bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ﻣﻭﺍﻗﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﺎء ﻣﻥ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﻱ (ﺭﺣﻣﻪ ﷲ) ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻁﺎﻟﺏ 
Authors: م. ﻋﺼﺎم ﺨﻠﻴﻝ إﺒ ارﻫﻴم اﻟﻤﺤﻤدي  , د. ﻋﻤر ﺤﻤﻴد ﻤ ارد
Published: March 2024

اﻟﺤﻤـــد ﷲ واﻟﺼـــﻼة واﻟﺴـــﻼم ﻋﻠــــﻰ رﺴـــوﻝ اﷲ ﺴـــﻴدﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﻤــــد وﻋﻠـــﻰ آﻟـــﻪ وﺼــــﺤﺒﻪ ٬

أﻤﺎ ﺒﻌد...

 

ﻓـﺎن ﻟﻠﺤـدﻴث اﻟﻨﺒـوي اﻟﺸـرﻴف دور ﺒـﺎرز ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺤﻔـﺎظ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟـدﻴن اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻲ وﻗـد ﻫﻴـﺄ اﷲ

أﻨﺎﺴﺎً ﻟﻠدﻓﺎع ﻋن ﻫذا اﻟـدﻴن ﺒﺤﻔـظ ﻛﺘـﺎب اﷲ وﺴـﻨﺔ رﺴـوﻝ اﷲ (  ) ودﻓـﻊ اﻟﺸـك ﻋـن ﺴـﻨﺔ ﻨﺒﻴـﻪ

٬(  ) وﻫﻨﺎك ﻋدد ﻤن اﻷﺌﻤﺔ ﻋـرف ﻤـن ﺤﺎﻟـﻪ واﺸـﺘﻬر ﻤـن أﻤـرﻫم ٬ وذﻛـر اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﺎء أﻨﻬـم ﻻ ﻴـروي

ﻟواﺤد ﻤﻨﻬم إﻻ ﻋـن ﺜﻘـﺔ ٬ ﻓﻘـد ﻛـﺎن ﻤـن ﺒـﻴن ﻨﻌـم اﷲ ﺘﻌـﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻨـﺎ ان ﻛﻨـﺎ ﻤـن طﻠﺒـﺔ ﻋﻠـوم اﻟﺴـﻨﺔ

اﻟﻨﺒوﻴﺔ ٬ وﻤﻤن أﺤﺒﺒﻨـﺎ ﺘـ ارث أﺴـﻼﻓﻨﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺨـدﻤﺘﻬﺎ وﻏـﺒطﻬم ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـﺎ ﻨـﺎﻟوﻩ ﻤـن اﺠـر ذﻟـك وﺸـرﻓﻪ ٬

ﻓرﻏﺒﻨﺎ ان ﻨﺸﺎرﻛﻬم ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌض أﺠرﻫم ٬ وان ﺸرﻓﻨﺎ ﺒﺨدﻤﺔ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﺒوﻴﺔ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ ﻤﺎ ﺸـرﻓوا ﻫـم

ﺒﻪ ٬ ﻓﻛﺎن ﺴﺒب اﺨﺘﻴﺎرﻨﺎ ﻟﻬذا اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻤوﺴوم (ﻤوﻗف اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻤن رواﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺴن اﻟﺒﺼـري ﻋـن

اﻹﻤـﺎم ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺒـن أﺒـﻲ طﺎﻟـب) وﻫـو ﻤـﺎ ﺘﻨﺎﻗﻠـﻪ ﺒﻌـض اﻫـﻝ اﻟﺤـدﻴث ﻓـﻲ رواﻴـﺎﺘﻬم ﻤـن ﻋـدم ﻟﻘـﺎء

ﺴﻴدﻨﺎ اﻟﺤﺴـن اﻟﺒﺼـري رﺤﻤـﻪ اﷲ ﺒﺴـﻴدﻨﺎ ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺒـن أﺒـﻲ طﺎﻟـب  وﻋـدم اﺨـذ اﻟﻌﻠـم ﻤﻨـﻪ ٬ إﻻ إﻨﻨـﺎ

أردﻨﺎ أن ﻨﺜﺒت ﺨطﺄ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻨﺎﻗﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻤن ﻋدم اﻟﻠﻘﺎء واﻻﺨذ ﻋـن اﻟﺼـﺤﺎﺒﻲ اﻟﺠﻠﻴـﻝ ﺴـﻴدﻨﺎ

 

ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒن اﺒﻲ طﺎﻟب  .
ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻛﺎﻅﻡ  ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ ﻭﺗﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ­ ﻧﻅﺭﺓ ﺗﺣﻠﻳﻠﻳﺔ ﻣﻭﺟﺯﺓ ­
Authors: ﻋﻤﺎد ﻤوﺴﻰ ﻤﺤﻤود ﻋﻠﻲ
Published: March 2024

اﻟﺤﻤــد ﷲ رب اﻟﻌــﺎﻟﻤﻴن ٬ واﻟﺼــﻼة واﻟﺴــﻼم ﻋﻠــﻰ أﺸــرف اﻟﺨﻠــق أﺠﻤﻌــﻴن ٬ وﻋﻠــﻰ آﻟــﻪ اﻟﻐــر

اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻤﻴن.

 

إ ﱠن ﺘﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ اﻹﺼﻼﺤﻲ واﻟﺘرﺒوي ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ  وأﻫﻝ ﺒﻴﺘﻪ  ﻓﻲ اﻷﻤﺔ ﻴﺴﺘوﺠب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث

أ ْن ﻴﺼـر َف ﺠﺎﻨﺒـﺎً ﻛﺒﻴـ اًر ﻤـن ﻋﻤـرﻩ ﻟﻴﺤـﺎو َﻝ اﻹﺤﺎطـﺔَ ﺒﺘﻠـك اﻟﺠواﻨـب اﻟﻤﺸـرﻗﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺤﻴـﺎة اﻷﻤـﺔ ٬ وذﻟـك

ﻷﻨﻬم ُﺒﻌﺜوا رﺤﻤﺔً ﻟﻠﻌـﺎﻟﻤﻴن ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺘﻌـﺎﻟﻰ ﻤﺨﺎطﺒـﺎً اﻟﻨﺒـﻲ  : (( ﻭ  ﻣ  ـﺎ ﺃَﺭ  ﺳ  ـﻠْﻨ  ﺎﻙَ ﺇِﻻ ﺭ  ﺣ  ﻤ  ـﺔً ﻟﱢﻠْﻌ  ـﺎﻟَﻤ  ﲔ ٬ (١) .(( 

وُﺒﻌـث ﻤﻌﻠﻤـﺎً وﻫﺎدﻴـﺎً وﻤزﻛﻴـﺎً ﺤﻴـث ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺘﻌـﺎﻟﻰ: (( ﻫ  ـﻮ  ﺍﻟﱠـﺬ  ﻱ ﺑ  ﻌ  ـﺚ  ﻓ  ـﻲ ﺍﻟْـﺄُﻣ  ﻴ  ﲔ  ﺭ  ﺳ  ـﻮﻟًﺎ ﻣ  ـﻨ  ﻬ  ﻢ  ﻳ  ﺘْﻠُـﻮ ﻋ  ﻠَـﻴ  ﻬِﻢ  ﺁﻳ  ﺎﺗ  ـﻪ 

