bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Lu Shan , Huang Zisheng , Liu Baitao , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2024

Review
Metabolomics in Cardiovascular Diseases

Shan Lu 1,†, Zisheng Huang 2,†, Baitao Liu 3, and Yan Zhang 1,*
1  Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100871, China
2  School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3  Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
†  These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Correspondence: zhangyan9876@pku.edu.cn

Received: 10 July 2023; Revised: 25 September 2024; Accepted: 26 September 2024; Published: 25 October 2024

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and disorders of cardiac energy metabolism are the main contributors to many cardiovascular pathologies. Metabolomics is a science that examines the types and amounts of metabolites and the patterns of change in biological systems after stimulation or perturbation. Metabolites are widely distributed in the body and have universal regulatory effects on a wide range of physiological activities. Metabolism is at the end of the regulation of life activities, so metabolomics is closer to phenotypes than genomics and transcriptom-ics, and can reflect the state of biological systems more accurately. Metabolomics, a cross-cutting dis-cipline emerging in the post-genomics era, has rapidly penetrated into many fields of medicine, im-proves understanding of complex diseases and generates more new discoveries and hypotheses. Therefore, metabolomics helps detect metabolic changes in the course of CVDs, search for biomarkers, and further study the pathogenesis of CVDs. In this review, we intend to comprehensively summarize the principles, classification and applications in CVDs of metabolomics.
Immune Checkpoints Are New Therapeutic Targets in Regulating Cardio-, and Cerebro-Vascular Diseases and CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Immunosuppression
Authors: Shao Ying , Yang William Y. , Nanayakkara Gayani , Saaoud Fatma , Issa Mohammed Ben , Xu Keman , Liu Yifan , Jiang Xiaohua , Mohsin Sadia , Wang Hong , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: December 2024

Review
Immune Checkpoints Are New Therapeutic Targets in Regulating Cardio-, and Cerebro-Vascular Diseases and CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Immunosuppression

Ying Shao 1,2,†, William Y. Yang 1,†, Gayani Nanayakkara 3,†, Fatma Saaoud 1,†, Mohammed Ben Issa 1,†, Keman Xu 1, Yifan Lu 1, Xiaohua Jiang 1,2, Sadia Mohsin 4, Hong Wang 2, and Xiaofeng Yang 1,2,*
1  Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
2  Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
3  Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA
4  Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center (ACDC), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
* Correspondence: xfyang@temple.edu
† These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: 6 September 2024; Revised: 29 September 2024; Accepted: 30 September 2024; Published: 26 November 2024

Abstract: Although previous reviews explored the roles of selected immune checkpoints (ICPs) in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cerebrovascular diseases from various perspectives, many related aspects have yet to be thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. Our comprehensive review addresses this gap by discussing the cellular functions of ICPs, focusing on the tissue-specific and microenvironment-localized transcriptomic and posttranslational regulation of ICP expressions, as well as their functional interactions with metabolic reprogramming. We also analyze how 14 pairs of ICPs, including CTLA-4/CD86-CD80, PD1-PDL-1, and TIGIT-CD155, regulate CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, the review covers the roles of ICPs in modulating CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), T cells, and innate immune cells in various CVDs and cerebrovascular diseases. Furthermore, we outline seven immunological principles to guide the development of new ICP-based therapies for CVDs. This timely and thorough analysis of recent advancements and challenges provide new insights into the role of ICPs in CVDs, cerebrovascular diseases and Tregs, and will support the development of novel therapeutics strategies for these diseases.
On the Surface Compositions of Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Yu Siying , Yang Hong
Published: December 2024

Perspective
On the Surface Compositions of Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Applications

Siying Yu and Hong Yang *

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
* Correspondence: hy66@illinois.edu
Received: 28 November 2024; Accepted: 2 December 2024; Published: 6 December 2024
 

Abstract: Molybdenum carbide has attracted much research attention for its precious metal-like catalytic properties, especially in hydrogen-involved reactions. It possesses rich crystal and surface structures leading to different activity and product selectivity. With advances in nanoengineering and new understanding of their surfaces and interfaces, one can control the transition between different phases and surface structures for molybdenum carbide nanoparticles. In this context, it is essential to understand their surface compositions and structures under operating conditions in addition to their intrinsic ones under ambient conditions without external cues. The necessity of surface study also comes from the mild oxidation brought by passivation in carbide nanoparticles. made using the bottom-up synthesis or solid-gas phase temperature-programmed reduction. In this perspective, we first introduce the relevant crystal structures of molybdenum carbides and highlight the features of the three types of chemical bonding within. We then briefly review the studies of thermodynamically favored surface components and nanostructures for partially oxidized molybdenum carbide nanoparticles based on both experimental and theoretical data. An electrochemical oxidation method is used to illustrate the feasibility in controlling and understanding the surface oxidation. Finally, structure-property relationship is discussed with several recent examples, focusing on the effect of phase dependency on the adsorption energy of reaction intermediates.
Assessing Asphalt Binder Aging with 1H Spin-lattice NMR Relaxometry: A Comparative Study of Temperature and UV Radiation Effects
Authors: Herndon Rebecca M. , Abdelrahman Magdy , Woelk Klaus
Published: December 2024

Objective: Asphalt binder, a byproduct of the crude-oil refining process, is commonly used in road construction due to its favorable response to physical stresses. However, it is also susceptible to environmental aging, including temperature variations and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Standard laboratory methods for studying asphalt binder aging primarily focus on factors like temperature, pressure, and oxygen, often neglecting the impact of UV radiation. This study employs 1H spin-lattice nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry to investigate the effects of UV radiation on asphalt binder aging compared to temperature-induced aging.

