bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability and the Theodicy of Defeat
Authors: Cobb Aaron D. , Timpe Kevin
Published: June 2018

Marilyn McCord Adams argues that God’s goodness to individuals requires God to defeat horrendous evils; it is not enough for God to outweigh these evils through compensatory goods. On her view, God defeats the evils experienced by an individual if and only if God’s goodness to the individual enables her to integrate the evil organically into a unified life story she perceives as good and meaningful. In this essay, we seek to apply Adams’s theodicy of defeat to a particular form of suffering. We argue that God’s goodness to individuals requires that God defeat the suffering to which a range of disabilities can give rise.
AT Annual Lecture: "Sin and Desire in Analytic Theology: A Return to Genesis 3"
Authors: Coakley Sarah
Published: June 2018

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Mission Impossible? A Reply to Hud Hudson
Authors: Madueme Hans
Published: June 2018

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Science, Skepticism, Scripture, and Supertasks: Replies to Torrance, Deng, Madueme, Goldschmidt and Lebens
Authors: Hudson Hud
Published: June 2018

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R.T. Mullins. The End of the Timeless God
Authors: Helm Paul
Published: June 2018

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Michael Rota. Taking Pascal’s Wager: Faith, Evidence and the Abundant Life
Authors: Jordan Jeff
Published: June 2018

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William Wainwright. Reason, Revelation and Devotion: Inference and Argument in Religion
Authors: Kaldas Samuel Michael
Published: June 2018

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Silvia Jonas. Ineffability and its Metaphysics: The Unspeakable in Art, Religion and Philosophy
Authors: Yadav Sameer
Published: June 2018

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An optimal and progressive approach to online search of top-k influential communities
Authors: Bi Fei , Chang Lijun , Lin Xuemin , Zhang Wenjie
Published: June 2018

Community search over large graphs is a fundamental problem in graph analysis. Recent studies propose to compute top-
k
influential communities, where each reported community not only is a cohesive subgraph but also has a high influence value. The existing approaches to the problem of top-
k
influential community search can be categorized as index-based algorithms and online search algorithms without indexes. The index-based algorithms, although being very efficient in conducting community searches, need to pre-compute a special-purpose index and only work for one built-in vertex weight vector. In this paper, we investigate online search approaches and propose an
instance-optimal
algorithm LocalSearch whose time complexity is linearly proportional to the size of the smallest subgraph that a correct algorithm needs to access without indexes. In addition, we also propose techniques to make LocalSearch
progressively
compute and report the communities in decreasing influence value order such that
k
does not need to be specified. Moreover, we extend our framework to the general case of top-
k
influential community search regarding other cohesiveness measures. Extensive empirical studies on real graphs demonstrate that our algorithms outperform the existing online search algorithms by several orders of magnitude.
Scalable semantic querying of text
Authors: Wang Xiaolan , Feng Aaron , Golshan Behzad , Halevy Alon , Mihaila George , Oiwa Hidekazu , Tan Wang-Chiew
Published: June 2018

We present the Koko system that takes declarative information extraction to a new level by incorporating advances in natural language processing techniques in its extraction language. K
oko
is novel in that its extraction language simultaneously supports conditions on the surface of the text and on the structure of the dependency parse tree of sentences, thereby allowing for more refined extractions. K
oko
also supports conditions that are forgiving to linguistic variation of expressing concepts and allows to aggregate evidence from the entire document in order to filter extractions.

To scale up, K
oko
exploits a multi-indexing scheme and heuristics for efficient extractions. We extensively evaluate K
oko
over publicly available text corpora. We show that K
oko
indices take up the smallest amount of space, are notably faster and more effective than a number of prior indexing schemes. Finally, we demonstrate K
oko
's scalability on a corpus of 5 million Wikipedia articles.
The Vadalog system
Authors: Bellomarini Luigi , Sallinger Emanuel , Gottlob Georg
Published: June 2018

Over the past years, there has been a resurgence of Datalog-based systems in the database community as well as in industry. In this context, it has been recognized that to handle the complex knowledge-based scenarios encountered today, such as reasoning over large knowledge graphs, Datalog has to be extended with features such as existential quantification. Yet, Datalog-based reasoning in the presence of existential quantification is in general undecidable. Many efforts have been made to define decidable fragments. Warded Datalog+/- is a very promising one, as it captures PTIME complexity while allowing ontological reasoning. Yet so far, no implementation of Warded Datalog+/- was available. In this paper we present the Vadalog system, a Datalog-based system for performing complex logic reasoning tasks, such as those required in advanced knowledge graphs. The Vadalog system is Oxford's contribution to the VADA research programme, a joint effort of the universities of Oxford, Manchester and Edinburgh and around 20 industrial partners. As the main contribution of this paper, we illustrate the first implementation of Warded Datalog+/-, a high-performance Datalog+/- system utilizing an aggressive termination control strategy. We also provide a comprehensive experimental evaluation.
Noticeable network delay minimization via node upgrades
Authors: Medya Sourav , Ranu Sayan , Vachery Jithin , Singh Ambuj
Published: June 2018

