bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational evaluation of efflux pump homologues and lignans as potent inhibitors against multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi
Authors: Shafique Iqra , Rafiq Mehak , Rana Nosheen Fatima , Menaa Farid , Almalki Fatemah , Aljuaid Alya , Alnasser Sulaiman Mohammed , Alotaibi Amenah S. , Masood Madahiah Bint E. , Tanweer Tahreem
Published: June 2024

Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhi, presents a substantial global health threat, particularly in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains of S. typhi exacerbates this challenge, severely compromising conventional treatment efficacy due to over activity of efflux pumps. In our study, a comprehensive exploration of two fundamental aspects to combat MDR in S. typhi is carried out; i.e. employing advanced bioinformatics analyses and AlphaFold AI, We successfully identified and characterised a putative homologue, ABC-TPA, reminiscent of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) known for its role in multidrug resistance in diverse pathogens. This discovery provides a critical foundation for understanding the potential mechanisms driving antibiotic resistance in S. typhi. Furthermore, employing computational methodologies, We meticulously assessed the potential of lignans, specifically Schisandrin A, B, and C, as promising Efflux Pump Inhibitors (EPIs) against the identified P-gp homologue in S. typhi. Noteworthy findings revealed robust binding interactions of Schisandrin A and B with the target protein, indicating substantial inhibitory capabilities. In contrast, Schisandrin C exhibited instability, showing varied effectiveness among the evaluated lignans. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity predictions underscored the favourable attributes of Schisandrin A, including prolonged action duration. Furthermore, high systemic stability and demanished toxicity profile of SA and SB present their therapeutic efficacy against MDR. This comprehensive investigation not only elucidates potential therapeutic strategies against MDR strains of S. typhi but also highlights the relevance of computational approaches in identifying and evaluating promising candidates. These findings lay a robust foundation for future empirical studies to address the formidable challenges antibiotic resistance poses in this clinically significant infectious diseases.
A blended wavefield separation method for seismic exploration based on improved GoogLeNet
Authors: Gan ZhiQiang , Sun XiangE
Published: June 2024

Simultaneous acquisition is a construction method that has been proposed in recent years to meet the requirements of ultra-large-scale and high-precision seismic exploration. Such method is highly efficient and can significantly reduce exploration costs by saving manpower and material resources, being extensively used in offshore exploration and several foreign seismic exploration projects. The data deblending step is a significant part of the operation of simultaneous acquisition, which directly affects the acquired data quality, and is a key factor for the success of oil and gas exploration. The simultaneous use of multiple seismic sources can generate blended noise with a random distribution in non-shot-gather datasets. However, the useful signal exhibits strong coherence, making it possible to separate the non-used wavefield from the blended data. Although the blended noise is randomly distributed in non-shot-gather datasets, it also has characteristics that are different from normal ambient noise, and its kinematic and dynamical characteristics are almost similar to the useful signal. As such, traditional filtering methods are not applicable, especially in the case of strong background noise. In the present study, simultaneous acquisition was introduced, the principle of data deblending using CNN was analyzed, and a data deblending method based on an improved version of GoogLeNet was established. The experimental results show that the trained network model could quickly and effectively separate the mixed wavefield from blended data, and achieve the expected useful signal.
Estimation of calories intake, iron, zinc, and selenium among children of the underprivileged area in Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Kapoor Aneel , Baig Fizzah , Channa Naseem Aslam , Othman Sahar Shafik , Abualhamael Shahad Abduljalil , Baig Mukhtiar
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Malnutrition is one of the most serious community health issues in developing countries. This study estimated total energy intake, Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Calcium (Ca), and Phosphate (PO4) levels among school-going children (aged 13–17 years) of the underprivileged area in Sindh, Pakistan.

Methods

Children from Mithi City, District Tharparkar, were selected for this cross-sectional investigation. Students from various schools from both genders who fulfilled the selection criteria were selected. A questionnaire was filled, and five ml blood samples were taken to analyze blood parameters. Each participant’s estimated nutrient intake (ENI) per day was assessed and matched to the recommended daily allowance (RDA) to determine their micro and macronutrient intake.