Methods: Primary relaxation times and ratios were derived from a bi-exponential fit of the experimental relaxation decay induced by a 200-MHz NMR magnet. NMR relaxometry analysis revealed that 90% (0.9 primary ratio) of the protons in unaged asphalt binders exhibited a characteristic primary spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of approximately 470ms.

Results: Cold exposure did not significantly alter these parameters. Mimicked heat aging, which considered only temperature and duration, resulted in slight increases in both the primary relaxation time and ratio. In contrast, after 72h of UV exposure, binders showed variable T1 values at a significantly decreased primary ratio. This variability was summarized with the new performance parameter, the Herbaw. Further testing showed that standardized heat aging, which considered sample size and pressure, reduced both the primary relaxation time and ratio when compared to the mimicked aging.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate that UV radiation induces significant structural changes in asphalt binder, which can be effectively detected using spin-lattice NMR relaxometry. The Herbaw performance parameter was successful in describing the variability of the UV aging which greatly impacted the primary ratio, indicating oxidative stress. The Herbaw Parameter was not as successful in describing heat aging since only slight changes in the primary relaxation time were detected. While the hydrogen environments were not significantly impacted, temperature-based aging may depend on multiple mechanisms.
Nano Technology in Water Treatment: A Case Study of Mysore City
Authors:   Professor, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India, Jayashree P , Ramya R , Minutha V
Published: December 2024

Water is one of the essential companions of life on earth. During the phases of creation, evolution and continuity of life on earth, water remained as its most vital component. Clean and fresh water is essential for the existence of life. Potential water scarcity is being recognized as a threat to human activity. Water resources continue to diminish due to overuse, waste, and pollution. The current water treatment capacities for securing clean water will be unable to meet the needs of the growing population. Clean drinking water is becoming an increasingly limited resource in many parts of the world and as consequence water purification technologies are gaining major attention worldwide. Sustainable development of water treatment technologies requires innovative techniques to provide safe drinking water in a cost and energy efficient manner. Against this background, the adaptation of highly advanced, Nanotechnology in particular, offers the potential of long-term solutions to increase energy efficiency and lower costs, through the adaptation of advanced filtration materials that enable greater water quality and reuse. The present study aims to understand the filtration capacity of the units that are located in the study area, to study the nanotechnology used in filtration of drinking water, and how nanotechnology impact on environment in the study area. The present study is based on both Primary and secondary source data. The study was conducted in Mysore city; primary data have been collected from field survey and personal observation. Data is analyzed through simple quantitative techniques like Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The result show that the role of nanotechnology in water treatment is overestimated; while advantages are not more than theoretical assumptions, while the disadvantages are almost certain. Waste waters stay toxic after treatment by nano materials.

Keywords

Nano Technology, Pearson's Correlation, Filtration
Geospatial Perspective for Innovative Planning and Management of Watershed
Authors:   Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Ibrahim-Bathis K , Ahmed Ashfaq Syed , Nischitha V
Published: December 2024

Innovative watershed management is intense to unravelling watershed related problems on a sustainable manner. Planning and managing developmental practices in the watershed on a sustainable basis usually integrate water or land and both in the present in such a way to attain its goal in the future also. The water-related problems in rain-fed agriculture are often related to high intensity and short duration rainfall, with large spatial and temporal variability, rather than to the low cumulative amount of rainfall. For the innovative planning and Management in the watershed, analysing land degradation through the prioritisation watersheds, assessing the surface runoff, evaluating the Spatio-temporal distribution of the hydrological constraints, groundwater potential zone delineations and the suitable sites for the Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) are considered by spatial multi-criteria evaluation from the several thematic layers that are determined from the remote sensing and GIS technologies. These innovative spatial technologies contribute to reducing vulnerability to climate change and help minimise or even reverse land degradation. The sustainable RWH will improve the surface and ground water level, this in turn improve the economy of the watershed.

Keywords: Geospatial, Innovations, Watershed, Rain­fed agriculture, Prioritisation, Groundwater
Unveiling the Micro Level Impediments of Geomorphology and Climatic Conditions in the Gundal Sub Basin with the Aid of Geospatial Techniques
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, India, Gangadhara G , Das S Arun
Published: December 2024

The scientific trend in geo informatics has brought tremendous impetus to the field of physical geography related aspects of the study. The Gundal sub basin which lies in the extreme south of the Mysore district of the Karnataka State India is in the crossroads of agriculture development. With the aid of the geo spatial tools and techniques, the Present research helps to find the influence of geo morphometric and climatic conditions on the overall planning in the Gundal basin. To formulate the geo spatial situation of the basin into a meaningful scientific oriented approach, linear, areal, and relief aspects of morphometric have been considered along with the Climatic conditions like temperature, precipitation, and Humidity factors. The geo-informatics tools such as Arc Hydrology, watershed delineation, IDW, SRTM data set and NASA climatic dataset have been used. Based on the derived results a micro basin has been studied to unveil the controlling factors posing strong impediments to the development.

