bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Digital Literacy of Students in Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Muhammad Khakim Ashari  , Moh Faizin  , Jamaluddin Shiddiq
Published: July 2024

Advances in information and communication technology are so fast, capable of dynamically changing the order of human life. Everyone is increasingly dependent on technology in every inch of their activities, including in the realm of education. The use of technology products in the form of internet access and social media has been massively used by millions of people in the world. Learning, which initially only focused on meeting in class and relying only on printed books, is now developing with the presence of a new era, namely digital literacy, including in religious learning. This study aims to photograph the implementation of digital literacy, the use of digital religious resources and their impact on learning in Indonesia and Malaysia. This study is a type of qualitative research with a systematic literature review (SLR) approach. Primary data sources come from research journal articles and books that are in accordance with the theme of the discussion while secondary data is used as explanatory data related to the theme. The data analysis technique uses content analysis. The findings or results of the research are that digital literacy in Indonesia and Malaysia both utilize information and communication technology media that relies on internet access, websites and social media. Problems are still found in the two countries, namely related to equity, where in some regions or regions they have not been able to reach the internet optimally and certainly have not been able to fully implement digital literacy. Digital religious literacy of students in Indonesia and Malaysia is by utilizing interesting and free-access content and materials available on the internet and social media. Access to religious material in digital space by students has proven to be able to increase understanding of the material.
Nurturing Ethical Character in Islamic Colleges through Interactive Technology: Lecturers Perspective
Authors: Rabbianty Eva Nikmatul , Siti Azizah  , Mashur Abadi  , Nina Khayatul Virdyna  , Ali Said Al-Matari
Published: July 2024

This article examines the impact of integrating interactive technology in character education programs on ethical character development in Islamic colleges from the lecturers' perspective. The study addresses two research questions: (1) How does the integration of interactive technology influence ethical character development, according to lecturers in Islamic colleges? (2) What challenges do lecturers face in effectively utilizing interactive technology for nurturing ethical character education?. Data was collected through a survey of 50 lecturers from Islamic colleges in Madura, using a combination of closed-ended and open-ended questions. The findings reveal that integrating interactive technology positively affects ethical character development by enhancing student engagement, critical thinking, and moral reasoning. This research contributes to addressing a research gap by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of interactive technology in nurturing ethical character development in the context of Islamic colleges. Additionally, the study identifies challenges lecturers face in embracing the digital age, including limited technical skills, inadequate resources, and resistance to change. Addressing these challenges is crucial for maximizing the potential of interactive technology in character education programs. Overall, this research offers practical insights for educational institutions and policymakers, informing the design of strategies for incorporating interactive technology into character education programs while mitigating associated challenges. By focusing specifically on Islamic colleges, this study provides unique perspectives on integrating interactive technology in nurturing ethical character development, adding novelty to the existing literature
Hukum Donor ASI dan Implikasinya Terhadap Status Nasab Perspektif Yusuf Al Qardhawi Dengan Fatwa MUI
Authors: Khilliatus Saniyah Putri Rohman  , Umi Zahrotul Latifah
Published: July 2024

Donor ASI telah menjadi topik yang semakin penting dalam konteks kebijakan kesehatan dan agama. Dalam konteks ini, penelitian ini mengulas hukum donor ASI dan implikasinya terhadap status nasab menurut perspektif Yusuf al-Qaradawi dan fatwa MUI. Pendekatan ini melibatkan analisis terhadap pandangan Yusuf al-Qaradawi dalam konteks Islam moderat dan pemahaman fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Penelitian ini menggali argumen-argumen hukum dan teologis yang melatarbelakangi pendapat kedua pihak, serta mengeksplorasi implikasi praktisnya terhadap status nasab anak yang diperoleh melalui donor ASI. Dengan merujuk pada sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder, penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang perspektif Islam terhadap donor ASI dan mengilustrasikan relevansinya dalam konteks hukum keluarga Islam. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi dalam membuka wawasan serta memberikan pandangan yang komprehensif dalam memahami isu yang relevan dengan kesehatan dan agama dalam masyarakat modern.
EMERGING NEMATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE CAMPANIA REGION
Authors: CAPRIO ELENA , ESPOSITO VINCENZO , LISBINO SALVATORE , BATTAGLIA EDOARDO
Published: July 2024

