bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le droit à la réputation de l’État
Authors: Gren Marie
Published: February 2022

Crim., 27 mars 2018, QPC nº 17-84.511 : « […] Attendu qu’aucune des dispositions légales critiquées ne permet à un État étranger, pas plus qu’à l’État français, d’engager une poursuite en diffamation sur le fondement de la loi du 29 juillet 1881 sur la liberté de la presse, un État ne pouvant être assimilé à un particulier au sens de l’article 32, alinéa 1 er , de cette loi ; […] Qu’enfin, en troisième lieu, le demandeur n’est pas fondé à se prévaloir, sur le fondement de l’article 2 de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789, d’un prétendu droit constitutionnel à la protection de la réputation ; D’où il suit que la question posée ne présente pas un caractère sérieux »
Intérêt social, prise en considération des enjeux sociaux et environnementaux, raison d’être : étude historique sur les fondements conceptuels de l’article 169 de la loi du 22 mai 2019
Authors: Simon Victor
Published: February 2022

Loi nº 2019-486 du 22 mai 2019 relative à la croissance et la transformation des entreprises, art. 169, I, 1º-2º : I. – Le chapitre I er du titre IX du livre III du code civil est ainsi modifié : 1º L’article 1833 est complété par un alinéa ainsi rédigé : « La société est gérée dans son intérêt social, en prenant en considération les enjeux sociaux et environnementaux de son activité. » ; 2° L’article 1835 est complété par une phrase ainsi rédigée : « Les statuts peuvent préciser une raison d’être, constituée des principes dont la société se dote et pour le respect desquels elle entend affecter des moyens dans la réalisation de son activité. »
Long-term Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Adult Scoliosis
Authors: Changoor Stuart , Faloon Michael J. , Dunn Conor J. , Sahai Nikhil , Issa Kimona , Moore Jeffrey , Sinha Kumar , Hwang Ki Soo , Emami Arash
Published: February 2022

The literature has shown the importance of long-term follow-up for adults with scoliosis treated surgically because complication and revision rates are high. The goal of this study was to determine long-term outcomes and complications of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) with posterior instrumentation for adult patients with scoliosis. A retrospective review of our institution's database was performed to identify adult patients with scoliosis treated with LLIF between 2008 and 2013 with a minimum follow-up of 4 years. Medical records were reviewed for complications and revisions. Pre- and postoperative deformity Cobb angle measurements were taken as well as pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL). Functional outcome scores, including Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale score for back and leg pain, were assessed preoperatively and at follow-up. Standard binomial and categorical comparative analysis was performed. The 26 patients included had a mean age of 62 years, mean follow-up of 89 months, and mean of 1.8 levels per operation. Four patients (15.4%) required revisions. Mean deformity Cobb angle was 26° preoperatively and 14° postoperatively. Mean PI-LL mismatch was 11.7° preoperatively and 5.9° postoperatively. Nineteen (73%) patients had a PI-LL mismatch greater than 10° preoperatively, whereas only 2 (7.7%) had a mismatch postoperatively. Improvement was seen in all functional outcome scores. Long-term clinical results of LLIF for adults with deformity showed a low proportion of revision in the treatment of a condition with an established high rate of revision. The ability to reduce pelvic mismatch may further reduce the rate of revision. In this study, LLIF resulted in improved functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(3):e134–e139.]
Disseminated Tele-OSCE During a Pandemic: One University's Experience
Authors: Boardman Charles , Knight Elizabeth P. , Gavilanes Jesika S , MacMillan Corey , Chatelain Tru , Vick Emma , D'Aubrey Jill , Saville Allard Brian
Published: February 2022

Background:

Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in-person educational activities were suspended across the globe throughout 2020. In health care education, this required a swift, creative response to maintain the flow of trained clinicians into the workforce without compromising the integrity of core learning outcomes. Early during the pandemic, remote synchronous simulation emerged as a compelling focus of the overall strategy.

Method:

At one large health sciences university in the northwestern United States, family nurse practitioner faculty worked closely with the Simulation Operations team to plan, deliver, and assess a pilot tele-OSCE (objective structured clinical examination).

Results:

In postevent debriefs and surveys, both standardized patients and students affirmed that the activity was generally safe, accessible, and high value.

Conclusion:

With appropriate planning, consensus building, and technology readiness assessment, tele-OSCEs can play a critical role in sustaining the flow of health care students into the workforce during a pandemic.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(2):107–110.]
Using COVID-19 Opportunities to Enrich Student Experiences
Authors: Heywood Natalie
Published: February 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has and continues to challenge nursing faculty in providing students with traditional capstone experiences. Because of the pandemic, nursing students have been limited in participating in traditional capstone projects within community and health care settings.

Method:

In collaboration with the local public health department, senior nursing students were asked to volunteer in a public health project called a Serosurvey. Faculty quickly pivoted course curriculum to continue to meet course outcomes, while incorporating the Serosurvey as an alternative capstone project.

