bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calreticulin-like molecule in trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica HM1:IMSS (Swissprot: accession P83003).
Authors: GonzÃ¡lez Enrique , Rico Guadalupe , Mendoza Guillermo , Ramos Fernando , GarcÃ­a Gabriela , MorÃ¡n Patricia , Valadez Alicia , Melendro Emma I , XimÃ©nez Cecilia
Published: May 2017

In this work, we report the partial sequence of a 51 kDa protein of Entamoeba histolytica that is highly immunogenic in humans. Partial sequencing of the N-terminal end showed that 18 of the first 20 amino acid residues of the protein were identified uniquely, indicating that the final product was a homogeneous protein preparation. The N-terminal sequence that was found was: KVYFEETFENGWKXIWSKW. Comparing the 19-amino acid sequence of the protein in automated databases shows significant similarity with amino acid sequences of the calreticulin-like protein of spinach leaves (77%) and of the calreticulin precursor of Dictyostelium discoideum (60%).
Variation in vector competence for dengue 2 virus among 24 collections of Aedes aegypti from Mexico and the United States.
Authors: Bennett Kristine E , Olson Ken E , MuÃ±oz Maria de Lourdes , Fernandez-Salas Ildefonso , Farfan-Ale Jose A , Higgs Steve , Black William C , Beaty Barry J
Published: May 2017

Aedes aegypti from 24 collections in Mexico and the United States were challenged orally with dengue 2 virus JAM1409 (DEN-2 JAM1409). The vector competence (VC) of the populations ranged from 24% to 83%. Mosquito populations from the Yucatan exhibited greater VC than those from other areas of Mexico. The presence or absence of a midgut infection barrier (MIB) and a midgut escape barrier (MEB) was determined for mosquitoes in each population. The percentage of mosquitoes exhibiting an MIB ranged from 14% to 59%, and those exhibiting an MEB ranged from 4% to 43% in the collections. The MIB and MEB were not completely independent as determined by regression analysis. Midgut infection rates were dose dependent.
Genetic variation within the premembrane coding region of dengue viruses from the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico.
Authors: DÃ­az Francisco J , FarfÃ¡n-Ale Jose A , Olson Ken E , LoroÃ±o-Pino MarÃ­a A , Gubler Duane J , Blair Carol D , Black William C , Beaty Barry J
Published: May 2017

Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequence analyses were used to characterize genetic polymorphisms and phylogenetic relationships, respectively, among dengue (DEN) viruses isolated between 1980 and 1997 from Yucatan, Mexico and surrounding states. Amplified cDNAs from the premembrane (prM) coding region of the DEN viruses were characterized by SSCP. There were six distinct haplotypes of DEN-1 viruses, four haplotypes of DEN-2, four haplotypes of DEN-3, and eight haplotypes of DEN-4. The diversity index for DEN-3 isolates was significantly lower than that of the other serotypes, probably reflecting the recent introduction of this viral serotype into Mexico. The SSCP was a sensitive (84.5%) and specific (95.5%) technique for identifying nucleotide substitutions. Sequence analyses provided insight into the phylogenetic relationships of the DEN strains isolated in Yucatan. One DEN-2 isolate from 1996 was demonstrated to cluster with viruses of the Sri Lanka genotype, none of which have been detected before in the Americas.
Liver Disease in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijewantha Hasitha S
Published: May 2017

Liver disease in Sri Lanka is mainly due to alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In contrast to other South Asian countries, the prevalence of hepatitis B and C is low in Sri Lanka and prevalence of hepatitis A is intermediate. The few reported cases of hepatitis E in Sri Lanka are mainly in people who have traveled to neighboring South Asian countries. Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, drug-induced liver disease, and primary biliary cirrhosis are recognized causes of liver disease in Sri Lanka. Pyogenic and amebic liver abscesses and dengue infection are the other causes of liver disease. Some of the commonly used plants as traditional herbal medicine in Sri Lanka have been shown to have deleterious effects on the liver in animal studies. Considering the high popularity of traditional herbal medicine in the country, it is likely that herbal medicine is an etiological factor for liver disease in Sri Lanka, but no published data are available.

Address reprint requests to:

Wijewantha HS. Liver Disease in Sri Lanka. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):78-81.
Synchronous Colon Carcinoma and Tuberculosis: Coincidence or Linked
Authors: Dayal Seema
Published: May 2017

How to cite this article

Dayal S. Synchronous Colon Carcinoma and Tuberculosis: Coincidence or Linked. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):97-98.
Probiotic Therapy in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Zagazig University Hospitals
Authors: Abdel Monem Sameh M
Published: May 2017

Aim

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is probably the most common liver disorder in the world. A subgroup of NAFLD patients is characterized by injury to the hepatocytes and inflammation in addition to excessive fat (steatohepatitis), the latter condition is nominated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This work aimed to evaluate the role of probiotics on the outcome of NASH in patients admitted to the Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University (inpatients and outpatients).

Materials and methods

This study was performed on 30 patients (17 males and 13 females), with body mass index from 30 to 35 and average age of 44 years with bright fatty liver in ultrasonography and raised alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and positive liver biopsy findings. The patients were divided into group I (case group) that included 15 patients who received probiotics and group II of 15 patients as control group who did not receive probiotics; the study was conducted between November 2014 and April 2016. Clinical assessment, laboratory evaluation, pelvic-abdominal ultrasound, and liver biopsy of all cases were carried out.

