bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diet of Lontra longicaudis in La Sangría Lagoon, México
Authors: Vázquez-Maldonado Laura Elena , Delgado-Estrella Alberto
Published: July 2022

En Campeche hay registros de nutria neotropical, Lontra longicaudis, pero la información ecológica es escasa.  Se analizó la dieta de esta especie que habita la laguna La Sangría para conocer las preferencias alimentarias a lo largo de un año identificando los restos encontrados en las heces.  Los datos se obtuvieron de la revisión de heces y comederos.  Una vez por temporada (nortes 2016, secas y lluvias 2017), se recorrieron 11.9 km de la ribera.  Se analizaron 126 heces y un comedero colectados en 52 sitios, evaluando el porcentaje de aparición (PA) y amplitud de nicho ecológico (índice de Levins) identificando los restos hasta el máximo nivel taxonómico posible.  Se identificaron 7 grupos principales de presas: peces, crustáceos, moluscos, mamíferos, aves, mamíferos y otros.  De un total de 16 categorías de presas, los peces fueron los mejor representados al tener un mayor PA y número de géneros, incluida la presencia de pez diablo (especie invasora), seguida de crustáceos y moluscos.  No existió variación en las frecuencias de consumo de las presas por temporada climática, pero sí hubo diferencia estadística en la diversidad de especies consumidas.  Se confirmó la presencia de 3 especies nativas y 4 posibles nuevos registros de peces como presas.  El índice de Levins indicó que la laguna La Sangría presenta una amplitud de nicho para la nutria que tendió a la especialización (0.2078).  Al comparar esta dieta con la registrada por otros autores en otras localidades, se evidencia la adaptabilidad trófica de la nutria neotropical y se resalta su valor ecológico.
Prevalence, severity and preventability of prehospital patient safety incidents
Authors: Pennington Elspeth , Price Jon , Bell Steve , Hill James E
Published: July 2022

The provision of safe and effective healthcare is a mainstay for all services and clinicians associated with the delivery of prehospital care; however, little is empirically known about the prevalence and impact of harm caused in the prehospital phase. This commentary critically appraises a recent systematic review which sought to identify the frequency of patient safety incidents and the harm associated with them in prehospital care.
Osteocyte-specific dentin matrix protein 1
Authors: Li Meng C. M. , Chow Simon K-H. , Wong Ronald M. Y. , Chen Bailing , Cheng Jack C. Y. , Qin Ling , Cheung Wing-Hoi
Published: July 2022

Aims

There is an increasing concern of osteoporotic fractures in the ageing population. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) was shown to significantly enhance osteoporotic fracture healing through alteration of osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (LCN). Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) in osteocytes is known to be responsible for maintaining the LCN and mineralization. This study aimed to investigate the role of osteocyte-specific DMP1 during osteoporotic fracture healing augmented by LMHFV.

Methods

A metaphyseal fracture was created in the distal femur of ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomized to five different groups: 1) DMP1 knockdown (KD), 2) DMP1 KD + vibration (VT), 3) Scramble + VT, 4) VT, and 5) control (CT), where KD was performed by injection of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into marrow cavity; vibration treatment was conducted at 35 Hz, 0.3 g; 20 minutes/day, five days/week). Assessments included radiography, micro-CT, dynamic histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry on DMP1, sclerostin, E11, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In vitro, murine long bone osteocyte-Y4 (MLO-Y4) osteocyte-like cells were randomized as in vivo groupings. DMP1 KD was performed by transfecting cells with shRNA plasmid. Assessments included immunocytochemistry on osteocyte-specific markers as above, and mineralized nodule staining.

Results

Healing capacities in DMP1 KD groups were impaired. Results showed that DMP1 KD significantly abolished vibration-enhanced fracture healing at week 6. DMP1 KD significantly altered the expression of osteocyte-specific markers. The lower mineralization rate in DMP1 KD groups indicated that DMP1 knockdown was associated with poor fracture healing process.

Conclusion

The blockage of DMP1 would impair healing outcomes and negate LMHFV-induced enhancement on fracture healing. These findings reveal the importance of DMP1 in response to the mechanical signal during osteoporotic fracture healing. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):465–476.
Risley prisms as a conformal transformation device. I. Complex and graphic analyses of mapping images conformality
Authors: Li Yajun
Published: July 2022

Mapping conformality and the singularities in the control law of the
Risley prisms for target tracking are two internally related topics
well suited for an investigation in one study. This is because an
intrinsic ability of the Risley prisms is to produce 2D scan patterns
in a polar frame by means of a combination of two 1D motions of the
two prisms when their orientations are specified by two independent
variables expressible as the

x

and

y

coordinates of a single point in a
rectangular frame. In transformation of points between the rectangular
and the polar frames, a singularity occurs inevitably at the pole
where

r
=

0

in the polar frame. For a better
understanding of the two topics and their relationship, this study
presents an in-depth analysis, starting from the first-order
approximation, and then the far-field condition is considered and
finally is the rigorous theory developed for the Risley-prism-based
beam steering system under the basis of a consideration of the effect
of the thickness of the Risley prisms on the accuracy of beam
steering. The rigorous theory provides correct results of mapping
conformality in both the near and the far zones of the beam steering
field.
Ultra-lightweight mirrors with high solar reflectivity and high infrared emissivity for sun-facing radiative thermal management in space
Authors: Loke Samuel , Naqavi Ali , Warmann Emily , Espinet-Gonzalez Pilar , Vaidya Nina , Kelzenberg Michael , Atwater Harry A.
Published: July 2022

