bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nilai, Makna, dan Simbol dalam Pertunjukan Wayang Golek sebagai Representasi Media Pendidikan Budi Pekerti
Authors: - Cahya
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ This paper raises Â the issue Â of meaning Â and valuesÂ  contained Â in a puppet show spectacle purwa as a formÂ  of folk who still has the characteristics ketradisiannya. A puppet show for this is still seated was not just art that entertain spectators, but more than that, a puppet show is able to give meaning and value to the life of society Â and culture.Understood as a form Â of spectacle, Â guidance Â and Â order, Â then Â theÂ  puppet show not Â only seated Â as edhipheni Â art, but also Â as art bersrata Â adhiluhung. Â One Â characteristic Â Â of these keadhiluhungannya Â chargesÂ  that haveÂ  value Â philosophy Â of life Â that includes Â the moral, Â reli- gious, ethical and aesthetic. Â Such values can be found Â in the content Â of the play or story pre- sented by puppeteer, through Â working on Antawacana Â pembendaharaan form (dialog Â puppet) in accordance Â with the character Â and the character Â of the puppet.With regard to the charge of those values, Â then the form Â of a puppet show into Â a reality Â of life as an inspiring Â value of character Â education Â for social Â life and culture.Â Keywords: puppet, value, Â meaning, Â manners.Â Â Â Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Tulisan ini mengangkat persoalan makna dan nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam pertunjukan wayang golek purwa sebagai sebuah bentuk tontonan rakyat yang masih memiliki ciri-ciri ketradisiannya. Pertunjukan wayang golek selama ini masih didudukkan tidak sekadar seni yang menghibur penontonnya, akan tetapi lebih dari itu, pertunjukan wayang golek mampu memberikan makna dan nilai bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat dan berbudaya.Bentuk tulisan ini pun merupakan perasan dari hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan multidisiplin terutama berkaitan dengan nilai kefilsafatan dan estetika pedalangan.Dipahami sebagai sebuah bentuk tontonan, tuntunan, dan tatanan, pertunjukan wayang tidak hanya didudukkan sebagai seni yang Â edhipheni, tetapi juga sebagai seni yang bersrata adhiluhung. Salah satu ciri keadhiluhungannya tersebut yaitu memiliki muatan-muatan nilai filosofi kehidupan yang meliputi nilai moral, religi, etika, dan estetik.Nilai-nilai tersebut dapat dijumpai dalam isi lakon atau cerita yang disajikan oleh dalang, melalui pembendaharaan bentuk garap antawacana (dialog wayang) sesuai dengan tokoh dan karakter wayangnya.Adapun hasil atau capaian dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pertunjukan wayang golek menjadi sebuah realitas nilai kehidupan sebagai inspirasi pendidikan budi pekerti bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat dan berbudaya.Â Kata kunci: wayang golek, nilai, makna, budi pekerti.
Keberlanjutan dan Perubahan Seni Pertunjukan Kuda Kepang di Sei Bamban, Serdang Bedagai, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Dewi Heristina
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ In Serdang Â Bedagai Â kuda kepang has been living and Â developing for a long time. Â Kuda kepang has had music, dance and trance performed on wedding party, thanksgivings, Â circumsion and celebration days. This research to continuity and changes in kuda kepang performan Â in Sei BambanÂ  subdistrict, Â Serdang Â Bedagai regency, North Sumateraprovince. Â The aim of Â this re- search is to analyseÂ  the continuity Â and changes. Â It uses Â qualitative Â method. Data collection usages Â snow ball samplings Â with observation, Â interviews Â and documentation. Â Field Â findings show that the continuity Â of kuda kepang keeps maintaining Â due to the locals remain supporting ang getting Â guidance from the community. Â The on going changes are the interests Â of becoming kuda kepang players Â are getting Â down. Also, Â seeking the players Â who want to get tranced Â are getting Â fewer. For Â keeping the survival Â of kuda kepang being more attractive Â the performers add musical Â performance, Â playÂ  and Â sings.Â Keywords: kuda kepang, continuity,Â  Â trance, Â and changesÂ Â Â Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Di Serdang Bedagai pertunjukan Kuda Kepang telah lama hidup dan berkembang. Pertunjukan kuda kepang memiliki unsur musik, tari, dan kesurupan. Sampai sekarang kuda kepang masih didukung masyarakat setempat. Kuda kepang ditampilkan pada acara perkawinan, syukuran, sunatan, dan perayaan hari besar. Penelitian terkait dengan keberlanjutan dan perubahan seni pertunjukan kuda kepang di Kecamatan Sei Bamban, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, Sumatera Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji faktor- faktor penyebab keberlanjutan dan perubahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data memakai teknik snowball samplingÂ  dengan melakukan obse rvasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil te muan lapangan me nunjukkan keberlanjutan kuda kepang dapat terjaga karena masih mendapat dukungan dan pembinaan dari komunitas pendukungnya. Perubahan yang sedang terjadi adalah minat menjadi pemain kuda kepang makin hari menurun. Juga mendapatkan pemain yang mau kesurupan makin sedikit. Untuk memertahankan kelangsungan hidup kuda kepang agar lebih menarik para pemain melakukan penambahan peralatan musik, lakon cerita, dan nyanyian.Â Kata kunci: kuda kepang, kesurupan, dan perubahan.
Penciptaan Teater Tubuh
Authors: Supartono Tony
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ The Â process Â of creative Â of theatricalÂ Â  body is an offer of renewal Â theatre Â by exploring and processing Â the body, which become the main Â key in theatre production.Â  Â This paper proposed the design to offer new thinking, Â and alternative Â thinking.Creative Â of theatrical Â bodyis a process Â of body practice Â with the body consciousness Â either Â as an idea or the body itself Â as the idea, the learning Â process of the body until get the consciousness Â movements which resulted by the body. For Â the process of practice Â the researcher Â called it as â€œActorÂ  Body Interrogationâ€ Â that is the process of breaking Â and re-asking Â the problem of actorsâ€™ Â body.Creative Â of theatrical Â body offers new point Â of view about Â the body, which not only as the expression media, but the body itself stands Â alone as its identity. The body is considered Â as the phenomenaÂ  Â which stand Â alone and also making relationship to the environment, Â spaces, build- ings, vehicles, peoples, even to the society Â and their Â ideology which dominant. Â Therefore, cre- a t i v e Â o f Â t h e a tr i ca l b o d y i s a p ro ce s s o f Â com p l e t e Â t h e a t re Â b e t we e n a ct o r, Â a n d Â t h e Â b o d y laugaugeinclude its relationship to the society.Â Keyword: Â theatre, Â body, body interogation,Â  Â public Â spaceÂ Â Â Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Proses penciptaan teater tubuh merupakan penawaran pembaharuan teater dengan menggarap dan mengolah tubuh, yang menjadi kunci utama produksi teater. Paper ini mengajukan rancangan untuk menawarkan pikiran-pikiran baru, pikiran-pikiran alternatif. Penciptaan teater tubuh adalah proses latihan tubuh dengan kesadaran tubuh sebagai gagasan atau tubuh itu sendiri sebagai ide, proses belajar pada tubuh sehingga mendapat kesadaran gerak-gerak yang dilahirkan oleh tubuh. Proses latihannya penulis memberi nama â€œinterogasi tubuh aktor â€, yaitu proses membongkar dan mempertanyakan kembali persoalan tubuh aktor.Penciptaan teater tubuh menawarkan pandangan baru tentang tubuh yang bukan sekedar media ungkap tetapi tubuh itu sendiri mandiri sebagai sebuah identitas. Tubuh dipandang sebagai fenomena yang berdiri sendiri tetapi sekaligus melakukan relasi dengan lingkungan: jalan, bangunan, kendaraan, orang-orang dan bahkan seluruh masyarakat dan ideologinya yang sedang dominan. Dengan demikian penciptaan teater tubuh adalah proses teater yang utuh antara aktorÂ Â  dan bahasatubuh sekaligus relasinya dengan masyarakat.Â Kata kunci : teater, tubuh, interogasi tubuh, ruang publik.
Komodifikasi Tari Barong di Pulau Bali (Seni Berdasarkan Karakter Pariwisata)
Authors: Dewi Anggraeni Purnama
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAK Artikel ini berjudul “Komodifikasi Tari Barong di Pulau Bali”, yang mengungkap bagaimana keterkaitan antara seni tradisional yang bersifat religius yang pada awalnya hanya dipersembahkan untuk upacara ritual keagamaan, namun kini menjadi industri pariwisata yang bernilai komersial. Pulau Bali atau yang terkenal dengan sebutan Pulau Dewata atau Pulau Seribu Pura kerap kali menjadi tujuan utama dari para wisatawan, baik lokal maupun mancanegara sebagai tempat berlibur. Selain pesona alam yang indah, Bali memang sangat kaya akan adat istiadat dan budayanya. Seiring dengan tuntutan pemasaran produk pariwisata, maka kenyataan yang ada di Bali saat ini terkait dengan seni pertunjukan adalah, bagaimana mengemas seni tradisional yang bernilai religius menjadi seni pariwisata yang bernilai komersial yang dapat dipertontonkan secara bebas kepada para wisatawan. Salah satu seni pertunjukan yang telah dikomodifikasi menjadi seni pariwisata adalah tari tradisional Barong. Kata Kunci: Komodifikasi Tari Barong, Seni Pertunjukan, Industri, PariwisataABSTRACTThe title of this article is "The Commodification of Barong Dance in Bali". This article reveals how the relationship between the traditional art of a religious nature that was originally only offered for religious rituals, but now becoming commercially valuable tourism industry. The Bali island or which is known as the island of the gods, or island of thousand temples, often becomes the main purpose of the tourists, both local and foreign tourists as a vacation destination. Besides of natural charm and beautiful beaches, Bali is very rich in tradition and culture. Along with the demands of the tourism product marketing, Bali islandthat currently associated with the performing arts is, how to package the valuable traditional religious art becomes art tourism commercial value that can be displayed freely to the tourists. One of the performing arts that has become commodified touristic art is traditional Barong dance.Keywords: Commodification of Barong Dance, Performing Arts, Industry, Tourism
Kursi Betawi: Bentuk Dan Fungsi Dalam Seni Pertunjukan
Authors: Rachmat Gerry
