bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les ciels bizarres d’André des Gachons (1871-1951)
Authors: Tabeaud Martine
Published: May 2024

André des Gachons (1871-1951) est un artiste peintre qui s’enthousiasme pour la météorologie. Devenu bénévole pour les services météorologiques parisiens, il se questionne sur le temps qu’il fait en Champagne au moyen peu commun d’aquarelles quotidiennes. Deux types de ciels bizarres l’interrogent partiiculièrement pendant la guerre de 1914-18 : - l’apparition de nuages inconnus sortant des classifications par leur forme, leur couleur, leur soudaineté et leur rareté,- la survenue et la mobilité d’associations de nuages et de météores ordinaires, inexplicables par l’observateur amateur trop éloigné des recherches menées par les professionnels militaires et civils.
Les antécédents au droit des religions
Authors: Basdevant-Gaudemet Brigitte
Published: May 2024

Dissertant sur le régime juridique des religions dans un État, les juristes recourent à un vocabulaire varié. Dans l’ancien droit, les termes droit canon, droit canonique, droit ecclésiastique sont interchangeables. Les auteurs s’attachent au contenu de ce droit et traitent, selon leurs propres préoccupations, des affaires de la religion, des libertés de l’Église, ou encore de la police ecclésiastique. Une évolution se fera au cours de laquelle on s’attachera davantage à la source édictant les normes : le droit canonique est formulé par l’Église et le droit ecclésiastique par l’État. L’expression de droit civil ecclésiastique aura un temps son utilité au cours du xxe siècle, pour assurer cette mutation permettant de distinguer les deux disciplines. La diversité du paysage religieux conduit, aujourd’hui, à préférer le terme droit des religions.
École publique, école privée : la laïcité à hue et à dia ?
Authors: Hennette Vauchez Stéphanie
Published: May 2024

L’interdiction en septembre 2023 du port de « tenues de type abaya ou qamis » permet de revenir sur l’économie générale de la laïcité à l’école publique, assimilée depuis la loi du 15 mars 2004 à une exigence de neutralité religieuse imposée aux élèves. Par contraste, l’association au service public de l’Éducation nationale des établissements d’enseignement privés, en grande partie confessionnels, dessine un régime singulier d’accommodement de la religion. En accordant une place centrale au « caractère propre » que les écoles privées sous contrat sont en droit d’affirmer, la loi Debré a introduit en effet une déconnexion entre association au service public et principe de neutralité qui fait figure d’exception.
La liberté de l’enseignement face aux exigences de la laïcité
Authors: Sild Nicolas
Published: May 2024

Le principe de laïcité ne s’applique pas au sein des écoles privées, qui jouissent de la liberté de l’enseignement. Mais cette affirmation doit être nuancée. D’une part, les établissements privés sous contrat doivent respecter deux exigences inhérentes à la laïcité, la neutralité des enseignements et la liberté de conscience des élèves, en raison de l’association au service public de l’enseignement et du financement public de ces établissements. D’autre part, la présente étude entend souligner les offensives législatives consistant à subordonner les établissements privés hors contrat au respect de certains principes républicains, qui, sans relever stricto sensu de la laïcité, en constituent le creuset.
L’entrée en jeu des familles : prélude à la co-construction d’un jeu sérieux sur l’énergie
Authors: Lussier-Desrochers Dany , Pépin-Beauchesne Laurence , Leduc Marie-Andrée , Dupont Marie-Ève , Lavigne Karine , Simonato Isabelle , Ruel Rosalie
Published: May 2024

Au Québec, le gouvernement s’est donné pour mandat d’agir sur l’efficacité énergétique et l’économie d’énergie dans les ménages. Pour concrétiser cette orientation politique, un changement de comportements des consommateurs d'énergie est nécessaire. Des études récentes démontrent que l’approche ludique constitue une avenue prometteuse, suscitant la motivation et l’engagement nécessaire pour changer les comportements énergétiques. Par le biais d’une méthode participative et collaborative, la présente étude souhaite explorer comment cette approche pourrait soutenir les familles québécoises dans l’adoption de comportements favorisant l’efficacité énergétique. Pour ce faire, un devis de recherche descriptive mixte en trois phases a été utilisé. D’abord, 33 parents ont rempli un questionnaire portant sur leurs intentions de changement et leurs perceptions quant à l’adoption de comportements énergétiques pouvant favoriser une meilleure efficacité énergétique. À partir de ces résultats, une maquette de jeu a ensuite été développée par des experts dans le domaine. Lors de la dernière phase, des entrevues en dyade (parent-enfant) ont été réalisées auprès de cinq familles de la phase 1 afin de connaitre leurs impressions sur la maquette. Les résultats obtenus démontrent que les parents ont un intérêt à développer des comportements d’efficacité énergétique pour sensibiliser leurs enfants. Les participants croient d’ailleurs que l’utilisation d’un jeu inspiré de leur quotidien serait un moyen pertinent et efficace pour favoriser la généralisation des acquis. L’ajout de défis et de récompenses semble également être des aspects ludiques gagnants pour les participants. Enfin, diverses propositions d’adaptation du jeu ont été émises par les participants.
Évaluation délibérative des effets des modes de gestion des aménagements hydroagricoles sur l’accès aux facteurs de production du riz dans la vallée du Niger au Bénin
Authors: Maman Abdou Razak , Egah Janvier , Baco Mohamed Nasser
Published: May 2024