Results

A total of 300 school-going children [150(50%) boys (mean age 15± 0.8 years) and 150(50%) girls (mean age 14±1.3years)] were included in this study. Total calories (1449±949 Kcal vs. 1245±215 Kcal; p < .001), carbohydrates (138±27 gm vs. 126 ±25 gm; p < .001) protein (47±9.1 gm vs. 44±6 gm; p < .001) was significantly higher among boys compared to girls. In contrast, calcium (1094±105 mg vs. 1144±100; 0.004), phosphate 1050±125 vs. 1148±147; p<0.001), iron (9.2±1.7 mg vs. 10±1.3 mg; p<0.001), and Zinc (7.4±1.8 mg vs. 9.9±1.7 mg; p<0.001) intake was significantly higher among girls than boys. Gender-wise comparison of serum metals in school-going children showed that serum iron was significantly lower among girls than boys (100.86±25.65 μg/dl vs. 78.48±28.66 μg/dl; p<0.001), and no difference was found in serum Zn, Se, and Ca levels. Total proteins were also significantly lower among girls than boys (6.48±1.01g/dl vs. 4.87±1.4301g/dl; p<0.001). Serum iron, Ca, and total proteins were significantly lower among girls with normal ranges compared to boys with normal ranges. Total protein was significantly lower among girls below normal ranges than boys with normal ranges (p < .001). The correlation of carbohydrates, protein, and fat with some serum biochemical parameters in school-going children showed that serum Fe was significantly linked with proteins (r = 0.255; p < .0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings showed a concurrent shortage of macro and micronutrients. The current study also revealed that total energy intake was lower than the RDA and significant Fe, Zn, and Se deficiencies. The findings highlight the importance of measures aimed at improving children’s nutritional status.
Prognostic value of combining 24-hour ASPECTS and hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio to the THRIVE score in predicting in-hospital mortality among ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Krongsut Sarawut , Srikaew Surachet , Anusasnee Niyada
Published: June 2024

Background

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a significant global health issue, directly impacting mortality and disability. The Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score is appreciated for its simplicity and ease of use to predict stroke clinical outcomes; however, it lacks laboratory and neuroimaging data, which limits its ability to predict outcomes precisely. Our study evaluates the impact of integrating the 24-hour Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width (HB/RDW) ratio into the THRIVE score using the multivariable fractional polynomial (MFP) method (combined THRIVE-MFP model) compared to the THRIVE-c model. We aim to assess their added value in predicting in-hospital mortality (IHM) prognosis.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study from January 2015 to July 2022 examined consecutive AIS patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis. Data on THRIVE scores, 24-hour ASPECTS, and HB/RDW levels were collected upon admission. The model was constructed using logistic regression and the MFP method. The prognostic value was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC). Ischemic cerebral lesions within the middle cerebral artery territory were evaluated with non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) after completing 24 hours of intravenous thrombolysis (24-hour ASPECTS).

Results

Among a cohort of 345 patients diagnosed with AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis, 65 individuals (18.8%) experienced IHM. The combined THRIVE-MFP model was significantly superior to the THRIVE-c model in predicting IHM (AuROC 0.980 vs. 0.876, p<0.001), 3-month mortality (AuROC 0.947 vs. 0.892, p<0.001), and 3-month poor functional outcome (AuROC 0.910 vs. 0.853, p<0.001).

Conclusion

The combined THRIVE-MFP model showed excellent predictive performance, enhancing physicians’ ability to stratify patient selection for intensive neurological monitoring and guiding treatment decisions. Incorporating 24-hour ASPECTS on NCCT and HB/RDW proved valuable in mortality prediction, particularly for hospitals with limited access to advanced neuroimaging resources.
Determinants of advanced age pregnancy in Ethiopian; multi-level analysis of Ethiopian demographic health survey 2016
Authors: Tesega Aynamaw Embiale , Enyew Aynadis , Tesfaye Degefa Gomora , Geta Girma , Argaw Muche , Belay Alamirew Enyew
Published: June 2024

Background

Advanced maternal-age pregnancy has become a serious public health problem in both developed and developing countries due to adverse birth outcomes for the mother, fetus, or newborn. However, there are limited studies conducted to identify determinants of advanced-age pregnancy in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess individual and community-level determinants of advanced age pregnancy in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study was based on 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. Three thousand two hundred ninety-two weighted samples of pregnant women were included in this analysis. A multilevel logistic regression model was conducted to assess the determinants of advanced-age pregnancy among the study participants in Ethiopia.

Results

maternal age at first birth (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI: 1.77–9.22), level of maternal education [primary education 2.72 times (AOR = 2.27, 95 CI: 1.55–4.76) and secondary and above education (AOR = 5.65, 95% CI: 1.77–17.70)], having a history of alcohol (AOR = 11.8, 95% CI: 5.71–24.42), parity (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.69–3.84), number of household member (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.05–1.41), family planning unmet need for spacing of pregnancy (AOR = 4.79, 95% CI: 2.63–8.74), having sons/daughters elsewhere (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22–2.94), had higher community poverty level (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.16–4.85), those had higher community unmet need for family planning (AOR = 5.19, 95% CI: 2.72–9.92) were more likely to have advanced age pregnancy. Whereas Living in an Emerging region (AOR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14–0.59) and living in a metropolitan city (AOR = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.03–0.38), were less likely to have advanced age pregnancy.

