bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between social isolation and loneliness with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional internet survey
Authors: Ukai Tomohiko , Tabuchi Takahiro
Published: November 2023

Objectives

We examined the association between social isolation and loneliness, increasingly recognised but neglected social determinants of health, with being unvaccinated against COVID-19.

Design

This was a cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants

A representative cohort of 22 756 individuals (aged 15–81 years) from the general Japanese population who responded to both the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey 2021 and Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey 2022.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

We calculated the ORs of remaining unvaccinated against COVID-19 in 2022, attributable to social isolation as assessed by the Lubben Social Network Scale, or loneliness as evaluated by the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale version 3. Reasons for abstaining from vaccination were solicited from the unvaccinated respondents. A multivariable logistic regression model was conducted with adjustments for demographic variables. Propensity score-matched comparisons were conducted as part of the sensitivity analysis.

Results

Individuals with social isolation were more likely to be unvaccinated (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.60), while individuals with loneliness were not (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.05). Socially isolated individuals were significantly less likely to receive information from people who had been vaccinated (11% vs 15%) and less likely not to trust the vaccine approval process (19% vs 27%) compared with those who were not socially isolated.

Conclusions

Despite not harbouring negative perceptions of the vaccine, socially isolated individuals exhibited lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Socially isolated individuals are important targets to reach to increase the number of vaccinated individuals.
Effects ofEurycoma longifolia Jackstandardised water extract (Physta) on well-being of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group study
Authors: Muniandy Subashini , Yahya Hanis Mastura , Shahar Suzana , Kamisan Atan Ixora , Mahdy Zaleha Abdullah , Rajab Nor Fadilah , George Annie , Chinnappan Sasikala M
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Eurycoma longifolia Jack(EL), profoundly recognised as ‘Tongkat Ali’, is a medicinal herb originating from Southeast Asia. It is commonly used in traditional ‘antiageing’ treatments to address decreased energy, mood, libido and hormonal imbalances. While the benefits of EL have been extensively studied among the male population, less attention has been given to its effects on women. Menopause can impact the overall well-being of middle-aged women and incorporation of herbal supplements can aid them in managing the menopausal symptoms.

Methods and analysis

This 12-week randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the standardised water extract of EL known as Physta in increasing the quality of life of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study involves 150 women aged 40–55 years who score more than 61 on the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) assessment. These participants will be randomised into three groups, receiving Physta at either 50 mg or 100 mg or a placebo. The outcomes measures include mood state, quality of life, fatigue, sleep quality, sexual function and pain score assessed using Profile of Mood State, MENQOL, Chalder Fatigue Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Female Sexual Function Index and the Brief Pain Inventory questionnaires, respectively. The secondary outcome of the study includes full blood analysis, urine analysis, female reproductive hormone profiling, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

The research protocol of the study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM/PPI/111/8/JEP-2021-898). The findings will be disseminated to participants, healthcare professionals and researchers via conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12622001341718.
Cohort profile: recruitment and retention in a prospective cohort of Canadian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cherry Nicola , Adisesh Anil , Burstyn Igor , Durand-Moreau Quentin , Galarneau Jean-Michel , Labrèche France , Ruzycki Shannon M , Zadunayski Tanis
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Healthcare workers were recruited early in 2020 to chart effects on their health as the COVID-19 pandemic evolved. The aim was to identify modifiable workplace risk factors for infection and mental ill health.

Participants

Participants were recruited from four Canadian provinces, physicians (medical doctors, MDs) in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec, registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and healthcare aides (HCAs) in Alberta and personal support workers (PSWs) in Ontario. Volunteers gave blood for serology testing before and after vaccination. Cases with COVID-19 were matched with up to four referents in a nested case-referent study.

Findings to date

Overall, 4964/5130 (97%) of those recruited joined the longitudinal cohort: 1442 MDs, 3136 RNs, 71 LPNs, 235 PSWs, 80 HCAs. Overall, 3812 (77%) were from Alberta. Prepandemic risk factors for mental ill health and respiratory illness differed markedly by occupation. Participants completed questionnaires at recruitment, fall 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022. By 2022, 4837 remained in the cohort (127 had retired, moved away or died), for a response rate of 89% (4299/4837). 4567/4964 (92%) received at least one vaccine shot: 2752/4567 (60%) gave postvaccine blood samples. Ease of accessing blood collection sites was a strong determinant of participation. Among 533 cases and 1697 referents recruited to the nested case-referent study, risk of infection at work decreased with widespread vaccination.

Future plans

Serology results (concentration of IgG) together with demographic data will be entered into the publicly accessible database compiled by the Canadian Immunology Task Force. Linkage with provincial administrative health databases will permit case validation, investigation of longer-term sequelae of infection and comparison with community controls. Analysis of the existing dataset will concentrate on effects on IgG of medical condition, medications and stage of pregnancy, and the role of occupational exposures and supports on mental health during the pandemic.
Barriers and facilitators to dementia care in long-term care facilities: protocol for a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Zhang Xi , Guan Chengguo , He Jinjie , Wang Jing
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Long-term care needs for people with dementia are predicted to increase due to increased life expectancy and dementia diagnoses. Most published meta- syntheses of dementia care focus on hospitals or home settings. When focusing on long-term care facilities, most reviews about dementia care only focus on a single outcome, such as feeding, behavioural symptoms management, palliative care and others, which is limited. The present study aims to synthesise qualitative data and examine barriers and facilitators to caring for people with dementia in long-term care facilities.

