bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine, and ozonated water as irrigants in mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars
Authors: Pinheiro Sergio Luiz , Silva Caio Cesar da , Silva Lucas Augusto da , Cicotti Marina P. , Bueno Carlos Eduardo da Silveira , Fontana Carlos Eduardo , Pagrion Letícia R. , Dalmora Natália P. , Daque Thaís T. , Campos Francisco UF de
Published: March 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine, and ozonated water on biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans in mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental ex vivo study in microbiologic laboratory. Sixty mesiobuccal root canals with severe curvature of mandibular molars were contaminated with standard strains of E. faecalis, S. mutans, and C. albicans. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15) according to irrigating solution: SH: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; CH: 2% chlorhexidine; O3: ozonated water; and control: double-distilled water. The mesiobuccal root canals of all groups were instrumented with the WaveOne Gold Primary reciprocating system. Three cycles of instrumentation with three short in-and-out brushing motions were performed: (1) in the coronal third, (2) in the middle third, and (3) in the apical third of the canal. A ProGlider file was used before the first cycle. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Samples were collected for viable bacterial counts before and after instrumentation. Results: All groups showed significant biofilm reduction after irrigation (P < 0.01). After instrumentation, sodium hypochlorite (98.07%), chlorhexidine (98.31%), and ozonated water (98.02%) produced a significantly reduction in bacterial counts compared with double-distilled water (control, 72.98%) (P < 0.01). Conclusion: All irrigants tested in this study showed similar antimicrobial activity. Thus, ozonated water may be an option for microbial reduction in the root canal system.
Motrial, le premier méta-moteur de recherche des études cliniques sur les interventions non médicamenteuses (INM)
Authors: Ninot Grégory , Amadori Fabienne , Maitre Jérôme , Rapior Sylvie , Rivière Loric , Trouillet Raphaël , Carbonnel François
Published: March 2018

Le nombre de publications d’études cliniques évaluant les interventions non médicamenteuses (INM) augmente exponentiellement depuis 2000. Il encourage les chercheurs à réaliser les revues systématiques et les méta-analyses attendues par les professionnels de santé, les patients et les décideurs pour connaître leur efficacité réelle et leur indication pertinente. Seulement, la diversification des supports de communication médicale et scientifique, les stratégies opportunistes de publication, les informations manquantes dans les publications et la non exhaustivité des bases de données biomédicales rendent la recherche bibliographique complexe et à risque de biais. Pour répondre à ce manque, la Plateforme CEPS propose un moteur de recherche, appelé Motrial, qui permet de collecter, de trier et d’organiser les publications d’études cliniques sur les INM.
Les interventions non médicamenteuses (INM) : quel financement ?
Authors: Delande Guy
Published: March 2018

Cet article explique l’enjeu économique du développement des Interventions Non Médicamenteuses (INM). Il explique qu’une mise en œuvre d’un modèle économique plus diversifié qui permettra de compléter le remboursement conventionnel d’actes nomenclaturés par l’Assurance Maladie en autorisant de multiples financeurs, en concurrence de plus en plus frontale, à soutenir des initiatives nouvelles au fur et à mesure que leur valorisation scientifique se renforcera.
Abcès du chat à Mycobacterium chelonei
Authors: Thorel M. F. , Boisvert H.
Published: March 2018

Un cas à abcès cutanés multiples dû à Mycobacterium chelonei est décrit chez le chat.

L’origine éventuelle de ces abcès est discutée .
Nouvelle contribution à la chirurgie tendineuse. La scarification intra-tendineuse par tunnellisation. Apports nouveaux
Authors: Lesaffre R.
Published: March 2018

La technique de tunnellisation simplifie la technique opératoire à ciel ouvert, ce qui entraîne une diminution du temps de récupération par amélioration du processus cicatriciel et une réduction maximale des complications post-opératoires possibles.
Importance de la gastro-entérite transmissible dans l’étiologie des troubles digestifs du porc
Authors: Renault Lucien , Labadie J.-P. , Aynaud Jean-Marie , Vaissaire Josée , Maire Cl.
Published: March 2018

A partir de 106 porcelets, âgés de I jour à 5 semaines, atteints de troubles digestifs, les auteurs constatent la très grande importance de la gastro-entérite transmissible (66 p. 100 des 50 élevages étudiés) associée à la colibacillose dans la moitié des cas. Il s’agit de la forme aiguë classique, hautement contagieuse, d’incubation très courte et d'évolution rapide entraînant pratiquement 100 p. 100 de mortalité des porcelets âgés de moins de huit jours. Les deux tiers des cas restants correspondent à une forme sub aiguë atypique, de contagiosité irrégulière, d'incubation très variable et d’évolution longue, entraînant une mortalité nulle ou faible, mais surtout un retard de croissance au moment du sevrage ou pendant la période d’engraissement. La présence de cette dernière forme est peut-être en rapport avec l’existence de souches moins virulentes, mais plus vraisemblablement avec les entrées continuelles de porcs à l’engraissement et avec l’existence de mise-bas toute l'année dans les élevages.
Modification des propriétés antigéniques de Sarcocystis tenella exposé à des températures différentes
Authors: Bordjochki A. , Savin Z. , Sovitsch M.
Published: March 2018

Spores of Sarcocystis tenella heated at various temperatures (60 to 90° C) during JO to 40 mn, partly or totally loose their antigenic properties.
Contribution à l’étude de la toxicité et de l'activité antitumorale de l'amygdaline
Authors: Métianu Tibérius
Published: March 2018

