bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idosos cuidadores em diferentes arranjos de moradia: comparação do perfil de saúde e de cuidado
Authors: Oliveira Nathalia Alves de , Souza Érica Nestor , Brigola Allan Gustavo , Rossetti Estefani Serafim , Terassi Marielli , Luchesi Bruna Moretti , Inouye Keika , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost
Published: July 2019

Resumo OBJETIVO Comparar o perfil de saúde física, cognitiva e psicológica e o contexto de cuidado de idosos cuidadores de idosos em diferentes arranjos de moradia. MÉTODO Estudo quantitativo e transversal realizado com 349 cuidadores divididos em arranjos de moradia unigeracional, bigeracional e multigeracional. Para avaliação foram utilizados questionários sociodemográfico e de cuidado, e instrumentos de avaliações da saúde física, cognitiva e psicológica. Para análises dos dados foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e U Mann Whitney. RESULTADOS Os idosos cuidadores de lares unigeracionais eram mais velhos e independentes para as atividades instrumentais de vida diária. Nos arranjos de moradia multigeracionais houve proporção significativamente maior de cuidadores que consideravam a renda familiar insuficiente, recebiam ajuda emocional e sentiam-se mais sobrecarregados e estressados. CONCLUSÃO As diferenças identificadas entre os grupos podem contribuir para elaboração de políticas de cuidado e promoção da saúde de idosos cuidadores.
BRÁS CUBAS, MARCELA E CRÔNICAS: DESEJO E INTERESSE
Authors: SOUSA ROBERTA DA COSTA DE
Published: July 2019

Resumo Análise da sequência de capítulos da obra Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis, acerca do relacionamento de Brás Cubas e Marcela. O encantamento do protagonista contrasta com o interesse apenas de proveito material por parte de Marcela. Ilusão, pragmatismo, decepção, interesse. O narrador defunto machadiano oscila entre o distanciamento do relato e a recuperação do sentimento vivido. Além disso, a construção da personalidade da personagem feminina do romance se assemelha a comentários a respeito do comportamento de mulheres do século XIX presentes nas crônicas de Machado de Assis, publicadas na Gazeta de Notícias. Romance e crônicas confirmam o ceticismo machadiano também quanto a relacionamentos entre homens e mulheres.
RUBIÃO, INIMIGO DE SI: A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA INTERIORIDADE EM QUINCAS BORBA, DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: SEMINATTI TIAGO
Published: July 2019

Resumo Este artigo propõe um estudo crítico sobre Quincas Borba, de Machado de Assis, considerando a articulação discursiva entre o protagonista Rubião e o narrador. Para isso, cotejamos as duas versões do romance: em folhetim, publicada no periódico A Estação (1896-1891), e em livro, publicada em 1891. Diferenças entre elas sinalizam a importância que o discurso indireto livre tem no processo de escrita do texto, cujo modo de narrar sugere a moderna coisificação dos homens por outros homens.
Reflections on graduate professor training
Authors: Alves Larissa Roberta , Giacomini Márcia Aparecida , Teixeira Verônica Modolo , Henriques Silvia Helena , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: July 2019

Abstract Objective: To reflect on activities aimed at the development of graduation students, in a teaching internship program, in the perspective of master’s degree and doctoral graduate education and training. Method: It is a reflexive study, based on the discursive formulation about required competencies and guidelines proposed by the National Graduation Plan (named PNPG, Plano Nacional de Pós-Graduação) for professor training articulated to the graduate. Results: The teaching internship program is a way for the formation of university professors, through the preparation of the graduate student. In addition, it shows the relevance of the professor supervisor role in the construction of the learning of these individuals. Conclusion and implications for practice: The first contact with teaching practice, through the teaching internship program, is relevant for constructing a critical look at the teaching-learning process. In this type of Program, it is possible to learn to be and make teaching in a participatory manner, to value interactive relations, to boost autonomy, to stimulate self-evaluation and self-reflection of the graduate student, allowing them to participate actively in the learning process.
Alcoholism in rural areas: biographical situation of relatives of patients admitted to a general hospital
Authors: Guimarães Andréa Noeremberg , Schneider Jacó Fernando , Nasi Cíntia , Camatta Márcio Wagner , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Ferraz Lucimare
Published: July 2019

