bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The flapless approach with and without enamel matrix derivatives for the treatment of intrabony defects: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Aimetti Mario , Stasikelyte Morta , Mariani Giulia Maria , Cricenti Luca , Baima Giacomo , Romano Federica
Published: June 2024

Aim

To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of flapless procedure alone or in combination with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) in the treatment of deep intrabony defects.

Materials and Methods

Forty‐six patients re‐evaluated after non‐surgical therapy were randomly assigned to the test (flapless with EMD) or control group (flapless alone). Clinical measurements were recorded pre‐surgery and at 6 and 12 months after surgery, and radiographic measurements were taken pre‐surgery and after 12 months.

Results

Forty‐six patients completed the study. Improvements were observed in both groups at 12 months for mean clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, with significant differences between test (3.9 ± 1.1 mm) and control groups (3.0 ± 1.2) (p = .017). Probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction (4.0 ± 0.7 vs. 3.3 ± 1.4 mm) was also near to statistical significance (p = .051). Also, more sites achieved successful composite outcome measure (final PPD ≤ 4 mm and CAL gain ≥3 mm) for the regenerative treatment in the flapless + EMD group (82.6% vs. 52.2%; p = .028). In terms of radiographic outcomes, EMD yielded a greater defect bone fill than flapless treatment alone (3.0 ± 1.0 mm vs. 1.8 ± 1.5 mm; p < .001).

Conclusions

The additional application of EMD during the flapless procedure for intrabony defects slightly improved clinical and radiographic outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT05456555.
Cardiac electrophysiology, structure and diastolic function in patients with diabetic foot versus those without diabetic foot
Authors: Bai Mingxin , Chen Dawei , Liu Yan , Ran Xingwu , Wang Chun , Chen Lihong , Yan Donge , He Sen , Wu Murong , Luo Bo , Wang Wen , Lei Zhiyi , Gao Yun
Published: June 2024

Aims/Introduction

To evaluate the differences in cardiac autonomic function, cardiac structure and diastolic function between individuals with diabetic foot (DF) and those with diabetes but without DF.

Materials and Methods

A total of 413 individuals with DF and 437 without DF who underwent a 24‐h electrocardiogram Holter and a Doppler echocardiogram were included. The heart rate variability parameters to evaluate cardiac autonomic function, and the indices for the assessment of cardiac structure and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, including left atrium, LV posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum and E/e′ ratio, were measured or calculated. Propensity score matching was used for the sensitivity analysis to minimize potential imbalance.

Results

In both the crude and propensity score matching analyses, significant differences were observed in heart rate variability between individuals with and without DF, as evidenced by lower standard deviation of the normal sinus interval, lower low‐frequency power/high‐frequency power ratio, lower standard deviation of the 5‐min average RR intervals, lower low‐frequency power, lower percentage of normal adjacent RR interval difference >50 ms, lower root mean square of successive RR interval differences and lower high‐frequency power (all P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, DF showed an independent negative correlation with the aforementioned indices of heart rate variability (all P < 0.05). Individuals with DF showed higher left atrium, LV posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum and a higher E/e′ ratio than those without DF in the crude analysis (all P < 0.05), whereas these indices were no longer associated with DF in the multivariate analysis and the propensity score matching analyses.

Conclusions

Cardiac autonomic modulation was more severely impaired in individuals with DF than in their counterparts without DF. There has been insufficient evidence to demonstrate the independent association of DF and LV diastolic dysfunction.
On the deduction and quantification of irruptive dynamics in mountain pine beetle population and proxy data
Authors: Cooke B. J. , MacQuarrie C. J. K. , Carroll A. L.
Published: June 2024