In several domains, the flow of data is governed by an underlying network. Reduction of delays in end-to-end data flow is an important network optimization task. Reduced delays enable shorter travel times for vehicles in road networks, faster information flow in social networks, and increased rate of packets in communication networks. While techniques for network delay minimization have been proposed, they fail to provide any
noticeable
reduction in individual data flows. Furthermore, they treat all nodes as equally important, which is often not the case in real-world networks. In this paper, we incorporate these practical aspects and propose a network design problem where the goal is to perform
k
network upgrades such that it maximizes the number of flows in the network with a
noticeable
reduction in delay. We show that the problem is NP-hard, APX-hard, and non-submodular. We overcome these computational challenges by designing an
importance sampling
based algorithm with provable quality guarantees. Through extensive experiments on real and synthetic data sets, we establish that importance sampling imparts up to 1000 times speed-up over the greedy approach, and provides up to 70 times the improvement achieved by the state-of-the-art technique.
Digital media, youth practices and representations of recent activism in Portugal
Authors: Campos Ricardo , Simões José Alberto , Pereira Inês
Published: June 2018

In recent years we have witnessed in several countries the rise of new and unexpected forms of collective mobilization and activism. The main goal of this article is to discuss the role played by digital devices and online platforms in how activism is currently being represented and practiced by young people. Our reflection is empirically grounded on a recent exploratory research project carried out in Portugal. This project, using an array of qualitative methods (ethnographic observation, in-depth interviews, etc.), had as its main purpose to explore young people’s digital activism. In this article we will discuss this project’s findings, analyzing not only the uses of digital media within a set of activist practices, but also the social representations built around this issue by different social actors participating in several activist groups.
Improving the self-efficacy of teachers in schools: results of health promotion program
Authors: Farokhzadian Jamileh , Sabzi Amirreza , Mangolian Shahrbabaki Parvin
Published: June 2018

Background

In order to effectively facilitate behavior change, it is essential to conduct health promotion programs on self-efficacy. Given the importance of the role of teachers in fostering the next generation, it appears that the promotion of self-efficacy in them can greatly contribute to the health of the community. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a health promotion training workshop on self-efficacy for health practices and also, on general self-efficacy of teachers in schools.

Methods

This study was a quasi-experimental study, in which 120 teachers were selected by random sampling and randomly divided into two equal intervention and control groups (60 in each group). A health promotion training workshop was conducted for the intervention group. Data were collected by a three-section questionnaire (demographic, self-rated ability for health practices scale and general self-efficacy) before and 1 month after the training intervention.

Results

The self-efficacy scores for health practices and general self-efficacy were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). However, participants in the intervention group reported higher scores on both the self-efficacy for health practices (t = 4.05, p = 0.001) and general self-efficacy (t = 2.92, p = 0.004) compared to those in the control group one month after the intervention.

Conclusion

The health promotion training program had improving effects on the self-efficacy for health practices and general self-efficacy. This program was potentially a valid community health nursing intervention that can be presented and evaluated in various community settings.
Effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal behavior in the third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Kanenishi Kenji , AboEllail Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa , Mori Nobuhiro , Koyano Kosuke , Kato Ikuko , Kusaka Takashi
Published: June 2018

Aim:

To assess the effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal behavior using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Methods:

Fetal behavior was assessed using Kurjak’s antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) using 4D ultrasound between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Thirty healthy (control group) and 10 psychotropic-drug-administered pregnant (case group) women were studied. The total value of the KANET score and values of each parameter (eight parameters) were compared between the two groups.

Results:

The total KANET score was normal (except for one fetus in the case group: total score of 9) in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the total KANET score. When individual KANET parameters were compared, no significant differences were noted in any of the eight parameters.

Conclusion:

Our results showed that there is no difference in fetal behavior between fetuses of normal pregnant women and those of psychotropic-drug-administered pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. These results suggest that psychotropic drugs may not affect fetal behavioral development in utero. However, the data and their interpretation in the present study should be taken with some degree of caution because of the small number of subjects studied. Further studies involving a larger sample size are needed to assess the effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal neurobehavior during pregnancy.
Experimental Investigation of Unsteady Characteristics in a Single-Channel Pump
Authors: Tan Minggao , Feng Jinsheng , Liu Houlin , Ding Jian , Zhu Zhipeng
Published: June 2018

Single-channel pumps are a specific type of centrifugal pump that is widely used in the sewage treatment of raw wastewater and effluent pumping applications. In single-channel pumps, the rotor–stator interactions may generate unbalanced pressures that change during one impeller revolution. A specific experiment rig was constructed to investigate the unsteady characteristics synchronously, including energy performance, head pulsation, pressure pulsation, and radial force. It was found that the difference between the maximum and minimum head was greater than 5 m under all flow rates during a rotation period. With the increase of the flow rate, the head reached its minimum value slowly and achieved its maximum value more quickly. The static pressure distribution at the impeller outlet was the most uniform at 1.0Qd. The high-pressure region located initially downstream of the tongue gradually moved toward the upstream end of the tongue with an increase in the flow rate. When the blade outlet goes through the tongue, the pressure pulsation appears at its peak at the eighth cross section of the volute. The peak position moves toward the upstream with the rotation of the impeller. In the single-channel pumps, the absolute pressure pulsation achieved its peak at the blade passing frequency, and the pressure pulsation amplitude for fBPF varied gradually with an increase in the flow rate. The radial force reached a minimum value near the optimal efficiency point and its direction was mostly downstream of the tongue. To meet the hydraulic balance of the impeller, it was suggested that a balance piece be adapted to counteract the radial force.
New Design Method of Asphalt Mixtures Considering Uncertainty
Authors: Easa Said M.
Published: June 2018