Results

In this study, there was significant decrease in liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and no statistically significant other laboratory findings. Also there was relief for dyspepsia in some patients.

Conclusion

Probiotics treatment is effective, safe, well-tolerated, inexpensive, appropriate for long-term use, and optimally, works at multiple levels to downregulate inflammatory mediators, and therefore, probiotics could be an option in the treatment of NASH.

How to cite this article

Monem SMA. Probiotic Therapy in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Zagazig University Hospitals. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):101-106.
ATIVISMO JUDICIAL E CONTROLE DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Monteiro
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo tem a intenção de examinar o dinamismo do chamado “ativismo judicial”, de modo que ao magistrado seja possível interpretar as normas constitucionais, com foco a ampliar seu sentido ou alcance, com a finalidade de possibilitar a intervenção do Poder Judiciário, visando conferir efetividade ao direito fundamental à boa gestão pública.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE, ATIVISMO JUDICIAL E O CONSEQUENTE DESEQUILÍBRIO DO ORÇAMENTO PÚBLICO
Authors: Silva Juvêncio Borges , Jucatelli João Paulo
Published: May 2017

A judicialização e o ativismo judicial são uma realidade que permeia as relações jurídicas, sociais e políticas da sociedade brasileira. São diversas as causas que lhe deram ensejo, sendo que os documentos Constitucionais surgidos no período pós Segunda Guerra Mundial em muito contribuíram para a origem deste fenômeno. A administração da justiça, com vistas à preservação da ordem democrática Constitucional e em face do déficit representacional dos poderes eletivos para com a sociedade no atual contexto político nacional, tem se valido da judicialização e do ativismo judicial com vistas a realizar justiça. No entanto, em nome deste processo, tem-se manifestado sinais de interferências do Poder Judiciário em face dos outros Poderes da República. O presente artigo objetiva, portanto, discutir a legitimidade destas ingerências, mormente no caso das políticas públicas de saúde, na medida em que lhes impõe obrigações cujos custos financeiros provocam verdadeiros desarranjos nos orçamentos públicos, colocando em risco a organização e execução das políticas públicas priorizadas por cada uma destas esferas de Poder da República, reclamando, assim, que sejam fixados limites a esta prática de modo a assegurar o equilíbrio e autonomia entre todos os Poderes. A pesquisa se limitará à judicialização das políticas públicas de saúde e sua repercussão na Administração Pública, considerando sua legitimidade e constitucionalidade, valendo-se para tanto do método analítico-dedutivo.
ÍNTEGRA DA REVISTA
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: May 2017

Íntegra da Revista
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR CAMERA POSE ESTIMATION FROM OBJECT DETECTIONS
Authors: Shalnov E. V. , Konushin A. S.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Known scene geometry and camera calibration parameters give important information to video content analysis systems. In this paper, we propose a novel method for camera pose estimation based on people observation in the input video captured by static camera. As opposed to previous techniques, our method can deal with false positive detections and inaccurate localization results. Specifically, the proposed method does not make any assumption about the utilized object detector and takes it as a parameter. Moreover, we do not require a huge labeled dataset of real data and train on the synthetic data only. We apply the proposed technique for camera pose estimation based on head observations. Our experiments show that the algorithm trained on the synthetic dataset generalizes to real data and is robust to false positive detections.
INFRARED CEPHALIC-VEIN TO ASSIST BLOOD EXTRACTION TASKS: AUTOMATIC PROJECTION AND RECOGNITION
Authors: Lagüela S. , Gesto M. , Riveiro B. , González-Aguilera D.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Thermal infrared band is not commonly used in photogrammetric and computer vision algorithms, mainly due to the low spatial resolution of this type of imagery. However, this band captures sub-superficial information, increasing the capabilities of visible bands regarding applications. This fact is especially important in biomedicine and biometrics, allowing the geometric characterization of interior organs and pathologies with photogrammetric principles, as well as the automatic identification and labelling using computer vision algorithms. This paper presents advances of close-range photogrammetry and computer vision applied to thermal infrared imagery, with the final application of Augmented Reality in order to widen its application in the biomedical field. In this case, the thermal infrared image of the arm is acquired and simultaneously projected on the arm, together with the identification label of the cephalic-vein. This way, blood analysts are assisted in finding the vein for blood extraction, especially in those cases where the identification by the human eye is a complex task. Vein recognition is performed based on the Gaussian temperature distribution in the area of the vein, while the calibration between projector and thermographic camera is developed through feature extraction and pattern recognition. The method is validated through its application to a set of volunteers, with different ages and genres, in such way that different conditions of body temperature and vein depth are covered for the applicability and reproducibility of the method.
OVERVIEW OF DIGITAL FORENSICS ALGORITHMS IN DSLR CAMERAS
Authors: Aminova E. , Trapeznikov I. , Priorov A.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. The widespread usage of the mobile technologies and the improvement of the digital photo devices getting has led to more frequent cases of falsification of images including in the judicial practice. Consequently, the actual task for up-to-date digital image processing tools is the development of algorithms for determining the source and model of the DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex) camera and improve image formation algorithms. Most research in this area based on the mention that the extraction of unique sensor trace of DSLR camera could be possible on the certain stage of the imaging process into the camera. It is considered that the study focuses on the problem of determination of unique feature of DSLR cameras based on optical subsystem artifacts and sensor noises.
THERMALNET: A DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORK FOR SYNTHETIC THERMAL IMAGE GENERATION
Authors: Kniaz V. V. , Gorbatsevich V. S. , Mizginov V. A.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Deep convolutional neural networks have dramatically changed the landscape of the modern computer vision. Nowadays methods based on deep neural networks show the best performance among image recognition and object detection algorithms. While polishing of network architectures received a lot of scholar attention, from the practical point of view the preparation of a large image dataset for a successful training of a neural network became one of major challenges. This challenge is particularly profound for image recognition in wavelengths lying outside the visible spectrum. For example no infrared or radar image datasets large enough for successful training of a deep neural network are available to date in public domain. Recent advances of deep neural networks prove that they are also capable to do arbitrary image transformations such as super-resolution image generation, grayscale image colorisation and imitation of style of a given artist. Thus a natural question arise: how could be deep neural networks used for augmentation of existing large image datasets? This paper is focused on the development of the Thermalnet deep convolutional neural network for augmentation of existing large visible image datasets with synthetic thermal images. The Thermalnet network architecture is inspired by colorisation deep neural networks.
DYNAMIC KEYPOINT-BASED ALGORITHM OF OBJECT TRACKING
Authors: Morgacheva A. I. , Kulikov V. A. , Kosykh V. P.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. The model of the observed object plays the key role in the task of object tracking. Models as a set of image parts, in particular, keypoints, is more resistant to the changes in shape, texture, angle of view, because local changes apply only to specific parts of the object. On the other hand, any model requires updating as the appearance of the object changes with respect to the camera. In this paper, we propose a dynamic (time-varying) model, based on a set of keypoints. To update the data this model uses the algorithm of rating keypoints and the decision rule, based on a Function of Rival Similarity (FRiS). As a result, at the test set of image sequences the improvement was achieved on average by 9.3% compared to the original algorithm. On some sequences, the improvement was 16% compared to the original algorithm.
A numerical study of tsunami wave impact and run-up on coastal cliffs using a CIP-based model
Authors: Zhao Xizeng , Chen Yong , Huang Zhenhua , Hu Zijun , Gao Yangyang
Published: May 2017

