bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensiones constitutivas y ejes estructurantes de la ciudadanía
Authors: Ramírez Saíz Juan Manuel
Published: April 2018

 

El trabajo plantea dos asuntos distintos, pero directamente vinculados: los componentes centrales de la ciudadanía y sus factores transversales o articuladores. En específico, considera, por separado, dos bloques de temas:

 
a) las cinco dimensiones de la ciudadanía (civil, social,
económica, cultural, y política, y

 

b ) sus cuatro ejes estructurantes (el jurídico o reconocimiento

estatal; el cultural; las prácticas o la agencia ciudadana; y las instituciones de la ciudadanía).
La distancia ideológica entre los tres principales partidos políticos mexicanos (1976-2006)
Authors: Johansson Mondragón Steven
Published: April 2018

El trabajo trata de ubicar la posición de los tres principales partidos políticos mexicanos (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, Partido Acción Nacional, Partido de la Revolución Democrática) en torno a cinco temas relevantes de política económica (propiedad estatal, política fiscal,apertura comercial, inversión extranjera directa y seguridad social), operativizados bajo la forma de escalas izquierda-derecha, tomando como base del análisis las plataformas electorales presidenciales presentadas por estos partidos durante el periodo 1976-2006 (1988-2006,en el caso del PRD)
La producción de caprinos para carne en la montaña de Guerrero, México
Authors: García Bonilla Dulce Violeta , Vargas López Samuel , Bustamante González Ãngel , Torres Hernández Glafiro , Calderón Sánchez Francisco , Olvera Hernández José Isabel
Published: April 2018

La producción de cabras para carne es parte del modo de vida de las familias en la Montaña de Guerrero desde la época colonial. Con el objetivo de analizar las formas de producir, manejar y comercializar las cabras entre productores se aplicó una encuesta directa a 112 propietarios de caprinos. Se registraron variables de la familia, uso de la tierra, prácticas de manejo y acceso al mercado. Se identificaron tres tipologías de productores de cabras: a) orientados a caprinos (9.8 %); b) agropecuarios (25.9 %); y c) subsistencia (64.3 %). Los productores orientados a caprinos tuvieron más experiencia en caprinos (31.8 años), mano de obra (2 jornales), tamaño de rebaño (90 caprinos) e ingresos totales ($19 645.5); usan tierras de pequeña propiedad y en renta, vegetación arbustiva (40 %), cabras cruzadas con mejoradas y la sanidad del rebaño es el principal problema. Los productores agropecuarioss tienen mástierra (4.1 ha) y corrales de manejo (230.9 m2 ). Seleccionan cabras por su altura y adaptación al ambiente, y venden caprinos a pie de corral y en festividades escolares. Los productores de subsistencia son usuarios de tierras ejidales y comunales, usan zonas de bosque (83.3 %) y seleccionan cabras por su producción. Los productores de caprinos para carne en la Montaña de Guerrero tienen un amplio conocimiento del manejo de la cabra criolla y de las plantas que engordan y le dan sabor a la carne de cabra, lo cual puede ser la base para el desarrollo de productos locales con calidad de origen.
Sistemas de calidad como estrategia de ventaja competitiva en la agroindustria alimentaria
Authors: Huerta Dueñas Michaelene , Sandoval Godoy Sergio Alfonso
Published: April 2018

Debido a la gran relevancia de los sistemas de calidad en la actual coyuntura internacional de los mercados, la presente investigación realiza una discusión acerca de la implementación de los sistemas de calidad como instrumentos de ventaja competitiva en la agroindustria alimentaria, a fin de establecer un marco de reflexión para el análisis de casos de estudio. Para ello, se realiza una revisión y análisis de la literatura sobre las repercusiones de su uso, su relación con el mercado y sus implicaciones en el sector agroalimentario. A partir de lo anterior se concluye que los sistemas de calidad son una estrategia clave para lograr una mayor ventaja competitiva, siendo estos un requisito imprescindible dentro de la agroindustria alimentaria.
Fipronil: usos, características farmacológicas e toxicológicas
Authors: Magalhães Julia Zaccarelli , Sandini Thaísa Meira , Udo Mariana Sayuri Berto , Fukushima André Rinaldi , Spinosa Helenice de Souza
Published: April 2018

O fipronil é um praguicida fenilpirazol amplamente empregado com inseticida na agricultura e para o combate de ectoparasitas em medicina veterinária. Considerando esse amplo uso, é importante conhecer as principais características farmacológicas, bem como a toxicidade dessa substância. Neste artigo são abordados os seguintes tópicos: os usos desse praguicida, suas propriedades físico-químicas, sua degradação no meio ambiente, biotransformação e eliminação em mamíferos, seu mecanismo de ação e sua toxicidade.
Lots of data, lots of hurdles: aggregating usage information from distributed Open Access repositories
Authors: Herb Ulrich
Published: April 2018

This article reflects the results of the project “Open Access Statistics”, which was designed to collect standardized usage figures for scientific documents. The data gathered were primarily intended to provide impact values based on document usage for Open Access documents as these were excluded from databases used to provide citation based impact scores. The project also planned the implementation of more sophisticated procedures such as network analyses, but was confronted with complex legal requirements.
Yield and nutritional value of permanent grassland forage under simulated rotational grazing
Authors: Stojanovic Bojan , Simic Aleksandar , Grubic Goran , Bozickovic Aleksa , Krga Ivan
Published: April 2018