ﻭ  ﻳ  ﺰ  ﻛﱢﻴﻬِﻢ  ﻭ  ﻳ  ﻌ  ﻠﱢﻤ  ﻬ  ﻢ  ﺍﻟْﻜ  ﺘَﺎﺏ  ﻭ  ﺍﻟْﺤ  ﻜْﻤ  ﺔَ ﻭ  ﺇِﻥﻛَﺎﻧُﻮﺍ ﻣ  ﻦ ﻗَﺒ  ﻞُ ﻟَﻔ  ﻲ ﺿَﻠَﺎﻝٍ ﻣ  ﺒِﲔ (٢) .((  وﻏﻴـر ﺘﻠك اﻵﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺒﺎرﻛﺔ

 

اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺒـﻴن اﻟـدور اﻹﺼـﻼﺤﻲ واﻟﺘرﺒـوي ﻟﻸﻨﺒﻴـﺎء ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻘـرآن اﻟﻛـرﻴم ٬ إﻀـﺎﻓﺔ إﻟـﻰ ذﻟـك ﻓﺈﻨﻨـﺎ ﻟـو ﺘﺘﺒﻌﻨـﺎ

 

اﻟﺴـﻴرة اﻟﻤﺒﺎرﻛـﺔ ﻷوﺼـﻴﺎء اﻟﻨﺒـﻲ وﻫـم اﻷﺌﻤـﺔ اﻻﺜﻨـﺎ ﻋﺸـر ﻟ أرﻴﻨـﺎ ﻫـذا اﻟﻤـﻨﻬﺞ ﺠﻠﻴـﺎً ﺴـواء ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ

ﺴﻴرﺘﻬم اﻟﻌطرة ﻤـﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﺒـﻴن ﻟﻬـم أو اﻟﻤﻌـﺎدﻴن أو ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ أﺤـﺎدﻴﺜﻬم و ِﺤ َﻛ ِﻤﻬـم اﻟﻌظﻴﻤـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﻌﻛـس

دورﻫـم ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﺤﻴـث ﺘﺸـﻬد اﻟﻤواﻗـف اﻟﻤﺘﻌـددة ﻟـذﻟك ٬ ﻓﻔـﻲ ﺴـﺎﺤﺎت اﻟﺤـرب ﻛﺎﻨـت ﺘﺼـدر ﻤـﻨﻬم

 

اﻟﻤواﻗف اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘُذﻫﻝ اﻟﻌﻘوﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻛﻤﺔ واﻟﺘرﺒﻴﺔ واﻹﺼﻼح ٬ وﻟﻘد أرﻴﻨﺎ ذﻟك ﺠﻠﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﻤواﻗـف ﻋﻠـﻲ ﺒـن

أﺒﻲ طﺎﻟب واﻟﺤﺴﻨﻴن  إﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﻤواﻗف اﻷﺨرى ﻟﻸﺌﻤﺔ  .

 

وﻤــن ﺘﻠــك اﻷدوار ﻫــو دور اﻹﻤــﺎم ﻤوﺴــﻰ ﺒــن ﺠﻌﻔــر  ﻓــﻲ اﻹﺼــﻼح واﻟﺘرﺒﻴــﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤــﻊ

 

اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟـرﻏم ﻤـن اﻟظـروف اﻟﻘﺎﺴـﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻋـﺎﻨﻰ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ  ﻤـن ﺤﻴـث اﻟﺴـﺠن واﻟﻤﻀـﺎﻴﻘﺎت ﻤـن

 

ﻗﺒـﻝ ﺤﻛـﺎم اﻟﺠـور ٬ وﻟﻛـن ﻛـﻝ ذﻟـك ﻟـم ﻴﻤﻨﻌـﻪ ﻤـن أ ْن ﻴﻤـﺎر َس دورﻩ اﻟـذي ﻋﻬـدﻩ اﷲ ﺘﻌـﺎﻟﻰ إﻟﻴـﻪ ﺒ َﺠﻌﻠـﻪ

وﺼـ ﱠﻲ رﺴـوﻟﻪ  ﻟﺤﻔـظ اﻟرﺴـﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺴـﻤﺎوﻴﺔ ﻤـن اﻟﻀـﻴﺎع ٬ ﻓﻘـﺎم ﺒﺘﺄدﻴـﺔ ﻤﺴـؤوﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ أﺤﺴـن ﻤـﺎ ﻴﻛـون

ﻤن ﺤﻴث اﻹﺼﻼح ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ وﺘرﺒﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴن ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻨﻲ اﻟﺴـﺎﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺤﻤـﻝ ﻤﻔـﺎﻫﻴم اﻟﻘـرآن

 

اﻟﻌظﻴم واﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺸرﻴﻔﺔ ﺤﻴث ﻫﻤﺎ اﻟدﺴﺘور اﻷﺴﺎس ﻟﻠﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴن ﻓـﻲ ﺤﻔظﻬـم ﻤـن اﻟﻀـﻴﺎع ٬ ووﻗوﻓـﻪ أﻤـﺎم

اﻟﺸﺒﻬﺎت واﻟﺸﻛوك اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎن ﻴﺒﺜﱡﻬﺎ أﻋدا ُء اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴن ﻤن اﻟزﻨﺎدﻗﺔ وﻏﻴرﻫم ٬ إﻀﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻤﻤﺎرﺴـﺔ اﻟﺤﻛـﺎم

ﺘﺤرﻴف اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴم اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻺﺴﻼم ﻤن أﺠﻝ اﻟﺤﻛم واﻟﺘﺴﻠط ٕواﻴﺠﺎد اﻟﻤﺴوﻏﺎت ﻟﺘﺼرﻓﺎﺘﻬم ٬ ﻓﻛﺎن  ﻗد
ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﻧﺊ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻗﻳﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﻝ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺭﻱ (ﻣﻳﻧﺎء ﺍﻡ ﻗﺻﺭ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﻳﺔ) ­ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ­
Authors: د. ﻫﺸﺎم ﺼﻼح ﻤﺤﺴن
Published: March 2024

ﻴﻬدف اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻛﺸف ﻋن أﻫﻤﻴﺔ دور اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ﻓﻲ ﺘﻔﻌﻴﻝ وﺘﻨﺸﻴط ﺤرﻛﺔ

اﻟﻤﻼﺤﺔ اﻟﺒﺤرﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺨذاً ﻤن ﻤﻴﻨﺎء ام ﻗﺼر اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺘﺒﻴن أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ذﻟك اﻷﺜر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤرﻛﺔ

اﻟﻨﻘﻝ اﻟﺒﺤري وﻤردودﻫﺎ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ٬ وﻨﺎﻗش اﻟﺒﺤث اﻷﺼوﻝ اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻔﻬوم اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء وﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎﺘﻪ

ﻋﻠﻰ وﻓق اﻷﻨﺸطﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ وﺘطورﻫﺎ اﻟزﻤﻨﻲ ٬ وﺘوﻀﻴﺢ أﻫم اﻷطر اﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺘﻪ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺴﺘﻨد

 

ﻓﻲ ذﻟك ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺎﺴب اﻟﺘﻐﻴ ارت اﻟﺨﺎرﺠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ وأﻨﻤﺎط وﺴﺎﺌﻝ ﻨﻘﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ.

