bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL CERTAINTY OF ECONOMIC RIGHTS FOR UNREGISTERED CREATORS IN COLLECTIVE MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Adri Putra Anak Agung Bagus Jaya , Dananjaya Nyoman Satyayudha
Published: February 2025

This writing aims to analyze, identify, and elaborate on the legal protection of the economic rights of copyrighted works in Indonesia, based on the UUHC (Undang-Undang Hak Cipta or Copyright Law), and the legal certainty of economic rights for creators who are not registered with the Collective Management Institute after the enactment of PP (Peraturan Pemerintah or Government Regulation) Number 56 of 2021 concerning the Management of Copyright and/or Music Royalties. This study employs normative research with a statutory approach and analysis of legal concepts. The results indicate that the protection of creators' economic rights under the UUHC is regulated by Article 9, paragraph 3, which states that "any person without the permission of the creator or copyright holder is prohibited from copying and/or commercial use of the work." Copyright infringement will result in the perpetrator being classified as committing a criminal act in accordance with Article 113, paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of the UUHC. Additionally, repressive protection can be pursued through litigation and non-litigation means. To address the decarbonization related to exclusive rights between the UUHC and PP No. 56 of 2021, the resolution involves vertical harmonization, which requires the alignment of one law with the provisions of other laws and regulations that occupy different hierarchical positions.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS IN E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS: A REVIEW OF CIVIL LAW IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi
Published: February 2025

In an era of rapid globalization and digitalization, e-commerce has emerged as a cornerstone of the global economy. In Indonesia, e-commerce has experienced tremendous growth. According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information, the value of e-commerce transactions in Indonesia reached Rp 266.3 trillion in 2020 and is expected to continue rising with increased internet and smartphone penetration. Despite the economic benefits, this development has brought forth numerous legal issues that need to be addressed. Consumer legal protection in e-commerce transactions is a crucial issue, considering the prevalence of online fraud, discrepancies in product descriptions, and violations of consumer data privacy. This research explores several significant aspects of consumer legal protection in e-commerce transactions during the digital era, which have not been comprehensively addressed in previous literature. The study adopts a literature review approach to examine this topic, with a focus on civil law in Indonesia. Although the Consumer Protection Law (UU PK) covers various provisions related to the rights and obligations of businesses and consumers in buying and selling transactions, the implementation of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) in electronic transactions still faces several challenges. Crimes committed by businesses against consumers remain prevalent, and many consumers have yet to receive their rights, especially concerning safety and legal protection when they become victims of breach of contract in electronic transactions.
FACTORS HINDERING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS REGULATION NO. 84/2015 ON THE STRUCTURE AND WORK PROCEDURES OF THE VILLAGE GOVERNMENT IN SEREH VILLAGE, JAYAPURA REGENCY
Authors: Toroby Renida Joselina , Wulandari Nyariana Hadiyanti
Published: February 2025

The focus of this research is to explore the barriers that hinder the enforcement of Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 84 of 2015 regarding the Structure and Operating Procedures of the Village Government in Sereh Village, Sentani District, Jayapura Regency. Qualitative research methodology was utilized for this study. Data was gathered through observations, interviews, documentation, and literature reviews. The data was analyzed using techniques such as data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/validation. The findings of this study suggest that the Sereh Village Government prioritizes simplicity and efficiency in policy implementation to ensure optimal service delivery. However, in the process of implementing the regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs number 84 of 2015, communication and resources. Communication is currently restricted to activities related to developmental planning and socialization at the sub-district level. Furthermore, related to the placement of human resources, some are still not in accordance with their competencies. It is important to support and provide guidance to relevant agencies and village officials as they fulfill their responsibilities, roles, and positions in Kampung Sereh, Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, ensuring compliance with laws and regulations while considering the unique needs of the community and local traditions.
CRIMINAL LAW ENFORCEMENT IN EFFORTS TO ERADICATE MONEY LAUNDERING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sibero Sari Maharani Tarigan , Kristiawanto Kristiawanto , Ismed Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Money laundering is an illegal act that aims to hide traces of funds obtained from crime, so that they appear legitimate and legal. Money launderers use a variety of complex methods to evade law enforcement, while still enjoying the proceeds of their crimes. In Indonesia, there are laws designed to prevent and eradicate the criminal offence of money laundering, complemented by various instruments to streamline law enforcement. This research uses the normative juridical method, with qualitative analysis of juridical data in the form of laws and regulations and expert opinions. This research confirms that the formulation of the elements of the crime of money laundering in Articles 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 of Law No. 8 of 2010 can facilitate the process of investigation, prosecution, and examination. This simpler formulation of unlawful acts allows law enforcement officials to be more effective in taking action against money launderers, especially with regard to corporate legal subjects. Thus, clear and simple regulations can increase the success of law enforcement in dealing with money laundering offences in Indonesia.
Pre-Emptive Law Enforcement Efforts of Community Policing in the Prevention of Terrorism Crimes Based on Justice Values
Authors: Munasir Aco Ardi Andi , Soekorini Noenik , Astutik Sri , Cornelis Vieta Imelda
Published: February 2025

