bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foville Syndrome Due to Pontine Hemorrhage and Pontine Infarct: Case Series
Authors: Imran I  , Syahrul S  , Nurul Fajri
Published: May 2021

Foville Syndrome is a rare clinical feature of stroke or brain hemorrhage. Few cases have been reported worldwide particularly in Asian, Indonesia, Aceh. Patient 1: We report the case of a female 64 years old patient, was admitted in the Neurology Department of Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, for an abrupt onset of right body side weakness two day before admission. That weakness was preceded by acute headaches and rotatory vertigo with vomiting. with hypertension history since 5 years. Physical examination found paralysis of right oculomotor movements with intact response of pupils to light, right trochlear nerve palsy,  left ipsilateral facial  nerve palsy, and right hemiparesis which constitute of Foville syndrome. The brain CT scan shown  in the  right pontine hypodensity area is pontine infarct. Etiological investigations done to chronic hypertension. Patient received antiplatelet therapy and control of vascular risk factors for secondary prevention (hypertension theraphy), and physiotherapy as treatment with clinical improvement. And she has been discharge 8 days later. Patient 2: 45-year-old right-handed female, was admitted in the Neurology Department of Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, for an abrupt onset of right body side weakness two day before admission. That weakness was preceded by acute headaches and rotatory vertigo with vomiting. with hypertension history since 5 years. Physical examination found paralysis of right oculomotor movements with intact response of pupils to light, right trochlear nerve palsy,  left ipsilateral facial  nerve palsy, and right hemiparesis which constitute of Foville syndrome. The brain CT scan shown  spontaneous hemorrhage in the left pontine’s. Etiological investigations done to chronic hypertension. Patient received therapy control of vascular risk factors for secondary prevention (hypertension theraphy), and physiotherapy as treatment with clinical improvement. And she has been discharge 10 days later. The diagnosis and management of brainstem stroke bring a considerable burden to the healthcare system, the patient, the family members, and the society at large. The slow increase in the global burden of stroke has been steadily increasing.
Criticism of the Sociocultural Theory
Authors: Ameri Maryam
Published: May 2021

Sociocultural theory is an emerging theory in psychology that looks at the important contributions that society makes to individual development. This theory stresses the interaction between developing people and the culture in which they live. Sociocultural theory also suggests that human learning is largely a social process. Psychology is one of the newest sciences. Over the years, social scientists have developed theories or perspectives based off of their observations, research, and the perspectives of other scientists. Although there is some overlap, each of the major perspectives of psychology is unique. As a result, they each have strengths and weaknesses and explain psychology in a different way. SLA research in the tradition of sociocultural theory examines the dynamic relationship between interaction and acquisition, exploring how language, cognition, and culture are acquired through collaborative interaction. This paper presents an analysis of The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Sociocultural Theory and to present a general overview of Sociocultural Theory (SCT), and its relation to human cognitive development.
FKUB’s Communication Strategy in Mantaining Religious Harmony in Medan
Authors: Wikanda Fauji , Hatta Mohd. , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate communication strategies implemented by Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (Indonesian: Religious Harmony Forum) in maintaining religious harmony in Medan. The research used a qualitative descriptive analysis and a method of data collection which consisted of indepth interviews with research informants, interviews using observation techniques with direct field observation, and document study to explore data. Communication strategies implemented by Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) in maintaining religious harmony in Medan include determining communicators based on the communicants’ religion and ethnicity; grouping the target audience by adjusting the program’s theme to the communicants’ age, gender, education, work and religion; gathering informative, persuasive and educational messages; and utilizing printed, electronic and outdoor media.
The Effect of Project Based Learning Model in the Group Investigation in Learning Strategy on Social Attitude Student Subject in USI Pematangsiantar
Authors: Piliang Fenny Mustika , Asnewastri Asnewastri
Published: May 2021

This study analyzes the determine the effect of project based learning model in the Group Investigation and conventional of learning strategy on social attitude student subject in USI Pematangsiantar. Samples are taken by total sampling, namely all semester VI students. The total sample of 60 people are grouped into the experimental group with the project based learning model in the Group Investigation, the experimental group with the Group Investigation learning model, and the control group with the conventional learning model. The research instrument was in the form of an observation sheet on students' social attitudes. This research method is quasi-experimental with data analysis techniques using ANOVA test at a significant level α = 5% with the help of the SPSS 21.0 program. The result of this study found that: Social attitudes of students who are taught with project-based learning in the order of Group Investigation 83.10 ± 4.52 are significantly higher compared to Group Investigation learning 69.80 ± 4.56 and conventional learning 63.15 ± 8 , 20 with (Fcount = 57.005; P = 0.000). Thus, it can be concluded that the project based learning model in the Group Investigation order influences the social attitudes of USI Pematangsiantar students.
Potential Stunting in Riverside Peoples (Study on Pahandut Urban Village, Palangka Raya City)
Authors: Shinta Herlina Eka , Utami Purnama Julia , Adiwijaya Saputra
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential occurrence of stunting for residents who live on the river side, especially residents who live and inhabit the Kahayan River. And the subject is women who are pregnant, have a toddler. The study was conducted with a qualitative method, a descriptive approach used to explain stunting potential for people who live on riverside. This study uses purposive sampling, data collection techniques used: interviews, observation and documentation. The findings of this study are the environmental health conditions of people who live on riverside are very bad, if it refers to WHO standards, because there are no adequate sanitation facilities related to water management and disposal of solid and liquid waste, plus the habits of people who still throw garbage directly into the river. Environmental health in the community should be improved through collaboration of various institutions, in process to change the behavior patterns of disposing of garbage in the river.  Second Findings the potential for stunting in the riverside communities is quite large, because the majority of peoples doesn’t count nutritional content in food, so awareness and empowerment should be done. So that in the future there will be an increase in the quality of health of children, mothers and adolescents.
Pancasila and Civic Education Learning by Non Pancasila and Civic Education Program Graduate
Authors: Ainsyiyah Elmas Dw , M. Ginting Andres
Published: May 2021