A cutting experiment was conducted to test the changes in botanical
composition, yield and nutritional value of forage, obtained in conditions of
simulated rotational spring grazing on permanent grassland. The experiment
was carried out on permanent pasture in vicinity of Sabac, Serbia in 2015
included three cuttings as a simulated rotational spring grazing. The highest
share of grasses was noted in the first cut and decreased in the second and
third cut, with increased forbs participation, and relatively constant
percentage of legumes. The highest dry matter (DM) yield was obtained for the
first harvest, followed by the second cut, and the lowest forage production
was determined for the third harvest, with only 11.04 and 17.42% of the first
and second cut yield. There were not found the significant differences
between cuts for herbage DM and crude protein content. Markedly lower value
for non-protein N concentration (p<0.05) was determined in the third cut. The
fiber content increased during the grazing season (p<0.05), with the highest
value determined in the herbage obtained in the second cut. The highest
energy values (p<0.05) had the herbage produced in the first cut (DM basis),
wherein the lowest values were found in the forage from the second harvest.
These results indicate that especially herbage yield of analyzed grassland as
chemical composition and nutrition value are highly variable during the
growing season. The accurately defined optimal period for using is necessary
to provide the high-quality forage for grazing animals.
Radiographic analysis of the tibial tunnel position after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Ristic Vladimir , Ristic Nenad , Harhaji Vladimir , Bjelobrk Mile , Milankov Vukadin
Published: April 2018

Introduction. The aim of the study was to analyze the tibial tunnel position
after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Material and Methods. The
study included 830 patients who underwent this operative procedure. There
were four times more male than female patients. The tibial tunnel placement
was analyzed on frontal and lateral radiograph images of the knee joint.
Results. The average frontal tibial index was 55% (35 - 68%), the average
frontal tibial angle was 75 degrees (58 - 90), the sagittal tibial index was
30% (15 - 52%) and the sagittal tibial angle was 68 degrees (50 - 89).
Conclusion. A significant deviation from these values may potentially lead
to failure of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Effect of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy on the occurrence of primary intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Lucic-Prokin Aleksandra , Pakoci Armin , Popovic Sanela , Uvelin Arsen
Published: April 2018

Introduction. The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage related to oral
anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy has an increasing trend, thus it may
be a potential indicator of unvaforable outcome of primary intracerebral
hemorrhage. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of these
therapies on the occurrence, localization and outcome of primary
intracerebral hemorrhage. Material and Methods. A retrospective study
included 246 patients with first time diagnosed primary intracerebral
hemorrhage. Patients were divided into three groups, according to the drugs
they have used. The incidence, anatomical distribution of primary
intracerebral hemorrhage and survival/mortality rates were observed in all
groups. Results. Antiplatelet therapy was used by 20.3% of patients, 8.2%
received antocoagulant therapy, while the rest of 71.5% didn not take these
drugs in the premorbid period. The most common risk factor was arterial
hypertension (97.2%). In all groups, patients had a tendency for
supratentorial hematomas. Only alcohol consumption had a significant impact
on the localization of hemorrhage (p < 0,05). There was no statistically
significant difference between groups in National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale score on admission and a modified Rankin Scale Score at
discharge. Oral anticoagulant users presented with the highest mortality
rate in the first 24 hours (odds ratio - 2.5). Patients in other two groups
showed a significantly higher survival rate (odds ratio - 1.5). Conclusion.
Oral anticoagulant users had significantly higher National Institutes of
Health Stroke Scale score on admission with an increased risk for early
death. A significantly higher percentage of survival was noted in other two
groups. Approximately 2/3 of all patients had poor functional recovery.
Endocardial endothelium as a blood-heart barrier
Authors: Smiljic Sonja , Savic Sladjana , Milanovic Zvezdan , Grujic Goran
Published: April 2018

Introduction. Endocardial endothelium is formed from a single layer of
closely related cells with complex interrelationships and extensive overlap
at the junctional edges. Morphological characteristics of blood-heart
barrier. Endocardium is composed of three layers: endocardial endothelium,
subendothelial loose connective tissue and subendocardium. The fibrous
component of the subendothelium consists of small amount of collagen and
elastic fibers. Several cell types are present in subendocardium: telocytes,
fibroblasts and nerve endings. Intercellular bonds between the endocardial
endothelial cells. Endocardial endothelial cells are attached to one another
via sets of binding proteins forming solid, adherent and communicating
connections. Communicating connections form transmembrane channels between
the neighboring cells, while solid and adherent connections form pericellular
structures like stitches. The maintenance of the presumed transendocardial
electrochemical potential difference provides a high gradient for certain
ions as well as a selective boundary barrier, basal lamina, preventing ionic
leakage. The negatively charged glycocalyx also modulates endothelial
permeability. Electrophysiological characteristics of heart-blood barrier.
Electrophysiological studies have shown the existence of a large number of
membrane ion channels in the endocardial endothelial cells: inward rectifying
K+ channels, Ca2+ dependent K+channels, voltage-dependent Cl-channels,
volume-activated Cl-channels, stretch-activated cation channels and one
carrier mediated transport mechanism - Na+K+adenosine triphosphatase.
Conclusion. Numerous diseases of the cardiovascular system may be a
consequence, but also the cause of the endocardial endothelium dysfunction.
Selective damage to the endocardial endothelium and subendocardium is found
in arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart
failure. Typical lesions of endocardial and microvascular endothelium have
also been described in sepsis, myocardial infarction, inflammation and
thrombosis. The result of endothelial dysfunction is the weakening of the
endothelial barrier regulation and electrolyte imbalance of the
subendocardial interstitium.
Estrategias de comercio electrónico: oportunidad de negocios en las empresas del sur de Sonora / E-Commerce strategies: business opportunities in Sonora Sur companies
Authors: Espinoza Zallas Francisco Alan , Flores Figueroa Julián
Published: April 2018