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of ultralight coatings that employ Salisbury screen principles and the unique nature of ITO to achieve frequency selective broadband emissivity. Our coating comprises 60 nm SiO2, 10 nm ITO, 2.3 µm NeXolv LaRC CP1 polyimide and 300 nm Ag, and achieves an aerial mass of 4.07 gm-2. It has a calculated and measured visible spectrum reflectivity of R = 0.893 and R = 0.896 respectively when weighted against AM0 from 300 nm to 1800nm; and a calculated and measured IR spectrum emissivity of e = 0.574 and e = 0.554 weighted against a 300 K blackbody respectively. This simple coating design, fabricated on the centimeter scale, achieves broadband frequency selectivity, with the highest reported thermal performance for an ultralight sun-facing radiative energy management structure.
In vivo transcriptional analysis of mice infected with Leishmania major unveils cellular heterogeneity and altered transcriptomic profiling at single-cell resolution
Authors: Venugopal Gopinath , Bird Jordan T. , Washam Charity L. , Roys Hayden , Bowlin Anne , Byrum Stephanie D. , Weinkopff Tiffany
Published: July 2022

Leishmaniaparasites cause cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a disease characterized by disfiguring, ulcerative skin lesions. Both parasite and host gene expression following infection with variousLeishmaniaspecies has been investigated in vitro, but global transcriptional analysis followingL.majorinfection in vivo is lacking. Thus, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling study combining bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) to identify global changes in gene expression in vivo followingL.majorinfection. Bulk RNA-Seq analysis revealed that host immune response pathways like the antigen processing and presentation pathway were significantly enriched amongst differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon infection, while ribosomal pathways were significantly downregulated in infected mice compared to naive controls. scRNA-Seq analyses revealed cellular heterogeneity including distinct resident and recruited cell types in the skin following murineL.majorinfection. Within the individual immune cell types, several DEGs indicative of many interferon induced GTPases and antigen presentation molecules were significantly enhanced in the infected ears including macrophages, resident macrophages, and inflammatory monocytes. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of scRNA-Seq data indicated the antigen presentation pathway was increased with infection, while EIF2 signaling is the top downregulated pathway followed by eIF4/p70S6k and mTOR signaling in multiple cell types including macrophages, blood and lymphatic endothelial cells. Altogether, this transcriptomic profile highlights known recruitment of myeloid cells to lesions and recognizes a potential role for EIF2 signaling in murineL.majorinfection in vivo.
Zika virus persistence in the male macaque reproductive tract
Authors: Ball Erin E. , Pesavento Patricia A. , Van Rompay Koen K. A. , Keel M. Kevin , Singapuri Anil , Gomez-Vazquez Jose P. , Dudley Dawn M. , O’Connor David H. , Breitbach Meghan E. , Maness Nicholas J. , Schouest Blake , Panganiban Antonito , Coffey Lark L.
Published: July 2022

Zika virus (ZIKV) is unique among mosquito-borne flaviviruses in that it is also vertically and sexually transmitted by humans. The male reproductive tract is thought to be a ZIKV reservoir; however, the reported magnitude and duration of viral persistence in male genital tissues vary widely in humans and non-human primate models. ZIKV tissue and cellular tropism and potential effects on male fertility also remain unclear. The objective of this study was to resolve these questions by analyzing archived genital tissues from 51 ZIKV-inoculated male macaques and correlating data on plasma viral kinetics, tissue tropism, and ZIKV-induced pathological changes in the reproductive tract. We hypothesized that ZIKV would persist in the male macaque genital tract for longer than there was detectable viremia, where it would localize to germ and epithelial cells and associate with lesions. We detected ZIKV RNA and infectious virus in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate gland. In contrast to prepubertal males, sexually mature macaques were significantly more likely to harbor persistent ZIKV RNA or infectious virus somewhere in the genital tract, with detection as late as 60 days post-inoculation. ZIKV RNA localized primarily to testicular stem cells/sperm precursors and epithelial cells, including Sertoli cells, epididymal duct epithelium, and glandular epithelia of the seminal vesicle and prostate gland. ZIKV infection was associated with microscopic evidence of inflammation in the epididymis and prostate gland of sexually mature males, pathologies that were absent in uninfected controls, which could have significant effects on male fertility. The findings from this study increase our understanding of persistent ZIKV infection which can inform risk of sexual transmission during assisted reproductive therapies as well as potential impacts on male fertility.
Early intervention with a glycerol throat spray containing cold-adapted cod trypsin after self-diagnosis of common cold: A randomised trial
Authors: Lindberg Fredrik , Nelson Ida , Ranstam Jonas , Riker Donald K.
Published: July 2022

Background

A glycerol throat spray containing cold-adapted cod trypsin (GCTS) deactivates common cold virus in vitro and decreases pharyngeal rhinovirus load after inoculation in humans. We relied on early self-diagnosis and evaluated two different scales to detect a treatment effect in naturally occurring common colds.

