bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fine needle aspiration cytology as a first line investigation in cervical swellings of 470 cases
Authors: Gamit Bhavna G. , Patel Mubin I. , Patel Mandakini M. , Patel Sharmistha M.
Published: September 2018

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a first line investigation in cervical swellings. The etiology varies from an inflammatory process to a malignant condition.Methods: The study was carried out in department of Pathology, Government Medical College, affiliated with government hospital in Gujarat. There were 470 patients with cervical swelling in a period from January 2017 to December 2017. Patients with thyroid swelling (swelling moves with deglutition) were excluded from the study. FNAC procedure was performed, smears prepared, stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H and E), May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) and Pap stain. Zeihl Neelsen stain was carried out when required. Patient history, local examination findings and microscopic findings were recorded.Results: Total 470 patients, age ranged from 2 months to 90 years were studied. There were 286 males and 184 females. There were 449 cases in which conclusive opinion given. 111 cases were neoplastic and 338 cases were non-neoplastic. Various cytological diagnosis were; 207 cases of granulomatous lymphadenitis (tuberculosis), 1 case of filarial lymphadenitis, 72 cases of chronic reactive hyperplasia, 25 cases of acute suppurative inflammation, 1 case of sialadenitis, 10 cases of keratinous cyst, 6 cases of benign cystic lesion, 12 cases of lipoma, 4 cases of lymphoproliferative lesion, 1 cases of benign appendage tumor, 2 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 103 cases of metastasis and 5 cases of non Hodgkin lymphoma.Conclusions: FNAC is a simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique to diagnose cervical swellings. It can differentiate the infective process from neoplastic one and avoids unnecessary surgeries.
Comparison of effect of isobaric bupivacaine vs hyperbaric bupivacaine on haemodynamic variables in thorcic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies
Authors: Kour Loveleen , Gupta Kuldip C.
Published: September 2018

Background: Regional anaesthesia has always been an attractive option for laparoscopic surgeries in patients who are not fit for general anaesthesia. Also, regional anaesthesia has certain advantages over general anaesthesia like lesser oropharyngeal morbidity, lesser blood loss and decreased chances of thrombosis. Lumbar spinal anaesthesia has been synonymous with the term regional anaesthesia for laparoscopic surgeries for quite some time now. In the light of recent works by Imbelloni and Zundert, thoracic spinal anaesthesia has been shown to be a promising alternative not only for healthy patients but for high risk patients as well. Baricity defines the density of the drug with respect to CSF density. This undoubtedly makes it is one of the most important factors that influence drug distribution in the subarachnoid space. Drugs of differing baricities have been studied previously in lumbar spinal anaesthesia. We aimed at studying the behaviour of isobaric and hyperbaric bupivacaine using a different approach which in this study was thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Authors evaluated the haemodynamic changes as well as neurological and any other post operative complications that occurred in any of the patients.Methods: There were 60 ASA I and II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy who were chosen for this study. They were randomly divided into two equal groups - group I and group H. Thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSE) was performed at T9-T10 / T10-T11 interspace. Patients in group I received 1.5ml of isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5mg/ml) + 25µg (0.5ml) of fentanyl and group H patients were given 1.5ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5mg/ml) + 25µg (0.5ml) of fentanyl.Results: There was no significant difference among the haemodynamic variables between the two groups and no neurological complication was seen in any patient.Conclusions: Thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia allows haemodynamic stability in laparoscopic cholecystectomies with minimal neurological and post operative complications irrespective of baricity of the drug used.
Pulmonary function analysis in carpenters: a study from Kerala
Authors: Pandarikkal Jagadees R. , Kurien Annamma , Paul Davis
Published: September 2018

Background: There has been an increase in proportion of workers suffering from occupational diseases compared to past. Only limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the pulmonary functions of carpenters, exposed to wood dust. Hence the present study was undertaken to find out any functional impairment in carpenters due to their occupational environment.Methods: Study was done in 300 subjects who were divided into two groups of 150 each. One group comprised carpenters with minimum 5 years exposure to wood dust. Other group comprised matching healthy subjects who served as controls. Pulmonary function parameters were recorded from all subjects. Parameters recorded were SlowVital Capacity (SVC), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), and Peak Expiratory flow Rate (PEFR).  ‘Knudson and Collagens’ standard reference values for south Indians were used here for interpretation. Statistical analysis of the data of study subjects and the controls were done by using student’s ‘t’ test. The level of significance was fixed as 5%.Results: A statistically significant reduction in SVC, FVC, FEV1and PEFR was seen in the study group compared to control group. FEV1/FVC was less than 80% of the predicted values in 8% of the study population. Seventeen percentage of the study population had less than 80% of predicted value of both FEV1 and FVC with normal FEV1/FVC.Conclusions: Lung functions of carpenters show statistically significant reduction compared to normal healthy adults. This could be due to their exposure to wood dust.
Rocuronium for intubation in parturients undergoing caesarean section
Authors: M. Sajina , Sangawar Medha A. , A. V. Sangawar , Bannore Niraj
Published: September 2018

