bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Fats, Minerals and Semen Quality and Quantity among Men Attending a Fertility Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Rahimlou Mehran , Sohaei Sara , Salehi-Sahlabadi Ammar , Nouri Mehran
Published: October 2022

Background: At least 50% of infertile couple's problems are related to male factor infertility and in many patients; nutritional problems have been related to decreased sperm quality. Thus, the present study aims to examine the association of dietary fat and mineral intake with semen quantity and quality.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 175 infertile men in Isfahan Infertility and Fertility Center, Iran.  Dietary intake of all patients was evaluated by validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and semen analysis was performed by standard protocol. Linear and quartile regression were used to determine the association of dietary fat and mineral intake with semen related factors.
Results: There was a positive association between the sperm total count with iron (Fe) (Ptrend = 0.03), zinc (Zn) (Ptrends= 0.02), and selenium (Se) (Ptrend = 0.001). Men in the highest quartile of Zn and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) had higher sperm density (P < 0.05). Levels of Zn and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in participant's diet were also negatively related to DNA damage (Ptrend = 0.01 for Zn and Ptrend = 0.04 for DHA). Higher intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) was associated with lower sperm density (Ptrend = 0.02) and higher intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) was associated with higher sperm totality (Ptrend = 0.02).
Conclusion: In this preliminary cross-sectional study, diets containing higher amounts of Fe, Zn, Se, MUFA, and DHA and lower amounts of SFA were associated with more favourable semen quality parameters.
Vitamins and Stomach Cancer: A Hospital Based Case-Control Study in Iran
Authors: Toorang Fatemeh , Narmcheshm Saba , Sasanfar Bahareh , Amini Neda , Hadji Maryam , Mortazavi Mahshid , Zendehdel Kazem
Published: October 2022

Background: This study investigated the association between vitamins intakes and risk of gastric cancer (GC) among Iranian population.
Methods:In this hospital-based case-control study, 178 pathologically confirmed GC patients and 276 healthy controls were interviewed to answer a valid diet history questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression, in which potential confounders were taken into account, was applied to determine the association of vitamin intakes and odds of GC in total population and in stratums of body mass index (BMI), helicobacter pylori (H-pylori) infection, and smoking.
Results: GC was directly associated with vitamin D (OR 1.59; CI 95% 1.07, 2.36) and cobalamin (OR 1.25; CI 95% 1.08, 1.44). Thiamin (OR 0.50; 95%CI 0.30, 0.83), pantothenic acid (OR 0.71; 95%CI 0.58, 0.87), folate (OR 0.99; 95%CI 0.99, 0.99) and vitamin E (OR 0.98; 95%CI 0.96, 0.99) were inversely associated with GC. In 231 H-pylori infected participants, consumption of thiamin (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.59, 0.86), pyridoxine (OR 0.52; 95%CI 0.31, 0.85), and folate (OR 0.99; 95%CI 0.99, 0.99) reduced GC risk. In H-pylori negative participants, only vitamin­ E (OR 0.96; 95%CI 0.93, 0.99) reduced the risk and vitamin D (OR 1.99; 95%CI 1.18, 3.36), riboflavin (OR 1.91; 95%CI 1.37, 2.66), pantothenic acid(OR 1.34; 95%CI 1.13, 1.64), biotin (OR 1.03; 95%CI 1.01, 1.05), and cobalamin (OR 1.36; 95%CI 1.13, 1.64) increased the risk. In BMI stratums, only vitamin D (OR 1.81; 95%CI 1.07, 3.08) was associated with the risk of GC among normal weight participants. Vitamin E was associated with lower risk of GC in ever smokers (OR 0.97; 95%CI 0.95, 0.99) and thiamin (OR 0.41; 95%CI 0.19, 0.86) and niacin (OR 0.93; 95%CI 0.87, 0.99) were associated with lower risk in never smokers. Positive associations were observed by increasing vitamin D (OR 2.08; 95%CI 1.12, 3.85) and cobalamin (OR 1.33; 95%CI 1.08, 1.65) in never smokers.
Conclusion: This study provided support for a possible protective effect of vitamin E, thiamin, pantothenic acid, and folate on GC risk. Vitamin D and cobalamin intake increased the risk.
Impacts of Malaria on Severe Anemia in Children Aged 6-23 Months Old from the Rural District of Kongoussi, Burkina Faso
Authors: Nawidimbasba Zeba Augustin , Hermann Zosé Ouedraogo , Alain Hien
Published: October 2022