Methods

Adults were enrolled in this randomised, prospective, parallel group, single-blind study to begin treatment six times daily at first sign of a common cold or were assigned to a non-treated group. Jackson’s symptom scale and the 9-item Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 quality of life (QoL) domain were recorded daily by subjects and area under the curve over 12 days (AUC1-12) calculated.

Results

Treatment resulted in reduced symptoms with an AUC1-12 of 45.1 ± 32.5 for Jackson scores compared to 53.8 ± 35.7 in the controls (p = 0.023). AUC1-12 for the 9-item WURSS-21 QoL domain was likewise improved, 113.6 ± 107.7 and 152.7 ± 126.3 (p = 0.006), respectively. During the first four days fewer of the treated subjects (35.3%) used rescue medication than did the control group (50.4%, p = 0.014).

Conclusions

Reduction in common cold symptoms was seen with treatment with a glycerol throat spray containing cold-adapted cod trypsin. This effect was best detected with the 9-item WURSS-21 QoL domain.
In silico comprehensive analysis of coding and non-coding SNPs in human mTOR protein
Authors: Yasmin Tahirah
Published: July 2022

The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein is an important growth regulator and has been linked with multiple diseases including cancer and diabetes. Non-synonymous mutations of this gene have already been found in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma, melanoma, and acute lymphoid leukemia among many others. Such mutations can potentially affect a protein’s structure and hence its functions. In this study, therefore, the most deleterious SNPs of mTOR protein have been determined to identify potential biomarkers for various disease treatments. The aim is to generate a structured dataset of the mTOR gene’s SNPs that may prove to be an asset for the identification and treatment of multiple diseases associated with the target gene. Both sequence and structure-based approaches were adopted and a wide variety of bioinformatics tools were applied to analyze the SNPs of mTOR protein. In total 11 nsSNPs have been filtered out of 2178 nsSNPs along with two non-coding variations. All of the nsSNPs were found to destabilize the protein structure and disrupt its function. While R619C, A1513D, and T1977R mutations were shown to alter C alpha distances and bond angles of the mTOR protein, L509Q, R619C and N2043S were predicted to disrupt the mTOR protein’s interaction with NBS1 protein and FKBP1A/rapamycin complex. In addition, one of the non-coding SNPs was shown to alter miRNA binding sites. Characterizing nsSNPs and non-coding SNPs and their harmful effects on a protein’s structure and functions will enable researchers to understand the critical impact of mutations on the molecular mechanisms of various diseases. This will ultimately lead to the identification of potential targets for disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions.
What is in the draft: A reflection on precarity in Kivu Ruhorahoza’s Europa: ‘Based on a True Story’
Authors: Higgins MaryEllen
Published: July 2022

Director Kivu Ruhorahoza’s film Europa: ‘Based on a True Story’ is a blend of fiction, quasi-ethnography and autobiography. In this article, built in part on the foundations of Judith Butler’s conceptualizations of precariousness, precarity and assembly,
Europa is read as a refusal to be relegated to the marginal spectrality of bare life. Simultaneously, this article considers the draft-like provisionality of the film as a hallmark of its precarity. Framed as an essay film about the fate of an African director who attempts to make a
film ‘out of Africa’, Europa provides a meditation on belonging and the precarious conditions of filming in Europe with an African passport. As Nandini Sikand writes, ‘the assumption of ethnographic fieldwork and participant observation is that by living and learning
for an extended period alongside our informants, we are able to document and analyze their experience more accurately’ (2015: 45). Ruhorahoza’s film compels us to think about the position of the participant observer when the ‘extended period’ involves an agonizingly
long asylum case, and when that observer is relegated to a space of unbelonging.
Közelítések a művészetfilozófia és interpretáció alternatívái között
Authors: Újvári Edit , Horváth Nóra , Mitnyán Lajos
Published: July 2022

Folyóiratunk 2021. 1–2. számának szerzője, Horváth Nóra, és publikációjának egyik lektora, Mitnyán Lajos véleménykülönbségéből indul ki az alábbi közelítési kísérlet. Horváth Nóra Az átjárhatóság fogalmának jelentésrétegei Frenák Pál művészetében című tanulmánya és annak lektori véleményezése elsősorban művészeti alkotások és filozófiai nézetek közötti kapcsolat megragadásának és megítélésének, valamint a műalkotások elemzésének módszertani problematikáját vetette fel.
Online kihívások Carl Rogers-től a kick-boxig
Authors: Pelesz Nelli
Published: July 2022

Balázs László (2021, szerk.). Digitális kommunikáció és tudatosság. Hungarovox Kiadó
Iskola a COVID után
Authors: Mitnyán Lajos
Published: July 2022