Background: Anaesthetic management of a parturient is a challenge because it involves simultaneous care of both mother and baby. Succinylcholine, a depolarizing muscle relaxant is most commonly used and considered “The Gold Standard’’ for tracheal intubation. Among currently available non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent rocuronium bromide is the only agent that has rapid onset of action which is comparable to succinylcholine. Thus, rocuronium may provide alternative to succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia wherever succinylcholine is contraindicated.Methods: In a control trial, 60 parturients of ASA grade I and II were randomly allocated in two groups of 30 patients each (group R and group S). After preoxygenation for a period of 5minutes rapid sequence induction done with thiopentone 5mg/kg for all patients. Muscle relaxant rocuronium (0.6mg/kg) was administered for group R. Succinylcholine was given in similar dosage (0.6mg/kg) for group S. The intubation was tried after 90 seconds in group R (rocuronium group) but after 60 seconds in group S (succinylcholie group). The intubating conditions were assessed and compared among the groups using criteria suggested by Cooper et al.Results: The mean intubation time was 98.3 seconds in group R and 67.9 seconds in group S. Rocuronium produced clinically acceptable intubating conditions in 28 out 30 patients (93.33%). Among these 28 patients 70% had excellent intubating conditions and 23.33% had good intubating conditions. Clinically acceptable intubating conditions were present in all 30 patients (100%-90% excellent and 10% good) who were administered succinylcholine. Succinylcholine produced excellent intubating conditions at 60 seconds (90 percent) compared to rocuronium (70 percent). However, this difference was statistically insignificant (p= 0.053). The mean Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min in group R was 8.1 and 8.83 as against 8.06 and 8.96 in babies born to mother in group S.Conclusions: Rocuronium (0.6mg/kg) provided acceptable intubation conditions after a waiting period of 90 seconds in 93.33% patients as against 100% patients in succinylcholine administered patients in equivalent dosage. So rocuronium is a promising alternative for rapid sequence induction in parturients in whom succinylcholine is not advisable or contraindicated.
Occurrence of neurocysticercosis in patients presenting with seizure and its serological evaluation
Authors: Malhotra Khushbu , Singh Mandeep , Sudanshu Siddhant , Kumar Vinod , Sharma Utkarsh
Published: September 2018

Background: Aims and objectives was to diagnose neurocysticercosis among the patient admitted with seizure in Pediatric Department of TMMRC and to correlate the serological and radiological findings.Methods: A total of 100 patients presenting with recent onset seizures were recruited from Pediatric department of a local major tertiary care teaching hospital during the period 2016-2017. Brain imaging was performed in all the above cases. Serological assessment was done using ELISA kit. Diagnosis of neurrocysticercois was done using Del Brutto’s criteria.Results: The recruited patients presented with generalized, simple partial, and focal seizures (68%, 21% and 11% respectively). NCC was diagnosed in 37 of 100 (37.0%) seizure cases based on imaging characteristics. There were 13% cases in whom, MRI showed calcified NCC/granuloma suggestive of NCC. In 24% cases, scolex suggestive of NCC was seen. A total of 15 (15%) cases were seropositive for Taenia. Using Del Brutto criteria, a total of 23% cases were diagnosed as probable NCC and 15% as definite neurocysticercosis. A total of 62% cases were confirmed as not having neurocysticercosis.Conclusions: The findings of present study showed that neurocysticercosis still is a major diagnosis among children presenting with seizure from this endemic area. Neuroimaging was a useful tool in diagnosis and characterisation of NCC than serological tool. The study highlighted the need to create awareness regarding maintenance of hygiene and cleanliness.
Study of cases of head injury in a government hospital in rural Indian setting
Authors: Pusdekar Vinod , Ambedkar Sandeep , Bodade Ritesh
Published: September 2018

Background: Head injury can be defined as trauma in which the head is struck or moves violently, resulting in transient or permanent alteration of consciousness of an individual. We profiled and analyzed the cases of head injuries reporting to a government hospital a rural Indian setting.Methods: All the patients with history of antecedent head injury were firstly assessed by detailed history, with emphasis on history of unconsciousness/vomiting/convulsions/ENT bleed. Then a thorough clinical examination was undertaken, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scoring. Further, all the patients were subjected to CT scan of head for correlation of clinical findings, confirmation of diagnosis, delineation of extent of disease and suitability of operative intervention etc.Results: Majority of the patients belonged to 15-44 years age group (30, 60%) and were males (38, 76%). Road traffic accidents accounted for majority (38, 76%) of the cases. GCS score was found to range between 13-15 (mild) in 18 (36%) patients, 9-12 (moderate) in 21 (42%) patients and 3-8 (severe) in 11 (22%) patients. Best recovery (88%) was shown by patients of GCS score between 13-15. Among the critical symptoms and signs, unconsciousness and abnormal plantar reflex were the commonest ones. Generalized cerebral edema without associated lesion (50%) was the commonest finding followed by extradural hematoma (EDH) (40%) on CT scan of head. As for recovery w.r.t. CT scan findings, highest rate of recovery (100%) was reported in patients with fracture without intracranial pathology, while highest mortality was reported in those having mixed lesion (90%).Conclusions: Road traffic accidents in young age group is the commonest mode of head injury and GCS score is a good predictor of recovery in head injury cases.
Extensive retroperitoneal hematoma after laparoscopic appendectomy
Authors: AlRumaih Abdullah , Alzakari Abdulmohsen , Alkhaibary Ali , Alghanim Fahad
Published: September 2018

