bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histología del tracto reproductor masculino del chinche depredador Zelus longipes (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)
Authors: Araújo Vinícius Albano , Bacca Tito , Dias Lucimar Gomes
Published: April 2021

Reduviidae incluye el mayor número de especies de depredadores terrestres del Orden Hemiptera, incluyendo depredadores de potenciales plagas en los agroecosistemas. A pesar de la gran cantidad de estudios sobre la taxonomía y morfología del grupo, su filogenia y estrategias reproductivas aún no han sido totalmente dilucidadas. En este trabajo, la histología del tracto reproductivo masculino de Zelus longipes fue descrita con el objetivo de incrementar las fuentes de caracteres para estudios de biología reproductiva del grupo. Para esto fueron utilizadas técnicas de microscopia de luz. Los machos adultos fueron recolectados directamente en un cultivo de maíz, en el municipio de Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais. El sistema reproductor está compuesto por dos testículos, cada uno con siete folículos con quistes en diferentes fases del espermatogénesis, vasos deferentes, vesículas seminales, glándulas accesorias pareadas y lobadas en un ducto eyaculatorio. Cuando los espermatozoides están maduros salen de los testículos agrupados en haces y quedan almacenados en las vesículas seminales. Las glándulas accesorias producen diferentes tipos de secreciones que se unen al esperma para formar el semen. Los conductos deferentes fluyen hacia un solo conducto eyaculador.
Mammal remains in Tyto furcata (Tytonidae: Strigiformes) pellets from Serra do Amolar, Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Brandão de Oliveira Marcus Vinicius
Published: April 2021

Tyto furcata pellets provide important ecological data on its diet, as well as on the preyed mammals. The present study furnishes data on the diet of T. furcata in a Pantanal area, including records of rare mammals species and a variety of preys with different habits, furnishing evidence of the owl foraging areas.
Pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis: modern ways of solving the problem
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Gorbunova O.V. , Goncharuk N.P. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zarichanska H.V. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Ermolovich N.A. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis is accompanied by a high risk of obstetric and perinatal complications. Therefore, bacterial vaginosis must be treated in pregnant women. Screening and therapy are performed at the beginning of the II or III trimester of pregnancy. The survival of colonies of pathogenic microorganisms in biofilms is significantly increased, so they can remain viable even at high concentrations of antiseptic. The main advantage of using local combined antiseptic agents is the ability to achieve the maximum concentration of the antibiotic exactly in the place of the greatest accumulation of pathogens with the ability to influence biofilms. The objective: was to compare the efficacy and safety of various regimens of therapy with topical combined drugs (Lynda and Meratin Combi) in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis. Materials and methods. The biocenosis of the vagina was investigated in 351 pregnant women in the II trimester. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was established if the patient had any three of the Amsel criteria. Results. Microbiological screening of the vaginal biocenosis in the II trimester of pregnancy showed that normocenosis among the surveyed was 18.5%; bacterial vaginosis – 31.6%; vulvovaginal candidiasis – 26.5%; aerobic vaginitis – 22.8%, trichomonas vaginitis – 0.6%. Against the background of bacterial vaginosis, the threat of miscarriage, placental dysfunction occurred 6 times more often, anemia and preeclampsia three times more often, gestational pyelonephritis twice more often than in healthy pregnant women. In most patients, the sensitivity of the vaginal microflora to metronidazole and ornidazole is the same, but depends on the dose of the antiseptic, the sensitivity to miconazole was almost twice as high as to nystatin. This confirms the need for a differentiated selection of antiseptics for local therapy of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy. Conclusion. A more rapid dynamics of the disappearance of the main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis and the normalization of the pH of the vaginal secretion were noted after the use of the drug Limenda. In order to prevent relapse of the disease, it is necessary to carry out the second stage of treatment with probiotics to restore its own lactoflora. Keywords: screening of vaginal biocenosis in the II trimester of pregnancy; complications of pregnancy against the background of bacterial vaginosis; treating bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy; biofilms; sensitivity of the vaginal microflora to antiseptics; topical treatment of bacterial vaginosis; Limenda; Meratin Kombi.
Fetal macrosomia: obstetrical, psychological and social aspects
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Zhuk S.I. , Shchurevska O.D. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