The antitumoral activity of an extract of the apricot stone : «the amygdalin », has been checked on mice grafted with a tumor of human origin adapted to this species. A noticable delay has been shown on the malignant development in comparison with non treated mice. The substance has shown a low level of toxicity to laboratory animals used.
Probabilité d'une participation virale au cours d'un syndrome respiratoire chez des veaux de boucherie en élevage industriel : mise en évidence par la sérologie.
Authors: Espinasse Jacques , Charollais R. , Le Layec Cl. , Faye P.
Published: March 2018

In a group of seventy-two veal calves raised in a «battery» a respiratory syndrome occurred progressively over a period of 114 days of fattening, resulting in seven deaths. A serologic analysis was conducted on these animals using the following antigens : I.B.R. virus, B.V.D. virus, Adenovirus type III, Réovirus type III, Bovine respiratory syncytial (B.R.S.) virus, and Chlamydia psittaci. The results obtained from fifty-four serums (x 3) drawn on days 3, 37 and 76 are analyzed and discussed ; the possibility of an étiologie role for I.B.R., B.V.D. and B.R.S. viruses, and Chlamydia, as well as various bacteria (Pasteurella, Corynebacteria, B. Pyo-cyaneus) is considered.
Remarques sur une anémie infectieuse des carnivores domestiques et du cheval au Niger.
Authors: Grétillat Simon
Published: March 2018

Canine, equine and feline haemobartonellosis exists in Niger. One can observe two courses : the first is acute with hyperthermia, anoxemia, tuphos, recurrence, but the recovery is possible ; the second one is chronic, with slight fever, anorexia, épistaxis, general fatigue and ataxia. The therapeutic assays are disappointing. The disease is possibly transmitted by a blood-suckling arthropod.
Internal framework and geochemistry of the Carboniferous Huaco granite pluton, Sierra de Velasco, NW Argentina
Authors: Sardi Fernando G. , Grosse Pablo , Murata Mamoru , Lozano Fernández Rafael Pablo
Published: March 2018

The A-type Huaco granite pluton of the Velasco range (Sierras Pampeanas of northwest Argentina) is formed by three coeval granitic facies and contains subordinate coeval-to-late facies, as well as enclaves, dikes and stocks that show different temporal relations, textures and compositions. The dominant facies (Regional Porphyritic Granite; RPG) is a porphyritic two-mica monzo- to syenogranite, with abundant microcline megacrysts up to 12 cm in size. It was emplaced in a dominant extensional setting and has a mainly crustal source but with participation of a mantle-derived component. The RPG transitions towards two coeval and co-genetic granite facies, at its margins (Border Granite; BG) and around Be-pegmatites (Adjacent Porphyritic Granite; APG). These two facies have a finer-grained texture and smaller and less abundant megacrysts. They are also monzo- to syenogranites, but a slight decrease in the biotite/muscovite ratio is observed from the BG to the RPG to the APG. Trace element modeling suggests that the RPG, BG and APG differentiated from the same magma source by fractional crystallization. Temporally older mafic (ME) and felsic (FE) enclaves are common in the pluton. The ME can be considered partially assimilated remnants of a mafic component in the genesis of the RPG, whereas the FE seem to be remnants of premature aplites. Other subordinate rocks intrude the RPG and are, hence, temporally younger: felsic dikes (FD), dioritic dikes (DD) and equiganular granites (EqG) are clearly posterior, whereas coeval-to-late Be-pegmatites (BeP) and orbicular granites (OG) formed during the final stages of crystallization of the pluton. The BeP, OG and FD indicate the presence of abundant water and volatiles. The EqG form small stocks that intrude the RPG and were possibly originated from purely crustal sources. The DD probably correspond to a younger unrelated episode of mafic magmatism.
Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity
Authors: Nehir Münevver , Koçak Mustafa
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Aerosol and rain sampling in two size fractions was carried out at a rural site located
on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, Erdemli, Turkey
(36∘33′54′′ N, 34∘15′18′′ E). A total of 674
aerosol samples in two size fractions (337 coarse, 337 fine) and 23
rain samples were collected between March 2014 and April 2015. Samples were
analyzed for NO3-, NH4+ and ancillary water-soluble ions
using ion chromatography and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) by applying a
high-temperature combustion method. The mean aerosol water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) was
23.8 ± 16.3 nmol N m−3, reaching a maximum of
79 nmol N m−3, with about 66 % being associated with coarse
particles. The volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of WSON in rain was
21.5 µmol N L−1. The WSON contributed 37 and 29 % to the
WSTN in aerosol and rainwater, respectively. Aerosol WSON concentrations
exhibited large temporal variation, mainly due to meteorology and the origin
of air mass flow. The highest mean aerosol WSON concentration was observed in
the summer and was attributed to the absence of rain and resuspension of
cultivated soil in the region. The mean concentration of WSON during dust
events (38.2 ± 17.5 nmol N m−3) was 1.3 times higher than that
of non-dust events (29.4 ± 13.9 nmol N m−3). Source
apportionment analysis demonstrated that WSON was originated from
agricultural activities (43 %), secondary aerosol (20 %), nitrate
(22 %), crustal material (10 %) and sea salt (5 %). The dry and wet
depositions of WSON were equivalent and amounted to 36 % of the total
atmospheric WSTN flux.
Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the
infrared limb-sounder GLORIA
Authors: Krisch Isabell , Ungermann Jörn , Preusse Peter , Kretschmer Erik , Riese Martin
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Three-dimensional measurements of gravity waves are required, in order to quantify their direction resolved momentum fluxes and get a better understanding of their propagation characteristics. Such 3-D measurements of gravity waves in the lowermost stratosphere can be provided by the airborne Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) using full angle tomography. Closed flight patterns of sufficient size are needed to acquire the full set of angular measurements for full angle tomography. These take about two hours and are not feasible everywhere due to scientific reasons or air traffic control restrictions. Hence, this paper investigates the usability of limited angle tomography for gravity wave research. Limited angle tomography uses only a limited set of angles for tomographic reconstruction and can be applied on linear flight patterns. A synthetic end-to-end simulation has been performed to investigate the sensitivity of limited angle tomography towards gravity waves with different wavelengths and orientations in respect to the flight path. For waves with wave fronts roughly perpendicular to the flight path, limited angle tomography and full angle tomography can derive wave parameters like wavelength, amplitude and wave orientation with similar accuracy. For waves with horizontal wavelength above 200 km and vertical wavelength above 3 km, the wavelengths can be retrieved with less than 10 % error, the amplitude with less than 20 % and the horizontal wave direction with an error below 10°. This is confirmed by a comparison of results obtained from full angle tomography and limited angle tomography for a real measurement case on 25 January 2016 over Iceland. The reproduction quality of gravity wave parameters with limited angle tomography, however, depends strongly on the orientation of the waves with respect to the flight path. Thus, full angle tomography might be preferable in cases where the orientation of the wave cannot be predicted or waves with different orientations exist in the same volume and thus the flight path cannot be adjusted accordingly. Also for low amplitude waves and short scale waves full angle tomography has advantages due to its slightly higher resolution and accuracy.
Vegetation history and paleoclimate at Lake Dojran (FYROM/Greece) during the Late Glacial and Holocene
Authors: Masi Alessia , Francke Alexander , Pepe Caterina , Thienemann Matthias , Wagner Bernd , Sadori Laura
Published: March 2018