The retroperitoneum is the abdominal portion located behind the sac of the peritoneal cavity and extending from the diaphragm to the pelvic inlet. A Retroperitoneal hematoma is a rare but a fearsome complication after appendectomy. The management of retroperitoneal hematomas can be difficult as the decision between a surgical intervention, angiographic embolization, and conservative management with fluids can be difficult to make. This case report would be outlining the clinical presentation, radiological findings, and outcome of a 60-year-old male who has been diagnosed with an intra-abdominal, retroperitoneal hematoma and flank ecchymosis with no signs of active bleeding after laparoscopic appendectomy. Retroperitoneal hematomas can be extensive post-laparoscopic abdominal surgeries. A comprehensive physical examination, radiological imaging, and laboratory investigations should be considered to rule out the possibilities of bleeding disorders and/or active bleeding contributing to the development of retroperitoneal hematomas.
CORRECTNESS OF A DIRICHLET TYPE PROBLEM IN A CYLINDRICAL DOMAIN FOR THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL LAVRENTIEV — BITSADZE EQUATION
Authors: Aldashev S. A.
Published: September 2018

Multidimensional hyperbolic-elliptic equations describe important physical, astronomical and geometric processes. It is known that vibrations of elastic membranes in space according to the Hamiltonian principle can be modeled by a multidimensional wave equation. Assuming that the membrane is in equilibrium in the bending position, the Hamiltonian principle also yields the multidimensionalLaplaceequation. Consequently, the vibrations of elastic membranes in space can be modeled as the multidimensional Lavrentiev Bitsadze equation. When studying these applications, it becomes necessary to obtain an explicit representation of the boundary value problems being studied. The author has previously studied the Dirichlet problem for multidimensional hyperbolic-elliptic equations, where a unique solvability of this problem is shown, which essentially depends on the height of the entire cylindrical region under consideration. In this paper we investigate a Dirichlet type problem in the cylindrical domain for the multidimensional Lavrentiev Bitsadze equation and obtain an explicit form of its classical solution. In this case, the unique solvability depends only on the height of the hyperbolic part of the cylindrical domain, and a criterion for the uniqueness of the solution is given.
Convergence Epistemologies of Legal Studies Perspectives of Islamic Philosophy
Authors: Prasetyo Yogi , Absori Absori
Published: September 2018

Epistemology of knowledge, also epistemology of legal studies, which is derived from the senses, rationality, and inner voices, has their own analysis methods to attain truths; inductive reasoning to seek validity of empirical knowledge, deductive reasoning for knowledge based on reason or rationality, and intuition for that derived from inner voices. The three analysis methods often lead to debate and contradicting claims creating a conflicting truth in epistemology.This conflicting claims of truth results in stagnancy, deviation, and distortion, in which the truth attained during the process may be misused for certain parties, since in the field of law, truth may be established to accommodate one’s needs. Therefore, it is crucial to create a concept which reconciles various epistemologies in knowledge, as well in legal studies, which is through a convergence of epistemology in legal studies through the perspective of Islamic philosophy. Through Islamic philosophy which is based on Quran, a conflicting knowledge derived through the senses, rationality, and inner voices will reconcile in one central point.Islamic philosophy which is based on Quran is the basis for epistemological truth derived from the senses, rationality, and inner voices, to simultaneously and jointly understand and complement each others’ strengths and weaknesses through a circular triadic process in order to reach reconciliation.
Budaya “Pakewuh” Santri pada Kyai: Relevansi Budaya Pendidikan Pesantren Terhadap Tantangan Dunia Islam di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Isbahi M Baiqun , Yunas Novy Setia
Published: September 2018

The phenomenon of communication process in pesantren occurs among kyai, ustadz, and santri creating a distinctive educational culture among pesantren. The relationship among them is very close, because santri permanently live in a pesantren environment nearby the kyai’s house. Europe in the mid-century is full of power, doctrine and domination of the church which has purpose to guide people towards a righteous life, but on the other hand the dominance of this church without thinking of the dignity and freedom of human beings who have feelings, thoughts, desires and ideals to determine his own future, therefore the development of science is inhibited. Meanwhile, the culture of education in pesantren raises a similar similarity though not the same, where the position of kyai is considered as the representative of the god who escaped the error. Both of these phenomena are presenting the dominance of the religious doctrine that can penetrate the layers of public confidence in various areas of life. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the leadership in pesantren with the "pekewuh" culture of Islamic religious figures (kyai) is found in the traditional society, and the leadership in the transitional society-especially in modern society and the metropolis-has experienced a crisis of legitimacy, irrelevant sense in the era of globalization , and degradative change, due to the various dynamics and changes that occur, both internal and external dynamics of the Muslim community.
Sejarah Nalar Diplomasi Politik Indonesia di Kawasan Timur Tengah
Authors: Nawawi Imam
Published: September 2018

