bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reading skills deficits in people with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vanova Martina , Aldridge-Waddon Luke , Jennings Ben , Puzzo Ignazio , Kumari Veena
Published: November 2020

Background

Good reading skills are important for appropriate functioning in everyday life, scholastic performance, and acquiring a higher socioeconomic status. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify possible deficits in specific reading skills in people with a variety of mental illnesses, including personality disorders (PDs).

Methods

We performed a systematic search of multiple databases from inception until February 2020 and conducted random-effects meta-analyses.

Results

The search yielded 34 studies with standardized assessments of reading skills in people with one or more mental illnesses. Of these, 19 studies provided data for the meta-analysis. Most studies (k = 27; meta-analysis,k = 17) were in people with schizophrenia and revealed large deficits in phonological processing (Hedge’sg = −0.88,p < 0.00001), comprehension (Hedge’sg = −0.96,p< 0.00001) and reading rate (Hedge’sg = −1.22,p = 0.002), relative to healthy controls; the single-word reading was less affected (Hedge’sg = −0.70,p< 0.00001). A few studies in affective disorders and nonforensic PDs suggested weaker deficits (for all, Hedge’sg< −0.60). In forensic populations with PDs, there was evidence of marked phonological processing (Hedge’sg = −0.85,p < 0.0001) and comprehension deficits (Hedge’sg = −0.95,p = 0.0003).

Conclusions

People with schizophrenia, and possibly forensic PD populations, demonstrate a range of reading skills deficits. Future studies are needed to establish how these deficits directly compare to those seen in developmental or acquired dyslexia and to explore the potential of dyslexia interventions to improve reading skills in these populations.
Clinical and Functional Consequences of C-Terminal Variants in MCT8: A Case Series
Authors: van Geest Ferdy S , Meima Marcel E , Stuurman Kyra E , Wolf Nicole I , van der Knaap Marjo S , Lorea Cláudia F , Poswar Fabiano O , Vairo Filippo , Brunetti-Pierri Nicola , Cappuccio Gerarda , Bakhtiani Priyanka , de Munnik Sonja A , Peeters Robin P , Visser W Edward , Groeneweg Stefan
Published: November 2020

Context

Genetic variants in SLC16A2, encoding the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8, can cause intellectual and motor disability and abnormal serum thyroid function tests, known as MCT8 deficiency. The C-terminal domain of MCT8 is poorly conserved, which complicates prediction of the deleteriousness of variants in this region. We studied the functional consequences of 5 novel variants within this domain and their relation to the clinical phenotypes.

Methods

We enrolled male subjects with intellectual disability in whom genetic variants were identified in exon 6 of SLC16A2. The impact of identified variants was evaluated in transiently transfected cell lines and patient-derived fibroblasts.

Results

Seven individuals from 5 families harbored potentially deleterious variants affecting the C-terminal domain of MCT8. Two boys with clinical features considered atypical for MCT8 deficiency had a missense variant [c.1724A>G;p.(His575Arg) or c.1796A>G;p.(Asn599Ser)] that did not affect MCT8 function in transfected cells or patient-derived fibroblasts, challenging a causal relationship. Two brothers with classical MCT8 deficiency had a truncating c.1695delT;p.(Val566*) variant that completely inactivated MCT8 in vitro. The 3 other boys had relatively less-severe clinical features and harbored frameshift variants that elongate the MCT8 protein [c.1805delT;p.(Leu602HisfsTer680) and c.del1826-1835;p.(Pro609GlnfsTer676)] and retained ~50% residual activity. Additional truncating variants within transmembrane domain 12 were fully inactivating, whereas those within the intracellular C-terminal tail were tolerated.

Conclusions

Variants affecting the intracellular C-terminal tail of MCT8 are likely benign unless they cause frameshifts that elongate the MCT8 protein. These findings provide clinical guidance in the assessment of the pathogenicity of variants within the C-terminal domain of MCT8.
Beyond Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Staging Reproductive Aging in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Medica Alexa C O , Whitcomb Brian W , Shliakhsitsava Ksenya , Dietz Andrew C , Pinson Kelsey , Lam Christina , Romero Sally A D , Sluss Patrick , Sammel Mary D , Su H Irene
Published: November 2020

Context

Although stages of reproductive aging for women in the general population are well described by STRAW+10 criteria, this is largely unknown for female adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYA survivors).

Objective

This work aimed to evaluate applying STRAW + 10 criteria in AYA survivors using bleeding patterns with and without endocrine biomarkers, and to assess how cancer treatment gonadotoxicity is related to reproductive aging stage.

Design

The sample (n = 338) included AYA survivors from the Reproductive Window Study cohort. Menstrual bleeding data and dried-blood spots for antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) measurements (Ansh DBS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) were used for reproductive aging stage assessment. Cancer treatment data were abstracted from medical records.