Abstract. A new high-resolution pollen and NPP (non-pollen palynomorph) analysis has
been performed on the sediments of Lake Dojran, a transboundary lake located
at the border between Greece and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
(FYROM). The sequence covers the last 12 500 years and provides information
on the vegetational dynamics of the Late Glacial and Holocene for the
southern Balkans. Robust age model, sedimentological diatom, and biomarker
analyses published previously have been the base for a multi-perspective
interpretation of the new palynological data. Pollen analysis revealed that
the Late Glacial is characterized by steppic taxa with prevailing
Amaranthaceae, Artemisia and Poaceae. The arboreal vegetation starts
to rise after 11 500 yr BP, taking a couple of millennia to be
definitively attested. Holocene vegetation is characterized by the dominance
of mesophilous plants. The Quercus robur type and Pinus are
the most abundant taxa, followed by the Quercus cerris type, the
Quercus ilex type and Ostrya–Carpinus orientalis. The
first attestation of human presence can be presumed at 5000 yr BP from the
contemporary presence of cereals, Juglans and Rumex. A drop
in both pollen concentration and influx together with a
δ18Ocarb shift indicates increasing aridity and
precedes clear and continuous human signs since 4000 yr BP. Also, a
correlation between Pediastrum boryanum and fecal stanol suggests
that the increase in nutrients in the water is related to human presence and
pasture. An undoubted expansion of human-related plants occurs since
2600 yr BP when cereals, arboreal cultivated and other synanthropic
non-cultivated taxa are found. A strong reduction in arboreal vegetation
occurred at 2000 yr BP, when the Roman Empire impacted a landscape
undergoing climate dryness in the whole Mediterranean area. In recent
centuries the human impact still remains high but spots of natural vegetation
are preserved. The Lake Dojran multi-proxy analysis including pollen data
provides clear evidence of the importance of this approach in
paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Cross-interpretation of several proxies
allows us to comprehend past vegetation dynamics and human impact in the
southern Balkans.
Assimilation of passive microwave AMSR-2 satellite observations in a snowpack evolution model over North-Eastern Canada
Authors: Larue Fanny , Royer Alain , De Sève Danielle , Roy Alexandre , Cosme Emmanuel
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Over northeastern Canada, the amount of water stored in a snowpack, estimated by its snow water equivalent (SWE) amount, is a key variable for hydrological applications. The limited number of weather stations driving snowpack models over large and remote northern areas generates great uncertainty in SWE evolution. A data assimilation (DA) scheme was developed to improve SWE estimates by updating meteorological forcing data and snowpack states using passive microwave (PMW) satellite observations without using any surface-based data. In this DA experiment, a particle filter with a Sampled Importance Resampled algorithm (SIR) was applied and an inflation technique of the observation error matrix was developed to avoid ensemble degeneracy. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer – 2 (AMSR-2) brightness temperatures (TB) observations were assimilated into a chain of models composed of the Crocus multi-layer snowpack model and radiative transfer models. The microwave snow emission model (Dense Media Radiative Transfer – Multi-Layers (DMRT-ML)), the vegetation transmissivity model (ω–τopt), and atmospheric and soil radiative transfer models were calibrated to simulate the contributions from the snowpack, the vegetation and the soil, respectively, at the top of the atmosphere. DA experiments were performed over 12 stations where daily continuous SWE measurements were acquired during 4 winters (2012–2016). Best SWE estimates are obtained with the assimilation of the TBs at 11, 19 and 37 GHz in vertical polarizations. The overall SWE bias is reduced by 71% compared to original SWE simulations, from 23.7 kg m−2 without assimilation to 6.9 kg m−2 with the assimilation of the three frequencies. The overall SWE relative percentage of error (RPE) is 14.6 % for sites with a fraction of forest cover below 75 %, which is in the range of accuracy needed for hydrological applications. This research opens the way for global applications to improve SWE estimates over large and remote areas, even when vegetation contributions are up to 50 % of the PMW signal.
Advancing A Community of Practice: Reflections from the Field One Year Later
Authors: Billups Felice D. , Borstel Scott L.
Published: March 2018

