bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body—Theater
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

Every time I come into the world, every day, therefore, my pupils open upon what there can be no question of calling a spectacle, for I am immediately caught, mixed up in, drawn forward by all the forces in my body, which makes its way in this world, which incorporates its space, its directions, its resistances, its openings, and which moves in this perception for which it is only the point of view from which this perceiving, which is also acting, is organized. Like any point, the point of view has no dimension. And it is, as we know, a blind spot, a stain that enables perspectives, relationships, near and far, to arrange themselves around it. This dark vanishing point resides within me, but within in the sense of the back of the room, the background I could represent as a point, as a non-space lodged immediately behind the space that develops like my head, my skull, my back, and all that within-itself by which a perceiving and acting body knows it is carried forth and projected....
After Tragedy
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

Here in America—perhaps not “in the U.S.,” but in America, as Jacques Derrida states in “deconstruction is America,” that is, the world we still have to discover—here, then, Philippe did have many friends. Many of them are here. Some have passed away, like Eugenio Donato, who was close to him, like Danielle Kormoz, who has been as well an American friend....
The Neutral, Neutralization of the Neutral
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

The motif of the neutral occupies a significant place in Blanchot’s thought. It would be no exaggeration to say that everything in his thinking is related to the “neutral” as its point of condensation, incandesecence, and vanishing, all at the same time.

With Blanchot, we must begin with writing: with literature to the extent that it forms the ever renewed play and continual dwelling on ...
Simple Sonnet
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

Notes beads broken necklace

Or my glass a burst of laughter

Yours

Notes leaves blond and rust

In a thick layer beneath the trees

Notes tossed into the forest

The panther’s intermingled spots

Clear voice keyboard notes

Slender crystal hint of foam

Suddenly your blood unbinds you....
“Let him kiss me with his mouth’s kisses”
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc
Published: May 2018

Let him kiss me with his mouth’s kisses

Thus sings the song of songs

Thus his mouth sings and enchants itself

As his demand so his expectation

Not kisses from another mouth

Except from the one she calls

The mouth of the other who loves her...
Religion of the Field Negro
Authors: Lloyd Vincent W.
Published: May 2018

This book argues that black theology has lost its direction. To reclaim its original power and to advance racial justice struggles today, black theology must fully embrace blackness and theology. Multiculturalism and religious pluralism have boxed in black theology, forcing it to speak in terms dictated by white supremacy. While critics have argued that secularism is entangled with the disciplining impulses of modernity, with neoliberal economics, and with Western imperialism, relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of secularism on black religion. Drawing on critics of secularism in other fields, this book probes the subtle ways in which religion is excluded and managed in black culture. Using Barack Obama, Huey Newton, and Steve Biko as case studies, the book shows how the criticism of secularism is the prerequisite of all criticism, and it shows how criticism and grassroots organizing must go hand in hand. Weaving together theological sources, critical theory, and cultural analysis, this book addresses questions about race and justice, love and hope, theorizing and organizing, and the role of whites in black struggle. The insights of James Cone are developed together with those of James Baldwin, Sylvia Wynter, and Achille Mbembe, all in the service of developing a political-theological vision that motivates challenges to white supremacy.
For What Are Blacks to Hope?
Authors: Lloyd Vincent W.
Published: May 2018

Recent theorizing in black studies, under the label Afro-pessimism, argues that hope for ending racial injustice is misguided. Racism is deeply woven into the metaphysics, or onto-theology, of the West—an argument that is made both through readings of philosophical texts and through empirical observation, contrasting the conditions faced by blacks with other ethnic groups. This challenge has not been substantially addressed by black theologians, who often romanticize the hope implicit in, for example, slave spirituals. This chapter points to theological responses to secularization as offering a model for black theological responses to racial injustice. According to Edward Schillebeeckx, secularization purged theology of false hopes while also orienting theologians to the future. This chapter explores what it might mean for Afro-pessimist insights to purge black theology of false hopes, and it asks what might remain of Christian hope after this purgation.
Introduction
Authors: Lin Lana
Published: May 2018

The Introduction lays out the key terms, organization, and methodology of the book. It details how Freud’s Jaw relies on psychoanalytic object relations theory—in particular theories on part-objects, attachment and dependency (anaclisis), mourning, melancholia, and fetishism. These psychoanalytic concepts are mobilized to probe the psychic life and death of human and nonhuman objects and to throw light upon how illness initiates processes of objectification. Each chapter focuses on a different type of object, which bears a relation to the psychoanalytic lost object: the prosthetic object, the “first object” (the breast), love objects, and reparative objects. Through its examination of autopathographies, including the author’s own autopathographic observations, the book fleshes out a “subjectivity of survival.” For Sigmund Freud survival entailed maintenance and adjustment of his oral prostheses; for Audre Lorde it was bound up with a politics of self-preservation; for Eve Sedgwick it was explicitly a reparative project. The chapter explains how cancer carries psychoanalytic meaning, confirming that death has always occupied the core of psychoanalysis as a tragic discourse.
Planned Obsolescence, Strategic Resistance: Ethnic Studies, Asian American Studies, and the Neoliberal University
Authors: Schlund-Vials Cathy J.
Published: May 2018