This research aims to: 1) Analyze the pre-emptive law enforcement efforts of Community Policing in the prevention of terrorism crimes based on the value of justice; 2) Analyze obstacles in efforts to enforce the pre-emptive law of Community Policing in the prevention of terrorism crimes based on the value of justice. The research method used is sociological juridical. The results of the study show that pre-emptive law enforcement efforts in the prevention of terrorism crimes have not been based on the value of justice, especially from the economic aspect, because the regulation of the pre-emptive policy model of community policing (Polmas) which is regulated in the Regulation of the Chief of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2015 concerning Community Policing (Polmas), has not regulated operational costs that should be allocated in order to carry out Polmas duties. Obstacles in the current pre-emptive law enforcement efforts to prevent terrorism crimes based on the value of justice are related to obstacles from legal substance, which include: unregulated operational costs, infrastructure, career path coaching, and reporting systems for Bhabinkamtibmas members.
The Impact of Implementing Investigative Certification at the Directorate of General Crime Actions of Criminal Investigation Agency Indonesia National Police
Authors: Pratiwi Ajeng Nuranisha , Nita Surya , Mayastinasari Vita
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of investigator certification in the Directorate of General Crimes at Bareskrim Polri and to analyze the impact of investigator certification on competence and performance in this Directorate. This research uses a qualitative research method, with Total Quality Management theory as the analytical framework. The results of the study show that the implementation of investigator certification in the Directorate of General Crimes at Bareskrim Polri aims to improve the technical, ethical, and legal competence of investigators in law enforcement, including handling complex cases such as cybercrime and corruption. The certification process includes special training, competency assessment, and the awarding of certificates after evaluations involving case simulations, written exams, and interviews. This certification significantly impacts the improvement of investigators' technical skills, legal knowledge, and analytical abilities, as well as helping to reduce administrative errors and increase the speed and quality of investigations. However, challenges such as uneven training and delays in issuing certificates can slow down law enforcement and hinder the equitable distribution of competence. Therefore, to maximize the impact, improvements in the certification process, budget allocation, continuous evaluation of training modules, and ensuring equal distribution of training are needed so that investigators have the necessary competencies, which in turn supports professional, transparent, and fair law enforcement.
Ratio Decidendi of the Panel of Judges in Passing Judgement (Case Study of Case Decision No. 202/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Gin)
Authors: Pramitha Dewi Putu Dyah , Yusa I Gede
Published: February 2025

This paper aimed to find out more deeply and understand the validity of debt and receivable agreements made by debtors and creditors with collateral for joint assets and to be able to find out and analyze the ratio of decisions of the Panel of Judges in handing down decisions. The method used is the normative research method, which uses several types of approaches, namely the case approach and the statute approach, the context of which is carried out by examining laws relating to legal issues. The results obtained from this research are that the debt and receivable agreement made by the parties in case Number 202/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Gin is not in accordance with the provisions of Article 36 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and ratio decidendi The Panel of Judges in this decision did not contain a legal basis explaining that the debt and receivable agreement made by the parties was legally valid.
PELATIHAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING UMKM PADA STUDIO FOTO IMAKO DI TRENGGALEK
Authors: ‘Aini Yulis Nurul , Djajanto Ludfi , Oktora Yekie Senja , Lestari Baroroh , Maskur Maskur
Published: February 2025

This activity aims to provide knowledge about financial management with the main topic being the preparation of operational budgets at Imako Trenggalek photo studio. The problems faced by partners are first, Imako has difficulty in preparing an operational budget to run a photo studio business due to lack of knowledge about financial management. Second, Imako has difficulty in sorting out business money and personal money. Third, the recording of expenditure and income transactions is unclear. Providing training and support to partners in making operational budgets and financial management is the solution offered.
PENINGKATAN PEMASARAN PRODUK UMKM KERAJINAN TANGAN PAPILLON'S SISTERS MELALUI PELATIHAN OPTIMASI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Rochman Fatkhur , Waris S. Abdul , Utomo Heru , Santoso Eko Boedhi
Published: February 2025