This study aims to (1) find out planning and understanding of learning by Non Pancasila and Civic Education Program Graduate (2) to find out the learning done by Non Pancasila and Civic Education Program Graduate (3) In order to know the obstacles faced by Pancasila and Civic Education teachers by Non Pancasila and Civic Education Program Graduate. The research used in this case uses qualitative research methods through interview techniques with sources in which there are vice principals in the field of curriculum, the teacher concerned from the school under study. The results obtained in this study are, there are teachers who teach Pancasila and Civic Education are graduate Teacher of Pancasila and Civic Education Study Program, Sociologists, and there are Bachelor of Laws. The teacher also experiences many difficulties in delivering the material in class. Students are shaken up by boredom because the teacher's teaching style is monotonous with lectures and memorization, moreover Pancasila and Civic Education has memorized the constitution material which makes students lazy to follow the learning process. From the results of this research, schools must also have a role in equipping Non Pancasila and Civic Education Program Graduate with adequate learning resources so that teachers have thorough preparation before entering class. Teachers must also be able to overcome obstacles that occur in the classroom so that an interactive learning process occurs with students so that Pancasila and Civic Education subjects do not become a scourge for them.
Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment (RNDA) : An Important Tool for Assessment of Psychomotor Development in Children with Perinatal Events
Authors: Das Dhananjoy , Sultana Kawsar , Ali Golam Mohammed Tayeb , Barua Tanuka , Arzu Mahmood A Chowdhury
Published: May 2021

Background: Infants with various perinatal events are at risks for long term neurodevelopmental impairments. Neurodevelopmental assessment at early life has been considered as a valuable tool for prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population. This present study aimed to identify the neurodevelopmental impairments in high risk children by Rapid Neurodevelopment Assessment (RNDA)

Materials and methods : This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Autism and Child Development Centre of Chattogram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital during the period of 0ctober to December 2018. Babies aged 0 -2 years with different perinatal events like prematurity, birth asphyxia, neonatal jaundice, and without any adverse event; that attended RNDA clinic underwent Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment (RNDA) to find at risk children for long term neurodevelopmental impairments.

Results: Among the 50 study subjects,Perinatal asphyxia was found in 41(82%). 26(52%) had history of IUGR, 22(44%) had Preterm delivery and 25(50%) had history of Neonatal convulsion. History of neonatal jaundice was found in 14(28%) cases. 5(10%) children did not have any perinatal event. The Mean ± SD age of study subjects was 7.38±7.31month. Severe impairment in gross motor and fine motor function were found in 25(50%) and 24(48%) respondents respectively. Vision was severely impaired in 10(20%) cases. Severe cognition and behavior impairment were found in 8(16%) and 3(6%) cases accordingly. Severe hearing and speech impairment were found in 2(4%) & 10(20%) cases respectively. Severe seizure was found in 19(39%) cases. Study subjects with the history of delayed cry or Perinatal asphyxia had significantly decreased fine motor skills. Children born with IUGR had significant gross motor and fine motor skill impairment. Significant speech & cognitive impairment were observed in children with neonatal jaundice. Seizure was found significant in study subjects with a history of neonatal convulsion.

Conclusion: Rapid Neurodevelopment Assessment (RNDA) plays an important role for early identification of neurodevelopmental impairments of high-risk infants and thus screening for these can promote early therapeutic intervention and subsequent follow up, leading to better outcome.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 16-21
Study of Age-Related Finger Span and Hand Grip Strength of Adult Female Garment Workers in Bangladesh
Authors: Razzaque Laila , Md Ashrafuzzaman - , Hakim Monjurul
Published: May 2021

Background: Age related hand anthropometry is important for the effective designing of dimensionally compatible hand tools, gloves, machine access spaces and hand-held devices. The present study was designed to measure and compare finger spans and the hand grip strength of both hands of adult female garment workers of different age groups in Bangladesh and to establish correlation between finger spans and the hand grip strength of same hand.