This chapter takes as a starting point the ways in which Ethnic Studies, as university/institutional initiative, was rendered precarious from the outset via joint appointments, soft funding lines, and non-binding budget commitments. The chapter then shifts to a reading of neoliberal university logics and provides strategies to subvert disciplinary “obsolescence” via a turn to critical/comparative Asian/Asian American studies.
Tensions, Engagements, Aspirations: The Politics of Knowledge Production in Filipino American Studies
Authors: Manalansan Martin F.
Published: May 2018

Contending that Filipino American Studies as diasporic field negotiates to varying ends the vexed borders of area studies, American studies, and Ethnic Studies, Manalansan observes that the problems of borders are by no means limited to semantics but instead encompass issues of unequal power distribution. Indicative of a heretofore under-examined epistemic privilege, these inequalities render visible the present and future predicaments of Filipino American Studies.
Buddhist Meditation as Strategic Embodiment: An Optative Reflection
Authors: Suh Sharon A.
Published: May 2018

Chapter 15 seriously scrutinizes the relationship of Buddhism, “one of America’s racialized other religious darlings,” to Asian American studies, which has yet to consistently recognize religion as a legitimate site upon which to map race, gender, and sexuality. Suh argues that “the common Buddhist units of measure and authenticity” —for instance, Orientalized monks and Eastern meditation— “are uncritically reproduced in larger Asian American discourses that continue to overlook the non-devotional and non-meditative practices of Buddhist laity.” Suh’s essay counters those discourses by engendering a new way of seeing meditation politics as a means of ameliorating bodily alienation and internalized white supremacy.
What Is Passed On (Or, Why We Need Sweetened Condensed Milk for the Soul)
Authors: Worrall-Soriano Brandy Liên
Published: May 2018

Dialogically fixed to the previous chapter, “On Asian/American Memory, Illness, and Passing” engages the personal as a means of reflecting upon the political. In particular, Worrall-Soriano—whose recently published cancer memoir, What Doesn’t Kill Us (2014) has received much critical acclaim—reflects upon how the field of Asian American studies, notwithstanding its preoccupations with state-authorized conflict and trauma, has historically failed to deal with widespread stigmatizations involving illness. Worrall-Soriano maps these omissions via a creative non-fiction exploration of her familial past; such forays, which assume the form of intergenerational palimpsest, bring to light the degree to which Asian American studies remains—in the face of teleology and despite critical movement—a post-traumatic stressed engagement.
The Survival of the Question
Authors: Banki Peter
Published: May 2018

This chapter is a reading of Simon Wiesenthal’s autobiographical novel The Sunflower (Die Sonnenblume: Eine Erzählung über Schuld und Vergebung (1969)). It focuses on the question of how to read silence in response to a request for forgiveness on the part of a dying Nazi perpetrator to a Jewish prisoner during World War II. Rather than read this silence only as a refusal, I argue that its haunting character provides the basis for a novel thinking of forgiveness: one that would not amount to a closing of accounts with the past. In the course of the reading, I question the (onto-theological) presupposition, operative within the narrative, that a statement in the form “I forgive you” is able ‘performatively’ to effectuate forgiveness and absolution. This unquestioned presupposition has consequences for the way the text has been read until now, where the discussion (be it in German, English, or French) has most often been limited to the question of whether or not the narrator was morally justified by not saying these words to the dying and repentant murderer, and if the respondent to the text (be s/he Jewish, Christian, Moslem, Buddhist, and/or atheist) in the narrator’s place would have acted otherwise.
Reading Forgiveness in a Marrano Idiom
Authors: Banki Peter
Published: May 2018

This chapter offers a reading of Jacques Derrida’s concept of forgiveness, in relation to what he and Jean-Luc Nancy call “the deconstruction of Christianity.” Against a certain powerful tradition of the Enlightenment, which extends from Voltaire to Heidegger (including Marx, Freud, and Nietzsche), Derrida and Nancy argue that it is not possible today to speak from a position that is purely and simply disenchanted from what is called religion, and in particular, from an experience of faith. This audacious claim does not, despite appearances, mean the abandonment of all critical and deconstructive vigilance with regard to the metaphysical heritage of Christianity (and/or monotheism in general) but rather, I argue, a deeper, more responsible way of addressing it. In this chapter, I identify the specificity of Derrida’s concept of forgiveness with the reference to the tradition of Marrano ‘Jews,’ with which he explicitly identifies. In other words, by articulating his concept of forgiveness (pardon) in terms of the gift (don), Derrida thinks in the language of Christianity something quite different from what Christianity has up until now has thought forgiveness to be.
Rearing, bird type and pre-slaughter transport conditions of broilers II. Effect on foot-pad dermatitis and carcass quality
Authors: Villarroel Morris , Francisco Ivan , Ibáñez Miguel A. , Novoa Martin , Martínez-Guijarro Paula , Méndez Jesús , De Blas Carlos
Published: May 2018

