bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19: parteaguas para el Orden Mundial del siglo XXI
Authors: Noguez-Tinoco Isaías G.
Published: June 2021

This is the first compendium to review, from a multidisciplinary perspective, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international relations. It is integrated from specialized collaborations on geopolitics, economics, and health. A book to reflect on the health crisis, its effects, and the challenges it will bring to the way the world is governed in the 21st century.
Apunte geológico de la zona geotérmica de Pathé, Hidalgo ? nuevos datos y revisión histórica a partir de fuentes documentales
Authors: Canet Miquel Carlos , Franco Sara I. , Morelos Rodríguez Lucero , Rajabi Abdorahman , Núñez Useche Fernando
Published: June 2021

La zona geotérmica de Pathé, en el sector oriental de la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana, ha atraído la atención de exploradores y científicos desde finales del siglo XVIII. El ingeniero de minas alemán Joseph Burkart (1798-1870), discípulo de Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859), elaboró en 1836 una detallada descripción geológica de la zona, gracias a la cual esta zona geotérmica fue la primera en México en investigarse bajo los paradigmas de la ciencia moderna. A inicios del siglo XX la zona fue estudiada por el ingeniero José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano (1857-1941), quien en 1907 describió las rocas eruptivas y sus productos de alteración. Su interés eran los yacimientos de caolín de Yexthó, situados a un km de las manifestaciones de termales. A mediados de siglo la zona ya se prospectaba como fuente de energía geotérmica, lo que culminó en la primera planta geotermoeléctrica del continente americano, en operación entre 1959 y 1972 con una capacidad nominal de 3.5 MW.

Las manifestaciones termales de Pathé se ubican en la intersección de dos sistemas regionales de fallas, de dirección N-S y E-W, y están encajonadas en una unidad volcánica (toba y lava) de composición básica a intermedia y edad Mioceno superior. Las alteraciones hidrotermales superficiales son conspicuas y su distribución está igualmente controlada por fallas pertenecientes a ambos sistemas. Asociada a las fallas N-S ocurre la asociación de alteración calcita-yeso, que involucra fluidos oxidados y alcalinos. Por otro lado, ligados a las fallas E-W ?más tardías? se hallan los depósitos de caolín, producto de una alteración argílica avanzada, característica de zonas de condensación de vapor. Las condiciones del fluido indicadas por esta alteración son un pH muy ácido (2–3) y temperaturas cercanas a los 100 °C. Por su clara asociación con las fallas, así como por la ausencia de vulcanismo reciente (Cuaternario) cercano, Pathé se clasifica como un sistema geotérmico convectivo controlado por fallas. La sucesión de eventos de alteración sugiere que la actividad hidrotermal inició desde antes del Plioceno.
Isolation and Characterization of Contaminant Mycoflora from Stored Red Peppers
Authors: Darsana R. , Chandrasehar G.
Published: June 2021

Red pepper is a spice vulnerable to fungal growth and mycotoxin contamination while in the field and post-harvest during storage. Storage fungi are omnipresent and colonize fast when moisture levels go up, ultimately leading to mycotoxin production. Stored samples of the whole, crushed and ground red pepper in the Southern Indian States and Maharashtra, India were examined to isolate and characterize the prevalent contaminant fungal species. The average moisture content was below 10% for all the red pepper samples and the average total fungal load was less than 1×104 CFU/g. Crushed red pepper showed higher fungal counts than ground and whole red pepper. The identified contaminant mycoflora belonged to the group; Aspergillus, Eurotium sp., Cladosporium sp., Eupenicillium sp., Penicillium sp., Miscellaneous fungi, Neosartorya sp., Curvularia sp., and Hyphopichia sp. Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus was present only in 8.3% of the crushed and 2.54% of whole red pepper samples stored for more than two months.
Formação de mediadores no Parque Rocha Moutonnée (Salto-SP, Brasil) por meio da metodologia de pesquisa-ação
Authors: Zambon Barbosa Aragão Thayse , de Mendonça Figueirôa Silvia Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Esta Pesquisa-Ação, realizada no Parque Rocha Moutonnée, Salto-SP, Brasil, teve como objetivo geral identificar quais fatores influenciaram positiva e negativamente a ação dos mediadores na busca por objetivos comuns. A partir de observação, registros escritos e entrevistas com monitores do Parque, desenvolvemos a tese de que a emancipação e autonomia, em perspectiva democrática no trabalho, aprimoram a atuação do monitor, pois sua prática cotidiana é diversificada e demanda liberdade para criação e reflexão. Trocas entre pares e as reflexões regulares sobre as ações, nos espaços oferecidos pela administração das instituições, foram as mais relevantes para alcançar os objetivos da mediação.
Una reflexión acerca de los Museos y Centros de Ciencia en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Hernández-Arellano María Yazmín , Sánchez-Mora María del Carmen , Aguilera-Jiménez Patricia
Published: June 2021