Materials and methods: The study was a descriptive, observational and cross sectional in nature with some analytic component; carried out in the Department of anatomy, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram, from January 2015 to December 2015. A purposive non random convenient sampling was done to select 300 female garment workers, age ranging from 21-35 years. Hand grip strength and 5 finger spans were measured. ANOVA test was performed to correlate of finger spans and hand grip strength of different age groups.

Results: Difference of hand grip strength with age showed significant in both hands. Difference of finger spans with age showed non-significant. There was positive correlation between finger spans and hand grip strength of the same hand.

Conclusion: Study of age related anthropometric measurements of hand can play an important role to design same workplace, same hand tools, and same access spaces for the hand of the age group (21-35) years of adult female garment workers in Bangladesh and increase the usage of human resources.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 62-66
Clinicopathological Study on TB Lymphadenopathy Case
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Mahabubul Alam , Datta Pran Gopal , Amin Abu Sahfi Ahmed , Mahmud Khondakar Abdullah Al , Sultana Kawsar
Published: May 2021

Background: Tuberculosis in the form of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB is common in developing countries like Bangladesh. Among extrapulmonary TB, lymphnode TB is still common in our setting. So, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate theclinicopathological findings among the lymphnode TB cases in our context.

Materials and methods: This observational study was done from January 2017 to December 2019 among 300 lymphnode TB cases in a tertiary care hospital during a three-year study period. Patients were selected after obtaining informed written consent and clinical evaluation. Then enlarged lymphnodes were evaluated by FNAC or histopathology. If lymphnode TB features were found then the patients were included in our study.Other findings like metastasis, lymphoma or pyogenic lymphadenitis were excluded from this study. After collection, data was recorded and analyzed by Microsoft Excel.

Results: Among 300 cases of TB lymphadenitis subjects were commonly within the age groups 11-20 years (Male 63 and female 51) and 21-30 years(male 45 and female 42) with amale: female ratioof 1.22:1. Regarding different clinical signs and symptoms,low grade fever was found in 21(7%) cases, local lymphnode pain and tenderness was found in 67 (22%) and 63(21%) of subjects. Discharging sinuses was present in 33(11%) patients, 35(12%) had history of weight loss, 39 (13%) had anorexia and 42(14%) had history of night sweats. Regarding locationof different lymph node areas, 125(41.67%) patients had deep cervical nodes, 65(21.67%) had supraclavicular lymph nodes, 60(20%) had lymph nodes in the posterior triangle 33 (11%) in jugulo-omohyoid and 17 (5.66%) in submandibular area. Among all cases, 83% cases showed bilateral and 17% showed unilateral involvement.Regarding nature of lymph nodes, firm, matted multiple lymphnodes were found in 130(43%) cases, single discrete nodes were found in 70(23.33%) cases, others were found as suppurative noded with single and multiple sinuses. Cytopathological and histopathological findings revealed caseating granuloma with epithelioid cell with Langerhans type giant cell was found in 220(73%) cases, caseating granuloma with epithelioid cell was found in 47(16%) epithelioid cell was found in 20(7%) cases and epitheliod cells with smear positive AFB was found in 13(4%) cases.

Conclusion: TB lymphadenitis is still a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and it has variable clinical and pathological presentations.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 77-80
CME (Continuing Medical Education) Vol.20(1)
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Jalal
Published: May 2021

Abstract not available

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 84
Ortaokul öğrencilerinin özetleme başarıları ile özetlemeye yönelik tutumları ve özyeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Gökhan , BAHÇIVAN Kübra
Published: May 2021

Özetleme, bireyin kaynak metindeki konuyu, ana düşünceyi ve yardımcı düşünceleri belirleyerek önemli bilgileri seçme, önemsiz bilgileri silme ve kaynak metni tutarlık içerisinde yeniden kısa bir biçimde yapılandırmasıdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin özetleme başarısı ile özetlemeye yönelik tutumları ve özetleme özyeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada genel tarama modellerinden olan ilişkisel tarama modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma toplam 108 ortaokul öğrencisi ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların özetleme becerileri “Öykü Özeti Değerlendirme Dereceli Puanlama Anahtarı” aracılığıyla öğrencilerin özet metinleri puanlanarak belirlenmiştir. Diğer yandan öğrencilerin özetleme tutumları “Özetlemeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”, özetleme özyeterlik algıları ise “Özetleme Özyeterlik Ölçeği” ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistik programına aktarılmış ve çözümlemeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre öğrencilerin özetleme başarıları orta ve özyeterlik algıları yeterli düzeydedir. Öğrencilerin özetlemenin önemine inandıkları, özetleme yapmaktan hoşlandıkları ve özetlemeye yönelik yüksek düzeyde olumlu tutumları olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin özetleme başarılarının, özetlemeye yönelik tutumlarının ve özetleme özyeterlik algılarının cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyine göre anlamlı fark göstermediği saptanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları; ortaokul öğrencilerinin özetlemeye yönelik olumlu tutumlarının ve yüksek özyeterlik algılarının özetleme başarısı açısından önemli bir değişken olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bunun yanında sınıf düzeyi arttıkça tutumlarının ve özyeterlik algılarının düşmesi dikkat çeken bir sonuçtur. Öğretim ortamlarındaki en büyük yanılgı öğrencilerin özetleme becerilerinin var olduğu düşüncesinden yönelimle okudukları bir romanın ya da ders kitabındaki bir metnin özetlenmesi yönündeki ödevlerin onlara sıklıkla verilmesidir. Öğrencilerin üstesinden gelemeyecekleri özetleme görevleri vermek hem özetlemeye yönelik olumsuz tutuma yol açabilir hem de özetleme özyeterlik algılarını düşürebilir. Bu nedenle öğrencilerin üstesinden gelemeyecekleri özetleme görevlerinden kaçınılması gerekir. Bunun yerine dil gelişimlerine koşut, sıralı ve sarmal bir izlence doğrultusunda aşamalı bir beceri gelişimi benimsenmelidir.
Hate Speech in Myanmar
Authors: Swe Ei Thandar
Published: May 2021

