bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of prognostic matrices for assessing the degree of risk of physical development disorders of students of higher educational institutions.
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazova E. N. , Gureev S. A. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazov R. N. ,   Research Institute for Healthcare and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: November 2023

The most significant medical and social factors served as the basis for the development of appropriate prognostic matrices in order to obtain objective and comparable indicators of the prevalence of signs, in this case, the development of deficiency or excess body weight among students. The presented tables indicate risk factors that may affect the level of a quantitatively predicted phenomenon, through the gradation of the significance of relative risk factors. These prognostic matrices allow us to assess the impact of biomedical, socio-hygienic, behavioral factors on the formation of disorders in the health of students, including physical development in a pandemic, provide an individual approach, are the basis for a program of medical and social prevention of violations in the physical development of students at the personal and collective levels.
Investigations on piezo actuator-based nonresonant type workpiece vibratory system for vibration-assisted micro-milling
Authors: Prabhu Prasad , Rao Muralidhara
Published: November 2023

Vibration-assisted micro-milling has emerged as a promising technique in Vibration Assisted Machining, aiming to enhance machining quality by applying small-amplitude high-frequency vibrations to the workpiece during micro-milling operations. This paper presents a novel design of a piezo actuator-based non-resonant type workpiece vibratory system specifically designed for 2-D vibration-assisted micro-milling application. The developed system is experimentally evaluated by generating 2D vibrations, considering each axis's cross-coupling and hysteresis displacements, at various actuation frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 600 Hz. The application of the proposed setup focuses on the micro-milling of slots on an aluminium 6061 workpiece sample, utilizing 2D sinusoidal out-of-phase vibrations along x and y directions with a peak-to-valley amplitude of 10 µm. The cutting force data is collected and recorded by a tool force dynamometer, and the root mean square value of the cutting force is used as a parameter to compare conventional micro-milling with vibration-assisted micro-milling processes. In addition, the study compares the average surface roughness of the milled slots when using vibration assistance and without it. The experimental results demonstrate a significant decrease in cutting force and an improvement in the average surface roughness of the milled slot when implementing 2-D vibration-assisted micro-milling. These findings highlight the significance of the design, characterization, applicability, and suitability of the proposed non-resonant workpiece vibratory system in the field of vibration-assisted micro-milling process.
Identifying Neotectonic Motions in Germany Using Discontinuity-corrected GNSS Data
Authors: Le Nhung , Männel Benjamin , Bui Luyen K. , Schuh Harald
Published: November 2023

The crustal motions throughout Germany have not yet been fully understood because the research scope of previous studies often focuses only on some active grabens. Thus, we investigate it in detail to identify the neotectonic motion characteristics and specific deformation-ongoing regions. High accuracy for monitoring and data analyses is required because the expected crustal deformation in Germany is small. For this reason, we use high-precision GNSS time series processing techniques and interdisciplinary data to reflect actual motions and determine the causes of deformation. Also, an advanced technique of discontinuity correction is introduced to unify the fragments of the GNSS coordinate time series for better velocity field reliability. Our findings show that the crustal motions in Germany tend to increase at a maximum speed of +1.0 mm/yr. Meanwhile, local subsidence of around -0.8 mm/yr is concentrated in the river basins (e.g., the Rhine, Ems, Elbe, Northern Oder, and Danube) and extensive mining regions. The Earth's crust here also behaves with noticeable compressions. The intra-plate motion in Germany is ~0.8 mm/yr. A special region with an extension rate of +4.3 nstrain/yr is observed along the North-South trending Regensburg-Leipzig-Rostock shear zone. Machine Learning clusters the 3D plate velocity field in Germany into three distinct regions with increasing speeds: Northwest, East, and Southwest. Significant surface deformations are detected mainly in the Upper Rhine graben, Eifel volcanic field, and Thuringian-Vogtland slate mountains. The harmonic motions of the Earth's crust in Germany have an amplitude of ~4.7 mm, in which the surface loads contribute half to this type of motion. The findings will contribute to the overall picture of neotectonics here.
On the Time-Frequency Dynamics of Growth Cycles in Brazil
Authors: Matos Paulo , Alves Douglas , Monteiro Valdeir
Published: November 2023

We add to the empirical literature on growth, by addressing instrumentalized co-movements between the quarterly variation of real GDP per capita versus fiscal, monetary, and credit variables in Brazil. We use partial wavelet coherency to analyze time-frequency growth dependency on macro variables: net debt to GDP, primary balance to GDP, inflation, SELIC rate, household, and enterprise credit to GDP. We also use partial phase difference and partial gain to identify and measure the lead-lag relationship between growth and these macro variables. We provide a set of new stylized facts about the recent history of growth in Brazil over the period from 2004 and 2022, a period marked by three recessions. To summarize, in periods of expansion, primary balance cycles lead in-phase growth cycles, while inflationary and household credit cycles use to lead out-of-phase growth cycles. During recessions, we find a relevant positive role played by the enterprise credit, and a negative leadership of SELIC on economic growth cycle.
JEL classification: C02, O42, H60
A Simulated Patient Protocol for Implementing Evidence-Based Practices in Health Care Delivery
Authors: Green Ellen , Hamm Megan , Gowl Catherine , Deusen Reed Van , Liebschutz Jane M. , Wilson J. Deanna , Merlin Jessica
Published: November 2023