The historiography of Indonesian political diplomacy in the Middle-East regions faces obstacles from the researchers themselves. The perspective contradictions are compounded by sorting data and sources. The appearance of Indonesian political diplomacy in the Middle East regions according to the Middle East researchers and academics themselves seems to be gloomy and lethargic, because they demand more than what Indonesia has achieved and done. Indonesia is considered not too interested in contributing to the recovery of conflict countries and the acceleration of the transition to democratic values. According to the other researchers who are not based on the Middle East institutions, the appearance of Indonesian political diplomacy in  the Middle East is quite positive and slightly vague. Unlike the case with the version that came out directly from the Government of the Republic of Indonesia about their achievements and performance in building diplomatic relations with related countries in the Middle East. Some achievements are recorded annually and submitted to the public in their annual reports. The constraints in historical writing can be overcome by the historical reasoning approach which tries to examine reason, thought and awareness, and which not only focuses on historical facts and events themselves. This approach is able to map the narrative contestation and discourse ideology, and find solutions to the problems.
Being as Value: The Phenomenology of Value and the Ontology of Self-Realization in Charles Taylor’s Sources of the Self
Authors: Holmgren Andrada-Elena
Published: September 2018

This paper explores one way of putting selves and values back into the world. I analyze Charles Taylor’s, Iris Murdoch’s, and Donald Walhout’s arguments showing that to be a self is to relate to being as a value. I show that the intentional relation of world-directedness that is central to self discloses being first as a value. I argue that our best account of what it is to be a self commits us to the objectivity of values. I then explore Taylor’s arguments that, by denying a place for objective values in nature, the standard naturalist ontology leaves a gap between nature and self. I argue that this gap arises because current naturalism cannot account for the place of the intentional relation, which is our first guide to value, in the world. It thereby leaves a gap between third- and first-personal perspectives that obscures the nature of values as properties of relational situations. I explore Michiel Meijer’s objection that Taylor leaves an unresolved gap between ontology and phenomenology in his defense of value realism. I draw on the little-known work of Donald Walhout to show how this gap can be filled by analyzing value in terms of function.
Swimming and Diving in Grandpa's River: A Promise of Help with Respect to Water on Halalt Territory
Authors: Graeme Michael
Published: September 2018

Drawing on media reports, court proceedings, and ethnographic literature, this paper explores contentions between the Halalt First Nation and the Municipality of North Cowichan regarding rights and access to the Chemainus Aquifer. Using a well project proposed by the municipality as a focus, I describe colonial power dynamics and argue that a decolonizing shift is needed in law and society to reconcile Indigenous and non-Indigenous ways of using and regulating resources on unceded Coast Salish territory.
A CLASSIFICAÇÃO DOS TIPOS SOCIAIS COMO ESPÍRITO DE ÉPOCA NAS OBRAS DE BALZAC E MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: Mussulini Dayane
Published: September 2018

Os avanços científicos e tecnológicos vivenciados no século XIX intensificaram a busca pela civilização ao se distanciar, cada vez mais, da considerada barbárie. O dualismo fez com que os esforços para compreender o mundo encontrassem nos ideais cientificistas e positivistas uma forma de entendimento dos eventos naturais e sociais, a partir de regras de classificação e hierarquização. Desse modo, vimos se desenvolver, em diversas áreas do conhecimento, o compartilhamento do que chamamos de espírito de época. Se na zoologia tornava-se possível uma nova classificação dos animais, na literatura assistimos a vários escritores que se ocuparam de ordenar os tipos sociais então presentes. Este trabalho, portanto, pretende uma análise de “Um grande homem da província em Paris” (1839), segunda parte do romance Ilusões perdidas (1837-1843), de Balzac, e de “Aquarelas” (1859), série de artigos críticos de Machado de Assis, publicados na revista O Espelho (1859-1860). A comparação tem o intuito de mostrar a maneira como cada autor reagiu a esse espírito de época, ao tratar de assuntos essenciais para a compreensão do tempo e espaço em que viviam, tal como a imprensa periódica, que alcançava um ritmo sem precedentes.
DA CAPITAL DO IMPÉRIO À PROVÍNCIA NO NORTE: A TRAJETÓRIA DE ROMANCES PORTUGUESES NO TERRITÓRIO BRASILEIRO OITOCENTISTA
Authors: Maia de Queiroz Juliana , Oliveira França Lueny Amanda
Published: September 2018

A circulação de romances no Brasil pode ser confirmada a partir da atividade literária presente na imprensa periódica no século XIX, que foi fundamental para a consolidação desse gênero no território brasileiro. A segunda metade daquele século representa o momento de expansão dessa forma literária, e assistiu a um importante comércio de livros realizado principalmente por livreiros europeus estabelecidos nas províncias e na capital do império, responsáveis pelo trânsito de livros entre Portugal e Brasil. Esses comerciantes divulgavam a chegada dos romances de maior sucesso da época nos periódicos oitocentistas de maior fluxo no entorno do Brasil. À vista disso, este estudo busca comparar os romances portugueses em trânsito no Rio de Janeiro, sede do império, e em Belém, na província do Grão-Pará, por meio da coleta de dados nos periódicos Jornal do Commercio e Diário de Belém. Assim, poderemos verificar as práticas de leitura naquela época e, de tal modo, resgatarmos parte da história da leitura no Brasil.
DA POÉTICA DA JANELA AO OLHO DA RUA: A FORMAÇÃO DA NARRATIVA JORNALÍSTICA
Authors: Da Cunha Santos Jeana Laura
Published: September 2018

