bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence, environmental implications and risk assessment of Bisphenol A in association with colloidal particles in an urban tropical river in Malaysia
Authors: Shehab Zakariya Nafi’ , Jamil Nor Rohaizah , Aris Ahmad Zaharin
Published: November 2020

Phase distribution of emerging organic contaminants is highly influential in their presence, fate and transport in surface water. Therefore, it is crucial to determine their state, partitioning behaviour and tendencies in water environments. In this study, Bisphenol A was investigated in both colloidal and soluble phases in water. BPA concentrations ranged between 1.13 and 5.52 ng L−1 in the soluble phase and n.d-2.06 ng L−1 in the colloidal phase, respectively. BPA was dominant in the soluble phase, however, the colloidal contribution ranged between 0 and 24% which implied that colloids can play a significant role in controlling BPA’s transportation in water. Urban and industrial areas were the main sources of BPA while forest areas displayed lower levels outside the populated domains. pH levels were between 6.3 and 7.4 which might have affected BPA’s solubility in water to some extent. The particle size distribution showed that the majority of the particles in river samples were smaller than 1.8 µm in diameter with a small presence of nanoparticles. Zeta potential varied between − 25 and − 18 mV, and these negative values suggested instability of particles. Furthermore, BPA was positively correlated with BOD, COD and NH3–N which might indicate that these organic compounds were released concurrently with BPA. RQ assessment showed low levels of risk towards algae and fish in the study area.
Identification of the rhizospheric microbe and metabolites that led by the continuous cropping of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud)
Authors: Wang Yanzhou , Zhu Siyuan , Liu Touming , Guo Bing , Li Fu , Bai Xuehua
Published: November 2020

Continuous cropping lowers the production and quality of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud). This study aimed to reveal the metagenomic and metabolomic changes between the healthy- and obstacle-plant after a long period of continuous cropping. After 10 years of continuous cropping, ramie planted in some portions of the land exhibited weak growth and low yield (Obstacle-group), whereas, ramie planted in the other portion of the land grew healthy (Health-group). We collected rhizosphere soil and root samples from which measurements of soil chemical and plant physiochemical properties were taken. All samples were subjected to non-targeted gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GS/MS) metabolome analysis. Further, metagenomics was performed to analyze the functional genes in rhizospheric soil organisms. Based on the findings, ramie in Obstacle-group were characterized by shorter plant height, smaller stem diameter, and lower fiber production than that in Health-group. Besides, the Obstacle-group showed a lower relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae, Lysobacter antibioticus, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, but a higher relative abundance of Azospirillum lipoferum and A. brasilense compared to the Health-group. Metabolomic analysis results implicated cysteinylglycine (Cys-Gly), uracil, malonate, and glycerol as the key differential metabolites between the Health- and Obstacle-group. Notably, this work revealed that bacteria such as Rhizobia potentially synthesize IAA and are likely to reduce the biotic stress of ramie. L. antibioticus also exerts a positive effect on plants in the fight against biotic stress and is mediated by metabolites including orthophosphate, uracil, and Cys-Gly, which may serve as markers for disease risk. These bacterial effects can play a key role in plant resistance to biotic stress via metabolic and methionine metabolism pathways.
Rate of misdiagnosis and clinical usefulness of the correct diagnosis in exudative neovascular maculopathy secondary to AMD versus pachychoroid disease
Authors: Borrelli Enrico , Battista Marco , Gelormini Francesco , Sacconi Riccardo , Querques Lea , Vella Giovanna , Viganò Chiara , Bandello Francesco , Querques Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to explore the relative prevalence and clinical differences between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid disease in patients older than 50 years with newly diagnosed exudative neovascular maculopathy, and also assess the rate of misdiagnosis between these two disorders. In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed data from patients 50 years of age and older with newly diagnosed treatment-naïve exudative macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to AMD or pachychoroid disease. Of the 139 patients (139 eyes) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 35 patients were graded as being affected by pachychoroid disease complicated by exudative MNV and 104 subjects had neovascular AMD. Therefore, prevalence of pachychoroid disease complicated by exudative MNV was 25.2% (confidence interval—CI 18.2–33.2%). Mean ± SD age was 67.0 ± 8.8 years in the pachychoroid disease group and 80.6 ± 6.6 years in the neovascular AMD group (P < 0.0001). At baseline, BCVA was better in patients with pachychoroid disease complicated by exudative MNV (0.4 ± 0.3 LogMAR vs. 0.7 ± 0.5 LogMAR, P = 0.003). At the 1-year follow-up visit, BCVA was still better in patients with pachychoroid-associated MNV (0.34 ± 0.32 LogMAR vs. 0.59 ± 0.52 LogMAR; P = 0.005). In our study cohort, 19 patients were graded to be affected by pachychoroid disease complicated by exudative MNV even though a diagnosis of neovascular AMD was erroneously reported in their medical records at baseline. In conclusion, pachychoroid disease is a frequent cause of exudative MNV in aged patients with a high rate of misdiagnosis. A correct diagnosis may be important as these two disorders differ in terms of clinical characteristics and prognosis.
Author Correction: Distribution pattern of leftventricular myocardial strain analyzed by a cine MRI based deformation registration algorithm in healthy Chinese volunteers
Authors: Liu Hong , Yang Dan , Wan Ke , Luo Yong , Sun Jia-Yu , Zhang Tian-Jing , Li Wei-Hao , Greiser Andreas , Jolly Marie-Pierre , Zhang Qing , Chen Yu-Cheng
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Solid state NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Aliev Abil E.
Published: November 2020