During a fifteen-year period of work carried out by the Test facility for the farm acquisition to be used to conduct efficacy trials against nematodes, a survey was carried out on nematological problems occurring in the Campania Region. The investigations has shown that the genus Meloidogyne spp., in particular the species M. incognita, is the most widespread and harmful trophic group. These nematodes are found in particular on horticultural plants in the sandy soils of the coastal areas and especially under protected conditions. Infestations of the cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida on potato in the neighbouring Caserta and Neapolitan areas, H. goettingiana on leguminous plants, especially peas, and H. daverti on carnation in the Vesuvian foothills are also common. In the Nocerino-Sarnese countryside, infestations by the stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, on onions are still severe. On fruit trees are common Mesocriconema xenoplax on actinidia, Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla on peach trees and Tylenchulus semipenetrans on citrus fruits. Among the virus transmitting nematodes, Xiphinema diversicaudatum is very harmful to peach trees in Terra di Lavoro, in the Carinola (Caserta) area, and X. index to grapevines in the Benevento and Avellino areas. Key Words: phytoparasitic nematodes, crops, distribution, damage.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE PÚBLICA: O PERFIL DOS JUDICANTES E SUAS DEMANDAS ANTES E DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Patucci Mariana Pereira , Medeiros Jássio Pereira de
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo objetiva analisar o fenômeno da judicialização da saúde pública no município de Natal/RN, traçando o perfil dos demandantes e seus pedidos, antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Para embasamento teórico foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a partir da base de dados Google Scholar, a qual resultou em 16 artigos, os quais foram utilizados para respaldar a análise dos dados. No que diz respeito aos procedimentos metodológicos, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e documental em 188 processos da 1° instância do poder judiciário do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Destes, 47 processos, entre março de 2020 e maio de 2021, tinham como motivo a pandemia de Covid-19, isto é, houve um aumento significativo das ações judiciais envolvendo a saúde pública. De uma maneira geral, o perfil dos processantes foi de homens, com mais de 60 anos, com alguma renda de aposentadoria, representados por advogados particulares e que solicitaram a justiça gratuita.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE O EXPERIMENTO DE VAN DE GRAAFF E OS RAIOS: UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA PARA ENSINAR ELETROSTÁTICA
Authors: De Sousa Filho José Ricardo , Alves Bandeira Elisângela Márcia , Alves Bandeira Edmarlos Marcos , Gonçalves Barreto Troncão Pâmella , Cupertino Gomes Érica
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho consiste em abordar um fenômeno físico, as descargas elétricasatmosféricas, para ensinar conceitos de eletrostática. Para tornar o ensino dessatemática mais interessante e dinâmico, foi utilizado um gerador de Van deGraaff montado em um Produto Educacional de mestrado. Utilizou-se umaSequência de Ensino Investigativo (SEI) durante a aplicação deste trabalho,que contou com 3 etapas, que se dividiu em apresentação do projeto aosestudantes com resolução de um questionário diagnóstico, atividadeexperimental utilizando o gerador de Van de Graaff e reaplicação doquestionário com aula expositiva sobre conceitos de eletrostática e meios deproteção contra descargas elétricas atmosféricas.
Effect of probiotics on the growth, blood profile, and nutritional-metabolic profile of feedlot cattle
Authors: Mansilla Flavia I. , Aristimuño Ficoseco María C. , Miranda María H. , Villar Marcela D’Urso , Vignolo Graciela M. , Nader-Macías María E. F.
Published: July 2024

The blood profile, nutritional-metabolic status, and growth performance of cattle receiving probiotic lactobacilli for 105 days from entry to a feedlot system were evaluated. The trial involved 60 Brangus/Braford castrated steers. They were randomly allocated in pens (n = 15/treatment) and in-feed supplemented with different probiotic suspensions (107–108 CFU/mL/day). The suspensions consisted of (A) Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL2074, (B) Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL2085, or (C) multistrain CRL2074 + CRL2085 + Limosilactobacillus mucosae CRL2069 formulations, against the control group. Individual samples were taken from each animal thrice throughout the assay (0, 45, and 105 days). Analysis of clinical parameters showed optimal animal body condition and sensorium state. Isolated nasal discharges and the absence of diarrhea were observed at 105 days in the group administered with multistrain and Lim. fermentum CRL2085 probiotics. An increasing trend was observed in cattle growth throughout the trial, which was calculated based on the height at the withers and the thoracic diameter. Weight increase and daily weight gain (1.31 ± 0.12 kg and 1.21 ± 0.21 kg/day, respectively) were maximum for cattle supplied with CRL2085 and multistrain probiotics. Blood and serum parameters were within referential ranges for the control and probiotics-supplemented groups; however, mean values of hematocrit were higher, while the serum glucose, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein values were lower in all the groups. In addition, the multistrain probiotic formulation exhibited higher numbers of cultivable lactic acid bacteria and a slight decrease in the number of enterobacteria in feces at the end of the trial. Therefore, there is great potential for multistrain probiotic formulation to improve the overall performance of feedlot beef cattle.
Physics at a Crossroads: Weird Concepts or Orthogonal Projections
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: July 2024