Keywords

Climate, Morphometric, Arc Hydro tool, Watershed delineation, IDW
Qualidade de sementes de milho infestadas com Sitophilus zeamais após aplicação de extratos vegetais e terra de diatomácea
Authors: Conceição Edileuza dos Reis Souza , David Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza , Paraizo Eliene Almeida , Soares Larissa Medeiros , Figueiredo Josiane Cantuária , Alvarenga Clarice Diniz , Amaro Hugo Tiago Ribeiro , Custodio Debora Cristina Santos , Silva Jaqueline Pereira Medeiros da
Published: December 2024

O armazenamento adequado constitui-se etapa essencial na produção de sementes de qualidade, visto que a presença de pragas durante esse período pode comprometer a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, resultando em perdas de peso, desvalorização comercial, perda no valor nutritivo e diminuição no poder germinativo das sementes. Nesse sentido, a busca por produtos alternativos capazes de atenuar tais efeitos, além de não causar danos ao ser humano e ao meio ambiente, se torna de grande relevância. Objetivou-se como esse trabalho avaliar o efeito de extratos vegetais e terra de diatomácea na qualidade de sementes de milho infestadas com Sitophilus zeamais durante o armazenamento. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, sendo cinco tratamentos (controle sem inseto, controle com inseto, semente com inseto e tratadas com extratos vegetais em pó de crambe e de nim e semente com inseto tratadas com terra de diatomácea) e cinco tempos de armazenamento (0; 30; 60; 90 e 120 dias), com 5 repetições por tratamento. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à germinação e vigor (protrusão radicular, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de plântulas e condutividade elétrica). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância. Os tratamentos das sementes foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey (5%) e os efeitos dos tempos de armazenamento foram estudados por análise de regressão. Os extratos vegetais estudados mostraram-se eficientes na manutenção da viabilidade de sementes de milho infestadas com Sitophilus zeamais por até 30 dias de armazenamento, oferecendo uma proteção temporária. Por sua vez, a terra de diatomácea preservou a viabilidade das sementes por um período de 120 dias de armazenamento, configurando-se como uma alternativa mais duradoura para o controle de pragas em sementes armazenadas.
O Reiki como terapia complementar e integrativa no manejo da dor em pacientes oncológicos
Authors: Madeiro Lisiane Silva , Honorato Ana , Pereira Anna Karolina da Silva , Alencar Auriane de Sousa , Santos Débora Fontes , Izidoro Jaqueline da Silva , Danelon Joice Aparecida Galo de Avela , Frazão Luisa Rayane Silva Bezerra , Viana Maria Milaneide Lima , Silva Merlayne Pâmela de Oliveira e , Ferreira Vinicius Henrique Alves , Pinto Vítor Nascimento de Carvalho
Published: December 2024

Esta revisão tem o objetivo de analisar, em pacientes oncológicos, se o uso de Reiki associado ao tratamento convencional, em comparação apenas à terapêutica padrão promove a melhora do bem-estar e/ou quadro clínico e da dor. O que justifica o objeto de estudo, como uma possível conduta alternativa para minimizar o sofrimento dos pacientes com agravos da neoplasia. A revisão sistemática da literatura em consulta à Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, entre 2014 – 2024, utilizando o método PICO para a construção da pergunta norteadora: quais os benefícios do Reiki aliado ao tratamento convencional, em pacientes com neoplasia? A pesquisa identificou 107 artigos no universo global, que após (aplicação dos) os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram contemplados para a apreciação crítica e síntese de conhecimento dez artigos. Como resultados no bem-estar, na redução da dor, ansiedade, depressão, taxas cardíacas e respiratórias e da fadiga na redução do uso de analgésicos. Além de benefícios gerais: equilíbrios energético, emocional, espiritual e físico em pacientes com câncer. Essas descobertas evidenciam que as equipes multiprofissionais oncológicas treinadas podem inserir o Reiki em sua prática clínica como um instrumento válido para diminuir o sofrimento do câncer, podendo tais iniciativas serem realizadas e mantidas. As descobertas sugerem que o Reiki pode ser uma ferramenta benéfica na autogestão de problemas de qualidade de vida, ansiedade, dor, humor e sofrimento sintomático durante a quimioterapia.
Direito à moradia e envelhecimento: avaliação do programa habitacional voltado às pessoas idosas no estado do Paraná
Authors: Scheffer Sandra Maria , Oliveira Maria Iolanda de , Ferreira Lincon Mioduski
Published: December 2024

