bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ГЕОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ И ПЕТРОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ПОРОД-КОЛЛЕКТОРОВ ДОЛГИНСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ ПЕЧОРСКОГО МОРЯ
Authors: Dzublo Alexander D. , Borozdin Sergey O.
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования:  Дзюбло А.Д., Бороздин С.О. Новые данные комплексного исследования геомеханических и петрофизических свойств пород-коллекторов Долгинского месторождения Печорского моря // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 105–115.

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью сокращения времени строительства скважин на арктическом шельфе ввиду ограниченного по времени сезона навигации и повышения точности при оценке запасов, получаемых по результатам испытания разведочных скважин Долгинского месторождения. Результаты исследования позволяют выбрать оптимальную технологию вскрытия карбонатных пластов-коллекторов Долгинского месторождения, дают возможность обеспечить устойчивость стенок скважины и сохранение коллекторских свойств, установить взаимосвязи коллекторских свойств пород и напряжений в продуктивных пластах, а также обосновать технологические параметры разработки месторождения. Цель: оценка влияния состава, структуры, фильтрационно-емкостных свойств пород-коллекторов и действующих напряжений на их проницаемость. Объекты: карбонатные породы-коллекторы нижнепермского и каменноугольного возраста вскрыты скважиной с глубины 2982 м до забоя 3175 м и характеризуются по керну известняками пелитоморфными, органогенно-обломочными и скрытокристаллическими разностями. Методы. Исследования проведены современными лабораторными методами, включая ртутную порометрию, метод ядерно-магнитного резонанса, а также уникальный испытательный стенд Института проблем механики РАН. Результаты. На основе количественных данных литолого-петрофизических свойств изучены деформационно-прочностные характеристики пород из вероятно продуктивной части разреза скважины Северо-Долгинская № 1, которая в силу короткого сезона работ в море не испытывалась. Получены данные о структуре порового пространства, акустических свойствах, плотности, пористости и проницаемости (в том числе в пластовых условиях), остаточной водонасыщенности и т. д. Были изучены деформации образцов пород карбонатной залежи по трем направлениям и связь их с проницаемостью в условиях напряженного состояния. Полученные в результате работы новые сведения позволяют более точно подбирать свойства и компонентный состав бурового раствора с целью контроля репрессии, формирования тонкой непроницаемой фильтрационной корки и минимизации физико-химических взаимодействий между фильтратом бурового раствора и пластовыми флюидами.
ОБЗОР СОСТОЯНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ БАРИТОВОГО СЫРЬЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Boyarko Grigory Yu. , Khatkov Vitaly Yu.
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования:  Боярко Г.Ю., Хатьков В.Ю. Обзор состояния производства и потребления баритового сырья в России // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 180–191.

Актуальность работы обусловлена наличием периодической импортозависимости России по баритовому сырью. Цель: изучение динамики товарных потоков (производства, импорта, экспорта, потребления) баритового сырья в России и в мировом масштабе, его цен (мировых и российских), сырьевой базы барита России и перспектив ее национального производства. Методы: статистический, графический, логический. Результаты. На основании анализа имеющейся информации сделан вывод, что баритовое минеральное сырье в России является критическим товарным продуктом ввиду ограниченности его добычи на единственном месторождении и наличия значимых объемов импорта барита на границе порога импортозависимости. Малый размер российского импортного товарного потока барита, с одной стороны, легко обеспечивается, с другой – не способен влиять на цены и объемы торговых экспортно-импортных потоков баритового сырья. Предложены меры регулирования баритодобывающей отрасли: возобновление добычных работ на Хойлинской группе баритовых месторождений (Хойлинское, Малохойлинское и Пальникское) в Республике Коми и на техногенном Урском месторождении в Кемеровской области; организация оценочных и разведочных работ на Кутень-Булукском, Моховском, Карасугском-II и Юбилейном месторождениях к северу от выбывающего из эксплуатации Толчеинского месторождения в Республике Хакассия; первоочередные поиски новых месторождений баритового сырья следует организовать близ имеющихся транспортных инфраструктур на Алчано-Бикинской и Муравьево-Амурской баритоносных площадях в Приморском крае, на Анюйской и Нижне-Амурской площадях в Хабаровском крае, на Сакмарской площади в Республике Бошкортостан. Предложено сохранить стабильный импортный товарный поток барита от постоянных партнеров в Республике Казахстан в экономических условиях стран Таможенного союза, а также рассмотреть возможность формирования новых импортных потоков баритового сырья из Индии и Лаоса.
Significance of Sowing Dates and Meteorological Parameters on Severity of Stem Gall of Coriander Caused by Protomyces macrosporus
Authors: Vijaykumar S. , Raj Kushal , Soni Namita
Published: November 2021

