bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Stereovision-Based Technique to Measure the Spread Patterns of Granular Fertilizer Spreaders
Authors: Cool Simon , Pieters Jan , Seatovic Dejan , Mertens Koen , Nuyttens David , Van De Gucht Tim , Vangeyte Jürgen
Published: June 2017

Centrifugal fertilizer spreaders are by far the most commonly used granular fertilizer spreader type in Europe. Their spread pattern however is error-prone, potentially leading to an undesired distribution of particles in the field and losses out of the field, which is often caused by poor calibration of the spreader for the specific fertilizer used. Due to the large environmental impact of fertilizer use, it is important to optimize the spreading process and minimize these errors. Spreader calibrations can be performed by using collection trays to determine the (field) spread pattern, but this is very time-consuming and expensive for the farmer and hence not common practice. Therefore, we developed an innovative multi-camera system to predict the spread pattern in a fast and accurate way, independent of the spreader configuration. Using high-speed stereovision, ejection parameters of particles leaving the spreader vanes were determined relative to a coordinate system associated with the spreader. The landing positions and subsequent spread patterns were determined using a ballistic model incorporating the effect of tractor motion and wind. Experiments were conducted with a commercial spreader and showed a high repeatability. The results were transformed to one spatial dimension to enable comparison with transverse spread patterns determined in the field and showed similar results.
Indoor Autonomous Control of a Two-Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Vehicle Using Ultra Wide Band Technology
Authors: Xia Dunzhu , Yao Yanhong , Cheng Limei
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we aimed to achieve the indoor tracking control of a two-wheeled inverted pendulum (TWIP) vehicle. The attitude data are acquired from a low cost micro inertial measurement unit (IMU), and the ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is utilized to obtain an accurate estimation of the TWIP’s position. We propose a dual-loop control method to realize the simultaneous balance and trajectory tracking control for the TWIP vehicle. A robust adaptive second-order sliding mode control (2-RASMC) method based on an improved super-twisting (STW) algorithm is investigated to obtain the control laws, followed by several simulations to verify its robustness. The outer loop controller is designed using the idea of backstepping. Moreover, three typical trajectories, including a circle, a trifolium and a hexagon, have been designed to prove the adaptability of the control combinations. Six different combinations of inner and outer loop control algorithms have been compared, and the characteristics of inner and outer loop algorithm combinations have been analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate its tracking performance and thus verify the validity of the proposed control methods. Trajectory tracking experiments in a real indoor environment have been performed using our experimental vehicle to further validate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm in practice.
Torsional Ultrasound Sensor Optimization for Soft Tissue Characterization
Authors: Melchor Juan , Muñoz Rafael , Rus Guillermo
Published: June 2017

Torsion mechanical waves have the capability to characterize shear stiffness moduli of soft tissue. Under this hypothesis, a computational methodology is proposed to design and optimize a piezoelectrics-based transmitter and receiver to generate and measure the response of torsional ultrasonic waves. The procedure employed is divided into two steps: (i) a finite element method (FEM) is developed to obtain a transmitted and received waveform as well as a resonance frequency of a previous geometry validated with a semi-analytical simplified model and (ii) a probabilistic optimality criteria of the design based on inverse problem from the estimation of robust probability of detection (RPOD) to maximize the detection of the pathology defined in terms of changes of shear stiffness. This study collects different options of design in two separated models, in transmission and contact, respectively. The main contribution of this work describes a framework to establish such as forward, inverse and optimization procedures to choose a set of appropriate parameters of a transducer. This methodological framework may be generalizable for other different applications.
A Sequential Optimization Calibration Algorithm for Near-Field Source Localization
Authors: Li Jingjing , Yu Xianxiang , Cui Guolong
Published: June 2017

This paper considers the near-field source location problem for a nonuniform linear array (non-ULA) in the presence of sensor gain and phase errors. A sequential optimization calibration method is proposed to simultaneously estimate the gain and phase errors as well as the locations of calibration sources involving the ranges and the azimuths by exploiting some imprecise a-priori knowledge of calibration sources. At each iteration of the proposed method, the source locations, and the gain and phase errors are obtained iteratively. Finally, at the analysis stage, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technique using some numerical simulations. Results show that the proposed algorithm shares the capability to jointly estimate the source locations and the errors.
Identification of Pathogenic Factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae Using Impedimetric Sensor Equipped with Biomimetic Surfaces
Authors: Huynh Duyen Thi Ngoc , Kim Ah-Young , Kim Young-Rok
Published: June 2017

K. pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections, such as, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, septic shock, and gastro intestinal disease. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), capsular polysaccharide, and fimbriae are recognized major virulence factors of K. pneumoniae and play key roles during early stages of infections. In this study, we functionalized the surface of gold electrode with mannose and mucin to monitor the adhesion-associated virulence factors of K. pneumoniae. The binding characteristics of K. pneumoniae 2242 wild type and of its isogenic mutants lacking outer-core LPS (∆wabG) or fimbriae (∆fimA) were investigated using Faradaic impedance spectra. The results obtained showed fimbriae are responsible for K. pneumoniae adhesion to the mannose of glycoprotein on the surfaces of epithelial cells, whereas outer-core LPS and capsular polysaccharide are associated with specific binding to mucous. These results concurred with those of a conventional in vitro assay using human ileocecal epithelial cell (HCT-8 cells) and a human bladder epithelial cell (T-24), indicating that the devised method could be useful for investigating virulence-associated interactions of pathogenic bacteria with specific host cells and organs.
Dynamic Resource Allocation and Access Class Barring Scheme for Delay-Sensitive Devices in Machine to Machine (M2M) Communications
Authors: Li Ning , Cao Chao , Wang Cong
Published: June 2017