El año 2020 se recordará por la pandemia de COVID-19 que a su paso trastocó sectores como el cultural y científico. Una de las consecuencias fue el cierre al público de los Museos y Centros de Ciencia, los cuales reaccionaron de forma inmediata y continuaron su labor a través de internet. En este ensayo se reflexiona sobre la reapertura, en el futuro, de los Museos y Centros de Ciencia. Estos, ante una nueva realidad, enfrentarán retos mayúsculos, por ejemplo, la brecha digital en el mundo y, sobre todo, “el tocar”, lo cual se ha vuelto un riesgo sanitario.
Información sobre eventos sísmicos no destructivos como una oportunidad para la alfabetización científica
Authors: Mescua José Francisco , Spagnotto Silvana , Giambiagi Laura
Published: June 2021

Los eventos sísmicos no destructivos son una oportunidad para la alfabetización científica de la población, y pueden contribuir a la resiliencia de la sociedad frente al peligro natural que representa la sismicidad. Para evaluar cómo se transmite esta información, tomamos como caso de estudio 231 notas publicadas en medios locales de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina. Observamos que no siempre presentan la información completa necesaria para caracterizar el evento sísmico, y en ocasiones presentan la información de manera confusa. Con el fin de mejorar la comprensión de la información publicada, presentamos una lista de los parámetros que deben incluirse: (1) ubicación del epicentro, (2) magnitud, (3) profundidad, (4) fuente de la información, y (5) intensidades, en el caso de sismos sentidos. Discutimos brevemente la importancia de cada uno de estos parámetros para una mejor comprensión del peligro sísmico.
Student assessments of the higher education (on the example of the monitoring survey of the MPEI graduates)
Authors: Ivleva M. L. , Kurilov S. N. , Dagtcmaa Baldo
Published: June 2021

The authors make an attempt of solving the task of providing the students with a possibility to assess the quality of the organization and content of the higher education. The authors consider the Russian and Western practices of engaging students in such assessing activities as one of their main actors. The article identifies the most common forms of student participation in ensuring the quality of education, some of its problem areas and unused resources. Thus, the basic form of student participation in evaluation and control activities in the university is to fill out various questionnaires in order to express their assessments and opinions about the courses taken during the training period. The authors considered some relevant practices of foreign and Russian universities, in particular, the experience of the RUDN University, North-Eastern Federal University, Institute of Quality Student Commissioners of the Kemerovo branch of the RSTEU, and the Center for Applied Sociological Research of the MPEI. The article presents the results of the sociological study of opinions and assessments of the MPEI graduates in technical and social-humanitarian areas, which was conducted in 2017-2019 on the issues of basic and professional training. The monitoring study revealed a number of factors that affect the quality of practical training at the university, which allowed the authors to identify the key problems of marketing educational services by the contemporary university and to show the need to study the issues of self-realization of graduates, their demand in the labor market, and to search for new criteria for assessing the quality of higher education. The authors believe that we need a new ideology of quality management in the higher education, and propose some conditions and measures that would ensure the high quality of the higher education in Russia.
Rural-urban migration on the Crimean Peninsula
Authors: Gusakov T. Yu.
Published: June 2021

Despite the wide popularity of the Crimean region, its scientific descriptions are full of gaps. In the Soviet period, the research was limited by the unspoken prohibitions on the study of social processes and by the absence of a strong scientific school. After the collapse of the USSR, the Crimean region was considered only in the works on social aspects of migration and on artificial transformations of the ethnic-confessional composition of the population. The change in the status of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 made this region interesting for the Russian science: there are many recent articles on the features of the social-economic development of the peninsula, but a number of issues in the life of Crimea are still poorly understood. One of them is the migration on the peninsula: the historical ethnic migrations are sufficiently described but not the contemporary population movements. Historically, migration processes have played an important role in the social-economic development of Crimea. However, until recently, external migrations were the driver of this development, while since the beginning of the 21st century, migration movements within the peninsula have played this role, and their features should be taken into account in planning and financing the rural development. Rural areas of Crimea remain agrarian-overpopulated; therefore, it is necessary to identify areas promising for capital investment and areas that soon will be depopulated due to the lack of opportunities for human and social capital. The author considers the population exchange between urban and rural areas as an important factor for the demographic situation, and focuses on the reasons and features of the spatial mobility and migration of the Crimean population based on the analysis of statistical data and transport links between the city and the countryside.
New villagers: motives and factors for moving from urban to rural areas
Authors: Ovchintseva L. A.
Published: June 2021