In attempting to develop a coherent description of the irruptive dynamics of mountain pine beetle (MPB) in North America, we examined a range of cases where authors described the dependency of intrinsic population growth rates on population attack levels. In some cases, detailed population data were used, but in most cases, investigators relied on operational aerial detection survey data. We found that study conclusions varied significantly depending on the type of data analysed and the spatial and temporal dimensions of the monitoring program. The ability to detect an intrinsic Allee effect (i.e., positive density‐dependent growth for low and rising population densities) depended on the type and the intensity of the sampling effort and the extent of sampling in space and time. Consequently, not all studies were able to quantify the irruption threshold (i.e., the population density at which endemic populations may transition towards the epidemic state). Notably, in every study where an Allee effect was demonstrated, investigators also identified at least one extrinsic environmental factor (e.g., winter weather, summer drought, microclimatic effect) that was regulating its strength. Our results suggest that population surveys conducted from the ground are a necessary complement to aerial survey data if the goal is to make inferences about the irruptive potential for MPB populations and the role of environmental factors in shaping that irruptive potential.
Development and characterization of cellulose‐based smart films extracted from coconut waste
Authors: Abid Aqsa , Talha Muhammad , Maan Abid Aslam , Khan Muhammad Kashif Iqbal , Asif Muhammad , Babu Irrum
Published: June 2024

The increasing demands for safe and quality packaged food have diverted all the intentions toward the enhancement of hazard detection and quantification techniques. The integration of smart functions with the novel biomaterials‐based packaging provides an effective approach to deal with the uplifting concerns of food safety and environmental pollution. In the current study, firstly the cellulose was extracted from coconut waste, then it was subjected to prepare biodegradable films and lastly the films were incorporated with curcumin or quercetin dihydrate. The films were characterized for their mechanical, barrier and smart properties. The incorporation of curcumin or quercetin dihydrate improved the physicochemical properties of the cellulose films, including strength, elongation at break (EAB), water vapor permeability (WVP), biodegradability, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, the moisture content and water solubility decreased. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images depicted the rough surface of curcumin incorporated smart films which represents successful application of curcumin, while cracks and pits were observed for the films with the higher concentration of quercetin dihydrate. All the smart films showed effective responses against pH ranging from 2 to 14.
Analysis of autoimmune hepatitis with acute presentation in the early stage of illness
Authors: Fujiwara Keiichi , Fukuda Yoshihiro , Sanada Masahiko , Koizumi Shuko , Seza Katsushi , Saito Masaya , Yokosuka Osamu , Kato Naoya
Published: June 2024

Background and Aim

There is no gold standard for making the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and the diagnosis of acute onset AIH (A‐AIH) is most challenging. A‐AIH sometimes develops into acute liver failure with poor prognosis if the diagnosis is delayed. Therefore, it is most important for the better prognosis to diagnose non‐severe A‐AIH early and treat appropriately. However, features in the early stage of A‐AIH are unclear. We examined initial characteristics of non‐severe A‐AIH in detail and tried to find novel clinical features for the early diagnosis.

Methods

Clinical, biochemical, immunological, radiological, and histological features of 71 patients (54 women, mean age 57.9 ± 14.3 years) with non‐severe A‐AIH admitted to community hospitals between 2001 and 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.

Result

Forty‐six had no symptom on onset and liver injuries were discovered by regular medical checkups. The mean duration from onset to consultation was 25.0 ± 29.3 days. Liver histology showed acute hepatitis in 59% and chronic hepatitis in 41%. Patients with symptoms revealed more male sex (P = 0.039), higher alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), higher total bilirubin (P < 0.001), and higher rate of histological acute hepatitis (P = 0.0013) than those without symptoms significantly. Male sex, presence of symptoms on onset, occurrence of jaundice in the course, and histological acute hepatitis were correlated.