El presente documento se realizó con el fin de dar a conocer y demostrar que las estrategias de comercio electrónico pueden ser una oportunidad de trabajo en el área sur de Sonora.  Este tipo de comercio hoy en día es uno de los más utilizados, ya que las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) dan a conocer sus productos o servicios a través del Internet; principalmente a través de las redes sociales, las que han tomado un papel muy importante, pues son el medio electrónico por el cual las personas se comunican con mayor facilidad y frecuencia. La metodología utilizada tuvo como base información documental, la cual, además, permitió proponer una estrategia ideal para las empresas de la geografía en cuestión.Como resultado se encontró que las redes sociales logran ser un gran aliado para las pymes por su bajo costo y fácil acceso; asimismo, se recomiendan estrategias de comercio electrónico para las empresas del sur de Sonora, tales como el uso de las ya mencionadas redes sociales, el desarrollo de páginas web y la implementación de carritos de compra.
Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Transport of Nanobodies Across the Blood-Brain Barrier
Authors: Širochmanová I. , Čomor Ľ. , Káňová E. , Jiménez-Munguía I. , Tkáčová Z. , Bhide M.
Published: April 2018

The presence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB) and a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier presents animmense challenge for effective delivery of therapeutics to the central nervous system. Many potential drugs, which are effective at their site of action, have failed due to the lack of distribution in sufficient quantity to the central nervous system (CNS). In consequence, many diseases of the central nervous system remain undertreated. Antibodies, IgG for example, are difficult to deliver to the CNS due to their size (~155 kDa), physico-chemical properties and the presence of Fc receptor on the blood-brain barrier. Smaller antibodies, like the recently developed nanobodies, may overcome the obstacle of the BBB and enter into the CNS. The nanobodies are the smallest available antigen-binding fragments harbouring the full antigenbinding capacity of conventional antibodies. They represent a new generation of therapeutics with exceptional properties, such as: recognition of unique epitopes, target specificity, high affinity, high solubility, high stability and high expression yields in cost-effective recombinant production. Their ability to permeate across the BBBmakes thema promising alternative for central nervous system disease therapeutics. In this review, we have systematically presented different aspects of the BBB, drug delivery mechanisms employed to cross the BBB, and finally nanobodies — a potential therapeutic molecule against neuroinfections.
Clinical outcome and prognostic factors for central neurocytoma, a study of 14 cases
Authors: Mattar Mohamed Abdel Bari , El Badry Ashraf
Published: April 2018

Background: Since they’re rare, the intraventricular neoplasms “central neurocytoma” best management got diverse, and mystifying.

Aim of the work: to assess outcome for patients with central neurocytoma and value of specific factors like tumor size, surgical resection extent, atypia, and concomitant other modality of treatments by radiotherapy in their survival.

Patients & methods: 14 patients (8 males, 6 females) were managed surgically between 2012 and 2016. They were assessed clinically, radiologically and their outcome in relation to selected factors.

Results: Median age at diagnosis was 28.3 years in average (range 16–58). Median follow-up was 32.2 months.we lost 2 cases to follow-up in post-operative period. Six patients had recurrent of neurocytoma tumours.Five patients (35.7 %) obtained gross total resections (GTR) while 9 patients (64.2 %) had subtotal resections (STR). Two STR patients (14.2 %) received dose of radiation post operatively that significantly enhanced overall PFS (p =0.047). our series data propose that radiation therapy following (STR) usually increase (PFS). Two patients proved to have atypical neurocytoma by pathological reports died at 2.3 and 10.2 months after the microsurgical procedures. MIB-1 tagging index higher than 4 % is an indicator for poor outcome. We used Kaplan–Meier beside Cox proportional hazards methods in determining the Progression-free survival (PFS) in our study.

Conclusion: the extent of surgical resection may improve the neurological condition but not the survival, Atypia was the most important factor determine the recurrence & survival while radiotherapy improve the survival quietly.
Transsphenoidal surgery in Cushing disease: The challenging microadenoma (Local experience)
Authors: Zakaria Wael K. , Taha Ahmed N.
Published: April 2018

Background: Cushing disease is uncommon challenging disease. The adenomas are usually small in size in most case making the disease diagnosis and management is sometimes difficult. In some cases, the tumor cannot be identified on imaging studies and in many cases the adenoma is eccentric in location adding more difficulties to the trans-sphenoid approach for excision of such tricky tumors.