O direito à moradia, reconhecido como direito social em documentos internacionais e nacionais, é essencial para garantir uma vida digna. Esse direito, articulado a outros direitos sociais, deve ser assegurado pelo Estado por meio de políticas públicas. O envelhecimento, processo heterogêneo permeado por aspectos culturais, políticos, econômicos e sociais, é também um direito humano, respaldado por normativas internacionais da ONU e OEA que Estados signatários, como o Brasil, comprometem-se a respeitar, promovendo políticas públicas e programas voltados ao bem-estar da população idosa. No âmbito nacional, a Constituição Federal, a Política Nacional do Idoso e o Estatuto da Pessoa Idosa garantem à pessoa idosa, a moradia como direito social cuja provisão é dever do Estado, em todas as esferas. Neste artigo, criticamente, o objetivo é realizar um estudo do desenho do programa habitacional Casa Fácil PR, modalidade Viver Mais, voltada às pessoas idosas, visando a avaliação de elementos relevantes do contrato de Locação Social, com foco na relação entre o processo de envelhecimento e o direito constitucional à moradia. Com natureza qualitativa e exploratória o estudo envolveu revisão bibliográfica sobre moradia e envelhecimento e análise de documentos do programa Casa Fácil PR – Viver Mais, além de informações do site da COHAPAR. Identificou-se que, embora o programa/modalidade atenda ao direito à moradia, alguns aspectos comprometem a segurança, estabilidade, autonomia e bem-estar das pessoas idosas, dificultando o objetivo de proporcionar um ambiente seguro e adequado às suas necessidades.
The role of GLP-1 analog drugs in the weight loss process
Authors: Vignoli Julia Menezes , Monnerat Maria Eduarda Lutterbach Guimarães , Riguetti Sara Lima , Gantus Michel Alexandre Villani , Mesquita-Santos Fabio Pereira , Fortes Fabio da Silva de Azevedo , Franzen Anderson Jack
Published: December 2024

Introduction: This study is an integrative literature review that addresses the use of medications analogous to the GLP-1 hormone in the treatment of chronic comorbidities, such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and obesity, due to their insulinotropic and weight-loss potential. Objective: The objective is to present and compare data on the therapeutic efficacy of the medications discussed in this review, as well as to highlight side effects and the specificities of each user. Methodology: A bibliographic search was conducted on the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Virtual Health Library (BVS) platforms. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected to support this integrative literature review. Results: Among the 14 reviewed articles, despite minor variations in the efficacy percentages in terms of weight loss and reduction of HbA1c, it was concluded that Tirzepatide (10-15 mg) is the most effective analog, compared to Semaglutide (2.4 mg), Liraglutide (3 mg), and Dulaglutide (1.5 mg), with the latter two being the least potent. Final Considerations: This research confirms the functionality of GLP-1 agonist medications in treating obesity and high blood glucose levels, as well as clarifying the possible side effects presented during treatment.
Avaliação dos benefícios da utilização de misturas asfálticas mornas
Authors: Bento Filipe Rodrigues , Gonçalves Gabriel Lucas da Silva , Batista Guilherme Gonçalves da Costa , Paiva Vitória Lorraine Rocha , Viana Harley Francisco
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os benefícios da utilização de misturas asfálticas mornas (MAM), produzidas com aditivo surfactante, em relação às misturas asfálticas quentes (MAQ) convencionais. Para essa análise, foram selecionados dois trechos experimentais, cada um com um tipo de aplicação: um com a mistura convencional e outro com a mistura morna. A partir da aplicação em condições reais, o estudo buscou comparar o desempenho dos dois tipos de misturas, considerando aspectos como consumo de energia, tempo de aquecimento das caldeiras durante a usinagem, perda de calor durante o transporte, absorção de água, e densidade aparente do pavimento, a fim de avaliar a eficiência operacional e os possíveis ganhos ambientais associados ao uso da mistura morna. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as MAM proporcionam um aumento significativo na densidade da mistura, indicando uma melhor compactação e maior durabilidade do pavimento. No entanto, observou-se um aumento na absorção de água em algumas amostras, o que requer investigações mais aprofundadas. A principal vantagem da utilização de MAM reside na redução do consumo de combustível, decorrente da menor temperatura de produção. Essa redução contribui para a diminuição dos custos de produção e para a redução das emissões de gases poluentes. Conclui-se que as misturas asfálticas mornas apresentam um grande potencial para a construção de pavimentos mais sustentáveis e econômicos.
Research on Intelligent Inventory Management System Based on Automation and Real-Time Data Processing
Authors: Gong Hao , Hui Honglin
Published: December 2024

With the expansion of enterprise scale and business complexity, traditional manual recording and manual management methods can no longer meet the needs of modern enterprises for accurate inventory control. This paper studies and designs an intelligent inventory management system, which aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of inventory management, reduce errors, optimize costs, and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises through automation and digitalization. The system adopts modern technical frameworks such as Spring Boot and Vue, combined with UML diagram for system design, realizes the core functions such as warehousing, warehousing, inventory management and report data analysis, and considers non-functional requirements such as ease of use, scalability, security, etc., to ensure the efficient operation of the system and the convenience of operation.
INHALED ANTIBIOTICS FOR TREATING PNEUMONIA IN INVASIVELY VENTILATED PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: ABDELRAHMAN BA , RANA MA , AWAD AHA , ABDELBAKY AM , ELMASRY WG , SIDDIQUI MH , AHMAD M
Published: December 2024