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Chair as one of supporting elements in the life of social society Indonesian in general. With progress in experiencing shift shape and function in accordance with the development of science, technology and art. The Chair became one of an important property on Betawi arts performances. The form of a Betawi Chair having a distinctive feature diï¬€erent from other chairs. A method of this research is through Participatory Action Research (PAR), by selecting Â Betawi Chair Â as the objects which used as a stage property in Lenong Betawi shaw in a television program. This Study producet an understanding of the concept of performances on thematic stage setting, and playerâ€™acts ( interaction of the players, stage and properties ) so giving atmosphere impression and the misit which is representatif and harmony.Â Keywords: betawi chair, form, function, performance artÂ Â Â Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Kursi sebagai salah satu elemen pendukung dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat Indone- sia pada umumnya. Dalam perkembangannya mengalami pergeseran bentuk dan fungsi se- suai dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni. Kursi menjadi salah satu properti yang penting pada pertunjukan kesenian Betawi. Bentuk dari Kursi Betawi memiliki ciri khas yang berbeda dari kursi yang lain. Metode penelitian ini yaitu melalui Participatory Action Research (PAR), dengan memilih Kursi Betawi sebagai objek yang dipergunakan seba- gai properti panggung pertunjukan Lenong Betawi di suatu acara televisi. Kajian tulisan ini menghasilkan sebuah pemahaman konsep pertunjukan dengan penata panggung yangsesuai dengan tema, dan aktivitas pemain (interaksi pemain, panggung dan propertinya) sehingga memberikan suasana, kesan dan pesan yang representatif dan harmoni.Â Kata kunci: kursi betawi, bentuk, fungsi, seni pertunjukana
Tari Manyakok, Tari Turun Mandi, dan Tari Podang Perisai sebagai Ekspresi Budaya Masyarakat Melayu Riau
Authors: Irdawati Irdawati
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAKTulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian tentang nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat Melayu melalui tiga tari tradisional di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Provinsi Riau. Tiga bentuk tari tradisional tersebut adalah  Tari Manyakok, Tari Turun Mandi dan Tari Podang Perisai. Ketiga tari tradisional hidup dan berkembang dilatar belakangi oleh budaya masyarakat setempat. Tari Manyakok merupakan cerminan budaya menangkap ikan yang memiliki simbol-simbol berkaitan dengan budaya masyarakatnya. Tari Turun mandi merupakan tarian ritual yang berhubungan dengan kelahiran seorang anak, dan tari Podang Perisai merupakan simbol kepahlawanan dalam mempertahankan daerah dari serangan musuh. Kata Kunci: Tari Manyakok, Tari Turun Mandi, Tari Podang Parisai, Budaya Melayu, Kuantan Sengingi ABSTRACTThis paper is describing the research about the value of culture of Malayan people through three different dance in Kuantan Singingi Regency of Riau Province. These dance are Manyakok Dance, Turun Mandi Dance, and Podang Perisai Dance. From these results, the conclusion is these form of dance are growing and spread, based on their own culture. Manyakok Dance reflect the tradition of fishing, and have the symbol that related with the culture. Turun Mandi Dance is a ritual dance that related with the birth of a child, and Podang Perisai Dance is a symbol of patriotizm in defending the region from the attack of enemy. Keywords : Dance Mangoyak,Dance Turun Mandi, Dance Podang Parisai, Malay Culture, Kuantan Sengingi
Seni Pertunjukan Sintren di Kabupaten Indramayu dalam Perspektif Historis
Authors: Nurlelasari Dini , Herlina Nina H , Sofianto Kunto
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT This paper is a description of sintren performing arts in Indramayu. The purpose this study was to determine how the deployment sintren performing arts and how the function changes from historical perspective. The method used is historical method. The results showed that sintren developed in North Coast of Java and Central Java, West Java, including Indramayu. Sintren functions from time to time is change. It is influenced by several factors, religious (culture), political, and economic. First sintren is sacred ritual. When Islam came turned into an entertainment that contains a moral message as media propaganda. In the colonial period sintren remain as an entertainment that serves as a medium of political resistance against the colonial government. Until now sintren as entertainment but be affected by economic factors in order to keep the public preferred. Therefore, at this time shows sintren modified with modern songs.Key Words: Sintren, Indramayu, dissemination, historicalABSTRAK Tulisan ini deskripsi tentang seni pertunjukan sintren di Indramayu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penyebaran seni pertunjukan sintren dan bagaimana perubahan fungsinya dalam perspektif historis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sintren berkembang di Pesisir Utara Jawa serta Jawa Tengah sebelah barat dan Jawa Barat sebelah timur, termasuk daerah Indramayu. Fungsi sintren dari masa ke masa terus berubah. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor agama (budaya), politik, dan ekonomi. Pada awalnya sintren merupakan sarana ritual yang sakral. Ketika Islam datang berubah menjadi sarana hiburan yang mengandung pesan moral sebagai media dakwah. Pada masa kolonial sintren tetap sebagai sarana hiburan yang berfungsi sebagai media politik perlawanan terhadap pemerintah kolonial. Hingga saat ini sintren sebagai hiburan namun terpengaruh oleh faktor ekonomi agar tetap disukai masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, saat ini pertunjukan sintren dimodifikasi dengan lagu-lagu modern.Kata Kunci: Sintren, Indramayu, penyebaran, historis
Teknik Fotografi dalam Sastra Realisme L'ADULTERA Karya Theodor Fontane
Authors: Gantrisia Kamelia
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  This research is entitled â€œPhotography Approach in the Literary Work of Realism L'Adultera by Theodor Fontaneâ€. The aims of the research are to identify the descriptions found in literary work and the representation of photography criteria found in those descriptions. The methods employed in this research are formal method. The analysis is carried out by explaining the descriptions briefly and using them to identify parts of the text pointing to those descripstions. They are then analyzed by means of photography criteria from Heinz Buddermeier and Erwin Koeppen.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  The result shows that the descriptions are concentrated on three types of setting descriptions: realm, interior, and building setting. In every description various description techniques which are similar to common techniques used in photography are found. They are observer's view transition, transition and/or regularity of observer's position, occuracy and sharpness of the object, static quality and object visual, and inequality of object setting.Â Key words: realism, description, photographyABSTRAKÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Penelitian ini berjudul â€Teknik Fotografi dalam Karya Sastra Masa Realisme L'Adultera Karya Theodor Fontaneâ€. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasikan deskripsi-deskripsi yang muncul dalam karya sastra dan mengkaji penggambaran-penggambaran fotografis dalam deskripsi-deskripsi tersebut. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah metode formal. Analisisnya dilakukan dengan cara menjabarkan secara singkat tentang deskripsi dalam karya sastra dan mempergunakannya untuk mengidentifikasikan bagian-bagian teks yang mengarah pada deskripsi. Bagian-bagian teks yang mengandung deskripsi tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis dengan bantuan kriteria-kriteria fotografi menurut Heinz Buddemeier dan Erwin Koppen.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa deskripsi-deskripsi yang dimunculkan dalam karya dikonsentrasikan pada tiga jenis deskripsi latar, yaitu latar alam, interior, dan bangunan. Dalam setiap deskripsi ditemukan berbagai teknik penggambaran yang memiliki kemiripan dengan teknik-teknik yang biasa dipergunakan dalam fotografi, yaitu perpindahan pandangan pengamat, perpindahan dan/atau keajegan posisi pengamat, ketepatan dan ketajaman objek, sifat statis dan visual objek, serta ketidaksejajaran latar objek.Â Â  Â Kata Kunci: realisme, deskripsi, fotografi
Pemanfaatan Imaji Bali Dari Instagram Sebagai Metode Berkarya Seni Rupa Bertemakan Identitas
Authors: Himawan Willy , Sabana Setiawan
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPraktek penciptaan karya seni rupa pada dasarnya memiliki regularitas yang didasari oleh common sense (nalar wajar), dalam proses permulaan, produksi hingga apresiasinya. Dalam sejarah Seni Rupa Indonesia, persoalan itu hadir oleh karena suatu prinsip yang disebutnya sebagai prinsip modernism. Modernisasi yang terjadi di Bali melalui pengaruh orang-orang barat dan utamanya perkembangan pariwisata telah menstrukturkan Bali pada identifikasi tentang tempat yang khas dengan budaya kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakatnya, panorama alam serta suasana mistis-eksotis yang selalu menginspirasi.Penelitian ini melihat pemanfaatan identifikasi tentang Bali, melalui imaji-imaji yang terdapat dalam media sosial Instagram,pada praktek penciptaan karya seni rupa dengan menggunakan nalar wajar yang ditawarkan oleh metodologi visual.Pemanfaatan imaji-imaji tentang Bali yang terdapat pada Instagram telah menggeser situs produksi yang akan menimbulkan makna-makna baru, namun tidak menghilangkan makna-makna dan konteks yang sebelumnya melekat padanya.Kata kunci: bali, identitas, imaji, praktek penciptaan, metodologi visualAbstractThe led-practice of art basically have a regularity that is based on the common sense, on the beginning of the process, the production and its appreciation. In the history of Indonesian Arts, this issue is present because of the principle of modernism. Modernization is happening in Bali through the influence of the western and main tourism development that structured Bali on the identification on the images of distinctive culture with unique daily life, natural scenery and mystical-exotic atmosphere that always inspire.This research looked at the use of the identification of Bali, through the images contained in Instagram, the led-practice sensed by visual methodology. The Application of images of Bali contained in Instagram has shifted production sites which will give inflict to new meanings, but it does not eliminate the meanings and contexts that were previously attached to it.Keywords: bali, identity, images, led-practice, visual methodology
Tari Rampoe Sebagai Cerminan Karakteristik Masyarakat Aceh
Authors: Restela Rika , Narawati Tati
Published: October 2017

