bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Random Forest and Support Vector Machine for Indonesian Tweet Complaint Classification
Authors: Ramayanti Desi
Published: December 2019

In digital business, the managerial commonly need to process text so that it can be used to support decision-making. The number of text documents contained ideas and opinions is progressing and challenging to understand one by one. Whereas if the data are processed and correctly rendered using machine learning, it can present a general overview of a particular case, organization, or object quickly. Numerous researches have been accomplished in this research area, nevertheless, most of the studies concentrated on English text classification. Every language has various techniques or methods to classify text depending on the characteristics of its grammar. The result of classification among languages may be different even though it used the same algorithm. Given the greatness of text classification, text classification algorithms that can be implemented is the support vector machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). Based on the background above, this research is aimed to find out the performance of support vector machine algorithm and random forest in classification of Indonesian text. 1. Result of SVM classifier with cross validation k-10 is derived the best accuracy with value 0.9648, however, it spends computational time as long as 40.118 second. Then, result of RF classifier with values, i.e. 'bootstrap': False, 'min_samples_leaf': 1, 'n_estimators': 10, 'min_samples_split': 3, 'criterion': 'entropy', 'max_features': 3, 'max_depth': None is achieved accuracy is 0.9561 and computational time 109.399 second.
A Comparison of Text Classification Techniques Applied to Indonesian Text Dataset
Authors: Salamah Umniy
Published: December 2019

In organization, statement contained opinion and complaint to a service or program by it organization. can be proceed using machine learning and the result can be used by organization to improve and enhance their quality. This research attempted to classify the reports from social media based on complaint and non-complaint using machine learning algorithm named Logistic regression (LR) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Logistic Regression model using CountVectorizer feature extraction and TfidfVectorizer. Moreover, the XGBoost algorithm uses multiple parameters so that it can be improved by tuning the parameters, i.e. eta or learning rate, gamma, max_depth, min_child_weight, subsample, colsample_bytree and alpha. As the result, the best value for XGBoost with parameter  are 'reg_alpha': 0.01, 'colsample_bytree': 0.9, 'learning_rate': 0.5, 'min_child_weight': 1, 'subsample': 0.8, 'max_depth': 3, 'gamma': 0.0, in wich the computational time is 13870.012468 and the best accuracy that achieved is 0.927943760984. Furthermore, the performance evaluation results for Logistic Regression using TfidfVectorizer and CountVectorizer feature extraction are 0.9181 and 0.9356.
Design and Deployment of IPSec VPN Using CISCO Network Infrastructure
Authors: Anwar Sadia Jabbar , Ahmad Ibtehaj
Published: December 2019

Online networks have many threats regarding security. The threats are targeting agency networks, private networks or other networks via gaining access to or changing essential information. Less secure networks deliver authorization to the users to access records in a network. Communication managers need powerful police forces to prevent access, misuse or alteration of secure network information. Small businesses or small businesses use firewalls, antibiotics or anti-spam software to protect the network, but do not provide sufficient network protection. Security in the corporate network is an important part of network protection due to the most common hacker goals. A private network is a reliable way of communicating with various business units and communicating with internal networks. Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) Virtual Private Network (VPN) is one of the most powerful security tools in the field of recording and security options. This is the safest and most secure option available in the Private Network store as a combination of two or more networks in remote areas. The goal of this research is to integrate VPN Services and establish IPsec protocols for small business security. The study is based on the networks of National College of business administration & economics (NCBA&E BWP) and its campuses by using the Cisco routers for a secure and private communication interchange between them. The result shows that IPsec VPN is an appropriate way of communication for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs).
Paradigm Shift From Storage Area Network to Hyper Converged System : A Review
Authors: Panchal Jinal
Published: December 2019

From the strong based foundation of storage area network infrastructure in the long run Industry while the evolvement of the technology towards better, faster, agiled deployment of architecture in data center leads to gaining the acceptance of the converged system which takes accountant of complexity, space, power consumption or different parameters beyond the costs. For the intensive need of data transfer, new hardware and software refurbishment is implemented for more powerful storage systems and to come up with green storage, data centers with higher outgrowing application needs are targeted for energy saving and bound utilization of resources involved.
Search Engine Optimization with Google-Web
Authors: Jambhale Pratik C.
Published: December 2019

Search engine optimization is a technique to take a web document in top search results of a search engine. Web presence Companies is not only an easy way to reach among the target users but it may be profitable for Business is exactly find the target users as of the reason that most of the time user search out with the keywords of their use rather than searching the Company name, and if the Company Website page come in the top positions then the page may be profitable. This work describes the tweaks of taking the page on top position in Google by increasing the Page rank which may result in the improved visibility and profitable deal for a Business. Google is most user-friendly search engine to prove for the all users which give user-oriented results. In addition ,most of other search engines use Google search patterns so we have concentrated on it. So, if a page is Register on Google it Is Display on most of the search engines.
Initial Ontology-Based Model for Workers Portfolio Resources
Authors: Ramayanti Desi
Published: December 2019

