bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Absence of Measles Antibody in Healthcare Personnel and Efficacy of Booster Vaccination
Authors: Kim Chung-Jong , Bae Ji-Yun , Jun Kang-Il , Chung Hae-Sun , Kim Aeyeon , Kim Jihee , Son Hee-Jung , Lee Miae , Choi Hee-Jung
Published: May 2021

We aimed to identify the presence of the measles IgG antibody (mIgG-Ab) in healthcare personnel and finding out who needs the measles vaccination. The history of measles vaccination was obtained from the national vaccine registry. A baseline mIgG-Ab test was performed, and the measles vaccine was administered to participants who tested negative or equivocal for mIgG-Abs. During the study, 2885 (87.3%) of the 3303 employees were tested for measles serostatus. The baseline seropositivity rate for mIgG-Abs was 91.9%. Among the 234 seronegative cases, 82.9% were born after 1985. The seroprevalence rate was lower in those who received the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine >10 years before the testing time, especially if they were born after 1985 and if there was only one previous record of vaccination. Among the 234 seronegative cases, MMR vaccination was administered in 174 cases, of which serostatus was evaluated in 146 cases. After the first dose, positive seroconversion was achieved in 126 participants (86.3%). After a second dose, 15 achieved (75.0%) positive seroconversion. In healthcare personnel born after the period when measles incidence significantly decreased, it may be necessary to reassess their immune status for measles if more than 10 years have elapsed since the last vaccination.
Sediment Nutrient Flux Rates in a Shallow, Turbid Lake Are More Dependent on Water Quality Than Lake Depth
Authors: Evans Jordan L. , Murdock Justin N. , Taylor Jason M. , Lizotte Richard E.
Published: May 2021

The bottom sediments of shallow lakes are an important nutrient sink; however, turbidity may alter the influence of water depth on sediment nutrient uptake by reducing light and associated oxic processes, or altering nutrient availability. This study assessed the relative influence of water quality vs. water depth on sediment nutrient uptake rates in a shallow agricultural lake during spring, when sediment and nutrient loading are highest. Nitrate and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) flux rates were measured from sediment cores collected across a depth and spatial gradient, and correlated to water quality. Overlying water depth and distance to shore did not influence rates. Both nitrate and SRP sediment uptake rates increased with greater Secchi depth and higher water temperature, and nitrate and SRP rates increased with lower water total N and total P, respectively. The importance of water temperature on N and P cycling was confirmed in an additional experiment; however, different patterns of nitrate reduction and denitrification suggest that alternative N2 production pathways may be important. These results suggest that water quality and temperature can be key drivers of sediment nutrient flux in a shallow, eutrophic, turbid lake, and water depth manipulation may be less important for maximizing spring runoff nutrient retention than altering water quality entering the lake.
Highly Resolved Runoff Path Simulation Based on Urban Surface Landscape Layout for Sub-Catchment Scale
Authors: Bai Tian , Borowiak Klaudia , Wu Yawen , Zhang Jingli
Published: May 2021

The present study explored the regularities of the path and network structure of surface runoff formed under the influence of urban surface landscapes. We used unmanned aerial vehicle sensors to examine terrain and land use/cover change. The sub-catchments of a typical city, Luohe, China, were evaluated for the effect of landscape on surface runoff. Landscape and topographic parameters from 166 urban sub-catchments in Luohe were obtained by measuring digital surface models and orthophoto maps. The minimum cumulative resistance model was used to simulate potential runoff and 491,820 potential runoff paths, connected upstream and downstream, were obtained in 166 sub-catchments. The chi-square test was used to compare simulation runoff paths and actual runoff depth, with the results showing that they led to the same distribution trend. When the gravity coefficient was greater than 18.93, path disconnection occurred among 166 sub-catchments, with a decrease in channels. The potential runoff distribution appeared in aggregation; as the gravity coefficient increased from low to high, aggregation showed a trend of increasing initially but subsequently decreasing. The initial runoff formed sub-catchments with high gravity coefficients, then accumulated and spread to the others. It is important that proper measures are taken to establish a unified planning of the city’s surface landscape in order to produce suitable surface runoff distribution.
New formats of doing business under the influence of digitalization
Authors: Pavlov P. , Zashchitina E. , Karagodin A.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses new formats for doing business by companies that appear in connection with digitalization in all economic spheres of activity. The presented results of the study allow, on the basis of considering the impact of digitalization on the global economy, to analyze the change in business models of companies by industry (most attention is paid to the banking sector, trade, energy sector, the automotive sector) and to compare the volumes of revenue and profi ts of companies that actively use the advantages in their activities. digitalization of business, and companies that are late with their implementation or abandon them.
Estimation of the export demand function (for example, Russia’s trade with Germany
Authors: Iordanova V. , Shapor M
Published: May 2021