Background: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the population attributable risk (PAR) of severe anemia among children aged 6-23 months in the rural district of Kongoussi, in Burkina Faso.
Methods: Socio-demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and biological data were collected from children and mothers.
Results: In total, 671 children were included in the analysis, 50.4% of whom were male and 97.8% were breastfed. Only 5.8% of the children had adequate complementary feeding, 25.8% were wasted, and 23.5% stunted. Malaria affected about half (50.8%) of children; 39.3% had mild malaria and 11.5% had severe malaria. Children who were no longer breastfed were more likely to have malaria [OR = 3.98 (1.11-14.2), P = 0.022] than those who were breastfed. Fever in the last fortnight [OR = 1.49 (1.07-2.08), P = 0.019], current fever [OR = 4.30 (2.39-7.76), P < 0.001], and presence of splenomegaly [OR = 2.68 (1.54-4.67), P < 0.001] were also positively associated with malaria. Anemia and severe anemia had a prevalence of 96.8% and 24.4%, respectively, and were associated with both mild and severe malaria. Body mass index of mothers [OR = 1.82 (1.06-3.12), P = 0.029], diarrhea in the last fortnight [OR = 1.70 (1.06-2.71), P = 0.027], stunting [OR = 1.54 (1.01-2.34), P = 0.045], and splenomegaly [OR = 2.93 (1.70-5.06), P = 0.045] were other independent factors associated with severe anemia. The PARs of severe anemia due to mild and severe malaria were 22.1% (6.1%-35.4%) and 22.0% (11.6%-27.7%), respectively.
Conclusion: Given the high frequency of anemia and severe anemia in this rural malaria-endemic area, interventions are required that consider the important contribution of malaria to anemia and aim to prevent infection.
The Effect of Quercetin on Stress Oxidative Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Vasmehjani Ahmadi Azam , Yaghoubi Fatemeh , Darabi Zahra , Abdollahi Nooshin , Sangsefidi Zohreh Sadat , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
Published: October 2022

Background: Quercetin is one of the main flavonoids, overall distributed in plants. The antioxidant capacity of quercetin is several times vitamin E and glutathione. This systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials were performed to determine the effect of quercetin on oxidative stress (OS) markers.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to February of 2021. Meta-analysis was conducted on 8 eligible RCTs containing a total of 668 participants. The weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated for a pool effect size of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP). Subgroup analyses were performed based on intervention duration and dosage. The heterogeneity of studies was examined by Cochran's Q test and I-squared (I2) statistic.
Results: Effect sizes from 668 participants based on the random effect model showed that quercetin supplementation had no significant effect on TAC and MDA compared to the control group. The analysis illustrated that quercetin supplementation significantly increased FRAP in adults (WMD = -0.159 mmol/l, 95% confidence interval (CI):-0.178, -0.141, P ≤ 0.001).
Conclusions: The finding of the current study showed that quercetin supplementation had no significant effect on TAC levels, although it significantly increased FRAP levels in adults. Also, MDA level did not markedly change. It has needed to conduct clinical trials with more quality and bigger sample sizes to verify the positive impact of quercetin on stress oxidative marker.
The Effect of Dark Chocolate on C-Reactive Protein Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Yaghoubi Fatemeh , Darabi Zahra , Vasmehjani Azam Ahmadi , Sangsefidi Zohreh Sadat , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
Published: October 2022

Background: This systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of dark chocolate on C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels as one of the inflammatory factors.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to April of 2020. The registration number of study in PROSPERO was CRD4202020072, which was conducted over 5 eligible RCTs containing a total of 330 participants. The weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for the pool effect size of CRP. The heterogeneity of studies was examined by Cochran's Q test and I-squared (I2) statistic.
Results: Effect sizes from 330 participants based on random effect model showed no effect between consumption of dark chocolate on CRP levels compared to the control group (WMD: 0.01 mg/dl; 95% CI: −0.19, 0.22 mg/dl; P = 0.89; Cochran's Q test, Q statistic = 21.97; P < 0.001; I2 = 81.80%). The results of subgroup analysis based on intervention duration and dosage showed no significant effect on CRP levels (WMD = 0.05 mg/dl, 95% CI: −0.30, 0.42 mg/dl; P = 0.76).  Meta-regression for the intervention duration (slope: −0.0033, 95% CI: −0.0089, 0.0022; P = 0.24) and dosage (slope: 0.00006, 95% CI: −0.0036, 0.0037; P = 0.97) indicated no significant relationship with the mean difference of CRP.
Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis showed that consuming dark chocolate had no significant effect on the CRP level. More clinical trials are required with higher quality and bigger sample sizes to verify the positive impact of dark chocolate on the reduction CRP level.
Spatial Analysis of Social Vulnerability to Earthquake Hazard in Bengkulu City
Authors: Lestari Della Ayu , Susiloningtyas Dewi
Published: October 2022

As a province on Sumatera's west coast, Bengkulu is prone to earthquakes. The region lies on the meeting of the Indo-Australian Plate, the Eurasian Plate, and the Sumatra Fault. Additionally, it is affected by the Mentawai Fault. Various attempts were made to reduce the impact of an earthquake, for instance, by identifying the region's vulnerability. Variables used in this study were based on Social Vulnerability Index (SOVI) by Susan L. Cutter, such as the number of people working in the informal sector and the population density to determine exposure. Other variables in the index include the proportions of vulnerable age population, impermanent houses to determine sensitivity, wealthy households, high school graduates and above, and social capital to determine adaptive capacity. This research aimed to map the vulnerability of the region. It followed social indicators connected to the Peak Ground Acceleration of â‰¥ 5.0 RS earthquake in 2000-2015. The overlay approach and scoring were used to conduct this village-based study. If the regions were farther from the city center, vulnerability levels tended to be lower; the south is an exception. The research also found an interesting pattern of vulnerability levels to earthquakes. The vulnerability level in the high PGA region was high and very high when the magnitude ranged between 5.0 and 5.9 RS. Meanwhile, the region's vulnerability was high and very high in the low PGA region if the magnitude reached 6.0 to 7.9 RS.
Characteristics of Carbonate Facies and Depositional Environment of Tapak Formation in the Ajibarang Area, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Praptisih - , Putra Purna Sulastya , Nugroho Septriono Hari
Published: October 2022

