bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of criminal law norms with the blanket dispositions and debatable issues of indirect decriminalization
Authors: Hadzhuk Olena
Published: December 2024

One of the debatable issues in the theory and practice of the application of criminal law norms with the blanket dispositions is the determination of the legal consequences of indirect decriminalization. We are talking about a situation when a criminal offense committed in the past is no longer such, because there have been changes in the legal act to which the criminal law norm with a blanket disposition is referring. At present, it can be asserted that there are three scientific approaches to solving this problem. Representatives of the first approach, which we tentatively called "positivist", believe that the change of legal acts, to which the criminal law norm with a blanket disposition is referring, does not entail the retroactive effect of the criminal statute, since Art. 5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine only provides for changes made to the criminal statute, not to other legal acts. In their opinion, decriminalization does not occur in this way, therefore, the criminal proceedings should continue in the usual way, and the person is subject to criminal liability, inasmuch as his behavior, at the time of the commission, was criminally illegal. The inadmissibility of this approach lies in the fact that a person is subject to criminal liability for an act that is currently not criminally punishable. The second approach (which is based on the distinction between law and statute) is formed by the position of scientists who perceive the criminal statute and the additional normative ground of the criminal-legal qualification as elements of a single system object – the criminal-legal norm. This is giving them grounds to conclude about the possibility of the retroactive effect of the criminal law norm, if the additional normative ground of the criminal law qualification has undergone changes. The controversy of this approach lies in the fact that Art. 5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine formally is providing for the retroactive effect of the criminal statute itself, and not of the criminal law norm. Representatives of the third approach (which is based on taking into account the interbranch relations of criminal law) agree with indirect decriminalization, with the fact that a person should not be subject to criminal liability for behavior that is not criminally illegal at the moment, but the decision in this regard is proposed to be based not on Art. 5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and on part 1 Art. 58 of the Constitution of Ukraine. Taking into account the long debate on indirect decriminalization and the existence of several theoretical approaches to solving the problem of the retroactive effect of statutes and other normative legal acts in the case of the application of criminal law norms with a blanket disposition, it would be appropriate to remove the ambiguity of the issue at the level of criminal statute.
Legal Characteristics of the Methodology for Assessing the Degree of Correction of Convicted Persons
Authors: Denysov Serhii Fedorovych , Zaika Dmytro Yevheniiovych
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to the problem of legal regulation of the process of assessing the degree of correction of convicts, which is an important element of the legal system responsible for maintaining a balance between the possibility of social rehabilitation of a person and the need to ensure public safety. For a long time, the assessment of the degree of correction was carried out on the basis of evaluative concepts such as "honest behavior" and "attitude to work". The lack of clear and understandable criteria called into question the objectivity of decisions, which affected the rights of convicts and created risks of abuse or erroneous decisions.
Recently, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine adopted a new Methodology for determining the degree of correction of convicts. This document is intended to introduce a more transparent evaluation system, based on quantitative and qualitative indicators that could reflect the true motivation and progress of convicts in the process of serving their sentence. However, the analysis of court practice shows the existence of certain problems related to the implementation of this Methodology in practice. In particular, the courts sometimes simultaneously demand from the convicts both compliance with the new criteria and compliance with the traditional concepts of "honest behavior" and "attitude towards work". Separate court decisions illustrate the difficulty of determining a person's actual compliance with the criteria, which, on the one hand, are subjective (for example, attitude to education or participation in self-employed organizations), and on the other hand, are formally defined in the methodology and have limited legal force in comparison with the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
The conclusion of the article is a statement about the importance of introducing objective, clear and predictable criteria into the legal system in order to maintain a balance between the rights of convicts and public safety. The adopted Methodology has significant potential, but it needs further refinement and improvement in accordance with the norms of the Criminal and Criminal Enforcement Codes of Ukraine to ensure its effective implementation in judicial practice.
The concept of insanity and diminished responsibility
Authors: Grodetsky Yurii Vasylovych , Zaytsev Oleksiy Volodymyrovych
Published: December 2024

The concept of insanity and its criteria are considered. It is proved that it is advisable to define the medical criterion of insanity as mental disorders. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the science of criminal law, a separate consideration of the intellectual and volitional signs of insanity is a debatable issue.
The concept of diminished responsibility and its criteria are considered. The author emphasizes the signs of distinction from insanity, and pays attention to the consequences of recognizing a person as partially sane. The current legal positions of the Supreme Court are presented.
Analysis of Various Contexts of Difficulties Experienced by Students in Learning Physics
Authors: Rizaldi Dedi Riyan , Fatimah Ziadatul
Published: December 2024

Physics is a subject that is difficult for students to learn and understand, especially at the high school level. This study identifies various factors contributing to students' difficulties teaching physics. This study used a qualitative method, with the object of research being 90 grade 12 students from five schools in the city of Mataram, namely MA Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela, MAN 1 Mataram, MAN 2 Mataram, SMAN 1 Mataram, and SMAN 3 Mataram. The research data was collected using survey techniques, Google forms, and interview techniques and analyzed descriptively. Based on the research, it was found that almost 62% of students did not like learning physics. The wave and optical material group is the most challenging material for students to learn, with a percentage of 46%. Students ask their peers more frequently, 52%, based on their problem-solving abilities. In contrast, the form of description questions is the least popular question for students in the learning process, with a percentage value of 9%.
Tilt Building (TB) Gun-an Arduino Nano Based Device for Detecting Building Inclination
Authors: Sudarmanto Agus
Published: December 2024