The authors of this scientific article propose an approach that allows to describe the dependence of the export dynamics of the studied exporting country on the socio-economic state of the importing countries, followed by modeling and forecasting the export development of the studied country, taking into account the analysis of various scenario conditions for the development of the world economy. Within the framework of this scientific article, we also provide our own methodological development of a criterion for the eff ectiveness of a country’s export, based on the formula used by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany for assessing the eff ectiveness (productivity) of a country’s export using our hypothesis about the relationship between the socio-economic state of importing countries and the dynamics of the country’s export volumes — exporter.
Trends of agricultural cooperatives development in the United States of America
Authors: Golovina Svetlana Georgievna , Smirnova Lidiya Nikolaevna
Published: May 2021

The aim of the research is to study and summarized the experience of agricultural cooperation development in the United States of America, to identify the main problems and positive trends in cooperative development in the American agricultural economy. Within the framework of this article, the historical conditions of the origin and development of the cooperative movement in the United States are analyzed, trends and dynamics of agricultural cooperatives evolution at the present time are identified, the main factors (limitations) of their successful functioning and the most significant organizational innovations undertaken by agricultural cooperatives in the context of environmental changes are specified. In addition, the current trends in the activities of US agricultural cooperatives, revealed in the course of generalization and structuring of scientific materials and statistical information, are especially noted, such as a reduction in the number of cooperatives, a permanent increase in their size, institutional improvement of the internal structure, and the active introduction of technological, technical and organizational innovations. From the point of view of practical significance, some new approaches are noted in organizing the activities of cooperatives, in particular, (1) raising capital from shareholders who are not their patrons, (2) distribution of profits according to both the volume of transactions and the amount of investment in cooperative activities, (3 ) the use of contracts that take into account the strict observance of many conditions of supply, (4) adjustment (to a certain extent) of the principles of openness and equality, which makes it possible to get rid of producers who differ in their activities by mismanagement and wastefulness, (5) individualization of control (through differentiation in the voting procedure ) and property (through the use of modern financial instruments). The experience of developing agricultural cooperation in the United States is advisable to use in domestic economic practice to increase the efficiency of Russian agricultural cooperatives functioning.
Trends and variation in antidepressant prescribing in English primary care: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Bogowicz Paul , Curtis Helen J , Walker Alex J , Cowen Philip , Geddes John , Goldacre Ben
Published: May 2021

Background

Antidepressants are commonly prescribed. There are clear national guidelines in relation to treatment sequencing. This study examines trends and variation in antidepressant prescribing across English primary care.

Aim

To examine trends and variation in antidepressant prescribing in England, with a focus on: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs); paroxetine; and dosulepin and trimipramine.

Design & setting

Retrospective longitudinal study using national and practice-level data on antidepressant items prescribed per year (1998–2018) and per month (2010–2019).

Method

Class- and drug-specific proportions were calculated at national and practice levels. Descriptive statistics were generated, percentile charts and maps were plotted, and logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results

Antidepressant prescriptions more than tripled between 1998 and 2018, from 377 items per 1000 population to 1266 per 1000. MAOI prescribing fell substantially, from 0.7% of all antidepressant items in 1998 to 0.1% in 2018. There was marked variation between practices in past year prescribing of paroxetine (median practice proportion [MPP] = 1.7%, interdecile range [IDR] = 2.6%) and dosulepin (MPP = 0.7%, IDR = 1.8%), but less for trimipramine (MPP = 0%, IDR = 0.2%).

Conclusion

Rapid growth and substantial variation in antidepressant prescribing behaviour was found between practices. The causes could be explored using mixed-methods research. Interventions to reduce prescribing of specific antidepressants, such as dosulepin, could include review prompts, alerts at the time of prescribing, and clinician feedback through tools like OpenPrescribing.net.
Subordinação, separação e autonomia
Authors: Pan-Chiu Lai
Published: May 2021

Na história da relação religião-estado na China, o modelo de “subordinação da religião ao estado” foi dominante durante séculos. Nos últimos anos, algumas igrejas protestantes chinesas defenderam o modelo de “separação entre igreja e estado”. Por meio de uma análise histórica e teológica, este estudo argumenta que, a fim de aliviar as tensões entre o protestantismo chinês e o governo chinês contemporâneo, uma alternativa conceitual melhor é reconsiderar a questão em termos de autonomia ao invés de separação ou subordinação, e defender a permissão legal para a coexistência de igrejas oficiais e não oficiais e concedendo diferentes graus de autonomia a cada uma.
Aile Danışmanlığında Maneviyat Boyutunun Önemi
Authors: KILINÇER Hatice
Published: May 2021