This solid-state NMR report summarises the subject and results of 247 articles and original papers published in 2019. In addition to the published reviews, the two major sections in this report consider various methodological developments and a broad range of applications. The presented classification of papers into different sections and subsections is intended to ease the overview of the results obtained in 2019, as well as to evaluate the directions in which solid-state NMR is likely to develop in the near future.
Single-chip based contactless conductivity detection system for multi-channel separations
Authors: Maruška Audrius , Drevinskas Tomas , Stankevičius Mantas , Bimbiraitė-Survilienė Kristina , Kaškonienė Vilma , Jonušauskas Linas , Gadonas Roaldas , Nilsson Staffan , Kornyšova Olga
Published: November 2020

In this work, the design and characterization of a multi-cell capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection system are described.
Power-dependent upconversion luminescence properties of self-sensitized Er2WO6 phosphor
Authors: Krishnan Rajagopalan , Menon Samvit G. , Poelman Dirk , Kroon Robin E. , Swart Hendrik C.
Published: November 2020

Plot of the logarithmic intensity ‘I’ vs. logarithmic pump power.
Interface controlled solid-state lithium storage performance in free-standing bismuth nanosheets
Authors: Peng Yayu , Fang Liang , Li Yongtao , Li Hai-Wen , Jensen Torben R. , Zhang Qingan
Published: November 2020

Steady interfaces of free-standing Bi nanosheets with a hydride solid electrolyte are constructed to efficiently suppress pulverization for superior anode performance.
Electro-chemo-mechanics of lithium in solid state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Tang Yongfu , Zhang Liqiang , Chen Jingzhao , Sun Haiming , Yang Tingting , Liu Qiunan , Huang Qiao , Zhu Ting , Huang Jianyu
Published: November 2020

This review summarizes the impact of the electro-chemo-mechanics of lithium on dendrites and interfaces in solid state lithium metal batteries.
In vitro neuroprotective potential of terpenes from industrial orange juice by-products
Authors: Sánchez-Martínez José David , Bueno Mónica , Alvarez-Rivera Gerardo , Tudela José , Ibañez Elena , Cifuentes Alejandro
Published: November 2020

Citrus sinensis (orange) by-products represent one of the most abundant citric residues from orange juice industrial production, and are a promising source of health-promoting compounds like terpenes.
Direct synthesis of 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles via copper-mediated one-pot multicomponent reaction
Authors: He Jian-Ping , Zhan Zhen-Zhen , Luo Nan , Zhang Ming-Ming , Huang Guo-Sheng
Published: November 2020

Efficient condensation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to give highly functionalized pyrroles in moderate to good yields from readily available starting materials and a wide range of substrates, by synergistic formation of new C–C and C–N bonds.
Functionalized heterocycle-appended porphyrins: catalysis matters
Authors: Abdulaeva Inna A. , Birin Kirill P. , Polivanovskaia Daria A. , Gorbunova Yulia G. , Tsivadze Aslan Yu
Published: November 2020

The condensation of labile 2,3-diaminoporphyrins with aromatic aldehydes is a versatile technique for the elaboration of functionalized porphyrins. The acidic catalyst in the reaction is a tool that allows the reaction path to be switched.
Pre-service teachers' use of epistemic criteria in the assessment of scientific procedures for identifying microplastics in beach sand
Authors: Crujeiras-Pérez Beatriz , Brocos Pablo
Published: November 2020

This study addresses the use of epistemic criteria related to the scientific practice of inquiry in the context of environmental chemistry. In particular, it analyses the type of criteria that are used by pre-service teachers when assessing the adequacy of several scientific procedures for identifying microplastics in beach sand, as well as determining the ways in which these participants make use of said criteria. The participants were 22 pre-service primary teachers who were divided into small groups of 3–4 participants who were given the task of assessing the scientific quality of three different procedures before selecting which they considered to be the best option. The data collected includes audio recordings of the participants' small group conversations and their written comments. The data analysis is framed in qualitative content analysis, in which the participants' conversations were transcribed and coded using the ATLAS.ti software. The coding frameworks that were used to address each research question were developed by taking into consideration both the literature and the collected data. The main results indicate different patterns in terms of the types of criteria that were used in the participants' assessments, as well as the different uses of criteria within each of the small groups. These results could have been influenced by the participant's limited knowledge of both scientific inquiry and chemistry.
Molecular reactivity of thiolate-protected noble metal nanoclusters: synthesis, self-assembly, and applications
Authors: Yao Qiaofeng , Wu Zhennan , Liu Zhihe , Lin Yingzheng , Yuan Xun , Xie Jianping
Published: November 2020

