bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POLYNOMIAL CURVES SYSTEMATIZATION ACCORDING TO THE FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL FORMING LOAD OR THE FINITE DIFFERENCE AMOUNT
Authors: Vorontsov Oleg , Usenko Valeriy , Vorontsova Iryna
Published: February 2025

One of the important directions of discrete geometry is the static-geometric method, created on the basis of a static interpretation of the classical method of finite differences. Its simplicity and practicality are revealed in the constructiveness and clarity of the process of forming a geometric image of some continuous object under the action of an external load, taking into account the given conditions.
Further development of this modeling method under the condition of rational reduction of the amount of initial information is relevant, and the proposed direction of research will allow revealing new possibilities of its use in various fields: construction, mechanical engineering, economy and others. One of the tasks of this work is to continue research on the definition of discrete images of curved lines based on the classical method of finite differences, the static-geometric modeling method and the geometric apparatus of superpositions.
This paper defines the distribution functions of the finite difference value in the formation of discrete analogues of polynomial curves with two-, three-,.. n-point dependencies and systematizes the conditions of uniformly distributed finite difference value in the formation of discrete images of polynomials of different degrees.
The results of the analysis of the magnitudes and functions of the distribution of the external form-forming load and the magnitude of the finite difference in the formation of polynomials of various degrees are systematized in the table form, where it is clear in which case this function will be linear, or constant value, or equal to zero.
The research data determine a general approach to obtaining similar regularities of the magnitude distribution of the finite difference in the formation of discrete analogues of curves analytically described by elementary functional dependencies.
Determining the correspondence between the analytical equation of the curve and the load distribution function or the value of the finite difference Pi when forming its discrete frame, as well as the definition of a general approach to the polynomial curves systematization in the form of the function of the external form-forming load or the value of the finite difference can be the basis for evaluating the accuracy of modeling the discrete frames of other curves that are analytically described by elementary functional dependencies.
SIMULATION OF CHANGES IN WEIGHTLESSNESS SHAPE OF ROD STRUCTURE LIKE DOUBLE SPHERICAL PENDULUM
Authors: Kutsenko Leonid , Kalynovskyi Andrii , Zapolskiy Leonid
Published: February 2025

A geometric model of a new method of opening a rod structure similar to a double spherical pendulum under weightless conditions is studied. The movement of structural elements occurs due to the action of impulses of pyrotechnic jet engines on the end points of the links. The description of the movement of the resulting inertial opening of the rod structure is made using the Lagrange equation of the second kind and, taking into account the conditions of weightlessness, constructed using only the kinetic energy of the system.The relevance of the chosen topic is indicated by the need to study the process of activation of the disclosure of a spatial rod structure for performing rescue operations. As propellers, it is proposed to use pulsed pyrotechnic jet engines installed at the end points of the structure links. Lighter and cheaper than, for example, electric motors or spring devices. It is also more cost-effective when the process of opening the structure in orbit is planned to be performed only once.A method is proposed for determining the parameters and initial conditions for initiating oscillations of a double rod structure in order to obtain a cyclic trajectory of the end point of the second link. This makes it possible to avoid chaotic movements of structural elements when calculating the transformation process. Graphs of the change in time of the functions of generalized coordinates, as well as the first and second derivatives of these functions, are constructed. Therefore, it became possible to evaluate the power characteristics of the system at the moment of braking (stopping) of the opening process.The results can be used as geometric models of deployment options for large-sized objects under weightless conditions, such as load-bearing frames of space antennas or truss structures, as well as other orbital infrastructures necessary for planning and performing rescue operations
PENGARUH BEBAN PAJAK KINI, BEBAN PAJAK TANGGUHAN, TAX TO BOOK RATIO, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Kesehatan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2021-2023)
Authors: SETYANINGSIH INKA DWI , SYARLI ZIKRI AIDILLA , RASMON RASMON
Published: February 2025

This research is a quantitative study that aims to determine the effect of current tax burden, deferred tax burden, tax to book ratio, and leverage on financial performance in pharmaceutical health sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021-2023. In determining the sample of this study using purposive sampling technique, so that 15 samples of companies that meet the criteria are obtained with three years of observation so that the total observations used in this study are 45 reports. This study uses secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression analysis (pooled data) with the help of Eviews 12. The results showed that partially the current tax expense variable has a significant effect on financial performance, the deferred tax expense variable has no significant effect on financial performance, the tax to book ratio variable has a significant effect on financial performance, and the leverage variable has a significant effect on financial performance. From this study also obtained the coefficient of determination (R2) with a value of 0,6528, means that 65.28% of disclosure is explained by the variables between current tax expense, deferred tax expense, tax to book ratio, and leverage. While 34.72% is explained by other variables outside the model.
PENGARUH GENDER, PEMAHAMAN PERPAJAKAN DAN RELIGIULITAS TERHADAP PERSEPSI PENGGELAPAN PAJAK
Authors: ULI DESTI MONIKA , ZURMAN ZURMAN
Published: February 2025