Maneviyat, bireyin yaşantısı ve aile ilişkilerini etkileyen önemli bir unsur olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Birey, aile ve maneviyat arasındaki karşılıklı ilişki ve etki, aile terapisinde maneviyat boyutunun ele alınmasını önemli kılmaktadır. Aile Danışmanlığında maneviyat boyutunun terapi sürecine entegre edilmesi özellikle son yıllarda güncel ve dikkat çekici bir alan olarak karşımıza çıkmakta, konuyla ilgili çalışmaların sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, maneviyat boyutunun aile terapilerine entegre edilmesinin önemi üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle aile ve maneviyat arasındaki ilişkiye değinilmiş, daha sonra maneviyat boyutunun aile danışmanlığında yer almasının önemi teorik çerçevede ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı maneviyat ve aile arasındaki yakın ve karşılıklı ilişkinin daha net bir şekilde anlaşılması ve aile danışmanlığında maneviyat boyutunun entegre edilmesinin önemiyle alakalı kavramsal bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Bu bağlamda aile danışmanlığında maneviyat boyutunu ele almak isteyen araştırmacılar için yeni bir bakış açısı sunmak istenmiştir.
Nationalism in R.K Narayans The Guide and Syed Waliullahs The Ugly Asian: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kabir K. M. Wazed , Nishi Fahmida Haque
Published: May 2021

Nativism or nationalism both carried one strong message of love, devotion, dedication for a country from an individual, a group of people to a whole nation. It is an ideology, a belief that holds people together living in the same country but with different cultures, languages, traditions, education, religion, and a different perspective of seeing life. This research delved into performing a comparative and theoretical analysis of R K Narayan's The Guide and Syed Waliullah's The Ugly Asian. Here the paper is based on nativism or nationalism, the attitude and the actions of the characters presented in the books with the point of view of the writers. R K Narayan's The Guide pictured a rural man and his journey, journey toward finding himself, finding his unconditional love for people, and finding the nationalist under his bare skin where the heartbeats. Syed Waliullah's The Ugly Asian is breaking the chain which tries to suffocate freedom of the country, whether it is the fraudulent and anti-people government or the bloodsucking white-skin colonial people.
Failure prediction of road transportation firms: evidence from six European countries
Authors: LUKASON Oliver , SALMAR Ott
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to create a failure prediction model for road transportation firms, as literature so far lacks intercountry evidence for this sector. Five financial ratios from Altman (1968) study are used for bankrupted and survived road transportation firms from six European countries with logistic regression as the method. The study indicates, that while all five financial ratios are significant in the intercountry prediction model, the accuracies of the model can vary through countries. The accuracies of single-country models do not differ a lot from the inter-country model accuracy, but in turn the significances of predictors can substantially vary through countries.
A comparative study on the challenges of developing the writing skill: english language and nahuatl language
Authors: ROMÁN Edgar , RODRÍGUEZ Verónica , MARTÍNEZ Jorge , MATA Karla
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research work is to detect challenges that English and Nahuatl learners face when developing writing skills during first level in order to suggest strategies for implementing in future studies. The importance of comparing both languages is because Nahuatl is considered as an endangered language and English has significant pedagogy for the teaching-learning process. Therefore, it is expected that some methodologies can complement each other. The following results were obtained using a qualitative case study since it is allowed to explore and identify different factors that have the same purpose. In this case, there was a comparison between English and Nahuatl learners to determine the main challenges in both situations. Hence, 2 groups were selected for being observed and interviewed: an English class and a Nahuatl class. In addition, this research was designed for being carried out online due to the Covid-19 situation that is being lived currently.
Desarrollo del algoritmo genético heurístico para la coordinación de protecciones
Authors: Shih Meng Yen , Lezama-Zárraga Francisco Román , Chan-Gonzalez Jorge de Jesus , Che-Puch José Gadiel
Published: May 2021

The coordination of overcurrent relays is an easy task when dealing with a radial distribution line. However, when directional units are in place to protect meshed networks, the problem becomes very complex. This is because the protection device must offer primary and backup operation for the same or multiple lines using the same protection setting. Moreover, considering two parameters namely the time dial setting and the current pickup setting make the coordination problem even more complex to be achieved manually. Therefore, in this article, the protection coordination study is formulated as an optimization problem to be solved using a heuristic Genetic Algorithm. This not only saves time for the protection engineer; it also transfers the burden to a computer using artificial intelligence and guarantee that the results are close to optimal.
Mechanical upgrade to a proposed mechanical transition ventilation
Authors: Reyes-Martínez Roberto Alejandro , Miranda-Pascual María Elena , Esqueda-Elizondo José Jaime , Trujillo-Toledo Diego Armando
Published: May 2021

Due to the contingency situation that has been generated in various parts of the world and the declaration of a pandemic carried out by the World Health Organization against the Sars-CoV-2 virus, various people, educational institutions and companies are carrying out the development of mechanical ventilators that can meet the need for this equipment in their countries. This paper shows experiences obtained in the design and construction of a transitional mechanical ventilator that allows compliance with the minimum requirements that doctors and healthcare professionals consider when a person is piped. Also, it helps in the seek to comply the regulations that the federal government agency elaborates with the purpose of reviewing the existing proposals for open source mechanical ventilators. It also contains the technical requirements that are need to be covered by the designers. These regulations cover the feasibility for replicating the ventilators proposed, based on certain factors that will be described in this paper. Once the ventilators have been tested, its improvement is carried out from the mechanical part, considering the electrical element to be used, in order to obtain a transitional mechanical ventilator that could be easily replicated with national suppliers.
Characteristics of the agricultural sector of Aguascalientes, challenges and perspectives
Authors: VÁZQUEZ-ELORZA Ariel , ROMERO-ROMERO Yair , ARAOZ-BALTAZAR Iván
Published: May 2021