The existing methods of asphalt mixture design are deterministic and rely only on the means of design parameters, such as unit weight and volumetric properties. This article presents a new design method of asphalt mixtures that considers the uncertainties of the measured properties and the calculated design parameters, represented by the coefficient of variation (CV). The uncertainties of the measured properties (typically CV < 1 %) propagate through the calculations and could result in high uncertainties in the calculated design parameters (e.g., CV > 40 %) that make them unreliable. The proposed method is developed in the context of the Marshall mix-design method and is applicable to the Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements method with minor modifications. The Taylor series expansion was used to develop the moments (mean and standard deviation) and CV of the calculated design parameters. The developed formulas were verified using Monte Carlo simulation. Criteria for sample acceptance are then presented based on the uncertainties of the design parameters. The uncertainty information is then used to establish confidence intervals for the design parameters, determine the optimum asphalt content, and compare the results with project specifications. Sensitivity analysis of the mix-design parameters is conducted, and practical implications are discussed. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The proposed method takes the design of asphalt mixtures one step further toward a reliable performance-based design. As such, the method should be of interest to pavement engineers and practitioners.
Performance of the Variable Parameters X¯ Control Chart in Presence of Measurement Errors
Authors: Sabahno Hamed , Amiri Amirhossein , Castagliola Philippe
Published: June 2018

In this article, we investigate the effect of measurement errors on the performance of the VP (Variable Parameters) X¯ control chart. After introducing the VP scheme for the X¯ chart with measurement errors, we evaluate the chart performance by using the average time to signal criterion, and we investigate the effect of measurement errors on the chart’s performance through extensive numerical studies. In addition, we investigate the effect of multiple measurements and the value of the linearly covariate error model’s parameters on the performance of VP X¯ control chart. We also consider the overall performance of the VP X¯ control chart and the optimal design parameters. Finally, the application of the proposed scheme is shown through an illustrative example.
The Chilling Effect
Authors: Rimmer Matthew
Published: June 2018

Investor-State Dispute Settlement (‘ISDS’) poses significant challenges in respect of tobacco control, public health, human rights, and sustainable development. Two landmark ISDS rulings provide procedural and substantive guidance on the interaction between ISDS and tobacco control. The ISDS action by Philip Morris against Uruguay in respect to graphic health warnings raised important procedural and substantive issues. The ISDS matter between Philip Morris and Australia over the plain packaging of tobacco products highlighted matters in respect of abuse of process. In the Trans-Pacific Partnership, there was a special exclusion for tobacco control measures in respect of ISDS. There was also a larger discussion about the role of general public health exceptions. In the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, there was a debate about the application of ISDS to intellectual property rights. In the European Union, there has been discussion of the creation of an international investment court. In the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement, there has even been calls to abolish ISDS clauses altogether from both Republicans and Democrats. This article concludes there is a need to protect tobacco control measures implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 2013 from further investor and trade challenges.
NOTAS SOBRE RELIGIOSIDADES POPULARES NO RECÔNCAVO
Authors: Conceição Alaíze Santos
Published: June 2018

O Recôncavo baiano, conhecido pela diversidade cultural proveniente das contribuições das populações negras, indígenas e européias, foi palco de intensos capítulos da colonização brasileira, deixando como legado histórico imbricamentos de crenças, ritos e signos materializados em forma de devoções. Nesse sentido, o estudo visa elucidar, a partir das práticas cotidianas dos indivíduos, elementos das religiosidades das populações que ali habitaram e que contribuíram para a confluência de culturas. A utilização metodológica das fontes orais possibilitou acessar memórias de grupos privados de uma educação formal, em grande escala, não-alfabetizados. Além da baixa escolaridade, as memórias dos mais velhos, representam a “conservação de viveres e saberes” provenientes de trajetórias de vida e experiências compartilhadas no âmbito das religiosidades.
RESISTÊNCIAS AO MOVIMENTO PENTECOSTAL EM CAMPANHA – MG POR UM PERIÓDICO CATÓLICO
Authors: Mariano Adenylson Domingues
Published: June 2018

O artigo propõe discutir textos publicados no jornal católico “Voz Diocesana” da cidade de Campanha – MG, em que se tecem críticas ao pentecostalismo. Nesse momento, o movimento protestante se expandia na cidade com a criação da Assembleia de Deus em 1954. Analisando textos de autoria clerical publicados no periódico entre 1950 e 1960 e depoimentos de indivíduos ligados ao movimento protestante, percebe-se sinais de resistências e intolerâncias religiosas e políticas.
Entre sombras e distorções – A República de Weimar em O Gabinete do Dr. Caligari
Authors: Veras Carlos Cesar de Lima
Published: June 2018

A República de Weimar, ao longo de pouco mais de uma década de existência, foi palco de tensões e do ressurgimento do autoritarismo, que culminaria na ascensão dos nazistas ao poder. Apesar da breve existência, a república deixou significativas heranças culturais, dentre as quais o Expressionismo Alemão no cinema. E, partindo do pressuposto do filme ser uma “imagem-objeto” que carrega em si elementos de seu presente, mesmo que nem sempre de forma intencional, muitos dos filmes produzidos em Weimar podem servir de ferramenta ao historiador que busque compreender as tensões e ambiguidades que marcaram a República. O objeto analisado deste artigo, o filme O Gabinete do Dr. Caligari, é um exemplo disto, tanto por ser um dos principais filmes de Weimar, como também pela complexidade dos elementos que carrega.
Dossiê: História e Imagem
Authors: Gonçalves Mariana Couto
Published: June 2018