ABSTRAKArtikel ini adalah kajian Etnokoreologi yang dipadudengansosiologidan folkloreyang digunakanuntukmenganalisistariRampoeyang merupakan tariankolektif dari lima tarian Aceh, yaitu Seudati, Pho, Laweut, Ratoh Duek dan Saman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan karakteristik masyarakat Aceh serta keterkaitannyaantara struktur pemerintahan adat dankepemimpinan dalam tari, serta keterkaitan antara pola tatanan masyarakat danesensi syair maupun gerak tari Rampoe. Untuk itudibutuhkan analisis yang tajam terhadap teks dan konteks pada tarinya.Penelitiankualitatifini, membuktikan hasil, bahwa: (1) bentuk kepemimpinan tari diadopsi dari pemerintahan adat, (2) sifat masyarakat Aceh yang tegas, memilikihargadiri yang tinggi, kompak, setia kawan, menjunjung nilai-nilai persaudaraan, dan pantang menyerah, tercermin dalam esensi gerak dan syair pada tari Rampoe.Kata kunci: Tari Rampoe, Etnokoreologi, karakteristik masyarakat AcehABSTRACT This article is a study of ethnochoreology wich combined with sociology and folklore, and used to analyze ‘Rampoe’ dance that consists of five Aceh dances such as namely ‘Suedati, Pho,Laweut, RatohDuek and Saman’. The objective of this study is to reveal the characteristics of the Acehnese and its associations between traditional governance structure (sultan, ulama,ulleebalang), andleadership in the dance (syekh, aneuksyahi, apiet), as well as the relation pattern of social order with the essence of poetry and movements of ‘Rampoe’ dance. So it needs a sharp analysis of the text and the contexts of dance. Theresult of thequalitative research that related to the essence of movement and poetry, are: (1) The form of leadership in the dance adopted from traditional administration:, (2) The nature of Acehnese attitudesarefirm, having high self concept, compact, loyal, uphold the brotherhood values, and never give up.Keywords: ‘Rampoe’ dance, Etnochoreology, Acehnese characteristics.
Oxidative Stress: An Overview
Authors: Ahmad Md. Parwez Parwez
Published: October 2017