Freedom of expression can be abused in concerning with race, religion or nation, politics and gender and it transfers into a hate speech. This research intends to investigate the gap between the legal ideals and actual practice, especially to understand effectiveness or impact of a draft for the Protection against and Prevention of Hate Speech Law in Myanmar. This paper analyzes the Domestic Laws such as the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, 2008 and the Penal Code, 1861 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discriminations against Women (CEDAW) and the Genocide Convention relating to international Conventions and international other documents. This research uses a qualitative approach research method, applying analysis of laws. The draft law is required to balance the right to freedom of expression and the prohibition of hate speech. International human rights laws and standards recognize all protected characteristics of human rights that should be comprised all protecting range of any actions to define “hate speech” in the draft law and should not be restricted to ethnicity, religion, nation, politic and gender. The Government should provide the upcoming Law Protection against and Prevention of Hate Speech in Myanmar urgently.
Learning to Die: Analysis of The Cultural Role of Voluntary Death
Authors: Martini Niccolò
Published: May 2021

Voluntary death is a morally and legally grey area in many countries around the world. In my research I studied the topic of euthanasia and assisted suicide in Italy. Specifically, I analyzed the relationship between collective law and individual morality using as case study the phenomenon of voluntary death, which has been making people talk about itself in recent years precisely because of its as yet undefined nature. Using a qualitative approach i.e., semi-structured interview, I listened the voices of a representative sample of Italian doctors in order to collect the opinion of the medical class i.e., the social group that would be most affected by the possible legalization of euthanasia. It has emerged, among other things, that Italy lacks a real education to death. The research has opened a reflection on the range of voluntary death within a Nation where it is illegal. Numerous studies have determined the enormous symbolic baggage present within the concept of death, but in the study of the legalization of voluntary death a new factor has emerged: a legalization is not desired until the population receives a real education on the idea of having to die. Like sex, death is still a taboo in many societies around the world. Is it therefore necessary to fulfill a death education before even start to talk about creating a general law. This research has exalted not only a cultural deficiency but also the desire to remedy it through education, in order to exorcise the fear of an event that sooner or later everyone has to face.
Human Rights Waiver in Criminal Proceedings in Terms of the European Court of Human Rights: ‘Russian Cases’
Authors: Chebotareva Irina , Pashutina Olesia , Revina Irina
Published: May 2021

The article investigates the general position of the European Court of Human Rights on the admissibility and validity of the waiver of rights, the features of the European mechanism for protecting human rights in case of the waiver of the right; studies the case-law practices in criminal cases of the Court in relation to Russia where the Court considered the presence/absence of the waiver of the right. The practice of the ECHR reveals the widespread occurrence of human rights violations in the Russian criminal proceedings with the alleged waiver of the right in the framework of criminal procedure. These includes the situations when the Government claimed that the Applicant had waived his/her right and the Applicant did not agree with this fact and insisted that he had been deprived of the opportunity to exercise his/her right. According to the ECHR, violations of human rights established in the Convention are related not only to shortcomings in the legal system but also to improper law enforcement that does not comply with the Convention requirements. Based on the analysis of the ECHR’s general approaches to the waiver of the right, the authors revealed the compliance of the Russian criminal procedure with the requirements of the Court to the waiver of the right and the guarantees established for it. To achieve the objectives in the HUDOC database of the European Court, using search requests we identified cases against Russia considered by the Chamber and the Grand Chamber, in which the ECHR examined the issue of the presence/absence of the waiver of the right in the criminal procedure. As a result, 40 judgments in which the Court directly considered the issue of the presence/absence of the waiver of the right in the criminal procedure in Russia were selected. We studied and analysed the selected judgments.
Primjena i razvoj metodike za nastavu maternjeg jezika i književnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini u doba Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca / Kraljevine Jugoslavije
Authors: Nazibegović Sead , Muratović Admir , Malikić Meliha
Published: May 2021