Supporting simultaneous access of machine-type devices is a critical challenge in machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. In this paper, we propose an optimal scheme to dynamically adjust the Access Class Barring (ACB) factor and the number of random access channel (RACH) resources for clustered machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, in which Delay-Sensitive (DS) devices coexist with Delay-Tolerant (DT) ones. In M2M communications, since delay-sensitive devices share random access resources with delay-tolerant devices, reducing the resources consumed by delay-sensitive devices means that there will be more resources available to delay-tolerant ones. Our goal is to optimize the random access scheme, which can not only satisfy the requirements of delay-sensitive devices, but also take the communication quality of delay-tolerant ones into consideration. We discuss this problem from the perspective of delay-sensitive services by adjusting the resource allocation and ACB scheme for these devices dynamically. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme realizes good performance in satisfying the delay-sensitive services as well as increasing the utilization rate of the random access resources allocated to them.
Survivors’ Sociocultural Status in Mwenga: A Comparison of the Issue before and after Rape
Authors: Maisha Buuma , Malette Judith , Demasure Karlijn
Published: June 2017

This article discusses psychosocial challenges faced by women survivors of rape in their families and communities based on the interpretation of rape as a sexual taboo and held beliefs that automatic transgression of taboo, through unwanted sexual contact, defiles and endangers survivors and those who associate with them. This article raises awareness on these challenges and provides contextualized useful knowledge for professionals in helping the relationship with survivors and for gender relations policy makers. Built on results from a doctoral qualitative, grounded theory-based research, the article presents survivors’ stories from women who suffered rape and therapists who provided multidisciplinary services to them. Researchers have found that rape is widely believed to be a sexual taboo in Mwenga and other rural areas from the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The results suggest that efforts to support healing and social integration of survivors can be well supported by taking into consideration the contextual belief system around sexual defilement as this plays a significant role in post rape relations for survivors in their families and communities.
A Parameter Study for Modeling Mg ii h and k Emission during Solar Flares
Authors: Rubio da Costa Fatima , Kleint Lucia
Published: June 2017

Solar flares show highly unusual spectra in which the thermodynamic conditions of the solar atmosphere are encoded. Current models are unable to fully reproduce the spectroscopic flare observations, especially the single-peaked spectral profiles of the Mg ii h and k lines. We aim to understand the formation of the chromospheric and optically thick Mg ii h and k lines in flares through radiative transfer calculations. We take a flare atmosphere obtained from a simulation with the radiative hydrodynamic code RADYN as input for a radiative transfer modeling with the RH code. By iteratively changing this model atmosphere and varying thermodynamic parameters such as temperature, electron density, and velocity, we study their effects on the emergent intensity spectra. We reproduce the typical single-peaked Mg ii h and k flare spectral shape and approximate the intensity ratios to the subordinate Mg ii lines by increasing either densities, temperatures, or velocities at the line core formation height range. Additionally, by combining unresolved upflows and downflows up to ∼250 km s−1 within one resolution element, we reproduce the widely broadened line wings. While we cannot unambiguously determine which mechanism dominates in flares, future modeling efforts should investigate unresolved components, additional heat dissipation, larger velocities, and higher densities and combine the analysis of multiple spectral lines.
η Carinae's Dusty Homunculus Nebula from Near-infrared to Submillimeter Wavelengths: Mass, Composition, and Evidence for Fading Opacity
Authors: Morris Patrick W. , Gull Theodore R. , Hillier D. John , Barlow M. J. , Royer Pierre , Nielsen Krister , Black John , Swinyard Bruce
Published: June 2017

Infrared observations of the dusty, massive Homunculus Nebula around the luminous blue variable η Carinae are crucial to characterize the mass-loss history and help constrain the mechanisms leading to the great eruption. We present the 2.4–670 μm spectral energy distribution, constructed from legacy Infrared Space Observatory observations and new spectroscopy obtained with the Herschel
Space Observatory. Using radiative transfer modeling, we find that the two best-fit dust models yield compositions that are consistent with CNO-processed material, with iron, pyroxene and other metal-rich silicates, corundum, and magnesium-iron sulfide in common. Spherical corundum grains are supported by the good match to a narrow 20.2 μm feature. Our preferred model contains nitrides AlN and Si3N4 in low abundances. Dust masses range from 0.25 to 0.44