Pneumonia in invasively ventilated patients is a significant concern in the intensive care unit (ICU), often associated with increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and high mortality rates. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens further complicates management. Inhaled antibiotics (IABs) have gained attention as an adjunctive or alternative treatment modality to systemic antibiotics, offering direct drug delivery to the lungs with potentially enhanced efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity. This review explores the role of inhaled antibiotics in treating pneumonia in invasively ventilated patients, focusing on pharmacological considerations, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and limitations. Relevant evidence is derived from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, incorporating the latest studies and clinical trials to provide a comprehensive understanding.
Ligand-Modulated Cu Reconstruction to Steer the Hydride/Hydroxyl Pathway of Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Peng Yang
Published: December 2024

Reconstructing metal-organic complexes effectively generates hybrid nanocatalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (eCO2R), but the role of metal-ligand interactions in shaping these hybrids and their influence on the electronic states of the reduced Cu species remain unclear. Herein, we impregnate Cu(II) acetate (Cu(OAc)2) into two Zirconium-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with different ligands to in situ construct Cu-based nanocatalysts for eCO2R. We show that Cu-ligand interactions crucially determine the transformation of Cu(OAc)2 during electrolysis, with biphenyl linkers forming agglomerated Cu2O particles and bipyridine linkers yielding highly dispersed Cu crystallites. This ligand-modulated Cu reconstruction diverges eCO2R towards C2 and C1 pathways, with agglomerated Cu2O particles producing C2+ products and smaller Cu crystallites achieving a maximum CH4 Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 60.3% ± 0.5% at 600 mA/cm2. In situ IR and Raman spectra unveil that larger Cu2O particles accumulate Cu-OH, increasing local alkalinity and *CO coverage, which favors asymmetric C-C coupling to yield C2+ products. Conversely, smaller Cu crystallites undergo rapid consumption of OH- and Cu-OH, decreasing alkalinity and promoting metal hydride (M-H) formation and sequential hydrogenation of *CO toward CH4 production. This study signifies the exploitation of metal-organic filler-host interactions to manipulate catalyst reconstruction for tailoring local environment towards selective eCO2R.
Development of Solution-Processed p-Type Polycrystalline SnSe Thermoelectric Nanomaterials
Authors: Liu Yu
Published: December 2024

SnSe has emerged as a promising mid-temperature thermoelectric (TE) material, noted for its intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity and favorable electronic properties. Solution-processing provides a scalable and adaptable approach to synthesizing polycrystalline SnSe, allowing for precise control over nanostructure, defect density, and dopant distribution, which are essential factors in optimizing TE performance. Advances in doping/alloying, defect engineering and surface functionalization have been shown to enhance carrier concentrations, Seebeck coefficients, and reduced lattice thermal conductivity in p-type SnSe, resulting in notable TE efficiency. However, achieving comparable efficiency in solution-processed n-type SnSe remains challenging due to limited electron carrier concentration. In addition, low carrier mobility further limits the TE performance of polycrystalline SnSe at low temperatures. This perspective briefly explores the development of solution-processed SnSe nanostructures, with a focus on ongoing advancements in processing techniques and optimization strategies essential for promoting solution-processed SnSe toward practical TE applications.
Brain-computer interfaces in cognitive rehabilitation for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yang Wanning
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects individuals in late adulthood and early adulthood. Its prevalence is rising annually, posing a significant challenge to global public health. While existing pharmacological agents can modestly retard the progression of the disease, they are unable to enhance the cognitive function of patients meaningfully. As an emerging intervention, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology offers a novel cognitive rehabilitation pathway for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. In light of the current state of research on Alzheimer's disease, this paper examines the underlying mechanisms of AD-related cognitive impairment and elucidates the fundamental principles and cognitive rehabilitation theories associated with the brain-computer interface. It highlights the potential applications of BCI in various aspects of Alzheimer's disease management, including diagnosis, monitoring, assessment, and personalized rehabilitation training. This discussion underscores the promise and value of BCI technology in addressing the cognitive challenges associated with Alzheimer's disease and provides insights into the future directions of BCI research in this field.
Study on the carbon sequestration effect of biochar in vegetable fields
Authors: Gan Yining
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted using a field experiment methodology aimed at assessing the effects of biochar application on tomato growth and soil properties in greenhouse greenhouses. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced by pyrolysis of biomass under anoxic conditions, has attracted attention for its potential in soil amelioration, carbon sequestration, and soil fertility enhancement. In this experiment, three biochar application levels of 0, 20, and 40 t/ha were designed to investigate the effects of different application rates on soil chemical properties and tomato growth.The study results showed that biochar application significantly increased soil pH by 0.05 to 0.1 units, which was beneficial in regulating acidic soil. Meanwhile, biochar application significantly increased total soil carbon content by 7.5 to 28.8%, indicating its effectiveness in enhancing soil carbon sequestration capacity. Although the enhancement of total soil nitrogen content by biochar was small (3.1 to 7.8%), this increase had a positive effect on crop growth. Considering the cost-effectiveness, this study recommends a one-time application of 40 t/ha of biochar, which can maintain the effect for at least 2 years, reducing the need for frequent applications and the associated economic costs.This study provides recommendations for optimization of biochar application and provides a scientific basis for sustainable agricultural development. By improving soil properties and increasing crop yields, this study contributes to the promotion of green development of agriculture and ecological civilization, and the realization of carbon and nutrient cycling in agroecosystems.The significance of this research focuses on evaluating the effects of biochar on soil properties and tomato production, thereby providing a scientific basis for fine-tuning application levels. Such optimization promotes sustainable farming practices, reduces agricultural waste emissions, enhances carbon and nutrient dynamics within agroecosystems, and reinforces the scientific foundation essential for progressing green agricultural development and building an ecological civilization.
Analysis and research progress on the anticancer effects of Scutellaria barbata
Authors: Huang Fangfang
Published: December 2024

