bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of placental cord drainage on third stage of labour and in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: randomized control trial at tertiary care centre
Authors: S. N. Srujana Lakshmi , S. R. Sheela
Published: August 2022

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause associated with 25% of maternal mortality. Prolonged duration of third stage of labour accounts for postpartum hemorrhage. The new trend in third stage management is placenta cord drainage (PCD). The physiology of PCD is decrease in bulkiness of placenta which consequently increases the uterine contractility. Effective uterine contraction mostly shortens third stage duration and decrease the risk for PPHMethods: This study is a randomized control trial in which full term pregnant women admitted in labour unit at Sri Devaraj Urs medical college and research centre, Kolar, Karnataka. Total 80 women were included in this study. They were divided into two groups, control group and study group with n=40 in each group. Placental cord drainage was done in the study group. In the Group 1 placental end of the cut umbilical cord remained clamped. In the Group 2, the placental end of the cut umbilical cord unclamped immediately and collected in a vessel till the flow ceased. Thus, the drained blood was prevented from getting mixed with blood lost in the third stage. Blood lost in the third stage was collected in a clean drape sheet. Placenta was delivered by controlled cord traction after the signs of placental separation were seen. The duration of third stage was calculated using a stopwatch.Results: In our study, the mean duration of third stage of labour in control group was 6.58minute and in study group was 2.28 minutes. Significant statistical difference was found in duration of third stage of labour.Conclusions: PCD is noninvasive and safe intervention during third stage of labour and effective in reduction of incidence of postpartum hemorrhage.
Atypical presentation of placenta percreta post-partum-a conservative surgical approach
Authors: Sai Tejaswi Mannava , Menon Rajashree , Vinya Paladugu , Ramachandran Riju , Nair Shobha , K. Radhamany
Published: August 2022

We report our experience with an atypical presentation of placenta percreta, presenting as a mass-like bulge in the uterine fundus. A hemodynamically stable young lady status-post preterm delivery at 26 weeks was referred to our center on the third post-partum day after multiple failed attempts at removal of a retained placenta. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an atypical fibroid with part of an adherent placenta. Uterine artery embolization was done prophylactically. After a failure at removal under USG guidance, a diagnostic laparoscopy revealed an 8x6 cm highly vascular mass in the fundus extending to the right cornua with intact serosa, possibly placenta percreta. The procedure converted to laparotomy and the mass removed. Histopathology confirmed a placenta percreta. However, the neonate admitted at the referring hospital expired on day 14 due to sepsis. Post-partum adherent placenta in the fundal region on MRI can mimic an atypical fibroid.
Effect of ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda (blood root) leaves on reproductive organs and hormones in female Wistar rats
Authors: Okpara Elile P. , Victor Progress D. , Reuben Edith , Ajie Pearl C. , Fiala Lolia T.
Published: August 2022

Background: Several environmental chemicals are suspected to be responsible for adverse health effects on the reproductive system. Poisonous plants grow in most communities found on range lands and pastures. One major effect on consumption of these plants is on reproduction which includes birth defect, abortion and interference with Oogenesis, spermatogenesis, libido and estrous cycle. Justicia secunda (blood root) as the name implies is known for its anti-anemic properties.Methods: Animals were grouped into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. They were housed in metal cages at room temperature and had access to commercial standard rodent pellets and clean water. Group 1 (control 0.00 mg/kg.) was given distilled water, groups 2-6 were given 99% ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda leaves orally at dose levels of 300, 400, 400, 450 and 450 mg/day, respectively for 42 days.Results: The result of this study indicates that ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda (blood root) was able to increase the level of FSH significantly at medium dose group. Significant increase in oestrogen level observed in this study.Conclusions: ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda (blood root) leaves is likely to cause an increase in the secreting ability of cells of the anterior pituitary gland producing FSH or cells of the hypothalamus producing gonadotrophin releasing hormones. The plant is likely to contain steroids.
Fat embolism syndrome: a case series and review of literature
Authors: Shafi Aamir , Kar Tahir Ashraf , Thoker Asif Bashir , Zahoor Aariba
Published: August 2022

Fat embolism and fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a clinical spectrum characterized by dissemination of fat emboli into the systematic circulation usually as a result of orthopedic trauma and related surgical procedures. we present a case series of three patients who had FES of variable presentation and severity. In our first case patient initially developed FES pre operatively which was complicated by acute pulmonary thromboembolism in the post operative period. In our third case patient developed FES after intra medullary nail fixation of femoral shaft fracture. Fat embolism is relatively rare but fatal complication in orthopedic trauma and during long bone fracture manipulations. In addition, fat embolism is a risk factor for pulmonary thromboembolism as was evident in our first case. So, patients of fat embolism should be closely monitored for the later. Gurd and Wilson are the most commonly used criteria for the diagnosis of FES. Treatment is largely supportive and some preventive measures include early fixation of long bone fractures. Prophylactic use of steroids in a meta-analysis has been found to prevent occurrence of FES in nearly two third of patients. There is no proven role of hypertonic dextrose infusion, heparin or corticosteroids in the treatment of FES and therefore are not routinely recommended. In case of fulminant FES steroids should be considered.
Bowel obstruction secondary to type IV hiatal hernia: a case report
Authors: Lara Orozco Ulises , Alvarez Sores Erik D. , Masabanda Celorio Verónica E. , Vargas Paredes Sahid
Published: August 2022