A multivariable linear model was used to analyse the incidence of carcass quality defects over one year in a commercial database that included 1,856 flocks of Ross broilers (9,188 shipments, 1,975,420 carcasses inspected). The incidence of foot-pad dermatitis (FPD), scratches and wing and back haematomas was scored and analysed in terms of the effects of transport distance, arrival time to the slaughterhouse, waiting time at the slaughterhouse, maximum outside temperature on the day of transport, feed conversion rate, stocking density, bird type (yellow-skinned females or males, white-skinned females or males and roaster females), thinning (birds transported after thinning, birds remaining after thinning, and non-thinned flocks), bed litter type (rice hulls, chopped straw or wood shavings), and ventilation system (dynamic, static or tunnel). The incidence of FPD was significantly (p<0.001) lower at higher maximum temperatures and higher in flocks with a higher feed conversion rate. FPD also increased with stocking density (kg/m2) and was, on average, 5.0% higher in males than females. Regarding thinning, FPD was 13% lower in birds transported after thinning. Birds raised on chopped straw had more FPD (49.3%), followed by wood shavings (31.1%). Scratches were higher at higher temperatures and increased with transport distance. Birds transported after thinning had 5.8% more scratches than non-thinned birds, while increased stocking density (kg/m2) on the farm tended to increase scratches. Back haematomas were 32.6% higher in birds that were thinned, while wing haematomas increased with stocking density (kg/m2). Back haematomas were also 23.7% higher in males and more common in white-skinned birds.
Comparison of growth performance and immune responses of broiler chicks reared under heat stress, cold stress and thermoneutral conditions
Authors: Olfati Ali , Mojtahedin Ali , Sadeghi Tayebeh , Akbari Mohsen , Martínez-Pastor Felipe
Published: May 2018

This study was conducted to compare the effects of thermal stress on growth performance and some immunity variables of broiler chickens. Birds were randomly assigned to one of three thermal treatments as follows: cold stress (CS, 12±1°C), (b) heat stress (HS, 33±3 °C) and (c) thermoneutral (TN, 24±2 °C). Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), water intake (WI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. In order to evaluate the primary and secondary humoral immune responses, two birds per replicate were intravenously administrated with a suspension of 7% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) at 28 and 35 days. The heat-stressed broiler chickens had lower FI (-14.90%), BWG (-25.71%) and higher FCR (+13.06%) in comparison to broiler chickens reared under TN condition (p<0.001) from 1 to 42 days of age. The cold-stressed broiler chickens showed lower FI (-22.05%), BWG (-38.32%) and higher FCR (+22.47%) in comparison to birds reared under TN conditions (p<0.001). Stressed birds (CS and HS) showed decreased antibody titer against SRBC, lymphocyte count and the relative weights of lymphoid organs and increased heterophil count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and the serum concentration of corticosterone, in comparison to birds in TN group (p<0.001). In conclusion, HS and CS conditions have similar negative effects on performance and immunity of broiler chickens.
RECOVERY WAST ETHANOL AND FORMOL REUSE GENERATED IN ZOOLICAL LABORATORIES.
Authors: Buttendorff Gabriel , Galão Olivio Fernandes
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho apresenta processos de recuperação de resíduos de formaldeído e etanol gerados em laboratórios. O formaldeído com concentração desconhecida e etanol residual de teor 70 ºGL foram coletados no laboratório de conservação zoológico da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Foram utilizados  processos de destilação simples para aumentar o gráu alcoólico e recuperação de formalina. Para a recuperação de etanol, destilação fraccionada, destilação azeotrópica e destilação extractiva foram utilizados. O resíduo foi destilado a partir de solução de formalina, e o formaldeído recolhido após a destilação foi quantificado através de titulação iodométrica, que provou ser um método muito eficiente e seguro. As amostras de etanol recolhidas foram medidas utilizando um densitómetro calibrado. Verificou-se que a concentração de formaldeído no resíduo era de 1,82% p / v e na solução recuperada era de 2,65% p / v. O grau máximo obtido na recuperação de etanol foi de 91,3 ºINPM. Todos os processos de destilação foram eficientes na recuperação e purificação de solventes residuais, o que resulta numa diminuição no volume de resíduos e no custo de aquisição de novos reagentes. O novo projeto para uma escala simples e maior está em andamento para recuperar maiores volumes de formaldeído.
Desenvolvimento sustentável dos municípios da região sudoeste paranaense
Authors: Turra Salatiel , Melo Cármem Ozana de , Fernandez Sanchez Gabriela
Published: May 2018