Conclusions

Sixty‐five percent of non‐severe A‐AIH patients were asymptomatic on onset, suggesting that A‐AIH would develop insidiously and present a longer clinical course than that reported. Male patients more often revealed true acute hepatitis clinically, biochemically, and histologically than female ones.
Inside and Outside Information
Authors: QUIGLEY DANIEL , WALTHER ANSGAR
Published: June 2024

We study an economy with financial frictions in which a regulator designs a test that reveals outside information about a firm's quality to investors. The firm can also disclose verifiable inside information about its quality. We show that the regulator optimally aims for “public speech and private silence,” which is achieved with tests that give insiders an incentive to stay quiet. We fully characterize optimal tests by developing tools for Bayesian persuasion with incentive constraints, and use these results to derive novel guidance for the design of bank stress tests, as well as benchmarks for socially optimal corporate credit ratings.
How Large is the Sovereign Greenium?*
Authors: Ando Sakai , Fu Chenxu , Roch Francisco , Wiriadinata Ursula
Published: June 2024

This paper assembles a comprehensive sovereign green bond database and estimates the sovereign greenium. The development of green bond markets has been one of the most important financial breakthroughs in the domain of sustainable finance during the last 15 years. A central pecuniary benefit for green bond issuers has been that these bonds exhibit a positive green premium (greenium), that is, a lower yield relative to a similar conventional bond. Yet, issuances at the sovereign level have been relatively recent and not well documented in the literature. We find that green bonds are issued at a relatively small premium (4 basis points on average) in Advanced Economies. Yet, importantly, the greenium is growing over time and is considerably larger (11 basis points on average) for Emerging Market Economies.
Artemis deficiency: A large cohort including a novel variant with increased radiosensitivity
Authors: Meric Zeynep , Gemici Karaaslan Betul , Yalcin Gungoren Ezgi , Bektas Hortoglu Melika , Cavas Tolga , Aydemir Sezin , Bilgic Eltan Sevgi , Firtina Sinem , Kendir Demirkol Yasemin , Eser Metin , Cekic Sukru , Kilic Suar , Karasu Gulsun , Yesilipek Mehmet Akif , Eke Gungor Hatice , Karakoc‐Aydiner Elif , Ozen Ahmet , Baris Safa , Yucel Esra , Cokugras Haluk , Kiykim Ayca
Published: June 2024

Background

Artemis deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a combined immunodeficiency with increased cellular radiosensitivity. In this review, the clinical and genetic characteristics of 15 patients with DCLRE1C variants are presented.

Methods

The demographic, clinical, immunologic, and genetic characteristics of patients with confirmed DCLRE1C variants diagnosed between 2013 and 2023 were collected retrospectively. Three patients were evaluated for radiosensitivity by the Comet assay, compared with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy control.

Results

Seven patients who had severe infections in the first 6 months of life were diagnosed with T‐B‐NK+ SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency). Among them, four individuals underwent transplantation, and one of those died due to post‐transplant complications in early life. Eight patients had hypomorphic variants. Half of them were awaiting a suitable donor, while the other half had already undergone transplantation. The majority of patients were born into a consanguineous family (93.3%). Most patients had recurrent sinopulmonary infections (73.3%), and one patient had no other infection than an acute respiratory infection before diagnosis. Two patients (13.3%) had autoimmunity in the form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Growth retardation was observed in only one patient (6.6%), and no malignancy was detected in the surviving 11 patients during the median (IQR) of 21.5 (12–45) months of follow‐up. Three patients who had novel variants exhibited increased radiosensitivity and compromised DNA repair, providing a potential vulnerability to malignant transformation.

Conclusion

Early diagnosis, radiation avoidance, and careful preparation for transplantation contribute to minimizing complications, enhancing life expectancy, and improving the patient's quality of life.
Nonparametric causal inference with confounders missing not at random
Authors: Shan Jiawei , Yan Xinyu
Published: June 2024

