bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESSORES FORMADORES DE LEITORES NA PERSPECTIVA DO PNLD LITERÁRIO
Authors: Ruggeri Meire Cristina Costa
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o ensino de literatura na prática pedagógica de professores da educação básica, buscando uma reflexão sobre a formação docente em decorrência da importância da formação literária de professores para garantir uma educação de qualidade para todos; bem como nas práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas em sala de aula. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, utilizamos bases teóricas fundamentadas em escritos científicos sobre o tema central, através de estudo bibliográfico, caracterização descritiva explicativa sobre o assunto e análise crítica. De acordo com o MEC, o programa PNLD literário, como política pública de promoção e formação de leitores, desenvolve ações que contribuem para formação do docente e para aprendizagem das crianças com vistas a promover simultaneamente a compreensão leitora e a fruição. Porém, o que podemos perceber é que a política de formação docente proposta ainda é falha, não atendendo as reais necessidades dos professores e das escolas no tange a formação de leitores.
Violencia digital y afectiva en redes sociales
Authors: Ortega Hernández Carmen Carolina , López Maldonado Norma Esther , Cabrera Gómez Teresa del Carmen
Published: October 2024

En la actualidad, la conectividad supone muchas ventajas para interactuar sin importar el lugar donde nos encontremos. Sin embargo, las redes sociales se convirtieron en un espacio donde proliferan diferentes formas de violencia digital y afectiva. Por lo tanto, estas acciones fomentan el acoso en el ciberespacio y establecen nuevas interacciones dentro de las redes sociales que pueden ser manipuladoras o dañinas emocionalmente. Estas acciones se relacionan con la anonimidad y la inmediatez de la información dentro de redes sociales. Tomando esto en cuenta, se analizó la percepción y el grado de conocimiento que poseen internautas del sur de México, sobre la violencia digital y afectiva en redes sociales y mensajería instantánea. Para esto se utilizó un enfoque mixto, de tipo exploratorio-transversal, mediante cuatro dimensiones: conocimiento, riesgo, exposición a la amenaza y concientización sobre mecanismos legales. Se identificó que la mayor parte de los usuarios interactúan en Facebook y WhatsApp. Por otro lado, los términos más reconocidos fueron stalking, ciberbullyng, ghosting, gossip, stalking, ciberbullyng, frexting, gromming y catfish. Adicionalmente, más la mitad de los participantes mencionaron que estuvieron expuestos a estos tipos de violencia. Sin en embargo, se detectó que los usuarios tienen una incidencia regular sobre el marco jurídico mexicano que resguarda los derechos en los ambientes virtuales.
Right to work under martial law: Legislative aspect in Ukraine
Authors: Cherevko Nataliia
Published: October 2024

The right to work is one of the fundamental human rights guaranteed by international documents and the constitutions of most countries, including Ukraine. However, the conditions and restrictions relating to the right to work under martial law may change. Due to the constant threat to Ukraine’s independence, as well as to the lives and health of its citizens, the regulation of labour relations is substantially different from peacetime, which requires scientific substantiation. The purpose of this study was to outline the key provisions of labour law relating to the person’s exercise of the right to work according to the social and legal vector of the state’s activities under the legal regime of martial law. The study demonstrated the significance of ensuring stability and security under martial law but emphasised the temporary nature of restrictive measures. The importance of maintaining a balance between the interests of employers and employees was substantiated, as well as the development of labour legislation to accommodate the specifics of the situation during a military conflict. Human rights may not be violated in either peacetime or wartime. On the contrary, the state should create conditions for the free development of labour and the fulfilment of human potential. Based on formal legal analysis of wartime legislation of Ukraine, comparison of various regulatory documents and scientific positions, the study highlighted the problematic aspects of observance of the constitutional right to work. The relevant conclusions were formulated, outlining the legal ways to achieve the balance of interests of employer and employee and proposals for improving the legislation were identified. The recommendations proposed in this study may be used by the legislator to improve the current labour legislation of Ukraine
Engaging Opacity
Authors: Markham Tim
Published: October 2024

The music streaming platform Spotify is sustained by a backend that goes largely unnoticed by users, from its algorithmic design and energy consumption to the way streamed artists are paid (or not). Counterintuitively, however, this chapter argues against an ethics of transparency and accountability regarding Spotify’s backend architecture. Drawing on recent work by Louise Amoore as well as Judith Butler’s reading of Spinozan ethics, the author concludes that opacity is fundamental to accountability. The partial knowability of Spotify’s history, design, and capacities is thus the essence of what it means to find oneself always already in an environment of which it is partially constitutive. Far from advocating ignorance, a phenomenological approach grounds an ontological understanding of media backends that is agile, self-generative, and above all ethical.
The Social Mapping of Hyperscale Data Center Regions
Authors: Mayer Vicki , Velkova Julia
Published: October 2024

