bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced practice nurse case managers improve efforts by US hospitals to address patient social needs
Authors: Feyereisen Scott , Puro Neeraj
Published: November 2023

Aims

US hospitals are focussing more than ever on meeting important patient social needs. Patients often make multiple trips to hospitals related to nonmedical issues that could likely be averted through the increased integration of case management strategies. Although the percentage of hospitals using advanced practice nurses (APNs) in this role is still relatively low, we explore the idea that employing APN case managers improves hospitals' abilities to alleviate hospital overusage.

Design

The study used a cross‐sectional design.

Methods

We used the 2021 American Hospital Association data set, which includes 5855 hospitals, of which 4315 were general medical hospitals.

Results

Using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression, we discovered that employing APN case managers in US acute care hospitals is associated with an increased likelihood that hospitals will implement strategies addressing patient social needs.

Conclusions

When hospitals screen patients for social needs and formulate and implement internal and external strategies designed to meet patient social needs, many stakeholders stand to benefit. Should more hospitals observe such benefits when utilizing an APN case manager model, it will likely proliferate, and demand for APNs could accelerate further.

Impact

Following the reduction in unnecessary patient visits and readmissions, hospitals' scarce resources are freed up to offer timely care to patients that are truly medically in need. Furthermore, financial performance improves under this scenario. APNs play a critical role in enabling hospitals to realize such benefits.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution. We used archival data in this study.
Novel anti‐dandruff shampoo incorporated with ketoconazole‐coated zinc oxide nanoparticles using green tea extract
Authors: Poojary Prerana V. , Sarkar Swohinee , Poojary Adithi Ananda , Mallya Pooja , Selvaraj Raja , Koteshwara Ananthamurthy , Aranjani Jesil Mathew , Lewis Shaila
Published: November 2023

Background

Dandruff caused by Malassezia furfur is a prevailing fungal infection. Although ketoconazole (KTZ) is widely intended for anti‐dandruff treatment, poor solubility, and epidermal permeability limits its use and the marketed KTZ shampoo adversely effects scalp and hair.

Objective

To prepare a novel shampoo loaded with KTZ‐coated zinc oxide nanoparticles using green tea extract and evaluate its antifungal activity.

Methods

The KTZ‐coated zinc oxide nanoparticles was prepared by green synthesis and was characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD, and the drug entrapment efficiency was investigated. The antifungal activity of the nanoparticles with respect to standard drug, KTZ was tested against Malassezia furfur. Further, a novel antidandruff shampoo was developed by incorporating the prepared nanoparticles into the shampoo base.

Results

The formation of KTZ‐coated ZnO nanoparticles was confirmed by UV and FTIR analysis. XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous phase of KTZ in nanoparticles. The drug entrapment efficiency was found to be 91.84%. The prepared nanoparticles showed enhanced activity against Malassezia furfur compared to drug of choice, KTZ (1%). The evaluation of shampoo showed an ideal result.

Conclusion

KTZ‐coated ZnO nanoparticles loaded novel shampoo in comparison to marketed anti‐dandruff shampoo could be an effective alternate for the treatment of dandruff.
Front‐Page News: The Effect of News Positioning on Financial Markets
Authors: FEDYK ANASTASSIA
Published: November 2023

This paper estimates the effect of news positioning on the speed of price discovery, using exogenous variation in prominent (“front‐page”) positioning of news articles on the Bloomberg terminal. Front‐page articles see 240% higher trading volume and 176% larger absolute excess returns during the first 10 minutes after publication than equally important non‐front‐page articles. Overall, the information in front‐page articles is fully incorporated into prices within an hour of publication. The response to non‐front‐page information of similar importance eventually converges but takes more than two days to be fully reflected in prices.
Bacterial microbiota associated with the leaf‐cutting ant Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae): Dynamics during development and potential role in defence
Authors: Valencia‐Giraldo Sandra Milena , Gutiérrez‐Urrego Arturo , Niño‐Castro Andrea , López‐Peña Andrea , Montoya‐Lerma James
Published: November 2023

The biological complexity of leaf‐cutting ants is determined in part by both positive and negative associations with microorganisms. These ants constantly face microorganisms that can compromise workers’ survival and the integrity of their symbiont fungus. The ability to produce antimicrobial compounds within the colony, both by the workers and by associated microorganisms, is an adaptive response that protects against these natural enemies. Atta cephalotes (Linnaeus, 1758) is an ecologically successful species with a great capacity to overcome pathogenic microorganisms. In contrast to the Acromyrmex genus, the evidence suggests that it does not maintain an association with antibiotic‐producing actinobacteria raising the question of whether this species maintains associations with bacterial communities that can potentially protect the colony against prejudicial microorganisms. In this direction, the diversity and composition of the culturable bacterial microbiota associated with A. cephalotes developmental stages were evaluated, as well as their potential to inhibit the growth of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and the mycoparasite Trichoderma sp. Six nests were collected, of which a total of 900 larvae, 900 pupae and 900 adult workers were analysed. Culture‐dependent and molecular methods were used to identify the strains to genus level. To determine differences in bacterial composition in the development stages, analysis of the contribution to dissimilarity (SIMPER) were performed. Seventy‐seven strains corresponding to 18 genera were documented. Acinetobacter was the dominant one. On the other hand, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Serratia and Microbacterium were maintained from the larval to the adult stage. Furthermore, except for Acinetobacter, different strains of these bacterial groups significantly inhibited pathogenic fungi growth. The results suggest the existence of a persistent association of A. cephalotes with strains of these bacterial genera and a potential role in defence at the collective level.
Integrating perceived physical environments and the theory of planned behaviors when explaining adherence to 24‐hour movement guidelines in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Zhang Ru , Zhang Chun‐Qing , Gu Dacheng
Published: November 2023