Methods and analysis

This is the protocol for our systematic review and meta-synthesis, which describes the design of this study, and we plan to complete the study from October 2023 to November 2024. The systematic review and meta-synthesis will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Nine databases (five English and four Chinese) were searched, including Embase, Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Wan Fang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP and Chinese Biomedical Medicine, from inception to August 2023. Qualitative and mixed-approach research about barriers and facilitators to caring for people with dementia in long-term care facilities, which are reported in English or Chinese, will be included. Covidence software will help with study selection, assessment and data extraction. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research (2020) will be used for included studies’ quality assessment. Data extraction will be based on the JBI Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument Data Extraction Tool for Qualitative Research. The JBI aggregation approach will be used to synthesise data. We will use the JBI ConQual tool to assess the credibility and dependability of each synthesised finding to establish confidence in the synthesised findings. All review steps will be managed by two reviewers independently, and disparities will be discussed. If consensus cannot reach a resolution, a third reviewer will be consulted.

Ethics and dissemination

The present study is a secondary analysis of published qualitative data. So ethical approval is not required. The findings may be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference papers or elsewhere.

PROSPERO registration number

The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) in May 2022, and the registration number is CRD42022326178.
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty compared with ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sela Tal Corina , Iflah Moti , Muhsen Khitam , Zahavi Alon
Published: November 2023

Aims

This study aims to compare the clinical outcome of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) in patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction due to Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis using a literature search of Embase, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO ICTRP databases. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that compared DMEK and UT-DSAEK (graft<130 µm), with a follow-up of ≥12 months, published until 20 February 2022. We used the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies-of Interventions system for cohort studies.

Results

Out of 144 records, 8 studies (3 RCTs, 2 fellow-eye studies and 3 cohort studies) were included, encompassing 376 eyes, (N=187 DMEK vs N=189 UT-DSAEK). The 12-month logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was better post-DMEK (mean difference −0.06 (95% CI −0.10 to –0.02)), but with higher rebubbling risk: OR 2.76 (95% CI 1.46 to 5.22). Heterogeneity was significant I2=57%. Findings were consistent when excluding retrospective studies, including only studies with low risk of bias or RCTs only. An analysis of studies with mean DSAEK grafts <70 µm showed no significant difference in BCVA between the procedures. Publication bias was found in the BCVA analysis (Egger’s test p=0.023).

Conclusions

Post-DMEK BCVA is superior to post-UT-DSAEK when using <130 µm grafts. DSAEK grafts <70 µm may not significantly differ from DMEK. The higher risk of rebubbling with DMEK necessitates an appropriate selection of patients.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022340805.
Risk identification for the development of large-artery vasospasm after aneurysmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage – a multivariate, risk-, and location-adjusted prediction model
Authors: Schwarting Julian , Trost Dominik , Albrecht Carolin , Jörger Ann-Kathrin , Zimmer Claus , Wostrack Maria , Meyer Bernhard , Bodden Jannis , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias
Published: November 2023

Background

Vasospasm of the large cerebral arteries (CVS) after aneurysmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) reduces cerebral perfusion and causes delayed cerebral ischemia. Although endovascular spasmolysis shows convincing angiographic results, patients often do not improve in outcome. Delayed recognition of CVS contributes substantially to this effect. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm established and to identify unknown risk factors for CVS, which can be used for risk stratification.

Methods

In this monocentric, retrospective cohort study of 853 patients with aSAH, we compared demographics, clinical, and radiographic parameters at the time of aneurysm occlusion between patients who developed CVS and those who did not. Significant cohort differences were included as predictors in a multivariate analysis to address confounding. Logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of CVS for each predictor.

Results

Of the 853 patients treated with aSAH, 304 (32%) developed CVS. In the univariable analysis, CVS was significantly associated with young age, female sex, aneurysm location, modified Fisher score, Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) score, and surgical interventions. In the multivariable regression analysis, we identified BNI score (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.58, p=0.002), decompressive craniectomy (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.22 to 3.04, p=0.005), and aneurysm clipping (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.29, p<0.001), as independent risk factors.