MSMEs play a strategic role in supporting the national economy, particularly in terms of job creation and income distribution. One of the main challenges faced by MSMEs is product marketing, especially in the current digital era. Therefore, a team of academics involved in community service aims to provide solutions for Papillon's Sisters Craft MSMEs in Malang City through training and mentoring in social media optimization strategies. This SME produces various handicrafts such as bracelets, earrings, necklaces, and other products using quality local and imported materials. However, the use of social media for product marketing has not been maximized. The community service methods employed include knowledge transfer, discussions, and problem-solving sessions, focusing on social media optimization strategies to enhance consumer interaction and boost sales. The results of this initiative indicate an increase in the understanding and ability of the MSMEs to utilize social media, as well as improved online visibility of their products. Social media optimization is expected to be effective in expanding marketing reach and increasing the sales potential of Papillon’s Sisters products.
Edukasi Literasi Keuangan dan Investasi di Pasar Modal bagi Generasi Muda
Authors: Anisah Nur , Prasetyo Deni Widyo
Published: February 2025

The primary goal of this community service initiative is to educate the local community, specifically the younger demographic, on ways to enhance the village's economy by promoting financial literacy and encouraging investment in the stock market. The approach utilised in these community service endeavours involves mentoring and interactive discussions. As a result of these activities, the young residents of Pandan Blolele Village in Ploso District and Bangsri Village in Plandaan District, Jombang Regency have been successfully introduced to and have implemented financial literacy and investment concepts from the stock market into their daily lives. By equipping them with this knowledge, they are less likely to fall victim to deceitful investments or unreliable digital financial platforms that operate outside the regulations of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) when they eventually become active members of society. The results of this mentoring provide a positive contribution in collaboration with youth organizations, schools, village community empowerment and universities.
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Halim Accu (Battery Automotive Retailer) pada Era Digital untuk Mencapai Daya Saing yang Kompetitif
Authors: Mafatikul Huda Muhammad Rifqi , Mukti Teguh Lingga , Winarno Agung
Published: February 2025

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a major contribution to the Indonesian economy but have many competitiveness constraints. Halim Accu as one of the MSMEs engaged in the automotive sector needs to improve its competitiveness, especially in digital marketing. The community service aims to help the owner of Halim Accu become more educated in the use of digital marketing. The method used is community service. The results of the assistance include; (1) Implementation of a structured operating system and work procedures in the form of organizational charts and work operational standards. (2) Automation of the transaction system using the point of sales cashier application. (3) Digital marketing through the use of social media and website. (4) Increased human resources competence through internal and external training. (5) Organized accounting system. (6) Optimization of store displays and product displays. (7) Brand and logo legality through the acquisition of Intellectual Property Rights.
Increasing Learning Outcomes and Learning Engagement by Using Discovery Learning Assisted by Trello
Authors: Ni’mah Muflihatun , Agustina Yuli
Published: February 2025

The increasingly massive digitalization creates new challenges for the world of education in order to produce students who are ready to collaborate, communicate, and discuss at any time and under any conditions. The aim of this research is to implement the Discovery Learning model assisted by Trello to improve the learning outcomes and learning engagement of phase E students in Class X MPLB SMK Nasional Malang. This type of research is classroom action research carried out in 2 cycles with data analysis using percentage comparisons in cycle 1 and cycle 2. The results show that the implementation of this combination is able to maximize learning activities and increase students' learning outcomes. Scores at the end of the cycle increase in both the affective, cognitive and psychomotor domains. students help each other, which has an impact on increasing the speed of completing assignments. Students' learning engagement also increases at the end of the cycle, which can be seen from students becoming more active and participative in working on group projects.
The growth capability of natural and mutated bacteria in a solid nutrient-contaminated medium with lead and cadmium
Authors: Aljanabi Huda A. Yaseen , Al-Jaberi Meiad M.
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the growth of natural and mutated bacterial strains (B. subtilis and P. fluorescens) in nutrient agar contaminated with heavy metals (lead and cadmium). The results showed significant differences (p≤0.01) in bacterial counts for the various treatments. B. subtilis natural outperformed P. fluorescens natural in unpolluted medium, but in lead-contaminated medium, B. subtilis also showed better growth. In contrast, P. fluorescens had a higher count than B. subtilis in cadmium-contaminated medium. Mutagenesis of B. subtilis for 30 minutes led to a significant increase in growth across all media, while 60-minute mutations resulted in reduced growth, particularly under heavy metal stress. For P. fluorescens, 30-minute mutations showed improved growth in lead-contaminated medium compared to the natural strain, while 60-minute mutations also performed well in cadmium-contaminated medium. The findings suggest that mutation can enhance bacterial resistance and tolerance to heavy metals, likely due to changes in DNA and protein structures. These adaptations may involve mechanisms like ion efflux, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation, contributing to the bacteria’s ability to survive in contaminated environments. These results highlight the potential of using mutated bacteria for the bioremediation of heavy metal-polluted environments.
A new intelligent system for malicious URLs detection
Authors: AL-Shawk Hayder Raeed Hekmat , El-Hasnony Ibrahim M. , El-Bakry Hazem M.
Published: February 2025