The interactions/reactions of thiolate-protected noble metal nanoclusters with diverse ions, molecules and other metal nanoclusters have been deciphered.
Probing conformational hotspots for the recognition and intervention of protein complexes by lysine reactivity profiling
Authors: Liu Zheyi , Zhang Wenxiang , Sun Binwen , Ma Yaolu , He Min , Pan Yuanjiang , Wang Fangjun
Published: November 2020

A mass spectrometry-based two-step isotope labeling-lysine reactivity profiling strategy is developed to probe the molecular details of protein–protein interactions and evaluate the conformational interventions by small-molecule active compounds.
Cluster self-assembly condition for arbitrary interaction potentials
Authors: Mendoza-Coto Alejandro , Cenci Rômulo , Pupillo Guido , Díaz-Méndez Rogelio , Babaev Egor
Published: November 2020

We present a sufficient criterion for the emergence of cluster phases in an ensemble of interacting classical particles at zero temperature.
Splitting dynamics of ferrofluid droplets inside a microfluidic T-junction using a pulse-width modulated magnetic field in micro-magnetofluidics
Authors: Bijarchi Mohamad Ali , Dizani Mahdi , Honarmand Mohammadmahdi , Shafii Mohammad Behshad
Published: November 2020

A novel, simple, and robust ferrofluid droplet splitting in microfluidics employing a pulse-width modulated magnetic field is proposed.
Oxygen-defect-rich coating with nanoporous texture as both anode host and artificial SEI for dendrite-mitigated lithium–metal batteries
Authors: Wu Qingping , Yao Zhenguo , Du Aochen , Wu Han , Huang Minsong , Xu Jun , Cao Fahai , Li Chilin
Published: November 2020

An unusual oxygen-defect-rich nanoporous MgOx coating bonded with carboxyl-rich carbon wires (MgOx–C) is proposed simultaneously as 3D monolithic host and artificial SEI film to achieve dendrite-free Li metal batteries.
Overview of electric-field-induced deposition technology in fabricating organic thin films
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Li Yang , Li Hua , Zhang Qichun , Lu Jianmei
Published: November 2020

The progress in the fabrication of organic thin films by electric-field induced deposition (EFID) technology is summarized. The applicable materials, deposition mechanisms, processing parameters, derivative technologies, wide applications, and possible challenges are discussed.
Gut microbiome dysbiosis alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis in mice
Authors: Guan Zhiyuan , Jia Jialin , Zhang Chenggui , Sun Tiantong , Zhang Wang , Yuan Wanqiong , Leng Huijie , Song Chunli
Published: November 2020

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been studied under the pathological conditions of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effect of antibiotic-induced gut flora dysbiosis on OA remains incompletely understood at present. Herein, we used a mouse (8 weeks) OA model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and gut microbiome dysbiosis induced by antibiotic treatment with ampicillin and neomycin for 8 weeks. The results show that antibiotic-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis reduced the serum level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the inflammatory response, such as suppression of the levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which can lead to decreased matrix metalloprotease-13 (MMP-13) expression and improvement of OA after joint injury. In addition, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and osteophyte scores were increased significantly in antibiotic-induced male mice compared with female mice. We further used network correlation analysis to verify the effect of gut microbiota dysbiosis on OA. Therefore, the present study contributes to our understanding of the gut–joint axis in OA and reveals the relationship between the inflammatory response, sex and gut microbiota, which may provide new strategies to prevent the symptoms and long-term sequelae of OA.

Conclusion: Our data showed that gut microbiome dysbiosis alleviates the progression of OA.
The ALPINE–ALMA [C II] survey
Authors: Loiacono Federica , Decarli Roberto , Gruppioni Carlotta , Talia Margherita , Cimatti Andrea , Zamorani Gianni , Pozzi Francesca , Yan Lin , Lemaux Brian C. , Riechers Dominik A. , Le Fèvre Olivier , Bèthermin Matthieu , Capak Peter , Cassata Paolo , Faisst Andreas , Schaerer Daniel , Silverman John D. , Bardelli Sandro , Boquien Médéric , Burkutean Sandra , Dessauges-Zavadsky Miroslava , Fudamoto Yoshinobu , Fujimoto Seiji , Ginolfi Michele , Hathi Nimish P. , Jones Gareth C. , Khusanova Yana , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lagache Guilaine , Lubin Lori M. , Massardi Marcella , Oesch Pascal , Romano Michael , Vallini Livia , Vergani Daniela , Zucca Elena
Published: November 2020

