bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential and Conditions for the Development of the Creative Sector in Warsaw
Authors: Dudek-Mańkowska Sylwia , Fuhrmann Magdalena , Grochowski Mirosław , Zegar Tomasz
Published: August 2012

Potential and Conditions for the Development of the Creative Sector in Warsaw

The creative sector has become an important source used to create competitive advantages of the cities. The importance of creative industries in urban development was spotted more than a decade ago. Creative capital is perceived as an impulse and engine of urban changes, a source of new advantages and attractions. Some point out that it mainly develops in big cities, where the authorities deliberately implement measures aimed at supporting and attracting creative entities. The purpose of this study is to present the condition of the creative sector in Warsaw and the way its functioning is perceived by its representatives. It also discusses the support of city authorities for the development of the creative sector.
The Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Quantitative Land Cover Change Analysis Basing on Historical Topographic Maps
Authors: Zachwatowicz Maria
Published: August 2012

The Potential of Fuzzy Logic for Quantitative Land Cover Change Analysis Basing on Historical Topographic Maps

This paper describes an approach that allows to reduce error propagation when comparing historical topographic maps. By linking the fuzzy set theory with simple map algebra and Kappa statistics, the uncertainty resulting from dissimilar quality of the maps can at least be partly eliminated and a distinction between ‘true’ and ‘false’ land cover changes can be made.
On Computational Power of Partially Blind Automata
Authors: Ďuriš Pavol
Published: August 2012

On Computational Power of Partially Blind Automata

In this paper we deal with 1-way multihead finite automata, in which the symbol under only one head (called read head) controls its move and other heads cannot distinguish the input symbols, they can only distinguish the end-marker from the other input symbols and they are called the blind head. We call such automaton a partially blind multihead automaton. We prove that partially blind k + 1-head finite automata are more powerful than such k-head finite automata. We show also that nondeterministic partially blind k-head finite automata languages are not closed under iteration and intersection for any k ≥ 2, and moreover, deterministic partially blind k head finite automata languages are not closed under intersection, union, complementation and reversal for any k ≥ 2. Finally we prove that deterministic partially blind k-head finite automata with endmarker are more powerful that such automata without endmarker for each k ≥ 4.
Minimize Traffic Congestion: An Application of Maximum Flow in Dynamic Networks
Authors: Kaanodiya K. , Rizwanullah Mohd
Published: August 2012

Minimize Traffic Congestion: An Application of Maximum Flow in Dynamic Networks

An important characteristic of a network is its capacity to carry flow. What, given capacities on the arcs, is the maximum flow that can be sent between any two nodes? The dynamic version of the maximum flow problem on networks that generalizes the well-known static one. This basic combinatorial optimization problem has a large implementation for many practical problems. Traffic congestion is a consequence of the nature of supply and demand: capacity is time consuming and costly to build and is fixed for long time periods, demand fluctuates over time, and transport services cannot be stored to smooth imbalances between capacity and demand. In this paper, I tried to solve the traffic congestion problem i.e. Maximum flow of goods in a dynamic network with the help of a Lingo Model. The same can be generalized for the large product if the software supports the systems.
Simulation Branching Processes by Mixing Distributions
Authors: Vajargah Behrouz , Moradi Mojtaba
Published: August 2012

Simulation Branching Processes by Mixing Distributions

The main aim of this paper is to study the behavior of mixed distributions in branching processes. We show that the mixed distribution cannot effect on the number of particles in thenthperiod and it must be ignored for further simulations.
The Academic Effects of Summer Instruction and Retention in New York City
Authors: Mariano Louis T. , Martorell Paco
Published: August 2012

This article examines the impacts of summer instruction and test-based grade retention in New York City. We use a research design that exploits test score cutoffs used in assignment to these treatments. We find modest positive effects of summer instruction on English language arts (ELA) achievement for students assigned to summer instruction because of poor ELA performance but find little evidence of positive effects of summer instruction on math outcomes. After netting out estimates of differential test score growth within grades across years, the estimated effects of grade retention are substantial and positive through seventh grade on both math and ELA outcomes, suggesting that the additional year of instruction in fifth grade leads to improvements in subsequent grade achievement.
Gamma Irradiation Induced Degradation of Orange Peels
Authors: Sánchez Orozco Raymundo , Balderas Hernández Patricia , Flores Ramírez Nelly , Roa Morales Gabriela , Saucedo Luna Jaime , Castro Montoya Agustín Jaime
Published: August 2012

In this study, gamma irradiation induced degradation of orange peels (OP) was investigated. The lignocellulosic biomass degradation was carried out at doses of 0 (control), 600, 1800 and 3500 kGy using a Co-60 gamma radiation source. The samples were tested for total and reducing sugars. The concentrations of total sugars ranged from 0.530 g∙g−1 in control sample to 0.382 g∙g−1 of dry weight in the sample which received the highest radiation dose. The reducing sugars content varying from 0.018 to 0.184 g∙g−1 of dry weight with the largest rise occurring in the sample irradiated at 3500 kGy. The concentrations of sucrose, glucose and fructose were determined. The changes generated in physico-chemical properties were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and termogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG). The results show that OP was affected, but not significantly, which suggests that lignocellulose and sugars profiles were partially degraded after gamma irradiation.
An Analysis of the Use of Biosludge as an Energy Source and Its Environmental Benefits in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Wen-Tien
Published: August 2012