As discussões acerca do desenvolvimento sustentável constituem uma tarefa contínua, que demanda constantes estudos e informações acerca do fenômeno. Neste contexto, este artigo avalia o desenvolvimento sustentável dos municípios do sudoeste paranaense, buscando mensurar o Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (IDS). Com a finalidade de atender tal proposta, esta pesquisa empregou o Painel de Sustentabilidade (Dashboard of Sustainability), utilizando-se de base de dados secundárias procedente de fontes oficiais como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e o Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Como resultados, destacam-se os baixos Índices de Desenvolvimento Sustentável obtidos pelos municípios da região Sudoeste do Paraná. Dentre as conclusões desta pesquisa estão os baixos valores dimensionais (Ambiental, Econômico, Social e Institucional) que compõem o IDS_Total de cada município, além da desigualdade de desenvolvimento sustentável observada entre os municípios.
Examining the Application of Grammatical Metaphors in Academic Writing
Authors: Zhang Ying
Published: May 2018

English academic writing is a challenging task for Chinese EFL learners. For graduate students, they need systematic and explicit guidance to improve their academic writing competence. Grammatical metaphors are important resources for constructing academic discourse, and nominalization in ideational metaphors is regarded as the most powerful tool for achieving formality, objectivity, lexical density and text cohesion typical of academic papers. This article focuses on the role of grammatical metaphors in the production of quality academic written texts. It analyzes the function of grammatical metaphors in academic register and the application of these grammatical metaphors in creating academic meanings. The paper also provides some pedagogical implications for academic writing instruction for advanced EFL learners.
E-Banking Effects on Customer Satisfaction: The Survey on Clients in Jordan Banking Sector
Authors: Altobishi Thabit , Erboz Gizem , Podruzsik Szilard
Published: May 2018

In general, the managers in financial organizations and institutions are willing to maintain customer satisfaction, in order to minimize their cost and strengthen their competitive advantage.In Jordan, most of the commercial banks offer their banking services electronically. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effects of electronic banking services on customer satisfaction in the lights of survey questions asked to 175 clients in Jordan. The reviewed literature indicates that convenience, privacy, cost, ease of use, personalization and customization and security are six indicators that affect level of customer satisfaction with E-Banking. The survey questions conducted in these six indicators and statistical results shows a positive relationship between level of customer satisfaction and usage of E-Banking among customers. There is positive relationship between five indicators and level of customer satisfaction and usage of E-Banking. Only Privacy is not discovered to have an effect on Customer Satisfaction in Jordan.
Reliability and validity of ICPC-2-R encoding by medical students
Authors: Fontenelle Leonardo Ferreira , Zamprogno Álvaro Damiani , Rodrigues André Filipe Lucchi , Sirtoli Lorena Camillato , Checon Natália Josiele Cerqueira , Vetis Marcelo Santana , Brandão Diego José
Published: May 2018

Objective: To estimate how reliably and validly can medical students encode reasons for encounter and diagnoses using the International Classification of Primary Care, revised 2nd edition (ICPC-2-R). Methods: For every encounter they supervised during an entire semester, three family and community physician teachers entered the reasons for encounter and diagnoses in free text into a form. Two of four medical students and one teacher encoded each reason for encounter or diagnosis using the ICPC-2-R. In the beginning of the study, two three-hour workshops were held, until the teachers were confident the students were ready for the encoding. After all the reasons for encounter and the diagnoses had been independently encoded, the seven encoders resolved the definitive codes by consensus. We defined reliability as agreement between students and validity as their agreement with the definitive codes, and used Gwet’s AC1 to estimate this agreement. Results: After exclusion of encounters encoded before the last workshop, the sample consisted of 149 consecutive encounters, comprising 262 reasons for encounter and 226 diagnoses. The encoding had moderate to substantial reliability (AC1, 0.805; 95% CI, 0.767–0.843) and substantial validity (AC1, 0.864; 95% CI, 0.833–0.891). Conclusion: Medical students can encode reasons for encounter and diagnoses with the ICPC-2-R if they are adequately trained.
Afterword
Authors: Armelagos George J. , Van Gerven Dennis P.
Published: May 2018

The future depends on what you do today.

Mahatma Gandhi

When David Greene, Bill Adams, and I proposed the Kulubnarti project to the National Science Foundation (NSF) back in 1978, we requested funds to bring the remains back to Colorado rather than leave the skeletons behind after conducting our analysis there. Our rationale was to create a collection that would support future research employing technologies yet to be invented....
“Nobody Owns”
Authors: Gibson Andrew
Published: May 2018

This essay analyzes scenes from Ulysses alongside the legal regimes governing tenancy in 1904 Ireland. Summarizing the historical conflict between Brehon law and colonial versions of tenancy, Gibson shows James Joyce's ambivalence about both, and argues that Ulysses exposes the social and class disaster that was rentier culture in early 1900s Dublin.
“Eating orangepeels in the park”
Authors: Marie D’arcy Anne
Published: May 2018

This essay examines the legal contexts surrounding the protests against Queen Victoria’s Ireland visit in 1900, referred to repeatedly in James Joyce's writing, notably in "Island of Saints and Sages" and in Leopold Bloom's internal monologue in Ulysses. The essay recounts how Maude Gonne wrote a scathing article about the royal visit,"The Famine Queen," for The United Irishmen, which was immediately suppressed over concerns of sedition. This in turn led to Gonne's criminal libel case, for which Arthur Griffith's testimony against Ramsay Colles, publisher and editor of The
Irish Figaro, was crucial, D'arcy locates hitherto overlooked references to these developments all over Ulysses and theWake.
The Law in/of Finnegans Wake
Authors: Killeen Terence
Published: May 2018

