bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopy as a novel tool to examine and assess treatment response of acne scars: A pilot study in an Indian population
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Khunger Niti , Poddar Shreya
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

Acne scars are common and have limited methods of evaluation. They occur due to decreased collagen (atrophic, rolling, icepick, boxcar, and linear) or increased collagen (hypertrophic and keloidal). There are very few studies concerning the evaluation and treatment methodology of acne scars by dermoscopy. The primary aim of the study was to observe the dermoscopic features of different types of acne scars. The secondary aim was to evaluate the role of dermoscopy in the assessment of response to treatment.

Material and Methods:

Thirty consenting patients with post-acne scars were enrolled for the study in a tertiary care dermatology center. Detailed history and clinical examination data were recorded followed by dermoscopic evaluation at presentation. Consequently, the standard treatment modality was chosen depending on the type of acne scars, and the procedure was done at monthly intervals. Dermoscopy was repeated at a frequency of 6 months. Concurrently, histopathological evaluation for collagen and elastin was performed in a case of deep atrophic scar.

Result:

Initial dermoscopy showed a poorly defined pseudo reticular network on the face and diffuse pigmentation interrupted by adnexal openings. Ice pick scars appeared as comedo-like openings along with an accentuated perifollicular pigmented network and vascular structures. Rolling scars showed valley-like areas with sloping edges and a marginal rim of pigmentation. Boxcar scars had characteristic cup-shaped depressions with a hyperpigmented rim and dilution of central pigmentation. On sequential dermoscopy following treatment, a decrease in perifollicular pigmentation, and a granular pigment network was seen. There was considerable curtailment of size and depth of acne scars. Further, an increase in the hair follicle density was observed following treatment. Scars of shorter duration showed better response compared to scars of longer duration. In histopathology, increased collagen deposition and early elastogenesis were observed.

Conclusion:

Treatment is more effective in cases of acne scars of shorter duration. Dermoscopy may be a valuable tool in the assessment of acne scars and their response to treatment.
Clinical study on visual outcomes with four different intraocular lens following cataract surgery
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Choudhury Haimanti , Thangan Mrunal , Mansoor Shaik Mohammed Arif
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the visual acuity and refractive outcomes of four commonly used posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) brands implanted during routine cataract surgery. All the lenses were monofocal, hydrophobic acrylic but belonged to a variable price range.

Material and Methods:

This was a retrospective study of cataract surgery patients who underwent phacoemulsification with four different types of IOL. The IOLs studied were Tecnis Eyhance ICB00 (Group A), AcrySof IQ SN60WF (Group B), Hoya iSert 150 (Group C), and S lens (Group D); 35 eyes in each group. The parameters studied were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and manifest refraction on post-operative days (POD) 1, 7, and 30.

Results:

On average, 97.14% of patients attained BCVA of 6/12 or better at the final follow-up; 83.57% of patients attained UCVA of 6/6–6/12 at the final follow-up. The highest percentage of patients achieving good UCVA (6/6– 6/12) was seen with AcrySof IQ (94.28%), followed by S-Lens (88.57%), Hoya iSert 150 (82.85%), and Eyhance (68.57%). In POD 1, log MAR UCVA in the four groups did not show any difference (P = 0.42). In POD 7, Group B (AcrySof IQ) had statistically significantly better UCVA as compared to the other three groups (P = 0.04). In POD 30, the UCVA in Groups B, C, and D were comparable, which was better than Group A (Eyhance) (P = 0.01). The spherical equivalent required to achieve BCVA was lowest in Group B (0.15 ± 0.24) and highest in Group A (0.30 ± 0.28) (P = 0.13).

Conclusion:

All four IOLs produced comparable post-operative visual acuity and refractive outcomes. Surgeons can confidently select more affordable monofocal IOLs without compromising the quality of care, considering both the percentage of patients achieving the optimal vision and the consistency of the outcomes across different lens types.
Green synthesis of Nickel-doped zinc oxide using Pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf extract and Evaluation of their antimicrobial activity
Authors: Srivastava Pankaj , Sharma Osheen , Pawar Vatsala
Published: December 2024

This study explores green synthesis as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method employing selective plant extracts as catalysts for nanoparticle formation. Ananas comosus, a tropical plant rich in essential nutrients and known for its non-toxic, antioxidant and potentially anticancer properties, was utilized for the synthesis of zinc oxide and nickel-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Characterization techniques including UV-Vis spectrometry, X-Ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze the optical, structural and morphological properties of the nanoparticles.

