bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Impact of Green Finance Reform and Innovation Pilot Zones on Total Factor Carbon Productivity in Chinese Cities
Authors: Zhang Youzhi , Bian Rumeng , Liu Yinke , Wang Jingyi , Zhao Jing
Published: November 2024

With global climate change, environmental pollution and other problems becoming increasingly prominent, green finance has gradually become a powerful driver of green development. On the basis of the panel data of 282 cities in China from 2012 to 2022, an SBM-GML model is first applied to measure the total factor carbon productivity of cities; then, the establishment of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones is regarded as a quasinatural experiment, and a multiperiod DID method is adopted to test the impact of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones on the total factor carbon productivity of cities in stages. The study reveals that (1) the construction of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones can significantly increase urban total factor carbon productivity and is robust; (2) the heterogeneity test reveals that the construction of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones can significantly increase total factor carbon productivity in the eastern, central and western regions, with the effect being more obvious in the western region; and (3) a mechanism test reveals that the construction of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones can enhance urban total factor carbon productivity by improving the level of green innovation and promoting the ecological industrial structure, whereas public environmental concern can effectively enhance the policy effect of green financial reform and innovation pilot zones on urban total factor carbon productivity.
Znrf2-mediated Ubiquitination of ST2L Regulates Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: BAO HAILONG , CHEN XIN , CHEN BINGXIU , ZHOU WEI , YAN FEI , HUANG RUNZE , LI WEI , chen zhangrong
Published: November 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of cardiac death, primarily driven by myocardial necrosis resulting from coronary artery occlusion. Post-MI, ventricular remodeling, characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition, frequently progresses to heart failure. The IL-33/ST2L signaling axis is known for its protective role in mitigating fibrosis following MI. However, this effect is antagonized by the soluble form of ST2 (sST2), which inhibits the interaction between IL-33 and ST2L. In this study, we investigated the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Znrf2 in regulating ST2L degradation in a mouse model of MI. Through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments, including protein ubiquitination assays, plasmid transfections, and immunoblotting, we demonstrated that Znrf2 selectively mediates ST2L ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, impairing its anti-fibrotic function. Inhibition of Znrf2 expression stabilized ST2L, enhanced IL-33 signaling, significantly reduced cardiac fibrosis, and improved cardiac function post-MI. The zinc finger motif of Znrf2 was identified as essential for this interaction, as mutations in this domain abolished ST2L degradation. These findings suggest that Znrf2-mediated ST2L ubiquitination is a key regulator of cardiac fibrosis, offering a potential therapeutic target for improving post-MI cardiac recovery. Further studies are warranted to validate these results in human models and explore additional molecular targets of Znrf2.
Lactobacillus Plantarum Mediated Tryptophan Metabolism to Alleviate Tropomyosin-induced Food Allergy Through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
Authors: Ma Jing , Tong Pengyan , Jia Yining , Yan Zhuomin , Ren Xiaojing , Zhao Mengya , Long Fangyu
Published: November 2024

Background: Recently, food allergy (FA) has become increasingly prevalent, affecting daily life and possibly endangering lives. Probiotics ameliorate FA by modulating immune-microbial interactions. However, the effective metabolites and mechanism of alleviating FA in Lactobacillus Plantarum (L. Plantarum) remain to be elucidated.
Results: In the present study, L. Plantarum strains JM113, PA01, and 21805 demonstrated the ability to improve FA by modulating regulatory T (Treg)/Th1/Th2 balance, reshaping gut microbial composition, and regulating gut metabolites. Tropomyosin sensitisation was associated with a decreased in the levels of 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) in cecum contents, as evidenced in the serum of mice and patients with FA. Cellular experiments revealed that tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine, tryptophol, kynurenine, 5-HIAA, and indole-3-acetamide inhibited the degranulation of RHL-2H cells; however, these benefits were eliminated by AHR antagonist CH223191. Furthermore, in vivo results suggested that 5-HIAA and Trp diets downregulated levels of IgE, β-Hex, HIS, IL-4, IL-13, while upregulated concentrations of IFN-γ, TGF-β to activate AhR-mediated immune response. Intestinal morphological analysis revealed that 5-HIAA and Trp increased the number of cup cells and recover intestinal damage.
Conclusions: In summary, the beneficial effect of 5-HIAA and Trp on FA appear to rely on the AhR-related pathways, providing compelling evidence for the positive role of Trp metabolites in alleviating FA.
Research on calculation method of contact stress of wind turbine main shaft bearing under alternating load
Authors: Zou Yi , Sun Wenlei , Wang Hongwei , Xu Tiantian , Wang Bingkai
Published: November 2024