Purposes

Most adolescents worldwide do not meet 24‐h movement guidelines, which recommend specific level of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep for optimal health. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of understanding regarding how social cognitive and physical environmental factors influence adolescents' compliance with these guidelines. This prospective study aimed to examine the associations between perceived physical environments, constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), habit strength, and adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines in Chinese adolescents over a three‐month period.

Methods

A total of 629 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.59 years, SD = 0.64) completed a set of questionnaires comprising perceived physical environmental characteristics, constructs of the TPB, habit strength, and 24‐h movement behaviors at baseline and 3 months later. Data analysis was conducted using variance‐based structural equation modeling.

Results

Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control had a direct effect on intention and intention had a direct effect on number of the guidelines being met. Habit strength was a significant predictor of adherence to the guidelines, although its moderating effect on the intention–behavior relationship was not significant. Perceived neighborhood facility accessibility, school facility availability, and home physical activity equipment had significant indirect effects on intention through attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. However, constructs of the TPB did not serve as mediators in the relationship between perceived physical environments and the number of guidelines being met.

Conclusion

This study offers preliminary evidence supporting the integration of perceived physical environments and the TPB in predicting adolescents' adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines. Future research should consider using experimental study designs with rigorous measures of 24‐h movement behaviors to establish causal relationships.
A Democracia e o Projeto de Vida Digna
Authors: Dos Santos Thiago Luiz , Chai Cássius Guimarães , Adorno Alberto Manuel Poletti
Published: November 2023

Objetiva-se problematizar a atual situação democrática do Brasil à luz da doutrina da democracia formal de Kelsen e da democracia substancial de Ferrajoli. Portanto, fez-se necessária a interlocução teorética e a compreensão do mito fundador da identidade nacional em Chauí e, no recorte dialógico, o controle deste discurso em Foucault. A hipótese centra-se sobre como a democracia, seja princípio jurídico ou sistema político, permite o posicionamento dos vetores de poder na sociedade e a densificação de direitos fundamentais. Logo, analisou-se a democracia formal em Kelsen e os elementos que caracterizam a existência de uma democracia formal mitigada no Brasil, e como a base teórica de Ferrajoli na ideia da democracia baseada em direitos e o garantismo como método de concretização, desnuda-se o rei, ratificando a percepção política de Chauí. As variáveis ao problema e à hipótese enfrentadas são a existência de uma democracia formal e sua mitigação no Brasil, seja pelo discurso institucional, seja pela mentalidade social brasileira do homem cordial, e a imprescindibilidade da aplicação do garantismo para que o seu povo possa vivê-la substancialmente e em plenitude. Conclui-se que: existe um mito fundador que mascara o autoritarismo e as injustiças sociais brasileiros, fazendo com que se viva uma democracia formal mitigada, impedindo-se experiências de uma melhor vivência democrática; e a necessidade de implementação do garantismo para iniciar o saneamento da democracia nacional, cuja implementação dependerá do engajamento popular em sua (re)construção. A pesquisa foi realizada por aplicação de metodologia de revisão bibliográfica e documental, aproximação crítica-dialética e dedutiva.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Autoritarismo; Democracia formal; Direitos liberais; Direitos sociais; Democracia substancial.
Histórias (In)visíveis
Authors: Damazio Pinto Ferreira Natália
Published: November 2023

As linhas teóricas hegemônicas do direito são construídas a partir de epistemologias eurocentradas, elemento este fundamental para pensar a produção do direito enquanto exclusivamente estatal e, por óbvio, reprodutor dos diversos eixos de dominação que operam de modo imbricado, como raça, classe e gênero, para manter a estrutura de dominação colonial. Neste artigo, partindo do pensamento feminista decolonial, pretende-se propor métodos possíveis de (re)leitura de decisões judiciais a partir de uma perspectiva do Sul. O texto é iniciado por uma análise sobre o pensamento decolonial, suas origens e quais são suas leituras sobre as estruturas de dominação capitalistas. Na segunda parte, tendo em vista que muitos dos movimentos sociais e apoiadores buscam no direito internacional dos direitos humanos um arrefecimento da barbárie racista e patriarcal, será feita uma análise especifica sobre a perspectiva decolonial sobre esta seara. Ao fim, será feita uma proposta metodológica a partir de Ochy Curiel, somadas à inter-historicidade e antropologia por demanda de Segato, situada a partir da ideia de dororidade de Vilma Piedade, para observar se a jurisprudência internacional reifica a invisibilidade das violações estruturais mantidas pela colonialidade ou rompe com seu pacto de silêncio.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: jurisprudências; dororidade; epistemologia por demanda.
Leyendo y escribiendo sentencias como feministas
Authors: Jaramillo Sierra Isabel Cristina
Published: November 2023

Como feministas, nos interesan las sentencias judiciales de muchas maneras. Las sentencias deciden cuestiones que nos importan, construyen mundos en los que vivimos y se usan para enseñar a generaciones de jóvenes qué es lo que nos corresponde. Después de dedicar décadas a reformar las constituciones, las leyes y las convenciones internacionales, finalmente ha llegado el momento de cuestionar la imparcialidad con la que se ha defendido nuestra falta de acceso a la justicia. En este artículo quiero recoger cuatro prácticas feministas relacionadas con las sentencias judiciales: la crítica de los estereotipos, la crítica distributiva, la doctrina feminista y la escritura feminista.