The development of electronic portfolio leads to the increase of the amount of data rapidly, scattered in many types of portfolio systems and represented in an unstructured manner. Those data cannot be reused because there are no structured-standard to manage and integrate them well. Many researchers have been developed ontology-based model for various resource domain and purpose. There is not much focus on the integration of other ontology domain like education, work histories and so forth. This paper will focus on how the competency representation and related ontology domain is modeled as initial comprehensive model for representing worker’s portfolio resources. This study employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for complete this study. The study is including Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to find out and review relevant literature of research object. As the result, we proposed model ontology that contains 4 classes with its subclass. Class of competence have sub class competency evaluation, proficiency level, domain and attitude. Class of artefact have subclass supplementary, training, indirect and direct. Class of Organization Entities have subclass tasks, projects and departments. Class of personal network have subclass group and network.
An Adequate Computation Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Ellaji CH. , Pradeepthi C. , JayaSri P.
Published: December 2019

The development and upgrades that mobile gadgets have encountered, they are as yet considered as restricted registering gadgets. Presently, clients become the more requesting and hope to execute computational serious applications on their mobile gadgets. Accordingly, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) coordinates versatile figuring and Cloud Computing (CC) so as to broaden capacities of mobile devices utilizing of?oading procedures. Computational of?oading handles restrictions of Smart Mobile Devices (SMDs, for example, constrained battery lifetime, constrained preparing capabilities, and constrained Storage capacity by of?oading the execution and outstanding burden to other rich frameworks with better execution and assets. Here, the current of?oading systems, Compuatational of?oading strategies, and evaluate them alongside their principle basic issues. In addition, it investigates distinctive significant parameters dependent on which the systems are actualized, for example, of?oading technique and level of dividing. At last, it condenses the issues in of?oading systems in the MCC space that requires further research.
Modern Search Engine Techniques
Authors: Singh Guruwada Sukhmeet
Published: December 2019

To be at the top in the world of www, every website needs to be standardized and well format as per standards defined. SEO has many new algorithms & indexing ways that helps user to get best results for their searches. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is important for websites to improve the rank for search results and get more page views resulting into large user traffic. The search engine ranks provide the better and optimized result to user's query, which help them to view the exact contents they are looking for from list of popular web pages among the number of pages available on the web. My case study will focus on some advanced techniques that are helpful to the website owner for better page rank in search result. This will focus on simple modern SEO techniques that can be add on to your website designing which will indirectly help into SEO page rank.
Potentials of Ensiled Panicum Maximum with Different Crop Residues as Ruminant Feed During Dry Season
Authors: R. T. Binuomote , T. K. Adeyi , O. T. Ojoawo
Published: December 2019

The experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of ensiled guinea grass with different additives using in-vitro gas production method. The silage were in 5 treatments T1: 90% of guinea grass + 10% yellow maize residue, T2: 90% of guinea grass + 10% white maize residue, T3: 90% of guinea grass + 10% guinea corn residue, T4: 90% of guinea grass + 10% soy bean residue, T5: 100% of guinea grass.. The silage quality, physical properties, chemical composition, the in vitro gas production after 24hours of incubation were investigated. Methane (CH4) gas produced was measured. Metabolizable energy (ME), Organic matter digestibility (OMD) and the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) were estimated from the in vitro gas production parameters. The colour of the silage varied among the silage treatments and were closer to the colours of the fresh forage. All the silage had pleasant smell and the temperature had no significant difference among the silage treatments. The pH ranged from 4.23 � 5.60 which has significant difference among the silage treatments. The chemical composition of the silage were as follows: Dry matter (DM) 23.73 to 29.50%, Crude protein (CP), 6.93 to 11.05%; Crude fibre (CF), 27.84 to 31.20%; and ash, 15.01 to 17.50%. Hemicellulose ranges from 23.29 to 26.05%, Cellulose ranges from 21.07 to 30.50%. The mineral composition value of the ensiled ranges are as follow: CA, 0.19 to 0.23%; P, 0.17 to 0.19%; NA, 0.08 to 0.11%; k, 0.34 to 0.45%; MG, 0,10 to 0.13%. Potential gas production varied from 13.00 ml/200mg DM to 18.67 ml/200mg DM. The high (P<0.05) potential gas value of 18.67 ml/200mg DM was obtained for silage T4. The highest value of ME (5.41MJ/kg DM); OMD (46.10%) and SCFA (0.51-mol) were obtained in silage T3 which contain 90% guinea grass with 10%guineacorn residue. Result indicates that silage from 90% guinea grass with 10% white maize residue have the best nutritive value.
Silage Quality and Preference of Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) with Varying Levels of Poultry dropping and Cassava Peel by West African Dwarf Goats
Authors: R. T. Binuomote , F. O. Bamigboye , A.J. Amuda , G. M. Ayebogan
Published: December 2019