Results:

A total of 85 baccalaureate nursing students participated in the alternative capstone project. Students were active participants in the interprofessional project, which increased their awareness of public health needs and issues while fostering critical thinking, time management, and resilience skills.

Conclusion:

Nursing faculty can identify opportunities presented by the COVID-19 pandemic and quickly involve their students in projects and community work as part of their curriculum.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(2):105–106.]
English-Medium Instruction for the Tertiary Level in a Multilingual and Multicultural Context
Authors: Pham Duc Huu
Published: February 2022

The influence from the developed countries has extended to most parts of Asia, especially Southeast Asia. This has given rise to the issues of multilingual and multicultural conflicts, especially in the post-COVID-19 outbreak. A multicultural society usually has many different ethnic or national cultures mingling freely, involving in social policies which support or encourage cultural practices, and together with this is the coexistence of multilingualism. Bilingualism or multilingualism is a challenging field that stems from diverse interdisciplinary interests and results from numerous variables that are closely related. From a more realistic view of multilingualism, language specialists can make learning languages in the classroom and in social environments a positive experience in which both or more languages are valued. All the issues related to the English-medium instruction for the tertiary level in a multilingual and multicultural context will be presented in the chapter.
Teacher Agency in Creating Multilingual and Multicultural Pedagogies in College Classrooms
Authors: Weng Zhenjie , Ataei Susan
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores one ESL composition instructor's agency in creating a multilingual and multicultural classroom as well as promoting translanguaging pedagogies in a mid-western U.S. university. Data for this ethnographic case study include classroom fieldnotes, audio recordings, interviews, and artifacts. Adopting three bodies of literature—Funds of Knowledge, translanguaging, and teacher agency—data analyses highlight three major themes: (1) the teacher's agentive display of his own multilingual and multicultural identity, (2) his encouragement on students' use of their full linguistic repertoires for learning, and (3) his utilization of students' cultural funds of knowledge in classroom discussions and writing. His agentic instructional decisions in teaching reflect his valuation of students' linguistic and cultural backgrounds and also indicate his cultivation of students' multilingual and multicultural writer identity. As few studies have explored language teacher agency and Funds of Knowledge in higher education contexts, this chapter further enriches current literature.
Rethinking Education
Authors: Charamba Erasmos , Nkomo Sibhekinkosi Anna
Published: February 2022

The emergence of COVID-19 resulted in the immediate indefinite suspension of traditional contact classes across the world in a bid to contain the spread of the virus. This disrupted the normal instructional routine leaving institutions with only one option: e-learning. E-learning is a technological pedagogy that supports teaching and learning using electronic mail, the internet, the world wide web and can either be synchronous or asynchronous. Today's multilingual technology has gone beyond the question of which language dominates the educational space. The acknowledgment and accommodation of heteroglossic perspectives in e-learning rejects engraved ideologies that posit monolingualism as a norm in education. It further justifies acknowledging that multilingualism is not new, even if the dramatic secularisation of the term seems recent. Through sociolinguistic lens embedded in the funds of knowledge, this chapter seeks to explore the role language plays in e-learning and how educators can use multilingualism as a teaching/learning resource.
Difficulties of Native Chinese Speakers in Learning Passive Voice in English and Recommendations for Teaching in the Context of Multilingualism
Authors: Wu Manfred Man-fat
Published: February 2022

The acquisition of grammar, in addition to being a key aspect of development in language competence, helps learners overcome monolingual bias. Among the various grammar items, the English passive, especially in the written form, is a pre-requisite for academic success in higher education. This chapter reports the findings of a corpus research study on the difficulties faced by Chinese learners of English in learning English passive. This study proposed that four major factors that contribute to the difficulties for Chinese learners in learning English passive. Two corpora containing written academic essays by Chinese learners of English who were mainly undergraduates were selected in this study for analysis. Data from two corpora were extracted and analysed, and results from both sources provide support to most of the types of difficulties proposed in this study. Based on the results of this study, four recommendations are offered.
Applying Transreading in Teaching Literaturphilosophie
Authors: Zhang Huiwen Helen , Buchele Steven , Raine Devin P. , Reaves John T. , VanderVeen Mark Brennen
Published: February 2022

This chapter illustrates how to apply the multilingual and multicultural method of transreading in teaching Literaturphilosophie. Transreading integrates four components: lento reading, poetic translation, cultural hermeneutics, and creative writing; its principles can be distilled from the methods employed by trailblazers in trans-lingual, trans-continental, and trans-era dialogue. As will be demonstrated, transreading, when incorporated into the classroom—even the classroom with a homogenous student body—promotes multilingual and multicultural perspectives. In Part 1, a teacher describes how transreading enables her effectively to introduce philosopher-poet Olav H. Hauge to non-Norwegian audiences, while showcasing student responses in the journey to decoding Hauge's intellectual collages. In Part 2, three students share their individual transreadings of Laozi, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche. This panoramic picture of its academic, pedagogic, and artistic applications establishes how transreading benefits scholars, educators, and students alike by combining proven techniques that enable cross-cultural critique with deeper understanding.
Bibliographic Analysis of Medication Adherence and Use of Reminders
Authors: Saha Saibal Kumar
Published: February 2022

