bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indo-Pacific Strategy For The New World Order And The White House - The Resilience Approach and The Global Resilience Index
Authors: Anuradha Jha  , Roshan Thakur
Published: July 2023

What is development for us humans? This question has gone through a significant change throughout different periods as our definitions have become more refined. The most recent answer is the "Human Development Index," which is based on the Capability Approach. The fallacy in this approach is that it favors the section of the world that has already had an advantage due to historical horrors committed by them, such as slavery and colonization. Unlike the Principles of Equality, the capability approach is based on treating unequals as equals, which creates a disfigured and disillusioned canvas of Human Development in the World, further leading to perverse national socio-economic goals. This paper has the principal aim of introducing the "Cope-ability Approach" as the new standard to measure the development of humankind and the creation of the Resilience Index. The Cope-ability approach is based on the aspect of resilience in humanity, taking into account the capabilities one had and what they were able to achieve with them. The idea emanates from the coping mechanisms adopted by the Global South in combating the Covid-19 outbreak with respect to the Global North. By adopting a new definition of development and the creation of the Resilience Index, developing nations will be encouraged to change their paths from one of industrialized destruction of the environment to one of a sustainable future for all of humankind.
Russia’s War Against Ukraine: A Lithuanian Perspective
Authors: V. Kuokštis  , R. Kuokštyte
Published: July 2023

In this essay, we present the Lithuanian perspective on Russia’s war against Ukraine. We discuss the facts on the ground, the attribution of responsibility, and touch upon the potential ways forward. In Lithuania’s view, it is clear that Russia is responsible for the war and all of the associated outcomes, including first and foremost the loss of life and other forms of suffering in Ukraine, the destruction of Ukraine’s economy and civil infrastructure, but also the wider repercussions for the world regarding higher prices, increased instability, and heightened political/military tensions. We refute the argument that the enlargement of NATO/EU in any way provoked or posed a threat to Russia and instead argue that this process created conditions for economic growth and stability in the admitted countries. Finally, on both moral and practical grounds, we suggest that the best course of action for creating long-lasting conditions for peace and stability is to support Ukraine in its struggle against the illegal and unprovoked invasion.
La Segunda leyenda de Ávila y sus instancias de redacción
Authors: Abeledo Manuel
Published: July 2023

Resumen

El trabajo estudia las posibles versiones previas, hoy perdidas, de la Segunda leyenda de Ávila, conservada en una versión de hacia 1600. Establece, en primer lugar, la existencia de una versión anterior, redactada durante el siglo XV, que no habría contado con la Crónica de la población de Ávila. Pero principalmente se dedica a evaluar el colofón de copia en que declara tener un original de principios del siglo XV, llegando a la conclusión, a partir de diversas variables de análisis, de que tal afirmación no puede ser más que una falsificación.

Palabras clave

Historiografía, falsos cronicones, historia local, corografía, comunidades
Importancia del diagnóstico en condiciones patológicas en adultos mayores
Authors: Moncayo Parraga Stefany Elizabeth , Pionce Vélez Ana Gabriela , Gutiérrez Toromoreno Mercedes Monserrate
Published: July 2023

