bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on load bearing performance recovery method of a RC simply-supported beam bridge
Authors: Mao Dejun , Zhang Zongxing , Jiang Xun , Jinlin Liu , Shuwei Lan
Published: July 2021

The load-bearing performance of a RC simply supported beam bridge was comprehensively detected and evaluated. The appearance detection results show that there is a large area of damaged and exposed reinforcement in the main girder and diaphragm plate of the bridge. The detecting results of material condition and state parameters show that the durability of the bridge is insufficient, the risk of steel corrosion is large, and the strength condition of concrete material is poor. The load test results show that the bearing capacity of the bridge does not meet the requirements. In view of the current situation of the bridge, a comprehensive reinforcement treatment scheme was proposed, in which modified epoxy mortar is used to repair the main beam and diaphragm of the whole bridge, steel plate is pasted to reinforce the main beam of the whole bridge, and anticorrosive coating is applied on the main beam and diaphragm.
Study on Diagnosis and Treatment Technology of Cracks in Consolidated Continuous Box Girders of Middle Piers during Construction
Authors: Liangyong Guan , Shuiying Dong
Published: July 2021

In this paper, taking the cast-in-place reinforced concrete continuous box girders of a bridge as the research object, we studied the cracking type of the box girders and their construction. Combined with the calculation and analysis of the construction, the causes and effects of the cracks of box girders during the construction were further studied. Then the maintenance and strengthening scheme that UT10 super-highperformance concrete should be used on the bridge floor was proposed, which will provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of similar bridge structures.
Underestimated angle of submarine slope at failure: A short discussion
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhu Chaoqi , Feng Yasheng , Han Xiaohui , Zeng Weite , Xing Congcong , Lin Shili , Liu Gang
Published: July 2021

Submarine landslides always occur along gently inclined continental slopes, but the reasons for such failure of low-angle submarine slopes are unclear and contentious. A short discussion is presented here to some recent published papers including some inspirations about the low-angle failure of submarine slopes. Because fluid overpressure could lead to steepening slopes before landslide, the inclination of the slopes at failure may be underestimated. We offer a new perspective on low-angle failure of low-permeability slopes.
Establishment and prediction of energy demand model in Yunnan Province based on spatial nodes
Authors: Siyang Liu , Zirui Wei , Wen Qian , Yu Chen , Qian Liu , Zhen Long , Junwen Yang
Published: July 2021

Energy demand is closely related to energy price, GDP and population. By using the shortest path algorithm and K-means clustering, we set up the spatial nodes, and carried out the model simulation to predict the energy demand of Yunnan Province. The results show that the total energy consumption of Yunnan Province will still show an upward trend from 2020 to 2015; hydropower silicon integration projects in Yunnan Province, the power supply and demand situation in Yunnan Province will change from oversupply to basic balance between supply and demand, and the role of thermal power in dry season will be played to make the decline of coal consumption tend to be smooth; from 2020 to 2025, Yunnan’s electricity consumption will increase by about 8.02% year-on-year. However, according to the commissioning of some projects, the total electricity consumption in the province will be about 192.9 billion kwh in 2020, with a yearon-year increase of 12.3%.
Online Dispatch of Shared Energy Storage with Remote Renewable Generations
Authors: Wang Shenghe , Li Jinzhong , Xie Yuguang , Bai Jiayu , Gao Bo , Mei Shengwei
Published: July 2021

The sustained penetration of wind and solar generation is conducive to alleviating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. However, the finite capacity of transmission corridor limits the delivery of remote renewables and leads to curtailment. Energy storage plays an important role in renewables accommodation and improving equipment utilization, and shared energy storage can magnify the benefits through a temporal and spatial complementary. This paper proposes an online dispatch approach of energy storage shared by multiple renewable plants. The uncertainty and non-anticipativity issue are addressed via a two-stage decision-making process. The day-ahead scheduling determines the allowable energy and power levels of shared energy storage; the real-time online dispatch decides the wait-and-see strategies of charging and discharging power based on a single-period optimization model constrained by the pre-scheduled bounds. The case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Deformation prediction and anti floating analysis of a raft foundation
Authors: Xu Binbin
Published: July 2021

This paper mainly studies the deformation and stress of the concrete plat under the uniform load considering the thickness of the compression layer of layered ground. Firstly, the load characteristics and the ground strategy are discussed in detail to clarify the boundary condition. Then the deformation of the ground in each layer is calculated by GEO-Cal program and the final settlement and uneven deformation is also predicted using consolidation theory. Ground stress and settlement is also calculated by FEM to verify the previous calculation.
Incremental dynamic analysis of underground subway station structure
Authors: Liu Tong , Xu Fuwang , Wang Qinghe , Xu Huaiyu
Published: July 2021

