bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Hydro-Climatically Varying Years on Ice Growth and Decay in a Subarctic River
Authors: Lotsari Eliisa , Lind Lovisa , Kämäri Maria
Published: October 2019

Predicting the future changes in river ice development and impacts on seasonal sediment transport requires more in-depth examination of present river ice cover growth processes. This paper therefore investigates: (1) the impacts of hydro-climatically varying years on river ice development in a Scandinavian subarctic meandering river and (2) the accuracy of existing analytical models for predicting ice thickness growth and ice decay. Stefan’s ice growth equation (version by Michel et al.) and Bilello’s ice decay equation are applied to varying hydro-climatic conditions experienced in the years 2013–2019. Estimates from these equations are compared with observed field conditions such as ice thicknesses, ice clearance dates and freeze-thaw days. Overall, the equations were most accurate in the winter of 2016–2017 when the maximum mid-winter snow thickness value was high, the number of freeze-thaw days was the closest to the long-term average of northern Scandinavia, and the rate of thermal snow-melt in the subsequent spring was slow. The equations would need to be adjusted to take into account expected future changes to conditions such as shorter winters, less snow formation and increased frequency of air temperatures crossing 0 °C.
EKSISTENSI DEWAN KEHORMATAN PENYELENGGARA PEMILU (DKPP) DALAM PENEGAKAN ETIKA PENYELENGGARA PEMILU
Authors: Nurdin Maharani
Published: October 2019

Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu (DKPP) di bentuk berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2011 Pasal 109 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pemilu. Suatu lembaga yang di khususkan untuk mengimbangi dan mengawasi (chek and Balances) kinerja dari KPU dan Bawaslu.Usia DKPP yang masih terbilang baru, menjadikan instansi ini belum banyak di kenal oleh masyarakat. Secara Internal, Instansi ini sangat terbatas, karena hanya ada satu di Jakarta. Sementara tugasnya adalah bersifat Nasional. Untuk itu kita perlu mengenal lebih dekat mengenai DKPP, termasuk dalam kedudukan maupun kewenangannya.Dalam tulisan ini peneliti merumuskan masalah (1) Bagaimana kedudukan Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu (DKPP) dalam Penyelenggaraan pemilu? (2) Bagaimana Kewenangan Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu (DKPP) terhadap penyelesaian pelanggaran  kode etika oleh penyelenggara pemilu? (3) Bagaimana Implikasi Putusan MK 31/PUU-XI/2013 Terhadap Kewenangan Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu (DKPP)?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Dari Hasil Penelitian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa DKPP mempunyai kedudukan yang sejajar dengan KPU dan Bawaslu, sehingga baik KPU, Bawaslu dan DKPP merupakan lembaga penyelenggara pemilu sebagaimana diamanatkan Pasal 22 E Ayat (5) UUD 1945. Wewenang DKPP adalah, memanggil penyelenggara pemilu yang diduga melakukan pelanggaran kode etik untuk memberikan penjelasan dan pembelaan; memanggil pelapor, saksi, dan/atau pihak-pihak lain yang terkait untuk dimintai keterangan, termasuk untuk dimintai dokumen atau bukti lain; dan Memberikan sanksi kepada penyelenggara pemilu yang terbukti melanggar kode etik. Putusan DKPP mempunyai sifat final dan mengikat, sehingga tidak memungkinkan upaya lebih lanjut untuk mengajukan keberatan atau banding. Dengan Putusan DKPP yang bersifat final dan mengikat menimbulkan efek psikologis di jajaran KPU serta Bawaslu berupa ketaktan akan sanksi pemecatan  atau pemberhentian sementara dan berpotensi menimbulkan polemic hukum yang berkepanjangan
HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Yulianto Rohmad Adi
Published: October 2019

Tulisan ini merupakan rangkaian dari tema kajian tentang pemikiran kontemporer dalam kajian keislaman, dimana pada bagian ini merupakan penggalan yang membahas tentang Islam dan permasalahan Hak Asasi Manusia, khususnya mengenai pemikiran seorang pemikir, akademisi, dan praktisi hukum asal Sudan, Abdullahi Ahmad An-Naim sebagai perpanjangan dari ide-ide yang dilahirkan oleh gurunya, Mahmoud Mohammed Thaha dalam The Second Message of Islam untuk merespon masalah  HAM. Berangkat dari responnya terhadap persoalan HAM di Sudan, pemikiran An-Naim justeru dapat dianggap sebagai formula baru dalam usaha menyelesaikan masalah-masalah Hukum Islam kekinian, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan Hukum Publik. Islam secara umum tidak membuat perbedaan antara ranah Hukum Publik dan Hukum privat, tetapi pendidikan An-Naim yang berlatar belakang hukum Anglo- Common Law- memetakan responnya terhadap masalah hukum ke dalam kategori antara ranah publik dan ranah privat, masalah HAM termasuk kategori ranah publik
TOOTH WEAR AND RELATED FACTORS IN PEOPLE OVER 18 YEARS OLD EXAMINED AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
Authors: Tran Tan Tai , Nguyen Ho Lan Huong
Published: October 2019

Background: Tooth wear leads to many bad consequences such as causing tooth sensitivity, affecting the vitality of the pulp, increasing the risk of tooth decay,… thus reducing the quality of life of the patient. The aims of this study were to investigate prevalence, degree of tooth wear according to Tooth Wear Index (TWI), and to determine related factors to tooth wear.