In this study, elephant grass ((Pennisetum purpureum) was ensiled with varying levels of poultry dropping and cassava peel (CSP). Silage characteristics and chemical composition of the silage mixtures were determined in the laboratory while preferences of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats for the mixtures were assessed using eighteen (18) WAD goats. The treatments were: T1: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (40%), dry cassava peel (0%); T2: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (30%), dry cassava peel (10%); T3: P. pupureum (60%), poultry dropping (20%), dry cassava peel (20%); T4: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (10%), dry cassava peel (30%); T5: P. purpureum (60%), poultry dropping (0%), dry cassava peel (40%) and T6: P. purpureum (100%). All the mixtures formed good silage, except the silage with the highest proportion of poultry dropping (T1) and acidity (pH) ranged from 6.75 to 3.80 (T1 and T5 respectively) while colour varied from pale to light green with dark brown and white speckles as proportion of cassava peel in the silage mixture increased. All silages had firm texture with pleasant and slightly alcoholic smell. Dry matter (DM) content of silage increased as proportion of cassava peel in the mixture increased while crude protein (CP) and (NDF) reduced. DM, CP and CF varied from 27.00 to 54.00%, 8.46 to 10.72% and 28.52 to 60.52 %, respectively. The preference by goats was 11.22, 20.44, 20.71, 21.78, 22.56 and 32.28% for T5, T4, T6, T3, T2 and T1 respectively. These results revealed that the silage properties, chemical composition and acceptability of elephant grass silage by WAD goat were enhanced by the addition of cassava peel and poultry dropping to elephant grass
Phytochemical Profile of Aloe Barbadensis and their Proficiency in Defluoridation of Fluoride Contaminated Water
Authors: Manopradesh M. , Mathiyazhagan N. , Gajendiran K. , Muthusamy R. , Suresh K. , Selvam R.
Published: December 2019

The quantitative analysis of acetone and ethanol extract of Aloe barbadensis were studied, the total flavonoid content was determined as 13 µg/ml in the acetone extracts of gel of the plant whereas in the ethanol extract, it was 30 µg/ml followed by total phenol content which was almost same in the extracts but found higher in acetone extract as 34 µg/ml it followed by ethanol extract as 32 µg/ml. The reducing power assay was determined as 480 µg/ml in the ethanol extracts, followed by, 400 µg/ml in acetone extract. When Carbohydrates were compared, it was found as higher in the ethanol extract of the leaves of about 58 µg/ml, whereas the acetone extract possessed 54 µg/ml of carbohydrates in the Aloe barbadensis. Ethanol extract of the gel found to easily absorb the carbohydrates easily compared to acetone. The proteins content of ethanolic extract was about 4.8 mg/ml followed by 4.2 mg/ml in the acetone extracts of leaves. In this test, acetone extract was observed to contain protein less than the ethanol. Unlike other tests, all the extracts of all the plant parts when measured showed more or less similar results of about 10 and 14.2 µg/ml of reducing sugars in the ethanol and acetone extracts of leaves. The DPPH activity in gel extract was observed to be present in both the extracts; higher activity was observed in ethanol 100 µl concentrations and acetone 50 µl concentrations.  The Aloe barbadensis plant has found having some fluoride removal ability, helped in the fluoride removal process. As 20 ml concentration worked faster and better than the lower concentrations.
Genetic Variation of Rabbit Fish (Siganus canaliculatus Park, 1797) In the waters of Bone Bay and Makassar Strait
Authors: Sahabuddin Prof , Tuwo Ambo , DEA DEA , Burhanuddin Andi Iqbal , Malina Asmi Citra
Published: December 2019

This research aims to study the genetic variation of Rabbit fish in the waters of Makassar Strait and Bone Bay with Random Amplified Polimorfhic DNA (RAPD) method. The Rabbit fish samples obtained from three population, Makassar Strait waters (Parepare and Takalar) and Bone Bay waters (Luwu Regency). 9 fish from each population preserved with TNES urea buffer solution. Extraction of genomic DNA with Phenol-chloroform method. Between seven primer screenings, four primer selected for RAPD analysis. Genetic variation analyzed using TFPGA software (tool for population genetic analysis). The genetic relationship presented in dendogram. The research shows that the genetic variation of the fish (Siganus canaliculatus) with RAPD analysis resulting the highest similarity indeks (0.8644) obtained between Parepare and Takalar waters population, and the lowest (0.7290) between Parepare and Luwu waters population. The closest genetic relationship obtained from Parepare and Takalar waters population 0,1458 while the farthest obtained from Luwu and Parepare waters population with 0.3161 score. According to the genetic relationship obtained two main groups that are Makassar Strait and Bone Bay population. The two population in the Makassar Strait are the same group and separated from Bone Bay population.
Glomus fasciculatum, a dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal species in the rhizosphere soils of Setaria italica in Mahabubnagar district of Telangana state, India
Authors: Kante Hari Prasad , Mhadgula Laxmi Kanth
Published: December 2019

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal association in the rhizosphere soils of Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. from 8 Mandals of Mahabubnagar district, Telangana state, India, were studied. A significant number of AM fungi were identified in the present study, i.e., 53. Among the 53 AM fungi, Glomus was represented by 23 species, Acaulospora with 11, Sclerocystis with 6, Scutellospora with 5, Gigaspora with 4, and Funneliformis with 2, Ambispora and Archaeospora with 1 species. Glomus fasciculatum was the dominant species among the Glomus genera isolated from the rhizosphere soil samples of 34 villages in Mahabub Nagar district of Telangana State. The AM fungi spore density ranged from 74 to 270 per 100 gm soil (average 145), while the root colonization ranged from 50.67% to 93.33% (average 75.71%). This study provides valuable information on AM fungal association in Setaria italica.
In Vitro Gas Production Assessment of Ensiled Brachiaria Decumbens with Different Additives as Animal Feed During the Dry Season
Authors: R. T. Binuomote , O. T. Ojoawo , A. A. Ojejinmi
Published: December 2019