Autori se u ovome radu bave pitanjima u vezi s nastavom i metodikom u nastavi predmeta Maternji jezik u vrijeme nastanka i trajanja Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca, odnosno Kraljevine Jugoslavije. Analizira se stanje u školstvu, prvenstveno u nastavi maternjeg jezika i književnosti, nakon odlaska austrougarske vlasti i uspostavljanja Kraljevine koja je nastala krajem 1918. godine. Nova vlast odmah je donijela “Zakon o zvaničnom jeziku i pismu” kojim se jezik u Bosni i Hercegovini imenuje srpskim ili hrvatskim, a latinica i ćirilica ravnopravne su u upotrebi. Nastava maternjeg jezika (gramatike i pravopisa) bila je unitaristički koncipirana. U Bosni i Hercegovini nije bilo autonomne niti autohtone jezičke niti prosvjetne politike, pa prema tome, nije bilo niti bilo kakvih metodičkih istraživanja u nastavi maternjeg jezika i književnosti, osim specifičnog slučaja Saliha Ljubunčića, bosanskog metodičara koji je djelovao u Zagrebu. Nastavni programi maternjeg jezika i književnosti u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji i za osnovnu i za srednju školu pravljeni su metodički i sistematično, sa različitim programskim sadržajima i odrednicama, ali uglavnom bez uključivanja bosanskohercegovačkih pisaca i poštovanja ovdašnjih jezičkih specifičnosti.
Il passaporto numerico: un percorso “italmatico” alla scuola dell’infanzia
Authors: Franscella Sofia , Ponzio Lara
Published: May 2021

Questo articolo ha lo scopo di descrivere un itinerario interdisciplinare focalizzato principalmente sull’italiano e sulla matematica. Il progetto “italmatico”, che è stato realizzato in due sezioni di scuola dell’infanzia di Monte Carasso e Bellinzona nord (Canton Ticino), si basa sulla realizzazione di un passaporto numerico. In questo documento d’identità vengono riassunte le principali informazioni numeriche che caratterizzano i bambini da diversi punti di vista (numeri personali: età, altezza, peso ecc.). Nel vivere queste esperienze, attraverso attività laboratoriali vissute con i compagni, non ci si sofferma solo sui numeri che si incontrano, ma anche su aspetti linguistici e sull’identità competente dei bambini. Per gli allievi della scuola dell’infanzia ed elementare risulta molto significativo individuare i propri numeri “personali” per conoscere meglio se stessi e gli altri. Lavorando in un’ottica interdisciplinare i bambini hanno l’opportunità di confrontarsi con attività contestualizzate nell’ambito del reale, sviluppando le proprie competenze in modo ricco e positivo.
COMPLIANCE GAINING DALAM PERSUASI KOMUNIKASI DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK PEMERINTAH KOTA BUKITTINGGI TERKAIT PEMBANGUNAN PASAR ATAS
Authors: Rahmadanty Melani , Arif Ernita , Zetra Aidinil
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi menerapkan strategi compliance gaining dalam mempersuasi masyarakatnya, ketika menetapkan kebijakan publik yang telah diputuskan terkait pembangunan pasar atas. Lima langkah aktivitas yang diterapkan, yaitu rewarding, punishing, expertise, personal commitments dan impersonal commitments telah mampu menciptakan kepatuhan para pedagang yang menjadi korban kebakaran pasar atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pembangunan kembali pasar atas yang sebelumnya sempat diwarnai demonstrasi besar-besaran bisa diselesaikan dengan baik. Hal ini terjadi karena, Pemerintah Kota Bukittinggi memiliki persuasi komunikasi yang baik dalam hal menyampaikan kebijakan publik yang diambilnya, baik itu terkait pembangunan kembali pasar atas maupun relokasi sementara pasar penampungan. Kekecewaan masyarakat pada awalnya dapat diatasi, karena mereka mempunyai pemerintahan yang sangat mau menampung aspirasi rakyatnya dan memiliki sistem kinerja yang sangat baik. Karena, pada dasarnya kebijakan publik yang dibuat oleh pemerintah bertujuan mengatur kehidupan bersama untuk mencapai visi dan misi yang telah disepakati, demi kebaikan dan kemajuan Kota Bukittinggi.
Kajian Penerapan Corporate University dalam Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Aparatur Sipil Negara
Authors: Sidabutar Victor Tulus Pangapoi
Published: May 2021