To improve the well-being of the community, the government has various national development programs, one of the sources of funding is taxes. It takes the awareness of taxpayers to pay taxes. However, due to differences in views with the government, tax evasion has occurred. Tax evasion committed by taxpayers aims to minimize the amount of tax payable by violating applicable regulations. Perceptions of tax evasion are influenced by various factors, including gender, religiosity, and understanding of taxation. This study aims to determine the effect of gender, understanding of taxation, and religiosity on the perception of tax evasion. This research was conducted in Pekanbaru. The sample determination used an accidental sampling approach which made anyone who met the researcher determined as a respondent on the condition that they met the criteria as an individual taxpayer who had an NPWP. Respondents totaled 50 people. The analysis technique used uses multiple linear analysis with the help of the SPSS version 27 application. The results of the study prove that statistically understanding taxation and religiosity has a significant effect on the perception of tax evasion.
The image of travel journalism in television and periodicals of Kazakhstan
Authors: Ozenbayeva N.T. , Ishanova A.K.
Published: February 2025

This article provides an investigation on the topic of travel journalism in domestic mass media. The article focuses on the image of travel journalism in periodicals and television of Kazakhstan. Study that underscores the increasing importance of travel journalism to public understanding of tourism, culture, and global interconnectedness. As traditional travel journalism grapples with competition from digital media, it will have to find ways to preserve its cultural and informative relevance. Based on case studies, this research analyzes the transformation of the genre within the Kazakhstan’s media space and audience perceptions, as well as the factors that formalize its growth. Through a detailed examination of the media study of leading models that exist in print and broadcast media, this study explores the impact of travel journalism as a tool for the promotion of tourism and cultural heritage of Kazakhstan. The main task of the research was to analyze well-known projects of domestic travel journalism and compare them to the foreign media.
Working principles of data journalism
Authors: Abdikhalyk O.M. , Beldibekova А.Т.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the development of data journalism in Kazakhstan and its practical applications. Data journalism enhances information processing by collecting, analyzing, and visualizing data. Modern tools like Python, Excel, and Tableau simplify journalists’ tasks and improve the accuracy of the presented information. Although data availability is growing in Kazakhstan, data journalism faces challenges due to limited sources or inconvenient formats. Internationally, open data portals significantly improve access to information. In Kazakhstan, the number of open data sources is increasing, providing journalists with better access to information, but the field remains in a developmental stage. Data journalism effectively conveys information not only through text but also visually, using infographics and charts for easier comprehension. The study highlights that data journalism in Kazakhstan is an emerging discipline shaped by globalization and new technologies. Its importance in the information age and its potential for further growth are becoming increasingly evident.
Implementing a Data-Driven Culture in Organizations
Authors: Abrar Ahmed Syed
Published: February 2025

Implementing a data-driven culture in organizations represents a transformative journey that fundamentally reshapes operational paradigms and decision-making processes. This article explores the essential components of data-driven transformation, including data governance frameworks, technical infrastructure requirements, and data literacy programs. The article examines leadership's crucial role in driving cultural change, addresses common implementation challenges, and presents effective solutions for organizations undertaking this transformation. Through detailed examination of success metrics and impact assessment methodologies, the article provides insights into measuring and optimizing transformation outcomes. The article concludes by identifying future considerations and emerging trends that organizations must prepare for in their journey toward data-driven excellence.
Eye Diseases Classification Using Transfer Learning Technique of Deep Neural Network
Authors: Sheetal J. Nagar  , Nikhil Gondaliya
Published: February 2025

The human eye is a complex organ susceptible to various diseases and abnormalities that can impair vision. Identifying retinal diseases early and precisely categorizing them is crucial to ensure effective treatment is administered promptly. In this proposed study, we implemented Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) along with pretrained neural network architectures. We use existing methods as the foundation and develop models tailored for detecting eye diseases, such as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Cataracts, and Glaucoma, specifically among diabetic patients. These models are applied for screening of retinal fundus images for accurate diagnosis. Prompt identification and suitable treatment can aid in preventing the commencement and advancement of diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma among patients. Accurate identification of these conditions is paramount in the healthcare sector. Our research aims to categorize eye diseases through the utilization of retinal fundus images for multiclass classification. The multiclass classification outcomes, implemented on the Kaggle platform, indicated that CNN, MobileNet, DenseNet121, ResNet and EfficientNetB3 yielded training accuracies of 98.50%, 99.94%, 99.37%, 99.90% and 99.97 as well as the validation accuracies of 88.22%, 95.67%, 93.99%, 93.30% and 95.97% respectively.
Fine-Tuning Large Language Models on Cultural Nuances for Linguistically Driven Hyper-Personalization: A Literature Review
Authors: Raghu Para
Published: February 2025