Scarcity of forages during the dry season in Nigeria has lingered. This study therefore assessed the nutritive quality of Brachiaria decumbens with additives prepared as silage using in-vitro gas production technique. Brachiaria decumbens was ensiled with four different additives. T1: 90% Brachiaria decumbens+ 10 %Yellow corn residue; T2: 90% Brachiaria decumbens+ 10% White maize residue; T3: 90% Brachiaria decumbens + 10% Guinea corn residue; T4: 90% Brachiaria decumbens + 10% Soy bean residue; T5: 100% Brachiaria decumbens and were incubated for in vitro gas production for 24 hours. Cumulative gas production was recorded at 3, 6,9,12, 15, 18, 21and 24 hr of incubation periods and the organic matter digestibility (OMD), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and metabolisable energy (ME) were estimated. Results showed that the dry matter content of the silages ranged from 26.35 to 37.57%, the crude protein ranged from 7.30 to 10.00%, the ether extract ranged from 3.60 to 4.27%, The NDF, ADF and ADL were significantly (p<0.05) different among the different silages. The cumulative gas produced ranged between 13.00 and 18.67 ml/200mg DM. There were no significant difference in ME, OMD and SCFA of the silages. The estimated ME (MJ/Kg DM) for the silages ranged from 4.33 MJ/Kg DM to 5.19 MJ/Kg DM. The highest OMD (45.27%) was observed in T2 (Brachiaria decumbens ensiled with white maize residue) and the lowest (41.45%) value in T4 (Brachiaria decumbens ensiled with soy bean residue). The SCFA estimated from gas production were 0.35, 0.50,, 0.37, 0.33 and 0.45 ?Mol.
Locational Analysis of Police Stations In Bauchi Metropolis Using GIS Systems
Authors: Blessing Ikharo I. , Braimoh Ikharo A.
Published: December 2019

Given the security problem in Nigeria particularly in the North, the need for geospatial analysis of security in Bauchi metropolis in relation to police stations cannot be overemphasized. Apart from the prevalence of security problem in the area current analyses are inadequate, almost non-existent. To tackle this problem, Global Positioning System (GPS) was used to take the coordinates of the police stations in the study area, while the attribute data relating to the number of police personnel in each station were collected using interview and documented data. The data were analysed using simple ratio. Also ArcGIS (Version 10.0) software was used to show the map of the distribution. A nearest neighbourhood analysis has shown that the distribution of stations is random in the area. One and two kilometre buffer zones were generated and the result shows that the old city of Bauchi and the eastern part of the metropolis were fully served while the western and southern parts were underserved. The ratio of population in the area to a police is 898:1 which is far below the United Nation recommended figure of 450:1. The work recommends that there is need for population consideration in citing police stations in the area as well as increasing the work force as means for achieving a holistic security for the metropolis.
Changes in Vegetation of Permanent Wetland; Goblej Wetland
Authors: Vaghela Dhaval K. , George Linz Buoy
Published: December 2019

Wetlands are most productive ecosystem. They provide habitat for flora and fauna. Wetlands play important role in hydrological cycle, nutrition cycle, Carbon sequestration, water quality and groundwater recharge. Vegetation plays very significant role in maintenance of ecosystem. Present study reports seasonal changes in permanent wetland. This will be helpful for restoration of such wetland.
Critical Review : Significant Impact of ICT in Higher Education Examination System
Authors: Shinkar Pravin Pandit , Lal Bechoo
Published: December 2019

In this research article the researcher discussed the critical review and significant impact of ICT in higher education examination system. The researcher emphasized that some of the significant research issues on ICT which is having lot of possibilities in improving the whole examination system. Trend of seeking online applications for regular, examinations and conducting on-line examinations have made the system very simple and cost effective for the examining bodies. This paper presents the growing role of examinations in improving the quality of education by embracing the integrated automated exam system for providing the robust, transparent, accurate and authenticated outputs. This automated exam system through ICT will bring substantial quality improvement in education. A part from implementing ICT quality, problem in exam has also been discussed. ICT will make exam system more efficient and transparent account.
The Evolution of the Format of the Presidential Debates on Chilean Television: 1989-2017. A Speciation Case
Authors: Porath William , Ortega Gunckel Constanza , Rojas Soto Ana Javiera
Published: December 2019

We seek to explain that the evolution of the format of televised presidential debates –in each country– is determined by the interaction between the specific characteristics of the political system and the media system. As a framework, we use Anstead’s (2016) application of the concept of speciation to the evolution of debates in parliamentary systems, together with Strömbäck’s (2008) scheme for the evolution of mediatization. We applied this scheme to the Chilean case, and we concluded that the original model used –the same one that the United States used until the mid-1990’s– evolved to adapt to a multi-party presidential system and a commercial television system.
Characterization and Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Aminopeptidase N from Pseudomononas putida Lup.
Authors: Jankiewicz Urszula , Swiontek-Brzezinska Maria , Górska Ewa Beata , Kowalczyk Paweł
Published: November 2019