Results

Among participants, mean age 34.0 ± 4.5 years and at a mean of 6.9 ± 4.6 years since cancer treatment, the most common cancers were lymphomas (31%), breast (23%), and thyroid (17%). Twenty-nine percent were unclassifiable by STRAW + 10 criteria, occurring more frequently in the first 2 years from treatment. Most unclassifiable survivors exhibited bleeding patterns consistent with the menopausal transition, but had reproductive phase AMH and/or FSH levels. For classifiable survivors (48% peak reproductive, 30% late reproductive, 12% early transition, 3% late transition, and 7% postmenopause), endocrine biomarkers distinguished among peak, early, and late stages within the reproductive and transition phases. Gonadotoxic treatments were associated with more advanced stages.

Conclusions

We demonstrate a novel association between gonadotoxic treatments and advanced stages of reproductive aging. Without endocrine biomarkers, bleeding pattern alone can misclassify AYA survivors into more or less advanced stages. Moreover, a large proportion of AYA survivors exhibited combinations of endocrine biomarkers and bleeding patterns that do not fit the STRAW + 10 criteria, suggesting the need for modified staging for this population.
The Circadian Clock, Shift Work, and Tissue-Specific Insulin Resistance
Authors: Oosterman Johanneke E , Wopereis Suzan , Kalsbeek Andries
Published: November 2020

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have become a global health concern. The prevalence of obesity and T2D is significantly higher in shift workers compared to people working regular hours. An accepted hypothesis is that the increased risk for metabolic health problems arises from aberrantly timed eating behavior, that is, eating out of synchrony with the biological clock. The biological clock is part of the internal circadian timing system, which controls not only the sleep/wake and feeding/fasting cycle, but also many metabolic processes in the body, including the timing of our eating behavior, and processes involved in glucose homeostasis. Rodent studies have shown that eating out of phase with the endogenous clock results in desynchronization between rhythms of the central and peripheral clock systems and between rhythms of different tissue clocks (eg, liver and muscle clock). Glucose homeostasis is a complex process that involves multiple organs. In the healthiest situation, functional rhythms of these organs are synchronized. We hypothesize that desynchronization between different metabolically active organs contributes to alterations in glucose homeostasis. Here we summarize the most recent information on desynchronization between organs due to shift work and shifted food intake patterns and introduce the concept of phenotypic flexibility, a validated test to assess the contribution of each organ to insulin resistance (IR) in humans. We propose this test as a way to provide further insight into the possible desynchronization between tissue clocks. Because different types of IR benefit from different therapeutic approaches, we also describe different chronotherapeutic strategies to promote synchrony within and between metabolically active organs.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Studies of Some Organotin Compounds: (A-Review)
Authors: Siwacha Priyanka , Soni Surbhi , Kumar Sharmaa Harish , Kumara Manoj
Published: November 2020

Significant attention has been given to organotin (IV) amino acids compounds in recent years. Organometallic compounds are better known for their potentiality to stabilize peculiar stereochemistry of their complexes and application in agriculture, catalysis and as single source precursors. Due to the better stability and diverse molecular structures the complexes own a wide range of biological activities. These individual properties create an alliance of action in the hybrid complex. In this review, we discuss the chemistry of organotin (IV) complexes and their different aspects in various fields. The aim of the present review is to evaluate the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of organotin compounds.
Enhance the Stability of Traditional Concentrated Yoghurt using Natural Antioxidants Additives
Authors: Ayyad Ziad , Qurie Muhannad , Odeh Natshe Amal , Sawalha Saleh , Al-Rimawi Fuad
Published: November 2020

The stability of virgin olive oil (VOO) used as a packing medium for traditional concentrated Yoghurt decreased during time and the product could deteriorate during the storage time. In this investigation, different natural additives such as dried Arum Palaestinum leaves (AP), Tomato Peel (TP) and Chili Pepper (CP) have been used to enhance the quality and stability of packing medium VOO for traditional canned concentrated Yoghurt balls. Parts VOO samples added with natural additives were stored as packing medium for traditional canned concentrated Yoghurt balls. Other part was stored without concentrated Yoghurt in the same storage conditions. All samples were analyzed for their initial quality indexes and during the storage period of six months. At the end of storage, results revealed that the % acidity for all VOO samples used as a packing medium showed a higher value than the samples stored without concentrated Yoghurt balls. On the other side, peroxide values for all stored samples of both parts were less than the control sample without additives. Extinction coefficients (K232, K270) for VOO samples with the natural additives showed increased trend during the storage time, but it didn't exceed the accepted limit for VOO. Total phenol content for all samples were gradually decreased during storage period, whereas samples with the natural additives showed higher values than the controls. All the natural additives (CP, TP, AP) showed a positive trend in enhancing and improving the different VOO quality indexes in our study in particular those samples added with CP during the storage time.
Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method Development for Related Substances of Anti-histamine Promethazine hydrochloride
and its Validation study
Authors: Takale Nilesh , Kaliyaperumal Neelakandan , Krishnan Gopal , Mannathusamy Mannathusamy , Rajan Govindasamy Raja
Published: November 2020

