bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Driving Model of Three Phase, Two Level Inverter by (Method of Interconnected Subsystem)
Authors: Ali Mohammed
Published: March 2020

In this paper describe to mathematical analysis for a three-phase, two level inverter designs. As we know the power electronic devices (inverter) to convert the DC power to AC power (controller on output voltage and frequency level). In Industrial applications, the inverters are used for adjustable speed (AC Drives). In this paper, the mathematical analyses for inverter design are done by using Software packages C++ Builder and visual C++
Language. For non- linear distortions described by the load power factor in power system networks. The P.F is reverse proportional with the harmonics distortion. Small P.F means much more of harmonic distortion, and lower power quality for consumers. to improve the P.F, and power quality in this paper the small capacitor installed as part of the rectified the load current has power (30 KW with P.F load 0.8), the fluctuations of the rectified voltage must not greater than +/- 10%.The power factor proportion of the load power, with Modulation coefficient p.u approximately unity. The calculation is achieved with different integrations steps with load power 30KW, 0.8 P.F. all results done Based on model and experimental data.
Design and Implementation of RFID Active Tags and Mutual Authentication Protocol with Ownership Transfer Stage
Authors: Hussein Issam , Ali Ramzy , Jasim Basil
Published: March 2020

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is being used widely in the last few years. Its applications classifies into auto identification and data capturing issues. The purpose of this paper is to design and implement RFID active tags and reader using microcontroller ATmega328 and 433 MHz RF links. The paper also includes a proposed mutual authentication protocol between RFID reader and active tags with ownership transfer stage. Our protocol is a mutual authentication protocol with tag’s identifier updating mechanism. The updating mechanism has the purpose of providing forward security which is important in any authentication protocol to prevent the attackers from tracking the past transactions of the compromised tags. The proposed protocol gives the privacy and security against all famous attacks that RFID system subjected for due to the transfer of data through unsecure wireless channel, such as replay, denial of service, tracking and cloning attacks. It also ensures ownership privacy when the ownership of the tag moves to a new owner.
Neural Network-Based Adaptive Control of Robotic Manipulator: Application to a Three Links Cylindrical Robot
Authors: AL-Hussein Abdul-Basset
Published: March 2020

A composite PD and sliding mode neural network (NN)-based adaptive controller, for robotic manipulator trajectory tracking, is presented in this paper. The designed neural networks are exploited to approximate the robotics dynamics nonlinearities, and compensate its effect and this will enhance the performance of the filtered error based PD and sliding mode controller. Lyapunov theorem has been used to prove the stability of the system and the tracking error boundedness. The augmented Lyapunov function is used to derive the NN weights learning law. To reduce the effect of breaching the NN learning law excitation condition due to external disturbances and measurement noise; a modified learning law is suggested based on e-modification algorithm. The controller effectiveness is demonstrated through computer simulation of cylindrical robot manipulator.
Voltage Collapse Optimization for the Iraqi Extra High Voltage 400 kV Grid based on Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Saeed Wafaa , Tawfeeq Layth
Published: March 2020

The continuously ever-growing demand for the electrical power causing the continuous expansion and complexity of power systems, environmental and economic factors forcing the system to work near the critical limits of stability, so research's stability have become research areas worthy of attention in the resent day.

The present work includes two phases: The first one is to determine the Voltage Stability Index for the more insensitive load bus to the voltage collapse in an interconnected power system using fast analyzed method based on separate voltage and current for PQ buses from these of PV buses, while the second phase is to suggested a simulated optimization technique for optimal voltage stability profile all around the power system. The optimization technique is used to adjust the control variables elements: Generator voltage magnitude, active power of PV buses, VAR of shunt capacitor banks and the position of transformers tap with satisfied the limit of the state variables (load voltages, generator reactive power and the active power of the slack bus).
These control variables are main effect on the voltage stability profile to reach the peak prospect voltage stable loading with acceptable voltage profile. An optimized voltage collapse based on Particle Swarm Optimization has been tested on both of the IEEE 6 bus system and the Iraqi Extra High Voltage 400 kV Grid 28 bus. To ensure the effectiveness of the optimization technique a comparison between the stability indexes for load buses before and after technical application are presented. Simulation results have been executed using Matlab software.
Modeling and Control of Torso Compass Gait Biped Robot with AI Controller
Authors: Miry Abbas
Published: March 2020

This work presents the mathematical model for a torso compass gait biped robot with three degrees of freedom (DOF) which is comprised of two legs and torso. Euler Lagrange method's is used to drive the dynamic equation of robot with computed control is used as a controller. The relative angles are used to simplify the robot equation and get the symmetry of the matrix. Convention controller uses critical sampling to find the value of KP and Kv in computed controller, in this paper the Genetic optimization method is used to find the optimal value of KP and Kv with suitable objective function which employ the error and overshoot to make the biped motion smooth as possible. To investigate the work of robot a Matlab 2013b is used and the result show success of modeling.
Survey: Internet of Thing Using FPGA
Authors: Jumaa Noor
Published: March 2020