Apresentação do Dossiê: História e Imagem
Daniel Cohen, Le monde est clos et le désir infini, Albin Michel, 2015, 224p.
Authors: Diallo Thierno
Published: June 2018

Daniel Cohen, Le monde est clos et le désir infini, Albin Michel, 2015, 224 p.
La gouvernance d’entreprise au Canada : un domaine en transition
Authors: Latrous Imen , Morency Marc-André , Ouedraogo Salmata , Simard Jeanne
Published: June 2018

De nombreux chercheurs ont mis en évidence les aspects et conséquences discutables de certaines conceptions financières ou théories de l’organisation. C’est le cas de la théorie de l’agence, conception particulièrement influente depuis une quarantaine d’années, qui a pour effet de justifier une gouvernance de l’entreprise vouée à maximiser la valeur aux actionnaires au détriment des autres parties prenantes. Cette idéologie de gouvernance justifie de rémunérer les managers, présumés négliger ordinairement les détenteurs d’actions, avec des stock-options, des salaires démesurés. Ce primat accordé à la valeur à court terme des actions relève d’une vision dans laquelle les raisons financières se voient attribuer un rôle prééminent dans la détermination des objectifs et des moyens d’action, de régulation et de dérégulation des entreprises. Cet article se propose de rappeler les éléments centraux de ce modèle de gouvernance et de voir quelles critiques lui sont adressées par des disciplines aussi diverses que l’économie, la finance, le droit et la sociologie.
Rémunération et congédiement des entraîneurs-chefs sur la performance d’équipes de sport professionnel : cas de la Ligue nationale de hockey (LNH)
Authors: Bousquet Julien , Diallo Thierno
Published: June 2018

L’identification des déterminants de la performance dans les sports professionnels permet aux gestionnaires de prendre des décisions opportunes pour atteindre de manière plus efficace les objectifs assignés. La présente recherche vise à mesurer la relation entre la performance des équipes de la LNH d’une part et, d’autre part, la rémunération des entraîneurs-chefs et leur congédiement. Les résultats issus du traitement des données secondaires nous permettent de dresser plusieurs constats. Par exemple, la performance des équipes de la LNH est corrélée négativement, mais non significativement avec le salaire des entraîneurs-chefs. De plus, le congédiement de l’entraîneur-chef a quant à lui un impact significatif sur la performance de l’équipe à moyen terme. Ces résultats nous démontrent que les entraîneurs-chefs les mieux payés sont souvent engagés pour remonter les moins bonnes équipes.
Cohabitation de la structure organisationnelle fonctionnelle avec la structure dite de « projet » : identification des meilleures pratiques de gestion
Authors: Gélinas Jocelyne
Published: June 2018

Les entreprises qui désirent bénéficier des avantages d’une structure par projet tout en préservant la structure fonctionnelle en place, font face à la très grande difficulté et complexité de gérer la cohabitation de ces deux organisations et de leurs activités respectives. Cette étude a pour objectif l’identification des meilleures pratiques de gestion nécessaires à l’intégration des activités d’un projet de développement de produit, à celles associées aux départements de l’entreprise qui sont concernés par le projet. Plusieurs pratiques de gestion ont émergé des données, pratiques que nous avons regroupées sous cinq dimensions distinctes, mais susceptibles d’être complémentaires. Ces dimensions sont : le partage des responsabilités relatives au projet, la légitimité de la participation des membres au projet, la présence des membres de la haute direction tout au long du projet, l’application de la notion de client à l’interne, la flexibilité du contexte organisationnel. La principale contribution scientifique de cette étude est la mise en lumière des meilleures pratiques de gestion à mettre en place pour faciliter la cohabitation de deux structures organisationnelles, diamétralement opposées dans leur culture et la logique de leur fonctionnement. Les implications de ces résultats pour la recherche future sont discutées.
Nostalgie 2.0
Authors: Hallegatte Damien
Published: June 2018

Les 30 dernières années de recherches sur la nostalgie, en marketing d’abord et en psychologie ensuite, ont considérablement fait avancer les connaissances sur cette émotion fascinante qui se trouve au coeur de nos vies personnelles, et dorénavant de notre vie collective. Cependant, cinq éléments se doivent encore d’être éclaircis : la nature même de la nostalgie comme émotion liée à un passé heureux et non comme préférence pour les choses du passé; la différence entre l’ancienneté perçue d’un objet et la nostalgie éventuelle d’un individu pour l’objet ancien; la distinction entre la propension à la nostalgie et la croyance au déclin; la distinction entre les dimensions spécifique et globale de la croyance au déclin; ainsi que le lien entre l’âge et la nostalgie. Cet article propose des raffinements et des changements conceptuels sur les quatre premiers éléments, grâce à des arguments théoriques et deux études quantitatives, ainsi que l’examen du lien entre l’âge et la nostalgie. Avant cela, nous offrons un résumé survolant plus de 300 ans d’histoire du concept de nostalgie. Les résultats de cette recherche nous amènent à conclure que l’expression « la nostalgie n’est plus ce qu’elle était » n’est pas un simple aphorisme, mais qu’elle décrit la réalité de ce concept au 21e siècle.
Le marketing : les actions stratégiques les plus modifiées chez les PME moyennement expérimentées (MEXTN) et expérimentées (EXTN) en période de turbulence négative (2007-2010)
Authors: Plourde Lise , Gagnon Thierry , Dussault Louis
Published: June 2018