Background
Substantial work has been done to update or create evidence-based practices (EBPs) in the changing health care landscape. However, the success of these EBPs is limited by low levels of clinician implementation. The goal of this study is to describe the use of simulated patient (SP) methodology as a framework to develop implementation bundles to increase the effectiveness, sustainability, and reproducibility of EBPs across health care clinicians. The primary outcome was identifying likely facilitators for the successful implementation of EBP. Our secondary outcome was the assess the feasibility of using SPs to illuminate likely implementation barriers and facilitators.
Methods
We observed 12 primary care clinicians’ first-time experiences with six unique decision-making algorithms for use with patients exhibiting concerning behaviors associated with long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) for chronic pain over Zoom. Each clinician was paired with two simulated patients trained to portray individuals with one of the concerning behaviors addressed by the algorithms. The Standardized Patient-evaluations were followed by CFIR guided one-on-one interviews with the clinicians.
Results
The SP portrayal illuminated factors that were pertinent to address in the implementation bundle. SPs were realistic in their portrayal of patients with concerning behaviors associated with LTOT for chronic pain, but clinicians also noted that their patients in practice may have been more aggressive about their treatment plan.
Conclusions
SP simulation provides unique opportunities for obtaining crucial feedback to identify best practices in the adoption of new EBPs for high-risk patients.
Multiple sustained increases in atmospheric oxygen and marine productivity through the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic Eras
Authors: Stockey Richard , Cole Devon , Farrell Una , Agić Heda , Boag Thomas , Brocks Jochen , Canfield Donald , Cheng Meng , Crockford Peter , Cui Huan , Dahl Tais , Mouro Lucas , Dewing Keith , Dornbos Stephen , Emmings Joseph , Gaines Robert , Gibson Timothy , Gill Benjamin , Gilleaudeau Geoffrey , Goldberg Karin , Guilbaud Romain , Halverson Galen , Hammarlund Emma , Hantsoo Kalev , Henderson Miles , Henderson Charles , Hodgskiss Malcolm , Jarrett Amber , Johnston David , Kabanov Pavel , Kimmig Julien , Knoll Andrew , Kunzmann Marcus , LeRoy Matthew , Li Chao , Loydell David , Macdonald Francis , Magnall Joseph , Mills N. Tanner , Och Lawrence , O'Connell Brennan , Pagès Anais , Peters Shanan , Porter Susannah , Poulton Simon , Ritzer Samantha , Rooney Alan , Schoepfer Shane , Smith Emily , Strauss Justin , Uhlein Gabriel , White Tristan , Wood Rachel , Woltz Christina , Yurchenko Inessa , Planavsky Noah , Sperling Erik
Published: November 2023

A geologically rapid Neoproterozoic oxygenation event is commonly linked to the appearance of marine animal groups in the fossil record. However, there is still debate about what evidence from the sedimentary geochemical record – if any – provides strong support for a persistent shift in surface oxygen immediately preceding the rise of animals. We present statistical learning analyses of a large dataset of geochemical data and associated geological context from the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary record, and then use Earth system modeling to link trends in redox sensitive trace metal and organic carbon concentrations to the oxygenation of Earth’s oceans and atmosphere. We do not find evidence for the wholesale oxygenation of Earth’s oceans in the late Neoproterozoic. We do, however, reconstruct a moderate long-term increase in atmospheric oxygen and marine productivity. These changes to the Earth system would have increased dissolved oxygen and food supply in shallow-water habitats during the broad interval of geologic time that the major animal groups first radiated. This approach provides some of the most direct evidence for potential physiological drivers of the Cambrian radiation, while highlighting the importance of later Paleozoic oxygenation in the evolution of the modern Earth system.
Key drivers of flowering phenology of alpine-plant communities: exploring the contributions of climatic restriction and flower-visitor composition across geographic regions
Authors: Kudo Gaku , Ishii Hiroshi S. , Kawai Yuka , Kohyama Tetsuo I.
Published: November 2023