A year after embarking on program redesign to align with CPED principles and practices, faculty from a small doctoral program at a private university assessed their work. Specific initiatives such as embedding social justice principles into program components and revising admissions strategies were largely successful. Conversely, attempts to re-conceptualize the Dissertation in Practice met with resistance from numerous stakeholders. The challenges and opportunities of substantively changing a long-standing program have affected the way this faculty work together and envision the future of their program. New approaches to collaboration, innovation, and conflict resolution, viewed from an organizational change perspective, and rooted in the program culture, resulted from their collective efforts to strengthen the education doctorate.
Does the WTO Accession Stimulate Inward FDI in Developing Countries? Accentuate on TRIMS, TRIPS or Trade Liberalization
Authors: Hossain Md. Shakib
Published: March 2018

The propensity of WTO always ensure to strengthening and consolidating the integration approach with country to country. Manifold accession like TRIMS, TRIPS and trade liberalization agenda facilitate to enlarge the attractiveness of foreign direct investment in many more developing countries. This study is concentrates on judgment of the WTO accession like liberalization, TRIMS and TRIPS stimulate the flow of FDI in developing countries and also to observe that the other relevant important variables such as macroeconomic stability, infrastructure, human capital, geographic location, financial development, agglomeration, market size has helped the incessant inflow of FDI for developing country. Some research penetratingly interpreted that TRIMS, TRIPS and trade liberalization accession are controversial subject matter for the developing countries. For accomplishing the research work the paper has used panel data of 58 different developing countries over the years 1990-2014. Through that work the paper has explore that because of the adopting liberalization polices, relinquishing market distortions with the connection of TRIMS and harmonization of IPR standards throughout TRIPS escalate the foreign direct investment in the developing countries, it means that there is a significant relationship of FDI along with TRIPS, TRIMs and trade openness. Other pertinent factors like market size, macroeconomic stability, agglomeration and engagement of WTO membership have also significant impact on FDI inflows. Others common factors like infrastructure, human capital, financial development, geographical location also make significant impact on facilitating foreign direct investment. Developing countries always requires strengthening their superiority and protecting rights and ensuring negotiation process and encouraging market liberalization process for accomplishing economic competitiveness.
The Impact of Electronic Mind Maps on Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Mohaidat Mohammad Mahmoud Talal
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the electronic mind map (IMindMap) on the development of reading comprehension among the ninth grade students in Jordan. The sample of the study consisted of two ninth grade sections from two public schools in Irbid First Directorate during the academic 2016-2017. Each section consisted of (30) students and the two sections were assigned randomly to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was taught the chosen texts using the Electronic Mind Mapping strategy while the control group was taught the same texts using the traditional method. The study data were collected using a reading comprehension test that was administered for both groups as a pre and a posttest. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference at the level of (α=0.05) between the mean scores of both groups in favor of the experimental group. Besides, the findings showed that the effect of applying the electronic mind maps in teaching reading texts was medium. Based on the findings of the study, a number of recommendations were made for both teachers and the Ministry of Education. The most notable recommendation was to train teachers in general and English teachers in particular on how to design electronic mind maps and apply them in their teaching practices.
Global Warming is an Energy Conundrum
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: March 2018

Climate change is at its core an energy problematic. The main anthropogenic source of greenhouse gases is energy consumption. It is vital, because it makes affluence and wealth feasible. Energy demand is projected to double by 2050 at the same time as governments have obliged themselves to drastic decarbonisation. The risk is obvious that energy demand trumps emission reduction.
The Soul’s Need to Connect with God through the Language of Art: Analysis from an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Dogan Recep
Published: March 2018

Human beings express their emotions through the language of art; it is therefore both the spirit of progress and one of the most important means of developing emotions. Consequently, those who cannot make use of this means are incomplete in their maturation. Ideas and other products of the imagination can be given tangible form with the magical key of art. By means of art, humanity can exceed the limits of the earth and reach feelings beyond time and space. Beauty in the realm of existence can be recognized through art. Moreover, the great abilities inherent in human nature can be understood and witnessed in works of art. However, from an Islamic point of view, there are some restrictions on certain fields such as sculpture and painting. It is therefore imperative to analyse the notion of art in Islam and its philosophy and then reflect upon the need of the spirit to connect to God through the language of art while meeting some religious obstacles on the way.
在网页翻译中专业译员（以及非专业译员和计算机）的适当定位
Authors: Garcia Ignacio
Published: March 2018

在机器翻译和协作翻译（众包）的夹击之下，网络专业译员的工作量似乎在减少。为了保持其专业地位，翻译人员必须选择专门从事受到高度监管的领域或成为语言质量控制方面的专家。
Exploring Machine Translation on the Web
Authors: Guerberof Arenas Ana
Published: March 2018