In cybersecurity, recognizing and mitigating malicious URLs represents paramount challenges due to their various cyber threats, including phishing, malware distribution, and fraud. This paper aims to create a URL detection system that employs machine learning and data mining methods. The proposed system comprises several steps: data acquisition, preprocessing, feature selection, URL tokenization, and classification. First, we acquire a recent dataset containing both malicious URLs and normal ones and 87 numerical features. The features are preprocessed by scaling them using a standard scaler to prevent the model from being biased towards certain features. Furthermore, Fick's Law metaheuristic optimization algorithm (FLA) is used for feature selection, utilizing the Light Gradient Boosting Machines (LGBM) accuracy as a fitness function for the algorithm, resulting in a 50% feature reduction. The URLs are tokenized using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and converted to a feature vector. The combined BERT feature vector and FLA-selected features are input for the Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) classifier, achieving 96.59% accuracy, 96.75% precision, 96.41% recall, and 96.58% F1-score. The system surpasses all other machine learning and deep learning methodologies in its validation. Additionally, the proposed system outperformed the results of previous studies that utilized the same dataset. The proposed system is an effective and efficient approach for detecting malicious URLs, safeguarding digital assets, and ensuring the integrity of online environments.
An intelligent credit card fraud detection model using data mining and ensemble learning
Authors: AL-Dulaimi Ahmed Samer Ismail , Abdelmaksoud Islam R. , Abdelrazek Samir , El-Bakry Hazem M.
Published: February 2025

The widespread use of credit cards has led to an increase in fraud. Credit card fraud detection involves identifying and preventing fraudulent transactions, either in real-time or post-occurrence. This paper seeks to create an advanced credit card fraud detection model via data mining. The proposed method comprises four essential steps: data acquisition, preprocessing, feature selection, and fraud detection. A recent balanced dataset is acquired, containing 28 anonymized features about the credit card transactions, along with the transaction amount and the transaction label (normal or fraud). The dataset is then explored to clean it and ensure its integrity. Feature selection is executed via the Energy Valley Optimization (EVO) metaheuristic method, employing the accuracy value of the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) as the fitness function. This results in a 30% reduction in features. The reduced dataset is then input into the classification step, where an ensemble soft voting model is applied. This model encompasses Extra Trees, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) classifiers. The proposed model averages the probability of the three classifiers for each label and outputs the label with the highest average probability. The proposed method is assessed using recall, precision, accuracy, and F1-score, attaining 99.89%, 99.58%, 99.74%, and 99.74%, respectively. The proposed approach is evaluated against existing machine learning classifiers and relevant studies using the same dataset, showcasing enhanced performance and confirming its efficacy in identifying credit card fraud.
Monitoring of anthropometric parameters of 16-18 Year Olds
Authors: Elmazi Rovena , Kushta Entela , Mara Ferdinand , AnduelaLile AnduelaLile , Pogoni Junida , Çobaj Jorida , Xhebexhiu Klajdi
Published: February 2025

The development of health and performance-related physical fitness components during the early stages of life has an important impact on maintaining a sustainable level of physical fitness and improving health outcomes in the future, according to many studies. This study aims to analyze anthropometric parameters and physical activity levels in Albanian adolescents aged 16-18 years, making a comparison between urban and rural areas. Physical activity during this period of life is essential for physical and psychological well-being, as well as for the development of executive and cognitive functions. The study included 1,147 students from different schools in Albania and relied on mixed research methods, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Anthropometric measurements were performed according to international standards, including height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). The results show that 68.2% of the participants had a normal BMI, while the prevalence of underweight was higher in rural areas (20.6%) than in urban areas (16.8%). Meanwhile, overweight and obesity were more prevalent in urban areas. The findings suggest the need for policies focused on promoting physical activity and health education in both areas to ensure healthy youth development.
Academic perspectives in high school students in the food and beverage field: Motivations, difficulties and support needs
Authors: Esteban Torres-Zapata Ángel , Leticia Zarza-García Addy , Esther Castillo-Ortega Sara , Patricia Acuña-Lara Juana , Jesús Brito-Cruz Teresa Del , Pablo Sánchez-Domínguez Juan
Published: February 2025