Hyperscale data centers (HDCs) are extensions of Big Tech power. Located in the “backend” of media technical systems—the physical places through which digital data moves—these infrastructures come to the fore in the moments of their emplacement in particular sites where they become materially present in the ways people live and work there. This chapter examines how local officials, civic leaders, and workers in Hamina and Groningen “storify” Google HDCs through practices of placemaking, infrastructuring, and curating. The authors describe how these stakeholders narrate their towns’ identities in light of old social antagonisms and inequalities and argue that these storifying practices place Google in local social contexts that model both boosterism for and resistance to the political economy of global media infrastructures.
Cross-sectoral Relations in VoD Markets
Authors: Parthasarathi Vibodh , Bouquillion Philippe , Ithurbide Christine
Published: October 2024

This chapter captures the reconfigurations in India’s video on demand (VoD) business at three sites: at its frontend, in the loss in autonomy of traditional actors in the audiovisual industry; at its backend, in the interdependence between these actors and those in the digital infrastructures business; and at its deepend, in the constant machinations of the state. All this is exemplified in the rise of Reliance Jio, a telecommunication giant also offering VoD, in India’s wider digital economy. These reconfigurations are further visible in the integration of VoD with the cloud business, and the latter’s evolving regulatory framework. Responding to the presence of global cloud actors, we find the state protecting its own interests in a manner that reinforces Reliance Jio as a “national champion.”
Serving Machines and Heterotopias
Authors: Kaun Anne , Logsdon Alexis , Seuferling Philipp , Stiernstedt Fredrik
Published: October 2024

Prisons and refugee camps are rarely considered as sites of emerging forms of digital labor, but they have become crucial nodes in the digital economy and contribute in important ways to media backends. Examining prisons and refugee camps where digital piecework is conducted, this chapter argues that such work is essential for larger digitalization projects such as digital archives and record keeping as well as the production of training data for artificial intelligence and machine-learning projects. The chapter highlights the hidden character of the digital piecework that incarcerated and camp-based individuals conduct to develop, maintain, and backup digital media. It argues that incarcerated individuals and refugees are an important but largely invisible part of digital culture.
Sonorous Surfaces, Biased Backends
Authors: Lagerkvist Amanda , Smolicki Jacek , Tudor Matilda
Published: October 2024

Judging by their voices, smart home assistants are white, servile women. And historically, white femininity has represented the sonorous surfaces of automatons. As an exercise in existential media studies, this chapter sounds out how the biased backend reduces what it means to be human—and renegotiates “humanness”—through a specific gender politics in the realm of technological innovation. Engaging ideas about vocality as the center of our political and existential selves, the authors explore what happens when the essentially multivalent “voice” becomes entangled with technological assemblages of power, techno-utopianism, and patriarchal values. By alluding to femininity—the quintessential “Other” of the real human—our ever smarter and more autonomous home technologies are equally rendered harmless, reflecting back to Man his unthreatened position.
Introduction
Authors: Austin Michael
Published: October 2024

The introduction describes the Book of Mormon as a primarily narrative document and argues that one of its primary functions is to incorporate itself and the Bible into a new scriptural canon. It outlines the methodological assumptions of canonical criticism and explains how they will be applied to the Book of Mormon in the remainder of the book. It compares the narrative arc of the Bible to that of the Book of Mormon, emphasizing both the similarities that connect the two books to each other and the differences that emerge from the new Restoration canon.
Divided Kingdoms
Authors: Austin Michael
Published: October 2024

The chapter examines the division of the Book of Mormon people into two nations—the Nephites and the Lamanites—in ways that invoke the division of the Israelite people into the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah. In both cases, the divisions were arbitrary, not based on the original structures created by the patriarch (Jacob and Lehi), and split the people into warring factions that worked against the unity presumed in their original covenants with God. Understanding the tragic nature of the separation helps us see gestures towards pan-Lehite unity in the Book of Mormon comparable to the desire to reunite the Kingdom of David in the Old Testament.
Atonement in the Old Testament
Authors: Spackman T. Benjamin
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses several prominent atonement themes of the Old Testament as represented by key terms. These are the verbal, nominative, and derivative forms of (1) atone, (2) save, and (3) redeem. These terms—and their expanded usage in uniquely LDS scripture— are examined briefly through the lenses of diachronic/semantic shift, translation, and transformation/adaptation (through the King James Version) among Latter-day Saints. How and why did Latter-day Saint understanding or application of the ideas represented by these terms diverge from Israelite understandings?
Latter-day Saints and the Atonement in the New Testament
Authors: Huntsman Eric D.
Published: October 2024