Hiatal hernias are classified into four types. Type 4 hernias are not limited to the stomach alone, but involve herniation of the omentum, colon, small intestine, peritoneum, pancreas, or spleen into the chest cavity. Account for less than 5% of all cases. The probability that a patient with a paraesophageal hernia will develop acute symptoms and require emergency surgery is 1.16% per year. We present a case of acute paraesophageal hiatal hernia repair in a patient who developed large bowel obstruction. An 82-year-old female was admitted to emergency room referring abdominal distension, intolerance to the oral intake, vomiting of fecal content, as well as impossibility to pass gas or evacuate. On physical evaluation with tachycardia and acute abdomen, laboratory studies showed leukocytosis, radiographic data of intestinal obstruction, and at the level of the left hemithorax, space occupation by the colon was evident. An emergency surgery was performed finding paraesophageal hernia with involvement of the stomach and transverse colon, and retrograde dilatation of the ascending and transverse colon with ischemic changes. The patient presented hemodynamic instability, so an extended right hemicolectomy was decided, with distal closure, ileostomy, and hiatal plasty performed. She was discharged on postoperative day four without complications. Type 4 hiatal hernia complicated with intestinal obstruction is a condition that carries high rates of morbidity and mortality, so early surgery is mandatory to avoid a fatal outcome for the patient. There are currently no clear guidelines regarding the management of acute complicated paraesophageal hernias.
Physical therapy intervention for low back pain et causa lumbar spondylolisthesis: a clinical case report
Authors: Wardojo Sri Sunaringsih I. , Rosadi Rakhmad , Uddani Musdalifa T.
Published: August 2022

Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a kind of low back pain (LBP) that involves the displacement of one of the vertebral bodies as a result of trauma. Spondylolisthesis can lead to spondylolysis or fracture injury, which commonly occurs in the elderly as a result of degenerative disorders. However, physical therapy modalities such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), infrared (IR), and exercise treatment in the form of William flexion exercise can be employed in situations of LBP that cause lumbar spondylolisthesis. Thus, this clinical case study aimed at investigate the effects of these physical therapy intervention towards patients with LBP spondylolisthesis. LBP was reported by a 62-year-old female patient in Malang clinic. Patient had difficulties walking and sitting for lengthy periods of time. Straight leg raise (SLR) examination, Valsalva test, Trendelenberg test and Barthel index were performed as the physical examination test. While, during intervention period, patient was given TENS, IR, and William flexion exercise for twice a week, with each movement being repeated ten times during three months intervention. There was a positive change in the form of a decrease in tenderness, which was followed by a decrease in active lumbar motion discomfort and a decrease in spasm. Tenderness and motion discomfort are both symptoms of pain alterations. The findings of the treatment show that traditional treatments such as TENS and IR, as well as exercises using the William's flexion exercises approach, can help the elderly with LBP related to spondylolisthesis reduce pain and increase muscular tone.
An analytical study on the performance of the banking ombudsman scheme in India
Authors: Rupani Riya , Ali Shaukat
Published: August 2022

Customer satisfaction is an integral element in inculcating trust among the common people in the banking sector, which may also boost financial inclusion. Customer satisfaction can be measured in terms of complaints received about the bank services. The Banking Ombudsman Scheme was introduced in India in 1995 and revised in 2002 to enable the resolution of complaints of customers of banks relating to certain services rendered by the banks.

To analyse the performance of the Banking Ombudsman Scheme in India based on selected parameters, a descriptive research design has been used. The present study is based on secondary data compiled mainly from “The Banking Ombudsman Scheme-Annual report” which is published by RBI every year from 2015-16 to 2019-20. For analysis purposes, descriptive statistics tools such as percentages have been used.

The Ombudsman scheme is a blessing and a very prominent medium for redressal of grievances by the general public against banks and banking services. The resolution and the pace of resolution of the complaints is an essential aspect of consumer satisfaction. Also, the total number of banking transactions is growing because of inclusion, new modes of payments & settlements coming, and newer products, offerings & services. considering this, RBI should increase the number of Ombudsmen proportionately. BO‟s offices have started outreach activities for creating awareness among customers But still, it needs to be more rigorous, especially in rural areas.
Retos para la explotación sostenible de esmeraldas en Colombia
Authors: Ortega-Ramírez Angie Tatiana , Ochoa-Rodríguez Édgar Danilo , Gil-Padilla Sandro
Published: August 2022