Everything in its way to be computerized and most of the objects are coming to be smart in present days. Modern Internet of Thing (IoT) allows these objects to be on the network by using IoT platforms. IoT is a smart information society that consists of smart devices; these devices can communicate with each other without human's intervention. IoT systems require flexible platforms. Through the use of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), IoT devices can interface with the outside world easily with low power consumption, low latency, and best determinism. FPGAs provide System on Chip (SoC) technique due to FPGAs scalability which enables the designer to implement and integrate large number of hardware clocks at single chip. FPGA can be deemed as a special purpose reprogrammable processor since it can process signals at its input pins, manipulate them, and give off signals on the output pins. In this paper, using FPGA for IoT is the limelight.
Real Time Sticky Bomb Detection System Based on Compass Device and Arduino Board
Authors: Majeed Sameer , Jumaa Noor , Mohamad Auday
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a new strategy of sticky bomb detection. The detection strategy is based on measuring the magnetic field around the targeted car using compass device. A compass measure the earth gravitation of the car as (x,y,z) coordination , a threshold value of magnetic fields around the targeted car are recorded. If a difference is detected with any (x,y,z) coordination, an alert SMS message is sent to the car's owner. The detection system presented in this paper has been implemented based on Arduino board. The alarm signal is a Short Message Service (SMS) through Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) module. The proposed method can gives the people of unstable countries a chance to discover whether their cars have been trapped with an IED bomb or their car still safe.
Effect of Temperature Variations on Strain Response of Polymer Bragg Grating Optical Fibers
Authors: Hisham Hisham
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a numerical analysis for the effect of temperature variations on the strain response of polymer optical fiber (POF) Bragg gratings. Results show that the dependence of the Bragg wavelength (λB) upon strain and temperature variations for the POF Bragg gratings is lies within the range of 0.462 – 0.470 fm με-1 °C-1 compare with 0.14 – 0.15 fm με-1 °C-1 for the SOFs Bragg gratings. Also, results show that the strain response for the POF Bragg gratings changed on average by 1.034 ± 0.02fm με- 1°C-1 and on average by 0.36 ± 0.03fm με-1°C-1 for the silica optical fiber (SOF) Bragg gratings. The obtained results are very important for strain sensor applications especially in the environments where the temperature change.
Combined Neural Network and PD Adaptive Tracking Controller for Ship Steering System
Authors: Al- Hussein Abdul-Basset
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a combined RBF neural network sliding mode control and PD adaptive tracking controller is proposed for controlling the directional heading course of a ship. Due to the high nonlinearity and uncertainty of the ship dynamics as well as the effect of wave disturbances a performance evaluation and ship controller design is stay difficult task. The Neural network used for adaptively learn the uncertain dynamics bounds of the ship and their output used as part of the control law moreover the PD term is used to reduce the effect of the approximation error inherited in the RBF networks. The stability of the system with the combined control law guaranteed through Lyapunov analysis. Numeric simulation results confirm the proposed controller provide good system stability and convergence.
Hover Control for Helicopter Using Neural Network-Based Model Reference Adaptive Controller
Authors: Al- Hussein Abdul-Basset
Published: March 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), have enormous important application in many fields. Quanser three degree of freedom (3-DOF) helicopter is a benchmark laboratory model for testing and validating the validity of various flight control algorithms. The elevation control of a 3-DOF helicopter is a complex task due to system nonlinearity, uncertainty and strong coupling dynamical model. In this paper, an RBF neural network model reference adaptive controller has been used, employing the grate approximation capability of the neural network to match the unknown and nonlinearity in order to build a strong MRAC adaptive control algorithm. The control law and stable neural network updating law are determined using Lyapunov theory.
Comparison between clinical estimated fetal weights (CEFW) Versus Ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight (UEFW) for co-relation with actual birth weight (ABW) in 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Razaq Rabia
Published: March 2020

Background: Accurate prenatal estimation of birth weight is useful in the management of labour and delivery.
Objective: To determine the correlation between clinical estimated fetal weight with actual birth weight in 3rd trimester of pregnancy and to determine the correlation between Ultrasonographic fetal weight assessment with actual birth weight in 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
Material & Methods: This cross sectional study with non-probability purposive sampling technique was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals of Punjab, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, Lady Aitcheson Hospital Lahore and Lady Willington Hospital Lahore. Informed consent was obtained from each female to use their data for research purpose. Demographic details were also noted. Then females undergo CEFW was done by using Johnson’s formula. Then ultrasonography was done on every female by experienced radiologists to get UEFW. FW measurement was done by using Shepard formula. Then females were followed-up till delivery of fetus. Actual birth weight (ABW) was noted on birth. Pearson correlation was used to measure the correlation coefficient for CEFW and UEFW with ABW. P-value?0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: In our study the mean age of the patients was 29.60±6.23 years and the mean gestational age of 33.30±2.31 weeks. The mean BMI value of the patients was 23.08±1.26 Kg/m2, the mean CEFW value 2219.60±556.41 grams while the mean UEFW value of the patients was 2227.77±521.94 grams and the mean value of ABW of the patients was 2284.00±515.29 grams. In our study the positive correlation was found between the CEFW, UEFW with ABW of the baby.
Conclusion: Our study results concluded that both the clinical estimation ultrasonography estimation showed the feasible and reliable results. Both showed positive correlation with actual birth weight.
Water: The Elixir of Life
Authors: Aslamkhan Muhammad
Published: March 2020