A smooth, specific, precise, and accurate high-performance reverse phase (RP-HPLC) method for determining related substances in antihistamine Promethazine Hydrochloride (PMZ∙HCI) has been recorded. The RP-HPLC system is developed and tested in compliance with recommendations Q2(R1) of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH). Column 5m and reverse step with linear gradient elution is accomplished in Symmetry Shield RP8 (4.6 mm x 150 mm). Mobile phase A is 3.4% in the 7.0 pH water, modified to dilute potassium hydroxide solution. In contrast, the 60:40 mixture of acetonitrile and methanol combination as mobile phase B. The handled phase with a continuous flow rate of 1.0 ml min-1 is provided by choosing the wavelength 254 nm using a PDA/UV detector. The temperature of the column oven and sampler is 25°C and 4°C, respectively. The injection amount chosen is 10.0 μL. The method is linear in the quantitation limit range (LOQ) to 150 percent concerning the specification impurity concentration limit. Both impurities and PMZ have a correlation coefficient of greater than 0.999. The LOQ for all known impurities and PMZs has a specification limit of between 10 to 30%. The relative response factor for all four known impurities is calculated. The unexplained peaks are very different; the effects obtained are similar to the original values. There are no significant changes improvements to the suitability parameters, such as tailing factor, Plates theoretical sheets, and % RSD in Robustness Studies. The forced degradation analysis of PMZ∙HCI was performed. This RP-HPLC is descriptive, accurate and precise. This further defines the parameters of linearity, consistency and robustness used for regular quality control analysis.
Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Ni (II), Pd (II), Pt (II) Complexes with 6-Methoxy-2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydropyridine (MTP)
Authors: Ali Mohamad Hikmat , Taha Al-Kattan Widad , Mashal Al-Daly Zena , Nafia Najim Ali
Published: November 2020

Reaction of 2 moles of (MTP) with one mole of MCl2 gave colored complexes with general formula; [M(MTP)2Cl2]. [M = Ni+2, Pd+2, and Pt+2]. All synthesized complexes are well-characterized using, FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, UV-Vis. Spectra furthermore of magnetic susceptibility, C,H,N analysis, and molar conductivity. The results illustrated that divalent metal ions were coordinated with the ligands through nitrogen atoms in square planar spatial arrangements. The complexes were screened for their cytotoxicity effects versus MCF-7 cell line and showed that [Pt(MTP)2Cl2] complex has good cytotoxicity in comparison with the other complexes.
Gel Formulation of Jamblang Leaf Extract (Syzygium cumini L) Skeel and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Samsuar Samsuar , Hanifa Dina
Published: November 2020

In this paper we reported gel formulation that containing Jamblang Leaf extract (Syzygium cumini L) and activity test as antioxidant. The Jamblang Leaf plant contained polyphenols compound which function as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of gel formulation that containing jamblang leaf extract. Extraction of Jamblang Leaf were formulated with three varation of concentration and gel basis as negative controls. The gel formulation were evaluated for organoleptic observations, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, dispersion test, adhesion test, accelerated stability test for 4 weeks storage, and measurement of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method with wavelength of 519 nm. The results of gel formulation IC50 value shows the ability of a substance to inhibit 50% DPPH radical of 47.735 ppm. The gel extract of Jamblang Leaf has a very strong antioxidant activity.
Studies on Some Hetero Binuclear Copper(II) Schiff base Complexes
Authors: Prakash Shivani , Kumari Gupta Anju , Prakash Sachin , Prakash D.
Published: November 2020

A series of new hetero binuclear complexes of copper(II) and lead(II) using Schiff base have been synthesized. The Schiff base has been derived from the condensation reaction between Salicylaldehyde and 1,2-Ethylenediamine. The hetero binuclear complexes have been characterized by using elemental analysis, molar conductance measurement, magnetic susceptibility studies, UV-Vis and IR spectra. The studies revealed square planar geometry for the complexes with coordination number four.
Rheological Characteristics of Castor oil used as Biodegradable Lubricant
Authors: Stanciu Ioana
Published: November 2020

In this article I have presented the rheological characteristics of castor oil used as a biodegradable lubricant. The rheograms of castor oil have quite different slopes. The highest slope is at shear speed 3.3s-1, and the smallest slope is at 120s-1. From the representation of the dependence of the dynamic viscosity on the correlation coefficients at all the temperatures at which the castor oil has been was studied, the correlation coefficients have values close to the one value. The correlation coefficients have values between 0.985-0.990.
Slow tourism, una oportunitat per a la transformació del turisme?
Authors: Izcara Conde Carla , Cañada Ernest
Published: November 2020