Kemudahan berbisnis Indonesia tahun 2019 meningkat tetapi peringkat itu hanya mewakili Jakarta dan Surabaya dan secara keseluruhan nilai daya saing Indonesia masih dibawah harapan untuk menarik investor luar negeri. Hal ini karena organisasi publik di Indonesia dinilai tidak efisien, birokratis, kurang transparan, dan memiliki tingkat korupsi yang tinggi. Dalam hal kompetensi, terdapat perbedaan kemampuan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) ditiap daerahnya sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan kemampuan ASN agar dapat menghadapi perubahan dan perkembangan dunia yang semakin pesat dan cepat.  Disinilah peran penting unit-unit pelatihan dalam pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) ASN dalam menghasilkan birokrat “kelas dunia”. Unit-unit pelatihan yang ada saat ini dituntut untuk melakukan pelatihan yang terkait dengan pengembangan karier dan perencanaan personalia. Untuk itu, unit-unit pelatihan tersebut harus bertransformasi menjadi Corporate University (CU) yang merupakan alat manajemen yang dirancang untuk membantu organisasi mencapai tujuan strategis mereka dengan melakukan kegiatan yang mendorong individu dan pembelajaran dan pengetahuan organisasi. Dalam pembentukannya perlu diperhatikan lima tahapan dalam pengembangan dan implementasi CU yaitu diagnosis awal, pengembangan program pendidikan, pengembangan program pendidikan, pengembangan dan implementasi Learning Management System dan akhirnya penguatan pengetahuan akan CU dan rilis pembentukan CU. Kendala dalam penerapan CU dapat terjadi karena kondisi mentalitas dan degradasi moral ASN yang telah terjadi dan diwariskan oleh generasi sebelumnya. Oleh karenanya, dituntut dukungan pimpinan yang berfikiran terbuka dan terbebas dari mentalitas yang terkotak-kotak.
CAPAIAN STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL (SPM) BIDANG KESEHATAN KASUS HIPERTENSI DAN DIABETES MELLITUS DI KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2020
Authors: Aliyah Yulia Astri nurul
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini menjelaskan pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pencapaian Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Kesehatan kasus hipertensi dan Diabetes Mellitus (DM) di Kota Bandung. Pemenuhan SPM merupakan kewajiban pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal dan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 100 Tahun 2018 Tentang Penerapan Standar Pelayanan Minimal. Menggunakan data hasil laporan 80 UPT Puskesmas di Kota Bandung yang dilandasi rumus untuk mencari persentase capaian SPM kasus hipertensi dan DM sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 Tentang Standar Teknis Pemenuhan Mutu Pelayanan Dasar Pada Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Kesehatan, dapat dilihat bahwa realisasi persentase capaian SPM untuk kasus hipertensi di Kota Bandung tahun 2020 ialah 18,99% dan  realisasi persentase capaian SPM untuk kasus DM di Kota Bandung ialah 115,35%. Dalam pembahasan dijelaskan mengapa dan apa yang melatarbelakangi realisasi capaian SPM hipertensi dan DM di Kota Bandung. Sedangkan kendala yang muncul dalam pemenuhan capaian SPM hipertensi dan DM di Kota Bandung diantaranya ialah kendala sarana dan prasarana seperti belum ada Posbindu PTM Kit akibat terbatasnya anggaran. Kemudian belum semua UPT Puskesmas telah memiliki tenaga terlatih untuk melakukan kegiatan PANDU PTM, masih rendahnya kesadaran melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan serta pelaporan dan pencatatan masih belum sesuai dengan apa yang dirancang dalam format resmi, dan belum semua UPT Puskesmas melaksanakan program PANDU PTM.
Engineering Microbes to Bio-Upcycle Polyethylene Terephthalate
Authors: Dissanayake Lakshika , Jayakody Lahiru N.
Published: May 2021

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is globally the largest produced aromatic polyester with an annual production exceeding 50 million metric tons. PET can be mechanically and chemically recycled; however, the extra costs in chemical recycling are not justified when converting PET back to the original polymer, which leads to less than 30% of PET produced annually to be recycled. Hence, waste PET massively contributes to plastic pollution and damaging the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The global energy and environmental concerns with PET highlight a clear need for technologies in PET “upcycling,” the creation of higher-value products from reclaimed PET. Several microbes that degrade PET and corresponding PET hydrolase enzymes have been successfully identified. The characterization and engineering of these enzymes to selectively depolymerize PET into original monomers such as terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol have been successful. Synthetic microbiology and metabolic engineering approaches enable the development of efficient microbial cell factories to convert PET-derived monomers into value-added products. In this mini-review, we present the recent progress of engineering microbes to produce higher-value chemical building blocks from waste PET using a wholly biological and a hybrid chemocatalytic–biological strategy. We also highlight the potent metabolic pathways to bio-upcycle PET into high-value biotransformed molecules. The new synthetic microbes will help establish the circular materials economy, alleviate the adverse energy and environmental impacts of PET, and provide market incentives for PET reclamation.
Experimental and Computational Comparison of Intervertebral Disc Bulge for Specimen-Specific Model Evaluation Based on Imaging
Authors: Mengoni Marlène , Zapata-Cornelio Fernando Y. , Wijayathunga Vithanage N. , Wilcox Ruth K.
Published: May 2021

Finite element modelling of the spinal unit is a promising preclinical tool to assess the biomechanical outcome of emerging interventions. Currently, most models are calibrated and validated against range of motion and rarely directly against soft-tissue deformation. The aim of this contribution was to develop an in vitro methodology to measure disc bulge and assess the ability of different specimen-specific modelling approaches to predict disc bulge. Bovine bone-disc-bone sections (N = 6) were prepared with 40 glass markers on the intervertebral disc surface. These were initially magnetic resonance (MR)-imaged and then sequentially imaged using peripheral-qCT under axial compression of 1 mm increments. Specimen-specific finite-element models were developed from the CT data, using three different methods to represent the nucleus pulposus geometry with and without complementary use of the MR images. Both calibrated specimen-specific and averaged compressive material properties for the disc tissues were investigated. A successful methodology was developed to quantify the disc bulge in vitro, enabling observation of surface displacement on qCT. From the finite element model results, no clear advantage was found in using geometrical information from the MR images in terms of the models’ ability to predict stiffness or disc bulge for bovine intervertebral disc.
Evolving a New Efficient Mode of Fructose Utilization for Improved Bioproduction in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Krahn Irene , Bonder Daniel , Torregrosa-Barragán Lucía , Stoppel Dominik , Krause Jens P. , Rosenfeldt Natalie , Meiswinkel Tobias M. , Seibold Gerd M. , Wendisch Volker F. , Lindner Steffen N.
Published: May 2021