Einstein’s special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR) describe nature in “subjective concepts” (concepts of observers), such as spatial and temporal distance, wave, particle, and force. The word “subjective” does not imply that SR/GR would be limited to just one point of view. It implies that, despite the Lorentz covariance of SR and the general covariance of GR, any point of view in SR/GR is egocentric. Even coordinate-free formulations of SR/GR or all observers’ views taken together do not make a “holistic view” (comprehensive view from all possible perspectives at the same instant in time) because there is no absolute time in SR/GR. Here I show: Euclidean relativity (ER) describes nature in “objective concepts” (concepts that are immanent in all objects). “Pure distance” replaces spatial and temporal distance. “Pure energy” replaces wave and particle. Each object’s proper space d1, d2, d3 and its proper time τ span an absolute 4D Euclidean spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are pure distances. The invariant parameter is cosmic time θ. All energy moves through ES at the speed c. An observer’s reality is created by orthogonally projecting the “master reality” ES to his proper space and to his proper time. In SR and GR, the two projections are reassembled to a non-Euclidean spacetime. Information is lost in projections. Thus, there will always be unsolved mysteries if we oppose ER. ER includes SR/GR as assisting theories: Their subjective concepts describe an observer’s reality. ER describes ES and how his reality is created. ER has all the benefits of SR/GR. On top, ER solves the Hubble constant tension and 14 other mysteries without weird concepts (cosmic inflation, expanding space, dark energy, non-locality). Tell me: Why do physicists oppose ER?
Gravity and the Riemannian Hypothesis
Authors: Shi Junze
Published: July 2024

Theoretical physics addresses the fundamental principles of nature and the mysteries of the universe. In the last century, the theory of relativity challenged people's understanding of time and space, while quantum mechanics revealed various forms of energy. However, the concept of gravity remains elusive. All matter in the universe is composed of energy that can be converted into other forms, yet it is always conserved. However, achieving a state of equilibrium, represented by the equal sign, can be challenging to achieve on both macro and quantum scales. A phenomenon that can transition from one state to infinity is called collision and is essential for understanding natural phenomena and physical processes throughout the universe. In the study of general relativity cannot be three-dimensional problems to gain mathematical inspiration, understand the application of new dimensions. Here, we elucidate the nature of gravity, which inspires the solution of the Riemann hypothesis. Our results show that the conduction mode of dimensional energy is defined by Euler's formula. And a special mode of collision is derived which translates into vibration.
Resistance Analysis of a Soybean Cultivar Nongqing 28 Against Soybean Cyst Nematode
Authors: Zhou Changjun , Hu Yanfeng , Han Yingpeng , Chen Gang , Liu Bing , Yu Jidong , Wu Yaokun , Li Jianying , Ma Lan , Wei Jian
Published: July 2024

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, is one of the most destructive plant-parasitic nematodes in soybean production worldwide. The use of resistant soybean is the most effective alternative for its management. However, SCN-resistant soybean cultivars with increased yield and favorable agronomic traits remain limited in the market. Here, we developed a new SCN-resistant soybean cultivar Nongqing 28 from the cross the female parent cultivar ‘An 02-318’ × a male parent line F2 (Hei 99-980 × America Xiaoheidou). Resistance evaluation suggested that Nongqing 28 displayed stable resistance to SCN race 3 in pot assays and the 4-year field experiments, including inhibition of SCN development and reduction in female and cyst numbers. The average yield of Nongqing 28 were 2,593 kg/ha and 2,660 kg/ha in the 2-year regional trails and the 1-year production trials, with yield increase of 6.2% and 8.1% compared with the local cultivar Nengfeng 18, respectively. The average seed-fat contents in Nongqing 28 reached 21.26%. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the resistance of Nongqing 28 to SCN infection is involved in pathogen perception and defense activation, such as reactive oxygen species burst, calcium-mediated defense signaling, hormonal signaling, the MAPK signaling cascade, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. In summary, this study provides a detailed characterization of a novel SCN-resistant soybean cultivar with high-oil and yield potential.
Using Contrast Boundary Concentration of LST for Earthquake Approach Assessment in Turkey, 6-8 February 2023
Authors: Nikulin Serhii , Sergieieva Kateryna , Korobko Olga , Kashtan Vita
Published: July 2024

Land surface temperature (LST) variations and anomalies associated with tectonic plate movements are common precursors to earthquakes. Spatially extended and dynamic linear zones of high temperature anomalies at the Earth's surface coinciding with faults in the Earth's crust can be used as a predictor of an approaching earthquake. LST contrast boundary concentration maps are proposed as an indicator for analyzing temperature changes before and after a series of earthquakes. The concentration of LST contrast boundaries is estimated from Landsat 8 data for the East Anatolian Fault zone in the vicinity of epicenters of the destructive earthquakes with magnitudes up to 7.8 Mw on the moment magnitude scale occurred in February 2023. A spatial relationship between earthquake epicenters and the maximum concentration of LST boundaries at azimuths of 0° and 90° was found to strengthen as the earthquake approaches and weaken after it. It was found that 92% of epicenters are located at up to 5 km distance from zones of maximum LST boundary concentration. The found regularity allows to conclude the possibility of using the proposed indicator as additional data for seismic hazard risk assessment.
An Investigation of Lanthanum Recovery from an Aqueous Solution by Adsorption
Authors: Chan Michael , Doan Huu , Dang-Vu Trong
Published: July 2024