Este ensaio, dividido em duas partes, procura elucidar algumas transformações na maneira de olhar para os acontecimentos da cidade e que, consequentemente, traria modificações na escritura que se processaria sobre tais eventos. Para tanto, utiliza a janela como metáfora do olho que enxerga de uma perspectiva imóvel e a caminhada pela cidade como metáfora do novo texto caleidoscópico que passaria a circular no veículo móvel do jornal: a crônica. Parte-se da ideia de que o primeiro texto representa o escritor confinado em seu gabinete e o segundo o surgimento do flâneur que mergulha na cidade correndo riscos. Tal tipo, descrito por Walter Benjamin no contexto parisiense e por João do Rio no Brasil do começo do século XX, seria, no entendimento da autora, a prefiguração do cronista e depois do repórter das massas.
JORNALISMO E LITERATURA: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE PERFIS DE CELEBRIDADES NA REVISTA ROLLING STONE
Authors: Freitas Camila , Souza Kátia Regina
Published: September 2018

Neste trabalho, analisamos dois perfis jornalísticos presentes na edição brasileira da revista Rolling Stone, publicados nos meses de julho e setembro de 2015. Nosso objetivo é entender como os quatro recursos literários – construção cena a cena, detalhe, ponto de vista e diálogo –, defendidos por Wolfe (2005) como essenciais ao Novo Jornalismo, auxiliam os repórteres da Rolling Stone a construir os perfis de celebridades. A abordagem metodológica usada foi a Análise de Narrativa (MOTTA, 2013). Ao longo deste texto, discutimos brevemente sobre jornalismo literário, perfil jornalístico, celebridade e Novo Jornalismo. Para tanto, nos amparamos nas ideias de Ferrari e Sodré (1986), Kotscho (2000), Marcondes Filho (2000), Resende (2002), Villas Boas (2003), Antonio Olinto (2008) e Benetti (2013).
JORNALISMO E LITERATURA: A CRÔNICA DE RACHEL DE QUEIROZ
Authors: Sobral Gustavo Leite , Alberto Dantas Juliana Bulhões
Published: September 2018

Rachel de Queiroz se considerava essencialmente jornalista e, durante toda a vida, escreveu crônicas para jornais e para a revista semanal O Cruzeiro. A partir da leitura de seus escritos, é possível identificar na página do jornal diário a crônica como parte de um sistema, resultado de uma comunicação midiática e, portanto, instância de produção de sentido. Nesse contexto, apresentamos uma compilação de temas tratados em suas crônicas (QUEIROZ, 1963, 1976, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2006).
O DISCURSO JORNALÍSTICO E AS FACES DO FATO EM O MEZ DA GRIPPE DE VALÊNCIO XAVIER
Authors: Pavloski Evanir
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as múltiplas visões interpretativas de um momento histórico que se entrelaçam na novela O mez da grippe de Valêncio Xavier, tendo, como foco principal, a cobertura jornalística da epidemia de gripe espanhola de 1918 na capital paranaense. Para tanto, serão tomadas como corpus de análise as notícias de dois periódicos da época que, inseridas na obra de Xavier de forma contrastiva, demonstram a relevância dos planos de expressão e de conteúdo para a concretização discursiva dos textos. Além disso, com base nos estudos sobre as conflituosas relações entre a historiografia e outros gêneros de registro histórico, como a literatura e o próprio jornalismo, pretendemos demonstrar a influência de aspectos socioculturais nessas práticas discursivas, desmitificando ideais tradicionais de representação do real como espelhamento, imparcialidade e objetividade. Finalmente, argumentaremos que a discussão sobre os limites dos elementos subjetivos e objetivos no discurso jornalístico, ao invés de minorar sua importância, valoriza-o como agente ativo no processo de construção e de reconstrução da História.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO CANGAÇO EM JOSÉ LINS DO REGO
Authors: Mateus de Souza Castro Netanias
Published: September 2018

José Lins do Rego integra um projeto estético-literário denominado Romance de 30, cujas atenções voltam-se para a construção de uma literatura que conte o Brasil a partir do elemento regional. Transitando entre a zona açucareira e os sertões paraibanos, a obra do escritor é repleta de diversas problemáticas sociais ligadas ao Nordeste, como o fenômeno de banditismo rural denominado cangaço, presente em alguns momentos de Lins do Rego. Partindo disso, procura-se, aqui, estudar a(s) representação(ões) do cangaço na obra reguiana, tratando o acontecimento histórico como elemento estético da obra em questão. Os três romances estudados são Menino de Engenho, Fogo Morto e Cangaceiros, havendo entre cada um o distanciamento temporal de pelo menos uma década. Ao final desta leitura, é possível perceber que o cangaço enquanto tema dos romances do paraibano é progressivo, ganhando espaço dentro dos enredos; não se podendo esquecer que, enquanto aspecto estético, dialoga intimamente com a estrutura das narrativas.
DA BELEZA À PERDIÇÃO: A NUDEZ FEMININA, O EROTISMO E O MAL EM CARMEM DE PROSPER MÉRIMÉE A VICENTE ARANDA
Authors: Carvalho Sueleny Ribeiro
Published: September 2018