L’élaboration d’un indice global des fonctions de l’entreprise (marketing, opération, ressources humaines, managériale et financière) nous a indiqué que la fonction la plus modifiée par les entreprises moyennement expérimentées (MEX) et expérimentées (EX) en période de turbulence négative (2007–2010) est le marketing. Cet élément s’explique principalement par les efforts marketing fournis par ces entreprises. Les groupes MEXTN et EXTN ont réalisé plus de démarches auprès de partenaires d’affaires afin d’identifier de nouveaux projets. Elles ont également présenté à leur clientèle de nouveaux produits ou services en plus forte proportion et ont orienté davantage la promotion de leurs produits et services vers de nouvelles clientèles. Bref, qu’elles soient MEX ou EX, leurs actions stratégiques sur le plan de la fonction marketing ont été plus actives en contexte de turbulence négative.
Vers une simplification du système fiscal?
Authors: Bélanger Éric , Tremblay Marie-Eve
Published: June 2018

Il est généralement admis que les lois fiscales entrent dans la catégorie des lois les plus complexes à lire. Les auteurs illustreront cette complexité avec des exemples simples que les non-initiés peuvent aisément comprendre. Ils salueront quelques initiatives récentes de simplification et entameront une réflexion sur les difficultés de simplifier le système actuel, bien que cela soit souhaitable.
A male with multiple cardiac masses
Authors: Indrabhinduwat Manasawee , Arciniegas Calle Maria C. , Colgan Joseph P. , Villarraga Hector R.
Published: June 2018

Thirty-seven-year-old male presented with cough, dyspnea, significant weight loss (20 kg) and subacute fever for the past 2 months. Physical examination revealed inspiratory and expiratory wheezing bilaterally. A normal S1, S2 and a 3/6 systolic ejection murmur at the left upper parasternal border with respiratory variation were found during cardiac auscultation. Kidney and bone marrow biopsy reported a high-grade B-cell lymphoma. Echocardiography and cardiac CT findings consisted of multiple intracardiac masses affecting the right ventricular (RV) outflow track, RV apex, medial portion of the right atrium and posterior left atrium, as well as mild impairment of the RV systolic function. The masses in the RV outflow track caused partial obstruction (pulmonary valve peak velocity 2.3 m/s) with a RV systolic pressure of 43 mmHg. The infiltrative mass in the interatrial septum extended into both the right and left atrial cavities. The right superior pulmonary vein was occluded. This patient was treated with aggressive chemotherapy and had a good clinical response that resulted in mass size reduction after the first course of chemotherapy. Multimodality imaging techniques such as echocardiography, cardiac CT and PET scan can provide complementary information to better evaluate, stage and manage these patients.
Visiones y tensiones sobre el debate de los transgénicos en el Ecuador
Authors: Bravo Elizabeth
Published: June 2018

Desde que se declaró al Ecuador libre de transgénicos, se ha desatado en el país un debate muy polarizado entre quienes defienden esta declaración y los que defienden la aplicación de la biotecnología en el agro. Este debate ha incluido a distintos sectores de la sociedad, incluyendo la academia, las organizaciones campesinas, de público consumidor y el propio Estado. Este artículo recoge las principales narrativas que surgen en torno a esta problemática, especialmente durante los años, cuando el presidente de la República hizo un llamado a la sociedad, especialmente académica a pronunciarse sobre el tema.
A Democracia Socialmente Modificada: As ONGs e a mobilização contra os Transgênicos no Brasil nos anos 90
Authors: Martins Botelho Ronaldo
Published: June 2018

Nesse artigo, relacionamos o Participacionismo e o Minimalismo, dois paradigmas democráticos contemporâneos, com as vigentes transformações nas economias capitalistas. Com base nisso, analisamos o papel do Terceiro Setor na mobilização social contra a liberação comercial dos transgênicos1 no Brasil. O estudo se detém entre 1998 e 2001, ano em que o MPF/DF suspende as autorizações indiscriminadas para o cultivo de OGMs no País, e privilegia o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, o qual consideramos pioneiro na mobilização contra os transgênicos. Como suporte teórico, adotamos Joseph SHUMPETER e outros três autores contemporâneos: Atílio BORÓN, José NUN e Bob JESSOP.
Entre la legalidad e ilegalidad de los cultivos de coca en Colombia: Realidades desde el corregimiento de El Plateado, municipio de Argelia Cauca
Authors: Arboleda Suarez Denis Antonio
Published: June 2018