Abstract. There is a general lack of understanding of tsunami wave interaction with complex geographies, especially the process of inundation. Numerical simulations are performed to understand the effects of several factors on tsunami wave impact and run-up in the presence of gentle submarine slopes and coastal cliffs, using an in-house code, a constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based model. The model employs a high-order finite difference method, the CIP method, as the flow solver; utilizes a VOF-type method, the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing/slope weighting (THINC/SW) scheme, to capture the free surface; and treats the solid boundary by an immersed boundary method. A series of incident waves are arranged to interact with varying coastal geographies. Numerical results are compared with experimental data and good agreement is obtained. The influences of gentle submarine slope, coastal cliff and incident wave height are discussed. It is found that the tsunami amplification factor varying with incident wave is affected by gradient of cliff slope, and the critical value is about 45°. The run-up on a toe-erosion cliff is smaller than that on a normal cliff. The run-up is also related to the length of a gentle submarine slope with a critical value of about 2.292 m in the present model for most cases. The impact pressure on the cliff is extremely large and concentrated, and the backflow effect is non-negligible. Results of our work are highly precise and helpful in inverting tsunami source and forecasting disaster.
Retrospective on Rosemary Radford Ruether's “The Feminist Critique in Religious Studies”
Authors: Van Dyken Tamara
Published: May 2017

This is a retrospective on Rosemary Radford Ruether's 1981 article, “The Feminist Critique in Religious Studies.” It highlights the significance of her work at the time as well as its continued relevance in the current climate.
Del discurso a la realidad: internacionalización de la educación superior en académicos extranjeros en la UAEMEX
Authors: López Aristeo Santos , Fávero Altair Alberto , González Norma González
Published: May 2017

El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la inclusión de académicos extranjeros en la universidad pública. Parte de las explicaciones tiene su origen en la certificación de la calidad de la educación superior que está abierta a diversas dimensiones que van más allá de procesos de auditoria financiera. El mundo global a las universidades les demanda incorporarse a los ranking universitarios o “tablas de posiciones” (league tables). Bajo este formato los indicadores direccionan no solo a seguir las directrices globales sino que le hace estar
atenta a los factores a evaluar que van más allá de indicadores cuantitativos, sino que les obliga a generar alertas para llamar la atención en campos innovadores. En esta idea, la parte cualitativa y subjetiva adquiere fuerza en el cotidiano académico con esta mirada de comparación y estándares internacionales. Así, el rubro de cooperación internacional se redimensiona a la colaboración, movilidad, establecimiento de redes así como la atracción, retención de académicos investigadores y docentes que compartan su talento, producción
académica y su visión intercultural. Estas experiencias de internacionalización permiten romper la endogamia en las instituciones y nutrir no solo la formación disciplinaria, sino que también posibilita el transito global interdisciplinario a una cosmociudania que beneficie a las instituciones y sobre todo al modelo educativo. En esta idea, se realizo un estudio con 64 académicos extranjeros en la UAEMEX, con categorías: migración, género, aportaciones académicas y situaciones de vida en sus objetivos a explorar. Los hallazgos indican que es un tema que mismo que es preocupación mundial aun no es percibido por los propios académicos extranjeros que forman parte de este segmento a evaluar. Por su parte también la institución aun no percibe la importancia que es el tener académicos extranjeros y propiciar la dinamización de este apartado, no ha establecido estrategias locales y de contribución de meta internacional para alcanzar la puntuación en este rubro, situación que es preocupante pues la meta no es solo firmas de intercambio sino la verdadera activación del trabajo universitario.
A internacionalização da universidade pautada em seu site oficial: uma abordagem sobre notícias veiculadas e principais ênfases
Authors: Cunha Maria Isabel da , Chaigar Vânia Alves Martins , Silva Soares Luiz Paulo da
Published: May 2017