An intracellular aminopeptidase N synthesized by Pseudomonas putida Lup was purified and characterized. The approx. 150-fold purified enzyme showed highest activity against A-beta-naphthylamide at pH 7.5 and at temperature 40 degrees C and was 100% thermostable for 240 min at 40 degrees C. P putida lup aminopeptidase N is a monomer with molecular mass approx. 99 kDa determined by SDS-PAGE and gel permeation chromatography. The enzyme has broad substrate specificity, but is the most active against protein substrates with N-terminal alanine and arginine. The activity of P. putida Lup aminopeptidase N is strongly inhibited in the presence of specific metallopeptidase inhibitors and is partly recovered in the presence of Zn2+ and Co2+ ions. Co2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions increased the activity of the enzyme. Moreover, the enzyme was inhibited by inhibitors of cysteine enzymes. Analysis of fragments of the amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme demonstrated high similarity to PepN of Pseudomonas putida GB-1.
Comparative Study of PCR-Based Approaches for the Genetic Characterization of Three Strains of Acidithiobacillus caldus Isolated from Different Sites in China
Authors: Wu Xueling , Duan Hong , Fan Hongwei , Zhang Zhenzhen , Liu Lili
Published: November 2019

Comparative study of the genetic characteristics among three Acidithiobacillus caldus strains isolated from different typical environments in China was performed using a combination of molecular methods, namely sequencing analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes and 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacers (ITS), repetitive element PCR (rep-PCR), arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) fingerprinting and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Both of the 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacers sequences of the three strains exhibited small variations, with 99.9-100%, 99.7-100% identity respectively. In contrast, according to the analysis of bacterial diversity based on rep-PCR and AP-PCR fingerprinting, they produced highly discriminatory banding patterns, and the similarity values between them varied from 61.97% to 71.64%. RAPD analysis showed that banding profiles of their genomic DNA exhibited obvious differences from each other with 53.44-75% similarity. These results suggested that in contrast to 16S rRNA genes and 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacers sequencing analysis, rep-PCR, AP-PCR fingerprinting and RAPD analysis possessed higher discriminatory power in identifying these closely related strains. And they could be used as rapid and highly discriminatory typing techniques in studying bacterial diversity, especially in differentiating bacteria within Acidithiobacillus caldus.
The Effect of Nanosilver on Pigments Production by Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc
Authors: Kasprowicz Marek J. , Gorczyca Anna , Frandsen Rasmus J.
Published: November 2019

A disk-diffusion method experiment assessed the impact of nanosilver on production of secondary metabolites (pigments) by the Fusarium culmorum fungus. Nanosilver colloidal particles in water have been obtained by the use of a method based on high voltage electric arcs between silver electrodes. The silver nanoparticles size in colloid ranged between 15 and 100 nm and 7, 35 and 70 ppm concentration. Nanosilver modifies the metabolism of the researched F. culmorum strain. Coming into contact with nanosilver colloids induces more intensive mycelia pigmentation correlated with nanosilver concentration levels. The performed analysis of metabolites indicates that under the influence of nanosilver fungi biosynthesise aurofusarin more intensively and the conversion of rubrofusarin to aurofusarin is intensified as compared to the control culture. Under the influence of nanosilver F. culmorum intensively biosynthesises an unidentified dye which shares structural features with aurofusarin but which is not produced by fungi in standard cultures.
Possibilities in Identification of Genomic Species of Burkholderia cepacia Complex by PCR and RFLP
Authors: Navrátilová Lucie , Chromá Magdalena , Hanulík Vojtěch , Raclavský Vladislav
Published: November 2019

The strains belonging to Burkholderia cepacia complex are important opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised patients and cause serious diseases. It is possible to obtain isolates from soil, water, plants and human samples. Taxonomy of this group is difficult. Burkholderia cepacia complex consists of seventeen genomic species and the genetic scheme is based on recA gene. Commonly, first five genomovars occurre in humans, mostly genomovars II and III, subdivision IIIA. Within this study we tested identification of first five genomovars by PCR with following melting analysis and RFLP. The experiments were targeted on eubacterial 16S rDNA and specific gene recA, which allowed identification of all five genomovars. RecA gene appeared as more suitable than 16S rDNA, which enabled direct identification of only genomovars II and V; genomovars I, III and IV were similar within 16S rDNA sequence.
Serotypes and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Adenoids in Preschool Children with Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: KORONA-GLOWNIAK IZABELA , NIEDZIELSKI ARTUR , MALM ANNA , NIEDZIELSKA GRAŻYNA
Published: November 2019