This research aims to identify the characteristics of the population in the agricultural sector of Aguascalientes. This entity has comparative advantages due to its strategic geographic location to supply a demanding market for food products. It is estimated that there are approximately 17,234 heads of households dedicated to agricultural businesses with an average age between 49 and 57 years. Furthermore, 36.43% of the members have food insecurity problems (mild, moderate, severe). We used a logistic regression model; socioeconomic variables of the sector are analyzed. The results show that the agricultural population has high levels of social service deficiencies. It is suggested the importance of undertaking social public policies that address problems related to the rational use of water, protected agriculture, access and quality of public services, promote value chains in the sector, and undertake a process of productive reconversion.
Calculadora para dimensionar sistemas fotovoltaicos interconectados
Authors: Flores-Ramírez Oscar , Jimenez-Aguas Jimmy , Huesca-Lazcano Erick Eduardo , Romero-Rodríguez Gabriel
Published: May 2021

The generation of electrical energy by means of photovoltaic solar energy has become the most profitable today. The most important thing for an energy engineer are the calculations, for which an automated calculator in Excel has been designed, where the calculations of a dimensioning for a photovoltaic system interconnected to the electrical power network are summarized, including billing analyzes of the rate you are in and the DAC RATE (High Consumption Domestic), RATE 01, in order to save time and money, when calculating and studying economically, it is highly important to know this type of information Since people only sell projects without any knowledge and damage the reputation of the professional area, with this automated Excel calculator anyone with basic knowledge can manipulate it without any problem, giving an excellent service saving too much time on corrections where that costs money, the system itself graphically explains the generation of the SFVI, economic study and recovery time, the client will have a broad knowledge of what you pay for.
Estéticas de lo popular: apropiación y subversión de la cultura hegemónica en la literatura afrocolombiana contemporánea (Hazel Robinson Abrahams, César Rivas Lara y Amalia Lú Posso Figueroa)
Authors:   , Mena Barco Jhon Jairo
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación, inserta en el complejo universo de los estudios culturales, realiza un valioso aporte a la literatura afrocolombiana y afrolatinoamericana, al estudiar la novela No Give Up, ¡Maan! ¡No te rindas! de Hazel Robinson Abrahams, los Relatos fantásticos de César Rivas Lara y la colección de cuentos titulada Vean vé, mis nanas negras, escrita por Amalia Lú Posso Figueroa. Autores colombianos que configuran representaciones de la identidad afrocolombiana mediante un proyecto estético donde se narran saberes ancestrales, se describe la cosmovisión afrocolombiana y se evoca una historia compartida; construyendo así una literatura que sirve como expresión de los imaginarios heredados de África y que apunta a la descolonización cultural y la subversión de las técnicas narrativas de la cultura hegemónica eurocéntrica, en aras de la preservación de un patrimonio ancestral. La investigación está organizada en cuatro capítulos donde se demuestran cómo en las obras se configura una representación estética de la religiosidad popular, de modo que lo religioso dinamiza la propuesta literaria de estos escritores afrocolombianos y permite descubrir procesos de apropiación, resistencia, negociación y subversión de saberes. Articulada con esto, la segunda categoría de análisis tiene que ver con los afectos y las sensibilidades que se gestionan en las interacciones de los grupos humanos en tensión. Se detiene en el plano corporal y sensible para interpretar los dispositivos a través de los cuales los cuerpos se reconocen a sí mismos, interactúan con los otros y desautomatizan los sentidos para aprehender el mundo. El trabajo interpretativo aborda disquisiciones sobre racismo y racialización, etnicismo y mestizaje, posibilitando el entendimiento de la apuesta estética que construyen los autores como mecanismo de protesta y reivindicación de la cultura afrocolombiana desde la literatura.
Crystalline hydroxyapatite coating by hydrolysis using β-tricalcium phosphate target by pulsed-laser deposition
Authors: Yashiro Hidehiko , Kakehata Masayuki , Umebayashi Nobuhiro , Ito Atsuo
Published: May 2021

Α β-tricalcium phosphate target was employed to decrease the annealing temperature for crystalline hydroxyapatite coating through a hydrolysis process by pulsed-laser deposition. The crystalline hydroxyapatite content of calcium phosphate coating layers was quantitatively evaluated using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and compared with that of pure polycrystalline powder. Calcium phosphate changes from an amorphous phase to crystalline hydroxyapatite through a crystalline α-tricalcium phosphate phase at around 400 °C under an H2O vapor pressure of 0.1 Torr. The crystalline hydroxyapatite content increases steeply by hydrolysis at 500 °C as the H2O vapor pressure is increased from vacuum to 0.15  Torr, but then decreases somewhat at higher pressure. These results indicate that excessive gas pressure blocks small ablated particles such as atoms, ions, molecules, and clusters that would typically be completely hydrolyzed instantaneously following deposition on the substrate.
Characterization of energy potential in tunable rf-SQUIDs with the classical regime toward precise design of superconducting flux qubit
Authors: Saida Daisuke , Watase Narii , Yamanashi Yuki
Published: May 2021