The inclination of a building can be a serious issue that has the potential to be fatal if not addressed correctly from the beginning. The purpose of this research is to design and build the Tilt Building Gun (TB Gun) as a portable device for detecting building inclination that can be easily used anywhere. The research methodology includes literature review, hardware design, software design, testing and data collection, data analysis, and report creation. The test results of ultrasonic sensor 1 for horizontal direction yielded an accuracy value of 99.06% and a relative error of 0.94%. Meanwhile, the testing results of ultrasonic sensor 2, with an additional distance of 13.1 cm (distance between ultrasonic sensor 1 and ultrasonic sensor 2 to the ground surface) for vertical direction, resulted in an accuracy of 96.29% and a relative error of 3.71%. Subsequently, testing the building inclination angle with a horizontal distance of 25 cm for ultrasonic sensor 1 and a vertical distance of 20 cm for ultrasonic sensor 2 yielded an accuracy of 98.86% and a relative error of 1.14%. The building inclination angle data is then displayed on the OLED.
Application of C-PBL (Context and Problem Based Learning) on Temperature and Heat Materials to Transform Students' Mental Models
Authors: Sabarrini Mutiara Aulia , Ramlan Ramalis Taufik , Mustika Sari Ika
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine students' conceptual understanding through the C-PBL (Context- and Problem-Based Learning) learning model. The method used was quasi-experimental with a posttest-only control group design. The population in this study were all class XI students in one of the high schools in Bandung. The sampling technique uses cluster random sampling. The samples used were class XI MIPA 1 as the control class and class XI MIPA 3 as the experimental class. Both classes were given a final test (posttest) after applying the C-PBL model in the experimental class and the discovery learning model in the control class. The research results showed that there were differences in students' conceptual understanding in the experimental class and the control class. Analysis of research results using hypothesis testing of the difference between the experimental and control classes averages using the t-test. The t-test was conducted using Microsoft Excel, and the sig results were obtained. (2– tailed) of 0.00. These results show that the C-PBL model significantly influences the mental physics model.
Ultrasound Acceleration of Milk Fat Separation
Authors: Bliadze Vladimir , Yaryshev Vladislav , Nikolaev Alexander
Published: December 2024

Ultrasonic separation of milk with high-frequency ultrasound (0.4–3 MHz) is a subject of interest for the dairy industry since it separates milk without centrifugal separators. The article introduces the optimal sonication modes for separation of nonhomogenized pasteurized milk.
The research featured non-homogenized pasteurized milk sonicated at 0.88 MHz. The fat content analysis involved an Expert Profi ultrasonic analyzer (NPP Laboratorika, LLC).
The experiments focused on the correlation between the milk fractionation and the processing time. The conditions were as follows: 880 kHz at continuous and pulsed sonication at 10 and 40℃. Both temperatures made it possible to accelerate the fractionation process. At 10℃, the fat content gradient between the upper and lower fractions was non-monotonic at continuous sonication. The pulse sonication (1 min sonication, 1 min exposure) made it possible to achieve a linear dependence. Ten minutes of sonication corresponded to a gradient of 4.74 wt.% after 24 h of refrigeration. The fat content of the original milk was 3.8%. Milk fat melted at 40℃, changing the correlation: the dependence of the fat content gradient on the sonication time became linear, and the separation rate was constant after sonication. To minimize the exposure to high temperatures, the longest separation time was 1 h at room temperature. The fat content gradient equaled 0.90 wt.% with the fat content of the original milk being 2.8%.
In this study, sonication with 880 kHz accelerated the separation of homogenized milk. Pulse sonication was optimal at 10℃ while continuous sonication was most effective at 40℃.
Казнь после казни: власть и тело преступника после смерти в России начала XVIII в.
Authors: Марасинова Елена
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to the relationship between the authorities and the Church regarding the body of a criminal after execution. Such an existential event for society traditionally fell within the realm of religious beliefs and church rituals. At the same time, the death penalty has always undoubtedly been one of the most important channels of social control and a means of intimidating subjects. It was during the first quarter of the eighteenth century, under the rule of Peter I, that church rituals and the dogmas of the Last Judgment gradually began to give way to the demonstration of the state's monopoly on violence. This perspective of the study will allow us to see in the worldview of eighteenth-century Russia not just the traits of a transitional period, but also evidence of a deep transformation in consciousness. The facts of the punishment of the criminal’s body after death have been documented by many researchers of repressive practices, using Russian sources. Historians point to the tradition of burying executed individuals outside the cemetery grounds, in "poor houses” (ubogie doma), in common nameless graves without religious rites. It is well known that after executions, bodies were left on the wheel, nailed to trees and fences, drowned in rivers, thrown into forests or swamps, burned, and the heads of criminals often remained on stakes or pillories "for admonition" to others.[1] This extensive documentary material has rich heuristic potential and requires deep interpretation. In this article, the historical context of the punishment of the criminal's body after execution will be explored based on three high-profile cases: the case of the streltsy colonel Ivan Tsykler and his associates in 1697; the streltsy executions of 1698–1699; and the case of the first governor of Siberia, Prince Matvei Gagarin, in 1721. A comparison of the circumstances and symbolism of these executions will provide new material for understanding the mechanisms of the representation of power during the early Russian Enlightenment. The conclusions of the work are based on investigative cases from the Preobrazhenskii Chancellery (Prikaz), the Secret Chancellery, and the Expedition; visual sources; and descriptions of executions left by contemporaries.
PERFORMANCE-BASED SEISMIC RETROFIT DESIGN FOR RC FRAMES USING FRP COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Güneş Oğuz , Tumer Rasim
Published: December 2024

Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RC) members using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials has become a well-established technique for repairing and strengthening seismically deficient systems. Although there has been significant progress on behavioral modeling of FRP retrofitted RC members as well as on implementation of performance-based analysis and design concepts, the studies investigating the overall seismic behavior of the retrofitted frames are still limited. This paper presents a methodology for performance-based FRP retrofit design for RC frames and provides an analytical investigation of this through numerical studies performed on 2-D frame models with different retrofit configurations. More specifically, frame systems with square or rectangular columns were assumed to be retrofitted through FRP strengthening of beams for improved flexural capacity and/or wrapping of columns for additional confinement and resulting ductility. Nonlinear pushover analyses of frames before and after retrofitting were performed using nonlinear hinge parameters determined from moment-curvature analyses based on comparative use of various steel- and FRP-confined concrete models proposed in the literature. Analysis results reveal the expected contribution of each retrofit configuration to the seismic behavior and performance of the frames, highlighting various design considerations for proper FRP retrofit decisions.
FARKLI BOYUTLARDA FINDIKKABUĞU PARTİKÜL TAKVİYELİ PMMA KOMPOZİTLERİN MEKANİK VE KIRILMA DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ.
Authors: Büyükkaya Kenan , Demirer Halil
Published: December 2024

Tarımsal atıkların kullanımı, çevresel hassasiyetlerin artması ve atıkların ekonomiye kazandırılması gibi duyarlılıklardan dolayı gün geçtikçe yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı atık olarak değerlendirilen fındıkkabuğunun kompozit malzeme üretiminde kullanılabilirliğini araştırmaktır.
Çalışmada, farklı boyutlara (maksimum: 50, 150, 250, 425 µm) ve ağırlıklara (5, 10, 15, 20 ) sahip fındıkkabuğu partikülleri dolgusu ile üretilen kompozit numunelere, ısıl kür işleminden sonra a/W= 0,3 olan başlangıç çentiği açılmıştır. Bu numunelerin mod I kırılma davranışları üç nokta eğme testi yardımı ile belirlenmiştir. Kritik Gerilme Şiddet Faktörü, Başlangıç Çentik Derinliği metodu yardımı ile hesaplanmıştır. Eğilme modülü ve eğilme gerilmeleri üç nokta eğme testi ile darbe dayanımı değerleri de Standart çentikler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir.
Fındıkkabuğu /polimetilmetakrilat kompozitlerin bileşimi ve mikro yapısı Fouirer Transform Infrared Spektrofotometre ve Scanning Electron Microscope çalışmaları ile ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, 0-50 µm boyutlarında fındıkkabuğu partikülleri ile üretilen kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri daha büyük boyutlu kompozitlerden daha yüksektir.
S355J2+N ÇELİĞİNİN KARBÜR TAKIMLA FREZELENMESİNDE KESME PARAMETRELERİNİN YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Ay Emre Berke , Madenci Berat
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, S355J2+N (ST52-3N) çeliğinin farklı kesme parametreleri kullanılarak frezelenmesi işleminde yüzey pürüzlülüklerinin değişimi incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma ile düşük yüzey pürüzlülükleri için ideal kesme parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Soğutma sıvısı kullanılmadan 5 ayrı kesme hızı (90, 105, 120, 135 ve 150 m/dak), diş başına belirlenen 3 ayrı ilerleme hızı (0,08 - 0,12 ve 0,16 mm/diş) ve iki ayrı kesme derinliği(0,5 - 1 mm) değerlerinde frezeleme yöntemiyle talaş kaldırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen kesme değişkenlerinin yüzey pürüzlülük değeri üzerinde yaptığı etkiler araştırılarak en iyi kesme parametreleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yüzey pürüzlülüğündeki en uygun değer 0,5 mm kesme derinliği değerinde, 135 m/dak kesme hızı değerinde, 0,08 mm/diş ilerleme hızında, 0,34 µm olarak gözlemlenmiştir. En kötü yüzey pürüzlülük değeri ise 1 mm kesme derinliği değerinde, 150 m/dak kesme hızında 0,16 mm/diş ilerleme hızı için, 2,99 µm olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Yüzey pürüzlülük değeri kesme hızı değeri yükseldikçe azalmıştır. Fakat ilerleme hızı arttığında ise yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerinde artışların görüldüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Gözlemlenen bu durumun kesici takım aşınmasından kaynaklandığı gözlemlenmiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ASH ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MORTAR SPECIMENS
Authors: Tuncer Mutlu İrem , Başyiğit Celalettin , Davraz Metin