Conclusions

increased Maternal age at first birth, level of maternal education, history of alcohol drinking, increased number of parity and household members, family planning unmet need for spacing, had sons/daughters elsewhere, had higher community poverty level, those had higher community unmet need for family planning positively, whereas living in the emerging region and living in metropolitan’s city was negatively affect advanced age pregnancy. Help women to have informed decision-making and create platforms to women have special care during this age of pregnancy. Empower women on family planning and socioeconomic status.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Bellamya purificata in Guangxi
Authors: Yuan Chang , Li Zhe , Zhou Kangqi , Pan Xianhui , Li Yusen , Zhang Caiqun , Lin Yong , Peng Jinxia , Chen Zhong , Qin Junqi , Du Xuesong , Huang Yin , Zhang Shengjie , Wei Xiaokai , He Pingping , Wei Pinyuan
Published: June 2024

Bellamya purificata is an important medicinal value and economically farmed species in China. However, because little is known about the genetic characteristics of this species, the utilization of high-quality germplasm resources is hindered. The study examined the genetic differentiation between, and the structure of 12 B. purificata populations in Guangxi using 7 microsatellite DNA markers. High genetic diversity occurred in each population, with mean observed heterozygosity 0.655 and a mean expected heterozygosity 0.832. Analysis of molecular variance reveals genetic diversity to be greater within (95.2%) than among populations (4.8%). Genetic differentiation between populations is weak (Fst = 0.048, P < 0.001), with mixing of genetic clusters prevalent at the level of the individual. Genetic flow exists between populations (Nm = 3.084–11.778), with Longshui and Guilin populations exchanging frequently. A Mantel test reveals a low correlation between geographic and genetic distances (r = 0.2482, P < 0.071), suggesting that dispersal between neighboring populations facilitates population exchange. No significant heterozygosity excess was observed for any population (P > 0.05), indicating a lack of recent genetic bottlenecks. The results provide important genetic information for B. purificata, and data for potential germplasm discovery and aquaculture development.
Exploring the pathogenesis and immunological profiles of psoriasis complicated with MASLD
Authors: Tan Shuhui , Liu Mingyue , Feng Fei , Li Ruicheng , Tian Rui , Nie Zhenhua
Published: June 2024

Background

Both psoriasis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases. Psoriasis manifests itself mainly as skin damage, while MASLD mainly involves the liver promoting liver fibrosis, which has a significant impact on patient health and quality of life. Some clinical studies have shown that there are mutually reinforcing mechanisms between these two diseases, but they are not clearly defined, and this paper aims to further explore their common pathogenesis.

Methods

Gene expression profiling datasets (GSE30999, GSE48452) and single cell datasets (GSE151177, GSE186328) for psoriasis and MASLD were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common differential gene sets were obtained by gene differential analysis, and then functional enrichment of differential genes was performed to find associated transcription factors and PPI protein network analysis. Single-cell datasets were validated for gene expression and explored for cellular communication, gene set differential analysis and immune infiltration analysis.

Results

We identified seven common differential genes, all of which were upregulated.The IL-17 pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) pathway were shown in strong association with both diseases, and five transcription factors regulating the differential genes were predicted. Two key genes (MMP9, CXCL10) and three key transcription factors (TF) (IRF1, STAT1, NFKB1) were obtained by PPI protein network analysis. Single cell dataset verified the expression of key genes, and combined with gene set differential analysis, immune infiltration revealed that CD4+ T cells, NK cells and macrophages were heavily infiltrated in both diseases. IL-17, IL-1 and cGAS-STING pathways were highly expressed in both diseases, and both diseases share a similar immune microenvironment.

Conclusions

Our study reveals the common pathogenesis of psoriasis and MASLD from gene expression to immune cell similarities and differences, identifies key genes and regulatory pathways common to both, and elucidates the similarities in the immune microenvironment of both diseases, providing new ideas for subsequent studies on targeted therapy.
Well-posedness analysis and pseudo-Galerkin approximations using Tau Legendre algorithm for fractional systems of delay differential models regarding Hilfer (α,β)-framework set
Authors: Sweis Hind , Abu Arqub Omar , Shawagfeh Nabil
Published: June 2024

Fractional calculus serves as a versatile and potent tool for the modeling and control of intricate systems. This discussion debates the system of DFDEs with two regimes; theoretically and numerically. For theoretical analysis, we have established the EUE by leveraging the definition of Hilfer (α,β)-framework. Our investigation involved the examination of the possessions of the FRD, FCD, and FHD, utilizing their forcefulness and qualifications to convert the concerning delay system into an equivalent one of fractional DVIEs. By employing the CMT, we have successfully demonstrated the prescribed requirements. For numerical analysis, the Galerkin algorithm was implemented by leveraging OSLPs as a base function. This algorithm allows us to estimate the solution to the concerning system by transforming it into a series of algebraic equations. By employing the software MATHEMATICA 11, we have effortlessly demonstrated the requirements estimation of the nodal values. One of the key advantages of the deployed algorithm is its ability to achieve accurate results with fewer iterations compared to alternative methods. To validate the effectiveness and precision of our analysis, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation through various linear and nonlinear numerical applications. The results of these tests, accompanied by figures and tables, further support the superiority of our algorithm. Finally, an analysis of the numerical algorithm employed was provided along with insightful suggestions for potential future research directions.
Mindreading quality versus quantity: A theoretically and empirically motivated two-factor structure for individual differences in adults’ mindreading
Authors: Pomareda Christina , Devine Rory T. , Apperly Ian A.
Published: June 2024