While Book of Mormon theology is normative for Latter-day Saint understandings of atonement, the earliest Latter-day Saints came from Protestant backgrounds. Because of this, the New Testament provided them with their basic understanding of what constituted Jesus’s salvific work and how believers benefited from it. While Anselm, Abelard, and Aulén are known for proposing overarching atonement theories, New Testament authors actually provide a great variety of models beyond vicarious sacrifice and penal substitution. This chapter surveys these models chronologically and by author, suggesting how they often overlap with specific Latter-day Saint interpretations, including nonviolent models centering on reconciliation, participation, healing, and deification.
“He Shall Find Satisfaction Through His Knowledge”
Authors: Laughton Ariel Bybee
Published: October 2024

This chapter broadly surveys the major Christian theologies of atonement that developed between the first and thirteenth centuries CE and suggests some parallels to later Latter-day Saint soteriologies. With a wide variety of cultural contexts and theological concerns, early and medieval Christian thinkers produced a diverse body of writings concerning Christ’s salvific work that sometimes reiterated, sometimes revised, and sometimes rejected earlier precedent. Similarly, Latter-day Saint scripture and teachings display a variety of understandings of Christ’s atonement, many of which reflect the intellectual heritage of earlier Christianity.
“Atonement” in the Book of Mormon
Authors: Frederick Nicholas J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents an overview of how the concept of atonement is constructed throughout the nineteenth-century religious text known as the Book of Mormon. This chapter argues that there are three key ways atonement is understood: (1) as a means of speaking about the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ; (2) as a means of focusing on the divine personage performing the atonement; and (3) as a reference to Jesus’s experience in Gethsemane in which he bled “from every pore.” While the latter point is the least developed in the Book of Mormon, it has become the dominant interpretation of atonement in Latter-day Saint thought. This chapter argues that atonement in the Book of Mormon must be understood more broadly if readers are going to fully grasp what the book is attempting to convey in its different usages.
Enveloping Grace
Authors: Green Deidre Nicole
Published: October 2024

Feminist theologians argue that when pride is viewed as the fundamental sin, self-sacrificial love exemplified by Christ’s suffering on the cross is prescribed as the universal remedy. This is problematic for women who may already tend to be too self-sacrificing in relation to other people. For this reason, they argue that another redemptive model is needed for a self that is already too soluble. This chapter unpacks the feminist position and uses it to illuminate resources in the Latter-day Saint tradition for thinking about atonement in more expansive and less violent terms than traditional Christian theories of atonement have allowed for.
Performative Bodies
Authors: Pegg Carole
Published: October 2024

Chapter 1 Performative Bodies describes how Altai-Sayan peoples experience a series of performative bodies choreographed in the performance of place. A sonically embodied self-drone interweaves with relations of personhood that extend beyond the human body’s boundaries. Senses of self and traditional human-spirit relations of personhood are animated by a tuned physical body that produces “body-music.” Both self- and musical drones are based within a tripartite and multi-dimensional body and universe. It evaluates Severi’s chimera principle of choreographed performance, Mol’s work on the body multiple, Goffman’s concept of a frontstage body, Strathern’s plural bodily relations, Viveiros de Castro’s ontological perspectivism, and Blacking’s musical self-actualization. Performative human bodies are social, sensory, multi-souled, instrumental, traditional, with-spirit, landscaped and Indigenous. Musical instruments with human-style bodies have personhood, and the shaman’s supra-body is timbral.
With-Spirit Epic Performers
Authors: Pegg Carole
Published: October 2024

With-Spirit Epic Performers (Alt. eelü kaichy, Kh. eelïg khaijy) introduces the kai-khai person, a ritual specialist who is traditionally male and uses a timbre-centered vocal tone (khai or khai) for heroic epic performance. Epic lineages enable human apprenticeship for styles and respectful behavior. Narratives and khai-khai skills, gifted by spirit-owners and ancestors, propel performer and hero across the boundaries of worlds, time, sex, and gender. There, he re-balances social human and non-human relations, and re-establishes rhythmical transitions between night and day, the seasons, and constellational movements. In a contemporary performance event for global audiences, Elbek Kalkin gathers humans, ancestors, heroes, and spirit-owners of epic, word, and steed-instrument. Finally, the chapter describes the performer’s skillful use of sounds, ethno-poetics, and paralinguistics to create alternative worlds with musical and dramatic characters.
Shamanic Roads
Authors: Pegg Carole
Published: October 2024