La présente étude révèle l’implication des acteurs locaux dans l’évaluation de l’impact des modes de gestion des ressources naturelles en les mettant au cœur du processus. La démarche méthodologique appelée « jury de citoyen » soutenue par quatre groupes de discussion autour des aménagements hydroagricoles de la Vallée du Niger au Bénin a été explorée dans cette étude. Les périmètres concernés sont l’Union des groupements des producteurs du périmètre de Malanville (UGPPM), le Périmètre Sota et les bas-fonds aménagés des villages de Garou et de Toumboutou. L’analyse faite sur les quatre catégories d’effets a permis d’observer les effets cognitifs, les effets contextuels et les effets substantifs respectivement. Les effets procéduraux ont été faiblement observés. Les différentes observations ont été validées sur la base du consensus. L’innovation, révélée par ce modèle d’analyse, trouve son fondement dans son caractère holistique et sa capacité d’appréhender les effets induits par les approches participatives en quatre dimensions et qui tiennent compte des relations structurelles entre celles-ci. Les quatre catégories d’effets analysées ont montré que dans le domaine de la gouvernance des ressources naturelles autour des aménagements hydroagricoles, il est possible de dialoguer, d’argumenter sur la base des connaissances, des expériences et des savoirs différents et qu’il est indispensable, pour une participation efficace, de confronter les différents points de vue à travers des débats de qualité fondés sur le raisonnement dans le but de trouver un consensus.
Perceptions et stratégies d’adaptation au changement côtier aux Comores (Océan indien)
Authors: Klöck Carola , Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

Depuis plusieurs décennies, les côtes comoriennes s’érodent, tant en raison du changement climatique qu’à cause des pressions anthropiques locales. Nous étudions ici l’érosion côtière aux Comores, archipel de l’océan Indien, via des enquêtes auprès des habitants de cinq villages côtiers. Nous cherchons principalement à mieux comprendre les perceptions des changements côtiers, de leurs causes et des réponses adoptées face à l’érosion. Nos enquêtes montrent que la population locale est bien consciente du problème de l’érosion et l’attribue à raison à deux facteurs principaux : l’extraction de sable d’un côté, et l’augmentation du niveau marin de l’autre. Pourtant – et paradoxalement – la population favorise majoritairement une seule forme de réponse : la protection côtière dite dure, via les digues. Ces digues sont le plus souvent mal-adaptives, et ne solutionnent pas le problème du prélèvement de sable. Elles n’ont qu’une durée de vie courte et peuvent même accentuer l’érosion. La population ne semble pas consciente de ces effets négatifs, qui sont toutefois bien documentés aux Comores et ailleurs. Il semble nécessaire de mieux informer et sensibiliser les habitants afin de lutter contre la « mentalité des digues » ; en particulier, il faudrait renforcer les capacités locales et la gouvernance locale, surtout dans les contextes de faible gouvernance tels qu’aux Comores.
Analyse de la dynamique d’occupation des écosystèmes littoraux de l’aire protégée communautaire la Bouche du Roy au Bénin
Authors: Bio Rose Kikpa , Mazo Ismaël , Dupras Jérôme
Published: May 2024

Les écosystèmes de mangroves, reconnus pour leurs nombreux biens et services, font face ces dernières décennies à de nombreuses pressions anthropiques et bioclimatiques. Pour une meilleure mise en œuvre des mesures de protection de ces écosystèmes, la présente étude analyse la dynamique de l’occupation des terres indispensable à la réalisation du bilan des changements intervenus sur une période de 20 ans. Les images satellitaires de 2000, 2010 et 2020 ont été traitées à l’aide du logiciel QGIS2.18 permettant d’obtenir deux matrices de transition couvrant l’avant et l’après création de l’Aire communautaire de conservation de la biodiversité (ACCB) la Bouche du Roy. L’analyse des données révèle une régression (32 %) de la superficie des mangroves entre 2000 et 2010 au profit d’une progression des mosaïques de champs et jachères. En revanche, entre 2010 et 2020, la superficie des mangroves a progressé (29 %) et celle des mosaïques de champs et jachères a régressé. Sur ces deux périodes, il a été noté une faible progression des agglomérations. La création de l’ACCB, combinée aux efforts de conservation de la biodiversité (pratiques culturelles et spirituelles) au cours de la dernière décennie a contribué à la restauration des mangroves, inversant ainsi la tendance de dégradation des écosystèmes sensibles. La présente étude suggère la nécessité de poursuivre les initiatives de restaurations des écosystèmes littoraux non seulement au Bénin, mais également à travers d’autres régions où ces écosystèmes sont encore présents.
Vieillir vert et digitalisé : connaissances et habitudes pro-environnementales de Belges de plus de 60 ans dans une société digitalisée
Authors: Harrington Rosie , Cougnon Louise-Amélie , Catellani Andrea , Nugier Armelle
Published: May 2024