Water is a chemical compound made up of two elements, Hydrogen gas, which is combustible and Oxygen gas, which causes to burn. But the union of two atoms of Hydrogen and one atom of Oxygen results in a colourless and odourless liquid, known as water, which extinguish fire.
As COVID-19 cases, deaths and fatality rates surge in Italy, underlying causes require investigation
Authors: Rubino Salvatore , Kelvin Nikki , Bermejo-Martin Jesús F , Kelvin David
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 case fatalities surged during the month of March 2020 in Italy, reaching over 10,000 by 28 March 2020. This number exceeds the number of fatalities in China (3,301) recorded from January to March, even though the number of diagnosed cases was similar (85,000 Italy vs. 80,000 China). Case Fatality Rates (CFR) could be somewhat unreliable because the estimation of total case numbers is limited by several factors, including insufficient testing and limitations in test kits and materials, such as NP swabs and PPE for testers. Sero prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may help in more accurate estimations of the total number of cases. Nevertheless, the disparity in the differences in the total number of fatalities between Italy and China suggests investigation into several factors, such as demographics, sociological interactions, availability of medical equipment (ICU beds and PPE), variants in immune proteins (e.g., HLA, IFNs), past immunity to related CoVs, and mutations in SARS-CoV-2, could impact survival of severe COVID-19 illness survival and the number of case fatalities.
Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Solid Dispersion of Irbesartan with Poloxamer 188
Authors: Harmely Fifi , Umar Salman , Aldi Yufri , Nasrul Ellyza , Zaini Erizal
Published: March 2020

AIM: The aim of the present study was to prepare and characterize the solid dispersion of poorly soluble drugs irbesartan with hydrophilic polymer poloxamer 188 by solvent co-evaporation technique.
METHODS: The ratio of irbesartan to poloxamer 188 in solid dispersion system was 1:0.5; 1:1; and 1:3. Physicochemical properties characterization was analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vitro dissolution rate profile of solid dispersion was performed by Type II United States Pharmacopeia dissolution testing apparatus.
RESULTS: The results of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern showed that the degree of crystallinity of irbesartan crystalline phase reduced in a solid dispersion system. FT-IR spectra indicate that there is no chemical interaction between irbesartan and poloxamer 188 in a solid dispersion system. SEM microscopy demonstrated a homogenous phase of a solid dispersion system with distinct crystal habit. In general, in vitro dissolution rate of all solid dispersions was higher than intact irbesartan. The highest percentage of dissolved irbesartan was the solid dispersion of irbesartan-poloxamer 188 (1:0.5 w/w).
CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes that the solid dispersion can be applied to improve the dissolution rate of irbesartan.
Effect of Disease Activity on Organ Damage Progression in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: University of Toronto Lupus Clinic Cohort
Authors: Urowitz Murray B. , Gladman Dafna D. , Ibañez Dominique , Su Jiandong , Mursleen Sara , Sayani Amyn , Ross Terres Jorge Alfonso , Iczkovitz Sandra
Published: April 2020

Objective.

To examine the role of disease activity on organ damage over 5 years in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) despite standard of care.

Methods.

This analysis of the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic cohort assessed organ damage [measured by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI)] in patients with active SLE [SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) ≥ 6], using Cox proportional time-independent hazard models. Subgroup analyses were conducted in patients with SLEDAI-2K 6 or 7, 8 or 9, and ≥ 10 at baseline, and in the overall study population by steroid dose at study entry (< 7.5 vs ≥ 7.5 mg/day).

Results.

Among the overall study population (n = 649), SDI progression was observed in 209 (32.2%) patients over the 5-year follow-up period. Mean SDI change in patients with a score > 0 was generally consistent across all SLEDAI-2K subgroups. Multivariable analyses identified age at study start (HR 1.03, P < 0.0001), steroid dose (HR 2.03, P < 0.0001), immunosuppressants (HR 1.44, P = 0.021), and SLEDAI-2K (subgroup analyses HR 1.64–2.03, P = 0.0017 to < 0.0001) as the greatest risk factors for SDI progression, while a study start date after the year 2000 had a protective effect on SDI progression compared with a start date prior to the year 2000 (HR 0.65, P = 0.0004).

Conclusion.