Background: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) belongs to family Apiaceae is generally grown in winter season as a main crop in India. Stem gall of coriander caused by Protomyces macrosporus L. is a serious disease damaging all aerial plant parts. Under favourable ecological conditions, the disease may lead losses to the extent of 100 per cent therefore it is necessary to investigate the epidemiology of the disease to devise suitable remedial measures. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2018 with two varieties to study the effect of different meteorological parameters on stem gall of coriander at different sowing dates (1st week of November to 1st week of December). The stem gall severity was recorded at weekly intervals from the start of its incidence. Result: The disease severity was lowest (5.42%) in the variety DH-36 sown in 3rd week of November and maximum disease severity (11.88%) was observed in variety DH-228 sown in 1st week of December. The quantitative relationship between the disease severity and weather variables at different dates of sowing for two varieties was obtained by performing correlation analysis. The temperature (maximum and minimum) and sunshine hours had positive correlation with per cent disease intensity, while relative humidity (morning and evening) and remaining weather parameters were non-significant at each dates of sowing but correlated with the disease intensity.
Differential Response of Groundnut Genotypes for Varying CaCO3 Concentrations
Authors: Chitdeshwari T. , Brindhavani P.M.
Published: November 2021

Background: Soil calcareousness is the major problem in arid and semi arid regions globally since lime induced chlorosis lead to the deficiency of many essential plant nutrients which in turn resulted in reduced growth and yield loss of many crops. To explore the effects of various concentrations of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on seed germination and seedling growth of groundnut genotypes and to identify CaCO3 stress tolerant and sensitive groundnut genotypes. Methods: The seed germination and seedling growth of ten groundnut genotypes (CO 6, CO 7, TMV 2, TMV 10, TMV 13, TMV 14, VRI 7, VRI 8, ALR 2 and BSR 2) was investigated with CaCO3 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mM L-1 for a period of 14 days. Result: The genotypes VRI 8 and TMV 10 showed higher seed germination and seedling growth even at higher CaCO3 concentration (upto 20 mM L-1) and considered as tolerant genotypes. Whereas TMV 2 and VRI 7 exhibited drastic reduction even at 1 mM L-1 and confirms their susceptibility to CaCO3 stress. Higher concentrations of CaCO3 in the growing medium greatly decreased the germination rate, germination index and vitality index but the impact differs with potentials of genotypes studied.
Formation of humanistic relations of primary school students
Authors: Rysbayeva Ardak , Saduakas Gulbanu , Shaizhanova Karlygash , Kubiyeva Benera , Adilshinova Zina , Orazbaev Ergali , Uteshkalieva Aigul  
Published: November 2021

The world community of the 21st century strives to build its relations on the basis of the fundamental principles of humanism and democracy. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the problem of the formation of humanistic relations of primary school students, to contribute to the solution of this problem. The leading methods for the study of this problem are analysis, pedagogical observation, and the study of documentation, which make it possible to identify the level of formation of humanistic relations of younger schoolchildren. The study conducted a questionnaire, a test, and a conversation among students and teachers which took the form of an unstructured interview. As a result of the experimental work, the level of formation of humanistic relations of younger schoolchildren, comparative data on the development of humanistic relations of younger schoolchildren were revealed. The materials of the article can be useful for teachers in the education of humanistic relations of younger schoolchildren.

Keywords: attitude, humanism, humanistic attitude, education, morality, freedom, empathy, value.
Profiles of students’ learning independence and creativity viewed from learning motivation
Authors: Riyad Riyadi , Widi Fajari Laksmi Evasufi , Nikmaturrohmah Puput
Published: November 2021

Independence and creativity are considered important aspects of learning in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This study aimed to analyze the independence and creativity profile of elementary school teacher education students in online lectures viewed from learning motivation in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The study used mixed methods with a sequential explanatory design. Snowball sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used as the data collection tools, using Google Forms software. Miles and Huberman’s (1994) interactive model was used as the data analysis model. The findings of the study showed that: (1) students were less able to work independently and confidently but had high learning discipline and were responsible; and (2) students lack indicators of flexibility and originality but have high curiosity, resilience, and persistence in learning creativity. The findings of the research revealed that independence and creativity in learning were included in the medium category. This study can be used as a reference for further research.     

