bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Современные возможности ургентной фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии в диагностическо-лечебном алгоритме больных с острой хирургической патологией
Authors: Filonenko V.A. , Lesnoy V.V. , Lesnaya A.S.
Published: November 2018

Актуальность. Роль фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии неоспорима в диагностике осложнений язвенной болезни, но эндоскопический этап лечения занимает ведущее место в терапии механической желтухи, псевдокист поджелудочной железы, острой высокой тонкокишечной непроходимости, что требует дальнейшего совершенствования метода и расширения возможностей для его ургентного использования. Цель исследования. Проанализировать роль ургентной фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии в лечебно-диагностическом алгоритме у больных с острой хирургической патологией. Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезни пациентов, госпитализированных в хирургическое отделение с подозрением на острую хирургическую абдоминальную патологию, которым по экстренным показаниям была выполнена фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопия. 377 пациентам выполнено 489 ургентных фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопий. Показанием к ургентной фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии были: подозрение или клиника острого желудочно-кишечного кровотечения — 225 (59,7 %) больных; подозрение на острую хирургическую патологию брюшной полости — 123 (32,6 %) больных; подозрение или клиника инородного тела верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта — 29 (7,7 %) больных. Результаты. У пациентов с подозрением на острое желудочно-кишечное кровотечение диагностировали неварикозное кровотечение у 171 (76 %) пациента и произвели комбинированный эндоскопический гемостаз у 61 больного. У 22 пациентов выполнена успешная эндоскопическая экстракция инородных тел пищевода. У 33 (26,8 %) больных с помощью фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии верифицировали прикрытую перфоративную язву. У 22 (17,8 %) больных были выявлены признаки сдавления извне, что у 8 больных соответствовало эндоскопическому симптому панкреатического порога (псевдопанкреатическая киста, парапанкреатический инфильтрат), а у 14 больных выявлено сдавление латеральной стенки двенадцатиперстной кишки (подпеченочный абсцесс, паравезикальный инфильтрат). В 17 % случаев с помощью фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопии была исключена острая хирургическая патология и верифицировано гастроэнтерологическое заболевание. Выводы. Ургентная фиброэзофагогастродуоденоскопия является высокоинформативным диагностическим методом, что позволяет своевременно подтвердить острую хирургическую патологию и произвести ее коррекцию.
Возрастные особенности показателей референтных значений нейронспецифической енолазы
Authors: Klygunenko O.M. , Kushch K.O.
Published: November 2018

Исследованы референтные значения нейронспецифической енолазы в разных возрастных группах. Доказано, что с возрастом нормативные показатели имеют тенденцию к снижению.
Базовые принципы профилактики когнитивных расстройств и восстановление когнитивных функций при критических состояниях
Authors: Krishtafor A.A.
Published: November 2018

Цель. На основе анализа современных научных публикаций, посвященных когнитивным расстройствам, обусловленным критическими состояниями, сформулировать базовые принципы профилактики этих нарушений и восстановление когнитивных функций в группе больных. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено с привлечением электронных библиотек, поисковых систем и репозитариев научных работ: Google Scholar, PabMed, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier, Researchgate.net, Springer, Cochrane Library, Национальная библиотека им. В.И. Вернадского, eLIBRARY.RU, Medi.ru, CYBERLENINKA.ru, mydisser.com и других. Выводы. Современное состояние изучения проблемы дает возможность сформулировать базовые принципы профилактики когнитивных расстройств и восстановления нормальной работы когнитивных функций, применение которых должно улучшить исход больных после критических состояний и качество их жизни в отдаленном периоде.
Кондиционирование потенциального донора
Authors: Andreiev S.I. , Soloviuk O.O. , Andreiev P.S.
Published: November 2018

Статья посвящена теме трансплантации органов. Представлены рекомендации о том, какую нужно получить информацию о пациенте для бригады органного донорства, и принципы лечения потенциального донора до прибытия бригады трансплантологов.
Дидактическое обоснование выбора метода обучения модуля «Неотложные состояния» при подготовке к лицензионному экзамену «Крок 3»
Authors: Klygunenko O.M. , Muryzina O.Yu.
Published: November 2018

Актуальность. Согласно определению государственного центра тестирования при МЗ Украины, профессиональная компетентность диагностируется как умение применять знания и понимание фундаментальных биомедицинских наук и основных медицинских дисциплин, которые являются важнейшими для обеспечения помощи больному под наблюдением более опытного врача. Цель: научно обосновать способы конструирования педагогического процесса у интернов всех специальностей во время практических занятий модуля «Неотложные состояния», применяя методы и приемы современной дидактики высшей медицинской школы. Материалы и методы. В основе проспективного инициативного педагогического систематического исследования представлены данные анализа практических занятий, проведенных в 2011–2018 гг. у интернов всех специальностей, учебного модуля «Неотложные состояния» при подготовке к лицензионному экзамену «Крок 3». Результаты. Особенность модуля — доминирующее место профессиональной учебной задачи в образовательной технологии «принятие врачебного решения» при оказании помощи пациенту; методическая основа — компетентностный (деятельностный) подход в обучении. Овладение содержанием модуля происходило через последовательное решение тематических задач: воспроизводящих опорные знания, «по образцу», реконструктивно-вариативных, частично поисковых. Учитывая индивидуальные учебные возможности каждого интерна, дифференцированно осуществляли учебное усложнение: сначала — умение комбинировать ранее известные знания и способы действия, в последующем — устанавливать связи между имеющимися знаниями и новыми задачами ,что способствовало усвоению мультидисциплинарного учебного материала и способов профессиональной деятельности. Педагогическую ситуацию конструировали так, чтобы интерны не получали решения в готовом виде, а через самостоятельное приобретение знаний и дальнейшую их переработку в процессе собственной учебно-познавательной деятельности обоснованно определяли решение учебной профессиональной задачи и выбор действий — врачебной компетенции. Во время практических занятий происходило преобразование исходных академических предметных знаний и теоретических умений каждого содержательного раздела модуля в интегрированное умение принять профессиональное решение в целом для обеспечения помощи больному. Выводы. Методика применения системы задач с постепенным увеличением их сложности и проблемности, использованием профессионального междисциплинарного обобщения на основе деятельностного дидактического подхода и организации педагогических условий для активной познавательной деятельности учащихся повышает качество подготовки врачей-интернов, выполняя образовательную, развивающую и воспитательную функцию.
Гипонатриемия при раке мочевого пузыря (клинический случай)
Authors: Pyakshina E.V. , Garmish O.S. , Zakharova N.V. , Rats I.G. , Krishtafor A.A.
Published: November 2018