Incremental dynamic analysis constitutes the basis of seismic performance evaluation and seismic vulnerability assessment. In this paper, a typical two-story three-span subway station structure is selected as an example structure and its incremental dynamic analysis procedure are presented, including selection of ground motion, intensity measure and limit state determination. The incremental dynamic analysis procedure provided in this study can be a basis for further study on seismic design for underground structural systems.
Study on regional characteristics of plant landscape in yao village of longsheng county
Authors: Li Hao Xin , Liang Zhen Ran
Published: July 2021

Taking the plant landscape of Baimian Yao Village and Huangluo Yao Village in the regional environment of Longsheng Autonomous County as the research object, combing and analyzing the status quo of their plant species and plant communities, and combining the folk culture and living area of the minority ethnic group in Guangxi—the Yao nationality,it summarizes the characteristics of plant landscape such as the application of native plant varieties, the level of plant vertical landscape space, and the combination of plant application and folk culture. In order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the future plant landscape construction in this area.
Validation and Optimization of Heat and Mass Transfer Model for Mushroom Convection Drying
Authors: Shan Huimin , Li Kongqing
Published: July 2021

In order to solve the problems of time consuming, energy consumption and low simulation accuracy in the hot air-drying system of food drying. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the drying process of mushrooms can provide a reference for its technology research and development (R&D). The porous media approach was used to model the flow resistance offered by the mushroom. The resistance coefficient and porosity were determined through the experiments. Different air supply ways (wind speed, temperature, fresh air volume, reverse air supply period) were simulated and two optimize ways were suggested according the shortest possible drying time. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The air supply way of periodic with reverse (SMPR), which means timed alternate the direction of air flow, or the way of mix in fresh air intermittently can effectively shorten the drying time. Considering comprehensively, the optimal air supply way was the mix in fresh air intermittently with fresh air accounts for 30% or SMPR with the period of 2h under the condition of the hot air temperature of 55°C and wind velocity of 0.6m/s.
Research on environmental sustainable development from the perspective of ecological science and technology innovation
Authors: Li Na
Published: July 2021

At present, the prominent problems of ecological environment and the negative environmental effects of modern science and technology promote the development of scientific and technological innovation in the direction of ecology. The ecological concept of scientific and technological innovation can help the battle of pollution control and promote the reconciliation between man and nature. The ecological orientation of scientific and technological innovation in environmental sustainable development has some problems, such as unclear development orientation, insufficient innovation ability, lack of ecological concept, and insufficient public participation. Therefore, we should clarify the ecological orientation of scientific and technological innovation, improve innovation ability, promote the reform of environmental management system, and strengthen ecological moral education.
Ultra-short-term Radiation Prediction based on FY-4 Satellite Cloud Images and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Jia Dongyu , Nie Xiaoying , Gao Fuyuan , Li Qingfeng
Published: July 2021

Surface solar radiation is affected by many random mutation factors, which makes the ultra-short-term prediction face great challenges. In this paper, the surface radiation observation station in the northwest (Dunhuang) desert area with broad PV prospects is selected as the research object. The input parameters of the test sample are: cloud forecast value, reflectivity and brightness temperature value of a satellite cloud image closest to the forecast time. The MATLAB software is used to model the prediction program and to predict the surface solar radiation in the next 10 minutes. A combined algorithm of satellite cloud images and neural network is applied to predict surface solar radiation for the next 10 minutes and is compared with the measured surface solar radiation. The model is a lightweight calculation model, it satisfies the calculation precision of engineering requirements. The results show that the diurnal variation trend of measured and predicted radiation values is basically the same. Among them, the prediction accuracy of the model for cloudy days is higher, while for snowy days with more abrupt changes, the prediction error of abrupt points is larger. The model can provide reference for ultra-short-term prediction of surface radiation.
Simulation and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Solar Energy Inter-seasonal Soil Heat Storage
Authors: Lin Ping , Yao Xiangzhi , Bai Yunpeng
Published: July 2021

Taking an office building in Jinan as an example, the simulation model of solar inter-seasonal soil heat storage was established by TRNSYS software, and the variation law of ground temperature in the heat storage period was analyzed. From the perspective of ground temperature change, the influence of the spacing, length, number of drilling wells and area of solar collector on the heat storage effect was analyzed. The results showed that the soil temperature increased rapidly at the beginning of heat storage, and then the temperature rise rate gradually slowed down. The ground heat exchanger spacing, length, number of drilling and collector area will have a great influence on the solar energy seasonal heat storage effect. Therefore, in practical engineering applications, for the solar inter-seasonal soil heat storage system, the parameters of buried pipes, collectors and other components are recommended to be reasonably determined by simulation to obtain the optimal heat storage effect.
Treatment of high-salt oil produced water based on constructed wetland technology—A case study of a costal oilfield
Authors: Cao Xiaoqing , Gao Xue , Zheng Kai , Wu Shan , Meng Guodong , Xie Xiaohui , Su Jixin
Published: July 2021