This essay argues that scholars have underestimated the degree to which Finnegans Wake is shaped by James Joyce's interest in and reading about law and legal history, specifically the Bywaters trial and Maamtrasna murder trial. More generally it shows the book's debt to the notion of legal inquiry, a mode he asserts is fundamental to its structure and technique.
Introduction
Authors: Berrocal María Cruz , Tsang Cheng-Hwa
Published: May 2018

We briefly review the topics that our case studies in Vanuatu, Marianas, the Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, and Japan highlight, and note the value of these studies in framing a comparative approach to colonialism in the Asia-Pacific region. Each case study highlights different aspects in the colonial relationship. The chapters have been grouped following a geographical criterion, and the imbalance reflects the fact that some areas have been better studied than others (e.g. for Marianas), albeit with different perspectives. We express our hope that the book has gathered some previously little systematic or accessible evidence, offered comprehensive histories of some of the areas, and raised questions for the future.
The Discovery of Spanish Colonial Coins from the Sixteenth through the Eighteenth Centuries in the Southeast Coast of China
Authors: Liu Miao , Wu Chunming
Published: May 2018

The southeast coast of China played a key role in the ancient maritime history of East Asia. During the tenth to sixteenth centuries there was a common local maritime cultural community inside the South China Sea. Since the beginning of the sixteenth century, the maritime trading contact with Europeans had emerged, with Portuguese and Spanish navigation to eastern Asia, showing the new era of maritime history of early globalization. Since the Spanish conquest of America, European settlers mined and transported silver abundantly into Asia for trade. In the last 50 years, Chinese archaeologists have discovered hundreds of historical silver coins—which were originally from Spain and Spanish colonial settlements in the Americas and thus related to this globalizing trade—in the southeast coast of China. This chapter puts together a description of these materials, and so, for the first time, sheds a light to the early maritime trade between East and West.
The Relationship between Intentional Dental Ablation and Hereditary Agenesis in Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age China
Authors: Lee Christine
Published: May 2018

Dental ablation is a rare occurrence in ancient China. While previous studies have looked at cultural reasons for this practice this study examines possible biological causes for intentional tooth removal. Could a hereditary dental anomaly have been the original source for a cultural marker? The dentitions from 243 individuals were examined, representing five late Neolithic archaeological cultures. Each individual was scored for evidence of dental ablation, dental agenesis, and supernumerary teeth. Patterns of dental agenesis did not match regions with dental ablation. The one distinguishing trait among the Dawenkou was a higher frequency of supernumerary teeth. In conclusion, the Dawenkou sample had some biologically distinguishing features in their dentition, but their relationship with dental ablation is not supported.
A Postnational Critique of Language
Authors: Ortega Julio , Scharm Heike
Published: May 2018

This chapter argues that the Spanish language, including its literatures and cultures, is inherently postnational. For this reason, critical approaches based on transatlantic exchanges may unlock the creative potential of Hispanism’s multilingualism. These transatlantic dialogues aim to reconfigure the spatial organization of the world through a postnational language that reflects a paradigm of mixture (more so than mestizaje) and offers a cultural model based on heterogeneity. By citing examples of authors and literary works from the Middle Ages to the twenty-first century written on both sides of the Atlantic, Ortega reminds us that the Spanish language and its literatures are not only the product of a melting pot of Iberian regionalisms (Galician, Basque, Catalan) but also of the indigenous languages of the Americas. In light of the challenges of globalization and a globalized market, this cultural territory establishes itself as a potential promise of compatibility and a new kind of modernity.
Beyond Borders
Authors: Goldman Silvia
Published: May 2018

Silvia Goldman presents the Chilean poet and performer Cecilia Vicuña’s poetry collection i tu (2004) as a postnational work of literature that addresses its reader in several languages, such as Spanish, English, and Quechua. Goldman argues that i tu establishes a speech “between languages,” able to pierce through territorial, cultural, and linguistic borders. The poetic voice calls this an “habla-alba” (a “dawn-speech”) that identifies the common roots of several languages and thus re-establishes the connections between them. By challenging pre-established linguistic, national, and cultural boundaries, Vicuña's poetry aims to construct a future based on the continual redefinition of a multilingual and multicultural identity.The poems ini tu, therefore, can be read as an itinerant geography within a provisional country, described by the poetic voice as a “no lugar.” Protected from exile and rootlessness, an alternative sense of belonging can be constructed. The collection i tu, as this chapter argues, builds its own utopian, alternative “global village,” where the threads that lead back to a common point of origin are made visible and where political, national, cultural, and linguistic borders are questioned.
French Missionary Priests and Borderlands Catholicism in the Diocese of Bardstown during the Early Nineteenth Century
Authors: Pasquier Michael
Published: May 2018