Conclusions

Young female patients with high BNI scores who undergo surgical interventions are more likely to develop CVS and should therefore be monitored most intensively after aneurysm occlusion.
CLinical EValuation of WEB 17 device in intracranial aneuRysms (CLEVER): procedural, 30-day and 1-year safety results for ruptured and unruptured aneurysms
Authors: Spelle Laurent , Costalat Vincent , Caroff Jildaz , Wodarg Fritz , Fischer Sebastian , Herbreteau Denis , Möhlenbruch Markus A , Januel Anne-Christine , Papagiannaki Chrysanthi , Klisch Joachim , Numminen Jussi , Rautio Riitta , Berlis Ansgar , Mihalea Cristian , Chalumeau Vanessa , Downer Jonathan , Cortese Jonathan , Ikka Léon , Gallas Sophie , Bester Maxim , Liebig Thomas , Velasco Stéphane , Grimaldi Lamiae , Byrne James , Szikora Istvan , Pierot Laurent , Cognard Christophe
Published: November 2023

Background

Intrasaccular flow disruption is an endovascular approach for the treatment of wide-neck aneurysms and, more specifically, wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms, which are challenging to treat with previously developed technologies. The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device has demonstrated its efficacy and safety, for both unruptured and ruptured aneurysms.

Methods

The CLEVER study was an observational, multicenter, prospective study conducted in 17 European investigational sites using the WEB 17 device, for the treatment of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. The study objective was to provide safety and efficacy data on the WEB 17 device in the treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms. Imaging results were assessed independently by a Corelab and adverse events adjudicated by a Clinical Event Adjudicator. This analysis reports procedural results and safety at 30 days and 12 months.

Results

A total of 163 patients (mean age 58.1 years; 68.1% women) with 103 unruptured aneurysms and 60 ruptured aneurysms were enrolled. Most aneurysms were located on the anterior communicating artery (ACom) (37.4%) or the middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation (30.1%). Aneurysm widths ranged from 2.0–9.2 mm, and the mean sac width was 5.0 mm. The WEB procedure was successfully completed in 163 patients (100%). At the 12-month follow-up, major stroke events occurred in 3 of 163 patients (1.8%), and no device-related mortality was observed.

Conclusion

Endovascular treatment of ruptured and unruptured wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms using WEB 17 is safe, with a low complication rate and no device-related mortality. In particular, none of the ruptured aneurysms bled again up to 1 year of follow-up.

Trial registration number

NCT03844334
.
Integrating health justice into the biopsychosocial-spiritual model to promote well-being
Authors: Torres-Deas Lucille M , Lypson Monica L , Puchalski Christina M
Published: November 2023

Since the onset of the pandemic and murder of George Floyd, the realities of social determinants of health, the need for health justice and antiracism have been featured more prominently in our daily work in healthcare. There is increasing evidence that we must focus our efforts on retaining all within healthcare and in particular those from marginalised groups to ensure our ability to: care for our increasingly diverse patient populations, address health inequities and improve the health of our patients and communities. Thus, if we truly want to recruit and retain a diverse healthcare workforce that reflects our diverse patient population, we need to create a culture of respect and inclusion and a place where each individual can thrive. The biopsychosocial-spiritual framework is one model that we can use. In 2013, in Geneva, a global consensus developed a set of standards and recommended strategies to provide whole person care and spiritual care across the health continuum, not only for palliative care. Integrating health justice into the biopsychosocial-spiritual model to promote well-being, we believe we will create a culture of respect and inclusion for each healthcare worker to thrive and define/renew their meaning and purpose in medicine in hopes to retain and recruit a diverse healthy workforce to provide high-quality whole person care for our diverse patient population, especially those from historically marginalised groups, and create sustainable strategies to promote health justice.
3D Finger Rotation Estimation from Fingerprint Images
Authors: Duan Yongjie , Yu Jinyang , Feng Jianjiang , He Ke , Lu Jiwen , Zhou Jie
Published: November 2023

Various touch-based interaction techniques have been developed to make interactions on mobile
devices more effective, efficient, and intuitive. Finger orientation, especially, has attracted a
lot of attentions since it intuitively brings three additional degrees of freedom (DOF) compared
with two-dimensional (2D) touching points. The mapping of finger orientation can be classified as
being either absolute or relative, suitable for different interaction applications. However, only
absolute orientation has been explored in prior works. The relative angles can be calculated based
on two estimated absolute orientations, although, a higher accuracy is expected by predicting
relative rotation from input images directly. Consequently, in this paper, we propose to estimate
complete 3D relative finger angles based on two fingerprint images, which incorporate more
information with a higher image resolution than capacitive images. For algorithm training and
evaluation, we constructed a dataset consisting of fingerprint images and their corresponding
ground truth 3D relative finger rotation angles. Experimental results on this dataset revealed
that our method outperforms previous approaches with absolute finger angle models. Further,
extensive experiments were conducted to explore the impact of image resolutions, finger types, and
rotation ranges on performance. A user study was also conducted to examine the efficiency and
precision using 3D relative finger orientation in 3D object rotation task.
Hum-ble Beginnings: Developing Touch- and Proximity-Input-Based Interfaces for Zoo-Housed Giraffes’ Audio Enrichment
Authors: Grant Alana , Kankaanpää Vilma , Hirskyj-Douglas Ilyena
Published: November 2023