Abstract Objective: To understand the biographical situation of relatives of alcoholics living in rural areas admitted to a general hospital. Method: Qualitative research, with an approach based on the Phenomenological Sociology of Alfred Schutz. We performed interviews with 15 relatives of alcoholics hospitalized for treatment. The collection took place between August 2015 and July 2016. The information was organized from the phenomenological analysis of Schutz, which resulted in three concrete categories. Results: The concrete categories were: “The lived experiences of the relatives of alcoholics: alcohol consumption in the social world of relatives of alcoholics”; “Face-to-face relationship between relative-alcoholic: overload, illness and estrangement”; and “Reasons that led the relative to take care of the alcoholic”. Conclusion and implications for practice: We identified the repetition of the family history of alcoholism; the clinical picture of the alcoholic interfering with the relationship between the family members, bringing consequences for the whole family group; and the care provided to the alcoholic motivated by affective bonds, moral aspects, as well as by the fact that the alcoholic maintains a good social coexistence when sober. We noted the need for nursing to foster family participation in care actions, strengthening it to cope with the inherent difficulties of interactions, thereby contributing to healthy face-to-face relationships between alcoholics and their relatives.
Sexuality experiences of hysterectomized women
Authors: Schmidt Alessandra , Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Cardoso Leticia Silveira , Quadros Jacqueline Silveira de , Ribeiro Aline Cammarano , Neves Eliane Tatsch
Published: July 2019

Abstract Objective: To know the sexuality experiences of hysterectomized women. Method: Qualitative study carried out in Family Health Strategies with 19 hysterectomized women. A semi-structured interview was conducted, combined with the Creativity and Sensitivity Technique called Speaker Map, after approval by the Ethics Committee from January to February 2018. Data were analyzed according to analysis of the thematic content. Results: The participants had different sexuality experiences after the hysterectomy. The procedure was associated with restoration of health, resuming sexual activity, and changes in relationships. It was also related to the onset of dyspareunia and decrease in libido. Conclusion and implications for practice: The changes experienced after surgery led women to build new meanings for sexuality and their relationships. The surgery shows concrete results, such as decreased or increased pain in sexual practice, and subjective results, such as the feeling of freedom and the impact on female identity. These results may contribute to direct educational strategies to approach sexuality with each woman who undergoes hysterectomy.
Application of an alternative mesh morphing method on the numerical modeling of oscillating wave surge converters
Authors: Vargas Guilherme Fuhrmeister , Schettini Edith Beatriz Camaño
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT A technology capable of converting the horizontal motion of the ocean waves into energy by the application of a flap-piston system has been improved over the last few years, this device is known as oscillating wave surge converter. This system has great potential, already proven, for electric power generation. The computational fluid dynamics is one of the most used tools for the study of wave energy converters. In this context, the present paper proposes the application of an alternative mesh morphing method to represent the hydrodynamics of these devices, which is based on a bottom that oscillates with the converter, leading the flap to reach high inclinations without causing numerical divergences. The study is performed using the OpenFOAM computational code and its extension OLAFOAM. These are based on Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence modeling and the Volume of Fluid method (VOF) for the free surface representation, which are applied to a bidimensional model, allowing the numerical modeling of the converter. The proposed method presented good agreement of the results when compared to the experimental studies in similar hydrodynamic cases. The methodology based on a moving bottom presented relative differences, concerning the method that considers the bottom as fixed, between 4% and 17% for the cases where the flap is near to the ocean bottom and up to 8% for cases where it is further away.
Trabalho e saúde de professoras e monitoras de creche pública no município de Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
Authors: Silva Daniela Almeida de Jesus , Souza Katia Reis de , Santos Gideon Borges dos
Published: July 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo conhecer a relação entre o trabalho e a saúde de professoras e monitoras de creche pública no município de Vitória da Conquista (Bahia, Brasil). Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório. Foram efetuadas dez entrevistas por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado de questões. No que concerne ao método empregado para análise dos materiais, foi adotada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, chegando-se a quatro temas principais: precarização, sobrecarga e intensificação do trabalho; gestão, política e conflitos; diferenças entre o trabalho de professoras e monitoras; e educação, saúde e cuidado. Por fim, considera-se necessário que o trabalho, em sua relação com a saúde, seja objeto de diálogo com vistas a gerar mudanças, segundo a perspectiva dos trabalhadores, de modo a reforçar o aspecto relativo à cooperação e ampliação do campo de criação coletiva.
Sujeitos da saúde, agentes do território: o agente comunitário de saúde na Atenção Básica ao imigrante
Authors: Losco Luiza Nogueira , Gemma Sandra Francisca Bezerra
Published: July 2019

Com a intensificação e diversificação dos fluxos migratórios internacionais para o Brasil e a necessidade de inserção da população imigrante aos serviços públicos de saúde, novas dinâmicas se apresentam no contexto da Atenção Básica. Tendo como estudo de caso a população boliviana que utiliza os serviços da Unidade Básica de Saúde do Bom Retiro, em São Paulo, buscou-se compreender qual o papel dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) para que o sistema público cumpra seu princípio de universalidade, oferecendo acesso às populações imigrantes e as incluindo. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, examinadas por meio da análise de conteúdo, pôde-se constatar que os agentes comunitários são essenciais para a garantia de inserção dos imigrantes ao serviço de Atenção Básica, pois são ao mesmo tempo sujeitos da promoção em saúde e agentes do território, construindo redes de vínculos que favorecem o cuidado integral.
The Post-Political Link Between Gender and Climate Change: The Case of the Nationally Determined Contributions Support Programme
Authors: Ruiz Felipe Jaramillo , Vallejo Juan Pablo
Published: July 2019