Ha 2022-ben újraolvassuk Ivan Illich Die Entschulung der Gesellschaft. Eine Streitschrift című, híres-hírhedt vitairatát az iskoláról, önkéntelenül is felmerül a kérdés, változtatna-e valamit az osztrák-amerikai filozófus és teológus az ott felvázolt, de ma is épp oly radikálisnak ható nézetein? Ha ő is átélte volna a pandémiát, és szembesülnie kellett volna azokkal a kihívásokkal, melyek próbatételek sokasága elé állították az általa „szabályiskolának” nevezett tradicionális iskolarendszert, revideálná-e, és ha igen, mennyiben, zavarba ejtő oktatásfilozófiáját? Ivan Illich hiperidealista, provokatív, de nagyon is elgondolkodtató elképzeléseivel a tradicionális iskoláztatás dilemmáit tematizálja: pl. a. „szabályiskolákat” uraló teljesítménykényszert, a konzumidiotizmusra nevelést, a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek elmélyülését, a végeláthatatlan kontraszelekciót stb. A pandémia két évének status quo-ja olyan helyzetet teremtett, amelyben a „szabályiskolák” mintegy adaptációs készségüket bizonyítva megpróbálhattak „nem-szabályiskolákként” működni. A tanulmány arra tesz kísérletet, hogy ezen időszak tapasztalatait figyelembe véve újraolvassa és -értékelje Illich némileg kombattáns oktatásfilozófiai nézeteit, és szemügyre vegye, hogy a rendszer szintű online térben zajló oktatás tapasztalatai igazolják vagy megcáfolják a filozófus elképzeléseit.
Világok harca
Authors: Honti Tamás
Published: July 2022

A szerző tanulmányában a holisztikus marketing szemléletmód segítségével egy teoretikus modellt alkot a politikai termék szerkezetéről, majd erre alapozva hat fókuszcsoportos interjú révén vizsgálja meg a 2021-es ellenzéki előválasztás jelöltjeinek és Orbán Viktornak az imázsát a fiatalok körében. A fiatalokra mint speciális szegmensre tekint, akiknek a szerepe az előválasztás során felértékelődött. A diskurzuselemzés módszertani irányelveit ötvözi olyan kvalitatív módszerekkel, mint a mapping és a kollázstechnika. A kutatás teoretikus eredménye a politikai termékszerkezet modelljének felállítása, melyben az ajánlat, a politikus és a napirendi témák egymáshoz kapcsolódó viszonyát vizsgálja. Az empirikus eredmények értelmében az előválasztás a fiatalok egyes csoportjai számára generációs élményt nyújtott. Az Orbán-korszakkal kapcsolatos valóságértelmezéseikre a preferenciáik kialakulásának első számú okaként lehet tekinteni. A jelölteket elsősorban a karakterük révén tudták megkülönböztetni a résztvevők, nem pedig a napirendi témák birtoklása vagy a szakpolitikai elképzeléseik alapján, azonban a szakértői stílus pozitív attitűdöt váltott ki belőlük.
Bevonódás és értékelés
Authors: Máté Tünde
Published: July 2022

Magyarországon 2017-ben első alkalommal, e kutatás keretében valósult meg a szervezőváros lakosait megszólító megkérdezés a nemzetközi sportrendezvényekről. A tanulmány, az EYOF példáján keresztül válaszol arra, hogy a szervezőváros lakosainak véleményét meghatározó tényezők (életminőség, sportfogyasztás, várossal való elégedettség) milyen összefüggésben vannak a nemzetközi sportrendezvény hatásainak megítélésével? Az eredmények alapján a nemzetközi sportrendezvények általános pozitív megítélése pozitív kapcsolatban áll a sportfogyasztási aktivitással. Aki az életminősége szubjektív megítélése szerint elégedett, az támogatja általánosságban a nemzetközi sportrendezvények szervezését és hatásait pozitívan ítéli meg. A megalkotott komplex regressziós modell vizsgálata során kimutatható volt, hogy a bevonódás mértéke pozitív kapcsolatban van a sportrendezvény hatásainak értékelésével.
Lineamientos y prácticas de educación inclusiva en la universidad
Authors: Rojas-Zapata Andrés Felipe , Hernández-Arteaga Isabel
Published: July 2022

Este artículo resultado de investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los lineamientos y prácticas que se implementan en el marco de la educación inclusiva en una universidad colombiana. Metodología: Se empleó el paradigma de investigación cualitativo y el diseño etnográfico. La población estuvo conformada por los docentes, estudiantes y administrativos de la universidad objeto de estudio; además, se realizó revisión de los documentos políticos y académicos y del men-cionado centro educativos. Las técnicas de recolección empleadas fueron la revisión documental y la entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: Se encontró que la educación inclusiva es contemplada por los documentos institu-cionales como un factor fundamental para la calidad educativa, sin embargo, no existen protoco-los específicos de atención para las poblaciones que tienen prioridad desde este enfoque; además, se evidenció que la comunidad educativa desconoce lo expresado por la universidad sobre inclu-sión y señala diferentes dificultades que presenta en este ámbito. Conclusiones: Es necesario que en las instituciones de educación superior propongan acciones afir-mativas, es decir, políticas y estrategias que brinden la oportunidad a las poblaciones diversas de recibir una educación de calidad a través un proceso planificado que permita transcender de una atención reactiva a una proactiva que responda de manera efectiva a sus necesidades educativas.
Diálogo y reflexión para mejorar la práctica de los docentes. La construcción de una experiencia en el posgrado
Authors: Mata Pérez Ana María , Hernández Sánchez Pedro , Centeno Noriega Gerardo Esteban
Published: July 2022