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the rising awareness of environmental protection and the rapid depletion of natural resources have increased the strategic importance of sustainable building materials, especially in the construction sector. Increasing construction trends lead to a noticeable increase in the use of materials. In this context, the environmental impacts of cement production come to the forefront with the amount of energy used in clinker production and the resulting CO2 emissions. Recycling of waste materials can solve the problem of waste storage and reuse of waste materials can form the basis of sustainable construction approaches to reduce energy consumption. This research focuses on the incineration of dewatered sewage sludge into ash and its usability as a building material. In this context, the incinerated sewage sludge ash was ground and used as an additive material at different ratios instead of cement to produce mortar specimens. Flexural and compressive strength tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the sewage sludge ash admixed specimens by comparing them with mortar specimens produced with Class F fly ash on the 7th, 28th and 90th days.
FARKLI KÜR YÖNTEMLERİYLE ÜRETİLEN GEOPOLİMER HARÇLARIN BAZI DURABİLİTE ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ÇİMENTO HARÇLARIYLA KIYASLANMASI
Authors: Gültekin Adil , Ramyar Kambiz
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, mikrodalga kürü ile üretilen uçucu kül, pomza, perlit ve pişirilmiş kil esaslı geopolimer harçların bazı durabilite özellikleri incelenmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar geleneksel etüv kürü ile üretilen serilerle kıyaslanmıştır. Bu kapsamda alkali-silis reaksiyonu direnci, kılcal su emme hızı, aşınma direnci deneyleri yapılmış, ayrıca hamur mikro yapıları taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenerek durabilite-içyapı ilişkisi irdelenmiştir. Geopolimer harçların durabilite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması amacıyla, incelenen harca benzer basınç dayanımına sahip portland çimentolu harçlar üretilmiş ve iki sistemin durabilite konusundaki avantaj ve dezavantajları araştırılmıştır. Geopolimer harçlarda alkali-silis reaksiyonundan kaynaklanan bir genleşme yaşanmadığı ve geopolimer harçların aşınma dirençlerinin, çimento harçları ile kıyaslanabilecek seviyelerde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kılcallık deneyi ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu incelemelerinde elde edilen bulgular, alüminosilikat tipi ve kür yönteminin kılcal su emme hızı üzerinde etkili olduğunu; pomza, perlit ve pişirilmiş kil esaslı geopolimer harçların kılcal yolla hızlı bir şekilde su emebildiklerini, bunun da boşluklu mikro yapıdan kaynaklandığını göstermiştir.
DETERMINATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONE USING AHP BASED ON GIS FOR KONYA, TÜRKİYE
Authors: Baykal Tahsin , Taylan Dilek , Terzi Özlem
Published: December 2024

Groundwater provides most of the freshwater needs such as drinking, irrigation and industry. As a result of increasing population, urbanization and industrialization, groundwater resources are faced with the risk of decreasing and pollution. In addition, exploited usage of irrigation water from groundwater during agricultural activities causes the formation of sinkholes. For this reason, Konya in Türkiye, having a lot of agricultural activities and common sinkhole formations, was chosen as the study area. This research utilized the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a type of multi-criteria decision-making analysis, to assess the groundwater potential in Konya, Türkiye. For this purpose, land use, slope, rainfall, topographic wetness index, drainage density, elevation, plan curvature, profile curvature and stream power index thematic maps were created, and their weights were determined with AHP. Groundwater potential map (GWPM) was produced by overlay analysis in GIS environment. The GWPM was validated by comparing it with the groundwater zones (GWZ) map given in the report of “Konya Closed Basin Management Plan” project. As a result of the validation process, the accuracy value was found to be 0.87.
ÇOK BANDLI UYGULAMALAR İÇİN YÜKSEK PERFORMANSLI MİKROŞERİT ANTEN TASARIMI
Authors: Belen Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, kablosuz iletişim sistemlerinde kullanılan çok bandlı mikroşerit antenlerin tasarımı ve optimizasyonu ele alınmıştır. Çok bandlı antenler, GSM, LTE, Wi-Fi ve 5G gibi farklı ağlar üzerinde çalışabilen, cihazların farklı frekans bandlarına erişimini sağlayan kritik bileşenlerdir. Ancak, bu antenlerin tasarımı, geniş bir frekans aralığında yüksek kazanç sağlarken, anten boyutu ve band genişliği gibi çeşitli parametreleri dengelemeyi gerektiren zorlu bir süreçtir. Bu nedenle, literatürde anten performansını iyileştirmek amacıyla parazitik elemanlar, fraktal yapılar ve metamalzemeler gibi çeşitli yenilikçi yaklaşımlar önerilmiştir. Çalışmada, 3B simülasyon programı kullanılarak özgün bir mikroşerit anten tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiş ve literatürdeki rakip modellerle kıyaslanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, önerilen antenin yüksek elektromanyetik performans karakteristiklerine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Construction & Demolition Waste and Circular Economy: The Case Study of a Brazilian City
Authors: Nunes Kátia R. A. , Mahler Cláudio F.
Published: December 2024