Chapter 7. Shamanic Roads are spiritual pathways established by shamanic origins, bestowal of the shamanic gift, and power. This chapter compares traditional and contemporary initiation journeys and describes how shamans use song-chants, recitative, drone-partials vocal music and timbral sounds to create place in relation to spirit actors, nature, and landscape. It discusses the improvisational creativity of shamanic performances in combining these timbral sounds with vocalizations, spirit embodiment and mimesis; vibrations, spinning and seeing; and sonic modes of travel. Finally, a case study analyses the healing rituals (mental health, infertility, terminal illness) and reclamations of place of Altaian shaman Arzhan Közörökov when creating, opening, and unblocking a client’s road, noting that spirit actors are summoned and enlivened by vocal, instrumental, and bodily vibrations and that client contributions are necessary for healing.
Coda
Authors: Pegg Carole
Published: October 2024

The Coda demonstrates how the book’s multiple voices contribute to contemporary debates in social anthropology, ethnomusicology and religion including agency, sound, and silence; place, movement and belonging; performance and performativity; body, self, and personhood; ritual practices; shamanism and animism; the multi-/ extra-sensory; nomadic landscapes; Indigeneity; cultural ownership; holism, perspectivism and the ontological turn. It suggests that if we listen to Altai-Sayan musical drones, tones and timbres within the framework of ontological musicality and sonicality with its stable yet dynamic self-drone, partials of personhood that create kinship relations with all living energies of the universe, and performative actions that mediate the oppositions of movement and place, sameness and difference, we could all benefit at a time when our peoples, nature and planet are so much in need.
The Private Investment Era
Authors: Susca Margot
Published: October 2024

This chapter explains the private investment era, a twenty-year period that reveals the power hedge funds and private equity firms have had in the newspaper market. Hedge funds typically focus on short-term transactions often for a select group of wealthy investors, and private equity looks at longer-term investments with firms frequently installing their own management in the private businesses they buy, often using a majority of borrowed or outside financing to make acquisitions. Tim Hoiles and his family reached a deal in 2003 to sell Freedom Communications, a case study that shows how investment fund strategies would work in the newspaper marketplace. It also is a case study in how institutional investor influence would leave a newspaper company vulnerable to hedge fund ownership.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Susca Margot
Published: October 2024

In 2007 $20 billion was spent to acquire newspapers. Efforts to maximize profits and decisions made in deference to private investment firms and institutional investors eager to strip newspaper company profits takes us to the second feature of the private investment era: mergers and acquisitions. Bullied by private equity firms operating as institutional investors or owners at major chains, corporate newspapers sought mergers and acquisitions as the overarching strategy to handle the loss of advertising revenue and the inevitable digital transition. This chapter considers the last twenty years of M&A at major newspaper chains as it demonstrates the digital transition that never materialized as a result of private equity pressure. It also shows how local ownership shifted.
Blood Terrorists
Authors: Wohl Patrick
Published: October 2024

Penny Pullen is appointed by President Ronald Reagan as one of 13 members to a national commission to address the AIDS epidemic. In the legislature, Pullen passed a number of controversial bills on the virus that draw the ire of activists and the medical community alike. One law forces newlyweds to be tested for HIV and send their results to the state, an endeavor that is eventually repealed after becoming a national embarrassment. Pullen’s fellow commissioners are a motley crew and mostly unqualified to deal with the AIDS epidemic. On the most central element of the commission’s report – a non-discrimination proposal – she opposes.
Dimpled Chads
Authors: Wohl Patrick
Published: October 2024

Penny Pullen is convinced by a close friend not to throw in the towel. Both candidates recruit talented legal help and a recount battle ensues. Each team spends days in a decrepit warehouse paying close attention to every ballot counted. After all is said and done, the race is tied.
The Time of Work
Authors: Bruno Robert
Published: October 2024

In chapter 1, work is measured and encapsulated in time. Workers’ notions of time were conveyed in nearly every statement they made. Essays revealed that in work, past, present, and future coexisted. A person’s labor can be thought of as a mere exchange for an immediate gain, but it also has a legacy component and is an investment meant to be realized at a later date—a down payment on the future. Hour to hour, day to day, shift to shift, assignment to assignment a person’s labor is appropriated. Time and work are used and thereby used up. Labor transcended time and set expectations. Every worker thought they would always have to work. In this way, workers’ conception of time was collapsed.
Work’s Impact
Authors: Bruno Robert
Published: October 2024

The impact of labor, or what it does to a person and society, is profound and the subject of chapter 3. Work disables and abuses. It exhausts, stresses, and ultimately kills. It also invigorates, inspires, satisfies, and brings joy. In this chapter the diverse impacts of work are described in the following categorical ways: work produces meaning, work exacts a cost, and work creates and enhances life. The physical, mental, and emotional effect of their labor on themselves and others was a conditional state of existence that workers had to constantly navigate. Work’s impact was not uniform. It was good, bad, and ugly. Human consciousness, as well as body, nature, and society, are made by and influence the work a person does.
A Labor History of Contingent Faculty
Authors: Fure-Slocum Eric
Published: October 2024