The study aimed to highlight the work of different researchers and publication platforms in disseminating knowledge about medication adherence and the use of reminders. The trend of publication, prominent contributors, funders, countries, and shift in the use of reminders was encompassed based on bibliographic and text analysis. Articles published in the last ten years between 2011 to 2020 were extracted from the Scopus database. Data of 1007 articles were analysed in VOS viewer to obtain graphs and network diagrams. Most of the research was done in the United States (526 documents). The research conducted by Harvard Medical School had the maximum number of publications (42). In recent years there has been active publication from the countries like Norway, France, Singapore and China. It was also found that studies at the beginning of the decade were mainly focused on SMS and mobile phone interventions. The trend has shifted towards intentions like mobile applications, and the term “mhealth” is used more in the current years.
An Improved Supervised Classification Algorithm in Healthcare Diagnostics for Predicting Opioid Habit Disorder
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Singh Akansha , Singh Poonam , Yadav Sanjana
Published: February 2022

Opioid Habit Disorder (OHD), which has become a mass health epidemic, is defined as the psychological or physical dependency on opioids. This study demonstrates how supervised machine learning procedures help us investigate and examine massive data to discover the hidden patterns in any disease to deliver adapted dealing and predict the disease in any patient. This work presents a generalized model for forecasting a disease in the healthcare sector. The proposed model was investigated and tested using a reduced feature-set of the Opioid Habit Disorder (OHD) dataset collected from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) using an improved Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (pro-IDT) algorithm. The proposed healthcare model is also compared with further machine learning algorithms such as ID3, Random Forest, and Bayesian Classifier in Python programming. The performance of the proposed work and other machine-learning algorithms has estimated accuracy, precision, misclassification rate, recall, specificity, and F1 score.
The Facilitative Effect of Impulsiveness on the Dark Triad and Social Network Sites Addiction
Authors: Lee Soon Li , Tan Ye Earn , Tam Cai Lian , Ahn Jiseon
Published: February 2022

This research investigated the relationships of the Dark Triad, impulsiveness, and social network sites (SNS) addiction with adolescents. In particular, this research examined the indirect effects of the measured motor, attentional, and nonplanning impulsiveness on the relationship of the Dark Triad and SNS addiction. To examine the possible antecedents of SNS addiction, 169 adolescents aged 14-17 were recruited for this research. After obtaining informed consents from their legal guardians, these adolescents completed the Dirty Dozen, the modified Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale – version 11. Results showed that the Dark Triad composite score was positively correlated with SNS addiction and the different aspects of impulsiveness, while SNS addiction was positively correlated with motor impulsiveness. The indirect effect of motor impulsiveness on the relationship of the Dark Triad and SNS addiction was significant. The present findings provide theoretical insights to the development of SNS addiction.
Impact of Premium and Price Cuts on Consumer Purchase Intention
Authors: Chen Yi-Fen , Tsai Chia-Wen , Kuswanto Priscilia Vanessa
Published: February 2022

This study aims to compare the price cut and premium promotion with study moderators are discount depth size, product type, premium characteristics, and country effect (Indonesia and Taiwan). The experiment was designed as: (promotional discount / price cut) x 2 (discount depth size: high / low) x 2 (product type: hedonic / utilitarian) x 2 (country effect: Indonesia / Taiwan) and (promotional discount / premium promotion) x 2 (discount depth size: high / low) x 2 (product type: hedonic / utilitarian) x 2 (premium characteristics: related / unrelated) x 2 (country effect: Indonesia / Taiwan). Total of 12 groups of experimental design, verified by 808 valid questionnaires were studied (420 from Indonesia and 387 from Taiwan). The results revealed that the impact of price cut on purchase intention is systematically more than that of equivalent premium promotion between Indonesia and Taiwan. Furthermore, when the discount depth size is low and product type is hedonic and the premium promotion could lead to higher purchase intention than price cut.
Social Media Marketing Strategies of Football Clubs
Authors: Ong Wee Hern , Leng Ho Keat
Published: February 2022

Sports organisations, including football clubs, are using social media to connect with spectators. The aim of this study is to examine whether social influence on social media can increase attendance at matches. In particular, it aims to examine the effect of negative comments on consumer behaviour and how social influence differs across fans of varying levels of fandom. 89 respondents were randomly allocated to 3 groups. Respondents in the Control Group were exposed to a Facebook page of a football club without any comments while respondents in Experimental Group 1 and 2 were exposed to the same Facebook page but with additional positive and negative comments respectively. A one-way between-groups analysis of variance showed no statistical difference between the three groups on perception of quality of the players and the coaches, and intention to watch future matches. While earlier studies have shown that social influence on social media can affect consumer behaviour, this study found that social influence may be limited in affecting spectator perceptions and behaviour.
A Contextualization of the Technology Acceptance Model to Social Media Adoption Among University Students in Cameroon
Authors: Watat Josue Kuika , Bonaretti Dario
Published: February 2022