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) is a significant waste stream in Brazil. It represents 38.2% of the total CDW and MSW streams. The recycling of CDW in Brazil is estimated to be at least 7.2% by weight (collected CDW) or about 15% by volume (produced CDW). Therefore, only a tiny part of CDW is returned to construction activities. On the other hand, 48.9% of the total amount of the top fifty extracted minerals in the country is sand and gravel, which is used in the national construction industry. Considering the unexplored recycling potential of CDW, part of the total amount of extracted sand and gravel could be saved. This work aims to present a diagnosis of the management of CDW in Brazil and to estimate the potential contribution to the reduction of raw material consumption through intensive recycling of this waste, using the case study of Rio de Janeiro. Among the results of this research, it was estimated that approximately 10.3% of the natural aggregates consumed could be replaced by recycled aggregates. Furthermore, it was observed that the construction industry still operates in a linear economy and that the management of CDW is largely based on disposal in sanitary landfills, mixed with municipal solid waste, and in backfilling operations. The information and data presented have been gathered from specialized literature and direct contacts with local authorities.
Performance of a Digital Cognitive Assessment in Predicting Dementia Stages Delineated by the Dementia Severity Rating Scale: Retrospective Study
Authors: Huynh Duong , Sun Kevin , Patterson Mary , Hosseini Ghomi Reza , Huang Bin
Published: December 2024

Background

Dementia is characterized by impairments in an individual’s cognitive and functional abilities. Digital cognitive assessments have been shown to be effective in detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia, but whether they can stage the disease remains to be studied.

Objective

In this study, we examined (1) the correlation between scores obtained from BrainCheck standard battery of cognitive assessments (BC-Assess), a digital cognitive assessment, and scores obtained from the Dementia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS), and (2) the accuracy of using the BC-Assess score to predict dementia stage delineated by the DSRS score. We also explored whether BC-Assess can be combined with information from the Katz Index of Independence in activities of daily living (ADL) to obtain enhanced accuracy.

Methods

Retrospective analysis was performed on a BrainCheck dataset containing 1751 patients with dementia with different cognitive and functional assessments completed for cognitive care planning, including the DSRS, the ADL, and the BC-Assess. The patients were staged according to their DSRS total score (DSRS-TS): 982 mild (DSRS-TS 10‐18), 656 moderate (DSRS-TS 19-26), and 113 severe (DSRS-TS 37-54) patients. Pearson correlation was used to assess the associations between BC-Assess overall score (BC-OS), ADL total score (ADL-TS), and DSRS-TS. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the possibility of using patients’ BC-OS and ADL-TS to predict their stage.

Results

We found moderate Pearson correlations between DSRS-TS and BC-OS (r=−0.53), between DSRS-TS and ADL-TS (r=−0.55), and a weak correlation between BC-OS and ADL-TS (r=0.37). Both BC-OS and ADL-TS significantly decreased with increasing severity. BC-OS demonstrated to be a good predictor of dementia stages, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) of classification using logistic regression ranging from .733 to .917. When BC-Assess was combined with ADL, higher prediction accuracies were achieved, with an ROC-AUC ranging from 0.786 to 0.961.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that BC-Assess could serve as an effective alternative tool to DSRS for grading dementia severity, particularly in cases where DSRS, or other global assessments, may be challenging to obtain due to logistical and time constraints.
A Study on the Chemical Oxygen Iodine Lasers
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: An example of a near-infrared chemical laser is a chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL). The beam is invisible to the
human eye since it is infrared. In continuous mode, its output power can scale up to megawatts. Its output wavelength is 1315
nm, which equals atomic iodine's transition wavelength.[23] The Air Force Research Laboratory created the chemical oxygen
iodine laser (COIL), an infrared chemical laser, in 1977 mainly for military use. The laser's output power can be up to
megawatts when operating in continuous mode. [22]
A Review on the Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Solid-state lasers frequently employ neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) as a lasing medium. J. E.
Geusic et al originally explained the laser operation of Nd:YAG at Bell Laboratories in 1964. In order to create Nd:YAG, triply
ionized neodymium is used as a dopant to replace a little amount of yttrium ions in the YAG crystal structure. Because they are
the same size, the ions are swapped out. In the Nd:YAG crystal, the neodymium ion serves as the lasing medium.[22]
A Study on the Neon Copper Laser
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: It is well known that deep ultraviolet wavelengths can be produced using neon copper lasers. This laser has a
wavelength of 248 nm. Another notable characteristic of this laser is its small oscillation line widths with less than 3GHz.
Raman spectroscopy with fluorescence suppression works best with such narrow oscillations. The pumping source is electric
discharge. Copper vapor in neon gas serves as the buffer for the lasing medium. [22]
Eggshell Waste to Wonder: A Novel Approach to Sustainable Cementitious Materials
Authors: Shah Suehail Aijaz , Bhat Arooba Rafiq
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Eggshells, a widely available byproduct of food consumption, are generated in vast quantities globally, with significant
waste accumulation in domestic and industrial settings. Despite their high calcium carbonate content, eggshells are often
discarded, leading to environmental concerns such as landfill congestion and methane emissions. This study explores the
potential of repurposing powdered eggshells as a partial replacement for cement in concrete production, addressing both waste
management challenges and the sustainability of cement manufacturing. In this experimental investigation, cement was
replaced by eggshell powder in varying proportions of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Concrete mixes were prepared, and the
resulting properties, including mechanical strength and durability, were evaluated. The results showed that the mix with 10%
eggshell powder replacement exhibited the best performance, demonstrating optimal mechanical strength and durability. This
study underscores the feasibility of utilizing eggshells as a sustainable alternative material in concrete, contributing to circular
economy practices. By reducing reliance on mined limestone and decreasing carbon emissions associated with traditional
cement production, the use of eggshells offers an eco-friendly solution to both waste management and industrial sustainability.
The findings support the growing recognition of eggshells as a recyclable resource in various industries, including construction,
and highlight their potential to reduce waste accumulation while promoting sustainable development.
Absentee Land Ownership: Problem or Solution for Indonesia Farmers
Authors: Perkasa Surya rimba , Koeswahyono Imam , Masykur Mohammad Hamidi
Published: December 2024