Abstract This paper interrogates to what extent the gender component of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Support Programme of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) reaffirms the post-political condition of climate change. By analysing the incorporation of gender in the NDC Support Programme and its articulation in Colombia’s Low-Carbon Development Strategy, the study exposes the strategic, epistemological, and normative risks of advancing feminist ideas within mainstream institutional frameworks. Thus, this paper shows the opportunities and challenges of dislocating the political and epistemological boundaries of climate change policies by promoting feminist ideas.
Signalling for Status: UAE and Women’s Rights
Authors: Carvalho Pinto Vânia
Published: July 2019

Abstract That societies should be gender-equal is a prevailing normative ideal to which states at the very least pay lip service. The UAE as a highly globalised state that aspires to a superior status has not stood outside of these dynamics. Whereas in the decades since independence in 1971 women’s rights were emphasised as a sign of the country’s progress, nowadays, the UAE government portrays women’s rights as being advanced to such an extent that they are setting up a new gender empowerment benchmark for the Middle Eastern region. Additionally, the UAE has also proclaimed the goal of becoming one of the top 25 gender-equal states in the world by 2021. I suggest that these official proclamations are indicative of a signalling strategy whose aim is to advocate to an international audience that the UAE deserves a status higher than it currently holds. Based on Larson and Svechenko’s interpretation of social identity theory, I claim that the UAE’s strategy is one of social creativity. It rests on creating a new value – the Emirati standard of gender equality – within the Arab group. The former is operationalised through, on the one hand, ‘teaching to the test’ tactics in the area of women’s political participation, a field that can be easily regulated by the government. And on the other, on overemphasising the professional deeds of a small group of high-achieving women. In the latter case, as the numbers of females in employment are rather low, the government elects to call attention to women in specific and unconventional positions so as to lend greater credence to the existence of their own superior standard of gender equality within the Arab region.
North Atlantic Perspectives: A Forum on Stuart Hall’s The Fateful Triangle: Race, Ethnicity, Nation, Part I
Authors: Jones Donna V. , Bruyneel Kevin , Medina William Garcia
Published: July 2019

Abstract Stuart Hall, a founding scholar in the Birmingham School of cultural studies and eminent theorist of ethnicity, identity and difference in the African diaspora, as well as a leading analyst of the cultural politics of the Thatcher and post-Thatcher years, delivered the W. E. B. Du Bois Lectures at Harvard University in 1994. In the lectures, published after a nearly quarter-century delay as The Fateful Triangle: Race, Ethnicity, Nation (2017), Hall advances the argument that race, at least in North Atlantic contexts, operates as a ‘sliding signifier,’ such that, even after the notion of a biological essence to race has been widely discredited, race-thinking nonetheless renews itself by essentializing other characteristics such as cultural difference. Substituting Michel Foucault’s famous power-knowledge dyad with power-knowledge-difference, Hall argues that thinking through the fateful triangle of race, ethnicity and nation shows us how discursive systems attempt to deal with human difference. Part I of the forum critically examines the promise and potential problems of Hall’s work from the context of North America and western Europe in the wake of #BlackLivesMatter and Brexit. Donna Jones suggests that, although the Birmingham School’s core contributions shattered all certainties about class identity, Hall’s Du Bois Lectures may be inadequate to a moment when white racist and ethno-nationalist appeals are ascendant in the USA and Europe and that, therefore, his and Paul Gilroy’s earlier work on race and class deserve our renewed attention. Kevin Bruyneel examines Hall’s work on race in relation to three analytics that foreground racism’s material practices: intersectionality, racial capitalism and settler colonialism. William Garcia in the final contribution asks us to think about the anti-immigrant black nativisms condoned and even encouraged by discourses of African-American identity and by unmarked references to blackness in the US context. In ‘Fateful Triangles in Brazil,’ Part II of Contexto Internacional’s forum on The Fateful Triangle, three scholars work with and against Hall’s arguments from the standpoint of racial politics in Brazil.
Landfill leachate treatment using activated carbon obtained from coffee waste
Authors: Chávez Rodrigo Poblete , Pizarro Ernesto Cortes Cortés , Galiano Yolanda Luna
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT A set of experiments were carried out in order to establish and evaluate the potential of activated carbon, produced from coffee waste in adsorption process, in the depuration of landfill leachate. Different reagents were studied in the activation of carbon: HCl, HCl + H2O2, H3PO4, H3PO4 + H2O2, all with an impregnation rate of 1:1. The activated carbon that showed the best global results was activated with H3PO4, obtaining a 51.0, 32.8, 66.0, 81.0 and 97.1% elimination of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, total chlorine, bromine and copper, respectively. This activated carbon has a total pore area of 4.85 m2/g and a median pore diameter of 65.32 micrometers. When different loads of this carbon were placed in a stirrer system in contact with landfill leachate, with the aim of evaluating the effect of the adsorption load and contact time, the concentration of ammonia decreased from the beginning of the adsorption process to the end of it, and the removal of ammonia increased with the increase in the adsorbent load. However, the trend of the amount adsorbed per unit mass decreased with increased dosage. The model Freundlich equilibrium isotherm fits experimental data adequately, giving R2 values of 0.95, 1/n of 0.5183, and a K value of 7.08*10-5 L/g, being favourable for adsorption process.
Representações e práticas de cuidado de profissionais de saúde às pessoas com HIV
Authors: Angelim Rebeca Coelho de Moura , Brandão Brígida Maria Gonçalves de Melo , Marques Sergio Corrêa , Oliveira Denize Cristina de , Abrão Fátima Maria da Silva
Published: July 2019