The main shaft bearing of the 2MW wind turbine is an aligning roller bearing, the contact form between the roller and the raceways is very complex, and the calculation method of contact stress is very important. In this paper, the slicing model of the roller is established, and the load-displacement relationship is solved. eight kinds of loads are considered, which affect the life of the wind turbine with a probability of more than 99%, the deformation of the ring and radial clearance is considered, an elastic contact model in finite element software is established, the relationship of the load-displacement is taking as the boundary condition. This method is applied to the main shaft bearing of wind turbine and verified. The results indicate that the contact form of the aligning roller bearing varies with the load, the proposed method makes more rollers contact the raceway, and reduces the contact stress between the roller and the raceway. And the carrying capacity of the bearing is improved, it can provide greater space for the optimization design of the bearing. The proposed method provides reference for contact design of the bearing.
Sexual satisfaction on PrEP, and what else?
Authors: SAVEL Carine , LAMBERT Céline , GONCALVES Emilie , BACHE Morgane RUDE , MOUMOUNI Abla ANTHONY , NEHME Evelyne , GOURDON Florence , CORBIN Violaine , JACOMET Christine
Published: November 2024

Background : Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), recommended for men who have sex with men (MSM), reduces the risk of HIV transmission and contributes to their sexual well-being. But what about the overall sexual health satisfaction of MSM (sexual satisfaction, emotional satisfaction, changes in risk behaviour, number of STIs) and its determinants?
Methods: Multicentre observational cross-sectional study of all MSM on PrEP followed up in seven dedicated care centres in Auvergne for at least one year. Satisfaction and risk behaviour were measured using 5-point Likert scales and 10-point numerical rating scales respectively.
Results : Of the 151 MSM followed up, 51,47% of whom were aged over 46, had been on PrEP for a median of 2.7 [1.8; 4.2] years and agreed to take part in the study. Their overall sexual satisfaction improved significantly (p<0.001) due to a reduction in anxiety linked to HIV infection. Their emotional satisfaction remained stable (p=0.11), explained by some as being due solely to the way they met via apps. Risk behaviour increased (p<0.001), as did the number of chlamydia infections (p=0.04).
The factors associated with sexual satisfaction on PrEP were greater acceptance of one's sexuality by friends (9.6 ± 1.1 vs. 7.8 ± 2.9, p=0.003), the absence of sexual dysfunction (91.4% sexual satisfaction among MSM without sexual dysfunction vs. 62.5% in MSM with sexual dysfunction, p=0.02), and a lower depression score on the hospital anxiety and depression scale (2 [1; 4] vs. 4 [3; 6], p=0.006).
Conclusion : In the short term, of the components of sexual health assessed (sexual satisfaction, emotional satisfaction, risk behaviours and number of STIs), the only improvement experienced by PrEP users is sexual satisfaction, which for some requires access to mental health and sexology care. It is vital that the MSM population should benefit from an integrated range of healthcare services, both in specialised centres and with general practitioners. PrEP should not be considered simply as a pill, but as an opportunity for patient-centred care.
Trial registration: The protocol was registered with the National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products under N° 2021-A01579-32.
The prevalence and correlates of early marriages for women aged 20-29 in Zimbabwe: An analysis of the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)
Authors: Bvurume E , Mangombe K , Mhlanga K , Lwanga C
Published: November 2024

Background
Early marriage remains a significant public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. It has the potential to deprive adolescent girls of their sexual and reproductive rights and expose them to the risks associated with early and high-risk fertility behavior. This study analyzes the prevalence and factors associated with early marriages in Zimbabwe.
Methods
The analysis utilized data from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. A pooled weighted sub-sample of 2219 women aged 20–29 was used for the study. Statistical analysis was carried out using the R-Studio software package, version 3, considering complex survey design analysis. Logistic regression models were used to examine the correlations between individual-level factors and early marital behavior.
Results
According to the study, 40.9% of women were married before reaching adulthood. The research found a strong correlation between early sexual initiation as strongly related to early marriage (OR = 7.311, p < 0.005), living in the Mashonaland provinces, particularly Mashonaland East, and an increased likelihood of child marriage (OR = 4.1169, p < 0.005). Furthermore, religious affiliation and level of education were also identified as independent factors that elevate the risk of child marriage.
Conclusion
The research highlighted the necessity of implementing coordinated strategies across different policy and community levels to empower girls, provide education, and ensure protection. These strategies are crucial for addressing the structural, sociocultural, and individual barriers effectively. The study underscored the importance of the evidence presented, which can guide policy-making and the development of targeted interventions to combat child marriage in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, it recommended that future qualitative research should delve deeper into community and intergenerational factors and utilize mixed methods to explore the issues associated with high early marriage rates in the Mashonaland provinces.
Improving Water Productivity in Greenhouse and Open-Field Vegetable Crops
Authors: Alomran Abdulrasoul , Alharbi Abdulaziz , Obadi Abdullah
Published: November 2024

