bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcome measures used in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Yiou , Yin Meihua , Zhu Shibai , Chen Xi , Zhou Hongru , Qian Wenwei
Published: March 2021

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are being used increasingly in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We conducted a systematic review aimed at identifying psychometrically sound PROMs by appraising their measurement properties. Studies concerning the development and/or evaluation of the measurement properties of PROMs used in a TKA population were systematically retrieved via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. Ratings for methodological quality and measurement properties were conducted according to updated COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology. Of the 155 articles on 34 instruments included, nine PROMs met the minimum requirements for psychometric validation and can be recommended to use as measures of TKA outcome: Oxford Knee Score (OKS); OKS–Activity and Participation Questionnaire (OKS-APQ); 12-item short form Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS-12); KOOS Physical function Short form (KOOS-PS); Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index-Total Knee Replacement function short form (WOMAC-TKR); Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS); Forgotten Joint Score (FJS); Patient’s Knee Implant Performance (PKIP); and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score. The pain and function subscales in WOMAC, as well as the pain, function, and quality of life subscales in KOOS, were validated psychometrically as standalone subscales instead of as whole instruments. However, none of the included PROMs have been validated for all measurement properties. Thus, further studies are still warranted to evaluate those PROMs. Use of the other 25 scales and subscales should be tempered until further studies validate their measurement properties.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(3):203–217.
Simulation for measurement of lightning channel temperature using a dual-band high-precision lightning imaging spectrometer
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Gao Haiyang , Zhu Di , Huang Shangzhang , Zhou Hengtao , Kou Leilei
Published: March 2021

A dual-band high-precision lightning imaging spectrometer (DHLIS) is designed to capture the fine spectrum of transient lightning. DHLIS improves the theoretical spectral resolution limit to

1

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n
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and broadens the spectral range to 30–40 nm by employing double echelle gratings in the arms of a spatial heterodyne spectrometer. Four strong and three fine spectral lines are selected to retrieve the temperature of the lightning channel using the Boltzmann plot method. The experimental results indicate that the inversion accuracy of the temperature obtained by inserting fine spectral lines is higher than that by implementation of four strong spectral lines.
Study on carbapenemase-producing bacteria by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization approach
Authors: Złoch Michał , Pomastowski Paweł , Peer Markus , Sparbier Katrin , Kostrzewa Markus , Buszewski Bogusław
Published: March 2021

The development of new techniques for the detection of carbapenemase activity is of great importance since the increased incident of resistance against carbapenems represents a serious threat to global public health. In this context, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization approach already demonstrated to be a reliable tool for rapid carbapenemase detection. As a newly developed test, there is still a lack of in-depth analysis of its robustness and possible wider application. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the potential for using the design MBT STAR-Carba assay as the pre-characterization method for Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa strains in terms of the produced classes of carbapenemases using modified procedure parameters—various suspension densities and incubation times. Moreover, its usefulness for the in-depth analysis and characterization of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) was tested by applying inhibition assays. In this study, the designed assay proved to be a sensitive tool for the detection of carbapenemase hydrolytic activity, which can be successfully used to partially classify the class of carbapenemase present. Additionally, the use of defined high concentration suspensions would allow to shorten the incubation time to 1 minute for certain strains. Considering that the assay was also suitable to investigate the effect of different inhibitors on the MBL activity, it demonstrates far higher discriminatory potential than only a rapid routine carbapenemase detection tool and could be used as a susceptibility assay.
A comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation of 224 patients with persistent symptoms attributed to presumed tick-bite exposure
Authors: Nilsson Kenneth , Skoog Elisabet , Jones Viktor , Labbé Sandelin Lisa , Björling Christina , Fridenström Ester , Edvinsson Marie , Mårtensson Andreas , Olsen Björn
Published: March 2021

Background

Persistent symptoms attributed to presumed tick-bite exposure constitute an unresolved medical controversy. We evaluated whether Swedish adults who met the criteria for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) exhibited characteristics distinguishable from adults who did not, but who displayed similar symptoms and disease course after suspected previous tick-bite infection (TBI).

Methods and findings

During 2015–2018, 255 patients–referred to the Centre for Vector-borne Infections, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden with symptoms lasting longer than six months–were recruited. Of this group, 224 completed the study. Each patient was examined by an infectious disease specialist and, besides a full medical history, underwent a panel of blood and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory tests including hematological, biochemical, microbiological and immunological analyses, and the RAND-36 scale to measure quality of life. For analysis purposes, patients were divided into five subgroups, of which one represented PTLDS. According to serological results indicating TBI and documented/ reported objective signs of Lyme disease, 85 (38%) patients fulfilled the criteria for PTLDS and were compared with the other 139 (62%) serologically classified patients. In the PTLDS group, erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) was documented/reported in 86% of patients, previous neuroborreliosis in 15%, and acrodermatitis chronica atroficans (ACA) in 3.5%. However, there were no significant differences regarding symptoms, laboratory results or disease course between patients with PTLDS and those without laboratory evidence ofBorreliaexposition. Most reported symptoms were fatigue-related (70%), musculoskeletal (79%), neurological (82%) and neurocognitive (57%). Tick bites were recalled by 74%. The RAND-36 score was significantly below that of the general Swedish population. Signs of immunological/inflammatory reactivity with myositis antibodies were detected in 20% of patients, fibrinogen levels were moderately increased in 21% and elevated rheumatoid factor in 6%.