Приведен клинический случай диагностики и лечения больного с выраженной гипонатриемией, имитирующей острый коронарный синдром с нестабильной гемодинамикой при онкоурологической патологии.
Вплив Нейромідину® на когнітивні функції і процеси нейропластичності при черепно-мозковій травмі
Authors: Hryhorova I.A. , Teslenko O.O. , Novak A.S.
Published: November 2018

Легка і середня черепно-мозкова травма (ЧМТ) — це одне з найчастіших захворювань у нейротравматології і важлива проблема сучасної охорони здоров’я усіх країн. Результати нашого дослідження дають підставу проводити пацієнтам комплексну патогенетичну профілактику і лікування виявлених когнітивних порушень уже в гострому періоді ЧМТ з метою запобігання їх прогресуванню в подальшому. Більш високий рівень мозкового гліального нейротрофічного фактора бета-NGF в сироватці крові хворих, які отримували Нейромідин®, свідчив про активний вплив препарату на стимуляцію процесів нейропластичності при травматичному пошкодженні головного мозку. Показана клінічна ефективність Нейромідину® дозволяє рекомендувати його включення в схеми стандартної терапії ЧМТ. А призначення препарату в гострому періоді ЧМТ дозволить уникнути прогресуючого порушення когнітивних функцій у подальшому.
Особливості добового рН-моніторингу стравоходу залежно від клінічної форми гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу
Authors: Pichkar Yo.I. , Sirchak Ye.S. , Stan M.P. , Oleksyk O.T.
Published: November 2018

Мета дослідження: визначити особливості добового рН-моніторингу стравоходу залежно від клінічної форми гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби у хворих на цукровий діабет (ЦД) 2-го типу. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені 82 хворі на ЦД 2-го типу з гастроезофагеальною рефлюксною хворобою. Всім хворим проведено добовий рН-моніторинг. Результати. Загальний відсоток часу, протягом якого рН у стравоході становив < 4, майже в однаковому ступені перевищував такий показник у контрольній групі (31,7 ± 2,3 % у хворих зі стравохідною формою гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби та 32,7 ± 2,9 % у хворих із позастравохідною формою проти 4,5 ± 0,3 % у контрольній групі, р < 0,01). Висновки. У хворих на ЦД 2-го типу зі стравохідною формою гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби при добовому рН-моніторингу рН < 4 у стравоході частіше відмічається при вертикальному положенні, а у хворих із позастравохідною формою — при горизонтальному. У хворих на ЦД 2-го типу зі стравохідною формою гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби порушення стравохідного рН асоціюється з кандидозним езофагітом, тоді як у хворих із позастравохідною формою — із дуоденогастральним рефлюксом (r = 0,84; р < 0,01; r = 0,71; р < 0,05 відповідно).
Роль інтерлейкіну-17 у патогенезі цукрового діабету 1-го та 2-го типу в людини
Authors: Zak K.P. , Popova V.V.
Published: November 2018

В роботі аналізуються останні публікації щодо біологічної та патогенетичної ролі недавно відкритого прозапального цитокіну ІЛ-17, що секретується клоном Th17 CD4+ Т-клітин у здорової та хворої людини. Наводяться дані, що вказують на ключову роль ІЛ-17 у патогенезі більшості автоімунних захворювань, особливо цукрового діабету (ЦД) 1-го та 2-го типу. Для хворих як із ЦД 1-го, так і з ЦД 2-го типу характерним є збільшення відсотка Th17-клітин в організмі та підвищення рівня цитокіну ІЛ-17 у крові. Крім того, у людини одночасно існує й інша субпопуляція CD4+ Т-клітин — CD4+CD25+FoxP3+-лімфоцити з супресивним впливом на Th17-клітини, що перешкоджають розвитку ЦД, яка отримала назву регуляторних клітин (Трег). На підставі цих даних висунута гіпотеза про те, що в організмі здорової людини існує баланс між цими двома субпопуляціями CD4+ Т-клітин. При ЦД розвивається дисбаланс між Th17- і Трег-клітинами в бік збільшення вмісту Th17-клітин і підвищення рівня ІЛ-17, що супроводжується сінгенним підвищенням Th1 CD4+ Т-прозапальних цитокінів. Отримання більш детальної інформації про властивості ІЛ-17 має важливе значення для розробки нових науково обґрунтованих методів профілактики та терапії ЦД та інших автоімунних захворювань у майбутньому.
Гіпоглікемія у хворих на цукровий діабет 1-го и 2-го типу: частота і фактори ризику (огляд літератури)
Authors: Ismailov S.I. , Vodovskaya A.V.
Published: November 2018