The limestone of Tapak Formation is well exposed in the Ajibarang area and its surroundings, Central Java, Indonesia. Very intensive mining activity is a very serious threat to this limestone. Hitherto, the geological study on this limestone is still very limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of these limestone facies and their sedimentation. This research consists of field and laboratory (petrography and micropaleontology) analysis. The results showed that the limestone of the Tapak Formation consisted of three facies: planktonic packstone, algal foraminifera packstone, and foraminifera algal packstone. Planktonic packstone facies are composed of bioclastic fragments in a micro matrix. The fragments were dominated by planktonic foraminifera consisting of a genus of Globigerina, Globigerinoides, Globorotalia, and Orbulina. Benthic foraminifera and radiolarians were also identified. Sedimentation from planktonic packstone facies was estimated to occur in the deep marine environment. Algal foraminiferal packstone facies are composed of bioclastic fragments in a micro matrix. Large algae and large foraminifera dominated the fragments. Algae were from the type of red algae, consisting of Lithophyllum, Corallina, and Rhodolite. Foraminiferal algal packstone and algal foraminiferal packstone that were observed in the studied area were characterized by the abundance of large foraminifera and interpreted to be deposited in the upper reef slope. We interpreted that the limestone in the study area was deposited in the upper reef slope to the lower reef slope environments. We hope that the information we provided here is useful for petroleum system study in Central Java, Indonesia.
Discriminating Geographical Origin of Cashew Nuts Based on the Combination of Multi-elements and Chemical Component Analysis
Authors: Setiyono Rahmat , Sukartiko Anggoro C. , Supartono Wahyu
Published: October 2022

This study aims to distinguish Indonesian cashew nutsâ€™ geographical origin based on their elemental profiles and chemical composition. Nine elements and five chemical components of cashew nut samples were analyzed. The profiles of four micro-elements, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, and five macro elements, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, of Indonesian cashew nuts were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Simultaneously, the chemical components of moisture, ash, total protein, total fat, and carbohydrate contents were measured using the AOAC standard. The combination of elemental profiles was then analyzed with a scatterplot matrix diagram and a multivariate statistical technique, Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA). Inter-region discrimination among four major Indonesian cashew nuts producers was achieved by applying CDA. Sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and total protein were the best descriptors for cashew nuts origin. According to the findings, the most abundant element in cashew nuts is potassium (K), followed by magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) (Ca). Fat is the most abundant chemical composition in cashew nuts at the same time. Potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) concentrations showed major regional variations. On the other hand, zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) are two micro-elements that may help identify the origin of cashew nut samples. The use of a Canonical Discriminant Analysis scatters plot to visualize the origin of Indonesian cashew nut samples was less successful based on micro-element concentrations. The CDA scatter plot application based on macroelements, and the CDA scatter plot application based on a mixture of micro- and macro-elements produced better results than the CDA scatter plot application based on micro-elements. Furthermore, the best visual separation was achieved using a CDA scatter plot based on a combination of elemental profiles and protein concentration. For a complete characterization of cashew nuts, further research with a large number of samples is needed.
Adaptive Phase Error Suppression Concerning 3D surface Deformation Measurement on Color Digital Fringe Projection Profilometry
Authors: Suprijanto - , Zahra Naila , Nadhira Vebi , Juliastuti Endang
Published: October 2022

3D surface measurement based on phase-shifting profilometry (PSP) has been actively developed in recent years. Three color channels of RGB that are modulated to generate a one-shot PSP method is a concept of color digital fringe pattern profilometry (CDFPP). The CDFPP is a promising technique for the 3D imaging profile of dynamic surface deformation if several phase errors in the one-shot PSP method can be suppressed. This work proposes a processing scheme for phase error suppression schemes (PESS) based on retrieving the modulated sinusoidal fringe and color fringe normalization in PSP using RGB color channel. The processing of PESS consists of tunable bandpass filtering (BPF) followed by fringe normalization. The initial BPF function is defined based on a smoothing spline data set of frequency and power spectrum from the baseline color fringe image. The predefine BPF function could be tunable during the imaging process by considering each frame's condition and RGB channel spectrum mapping. The corrected fringe images are then normalized from the color imbalance, and the phase shift is calculated using the conventional three-step PSP. For evaluation, PESS is performed to reconstruct simulator membrane deformation from four different static profiles and tested to observe the 3D surface of continuous membrane deformation. The PESS could suppress the phase errors of less than 30% less absolute errors than the conventional method and successfully reconstruct the 3D surface for low-frequency continuous membrane deformation with minimizing phase errors.
Intelligent Course Recommender Chatbot Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wei Tan Chia , Ahmad Hijazi Mohd Hanafi , Alias Suraya , Ibrahim Ag Asri Ag , Othman Mohd Fairuz Iskandar
Published: October 2022