We investigated children aged 2-5, who had gone adenoidectomy for recurrent and/or persistent symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections for prevalence of pneumococci in adenoid tissue. Serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolated pneumococci were determined and also risk factors of pneumococcal colonization were defined. S. pneumoniae colonization in adenoids was found in 62 (60.2%) children. Serotypes belonged to 10-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) constituted 56.1% and 68.2% of the isolates, respectively. Decreased susceptibility to penicillin was found in 45.5% of isolates; pneumococci were resistant to cotrimoxazole (62.1%), tetracycline (43.9%), erythromycin (54.5%), clindamycin (54.5%) and chloramphenicol (31.8%). Multidrug resistant S. pneumoniae comprised 57.6% of the isolates. Antibiotic resistant pneumococci were mostly distributed among serotypes belonged to 10-valent and 13-valent PCVs. Good vaccine coverage among the isolated pneumococci confirmed that the introduction of PCVs in the national immunization programme may reduce the pool of resistant and multidrug resistant pneumococci in a community.
Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection: Detection of ESBL Characteristics, Antibiotic Susceptibility and RAPD Genotyping
Authors: ALADAG MUSTAFA ONUR , UYSAL AHMET , DUNDAR NIYAZI , DURAK YUSUF , GUNES ERDOGAN
Published: November 2019

In this study, a hundred Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infections were evaluated in terms of genotyping, susceptibility to certain antibiotics and detection of extended spectrum of beta lactamase (ESBL) production. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) method was used to identify the genetic differentiation of K. pneumoniae isolates. A total of 26 different DNA bands ranging between 334 bp and 28033 bp were detected among the strains. It was found that 100 K. pneumoniae strains revealed 11 different RAPD profiles. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted using a disc diffusion method against 16 antibiotics. Fifty-five different resistance profiles were determined among the strains. ESBL-productions of the strains were determined by the double disc synergy test (DDST) and ESBL E-test methods. ESBL production rates among the strains were found to be 55% by E-test method and 45% by DDST method. While ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae strains showed the greatest resistance to penicillin G (100%), followed by piperacillin (92.7%) and erythromycin (85.4%),the resistance rates of non ESBLproducing strains to those antibiotics were determined as 97.8%, 88.8% and 88.8%, respectively. Both groups of strains showed the highest sensitivity to meropenem. Based on the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that the detection of ESBL-producing strains by the E-test method was more sensitive than by the DDST method. Phenotypic and genotypic identification methods should be used together to detect ESBL presence. The RAPD-PCR method alone will not be adequate in the genotyping of the strains and alternative DNA-based methods should be used.
Screening, Characterization and Biofilm Formation of Nickel Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Indigenous Environment
Authors: WADOOD HAFIZ Z. , SABRI ANJUM N.
Published: November 2019

Nickel resistant bacteria (ZB, ZC, ZD, ZL, ZK and S1X) were isolated from industrial effluents and corroded iron pieces from indigenous environment of Punjab, Pakistan. These six strains could tolerate nickel at different levels with ZB, ZC, ZD, ZL, ZK, and S1X having 233, 225, 267, 233, 228 and 296 mM minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nickel ions, respectively. These bacteria were sensitive to Cu(+2), Cr(+3), Co(+2), and Al(+3) as they did not grow even in the presence of 1 mM concentration of all these ions in minimal medium, whereas all of them were resistant to Fe3 upto 1.3 mM in minimal medium. The best appropriate temperature for nickel resistant bacteria was 37 degrees C and all of them showed maximum growth at pH 8. These bacteria were characterized morphologically and biochemically. Biofilm forming ability of the bacteria was checked with and without nickel stress and it was found that strains ZK and S1X were able to form a compact biofilm even under nickel stress. The sequencing of 16S rRNA-encoding genes from these nickel resistant bacteria showed that they belonged to four different genera namely, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Cronobacter.
Phylogenetic and Biochemical Characterization of a New Halo-Thermotolerant, Biofilm-Forming Bacillus from Saline Lake of Iran
Authors: SAFARY AZAM , MONIRI REZVAN , MIRHASHEMI SEYYED MEHDI , NIKZAD HOSSEIN , KHIAVI MOSTAFA AKBARZADEH
Published: November 2019

In this study, five halotolerant Bacillus isolates from Aran-Bidgol Saline Lake in Iran were identified from saline environments. Screening of the bacteria led to the identification of a unique halo-thermotolerant Bacillus. On the basis of genetic and phenotypic data, this isolate was closely related to Bacillus licheniformis. But isolated Bacillus can be distinguished from B. licheniformis by salt tolerance, 16S rDNA sequence and some different physicochemical properties. Thus, suggested that the isolate was not the known Bacillus. Optical density analysis indicated strong biofilm formation for this strain. Also this isolate exhibited average tolerance to 1-25 mM concentrations of zinc and was sensitive to all concentrations of nickel. In biosurfactant production assay, this Bacillus exhibited the high activity for semi-quantitative oil displacement test (3.14 +/- 0.02 cm2) and evaluated positive for drop-collapse test and hemolytic activity. Moreover, amylase, protease and DNase enzymes produced in presence of 10-20% salt of medium. Therefore, identified Bacillus could supply potential microbial materials for bioremediation purposes and biotechnological applications.
Carriage of Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women from the Region of Krakow and their Antibiotic Resistance in the Year 2008–2012
Authors: BRZYCHCZY-WŁOCH MONIKA , OCHOŃSKA DOROTA , BULANDA MAŁGORZATA
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was a retrospective analysis of the frequency of group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactaie; GBS) carriage in pregnant women from the region of Krakow, together with an analysis of their drug resistance, carried out between 2008-2012. The study included 3363 pregnant women between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation, studied in accordance with the guidelines of the Polish Gynecological Society (2008). A high percentage of pregnant women who are carriers of group B streptococci was demonstrated. Each year covered by the study, it was in the range of 25-30%, with an average value equal to 28%. The results confirm the need for taking swabs from both the vagina and anus, since 15% of GBS-positive patients showed only rectal carriage. High percentage of isolates resistant to erythromycin was detected, which ranged from 22% to 29%, with an average value equal to 25%, as well as a high proportion of isolates resistant to clindamycin being 17-25%, with an average of 20%. The results indicate the need to standardize the methodology of collecting samples for GBS testing and introduce microbiological diagnostic standards in all gynecological and obstetric centers in Poland, in order to carry out a detailed epidemiological analysis in our country.
A Case of a Late and Atypical Knee Prosthetic Infection by No-Biofilm Producer Pasteurella multocida Strain Identified by Pyrosequencing
Authors: Romanò CARLO L. , DE VECCHI ELENA , VASSENA CHRISTIAN , MANZI GIOVANNI , DRAGO LORENZO
Published: November 2019