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as representações sociais de profissionais de saúde acerca do cuidado de pessoas vivendo com HIV. Método Estudo descritivo e exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, à luz da Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado com profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se da técnica de entrevista semiestruturada, a qual foi analisada por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo lexical. Resultados Participaram 46 profissionais Os resultados analisados revelam que as representações e as práticas de cuidado referidas pelos profissionais de saúde são de ordem técnica, relacional e organizacional, assegurando o sigilo do diagnóstico e preocupando-se em desenvolver ações de acolhimento, fornecer orientações, esclarecimentos e apoio emocional e psicológico, além de se basear no sigilo, na prática assistencial de natureza multiprofissional e no enfrentamento das dificuldades estruturais. Conclusão É importante estimular o cuidado multiprofissional às pessoas que vivem com HIV, de forma que os profissionais se engajem, desenvolvam pensamento crítico e sejam capazes de atuar na melhoria dos serviços.
Preventing falls in hospitalized elderly: design and validation of a team intervention
Authors: Cunha Luís Filipe Correia da , Baixinho Cristina Lavareda , Henriques Maria Adriana
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of the present study was the design and validation, by a panel of experts, of a team intervention to manage the risk of falls in the hospitalized elderly. Method The method used was a quanti-qualitative approach, using the Delphi method. The study was developed in two phases: in the first, five researchers designed the intervention; in the second, 13 professionals validated it. Results The analysis of the content of the intervention designed by the participants in the first phase of the study allowed assignment of the indicators to the following previously defined categories: team formation; communication; leadership; monitoring; and mutual support. After two rounds, all the indicators obtained a consensus higher than 80%. Conclusion The present study allowed validation of a team intervention by a panel of experts, so that teams can manage the risk of falls in hospitalized elderly. The reliability test results ensure that the intervention can be used safely in clinics and for research.
Metamorphosis into mother after 35 years of age: a study of Grounded Theory
Authors: Santos Maria Anabela Ferreira dos , Lopes Maria dos Anjos Pereira , Botelho Maria Antónia Rebelo
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective To understand the transition process of women through maternity status after 35 years of age. Method The methodology of constructivist Grounded Theory was used in the design of research, data collection and analysis. Results The results allowed the construction of a comprehensive model of the transition to motherhood experience after the age of 35, called “Metamorphosis in Mother”. This process integrates several categories, being addressed in this article only two of them: “Confronting the dark side” and “Caring for herself”. Conclusion From the results, the difficulties experienced by the mothers around the 2nd month are highlighted, which revealed an obscure side of motherhood unknown to mothers and the need to take care of themselves to overcome these difficulties.
Tunnel vision in current chemicals management cannot deal with the unknown risk of synthetic chemicals in aquatic systems
Authors: Sobek Anna , Undeman Emma
Published: July 2019

Abstract Chemicals management is focused around the hazard, exposure and risk assessment of single chemicals. This is a slow process which cannot keep pace with chemical innovation and development of use. Environmental monitoring focuses on few, and well-known, chemicals. As a consequence, the majority of all chemicals emitted to the aquatic environment remain unstudied, and so does their risk. We conclude that to understand how chemical pollution affects aquatic ecosystems, requires reformation of current chemicals management, moving away from the single chemical approach. It requires increased transparency regarding chemical content in materials, products and articles, and importantly, a management system that covers different aspects of the many unknowns related to chemical pollution of aquatic systems. This implies for instance, environmental monitoring that screens for a wide range of chemicals and effects, and that is able to detect more unexpected effects of chemical pollution than what is possible today.
Perfil de homens submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica
Authors: Silva Lídia Cíntia De Jesus , Gonçalves Gama Glicia Gleide
Published: July 2019