This introduction frames the volume, underscoring its design as a labor history of contingent faculty, outlining themes found in the book, and reviewing the existing literature. After an overview of the recent history and contemporary landscape of contingency in higher education—noting especially the prevalence of precarious faculty positions in colleges and universities today—this essay explains the volume’s three-part structure, built around structural analyses of how political economy and social inequalities shape work in higher education, close descriptions of the complexities and everyday experiences of contingent faculty, and accounts of collective action and organizing. The essay concludes by asking about impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the context in which this volume was written.
From the Margins to the Center
Authors: Rhoades Gary
Published: October 2024

Reviewing the past half century, this chapter traces the relationship of contingent and adjunct faculty (and graduate and postdoc employee) organizing to that of academic employee organizing in general. The storyline is of employees who were previously on the margins of the academic labor movement who have moved to the center. The chapter highlights the intersection of racism/sexism/genderism with academic capitalism, exploring a theory of racialized/gendered occupational restructuring. This maps on to how academic employees are creatively and aggressively negotiating a new academy by organizing new bargaining units and negotiating collective bargaining agreements that address the pressing demands of progressive labor and social movements. Finally, the chapter speaks to possibilities in organizing and negotiating, offering paths to a more transformative new academy.
Contingency across Higher Education
Authors: Doe Sue , Shulman Steven
Published: October 2024

This chapter provides new evidence about trends and explanations for contingent faculty hiring across different types of colleges and universities. Cross-tabulations use federal data on higher education from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), the major federal database on higher education. This data is supplemented with reporting on the experiences of contingency across institutional types as described in the published literature and on-the-ground eyewitness sources. This combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches demonstrates the differences between claimed and real costs of contingency. Budgetary necessity, the most common reason given for contingent hiring, is assessed alongside the costs asserted by people experiencing contingency. Findings suggest that while contingency varies across institutional type, the challenging working conditions faced by contingent faculty generally do not.
Framing Part II
Authors: Loiselle Aimee
Published: October 2024

This essay describes the experiences of an adjunct professor as she started to distinguish the different situations of contingent faculty on her campus. Loiselle also investigates how austerity in Massachusetts has forced community colleges to manipulate funding practices to do more teaching and advising with less money. Adjunct professors bear the worst exploitation, including the abrupt cutting of semester-by-semester contracts. As she neared completion of her PhD, the department—which could not offer a tenure-track position—decided to reduce her sections, phasing her out and making the transition to a more indefinitely available adjunct.
Social Dirt, Liminality, and the Adjunct Predicament
Authors: Raymond Claire
Published: October 2024

Building on Mary Douglas’ theory of dirt, this chapter develops an original theory of social dirt, a permutation on the post-structural theory of abjection. Social dirt is the smear placed across adjunct professors, an unspoken belief that adjuncts do not deserve better compensation, job stability, or voice within the university. Adjunctification creates the illusion that adjuncts stand outside the bounds of social propriety in academia. Liminality and social death intersect with gender through the soft violence of unacknowledged loopholes, preventing adjuncts from accessing agency in the academy. Poverty and employment uncertainty are key material aspects of adjunct dispossession. The chapter briefly anchors in the author's experience as a Research-1 university non-tenure-track lecturer, leveraging personal observation to explore the original thesis about the adjunct predicament.
Framing Part III
Authors: Wiegard Anne
Published: October 2024

Motivated by the oppressive contingent employment practices afflicting academics, the author became a delegate in her diverse wall-to-wall union local, United University Professions, and a co-founder of New Faculty Majority. This narrative summarizes an unforeseen activist trajectory of intersectional organizing that required innovation, compromise, diplomacy, and cross-constituency, and cross-organizational solidarity. Taking on leadership roles and positions to build a political base, she used the inside/outside, power-leveraging strategy and exploited opportunities to accomplish important goals, such as contractual gains for SUNY’s adjunct faculty and improved national access to unemployment compensation. During the many years of this rewarding struggle, the author was inspired by remarkable leaders who shared their power and by the perseverance of other activists whose unsung sacrifices she considers indispensable to progress.
Graduate Worker Organizing and the Challenges of Precarity in Higher Education
Authors: Schuhrke Jeff
Published: October 2024

As the number of tenure and tenure-track faculty positions declines, graduate employees are taking on increasingly heavy workloads. Despite providing essential labor for universities, they receive poverty wages and few benefits as precarious workers, while suffering depression and anxiety at high rates. While graduate workers at public universities have successfully unionized in several states for over 50 years, there has been an explosion in graduate worker organizing since 2016, when the National Labor Relations Board ruled that student employees at private universities have collective bargaining rights. This chapter explores the history, challenges, and prospects of graduate worker unions in the context of increasing precarity in higher education. It particularly examines the 2019 graduate worker strike at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
The “Army of Temps” in the House of Labor
Authors: Griffey Trevor
Published: October 2024