Conclusions

The PTLDS group did not differ exclusively in any respect from the other subgroups, which either lacked previously documented/reported evidence of borreliosis or even lacked detectable serological signs of exposure to Lyme disease. The results suggest that symptoms often categorized as Chronic-Lyme-Disease (CLD) in the general debate, cannot be uniquely linked to Lyme disease. However, approximately 20% of the total group of patients showed signs of autoimmunity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying causes and mechanisms of PTLDS and there is reason to consider a multifactorial approach.
Genetic differentiation of geographic populations of Rattus tanezumi based on the mitochondrial Cytb gene
Authors: Liu Yingying , Yao Lisi , Ci Ying , Cao Xiaomei , Zhao Minghui , Li Ying , Zhang XiaoLong
Published: March 2021

Rattus tanezumiis a common domestic rat and host of the bubonic plague pathogen in China and Southeast Asia (SEA). The origin, genetic differentiation and dispersal ofR.tanezumihave received increasing attention from researchers. The population genetics ofR.tanezumibased on its mitochondrial cytochrome b gene have been studied to explain the origin, relationships and dispersal of populations. In this study, we captured a total of 229 rats; morphological and molecular biological identification cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) confirmed 131R.tanezumiindividuals collected from 6 provincial areas, and theirCytbgene sequences were analyzed. The results showed that the population in Mohan (MH), Yunnan, had the highest genetic diversity, while that in Ningde (ND), Fujian, had the lowest. Tajima’sDstatistic for all populations was negative and nonsignificant, indicating the possible expansion ofR.tanezumipopulations. Low gene flow occurred between the Zhangmu (ZM)R.tanezumipopulation and other populations, and the genetic differentiation among them was high. Furthermore, our analyses revealed the ZM lineage was the oldest lineage among the groups and diverged ~1.06 Mya, followed by the Luoyang (LY) lineages (~0.51 Mya) and Yunnan lineage (~0.33 Mya). In southeastern Yunnan, the Jinshuihe (JSH) and MH populations were more closely related to the populations in southeastern China (Fuzhou (FZ), ND, Quanzhou (QZ), Nanchang (NC)) and inland areas (Chongqing (CQ), LY) than to those in other areas of Yunnan (Jiegao (JG) and Qingshuihe (QSH)), indicating thatR.tanezumimay have spread from southeastern Yunnan to the interior of China. In summary,R.tanezumimay have originated in ZM and adjacent areas, spread to Yunnan, and then spread from the southeast of Yunnan inland or directly eastward from ZM to inland China.
Recognizing and counting Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (Crustacea: Anostraca) cysts using deep learning
Authors: Astolfi Angelica Christina Melo Nunes , Astolfi Gilberto , Ferreira Maria Gabriela Alves , Centurião Thaynara D’avalo , Clemente Leyzinara Zenteno , de Oliveira Bruno Leonardo Marques Castro , Porto João Vitor de Andrade , Roche Kennedy Francis , Matsubara Edson Takashi , Pistori Hemerson , Soares Mayara Pereira , da Silva William Marcos
Published: March 2021

The Dendrocephalus brasiliensis, a native species from South America, is a freshwater crustacean well explored in conservational and productive activities. Its main characteristics are its rusticity and resistance cysts production, in which the hatching requires a period of dehydration. Independent of the species utilization nature, it is essential to manipulate its cysts, such as the counting using microscopes. Manually counting is a difficult task, prone to errors, and that also very time-consuming. In this paper, we propose an automatized approach for the detection and counting of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis cysts from images captured by a digital microscope. For this purpose, we built the DBrasiliensis dataset, a repository with 246 images containing 5141 cysts of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis. Then, we trained two state-of-the-art object detection methods, YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once) and Faster R-CNN (Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks), on DBrasiliensis dataset in order to compare them under both cyst detection and counting tasks. Experiments showed evidence that YOLOv3 is superior to Faster R-CNN, achieving an accuracy rate of 83,74%, R2 of 0.88, RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of 3.49, and MAE (Mean Absolute Error) of 2.24 on cyst detection and counting. Moreover, we showed that is possible to infer the number of cysts of a substrate, with known weight, by performing the automated counting of some of its samples. In conclusion, the proposed approach using YOLOv3 is adequate to detect and count Dendrocephalus brasiliensis cysts. The DBrasiliensis dataset can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13073240.
Validity and reliability of the Dutch STarT MSK tool in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy
Authors: van den Broek Anke G. , Kloek Corelien J. J. , Pisters Martijn F. , Veenhof Cindy
Published: March 2021

Objective

To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Dutch STarT MSK tool in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy.

Methods

Physiotherapists included patients with musculoskeletal pain, aged 18 years or older. Patients completed a questionnaire at baseline and follow-up at 5 days and 3 months, respectively. Construct validity was assessed by comparing scores of STarT MSK items with reference questionnaires. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to test predefined hypotheses. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by calculating quadratic-weighted kappa coefficients for overall STarT MSK tool scores (range 0–12) and prognostic subgroups (low, medium and high risk). Predictive validity was assessed by calculating relative risk ratios for moderate risk and high risk, both compared with low risk, in their ability to predict persisting disability at 3 months.