Flowering phenology of alpine-plant communities is determined by the interaction between abiotic and biological factors. Bees (especially bumble bees) and flies are major pollinators in alpine ecosystems. The abundance of bumble bees consistently increases with seasonal progress reflecting the colony development cycle, while the abundance of flies often fluctuates unpredictably. Responding to the seasonal dynamics of pollinators, flowering phenology of alpine-plant communities may also vary between bee-visited and fly-visited plants within and among regions. We compared the relationship between flower-visitor composition and flowering phenology across geographic regions: fly-dominated alpine in New Zealand, subtropical alpine in Taiwan, mid-latitudinal alpine in central and northern Japan, and high-elevation grassland in Mongolia. Thermal gradient was a fundamental factor regulating flowering patterns across regions, and clear seasonality at higher latitudes created diverse flowering patterns at a community scale. Flower production of fly-visited plants was less predictable with large variation, whereas that of bee-visited plants showed consistent patterns across regions reflecting the seasonality of bees. In New Zealand, most plant species were linked to syrphid and/or non-syrphid flies, but the network structure between insects and plants varied between sites. The network structures of the East Asian alpines were commonly constituted by syrphid flies, non-syrphid flies, and bumble bees, and these groups had specific niche width. In the Mongolian grassland, many insect groups formed diverse networks with small niche overlap. These results suggest that the flowering phenology of alpine-plant communities is influenced by the seasonal activity of bee pollinators under the climatic restriction in each region.
Do we care about appetite? – an investigation into recording of appetite disorders in older adults
Authors: Rudzińska Anna Karolina , Wojnarski Marcin , Gryglewska Barbara , Gąsowski Jerzy , Piotrowicz Karolina
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Appetite loss is a common issue among older adults. However, its formal assessment is rarely undertaken in clinical practice. The aim of the study was to check the frequency of reporting of appetite status in hospitalized older adults and to analyze the terms used by physicians when reporting appetite disturbances.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of hospitalized patients aged 65 and older was conducted.
Results: We included 1291 individual patients’ medical records, of which 13.3% contained any reference to appetite. We showed that in our setting, appetite was not assessed according to standardized questionnaires, and inconsistent terminology was used.
Conclusions. Appetite status was rarely noted in electronic medical records. The lack of a structured assessment of appetite disorders in older patients was found.
Chemical reservoir computation in a self-organizing reaction network
Authors: Huck Wilhelm , Baltussen Mathieu , de Jong Thijs , Duez Quentin , Robinson William
Published: November 2023

The flow of information is as crucial to life as the flow of energy1,2. Chemical reaction networks such as those found in metabolism and signalling pathways enable cells to process information from their environment3,4. Current approaches to molecular information processing and computation typically pursue digital computation paradigms and require extensive molecular-level engineering5. Despite significant advances, these approaches have not reached the level of information processing capabilities seen in living systems. Here, we report on the discovery and implementation of a chemical reservoir computer based on the formose reaction6. We demonstrate how this complex, self-organizing chemical reaction network can perform multiple non-linear classification tasks in parallel, of predicting the dynamics of other complex systems, and of time series forecasting. This in chemico information processing system provides proof-of-principle for the emergent computational capabilities of complex chemical reaction networks, paving the way for a new class of biomimetic information processing systems.
Plasma Ceramides as Biomarkers for Microvascular Disease in Diabetes: Evaluating the Relationship Between Ceramide and Multiple Outcomes
Authors: Junqueira Débora Leonor , Cavalcanti Alexandre Biasi , Sallum Juliana Maria Ferraz , Yasaki Erika , Jesuíno Isabella de Andrade , Stach Alline , Negrelli Karina , Silva Leila de Oliveira , Lopes Marcela Almeida , Caixeta Adriano , Chan Mark , Ching JIANHONG , Carvalho Valdemir Malechco , Faccio Andrea Tedesco , Tsutsui Jeane , Rizzatti Edgar , Fonseca Rafael Almeida , Summers Scott , Fonseca Henrique Almeida , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Krieger José , de Carvalho Leonardo Pinto
Published: November 2023

Background
We aimed to evaluate ceramides as biomarkers for diabetic microvascular disease.
Methods
309 patients were prospectively enrolled from 2018 to 2020: healthy controls (group 1/N = 51), diabetes mellitus (DM) without Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) (group 2/N = 150), and DM with AMI (group 3/N = 108). Outcomes measured were coronary microvascular disease (CMD) using stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (outcome 1), retinal microvascular disease (RMD) using retinography (outcome 2), both (CMD & RMD) (outcome 3), or absence of microvascular disease (AMD) (outcome 4). Biomarker classification performance were evaluated using receiving operator curve analysis (AUC) and multiple logistic regression. Reference three ceramide ratios associated with diabetes were analyzed and compared with 11 ceramides (panel) previously identified by our study group.
Results
HbA1c mean values were 5.1% (group 1), 8.3% (group 2) and 7.6% (group 3). CMD was observed in 59.5% of patients, RMD in 25.8%, CMD&RMD in 18.8%, and AMD in 38.5%. The AUC using reference ceramide ratios for each outcome were: 0.66 (p = 0.012) (CMD), 0.61 (p = 0.248) (RMD),0.64 (P = 0.282) (CMD&RMD) and 0.67 (P = 0.010) (AMD). However, AUC using 11 ceramides improved significantly: 0.81 (p = 0.001) (CMD), 0.73 (p = 0.010) (RMD),0.73 (P = 0.04) (CMD&RMD) and 0.83 (P = 0.010) (AMD). Furthermore, specific ceramides features were identified for each outcome. Only increased C14.0 was positively associated with AMD (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Plasma ceramides predict health status and microvascular disease sub-phenotypes in DM.
Anomaly Detection of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) in IoT Network Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mohammed Baydaa Hashim , Sallehudin Hasimi , Safie Nurhizam , Satar Mohd , Murhg Hamed Dhary , Mohamed Shaymaa Abdelghany
Published: November 2023