In developed countries, along with urbanization, the opposite process - ruralization or deurbanization - is becoming increasingly noticeable. Ruralization is not only the movement of townspeople to the countryside, but also the development of villages and the increasing importance of rural areas as a place to live and work. Townspeople make the decision to move by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of living in urban and rural areas, and non-economic motives (the desire to get closer to nature, to find ones roots, to live in silence, without haste, to eat natural products, etc.) play an important role in this decision. Among economic motives, the difference in the cost of urban and rural real estate and of life in general is the most important motive, i.e., families, especially young and large, can improve their living conditions by moving to the countryside. The study, the results of which are presented in the article, aimed at identifying those groups of townspeople that tend to resettlement, their motives, and factors pushing people to leave cities and facilitating/hindering resettlement to rural areas. The research is based on the study of special literature on the topic and on the data of the survey of resettled townspeople and experts in ruralization. Unlike most publications on ruralization, the author focuses on the positive aspects of the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside and insists on the removal of administrative barriers that prevent ruralization, because the resettlement of townspeople to the countryside does not have a negative impact on the city and is compensated by the influx of people from the countryside, who want to get education or a new profession.
Comparing languages and cultures: Parametrization of analytic criteria
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara
Published: June 2021

The focus of the paper is to present arguments in favour of a complex set of areas of reference in cross-linguistic analyses of meanings, aimed in particular at the identification of a set of relevant analytic criteria to perform such a comparison. The arguments are based on lexicographic and corpus linguistic data and specifically on the polysemic concept of integrity in English and its lexical counterparts in Polish. It is generally assumed in Cognitive Linguistics, which is taken as the basic framework of the present study, that meanings, which are defined as convention-based conceptualizations, are not discrete entities, fully determined, even in fuller context but rather they are dynamic conventional conceptualizations[13]. Therefore, it is considered essential to identify first their basic, prototypical senses and then their broad meanings , which include, apart from the core part, their contextual, culture-specific, and connotational properties, defined in terms of a parametrized set of semasiological as well as onomasiological properties. The study methodology has also been adjusted towards this multifocused analysis of linguistic forms and considers the interdisciplinary - linguistic, psychological, cultural and social domains to identify the cultural conceptualizations of the analysed forms. In the present case a cognitive corpus-based analysis in monolinguistic English contexts and in the English-to-Polish and Polish-to-English translation data of lexicographic and parallel corpus materials, as well as cultural dimensions will be exemplified to conclude with a parametrized system of cognitive cross-linguistic tertia comparationis to more fully determine their broad linguistic meanings.
“No” and “net” as response tokens in English and Russian business discourse: In search of a functional equivalence
Authors: Malyuga Elena N. , McCarthy Michael
Published: June 2021

The literature on English suggests that turn-initial no fulfils a variety of discourse-pragmatic functions beyond its use as a negative response to polar questions. We cannot assume that the same range or distribution of functions is realised by its nearest Russian equivalent, net . Hence, investigating the contrasts and similarities in the nomenclature and distribution of functions of no and net should pose an important research problem for various discourses, and especially for business discourse with its focus on goal-orientation and productive interpersonal relations requiring adequate interlingual interaction. The study examines how no and net occur in two corpora of spoken business/professional discourse in order to establish their functional comparability and reveal the differences in their use. The article draws on data from the Cambridge and Nottingham Spoken Business English Corpus and the Russian National Corpus analysed using a combination of corpus linguistics, conversation analysis and discourse analytical approaches. Study results show some overlap between the functions of the response particles in English and Russian, and some differences. The findings suggest that no / net display a number of functions connected with conversational continuity, topic management, turn-taking and hedging. The distribution and functions of no/net in the English and Russian data are similar, with the Russian data showing a preference for floor-grabbing no -initiated turns. Translation equivalence is not always fully applicable between no and net . A mixed methodology generates results which suggest that fruitful insights can be gained from English and Russian corpus data. The issues of the use of no and нет in English and Russian business discourses can be further investigated using the suggested data and conclusions.
Analyzing Web Site Performance between Edge Computing and Cloud Computing
Authors: Hendricks Waldon
Published: June 2021

Developments such as the Internet of Things and how it integrates with
cloud computing statistics show that latency is one of the issues that
is inconsistent. Having more devices connect to the internet every year
brought about a newer technology called Edge computing. This study aims
to prove that Edge computing that brings computing resources closer to
the edge of the network, improves latency. The method used for this
research was that of an experiment. Analyzing the latency figures
between Edge and Cloud computing is the purpose of this study, by making
use of 2 hosted services, hosting a web site that will be load tested to
provide the latency figures. Edge computing proved through the
statistics to be more beneficial in improving latency. Due to time
constraints, virtual users and hosted services were used.
The use of an Online Student Query System using an ITIL approach at CPUT, Department of Information Technology
Authors: Hendricks Waldon
Published: June 2021

Student’s queries play a significant role in improving the service delivery for IT students at CPUT Department of Information Technology. It is imperative to know how to handle student requests efficiently. Currently student’s lodge their complaints, selecting from a list of topics their query gets captured, the student query might not get addressed on time or in a certain time frame to support ITIL-based continual service improvement. This study will look at implementing the key service-level processes of ITIL and discuss how to integrate it successfully.
Progressive Relaxation Training in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: BAHÇACI UMUT , Uysal Songül Atasavun , İyigün Zeynep Erdoğan , Ordu Çetin , Soybir Gürsel Remzi , Özmen Vahit
Published: June 2021