The detailed characteristics of classical states in a radio-frequency superconducting quantum interference device (rf-SQUID) with well-designed energy-potential shape are investigated at 4.2 K. Using Nb/AlO
x
standard process which enables precise circuit-parameter implementation, the rf-SQUID is designed in its energy potential. Directions of persistent current can be distinguished in the rf-SQUID we have fabricated. Analyses in circuit simulations indicate the device design based on enough high critical current provides available parameters to construct the device for 10 mK measurement by circuit-parameter scaling. This knowledge may contribute to the precise design of the rf-SQUID for superconducting qubit through device process with lower critical current density.
Tendências quanto ao conhecimento e às aplicações biotecnológicas do Psidium guineense evidenciadas pelo monitoramento tecnológico
Authors: Rodrigues-Silva Paolo Lucas , Fernandes Pedro Brício Brito , Rodrigues Maria Tereza , Mendonça Marise Leite , Figueiredo Luciana Harumi Morimoto , Grossi-de-Sa Maria Fatima
Published: May 2021

A família Myrtaceae é parte fundamental da economia mundial e está presente em diferentes países na Europa, África, Ásia e América do Sul, com mais de 133 gêneros e cerca de 4.000 espécies descritas, entre as quais se destaca o araçá (Psidium guineense) no Brasil. Essa espécie tem uso potencial em diversos setores econômicos como o farmacêutico, alimentício e a indústria madeireira. Em razão da importância do araçá e de sua ocorrência em todo território brasileiro, estudos sobre o monitoramento tecnológico do araçá podem servir de base para futuras pesquisas que visem sua utilização para a obtenção de produtos industriais, bem como para produtores que desejem agregar valor aos produtos à base de araçá. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que 61% das publicações (artigos científicos, teses, dissertações e patentes) sobre o araçá estão relacionadas ao setor ambiental, 37% à biotecnologia da saúde, e 2%, à biotecnologia industrial. Além disso, 97,6% das informações sobre o araçá estão publicadas em forma de artigos científicos, teses ou dissertações, enquanto 2,4% estão protegidas em forma de patentes. Assim, os dados do monitoramento tecnológico do araçá enfatizam a importância da integração e da cooperação científica e tecnológica entre universidades, institutos de pesquisa e os setores industrial/produtivo, para inserir o Brasil em uma posição mais estratégica na exploração de seus recursos genéticos.
Caracterização morfoagronômica de acessos de mamoeiro do banco de germoplasma da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura
Authors: Nobre Vinicius Ferreira , E Silva Sebastião De Oliveira , Da Silva Mauricio Dos Santos
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma caracterização morfoagronômica dos acessos do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (BAG) de mamoeiro da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, por meio do estudo da diversidade genética e da análise multivariada. A caracterização foi feita em 92 acessos do germoplasma de mamoeiro, com 20 descritores, dos quais 9 eram quantitativos e, 11, qualitativos. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva dos caracteres quantitativos, dos quais se destacaram acessos com 20° Brix de sólidos solúveis e 5,5 kgf cm-2 de firmeza do fruto. A análise multivariada dos 20 descritores resultou na formação de três grupos. Os acessos apresentaram diversidade moderada. Os acessos CMF006, CMF054, CMF056, CMF067, CMF072, CMF082, CMF115, CMF131, CMF188 e CMF204 destacaram-se quanto ao teor de sólidos solúveis, firmeza de fruto, fibrosidade da polpa, altura de planta e altura dos primeiros frutos. Distribuídos equitativamente nos grupos ‘Formosa’ e ‘Solo’, esses acessos são em sua maioria oriundos de cultivares brasileiras. Apesar da estreita base genética do mamoeiro, o estudo indicou a presença de uma diversidade moderada e de importante variabilidade genética em acessos de interesse agronômico. Portanto, o BAG do mamoeiro da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura pode atender às demandas de melhoramento genético e dos produtores rurais.
Corpo, mente e immaginazione: l’essenza mentale dell’architettura
Authors: Pallasmaa Juhani
Published: May 2021

In our culture, dominated by shallow rationality and reliance on the empirical, measur-able and demonstrable, the embodied, experiential and mental dimensions of design are supressed. Yet, there is an interest in the possibilities of neuroscience to reveal the roles of space, form, materiality, memory and imagery in our sensory experiences and mind. Neuroscience supports the mental objectives in design, which are in danger of being eliminated in the crudely rationalized, quantified and functionalized processes of de-sign. The task of architecture extends beyond its utilitarian purposes to the existential and mental sphere. Articulating lived existential space, architecture constitutes our sys-tem of externalized order, hierarchy, memory and meaning. Neuroscience will reveal how the external and internal, material and mental, utilitarian and poetic dimensions constitute an integrated existential experience. The interest in the mental dimensions of architecture will confirm the significance of intuition, empathy and imagination.
Prendersi cura del mondo
Authors: McGilchrist Iain
Published: May 2021