Fructose utilization in Corynebacterium glutamicum starts with its uptake and concomitant phosphorylation via the phosphotransferase system (PTS) to yield intracellular fructose 1-phosphate, which enters glycolysis upon ATP-dependent phosphorylation to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by 1-phosphofructokinase. This is known to result in a significantly reduced oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxPPP) flux on fructose (∼10%) compared to glucose (∼60%). Consequently, the biosynthesis of NADPH demanding products, e.g., L-lysine, by C. glutamicum is largely decreased when fructose is the only carbon source. Previous works reported that fructose is partially utilized via the glucose-specific PTS presumably generating fructose 6-phosphate. This closer proximity to the entry point of the oxPPP might increase oxPPP flux and, consequently, NADPH availability. Here, we generated deletion strains lacking either the fructose-specific PTS or 1-phosphofructokinase activity. We used these strains in short-term evolution experiments on fructose minimal medium and isolated mutant strains, which regained the ability of fast growth on fructose as a sole carbon source. In these fructose mutants, the deletion of the glucose-specific PTS as well as the 6-phosphofructokinase gene, abolished growth, unequivocally showing fructose phosphorylation via glucose-specific PTS to fructose 6-phosphate. Gene sequencing revealed three independent amino acid substitutions in PtsG (M260V, M260T, and P318S). These three PtsG variants mediated faster fructose uptake and utilization compared to native PtsG. In-depth analysis of the effects of fructose utilization via these PtsG variants revealed significantly increased ODs, reduced side-product accumulation, and increased L-lysine production by 50%.
Performance Assessment of Ultra-High Durability Concrete Produced From Recycled Ultra-High Durability Concrete
Authors: Borg Ruben Paul , Cuenca Estefania , Garofalo Roberto , Schillani Fabrizio , Nasner Milena Lozano , Ferrara Liberato
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the work reported in this paper is to assess the performance of recycled ultra-high durability concrete (R-UHDC), produced using different fractions of recycled aggregate obtained from crushed ultra-high durability concrete (UHDC), as a substitute for the natural aggregate. Four different recycled ultra-high durability concrete (R-UHDC) mixes were designed and manufactured with a reference mix based on the natural aggregate and three mixes with the natural aggregate replaced using recycled UHDC according to two percentage replacement values (50 and 100%). The effect of environmental degradation of the recycled parent concrete was also addressed, using recycled aggregates subjected to accelerated carbonation (replacement percentage equal to 50%). The work has been conducted in the framework of the activities of the Horizon 2020 ReSHEALience Project in ultra-high durability concrete. One key objective of the project was to formulate the concept and experimentally validate the performance of ultra-high durability concrete for structures and infrastructures exposed to extremely aggressive scenarios. The ReSHEALience consortium has defined UHDC as a “strain-hardening (fiber-reinforced) cementitious material with functionalizing micro- and nano-scale constituents especially added to deliver high durability in the cracked state under extremely aggressive exposure conditions.” In this context, the research was conducted to investigate the potential of recycling the UHDC mixes, developed and validated in previous research and employing them as a partial or even total replacement of the natural fine aggregate in the production of new UHDC. This supports the cradle-to-cradle approach in life cycle engineering applications. The research confirmed the effective regeneration of new UHDC based on the recycled aggregate obtained from crushed UHDC, attaining the required rheological characteristics, mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, and toughness), and durability performance (chloride penetration resistance, chloride migration, water capillary suction, and resistivity). This work is intended as the first step toward the sustainability assessment of the end of life of UHDC materials and structures and the potential of recycled UHDC for new structures and retrofit structural applications.
RETRACTED: Hepatoma Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Liver Cancer Metastasis by Inducing the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stem Cells Through microRNA-181d-5p and the FAK/Src Pathway
Authors: Wei Huamei , Wang Jianchu , Xu Zuoming , Li Wenchuan , Wu Xianjian , Zhuo Chenyi , Lu Yuan , Long Xidai , Tang Qianli , Pu Jian
Published: May 2021