El artículo se divide en tres partes. La primera parte se dedica a dos formas de crítica feminista de las sentencias judiciales: la crítica de estereotipos y la crítica distributiva. Explica los supuestos de los que parten unas y otras en relación con la decisión judicial y proporciona ejemplos de lecturas feministas que se orientan a estos objetivos. La segunda parte presenta dos formas de apropiación feminista de las sentencias: la construcción de doctrina y de sentencias feministas. Plantea los elementos principales de estas prácticas a través de algunos de sus proponentes y los retos de hablar como autoridades en mundos donde todavía somos recién llegadas. Así mismo reflexiona sobre las dificultades de crear metodologías que deben ser aplicadas o usadas por inexpertos en teoría feminista. La tercera parte recoge los principales argumentos presentados y los retos que ellos suponen para la enseñanza legal.
Impacto do Acesso a Dados na Concorrência em Plataformas Digitais
Authors: Hernandez Perez Adriana Azevedo , Portilho Luisa R. , Wilhelm Priscila K. B. , Tito Fabiana
Published: November 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar em que medida o amplo acesso a dados por plataformas dominantes afeta a concorrência no mercado e, em particular, se este acesso reforça suas posições como incumbentes. Para tanto, serão revisadas as teorias econômicas com ênfase em três formas pelas quais o acesso a dados afeta a concorrência, quais sejam: (i) personalização de preços, (ii) recomendações e (iii) customização de produtos e serviços. O artigo conclui com uma discussão sobre a análise antitruste sob a ótica do acesso a dados de dois casos de fusão que envolveram sobreposições horizontais e verticais: o caso internacional ‘Google e FitBit’ (2020) e o caso nacional da fusão entre a Stone e a Linx (2021).
A Proteção dos Direitos dos Trabalhadores pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Porto Rosane Teresinha , Bedin Gilmar Antonio , Taveira Élida Martins de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo científico tem por objetivo analisar a atual proteção dos direitos sociais trabalhistas no âmbito do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, com especial destaque para a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (Corte IDH). O problema de pesquisa consiste em averiguar a atuação da Corte IDH na tutela dos direitos sociais trabalhistas. Após a exposição da importância da Constituição de 1988 no fortalecimento dos direitos laborais no Brasil e realizada uma breve apresentação do surgimento do Sistema Interamericano e de seus principais documentos de proteção dos direitos sociais, analisa-se as deliberações da Corte IDH nos casos e nas opiniões consultivas referentes a temática trabalhista, delimitando-se os standards interamericanos laborais sistematizados nos seguintes eixos: a) proibição da escravidão, da servidão, do trabalho forçado e de práticas análogas à escravidão; b) direitos ao trabalho e a condições de trabalho equitativas e satisfatórias que garantam a segurança, a saúde e a higiene do trabalhador; c) direitos laborais das mulheres; d) direitos sindicais dos trabalhadores; e) impactos das novas tecnologias no mercado de trabalho; f) direitos laborais das pessoas com deficiência. Defende-se que tais standards interamericanos laborais devem ser observados pelos Estados signatários da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos e, particularmente, por aqueles que aceitaram a competência contenciosa da Corte IDH, mediante o exercício da técnica do controle de convencionalidade, sob o norte do princípio pro persona. A pesquisa empreendida é do tipo exploratória, com método de abordagem dedutivo. Quanto aos procedimentos, a pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental.
Desregulação e Reconfiguração do Mundo do Trabalho
Authors: Caetano da Silva Luciana , Pochmann Marcio
Published: November 2023

A inserção da força de trabalho no sistema de produção com vistas a alcançar o pleno emprego e a redução da taxa de desalentados estão entre os maiores desafios do Brasil, posto que elevadas taxas de desemprego desabilitam parte da população ao consumo com reflexos sobre os investimentos privados, criando uma espiral de descenso econômico-desemprego-pobreza-recessão. O rebaixamento do Brasil no PIB mundial e a centralidade da agropecuária e da mineração na pauta de exportação agravaram as condições de trabalho, dada a condição de subordinação e dependência. Com o rebaixamento salarial associado à elevada taxa de desemprego, grande parte da população está desabilitada ao consumo de bens e serviços, pressionando o Estado a fazer compensações através de transferências constitucionais. Mais de 58% da população inserida no mercado de trabalho formal aufere rendimento de até 2 salários mínimos (RAIS / STRAB-MTP). Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a configuração do mercado de trabalho, após o conjunto de alterações na legislação de proteção ao trabalho, sem perder de vista sua posição no mercado internacional e o papel do Estado na redefinição de um projeto de desenvolvimento com melhor alocação de recursos e distribuição mais justa de renda. A pesquisa se apoia nos dados da RAIS e do IBGE/PNADC, além de referenciais teóricos imprescindíveis à compreensão da jornada da classe trabalhadora, desde o surgimento do trabalho assalariado.
Palavras-chave: Novo padrão regulação; Desemprego estrutural; Precarização do trabalho; Escravização moderna.
Poder das justificações às justificações de poder
Authors: Hinz da Silva Rodrigo , Agosta de Vasconcellos Marciele
Published: November 2023