El estado de fragilidad es inherente al colectivo de personas mayores (AAMM), radica en una situación de riesgo de desarrollar, empeorar o mantener efectos adversos para la salud por disminución de sus reservas fisiológicas. El estudio de la fragilidad permite la prevención y el perfeccionamiento de nuevos programas de intervención. Estas razones motivan la investigación en función de exponer los niveles de importancia que se asocian al tipo de tratamiento al que sean necesarios someter a los pacientes de avanzada edad. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica descriptiva de publicaciones científicas en el área de medicina, se utilizaron repositorios digitales de artículos científicos y páginas web de contenido médico bajo descriptores nominales como patologías del adulto mayor, fragilidad del adulto mayor y pacientes geriátricos. Se concluye que en los últimos años ha crecido el interés por los estudios sobre fragilidad en ancianos y su asociación con distintos factores de riesgo como: cambios fisiológicos asociados al envejecimiento, alteraciones del equilibrio y marcha por múltiples discapacidades, enfermedades agudas o crónicas, estilos de vida inadecuados, inactividad, inmovilidad, déficit nutricional y multiplicidad de factores socioeconómicos negativos. Todos estos factores y mediciones demuestran que un anciano con una condición patológica puede aumentar el riesgo al deterioro de su salud si no son considerados el resto de condiciones asociadas inherentes a la edad y el deterioro propio de sus respuestas fisiológicas a nivel físico, es así como se rescatan e unifican los criterios evaluación primaria del AM para que prevalezca, en cualquiera de sus condiciones patológicas diagnosticadas, la calidad de vida actual y futura de acuerdo a las necesidades de tratamientos e intervenciones médicas que sean requeridas.
Pelatihan Senam Aerobik untuk Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani Secara Online
Authors: Nurcahyo Andi , Christiana Metta , Muhaimin Ahmad
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTSport is exercise of the body as well as the movement of the legs and arms, by exercising every day the body will be healthy and fit, so with sports the people of Semarang City experience physical fitness. One of the sports that is currently popular with the public is Aerobic Gymnastics. Aerobic Gymnastics tends to be of interest to women. Women Community in the Mugasari, Semarang,  really want aerobic exercise, because of the covid-19 pandemic, aerobic exercise is done online. Aerobic Gymnastics Online is carried out in the Mugasari community, Central Semarang with Zoom. If the participants are not able to operate Zoom, then Zoom/Online Aerobic Gymnastics training is held. The results of the questionnaire of people who follow the most dominant are at the age of 50 years with a percentage of 25%. Then for aerobic exercise, it is also widely accepted in the community, it can be seen from the results of the questionnaire form with a percentage of 100 percent because aerobic exercise according to the results of the questionnaire form greatly improves physical fitness, and is useful in losing weight. As many as 15.4% of respondents experienced interference with aerobic exercise online with the average answer being a poor internet network. The results of the activity went smoothly. Not only women, even beyond expectations, men also participated in the training enthusiastically accompanied by enthusiasm through the Zoom application.ABSTRAKOlahraga adalah olah tubuh serta gerakan kaki dan tangan, dengan berolahraga setiap hari tubuh akan sehat dan bugar, maka dengan adanya olahraga masyarakat Kota Semarang mengalami kebugaran jasmani. Salah satu olahraga yang saat ini digemari masyarakat yaitu Senam Aerobik. Senam Aerobik diminati kaum wanita. Ibu- ibu di lingkungan Mugasari sangat menginginkan adanya senam aerobic, karena pandemic covid 19 maka senam aerobic dilakukan secara Daring Senam aerobik daring dilakukan oleh komunitas Mugasari Semarang melalui Zoom. Sebagian peserta tidak dapat mengoperasikan Zoom. Hasil kuesioner peserta senam aerobik daring, sebagian besar peserta yang mengikuti berusia 50 tahun yaitu sebanyak 25% peserta. Senam aerobik dapat diterima oleh 100% peserta karena dengan senam aerobik dapat meningkatkan kebugaran dan menurunkan berat badan. Sebanyak 15,4% peserta mengeluhkan buruknya kualitas internet yang digunakan. Kegiatan tersebut berjalan dengan lancar. Bukan hanya wanita yang menjadi peserta, namun juga para pria berpartisipasi dengan antusias. Kata kunci: Zoom, senam aerobik, online
Pemberian Olahraga Masyarakat Senam Aerobik Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kesegaran Jasmani Serta Kesehatan
Authors: Subekti Nuriska , Juhrodin Juhrodin , Mulyadi Agus , Nur Mulyadi Dwi Yulia
Published: July 2023