The objective of this paper was to provide a preliminary analysis of energy utilization from biological wastewater treatment sludge (biosludge) in Taiwan, a densely populated country (estimate 640 persons/km2) with a high dependence (over 99%) on imported energy. The discussion focused on the status of biosludge generation and its management in the years 2004–2010. Findings showed that the main types of combustible waste (i.e., biosludge) produced by the industrial and agricultural sectors of Taiwan included food processing sludge, wine brewery sludge and agricultural sludge which may be reused as auxiliary fuel in the utilities (e.g., generator, boiler and incinerator). Furthermore, two conceptual biosludge-to-energy systems have been addressed with regard to the thermochemical conversion processes. One is to adopt direct combustion for power generation in the combined heat and power system. Another system uses pyrolysis and gasification for producing biochar (solid fuel), bio-oil (liquid fuel) and syngas (gas fuel). Based on their thermochemical properties and reported generation quantities, the energy potential and the environmental benefits of mitigating CO2 emissions were also analyzed in the study, showing around 1.1 × 103 TJ/year and 57 Gg CO2/year, respectively.
Context-Based Orchestration for Control of Resource-Efficient Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Loskyll Matthias , Heck Ines , Schlick Jochen , Schwarz Michael
Published: August 2012

The increasing competition between manufacturers, the shortening of innovation cycles and the growing importance of resource-efficient manufacturing demand a higher versatility of factory automation. Service-oriented approaches depict a promising possibility to realize new control architectures by encapsulating the functionality of mechatronic devices into services. An efficient discovery, context-based selection and dynamic orchestration of these services are the key features for the creation of highly adaptable manufacturing processes. We describe a semantic service discovery and ad-hoc orchestration system, which is able to react to new process variants and changed contextual information (e.g., failure of field devices, requirements on the consumption of resources). Because a standardized vocabulary, especially for the description of mechatronic functionalities, is still missing in the manufacturing domain, the semantic description of services, processes and manufacturing plants as well as the semantic interpretation of contextual information play an important part.
Leukemia and Benzene
Authors: Snyder Robert
Published: August 2012

Excessive exposure to benzene has been known for more than a century to damage the bone marrow resulting in decreases in the numbers of circulating blood cells, and ultimately, aplastic anemia. Of more recent vintage has been the appreciation that an alternative outcome of benzene exposure has been the development of one or more types of leukemia. While many investigators agree that the array of toxic metabolites, generated in the liver or in the bone marrow, can lead to traumatic bone marrow injury, the more subtle mechanisms leading to leukemia have yet to be critically dissected. This problem appears to have more general interest because of the recognition that so-called “second cancer” that results from prior treatment with alkylating agents to yield tumor remissions, often results in a type of leukemia reminiscent of benzene-induced leukemia. Furthermore, there is a growing literature attempting to characterize the fine structure of the marrow and the identification of so called “niches” that house a variety of stem cells and other types of cells. Some of these “niches” may harbor cells capable of initiating leukemias. The control of stem cell differentiation and proliferation via both inter- and intra-cellular signaling will ultimately determine the fate of these transformed stem cells. The ability of these cells to avoid checkpoints that would prevent them from contributing to the leukemogenic response is an additional area for study. Much of the study of benzene-induced bone marrow damage has concentrated on determining which of the benzene metabolites lead to leukemogenesis. The emphasis now should be directed to understanding how benzene metabolites alter bone marrow cell biology.
Cyclodextrin-Based [1]Rotaxanes on Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Liangliang , Yan Hong , Zhao Yanli
Published: August 2012

Transformation of mechanically interlocked molecules (e.g., rotaxanes and catenanes) into nanoscale materials or devices is an important step towards their real applications. In our current work, an azobenzene-modified β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative that can form a self-inclusion complex in aqueous solution was prepared. The self-included β-CD derivative was then functionalized onto a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) surface via a ligand-exchange reaction in aqueous solution, leading to the formation of AuNP-[1]rotaxane hybrids. Corresponding non-self-included β-CD derivative functionalized AuNPs were also developed in a DMF/H2O mixture solution for control experiments. These hybrids were fully characterized by UV-vis and circular dichroism spectroscopies, together with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The competitive binding behavior of the hybrids with an adamantane dimer was investigated.
Textural Evidence of Episodic Introduction of Metallic Nanoparticles into Bonanza Epithermal Ores
Authors: Saunders James A.
Published: August 2012

