bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA BELAJAR BERDASAR REGULASI DIRI DENGAN SIKAP TERHADAP EKSTRAKURIKULER PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMA MARDISISWA SEMARANG
Authors: Randwitya Ayu Ganis Hemasti
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine the relationship between learning based on self-regulation with attitudes toward extracurricular activities, and to determine the effective contribution of learning based on self-regulation. The population in accordance with the characteristics in this study amounted to 113 students in Mardisiswa Semarang High School. Data collection uses a scale of learning based on self-regulation consisting of 31 items (α = 0.939), and a scale of attitude towards extracurricular consisting of 30 items (α = 0.970). The results of hypothesis testing show that learning based on self-regulation is positively related to attitudes towards extracurricular activities indicated by rxy = 0.529 with a significance level of correlation of 0,000 (p <0.05). The test results obtained coefficient of determination of 0, 280. It means that learning based on student self-regulation gives an effect of 28% on attitudes toward extracurricular. While 72% of attitudes towards extracurricular are influenced by other factors outside the variables of this study. These factors include personal experience, the influence of others who are considered important, the influence of culture, mass media, religious institutions, and the influence of emotional factors.

 

Keywords: self-regulation, Extracurricular.

 

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara belajar berdasar regulasi diri dengan sikap terhadap ekstrakurikuler, dan untuk mengetahui sumbangan efektif belajar berdasar regulasi diri. Populasi yang sesuai dengan karakteristik dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 113 siswa di SMA Mardisiswa Semarang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala belajar berdasar regulasi diri yang terdiri dari 31 item (α = 0,939), dan skala sikap terhadap ekstrakurikuler yang terdiri dari 30 item (α = 0,970).Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa belajar berdasar regulasi diri berhubungan secara positif dengan sikap terhadap ekstrakurikuler yang ditunjukkan dengan rxy= 0,529 dengan tingkat signifikansi korelasi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05). Hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai koefisiensi determinasi sebesar 0, 280. Artinya adalah belajar berdasar regulasi diri siswa memberikan pengaruh sebesar 28% terhadap sikap terhadap ekstrakurikuler. Sedangkan 72% sikap terhadap ekstrakurikuler dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain di luar variabel penelitian ini. Faktor- faktor tersebut antara lain adalah pengalaman pribadi, pengaruh orang lain yang dianggap penting, pengaruh kebudayaan, media massa, lembaga agama, dan pengaruh faktor emosional

 

Kata kunci: Regulasi Diri, Ekstrakurikuler
HUBUNGAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KONSEP DIRI DENGAN BURNOUT PADA ANGGOTA BRIGADE MOBILE KEPOLISIAN DAERAH MEDAN SUMATERA UTARA.
Authors: Wayan
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the relationship between work environment and self concept with burnout. The study was conducted at the mobile brigade police of the Republic of Indonesia North Sumatra in the city of Medan. The number of respondents in this study were 196 members of the mobile brigade with non probability sampling techniques. Based on Spearman rank data analysis obtained a significant level between work environment (X1) with burnout (Y) with a significant value of 0,000 <0,05, meaning that there is a partial relationship between work environment and burnout. While the relationship of self-concept (X2) with burnout (Y) with a significant value of 0,000 <0.05. This proves that there is a partial relationship between self-concept and burnout. While the significance level of the work environment (X1) and self-concept (X2) with burnout (Y) with a significant value of 0,000 <0,05 are related simultaneously, then the hypothesis in this study is accepted. The correlation between work environment and self concept with burnout on members of the mobile brigade in the city of Medan, North Sumatra is 56%. Keywords: Burnout, work environment, self-concept.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lingkungan kerja dan konsep diri dengan burnout. Penelitian dilaksanakan di brigade mobile kepolisian daerah Medan Sumatera Utara. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 196 anggota brigade mobile dengan teknik pengambilan sampel non probability sampling. Berdasarkan analisis data rank spearman diperoleh taraf signifikan antara lingkungan kerja (X1) dengan burnout (Y) dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, artinya membuktikan bahwa terdapat hubungan secara parsial lingkungan kerja dengan burnout. Sedangkan hubungan konsep diri (X2) dengan burnout (Y) dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa terdapat hubungan secara parsial konsep diri dengan burnout. Sedangkan taraf signifikasi lingkungan kerja (X1) dan konsep diri  (X2) dengan burnout (Y) dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 berhubungan secara simultan, maka hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima. Besar korelasi hubungan lingkungan kerja dan konsep diri dengan burnout pada anggota satuan brigade mobile kepolisian daerah Medan Sumatera Utara sebesar 56% .

 

Kata Kunci: Burnout, lingkungan kerja, konsep diri.
Application rates to surgical residency programs in Canada
Authors: Dow Todd , McGuire Connor , Crawley Emma , Davies Dafydd
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify ifthe previously reported declining interest in surgery amongst medical students persists,and also to provide more descriptive analysis of trends by surgical specialty and medical school. Our hypothesis is that the previously reported decreasing interest in surgery remains constant for some surgical disciplines.Methods: TheCanadian Resident Matching Service and the Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canadaprovided data for this study.Several metrics of interest in surgery,including overall application trends, applications by discipline, and rankings by school of graduation were evaluated.Descriptive statistics and linear regression modeling were used. Results: Between 2007 and 2017 the number of non-surgical residency positions and Canadian medical graduates increased significantly. However, thenumber of surgical residency positionsand applications to surgical programsdid not changesignificantly. The number of rankings to orthopedic and vascular surgery decreased significantly.  Likewise, applicants to general, orthopedic, plastic, otolaryngology, and vascular surgery decreased significantly.Vascular surgery saw a significant decrease in first choice rankings.  Total rankings to surgical programs increased significantly at McGill, with no significant change at other Canadian institutions. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that while the number of applicants to surgical residency positions has been consistent, it is not keeping pace with the growing number of both CMGs and non-surgical residency positions. Furthermore, by using other measures of medical student interest in surgical specialties, such as the total number of rankings to a specialty through the residency matching process, the total number of applicants applying to a surgical discipline and the total number of first choice ranks that each surgical discipline received, we have demonstrated that there is a possible declining interest in some surgical disciplines.
ТОВАРОЗНАВЧА ЕКСПЕРТИЗА АКУМУЛЯТОРНОЇ БАТАРЕЇ
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: December 2019