Results showed a reduction in the optical band gap of Ni-ZnO compared to pure ZnO, possibly due to absorption of photons by nickel dopant ions in the ZnO lattice. XRD analysis revealed a hexagonal Wurtzite structure with predominant diffraction peaks in the (1 0 1) plane and SEM-EDX confirmed the purity and irregular nanosized shapes (ranging from 21 to 60 nm) of the nanoparticles. Antimicrobial testing using the agar well diffusion method demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity, suggesting potential applications of these nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical industries. Overall, this study underscores the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing Ananas comosus leaf extracts in green synthesis for nanoparticle production with valuable properties for various industrial and medical applications.
Antifeedant effect of emulsifiable concentrate formulation of Ageratum conyzoides (L.) (Asteraceae) extracts against Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Authors: Vats Tarun Kumar , Prajapati Rajmani , Rawal Vagisha , . Ankur , . Nida , Thakur Lalitesh Kumar , Mullick Sanjiv
Published: December 2024

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is a highly destructive cosmopolitan pest of cruciferous crops, causing severe economic losses worldwide. The research work aimed to evaluate the antifeedant activity of methanolic extracts of Ageratum conyzoides leaves and its emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations against diamondback moth larvae in both no-choice and two-choice bioassays under standard laboratory conditions. In both no-choice and two-choice bioassays, a concentration-dependent reduction in feeding was observed when cauliflower leaf discs were treated with methanolic extract and its EC formulation was offered to the fourth-instar DBM larvae. The antifeedant index (AFI) values were positively correlated with different concentrations of crude extracts (R² = 0.992) and EC formulations (R² = 0.941).

Moreover, the EC formulation of foliar extracts showed a substantial deterrent effect on the feeding behaviour of diamondback larvae compared to crude extracts. Our results provide environment-friendly substitutes to synthetic chemical-based insecticides for the management of diamondback moth.
Analysis of Mangrove vegetation health index by implementing NDVI classification method based on Landsat image data: Case study from Zuari Estuary Goa, India
Authors: Sawaikar Ranjita , Tari Shreeveni , Deshpande Tanvi , Prabhugaonkar Venkatesh
Published: December 2024

Mangrove ecosystems are among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems in the world providing many ecosystem services for human wellbeing, hence they have an outstanding relevance ecologically and economically. Mangrove habitats are temporarily inundated and often located in inaccessible regions. In Goa, fringing mangroves are distributed in Zuari and Mandovi estuaries based on topography and environmental conditions. These estuarine regions are used as inland waterways for transportation of iron ore, tourism, infrastructure development like bridges, jetties, highways, resorts and hotels, residential apartments, restaurants, small roads etc. Zuari estuary is located at lat. 15°25'N and long. 73°59'E on the central west coast of India. The images were downloaded from United States Geological Survey website (USGS). The radiometric and geometric corrections were made to reduce the undesirable noise component and changes in the amount of incoming radiance from sensors.

Anderson level 1 classification was used for the classification purpose. The mangroves were digitized using hybrid classification method. For mangrove demarcation Google Earth Pro and visual interpretation techniques were used. Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis was adapted to perceive the health status of mangroves covers in the study area. The NDVI results were divided into three categories: (0.00-0.15 Stressed), (0.15-0.30 Moderately healthy), (0.30-0.47 Very healthy). Rhizophora and 01sp. each of Aegiceras, Bruguiera, Kandelia, Acanthus and Excoecaria along with mangrove associates like Acrosticum, Clerodendron, Salvadora, Ipomoea and Derris. Sonneretia alba and Avicennia marina were found to be dominating followed by Rhizophora mucronata. Stressed patches of mangroves can be attributed to the human interference from the surrounding regions, changes in water salinity, increase in pollution levels due to mining activities (transportation of iron ore from barges), infrastructure development etc. Moderately healthy and very healthy patches of mangroves may be associated with suitable ecological and natural conditions favouring healthy growth and also lack of anthropogenic interference and awareness about the importance of mangroves.
Green synthesis: silver nanoparticles from microbial extract for biogas generation
Authors: Pathare Aishwayra , Desai Hindavi , Sarode Sneha , Nibandhe Shalmali , Jamkhedkar Suruchi
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of this study is the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the active extract obtained from microorganisms. The microorganism, a new strain of Bacillus hunanensis, was chosen from landfill leachate of Durgadi Fort dumping ground near Kalyan and soil near the decomposer machine of University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari campus. The new strain of Bacillus hunanensis (Accession Number: MK951982) culture was centrifuged and was sonicated for 10 min. The culture was once again centrifuged after being sonicated. The supernatant was decanted and distilled water was used to wash the precipitate.

The process of producing silver nanoparticles involved reacting a standard silver salt solution with an aqueous bio-reducing solution obtained from the microorganism. The reaction progress was monitored by analytical techniques. The nanoparticles obtained were characterized by the FTIR, TEM and SEM-EDS. Further the nanoparticles produced were used in the digester for biogas emission.
A Review on Metabolic Biomarkers for Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Padmanabhan Arul Mozhi , Doss V.A.
Published: December 2024

Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by an increase in cardiac thickness distinguished from normal cardiac anatomy with typical elevated cardiac function. Over the last decade, metabolomics has made tremendous progress in the scientific interpretation of molecular disease processes. Certain clinical aspects and therapeutic efficacy rely upon biomarkers that can also distinguish individuals with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

The fluctuations in the metabolic flux of the biochemical pathway are specifically quantified by targeted metabolomic methods. Non-targeted metabolomics invariably tends to have more data than targeted metabolomics and it is much more quantitative for the most part. The myriad metabolites as well as the pertinence of being a metabolic biomarker for diagnosis and clinical targets of cardiac hypertrophy are addressed in this current review.
The Role of Urban Green Spaces in Mitigating Urban Heat Island Effect Amidst Climate Change
Authors: Purohit Sanju
Published: December 2024

As climate change accelerates, urban heat islands (UHIs) are becoming an increasing threat to public health and well-being in cities globally. UHIs occur when urban built environments absorb and retain more heat than surrounding rural areas due to the prevalence of heat-retaining materials like concrete and asphalt and waste heat from vehicles, buildings and industry. This results in significantly higher temperatures in cities compared to nearby rural regions. Urban green spaces such as parks, gardens, urban forests, green roofs and community farms can help mitigate the UHI effect through shading, evapotranspiration and converting impervious surfaces to permeable vegetation.