An examination of the experiences of French missionary priests in the trans-Appalachian West adds a new layer of understanding to places ordinarily associated with the evangelical Protestant revivals of the Second Great Awakening. Their experiences of material deprivation, physical hardship, spiritual suffering, and lay opposition to ecclesiastical authority prompted some of them to reconsider what it meant to be a Catholic missionary in the early American republic, a context quite different from the one they envisioned. Many had difficulties relating their premigratory expectations of the missionary priesthood to their actual experiences of life within a borderlands diocese constructed by church officials in Rome thousands of miles away from the local populations, regional histories, and geographic obstacles that the foreign clergy would come to know intimately over the course of the early nineteenth century. As church leaders in the United States and Rome gradually broke up the Diocese of Bardstown during the antebellum period, French missionary priests realized that their dreams of establishing a nationwide institutional church and saving the peoples of an entire continent always clashed with the goals of other interest groups in the backwoods of Kentucky.
Signs of a New Commitment to Community Progress
Authors: Hawkins Karen M.
Published: May 2018

This chapter discusses the tensions that began to rise between Craven Operation Progress’s first executive director and local leaders with regards to program goals and his relationship with Washington, D.C. Craven County’s leaders chose to endure as board members, still believing the experimental program held great promise for solving their problems of poverty. Their growing commitment to progress and greater well-being for all citizens (as manifested in their accommodation to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, willingness to stand up to the local KKK, and efforts to attract higher-paying industries to the area) explains a good deal of their decision to stay on with COP.
Conclusion
Authors: Hawkins Karen M.
Published: May 2018

This chapter argues that ongoing plans at the local level spurred by black and white community leaders inside and outside Craven Operation Progress (now named CPI) proved effective in improving the imbalance between local and federal control during the War on Poverty. The most notable of these was the rate of economic development (namely industrial growth) in Craven starting in 1968. Building upon the foundation of previous efforts in the mid-1960s, it went far in helping to meet the original goals of the War on Poverty by providing broader access to steady and well-paying jobs that the poor most desired. Economic development would remain both a crucial goal and extension of the original antipoverty campaign in Craven well into the 1970s and beyond. While it had a varied impact on low-income individuals and was not a universal salvation out of poverty, Craven’s successes in job creation and job matching that benefited both whites and minorities appear to be in stark contrast to the chronicled shortcomings of similar efforts in urban areas such as Detroit, Philadelphia, and Oakland.
Activity Indicator Facets
Authors: Weiss Elizabeth
Published: May 2018

This chapter covers activity indicator facets, which are extra facets, facet extensions, or fossae near joints that have been associated with habitual activities. Many activity indicator facets are used to determine postural behaviors, such as kneeling and squatting. Load-carrying behaviors have also been assumed to result in accessory facets, especially at the sacro-iliac joint. Activity indicator facets, such as the Poirier’s facets, Allen’s facets, and Baastrup’s kissing spines, have become less frequently used by bioarchaeologists in recent years. Now, activity indicator facets are mainly found in archaeological site descriptions in which the activities are reconstructed using the site’s artifacts too. The waning interest in activity indicator facets may be due to the lack of clinical, sports, and animal research to support the link between the facets and activities.
Capitalism on the Campaign Trail
Authors: O’Mara Margaret
Published: May 2018

This chapter presents two case studies: the presidential elections of 1976 (Jimmy Carter/Gerald Ford) and 1992 (Bill Clinton/George H.W. Bush/H. Ross Perot). In both instances, Democratic insurgents defeated Republican incumbents during periods of economic crisis. As well, the winners ran on populist platforms that promised limited government and an enhanced role for private enterprise.
Presidents, the Military-Industrial Complex, and the Ascendant Politics of “Free Enterprise”
Authors: Wilson Mark R.
Published: May 2018

Since 1945, chapter 4 argues the American military has been privatized and de-militarized. The armed forces became less responsible for weapons production and global logistics. The Pentagon has relied increasingly upon commercial vendors and private contractors to occupy the Oval Office and has followed President Herbert Hoover’s call for the expansion of private enterprise in military affairs.
Flower Mountain Revealed
Authors: Eberl Markus
Published: May 2018

This chapter questions how innovation can help us to understand social change. Current models of society emphasize structures and agency. Societies have structural properties in the form of virtual schemas and actual resources. Individuals are knowledgeable and self-reflexive about society. They internalize these properties and apply their tacit knowledge in their daily behaviors to recreate society. Habits explain how societies and their structural properties are maintained, yet they make it difficult to account for change. While innovation explains change in industrial Western societies, it remains underutilized for ancient societies, and, even then, it is often restricted to evolutionary approaches that privilege modern technology. Here, innovation is embedded in specific cultural and historical contexts, specifically ancient Maya culture.
Itzamnaaj’s Court
Authors: Eberl Markus
Published: May 2018