The most common anti-cancer therapy is to use chemotherapy drugs, but this drug has huge side effects on the patient's body, so some doctors want to study whether there are other natural drugs that can fight cancer and have fewer side effects. And Scutellaria barbata is one of the natural drugs studied by doctors. Scutellaria barbata is often used in traditional Chinese medicine to assist in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, hoping to reduce the harm of cancer cells to patients. In the database, current doctors have "dissected" the effective ingredients of Scutellaria barbata into five categories. This article analyzes three of them, including flavonoids, polysaccharides and alkaloids. This article analyzes the research on Scutellaria barbata in anti-cancer, and obtained many clinically effective case results and some proven effective ingredients. This article can provide some useful references for future research ideas, but there is still a research gap on how to extract the effective anti-cancer ingredients of Scutellaria barbata and study drugs that can effectively inhibit cancer. Future research can focus on the direction of chemical components of Scutellaria barbata.
Enterprise Intelligent Transformation and Earnings Management
Authors: Qiao Yinghui
Published: December 2024

The integration of a new generation of intelligent technology and manufacturing is profoundly changing the development model of manufacturing. Based on the sample of all A-share listed companies from 2003 to 2021, this paper examines the impact of intelligent transformation of enterprises on earnings management. The findings indicate a clear correlation between the intelligent transformation of enterprises and a notable decrease in earnings manipulation; The important ways that the intelligent transformation of enterprises affects earnings management are agency cost, media attention, and labor allocation ratio. The development level of the digital economy and the modernization level of the industrial chain play significant regulating roles between them. The influence of intelligent transformation on earnings management has the property of equity and regional heterogeneity. This paper inspires the reduction of risks in the process of intelligent transformation and the improvement of the internal governance system of enterprises. It also provides a new idea for studying the factors influencing earnings management.
Research on Obstacle Avoidance in Automatic Driving Based on SLAM Path Planning
Authors: Hu Yixiao , Yang Lang
Published: December 2024

Automatic driving based on SLAM is known as one of the key research topics today. At present, researchers have made progress in some aspects such as EKF-SLAM and Graph SLAM and some even have commercialized attempts. However, the problem of automatic driving obstacle avoidance based on SLAM still lacks a unified cognition. Therefore, the research topic of this paper is the method of obstacle avoidance in automatic driving based on SLAM trajectory planning. This paper summarizes and discusses the relevant research results by integrating relevant literature and further expounds the application of SLAM technology in automatic driving obstacle avoidance: The front-end vision based on feature point method is more mature than other front-end tracking options. EKF-SLAM algorithm is not suitable for complex large-scale maps. Image optimization SLAM is dedicated to obtaining the optimal pose, but it needs to be initialized according to the environment. Through the summary and discussion of the research results, this paper not only shows the application value of SLAM in automatic driving obstacle avoidance, but also gives readers a reference for the choice of SLAM technology
Memahami Pelaksanaan Pelatihan Literasi Digital bagi Guru: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Wahyuni Kadek Dwi , Agustini Ketut , Sudatha I Gde Wawan
Published: December 2024

Pada era digital ini, guru dituntut untuk meningkatkan keahlian dalam pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Guru yang memiliki literasi digital yang baik akan mampu mengakses, mengolah, dan menggunakan informasi serta aplikasi digital terutama dalam mendukung proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur sistematis. Tinjauan Literatur ini membahas metode pelaksanaan, materi, dan evaluasi yang diterapkan dalam melaksanakan pelatihan literasi digital bagi guru di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sistematis PRISMA, 20 publikasi ilmiah telah terpilih untuk dikaji lebih mendalam. Berdasarkan hasil olah data didapatkan hasil bahwa, metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan literasi digital dibagi menjadi tiga fase utama, yakni tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Materi yang paling banyak diberikan adalah google workspace, canva, dan aplikasi permainan pembelajaran. Sementara metode pengumpulan data evaluasi yang paling dominan adalah melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Melalui analisis terhadap literature yang relevan dan dengan memperkuat pemahaman mengenai pelatihan literasi digital,  diharapkan institusi pelatihan seperti Balai Diklat dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam mengelola pelatihan mereka, sehingga pengembangan kompetensi guru secara berkelanjutan dapat lebih dioptimalkan.
Pengaruh Model Learning Cycle 7E terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ainurrahmi Ainurrahmi , Arianto Fajar , Kholidya Citra Fitri
Published: December 2024