Aiming at the treatment of large volume of oil produced wastewater, the combined technology based on constructed wetland was applied for produced water treatment in a costal oil field. During the stable operation period, the treatment system maintained removal efficiency of 50.2% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 100% for oil and 85.1% for ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N) under the gradient increase of salinity along the process. Meanwhile, this system has a good ability to adapt the influent fluctuation. When the oil in the influent fluctuated greatly between 11 mg/L to 147 mg/L, the effluent water quality remained stable. The treated water met the national discharge standard for water pollutants from the oilfield industry and can be used for the saline alkali beach wetland as supplement water.
Research on Toughness Design Strategy of Wetland Park Based on the “Chain Theory” —— A case study of Wuhan East Lake Falling Wild Goose Scenic Spot
Authors: Gan Mei , Qian Yongping , Liang Jingwen , Lu Lin
Published: July 2021

Wetland is the significant territorial resources and natural resources in China, whereas the establishment of wetland park is an effective measure to protect wetland resources. The research, taking the Wuhan East Lake Falling Wild Goose Scenic Spot as the example and pointing out the “chain theory”, focuses on the toughness plan and design of wetland park to build “Wetland Pond Chain System” and promote the capacity of nourishing and defending, which can be benefit for the sustainable development of wetland and provide certain references for wetland park plan and design in the future.
Flora of Seed Plants in Longquan Mountain, Wuhan
Authors: Dai Huan , Xu Rujie , Zhang Xinyang , Cai Jing
Published: July 2021

In recent years, in order to provide theoretical and scientific basis for the protection and rational utilization of plant resources in Lon longquan mountain gquan Mountain, the seed plants in Longquan Mountain were taken as the research object, and the field investigation was carried out by using the method of line plus typical sample plot, so as to further study the characteristics of investigated area were further studied. The results show: There are 231 species of 191 genus in 90 families, including 5 families, 9 genus and 11 species of gymnosperms, and 82 species of 182 genus and 85 species of angiosperms. The 14 distribution types of seed plants belong to the statistics: North temperate distribution There are 72 genus, accounting for 37.7% of the total genus of the area, reflecting the obvious north temperate nature of the flora. In addition, there are many ancient taxa and Cretaceous and Tertiary relict plants. There are 163 genus of single genus and genus genus, accounting for 85.3% of the total genus of the region, indicating that the plant origin is relatively old, there are 7 genus in China, which indicates that the unique phenomenon exists, but it is not obvious.
Study on Sustainable Development of Rural Revitalization Based on Slow Village Concept
Authors: Zhang Ruipeng , Huo Junwei , Su Changquan , Xu Yingqiang , Zhong Yiyao , Meng Xin
Published: July 2021

The slow village is the focus of rural development. Under the drive of the slow village, the village will achieve comprehensive economic, social and cultural revitalization and become a sustainable rural development structure in the new era. Based on the concept of “slow village”, this article combines the author’s rural planning proposal of Changji Village in Fanchang County to examine whether the development idea of “slow village” can promote rural revitalization. The article analyzes and researches the three aspects of production, living and ecological space in order to explore a development model of rural revitalization based on the “slow village”, and provide ideas for the revitalization and ecological sustainable development of similar villages.
Modern infrastructure and sustainable socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Sulimin Vladimir , Shvedov Vladislav , Lvova Maya
Published: July 2021

In terms of a modern economic science, the basis of the term “region” is any key feature, aims at reflecting the integrated territory’s allocation. Such indicator can include the geographic location, the economic relationships, and the management activities particularity. The article presents the basic concepts, describes the key functions, features of the structure totality, systems and services located on the territory of a certain administrative unit, designed to ensure a high level of material production efficiency and standards of living. The region economic development dependence on the infrastructure development level as well as its importance for the social and economic spheres of public life are identified.
“Green cities” in China: philosophy and practice
Authors: Kuratchenko Marina A. , Fadario Yusuf O. , Belenok Irina
Published: July 2021

The concept of a “green city” is now closely related to the concept of a “smart city” and is not limited by construction of recreational areas; in other words, a park in the center does not make the city “green”. First of all, “Green City” is an area with effective management, developed infrastructure, energy-saving and emission-reducing technologies that harmoniously integrate urban development and environment. The philosophy of the “green city” reflects the idea of an appropriate social structure and values existing in a particular society and is not completely new. For example, the idea of a “garden city” was formulated at the beginning of the XX century and associated with the agrarian-industrial characteristics of the economy, proposing the principles of self-government [1]. The modern concept of the “green city” appeared in Europe and spread fast all over the world, but in different countries this idea has its own interpretation. This article will analyze the specificity of the perception and implementation of the concept of “Green City” in China, which is distinguished by the integration of world experience and traditional Chinese values.
Legal regulation of the safety of autonomous ships: environmental challenges and approaches
Authors: Chougrani El Houcine , Raheem Al Ali Naser Abdel , Chebotarev Vladimir
Published: July 2021