Tertiary low sulfidation (LS) epithermal deposits in the western USA often show evidence of the former presence of nanoparticle-sized precious-metal and silica phases in the highest grade (bonanza) ores. Here, nanoparticles are defined to have a size less than ~10−7 m. The ore-mineral textures that formed from aggregation of nanoparticles (or colloids) observed to date in these ores include electrum and naumannite (Ag2Se). Here it is proposed that chalcopyrite also forms nanoparticles in these ores, but sulfide nanoparticles apparently have significantly different physical (surface) properties than the precious-metal phases, and thus exhibit different mineral textures (e.g., no textural evidence of previous chalcopyrite nanoparticles). Textures described here show that nanoparticles of precious-metal phases and silica were episodically and often repeatedly deposited to form the banded bonanza veins typical of many western USA epithermal deposits. Chalcopyrite is the most abundant metal-sulfide mineral in these bonanza ores, and it was also deposited episodically as well, and it appears to replace earlier formed naumannite dendrites. However, this apparent “replacement” texture may just be the result of naumannite dendrite limbs trapping chalcopyrite nanoparticles that later recrystallized to the apparent replacement texture. The episodic and repetitive nature of the metal-depositing events may record periodic “degassing” of magma chambers at depth, where metals are repeatedly delivered to the shallow epithermal environment by “vapor-phase” metal (loid) transport.
Exposure to Anacardiaceae Volatile Oils and Their Constituents Induces Lipid Peroxidation within Food-Borne Bacteria Cells
Authors: Montanari Ricardo M. , Barbosa Luiz C. A. , Demuner Antonio J. , Silva Cleber J. , Andrade Nelio J. , Ismail Fyaz M. D. , Barbosa Maria C. A.
Published: August 2012

The chemical composition of the volatile oils from five Anacardiaceae species and their activities against Gram positive and negative bacteria were assessed. The peroxidative damage within bacterial cell membranes was determined through the breakdown product malondialdehyde (MDA). The major constituents in Anacardium humile leaves oil were (E)-caryophyllene (31.0%) and α-pinene (22.0%), and in Anacardium occidentale oil they were (E)-caryophyllene (15.4%) and germacrene-D (11.5%). Volatile oil from Astronium fraxinifolium leaves were dominated by (E)-β-ocimene (44.1%) and α-terpinolene (15.2%), whilst the oil from Myracrodruon urundeuva contained an abundance of δ-3-carene (78.8%). However, Schinus terebinthifolius leaves oil collected in March and July presented different chemical compositions. The oils from all species, except the one from A. occidentale, exhibited varying levels of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. Oil extracted in July from S. terebinthifolius was more active against all bacterial strains than the corresponding oil extracted in March. The high antibacterial activity of the M. urundeuva oil could be ascribed to its high δ-3-carene content. The amounts of MDA generated within bacterial cells indicate that the volatile oils induce lipid peroxidation. The results suggest that one putative mechanism of antibacterial action of these volatile oils is pro-oxidant damage within bacterial cell membrane explaining in part their preservative properties.
Passive Flora? Reconsidering Nature’s Agency through Human-Plant Studies (HPS)
Authors: Ryan John Charles
Published: August 2012

Plants have been—and, for reasons of human sustenance and creative inspiration, will continue to be—centrally important to societies globally. Yet, plants—including herbs, shrubs, and trees—are commonly characterized in Western thought as passive, sessile, and silent automatons lacking a brain, as accessories or backdrops to human affairs. Paradoxically, the qualities considered absent in plants are those employed by biologists to argue for intelligence in animals. Yet an emerging body of research in the sciences and humanities challenges animal-centred biases in determining consciousness, intelligence, volition, and complex communication capacities amongst living beings. In light of recent theoretical developments in our understandings of plants, this article proposes an interdisciplinary framework for researching flora: human-plant studies (HPS). Building upon the conceptual formations of the humanities, social sciences, and plant sciences as advanced by Val Plumwood, Deborah Bird Rose, Libby Robin, and most importantly Matthew Hall and Anthony Trewavas, as well as precedents in the emerging areas of human-animal studies (HAS), I will sketch the conceptual basis for the further consideration and exploration of this interdisciplinary framework.
Roles of ITPA and IL28B Genotypes in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Treated with Peginterferon Plus Ribavirin
Authors: Miyamura Tatsuo , Kanda Tatsuo , Nakamoto Shingo , Wu Shuang , Jiang Xia , Arai Makoto , Fujiwara Keiichi , Imazeki Fumio , Yokosuka Osamu
Published: August 2012

It has been reported that inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene variants protect against ribavirin-induced anemia in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. IL28B variants also influence the treatment response of peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment in these patients. In the present study, we examined how ITPA and IL28B genotypes have clinical impacts on treatment-induced hematotoxicities and treatment response in HCV-infected patients treated with peginterferon plus ribavirin. ITPA genotypes (rs1127354 and rs6051702) and IL28B genotype (rs8099917) were determined by TaqMan SNP assay. We compared clinical background, treatment course and treatment response in terms of these genotypes. Only IL28B rs8099917 major type could predict sustained virological response. ITPA rs1127354 major type leads to significantly greater ribavirin-induced anemia than ITPA rs1127354 minor type between days 0 and 84. We noticed that IL28B rs8099917 minor genotype was associated with higher reduction of neutrophils and platelets. ITPA rs1127354 is useful for the prediction of ribavirin-induced anemia in the early phase after the commencement of peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment and IL28B rs8099917 is useful for the prediction of sustained virological response. Use of the combination of these two genotypes could lead to safe and effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients.
Standardized Transportation of Human Islets: An Islet Cell Resource Center Study of more than 2,000 Shipments
Authors: Kaddis John S. , Hanson Matthew S. , Cravens James , Qian Dajun , Olack Barbara , Antler Martha , Papas Klearchos K. , Iglesias Itzia , Barbaro Barbara , Fernandez Luis , Powers Alvin C. , Niland Joyce C.
Published: August 2012

