (OBL: 10.4 mm Hg, no OBL: 9.6 mm Hg,
P
= 0.0329), and corneal astigmatism (OBL: 0.80 diopter, no OBL: 1.00 diopter,
P
= .0472)

CONCLUSIONS:

Less astigmatic, thicker, denser, and smaller corneas increased the risk of OBL using the original technique for flap creation. The cone modification technique was associated with lower risk of OBL formation, even in eyes with significant risk factors for OBL using the original technique.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(9):584–590.]
Examining Play Counts and Measurements of Injury Incidence in Youth Football
Authors: Kerr Zachary Y. , Yeargin Susan W. , Djoko Aristarque , Dalton Sara L. , Baker Melissa M. , Dompier Thomas P.
Published: September 2017

Context: 

Whereas researchers have provided estimates for the number of head impacts sustained within a youth football season, less is known about the number of plays across which such impact exposure occurs.

Objective: 

To estimate the number of plays in which youth football players participated during the 2013 season and to estimate injury incidence through play-based injury rates.

Design: 

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting: 

Youth football.

Patients or Other Participants: 

Youth football players (N = 2098; age range, 5−15 years) from 105 teams in 12 recreational leagues across 6 states.

Main Outcome Measure(s): 

We calculated the average number of athlete-plays per season and per game using independent-samples t tests to compare age groups (5–10 years old versus 11–15 years old) and squad sizes (<20 versus ≥20 players); game injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) and per 10 000 athlete-plays; and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare age groups.

Results: 

On average, youth football players participated in 333.9 ± 178.5 plays per season and 43.9 ± 24.0 plays per game. Age groups (5- to 10-year-olds versus 11- to 15-year-olds) did not differ in the average number of plays per season (335.8 versus 332.3, respectively; t2086.4 = 0.45, P = .65) or per game (44.1 versus 43.7, respectively; t2092.3 = 0.38, P = .71). However, players from smaller teams participated in more plays per season (373.7 versus 308.0; t1611.4 = 8.15, P < .001) and per game (47.7 versus 41.4; t1523.5 = 5.67, P < .001). Older players had a greater game injury rate than younger players when injury rates were calculated per 1000 AEs (23.03 versus 17.86/1000 AEs; IRR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.60) or per 10 000 athlete-plays (5.30 versus 4.18/10 000 athlete-plays; IRR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.57).

Conclusions: 

A larger squad size was associated with a lower average number of plays per season and per game. Increasing youth football squad sizes may help reduce head-impact exposure for individual players. The AE-based injury rates yielded effect estimates similar to those of play-based injury rates.
Phonologically based assessment and intervention in Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A case analysis
Authors: Crary Michael A. , Comeau Suzanne
Published: September 2017

The articulation errors of one adult subject demonstrating a spastic variety of congenital cerebral palsy were evaluated via a phonological process analysis. This analysis indicated that a stopping process (replacement of fricatives with homorganic stops) was the most detrimental to the subject's, intelligibility. Subsequent to this analysis a phonemic contrasting programme was initiated toward the goal of minimizing the influence of the stopping process. Results of  spontaneous speech sample analyses indicated that this approach was successful in increasing the percentage of correctly produced fricative patterns. Success in this case suggests the applicability of  a linguistically based intervention approach in structural/functional disturbances of speech articulation.
The acquisition of some dimensional adjectives by both normal and language-impaired children
Authors: Wright Susan G.
Published: September 2017

The main aim of this study was to assess various predictions made by H. and E. Clark with respect to the acquisition of certain dimensional adjectives. In addition, the performance of children with impaired language skills was compared with that of children with normally developing language. Eighteen subjects in the age range 3,3 to 4 years were divided into two groups; those with adequate language (C group) and those with impaired language (E group). The dimensional adjective pairs of  "length", "tallness" and "width" were investigated on comprehension tasks of increasing dimensionality. A qualitative analysis of  the data, for  both C and Ε groups, revealed findings supporting the predictions concerning the order of dimensional adjective acquisition in terms of semantic complexity, the acquisition of  the unmarked pair member before the marked member, and the acquisition of the concept of polarity before dimensionality. A quantitative analysis of  the data revealed significant  differences between the C and Ε groups on a few tasks only. Implications for the researcher and speech therapist are considered.
Remote Assistance for Elderly to Find Hidden Objects in a Kitchen
Authors: Asghar Zeeshan , Keranen Niina , Yamamoto Goshiro , Taketomi Takafumi , Sandor Christian , Kato Hirokazu , Pulli Petri
Published: September 2017