Keywords: learning independence, learning creativity, online lecture, application media, learning motivation;
An Investigation of Elementary School 4-7th Grade Students' Ability to Link Equivalent Fractions' Symbolic and Graphical Representations
Authors: ERTUNA Levent , TOLUK UÇAR Zulbiye
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine elementary school 4-7th grade students' ability to link equivalent fractions' symbolic and graphical representations. The design of this research was a survey study. The sample of the study consisted of 4, 5, 6, and 7th-grade elementary school students in the Sakarya province, Turkey. The study was conducted with 1111 students from 11 elementary schools. Representational Fluency Test (RFT) developed by Niemi (1996) was used as a measurement tool. The RFT included items involving regional areas, line segments, and set representations to assess the part-whole meaning and those involving number lines to assess the measure meaning of the rational number. As the normality assumption was violated, non-parametric tests were applied. The results of the analyses showed that the students' performance to link equivalent fractions' symbolic and graphical representations changed significantly with respect to the representation type (region-line segment, region-number line, set-line segment, set-number line, line segment- number line) and with respect to simple and equivalent fractions. Meanwhile, it was seen that as the classroom levels increased, the success rates in overall scores, representation types, except region-line segment, and simple and equivalent fractions increased.
Presença de Aditivos em Alimentos Voltados para o Público Infantil
Authors: Mayara Mayara Oliveira Santos , R. A. Coelho Nástia
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar qualitativamente os aditivos contidos nos rótulos dos alimentos industrializados, além de relacionar os efeitos que os aditivos podem provocar na saúde do público infantil. Os resultados indicaram presença de nove categorias de aditivos em bebidas industrializadas, cereais matinais e doces, comumente ingeridos por crianças e adolescentes. Conclui-se que a presença maciça de aditivos alimentares em diversas categorias de produtos voltados para o público infantil inspira a promoção de campanhas educativas voltadas, principalmente, para pais e/ou responsáveis. Esta constatação reforça o papel relevante que o nutricionista ocupa na promoção da saúde.
Uma revisão da Teoria do Funcional de Densidade (TFD): Métodos e Aplicação em Agentes de Contraste
Authors: Aquino Mateus , M. S. Borges Willian
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão sobre a Teoria do Funcional da Densidade (TFD), considerado um dos métodos mais importantes para a química computacional. Abordando de forma geral as funções de base e os funcionais de troca e correlação. Como aplicação do método, será apresentado novos agentes de contraste (AC) em ressonância magnética de imagem (RMI), como por exemplo, os óxidos de ferro, que tem como característica baixa toxicidade para o organismo e demostram excelentes tempos de relaxação (T1 e T2).
Qualidade de Combustíveis e as Novas Políticas Ambientais
Authors: C. M. Faria Eduardo , Aline M. Silva  , H. S. Cavalcanti Eduardo , F. Ferreira Kesio , B. Napolitano Hamilton
Published: November 2021

Os combustíveis fósseis possuem origem não-renovável e são amplamente utilizados em todo o mundo, estando associados a uma grande parcela da emissão de gases poluentes na atmosfera terrestre. Existe uma demanda muito grande e crescente pela maior participação de fontes energéticas renováveis e menos poluentes na matriz energética mundial, sendo os biocombustíveis uma alternativa promissora e em crescente utilização no Brasil. A utilização de biocombustíveis em motores a combustão interna, apesar de favorecer a redução de poluentes, gera alguns problemas técnicos associados à sua menor estabilidade e suscetibilidade à degradação quando comparado a combustíveis fósseis. Como alternativa, aditivos podem ser aplicados de forma a garantir estabilidade e manutenção das propriedades físico-químicas dos biocombustíveis e suas misturas com combustíveis fósseis.
Flexible working for all? How collective constructions by Austrian employers and employees perpetuate gendered inequalities
Authors: Schmidt Eva-Maria
Published: November 2021

Objective: This paper pursues the question as to how extended flexible working possibilities in the labor market are legitimized among employers and employees and whether they have potential to mitigate inequalities.

Background: Persistent and increasing gendered inequalities in Austria are reflected in the unequal division of unpaid family work in parental couples and in men’s stable full-time employment while women increasingly work part-time. In recent years, employers have expanded flexible working possibilities for all employees, regardless of their gender, also in leading positions and especially for those with family responsibilities.

Method: We conducted six focus groups and 16 semi-structured interviews with employers (n=30) and employees (n=25) from 29 contrasting companies across Austria. An in-depth reconstructive analysis facilitated our exploration of collective notions and concepts associated with flexible work and career opportunities.

Results: The respondents constructed part-time and flexible work as a new norm strongly connected to women with (potential) children. At the same time, employers and employees legitimized that these women must be protected from penalties resulting from the ideal worker norm still in force and must be variously supported by employers. However, men – the partners of women they could support by making use of these options and taking over childcare – are not constructed as a target group.