В огляді літератури розглянуті питання гіпоглікемії як обмежуючого чинника в лікуванні цукрового діабету (ЦД). Найчастіші чинники ризику гіпоглікемії у хворих на ЦД 1-го типу: рівень HbA1с, ендогенний дефіцит інсуліну, добовий розподіл доз базального інсуліну, загальна добова доза інсуліну, тривалість сну. У хворих на ЦД 2-го типу основні чинники ризику виникнення гіпоглікемій: рівень HbA1c, стать, вік, тривалість ЦД, цереброваскулярні захворювання, хвороби нирок, печінки, ішемічна хвороба серця, рак, деменція, використання інсуліну в поєднанні з препаратами сульфонілсечовини (ПСС), дозування ПСС, загальна добова доза інсуліну, тривалість сну, день тижня, інтенсивність щоденного фізичного навантаження.
Reformācija bija un ir iestāšanās par Baznīcu
Authors: Balode Dace
Published: November 2018

Reformācijas vēsture ir aktuāla visiem, kas apzinās, ka mēs esam tie, par ko mūs vēsture izveido. Kādu iespaidu luteriskā reformācija un tās rezultātā izveidojušās baznīcas atstājušas uz Latviju?
Vairāki nezināmie grāmatas nosaukumā
Authors: Pazuhina Nadežda
Published: November 2018

Vladislava Volkova grāmatas Latvijas etnisko minoritāšu identitātes vērtības: starp normatīvismu un plurālismu ([2018] Rīga : LU FSI) apskats.
Latvijas Evaņģēliski luterisko Baznīcu eklesioloģiskā pēctecība
Authors: Jēruma-Grīnberga Jāna
Published: November 2018

Abu Baznīcu pēctecība ar pirmskara LELB ir no eklesioloģiskā viedokļa jau apstiprināta, lai gan ne viena, ne otra baznīca nav identiska savā būtībā ar savu priekšteci
No konflikta uz kopību – ciktāl iespējama kopīga Baznīcas svinēšana?
Authors: Balode Dace
Published: November 2018

Teoloģiskais darbs būtu nepieciešams, lai stiprinātu konfesionālo identitāti un pašcieņu. Arī meklējot dialogu ar savas konfesijas baznīcām, vismaz luteriskās baznīcas gadījumā
Ieskats reformācijas gadsimta baznīcas mūzikā Rīgā
Authors: Kolms Vilis
Published: November 2018

Dievkalpojuma “nesēja” nu ir ne tikai garīdzniecība viena pati, kuru atbalsta vairāk vai mazāk profesionāls koris, bet gan visa draudze kopā. Ievērojams reformācijas veiksmes cēlonis
Narrativas Virtuais Juvenis: Fronteiras Fluidas
Authors: Brito Rosaly De Seixas
Published: November 2018

Baseado em pesquisa de baseantropológica com jovens urbanosda Região Metropolitana de Belém,no norte do Brasil, o artigo propõe-sea discutir a redefinição de fronteirasentre o público, o privado e o íntimonas trocas comunicativas e narrativasvirtuais juvenis nas redes sociais dainternet. Os dados de campo revelamque, diferentemente das delimitaçõesmais claras entre os âmbitos públicoe privado da vida que marcaram amodernidade, contemporaneamente oslimites entre eles tornaram-se vagose ambíguos. A vida on-line, lugar depertencimento fundamental no cotidianode jovens, em que é permanente oconvite à autoexposição, interpenetrasecom a vida off-line. Valendo-se dasformulações de Leonor Arfuch (2005)e Rosalía Winocur (2011, 2012), oartigo postula que é possível discernirdois níveis da intimidade juvenil –a intimidade pública e a intimidadeprivada. O íntimo é o não comunicável,associado ao lugar próprio, tanto físicacomo simbolicamente falando; o públicoé o que se dá a mostrar, e pode estartanto dentro como fora da casa.
"A Vida Escapa Pelos Dedos e Pelos Medos": O Discurso de Libertação dos Papéis Sociais Femininos na Série Televisiva "Os Experientes"
Authors: Mungioli Maria Cristina Palma , Dantas Sílvia Góis
Published: November 2018

A partir da discussão acerca do envelhecimento da população e da “feminização” da velhice (MOREIRA 1998; SALGADO, 2002) como parte integrante do profundo e complexo processo de transformação da identidade e da intimidade (GIDDENS, 1993, 2002), o presente artigo analisa o discurso da personagem Francisca na série televisiva Os Experientes (Globo, 2015). A análise baseia-se na teoria semiótica narrativa greimasiana a partir dos estudos de Barros (2011) e Fiorin (1996, 2007, 2011). Estudando os processos de figurativização e tematização presentes no texto, foi possível observar a construção de um discurso que aponta para a valorização de novos modelos de velhice feminina, associados à liberdade e à busca da autoidentidade.
Sociedade dos Arquivos: Temporalidade e Intersubjetividade na Cultura Contemporânea
Authors: De Castro Fábio Fonseca
Published: November 2018

O artigo discute o conceito de arquivo na sociedade midiática e hiperconectada. Parte-se do conceito de traço, usado por Derrida (1967; 1995) para referir o caráter pré-ontológico de toda significação e caminha-se em direção a uma interpretação do traço por Ricoeur (1985), em sua compreensão fenomenológica do problema da temporalidade. Com esse horizonte, procuramos pensar a intersubjetividade e o sentido do debate sobre a “coesão à vida”, feito por Dilthey (1992a; 1992b), por meio do traço. Construímos a ideia de que a experiência espaço-temporal da cultura das mídias e, por meio delas, da sociedade contemporânea, é sem referentes e pautada pelo traço: atópica e acrônica, ela é, igualmente, anarquívica. De certa maneira, essa experiência abre possibilidades para abolir a submissão do pensamento a uma ordem analógica e, assim, para reverter o estatuto logocêntrico da cultura ocidental (Derrida, 1967).
A História na teleficção: Ecos do jornal A Voz da Raça na construção da memória social
Authors: Araújo Nascimento Robéria Nádia
Published: November 2018