Patients within the higher SLEDAI-2K subgroups at study entry or receiving high doses of steroids were more likely to have organ damage progression.
Innate-like CD27+CD45RBhigh γδ T Cells Require TCR Signaling for Homeostasis in Peripheral Lymphoid Organs
Authors: Tani-ichi Shizue , Wagatsuma Keisuke , Hara Takahiro , Cui Guangwei , Abe Shinya , Miyachi Hitoshi , Kitano Satsuki , Ikuta Koichi
Published: April 2020

TCR signaling is required for homeostasis of naive αβ T cells. However, whether such a signal is necessary for γδ T cell homeostasis in the periphery remains unknown. In this study, we present evidence that a portion of Vγ2+ γδ T cells, one of the major γδ T cell subsets in the secondary lymphoid organs, requires TCR signaling for homeostasis. To attenuate γδTCR signals, we generated mice lacking Eγ4 (Eγ4−/−), an enhancer located at the 3′-most end of the TCRγ locus. Overall, we found that in thymus, Eγ4 loss altered V-J rearrangement, chromatin accessibility, and transcription of the TCRγ locus in a distance-dependent manner. Vγ2+ γδ T cells in Eγ4−/− mice developed normally both fetal and adult mouse thymi but were relatively reduced in number in spleen and lymph nodes. Although Vγ2 TCR transcription decreased in all subpopulations of Eγ4−/− mice, the number of Vγ2+ γδ T cells decreased and TCR signaling was attenuated only in the innate-like CD27+CD45RBhigh subpopulation in peripheral lymphoid organs. Consistently, CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells from Eγ4−/− mice transferred into Rag2-deficient mice were not efficiently recovered, suggesting that continuous TCR signaling is required for their homeostasis. Finally, CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells from Eγ4−/− mice showed impaired TCR-induced activation and antitumor responses. These results suggest that normal homeostasis of innate-like CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs requires TCR signaling.
IRAK1 Is a Critical Mediator of Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth
Authors: Jain Viral G. , Kong Fansheng , Kallapur Suhas G. , Presicce Pietro , Senthamaraikannnan Paranthaman , Cappelletti Monica , Chougnet Claire A. , Bhattacharyya Sandip , Pasare Chandrashekhar , Muglia Louis J.
Published: April 2020

Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, often triggered by chorioamnionitis or intrauterine inflammation (IUI) with or without infection. Recently, there has been a strong association of IL-1 with PTB. We hypothesized that IL-1R–associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), a key signaling mediator in the TLR/IL-1 pathway, plays a critical role in PTB. In human fetal membranes (FM) collected immediately after birth from women delivering preterm, p-IRAK1 was significantly increased in all the layers of FM with chorioamnionitis, compared with no-chorioamnionitis subjects. In a preterm rhesus macaque model of IUI given intra-amniotic LPS, induction of p-IRAK1 and downstream proinflammatory signaling mediators were seen in the FM. In a C57BL/6J wild-type PTB mouse model of IUI given intrauterine LPS, an IRAK1 inhibitor significantly decreased PTB and increased live birth in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, IRAK1 knockout mice were protected from LPS-induced PTB, which was seen in wild-type controls. Activation of IRAK1 was maintained by K63-mediated ubiquitination in preterm FM of humans with chorioamnionitis and rhesus and mouse IUI models. Mechanistically, IRAK1 induced PTB in the mouse model of IUI by upregulating expression of COX-2. Thus, our data from human, rhesus, and mouse demonstrates a critical role IRAK1 in IUI and inflammation-associated PTB and suggest it as potential therapeutic target in IUI-induced PTB.
Chemotherapy-induced pulmonary complications in cancer: Significance of clinicoradiological correlation
Authors: Dhamija Ekta , Meena Pankaj , Ramalingam Vidyasagar , Sahoo Ranjeet , Rastogi Sameer , Thulkar Sanjay
Published: March 2020

Chemotherapy while revolutionizing cancer management by improving survival and quality of life; is also associated with several adverse effects. Lung is the most common organ affected in chemotherapy-related complications, due to either drug toxicity or more commonly due to infections caused by immunosuppression and less commonly due to immune-mediated injury. Radiology, when used in combination with clinical and lab data, can help reach the specific diagnosis or narrow down the differentials. The common radiological patterns of drug toxicity include pulmonary interstitial and airway infiltrates, diffuse alveolar damage, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, eosinophilic pneumonia, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage, edema and hypertension. Cancer patients are immunosuppressed due to the underlying malignancy itself or due to therapy and are prone to a gamut of opportunistic infections including viral, bacterial, fungal and mycobacterial pathogens. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), a well-known complication in HIV, is now being increasingly recognized in non-HIV patients with immunosuppression. Engraftment syndrome is specifically seen following hematopoietic stem cell transplant during neutrophil recovery phase. Pulmonary involvement is frequent, causing a radiological picture of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Thus, radiology in combination with clinical background and lab parameters helps in detecting and differentiating various causes of pulmonary complications. This approach can help alter potentially toxic treatment and initiate early treatment depending on the diagnosis.
SAPHO syndrome: A radiological case report
Authors: Singh Anil Kumar , Ranjan Rahul S
Published: March 2020