We present the first [C II] 158 μm luminosity function (LF) at z ∼ 5 from a sample of serendipitous lines detected in the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [C II] at Early times (ALPINE). A study of the 118 ALPINE pointings revealed several serendipitous lines. Based on their fidelity, we selected 14 lines for the final catalog. According to the redshift of their counterparts, we identified eight out of 14 detections as [C II] lines at z ∼ 5, along with two as CO transitions at lower redshifts. The remaining four lines have an elusive identification in the available catalogs and we considered them as [C II] candidates. We used the eight confirmed [C II] and the four [C II] candidates to build one of the first [C II] LFs at z ∼ 5. We found that 11 out of these 12 sources have a redshift very similar to that of the ALPINE target in the same pointing, suggesting the presence of overdensities around the targets. Therefore, we split the sample in two (a “clustered” and “field” subsample) according to their redshift separation and built two separate LFs. Our estimates suggest that there could be an evolution of the [C II] LF between z ∼ 5 and z ∼ 0. By converting the [C II] luminosity to the star-formation rate, we evaluated the cosmic star-formation rate density (SFRD) at z ∼ 5. The clustered sample results in a SFRD ∼10 times higher than previous measurements from UV–selected galaxies. On the other hand, from the field sample (likely representing the average galaxy population), we derived a SFRD ∼1.6 higher compared to current estimates from UV surveys but compatible within the errors. Because of the large uncertainties, observations of larger samples will be necessary to better constrain the SFRD at z ∼ 5. This study represents one of the first efforts aimed at characterizing the demography of [C II] emitters at z ∼ 5 using a mm selection of galaxies.
Magnetic increases with central current sheets: observations with Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Fargette N. , Lavraud B. , Rouillard A. , Eastwood J. P. , Bale S. D. , Phan T. , Øieroset M. , Halekas J. S. , Kasper J. , Berthomier M. , Case A. W. , Korreck K. E. , Larson D. E. , Louarn P. , Malaspina D. , Pulupa M. , Stevens M. L. , Whittlesey P. L. , MacDowall R. J. , Goetz K. , Harvey P. R. , Dudok de Wit T. , Bonnell J. W.
Published: November 2020

Aims.We report the observation by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) of magnetic structures in the solar wind that present a strong peak in their magnetic field magnitude with an embedded central current sheet. Similar structures have been observed, either at the Earth’s magnetopause and called interlinked flux tubes, or in the solar wind and called interplanetary field enhancements.

Methods.In this work, we first investigate two striking events in detail; one occurred in the regular slow solar wind on November 2, 2018 and the other was observed during a heliospheric current sheet crossing on November 13, 2018. They both show the presence of a central current sheet with a visible ion jet and general characteristics consistent with the occurrence of magnetic reconnection. We then performed a survey of PSP data from encounters 1 to 4 and find 18 additional events presenting an increase in the magnetic field magnitude of over 30% and a central current sheet. We performed a statistical study on the 20 “magnetic increases with central current sheet” (MICCS), with 13 observed in the regular slow solar wind with a constant polarity (i.e., identical strahl direction), and 7 which were specifically observed near a heliospheric current sheet crossing.

Results.We analyze and discuss the general properties of the structures, including the duration, location, amplitude, and magnetic topology, as well as the characteristics of their central current sheet. We find that the latter has a preferential orientation in the TN plane of the RTN frame. We also find no significant change in the dust impact rate in the vicinity of the MICCS under study, leading us to conclude that dust probably plays no role in the MICCS formation and evolution. Our findings are overall consistent with a double flux tube-configuration that would result from initially distinct flux tubes which interact during solar wind propagation.
Radio observations of the merging galaxy cluster system Abell 3391-Abell 3395
Authors: Brüggen M. , Reiprich T. H. , Bulbul E. , Koribalski B. S. , Andernach H. , Rudnick L. , Hoang D. N. , Wilber A. G. , Duchesne S. W. , Veronica A. , Pacaud F. , Hopkins A. M. , Norris R. P. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Brown M. J. I. , Bonafede A. , Brunetti G. , Collier J. D. , Sanders J. S. , Vardoulaki E. , Venturi T. , Kapinska A. D. , Marvil J.
Published: November 2020

The pre-merging system of galaxy clusters Abell 3391-Abell 3395 located at a mean redshift of 0.053 has been observed at 1 GHz in an ASKAP/EMU Early Science observation as well as in X-rays with eROSITA. The projected separation of the X-ray peaks of the two clusters is ~50′ or ~3.1 Mpc. Here we present an inventory of interesting radio sources in this field around this cluster merger. While the eROSITA observations provide clear indications of a bridge of thermal gas between the clusters, neither ASKAP nor MWA observations show any diffuse radio emission coinciding with the X-ray bridge. We derive an upper limit on the radio emissivity in the bridge region of 〈J〉1 GHz < 1.2 × 10−44 W Hz−1 m−3. A non-detection of diffuse radio emission in the X-ray bridge between these two clusters has implications for particle-acceleration mechanisms in cosmological large-scale structure. We also report extended or otherwise noteworthy radio sources in the 30 deg2 field around Abell 3391-Abell 3395. We identified 20 Giant Radio Galaxies, plus 7 candidates, with linear projected sizes greater than 1 Mpc. The sky density of field radio galaxies with largest linear sizes of >0.7 Mpc is ≈1.7 deg−2, three times higher than previously reported. We find no evidence for a cosmological evolution of the population of Giant Radio Galaxies. Moreover, we find seven candidates for cluster radio relics and radio halos.
The diffuse interstellar band around 8620 Å
Authors: Zhao H. , Schultheis M. , Recio-Blanco A. , Kordopatis G. , de Laverny P. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Zoccali M. , Surot F. , Valenti E.
Published: November 2020

Context. Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are interstellar absorption features that widely exist in the optical and near-infrared wavelength range. DIBs play an important role in the lifecycle of the interstellar medium and can also be used to trace the Galactic structure.