A esfera legislativa da conjuntura política nacional tem sido marcada, em tempos recentes, por processos de desdemocratização. Ainda que os atores políticos respeitem os procedimentos formais na elaboração de novos instrumentos normativos, uma análise qualitativa de certos processos legislativos – do que é ou não feito durante sua tramitação no Congresso Nacional e das razões oficiais e extraoficiais para isso, das temporalidades das etapas desses processos, das pressões externas – permite identificar a existência de déficits na participação política dos destinatários das leis ou na materialização dos direitos sociais. Nesse contexto, tendo como tema a Reforma Trabalhista de 2017 (Lei 13.467/17), propomos empreender uma análise sociológica das controvérsias em torno do processo de tramitação do Projeto de Lei 6.787/16, mobilizando como objeto empírico as críticas formuladas por atores sociais engajados nas disputas públicas no campo jurídico-trabalhista. Para tanto, nosso suporte teórico será a “sociologia da crítica”, de Luc Boltanski, além da noção de “justificação”, de Rainer Forst, com o objetivo de fornecer uma perspectiva analítica complementar aos debates jurídicos acerca dos processos legislativos que engendram transformações normativas do Direito do Trabalho.
Novos Modelos de Contratação e o Sistema Sindical Brasileiro
Authors: Macedo Regiane de Moura , Roberto Batista Flávio
Published: November 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objeto as contradições verificadas entre o atual sistema sindical brasileiro e as novas formas de contratação viabilizadas pelo avanço tecnológico que colocam o paradigma protetivo trabalhista em xeque, sobretudo a uberização. Procura-se evidenciar de que maneira as novas modalidades contratuais que medeiam a compra e venda da força de trabalho representam um salto qualitativo da violência e da ideologia na reprodução das relações sociais capitalistas, o que caracteriza a fase da subsunção hiper-real do trabalho ao capital. Mobilizando o referencial teórico que informa a crítica da forma jurídica, demonstra-se como o direito atravessa o processo de aprofundamento da exploração capitalista, bem como a insuficiência de alternativas de organização sindical e representação dos trabalhadores que se restrinjam ao debate jurídico normativo.
Sviluppo Sostenibile E Transizione Giusta: Il Diritto Del Lavoro Alla Prova Del Limite
Authors: Martelloni Federico
Published: November 2023

L’articolo metta tema i concetti di sviluppo sostenibile e transizione giusta, chiarendo che essi presuppongono, nell’era dell’Antropocene, una trasformazione radicale nel modello di sviluppo, in grado di conciliare la tutela del lavoro e quella dell’ambiente. Dopo aver esaminato le principali tappe dell’evoluzione normativa sovranazionale, l’A. segnala le più rilevanti innovazioni che si sono prodotte, nell’arco dell’ultimo ventennio, nei sistemi giuridici nazionali e regionali. Al contempo, a partire dalle riflessioni di Alain Supiot in tema di giustizia, lavoro e ambiente, l’A. si concentra sulla nozione di “limite”, e individua alcune parole-chiave (rischio, responsabilità e solidarietà) utili a disegnare la cornice nella quale dovrebbero operare le organizzazioni sindacali, le istituzioni e le imprese al fine di promuovere, in modo efficace, una Just transition non più rinviabile.
De Olho na Privacidade
Authors: Holdefer Dionata Luis , Castro Paulo Alexandre Batista de , Vaz Alexander Cambraia Nascimento
Published: November 2023

Com a entrada em vigor da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD) em 2020, tornou-se crucial que os órgãos públicos se adaptem às novas regras e garantam a segurança e privacidade das informações pessoais de cidadãos. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o grau de aderência dos Tribunais de Contas à LGPD. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa e análise bibliográfica e documental, coletando informações em sites oficiais das 33 (trinta e três) Cortes de Contas brasileiras. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa e foram empregados os métodos descritivo e analítico. Os resultados revelam que, apesar de alguns Tribunais de Contas estarem em conformidade quase integral com a LGPD, muitos ainda carecem de medidas efetivas de proteção de dados pessoais, demonstrando a necessidade de aprimoramento das políticas de proteção de dados nos órgãos públicos. Os achados deste estudo podem ser úteis para gestores públicos e tomadores de decisão no sentido de aprimorar as políticas de proteção de dados pessoais, garantindo maior segurança e transparência no uso de informações pessoais por essas instituições.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: privacidade; proteção de dados pessoais; LGPD; Tribunais de Contas.
Self-Preferencing
Authors: A. Salinger Michael
Published: November 2023