Results

In total, 142 patients were included in the analysis. At baseline, 74 patients (52.1%) were categorised as low risk, 64 (45.1%) as medium risk and 4 (2.8%) as high risk. For construct validity, nine of the eleven predefined hypotheses were confirmed. For test-retest reliability, kappa coefficients for the overall tool scores and prognostic subgroups were 0.71 and 0.65, respectively. For predictive validity, relative risk ratios for persisting disability were 2.19 (95% CI: 1.10–4.38) for the medium-risk group and 7.30 (95% CI: 4.11–12.98) for the high-risk group.

Conclusion

The Dutch STarT MSK tool showed a sufficient to good validity and reliability in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy. The sample size for high-risk patients was small (n = 4), which may limit the generalisability of findings for this group. An external validation study with a larger sample of high-risk patients (≥50) is recommended.
Prediction of LncRNA-encoded small peptides in glioma and oligomer channel functional analysis using in silico approaches
Authors: Cao Yipeng , Yang Rui , Lee Imshik , Zhang Wenwen , Sun Jiana , Meng Xiangfei , Wang Wei
Published: March 2021

Glioma is a lethal malignant brain cancer, and many reports have shown that abnormalities in the behavior of water and ion channels play an important role in regulating tumor proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation. Recently, new studies have suggested that some long noncoding RNAs containing small open reading frames can encode small peptides and form oligomers for water or ion regulation. However, because the peptides are difficult to identify, their functional mechanisms are far from being clearly understood. In this study, we used bioinformatics methods to identify and evaluate lncRNAs, which may encode small transmembrane peptides in gliomas. Combining ab initio homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and free energy calculations, we constructed a predictive model and predicted the oligomer channel activity of peptides by identifying the lncRNA ORFs. We found that one key hub lncRNA, namely, DLEU1, which contains two smORFs (ORF1 and ORF8), encodes small peptides that form pentameric channels. The mechanics of water and ion (Na+ and Cl-) transport through this pentameric channel were simulated. The potential mean force of the H2O molecules along the two ORF-encoded peptide channels indicated that the energy barrier was different between ORF1 and ORF8. The ORF1-encoded peptide pentamer acted as a self-assembled water channel but not as an ion channel, and the ORF8 permeated neither ions nor water. This work provides new methods and theoretical support for further elucidation of the function of lncRNA-encoded small peptides and their role in cancer. Additionally, this study provides a theoretical basis for drug development.
Different mechanisms of oxygenator failure and high plasma von Willebrand factor antigen influence success and survival of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Steiger Tamara , Philipp Alois , Hiller Karl-Anton , Müller Thomas , Lubnow Matthias , Lehle Karla
Published: March 2021

Objective

Failure of membrane oxygenator (MO) function of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (VV ECMO) remains problematic. The development of device-induced coagulation disorder (COD) or worsened gas transfer (WGT) necessitates a system exchange. The aim was to correlate von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) with the predisposition to MO failure and mortality.

Methods

Laboratory parameters (inflammation, coagulation) and ECMO-related data from 31 VV ECMO patients were analyzed before and after the first MO exchange. Study groups were identified according to the exchange reasons (COD, WGT) and the extent of vWF:Ag (low, ≤425%; high, >425%).

Results

vWF:Ag remained unchanged after system exchange. High vWF:Ag was associated with systemic endothelial activation of older and obese patients with elevated SOFA score, increased norepinephrine and higher requirement of continuous renal replacement therapy without an effect on MO runtime and mortality. Including the mechanism of MO failure (COD, WGT), various patient group emerged. COD/low vWF:Ag summarized younger and less critically ill patients that benefit mainly from ECMO by a significant improvement of their inflammatory and coagulation status (CRP, D-dimers, fibrinogen) and highest survival rate (91%). Instead, WGT/high vWF:Ag presented older and more obese patients with a two-digit SOFA score, highest norepinephrine, and aggravated gas transfer. They benefited temporarily from system exchange but with worst survival (33%).

Conclusions

vWF:Ag levels alone cannot predict early MO failure and outcome in VV ECMO patients. Probably, the mechanism of clotting disorder in combination with the vWF:Ag level seems to be essential for clot formation within the MO. In addition, vWF:Ag levels allows the identification different patient populations In particular, WGT/high vWF:Ag represented a critically ill population with higher ECMO-associated mortality.
Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) enriched pasta: Physicochemical properties and quality evaluation
Authors: Teterycz Dorota , Sobota Aldona , Przygodzka Dominika , Łysakowska Paulina
Published: March 2021

Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) contain large amounts of nutrients, e.g. protein, dietary fiber, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids, which make them a good fortifying component in food production. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of hemp addition on the physicochemical properties, cooking quality, texture parameters and sensory properties of durum wheat pasta. The samples were fortified with 5–40% of commercially available hemp flour or 2.5–10% of hemp cake obtained from hemp seed oil pressing. Our study showed that the addition of hemp seed raw materials led to an increase in the protein, total dietary fiber (TDF), ash and fat content in the pasta samples. Due to its lower granulation and higher nutritional value, hemp flour was found to be a better raw material for the fortification of pasta than hemp cake. Pasta enriched with hemp flour at the level of 30–40% contains 19.53–28.87% d.m. of protein and 17.02–21.49% d.m. of TDF and according to the EU, a definition can be described as a high-protein and high-fiber products. All enriched pasta samples were also characterized by safe Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) content, and their sensory properties were accepted by consumers.
Calidad de vida en personas con discapacidad grave y muy grave
Authors: Yosela Verdugo Zairena , Torres Valdivieso Claudio Hernán , González José Eduardo
Published: March 2021