Not available.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 1-2
A Comparative Study Between Cefixime and Ofloxacin in The Treatment of Uncomplicated Typhoid Fever Attending A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Mishra Chandan , Jha Awadhesh Kumar , Ahmad Md. Parwez , Singh Smita , Ansari Akhtar Alam
Published: October 2017

Background: Typhoid fever is a gastrointestinal infection caused by Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S.typhi). Typhoid fever continues to be one of the major public health problems in developing countries. Antimicrobial therapy is critical for the clinical management of enteric fever. Incidences of multi-drug resistance to S. typhi (MDRST) and nalidixic acid resistant (NAR) strain have limited treatment options. Resistance pattern and time to fever clearance vary in different geographical areas and overtimes. Hence, this study was conducted to compare efficacy and safety profile of Cefixime and Ofloxacin in uncomplicated typhoid fever in this region.Method: 50 adults proven cases of typhoid fever of the age group of 18-57 years of either sex were included in the study. Group I was treated with Cefixime 200 mg twice a day for 7 days and CG I was treated with Ofloxacin 200 mg twice a day for 7 days. Patients were clinically and bacteriologically evaluated during the study period and follow-up.Result: So both study groups were found comparable in terms of mean fever clearance time. 96% cure rates were observed in both groups. No relapse was recorded.Conclusion: Both Cefixime and Ofloxacin are equally efficacious and safe in the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 3-7
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Risk Factors and Prevention of Stomach Cancer among Professional Students at Selected Colleges, Bangalore
Authors: Khaling Dipa Rai , KC Sudikshya , Malla Chandani
Published: October 2017