Background Aromatase inhibitors (AI) have positive effects on
disease-free life in patients with Breast Cancer (BC); on the other
hand, their side effects especially arthralgia can be observed in many
of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of
Progressive Relaxation Exercises (PRE) on the common side effects of AI
in patients with BC. Methods A total of 44 patients receiving AI were
allocated to the study and control groups in this randomized controlled,
single-blind trial. The study group (n=22) performed a combined (one-day
supervised, and 3 days home-based) PRE program 4 days/week, for six
weeks. The control group (n=22) was given advice about relaxation in
daily life. Data was collected initially and after 6 weeks of the
intervention. Pain, quality of life (QoL) and emotional status (ES) were
assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Functional Assessment of
Chronic Illness Therapy (FACT) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD)
scales, respectively. Results Pain was significantly reduced within the
study group in Pain Severity (p=0.001) and Pain Interference (p=0.01)
sub-scores. Pain was also reduced between the groups as compared using
the Pain Severity (p=0.00) and Patient Pain Experience (p=0.003)
sub-scores; QoL and ES remained with no significant difference either
within the groups or between the groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion The results of this study showed that PRE significantly
decreased pain scores in BC patients receiving AI. Although the
reduction in pain is a valuable data even in the 6-week period in those
cases, the long-term effects of relaxation techniques need to be
followed.
Explaining Autonomous Drones: An XAI Journey
Authors: Stefik Mark , Youngblood Michael , Pirolli Peter , Lebiere Christian , Thomson Robert , Price Robert , Nelson Lester , Krivacic Robert , Le Jacob , Mitsopoulos Konstantinos , Somers Sterling , Schooler Joel
Published: June 2021

COGLE (COmmon Ground Learning and Explanation) is an explainable
artificial intelligence (XAI) system for autonomous drones that deliver
supplies in mountainous areas to field units. The drone missions have
risks that vary with topography, flight decisions, and mission goals in
a simulated environment. Users must determine which AI-controlled drone
is better for a mission. Narrative explanations identify the advantages
of a drone’s plan (“What?”) and reasons that the better drone is able
to do them (“Why?”). Visual explanations highlight risks from
obstacles that users may have overlooked (“Where?”). A model induction
user study showed that post-decision explanations produced a small
effect on the participants’ abilities to identify the better of two
imperfect drones and their plans for a mission, but they did not teach
participants to judge the multiple success factors in complex missions
as well as the AI pilots. In a decision support variation of the task,
users would receive pre-decision explanations to help them to decide
when to trust the XAI’s decision. In a fielded XAI application, every
drone available for a mission may lack some competencies. We created a
proof-of-concept demonstration of automatic ways to combine knowledge
from multiple imperfect AIs to get better solutions that the individual
AIs do not find on their own. This paper reports on the research
challenges, technical approach, and findings of the project and also
reflects on the multidisciplinary journey that we took.
A psicanálise e o seu lugar como saber nos estudos literários
Authors: Rios Cleusa
Published: June 2021

Entrevista com Cleusa Rios Passos, professora titular da Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, que tem experiência na área de Letras, com ênfase em Teoria Literária, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: Guimarães Rosa, estudo das formas narrativas e confluências entre crítica literária e psicanálise. Desde 2005, coordena (com outro docente) o grupo de pesquisa "Crítica Literária e Psicanálise".Entrevista: Elisabeth CardosoEdição: Ana Paula Rodrigues da Silva, Thiago Fonseca (TV-PUC) Música: PIPA estúdio
Sonoelectrochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles in polyvinylpyrrolidone solutions
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Shepida M. V. , Sozanskyi M. A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sukhatskiy Yu. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mazur A. S. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuntyi О. І. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2021

The results of investigations of the influence of main parameters (surfactant concentration and temperature) on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the sonoelectrochemical method in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions by cyclic voltammetry (CVA) are presented. It is shown that the ultrasonic field (22 kHz) leads to an increase in the anodic and cathodic currents by ~30 %. A scheme of the AgNPs formation has been proposed, which includes the following main processes: 1) dissolution of sacrificial silver anodes at E = 0.2...1.0 V with the formation of [AgPVP]+ complex ions; 2) cathodic and sonochemical reduction of the latter to Ag(0); 3) formation of AgNPs. It has been established that with an increase in PVP concentration from 1 to 4 g·L-1, the anodic and cathodic currents decrease by 40–60 %. The formation rate of AgNPs also decreases. The growth of anodic and cathodic currents and the formation rate of nanoparticles in the range of 20…60 °C corresponds to the diffusion-kinetic action of the temperature factor. The CVA curves practically do not change in time, which indicates the stability of anodic and cathodic processes at prolonged sonoelectrochemical synthesis. The character of the UV-Vis spectra of AgNPs colloidal solutions in PVP with the 405…410 nm absorption maximum is the same in a wide range of nanoparticle concentrations.
Рhysical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete obtained from bitumen modified by epoxide of vegetable origin
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Starchevskyy V. L. , Hrynchuk Yu. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Matcipura P. A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Reutskyy V. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2021