By analyzing California’s public higher education system, this chapter explains why labor unions have largely failed to prevent the de-professionalization of college teachers or provide their members with anything close to equal pay for equal work. It celebrates job security protections won by faculty unions at different California school systems, while identifying how low wages and high workloads have limited those victories. It argues that labor unions at public colleges and universities cannot achieve transformative bargaining victories within an undemocratic and punitive political economy. It concludes that faculty need to organize more aggressively to challenge anti-tax politics and to redirect public funds from policing and prisons to schools.
Casualization in the United Kingdom
Authors: Parfitt Steven
Published: October 2024

Contingent academic labor is as much a problem in the UK as in the US. This chapter traces the development of casual (contingent) labor at British universities over the past three decades, the political decisions that accelerated this development, and, in particular, the resistance by contingent academic workers and others to the decline of labor standards in British academia. It especially looks at the evolution of the union which claims to speak for all academics, regardless of their permanency (or impermanency) – the University and College Union. The chapter then traces the growth of “anti-casualisation” as an issue within the union, the development of informal organizations among contingent faculty in the last ten years and their interaction with widespread industrial action across UK campuses since 2018.
How the Isolation of Contingency Undermines the Public Good of Education
Authors: Goldstene Claire
Published: October 2024

Isolation shapes the experience of contingent faculty in multiple and intersecting ways. Physical isolation, where tenured and contingent faculty occupy segregated spaces, is a corporeal reminder of one’s status; intellectual isolation, where contingents are not considered full members of their departments, diminishes engagement with intellectual life on campus and in their field; and political isolation takes the form of self-blame – where being contingent represents personal failure in a system built around dubious claims to meritocracy. Collectively, this isolation masks the larger social effects at play in the growth of temporary faculty – namely, education’s public purpose and its meaning. Creating a cadre of economically insecure faculty undermines tenure and, thus, academic freedom. The isolation of contingency, finally, is about controlling what happens inside the classroom.
Speed Capital
Authors: Ingrassia Brian M.
Published: October 2024

This book uses the Indianapolis Motor Speedway—built in the early 1900s by several automotive enthusiasts including auto-parts tycoon Carl Graham Fisher—to explore the cultural meanings of automobility in modern America. Auto racing was a means by which Americans learned how to embrace the benefits of cars and well-paved highways. If capitalism is based on the annihilation of space, as Karl Marx once argued, then auto racing was the process by which space annihilation was made legible and consumable. This book takes the story of Indianapolis and its famous speedway from the city’s founding in the early 1800s through the industrial age, the Progressive Era, and into the time of the World Wars and the Great Depression. In the post-World War I era, Indianapolis auto racing became a legendary activity that was as valuable for its ability to annihilate temporal space (between past and present) as it was for its ability to annihilate geographical space (between distant points). By also examining Carl Fisher’s other major ventures, including the Lincoln and Dixie Highways, as well as the development of Miami Beach (Florida), Speedway City (Indiana), and Montauk (New York), this book examines the larger cultural significance of motor sport while also showing how Indianapolis virtually imagined itself as the Crossroads of America, the nation’s central place.
Brick Description
Authors: Ingrassia Brian M.
Published: October 2024

The introduction analyzes early-1900s auto racing as a form of technoscientific sport, in which Americans learned how to embrace automobility as spectators and as consumers. It discusses the book’s methodology, especially Clifford Geertz’s idea of thick description. The introduction unpacks the meanings of the early years of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in relation to scholarship on Progressive Era America, the Midwest, popular culture, and sport history.
Crossroads of America
Authors: Ingrassia Brian M.
Published: October 2024

This chapter shows how Indianapolis was created in the 1800s as the capital of Indiana, a midwestern state (based on land taken from Native Americans) that quickly industrialized by the late 1800s, especially in the area known as the Gas Belt. The city was landlocked, and so Hoosiers used innovative technologies like railroads, bicycles, streetcars, and interurbans to connect themselves to distant places. The city even spawned an important automotive industry—including headlamp manufacturer Prest-O-Lite, owned by Carl Fisher—which helped Indiana rival Henry Ford’s Michigan as a major automotive urban center.
Just Call It the “500”
Authors: Ingrassia Brian M.
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines the Indianapolis Motor Speedway’s struggles to survive the Great Depression of the 1930s, when the oval created new traditions and assumed legendary status. These invented traditions included the Borg-Warner Trophy and the champion’s drinking of milk in victory lane, both of which debuted in 1936. This was also a time when American transportation and communications infrastructure became solidified, especially through better highways that were modeled in part on automotive speedways.
Tradition Never Stops
Authors: Ingrassia Brian M.
Published: October 2024