وﻛذﻟك رﻛز اﻟﺒﺤث ﻋﻠﻰ وﻀﻊ اﻟﻤواﻨﺊ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ ووﻀﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﺒﺼورة ﻋﺎﻤﺔ وﻤﻴﻨﺎء ام ﻗﺼر

ﺒﺼورة ﺨﺎﺼﺔ واﻵﻓﺎق اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻬذا اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء ﻟﻤﺎ ﻟﻪ دور واﻫﻤﻴﻪ ﺒﻴن اﻟﻤواﻨﺊ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ. ﻓﻘد ﻨﺎﻗش

اﻟواﻗﻊ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﻨﺎء ﻤن ﺤﻴث اﻷرﺼﻔﺔ وطﺎﻗﺎﺘﻬﺎ وﻛﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻀﺎﺌﻊ واﻋداد اﻟﺤﺎوﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘوردة

واﻟﺴﻔن اﻟﻘﺎدﻤﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء ٬ ﻤوﻀﺤﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺨﺘﺎم ﻫذا اﻟﻤﺤور أﻫم اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻼت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻌرض ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎء

 

واﻟوﻗوف ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻠك اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻼت وﺴﺒﻝ ﺘذﻟﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴق ﻨﻘﻝ ﺒﺤري ﺘﺠﺎري ﻤﻨظم.

واﻫﺘم اﻟﺒﺤث ﺒﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻤن اﻻﺴﺘﻨﺘﺎﺠﺎت واﻟﺘوﺼﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻝ اﻷﺨذ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺴﺘﺠﻌﻝ ﻤن اﻟﻤواﻨﺊ

اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻴﺔ ﺒؤر اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ ٬ داﻋﻤﺔ ﺤرﻛﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﻝ اﻟﺒﺤري ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ٬ وﻤﻴﻨﺎء ام ﻗﺼر ﺠﻨوب اﻟﻌ ارق ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ٬

وﻤﺎ ﻗد ﺘﻌﻛﺴﻪ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤ ارﻛز اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻴﺔ ﻤن اﻟوﺠﻪ اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘطورة ﻟﻠﻌ ارق اﻟﻨﺎﻫض ٬ واﻟﻤﺘﻘدم

 

ﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼً.
Analisis Tren Gugatan di Pengadilan Agama Kelas IA Makassar
Authors: Kamsilaniah Kamsilaniah , Firdausy Muhammad Riyadh , Sadar Aprilia , Azzahra Nabila , Haruna Risda
Published: March 2024

The execution of Thematic Community Service Program (KKN-T) batch 53 of Bosowa University Makassar at The Class IA Religious Court of Makassar aimed to deepen the knowledge of the (Islamic) religious judiciary and understanding of the trend of lawsuits related to Islamic laws. In this regard, the method used is by following and observing the trial process and assisting in the process of filing and requesting legal services in the legal service unit (posyankum) of the religious court. As in this paper, the results that the authors obtained after undergoing a thematic community service program at The Class IA Religious Court of Makassar from November 2022 to December 2022 show that the field of marriage law dominates the lawsuit trend handled by the court; accordingly, there are 203 cases of judicial divorce, followed by 62 cases of talaq divorce.
Evaluation of Mustard oil and temperature in the toxicity reduction of Aspergillus flavus in Walnut fruits
Authors: Abboud Alaa Kaiser Abdul Khaleq , Ali Sadeq Mohammed
Published: March 2024

The study aimed to isolate and identify fungi that produce mycotoxins from walnut fruits and the possibility of limiting their presence in the fruits and reducing their toxic effects.  The molecular diagnosis in this study of the fungus Aspergillus flavus was carried out using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genetic marker. As for the results of testing the ability of some A. flavus isolates to produce aflatoxins B1 including the ammonia test, the results of this test showed the ability of four out (of six) isolates of A. flavus on the production of aflatoxin B1 by changing the color of the base of the coconut medium on which the fungus isolates are grown, with a percentage of 66.66 %. The results of the chemical analysis using TLC technology for Aspergillus flavus showed the ability of three isolates to produce aflatoxin B1 out of six isolates of A. flavus with a percentage of 50 %. As for the most important results of the effectiveness of mustard oil in inhibiting the growth of the fungus A. flavus in walnut fruits, the highest percentage of inhibition was at 15% concentration, which amounted to 57.33%. The most important results of the storage experiment after three months of storage, included the test of the effect of mustard oil and temperature on the growth and density of A. flavus. The test was the effect of mustard oil on the reduction ratio of aflatoxin B1 as it reached the highest percentage of toxin reduction when adding mustard oil only, which amounted to 98.213%, compared to other treatments, the test was the effect of mustard oil and temperature on the amount of aflatoxin B1 toxin, which gave the highest rate when adding A. flavus to walnuts, which amounted to 13.425 micrograms/ g,. At a temperature of 5 °C, it gave the lowest rate of aflatoxin B1 toxin, which was 0.880 µg.gm-1. The highest rate was 8.620 µg.gm-1, at 25°C.
Role of Jasmonic acid and Nano-fertilizer in the vegetative growth indicators of three cultivars of Rocket Plant (Eruca sativa Mill.)
Authors: Amran Hisham Aziz , Abbass Jamal Ahmed Abbass
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted in the orchards and nurseries development project belonging to Karbala Agriculture Directorate for the two seasons 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 to study the physiological effects of jasmonic acid (JA) and NPK Nano-fertilizer on the vegetative growth indicators of three cultivars of rocket plant (Eruca sativa Mill). The experiment was designed according to the split split plot design using the Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D). This experiment included 27 treatments from three factors distributed randomly with three replicates (81 experimental units). The first factor represented by three cultivars of rocket plant; (French, Turkish, and the local cultivar) was set up in the main plots. The second factor, NPK nano fertilizer (0, 2, 4) g.L-1 was set up in the subplots, while the third factor comprised three concentrations of jasmonic acid JA (0, 15, 30) mg. L-1 was set up in the sub-subplots. The most important results indicated that spraying with jasmonic acid and nano fertilizer on the three varieties of rocket plants revealed significant differences in the studied indicators. The local cultivar that was sprayed with nano-fertilizer at 4 g.L-1 significantly excelled, and jasmonic acid at 30 mg.L-1 denoted by (V1N2J2) gave the highest results for both seasons compared to plants of the other two cultivars in all indicators of plant vegetative growth. The average plant height was (87.91 and 88.37 cm), number of leaves per plant (28.41 and 28.73 leaves), leaf area(774.67 and 717.57 cm.plant-1), dry weight of vegetative growth(8.53 and 7.43 g.plant-1) and the productivity of leaves (2440.7 and 2328.6 g.m2) for both seasons, respectively. However, the plants of the French cultivar, which were sprayed with distilled water (J0N0V2) recorded the lowest results (55.68 and 55.89 cm) and (13.69 and 13.65 leaves.plant-1), (327.43 and 294.80 cm².plant-1), (5.83 and 5.75 g.plant-1), and (1258.4 and 1136.5 g.m²) for both seasons of the experiment, consecutively.
Rooting of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) hardwood cuttings as influenced by cutting time and cutting length
Authors: Hawrami Iman Jaza Baqi , Noori Ibrahim Maaroof
Published: March 2024