As large language models (LLMs) rapidly integrate into business and commerce environments, the ability to accommodate cultural nuances and linguistic variations has become increasingly critical. Hyper-personalization—tailoring system outputs to individual consumers and cultural contexts—can enhance customer trust, engagement, and effectiveness in areas such as marketing, customer service, and product recommendations. This literature review synthesizes studies published through early 2024 that consider the fine-tuning of LLMs to reflect cultural and linguistic attributes. We assess theoretical frameworks for cultural adaptation, approaches to data curation and representation, methods for language model fine-tuning, and the implications of these techniques for business and commerce. Additionally, we address ethical, fairness, and bias considerations, as well as the challenges and future directions in this emerging field. The evidence suggests that culturally nuanced fine-tuning can unveil unseen levels of hyper-personalization in business applications, though continued research is still warranted to handle data scarcity, examine cultural appropriateness, and alleviate risks of stereotyping and bias.
Banditry and Insecurity in Pastoral Kenya : A Critical Discourse
Authors: Dr. Adan Abass Tawane
Published: February 2025

Banditry and protracted inter-ethnic conflicts resulting from Scarce resources, poverty and lack of economic opportunity have been stoking insecurity in pastoral Kenya since independence in 1963. Modern-day banditry has been commercialized over time and other actors including politicians and unscrupulous business men use it as triggers to instigate conflict to divert the attention of security agencies. The colonial government enforced the isolation of most of the Northern Frontier Districts (NFD) and North Western Kenya by enacting a series of Ordinances between the years 1901 to 1933 that systemically isolated and marginalized communities from this geographical area. Post-independence Kenyan authorities also felt there was a need to subject these communities to screening, profiling, and overregulation in these areas in comparison to the rest of the nation where the Presidency was granted the power to govern these communities by decree. This paper discusses the dynamics, enablers and drivers of banditry and insecurity in pastoral areas in Kenya.
Fabrication of Glycerin-Based Chest Phantom as a Simulation Model for Paediatric Pneumonia
Authors: Khoiru Ainin Nisa  , Choirul Anam  , Ilham Alkian  , Arij Naufal  , Heri Sutanto
Published: February 2025

This study aims to fabricate a chest phantom that can replicate pneumonia cases in patients using materials that are easily found in the market. The materials used were polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PU) foam, and calcium carbonate which each replace the patient's soft tissue, lungs, and ribs, respectively. The patient's pneumonia case was replicated using glycerin fluid. The fabricated phantom was scanned using a GE Revolution EVO 128 slice CT scanner with a tube current of 100 mA and tube voltages of 80, 100, 120 and 140 kV. Image analysis was performed by comparing phantom images with patient images exposed using the same exposure factor. The parameters of CT number, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were used to compared images of the fabricated phantom and patients. The results showed that the CT numbers produced by soft tissue, bone, and normal lungs in the fabricated phantom were in the range of CT numbers of soft tissue, bone, and normal lungs in the patient image. Meanwhile, the CT number of pneumonia in the phantom (-805 HU) was still different from the CT number of pneumonia in the patient image (-57 to 49 HU). It can be concluded that the fabricated phantom has succeeded in replicating the main anatomical features of the patient (normal soft tissue, bone, and lung). However, replication of pneumonia needs to be improved so that it will be similar to the real case of pneumonia.
Comparative Analysis of Revenue Growth and Profitability among Renewable Energy Companies in India
Authors: Dinesh V B S Yakkala  , Mr. Bipul Kumar
Published: February 2025

India's renewable energy sector has achieved substantial growth, spurred on mainly by the lures of public policy and private investment. This paper shall compare revenue growth and profitability of four big players in the sector—Adani Green Energy, Suzlon Energy, Inox Wind, and Borosil Renewables—using important financial ratios: EBITDA margin, ROE, and EPS. From the findings, Adani Green excels in revenue generation but has lower profitability compared to others, Suzlon has just recovered from a downward turn due to various circumstances, while Borosil also witnessed a growth pattern. Inox Wind exhibits varied results in performance. Efficiency in operations, access to capital, and the influence of the regulatory framework appear to have major weight in determining profitability. Sustainable financial strategies and policy measures will be crucial to ensuring long-term survival of enterprises in the sector. Directions for future research should include non-financial factors that provide a wider range of background and perspective in the ailing sector.
Fumar em Área Aberta é o Suficiente para Proteção das Crianças?
Authors: Tavares Maria Alice Santos , Nogueira Leandro Alberto Calazans , Meziat Filho Ney Armando de Mello , Almeida Renato Santos de , Muzi Camila Drumond , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Ramos Raquel de Souza , Mendes Gisele Fragoso , Mesquita Selma Cristina de Jesus , Santos Manassés Moura dos Santos , Palazzo Maria Victória de Jesus Mesquita , Santos Juliana Miranda Batista Moura dos , Lopes Agnaldo José
Published: February 2025