Improving water productivity in arid and semi-arid regions by using clean technologies and sustainable solutions in agri-food systems is essential for food security and protecting the environment. A series of studies were conducted to improve water productivity in protected cultivation and open-field agriculture. This includes adding biochar as soil amendments and sub-drip irrigation for different vegetable crops. Also, some irrigation practices, such as regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD), were tested using different irrigation water quality. When 5% biochar was applied with fresh water increased tomato plants' yield under various irrigation treatments. The yield increased by 4.60%, 16.74%, 8.67%, and 2.97% at 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% ETc, respectively. Tomato plants treated with biochar and irrigated with fresh water under 40% deficit irrigation showed a remarkable 97.02% increase in water use efficiency compared to those under full irrigation. Adding other organic materials, such as compost, also improved WUE. Compared to the control treatment, biochar 2% + Compost 2% increased WUE by 54.0%. PRD consistently achieved greater irrigation efficiency, especially with subsurface irrigation. Sub-drip Irrigation (SDI) was also tested in an open-field study with potato plants. An SDI system with full irrigation (I100) maximized potato yield, while deficit irrigation (I50) improved water use efficiency (IWUE).
Public health importance of the detection of high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma lesions following 2 different protocols: High resolution Virtual chromoendoscopy versus Seattle protocol: CONVERSE study
Authors: Queneherve Lucille , Hardouin Jean-Benoit , Riche Valery-Pierre , Compaore Youssouf , ARCHAMBEAUD Isabelle , Bardot Stephanie , Alebic Iva Jirka , Marguerite Monique , Letaillandier Cyrielle , Ratajczak Christelle , Pierry Océane , Jobert Alexandra , Rahmi Gabriel , Berger Arthur , Karsenti David , Yzet Clara , Pioche Mathieu , Barrioz Thierry , Tchoumak Irina , Chevaux Jean-Baptiste , Jacques Jeremie , Wallenhorst Timothée , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Koch Stéphane , Barret Maximillien , Poinas Alexandra , Coron Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a pre-cancerous condition with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Current surveillance involves white light endoscopy with random biopsies (Seattle Protocol, SP) but has limitations. This study explores high-resolution virtual chromoendoscopy (HRMC) as a potential alternative.
Methods: This controlled trial will enroll 110 patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) across 15 gastroenterology departments in France. Each patient will undergo both HRMC and SP examinations during the same endoscopic procedure. Although the trial is non-randomized, it is important to highlight that the two endoscopists performing either the HRMC or the SP will be blinded to each other’s results. Therefore, each patient will serve as their own control. Biopsy decisions will be based on both methods, with any visible lesions resected. The primary objective is to compare the detection rate of HGD and EAC lesions using HRMC with targeted biopsies versus SP with random biopsies. Secondary objectives include comparing detection rates of LGD lesions, procedure time, missed lesions, and cost-effectiveness.
Discussion: If HRMC proves superior to SP for detecting HGD and EAC, it could lead to more accurate, efficient, and cost-effective BE surveillance strategies, improving patient outcomes and resource utilization.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05025826 – First Submitted 2021-12-07
Educational Escape Rooms for Raising Information Privacy Competences: An Empirical Validation
Authors: Papaioannou Thanos , Kokotos Spyridon Eftychios , Tsohou Aggeliki
Published: November 2024

Contemporary research has highlighted the need to specify the competences that individuals need to possess in order to protect their privacy against the potential risks of the internet, beyond mere awareness. The reassessment of conventional strategies for enhancing knowledge and skills for privacy protection has directed research attention towards the design and development of innovative educational interventions. To address this gap, in this paper we explore the effectiveness of educational escape rooms in enhancing users' privacy competencies. The study experimentally tested a 2D digital escape room which we designed to improve five specific privacy skills among 81 adult participants. The empirical findings show significant improvement in all the competencies tested: the ability to install and customize safeguards, the ability to perceive privacy risk, self-control, the ability to perceive privacy and privacy concerns. This demonstrates the potential of escape rooms as innovative tools for privacy learning, suggesting implications for designers of educational games and privacy software. This investigation contributes novel insights into privacy education by being one of the first studies to implement and test a privacy-focused escape room.
Long-term maintenance of regenerative agriculture enhances soil food webs and drives carbon accumulation
Authors: Martin Tvisha , Sprunger Christine
Published: November 2024

There is an expectation that regenerative agriculture will enhance soil food web structure through improved soil health, yet this has rarely been tested over long-term periods. Here, we seek to understand shifts of nematode communities and soil carbon (C) over a 30-year period across a range of agroecosystems within the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research Site. After 30 years, nematode communities shifted from bacterivore and plant parasitic dominance to fungivore dominance, in unmanaged successional systems. Soil C accumulation was four times greater after 30 years, but only in successional systems. Together, this decadal study demonstrates that the long-term maintenance of regenerative agricultural practices can alter soil food web structure and drive soil C accumulation in agroecosystems.
Cellular response in the resilience of Microcystis aeruginosa under polyaluminum chloride exposure
Authors: Eyun Seong-il , Kim Eun-jeong , Park Yeon-jeong , Lee Jae Hak , Lee Heesuk , Yang Jihye , Kim Han Soon
Published: November 2024