This essay-style article, aims to clarify some of the concepts with which the slow movement is expressed in the field of tourism, as well as to introduce some of the debates it has generated: the potentialities of its association with a process of revaluation of local gastronomy, the motivations of the slow tourist and, finally, the opportunities, but also contradictions and limitations of a proposal of this type to transform tourism in an emancipatory sense.
Conductive metal–oxide-based tunable, wideband, and wide-angle metamaterial absorbers operating in the near-infrared and short-wavelength infrared regions
Authors: Baqir Muhammad Abuzar
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the absorption features of the gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) nanowire-based metamaterial absorber. The absorption spectrum was analyzed in the near-infrared regime (NIR) and short-wavelength infrared regime (SWIR). The wideband absorption was observed in the NIR and SWIR. The effect of the volume fraction of the nanorod and thickness of the metamaterial was depicted on the absorption spectrum. Observations reveal that at a lower volume fraction of GZO, absorption is noticed at SWIR of the spectrum; however, for a large volume fraction, blueshift in the absorption band is noticed, and absorption is found in the NIR of the spectrum. Further, a larger volume fraction of GZO attributes to the property of hyperbolic metamaterial. Moreover, the figure of merit and operational bandwidth are analyzed to optimize the absorption results. Such an absorber would be useful for energy harvesting, SWIR photodetectors, and imaging applications.
Experimental dispersion of the third-order optical susceptibility of graphene oxide
Authors: Kang Luhao , Sato Rodrigo , Zhang Boyi , Takeda Yoshihiko , Tang Jie
Published: November 2020

We experimentally determined the dispersion of third-order optical susceptibility χ(3) of graphene oxide (GO) in the visible region (450 - 750 nm) by combining spectroscopic ellipsometry and ultrafast pump and probe spectroscopy in the femtosecond regime. In order to mitigate the damage of wide-spectrum laser to photonic devices, GO has become a promising material for optical limiting (OL) devices. However, there is no report about the χ(3) dispersion of GO, which is a complex quantity that directly corresponds to nonlinear refraction and absorption and is a crucial parameter for the manipulation and application of its OL properties. Here, we identified that the linear optical response of GO shows a flat dispersion in the visible region. In contrast, its nonlinear optical response exhibits saturable absorption (SA) at the short wavelength and reverse saturable absorption (RSA) at the long wavelength. These results propel the application of GO in the broadband OL devices based on the RSA behavior. In addition, by controlling the fraction of sp2 and sp3 hybridizations, it also provides opportunities to tailor the NLO properties and OL performance of GO.
Roboter zur Unterstützung im Alter
Authors: Ruf Esther , Lehmann Stephanie , Pauli Cora , Misoch Sabina
Published: November 2020

Wir begegnen unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen, wie steigendem Anteil der älteren Bevölkerung, Fachkräftemangel im Pflegesektor und Wunsch älterer Personen möglichst lange selbständig in ihrer gewohnten Häuslichkeit zu leben. Eine Möglichkeit auf diese Entwicklungen zu reagieren, ist Roboter zur Unterstützung im Alter einzusetzen. Vielfältige Auswirkungen eines Robotereinsatzes wurden in der Literatur beschrieben und in der gerontologischen Forschung diskutiert. Um jedoch die intendierte Wirkung zu entfalten, müssen die Roboterlösungen akzeptiert werden. Die Akzeptanzbedingungen erforscht das Institut für Altersforschung (IAF) der OST – Ostschweizer Fachhochschule, unter partizipativem Einbezug der Nutzenden. Anhand von Ergebnissen aus Befragungen und Forschungsprojekten stellt dieser Artikel die Erfahrungen von Personen mit und die Einstellungen gegenüber Robotern vor. Faktoren der Roboterakzeptanz werden allgemein und mit dem Fokus auf Emotionen gegenüber Robotern und bevorzugtes Aussehen eines Roboters aufgegriffen. Exemplarisch werden für die Bereiche Privathaushalt und Alters- und Pflegeheim Einsatzmöglichkeiten für Roboter zur Unterstützung im Alter vorgestellt. Es werden aber auch Grenzen und Schwierigkeiten eines Robotereinsatzes in Bezug auf technische Machbarkeit, gewünschte Funktionen, und ethischen Überlegungen aufgezeigt. Es wird klar, dass das Thema interdisziplinär angegangen werden muss, um gemeinsam die beste Lösung für Nutzergruppen und Gesellschaft zu erlangen. Neben finanziellen Überlegungen und einer systematischen Analyse des Mehrwerts ist der frühe Einbezug aller Endnutzenden notwendig. So kann die Akzeptanz einzelner Roboteranwendungen sichergestellt, Verbesserungspotential früh erkannt und Roboter erfolgreich eingesetzt werden.
A C. elegans Zona Pellucida domain protein functions via its ZPc domain
Authors: Cohen Jennifer D. , Bermudez Jessica G. , Good Matthew C. , Sundaram Meera V.
Published: November 2020

Zona Pellucida domain (ZP) proteins are critical components of the body’s external-most protective layers, apical extracellular matrices (aECMs). Although their loss or dysfunction is associated with many diseases, it remains unclear how ZP proteins assemble in aECMs. Current models suggest that ZP proteins polymerize via their ZPn subdomains, while ZPc subdomains modulate ZPn behavior. Using the model organismC.elegans, we investigated the aECM assembly of one ZP protein, LET-653, which shapes several tubes. Contrary to prevailing models, we find that LET-653 localizes and functions via its ZPc domain. Furthermore, we show that ZPc domain function requires cleavage at the LET-653 C-terminus, likely in part to relieve inhibition of the ZPc by the ZPn domain, but also to promote some other aspect of ZPc domain function.In vitro, the ZPc, but not ZPn, domain bound crystalline aggregates. These data offer a new model for ZP function whereby the ZPc domain is primarily responsible for matrix incorporation and tissue shaping.
Storia di un’esesgesi: Nota a Plu., Ser. Num. 548B7-C4
Authors: Amendola Stefano
Published: November 2020