Existing methods for studying individual differences in adults’ mindreading often lack good psychometric characteristics. Moreover, it remains unclear, even in theory, how mindreading varies in adults who already possess an understanding of mental states. In this pre-registered study, it was hypothesised that adults vary in their motivation for mindreading and in the degree to which their answers on mindreading tasks are appropriate (context-sensitive). These factors are confounded in existing measures as they do not differentiate between the frequency of mental state terms (MST), indicative of motivation, and the quality of an explanation. Using an innovative scoring system, the current study examined whether individual differences in adult undergraduate psychology students’ (N = 128) answer quality and / or quantity of explicit references to others’ mental states on two open-ended response mindreading tasks were separable constructs, accounted for by mindreading motivation, and related differentially to measures previously linked with mindreading (e.g., religiosity, loneliness, social network size). A two-factor and one-factor model both provided acceptable fit. Neither model showed significant associations with mindreading motivation. However, a two-factor model (with MST and response appropriateness loading onto separate factors) provided greater explanatory power. Specifically, MST was positively associated with religiosity and response appropriateness was negatively associated with religiosity, whilst the one-factor solution did not predict any socially relevant outcomes. This provides some indication that mindreading quantity and mindreading quality may be distinguishable constructs in the structure of individual differences in mindreading.
Is Stroke risk analysis (SRA) a reliable method for predicting atrial fibrillation? A systematic review
Authors: Gomes Rafael Alessandro Ferreira , Sá Michel Pompeu Barros de Oliveira , Montenegro Marcela Vasconcelos , Furtado Ludmila Cristina Camilo , Costa José Henrique Cardoso Ferreira da , Coutinho Daniel Barros , Silva Johnnes Henrique Vieira , Sobral Filho Dário Celestino
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation is responsible for a considerable number of cases of cardioembolism, accounting for 17% to 30% of the etiologies of all strokes. The software known as Stroke Risk Analysis (SRA) detects patients at high risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by analyzing a continuous electrocardiogram recorded over different periods of time.

Objectives

This article aims to carry out a systematic review investigating the effectiveness of the SRA method in predicting the risk of stroke patients having paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as the cause of the event.

Methods

The methods correspond to the format of the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Protocol, according to CRD Identification Code: CRD42021253974. A systematic search was carried out in BMJB, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct and LILACS. Six cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, representing a total of 2,088 participants with stroke, and compared the detection of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on the continuous recording electrocardiogram with a time variation of 1 to 48h with the use of SRA.

Results

Studies have shown that SRA has a high negative predictive value (between 96 and 99.1%) and can contribute to the selection of patients at high risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation to be referred for implantable cardiac monitoring to continue the investigation.

Conclusions

A sequential combination of SRA with implantable cardiac monitoring is a promising strategy for detecting undiagnosed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Thus, the SRA can act as a cost-effective pre-selection tool to identify patients at higher risk of having paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as a possible cause of stroke and who may benefit from implantable cardiac monitoring. However, the lack of randomized studies is a limitation that must be considered.
Can viewing a 3D movie improve visual function in children with a history of amblyopia and neurotypical children?: A pilot study
Authors: Asensio-Jurado Laura , Argilés Marc , Quevedo-Junyent Lluïsa , Mestre Clara , Levi Dennis M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether viewing an immersive 3D movie with large disparities in a cinema resulted in improved visual acuity (VA), stereoscopic depth perception (ST), and improved eye alignment in residual amblyopic children and children without amblyopia.

Methods

A total of 24 children aged between 5 and 12 years with a history of anisometropic and/or strabismic amblyopia, that had been previously treated and who currently have residual amblyopia (N = 14), and in children with typical development without amblyopia (N = 10) viewed the movie in 3D Sing 2 in a cinema for 110 minutes. Visual acuity, stereoacuity and ocular deviation were assessed before viewing the movie, and three months later. Stereoacuity and ocular deviation were also measured immediately after viewing the movie.

Results

We observed an improvement in visual acuity in the non-dominant (amblyopic) eye 3 months after viewing the movie in the amblyopic group (P<0.001). Stereopsis improved immediately after viewing the movie (P = 0.02), and after 3 months by ≈ 40% (P = 0.01). Moreover, improvements in stereopsis were also observed in children without amblyopia (P = 0.04). No significant changes in ocular deviation were observed in either group.

Conclusions

These pilot results suggest that brief exposure to large disparities by viewing a 3D movie in a cinema can help to improve stereopsis and visual acuity in children aged 5‒12 years with previously treated amblyopia, and provide a rationale for a randomized clinical trial.
Healthcare utilization in Ghana: Insights from the 2017 Ghana Living Standard Survey
Authors: Tuoyire Derek Anamaale , Baatiema Leonard , Dwomoh Duah , Bosomprah Samuel
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The persistence of healthcare utilization disparities in Ghana despite several policy efforts highlights the urgency of understanding its determinants to enhance equitable health access. We sought to examine the determinants of healthcare utilization in Ghana.