Le rôle de l’activité humaine dans les changements climatiques (dorénavant CC) a généré un entrain particulier dans la recherche, et ce, quel que soit le domaine de recherche concerné : ces études portent sur les perceptions des individus et leur motivation à contribuer, individuellement ou en groupe, à réduire ces changements. D’autres études ont eu pour objectif de modeler des campagnes de communication afin qu’elles parviennent à impliquer les individus dans la lutte contre les CC. Certaines de ces études examinent les liens entre les croyances, l’utilisation des médias et les habitudes pro-environnementales ; cependant, rares sont celles qui portent sur le public spécifique des personnes âgées. L’objectif de cette étude est donc d’explorer les liens entre croyances, utilisation des médias et habitudes pro-environnementales au sein d’un échantillon de 305 personnes de plus de 60 ans. Les principaux résultats de cette étude corrélationnelle suggèrent que les répondants de notre échantillon s’estiment être bien informés sur les CC, sont moins déconnectés d’internet et des outils informatiques que dans d’autres études plus anciennes et utilisent davantage Facebook que tout autre réseau social. Par ailleurs, leurs croyances liées aux CC sont significativement corrélées à leurs habitudes pro-environnementales et ces habitudes semblent bel et bien être reliées au fait d’utiliser certaines technologies de l’information et de la communication pour s’informer. L’ensemble des résultats de cette étude, leurs implications sociales et les limites de l’étude sont discutés dans la dernière partie de l’article.
Transition vers une économie bleue au Togo : apport de la recherche maritime et des infrastructures de recherche
Authors: Penn Laré Batouth
Published: May 2024

Le développement de l’économie bleue au Togo passe inéluctablement par la maîtrise de la connaissance du secteur maritime. Or, l’on note que la mobilisation des connaissances dans celui-ci est caractérisée par d’énormes défis en matière de recherche et d’infrastructures de recherche. La présente recherche, en combinant l’analyse documentaire et celle des entretiens individuels approfondis avec 65 personnes ressources impliquées dans l’action de l’État en mer, vise à relever l’apport de la recherche maritime et les infrastructures de recherche dans la promotion de l’économie bleue au Togo. Les résultats de l’étude indiquent que le pays a un déficit de connaissances scientifiques et d’infrastructures de recherche dans le secteur maritime, qui seraient capables d’orienter l’action publique dans la formulation des décisions.
PPU, PAE : quel rôle des outils d’urbanisme dans le développement urbain durable au Québec ?
Authors: Murer Alexandre , Despax Julien , Henriot Carine , Molines Nathalie
Published: May 2024

Cette contribution étudie le rôle de deux outils d’urbanisme dans la fabrique urbaine durable au Québec. L’analyse d’un corpus de programmes particuliers d’urbanisme (PPU – devenus les plans particuliers d’urbanisme en juin 2023), de plans d’aménagement d’ensemble (PAE) et d’entretiens menés en 2021-2022 auprès de praticiens québécois témoigne d’une volonté politique de reprise de contrôle sur le développement immobilier et souligne ses principales limites : manque de précision des prescriptions, faible retranscription de celles-ci dans le règlement opposable, complexité de mise en œuvre opérationnelle et juridique ou encore manque d’anticipation des dynamiques foncières. PPU et PAE restent les outils d’un urbanisme durable négocié, certes formalisateur, mais jamais réellement contraignant.
Connaissance et perception sociale de l’espèce invasive tulipier du Gabon sur les îles de Tahiti et Moorea (Polynésie française)
Authors: Cognard Françoise , Faucon Frédéric , Larrue Sébastien
Published: May 2024

Le tulipier du Gabon, Spathodea campanulata, est une espèce exotique envahissante introduite sur l’île de Tahiti en 1932 et déclarée officiellement « menace pour la biodiversité en Polynésie française » en 1998. Dans le cadre du projet CADISPAT (CApacité de DIspersion de SPAThodea, 2019‑2020) consacré à l’étude de la dispersion du tulipier du Gabon dans l’archipel de la Société en Polynésie française, une enquête par questionnaire a été conduite en septembre 2019 auprès de 291 personnes sur les îles de Tahiti et Moorea afin de recueillir des informations sur le niveau de connaissance et les représentations sociétales de la population locale sur cette espèce invasive. Les résultats de l’enquête ont révélé un niveau de connaissance du tulipier globalement faible, même s’il varie quelque peu en fonction d’un certain nombre de critères socio‑démographiques et une perception sociale qui semble plutôt positive. Si le tulipier du Gabon est décrit, de manière pragmatique, comme envahissant et assimilé à un certain nombre de nuisances, il apparaît également très apprécié pour le caractère esthétique de sa floraison rougeoyante et est associé à diverses fonctions. Ce qui rappelle l’importance des arbres dans la culture ma’ohi, mais semble aussi suggérer une certaine appropriation culturelle du tulipier introduit en Polynésie française il y a aujourd’hui près de 100 ans. Celle-ci pourrait limiter l’adhésion de la population à la gestion de cette espèce invasive.
Beyond environmental monitoring: Are automatic time-lapse cameras efficient tools for temperature measurement in remote regions?
Authors: Grenier Jérémy , Decaulne Armelle , Bhiry Najat
Published: May 2024