The final chapter shows how the speedway fell into disrepair during World War II and was nearly bulldozed. Instead, Terre Haute businessman Tony Hulman bought the oval at the urging of Wilbur Shaw and completed the facility’s transformation into a global icon for lucrative sport nostalgia. In the postwar era, Indianapolis created a metro government known as Unigov and embraced a postmodern and postindustrial urban identity based as much on sport and cultural representations as on industrial production. The chapter shows how gender, race, and class continue to shape the experience of competitors and fans at auto race events.
The 1940s
Authors: Miller Leta E.
Published: October 2024

In 1944, the AFM abolished all subsidiaries. In most cases members of these subsidiaries did not become full members of the white local, however; rather, the AFM formed new segregated Black locals. In San Francisco, Black musicians requested to remain as a subsidiary, apparently hoping that they would eventually be taken in as full members of Local 6. Instead, a new Black local (no. 669) formed. Pressure began to mount in the mainstream press for the AFM to eliminate all segregated locals and merge the dual locals in the fifty or so cities where they existed. Although subsidiaries had been eliminated, racial tensions continued to be a thorn in the side of the AFM. One representative example was Miami, where the white local’s attempts to prevent musicians from Black Local 690 from appearing in a jazz concert led to the cancellation of an entire popular series, to the loss of all involved. Matters were slowly improving, however, one notable example being a lawsuit initiated by singer and welder Joseph James that resulted in a landmark decision by the California Supreme Court abolishing “auxiliary” Black locals (similar to the AFM’s subsidiaries) in the Boilermakers’ union.
Mean Girl Feminism
Authors: Nguyen Kim Hong
Published: October 2024

Mean girl feminism names a kind of white feminism that encourages girls and women to achieve equality to men by being bitchy, sassy, sarcastic, and ironic as feminist performance. White womanhood is recognizable as the epitome of effective female complaint, but white mean girl feminism is racialized performativity that co-opts the affect, content, and form of racialized oppression and protest. This book examines four tropes of white mean girl feminism prominent in North American media and popular culture: the bitch, the mean girl, the power couple, and the global mother. Feminist performance of these figures promises women empowerment as access to imperialist, white supremacist, capitalist cis-heteropatriarchical power, but an authentically intersectional feminism is still possible.
Global Mother Feminism
Authors: Nguyen Kim Hong
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines media discourse concerning former First Lady Laura Bush, known for her mild, nice demeanor, and Alaska governor Sarah Palin, who performs a polarizing mean girl, to show that feminism minimizes its antagonism toward white politically conservative women to facilitate political embourgeoisement and the expansion of white biopower. By considering how Bush, Palin, and other politically conservative women perform global motherhood in ways compatible with feminist values and commitments, the chapter demonstrates that feminism is more concerned with white women’s entry into politics than it is with the effects of their politics on people of color. Emblematic of contemporary feminism’s shift away from a politics of solidarity and community and toward a nonperformative politics, the global mother as feminist is seen as a better, more encompassing master because she extends white biopower by speaking both for her own gendered interest and for the racialized women of the world.
Freeze-Framing Queerness
Authors: Patterson Eleanor
Published: October 2024

Chapter 3 traces how female pleasure and sexuality became articulated with video tape trading and collecting in fan communities dedicated to US buddy cop television shows, like Starsky & Hutch, in the late 1970s and 1980s. This chapter begins by first by providing an overview of the emergence of tape trading in television fandoms, which is further built on in Chapters 4 and 5. This is followed by an outline of the role of tape recording in the buddy cop fan community, and the relationship between tape trading, rewatching and making sense of a television show’s meaning. I end this chapter by considering the ways in which the informal distribution of Starsky & Hutch television episodes on video tape made debates about queer meaning possible.
Introduction
Authors: Renihan Colleen , Spilker John , Wright Trudi
Published: October 2024

This chapter highlights the urgency for caring, now, in higher-education music. It advances a broad definition of care pedagogy rooted in interdisciplinary scholarship of teaching and learning and inextricably linked to intersectional equity. In addition to exploring its inherent value, the authors also explore the complications of care-based work, including ways it creates burden and precarity for minoritized students and colleagues. Foundations for care pedagogy are drawn from Nel Noddings, Paulo Freire, bell hooks, William Cheng, Parker Palmer, critical and inclusive pedagogy (Frank Tuitt et al.), disability activism (Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha), and mindfulness in higher education. The chapter concludes with an overview of each chapter. The book’s organization mirrors a broader arc that teaching and learning might follow; notably, starting inside the classroom, moving outward to redefine and transgress boundaries, and moving inward, caring together for students and colleagues.
Reenchanting Music History
Authors: Haefeli Sara
Published: October 2024