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is a flocculant commonly used to remove microalgal cells from blooming reservoir. However, some cells exposed to PAC can survive and remain suspended at the surface of eutrophic lakes, potentially reblooming in high-temperature conditions. This study investigated the cellular responses underlying the survival resilience of Microcystis in response to PAC treatment. During cell growth, we observed that exposure to low levels of PAC led to a growth pattern resembling normal conditions, whereas cells exposed to high levels of PAC experienced immediate growth inhibition, followed by cell death. Therefore, we employed RNA sequencing to investigate dynamic gene expression. At the transcriptomic level, 264 distinct genes exhibited differential expression under low PAC exposure, significantly affecting the bacterial secretion system and photosynthesis. Changes in the expression of the photosystem II antenna complex phycobilisome were subsequently reflected in changes in phycocyanin pigment production. Furthermore, we identified 223 unique genes under high PAC exposure. Notably, in type II toxin–antitoxin systems, which serve as a prokaryotic defense mechanism, several toxin genes were expressed at higher levels than antitoxin genes, promoting cell death or apoptosis. These findings bridge a gap in the understanding of cyanobacterial ecotoxicology and environmental responses, potentially enhancing biotechnological and clinical applications.
Accuracy of the Resting Metabolic Rate Equations
Authors: Bakır Binnur Okan , Cebioğlu İrem Kaya
Published: November 2024

Background
The resting metabolic rate (RMR) is recommended to be measured via indirect calorimetry. Since an indirect calorimeter may not be available in all settings, predictive equations are used worldwide. Given that the accuracy of the predictive equations may depend on ethnicity, we aimed to evaluate the most accurate prediction equation in Turkish adults.
Methods
We included 57 voluntary participants (68.4% women) who were normal in body weight and overweight or obese (63.2%). Harris-Benedict; Owen; WHO/FAO/UNU weight; WHO/FAO/UNU weight and height equations; and Mifflin-St. Jeor equations were used to compare the predicted RMRs and the indirect calorimeter measurements. The root mean square error, mean percentage difference, and concordance correlation coefficient were calculated to indicate the predictivity of the equations and to show the deviation of the differences between the predicted and measured RMRs.
Results
Although it was not within the agreement of ± 10% of the measured RMR, which is acceptable for accuracy, the Harris-Benedict equation provided the highest accuracy (61.9%), whereas the Owen equation had the lowest accuracy (19%) for normal body weight. The WHO/FAO/UNU weight equation had the highest accuracy (58.3%), whereas the Owen and WHO/FAO/UNU weight and height equations had 25% accuracy for overweight and obese individuals.
Conclusions
Although none of the five widely used equations showed good accuracy in terms of our RMR measurements via indirect calorimetry, the Harris-Benedict equation was recommended for normal body weight, and the WHO/FAO/UNU weight equation was recommended for overweight and obese individuals until a new, population-based formula was developed.
Evaluation of social preference, anxiety, cortisol, and chemically-induced hyperlocomotion in mecp2 null-mutant zebrafish
Authors: Shams Soaleha , Cronell Pierre , Landin Jenny , Pietri Thomas , Gimdal Adrian Ekehorn , Kettunen Petronella , Westberg Lars
Published: November 2024

Background: Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) is vital for neuronal function as it is an essential global modulator of transcription, and mutations in MECP2 are the most common cause of Rett syndrome, an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder. Patients diagnosed with Rett syndrome have increased risk for epilepsy as well as problems with anxiety and social communication. Using the zebrafish mecp2Q63X line, this study aimed to increase our understanding of the role of mecp2 in regulation of seizures and general locomotion, ontogeny of social behaviour, and adult socialization and anxiety behaviour. To determine responses of mecp2-/- zebrafish to a stimulating convulsant, general locomotor activity was measured at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) in sibling mecp2+/+, mecp2+/-, and mecp2-/- fish after treatment with a GABAA receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) at varying concentrations. Responses to social stimulus were investigated in larval (21 dpf) and adult mecp2-/- and mecp2+/+ fish. Anxiety responses to a novel tank and whole-body cortisol levels were also measured in adult mecp2-/- and control mecp2+/+ zebrafish.
Results: The behavioural tests showed that mecp2-/- zebrafish displayed hypolocomotion at the larval stage, along with increased freezing time and thigmotaxis, and higher whole-body cortisol levels in adulthood. However, lack of functional Mecp2 did not change the hyper-locomotion response to PTZ at 5 dpf or affect the social preference for visual social stimulus at 21 dpf and in adulthood.
Conclusions: Functional mecp2 modulated larval locomotion and behavioural anxiety at different ages and adult cortisol levels, but lacking mecp2 did not alter adult locomotion or socialization, and developmental sociability and PTZ-induced hyperlocomotion in zebrafish. Given the variability reported in humans and rodent Mecp2 models, studies using zebrafish can explore vital elements of MECP2’s role across development and improve our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.
Cognitive Health After Cerebellar Stroke: Linking Socio-Educational Status and Neuropsychological Outcome
Authors: Voruz Philippe , Constantin Ioana Medeleine , Chassot Emilie , Thomasson Marine , Assal Frédéric , Péron Julie A.
Published: November 2024