The SAPHO syndrome (synovitis–acne–pustulosis–hyperostosis–osteitis syndrome) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Herein, we present a case of incidentally detected SAPHO syndrome in a middle-aged male patient who visited the hospital for pulmonary complaints.
Utility of Doppler ultrasound in early-onset neonatal sepsis
Authors: Ratnaparkhi Chetana R , Bayaskar Madhura V , Dhok Avinash P , Bhende Vikrant
Published: March 2020

Background: Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns. As there is paucity of literature regarding early alteration of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in neonatal sepsis our study aims to evaluate the changes in the CBF velocities and Doppler indices in neonates with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and to evaluate the predictive accuracy of cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFV) by using ultrasound Doppler as a diagnostic marker of EONS. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted over a period of 2 years with 123 neonates enrolled in the study. The neonates were divided into two groups: Group I (with 54 neonates) - neonates with EONS and group II (with 69 neonates) - age-matched neonates without any signs of sepsis. Ultrasound Doppler examination was performed and the cerebral hemodynamics assessed in neonates during the first seventy two hours of life. Doppler indices and CBFV were measured in the internal carotid artery (ICA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and vertebral artery (VA) of either side. Data were analyzed using the statistical program SPSS version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated at different selected cutoff values for CBFV parameters. Results: Lower resistance and higher peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity have been documented in neonates with EONS. Conclusion: Our study shows that the cerebral hemodynamics in neonates with EONS is altered which can be assessed bedside by noninvasive ultrasound Doppler examination.
Interrupted aortic arch: A case report
Authors: Franconeri Andrea , Ballati Francesco , Pin Maurizio , Carone Luisa , Danesino Gian M , Valentini Adele
Published: March 2020

Interrupted aortic arch diagnosed in adult age is a rare entity, with only a few cases published in the literature. Most of them are classified as type A interrupted aortic arch and differential diagnosis is associated with severe chronic coarctation. We present a case of a 52-year-old woman accessed to the emergency department for chest and right upper limb pain that increased in the last days. She underwent a computed tomography angiogram showing interruption of the aortic arch, distal to left subclavian artery origin, large bilateral collateral vessels connecting subclavian arteries to descending aorta with multiple voluminous aneurysms, a bicuspid aortic valve, dilatated tubular segment of ascending thoracic aorta, and a suspected atrial septal defect. A nonsystematic literature review regarding these conditions has been performed.
MDCT evaluation of intramyocardialsinusoids-coronary artery communications in a neonate with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum
Authors: Das Karuna M , Almansoori Taleb M , Momenah Tarek Suliman , Gorkom Klaus Neidl-Van
Published: March 2020

A patient of tetrology of Fallot with complete atresia of the pulmonary outflow tract with ventriculocoronary connections is presented.MDCT imaging revealed left coronary sinus, with a large fistula draining into the free wall of hypoplastic right ventricular cavity with tortuous channel arising from right ventricular outflow, and communicating with proximal limb of the fistula forming a complete loop suggesting a right ventricle–to – left coronary sinus sinusoid.
A study to assess the knowledge and practice of medical professionals on radiation protection in interventional radiology
Authors: Shafiee Mohsen , Rashidfar Razieh , Abdolmohammadi Jamil , Borzoueisileh Sajad , Salehi Zaker , Dashtian Kheibar
Published: March 2020

Objective: Ionizing radiation has been extensively used in medical procedures throughout the world. Such interventional radiological procedures could result in occupational exposure that needs urgent control. Therefore, MPs (medical professionals) should receive education and appropriate training on occupational radiation protection. In this context, the present study is aimed to investigate the MPs’ knowledge and practice regarding radiation protection principles during interventional radiological procedures. Material and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire-based study was carried out among 215 MPs involved in interventional fluoroscopy procedures. The practice of 31 MPs was studied using a checklist based on ALARA principles and ICRP guidelines. Results: A total of 43.3% and 45.1% answered correctly for knowledge and practice. However, the difference between radiation protection knowledge and practice between the physicians and nurses was statistically significant. The knowledge and practice survey of MPs demonstrated that nurses rarely adhered to radiation-protection measures. Conclusion: The present study reflects the lack of knowledge and practice concerning radiation protection concepts among the nurses. This deficiency needs to be resolved by periodic practical radiation protection courses in the curriculum of medicine.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia of liver: Pathophysiology with role of radiology in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Viyannan Maheswaran , Balalakshmoji Devanand , Leelakrishnan Venkatakrishnan
Published: March 2020