O artigo reflete um trabalho investigativo construído em parceria entre diversas universidades brasileiras, reunidas no Grupo de Pesquisa Formação de Professores, Ensino e Avaliação (Unisinos/CNPq). A pesquisa “guarda-chuva” foi articulada em três eixos: a qualidade e o direito à educação e as estratégias institucionais para a democratização acadêmica e os desafios em tempos de globalização. Esse recorte trata do estudo realizado por um grupo de pesquisadores que abordou a internacionalização a partir de notícias publicadas no site da instituição investigada. Problematizou: Como a internacionalização é enunciada pela instituição em seu site oficial? Quais as ênfases observadas em suas notícias? Que tipo de internacionalização está em curso? Nesse trabalho, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre qualidade e globalização, mudanças no papel do Estado, distinções sobre internacionalização e globalização, o processo de internacionalização na universidade em foco e principais
ênfases. O estudo revelou uma intensa relação da universidade com o processo de internacionalização, consubstanciada em documentos, saídas e chegadas de docentes e discentes, parcerias, programas, missões e projetos, atenção a editais e uma ênfase de notícias sobre o CsF associado ao IsF e TOEFEL/ITP.
Educação comparada internacional: percepções sobre a formação de professores no Brasil e na Alemanha
Authors: Viero Devechi Catia Piccolo , Tauchen Gionara , Lanz Helza Ricarte
Published: May 2017

O estudo hermenêutico, ainda em desenvolvimento, realizado no âmbito da educação comparada internacional, abordará, para fins de análise de uma interface do estudo, a política em educação no que se refere à formação docente para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental no Brasil e na Alemanha, bem como a sua relação com a educação internacional. Objetivamos compreender e problematizar as concepções que têm permeado essa formação nos dois países, tendo em vista que ocorreram modificações substantivas na última década. Ambos os países precisaram se adaptar às exigências legais, como a resolução CNE/CP n. 1/2006, no caso do Brasil, e a Declaração de Bolonha em 1999, no caso da Alemanha. No Brasil, os cursos de pedagogia precisaram atender ao enfoque da formação de professores para a Educação Infantil e primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental, da formação de pesquisadores e gestores. Na Alemanha, os cursos precisaram se adaptar aos graus acadêmicos de forma equivalente aos demais países europeus, adotando um sistema baseado em duas fases: bacharelado (3
anos) e mestrado (2 anos); e vários estágios práticos. Percebe-se que, mesmo com perspectivas, estruturas, contextos e problemas diferentes, há uma tendência de formação docente decorrente da globalização internacional cada vez mais tecnificada e menos emancipadora.
Estratégias, negociações e disputas em uma situação de brincadeira na educação infantil
Authors: Nogueira Gabriela Medeiros , Peres Eliane Teresinha
Published: May 2017

Com o propósito de discutir aspectos da infância, da cultura lúdica e da cultura de pares, apresentamos dados de uma pesquisa com viés etnográfico realizada com um grupo de crianças de uma turma de pré-escola, de uma escola de ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Pelotas, RS. A análise pautou-se em situações de interações entre as crianças nos momentos de brincadeiras livres, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos indicados por Brougère (1998, 2008), Corsaro (1990, 2007, 2011), Sarmento (2003, 2008), entre outros autores. A descrição dos momentos de brincadeira livre demonstrou que as crianças são altamente perspicazes em suas ações, buscando estratégias elaboradas para atingir seus objetivos. Os dados discutidos neste texto indicaram como as crianças se expressaram no cotidiano da sala de aula e vivenciaram a cultura de pares em momentos lúdicos. Conhecer as diferentes estratégias que as crianças utilizam em situações de brincadeiras livres permite repensar ações pedagógicas, tornando-as mais condizentes com a cultura da infância.
Conselho Editorial
Authors: Matiello Vaz Caroline De Fátima
Published: May 2017

Secretariado Executivo em Revist@
Nº 11/2015
ISSN 1809-2802

Acesso: www.upf.br/seer

Conselho editorial desta edição:
Profa. Ma. Aline Cantarotti
Profa. Dra. Cibele Barsalini Martins
Profa. Ma. Cibelle da Silva Santiago
Profa. Ma. Daniela Giareta Durante
Profa. Ma. Fernanda Cristina Sanches
Profa. Ma. Joelma Soares da Silva
Profa. Ma. Josete Alzira Passamani Stocco
Profa. Ma. Keila Raquel Wenningkamp
Profa. Dra. Ivanete Daga Cielo
Prof. Me. Rodrigo Müller
Profa. Ma. Rosimeri Ferraz Sabino