Material and Methods: 298 patients over 18 years old had been examined at Hue Univesity of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from November 2016 to April 2017. All of them had stable overall and mental health and there were at least 20 teeth in the mouth. Tooth wear status and degree of tooth wear are evaluated according to TWI. Identifying related factors to tooth wear.

Results: Prevalence of tooth wear was 67.1%, the mean tooth wear index was 0.34 ± 0.32. On average, each object had 12.11 worn sufaces. There was a relationship between tooth wear with age (p<0.05), male (p<0.05), improper brushing (p<0.05), using hard toothbrush (p<0.001), alcohol consumption (p<0.05), grinding habit (p<0.001).

Conclusions: The prevalance of tooth wear is still quite high. We need to identify related factors for the consultation and prevention of tooth wear.

Key words: Tooth wear, related factors
Quantitative studies on chhana (soft cheese) prepared from cow and buffalo milk
Authors: Menghwar D.R , Bhutto S.A , Ahmed T.
Published: October 2019

Quantitative studies on chhana (soft cheese) were carried out to evaluate the chemical characteristics by using two milk sources and three coagulants in the department of Animal Product Technology Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan. Chhana was prepared from cow and buffalo milk coagulated with acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% concentration level. Chhana prepared with citric acid indicated remarkable variation (P< 0.05) among the ash content of cow milk chhana and buffalo milk chhana. On the basis of present finding it was concluded that Moisture content, protein content, fat content and yield of chhana in buffalo milk chhana coagulated with acetic acid, citric acid and lactic acid was comparatively higher as compared with cow milk chhana. In this study, buffalo milk chhana was found better in all aspects compared to that of cow milk.
Construction of LC-MS maps of root exudates in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
seedlings
Authors: Ulhas Rathod Balaji , Channarayappa
Published: October 2019

Root exudates composition and pattern of biochemical expression is
genotype specific and highly influenced by both by abiotic and biotic
factors. During this investigation, various attempts made to standardize the
techniques to construct LC-MS maps using cotton as a plant system.
Construction of root exudates maps by LC-MS analysis found as very unique
and having high utility in genotype identification through genotypic maps,
detecting the presence/absence of specific chemicals of interest, and for
rhizosphere engineering. As expected each sample (root exudates of a
particular genotype) produced very distinct peaks-spectra. Each peak in the
peak-spectral map (Y-axis) provides very useful information, the peak
intensity (peak height), which represents the percent of each
chemical/analyte present in the sample. The total number of peaks in each
spectrum indicates the number of biochemicals present in that sample. The
root exudates samples were probed in both positive and negative LC-MS
mode, since some acidic compounds could not be detected in positive
mode. The peaks displayed in the negative mode spectra maps indicates
most of them are belong to the compounds in acidic groups. This distinction
also provides additional chemical diversity and chemical specificity to
include in the genotypic maps. By this way, the diversity present in all these
parameters for each cotton genotype was included and the information
presented was used to establish a very high-resolution maps. These peak
spectral maps directly depend on the biochemicals produced by a specific
genotype and genetically controlled; therefore, they can be called as
genotypic maps or root exudates maps.

Keywords: Root Exudates, Silica sand, Liquid Chromatography mass
spectroscopy (LC-MS)
Environmental Conditions of the Berettyóújfalu Sub-Region
Authors: Tikász Edit Ildikó
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the environmental conditions of the Berettyóújfalu sub-region, which is geographically located in Hajdú-Bihar County. I specifically target the regions’ relief, soil and hydrogeological conditions, climate, flora and fauna, natural value and present nature conservation activities.On the basis of my investigation of these points, I can state that although this sub-region has unfavorable soil conditions, polluted surface and subsurface waters, it is rich in thermal waters, nature reservations and wildlife. It’s disadvantageous characteristics can or should be amended, while the advantageous ones should be utilized by considering the principles of sustainability. At the end of this paper, I will make recommendations in connection with the latter point.
'I knew him in Padua’: London theatre and early modern constructions of erudition.
Authors: Carroll William C.
Published: October 2019

This paper examines one aspect of the two-way cultural traffic between London and Padua: how the city of Padua figured in debates about the nature of masculinity in early modern London, especially its theatres. Invariably known primarily for its university—noted by Coryat and Moryson, a tourist attraction for Chaucer, Sidney, and Milton—the name “Padua” became synonymous with “erudition.” While learnedness was in theory a positive quality, the place of learnedness in a declining honor culture and its complex role in constituting masculinity remained a contentious subject. English writers by turns envied or scorned the learning acquired in Italy, and invocations of Padua and its link to rapier fencing resulted in a series of contradictory figures in the drama of Shakespeare and Webster: doctors, pedants, enlightened philosophers, lovers, murderers for hire.
MODEL OF SOCIAL POTENTIAL OF CHILDHOOD IN THE RUSSIAN REGIONS: THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Filipova A.G. , Vysotskaya A.V.
Published: October 2019

The article presents the results of mathematical experiments with the system «Social potential of childhood in the Russian regions». In the structure of system divided into three subsystems – the «Reproduction of children in the region», «Children’s health» and «Education of children», for each defined its target factor (output parameter). The groups of infrastructure factors (education, health, culture and sport, transport), socio-economic, territorial-settlement, demographic and en-vironmental factors are designated as the factors that control the system (input parameters). The aim of the study is to build a model îf «Social potential of childhood in the Russian regions», as well as to conduct experiments to find the optimal ratio of the values of target and control factors. Three waves of experiments were conducted. The first wave is related to the analysis of the dynam-ics of indicators for 6 years. The second – with the selection of optimal values of control factors at fixed ideal values of target factors. The third wave allowed us to calculate the values of the target factors based on the selected optimal values of the control factors of the previous wave.
EDUCATIONAL-TRAINING FACILITIES OF GROUND US FORCES
Authors: Izyumov D.B. , Kondratyuk E.L.
Published: October 2019