One of the main markers of socially unfavorable pregnancy is anthropometric indicators of newborns. They reflect not only the narrow medical problems of complicated gestation but also social problems in general, the quality and access to the medical care. The objective: to determine the risk factors for fetal macrosomia in pregnancy with high levels of psychosocial stress. Materials and methods. The course of pregnancy and childbirth, demographic and medical risk factors for a fetal macrosomia were analyzed in 140 pregnant women with different levels of psychosocial stress. They were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) – 56 women-forced migrants from Luhansk and Donetsk regions, 2 group – 84 women with low and moderate level stress according to the questionnaires and psychological tests (L. Reeder, Spielberg–Khanin scale). Results. Gestational diabetes was the main reason for the birth of heavy children in both groups. Women–forced migrants had late manifestation of impaired tolerance to carbohydrates and a higher frequency of pathological weight gain. Male neonates are at risk for macrosomia. Childbirth in women with macrosomia is accompanied by a high frequency of complications and abnormal births. Conclusions. The frequency of births of macrosomic children in women - forced migrants is higher than in women at low risk of psychosocial stress. Risk factors in this group of pregnants include: the level of stress and behavioral responses to stress, impaired carbohydrate tolerance due to gestational diabetes, abnormal weight gain due to malnutrition and male sex of the fetus. Keywords: macrosomia, pregnancy, childbirth, women–forced migrants psychosocial stress, gestational diabetes, weight gain.
Modern view of the problem of recurrent hyperplastic processes of the endometrium
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Tolstanova G.O.
Published: April 2021

A review of current data on the problem of recurrent endometrial hyperplasia, presented in modern domestic and foreign literature, its place in the structure of gynecological morbidity, the impact on reducing fertility among women of childbearing age and the growth of cancer. The issues of existing classifications, their relevance and ease of use are considered. The main etiological factors and clinical and anamnestic factors of endometrial hyperplastic processes, prognostic influence of urogenital infections on endometrial pathology are highlighted. Possible mechanisms of pathogenesis are described, including disturbances of hormonal regulation, factors of local humoral and cellular immunity and molecular mechanisms of cellular regulation. The important role of biomolecular markers in the pathogenesis of hyperplastic processes and the correspondence of their degree of activity to morphological changes of the endometrium, because understanding the basics of induction of cell growth, especially in tumor tissue transformation, is an integral part of a competent approach to the management of patients with hyperplasia. The role of genetic research to assess the risk of malignancy and, accordingly, the choice of conservative or operative treatment tactics is considered. Modern morphometric diagnostic criteria are presented. Emphasis is placed on the need to collect endometrial biopsies under the control of a hysteroscope as the gold standard in the diagnosis of endometrial conditions. A separate role in the diagnosis at the present stage is given to immunohistochemical method; conducting not only histological examination of the removed endometrium, but also its receptor activity provides the ability to select the necessary pharmacological correction and predict the development of neoplastic changes. Variants of hormone therapy schemes of endometrial hyperplastic processes are described, and the order of their appointment, depending on the woman’s reproductive plans, concomitant diseases, age and constitutional features. Particular attention is paid to women with metabolic syndrome and the feasibility of including the correction of metabolic disorders in the treatment of such patients. The duration and frequency of observation of women during treatment are indicated. The presented data demonstrate the lack of a clear algorithm in the tactics of diagnosis and treatment of recurrent hyperplastic processes, which determines the relevance of in-depth scientific study in this area. Keywords: endometrial hyperplasia, recurrence, hysteroscopy, endometrial receptors
Reproductive health disorders in patients with female genital tract malformations
Authors:   Lviv national medical University named Danylo Galitsky, Veresniuk N. , Pyrohova V. ,   Lviv national medical University named Danylo Galitsky
Published: April 2021

Female genital tract malformations are often a challenge not only for obstetricians and gynecologists, but also for doctors of other specialties. This pathology often leads to negative obstetric and perinatal consequences, the emergence of gynecological complications that significantly impair the quality of life of patients at different ages. The incidence of female genital abnormalities in the general female population ranges from 5.5 to 6.7% and is on average three times higher among patients with reproductive health disorders. The objective: to assess the frequency of reproductive disorders and determine the sequence of use of clinical and instrumental methods of examination in patients with female genital tract malformations. Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective assessment of the relationship between menstrual disorders and the presence of female genital tract malformations. We observed 124 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of female genital tract malformations. The age of women ranged from 22 to 42 years. The diagnosis was based on complaints, medical history and life, as well as data from clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations. Results. The mean age of patients was 29.2±3.8 years. From the moment of the patient’s first visit to the gynecologist until the final verification of the diagnosis took from 6 months to 7 years. Dysmenorrhea occurred in 70.2% of patients with abnormalities in the development of the female genital organs, late menarche – in 12.1%, primary / secondary amenorrhea – in 11.3%, irregular menstrual cycle – in 9.7%, violation of the menstrual cycle – at 28.2%. The combination of female genital tract malformations with various defects of the urinary system occurred in 24 (19.4%) women. Conclusion. In 81.2% of patients from adolescence there were clinical manifestations associated with female genital tract malformations. Screening ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs and gynecological examination is shown to all girls aged 15 years. It is advisable to determine the karyotype in patients with primary / secondary amenorrhea. Renal ultrasound should be performed in all patients with suspected female genital tract malformations. In case of suspicion of ultrasound examination for abnormal development of the female genitals, patients before sexual intercourse are recommended to perform MRI examination; in the presence of sexual life with a preserved menstrual cycle, it is advisable in the second phase of the cycle to conduct transvaginal 3D ultrasound, which can be supplemented by MRI. Keywords: genital abnormalities, dysmenorrhea, menstrual function.
Features of hormonal and cytokine status in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Kovalishin O.A.
Published: April 2021