Мета. Дослідження теоретичних основ проведення товарознавчих експертиз зметою визначення ринкової вартості обладнання як елементу рухомого майна, зокремарозкрито алгоритм визначення ринкової вартості акумуляторної батареї торгової марки«Sonnenschein» моделі «SOLAR» типу «S12/85A» за допомогою витратного підходу.Методика. Для визначення ринкової вартості акумуляторної батареї торговоїмарки «Sonnenschein» моделі «SOLAR» типу «S12/85A» було використанозагальноприйняті методи дослідження, зокрема дедуктивний – при теоретичномуузагальнення проблеми, монографічний – для детальної конкретизації наукових засадоцінки ринкової вартості об’єкта дослідження, індуктивний – при формуванні висновку.Результати. Розглянуто теоретичні основи оцінки обладнання як елементурухомого майна. У статті розкрито поняття оцінки майна та визначено підходи, щозастосовують під час проведення товарознавчої експертизи. Охарактеризованометодичні підходи (порівняльний, витратний, дохідний) до оцінки машин та обладнання.Встановлено що кожен із зазначений підходів реалізується за допомогою специфічнихметодик, які залежать від об’єкта оцінки. Обґрунтовано доцільність застосуваннявитратного підходу під час проведення товарознавчої експертизи із визначенням ринковоївартості акумуляторної батареї. Проаналізовано механізм проведення товарознавчогодослідження для визначення ринкової вартості акумуляторної батареї. У статтіобґрунтовано алгоритм визначення ринкової вартості акумуляторної батареї торговоїмарки «Sonnenschein» моделі «SOLAR» типу «S12/85A» під час проведення судовотоварознавчої експертизи, який передбачав: ідентифікацію об’єкта оцінки; підбір об’єктавідтворення (заміщення); визначення вартості відтворення (заміщення) нового об’єкта;визначення характеристик, які підлягають коригуванню; внесення поправок; визначенняфізичного зносу; визначення накопиченого зносу; визначення залишкової вартостівідтворення (заміщення) об’єкта оцінки. Представлено приклад визначення ринковоївартості акумуляторної батареї за допомогою витратного підходу, яким встановлено,що ринкова вартість акумуляторної батареї торгової марки «Sonnenschein» моделі «SOLAR» типу «S12/85A» станом на момент проведення експертизи може становити7393,08 грн.Практична значимість. Запропонований та апробований алгоритм визначенняринкової вартості акумуляторних батарей може бути використано під час проведенняподібних судово-товарознавчих експертиз. Матеріали та напрацювання статті можутьбути використані фахівцями експертних організацій для врахування в роботі під часпроведення товарознавчих експертиз.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ ВИРОБНИЦТВА АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНИХ ПАЛИВ ДЛЯ БЕНЗИНОВИХ ДВИГУНІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: December 2019

Мета. Визначення проблем розвитку ринку біопалив та показників експлуатаційнихвластивостей палив альтернативних для бензинових двигунів із різним співвідношеннямприсадок.Методика. При дослідженнях використовували передбачені діючими державнимистандартами методи, які дозволяють оцінити показники експлуатаційних властивостейпалив.Результати. Встановлено, що ринок альтернативних палив перебуває на етапіформування, має ряд проблем, які необхідно вирішувати, адже перспективи розвиткутакого ринку в Україні значні.Перед Україною відкривається ємнісний ринок біоетанолу країнЄвропейського Союзу. Місця провадження діяльності, на яких планується організаціявиробництва біоетанолу та палива моторного альтернативного, знаходяться в регіонах,де є достатній обсяг цукровмісної та крохмалевмісної сировини. На сьогодні ця сировинаекспортується в країни, де з неї виготовляють біоетанол. Після налагодженнявиробництва даного палива у Вінницькій, Київській, Львівській, Тернопільській, Черкаськійта Чернівецькій областях переробно-харчовий сегмент АПК цих регіонів отримає новіімпульси для розвитку, що поступово виведе зі стану стагнації й суміжні із спиртовимвиробництвом галузі.Важливою проблемою є використання присадок, які забезпечатьхімічну стабільність бензинового біопалива з високими експлуатаційними властивостями,що дасть можливість виробляти та використовувати такі палива з вмістом етиловогоспирту 30 % і вище, а це, в свою чергу, дозволить суттєво збільшувати часткуспоживання альтернативних палив в Україні, що є нагальною проблемою сьогодення.Досліджено, що різний вміст присадок по-різному впливає на експлуатаційнівластивості альтернативних палив для бензинових двигунів, зокрема на октанове число тахімічну стабільність.Наукова новизна. Встановлено вплив складу вихідної композиції альтернативногопалива на його хімічну стабільність та октанове число. Практична значимість. Альтернативні палива для бензинових двигунів широковикористовуються у світі, збільшення вмісту етилового спирту у його складі даєможливість зменшити обсяг використання нафтового бензину, а це, в свою чергу,призведе до покращення екологічної ситуації довкілля та економії дорогої нафтовоїсировини .
Development of PEF extraction technology by Maguin
Authors: Delecourt Romain , Marsal Loïc
Published: December 2019