The outbreak of the World Wide Web and of web 2.0 technologies, coupled with various increased forms of social interaction on globalized digital networks, has not spared higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Through social media, students can share points of view and ideas on common themes, unite around communities they have created sharing the same interests and the same ideology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social media on student performance using an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The data collected from 460 students and analyzed using SmartPLS software and Structural Equation Modeling revealed that (1) Perceived Satisfaction, Attitude, Intention to Use have a significant influence on academic performance and that (2) Agreeableness and Openness significantly contribute to Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness. This research adds to the existing literature by modeling and evaluating a social media and personality traits-based model, thus offering a holistic approach to understanding social media use in Higher Education.
Technology Characteristics as Predictors of Psychological Strain
Authors: Issa Helmi
Published: February 2022

Drawing on the work system misfit model, the present research developed and tested a model consisting of three technology characteristics (usefulness, presenteeism, and responsiveness) as antecedents, five techno-stressors (techno-overload, techno-complexity, techno-uncertainty, techno-invasion, and techno-insecurity) as mediators, and psychological strain as an outcome. A web-based survey questionnaire was utilized by surveying 163 employees from different financial and technological organizations. Two contributions with practical and theoretical significance were offered by the current research. First, this research delivered new insights for organizations to develop their technological environments and consequently, improve their employees’ mental health. Second, this research developed a short measure of a new dynamic technology feature (i.e., responsiveness) that may be used by scholars and practitioners in the broad Information Systems discipline.
Correlation of the Chemical Composition and Structural Characteristics in the Partially Substituted Spinel Ferrites
Authors: Sherstyuk D.P. , Zhivulin V.E. , Vinnik Denis
Published: February 2022

An urgent task in the field of creating new functional oxide materials is to obtain products with specified properties for specific requirements, which will expand the field of application of such materials in practice. The result of work on this problem will be discussed.
The paper presents the results of obtaining and studying the structure and properties of nickel-zinc ferrites doped with cobalt, with the general formula Ni0.3Zn0.7-xCoxFe2O4 (with the substitution x equal to 0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5). The samples were obtained by solid-phase synthesis in a tube furnace with silicon carbide heaters at a temperature of 1150 °C. The porosity of the materials obtained was calculated. For porous ceramic materials, it is one of the quality criteria.
Structural Features of Ni-Based Self-Fluxing Alloy Protective Layers, Produced by Non-Vacuum Electron Beam Cladding, Reinforced with Titanium-Based Particles
Authors: Zimoglyadova Tatyana , Skorokhod Ksenia , Cherkasov Denis
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research was to establish influence of Ti-enriched powder mixtures on structure and microhardness level of protective layers based on Ni-Cr-Si-B-alloy, produced with non-vacuum electron beam cladding technology. The fabricated protective layers possessed the complex structure, consisting of matrix phase (γ-(Ni, Fe)) combined with hard phases such as Fe2B, CrB and TiC. Addition of titanium with boron in amount of 15 wt. % leads to significant increasing of microhardness level. In this case, level of microhardness increases up to 700 HV.
Effect of Surface Tension of Intrapore Fluid on Physicochemical Properties of Al2O3·nH2O
Authors: Maiorov Dmitry , Velyaev Yuriy , Yakovlev Kirill
Published: February 2022

This paper shows the research results on the effect of the surface tension of the intrapore liquid on the specific surface and pore volume of hydrated aluminum oxide (HAO) obtained by treating aluminum potassium alum with ammonia. It is established that water replacement by acetone before drying allows practically ~ 4 times to raise both specific surface area (SBET), and specific pore volume (VBJH). There are obtained the equations, which connect specific surface area and specific pore volume of synthesized HAO samples with the surface tension of inner-pore medium. It has been found that in the initial presence of water in the aluminum hydroxide pores, the average pore diameter of the dried product is 3÷4 nm. Treatment of the synthesized sample with acetone increases the average pore diameter of the dried product to 5÷10 nm. The process of sorption of nitrogen and water vapors with HAO samples was investigated. The capacity of monomolecular absorption layer (Qm), constant C of BET equation and change of internal energy of system into sorption processes (ΔGo) are calculated.
Assessment of Fracture Mechanisms and Temperature of Ductile-Brittle Transition of Metals Obtained on the Basis of 3D Printing Using Neural Network Modeling and Fractal Analysis
Authors: Anosov Maksim S. , Ryabov Dmitry A. , Shatagin Dmitrii A.
Published: February 2022