A Organização Mundial da Saúde alerta que aproximadamente 603 mil pessoas morrem anualmente em todo mundo em decorrência do tabagismo passivo. Destas, 168.840 (28%) são crianças. O The Global Burden of Disease 3 alertou que morrem aproximadamente 47 mil crianças menores de 5 anos em decorrência do tabagismo passivo. Evidências laboratoriais indicam que a exposição ao tabagismo de terceira mão afeta negativamente órgãos e sistemas em desenvolvimento. Ao contrário dos adultos, as crianças não são capazes de regular sua exposição à fumaça do tabaco, sendo obrigadas a viverem no ambiente que lhes é proporcionado. A mensuração da exposição das crianças à fumaça do tabaco pode ser complexa e difícil já que depende da informação da família, muitas vezes imprecisas ou subnotificadas. Nesse contexto, foi desenvolvido e validado, em Israel, um questionário que utiliza imagens e vinhetas de situações hipotéticas com a finalidade de medir a percepção dos pais sobre a exposição das crianças à fumaça de tabaco. Esse instrumento foi traduzido e adaptado para o contexto brasileiro e está disponível, podendo ser utilizado pelo profissional de saúde como uma estratégia de orientação e conduta no auxílio à redução da exposição das crianças tanto no tabagismo passivo como no de terceira mão.
We Just Leave It as "Other”: Undocumented Student Policy and Practice in Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Authors: Stuckey Julie , Snodgrass Lisa Lambert
Published: February 2025

This pilot study uses a mixed-method convergent design to explore what formal policy and informal practices exist at Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs) and emerging Hispanic-serving institutions (eHSIs) in states with restrictive, ambiguous, or no undocumented student legislation.  These policies and practices can be used to increase equity access in a biased political environment.  Data was collected in two phases.  Student-facing staff and administration at HSIs and eHSIs in states with restrictive/ambiguous or no policies completed a mixed-methods survey.  Individuals could then choose to participate in a semi-structured interview.  Initial results reveal that formal policies are limited to clarifying federal or state legislation.  In contrast, informal practices provide ways to provide information and support, professional development, or ways to manage student disclosure of status.  Of special interest are “don’t ask, don’t tell” practices that exist when a student’s status is disclosed and the number of respondents who believe no undocumented students are enrolled at their institution.  Recommendations include policy and professional development considerations.
Latinx Students' Postsecondary Decision-making: Higher Education Aspirations Amidst Macroeconomic Realities
Authors: Riffenburgh Kelley
Published: February 2025

Latinx students, particularly those who are first-generation college students and/or from low-income backgrounds, are disproportionately underrepresented in higher education in the United States. This study explores factors affecting Latinx students’ postsecondary pathways and college decision-making, drawing from 22 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seniors and alumni from a majority-Latinx California high school. Amidst unprecedented student debt rates, higher education investments can pose financial risks. The students profiled aim to make choices that will lessen the financial burden of higher education, showing an awareness of larger macroeconomic contexts while simultaneously not compromising on fulfilling higher education aspirations.
Garbanzos de a libra: The Community Cultural Wealth of Male Bilingual Teachers
Authors: Carrizales Delia , Lara Denise N. , García Hugo
Published: February 2025

Latino males are “effectively vanishing” (Saenz & Ponjuan, 2009, p. 54) from the United States higher education pipeline, a phenomenon clearly evident in the K-12 and postsecondary levels; they have become an ultra-minoritized population. Saenz and Ponjuan (2009) expound various theoretical and socio-cultural explanations for this enduring and distressing trend facing Latino males. In particular, the lack of male teachers as young Latino boys traverse their compulsory education is problematic as representation is critical for persistence and mentoring. As the number of Emergent Bilingual students is now 10% of the U.S. student population, the need for increasing bilingual male teachers is more important than ever. Increasing the representation of Latino male bilingual teachers in primary grade levels, can help ameliorate the leaks that Latino boys, particularly Emergent Bilinguals, encounter in the educational pipeline. Utilizing a narrative inquiry approach this study focused on the experiences of six Latino male bilingual elementary education teachers in the Southwest United States.
Indonesian Muslim Societies in the Digital Age
Authors: Mukhlis  , Wardiman Doki , Yetri Amelia
Published: February 2025

The digital era has revolutionised daily life by integrating work, education, communication, entertainment, and commerce. This shift profoundly affects communities with strong cultural and religious identities, such as Muslims in Indonesia. This study explores the opportunities and challenges faced by Indonesian Muslims in adapting to digital transformation. Key challenges include limited technology access, ethical concerns in digital content, and potential threats to religious and cultural identity. Employing a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, the study finds that digital technology improves educational access, fosters economic growth through e-commerce, and strengthens Islamic da’wah. However, digital inequality, moral dilemmas, and cultural erosion remain pressing issues. To address these, strategic recommendations include enhancing digital literacy, creating relevant Islamic content, leveraging social media for da’wah, and promoting innovation in Islamic business. These findings aim to help Indonesian Muslims navigate the digital era while preserving their religious and cultural values.
ПІСЛЯОПЕРАЦІЙНІ РАНОВІ УСКЛАДНЕННЯ ЧЕРЕЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШОВНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ В ЕСТЕТИЧНІЙ МАММОПЛАСТИЦІ
Authors: Якобчук А. А.
Published: February 2025