Maguin (France) is still active in the application of pulsed electric field (PEF) technology. After having carried out successful tests on a 10 t/h pilot screw-type machine on sugar beet cossettes, a new application system based on a roller technology has been developed. This technology allows a wide range of application due to its flexibility with flowrates and materials. A variety of process schemes are proposed to ensure the best performance of the PEF technology.
Technological qualities of defoliated and topped sugar beet
Authors: Hoffmann Christa , Märländer Bernward
Published: December 2019

It is well known that beet with crown tissue have a higher content of melassigenic nonsugar substances than correctly-topped beet. However, there is a lack of information on the impact of this change on processing. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of defoliated beet on the different processing steps. Laboratory-scale processing experiments were conducted with defoliated and manually-topped beet from five sites in 2010/11 to 2012/13. Beet brei, raw press juice and thin juice have been analyzed, the subsequent effects have been simulated with a specially developed model. The results show that the beet composition changes increasingly when including a larger proportion of the crown tissue. Consequently, cutting off the first millimeters of the top of the crown will remove the worst part of the beet. Defoliated beet have a poorer technological quality compared to topped beet with a significantly higher content of melassigenic compounds, in particular -aminoN and invert sugar, and a lower pol. sugar content, thus resulting in a lower purity. This effect is similar for all products, beet brei, raw press juice, and thin juice. In thin juice, the effective alkalinity is significantly reduced, while colour and lime salts’ content are increased. Because of the lower quality/purity of defoliated beet more beet will have to be processed to produce the same quantity of white sugar, so the processing campaign will become longer. In the simulation model a lower thick juice purity and a higher molasses purity have been assumed for defoliated beet, as based on juice analysis and technological expectations. The higher content of nonsugars will result in an increased mass flow through the sugar house which will negatively affect the molasses exhaustion. At the same white sugar production, the simulation model calculates higher costs for processing aids and energy, but on the other hand also higher revenues for the additional production of pellets and molasses when processing defoliated beet.
Zwischenfruchtanbau, Sortenwahl, N-Düngung: Wirkung auf N-Versorgung und Ertrag von Zuckerrüben sowie auf die Nematodendichte
Authors: Hauer Melanie , Koch Heinz-Josef , Mittler Stefan , Windt Andreas , Krüssel Stefan , Schlinker Gero , Wollenweber Dirk , Rustemeyer Carmen
Published: December 2019

Zwischenfruchtanbau kann nicht nur die Nematodendichte vermindern, z.B. durch den Anbau von resistentem Senf, sondern weitere Effekte wie die Verbesserung der Stickstoffverfügbarkeit für nachfolgende Zuckerrüben sind denkbar. In vier Umwelten wurden Feldexperimente durchgeführt, um den Einfluss des Zwischenfruchtanbaus (resistenter weißer Senf, Zwischenfruchtmischung und Strohmulch als Kontrolle), der Stickstoffdüngung (0, 50, 100, 150kgNha–1 zu Zuckerrüben) und der Nematodendichte auf N-Aufnahme und Zuckerertrag von gegenüber Nematoden anfälligen, toleranten oder resistenten Zuckerrübensorten zu untersuchen. Der Zwischenfruchtanbau beeinflusste weder Zuckerertrag noch N-Aufnahme der mit 100kgNha–1 gedüngten Zuckerrüben, allerdings konnte bei ausreichend etablierten Zwischenfruchtbeständen die Nematodendichte durch resistenten Senf und außerdem durch die resistente Zuckerrübensorte unabhängig von der N-Düngung reduziert werden. Die N-Aufnahme sowie Amino-N-Gehalte nahmen bei der anfälligen Zuckerrübensorte mit zunehmendem Nematodenbefall exponentiell ab, allerdings nicht bei der toleranten und resistenten Sorte. Der Zuckerertrag wurde nur unwesentlich von der N-Düngung beeinflusst: Nur bei niedrigem und sehr hohem N-Angebot (= mineralischer N-Gehalt im Boden + mineralische N-Düngung) traten geringe Mindererträge bei allen Sorten auf. Das optimale N-Angebot lag zwischen 130 und 160kgNha–1.
Environmental technology: Fluidised-bed steam dryers — latest developments and practical experience
Authors: Caspers Gerald , Nammert Klaus , Fersterra Holger , Hafemann Hartmut
Published: December 2019

Fluidised-bed steam dryers have been in use for industrial-scale drying of pressed beet pulp for more than 20 years. This highly energy-efficient process can be considered to be state of the art in the industry. Scientific laboratory and pilot-plant testing have provided the basis for a detailed description of the principles of fluidisation and drying in superheated water vapour. Advances in production data acquisition, in particular regarding the options for the real-time presentation and evaluation of high-resolution operating data (Industry 4.0), have opened up new potentials for optimisation of the drying process in fluidised-bed steam dryers. By analysing and interpreting sequences of events, or simultaneous events, it is now possible to analyse process behaviour in great depth. This allows malfunctions to be avoided by improved design or, assisted by suitable measuring and control systems, to be detected at an early stage. Failures can then be prevented altogether by initiating automated countermeasures. On the basis of more recent insights gained from the analysis of faults and disruptions using modern operating data acquisition, BMA’s fluidised-bed steam dryer (WVT) has been subjected to fundamental technological and technical improvements, so it now meets today’s demands for efficiency and reliability. Modifications include the product inlet, the distribution plate and several other parts, in addition to the known and patented PPS (Plug Protection System; EP 2457649 B1), and the patented rotary weir (EP 2146167 B1).
Einfluss der Bodenstruktur auf den Befall mit Rhizoctonia solani an Zuckerrüben (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) – erste Ergebnisse
Authors: Schulze Sascha , Koch Heinz-Josef , Märländer Bernward
Published: December 2019