Methods

We used the 2017 Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) data. This was a cross-sectional design, which employed a stratified two-stage random sampling technique. We analyzed data involving 8,298 respondents with information on visits to healthcare facilities for services on account of illness or injury two weeks prior to the survey. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to assess the distribution of healthcare utilization across background characteristics. Further, we used multivariable Poisson regression model with robust standard error to identify factors independently associated with healthcare utilization.

Results

Among the 8,298, the median age was 24 years (interquartile range = 7–47), 45% were males, and 45% had no education. About 42% of respondents utilized health services during an episode of illness or injury. Age, sex, educational level, marital status, wealth quintile, health insurance and severity of illness/injury were independently associated with healthcare utilization. Healthcare utilization increased significantly with wealth quintiles—those in the highest wealth quintiles had about 22% increased utilization compared to those in the lowest wealth quintiles (aPR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.13–1.32) while it was about 77% higher among those who had valid health insurance compared to those without (aPR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.68–1.86). Regarding severity of illness or injury, those with severe conditions were about 65% more likely to utilize healthcare services compared to those with acute conditions (aPR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.53–1.78).

Conclusion

Our study underscores the importance of socio-economic factors and health insurance in healthcare utilization in Ghana. Addressing these can pave the way for more equitable access to healthcare services across all segments of the population.
Food for the Brain: Is Vegan/Vegetarian Diet the Way to Go for Hepatic Encephalopathy?
Authors: Labenz Christian , Tapper Elliot B.
Published: June 2024

High-protein diet is the cornerstone of supportive care for patients living with hepatic encephalopathy. Although any protein source is better than protein restriction, there is uncertainty regarding the benefits of specific protein types. Using a randomized trial, Badal et al. evaluate the effect on ammonia levels and metabolomics from 3 protein sources in burgers made from beef, vegan products, and vegetarian products. The vegan and vegetarian burgers did not raise ammonia and may result in favorable metabolomic profiles.
The Effect of Training on an Ageing Workforce’s Attitude to Digital Transformation of a Communications Company
Authors: Piyarlall Sunil
Published: June 2024

The rapid pace of technological change has significant implications for the modern workforce, particularly for organizations with an aging employee population. This study sought to explore the notion that a workforce nearing retirement are not interested in technology intensive training. The study employed a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 13 purposively selected participants who were employees aged 55 or older in a large communications company in South Africa company. In terms of its findings, participants aged 55 and above with extensive tenure in communications companies, emphasized that aging goes beyond chronological age, reflecting a mind-set towards learning and adaptation. Contrary to stereotypes, older employees expressed a desire for technology training, but organizational barriers hindered access to such opportunities. Limited exposure to emerging technologies and discontinuation of training impedes digital transformation efforts. The study challenges misconceptions that older employees do not want to learn, revealing organizational barriers to technology training. Recommendations include providing technology training for older employees and ensuring continuous exposure to emerging technologies. The study underscores the importance of addressing age-related barriers to foster digital innovation and organizational growth in communications companies.
Strategic Resilience and Competitive Edge in Durban's Healthcare: Navigating Through Pandemic Disruptions
Authors: Moodley Judy , Akbar Khalida
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the strategic response of Durban's healthcare industry to the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the development of innovative strategies that could provide a competitive advantage. Through a robust mixed-methods approach combining literature review and empirical analysis, the research identifies key adaptive strategies employed by healthcare organisations, such as strategic partnerships, digital transformation, and supply chain resilience. The findings reveal the critical role of agile strategic planning in navigating the unprecedented challenges posed by the pandemic, contributing to the body of knowledge by demonstrating the practical application of strategic management theories in crisis conditions. This study underscores the importance of flexibility, innovation, and stakeholder collaboration in crafting strategies that not only address immediate challenges but also position organizations for post-crisis resilience and growth.
Leadership Engagement and Perceptions of Sustainability Initiatives Within a South African JSE Listed Retailer
Authors: Bellaram Amith , Hoque Muhammad
Published: June 2024

The contemporary business landscape is witnessing an escalating demand for sustainable practices as organizations globally grapple with environmental and social challenges. Within the South African context, particularly for Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Listed Retailers, the imperative to incorporate sustainability initiatives into business operations is evident. Despite growing awareness, there remains a gap in our understanding of the specific dynamics and challenges involved in the implementation of sustainability initiatives within this sector. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore Sustainability Initiatives within a South African JSE Listed Retailer by the management. This was a qualitative study conducted among 10 managers who were selected purposefully and data were collected using in-depth interviews. Data were transcribed and thematically analysed using NVIVO software. The results underscore the critical significance of leadership involvement in shaping the attitudes and conduct of employees with regard to sustainability. Leadership that proactively promotes and incorporates sustainability principles into its core values fosters the development of a favourable organisational culture. Consequently, this strengthens the commitment, motivation, and buy-in of employees towards sustainability initiatives. Furthermore, the research highlights obstacles that could hinder the effective execution of sustainability practices, including ignorance and resistance to change. The research findings have broader implications than the retailer being studied. They provide valuable insights for organisations worldwide that are attempting to incorporate sustainability into their operations. In a time when organisations are under greater scrutiny to tackle environmental and social issues, it is vital to comprehend the interplay between leadership engagement and employee perceptions in order to cultivate a corporate culture that is both sustainable and accountable.
Application of the Game Scrabble to Improve English Vocabulary in Early Children
Authors: Nopriansyah Untung , Permata Hati Intan , Rafitasari Hesti
Published: June 2024