This research focuses on developing an anomaly detection system using machine learning to mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in IoT networks. The study utilizes a diverse dataset from IoT environments to train and evaluate machine learning algorithms for DDoS detection. The dataset includes various IoT device types, communication protocols, and network configurations. The research aims to achieve several objectives, including dataset preprocessing, feature engineering, machine learning model selection, anomaly detection, and performance evaluation. The research team preprocesses the raw Internet of Things (IoT) network data by cleaning and transforming it to prepare it for analysis. They then extract relevant features from the data to effectively characterize normal and abnormal network behavior. Multiple machine learning algorithms are evaluated and compared to determine the most suitable models for DDoS detection in IoT networks. The selected machine learning models are then used to identify and classify abnormal traffic patterns associated with DDoS attacks. The performance of the developed anomaly detection system is evaluated by assessing its accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The significance of this research lies in its potential to enhance the security of IoT networks by proactively detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks. By leveraging machine learning, the study aims to provide a robust defense mechanism against this pervasive threat, ensuring the reliability and availability of IoT services and applications.
Fabrication of a composite material of polycaprolactone synthesized via ring-opening polymerization and functionalized with multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Authors: Penaranda-Armbrecht José , Correa-Quiceno Mario Jose , Caicedo-Angulo Julio Cesar , Neuta-Arciniegas Paola Andrea , Gutierrez-Montes Jose Oscar
Published: November 2023

High molecular weight polycaprolactone was synthesized using a solvent-free, eco-friendly ring-opening polymerization (ROP) method. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis, and the thermal characteristics were analyzed via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed to functionalize the PCL to produce composite materials, and the chemical bonding was verified using Raman spectroscopy. The optimal MWCNT couplings for PCL were determined to be 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w).
Configurable laterally stacked 2D layered fullerene C60-graphene system with precise spatialization
Authors: wu Lijun , Suriyaprakash Jagadeesh
Published: November 2023

All-carbon laterally stacked 2D fullerene C60-graphene hybrid (LFG) systems with strong interfacial coupling at the specified region and configuration are in great demand for micro/nanoelectronics due to their distinct hybridized optoelectronic properties. Such a system with patternable and tunable features at the sub-micron scale is exceptionally challenging to synthesis. Herein, based on the photoactivity of the molecule containing stable 5 and 6 bicyclic carbon rings and the power profile of a Gaussian beam, a unique hybrid system consisting of 2D layered fullerene C60-graphene nanostructure is developed with high spatialization. The formation of C60 clusters and their subsequent linkage, coupled with graphene have emerged in the polymer composite at the defined region as a result of laser-induced photochemical evolution/coupling and photolysis processes. This hybrid system can be freely micropatterned to various intricate designs with a tunable bandgap in the range of 1.85–0.86 eV by simply modulating the irradiation power. Further, the newly designed LFG microarray pattern device offers significant photoresponsivity as high as 1.51 x104 A/W at a very low power of light in a wide spectrum (405–1550 nm). The unique hybrid 2D C60-graphene-2D C60 lateral heterostructure with large interfacial coupling and depletion domain offers optimal photocarrier generation/separation, remarkably enhancing the device's performance. Concerning the benefits of this study, featuring a user-friendly patterning technique, cost-effective instrument, alterable material proportion and high spatialization/interface coupling, allow for the feasible deployment of newly customised functional materials and devices.
Widespread but divergent drought legacy effects on gross primary productivity
Authors: Yu Xin , Orth Rene , Reichstein Markus , Bahn Michael , Reimers Christian , Gomarasca Ulisse , Migliavacca Mirco , Papale Dario , Bastos Ana
Published: November 2023

Droughts can impact terrestrial ecosystems concurrently but also lagged in time as legacy effects. Although drought legacy effects on plants have been thoroughly shown using tree radial growth and greenness, understanding of legacy effects on gross primary productivity (GPP) remains limited. Here, we quantify for the first time drought legacy effects on GPP at 73 long-term eddy covariance sites across biomes and climate regions. We find sizeable and widespread drought legacy effects at 57 out of 59 sites experiencing strong droughts. We find drought legacy effects diverge globally, with about as many sites experiencing positive (30 sites) and negative (27 sites) legacy effects. Grasslands tend to exhibit positive legacy effects, with GPP being stimulated after drought, whereas other ecosystems such as forests show a mixture of positive, negative, or no legacy effects. We find climatological aridity and drought duration to be the most relevant factors explaining spatial variability of drought legacy effects among forest sites. Our results demonstrate that drought legacy effects on GPP are widespread but divergent and should be considered more explicitly for understanding and projecting the impacts of drought on terrestrial carbon cycling.
Pricing and hedging contingent claims by entropy segmentation and Fenchel duality
Authors: Vilar-Zanón José L. , Rogo Barbara
Published: November 2023