Lanthanum (La(III)) is one of the high-demand rare earth elements with applications in various products. However, La(III) in mining waste streams and electronic waste also poses environmental and health concerns. Therefore, recovery of La(III) in the waste is needed. In the present study, adsorption of La(III) with Dowex 50W-X8, Amberchrom50WX4, Amberlyst 15, and Amberchrom 50WX2 was evaluated, using a shaker water bath. Dowex 50W-X8 was found to be the best adsorbent and used to investigate the effect of the shaker speed (RPM=50-150), adsorbent dosage (1.0-4.0 g), pH (2.0-7.0), and temperature (20-40oC) on adsorption. La(III) adsorption was found to increase with the shaker speed, as expected. On the other hand, adsorption capacity decreased with the adsorbent amount. Also, the highest La(III) adsorption was observed at pH = 6.0. La(III) percentage removal didn’t vary significantly with temperature from 20 oC -40oC. However, the first-order kinetic rate constant decreased moderately with increases in temperature. Adsorption of La(III) by Dowex 50-X8 followed the Freundlich isotherm model better than the Langmuir model. In addition, adsorption kinetics was represented well by the first-order kinetic model. Moreover, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy changes were found to be negative, indicating an exothermic and thermodynamically favourable adsorption process.
Evaluation and Optimization of Intelligent Recommendation System Performance with Cloud Resource Automation Compatibility
Authors: Xu Kangming , Zheng Haotian , Zhan Xiaoan , Zhou Shuwen , Niu Kaiyi
Published: July 2024

This paper comprehensively explores the integration of cloud computing and advanced recommendation systems, emphasizing their pivotal roles in enhancing user experiences and operational efficiencies across digital platforms. It reviews the evolution of recommendation algorithms, highlighting their application in diverse domains such as e-commerce and media. The study evaluates the performance of advanced models like UniLLMRec against traditional counterparts using datasets from news and e-commerce domains. Additionally, the paper discusses the infrastructure architecture of cloud computing, demonstrating its capability to support scalable and efficient data processing. Through experimental insights and methodology, the research underscores the transformative impact of cloud technologies on optimizing recommendation system performance, thereby advancing digital engagement and competitiveness.
The Impact of the Information Use Environments (IUEs) and Information
Behavior of People Living with Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) on Participatory Diagnosis and Treatment Programming
Authors: Onye Uriel Uzochukwu
Published: July 2024

This study examined how Information Use Environments (IUEs) influence the information behavior of people living with neglected tropical diseases (PLWNTDs) and how this affects their participation in diagnosis and treatment programs. The author demonstrated that local information use environments (IUEs) significantly impacted the information behavior of people living with neglected tropical diseases (PLWNTDs'), which can be harnessed to improve their involvement in diagnosis and treatment programs. The author compared user-centered and program-centered approaches within common IUEs in remote and impoverished areas, finding that NTDs persist due to a disconnect between program organizers and the affected individuals’ information use environments (IUEs). Data was sourced from published papers, and OpenAI (ChatGPT) was used to generate list of local sources (IUEs) in affected remote communities. The findings indicated that understanding local IUEs can help program organizers enhance participation rates of individuals with NTDs in diagnosis and treatment initiatives.
Archival Opacity on Genocide Perpetrators in Rwanda
Authors: Lingaas Carola
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the methodological challenges of archival research on perpetrators of genocide, especially with regard to the selectivity, accessibility, and availability of perpetrator testimonies in the Genocide Archive of Rwanda, which is primarily a victimary archive, to use Sara Kendall’s term. The discussion extends beyond Rwanda to include reflections on the purpose and focus of post-conflict archives, the silencing or enhancing of perpetrators’ voices in archives, and the impact of archives on transitional justice processes. Archives are not neutral places that present objective facts. Rather, they are sites of power that contain specific narratives about the perpetrators and victims, which can negatively affect reconciliation between groups. Conflicts and genocides are dynamic, and the affected individuals have fluid identities: they can, for example, be victims as well as perpetrators. Do archives mirror these dynamics, and do they allow counter-histories? The article explores the testimonies available in the Genocide Archive, their meta-data, and narratives as well as gaps and omissions. Since archives tell stories and describe places of memorialisation, their policies and content influence how individuals and collectivities remember history – and how they can transition to a peaceful co-existence.
Thompson Versus Judet Techniques for Quadricepsplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Outcomes and Complications
Authors: Gutowski Caroline T , Hedden Kathryn , Johnsen Parker , Dibato John E , Rivera-Pintado Christopher , Graf Kenneth
Published: July 2024

Background:

Quadricepsplasty has been used for over half a century to improve range of motion (ROM) in knees with severe arthrofibrosis. Various surgical techniques for quadricepsplasty exist, including Judet and Thompson, as well as novel minimally invasive approaches. The goal of this review was to compare outcomes between quadricepsplasty techniques for knee contractures.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Available databases were queried for all articles on quadricepsplasty. Outcomes included postoperative ROM, outcome scores, and complication rates. Secondarily, we summarized rehabilitation protocols and descriptions of all modified and novel techniques.