This study reviews the literature on the ability of various urban green spaces to reduce ambient temperatures, to improve thermal comfort and to provide refuge to urban residents during extreme heat events, which are projected to increase with climate change. An analysis of research case studies quantifies the potential temperature reduction capacity of urban vegetation and identifies key principles and guidelines for designing climate-adaptive urban green spaces to regulate urban microclimates amidst global climate change effectively.
Non-Invasive Assessment of Microplastic Contamination in the Avian Biodiversity of Gharana Wetland, Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Rani Reetika , Singh Suraya Partap , Singh Rahul
Published: December 2024

Microplastic pollution has become a global environmental concern with potential impacts on ecosystems and wildlife. This study aimed to investigate the presence of microplastics in the avian fauna of the Gharana Wetland, employing a non-invasive monitoring approach through the analysis of bird droppings (scat). Gharana (meaning welcome home) wetland is a protected site under J&K Wildlife Protection Act, 1978. Gharana Wetland Conservation Reserve (GWCR) is recognized as “Important Bird Area” by Birdlife International, UK and Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS). It is an essential habitat for numerous avian species which are native as well as migratory one. Scat samples were collected of various avian species inhabiting the Gharana Wetland, representing diverse trophic levels within the ecosystem. Microplastic extraction and analysis were conducted using established protocols involving digestion, filtration and microscopic examination.

Preliminary results revealed the presence of microplastics scat of multiple avian species which was further confirmed by using FTIR technique for chemical analysis of particles. The types microplastics varied among the avian samples, suggesting diverse sources and routes of ingestion. Commonly identified microplastics included fragments, fibers and microbeads. The prevalence of microplastics in avian scat raises concerns about the potential ecological impacts on both individual birds and the broader wetland ecosystem. This work highlights the use of scat analysis as a non-invasive tool for monitoring microplastic pollution in bird populations, which is critical for conservation efforts. It emphasizes the importance of reducing microplastic contamination in freshwater environments and encourages more investigation into the long-term consequences on bird health and potential food chain transmission. Proactive efforts are required to mitigate environmental consequences.
Comparative salt stress tolerance in three root vegetable crops during germination and early seedling growth
Authors: Acila Smail , Salhi Nadjet , Kessab Sara , Ater Hadjra , Houamdi Fella
Published: December 2024

Soil salinity is a key constraint for vegetable production worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the differential tolerance to salinity induced by sodium chloride (NaCl) - in three major root vegetable crops - sugar beet, radish and turnip - during the critical germination stage. Seeds were germinated under increasing NaCl concentrations (0-200 mM) in a controlled setting. Salinity negatively impacted all germination parameters, with interspecific variability evident. Radish exhibited the greatest tolerance while sugar beet was highly sensitive. Salt stress also suppressed seedling growth, reserve mobilization and metabolic efficiency. The study provides valuable insights on salinity impacts in vegetable crops at initial growth, though field investigations on diverse varieties are warranted. The results offer a practical framework for identifying and selecting vegetable varieties with enhanced tolerance to saline conditions.
El derecho humano a vivir en un ambiente sano. Reciente reconocimiento por parte de las Naciones Unidas.
Authors: Rossini Gonzalo F. Iglesias
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio aborda el derecho a vivir en un ambiente sano desde la óptica de los derechos humanos. El mundo cada vez se ha vuelto más consciente sobre la importancia de poder vivir en un ambiente sano, debido a las graves consecuencias que provoca la degradación ambiental. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, los factores de riesgo ambiental, como la contaminación del aire, el agua y el suelo, la exposición a sustancias químicas, el cambio climático y la radiación ultravioleta, contribuyen a más de 100 enfermedades y lesiones. Lo que conlleva a afirmar que un ambiente sano se traduce en personas más sanas. Reflejo de ello, en los últimos cuarenta años, más de 100 países han adoptado el derecho a vivir en un ambiente sano en sus Constituciones. Se abordará cuál es la situación de Uruguay, así como los nuevos avances que existen sobre el tema, tales como la aprobación del el Acuerdo Regional sobre el Acceso a la Información, la Participación Pública y el Acceso a la Justicia en Asuntos Ambientales en América Latina y el Caribe, denominado como "Acuerdo de Escazú". Reflejando la experiencia del autor, quien ha sido parte de las negociaciones regionales que llevaron a la aprobación del Acuerdo de Escazú. Por último, se abordará la histórica resolución por parte del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas, quien reconoció por primera vez el acceso a un medio ambiente saludable y sostenible como un derecho universal.
EL TIRANICIDIO EN EL DERECHO POSITIVO URUGUAYO
Authors: Cremanti Casás Vicente
Published: December 2024