Food Resilience is a critical aspect of national sustainability programs. Indonesia has a large and diverse population necessitates prioritizing food resilience as a primary focus of government programs. Food security can be achieved by empowering the predominantly farming population of Indonesia. In this regard, the government can utilize Absentee Land to achieve food resilience goals and improve the welfare of farmers. However, the utilization of Absentee Land is hindered by regulations restricting land ownership to civil servants. These regulations pose a significant obstacle to farmers who seek to engage in or expand agricultural endeavors. The conflicts arising from these regulations constitute the most substantial barrier to farmers' efforts to realize food resilience programs in Indonesia. This research uses a normative legal research method, focusing on the Absentee Land through statutory and case approaches. The results of this research indicate that regulations regarding Absentee Land has no longer relevant given the current state of affairs, as they impede the maximization of food resilience, particularly for farmers in the agricultural sector.
Abstrak
Ketahanan pangan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam program keberlangsungan bangsa. Populasi besar dan sangat beragam yang ada di Indonesia menjadikan ketahanan pangan ini harus menjadi prioritas utama dalam program pemerintah. Ketahanan pangan ini dapat diterapkan dengan cara memberdayakan masyarakat Indonesia yang kebanyakan berprofesi sebagai petani. Dalam hal ini pemerintah bisa memanfaatkan Tanah Absentee dalam mencapai tujuan ketahanan pangan dan dapat mensejahterakan petani. Namun dalam pemanfaatan tanah Absentee ini masih terhalang oleh peraturan yang menghambat kepemilikan tanah Absentee untuk para petani. Adanya peraturan tentang kepemilikan tanah Absentee yang hanya dapat dimiliki oleh Pegawai Negeri Sipil menjadi halangan bagi petani yang akan menjalankan atau mengembangkan usaha dalam pertanian. Konflik dalam peraturan kepemilikan tanah Absentee ini adalah hambatan terbesar dalam usaha petani mewujudkan program ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan peneltian hukum normatif, dimana dalam studi ini akan menggali penelitian dari tanah Absentee dengan menggunakan pendekatan Perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa peraturan yang mengatur tentang tanah Absentee ini sudah tidak relevan diterapkan dengan keadaan saat ini karena ketahanan pangan sektor pertanian khususnya bagi petani tidak dapat dimaksimalkan.
Fostering entrepreneurial spirit: Elevating attitudes through local wisdom-infused project-based learning
Authors: Hanafi Imam , Marzuki M. , Khikmah Nur , Nugroho Indro
Published: December 2024

Students often complete assignments just to fulfill their obligations, so project-based learning with an entrepreneurial orientation is expected to produce products with more market value. The purpose of this study was to improve students' entrepreneurial attitudes after implementing project-based learning on ecology material. This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 48 students selected through purposive sampling technique were divided into experimental and control groups. The data collection instruments used were concept mastery tests, questionnaires, observations, and documentation while data analysis used descriptive analysis and mean difference tests. The results of the analysis showed that there was an increase in students' local wisdom-based entrepreneurial attitudes through the application of project-based learning models on Ecology material. Therefore, educators and curriculum developers adopt an approach that not only improves academic outcomes but also fosters entrepreneurial skills that are important for students' future success.
Implementing of science literacy guidelines for primary school teacher students
Authors: Utami Ima Wahyu Putri , Wijayaningputri Arinta Rezty , Fazlyn Nor Hazlina
Published: December 2024