, but

in both cases, due to an expected high Fe gas-to-dust ratio. The bulk of dust is within a

central region. An additional compact feature is detected at 390 μm. We obtain

= 2.96 × 106

, a 25% decline from an average of mid-IR photometric levels observed in 1971–1977. This indicates a reduction in circumstellar extinction in conjunction with an increase in visual brightness, allowing 25%–40% of optical and UV radiation to escape from the central source. We also present an analysis of 12CO and 13CO J = 5–4 through 9–8 lines, showing that the abundances are consistent with expectations for CNO-processed material. The [12C ii] line is detected in absorption, which we suspect originates in foreground material at very low excitation temperatures.
A Resolved and Asymmetric Ring of PAHs within the Young Circumstellar Disk of IRS 48
Authors: Schworer Guillaume , Lacour Sylvestre , Huélamo Nuria , Pinte Christophe , Chauvin Gaël , du Foresto Vincent Coudé , Ehrenreich David , Girard Julien , Tuthill Peter
Published: June 2017

For one decade, the spectral type and age of the ρ Oph object IRS-48 were subject to debate and mystery. Modeling its disk with mid-infrared to millimeter observations led to various explanations to account for the complex intricacy of dust holes and gas-depleted regions. We present multi-epoch high-angular-resolution interferometric near-infrared data of spatially resolved emissions in the first 15 au of IRS-48, known to have very strong polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions within this dust-depleted region. We make use of new Sparse-Aperture-Masking data to instruct a revised radiative-transfer model, where spectral energy distribution fluxes and interferometry are jointly fitted. Neutral and ionized PAH, very small grains (VSG), and classical silicates are incorporated into the model; new stellar parameters and extinction laws are explored. A bright (42 L
⊙) and hence large (2.5 R
⊙) central star with A

v
= 12.5 mag and R

v
= 6.5 requires less near-infrared excess: the inner-most disk at ≈1 au is incompatible with the interferometric data. The revised stellar parameters place this system on a 4 Myr evolutionary track, four times younger than the previous estimations, which is in better agreement with the surrounding ρ Oph region and disk-lifetime observations. The disk-structure solution converges to a classical-grain outer disk from 55 au combined with an unsettled and fully resolved VSG and PAH ring, between 11 and 26 au. We find two overluminosities in the PAH ring at color-temperatures consistent with the radiative transfer simulations; one follows a Keplerian circular orbit at 14 au. We show a depletion of a factor of ≈5 of classical dust grains up to 0.3 mm compared to very small particles: the IRS-48 disk is nearly void of dust grains in the first 55 au. A 3.5 M
Jup planet on a 40 au orbit can qualitatively explain the new disk structure.
Testing the Kerr Black Hole Hypothesis Using X-Ray Reflection Spectroscopy
Authors: Bambi Cosimo , Cárdenas-Avendaño Alejandro , Dauser Thomas , García Javier A. , Nampalliwar Sourabh
Published: June 2017

We present the first X-ray reflection model for testing the assumption that the metric of astrophysical black holes is described by the Kerr solution. We employ the formalism of the transfer function proposed by Cunningham. The calculations of the reflection spectrum of a thin accretion disk are split into two parts: the calculation of the transfer function and the calculation of the local spectrum at any emission point in the disk. The transfer function only depends on the background metric and takes into account all the relativistic effects (gravitational redshift, Doppler boosting, and light bending). Our code computes the transfer function for a spacetime described by the Johannsen metric and can easily be extended to any stationary, axisymmetric, and asymptotically flat spacetime. Transfer functions and single line shapes in the Kerr metric are compared to those calculated from existing codes to check that we reach the necessary accuracy. We also simulate some observations with NuSTAR and LAD/eXTP and fit the data with our new model to show the potential capabilities of current and future observations to constrain possible deviations from the Kerr metric.
Survival of Massive Star-forming Galaxies in Cluster Cores Drives Gas-phase Metallicity Gradients: The Effects of Ram Pressure Stripping
Authors: Gupta Anshu , Yuan Tiantian , Martizzi Davide , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Kewley Lisa J.
Published: June 2017

Recent observations of galaxies in a cluster at z = 0.35 show that their integrated gas-phase metallicities increase with decreasing cluster-centric distance. To test whether ram pressure stripping (RPS) is the underlying cause, we use a semianalytic model to quantify the “observational bias” that RPS introduces into the aperture-based metallicity measurements. We take integral field spectroscopy of local galaxies, remove gas from their outer galactic disks via RPS, and then conduct mock slit observations of cluster galaxies at z = 0.35. Our RPS model predicts a typical cluster-scale metallicity gradient of −0.03 dex/Mpc. By removing gas from the outer galactic disks, RPS introduces a mean metallicity enhancement of

+
0.02

dex at a fixed stellar mass. This gas removal and subsequent quenching of star formation preferentially removes low-mass cluster galaxies from the observed star-forming population. As only the more massive star-forming galaxies survive to reach the cluster core, RPS produces a cluster-scale stellar mass gradient of

−
0.05
log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)

/Mpc. This mass segregation drives the predicted cluster-scale metallicity gradient of −0.03 dex/Mpc. However, the effects of RPS alone cannot explain the higher metallicities measured in cluster galaxies at z = 0.35. We hypothesize that additional mechanisms including steep internal metallicity gradients and self-enrichment due to gas strangulation are needed to reproduce our observations at z = 0.35.
Particle Acceleration in Two Converging Shocks∗
Authors: Wang Xin , Giacalone Joe , Yan Yihua , Ding Mingde , Wang Na , Shan Hao
Published: June 2017