Starting from Humanism this paper retraces the exegetical history of ser. num. 548B7-C4 and examines the semantic problems of the text. The main issue is the meaning of the verb  μύνασθαι, whose semantic value is determined by the anecdote, just-mentioned by Timon, about the Spartan king Brasidas.
Usages narratifs des clausules métriques et des égalités syllabiques dans l’Eroticos de Plutarque
Authors: Biraud Michèle
Published: November 2020

Some important pages in the stories of Eroticos are remarkable by the echoes which clausulae weave from a colon to another one; some recurrences of rhythmic sequences are also made more striking by means of the isosyllaby of cola. Mostly these echoes allow Plutarch to underline the periodical organization of his stories and their articulations, but a few rhythms are also ironic allusions to hymns or songs.
Sobre la Riqueza de Publícola
Authors: Mauri Juan Manuel Cervantes
Published: November 2020

In the Life of Publicola Plutarch rejects poverty and self-sufficiency attributted to the hero by the sources offering instead a rich Statesman picture characterized by generosity and humanity on behalf of the needy ones. In this paper I try to prove that the authentic virtues which Plutarch wants to underline in connection with the Publicola’s use of whealth are his generosity and his humanity. The hero uses these virtues as an instrument to favour the people and to make effective his voluntary political commitment with the Roman republic.
Plutarch’s Animal and Vegetarian Treatises and the Concept of Maghata in Sinhalese Culture
Authors: Gamlath Isha
Published: November 2020

Plutarch’s concern for animal life, in treatises devoted to the significance and preservation of animal life in the Moralia, expand upon his appreciation of simplicity in human life, specifically in the form of abstention from the unnecessary slaughter of animals and the consumption of their meat. The present paper studies a similarity between Plutarch’s concern for simplicity in human life by the rejection of the slaughter of animals and indulgence in a meat diet, and its appearance in Sinhalese literature. The Pali meaning of maghata is not to kill. Maghata, as part of a broader project for introducing Buddhism into Sinhalese culture, assumes the specific form of concern for animal life. Maghata was introduced into Sri Lanka by approximately the first century CE in the form of a ceremonial ban on the slaughter of animals and in the abstention from meat on special observance days (upavasa maghata) as well as the sympathetic treatment of animals by providing them food, drink, medicine, and security. The theme became explicit in the context of thaumaturgy. Plutarch’s concern for animal life, in treatises devoted to the significance and preservation of animal life in the Moralia, expands upon his appreciation of simplicity in human life, specifically in the form of avoiding the unnecessary slaughter of animals and the consumption of their meat. The present paper studies a similarity between Plutarch’s concern for simplicity in human life by the rejection of slaughter of animals and indulgence in a meat diet, and that of Sinhalese literature.
Plutarch in Fifth-century Athens
Authors: Podlecki Anthony
Published: November 2020

This article explores Plutarch’s contribution to our knowledge of fifth-century Athens through an examination of his biographies of Kimon, Themistokles, Perikles, Aristeides, Nikias, and Alkibiades. The article assesses the information that Plutarch conveys and, in addition, sets his work into its broader historical context through comparison with other ancient sources, and in particular with the history of Thoukydides.
‘How much can one argue within a couple of seconds?’: an interview with Roberto Simanoswki
Authors: Marques Ana , Portela Manuel
Published: November 2020

Focusing mostly on Roberto Simanowski's recent work, this interview addresses ethical and political dilemmas posed by forms of digital automation and control.
Teaching electronic literature using electronic literature
Authors: Rettberg Scott
Published: November 2020

This article contains the transcript of the closing keynote lecture of the international conference "Teaching Digital Literature", given on July 26, 2019. Scott Rettberg provides an overview of his latest book, Electronic Literature (2018), and describes his experiences teaching electronic literature in various programmes. In the final section, the text discusses how electronic literature can be taught in different contexts, including Literary Studies, Creative Writing, as a critical approach to Digital Culture, and as a Digital Humanities discipline.
The ethical-political potentiality of the educational present: aristocratic principle versus democratic principle
Authors: Säfström Carl Anders
Published: November 2020

This paper will explore a Sophist tradition of educational thought, which is concerned with the world and not a sphere of ideas as distinct from the world, and to suggest some central distinctions and concepts following from such tradition today. The distinctions which are discussed are between; upbringing, schooling and education; aristocratic versus democratic principle of education; aristocratic versus democratic conception of nature; and, culture as static versus culture as praxis. Equality is highlighted in the paper as a central concept for democracy as well as education and are discussed through Jacques Rancière. The distinctions established will also make clear what is at stake if we consider educational thought as conditional for democracy and a liveable life for anyone. The contrast between the aristocratic principle and the democratic principle for education will centre on conceptions of violence and nonviolence, in accordance with Judith Butler and Franco “Bifo” Berardi’s analyses. In a final paragraph the paper discusses how equality play out in relation to teaching, and the discussion is extended by exploring Judith Butler’s conception of ‘grievability’. The paper concludes by suggesting that education is the ethical-political potentiality of a new beginning within the present order of things, and therefore the very praxis of change of this order, and therefore what makes paideia possible in the first place.
El valor de la experiencia del alumno como contenido educativo
Authors: Ortega Ruíz Pedro , Romero Sánchez Eduardo
Published: November 2020