Organização:
Profa. Ma. Caroline de Fátima Matiello Vaz
Attitudes of Professional Muslim Women in Saudi Arabia regarding Wearing the Abaya
Authors: DeCoursey C.A.
Published: May 2017

Clothing choices create a “semiotic sparkle” for the individual, and convey meaning to viewers. In a global world, interpretations may differ, if wearer and viewer are from different cultures. This is the case for the hijab, or required Muslim dress for women, which has been profoundly ideologised. This study explores how young professional Saudi women understand the abaya, the long outer robe, as a fashionable article of clothing. Corpus data was analysed using Appraisal techniques. Positive results indicate they focus on visual details, appreciate its enabling both comfort and elegance, and perceive design-diversification according to social identities, activities, contexts and roles. They view wearing the abaya as culturally authentic, more than a religious duty. Negative results focused on hot textiles in summer, movement hindrance, and cleanliness.
The Cultural Roots of Contemporary Islamic Terrorism and Ways of Confronting It
Authors: Shboul Hani Ahmed
Published: May 2017

This study aims at analysis and explanation of the phenomenon of the Islamic terrorism from a cultural perspective; i.e. a cultural reading of the religious violence phenomenon, and how the cultural systems would view the religion-induced use of violence at various levels. Generally, the unique nature of a culture sustains as well as revitalizes certain variants of extremism and terrorism.In the present study, the hypothesis was that the prevalent sociopolitical culture dominating the thinking of the majority of Arab Muslims, which is originally inspired by the religious and historical repertoire, was one of the most effective mechanisms producing extremisms and terrorism. Hence, to stand up to terrorism most effectively, the overall thinking shall be revolutionized towards a civic culture drawing on which to establish the critical mindset based upon novel social values that are capable to interaction with the most recent breakthroughs of the contemporary civilization of the globe.The researcher, as a consequence, recommends reproduction of the current Muslims' culture by employing the educational and media institutions to disseminate an open-minded civic culture that tolerates with others, and accepts multiculturalism and diversity. To that end, the researcher adopted the Content Analysis approach to analyze the content of the dominating culture and its relation to the production of terrorism and ways of confrontation.
Eurospy. Une culture pop européenne au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Letourneux Matthieu
Published: May 2017

Entre 1950 et 1970, l’espionnage connaît dans toute l’Europe un succès considérable. Des films, séries télévisées, collections de romans, de bandes dessinées ou de romans-photos sont diffusés par centaines et circulent très largement entre les pays, participant de la sorte à la redéfinition d’une identité culturelle européenne et à son homogénéisation à travers des traductions, des coproductions et des accords entre éditeurs. Marqués par une forte sérialisation des discours, ces récits contribuent à redéfinir les imaginaires européens après les bouleversements qu’ils ont connus avec la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Marginalisée sur la scène internationale, affaiblie dans ses anciens territoires coloniaux, traumatisée par les conflits passés entre les nations, l’Europe se réinvente dans ces oeuvres, en mettant en scène des logiques de collaboration inter-États et en redéfinissant ses représentations géopolitiques. Elle négocie ainsi entre une reconnaissance de son déclin et une affirmation de son rôle selon de nouvelles modalités. Mais c’est aussi dans le domaine des moeurs, de la sexualité ou de la consommation que le récit d’espionnage rend compte des tensions qui traversent les sociétés en mutations des Trente Glorieuses, dans un discours qui oscille entre fascination et répression. En ce sens, alors même qu’il s’agit de productions bas de gamme destinées au divertissement, et peut-être pour cela même, les récits d’espionnage démontrent la faculté des productions sérielles à rendre compte des mutations des imaginaires face aux transformations d’une époque.
Hallucinations, paranoïa, fantasme de destruction : le sujet en proie aux machinations du réel dans Le Ventre d’André Benchetrit et Le Pyromane de Thomas Kryzaniac
Authors: Voyer Marie-Hélène
Published: May 2017

Par l’analyse des romans Le Ventre (1995) d’André Benchetrit et Le Pyromane (2013) de Thomas Kryzaniac, l’auteure étudie les ressorts d’un certain imaginaire de la surveillance qui se déploie dans tout un pan de la littérature actuelle. Un imaginaire qui s’érige sur diverses figures de l’absence ainsi que sur les motifs de l’infection et de l’invasion. L’attention extrême aux détails, de même que diverses stratégies de mise en récit de la dissolution et de la destruction y agissent comme autant de manières de pallier les défaillances de la perception qui constituent la source même de l’illusion conspiratoire des personnages.
Des représentations figées à la présence fugitive : « De vent et de fumée » d’Yves
Bonnefoy
Authors: Khodr Fadi
Published: May 2017