Observations by spacecraft such as ACE, STEREO, and others show that there are proton spectral “breaks” with energy E
br at 1–10 MeV in some large CME-driven shocks. Generally, a single shock with the diffusive acceleration mechanism would not predict the “broken” energy spectrum. The present paper focuses on two converging shocks to identify this energy spectral feature. In this case, the converging shocks comprise one forward CME-driven shock on 2006 December 13 and another backward Earth bow shock. We simulate the detailed particle acceleration processes in the region of the converging shocks using the Monte Carlo method. As a result, we not only obtain an extended energy spectrum with an energy “tail” up to a few 10 MeV higher than that in previous single shock model, but also we find an energy spectral “break” occurring on ∼5.5 MeV. The predicted energy spectral shape is consistent with observations from multiple spacecraft. The spectral “break,” then, in this case is caused by the interaction between the CME shock and Earth’s bow shock, and otherwise would not be present if Earth were not in the path of the CME.
Propagation of Solar Energetic Particles in Three-dimensional Interplanetary Magnetic Fields: Radial Dependence of Peak Intensities
Authors: He H.-Q. , Zhou G. , Wan W.
Published: June 2017

A functional form

, where R is the radial distance of a spacecraft, was usually used to model the radial dependence of peak intensities

of solar energetic particles (SEPs). In this work, the five-dimensional Fokker–Planck transport equation incorporating perpendicular diffusion is numerically solved to investigate the radial dependence of SEP peak intensities. We consider two different scenarios for the distribution of a spacecraft fleet: (1) along the radial direction line and (2) along the Parker magnetic field line. We find that the index α in the above expression varies in a wide range, primarily depending on the properties (e.g., location and coverage) of SEP sources and on the longitudinal and latitudinal separations between the sources and the magnetic foot points of the observers. Particularly, whether the magnetic foot point of the observer is located inside or outside the SEP source is a crucial factor determining the values of index α. A two-phase phenomenon is found in the radial dependence of peak intensities. The “position” of the break point (transition point/critical point) is determined by the magnetic connection status of the observers. This finding suggests that a very careful examination of the magnetic connection between the SEP source and each spacecraft should be taken in the observational studies. We obtain a lower limit of

for empirically modeling the radial dependence of SEP peak intensities. Our findings in this work can be used to explain the majority of the previous multispacecraft survey results, and especially to reconcile the different or conflicting empirical values of the index α in the literature.
Strong Stellar-driven Outflows Shape the Evolution of Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn
Authors: Fontanot Fabio , Hirschmann Michaela , De Lucia Gabriella
Published: June 2017

We study galaxy mass assembly and cosmic star formation rate (SFR) at high redshift (z ≳ 4), by comparing data from multiwavelength surveys with predictions from the GAlaxy Evolution and Assembly (gaea) model. gaea implements a stellar feedback scheme partially based on cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, which features strong stellar-driven outflows and mass-dependent timescales for the re-accretion of ejected gas. In previous work, we have shown that this scheme is able to correctly reproduce the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) up to z ∼ 3. We contrast model predictions with both rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) and optical luminosity functions (LFs), which are mostly sensitive to the SFR and stellar mass, respectively. We show that gaea is able to reproduce the shape and redshift evolution of both sets of LFs. We study the impact of dust on the predicted LFs, and we find that the required level of dust attenuation is in qualitative agreement with recent estimates based on the UV continuum slope. The consistency between data and model predictions holds for the redshift evolution of the physical quantities well beyond the redshift range considered for the calibration of the original model. In particular, we show that gaea is able to recover the evolution of the GSMF up to z ∼ 7 and the cosmic SFR density up to z ∼ 10.
Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Inflammatory Arthritis: Systematic Literature Review and First Steps Toward Standardization and an OMERACT Scoring System
Authors: Østergaard Mikkel , Eshed Iris , Althoff Christian E. , Poggenborg Rene P. , Diekhoff Torsten , Krabbe Simon , Weckbach Sabine , Lambert Robert G.W. , Pedersen Susanne J. , Maksymowych Walter P. , Peterfy Charles G. , Freeston Jane , Bird Paul , Conaghan Philip G. , Hermann Kay-Geert A.
Published: June 2017

Objective.

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is a relatively new technique that can enable assessment of the overall inflammatory status of people with arthritis, but standards for image acquisition, definitions of key pathologies, and a quantification system are required. Our aim was to perform a systematic literature review (SLR) and to develop consensus definitions of key pathologies, anatomical locations for assessment, a set of MRI sequences and imaging planes for the different body regions, and a preliminary scoring system for WB-MRI in inflammatory arthritis.

Methods.

An SLR was initially performed, searching for WB-MRI studies in arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthritis, or enthesitis. These results were presented to a meeting of the MRI in Arthritis Working Group together with an MR image review. Following this, preliminary standards for WB-MRI in inflammatory arthritides were developed with further iteration at the Working Group meetings at the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 2016.