Background: Cancer is one of the most important causes of morbidity and the magnitude of the problem is gigantic. Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the world as well as in India. Majority of the patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. It is widely held that 80% to 90% of stomach cancers may be attributable to environmental and life style factors such as tobacco, alcohol and dietary habits. Primary cancer prevention refers to avoiding cancer causing substances in the environment or dietary elements associated with increased risk.Methods: The research approach adopted for the study was experimental approach and research design selected for the study was experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Simple random sampling technique was used for the selection of 60 professional students. The tool used for the data collection was structured knowledge questionnaire, which had two sections. Section-A provides about socio-demographic data and Section-B deals with knowledge on risk factors and prevention of stomach cancer. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square values and ‘t’ test.Results: The result of this study showed that in pre-test 43(71.67%) of them had inadequate level of knowledge, 17(28.33%) of them had moderate level of knowledge and none of them had adequate level of knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of stomach cancer whereas in post-test, 40(66.67%) of them had adequate level of knowledge, 20(33.33%) of them had moderate level of knowledge and none of them had inadequate level of knowledge regarding risk factors and prevention of stomach cancer. The enhancements mean score was 16.72±1.28.Conclusion: The study was found to be effective in improving the knowledge of professional students regarding risk factors and prevention of stomach cancer.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 8-11
Acute Diarrhoea Management in Emergency; Influencing Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns
Authors: Islam Mohammed Mansuri , Ahmad Md. Parwez , Ansari Akhtar Alam , Khatun Tarannum , Ansari Mohammad Ashfaque , Sarraf Pramod Kumar
Published: October 2017