Background
While deficits in episodic memory have been noted following cerebellar damage, there is a lack of research systematically exploring the socio-demographic and cognitive profiles of patients with such impairments.
Objective
This study aimed to differentiate between chronic-phase cerebellar stroke patients with and without verbal episodic memory deficits, and to determine whether those with deficits exhibit distinct socio-demographic and clinical profiles, thereby identifying potential factors associated with these impairments.
Methods
Data from 15 cerebellar stroke patients in the CEREBEMO cohort were analyzed, with participants categorized into two groups based on verbal episodic memory performance: deficits (n = 8) and no deficits (n = 7). Statistical analyses, including Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Chi-Squared tests, compared socio-demographic and neuropsychological variables between the groups.
Results
Significant differences were observed in socio-educational levels, with a higher proportion of patients with memory deficits at intermediate education levels. Moreover, patients with memory deficits performed worse on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Trail Making Test, indicating overall lower cognitive efficiency and slower processing speed. Post-hoc analysis showed that, despite the limited sample size, our sample effectively detected a significant difference between the two groups with high statistical power.
Conclusion
These findings highlight potential socio-educational and cognitive factors associated with memory impairments following cerebellar stroke.
Low expression of miR-7-5p promotes resistance to radiotherapy in lung cancer through direct upregulation of PKP2 expression
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yang Jiaxue , Qiu Xiao-lu , He Jie , Zou Wen , Sang Yi , Chen Chun
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Lung cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with advanced stages often limiting surgical options and necessitating systemic therapies like radiotherapy. Resistance to radiotherapy frequently undermines treatment efficacy. This study explores the role of miR-7-5p in modulating plakophilin-2 (PKP2) expression and its impact on radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.
Methods
Using clonogenic assays, CCK-8 assays, immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and reporter gene assays, we assessed the effects of miR-7-5p overexpression and inhibition in A549 NSCLC cells.
Results
Results show that miR-7-5p overexpression enhances radiosensitivity by increasing DNA damage (evidenced by higher γ-H2AX foci) and inhibiting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Bioinformatics and experimental validation identified PKP2 as a direct target of miR-7-5p. Overexpression of PKP2 mitigates the radiosensitizing effects of miR-7-5p, confirming the miR-7-5p/PKP2 axis's role in regulating radiosensitivity.
Conclusion
This work highlights the potential of targeting the miR-7-5p/PKP2 pathway to overcome radiotherapy resistance in NSCLC, offering a promising therapeutic approach to enhance treatment outcomes.
Establishment and Validation of a Macrophage-Related Model for Predicting Synchronous Distant Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Li Yunlong , Guo Tairan , Huang Yuzhou , Li Yaqing , Chen Shaojie , Li Jiajia , Yin Dong , Huang Kaihong , Lian Guoda
Published: November 2024

Background
To search for immune cells and related risk genes that affect distant metastasis of colorectal cancer, and to construct a prediction model based on certain immune cells and risk genes to guide systemic screening for synchronous distant metastasis.
Methods
Firstly, the genes acquired from the TCGA database were screened by differential analysis, and differences in immune infiltration were analyzed by the TIMER algorithm. Then, differential genes related to immune cells were screened by association analysis. Next, LASSO regression and logistic regression were used to build a predicting model. Finally, the accuracy of the model was assessed and externally validated with ROC curves and calibration curves, and the prospect of clinical application was evaluated with the decision curve and clinical impact curve, while the potential role of selected genes in distant metastasis of colorectal cancer was verified by immunohistochemistry.
Results
The model for predicting synchronous distant metastasis of colorectal cancer is as follows: riskScore=-0.125103*C1orf35 + 0.016437*TMPRSS4 + 0.151171*PCDHGB7-0.039227*LAP3 + 0.033138*TSC22D3 + 0.031953*NIPAL2 + 0.015495*IPO5-5.642131, which is well-calibrated with an AUC value of 0.85 for internal evaluation and 0.68 for external validation, and the immunohistochemistry confirmed the potential role of seven risk genes in distant metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Conclusions
Seven macrophage-related risk genes for distant metastasis of colorectal cancer were screened, and a model was constructed to predict the incidence of synchronous distant metastasis in colorectal cancer patients as a guide for clinical PET/CT application.
On the North Atlantic Warming Hole
Authors: Madan Gaurav , Gjermundsen Ada , LaCasce Joseph H.
Published: November 2024