Results:

Thirty-three articles comprising 797 patients were included in final analysis. Thirty-five percent of patients underwent Thompson quadricepsplasty, 36% underwent Judet, and 29% underwent other techniques. After Judet and Thompson quadricepsplasty, patients achieved a mean postoperative active flexion of 92.7° and 106.4°, respectively (p < 0.01). Complication rates after Judet and Thompson were 17% and 24%, respectively. Wound infection was the most frequently recorded complication after Judet, whereas extension lag predominated for Thompson.

Conclusion:

Both the Thompson and Judet quadricepsplasty techniques offer successful treatment options to restore functional knee ROM. Although the Thompson technique resulted in greater postoperative knee flexion compared with the Judet, the difference may be attributable to differences in preoperative flexion and time from injury to quadricepsplasty. Overall, the difference in flexion gained between the 2 techniques is comparable and clinically negligible.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Enhancing Gardenia Leaf Nutrients via Shading, Vermicompost, and Chelated Iron
Authors: Nuftji Zainab Kamal Mustafa , Al -Bakkar Alaa Husein A-Q.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of shading, vermicompost, and chelated iron on the leaf content of certain elements in Gardenia jasminoides plants. Conducted at a private nursery in Erbil during the 2022 agricultural season, the experiment utilized gardenia plants propagated by cuttings and grafted onto one-year-old rootstocks. Over five months (April to October 2022), the effects of two shading levels (0% and 75% direct sunlight), vermicompost application at two levels, and chelated iron application at three levels (0, 0.1, and 0.2 g.L-1) were assessed. Results indicated that 75% shading significantly increased leaf nitrogen (1.72%) and iron content (73.94 mg.kg-1). Vermicompost at 25% significantly enhanced leaf nitrogen (1.75%), phosphorus (0.248%), potassium (1.36%), and iron (67.95 mg.kg-1). Chelated iron at 0.2 g.L-1 markedly improved leaf nitrogen (1.78%), phosphorus (0.256%), potassium (1.28%), and iron (78.45 mg.kg-1). The study utilized one-year-old uniform seedlings, grown in 15-liter pots with river loam soil, and standard care practices were followed. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a 0.05 significance level. The findings suggest that specific shading, organic fertilizer, and chelated iron treatments can significantly enhance the nutrient content of gardenia leaves, potentially improving plant health and growth.
Presidential Threshold in The 2024 Presidential Elections: Implications for The Benefits of Democracy In Indonesia
Authors: Sutopo Umarwan , Basri Achmad Hasan , Rosyidi Hilman
Published: July 2024

Elections are one of the Indonesian people's efforts to elect the best leaders as well as the embodiment of a democratic country. The Presidential Threshold (PT) that applies in the 2024 presidential election (Pilpres) is one of the things that has become a polemic in society. This can be seen in several judicial review processes by the public and groups requesting the abolition of the threshold. With normative research and conceptual and legislative approaches relating to elections in general and presidential elections in particular, this research questions its benefits. The benefit in question is the benefit that returns to the community in particular and the government system that is formed. Through literature study and qualitative analysis, the results showed that the existence of PT contradicts the wrongful benefits and ḍarūrī in the nation's life and democracy. This means the people are limited in choosing presidential and vice-presidential candidates who truly suit their wishes. The nation's best sons and daughters are limited in their rights to nominate themselves as leaders because of the PT. Furthermore, the ruling party has a tremendous opportunity to control the presidential system, both at the legislative and executive levels, and this is undoubtedly contrary to the benefit itself.
Examining Witness Interest: The Obstacles of Testimony in Islamic Jurisprudence and Positive Law
Authors: Prihantoro Hijrian Angga
Published: July 2024

This study compares Islamic jurisprudence and positive law to explore the obstacles of testimony, focusing on the complexity and controversy surrounding witnesses' interests. Employing a legal comparative method, the research examines self-interest in testimony, emphasizing authoritative sources like fiqh books and Jordanian law, shedding light on the concept of self-interest as its primary focus. It highlights the differences between Islamic jurisprudence and contemporary legal frameworks, providing a nuanced understanding of witness actions in legal processes. This research's findings reveal that testimony's self-interest predominantly relates to lineage, siblinghood, marital relationships, hostility, and partisanship. The results show both Islamic jurisprudence and positive law recognize the prohibition of testimony due to self-interests is not absolute; there are many interpretations and exceptions to this restriction, with differences stemming from the reliance on religious texts in Islamic jurisprudence and legal reasoning in positive law. This gap arises from the ability of contemporary law to examine the interests of witnesses from various perspectives and through the use of different evidentiary tools. This research contributes practically that the application of law that is different from what has been formulated by fiqh scholars in Islamic jurisprudence does not necessarily indicate that the legal decision is at odds with Islamic law.
Resilience of Muslimah Sex Workers: Fulfilment of Children's Rights Based on Fiqh Hadhanah and The Child Protection Law
Authors: Rohmah Siti , SJ Fadil , Zuhriah Erfaniah
Published: July 2024