We present a new approach to the problem of characterizing and choosing equivalent martingale pricing measures for a contingent claim, in a finite-state incomplete market. This is the entropy segmentation method achieved by means of convex programming, thanks to which we divide the claim no-arbitrage prices interval into two halves, the buyer's and the seller's prices at successive entropy levels. Classical buyer's and seller's prices arise when the entropy level approaches 0. Next, we apply Fenchel duality to these primal programs to characterize the hedging positions, unifying in the same expression the cases of super (resp. sub) replication (arising when the entropy approaches 0) and partial replication (when entropy tends to its maximal value). We finally apply linear programming to our hedging problem to find in a price slice of the dual feasible set an optimal partial replicating portfolio with minimal CVaR. A super (resp. sub) replication solution is obtained as the entropy level tends to 0. We apply our methodology to a cliquet style guarantee, using Heston's dynamic with parameters calibrated on EUROSTOXX50 index quoted prices of European calls. This way prices and hedging positions take into account the volatility risk.
Associations of Education with Cholelithiasis and the Mediating Effects of Cardiometabolic Factors: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Changlei , Liu Yukun , Lan Yingying , Wang Zusen
Published: November 2023

Background
Education, cognition and intelligence are associated with cholelithiasis progression, yet which one has a prominent effect on cholelithiasis and which cardiometabolic risk factors mediate the causal relationship remain unelucidated.
Method
Applying genome-wide association study summary statistics of primarily European individuals, we utilized 2-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization to estimate the independent effects of education, intelligence, and cognition on cholelithiasis and cholecystitis (FinnGen study, 37041 and 11632 patients, respectively; n = 486484 participants) and performed 2-step Mendelian randomization to evaluate 21 potential mediators and their mediating effects on the relationships, between each exposure and cholelithiasis.
Results
Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization results from the FinnGen consortium showed that genetically higher education, cognition or intelligence were not independently associated with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis; when adjusted for cholelithiasis, higher education still presented an inverse effect on cholecystitis [OR: 0.292 (95% CI: 0.171 to 0.501)], which could not be induced by cognition or intelligence. Five out of 21 cardiometabolic risk factors were perceived as mediators of the association between education and cholelithiasis, including body mass index (20.84%), body fat percentage (40.3%), waist circumference (44.4%), waist-to-hip ratio (32.9%) and time spent watching television (41.6%); while time spent watching television was also a mediator from cognition (20.4%) and intelligence to cholelithiasis (28.4%). These results above were all robust to sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion
Education, cognition and intelligence all played crucial roles in the development of cholelithiasis, and several cardiometabolic mediators were identified as inferior targets for prevention of cholelithiasis due to defects in each exposure.
Does the decision-making in multidisciplinary tumor board affect the survival of patients with malignancies of the oral cavity?
Authors: Burkhardt Valentin , El-Shabrawi Katharina , Riemann Sarah , Voss Pitt , Becker Christoph
Published: November 2023

Objectives
The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of a pretherapeutic Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (MTB) presentation on the prognosis and treatment outcomes in patients with primary oral cavity carcinoma.
Materials and Methods
This single-center study included 630 patients diagnosed with oral cavity carcinoma treated between 2010 and 2020. The study cohort was divided in a group with and without pretherapeutic MTB presentation. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment and the time to treatment initiation (TTI) were collected retrospectively.
Results
Primary findings revealed similar 5-Year Survival (5-YS) and 5-years disease free survival in (5-YDFS) both groups, across the UICC stages I-IV, as well as for the entire cohort. The 5-YS was 47.2 months (95% CI: 44.7;49.7) in the non-MTB group and 43 months (CI: 40.7;45.3) in the MTB group (p>0.05). The TTI was significantly longer in the MTB group (33.5 days, CI: 31.3;35.7) compared to the non-MTB group (20.1 days, CI: 17.9;22.4, p<0.001). The MTB group adhered more frequently to the national guidelines (68% vs. 79.6%, p<0.01).
Conclusion
The results demonstrate both positive and negative side effects of the MTB presentation in patients with oral cavity cancer. Further multicenter studies will be required to assess the impact of TTI and adherence to guidelines on the survival of oral cavity cancer patients.
Clinical Relevance
The MTB presentation for patients with oral cavity carcinomas represents a standard practice and an integral part of treatment in cancer centers worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of processes in cancer centers can help to enhance patient treatment and outcomes.
WT1 exon 10 missense variant in a pediatric patient with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis with embryonal hyperplasia
Authors: Kurokawa Mari , Nishimura Manao , Nishiyama Kei , Matsuoka Kentaro , Nagano China , Kaku Yoshitsugu
Published: November 2023