Object: to evaluate the challenge of diagnosis and trans-sphenoid surgery for ACTH pituitary microadenomas.

Methods: 21 patients with ACTH secreting adenomas were involved in this retrospective study. All cases were operated up on via trans-sphenoid approach during the period from January 2009 till October 2015. All of them were microadenomas. All patients had obvious Cushing manifestations. In all cases magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and CT paranasal sinuses were performed. In this study: cases with macroadenomas and recurrent cases after previous trans-sphenoid approach or gamma knife radiosurgery were excluded.

Results: Among the 21 patients; 14 were female and 7 weremale with age ranging from 21 to 44 years. The imaging study was positive for microadenoma in 18 patients while in 3 cases; no tumor was seen on the MRI imaging. All were operated via the trans-sphenoid approach (12 patients via the microscopic technique and other 9 patients via the endoscopic technique). The adenoma was successfully removed in 15 out of the 18 patients with evident adenoma on pre-operative MRI imaging while partial hypophysectomy were done in 5 cases without an evident adenoma on pre-operative MRI study or difficult adenoma identification. In one patient; the procedure was aborted because of sphenoid sinus abnormalities and the tumor was successfully removed via trans-cranial approach. Disease remission was achieved in 17 patients. In 4 patients; complete remission was not achieved and gamma knife radiosurgery was done after surgery. Disease progression occurred in two patients with initial remission and was treated gamma knife radiosurgery. 13 patients had an ACTH deficiency after surgery while other hormonal replacement therapy is needed in only 5 cases. CSF rhinorrhea occurred in 2 patients and was managed with transient lumbar drain without any subsequent morbidities. Transient diabetes insipidus occurred in 6 cases and was treated conservatively.

Conclusions: The transsphenoidal approach ACTH secreting pituitary microadenomas is considered safe and effective for achieving disease remission despite the challenge of diagnosis and intra-operative tumor identification.
Om lässtrategier och textrörlighet
Authors: Varga Anita
Published: April 2018

This article presents findings from a school project of which the focus has been to help pupils develop their reading abilities through text-talks about fiction. The article is the last in a study of four. The three preceding articles have focused on how the teachers involved in the project have supported their pupils in order to help them improve their reading skills. The purpose of the study is to analyse and describe the abilities the pupils have developed in relation to the support they have been given during their education. The empirical findings referred to in the study are from text-talks in grade 9. The reading skills have been measured through analysis of video recordings of text talks among pupils discussing in small groups without a teacher present. The analytical tool used is the concept of text movability. The study displays to what extent the pupils have acquired strategies to read the lines, between the lines and beyond them. Also, how a metalanguage can be applied to talk about texts and the processes of interpretation. The results give evidence of the connection between the teaching offered to the students and the abilities they have developed.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Petani dalam Menerapkan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) Sistem Pertanian Organik di Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Charina Anne , Kusumo Rani Andriani Budi , Sadeli Agriani Hermita , Deliana Yosini
Published: April 2018

Di Kabupaten Bandung Barat banyak petani sayuran yang mulai menjalankan pertanian organic, namun masih terdapat petani yang belum sepenuhnya menjalankan sistem budidaya sayuran organic sesuai dengan SOP. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan SOP sistem pertanian organic yang dilakukan oleh petani sayuran organic di Kabupaten Bandung Barat serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam menerapkan SOP sistem pertanian organic. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung Barat, yaitu Kecamatan Lembang, Parongpong dan Cisarua. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 105 orang petani yang membudidayakan sayuran organic. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat penerapan SOP sistem pertanian organic masih tergolong sedang. Faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam menerapkan SOP sistem pertanian organic adalah tingkat pendidikan petani, keikutsertaan petani dalam kegiatan penyuluhan, persepsi petani terhadap keuntungan relative, tingkat kerumitan dan keteramatan dari budidaya sayuran organic. Dukungan kegiatan penyuluhan sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam membudidayakan sayuran organic sesuai dengan SOP serta meningkatkan akses ke pasar sayuran organik.
Kata kunci : petani, sayuran, organic, penerapan, pengaruh
Kapasitas Pengolah Ubi Kayu “Enbal” dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Keberlanjutan Usaha di Maluku Tenggara
Authors: Leasa Welem Buce , Amanah Siti , Fatchiya Anna
Published: April 2018