Este texto deriva de uma pesquisa que analisou a ressonância da ficção televisiva na valorização da religiosidade afro-brasileira e na visibilidade da pessoa negra na minissérie Tenda dos Milagres, inspirada na obra de Jorge Amado. A adaptação televisiva faz referência ao papel social do periódico A Voz da Raça, pertencente à Imprensa Negra, fundado em São Paulo nos anos de 1933. A abordagem busca demonstrar que o gênero ficcional, a partir de reconstituições históricas e dos fragmentos dos diálogos entre os personagens, pode se tornar um relevante espaço de fruição para se pensar as desigualdades raciais, as identidades coletivas (CUCHE, 2002; HALL, 2005) e os preconceitos étnico-religiosos (GOFFMAN, 1988) contribuindo para a construção da memória social (LE GOFF, 2006; POLLAK, 2000).
Memórias em disputa na cobertura do caso Snowden: A reinvenção da autoridade jornalística na era digital
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Paula Goulart , Bertol Rachel
Published: November 2018

A cobertura jornalística do caso Snowden, que vazou documentos revelando a espionagem realizada pelo governo americano, é analisada neste trabalho a partir do conceito de incidente crítico (estabelecido por Zelizer), para a reconfiguração da autoridade jornalística. A partir do confronto de narrativas de memória, os jornalistas renegociam sua autoridade e estabelecem visões dominantes da história. O caso propiciou a formação de uma “comunidade interpretativa” que recriou um ideal profissional mesclando antigos paradigmas com elementos novos das práticas nas mídias digitais. A memória, especialmente em sua dimensão coletiva, é analisada a partir de conceitos sobre arquivamento, fragmentação e globalização. O caso mostra que as conexões entre memória e jornalismo adquiriram novos significados em relação ao que se estabeleceu na Modernidade.
Por uma política de rememoração: a potência histórica no cinema de experiência pessoal
Authors: Veiga Roberta Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Pode o cinema de experiência pessoal cifrar a experiência coletiva? Movida por essa questão, propomos apontar as potências históricas e subjetivas do cinema de escrita de si, a partir das estratégias de evocação, constituição e figuração da memória. Um pequeno inventário de cineastas de referência e filmes brasileiros será traçado no sentido de investigar como, através de seus métodos, esse modo de escritura pode resistir à espetacularização do eu, e se abrir para experimentação de si através de uma tessitura temporal na qual a memória é tomada em sua relação inventiva com o esquecimento, e a história concebida em suas formas fluídas.
Editorial
Authors: Marco Roxo Beatriz Polivanov, Thaiane Oliveira e
Published: November 2018

Desejamos a todos uma boa leitura!
ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT FORMATION FROM HYPOCOTYL AND COTYLEDON EXPLANTS OF RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS Miller
Authors: SURGUN ACAR Yonca , AYAZ Özlem Baran , BÜRÜN Betül
Published: November 2018

In this study, the effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) [6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP)(0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg L-1) alone and BAP in combinations with α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)(0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 mg L-1) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)(0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 mg L-1)] on direct organogenesis from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of 4-5-week-old sterile seedlings of Liquidambar orientalis (Oriental sweetgum) were investigated. For organogenesis, the addition of BAP to the medium was required, also the combinations of BAP with NAA responded better in terms of the percentage of shoot-forming explants, the number of shoots per explant and the growth of shoots as compared to combinations of BAP with IBA. The highest average percentage of shoot formation (76.64%) was obtained from hypocotyl explants cultured on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing 0.10 mg L-1NAA + 3.0 mg L-1BAP. The highest average shoot number per explant (32.20 shoots/explant) was observed in also hypocotyl explants cultured on WPM supplemented with 0.10 mg L-1IBA + 1.00 mg L-1BAP. The combination of 0.05 mg L-1NAA + 1.0 or 2.0 mg L-1BAP was found to be appropriate for both explants.
THE NETWORK ANALYSIS OF THE DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURE OF TURKEY
Authors: KILIÇ DEPREN Serpil , GOKALP YAVUZ Fulya
Published: November 2018

Considering the effectiveness of air
transportation, the investigation of the dynamics of flight routes are having a
great attention, lately. Even several studies are conducted in a global scale,
some hubs are required more consideration in inter-city and inter-country
transportation. According to the study of [Song and Yeo], İstanbul located in
Turkey has the maximum degree centrality among 1.060 airports and maximum
betweenness centrality among the top 30 airports. In this study, we aim to see
the air transportation network structure deeply for this country depending on
its topographic characteristics. For this purpose, social network analysis is
used as an analysis method and visualization tools to describe the correlation
structure of the data. Thus, we illustrate some of the network-level and
node-level metrics in aforementioned analysis by exploring route connections
among airports. Additionally, the network maps are depicted to better
understand the air routes structure. The results indicate that İstanbul has a
huge impact among airports in terms of both domestic and international
transportation depending on the empirical data of Turkey for the year of 2014.
Classifying by countries, Germany and Cyprus has the largest connection
measurement results with Turkey.
REVIEW OF ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER FROM RECTANGULAR FIN ARRAYS
Authors: Ayli Ece , İnce Ender
Published: November 2018

Heat transfer removal
rate from surfaces is great importance in many engineering applications. For
many industrial applications like automotive, air conditioning, electronic
cooling, spacecraft and aircraft applications, internal heat generation can
cause overheating problems that may result in system failure, short machine
life, need of maintenance and low system reliability. To solve such problems
passive cooling techniques are widely used. This article summarizes an
extensive literature review of rectangular fin structures that is much-used
heat transfer enhancement technique with a high efficiency rate and a low cost.
Moreover, in this study not only solid rectangular fin structures are studied
but also inclined, perforated and staggered type rectangular fin studies are
summarized. To increase the heat transfer rates and Nusselt number
distributions, designers should optimize the parameters such as fin number, fin
shape, fin height, fin diameter and inter-fin distance ratio for all of the fin
types. In the optimization process of those components, designers should have
experience with the fin design procedure; without the necessary experience and
knowledge, instead of increasing the heat transfer rates, fin surfaces can
resist and block the incoming air flow which will affect heat transfer rate
adversely. This review is a guideline for designers presenting how rectangular
fin arrays are used to enhance heat transfer rates.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF VACUUM DRYING CHARACTERISTICS FOR MAHLAB PUREE
Authors: GÜRLEK Gökhan , ISLEROGLU Hilal
Published: November 2018