The Kindergarten Assalam 1 Sukarame Bandar Lampung faces the issue of low English vocabulary skills. To address this, Scrabble was introduced as a game-based learning tool to enhance their English language skills. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The study was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of four meetings. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings showed that Scrabble effectively facilitated English learning in early childhood, creating a lively and engaging learning environment while stimulating various learning opportunities. Initial observations indicated that the children's vocabulary skills were below the expected standards. However, after the first cycle, their skills improved to the "Starting to Develop" category. By the end of the second cycle, their vocabulary skills had further increased to the "Developing According to Expectations" (BSH) category. In conclusion, the use of Scrabble significantly improves English vocabulary skills in early childhood at Kindergarten Assalam 1 Sukarame Bandar Lampung.
Keywords: Early childhood; English; vocabulary; game; Scrabble.
Implementation of A Role-Playing Central Learning Model in the Formation of Children's Character at the Age of 4-5 Years
Authors: Wahyuni Ayu , Musayyadah
Published: June 2024

The role play center model provides a stimulating environment for children to learn through play. In this research, the children observed were students at the Al-Azhar Kowel Pamekasan Kindergarten. This research aims to describe the process of implementing the role-playing center learning model as an effort to shape character, moral values to strengthen children's character. Knowing the results of implementing the role-playing center learning model in forming children's character and describing the supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing the learning model in character-building in play groups. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. With data collection methods using observation, interviews and documentation. The interview subjects in this research were three or two teachers who were interviewed by the researcher . Based on the consideration that the implementation of the role-playing learning model in character formation involves various aspects which must be explored in depth and comprehensively in this research. The results of the research show that the implementation of the role-playing center learning model in character building play groups at PAUD Al-Azhar Kowel Pamekasan begins with 1) The teacher gathers the children first, 2) The teacher explains the rules of play to the children, 3) explains the theme and sub-theme of role playing with children, 4) dividing roles among children according to the topic, 5) children can carry out role playing activities, 6) the teacher supervises children when role playing activities are carried out.
Keywords : central learning, character formation, early childhood
The Evaluation of Kurikulum Merdeka with Context Input Process Product (CIPP) Model
Authors: Fitri Zayyana Zahrotul , Sukiman Sukiman , Nurusshoimah Nurusshoimah
Published: June 2024

Structured curriculum evaluation is part of advancing education in a country. Because of its efforts, it can improve the curriculum in the development stage as well as those that have been implemented. Thus making education in the country more prepared in the future. The purpose of this study is to determine the readiness of the implementation of a kurikulum merdeka in terms of context, input, process, and obstacles in its implementation. The method used is a qualitative method with research subjects in the form of teachers and students. Data collection techniques through curriculum documents, photos of activities, and questionnaire data of TK Plus An-Nur Peterongan. Analysis techniques by sorting data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research from the aspects of context, input, and process show that TK Plus An-Nur Peterongan is overall ready to implement a kurikulum merdeka with an independent category of change. This is evidenced by the results of the analysis of school needs to achieve educational goals, locally charged learning activities, strengthening the Pancasila student profile project, literacy, STEAM, ethical values, and identity through the intracurricular and extracurricular learning process and cooperation with the community environment. The obstacles to the implementation of the kurikulum merdeka found in the evaluation of the CIPP model seen from the input aspect are the quality of teachers who are not from the Kindergarten department and learning resources or media that are not fulfilled for the introduction of numerical literacy. This research contributes in the form of understanding and advice to teachers that evaluating the curriculum used by schools with the CIPP model can determine the readiness of the school or an obstacle in implementing the curriculum.
Effizientere Regionalplanung durch das Raumordnungsverfahren?
Authors: Schubert Markus
Published: June 2024