OBJETIVO: descrever características sociodemográficas e clínicas de homens submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: estudo descritivo que analisou 39 prontuários de homens no período de janeiro a dezembro do ano de 2015, em um hospital privado especializado em cardiologia no município de Salvador, no estado da Bahia. Os dados foram tabulados e processados por meio de um software e apresentados descritivamente em tabelas e figuras. RESULTADOS: observou-se predominância de homens acima dos 60 anos ou mais (66,6%), com média de idade de 65,13 (dp 9,35). A maioria tinha como principais comorbidades, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (94,8%) e dislipidemia (77,0%). Todos tinham doença arterial coronariana com lesões graves em coronárias e a artéria mais revascularizada foi a descendente anterior (97,4%). Apenas 12,8% tiveram somente uma artéria coronária revascularizada. Salienta-se que 82% tiveram tempo de circulação extracorpórea menor ou igual a 90 minutos. CONCLUSÃO: homens submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica são em sua maioria idosos com presença de comorbidades, levando ao desenvolvimento de fatores de risco e doença grave do coração.
Демографический анализ онкологической заболеваемости и смертности на основе данных популяционных раковых регистров северо-запада России
Authors: Андреев Евгений Михайлович , Барчук Антон Алексеевич , Турсун-заде Рустам Тимурович , Мерабишвили Вахтанг Михайлович
Published: July 2019

Реально действующий популяционный раковый регистр дает возможность расчета системы показателей, характеризующих уровень онкологической заболеваемости и смертности населения на обслуживаемой регистром территории в некоторый период времени. Данные показатели по своим свойствам сходны с показателями таблиц смертности и мало зависят от возрастного состава населения, а также, в некоторой мере, не зависят от онкологической заболеваемости и смертности в предшествующие годы.

К сожалению, объем анализа баз данных популяционных раковых регистров регионов России ограничен. Также неизвестна полнота учета заболеваемости и смертности заболевших.

В работе были проанализированы данные 5 регионов Северо-Западного Федерального округа РФ в период с начала 2002 г. по конец 2013 г. Статья построена как сравнение двух периодов 2002-2007 и 2008-2013 гг. Объектом анализа стали изменения в заболеваемости, смертности от злокачественных новообразований и смертности больных (летальности) среди наиболее распространенных локализаций. Наряду с табличными показателями, такими как общее число когда-либо заболевших, число умерших, средний возраст в момент заболевания, средняя продолжительность жизни больного и др. рассмотрены стандартизованные по возрасту коэффициенты заболеваемости и смертности. Но главная цель статьи – демонстрация эффективности предложенного метода анализа и всего диапазона аналитических возможностей, которые открывает анализ доступных данных популяционного ракового регистра в России.
Endüstriyel odundaki sürütme zararlarının hasat mevsimine göre karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÜNVER OKAN Saliha , GÜMÜŞ Selçuk
Published: July 2019

Dünyada çok sayıda kullanım alanı olan odun hammaddesinin değerinin belirlenmesinde dikkate alınan ana parametreler; ürünün vasfı (tomruk, direklik, sanayi odunu ya da yakacak odun gibi), kalite sınıfı ve miktarıdır. Odun hammaddesinin vasfına ve kalite sınıfına göre birim fiyatlarının farklı olması nedeniyle ürünlerin değerleri de önemli oranda değişir. Ülkemizde mevcut orman yollarının standartlarının uygun olmaması ve mekanizasyonun fazla gelişmemiş olması nedeniyle büyük oranda tomruk üretimi yapılmakta ve zemin üzerinde kaydırma/sürütme teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, eğimli ormanlarda yukarıdan aşağıya doğru kontrolsüz kaydırma ile gerçekleştirilen bölmeden çıkarma çalışmalarında tomruklarda oluşan kalite ve miktar kayıplarının hasat mevsimine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışma, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde yarısı yaz mevsiminde ve yarısı kış mevsiminde zemin üzerinde kaydırma tekniği uygulanan toplam on altı adet hasat biriminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında kaydırma faaliyetlerinden önce ve sonra; tomrukların kalite sınıfları belirlenmiş, çap ve boyları ölçülmüş ve hacimleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca sürütme sonrasında odunlarda meydana gelen kırılma, çatlama, saçaklanma ve yaralanma gibi zarar tipleri ve zararların tomruk üzerindeki yeri tespit edilmiş, zararların boyutları ölçülmüştür. Kış mevsiminde tomruklarda oluşan zararlar yaz mevsimine oranla belirgin olarak daha az bulunmuştur. Yapılan bağımsız örneklem t testi analizinde hasat mevsimi ile zararın yeri, tipi ve odunun boyu arasında %95 güven düzeyinde (P<0.05) bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaz mevsiminde özellikle tomrukların uç kısımlarında oluşan zararları azaltmak için tomruk başlarına polietilen tomruk konisi takılması uygun olacaktır. Özellikle zeminin engebeli olduğu durumlarda gövde üzerindeki zararların önüne geçmek için yapay bir güzergah üzerinde kontrollü sürütme tekniği ya da havai sistemler kullanılmalıdır.
Spectrophotometric assay of the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase v1
Authors: Lombes Anne , Haraux Francis
Published: July 2019