Aims. We developed a set of procedures to automatically detect and measure the DIB around 8620 Å (the Gaia DIB) for a wide range of temperatures. The method was tested on ~5000 spectra from the Giraffe Inner Bulge Survey (GIBS) that has a spectral window similar to that of the Gaia–RVS spectra. Based on this sample, we studied the correlation between the equivalent width (EW) of the Gaia DIB and the interstellar reddening E(J − KS) toward the inner Galaxy, as well as the DIB intrinsic properties.

Methods. Our procedure automatically checks and eliminates invalid cases, and then applies a specific local normalization. The DIB profile is fit with a Gaussian function. Specifically, the DIB feature is extracted from the spectra of late-type stars by subtracting the corresponding synthetic spectra. For early-type stars we applied a specific model based on the Gaussian process that needs no prior knowledge of the stellar parameters. In addition, we provide the errors contributed by the synthetic spectra and from the random noise.

Results. After validation, we obtained 4194 reasonable fitting results from the GIBS database. An EW versus E(J − KS) relation is derived as E(J − KS) = 1.875 (±0.152) × EW − 0.011 (±0.048), according to E(B − V)∕EW = 2.721, which is highly consistent with previous results toward similar sightlines. After a correction based on the Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) database for both EW and reddening, the coefficient derived from individual GIBS fields, E(J − KS)∕EW = 1.884 ± 0.225, is also in perfect agreement with literature values. Based on a subsample of 1015 stars toward the Galactic center within − 3° < b < 3° and − 6° < l < 3°, we determined a rest-frame wavelength of the Gaia DIB as 8620.55 Å.

Conclusions. The procedures for automatic detection and measurement of the Gaia DIB are successfully developed and have been applied to the GIBS spectra. A Gaussian profile is proved to be a proper and stable assumption for the Gaia DIB as no intrinsic asymmetry is found. A tight linearity of its correlation with the reddening is derived toward the inner Milky Way, which is consistent with previous results.
Reconfiguration of a Primary Three-Phase Three-Wire Distribution Network with Unbalanced Loads
Authors: Golub Irina , Voitov Oleg , Boloev Evgeni , Semenova Lyudmila
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the problem of reconfiguration of a primary three-phase three-wire distribution network with unbalanced loads following the criterion of power loss minimization. The authors propose modification of a well-proven algorithm the need for which has been necessitated by using an unbalanced network of power losses and currents in it for reconfiguration. For computing the parameters mentioned, a program for load flow computation in the balanced network is used for modeling an unbalanced network as a single-line equivalent scheme. Efficiency of proposed approaches has been confirmed by results of reconfiguration of a test distribution network.
Development Of Digital Twins And Digital Shadows Of Energy Objects And Systems Using Scientific Tools For Energy Research
Authors: Massel Lyudmila V. , Massel Alexey G.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses an approach to the construction of digital twins and digital shadows, based on the use of scientific tools for complex energy research in Russia. It is proposed to use, as their basis, mathematical models of energy systems and software systems and databases developed at the Energy Systems Institute of SB RAS, for calculations using these models. For each area of research, an ontological model is developed, over which mathematical and information models are built and integrated, as the basis of digital twins and digital shadows of energy objects. In turn, scientific prototypes of digital twins and digital shadows can be used in complex energy studies. To support this research, a modified architecture of the multi-agent intelligent environment is proposed. It is considered as the basis of the future IT infrastructure that integrates modern information and intelligent technologies and implements a new approach to building digital twins and digital shadows using scientific tools.
Using the flexibility of EPS as a means of improving the system reliability of power systems in modern conditions
Authors: Osak Alexey , Buzina Elena
Published: November 2020

Scientific research in the field of EPS flexibility has recently been intensified, and this flexibility is considered in a fairly broad setting. It is important to note that the issues of EPS flexibility are not new, but the term “flexibility” was not used to refer to this issue before, although all the main issues were considered within the framework of the topic of system reliability and development of EES, and the issue of continuity of modern research with previous scientific research and existing scientific results is important. Traditionally, one of the aspects of system reliability has been the power security of the EPS, which refers to the ability of the system to withstand sudden disturbances without unintended impacts on electricity consumers. At the same time, the analysis of power security was mainly performed only in the volume of the system-forming power gird of the EPS. For the power systems of the future, the importance of power security increases significantly, but as an analysis of the power security of the system-forming and distribution power grids together. For a number of years, the authors have been engaged in research in the field of mode reliability using the method of calculating EPS modes taking into account discrete and interval characteristics of mode parameters. This method allows us to study the properties of controllability of power systems of the future in the required problem statement.
Medium-term scheduling of electric power system states under a wholesale electricity market
Authors: Aizenberg Natalia , Palamarchuk Sergey
Published: November 2020