When markets at successive or complementary stages are imperfectly competitive, firms that operate at multiple stages typically have a strong incentive to purchase from, sell to, or otherwise coordinate with its own operations at adjacent stations compared with those of individual firms. But, to the extent that such self-preferencing eliminates double marginalization that would occur under vertical separation or otherwise facilitates coordination that is difficult to accomplish between firms, competition rules that discourage self-preferencing, such as restrictions on vertical mergers or integration, can harm consumers. In 2020, the United States Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission issue revised vertical merger guidelines that promised enforcement that more nearly resembles how they review horizontal mergers – that is, by predicting effects on static pricing incentives. But the economics of how vertical mergers on pricing incentives is more complicated than the economics of how horizontal mergers affect pricing incentives. If U.S. enforcement is based on a consumer welfare standard, the U.S. agencies will struggle to find a robust methodology for distinguishing anticompetitive from procompetitive vertical mergers. Self-preferencing has also played a key role in allegations of anticompetitive behavior in technologically advancing industries. A review of past allegations of anticompetitive product innovation against IBM, Microsoft, and Google reveals the challenges in designing rules that limit self-preferencing without acting as a drag on innovation.
Newton–Okounkov bodies and symplectic embeddings into nontoric rational surfaces
Authors: Chaidez Julian , Wormleighton Ben
Published: November 2023

We develop new methods of both constructing and obstructing symplectic embeddings into nontoric rational surfaces using the theory of Newton–Okoukov bodies. Applications include sharp embedding results for concave toric domains into nontoric rational surfaces, and new cases of nonexistence for infinite staircases in the nontoric setting.
Genomic epidemiology of
Acinetobacter baumannii
goes global
Authors: Castillo-Ramírez Santiago
Published: November 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a major public health concern, for which many genomic epidemiology studies have been conducted in the last decade. However, the vast majority of these are local studies focusing on hospitals from one or a few countries. Proper global genomic epidemiology studies are needed if we are to understand the worldwide dissemination of
A. baumannii
clones. In this regard, a recent study published in mBio is a good step forward. Müller et al. (mBio e2260-23, 2023,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02260-23
) sequenced the genomes of 313 carbapenem-resistant
A. baumannii
isolates from over 100 hospitals in almost 50 countries from Africa, Asia, Europe, and The Americas. With this data set the authors provide an updated view of the global distribution of the major international clones and their carbapenemase genes. Future global genomic epidemiology studies can be enhanced by considering not only human but also non-human isolates, and by considering isolates despite their antibiotic resistance profile.
Mid-Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1.37 Ga) anorogenic magmatism in the Dabie orogen, northern Yangtze Craton: Response to the breakup of Columbia
Authors: Jin Wei , Liu Jianhui , Tian Yang , Deng Xin , Xu Daliang , Wang Jing , Qiu Xiaofei
Published: November 2023

It is evident that the Yangtze Craton was involved in the formation and breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. However, due to the scarcity of Mesoproterozoic geological records and reliable paleomagnetic data, little is known about the timing, paleogeographic position, and geological processes of the Yangtze Craton. We conducted detailed geological mapping, petrographic, geochemical, and in situ zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic investigations on newly recognized Mesoproterozoic quartz syenite and monzogranite in the Dabie orogen, northern Yangtze Craton. The results show that the quartz syenite and the monzogranite were emplaced at 1369 ± 12 Ma and 1372 ± 5 Ma, respectively. Both rocks are high in total alkali (K2O + Na2O) content and FeOt/(FeOt + MgO), with elevated diagnostic 10,000*Ga/Al ratios and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y concentrations, and enrichment in light rare earth elements. They are also depleted in heavy rare earth elements with significant negative Eu anomalies but remarkably low Sr, Cr, and Ni contents. These compositions define affinity to A1-type granite. In addition, the quartz syenite displays variable zircon Hf and homogeneous whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions with positive εHf(t) values of +0.7 to +5.7 (average +2.4) and εNd(t) values of −0.1 to +2.5 (average +1.0). In contrast, the monzogranite has homogeneous zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions with negative εHf(t) values of −5.7 to −2.6 (average −4.8) and εNd(t) values of −3.5 to −1.5 (average −2.2). We propose that the quartz syenite was likely generated by the partial melting of juvenile, crust-derived melt with involvement of minor mantle-derived material, while the monzogranite was likely derived from the partial melting of ancient crust in an extensional tectonic regime (e.g., continental rift). Based on the newly recognized ca. 1.37 Ga granitic magmatism and previously reported magmatic events, we argue that the mid-Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1.37 Ga) magmatism in the Yangtze Craton occurred in response to the breakup of Columbia, and represents the separation of the Yangtze Craton from Columbia. Furthermore, according to comparable magmatic and sedimentary events, we propose that the Yangtze Craton, along with central Hainan Island, may have been linked to northwestern Laurentia, southwestern Siberia, and northeastern Australia during 1.6−1.4 Ga.
Thermodynamics of novel scalar–tensor-Born–Infeld black holes
Authors: Dehghani M.
Published: November 2023