The article discusses issues related to the development and use of training means and facilities in order to improve the level of training of US Army personnel. An overview of the main simulators used in the US Armed Forces at present is given, and the prospects for the development of the United States in this area are presented.
SIMULATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION OF RUSSIA
Authors: Babintsev V.P. , Serkina Ya.I.
Published: October 2019

The article describes the characteristics of simulation practices in modern society, the causes of the emergence and spread of imitations in the education system. The authors identified and classified into five groups the indicators of distribution of simulation practices in higher education. Groups of indicators include the interpretation of the results of sociological studies of the spread of imitations in higher education institutions of different years, contain conclusions and assumptions about the causes and consequences of the occurrence of imitations. The results of the expert survey on the impact of simulation practices on the development of the communication environment in the educational space and the problems arising during this process are presented. Among the problems the article highlighted the tension in relations not only vertically but also horizontally, which ultimately has a negative impact on the formation of the corporate educational environment.
«SOFT POWER» IN ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE STATE
Authors: Chaevich A.V.
Published: October 2019

The article reveals the essential and meaningful signs of «soft power»; analyzes the problem of the relationship between «soft power» and «hard power» in ensuring the security of the state; discusses the main directions of implementation of «soft power» in the conditions of modern geopolitical confrontation; the features of its influence on the national security of modern Russia are also revealed.
LAND WARS OF THE FUTURE: EXPERIENCE OF FUTUROLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Burenok V.M. , Durnev R.A. , Kryukov K.Yu.
Published: October 2019

The results of the futurological analysis of future land wars are presented. It has been determined that at the strategic level, cyber wars will be waged, as well as e-struggle for resource management. The operational-strategic level will be characterized by the use of long-range high-precision weapons systems for objects of the economy. The tactical level will be characterized by the massive use of autonomous lethal weapons systems, as well as individual military personnel with increased psychophysical capabilities.
NEUROGENIC DYSFUNCTIONS: ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Rusnak F.I.
Published: October 2019

This literature review is devoted to a common problem in children – neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The main types of neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD) in children (overactive bladder, underactive («lazy») bladder, stress incontinence, vesico-vaginal reflux and giggle incontenence) are presented. The importance of neurogenic bladder dysfunction as a predictor of chronic kidney disease is discussed. Emphasis is placed on diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NBD, including urotherapy and pharmacological treatment.
CRIME IN CYBERSPACE
Authors: Teivan-Treinovsky Ya.S. , Ignatov D.A.
Published: October 2019

According to Eurostat, in 2017, 85 % of households and 97 % of enterprises had access to the Internet in the European Union, while in 2010 only 70 % of households had access to the Internet in the European Union. It should be noted that this is a rather controversial achievement, given that a sufficiently large number of amateurs broke into cyberspace, often becoming victims of cybercrime and its «sponsors». The loss of the global economy from cybercrime in 2017 amounted to 600 billion dollars, which is a 25 % increase compared to 2014. Given the global nature of this trend, due to the lack of borders in cyberspace, society will soon face serious challenges in ensuring the information security of society and individuals. Solving this problem requires a deep analysis of the dynamics of crime in the information environment and the possibilities for effectively deterring its development.
GLOBAL WIND ENERGY WITHIN THE MEGAWATT RANGE
Authors: Antipov V.N. , Grozov A.D. , Ivanova A.V.
Published: October 2019

Despite of the political and economic problems wind power continues its steady development, the main directions of which are presented in the paper. New production facilities and materials are being created, which contributes to increased efficiency by enlarging the unit capacity of wind power plants (wind turbines) and reducing the unit cost of energy production. A promising large-scale direction of modern wind power is offshore wind power plants operating on the offshore shelf, for which the production of 6–8 MW wind generators is developed. Many offshore wind turbines manufacturers prefer a direct-drive permanent magnets synchronous generator, while they managed to achieve 25 kg/kN·m for the torque to the mass ratio and are searching how to reduce wind plants cost by various ways. The most significant achievements in the industrial wind turbines production and wind plants construction, as well as promising projects providing non-standard solutions, including those based on superconductivity, are presented.
INVENTORY ASSESSMENT METHODS IN TRADING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANIES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Sulistyawati Ardiani Ika , Santoso Aprih , Widowati Sri Yuni , Farikah Siti
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the variability of inventory, company size, intensity inventory, accounting earnings variability, variability in the cost of goods sold and the ownership structure of the inventory valuation method. The valuation method used is the First In First Out (FIFO) and average method. The object of this study is a trading and manufacturing company listed on the Stock Exchange from 2009-2014. There are 50 companies that meet the criteria, 10 companies using the FIFO method and 40 companies use the average method. Statistical analysis tools used in this study is a logistic regression with a significance level of 5%.