F1F0 ATP synthase, complex V of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, is the enzyme that phosphorylates ADP into ATP using the electrochemical energy of the proton gradient generated by the respiratory chain. It produces the vast majority of cellular ATP. We describe an improved spectrophotometric assay for its activity, measured in its reverse reaction i.e. ATP hydrolysis. Using this procol in four different murine organs: brain, heart, muscle and liver, we obtained organ-dependent, reproducible and stable complex V specific activities, similar with fresh and frozen organs. Similar inhibition by oligomycin and exogenous IF1 demonstrated tight coupling between F1 and F0 domains. The activity was stable for several hours. It was linear with protein amount. A schematic representation of the assay is provided below.
Infant formula sample preparation for element analysis using PIXE/RBS v1
Authors: H. Frisbie Seth , J. Mitchell Erika , Roudeau Stéphane , Domart Florelle , Carmona Asuncion , Orterga Richard
Published: July 2019

This protocol was developed to quantify chemical elements from infant formula samples by PIXE/RBS (Particle Induced X-ray Emission / Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry). This protocol aims to analyze powdered samples. Liquid samples can also be prepared begining from step 6.
A Comparative Study of Gender Differences in Refusal Strategies from English Majors
Authors: Wang Qiaoying
Published: July 2019

Based on Geoffrey Leech's politeness principle (1975), Brown and Levinson's face saving and face threatening theory (1987), this paper is a comparative study of the gender differences in the refusal strategies employed by the English majors. The DCT (Discourse Completing Test) from Tanck Sharyl (2004) is modified in this study. The results of this study show that both male and female students of the English majors use the refusal strategies in a speech act. The differences of refusal strategies between male and female lie in the direct refusal and the indirect refusal. Most of the female students tend to use an indirect refusal politeness strategy to save the others’ face in the communication, avoiding the face threatening, while most of the male students seem to use direct refusal. The achievements of this study make some contribution to the relevant study and provide some indications to English teaching and learning in China. It is of some significance to improve the English pragmatic competence of English majors.
Internalised Ageism and Self-Exclusion: Does Feeling Old and Health Pessimism Make Individuals Want to Retire Early?
Authors: Van der Horst Mariska
Published: July 2019

An important current policy goal in many Western countries is for individuals to extend their working lives. Ageism has been identified as a possible threat to achieving this; furthermore, the ways in which ageism may affect this policy goal may have been underestimated. It has been claimed previously that ageism can be seen as discrimination against one’s future self and that a lifetime of internalising age stereotypes makes older people themselves believe the age stereotypes. The current article uses the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to assess the degree to which internalised ageism is related to one’s preferred retirement age. For internalised ageism, assessments are made about the degree to which individuals consider themselves to be old; they agree that their age prevents them from undertaking activities; they are pessimistic about their own future health and that being old comes with deteriorating health more generally. Results show that health pessimism especially affects one’s preferred retirement age negatively, even when controlling for current health and other factors, and mainly for middle-educated women. Implications are discussed.
Excluded from the Good Life? An Ethical Approach to Conceptions of Active Ageing
Authors: Pfaller Larissa , Schweda Mark
Published: July 2019

Contesting previous deficit-oriented models of ageing by focusing on the resources and potential of older people, concepts of ‘successful’, ‘productive’, and ‘active ageing’ permeate social policy discourses and agendas in ageing societies. They not only represent descriptive categories capturing the changing realities of later phases of life, but also involve positive visions and prescriptive claims regarding old age. However, the evaluative and normative content of these visions and claims is hardly ever explicitly acknowledged, let alone theoretically discussed and justified. Therefore, such conceptions of ‘ageing well’ have been criticised for promoting biased policies that privilege or simply impose particular practices and lifestyles. This appears problematic as it can obstruct or even effectively foreclose equal chances of leading a good life at old age. Against this backdrop, our contribution aims to discuss current conceptions of active ageing from an ethical point of view. Starting from an analysis of policy discourses and their critique, we first examine the moral implications of prominent conceptions of active ageing, focusing on evaluative and normative premises. By employing philosophical approaches, we analyse these premises in light of a eudemonistic ethics of good life at old age and detect fixations, shortcomings, and blind spots. Finally, we discuss consequences for ethically informed active ageing research and policies, highlighting the interrelations between one-sided ideals of ageing well and social discrimination and exclusion.
Old-Age Exclusion: Active Ageing, Ageism and Agency
Authors: De Tavernier Wouter , Aartsen Marja
Published: July 2019

This editorial serves a double purpose. It introduces the articles and commentary comprising this thematic issue on old-age exclusion, and simultaneously aims to make a concise contribution to the discussion on the relation between agency of older people and old-age exclusion. While indeed it is clear that limitations of agency due to a lack of resources in old age or age discrimination lead to exclusion of older people, the relationship between reduced agency and exclusion is less clear in the case of internalized age norms. It ends with a plea for surveys studying older populations to pay more attention to older people’s identities and life goals, opinions and reasons for action.
A Secure Tracking Automobile System for Oil and Gas Distribution using Telematics and Blockchain Techniques
Authors: AJAO Lukman
Published: July 2019