El siguiente artículo es parte de los resultados de una investigación realizada en el marco de la tesis de Maestría en Desarrollo Comunitario Sustentable de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, titulada Identidades, proyectos de vida y participación comunitaria de jóvenes en el corregimiento de El Plateado, municipio de Argelia Cauca –Colombia. En el documento, en primera instancia se hace una breve descripción de los aspectos metodológicos utilizados en campo durante la fase de indagación; seguido, se presenta un rápido recorrido sobre los antecedentes históricos de los cultivos de uso ilícito en Colombia, en especial los relacionados con el cultivo de coca. Posteriormente, se realiza una contextualización frente a los sucesos históricos de la fundación del corregimiento de El Plateado, para luego adentrarse en los acontecimientos históricos de la llegada, establecimiento y expansión de los cultivos de coca en el escenario local. Finalmente se discute frente a los cambios socioculturales sucedidos en el corregimiento, por causa del desarrollo de una economía catalogada como ilícita por el Estado y se efectúan algunos comentarios finales frente a lo ilícito y la importancia de la historia local como espacio para la reconstrucción de la memoria colectiva.
Quantificação dos descritores de variedades de soja indicadas para cultivo no Rio Grande do Sul, ano agrícola 2015/2016
Authors: Cecchin Silveira Diógenes , Bonetti Luiz Pedro , Copetti Cereser Thiago José , Flores Ceccon Rocheli , Feijó faccioli Mogar Waihrich
Published: June 2018

A soja é a mais importante oleaginosa cultivada no mundo e uma das principais commodities agrícolas do Brasil, onde representa 49% da área plantada no país. É uma leguminosa originária do sudoeste asiático, mais precisamente da China. No Rio Grande do Sul constam em registros que 1900 tenha sido o ano primeiro do seu cultivo, porém a difusão exponencial de sua presença na agricultura gaúcha foi alcançada somente a partir dos não 1960. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a distribuição quantitativa e percentual das características fenológicas predominantes nos genótipos de soja indicados pela pesquisa para cultivo no Rio Grande do Sul, no ano agrícola 2015/2016. De acordo com os dados obtidos no presente estudo, foi possível determinar-se que há uma distribuição diversificada das caraterísticas fenológicas dos genótipos indicados para cultivo no Estado, na safra agrícola tratada. Observou-se ainda que os obtentores de soja na região abrangida pelo presente trabalho vêm buscando cultivares de ciclo médio, com plantas de porte médio e hábito de crescimento indeterminado
El mercado institucional de centros de educación pública para productos orgánicos en Costa Rica
Authors: Soto Padilla Carlos
Published: June 2018

La agricultura orgánica en Costa Rica no ha logrado perfilarse como una actividad productiva viable y rentable para la pequeña producción agropecuaria dentro de una estrategia de desarrollo rural, a falta de voluntad política de los gobiernos y la inexistencia de mercados nacionales asequibles, que consideren las limitaciones organizativas, empresariales y comerciales que caracterizan a las organizaciones de pequeños productores orgánicos. Este postulado motivó la investigación sobre mercados alternativos existentes para estos productos en el ámbito nacional, y la realización de un piloto comercial a partir de sus hallazgos, entre la Asociación de Productores Orgánicos de la Zona Norte de Cartago (APROZONOC) y el Liceo Experimental Bilingüe José Figueres Ferrer, en la perspectiva de una activa y efectiva participación de ambos actores, fundamentado en el enfoque de desarrollo denominado “desde abajo y desde adentro”, contrapuesto a los enfoques de desarrollo “desde afuera y desde arriba”, históricamente implementados en América Latina, y fracasados en su objetivo de mejorar la condición de vida de las poblaciones de los espacios rurales, al ser elaborados y ejecutados a partir del Estado o del mercado, sin mediar la consulta ni la participación de las mayorías en su gestión y realización.
Reflexões sobre a territorialização da pobreza em cidades brasileiras.
Authors: Coimbra-Da Silva Elias
Published: June 2018

El texto que presentamos es una tentativa de problematizar sobre la reproducción de ciertos lugares al margen de la producción capitalista del espacio, como territorialidades envueltas en ese proceso; espacios caracterizados por la pobreza, la exclusión y la vulnerabilidad. Para realizar este trabajo se utilizó un análisis de ciudades medias paulitas, apoyados en teorías reconocidas que tratan la cuestión de la pobreza. Se propone además, otro modo de entender el concepto de territorio, las relaciones de poder que permean las redes de reciprocidades, partiendo del análisis específico de la Favela da Avenida Río Pardo en la ciudad brasileira de Ribeirão Preto.  Esperamos así contribuir en la comprensión de las desigualdades sociales, inclusive en el nivel espacial, así como para pensar los nuevos actores y los nuevos procesos de territorialización.
Aplicación de herramientas cartográficas y censales en un estudio historiográfico del distrito Central de Barva, 1945-2014.
Authors: Otárola Guevara Marcela
Published: June 2018

El estudio de las ciudades, desde una perspectiva historiográfica, se beneficia del utillaje de otras disciplinas para comprender la magnitud de los cambios que en ellas ocurren. Por tal motivo, una investigación en Historia Urbana hecha en el Distrito Central de Barva, ciudad de Costa Rica, se apoyó en el uso de fotografías aéreas, mapas y registros de población para comprender su transformación de un lugar rural a uno urbano entre los años 1945 y 2014.  Se presentará el uso dado a herramientas cartográficas y censales en el ámbito de una investigación de Historia Aplicada. Con ellas se definieron tres periodos, cada uno con una configuración diferenciada, y se expuso la variación demográfica de sus habitantes, observando así la modificación de la morfología urbana como una acción directa del ser humano.
Avaliação preliminar dos conhecimentos etnoclimático e etnogeomorfológico de pescadores do litoral do Município de Goiana – estado de Pernambuco / Brasil
Authors: Fernandes-da-Silva Roberta Kelly , Martins-Lopes Vanessa , Girão Osvaldo
Published: June 2018