On a vu dans « De vent et de fumée » tantôt une trace shakespearienne, tantôt un
poème des origines. Or une lecture stratigraphique du texte contribue à dégager ses
arrière-textes et à mieux saisir par là même son enjeu. En proposant de déceler la véritable
langue à partir de laquelle sont traduites les pages du poème, l’analyse montre que ce poème
d’Yves Bonnefoy est une illustration complète de son art poétique. Le poète entend délivrer
la poésie des représentations partielles découlant de la pensée conceptuelle de l’artiste,
ou du moi de surface, oublieux de la finitude. De sorte que le regard de l’enfant-poète, ou
du « je » profond, vivant parmi les présences, perçoive et dise l’intuition d’une pleine
évidence.
Shank is a dose-dependent regulator of Cav1 calcium current and CREB target expression
Authors: Pym Edward , Sasidharan Nikhil , Thompson-Peer Katherine L , Simon David J , Anselmo Anthony , Sadreyev Ruslan , Hall Qi , Nurrish Stephen , Kaplan Joshua M
Published: May 2017

Shank is a post-synaptic scaffolding protein that has many binding partners. Shank mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) are linked to several psychiatric disorders, and to synaptic and behavioral defects in mice. It is not known which Shank binding partners are responsible for these defects. Here we show that the C. elegans SHN-1/Shank binds L-type calcium channels and that increased and decreased shn-1 gene dosage alter L-channel current and activity-induced expression of a CRH-1/CREB transcriptional target (gem-4 Copine), which parallels the effects of human Shank copy number variations (CNVs) on Autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. These results suggest that an important function of Shank proteins is to regulate L-channel current and activity induced gene expression.
Noradrenaline blockade specifically enhances metacognitive performance
Authors: Hauser Tobias U , Allen Micah , Purg Nina , Moutoussis Michael , Rees Geraint , Dolan Raymond J
Published: May 2017

Impairments in metacognition, the ability to accurately report one’s performance, are common in patients with psychiatric disorders, where a putative neuromodulatory dysregulation provides the rationale for pharmacological interventions. Previously, we have shown how unexpected arousal modulates metacognition (Allen et al., 2016). Here, we report a double-blind, placebo-controlled, study that examined specific effects of noradrenaline and dopamine on both metacognition and perceptual decision making. Signal theoretic analysis of a global motion discrimination task with adaptive performance staircasing revealed that noradrenergic blockade (40 mg propranolol) significantly increased metacognitive performance (type-II area under the curve, AUROC2), but had no impact on perceptual decision making performance. Blockade of dopamine D2/3 receptors (400 mg amisulpride) had no effect on either metacognition or perceptual decision making. Our study is the first to show a pharmacological enhancement of metacognitive performance, in the absence of any effect on perceptual decision making. This enhancement points to a regulatory role for noradrenergic neurotransmission in perceptual metacognition.
Odor identity coding by distributed ensembles of neurons in the mouse olfactory cortex
Authors: Roland Benjamin , Deneux Thomas , Franks Kevin M , Bathellier Brice , Fleischmann Alexander
Published: May 2017

Olfactory perception and behaviors critically depend on the ability to identify an odor across a wide range of concentrations. Here, we use calcium imaging to determine how odor identity is encoded in olfactory cortex. We find that, despite considerable trial-to-trial variability, odor identity can accurately be decoded from ensembles of co-active neurons that are distributed across piriform cortex without any apparent spatial organization. However, piriform response patterns change substantially over a 100-fold change in odor concentration, apparently degrading the population representation of odor identity. We show that this problem can be resolved by decoding odor identity from a subpopulation of concentration-invariant piriform neurons. These concentration-invariant neurons are overrepresented in piriform cortex but not in olfactory bulb mitral and tufted cells. We therefore propose that distinct perceptual features of odors are encoded in independent subnetworks of neurons in the olfactory cortex.
CALL and the Saudi Arabian EFL Learners: An Action Research
Authors: Suleiman Alfallaj Fahad Saleh
Published: May 2017

There is a growing consciousness to the need to know English among the Saudi Arabian peoples. This is apparent in the painstaking efforts of the policy makers in bringing in technology as an aid to teachers, institutions diverting huge funding to the field and encouraging research in the area. Learning outcomes, however, do not reflect these efforts. This study is an effort to zero in on factors that are impeding the expected proficiency of the Saudi EFL learner with special reference to the use of CALL. Having done this, the study makes pertinent recommendations with the larger aim of bringing the EFL learners to level playing ground in the global language scene. It is an Action Research carried out in the course of the researcher’s teaching tenure at Qassim University in KSA.
Doubleness and Alienation in the South Park Version of Great Expectations
Authors: Cao Claudia
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a comparative analysis of the South Park episode “Pip” dedicated to Great Expectations (1861) by Charles Dickens. Starting from the assumption that every transposition is a form of active reworking that opens up and multiplies the source text on a semantic level, my essay shows how this animated series highlights a main theme of Great Expectations and refunctionalizes it in a science-fictional revisitation of the story: the theme of doubles and the alienation of the two youngest characters, Pip and Estella.My methodological approach is based on the premise that, as a syncretic text, the transposition uses multiple languages to convey its communicative intention. In particular, the South Park episode emphasizes the focal point chosen throughout four closely interdependent means: the presence of a storyteller, the use of cuts and condensations, the dialectic between parody and fidelity to the original text and, finally, in the third part of the episode, the change of the genre from the original Bildungsroman to a science-fictional version.
Readability and Comprehensibility in Translation Using Reading Ease and Grade Indices
Authors: Acar Alpaslan , İŞİSAĞ Korkut Uluç
Published: May 2017