Das Raumordnungsverfahren (ROV) wird auch neben vorhandenen Regionalplänen von großer Bedeutung bleiben, nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil sich mit diesem bewährten und flexiblen Instrument Schwächen im gültigen System der Raumordnung und Landesplanung teilweise ausgleichen lassen. Allerdings steckt in einer intensiven Anwendung dieses Verfahrens, wie sie insbesondere in Bayern üblich ist, wo sich das Instrument in der Praxis von den Plänen und Programmen teilweise verselbständigt hat, durchaus auch die Gefahr einer Beeinträchtigung der Regionalplanung. Diese Beeinträchtigung beruht weniger auf der in der Literatur immer wieder warnend hervorgehobenen Antinomie der Instrumente Planung als Gesamtschau und ROV als Einzelfallabstimmung. Das Problem ist vielmehr die verwaltungsorganisatorische Trennung dieser beiden Instrumente, wie sie mehr oder weniger in allen Bundesländern üblich ist, die das ROV anwenden. Dadurch wird die Institution Regionalplanung bzw. Regionaler Planungsverband gezwungen, Entscheidungsbefugnisse an die mit der Durchführung des ROV betrauten Landesplanungsbehörden abzugeben. Um die weitgehend unbestrittenen Vorzüge des ROV weiterhin oder (durch Fortentwicklung des Instruments) zunehmend ausnutzen zu können, ohne daß dies – wie bisher – auf Kosten der Institution Regionalplanung geht, sollte dieses Instrument in die Hände der Regionalen Planungsverbände bzw. der sonst für die Regionalplanung zuständigen Stellen gelegt werden. Damit würde die Regionalplanung als Institution vorteilhaft gestärkt und der in letzter Zeit zunehmend laut gewordenen Forderung Rechnung getragen, die Raumordnungspolitik insgesamt zu dezentralisieren.
Co-occurrence of two invasive plants in a tropical savanna ecosystem: a top priority for management
Authors: Akomolafe Gbenga Festus , Rusly Rosazlina
Published: June 2024

In this study, we assessed the co-occurrence influence of Hyptis suaveolens and Urena lobata on native plant species and soil properties in a guinea savanna vegetation in Nigeria. We sampled 120 plots of 10 × 10 m2 with 30 plots each in sites invaded by H. suaveolens, U. lobata, mixed site and in sites with none of the species (control). A sparse partial least square discriminant analysis was used to assess the effect of invasive plant treatments on the plant diversity and soil properties, whereas the relationships between the soil properties, plant diversity and invasive species treatments were assessed using the canonical correspondence analysis. The indices of diversity of the control were significantly higher than all the other treatments (p < 0.001) with the mixed site having the lowest. There were significant differences in phosphorus, calcium, aluminium, soil alkalinity and diversity indices among the treatments. The results also indicated that the diversity indices and some soil properties were negatively associated with the mixed site. The negative impacts on the native diversity and change in the soil properties caused by the co-invasion of these two plants are more additive than non-additive. Therefore, priority should be placed on the management of co-invaded sites.
Effects of urbanization and Kaniv Reservoir on the thermal characteristics in the region
Authors: Pikl Miroslav , Brovkina Olga , Zemek František , Ladyka Maryna , Starodubtsev Vladimir
Published: June 2024

This study contributes to understanding the effects of urbanization and a large body of water, Kaniv Reservoir, on thermal characteristics in the region. This was done by recording trends in air and surface temperatures in the growing seasons in the period 1985–2022. Specifically, the study’s objectives were to 1) detect and quantify changes in built-up areas using Landsat satellite data, and 2) analyse trends in land surface temperature (LST) in several shoreland zones of the reservoir with different land covers. To identify built-up areas, Landsat data was processed. LST was calculated using Google Earth Engine for the period studied for three shoreland zones and six types of land cover, including sites with substantial, partial and no change in land use. The built-up area increased unevenly over time and differently in each of the shoreland zones. The growth in built-up area was greatest, increasing by 3.7 times, in a zone close to the city of Kyiv. The highest mean LST values were recorded in the zone that was mainly agricultural. Positive LST trends were recorded throughout the entire period of the study, albeit with different trend slopes in individual months. Statistically significant trends were recorded only in August and September.
Phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and proximate analysis of ZiziphusoxyphyllaEdgew. (Angreziber) from Soon Valley, Salt Range, Pakistan
Authors: Rahim Sarvat , Nargis Javaria , Shah Amin , Nadeem Muhammad , Kabir Muhammad , Shahzad Gulfam , Tahir Tehreem , Zainab Umna , Shah Asif Abbas , Rasul Nuzhat
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research was to investigate the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and proximate composition of ZiziphusoxyphyllaEdgew. (Angreziber) through the use of ethanol and aqueous extracts. The flavonoid concentration of the extracts exhibited significant variation as a result of employing 2 distinct extraction methods, specifically sun-drying and shade-drying. Shade-dried aqueous extracts of leaves yielded the highest TPC of 599±1.00 mg/100g GAE (where GAE stands for Gallic acid equivalent), while shade-dried ethanol extracts of leaves exhibited a minimum value of TPC 281±1.00 mg/100g GAE. In leaves,the highest flavonoid content was observed in sun-dried ethanol extracts at 496.296±3.70 mg/100g CE (where CE stands for catechin equivalent), while the minimum was observed in shade-dried aqueous extracts at 159.259 ±48.15 mg/100g CE. Sun-dried ethanol extract 3711.35 ± 2.70 µg/100g AAE (where AAE stands for ascorbic acid equivalent) exhibits a higher level of antioxidants as compared to shade-dried aqueous extracts valued at 462.70 ± 2.70 µg/100g AAE. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of fruit yielded 758.000 mg/100g GAE and 739.333 mg/100g GAE respectively. At the same time, aqueous and ethanol extracts of fruit yielded 405.045 µg/100g AAE and 329.369 µg/100g AAE antioxidants respectively. Proximate analysis of Z. oxyphylla fruit yielded the following results: Moisture 11.9333±0.0208%, fat 8.2466± 0.02081% fiber 5.03 ± 0.02%, ash 5.6666± 0.1527%, protein 2.0366± 0.0152% and NFE (Nitrogen-Free Extract) 79.233 ± 0.02081%. The results obtained from this study, which focused on the total phenolic contents and proximate compositions of Z. oxyphylla, can serve as a foundation for further investigations into its antioxidant capabilities also.
Quantitative Method as a Tool in Musicological Interdisciplinary Research of Musical Rhetoric
Authors: Kowal Marianna , Woźniak Monika
Published: June 2024