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión detallada de los retos para la explotación sostenible de esmeraldas en Colombia, identificando los efectos socioeconómicos y ambientales causados durante dos eventos que han marcado el desarrollo de esta actividad económica a lo largo de la historia, los cuales son la bonanza esmeraldera donde se evidenciaron grandes situaciones de violencia y el proceso de transformación que actualmente enfrenta la minería de esmeraldas a causa del fin del conflicto y la llegada de empresas extranjeras al sector esmeraldero; adicionalmente, se realiza una descripción detallada del proceso de explotación de esmeraldas y se evalúa la sostenibilidad del sector minero en sus dimensiones económica, social y ambiental, con el objetivo de identificar y describir los retos que afronta dicha actividad económica y plantear algunas estrategias desarrolladas a nivel nacional e internacional dirigidas a la reducción, reutilización y reciclaje de residuos y la recuperación de zonas ambientalmente afectadas en búsqueda de la sostenibilidad del sector.
Psicoterapia e suas (novas) possibilidades frente ao COVID-19
Authors: Ramalho Mariana da Silva , Vallois Elisabete Correa
Published: August 2022

O novo coronavírus (COVID-19) resultou em uma pandemia vista como a maior emergência de saúde pública sofrida, atualmente, pela população internacional. Além dos efeitos físicos, observa-se também uma grande preocupação com a saúde mental e os efeitos psicológicos sofridos pela sociedade em geral, profissionais de saúde e pacientes portadores do vírus, a curto e longo prazo. Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar a relevância de uma intervenção psicológica mais precisamente a psicoterapia, apresentando os novos meios dessa atuação, as Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação, utilizadas devido à necessidade de adaptação por parte dos psicólogos por conta do distanciamento social. Para tanto, constrói-se um panorama de regulamentação desses meios no contexto brasileiro ao longo do tempo e abordam-se o preparo dos profissionais e a efetividade do tratamento a distância, com base em pesquisas anteriores e contemporâneas à pandemia. Por fim, observam-se desafios diante dessa nova prática e a possibilidade de uma nova perspectiva, promissora ou não, de um moderno setting terapêutico dentro da psicoterapia.
FORTALECENDO AS REDES DE CUIDADO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: a experiência do Apoio Matricial em saúde mental em um município do Ceará
Authors: Epifânio de Sousa Maria Isabella
Published: August 2022

O artigo relata a experiência dos encontros de Apoio Matricial em saúde mental entre as equipes do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) e da Atenção Básica vivenciada durante o período pandêmico no município de Guaiuba, Ceará. Os encontros foram facilitados pelos profissionais residentes de saúde mental coletiva e equipe multiprofissional do CAPS, entre agosto e novembro de 2020 como estratégia para qualificar o acolhimento em saúde mental a partir do fortalecimento dos vínculos com a Atenção Básica. A experiência proporcionou a melhoria na comunicação entre os profissionais/equipamentos e apontou importância e potência das construções coletivas para o cuidado em saúde mental.
Os desafios da enfermagem brasileira frente à Covid-19 em 2020: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Amorim Raphael Florindo , Da Silva Kimberli Rodrigues , Casimiro Cíntia Freitas , Da Silva Paulo Sérgio
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre os desafios da enfermagem brasileira durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus em 2020. Método: trata-se de revisão integrativa, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada na plataforma Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde. Utilizaram-se os termos: Enfermagem AND Covid-19 AND dificuldades OR obstáculos. Resultados: foram selecionados 24 estudos. A análise dos artigos resultou em cinco unidades temáticas, a saber: I) déficit de profissionais de enfermagem; II) falta de equipamentos de proteção individual; III) dificuldade frente às mudanças de protocolo no enfrentamento da Covid-19; IV) agravos à saúde mental; e V) formação e atuação de novos profissionais da enfermagem. Conclusões: o estudo revelou que os desafios identificados são antigos e perduram culturalmente na profissão, e, com a pandemia, houve um agravamento.
Pandemia, Saúde Mental e Democracia
Authors: Saraceno Benedetto
Published: August 2022