“Enbal” (Manihot esculenta Crantz) merupakan salah satu jenis Ubi Kayu yang memiliki asam sianida (HCN) yang tinggi (>96 ppm). Saat ini masyarakat Maluku Tenggara telah mampu mengolah “enbal” menjadi aneka produk yang dapat dipasarkan. Usaha pengolahan enbal akan berkembang lebih baik apabila pengolah enbal memiliki kapasitas yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kapasitas pengolah enbal, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kapasitas pengolah enbal, dan menganalisis pengaruh kapasitas terhadap keberlanjutan usaha pengolahan enbal di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kapasitas pengolah enbal masih terbatas dalam aspek strategi pasar dan akses modal usaha tetapi teknis pengolahan telah dilakukan dengan lebih baik. Tingkat kapasitas pengolah enbal dipengaruhi secara positif langsung oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Karakteristik internal terdiri atas keaktifan dalam kelompok dan motivasi mengembangkan usaha sedangkan faktor eksternal yang dominan berpengaruh adalah dukungan pasar yang terdiri atas kesesuaian harga, ketersediaan informasi, permintaan produk, dan tempat penjualan kemudian diikuti oleh faktor ketersediaan fasilitas usaha berupa ketersediaan modal, dukungan kelompok sebagai wadah belajar dan fasilitasi usaha, dan dukungan penyuluhan yang terdiri atas kesesuaian materi, ketepatan metode dan kompetensi penyuluh. Kapasitas pengolah enbal berupa teknis pengolahan, strategi pasar dan akses modal usaha berpengaruh positif langsung terhadap keberlanjutan usaha pengolahan enbal.
Hubungan Motivasi Kerja dengan Kinerja Pustakawan di Lingkup Kementerian Pertanian
Authors: Ani Erri , Muljono Pudji , Sri mulyani Eko
Published: April 2018

Kinerja pustakawan dalam menjalankan tugasnya diatur dalam jabatan fungsional dan angka kreditnya berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2014. Ketentuan tersebut diharapkan jabatan fungsional pustakawan mempunyai ruang lingkup tugas, tanggung jawab, wewenang, dan hak untuk melaksanakan kegiatan kepustakawanan. Motivasi kerja sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap kemajuan perpustakaan, pada dasarnya motivasi bersumber pada diri seseorang yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan atau berkembang melalui proses interaksinya dengan lingkungan melalui proses belajar. Sehingga perlu dianalisis hubungan karakteristik pustakawan dengan motivasi kerja, hubungan motivasi kerja dengan kinerja pustakawan, serta perbedaan motivasi pustakawan ahli dan terampil. Peneliian ini dilakukan di 30 instansi Kementerian Pertanian lingkup Jawa Barat dan Jakarta. Pengumpulan data di lapangan dilaksanakan selama dua bulan terhitung dari bulan April-Mei 2017. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) dengan pertimbangan sudah menjabat fungsional pustakawan, sehingga diharapkan mampu mendukung terlaksananya penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin berhubungan dengan Kebijakan perusahaan, dan tingkat pendidikan non formal berhubungan dengan kebijakan perusahaan serta gaji/tunjangan. Selanjutnya Pendidikan berhubungan dengan kebijakan perusahaan, Pengelolaan perpustakaan berhubungan dengan prestasi; pengakuan; pekerjaan itu sendiri; kemajuan; hubungan interpersonal; gaji/tunjangan. Serta pelayanan perpustakaan erhubungan dengan hubungan interpersonal dan gaji/tunjanga. Dilihat dari perbedaan motivasi pustakawan ahli dan terampil, hanya kualtas supervise/atasan yang memiliki perbedaan antara pustakawan ahli dan terampil.

Kata Kunci: Motivasi, Kinerja, Pustakawan
Partisipasi petani pada usahatani padi, jagung, dan kedelai perspektif gender
Authors: Mulyaningsih Asih , Hubeis Aida Vitayala S , Sadono Dwi
Published: April 2018

Sektor pertanian memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam pembangunan. Adanya kultur masyarakat yang menempatkan perempuan dengan perspektif tertentu mengakibatkan terjadinya bias gender dalam kegiatan usahatani. Partisipasi petani sangat diperlukan untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat partisipasi petani Pajale perspektif gender dan  menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi petani dalam usahatani padi, jagung, dan kedelai perspektif gender. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan April sampai Juni 2017. Lokasi Penelitian di Kabupaten Pandeglang dan Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah suami istri petani padi, jagung, dan kedelai sebanyak 216 keluarga petani. Data yang dikumpulkan dan diolah dengan statistik inferensi yaitu Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) LISREL 8.72 dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: ciri  kepribadian petani, intensitas pemberdayaan, ketersediaan informasi pertanian, dan dukungan terhadap lingkungan fisik dan sosio-ekonom mempengaruhi partisipasi petani persprktif gender. Dengan demikian model partisipasi petani perspektif gender dapat tercapai dengan cara meningkatkan kepribadian petani, meningkatkan  intensitas pemberdayaan, ketersediaan informasi pertanian yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan petani, serta dukungan lingkungan fisik dan sosial ekonomi.
Validity and Responsiveness of the Short Version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (Short-WORC) in Patients With Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Dewan Neha , MacDermid Joy C. , MacIntyre Norma
Published: April 2018

Study Design

Clinical measurement.

Background

Recently, the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) was shortened, but few studies have reported its measurement properties.

Objective

To compare the validity and responsiveness of the short version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (Short-WORC) and the WORC (disease-specific measures) with those of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and the simple shoulder test (SST) (joint-specific measures); the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) (a region-specific measure); and the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2) (a general health status measure) in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair (RCR).