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la importancia de la experiencia del alumno en su proceso educativo, y se inspira en la antropología y la ética de Levinas. Parte del concepto del ser humano como ser histórico, vulnerable, situado en una circunstancia, y de la ética como una respuesta compasiva al otro en su situación de vulnerabilidad y necesidad. La pedagogía cognitiva, al prescindir de la experiencia, se ha visto obligada a utilizar el juicio moral como estrategia adecuada y única para promover y facilitar la conducta moral, según la ética kantiana. Una concepción del hombre sesgada, mutilada no puede dar cuenta de cómo responde a la demanda del otro en su situación concreta. La educación se concibe como acompañamiento, acogida y respuesta compasiva al otro, como un nuevo nacimiento y el comienzo de algo nuevo. Se propone “otro modo” de educar que tenga a la experiencia como núcleo de la acción educativa. Este modelo de educación se traduce en: a) abandono de la filosofía idealista; b) compromiso político y social; c) presencia de la experiencia en el proceso educativo; d) presencia de la ética compasiva como su eje vertebrador; e) un nuevo discurso y un nuevo lenguaje; f) el testimonio del profesor como referente de la experiencia de los valores éticos; y g) la narración como instrumento privilegiado para la acción educativa. Se reivindica otra fuente de pensamiento que dé cuenta del ser humano en su totalidad: ser dotado de razón y también de sentimientos, superando, de este modo, la concepción dualista de la filosofía cartesiana.
The Geographic, Environmental and Phylogenetic Evolution of the Alveolinoidea from the Cretaceous to the Present Day.
Authors: Boudagher-Fadel Marcelle , Price Geoffrey David
Published: November 2020

The superfamily Alveolinoidea is a member of the Order Miliolida, and is comprised of three main families, the Alveolinidae, the Fabulariidae and the Rhapydioninidae. They are examples of Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF), which are single cell organisms with specific characteristic endoskeletons. Alveolinoids are found globally from the Cretaceous to present day and are very important biostratigraphic index fossils in shallow-marine carbonates. They are often associated with significant hydrocarbon reservoirs, and exhibit provincialism with characteristic genera often confined to one of the American, Tethyan or Indo-Pacific provinces. Previously, the systematic study of the global interrelationship between the various alveolinoid lineages has not been possible because of the absence of biostratigraphic correlation between the geographically scattered assemblages, and the scarcity of described material from the Indo-Pacific province. Here we use the literature and new material from the Americas, the French Alps, Iran, Tibet, India and SE Asia, coupled with the use the planktonic foraminiferal zonal (PZ) correlation scheme to put forward, for the very first time, a comprehensive, global, systematic analysis of the biostratigraphic, phylogenetic and palaeogeographic evolution of the alveolinoids. The alveolinoids originated in the Cretaceous in the Tethyan province. During a global sea-level low-stand, a westward migration of some alveolinoids species to the Americas occurred in this period, a behaviour also seen in previous studies of contemporaneous orbitolinid LBF. After the K-P event, which saw the extinction of all Cretaceous alveolinoids, rare new forms of alveolinoids evolved again, first in the Americas and later independently in Tethys. As found in previous studies of rotalid LBF, sea-level low-stands in the Paleocene also allowed some alveolinoid forms to migrate, but this time in an eastward direction from the Americas to Tethys, and from Tethys on to the Indo-Pacific. Alveolinoids still exist today (
Borelis and
Alveolinella), the former of which is cosmopolitan, while the latter is restricted to the Indo-Pacific province. Throughout their phylogenetic history alveolinoids characteristically exhibit convergent evolution, with the repeated re-occurrence of certain morphological features. Understanding this propensity to homoplasy is essential in understanding and constructing the phylogenetic relationships within the alveolinoid superfamily.
Evaluating the effect of differentiated inquiry-based science lesson modules on gifted students' scientific process skills
Authors: Ülger Bestami Buğra , Çepni Salih
Published: November 2020

The concept of “Global citizenship”, which has become more and more important, based on the students' multi-focused individual development, has brought to the fore based on 21st century skills and has required appropriate educational environments for gifted students. In this context, the development of differentiated inquiry-based science lesson modules for gifted students will fill the current gap as it is important for the literature. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of differentiated inquiry-based science lesson modules for gifted students on the students' scientific process skills (SPS). As a method, the nature of the study was directed us to mixed nested patterns and developed three modules that applied to 16 gifted students in Science and Art Centers. In the evaluation process, we used “Diet Cola SPS test” as quantitative data source for pre and posttests. Also, we used observations in the implementation process and SPS activity reports filled out by students as qualitative data sources. As a result of data analysis, we found that SPS improved significantly (t (14) = -5.06, p <.05). Accordingly, we have seen that this development in students is in basic and causal SPS, there is less development in experimental processes. We concluded that the gifted students needed more in depth and challenging activities in longer periods using modules like given in this study.
Within these hyperporous walls: An examination of a rebundled online learning model of higher education
Authors: Shaw Paula , Green Pauline , Gration Marlies , Rhodes Christine , Sheffield David , Stone Julie
Published: November 2020