We consider the estimation and inference of Average Causal Effects (ACE) when confounders are missing not at random. The identification has been discussed in literature; however, limited effort has been devoted into developing feasible nonparametric inference methods. The primary challenge arises from the estimation process of the missingness mechanism, an ill‐posed problem that poses obstacles in establishing asymptotic theory. This paper contributes to filling this gap in the following ways. Firstly, we introduce a weak pseudo‐metric to guarantee a faster convergence rate of the missingness mechanism estimator. Secondly, we employ a representer to derive the explicit expression of the influence function. We also propose a practical and stable approach to estimate the variance and construct the confidence interval. We verify our theoretical results in the simulation studies.
The syntax of Greek split reciprocals
Authors: Paparounas Lefteris , Salzmann Martin
Published: June 2024

We provide the first detailed description and analysis of the syntax of the understudied Greek split reciprocal reconstruction. As in other languages, the reciprocal appears to be bipartite consisting of a quantificational distributor (‘the one’) and a reciprocator (‘the other’). We show that, in Greek, this bipartiteness runs deep: the two parts are syntactically independent, with the reciprocator having the syntax of a Condition A anaphor, and the distributor behaving as a floating quantifier. Once we turn to how these elements establish relations between themselves and their antecedent, we find that Greek reciprocals resist a movement‐ or Agree‐based analysis, since both elements can occur in positions inaccessible to movement/Agree. Given that the reciprocator can occur in embedded subject position, the Greek data also argue against recent attempts to reduce the binding domain to phases, instead supporting a more traditional definition of the binding domain in terms of the smallest XP containing the anaphor and a subject. Finally, we show that the morphosyntactic properties of the bipartite construction can be connected to independent properties of its two component parts and that these can, in turn, be related to interpretive aspects of reciprocity.
Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak associated with school field trips at a farm animal exhibit—Tennessee, September–October 2023
Authors: Thomas Christine M. , Foster Allison , Boop Sarah , Kirschke David , Mooney Hopelyn , Reid Isabella , May Andrew S. , Mullins Heather , Garman Katie N. , Golwalkar Mugdha , Marr Jack H. , Orejuela Kelly , Ripley Danny , Rasnic Robin , Terrell Erica , Durso Lisa M. , Schaffner William , Jones Timothy F. , Fill Mary‐Margaret A. , Dunn John R.
Published: June 2024

Aims

In October 2023, the Tennessee Department of Health identified an outbreak of Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 infections among elementary school students who attended school field trips to the same farm animal exhibit. Our aim was to determine STEC source and prevent additional illnesses by initiating epidemiologic, laboratory and environmental investigations.

Methods and Results

We identified cases using laboratory‐based surveillance and by surveying caregivers of children who attended the exhibit. Probable cases were defined as illness with abdominal cramps or diarrhoea after attendance; confirmed cases were laboratory‐confirmed STEC infection in an attendee or household contact. A site visit was conducted, and event organizers were interviewed. Human stool, animal faeces and environmental samples were tested for STEC O157:H7 by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture and whole‐genome sequencing (WGS). Approximately 2300 elementary school students attended the animal exhibit during 2 days. Field trip activities included contact with different farm animal species, drinking pasteurized milk outside animal enclosures and eating lunch in a separate building onsite. We received survey responses from 399 caregivers for 443 (19%) animal exhibit attendees. We identified 9 confirmed and 55 probable cases with illness onset dates during 26 September to 12 October. Seven children aged 1–7 years were hospitalized. Four children aged 1–6 years experienced haemolytic uraemic syndrome; none died. Laboratory testing identified STEC O157:H7 by culture from eight human stool samples with 0–1 allele difference by WGS. Three environmental samples had Shiga toxin (stx 2) genes detected by PCR, but no STEC isolates were recovered by culture.