Methods

A cohort of patients (n = 223) completed the WORC, SPADI, SST, DASH, and SF-12v2 preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months after RCR. Short-WORC scores were extracted from the WORC questionnaire. The construct validity (Pearson correlations) and internal responsiveness (effect size [ES], standardized response mean [SRM], relative efficiency [RE]) of the Short-WORC were calculated.

Results

The Short-WORC was strongly correlated with the WORC (r = 0.89−0.96) and moderately to strongly correlated with non-disease-specific measures at preoperative and postoperative assessments (r = 0.51−0.92). The Short-WORC and WORC were equally responsive (REShort-WORC/WORC = 1) at 0 to 6 months and highly responsive overall at 0 to 3 months (ESShort-WORC, 0.72; ESWORC, 0.92; SRMShort-WORC, 0.75; SRMWORC, 0.81) and 0 to 6 months (ESShort-WORC, 1.05; ESWORC, 1.12; SRMShort-WORC, 0.89; SRMWORC, 0.89). The responsiveness of the comparator measures (SPADI, SST, DASH, SF-12v2) was poor to moderate at 0 to 3 months (ES, 0.07−0.55; SRM, 0.09−0.49) and 0 to 6 months (ES, 0.05−0.78; SRM, 0.07−0.78).

Conclusion

The Short-WORC and WORC have similar responsiveness in patients undergoing RCR, and are more responsive than non-disease-specific measures. Future studies should focus on validation of the Short-WORC in samples representing the spectrum of rotator cuff disorders. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(5):409–418. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7928
Post-synthetic ligand exchange in zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks: beware of the defects!
Authors: Taddei Marco , Wakeham Russell J. , Koutsianos Athanasios , Andreoli Enrico , Barron Andrew R.
Published: April 2018

Post-synthetic ligand exchange is a valuable synthetic tool for functionalisation of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks. It is generally assumed that the exchange involves organic linkers, however these materials are known to contain large amounts of defects, which are likely to play a role during the exchange process. This can eventually lead to unexpected effects on the physical-chemical properties of the material. Post-synthetic ligand exchange in the prototypical zirconium-based metal-organic framework UiO-66 was investigated by in situ solution nuclear magnetic resonance. Samples of UiO-66 prepared either with or without modulators (formic acid or benzoic acid) and having different degrees of defectivity were exchanged using solutions of 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid at different temperatures. Linker exchange only occurred in a defect-free UiO-66, whereas monocarboxylates grafted at defective sites were found to be preferentially exchanged with respect to terephthalic acid over the whole range of conditions investigated. A 1:1 exchange ratio between 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and modulator was observed, providing evidence that the defects had missing-cluster nature. These findings were corroborated by ex situ characterisation of exchanged samples.
Гипернефроидный рак почки с метастазом в молочную железу
Authors: Седаков И. Е. , Смирнов В. Н. , Скочиляс Т. Л. , Гандера В. Ф. , Хлопушин Е. Ю. , Рашевская А. А.
Published: April 2018

В данной  статье описан случай лечения пациента в Республиканском онкологическом центре им. проф.Г.В.Бондаря с гипернефроидным раком почки с метастазом в молочную железу с изучением клинически значимых валидных предикторов для построения дальнейшей тактики ведения пациентов.
β-Tubulin carboxy-terminal tails exhibit isotype-specific effects on microtubule dynamics in human gene-edited cells
Authors: Parker Amelia L , Teo Wee Siang , Pandzic Elvis , Vicente Juan Jesus , McCarroll Joshua A , Wordeman Linda , Kavallaris Maria
Published: April 2018

Microtubules are highly dynamic structures that play an integral role in fundamental cellular functions. Different α- and β-tubulin isotypes are thought to confer unique dynamic properties to microtubules. The tubulin isotypes have highly conserved structures, differing mainly in their carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) tail sequences. However, little is known about the importance of the C-terminal tail in regulating and coordinating microtubule dynamics. We developed syngeneic human cell models using gene editing to precisely modify the β-tubulin C-terminal tail region while preserving the endogenous microtubule network. Fluorescent microscopy of live cells, coupled with advanced image analysis, revealed that the β-tubulin C-terminal tails differentially coordinate the collective and individual dynamic behavior of microtubules by affecting microtubule growth rates and explorative microtubule assembly in an isotype-specific manner. Furthermore, βI- and βIII-tubulin C-terminal tails differentially regulate the sensitivity of microtubules to tubulin-binding agents and the microtubule depolymerizing protein mitotic centromere-associated kinesin. The sequence of the β-tubulin tail encodes regulatory information that instructs and coordinates microtubule dynamics, thereby fine-tuning microtubule dynamics to support cellular functions.
Industrial relations legislation in 1984
Authors: Hodge W. C.
Published: April 2018

This note outlines and discusses the major changes in industrial relations legislation to take place in New Zealand during 1984.
The earliest origins and suppression of trade unionism in the Fiji Islands
Authors: Hince Kevin
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the earliest example of trade union activity in Fiji canvassing both the origins and suppression. The style of colonial government, especially when the status quo is threatened, the relationship between commercial interests and colonial officials and government, and the extent to which colonial governments of the time were prepared to infringe on individual rights in pursuit of "law and order" and the exercise of "paternal rights", are examined within the context of the events surrounding the emergence and control of labour unrest.
International labour standards and the review of industrial law
Authors: Anderson Gordon
Published: April 2018