This study aims to explain the difficulty of the absence of legal regulation of the safety of autonomous and the effects of automation systems (ships in this study) on the human (jobs, skills, human behavior) and nature (pollution, loss of biodiversity, damage, etc). So the human should introduce a novel manner of thinking with the effect of the ethical and moral principle of automation. Our contribution will; focuses on the problem that how to conciliate between the huge positive technology evolution and the negative impact on the human and nature. This paper addresses the need to renew and positioning research in light of this contending.
Development of a methodological approach to assessing tourism potential, considering the recreational needs of the population
Authors: Ushakova Elena О. , Tsoy Marina E.
Published: July 2021

The current situation in the world market of tourist services is characterized by several restrictions concerning both the impossibility of traveling to some countries and tourist formalities aimed at observing the safety measures of tourists. In addition, the structure of tourists’ needs has changed significantly, in connection with which the directions of “green” nature-oriented tourism have become actualized, contributing to the implementation of the concept of sustainable tourism development. In this regard, it is required to assess and re-evaluate the tourist potential of local territories and its development, considering the recreational needs of the local population. The article presents a methodological approach to assessing the tourist potential of local territories, considering the recreational needs of the population. The approach is based on the synthesis of methods for assessing the tourist-recreational potential of local territories and the real needs of tourist-recreational services among the population of the region. The methods of recreational-geographical, marketing, cluster approaches, as well as economic and mathematical modeling and cross-classification were used for methodology forming. The proposed methodological approach is in demand by regional and local authorities, tour operators and investors to objectively assess the tourist potential of local territories, considering the recreational needs of the population and the priorities of tourism development.
Tourism: the current state and conditions for sustainable development of the hotel business
Authors: Okhrimenko Elena , Oshkordina Alla
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the problems associated with the tourism industry and the hotel business during the pandemic. A study was carried out and relevant conclusions were presented on how the pandemic affected the hotel business in Europe and Russia. The authors examined and analyzed in detail the indicators of forecasts in the sphere of the Russian hotel business, particularly in the regions. The authors paid special attention to the study of open public spaces and conducted a detailed analysis, which made it possible to identify the opportunities for the development of the hotel business. In the article the main trends of a pandemic and post-pandemic are studied – the need to reinforce sanitary measures. The research focuses on identifying the features of the economic state of the regions during the pandemic. The authors developed and substantiated the areas that are relevant, useful and applicable for the hotel business; revealed the features of the process of restoration of the hotel business. Special attention is paid to the study of state support measures; the features of their further actualization for the development of the tourism industry are presented. The authors have proposed the ways to overcome the crisis, contributing to a slow, but accurate and safe recovery of the hotel business and an increase in demand.
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the insurance market of Uzbekistan and ways to develop funded life insurance
Authors: Baratova Dinora , Khasanov Khayrullo , Musakhonzoda Ikromjon , Abdumuratov Shokhruh , Uktamov Khusniddin
Published: July 2021

This article puts the emphasis on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Uzbek insurance market and ways to elaborate funded life insurance. In addition, analyzed international practice in the development of life insurance in the world is analyzed. Scientists and experts have also conducted research on the impact of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic on the insurance market of Uzbekistan. It worthy to note that the insurer is a specific entity operating under the laws of Uzbekistan, and the consumer can be real (with a life insurance policy) and potential (which can be insured under accumulative life insurance). The questionnaires developed by us for research purposes were divided into four groups, and a survey was conducted. In addition, the impact of inflation as an external factor, the rate of investment return arising from the results of the insurer’s investment activities, was assessed. In addition, indicators on the mass of risk were offered for the insurer. Conclusions and recommendations were made on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the insurance market of Uzbekistan and ways to develop funded life insurance.
Partnership as a factor of companies’ sustainable development in the Russian pipe industry
Authors: Izakova Natalya , Vozmilov Ivan , Minina Tatiana
Published: July 2021

Building partnerships with consumers in the industrial market, as well as responsible attitude to doing business contribute to companies’ sustainable development, increasing satisfaction not only of consumers, but also of the society as a whole. The article analyzes various approaches to the problem of enterprises’ sustainable development. A method is proposed for identifying criteria that affect the sustainability of industrial companies’ development, including correlation analysis and the contingency table method. The characteristic of the Russian market of pipe products is presented. The hypothesis about the dependence of the industrial enterprises’ sustainability development on the consumers’ satisfaction in the industrial market with the experience of interacting with a supplier has been tested using the method of mathematical statistics. General principles of partnership were formulated based on the results of the study. The implementation of those principles is aimed at increasing company’s stability in the pipe market.
Methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of growth poles in the economic space of the region
Authors: Novikova Natalya , Leontiev Alexander
Published: July 2021