This research study aims to further explore and delve into the resilience efforts of Muslimah sex workers in fulfilling their children's rights as mandated by Hadhanah jurisprudence and the Child Protection Law, which has become a living law in society. This is socio-legal research with a case study in Wisata Karaoke (ex-localization), Suko, Malang, Indonesia. The method of data collection used in this study is in-depth interviews with four muslimah prostitutes who have children, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Muslimah sex workers employ two resilience models in fulfilling their children's rights. The first resilience model involves placing their children in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), considered authoritative childcare institutions. The second resilience model consists of entrusting their children to immediate family members, such as grandparents and aunts, who are perceived to be free from negative influences like promiscuity and alcohol consumption, which are commonly associated with the world of prostitution. Both resilience models are based on mitigation efforts to prevent their children from falling into the same cycle of prostitution as their mothers. This research contributes to becoming new policy material for scholars, government, legislators, and academics in initiating the formation of childcare institutions around ex-localizations as a guarantee of continuity, protection, and fulfillment of the rights of abandoned prostitutes' children.
O despertar da autonomia a partir da mediação na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica: o encantamento do saber
Authors: Watanabe Marcio
Published: July 2024

Este ensaio teórico visa explorar as diversas perspectivas que fomentam a educação profissional e tecnológica orientada para o despertar da autonomia intelectual a partir da mediação e, consequentemente, sinalizar o encantamento do saber dos estudantes. Para tanto, o referencial teórico adotado consiste na teoria da Modificabilidade Cognitiva Estrutural (MCE), de Reuven Feuerstein, com os olhares voltados especificamente à Experiência da Aprendizagem Mediada (EAM), discutidas e analisadas enquanto práticas de ensino e de aprendizagem potencialmente orientadas ao desenvolvimento da autonomia. Num primeiro momento, enfatiza-se a tríade mediador/educador, mediado/sujeito e experiência/objeto, de tal maneira que o objetivo fim seja o desenvolvimento da autonomia intelectual do mediado, para que, posteriormente a presença do mediador/educador não se faça necessária na relação do mediado/experiência ou sujeito/objeto. Nesse sentido, os seguintes critérios de mediação foram analisados e discutidos sob a ótica da autonomia e do prazer em aprender: intencionalidade e reciprocidade; transcendência; mediação do significado; sentimento de competência; percepção do ser humano como entidade modificável; e busca do desafio e do novo. Em suma, ao longo do período de formação na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), o professor desempenha o papel de protagonista na mediação dos estímulos relativos às experiências pedagógicas entre o objeto e o mediado, a fim de maximizar o sentimento de satisfação e motivação intrínseco do estudante, bem como torná-lo cada vez mais autônomo (e protagonista nos processos de aprendizagem) diante dos desafios profissionais e pessoais da contemporaneidade.
Do conceito à prática: construção de um farol marítimo com LED´s e sua aplicação no ensino de Física e Lógica de Programação com Arduíno
Authors: Lombardo Evangelista Fábio , Schwitzki Peretti Gustavo , Seibel dos Santos Kemilly
Published: July 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo relatar a aplicação de uma atividade experimental que relaciona a proporcionalidade dos conceitos fundamentais de resistividade elétrica, área, comprimento, resistência elétrica, diferença de potencial e corrente elétrica. Utilizando figuras e traços desenhados em papel milimetrado por lápis com grafite 6B, que assumiram a função de resistores elétricos para proteger o circuito, construímos um protótipo de farol marítimo com cartolina, incorporando três LEDs controlados por Arduino. Para inserir a lógica de programação, aplicou-se um jogo de blocos confeccionado em papel. Isso permitiu que os estudantes observassem a lógica de programação na automação do circuito. O protótipo do farol marítimo surgiu como uma alternativa para explorar as implicações práticas dos conceitos elétricos estudados. Com o grafite 6B, criaram-se resistores ajustáveis, permitindo a manipulação de variáveis como área, comprimento e resistividade elétrica conforme a deposição de grafite. Os LEDs proporcionaram a visualização dos efeitos causados pelas proporcionalidades existentes entre a resistência e corrente elétrica no circuito. Ao final da aula, um jogo de perguntas e respostas foi implementado para revisar e auxiliar na consolidação dos conceitos trabalhados. Esta abordagem interativa permitiu que os alunos aplicassem os tópicos abordados de maneira desafiadora e estimulante. Este estudo destaca a eficácia de estratégias interdisciplinares e práticas para o ensino de Física, oferecendo uma abordagem inovadora que promove a compreensão abrangente dos princípios elétricos na medida em que mantém o engajamento discente
As funções discursivas da linguagem na Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica: um Estado do Conhecimento em dissertações e teses
Authors: Sabel Eduardo , Costa Crislaine
Published: July 2024