Preservation of cell quality during shipment of human pancreatic islets for use in laboratory research is a crucial, but neglected, topic. Mammalian cells, including islets, have been shown to be adversely affected by temperature changes in vitro and in vivo, yet protocols that control for thermal fluctuations during cell transport are lacking. To evaluate an optimal method of shipping human islets, an initial assessment of transportation conditions was conducted using standardized materials and operating procedures in 48 shipments sent to a central location by eight pancreas-processing laboratories using a single commercial airline transporter. Optimization of preliminary conditions was conducted, and human islet quality was then evaluated in 2,338 shipments pre- and postimplementation of a finalized transportation container and standard operating procedures. The initial assessment revealed that the outside temperature ranged from a mean of −4.6 ± 10.3°C to 20.9 ± 4.8°C. Within-container temperature drops to or below 15°C occurred in 16 shipments (36%), while the temperature was found to be stabilized between 15°C and 29°C in 29 shipments (64%). Implementation of an optimized transportation container and operating procedure reduced the number of within-container temperature drops (£15°C) to 13% ( n = 37 of 289 winter shipments), improved the number desirably maintained between 15°C and 29°C to 86% ( n = 250), but also increased the number reaching or exceeding 29°C to 1% ( n = 2; overall p < 0.0001). Additionally, postreceipt quality ratings of excellent to good improved pre- versus postimplantation of the standardized protocol, adjusting for preshipment purity/viability levels ( p < 0.0001). Our results show that extreme temperature fluctuations during transport of human islets, occurring when using a commercial airline transporter for long distance shipping, can be controlled using standardized containers, materials, and operating procedures. This cost-effective and pragmatic standardized protocol for the transportation of human islets can potentially be adapted for use with other mammalian cell systems and is available online at http://iidp.coh.org/sops.aspx .
A Population of Selected Renal Cells Augments Renal Function and Extends Survival in the ZSF1 Model of Progressive Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Kelley Rusty , Bruce Andrew , Spencer Tom , Werdin Eric , Ilagan Roger , Choudhury Sumana , Rivera Elias , Wallace Shay , Guthrie Kelly , Jayo Manuel , Xu Fengfeng , Rao Anjali N. , Humphreys Benjamin D. , Presnell Sharon , Bertram Tim
Published: August 2012

New treatment paradigms that slow or reverse progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are needed to relieve significant patient and healthcare burdens. We have shown that a population of selected renal cells (SRCs) stabilized disease progression in a mass reduction model of CKD. Here, we further define the cellular composition of SRCs and apply this novel therapeutic approach to the ZSF1 rat, a model of severe progressive nephropathy secondary to diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Injection of syngeneic SRCs into the ZSF1 renal cortex elicited a regenerative response that significantly improved survival and stabilized disease progression to renal structure and function beyond 1 year posttreatment. Functional improvements included normalization of multiple nephron structures and functions including glomerular filtration, tubular protein handling, electrolyte balance, and the ability to concentrate urine. Improvements to blood pressure, including reduced levels of circulating renin, were also observed. These functional improvements following SRC treatment were accompanied by significant reductions in glomerular sclerosis, tubular degeneration, and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Collectively, these data support the utility of a novel renal cell-based approach for slowing renal disease progression associated with diabetic nephropathy in the setting of metabolic syndrome, one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease.
Intra-articular Delivery of Purified Mesenchymal Stem Cells from C57BL/6 or MRL/MpJ Superhealer Mice Prevents Posttraumatic Arthritis
Authors: Diekman Brian O. , Wu Chia-Lung , Louer Craig R. , Furman Bridgette D. , Huebner Janet L. , Kraus Virginia B. , Olson Steven A. , Guilak Farshid
Published: August 2012

Joint injury dramatically enhances the onset of osteoarthritis (OA) and is responsible for an estimated 12% of OA. Posttraumatic arthritis (PTA) is especially common after intra-articular fracture, and no disease-modifying therapies are currently available. We hypothesized that the delivery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) would prevent PTA by altering the balance of inflammation and regeneration after fracture of the mouse knee. Additionally, we examined the hypothesis that MSCs from the MRL/MpJ (MRL) “superhealer” mouse strain would show increased multilineage and therapeutic potentials as compared to those from C57BL/6 (B6) mice, as MRL mice have shown exceptional in vivo regenerative abilities. A highly purified population of MSCs was prospectively isolated from bone marrow using cell surface markers (CD45-/TER119-/PDGFRa+/Sca-1+). B6 MSCs expanded greater than 100,000-fold in 3 weeks when cultured at 2% oxygen and displayed greater adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation as compared to MRL MSCs. Mice receiving only a control saline injection after fracture demonstrated PTA after 8 weeks, but the delivery of 10,000 B6 or MRL MSCs to the joint prevented the development of PTA. Cytokine levels in serum and synovial fluid were affected by treatment with stem cells, including elevated systemic interleukin-10 at several time points. The delivery of MSCs did not reduce the degree of synovial inflammation but did show increased bone volume during repair. This study provides evidence that intra-articular stem cell therapy can prevent the development of PTA after fracture and has implications for possible clinical interventions after joint injury before evidence of significant OA.
La relation dans tous ses états. Les objets flottants comme révélateurs de complexité et facteurs de changement
Authors: Caillé Philippe
Published: August 2012