Der bodenbürtige Pilz Rhizoctonia solani Kühn ist der Erreger der Späten Rübenfäule der Zuckerrübe und kann erhebliche Ertragsverluste verursachen. Krankheitsauftreten und Befallsstärke sind neben dem Zuckerrübengenotyp und der Vorfrucht abhängig von spezifischen bodenstrukturellen Eigenschaften. In den vorgestellten Versuchen wurde die Bodenstruktur durch eine variierte Bodenbearbeitung (Pflug, Grubber, Überrollen und flache Grubberbearbeitung) differenziert. Zwei Zuckerrübengenotypen (anfällig, resistent) wurden nach Mais angebaut. Aufgrund eines insgesamt niedrigen Befallsniveaus mit R. solani an Zuckerrüben konnten keine Zusammenhänge zwischen der Befallsstärke von R. solani und den untersuchten Bodenparametern (Eindringwiderstand, Luftkapazität, Gesamtporenvolumen, Pneumatische Leitfähigkeit) festgestellt werden. Darüber hinaus gab es keine Befallsunterschiede zwischen den Bodenbearbeitungsvarianten. Die Ergebnisse lassen allerdings vermuten, dass reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung zu einem höheren Befall mit R. solani als konventionelle Pflugbearbeitung führen könnte. Kam es zum Befall, war dieser beim anfälligen Genotyp stärker ausgeprägt als beim resistenten Genotyp.
Herbst-Streifenbearbeitung zu Zuckerrüben in Deutschland
Authors: Laufer Daniel , Loibl Bernhard , Schlinker Gero , Schmitz Frank , Koch Heinz-Josef
Published: December 2019

Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, Auswirkungen einer Streifenbearbeitung im Herbst auf Feldaufgang und Ertrag von Zuckerrüben in charakteristischen Rübenanbaugebieten Deutschlands zu untersuchen. Als Referenz diente dabei das betriebsübliche Bodenbearbeitungs- und Bestellverfahren, welches sich unter den jeweiligen Standortverhältnissen als langjährig optimal erwiesen hatte. Dazu wurden in den Jahren 2012/13, 2013/14 und 2014/15 in insgesamt 35 Umwelten Streifenversuche auf landwirtschaftlichen Praxisflächen durchgeführt (On-Farm-Experimente).

Im Mittel der untersuchten Umwelten war der Feldaufgang bei Streifenbearbeitung 7,0% niedriger als bei betriebsüblicher Bodenbearbeitung. Beziehungen der Bestandesdichte zum Bereinigten Zuckerertrag konnten nicht festgestellt werden, vermutlich weil zwischen den Verfahren Abweichungen in der Bestandesdichte gering waren oder innerhalb der optimalen Bestandesdichte von 82000 bis 110000 Pflanzen ha–1 lagen. Der Bereinigte Zuckerertrag bei Streifenbearbeitung war im Mittel der untersuchten Umwelten 6,3% niedriger als bei betriebsüblicher Bodenbearbeitung. Mindererträge bei Streifenbearbeitung traten vermehrt auf Standorten mit schwereren Böden auf und waren vermutlich durch eine verzögerte Jugendentwicklung begründet.
“Clean label” – Starches and their functional diversity
Authors: Radeloff Michael A. , Beck Roland H.F.
Published: December 2019

Modern starch milling technologies not only produce the common native starches from corn, wheat, potato and cassava but also can extend the range of commercially available starches by native starch specialities such as waxy and high amylose varieties of corn, potato, pea and rice starch. The functionality of these native starches in form of swelling and gelling characteristics is defined by botanical characteristics such as granule size, amylose-, phosphate and lipid content. The diversity of these native starch functionalities can be extended by physical and enzymatic starch modification techniques. Pregelatinized starches are obtained by drum and roll drying, extrusion or spray cooking often complemented by agglomeration. Heat moisture treatment and annealing result in cold water swelling granular starches and resistant starch, respectively. This extended range of clean label functional native starches is successively replacing E-number coded chemically modified food starch additives from the ingredient list of modern convenience and processed foods.
Auswirkungen der alkalischen Extraktion von elektroporierten Zuckerrüben auf das Verfahren der Zuckergewinnung (Teil 1)
Authors: Rudolph Holger , Bagherzadeh Arash , Frenzel Stefan , Schick Rudolf , Michelberger Thomas , Arnold Jochen
Published: December 2019

In Zusammenarbeit mit der TU Berlin und dem KIT (Karlsruher Institut für Technologie) hat die Südzucker AG einen Elektroporationsprozess mit nachfolgender alkalischer Extraktion entwickelt. Dieses Kombinationsverfahren ermöglicht es, den Prozess der Saccharosegewinnung vollständig im alkalischen Milieu zu führen. Im Gegensatz zur konventionellen Extraktion wird dabei nur das Frisch- und Presswasser angewärmt. Das Extrakt hat daher eine um ~10K niedrigere Temperatur als im konventionellen Verfahren. Die erreichbaren Pressschnitzeltrockensubstanzgehalte liegen bei alkalischer Extraktion um 10% absolut höher als konventionell. Hieraus resultiert eine erhebliche Energieeinsparung in der Schnitzeltrocknung. Der Pressschnitzelanfall erhöht sich um 10% im Vergleich zur herkömmlichen Prozessführung.