Automatic time-lapse cameras are frequently used to monitor snow height as well as snow and ice related processes occurring on slopes in cold regions because of the many advantages they bring to researchers. In addition to providing important visual information’s about the dynamic of the studied area, most of these types of cameras are now equipped with thermal sensors able to register temperature data for every picture taken. The instrumentation set up within Tasiapik Valley, near Umiujaq, in Nunavik (northern Québec), enabled us to assess the potential of automatic time-lapse cameras for temperature measurement by comparing data retrieved on photographs from time-lapse cameras with data from two nearby weather stations. Our results indicate that the temperature measurements from the time-lapse cameras from August to the onset of February are relatively accurate while their weaker performances for temperature measurement occurred in late winter and spring (March - June). Moreover, regardless of the year, time-lapse cameras were most accurate in the morning (09:00 AM – 11:00 AM), while in the afternoon (12:00 PM – 3:00 PM), they tended to over-estimate temperatures. Based on our observations and data analyses, this over-estimation of temperatures seems to be caused by external factors such as sky conditions and high values of downwelling shortwave radiation lasting from February to June at our study site. The local environment surrounding the cameras might also affect the performances of time-lapse cameras at temperature measurement.
Revolutionizing Edu-Influencers as Minorities Nudging Sustainable Fashion Consumption on Instagram
Authors: Hassoubah Lujain Nabeel , Ryding Daniella , Vignali Gianpaolo
Published: May 2024

This critical literature review explores sustainable fashion consumption (repurposing) influenced by Edu-influencers on Instagram, addressing the limitations of traditional behavioral change theories on social media. It evaluates various perspectives on consumer behavior, sustainable consumption, and social media, highlighting the shortcomings of current behavioral change theories. The review aims to establish the groundwork for forthcoming theoretical and empirical advancements by critically analyzing and synthesizing recent studies associated with the three distinctive bodies of literature. Additionally, it aims to lay the groundwork for future research endeavors within these domains. The findings could inform consumer education, policy recommendations, and communication strategies for sustainable fashion consumption, laying the groundwork for future research and behavioral interventions.
A Classification Algorithm Based on Improved Locally Linear Embedding
Authors: Wang Hui , Cai Tie , Cheng Dongsheng , Li Kangshun , Zhou Ying
Published: May 2024

The current classification is difficult to overcome the high-dimension classification problems. So, we will design the decreasing dimension method. Locally linear embedding is that the local optimum gradually approaches the global optimum, especially the complicated manifold learning problem used in big data dimensionality reduction needs to find an optimization method to adjust k-nearest neighbors and extract dimensionality. Therefore, we intend to use orthogonal mapping to find the optimization closest neighbors k, and the design is based on the Lebesgue measure constraint processing technology particle swarm locally linear embedding to improve the calculation accuracy of popular learning algorithms. So, we propose classification algorithm based on improved locally linear embedding. The experiment results show that the performance of proposed classification algorithm is best compared with the other algorithm.
A Web Data Mining Algorithm Based on Manifold Distance for Mixed Data in Cloud Service Architecture
Authors: Wang Hui , Cai Tie , Cheng Dongsheng , Li Kangshun , Lin Guangming , Wu Zhijian
Published: May 2024

Due to the complex distribution of web data and frequent updates under the cloud service architecture, the existing methods for global consistency of data ignore the global consistency of distance measurement and the inability to obtain neighborhood information of data. To overcome these problems, we transform the multi-information goal and multi-user demand (constraint conditions) in web data mining into a constrained multi-objective optimization model and solve it by a constrained particle swarm multi-objective optimization algorithm. While we measure the distance between data by manifold distance. In order to make it easier for the constrained multi-objective particle swarm algorithm to solve different types of problems to find an effective solution set closer to the real Pareto front, a new manifold learning algorithm based on the constrained multi-objective particle swarm algorithm is built and used to solve this problem. Experiments results demonstrate that this can improve the service efficiency of cloud computing.
Influence of the Development of Internet Big Data on College Students' Music Education
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: May 2024

Under the background of globalisation and diversification, how to construct a music culture with national characteristics and develop music education with both diversity and localisation is a major issue that music education theory and research in China must face up to. This study begins with a theoretical overview and uses big data analysis to construct a framework for teaching localisation. Then the localisation methods of educational concepts and practical operations are sorted out, and the construction of the localised teaching model of Orff music pedagogy is introduced. Finally, this paper describes the big data analysis of the localised teaching model in terms of cluster trend analysis and determining the number of clusters analysis. The results show that the Chinese music pedagogy of Orff is realised on the basis of improving students' music knowledge and achieving their all-round development. The experimental data effectively improved the speed and accuracy of the big data analysis algorithm. This study is significant for the localised music education system in China.
The Internet of Musical Stuff
Authors: Messina Marcello , de Souza Stolfi Ariane , Aliel Luzilei , Simurra Ivan , Keller Damián
Published: May 2024