El desarrollo profesional de los docentes es en la actualidad un tema de debate a nivel mundial. Se reconoce la necesidad de brindarles una formación pertinente, eficaz y eficiente que les permita fortalecer su práctica y dar respuesta a las necesidades de una sociedad cada vez más sofisticada y tecnologizada. Los posgrados en educación se perfilan como espacios de aprendizaje colaborativo, donde se valora la experiencia, se propicia el diálogo y la reflexión y se coadyuva para formar docentes profesionales, auto?nomos y reflexivos. Este escrito busca compartir una experiencia institucional para implementar un modelo educativo fundamentado en el pensamiento crítico y la pra?ctica reflexiva en el Centro de Investigación para la Administración Educativa (CINADE), institucioón que ofrece posgrados en educación hace más de 18 años, ubicada en la capital del estado de San Luis Potosí, México. Se describen las acciones llevadas a cabo, que iniciaron con la revisión y rediseño curricular y continúan hasta el presente. A cinco años de haber iniciado el proceso de transformación, se considero pertinente evaluar los logros; para ello se aplico? un cuestionario por vía electro?nica a los egresados de la Maestría en Administración Educativa y la Maestría en Educación Superior de la generación 2017-2019; del total de cuestionarios enviados regresaron 25. Este escrito es un primer acercamiento al análisis de los datos descriptivos y una primera interpretación de lo obtenido en la pregunta abierta.
Alfabetización académica una alternativa para repensar la formación inicial docente en las escuelas normales superiores de Colombia
Authors: Giraldo Gaviria David Mauricio , Caro Lopera Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2022

Este artículo de revisión examina la alfabetización académica y su relación con los procesos forma-tivos, investigativos y escriturales que se gestan en las escuelas normales de Colombia. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la alfabetización académica en la formación inicial docente a partir de propuestas pedagógicas y didácticas que fundamentan el ejercicio de la escritura académica. De igual manera, se presentan los resultados de una revisión sistemática exploratoria situada desde los planteamientos teóricos de Manchado et. al. (2009); en la cual se revisan 60 textos acadé-micos, fundamentalmente en el contexto hispanohablante, durante los últimos 17 años. Estos se agrupan en tres categorías: la alfabetización académica en la formación de nuevos maestros (17 trabajos), la escritura académica en la formación docente (31) y la escritura, investigación y for-mación en las escuelas normales superiores (12). Del análisis efectuado se evidencia la necesidad de realizar cambios curriculares, formativos y prácticos en torno a la escritura académica en el ámbito de los Programas de Formación Complementaria de las escuelas normales superiores del país, lo que constituye una perspectiva de investigación necesaria para configurar nuevas prácticas de escritura académica de docentes y estudiantes de estas instituciones formadoras de maestros
University research networks as spaces for collaboration and social capital: The case of REUNI+D
Authors: Sancho-Gil Juana M. , Hernández Hernández Fernando , González Ramírez Teresa , Gewerc Barujel Adriana , Hernández Rivero Víctor M.
Published: July 2022

Collaborative networks are considered a critical factor in developing the human species and any living being. Life would not be possible without the dynamic interaction between plants, animals, micro-organisms, non-living beings, and their environment. Nor would human life be possible without considering its physical, social, cultural, and technological environments as a unitary network living within a historical context. In science and academia, the importance of networks has grown exponentially. Based on the experience of a network of excellence with institutional recognition for more than ten years, the purpose of this article is to highlight the value and contributions of this way of working for the advancement of scientific knowledge and public policy. It argues the importance and the necessity of networks and the advantages of network thinking. To illustrate the importance of networks, we analyse the trajectory of the REUNI+D network of excellence, the contributions and tensions of this collaborative structure, the lengthy processes required for its constitution, the social capital that it provides to its members and some conclusions that show the challenges of research networks in universities.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[qua-(μ2-2-aminoisophthalat-κ3
O,O′:O′′)(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)manganese(II)] C20H15MnN3O5
Authors: Huang Guang , Chen Xinyun
Published: July 2022

C20H15MnN3O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.0223(5) Å, b = 9.3406(5) Å, c = 18.6978(10) Å, β = 99.322(6)°, V = 1727.27(16) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0376, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0873, T = 250 K.
Synthesis of aluminium alkylbenzene sulfonate and its behavior as a flow improver for crude oil
Authors: Zhou Zhichao , Zhang Wangyuan , Dong Sanbao , Zhang Jie , Chen Gang
Published: July 2022