The properties of fine-grained asphalt concrete and its modified by bio based epoxy rape oil (BERO) form were studied. Rapeseed oil epoxide (ROE) obtained from renewable and ecological raw materials, rapeseed oil in a composition with initiators (hardeners) was used as a modifier. It was found that the introduction of BERO in the amount of 3 % of the mass. allows to increase indicators of limit of durability of asphalt concrete at compression at a temperature of 20 °C and 50 °C. The efficiency of BERO composition and its positive effect on physical and mechanical prop- erties of asphalt concrete is established.
Рroduction of light fillers on the basis of technogenic raw materials
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kindzera D. P. , Atamaniuk V. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Gnativ Z. Ya. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mitin I. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2021

In Ukraine, along with the growing demand for tonnage production of light fillers, the need for raw materials is growing, considering that most of the range of light fillers is made from natural raw materials. Thus, a promising direction of utilization of TPP slags and coal concentrate obtained by enrichment of primary coal sludge is there involvement to the production process after preliminary drying. Drying of the thermal power plant slag and the coal concentrate, which are hydraulic mixtures, by the filtration method will reduce energy consumption due to the displacement and removal of significant amount of moisture by the moving thermal agent due to the pressure drop. The results of studies of the thermal agent velocity effect on the drying process duration of TPP slag and coal concentrate, as well as the obtained values of heat transfer coefficients at different velocities of the thermal agent for TPP slag α = 40 ÷ 112 and coal concentrate α = 92,5 ÷ 294 will allow to calculate energy consumption and scientifically substantiate the optimal technological parameters for intensification of the drying process of the charge components for porous fillers production.
ANALISIS POTENSI BRIKET BIO-ARANG SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: Fitriana Widya , Febrina Wetri
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to examine the potential of bio-charcoal briquettes as solid fuel using a SWOT analysis approach, by comparing them with non-briquette solid fuels. The SWOT method examines internal factors (IFAS) and external factors (EFAS). The research was conducted at a wood charcoal produces located at Dumai City, Riau. Data retrieval was carried out by means of observation and interview with the owner and workers. Including production data, marketing, problems faced during production, promotion and sale, product added value, product shortages and weaknesses, competitor data and opportunities in business development. The results of this research indicated that the advantages of briquette products was renewable, cheap, raw materials environmentally friendly, ease of packaging, cleanliness in the production process and efficiency in transportation. The disadvetages was less popular, requires a combustion furnace and fluctuating heat. The ooportunity was that the need for charcoal continues to increase, especially for restaurants and micro small industry. This research was recommend the importance of public policies related to the promotion and socialization of the use of bio-charcoal briquettes as a source of clean energy that is economical and environmentally friendly.  Keywords: bio-charcoal briquettes, renewable energy, SWOT analysis
PEMANFAATAN SERAT PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN KAMPAS REM SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Guntoro Guntoro , Yosephine Ingrid Ovie , Simanjuntak Simon
Published: June 2021

Brake pads are generally made of asbestos, which is less environmentally friendly and widely available in nature, therefore motorcycle brake pads are made that utilize palm frond fibers filled with alumina powder and bonded to a polyurethane matrix. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Material Testing of Industrial Chemical Technology Polytechnic (PTKI) Medan. Research was carried out from February-July 2020, using two test, namely the Rockwell Hardness level test and the Pin On Disk Friction Coefficient test. The result showed that oil palm frond fibers can be made into motorcycle brake pads with the addition of alumina powder according to the predetermined composition. After going through the test, the Rockwell hardness level was obtained in A2 treatment (6% Alumina) with the highest and best hardness level, namely 52.75 Kg. And after testing the friction coefficient of the Pin On Disk type, brake pads from palm frounds with the addition of alumina powder composition which have the lowest coefficient value of the best are obtained in treatment A2 (6% Alumina) with a value of 0.000765 N/mm2. Keywords : biocomposite, brake shoes, palm fround fibers, alumina powder
HIDUNG ELEKTRONIK BERBASIS SENSOR GAS MOS UNTUK KARAKTERISASI KEMATANGAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Shiddiq Minarni , Sitohang Lentina Br , Husein Ikhsan Rahman , Ningsih Sinta Afria , Hermonica Sri , Fadillah Annisa
Published: June 2021

The ripeness of oil palm fruits is one of the key factors for crude palm oil qualities. Recently, electronic nose systems have been developed intensively for fruit quality assessment which relates odors to ripeness levels. This study developed an electronic nose system to characterize the ripeness levels of oil palm fruits using output voltage of each sensor and fruit hardness. The system consisted of a sensor chamber and a sample chamber. The sensor chamber consisted of eight MOS gas sensor modules of MQ series. Samples were oil palm fruits taken from oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) which were previously categorized traditionally into unripe, ripe, over ripe, peeled and put into the sample chamber. Some of the fruits were also used for hardness measurement. To quantify the output voltages for each sensor, integrated trapezoid areas were calculated and related to the fruit hardness values. The results showed a significant voltage difference of each sensor for the three ripeness levels. Only four out of eight sensors showed significantly higher voltages. Three sensors which can significantly differentiate the ripeness levels are MQ3, MQ5, and MQ135 which MQ135 is the best. This shows that the electronic nose is potential for oil palm fruits. Keywords: electronic nose, fruit hardness, MOS gas sensor, oil palm fruit, ripeness
MEMPELAJARI KARAKTERISTIK FISIK BIJI KAKAO (Theobrema cacao L.) PADA SUHU PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Waluyo Sri , Saputra Tri Wahyu , Permatahati Nikita
Published: June 2021