This article briefly explores machine translation on the web, its history and current research. It briefly examines as well four free on-line machine translation engines in terms of language combinations offered, text length accepted and document formats supported as well as the quality of their raw MT output.
Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq .: Fr.) Kummer on pear pomace: Evaluation of productivity and chemical composition of the biodegraded substrate
Authors: Rodríguez Gustavo Enrique , Martínez Daniel Alfredo , Buglione María Belén , Filippi Marcela Viviana , Agüero Marta Susana
Published: March 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la factibilidad de emplear orujo de pera como sustrato para el cultivo comercial de dos cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P y Pl-J) y analizar la variación de la composición química del orujo biodegradado. La cepa Pl-J presentó 98,3% de Eficiencia Biológica, 35% de Rendimiento y 45 días de Período Productivo, mientras que para Pl-P los valores fueron 62,3%, 21,8% y 35 días, respectivamente. La actividad metabólica de ambas cepas sobre el sustrato provocó una disminución relativa del contenido de materia seca y materia orgánica del 20 al 30% y de un 60% para los carbohidratos solubles. Al finalizar el Período Productivo, las fibras (FDN, FDA y LDA) disminuyeron 10 a 20% mientras que el contenido de proteína bruta no se modificó significativamente.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using pear pomace as a substrate for the commercial cultivation of two strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P and Pl-J) and to analyze the variation of the chemical composition of the biodegraded pomace. The Pl-J strain presented 98,3% of Biological Efficiency, 35% of Yield and 45 days of Productive Period, while for Pl-P the values were 62,3%, 21,8% and 35 days respectively. The metabolic activity of both strains on the substrate led to a relative decrease in dry matter and organic matter content of 20 to 30%, and 60% for soluble carbohydrates. At the end of the Productive Period, the fibers (FDN, FDA and LDA) decreased 10 to 20% while the crude protein content was not significantly modified.
Citizen science and biodiversity: first record of Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot, 1861) (Diptera, Culicidae) in Galicia, by the means of the Mosquito Alert platform
Authors: Eritja Roger , Rubido-Bará Marga , Delacour-Estrella Sarah , Bengoa Mikel , Ruiz-Arrondo Ignacio , Mosquito Alert Comunidad
Published: March 2018

Se expone la primera cita de Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot, 1861) en la comunidad autónoma de Galicia, conseguida gracias a la plataforma de ciencia ciudadana Mosquito Alert. Aun cuando este proyecto está enfocado hacia la detección y seguimiento de dos especies de culícidos exóticos invasores: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse 1894) y Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.), se evidencia la gran capacidad existente para el estudio de la biodiversidad así como la detección de otras especies por parte de plataformas que se apoyan en miles de ciudadanos motivados y un equipo experto.

We present here the first record of Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot, 1861) in the autonomous region of Galicia, obtained by the means of the citizen science project Mosquito Alert. Whereas this project only aims to the monitoring and early detection of the two invasive mosquito species Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse 1894) and Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.), it is worth noting its capacities in regards to the general biodiversity study and the detection of mosquito species if a large pool of users combines with the expert knowledge.
ПРОЦЕНА ПРОШИРЕНЕ МЕРНЕ НЕСИГУРНОСТИ ПРИ ОДРЕЂИВАЊУ БРОЈА КУЛТУРАБИЛНИХ МИКРООРГАНИЗАМА У ВОДИ
Authors: Ђурђевић Милошевић Д. , Калаба В. , Kостић A. , Николић А. , Стијепић М. , Глушац Ј.
Published: March 2018

Микробиолошка исправност воде за пиће је велики изазов у постојећем систе-му здравствене заштите и, сходно томе, микробиолошке методе су саставни деомониторинга квалитета воде.Стандардна метода SRPS EN ISO 6222:2010 идентична је са ЕN ISO 6222:1999и намењена је за мерење практичне делотворнoсти поступка третирања воде запиће за јавну употребу, а такође има општу примену за све типове воде, укљу-чујући воде у затвореним посудама, као и природну минералну воду.циљ овог рада је био да се одреди проширена мерна метода SRPS EN ISO6222:2010 у оквиру унутарлабораторијске студије. Контаминирани су узорци сте-рилизоване воде суспензијом бактерије Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 и проведенапроцедура процене репродуцибилности методе. Добијени резултати су коришће-ни за прорачун стандардне девијације репродуцибилности, и из ње изведене про-ширене мерне несигурности. Добијени резултати су покашали да је граница ре-продуцибилности за инкубацију плоча на 22±2оC била 0,429, а проширена мернанесигурност 0,306. Граница репродуцибилности за инкубацију плоча на 36±2оCбила је 0,321 cfu log 10, а проширена мерна несигурност 0,229 cfu log 10.
ПРИОРИТИЗАЦИЈА БОЛЕСТИ ЖИВОТИЊА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
Authors: Недић Д. Н. , Бабић Р. , Стевановић О.
Published: March 2018

...
АНАЛИЗА ОДНОСА ПОЛОВА И ВЕЛИЧИНА ЛЕГЛА КОД ТОРЊАКА
Authors: Дробњак Д. , Урошевић М. , Новаковић Б. , Матаругић Д. , Ограк Ј. , Стојић П.
Published: March 2018