This study was carried out during 2021-2022, in the Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, to find out the effects of cutting time (T1: Mid-Nov., T2: Mid-Dec., T3: Mid-Jan., and T4: Mid-Feb.), cutting length (L1: 10 cm and L2: 20 cm), and their interactions on rooting and some growth parameters of blackberry Rubus fruticosus L. hardwood cuttings. The local blackberry cuttings were transplanted in a low tunnel greenhouse at Zarrayen, Sulaymaniyah governorate. Plastic pots of 28 cm radius x 26 cm height, containing a substrate (peat moss: perlite: builder’s sand with a 1:1:1 v/v ratio) were used, and 6 cuttings were planted as a replicate out of three replicates. The experimental design was laid out in a factorial complete randomized design (CRD), the data were subjected to the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and the means were separated by Duncan’s multiple range test (P≤0.05). After 90 days, the results showed that T1 was significantly superior in rooting (95.83%), shoot dry weight (2.03 g), shoot length (24.68 cm), and average leaf area (2.22 cm2). L2 cuttings recorded the highest significant values of rooting (96.87%), shoot dry weight (1.83 g), root dry weight (0.56 g), shoot length (25.49 cm), number of lateral branches per cutting (18.52), and average leaf area (2.19 cm2). The interaction (T1+L2) was significantly superior in rooting (98.61%), shoot dry weight (3.02 g), shoot length (28.41 cm), root length (51.04 cm), and average leaf area (2.47 cm2)
The role of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 in improving some characteristics of fermented banana puree
Authors: Awad Abdullah , Al-Zobaay Amer
Published: March 2024

Green banana puree was fermented using a combination of single and mixed probiotic cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 by seven different treatments. All treatments showed statistically significant differences during the two fermentation periods (24 and 48 hours) in terms of the viability of probiotics, pH and sensory evaluation. It was found that the 48-hour period of fermentation is better than the 24-hour period in improving the quality and properties of fermented bananas. Treatment (Tre.5) which included a mixed probiotic culture prepared in a ratio of (50:50), obtained the highest viability of probiotics as reached 11.37 log CFU/g, an appropriate pH which reached 3.42, better sensory acceptance which reached 86% as compared to other treatments, and sufficient level of anti-bacterial activity against some species of pathogenic and undesirable bacteria.
Effect of various concentrations of agar and sucrose on growth and tuberization of four Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties under in vitro, invivo conditions
Authors: Hassan Abdulqadir M. Amin , Sarhan Taha Z. , Tom Rafail S.
Published: March 2024

The study tends to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of agar treatment (5, 7, and 9 g.l-1) with sucrose (20, 30, and 40 g.l-1) on in vitro shoot regeneration and rooting in one step using tuber-eyes and node explants of four potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L) varieties “Sagitta, Challenger, SM 13–132– 05 and Taurus”, and minitubers production under greenhouses conditions which are going to be grown in Kurdistan -Iraq. The results showed that SM 13–132– 05 cultivar was superior upon the other cultivars under in vitro conditions through multiplication tests (Agar concentration 7 g.l-1 and sucrose concentration 30 g.l-1) and greenhouse conditions by producing the highest shoot multiplication (3.17 shoots/ explant, 12.84 leaves/ explant and 14.51cm mean length of roots) and the best number of minitubers (5.72 minitubers/ plantlet) in greenhouse. Whereas, Challenger had the lowest number of minitubers (3.75/ plantlet). On the other hand, there was no significant differences in the effect of the different concentrations of Agar and sucrose on the four cultivars in terms of the rooting percentage.
Response of Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity to Bio health and Foliar Spray of Tecamin max and Boron
Authors: Faris Araz Siyar , Abdulqader Shaymaa Mahfodh
Published: March 2024

During the growing season of 2022, the experiment was conducted in one of the private orchards located in Hassan ava village, Zakho district, Dohuk governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq, to study the response of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity to biofertilizer (bio health) and foliar spray of the amino acid (tecamin max) and Boron. Olive trees were planted 6 x 6 m apart on clay sandy loam soil and fed with well water using a drip irrigation system. Olive trees were treated with three levels of biofertilizer (bio health) at (0, 1,0 and 15 g.L-1), added to the soil, and three levels of the foliar spray with amino acid (tecamin max) at (0, 10, 15 ml.L-1), and three levels (0, 200 and 300 mg. L-1) of boron foliar spray. A factorial experiment with three replications was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), using one tree for each experimental unit. The study reached the following results: application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1, and foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1 led to a significant increase in all studied characters (leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%) and physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree) except pulp: stone ratio, while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1, led to a significant increase in all the studied characteristics (leaves mineral content N, K, and B%) and physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and total yield per tree) except pulp: stone ratio and phosphorus content in leaves, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. There was also a significant increase in the binary and triple interactions of the study treatments on all the studied traits, especially the high levels of the study factors (15 g.L-1 bio-health, 15 ml.L-1 tecamin max, and 300 mg. L-1 boron).
Path Coefficient Analysis and Selection Index in Different Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes
Authors: Abbas Saddam Hussein
Published: March 2024

Improving the grain yield in rice can be done more efficiently by selecting the yield components than selecting the grain yield itself, provided that these traits have a desirable genetic correlation with the grain yield trait. A field experiment was carried out in the rice research station in Al-Mashkhab/ Najaf/ IRAQ to determine the traits correlated with grain yield and to select the superior genotypes with their selection index among the sixteen genotypes planted during the growing season of 2021. During the 2022 season six genotypes were selected to evaluate the path coefficient analysis for the grain yield and its components according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results showed that the mean squares of the genotypes were significant for all studied traits(P<0.1). The superiority of the genotypes Furat1, Jasmine and K2 over the rest of six genotypes that were selected for having a high selection index, especially in the trait of grain yield, number of tillers.m-2 and number of grains.panicle-1. The genetic and phenotypic path coefficient analysis revealed that there was a high direct effect of the yield components on the grain yield due to the high positive and desirable values of the genetic and phenotypic correlation between the grain yield and its components including the number of tillers.m-2, the number of grains.panicle-1 and the panicle length, which are selective indicators for improving grain yield. Furthermore, the aforementioned traits showed high values of heritability in the broad sense and good stability during the two study seasons. Thus, the characteristics of the number of tillers.m-2 and the number of grains per panicle can be considered as one of the best criteria to be adopted as a selection index in the breeding programs for the rice crop. Moreover, further investigations are required for these criteria at different experimental conditions in other to testing their efficiency.
Assessing the Chemical and Biological Effectiveness of Nano-Engineered Factors in Enhancing Resistance in tomato against Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
Authors: Al-Rubaie Ghosoun Habib Sabri , Al-Fallooji Saba A. K.
Published: March 2024