Technical preparatory schools in Mexico, particularly those in the food and beverage sector, face challenges such as limited resources and institutional barriers, despite using a competency-based educational model that integrates theory and practice. This research aims to analyze the academic perspectives of high school students in this area, focusing on their motivations, difficulties, and support needs. Using a mixed-methods approach, a validated questionnaire was applied to new students entering a technical preparatory school in Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, between August 20 and September 20, 2024. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Microsoft Office, employing descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis to identify patterns and draw conclusions. Of 108 students, 89.81% completed the assessment satisfactorily, with the majority being women (55.67%) and an average age of 15.03 years. Overall academic performance was rated as “Good,” with Language and Communication being the most preferred subject (52.58%). The most common study methods were reading and summarizing (62.89%). Regarding motivation, 77.32% pursued personal and professional goals, and 62.89% prioritized extracurricular activities. Although 68.04% reported positive well-being, areas for improvement were noted in infrastructure, academic support, and communication, emphasizing the need for a balanced environment. Effective high school education requires personalized teaching methods and emotional support.
Automatic author attribution of different languages: A review
Authors: Medh Smriti Priya , Sarma Shikhar Kumar
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of writing styles over a century and its implications for author identification. We analyze a diverse corpus of texts spanning a hundred years, focusing on linguistic features such as vocabulary, syntax, and discourse patterns. Our findings reveal significant shifts in writing styles over time, influenced by cultural, technological, and social factors. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of these changes on the task of author identification, a crucial area in forensic linguistics and stylometry. We demonstrate how traditional methods of authorship attribution may be challenged by the evolving nature of language use. However, we also highlight the potential for machine learning techniques, such as deep learning models, to adapt to these changes and improve author identification accuracy. Overall, this study sheds light on the dynamic nature of writing styles and the challenges and opportunities they present for author identification in the digital age, with special importance to low-resource languages.
Identification and mapping of stakeholder roles in the development of local wisdom-based tourism villages in Cikolelet tourism village, Serang, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Purnaweni Hartuti , Warsono Hardi , Yuniningsih Tri
Published: February 2025

Local wisdom is a promising tourist attraction in the development of tourism villages. Prosperous tourist villages with local wisdom are stable and developed tourist villages (Bali and Yogyakarta). Meanwhile, other tourist villages that promote village development with local wisdom in Indonesia have not been widely explored. This is constrained by stakeholders' understanding of local wisdom and tourist attractions within tourist villages. This study aims to describe and analyze the identification and mapping of stakeholders in developing cultural traditions with local wisdom in Cikolelet Tourism Village. Data were generated from semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using stakeholder theory within a public administration approach. The analysis results show that the identification of interests is divided into heterogeneous segmentations based on the accessibility that stakeholders can reach. Second, stakeholders still do not fully understand the need to develop local cultural traditions as promising tourist attractions for improving the community's economy. The results of the study recommend forming a community of local tourism actors; the village government can officially initiate stakeholder collaboration so that the contribution of each stakeholder complements the existing limitations in the development of Cikolelet Serang, Indonesia, tourism village.
Teaching strategies and development of creativity in education
Authors: Aquije-Mansilla María Elizabeth , Rios Teresa Chara-De los , Solis-Trujillo Beymar Pedro , Pérez-Ruiz Jhon Christian
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the role of education in a global context, emphasizing creativity as a key component for preparing new generations to face future challenges. It highlights international commitments such as the Incheon Declaration for Education 2030, which advocates for inclusive and quality learning opportunities. Systematic reviews synthesize findings from multiple sources, providing a comprehensive and robust perspective on the topic. This method allows for a deeper understanding of the theoretical foundations of creativity in education, particularly through models such as Guilford’s framework and the 4P's of creativity. The review identified creativity as a fundamental element in education, structured around key aspects such as fluidity, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The findings emphasize the importance of fostering creativity within educational environments to enhance learning opportunities and problem-solving skills. Creativity plays a crucial role in modern education, helping students develop essential competencies for the evolving global landscape. Integrating creativity-focused models can improve learning outcomes and better prepare students for future professional and personal challenges. Educational institutions and policymakers should incorporate creativity-driven frameworks into curricula and teaching methodologies. Emphasizing creativity can lead to more engaging and effective learning experiences, fostering innovation and adaptability among students.
Bank rates predictors and economic growth: Nigeria experience
Authors: Okolie Joseph Obi , Ujuju Lucky Ejieh , Erhijakpor Andrew E. O. , Adegbite Yetunde Abie , Onuorah Anastasia Chi-Chi
Published: February 2025