Concepto de tiranicidio, ejemplos históricos, normas chinas, opiniones antiguas sobre su justificación, normas jurídicas y religiosas, el tiranicidio de Marco Bruto,  opiniones  de escritores cristianos, juicio de Dante, normas y opiniones medievales, Concilio de Constanza, normas y opiniones durante los tiempos modernos, justificación de Juan de Mariana, juicios durante la época de las revoluciones, el tiranicidio del presidente Idiarte Borda, opiniones en el siglo XIX y posteriores, opinión de Fidel Castro, intentos de legitimación del terrorismo, tiranicidios de Mussolini y de Ceausescu, normas recientes en Alemania, Portugal y Perú, opiniones de Maritain, Pablo VI y D’Ors, el derecho positivo uruguayo, la letra del himno nacional, normas jurídicas posteriores a la aprobación del himno, conclusión sobre la licitud del tiranicidio.
El dictador republicano de los primeros siglos de Roma.
Authors: Garcé García y Santos Alvaro
Published: December 2024

El término dictadura se utiliza en dos sentidos. Desde un punto de vista histórico la palabra designa una magistratura romana extraordinaria, efímeramente confiada en tiempos de crisis a un eminente ciudadano para salvar la República. Pero el empleo más común del término refiere a cualquier régimen autoritario que, fuera del Estado de Derecho y apoyado en un grupo o partido, detenta el poder arbitrariamente. Bajo esta confusión del lenguaje, el significado vulgar de dictadura ha desplazado al concepto técnico-histórico. Ante nuestra mirada -con sobrado mérito en los tiempos modernos y contemporáneos- todo dictador es, por definición, usurpador y tirano. Por el contrario, los antiguos dictadores republicanos romanos, de cuyos nombres apenas ha tomado nota la historia, no sólo no tuvieron estas características como gobernantes, sino que fueron exactamente lo opuesto.
Introducción a la obligación democrática en el Medio Oriente en general y en algunos de sus países en particular
Authors: Fillol Alejandro Pastori
Published: December 2024

La obligación democrática se encuentra en muchos instrumentos fundacionales de organismos regionales. En el siguiente trabajo se explora –a través de una definición genérica y occidental de democracia- si en el Medio Oriente como bloque regional existe alguna aproximación a comprometerse con esa forma de gobierno. Teniendo en cuenta la heterogeneidad del Medio Oriente, se recorrerán los diferentes sistemas de gobierno que se formaron en el poscolonialismo, los instrumentos de derecho internacional a los cuales se comprometió la región como por ejemplo la Carta Árabe de los Derechos Humanos y la Declaración de Túnez, la influencia de la sharía o ley islámica a la hora de dar cumplimiento a los derechos humanos (tan conexos en occidente a la noción de democracia) y, finalmente, se verán los casos de los sistemas políticos de Israel, Líbano y Siria como tres ejemplos diferentes de formas que toma la democracia en la región. Del análisis de estos aspectos se podrá examinar qué nivel de compromiso existe en ciertos lugares del Medio Oriente con la obligación democrática, bajo alguna de sus formas.
La obligatoriedad de una exhortación: una mirada desde El Concepto de Derecho de H. L. A. Hart
Authors: González Victoria Sasso
Published: December 2024

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos reflexionar acerca de la obligatoriedad de ciertas reglas de nuestro sistema jurídico, en las que se utilizan expresiones tales como exhórtase o se exhorta, para solicitar o sugerir a cierto grupo de personas hacer alguna cosa.Con dicho objetivo, realizaremos un recorrido por los conceptos expuestos por H. L. A. Hart (1961/1998) para, de alguna manera, comenzar a esclarecer algunos aspectos de la cuestión.Intentaremos identificar qué tipo de regla son las exhortaciones, y a su vez indagaremos si, en casos como el que nos ocupa, la formulación de la regla tiene relevancia en la obligatoriedad de la conducta o, visto desde otra perspectiva, analizaremos si, partiendo de la cuestión de que la regla no tiene el carácter de imperatividad, ni coercitividad, podemos concluir que la conducta descripta no es obligatoria.Asimismo, apreciaremos si algunos de los conceptos desarrollados por Hart nos aclaran la cuestión, arribando a la conclusión que en las exhortaciones que analizaremos, no resulta relevante la falta de imperatividad de la regla para la obligatoriedad de la conducta, resultando por el contrario trascendente la práctica desarrollada por los funcionarios y particulares, y el concepto del aspecto interno de las reglas.
Justicia, feminismo y descolonialidad: un debate urgente
Authors: Laborde Sofía Villalba
Published: December 2024

El presente ensayo sobre justicia, feminismo y descolonialidad busca mostrar la urgencia de la unión de estos tres conceptos a la hora de abordar un análisis crítico del derecho y los sistemas normativos, partiendo de la insuficiencia del análisis de género del derecho. En primer lugar, se muestra a modo de genealogía el origen del reconocimiento de las mujeres en los Derechos Humanos y el surgimiento del enfoque de género del fenómeno legal. Pese a que el análisis con estas características nos sea insuficiente en la actualidad es importante conocer la trayectoria de las feministas latinoamericanas hacia ese lugar. También son ilustradas algunas cuestiones pertinentes al derecho como lo que identifico como la trampa de la neutralidad, aspiración similar a la objetividad en la producción de conocimiento científico.A la hora de proponer la insuficiencia del análisis de género aflora el concepto de interseccionalidad desde una mirada crítica entretejiendo con las nociones de racismo y descolonialidad situando la mirada en “Nuestra América” (Ungo 2000, Gargallo 2010, Mendoza 2014). La apuesta, política y también de este ensayo, es la visibilidad de las limitaciones del análisis de género del derecho y la necesidad de redireccionar los paradigmas ya existentes de cara a una justicia feminista descolonial.
APORTES DEL NOTARIADO URUGUAYO AL ESTADO DE DERECHO DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
Authors: Zimmermann Florencia
Published: December 2024