Deviations in the formation of reproductive function, and subsequently menstrual irregularities from the age of menarche, ovarian dysfunction and steroidogenesis disorders can be clinically manifested in remote periods after their direct action. The nature and depth of morphofunctional disorders in this case depends on the degree of maturity of the reproductive system, the initial functional state of the regulation centers (hypothalamus, pituitary gland) and ovaries, and the duration of the action of adverse factors. The accumulated specific research experience indicates that in addition to the pituitary gonadotropin hormones, cytokines (interleukins), which can simulate ovarian function and play an important role in ovulation, are of great importance in the normal functioning of the ovaries. The objective: аccording to laboratory and instrumental methods of research, to study the characteristics of hormonal status and the relationship of ovarian hormones with interleukins (IL) in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty. Materials and methods. According to the nature of the violations, the main group of women (n=90) who had a pathology of menstrual function in the puberty period was divided into 3 subgroups (n=30): the first – women with primary oligomenorrhea in the anamnesis, the second – with a late age menarche, the third – with puberty bleeding. The control group included women (n=30) with the correct rhythm of menstruation in puberty. Results. A clinical study found a decrease in the concentration of progesterone in women with a history of primary oligomenorrhea, a decrease in estradiol in the preovulatory period in women with late menarche. When assessing the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone in the subgroups, an increase was noted in patients with puberty bleeding compared with the control group, due to the low level of antimuller hormone in the blood serum. The correlation between the indicators of these hormones and interleukins (IL-4, IL-8) indicates the influence of cytokines on folliculogenesis and the formation of the corpus luteum. Ovarian reserve parameters are not reduced. Conclusion. An analysis of the hormonal and cytokine status in women with menstrual dysfunction in the puberty allows us to draw an analogy between the processes of ovulation and the inflammatory response. The cytokines produced by certain immune cells are signaling molecules that affect cell proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cells, folliculogenesis, hormone secretion and thus play an important role in ovulation. Therefore, the immune system may be an additional local regulator of ovarian function. Estradiol and progesterone are of great importance in the secretory transformation of the endometrium, especially during the «implantation window». Keywords: puberty, menarche, oligomenorrhea, pubertal bleeding, folliculogenesis, progesterone, estradiol, interleukins, pituitary gland, anti-varial antibodies.
A modern view on cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by bacterial vaginosis asocated bacteria and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida (Literature review and own data)
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Nosenko O.M.
Published: April 2021