Conclusion: In a cultural context such as Austria, family-friendly flexible working opportunities perpetuate rather than level gendered inequalities, as men’s need for those opportunities do not emerge in the constructions. The lack thereof is neither explicitly addressed nor challenged.
UTILITY 1 SERVER ON QUEUE SERVICE (STUDY: BANK ACCOUNT NUMBER CONVERSION)
Authors: Pradana Johan Alfian
Published: November 2021

Fast-paced, precise demands and time minimization are dominant to support the service business. Service activities are always expected to be the best by customers. Especially ABC bank customers. Since the information about account conversion, many customers have come to the Bank. The server utility of the queue system plays an important role. One of them is about measuring the usefulness of the queue system, average expectations of waiting times, and expectations of the number of customers in the system. Services that focus on providing services always experience long lines. Therefore, the queue theory is used to assess utilities, waiting for time expectations, and expectations of customer numbers. Research methods using system performance. First, calculate the value of the speed, average service, service level, and performance of the queue system. The result is a queue system of 1 server on average - working with a utility value of 83.5% and the highest in the 4th week, with an average expectation - average waiting time of 0.428 or 25.6 minutes and an expectation of the number of customers in the system of 4.8 or 5 customers. The role of 1 server has not been practical to minimize waiting time expectations.
THE EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT, WORK TRAINING AND PUNISHMENT ON WORK ACHIEVEMENT OF DPRD SECRETARIAT EMPLOYEES
Authors: Rosalia Mulya , Purwanto Kelik , Wiska Mayroza
Published: November 2021

Human resources are a resource needed by an organization, because human resources are sources that play an active role in running of an organization and decision-making process. The existence of human resources in a company or government agency plays a very important role. By improving quality of human resources, it is expected that employees can work productively and professionally so that employee's work performance is expected to be more satisfactory according to required work standards. This study aims to determine the effect of work environment, job training and punishment on work performance of non-civil servant employees. The case study of this research is at DPRD Secretariat of Merangin Regency. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research, sample of this research is non-civil servant employees at DPRD Secretariat of Merangin Regency. This sampling uses non-probability sampling. The tool used to collect data is in form of a questionnaire consisting of 40 questions, data is analyzed using Validity Test, Reliability Test, Multicollinearity Test, Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, R2 Determination Coefficient Test, Multiple Multiple Regression Analysis Test, Partial Hypothesis Testing ( T-test), Simultaneous Hypothesis Testing (F-Test). The results of this study indicate that dependent variable work environment (X1), job training (X3) and punishment (X4) have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
MUSIK KRITIS DALAM MEMBANGUN KESADARAN TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL POLITIK: STUDI KASUS MUSIKALISASI NYELENEH KARYA JASON RANTI BAGI GENERASI MUDA
Authors: Amalia Farah , Haryadi Haryadi
Published: November 2021

Critical music has the ability to describe the socio-political reality that occur in the country. Musicians describe their concerns and ideas through lyrics found in critical music. So, musicians take advantage of the function of music as mass communication. Through critical music, the delivery of socio-political phenomena can be intertwined in a more informal and relaxed manner. Especially for the younger generation who are very close to the development of music, where Indonesia is in a demographic bonus phase. In this study, researcher attempted to explain the dynamics of critical music in Indonesia's political ecosystem and how it affects the critical awareness of the younger generation. Jason Ranti describes his anxiety through the lyrics that are eccentric but rich in meaning, relaxed but not purposeless, and critical without being patronizing. Jason Ranti's critical music can build the interest of the younger generation to be more critical of the ongoing socio-political phenomena. This study uses documentation as the main data which is supported by interviews. The result of this research is that Jason Ranti has contributed in spreading critical insights to the younger generation. By understanding the meaning of eccentric musicalization through critical hermeneutic theory, Jason Ranti describes the current social phenomenon and tries to provide alternative responses for his listeners. The younger generation becomes more caring, empathetic and interested about the socio-political phenomena that are happening. Through Jason Ranti's critical music, the younger generation can take responsive actions in responding to the socio-political phenomena that are currently happening. Critical Music, Socio-Political Conditions, Jason Ranti, Younger Generation.
The Principle of Continuous Biological Information Flow as the Fundamental Foundation for the Biological Sciences. Implications for Ageing Research
Authors: Marsellach Xavi
Published: November 2021

The current state of biological knowledge contains an unresolved paradox: life as a continuity in the face of the phenomena of ageing. In this manuscript I propose a theoretical framework that offers a solution for this apparent contradiction. The framework proposed is based on a rethinking of what ageing is at a molecular level, as well as on a rethinking of the mechanisms in charge of the flow of information from one generation to the following ones. I propose an information-based conception of ageing instead of the widely accepted damage-based conception of ageing and propose a full recovery of the chromosome theory of inheritance to describe the intergenerational flow of information. Altogether the proposed framework allows a precise and unique definition of what life is: a continuous flow of biological information. The proposed framework also implies that ageing is merely a consequence of the way in which epigenetically-coded phenotypic characteristics are passed from one generation to the next ones.
Personalized Cell Therapy for Patients With Peripheral Arterial Diseases in the Context of Genetic Alterations: Artificial Intelligence-based Responder and Non-responder Prediction
Authors: Salybekov Amankeldi , Wolfien Markus , Kobayashi Shuzo , Asahara Takayuki
Published: November 2021