Results.

The SLR identified 10 relevant original articles (7 cross-sectional and 3 longitudinal, mostly focusing on synovitis and/or enthesitis in spondyloarthritis, 4 with reproducibility data). The Working Group decided on inflammation in peripheral joints and entheses as primary focus areas, and then developed consensus MRI definitions for these pathologies, selected anatomical locations for assessment, agreed on a core set of MRI sequences and imaging planes for the different regions, and proposed a preliminary scoring system. It was decided to test and further develop the system by iterative multireader exercises.

Conclusion.

These first steps in developing an OMERACT WB-MRI scoring system for use in inflammatory arthritides offer a framework for further testing and refinement.
« Faire vibrer les cœurs à l’unisson » Célestin Bouglé et Albert Thomas, entre science et action (1920-1932)
Authors: Dhermy-Mairal Marine
Published: June 2017

Cet article étudie la consubstantialité, chez Célestin Bouglé, de l’action politique et de la sociologie, qui se nourrissaient l’une et l’autre. Contrairement à Émile Durkheim, le sociologue semble s’être employé à lier la sociologie à l’action politique de façon systématique. Pour le montrer, l’article part des liens d’amitié qui l’unit au directeur du Bureau international du travail, Albert Thomas, jusqu’à la mort de ce dernier en 1932. C’est en effet par la collaboration, tantôt souhaitée, tantôt effective, du Centre de documentation sociale qu’il dirigeait et du Bureau international du travail (BIT), que sera saisi le rôle qu’il prétendait attribuer à la sociologie dans la réalisation et l’articulation de ce qu’il considérait être les deux piliers de la paix : l’éducation morale et la justice sociale. Inversement, l’œuvre d’une organisation internationale telle que le BIT avait toute sa place au sein de la pensée sociologique de Célestin Bouglé.
L’impossible conversion politique des sociologues
Authors: Chabert Martin , Dhermy-Mairal Marine
Published: June 2017

Georges Lefranc, historien du socialisme et du syndicalisme, nous livre un témoignage sur l’intérêt ou le désintérêt du monde politique et syndical pour la sociologie dans l’entre-deux-guerres. Conduit en 1981 par Antoine Savoye, l’entretien explore tout autant les liens entretenus par les sociologues avec la politique que l’usage de la sociologie par des groupements politiques tels que la CGT ou la SFIO. Célestin Bouglé, Marcel Déat, Léon Blum, Albert Thomas-Georges Lefranc nous plonge dans le réseau politique et sociologique de l’École Normale Supérieure qu’il a bien connu, et relate son dépit, comme historien, de voir le peu de cas que faisaient les militants politiques et syndicaux de la sociologie et des sciences sociales de façon générale.
Le rôle d’un animal dans le processus thérapeutique : quel « profil » pour quel objectif ?
Authors: Andryushchenko-Basquin Irina , Chelly Sarah
Published: June 2017

Dans le cadre de la thérapie assistée par l’animal, il existe, depuis la fin du XX e siècle, des critères stricts de sélection et de certification des animaux-médiateurs. Il est préconisé que l’animal intervenant dans des établissements médicalisés auprès des personnes non autonomes devrait, avant tout, être contrôlable, fiable, prévisible et extrêmement sociable. Les procédures de sélection permettent ainsi de réduire les risques liés aux modes d’expression du stress chez les animaux, surtout des chiens : risque de tomber, de se faire mordre, griffer ou ignorer par un animal-médiateur. Dans le cas de Sofia, une personne âgée souffrant d’un retard mental congénital et psycho-affectif, exprimé souvent par des moments d’agressivité, la présence d’un chien ayant des troubles de comportement a permis un changement de son attitude envers des humains.
Quand Hamlet rencontre Blanche-Neige
Authors: Sottas-Clement Véronique , Terrier Fumagalli Nathalie , Richard Christèle , Santschi Gisèle
Published: June 2017

Les auteurs, d’orientations théoriques différentes – psychanalytique et systémique – se proposent de croiser leurs regards sur le phénomène de recomposition familiale au travers du conte de Blanche-Neige, de la tragédie d’Hamlet et de références à leurs cliniques. Par le recours à la fiction, les auteurs souhaitent envisager de possibles destins aux fantasmes et sentiments œdipiens (amour, haine et rivalité) que ces remaniements familiaux peuvent réactiver. Les personnages de Blanche-Neige et d’Hamlet sont appréhendés comme les protagonistes de recompositions familiales conflictuelles, dramatiques et passionnelles. L’article se termine avec le regard porté par une systémicienne sur ces « nouvelles familles » et ouvre sur des propositions de travail thérapeutique avec elles.
La dimension transgénérationnelle dans la clinique de la douleur et de la maladie somatique grave
Authors: Rexand-Galais Franck , Maillard Benoît , Héry Catherine
Published: June 2017