Increasing physical fitness and health through aerobic exercise in the people of Margajaya Village and Sukasukur Village, Mangunreja District, Kab. Tasikmalaya is very necessary because exercising regularly can reduce the risk of chronic disease, reduce stress and self-confidence. Regular aerobic exercise has many benefits, especially for women, such as having an ideal body shape, looking attractive, and attracting other people to participate in sports activities. Aerobic exercise can increase the efficiency of the aerobic energy production system, which can increase cardiovascular endurance. Regular and appropriately intense aerobic exercises, such as aerobic dance, can improve heart and lung function and offer numerous health and fitness benefits. It is no wonder that more and more people are becoming interested in and engaging in aerobic dance. By consistently practicing aerobic dance with proper technique, individuals can reap significant aerobic fitness benefits.ABSTRAKPeningkatan kesegaran jasmani serta kesehatan melalui olahraga masyarakat senam aerobik pada masyarakat Desa Margajaya serta Desa Sukasukur Kecamatan Mangunreja Kab. Tasikmalaya sangat perlu karena berolahraga dengan teratur dapat menurunkan risiko penyakit kornis, mengurangi stress dan kepercayaan diri. Latihan aerobik teratur memiliki banyak manfaat terutama bagi kaum wanita, seperti memiliki bentuk tubuh yang ideal, berpenampilan menarik, dan menarik orang lain untuk mengikuti kegiatan olahraga. Latihan aerobik dapat meningkatkan efisiensi sistem produksi energi aerobik, yang dapat meningkatkan daya tahan cardiovascular. Senam aerobik yang dilakukan secara teratur dengan takaran yang cukup akan memperbaiki kerja jantung dan paru-paru, dan mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi kebugaran tubuh, dan tidak heran semakin hari semakin banyak orang yang menggemari dan melakukan senam aerobik. Kebugaran aerobic ini dapat diperoleh diantaranya dengan melakukan senam aerobic dan manfaatnya akan dapat dirasakan bagi yang melakukan dengan teratur dan dengan cara yang benar.
PKM Pola Hidup Sehat Melalui Aktivitas Olahraga Bulutangkis Warga Desa Warulor Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Kresnapati Pandu , Wiyanto Agus , Royana Ibnu Fatkhu , Setyawan Danang Aji
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThe majority of the people in Warulor village have a livelihood as labourers, artisans making batik and farmers whose people pay little attention to their physical fitness. In the current weather conditions, many residents of the Warulor village are sick like cough and it is easy for their immune system to decrease. A healthy lifestyle is no longer cared for by society. This can be overcome by exercising, eating regularly, maintaining cleanliness and getting enough rest, implementing health protocols is an element in a healthy lifestyle to maintain immunity. The solution offered by the service is to provide socialization regarding healthy lifestyles by maintaining health with badminton sports that can be done by community members both in the afternoon and at night so that they do not interfere with work activities and can still maintain their health. The output target that can be achieved later is that the people in Warulor village can understand the important role of maintaining health by exercising so that they can create a healthy lifestyle so that they are protected from various viruses. Continue to implement health protocols for the Warulor village community independently in their respective homes so that health and immunity are increasingly maintained.ABSTRAKWarga masyarakat desa warulor mayoritas bermata pencaharian buruh, pengrajin kesenian membuat batik dan petani yang masyarakatnya kurang memperhatikan kebugaran tubuhnya. Pada keadaan cuaca seperti sekarang ini sehingga banyak warga masyarakat desa warulor yang sakit seperti batuk, flu dan mudah untuk menurun daya tahan tubuhnya. Pola hidup sehat sudah tidak dipedulikan oleh masyarakat. Hal tersebut dapat di atasi dengan berolahraga, makan teratur, menjaga kebersihan dan istirahat yang cukup, menerapkan protokol kesehatan merupakan unsur dalam pola hidup sehat untuk menjaga imunitas. Solusi yang ditawarkan pengabdi adalah dengan memberikan sosialisasi mengenai pola hidup sehat dengan menjaga Kesehatan dengan olahraga bulutangkis yang dapat dilakukan oleh warga masyarakat baik di sore hari maupun di malam hari sehingga tidak mengganggu aktifitas kerja dan tetap masih bisa menjaga kesehatannya. Target luaran yang nantinya dapat tercapai adalah masyarakat di desa warulor bisa mengetahui peran pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dengan berolahraga sehingga dapat menciptakan pola hidup sehat sehingga terhindar dari berbagai macam virus. Tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan untuk masyarakat desa warulor secara mandiri di rumah masing-masing agar kesehatan dan imunitas semakin terjaga.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Acara Mata Najwa Episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster” sebagai Bahan Ajar Pembelajaran Debat Kelas X SMA
Authors: Wahyuningsih Ika , Suyoto Suyoto , Mualafina Rawinda Fitrotul
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to 1) describe the form of illocutionary speech acts in the Mata Najwa episode "Minister Terjaring Lobster", 2) describe the illocutionary speech acts in the Mata Najwa episode "Minister Terjaring Lobster" as a teaching material for debating class X SMA. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data in this study are illocutionary utterances in the Mata Najwa episode "Minister Terjaring Lobster". Provision of research data using the method of observing the technique of note. The research data analysis method used the matching method with the advanced comparison technique of equalizing (HBS). The technique of presenting the results of data analysis uses informal techniques. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the illocutionary speech acts used in the Mata Najwa episode "Minister Terjaring Lobster" amounted to 38 data, namely 8 assertive speeches, 11 directive utterances, 2 commissive utterances, 13 expressive utterances, and 4 declarative utterances. The illocutionary speech act research in the Mata Najwa episode "Minister Terjaring Lobster" can be used as teaching material for debate learning for class X SMA at KD 4.13 to develop problems or issues from various points of view equipped with arguments in debating.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk 1) mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi dalam acara Mata Najwa episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster”, 2) mendeskripsikan tindak tutur ilokusi dalam acara Mata Najwa episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster” sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran debat kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa tuturan ilokusi dalam acara Mata Najwa episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster”. Penyediaan data penelitian menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik catat. Metode analisis data penelitian menggunakan metode padan dengan teknik lanjutan hubung banding menyamakan (HBS). Teknik penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan teknik informal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa tindak tutur ilokusi yang digunakan dalam acara Mata Najwa episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster” berjumlah 38 data, yaitu 8 tuturan asertif, 11 tuturan direktif, 2 tuturan komisif, 13 tuturan ekspresif, dan 4 tuturan deklaratif. Penelitian tindak tutur ilokusi dalam acara Mata Najwa episode “Menteri Terjaring Lobster” dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran debat kelas X SMA pada KD 4.13 mengembangkan permasalahan atau isu dari berbagai sudut pandang yang dilengkapi argumen dalam berdebat.
Bentuk Register Nelayan Desa Bajomulyo Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Aryanti Ika Yunita , Asropah Asropah , Prayogi Icuk
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the form of the register of fishermen in Bajomulyo Village. The research method in this study is the documentation method, namely the note-taking and recording method. The data was obtained by observing, and recording the language used by the fishermen. In this method, researchers record and record the language used by fishermen. The results of the study were in the form of a register of fishermen in Bajomulyo Village in the form of a presentation method in the study using informal data presentation, namely using ordinary words in descriptive form. Based on the results of research on fisherman register data in Bajomlyo Village, it can be concluded that the register form is divided into two linguistic units, namely words and phrases, several classifications of word classes, namely nouns, verbs, and adjectives.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan wujud register nelayan Desa Bajomulyo. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi, yakni dengan metode simak catat dan rekam. Data diperoleh dengan cara  observasi, dan merekam bahasa yang digunakan para nelayan. Pada metode ini peneliti merekam dan mencatat bahasa yang digunakan nelayan. Hasil penelitian berupa wujud register nelayan Desa Bajomulyo dalam bentuk metode penyajian pada penelitian menggunakan penyajian data informal yaitu menggunakan kata-kata biasa dalam bentuk deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada data register nelayan Desa Bajomlyo Kecamatan dapat disimpulkan yaitu, bentuk register di bedakan menjadi dua satuan kebahasaan yaitu kata dan frasa, beberapa klasifikasi kelas kata, yaitu nomina, verba, dan adjektiva.
Investigation Factors of Brand Personality Affecting on Purchase Intentions Towards Authentic Agricultural Products in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Tuong-Vi Thi , Ho Quang Nhut , Nguyen Nhu-Ty , Le Truong-Phuc , Nguyen Hoai-Anh Duc
Published: July 2023