Low-molecular flow improvers for crude oil are becoming increasingly important chemical agents for crude oil production in oil fields. In this work, three alkyl benzene sulfonates were synthesized and evaluated as flow improvers for crude oil. The results show that the three flow improvers have an effect on L8401 crude oil (heavy oil). Among them, aluminium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (AlDBS) has the best effect as it reduces the viscosity rate by more than 80%. After adding 900 mg/L AlDBS, the freezing point is lowered by 15 °C. The crude oil flow improvement was proven with microphotographs. The co-crystallization behavior after addition of the agent interacts with the saturated hydrocarbons in the crude oil, which is the reason for lowering the freezing point of crude oil. Moreover, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) were used to illustrate the interaction mechanism between low-molecular flow improvers for crude oil and the components in crude oil.
Intergenerational Politics in an Aging Society
Authors: Takao Yasuo
Published: July 2022

Japan’s population is aging faster than any other nation’s, producing many more older voters, and raising an important question related to intergenerational equity. Do older voters prioritize their short-term self-interest at the expense of other generations? I find that the older voters in Japan are surprisingly less self-interested—even less than similarly aged voters in other advanced economies—in maximizing their benefits as service consumers to the detriment of younger voters. This behavior of older voters in Japan is an enigma. To stimulate dialogue about an equitable and sustainable welfare system, I consider a set of structural and institutional factors that may, individually or collectively, help explain the apparently less self-interested preferences of older voters in Japan.
Podwójny Jubileusz – reminiscencje utrwalone w pamięci
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Suplicka Agnieszka
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article is to present the scientific and social activity of prof. Elwira J. Kryńska, head of the Department of History and Theory of Education on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of university work. The main part presents the profile of prof. Elwira J. Kryńska, her scientific and professional achievements in the perspective of the 40th anniversary of the Department of the History of Education. Acknowledgments on behalf of PhD students and employees were also included. The content is based on the personal memories of the academic work of the author.
Godność dziecka a ideał autentyczności w wychowaniu
Authors:   Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Przedsiębiorczości w Łomży, Bandach Małgorzata
Published: July 2022

Throughout history, a unique ideal of upbringing, very often completely different from its predecessors, has been created during every era. The truth about human dignity constitutes the foundation of contemporary education. Human dignity is an antithesis of the person’s objectification and enslavement. The subject of the article is child dignity in educational contexts of contemporary problems, which can be generated by unleashed individualism and the primacy of instrumental reason in education and upbringing. „To bring up means just to properly lead the other person to freedom”. Any attempts and manifestations of enslavement pose a threat to human freedom, which implies human dignity at different stages of its development from childhood to senior years. The same refers to personal dignity and individual dignity.
Dzieciństwo najbiedniejszych warstw społecznych w Gdańsku w połowie XIX wieku w świetle Wspomnień z młodości ubogiej służącej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Śpica Paweł
Published: July 2022

The article is about the childhood of the poorest social strata in Gdańsk in the 1850s and 1860s based on the example of the memoirs of an anonymous German author, writing under the pseudonym Marie Sansgêne. The introductory part presents information about the source itself and its author. Moreover, the conditions of experiencing childhood in nineteenth-century Gdańsk were presented. The main part of the article presents the issues of childhood in the narrative of M. Sansgêne. To this goal, several basic areas have been distinguished, such as: the scope and nature of parental and educational influences towards a child; shaping habits related to cleanliness and keeping order; coercion in a child’s life; participation and responsibility of the child in creating the home budget; fulfilment of compulsory education; fun and free time in a child’s life.
Opieka i wychowanie w placówkach Robotniczego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Dzieci w Łodzi w okresie międzywojennym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Sosnowska Joanna
Published: July 2022

Robotnicze Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Dzieci (RTPD, Workers’ Society of Children’s Friends) was an organization which provided care and education and operated at the initiative and under the patronage of the Polish Socialist Party. In Łódź, an RTPD division was established in 1923. Since the beginnings of that organization in Łódź, its activists started to open care and education centres for children and teenagers. The first of them included community centres for school and pre-school children aged 5-6 to 13-14. Following new trends in pedagogy, they were then transformed into kindergartens for children aged 4-6 operating based on Maria Montessori’s method. Other centres opened by the Łódź RTPD Division included youth clubs and centres initiating preventive and medical care, such as summer camps, summer play centres, or tuberculosis clinics. Those initiatives were meant for children from workers’ families from Łódź, most of all members of the Polish Socialist Party in Łódź. This paper presents the main aspects related with the type of care provided and the contents of educational programmes followed in community centres, kindergartens, and youth clubs run by the Łódź RTPD Division in 1923–1939.
Przywracanie obecności. Wybrane praktyki piśmienne w działalności Zakładu Opiekuńczo-Wychowawczego Nasz Dom w latach 1919–1939
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Sękowska Zuzanna
Published: July 2022