En Ecuador nuestro país las personas con discapacidad constituyen un grupo prioritario de atención integral tendiente a mejorar su calidad de vida, la misma que está influenciada por varios factores; siendo el objetivo de este estudio establecer la relación que existe entre la calidad de vida y el grado de discapacidad de las personas con discapacidad en la provincia de Loja para lo cual se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, analítico transversal disponiendo de una muestra de 397 personas con discapacidad grave y muy grave de la provincia de Loja, seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio estratificado. La medición se realizó a través de la escala de calidad de vida para personas con discapacidad GENCAT y para el grado de discapacidad se verificó el carnet de discapacidad. Los datos fueron analizados a partir de proporciones (análisis univariado), a través del X² para medir el poder de asociación, valor de p para la significancia a las relaciones estadísticas (análisis bivariado), y OR para medir el riesgo. Los resultados muestran una prevalencia de mala calidad de vida de 68.78% (IC 95%), mayor en la discapacidad muy grave 72.66% y buena calidad de vida de 31.23% (IC 95%) mayor en la discapacidad grave 41.66%. Al relacionar estas dos variables se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p= .006) y con respecto al riesgo, a mayor grado de discapacidad mayor riesgo presentar mala calidad de vida.
Papel de los Cinco Grandes y del Factor Alfa y Beta de Personalidad en el Bienestar Psicológico y los Síntomas Clínicos
Authors: Gamoneda Larripa José , Ogayar Seiz Jimena , López Mariño Mercedes
Published: March 2021

Uno de los modelos de personalidad más apoyados y utilizados es el modelo Big Five, sin embargo, se ha encontrado nueva evidencia neurológica que parece apoyar el modelo de dos factores llamado Alfa-Beta. Esta investigación fue realizada con el objetivo de conocer qué modelo de personalidad (Big Five o Modelo Alfa-Beta) explica mejor el Bienestar Psicológico y los Síntomas Clínicos. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo con una muestra de 153 estudiantes de 3º y 4º de Psicología, con edades comprendidas entre los 19 y 37 años, a los que se les aplicaron las pruebas SCL-90-R, NEO-PI-R y un cuestionario llamado Funcionamiento Psicológico Positivo. Según los resultados obtenidos se comprueba que Bienestar Psicológico se predice en gran medida por la personalidad (70,5% del Bienestar Psicológico es explicado por el modelo Big Five, en tanto que el 49,2% de esta variable es explicada por el modelo Alfa-Beta, estadísticamente significativo al 5%), mientras que Sintomatología Clínica es explicado en menor medida por esta variable (42,3 % de la Sintomatología Clínica es explicada por el modelo Big Five, en tanto que el 11% de la Sintomatología Clínica es explicada por el modelo Alfa-Beta, con estadísticamente significativo al 5%). Nuestros resultados muestran que el Big Five comprende mayor porcentaje de varianza, tanto de Bienestar como de Sintomatología. Consideramos que sería interesante realizar investigaciones similares con muestras más representativas de la población.
Visualisation of Jenkins Pipelines
Authors: Révész Ádám , Pataki Norbert
Published: March 2021

Continuous Integration (CI) is an essential approach in modern
software engineering. CI tools help merging the recent commits from the
developers, thus the bugs can be realized in an early phase of development
and integration hell can be avoided. Jenkins is the most well-known and
most widely-used CI tool.
Pipelines become first-class citizen in
Jenkins 2. Pipelines consist of stages, such as compiling, building Docker
image, integration testing, etc. However, comprehensive Jenkins pipelines
are hard to see through and understand. In this paper, we argue for a
modern visualisation of Jenkins pipelines. We present our solution for
making Jenkins pipelines comprehensible on the dashboard.
Hol szökellnek a magyar gazellák? – A dinamikusan növekvő kis- és középvállalatok néhány jellemzője
Authors: Némethné Pál Katalin
Published: March 2021

A kis- és középvállalatokról szóló gazdasági hírek leginkább e cégcsoport hátrányos helyzetéről, különféle nehézségeiről szólnak. A magyar sajtóban és gazdaságpolitikában viszonylag kevés figyelmet kapnak a gazelláknak is nevezett dinamikusan növekvő kkv-k, így keveset tudunk arról is, miben különböznek ezek – gazdaság dinamizálása szempontjából döntő jelentőségű – vállalatok a stagnálóktól. A GKI Gazdaságkutató Zrt. kutatása e vállalatcsoport jellemzőinek megismerését tűzte ki célul. A vállalati felmérés azt találta, hogy a keresett különbségek elsősorban a vezetők hosszú távú gondolkodásában, a rendelkezésre álló humán erőforrásban és a magasabb innovativitásban körvonalazhatók.
A percepção discente do projeto pedagógico de um novo curso de Medicina em Minas Gerais
Authors: Negrão Lucas Lima , Batista Cássia Beatriz
Published: March 2021