This chapter proposes a reenchantment of the study of music history by connecting historical musics to the embodied communities that created them. It first discusses the disenchanting problems with traditional music history curricula. Second, it suggests ways to value multiple modes of knowing and being in the classroom, including a middle stance between objective cognition and subjective experience called loving-as-knowing. Third, the chapter offers a case study that demonstrates a more embodied and contextualized study that might inspire loving-as-knowing. Finally, it closes with a proposal to consider what kind of human beings we want to support through our curricula, rather than simply what kind of content we hope to teach. When students feel that they can bring their whole, authentic selves to the study of music, they feel cared for, and when students feel cared for, they are more likely to learn.
Public Musicology as Care, or How Should We Respond When the Duke of Mantua Tells Us That All Women Are Fickle?
Authors: Everett William A. , Magarotto Matteo
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores how care ethics and care pedagogy can be applied in the realm of public musicology. It offers ideas, rationales, and cautions on how to present difficult material to general audiences in contexts such as preperformance talks. The chapter also offers some specific strategies for discussing issues of gender and “othering” in the standard operatic repertory. Works discussed include Rigoletto, Die Entführung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio), Carmen, and Madama Butterfly.
Curriculum Changing Culture
Authors: Langfitt Nathan A.
Published: October 2024

This chapter looks at the mental health issues that are unique to postsecondary music students through the lens of a therapist who was embedded within a school of music at a large university. A brief review of published literature on the topic of music-student mental health is provided, as well as a discussion on specific risk factors that are often inherent pieces of the music-school experience. The author then advocates for systemic changes needed to improve music-student mental health to come from the faculty and curriculum of the institution.
Epilogue
Authors: Renihan Colleen , Spilker John , Wright Trudi
Published: October 2024

Forms of inequity made freshly and painfully visible and felt by the COVID-19 pandemic only magnify the relevance and urgency of care and kindness in our pedagogy. In March 2020, most faculty and administrators suddenly centered care in their teaching practices. The authors argue for the timeliness of a pedagogical approach rooted in care, and express the concern that the scarcity model of neoliberal university culture may force care back to the periphery. The interdependency of the personal and the professional constitutes one of the ways we understand radical care as social justice in education.
The Paradox of Connection
Authors: Bossio Diana , Bélair-Gagnon Valérie , Holton Avery E.
Published: October 2024

The Paradox of Connection addresses crucial questions about journalists’ media work in dynamic social media environments through a framework of online connection and disconnection. The focus of the book is the exploration of how journalists’ practices of connection and disconnection in social media environments are formed, negotiated, and maintained. This book argues that journalists’ pursuit of online and social media connection with audiences has resulted in new work practices, new efficiencies in production, and new forms of reporting. But for all the new and innovative forms of online connection that have changed journalism practice, there are also material effects on journalists and their work. Journalists’ interactions with the technological, social, and cultural features of online and social media environments, paired with the related values and competencies of journalistic work, have influenced new online work practices. These new online work practices are largely based on tactics for online connection and disconnection, which both shape and respond to the many complexities of working in dynamic and fast-changing media environments. Using case studies, policy analysis, and interviews with journalists themselves, the book shows how journalists respond to technical, organizational, and institutional influences on work practices in social media environments and their implications for relationships with audiences and, more broadly, with their traditional professional identities and norms.
Introduction
Authors: Bossio Diana , Bélair-Gagnon Valérie , Holton Avery E. , Molyneux Logan
Published: October 2024

The Paradox of Connection highlights how journalists use strategies of connection and disconnection to mediate the impact of social media on their professional practice, purpose, and identity. The introduction presents the term “paradoxical” to highlight the often nuanced nature of journalists’ online labor. We argue that for all the new and innovative forms of online connection changing journalism, this dynamic and increasingly complex news environment often has material impacts on journalists themselves. This has led to development of connection and disconnection practices that help journalists to foster safer and more productive forms of online connection rather than simply turning away from professional social media use altogether.
Journalism and the Paradox of Connection
Authors: Bossio Diana , Bélair-Gagnon Valérie , Holton Avery E. , Molyneux Logan
Published: October 2024

Chapter 1, “Journalism and the Paradox of Connection,” focuses on defining forms of connection--commercial, professional, and civic--that have emerged from journalists’ work on social media. This chapter shows how individual mediation of the potential influence of social media and its impact on journalists have led to a number of different professional strategies for connection online. Increasing professionalization of social media spaces has encouraged journalists and news organizations to present an always-on presence alongside the representation of an “authentic” online persona and more intimate engagement with audiences. Journalists, like other media workers, have also constructed and maintained professional online personas that brand their news reportage and themselves. Some journalists have incorporated more reciprocal forms of online connection with audiences, mediating their online personas with professional purpose.