Crude oil is of high significance natural
resources to Nigerian economy and is one of the major sources of income to the
country development. The distribution of oil and gas products within the
country is conveyed through the road networks by engaging tankers and some other
type of automobiles. This approach of oil and gas distribution is susceptible
to diversion of oil products, vehicles hijacking, goods tampering and many
others challenges. In this paper, we present secure-tracking automobile system
for remote monitoring of petroleum conveyed products across the country. The
system evolves an in-vehicle based telematics tracking system for safeguarding
automobile conveyance of petroleum products, geo-location tracking, and
monitoring the petroleum volume of the tanker at every instance. The
integration of secure-database and telematics-based tracking system was
developed to communicates wirelessly, using existing telecommunication
technology called General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The in-vehicle unit
makes use of a GPS receiver and ultrasonic sensor to monitor the liquid volume
stage of the oil tanker at an interval of time. This database employs the use
of blockchain technology for hashing, using SHA-1 algorithm and then link the subsequent
records in the database for adequate security and prevent unauthorized
alteration of records and unscrupulous parties. This system was tested and
evaluated in terms of accuracy and precision of the GPS receiver coordinates
with a reported R95 circular error probability radius of 15 meters and
precision of 1.24 meters.
A Clustering Approach for Intrusion Detection with Big Data Processing on Parallel Computing Platform
Authors: SAHİNGOZ Ozgur Koray
Published: July 2019

Abstract— In
recent years there is a growing number of attacks in the computer networks.
Therefore, the use of a prevention mechanism is an inevitable need for security
admins. Although firewalls are preferred as the first layer of protection, it
is not sufficient for preventing lots of the attacks, especially from the
insider attacks. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) have emerged as an
effective solution to these types of attacks. For increasing the efficiency of the
IDS system, a dynamic solution, which can adapt itself and can detect new types
of intrusions with a dynamic structure by the use of learning algorithms is mostly
preferred. In previous years, some machine learning approaches are implemented
in lots of IDSs. In the current position of artificial intelligence, most of
the learning systems are transferred with the use of Deep Learning approaches
due to its flexibility and the use of Big Data with high accuracy. In this
paper, we propose a clustered approach to detect the intrusions in a network.
Firstly, the system is trained with Deep Neural Network on a Big Data set by
accelerating its performance with the use of CUDA architecture. Experimental
results show that the proposed system has a very good accuracy rate and low
runtime duration with the use of this parallel computation architecture. Additionally,
the proposed system needs a relatively small duration for training the system
Ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care centre of Jharkhand, India
Authors: Parashar Meetali , Mehta Meena
Published: July 2019

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions:Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one in which the fertilized ovum is implanted and develops outside the endometrial cavity. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. The present study was conducted to study the risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy in RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand during May 2017 to September 2018. A total of 90 cases were included in the study.Results: 80% of the patients presented with amenorrhoea, 98% had abdominal pain and 69% had vaginal bleeding. Ultrasonography revealed hemoperitoneum in about 93% patients. 16 (18%) patients had history of infertility whereas 10 patients (11%) had taken treatment of infertility.6 (7%) patients had history of STD or PID.14 (16%) had undergone bilateral tubectomy.2 (2%) had history of IUCD insertion and 12 (13%) patients had undergone previously lscs. 54 patients (60%) had undergone D and C and 6 patients (7%) had a previous history of ectopic pregnancy. 68 (76%) underwent only salpingectomy.12 (13%) had salpingo-oophorectomy and 10 (11%) had salpingectomy with contralateral tubectomy.Conclusions: Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy requires clinical suspicion and supportive investigations like UPT, ultrasonography, β HCG and laparoscopy. It is an important cause of admission to RIMS as maternal near miss cases.
Comparing use and acceptability of menstrual cups and sanitary pads by schoolgirls in rural Western Kenya
Authors: Mason Linda , Nyothach Elizabeth , Van Eijk Anna Maria , Obor David , Alexander Kelly T. , Ngere Isaac , Laserson Kayla , Phillips-Howard Penelope
Published: July 2019