The North Atlantic Warming Hole (WH) is examined using the Norwegian Earth System model. The WH is a distinctive cool region in sea surface temperature anomaly, lying south of Iceland. It is present now, and intensifies in the climate simulation examined here. Previous studies have suggested the feature reflects declining oceanic heat transport, or increased surface cooling due to changes in the atmospheric circulation. In the present simulations, the primary driver instead is an influx of freshwater from high latitudes. The freshwater flows into the subpolar gyre and subsequently pools in the Icelandic basin. The structure cools in the interior, and as such the WH has only a weak signature in density. Rather, it has a strong "spice" anomaly, indicating density compensation. The turbulent fluxes indicate that eddy restratification acts to counteract buoyancy production from the freshwater, reducing the lateral density gradients. Thus the WH is fundamentally an advective feature in the ocean and could not be generated by atmospheric processes alone. Furthermore, the WH is not the direct result of reduced heat transport into the subpolar gyre. Rather, the freshwater simultaneously weakens the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), so that AMOC declines in concert with the cooling of the NAWH. The findings underscore the significant role of freshwater fluxes from high latitudes, from melting Arctic sea ice and increased runoff, in altering the regional and global ocean circulation.
Emotion regulation beyond executive and attention difficulties: impact on daily life impairments in typically developing adolescents
Authors: Poznyak Elena , Debbané Martin
Published: November 2024

Background It is becoming widely recognized that emotion dysregulation is an essential feature present along the continuum from subclinical to clinical Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Yet, it remains unclear whether and how specific processes related to emotion regulation contribute to daily life impairments, across different domains of functioning. The aim of this cross-sectional study in community adolescents was to investigate whether three processes commonly implicated in adaptive emotion regulation – emotion recognition, emotion reactivity and use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies – uniquely contribute to adolescent-rated functional impairment, above and beyond the effects of age and gender, ADHD symptoms, and individual differences in verbal ability and executive control. Methods 161 adolescents from the general population (mean age = 15.57; SD = 1.61) completed the Weiss Functional Impairment Scale, the Emotion Reactivity Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test. Hierarchical regression analysis examined the unique contributions of candidate predictors to impairment scores. Results Total impairment scores were best predicted by older age, inattention symptoms, higher emotional reactivity, and higher use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Emotion regulation processes were associated with interpersonal difficulties and self-concept impairments, whereas inattention symptoms were associated with school and life skills impairments. Conclusions This study stresses that emotion reactivity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation represent major sources of perceived social and emotional difficulties in community adolescents. Our results also support the continuum hypothesis of attention difficulties, where emotion regulation abilities may at least partially explain the relationship between ADHD symptoms and social impairments. Together, these findings highlight the vital importance of targeting emotion regulation in psychotherapeutic interventions aiming to improve socio-emotional outcomes in adolescents.
Awareness and Usage of Electronic Resources Among University Students: A Case Study of Ogongo Campus, University of Namibia
Authors: Uukongo Wilka Nandjambi , Beukes Maggy Amiss Dr , Uutoni Wilhem Dr
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the awareness and usage of electronic resources (e-resources) among students at the University of Namibia's Ogongo Campus. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research aims to determine the level of awareness, identify available e-resources, assess usage levels, and understand the challenges faced by students in utilizing these resources. Data were collected through focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and observations. The findings reveal that while some students are aware of the available e-resources, many struggles with accessibility and usage due to various challenges. The study recommends enhanced library awareness campaigns and training programs to improve students' digital literacy and e-resource utilization.
Isolation and characterization of goose astrovirus genotype 1 causing enteritis in goslings from Sichuan province, China
Authors: Chen Guo , Zhang Huanrong
Published: November 2024

Since 2017, Goose astrovirus (GoAstV) has been widely prevalent in various provinces of China, leading to substantial economic losses in the goose industry. This study documents an outbreak of infectious disease in 1–3 week-old goslings on a goose farm in Sichuan, characterized by enteritis and a mortality rate of approximately 30%. Viral metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples identified the infection as Goose Astrovirus genotype 1 (GoAstV-1). PCR analysis further confirmed GoAstV-1 in liver tissues from deceased goslings, and a GoAstV-1 strain was successfully isolated from goose embryos. The full genome of the isolated strain, named Goose Astrovirus AAstV/Goose/CHN/2023/C1 (GenBank No. PP108251), was obtained through segmental amplification, sequencing, and assembly. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to GoAstV-1 subtype B. Experimental inoculation of one-day-old goslings with the virus (10− 4.834 ELD50/0.5 mL) resulted in a mortality rate of 5 out of 15 and a reduction in growth rates. Pathological examination indicated viral damage to the intestines, liver, spleen, and kidneys. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the genetic evolution and pathogenicity of GoAstV-1 and provide critical insights for disease prevention and control strategies in Sichuan province.
Metallo-serine protease mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles with enhanced therapeutic properties
Authors: Khan Zahoor , Shafique Maryam , Khan Sumera Afzal , Hayat Fawad , Jabeen Nusrat , Naz Sehar Afshan
Published: November 2024