This paper examines the major ILO conventions that have a direct bearing on industrial relations structures. After a brief examination of the purposes of ILO standards the New Zealand governnent's approach ro ratification is considered. The paper then looks at the major conventions pointing out the difficulties in implementing them and considering what changes would he needed to New Zealand law to achieve this. The policy and practical implications of such changes are also discussed.
The authorising roles of public institutions in job creation and training: legitimating New Zealand employment policy 1980 - 1985
Authors: O'Connor Martin
Published: April 2018

This paper analyses the roles of central and local goven1ment public sector institutions in conferring and denying ideological legitimacy to alternative job creation and training strategies. The past decade has seen numerous changes in employment policy direction. In all cases the policy changes have been accompanied by the promulgation of rhetorical information proclaiming why and how they represent rational and appropriate responses to identified problems. There has in fact been no general consensus on priorities nor on the best means to achieve objectives. Institutional power to authorise particular policy rationales therefore is of paramount importance in determining what forms support for employment initiatives are able to take. Through a review of the past decade of the public sector special employment programmes, this paper traces and interprets the dynamics of this coercive political process, and its part in wider social change in New Zealand.
The concentration of unemployment experience in spells of long donation: An analysis by age and sex
Authors: Brosnan Peter , Hicks John
Published: April 2018

Estimates of the completed duration of unemployment are prepared by the generation life table method. It is found that the duration of unemployment spells increases with age. However younger workers have a higher probability of becoming unemployed. Thus their higher unemployment rate is due to more, but shorter spells of unemployment. The rise in the unemployment rate for males in recent years is primarily due to an increasing duration of unemployment. When we decompose unemployment by length of spell, we find that spells of 13 weeks and longer account for between 70 and 90 percent of all significant unemployment. These results call into question the theoretical base of Government's current employment policy.
The activity of employer unions in perspective
Authors: Taylor Raymond E. , Greenslade Bevan R.
Published: April 2018

As two of the employer representatives thanked by the authors of the article The inactivitesof employer unions by P Brosnan. P Walsh and P Rowe for their advice. we are prevented by modesty (and other sentiment) from bearing the burden of any credit for its contents and interpretations.
The (in)accuracy of official work stoppage statistics in New Zealand
Authors: Harbridge Raymond
Published: April 2018

The accuracy of stoppage statistics in New Zealand is examined by comparing official statistics of the Federation of Labour's right to bargain campaign with those collected at Victoria University of Wellington The campaign of industrial stoppages lasted 87 days and was identified using media reports and employer and union sources. A total of 57,264 workers stopped work, losing a total of 126,793 working days. Government figures under-report the nurnber of workers involved in the campaign stoppages by 47 percent and the number of working days lost by 42 percent. The degree of under-reporting is even more marked when the activities of 2 groups of workers- meat processing workers and waterside workers - are taken out of the sample. Then, working days lost in the manufacturing sector are under-reported by 117 percent while in the transpon sector official figures reveal a more 82 workers losing 198 days while university figures identified 9,440 workers losing 6,360 working days. Reasonsfor these inaccuracies include the low priority given to the function of collecting stoppage statistics within the Department and staffing difficulties while at the same title the Department's work load was being increased. It is often argued that while the raw stoppage statistics are inaccurat, they do accurately reflect trends in industrial disputation. The research indicates that this is nor the case and that policy makers should not rely on stoppage statistics as a means to evaluate the effectiveness of the industrial relations system.
Communicating by employee reports: a survey of employee attitudes
Authors: Smith Andrew M. C. , Firth Michael A.
Published: April 2018

Over the past few years there has been a growing interest in the general disclosure of a companys financial information to all of its employees. 'In rnany cases this has Inanifested itself in the form of a firm issuing \Vhat is known as an employee repon to ·its staff. Typicall). an employee report summarises the factual information contained in the statutO'I)' annual report but does so in a simplified fonn \\1hich is easier for non-accountants to understand. In addition. the employee r~eport often contains non-financial information \Vhi·ch does not appear in the annual accounts nor in any other company publication. While un·ion negotiators may have access to dctail·ed accounting infonnation. the general rank and file etnr.Joyecs probably get most of their financial kno\vledge about 'the ent~erprise they 'NOrk for via an em ployee report. A recent study by Firth and Smith (1984) found that nearly one-half of publicly listed Nevl Zealand companies currently produce some form of e1nployee r·eport. Additionally. many of the New Zealand subsidiaries of 'larger overseas firms also issue such reports. ln spite of the large number of finns involved. there has not. until no\v. been any fonnal a sessment of employee attitudes regarding such reports. The purpose oft he paper is to address this need by reporting the results of a questionnaire-based survey of employee opinion .
The Holt narrative and the industrial relations agenda
Authors: Simpson Tony
Published: April 2018