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo encontrar preliminarmente el conocimiento etnoclimático y etnogeomorfológico de tres comunidades pesqueras ubicadas en el municipio de Goiana, en el estado de Pernambuco. Esto tuvo como objetivo identificar cómo los pescadores entienden el conocimiento sobre la estacionalidad climática y las formas y funciones de los relieves costeros, así como la clasificación del entorno físico / natural en el que viven. Se realizaron encuestas bibliográficas y se realizaron visitas a las comunidades encuestadas para reconocer el entorno físico / natural donde posteriormente se realizaron las entrevistas cualitativas. Comprender la importancia del etnoconocimiento y las experiencias que los residentes de las comunidades tienen en relación con las dinámicas existentes en el entorno en el que practican la pesca, puede contribuir de manera efectiva a acciones desarrolladas por el poder público a partir de la participación de los residentes con su conocimiento experiencia y prácticas.
Usos del territorio, acumulación por desposesión y derecho a la salud en la Argentina: el caso del cultivo de Tabaco Burley en la provincia de Misiones
Authors: Gómez-Lende Sebastián
Published: June 2018

En el período histórico actual, la vulneración y el avasallamiento de los derechos humanos básicos se han erigido en la última frontera del capitalismo. Como resultado, los usos modernos del territorio suelen ser irracionales para la mayor parte de la sociedad, convirtiéndose en formas de acumulación por desposesión que a menudo representan una amenaza directa para la salud pública. En este trabajo, se procura demostrar que el cultivo de tabaco Burley en la provincia de Misiones opera, bajo la égida de la agricultura contractual, como un modelo que inequívocamente contribuye a la desposesión del derecho a la salud del campesinado local. Se analizan para ello los principales rasgos del modelo tabacalero misionero, las diversas formas de despojo implementadas por las empresas transnacionales en perjuicio de las familias agricultoras, las implicancias socio-sanitarias derivadas del uso intensivo de agrotóxicos y el papel desempeñado por el Estado.
Riesgos de desastres en áreas periurbanas en la gran área metropolitana, consideraciones pasadas y recientes: orientaciones y alcances reales de la gestión del riesgo y el ordenamiento territorial, cantones de Aserrí, Alajuelita, Desamparados, Escazú, Santa Ana y Mora
Authors: Arroyo-González Luis Nelson
Published: June 2018

Limitando por el sur, la ciudad de San José se extiende un cordón montañoso que es el asiento de los cantones de Aserrí, Desamparados, Alajuelita, Escazú, Santa Ana y Mora. Este sector tiene entre sus particularidades, el pertenecer a formaciones geológicas que por su grado de antigüedad presentan procesos de alta meteorización, con relieves caracterizados por pendientes fuertes y laderas abruptas. Debido a su cercanía histórico geográfica con la sección central del país, este territorio, desde inicios de la década del 90, se ha convertido en una prolongación de la ciudad capital, por lo que representa un sector de alto poblamiento y de construcción de infraestructura diversa. El hacinamiento, la ocupación irrestricta y diversa de estas tierras, ha propiciado desde el pasado la activación de procesos de equilibrio en laderas, tales como deslizamientos -los cuales, intrínsecamente, relacionados a la dinámica física propia de relieves de alta pendiente- aceleran y multiplican presencia gracias a la actividad antrópica.
Entre la guerra y la política. Una mirada comparativa de los procesos de paz en América Latina: los casos del FMLN y el M-19 (1986-1992)
Authors: Moreno Mancera José David
Published: June 2018

Hace 25 años la guerrilla salvadoreña del FMLN firmaba la paz con el gobierno del partido ARENA. Este acontecimiento se daba dos años después de la firma de acuerdos entre el M-19 y el partido liberal en aquel momento en el poder en Colombia. Tanto el FMLN como el M-19 dejarían las armas y pasarían a las urnas a través de la conformación de partidos políticos, uno con un éxito electoral rotundo y otro con un fracaso de la misma amplitud. El objetivo de este artículo es dar una mirada en perspectiva comparada a los dos procesos para comprender cómo se desarrollaron las negociaciones, en qué contextos se construyeron los respectivos acuerdos y, por último, qué bases solidificaron para los futuros proce- sos de participación política.
Repeat Antenatal Betamethasone and Cardiometabolic Outcomes
Authors: Cartwright Robert D. , Harding Jane E. , Crowther Caroline A. , Cutfield Wayne S. , Battin Malcolm R. , Dalziel Stuart R. , McKinlay Christopher J.D. ,   on behalf of the ACTORDS Follow-up Group
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND:

Repeat dose(s) of antenatal betamethasone are recommended for women at <32 weeks with ongoing risk of preterm birth. However, there is concern that use of repeat dose(s) in fetal growth restriction (FGR) may increase the risk of later cardiometabolic disease.

METHODS:

We undertook secondary analysis of data from the Australasian Collaborative Trial of Repeat Doses of Corticosteroids Midchildhood Outcome Study to determine if FGR influences the effect of repeat betamethasone on growth and cardiometabolic function. At 6 to 8 years, children underwent anthropometry, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and spirometry. FGR was defined as severe FGR at entry, cesarean delivery for FGR, or customized birth weight below the third centile.