Pengaruh Model Learning Cycle 7E terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa: Systematic Literature Review
Di era globalisasi dan teknologi yang semakin berkembang pesat saat ini, kemampuan berpikir kritis menjadi salah satu kemampuan utama yang perlu dimiliki oleh setiap individu sesuai tuntutan abad-21. Kemampuan berpikir kritis sangat perlu untu diperhatikan dalam pendidikan, sulit untuk memilih model pembelajaran yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Beberapa model pembelajaran untuk memperkuat kemampuan berpikir kritis telah dikembangkan dan diterapkan, salah satunya adalah model learning cycle 7e. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapat model learning cycle 7e terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SRL) dengan menggunakan PRISMA yang dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi, dan mensintesis artikel yang telah didapatkan sebelumnnya. Sehingga didapatkan, bahwa model learning cycle 7e memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
Eufemisme dalam Komentar Akun Tiktok @Oklinfia.Official
Authors: Azzahra Annisa , Sinaga Mangatur , Hermandra Hermandra
Published: December 2024

Eufemisme adalah pemakaian kata atau bentuk lain untuk menghindari bentuk larangan atau bentuk yang ditabukan di dalam bahasa (Wijana dan Rohmadi, 2008). Eufemisme juga diartikan sebagai majas yang menghaluskan dari sebuah ungkapan yang dirasakan masih kasar (Suhardi, 2015). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang penulis temukan di komentar akun tiktok @Oklin_Official ada 45 data utama dari bentuk eufemisme yang diklasifikasikan berdasarkan jenis-jenis eufemisme menurut teori Allan (2001) dan Sutarman (2017). Dari 45 data utama yang menjadi data eufemisme ditinjau dari bentuk eufemisme menurut Allan dan Sutarman, 14 data utama masuk ke dalam bentuk eufemisme penggunaan singkatan, 4 data utama bentuk eufemisme kata serapan, 8 data utama bentuk eufemisme metafora, 8 data utama bentuk eufemisme istilah asing, dan 11 bentuk eufemisme kolokial. Penggunaan eufemisme dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun dalam retorika-retorika bahasa tidak terlepas dari fungsinya. Secara umum, fungsi eufemisme adalah untuk melindungi atau menjaga pembicara/penulis, pendengar/pembaca, atau semua hal dari kemungkinan penghinaan. Selain fungsi secara umum, eufemisme juga memiliki fungsi sebagai penghalus ucapan, alat untuk merahasiakan sesuatu, sebagai alat untuk berdiplomasi, sebagai alat pendidikan, dan sebagai alat untuk menolak bahaya (Karim, 2013). Terdapat 44 data utama dari bentuk eufemisme yang memiliki fungsi sebagai penghalus ucapan, alat untuk merahasiakan sesuatu, dan sebagai alat pendidikan.
Advanced Machine Learning Technique for Monitoring Cotton Production Area in Pakistan (Punjab) Using Sentinel-2 Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Zaheen Zakria , Khan Muhammad Awais , Ali Shawkat , Ullah Hidayat , Basit Abdul , Zhang Jiahua
Published: December 2024

In recent years, remote sensing has developed agriculture by leveraging satellite imagery to achieve various goals, including land classification, crop area identification, growth monitoring, pattern recognition, and agricultural surveys. This technology has been extensively used for major crops like wheat, cotton, and rice. Cotton plays a pivotal role in the global agricultural sector and economy, providing fiber and substantial income while yielding valuable by-products like seeds and banola. Researchers worldwide have developed various remote sensing methods to monitor crop production, yet there remains a research gap in Pakistan concerning the utilization of Sentinel images for monitoring cotton growth. Therefore, it is crucial to employ remote sensing technology for more precise identification of cotton growth areas in Pakistan to optimize production and resource management. In our study, we propose a remote sensing-based system using efficient machine learning models to predict cotton crop areas from satellite images. This system utilizes Sentinel-2 MSI surface reflectance images from the years 2020-2021, filtered to include less than 20% cloud cover over Punjab. It focuses on the red (B4), green (B3), and blue (B2) bands for true-colour visualization, with reflectance values ranging from 0 to 2500 and a gamma correction of 1.1, operating at a 10-meter resolution and exporting a maximum of 7,699,027 pixels. Our system feeds satellite images into a machine learning model to accurately identify and calculate the total cotton cultivation area in Punjab. It has demonstrated an accuracy rate of 90-95% in predicting cotton regions, validated against statistical data from the authoritative publication "Crop Area and Production" by the Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Government of Pakistan. By providing detailed insights into growth patterns, this technology empowers farmers to make informed decisions on optimal cotton cultivation practices. This information is essential for enhancing agricultural productivity, sustainability, and economic outcomes.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA INCLUSIVA E ADAPTADA
Authors: Brandão Lícia Ayres , Silva Luis Antonio da
Published: December 2024