Discusses the role that attention plays in constituting the world, rather than reducing phenomena to the brain level. Discusses the different kinds of attention delineated by the divided hemispheres of the brain. On the one hand the left hemisphere specialised in grasping and manipulating the world, whereas the right hemisphere specialises in relat-ing to and understanding the world. Discusses how reliance on one or the other kind of attention has cultural, psychological and social implications.
Dall’intuizione all’immersione: architettura e neuroscienze
Authors: Farling Melissa
Published: May 2021

Argues that architect’s have a moral imperative to transform and support living conditions and recommends a hippocratic oath for architects to recognise their responsibility to support human wellbeing. A value change needs to shift from considering architecture as an object to architecture as experience and architectural education must take the lead. Discusses the importance of empathy and defining performance outcomes. Suggest ways to apply neuroscientific research at multiple scales
Stato d’animo e significato in architettura
Authors: Pérez-Gómez Alberto
Published: May 2021

Explores the role of mood and meaning in architectural experience via the German no-tion of stimmung, relating to the central questions of temperance and harmony in music and architecture. Motor resonance and attunement are under-acknowledged ways that architecture shapes experience. Pedagogical skills that acknowledge the complexity of an embodied and situated consciousness, emphasising qualitative, experiential and em-bodied approaches.
Measuring content validity of academic psychological capital and locus of control in fresh graduates
Authors: Anselmi Pasquale , Colledani Daiana , Fabbris Luigi , Robusto Egidio , Scioni Manuela
Published: May 2021

Positive psychological capital (PsyCap; hope, resilience, self-efficacy, and optimism) and locus of control (LoC; internal and external) denote psychological dimensions which have been identified as crucial resources for occupational satisfaction and success. These dimensions could impact fresh graduates’ ability to stand the labour market in times of crisis. Two instruments, called Academic PsyCap and Academic LoC, have been specifically developed to evaluate these dimensions among fresh graduates. The two instruments consist of 34 and 10 items respectively, which have been selected, through factor analyses, from a large initial pool of items administered to fresh graduated at the University of Padova. Results suggested adequate psychometric properties for both Academic PsyCap and Academic LoC. The factor structure of the two instruments was confirmed (CFI = .92, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .07 for Academic PsyCap; CFI = .96, RMSEA = .05, SRMR = .05 for Academic LoC), and internal consistency was satisfactory for all the subscales. The two instruments are presented, and their psychometric properties are described.
Using eye-tracking to evaluate the viewing behavior on tourist landscapes
Authors: Zammarchi Gianpaolo , Contu Giulia , Frigau Luca
Published: May 2021

Every tourist website employs images to attract potential tourists. In particular, destination tourism websites use environmental images, such as landscapes, to attract the attention of tourists and to address their purchase choice. Nowadays the effectiveness of these tools has been enhanced by the use of eye-tracking technology. That allows measuring the exact eye position during the visualization of images, texts, or other visual stimuli. Consequently, eye-tracking data can be processed to obtain quantitative measures of viewing behavior that can be analyzed for several purposes in many fields such as to cluster consumers, to improve the effectiveness of a website and for neuroscience studies. This work is aimed to use eye-tracking technology to investigate user behavior according to different types of images (e.g. natural landscapes, city landscapes). Specifically, we compare different statistical descriptive tools with supervised and unsupervised models. Furthermore, we discuss the effectiveness of their results and their capacity to provide satisfactory and interpretable solutions that can be used by decision-makers.
SMART WORKING AND ONLINE PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WORK-FAMILY BALANCE, WELL-BEING, AND PERFORMANCE
Authors:   LUMSA University of Rome (Italy), Rapisarda Sebastiano , Ghersetti Elena ,   PSIOP, Institute of Psychotherapy and Intervention on Organizational Disease of Padua (Italy), Girardi Damiano ,   University of Padua (Italy), De Carlo Nicola Alberto ,   LUMSA University of Rome; University of Padua (Italy), Dal Corso Laura ,   University of Padua (Italy)
Published: May 2021

"During lockdown and the severe restrictions aimed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, in Italy great consideration has been given to “smart working” (SW). This term refers to a form of work characterized by the absence of time or space restrictions and an organization by phases, cycles, and objectives. The requirements for SW are: work must be carried out electronically; the tools must be adequate; performance must be measurable and focused on objectives; employees must have a suitable place to get their work done. These requirements ensure that the essential objectives of SW are attained: replacing the logic of performing tasks with that of achieving objectives; allowing everyone to manage work actively and autonomously; stimulating more decisive accountability in work, and better performance. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, action-research interventions have been conducted by private and public organizations. The private sector has endeavored to meet the requirements described above. This has not always been the case in the public sector, where largely widespread and indiscriminate use of SW has been made, not always complying with the protocols. However, even within the “emergency” limits of these experiences, SW has generally been accepted. The main advantages reported by employees are time and money saved on travel and food, in addition to improved family life. However, some problems have also emerged. These include the perception of social isolation; difficulty in disconnecting from technology; inadequacy of the tools; inadequate communication with managers. We also found that the health conditions of some “smart workers” have worsened in terms of anxiety, sleep disorders, and emotional symptoms. The data clearly show the complexity of analyses and interventions in relation to the SW phenomenon. The protection of employees’ health, especially in terms of recovery and work-family balance, appears to be particularly complex. In this context, the authors’ experience shows that online psychology has become more significant because it allows to support employees at any time. The literature highlights the growing use of online psychological support also through smartphone apps that provide effective interventions anywhere. Therefore, if, on the one hand, the requirements, objectives, and good practices of SW are to be pursued to limit the critical issues that have arisen, on the other, organizations should provide psychological support to employees even at a distance and by using appropriate technologies."
ACOUSTIC MODELS OF THE MAIN SOURCES OF NOISE OF MULTI-SPINDLE DRILLING WOODWORKING MACHINE
Authors: Ruslyakov Dmitry
Published: May 2021