These results indicate the variability of inventory and company size significantly influence the selection method of inventory valuation. While the intensity of inventory, accounting earnings variability, variability in the cost of goods sold and the ownership structure does not significantly influence the selection method of inventory valuation.
DETERMINANTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH PERSONAL TAX OBLIGATION: DO TAX AMNESTY PLAY?
Authors: Gita Resshe Serlly , Hidayatulloh Amir
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyse the effect of tax services, tax amnesty, taxation knowledge, and tax sactions on taxpayer compliance. The population in the study is an individual taxpayer in the city of Yogyakarta. The sample in the study was an individual taxpayer in the city of Yogyakarta, and took part in the tax amnesty program. The sampling technique in this study used the convenience sampling method. Responden in the study amounted 60 respondents. The data anlysis technique in this study used multiple linear regression analysis. This study obtained result that taxpayer compliance in influenced by tax services and tax amnesty programs. However, taxation knowledge and tax saction does not affect taxpayer compliance. The cause of taxation knowledge does not affest taxpayer compliance, perhaps the understanding of taxpayers regarding the procedures for payment and reporting is still minimal. Meanwhile, the reason for lack of support fot tax sanction on taxpayer compliance, perhaps because taxpayers consider that saction given when taxpayer violate laws are still mild. Therefore, these two reasons are factors that encourage taxpayers to behave disobediently.
TAX COMPLIANCE: THEORIES, RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND TAX ENFORCEMENT MODELS
Authors: Misra Fauzan
Published: October 2019

Tax compliance is still a serious problem in various countries. This is indicated by the low level of tax compliance and tax ratio. This paper aims to discuss tax compliance from three main perspectives, namely theories about tax compliance, research variables derived from the theory put forward, and models of tax compliance enforcement. Broadly speaking, this theory is divided into two, namely the economic-deterrence model and the fiscal and social psychology model. For a discussion of the research variables that have been tested before, this article follows the classification proposed by Devos (2014). Devos divides these variables into three classifications, namely tax / moral ethics variables, equity and fairness variables and deterrence measures variables. This writing also discusses tax compliance as a behavioral phenomenon. Next, the models of tax law enforcement are explained as proposed by Alm and Torgler (2011) and several other proposed models. Alm and Torgler classified the models into three paradigms, that is, traditional deterrence paradigm, services paradigm, and trust paradigm. These models are proposed to build a mutually beneficial enforcement model for tax authorities and taxpayers.
TÜKETİCİLERİN ABARTILI REFERANS FİYATA YÖNELİK ALGILARININ MARKALI KOT PANTOLON SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞI AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇABUK Serap , ŞAHİN Ayşe , ATILGAN Kalender Özcan
Published: October 2019

Bu
çalışmada, markalı kot pantolon satın alan tüketicilerin üç farklı referans
fiyat durumu için (referans fiyat olmayan, makul referans fiyatlı ve abartılı
referans fiyatlı), referans fiyatlara yönelik inandırıcılık, işlem değeri,
algılanan kalite ve satın alma istekliliği değişkenleri açısından farklılıklar
incelenmiştir. Mersin il merkezinde kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle 515
katılımcıdan anket verileri elde edilmiştir.     Marka
aşinalığının kovaryans olarak ele alındığı çok değişkenli kovaryans analizi
(MANCOVA) ile üç farklı referans fiyat durumunu oluşturan gruplar arasındaki
farklılıklar test edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda, referans fiyatların
inandırıcılığının algılanması ve satın alma istekliliği bağlamında
farklılıkların olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜNÜN İŞLETME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ŞANAL Musa , ÖZTÜRK Murat
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, örgüt kültürünün üretim işletmelerinin performansına etkisini
araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmada örgüt kültürü ile işletme performansı arasındaki ilişki
araştırılırken, buna ilaveten örgüt kültürü alt boyutları belirlenerek bu alt
boyutlarla işletme performansı arasındaki ilişki de araştırılacaktır. Bu
sebeple Adana Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren üretim işletmeleri
üzerinde bir uygulama yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmada kullanılan veriler, anket
yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde, örgüt kültürünün ve
örgüt kültürünün sonuç ve destekleyicilik alt boyutu hariç, diğer alt
boyutlarının üretim işletmelerinin performansı üzerinde etkisi olduğu tespit
edilmiştir.
Peningkatan Literasi Saintifik melalui Pembelajaran Biologi Menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: October 2019

Pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa secara optimal harus dilakukan melalui langkah terstruktur dan terukur. Salah satu cara untuk menyusun pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan prinsip tersebut ialah menggunakan pendekatan saintifik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan peningkatan kompetensi literasi saintifik siswa setelah diterapkan pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran biologi topik plantae dan animalia di sekolah menengah. Metode penelitian yang dipilih ialah quasi-experimental dengan desain time series. Sampel sebanyak 120 siswa dari sekolah menengah di Kabupaten Kudus diambil menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Desain penelitian berupa 16 kali pengamatan, yakni 8 kali sebelum diberikan tindakan berupa hasil pretest dan 8 kali setelah diberikan tindakan berupa hasil posttest serta tindakan berupa penerapan pendekatan saintifik ke dalam pembelajaran. Instrumen yang dipakai berupa tes tipe uraian topik plantae dan animalia yang disusun berdasarkan indikator kompetensi literasi saintifik PISA. Hasil yang diperoleh ialah peningkatan kompetensi literasi di kategori sedang dengan nilai sebesar 0,663. Melalui penelitian ini terungkap bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan saintifik memungkinkan untuk dipakai melatih literasi saintifik siswa.
ASAS-ASAS PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DALAM PENYUSUNAN RANCANGAN PERATURAN DAERAH
Authors: Inggit AR Andi Bau
Published: October 2019

Negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum. Sebagai negara hukum, segala aspek kehidupan dalam bidang kemasyarakatan, kebangsaan, dan kenegaraan termasuk pemerintahan harus berdasarkan atas hukum yang sesuai dengan sistem hukum nasional. Tahapan perencanaan, penyusunan, pembahasan, pengesahan dan penetapan, serta pengundangan merupakan langkah-langkah yang pada dasarnya harus ditempuh dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Namun, tahapan tersebut tentu dilaksanakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan atau kondisi serta jenis dan hierarki Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Pembentukan suatu Peraturan Perundang-undangan mempunyai suatu filosofi, dan filosofi yang mendasari pembentukan rancangan peraturan perundang-undangan akan berimplikasi pada langkah-langkah yang ditempuh untuk menghasilkan suatu peraturan perundang-undangan yang akan berlaku. Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan perundang-undangan harus memperhatikan asas-asas hukum, adapun asas-asas hukum dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan adalah asas-asas yang mengandung nilai-nilai hukum. Adapun asas-asas pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan terdiri atas 2 (dua) yaitu Asas-asas pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang baik, dan asas-asas materi muatan peraturan perundang-undangan, kedua asas ini sangat urgen/penting untuk diterapkan, sebab prinsip/prinsip atau asas-asas ini merupakan landasan atau pijakan bagi lahirnya norma hukum. Norma hukum yang termuat dalam setiap peraturan daerah merupakan konkretisasi dari suatu asas, sehingga apabila dalam pembentukan suatu peraturan daerah tidak menerapkan kedua asas tersebut di atas, maka peraturan daerah tersebut akan menimbulkan masalah dan dapat berujung pada pembatalan dan pencabutan. Oleh karena itu, penerapan asas-asas pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan sangat urgen (penting) untuk lebih diperhatikan oleh para pembentuk peraturan perundang-undangan (peraturan daerah).
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN ATAS PELAYANAN PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM (PDAM)DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE
Authors: Unaola Sartika Mersy , Azis Yuldiana Zesa
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Atas Pelayanan Perusahan Air Minum Di Kabupaten Merauke serta untuk mengetahui Pelayanan PDAM Sudah Sesuai Dengan Undang- Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor PDAM PT WEDU Kabupaten Merauke. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian Empiris (Field Research) atau Penelitian Lapangan dengan fokus kajian pendekatan Yuridis Empiris yang meneliti hukum dari perspektif eksternal. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah Tugas dan Fungsi dari Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum PT Wedu Merauke yang merupakan Perusahaan Jasa Air Minum di Kabupaten Merauke. Kajian dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.Hasil penelitian penulis, terdapat permasalahan yang terjadi diantaranya adalah Perlindungan Konsumen adalah segala upaya yang menjamin adanya kepastian hukum untuk memberi perlindungan kepada konsumen. Pelanggan merasa dirugikan oleh PT Wedu atas Pelayanan yang diberikan PT Wedu, Diantaranya Air tidak mengalir, kebocoran bocor, meteran rusak.Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Wedu telah berupaya maksimal meningkatkan pelayanan dengan Bentuk- bentuk perlindungan yang dilakukan Namunpengakuan dari konsumen bahwa upaya yang dilakukan PT Wedu belum terealisasi sampai saat ini, sehingga belum sesuai dengan Undang- Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.
UÑAS AMARILLAS: MÁS ALLÁ DE LO VISIBLE
Authors: Nieto Zárate Jaime Andrés , Maldonado Arenas Sebastian , Árias Guzmán Jorge Andrés , Mantilla Barbarita
Published: October 2019

El síndrome de uñas amarillas (SUA) es una entidad caracterizada por pigmentación anormalmente amarillenta, verdosa o café de las uñas acompañado de linfedema de miembros inferiores y derrame pleural y/u otra sintomatología en relación al tracto respiratorio. La etiología y mecanismos fisiopatológicos hasta el momento no están bien dilucidados, sin embargo es aceptada una alteración anatómica o funcional en los vasos linfáticos adquirida congénitamente. La presentación clínica es más frecuente en individuos con edades entre 40 y 80 años. La falta de evidencia científica en torno a esta patología, dificulta sus direccionamientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos; los signos y síntomas que abarcan esta enfermedad son concretos, sin embargo tienen un espectro de presentación muy variado, por lo cual el diagnósticos es esencialmente clínico y el tratamiento sintomático. Hasta el momento algunas intervenciones han demostrado ser útiles en la resolución de algunos signos y síntomas, pero ninguna con el soporte científico ni epidemiológico que justifique su reproducción. Existen gran número de casos reportados a nivel mundial, no obstante son contados los documentados en america latina. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 90 años de edad quien consulta en multiples ocasiones al servicio de urgencias por dificultad para respirar, en quien como hallazgo incidental se documenta pigmentación amarilla e hiperqueratosis ungueal.
Hemosiderosis pulmonar idiopática en paciente adulto. Reporte de caso
Authors: Patiño-Giraldo Santiago , Moncada Diana Carolina , Ramirez Quintero Juan David
Published: October 2019

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 46 años de edad con cinco años de evolución de episodios intermitentes de hemoptisis cuyo diagnóstico final fue hemosiderosis pulmonar idiopática. Su presentación y características clínicas son comparadas con los otros casos reportados en la literatura.
Anabolizantes e pecuária de corte
Authors: Palermo Neto João
Published: October 2019