Este artigo pretende verificar a representação da mulher como objeto de voyeurismo e fetichismo através da exposição da nudez no filme Carmem de Vicente Aranda e a forma de representação da personagem na novela homônima de Prosper Mérimée, e o citado filme. Para tanto, propomos, em nossa análise, o entrelaçamento teórico entre as questões do erotismo – sexualidade e identidade – e gênero. Em se tratando das representações de Carmem, tanto no texto literário quanto no cinema, o que prevalece são as representações da mulher demônio em oposição à mulher santa. Acreditamos que essa forma de representação que coloca a personagem entre os sentimentos masculinos de atração e repulsa, é resultado da própria idealização masculina a respeito da mulher, fruto do discurso dominante sobre a mulher e o erotismo que culmina no processo de construção dos estereótipos femininos, construído e fixado ao longo da história da civilização ocidental. Nesse sentido, buscaremos fundamentar nossa pesquisa nos estudo sobre cinema, identidade e erotismo, fundamentados por teóricos(as) e estudiosos(as) como Anne Kapla, Flores Nogueira Diniz, Renato Cunha, Judith Butler, Otavio Paz, Georges Bataille, dentre outros. 
LITERATURA E INFORMAÇÃO NA CARTA DE PERO VAZ DE CAMINHA
Authors: De Paula José Wander
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a Carta Fundadora escrita pelo escrivão das naus portuguesas, Pero Vaz de Caminha, a partir de uma análise de seus objetivos iniciais e a ressonância da escrita utilizada pelo escritor para a informação e o deslumbramento. Esta perspectiva é guiada a partir de referencial teórico sobre a Carta e a formação da Literatura Brasileira, a partir do que estudou: Massaud Moisés (2001), Silvio Castro (1996) e Carlos Nejar (2007) – escritores que parecem cotejar da mesma resolução de entrever no texto de Caminha recursos literários. Também foi utilizado a reflexão efetuada por Terry Eagleton (2006) sobre o que é Literatura, com a qual foi possível problematizar a definição do tema em relação à carta de Pero Vaz de Caminha e seu estilo de escrita. Foi utilizada como material de consulta a Carta com a ortografia atualizada, disponível em domínio público.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DO PERFIL COMO GÊNERO EM ‘SINATRA ESTÁ RESFRIADO’
Authors: Braz Michelle Moreira , Sardinha Antonio Carlos
Published: September 2018

A apreensão das características gerais, estratégias e delineamentos da produção do perfil como narrativa produzida pelo repórter a partir da apropriação técnica e estética na construção de sentido operadas pelo jornalismo nas especificidades lingüísticas/discursivas é uma questão, por si só, que provoca inquietações de ordem teórica e prática. Compreender a dimensão conceitual do perfil como gênero peculiar no jornalismo e elaborar por meio das técnicas de reportagem essa narrativa demanda problematização que alcance, sobretudo, a instância de produção de sentido, operado pelo repórter-narrador. Neste artigo, o interesse é compreender o perfil como gênero na perspectiva de Mikhail Bakhtin, considerando abordagem teórico-metodológica do teórico russo, a partir da análise do perfil “Frank Sinatra has a cold”, produzido pelo jornalista Gay Talese para a revista Esquire em abril de 1966. Em termos gerais, a compreensão das características de produção do discurso no perfil torna um elemento conceitual para refletir sobre o fazer jornalístico, ética, construção de uma personagem em trânsito com a esfera pública e privada, tomadas de posição – e poder – nas relações entre jornalista e perfilado.

 
Human Beta Defensin 1 (hbd1) Levels in Sputum and Lysate of Mononuclear Blood Cells of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Authors: Ekhegbai Musa Solomon , Adekunle Onifade AbdulFatai , Ganiyu Arinola Olatunbosun
Published: September 2018

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) that causes pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) occupies the lungs, while human β-defensin-1 (hBD1) is expressed in all human epithelial tissues as one of the products of phagocytic leucocytes, especially at the site of microbial colonisation such as the lungs. The involvement of hBD1 in mycobacterial infection has not been extensively studied, thus there is the need to measure the levels of the hBD1 in mononuclear cell lysates and sputum of PTB patients at diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: Ninety participants aged between 15 and 64 years were recruited as follows: 30 newly diagnosed multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients and 30 newly diagnosed drug-sensitive TB patients (DS-TB) from MDR-TB Treatment centre and the Medicine Outpatient Clinic at University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria. Thirty (30) non-TB apparently healthy individuals served as controls. The analytical method employed for the measurement of hBD1 in the sputum and lysate was the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, and the differences between the means were established using Student (t) test. P-value ≤ 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Results: The mean levels of lysate and sputum hBD1 were not significantly different in newly diagnosed DS–TB patients (D0)compared with control(p > 0.05). Whereas, the mean levels of lysate and sputum hBD1 were significantly higher in newly diagnosed MDR–TB patients (M0) compared with newly diagnosed DS–TB patients (D0)or control (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Due to the higher levels of hBD1 in the sputum and lysate of M0 than in D0, one might conclude that there is a relationship between chronicity of PTB and hBD1 level.
The Response, Operability, and Type of Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Sudanese Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohamed Abdelsamie Abdalla , Mohamed Kamal Eldein H. , Saad Eltaib A. , Mahmoud Shadad M.
Published: September 2018