A proposta de transformação da educação médica preconiza metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem com a participação do estudante na construção do conhecimento. Esse processo de mudança se sustenta nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais, bem como na concepção de saúde como fenômeno social e na consolidação de um sistema de saúde único e de qualidade. Nesse contexto, o curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei/Campus Dom Bosco inicia-se em 2014 com o projeto pedagógico direcionado para a formação de um profissional generalista, humanista, crítico e reflexivo. Nesse sentido, o currículo propõe integração de conteúdos, indissociabilidade entre teoria-prática, novas metodologias de ensino, relação mais próxima entre universidade, serviços de saúde e população, experiências de avaliação integrada e de ensino modular. Diante dessa realidade, iniciamos um estudo qualitativo para investigar a percepção dos discentes do curso de medicina em relação ao projeto pedagógico em vigor. A percepção discente do curso permite não apenas conhecer a proposta pedagógica adotada, mas a vivida, incluindo assim, os estudos sobre o currículo oculto. Adotamos a análise documental como procedimento de pesquisa, mais especificamente, analisamos registros elaborados durante a visita institucional do MEC de acompanhamento da implantação do curso em 2014. As duas primeiras turmas registraram em 36 tarjetas pontos positivos e pontos negativos do curso que foram aqui analisados. O currículo interdisciplinar e integrado, com disciplinas práticas desde o início do curso, com turmas pequenas e professores comprometidos são os pontos positivos destacados. Na percepção dos discentes, os pontos negativos revelaram que a infraestrutura é insuficiente já que não há instalação própria ainda e há pouca preparação do corpo docente diante da nova proposta curricular. Por fim, o currículo é ao mesmo tempo elogiado, apesar de sua aplicação ainda necessitar de aprimoramentos, todavia, sua apropriação por parte de alunos e professores requer tempo e amadurecimentos coletivos.
Capacitações em grupo: um relato de experiência em um programa de extensão
Authors: E Dias Mariana de Moura , Lima Daniela de Souza , Andrade João Vitor , Prates Bhreendda Hari Dy Luar , Guerra Nayara Nantes , De Souza Eliana Carla Gomes
Published: March 2021

O PróVida é um Programa de Extensão, do Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, que desenvolve ações que visam atuar tanto na prevenção como no tratamento de pacientes com câncer. Para isso são desenvolvidas ações como a participação em Feiras de Saúde, visando a prevenção, e a realização de Oficinas Culinárias e o desenvolvimento de ações multidisciplinares junto a Unidades Básicas de Saúde, visando o tratamento paliativo do câncer, com ênfase no aspecto nutricional. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a importância da busca constante por conhecimentos que, no PróVida, vem sendo realizado na forma de capacitações em grupo. Discutir temáticas e ferramentas de ensino relacionadas a importância do cuidado com o paciente com câncer, de forma clara e humana. A necessidade pela realização de capacitações contínuas vem tanto do fato de o conhecimento estar em constante construção, como também pelo fato de o PróVida ser composto por alunos de diferentes níveis acadêmicos e cursos. Sendo assim, mensalmente, os alunos do Programa se reúnem com a finalidade de serem capacitados. Nessas, são discutidas temáticas que envolvem desde o conhecimento científico, através da leitura de artigos, até ações práticas, como a importância e a história dos cuidados paliativos e o conhecimento de instrumentos específicos para avaliação de pacientes com câncer em ambiente hospitalar. As capacitações são realizadas por especialistas e pelos próprios integrantes do Programa, que já vivenciaram o conteúdo abordado em algum momento da vida acadêmica. Além disso, as capacitações são realizadas no formato de uma conversa, o que permite maior clareza na discussão, com maior interatividade entre os discentes e maior consciência sobre a importância de um tratamento humanizado. No primeiro semestre de 2016 foram realizadas 4 capacitações pelo Programa, sendo que em todas houve a exposição de conhecimentos práticos. Dessas, 1 capacitação foi realizada por um membro do grupo e as outras 3 por convidados com experiência na área. Em todas as capacitações acredita-se que a exposição prática permitiu que os participantes do PróVida se motivassem e humanizassem em relação a importância do cuidado do paciente com câncer. Além disso, as discussões permitiram que os alunos do Pró-Vida contassem suas próprias experiências, o que tornou a capacitação ainda mais rica, uma vez que o conhecimento passou a ser construído pelo grupo e não apenas transmitido por um palestrante. A capacitação se destaca como uma ferramenta que possibilita não somente a difusão e o nivelamento de novos conhecimentos, como também a construção de discentes mais humanos e capazes de atuar no tratamento e prevenção do câncer.
Aspectos socioeconômicos relacionados à parasitoses em pré-escolares
Authors: Da Silva Mariane Roberta , Fausto Mariana Costa , Pinto Eliangela Saraiva Oliveira , Fausto Guilherme Costa , Pinto Rogério
Published: March 2021