Prosthetic joint infections due to Pasteurella multocida are rarely but increasingly reported but no data on production of biofilm are available. We report the case of a woman with a late, haematogenous peri-prosthetic infection of cemented total knee arthroplasty caused by a strain of P. multocida identified by pyrosequencing and unable to produce biofilm. Comparison of clinical and laboratory findings with those reported in other patients evidenced differences mainly in the period of symptoms' onset and in the behaviour of some inflammatory markers.
The Influence of the Organic Matter of Sewage Sediments on Biological Activity of Microorganisms which Carry Out the Transformations of Carbon and Nitrogen Compounds
Authors: PISAREK IZABELLA , GRATA KATARZYNA
Published: November 2019

Soil microorganisms play an important role in the organic matter transformation process. The soil microorganisms also are in symbiotic relationship with plants. At the same time, soil microorganisms are sensitive to both anthropogenic and natural habitat changes. Particular characteristics of organic matter (the C:N relation, pH, the content the content of assimilated nutrients, the xenobiotics etc.) modify the biotic conditions of the soils. This particularly concerns the microorganisms which carry out the changes in the mineral and organic nitrogen compounds and the transformation of the external organic matter. The first aim of this work was to assess the influence of the sewage sediments and the manure on the phytosanitary potential of the soil environment. The second aim of this article was to estimate the number and activity of microorganisms which carry out the transformation of carbon and nitrogen compounds. This work showed the stimulating effect of the external organic matter both on the number and on the activity of most of the physiological groups. The manure mainly stimulated ammonificators, amylolitic microorganisms and Azotobacter sp. The sewage sediments mainly stimulated ammonificators, nitrifiers of I phase and cellulolytic microorganisms. The statistically significant impact of the physio-chemical soil habitat on the biological activity of the analyzed groups of microbes was also noted.
Response of Soybean to Seed Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and with Mixed Inoculants of B. japonicum and Azotobacter chroococcum
Authors: KOZIEŁ MONIKA , GĘBALA BARBARA , MARTYNIUK STEFAN
Published: November 2019

Effects of pre-sowing soybean seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum alone or with mixed inoculants containing soybean rhizobia and Azotobacter chroococcum were compared. In the pot experiment all the tested strains of soybean rhizobia in pure cultures or in mixtures with A. chroococcum significantly improved nodulation of soybean plants and seed yields of this crop. In micro-plot experiments pre-sowing soybean seeds treatment with the inoculant containing the most effective strain 94P of B. japonicum alone or with the mixed inoculant of strain 94P and A. chroococcum were equally effective in improving nodulation intensity and seed yields of soybean in comparison to the uninoculated soybean.
Association of Untypeable Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) Strains with Persistent Diarrhea in Children from the Region of Lower Silesia in Poland
Authors: DUDA-MADEJ ANNA , GOŚCINIAK GRAŻYNA , ANDRZEJEWSKA BARBARA , DUDA ANNA KRYSTYNA , SOBIESZCZAŃSKA BEATA
Published: November 2019

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains (EPEC) carrying the eae gene encoding intimin are divided into typical strains producing bundle forming pili, encoded by the bfpA gene, and atypical strains lacking the gene. In the study typical and atypical EPEC that did not agglutinated with EPEC polyvalent antisera but carrying virulence factors characteristic to other pathogenic E. coli i.e. diffusely adhering and enteroaggregative E. coli were isolated from 24 (43.6%) of 55 children > 10 years old with persistent diarrhea. These results indicated that non-typeable typical and atypical EPEC can contribute to chronic intestinal infections in teenagers.
Use of Plant Extracts to Control and Treat AB5 Enterotoxin-Related Diarrhea
Authors: KOMIAZYK MAGDALENA , PALCZEWSKA MAŁGORZATA , SITKIEWICZ IZABELA , GROVES PATRICK
Published: November 2019