In this work, a study of the structure, impact toughness and mechanisms of destruction of steels 08Mn2Si and 07Cr25Ni13 was carried out using optical and electron microscopy. It was found that with a decrease in temperature, the level of impact toughness of the studied steels significantly decreases, so at a temperature of t = -100°C, the impact toughness of 08Mn2Si and 07Cr25Ni13 steel decreases by 83% and 45%, respectively, relative to the temperature t = +20°C. For steel 07Cr25Ni13, in the entire considered range, only the tough component is present in the fracture and there is no temperature of ductile-brittle transition, whereas for steel 08Mn2Si, already at temperatures below t = -41°C (ductile-brittle transition of steel 08Mn2Si), the brittle component begins to dominate and significantly the likelihood of its fragile destruction increases. On the basis of the obtained electronic photographs of the kinks, an artificial neural network (ANN) for the classification of kinks was trained and tested for intermediate test temperatures. When recognizing the viscous component in the fractures of 08Mn2Si steel obtained using the 3D-printing technology by electric arc surfacing, the recognition error does not exceed 7% with the use of ANN.
Technological Justification of the Possibility of Applying Wear-Resistant Coatings to Strengthen Machine Parts
Authors: Permyakov D.N. , Astashchenko V.I. , Kugul'tinov S.D.
Published: February 2022

The technology of restoring worn-out engine parts using modern techniques for applying wear-resistant diamond-like (DLC) coatings has been analyzed. To simplify the coating technology and reduce the wear of the highly adhesive deposited layer, applying metal-containing adhesive undercoats has been proposed. The camshaft surface wear types have been studied.The dependence of the change in the oil film thickness in the camshaft -follower contact zone on the cam rotation angle at a rotation frequency of 1,500 rpm is given. The contact causes an unsteady friction surface lubrication mode and intensive wear of the material in the contact zone.To apply a wear-resistant coating, ion etching has been proposed, followed by spattering a tungsten layer with a thickness of up to 10 μm on the product surface with subsequent 20 μm thick tungsten carbide-based coating using microwave plasma. Such a gradient structure over the cross-section of the wear-resistant coating allows achieving the best product performance.The values ​​for the change in surface temperature in the cam-follower friction pair contact zone are given. Nitride, carbonitride, and other types of wear-resistant coatings, their recommended thicknesses, and maximum allowable operating temperatures are given. The hardness of various coatings and possible types of their destruction are shown.The reasons for adhesive and cohesive delamination of wear-resistant coatings are shown, and ways to eliminate this phenomenon are proposed.
Ducat Deposit Concentrate Pyrometallurgical Processing Technology
Authors: Nikanorov A. V. , Azarov E.Yu.
Published: February 2022

A rational way to process silver-containing concentrates of the Dukat Mining & Processing Plant has been proposed and justified based on a series of physical and chemical studies and large-scale laboratory and factory tests, which comprises arranging a combined enrichment and metallurgical scheme primarily aimed at obtaining two silver-containing products best meeting the pyro-and hydrometallurgical processing requirements by column flotation. Obtaining a rough silver-gold alloy comprises two basic process operations: redox roasting of concentrate and electric smelting of the roasted product to an internal collector using soda ash as a flux. It has been experimentally established that the concentrate roasting in the oxidizing mode does not allow sufficiently stable extracting noble metals into a compact dore bead by crucible fusion. Adding a reducing agent to the roasting charge has allowed stabilizing the process. Electric smelting is characterized by mechanical loss of silver with a secondary matte phase and in the form of metal beads ranging in size from 5 to 300 μm, which have failed to pass into the bottom phase in the time allotted. The developed technology is universal and allows processing ores with various material compositions.
Composite Chrome Coatings in Aluminum Production
Authors: Baranov A.N.
Published: February 2022

The technology of applying the composite chrome-carbon coating to protect the conductive cathode pins in the aluminum industry is developed in this paper. The coating is based on the ability of fine-dispersed particles with size less than 0.5 micron.
Methods for the Determination of Chloride-Ion in Soils from the Territory of Nearby Metallurgical Enterprises: Guidelines for Selection
Authors: Bogomolova Svetlana A. , Muravyeva Irina V.
Published: February 2022