The study compared and contrasted the readability and comprehensibility levels of technical and scientific texts in English and their Turkish translations through Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, The Coleman-Liau Index, The SMOG Index, Automated Readability Index and Linsear Write Formula. Atesman Reading Ease Formula was employed to measure the reading ease of the translated texts in Turkish. To measure the comprehensibility levels of the source texts and target texts, a checklist consisting of source texts and corresponding questions were administered to 43 English lecturers. One text was translated through Google translation. The comprehensibility level ranges from 0 to 100. (for English text: Comprehensibility level = (total items scores *100)/11; for Turkish texts comprehensibility level = (total items scores *100) /12. If comprehensibility level is 0-20, comprehensibility is considered very low; 21-40 is low; 41-60 is intermediate; 61-80 is high; 81-100 is very high. Cronbach's alpha statistics showed the internal consistency is 0,768 for the English texts and 0,796 for the Turkish texts. T-test was used for independent samples. Wilcoxon test was used for two related samples.  The results showed that Flesh Reading Formula was compatible to Ateşman Reading Ease Formula. The comprehensibility levels of the source texts and the target texts were found higher than the readability of the texts.  The comprehensibility of the target texts was found higher than that of the source texts. A statistical difference was found between the readability and comprehensibility levels of the texts. Google translation had the lowest comprehensibility level.
Malaysian Instructors’ Assessment Beliefs in Tertiary ESL Classrooms
Authors: Elshawa Niveen R. M. , Nadzimah Abdullah Ain , Md Rashid Sabariah
Published: May 2017

Language assessment can be a valuable tool for providing information regarding language teaching. Given the importance of assessment that has undergone much change, there are important issues that warrant investigation, particularly those related to language instructors. Understanding the assessment beliefs of ESL instructors, especially at the tertiary level, is important since it can help improve the quality of assessment practices as well. Therefore, this study investigated English language instructors’ assessment beliefs in the Malaysian context. This study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The survey method was utilized to collect data from six Malaysian universities using a purposive sampling strategy. English language instructors (n=83) were selected via purposive sampling for the study. Findings of the study revealed that English language instructors believed that the purpose of assessment was to improve teaching and learning. Regarding the assessment beliefs that are related to the assessment purposes, analyses of data showed that the items that received the highest percentage of agreement were diagnosing strength and weaknesses in students, providing information about students’ progress and providing feedback to students as they learn, respectively. Although they reported using both formal and informal assessment of their students’ work, English language instructors relied heavily on paper and pencil assessment while giving more weightage on formative assessment. The majority of English language instructors reported employing marking schemes for the courses they taught, carrying out sample marking and providing feedback. Finally, English language instructors reported using different types of assessments for every language skill taught in their language unit/center. The findings highlight the fact that English instructors should be more empowered in their role as the assessors of students. Their knowledge about what, how, when to assess should be developed through long professional development courses; one-shot workshops or seminars would not be enough to improve instructors’ assessment literacy.
A Review of Early Sport Specialization in Relation to the Development of a Young Athlete
Authors: Michael Normand Jonathan , Wolfe Andrew , Peak Kayla
Published: May 2017

Background: The overall physical and psychological development of a young athlete is crucial for the enjoyment of physical activity for a lifetime. Children, as well as parents, tend to focus on individual accomplishment in sport despite any other aspect of physical development or appropriate training. Objective: the pressure to excel in sport has all too often brought about negative consequences through specialization at an early age. Method: A review and commentary report on the impact of early sport specialization on the physical and psychological development of a young athlete. Conclusion: A long-term, activity and age-appropriate developmental model is essential to those involved in training young athletes. Sport specialization may be appropriate in unique situations but only after the development of specific skills, abilities, and psychological maturity. As sport professionals, parents and coaches should be educated the pros/cons of early sport specialization. Ultimately, the focus on sport participation should be to increase physical activity, psychological development, and appreciation for a lifetime.
The Relationship Between Core Stability & Squat Ratio in Resistance-Trained Males
Authors: Ray Tyler , Adams Kent J. , DeBeliso Mark
Published: May 2017