Due to the global world transformations caused by the spread of the new coronavirus infection, the regional development policy requires a radical rethinking. The world economic community is busy looking for new factors to accelerate economic dynamics. The use of space resources, the advantages of polarized development is the basis for the formation and development of growth poles. However, the problems of assessing the effectiveness of this territorial entity remain poorly developed. The purpose of this article is to propose a methodological basis for assessing the effectiveness of growth poles in the economic space of the region.
Study of safety indicators of salted Bracken Fern Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn harvested in the Krasnoyarsk Krai
Authors: Cheremnykh Daria , Gubanenko Galina , Rechkina Ekaterina , Balyabina Tatiana , Kiseleva Olga
Published: July 2021

The article first defined the hygienic safety indicators of salted Bracken Fern Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn harvested in the Krasnoyarsk region and carried out a comparative analysis with the regulated safety indicators of salted vegetables and mushrooms established in the territory of the EAEU Customs Union. The harvesting and processing of Bracken Fern was assessed.
Investigation of safety and mineral composition of fresh petioles ofАrctium lappa L
Authors: Deryusheva Olga Viktorovna
Published: July 2021

The range of food stuffs having a rich composition of useful substances can be greatly enhanced by using a great variety of wild plants growing in Siberia. Apart from familiar widely used wild mushrooms, berries and other wild plants a biennial herbage plant, namely, great burdock can be used. Precise requirements to safety of wild plants growing in Russia are not available in regulatory documents. This makes it much more difficult to pass the procedures of confirming the conformity of products. This also has a negative effect on the processes of harvesting, storage, processing and transportation of wild plant raw materials. The key goal of testing the quality of products is to ensure safety of food stuffs. This goal can be achieved by further study of wild plants and by establishing precise standards of safety.
Measures taken by Russian universities to perform the sustainable development goals in the framework of the third mission
Authors: Chernysheva Tatyana
Published: July 2021

The paper describes the measures taken by Russian universities to implement the Sustainable Development Goals proclaimed by the United Nations in 2015. These goals are in line with the Third Mission activities of a modern university. The core argument is that an environmentally sound interaction should be formed in the depths of educational ecosystems, resulting in an ecological culture. It is advisable to start the transition to a new type of development at universities, since only in this case Russian technologies will eventually meet the environmental requirements. The paper considers the initiatives of the leading Russian universities to introduce economic and social changes aimed at satisfying the needs not only of the living, but also of the future generations [1].
Marketing assessment of the quality of higher education for sustainable development
Authors: Nosyreva Anna , Gritsova Olga , Kapustina Larisa , Drevalev Andrei
Published: July 2021

Education for sustainable development aims to develop skills and expertise which are required to overcome modern challenges faced by society, the challenges arising from negative consequences of scientific progress and technological development. Universities deal with the task of providing education of high quality that meets the requirements of various stakeholders, or the parties involved, and correspond to the interest of society in sustainable development. The article proposes a methodological approach to assessing the quality of education. The methodology is based on studying of the stakeholders’ satisfaction including the state authorities, employers and students. In order to conduct the study, the authors propose using the methods of gap analysis, which allow identifying discrepancies between the actual and the required conditions and the results of the education process implementation, research and development, innovations and other types of activities. This approach allows university management to identify the stakeholders, outline their requirements and expectations regarding the quality of education, as well as to explore particular mismatches, find out the reasons and develop solutions to eliminate them.
Sustainable territorial development in the context of higher education structure
Authors: Kulikova Elena , Molokova Elena , Vlasova Natalia
Published: July 2021

The paper analyzes the impact of the higher education system on territorial development on the basis of modern statistical data. The assessment of the current state of affairs brings out a significant differentiation of regions by the number of universities and students who study there. The formed architecture of the higher education structure does not meet the modern requirements of the spatial development of Russia, contributing to the outflow of talented young people from peripheral regions, provoking uncompensated migration, causing a decrease in the equal accessibility of higher education and the effectiveness of meeting the demand for qualified personnel in regional labor markets. Given the results of the analysis, we draw a conclusion that it is necessary to intensify scientific research in the field in order to develop the latest theory and methodology for synchronizing and harmonizing the interests of the country and its territories.
The study of the impact of genetically modified soybean imports on China's food safety management
Authors: Yu YinTong
Published: July 2021