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) or Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome is a rare condition which can result in significant systemic and hepatobiliary abnormalities. Liver involvement in HHT consists primarily of the consequence of various intrahepatic shunts. Even though these vascular shunts are present in the majority of patients with HHT, symptoms occur only in minority with clear predilection to female gender. The symptoms and imaging findings of liver vascular malformations can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed which can result in delay in treatment or potentially harmful vascular interventions. In this case report, we discuss the pathophysiology of HHT in liver involvement, role of imaging in diagnosis, and the possible role of interventional radiologist in the treatment.
Myositis ossificans of mobile wad of Henry-Tennis elbow mimic
Authors: Almeer Ghassan , Azzopardi Christine , Kho James , Botchu Rajesh
Published: March 2020

Lateral epicondylitis also known as “tennis elbow” is the most common cause of lateral elbow pain. Several pathologies can mimic symptoms of tennis elbow. We present a case of myositis ossificans within the mobile wad of Henry (MWH), which presented with symptoms of tennis elbow and believe this to be the first reported case in literature.
18F-FDG PET/CT in cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Prabhu Meghana , Damle Nishikant A , Ray Animesh , Kandasamy Devasenathipathi
Published: March 2020

Infection of a cyst within an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a serious complication. Diagnosis with conventional imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging can be sometimes challenging. The definite diagnosis is analysis of the cyst fluid, but cyst punctures can cause bleeding, rupture, and contamination of adjacent cysts. Recently, FDG PET/CT has been reported as a sensitive tool for detection of cyst infection. We describe a case of 63-year-old woman with infected cysts in the left kidney, in whom accurate diagnosis was made on FDG PET/CT. FDG PET/CT is an important investigation in patients with fever of uncertain etiology, where renal cyst infection is a possible cause, but other etiologies also need to be ruled out.
Diffusion weighted imaging in breast cancer – Can it be a noninvasive predictor of nuclear grade?
Authors: Rupa R , Thushara R , Swathigha S , Athira R , Meena N , Cherian Mathew P
Published: March 2020

Background: DWI and ADC values are noninvasive MRI techniques, which provide quantitative information about tumor heterogeneity. Aim: To determine the minimum and mean ADC values in breast carcinoma and to correlate ADC values with various prognostic factors. Settings and Design: Prospective observational study. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five patients with biopsy-proven breast carcinoma were included in this study. MRI with DWI was performed with Siemens 3T Skyra scanner. ADC values were measured by placing regions of interest (ROIs) within the targeted lesions on ADC maps manually. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of surgical specimen was done to determine the prognostic factors. Statistical Analysis: Students T test and ANOVA were used to study the difference in ADC between two groups. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to quantify the correlation between ADC values and prognostic factors. Results: Lower grade (grade I) breast carcinoma had a significantly high ADC value as compared to higher grade carcinoma (grade II and III). For differentiating Grade I tumors from grade II and III, a minimum ADC cut-off value was 0.79 × 10−3 mm2/sec (83% sensitivity and 84% specificity) and a mean ADC cut-off value was 0.82 × 10-3 mm2/sec (83% sensitivity and 71% specificity) was derived. There was no significant correlation between ADC and other prognostic factors. Conclusion: ADC values can be used to differentiate lower grade breast carcinoma (grade I) from higher grades (grade II and III). Minimum ADC values are more accurate in predicting the grade of the breast tumor than mean ADC value.
Relationship between the organizational memory and innovativity: the case of software development companies in the southern region of Brazil
Authors: Kaufmann Evelácio , Favretto Jacir , Filippim Eliane Salete , Cohen Eric David
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on the relationship between the Organizational Memory (OM) and Organizational Innovation (OI) practices of Software Developers. This industry is meaningful for the economy and has significant transversality of performance; at the same time, it is highly dynamic and inventive. These traits corroborate our research choice around OM practices, since they help understand the makings of innovative environments. Based on extant research and validated reference models, we analyze practices and actions used by companies for the creation of a favorable environment that is conducive to OI. A group of software development companies operating in the southern region of Brazil was selected from the Brazilian Association of Software Companies (ABES), Association of Technology Companies of Santa Catarina (ACATE), Association of Brazilian Information Technology Companies of Paraná (ASSESPRO-PR) and Union of Information Technology Companies (SEPRORGS) organization database, using a non-probabilistic sample, due to the explicit desire and availability to participate in the study. Under the conceptual model, statistical analysis led us to the conclusion that there is a significant relationship between the OM functions and their influence in the innovative corporate environments. As firms become more mature and reach market consolidation, the model indicates that the OM retention function becomes increasingly more important, leading to an environment that is more efficient regarding innovativity.
Modelling inactivation kinetics of waterborne pathogens in municipal wastewater using ozone
Authors: Mecha Achisa C , Onyango Maurice S , Ochieng Aoyi , Momba Maggy NB
Published: March 2020