La relation humaine qui se veut pérenne exige que ses participants sortent du cycle du troc pour entrer dans celui du don. Ce changement fondamental implique que, lorsqu’on croit donner à l’autre ou aux autres, on donne en fait à la relation, à sa structure autoréférentielle qu’on appellera le « tiers » de la relation ou son « absolu relationnel ». De ce fait, la demande d’aide est généralement conditionnée par la perte de contact des intéressés avec le « tiers » qui fondait leur relation, les reconduisant à une situation de troc précaire et chargée de conflits. Pour répondre au besoin du système demandeur de retrouver un « tiers » fiable et évolutif, l’intervenant devra respecter l’intégrité du système demandeur en créant rapidement l’espace de travail partagé qu’est l’« espace intermédiaire » et en tentant d’entraîner le système demandeur à une découverte de son « tiers » par l’usage des « objets flottants », révélateurs de complexité relationnelle. Cette expérience amènera le système demandeur de retrouver un « tiers » authentique et par là même une nouvelle autonomie, mettant ainsi fin à la mission de l’intervenant.
Thérapie de couple et objets flottants
Authors: Rey Yveline
Published: August 2012

En thérapie de couple, deux moments sont particulièrement délicats et sensibles : celui de la rencontre et celui de la séparation. L’auteur propose d’aborder plus précisément ces deux étapes à travers la modélisation des objets flottants. Les techniques les plus adaptées comme le panier à problèmes, le blason puis le conte systémique seront illustrées par des situations cliniques qui donnent un nouvel éclairage, aussi bien de la relation de couple que de la relation avec les couples ; elles mettent également en évidence la pertinence et l’élégance de ces méthodes d’entretien systémique dans la rencontre thérapeutique.
Croisements
Authors: Mugnier Jean-Paul
Published: August 2012

Dans cet article, l’auteur propose que certains outils, objets flottants, comme le jeu de l’oie auxquels les thérapeutes ont éventuellement recours dans leurs prises en charges, ne puissent se substituer au travail d’hypothétisation nécessaire à la mise en récit de l’histoire qui leur est racontée. La présentation d’une thérapie illustre cette réflexion.
De la chaise à la métaphore, de la métaphore à...
Authors: Goldbeter-Merinfeld Édith
Published: August 2012

L’auteur propose de discuter, à partir de quelques exemples, de la notion d’outils métaphoriques construits dans le cadre thérapeutique. Quelles sont les limites entre l’image véhiculée ouvertement par la métaphore censée n’être qu’une transposition du réel, et l’expérience émotionnelle vraie qu’elle induit ?
L'utilisation des métaphores dans la rencontre thérapeutique, en thérapie individuelle et en thérapie de couples
Authors: Labaki Camille
Published: August 2012

Dans cet article, l’auteur propose des exemples cliniques illustrant la richesse de l’utilisation des métaphores en psychothérapie.
Les résonances picturales
Authors: Elkaïm Mony
Published: August 2012

L’auteur présente un outil – les résonances picturales – et illustre par des exemples les ressources que le dessin inspiré d’une situation clinique difficile peut offrir en supervision. Ce nouvel outil s’appuie sur les notions de résonance et de singularité qu’il a développées antérieurement.
Trois outils thérapeutiques : le thérapeute, le style et l'évaluation
Authors: Defilippi Pier Giuseppe
Published: August 2012

L’auteur aborde la manière de former des thérapeutes en insistant sur le fait que le premier outil du thérapeute est sa propre personne et l’écoute de ses vécus. Il insiste aussi sur l’importance du style de l’intervenant dans l’établissement de la relation thérapeutique et il conclut sur la nécessité d’inclure l’évaluation dans le décours thérapeutique.
La « Carte géo-affective » et l'évaluation en « Trio ». Outils inspirés du psychodrame en formation systémique
Authors: Barreau Catherine , Filleul Bernard , Nève-Hanquet Chantal
Published: August 2012

Cet article présente deux « outils » qui s’apparentent au psychodrame, soit par des approches spécifiques (doublage), soit par l’engagement corporel. La « Carte géo-affective » peut être utilisée comme exercice de mise en train et favorise la présentation entre les membres d’un groupe avec créativité et spontanéité. Elle révèle les appartenances multiples et les définitions relationnelles qui existent entre les membres du groupe. Le dispositif du « Trio » est proposé pour une évaluation formative et se construit sur trois rôles : le « Donneur », le « Receveur » et le « Doubleur ». Il favorise l’engagement personnel des étudiants qui seront alors les acteurs d’une évaluation qualitative. La mise en jeu, l’aspect ludique des deux exercices présentés activent l’audace et la créativité dont feront preuve les futurs thérapeutes.
Cibler l'accompagnement de la parentalité avec le MOSIPE, Modèle d'Observation Systémique des Interactions Parents-Enfants
Authors: Bopp-Limoge Christiane
Published: August 2012