This study investigates how theoretical framework for brand personality ([1]) influence on authentic agricultural products purchase intention. The model is operationalized by a quantitative method process with SPSS and AMOS software. The survey was completed by 627 persons. Multiple regression demonstrated the factors of brand personality, brand equity; brand authenticity are important predictors of consumer purchase intention for authentic agricultural products. Consumer preference as the intermediator, with a positive weight, explains the purchase intention. The results are also analyzed in different circumstances by monthly income and residence area in Vietnam. This study helps marketers examined how Vietnamese customers view their brands and their rivals therefore what competitors of these authentic agricultural brands can do to enhance the customer purchase intention. The purchase intention findings may be used to identify those brand personality attributes that appear to be most essential in explaining customer preferences.
Documents of the Boundary Archive on Land Management and Land Surveying of the Rostov Uyezd of the Yekaterinoslav Gubernia and the Don Host Lands in the Late 18th – First Half of the 19th Century
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Stepanova L.G.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes possibilities of identifying and using previously unknown documents of the Land Survey Archive for studying land management and features of land surveying in the Rostov uezd of the Yekaterinoslav gubernia and the Don Host Lands. The Rostov uyezd differed from other uyezds of the Yekaterinoslav gubernia, as it did not border with it, located inside the Don Host Lands. The processes of settlement and development of new lands in the south of the Russian Empire were reflected in the administrative-territorial structure of these two territorial entities. In contrast to land surveying of the Don Host Land, the Land Surveying Archive has preserved an extensive collection of land surveying materials for the Rostov uezd of the Yekaterinoslav gubernia, in which documents related to the establishment of boundaries between these territories and land disputes with the Don Cossacks have been deposited. The objectives of the study include comparative analysis of the initial land surveying documents identified in the fond of field notes with the data of the Economic Notes on the Rostov uezd of the Yekaterinoslav gubernia and study of controversial and petty cases in order to clarify the features of the land management of two neighboring territories. To obtain statistical data on the Rostov uyezd, a database has been compiled on the basis of the Economic Notes, containing information on demographic and land resources of the uyezd. The analysis of primary documents has shown that the main work on surveying the territory of the Rostov uezd took place in the early 19th century. However, in adjacent territories, land disputes were recorded in the first decades of the 19th century that sprang from granting new lands to the Don Cossacks, settlement of new settlers in the state wasteland of the Rostov uezd, and frequent barring of Cossacks from traveling to their lands through the uezd territories. They delayed land surveying and preparation of the final documents. The study of the field notes materials permits to identify reports (skazki) of the local population and dacha owners, containing initial information for the Economic Notes compiled for the Rostov uezd. Analysis of controversial and petty cases clarifies the mechanism for resolving land disputes, establishing borders, and transferring territories to the Don Cossacks. Surveying documents introduced into scientific use permits to study the features of land management and surveying of neighboring territories, differing in their settlement and development, which in the second half of the 19th century merged into the Don Host Oblast.
Organization of Archiving in the Komi Region in the 1920s
Authors:   Komi Republican Academy of State Service and Administration, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Gagieva Anna K.
Published: July 2023