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are beneficial to repair the damaged liver. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are notorious in tumor metastasis. But the mechanism underlying hepatoma cell-derived EVs in BMSCs and liver cancer remains unclear. We hypothesize that hepatoma cell-derived EVs compromise the effects of BMSCs on the metastasis of liver cancer. The differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) were screened. HepG2 cells were transfected with miR-181d-5p mimic or inhibitor, and the EVs were isolated and incubated with BMSCs to evaluate the differentiation of BMSCs into fibroblasts. Hepatoma cells were cultured with BMSCs conditioned medium (CM) treated with HepG2-EVs to assess the malignant behaviors of hepatoma cells. The downstream genes and pathways of miR-181d-5p were analyzed and their involvement in the effect of EVs on BMSC differentiation was verified through functional rescue experiments. The nude mice were transplanted with BMSCs-CM or BMSCs-CM treated with HepG2-EVs, and then tumor growth and metastasis in vivo were assessed. HepG2-EVs promoted fibroblastic differentiation of BMSCs, and elevated levels of α-SMA, vimentin, and collagen in BMSCs. BMSCs-CM treated with HepG2-EVs stimulated the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) of hepatoma cells. miR-181d-5p was the most upregulated in HepG2-EVs-treated BMSCs. miR-181d-5p targeted SOCS3 to activate the FAK/Src pathway and SOCS3 overexpression inactivated the FAK/Src pathway. Reduction of miR-181d-5p in HepG2-EVs or SOCS3 overexpression reduced the differentiation of BMSCs into fibroblasts, and compromised the promoting effect of HepG2-EVs-treated BMSCs-CM on hepatoma cells. In vivo, HepG2-EVs-treated BMSCs facilitated liver cancer growth and metastasis. In conclusion, HepG2-EVs promote the differentiation of BMSCs, and promote liver cancer metastasis through the delivery of miR-181d-5p and the SOCS3/FAK/Src pathway.
Metabolite Profiling of Pig Seminal Plasma Identifies Potential Biomarkers for Sperm Resilience to Liquid Preservation
Authors: Mateo-Otero Yentel , Fernández-López Pol , Ribas-Maynou Jordi , Roca Jordi , Miró Jordi , Yeste Marc , Barranco Isabel
Published: May 2021

Metabolomic approaches allow the study of downstream gene expression events since metabolites are considered as the products of cell signaling pathways. For this reason, many studies in humans have already been conducted to determine the influence of the metabolites present in seminal plasma (SP) on sperm physiology, and to identify putative biomarkers. However, in livestock species, these relationships are yet to be uncovered. Thus, the present study aimed to explore: (i) if concentrations of metabolites in pig SP are related to sperm quality and functionality, and (ii) if they could predict the sperm resilience to liquid storage at 17°C. To this end, 28 ejaculates were individually collected and split into three aliquots: one was used for SP analysis through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy; another served for the evaluation of sperm concentration and morphology; and the last one was utilized to determine sperm functionality parameters using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and flow cytometry after 0 h and 72 h of liquid-storage at 17°C. NMR analysis allowed the identification and quantification of 23 metabolites present in pig SP which, except for fumarate, were not observed to follow a breed-dependent behavior. Moreover, specific relationships between metabolites and sperm variables were identified: (i) glutamate, methanol, trimethylamine N-oxide, carnitine, and isoleucine were seen to be related to some sperm quality and functionality parameters evaluated immediately after semen collection; (ii) leucine, hypotaurine, carnitine and isoleucine were found to be associated to the sperm ability to withstand liquid storage; and (iii) Bayesian multiple regression models allowed the identification of metabolite patterns for specific sperm parameters at both 0 h and 72 h. The identification of these relationships opens up the possibility of further investigating these metabolites as potential sperm functional biomarkers.
Iron Overload-Induced Ferroptosis Impairs Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Embryonic Developmental Competence in vitro
Authors: Hu Weiyi , Zhang Yan , Wang Dali , Yang Tingting , Qi Jiajia , Zhang Yonghong , Jiang Hao , Zhang Jiabao , Sun Boxing , Liang Shuang
Published: May 2021

Accumulating evidence indicates that ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. This type of iron-dependent programmed cell death is different from traditional forms of regulated cell death, such as apoptosis and autophagy. However, the role of ferroptosis in porcine oocyte maturation and the associated mechanism remain unclear. In the present research, we investigated the effects of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), a specific ferroptosis inducer, on porcine oocyte meiotic maturation and quality and subsequent embryonic developmental competence. FAC treatment caused obvious accumulation of intracellular ferrous ions in porcine oocytes. At the end of the in vitro maturation (IVM) period, there was a significant decrease in the polar body (PB) extrusion rate and an increase in the percentage of abnormal oocytes in the FAC treatment groups, indicating that iron overload-induced ferroptosis may suppress the meiotic process during porcine oocyte maturation. We also found that after FAC treatment, the subsequent two-cell rate, four-cell rate and blastocyst formation rate were significantly decreased in porcine parthenogenetic activation (PA) embryos, indicating that iron overload-induced ferroptosis decreased porcine oocyte quality. Further analysis revealed that FAC treatment not only enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreased intracellular free thiol levels and induced mitochondrial dysfunction but also triggered autophagy in porcine oocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest that iron overload-induced ferroptosis impairs porcine oocyte meiosis and decreases porcine oocyte quality, possibly by increasing oxidative stress, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and triggering autophagy.