...
ПРОЦЕНА МЕТАБОЛИЧКОГ СТАТУСА КРАВА У РАНОЈ ЛАКТАЦИЈИ ЕКСТРАКЦИЈОМ ПОДАТАКА ИЗ МЕТАБОЛИЧКОГ, ЕНДОКРИНОГ И ХЕМАТОЛОШКОГ ПРОФИЛА КРАВА - РАЦИОНАЛНА ДИЈАГНОСТИКА
Authors: Цинцовић М. Р. , Белић Б. , Христовска Т. , Стојановић Д. , Ковачевић З.
Published: March 2018

...
Researcher engagement in policy deemed societally beneficial yet unrewarded
Authors: Singh Gerald , Farjalla Vinicius , Chen Bing , Pelling Andrew , Ceyhan Elvan , Dominik Martin , Alisic Eva , Kerr Jeremy , Selin Noelle , Bassioni Ghada , Bennett Elena , Kemp Andrew , Chan Kai
Published: March 2018

Public support for research depends, in part, on the eventual societal benefits from research. Maintaining that support likely requires sustained engagement between the research community and the broader public. Yet, there is little organized effort to evaluate and reward such engagement in addition to research and teaching activities. Using data from an international survey of 1092 researchers (634 established researchers and 458 students) in 55 countries and 315 research institutions, we find that institutional recognition of engagement activities is perceived as being undervalued relative to its societal benefit. Many researchers report that their institutions would not reward engagement activities despite mission statements promoting engagement. Further, those institutions that actually measure engagement activities are perceived to do so in a limited capacity (respondents perceived that on average, 2 of the 7 dimensions of engagement we considered were reflected in evaluations). Most researchers are strongly motivated to engage for selfless reasons, which suggests that strong self-oriented incentives may have unintended effects. Perhaps by recognizing the important engagement activities of researchers, institutions can better achieve their institutional missions and bolster the crucial contributions of researchers to society.
Evaluation of postural control in children and adolescents with down syndrome aged eight to twelve years old
Authors: Leite Jessica Cristina , Neves Jéssica Caroliny de Jesus , Vitor Leonardo George Victorio , Fujisawa Dirce Shizuko
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of the third copy of chromosome 21 (total or partial). The syndrome occurs in approximately one out of every 700 – 1000 newborns per year. Objective:To analyze postural control (PC) of children and adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS) and to compare differences regarding age, sex, nutritional status, and physical activity (PA) levels. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample composed of 21 children and adolescents (9 girls) was categorized according to age: G1 (8 to 9 years old; n = 8), G2 (10 years old; n = 7), and G3 (11 to 12 years old; n = 6), Score-Z: eutrophic (n = 9) and overweight (n = 12), and PA level: practitioners (n = 7) and non-practitioners (n = 14). PC was assessed in the force platform (FP), in the standing position, with feet together during 30 seconds. The variables analyzed were the center of pressure area (COP) and the mean velocities of anteroposterior and mediolateral oscillation (VEL-AP and VEL-ML). Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality of data. Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s, and Mann Whitney tests were performed to analyze associations with PC. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The median COP, VEL-AP and VEL-ML were 3.55 [2.13 – 6.82] , 2.81 [2.32 – 3.16], and 2.98 [2.42 – 3.43], respectively. There were no differences in PC regarding sex, body mass index and PA level. The adolescents in G3 presented lower values of VEL-AP (G1=2,88 [2,82 – 3,21]; G2= 2,94 [2,35 – 3,39]; G3= 2,27 [2 – 2,3]) and VEL-ML (G1= 3,22 [3,14 – 3,68]; G2= 2,91 [2,52 – 3,63]; G3= 2,34 [2,1 – 2,39]). Conclusion: Sex, nutritional status, and PA level did not affect COP area and AP-VEL and ML-VEL. However, strategies were affected by age, as observed by differences in velocity, but did not affect the COP area.
Prevalence and risk factors associated to tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in HIV-positive patients in Bogotá
Authors: Beltrán-León Magda , Pérez-Llanos Francy , Sánchez Liliana , Parra-López Carlos , Navarrete Myriam , Sánchez Ricardo , Awad Carlos , Granada Ana María , Quintero Edgardo , Briceño Óscar , Cruz Óscar , Murcia Martha Isabel
Published: March 2018

Introducción. La tuberculosis es una de las enfermedades infecciosas de más amplia distribución en el mundo y constituye una de las primeras causas de muerte en pacientes con sida. En Colombia, en el 2015, se notificaron 12.918 casos de tuberculosis y 926 muertes.Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a infecciones micobacterianas en pacientes infectados con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV) en dos hospitales públicos de Bogotá.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con búsqueda activa de casos de tuberculosis y micobacteriosis en pacientes positivos para HIV. Se estudiaron variables demográficas, sociales, clínicas y de hábitos personales. Los análisis estadísticos se hicieron con el programa Stata 13™.Resultados. Se incluyeron en el estudio 356 pacientes: 81,2 % hombres y 18,8 %, mujeres, con una media de edad de 36,5 años. La frecuencia de la tuberculosis fue de 19,9 % (IC95% 15,9-24,5 %) y la de infecciones por micobacterias no tuberculosas, de 3,9 % (IC95% 2,16-6,5 %). El análisis bivariado evidenció una asociación  estadísticamente significativa entre la tuberculosis y el conteo de linfocitosTCD4+ (p=0,003), la carga viral (p=0,0008), el tratamiento antirretroviral (p=0,017) y un índice de masa corporal (IMC) menor de 18 kg/m2 (p=0,000). En las micobacteriosis solamente se presentó asociación estadísticamente significativa con el IMC (p=0,017) y con el conteo de linfocitos TCD4+ (p=0,045).Conclusión. Los factores asociados al deterioro del sistema inmunitario causados por el HIV, así como el no administrar el tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad y el IMC, constituyeron factores de riesgo para desarrollar la tuberculosis.
Detección de Treponema pallidum subespecie pallidum para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa anidada
Authors: Pinilla Gladys , Campos Lesly , Durán Andrea , Navarrete Jeannette , Muñoz Liliana
Published: March 2018