Die Extrakte sind qualitativ den konventionellen Extrakten überlegen. Aus der veränderten Zusammensetzung ergeben sich Vereinfachungen für die Extraktreinigung. Die Vorkalkung kann entfallen, die Hauptkalkung wird verkürzt. Die Filtrationseigenschaften sind hervoragend.

Das entwickelte Verfahren nutzt die Vorteile der alkalischen Extraktion und löst die Probleme, die bisher der alkalischen Extraktion entgegenstanden.
Einfluss von Genotyp, Erntetechnik und Erntebedingungen auf die Entstehung von Lagerfäule und die Invertzucker-akkumulation während der Langzeitlagerung von Zuckerrüben
Authors: Becker Martin , Varrelmann Mark , Christ Daniela
Published: December 2019

Durch die Verlängerung der Verarbeitungskampagne nach der Zuckermarktreform 2006 verlängerte sich auch die Lagerdauer der Zuckerrüben in Feldrandmieten. Während der Lagerung sinkt die Verarbeitungsqualität durch die Ausbildung von Lagerfäule sowie die Akkumulation von Invertzucker. Ziel der Untersuchungen war, den Einfluss von Genotyp, Rodegeschwindigkeit und Bodenfeuchte auf Erdanhang, Köpfqualität, Verletzungen, Lagerfäule sowie die Entwicklung des Invertzuckergehaltes während der Langzeitlagerung zu bestimmen. In einem zweiten Versuchsansatz wurden Unterschiede in der Lagerfähigkeit von Zuckerrüben evaluiert, die mit aktuell auf dem Markt erhältlichen Rodern geerntet wurden. Hierfür wurde zum einen ein Feldversuch an drei Standorten durchgeführt und zum anderen wurden Zuckerrüben aus einem Roderdemonstrationsversuch beprobt. Im ersten Versuchsansatz übertraf der Einfluss des Genotyps alle anderen Effekte, was vermutlich auf den eingesetzten zweireihigen Versuchsroder zurückzuführen ist. Die Ergebnisse aus dem Roderdemonstrationsversuch deuten dagegen an, dass die Erntetechnik einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Entstehung von Lagerfäule und den Invertzuckergehalt haben kann. Weitere Untersuchungen in einer randomisierten Versuchsanlage mit Feldwiederholungen müssen folgen.
CONVISO® SMART – an innovative approach of weed control in sugar beet
Authors: Wegener Martin , Balgheim Natalie , Klie Maik , Stibbe Carsten , Holtschulte Bernd
Published: December 2019

KWS SAAT SE and Bayer CropScience AG are jointly developing and commercializing an innovative system of weed control in sugar beet for the global market under the name of CONVISO SMART. The technology is based on the breeding of sugar beet cultivars that are tolerant to herbicides of the ALS-inhibitor-class with a broad-spectrum weed control. This will give farmers a new opportunity to make sugar beet cultivation easier, more flexible in its timing and more efficient. The use of CONVISO, as new herbicide in sugar beet, will make it possible to control major weeds with low dose rates of product and reduced number of applications in the future. The tolerance is based on a change in the enzyme acetholactate synthase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of essential amino acids. This variation can occur spontaneously during cell division. During the development, sugar beets with this spontaneously changed enzyme were specifically selected and used for further breeding of CONVISO SMART cultivars. As such, these varieties are not a product of genetic modification. Field studies with CONVISO SMART hybrids showed complete crop selectivity and a broad and reliable efficacy against a large range of major weeds. The bio-dossier for an EU-wide registration of CONVISO was submitted in April in 2015. The variety inscription process is in preparation in different countries. The system CONVISO SMART is scheduled to be available to farmers in 2018 at the earliest.
Process modeling using Sugars(TM) – Beet factory
Authors: Weiss L. Warner
Published: December 2019

Das Programm Sugars™ für Windows® erstellt komplett die Massen-, Energie- und Farbbilanzen für Rüben- und Rohrzuckerfabriken sowie Raffinerien. Das Programm simuliert nahezu jeden Prozess der Zuckergewinnung. In diesem Beitrag wird die Simulation einer Rübenzuckerfabrik mit Melasseentzuckerung mittels chromatographischer Trennung vorgestellt. Das vollständig integrierte Modell beinhaltet die in die Schneidemaschinen gelangenden Schnitzel bis hin zur chromatographischen Abtrennung der Saccharose aus Melasse und der Einengung von Extrakt, Betain und Raffinat. Außerdem enthält es Angaben zur Dampf- und Stromerzeugung. Sugars stellt Schnittstellen für den Datenimport und -export bereit. Ein Beispiel zeigt den Export der Turbogeneratordaten des Modells nach Microsoft Excel®. Hierbei wird der isentrope Wirkungsgrad unter Verwendung der Willans-Linie modifiziert, um die Leistungsfähigkeit des Turbogenerators zu verändern. Der so berechnete isentrope Wirkungsgrad wird zur Neubilanzierung des Modells von Excel wieder nach Sugars exportiert.
A simple and green extraction of carbon dots from sugar beet molasses: Biosensor applications
Authors: Dinç Saliha
Published: December 2019

Carbon dots emerged recently as a luminescent nanoparticles have received considerable attention. Carbon dots, which can be synthesized by different methods, have many application areas such as biosensor, bioimaging etc.