Stem/progenitor cell transplantation is a potential novel therapeutic strategy to induce angiogenesis in ischemic tissue, which can prevent major amputation in patients with advanced peripheral artery disease (PAD). Thus, clinicians can use cell therapies worldwide to treat PAD. However, some cell therapy studies did not report beneficial outcomes. Clinical researchers suggested that classical risk factors and comorbidities may adversely affect the efficacy of cell therapy. Some studies have indicated that the response to stem cell therapy varies among patients even in those harboring limited risk factors. This suggested the role of undetermined risk factors, including genetic alterations, somatic mutations, and clonal hematopoiesis. Personalized stem cell-based therapy can be developed by analyzing individual risk factors. These approaches must consider several clinical biomarkers and perform studies (such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS)) on disease-related genetic traits and integrate the findings with those of transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and whole-genome sequencing in PAD. Additional unbiased analyses with state-of-the-art computational methods, such as machine learning-based patient stratification, are suited for predictions in clinical investigations. The integration of these complex approaches into a unified analysis procedure for the identification of responders and non-responders before stem cell therapy, which can decrease treatment expenditure, is a major challenge to increase the efficacy of therapies.
Architectural Significance of the Seokguram Buddhist Grotto in Gyeongju (Korea)
Authors: Salguero-Andújar Francisco , Prat-Hurtado Fulgencio , Rodriguez Cunill Inmaculada , Cabeza-Lainez Joseph
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to disclose the architectural proportions and nature of the Korean national treasure in Seokguram Grotto, Gyeongju. The authors compare its features with those of other ancient hypogeal or ashlar constructions and intend to rediscover its relevant hidden configuration and latent structural properties to show its uniqueness. The methods employed in the research belong initially to architectural design and composition to advance at a later stage, into the nuances of stone masonry, lighting effects or cohesive construction. In this discussion and thorough analysis, different philosophical and scientific subtleties come afloat. The results demonstrate a significant potential capable to be applied in part to recent architectural developments like Tadao Ando’s Buddha Hill in Hokkaido (2017) and the authors’ own project for a Buddhist monument.
Pan-Cancer Integrative Analysis of Whole-Genome De novo Somatic Point Mutations Reveals 17 Cancer Types
Authors: Kazemi Amirreza , Ghareyazi Amin , Hamidieh Kimia , Dashti Hamed , Tahaei Maedeh , Rabiee Hamid , Alinejad Rokny Hamid , Dehzangi Abdollah
Published: November 2021

The advent of high throughput sequencing has enabled researchers to systematically evaluate the genetic variations in cancer, resulting in identifying many cancer-associated genes. Although cancers in the same tissue are widely categorized in the same group, they demonstrate many differences concerning their mutational profiles. Hence there is no “silver bullet” for the treatment of a cancer type. This reveals the importance of developing a pipeline to identify cancer-associated genes accurately and re-classify patients with similar mutational profiles. Classification of cancer patients with similar mutational profiles may help discover subtypes of cancer patients who might benefit from specific treatment types. In this study, we propose a new machine learning pipeline to identify protein-coding genes mutated in a significant portion of samples to identify cancer subtypes. We applied our pipeline to 12270 samples collected from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), covering 19 cancer types. Here we identified 17 different cancer subtypes. Comprehensive phenotypic and genotypic analysis indicates distinguishable properties, including unique cancer-related signaling pathways, in which, for most of them, targeted treatment options are currently available. This new subtyping approach offers a novel opportunity for cancer drug development based on the mutational profile of patients. We also comprehensive study the causes of mutations among samples in each subtype by mining the mutational signatures, which provides important insight into their active molecular mechanisms. Some of the pathways we identified in most subtypes, including the cell cycle and the Axon guidance pathways, are frequently observed in cancer disease. Interestingly, we also identified several mutated genes and different rates of mutation in multiple cancer subtypes. In addition, our study on “gene-motif” suggests the importance of considering both the context of the mutations and mutational processes in identifying cancer-associated genes. The source codes for our proposed clustering pipeline and analysis are publicly available at: https://github.com/bcb-sut/Pan-Cancer.
Study on Road Friction Database for Automated Driving - Fundamental Consideration of Measuring Device for Road Friction Database -
Authors: Haraguchi Tetsunori , Kageyama Ichiro , Kuriyagawa Yukiyo , Kaneko Tetsuya , Asai Motohiro , Matsumoto Gaku
Published: November 2021