Apresenta-se uma análise crítica a respeito do uso de anabolizantes em pecuária de corte. São abordados os mecanismos de ação dos agentes androgênicos, estrogênicos e progestágenos naturais e sintéticos bem como os principais fatores que modificam seus efeitos. Analisam-se, ainda, aspectos de toxicidade dos resíduos destes agentes. Aborda-se, finalmente, a política e os conflitos no uso destes agentes no país.
Ultra-sonografia diagnóstica do sistema locomotor eqüino
Authors: Alves Ana Liz Garcia
Published: October 2019

Este artigo é uma descrição da utilização do ultrassom na avaliação das enfermidades locomotoras dos equinos que acometem os tendões, ligamentos, músculos, articulações e ossos. Ressalta-se a importância das informações morfológicas fornecidas pela ultrassonografia na realização do diagnóstico e prognóstico precisos das lesões. Destaca-se os aspectos necessários para uma correta utilização do equipamento, descrições das indicações clínicas e limites desta técnica. Relata-se a eficácia da ultrassonografia na avaliação de diferentes regimes terapêuticos, através da determinação da qualidade da reparação tecidual.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GLOMERULONEPHRITIS (MODERN CLASSIFICATION, DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS, INNOVATIVE METHODS OF DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2019

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SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DATA SURAT BERBASIS WEB PADA KANTOR DINAS PERTANIAN KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Rumaf Zulaifa , Djufri Ilham , Sabtu Junaidi
Published: October 2019

Dalam pengolahan data surat masuk dan keluar pada Dinas Pertanian Kota Ternate saat ini masih dilakukan dengan cara manual yaitu dicatat pada sebuah buku dan disimpan dalam bentuk hardcopy di dalam lemari arsip tanpa dikelompokan untuk setiap jenis surat. Dari proses pengolahan data surat yang seperti ini menimbulkan beberapa masalah diantaranya adalah dengan semakin banyaknya surat masuk dan surat keluar mengakibatkan terjadinya penumpukan catatan dan penumpukan arsip, Hal ini menyebabkan dibutuhkannya waktu lebih untuk mencari kembali surat yang sudah diarsipkan dan juga mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam proses pencarian data-data surat yang sudah lama.Tujuan merancang aplikasi ini agar memudahkan proses pengolahan data surat masuk dan surat keluar. Perancangan aplikasi  surat masuk dan surat keluar ini dibuat dengan menggunakan tools seperti PHPMyAdmin, MySQL sebagai database dan Xampp sebagai server offlinenya, dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam perancangan aplikasi ini memberikan banyak kemudahan dalam proses pengolahan data surat.
OSSEODENSIFICAÇÃO EM IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Rauber Silvana
Published: October 2019

Introdução: A atividade do implantodontista no âmbito de sua competência profissional evoluiu consideravelmente nas últimas décadas. A composição dos instrumentais cirúrgicos proporcionou um conforto maior no pós-procedimentos, as técnicas de colocação dos implantes melhoraram também, consequentemente o processo de osseointegração, bem como a recuperação do paciente pós-implantado. Objetivos: Analisar a eficiência da técnica de osseodensificação em implantes dentários, para isso fora necessário descrever a técnica proposta por Huwais, analisando também o efeito sobre a estabilidade do implante sob uma visão biomecânica e histologicamente, a fim de demonstrar como ocorre o processo de preparação óssea para implantes dentários em osseodensificação. Metodologia: Como metodologia adotou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, aonde fora realizada uma revisão sistemática a partir de busca em bases de dados indexadas MEDLINE, SCOPUS e SCIELO, utilizando artigos publicados no período compreendido entre 2013 e 2018. A estabilidade primária na colocação de implantes é uma das mais fatores críticos que determinam o resultado da terapia com implantes. Resultados: Muitos estudos apresentam que os fatores envolvidos, principalmente na melhoria do implante e estabilidade primaria são a densidade óssea, protocolo cirúrgico, tipo de rosca e geometria. Conclusão: A osseodensificação corresponde bem aos procedimentos iniciais quanto aos implantes dentários, apresentando assim resultados satisfatórios e mais eficazes do que qualquer outra técnica, além de otimizar o tempo de recuperação do paciente e a capacidade de osseintegração. Palavras Chave: Osseodensificação. Implantes dentários. Osseointegração.
IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS COM SUPERFÍCIE TRATADA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Guimarães Neto Ulisses , Bacelar Suzane
Published: October 2019

Introdução: Um dos principais fatores para o sucesso no tratamento com implantes dentários é a osseointegração. A resposta biológica está diretamente relacionada às propriedades físico-químicas das superfícies que são capazes de alterar a resposta das células dos tecidos adjacentes modificando a migração, inserção, proliferação e síntese de colágeno no local, determinando assim o tipo de tecido que será obtido na interface osso-implante e sua integração. Objetivos: Este estudo objetiva revisar os diferentes tipos de superfícies dos implantes dentários correlacionando-os com taxa de osseointegração, a composição química e a rugosidade da superfície de titânio. Metodologia: Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados, Lilacs, Medline, Science direct, Scielo e Pubmed, e em seguida foram selecionados artigos dos últimos 15 anos, nos idiomas inglês e português. Resultados: Em superfícies de implantes tratadas com plasma de titânio (TPS), jateadas com areia e tratadas com ácido (SLA) os resultados demonstraram que tanto a rugosidade como o tratamento químico das superfícies podem influenciar bastante a força superficial de cisalhamento (resistência oferecida à remoção). Conclusão: Diferentes superfícies de tratamento devem ser pesquisadas para a melhor indicação de determinado tratamento. Palavras Chave: titânio; implante dental; textura de superfície
Current understanding and biotechnological application of the bacterial diterpene synthase CotB2
Authors: Driller Ronja , Garbe Daniel , Mehlmer Norbert , Fuchs Monika , Raz Keren , Major Dan Thomas , Brück Thomas , Loll Bernhard
Published: October 2019