Selecting elective courses in university is challenging for students as they do not know if the courses fit their interests and provide relevant knowledge or skills for their future professions. In some cases, students may register for courses without truly understanding the courses, eventually leading to course selection mistakes. A system that can recommend courses based on student's preferences is deemed necessary to address this problem. This paper proposed an intelligent course recommender system that helps students find suitable courses based on their strengths and interests. It consists of two phases. First, an intelligent course matching engine is designed and developed. The student's input is processed using natural language processing. A convolutional neural network is used to perform Part-of-Speech tagging. Keywords are identified from the processed input, and keyword matching is performed between the student's input and the courses' keywords. The most relevant courses are identified. Second, a chatbot is developed to implement the developed intelligent course matching engine. The chatbot captured student's preferences using a human-like conversation and recommended the identified most relevant courses to the students. The system is evaluated by a group of students in Universiti Malaysia Sabah. The evaluation of the usability and functionality results shows the acceptability of the proposed system, although some future work is needed based on the feedback received.
Convolutional Neural Network to Detect the Optimal Water Content of Cassava Chips During the Drying Process
Authors: Hendrawan Yusuf , Rohmatulloh Bagas , Ilmi Fardha Irfatul , Fauzy Muchammad Riza , Damayanti Retno , Al Riza Dimas Firmanda , Hermanto Mochamad Bagus , Sandra Sandra
Published: October 2022

Cassava chips are used as raw materials to manufacture modified cassava flour. To produce high-quality modified cassava flour, a drying process for cassava chips is required to produce optimal water content in the range of 15-18% wb. This study aims to detect the optimal water content of cassava chips during the drying process in a hybrid hot-air tray dryer with computer vision using a convolutional neural network. Three categories of cassava chips' water content during the drying process are wet (water content of 55-70% wb), semi-dry (20-40% wb), and optimal dry (15-18% wb). In this study, the performance of four types of the pre-trained convolutional neural network, i.e., AlexNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet-50, and SqueezeNet, were compared by using different optimizers (SGDm, Adam, and RMSProp) and different learning rate values, 0.00005 and 0.0001, resulting in 24 types of experimental design. The results showed 12 convolutional neural network models with perfect validation accuracy. AlexNet with the SGDm optimizer and learning rate of 0.00005 was determined as the best model because of its stable training iteration process that experienced no fluctuations, perfect validation accuracy, specifically 100%, as well as perfect testing accuracy was 100%, and fastest training and validation process time, notably 32 minutes. This best convolutional neural network model will later be used to develop a rapid, real-time, and accurate hybrid hot-air tray dryer with computer vision to maintain cassava chip products with optimal water content.
A Revisit of the Energy-Economy-Environment Nexus with Multi-Regression
Authors: Asri Novena Damar , Yusgiantoro Purnomo
Published: October 2022

Economic development leaves its residues on the environment, then it is believed as the cause of environmental damage. Recognizing the real cause of environmental damage during the development process is crucial, as it could prevent the government from using dirty energy sources in developing the economy. This study believes that the real cause of environmental degradation is energy consumption. Considering the importance of the energy-economy-environmental nexus where energy is hypothesized as the driver of the twoâ€“the economy and the environment, this study conducts a multi-regression analysis where the economy and environmental degradation are the dependent variables affected by energy consumption as the independent variable. Thus, the study aims to investigate whether energy consumption is the real driver of the economy and environmental degradation by comparing energy consumption impacts on both. The sample was all countries (world and economies group) from 1990-2013. The economy's elements expected to contribute to CO2 emissions (FDI, Trade, Urban population) are also under investigation. The results show that the energy coefficients are always positive and have the largest value in almost all models, indicating that energy drives the economy and environmental quality (represented by CO2 emissions). Following the second hypothesis, the impacts of Urban population, FDI, and Trade on CO2 emissions depend on the development level of the three variables. This study is expected to make the policymakers aware that the energy type they choose could improve the economy and environmental quality or put both as a trade-off.
Understanding Social Conflict in Indonesian Infrastructure Projects Based on the Causes and Impacts
Authors: Sanggoro Heru Bayuaji , Alisjahbana Sofia W. , Mohamad Dadang
Published: October 2022

As an archipelagic country with high cultural diversity, development projects in Indonesia are required to involve the community as a stakeholder appropriately. However, community engagement in the project is a dilemma where society can be a good supporter, while on the other side, it can be a risk factor. This research aimed to determine the type of project conflict that affects social conflict between the project and the local community and the impacts arising from social conflict. This study used 40 data on infrastructure projects in Indonesia collected from the questionnaire and analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method. This research revealed that value conflict was the most influential type causing social conflict, followed by affective, task-related, and rule-related conflicts. A personal relationship is the biggest impact caused by the project's social conflict, followed by the impact of cost, CSR, time, and the local workers' satisfaction. This research indicated that social values and norms still influenced the local community's life. Project managers can use these findings to develop conflict management strategies according to local socio-cultural conditions in order to reduce the potential for project-related conflict to escalate into social conflict. For further research, these results can be used as a reference in developing an appropriate environmental and social framework under the socio-cultural conditions of the Indonesian community; thus, social conflicts can be avoided, and project performance can be achieved according to the specified goals.
THE PROTESTS OF MAY 1968 IN FRANCE IN THE EYES OF RESEARCHERS: CONFLICT OF NARRATIVES
Authors: Bulavintsev Nikita V.
Published: October 2022