The article presents modern literature data on the definition and etiopathogenesis of cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by opportunistic microflora, as well as own data of a comparative study of the effectiveness of treatment of symptomatic cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by a combination of bacterial vaginosis associated microorganisms and fungi of the genus Candida, using combined drugs containing ternidazole, neomycin, nystatin and prednisolone Na-metasulfobenzoate salt (Terzhinan®) or metronidazole and miconazole. The objective: comparing the effectiveness of treatment of symptomatic cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by a combination of vaginally associated microorganisms and fungi of the genus Candida, using combined drugs containing ternidazole, neomycin, nystatin and salts of Na-metasulfonobenzoate prednisolone or metoconazole. Materials and methods. The study included 107 women of reproductive age with symptomatic mixed cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by a combination of bacterial vaginosis associated microorganisms and fungi of the genus Candida, and 30 conditionally gynecologically and somatically healthy control subjects with cervicovaginal eubiosis. Blindly examined women with cervicovaginal dysbiosis were divided into two groups: the main group – 56 patients treated with intravaginal tablets Terzhinan®, the comparison group – 51 women who used vaginal suppositories containing metronidazole and miconazole. The dynamics of clinical data and the state of the cervicovaginal microbiota were evaluated by PCR before the start, one and three months after the end of treatment. Results. An open comparative analysis showed that with topical therapy with Terzhinan® vaginal tablets a month after the end of treatment, a positive clinical effect was observed in 89.29% of women and a microbiological effect in 91.07% of patients, after three months – in 85.71% and in 89.29% of patients, respectively, whereas with topical therapy with vaginal suppositories containing 750 mg of metronidazole and 200 mg of miconazole, respectively, one month after the end of treatment – in 68.73% and 72.55% of cases and after three months – in 62, 75% and 66.67% of cases. Conclusion. Topical monotherapy with Terzhinan® vaginal tablets in comparison with vaginal suppositories containing metronidazole and miconazole demonstrates the clinical and microbiological advantages of Terzhinan® in the treatment of cervicovaginal dysbiosis caused by bacterial vaginosis associated microflora and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. Keywords: cervicovaginal microbiota, cervicovaginal dysbiosis, opportunistic microorganisms, bacterial vaginosis associated microorganisms, yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida, Terzhinan®, vaginal suppositories with metronidazole and miconazole, clinical efficacy, microbiological efficacy, safety, long-term results.
Role of vitamin D on risks of breast cancer (Review)
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Samusieva A.A. , Ponomarova O.V. ,   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Kyiv City Clinical Oncological Center, Zaichuk V.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Vitamin D is vitamin from the group of fat-soluble vitamins and is involved in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Recently, more and more studies are about the effect of vitamin D on the various diseases, such as diabetes, breast cancer, colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. There are a number of mechanisms by which vitamin D can influence the cancer. Such mechanisms include: induction of apoptosis, stimulation of cell differentiation, antiinflammatory and antiproliferative effects and inhibition of angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Speaking separately about breast cancer, it should be noted that the presence of vitamin D receptors in breast tissue was described in the early 1980s. Currently, the relationship between vitamin D status and the risk of developing breast cancer is still mixed. Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with breast cancer, and some evidence suggests that low levels of vitamin D increase the risk of developing or progressing the disease. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, despite the fact that a number of molecular subtypes of breast cancer have known targets for therapy, for the most aggressive tumors, molecular targets have not yet been determined. In this regard, the priority have research which study predictors of breast cancer and potential targets for therapy. Among the many factors that influence the risks of breast cancer, less than half of them can be modified. This makes them more valuable for practical medicine, but requires more detailed study. The article presents a review of publications devoted to the study of the effect of vitamin D on the risks of development and course of breast cancer. Keywords: breast cancer, Vitamin D, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol.
SEMINARIO VIRTUAL DE TESIS COMO MICROCOMUNIDAD DE PRÁCTICA ACADÉMICA
Authors: Álvarez Guadalupe , Difabio de Anglat Hilda
Published: April 2021

Este estudio busca caracterizar la perspectiva de estudiantes de doctorado en torno a un seminario virtual orientado a la revisión de capítulos de la tesis producidos por los propios estudiantes a partir del intercambio y la retroalimentación con pares y expertos (docentes y también directores de tesis). En función de un análisis cualitativo centrado en la perspectiva de los participantes se han identificado diferentes categorías sobre dimensiones específicas del seminario. En este artículo se consideran las siguientes: las actividades del seminario basadas en tres modelos (modelo de situación comunicativa, modelo del evento y modelo textual), la formación desde la práctica, la revisión entre pares, la revisión de los expertos y la transferencia de conocimiento. Estas categorías aportan evidencia acerca de que la participación en el seminario contribuiría con la incorporación de las tesistas a la comunidad académica y científica. Así, el seminario funcionaría como una microcomunidad de práctica académica.
MÁS ALLÁ DE LAS OBSERVACIONES DE CLASES DE INGLÉS EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Martínez-Luengas Miguel
Published: April 2021

El presente escrito es una reflexión basada en las prácticas de observación en clases de inglés en Colombia. Es necesario recalcar que las observaciones de clases no solo son prácticas para evaluar, criticar o juzgar; a su vez, estas prácticas se constituyen como escenarios propicios en los cuales la reflexión y la crítica cobran un papel preponderante. Igualmente, se realizó un análisis de una estrategia específica, como lo son las observaciones de clases de inglés en Colombia, desde el año 2012 hasta 2019, en fuentes como programas de bilingüismo, planes de fortalecimiento de inglés y noticias de periódicos colombianos. El autor indaga sobre lo oculto en estas prácticas, lo que no se ve en las investigaciones académicas sobre el tema, y lo que probablemente no se debe mostrar cuando el observador y el observado se encuentran en esta dinámica de observación. Los hallazgos muestran una postura diferente y crítica sobre la estrategia de las observaciones de clases de inglés de Colombia por medio de unas categorías propuestas y, finalmente, el lector logrará identificar lo que posiblemente está más allá de estas prácticas que aún se llevan a cabo durante procesos educativos en este país.
ESTRATEGIAS DE INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DE UNIDADES DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS: EL CASO DEL PROIFED DE LA UNED DE COSTA RICA
Authors: Cascante-Gatgens Adriana
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación tiene por objetivo conocer el nivel de efectividad de las estrategias de internacionalización de las unidades de investigación de la UNED, a partir de un análisis cualitativo de discurso por medio de un instrumento que consta de preguntas abiertas aplicadas a tres informantes claves: informante 1 de URI, informante 2 de la UGPI e informante 3 de la UE-PROIFED. El instrumento fue aplicado en el año 2020. Las entrevistas fueron sistematizadas en el software NVIVO 12 Plus, posteriormente, se analizaron las co-ocurrencias y las frecuencias de citación textual. Los resultados se enfocan a las estrategias, condiciones y ventajas de la internacionalización de la UE-PROIFED identificadas por los informantes clave. Para el PROIFED no se evidencia que exista incidencia específica derivada de ninguna otra estrategia de internacionalización, aparte de la generación de redes de investigación, debido a la falta de indicadores que permitan medir dicha incidencia, así como condiciones específicas para la internacionalización asociadas con la cultura organizacional en la UNED. Se recomienda mejorar el sistema y la gestión de indicadores de internacionalización para las unidades de investigación, así como realizar estudios similares que tomen en cuenta a otras unidades ejecutoras dentro de la institución para mayor un análisis comparativo.
The Meaning and Experience About Independent Life of Young Adults with Developmental Disabilities Through Photovoice
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Son Sunghwa , Kang Youngsim
Published: April 2021