The text concerns the role of literacy practices in the Nasz Dom (Our Home) educational and care institution in Warsaw in the interwar period. It describes the method and basic areas of literacy activities and the role of these initiatives in pedagogical activities. In the text, the author refers primarily to the works of Maryna Falska (the head of the institution) with particular reference to the role of her volume entitled Memories of Littleness. As a background appears the activity of Janusz Korczak, also strongly associated with the institution.
Recepcja pism Janusza Korczaka we Włoszech – perspektywa pedagogiczna
Authors:   Department of Human and Social Sciences, Uniwersytet w Bergamo (Włochy), Fratangelo Francesca , Magni Francesco ,   Department of Human and Social Sciences, Uniwersytet w Bergamo (Włochy), Potestio Andrea ,   Department of Human and Social Sciences Uniwersytet w Bergamo (Włochy)
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to present the reception of Janusz Korczak’s writings in Italy and its relevance for Italian educational studies and to open some new perspectives on the author’s writing activity. The paper is composed of three parts and each of them focuses on different suggestions. After a short presentation on what has been translated and received in our Country, we will focus on some peculiar aspects of Korczak’s writing practice, in particular on its educational value. In this paper we assume that Korczak’s whole practice is a perfect example of circularity between experience and reflection; his thoughts and his actions embody the integration of theoretical assumptions with a practical knowledge. This allows us to suggest a that a great part of the Polish author’s works can be considered autobiographical as it often results from the reflection that follows his personal experiences. In the last part we focus on Korczak’s meaning of infancy, on his attempts to give children a voice and on the epistemological consequences they suggest.
Geneza, problemy definicyjne i założenia prawa do edukacji w kontekście Konwencji o Prawach Dziecka
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kryński Marcin
Published: July 2022

The aim of this article is to present the right to education with particular emphasis on the Convention on the Rights of the Child. When analyzing the concept of the right to education, it should be stated that there is no single, general and coherent definition of education that would be satisfactory and evident for everyone. This is due to the ambiguity of this term as well as the diversity of its designates. The promoter of the idea of popularizing education was, among others, Czech educator, philosopher and reformer Jan Amos Comenius. In turn, the Swedish feminist and educator – Ellen Key believed that the 20th century will be the “century of the child”, in which the new man will be shaped, and thus the world will become happier and better. An advocate of the emancipation of the child in Poland was Janusz Korczak, whose thought was one of the foundations of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The Convention on the Rights of the Child was established on the initiative of Poland. Intensified work began in 1978, when Poland submitted to the UN Human Rights Commission a draft Convention on the Rights of the Child. It was a turning point in the process of developing a complete set of children’s rights, already called the “Convention” in the project. Following this, the United Nations declared 1979 the International Year of Children. The capitalist and socialist views on human rights clashed and therefore working out a consensus on the final shape of the Convention was complicated. However, the social resistance intensifying at the end of the 1980s, which in later years led to the collapse of the totalitarian or communist regime, was undoubtedly a factor which strongly contributed to the work on the Convention. The head of the Polish delegation, prof. Adam Łopatka referred to Janusz Korczak as one of the precursors and promoters of children’s rights. Altogether, after 11 years of work, these events ended with the adoption, on November 20, 1989, by the UN General Assembly, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In this Convention, the right to education is directly regulated in Art. 28, as well as indirectly in art. 29.
Znaczenie szkół rodzenia w kształtowaniu się modelu nowoczesnego ojcostwa na podstawie Białegostoku
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Abramowicz Urszula
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the creation of patterns of paternity involved in the prenatal life of a child. The empirical basis of the article is a questionnaire surveys carried out among couples taking part in antenatal classes (courses) conducted by maternity schools in Bialystok. In the first part of the article, I explain what the concept of engaged fatherhood as a sociological category is. Then, based on existing data, I present maternity schools operating in the city of Białystok. The program, goals, and assumptions of birth schools were analyzed. In the second part of the article I present the methodology of my own research and the results obtained, which are the basis of contemporary models of engaged fatherhood.
Godność i wolność w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Andrzejczuk Gabriela
Published: July 2022