Devido à crescente evolução da demanda do número de estudantes com deficiência matriculados nas escolas, é fundamental que a formação acadêmica dos docentes acompanhe o desenvolvimento do processo inclusivo para adequar e atender efetivamente às necessidades desse grupo de estudantes. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo deste estudo consistiu em identificar alguns dos desafios enfrentados pelos professores no campo da educação física escolar inclusiva e apontar as estratégias usadas para trabalhar como o aluno com deficiência nas aulas de educação física, identificando seus benefícios. Os resultados apurados demonstraram fragilidade na formação acadêmica no âmbito da graduação em relação à Educação Física Inclusiva, sugerindo a importância de capacitações e formações continuadas sobre essa temática. Os estudos comprovam benefícios psicossociais e comportamentais da educação física inclusiva, incluindo maior apoio dos colegas, amizades e desempenho motor.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE CUSTOS NO SETOR PÚBLICO
Authors: Santos Levi Machado dos , Andrade Adriano Mello de , Azevedo Magno Santana
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de justificar a importância da implementação do sistema de custos no setor Público, foi utilizado como base a Norma Brasileira de Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público (NBC TSP 34) que rege as diretrizes para implementação desse sistema. O sistema utilizado de base para esse trabalho foi o Sistema de Informações de Custos do governo federal (SIC), que é uma ferramenta com o poder de otimizar e maximizar os recursos Públicos. O sistema pode ser aplicado nas esferas  União, Estados e Municípios.  A metodologia utilizada se baseou nas pesquisas bibliográficas com uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva visando compreender as percepções dos gestores Públicos e os desafios institucionais na implementação do sistema de custos aplicado ao setor público. O artigo demonstrou como a implementação do sistema de custos é fundamental para obter uma administração pública eficiente e de qualidade sobre a alocação dos seus gastos.
"Si Lo Vemos…Lo Comprendemos": Visibilizando Reacciones Químicas
Authors: Cadile María Silvia , Zatti Dupplant María Valentina
Published: December 2024

¿Sólo los científicos hacen ciencia?.¿Es la Química reservada para unos pocos?. La respuesta claramente es no. La química se encuentra inmersa ineludiblemente en la vida cotidiana, toda la gente común hace ciencia a diario, aunque no sea consciente de ello, razón por la cual sería muy deseable que la aproximación a los conocimientos básicos de esta disciplina que fundamenta todo lo observable, sea accesible para todos. Sin embargo, la enseñanza de la Química enfrenta a menudo grandes obstáculos, derivadas por un lado de su complejidad intrínseca, relacionadas fundamentalmente a la invisibilidad de las partículas que componen la materia y por ende de la necesidad de realizar procesos de abstracción para su comprensión; y por otro, el imaginario popular que apunta a lo inalcanzable que puede resultar su aprendizaje por ser una disciplina difícil de abordar. En el marco de un proyecto exploratorio que tiene como objetivo desarrollar habilidades de comunicación transdisciplinaria en estudiantes, generado por el Dr. Nagib Callaos (fundador de la International Association for Transdisciplinary Communication y de y de la Asociación Iberoamericana para la Comunicación Transdisciplinaria), se pretende visibilizar algunos temas básicos de la química, como lo son las reacciones químicas, empleando elementos y sustancias de uso cotidiano en la vida diaria. Se espera que el propio estudiante despliegue competencias necesarias para este tipo de comunicación y que a la vez pueda resultar eficaz e interesante para personas ajenas al área de la química.
La Comunicación Transdisciplinaria en el Diseño de Experiencias de Aprendizaje
Authors: González Mariño Julio César , Bonilla Murillo Enrique , Solís Herebia Verónica
Published: December 2024

El diseño instruccional en la educación tradicional se centra en alcanzar objetivos de aprendizaje establecidos. En función de los objetivos se determinan los contenidos, los materiales, las actividades de aprendizaje que debe desarrollar el alumno y las formas de evaluación. Este modelo se basa en el logro de los objetivos de aprendizaje, sin considerar la satisfacción del estudiante con la experiencia durante el proceso. Con el progreso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación TIC y la educación en línea, ha surgido un enfoque innovador conocido como Diseño de Experiencias de Aprendizaje (LXD, del inglés Learning Experience Design), que se concentra en crear experiencias educativas atractivas y significativas para los estudiantes. Este enfoque emplea técnicas como el diseño centrado en el usuario y el aprendizaje activo. Es aplicable en educación en línea y entornos híbridos o presenciales. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el modelo LXD, como una alternativa para mejorar el aprendizaje con el diseño de experiencias satisfactorias para el estudiante y destacar la importancia de la comunicación transdisciplinaria en el proceso de diseño LXD.