This study qualitatively explores the experience of independent living for young adults with developmental disabilities using photovoice. The research participants were seven young adults with developmental disabilities, that attended P University Lifelong Education Center. The collected photovoice data, in-depth interviews, and research journals were all qualitatively analyzed. The study found 19 subcategories, eight top subjects, and three major subjects; the meaning of independent living as ‘the beginning of the journey towards being alone;’, the difficulties and efforts that are associated with ‘overcoming limitations and moving forward;’, and the independent living being desired by young adults with developmental disabilities, leading to ‘the dream of a more normal life.’. This study is meaningful in that it recognizes the meaning of independent living, the difficulty of independent living, and the desired independent living through the voices of the aforementioned parties. This study will explore the ways to support this independent living based on the information that is collected.
The Effect of Social Studies Instruction based on Universal Learning Design on the Academic Achievement and Interests for General Students and Students with Difficulties in Social Studies and Basic Achievement, and Students with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, You Yoonjung , Kang Eunyoung
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of social studies classes based on universal learning design (including graphic organizers) and is based on the academic achievement and interest of students in high school inclusion classes. 77 boys and 111 girls from six classes in the first year of high school participated. The intervention period was from May 2019, right after the first paper-delivered examination, to June 2019; a total of 14 classes were held three times a week. The intervention was conducted by the lead author and the main findings are as follows. There were statistically significant differences in both the academic achievement and interests among all students in this study, showing that social classes based on universal learning design had a positive effect. Results were derived that showed a much higher improvement rating post-test, than what was observed pre-test. Based on these findings, the possibility of including learners with various academic needs for universal learning (design-based instruction) in inclusion classes was discussed.
Utilization and Improvement Plans of Teaching and Learning Materials for Students With Severe and Multiple Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Kim Jeongyoun , Park Eunhye , Pyo Yunhui
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization and improvement plans of teaching and learning materials for students with severe multiple disabilities. Focus group interviews were conducted with 12 participants who had experience in developing teaching and learning materials and using teaching and learning materials for students with severe and multiple disabilities. As a result of the analysis, using the qualitative analysis method, the following 3 themes and 11 subthemes were identified. (1) the utilization of teaching and learning materials for students with severe and multiple disabilities; (2) difficulty in using teaching and learning materials for students with severe and multiple disabilities; (3) improvement plans in teaching and learning materials for students with severe and multiple disabilities. This study is to identify the actual conditions and demands for the use of teaching and learning materials for students with severe and multiple disabilities. This is based on the actual conditions of use in the field of education, which are delivered by educational experts related to severe and multiple disabilities. It is significant in that it has presented the direction of teaching and learning materials that need to be improved.
Interval training during concurrent training optimizes cardiorespiratory adaptations in women
Authors: Ferrari Rodrigo , Alberton Cristine Lima , Pinto Stephanie Santana , Cadore Eduardo Lusa , Pinto Ronei Silveira , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins
Published: April 2021