A recent initiative within ubimus research contemplates the development of an internet of musical stuff (IoMuSt) as a concept that interacts with and expands the pre-existing rubric of the internet of musical things (IoMusT). Opposed to the ontological fixedness of things, stuff is pliable, fairly amorphous, changeable depending on usage, context-reliant, either persistent or volatile. It encompasses adaptable and flexible temporalities, featuring non-allotable, non-monetisable and non-reifiable resources. Furthermore, IoMuSt highlights the distinction between object and subject, blurring this crisp separation. The IoMuSt rubric is sustained by aesthetic pliability, fostering an expansion of creative practices and a critical stance towards utilitarian human-computer interaction perspectives. The authors discuss key dimensions of aesthetic pliability as related to flexible infrastructures, open sources and methods, enhanced collaboration and a low ecological footprint. The properties of aesthetic pliability are explored within the realm of two case studies.
Role of NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Monocyte and Microglial Recruitments in Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Dieckmann Blake W , Paguaga Marcell E , McCollum Gary W , Penn John S , Uddin M D Imam
Published: May 2024

Although the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is largely unknown in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), inflammasomes may contribute to CNV development and progression. To understand the role NLRP3 inflammasomes in CNV, we used Ccr2RFPCx3cr1GFP dual-reporter mice and immunostaining techniques to confirm localization of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the laser-induced CNV (LCNV) lesions. Confocal microscopy was used to image and quantify LCNV volumes. MCC950 was used as NLRP3 inhibitor. ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR were used to confirm the activation of NLRP3 by monitoring the expression of IL-1β protein and mRNA in choroidal tissues from LCNV mice. In addition, NLRP3 (−/−) LCNV mice were used to investigate whether NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to the development of LCNV lesions. We observed that red fluorescent protein (RFP)–positive monocyte-derived macrophages and GFP-positive microglia-derived macrophages, in addition to other cell types, were localized in LCNV lesions at day 7 post–laser injury. In addition, NLRP3 inflammasomes are associated with LCNV lesions. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasomes, using MCC950, caused an increased Ccr2RFP-positive macrophages, Cx3cr1GFP-positive microglia, and other cells, resulting in an increase in total lesion size. NLRP3 (−/−) LCNV mice showed significantly increased lesion size compared with age-matched controls. Inhibition of NLRP3 resulted in decreased IL-1β mRNA and protein expression in the choroidal tissues, suggesting that increased lesion size may not be directly related to IL-1β.
Low-frequency focused thermosonication for Salmonella typhimurium inactivation: an in vitro study
Authors: Lauteri Carlotta , Pennisi Luca , Di Clerico Daniele , Pennisi Viola , Vergara Alberto
Published: May 2024

Customer requests are addressed to safe products that best express their characteristics of "naturalness" and "freshness" for the entire shelf life; therefore, scientific research has been exploring the use of "non-thermal technologies". Thermosonication using low-frequency focused ultrasound determines bacterial inactivation through the phenomenon of "cavitation", guaranteeing high-quality standards of safety, nutrition, and freshness of the products. The present work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium in culture broth by low-frequency focused thermosonication with two different operational parameters: sublethal temperature (40°C, 50°C) and treatment time (5, 10, and 15 minutes). Treatment determined a bacterial load reduction compared to the negative control (untreated inoculum), which was statistically significant at the T-test (p<0.05). Average decreases of 1.5 log and 3.5 CFU/mL were observed, respectively, after treatment and after 24 hours of storage at +4°C. Treatment at 50°C for 15 minutes was the most effective (average value: 3.06 log CFU/mL; minimum value: 2.13 log CFU/mL; maximum value: 4.59 log CFU/mL). However, strains have shown markable variability: one of them even showed an increase in the microbial load 24 hours after treatment at 40°C for 5 minutes (-0.20 log CFU/mL); however, the same treatment showed a reduction of bacterial charge in all the other strains (average value: 1.05 log CFU/mL; minimum value: -0.20 log CFU/mL; maximum value: 2.28 log CFU/mL). The study poses numerous perspectives on the use of low-frequency focused thermosonication treatment in the food industry as a sustainable and safe alternative to classic thermal treatments.
Association Between Lumbopelvic Stability During a Single-Legged Step Down and Elbow-Varus Torque During Baseball Pitching
Authors: DeZee Zachary J. , Barrack Adam J. , Bucci Kayla , Zerega Ryan J. , Straub Rachel K. , Karduna Andrew R. , Michener Lori A.
Published: May 2024

Context

During a baseball pitch, energy is transferred from the lower extremities through the lumbopelvic junction to the upper extremity. Reduced lumbopelvic stability has been associated with elbow injuries, but the mechanisms are unclear.