Though computer systems have entered widespread use for animals' enrichment in zoos, no interactive computer systems suited to giraffes have yet been developed. Hence, which input modes or audio stimuli giraffes might best utilise remains unknown. To address this issue and probe development of such systems alongside the animals themselves and zookeepers, researchers gathered requirements from the keepers and from prototyping with giraffes, then created two interfaces -- one touch-based and one proximity-based -- that play giraffe-humming audio or white noise when activated. Over two months of observation, giraffes utilised the proximity-based system more frequently than the touch-based one but in shorter episodes. Secondly, the study highlighted the significance of considering user-specific needs in computer systems' development: the lack of preference shown for any specific audio type indicates that the audio stimuli chosen were inappropriate for these giraffes. In addition, the paper articulates several lessons that can be drawn from human--computer interaction when one develops systems for animals and, in turn, what the findings presented mean for humans.
SurfaceCast: Ubiquitous, Cross-Device Surface Sharing
Authors: Echtler Florian , Maierhöfer Vitus , Hansen Nicolai Brodersen , Wimmer Raphael
Published: November 2023

Real-time online interaction is the norm today. Tabletops and other dedicated interactive surface devices with direct input and tangible interaction can enhance remote collaboration, and open up new interaction scenarios based on mixed physical/virtual components. However, they are only available to a small subset of users, as they usually require identical bespoke hardware for every participant, are complex to setup, and need custom scenario-specific applications.

We present SurfaceCast, a software toolkit designed to merge multiple distributed, heterogeneous end-user devices into a single, shared mixed-reality surface. Supported devices include regular desktop and laptop computers, tablets, and mixed-reality headsets, as well as projector-camera setups and dedicated interactive tabletop systems.
This device-agnostic approach provides a fundamental building block for exploration of a far wider range of usage scenarios than previously feasible, including future clients using our provided API.

In this paper, we discuss the software architecture of SurfaceCast, present a formative user study and a quantitative performance analysis of our framework, and introduce five example application scenarios which we enhance through the multi-user and multi-device features of the framework.
Our results show that the hardware- and content-agnostic architecture of SurfaceCast can run on a wide variety of devices with sufficient performance and fidelity for real-time interaction.
Cross-Domain Gesture Sequence Recognition for Two-Player Exergames using COTS mmWave Radar
Authors: Akbar Ahsan Jamal , Sheng Zhiyao , Zhang Qian , Wang Dong
Published: November 2023

Wireless-based gesture recognition provides an effective input method for exergames. However, previous works in wireless-based gesture recognition systems mainly recognize one primary user's gestures. In the multi-player scenario, the mutual interference between users makes it difficult to predict multiple players' gestures individually. To address this challenge, we propose a flexible FMCW-radar-based system, RFDual, which enables real-time cross-domain gesture sequence recognition for two players. To eliminate the mutual interference between users, we extract a new feature type, biased range-velocity spectrum (BRVS), which only depends on a target user. We then propose customized preprocessing methods (cropping and stationary component removal) to produce environment-independent and position-independent inputs. To enhance RFDual's resistance to unseen users and articulating speeds, we design effective data augmentation methods, sequence concatenating, and randomizing. RFDual is evaluated with a dataset containing only unseen gesture sequences and achieves a gesture error rate of 1.41%. Extensive experimental results show the impressive robustness of RFDual for data in new domains, including new users, articulating speeds, positions, and environments. These results demonstrate the great potential of RFDual in practical applications like two-player exergames and gesture/activity recognition for drivers and passengers in the cab.
Pari-Mutuel Betting Markets: Racetracks and Lotteries Revisited
Authors: Ziemba William T.
Published: November 2023

This survey discusses the state of the art in research in racetrack and lottery investment markets. Market efficiency and the pricing of various wagers are studied along with new developments since the Thaler & Ziemba (1988) review. The weak form inefficient market pricing approach using stochastic programming optimization models changed racetrack betting from handicapping to a financial market allowing professional syndicates to operate as hedge funds. Topics discussed include arbitrage and risk arbitrage, syndicates, betting exchange rebates, behavioral biases, and fundamental and mispricing information in racetrack and lottery markets. Similar models can be used to successfully trade stock market anomalies. Supplemental Materials are included online.
A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Nutritional Composition, and Pharmacologic Application of Species of the Genus Viola in Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)
Authors: Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Lukman Halimat Yusuf , Shaheen Hazem M. , Wasef Lamiaa , Hafiz Amin A. , Conte-Junior Carlos Adam , Al-Farga Ammar , Chamba Moses V. M. , Lawal Bashir
Published: November 2023