Aula ministrada na Disciplina Análise crítica da evolução histórico-social da assistência em saúde mental e suas principais bases, do Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Enfermagem EEUSP, em 07/04/2021. Textotraduzido e revisado pelas professoras Dra. Sônia Barros e Dra. Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de Oliveira. Programa de Doutorado Interunidades EE/EERP da Universidade de São Paulo.
Factor Analysis of Fixed Capital Investments: Regional Aspect
Authors: Dmitriev Nikolay , Zaytsev Andrey , Kichigin Oleg , Yashchenko Eugene
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to develop a multifactor model of the impact of attracting investment in the fixed capital of a region. To this end, the authors conducted a factor analysis of regional investment attractiveness. Correlation and regression analysis served as the methodological basis for determining the qualitative dependencies of regional fixed capital investments. Testing of the examined model allowed the authors to identify dependencies between controlled variables (factors that can be influenced at the regional level) and the resulting indicator (investment in the fixed capital of a region) for the Russian federal subjects. The significance of the model lies in the possibility of developing practical measures (focused on specific conditions of territorial functioning) to improve regional investment policies.
Predicting Mini-Mental State Examination Scores Using Electroencephalography Signal Features
Authors: Asayesh Vahid , Dehghani Mahdi , Torabi Majid , Akhtari-Khosroshahi Sepideh , Gharibzadeh Shahriar
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to use linear and non-linear features extracted from Electroencephalography (EEG) signal to predict the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test score by machine learning algorithms.
Materials and Methods: First, the MMSE test was taken from 20 subjects that were referred with the initial diagnosis of dementia. Then, the brain activity of subjects was recorded via EEG signal. After preprocessing this signal, various linear and non-linear features are extracted from it that are used as input to machine learning algorithms to predict MMSE test scores in three levels.
Results: Based on the experiments, the best classification result is related to the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network with 68% accuracy.
Conclusion: Findings show that by using machine learning algorithms and features extracted from EEG signal the MMSE scores are predicted in three levels. Although deep neural networks require a lot of data for training, the LSTM network has been able to achieve the best performance. By increasing the number of subjects, it is expected that the classification results will also increase.
The Evaluation of Contrast-to-Noise Ratio in CT Images Using Different Parameters of Gold Nanoparticles versus Omnipaque
Authors: Khademi Sara , Azimian Hosein , Ghadiri Hossein
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs) with high density and an atomic number have lately been proposed as an alternative contrast agent for Computed Tomography (CT).
Materials and Methods: In the present study, the Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) of GNPs from various shapes, sizes, concentrations, and surface chemistry was compared with an iodine contrast agent using CT at different X-ray tube voltages and concentrations.
Results: Our findings showed that GNPs in various concentrations, shapes, sizes, and X-ray tube energies from 80 to 140 kVp revealed greater image CNR than iodinated contrast media (Omnipaque). Smaller spherical GNPs (13 nm) had greater CNR than larger ones (60 nm) and Gold Nanorods )GNRs( with a larger Aspect Ratio (AR) represented excellent effect on CNR. In addition, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) covering on GNRs decreased CNR. We observed image CNR was increased using increasing in kVp and concentration.
Conclusion: Smaller spherical GNPs can be proposed as a potential candidate as a future contrast agent alternative to iodinated contrast media.
A SIMIND Monte Carlo Simulation Study on CdTe and NaI (Tl) Thickness as Detectors of a Small Animal SPECT System
Authors: Abbaspour Samira , Mahmoudian Babak , Zakavi Seyed Rasoul , Pirayesh Islamian Jalil
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Micro Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (Micro-SPECT) system has recently been introduced on nuclear medicine in the preclinical and research in which NaI (Tl) and Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) are used as the gamma-ray detectors with more generally use of NaI (Tl). The present study aimed to evaluate different thicknesses of the NaI (Tl) and (CdTe) detectors on functional parameters of a micro-SPECT system.
Materials and Methods: A Micro-SPECT system with CdTe semiconductor detector and a hexagonal parallel hole collimator with a hole diameter of 0.11 mm, high of 24.05 mm, and septal thickness of 0.016 mm was simulated by Simulating Medical Imaging Nuclear Detectors (SIMIND) Monte Carlo program. The system performance was assessed by comparing the functional parameters, including system efficiency, sensitivity, energy and spatial resolution with the NaI (Tl) detector. The simulated scans of a 99mTc point source, a digital micro-Jacszack phantom, and a voxelized MOBY mouse phantom with the system were prepared to evaluate image quality.
Results: The functional parameters; sensitivity, efficiency, planar spatial resolution, and image contrast of CdTe detector were determined 1.4, 1.2, 1.7, and 1.8 times higher than those of NaI (Tl), respectively. Moreover, the calculated energy resolution of CdTe and NaI (Tl) detectors was obtained 6.2% and 10.2% at 141 KeV, respectively. In the filtered back projection (FBP) reconstructed images of the micro-Jacszack phantom, minimum detectable size of the cold rods with CdTe and NaI (Tl) detectors were obtained 0.79 mm and 0.95 mm, respectively.
Conclusion: The imaging system with a 5.5 mm thickness CdTe detector provided better image quality and showed considerable efficiency.
Dosimetric Parameters Comparison of Four-Field and Field-in-Field Radiotherapy Planning in Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Fallah Mohammadi Gholamreza , Falahati Farzaneh , Zakeri Fatemeh , Motevalli Seyyed Mohammad , Mihandoost Ehsan
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers. Several radiotherapy planning methods have been suggested for the treatment of prostate cancer. In this study, four-field, and Field-In-Field (FIF) planning methods were compared based on dosimetric parameters.
Materials and Methods: In the radiotherapy Treatment Planning System (TPS) for 10 patients who were treated with the common four-field method, the planning was also performed by the FIF method. Dosimetric parameters were measured for Planning Target Volume (PTV), rectum, and bladder. These parameters included maximum dose, minimum dose, mean dose, V15%, V25%, V30%, and V35%, as well as Homogeneity Index (HI) and Conformity Index (CI). Two treatment planning methods based on dosimetric parameters were compared using paired t-test.
Results: Maximum, minimum and mean dose in PTV, rectum, and bladder were significantly different for the two techniques.  There was no significant difference between the two planning techniques in dosimetric parameters of V15%, V25%, V30%, and V35% for rectum and bladder. The FIF technique delivers more doses to the tumor. HI was better in the FIF method than in the four-field method, but CI was not significantly different. In both techniques, the rectum and bladder did not receive doses above 60 Gy.
Conclusion: In the treatment of prostate cancer in both Four-field and FIF planning methods, the dose to the rectum and bladder is less than the tolerance dose. FIF technique is recommended to better control the tumor. Based on dosimetric parameters, no significant findings were obtained that prove the superiority of FIF over the four-field technique in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards Coronavirus disease 2019 prevention in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gamtesa Dinka Fikadu , Tola Habteyes Hailu , Gutema Gadissa , Dagne Biniyam , Bedassa Bira Bejiga