John Paul II showed in his teaching what dignity and freedom are. He constantly brought this issue up during his pilgrimages and while preaching, to show people the truth, which is based on the painful experience of history. He talked about the correct outline of the concept of a human being, which is based on family and the sacrament of marriage. What he meant was that legal structures and the democratic order should serve a human, not harm one. A young person should obtain in the family the basis of upbringing and values. John Paul II truly believed in the young generation. A responsible human is one who, being free, responds to the requirements which are placed before them by the truth about human dignity. The Pope pointed at the conscience of each human to be shaped but not distorted. John Paul II talked about the painful history and events and he invoked national socialism (fascism) and international socialism (communism), urging his listeners not to fall into “modern” utopias about collective happiness. Moreover, John Paul II pointed out that human life should be respected and protected from conception in an absolute way, saying: “The future of the world goes before the family.” More than once he emphasizes that the will is linked to it, the will which is connected with the choices a human is confronted with. However, John Paul II preached personalism, which speaks to the unity of human beings and two civilisations: of love and use. Personalism, which sees a human as one who is able to give of himself. The beginning of all the changes originates inside a human in their thoughts and understanding and only later may it work outside. The article presents the main ideas of normative culture in connection with moral culture in the philosophical theological thought of John Paul II.
Zmiany w systemie nauczania języków obcych w edukacji przedszkolnej i wczesnoszkolnej w kontekście godności dziecka
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Aleksandrowicz Urszula
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article is to present the changes that have occurred in teaching foreign languages in preschool and early school education in the last years. In the first part, attempts to find a universal teaching method were discussed and the most common approaches that developed at the time of this search were discussed. Further, the problems with the discussed methods were named. The outdated traditions of teaching have proved to be ineffective and the classroom environment did not use to be beneficial for the children’s healthy growth and upbringing. In the article, the children’s right movement’s input was mentioned as it has influenced the way teachers nowadays approach their students and adjust their methods to their needs. Last, modern methods and approaches were presented. The current methodology of teaching foreign languages aims to provide learners with knowledge, useful skills, all-round development, and respect for their dignity.
Dziecko jako obywatel państwa prawa XXI wieku – wybrane aspekty
Authors:   Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny SWPS, Prawdzik Paulina
Published: July 2022

This article aims to indicate that a child is a fully-fledged subject in the rule of law. This thesis will be accompanied by the jurisprudence of common courts, the Supreme Court, and the European Court of Human Rights. The discussion of the legal situation of children in Poland will focus mainly on two branches of law in Poland – civil and criminal law, as well as international agreements to which Poland is a party. When considering the rights of the child, one cannot ignore the topic of their protection, and more specifically the institutions that stand at the forefront of their rights and the activities of non governmental organizations.
The resource opportunities of a family of a child with developmental disorders as a subject of study in the practice of psychological and pedagogical consulting
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Yugova Olesya Vyacheslavovna
Published: July 2022

The article presents the experience of long-term practice of psychological and pedagogical study, consulting and support of families raising children of the first years of life with various developmental disorders. In the context of this work, the goal was to identify the features of the resource field of these families. The key idea was the hypothesis that the level of basic resources of the family affects the course and results of psychological and pedagogical support of the family and the child. Identifying and improving the resource status (potential opportunities) of a family increases the effectiveness of providing comprehensive care to a child with developmental disorders. The analysis of the results of the questionnaires filled out by parents, as well as the results of observation and conversation divide families into three clusters based on their resource capabilities: resource family, relatively resource family, non-resource family. The article also highlights the possibilities of using modern information and communication technologies (including distant and hybrid formats) for family consulting and support.
Participation of Judicial Decisions as The Form of The Implementation of Moral Values in Case Statement Based on Rechtvinding Activities and Negative Wetjlike Theorie
Authors: Zikra Ikhda , Minh Cuong Lan
Published: July 2022

The judge is the spearhead as well as the parameter of justice test conducted by the justice seekers. One of them through decisions issued by the judge, many things that need to be considered and considered by the judge in deciding a case, especially because the justice is universal and the science of law which is a science that is multidisciplinary means not monotonous or only limited to eyeglasses or juridical point of view only but need to pay attention to other values ​​that live, grow, and develop in society both written and written. Article 16 and 28 of Law Number 4 Year 2004 as already amended into Law mandates that judges are prohibited from refusing cases that enter the Court under the pretext that the law does not regulate, it is unclear but is obliged to examine and decide upon the case. Then in article 28 explained that the judge must dig the values ​​that exist in society. This is to ensure a sense of justice for the community because the law is not what is contained in the law alone but also pay attention to other laws that are Living Law and Unwritten Law in the form of habits that exist in society, customs, or traditions is still acknowledged and lives, grows, and develops with the community based on the mandate of Pancasila and the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia which is accommodated in Article 18 B Paragraph (2) that "the state recognizes and respects the unity of society as long as it exists within the community" in its legal considerations shall explore and include these values ​​for the implementation of social justice for all Indonesian people. So, the judge's conviction in deciding a case also greatly affects the content of the decision so as not to negate the existing morality as a unity of values ​​that live and grow in society. HLA Hart acknowledges that law and morals have a very close relationship, even Hart reveals that between law, justice and morality has a very close relationship, even one of the aspects of justice, namely administrative justice, in the law of the minimum nature of law and morality.
Indonesian State System Based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution: A Contemporary Developments
Authors: Budi Mohammad Wahyu Adji Setio
Published: July 2022

In conducting the state  implementation, Indonesia as a state needs regulations in accordance with the national cultural values. The values are mirrored in Pancasilaas the spirit of constitutional law which is The Constitution 1945. Indonesian governmental system is presidential; the president is the state chief and the governmental chief. The state power is in three powers, that are legislative, executive, andjudicial powers. Those three powers have relations in sharing the powers. This practice is not the same as the original theory of Montesquei about power divisions. In the implementation, The Constitution 1945 has supporting institutions. They are People's Consultative Council, House ofrepresentative, President, Supreme Court, Constitutional Council, Judicial Commission, Financial investigator, Police, and the Army.