The harmful factors in the woodworking industry include the increased noise level in the workplace. This is especially true when working with multi-spindle drilling woodworking machines. The main sources of noise include the constant speed of drills, the geometric shape of the motor and the body of the cutting units, as well as the pneumatic feed mechanism of the cutting units or workpieces.
The article presents a theoretical justification of noise sources, which allowed us to obtain the equation of sound power of noise sources in general form. The acoustic calculation of the main noise sources was performed using the obtained formulas. The obtained acoustic models of the main noise sources showed that the practical calculation of sound pressure levels or sound power is actually reduced to determining the vibration rates on the natural vibration forms of the sources.
REDUCING THE AERODYNAMIC NOISE GENERATED BY A PNEUMATIC CONVEYOR USING THE ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF AIR CUSHION THICKNESS CONTROL
Authors: Murzinov Valery , Murzinov Pavel , Murzinov Yury , Popov Sergey
Published: May 2021

The article describes the sources of aerodynamic noise generated inside an air cushion as applicable to industrial conveyor
systems. The relationship between aerodynamic noise level and the air-space thickness is shown. The method of stabilizing the airspace
thickness is proposed to reduce the level of aerodynamic noise.
STUDY OF THE VIBRATION ISOLATION SYSTEM OF MARINE POWER PLANTS WITH A 5AL 25/30 DIESEL DRIVE
Authors: Minasyan Minas , Minasyan Armen , Naing Kyaw Thet
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the support and side stop vibration isolation system of two marine power plants DGA-
500 with a 5AL 25/30 drive diesel engine, in which a hypothesis is put forward about the imperfection of the shock absorption system.
The purpose of the research is to substantiate the imperfection of the support and side stop vibration isolation system of marine power
plants with a 5 AL 25/30 drive diesel engine.
The confirmation of this hypothesis and the achievement of this goal is justified on the basis of presentation of the results of field studies
on the project’s courts B437/11 and the personal presence during the preparation of DGA-500 to repair at the shipyard.
For the use of unbalanced engines as a drive for ship power plants, the authors, on the basis of a full-scale experimental study and
analysis of known works, recommend initially assessing the possibility and purpose of depreciation of the unit according to the Katz
unbalance criterion [1].
The objective of fixing the unit with diesel 5AL 25/30 on the criterion of imbalance Katz is soundproof, and the calculation of depreciation
should be based on the impact of side stop vibration isolators.
A significant improvement is recommended to the support 36-40 and side stop 41-52 vibration isolation system, elastic pipe fittings 8,
support frame 2 and turbocharger bracket 4 (Fig. 1).
THE ECONOMIC EFFECT OF USING THE NEW METHOD TO IMPLEMENT MEASURES TO REDUCE NOISE BY NOISE INSULATION AND ACOUSTIC BARRIER FOR GAS PIPELINES
Authors: Kuzminova Svetlana , Tupov Vladimir
Published: May 2021

An important environmental problem is exceeding the current sanitary standards on the territory of thermal power plants
(TPP) and in the surrounding residential area. One of the intense sources of noise at the TPP is the gas distribution points (GDP) and
the gas pipeline after it. The noise at the exit of the GDP building and along the length of the gas pipeline can be 110 dBA. Effective
methods of reducing noise from GDP and gas pipelines are the installation of acoustic barriers and the use of noise insulation materials.
The most effective is a set of measures to reduce noise including the joint use of the barrier and noise insulation. The cost of noise
reduction measures depends on many factor, including the type of materials, the thickness of the construction as well as the required
amount of noise reduction. Earlier in the works of the authors, it was shown that when planning noise reduction measures, it is necessary
to achieve equality of the specific reduced costs by using noise insulation and acoustic barriers. This will ensure minimal noise reduction
costs. In this paper, the economic effect of using the new method is considered. A new formula is proposed for determining the
economic losses in the case of inequality of the specific reduced costs for shielding and noise insulation. It is shown how the economic
losses increase in the case of an increase in the ratio between the specific reduced costs of shielding and noise insulation.
THEORETICAL STUDIES OF THE VELOCITIES OF THE VIBRATIONS OF DRILL BITS WOODWORKING DRILLING MACHINES
Authors: Ruslyakov Dmitry
Published: May 2021