Viola L. is the largest genus of the Violaceae family with more than 500 species across the globe. The present extensive literature survey revealed Viola species to be a group of important nutritional and medicinal plants used for the ethnomedicinal treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, asthma, lung diseases, and fatigue. Many plant species of this genus have also received scientific validation of their pharmacological activities including neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidyslipidemic, analgesic, antipyretic, diuretic, anti‐inflammatory, anthelmintic, and antioxidant. Viola is highly rich in different natural products some of which have been isolated and identified in the past few decades; these include flavonoids terpenoids and phenylpropanoids of different pharmacological activities. The pharmacokinetics and clinical studies on this genus are lacking, and the present review is aimed at summarizing the current understanding of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, nutritional composition, and pharmacological profile of medicinal plants from the Viola genus to reveal its therapeutic potentials, gaps, and subsequently open a new window for future pharmacological research.
Transition from Child and Adolescent to Adult Mental Health Services in Young People with Depression: On What Do Clinicians Base their Recommendation?
Authors: van Bodegom Larissa S. , Overbeek Mathilde M. , Gerritsen Suzanne E. , Maras Athanasios , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Wolke Dieter , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Allibrio Giovanni , van Amelsvoort Therese A. M. J. , Appleton Rebecca , Armando Marco , Franić Tomislav , de Girolamo Giovanni , Madan Jason , Manenti Lidia , Margari Francesco , McNicholas Fiona , Pastore Adriana , Paul Moli , Purper-Ouakil Diane , Rinaldi Francesco , Saam Melanie C. , Santosh Paramala J. , Sartor Anne , Schulze Ulrike M. E. , Signorini Giulia , Singh Swaran P. , Street Cathy , Tah Priya , Tanase Elena , Tremmery Sabine , Tuomainen Helena , Dieleman Gwendolyn C.
Published: November 2023

Background. Clinicians in Child and Adolescent Mental Healthcare Services (CAMHS) face the challenge to determine who is at risk of persistence of depressive problems into adulthood and requires continued treatment after reaching the CAMHS upper age limit of care-provision. We assessed whether risk factors for persistence were related to CAMHS clinicians’ transition recommendations. Methods. Within the wider MILESTONE cohort study, 203 CAMHS users were classified with unipolar depressive disorder by their clinician, and 185 reported clinical levels of depressive problems on the DSM-oriented Depressive Problems scale of the Achenbach Youth Self Report. Logistic regression models were fitted to both subsamples to assess the relationship between clinicians’ transition recommendations and risk factors for persistent depression. Results. Only clinician-rated severity of psychopathology was related to a recommendation to continue treatment for those classified with unipolar depressive disorder (

N
=
203

;

OR
=
1.45

, 95% CI (1.03–2.03),

p
=
.044

) and for those with self-reported depressive problems on the Achenbach DSM-oriented Depressive Problems scale (

N
=
185

;

OR
=
1.62

, 95% CI (1.12–2.34),

p
=
.012

). Conclusion. Transition recommendations and need for continued treatment are based on clinical expertise, rather than self-reported problems and needs.
Production of Single-Cell Oil from a Local Isolate Bacillus subtilis Using Palm Fronds
Authors: Al-Obeidi Wassan Dawood Musa , Al-Rawi Dhafer F. , Ali Loay H.
Published: November 2023

This study, conducted at the Department of Biology, University of Anbar, Iraq, focuses on addressing the escalating issue of contamination and aims to acquire microbial oils to alleviate the global shortage in plant and animal oil production, utilizing environmental waste as a carbon source to reduce global pollution and select efficient local bacterial isolates of Bacillus subtilis for the production of single-cell oil (SCO) using local soil and environmental waste as a carbon source. Four isolates were selected as the best in producing single-cell oil, with the isolate with code C4 standing out as it recorded the highest production. It is worth noting that all these isolates belong to the bacteria type Bacillus subtilis. Palm fronds were found to be the most suitable environmental residue for SCO production compared to other waste materials (wheat straw and wheat bran). Submerged cultures were used to improve SCO production, with optimal conditions determined as pH 7, a temperature of 30°C, carbon source concentration of 3 g/100 ml, inoculum volume of 3 ml/100 ml, inoculum density of 20 × 107 cells, and an incubation period of 72 hours. The Soxhlet extraction method was used to obtain the oil, which was found to contain high percentages of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid (46.030%) and palmitoleic acid (16.579%). The oil was highly soluble in chloroform and ethanol but insoluble in water. The saponification test indicated the potential for soap production from the oil. This comprehensive research addresses the need for locally sourced and sustainable SCO production, offering insights into the selection of efficient bacterial isolates, the optimization of cultivation conditions, and the valuable properties of the resulting SCO. The significance of this study lies in the production of single-cell oil from soil-isolated Bacillus subtilis bacteria for use in food applications.
Research on Dynamic Monitoring and Early Warning of the High-Rise Building Machine during the Climbing Stage
Authors: Pan Xi , Zuo Zibo , Zhang Longlong , Zhao Tingsheng
Published: November 2023