A linguagem desempenha um papel vital na socialização e comunicação de conhecimentos, sendo fundamental também na matemática para representar seus elementos. A Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica, de Raymond Duval, apresenta certas funções discursivas necessárias para a aprendizagem da matemática e seus processos de escrita. Neste sentido, buscando entender como os estudos tem explorado as funções discursivas nas pesquisas brasileiras, este artigo tem o objetivo de: realizar um estado do conhecimento sobre o uso das funções discursivas de Duval em dissertações e teses no Brasil, de 1995 a 2022. Por meio da análise dos 19 trabalhos identificados, concluímos que as funções e operações discursivas tem sido utilizado como referencial teórico-metodológicos nas pesquisas, contribuindo como uma lente para analisar produções escritas e o discurso no contexto da Educação Matemática. Também percebemos que este arcabouço pode ser mais aprofundado nos estudos e ainda suscita mais trabalhos que abordam toda sua complexidade.
Quantitative patterns of visual impairment and recovery in children with brain injury
Authors: Prusky Glen , Mooney Scott , Alam Nazia , Sciarabba Matthew , Sheldon Kieran
Published: July 2024

Brain injury can cause many distinct types of visual impairment in children, but these deficits are difficult to quantify due to co-morbid deficits in communication and cognition. Clinicians must instead rely on low-resolution, subjective judgements of simple reactions to handheld stimuli, which limits treatment potential. We have developed an interactive assessment program called the Visual Ladder, which uses gaze-based responses to intuitive, game-like tasks to address the lack of broad-spectrum quantified data on the visual abilities of children with brain injury. Here, we present detailed metrics on eye movements, field asymmetries, contrast sensitivity, and other critical visual abilities measured longitudinally using the Ladder in hospitalized children with varying types and degrees of brain injury, many of whom were previously considered untestable. Our findings show which abilities are most likely to exhibit recovery and reveal how distinct patterns of task outcomes defined unique diagnostic clusters of visual impairment.
Unravelling Antarctic Coastal Waters: Exploring Marine Biodiversity and Detecting Potential Invasive Species via eDNA Metabarcoding in South Bay, Doumer Island
Authors: Salinas Carla Ximena , Kang Seunghyun , Lee Sook-Young , Ko Young Wook , Jo Euna , Kim Sanghee
Published: July 2024

The average global temperature has increased significantly in recent decades, with no exception for the polar regions, including the Arctic and Antarctica. In Antarctica, this climate change directly affects the Antarctic Peninsula, which experienced significant temperature increases between 1979 and 2019. Doumer Island, located in the Palmer Archipelago of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, has become an important location both as an Antarctic Specially Protected Area 146 and as a witness to the future changing ecosystem, since South Bay of Doumer Island is recognized as one of the global warming hotspots. The use of eDNA metabarcoding has been shown to be a successful approach in accurately capturing the diversity of marine ecosystems. In this study, eDNA analysis was utilized to monitor biodiversity and detect non-native species in South Bay, Doumer Island. Seawater samples were collected from four sampling stations near the Chilean Antarctic scientific base Yelcho (64.9° S, 63.6° W) aboard a boat. We present additional data on the coastal pelagic community for the first time, expanding the biodiversity records of western coastal Antarctica. This includes newly discovered species as well as potential non-native species in South Bay near the Yelcho base. Our results indicate that eDNA analysis is an effective method for assessing marine biodiversity and detecting invasive species. However, the technique has some limitations that need to be addressed. The reference DNA databases for Antarctic species are incomplete, which impedes accurate species identification from eDNA samples. Consequently, further research is necessary to enhance these databases and improve taxonomic descriptions.
Evaluating trends in burnout among American medical students: A decade of distributing the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Medical Students (OLBI-MS)
Authors: Rosen Leah Teresa , Friedman Richard
Published: July 2024

Burnout among physicians is a growing concern, particularly during recent years in the setting of the Covid-19 pandemic. Recently, greater attention has been paid to researching physician burnout and its downstream effects (i.e. depression, suicidality); however, a majority of this research has focused on resident and attending physician populations. Medical students are a similarly vulnerable population, but the literature on medical student burnout is limited. Specifically, there is no existing literature that evaluates the trend of medical student burnout over recent years, particularly since the Covid-19 pandemic—a time when students navigated challenges related to their clinical experiences and virtual coursework. The aim of this study is to better understand the prevalence of feelings of burnout among American medical students, and evaluate the trend since the mid-2010s. Further, this study aims to compare average burnout scores among 2nd and 4th year medical students, to analyze the relationship between academic year and feelings of exhaustion and disengagement. We analyzed national data collected from the American Association of Medical Colleges’ Year Two and Graduation Questionnaire, each of which includes an Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Medical Students. We found that since 2014, levels of reported exhaustion have significantly increased among medical students. We also found that between 2nd and 4th year students, the 4th year students have consistently reported lower levels of burnout than their 2nd year counterparts over time. Finally, we also found that burnout scores peaked among 2nd year medical students at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, and have since trended down. These findings provide an essential understanding of burnout trends among American medical students, and can be utilized to help medical educators plan the timing and objectives of wellness interventions.
DrSbChain: A Snowball-Chain Approach for Detecting Communities in Directed Social Graphs
Authors: Bahl Jayati , Abulaish Muhammad , Bhat Sajid Yousuf
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a heterogeneous technique for detecting communities from social graphs called as DrSbChain. It operates in two phases; wherein, it gathers local information from the graph and processes one node at a time (i.e., seed nodes) in the first phase. It employs simple topological properties of the graph to determine the best neighbors nodes for the seed nodes in the graph and merges them to build a chain, referred to as a snowball-chain inspired by the concept of snowball sampling. In each successive iteration, the chains identified in the previous iteration can be combined to form larger snowballs until all the nodes are covered. Finally, the algorithm’s initial phase yields local communities. The second phase merges the local communities using a merge criteria, resulting in the final set of communities. The novelty of DrSbChain is that it can work on both, directed and undirected social graphs, and detect overlapping as well as disjoint communities by just setting a binary parameter value. The overlapping communities produced by DrSbChain are evaluated using link modularity and overlapping normalized mutual information (ONMI) and compared with several state of the art methods. Based on the empirical results, DrSbChain is found to produce better results for link modularity and at par ONMI values. Also, disjoint communities are evaluated using another parameter called the newman modularity along with the previous two measures. This paper also describes an application of the proposed DrSbChain technique to identify communities based on user check-ins from the location-based social networking site Brightkite that can be prove to be useful for influential node identification.
Exploring pulsar glitches with dipolar supersolids
Authors: Bland Thomas , Ferlaino Francesca , Mannarelli Massimo , Poli Elena , Trabucco Silvia
Published: July 2024