Plants contain a broad spectrum of small molecules with potential antimicrobial properties. Here, we review the antimicrobial activities of plant extracts against enterotoxic bacteria encoding AB5 toxins, including Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and enterotoxic Escherichia coli strains. Several plant extracts have strong antimicrobial effects and the potential to boost Oral Rehydration Therapy, which is the first line of treatment for acute diarrhea.
The Effect of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids on the Hemolytic Properties and Biofilm Formation of Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: KUREK ANNA , MARKOWSKA KATARZYNA , GRUDNIAK ANNA M. , JANISZOWSKA WIRGINIA , WOLSKA KRYSTYNA I.
Published: November 2019

Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from a variety of medicinal plants, which have antibacterial activity. Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative pathogen, being the causative agent of listeriosis. The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of both triterpene acids on the pathogenicity determinants of L. monocytogenes: their hemolytic activity and biofilm forming ability. Oleanolic and ursolic acids inhibited listeriolysin O activity without influencing toxin secretion. Biofilm formation, and the viability of L. monocytogenes cells in biofilms was diminished by both compounds. Thus, both acids affected L. monocytogenes virulence. It was also demonstrated that oleanolic acid bound to the peptidoglycan of L. monocytogenes and this interaction was influenced by teichoic acids.
Novobiocin Sensitivity of Salmonella typhimurium dam and/or seqA Mutants
Authors: CHATTI ABDELWAHEB , ALOUI MERIEM , TAGOURTI JIHEN , MIHOUB MOUADH , LANDOULSI AHMED
Published: November 2019

This study was carried out to determine the effects of novobiocin, a gyrase inhibitor, on the growth, survival, motility and whole cell proteins of S. Typhimurium dam and/or seqA strains. Our results showed that the dam and seqA/dam mutants are the most sensitive to novobiocin, compared to wild type and seqA strains. Surprisingly, the motility of seqA mutants increased after exposure to novobiocin only in stationary phase cells. All the other strains showed a significant decrease in their motility. The analysis of protein profiles of all strains demonstrated several modifications as manifested by the alteration of the expression levels of certain bands. Our work is therefore of great interest in understanding the effects of novobiocin on S. Typhimurium and the involvement of DNA methylation.
The Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Children and Adults with Primary Infection in the Lower Silesia Region, Poland.
Authors: GOŚCINIAK GRAŻYNA , BIERNAT MONIKA , GRABIŃSKA JOANNA , BIŃKOWSKA ALDONA , PONIEWIERKA ELŻBIETA , IWAŃCZAK BARBARA
Published: November 2019

The resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics has become a serious issue in recent years in the therapy of bacterial infections. This problem also concerns the treatment of infections caused by Helicobacter pylori strains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of primary resistance of H. pylori strains isolated from children and adults. The subject of the research was 105 strains of H. pylori isolated from children and 60 strains from adults in the Lower Silesia Region in the years 2008-2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility to the following antibiotics was assessed: amoxicillin (AC), clarithromycin (CH), metronidazole (MZ), tetracycline (TC), levofloxacin (LEV) and rifabutin (RB). Among the strains isolated from children, 33.3% were resistant to CH, 44.8% to MZ whereas 1.9% of strains were resistant simultaneously to CH, MZ and LEV. Among 60 strains isolated from adults, 23.3% were resistant to CH, 66.7% to MZ, and 6.7% to LEV. Moreover, 16 multidrug resistant strains were isolated from adults, including 12 resistant to CH and MZ, 3 to MZ and LEV, and 1 to CH, MZ and LEV. All examined strains were susceptible to AC, TC and RB. The high incidence of resistance to CH and MZ suggests that standard triple therapies may not be useful as first-line treatment in Poland without earlier susceptibility testing.
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents Using 13C Urea Breath Test
Authors: CHOBOT AGATA , BĄK-DRABIK KATARZYNA , SKAŁA-ZAMOROWSKA ELIZA , KRZYWICKA AGNIESZKA , KWIECIEŃ JAROSŁAW , POLAŃSKA JOANNA
Published: November 2019

There is a 10-30% prevalence of HP infection in the general pediatric population in Poland. This study aimed to determine its prevalence in T1DM children in Upper Silesia, Poland and estimate its influence on metabolic control of patients. We studied 149 (82 female) children with T1DM (duration > 12 months, mean HbA1c) and 298 (164 female) age-matched controls. In all cases height and weight z-scores and Cole's index were assessed. In T1DM patients additionally glycated hemoglobin A1c and T1DM duration were analyzed. Presence of HP infection was determined using 13C-isotope-labeled urea breath test (UBT) (fasting and 30 min after ingestion 75 mg of 13C urea). HP infection was present in 17 (11.4%) T1DM patients and in 49 (16.4%) controls (p > 0.05). T1DM patients presented higher values of anthropometric parameters than healthy controls (weight SDS 0.25[-0.46 divided by 0.84] vs. -0.25 [-1.06 divided by 0.26], height SDS 0.09 [-0.60 divided by 0.69] vs. -0.31[-1.17 divided by 0.48] and Cole's index 103% [93 divided by 111%] vs. 97% [86 divided by 106%]; for all p < 0001). Within both groups--T1DM children and controls--no differences regarding sex, age and any of the anthropometric parameters were determined. T1DM duration and HbA1c showed no relation to prevalence of HP infection. Prevalence of HP infection in pediatric T1DM patients is similar to that of healthy peers and shows no relation to glycemic control.