Mahlab has bitter taste,
strong aroma and high anthocyanin content and it might be used for producing
different fruit snack bars which the drying step is very important for the
manufacture. In this article, mathematical modelling of the drying of mahlab
puree in vacuum dryer at different temperatures is investigated. Thin-layer
drying processes were performed using a temperature controlled vacuum drying
oven at 50, 60 and 70°C under 50 mbar absolute pressure and the weight data
were collected at certain time intervals. The drying curves were fitted to
eight different drying models. In this curve fitting, nonlinear regression
analysis was used to evaluate the parameters of the selected models.
Additionally, effective diffusion coefficient was obtained from diffusion model
of Fick and the activation energy was determined using Arrhenius equation.
According to statistical analysis results for three drying temperatures,
Midilli et al. drying model has shown a better fit to the experimental drying
data of mahlab puree. The effective diffusion coefficients were found as
1.71x10-10, 6.21x10-10 and 8.64x10-10 m2/s
at 50, 60, and 70oC, respectively. The activation energy that
expresses the temperature dependency of the diffusion coefficients was
calculated as 75.2 kJ/mol.
A STUDY ON ENERGY PRODUCTION AND GHG MITIGATION POTENTIAL FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE OF EDİRNE
Authors: ÖZER Betül
Published: November 2018

Solid waste originated problems are one of the
major environmental problems in Turkey. The Ministry of Environment and Urban
Planning in The Republic of Turkey foresees a solution with the Regional Solid
Waste Disposal Facilities over the associations that will be formed by more
than one municipality. In this context, Edirne Solid Waste Management
Association (EDİKAB) was established in order to realize waste management at
regional level. In this study, the application example of EDİKAB solid waste
disposal plant is evaluated. The amount of waste to be collected for the years
2020 and 2045 in the region is calculated as 94,665 tons/year and 274,497 tons/
year, respectively. Solid wastes to be disposed of are classified as packing
wastes to be recovered, organic wastes to be composted and wastes to be
landfilled. Packaging waste will be collected separately, classified and baled
in sorting plant. Landfill gas production is calculated 3.8 million m3/year and
15 million m3/year for 2020 and 2045, respectively. EDİKAB case study
represents up to 90% of GHG emission reduction can be achievable in case of
converting LFG into electricity, by producing 7288; 13384 and 28673 MWh
cumulative electricity from 2016 to 2020, 2030 and 2045, respectively.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT BODIPY DYES AS PHOTOSENSITIZER IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus TREATMENT
Authors: BORAN Rukiye , PAMUK ALGI Melek , UGUR Aysel
Published: November 2018

The
antibiotic period is now ending and the probability of discovering new classes
of antibiotics is considerably low. It is required to find out alternative
antimicrobial technologies that bacteria will not be able to develop
resistance, and that will be equally effective regardless of the current
resistance situation. In this regard, we investigated antimicrobial
photodynamic inactivation effects of three boradiazaindacenes
(BODIPYs) 1‒3 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA). BODIPYs 1‒3 with different substituents (-NMe2,
NO2 and -Br, respectively) at the meso position were synthesized. The photodynamic inactivation effects of BODIPYs 1‒3 were tested against one broad spectrum antibiotic resistant bacterial
model strain, a
clinically described MRSA. In
particular BODIPY 2 was found more effective when compared to the others at 25,
50 and 100 nM concentrations. BODIPYs 1‒3 did not show any toxic effect in the dark at given concentrations. In
addition, a high degree of photodynamic inactivation were detected with 2 and 3 by irradiation at 6.66 ‒ 8.88 J/cm2 light doses, while the efficiency of 1 was not
significantly affected from illumination times. The results indicate that BODIPYs, especially nitro
group BODIPY 2, can be used in the photodynamic inactivation of MRSA at
nanomolar concentrations and low energy doses.
FIRST-PERSON USER GAME SOFTWARE DESIGNING BASED ON RULE-BASED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUE
Authors: TARIMER İlhan , ŞEN Ömercan
Published: November 2018

In this study, a game
designing based on rule-based artificial intelligence on a 3-D game engine has
been developed. In the existing computer games in which artificial intelligence
is not used, it is seen that a fixed story is used. Since as a novelty
rule-based artificial intelligence is used in this game, the story of the game
has been dynamically defined based on artificial intelligence, different story
combinations have been created within the developed game. The design of the
game has been edited according to the possible actions of the user. A main rule
has been set in the content, this rule has been applied by artificial
intelligence, the animations and the existing rule-based artificial
intelligence technique have been run in the process. The important difference
of this game in which the rule-based artificial intelligence technique is used
is revealing of story dynamically, and the progressing of game that depends on
the first-person user (FPU).
SEASONAL VARIATION of the SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE for the PROVINCE of MUĞLA
Authors: EKE Rüştü , KABAKÇI Murat
Published: November 2018