In this study, carbon dots were extracted from a sugar beet molasses without using any other synthesis methods. Extracted carbon dots gave strong blue fluorescence under UV light. The characterization of carbon dots was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Optic properties were determined by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Carbon dots were used as tool of biosensor in detection of riboflavin and tetracycline analyses. In riboflavin detection, fluorescence resonance energy (FRET) from carbon dots transferred to riboflavin and linear correlation was obtained between FRET efficiency and riboflavin concentration (R2=0.9904). Tetracycline decreased the fluorescence of carbon dots. There was a linear correlation between fluorescence decrease and tetracycline concentration (R2=0.9952).

Extracted carbon dots can successfully be used in the determination of riboflavin and tetracycline.
Auswirkungen der alkalischen Extraktion von elektroporierten Zuckerrüben auf das Verfahren der Zuckerproduktion (Teil 3). Kristallisation und Melassebildung
Authors: Bagherzadeh Arash , Frenzel Stefan , Schick Rudolf , Michelberger Thomas
Published: December 2019

Die vorliegende Arbeit ist der 3. Teil einer Publikationsreihe, die die Auswirkungen der alkalischen Extraktion von elektroporierten Rüben auf das Verfahren der Zuckergewinnung untersucht. In den ersten beiden Teilen wurden die Verfahrensabschnitte Extraktion, Saftreinigung und Eindampfung abgehandelt. Im dritten Teil dieser Reihe werden die Auswirkungen der Elektroporation mit anschließender alkalischer Extraktion auf den Verfahrensabschnitt der Kristallisation untersucht. Dieses Kombinationsverfahren führt gegenüber der klassischen Zuckergewinnung zu einer deutlichen Veränderung der Zusammensetzung der Nichtsaccharosestoffe. Deutliche Unterschiede zeigen sich im Calciumgehalt und im Gehalt an organischen Säuren. Die Auswirkung dieser anderen Zusammensetzung der Nichtsaccharosestoffe auf die mögliche Melasseerschöpfung wurde mit dem so genannten Polnischen Test untersucht. Die Überprüfungen der Sättigungsfunktionen von Melassen aus dem Kombinationsverfahren Elektroporation/alkalische Extraktion und aus dem konventionellen Prozess zeigten leichte Vorteile für die Melasse aus dem Verfahren der alkalischen Extraktion. Die Untersuchungen zeigten auch, dass sich die rheologischen Eigenschaften der Abläufe bzw. der Melasse ändern und somit die Kinetik der Saccharosekristallisation beeinflussen. Der erhöhte Trübstoffgehalt im Dicksaft hat zunächst keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf dessen Viskosität. Durch die Anreicherung der Trübstoffe in den Muttersirupen der aufeinanderfolgenden Kristallisationsstufen steigt jedoch die Viskosität der Abläufe so stark, dass bei der Nachproduktkristallisation eine Senkung der Muttersirupreinheit auf 60% nicht erreicht werden kann und eine Abtrennung der Kristalle aus dem Nachproduktmagma mit Hilfe von Zentrifugen sehr erschwert wird. Werden jedoch die Dicksäfte sorgfältig filtriert, können diese Schwierigkeiten vermieden werden.
Batch conditioning of refined sugar in a silo with very low relative humidity air
Authors: Chorão José Manuel
Published: December 2019

Batch conditioning of screened and cooled refined sugar with very low flow rates of drying air was evaluated with 6 h experiments in a 5 t silo. Drying air was dehumidified with hollow fibre membranes able to deliver dry air at near zero relative humidity. The sugar’s water content reduction achieved was in the expected range, and at a lower cost than traditional methods.
Falling film evaporators in beet and cane sugar industry
Authors: Mesmacque Alexandre
Published: December 2019

The falling film evaporator has been widely used in the beet sugar industry for more than 30 years. This technology has been adapted and optimized for cane sugar factories addressing the increased risks of incrustation of the juice distribution system and heating surface due to an increased scaling propensity of cane juice. The developments carried out by Fives on falling film evaporator permitted the elimination of these problems. The absence of a hydrostatic head means that for the same thermal power, lower Ts are possible, especially for intermediate and last effects of the evaporator station. Thus, reconfigurations of the bleedings may be possible, achieving lower steam consumptions than can be obtained with other evaporator technologies.
Factors Influencing Sputum Smear and Culture Conversion Time among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Shrestha Pushpa Man , Gurung Minani , Chaudhary Nabin Kumar
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs and it may spread to other organs. Sputum smear and culture conversion are important indicators for the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of the patient. The present study aims to find sputum smear and culture conversion time and the factors that influence the conversion time among tuberculosis patients at National Tuberculosis Centre in Nepal.

Methods: A total of 54 patients, who were diagnosed with laboratory confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and under antitubercular therapy were monitored for sputum smear and culture conversion time. The blood specimens from each patient were processed for hemoglobin, platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and blood glucose levels. Patient’s clinical history, risk factors that prolong conversion time and sociodemographic information were also collected by direct interview.

Results: The mean sputum smear and culture conversion were found to be 54.4 days and 45.5 days respectively. Old age, smoking habit, low body mass index value, Treatment category II, initial bacillary load and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate values were found to be associated with long sputum conversion time. Radiographic involvement of only left lungs, presence of fewer symptoms, aged between 15-45 years, having normal weight, without smoking habit and being married, were found to be associated with short sputum conversion time.

Conclusions: The sputum microscopy, old age, smoking habit, low body mass index value, treatment category II, initial bacillary load and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate value had been found to be significantly associated with long sputum conversion time.
Symptom Index of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kunwar Kapesh , Singh Meeta , Koirala Poonam , Shrestha Sebak
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Ovarian cancer accounts for four percent of all cancer in women worldwide. It is considered as the silent killer, because symptoms do not develop until the disease reached advanced stages. Majority of women are diagnosed at advanced stages when prognosis is poor. This study was carried out with an aim to find out association of Symptom Index with ovarian cancer.