The Western myth of the genius individualizes, and thus distracts, from the social processes that enable innovation. Chapter 3 looks into the social underpinning of creativity. Maya society grew and diversified over the course of the Classic period. Even hinterland villages changed economically as well as sociopolitically and provided individuals with opportunities to advance their interests. These changes can, for instance, be observed when we examine educational techniques: book and situated learning are contrasting approaches. In the former, learning takes place in a hierarchical environment; in the latter, apprentices observe and imitate masters in a work-related setting. Maya learning tends to be embedded in communities of practice. Imitation facilitates the meta-awareness that forms the foundation of creativity.
A Ruler Just Like Me
Authors: Eberl Markus
Published: May 2018

Chapter 5 addresses how power and status affect innovation. Earlier approaches considered status as an objective measure of the innovative spirit. These models fail to capture the more complex reality in which all members of society control resources, albeit to differing degrees. Power involves not only the imposition of one’s will on others but also (and possibly even more so) the subtle shaping of the framework in which individuals make their decisions. The powerful are choice architects. Thaler and Sunstein’s (2008) six principles are applied to the changing relationships between kings and their people at Late Classic Copan. As members of society negotiate power, they shape the Garden of Forking Paths that describes the space for individual decision-making.
Epilogue
Authors: Baird Melissa F.
Published: May 2018

I am back in Western Australia. It has been only two years since I visited this home on Crockett Way in Karratha. I park the van in front of what had once been a well-kept home. I’ve come to see if my former informant is still living there; I had lost track of him after he was laid off in 2014. I assume he has moved away and that his home is in foreclosure. I base this solely on anecdotal evidence: a broken window, a yard overgrown with weeds, and a for sale sign that appears to have been there for some time. I hear a dog barking and see someone peek out from the home next door, signs that not all the workers have moved away....
Creaturely Love
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

Creaturely Love explores some of the ways in which desire makes us both more, and less, human. Focusing on key figures in modern philosophy, art, and literature—Nietzsche, Salomé, Rilke, Balthus, Musil, Proust —as well as pre-modern texts and fairy-tales—Fourier, Fournival, Ovid—this book examines how animals inform and influence the understanding and expression of love between people. From pet names to spirit animals, and allegories to analogies, animals constantly appear in our writings and thoughts about romantic desire. Creaturely Love argues that animals are not only “good to think with,” as Claude Lévi-Strauss maintained, but also good to love with. Throughout Western history, we seem to need the figure of the animal to express our passions; and yet, ironically, we use these same creatures to disavow our own animal appetites. By following certain charismatic animals, during their passage through the love letters of philosophers, the romances of novelists, the conceits of fables, the epiphanies of poets, the paradoxes of contemporary films, and the digital menageries of the internet, this book demonstrates how essential “the creature” has been to our own conception of love through the ages. In our appropriation and deployment of the animal in our amorous expression, we are both acknowledging – and disavowing – our own animal aspect. It is this ambivalence that forms the focus of the book, which ultimately argues that what we adore in the beloved is not (only) their humanity, but their creatureliness.
Introduction
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

Love between humans is always already creaturely.
Divining Creaturely Love
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

A genealogy of the word “creature,” and discussion of its theological legacy in the West.
Electric Caresses
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

A discussion of the sketches Balthus made as a child, traumatized by the loss of his beloved cat, as well as Rilke’s preface to a published collection of these images.
The Biological Travesty
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

An extension of the discussion in Chapter 5.
Conclusion
Authors: Pettman Dominic
Published: May 2018

On the interchangeability of animals and humans in our romantic narratives.
Frog Pond Philosophy
Authors: Donnelley Strachan , Kirschenmann Frederick L.
Published: May 2018

Frog Pond Philosophy explores ways of thinking “humans” and “nature” together so as to provide a philosophical and ethical alternative to the separation of human being and the rest of natural being that has been created by dominant currents in modern philosophy and modern science. The book offers two types of reflection that are meant to supplement and complement one another: personal essays and reflections based on direct encounters with nonhuman species and landscapes; and interpretive, philosophical essays devoted to a range of important modern and contemporary thinkers—from Descartes and Spinoza to Alfred North Whitehead and Hans Jonas, from Darwin to Aldo Leopold and Ernst Mayr. These essays offer a history of modern philosophies of nature and suggests a new direction for contemporary thought. Frog Pond Philosophy gives a distinctive voice to a natural world consisting of humans and all other species, each part of a vital whole, where humans have a special responsibility to conserve, respect, and nurture that complex living whole in all its richness and diversity.
Bottom Lines and the Earth’s Future
Authors: Donnelley Strachan
Published: May 2018

This chapter questions and challenges the tendency to define single ultimate values and then elevate them to grow into full-fledged worldviews by which we live. The principal example discussed here is the profit orientation and imperative of a market society. This chapter warns against embracing an exclusive economic approach to conservation and ecological issues, not because assigning a monetary value to ecosystem services and values cannot sometimes be useful, but because the monetary worldview is ultimately overweening and misleading for the conservation movement. The chapter concludes with a sketch and overview of the worldview that grows out of the philosophies of nature discussed later in the book as an ecocentric value-based alternative to profit-oriented market incentives.
Go Tell It on the Mountain
Authors: McWilliams Wilson Carey
Published: May 2018