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess distinctive physicochemical properties which make them well-suited for various commercial applications. Herein, we developed a single-step and efficient technique for AgNPs biosynthesis using a metallo-serine protease as a bio-reducing agent employing hydrothermal method. The optimal conditions for AgNPs biosynthesis were 600 U mL⁻¹ enzyme concentration and 1.25% (5 mM) silver nitrate, with steam sterilization for 2 min at 121 °C and 15 psi. During characterization, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy revealed spherical particles with silver peaks at 3.00-3.5 keV and counts of ~50-350. X-ray Diffraction indicated a crystalline structure with an average particle size of 30.07 nm, while Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups of carboxylic acids, amine salts, and alkyl aryl ethers, involved in bio-capping and stabilization of the nanoparticles. The particles demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, and Enterococcus faecalis at 100 μg mL⁻¹. Moreover, AgNPs also exhibited notable radical scavenging activity of 68.15% at 500 μg mL⁻¹, suggesting their potential antitumor properties. These findings present protease-assisted hydrothermal synthesis as an alternative method for producing metal nanoparticles with extended therapeutic properties.
CK1δ/e-mediated TDP-43 phosphorylation contributes to early motor neuron disease toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ko Vivian I. , Ong Kailee , Kwon Deborah Y. , Li Xueying , Pietrasiewicz Alicia , Harvey James S. , Lulla Mukesh , Bhat Guruharsha , Cleveland Don W. , Ravits John M.
Published: November 2024

Hyperphosphorylated TDP-43 aggregates in the cytoplasm of motor neurons is a neuropathological signature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These aggregates have been proposed to possess a toxic disease driving role in ALS pathogenesis and progression, however, the contribution of phosphorylation to TDP-43 aggregation and ALS disease mechanisms remains poorly understood. We’ve previously shown that CK1δ and CK1ε phosphorylate TDP-43 at disease relevant sites, and that genetic reduction and chemical inhibition could reduce phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) levels in cellular models. In this study, we advanced our findings into the hTDP-43-ΔNLS in vivo mouse model of ALS and TDP-43 proteinopathy. This mouse model possesses robust disease-relevant features of ALS, including TDP-43 nuclear depletion, cytoplasmic pTDP-43 accumulation, motor behavior deficits, and shortened survival. We tested the effect of homozygous genetic deletion of Csnk1e in the hTDP-43-ΔNLS mouse model and observed a delay in the formation of pTDP-43 without significant ultimate rescue of TDP-43 proteinopathy or disease progression. Homozygous genetic deletion of Csnk1d is lethal in mice, and we were unable to test the role of CK1δ alone. We then targeted both CK1δ and CK1ε kinases by way of CK1δ/ε-selective PF-05236216 inhibitor in the hTDP-43-ΔNLS mouse model, reasoning that inhibiting CK1ε alone would be insufficient as shown by our Csnk1e knockout mouse model study. Treated mice demonstrated reduced TDP-43 phosphorylation, lowered Nf-L levels, and improved survival in the intermediate stages. The soluble TDP-43 may have been more amenable to the inhibitor treatment than insoluble TDP-43. However, the treatments did not result in improved functional measurements or in overall survival. Our results demonstrate that phosphorylation contributes to neuronal toxicity and suggest CK1δ/ε inhibition in combination with other therapies targeting TDP-43 pathology could potentially provide therapeutic benefit in ALS.
Research on brain network analysis under auditory Oddball paradigm
Authors: duan fang , yan jiale , che yan , chen hui , yan zheng
Published: November 2024

Researches suggest that the auditory brain network exhibits a lateral organization. In this study, 93 adults were recruited to examine the phenomena by analyzing the EEG data collected under the auditory Oddball paradigm. The brain networks were estimated using weighted phase lag index (WPLI) to study the connectivity tendency between brain regions by extracting the connection strength. The auditory network was the focused of our study. We found that better integration of brain connections was located in the right auditory cortex via the alpha band brain networks, and these connections facilitated more efficient communications with other regions. Most of the lateralization was driven by the differences of interactions between the left and right hemispheres. To a large extent, we assumed that the brain processes relatively complex auditory information and the high level of connectivity in the right auditory cortex. These results indicate that lateralization of functional connections in our brain was more evident when processing complex auditory information.
Seasonality in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Other Autoimmune Diseases Based on Severity of Immunity: Elucidating the Etiology with 40 years of Analysis
Authors: OZEN Gulsum , ZANFARDINO Angela , OZEN Gulsah , ACAN Burak , TINTO Nadia , IAFUSCO Fernanda , GIUDICE Emanuele Miraglia DEL , AYCAN Zehra , IAFUSCO Dario
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Some studies discuss the seasonality of T1DM, none of them evaluate this relationship based on the severity of immune response.We aimed to elucidate the role of the severity of autoimmunity and environmental factors in the etiology of DM.
Methods: The study population includes 2954 patients diagnosed with T1DM between 1981-2022. We evaluated the seasonal incidence of T1DM and other common autoimmune diseases according to age of diagnosis.
Results: The majority of patients with only DM were born in spring-summer season. However, this relationship was found only in patients were diagnosed after 3 years of age. While the diagnose season did not differ in patients diagnosed with DM at an early age, the patients diagnosed at older ages were mostly diagnosed in the autumn-winter season. As the number of co-existing autoimmune diseases increased and the age at the diagnosis decreased, seasonality relationship weakened, inversely related to the severity of the immune response.
Conclusion: This study showed that while the onset of disease at an early age and the presence of multiple autoimmune diseases are associated with strong immunity, environmental factors seem to be less effective than genetic factors in the etiology of T1DM. The presence of seasonality in patients over 3 years of age that lacked before this age or the lack of seasonality in patients with other autoimmune diseases associated with diabetes shows the extreme heterogeneity of T1DM pathogenesis. If in the future it will be possible to act with preventive interventions, this has to be taken into account.
Game-related Behavior among Adolescents and its Association with Psychological Distress
Authors: Amran Muhammad Syawal , Roslan Muhammad Zaheerul , Sommer Werner , Surat Shahlan , Kutty Faridah Mydin
Published: November 2024