The article is to show the organization of archiving in the Komi region in the 1920s. Thus, the following tasks have been solved: considering the conditions for formation of the regional archive and archives of organizations, their activities in acquisition and preservation of archival materials, role of regional and uezd authorities in the management of archives. A number of fundamental works are devoted to the history of national archiving formation in the 1920s; however, the organization of archiving in various regions has been studied insufficiently. The relevance of the study is enhanced by the Komi Republic archiving celebrating its centenary anniversary in 2022. The accumulated historical experience can be successfully applied today. This is especially true of the period under study, when the foundations of archiving were laid out, documents actively collected, criteria for interaction between the authorities and archival institutions determined. The article draws on published and unpublished sources deposited in the fonds of the National Archive of the Komi Republic. They are well known to researchers; however, a number of documents have not yet been presented to scholars, these are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. In addition to archival sources, published sources have also been used. In 1922, the Komi Regional Archive was opened in Ust-Sysolsk (Syktyvkar). One of the reasons for the appearance of the first archival institution in the Komi region was the first decrees and resolutions of the Soviet government in the field of archiving. The local history movement played an important role, as well as enthusiasm of some representatives of the national intelligentsia. The opening of the archive was accompanied by certain difficulties: there was practically no funding, not enough qualified personnel, etc. Only by the end of the studied period, the situation improved somewhat: district archives were opened, training of archival workers began. Considering the organization of archiving in the Komi region in the 1920s, it should be noted that archival construction began, the regional archive was acquiring and describing documents, measures were taken to preserve unique sources and to use documents for the purposes of national economic. At the same time, there was no archiving in organizations and institutions, no conditions for storing documents, almost no personnel.
Children of Buryatia: Everyday Life in the Conditions of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–45
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist, and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation, Soboleva Anastasia N.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to little-studied topic of children’s daily life in the provincial rear towns. Studying daily life of wartime childhood drawing regional materials seems an urgent task for historical science, since each region is unique due to its historical, socio-economic, socio-cultural, natural-climatic, and other peculiarities. Such studies expand geographical scope and allow us to identify similarities and differences of regions and country in the whole, to recreate the atmosphere of provincial towns and villages, and to make an important contribution to creation of large-scale objective picture. The study is to identify the main features of everyday practices and adaptation strategies of Buryatia’s children under the conditions of wartime rear reality. The author pays special attention to school education, labor routine, material and domestic conditions, recreational activities, and problems of child neglect in the region in 1941–45. The sources are documents from the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia, statistical collections, materials of central and local periodicals: newspapers Pravda, Buryat-Mongolskaya Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Vostochno-Sibirskaya Pravda. Of particular value for reconstruction of children’s wartime everyday life are personal memoirs of participants of the events of the studied period. A significant part of the sources is being introduced into the scientific use for the first time, hence the novelty of the research which permits to reach the set goal. The work uses principle of historicism, as well as special methods, typical for historical research: problem-chronological, comparative-historical, historical-genetic. It has been established that daily reality of children was hard work to meet the needs of the front and their own basic physical and domestic needs. There are known children practices of coping with war, including games offering distraction from harsh everyday realities. The materials of the article can be applied in the preparation of monographs and notes on the history of the Great Patriotic War, for studying everyday life in the rear, as well as for development of seminars and special courses in the field of national history. Children of the Great Patriotic War are a special generation, becoming an object of increasing scholarly attention.
Zionist Eliyahu Munchik and His Letter on Jewish Emigration to Palestine (1917)
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Shapovalov Mikhail. S.
Published: July 2023

The article considers historical sources—a letter from Zionist E. Munchik addressed to P.N. Milyukov written on March 30, 1917 regarding emigration of Jews to Palestine and his memorandum on Russia's policy in the Middle East. The article provides a meaningful analysis of these documents. Documents are being introduced into scientific use for the first time. The article is to characterize and publish documentary sources found in the archival fond of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia P.N. Milyukov (March-May 1917) in the State Archives of the Russian Federation, devoted to the issue of Jewish emigration to Palestine. The correctness of hypotheses about special role of microhistorical plots in objective assessment of key historical events has been verified using traditional methods of historical science: comparative-historical, chronological, problem-chronological, retrospective, and perspective. The biographical approach has helped to recreate the biography of the documents’ author and context of their creation, taking into account notions existing in Russian and foreign historiography. The letter and memorandum of Zionist E. Munchik have made it possible to clarify and correct the existing ideas on the role of Russia in solving the Jewish question and creating a Jewish home in Palestine in 1917. The document is of interest as it assesses all main directions of Russian policy in the Middle East through the prism of the Zionist movement interests: the question of the straits, the status of the Holy places of Jerusalem. A separate place in Munchik's memorandum is given to the Caspian project—creation of a water canal from the Caspian to the Red Sea. In his letter to Milyukov, Munchik argued supporting the Zionist movement drawing on stereotypes of Jewish capital and powerful trade influence that Russia could use, which were widespread among the population and elite. The article concludes that E. Munchik did not invite Russia to Palestine or offer the Provisional Government to use Zionists to strengthen its influence in the Holy Land. On the contrary, Munchik offered to trade Russian assistance in Jewish emigration to Palestine for support for any other project of Russian interest at an international conference. The published archival source will be of interest to both Russian and foreign scholars specializing in the history of Zionism and Jewish national movement. It represents another important element of the puzzle of the Russian view of Palestine in the system of international relations at the turn of the 20th century.
Role of the Norilsk Nickel Smelter in Formation of Norilsk Urban Environment in 1950–70s
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Gonina Natalia V.
Published: July 2023