Calculation of the
amount of energy from the sun as the energy source of the world is very
important in terms of determining the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems.
At air mass zero solar spectral irradiance values have received a great deal of
attention in recent years and are given in the wavelength range 0.2-4.0
µm.  The amount of incoming sunlight can
be calculated with different mathematical models. In this study, a mathematical
modelling using SPCTRL 2 program will be discussed. The model has many
variables in determining the quantity of sunlight coming in the atmosphere.
With this model, the amount of solar energy falling on any on spot on the
Earth’s surface can be calculated and graphically modelled. In this study,
direct, indirect and total (global) solar energy amounts coming from horizontal
and sloping surfaces for Mugla were calculated depending on the wavelength.
Horizontal and 30° inclined surfaces were calculated separately for winter,
spring, summer and autumn seasons for Muğla Province. As
a result, the amount of solar radiance for Muğla province was determined by
mathematical modelling and the general conditions for the establishment of
suitable photovoltaic system were determined.
IMPORTANCE OF SOME METALLOIDS IN BIOLOGICAL LIFE
Authors: SEZER Merve , DİBEK Esra , ÇÖL Bekir
Published: November 2018

Metalloids have vital
importance for some organisms. The particular relationship between the
metalloid and specific biological functions should be investigated further,
though there are somewhat limited scientific studies on the subject. Among the
roles of this specific class of chemical elements, silicon, for instance, plays
an important role in the formation of valve structures in diatoms. Boron is an
essential element for plants and known to be toxic for living cells when
present above a certain threshold. Arsenic and antimony are toxic metalloid
elements in numerous respects. Therefore, the cells have developed biochemical
and molecular strategies to protect and escape from these metalloids. Another
metalloid, germanium, is one of the rare elements and although its inorganic
form is toxic, its organic form is used to treat many diseases. Studies have
shown that there is a high proportion of Germanium metalloid in the structure
of Ganoderma lucidum used in the treatment of some diseases. In addition,
tellurium-containing proteins were found in the structure of some
tellurium-resistant fungi. Thus, considering all this information collectively reflects
the significance of the metalloids in biological life. The aim of this study is
to present the importance and roles of some metalloids in biological life.
ESTIMATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR EXCITATION CURRENT USING MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL OPTIMIZED BY SYMBIOTIC ORGANISMS SEARCH ALGORITHM
Authors: ÇELİK Emre
Published: November 2018

In this paper, an effective and simpler means of estimating the excitation current of a synchronous motor (SM) is presented for power factor correction task. First, a multiple linear regression model with four predictor variables such as motor load current, actual power factor, power factor error and excitation current change is formed to estimate the SM excitation current. Then, recently introduced symbiotic organisms search (SOS) algorithm is employed in the hope of searching better values of regression coefficients in that model using the data collected from the prepared experimental setup. The supremacy of SOS over some recently published algorithms such as genetic algorithm, artificial bee colony and gravitational search algorithm is widelyattested through comparative computer simulations for the similar compensation system. The results exhibited in this article show that the proposed SOS algorithm outperforms the other reported popular algorithms from the aspects of simplicity, robustness and accuracy. In view of this, the suggested tuning of regression coefficients of the multiple linear regression model yields a better estimating performance of SM excitation current than the earlier studies.
Connected domination game
Authors: Borowiecki Mieczysław , Fiedorowicz Anna , Sidorowicz Elżbieta
Published: November 2018

In this paper we introduce a domination game based on the notion of connected domination. Let G = (V,E) be a connected graph of order at least 2. We define a connected domination game on G as follows: The game is played by two players, Dominator and Staller. The players alternate taking turns choosing a vertex of G (Dominator starts). A move of a player by choosing a vertex v is legal, if (1) the vertex v dominates at least one additional vertex that was not dominated by the set of previously chosen vertices and (2) the set of all chosen vertices induces a connected subgraph of G. The game ends when none of the players has a legal move (i.e., G is dominated). The aim of Dominator is to finish as soon as possible, Staller has an opposite aim. Let D be the set of played vertices obtained at the end of the connected domination game (D is a connected dominating set of G). The connected game domination number of G, denoted cg(G), is the minimum cardinality of D, when both players played optimally on G. We provide an upper bound on cg(G) in terms of the connected domination number. We also give a tight upper bound on this parameter for the class of 2-trees. Next, we investigate the Cartesian product of a complete graph and a tree, and we give exact values of the connected game domination number for such a product, when the tree is a path or a star. We also consider some variants of the game, in particular, a Staller-start game.
Hypernear-rings with a defect of distributivity
Authors: Jancic-Rasovic Sanja , Cristea Irina
Published: November 2018

Since in a near-ring the distributivity holds just on one side (left or
right), it seems naturally to study the behaviour and properties of the set
of elements that ?correct? the lack of distributivity, in other words that
elements that assure the validity of the distributivity. The normal subgroup
of the additive structure of a near-ring generated by these elements is
called a defect of distributivity of the near-ring. The purpose of this note
is to initiate the study of the hypernear-rings (generalizations of
near-rings, having the additive part a quasicanonical hypergroup) with a
defect of distributivity, making a comparison with similar properties known
for near-rings.
Simplified constructions of almost peripheral graphs and improved embeddings into them
Authors: Klavzar Sandi , Narayankar Kishori , Narayankar Srishti , Shubhalakshmi D.
Published: November 2018

The center and the periphery of a graph are the sets of vertices with minimum
and maximum eccentricity, respectively. A graph is called almost peripheral
(AP) if all its vertices but one lie in the periphery. The r-AP index APr(G)
of a graph G is the smallest number of vertices needed to add to G to obtain
an r-AP graph in which G lies as an induced subgraph. In this paper new,
simplified constructions of AP graphs are presented. It is proved that if r ?
2 and n ? 2, then APr(Kn) ? 4r-3. Moreover, if G is not complete and has at
least three vertices, then APr(G) ? 4r-4. In this way the previously best
know bound APr(G) ? 4r-2 is improved.
Multivalued φ contractions and fixed point theorems
Authors: Samreen Maria , Waheed Khansa , Kiran Quanita
Published: November 2018