We present a design and preliminary evaluation of novel visual guidance of a remote assistive system for the elderly to find hidden objects in a kitchen. Our system has two essential functions; 1) to update a list and corresponding location information of objects concealed in a shelf with at all times, and 2) to display images and texts about the objects on the corresponding area of the door of the shelf. We aim to realize assistive visual guidance to elderly for overcoming the deficits of initiation, planning, attention and memory deficits while performing kitchen-based activities of daily living such as finding items for cooking. In this study, we focus on hidden objects because there is an increased possibility for the elderly with cognitive impairments to forget where and what the object is due to the non-visibility. The paper shows the prototype system that uses RFID and projection technology. We conducted a user study with twelve elderly participants to evaluate the usability of the system using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Additionally, we also investigate the acceptability of the system by applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The results demonstrate that the elderly participants found the system useful and easy to use. Finally, we conclude that a remote assistive system can be used to assist elderly to storing and retrieving objects from cabinet and shelves during a kitchen task but need more studies to make the system more efficient and effective.
Degrees of Regular Sequences With a Symmetric Group Action
Authors: Galetto Federico , Geramita Anthony Vito , Wehlau David Louis
Published: September 2017

We consider ideals in a polynomial ring that are generated by regular sequences of homogeneous polynomials and are stable under the action of the symmetric group permuting the variables. In previous work, we determined the possible isomorphism types for these ideals. Following up on that work, we now analyze the possible degrees of the elements in such regular sequences. For each case of our classification, we provide some criteria guaranteeing the existence of regular sequences in certain degrees.
Efficient Preconditioner and Iterative Method for Large Complex Symmetric Linear Algebraic Systems
Authors: Liao Li Dan , Zhang Guo Feng
Published: September 2017

We discuss an efficient preconditioner and iterative numerical method to solve large complex linear algebraic systems of the form (W + iT)u = c, where W and T are symmetric matrices, and at least one of them is nonsingular. When the real part W is dominantly stronger or weaker than the imaginary part T, we propose a block multiplicative (BM) preconditioner or its variant (VBM), respectively. The BM and VBM preconditioned iteration methods are shown to be parameter-free, in terms of eigenvalue distributions of the preconditioned matrix. Furthermore, when the relationship between W and T is obscure, we propose a new preconditioned BM method (PBM) to overcome this difficulty. Both convergent properties of these new iteration methods and spectral properties of the corresponding preconditioned matrices are discussed. The optimal value of iteration parameter for the PBM method is determined. Numerical experiments involving the Helmholtz equation and some other applications show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed preconditioners and corresponding iterative methods.
Pigment dispersion syndrome with possible visual field loss (in Norwegian)
Authors: Svarverud Ellen
Published: September 2017

Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is a condition of the anterior segment of the eye characterised by pigment deposition on a number of ocular structures. The condition is usually bilateral but most commonly asymmetric. In PDS, pigment is released from the posterior surface of the iris due to friction between the zonules and the iris. In itself, the condition does not represent any problems for the patient, but pigment deposition in the trabecular meshwork may interfere with drainage of the anterior chamber fluid and cause pigmentary glaucoma (PG). This case report presents a young myopic female with many of the classic signs of PDS; Krukenberg’s spindle, transillumination of mid-peripheral iris, deep anterior chambers, concave iris profile and increased pigmentation in the trabecular meshwork. Various diagnostic methods were applied to reveal clinical signs and to establish the patient’s visual function. Optic nerve heads and intraocular pressure were normal, but visual fields were suspect. The patient was advised to make an appointment with an ophthalmologist. Risk factors for development of PG and management of patients with PDS will be discussed.
Correlates of Effective Instructional Supervision in Bayelsa State Secondary Schools
Authors: Felix Omemu
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the correlates of effective instructional supervision in secondary schools inBayelsa State. A critical examination of all the policies and personnel put in place by the government to achieve theaim of supervision of instruction in secondary school in Bayelsa State were elucidated. The study involved empiricaldesign with the stratified population of fifteen (15) secondary schools, comprising three hundred (300) teachers andsixty (60) supervisors (Principals) randomly selected from three geo-political zones (Sub divided into: Riverine,Upland and Midland). The research instrument used for the study was rating scale consisting of five (3) researchquestions. The analysis involved the use of mean and standard deviation, why the hypotheses were analyzed usingZ-test at 0.05 level of significance.The results of the analysis indicated that: demography, status/personality and perceptions are not a major factor thatinfluences supervision of instruction in schools, but quality and number of teachers, incentives and motivation,quality and number of supervisors, and school location are the correlates factors that influence supervision ofinstruction in schools. Conclusively, the researcher recommends that supervision is very important for effectiveinstruction in secondary schools and that government should provide all it takes to motivate teachers as to enhanceregulation of supervision of instruction.
Teaching Practices, School Support and Bullying
Authors: Reyes Rodríguez Ana Carolina , Vera Noriega José Angel , Valdés Cuervo Angel Alberto
Published: September 2017

Research in recent years indicates that schools, and in particular teaching practices, play an essential role in preventing bullying. This study’s aim is to investigate the direct and indirect relationships between permissive and direct intervention teacher practices, school support and bullying. In a non-probabilistic way, 386 (58.1%) boys and 278 (41.9%) girls from 30 primary schools were selected in a city in the northwest of Mexico. The average age of students was 10.4 years (SD = 1.3 years). From the results of the calculation of a model of structural equations, it is inferred that permissive teaching practices are directly related positively to bullying, whereas direct intervention does it in a negatively. It is seen that both types of practices are indirectly related to bullying through its effects on school support. These findings confirm the role of the teacher in the prevention of bullying.