Abstract This study compared the effects of using continuous and interval aerobic exercise during concurrent training on cardiorespiratory adaptations in women. Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned into one of the following groups: continuous running and resistance training (C-RUN, n = 10), interval running and resistance training (I-RUN, n = 11), or control group that performed resistance training only (RT, n = 11). Each group trained twice a week during 11 weeks. Oxygen uptake corresponding to the first ventilatory threshold (VO2VT1), second ventilatory threshold (VO2VT2) and maximal effort (VO2max) was measured in a maximal incremental test performed before and after training. Significant increases in VO2VT1, VO2VT2 and VO2max were observed in all training groups. VO2VT2 and VO2max presented time-group interactions, indicating that the magnitude of the increase in these variables was dependent on the training group (VO2VT2: C-Run = 6.6%, I-Run = 15.7%, RT = 1.7%; VO2max: C-Run = 7.2%, I-Run = 14.3%, RT = 2.7%). The effect size observed for post-training values comparing C-RUN and RT groups was d = 0.566 for VO2VT2 and d = 0.442 for VO2max. On the other hand, values of d = 0.949 for VO2VT2 and d = 1.189 for VO2max were verified between I-RUN and RT groups. In conclusion, the use of continuous and interval aerobic exercise during concurrent training improved different cardiorespiratory parameters in women, but in a greater magnitude when interval aerobic exercise was performed simultaneously to resistance training.
Body adiposity index and associated factors in workers of the furniture sector
Authors: Oliveira Renata Aparecida Rodrigues de , Amorim Paulo Roberto dos Santos , Baião Braúlio Parma , Oliveira Pedro Victor Santos Rodrigues de , Marins João Carlos Bouzas
Published: April 2021

Abstract Obesity represents one of the main cardiovascular risk factors with high prevalence among the Brazilian population. The aim of this study was to assess body adiposity index (BAI) and associated factors in workers of the furniture sector. A descriptive study was conducted with 204 workers of the furniture sector in the city of Ubá-MG of both sexes aged 20-70 years. Working sector, economic class, level of physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides were assessed. Odds ratio (RC) was used to determine the strength of association among variables. Of the total number of individuals assessed, 50% had high BAI, presenting higher anthropometric, blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride values (p <0.05). It was observed that advanced age (RC: 2.76; p = 0.002) and production sector (RC: 2.52; p = 0.045) were significantly associated with BAI. According to economic class and level of physical activity, increase in BAI was observed with reduction of economic class. It could be concluded that high percentage of increased BAI was found among workers, with association with age, working sector and economic class.
Assessment methods of vastus lateralis muscle architecture using panoramic ultrasound: a new approach, test-retest reliability and measurement error
Authors: Soares André Luiz Conveniente , Nogueira Fernando dos Santos , Gomes Paulo Sergio Chagas
Published: April 2021

Abstract Extended-field-of-view ultrasonography is a valid alternative to determine the dimensions of the skeletal striated muscle; however, some factors may influence the final measurement. The aim of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and measurement error of vastus lateralis muscle architecture variables through internal anatomical landmarks and to compare three fixed determined points using extended-field-of-view ultrasonography. Twelve young (24 ± 6 years) adult university male students participated in the study. Images were obtained through extended-field-of-view ultrasonography of the vastus lateralis muscle. Measurements were made for muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and fascicle pennation angle (FA) using a method that identifies internal anatomical landmarks. MT was also measured at predetermined distances of 2 cm proximal, 6 cm proximal, and 2 cm distal. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures did not identify any test-retest significant differences for all variables measured. Typical measurement error in centimeters (cm) or degrees (º), coefficient of variation in percentage (%) and intraclass correlation coefficient were MT = 0.07 cm, 2.93%, 0.964; FL = 0.31 cm, 2.89%, 0.947; FA = 0.92°, 4.08%, 0.942; MT 2 cm proximal = 0.10 cm, 3.77%, 0.910; MT 6 cm proximal = 0.27 cm, 9.66%, 0.576; MT 2 cm distal = 0.35 cm, 19.76%, 0.564. MT, FL and FA showed high reliability and low measurement error. Internal anatomical landmarks proved to be more reliable and presented smaller measurement errors when compared to the predetermined distances method.
Maior mortalidade durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em áreas socialmente vulneráveis em Belo Horizonte: implicações para a priorização da vacinação
Authors: Passos Valéria Maria de Azeredo , Brant Luisa Campos Caldeira , Pinheiro Pedro Cisalpino , Correa Paulo Roberto Lopes , Machado Isis Eloah , Santos Mayara Rocha , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Paixão Lucia Maria Miana , Pimenta Junior Fabiano Geraldo , Souza Maria de Fatima Marinho de , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: April 2021

RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a mortalidade por áreas de Belo Horizonte (BH) durante a pandemia de COVID-19 conforme a vulnerabilidade social, visando a uma estratégia de vacinação. Métodos: Estudo ecológico com análise de mortalidade, segundo setores censitários classificados pelo índice de vulnerabilidade da saúde, composto de indicadores de saneamento e socioeconômicos. Óbitos por causas naturais e COVID-19 foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade, entre a 10ª e a 43ª semanas epidemiológicas (SE) de 2020. Calculou-se o excesso de mortalidade por modelo de série temporal, considerando-se as mortes observadas por SE entre 2015 e 2019, por setor censitário. Taxas de mortalidade (TM) foram calculadas e padronizadas por idade com base em estimativas populacionais do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Resultados: Houve 16,1% (n = 1.524) de excesso de mortalidade em BH: 11, 18,8 e 17,3% nas áreas de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. As diferenças entre TM observadas e esperadas por causas naturais, padronizadas por idade, foi igual a 59/100 mil habitantes em BH, aumentando de 31 para 77 e 95/100 mil, nas áreas de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. Houve gradiente de aumento com a idade nas TM por COVID-19, variando de 4 a 611/100 mil habitantes entre as idades de 20-39 anos e 75+ anos. A TM por COVID-19 por 100 mil idosos (60+ anos) foi igual a 292, aumentando de 179 para 354 e 476 nos setores de baixa, média e elevada vulnerabilidade, respectivamente. Conclusão: Desigualdades na mortalidade, mesmo entre idosos, aliadas à baixa oferta de doses, demonstram a importância de priorizar áreas socialmente vulneráveis durante a vacinação contra COVID-19.
“VASTIDÃO DOS GENTIOS BÁRBAROS”: CAMINHOS E FRONTEIRAS ENTRE O MARANHÃO E O BRASIL (1680-1700)
Authors: Chambouleyron Rafael , Ibáñez-Bonillo Pablo , Melo Vanice Siqueira de
Published: April 2021

Resumo Durante a maior parte do século XVII, a comunicação entre o Estado do Maranhão e o Estado do Brasil foi limitada pela inexistência de um caminho estável por via terrestre. Nas últimas duas décadas desse século, os governadores do Maranhão trataram de melhorar essa comunicação com a exploração das regiões interiores e a abertura de um caminho baseado no conhecimento dos povos indígenas que ali moravam. Com esse fim, organizaram-se expedições de reconhecimento e ativaram-se diferentes estratégias para o controle do território, tais como o descimento dos indígenas e o uso da guerra justa. Este artigo estuda esses projetos a partir da documentação colonial. Leva em conta a influência dos índios na transformação das fronteiras coloniais e as motivações que os administradores tiveram para esse empreendimento, até a virada do século XVIII.
Dam-Break analysis: proposal of a simplified approach
Authors: Rossi Carlo Lucca Coutinho Ungaretti , Marques Marcelo Giulian , Teixeira Eder Daniel , Melo José Falcão de , Ferla Rute , Prá Maurício Dai
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Simplified methods are useful alternatives for prior analysis of the effects of dam rupture and can guide the decision-making process for carrying out more complete studies. In this context, a new simplified approach is presented, which enables the analysis of aspects from dam rupture of earthen dams that failed due to overtopping, considering dam height and reservoir volume as input data. Hypothetical cases were analyzed applying dam-break hydrodynamic simulations, which results allowed the development of equations capable of estimating peak flow attenuation and peak discharge arrival time along the downstream valley. The proposed approach was applied in a hypothetical case study (15 m high dam and 17 hm3 reservoir volume), obtaining results close to those achieved through other methods, especially in case of estimating the maximum discharges throughout the downstream valley, where the average differences between the results of the methods were of the order of 15%.
Terapia ocupacional e comunicação alternativa: intervenção colaborativa com os parceiros de comunicação de uma criança com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Manzini Mariana Gurian , Figueiredo Mirela de Oliveira , Manzini Ana Carolina Gurian , Martinez Claudia Maria Simões
Published: April 2021

Resumo Introdução A terapia ocupacional pode utilizar dos recursos de comunicação alternativa, numa perspectiva sistêmica, para o engajamento ocupacional de crianças com paralisa cerebral que possuem limitações na comunicação oral e/ou escrita. Objetivo Descrever procedimentos de intervenção colaborativa em terapia ocupacional com uso da comunicação alternativa executados por parceiros de comunicação de uma criança com paralisia cerebral. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, de natureza experimental e de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram da pesquisa os parceiros de comunicação (mãe, estagiária do curso de graduação em terapia ocupacional e professora) de uma criança com paralisia cerebral. Utilizou-se instrumentos indicados no Programa Comunica_PC, para identificação das habilidades comunicativas iniciais da criança, caracterização dos participantes, seleção das figuras para a prancha de comunicação, análise das filmagens e análise da percepção dos interlocutores sobre os procedimentos de intervenção. A coleta e análise foram estruturadas em 5 fases: Fase 1: Conhecimento inicial dos participantes; Fase 2: Capacitação Teórica; Fase 3: Capacitação Prática; Fase 4: Confecção do recurso de comunicação alternativa; e Fase 5: Percepção dos interlocutores após a implementação da comunicação alternativa. Resultados Obteve-se a formação teórica e prática dos parceiros de comunicação, incluindo a sua sensibilização por meio da dinâmica e capacitação prática. Tais procedimentos se constituíram em elementos fundamentais para a aprendizagem dos parceiros de comunicação perante o uso dos recursos de comunicação alternativa. Conclusão O Programa Comunica_PC consistiu numa estratégia motivadora como meio de aprendizagem dos interlocutores para uso da comunicação alternativa em criança com paralisia cerebral.
The Impact of Advanced Industry 4.0 Technologies on Unemployment in Russian Regions
Authors: Koropets Olga A. , Tukhtarova Evgeniya Kh.
Published: April 2021