CotB2 catalyzes the first committed step in cyclooctatin biosynthesis of the soil bacterium Streptomyces melanosporofaciens. To date, CotB2 represents the best studied bacterial diterpene synthase. Its reaction mechanism has been addressed by isoptope labeling, targeted mutagenesis and theoretical computations in the gas phase, as well as full enzyme molecular dynamic simulations. By X-ray crystallography different snapshots of CotB2 from the open, inactive, to the closed, active conformation have been obtained in great detail, allowing us to draw detailed conclusions regarding the catalytic mechanism at the molecular level. Moreover, numerous alternative geranylgeranyl diphosphate cyclization products obtained by CotB2 mutagenesis have exciting applications for the sustainable production of high value bioactive substances.
OPTIMIZATION METHODS OF THE PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF BUDAPEST
Authors: Almassy Kornel , Pusztai Gábor , Gáspár László , Lógó János
Published: October 2019

A modern Pavement Management System (PMS) should be essential for maintenance a metropolitan urban road network. Municipality of Budapest has developed own management system for their road pavement operation. To an efficient outcome the newest methods are used for the data collecting with the most innovated geo-informatics solutions, which are help us in our multi criteria decision making process. We present a degradation model which useful for the prediction of the roughness, yielding surface condition of the pavement in the future. After the whole data evaluation we give accurate information about the general characterization of the permanent road network conditions. Our paper shows that in all modern asset management system based on multi criteria decision making processes, which contain single or multi objective optimization methods. The PMS based on the available-technical and financial data and its optimization process provides a pavement renovation offer for each road in Budapest transportation network and finally the paper presents how can we ranking the invention list from our optimization process.
Evaluation of Relation between HbA1c Level with Cognitive Disorders and Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Doroodgar Masoud , Doroodgar Moein , Tofangchiha Shahnaz
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: The role of HbA1c level in cognition decline and depression in type 2 diabetic patients is reported in some studies.
AIM: We evaluated the possible significant relationship between HbA1c level and cognition decline and depression in type 2 diabetic patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 512 patients with a different HbA1c level and ages range. All subjects were administered a structured clinical interview. Cognitive functions and depressive disorders were assessed through the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) respectively. Chi-square test was used for relationships between variables.
RESULTS: HbA1c mean in all patients was 7.58%. MMSE score mean in total was 27.28. 83.3% of patients had a depressive disorder, and 8.59% of patients had an MMSE score < 24. There was no significant relationship between HbA1c level and cognitive problems, but there was a significant relationship between recent memory declines with the level of HbA1c (P = 0.03). Also, there was no significant relationship between attention-deficit with HbA1c level.
CONCLUSION: Our finding provides that even though there is no significant difference between HbA1c level and cognitive problems and depression, recent memory state in these patients are more affected than the normal population and these patients have a worse state of depressive disorders.
Behind the veil – exploring the diversity in Phallus indusiatus s.l. (Phallomycetidae, Basidiomycota)
Authors: Cabral Tiara S. , Silva Bianca DB. , Martín María P. , Clement Charles R. , Hosaka Kentaro , Baseia Iuri G.
Published: October 2019

Studies have demonstrated that many cosmopolitan species actually consist of divergent clades that present high levels of morphological stasis throughout their evolutionary histories.Phallus indusiatuss.l. has been described as a circum-tropical species. However, this distribution may actually reflect the lack of taxonomic resolution due to the small number of diagnostic morphological characters, which leads to the identification of new records as populations ofP. indusiatus. Here, we examine the diversity ofP. indusiatus-like species in Brazilian Amazonia. We show a clear congruence between detailed morphological data and ITS, nuc-LSU andatp6 based phylogenetic analyses and three new species are described within the Brazilian indusiate clade. These results highlight the importance of more detailed investigation, with the inclusion of molecular information, in Neotropical fungi.
Using verified citizen science as a tool for monitoring the European hornet (Vespa crabro) in the island of Sardinia (Italy)
Authors: Pusceddu Michelina , Floris Ignazio , Mannu Roberto , Cocco Arturo , Satta Alberto
Published: October 2019

The European hornet, Vespa crabro L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), is a eusocial insect native to Eurasia that was accidentally introduced in the island of Sardinia (Italy) in 2010. This alien generalist predator could impact on native insect species through predation or competition by modifying interspecific relations in sensitive island ecosystems. As part of the Interreg project ALIEM, the present work regarded the first monitoring activity of the European hornet conducted in Sardinia by means of verified citizen science. The main goals of this study were to define the distribution area of the wasp in 2018 and evaluate the profile and the performance of citizen scientists. Our results showed that V. crabro is mainly located in north-eastern Sardinia and that the hotspot was probably the commercial port of Olbia. Furthermore, data provided by contributors were very accurate and none of the parameters considered to define the participants (age, gender, education level, job category) was a true predictor of a volunteer’s ability to recognise the wasp. In conclusion, this small-scale study suggests that citizen scientists could be a valuable aid to monitor already-established alien species and could be part of a surveillance network for early detection of other potentially invasive alien species not yet introduced in Sardinia, such as the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, which is already present in northern Italy.
Sedum ichangensis, a new species of Crassulaceae from Hubei, China
Authors: Wang Yu-Bing , Xiong Xing-Jun
Published: October 2019