The choice of research method significantly affects the course of research itself. It is becoming increasingly common to see cases of methods from various fields combined to achieve the required results. This is exemplified by the use of a quantitative method in traditional score analysis to verify premises in the field of music psychology. The article addresses the previous views of tradi- tional musicology on the use of natural methods in the field and presents instances of the usefulness of the quantitative method in music research. In the second part, by referring to musical-rhetorical figures, it is shown how this method can deepen the knowledge of both musical-rhetorical figures and have a valuable contribution to the psychology of music.
Flash Mob Impact on Dissemination and Evaluation of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Vlaeva Ivanka
Published: June 2024

Flash mob is a newly coined practice which is flourishing in urban spaces in the beginning of the 21st century. Its specific form known as art mob is affirmed as a good means for promotion and dissemination of music and dance as well as for demonstration of ideas and advertisements. In this way art mobs receive new content compared with the initial flash mob forms. Due to the new borderless communications and global mobile networks, flash mobbing became a good opportunity for achieving different goals and conveying special messages, but it is also made for commercial use. Thus, different roles and functions of cultural heritage are shown and cultural symbols are presented through flash mob actions. Also, national memory signs are activated through this practice. The research continues my previous studies on the topic. In this survey further questions arise. In what way is cultural heritage shown in flash mob actions? How does it happen in three different Slavic- speaking countries? Which are the chosen music and dance symbols in flash mobs and what do their messages look like? The main focus of my research is flash mob impact on dissemination and evaluation of cultural heritage through various actions.
Pain Characteristics of Parkinson’s Disease Using Validated Arabic Versions of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale and Questionnaire: A Multicenter Egyptian Study
Authors: Shalash Ali , Mohamed Salma R. , Badr Marwa Y. , Elgamal Shimaa , Elaidy Shaimaa A. , Elhamrawy Eman A. , Abdel-Tawab Hayam , Elshebawy Haidy , Abdelraheem Heba Samir , Roushdy Tamer , Bahnasy Wafik S. , Salem Haitham H. , El-Seidy Ehab A. , Shehata Hatem S. , Marouf Hazem , Chaudhuri K. Ray , Hamid Eman ,   on Behalf of the Egyptian Parkinson Research Group
Published: June 2024

Objective Pain is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), with variable characteristics among populations. This multicenter Egyptian study aimed to translate and validate the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) and Questionnaire (KPPQ) into Arabic versions and to investigate the pain characteristics in Egyptian people with PD (PWP).Methods A total of 192 PWP and 100 sex- and age-matched controls were evaluated by the KPPS-Arabic and KPPQ-Arabic. Both tools were assessed for test–retest reliability, floor or ceiling effects, construct validity and convert validity. PWP were also assessed by the Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y), Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS), PD Questionnaire-39, and Non-Motor Fluctuation Assessment (NoMoFA).Results The KPPS-Arabic and KPPQ-Arabic showed inter- and intrarater consistency and high validity, with an acceptable ceiling effect. A total of 188 PWP (97.9%) reported at least 1 type of pain (p < 0.001). The severity and prevalence of all pain domains in the KPPS-Arabic were significantly higher among PWP than among controls (p < 0.001). Fluctuation-related and musculoskeletal pains were the most common (81.3% and 80.7%, respectively). In the PD group, the total and domains of KPPS-Arabic were significantly correlated to the MDS-UPDRS total score and the scores of Parts I, II, III, postural instability gait disorder, axial, and H&Y but not with age or age of onset. The predictors of KPPS-Arabic scores included the total MDS-UPDRS, the part III-OFF, disease duration, the total NMSS, and the NoMoFA scores.Conclusion The current multicenter study provided validated Arabic versions of the KPPS and KPPQ, which exhibited high reliability and validity, and demonstrated a high prevalence and severity of pain within Egyptian PWP and characterized its determinants.