Existence of the cities above the Arctic Circle is a topic that is gaining importance. Most scholars adhere to economic approach, some to urbanistic, and rarely to social. However, it is the sociocultural situation that distinguishes a city from a settlement near a plant, the quality of the urban environment playing a decisive role in preservation (or loss) of population. Urban environment is a multidimensional notion. This paper aims to correlate the elements of the urban environment of Norilsk created with direct involvement of the Norilsk Nickel Smelter with those evolved entirely without its intervention. The paper demonstrates that absolutization of departmentalism in city life can camouflage essential features of the urban environment, while the widely used notion of “single-industry town” (monogorod) contradicts the very essence of the city. The work is based on archival materials and memoirs of the Norilsk citizens, some are being introduced into scientific use. The authors employed “new urban history” approach, in particular, works of Henri Lefebvre. The paper analyses the sources and specific character of urban population growth, investigates the driving forces of Norilsk development and improvement. The paper also shows constructive and destructive influence of the smelter upon the urban environment. The paper explores the ways in which residents contributed to city development. Additionally, it considers natural and climatic factors. The authors conclude that it is wrong to overemphasize the activities of the Norilsk Nickel Smelter in creation of Norilsk and to contrapose city and plant. Though there are clear physical boundaries for both town and plant, their social and cultural spheres are interconnected. The development of plant and town are like two sides of a coin. Those who inhabited the town and those who worked for the smelter or managed it were with few exceptions the same people. The plant organized and financed city construction and development, but realization was in the hands of its citizens. Even if the initiative belonged to the plant administration, side issues of municipal improvement were settled by dint of citizens’ activities. The geographical position of Norilsk influenced its specific lifestyle. It was impossible to cope individually with existential threats of living beyond the Arctic Circle. In this respect, the smelter paternalism was natural. Simultaneously, the difficulties of everyday life united people and formed collective spirit that remained even when people left the town. The same hardships promoted construction of health and wellbeing resources, contributing to urban development, organized and sponsored by the smelter. Altogether, the paper argues that the development of the smelter and the town was interrelated. It became a crucial factor for survival in extreme environments.
The Omsk Chekists Working with Ex–White Counterintelligence Agents: The Gudimov-Gorsky Incident
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Petin Dmitry I.
Published: July 2023

Modern Russian academic science pays close attention to the history of national state security agencies, noting that studying their experience is of high importance for understanding the functioning of state and society institutions, especially in the era of social cataclysms. The article presents previously unknown episode from the work of the Omsk Chekists at the final stage of the Civil War in Siberia concerning opposition of the Soviet state security agencies to the activities of the White counterintelligence and physical neutralization of its employees and agents in the RSFSR. The article is to analyze forms and methods of the special services opposing one another at the end of the Civil War in the East of Russia, using the example of the final stage in the biography of Lieutenant Colonel Gudimov-Gorsky. The studied issue is connected to the general historiography of the problem, emphasizing the relevance of research. The study draws on a complex of unpublished sources from Gudimov-Gorsky’s archival criminal case, which was in closed departmental storage during the Soviet period. The theoretical basis is anthropological and systematic approaches, problem-chronological and comparative-historical methods, which permits to trace the described military and political processes in the general context of functioning of state and society, attempting to comprehend, among other things, the influence of human factor and random element on the outcome of some precedents in the work of regional bodies of the Cheka. The final part of the article underscores debatable problematic points related to the limited source base and complexity of biographical identification of Gudimov-Gorsky. Thus, the study is deemed uncompleted, however, it opens a way to further development of the designated broad issue. The publication may be of interest to the specialists studying the Civil War in the East of Russia, activities of national state security agencies in the era of social cataclysms, existence of officers during the revolutionary processes, as well as socio-political life in the early Soviet society.
Archival Documents of the All-Russian Guardianship of the Maternity and Infancy Protection as a Source for Studying the Social Policies in the 1910s-1918
Authors:   Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russian Federation, Mitsyuk Natalia A.
Published: July 2023