Bacterial spot a significant disease that affects tomato crops, despite limited studies and scientific research on this disease, So This study aimed to assess the efficacy of various biological and chemical factors in controlling bacterial spot disease in the field. A field survey was conducted in Najaf Al-Ashraf, specifically in areas such as Al-Haidariya, Al-Rahima, Al-Abbasia, and 20 plastic houses. The disease incidence was observed in these locations, with infection rates from 24% to 60%. Among them, Al-Haidariya had the highest infection rate at 60%, while Al-Abbasia had the lowest at 24%. Regarding to the impact of chemical and biological inducing factors on infection severity, the treatment using nanoscale zinc oxide demonstrated superior effectiveness in reducing the severity of infection caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, In reducing the severity of the infection, which amounted to 11.6%, compared with the treatment of X.campestris 2 (control 2) only, which amounted to 74.2%.Field results also indicated that the nanoscale zinc oxide treatment was highly effective in increasing chemical indicators such as chlorophyll content, peroxidase enzyme and catalase enzyme. The values for these indicators were 12.69 mg g-1, 183.25-unit min-1 g-1 FW and 177.84-unit min-1 g-1 FW, respectively, compared to the control treatment, which recorded values of 7.79 mg g-1, 88.3-unit min-1 g-1 FW, and 74.17-unit min-1 g-1 FW, respectively. Furthermore, the treatment using Pseudomonas putida demonstrated superiority in increasing the percentage of TSS, vitamin C content, and acid percentage. The values for these parameters were 8.45%, 20.86 mg g-1, and 0.862%, respectively, compared to the control treatment, which recorded values of 4.78%, 11.09 mg g-1 and 0.462%, respectively. Moreover, the nanoscale zinc oxide treatment exhibited superior effectiveness in increasing the yield per plant, early fruit yield per plant, and total yield. The values for these parameters were 7.54 kg plant-1, 10.261 kg. plant-1 and 8.591 tons plastichouse-1 (500 m²), respectively, compared to the control treatment, which recorded values of 4.15 kg plant-1, 3.752 kg plant-1, and 4.929 tons/plastic house (500 m²), respectively.
Histological Changes Of Bee Worker (Apis mellifera L.) By Bee Venom And Amino Acids Feeding
Authors: Adel Salem Rasha , Mahmoud Marzouk Wael
Published: March 2024

The effect of feeding honey bee colonies on a sugar solution to which ‎bee ‎venom has been added at a concentration of 5‎‏0‏‎ mg/liter sugar solution ‎and on amino ‎acids extracted from clover 4 cm amino acids/liter sugar ‎solution on the amount of ‎food consumed by honey bee workers as well as ‎the effect on gland tissues ‎Hypopharyngeal and maxillary glands and ‎histological changes that occur in them. ‎Nine honeybee colonies were tested in an apiary of the Bee Research ‎Department, Plant Protection ‎Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, ‎Ministry of Agriculture, ‎Giza, Egypt, during 2020-2021. Statistically, there are no significant differences in the amount of food consumed by honeybee workers, whether the bee venom solution or the amino acid solution, ‎compared to ‎the control colonies that fed on the sugar solution only. No histological changes were observed in the ‎hypopharyngeal (HPGs) and mandibular‎ ‎glands (MGs) in workers fed sugary solution (control colonies). Feeding ‎with ‎amino acids resulted in histological ‎changes in the HPGs and MGs, ‎ as most of the ‎acini were atrophic and smaller ‎in size than usual, with the loss of vesicles in the ‎cytoplasm. As for the bees ‎that fed on a solution of bee venom, histological changes ‎ in the HPGs and ‎MGs were observed, where severe atrophy and contraction of the ‎acini with ‎an irregular outline were noted. Nuclear thickening of the ‎‎epithelial cell lining was observed. The histological structure of the lower glands ‎showed ‎atrophy in some individual cells, which led to damage to the ‎development of both the ‎HPGs and MGs.‎
Estimating Chilling and Growing Degree Hours Related to Deciduous Fruit Production in Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Authors: Noori Ibrahim Maaroof
Published: March 2024

This study was carried out to estimate the annual chilling and heat accumulation in Kurdistan region-Iraq using three different models; chilling hours (CH), chilling units (CU) and chilling portions (CP), as well as estimating the accumulated growing degree hours (GDH) using the ChillR Package, Version 0.72.8 based on daily maxima and minima temperatures of 170 locations for 40 years (1983-2022) downloaded from NASA. The results showed that in Kurdistan region, the chilling hours with 7 classes ranged from 335 CH in Shahreban (Diyala) to 1083 CH in Amedi, Deraluk, Dinarte, Kani Masi, and Shiladize (Duhok), and Barzan (Erbil), with an average of 886 CH. The chilling units (CU, Utah Model) with 6 classes ranged from 507 CU (Shahreban, Diyala) to 1135 CU (Hizawa, Duhok), with an average of 927 CU. However, the chilling portions with 7 classes ranged from 30.0 CP in Shahreban to 58.3 CP in Ahmad Awa, Khurmal, Penjwin, Sirwan, and Zalm (Salaymaniyah), with an average of 49.5 CP. Growing degree hours with 7 classes ranged from 1136 GDH Choman, Galala, Haji Omaran and Samilan (Erbil) to 8564 GDH in Shahreban, with an average of 3256 GDH. All models were strongly correlated with location parameters, the highest strong correlations were found between each CP and GDH with AAT. The observations emphasized that both CU and CP models are more accurate than CH model for estimation of chilling and growing degree hours (units) in Kurdistan region-Iraq.
A Convolutional Neural Network Approach to Robust Crop Health Monitoring
Authors: Jariwala Soham , Jain Reetu
Published: March 2024

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have opened up new possibilities in
a variety of fields, including plant pathology. Through image analysis,
this study aims to take advantage of CNNs’ capacity to recognize and
categorize plant illnesses. Automated disease identification has
potential for prompt intervention and crop preservation in modern times,
when agricultural output assumes critical relevance. This work
elaborates on the application and assessment of a CNN-based model
designed for the detection of plant diseases. The technology separates
healthy plants from those with problems by taking pictures of plants and
putting them through the trained model. The growing demand for effective
disease monitoring and management in the agriculture industry highlights
the urgency of this research. The suggested model shows promising
accuracy and dependability by utilising a large dataset and stringent
evaluation metrics. This research highlights the potential of CNNs as a
workable tool for upgrading agricultural practices by using a systematic
approach. The results of this study shed light on both the strengths and
weaknesses of CNNs in the context of automated plant disease diagnosis.
جدلية العدالة بين أرسطو وجون رولز (المساواة والإنصاف)
Authors: سعدون جنان , المعلة جميل
Published: March 2024