Cet article décrit le MOSIPE, Modèle d’Observation Systémique des Interactions Parents-Enfants, conçu pour flexibiliser les systèmes familiaux ; il facilite la traversée des cycles de vie, et prévient l’enlisement des crises grâce à trois items transversaux : l’existence de Plaisir partagé dans les relations entre les membres du système, qui dynamise la cohésion du système tout en lui procurant de la flexibilité ; la possibilité de recevoir de l’Estime de soi dans ces relations, ce qui permet d’une part de se différencier de l’autre, et en même temps d’accepter que l’autre se différencie par rapport à soi sans se sentir en danger ; la capacité de percevoir et tenir compte des Besoins de l’autre, qui atteste à la fois des capacités de différenciation des membres du système, et de leur solidarité. Ce modèle peut être également utilisé pour flexibiliser d’autres systèmes humains.
L'âge virtuel de compétence
Authors: Berlioz-Ruffiot Anne
Published: August 2012

L’« âge virtuel de compétence » est un outil métaphorique élaboré dans le but de faciliter le travail avec l’enfant en difficulté à l’école et sa famille. Lorsqu’une tâche est prescrite à l’enfant, elle donne lieu à un recueil d’informations sur la façon dont il s’en acquitte (sourires, grimaces, nombre de réussites...). On peut alors calculer l’âge virtuel de l’enfant par rapport à cette compétence, qui consiste à lui attribuer un pourcentage de son âge réel correspondant au pourcentage de réussite ou de réalisation de la-dite tâche. Cet outil présente deux avantages : il permet un feed-back clair et immédiatement appréhendable par les enfants comme par leurs parents et il constitue, à lui seul, un recadrage efficace de la difficulté de l’enfant comme une étape du « grandir ».
Le blason fraternel : un outil pour découvrir et explorer le lien de fratrie et son évolution dans l'histoire de la famille
Authors: Duret Isabelle , Brancart Cyrielle
Published: August 2012

Dans le cadre d’un mémoire de recherche en psychologie clinique, nous nous sommes inspirées du blason familial de Caillé et Rey, pour explorer ce qui relie les membres d’une même fratrie dans leur culture d’appartenance. Le blason fraternel consiste à faire dessiner par la fratrie un blason qui illustre ses valeurs premières. Une devise chapeaute quatre cases, celles du présent, du passé, de l’avenir, complétées par le dessin d’un objet emblématique de la fratrie. Nous montrons comment cet outil permet à la fois la mise en lumière du mythe fraternel et la manière dont celui-ci se déploie et évolue dans l’histoire intergénérationnelle de la famille. Il est donc un outil remarquable pour travailler les ressources de la fratrie mais aussi celles de la famille à travers le prisme du sous-système fraternel.
Internet-based Robot-supported RF and Wireless Laboratory for Engineering Education
Authors: Maiti Ananda , Mahata Subhasis
Published: August 2012

The rapid growth of modern Radio Frequency (RF) and wireless communication systems requires experienced professionals in the RF and wireless areas. In the curriculum of engineering education, university departments are introducing courses on high frequency telecommunication or radio communication related courses to equip students for the needs of industry. Effective learning in education can only be achieved by combining theoretical course with the corresponding laboratory. Distant access of robot-supported laboratories through the Internet is an important and new issue in distance education. This study is an application of new technologies for active learning methodologies, in order to increase both the self-learning and comprehension of the students. This study aims to find out requirements and needs to be fulfilled in developing a robot-supported remote-controlled RF and wireless laboratory. Development and implementation of a robot-operated internet-based RF and wireless laboratory is described in detail.
Embedding ICT in Real-time Measurements for Versatile Applications in Modern Life Sciences Education
Authors: Guedens Wanda Julienne , Reynders Monique , Stulens Koen
Published: August 2012

Involving undergraduates and high school students to play a more active role in science lessons has been an objective in many educational research programmes. ICT is a perfect tool to meet this goal. Particularly, in this paper the processing of experimental biochemical
Development of the Virtual Lab Module for Understanding the Concepts of Electric and Magnetic Field Patterns in Rectangular Waveguides and Cavities
Authors: Gupta Tannu , Madhuri A Sudha , Prachi Prachi , Akhtar M Jaleel , Srivastava K Vaibhav
Published: August 2012

A LabVIEW based general purpose module to understand and visualize the electromagnetic field patterns inside the commonly used microwave devices is developed. The module provides both the electric and magnetic field patterns for any arbitrary mode configuration inside the rectangular waveguide and the cavity, which are the microwave devices mostly being taught at the undergraduate levels in the electrical engineering. The developed module helps the user in gaining a better and deeper understanding of the electric and magnetic field patterns and modes inside the guiding and closed structures.
A Sequential Logic iLab Utilizing NI ELVIS II+ and the Interactive iLab Architecture
Authors: Mwikirize Cosmas
Published: August 2012