Introducción. La sífilis es una enfermedad producida por Treponema pallidum subespecie pallidum cuya incidencia mundial es de 12 millones de casos por año, aproximadamente; de estos, más de dos millones se presentan en mujeres gestantes, siendo la sífilis congénita la complicación más grave de esta infección en el embarazo.Objetivo. Detectar la presencia de T. pallidum subespecie pallidum en muestras clínicas para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) anidada y determinar su concordancia con las pruebas serológicas.Materiales y métodos. Mediante PCR convencional y anidada, se amplificaron tres genes diana (polA, 16S ADNr y TpN47) y se confirmaron los productos de amplificación de los genes TpN47 y polA por secuenciación. Las pruebas serológicas empleadas fueron la VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory), la de reagina plasmática rápida (Rapid Plasma Reagin, RPR) y la de aglutinación de partículas para Treponema pallidum (Treponema pallidum Particle Agglutination Assay, TPPA).Resultados. La sensibilidad para la PCR convencional fue de 52 pg y, para la PCR anidada, de 0,52 pg. La especificidad con los iniciadores TpN47 y polA fue de 100 %; los resultados de la secuenciación mostraron una identidad de 97 % con T. pallidum. En 70 % de las muestras, los resultados de las pruebas serológicas y la PCR anidada concordaron.Conclusión. El gen TpN47 resultó ser el mejor blanco molecular para la identificación de T. pallidum. La PCR anidada se presenta como una alternativa de diagnóstico molecular promisoria para el diagnóstico de sífilis congénita.
Assessing universality of DNA barcoding in geographically isolated selected desert medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae
Authors: Tahir Aisha , Hussain Fatma , Ahmed Nisar , Ghorbani Abdolbaset , Jamil Amer
Published: March 2018

In pursuit of developing fast and accurate species-level molecular identification methods, we tested six DNA barcodes, namely ITS2, matK, rbcLa, ITS2+matK, ITS2+rbcLa, matK+rbcLa and ITS2+matK+rbcLa, for their capacity to identify frequently consumed but geographically isolated medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae indigenous to the desert of Cholistan. Data were analysed by BLASTn sequence similarity, pairwise sequence divergence in TAXONDNA, and phylogenetic (neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood trees) methods. Comparison of six barcode regions showed that ITS2 has the highest number of variable sites (209/360) for tested Fabaceae and (106/365) Poaceae species, the highest species-level identification (40%) in BLASTn procedure, distinct DNA barcoding gap, 100% correct species identification in BM and BCM functions of TAXONDNA, and clear cladding pattern with high nodal support in phylogenetic trees in both families. ITS2+matK+rbcLa followed ITS2 in its species-level identification capacity. The study was concluded with advocating the DNA barcoding as an effective tool for species identification and ITS2 as the best barcode region in identifying medicinal species of Fabaceae and Poaceae. Current research has practical implementation potential in the fields of pharmaco-vigilance, trade of medicinal plants and biodiversity conservation.
O poder do teatro no cotidiano das pequenas e médias cidades
Authors: Sousa Brito Marcelo
Published: March 2018

Contar minha experiência como artista de teatro em uma cidade de pequeno porte no interior da Bahia-Brasil é o que pretendo com a apresentação deste ensaio, que retoma a pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida em Itambé-BA, a partir do encontro entre os moradores e seus lugares de escolha na cidade, revelando lugares escondidos na memória de cada um. Para isso, reflexões de autores e artistas são incorporadas à análise, para demonstrar como o teatro pode estimular o cidadão a interferir cênica e politicamente no desenvolvimento sociocultural do espaço urbano. Itambé, uma pequena cidade de aproximadamente trinta mil habitantes, é também o ponto de partida para refletir sobre o momento cultural de outras cidades do interior do Brasil com características similares. Afastadas dos grandes centros urbanos, essas cidades vivem da iniciativa de artistas que lutam para sensibilizar os poderes públicos quanto à importância da arte no desenvolvimento de uma cidade. Através da reflexão sobre metodologias participativas utilizadas por artistas que buscam se engajar em ações em suas cidades de origem, assim como a participação do cidadão comum em seus projetos, disponibilizo com este ensaio experiências que mostram o poder do teatro na vida da cidade e como as instâncias políticas locais ao mesmo tempo o temem e o acolhem.