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Level of knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of the community towards corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is important to prevent and control the disease . In Ethiopia there are some studies that assess the KAP’s of different segments of the community and reported different results. However, there is limited review evidence that pooled the proportion of KAP of the community to wards COVID-19 prevention and control of the disease in Ethiopia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and pool the proportion of KAP towards COVID-19 prevention and control in general community.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to estimate the pooled proportion of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards COVID-19 prevention and control in general community. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct were searched for studies reported in English language without restricting publication year. The search strategy was used by combining the keywords: “Knowledge”, “Attitude”, “Practice”, “COVID-19”, and “Ethiopia” both in Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) and free text terms. Data was analyzed using STATA version 14. Random effects model meta-analysis was employed to estimate pooled proportion of KAP’s towards COVID-19 in general community
Results: Data on 12391 participants which retrived from 26 studies included into this review .The study was pooled to estimate the pooled proportion of knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 prevention and control in the community. Our meta-analysis revealed that the pooled proportion of good knowledge was 62% (95% CI: 54%-71%), while favorable attitude 64 %( 95% CI: 58%-71%) and prevention practice 44% (95% CI: 32%-56%).
Conclusion: Our review indicated that the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 prevention and control in general community were considerably insufficient. There are several different factors that affects the level of practice towards COVID-19 prevention. Therefore, collaborative efforts should be made by the government, partners and the media to improve the knowledge,attitude and practice of the general community towards COVID-19 preventive practices.
Analysis of the Pattern of Poisoning in Patients Admitted to a Large Teaching Hospital in Iran
Authors: Nazari Elham , Nazari Somayeh , Ebnehoseini Zahra , Akhavan Reza , Tabesh Hamed
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Poisoning is one of the most common causes of hospital admission. This study aims at 1- to determine the characteristics of poisoning, 2-to discover the relationship of the patients’ characteristics, and 3- to suggest a pattern of characteristics of poisoning.
Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted at Edalatian Emergency Center in 2016. Characteristics of patients with poisoning were extracted from the hospital information system (HIS) in a large teaching hospital. Gender, type of admission, the priority of admission, type of referral, cause of referral, insurance organization, age, and month of referral were the variables extracted. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods in SPSS software version 21. 
Results: Of the 15204 patients included in this analysis, 55.2% of the patients were men. Also, 68.5% had nonurgent triage level, and the cause of the 60.7% of the poisoning was medication overdose. Most of the patients (86.2%) aged from 20 to 30 years with the most frequent referral in May, June, July, and August. According to logistic regression results, opium, toxin, alcohol and medication poisoning had the highest odds of being at urgent triage level (OR= 1.609, 1.559, 1.358, 1.218 respectively) and the food poisoning was the lowest cause of poisoning ( OR=0.018). Triage level was found to be significantly different in months of the year (P<0.001). But, a routine trend was not observed.
Conclusion: The use of preventive measures from the occurrence of poisoning is necessary for the country because this problem occurs due to the lack of awareness about its causative factors. Regarding the more prevalence of intentional poisoning, the necessary steps are needed to be taken to identify the Psychological causes and prevent suicide in at-risk groups.
Modeling the Number of COVID-19 Total Cases in Iran Using Gompertz and Logistic Growth Curves
Authors: Zamani Hossein
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The growth curve are time dependece regression models which commonly are useful in describing the rapid growth of total cases or deaths in a pandemic situation.
Methods: The Gompertz and logistic functions are useful to describe the growth curve of a population or any time dependence variable such as metabolic rate, growth of tumors and total number of cases or deaths in a pervasive disease. The logistics family of growth curve including logistic, SSlogistic, generalized logistic and power logistic and Gompertz models were considered to describe the growth curve of total_cases_per_million (t_c_p_m) of COVID-19 in Iran during the 19-Feb-2020 to 28-May-2021. The models were fitted to data using nls function in R and the fitting accuracy was evaluated using the numerical and graphical approaches.
Results: The logistic family and Gompertz growth curve were applied to fit the total_cases_per_million of COVID-19 in Iran as the response versus the time in days as predictor variable. The training and testing RMSE criterions were considered as the numerical criterions to assess the model accuracy. The growth curve of fitted models was compared with the growth curve of observed data. Results indicated that the logistic and Gompertz models provided a better description of target variable than the alternatives.
Conclusion: As results shown, the logistic and Gompertz models provided a better description of response variable than the alternatives. Therefore, the logistic and Gompertz models are able to describe and forecast the COVID-19 variables (including total cases, death, recovered and so on) very well.
Multilevel Modeling on the Anemia status of Women in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Kindu Kebede , Demissie Million Wesenu
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Anemia is the most common public problem caused by nutritional deficiency diseases among women of reproductive age. The main objective of this study was determining the regional variation and associated factors of anemia status among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 14,489 women who enrolled in Ethiopia demographic and health survey data of 2016. Binary and multilevel logistic regression was carried out for variables to determine associated factors with anemia status of women and its regional variations at ascertained of 5% level. This study was used information criteria to compared candidates models.
Results: This finding shows that women who use improved source of drinking water (OR=1.98, 95%CI=1.05, 3.72), being in middle wealth index (OR=0.25, 95%CI=0.10, 0.63), being in rich wealth index (OR=0.42, 95%CI=0.19, 0.94), having age at 1st birth in 20-24 years(OR=0.24, 95%CI=0.11, 0.53), having number of living children 1-2(OR=3.68, 95%CI=3.48, 4.98), having number of living children 3-4(OR=3.03, 95%CI=2.48, 4.05) and women who used government health center for place of delivery(OR=0.96, 95%CI=0.22, 1.70) were significantly related to anemia status of women.
Conclusion: This finding concluded that there is a significant variation of anemia status of women between regions in Ethiopia. Women in the middle and rich wealth index was less likely to be anemic than poor. Women having age at 1st birth in 20-24 years and women who used government health center for place of delivery were less likely to be anemic. But women having number of living children 1-2 and 3-4 were more likely to be more anemic than no child. Likewise, women who use improved source of drinking water were more likely to be anemic as compared to an unimproved source of drinking water. It is recommended that health workers should begive attention to these proximate determinants on anemia at regional level.
Quality of life in the community-dwelling elderly and associated factors: A Cross-Sectional study
Authors: Rakhshani Tayebeh , Salehiniya Hamid , Azizi Monire , Ansari-moghaddam Alireza , Aliaba Hassan okati , Almasi Seydeh Zeinab
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Recent medical and health advances have reduced mortality, consequently a relative increase in life expectancy and aging of population. One of the indices that properly indicate the status of elderly is the quality of life. Identifying the factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly in Zahedan, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 600 elderly people referring to the Zahedan health centers. Sampling method was two-stage clustering, the data were collected in the check list by using quality of life (QOL) questionnaire SF12 through interview and then were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression.