لم تكن العدالة ذات بعد محدد فلا يمكن إدراجها تحت بند الأخلاق أو السياسية فقط لما لها من أدوار وتأثيرات متعددة قد تطال جميع جوانب الحياة، لذلك كان من الصعب الظفر بتعريف جامع شامل للعدالة، وعليه تعددت التعريفات بحسب وجهات النظر وبحسب الظروف التي تحتم على الفيلسوف مراعاتها لتحقيق التوازن بين ما يروم إليه وبين تداعيات المجتمع والفرد، هذا بالإضافة لارتباط العدالة بالعديد من المفاهيم مثل المساواة والخير وغيرها، لكن رغم ارتباطها بالمساواة إلا أنه من غير الممكن أن تكون المساواة تعبير عن العدالة، لأنه من غير العدل أن يتساوى في الحقوق والواجبات الضعفاء من يعانون من أمراض مستعصية تجعل منهم أقل حظًا في المجتمع مع من أهم اصحاء وبكامل قواهم العقلية، ولا يمكن بحسب ارسطو أن يتساوى السياسي مع غيره أو أن تتساوى المرأة مع الرجل أو الرق مع السادة، إذن الفروقات موجودة في جميع المجتمعات ولايمكن تجاهلها وان من الضرورة ايجاد الحلول لمعالجتها فلجأ جون رولز ومن قبله ارسطو إلى مفهوم العدالة التوزيعية القائمة على مبدأ التفاوت أو الاختلاف.
The strategies of Decentralization and Hybridization in Nadine Gordimer`s July`s people
Authors: Hussein Ameer , Serhan Qassim
Published: March 2024

The dichotomy of centre vs periphery is a central idea in postcolonial theory and an important model to describe the relationship between colonizer and colonized. The aim of this paper is to examine the dichotomy of centre and periphery in postcolonial theory and how this dialectic is manifested in July's People by the South African prolific writer Nadine Gordimer. The African novel is an important off shoot of postcolonial novel since it documents the native`s struggle to restore their lost identities. South African novel written by white authors is a unique version of this trend of fiction since it dramatizes the awkward ambivalent experience of white authors being torn between two opposing traditions : the European and the indigenous. The dichotomy of centre and  periphery becomes subject to modification and revision in the newly born multicultural society especially after the apartheid.
توظيف استراتيجية الاقناع في تنمية وعي جمهور الشباب بأخلاقيات الإعلان الرقمي
Authors: عبد الامير علي , جديع عبد الستار
Published: March 2024

يعد الإعلان بشكل عام بأنه شكل من اشكال الاتصال الاقناعي ويستخدم ستراتيجيات اللغة والرموز والصور والموسيقى والصوت لتغير سلوك المستهلك تجاه السلع والخدمات كذلك يستخدم المواقف والاتجاهات وتبني قيم استهلاكية جديده الإعلان له القدرة على صناعتها بعد ان اصبح الإعلان الرقمي يشكل هاجساً قوياً لدى المتلقي للرسالة الإعلانية وبدا يحاصر الجمهور من كل جانب ويستخدم قيم وانماط إيجابية وسلبية في بعض الأحيان . وكذلك تبنى أساليب واستراتيجيات إقناعيه في الرسائل الاعلانية .من هنا تمت صياغة المشكلة البحثية لدراستنا وهي  ما مدى إمكانية توظيف استراتيجيات الاقناع في توعية جمهور الطلبة بأخلاقيات الإعلان الرقمي بوصف احد الأنشطة الاتصالية التي تهدف الى التأثير في سلوك المستهلك وإقناعه باقتناء البضائع والسلع .ومن خلال اجراء تجربة علمية على مجموعة من طلبة قسم الاعلام /كلية الاداب /جامعة الانبار ،بلغت قوامها ( 30) مفردة ،تم التوصل الى وجود فروق علمية لصالح الاساليب الاقناعية ودورها في تنمية الوعي جمهور باخلاقيات الاعلان الرقمي ومدى مراعاتها في مضمون في بناء الرسالة الاعلانية مما يعطي مؤشرات واضحة واجابية بشان اهمية الدور الفاعل والايجابي للاقناع في تحقيق الهدف من الاعلان الرقمي بشكل خاص.
PENGGUNAAN CAMPUR KODE PADA YOUTUBER
Authors: Sri Budi Astuti
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini memaparkan penggunaan campur kode dalam tuturan konten kuliner Budiono Sukses (BS) yang ditayangkan di dalam YouTube. Fokus penelitian ini adalah tuturan BS yang mengandung campur kode. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan penggunaan campur kode pada konten kuliner BS. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah tuturan BS yang memiliki konten kuliner. Data penelitian ini adalah kata, frasa, dan kalimat yang mengandung campur kode. Prosedur pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah (1) mengunduh konten dari YouTube, (2) menyimak konten, (3) mengidentifikasi konten, (4) mengklasifikasi konten, (5) mentranskripsi konten, (6) mengode data berdasarkan indikator. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif.  Berdasarkan analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tuturan BS mengandung campur kode ke dalam dan campur ke luar.
PELANGGARAN KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA DALAM KOMENTAR VIDEO KLIP LAGU BAD ASS KARIN NOVILDA DI YOUTUBE EDISI FEBRUARI 2017
Authors: Dista Anggry Prameswari  , Sri Budi Astuti
Published: March 2024

This research is based on a video clip song Bad Ass different from other video clips. Bad Ass’s video clip is a new video clip with an unflattering scene concept. This study aims to describe the violation of language politeness that includes modesty tact maxim, approbation maxim, modestky maxim, agreement maxim, generosity maxim, and sympath maxim in the comments video klip song Bad Ass Karin Novilda on Youtube. The data in this study are words or phrases in the form of comments that contain violations of language modesty tact maxim, approbation maxim, modestky maxim, agreement maxim, generosity maxim, and sympath maxim. Sources of data in this study is a commentary from the video clip song Bad Ass by Karin Novilda in Social Media Internet that is Youtube edition of February 2017. The techniques of collecting data of this research is technique of free capability and technique of note. Data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of data analysis can be concluded that the violation of politeness language in comments video clip song Bad Ass Karin Novilda on Youtube February 2017 edition. At the modesty maxim is able to maximize the benefits of others. The approbation maxim is able to minimize reproaches in the other side. The maxim agreement is indicated by the agreement between the self and the other person. The maxim sympathy is shown to have as much sympathy as possible in the other side. The maxim generosity is shown to be generosity on the other side. Maxim of praise is able to maximize praise on the other side.
Planning of Marketing Strategy based on the Results of Analysis of Profitability Ratios and Activity Ratios (Case Study: PT Semen Indonesia Tbk)
Authors: Usada Untung
Published: March 2024

Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk is a manufacturing company engaged in cement production. This product is widely used for infrastructure development, so good cement quality is expected. Producers are expected to produce cement in accordance with consumer expectations and needs. The aim is to obtain high sales turnover. To meet sales targets, a good strategy is needed that is based on real conditions in the field. One of them is financial performance. Based on the financial performance report, especially the profit and activity ratios, it will be analyzed and used as a reference in determining sales strategies. The results of the financial performance analysis and SWOT analysis can formulate a sales strategy design.
Peran apoteker dalam menangani swamedikasi kasus minor illnes di apotek
Authors: Burhanudin Yasmin Ramadania , Gozali Dolih
Published: March 2024