This research deals with the possibility for construction of the database on the braking friction coefficient for actual roads from the viewpoint of traffic safety especially for automated driving such as level 4 or higher. In an automated driving such levels, the controller needs to control the vehicle, but the road surface condition, especially the road friction coefficient on wet roads, snowy or icy roads, changes greatly, and in some cases, changes by almost one order. Therefore, it is necessary for the controller to constantly collect environment information such as the road friction coefficients and prepare for emergencies such as obstacle avoidance. However, at present, the measurement of the road friction coefficients is not systemically performed, and a method for accurately measuring has not been established. In order to improve this situation, this study examines a method for continuously measurement for the road friction characteristics such as μ-s characteristics.
Improve the Three-Phase Unbalance Rate of Railway System Under 2% By Three Kinds of Special Transformer Wiring
Authors: Chen Hsu Chien , Lin Shir Kuan , Lin Chin-E.
Published: November 2021

Because imbalanced power will cause the loss of the propulsion motor of the railway vehicle, and the increase in temperature will shorten the service life of the electric vehicle. Not only this, but also increase the cost of electricity and maintenance. In the past, the industry only focused on methods to improve power quality such as load capacity, relay setting, and harmonic resolution. Now, the consider of three-phase unbalance rate (TPUR) must be applied. I propose special transformers wiring (STW) to improve the three unbalance rates and provide different transformer wiring methods. According to the IEEE Committee, in the future, power companies will need to install balanced relay stations to improve three-phase unbalance rate. the internal regulations of Taipower must be less than 4.5% (voltage unbalance rate (NPSUR)of 2.5% and motor temperature rise of 12.5%). the derivation of the transformer "three-phase unbalance rate" model is the focus of the railway system. This research is based on the model derivation of different wiring methods to improve the hot problem caused by the three-phase imbalance and improve the service life of the train. And pointed out that Scott, Le-Blanc, Modified-Woodbridge three wiring methods can be applied to future railway system routes to improve the three-phase unbalance rate, in line with the IEEE standard of less than 2%.
Review On Progress of 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloy Materials
Authors: Dai Yuxin , Yan Liangming , Hao Jianpeng
Published: November 2021

Since the first generation of 7xxx superhard aluminum alloy was investigated in 1930, hitherto the fifth generation aluminum alloy materials with high comprehensive properties such as high static strength, high strength, heat resistance, high toughness, damage resistance, low density and low quenching sensitivity have been improved and developed. This paper reviews the progress of 7xxx aluminum alloy materials in composition, microstructure, properties, preparation methods, heat treatment strengthening and applications from 2014 to 2021. The effect of adding trace elements on microstructure and properties of 7xxx series alloy and the problems existing in aging precipitation characteristics and reinforcement mechanism are discussed. The future development direction of 7xxx superhard aluminum alloy is prospected by optimizing heat treatment technological, adding appropriate trace elements to alloy and controlling alloy microstructure.
HYDROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND BIOMETRIC DATA OF FISH SPECIES FROM THE BORORÉ, BILLINGS RESERVOIR, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
Authors: MIYASAKI Fabiana Harumi , ARRUDA Sarah , FERREIRA Letícia Carneiro , AZEVEDO Juliana de Souza
Published: November 2021

The artisanal fishing is an important activity in Billings Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil) and there is a paucity of biometric data about the fish in this region. Thereby, it is important to provide data about ichthyofauna that can be used for future management actions. The aim of this study was to present some data about the water quality and biometric data on fish species collected at the Bororé site (Billings Reservoir). In general, the obtained hydrochemical data raised a concern about the water quality because some parameters were above the established limit for body water class 2. A total of 170 fish were captured, corresponding to seven species and one genus. Geophagus brasiliensis was the most representative species (36%), followed by Astyanax bimaculatus (25%) and A. eigenmanniorum (20%). The hepatosomatic index (HSI) data showed differences in energy displacement between the species; the highest HSI values were observed in Hoplias malabaricus (HSImale = 1.33 Â± 0.20; HSIfemale = 1.17 Â± 0.82) while the smallest HSI was observed in A. fasciatus (HSImale = 0.47 Â± 0.14; HSIfemale = 0.68 Â± 0.35).
PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR INITIAL REARING PHASE OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP IN A BIOFLOC SYSTEM
Authors: HENRIQUES Fernanda Morais , GUIMARÃES Ariane Martins , DÍAZ Carlos Andrés , FRACALOSSI Débora Machado , ANDREATTA Edemar Roberto , VIEIRA Felipe do Nascimento
Published: November 2021