The article presents an approach to the selection of a method for the determination of chloride ion in soils nearby metallurgical enterprise. A complex quality indicator is proposed as a criterion in selecting the rational quantitative chemical analysis procedures.
Expanding the Application Scope of Fine Dust from Petroleum Coke Calcining Furnaces in Aluminum Production
Authors: Tyutrin Andrey A. , Burdonov Alexander E. , Bushuev Konstantin S.
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the formation and recycling of finely dispersed carbon dust that is captured by electric filters in petroleum coke calcination kilns. The paper analyzes the physical and chemical properties of such dust; it is a fine powder with a particle size of 60 μm and a density of 1.98 g/cm3; the ash content of the samples in this research was 0.97% on average, and the volatile yield was 1.45%. This waste could be of use in a variety of industries as a fuel; it could also be used as a reductant once pelletized. The paper proposes a pelletizing method using various binders: liquid glass, sodium lignosulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, cement, and dust produced by cleaning anode gases of electrolysis units. The method involves mixing carbon dust with the required amount of the binder and adding water to reach the required moisture content in the charge. The resulting charge is then to be pressed in a mold at up to 250 MPa. The research team studied how each of the binders affected the drop strength of the resulting pellets; the best results were obtained with a binder content of 5% to 6%; the drop resistance was best for liquid glass (85.0%), anode gas cleaning dust (75%), sodium lignosulfonate (94%), carboxymethyl cellulose (86%), and cement (93%).
Kinetics of the Formation of Bimetallic Compounds and the Distribution of Energy Components in the Explosion Welding Process
Authors: Kuz'min Vladimir I. , Lysak Vladimir I. , Kuz’min Evgeniy V.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the kinetics of packet formation and energy distribution in the process of explosion welding. The results of experimental determination of the components of the total energy balance during explosion welding and their influence on obtaining a given part profile are presented. The kinetics of the package motion during explosion welding with simultaneous formation of a bimetallic billet with a cylindrical profile is shown.
Criteria for Evaluating the Manufacturability of Steels when Cutting with an Edge Tool
Authors: Astashchenko V.I. , Mukhametzyanova G.F. , Shagiev A.G.
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive metallographic studies of steel forgings with different machinability by cutting with an edge tool were also completed. Structural features and properties of steel were revealed, having adversely influence on tool life and the process of chip formation during cutting. Metal Science criteria have been given for assessing the manufacturability of steel at machining operations. Microstructures of steel with satisfactory and unsatisfactory machinability are presented. The technological parameters of heat treatment of steel 18HGR have been established, causing a show of banding of ferrite-pearlite structure. The thermokinetic diagram shows an area of development of the segregation banding structure. An important role in assessing the manufacturability of steels is shown of the microhardness of individual structural components and the difference in values between them. The best results in machinability by cutting are observed when the microhardness of pearlite is not more than 350 HV, ferrite is not more than 210 HV and the difference in microhardness between these components is not more than 80 HV.
The Optimization of Sc Recovery from Red Mud Obtained by Water-Leaching of Bauxite-Sintering Product
Authors: Napol'skikh Julia A. , Shoppert Andrey A. , Loginova Irina V.
Published: February 2022

This study continues and develops approaching of bauxite residue treatment and associated waste for extracting highly valuable metals and scandium recovery by optimizing a hydrometallurgy method for process intensification. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted in a nitric acid medium on electrostatic precipitator dust (ESPD) received in bauxite sintering. The method includes prior water-leaching of ESPD and subsequent asid leaching experiments at different liquid-to-solid ratios, leaching times and temperatures. The maximum extraction of the scandium was around 76.5 % at pH=0.2. Experimental design based on response surface methodology was used for obtained values optimization. Researches have shown that the optimization of the conditions for the transfer of scandium from red mud to the leaching solution mainly depends on the pH that have to be adjusted in range 0.5-1.7. The pH should not be too low, since Sc does not have time to go into solution in the presence of iron and other elements, as well as too high, because high values lead to re-precipitation of Sc from the filtrate. Complete study for Sc recovery is under progress and is not elaborated here.
Process Development for Integrated Use of Metallurgical Production Wastes
Authors: Yur'ev Boris P. , Dudko Vyacheslav A.
Published: February 2022

A physicochemical mechanism was studied for carbon thermal reduction of zinc and iron oxides from blast furnace slurries as well as from gas cleaning unit dusts of steelmaking furnaces. With the use of the kinetic analysis the optimal conditions were defined for the carbon thermal reduction as well as the initial data for the development of the joint carbon thermal reduction processes of zinc and iron oxides. An appropriate and clean process was developed; it allows pellet production from zinc containing dusts and their processing in a rotating furnace with an almost complete zinc rundown and trapping in the hose filters; while the metallic iron remaining in the pellets may be used for conversion. The data obtained through the industrial testing confirms the appropriateness of the process implementation and allows the cost effectiveness analysis of the zinc containing dust reclaiming.
Indagine sul grado di conoscenza e di valutazione della normativa italiana in materia di prevenzione dell'AIDS
Authors: Cattorini P. , Bertoli E. , Buzzi F. , Gornati R. , Lazzarin A. , Morelli D. , Spagnolo A. G. , Zanchetti M.
Published: February 2022

L'articolo illustra i risultati derivanti dalla somministrazione di 451 questionari a pazienti affetti da Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) ricoverati in reparti di malattie infettive appositamente attrezzati per la cura dell'AIDS o afferenti ai relativi ambulatori o day-hospital. In particolare, l'indagine ha inteso verificare tra le persone intervistate l'effettiva conoscenza, comprensione, valutazione ed applicazione degli articoli 5 e 6 della legge italiana n°135 del 1990 su "Programma di interventi urgenti per la prevenzione e la lotta contro l'AIDS". Tali articoli, infatti, riguardano le normative sull'accertamento dell'infezione (art. 5) e il divieto per i datori di lavoro di svolgere indagini volte ad accertare la sieropositività dei propri dipendenti (art.6). L'indagine è stata condotta in tre ospedali: Centro S. Luigi dell'Istituto Scientifico Ospedale S. Raffaele di Milano (150 questionari), Policlinico S. Matteo di Pavia (150 questionari) e Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" di Roma (150 questionari). Il questionario è stato strutturato sulla base di doppie domande: una su ciò che il paziente personalmente pensa riguardo ai suoi "diritti", l'altra su ciò che il paziente pensa che la legge preveda. In generale sembra emergere che i soggetti intervistati sono coscienti di essere persone "infette", però in una comunità che tende a discriminarli. Non sembrano attendersi, inoltre, una piena tutela da parte dello Stato anche se rimangono propensi a collaborare perché la situazione cambi e sono, comunque, disposti ad accettare interventi normativi su se stessi a condizione della non discriminazione e che il loro sacrificio risulti veramente utile per la prevenzione della diffusione del contagio. Risalta, infine, l'esigenza di mantenere riservato lo stato di malattia nel luogo di lavoro.
I trapianti di organi nei dibattiti dell'etica contemporanea
Authors: Migone L.
Published: February 2022