Microbial water pollution is a key concern leading to waterborne diseases. This study evaluated the disinfection of wastewater using ozonation. The following aspects were investigated: inactivation efficiency against Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Shigella species, and Vibrio cholerae; modelling of inactivation kinetics using disinfection models; and evaluation of microbial regrowth studies. 99% bacterial inactivation was obtained within 15 min, irrespective of the water matrix, showing the strong oxidizing potential of ozone. The disinfection data were fitted into the log-linear and Weibull models. The survival curves were non-linear and fitted the Weibull model (fractional bias and normalized mean square error equal to 0.0), especially at high bacterial concentrations (106 CFU/mL). The inactivation occurred in two stages: an initial rapid stage (15 min) and a final slow stage exhibiting a tailing mechanism (15-45 min) probably as a result of the self-defence mechanisms adopted by the bacteria to limit oxidative stress. Considering the pattern of survival curves, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed among the four tested bacterial species; thus showing that ozone was effective against all the bacteria tested. There was minimal bacterial regrowth in the treated samples 24 h after ozone disinfection with reactivation values of 0-5% obtained.
Three-dimensional double-network hydrogels of graphene oxide, alginate, and polyacrylonitrile for copper removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Choi Jung-Weon , Kim Hee Jin , Ryu Hayeon , Oh Sanghwa , Choi Sang-June
Published: March 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) double-network graphene oxide/alginate-polyacrylonitrile (GO/Ca-Alg2-PAN) composite hydrogels were synthesized via surface functionalization of GO to activate adsorption sites. The morphology and structure of the GO/Ca-Alg2-PAN were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DSC). The results of the physicochemical analyses indicated that GO/Ca-Alg2-PAN was successfully synthesized by the combination of a 2D-structured graphene oxide with the alginate which was functionalized with the PAN polymer to generate the 3D double network composites. This functionalization approach contributed to an increase in Cu2+ ion adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of the GO/Ca-Alg2-PAN for Cu2+ was 5.99 mmol/g. The results of adsorption kinetic experiments indicated that the GO/Ca-Alg2-PAN reached adsorption equilibrium within 147 mins at 2 mM Cu2+ in accordance with a pseudo-second-order model.
Osmosis
Authors: Tyson Christy
Published: April 2020

Osmosis is a strong choice for health sciences students who are looking for personalized study for board and program. The company partners with institutions to further personalize the online platform’s algorithms, integrating curricula and professional standards into students’ overall study plans. Affordable individual and institutional based subscriptions are available, and certified curriculum specialists are on staff.
Discursive Chains: How Prison Becomes Real and Chains Identity Movements For a Sex Offender
Authors: Faccio Elena , Mazzucato Matteo , Iudici Antonio
Published: March 2020

Detainees enact a “self” that is faced with the prejudices and stereotypes of the crime for which that detainee was convicted. Of all inmates, sex offenders face the greatest risk of receiving social condemnation alongside their prison sentence. This empirical study worked with 32 male sex offenders over 18 years old that were housed in the “protected” unit of the Due Palazzi. The following analysis explores how these men are required to manage their “self,” hetero-narrations, perception of everyday interactions in the protected unit, and conceptions about the rehabilitation path. Moreover, the detainees’ view on the prison’s strategic opportunities for promoting effective change in their condition and identity are also examined.

Discourse analysis applied to an open answer questionnaire showed that, rather than facing the stigma assigned to them, the detainees tend to minimize the importance of storytelling and construct alternative biographies to share with other inmates. Managing narratives allows the sex offenders to distance themselves from the perceived threats of living with other detainees; however, it also prevents the re-signification of their offenses. As such, the rules of “secrecy” must be considered by both qualitative researchers who conduct studies in prisons and prison administrators who plan the housing and treatment of sex offenders.
Fake brain helping human brain
Authors: Vinokurtseva Anastasiya , Veettil Shafaz
Published: March 2020

Mental health disorders affect 30% of the world’s population and rates of diagnosiscontinue to increase. This huge global burden on the individual and societal levels requiresenhancement of current diagnosis and treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers novelapproaches to diagnosis in mental healthcare. Personal digital devices that have becomeomnipresent in the developed world can be used as sensors for continuous monitoring ofindividual’s behaviour. Analysis of behavioural markers such as sleep, social media use andcommunication patterns through the use of sensors creates a patient’s digital phenotype.Continuous monitoring offers an insight into patients’ regular behaviour that is different from theself-reported, momentary snapshot used in conventional diagnostic practices. Virtual humans offeran alternative way to collect information, allowing for increased patient disclosure. Currentapplications of AI facilitate access to mental healthcare by monitoring patient functioning in reallife and immediately connecting patients to appropriate resources. Despite many benefits of AI inmental healthcare, further translation of this innovation from research to clinical practice requiresdiligent policy making to address privacy and confidentiality concerns.
Stuck song syndrome
Authors: Charron Brynn Petras , Ho Jordan
Published: March 2020

The article presents a case of a 32-year-old woman who has been experiencing episodes of musical obsessions for the past 12 years. The case highlights the importance of addressing stuck song syndrome due to its effects on the functioning of the patient. The psychopathological expressions of this condition in relation to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are described. The discussion provides distinction between the differential diagnoses of palinacousis, musical hallucinations, and musical obsessions. Lastly, the recognized treatment options for musical obsessions are explored.
Psychiatry and mental health in the medical community
Authors: Dhar Himani , Dzongowski Emily
Published: March 2020