Background: Medical students are taught the internationally accepted approach to acute diarrhoea, viz. adequate fluid and electrolyte replacement is the fundamental management of acute diarrhoea. Antibiotics should be restricted to specific indications, such as acute dysentery. Despite the well known rationale, there has been a high rate of prescription of antibiotics for acute diarrhoea presenting to Emergency.Methods: The pre and post intervention data was collected in the following way. All Emergency case records were routinely scrutinized in the Dept of Family Medicine after discharge with the exception of cases that were admitted to the wards. All cases with a discharge diagnosis fitting the clinical criteria of acute diarrhoeal syndrome: diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, dysentery and cholera were separated, analysed and recorded sequentially.Results: Initially doctors were prescribing  antibiotics for 52.8% of case of non-bloody diarrhoea. In the 2nd intervention period there were few cases, but it is remarkable how few were prescribed antibiotic (20%) while the survey of prescribing habits was underway. In the 3rd intervention period when an education event took place, it was the peak of the diarrhea season. Prescribing increased somewhat to 29%. In the 4th intervention a letter was sent out to the doctors describing the results so far, and pointing out the lower prescribing by “senior doctors”. The overall changes in prescribing behaviour after the educational interventions were statistically significant. The reduction in prescribing noted when comparing intervention 1 and intervention 4, is highly significant (antibiotic p < 0.0001, anti-protozoal p<0.0001). In the 5th intervention period when appropriate prescribing was no longer actively promoted, the rate of prescribing increased again to 41.4% of cases. A similar pattern is noted for antiprotozoal prescribing. The increase in prescribing noted in the 5th period was still less than in the 1st period (antibiotic p=0.041, anti-protozoal p=0.055). The increase in prescribing from periods 4 to 5 was significant. (Antibiotics p<0.0001, anti-protozoal p = 0.012).Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 12-17
Comparison of Growth Pattern in Neonates on Breast Feed Versus Formula Feed
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar , Singh Raj Kumar , Shah Rajesh Prasad , Ahmad Equbal , Ansari Akhtar Alam , Islam Mohammed Mansuri
Published: October 2017

Background: Breast milk and colostrums are the first feeding sources for infant, providing nutrients, growth factors and immunological components. So we conducted this study to compare the growth pattern of neonates on breast feed versus formula feed.Methods: This study was done in the Department of Pediatrics, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from 2015 July to 2016 July as cross sectional study. The Non Probability purposive sampling technique was used. Information on type of feeding was obtained from mothers. Subsequently neonates were divided in two groups on the basis of type of feeding (i.e. breast feeding or formula feeding).Results: In this study the mean age of the patients was 16.56±6.26 days and the mean gestational age of the patients was 8.52±0.97 months. The male to female ratio of the patients was 1.3:1. Statistically there was significant difference found between the weight gain in study groups at 10th, 14th week and 4th month follow up i.e. p-value<0.05.Conclusion: The prevalence of breastfeeding in infants in our study was 52.3%. Our results showed that the breast fed infants had better weight gain compared to formula fed infants; however there was no statistically significant difference in gain in length between breast fed and formula fed infants.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 18-23
Evaluation of Normal Heart Rate in Early Pregnancy Corresponding to Gestational Age between Six to Eight Weeks
Authors: Jha Akhilesh Kumar , Rimal Bikranta , Khatun Tarannum
Published: October 2017

Background: Ultrasonography is the reliable and safe way for the evaluation of pregnancy. Heart rate can be detected more confidently from the Ultrasonography. Heart rate is an important parameter for the evaluation of early pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the normal heart rate in embryos/fetuses between 6 and 8 weeks of gestation.Method: In our region people are poor and most of them do not know the benefit of regular follow up examination during pregnancy. So most of pregnant women come to our centre at late stage of pregnancy. The number of pregnancy cases is good in our centre but the number of early pregnancy cases coming to regular follow up examination is low. Thus the study was conducted in 51 normal singleton pregnancies undergoing routine ultrasound examination during the first trimester of pregnancy. The duration of study was 6 weeks.Result: Out of 51 singleton pregnancies, 20 cases (39.2%) heart rate were between 131-150 beat per minute and 25 cases (49.0 %) heart rate were between 151-170 beat per minute. However 4 cases (7.8%) were between 110-120 beat per minute and 2 cases (3.9%) were more than 171 beat per minute. There were zero cases above the 180 beat per minute.Conclusion: The result of this study will help to evaluate abnormal and normal fetal heart rate so that early clinical decision whether to continue the pregnancy or terminate it can be taken, as Ultrasonography is only the method used in screening fetal well being in most of the region of our country.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 34-37
Dietary Agents and Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Review Article
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad , Mishra Anuradha , Usmani Afreen , Ahmad Md. Parwez
Published: October 2017

Amongst all types of primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest form of liver cancer in the world. Cancer chemoprevention using dietary supplements and phytochemicals has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Numerous study reports suggest the role of phytochemicals and dietary compounds in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Certain dietary agents and related phytochemicals present in grapes, pomegranate, vegetables, beans, turmeric, soy, rice bran, and fish oils are reported to have chemopreventive potentials against hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytochemicals such as Carotenoids, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), Curcumin, Resveratrol, Rutoside, Quercetin, Chrysin and Silibinin have possible therapeutic importance in tumor suppression during the initial phases of carcinogenesis. Many phytochemicals which are still under investigation lack the scientific data in support of anticancer properties of these compounds rather than anti-oxidant mechanism. So, emphasis should be given on the investigation of plausible molecular mechanism behind anticancer activity. This review summarizes the use of these dietary agents and phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of HCC and also highlights the mechanisms responsible for their effects.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 52-62
Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) follow up from 23 week of gestation
Authors: Parveen Nuzhat , Khatun Tarannum
Published: October 2017