The events of May 1968 in France are controversial both in public discussions and in the scientific literature. The article analyzes key publications in foreign literature devoted to the analysis of the conflict of narratives about the May protests in order to systematize the idea of a “conflict of memory”. The article demonstrates that already in 1968 one can see the lack of a common perception of the protests and the narratives about the May events differed significantly. The author analyzes key publications that investigate different sides of the problem of “narrative conflict”. The analysis of the works of R. Aron, K. Reeder, K. Ross, M. Seidman and K. Reynolds concludes that the publications problematize two dimensions of the conflict: the inconsistency of memory with reality and the contradiction between different memories of May. The author concludes that it is fundamentally impossible to find a consensus on the May events not only in public discourse, but also in the scientific literature.
TO THE QUESTION OF UNDERSTANDING ANCIENT DIALECTICS
Authors: Egorova Olga A.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the issue related to development of dialectics in opposite to sophistry in the classical antique philosophy. The author examines the special features of the antique rationalism as the premises of dialectics formation in the antique philosophy. The author considers the epistemological basis and negative consequences of the relativistic positions of the sophists in the cognition and moral being. Then the author traces a continuity in understanding the meaning of dialectics as a method of searching for the essence (truth) connected with a dialogic conceptual form of rational cognition in the Socrates’, Plato’s and Aristotle’s studies. It is stated in the paper that classical antique dialectics was developed as a method of true knowledge of the ideal essences as the universal constructive intelligible reasons of rational cognition and human exist-ence. Also it was the discipline about the first universal transcendental principles of all sciences conceived by reason and method of research of scientific and philosophical problems. The paper shows the application of dialectics in the study of the ethical and socio-political aspects of human existence. The author makes the conclusion that the dialectics researches of the universal reasons of rational cognition and human existence, connected with the objective forms of being and antique rationality, is characterized by an orientation on the deep interrelation of problems of cognition and moral being.
MODERN ASSESSMENTS OF THE VIEWS OF THE BOLSHEVIKS ON THE STATE-LEGAL FORMS OF THE CREATION OF THE UNION STATE – THE USSR
Authors: Kasyanov Valery V. , Baranov Andrey V. , Yakhutl Yuri A.
Published: October 2022

The year of 2022 marks one hundred years since the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as the most important outcome of the Great Russian Revolution and the implementation of the Bolshevik concept of building a multinational state based on the political dictatorship of the RCP(b). This article examines the issues of nationalstate construction, which ended with the formation of the USSR, the conditions and political discussions that preceded the creation of a new type of state. The most interesting is the intraparty discussion between Lenin and Stalin on the issues of federalization and autonomization of the Soviet republics. The consequences of the collapse of the USSR and the further development of the Russian Federation actualize this topic, since hopes for the Commonwealth of Independent States have not been fully realized. The Russian Federation and the former republics of the Union state experienced an acute economic, social, and political crisis in the post-Soviet period, accompanied, in many cases, by interethnic conflicts. In modern conditions, society and historical science face a number of controversial topics, such as: why the collapse of the country occurred and whether it was possible to prevent it, or whether the split in a multinational state was a consequence of the political and organizational and legal principles laid down in it, discussions on which unfolded at the initial stage of the formation of the USSR. In modern historical science, there is no unified concept in assessing the events of 1922 and 1991 and their interrelationships. To assess them, it is important to understand the content of the discussion that unfolded during the political and organizational-legal formation of the USSR.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF ISLAMIC TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Authors: Popenkov Oleg N. , Burkut Sergey I.
Published: October 2022

The article reveals the theoretical aspects of radical Islamist ideology in historical retrospect. The authors emphasize that the activities of all extremist organizations in the Middle East, without exception, are based on these ideas. First of all, the postulates of Salafism and their subsequent interpretation, known as Wahhabism, are taken as a basis. A holy war (jihad) is declared for everyone and the method of total terror is chosen, as well as the Islamic religion is perverted, the Koran is interpreted in its own way. During the times of the bipolar world, the activity of these organizations was restrained by the national regimes of the region, which were destroyed as a result of the expansionist policy of the United States, unleashed by them for resources.
Desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento automatizado de baixo custo para sistema biológico de tratamento de efluentes por lagoa anaeróbia
Authors: Pacheco Jean Carlos Coelho , Orlando Junior Wilson de Almeida , Pacheco Flaviana Coelho , Pacheco Ana Flávia Coelho , Correa Kely de Paula , Paiva Paulo Henrique Costa
Published: October 2022

Objetivou-se desenvolver um sistema de monitoramento automatizado de baixo custo para sistema biológico de tratamento de água residuária por lagoa anaeróbia. Para tal, foi empregado um potenciômetro ajustado via regressão com o propósito de determinar o nível de efluente atual da lagoa e um sensor de temperatura que determinar a eficiência de operação, automatizando esse processo de monitoramento facilita a operação no dia a dia na estação de tratamento de efluentes e é passível fazer uma estimativa do período de retenção hidráulica que o efluente permanecerá no sistema de tratamento. Para isso, foi empregado a plataforma IDE do Arduino utilizando a plataforma online do TinkerCAD. Por fim, foi possível elaborar um sistema automático de monitoramento do nível de efluente na lagoa, sua eficiência de operação e a estimativa da concentração de demanda biológica de oxigênio no efluente presente na lagoa anaeróbia, facilitando os processos manuais e auxiliando na estimativa do período de retenção hidráulica. Resultados obtidos foram animadores e mostraram aptidão para serem implantados na estação de tratamento para deixá-la mais automatizada e menos susceptível a erros mecânicos realizados por funcionários.
A Study Of Prevalence Of Chronic Kidney Disease In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome In Urban Population Attending A Tertiary Care Center In India: A Hospital-Based Prospective Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Khan Yasmee , Lalchandani Arati , Gupta AC
Published: October 2022