L'articolo costituisce una "review" del confronto tra le varie posizioni etiche riguardo alla questione dei trapianti d'organo. L'Autore, dopo aver considerato rapidamente gli aspetti legali connessi all'argomento e stigmatizzato la pratica del "commercio" di organi, riflette su temi attinenti ai trapianti - come la corporeità, la morte cerebrale, l'espianto da cadavere - concludendo lo studio con la delineazione dei fondamenti etici alla base del trapianto d'organo.
Tolerance between religions through the role of local wisdom and religious moderation
Authors: Pajarianto Hadi , Pribadi Imam , Sari Puspa
Published: February 2022

Religion and culture play a central role in building harmonious relations between followers of different religions, both within the nuclear family and in the extended family. This study examines the revitalisation of religious moderation with a cultural approach in strengthening tolerance. Data was obtained qualitatively from in-depth interviews and observations of families of different religions, religious leaders, traditional leaders, and other relevant informants. The research findings show that the family institution is the most crucial place in carrying out moderate religious culturalisation through the local wisdom values of kasiuluran [kinship], tengko situru [togetherness], and karapasan [tenacity]. Institutionally, traditional leaders, religious leaders, and clans in Tongkonan encourage peace in society, both in traditional and religious activities. Meanwhile, religious celebrations, traditional ceremonies, and community activities are occasions to socialise and interact by placing a firm tolerance for religious differences.Contribution: This study contributes to the realisation of tolerance through the application of moderate religious values and local wisdom that the world needs today. Strengthening inter-religious relations is very important because the position of religion is complex and sensitive. This contribution is crucial in the midst of the rampant issue of radicalism in Indonesia lately.
Risperidone-Induced Maculopapular Rashes in a Child
Authors: Ali Enub , Sachdeva Ankur , Passi Shanta
Published: February 2022

We report the case and the literature focusing on dermatological problems as a possible side effect of risperidone. A 10-year-old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who was maintaining well on atomoxetine, developed rashes on addition of risperidone for behavioral problems. This prompted us to evaluate the relationship between skin rashes and risperidone. Maculopapular rashes resolved after risperidone was stopped following 3 days of treatment and resurfaced after rechallenge. These dermatological side effects were possibly induced by risperidone. Possible association of antipsychotics with dermatological side effects was explored and discussed. Antipsychotic use may present with maculopapular rashes as a side effect.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: David Deepu
Published: February 2022

Although eosinophilic esophagitis has been a commonly identified condition in Western countries, reports are emerging about an increasing incidence in developing countries. Multiple environmental factors and genetic susceptibility play a role in the development of this condition. Limited treatment modalities are available, and future research hopefully would guide further insights into effective management strategies of this condition.
Timing of excision of full-thickness burns and the effect of delay on outcome
Authors: Elmishat Faraj , Muganza Adelin R. , Bombil Ifongo , Mannell Aylwyn , Nel Marietha Johanna
Published: February 2022

Context:

The time of debridement of burn wounds is controversial. This study assessed the outcomes of various times of excision of full-thickness thermal burns involving a total body surface area (TBSA) of 15%–40% when immediate grafting is not possible.

Aims:

This study aimed to compare mortality rate and hospital days between very early excision, delayed early excision, and delayed excision.

Setting and Design:

This was a retrospective observational research study of 103 patients older than 18 years with full-thickness thermal burns involving a TBSA of 15%–40%, admitted to our Adult Burns Unit from January 2014 to December 2016.

Subjects and Methods:

Only “traditional” burn wound dressings such as Jelonet, Melladerm, Anticoat, or bandages were used without immediate skin grafting. Using the STATA Version 14.2 (College Hill, TX) statistical program, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare any two groups, the Kruskal–Wallis test to determine differences between any three groups and the Chi-square test to measure associations between gender and patient outcome. Linear regression was used to determine the predictors of the number of hospital days postsurgery.

Results:

With a median patient age of 34 years, 66% were male. The majority had delayed excision (41.7%), 34% had delayed early excision and 24.3% had very early excision.