Glitches are sudden spin-up events that interrupt the gradual spin-down of rotating neutron stars. They are believed to arise from the rapid unpinning of vortices in the neutron star inner crust. The analogy between the inner crust of neutron stars and dipolar supersolids allows to investigate glitches. Employing such analogy, we numerically analyze the vortex trapping mechanism and how the matter density distribution influences glitches. These results pave the way for the quantum simulation of celestial bodies in laboratories.
Repositioning randomly selected Drugs as Antidepressants by computational and Invivo methods
Authors: Naveena Palupanuri. , konda Swathi
Published: July 2024

Drug repositioning is also known as drug repurposing, drug refilling. Drug repositioning is one of the most preferred field in current research. The drugs with different adverse effect and the drugs which are shelved can be used for the treatment of other diseases. Thus it helps in finding new therapeutic index for already existing drugs. The main advantage of this drug reposioning is it decreases the investment in drug discovery and optimization, and all the pharmacokinetics studies will be readily available as their profiles are already established. In recent times one of the most useful strategies for repositioning the drug of the therapeutic activity towards other new target is done by computational screening. The deeper knowledge about pathogenesis of depression helps us to develop or discover the new drug moieties through drug repositioning to treat the disease condition of depression. In this study we have selected randomly some available drugs and repurposed them as potent anti depressant agents using Insilico and Invivo studies.
Investigating the Effects and Mechanisms of Thermal Vibration Coupled Stress Relief Treatment on Residual Stress in SiC/Al Composites
Authors: Li Bianhong , Ouyang Wu , Chen Shuguang , Gao Hanjun
Published: July 2024

Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (PRAMCs) often exhibit significant residual stresses after quenching, which can detrimentally impact fatigue life and dimensional stability. Conventional stress relief treatments for aluminum alloys only partially alleviate these residual stresses. In this study, thermal stress relief (TSR), vibratory stress relief (VSR), and thermal-vibratory coupled stress relief (TVSR) treatments were investigated to relieve quenching residual stresses in SiC/Al composites. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of all three treatments in reducing residual stresses, with the greatest stress relief observed in the direction of maximum dynamic stress. Moreover, micro residual stresses obtained from the Macro-micro residual stress finite element (FE) model were analyzed to discuss the variations in stress relief effects. Further optimization of the TVSR process holds promise for effectively mitigating residual stresses in SiC/Al composits.
Atomistic molecular dynamic simulations of polyethylene glycol monododecanoate in water, methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol
Authors: Karinalili Rutheran , Khoiroh Ianatul
Published: July 2024

Polyethylene glycol monododecanoate (PEGMD) is a widely used nonionic surfactant in the industry and this study aims to examine its physicochemical properties in water and organic solvents namely methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol. Simulations were carried out via GROMACS simulation package. A multitude of tests were carried out to evaluate the dihedral angle distribution, radius of gyration, spatial density function (SDF) and solvent accessible surface areas (SAS) calculation. It was found that gyration radius shows that water has the highest degree of compactness followed by methanol, ethanol, and propanol. Dihedral angle distribution instead shows that PEGMD in water exists in three conformations i.e., gauche-, gauche + and trans states while in organic alcohols only in gauche- and gauche + states, albeit at differing population preferences, with methanol being almost equally distributed, ethanol preferring gauche + and propanol gauche-. SDF maps show an irregular, bean-shaped density distribution covering a single PEGMD molecule while the SAS revealed that surface area available for hydrophobic interaction in all four systems exceed that of hydrophilic systems at a ratio of 3:1. Reasons and explanations for the observations are discussed.