On woodworking machines of the drilling group, drill bits of the following diameters (mm) are used at rotation speeds: SvP2
and SvA-2-ø 50 mm, n = 3000 rpm 4500 rpm; Sv8, Sv12-ø 10-16 mm, n = 2800 rpm; SGVP-ø up to 35 mm, n = 2800 rpm.
Acoustic models are described in detail in [1] as can be seen from the analytical dependences of sound pressure levels to calculate the
noise spectra, it is necessary to determine the oscillation velocities of the drill bit at their natural frequencies.
THE METHOD OF SEQUENTIAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOUND FIELDS
Authors: Ivanov Nickolay , Kurtsev Gennady , Shashurin Aleksandr
Published: May 2021

A rule for describing the sequential transformation of the sound fields when properties of the surfaces or structural elements
change due to such basic processes as sound absorption, reflection, diffraction, or sound divergence is proposed. The main assumption
is that sound fields are non-coherent, i.e., resonant phenomena and sound interference are not considered. The examples show
solutions to such problems:
- sound propagation in space if there are artificial structures;
- sound propagation in the rooms;
- efficiency calculation of the noise protection structures;
- calculation of the expected noise level of the machinery and separation of the contribution of noise and vibration sources to sound
fields (for example, an external sound field, a sound field in the office, etc.)
THE PROBLEMS OF SELECTING THE POWER PLANT FOR LIGHT PROPELLER-DRIVEN AIRCRAFT AND UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE
Authors: Moshkov Petr , Samokhin Valery , Yakovlev Alexey , Bolun Chen
Published: May 2021

The problem of selecting a propeller-driven power plant including a single propeller and a piston engine for an aircraft taking
into account the requirements for community noise is considered. The competitively necessary community noise levels for light
propeller-driven aircraft are formulated, focusing on which it is necessary to design modern aircraft that meet the current and future
requirements of ICAO. Modern noise reduction technologies are considered and their effectiveness is evaluated. The main parameters
when choosing a propeller are its diameter, the number of blades, the configuration (pusher or tractor) and the presence of a duct.
When choosing a piston engine you should take into account the higher acoustic efficiency of two-stroke engines compared to fourstroke
engines. The use of intake and exhaust mufflers, as well as sound-proofing hoods, significantly affects the mass and size restrictions,
so the need to install mufflers and hoods should be determined at the preliminary design stage. The design mode for the design
of light propeller-driven aircraft is the take-off power condition, for propeller unmanned aerial vehicle is maximum cruising level flight
mode.
THE EFFECTIVENNESS OF SOME PRACTICAL METHODS OF LOWERING THE BACKGROUND ACOUSTIC NOISE, PRODUCED BY THE ENGINE TEST BENCH TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT
Authors: Deryabin Igor , Krasnov Aleksandr , Gorina Larisa
Published: May 2021

When conducting acoustic researches and finishing works on combustion engines specialized technological equipment
and tools mounted mainly in anechoic chambers are used. In order to ensure the high quality and objectivity of the research results of
the sound fields produced by the research object it is crucial to achieve a sufficiently low parasitic background noise produced by technological
equipment and tools of an engine test bench. The source of a high background noise re-emited to the anechoic chambers
interior is structural vibrations of the solid objects of load carrying and flatsheet box-type structures of the bench. The article considers
tested technical methods of improving vibroacoustics of load carrying and envelope structures of the engine test bench, which is in
startup, commissioning and preliminary operation phase in the research center of a car manufacturer. Therewith there was a requirement
to prevent any fundamental changes of the bench original basic construction, in order to minimize potential material and financial
expenses for its reengineering process. Tested design solutions allow to reduce the level of parasitic noise disturbances, produced
directly by the bench equipment in an anechoic chamber, up to 12 dBA.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR IN THE SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF HEARING IMPAIRMENTS IN RESIDENTS OF THE CHALYABINSK REGION
Authors: Korneenkov Aleksei , Ryazantsev Sergey , Khramov Alexei , Levin Sergey
Published: May 2021

The goal of the study was a spatial analysis of the morbidity of hearing loss of various types in the adult population of
Chelyabinsk Region and the dependence of the incidence on the environmental issues at the place of residence. The epidemiological
issues of the localization of hearing disorders were studied by spatial analysis in the R software environment. The main tasks of the
spatial analysis were to produce a visualization, in the form of a point pattern, of the geographical coordinates of the patients’ places
of residence, evaluate the properties of the spatial process that generates the point pattern, and test the hypothesis about the influence
of the environmental situation on the indicator. The existing division into zones with different environmental situations, in general,
does not have a statistically significant (p<0.05) effect on the ratio of the number of patients with hearing loss to the population of
the district. However, statistically significant differences (p<0.05) of this indicator were found between areas with a critical and severe
environmental situation, as well as between those with a critical and provisionally satisfactory situation. No statistically significant
differences were found between the other regions (p>0.05).