La question transgénérationnelle constitue un enjeu central de nombreuses psychothérapies initiées dans le cadre des consultations concernant l’après-coup de la maladie grave et notamment dans les demandes de prise en charge de douleurs séquellaires. Renvoyant à la possibilité d’une rupture fondamentale dans le processus de symbolisation à l’œuvre dans la transmission, elle engage le rôle joué par un ou plusieurs traumatismes enfouis et antérieurs à l’existence du sujet porteur de symptômes résistants à une thérapie individuelle ou familiale classique. L’observation clinique de Jessica, en rémission d’un cancer à l’âge de 17 ans, permet de constater le lien entre le triptyque composé par les désidentifications et identifications aussi caractéristiques de l’adolescence que de l’après-cancer, le pacte narcissique familial dans son versant dénégatif et, enfin, la douleur. Elle éclaire la nécessité d’une approche transgénérationnelle, qu’elle soit liée à une « consultance » ou à une psychothérapie familiale.
Pain and Opioid Use After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With Injectable Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Interscalene Block
Authors: Angerame Marc R. , Ruder John A. , Odum Susan M. , Hamid Nady
Published: June 2017

Postoperative pain control is a significant concern after total shoulder arthroplasty. Injectable periarticular liposomal bupivacaine, which has been found to decrease opioid use after orthopedic procedures, has been proposed as a viable alternative to regional anesthesia. This study compared the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine vs interscalene block among patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty. A retrospective review was conducted of 79 patients who underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty performed by a single surgeon between January 2013 and April 2015. Patient demographics, in-hospital Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) score obtained at 12-hour intervals, length of stay, and total in-hospital morphine equivalents in both the bupivacaine (n=25) and block (n=44) groups were recorded. Differences in length of stay, morphine equivalents, and age were assessed with Wilcoxon tests. Sex differences were assessed with the chi-square test. Repeated measures analysis with least square means was used to assess longitudinal changes in NPRS scores. No significant differences were found between groups for sex (
P
=.89), age (
P
=.81), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (
P
=.50), preoperative opioid use (
P
=.41), length of stay (
P
=.32), or morphine equivalents (
P
=.71). The average NPRS score in the first 12 hours was 3.01 for the bupivacaine group and 4.41 for the interscalene block group (
P
=.25). By 48 hours postoperatively, average NPRS scores were similar (
P
=.93) for the 2 groups, 4.90 for the bupivacaine group and 4.19 for the interscalene block group. The findings for this cohort of patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty showed no significant difference for pain scores, postoperative narcotic use, or length of stay with injectable liposomal bupivacaine vs interscalene block. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(5):e806–e811.]
Selective Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome Detected With Exercise Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Park Sehan , Lee Ho Seong , Seo Sang Gyo
Published: June 2017

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome that is refractory to conservative management should be treated with surgical fasciotomy. However, owing to the limitations of intracompartmental needle manometry in reaching a definite diagnosis, the appropriate timing for fasciotomy and on which compartment remain unclear. The authors report the case of a 22-year-old male military cadet who reported pain in his left calf when running or walking for long distances. The pain was located at the lateral aspect of the calf, from the mid-calf level to the ankle. At another hospital, nonenhanced magnetic resonance imaging had been performed, which showed no considerable abnormality. The authors used exercise magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose chronic exertional compartment syndrome. They performed selective fasciotomy on the compartment that showed a high signal intensity. As a military cadet, the patient was required to jog for more than an hour per day and perform strenuous muscle exercises. He reported that he did not have calf pain or discomfort during such activities 13 months postoperatively. The authors obtained a follow-up exercise magnetic resonance image. Compared with the preoperative magnetic resonance image, the follow-up exercise magnetic resonance image did not show high signal intensity at the lateral compartment. Exercise magnetic resonance imaging is useful in confirming the diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome and enables the performance of selective fasciotomy on the affected compartment. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(6):e1099–e1102.]
Regular Versus Releasable Sutures in Surgery for Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Bayoumi Nader H.
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

To compare releasable and regular sutures in combined angle and filtering surgery for primary congenital glaucoma.

Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on 39 eyes (26 right eyes) of 39 children (20 boys; 19 girls) who had primary congenital glaucoma treated with combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and scleral flap closure with regular or releasable sutures. Follow-up was 24 months. Success rates (defined as an intraocular pressure [IOP] < 16 mm Hg without hypotony-related complications and/or lack of IOP-related progression of the disease) were studied and complications were noted.

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 6.7 ± 5.8 months (range: 1 to 24 months; median: 5 months) in the regular suture group (20 eyes) and 5.3 ± 2.8 months (range: 1 to 13 months; median: 5 months) in the releasable suture group (19 eyes). The initial glaucoma surgery was successful in 13 (65%) and 13 (68.4%) eyes in the regular suture and releasable suture groups, respectively. The mean IOP was 17.4 ± 7.3 and 16.0 ± 5.4 mm Hg (
P
= .84) preoperatively and 8.0 ± 9.7 and 5.8 ± 3.6 mm Hg (
P
= .40) at the end of follow-up in the regular suture and releasable suture groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical parameters between the two groups. Complications included rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, cataract, and superior lens subluxation, with each complication developing in one eye.