A 6-year-old boy was diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities (48,XYY,+21[11]/46,XY[19]) at 4 months of age after a physical examination revealed an undescended testis and a dwarf penis. He also had mild renal dysfunction and severe proteinuria, and renal biopsy at 2 years of age revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Genetic analysis to investigate suspected WT1 gene abnormalities revealed a novel variant in NM_024426.6:exon10:c.1506T>A (p.(Asp502Glu)). His renal function deterioratedrapidly, leading to the induction of peritoneal dialysis at 5 years of age. Although this variant had not been previously reported, bilateral nephrectomy was performed to prevent any progression of the tumor. Histopathology showed all the glomeruli observed within the observation area to be completely sclerotic, while also showing evidence of embryonal hyperplasia. This case was not a hot spot for Denys-Drash syndrome, but it had a similar phenotype and pathology that could have been derived from a WT1 gene abnormality.
Dengue virus infection in Ethiopia, a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nigussie Eshetu , Atlaw Daniel , Negash Getahun , Gezahegn Habtamu , Baresa Girma , Tasew Alelign , Zembaba Demissu
Published: November 2023

Background
Dengue virus infection is caused by a positive stranded RNA virus called Dengue virus, which is spread by arthropods. It is a fast growing acute febrile disease with potentially lethal consequences that is a global public health problem, mostly in tropical and subtropical countries. In Ethiopia dengue fever is understudied despite the fact that the virus is still being transmitted and viral infection rates are rising. This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of DENV infection in Ethiopia.
Methods
A literature search was done on PubMed, Hinari and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published before July, 2023. Random effects and fixed effects models were used to estimate pooled prevalence of all the three markers. The Inconsistency Index was used to assess the level of heterogeneity.
Results
A total of 11 articles were included in this review. Majority of the studies had moderate risk of bias and no study had a high risk of bias. A meta-analysis estimated pooled IgG prevalence of 21% (95% CI: 19–23), a pooled prevalence of IgM 9% (95%CI: 4–13) and a pooled DENV-RNA prevalence of 48% (95% CI: 33–62). There is evidence of possible publication bias in IgG but not found in the rest of markers.
Conclusion
The prevalence of DENV infection is high in Ethiopia. Healthcare providers, researchers and policymakers should give more attention to dengue fever.
Genotype by environment interaction influence on functional molecules (tocopherols and sterols) accumulation in sunflower oil
Authors: Hussain Masood , Rauf Saeed , Ortiz Rodomiro , Al-Khayri J. M. , Tauqir Nasir A. , Elbok Safia
Published: November 2023

Tocopherol and sterol are non-dietary functional molecules in sunflower oil, which act as antioxidants, reduce cholesterol and improve immunity against diseases. The present study was designed to determine tocopherol and sterol contents in 13 high and two low oleic acid sunflower hybrids across two seasons (spring and autumn) and four locations under subtropical conditions of Pakistan with contrasting reproductive phase temperatures. The results showed that tocopherol and sterol contents varied across the seasons and locations. Autumn planting produced high tocopherol content. Moreover, locations under high temperature during reproductive phase negatively affected the sterol and tocopherol contents. High oleic acid hybrids yielded 38% higher tocopherol content than low oleic acid hybrids. High oleic acid hybrids produced higher sterol contents at all locations and seasons. Hybrids such as H4 and H5 are considered stable due to comparatively close values of tocopherol and sterol contents across the four locations when compared with standard checks and other hybrids during spring season as indicated from various stability parameters. Hybrids H8, H4 and H5 also manifested higher magnitude of heterosis for tocopherol and sterol contents that may be due to overdominance gene action. Breeding lines such as B.116.P, B.112.P and RH.365 were positive combiners for the investigated traits, thus likely carrying positive alleles for both tocopherol and sterol traits.
RNA-sequence reveals differentially expressed genes affecting the secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Chen Siyu , Chen Yang , Pan Bing , Zhao Wenjun , Jiang Hong , Chen Jianghua , Zhang Ping
Published: November 2023

Background/aim
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the mechanisms of cell proliferation leading to which has not been fully understood in recent years. And this study investigated the potential genes of tissue proliferation in secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Materials and methods
RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was conducted to explore the potentially related genes of SHPT. Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism indicated for surgical parathyroidectomy in our institution were reviewed and the parathyroid glands were removed for RNA-Seq analysis to measure the differential changes of RNA expression. Furthermore, we validated the differential genes expression by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in tissue samples and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serum of patients with or without SHPT.
Results
Our study identified 24 DEGs by RNA-Seq, among which 16 were upregulated and 8 were downregulated. Through the qRT-PCR, we further found that U2AF1L5, LTBP2, RGN in the hyperplasia group were significantly downregulated and RAP1GAP2 was significantly upregulated compared to the control group. And only Serum U2AF1L5 concentrations in patients with SHPT were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (0.360.27ng/ml vs 0.150.07ng/ml, P<0.05) as ELISA showed.
Conclusion
The genes including LTBP2, RGN, RAP1GAP2 and U2AF1L5 differentially expressed in tissues and serum in patients with SHPT.
VLSI Implementation of Radix Binary Coded Decimal Multiplier using Reversible Logic
Authors: DV Hamirdhavalle , Vijeyakumar K. N. , Prem K.R.
Published: November 2023