Drying is a common process step for agricultural grain products for ease of handling and to achieve the desired quality levels. One of the commodities that have high economic value produced by farmers in Lampung Province is cocoa beans. The drying process may change the physical properties of the cocoa beans and affect the processing of cocoa beans at a later stage. This study aims to determine the effect of drying temperature on changes in the physical properties of cocoa beans such as dimension, volume, weight, surface area, true density, bulk density, porosity, sphericity, and angle of repose. This research was applied to fresh non-fermented cocoa beans in testing. The cocoa beans were dried at temperatures of 40, 50 or 60oC. The research data were then statistically tested using paired sample T-Test at the 95% level to determine whether there is any effect of drying temperature on changes in its physical properties. The results showed a significant effect of drying temperature on weight, volume, geometric mean diameter (Dg), surface area, bulk density, porosity, and angle of repose of cocoa beans. Meanwhile, the sphericity and true density parameters did not significantly change. Keywords: cocoa beans, drying, physical properties
DAYA TAMPUNG SUNGAI REMBAGAN TERHADAP BEBAN PENCEMARAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STREETER-PHELPS
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Novita Elida , Satya Irfan Dwi
Published: June 2021

Rembagan River is the main tributary of the Bedadung River in Cangkring Village, Patrang District, Jember Region. Various community activities in the Rembagan River area such as bathing, washing, defecating and urinating as well as agricultural activities will produce domestic and agricultural waste. These wast can cause river water pollution, especially water quality degradation. then the research needs to be done an analysis of the capacity of the Rembagan River in receiving pollution costs. The purpose of this study is to find out how much the ability of the Rembagan River to accept the burden of pollutants using the Streeter-Phelps method. Streeter-Phelps modeling takes into account two phenomena, namely the process of measuring dissolved oxygen (deoxygenation) and the process of increasing dissolved oxygen (reaeration). The results obtained from these calculations are oxygen drop curves determined on the basis of oxygen deficit values. The average values of deoxygenation rate and reoxygenation rate were sequentially 1.58931 mg/L/day and 10.09982 mg/L/day. So that self-purification can run well which means the water quality of the Rembagan River was still relatively good. This can be seen in the DO model pattern that goes up in each segment. The actual DO of 5.6760 mg / L was greater than the DO standard of class III quality of 3 mg / L. It can be interpreted that the Rembagan River still has a remaining DO of 2.676 mg / L and was still able to accept pollution cost of 18.8 kg/day. Keywords:  pollution load, Rembagan River, river capacity
UJI KINERJA DAN KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL PENGERING PATI SAGU TIPE PNEUMATIC CONVEYING RING DRYER
Authors: Jading Abadi , Payung Paulus , Tethool Eduard Fransisco
Published: June 2021

Sago starch drying in remote areas or difficult to reach transportation requires artificial dryers to increase the quantity and quality of the dry sago starch. The purpose of this study was to test performance, and analyze the economic value of biomass powered pneumatic conveying ring dryer (PCRD) for drying sago starch for small scale commercial. This research was conducted in two stages, namely performance testing and financial analysis. Small scale (mini) PCRD has been created for drying sago starch with a capacity of 160 kg of dry sago starch per day. The resulting moisture content varies according to variations in temperature and initial moisture content of sago starch and has met the Indonesia National Standard (SNI) No. 3729 regarding the maximum water content of sago starch (13%), except at temperature variations of 50oC and 75oC with an initial moisture content of 41% that did not meet the SNI, which was greater than 13% (14.27% and 13.23%). The drying efficiency varies between 7.339% to 9.689%. Likewise, the yield of dry sago starch that was produced varied between 65% and 73%. PCRD is very feasible to be developed into a commercial scale sago starch dryer with a Pay back value of 2.66 years to return the initial capital of Rp. 186,879,200. Keywords: drying, financial analysis, PCRD, sago starch
ХВИЛЕВІДНА СИСТЕМА ЖИВЛЕННЯ РУПОРНОЇ АНТЕНИ З КОЛОВОЮ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЄЮ
Authors: Забегалов Ігор Вікторович , Шарпан Ярослав Едуардович , Діхтярук Іван Іванович , Пільтяй Степан Іванович , Булашенко Андрій Васильович
Published: June 2021