The paper focuses on the development of a mathematical model for scheduling electric power system (EPS) states for the medium-term period divided into several time intervals. The model allows calculating the equilibrium state in the EPS, in which each supplier receives the maximum profit from the electricity supply to the wholesale market. The price levels in the EPS are determined by finding the maximum value of the social welfare given the balance constraints at the EPS nodes and the constraints on feasible state variables over several time intervals. Approaches to solving the multi-interval problem of search for an equilibrium states are considered. The approaches involve building a system of joint optimality conditions for electricity suppliers in the considered time intervals. The equilibrium state is found either by directly solving such a system or through an iterative search. The paper demonstrates the results of the medium-term scheduling of the state by an example of a simplified electric power system.. electric power system..
Ontological Engineering for Methodological Support of Research into Energy-related Anthropogenic Impact of the Environment
Authors: Vorozhtsova Tatyana , Maysyuk Elena , Ivanova Irina
Published: November 2020

Ontological engineering is performed for studies on the environmental impact of energy objects. The work was carried out within the framework of the project supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research “Methods of building an ontological knowledge space for intelligent decision-making support in the energy sector and environment, in terms of the quality of life”. The study proposes developing a set of interconnected ontologies with the view to harmonizing terminology of different subject domains for research and decision support. The basic terminology used to examine the environmental impact of energy objects and to perform appropriate quantitative assessments is considered. Semantic methods are proposed, in particular, an ontological analysis of the subject domain, to systematize environmental assessments and establish relationships between the main indicators describing the impact of energy sector activity on the components of the environment. The ontological approach allows systematizing and visualizing the relationship between the components of the environment, energy objects and their characteristics, and impact factors. Ontological engineering made it possible to build a sequence of research and systematize the methodology used to assess the energy-related environmental impact.
Studying the complexity of identification of Volterra kernels for the case of a vector input signal of arbitrary dimension
Authors: Antipina Ekaterina , Tairov Emir , Markova Evgeniia
Published: November 2020

The work discusses the technique for constructing an integral model of a nonlinear dynamic system with a vector input based on Volterra polynomials as applied to a section of the steam-water path of the power unit of the Nazarovo power station. The complexity of the applying the technique presented in the work is analyzed, and the number of initial data required to build a mathematical model in the case of a vector input disturbance with an arbitrary dimension is calculated.
Analysis of the compressorless combined cycle gas turbine unit performance efficiency in district heating systems
Authors: Borisov Yuriy , Fominykh Nikolay , Ramazanov Eldar , Popel Oleg
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, thermodynamic cycles are actively studied, in which pure oxygen and fuel are fed into a combustion chamber, and a temperature of a working fluid is regulated by the supply of carbon dioxide and/or water vapor. These cycles are called “oxygen-fuel”. They allow easy to separate CO2, resulting from a fuel combustion, from the working fluid and remove it from the cycle in its pure form. In addition, it has already been shown that an efficiency of electric power generation of such cycles is approaching the best known technologies. However, the efficiency of cogeneration of electricity and heat is more important for many energy systems, especially for Russian, in comparison with the efficiency of electricity generation. The main goal of the study was to analyze the thermal efficiency for cogeneration of electricity and heat of one of the options for the implementation of oxygen-fuel cycles - compressorless combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) units. A mathematical model of the compressorless CCGT units was developed, which allows to study the thermal performance in a wide range of operating modes. It is conventionally accepted that the system requires a maximum power for power supply of 300 MW, and a maximum power for heat supply of 600 MW. It is assumed that 300 MW of electricity is constantly supplied to the network. In addition, the heat load is provided according to the standard schedule depending on the ambient temperature, and at the same time an averaged data on the temperature of atmospheric air for central Russia over a tenyear period is accepted. The comparison is made with a steam turbine CHP plant and a CCGTCHP plant. The results of the comparison showed a significant advantage of the compressorless CCGT unit.
Factor analysis of energy saving in households
Authors: Burganov Rais , Altynbaeva Emina , Maimakova Ludmila
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses such issues as the role and importance of studying energy-saving behavior of households in the national economy and society, the need for new methodological approaches to their study, neoclassical, institutional, technological approaches to the study of the behavior of households in the energy sector. Also the basics of construction of multi-parameter mathematical models of household behavior are proposed..
Application of IDEF0 functional modeling methodology at the initial stage of design the modernization of TPP in ETC
Authors: Fedorova Natalia , Shcheglov Yuriy , Kobylyackiy Pavel
Published: November 2020