In this paper we establish some fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings
satisfying contractive condition involving gauge function when the
underlying primary structure is b-metric space. Our proposed iterative
scheme converges to the fixed point with higher order. Moreover, we also
calculate priori and posteriori estimates for the fixed point. Our main
results generalize/extend many perexisting results in literature.
Consequently, to substantiate the validity of our result we obtain an
existence result for the solution of integral inclusion.
On the (b,c)-inverse in rings
Authors: Mosic Dijana , Zou Honglin , Chen Jianlong
Published: November 2018

We present new characterizations for the existence of the (b,c)-inverse in a
ring. The set of all (b,c)-invertible elements is described too. Necessary
and sufficient conditions which ensure that the (b,c)-inverse of a given
element commutes with that element are investigated. As an application of
these results, we obtain new characterizations for the existence of the
image-kernel (p,q)-inverse.
On generalized classes of exponential distribution using T-X family framework
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Alzaatreh Ayman , Cordeiro Gauss , Tahir M.H. , Mansoor Muhammad
Published: November 2018

We introduce new generalized classes of exponential distribution, called
T-exponential {Y} class using the quantile functions of well-known
distributions. We derive some general mathematical properties of this class
including explicit expressions for the quantile function, Shannon entropy,
moments and mean deviations. Some generalized exponential families are
investigated. The shapes of the models in these families can be symmetric,
left-skewed, right-skewed and reversed-J, and the hazard rate can be
increasing, decreasing, bathtub, upside-down bathtub, J and reverse-J
shaped. Two real data sets are used to illustrate the applicability of the
new models.
Bernstein polynomials method and it’s error analysis for solving nonlinear problems in the calculus of variations: Convergence analysis via residual function
Authors: Bataineh Ahmad
Published: November 2018

In this paper, Bernstein polynomials method (BPM) and their operational
matrices are adopted to obtain approximate analytical solutions of
variational problems. The operational matrix of differentiation is introduced
and utilized to reduce the calculus of variations problems to the solution
of system of algebraic equations. The solutions are obtained in the form of
rapidly convergent finite series with easily computable terms. Comparison
between the present method and the homotopy perturbation method (HPM), the
non-polynomial spline method and the B-spline collocation method are made to
show the effectiveness and efficiency for obtaining approximate solutions of
the calculus of variations problems. Moreover, convergence analysis based on
residual function is investigated to verified the numerical results.
Another approach of Morrey estimate for linear elliptic equations with partially BMO coefficients in a half space
Authors: Tian Hong , Zheng Shenzhou
Published: November 2018

Making use of an elementary approach instead of the weighted Lp estimate with
a special weight, we prove global Morrey estimates of the weak derivatives
to the Dirichlet problems of linear elliptic equations with small partially
BMO coefficients in a half space. Here, the leading coefficients aij(x) are
assumed to be merely measurable in one variable, and have small BMO in the
remaining spatial variables.
The effect of toasted Adenanthera pavonina seed meal on haematology and blood chemistry of finisher broiler chickens
Authors: Ukpabi Ugochukwu , Mbachu Chinwendu , Chikwem Ikechukwu
Published: November 2018

The effect of graded levels of toasted Adenanthera pavonina seed meal (TAPSM)
on haematological and biochemical indices of finisher broiler chickens was
investigated in a five-week feeding trial with 84 (5-week old) broilers
divided into four groups of 21 birds per group. Each group had three
replicates of 7 birds. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 0,
10, 20 and 30% TAPSM, represented as T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Birds
were allocated to the four diets in a completely randomized design and
housed in a deep litter pen. Feed and water were offered to birds ad
libitum. Haematological parameters showed a significant (P<0.05) decreasing
trend in haemoglobin (10.20, 9.03, 8.60 and 7.63 g/dl), packed cell volume
(28.33, 26.10, 25.60 and 25.20%), total red blood cell (4.23, 4.00, 3.99 and
3.99 ?106/?l), mean corpuscular volume (66.97, 65.25, 64.16 and 63.15 fl),
mean corpuscular haemoglobin (24.11, 22.57, 21.55 and 19.12pg) and mean
corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (35.66, 34.59, 33.59 and 30.27%) with
an increase in the level of TAPSM in the diets. Total white blood cells
(71.76, 73.40, 75.07 and 76.17 ?103/?l) increased significantly (P<0.05) as
the TAPSM level increased. The other values were as follows: urea (4.00,
5.00, 6.67 and 10.00mg/dl), creatinine (0.33, 0.25, 0.43 and 0.46mg/dl),
cholesterol (149.67, 135.67, 113.67 and 102.67 mg/dl), total protein (3.33,
3.43, 2.97 and 2.50mg/dl), glucose (146.14, 208.49, 179.66 and 135.33
mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase (105.65, 111.2, 132.67 and 145.00 iu/l) and
aspartate transaminase (68.68, 70.00, 78.00 and 85.67 iu/l). In conclusion,
10% TAPSM in broiler diets most favourably influenced haematological and
biochemical parameters.
A comparative study on the nutritional and microbial safety of fresh ‘Wara’ hawked in Ilorin and Ogbomoso towns
Authors: Dauda Adegbola , Abiodun Olufunmilola , Oyeyinka Samson , Afolabi Abimbola
Published: November 2018