Background: The lumbopelvic-hip complex, also referred to as the “core”, is composed of every muscle between the knees and sternum. The back squat (BS) and front squat (FS) are both staple exercises that challenge the core in different ways.  Possessing a properly balanced squat ratio (SR = 1-RM FS/1-RM BS; 1-RM = one-repetition maximum) could lead to a more stable core. Objective: This study attempted to determine if there was a meaningful relationship between the SR and core strength (CS) in resistance-trained males. If a strong relation exists between the SR and CS, strength and conditioning professionals would have a readily available assessment tool for examining CS by simply viewing the SR. Method: Twenty-one resistance-trained males (age = 28.3 ± 6.2 years; body mass = 93.1 ± 13.1 kg; height = 181.9 ± 7.6 cm; weight training experience with FS & BS = 6.4 ± 3.7 years) performed CS tests (flexor endurance, extensor endurance, prone bridge, left side-bridge, and right side-bridge), along with a 1-RM in the BS and FS.  An aggregate of the CS test times (CSA) was also calculated for comparison with the SR. A Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) was used to compare the SR with the CS tests and the CSA. Results: The CS test results were as follows (secs): flexor endurance 228.2±93.0, extensor endurance 137.0±28.2, prone bridge 166.7±51.3, left side-bridge 97.36±31.0, right side-bridge 100.2±28.3, and CSA 729.8±165.4. The 1-RM BS, 1-RM FS, and SR were: 157.5±29.7 kgs, 132.2±24.3 kgs, and 0.84±0.06 respectively.  A moderate correlation was found between total CSA and the SR (r = 0.50, CD2 = 0.25, p<0.05).  In addition, a moderate correlation was found between the prone bridge test and the SR (r = 0.49, CD2 = 0.24, p<0.05).  A very strong positive correlation was also found between 1-RM BS and 1-RM FS (r = 0.93, CD2 = 0.86, p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the CSA and prone bridge test are moderately related to the SR. However, the low coefficient of determination between the SR and CS times suggests that the SR is not a suitable estimate of CS. The very strong relationship between the 1-RM FS and 1-RM BS provides strong evidence for the interchangeable use of these modalities within a resistance training protocol.
Chagas disease
Authors: Zuleta-Dueñas Liliana Patricia , López-Quiroga Ángela Johana , Torres-Torres Fernando , Castañeda-Porras Oneida
Published: May 2017

Introducción. El Trypanosoma cruzi, agente etiológico de la enfermedad de Chagas, puede transmitirse por vía oral tras la ingesta de alimentos o bebidas contaminadas. En la semana epidemiológica 14/2014, fueron notificados dos casos de enfermedad de Chagas aguda en Paz de Ariporo-Casanare, en trabajadores del sector hidrocarburos, episodio que motivó la investigación epidemiológica en el área.Objetivo. Caracterizar la población afectada, establecer medidas de control y confirmar el brote.Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de investigación de brote: a) búsqueda de personas sintomáticas -cuadro compatible con enfermedad de Chagas - según definición de caso, remisión para atención médica, b) aplicación de encuesta entomológica en 192/197 viviendas, c) inspección sanitaria: análisis microbiológico de muestras de alimentos, y d) estudio de reservorios. Sistematización/análisis en Epi-Info® 7.1.5, mediante estadística descriptiva; índice de infestación domiciliario (IID) intra y peridomiciliar.Resultados. a) 552 expuestos, casos confirmados por laboratorio 40 (7,2%); mujeres 7(17,5%), hombres 33(82,5%), razón de masculinidad 5:1; edad promedio 39,1(±10,8) años; tasa de ataque 7,2%; letalidad 5%(2/40). Signos y síntomas: fiebre 100%, cefalea 80%, mialgias y artralgias 65%, edema facial 55%, dolor abdominal 37,5%. Tiempo promedio de incubación 17(r=3-21) días. b) Vectores: Rhodnius prolixus, IID-intradomiciliario 3,3, IID-peridomiciliario 2,2. c) Cinco restaurantes inspeccionados, condiciones sanitarias deficientes, alimentos microbiológicamente inaceptables. d) Reservorios: un canino con ELISA IgG+ y dos zarigüeyas con serología positiva.Conclusiones: las características epidemiológicas, ambientales y sanitarias confirmaron el brote de enfermedad de Chagas aguda por exposición ocupacional, de posible transmisión oral de mayor proporción ocurrido en Colombia.
Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome induced by carbamazepine: Case report
Authors: Marín Jorge Alonso , Ortega Mayra Alexandra , Sánchez Isaura Pilar , Pacheco José Armando
Published: May 2017

Introducción. El síndrome de sensibilidad a drogas con eosinofília y síntomas sistémicos (DRESS) corresponde a una reacción de hipersensibilidad asociada a diferentes medicamentos, principalmente anticonvulsivantes, el cual cursa con compromiso sistémico y lesiones eritematosas comunes en diferentes toxicodermias, por lo que se puede confundir con otros tipos de alergias medicamentosas que sin un oportuno diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado tiene un alto riesgo de mortalidad.Descripción del caso. Paciente de 22 años de edad con alteración del neurodesarrollo a quien se le inició tratamiento con carbamazepina y consulta 2 meses después por aparición de síntomas generales y lesiones eritematosas en piel que iniciaron en tronco. Recibió manejo ambulatorio con antihistamínicos y antipiréticos sin respuesta adecuada con progresión del cuadro, aumento en las lesiones de la piel y síntomas sistémicos, cumpliendo con los criterios diagnósticos para el síndrome de DRESS. Luego de tratamiento intrahospitalario farmacológico siguiendo los lineamientos recomendados en la literatura, el paciente mostró resolución de las manifestaciones y complicaciones asociadas, por lo que es dado de alta con suspensión gradual de terapia esteroidea.Conclusión. El síndrome de DRESS es una entidad clínica poco frecuente que requiere una alta sospecha por parte del personal clínico para realizar su diagnóstico y respectivo manejo. El caso presentado corresponde a un síndrome de DRESS asociado al uso de carbamazepina con una adecuada respuesta tras el manejo ordenado y resolución tanto de las manifestaciones cutáneas como sistémicas asociadas a esta entidad clínica.