The history of the industrial relations systcm in New Zealand is the history of dynamic tension between trade unions and employers. That in itself is an unexceptionable statement: it is true of any industrial relations system. It is the source and nature of that dynanmic tension which characterises a particular system. In this country that source and nature is often seriously misunderstood. It is depicted by the media (for the obvious reasons associated with their position within the nexus of relationships which make up the dominant consciousness) and by most academic historians (largely implicitly as an inarticulate major premise) as an offensive attempt on the part of the unions to elbow their way into an inappropriate control role within the political and industrial culture and as a defensive response on the part of employer organisations and successive governments to prevent this. The source of this depiction and the reasons for its persistence are interesting but rather outside lhe scope of this paper although they deserve to be canvassed at some point. Just now I want to suggest an alternative model which I believe to be much more sustainable on the facts.
Holt and the establishment of arbitration: an Australian perspective
Authors: Macintyre Stuart
Published: April 2018

'Even the argument that New Zealand has done something is not sufficient to satisfy me of the correctness of the present government.' The speaker was Sir John Downer, a delegate to the final session of the Australian Federal Convention in 1898. The occasion was a debate on industrial arbitration, during which enthusiasts pointed repeatedly to the success of the New Zealand Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act of 1894. And the outcome was that by a narrow majority the Convention reversed its previous decisions and empowered the Commonwealth to make laws for conciliation and arbitration for the prevention and settlement of industrial dispules extending beyond the limits of any one State. (Victorian Government Printer. 1898. vol. I. p. 187)
Arbitration: the sheepowners and the shearers
Authors: Martin John
Published: April 2018

In late 1981 I attended the NZ Historical Association's annual conference at Victoria University, and heard a paper given by Jim Holt on the arbitration system in the early years of the 20th century. At the time I was beginning to work my way into the subject of labour history and the crucial role of arbitration, by looking at rural trade unions in particular. I found Jim Holt's paper particularly interesting and remember discussing with him briefly afterwards the extent to which awards were a means of disciplining and controlling workers such as shearers and threshing-mill hands. It is especially pleasing to see that work and his other already published articles coming together in book form at long last I subsequently sent him a paper of my own which he commented on in a letter saying: 'I haven't spent much time on rural workers partly because the most critical episode for the history of arbitration was well covered by Brendan Thompson (in his thesis on the Canterbury Agricultural and Pastoral Labourers' application for an award in 1907-8)." He also suggested that he was pushing forward his research on the arbitration system: "The 1930s I haven't thought about much yet but I am getting there gradually. Am about to work on the 1920s." I found his open and responsive approach welcome indeed.
The unintended consequences of the arbitration system
Authors: Walsh Pat , Fougere Geoff
Published: April 2018

Eight years ago Jim Holt, Erik Olssen and the two authors of this paper met together over a long and relaxed dinner. Jim was in Christchurch to work on the McCullough diaries as it turned out, an important source in writing. Compulsory arbitration in New Zealand. Erik Oissen was doing parallel work on the Red Feds. Pat Walsh, as an analyst of industrial relations had a direct interest in labour history while Geoff Fougere's interest lay more generally in New Zealand political economy. At different times all four of us had been graduate students in the United States. The mix of shared and differing interests made for a pleasurable evening. Talk ranged widely over issues in New Zealand society, relationships between social science and history and the peculiarities of New Zealand academic life. In its own way, this paper is a continuation of that conversation.
Labour History Symposium
Authors: Walsh Pat
Published: April 2018

Editor's introduction to the Labour History Symposium
Schooling tomorrow's worker: trade union education In secondary schools
Authors: Sultana Ronald G.
Published: April 2018

The state of trade union education in three New Zealand secondary schools is described. The lacunae in this aspect of schooling for work is related to the wider economic structure and to how the needs of industry gain ascendancy over the needs of democracy in times of economic recession. Implications and directions are explored within a theoretical and empirical context.
Injunctions and compliance orders: some procedural issues
Authors: Boast Richard
Published: April 2018

An injunction is a remedy originally devised in the Court of Chancery in England, mainly, it appears, for the purpose of bringing proceedings in the courts of common law to a halt and having the cases transferred to Chancery (Baker, 1979, pp. 90-91). Today it is an important judicial remedy used in many different situations, sometimes alone, sometimes in combination with other remedies such as damages. An injunction is a discretionary remedy, directed at a particular person, ordering that person to either do something (a mandatory injunction) or to stop doing or not to do something (a restrictive injunction). I Since an injunction is an order of the High Court, a person who wilfully disobeys it - as is the case with any court order - has committed a contempt of court. Although such a contempt is a "civil" rather than a "criminal" contempt, the consequences can be exceptionally severe. The alleged contemnor can be fined or committed to jail by an order of the court, and can be detained in custody until the fmes are paid or the order is complied with. Although matters are rarely taken so far, the threat of such alarming possibilities usually means that injunctions are instantly obeyed.
Injunctions and analysis of the and decisions compliance orders: an Labour Court's powers
Authors: Hughes John , Anderson Gordon
Published: April 2018

This paper outlines the provisions of the Labour Relations Act 1987 that relate to the lawfulness of strike action and the remedies available in the case of unlawful strikes. The decisions of the Labour Cozut to date in relation to those remedies are then discussed, in particular the recent decision of the Full Court in the New Zealand Harbours IUW case.