Післяопераційні ранові ускладнення зростають зі збільшенням числа операцій на молочній залозі, а з’єднання тканин є одним із найскладніших етапів хірургічного втручання, від якості виконання якого багато в чому залежить результат операції. Одним із чинників, які призводять до виникнення запалення, може бути шовний матеріал, що використовується для з’єднання, який у подальшому може залишатися в тілі людини тривалий час. Від якості, хімічного складу і структури шовного матеріалу залежить реакція тканин на результати операції. Метою роботи є вивчення післяопераційних ранових ускладнень через використання різних видів шовного матеріалу в естетичній маммопластиці. Матеріали та методи. Огляд та узагальнення даних літератури, сучасних науково-експериментальних досліджень, які стосуються вивчення цієї проблематики та результати досліджень після проведених операцій. Результати дослідження доводять, що шовний матеріал застосовують для накладання хірургічних швів і перев’язки окремих анатомічних структур (судин, шкіри, м’язів, кісток), а також для зупинення кровотечі. Цей матеріал повинен володіти міцністю, гладкою поверхнею, переносити стерилізацію, зав’язуватися в міцні вузли. Хірургічні шовні матеріали є стороннім предметом для організму, який залишається у тканинах і по-різному може впливати на перебіг запального процесу. У хірургічній практиці естетичної маммопластики залежно від зони накладання швів шовний матеріал може залишатися в глибоких шарах м’яких тканин або зніматися через два тижні в умовах первинного загоєння післяопераційної рани. Висновки. Використання сучасних і безпечних за характеристиками міцності та гіпоаллергенності шовних матеріалів є не менш важливим у хірургії та корекції молочної залози, ніж використання загальновизнаних і довготривалих за ефектом хірургічних методик. Тому особливості використання та якість хірургічного шовного матеріалу дуже впливають на позитивний результат операції з естетичної маммопластики.
Factors Affecting the Compliance of Pulmonary TB Patients in Drug Consumption at the Batumarta II Health Center, Lubuk Raja District, Ogan Komaring Regency, Ulu, South Sumatra in 2024
Authors: Prisca Tety Okta , Nuraini Nuraini , Nasution Ramadhani Syafitri
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a direct infectious disease and is a major threat to human resource development, the World Health Organization (WHO) said the number of people diagnosed with tuberculosis in 2021 globally was 10.6 million cases, plus treatment failure was also a major contributor to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the compliance of TB patients in drug consumption at the Batumarta II Health Center. This type of research is an analytical survey with a retrospective design. The research was conducted at the Batumarta II Health Center in 2024. By using the total sampling technique, which is as many as 50 respondents. To analyze the data, a logistic regression test was used. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was a relationship between drug consumption compliance and variables, namely knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (P=0.000), health workers (p=0.021), family support (p=0.001) and culture (p=0.000), but there was no effect on the availability of OAT with drug consumption compliance because of the P value (p=1,000) at the Batumarta II Health Center, South Sumatra. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the factors that affect drug consumption compliance at the Batumarta II Health Center are knowledge, attitudes, health workers, family and cultural support. The most dominant factor affecting drug consumption compliance at the Batuamrta II Health Center is knowledge that has  an Exp(B) or Odd Ratio value of 37,200. Suggestions for making counseling programs on factors affecting patient compliance in drug consumption both to families of patients and pulmonary TB patients to increase public knowledge about the correct TB treatment methods and patterns in order to maximize healing outcomes.
The Determinants of Detrimental Changes in Pulse Pressure During Maintenance Hemodialysis Treatments
Authors: Damayanti Ratna , Kuswadi Iri , Prasanto Raden , Puspitasari Metalia , Wardhani Yulia , Kuswadi Danny
Published: February 2025

Background: Studies indicate that large fluctuations in pulse pressure during hemodialysis are associated with cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.

Objective: We investigated the determinants of detrimental changes in pulse pressure (ΔPP) during hemodialysis.

Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study was conducted from 1 to 30 April 2023 at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, involving maintenance hemodialysis patients for ≥ 6 months. Patients were categorized into group 1 (detrimental ΔPP, ΔPP >5 mmHg or <−25 mmHg) and group 2 (stable ΔPP, −25 to 5 mmHg). Mann-Whitney, independent-t, chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression were applied to evaluate associations between ΔPP groups and clinical variables.

Results: This study involved 136 patients, 75 males (55.1%) with a mean age of 52 (18-87). The most common comorbid was hypertension, present in 85 patients (62.5%). The mean hemodialysis vintage of patients was 47.2 (6.5-330.7) months. We found significant difference between group in post-dialysis systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.003), pre-dialysis diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.015), post-dialysis DBP (p=0.007), ultrafiltration (p=0.041), pre-dialysis mean-arterial-pressure (MAP) (p=0.013), post-dialysis MAP (p=0.002), and alpha-blocker treatment (p=0.037). Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows a significant association between groups of ΔPP with pre-dialysis DBP (p=0.035; OR=1.153; OR=Exp(10xℬ) =4.137) and post-dialysis SBP (p=0.007; OR=1.052; OR=Exp(10xℬ) =1.6487).