The relevance of the study springs from searching for an optimal model of family policy in modern Russia. Research of history of family policy focuses on social transformations in the Soviet period. Contribution of social experiments of the early 20th century is underestimated. New archival documents are rarely involved. The article is to assess the archival potential of fonds and documents of the All-Russian Guardianship of the Maternity and Infancy Protection for studying social family policy and creation of a new system of social assistance in the field of maternity and childhood protection in the 1910s. The key methodological concepts are approaches of social history of medicine, which permit to consider the impact of development of the institute of medicine on social and everyday spheres of life. The main method is content analysis of archival documents and fond series, containing materials on the activities of the Guardianship. The authors have worked with fonds of the Russian State Historical Archive (fond 767), the State Archive of the Russian Federation (fond 1795), the Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg (fonds 19, 255, 469). The study of the Guardianship documents has shown that main directions of social policy in the field of maternity and childhood protection were laid down in 1914–18. In that short period, under the crisis conditions of wartime, all existing forms and practices of social policy in this area were used. The success of the Guardianship was determined by its clear organization and involvement of prominent representatives of the expert community. Archival documents have shown that the Guardianship had a fundamentally new organizational status. On the one hand, it performed functions of a ministry (coordination of activities of all organizations implementing social family policy, network of representative offices in the regions, substantial state funding, involvement of prominent statesmen). On the other hand, it had the features of a charitable institution (numerous grassroots initiatives, democratic management style, attracting private funding). The results of its work were forgotten, but the best practices proposed and tested in its active work were used by the Soviet authorities. Its legacy formed a basis for construction of the Soviet system of protection of motherhood and childhood; its results and practices were scaled nationwide and became a part of the state concept of Soviet family policy.
Technological Properties Research of Biocomposites Based on the Natural Decomposable Compounds Reinforced with Buckwheat Husk
Authors: Semukhin Aleksandr , Zavorokhina Natalia , Pastushkova Ekaterina
Published: July 2023

The need to process packaging materials based on petrochemical polymers raises the question of the material for packaging production, while the raw materials for packaging should be multi-tonnage, biodegradable, cost-effective. The buckwheat husk containing up to 50 % fiber, 3–4 % crude protein, 4–5 % fat, 0.2–0.3 % sugars, 9–10% ash, tannins, which is able to inhibit metal corrosion is of a particular interest for the research. Buck wheat husk has a high bulk density – about 145 kg/m3. It is hydrophilic and is able to swell increased in volume by up to 25 %. The study aims at developing composite systems based on natural decomposable compounds reinforced with buckwheat husks. The researchers studied gelatin, sodium alginate, xanthan and guar gum, glycerin, potato starch as plasti cizer compounds. They determined that the buckwheat husk surface under the microscope was porous with many cracks, which explains its hydrophilic properties. The thesis presents characteristics of biocomposites and films from them after drying. A man revealed that the glycerin use did not require water introduction, still the biocomposite had a crumbly structure and low water absorption capacity. Biocomposites based on sodium alginate had optimal characteristics: they were plastic, formed a strong film, were well applicable to the surface, had a water absorption of 65.33 and 71.08 %, respectively. The work presented physicomechanical parameters of biocomposite films.
Possibilities for the Technology Improvement of Soft-Salted Sockeye Salmon Fillet with a Prolonged Shelf Life without Preservatives Use
Authors: Dementieva Natalia , Boitsova Tatyana , Bokov Andrey
Published: July 2023

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus) are an important object of fishing in the Russian Federation. Prolonged delay of fish before processing provokes the spoilage processes onset, and mi crobiological contamination of salmon fish. The research aim is to study the characteristics of sockeye salmon as a raw material for the delicatessen lightly salted products produc tion, to develop a technology for the production of delicatessen salted products without preservatives using vegetable additives. The research consists of sockeye salmon (Onco rhynchus nerka) characteristic, the size-mass and technochemical composition. The sock eye salmon peculiarity is the presence of a large parasites group that are long-term viable and capable of causing various diseases in humans. Thus, a man recommends to produce delicatessen low-salted sockeye salmon products only from frozen raw materials, using preservatives and re-freezing the finished products. The thesis demonstrates the possibil ity to eliminate preservatives, using dusting with vegetable components as barrier agents (bay leaf, black pepper, chili pepper, dill, garlic, lemon) and storing sockeye salmon frozen in vacuum packaging. The researchers developed six recipes, a technological production scheme of sockeye lightly salted frozen salmon fillets with spices. The authors suggested to combine the operations of raw materials defrosting and salting in order to preserve the raw materials quality, optimize salting, form a maturation “bouquet”, reduce the techno logical process duration. When studying the effect of storing frozen sockeye salmon fillets lightly salted with spices, a man revealed that after 1, 6, 8 months of storage, the pro tein solubility in the experimental sample decreased by 6, 12 and 35 %, respectively. The researchers determined the recommended mode: temperature from minus 2 to 0 °C for 4 days. According to the totality of the studied indicators (organoleptic, physico-chemical, microbiological), the recommended shelf life of lightly salted sockeye salmon fillet with vegetable additives is 8 months at a temperature no higher than minus 18 °C.
Analysis of Impacts Associated with Poor Sanitation Management in the Ipojuca River Basin in the Municipality of Caruaru
Authors: Tiburcio Igor Maciel , Gomes Erika Batista , Alves Lucas Nascimento , Souza Ailton Barbosa
Published: July 2023