У статті наведена методика розробки та оптимізації системи живлення рупорної антени із коловою поляризацією. Рупорна антена має металеву конструкцію та складається із хвилеводу, що має змінний переріз та відкритий випромінюючий кінець. Електромагнітні хвилі у такій антені збуджують за допомогою хвилеводу, що вмикають до вузької стінки рупорної антени. Запропонована система живлення рупорної антени складається із прямокутного хвилеводу зі щілиною. Щоб на виході отримати в рупорній антені збудження сигналів із коловою поляризацією, щілину було вирізано у прямокутному хвилеводі під кутом 45º. В результаті схема дає можливість формувати сигнали з правою круговою поляризацією та лівою круговою поляризацією. Представлена конструкція системи живлення рупорної антени усуває необхідність розробки окремо хвилевідного пристрою формування колової поляризації. Спроектована система живлення рупорної антени із коловою поляризацією може використовуватися на робочій частоті 8 ГГц. На ній коефіцієнт відбиття є нижчим за −19 дБ. Запропонована рупорна антенна забезпечує максимальне значення коефіцієнта підсилення 21дБ для правої колової поляризації та максимальне значення коефіцієнта підсилення 10 дБ для лівої колової поляризації. Кросполяризаційна розв’язка перевищує 10 дБ. Таким чином, розроблена система живлення рупорної антени забезпечує вузькосмуговий режим роботи на коловій поляризації із задовільними електромагнітними поляризаційними характеристиками та узгодженням на частоті 8 ГГц. Розроблена система живлення рупорної антени з коловою поляризацією може використовуватися у радіотехнічних системах, які здійснюють поляризаційне оброблення сигналів.
A procedure of automatic evaluation of residual statistic adjustments for increasing information value of exploration seismology data
Authors: Verpakhovska A.O. , Lesnoy G.D. , Polunin A.I.
Published: June 2021

In present-day seismic exploration the quality of the observed wave field that guarantees obtaining the most exact and complete information on the structure of the studied area plays an important role. Therefore much attention is paid to elaboration of procedures for elimination of different noises and distortions present in the registered data. They include correction of statics or calculation and maintenance of static adjustments with taking into account the influence of small velocities zone (SVZ) and locality relief at each station of reception and explosion along the profile or observation area to the form of hodograph.

A procedure of automatic finding of residual statistic corrections based on usage of seismograms of equal distances and first wave arrivals without conducting their correlations that gives a possibility to exclude the effect of operator mistakes to the result has been considered. A theory has been proposed with algorithm consisting of putting in the observed wave fields, assortment of paths, finding temporal shifts by equidistant paths and computation of correcting adjustments for all the sources and receivers and the programming realization of finding the residual statistic corrections as a new interactive program corst3D, aimed at increasing the level of studies of structure of geological medium of different complexity by the data of both 2D and 3D seismic exploration. Effectiveness of the given procedure at the real data of seismic exploration for improvement of their quality and as a result for rising information value of their processing and interpretation has been shown together with colleagues of «GEOUNIT» company.
Topography and reconstruction of historical mines of the Kagarlinsk mining-metallurgical center (Bronze Age)
Authors: Noskevich V.V. , Fedorova N.V. , Yuminov A.M.
Published: June 2021

Kagarlinsk copper deposits have been worked out since IV millennium BC and till the end of II millennium BC in the steppes of the South Urals and a huge amount of copper have been recovered from their ores in the Bronze Age. Geophysical studies have been conducted in the south periphery of the Kagarlinsk ore field not far from Belousovka village at the mining-processing complex with the length of 900—1000 m and 30—70 m size across. Something like a hundred of small open-cut mines from 3 to 12 m in diameter are fixed in this area with near side mine dumps, sites for assortment of extracted ore adjoined at stove pits 3—5 m in diameter for burning up lump ores. Thorough topographic, gradient magnetic and geo-radar surveys have been fulfilled in areas where typical objects: open-cut mine, a pit for pilot burning up ores, slime sites and ore store are situated. As a result new data have been obtained on the structure of ancient outputs and associated technological facilities. Numerous magnetic anomalies revealed near the open-cut mine and a pit testify that copper ore encloses sufficient amount of iron and pilot assortment of the burned up ore took place near the pits. According to the results of geo-radar survey special features of pit-stove have been reconstructed and 3D model of the ancient open-cut mine built. A pit for burning up ore was cone-shaped with steps for comfort of loading and unloading ore. Its bottom diameter was 5m, the principal mine was 1—1.5 m in diameter and depth rough 3 m, the volume of the pit did not exceed 13—15 m3. Transversal size of a mine was 7—9 m and the depth was up to 4 m. The open-cut mine had steep sides from the north, east and south and in the west the relief was mildly sloping. The entrance to the open-cut mine was from the west. Initial depth of the open-cut mine differed from the present day surface by 2—3 m. According to our appraisal the amount of extracted ore in this mine was 25—30 tons. Taking into account the overall number of mines some 2—2.5 thousand tons of bulk ore were extracted during operation of Belousovka mining-metallurgical complex.
Determination of energy parameters of seismic events of the Transcarpathian trough taking into account the quality factor of the Earth’s crust
Authors: Andrushchenko Yu.A. , Osadchy V.I. , Lyashchuk O.I. , Kornienko I.V. , Halabuda M.I.
Published: June 2021