The introduction of advanced technologies requires restructuring the labour market and redistributing the workforce. Therefore, the study of the demand for workers in the digital economy is necessary for preventing unemployment. We examine the impact of advanced technologies on unemployment in Russian regions. The transition to a new technological wave and the development of advanced technologies will differently affect the unemployment among various categories of population depending on their educational level. Using the combination of spatial analysis, statistical and econometric methods, we identified clusters of high-tech, medium-tech, and low-tech regions of the Russian Federation, described the impact and confirmed the proposed hypothesis. We have discovered that most Russian regions have a low potential to transition to a new technological wave. Simultaneously, in high-tech regions with sufficient potential to develop a new technological wave, digital economy does not require a large number of employees with university education. Moreover, such regions are experiencing an acute shortage of people with vocational education. Currently, selected Russian regions have resources, potential and reserves to develop the sixth technological wave, while others provide human resources. This situation leads not only to deepening regional differentiation but also to severance of economic relations between regions, hindering their interaction in the new conditions. The obtained results can be used to support proposals and measures for regulating labour market processes to develop scientific, technological and economic potential of the country.
The Impact of Scientific Activity of Universities on Economic and Innovative Development
Authors: Tereshchenko Dmitrii S. , Shcherbakov Vasilii S.
Published: April 2021

Universities play a crucial role in local economies, providing educational services and participating in research and development. This is particularly important for Russia where regions are highly differentiated in terms of both socio-economic development and technological progress and innovations. However, many regional universities in Russia have traditionally focused primarily on teaching, with less emphasis on research activities. In this paper, we aim to deepen the understanding of the impact of scientific activities of universities on regional economic and innovative development. For this purpose, we estimate different specifications of a fixed-effects model using panel data from Russian regions for 2010–2016. We aggregate the number of universities’ publications per researcher at the sub-national level to incorporate regional scientific activity in our model. Considering other important socio-economic characteristics of regions, we revealed that the association between the publication activity of universities and innovative development of the region remains significant, while the relationship between economic development of the region and the scientific activity of universities disappeared completely. A number of robustness checks demonstrated that statistically significant results remain only when the relative number of publications indexed in international citation databases (Scopus and Web of Science) is used as an explanatory variable. Simultaneously, the publications indexed in specific Russian lists and databases as well as publications in regional scientific organisations that are not universities do not contribute to innovative development of the region. The results can be used for planning the funding of research activities in universities and setting performance targets for universities.
Improving the Assessment of the Tourism Potential of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Myakshin Vladimir N. , Shaparov Alexander E. , Tikhanova Daria V.
Published: April 2021

The development of the domestic tourism market, including the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is important for overcoming the consequences of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive and reliable methodology for assessing the tourism potential is necessary for effective decision making and attracting tourists. Based on the analysis of international and Russian experience of assessing tourist destinations, we identified the shortcomings of the existing methods and substantiated the necessity of a nuanced approach to assessing the tourism potential of regions using authors’ balanced scorecard. Our methodology relies on the balanced approach, demonstrating the compliance of the assessment results with the interests of tourism stakeholders. The developed method considers information needs and main interests of tourists, business representatives, regional population and authorities. Based on key parameters of the tourism potential of the Arctic zone, we defined the structure of the balanced scorecard (economic, infrastructural and cultural-natural aspects) using systems and structural-functional analysis. Further, using the multivariate mean (with target values of indicators as a standardised coefficient), we calculated integral indicators, eliminating the influence of dynamics of other regions on the assessment results. Structural and comparative analysis of a matrix of integral indicators allowed us to examine the dynamics of the tourism potential of the Russian Arctic and ways to improve it (on the example of Arkhangelsk oblast). Correlation analysis of the relations between the tourism potential and tourist flows within a time lag confirms the reliability of the developed methodology. Research results can be used by authorities managing the Russian Arctic for identifying the ways to increase its tourism potential