With the widespread application of genetically modified technology, the proportion of genetically modified crops in the food sector has gradually increased. Of all of China's imported crops, genetically modified soybeans account for more than 75%. However, the safety issue associated with daily consumption, the contamination issue related to planting, as well as the attendant scientific and ethical issues have posed new challenges to the regulatory system of food safety of China. By examining the judicial and administrative management cases concerned, this author finds that the power to exercise effective safety control in regard to Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) rests with the low tier of government under the current system. In addition, the managerial measures are not well defined and targeted. The rules and regulations of China apparently fall short of the standards required of by international treaties. As a result, it is imperative for the higher tier of government to be empowered to handle the management of GMO and fine-tune the management and make some useful improvements. It is also necessary for Chinese authorities to devise a targeted system and make Chinese rules and regulations move closer to international treaties.
Strategic behavior in a vacation queue with delayed observations
Authors: Zhang Jingchuan , Gang Chen , Liu Zaiming
Published: July 2021

We study an emerging computer network model of delayed observations in which the system is unobservable for the customers at their arrival instants, but after a while, they are informed about their current positions and they may renege. We develop a queueing-game-theoretic vacation model to explore customers’ equilibrium strategy, stationary system behavior and social welfare based on a reward-cost structure. Our main results are as follows. First, we determine a closed form of the customers’ equilibrium strategy, the expected net benefit of a customer and social welfare in the service system. Second, extensive numerical experiments that demonstrate the effect of vacation rate θ and system announcement rate δ on the equilibrium strategy and social welfare. We find that the impact of announcement rate δ is greater than vacation rate θ in some cases. Finally, we show that the equilibrium strategy can give customers more information and reduce the cost of waiting. Moreover, our results can also provide more precise information to the system administrators.
Pyloruserhaltende partielle Pankreatoduodenektomie mit segmentaler Pfortaderresektion
Authors: Brunner Maximilian , Krautz Christian , Maak Matthias , Weber Georg F. , Grützmann Robert
Published: July 2021

Einleitung Die pyloruserhaltende partielle Pankreatoduodenektomie stellt eine komplexe viszeralchirurgische Operation dar, insbesondere, wenn simultan eine Resektion und
Rekonstruktion der portalvenösen Achse notwendig wird. Eine entscheidende Rolle im Rahmen der Operation spielt die Versorgung des verbleibenden Restpankreas, da die postoperative
Pankreasfistel (POPF) eine häufige Komplikation mit relevanten Folgen für die betroffenen Patienten darstellt. Für die Anastomosierung des Restpankreas stehen verschiedene Techniken zur
Verfügung: die am häufigsten angewendeten sind die Gang-zu-Mukosa-Pankreatikojejunostomie, die invaginierende Pankreatojejunostomie, die Blumgart-Anastomose sowie die
Pankreatogastrostomie.

Indikation Histologisch gesichertes Adenokarzinom des Pankreaskopfes.

Prozedur Offene pyloruserhaltende partielle Pankreatoduodenektomie mit segmentaler Pfortaderresektion.

Schlussfolgerung Ein standardisiertes und strukturiertes Vorgehen bei der pyloruserhaltenden partiellen Pankreatoduodenektomie hilft, diesen komplexen Eingriff sicher durchzuführen.
Die Durchführung einer simultanen Pfortaderresektion erhöht zwar die Komplexität des Eingriffes – nichtsdestotrotz sollte aber bei Verdacht auf Infiltration der portalvenösen Achse die
Indikation zur En-bloc-Resektion großzügig gestellt werden, da intraoperativ nicht sicher zwischen einer entzündlichen Adhärenz und einer Tumorinfiltration differenziert werden kann und eine
Pfortader-/V.-mesenterica-superior-Resektion die Morbidität und Mortalität des Eingriffes nicht wesentlich erhöht. Das Ziel ist immer eine R0-Resektion. Die Wahl der operativen Technik zur
Versorgung des Restpankreas sollte vom Operateur anhand von dessen Expertise und ggf. an den vorliegenden Situs adaptiert getroffen werden, da nach aktueller Evidenzlage die wichtigsten
Anastomosetechniken hinsichtlich der POPF-Rate gleichwertig erscheinen.
Effect of Irrigating Agitation after Root End Preparation on the Wall Cleaning and Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate Material in Retrograde Obturation
Authors: Valencia Yahir Muñoz , Vertuan Gislene Cristina , Alcalde Murilo Priori , Vivan Rodrigo Ricci , Reis Só Marcus Vinícius , Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro
Published: July 2021

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of irrigant activation with a new ultrasonic tip in root-end preparations and to determine its influence on the bond strength of calcium silicate-based material.