High-rise building machines (HBMs) are commonly used for the construction of super-high skyscrapers. Monitoring and early warning are critical to ensure the safety of giant HBMs during dynamic climbing. However, no indicators or control methods directly reflect the dynamic safety state of such large structures. In this study, the key factors influencing the climbing altitude were systematically analyzed and a method for the dynamic monitoring and early warning of HBMs during climbing was proposed. This approach is innovative for monitoring 3D attitude in real time using a string of fiber grating-level sensors mounted on the main bearing surface of the HBM. Three-level early warning indicators and control methods that reflect the safety status of the HBM during dynamic climbing have been established. The method was successfully applied to a 356-m tall high-rise project, the Shenzhen Xinghe Yabao Building. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can monitor and control the safety state of the HBM climbing process more accurately than current methods in real time. In addition, it significantly reduces the impact of factors such as preclimbing differential deformation and climbing attitude recognition on the accuracy of the HBM climbing control. This guarantees the safe management of HBMs and the efficient construction of super high-rise buildings. The results of this study can also be widely applied to safety monitoring of the dynamic operation of giant construction machinery.
Patient Willingness to Use a Pharmacy-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Service: A National Survey of U.S. Adults
Authors: Shah Parth D. , Wangen Mary , Rohweder Catherine L. , Waters Austin R. , Odebunmi Olufeyisayo O. , Marciniak Macary W. , Ferrari Renée M. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Brenner Alison T.
Published: November 2023

Background:

We aimed to understand U.S. adults’ willingness to use a pharmacy-based fecal immunochemical test (FIT) distribution service for routine colorectal cancer screening called PharmFIT using Diffusion of Innovation Theory, evaluating patient's appraisals of the program's relative advantage, compatibility, and complexity.

Methods:

From March to April 2021, we conducted a national online survey of 1,045 U.S. adults ages 45 to 75. We identified correlates of patient willingness to use PharmFIT using structural equation modeling.

Results:

Most respondents (72%) were willing to get a FIT from their pharmacy for their regular colorectal cancer screening. Respondents were more willing to participate in PharmFIT if they perceived higher relative advantage ($\hat{\beta}$= 0.184; confidence interval, CI95%: 0.055–0.325) and perceived higher compatibility ($\hat{\beta}$ = 0.422; CI95%: 0.253–0.599) to get screened in a pharmacy, had longer travel times to their primary health care provider ($\hat{\beta}$ = 0.007; CI95%: 0.004–0.010). Respondents were less willing to participate in PharmFIT if they were 65 years or older ($\hat{\beta}$ = −0.220; CI95%: −0.362 to −0.070).

Conclusions:

Most U.S. adults would be willing to participate in PharmFIT for their routine colorectal cancer screening. Patient perceptions of the relative advantage and compatibility of PharmFIT were strongly associated with their willingness to use PharmFIT. Pharmacies should account for patient preferences for these two traits of PharmFIT to increase adoption and use.

Impact:

Pharmacy-based colorectal cancer screening may be a viable public health strategy to significantly increase equitable access to screening for U.S. residents.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Polymorphisms in Cyclooxygenase, Lipoxygenase, and TP53 Genes Predict Colorectal Polyp Risk Reduction by Aspirin in the seAFOod Polyp Prevention Trial
Authors: Davies John R. , Mell Tracey , Fuller Harriett , Harland Mark , Saleh Rasha N.M. , Race Amanda D. , Rees Colin J. , Brown Louise C. , Loadman Paul M. , Downing Amy , Minihane Anne Marie , Williams Elizabeth A. , Hull Mark A.
Published: November 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 shows the distribution of individual total (combined adenomatous and serrated polyp) colorectal polyp counts according to seAFOod trial treatment allocation by factorial margins and ALOX SNP genotypes.
Supplementary Figure S7 from Dynamic Risk Prediction of Treatment Discontinuation Using Patient-Reported Outcomes Data in the Phase III NSABP B-35 Trial
Authors: Calsavara Vinicius F. , Henry Norah L. , Hays Ron D. , Kim Sungjin , Luu Michael , Diniz Márcio A. , Gresham Gillian , Cecchini Reena S. , Yothers Greg , Ganz Patricia A. , Rogatko André , Tighiouart Mourad
Published: November 2023

Supplementary Figure S7 presents a screenshot of the web tool; the supplementary data provides instructions for utilizing the web-based treatment discontinuation predictive tool developed based on the predictive survival models.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Dynamic Risk Prediction of Treatment Discontinuation Using Patient-Reported Outcomes Data in the Phase III NSABP B-35 Trial
Authors: Calsavara Vinicius F. , Henry Norah L. , Hays Ron D. , Kim Sungjin , Luu Michael , Diniz Márcio A. , Gresham Gillian , Cecchini Reena S. , Yothers Greg , Ganz Patricia A. , Rogatko André , Tighiouart Mourad
Published: November 2023