Results: Of the 600 elderly men and women over 60 years, 472 subjects participated in the study, of whom 291 (61%) were male and 182 (39%) were female. The mean age of the study subjects was 66.2(4.04), and the mean overall quality of life scores in males and females were 28.4(3.7) and 29.07(3.7), respectively. The mean and standard deviation of physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores in males and females were 12.3(2.2) and 16.6(2.5), respectively. Age had inverse correlation with QOL and MS and had a direct and significant relationship with PCS. In multiple linear regression, significant relation was observed between chronic illness, hypertension, skeletal disease, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, marital status, hookah using and smoking with PCS and also between marital status, hypertension and mental illness with MCS.
Conclusion: What is obtained from this study and the other relevant studies indicate that QOL is a multifactorial phenomenon that is influenced by demographic, clinical and behavioral factors, but the role of chronic diseases is more obvious. Therefore, it seems necessary to adopt health policies to correct the lifestyle of society.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of the Greek Population Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic during the National Lockdown (March 23–May 03, 2020): A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Anestis Andreas , Lomvardeas Odysseas , Papadakis Nikolaos
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward the COVID-19 pandemic during the total lockdown of spring 2020 in Greece.
Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 13 to May 5, 2020 using snowball sampling method. Adult residents of Greece anonymously completed an online survey that was distributed through email and social media. Demographic questions, questions regarding the knowledge about the disease etiology, diagnosis and prevention, and questions related to the respondents’ attitude and perception toward the restriction measures and the confidence in different kinds of institutions were included in the survey items. The appropriate statistical analyses were conducted according to the type of variable and the research question.
Results: A total of 1396 fully complete questionnaires were collected. A moderate-high knowledge about COVID-19 was found in the study population (median 74.8%). The highest knowledge scores were found in females (74.8%, p = 0.015), individuals over 60 years old (77.3%, p < 0.001) and individuals having completed post-secondary or tertiary education (76.5%, p < 0.001). Five attitude patterns toward the pandemic were identified: “trust in institutions”, “trust in the restriction measures”, “trust in media and the internet”, “trust in traditional institutions”, and “measures deniers”. Age, education, and knowledge score were the factors defining the attitudinal patterns revealed.
Conclusion: Education and public awareness seem to be the factors defining the successful management of the pandemic’s first wave in Greece. Repeated observations of attitudinal patterns are important for eliminating irresponsible behaviors in periods of health crises.
The Epidemiology of Hospital-Referred Injury in Iran-2016: a hierarchical model
Authors: Akbari Hossein , Mahdian Mehrdad , Gilasi Hamid Reza , Asgarian Fatemeh Sadat
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Accidents and their injuries are one of the major public health problems and have long been considered as a very destructive and deadly factor for humans in the world. The extensive damage caused by accidents in Iran is significant. This is an ecological study that was conducted with the aim of determining the trend and epidemiological pattern of injuries caused by accidents in victims who referred to the emergency department of Iranian hospitals in 2016.
Methods: This study was performed based on secondary analysis of existing data. In order to collect the necessary information, all reports of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education on accidents and deaths in 2016 were used. Excel, SPSS and GIS software were used to analyze the results. Also, hierarchical analysis was used to cluster the provinces.
Results: The highest frequency was related to the age group of ≥20 years (74%). Also, out of the total cases, 5013 people died and 358 were disabled. Out of 1483425 cases in 2015, 68.6% were men. The scene of the most accident was at home (36%), followed by the street (32%). The highest rate of accidents per 100 000 population was related to trauma (598.72) followed by traffic accidents (570.53). Highest incidence rate per thousand population was related to Qazvin (46.30) and Kermanshah (38.10) provinces and Sistan and Baluchestan province had the lowest incidence rate (2.9 per thousand).
Conclusion: Organized policy-making and decision-making to prevent accidents can be one of the important health priorities and a necessary factor in promoting safety in Iran.
Multi-Class Classification using Mixtures of Univariate and Multivariate ROC Curves
Authors: Gajjalavari Siva , Rudravaram Vishnu Vardhan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is one of the widely used supervised classification technique to allocate/classify the individuals and also instrumental in comparing diagnostic tests. Generally, to deal with classification problems we need to have knowledge on class labels. In most of the medical scenarios, most of data sets exhibit multi-model patterns in class labels which leads to multi-class classification problems. The main aim of this study is to address on the issue of constructing ROC models when there exists multimodel patterns in the class labels further, to classify the individuals for better diagnosis and also to reduce the complexity of graphical representation of ROC curves in such classification problems.
Methods: A new version of univariate and multivariate ROC models are proposed in the framework of Finite Mixtures, due to the flexibility of identifying and modelling the subcomponents in the heterogeneous populations.
Results: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Disk Hernia datasets are used and simulation studies are also performed. Results show that the proposed models possess better accuracy when compared with Bi-Normal and MROC models with reasonable low 1-Specificity and higher Sensitivity. The ROC curves are depicted in a 2D space rather than higher dimension for multi-class classification problem.
Conclusion: It is suggested that before one proceeds to model ROC curves, it is better to take a look at the density patterns of the study variable(s), which in turn help in explaining the true information between the classes and also provides good amount of “true” accuracy.
DESCONSTRUIR A PRÁTICA PARA RECRIAR A TEORIA: como formamos professores para a educação inclusiva
Authors: Lanuti José Eduardo de Oliveira Evangelista , Baptista Maria Isabel Sampaio Dias , Mantoan Maria Teresa Eglér
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, apresentamos o que o Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas em Ensino e Diferença (LEPED), da Faculdade de Educação (FE) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), tem produzido, recentemente, visando à formação continuada de professores. Referimo-nos, mais especificamente, às ações que contam com o apoio da Escola de Extensão da UNICAMP (EXTECAMP). Tratamos de nossas experiências na construção e desenvolvimento de Cursos de Difusão Cultural, que têm nos proporcionado a possibilidade de desconstruir o conhecimento educacional tradicionalmente baseado nos ritos da Modernidade. Apresentamos o que temos conseguido implementar e desenvolver por meio de projetos formativos, em pequena e larga escalas. Enquanto criadores e professores de alguns dos cursos que são oferecidos pelo Laboratório, implementamos novas maneiras de tornar o processo de formação docente, a distância, mais próximo da realidade escolar vivida por aqueles que estão no “chão da escola”. Outra preocupação tem sido a atenção à acessibilidade dos conteúdos. A partir das avaliações dos cursos, os participantes nos revelaram o impacto que esse tipo de formação tem em suas práticas e estudos. Constatamos a força positiva que a composição entre filosofia, literatura e arte, próprias da estética inovadora desses cursos do LEPED, tem trazido para a formação desses professores participantes.
AUTISMO, HISTÓRIAS INFANTIS CLÁSSICAS: uso de tecnologias digitais na sala de recursos multifuncionais
Authors: Custódio Stéphani Vilela Ferreira , Miyashiro Anita de Oliveira , Rosa Thaís de Almeida , Terçariol Adriana Aparecida de Lima
Published: August 2022