Materials and Methods Maxillary canines were prepared and filled, and their root ends resected. Root-end cavities were ultrasonically prepared and randomly distributed into four groups according to the final irrigation protocols: G1 (ultrasonic irrigation [UI] + saline solution [SS]), G2 (syringe irrigation [SI] + SS), G3 (UI + ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA]), and G4 (SI + EDTA). Cleaning efficacy analysis employed 72 specimens (n = 18) split longitudinally for imaging of the same areas by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The percentage of dentinal tubules opened before and after irrigation was used as evaluation parameter. Push-out testing employed 40 specimens (n = 10) sectioned apical region perpendicularly, which slice was placed on a testing machine for the bond strength measurement and failure mode was assessed by SEM. The data were statistically analyzed (α ≤ 0.05).

Results G3 (UI + EDTA) removed the smear layer more effectively, showed the best tubule opening (p < 0.05), and presented the highest mean bond strength values (p < 0.05). Failure modes were predominantly adhesive, except for the G3 (UI + EDTA) group, in which they were mainly mixed (80%).

Conclusion The results of this study suggest that EDTA 17% agitation promoted better cleaning and smear layer removal, improving the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate material in retrograde obturation.
Influence of Smoking Habits on the Prevalence of Dental Caries: A Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: de Araújo Nobre Miguel A. , Sezinando Ana M. , Fernandes Inês C. , Araújo Andreia C.
Published: July 2021

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking habit on the prevalence of dental caries lesions in a follow-up study.

Materials and Methods A total of 3,675 patients (2,186 females and 1,489 males) with an average age of 51.4 years were included. Outcome measures were the incidence of dental caries defined as incipient noncavitated, microcavitated, or cavitated lesions which had been diagnosed through clinical observation with mouth mirror and probe examination evaluating change of texture, translucency, and color; radiographic examination through bitewing radiographs; or secondary caries through placement of a new restoration during the follow-up of the study.

Statistical Analysis Cumulative survival (time elapsed with absence of dental caries) was estimated through the Kaplan–Meier product limit estimator with comparison of survival curves (log-rank test). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the effect of smoking on the incidence of dental caries lesions when controlled to age, gender, systemic status, frequency of dental hygiene appointments, and socioeconomic status. The significance level was set at 5%.

Results Eight hundred sixty-three patients developed caries (23.5% incidence rate). The cumulative survival estimation was 81.8% and 48% survival rate for nonsmokers and smokers, respectively (p < 0.001), with an average of 13.5 months between the healthy and diseased state diagnosis. Smokers registered a hazard ratio for dental caries lesions of 1.32 (p = 0.001) when controlled for the other variables of interest.

Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that smoking habit might be a predictor for dental caries.
Association between Interleukin-1β Gene Polymorphism and Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Majeed Muhammad Mansoor , Ahmed Imtiaz , Roome Talat , Fatima Tehseen , Amin Rafat
Published: July 2021

Objectives Periodontitis is a pathological condition of the oral cavity, originating from multiple factors, including microbial, environmental and genetic factors. The vulnerability to several pathologies has been studied with the relationship to genetic polymorphisms, and one of the most prominent is the single nucleotide polymorphisms throughout the genome. The study aimed to find out the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin-1β +3954 gene with chronic periodontitis (CP) in Pakistan

Materials and Methods This case–control study was conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences. DNA was extracted from the blood and amplified by using conventional polymerase chain reaction of respective genes followed by sequencing. Mann–Whitney test accessed the difference of clinical parameters between cases and controls, and Fisher’s exact test was applied to access the association of alleles between subjects. Data entered and analyzed using SPSS 21.

Results Significant differences were observed in clinical parameters in cases and controls (p < 0.001). In the IL-1β +3954 gene, T alleles were significantly higher in cases as compared with controls (p < 0.001). Genotype CC was significantly dominant in the controls and genotype CT and TT in patients (Chi-square = 19.83, p < 0.001).

Conclusion Within the study’s limits, IL-1β +3954 gene polymorphism is associated with periodontitis and is expected to be among the several causes of respective pathology in Pakistan’s population.
Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma Arising from the Median Nerve—A Case Report
Authors: Pallewatte Aruna S. , Samarasinghe Eshma C.
Published: July 2021

Fibrolipomatous hamartoma is a rare nonhereditary, congenital condition characterized by benign hyperplasia of fibroadipose tissue around nerve bundles. The median nerve is commonly affected. Underlying pathological process is mature adipose and fibrous tissue infiltrating the epineural and perineural compartments giving typical “pseudo-onion bulb” appearance on histology and “coaxial cable” appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This case of fibrolipomatous hamartoma well illustrates its characteristic clinical, radiological, and histopathological features. Patient is a teenage female presented with painless gradually enlarging mobile lump in the central left palm. Ultrasound scan revealed a hyperechoic subcutaneous lesion, with intervening fine hypoechoic cable like structures following the course of median nerve which was thickened. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed thickened left median nerve with radiating isodense fascicles surrounded by fatty areas. There were no calcifications. MRI showed classic “coaxial cable” like T1, T2 isointense fascicles continuous with the median nerve surrounded by a fusiform lesion demonstrating fat signals on spin-echo sequences which dropped on fat-suppressed gradient echo sequences. Diagnosis of fibrolipomatous hamartoma arising from left median nerve was made, based on typical imaging findings. Biopsy confirmed fibrolipomatous hamartoma. Diagnosis can be made confidently on imaging alone especially with MRI, without the need of biopsy. Both CT and MRI demonstrate fatty mass encasing the thickened nerve fibers. On MRI, characteristic appearance is seen as T1 and T2 low intense tubular thickened neural bundles surrounded by high signal fatty tissue.
An eye-tracking study of phonological awareness in Emirati
Arabic
Authors: Marquis Alexandra , Kaabi Meera Al , Leung Tommi , Boush Fatima
Published: July 2021