El perfil y el rol del Escribano, al igual que en otras profesiones, ha ido transformándose históricamente. Inicialmente la profesión estuvo claramente orientada hacia lo masculino. En nuestro Derecho con la ley nro. 8.000 (año 1926) habilitó a la mujer el ejercicio profesional del notariado, pues hasta entonces una serie de obstáculos jurídicos lo impedían. Casi un siglo después, considerando los profesionales activos y los jubilados, la cantidad de mujeres que ejercen el notariado triplica a la cantidad de hombres, y la tendencia marca un probable incremento de ese predominio femenino. En los últimos años se introdujeron en nuestro Derecho algunas acciones afirmativas con el propósito de avanzar hacia una efectiva igualdad de derechos en este campo profesional. En este contexto histórico de evolución hacia una mayor justicia social, el notariado, enriquecido con el aporte femenino, hoy constituye un factor esencial en la vigencia de nuestro Estado social y democrático de Derecho.
LAS IDEAS DE VAZ FERREIRA EN EL MARCO DEL DEBATE SOBRE LA CUESTIÓN SOCIAL EN EL RÍO DE LA PLATA
Authors: POLNITSKY CECILIA ARIAS
Published: December 2024

El artículo aborda el origen de la cuestión social y su irrupción en el Río de la Plata, presenta las respuestas ante la problemática y analiza la respuesta de Carlos Vaz Ferreira al respecto.
DE LA IGUALDAD A LA COMPENSACIÓN. UNA MIRADA DE GÉNERO HACIA LOS FEMINISMOS DE STUART MILL Y CARLOS VAZ FERREIRA
Authors: VÁZQUEZ LAURA OSTA
Published: December 2024

Este artículo busca mostrar, por un lado, la influencia de Stuart Mill y Carlos Vaz Ferreira tuvieron en la clase política y universitaria de finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Por otra parte, busca también identificar los puntos de encuentros y desencuentros entre Vaz Ferreira y Stuart Mill desde una perspectiva de género. Desde un análisis descriptivo y textual se busca comparar y contextualizar las distintas posturas con respecto al lugar que las mujeres y los varones deberían ocupar en la sociedad, así como problematizar e identificar dichas corrientes. A partir de la lectura de las obras Sobre el Feminismo y La esclavitud de las mujeres se busca comparar los feminismos de John Stuart Mill y Carlos Vaz Ferreira desde una perspectiva de género. Las preguntas que guían de este trabajo parten de interrogantes que surgen a partir de ciertos temas claves tratados por ambos autores en las obras señaladas ¿Qué diferencias tenían ambos feminismos representados por ambos y qué tipo de soluciones dieron al problema de la igualdad? ¿Qué pensaban sobre la capacidad y educación de las mujeres y sobre el lugar que deberían tener dentro del matrimonio y en la sociedad en general? Estas son algunas de las interrogantes que intentaremos responder desde una perspectiva de género.
MUJERES LÍDERES: CAMINANDO HACIA UN FUTURO MÁS IGUALITARIO. ANÁLISIS JURISPRUDENCIAL CON PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
Authors: PENA MARIEL LORENZO , NOCE VERÓNICA SAIZAR , CORREA JEAN-PAUL TEALDI
Published: December 2024

Desde 2022 la Suprema Corte de Justicia está integrada por tres mujeres en cinco integrantes. Este hecho que constituye un hito en la historia del órgano que constitucionalmente tiene la función de actuar como juez constitucional, nos lleva a analizar si la jurisprudencia emanada en sede de inconstitucionalidad ha sido dictada con perspectiva de género.
LA AUTONOMÍA MORAL Y EL IMPERIO DE LA LEY: UNA CONEXIÓN CONSTITUTIVA
Authors: AGUIRRE RICARDO MARQUISIO
Published: December 2024

En su influyente versión contemporánea del ideal del imperio de la ley, Francisco Laporta presenta, a través de un complejo argumento moral, una conexión constitutiva de este con la autonomía personal. El objetivo de este artículo es argumentar, a manera de robustecer la justificación del imperio de la ley, la existencia de otra conexión constitutiva, esta vez con la noción de autonomía moral, expresada a través de lo que denomino punto de vista práctico jurídico. Mientras la autonomía personal es un valor que requiere, para su cumplimiento mínimamente satisfactorio, la vigencia del imperio de la ley, la autonomía moral constituye el punto de vista evaluativo necesario del orden jurídico que obliga a ciertas personas a ser partícipes en la realización de ese ideal.
CARLOS VAZ FERREIRA: SENTIR, PENSAR Y RESOLVER LOS PROBLEMAS SOCIALES
Authors: ACOSTA YAMANDÚ
Published: December 2024