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that group 1, with detrimental changes in pulse pressure during hemodialysis, was found to have higher post-dialysis DBP, pre-dialysis DBP, post-dialysis SBP, pre-dialysis MAP, post-dialysis MAP, alpha-blocker treatment, and ultrafiltration, with significant association with post-dialysis SBP and pre-dialysis DBP.
Acute Kidney Injury with Characteristics of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis Due to Suspected IgA Nephropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Putri Sandra , Aditiyaputri Nadhila , Oetomo Amanukarti
Published: February 2025

Acute kidney damage (AKI) in glomerular disease is typically characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). RPGN in IgA nephropathy is uncommon, occurring in less than 10% of patients. RPGN presents diagnostic issues in resource-limited settings. A 34-year-old male patient had acute kidney injury with RPGN characteristics based on clinical symptoms of hypertension, pitting edema, anuria, and hematuria after an upper respiratory tract infection, as well as laboratory findings of proteinuria, persistent microscopic hematuria, and positive erythrocyte casts. Serum creatinine levels rose sharply. Corticosteroids, antihypertensives, and hemodialysis resulted in clinical improvement and fast kidney function recovery. Due to limited resources, no kidney biopsy was conducted. This case provides a diagnostic approach to RPGN in IgA nephropathy in resource-limited settings, along with comprehensive therapy.
Observational Study on How the Frequency of Dialyzer Reuse Impacts Hemodialysis Effectiveness
Authors: Wicaksono Ramadi , Gunawan Atma , Samsu Nur , Rifai Achmad
Published: February 2025

Background: The increasing practice of dialyzer reuse in hemodialysis raises critical concerns regarding its impact on efficacy, infection risks, and essential metrics such as Urea Reduction Ratio (URR) and Kt/V values. Addressing these concerns is paramount to establishing safe and optimal reuse limits through comprehensive performance assessments.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of dialyzer reuse by assessing Kt/V and URR measurements.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar's Hemodialysis Unit from November 2021 to January 2022. Data collection employed a standardized pilot form designed to collate Kt/V and URR data from all participants. Statistical analyses included repeated measures ANOVA to detect temporal changes in average Kt/V and URR, alongside Spearman correlation analysis to explore variable relationships.

Results: The study encompassed 15 participants, revealing a statistically significant decline in both Kt/V and URR values across each reuse group (p < 0.05). Specifically, each subsequent reuse of the dialyzer corresponded to a decrement of 0.0469 units in Kt/V and 1.003 units in URR. Notably, by the 7th reuse, hemodialysis adequacy remained satisfactory, achieving an average Kt/V of 1.61. Furthermore, the study indicated that even up to 11 reuses could achieve a Kt/V > 1.4. Similarly, the average URR value for the 7th reuse was 70.207%, with the potential to maintain URR > 65% even after up to 13 reuses.

Conclusion: This study unequivocally affirms that hemodialysis adequacy remains satisfactory up to the 7th reuse of dialyzers, despite observed declines in Kt/V and URR values over successive reuses.
Association Between Fluid Administration and Hemoglobin Changes During Perioperative Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Sanyoto Arundina , Widiana I Gde Raka , Mahadita Gede Wira , Kandarini Yenny , Ayu Nyoman Paramita , Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Agung Tresna
Published: February 2025

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in Indonesia, so it requires effective treatment options like kidney transplantation. Optimal fluid therapy during the perioperative period is important for stable hemodynamics and graft function. However, guidelines for fluid administration remain lacking.

Objective: This study investigates the association between fluid therapy and changes in hemoglobin levels in patients undergoing renal transplantation.

Methods: A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted at RSUP Prof. DR. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar from January 2016 to August 2024. Data were collected from medical records of patients who underwent kidney transplantation, excluding those with incomplete data. Key variables included daily fluid intake and hemoglobin levels. The coefficient of variance was calculated and continued with correlation analyses utilizing Pearson correlation and linear regression to assess relationships between fluid administration and hemoglobin changes.

Results: Of 28 patients, 10 met inclusion criteria, consisting of 4 males and 6 females. Analysis showed a strong correlation between the variance of fluid intake and the variance of hemoglobin levels (R = 0.86; R² = 0.74; P < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant relationship between post-operative variance of fluid administration and variance of hemoglobin levels following kidney transplantation. It may have an impact on the management of post-operative reduction in hemoglobin levels.
KESEDIAAN GOLONGAN MISKIN TEGAR MEREBUT TREND BAHARU DI MALAYSIA MENERUSI EKONOMI GIG : SATU TINJAUAN DI CHERAS, KUALA LUMPUR
Authors: Mohd Noor Noorazam , Che Soh Mazlan
Published: February 2025