A má gestão relacionada ao saneamento básico nas cidades brasileiras têm trazido riscos à integridade dos rios, tornando-os cada vez mais poluídos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo bservar as ligações entre a poluição encontrada no rio Ipojuca e a falta de sistema completo de sanemamento básico no município de Caruaru, no Agreste pernambucano. Foram utilizados diversos documentos e relatórios disponibilizados, além do uso da plataforma Sistema de Unidades de Resposta Hidrológica para Pernambuco (SUPer) e de ferramentas de SIG. Através dessa análise foi possível perceber a necessidade de uma gestão responável para o manuseio de recursos hidricos, sobretudo se tratando de chances de contaminação dos rios. É necessário que os projetos criados para mitigação sejam postos em prática para que os problemas desencadeados por este, aqui tratado, sejam resolvidos.Palavras-chaves: Rio Ipojuca; Saneamento Básico; Poluição; Recursos Hídricos. Analysis of Impacts Associated with Poor Sanitation Management in the Ipojuca River Basin in the Municipality of Caruaru Abstract  Poor management related to basic sanitation in Brazilian cities has brought risks to the integrity of rivers, making them increasingly polluted. The present work aims to observe the links between the pollution found in the Ipojuca river and the lack of a complete basic sanitation system in the municipality of Caruaru, in the Agreste region of Pernambuco. Several documents and reports made available were used, in addition to the use of the System of Hydrological Response Units for Pernambuco (SUPer) and GIS tools. Through this analysis, it was possible to perceive the need for responsible management for the handling of water resources, especially when dealing with chances of river contamination. It is necessary that the projects created for mitigation are put into practice so that the problems triggered by this one, discussed here, are resolved. Keywords: Rio Ipojuca; Sanitation; Pollution; Water resources.
Dinâmica espaço-temporal da cobertura e uso das terras de assentamento agrário em região semiárida
Authors: Francisco Paulo Roberto Megna , Silva Viviane Farias , Borges Igo Marinho Serafim , Pessoa Dihego de Souza
Published: July 2023

A análise temporal de imagens de sensoriamento remoto quando realizada através de técnicas de processamento digital propicia o reconhecimento de mudanças nas atividades agrícolas e pecuárias bem como mudanças nas áreas florestais nativas. Objetivou-se avaliar estatisticamente dados espaço-temporais da cobertura e uso da terra do assentamento Patativa do Assaré localizado em região semiárida utilizando série do Mapbiomas entre 1985 a 2020. O tratamento estatístico foi direcionado à aplicação das análises dos dados utilizando o XLSTAT© Trial. Na utilização da aplicação Web MapBiomas como ferramenta para analisar o comportamento espaço-temporal do uso e cobertura dos solos observou-se que houve alterações significativas de área na classe Formação Natural Não Florestal e Agropecuária onde ocorreram as maiores amplitudes. Os maiores desvios ocorreram nas variáveis Floresta e Formação Natural Não Florestal não se tratando de uma distribuição simétrica. A maior regularidade no teste de normalidade ocorreu na classe Floresta.Space-temporal dynamics of coverage and use of agricultural settlement land in semi-arid regionA B S T R A C TThe temporal analysis of remote sensing images when performed through digital processing techniques provides the recognition of changes in agricultural and livestock activities as well as changes in native forest areas. The objective was to statistically evaluate spatio-temporal data on land cover and use of the Patativa do Assaré settlement located in a semi-arid region using the Mapbiomas series between 1985 and 2020. The statistical treatment was directed to the application of data analysis using the XLSTAT© Trial. Using the MapBiomas Web application as a tool to analyze the spatio-temporal behavior of land use and cover, it was observed that there were significant changes in the area in the Non-Forest and Agricultural Natural Formation class, where the largest amplitudes occurred. The largest deviations occurred in the variables Forest and Non-Forest Natural Formation, not being a symmetrical distribution. The highest regularity in the normality test occurred in the Forest class.Keywords: descriptive statistics, multi-temporal avaliaton, semiarid.
Spatiotemporal Mapping and Modeling Hotspot of PM2.5 in the Central part of Bangladesh
Authors: Hassan Md. Shareful , Bhuiyan Mohammad Amir Hossain
Published: July 2023

Particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the critical sources of ambient air pollution and poses the most significant public health threat. In Bangladesh, particularly in the major urban cities, PM2.5 has been identified as an important public health hazard. This research aims to perform a spatiotemporal mapping of PM2.5 from 2002-2019 to determine the hotspots in central Bangladesh. A time series of remotely sensed PM2.5 is used in mapping spatiotemporal and hotspot analysis, applying Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing. This research reveals that the annual concentration of PM2.5 increased by 47% during 2002-2019. On the other hand, the high hotspot zones are found in the middle of the study areas, the core urban areas of Dhaka, Narayanganj, and Gazipur Districts. Moreover, this research found that 16.5% (3,640,748 persons out of the total population) were in the age group 0-9, 0.95% (2,109,99 persons) were in the age group 60+, 5% (12,062,419 persons) were pregnant women, and 1% (24,621 persons) were pneumonia patients in very high- and high-hotspot zones. The relevant policymakers and departments may use these findings on the policy applications for health hazard risk reduction and local and regional air pollution mitigation.