Background: Girls in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) lack access to hygienic and affordable menstrual products. We explore Kenyan schoolgirls’ use and views of the cup compared to girls provided with disposable sanitary pads for a feasibility study.Methods: Schoolgirls aged 14-16 years, received a menstrual cup in 10 schools or 16 pads/month in another10 schools. All were trained by nurses on puberty, hand washing, and product use. They self-completed a net book survey at baseline and twice a term during a year follow-up. We examined their reported ease of insertion and removal, also comfort, soreness, and pain with product use. An aggregate ‘acceptability’ score was compiled for each product and girls’ socio-demographic and menstrual characteristics were compared.Results: 195 participants received cups and 255 pads. Mean age was 14.6 years, menarchial age was 13.6 years, with an average 3.8 days menses per month. Cup use was 39% in month 1, rising to 80% by month 12 (linear trend p<0.001). Pad use rose from 85% to 92% (linear trend p=0.15). Measures of cup acceptability demonstrated girls had initial problems using the cup but reported difficulties with insertion, removal and comfort reduced over time. Girls using pads reported fewer acceptability issues. At baseline, approximately a quarter of girls in the pad arm reported inserting pads intravaginally although this was significantly lower among girls with prior experience of pad use (aRR 0.62; 0.45-0.87).Conclusions: While a smaller proportion of girls provided with cups used them in the first months compared to girls given pads, reported use was similar by study-end, and early acceptability issues reduced over time. Girls in LMIC may successfully and comfortably use cups, but require instruction, support and some persistence.
Maternal and fetal outcome of heart disease in pregnancy: an audit in a tertiary hospital in India
Authors: Kambhampati Lalita , Mali Kimaya A. , Satia Meena N.
Published: July 2019

Background: There has been a rising incidence of pregnancy complicated by heart disease in India. The importance of heart disease in pregnancy lies in its high morbidity and mortality in both maternal and fetal outcomes combined with lack of enough established guidelines in its management.Methods: A study was done in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, KEM hospital, Mumbai from January 2016 to April 2017 retro prospectively studying the different manifestations of heart disease in pregnancy and the maternal and fetal outcomes.Results: During the study period, there were 6500 deliveries in the study center and of them 135 presented with heart disease. Of the 135 cases observed, 100 cases came under the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The incidence of heart disease in pregnancy in the current institute is 2%. In the 100 cases, 55% were seen to have Rheumatic heart disease, 32% with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease and 13% with other conditions such as peripartum cardiomyopathy and mitral valve prolapse. Maternal outcome shows 44 patients delivered vaginally, 21 by assisted vaginal delivery and 35 required caesarean section. Maternal adverse cardiac events comprised of heart failure seen in 11 cases, ICU admissions required in 14 patients and maternal mortality in one case. Neonatal outcome comprised of 31 preterm births, still births 2, low birth weight seen in 41 and 16 needing NICU admissions.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and prompt management with a multidisciplinary approach is fundamental in managing a case of heart disease in pregnancy.
Pelvic floor muscle training with and without biofeedback in treatment of overactive bladder
Authors: Badda Preethi , Batra Achla , Marwah Sheeba , Dewan Rupali
Published: July 2019

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a commonly encountered problem in gynaecological practice. It has profound effect on quality of life (QOL), affecting simple daily activities as well. Prevalence rates of OAB in Asians are 53.1%. The first line management of OAB is behaviour modification and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). Objective of this study was to comparative assessment of biofeedback assisted PFMT (BAPFMT) versus PFMT alone in treatment of OAB using strength of pelvic floor muscle and QOL before and after treatment.Methods: A prospective comparative randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effect of PFMT versus BAPFMT on OAB symptoms over period of 12 weeks. Total of 100 patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Randomization of patients was done into two groups of 50 patients each; half of them were subjected to PFMT and other half to BAPFMT. Appropriate statistical test were applied.Results: At the end of 12 weeks of intervention, there was a significant improvement in pelvic floor muscle strength and QOL in both groups (p<0.001). The improvement in pelvic floor muscle strength was more with BAPFMT; however there was no difference in improvement of QOL between the groups.Conclusions: Addition of biofeedback to PFMT may be a useful adjunct in OAB patients.
Analytical study to evaluate the relation between vaginal birth and pelvic organ prolapse quantification stages
Authors: Kushwah Prachi , Soni Sona
Published: July 2019

Background: Pelvic organ Prolapse (POP) is the downward displacement of central pelvic organs that are normally located at the level of or adjacent to the vaginal vault. These conditions are common and affect a progressively larger percentage of women as age advances especially in the postmenopausal years.Methods: Data were collected as a retrospective study. Thorough history was taken and physical examination was done. Demographic details of each patient were recorded including age, residence type, education and socio- economic status. A detailed history of all the patients was obtained included parity, live birth and nutrition status.Results: Significant difference was observed between patients with premenopausal and postmenopausal and POPQ stages (p=0.001). In postmenopausal 41(59.42%) in stage III and 20(28.99%) in stage IV POPQ, chances of POP was higher compared to premenopausal women 33(70.21%) in stage III and 6(12.77%) in Stage IV. Most of the patients belong to birth order 4 or more than that [73 (62.9%)] followed by birth order 3 [26 (22.4%)] and 2 [16 (13.8%)] whereas 38 (32.7%) patients had birth order >4. In patients with birth order ≥4 and 3 had higher distribution of POPQ stage III and IV respectively.Conclusions: From Present study it can be concluded that vaginal child birth plays a major role in development of POP. POPQ stages were statistically significant with high birth order.