Transcarpathia is characterized by significant differences in the structure and geodynamics of the lithosphere in comparison with other seismically active regions of Ukraine, which causes a number of features of the seismotectonic process of this region. The spatial distribution of the seismicity of the Transcarpathian Depression is closely related to the fault-block structure of the foundation. Important characteristics of the seismic process in Transcarpathia are the energy parameters of local earthquakes — magnitude, intensity, energy class. It is these values that form the basis of seismic zoning. The methods used to determine the energy parameters of local earthquakes do not fully take into account the effects of hypocenter depths and regional features of seismic wave propagation paths. Thus, the issue of determining the quantitative indicators of the quality factor of the Earth’s crust of the studied region and the development of approaches to determining the calibration function for estimating local magnitudes is relevant. The article presents the results of the study, which are aimed at determining the calibration function for calculating the energy characteristics of earthquakes in the Transcarpathian Depression, taking into account the parameters of attenuation of the Earth’s crust. Using digital records of seismic signals from the Transcarpathian Depression, obtained on the elements of the Ukrainian seismic group, as well as seismic stations «Stone Bridge», «Pidluby», «Zelenytsia» and «Lyubar» were determined quantitative indicators of the quality of the Earth’s crust and developed approaches to determination of the calibration function for estimation of local magnitude and its check on real signals.
Histopathological features of liver tissue in non-alcoholic and alcoholic steatohepatitis depending on the presence of concomitant anemia
Authors: Antofiichuk T. , Davydenko I. , Khukhlina O. , Antofiichuk M.
Published: June 2021

The aim: to study some histopathological changes in the liver affected by steatohepatitis of various etiologies with the presence of anemia. Material and methods. Liver biopsies were analyzed in 30 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and 20 patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH). The morphological examination of the liver was carried out according to the standard methods. The histopathological features of the liver were established on the basis of hematoxylin and eosin staining method, with confirmation, if necessary, by the histochemical methods - staining for fat (method with Sudan-III) and collagen fibers (method with chromotropic-water blue by NZ Slinchenko). Microspectrophotometric studies were performed using a cytological analyzer with software "VideoTest - Size 5.0" (2000). Results. A number of parameters revealed the statistical differences in the average trends with the use of the nonparametric Mann-Whitney method (p<0.05). The highest rate of hepatocyte necrosis was observed in the patients with ASH with anemia, in particular, more than a third of hepatocytes in these patients had signs of colic necrosis, which was more pronounced in ASH than in NASH. NASH with anemia was accompanied by more pronounced necrosis of hepatocytes than NASH without anemia. In ASH without anemia, the percentage of affected hepatocytes was on average approximately the same as in NASH without anemia. Fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes was observed in all the patients with NASH and ASH, but the severity of the general pathological process was not the same. Conclusions. Due to the comorbidity of fatty liver disease with anemia in both NASH and ASH, a much higher percentage of hepatocytes affected by reversible swelling are formed, which coincides with the tendency for hepatocyte oncosis. Anemia affects the nature of connective tissue growth in NASH and ASH (in ASH, the specific volume of connective tissue was higher than in NASH). At the same time, the intensity of regenerative processes in the liver (ductal reactions of the liver) is most pronounced in patients with anemia, and most - in ASH.
The influence of distance learning on the main indicators of social-psychological adaptation of domestic and foreign students
Authors: Mikheev A. , Dzhuriak V. , Popovych V. , Atamaniuk Y.
Published: June 2021

Actuality. With the emergence and rapid spread of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, unprecedented measures have been taken to combat the pandemic, which in many countries, including Ukraine, has led to severe restrictions with the transition of all levels to distance learning.The aim of the work is to study and compare the main indicators of social and psychological adaptation of domestic and foreign students to study under distance education during quarantine.Material and methods. The study of the main indicators of personal adaptation of 3rd-year students of medical faculties of BSMU during distance learning under quarantine conditions was conducted. The indicators were studied by surveying domestic and foreign students using Google Forms and Google Meet videoconferencing. The survey was conducted anonymously, under the same conditions, and to create a questionnaire in Google Forms used an adapted version of the questionnaire BOO "Adaptability" in Ukrainian and English, which is designed to assess the adaptive capacity of man. Results. According to the results of the survey, during distance learning, the level of neuropsychological stability of domestic students was probably higher than that of foreign citizens. Foreign students had a socialization rate 1.5 times lower than Ukrainian students did, and the vast majority of domestic students had a sufficient level of socialization. Communicative abilities of domestic students compared to foreign students were also significantly higher, but both Ukrainian and foreign students during quarantine and distance learning show almost no signs of behavioral disorders. In general, both domestic and foreign students during distance learning in quarantine have a low level of adaptation, and its success depends on external conditions (distance and isolation).Conclusion. Under the conditions of quarantine, students of medical faculties of BSMU, both domestic and foreign are characterized by a rather low level of socio-psychological adaptation to distance learning.