RESULTS:

Of 266 children assessed, FGR occurred in 43 of 127 (34%) exposed to repeat betamethasone and 44 of 139 (32%) exposed to placebo. There was an interaction between FGR and repeat betamethasone treatment for the effect on height (z score mean difference [95% confidence interval]; FGR: 0.59 [0.01 to 1.17]; non-FGR: −0.29 [−0.69 to 0.10]; P = .01). However, FGR did not influence the effect of repeat betamethasone on cardiometabolic function, which was similar in treatment groups, both in FGR and non-FGR subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Repeat antenatal betamethasone treatment had no adverse effects on cardiometabolic function, even in the presence of FGR. It may have a positive effect on height in FGR. Clinicians should use repeat doses of antenatal corticosteroids when indicated before preterm birth, regardless of FGR, in view of the associated neonatal benefits.
Education Policy Implementation from the Perspective of Pupils and Students with Disabilities / Provedba obrazovne politike iz perspektive učenika s teškoćama u razvoju i studenata s invaliditetom
Authors: Salaj Ivona
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to examine the perspectives of pupils and students with disabilities regarding their roles in the implementation of education policy for children and students with disabilities. The role of pupils and students with disabilities in the implementation of education policy is analysed using the Contextual Interaction Theory, created by Hans Bressers. The main assumption of the Contextual Interaction Theory is that policy is a process based on negotiation and participation of various social groups and organisations, that is, on multi-actor interactions. The data were therefore collected by focus group interviews. Eight focus groups were held between January 2014 and December 2015, including 45 participants (pupils with disabilities in upper secondary school classes and students with disabilities). The negative perception of disability, insufficient knowledge of advocacy for their needs, the lack of consideration for the beneficiary perspective and a low inclusion rate of beneficiaries in the implementation of education policy are the obstacles to an increased participation of pupils and students with disabilities in the implementation of education policy.Key words: Contextual Interaction Theory; disability; policy implementation; stakeholders' role.---SažetakCilj je ovoga rada istražiti poglede učenika s teškoćama u razvoju i studenata s invaliditetom o njihovoj ulozi u provedbi obrazovne politike prema djeci s teškoćama i studentima s invaliditetom. U ovom se istraživanju za analizu uloge učenika s teškoćama i studenata s invaliditetom u provedbi obrazovne politike primijenila Kontekstualna teorija interakcija (Contextual Interaction Theory) utemeljitelja Hansa Bressersa. Osnovna je pretpostavka Kontekstualne teorije da je politika proces koji se temelji na pregovaranju i sudjelovanju različitih društvenih skupina i organizacija, odnosno interakcija različitih aktera. Stoga su podatci prikupljeni fokus grupnim intervjuom. Provedeno je osam fokus grupa, u razdobju od siječnja 2014. do prosinca 2015. godine, kojima je obuhvaćeno 45 sudionika (učenika s teškoćama u razvoju završnih razreda srednjih škola i studenata s invaliditetom). Negativna percepcija invaliditeta, nedostatno znanje za zagovaranje potreba, neuvažavanje korisničke perspektive i slabo uključivanje korisnika u proces provedbe obrazovne politike prepreke su većem sudjelovanju učenika s teškoćama u razvoju i studenata s invaliditetom u provedbi obrazovne politike.Ključne riječi: invaliditet; kontekstualna teorija interakcija; provedba politike; uloga aktera.
Doctoral Education for a Sustainable Future: What's a Comprehensive Portfolio Got to Do With It? / Doktorsko obrazovanje za održivu budućnost: Što sveobuhvatni portfelj ima s tim?
Authors: Ratković Snežana , Woloshyn Vera
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a Joint PhD Program in Educational Studies taught jointly by three universities in Ontario Canada, discuss the role of the comprehensive portfolio in research education, and share our vision for sustainable doctoral education and a sustainable future locally, nationally, and internationally. We debate the importance of the comprehensive portfolio for student retention, the development of the 21st century learning skills, mentoring, self-as-scholar competences, and holistic doctoral education. We explore foundational questions: What works?  What does not work? What is missing? Finally, we conclude with critical reflections and recommendations for doctoral-level studies with reference to key stakeholders including graduate students, mentors, curriculum developers, doctoral program directors, and policy makers.Key words: Canada; holistic doctoral education; mentoring; PhD in education; 21st century learning---Sažetak U ovom radu predstavljamo Zajednički Ph.D. Program iz obrazovnih studija koji održavaju tri sveučilišta u Ontariu, Kanada, raspravljamo o ulozi sveobuhvatnog portfelja u obrazovanju istraživača i opisujemo našu viziju održivog doktorskog obrazovanja i održive budućnosti na lokalnoj, nacionalnoj i međunarodnoj razini. Raspravljamo o važnosti sveobuhvatnog portfelja za zadržavanje studenata u doktorskim programima, razvoj vještina učenja za 21. stoljeće, mentorstvo, kompetencije pojedinca kao znanstvenika i holističko doktorsko obrazovanje. Istražili smo temeljna pitanja: Što funkcionira? Što ne funkcionira? Što nedostaje? Na kraju, zaključujemo s kritičnim razmišljanjima i preporukama na razini doktorskih studija, kao i s obzirom na interese ključnih sudionika, uključujući studente, mentore, dizajnere nastavnog plana i programa, voditelje doktorskih programa i kreatore zakona i uredbi doktorskih studija.Ključne riječi: holističko doktorsko obrazovanje; Kanada, mentorstvo; doktorat u obrazovanju; učenje u 21. stoljeću.