As parasitoses intestinais representam-se como um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Essas doenças estão relacionadas à más condições higiênicas sanitárias, atingindo principalmente crianças menores de cinco anos, devido a seus hábitos de higiene precários e sua imunidade ainda em desenvolvimento, podendo causar graves complicações físicas e cognitivas. Avaliar os aspectos socioeconômicos e culturais e identificar principais fatores de risco para a ocorrência de parasitoses intestinais em crianças. Realizou-se uma pesquisa com crianças em uma creche municipal situada no município de Viçosa-MG. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado aos pais das crianças. Verificou-se que 48,27% dos pais possuem renda familiar igual a dois salários mínimos e que 41,37% convive com 4 pessoas na família. Além disso, 41,37% possuem animais em casa, 24,13% possuem horta e 3,70% dos participantes relatam não utilizar agua filtrada para o consumo. Em relação aos hábitos alimentares, 77,77% disseram comer verduras cruas e 89,65% não comem carne crua ou mal passada. Quanto ao hábito de andar descalços 44,82% dos pais afirmaram que as crianças sempre o faziam. Para os hábitos de higiene pessoal das crianças, verificou-se que apenas 17,24% lavam as mãos das crianças antes das refeições. Quanto ao controle preventivo de verminoses da família, 65,51% dos entrevistados não possuem o hábito de fazer o controle preventivo. Em relação ao tratamento de verminoses entre as crianças, 72,41% afirmaram que nunca fizeram um tratamento para verminoses e dentre as 27,58% das crianças que fizeram algum tratamento, 42,85% o-fez a mais de um ano. Conclui-se que os fatores de risco para a ocorrência de verminoses, nas famílias das crianças participantes da pesquisa, foi a presença de animais em residência, a deficiência no controle preventivo das verminoses nas crianças, a higiene das mãos inadequadas antes das refeições e o risco direto das crianças por conviverem em ambiente coletivo.
Community Health Behaviors and Geographic Variation in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Survival Among Women
Authors: Holowatyj Andreana N. , Langston Marvin E. , Han Yunan , Viskochil Richard , Perea Jose , Cao Yin , Rogers Charles R. , Lieu Christopher H. , Moore Justin X.
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Despite overall reductions in colorectal cancer (CRC) morbidity and mortality, survival disparities by sex persist among young patients (age <50 years). Our study sought to quantify variance in early-onset CRC survival accounted for by individual/community-level characteristics among a population-based cohort of US women.

METHODS:

Geographic hot spots—counties with high early-onset CRC mortality rates among women—were derived using 3 geospatial autocorrelation approaches with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national mortality data. We identified women (age: 15–49 years) diagnosed with CRC from 1999 to 2016 in the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Patterns of community health behaviors by hot spot classification were assessed by Spearman correlation (ρ). Generalized R
2 values were used to evaluate variance in survival attributed to individual/community-level features.

RESULTS:

Approximately 1 in every 16 contiguous US counties identified as hot spots (191 of 3,108), and 52.9% of hot spot counties (n = 101) were located in the South. Among 28,790 women with early-onset CRC, 13.7% of cases (n = 3,954) resided in hot spot counties. Physical inactivity and fertility were community health behaviors that modestly correlated with hot spot residence among women with early-onset CRC (ρ = 0.21 and ρ = −0.23, respectively; P < 0.01). Together, individual/community-level features accounted for distinct variance patterns in early-onset CRC survival among women (hot spot counties: 33.8%; non–hot spot counties: 34.1%).

DISCUSSION:

Individual/community-level features accounted for approximately one-third of variation in early-onset CRC survival among women and differed between hot spot vs non–hot spot counties. Understanding the impact of community health behaviors—particularly in regions with high early-onset CRC mortality rates—is critical for tailoring strategies to reduce early-onset CRC disparities.
A Comparison of Distillery Stillage Disposal Methods
Authors: Sajbrt V. , Rosol M. , Ditl P.
Published: March 2021

This paper compares the main stillage disposal methods from the point of view of technology, economics and energetics. Attention is paid to the disposal of both solid and liquid phase. Specifically, the following methods are considered: a) livestock feeding, b) combustion of granulated stillages, c) fertilizer production, d) anaerobic digestion with biogas production and e) chemical pretreatment and subsequent secondary treatment. Other disposal techniques mentioned in the literature (electrofenton reaction, electrocoagulation and reverse osmosis) have not been considered, due to their high costs and technological requirements.Energy and economic calculations were carried out for a planned production of 120 m3 of stillage per day in a given distillery. Only specific treatment operating costs (per 1 m3 of stillage) were compared, including operational costs for energy, transport and chemicals. These values were determined for January 31st, 2009. Resulting sequence of cost effectiveness: 1. – chemical pretreatment, 2. – combustion of granulated stillage, 3. – transportation of stillage to a biogas station, 4. – fertilizer production, 5. – livestock feeding. This study found that chemical pretreatment of stillage with secondary treatment (a method developed at the Department of Process Engineering, CTU) was more suitable than the other methods. Also, there are some important technical advantages. Using this method, the total operating costs are approximately 1 150 ??/day, i.e. about 9,5 ??/m3 of stillage. The price of chemicals is the most important item in these costs, representing about 85 % of the total operating costs.
Topics on n-ary Algebraic Structures
Authors: Azcárraga J. A. de , Izquierdo J. M.
Published: March 2021