Objective

To characterize the predictive ability of lumbopelvic stability on elbow-varus torque during a baseball pitch.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Facilities at National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I universities.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 44 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball players (age = 19.6 ± 1.3 years, height = 190 ± 10 cm, mass = 90.1 ± 6.3 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Pitchers completed a warm-up and then threw 10 fastballs from a mound to a catcher. During the pitches, elbow-varus torque was recorded using an inertial measurement unit, and ball velocity was recorded using a radar gun. Participants also completed a single-legged step-down (SLSD) task with and without a cognitive Stroop, and triplanar pelvic and trunk kinematics were recorded using inertial measurement units. Statistical analysis consisted of a cluster analysis, principal components analysis, and a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

Cluster analysis identified 2 clusters: low torque–high velocity and high torque–low velocity. The principal components analysis identified 4 patterns of variability (principal components) during the SLSD: (1) sagittal plane, (2) transverse plane, (3) frontal-plane trail leg, and (4) frontal-plane lead leg. Logistic regression models indicated increased transverse-plane trunk (odds ratio = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.1, 8.0; P = .04) and increased pelvis motion (odds ratio = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 6.0; P = .03) predicted higher odds of belonging to the high torque–low velocity cluster.

Conclusions

Lumbopelvic movement assessed during the SLSD can identify deficits that relate to high elbow torque–low ball velocity during the baseball pitch. Specifically, higher transverse-plane pelvis and trunk motion were independently associated with pitchers in the high torque–low velocity cluster. Our assessment of trunk and pelvis motion during an SLSD provides a method for coaches and clinicians to identify a potential risk factor related to increased elbow-varus torque and decreased ball velocity.
Heteroclinic traveling waves of two-dimensional parabolic Allen–Cahn systems
Authors: Oliver-Bonafoux Ramon
Published: May 2024

In this paper we show the existence of traveling waves

w\colon [0,+\infty) \times \mathbb{R}^{2} \to \mathbb{R}^{k}

(

k \geq 2

) for the parabolic Allen–Cahn system

\partial_{t} w - \Delta w = -\nabla_{u} V(w)

in

[0,+\infty) \times \mathbb{R}^{2}

, satisfying some
heteroclinic
conditions at infinity. The potential

V

is a nonnegative and smooth multi-well potential, which means that its null set is finite and contains at least two elements. The traveling wave

w

propagates along the horizontal axis according to a speed

c^{\star}>0

and a profile

\mathfrak{U}

. The profile

\mathfrak{U}

joins as

x_{1} \to \pm \infty

(in a suitable sense) two locally minimizing one-dimensional heteroclinics which have
different
energies, and the speed

c^{\star}

satisfies certain uniqueness properties. The proof is variational and, in particular, it requires the assumption of an upper bound, depending on

V

, on the difference between the energies of the one-dimensional heteroclinics.
Ornithine aspartate effects on bacterial composition and metabolic pathways in a rat model of steatotic liver disease
Authors: Lange Elisa Carolina , Rampelotto Pabulo Henrique , Longo Larisse , de Freitas Laura Bainy Rodrigues , Uribe-Cruz Carolina , Alvares-da-Silva Mario Reis
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Studies suggest ornithine aspartate (LOLA) as drug therapy.

AIM

To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of MASLD.

METHODS

Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: Control (10 rats fed with a standard diet), MASLD (10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet), and LOLA (10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA, after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet). After 28 wk of the experiment, animals were euthanized, and feces present in the intestine were collected. Following fecal DNA extraction, the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™ system.

RESULTS

Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA. 3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA, which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium , Parabacteroides goldsteinii , and Parabacteroides distasonis . The functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and LOLA. The 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source, adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis. The 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate, including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways, purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis, pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IVA biosynthesis.

CONCLUSION

Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD, it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.
Focused and Smooth Inversion2D modelling of Magnetotelluric data from the Sabalan Geothermal Field in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Hasanalizadeh Kolagari Maedeh , Kalateh Ali Nejati
Published: May 2024

Magnetotelluric measurements from the Sabalan geothermal field in northwestern Iran have provided clear indications of geothermal reservoirs. This study aimed to identify shallow and deeper conductivity anomalies associated with geothermal systems in the Sabalan area. The magnetotelluric method is widely used for exploring subsurface resources, as it is suitable for detecting subsurface anomalies at significant depths. Based on modeling results, thick conductive layer was found near the surface of the Moil Valley area, where two reservoirs are embedded. The main reservoir, located on the west side of Sabalan volcano, extends from the south and southwest of Sabalan peak to the west and Moil valley. The dimensions of this reservoir are almost twice as large as the estimated volume obtained from previous studies. Another smaller reservoir is located to the north of the peak.
Daily geomagnetic variations under variable IMF/solar conditions and their connection with underground conductivity changes in Japan
Authors: Takla Emad M. , Yoshikawa Akimasa , Uozumi Teiji , Girgis Kirolosse M. , Abdelkader A.
Published: May 2024