Through this paper, we explore unbundling, the separation of various aspects of education, resources, teaching and assessment (Ossiannilsson et al., 2015) and rebundling, where these activities are “recombined into new configurations with little loss of functionality” (Ge et al., 2004, p. 1). We chart the evolution of online learning at the University of Derby, from a small-scale learning and certification bundle to a rebundled online university experience. In this rebundled model, a bespoke department is responsible for the operationalisation and quality of the university’s online experience. Firstly, we established the quality impact of this model, using higher education institution (HEI) value drivers. Secondly, focus groups explored macro (national), meso (institutional) and micro (practice) issues from strategic manager, academic and student experience perspectives. To facilitate discussion about the online university experience, we used a new conceptual pedagogic realignment with organisational priorities and horizon emergent technologies (PROPHET) framework. Based on our findings, we make recommendations to HEIs that are considering rebundling online learning. These include the equitable data capture and analysis of online student demographics; consideration of academic well-being and training; and the university-wide benefits obtained from knowledge exchange with online professionals, in relation to future-focused technologies and policymaking.

Implications for practice or policy:

HEIs should be equitable in their data capture and analysis processes, incorporating all online student and learner demographics.

HEIs should seek out and utilise the expertise of online professionals in institutional policymaking.

HEIs should refocus academic workload planning and training to include online learning.

HEIs should engage in evidence-based knowledge exchange with online professionals to ensure a future-focused cohesive university experience.
MOOCs, learning designers and the unbundling of educator roles in higher education
Authors: White Steven , White Su , Borthwick Kate
Published: November 2020

In university educational technology projects, collaborations with external partners pose a range of opportunities and challenges. Educational projects are often associated with unbundling of conventional higher education roles though there is limited empirical work in this area. This is particularly the case with massive open online courses (MOOCs), where further research is needed into the production of courses and the roles of those who produce them. This study investigated the extent to which conventional roles of academics are unbundled during MOOC production partnerships between universities and an external MOOC platform provider. The findings indicate that aspects of conventional educator roles are substantially unbundled to learning designers and other seemingly peripheral actors. Unbundling is partially driven by pragmatic decisions shaping course production processes which need to accommodate the massive and open properties of MOOCs, the nature of cooperation agreements with external platform providers and the reputational risk associated with such public ventures. This study adds to empirical knowledge on the unbundling of roles in online learning projects, and the findings have relevance for those involved in decision-making, planning and development of such projects in higher education.

Implications for practice or policy:

Managers of online learning projects could use these insights to inform recruitment or training of learning designers (e.g., instructional designers, educational designers).

Managers of online learning projects could use these insights to inform planning and decision making for projects involving external partners and collaborations.

Learning designers could use these insights to help plan for online learning projects which involve open content, massive numbers of participants, high-profile collaborations.
Badge of honour? An exploration of the use of digital badges to support a partnership approach to faculty development
Authors: Risquez Angelica , Cassidy Dara , O'Suilleabhain Gearoid
Published: November 2020

This article describes a professional development initiative facilitated through a transformational partnership model. In this context, we discuss our experience of piloting an online continuing professional development course in the area of online teaching, which offered a digital badge for successful participants. The course was the result of a partnership between three Irish higher education institutions and a national agency that had initiated a nation-wide scheme to create and disseminate a range of open access collaborative professional development courses to promote the professionalisation of teaching and learning, with a specific digital badge being available for each course. We investigated the interplay between the digital badge issued for the course we piloted, and other potential intrinsic and extrinsic motivators. Digital badges appear to be a weak motivating factor in initial enrolment and engagement, although for some participants, they did motivate continued engagement and completion. We discuss implications in relation to internal and external drivers and motivations around professional development. We also offer reflections on the larger context in which badges might be used or valued by course participants in their professional environments.

Implications for practice or policy:

For digital badges to motivate learning, educational developers and institutions need to associate them with intrinsically meaningful rewards.

Partnership between higher education institutes and non-accrediting bodies can drive the development and wider acceptance and use of digital badges as a tangible and agreed currency of learner and learning achievement.

Learners benefit most from digital badges when they are linked to and facilitate the development of personal identities associated with disciplinary and professional communities.
Tranzycja uczniów z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną z edukacji na rynek pracy - perspektywa rodzica
Authors: Otrębski Wojciech , Mariańczyk Katarzyna
Published: November 2020

The interactive model of vocational rehabilitation includes two key components: the rehabilitated individual and the vocational rehabilitation environment. The interaction of these two elements should contribute to the improvement of vocational competencies of people with disabilities[1]. Due to the fact that parents are considered as the second main contributors (just after teaching staff) of vocational training as well as life and vocational orientation of children and teenagers[2], the family environment can be treated as a significant part of the vocational rehabilitation of people with intellectual disability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to discover how parents of individuals with intellectual disability participate, if they do, in vocational training of their children. 