Conclusions:

Releasable sutures were not more advantageous than regular sutures in combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy with mitomycin C surgery for primary congenital glaucoma.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2017;54(5):295–301.]
Une poétique du cycle
Authors: Pottier Jean-Michel
Published: June 2017

Rosny aîné a construit une œuvre particulièrement imposante, tant par le nombre de romans que par l’influence qu’elle a pu avoir à son époque. Dans cet ensemble si imposant, d’abord écrit en collaboration avec son frère, puis en solitaire à partir de 1908, ses choix littéraires le portent dans trois grandes directions : d’une part les romans de mœurs, d’autre part les romans préhistoriques, enfin les romans d’anticipation ou de merveilleux scientifique. Ces grands pans littéraires constituent des amorces de cycles que développent d’autres ensembles comme le cycle de La Bonne Humanité (1891-1899) ou le cycle des Lérande (1912-1918). Présente dans l’intention de l’auteur, cette tentation du cycle correspond également à un effet de réception de l’œuvre monumentale dans laquelle le lecteur expert cherche à mettre en lumière un sens.
Zola et Rolland : deux paradigmes du travail génétique
Authors: Grenaud-Tostain Céline
Published: June 2017

Les processus de l’écriture cyclique répondent à une double exigence et, ce faisant, à un paradoxe. D’un côté, l’orchestration générale de la symphonie romanesque, nécessairement pensée en amont, doit garantir la cohérence de l’ensemble. Mais de l’autre, l’écrivain s’octroie d’emblée la liberté de déverrouiller, si nécessaire, les portes bloquées par son texte programmatif. Or, la résolution de ce paradoxe trouve, dans l’œuvre de Zola et celle de Rolland, deux modèles représentatifs et complémentaires. Il s’agit de mesurer combien la dimension autobiographique occupe une place déterminante dans la construction des cycles rollandiens, tandis qu’elle est largement supplantée, dans la genèse des cycles zoliens, par le souci, évidemment naturaliste, de faire coïncider l’investigation sur le terrain au « saut dans les étoiles » voué à propulser l’œuvre dans l’épopée ou le mythe.
« Retrouver les choses par le dedans »
Authors: Guermès Sophie
Published: June 2017

Jules Romains refuse les systèmes, auxquels il oppose un « travail organique ». Il reproche à Zola d’avoir conçu pour Les Rougon-Macquart une unité de façade, l’hérédité devenant à ses yeux un principe aussi artificiel qu’abstrait. Il veut aussi éviter le plus possible les pièges du sériel par la traduction littéraire de l’unanimisme et de la simultanéité. Le caractère épars, fragmentaire, disparate des brouillons, l’absence de structure centrale reliant entre eux les cercles du plan unanimiste, l’absence de constitution méthodique du dossier préparatoire sont autant de différences avec Zola ; pour autant, l’ensemble des volumes des Hommes de bonne volonté montre que Jules Romains, soucieux de ménager l’intérêt des lecteurs, et choisissant pour cette raison de composer une totalité cohérente, n’a pas réussi à briser les liens avec les grands exemples du xixe siècle.
Cutting Edge: Activation of STING in T Cells Induces Type I IFN Responses and Cell Death
Authors: Larkin Bridget , Ilyukha Vladimir , Sorokin Maxim , Buzdin Anton , Vannier Edouard , Poltorak Alexander
Published: June 2017

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) was initially described as a sensor of intracellular bacterial and viral DNA and a promising adjuvant target in innate immune cells; more recently STING has also been shown to detect endogenous DNA and play a role in tumor immunity and autoimmune disease development. Thus far STING has been studied in macrophages and dendritic cells. In this study, to our knowledge we provide the first evidence of STING activation in T cells, in which STING agonists not only provoke type I IFN production and IFN-stimulated gene expression, mirroring the response of innate cells, but are also capable of activating cell stress and death pathways. Our results suggest a re-evaluation of STING agonist–based therapies may be necessary to identify the possible effects on the T cell compartment. Conversely, the effects of STING on T cells could potentially be harnessed for therapeutic applications.
Epidemiology and Clinical Complication Patterns of Influenza A (H1N1 Virus) in Northern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Altayep Kheder Mohamed , Ahmed Hussain Gadelkarim , Tallaa Amjad Tallaa a , Alzayed Ahmad Soud , Alshammari Aqeel Jazzaa , Talla Ayman Talla Ali
Published: June 2017

The aim of the present study is to describe epidemiologic and clinical presentation, clinical complications and outcomes of patients diagnosed with influenza A infection (H1N1) during a one-year period. We retrospectively investigated 300 patients with influenza-like clinical presentation during the period January 2015 − January 2016 in King Khalid Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Fifty-four patients out of 300 (18%) were diagnosed with H1N1 virus infection; their age ranged from 7 months to 85 years, with a mean age of 25 years. Among them, 34 (63%) were males and 20 (37%) were females, with a M:F ratio of 1.70. The findings of this study show the great spread of influenza A outside the main holy cities of Saudi Arabia, and underline the absolute need for strict prevention strategies including vaccinations, public awareness and hygiene measures.
Imagining the future nation: A critical appreciation of Emmanuel Ngara’s vision in Songs from the Temple
Authors: Musvoto Rangarirai A.
Published: June 2017