Background:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) treatment has become the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) in many centers worldwide.
Objectives: This study evaluates the short-term response of patients with LABC to NACT and its impact on operability and the type of surgery.
Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive analytical hospital-based study including 147 patients with LABC who were presented to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit at Soba University hospital (SUH), between January 2012 and December 2014, and were treated with NACT. Clinical and pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated according to Union for International Cancer Control criteria, operability, and the type of surgery performed was also recorded. Results: All patients were females, the mean age was 43 ± 7 years, of them 53.7% were pre-menopausal, 51% presented with a breast lump, 19.7% with nipple discharge, and 19% with skin changes and ulceration. The mean initial tumor size was 7 cm ± SD. Following NACT, complete clinical response was reported in 30 patients (20.4%), partial clinical response in 92(62.6%), stable clinical response in 20 (13.6%), and five (3.4%) had progressive clinical response. Initial smaller tumors (size < 5 cm) showed a better clinical response to NACT as 76.7% of complete clinical response was achieved.Pathological complete response was achieved in 25(17%) patients, pathological partial response in 102(74.1%), and pathological stable disease in 13(8.8%). Following NACT, breast conserving surgery was performed in 78(53.1%) patients, Modified Radical Mastectomy in 64(43.5%), 25 of them had Latissimus Dorsi, and five patients were not offered surgery as they developed progressive disease during the study period.
Conclusion: Following NACT, it was possible to perform surgery in more than 96% of patients with LABC.
Hypertension related to the antitumor treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors: an iatrogenic hypertension
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Shavarova E. K.
Published: September 2018

One of the key regulators of vascular tone is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can enhance the production of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator, and reduce vascular resistance by generating new vessels. Both mechanisms contribute to blood pressure decrease. The implementation of a new class of antitumor therapy — inhibitors of VEGF signaling pathway — results in the growth of cardiovascular complications such as arterial hypertension (HTN). The paper analyzes the causes of HTN development, approaches to the timely diagnosis of HTN and the correct assessment of cardiovascular risk before administration of VEGF inhibitors and during the treatment. We also review the features of the approaches of elevated blood pressure management in patients receiving targeted therapy.
The fixed combination of lisinopril and indapamide: optimization of cardioprotection in hypertensive patients
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Dragomiretskaya N. A.
Published: September 2018

The article presents current knowledge of рro- and antihypertensive mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension (HTN), and antihypertensive management strategies. Particular attention is paid to the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril and thiazide-like diuretic indapamide. The mechanisms and effects are described. The paper discusses the results of multicenter randomized clinical trials, and the antihypertensive effects of lisinopril and indapamide and their impact on myocardial hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. The potential advantages of fixed combination of lisinopril and indapamide in the treatment of patients with HTN are also discussed.
Empirical Analysis of Intercultural Communication and Multicultural Team Performance: A Case of Uzbek and Russian Managers in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khudaykulov Akmal , Doniyorov Alisher
Published: September 2018

There is a practical problem which this study will solve given that Uzbekistan is a country in which members of many ethnicities live. This article aims at identifying the Intercultural communication competence of Russian and Uzbek managers, team performance of a diverse team, and analyze how well these nations collaborate with each other. The main objective of this study is to explain the high team performance and intercultural communication competence. The data had been collected from various companies across Uzbekistan. Both online and paper questionnaires were distributed to Russian and Uzbek managers. Fundamental statistical procedures are applied to answer the questions of our research. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity testing, regression modeling and other statistical indicators were used to validate our theory. The findings suggested that Russian and Uzbek managers do not differ significantly in their Intercultural communication competence. Overall intercultural competence score of Russian managers is insignificantly higher. Nonetheless, Uzbek respondents scored higher on the Interpersonal Skills dimension than Russian participants. Team performance of Uzbek managers is higher than Russian ones. Through regression analysis, an impact of Intercultural Communication Competence on Multicultural Team Performance has also been established. The mentioned studies have implications for the practice of Uzbek companies, and organizational theory, as such research has not been conducted on the sample of these nations. The study provides a knowledge foundation, and it will give us a specific insight into Uzbekistan working culture and relationships between different cultural backgrounds.
Impact of Active Learning on Mathematical Achievement: an Empirical Study in Saudi Arabia Primary Schools
Authors: Abdullah M. Alharbi Awatif , Yang Cuihong
Published: September 2018