The study examined the effect of bank rate predictors on Nigeria's economic growth from 1982 to 2022. The bank rate predictors considered are: saving rate (SIR), prime lending rate (PLM), maximum lending rate (MLR), treasury bill rate (TBR), and monetary policy rate (MPR), while economic growth was measured by real gross domestic product (RGDP). The data was collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria Bulletin. The sourced data were tested using auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology. The study reported that SIR has p-values of 0.6722 and 0.7512 in the short and long term, respectively. SIR has no effect on RGDP in Nigeria in both periods, whereas PLM has p-values of 0.6620 and 0.6841 in both the short and long term. PLM has a minor effect on Nigeria's RGDP; MLR has p-values of 0.5528 and 0.5681 in both periods, respectively. MLR has no effect on Nigerian RGDP in both periods, whereas TBR has p-values of 0.4480 and 0.6987 in both the short and long runs. TBR has no significant effect on RGDP in Nigeria in both periods, but MPR has p-values of 0.2916 and 0.2024 in both the short and long runs. MPR has a negligible effect on RGDP in Nigeria in the short term. In light of the data, it is clear that the bank rate measures adopted had a minor influence on RGDP in Nigeria. It was discovered that SIR, PLR, MLR, TBR, and MPR have minimal effects on RGDP in both the short and long term in Nigeria. Hence, the government should utilize its monetary policies to influence interest rates in a way that prevents them from acting as a barrier to investment.
Reputation and multiple stakeholder outcomes: The role of organizational culture and customer trust
Authors: Asser Hasan N , Beydoun Abdulrahman , Ali AlaaEldin Abbass
Published: February 2025

In the current landscape, characterized by significant volatility, organizations are increasingly focused on grasping and harnessing the perceptions of their varied stakeholders to establish an enduring competitive edge. As such, organizational culture, business reputation, and customer trust are vitally important concepts for practitioners and academicians because of their possible influence on external and internal stakeholders. Given the amplified importance of the multi-stakeholder standpoint, this study engages in path analysis using SPSS-AMOS software to examine the mediating influence of perceived company reputation between organizational culture and customer trust on one side and employee engagement and customer satisfaction on the other side among 135 Lebanese hotel visitors and 189 Lebanese hotel staff through a questionnaire survey using a convenience sampling technique. The results acknowledge the influence of culture and consumer trust on reputation and multiple stakeholder outcomes. Additionally, reputation influences customer satisfaction but not employee engagement. Finally, reputation partially mediates the connection between trust and satisfaction but does not mediate the relationship between culture and employee engagement. This study can contribute to the Lebanese hotels’ management efforts in improving hotels’ reputation and satisfying customers through positive organizational culture and customer trust.
Attitudes and barriers to family planning methods among reproductive-age women in Southern Philippines
Authors: Flores Rica , Trajera Sheilla M. , Ching Gregory S.
Published: February 2025

The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law of 2012 established a framework to promote reproductive health and rights in the Philippines. This study investigates the attitudes and common barriers to family planning among reproductive-age women in Southern Philippines. A quantitative approach was used, with a structured questionnaire administered to 70 women attending prenatal care services in Barangay Lag-asan, Bago City, Negros Occidental. Statistical analysis examined the relationships between attitudes, perceived barriers, and various sociodemographic factors. The findings reveal that the majority of participants maintain positive and optimistic attitudes toward family planning. While factors such as age, religion, family income, education level, duration of marriage, number of pregnancies, and employment status did not significantly influence attitudes, marital status was significantly associated with more favorable perceptions. Additionally, common barriers assessed across emotional, social, and cognitive domains did not significantly differ among the various demographic groups. These results suggest that, overall, positive perceptions prevail, although marital context appears to shape individual attitudes. The insights provided by this study underscore the need for enhanced government initiatives, increased funding, and culturally sensitive educational programs to improve the accessibility and awareness of family planning, ultimately promoting better reproductive and neonatal health outcomes.
Research plan: Utilizing multiple regression analysis to evaluate factors influencing customer satisfaction with banking services
Authors: Othman Khalid Talib
Published: February 2025

The main objective of the research will be to evaluate factors that affect customer satisfaction with the banking service provided through multiple regression analysis. As the banking industry has geared itself towards the driver of customer satisfaction as the paradigm for its success, the precise determinants for the same need to be unearthed. The examination of this paper includes service quality, responsiveness, personal interaction, security, and their direct contributions to levels of customer satisfaction. A structured survey is being designed to collect quantitative data on a representative sample of bank customers regarding various aspects that will be analyzed through multiple regression to identify and quantify the influence of each factor. The research is carried out using a quantitative technique, and the main analysis approach in this respect is a statistical analysis technique. Each of the variables will be looked at separately in an attempt to find out not only which one has a greater effect but how the change or fluctuation in the variables would relate to customer perceptions and, hence, overall satisfaction. The findings are anticipated to illuminate pragmatic insights for banking institutions in providing directions regarding which areas the services should be worked on to bring about a significant enhancement in customer satisfaction. The research will thus have set up the provision for the banking institutions to improve their services based on data and enhance the strength of customer relationships. The research also highlights possible constraints, such as demographic variance in customer expectations, to present a complex understanding of satisfaction determinants within a banking context. Therefore, as a result, the research intends to enhance theoretical knowledge and, at the same time, provide practical solutions toward customer satisfaction to enable banks to build better operational service models that are centered on the needs of the customers.
Comparative analysis of single-pulse and two-pulse echo signals in cobalt micropowders and nanowires
Authors: Gavasheli T. , Mamniashvili G. , Gegechkori T. , Donadze G.
Published: February 2025