The tasks of thermal power plants (TPPs)modernization are to improve technical and environmental indicators, reduce the cost of energy, and take into account the requirements of international and Russian legislation. At the initial stage of modernization design, coordination of TPP indicators with specialists of various profiles and development of a general concept and structure of the station is necessary. In the traditional technical standards of the Russian Federation there are no documents regulating this process. To date, developed and adopted as national standards in a number of countries, including Russia, the IDEF methodology and family of standards, covering all stages and design aspects. This article discusses some aspects of the IDEF0 standard application at the initial stage of designing the TPPs modernization.
Energy and economic analysis of thermoelectric generator on wood fuel
Authors: Marchenko Oleg
Published: November 2020

The advantages of thermoelectric generator (TEG) are the absence of moving parts, reliability, long service life, the possibility of fully automatic operation without maintenance. At the same time, TEGs also have disadvantages - low efficiency and high cost. In this regard, it is advisable to use them in autonomous installations of small power, as well as in devices intended mainly for heat supply, when the low efficiency of thermal energy conversion into electrical energy does not play a role. It is the latter case that is realized in furnaces that burn biomass. In this paper, we consider the main physical effects due to which the direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy occurs in semiconductor thermoelements. The conjugate problem of heat and electric charge transfer with temperature-dependent properties of a semiconductor is reduced to a problem with constant properties. Based on the literature data, the boundary conditions for the TEG were selected, its sizes were optimized, current-voltage characteristics were constructed, and the maximum power and efficiency were determined. Estimates of the cost and economic efficiency of using TEG are made.
Potential advantages of using compressorless combined cycles in power engineering
Authors: Sinkevich Mikhail , Borisov Yuriy , Kosoy Anatoliy , Ramazanov Eldar
Published: November 2020

Attention of humanity is being increasingly focused on prevention of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, including CO2 [1]. One of the main contributions to CO2 emissions is associated with the production of electric and thermal energy. Despite great efforts, aimed at developing renewable energy technologies, fossil fuels will dominate in this area of human activity for a very long time. Therefore, the capture of CO2, formed during the combustion of fossil fuels, is of particular importance. If air is used as a fuel oxidizer, the combustion products consist of more than 70% nitrogen. It is very difficult and expensive to separate carbon dioxide from this nitrogen. Promising solutions for carbon capture are associated with air separation and fuel combustion in pure oxygen. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to such cycles [2-4]. The gases temperature of a combustor chamber exit is regulated by the supply of CO2 and H2O to a combustion zone. In this case, a spent working fluid is almost entirely composed of a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor, which is easily divided into water and pure carbon dioxide. One of the options for such solutions involves a pressure increase for all components of the working fluid before injection them into a combustion chamber in a liquid phase by pumping equipment [5]. Thermodynamic cycles, in which a pressure of the working fluid is increased in the liquid phase by pumping equipment (without a compressor), can be called compressorless.
Comparative analysis of the Allam cycle and the cycle of compressorless combined cycle gas turbine unit
Authors: Sinkevich Mikhail , Kosoy Anatoliy , Popel Oleg
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, alternative thermodynamic cycles are actively studied. They allow to remove CO2, formed as a result of fuel combustion, from a cycle without significant energy costs. Calculations have shown that such cycles may meet or exceed the most advanced power plants in terms of heat efficiency. The Allam cycle is recognized as one of the best alternative cycles for the production of electricity. Nevertheless, a cycle of compressorless combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) unit is seemed more promising for cogeneration of electricity and heat. A comparative analysis of the thermal efficiency of these two cycles was performed. Particular attention was paid to ensuring equal conditions for comparison. The cycle of compressorless CCGT unit was as close as possible to the Allam cycle due to the choice of parameters. The processes, in which the difference remained, were analysed. Thereafter, an analysis of how close the parameters, adopted for comparison, to optimal for the compressorless CCGT unit cycle was made. This analysis showed that these two cycles are quite close only for the production of electricity. The Allam cycle has some superiority but not indisputable. However, if cogeneration of electricity and heat is considered, the thermal efficiency of the cycle of compressorless CCGT unit will be significantly higher. Since it allows to independently regulate a number of parameters, on which the electric power, the ratio of electric and thermal power, the temperature of a working fluid at the turbine inlet depend. Thus, the optimal parameters of the thermodynamic cycle can be obtained in a wide range of operating modes of the unit with different ratios of thermal and eclectic powers. Therefore, the compressorless CCGT unit can significantly surpass the best steam turbine and combined cycle gas turbine plants in district heating system in terms of thermal efficiency.
Renewables Expansion in Northeast Asian Power Grid
Authors: Podkovalnikov Sergei , Chudinova Lyudmila
Published: November 2020