Kemajuan dalam teknologi maklumat khususnya dengan wujudnya Internet telah merubah kehidupan manusia. Selain digunakan untuk pelbagai manfaat, Internet juga didapati turut memberikan pengaruh terhadap sektor perniagaan. Kini, perniagaan secara atas talian telah mewujudkan potensi besar untuk diteroka. Justeru, disinilah ekonomi gig memainkan peranannya, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi digital. Kajian ini memfokuskan tiga objektif iaitu pertama, bagi meneliti dan mendapatkan maklumbalas kumpulan rentan yang terdiri dari kumpulan miskin bandar terhadap sikap dan penerimaan terhadap ekonomi gig, ke dua, untuk memahami isu, halangan serta cabaran dihadapi oleh kumpulan ini dalam menyertai ekonomi gig dan yang terakhir adalah bagi mendapatkan cadangan dari mereka terhadap rencana Kerajaan untuk memajukan ekonomi gig. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis kandungan dan temubual kumpulan berfokus telah dilaksanakan. Dapatan kajian mendapati secara umumnya informan menunjukkan sikap dan penerimaan positif terhadap usaha kerajaan Malaysia untuk memajukan ekonomi gig di Malaysia. Pun begitu, terdapat beberapa isu telah diketengahkan antaranya adalah akses terhadap internet khusus di kawasan pedalaman, kemahiran perniagaan secara online, persaingan serta kos. Beberapa cadangan telah dikemukakan antaranya gesaan kepada Kerajaan untuk mempromosikan ekonomi gig secara meluas dan bersasar serta menyediakan insentif khusus kepada kumpulan rentan. Kajian ini sekaligus menyokong usaha kerjaaan Malaysia untuk melaksanakan satu dasar yang lebih menyeluruh dalam aspek kawal selia ekonomi gig. Diharapkan dengan kerangka dasar ini akan membantu memacu ekonomi rakyat, sekali gus membantu Kerajaan membasmi kemiskinan di kalangan rakyat dengan memaksimakan manfaat dari tekonologi digital dan ekonomi gig.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE BOARD CHARACTERISTICS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE OF THE NSE-LISTED COMPANIES
Authors: Lal Shankar , Arora Mehak
Published: February 2025

This article examines how the size of the board, the presence of women on the board, and the critical mass of women on the board affect the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of companies listed on the NSE. This study is a cross-sectional analysis that relies on secondary data from the CRISIL database and examines a sample of 973 companies listed on the NSE. The Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited (CRISIL) assigns an ESG score to assess Indian firms' ESG performance. We collected data on female representation and board size from the yearly reports of the firms and their respective websites. Our investigation findings indicate that Indian corporations prioritize social and governance issues more significantly than environmental concerns. The results indicate that the board characteristics have a varied impact on the ESG performance of the companies listed on the NSE.
WHAT PREDICTS THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN MALAYSIA’S FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY?
Authors: Yong Chin Lee , Lim Ghee Thean , Hooi Hooi Lean
Published: February 2025

The present study focuses on the technical efficiency of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Large-scale enterprises (LSEs) in Malaysia's food processing industry by adopting Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression. The empirical results provide that the SMEs technical efficiency score in constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS) are 0.940 and 0.986 respectively which indicates the SMEs can enhance the level of output by 6 per cent for CRS and 1.4 per cent for VRS by using the given level of inputs. Moreover, the technical efficiency level of LSE is 0.673 and 0.942 from CRS and VRS respectively. The finding also suggests that the training cost, research and development, and foreign direct investment positively affect technical efficiency while information and technology, public infrastructure, and trade openness negatively affect the technical efficiency in SMEs. On the other hand, government infrastructure and trade openness have a positive connection with the technical efficiency of LSEs in Malaysia's food processing industry. Contradiction, research and development, and world oil price are negatively affecting the technical efficiency in LSEs which means the higher of these variables, the higher the efficiency in LSEs.
TRADE OPENNESS AND MANUFACTURING GROWTH OF ASIAN ECONOMIES: INVESTIGATING LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR EFFECT
Authors: Banik Banna , Akter Tahsina , Kumar Roy Chandan , Hossain Rabiul
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the linear and non-linear effects of trade openness on manufacturing growth in 35 selected Asian economies from 2004 to 2022. Using linear and quadratic regression specifications derived from the production function framework of growth, panel data fixed effects models, two-stage least square (2SLS) method, and two-step difference and system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation techniques, the study uncovers significant findings. The results from the linear static and dynamic specifications indicate a positive and significant impact of trade openness on manufacturing growth. Moreover, factors such as tariff rate, financial development, control of corruption, foreign direct investment, and foreign exchange reserve also play a significant role in influencing manufacturing growth in the Asian economies. The study further reveals that the relationship between trade openness and manufacturing growth is non-linear. While additional trade openness initially has a positive effect on manufacturing value-added growth, beyond a certain threshold, the marginal impact of trade openness becomes negative. This study makes valuable contributions to the existing literature by providing evidence on the linear effect of trade openness on manufacturing growth and by being the first to analyze the optimality or non-linearity of trade openness specifically in the Asian region. The findings suggest that higher levels of trade openness offer opportunities for knowledge sharing, technological advancements, innovation, increased productivity, access to new capital goods, and attraction of foreign investment in the manufacturing sector. However, the study emphasizes the importance of specialization in producing high-quality goods and developing expertise to achieve sustained growth in the manufacturing sector.
IMPACT OF POOR COMMUNICATION, FATIGUE, AND EXPERIENCE LEVELS ON ACCIDENT RATES: A CASE STUDY OF THE MALAYSIAN MARITIME SHIPPING INDUSTRY
Authors: Mohd Rozar Norlinda , Sidik Mohamad Hazeem , Razik Muhammad Ashlyzan , Lismawati  , Hayu Rina Suthia , Himawan Abdurrahman Faris Indriya , Chuah Lai Fatt , Mohd Zawawi Nur Fadiah
Published: February 2025