We review the basic definitions and properties of two types of n-ary structures, the Generalized Lie Algebras (GLA) and the Filippov (≡ n-Lie) algebras (FA), as well as those of their Poisson counterparts, the Generalized Poisson (GPS) and Nambu-Poisson (N-P) structures. We describe the Filippov algebra cohomology complexes relevant for the central extensions and infinitesimal deformations of FAs. It is seen that semisimple FAs do not admit central extensions and, moreover, that they are rigid. This extends Whitehead’s lemma to all n ≥ 2, n = 2 being the original Lie algebra case. Some comments onn-Leibniz algebras are also made.
Higher-Spin Triplet Fields and String Theory
Authors: Sorokin D.
Published: March 2021

We review basic properties of reducible higher-spin multiplets, called triplets, and demonstrate how they naturally appear as part of the spectrum of String Field Theory in the tensionless limit. We show how in the frame-like formulation the triplet fields are endowed with the geometrical meaning of being components of higher-spin vielbeins and connections and present actions describing their free dynamics.
Analysis of Feature Point Distributions for Fast Image Mosaicking Algorithms
Authors: Behrens A. , Röllinger H.
Published: March 2021

In many algorithms the registration of image pairs is done by feature point matching. After the feature detection is performed, all extracted interest points are usually used for the registration process without further feature point distribution analysis. However, in the case of small and sparse sets of feature points of fixed size, suitable for real-time image mosaicking algorithms, a uniform spatial feature distribution across the image becomes relevant. Thus, in this paper we discuss and analyze algorithms which provide different spatial point distributions from a given set of SURF features. The evaluations show that a more uniform spatial distribution of the point matches results in lower image registration errors, and is thus more beneficial for fast image mosaicking algorithms.
Assembly of a Pulmonary Artery Pressure Sensor System
Authors: Müntjes J. , Meine S. , Flach E. , Görtz M. , Hartmann R. , Schmitz-Rode T. , Trieu H. K. , Mokwa W.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents an implantable system for telemonitoring the intravascular pressure in the pulmonary artery. By implanting a catheter-bound pressure and temperature sensor into the pulmonary artery, it is possible to monitor the actual value and the time variations of the intravascular pressure with a frequency of 128 Hz. Thus hospitalization of patients suffering from heart insufficiency can be avoided by early changes in therapy.Preliminary in vivo experiments have been conducted to verify the fixation mechanism and the positioning of the sensor at the right place in the pulmonary artery. It was shown that the proposed fixation mechanism and the packaging of the sensor promise to be stable.
Aharonov-Bohm Effect and the Supersymmetry of Identical Anyons
Authors: Jakubský V.
Published: March 2021

We briefly review the relation between the Aharonov-Bohm effect and the dynamical realization of anyons. We show how the particular symmetries of the Aharonov-Bohm model give rise to the (nonlinear) supersymmetry of the two-body system of identical anyons.
Self-adjoint Extensions of Schrödinger Operators with ?-magnetic Fields on Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Mine T.
Published: March 2021

We consider the magnetic Schr¨odinger operator on a Riemannian manifold M. We assume the magnetic field is given by the sum of a regular field and the Dirac δ measures supported on a discrete set Γ in M. We give a complete characterization of the self-adjoint extensions of the minimal operator, in terms of the boundary conditions. The result is an extension of the former results by Dabrowski-Šťoviček and Exner-Šťoviček-Vytřas.
Pitched Blade Turbine Efficiency at Particle Suspension
Authors: Ceres D. , Jirout T. , Rieger F.
Published: March 2021

Mixing suspensions is a very important hydraulic operation. The pitched six-blade turbine is a widely-used axial-flow impeller. This paper deals with effect relative impeller size and particle content on theefficiency of a pitched six-blade turbine at particle suspension. Two pitched six-blade turbines were used in model measurements of just suspension impeller speed. The ratios of the vessel to agitator diameter D/d were 3 and 4.5. The measurements were carried out in a dish-bottomed vessel 300 mm in diameter. The just suspension impeller speeds were measured using an electrochemical method, and were checked visually. A 2.5 % NaCl water solution was used as the liquid phase, and glass particles with four equivalent diameters between 0.18 and 0.89 mmand volumetric concentration from 2.5 % to 40% were usedasthesolid phase. The criterion values πs=Po√Fr'3(d/D)7 were calculated from the particle suspension and power consumption measurements. The dependencies of πs on particle content cv show that larger agitators are more efficient for higher particle content.
UML-oriented Risk Analysis in Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Jirsa J. , Žáček J.
Published: March 2021

Whenever we want to avoid failures or hazardous events in today’s complex technological systems, it is advisable to carry out appropriate risk management. One of the most important aspects of risk management is the risk analysis process. The aim of this paper is to show a new risk analysis method based on the Unified Modelling Language (UML), which is successfully used in software engineering for describing the problem domain. The paper also includes a small practical example. It also shows a new risk analysis method based on an example of an unreeling process in cable manufacturing.
Non Mechanical (Mezic) Type Forces in the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Šimáně Č.
Published: March 2021