Kesehatan adalah salah satu aspek penting dalam kehidupan. Kesehatan merupakan cerminan dari tingkat standar hidup yang dimiliki suatu individu. Apabila suatu saat individu tersebut mengalami gangguan kesehatan, maka hal utama yang dilakukan ialah berupaya sembuh melalui pengobatan sendiri atau swamedikasi. Swamedikasi biasanya dilakukan untuk mengatasi keluhan minor illness (gangguan kesehatan ringan) yang banyak dialami oleh masyarakat, seperti batuk, influenza, maag, pusing, batuk, diare, infeksi cacing, dan kulit. Penyusunan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan apoteker dalam menentukan pilihan obat dalam melakukan ber-swamedikasi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan kepada masyarakat. Artikel ini diperoleh dari hasil penelusuran beberapa jurnal, didapatkan penelitian yang mengamati kemampuan apoteker dalam memberikan rekomendasi obat pada kasus minor illnes. Hasil penelusuran meliputi bahwasannya total presentase ketepatan rekomendasi untuk penyakit diare akut pada anak memperoleh nilai 13,09%, untuk penyakit diare disertai darah memperolah nilai 34,52%, untuk penyakit Dispepsia karena efek samping natrium diklofenak memperoleh nilai 21%, dan untuk penyakit dipepsia tanpa alarm symptoms memperoleh nilai 83%. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, perlu ditingkatkan kemampuan apoteker dalam memberikan saran obat saat melakukan pelayanan swamedikasi.
Empirical Analysis for Classification of Fake News through Text Representation
Authors: Krishnamurthi Ilango , V Santhi , N H Madhumitha
Published: March 2024

Fake news refers to inaccurate or deceptive information that is portrayed as legitimate news. It is intentionally generated and disseminated to mislead the public. Fake news takes on multiple forms, including altered visuals, invented narratives, and misrepresented accounts of actual occurrences, although this work focuses solely on textual content. Initially, the focus of this work is to evaluate various pre-processing techniques involved in fake news detection, such as TF-IDF, GloVe, and Integer Encoding. Each of these techniques has its own way of converting text to numerical format. Despite numerous studies in this field, there is still a research gap regarding the comparative analysis of TF_IDF (Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency), Integer Encoding, and GloVe (Global Vector for Word Representation) specifically for fake news tasks. This study aims to bridge this gap by evaluating and comparing the performance of these three popular preprocessing techniques. Next, three RNN variants are used in this experiment for the classification task. They are SimpleRNN (Simple Recurrent Neural Network), LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit). The reason behind choosing RNN variants is RNN is capable of capturing long term dependencies. It is proven to be effective in handling sequential data. It consists of memory that stores the previous important content. GloVe showed high accuracy in GRU model, and it also used only less computational resources, but LSTM took more time and required more computational resources. The results produced by GRU and LSTM for GloVe were better than the rest of the combinations. Integer Encoding also produced good results. But TF-IDF gives poor results when fed to Deep Learning models like RNN, LSTM, and GRU, but when it is fed to Machine Learning Model it gives good accuracy. This is due to sparse matrix generation based on the importance of term frequency. The findings highlight the advantages and limitations of each algorithm, providing valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners in choosing the suitable method for their specific needs. The experimental finding of this work is that GloVe with GRU produces the highest accuracy of 92.15%
Avaliação do painel de biomarcadores moleculares de bom prognóstico identificados em pacientes leucêmicos: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Almeida José Gabriel Santos de , Medeiros Ana Beatriz Monteiro de , Diniz Laíza Andrade Soares , Martins Fernanda Eduarda das Neves , Benjamin João Vitor dos Santos , Castro Mateus Almeida , Ambrósio Marcos Flávio Spínola , Salaroli Robson , Lopes Giovanna Ferreira , Pagnoncelli Maria Eduarda da Motta Fernandes , Castro Benedito Leandro Francês de , Belchior Aucelia Cristina Soares de , Silva Lúcia Patrícia Bezerra Gomes da
Published: March 2024

A leucemia é caracterizada pelo acúmulo de células cancerígenas na medula óssea que substituem a celularidade sanguínea normal. Sua classificação depende da linhagem de células atingidas, sendo de origem mielóide ou linfóide, apresentam-se como leucemias agudas ou crônicas. Objetiva-se apresentar um painel de marcadores moleculares identificados nas leucemias linfóides e mielóides, através de uma revisão integrativa. Foram encontrados na base de dados Pubmed 512 artigos publicados em inglês entre os anos de 2015 e 2020. Após a submissão desses artigos aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram eliminados 492 pesquisas, restando apenas 20. Os estudos demonstraram que os biomarcadores conseguem trazer uma melhor evolução do quadro do paciente, utilizando principalmente vias de sinalização para a inibição de alguns marcadores moleculares. Dessa forma, a utilização de biomarcadores no diagnóstico e prognóstico das leucemias, é de suma importância para o melhoramento do quadro clínico do paciente, diminuição da evolução da doença e menor recidivas de neoplasias hematológicas.
SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE CÁLCIO NA PREVENÇÃO DOS DISTÚRBIOS HIPERTENSIVOS DA GESTAÇÃO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Nascimento Bianca Thaís Silva do , Assis José Joceilson Cruz de , Santos Priscila Luiza dos , Silva Ana Kelly de Lima e , Gaya Wenia Maria de Lima , Campos Cristiane de Oliveira , Braun Isabella Alves , Saud Maria Eduarda , Silva Cleonice de Macedo Lopes , Silva Francisco de Oliveira da , Silva José de Oliveira da , Silva Francisca Maria da , Santos Elisandra Mércia Lima , Brito Francisca Bianca de Almeida , Bezerra Maria Clara Silva
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem por visa evidenciar a suplementação de cálcio na prevenção dos distúrbios hipertensivos gestacional. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, foram utilizadas as bases de dados indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF-Enfermagem e LILACS, através dos descritores: “Suplementação de cálcio”, “prevenção”, “distúrbios hipertensivos na gravidez” e “hipertensão gestacional”, afim de alcançar a respota do questionamento” Qual a relevância da suplementação do cálcio na prevenção de distúrbios hipertensivos gestacional?”. Resultando em que a suplemntação de cálcio na gestacação vem mostrando-se promissor para a implementação em protocolos de atenção ao pré-natal tendo em vista a população vulnerável com baixa ingesta de nutricional de cálcio, buscando assim promover a prevenção de distúrbios hipertensivos no período perinatal. Concluindo que mediante a literatura que a suplementação de forma orientada e acompanhada por profissionais de saúde capacitados age reduzindo hipertensão gestacional materna e, consequentemente, o risco de pré-eclâmpsia, em mulheres com baixa ingestão de cálcio prévia. Entretanto, apesar de a suplementação de cálcio parecer reduzir a pressão sanguínea diretamente, não impede a lesão endotelial associada à pré-eclâmpsia.
Panorama epidemiológico da hemorragia pós-parto no Brasil: Tendências, desafios e intervenções
Authors: Matos Daniel da Costa , Amorim Heloysi Maria Peres , Zattar Artur Kiesqui , Pelegrini Júlia Gabriela Rossi , Anese Douglas , Cabral Ketlen Cristina Silva , Pires Emilly Maria Borba , Gomes Madsely Cristina Maia , Lage Amanda Celina Bueno , Aguiar Matheus Leal Castro , Simões Isis Katarine Lopes , Silva Ana Beatriz da Cruz , Carmo Gabriele Soprano do , Oliveira Flávia Izabelly Dias Rêgo de , Vacari Ludmila , Migliorin Lívia Coutinho
Published: March 2024