This paper studies phonological awareness in
Emirati Arabic by tracking eye movements. Thirty-eight Arabic
participants, divided into feedback and no feedback groups, were
evaluated on three phonological conditions: (1) explicit
instructions for onset consonant matching, (2)
implicit instructions for segmentation of initial
consonant, and (3) rhyme matching. We
hypothesized that (1) fixations would differ according to the
phonological conditions, (2) subjects would perform better on explicit instructions compared to implicit instructions, (3) subjects would perform better in the two consonant conditions compared to the rhyme
condition, and (4) feedback would improve performance. The experiment
shows that accuracy on the consonant conditions was higher than in
the rhyme condition. Fixation patterns differed between the
consonant conditions and the rhyme condition, and this effect was
dependent on the administration of feedback, suggesting that eye
tracking can be used to evaluate phonological awareness in Emirati
Arabic.
The relationship between word and nonword repetition and
receptive and expressive vocabulary skills in Gulf Arabic speaking
children
Authors: Khater Mariam
Published: July 2021

This study investigates early phonological
skills, as represented by nonword repetition (NWR), in typically
developing (TD) Gulf Arabic speaking children and children with
language impairment, and tries to examine findings in relation to
two important NWR hypotheses: the phonological short term memory
account (PSTM, Gathercole &
Baddeley, 1990a) and the linguistic account of Snowling, Chiat, and Hulme
(1991). We developed a new Arabic word and nonword
repetition test (WNRep) and tested 44 TD children and a clinical
group (CL) of 15 children with language impairment, between two and
four years old. Scores were measured using the percent phonemes
correct (PPC) and whole word correct (WWC) methods. The results show
that the TD group scored significantly higher than the CL group on
the WNRep and across one, two and three-syllable words/nonwords, and
that NWR scores correlated significantly with receptive and
expressive vocabulary tests. Apart from its ability to differentiate
between TD and children with language impairment, NWR results
revealed significant differences in groups’ performance even on
one-syllable word and nonwords, which differs from findings in other
languages. The two different scoring methods did not make any
significant contribution to the groups’ results.
The perfect groups of order up to two million
Authors: Hulpke Alexander
Published: July 2021

We enumerate the

15768
15768

perfect groups of order up to

2
⋅

10
6

2\cdot 10^6

, up to isomorphism, thus also completing the missing cases reported by Holt and Plesken [Perfect groups, The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, New York, 1989]. The work supplements the by now well-understood computer classifications of solvable groups, illustrating scope and feasibility of the enumeration process for nonsolvable groups.
Roles for Ndel1 in keratin organization and desmosome function
Authors: Kim Yong-Bae , Hlavaty Daniel , Maycock Jeff , Lechler Terry
Published: July 2021

It is demonstrated that the desmosome-associated protein Ndel1 promotes local assembly/reorganization of the keratin network and is required for desmosome function in cultured cells and mouse skin.
Can’t Wait Any Longer? The Effects of Shorter Waiting Periods on Divorce and Remarriage
Authors: Crystal Wong Ho-Po
Published: July 2021

Since the 1990s, many U.S. states have enacted or lengthened the waiting periods required for parties to divorce with the goal of strengthening marriage or at least discouraging divorce. I use the length of time by which some states have shortened their waiting periods to analyze how such waiting periods affect remarriage rates. I find that when the waiting period is shortened to 1.5 years or less, remarriage rates decrease for relatively young people but increase for older people. To the extent that remarriage is pivotal for older women impoverished by divorce to recover economically and emotionally, my results suggest that—though longer waiting periods might preserve some marriages—a prolonged period might reduce the welfare of older divorced women by hampering their remarriage prospects.
A note on the Wilhelmine Inconsistency
Authors: Litland Jon Erling
Published: July 2021

Wilhelm has recently shown that widely accepted principles about immediate ground are inconsistent with some principles of propositional identity. This note responds to this inconsistency by developing two ground-theoretic accounts of propositional individuation. On one account some of the grounding principles are incorrect; on the other account, the principles of propositional individuation are incorrect.