Recent trends in development and utilization of online laboratories have resulted into standard platforms that are not lab-specific, which can be leveraged to develop laboratories in diverse fields. One such platform is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) interactive iLab Shared Architecture. This paper presents work undertaken at Makerere University to develop a synchronous sequential logic iLab based on this architecture. The research was carried out by a Graduate researcher, under joint supervision in the confines of the iLab Africa Graduate Fellowship Programme. The research builds on previous work undertaken by the same researcher, in which a combinational digital logic iLab was developed. The sequential logic iLab utilizes the National Instruments Educational Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Suite (NI ELVIS II+) hardware, with its interactive user interface developed using the Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW). The generic platform supports experiments in the fields of counters, shift registers, frequency dividers and digital clocks, with appropriate electronic component selection and configuration. The design methodologies and implementation strategies for each experiment category are presented as well as the respective test runs. The laboratory has been used to support courses in the curricula of the Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) in Computer, Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering Programmes at Makerere University.
Implementation of Autotuning in Interacting Tanks to Emulate a Bioreactor
Authors: Nippert Charles , Veigne Sorelle , Voelker Steven , Owens Charles
Published: August 2012

The set of two interacting tanks in the Chemical Engineering Lab is a prototype process that can be used to test novel and interesting control schemes. For this project a process that can be represented as a form of an either first order plus dead time (FOPDT) or a second order plus dead time (SOPDT) is tuned using a self-tuning algorithm, with Deadtime added to the control scheme to allow the simulation of a bioreactor. The algorithm uses an intelligent form of a PID controller that determines the tuning settings; thereby eliminating the need for the manually setting of the classical PID controller settings. Because there are a myriad of tuning algorithms, we followed the suggestion of Luyben (1) to provide 3 user selectable tuning settings that the user could choose from â??on the flyâ?. These PI settings are calculated using three distinct methods; Ziegler Nichols (ZN), Tyreus Luyben (TL) and IMC methods. The auto-tuning algorithm and deadtime loop were designed, and the PLC and relay feedback tests were conducted to validate that the set up worked properly. An auto-tuning relay feedback algorithm implemented and system parameters values calculated. The algorithm was successfully able to maintain control during upsets.
Shp2 Plays an Important Role in Acute Cigarette Smoke-Mediated Lung Inflammation
Authors: Li Fen-fen , Shen Jian , Shen Hui-juan , Zhang Xue , Cao Rui , Zhang Yun , Qui Qiu , Lin Xi-xi , Xie Yi-cheng , Zhang Lin-hui , Jia Yong-liang , Dong Xin-wei , Jiang Jun-xia , Bao Meng-jing , Zhang Shanshan , Ma Wen-jiang , Wu Xi-mei , Shen Huahao , Xie Qiang-min , Ke Yuehai
Published: August 2012

Cigarette smoke (CS), the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, contains a variety of oxidative components that were implicated in the regulation of Src homology domain 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (Shp2) activity. However, the contribution of Shp2 enzyme to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of Shp2 enzyme in blockading CS-induced pulmonary inflammation. Shp2 levels were assessed in vivo and in vitro. Mice (C57BL/6) or pulmonary epithelial cells (NCI-H292) were exposed to CS or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to induce acute injury and inflammation. Lungs of smoking mice showed increased levels of Shp2, compared with those of controls. Treatment of lung epithelial cells with CSE showed elevated levels of Shp2 associated with the increased release of IL-8. Selective inhibition or knockdown of Shp2 resulted in decreased IL-8 release in response to CSE treatment in pulmonary epithelial cells. In comparison with CS-exposed wild-type mice, selective inhibition or conditional knockout of Shp2 in lung epithelia reduced IL-8 release and pulmonary inflammation in CS-exposed mice. In vitro biochemical data correlate CSE-mediated IL-8 release with Shp2-regulated epidermal growth factor receptor/Grb-2–associated binders/MAPK signaling. Our data suggest an important role for Shp2 in the pathological alteration associated with CS-mediated inflammation. Shp2 may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention for inflammation in CS-induced pulmonary diseases.
Antitumor potential of Citrus limetta fruit peel in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing Swiss albino mice
Authors: Kundusen Sriparna , Bala Asis , Kar Biswakanth , Bhattacharya Sanjib , Mazumder Upal K. , Gupta Malaya , Haldar Pallab K.
Published: August 2012

Citrus limetta Risso (Rutaceae), commonly known as sweet lime in English and Mousambi in India, has been traditionally used for several medicinal purposes. This study explored the relationship between Citrus limetta fruit peel and its antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice. The antitumor activity of methanol extract of peel of Citrus limetta fruits (MECL) was evaluated against EAC cell line in Swiss albino mice. Twenty-four hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of tumor EAC cells in mice, MECL was administered at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight i.p. daily for nine consecutive days. On the 10th day, half of the mice were sacrificed for the estimation of tumor growth (tumor volume, viable and non-viable tumor cell counts), and hematologic parameters (red blood cells, white blood cells and hemoglobin). The rest were kept alive for assessment of survival parameters, i.e. median survival time and percentage increase in life span of EAC bearing mice. Intraperitoneal administration of MECL at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for nine days to the carcinoma induced mice demonstrated a significant (P<0.001) decrease in tumor volume, viable tumor cell count, tumor weight and a significant (P<0.001) improvement in hematological parameters and life span as compared to the EAC control mice. The present study establishes marked and dose dependant anti-tumor effect of C. limetta fruit peel against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing Swiss mice.
Review of Genetic Association in the SOD2 Gene with Chronic Kidney Disease: Case-Control Studies and Meta-Analysis Confirm Association with Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: McKnight Amy Jayne , Patterson Christopher C. , Mollsten Anna , Vance Dwaine R. , Tarnow Lise , Maxwell Alexander P.
Published: August 2012