A hemorragia pós-parto é uma das complicações obstétricas mais graves e potencialmente fatais enfrentadas pelas mulheres após o parto. Caracterizada pela perda excessiva de sangue após o nascimento do bebê, essa condição representa uma ameaça significativa à saúde materna em todo o mundo. A avaliação do perfil epidemiológico da hemorragia pós-parto no Brasil é de suma importância para a saúde materna e pública. Esta análise revela informações cruciais sobre a incidência, os fatores de risco, os padrões de ocorrência e as tendências temporais dessa complicação obstétrica grave. Compreender o panorama epidemiológico não apenas ajuda na identificação de grupos com maior vulnerabilidade, mas também serve para orientar a implementação de medidas preventivas e intervenções clínicas mais eficazes. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi construir um panorama epidemiológico das internações causadas por hemorragia pós-parto no Brasil, no período de 2020 a 2023. Este é um estudo ecológico de séries temporais, que usou dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) do DATASUS. Essa fonte abrangente oferece uma visão detalhada das internações na região norte do Brasil. Através desse estudo demostramos uma redução de 10% nas internações causadas por hemorragia pós-parto no Brasil, com o Sudeste sendo responsável pela maioria das internações e custos hospitalares. Além disso, identificamos que mulheres pardas com idade entre 20 a 29 anos foram as mais acometidas. A discussão sobre internações por hemorragia pós-parto é fundamental para abordar questões relacionadas à saúde materna, qualidade dos cuidados obstétricos e acesso aos serviços de saúde.
Effectiveness of the full digital flow in the confection of implant-supported single prostheses and comparative analysis between two techniques: with an abutment or direct. Cross-sectional cohort.
Authors: Gomes Assunção Alves Stephanie , Moreno de Freitas Rubens , Sartori Ivete Aparecida de Mattias
Published: March 2024

With technological advances in Dentistry, the search for more predictable, integrated, and agile planning and treatments increases. In Implantology, despite the digital flow being greatly encouraged, doubts remain about its technical success. Therefore, the aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the full digital flow using two techniques for the fabrication of implant prostheses: with an abutment or direct to the implant, comparatively evaluating the time required for interproximal adjustment to adapt the crowns, occlusal adjustment, and the need to return to the laboratory for corrections. The sample consisted of 46 patients who underwent the installation of 75 implants, treated at the ILAPEO School of Dentistry surgical clinic. They were all over 18, of both sexes and received implants in single edentulous spaces that required rehabilitation with crowns. These patients were divided into two groups, with Group I (G1), comprising 27 patients (38 implants) who had received abutments at the time of surgery, and Group II (G2) comprising 28 patients (37 implants) who had received healing caps, with 9 patients in common in both groups. In G1, scan bodies adapted to the abutments were used. In G2, they were directly adapted to the implants. The cases were scanned and sent to the laboratory. When the crowns were installed, the prosthesis adjustment data was recorded (in seconds), as well as the need to return to the laboratory for adjustments and corrections. The data from the groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. There were no statistical differences in terms of occlusal and proximal adjustment time. The need to return prosthetic work to the laboratory was compared between the groups using the chi-squared test. The GraphPad Prism 8 software (San Diego, CA, USA) was used for the statistical analysis, and all tests were applied at a significance level of 5%. Data analysis leads to the conclusion that digital flow made it possible to obtain satisfactory implant-supported single crowns in both groups. No differences were found between the two techniques regarding the time taken to adapt to the mouth and the need to return to the laboratory.
Tratamento atual da atresia de vias biliares em pacientes pediátricos: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Bernegozzi Bessa Vinicius , Casartelli Bocasanta Isadora , Walber Lima Freitas Max , Oliveira Freire do Nascimento Lucas , Araujo dos Santos Lilian , Magalhães Torezani Breno , Maia Martins Mila , Carvalho de Barros Bruna , Ferreira da Silva Pitanga Isabella , Débora Feitosa Matias Maria , Gabriel Alves de Sousa Flávio , Quintino Soares Emily
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar os aspectos epidemiológicos, diagnóstico e tratamento das pacientes pediátricos com atresia de vias biliares. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa utilizando como base de dados a BVS, a SciELO, o LILACS e o PubMed, nos últimos 5 anos. Foram avaliados 272 artigos sobre o tema com ênfase em uma síntese dos conhecimentos mais recentes e de maior consistência científica. Conclui-se que a cirurgia de Kasai é o tratamento de escolha, apresenta melhor prognóstico se realizada nos três primeiros meses de vida, mas é um procedimento que apresenta falha em um número significativo de casos.
"أثر إستثمار رأس المال البشري على كفاءة المخرجات طبقاً لرؤية المملكة2030" دراسة تطبيقية على المؤسسات التعليمية (مدارس جنوب جدة)
Authors:   جامعة جدة, الشهري رحمة محمد , القحطاني فوزية حسن
Published: March 2024

إن استثمار رأس المال البشري هو جهد يستهدف الاستثمار في البشر كماً وكيفاً وذلك من أجل تعزيز العدالة العملية والمهنية وبالتالي النمو الاقتصادي، وذلك بتمكين كل مستويات المهن مع تحديد الاستراتيجيات والخطط الملائمة لاستثمار الموارد البشرية على الوجه الأمثل، وقد هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر استثمار رأس المال البشري على كفاءة المخرجات طبقاً لرؤية المملكة 2030 بالتطبيق على المؤسسات التعليمية (مدارس جنوب جده). ، وكذا تشخيص واقع استثمار رأس المال البشري فيها من خلال الأبعاد (المهارات، الخبرات، المعارف).استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ، ولأغراض هذه الدراسة تم تطوير استبانة مكونة قسمين: الأول تناول البيانات الشخصية لأفراد عينة الدراسة ،أما القسم الثاني فتناول متغيرات الدراسة المتمثلة في استثمار رأس المال البشري كمتغير مستقل ، وتم قياسه من خلال سبعة أبعاد: (المعرفة، الخبرة العلمية، الابتكار والإبداع، المهارات والقدرات، فريق العمل، الولاء التنظيمي، التدريب) ، وكفاءة المخرجات كمتغير تابع ، وتم نشر الاستبانة عبر نماذج جوجل كأداة استطلاع أراء عينة الدراسة، تم توزيع الرابط الالكتروني على عينة عشوائية من المبحوثين ، وتم استقبال(100) إجابة صالحة للتحليل
بدائل تمويل التعليم العام من وجهة نظر قادة المدارس الحكومية بالمدينة المنورة
Authors: عائش الحربي عبدالعزيز عويش
Published: March 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على بدائل تمويل التعليم العام من خلال التمويل الذاتي للمدارس ومساهمة القطاع الخاص والمجتمع المحلي، والتعرف على المعوقات التي تحول دونها وذلك من وجهة نظر قادة مدارس البنين الحكومية بالمدينة المنورة. ولتحقيق الغرض من الدراسة استخدم الباحث المنهج الكمي. وقد طور الباحث استبانة كأداة للدراسة وتم تحكيمها من قبل الخبراء في هذا المجال. وقد تم توزيع الاستبانة على مجتمع الدراسة والذي تكوّن من جميع قادة مدارس التعليم العام الحكومية للبنين بالمدينة المنورة والبالغ عددها 288 مدرسة وذلك باستخدام نماذج قوقل بعد أن تم أخذ الإذن الرسمي من إدارة التعليم بمنطقة المدينة المنورة