Science literacy is an individual's ability to understand, use, and communicate concepts and critical-thinking in a scientific context. Primary school teacher students plays an important role in shaping strong understanding and effective on science literacy skills among elementary school students. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach. It utilizes both qualitative and quantitative data. The study focuses on the process of data collection and supporting elements of the research obyek. Data collection techniques in this research include in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. The results of this study are a description of the implementation of the implementation of science literacy guidelines that have been effective in helping students understand the material, especially the solar system. The science literacy guide has undergone several revisions and has subsequently made it to the ISBN submission stage. In addition, learning objectives have also been maximally achieved with various activities during the implementation of science literacy books. It can be seen from the results of student work on the students’ worsheet, each group has answered the questions correctly. In addition, the posters that have been made show that the posters are appropriate according to the material that has been studied related to the solar system. While the essays have also been in accordance with the reading material. The implementation of science literacy guidelines can assist the students in acquiring their knowledge, skills, and strategies needes to effectively teach science in elementary schools.
Creative and adaptive sports learning model to increase participation of students with special needs
Authors: Saputra Setiya Yunus , Fantiro Frendy Aru , Herviani Vivi Kurnia , Muzakki Abdurrohman , Akbar Reza Fauzan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of a creative and adaptive sports learning model in increasing the participation of students with special needs. The study used an experimental quantitative approach involving 30 students with special needs in an inclusive elementary school. Data were collected through participant observation, structured interviews with teachers and therapists, and questionnaires to parents, after which the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Descriptive statistical analysis showed an average student participation of 86.94 after the implementation of the learning model, which showed a significant increase. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test inferential test also showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between student participation before and after the implementation of the model. The results of interviews with parents revealed a positive impact not only on the physical aspects, but also the social and emotional aspects of their children. Adjustments to equipment, environment, and sports methods allowed students with special needs to be more actively involved in physical activities. These findings support the principles of inclusive education and indicate that the creative and adaptive learning model is effective in creating an inclusive learning environment. This study recommends the implementation of the model in other inclusive schools to increase the participation of students with special needs and support their holistic development.
Theatre-based social-emotional learning program to foster friendship quality in elementary school students
Authors: Zakaria Fahmi , Setyowati Ninik , Chusniyah Tutut
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on the importance of friendship quality in children's social and emotional  development, with a particular focus on primary school-aged children. The purpose of this study is to address the problem by developing a theatre-based learning module with the aim to improve friendship quality among primary school students as well as to determine the effectiveness of the module in improving friendship quality. This research methodology uses a research and development approach using the ADDIE model design. The results showed the study validated the module, achieving a high validity score of 89.94%. The Paired Samples Test revealed a significant improvement in friendship quality, with a mean score increase of -7.815 and a t-value of -3.036 (df = 26, p < 0.05). then it can be stated if the theatre-based SEL based theater programme had a significant impact on students' friendship quality. Theatre-based SEL programmes can facilitate students' understanding of emotions, enhance their ability to empathise, and encourage the development of stronger relationships. Therefore, the theatre-based module proved to be an effective approach in improving students' friendship quality.
Meta Analiz Metodolojisi ve Universal Adezivlerin Klinik Performansı Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: Uğurlu Muhittin , Orhan Hikmet
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Meta analizi, aynı konu hakkında yapılmış olan araştırma sonuçlarını birleştirerek genel bir sonuca ulaşmayı sağlayan istatistiksel bir yöntemdir. Diş hekimliğinde universal adezivler etch&rinse ve self-etch olmak üzere iki farklı şekilde kullanılabilmektedir. Ancak hangi uygulama tekniğinde universal adezivlerin daha başarılı olduğu ile ilgili kesin sonuçlar yoktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, meta analizi kavramı hakkında bilgi verip, universal adezivlerin klinik performansı üzerine bir uygulama yapmaktır.
Materyal ve Metot: Universal adezivlerin klinik performanslarını modifiye USPHS kriterleri ile değerlendiren 15 çalışma dahil etme ve dışlanma kriterlerine göre materyal olarak seçildi. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS 29.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapıldı. Çalışmalar arasında yayın yanlılığı olup olmadığını test etmek için Egger regresyon yöntemi kullanıldı ve Huni grafiği çizdirilerek inceleme yapıldı. Çalışmalar arasında heterojenlik olup olmadığı Cohran’ın Q testi ve I2 istatistikleri ile değerlendirildi. Çalışmalar arasında heterojenlik bulunmadığı için genel etki büyüklüğü hesaplamalarında sabit etki modeli yöntemi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Meta analize dahil edilen çalışmalar arasında yayın yanlılığı olmadığı belirlendi (p>0,05). Çalışmalar arasında heterojenlik tespit edilmedi (p>0,05). Çalışmaların meta analizi sonucu ortalama etki büyüklüğü marjinal renklenme için 0,136 (p=0,790); marjinal adaptasyon için 0,027 (p=0,958); retansiyon için 0,927 (p=0,009); kırık için 0,091 (p=0,856); hassasiyet için 0,204 (p=0,689); çürük için 0,127 (p=0,803) olarak bulundu.
Sonuç: Universal adezivlerin etch&rinse ve self-etch uygulama modunda kullanılması arasında marjinal renklenme, marjinal adaptasyon, kırık, hassasiyet ve çürük kriterine göre bir farkın olmadığı ancak, retansiyon kriterine göre bir farkın olduğu söylenebilir.
Afete Hazırlık Perspektifinden Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik Sağlamlık, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Afete Müdahale Öz Yeterlik Düzeylerinin İlişkisi
Authors: Bulut Selver , Şen Gülhan , Şimşek Arslan Buket
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Çalışma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinde psikolojik sağlamlık, fiziksel aktivite ve afete müdahale öz yeterlik düzeylerinin ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma Hemşirelik Bölümü lisans 3. ve 4. sınıflarında öğrenim gören 152 öğrenci üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak bireysel özellikler veri formu, Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Form (UFAA) ve Afete Müdahale ÖZ-Yeterlik Ölçeği (AMÖYÖ) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan olguların %73’ü kadın ve %27’si erkektir. Olguların yaş ortalaması 22.46±3.901 (min-maks:21-26 yıl) yıl olarak belirlenmiştir. Olguların toplam fiziksel aktivite skorunu 2224.74±2560.249 MET-dk/hafta, KPSÖ’nin toplam puanı ortalaması 17.38±4.96, AMYÖ’nin toplam puanı ortalaması ise 57.73±13.87 olarak belirlenmiştir. Psikolojik sağlamlık ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasında (r=0.203, p<0.05) ve psikolojik sağlamlık ile afete müdahale öz-yeterlik arasında (r=0.196, p<0.05) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişkiler saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Ulusal ve yerel düzeyde afetlerle mücadelede hemşirelerin ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin afetlere müdahale öz-yeterlikleri ile psikolojik sağlamlık ve fiziksel aktivitelerini geliştirmeye yönelik uygun hazırlık yapılması önemlidir.
Feature Extraction Using Hybrid Approach of VGG19 and GLCM For Optimized Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: SHARMA Mamta , BENIWAL Sunita
Published: December 2024