The use of games for reducing stress or as a form of entertainment has risen over the past decade especially due to their capabilities to be played on various devices and the rapid growth of the gaming industry. However, prolonged engagement with games could potentially lead to negative psychological health impacts. With the present research, we aimed to shed light on the relationship between game addiction and psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) among adolescents. A total of 829 participants (mean age = 18.398 ± 0.509) completed a set of questionnaires consisting of the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents (GAS-21) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The findings reveal that 20.6% of males in the study exhibit problematic levels of game addiction while it was only 8.1% for the female adolescents in the study. Furthermore, adolescents who spent more than 7 hours of screen time daily (14.0%) were more likely to have problematic levels of game addiction compared to their counterparts who spent less screen time usage. The study showed positive correlations between game addiction with depression (r = 0.186), anxiety (r = 0.142), and stress (r = 0.149). Additionally, depression was found to be statistically significant as a predictor for game addiction (\(\:{R}^{2}\) = 0.036). These findings indicate that adolescents classified as having a gaming disorder not only exhibit characteristics of game-related behavior but may be psychologically vulnerable and need support from the social environment.
Genetic Variability and Associations among Yield and Yield Related Traits of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Genotypes in North Wollo, Ethiopia
Authors: Wudu Eshetie , Mekonnen Fikru
Published: November 2024

Tef is one of the most important crops widely cultivated throughout Ethiopia as a staple cereal crop. Assessment of genetic variability in crop species is one of the major activities of plant breeding which helps to design breeding methods to meet diversified goals. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the extent of genetic variability and associations among yield and yield related traits of tef. A total of sixty-four tef genotypes were evaluated for 15 traits using simple lattice design at Sirinka in the 2022 cropping season. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p<0.01) and significant (p<0.05) differences among genotypes at Sirinka. Lodging index showed the highest phenotypic coefficients of variation (30.1%). Grain yield, biomass and harvest index showed moderate (10-20%) phenotypic coefficients of variation. Moderate (10-20%) genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for the number of spikelets per panicle (10.3%), grain yield (12.3), harvest index (14.1%) and lodging index (17.9%). Panicle length (74) and culm length (68.9) showed that highest heritability. Moderate heritability value coupled with moderate genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was noted for number of spikelets per panicle, above-ground biomass, grain yield and peduncle length. Both at genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients showed a positive association of grain yield with number of spikelets per panicle, plant height and harvest index.
Computational Design of Potent gp120 Receptor Antagonists via Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations and the gp120-CD4 Interaction
Authors: Sheikholeslami Mahsa , Sirous Hajar , Fassihi Afshin
Published: November 2024

The gp120 receptor, a surface receptor of the HIV virus, is one of the key targets for designing drugs that inhibit the viral entry into the host cells. This study aims to design powerful drug-amino acid hybrids by utilizing existing gp120 inhibitors available on the market and the natural ligand of this molecule on host lymphocytes, CD4. Using docking and molecular dynamics simulations, the best candidates for future studies are proposed. In this study, drug-amino acid hybrids were designed by identifying the amino acids involved in the viral binding to its natural receptor in the host body. The chemically feasible connection sites to the inhibitory molecule of the receptor were identified and used for conjugation with amino acids. Virtual screening and molecular docking were used to identify in silico the strongest drug-amino acid hybrids. The pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness parameters of the selected hybrids were also assessed. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the stability of the hybrid gp120 complex. Virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in silico evaluations of pharmacokinetic features led to four drug-amino acid hybrids derived from Temsavir. Two of them showed suitable pharmacodynamic properties and stability in binding to the receptor compared with Temsavir. The results of this study may facilitate future research for the development and rational design of new gp120 receptor inhibitors.