Considerando el libro de Vaz Ferreira de 1922 Sobre los problemas sociales, se reflexiona en torno a las dimensiones del sentir, el pensar y el resolver que constituyen condiciones de sentido de su planteamiento.Se valora “el problema social” como problema filosófico auténtico entre nosotros, hoy como hace cien años, así como la validez y vigencia de la propuesta de Vaz.Su distinción entre problemas explicativos y problemas normativos, la consideración de los problemas sociales en cuanto normativos y el método planteado para su tratamiento, serán reflexionados.El sujeto emergente que Vaz constituye –de una moralidad que interpela a la eticidad-, su identidad como yo y nosotros, sin el cual los problemas sociales no podrían sentirse, pensarse y “resolverse” normativamente, será considerado.La “fórmula de ideal social” de Vaz es valorada como utopía sustantivo-procedimental democrático-republicana que en contexto capitalista cumple una función crítico-reguladora en el “orden actual” de la sociedad para su transformación institucional, dentro de las condiciones estructurales vigentes.Ética de la responsabilidad por las instituciones y por los afectados por las instituciones expresan una tensión deliberativa en ese marco.La tensión Igualdad - Libertad se “resuelve” en implícita apelación a la Fraternidad.
Los sentidos descriptivo y normativo de la autoridad del derecho.
Authors: Delgado Manteiga Serrana
Published: December 2024

El perfil y el rol del Escribano, al igual que en otras profesiones, ha ido transformándose históricamente. Inicialmente la profesión estuvo claramente orientada hacia lo masculino. En nuestro Derecho con la ley nro. 8.000 (año 1926) habilitó a la mujer el ejercicio profesional del notariado, pues hasta entonces una serie de obstáculos jurídicos lo impedían. Casi un siglo después, considerando los profesionales activos y los jubilados, la cantidad de mujeres que ejercen el notariado triplica a la cantidad de hombres, y la tendencia marca un probable incremento de ese predominio femenino. En los últimos años se introdujeron en nuestro Derecho algunas acciones afirmativas con el propósito de avanzar hacia una efectiva igualdad de derechos en este campo profesional. En este contexto histórico de evolución hacia una mayor justicia social, el notariado, enriquecido con el aporte femenino, hoy constituye un factor esencial en la vigencia de nuestro Estado social y democrático de Derecho.
Juicio político a los alcaldes: análisis cuantitativo de la sentencia sobre su constitucionalidad.
Authors: Lorenzo Pena Mariel
Published: December 2024

El instituto del juicio político en nuestro sistema no es muy utilizado. En tiempos recientes, se ha intentado llevarlo adelante acusando a alcaldes y otras figuras municipales. El presente artículo recoge un análisis cuantitativo realizado en ocasión del Conversatorio “Juicio Político a Consejales Municipales. Análisis de la Sentencia de la Suprema Corte de Justicia Nº 210/2023 de 16 de marzo de 2023”, jornada académica organizada por el Seminario de actualización en Jurisprudencia Constitucional.
INTRODUCCIÓN A LA EVOLUCIÓN SOCIO – JURÍDICA DE LA INFANCIA
Authors: Borghini Marcelo
Published: December 2024

El ensayo es una presentación introductoria, cuyo objetivo es procurar exponer y hacer un esfuerzo de análisis, en la comprensión da la infancia y adolescencia como construcción histórica, social y jurídica. Proceso de construcción en el cual se ubica la categoría infancia en la cultura del mundo occidental y contextualizado en América Latina, desde la época pre- industrial hasta la actualidad; se eligió este período de tiempo ya que coincidimos que dicha categoría surge con todas sus características en el siglo XVII. Para ello se aborda el tema realizando una construcción socio – histórica de la categoría infancia para luego realizar una evolución del sistema de bienestar infantil en América Latina, en que se diferencian tres períodos o etapas en el proceso, que conllevan un modelo de pensar la infancia y que denominé: 1) Modelo Clásico: la Caridad de inspiración religiosa. El niño como excepción al sistema jurídico de adultos. 2) Modelo Tutelar – defensista que a su vez se divide en dos: a) Período de las “Leyes de Menores”.El niño como “problema” y b) La alternativa no gubernamental (1970 en adelante). 3) Modelo de la Responsabilidad: continuidad del sistema de control / protección de la infancia y transición hacia un sistema de Protección Integral de la Infancia.
Efectiva tutela jurisdiccional: un pilar del Estado de Derecho. Reflexiones a partir de última investigación realizada.
Authors: Saizar Verónica
Published: December 2024