The development of the respiratory system starts at 3 weeks of gestation, and aberrations in developmental processes may result in structural abnormalities collectively referred to as bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. These lesions include congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAMs), sequestrations and infantile lobar emphysema. Case presented is of right lung CCAM diagnosed at 23 weeks of gestation, followed during antenatal periods for complications, delivered at 39 weeks, planned thoracotomy with lobectomy done on 3rd day of life and followed up till 1 year. Detailed anomaly scan and close monitoring for structural abnormalities of fetus is needed for appropriate management. Relationship of CPAM with early pregnancy severe infections remains to be established.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 63-66
Incessant Bilobed Thymus in an Case Report Old Male Cadaver
Authors: KC Sudikshya , Shah Aashish Kumar , Khaling Dipa Rai
Published: October 2017

Thymus is bilobed primary lymphoid organ situated in superior and anterior mediastinum. The appearance of thymus varies considerably with age. It reaches maximum size at puberty and eventually undergoes “fibro fatty involution”, but it may persist actively to old age. Therefore, normal appearance and size of thymus have been elusive. Embryologically, it develops, as two separate organs from the endoderm of third pharyngeal pouches of embryo in common with inferior parathyroid glands and fuse in the midline. The study was carried on 10 embalmed cadavers of known sex in Anatomy Department of National Medical College, Birgunj, Nepal. We found a large bilobed thymus in about 65 year old male cadaver. This fact is clinically important to make differential diagnosis of radiological review in cases of mediastinal mass. A thorough knowledge of its anatomical and embryological features of the thymus, it’s normal variations, incessant in adults is necessary before doing any therapeutic, diagnostic and invasive procedures.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 67-70
Cinnamon Water Extract: for Lowering High Blood Cholesterol Level of Students and Staff Members of Buraydah College of Pharmacy and Dentistry
Authors: Alnemr Osama , Ahmed Abdel Hamied , Khan Mohd. Faiyaz , Akhtar Juber
Published: October 2017

Hyperlipidemia (high level of cholesterol in blood) may have a negative effect on the overall health including hypertension and platelet adhesions. The use of herbal medicine, like consumption of cinnamon in treating and preventing abnormality in lipid metabolism has gained an important attention. In this study, immediate effect of cinnamon extract on blood cholesterol was observed and determined. In this study thirty individuals were participated from Buraydah Private College, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Two blood samples were taken from each participant before and after consumption of cinnamon extract in the duration of ten days. Twenty three participants were observed lower blood cholesterol level in compare to before intervention. This study showed that cinnamon have a positive impact on lowering high blood cholesterol.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 78-80
Clinical Diagnostic Tests versus Medial Branch Blocks for Adults with Persisting Cervical Zygapophyseal Joint Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Usunier Kendra , Hynes Mark , Schuster James Michael , Cornelio-Jin Suen Annie , Sadi Jackie , Walton David
Published: October 2017

Purpose: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to identify clinical tests for diagnosing cervical zygapophyseal joint pain (CZP) and to determine their diagnostic accuracy. Method: A search strategy was carried out to find relevant evidence published in CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PEDro from 1980 to January 1, 2015, pertaining to the clinical diagnosis of CZP. Quality assessment was completed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–2. Results were analyzed to pool sensitivity and specificity and clarify diagnostic value. Results: Seven articles (n=463) were included for data synthesis and review. Intersegmental mobility tests were found to have the highest diagnostic accuracy, with pooled sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.94) and specificity of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.81). The pooled sensitivity for mechanical sensitivity (palpation) was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.95), and specificity was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.71). Conclusion: Limited studies are available that discuss the clinical diagnosis of CZP, and significant heterogeneity is present in the available data. In this review, intersegmental mobility tests were found to be the most accurate. Clustering of tests, agreement on a reference standard, and further exploration of CZP referral patterns are recommended.
The effectiveness of communication channels in government and business communication
Authors: Sanina Anna , Balashov Aleksey , Rubtcova Mariia , Satinsky Daniel M.
Published: October 2017

This study is based on the observation that the theoretical literature examining how government can improve the efficiency of its communication with business audiences has paid only limited attention to the technical (or formal) organization of the communicative process. The paper presents a quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of different communication channels and of the use of multi-channel communication strategies. In doing so, it introduces the concept of “communicative result” as the criteria for measuring efficiency. It further compares the technical parameters of different channels in terms of their reliability, speed, and effectiveness. It considers the impact of cultural factors on the efficiency of communication channels. It presents a data-driven framework for evaluating and developing efficient government communication channels within specific national, cultural conditions.

Using the data collected in Russia, the paper presents how the most widely used government communication channels for voluntary, inter-active communication with business audiences actually work in practice. The empirical research draws from 1,065 individual government uses of specific channels to reach small, medium and large-scale business. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variation (ANOVA) and correlation analysis of channel complementarity and effectiveness. The study also explores the patterns of use of channels by businesses characterized as having different levels of innovation status and as operating with different levels of oversight or regulation by government.