Human error is the primary cause of most accidents, leading to various issues and shipping delays. Previous research has identified three key causes that culminate in human error in the Malaysian shipping industry: poor communication, fatigue, and lack of experience. However, there is limited discussion on effective strategies to mitigate these errors. Therefore, this study aims to propose optimal solutions to reduce human error. Through this study, quantitative research methods were used to obtain important data involving the main objectives of this study. For the quantitative analysis, data was collected through multiple rounds of questionnaires distributed to 25 experts using the Delphi method and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study stresses the critical factors influencing human error in the industry, with findings identifying fatigue as the primary contributor to accidents. Addressing this issue would help the shipping industry to reduce human errors and accidents, thereby ensuring smoother operations.
A CURRENT REVIEW ON OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT IN MANAGING MAJOR OIL SPILLS FROM SHIPS (TANKERS) IN THE STRAITS OF MALACCA, MALAYSIA
Authors: Ismail M B , Taib C A
Published: February 2025

Theoretically, operations management (OM) is concerned with the designing and controlling processes or redesigning business operations for production of goods and services. More so in managing oil spills from tankers in the Straits of Malacca (SOM). Mistakes in decision making couple with outdated practices exposed marine living and non-living resources to damages as a result of the shipping casualties. In any major global oil pollution from tankers or sometimes addresses as oil pollution disaster has hardly achieved a fully oils recovery due to several factors; natural or physical or both. In the case, the previous study found that this phenomenon happened anywhere in the world including in the SOM. Operations management of this specialised mechanism requires specialists from various expertise such as engineering, chemical, biological, nautical, environmental economics, legal persons and social scientists. The whole spectrum of expertise determined the structure of frameworks such as legislation, institutional and operational that assimilated into national oil spill contingency plan (NOSCP). The plan documentation dictated the requirement of oil spills preparedness and response, distribution of oil spill response equipment (OSRE) stockpile strategically, and the way how its operations be managed and maintained to undertake any eventuality of future oil spills disaster in the SOM.
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF GREEN MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES FOR GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN MALAYSIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: Lim C Z X , Ahmad W N K W
Published: February 2025

Green manufacturing is a practice that aims to reduce waste and pollution throughout the manufacturing process. The research scope covers how the implementation of green manufacturing practices helps manufacturing companies to reduce GHG emissions. The main objective of the study is to determine the relationship between green manufacturing practices and GHG emissions and how knowledge, costs, regulations and technology moderate the relationship between green manufacturing practices and GHG emissions in Malaysia. This paper reviews the existing literature on the topic and proposes a conceptual framework of green manufacturing practices for Malaysian manufacturing industry context. This study intends to provide insights into green manufacturing and as well as to fill the research gaps in how green manufacturing helps in reducing GHG emissions.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND VALUE ARCHITECTURE TOWARDS BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: Ahmad Md Fauzi , Abdullah Huda , Ahmad Ahmad Nur Aizat , Chan Shiau Wei , Abdul Hamid Norhadilah , Shahron Syairah Aimi
Published: February 2025

The digital economy has become a pivotal force driving nations towards enhanced competitiveness and customer value delivery, with Malaysia being no exception. Despite this imperative, the pace of digital adoption within Malaysian businesses trails considerably behind the global average. This research endeavours to elucidate the intricate relationship between digital transformation, value architecture, and business performance. Employing a quantitative methodology and random sampling technique, data was gathered through a survey questionnaire administered to 150 respondents from the manufacturing sector. Results revealed significant correlations between digital transformation, value architecture, and business performance. Notably, the manufacturing subsector emerges as a significant influencer on both digital transformation and business performance. These findings underscore the widespread acceptance of digital transformation and value architecture within the manufacturing industry as indispensable tools for augmenting business performance. Consequently, the manufacturing sector assumes a pivotal role in driving economic growth and societal advancement, characterized by employment expansion and export stimulation. Moreover, this study advocates for enhanced operational efficiency, aligning with Malaysia’s strategic initiative, My Digital, aimed at catapulting the nation into a high-income, digitally-driven economy.