Fluctuations in Solar Wind (SW) and Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) significantly affect the Geomagnetic Field (GF) measurements particularly during extreme space weather events. The current study investigates the variations of horizontal (H), vertical (Z) geomagnetic components under quiet and disturbed IMF and solar conditions as well as the effect of underground conductivity on the stationary geomagnetic measurements in Japan. Results of data analysis show that the response of the GF to IMF and solar parameters fluctuations is variable. The H- and Z-components were in good harmony with high visual correlation along a latitudinal profile across Japan during quiet times. On the other hand, during the disturbed times related to a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) launched on 13 May 2005, the GF components varied with the disturbance of IMF and solar parameters. The H-components showed highly correlated variations with a significant reduction along the examined profile due to intensified ionospheric currents, while the Z-components recorded in the northern part of Japan showed abnormal daily variations pattern (positive daily variations) with an enhanced amplitude which is opposite to the normal behavior of daily variations recorded in the central and southern parts of Japan (negative daily variations). The observed enhanced and abnormal daily variation of Z-components in north Japan, which we consider a remarkable observation here, is possibly linked with underground conductivity anomaly in this region.
Can seismogenic atmospheric current influence the ionosphere?
Authors: Surkov Vadim , Pilipenko Vyacheslav
Published: May 2024

The question of whether earthquake precursors can arise in the ionosphere is of a special interest in geophysics. Despite numerous encouraging reports on seismo-ionospheric effects, the mechanism of the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling (LAIC) during the crust destruction phase was not revealed yet. One of hypothesis assumes that a seismogenic current transfers an abnormal electric field from the near-surface atmosphere to the ionosphere prior to an earthquake occurrence. This current can be caused by the air ionization due to enhancement of radon gas emission from the soil or upward movement of charged atmospheric aerosols. Here we present a theoretical model of the spatial structure of the electric field in the atmosphere and bottom ionosphere driven by a vertical external current in the lower atmosphere. Perturbation of electric field in the ionosphere has been derived in the approximation of the "thin" E-layer. Simple analytical estimates have been obtained that relate the horizontal electric field in the ionosphere, vertical electric field on the ground, and parameters of the external current. The electric field attenuation with altitude is caused by the increase of atmospheric conductivity and the horizontal spreading of current. The estimates obtained enable one to evaluate the feasibility of anomalous variations of electric fields in the ionosphere related to forthcoming earthquakes. The analysis has shown that the hypothesis on aerosol upward convection as a cause of ionospheric anomalies seems unrealistic. To interpret the occurrence of significant ionospheric anomalies it would be necessary to assume the presence of too large currents and electric fields in the lower atmosphere that had never been observed during non-thunderstorm periods.
Research on the Rayleigh Surface Wave Inversion Method Based on the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Ren Wang , Yao Zhenan , Feng Zhibing , Li Wenjie , Wang Xiangteng , Wang Pan , Zhan Chenhao
Published: May 2024

Surface wave exploration is widely used in fields such as near‑surface exploration and engineeringsurveys because of its advantages of high resolution near the surface, non-destructive testing, convenient construction, and high-cost performance. Dispersion curve inversion is a key step isurface wave exploration, and the inversion accuracy of subsurface elastic parameters is heavily dependent on the inversion method. Similar to other geophysical inversion problems, dispersion curve inversion has inherent defects such as multiple parameters and multiple extreme values. Therefore, the use of linear methods has certain uncertainties and instability. From the perspective of global optimization nonlinearity, this paper introduces the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and improves it. The three population update mechanisms of the WOA are independent of each other, so the global exploration and local development processes in the optimization phase can be run and controlled separately. In addition, WOA does not require the artificial setting of various control parameter values, which improves the efficiency of the algorithm and reduces the difficulty of application. However, the WOA application still has slightly lower convergence precision and result accuracy in dispersion curve inversion, so this paper also proposes an improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) based on WOA. IWOA optimizes the initialization of the population and adds adaptive weight coefficients to enrich the population information and improve the convergence ability and local search ability of the algorithm. To test the applicability and noise immunity of IWOA for dispersion curve inversion, the noise-free and noise-contaminated dispersion curves of three theoretical models were inverted with IWOA. IWOA was also applied to the study of multi-mode model dispersion curve inversion. At the same time, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and WOA were also tested in the same inversion test to compare the performances of the PSO, WOA, and IWOA. The results of the above various experimental analyses show that IWOA has good applicability and noise immunity in the dispersion curve inversion of the theoretical model. The multi-mode dispersion curve inversion results show that IWOA is not only suitable for the inversion of multi‑mode data but also can significantly improve the accuracy of the inversion results. Compared with PSO and WOA, IWOA has a more stable convergence process and higher convergence accuracy. Finally, the measured data from the Arnarbæli area in Iceland (fundamental-mode surface wave data) and the Wyoming area in the United States (multi-mode surface wave data) were inverted to test the practicality of IWOA in inverting measured data. Analysis of measured data shows that IWOA is very suitable for the inversion of dispersion curves and can effectively quantitatively explain and solve practical engineering problems.
Local Magnitude Scale and 1-D Velocity Model for Central Northern India
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Suresh Gaddale , Sharma Mukat Lal , Gupta Subhash Chandra
Published: May 2024