El artículo presenta los resultados de una reciente investigación llevada a cabo sobre los procesos de inconstitucionalidad relacionados al principio de la efectiva tutela jurisdiccional, haciendo un corte temporal para el análisis en los últimos 5 (cinco) años, es decir, de 2018 a 2023. 
El marco teórico se basa en el estudio del Estado de Derecho, tomando como antecedente, una investigación llevada adelante por la autora, sobre el grado de cumplimiento del Estado uruguayo respecto de sentencias de condena recaídas en su contra, investigación que tomó como parámetro de análisis, el período comprendido entre 2010 y 2020. 
A partir de la relevancia manifiesta del principio de efectiva tutela jurisdiccional y su implicancia práctica en los fallos analizados en la primera investigación llevada adelante, se entendió conveniente realizar un nuevo estudio, en esta oportunidad, acotado a los procesos de inconstitucionalidad, a fin de contrastar el impacto del referido principio en los fallos, lo que se proyecta en el Estado de Derecho como tal.
Determine the Factors Affecting the Quality of Internal Shariah Audits: A Review Paper on Islamic Banking in Libya
Authors: Alghamati Adel K. , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Khatibi Ali
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The present research will offer a theoretical framework discussing the concept of internal Shariah audit quality and identifying the factors that affect it. The study aims to examine these elements and their relationship with the internal Shariah audit quality in Islamic banking in Libya.
Design/Methodology/ This study will employ qualitative research methods, gathering data through interviews with employees of Libyan Islamic banks using semi-structured questions, grounded theory, and thematic analysis. This study aims to generate in-depth insights into audit quality and develop a theoretical framework to enhance the quality of internal Shariah audits.
Findings: The findings provide a deep understanding of audit quality and contribute to an empirical framework for the quality of internal Shariah audits. The author expects that several factors may influence the quality of an internal Shariah audit, including the auditor's competency, independence, and level of compliance with Shariah standards for Islamic banks and internal audits. Including the Shariah audit report and certain policies relating to Libyan Islamic banks. Despite the crucial significance of internal Shariah audit quality in maintaining a Shariah-compliant environment inside Islamic institutions. Nevertheless, the existing literature is insufficient, and inadequate research has been accomplished in this field.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study will produce novel insights and assist researchers in enhancing their understanding of the elements that affect the quality of Shariah audits in Libyan Islamic banks. Furthermore, the results of this study will significantly enhance the management of Islamic banks and regulators by revealing the elements that affect the quality of internal Shariah audit.
Professionalism of Project Management Team and Implementation of National Government Constituency Development Funded Projects in Kenya
Authors: Otieno Amayo Meshack , Odero Jackline Akoth , Oseno Ben
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study examined influence of Professionalism of Project Management Team on the Implementation of National Government-Constituency Development Funded Projects in Kenya.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study targeted 1680 project management committee members out of which a sample size of 323 was drawn using Yamane’s formula. Primary data was obtained by use of structured questionnaires and later analyzed by use of descriptive statistics which entailed mean as well as standard deviation and for inferential statistics the study used Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression.
Findings: The findings established that professionalism of project management team positively and significantly influenced implementation.
Implications/Originality/Value: This study lays emphasis on the importance of professionalism of project management team members while implementing projects. The conclusion may be of significance for the nation's development, particularly in terms providing the necessary workforce for the efficient governance and achievement of NG-CDF project objectives. The study findings may provide valuable literature for future research on professionalism of project management team and implementation.
Study of Reversible Nozzle Apparatuses Using Euler Methodology and CFD Technologies
Authors: Sazonov Yuri A. , Mokhov Mikhail A. , Bondarenko Anton V. , Voronova Victoria V. , Tumanyan Khoren A. , Konyushkov Egor I.
Published: December 2024

This research aims to study multiflow nozzle apparatuses designed to control the thrust vector within a full geometric sphere when the deflection angle of the thrust vector can vary in the range from +180 °to -180 °in any direction. The distribution of the working gas energy was considered as exemplified by a reversible nozzle apparatus with two outlet channels. It was shown that when using wedge-shaped diaphragms, the critical section area can be regulated while maintaining a constant pressure and flow rate of the working gas entering the inlet of the multiflow nozzle. In this case, the mass flow rate of the gas and jet thrust in each outlet channel change in direct proportion to the linear displacement of the diaphragm. Known conical diaphragms do not provide these results. To create promising control systems and train designers, it is proposed to use the Euler methodology and CFD technologies more widely based on the philosophy of technology. In the course of the numerical experiments, the options for the thrust cutoff (tailoff) were considered. A scientific basis has been prepared for solving problems with six degrees of freedom in three-dimensional space, considering Euler angles, when controlling the thrust vector within a full geometric sphere. Issues in flight trajectory planning (for example, for an unmanned aerial vehicle) are discussed with regard to new possibilities for extreme maneuvering. Two main areas for the development of scientific research are considered: energy-saving power generation and transportation systems (land, sea, and air). Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-013 Full Text: PDF
Effects of Varied Soil Leveling Methods on Physical Properties: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sabahy Amr , EL-Sheshny Abdel-Rahman A. , Elsamra Essam A. , Eid Mohamed M. M. , Essam Mohamed
Published: December 2024