The study aims to determine the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its risk factors in patients with Metabolic Syndrome in a tertiary care center in India. It was a hospital-based prospective observational study where NCEP ATP III CRITERIA was used to diagnose patients with Metabolic Syndrome, and CKD was defined according to KDIGO Guidelines. Out of 172 patients with Metabolic Syndrome, CKD was seen in 52 patients, of which 29 were males and 23 were females, so the prevalence of CKD in Metabolic Syndrome patients was about 30.23%. (52/172) P Value = 0.0000204. In our study, the prevalence of hyperglycemia in CKD patients with Metabolic Syndrome was 24.41% (42/172) P Value = .0011. The prevalence of obesity was 19.18% (33/172) P Value = .00844. The prevalence of hypertension was 28.48% (49/172) P Value = 2.72. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 26.12% (45\172) P Value = 0.000002086. The prevalence of hyperglycemia, obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia was significantly high in males. The prevalence of CKD in Metabolic Syndrome is 30.23% which is quite high, and since the prevalence of CKD is rising in India, we need more studies to look into this aspect of Metabolic Syndrome.
“A man is free as he is the image of godly freedom”. Fyodor Dostoevsky’s further considerations about freedom
Authors: Perkowska Iwona Magdalena
Published: October 2022

The article presents Fyodor Dostoevsky’s considerations of freedom based on both The Brothers Karamazov and The Idiot. The writer shows, that dealing with own freedom is one of the greatest tasks in human life and man's future fate depends wholly on how he copes with this task. Freedom is a fundamental concept in a philosophical anthropology of the Russian novelist. According to his grasp of the problem of evil this is a man, who appears the source of all misery, which he brings upon himself, among which not atheism but false understanding of God is the greatest one.
ОБ АГРЕГИРОВАНИИ ИЗОМОРФНОЙ ПРИМЕСИ АЗОТА В СИНТЕТИЧЕСКИХ АЛМАЗАХ (СИСТЕМА Fe-Ni-C)
Authors: Бабич Юрий Васильевич , Жимулев Егор Игоревич , Чепуров Алексей Анатольевич
Published: October 2022

Актуальность исследования определяется значимостью азота как основной структурной примеси в алмазе, содержание и форма которой оказывают влияние на свойства алмаза, его цветовые характеристики и используются при анализе температурно-временных условия природного алмазообразования. Цель: исследование особенностей агрегирования азота в синтетических алмазах, выращенных в системе Fe-Ni-C. Объект и методы. Изученный образец синтетического монокристалла алмаза получен методом температурного градиента при высоких Р, Т-параметрах в поле стабильности на многопуансонном аппарате высокого давления типа «разрезная сфера». Определение азота и степени его агрегации проводили с помощью ИК-Фурье спектрометра Bruker Vertex-70 с микроскопом Hyperion 2000. При анализе спектральных данных использовалась специализированная программа обработки ИК-спектров алмаза IR'nDi-Module. Результаты и выводы. Проведено изучение характера образования парных ассоциатов изоморфной примеси азота (степени агрегирования) в октаэдрических секторах роста синтетического алмаза, полученного в металл-углеродной системе c высоким содержанием никеля (металл-растворитель Fe20Ni80 ат. %). После постепенного достижения полной агрегации азота со стороны внешних областей кристалла зафиксирована прогрессирующая обратная деагрегация азота в его внутренних, ранее образованных, зонах. Установленный факт не может быть объяснен в рамках известной однонаправленной кинетики процесса агрегирования азота и указывает на наличие дополнительного фактора, влияющего на данную реакцию в алмазах с повышенным содержанием сопутствующей примеси никеля. Впервые высказано предположение о возможности деагрегации азота, инициированной перераспределением азота из азотных ассоциатов (А-дефектов) в никель-азотные комплексы (NE-центры).
СОЗДАНИЕ И ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИЯ ИНТЕГРИРОВАННОЙ МОДЕЛИ, УЧИТЫВАЮЩЕЙ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ГАЗОКОНДЕНСАТНОЙ ЗАЛЕЖИ
Authors: Зипир Владислав Геннадьевич , Менгалиев Александр Генрихович , Рясный Александр Геннадьевич , Курбатова Марина Николаевна , Рудая Оксана Михайловна
Published: October 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена тем, что на современном этапе развития нефтегазовой отрасли основные подходы при прогнозировании уровней добычи углеводородов и принятии концептуальных проектных решений по активам основываются на использовании интегрированных моделей, учитывающих полный процесс добычи и транспортировки углеводородов от пласта до пунктов подготовки, а иногда и до точки экспорта в магистральный трубопровод. При этом важно не превысить реальный потенциал основного узла – гидродинамической модели, особенно на трудноразразрабатываемых автономных арктических месторождениях, где ошибка проектирования может обойтись многократно дороже относительно классических месторождений. Цель: создать интегрированную модель газоконденсатного промысла, обладающую удовлетворительной прогнозной способностью с учетом особенностей конкретного месторождения и получить реальный эффект от использования расчетов на базе интегрированной модели. Объект: газоконденсатная залежь сортымской свиты одного из арктических месторождений. Методы: аналитическое моделирование разработки газоконденсатной залежи, вероятностные подходы к параметрам неопределенности геологической модели, использование гидродинамического симулятора Schlumberger Eclipse, интегрированное моделирование газоконденсатного актива арктического месторождения. Результаты. Описаны подходы по созданию и актуализации гидродинамической модели газоконденсатной залежи, позволяющей воспроизвести темпы снижения пластового давления, продуктивности и выполнить расчет уровней добычи УВ с учетом существующих рисков. Также на созданной интегрированной модели выполнены расчеты, учитывающие неопределенности геологического строения залежи. Выполнено сравнение предыдущей версии интегрированной модели и новой с учетом комплексирования использованных подходов. При помощи расчетов на интегрированной модели обоснована номинальная производительность дожимной компрессорной станции.
Mo-СОДЕРЖАЩИЕ ГРАНУЛИРОВАННЫЕ ЦЕОЛИТЫ ZSM-5 РАЗЛИЧНОЙ КИСЛОТНОСТИ С ИЕРАРХИЧЕСКОЙ ПОРИСТОЙ СТРУКТУРОЙ В НЕОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ КОНВЕРСИИ МЕТАНА
Authors: Степанов Андрей Александрович , Коробицына Людмила Леонидовна , Ишкильдина Алина Хайдаровна , Травкина Ольга Сергеевна , Куватова Резеда Загитовна , Восмериков Александр Владимирович , Кутепов Борис Иванович
Published: October 2022