This chapter treats Baldwin’s religiosity as a means of exploring both relevant cultural factors shaping Baldwin’s writing as well as examining the foundational, evangelist tenets of Baldwin’s faith that informed his political standing. Wilson Carey McWilliams’s close reading of Mountain not only unpacks the characters of the novel as various disquisitions on faith but also uses these instances of faith to reveal what Baldwin has to say about identity, multiculturalism, and the universal power of love. The chapter is both an important synthesis of the two approaches to Baldwin’s religion and original in thought and examination.
Crossing Identitarian Lines
Authors: Norman Brian
Published: May 2018

This chapter’s content proves relevant in its advocacy for the political implications of individual experience. Brian Norman’s Baldwin is an author very much concerned with gender; Norman demonstrates how Baldwin’s writings can be read as protofeminist pieces whose focus on the importance of individual experiences dovetails with suffrage, exclusion, and gender violence in America. Although Baldwin never explicitly announces his feminism, his treatments of race and sexuality, when read through a feminist lens, prove to be intersectional insofar as they can inform gendered experiences of oppression and suffering. Norman is careful to establish that oppression faced by African Americans and women are not interchangeable; rather, the early examination of one can shed light on the progress of the other. Norman’s reading of Baldwin further aids our understanding of Baldwin’s tying together of democracy and identity in that democracy is dependent on the liberation of all rather than a few.
A Stirred-up Anthill
Authors: Rode Alan K.
Published: May 2018

Kertész continued his prolific period at Phönix with the release of seven films during 1917–18. Titles included The Jew Tenant and The Rental Car 99, the latter starring Bela Lugosi. October 1918 brought an end to the war when Austria-Hungary was broken up by the victorious Allies. As the country descended into chaos, Kertész continued making films. The ascension of an authoritarian Communist government quickly gave way to a right-wing coup that included a purge launched against the film industry and Jews.Feeling very much at risk, Kertész slipped out of the country and ended up in Vienna making films for Count Alexander Kolowrat’sSascha Productions. He was soon joined by many of his countrymen, including Alexander Korda and Bela Lugosi.
Hungarian in the Promised Land
Authors: Rode Alan K.
Published: May 2018

Curtiz arrived in New York City via the ocean liner Leviathan on June 10, 1926; the story that his ship docked on July 4 and he thought the holiday fireworks were a celebration of his American arrival was a PR fiction that would be repeated for decades by Warner, Hal Wallis, and Curtiz. Curtiz arrived in Hollywood with his treatment of Noah’s Ark, but instead Jack Warner assigned him a crime drama, The Third Degree (1926), based on a 1908 stage play. He scrambled to learn about American criminal procedures by spending time in the L.A. County Jail and having the script translated into Hungarian. He added a great deal of unscripted material to the picture, a harbinger of future strife between him and the studio.As he completed more pictures for Warner Bros., including A Million Bid and The Desired Woman, he began his long association with Darryl F. Zanuck.He also met the screenwriter Bess Meredyth,who would become his second wife. His immigration status proved to be a problem, as it had to be extended each year by Warner Bros. until he could become a legal resident.
General Foreman
Authors: Rode Alan K.
Published: May 2018

Curtiz settled in as a contract director at Warner Bros. The Warners bought out First National while continuing to grow into one of Hollywood’s major film studios. Under Jack Warner and Zanuck, prices were reduced and picture output doubled. From 1929 to 1934 Curtiz directed a total of thirty feature films, or six per year—a superhuman output by any measure.Curtiz became friendly with Zanuck, and the pair worked together harmoniously. Curtiz’s initial films in 1929–30, including Glad Rag Doll,The Gamblers, and Madonna of Avenue A, were successful at the box office. He directed the great Al Jolson in Mammy (1930), followed by a series of mostly unsuccessful films starring the egomaniacal Frank Fay. The descriptions and production details of his films during this period are interspersed with an account of how Curtiz had to leave the country with Bess in August 1931 to restart his entry to the United Stares toward obtaining his American citizenship.At this point he was becoming frustrated with his film assignments at Warners and yearned to direct more important films to prove himself as an American director of consequence.
A Michael Curtiz Production
Authors: Rode Alan K.
Published: May 2018

Curtiz pressed Jack Warner to support the start-up of hisproduction company while directing Life with Father, his longest production at Warner Bros. Life with Father was complicated by the contractual power of Clarence Day Jr.’s widow as well as Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse, who exercised creative control over the entire production. The back story of the movie is supplemented by a firsthand account from the actor Jimmy Lydon. After Life with Father became another box-office hit,and a mini-scandal involving one of his Hungarian assistants and his daughter Kitty was covered up by the studio, Curtiz got the go-ahead to set up his production company on the Warner lot.After selling the Canoga Ranch and moving to a smaller spread in Encino, he produced his first independent film, The Unsuspected. Curtiz sought stars—including Orson Welles, Ava Gardner, and Dana Andrews—but ended up with Claude Rains, Audrey Totter, and a newcomer, Michael North. The picture was a visual delight, but it didn’t fare well at the box office. Curtiz needed another picture with a new star in order to keep his new company running.