This study compares the behavior of two-pulse and single-pulse echo signals in cobalt micropowders and nanowires. In the first instance, the analysis focused on the influence of an additional magnetic video pulse on the echo signals in cobalt micropowders. The findings confirm the edge mechanism responsible for single-pulse echo formation in cobalt micropowders, where the fronts of the radio-frequency pulse act analogously to the radio-frequency pulses in the two-pulse Hahn echo technique. In the second instance, the radiofrequency resonant magnetometry method evaluated the coercive force of cobalt nanowires embedded in a polymer matrix and polarized by a magnetic field. The two-pulse and single-pulse echo signals were also examined during the magnetization and remagnetization of cobalt nanowires in this sample. The results also align with the conclusion that the edge mechanism underpins single-pulse echo signal formation in this context. Understanding the SPE formation mechanism is crucial for exploring phenomena such as multiple TPE signals, cumulative echoes, and the use of magnets as spin processors.
Workplace safety drivers: Strategic insights into communication, procedure, infrastructure, leadership & emergency procedure
Authors: S Sothivanan. , K Manikandan. , E Nakkeeran.
Published: February 2025

Workplace safety is a notion that derives from research on high-reliability organizations. The possibility of physical injury, whether immediate or gradual, to people, property, or the environment while they perform their duties is a feature of work systems. We explained the main strategies and advancements to achieve no accidents in the workplace. It acts as the foundation for building a strong safety structure that protects the health and safety of those engaged in hazardous oil, chemical, and gas industries. Here, our work emphasizes obtaining and maintaining Safety Integrity Level (SIL) ratings in accordance with Indian and international standards to reduce hazardous gas leaks and implement security measures. We also discussed the statistical techniques of workplace safety and its factors, such as strategic insights into communication, procedures, infrastructure, leadership, and emergency procedures. We used five distinct manufacturing and healthcare-based industries for comparison. Company 4 has a high mean in incident awareness and communication (3.46±0.21). Company 5 has a high mean in risk assessment and hazard identification. Company 1 has a high mean in training and competency, including emergency response and incident reporting. It also explains how safety-conscious companies can lower workplace accidents through the use of emergency response, incident communication, and safety management techniques.
Quantitative analysis of athletic performance enhancement: The effects of aerobic training on VO₂ max in young soccer’s
Authors: MARA Ferdinand , ÇOBAJ Jorida
Published: February 2025

Soccer is a high-intensity sport that combines aerobic endurance with agility and neuromuscular coordination to optimize performance. The literature review described the many roles that aerobics play in soccer, from professional performances to youth development, and the range of methods used to evaluate and enhance it. The present study has been designed to examine the impact of incorporating aerobic exercises combined with acrobatic movements into the training regimes of young soccer players and their repercussions on athletic performance as measured by VO₂ Max. A total of 44 male soccer players, aged 18-19, were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 22), following standard soccer training, or an experimental group (n = 22) that included aerobic and acrobatic exercises three times per week over an entire competitive season. VO₂ Max was measured in the laboratory at the Sports University of Tirana before and after the intervention. Data analysis included independent samples t-tests and Repeated Measures ANOVA. The baseline, control, and experimental groups were statistically not different in their VO₂ Max values. This therefore means that differences at the start did not obscure findings. After training, the experimental group showed a significant increase in VO₂ Max over the control group, thus confirming the hypothesis that the combined aerobic and acrobatic training has positive effects on endurance and athletic performance. There was a significant interaction effect of training modality and VO₂ Max improvement, F (1, 42) = 1176.58, p < .001; the experimental group showed a significantly higher increase in VO₂ Max compared to the control group. These findings indicate that the combination of aerobic and acrobatic exercises in soccer training improves cardiorespiratory endurance and possibly contributes to the general development of an athlete. The study has shown the importance of new training methods in optimizing soccer performance and has provided empirical evidence for their effectiveness. The findings of this study confirm the notion that soccer training programs should combine aerobic drills with acrobatic elements to maximize endurance. Further studies should investigate the long-term effects of such training methods and their influence on match performance and the prevention of injuries.
Correlation between carcinoembryonic antigen and systemic immune-inflammation index with the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya during 2022-2024
Authors: Adidharma I Made Ary , Danardono Edwin , Hariastawa I G. B. Adria
Published: February 2025