Актуальность проведенного исследования связана с получением активных и селективных катализаторов для процессов переработки природного и нефтяного попутного газов, основным компонентом которых является метан, в ценные химические продукты. Наибольший интерес представляет процесс неокислительной конверсии метана в ароматические углеводороды на цеолитсодержащих катализаторах, модифицированных металлами. Цель: сравнительное исследование физико-химических и каталитических свойств в процессе неокислительной конверсии метана в ароматические углеводороды Мо-содержащих катализаторов на основе гранулированных цеолитов ZSM-5 высокой степени кристалличности с иерархической пористой структурой до и после деалюминирования водным раствором лимонной кислоты. Объекты: Mo/ZSM-5 катализаторы неокислительной конверсии метана. Методы: рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ, РФА, СЭМ, низкотемпературная адсорбция азота, температурно-программированная десорбция аммиака (ТПД-NH3), газовая хроматография. Результаты. Приведены результаты исследования физико-химических и каталитических свойств в процессе неокислительной конверсии метана в ароматические углеводороды гранулированных Мо-содержащих цеолитных катализаторов различной кислотности с иерархической пористой структурой. Показано, что катализаторы, полученные на основе гранулированного цеолита ZSM-5 высокой степени кристалличности с иерархической пористой структурой, являются более эффективными в процессе неокислительной конверсии метана по сравнению с катализатором, приготовленным традиционным способом со связующим материалом. Установлено, что наибольшая конверсия метана и максимальный выход ароматических углеводородов составляют 18,3 и 14,4 %, соответственно, и достигаются на каталитической системе, приготовленной нанесением 4 % масс. MoО3 на деалюминированный в результате обработки 0,3 N раствором лимонной кислоты гранулированный цеолит ZSM-5 высокой степени кристалличности с иерархической пористой структурой.
ПОДХОД К МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОМУ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЮ ПРОЦЕССА РАСТВОРЕНИЯ ПЛАСТОВОЙ СОЛИ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫЙ В ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКОМ СИМУЛЯТОРЕ TECSCHEME
Authors: Малюгин Роман Владиславович , Ходанович Дмитрий Александрович
Published: October 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью моделирования процесса растворения пластовой соли при заводнении углеводородных месторождений с учетом зависимости фильтрационно-емкостных свойств породы коллектора от количества нерастворенной соли и физических свойств водной фазы от количества растворенной в ней соли. Цель заключалась в разработке математической модели процесса фильтрации флюидов в коллекторах, учитывающей растворение пластовой соли в водной фазе и предусматривающей возможность нахождения солевого раствора в водной фазе в насыщенном и ненасыщенном состояниях. Объектом исследования является решение уравнения трехмерной фильтрации флюида в коллекторах, содержащих в своем составе нерастворенную соль, которая сопровождается изменением плотности и вязкости водной фазы в зависимости от количества растворенной в ней соли и изменением пористости и проницаемости породы коллектора при растворении пластовой соли. Методы: численное решение систем дифференциальных уравнений модели нелетучей нефти Маскета–Мереса с использованием IMplicit Pressure Explicit Saturation метода. Результаты. С использованием разработанной математической модели растворения соли проведен расчет тестовой задачи, в ходе которого определялись геологические запасы растворенной соли, минерализация пластовой воды, количество нерастворенной соли и средняя концентрация солевого раствора в водной фазе при изменении таких входных параметров, как константа скорости растворения соли и максимально допустимые минерализация и концентрация солевого раствора. Показано, что результаты численного моделирования корректно описывают происходящие при растворении пластовой соли процессы и не противоречат физическим представлениям об указанном процессе.
РАЗРАБОТКА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ АЛГОРИТМОВ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРИФЕРИЙНЫМ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕМ КУСТА СКВАЖИН С ПОМОЩЬЮ ЕДИНОЙ СТАНЦИИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Илюшин Павел Юрьевич , Вяткин Кирилл Андреевич , Козлов Антон Вадимович
Published: October 2022