This study evaluated the protein requirement of Litopenaeus vannamei post-larvae during the initial rearing phase in a biofloc system. Five different diets were evaluated with increasing concentrations of crude protein: 31.28, 36.29, 41.57, 46.34, and 51.74 g 100 g-1 CP. Post-larvae (0.16 Â± 0.01 g) were stocked at a density of 450 PL m-3 in 400 L tanks. Water quality parameters were maintained within the limits recommended for shrimp farming. After 38 days, a regression analysis revealed that levels of CP content (65.29 í  72.83%), EE (10.45 í  11.65%) and body N (10.45 í  11.64%) increased with increasing protein levels in the diet. A similar trend was observed in the biofloc sludge with respect to CP and N. Survival exceeded 80%, and the shrimp with diets containing 31.28 to 46.34g 100 g-1 CP presented an increase in final weight (1.52 í  2.61 g), productivity (0.69 í  1.10 Kg m-3), weight gain (1.38 í  2.44 g), and feeding efficiency (77.28 í  101.68%), whereas these indices decreased to51.74 g 100 g-1 CP. Crude protein content from 44.26 to 47.12 g 100 g-1 provided the best growth performance during the initial rearing phase of Pacific white shrimp in a biofloc system.
FOOD ACCEPTANCE IN DIFFERENT LARVAL STAGES OF Macrobrachium carcinus
Authors: CONSTANTINIDIS Cassia Barbosa , ARAUJO Mariana Cutolo de
Published: November 2021

Food acceptance in different larval stages of Macrobrachium carcinus was evaluated by investigating the stage at which the ingestion of inert moist diet food begins and by the incidence of Artemia nauplii and inert moist diet in the digestive tract throughout development. Two experiments were carried out: in the first study, the acceptance of the inert diet was evaluated in 60 larvae of each stage (I to XII) fed ad libitum after two hours of fasting. The inert diet was 100% accepted at zoea stage V. In the second study, newly hatched larva was then kept in larval tanks and fed with Artemia nauplii and inert moist diet simultaneously. Fifteen minutes after feeding, 50 specimens of each larval stage were examined and evaluated for the ingestion of these foods. Larvae at stage I did not feed, while larvae at stage II consumed both live and inert food. From the stage of zoea IX, the exclusive consumption of Artemia nauplii was not verified. These data indicate that feeding M. carcinus in larviculture can be initiated at stage II with inert moist diet and Artemia nauplii, and an exclusive supply of inert moist diet from stage IX can be recommended.
Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Communication Skills of Healthcare Workers
Authors: GÜL Necmettin
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The importance of health workers has revealed more with the epidemic process. This process also required healthcare workers to be in contact with more individuals than in the normal process. This study aims to reveal the relationship between emotional intelligence and communication skills of healthcare workers.

Design/Methodology: 150 questionnaires have been applied to healthcare workers by using the “Emotional Intelligence Scale” of Wong and Law (2002) and “Communication Skills Scale-Adult Form” of Korkut-Owenand Demirbaş-Çelik, (2017).

Findings:. Reliability, frequency, correlation, and regression analyses have been made via the SPSS statistical program and the outcomes have been interpreted. It is clear that there is a positive and significant relationship between employees’ communication skills and perception of emotional intelligence (r=0.823, p
Financial Derivatives and Bank Risk: Evidence from D-8 Countries
Authors: GÜL Zekeriya , REİS Şükriye Gül
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the impact of financial derivatives use on bank risk. For this purpose, the banks operating in D-8 countries, are investigated.

Design/Methodology: While the relationship between the bank risk and derivative utilize is examined, some of the bank-specific control variables are added to the model. Due to the sample structure and endogeneity problem in the study, hypotheses were tested again by using Generalized Moments Method.

Findings: The analysis results showed a statistically significant and negative relationship between financial derivative use and bank risk and using financial derivatives is reduced the bank's risk.

Limitations: From D-8 countries, Iran and Bangladesh were excluded from the study because of the inaccessibility of the data related to the financial derivatives.

Originality/Value: While the relationship between "Banking Risk and Use of Derivative Financial Instruments" in the literature is mainly tested in developed countries, there is a gap in the literature on how this relationship is in developing countries. This study aims to contribute to the literature by revealing the relationship between the use of financial derivatives and bank risk in D-8 countries, which are classified as developing countries.
The concept of human dignity in the case-law of the Supreme Court of Canada on Charter Equality Rights
Authors:   Institute of State and Law, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasilieva Tatiana
Published: November 2021