Utilizing the overall theoretical framework and the specific information provided from studies in Russia, the paper presents some specific characteristics of the use of communication channels by Russian business, as well as a number of internationally relevant issues. It finds that: (1) Personal contact, either directly or through known intermediary acquaintances is the most efficient means of communicating with Russian business. (2) The smaller the number of steps in the communication chain, the quicker the response achieved. (3) Use of “mediated contact” is more important in reaching most types of businesses in Russia that in other countries. (4) Government organizations need to select the proper composition of various communication channels to achieve the most efficient results. (5) Just as in the study of any other communication, consolidation of the technical characteristics of communication channels and empirical data should be used to review the efficiency of government and business interactive communications.
Building the Brain: The Architectural Interior in George Eliot'sMiddlemarch
Authors: Ryder Molly
Published: October 2017

While George Eliot's use of organic structures (such as water, webs, and currents) as a vehicle for the representation of contemporary psychological theories and mental processes has been extensively explored, far less critical attention has been paid to the structural counterpart to these organic images: the labyrinth, staircase, and anteroom. Focusing on Middlemarch (1872), this article explores the slippage between the well-documented organic mode of representation and that of the architectural and built metaphors through which Eliot pushes at the boundaries of the realist aesthetic, as well as the moments in which she displays a conversion technique by describing something organic in architectural terms. Eliot demonstrates these conversions particularly during the portion of the novel set in Rome, a city that unites the architectural and the archaeological, allowing the novel's heroine to construct and renovate her vision of her husband's mind via these schemes. Through such analysis, this article argues that Eliot's formal mode creates a bridge between material and psychological realism.
Exocentric compounds in Akan
Authors: Appah Clement K. I.
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this paper is to investigate exocentric compounds in Akan and to present a Construction Morphology account of their properties. I show that the complex issue of exocentricity is better accounted for if we distinguish between formal and semantic exocentricity. I present Bauer's (2008, 2010) typology of exocentric compounds (bahuvrihi, exocentric synthetic, transpositional exocentric, exocentric co-compounds and metaphorical exocentric compounds) and test the Akan data against them, showing that all Akan compound types (N-A, N-N, N-V, V-N, and V-V) are either exocentric or have exocentric subtypes which fall into three of the five types identified by Bauer. They are bahuvrihi compounds and exocentric synthetic compounds (of which I identify two subtypes each) and transpositional exocentric compounds. I present the properties of each identified type of Akan exocentric compound using formalisms from Construction Morphology ( Booij 2010b ) in which compounds are word-level constructions capable of having holistic properties. The unexpressed features of the exocentric compounds are regarded as holistic constructional properties that do not emanate from the constituents per se.
3D Suspended Polymeric Microfluidics (SPMF3) with Flow Orthogonal to Bending (FOB) for Fluid Analysis through Kinematic Viscosity
Authors: Marzban Mostapha , Packirisamy Muthukumaran , Dargahi Javad
Published: October 2017

Measuring of fluid properties such as dynamic viscosity and density has tremendous potential for various applications from physical to biological to chemical sensing. However, it is almost impossible to affect only one of these properties, as dynamic viscosity and density are coupled. Hence, this paper proposes kinematic viscosity as a comprehensive parameter which can be used to study the effect of fluid properties applicable to various fluids from Newtonian fluids, such as water, to non-Newtonian fluids, such as blood. This paper also proposes an ideal microplatform, namely polymeric suspended microfluidics (SPMF3), with flow plane orthogonal to the bending plane of the structure, along with tested results of various fluids covering a wide range of engineering applications. Kinematic viscosity, also called momentum diffusivity, considers changes in both fluid intermolecular forces and molecular inertia that define dynamic viscosity and fluid density, respectively. In this study a 3D suspended polymeric microfluidic system (SPMF3) was employed to detect changes in fluid parameters such as dynamic viscosity and density during fluid processes. Using this innovative design along with theoretical and experimental results, it is shown that, in fluids, the variations of fluid density and dynamic viscosity are not easily comprehensible due to their interconnectivity. Since any change in a fluid will affect both density and dynamic viscosity, measuring both of them is necessary to identify the fluid or process status. Finally, changes in fluid properties were analyzed using simulation and experiments. The experimental results with salt-DI water solution and milk with different fat concentrations as a colloidal fluid show that kinematic viscosity is a comprehensive parameter that can identify the fluids in a unique way using the proposed microplatform.
Towards an Alternate Evaluation of Moisture-Induced Damage of Bituminous Materials
Authors: Diab Aboelkasim , You Zhanping , Yang Xu , Mohd Hasan Mohd
Published: October 2017

Moisture-induced damage is widely known to cause multiple distresses that affect the durability of constructed pavements and eventually lead to the costly maintenance of pavement structures. The reliability and practicality of the assessment protocol to evaluate moisture susceptibility of flexible pavements presents a dilemma within the asphalt community that arises from the complexity and interrelation of moisture mechanisms in the asphalt–aggregate system. Researchers worldwide are continuously trying to develop suitable evaluation methods to simulate the combined destructive field-induced effects of moisture in the laboratory to help practitioners identify and alleviate this complex problem. The main objective of this article is to provide insights and highlight the challenges and opportunities of this important topic in order to extend and share knowledge towards finding a realistic assessment protocol of moisture damage in the laboratory. Two scenarios are proposed in this article: (1) a damage rate concept that accounts for the change of mechanical property (e.g., indirect tensile strength) with respect to the conditioning time, and (2) the establishment of a database using a surface free energy concept to help stakeholders select appropriate asphalt–aggregate combinations without the need to run additional moisture susceptibility tests.