Two novel classes of four-dimensional exact black hole (BH) solutions have been obtained in the scalar–tensor (ST) theory which are coupled to Born–Infeld (BI) electrodynamics. To this end, a conformal transformation (CT) has been applied which transforms the action of ST–BI gravity to that of Einstein–dilaton–BI theory. The scalar-coupled BI theory, which has been introduced here, slightly differs from those have been used, previously. The analytical solutions have been obtained in the Einstein frame (EF) and two classes of charged dilatonic BHs, with unusual asymptotic behaviors, have been presented. All the solutions coincide with the corresponding values of Einstein–dilaton–Maxwell theory, in the limit of large BI parameter. By calculating thermodynamic parameters and, noting the Smarr mass relation, we showed that the first law of BH thermodynamics (FLT) is valid for the novel dilatonic BHs. Stability of the BHs has been investigated in EF, making use of the canonical ensemble method and noting the signature of the BH heat capacity (HC). Next, by use of the inverse CT, the solutions of ST theory have been obtained from their EF counterparts. Although, the entropy of ST BHs violates entropy-area law, the thermodynamic and conserved quantities have been obtained noting their conformal invariance property. It has been found that the ST BHs have the same thermodynamic and stability properties as the Einstein–dilaton ones.
Designing an ultra-compact SOI waveguide with a high nonlinear coefficient for generating optical frequency combs and demultiplexing combs
Authors: Alizadeh Mohammad Reza , Olyaee Saeed , Seifouri Mahmood
Published: November 2023

In this paper, an ultra-compact high capability silicon-based waveguide with a high nonlinear coefficient and engineered dispersion was designed for frequency combs generation and demultiplexing of these combs. In the first part of the structure, a silicon waveguide with two zero-dispersion wavelengths, 1552[Formula: see text]nm and 2350[Formula: see text]nm, and a length of 4[Formula: see text]mm was used to generate optical frequency combs using the four-wave mixing method. Considering the high nonlinear coefficient of [Formula: see text] in the waveguide, an input pump power of 500[Formula: see text]mW was applied to the waveguide at near-zero-dispersion wavelengths of 1552[Formula: see text]nm. The output comb spectrum of the waveguide was obtained after the length of 4[Formula: see text]mm with a spectral bandwidth of 400[Formula: see text]nm and a free spectral range of 5[Formula: see text]nm. Additionally, by similar pumping at wavelengths of 1553[Formula: see text]nm and 1555[Formula: see text]nm to this waveguide, optical frequency combs with a free spectral range of 2[Formula: see text]nm and a spectral bandwidth of 150[Formula: see text]nm were obtained. In the second part of the structure, to isolate the optical frequency combs, the given waveguide was expanded to generate an SOI demultiplexer with micro-ring resonator filters, which could separate optical frequency combs with the wavelength of 1555[Formula: see text]nm, 1557[Formula: see text]nm, 1559[Formula: see text]nm, and 1561[Formula: see text]nm due to the selection of suitable values for the radius of the ring resonators. The mean transmission efficiency, spectral bandwidth, and quality factor were obtained to be 99.51%, 0.275[Formula: see text]nm, and 5675, respectively. The channel spacing in the proposed demultiplexer was 2[Formula: see text]nm and the minimum and maximum crosstalk were −36[Formula: see text]dB and −11.3[Formula: see text]dB.
Graphene-integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguide for Kerr nonlinear application
Authors: Hatami Mohsen , Nikoufard Mahmoud , Firouzabadi Mojtaba Dehghani
Published: November 2023

Graphene, with its broadband optical properties and high optical nonlinearity, shows promise as an ultrathin material compatible with CMOS technology for all-optical signal processing in integrated photonics. This paper presents simulation, analysis, and design of a novel graphene-integrated nonlinear hybrid plasmonic waveguide. Finite element simulations study the Kerr nonlinear effect of extra graphene layers. The enhanced nonlinear parameter of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Km[Formula: see text] and nonlinear figure-of-merit (FOM) of 2.10 achieved at 1,550[Formula: see text]nm exceed those of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) hybrid plasmonic waveguides. The proposed graphene-integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) demonstrates high Kerr nonlinearity and FOM, indicating potential for nonlinear all-optical signal processing.
Novel Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Controlled-Release Formulation Promotes Neuroprotection In Vitro
Authors: Perez Isabel , Strauss Elisheva , Vyas Shivani , Schloss Rene S. , Yarmush Martin L.
Published: November 2023

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to a cascade of primary and secondary neurodegenerative events, often causing lifelong disabilities. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potential therapeutic for functional recovery of neurons. Unfortunately, BDNF is unstable and expensive, making direct infusion impractical. Therefore, we sought to develop a controlled release formulation to deliver BDNF. Our therapeutic construct encapsulates BDNF in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs), and further encapsulates these NPs in an alginate hydrogel. Encapsulating BDNF within NPs protects and assists in drug delivery, while further encapsulating the BDNF-NPs in alginate enables localization and sustained release. The BDNF-NPs were synthesized and evaluated for size, stability and BDNF release profile. A MATLAB model was developed to determine the approximate quantity of BDNF-NPs needed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in neurons injured with hydrogen peroxide. We then compared the therapeutic efficacy and BDNF release profile of these BDNF-NPs to our novel alginate/BDNF-NP formulation. We have successfully designed and fabricated a double encapsulation positionally controllable construct that preserves BDNF bioactivity and extends its release. We also demonstrated that very low dosages of BDNF may be equally effective in promoting neuroprotection, thereby potentially reducing therapeutic costs without compromising efficacy. Our novel formulation offers a promising avenue for treating severe TBI and other neurological disorders which would benefit from a long-lasting and positionally controllable neuroprotective treatment. This approach can easily accommodate additional biologics for localized drug delivery with minimal re-formulation.
Bracelet +: Harvesting Leaked RF Energy in VLC with Body Antenna
Authors: Cui Minhao , Wang Qing , Xiong Jie
Published: November 2023