Актуальность исследования заключается в необходимости повышения энергоэффективности добычи нефти на месторождениях, находящихся на поздних стадиях работки. Сущность работы заключается в интеграции периферийного нефтепромыслового оборудования, в том числе замерных установок, устройств по борьбе с отложениями, в единую со скважинами систему – интеллектуальную станцию управления. В настоящее время динамика работы скважин не влияет на параметры работы данных установок. При их интеграции в систему и написании соответствующих алгоритмов возможно увеличение энергоэффективности добычи нефти, снижение затрат на обслуживание скважин и, в перспективе, интеллектуализацию их работы. Цель: определить алгоритмы регулирования периферийного оборудования, работу которого можно оптимизировать на основании динамики изменения параметров работы нефтедобывающей скважины. Методы: гидравлическое моделирование работы куста скважин, численное определение напорной характеристики скважины, обзор научных источников и анализ параметров борьбы с органическими отложениями. Результаты. Приведены сценарии оптимизации работы нефтедобывающих скважин при интеграции в интеллектуальную станцию управления периферийных устройств. Так, интеграция устьевого блока подачи реагента, устройства очистки лифтовой колонны или станции управления греющего кабеля, при идентификации образования парафиновых отложений, может изменить режим работы, что позволит оптимизировать процессы борьбы с отложениями и увеличить межочистной период скважины. Расчет изменения устьевых давлений при значительном кратковременном изменении дебита одной или нескольких скважин позволит изменить диаметр штуцера на скважине, что сохранит точку пересечения напорной характеристики скважины и характеристики электроцентробежного насоса. Согласно технологическому расчёту, это позволит избежать нестабильной работы насоса и сохранить оптимальное значение коэффициента полезного действия, падение которого может превышать 2 %. Третий алгоритм описывает способ снижения затрат инженерно-технического персонала на обслуживание скважин при получении некондиционных данных дебита. При их получении предлагается запуск алгоритма оценки дебита скважины по косвенным данным – технология «Виртуальный расходомер». По результатам проверки система автоматически запустит повторный замер или сообщит инженерно-техническому персоналу о нарушениях в работе глубинно-насосного оборудования. Выводы. Полученные алгоритмы могут быть интегрированы в станции управления. Это обеспечит оптимизацию работы глубинно-насосного оборудования, увеличение межочистного периода скважины, а также снизит затраты времени инженерно-технического персонала на обслуживание скважин. Все представленные алгоритмы способны увеличить энергоэффективности добычи нефти, что является важной задачей при разработке месторождений на поздних стадиях.
ВЛИЯНИЕ АКУСТИЧЕСКОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ НА ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТЬ ПОРИСТЫХ СРЕД (ОБЗОР)
Authors: Гатауллин Рустем Наилевич , Галимзянова Алия Ринатовна , Марфин Евгений Александрович
Published: October 2022

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью решения проблем, возникающих при разработке нефтяных месторождений: снижение темпов добычи; ухудшение фильтрационных свойств пласта; увеличение обводненности добываемой нефти. Воздействие на пласт упругими колебаниями в широком частотном диапазоне рассматривается как перспективная технология стимулирования и увеличения добычи нефти. Однако широкомасштабное внедрение таких методов сдерживается недостаточным пониманием физики протекающих при этом процессов. Цель: выявление механизмов улучшения проницаемости пористых сред и продуктивных пластов при акустическом воздействии на них на основе теоретических и экспериментальных исследований, промысловых испытаний; обозначение приоритетов будущих научных и практических разработок в области применения акустических технологий для интенсификации добычи нефти. Методы. Анализ результатов лабораторных исследований и обобщение опыта применения в промысловой практике методов акустического и ультразвукового воздействия на продуктивные пласты с целью интенсификации добычи нефти. Объекты: продуктивные пласты нефтяных месторождений; загрязненная призабойная зона скважин; образцы пористых сред терригенных и карбонатных коллекторов. Результаты. Представлен обзор результатов теоретических, лабораторных и промысловых исследований методов повышения эффективности добычи нефти на счет волнового воздействия на среду упругими колебаниями. Проанализированы явления, возникаюшие при таком воздействии в продуктивных пластах. Отмечается, что большинство исследований в этой области относится к ультразвуковому воздействию и в основном в лабораторных условиях. Рассмотрены явления, приводящие к увеличению проницаемости пористых сред при таком воздействии. В частности, распространение упругих колебаний способствует предотвращению выпадения органических и неорганических осадков, восстановлению и увеличению проницаемости насыщенных пористых сред, удалению пробок и различных отложений в карбонатных и терригенных коллекторах. Сформулированы направления перспективных исследований, даны рекомендации по совершенствованию добычи нефти за счет акустического воздействия. Проведенный анализ и обобщение результатов исследований подтверждают, что воздействие упругими колебаниями в широком диапазоне частот активизирует различные химические и физические процессы, влияет на фильтрационно-емкостные свойства продуктивных пластов, способствует интенсификации добычи нефти.