Methods: A hospital based case control study was conducted over one year in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, TUTH, Kathmandu. All patients visiting to Gynecology OPD or admitted to Female Surgical Ward with histopathology confirmed ovarian cancer were included. Age matched women with benign ovarian tumor at the ratio of 1:2 were taken as controls. All women were inquired regarding the occurrence of eight symptoms associated with ovarian cancer. A symptom index was considered positive if any of those symptoms occurred >12 times per month but were present for <1 year.

Results: There were 30 cases and 60 controls. Twenty-nine (96.7%) cases and 56 (93.4%) controls presented with abdominal pain but it was not statistically significant. However, abdominal bloating in 56.7% vs 8.3% [OR-14.4 (4.5-46.2)], increased abdominal size in 40% vs 11.6% [OR- 5.04 (1.7-14.8)], difficulty in eating in 30% vs 1.7% [OR- 25.3 (3.02-211.7)], and feeling full in 23.3% of vs 1.7% [OR-17.9 (2.09-154.1)], all were statistically significant.

Conclusions: Symptoms are present in a significant number of women with ovarian cancer. So, evaluating women with specific symptoms of recent onset helps to make the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
Acute Intermittent Porphyria- Perplexed by the Purple
Authors: Dutta Ashish , Rajbhandari Bibek , Thapa Paras , Shrestha Bipin , Yadav Manoj , Joshi Santosh , Bhattarai Ashish Mohan , Giri Ashok
Published: December 2019

Porphyrias are rare, genetically inherited group of disorders. The most common disorder among acute porphyrias are the acute intermittent porphyria, which occurs due a defect of the enzyme porphobilinogendeaminase, presenting commonly with a triad of symptoms: visceral abdominal pain, neurological dysfunction and psychiatric disturbances. Non specific myriad of symptoms causes a diagnostic confusion and delay, leading to multiple investigations, unnecessary treatment interventions, high cost of management, with frequent visits to emergency room and a prolonged ward stay. A more perplexing picture appears due to the absence of hard physical findings, and the patients get dismissed for years as “Functional”, Malingerers, Mentally ill. In underdeveloped countries, owing to limited investigative procedures, costly laboratory investigations, poor socio-economic status, much reliance on clinical judgment is required.
Tubercular Osteomyelitis of Tibia: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Amin Kumar , Shrestha Suman Raja , Thakur Gopesh Kumar , Dumre Arjun Prasad
Published: December 2019

Tubercular osteomyelitis of long bone is extremely rare and very few cases have been reported in literature. We are presenting a case of 43 years gentlemen presented with pain and swelling over lower half of leg for 5 months. There was associated pus discharging sinus and often low-grade fever but no history of weight loss or pulmonary symptoms. X-ray chest was normal. X-rays of involved leg was suggestive of osteomyelitis. Curettage and Biopsy was done, report was suggestive of tuberculous osteomyelitis. As tuberculosis is still common in developing countries like Nepal, for any osteolytic lesion in bone, tubercular osteomyelitis should always be considered in differential diagnosis.

Keywords: extrapulmonary tuberculosis; osteolytic lesion in bone; tubercular osteomyelitis.
Lightning Maculopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Ruchi , Shah Ritesh Kumar , Joshi Purushottam
Published: December 2019

Lightning induced maculopathy is a very rare condition and there are barely any published reports on lightning induced maculopathy in our country. Here we present a case of twenty three years female who presented with lightning induced burns on the neck, chest and abdomen. She had unconsciousness for 3 days after lightening injury for which she was treated in intensive care unit. She presented with complain of diminution of vision in both eyes after 2 weeks. Optical Coherence tomography revealed cystic changes in fovea in right eye and a macular hole in left eye. Lightning injury is a life threatening condition. Lightning maculopathy should always be ruled out which can be best detected on optical coherence tomography.

Keywords: foveal cyst; lightning injury; maculopathy; optical coherence tomography.
Pattern of Menisci and Cruciate Ligaments Injury of Knee Joint in MRI and Arthroscopy
Authors: Joshi Santosh , Pandit Swayam Prakash , Sherchan Binod
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The traumatic or internal derangement of the knee requires certain investigations for the establishment of diagnosis. With advances in technology and because of high resolution and accuracy a MRI scan is now a standard for evaluating the knee injuries before a subsequent arthroscopy. When used properly after a thorough clinical examination, an MRI can prove to be an efficient and non-invasive diagnostic tool in the management of knee injuries. On the other hand, arthroscopy is considered as the gold standard method for the diagnosis of such injuries. 

Methods: The prospective hospital based study was conducted on fifty one symptomatic patients with knee injuries over a period of one year. All the patients underwent MRI of the knee joint on Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla MRI Machine in Bir Hospital, NAMS and they were evaluated and cross checked by faculty members. After proper evaluation, diagnostic arthroscopy was done, if needed therapeutic intervention was also performed. The sensitivity, the specificity, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of MRI for MM, LM, ACL and PCL were calculated.

Results: A total of 51 patients were included with a mean age of 30.92 years. Left knee was predominantly involved in 56.1% of the cases with 43.9% involvement of right knee. Overall, MRI showed a total of 32 medial menisci tears and 8 lateral menisci tears. There were 5 false negative cases for MMT. MRI revealed tears of ACL in 44 patients and no patient with PCL tear. Arthroscopy revealed ACL tears in 44 cases and confirmed no patient with PCL tear.