In CMOS design, conventional logic design plays a vital role. Even though, irrespective of its many advantages, it lacks efficiency in terms of speed, area, power, and delay leading to much heat dissipation and delay on circuit design. Therefore, in replacement of conventional digital computers, Reversible logic acts as a promising technology that can improve the standard of the circuits in terms of power, speed, area, heat dissipation, lifespan, and input traceability. In this project, we propose a high-speed reversible radix binary-coded decimal multiplier (HS-RBCDM) and a Power Enhanced- High speed reversible binary-coded decimal multiplier (HS-RBCDMPE) each efficient in terms of speed, power and area respectively. In comparison with recent designs, the proposed methodology gives a single gate level architecture for multiple multiplicand generator (MMG) and reversible adder and a Radix-recoder for converting 8221 to 4221 codes for HS-RBCDM that achieves low power dissipation and shifting operation using copying gate instead of MMG for HS-RBCDMPE to achieve high-speed reducing delay in the circuit and area efficiency. The proposed multipliers HS-RBCDM and HS-RBCDMPE is designed with 90- nm ASIC technology using the Cadence EDA tool and is compared with state-of-art reversible BCD algorithm. Performance evaluations of the proposed designs compared with recent proposed methods reveals that the proposed HS-RBCDM multiplier and HS-RBCDMPE achieves 64.9% and 69.6% Area reduction, 51.3% and 71.9% Delay reduction and 52.6% and PDP reduction respectively.
Ppe.RPT/SSC-1: From QTL mapping to a predictive KASP test for ripening time and soluble solids concentration in peach
Authors: Linge Cassia Silva , Fu Wanfang , Calle Alejandro , Rawandoozi Zena , Cai Lichun , Byrne David H. , Worthington Margaret , Gasic Ksenija
Published: November 2023

Genomic regions associated with ripening time (RPT) and soluble solids concentration (SSC) were mapped using a pedigreed population including multiple F1 and F2 families from the Clemson University peach breeding program (CUPBP). RPT and SSC QTLs were consistently identified in two seasons (2011 and 2012) and the average datasets (average of two seasons). A target region spanning 10,981,971 − 11,298,736 bp on chromosome 4 of peach reference genome used for haplotype analysis revealed four haplotypes with significant differences in trait values among different diplotype combinations. Favorable alleles at the target region for both RPT and SSC were determined and a DNA test for predicting RPT and SSC was developed. Two Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assays were validated on 84 peach cultivars and 163 seedlings from the CUPBP, with only one assay (Ppe.RPT/SSC-1) needed to predict between early and late-season ripening cultivars and low and high SSC. These results advance our understanding of the genetic basis of RPT and SSC and facilitate selection of new peach cultivars with the desired RPT and SSC.
Synthesis, molecular docking, and anticancer effect of newly synthesized 2- (thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole derivatives: suppression of HCT-116 Cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and downregulation of miR-25, C-Myc and IL-6
Authors: Abdelazeem Nagwa M. , Gouhar Shaimaa A. , Fahmy Cinderella A. , Elshahid Zeinab A. , El-Hussieny Marwa
Published: November 2023

In the present study, we prepared new sixteen different derivatives. The first series were prepared (methylene)bis(2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole) derivatives which have (indole and thiophene rings) by excellent yield from the reaction (2 mmol) 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole and (1 mmol) from aldehyde. The second series were synthesized (2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl) methyl) aniline derivatives by at a relatively low yield from multicomponent reaction of three components 2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-indole, N-methylaniline and desired aldehydes. The anticancer effect of the newly synthesized derivatives was determined against different cancers, colon, lung, breast and skin. The counter screening was done against normal Epithelial cells (RPE-1). The effect on cell cycle and mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect were also studied. The initial single dose (100µg/ml) testing for all new compounds against this panel of 5 human tumor cell lines indicated that the compounds under investigation exhibited selective cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cell line and compounds (4g, 4a, 4c) showed potent anticancer activity against HCT-116 cell line with an IC50 values of 3.566, 5.087, 6.183 µg/ml respectively. Also, the active derivatives caused cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M phase with significant(p < 0.0001) increase in the expression levels of tumor suppressors miR-30C, and miR-107 and a tremendous decrease in oncogenic miR-25, IL-6 and C-Myc levels. It is to conclude that the anticancer activity could be through direct interaction with tumor cell DNA like S-phase-dependent chemotherapy drugs. Which can interact with DNA or block DNA synthesis such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, or 5-fluorouracil and which were highly effective in killing the cancer cells. This data ensures the efficiency of the 3 analogues on inducing cell cycle arrest and preventing cancer cell growth. The altered expressions explained the molecular mechanisms through which the newly synthesized analogues exert their anticancer action.
Combining glycolysis and oxidative stress characterizations to assess prognosis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Huang Ying , Zeng Jianchang , Jiang Bingdong , Li Rong , Ma Hualing , Wang Xiufang , Yang Jun
Published: November 2023