Conclusions:

Where immediate cover after excision is not possible due to cost or availability, and the wound is only covered with “traditional” burn dressings, early excisions had no advantage over delayed excisions with regard to mortality rate or duration of hospital stay.
Lifetime child sexual abuse assessed at age 18
Authors: Singh Aditi , Rani Anjana , Menon Priya G. , Nair B. Sivasankaran , Thennarasu K. , Jaisoorya T. S.
Published: February 2022

Estimates of child sexual abuse (CSA) during adolescence may undercount exposure and retrospective recollection in adulthood may be prone to recall bias. Thus, a more accurate and CSA may be possible if the question is examined in a large sample of 18 years old. This study examined the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of CSA among college-going 18 years olds. This is a cross-sectional survey of college students. 1424 students from 58 colleges selected by cluster random sampling completed a self-administered questionnaire incorporating standardized instruments. Prevalence rates were calculated. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables and binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlates of CSA. CSA was reported by 13.2% and significantly more common among males compared to females (18.4% vs. 10.4%, P < 0.05). In the full model of binary logistic regression analysis, students who reported sexual abuse were significantly more likely to report psychological distress and suicidal thoughts. The finding was replicated even when male and female students were analyzed separately. To conclude, CSA is common among college students. With an increasing number of young people enrolling in colleges in India, timely interventions on campuses are important to reduce the psychological morbidity in this population.
Importance of careful clinical examination and multimodal imaging before injecting intravitreal steroid
Authors: Babu Naresh , Kohli Piyush , Shah Vedang , Ramasamy Kim
Published: February 2022

Intravitreal injections have now become the most preferred treatment for retinal vascular diseases. Intravitreal steroids are associated with complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). We report a case who developed CSCR after a single injection of intravitreal triamcinolone, given for the treatment of cystoid macular edema (CME) secondary to branch retinal venous occlusion (BRVO). On careful retrospective examination, we found that pachychoroid and a pigment epithelial detachment was present even before the injection was given. Four months postinjection, there was a recurrence of CME due to BRVO while there was no sign of CSCR. We emphasize on the importance of a careful clinical examination and appropriate interpretation of multimodal imaging before injecting intravitreal steroids.
Profile of orthoptic clinic patients at a tertiary care Government Medical University in North India
Authors: Chahal Vikas , Singh Vinita , Singh Jyotsana , Kaur Gurkiran , Srivastava Rajat M , Agrawal Siddharth
Published: February 2022

Aim:

This study aims to study clinicodemographic profile of patients presenting to orthoptic clinic over the previous 6 years.

Methods:

Records of all new patients registered at the orthoptic clinic over 6 years' (January 1, 2014, to December 31 2019) were retrieved. Details of patient demographics, clinical presentation and management were studied in this hospital-based descriptive observational study after obtaining institutional ethical clearance. Records that were incomplete and those of patients with a history of strabismus surgery at presentation were excluded from analysis. Exact binomial confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the estimates of proportion. The results were reported as percentage (95% CIs). Descriptive statistics were used for subtypes of strabismus and amblyopia.

Results:

Out of 1548 patients, 896 were male (57.88%) and 652 (42.12%) were female. Mean age at presentation was 18.53 ± 10.41 years. Comitant strabismus was seen in 1083 (69.96%) and incomitant in 203 (13.11%). Among comitant deviations exotropia (XT) was commonest (n = 511, 47.18%), 6th nerve palsy (34%) was the most common cause among incomitant deviations, Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) constituted 24% of restrictive strabismus and amblyopia was present in 16.71% (n = 331) of patients. The left eye (LE) was more frequently involved in unilateral amblyopia (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

In our study, male to female ratio was 1.37. XT, 6th Nerve palsy, and DRS were the commonest types of comitant, paralytic and restrictive deviations respectively. Prevalence and severity of different types of amblyopia have also been described.
Factors associated with nonregression of retinopathy of prematurity after laser treatment in western India
Authors: Kulkarni Sucheta R. , Nibandhe Ananya Sudhir , Kakade Nilesh A. , Bhatt Anuprita Gandhi , Deshpande Madan D.
Published: February 2022

Background:

To report the characteristics of preterm infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to establish the factors associated with nonregression of ROP.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study where data were collected retrospectively was carried out at a tertiary eye care center in Pune, India, from December 1, 2017, to November 30, 2019. All infants who were treated for severe ROP (either laser therapy or combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and laser) and had completed 3-month follow-up were included in the study. Nonregression was defined as a persistent plus disease/active new vessels, progression to tractional disease after 3 weeks of completion of treatment, or poor structural outcome (tractional retinal detachment) within 3 months of treatment. Data were assessed at 3 months to look for treatment outcome and reasons for nonregression. Association between risk factors and nonregression of ROP was analyzed using statistical tests.

Results:

Of the 210 eyes (105 infants) which were treated, 95 eyes (45.23%) had aggressive posterior ROP (APROP). Nonregression was documented in 12/210 (5.7%) eyes. At 3 months, ten eyes developed tractional retinal detachment whereas two eyes developed vitreous hemorrhage. Eleven of the 12 eyes had APROP (P = 0.0014). Ocular risk factors, systemic risk factors, and delayed institution of treatment were associated with nonregression in about a third of eyes (33.3%) each.

Conclusion:

Most nonregressing ROP cases are APROP in western India.