Este estudo teve como principal finalidade apresentar e analisar uma experiência com o uso de histórias infantis clássicas e tecnologias digitais em uma Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM), de um município do Estado de São Paulo. Essa vivência ocorreu no ano de 2021, com o retorno do ensino presencial, momento no qual surgiu a necessidade de implementar um projeto que contemplasse os estudantes atendidos, buscando oportunizar e facilitar a aprendizagem, especialmente de estudantes com espectro autista. Para a concepção dessa proposta, adotou-se como parâmetro o Desenho Universal de Aprendizagem (DUA), que contribuiu com o desenvolvimento dos estudantes, dentro e fora do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). Os principais resultados evidenciaram a eficiência dessa proposta planejada e implementada no âmbito do AEE, aproveitando as adaptações ou recursos produzidos para atender as particularidades dos estudantes público-alvo da Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, pois foram desenvolvidas de forma diversificada, oportunizando novas reflexões e diversas maneiras de se aprender, considerando sempre as potencialidades e a diminuição das barreiras. O uso das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) ampliaram as possibilidades dentro do contexto vivenciado, oportunizando uma aprendizagem mais equitativa, inclusiva e significativa, partindo das particularidades de cada aluno, visando seu desenvolvimento de forma integral.
Percepciones del riesgo asociadas al Complejo Volcánico Cumbal en estudiantes del municipio de Cumbal – Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Narváez Obando Paola , Baquero Torres María Inés
Published: August 2022