The paper considers effectiveness of a penetration of renewables into potential Northeast Asia power system interconnection. Renewables are currently in the mainstream of expansion of energy sector in the world and in Northeast Asia, particularly. Formation of NEA power interconnection will increase utilization of variable and poorly predictable renewable generation. Economic incentive for penetration of renewables, like CO2 emission tax, is studied. The study revealed that quite significant tax is needed to be imposed to induce non-fossil fuel generation capacities, including renewable ones, to be added to power systems.
State Patronage on Heat and Electricity Markets of the Russian Far East
Authors: Dyomina Olga , Naiden Svetlana
Published: November 2020

The paper examines the conditions and goals of state patronage on heat and electricity markets of the Russian Far East. The distinct characteristic of market organization in the region is the lack of a unified energy system, high share of districts with decentralized energy supply, and segmentation of the electricity market. Based on the technological and institutional similarities, scale and form of state patronage, three zones of electricity market were established: market, semi-market, and regulated. The forms of state patronage on heat and electricity markets of the Far East are the following: state regulation of heat and electricity tariffs, setting the tariffs below actual costs, subsidies for providers and consumers of energy, state-sponsored construction of energy capacities. The paper evaluated the scale of patronage on heat and electricity markets and reached the conclusion that without state patronage the Far Eastern consumers of heat and electricity will not be able to purchase energy in market conditions.
Japan’s Energy Policy towards the SCO Member States: Current Situation and the Perspectives
Authors: Korneev Konstantin , Pechishcheva Liudmila
Published: November 2020

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is undoubtedly an important economic and geopolitical player in the Central, East and South Asia regions, bringing together countries of different size and potential. This is primarily about the economy and energy sectors, but the military-strategic partnership within the framework of the association shouldn’t be ignored too. Japan does not have a coherent policy towards the SCO as a single structure, at least it is not reflected in official documents, but individual member States are of significant interest. These are mainly Russia and China, and Russia is considered as one of the chief energy resources suppliers, which contributes to the implementation of the Japanese concept of energy security, aimed at maximum diversification of supply geography. China is regarded as one of the largest buyers of Japanese high-tech industrial products and an exporter of coal. The countries of the Central Asian region, which are rich in energy resources and do not have sufficient financial and technological capabilities to explore them, are also attracting more and more attention from Japan, but there is great competition with Chinese companies. India and Pakistan, that joined the SCO in 2017, are important for Japan as a counterweight to China’s expansion in South Asia and also markets for Japanese nuclear power plant construction technologies and various types of renewable energy generators. All in all, Japanese energy policy towards the SCO member States is balanced and flexible, but the presence of certain geopolitical contradictions with the founders of the organization still hinders the building of a meaningful multilateral dialogue, although options for involving Japan in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization periodic work, for instance, in the observer status, have been repeatedly voiced.
Contribution assessment of a technological factor to reducing CO2emissions in Russia
Authors: Nemov Vasily , Filimonova Irina , Mishenin Mikhail , Zemnukhova Ekaterina
Published: November 2020

Currently, the economy should develop along an innovative way of development with an increase in the efficiency of the use of natural resources and a decrease in negative impacts on the environment to ensure stable economic growth and improve the quality of life of the population. The purpose of the study is to assess the environmental and energy effects that affect the environment and energy intensity in the country. The dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions in Russia are contemporaneously influenced by many different factors, such as the industry structure of the economy, the structure of the fuel and energy balance, the level of technological equipment, and the situation in world markets. Our analysis showed that the dynamics of CO2 emissions in Russia are determined primarily by the growth rates of the population’s well-being and by the growth of industrial production. At the same time, in the period 2000-2012, the effect of welfare growth was partially offset by a decrease in the energy intensity of the economy, but then the potential for reducing energy intensity due to changes in the structure of the economy was exhausted. The contribution of the technological factor is also insufficient. So for the period 2000-2017, the improvement of technologies in the field of heat and electric energy production from fossil energy sources made it possible to reduce CO2 emissions by only 33 million tons. Another significant constraint to the transition to a low-carbon trajectory of development is the low rate of implementation of energy-saving technologies in the production of energy-intensive industrial products, maintenance of residential and public buildings.
Features of the Mongolian Electricity Market
Authors: Batzaya Bat-Ochir , Choijiljav
Published: November 2020

Energy is one of the basic sectors of the country’s development. It is closely related with all sectors of the economy, providing the possibility of their stable development including mining, manufacturing, agriculture, transport, communications and others.
Features of Critical Facilities Determining for the Fuel and Energy Complex In Research of Fuel and Energy Supply
Authors: Beresneva N.M. , Pyatkova N.I.
Published: November 2020

The article reveals the features of selecting critical facilities for the fuel and energy complex (FEC СF) within joint industry and general energy model research. A comparative assessment of the methodology for determining the list of critical industry objects and the methodology for determining the list of FEC СF is given in this paper. A scheme for the preparation and analysis of the fuel and energy complex calculated states is described, the analyzed most important and related model indicators are highlighted, an integral indicator for assessing the criticality of elements is proposed. Also is provided a formalized description of the fuel and energy functioning optimization model and reveals a three-stage scheme for working with it in determining in the CF of FEC based on industry critical elements.