Recent studies show that the transmitters of Visible Light Communication (VLC) - a promising technology for future 6G networks - not only emit visible light signals but also leak RF signals during transmissions. In this work, we aim to harvest energy from these leaked RF signals. We observe that surrounding objects could help harvest significantly more energy. Based on this observation, we design Bracelet+, which involves the human body as part of the antenna to increase the harvested energy. We prototype our antenna as a bracelet that achieves both high harvested power and convenience for wearing. Bracelet+ improves the average harvested energy by 10x more, achieving micro-watt power harvesting and having potential to power up ultra-low-power sensors such as temperature and glucose sensors.
Macro-Finance Models with Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Dou Winston Wei , Fang Xiang , Lo Andrew W. , Uhlig Harald
Published: November 2023

We review macro-finance models featuring nonlinear dynamics that have recently been developed in the literature, including models with funding liquidity constraints, market liquidity frictions, and bank run frictions, and discuss the empirical evidence and challenges of this class of models. We also construct an illustrative model featuring financial frictions and nonlinear dynamics for readers who are unfamiliar with the literature. We solve the model using different solution techniques, including both global and perturbation solution methods, and comprehensively compare the accuracy of these solutions. Within this framework, we highlight that local linearization approximations omit important nonlinear dynamics and yield biased impulse responses.
Tracking a moving visual target in the rhesus monkey: influence of the occurrence frequency of the target path
Authors: Orlando Dessaints Nicolas , Goffart Laurent
Published: November 2023

Following previous studies documenting anticipatory movements, we investigated how the frequency of occurrence of a target path influenced the generation of tracking eye movements. When present, the effects were small. The limited performance that we found suggests that anticipatory responses require preliminary training, in which case, they should not be considered as a behavioral marker of the primates’ ability to extrapolate but the outcome of learning and remembering past experience.
Decoding working memory information from neurons with and without persistent activity in the primate prefrontal cortex
Authors: Thrower Lilianna , Dang Wenhao , Jaffe Rye G. , Sun Jasmine D. , Constantinidis Christos
Published: November 2023

Competing theories suggest that neurons that generate persistent activity or do not are primarily responsible for the maintenance of information, particularly regarding object working memory. Although the two models have been debated on theoretical terms, direct comparison of empirical results has been lacking. Analysis of neural activity in a large database of prefrontal recordings revealed that neurons that generate persistent activity were primarily responsible for the maintenance of both spatial and object working memory.
Changes in EEG alpha-band power during prehension indicates neural motor drive inhibition
Authors: Ortiz Oscar , Kuruganti Usha , Chester Victoria , Wilson Adam , Blustein Daniel
Published: November 2023

We demonstrated that alpha suppression, an EEG phenomenon with high temporal resolution, occurs over the primary sensorimotor area during error correction during lift movements. Interpretations of alpha activity are often attributed to high cognitive demands, thus recognizing that it is also influenced by motor processes is important in situations where cognitive demands are paired with movement errors. This could further have application as a biomarker for error correction in human-machine interfaces, such as neuroprostheses.
Secure Two-Party Decision Tree Classification Based on Function Secret Sharing
Authors: Liu Kun , Tang Chunming
Published: November 2023

Decision tree models are widely used for classification tasks in data mining. However, privacy becomes a significant concern when training data contain sensitive information from different parties. This paper proposes a novel framework for secure two-party decision tree classification that enables collaborative training and evaluation without leaking sensitive data. The critical techniques employed include homomorphic encryption, function secret sharing (FSS), and a custom secure comparison protocol. Homomorphic encryption allows computations on ciphertexts, enabling parties to evaluate an encrypted decision tree model jointly. FSS splits functions into secret shares to hide sensitive intermediate values. The comparison protocol leverages FSS to securely compare attribute values to node thresholds for tree traversal, reducing overhead through efficient cryptographic techniques. Our framework divides computation between two servers holding private data. A privacy-preserving protocol lets them jointly construct a decision tree classifier without revealing their respective inputs. The servers encrypt their data and exchange function secret shares to traverse the tree and obtain the classification result. Rigorous security proofs demonstrate that the protocol protects data confidentiality in a semihonest model. Experiments on benchmark datasets confirm that the approach achieves high accuracy with reasonable computation and communication costs. The techniques minimize accuracy loss and latency compared to prior protocols. Overall, the paper delivers an efficient, modular framework for practical two-party secure decision tree evaluation that advances the capability of privacy-preserving machine learning.
An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Mikias , Kebede Firew , Yohannes Tamene
Published: November 2023