This article explores the evolution of the Supreme Court of Canada’s approach to the application of the concept of human dignity in constitutional equality cases. Traditionally, in human rights cases, this concept serves only to strengthen the argument, to show that the violation affects the person’s intrinsic worth. It is only in Canada and in South Africa that there is experience in applying the concept as a criterion for identifying discrimination. In 1999, in Law v. Canada, the Supreme Court recognized the purpose of Article 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms of 1982 to be the protection of human dignity and stated that discrimination must be established based on assessment of the impact of a program or law on human dignity. However, in 2008, in R. v. Kapp, the Court noted that the application of the concept of human dignity creates difficulties and places an additional burden of prove on the plaintiff. It is no coincidence that victims of discrimination have preferred to seek protection before human rights tribunals and commissions, where the dignity-based test is not used. Subsequently, the Supreme Court of Canada rejected the use of the concept of human dignity as a criterion for identifying discrimination. The unsuccessful experience of applying the concept of human dignity as legal test has demonstrated that not every theoretically correct legal construction is effective in adjudication.
Forms of government and party systems in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia: 30 years of independence
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, Shablinsky Ilya
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the peculiarities of government forms in Baltic states that were once part of the USSR: Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The constitutional and legal bases of relations between presidents and their parliaments and governments are considered in detail, and the author makes a comparative analysis of institutions operating in these states. This article also examines the grounds for the resignation of governments, their heads, and individual ministers, as well as discussing the features of the party and electoral systems of these Baltic States. These systems’ functions face several problems, and forms of government like semi-presidential and parliamentary republics are shown to lack effectiveness across the Baltic States. It is important to note the instability of these governments, which changed every two and a half years on average, although this did not affect the countries’ economies. The presidents of these republics performed political mediation effectively and ensured a constant dialogue with political forces. Since national governments were formed on a non-coalition basis in all three States, an extensive practice of inter-party agreements and alliances began. This created a new type of political culture, where prejudice towards the Russian communities of the states in Latvia and Estonia was prevalent, and this issue is addressed in the article.
The Fate of A Scholar at the Core of Constitutionalism
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, Evseev Aleksandr , Egorova Elena ,   Higher School of Economics
Published: November 2021

The article is a detailed review of a collective monograph published in honor of W.Sadurski, a prominent Australian legal scholar of Polish origin. It illuminates the most important problems of concern today to the international legal community. In particular, it is about the coming to power in a number of EU countries of right-wing populists who demonstratively disregard liberal values and tolerant rhetoric; the problems of the EU’s existence within its current borders, aggravated after the UK’s secession from the Union; and the phenomenon of “illiberal democracy” as one of the most dangerous challenges facing the constitutional development of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, especially Hungary and Poland. Special attention is paid to democratic backsliding, seen in the steady decline in rankings of post-socialist countries in various ratings of democratic accountability. The paper draws a conclusion about the general crisis that democratic statehood is experiencing on the European continent today and which is perhaps the most serious since the late 1930s. Also addressed is the broader use of various forms of direct democracy, beginning with nationwide and local referendums and ending with various types of plebiscites on confidence. A relatively new form of popular governance has been introduced by deliberative (consultative) democracy, for example in the case of Ireland’s Citizens’ Assembly, which is chosen by random selection and as vox populi gives parliamentary committees recommendations on the most acute and divisive social problems. The volume also illuminates rightist governments’ social-economic policies repudiating the 1990s’ widely accepted concept of the market’s invisible hand and relying on direct payments to the population (as in Poland’s “500+” program, Covid payments, and so on). The Polish case is separately examined, particularly in the context of the so-called ‘war’ with the Constitutional tribunal.
Constitution-transforming informal methods of changing the Constitution of the Russian Federation: between validity and constitutionality
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shustrov Dmitry
Published: November 2021

The Constitution of the Russian Federation has been changed according to formalities and the rules established by it, although there are numerous examples of constitutional changes having been made outside of formal procedures. In the theory and practice of constitutional law, an approach has been developed according to which the constitution can be changed without formally changing its text — by changing its meaning. Such changes are called constitutional transformation and are carried out by informal methods of changing the constitution. They differ significantly from the formal methods of constitutional reform, since they are carried out not by the sovereign source of power but by the constituted power — by the legislative, executive, and judicial authorities. The article examines the main informal methods of changing the constitution: law, interpretation, convention. Constitutional transformation by informal methods of constitutional change is not provided for by the constitution, therefore it is unconstitutional. However, it becomes valid thanks to implementation by institutions established by the constitution, within the framework of constitutionally provided procedures and recognized as methods of constitutional change by other subjects of constitutional relations. If the subjects of constitutional relations are not in agreement with a constitutional transformation, they can overcome it through constitutional reform or (depending on the method) through an appeal to the constitutional court by which, if successful, an informal constitutional change becomes unconstitutional and invalid. Turning to informal methods, the government incurs costs in terms of the legality and legitimacy of the constitutional change, but at the same time it gains in terms of efficiency, time saving and the result obtained. The emergence of a “living”, “parallel” constitution, the lag of the formal constitution behind real life, the inadequacy of the constitutional text are the price paid for resorting to informal methods of constitutional change. It is important that resort to informal means does not become the norm. Constitutional transformation should be supplementary in nature, and appeal to it should be the last resort.