Conclusions: MRI is a noninvasive, useful and reliable diagnostic tool for evaluating knee injury and it can be used as a first line of investigation in patients with knee injury.
A Case of Agyria-Pachygyria Presenting as Seizure Disorder in A Young Girl
Authors: Pandey Shikha , Bhusal Mohan , Rana PVS
Published: December 2019

“Lissencephaly”, a rare gene linked defective neuroblast migration disorder resulting in defective cortical lamination, abnormal gyral development and subcortical heterotropia. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the identification of lissencephaly gene on chromosome 17p13.3 and causing Type-1 Lissencephaly or miller Diecker syndrome where lissencephaly is severe in posterior brain region. Another X-linked gene Doublecortin (DCX) gene where the lissencephaly is more severe in anterior region of the brain. Usually this defect manifests in early infancy or childhood as seizure disorder. A case of lissencephaly with features of Miller Dieker syndrome in a young girl is reported and literature is reviewed. The important feature of the case was its late presentation in a 17 years old girl.
Comparative Study of Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Blunt Abdominal Trauma at CMS-TH
Authors: Thapa Subash , Thapa Madan
Published: December 2019

Introduction: This study was conducted to compare the role of USG and CT as noninvasive imaging techniques for assessing the patient with blunt abdominal trauma.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was performed at the College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan in the department of Radiodiagnosis, from January 2011 through July 2013. Where 150 patients following abdominal injuries were recorded, including patient age group, sex and mode of injury. Patient underwent USG and CT evaluation. The role of USG and CT was compared in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma.

Results: In our study, 80% of patient with blunt abdominal injury were male with the M:F ratio of 4:1. Road traffic accident was the most common cause of blunt abdominal trauma (72%). There were 95 (92.22%) patients positive for free fluid by USG and CT where 15 had no organ injury. CT revealed organ injuries in 88 (85.43%) patients whereas USG detected 72 (69.90%) organ injuries. Spleen 42 (47.72%) was the most common organ to be injured followed by liver29 (32.95%), kidney 7 (7.9%) and pancreas 3 (3.4%). 16 (18.18%) patients out of 88 positive for organ injuries were not associated with free fluid. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of USG for organ injury were 81.81%, 100%, 100%, 79.48% and 89.3% respectively.

Conclusions: USG and CT are useful noninvasive tools in detecting free intraperitoneal fluid and organ injuries in patients with blunt abdominal trauma. CT is superior to detect organ injuries in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Nursing Care in Terminally Ill Patients among Nurses
Authors: Khanal Basu , Pradhan Srijana , Lamichhane Suraj
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Advanced illness occurs when one or more conditions become serious enough that general health and functioning declines and treatment begins to loose their impact. This is a process that continues to the end of life. It can also be called as “End of life care”, “serious illness” or “advanced illness”. Advanced illness includes different diseases: The Pulmonary advanced illness- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Cardiovascular advanced illness- Stroke, Congestive Cardiac Failure; Immunological advanced illness- HIV/AIDS; Endocrine advanced illness- Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 and 2) and Cancer.To assess the level of knowledge and practice regarding nursing care in advanced ill patients.

Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was undertaken in Om Hospital and Research Centre, Chabahil, Kathmandu. A total number of 100 nurses were taken as sample for study via non probability purposive sampling. Data collection was done through self structured questionnaire and observational checklist. Data processing was through using Statistical Package for Social Science version 16.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that 22 respondents have adequate knowledge, 57 respondents have average knowledge and 21 respondents have inadequate knowledge.

Conclusions: This study concludes that the periodic in-service education, seminar, conferences, continue education, workshop and trainings regarding Nursing care in Advanced ill patients would enhance the knowledge and practice of nurses.
O uso gramatical do gesto ostensivo: uma análise sobre o ensino de conceitos matemáticos
Authors: Sousa Oliveira Marcelo de
Published: December 2019

Este artigo visa compreender a utilização de gestos ostensivos no ensino de conceitos matemáticos. O foco está na constituição do sentido nesse domínio do conhecimento. A discussão, apesar de se caracterizar como teórica, procura ilustrar a discussão com exemplos de situações de ensino com a finalidade de clarificar a região de inquérito delimitada, o que se constitui como uma metodologia que tem inspiração na terapia filosófica wittgensteiniana. A análise é fundamentada na filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein, para a qual o gesto ostensivo é um instrumento linguístico que nos permite estabelecer uma ligação interna entre uma palavra e o objeto para o qual apontamos. Os resultados apontam que o gesto ostensivo pode favorecer a compreensão de conceitos matemáticos, na medida em que se configura como um meio de apresentação de convenções linguísticas que contribuem com a constituição do sentido do conceito a ser ensinado.
Aplicação de regras matemáticas na perspectiva wittgensteiniana da linguagem
Authors: Sousa Neto Pablo Roberto de
Published: December 2019

O presente texto tem o objetivo de apresentar a perspectiva wittgensteiniana acerca da aplicação de regras matemáticas. Para tanto, buscamos subsídios na segunda fase da filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein (2013), com o intuito de mostrar que as interpretações subjetivas que fazemos sobre as regras matemáticas muitas vezes são investigadas em detrimento da linguagem. O trabalho foi dividido em três partes. A primeira parte trata sobre a perspectiva da linguagem wittgensteiniana. Na segunda, discorremos o que Wittgenstein pensa sobre o treinamento de seres humanos, no sentido do exercício assistido das regras matemáticas. Por fim, na terceira parte, apresentamos as análises dos dados produzidos em situação de aprendizagem durante encontros realizados com estudantes.