El artículo de investigación explora las percepciones del riesgo asociadas al Complejo Volcánico Cumbal de estudiantes en el municipio de Cumbal. Analizando los saberes y los conocimientos ancestrales de Los Pastos, el reconocimiento del territorio como lugar sagrado, la comprensión de los fenómenos volcánicos y los acercamientos a la gestión del riesgo por parte de los estudiantes. Corresponde a una investigación cualitativa con un enfoque histórico hermenéutico; empleando entrevistas y mapa de territorio y el análisis de la información bajo el procedimiento de triangulación. Se destaca, el vínculo con la naturaleza, representándola como la fuente ancestral; el origen del pueblo por medio de narrativas orales; el territorio como un lugar sagrado, organismo vivo del cual también hacen parte; la comprensión del riesgo que implicaría una erupción y los efectos en su comunidad, territorio y ambiente.
Análisis del proceso de implementación de la Política Pública de Envejecimiento y Vejez. Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: López García Angelica María
Published: August 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el proceso de implementación de la Política Pública de Envejecimiento y Vejez del municipio de Ibagué – Colombia para el periodo 2016-2019. Se desarrolló mediante una metodología mixta de alcance descriptivo, se recogió la información mediante la revisión de documentos institucionales y 32 entrevistas semiestructuradas con adultos mayores y diversos actores involucrados. La información fue sistematizada y analizada a través de la identificación de categorías conceptuales con apoyo en el programa SPSS. El resultado principal es la falta de reconocimiento de parte de los actores de un proceso de socialización de la política y de las acciones adelantadas, se evidencia un bajo nivel de integración y trabajo intersectorial lo cual conduce a un impacto reducido en la restitución y protección de los derechos de los adultos mayores.
Funciones pragmáticas del marcador discursivo pues en el habla de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Marmolejo Caicedo Margareth
Published: August 2022

La partícula pues ha recibido especial atención por parte de los estudios sobremarcadores discursivos conversacionales, ya que presenta gran polifuncionalidad. El presente artículo describe las funciones pragmáticas del marcador discursivo puesencontradas en el corpus PRESEEA-Cali y contrasta los resultados con otros estudios sobre pues en otras variedades de habla en Colombia y otros países. Se analizaron 2262 muestras de pues provenientes de 36 entrevistas sociolingüísticas. Los resultadosrevelan que pues es un marcador polifuncional que está presente en todos los tipos de discurso, posee dos funciones pragmáticas principales, un total de diez subfunciones, y de estas, las más frecuentes son la de retrasar el discurso, la comentadora y la continuativa. Aunque las funciones y subfunciones halladas ya habían sido reportadas para pues en otras comunidades hispanohablantes, de modo que la comunidad de habla de Cali no parece hacer un uso particular de este marcador, un análisis contrastivo con resultados publicados sobre el uso de este marcador en Medellín ySantiago de Chile muestra patrones similares en cuanto a funciones y frecuencias con la primera variedad y diferencias con respecto a la segunda.