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among parents of special vocational schools graduates using the survey ASZ-S-R by W. Otrębski and K. Mariańczyk. The results are based on the answers of 71 parents/guardians of graduates of special vocational schools located in South-East part of Poland.

Results: Nearly 88% of respondents declared that they supported the vocational preparation of their children by holding talks about various vocational activities. Circa 40% of them also provided help to their children with disabilities to find employment (e.g. by searching for job advertisements); nevertheless, over a quarter do not engage in such an activity at all. Active participation of parents of graduates with intellectual disability is necessary to prepare their children to undertake vocational activities.

 

[1] W. Otrębski, Interakcyjny model rehabilitacji osób z upośledzeniem umysłowym, Wydawnictwo KUL, Lublin, 2007, s. 56.

[2] J. Stankaitytė, N. Janonytė, J. Muriniene, A. Paszkowska-Rogacz, Etapy rozwoju dziecka i wyboru kariery zawodowej, [w:] Moje dziecko wybiera karierę zawodową, red. A. Paszkowska-Rogacz, Społeczna Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości, Łódź, 2008, s. 19-33.
Cyberprzemoc a kreowanie własnego wizerunku w internecie - co w ich mechanizmach zmienia niepełnosprawność młodych dorosłych osób?
Authors: Plichta Piotr , Barlińska Julia , Pyżalski Jacek
Published: November 2020

Today's media have an important impact on young peoples’ social life - transforming many social and developmental aspects. Online activity of young adults not only increases the availability to positive and educational experiences, but also arises the exposure to online threats. The main scope of this article is exploring the role of appearance and social practices concerning its creation in the process of peer cyberbullying among Polish young adults (N=329). Online body autopresentation has been found an important factor moderating the process of online aggression. The dissemination of beliefs was also examined – assessment of own attractiveness, the apprehension of the appearance assessment by others and the scale of activities focused on editing and improving the appearance depicted in the pictures posted on social websites. The differences in these areas were examined between people with disabilities or those who have injuries or specific health conditions that affect their appearance and other young people.The results have revealed that particular research and intervention focus should be put on young people having a condition or injury affecting appearance and/or having a disability or serious health problems as this group has been found more prone to be victimized (regarding traditional bullying as well as cyberbullying).
„Dziecko z dzieckiem z domu dziecka” - stygmatyzacja i autostygmatyzacja a szanse życiowe małoletnich matek, byłych wychowanek placówek opiekuńczo-wychowawczych
Authors: Skowrońska-Pućka Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

This article is theoretical and empirical in character, presents fragments of authoritative quality ver- sions devoted to issues of teenage motherhood implemented by caregivers. The issues involved are stigmatization and autostigmatization of girls who became mothers before the age of eighteen, and additionally with their children in care and education facilities. Stigmatization practices were presented in the context of the chances and fate of former pastors of care and educational institutions that were mothers of teenage mothers.
Funkcjonowanie wzrokowe osoby z progresywną słabowzrocznością – studium indywidualnego przypadku
Authors: Czerwińska Kornelia
Published: November 2020

The aim of the article is to present the subjective perspective of a person with congenital low vision who experienced gradual vision deterioration up to total loss. The case study method was used, in which the narrative biographic interview was the main technique of collecting data. In the analysed narratives, certain milestones were identified in the process of coping with the consequences of progressive impairment. Those were the situations when the subject was no longer able to perform a specific task, which she had earlier performed under visual control. They made the subject realise the progressive nature of the disease and inevitably confronted her with the acquisition of permanent severe impairment. Those situations caused temporary disruption of her psychological balance and increased her demand for emotional support. With time, however, they also motivated the subject to use previously rejected rehabilitation devices and techniques. Lack of knowledge of functional implications of eye conditions (including reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity, field defects, light/dark adaptation problems, etc.) among family members and other people hindered the process of providing optimal instrumental support to the subject.
Parental involvement in school-ways of communications between teachers and parents
Authors: Biber Zohar
Published: November 2020

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Punkt Informacyjno-Koordynacyjny dla Osób Niepełnosprawnością (PIKON) jako wsparcie informacyjne na rzecz poprawy jakości życia osób z niepełnosprawnościami i ich rodzin
Authors: Serafin Teresa
Published: November 2020

This article presents, undertaken by social organizations and the office of the Capital City of Warsaw, initiatives aimed at developing a model of cooperation between institutions performing tasks in the field of various areas of social policy. These initiatives concern, inter alia, continuing the activities of the education system in the field of equalizing the chances of students with disabilities by institutions performing tasks in the field of various areas of social policy, including those supporting professional and personal functioning of adults. One of the directions of this objective is the creation of an information and coordination point to support adults with disabilities in solving their problems, eg by providing information on possible participation in social rehabilitation and / or employment in an open, supported or protected labor market.