The SOD2 gene encodes a mitochondrial protein that is involved with response to oxidative stress and cellular proliferation. The diabetic milieu, in particular hyperglycemia, results in the overproduction of superoxide and formation of secondary reactive oxygen species contributing to the accumulation of DNA, protein and cellular damage. Functional genetic variants within the SOD2 gene are postulated to influence renal injury. We sought to resolve the inconsistent conclusions of several studies examining the SOD2 gene for association with chronic kidney disease, in particular diabetic nephropathy. We genotyped a total of 3,913 individuals with diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis and/or end-stage renal disease, reviewed published literature, and conducted a subsequent meta-analysis. Using χ2 test, our independent case-control study for diabetic nephropathy revealed evidence for association of rs4880 (P=0.01). However, this was ameliorated by adjusting for age at diagnosis, duration, sex and recruitment centre in the logistical model. Genotype counts were obtained for all published studies having genotyped this SNP and a meta-analysis was performed on a total of 3,949 individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (cases n=2,184; controls, n=1,765). No significant heterogeneity was observed (P=0.5) and association with diabetic nephropathy was supported by P=0.005 (odds ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.79–0.96). There is biological evidence that this amino-acid changing SNP, rs4880, directly influences enzymatic activity of the SOD2 gene product. We conclude that the functional, clinically associated rs4880 is important in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Pathophysiology of Nephrolithiasis
Authors: Paliouras Christos , Tsampikaki Eirini , Alivanis Polichronis , Aperis Georgios
Published: August 2012

The incidence of nephrolithiasis has risen over the last twenty years and continues to rise. Although it is often referred to as a disease, recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology suggest that it is a systemic disorder. We conducted a PubMed based literature review on the recent advances in the pathophysiology of kidney stone formation. There is a link between diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance and nephrolithiasis. Along with the aging population and a Western diet, these are the main reasons for the rising incidence and prevalence of nephrolithiasis. Different theories as to the pathophysiological mechanisms of lithogenesis have been proposed, including the free and fixed particle theories, and Randal's plaque hypothesis. Among the different types of kidney stones, those containing calcium are the most common, followed by those containing uric acid, struvite and cystine. Supersaturated urine, acidic urine pH and reductions in kidney stone inhibitors in the urine are the main recognized causes that contribute to the formation of all these stone-types. Nephrolithiasis is considered a systemic pathology that may lead to end-stage renal disease. Although much progress has been made, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of kidney stone formation are still not fully understood.
An Ileal Neobladder Urinary Leak Mimicking Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Liangos Orfeas , Aljohani Khalid M. , Faiz Atika , Jaber Bertrand L.
Published: August 2012

Urinary leak is a known postoperative complication, occurring usually within the first months after surgical creation of an ileal neobladder following cystectomy. We describe the case of a 54-year old man who, ten years after creation of a continent and fully functioning ileal neobladder, presented with abdominal pain and dysuria. This was associated with nephrotic range proteinuria, microscopic hematuria and a rapid rise in serum creatinine, mimicking a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Following an extensive nephrological workup, including a kidney biopsy that yielded normal results, urological evaluation including a pouchogram was performed revealing an ileal neobladder urinary leak. It was postulated that a urinary tract infection must have caused the clinical symptoms, the proteinuria and hematuria and the urinary leak caused acute renal failure with reabsorption of retention solutes via the peritoneal cavity. The case is discussed and the available literature, with special focus on late ileal neobladder urinary leaks, is critically reviewed. We can conclude that there is little information on characteristic urinalysis findings, particularly proteinuria, from patients with an ileal neobladder in healthy and disease states such as urinary tract infection.
Current therapy and recent advances in the management of retinoblastoma
Authors: Meel Rachna , Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Bakhshi Sameer
Published: August 2012

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in children. The survival of retinoblastoma patients and visual outcome has improved dramatically in the developed world. This can be attributed to early tumor recognition and advances in the management of retinoblastoma. Chemoreduction followed by adjuvant consolidative treatment has replaced external beam radiotherapy as the primary modality of treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma. Further, histopathological high-risk factors have been identified in enucleated eyes, allowing use of prophylactic chemotherapy to take care of possible micrometastasis. The survival in case of extraocular retinoblastoma is still low, and the reported survival rate ranges between 50% and 70%. In developing countries, the overall survival of retinoblastoma patients remains low, primarily due to a delayed presentation, resulting in larger proportions of extraocular disease compared with the developed world, where majority of the disease is intraocular. Greater efforts need to be directed toward early tumor recognition in order to improve the survival of retinoblastoma patients in the developing world. In this article, we provide an overview of the current clinical management of retinoblastoma.