This article analyses Emmanuel Ngara’s collection of poetry Songs from the Temple. It argues that through some of the poems in this collection, Ngara forges an anti-colonial nationalist discourse that problematises hegemonic colonial narratives, which claimed that the black subaltern did not have history, culture and civilisation prior to the colonial interloper’s presence. Ngara’s main strategy in unseating these accounts is to lay claim to a flourishing precolonial culture of the Shona people on one hand, foregrounding their history and cultural symbols, and on the other through the use of artistic elements from the oral traditions of their society. This article contends that the incorporation of orature into Ngara’s written narratives of resistance disrupts and subverts hegemonic definitions of written poetry in as much as it anchors his nationalist vision in cultural spaces that the black subaltern has the potential to identify with.
A new phase field model for inhomogeneous minimal partitions, and applications to droplets dynamics
Authors: Bretin Elie , Masnou Simon
Published: June 2017

We propose and analyze in this paper a new derivation of a phase-field model to approximate inhomogeneous multiphase perimeters. It is based on suitable decompositions of perimeters under some embeddability condition which allows not only an explicit derivation of the model from the surface tensions, but also gives rise to a

\Gamma

-convergence result. Moreover, thanks to the nice form of the approximating energy, we can use a simple and robust scheme to simulate its gradient flow. We illustrate the efficiency of our approach with a series of numerical simulations in 2D and 3D, and we address in particular the dynamics of droplets evolving on a fixed solid.
Weak solutions and regularity of the interface in an inhomogeneous free boundary problem for the $p(x)$-Laplacian
Authors: Lederman Claudia , Wolanski Noemi
Published: June 2017

In this paper we study a one phase free boundary problem for the

p(x)

-Laplacian with non-zero right hand side. We prove that the free boundary of a weak solution is a

C^{1,\alpha}

surface in a neighborhood of every „flat" free boundary point. We also obtain further regularity results on the free boundary, under further regularity assumptions on the data. We apply these results to limit functions of an inhomogeneous singular perturbation problem for the

p(x)

-Laplacian that we studied in [25].
Influence of NO2 on secondary organic aerosol formation from ozonolysis of limonene
Authors: Hu Changjin , Ma Qiao , Liu Zhi , Cheng Yue , Hao Liqing , Wei Nana , Gai Yanbo , Lin Xiaoxiao , Gu Xuejun , Zhao Weixiong , Huang Mingqiang , Wang Zhenya , Zhang Weijun
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Limonene has a strong tendency to undergo ozonolysis to form semi-volatile and low-volatility compounds that contribute to secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) both outdoors and indoors. The influence of NO2 on SOA formation from ozonolysis of limonene has been evaluated using chamber experiments and the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) coupled with a gas-particle partitioning model in this work. A series of 21 indoor chamber experiments were carried out with or without NO2 under different [O3]0 / [VOC]0 ratios, and these experimental data were compared with the model simulations. Agreement in SOA yields was observed between the experimental observations and model simulations under varying conditions. Generally, SOA mass yields are positively dependent on [O3]0 / [VOC]0 without the presence of NO2. However, the introduction of NO2 leads to a more complicated change in SOA yield, which is shown to be related to initial [O3] / [VOC] ratios. When [O3]0 / [VOC]0 > 2, the introduction of NO2 results in an increase of SOA yield in the range of NO2 studied in this work; whereas a weak negative effect was found for SOA formation according to the introduction of ~ 250 ppbv NO2 under [O3]0 / [VOC]0
Fashioning Australian: Recent Reflections on the Australian Style in Contemporary Fashion
Authors: Craik Jennifer
Published: June 2017

The concept of Australian fashion as a distinctive style and cultural preoccupation has been long contested. However, historical records and contemporary consumer behavior show that fashion has been integral to the formation of national identity and sense of self. Since European settlement, there have been periods when Australians have embraced and promoted Australian style as unique and not merely derivative of overseas (mostly European and American) trends. This article traces the development of a discourse about Australian fashion to contextualize a number of recent publications and art gallery exhibitions about Australian fashion that explore various aspects of its history, development, distinctiveness, and future. These publications and exhibitions are collectively building the framework for a revitalized perception of the significance and potential of Australian fashion in the global fashion context.
The Cinema of Cruelty: Olympus Has Fallen and the Action-Spectacle Aesthetic
Authors: Mattes Ari
Published: June 2017

Olympus Has Fallen is one of the most blatant pieces of right-wing propaganda to emerge in recent Hollywood cinema. The US president, with the help of Secret Service member Mike Banning, asserts his rugged individualism against a horde of invading North Koreans. Given that the film’s blustering about freedom in the face of the evil Other is ethically and aesthetically puerile, what about the film appeals to the viewer? Is the political configuration of the film indeed reducible to the dimension of message over medium? Drawing on Herbert Marcuse’s The Aesthetic Dimension, this article suggests that the putative “message” of Olympus Has Fallen is in fact undercut by the nature of its engagement with the viewer at the level of the spectacle. The article, furthermore, hypothesizes a distinction between modes of spectacle in action cinema—“cinematic-spectacle” and “action-spectacle”—through comparative analysis of the screen-spectator relationship in Olympus Has Fallen and Avatar.