Supplementary Figure S3 shows the estimated discontinuation curves by training dataset and validation cohort for the tamoxifen-treated patients.
Data from Polymorphisms in Cyclooxygenase, Lipoxygenase, and TP53 Genes Predict Colorectal Polyp Risk Reduction by Aspirin in the seAFOod Polyp Prevention Trial
Authors: Davies John R. , Mell Tracey , Fuller Harriett , Harland Mark , Saleh Rasha N.M. , Race Amanda D. , Rees Colin J. , Brown Louise C. , Loadman Paul M. , Downing Amy , Minihane Anne Marie , Williams Elizabeth A. , Hull Mark A.
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aspirin and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduce colorectal adenomatous polyp risk and affect synthesis of oxylipins including prostaglandin E2. We investigated whether 35 SNPs in oxylipin metabolism genes such as cyclooxygenase (PTGS) and lipoxygenase (ALOX), as well as 7 SNPs already associated with colorectal cancer risk reduction by aspirin (e.g., TP53; rs104522), modified the effects of aspirin and EPA on colorectal polyp recurrence in the randomized 2 × 2 factorial seAFOod trial. Treatment effects were reported as the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) by stratifying negative binomial and Poisson regression analyses of colorectal polyp risk on SNP genotype. Statistical significance was reported with adjustment for the false discovery rate as the P and q value. 542 (of 707) trial participants had both genotype and colonoscopy outcome data. Reduction in colorectal polyp risk in aspirin users compared with nonaspirin users was restricted to rs4837960 (PTGS1) common homozygotes [IRR, 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.53–0.90); q = 0.06], rs2745557 (PTGS2) compound heterozygote-rare homozygotes [IRR, 0.60 (0.41–0.88); q = 0.06], rs7090328 (ALOX5) rare homozygotes [IRR 0.27 (0.11–0.64); q = 0.05], rs2073438 (ALOX12) common homozygotes [IRR, 0.57 (0.41–0.80); q = 0.05], and rs104522 (TP53) rare homozygotes [IRR, 0.37 (0.17–0.79); q = 0.06]. No modification of colorectal polyp risk in EPA users was observed. In conclusion, genetic variants relevant to the proposed mechanism of action on oxylipins are associated with differential colorectal polyp risk reduction by aspirin in individuals who develop multiple colorectal polyps. SNP genotypes should be considered during development of personalized, predictive models of colorectal cancer chemoprevention by aspirin.
Prevention Relevance:
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes controlling lipid mediator signaling may modify the colorectal polyp prevention activity of aspirin. Further investigation is required to determine whether testing for genetic variants can be used to target cancer chemoprevention by aspirin to those who will benefit most.
Ações museais e o Pós-Abolição: notas sobre a exposição “Ante ecos e ocos” no Museu Paranaense
Authors: Damiani Daiana M , Bôas Felipe Vilas
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo pensar as possibilidades de construção narrativa sobre afro-paranaenses em instituições museais, especialmente o Museu Paranaense, a partir de referências da museologia e historiografia, com destaque para textos e ligados à Nova Museologia e historiografia do Pós-Abolição. Para tal, analisa-se ações museais promovidas pelo Museu Paranaense, em especial a exposição “Ante ecos e ocos”, concebida em 2022 a partir do processo de curadoria compartilhada. Uma vez que se avalia a capacidade da instituição em abordar temáticas relativas a trajetória de afro-paranaenses, também apresenta um leque de ações teóricas e práticas que fazem, ou deveriam fazer, um elo mais sólido entre instituição museal e sociedade, na busca por tornar a instituição pública não apenas mais ativa junto à comunidade ao qual pertence, mas aberta dessacralização cultural.
Navigating the Course of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Review of Guided Approaches
Authors: Ammirabile Nicola , Landolina Davide , Capodanno Davide
Published: November 2023

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the standard approach to prevent thrombotic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and presenting with chronic or acute coronary syndromes. However, a sizeable proportion of patients presents with an impaired or unwarranted response to DAPT depending on genetic polymorphisms or variability in platelet response. Therefore, the concept of changing the type or dose of antiplatelet drugs based on the result of platelet function or genotype tests (ie, guided DAPT) has been introduced. The goal of guided DAPT is to intensify the antiplatelet potency in patients at high risk of thrombotic events (ie, escalation) and to decrease the antiplatelet potency in patients at high risk of bleeding (ie, de-escalation). This review aims to present an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the latest research findings on DAPT modulation guided by either platelet function or genetic testing, discussing its current indications and future directions.
Meridioniscus Gąsiorek, Vončina & Michalczyk, subgen. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)
Authors: GĄSIOREK PIOTR , VONČINA KATARZYNA , MICHALCZYK ŁUKASZ
Published: November 2023

N/A
Contribution to the knowledge of genus Nalassus Mulsant, 1856 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from the Eastern Caucasus, Russia
Authors: NABOZHENKO MAXIM V. , GADABORSHEVA MARIAM A.
Published: November 2023

A new species of darkling beetle of the tribe Helopini is described from the Eastern Caucasus (Russia): Nalassus magomedrasuli Nabozhenko sp. n. It was originally described as the Dagestan population of N. kalashiani Nabozhenko, 2001 based on the similar structure of the male aedeagus. The new species is similar to N. kalashiani in that it differs in the structure of the eyes, male antennae, the shape of the pronotum, the scutellar shield, the male abdomen and habitats. Nalassus magomedrasuli occurs in xerophytic limestone mountain phryganoid steppes in Dagestan, whereas N. kalashiani is distributed in wet alpine meadows in the Chechen Republic and Ingushetia (Russia). The female of N. kalashiani collected in the State Natural reserve “Erzi” (Ingushetia) is described for the first time.
Impact of family structure on the quality of life of older adults, its stability, and gender differences in the European context
Authors: Lakomý Martin
Published: November 2023