Dr Varapravan completed medical school in Bangalore, India, then continued her medical training in Canada and finished her residency at Western University for psychiatry. Originally interested in ENT, her exposure to psychiatry in Canada caused her to change tracks and to pursue psychiatry. She is currently a part of the Assessment Unit at Parkwood Institute and Healthcare, had previously worked as UGE Psychiatry Clerkship Coordinator, and is heavily involved in exposing the students of Schulich to psychiatry. We had the opportunity to talk to Dr Varapravan about psychiatry as a field, the psychiatry clerkship program, and about burnout in the medical community.
Mental illness and medical aid in dying
Authors: Katznelson Gali , Orzylowski Jacek
Published: March 2020

A 2017 survey of 529 psychiatrists in Canada found that while 72% of psychiatrists supported medical assistance in dying (MAID) in some cases, only 29.4% supported MAID solely on the basis of mental disorders.  Understanding and addressing the concerns of mental health professionals will be crucial in deciding whether and how to expand MAID solely for a mental disorder in Canada. The report, “The State of Knowledge on Medical Assistance in Dying Where a Mental Disorder Is the Sole Underlying Medical Condition,” authored by The Council of Canadian Academies, highlights some concerns that mental health professionals might harbour. These include potentially feeling that there is a conflict between providing MAID and their duties as mental health care workers, the subjectivity of the current law, and Canada’s inequitable mental health care system.
Virtual reality exposure-based therapy as an emerging treatment modality for anxiety disorders
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Wong Sean
Published: March 2020

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health condition, affecting one-third of the population during their lifetime. Patient with anxiety may experience overwhelming fear to an irrational fear that can impair  everyday functioning. Current treatment for anxiety disorders include pharmacological (i.e. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and psychological (i.e. cognitive behavioural therapy) intervention. Cognitive behavioural therapy is an effective exposure-based therapy utilizing repetitive exposure to the feared stimulus to develop desensitization and tolerance but holds high dropout rates due to unbearable anxiety for patients. Recognizing this challenge, virtual reality technology is emerging as a promising tool for patients to challenge their fear in a simulated environment based on individual progression. This article explores the new development of virtual reality technology as an effective treatment modality for anxiety disorders to enhance current approaches in mental health care.
A Study of Determinants of Service Quality and Its Role in Customer Satisfaction: A Case of Selected Hotels in Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Singh Mamta , Kumar Devendra
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: Hospitality and tourism is a promising sector for growth of the Economy in Kurdistan region of Iraq. Every year a massive number of tourists visit the region during Nawroz and Eid –ul-Adha festival seasons. The region is fairly modern and possesses several tourist destinations including site seeing, religious tourism and historical tourism etc. Kurdistan Regional Statistics Office published a report on region’s economy that consists of number of foreign individuals, who visited Kurdistan region categorized into Arab and Non-Arab visitors category provides a clear picture that the region is not only an attraction for holiday but also for other type of tourism. Therefore we wish to learn customers opinion about satisfaction from service quality of the selected hotels. The study will be used to share key information with the hotel in Sulaimaniyah city.Methodology: To understand the determinants of service quality that is most shot for by the individuals we have conducted a survey of selected five star hotels in Sulamaniyah. The sample size for this study was a small sample which was 50 respondents. We used purposive sampling. For data analysis we used SPSS software package for social sciences. Main Findings: We observed from the majority responses that Room service, delivery time, behavior of hotel staff, a nice welcome on arrival, variety of food and beverage are some of the important parameters on which customers decide to rate a hotel. The customers do not have much interest in modern furniture facilities as per this study result. Application of the study: In the nutshell hospitality and tourism sector has huge potential for job creation given the fact the region has well-educated and well groomed young population ready to be employed in the region’s growing tourism industry, this research will help the hotels to provide better services to satisfy the customer.
Islamic Cultural Symbol in “Tabur Beras Kuning” Tradition in the Wedding Ceremony in Malang
Authors: Syamsudin Syamsudin , Sari Rina
Published: March 2020

This Study is about Muslim cultural symbol in the tradition of tabur beras kuning in the wedding ceremony in Malang. This study aims at discussing the results of observation and in depth interview to the practitioners of tabur beras kuning tradition who still hold and practice this tradition in every wedding ceremony in Malang. This topic is interesting because there is a kind of acculturation between Islam and culture. Islam with its Islamic values has influenced tabur beras kuning tradition and it has worked for long time and it is still practiced up to now. Islamic values have colored the culture. This, further, brings to the arising of the Muslim cultural symbols. The Islamic values in tabur beras kuning tradition have affected people to depend on and get closer to God the Almighty so that the societies who do this tradition might always hope to live prosperously and peacefully. Therefore, it is important to maintain tabur beras kuning tradition so that this tradition would not be perishing in line with the coming of modern era.