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy. It occurs due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes in the cell genome that transform normal epithelial cells into adenocarcinoma. CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) is a marker that is often used and is associated with carcinogenesis. The SII (Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index) is an integrated indicator based on peripheral lymphocytes, neutrophils, and platelets; it is a strong prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma but has not been widely reported in cases of colorectal cancer. This research is an observational analytical study with a cohort retrospective method to link CEA and SII with the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients at RSUD Dr. Soetomo from 2022 to 2024. Data collection was obtained from medical records that met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software. According to the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff values for CEA and SII are 0.564 and 0.641, respectively. Based on these data, 44 samples were divided into high CEA, low CEA, high SII, and low SII groups. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between CEA and length of stay and stage; SII and length of stay also had a significant relationship (p < 0.05). However, the relationship between CEA and SII with mortality was not significant (p > 0.05). There was a significant relationship between CEA and SII values with length of stay and tumor stage. However, there was no significant relationship between CEA and SII values and mortality in colorectal cancer patients.
The Fourth Dimension of Time and Gravity
Authors: Roopkom Ittipat , Wisartpong Pichet , Jongchanachavawat Wirote , Stout Beverly F. , Mayteevarunyoo Tawatchai , Wardkein Paramote
Published: February 2025

This article presents a novel perspective on understanding the nature of time through the proposition of a new elementary particle called ‘Timeons.’ Timeons are hypothesized to be integrated with space, forming a unified matter known as spacetime. Spacetime is conceptualized as a singular entity encompassing three spatial dimensions (width, height, and depth), which expand infinitely, alongside one dimension of time influenced by the presence of Timeons. When matter moves within spacetime along any trajectory, it catalyzes the manifestation of time at that specific point. Considering time on an axis, it behaves as a one-dimensional continuum progressing forward along the arrow of time. Analysis suggests that Timeons are intermediary particles that transfer energy through spacetime, converting it into gravitational force acting upon matter. This intrinsic nature of Timeons within spacetime delineates the experience of matter’s time and exerts influence on gravitational forces affecting matter.
REFERENDUM AS AN INSTRUMENT OF DEMOCRACY IN A STATE GOVERNED BY THE RULE OF LAW: AN ANALISYS THROUGH THE LENS OF THE ROMANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT'S CASE-LAW
Authors: Bărbățeanu Valentina
Published: February 2025

The paper intends to highlight the importance of the referendum in a democratic State and to stress the need that its organization and conduct have to be in accordance with the standards required by a State governed by the rule of law. The role of the Constitutional Court will also be depicted and its case-law will be briefly presented in what concers the most relevant aspects of the referendum as an instrument used by the citizens in order to participate in the decision-making process at the State level.
COMMITTEE OF REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IMPACTING LOCAL GOVERNANCE PERFORMANCE THROUGH REGIONAL INITIATIVES
Authors: Qejvani Olta , Lirëza Linert
Published: February 2025

A key organization in the European Union that represents municipal and regional governments is the Committee of Regions (CoR). It uses a number of regional efforts to significantly influence how local governance functions. In the EU policymaking process, the CoR represents the interests of cities and regions. It guarantees that local and regional leaders' opinions are heard regarding laws that impact local governance.
            The Committee plans training sessions, seminars, and workshops to enhance local governments' capabilities. Through these programs, local authorities are able to acquire the knowledge and abilities necessary for efficient implementation of regional development context. The organization itself influences EU financing programs like the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The CoR ensures that financial resources are allocated to projects that enhance local infrastructure and governance by exerting influence over the allocation process. Additionally, it encourages municipal authorities to involve individuals in decision-making processes by promoting participatory governance models. Through these initiatives, the Committee of Regions significantly enhances the performance of local governance in the EU. By advocating for local interests, facilitating knowledge exchange and promoting capacity building, the CoR aims ensuring that regional authorities have the proper capacities to meet the challenges they face and improve the quality of life for their citizens.
            This paper aims to investigate the role of the CoR in local governance through the instrument of regional initiatives. It begins with an overview of the institution's structure, analyzes the regional initiatives that have been successfully implemented thus far and delves deeper into the ways in which the CoR works with other EU institutions to enhance regional initiatives. After conducting a qualitative investigation on the Lisbon Treaty and Committee of Regions web data, our final goal is to pinpoint the creative advancements that this organization has made that have strengthened local governance while also outlining potential further initiatives.