Northern India's seismic monitoring has advanced significantly in the past with the establishment of a dense and well-distributed network of seismometers. This has greatly enhanced the ability to detect and analyze seismic events in the region and provided a high-quality dataset within the study region.  We use a 20-year dataset of 413 earthquakes comprising 3,191 P-arrivals and 2,986 S-arrivals to develop a one-dimensional velocity model for the region. The dataset is meticulously curated based on the azimuthal gap, minimum station requirements, and root mean square travel-time residual. A collection of preliminary models taken from previous studies conducted in and around the central north Indian region is subjected to random perturbations and utilized in a coupled hypocenter and one-dimensional seismic velocity inversion. The model exhibiting a reduced travel time residual in comparison to its predecessors is adopted as the final 1-D velocity model. This final five-layered model up to a depth of 100 km reveals a sediment thickness of 3.5 km with a P-wave velocity of 3.9 km/s and an upper crustal layer down to 20 km with a P-wave velocity of 6.01 km/s, and Moho depth of 42 km with P-wave and S-wave velocities at the Moho of 8.18 km/s and 4.71 km/s, respectively.  In defining the local magnitude scale for Central Northern India, we analyzed 166 earthquakes, ensuring each event had at least three synthetic Wood-Anderson amplitudes, with a data set comprised of 1404 maximum amplitudes of S- and Lg waves.  The derived ML scale, expressed as =log A (nm) + 0.752   log R (km) + 0.00129   R (km) -1.315+S, has been validated for earthquakes with magnitudes up to 4.6(Mw) over hypocentral distances of up to 1000 km.
Knowledge Level and Attitudes of Physiotherapy Students on Tissue/Organ Transplantation and Donation: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Tuncer Deniz , Gurses Hulya Nilgun
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Physiotherapists do not have the opportunity to acquire sufficient knowledge and skills in tissue/organ donation and transplantation as part of their education. The aim was to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes of physiotherapy students regarding organ donation and transplantation. Method: The study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study and conducted among the four academic years of physiotherapy students. A total of 161 students participated in this study. The level of knowledge and attitudes were assessed using the ‘Organ-Tissue Donation and Transplantation Knowledge Scale’ and the ‘Organ Donation Attitude Scale’ along with the sociodemographic information form. Results: Overall score of the ‘Organ-Tissue Donation and Transplantation Knowledge Scale’ was 13.04 ± 2.51, which corresponds to a good level of knowledge. The mean scores of students' attitudes toward organ donation measured by the ‘Organ Donation Attitude Scale’ were 99.26±13.44 for the ‘humanity and moral conviction’, 22.29±7.98 for the ‘fear of medical neglect’, and 29.34±9.65 for the ‘fear of bodily mutilation’ subdimensions, corresponding to a high level of attitude. A significant majority of students (90.1%, n=145) knew the definition of brain death. Conclusions: The role of healthcare professionals in informing and directing patients and their relatives about organ donation is important in increasing the awareness and positive attitudes about organ donation. Well-structured educational programs can enhance the role of physiotherapists to promote public organ donation knowledge and attitude. Efforts should be made to provide physiotherapists with comprehensive and appropriate training on organ donation and transplantation.
Pengembangan Prosedur Haccp Food Safety dengan Metode Design Thinking
Authors: Ervinza Muhammad , Pulungan Irhamsyah , Sujana Asep Taryana
Published: May 2024

An overview of important aspects of food safety in the restaurant industry by outlining the significant threat of microbial contamination in food processing and the subsequent health implications that can arise from foodborne illness. This article underscores the need for strict management and hygiene practices to mitigate these risks. In addition, it highlights the important role of preventive measures, particularly the adoption of food safety management systems such as HACCP, which play a role in identifying and controlling potential hazards in food production and preparation processes. In addition, the impact of customer feedback can affect a restaurant's reputation and customer satisfaction levels. Overall, it emphasized the importance of routine food safety practices and the proactive role of restaurant management in maintaining public health and maintaining consumer trust.
Peran Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Guru di SDN Sambikerep 1
Authors: Alami M Rafi , Khulud Khulud , Yanuar Marsya Jovita Putri , Trihantoyo Syunu , Nuphanudin Nuphanudin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang peran sekolah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan guru di SDN Sambikerep 1. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada aspek manajemen pembiayaan dan manajemen sumber daya manusia. Tujuannya adalah untuk menganalisis peran sekolah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan guru, serta cara-cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan manajemen pembiayaan dan manajemen sumber daya manusia guna menciptakan kesejahteraan bagi guru. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dengan melakukan wawancara kepada kepala sekolah dan guru kelas IV. Hasil penelitian ditekankan pada dua fokus utama. Pertama, aspek manajemen pembiayaan, yang mencakup sistem penggajian di sekolah, peran lingkungan, dan akses transportasi. Kedua, manajemen sumber daya manusia, yang meliputi perencanaan, rekrutmen, dan evaluasi. Dalam aspek manajemen pembiayaan, penelitian ini mengkaji sistem penggajian yang berlaku di sekolah, apakah sudah memadai untuk mencukupi kebutuhan hidup guru. Selain itu, peran lingkungan sekitar sekolah juga diteliti, seperti ketersediaan fasilitas umum dan akses transportasi yang memadai. Sementara dalam aspek manajemen sumber daya manusia, penelitian ini menganalisis perencanaan yang dilakukan sekolah dalam mengatur kebutuhan tenaga pengajar, proses rekrutmen guru baru, serta sistem evaluasi kinerja guru yang diterapkan.