Many authors have attempted to derive the fundamental equations of quantum mechanics from classical hydrodynamics. In the present contribution we presume that the continuous, electrically charged material substance moves simultaneously under the influence of the electric field and at the same time undergoes a diffusion process. This assumption leads to the appearance of non-mechanical (mezic) type forces responsible for inner sources of matter (positive or negative), similar to those whose existence is supposed to exist in relativistic hydrodynamics. We obtained a non-linear differential equation, convertible by linearization to a form coinciding with the Schrödinger equation, as a condition for the establishment of the same steady states with discrete energies.
Cosmology and the Subgroups of Gamma-ray Bursts
Authors: Mészáros A. , Řípa J. , Balázs L. G. , Bagoly Z. , Veres P. , Horváth I.
Published: March 2021

Both short and intermediate gamma-ray bursts are distributed anisotropically in the sky (Mészáros, A. et al. ApJ, 539, 98 (2000), Vavrek, R. et al. MNRAS, 391, 1 741 (2008)). Hence, in the redshift range, where these bursts take place, the cosmological principle is in doubt. It has already been noted that short bursts should be mainly at redshifts smaller than one (Mészáros, A. et al. Gamma-ray burst: Sixth Huntsville Symp., AIP, Vol. 1 133, 483 (2009); Mészáros, A. et al. Baltic Astron., 18, 293 (2009)). Here we show that intermediate bursts should be at redshifts up to three.
Quantized Solitons in the Extended Skyrme-Faddeev Model
Authors: Ferreira L. A. , Kato S. , Sawado N. , Toda K.
Published: March 2021

The construction of axially symmetric soliton solutions with non-zero Hopf topological charges according to a theory known as the extended Skyrme-Faddeev model, was performed in [1]. In this paper we show how masses of glueballs are predicted within this model.
Extensions of Effect Algebra Operations
Authors: Riečanová Z. , Zajac M.
Published: March 2021

We study the set of all positive linear operators densely defined in an infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space. We equip this set with various effect algebraic operations making it a generalized effect algebra. Further, sub-generalized effect algebras and interval effect algebras with respect of these operations are investigated.
Exceptional Points for Nonlinear Schroedinger Equations Describing Bose-Einstein Condensates of Ultracold Atomic Gases
Authors: Wunner G. , Cartarius H. , Koeberle P. , Main J. , Rau S.
Published: March 2021

The coalescence of two eigenfunctions with the same energy eigenvalue is not possible in Hermitian Hamiltonians. It is, however, a phenomenon well known from non-hermitian quantum mechanics. It can appear, e.g., for resonances in open systems, with complex energy eigenvalues. If two eigenvalues of a quantum mechanical system which depends on two or more parameters pass through such a branch point singularity at a critical set of parameters, the point in the parameter space is called an exceptional point. We will demonstrate that exceptional points occur not only for non-hermitean Hamiltonians but also in the nonlinear Schroedinger equations which describe Bose-Einstein condensates, i.e., the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for condensates with a short-range contact interaction, and with additional long-range interactions. Typically, in these condensates the exceptional points are also found to be bifurcation points in parameter space. For condensates with a gravity-like interaction between the atoms, these findings can be confirmed in an analytical way.
3D Surface-based Detection of Pleural Thickenings
Authors: Faltin P. , Chaisaowong K.
Published: March 2021

Pleuramesothelioma is a malignant tumor of the pleura. It evolves from pleural thickenings which are a typical long-term effect of asbestos exposure. A diagnosis is performed by examining CT scans acquired from the patient’s lung. The analysis of the image data is a very time-consuming task and is subject to strong inter- and intra-reader variances. To objectivize the analysis and to speed-up the diagnosis a full automatic system is developed. An essential step in this process is to identify potential thickenings. In this paper we describe the complete system in brief, and then take a closer look on thickening detection. A CT slice based approach is presented here. It is extended by using 3D knowledge of thelung surface which could scarcely have been acquired visually.
Search for a Correlation Between Radio Giant Pulses and VHE Photons of the Crab Pulsar
Authors: Lewandowska N. , Elsäesser D. , Mannheim K.
Published: March 2021

The Crab pulsar is a unique source of pulsar radio emission. Its regular pulse structure is visible over the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to GeV ranges. Among the regular pulses, radio giant pulses (GPs) are known as a special form of pulsar radio emission. Although the Crab pulsar was discovered by its GPs, their origin and emission mechanisms are currently not understood. Within the framework of this report we give a review on radio GPs and present a new idea on how to examine the characteristics of this as yet not understood kind of pulsar emission.
Pi of the Sky Telescopes in Spain and Chile
Authors: Siudek M. , Batsch T. , Castro-Tirado A. J. , Czyrkowski H. , Cwiok M. , Dabrowski R. , Jelínek M. , Kasprowicz G. , Majcher A. , Majczyna A. , Malek K. , Mankiewicz L. , Nawrocki K. , Opiela R. , Piotrowski L. W. , Sokolowski M. , Wawrzaszek R. , Wrochna G. , Zaremba M.
Published: March 2021

Pi of the Sky is a system of robotic telescopes designed for observations of short timescale astrophysical phenomena, e.g. prompt optical GRB emissions. The apparatus is designed to monitor a large fraction of the sky with 12–13 m range and time resolution of the order of 1–10 seconds. In October 2010 the first unit of the new Pi of the Sky detector system was successfully installed in the INTA El Arenosillo Test Centre in Spain. We also moved our prototype detector from Las Campanas Observatory to San Pedro de Atacama Observatory in March 2011. The status and performance of both detectors is presented.