Background
The research assessed glycolysis and oxidative stress scores as a potential indicator of prognosis in those afflicted with progressive ovarian cancer, which is known to have a poorer prognosis and is prone to platinum resistance.
Methods
The patients from the Ovarian Cancer (OV) dataset (TCGA-OV)is a test set. A total of 3 independent cohorts, GSE23554, GSE30587, and GSE14407 were utilized for outside verification. To discover glycolysis and oxidative stress-associated molecular patterns, unsupervised hierarchical clustering based on glycolysis and oxidative stress-associated genes was performed. Significant prognostic glycolysis and oxidative stress-associated genes were identified by LASSO(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression. To differentiate between high-risk and low-risk categories, gene mutations, tumor immune microenvironments, and functional pathways were examined. Immunohistochemistry assays were utilized in this investigation to confirm the link between GLO1 and ovarian cancer prognosis.
Results
With 82 genes defined as gl ycolysis and oxidative stress- related genes ( GOSRGs ), the five GOSRGs (AKT1, ERBB2, GLO1, H6PD, and RB1) were identified to bulid a glycolysis and oxidative stress prognostic risk model. An analysis of the risk score via ROC curve revealed that the AUCs for 1, 3, and 5-years were 0.638, 0.588, and 0.635 respectively. The key genes are: GLO1, H6PD, and RB1. Glycolysis and oxidative stress-related pathways were discovered using GO, KEGG, and GSEA function analysis. The immune infiltration analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in 19 types of immune cells between the GOSs high and low groups. In addition, 15 genes were more prevalent in the GOSs high group. In univariate Cox regression analysis, GOSs, stage, and age are significantly related to prognosis. In nomogram analysis, the prognostic ability of age and stage on the model is higher than that of other variables.
Conclusions
The glycolysis-oxidative stress gene signature represents a promising tool for risk classification tool in OV patients.
WITHDRAWN: Adsorption kinetics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) onto super activated renewable carbon (SARC) in low-carbon composites (LCCs)
Authors: Sun Bo , Sain Mohini
Published: November 2023

This is the first study of adsorption kinetics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) onto super activated renewable carbon (SARC), with the aim of maximizing the removal efficiency of odor during the compounding of low-carbon composites (LCCs). Three different micrometer-sized SARC samples were prepared by alkali (NaOH) modification of renewable carbon, named as small sized SARC (S-SARC), medium sized SARC (M-SARC) and large sized SARC (L-SARC), respectively. The morphology and geometrical properties of these prepared SARC were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and their surface groups were determined by Boehm titration. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were applied to elucidate the migration behavior of SARC particles, with the aim of homogenizing the particles’ distribution and increasing their contact opportunities with VOCs molecules. The performance of SARC samples employed as adsorbents in LCCs had been exploited, and their adsorption capacity were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) upon identifying and quantifying the volatile compounds. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were applied, and the results revealed Freundlich was better fitting for the adsorption kinetics. The influence of various factors, e.g. chemical and physical properties of SARC, on the adsorption of VOCs were compared, and the results confirmed the dominant chemical adsorption (Freundlich Isotherm). Thus, using SARC, especially S-SARC can significantly promote the removal of odorous VOCs, and open up new horizons of full utilization of LCCs as substitutes for traditional high-carbon plastics in broader industries.
Cardiotoxicity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Talty Anna , Morris Roseanne , Deighan Carolyn
Published: November 2023

Background
Due to advancements in methods of cancer treatment, the population of people living with and beyond cancer is dramatically growing. The number of cancer survivors developing cardiovascular diseases and heart failure is also rising, due in part to the cardiotoxic nature of many cancer treatments. Guidelines are being increasingly released, emphasising the need for interdisciplinary action to address this gap in survivorship care. However, the extent to which interventions exist, incorporating the recommendations of cardio-oncology research, remains undetermined.
Objective
The aim of this scoping review is to assess the nature, extent and remit of existing cancer care interventions and their integration of cardio-oncology principles.
Methods
The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews Guidelines. Databases were independently searched for articles from 2010 to 2022, by two members of the research team. Data were charted and synthesised using the following criteria: (a) the focus of the intervention (b) the medium of delivery (c) the duration (d) the modalities included in the interventions (e) the research articles associated with each intervention (f) the type of studies conducted (g) key measures used (h) outcomes reported.
Results
Interventions encompassed six key modalities: Psychological Support, Physical Activity, Nutrition, Patient Education, Lifestyle and Caregiver Support. The focus, medium of delivery and duration of interventions varied significantly. While a considerable number of study protocols and pilot studies exist documenting HSMIs, only 25% appear to have progressed beyond this stage of development. Of those that have, the present review did not identify any ‘feasible’ interventions that covered each of the six modalities, while being generalisable to all cancer survivors and incorporating the recommendations from cardio-oncology research.
Conclusion
Despite the substantial volume of research and evidence from the field of cardio-oncology, the findings of this scoping review suggest that the recommendations from guidelines have yet to be successfully translated from theory to practice. There is an opportunity, if not necessity, for cardiac rehabilitation to expand to meet the needs of those living with and beyond cancer.