As learning at a primary school level is a critical process in setting foundations for individuals’ development, a sensitive and meticulous approach should be taken in the process of instruction and teaching strategy development for various subjects of the school curriculum. Learning can be divided into various types, with cooperative and active being recognized as a key component that may result in better study outcomes. Active learning has been a subject of this study. The paper explores the ways to achieve superior job math achievement among students through impacting their motivation. The study aims to explore the methods of active learning applied in primary school math classes. After the research model has been developed, a similar questionnaire survey was constructed and conducted on the sample of Saudi Arabian pupils and teachers. The subject of the study is Saudi Arabia, a developed economy that based most of its development on oil exports. To stay competitive, new strategies and ways of competitiveness need to be found. The education of its nationals is an important pillar in achieving the overall competitiveness of the country. The data was collected in primary schools in Makkah city. 1060 students and 61 teachers participated in the project. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The quantitative analysis consisted of descriptive statistics calculation, assumption testing, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The findings of the research suggest that active learning enhances student motivation. Another finding of the paper shows that increasing certain factors of student motivations will result in better math achievement. Thus, the findings of the research can be useful for the educators and policymakers to suggest introducing more active learning into the curriculum.
A Discussion with Jamie Bittle about Building an Inverted Integrated Gate Bipolar Transistor Torque Tool
Authors: Bittle Jamie , 2016 Class of
Published: September 2018

Video Segments:

 

Can you describe your research and findings? 0:03-0:25

Can you describe the tool? 0:25-1:03

Were you in a group? 1:03-1:28

What was your job as Project Lead? 1:28-1:48

What’s the finished product? 1:48-2:01

How did it feel to be done? 2:01-2:11

What was your favorite part of the project? 2:11-2:38

Did your group have an advisor? 2:38-2:52

Did you have to get the parts approved? 2:52-3:34

What was the most challenging part? 3:34-3:54

What was your biggest takeaway? 3:54-4:13

What advice do you have for the next class? 4:13-4:34

Anything else we should know? 4:34-4:40
Brien Twomey Discusses His Research about Privacy Practices by Global Smartphone Application Users
Authors: Twomey Brien , 2016 Class of
Published: September 2018

Video Segments:

Can you describe your research? 0:04-0:50

What did you find out about your research? 0:50-1:41

Can you elaborate more on that? 1:41-3:20

What made you interested in doing a research project? 3:20-4:13

What was your favorite part? 4:13-4:50

What are you doing next with your project? 4:50-5:16

What was the hardest part? 5:16-5:52

What was it like seeing all of the other research? 5:52-6:22

What skills did you get from this project? 6:22-7:13

What advice do you have for other researchers? 7:13-7:31
Editor's Note
Authors: Horning Sarah-Marie , 2020 Class of
Published: September 2018

Sarah Horning reflects on editing The Boller Review.
#Terrorism: Factors Shaping the Nature of Social Media Campaigns Responding to Terrorism
Authors: Mather Allison , 2017 Class of
Published: September 2018

Terrorism is a prevalent problem across the globe. While many scholars focus on counterterrorism strategies and potential causes, little research exists about the reactions of civilians to terrorist attacks. Civilians increasingly turn to digital platforms to generate social media campaigns in response to terrorism. To identify the elements of terrorist attacks that shape social media campaigns, this study assesses two cases: the Charlie Hebdo shootings on January 7, 2015, and the Paris attacks on November 13, 2015. By assessing the nature of the attacks in both cases and examining the news media and Twitter content surrounding both incidents, this study generates several hypotheses about the factors that influence civilian reactions to terrorism and the impacts of civilian-produced social media campaigns. Exploring an area that is largely untapped by scholars, this study develops suggestions for further research into the effects of civilian responses to terrorism.
The Lessons Learned from Media Coverage of Racial Unrest in Ferguson, Missouri
Authors: Carter Tobi , 2017 Class of
Published: September 2018

The idea of media representation of ethnic minorities has been an issue that journalists faced for centuries. There has been a recent demand for more representative journalism and more diversity in the newsroom to increase the number of perspectives shown. This paper investigates the Ferguson riots, how journalists covered the event and what they can do to improve coverage of racial riots (a public outbreak of violence between two different ethnic groups, whether the violence be to physical property or to other people) to create a more nuanced and representative picture.  

Through the analyses of online news articles reporting on the riots in Ferguson and a series of interviews conducted with reporters who were on the ground in Ferguson, some common themes to improve the representation of ethnic minorities emerge: Simply do not “parachute” in to the scene, but rather get to know the community you are reporting on. Do not rely on only government officials to tell the story. Lastly, do not take the riots at face value; gather information and data to create some context surrounding the events.
Son of Man: A Rock Opera
Authors: Berry Nathan , 2017 Class of
Published: September 2018

Son of Man is a rock opera of twenty-two scenes which explore evangelical Christianity and the consequences of a theology that is not affirming of LGBTQ+ individuals. The opera introduces queer characters into a biblical world where Judas falls in love with Jesus and Hannah (a fictional younger sister of Jesus) is secretly in a relationship with another woman. The purpose of these variations is to explore the question "What if Jesus were like this?" By introducing modern understandings of sexuality and gender identity, the opera seeks to explore the ways Jesus' ministry is relevant to our lives today.
Effective Creative Writing Instruction
Authors: Crow Katelyn , 2017 Class of
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this project is to couple existing literature and research along with my own experience in order to develop unique recommendations for incorporating creative writing instruction into the English Language Arts classroom. I arrived at this line of inquiry after noticing a lack of creative writing instruction during my student teaching, despite the fact that I always believed creative writing to be an integral component of the English Language Arts classroom. Through my research, I sought to discover the merits of creative writing instruction as well as good practices for implementation.