The total cultivated land area in this context is 8,664,000 square meters, which constitutes about 4% of Egypt's territory. The cultivation relies on old land dams, lines, and furrow surface irrigation systems. A significant portion (76%) of the cultivated land is irrigated with high-density leveled soil instead of unlevelled soil. Leveled soil has very low clay and organic matter content. Land leveling is a preparation or modification process that provides a suitable surface for seeding production. It involves reducing high areas and raising low or deep spots to create a more even surface. Laser-controlled land leveling is a technique that helps create a more even surface by reducing high areas and raising low spots. This process aims to eliminate surface irregularities and create a level plane, which can significantly impact crop germination, uniformity, and, ultimately, the yield of field crops. Laser technology allows for precision in land leveling, ensuring a more consistent seed depth, better water distribution, and improved crop-growing conditions. By creating a more uniform surface, the potential for more consistent crop growth, better water retention, and improved distribution of nutrients is increased. The study's main objective appears to be to determine the most appropriate types of land leveling that can be implemented and to analyze how land leveling treatments affect the physical properties of the soil during different seasons. The data shows that the leaser treatment decreased soil porosity in both seasons, dropping values from 57.36% to 54.34% in the first season and from 55.47% to 51.32% in the second season. In contrast, the "rotary treatment" had the opposite effect, increasing soil porosity in both seasons. The values rose from 57.34% to 59.62% in the first season and from 57.74% to 59.25% in the second. Observing how these treatments had different impacts on the soil over time is intriguing. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-014 Full Text: PDF
Analyzing the Future Climate Change Impacts on Meteorological Parameters Using the LARS-WG Model
Authors: Dheyaa Mohammed A. , Al-Mukhtar Mustafa M. , Shemal Khalid
Published: December 2024

This research aims to evaluate the impacts of climate changes and reveal the future trends on meteorological parameters, i.e., precipitation and temperature effects, in three major cities in Iraq, namely Baghdad, Wasit, and Maysan, which are located along the Tigris River basin. The LARS-WG8.0 model was employed, and five GCMs were used within CMIP6 under three different scenarios, i.e., SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585, for the period 2021-2100. The observed and simulated data were tested by the statistical criteria R, R2, NSE, and RMSE through the baseline period 2003-2022. In addition, using the K-S test for validation of the LARS-WG8.0 model resulted in accuracy and reliability. The future projections indicate that the average temperatures will increase until the end of the current century, with a difference of 1.86, 2.85, and 5.36°C. The fluctuations in precipitation occur throughout the winter, spring, and autumn months. The highest precipitation was recorded in December and January. Therefore, all GCMs give a unified indicator of future climate forecasts. Rising temperatures and fluctuations in precipitation negatively impacted water and food security. As a result, this will impact the water resources and agricultural sectors. This research contributes to exploring the future climate behavior of the study area. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-019 Full Text: PDF
Enhancement of Expansive Soil Properties by Water Treatment Sludge Ash in Landfill Liners
Authors: Al-Soudany Kawther Y. H. , Fattah Mohammed Y. , Rahil Falah H.
Published: December 2024

This study aims to enhance the suitability of expansive clayey soils for use as landfill liners by incorporating water treatment sludge ash (WTSA). Expansive soils, prone to swelling and desiccation cracking, compromise landfill liner integrity, increasing the risk of groundwater contamination. Local soils often do not meet the requirements for hydraulic conductivity and stability, prompting the use of additives like bentonite. However, bentonite-treated soils still face challenges in tropical regions due to moisture loss and cracking. This research investigates the effects of adding WTSA to bentonite-treated soils to mitigate swelling and shrinkage issues. Several geotechnical tests were conducted, including hydraulic conductivity, free swell percentage, swelling pressure, volumetric shrinkage, and desiccation cracking. Results show that WTSA significantly reduces hydraulic conductivity, free swell percentage, and swelling pressure, meeting the standard requirements for liners (hydraulic conductivity of at least 1×10-9m/s and volumetric shrinkage of at least 4%). Moreover, WTSA addition reduces desiccation cracking to acceptable levels, demonstrating its potential as an effective reinforcement material. This study introduces an innovative approach to using WTSA, a waste product, as a sustainable alternative to conventional liner materials, reducing environmental impact and enhancing landfill liner performance. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-04 Full Text: PDF
Utilization of Hybrid SIFCON to Improve Performance and Properties of Slab System Openings
Authors: Abuzaid Esraa Kh. , Osman S. A. , Mutalib Azrul A. , Al-Zaidee Salah R.
Published: December 2024

This research aims to enhance Slurry Infiltrated Fibrous Concrete (SIFCON) by incorporating both long and short fibers, with the goal of increasing ductility and mechanical properties behavior. The study also evaluates the effectiveness of SIFCON in strengthening two-way reinforced concrete slabs with large openings. Various SIFCON mixes were created, integrating hooked-end fibers, micro steel fibers, and different volume ratios (Vf) of hybrid steel fibers (one-third, one-half, and two-thirds). A reference mix with 2% hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (SFC) was formulated for comparison. Hybrid SIFCON samples demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to those reinforced with hooked fibers, showing higher compressive strength, cylinder compressive strength, flexural strength, and direct tensile strength by 14%, 13.9%, 38.2%, and 58.2%, respectively, at 28 days, but a lower splitting tensile strength by 24%. Compared to micro steel fiber-reinforced samples, hybrid SIFCON exhibited higher compressive strength, cylinder compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength by 18.2%, 51%, 167.5%, and 43.6%, respectively, but a lower direct tensile strength by 7.4%. The study involved nine two-way square slabs with various mixtures of normal concrete, mortar-infiltrated fiber concrete, and full SIFCON. Control samples were constructed using normal-strength concrete. The application of SIFCON increased punching shear strength by 3.21% to 154.25% compared to the control samples. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-07 Full Text: PDF