The most important roles in later life – those of parent, spouse, and grandparent – are all located within a family. Thus, the family structure and availability of close relatives is an important predictor of the subjective quality of life (QoL). At the same time, the current demographic, economic, and cultural changes cause the increasing importance of intergenerational relationships within a broader family structure. This research examines the association between various forms of individual family structure and the subjective QoL in the European context, including its gender differences. Whilst the role of having a partner is beneficial only for men, most of the associations are similar regardless of gender. The relationship between family structure and the subjective QoL is generally stable but rather weak (parents, siblings) or negligible (children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren). Furthermore, most associations are stable over time and geographical context, which is also true for the milder positive role of partnership and number of siblings, and the negative association of a number of living parents. Theoretical (fluent, optional relationships; solidarity vs ambivalence model), practical (no negative long-term impact of less stable partnerships), and methodological (quality of relationships) implications are addressed in the discussion.
Application of Raman Spectroscopy to Dynamic Binding Capacity Analysis
Authors: Beattie James W. , Rowland-Jones Ruth C. , Farys Monika , Bettany Hamish , Hilton David , Kazarian Sergei G. , Byrne Bernadette
Published: November 2023

Protein A affinity chromatography is a key step in isolation of biotherapeutics (BTs) containing fragment crystallizable regions, including monoclonal and bispecific antibodies. Dynamic binding capacity (DBC) analysis assesses how much BT will bind to a protein A column. DBC reduces with column usage, effectively reducing the amount of recovered product over time. Drug regulatory bodies mandate chromatography resin lifetime for BT isolation, through measurement of parameters including DBC, so this feature is carefully monitored in industrial purification pipelines. High-performance affinity chromatography (HPAC) is typically used to assess the concentration of BT, which when loaded to the column results in significant breakthrough of BT in the flowthrough. HPAC gives an accurate assessment of DBC and how this changes over time but only reports on protein concentration, requires calibration for each new BT analyzed, and can only be used offline. Here we utilized Raman spectroscopy and revealed that this approach is at least as effective as both HPAC and ultraviolet chromatogram methods at monitoring DBC of protein A resins. In addition to reporting on protein concentration, the chemical information in the Raman spectra provides information on aggregation status and protein structure, providing extra quality controls to industrial bioprocessing pipelines. In combination with partial least square (PLS) analysis, Raman spectroscopy can be used to determine the DBC of a BT without prior calibration. Here we performed Raman analysis offline in a 96-well plate format, however, it is feasible to perform this inline. This study demonstrates the power of Raman spectroscopy as a significantly improved approach to DBC monitoring in industrial pipelines.
Characterizing the Stability of Angiotensin II in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Belcher Rachel , Mashhad Sara , Dahlquist Ashley , Johnson Jeremy James , Dangi Bikash , Benedetti Enrico , Benken Jamie , Benken Scott T.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of angiotensin II in 0.9% sodium chloride for up to 5 days. Methods: We prepared angiotensin II dilutions, by aseptically diluting 2.5 mg (1 mL) in 249 mL 0.9% sodium chloride creating a solution of 10 000 ng/mL. Admixtures were stored under refrigeration (5 ± 3°C). Stability of the dilution was assessed by: preservation of clarity, consistency of pH, and retention of concentration. Solutions were sampled at times 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 hours. Solutions were analyzed via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-UV) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Retention of concentration was set a priori at > 90% of initial concentration. Results: Clarity, color, and pH at all sample time points remained constant. Both methods of analysis confirmed similar results. When stored under refrigeration, the concentration of angiotensin II solution remained above 90% of initial concentration throughout the entire sampling period. Conclusions: Angiotensin II in 0.9% sodium chloride stored in infusion bags under refrigeration (5 ± 3°C) maintained at least 90% of their original concentrations for up to 5 days. Stability was also demonstrated based on turbidity, color, and pH assessment.
The limits of the ethnographic state in British India: The case of ‘foreign Asiatic vagrants’, c. 1860–1900
Authors: Markovits Claude
Published: November 2023

This article looks afresh at the notion of the British–Indian colonial state as an ‘ethnographic state’, as formulated by Nicholas Dirks. It does so through a case study of gangs of ‘foreign Asiatic vagrants’ whose forays into British India during the last decades of the nineteenth century created panic among colonial officials and further argues that such panic was due to the difficulty of identifying the members of these gangs. Ethnography proved of little help in the process, as the people involved did not easily fit into the disciplinary grid of colonial ethnography, with its preference for settled communities neatly divided into discrete castes over semi-nomadic groups with shifting habits and habitats. The resulting uncertainties translated themselves into a kind of bureaucratic anarchy, as various officials took different views of the nature and composition of these groups. Eventually, their mobilities were controlled through police measures, with no significant contribution from ethnographic knowledge.