A brain tumor is among the illnesses that are fatal. This is the rationale behind the significance of early disease detection. Intelligent techniques are always needed to assist researchers and medical professionals in diagnosing tumors. Today's doctors employ a variety of approaches to identify the illness. The most popular technique involves getting an MRI of the brain and analyzing it to look for specific diseases. However, manually evaluating the MRI pictures is quite complex and time-consuming. As a result, attempts are made to discover novel methods for cutting down on the prediction time. Deep learning algorithms assist researchers in spotting brain tumor. Many deep learning methods are employed, including CNN, RNN, LSTM, and others. There are benefits and drawbacks related to these methods. One of the most widely utilized methods for categorization is CNN. It's critical to identify the best features while classifying the tumor. Resnet, AlexNet, VGGNet, and DenseNet are some of the feature extraction methods employed. In this research, we proposed a method that extracts unique and high-quality features using a hybrid approach of VGG19 and GLCM. CNN is then used to classify the resulting images. The suggested method's performance evaluation metrics—specificity, sensitivity, ROC, accuracy, and loss—are examined. The method yields a 0.98 accuracy. The algorithm's sensitivity and specificity are 0.97 and 0.99, respectively. The performance of the suggested model is examined by contrasting it with the methods currently in use.
The Role of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Çakmak Selcen
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and in particular the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) method will be examined. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a condition consisting of disturbing mental obsessions in which the person is excessively worried or unwanted thoughts or impulses are constantly repeated, and compulsions, which are repetitive behaviours to eliminate these obsessions. Compulsions manifest themselves as behaviours such as repeating certain rules, patterns or rituals, checking or cleaning a certain number of times. Individuals with OCD experience serious problems in their daily lives because of these thoughts and behaviours. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on the person's inner experiences as part of the cognitive behavioural therapy approach. ACT aims to help the person to accept disturbing thoughts, feelings and physical sensations quietly and with understanding, and to cope with them in a more flexible way. Research shows that ACT is effective in reducing OCD symptoms and is therefore considered as an effective therapy option in the treatment of OCD. Furthermore, it should focus on how the integration and combination of ACT with other treatment modalities can benefit in the field of OCD treatment. In this way, more effective and personalised methods can be developed in the treatment of OCD patients.
‘Made in India’: Heritage Diplomacy and the Infrastructure of Buddhist Memory
Authors: Geary David
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, Buddhist sacred sites in India have become entangled in various soft power initiatives that have important religious and geopolitical im- plications in the early twenty-first century. Drawing on the concept of heritage diplomacy, this paper examines the geopolitics of Buddhism in contemporary India and how the infrastructure of Buddhist memory is central to development processes and civilisational discourses around Asia as an interlinked historical and geographic formation. In particular, it will examine different spheres of heritage influence in the Indian subcontinent and how they figure into state ideological interests and existing regional diplomatic ties, which includes building trade networks, financial aid and other strategic alliances designed to strengthen India’s image and standing in the region.