Resumé

LA FORCE DU THEATRE DANS LA VIE QUOTIDIENNE DES VILLES PETITES ET MOYENNES

Raconter mon histoire autant qu´artiste de théâtre dans une petite ville à BahiaBrésil est l’objectif de la présentation de cet article, que prend ma recherche de Master développé à Itambé-BA, à partir du rencontre entre les habitants et un lieu choisi par eux sera lu à partir d’un lieu caché dans la mémoire de chacun. Pour cela, réflexions d´auteurs et d´artistes seront utilisés pour démontrer comment le théâtre peut encourager les citoyens à interférer scéniquement dans l’espace urbain socioculturel qu´ils vivent. Itambé, une petite ville de trente mille habitants sera considéré comme un moyen de comprendre ce moment culturel, mais aussi dans d’autres villes de l’intérieur du Brésil avec les mêmes caractéristiques. Loin des grands centres urbains ces villes vivent des initiative des artistes qui luttent pour sensibiliser le public sur l’importance de l’art dans le développement d’une ville. Grâce à des méthodes participatives où les artistes sollicitent la participation des citoyens et vice versa mettre à la disposition du présent article expériences montrant la puissance que le théâtre a dans la vie de la ville et comment les autorités locales les aceuilles.
Mollicutes
Authors: Brown Daniel R. , May Meghan , Bradbury Janet M. , Johansson Karl‐Erik
Published: March 2018

Mol.li.cu'tes. L. adj.mollissoft, pliable; L. fem. n.cutisskin; N.L. fem. pl. n.Mollicutesclass with pliable cell boundary.

Tenericutes / Mollicutes

Within the phylumTenericutesthe classMollicutesaccommodates small wall‐less prokaryotes with small (usually 0.5–1.5 Mb) genomes and low (usually 25–30 mol%) G + CDNA. The genomes of more than 65 species have been completely sequenced and annotated to date. These bacteria are distributed among the ordersMycoplasmatales,Entomoplasmatales,Acholeplasmatales, andAnaeroplasmatalesaccording to polyphasic taxonomic standards established and refined over many years by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes' Subcommittee on the Taxonomy ofMollicutes. The class is best known for its members in the genusMycoplasmaand related organisms that are commensals or parasites of humans, animals, insects, or plants. A number of “Candidatus” species have been proposed but not yet cultivated axenically. In the distant past, there was some risk of confusing mollicutes with wall‐less variants of other bacteria, but simplePCR‐based analyses of16S rRNAor other gene sequences now obviate that problem. Members of theErysipelothrixline of descent, formerly grouped with theMollicutesas “walled relatives,” are now assigned to the classErysipelotrichiin the phylumFirmicutes. The proliferation in recent years of new names appearing in the literature to accommodate alleged novel taxa of mollicutes whose existence has been inferred principally from singularDNAsequences in metagenomic studies is a current concern.

DNA G + C content (mol%): 60–79.

Type order:MycoplasmatalesFreundt 1955, 71ALemend. Tully, Bové, Laigret and Whitcomb 1993, 382.
L
eptotrichiaceae
Authors: Eisenberg Tobias , Glaeser Stefanie P. , Blom Jochen , Kämpfer Peter
Published: March 2018

Lep.to.tri.chi.a.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Leptotrichia
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Leptotrichiaceae
the
Leptotrichia
family.

Fusobacteria / Fusobacteriia / Fusobacteriales / Leptotrichiaceae

The family
Leptotrichiaceae
is described mainly on the basis of phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of its members. Facultative to obligate anaerobic organisms that stain as Gram‐negative rods. All described species are nonmotile and fermentative. Ferment carbohydrates to produce various organic acids including lactic, acetic, formic, or succinic acid depending on the substrate and species. Indole‐, cytochrome oxidase‐, nitrate‐, and urease‐negative. Many species are fastidious and require serum, blood, or other nutritional factors for growth (
Caviibacter
,
Leptotrichia hongkongensis, Oceanivirga, Sneathia,
and
Streptobacillus
). Some species have been isolated from human clinical specimens and are pathogenic to humans. Occur on mucous membranes of humans and animals. Comprises the genera
Caviibacter
,
Leptotrichia, Oceanivirga, Sebaldella, Sneathia,
and
Streptobacillus
.

DNA G + C content (%)
: 25.4–33.5 (derived from genomic data).

Type genus
:
Leptotrichia Trevisan
1879, 138
AL
. (Trevisan, 1879).
I
gnavibacteriaceae
Authors: Iino Takao
Published: March 2018

Ig.na.vi.bac.te.ri.a.ce'ae. N.L. neut. n.
Ignavibacterium
type genus of the family; ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Ignavibacteriaceae
the family of genus
Ignavibacterium
.

Ignavibacteriae / Ignavibacteria / Ignavibacteriales / Ignavibacteriaceae

The family
Ignavibacteriaceae
is a member of the order
Ignavibacteriales
. The description of the family
Ignavibacteriaceae
is mainly defined based on the phylogenetic position of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The family currently accommodates the genus
Ignavibacterium
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 34.

Type genus
:
Ignavibacterium
Iino, Mori, Uchino, Nakagawa, Harayama and Suzuki 2010, 1380
VP
.
T
hermoflexaceae
Authors: Dodsworth Jeremy A.
Published: March 2018

Ther.mo.fle.xa.ce'ae. N.L. n.
Thermoflexus
type genus of the family; L. suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Thermoflexaceae
the family of the genus
Thermoflexus
.

Chloroflexi / Thermoflexia / Thermoflexales / Thermoflexaceae

Thermophilic. Cells form curved or bent filaments. 16S rRNA gene sequences show >90% identity to and are phylogenetically associated with members of the genus
Thermoflexus
. Found in terrestrial geothermal environments. Currently,
Thermoflexus
is the only genus within the
Thermoflexaceae
, and there is only one species and one isolated strain,
T. hugenholtzii
JAD2
T
, within this genus.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.3.

Type genus
:
Thermoflexus
Dodsworth, Gevorkian, Despujos, Cole, Murugapiran, Ming, Li, Zhang, Dohnalkova and Hedlund 2014, 2124
VP
.