Malnutrition resulting from low protein intake is one of the nutritional
problems facing most developing countries including Nigeria. Most
proteinaceous food sources are costly and in short supply. ?Wara? is a
proteinaceous ready to eat food product made by curdling milk. It does not
normally undergo any further safety treatments before consumption. Frequent
hawking on our major streets and roads calls for determination of the safety
of these products. ?Wara? samples sourced from four different locations each
at Ilorin, Kwara State and at Ogbomoso, Oyo State respectively, were
analysed for nutritional and microbial safety. Proximate composition of the
samples over the period of storage showed that moisture content and
carbohydrates increased from 59.69% to 72.00% and from 2.39% to 11.39%
respectively, while protein, fat and ash contents reduced from 22.20% to
10.80%, 15.80% to 3.62% and from 2.99% to 0.25%, respectively. Microbial and
fungal counts ranged from 2.0 X 102cfu to 6.3 X 105cfu and from 2.0 X 102cfu
to 7.1 X 105 cfu, respectively. Klebsiellaand Salmonella species,
Escherichia coli and some fungiwere isolated. The study revealed that some
of the hawked cheeses were not safe for consumption. Attributable reasons
were unhygienic practices of the hawkers or producers and/or lack of
requisite preservatives.
The effect of cropping pattern on the profitability of liquid fertilizer usage in dry season vegetable production in the Southern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria
Authors: Olaghere Ivie , Omotesho Olubunmi , Muhammad-Lawal Abdulazeez
Published: November 2018

Liquid fertilizers in dry season vegetable production are applied using
different cropping patterns with little or no empirical evidence on which
pattern is the most profitable. This study, therefore, investigated the
effect of cropping patterns on the profitability of liquid fertilizer usage
in dry season vegetable production. Specifically, the study identified the
various vegetable enterprises, assessed the inputs and outputs of the
different vegetable enterprises and estimated the profitability of the
vegetable enterprises. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was used to
select 309 farmers in the Southern Guinea Savannah zone. Pretested and
structured interview schedules were used for data collection. Descriptive
statistics and partial budgeting techniques were used for data analysis.
Twelve different vegetable enterprises were identified in the study. Sixty
percent of users of liquid fertilizer cultivated only fruit vegetables such
as okra and peppers. The usage of the combination of both liquid and
non-liquid fertilizers in mixed vegetable production yielded the highest
quantity of output of about 1374kg/ha. However, usage of sole liquid
fertilizer on exotic vegetables gave the highest profitability of 323
percent on the rate of return to capital investment. The study has concluded
that the use of liquid fertilizer increases profitability and therefore
recommends the formulation and implementation of policies that will
encourage liquid fertilizer usage among the farmers.
Kurum Mükellefiyeti Tesis Ettirmiş Adi Ortaklıklar (İş Ortaklıkları) ve Bu Ortaklıklarda Tasfiye ve Kar Payının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Karahan Gökmen Mehpare , Özdemir Fevzi Serkan
Published: November 2018

Adi ortaklıklar, tanımsal olarak,
sahibinden ayrı bir varlığı ve kişiliği haiz olmayan işletme biçimi olarak
ifade edilebilirler. Bu ortaklıklar, özel hukuk hükümleri açısından esas
itibariyle Borçlar Kanununun 620. ve müteakip maddelerindeki hükümlere tabidirler.
Kanunun ilgili maddesinde; iki ya da daha fazla kişinin emeklerini ve mallarını
ortak bir amaca erişmek üzere birleştirmeyi üstlendikleri sözleşmeler, adi
ortaklık sözleşmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. İş ortaklıkları da esasen özel bir
adi ortaklık türü olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Ancak iş ortaklıklarının adi
ortaklığa getirdiği özellik; Kurumlar Vergisi Kanunu (KVK)’na göre iş
ortaklığının kendisine has bir “kurum statüsü” tesis edilebilmesidir. Yani bir
adi ortaklığın iş ortaklığı olabilmesinin yolu, ancak söz konusu ortaklığın
ayrıca kurum mükellefiyeti tesis ettirmesine bağlı olduğundan adi ortaklık ve
iş ortaklığını birbirinden ayıran asli unsurun kurum mükellefiyeti olduğu ifade
edilebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da hukuki statüleri de dikkate alınarak özel
bir adi ortaklık türü olan iş ortaklıkları ile ilgili genel bilgilere ve
özellikli durumlara yer vermenin ötesinde, kurum mükellefiyeti tesis edip
etmediklerine göre, kar dağıtımı ve tasfiye gibi konularda şirketlerin nasıl
değerlendirilmesi gerektiği hususunu; başka bir ifadeyle Kurumlar Vergisi ve
Borçlar Kanunu karşısındaki hak ve ödevlerini değerlendirmektir.
Tarımsal Teşviklerle Tarımsal Katma Değer Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Yeni Endüstrileşen Ülkeler İçin Panel Eşanlı Denklemler Sistemi Analizi
Authors: Akyol Mehmet
Published: November 2018

Günümüzde
tarım sektörü eskiden olduğu gibi hem azgelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler hem
de gelişmiş ülke hükümetleri tarafından çeşitli şekillerde sağlanan
teşviklerden yararlanmaktadır. Söz konusu teşviklerin geri planında sektörün
korunması ve geliştirilmesi en önemli faktörlerin başında yer almaktadır. Diğer
yandan tarım sektörünün ulusların varlığının devam etmesinde stratejik bir
öneme sahip olması sektöre sunulan teşviklerin gerekliliğini bir kat daha
arttırmaktadır. Çalışmada 2000-2016 yılları arasında yeni endüstrileşen ülkeler
grubuna dahil olan 5 ülkenin (Türkiye, Güney Afrika, Meksika, Çin ve Brezilya)
tarımsal teşvikler ve tarımsal katma değer arasındaki ilişkisi analiz
edilmiştir. Analizde Panel veri eşanlı denklemler sisteminden yararlanılmıştır.
Kurulan eşanlı denklemler sistemi yardımıyla tarımsal teşvikler ve tarımsal
katma değer arasındaki karşılıklı ilişki ortaya konulmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına
göre tarımsal teşviklerde meydana gelen artış tarımsal katma değer üzerinde
pozitif ve olumlu bir etki meydana getirmektedir.