Sedum ichangensissp. nov., from Yichang, Hubei province, central China, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to S. elatinoides and S. rosthornianum in its leaf and carpel morphology and differs in its creeping stems and solitary flowers. The conservation status of S. ichangensis was assessed as Endangered according to the IUCN Red List criteria.
Novelties in the genus Viridantha Espejo (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae)
Authors: Hernández-Cárdenas Rodrigo Alejandro , Serrato Díaz Alejandra , López-Ferrari Ana Rosa , Espejo-Serna Adolfo
Published: October 2019

Based on morphological evidence, we propose to raise Tillandsia mauryana forma secundifolia to species level with the name Viridantha secundifolia (Ehlers) Hern.-Cárdenas, Espejo & López-Ferr. Viridantha secundifolia can be readily distinguished by the falciform rosettes, the broadly oblong to square, 1–1.2 × 0.8–1.1 cm leaf sheaths and by the 1.8–2 × 0.7–1.2 cm floral bracts. Additionally, we describe and illustrate Viridantha uniflora Hern.-Cárdenas, Espejo & López-Ferr., from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The new species is morphologically similar to Viridantha boqueronensis, but differs by the nearly square leaf sheaths, 1.3–1.5 × 0.4–0.5 cm spikes and by the presence of only one flower per spike. A key to the taxa, morphological descriptions, list of specimens examined, illustrations and a distribution map of the described taxa are included.
Étude du développement des différentes formes de mémoire impliquées dans le traitement des informations visuelles, de 5 à 50 ans
Authors: Lorant Sonia , Lieury Alain
Published: October 2019

Trois études sont présentées. L’objectif de l’étude I (n= 260) est d’étudier, chez de jeunes enfants (5 à 10 ans), par comparaison avec des jeunes adultes, l’évolution de plusieurs types de mémoire impliqués lors du traitement des informations visuelles et visuo-spatiales. Dans l’étude I, les résultats montrent une évolution différenciée notamment pour le Memory. Dans l’étude II, une analyse multivariée montre chez les enfants (n= 306) une mémoire indifférenciée de nature visuospatiale. Enfin l’étude III, porte sur un éventail d’âges très variés, de 5 à 50 ans (n= 345) et indique que, pour les mémoires visuelles, l’âge le plus performant est 16 ans. Les mémoires visuelles sont donc nombreuses et le rôle du double codage (imagé et verbal) est envisagé pour expliquer la supériorité du test imagé (Memory) à tout âge.
Étude préliminaire d’un test de mémoire encyclopédique chez les élèves de CM2 : le QMES-E
Authors: Déro Moïse , Fenouillet Fabien , Lieury Alain
Published: October 2019

Cet article résume la démarche d’élaboration d’un test de mesure du stock de connaissances encyclopédiques scolaires à l’école élémentaire française. Il présente les résultats de l’examen psychométrique du Questionnaire de mémoire encyclopédique scolaire de l’élémentaire (QMES-E) auprès de 409 élèves de CM2. Les analyses réalisées ont déterminé une version à 56 items de vocabulaire où apparaît une structure bi-factorielle de la mémoire encyclopédique à l’école élémentaire, français et sciences versus histoire-géographie. Les scores du QMES-E de l’outil montrent des corrélations moyennes à fortes avec les épreuves nationales françaises.
Introduction : les objets SMART pour l’apprentissage
Authors: Tijus Charles
Published: October 2019

Il est attendu que la révolution en cours dans le domaine de l’intelligence artificielle va changer nos modes de vie. Qu’en est-il des apprentissages ? Nous montrons d’abord que le cœur de l’intelligence artificielle relève de l’apprentissage supervisé par imitation, raisonnement et connaissance, mais aussi non supervisé par découverte. Cette intelligence artificielle permet la conception de technologies cognitives qui sont des technologies qui incorporent des connaissances sur leurs utilisateurs à des fins de recherche scientifique mais aussi de plus en plus pour la conception d’objets SMART ; des « objets connectés à comportement » qui réalisent les fonctions cognitives qui facilitent la réalisation des objectifs de la personne. Ce panorama est suivi d’une présentation raisonnée des technologies cognitives pour l’apprentissage, et présente le contenu des articles de ce numéro d’ Enfance du point de vue de leur apport à la conception d’objets SMART pour les apprentissages du savoir et du savoir-faire.
After smartphone : Towards a new digital education artefact
Authors: Devatman Hromada Daniel
Published: October 2019

L’utilisation immodérée d’un smartphone peut entraîner des syndromes, comportements pathologiques, voire des maladies. Les appareils numériques conçus pour l’éducation plutôt que pour la consommation et le divertissement ne doivent pas négliger les subtilités de la physiologie, l’ergonomie et de la cognition humaine. Pour cette raison, nous présentons les quatre propriétés principales d’un artefact idéalisé appelé « abécédaire numérique » qui pourrait maximiser le potentiel humain et culturel d’un élève du primaire par le biais d’une interaction holistique et semi-supervisée. Les propriétés abordées et définies dans cet article sont les suivantes : « basé sur la parole », « narratif », « circa-temporel » et « perturbant l’habitude ».