The study was conducted to investigate and document medicinal plants and associated knowledge on the utilization, management, preparation, and way of administration of the medicinal plant resources in Ensaro district, north Shewa zone, Ethiopia. A total of 100 informants were sampled from four study sites, and questionnaire surveys, semistructured interviews, ranking, and transect walk techniques were employed for data collection in midland, lowland, and highland agroecology and natural forests, riverine forests, and farmlands. Vast sources of the traditional healing knowledge of plant species conveyed from one generation to the next by word of mouth were from a family. A total of 101 medicinal plant species were identified from the study site, which belong to 95 genera and 49 families. These medicinal plants are used to treat about 35 types of human ailments. Families Fabaceae and Poaceae were represented by the highest number of medicinal plant species, followed by the Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Euphorbiaceae species. Out of the total medicinal plants’ species, 46.53% were herbs and 33.66% were shrubs. Most of them have medicinal properties in their leaf, root, seed, bark, stem, latex, sap seed, and fruits. Medicine from these plant parts is prepared in fresh, dried, and both fresh and dried states. The highest informant consensus was documented for the plant Ocimum lamiifolium used by 75% of informants for its medicinal value in treating fibril illness. Cucumis ficifolius and Eucalyptus globules are used by 41% and 39% of informants ranking second and third, respectively, for their medicinal value. This study revealed that indigenous knowledge of traditional medicine is still popular among local communities in the study area. The conservation strategy practiced by local people is not enough to tackle the erosion of plant species from their habitats. Thus, the conservation of these plants and the associated knowledge base is very essential.
Influence of Curing Time and Initial Moisture Content on Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer-Stabilized Soft Soil
Authors: Wassie Tadesse A. , Demir Gökhan , Köktan Utku
Published: November 2023

This study thoroughly investigated the impact of initial moisture content and curing time on metakaolin (MK)-based geopolymer stabilized soft soil. The stabilized soft soil was characterized with an unconfined compressive strength test, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and compaction test. The geopolymer was used at different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15% of the dry weight of the soil), and the soft soil was prepared at its initial moisture content, which ranges from 0.75 LL to 1.25 LL. The results of the test indicate that there was an increase in yield stress at low initial moisture content. Conversely, the yield stress experienced a decrease at high initial moisture content. Furthermore, the strength of geopolymer-stabilized soil increased as the curing time increased, regardless of the binder and initial moisture contents. The microstructure analysis confirmed that the stabilized soil had a denser microstructure, the formation of homogeneous gel, and fewer microcracks and pores. As the automatic compaction test revealed, the maximum dry density increased at higher binder contents while the optimum moisture content decreased. This research demonstrates that stabilizers made with metakaolin can efficiently stabilize soft soils. It is worthwhile to conduct further studies on the durability, shear tests, and cost of using geopolymer for soil stabilization under varying environmental conditions.
Supp. Figure 6 from Parkin Deficiency Suppresses Antigen Presentation to Promote Tumor Immune Evasion and Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Perales-Linares Renzo , Leli Nektaria Maria , Mohei Hesham , Beghi Silvia , Rivera Osvaldo D. , Kostopoulos Nektarios , Giglio Andrea , George Subin S. , Uribe-Herranz Mireia , Costabile Francesca , Pierini Stefano , Pustylnikov Sergei , Skoufos Giorgos , Barash Yoseph , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis G. , Koumenis Constantinos , Maity Amit , Lotze Michael T. , Facciabene Andrea
Published: November 2023

Figure S6
Supp. Figure 4 from Parkin Deficiency Suppresses Antigen Presentation to Promote Tumor Immune Evasion and Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Perales-Linares Renzo , Leli Nektaria Maria , Mohei Hesham , Beghi Silvia , Rivera Osvaldo D. , Kostopoulos Nektarios , Giglio Andrea , George Subin S. , Uribe-Herranz Mireia , Costabile Francesca , Pierini Stefano , Pustylnikov Sergei , Skoufos Giorgos , Barash Yoseph , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis G. , Koumenis Constantinos , Maity Amit , Lotze Michael T. , Facciabene Andrea
Published: November 2023

Figure S4
Supp. Figure 2 from Parkin Deficiency Suppresses Antigen Presentation to Promote Tumor Immune Evasion and Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Perales-Linares Renzo , Leli Nektaria Maria , Mohei Hesham , Beghi Silvia , Rivera Osvaldo D. , Kostopoulos Nektarios , Giglio Andrea , George Subin S. , Uribe-Herranz Mireia , Costabile Francesca , Pierini Stefano , Pustylnikov Sergei , Skoufos Giorgos , Barash Yoseph , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis G. , Koumenis Constantinos , Maity Amit , Lotze Michael T. , Facciabene Andrea
Published: November 2023

Figure S2
Supplementary Figures from Targeting BCL6 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Promotes p53-Mediated Apoptosis to Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Imatinib
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Zhao Fei , Jia Jie , Ma Xianxiong , Jiang Qi , Zhang Ruizhi , Li Chengguo , Wang Tao , Liu Weizhen , Hao Yalan , Tao Kaixiong , Lou Zhenkun , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2023

Supplementary Figures
Supplemental Materials and Methods from Targeting BCL6 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Promotes p53-Mediated Apoptosis to Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Imatinib
Authors: Zeng Xiangyu , Zhao Fei , Jia Jie , Ma Xianxiong , Jiang Qi , Zhang Ruizhi , Li Chengguo , Wang Tao , Liu Weizhen , Hao Yalan , Tao Kaixiong , Lou Zhenkun , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2023

Supplemental Materials and Methods