Conclusions

This is the largest reported STEC O157:H7 outbreak associated with an animal exhibit in Tennessee. We identified opportunities for educating school staff, event organizers and families about zoonotic disease risks associated with animal contact and published prevention measures.
Adopting Green Building Technologies for Sustainable Development: Insights from Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chigwenya Average , Zhakata Trish Isheanesu
Published: June 2024

Green building is a fast growing concept that acts as a cardinal instrument of sustainable development, being proven as crucial in the achievement of sustainable development goals. The construction industry is seen as a critical player in the achievement of sustainable development because it makes huge contribution to the environmental degradation. However, in Zimbabwe, the adoption of green building technologies has been very slow, which means that the contribution of the built environment to sustainable development is apparently very minimal. The present study attempts to situate the Zimbabwean construction industry in the sustainable development framework. Technology is the cutting edge of development in the contemporary cities and the adoption of technologies in the construction industry will go a long way in attaining sustainable development. The study also examined the barriers to sustainable construction in the country using Harare as the case study. The study used qualitative methods to collect data. In-depth interviews and observations were employed. The research observed that there is very minimal adoption of green building technologies in Harare with only three buildings that have incorporated these technologies the rest are conventional buildings. Technology in the construction industry is therefore minimally used in the city of Harare and this has severe consequences on sustainability. The major reason for poor adoption of green technologies include lack of government policy, general lack of information and understanding on the need for green buildings, and the hostile economic environment in the country. The study therefore recommends that government should intervene with policies and regulations that promote green technologies.
Wear Resistant MoS2 Thin Films Enabled by Chromium Underlayer
Authors: Ahmed Nihal , Ghosh Sujan
Published: June 2024

Lightweight metals like Aluminum are sought after in automotive and aerospace industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, one of the challenges of using Aluminum is its high Coefficient of friction (COF) and wear under shear loading. MoS2 coatings can be used to improve the tribological properties of Aluminum. However, such coatings have very low adhesion to Aluminum and are very oxidation-prone in air, which limits the use of the MoS2 coatings in room-temperature applications. Chromium has been used as a primer coating because of its corrosion resistivity and high adhesion with other metals when used as a thin film. In this work, the adhesion of coatings was improved by introducing an underlying Chromium layer between Aluminum and MoS2. It was stabilized by isolating it from the air using a thin top chromium layer. The Chromium underlayers and the MoS2 coatings were deposited using Physical Vapor Deposition (Sputtering). The MoS2 coatings help decrease the COF of Aluminum to 0.28 from 0.7. The Chromium underlayers help improve the durability of the MoS2 coating by two times without sacrificing the low COF. The chromium underlayers’ better adhesion helps adhere the MoS2 coating better to the substrate, hence the better durability of the coating. However, the Chromium top layer did not positively impact the durability and COF of the MoS2 coating.
Enhancing Energy Absorption Capacity of Pyramidal Lattice Structures via Geometrical Tailoring and 3D Printing
Authors: Ayaz Uddin Mohammed , Barsoum Imad , Kumar Shanmugam , Schiffer Andreas
Published: June 2024

Pyramidal lattice structures have frequently been employed as the core material in the design of sandwich panels due to their impressive weight-specific strength. However, the struts in pyramidal lattice structures bend when subjected to axial, shear, or bending loads, leading to non-uniform stress distributions, especially at low relative densities. The current work introduces a geometrical tailoring scheme that provides the designer with additional parameters that can be adjusted to tune the cross-sectional properties of the lattice struts with the goal of obtaining more uniform stress distributions across their thickness. Specifically, the conventional square and circular pyramidal lattice struts are reshaped into I-beam-like cross-sections, forming a tailored pyramidal lattice. These geometrically tailored pyramidal lattices are 3D printed via the Digital Light Processing (DLP) technique. The quasi-static compressive responses of the lattices are experimentally evaluated in terms of elastic modulus, collapse strength, and energy absorption capacity. Additionally, the collapse mechanisms of the geometrically tailored structures were assessed via a non-linear finite element analysis which was validated against the experimental evidence. The results substantiate the validity of the geometrical tailoring strategy as the reported energy absorption capacity of the tailored pyramidal lattice structure exhibits a significant enhancement up to 64% and 15% respectively. The latter enhancements were attributed to the lateral buckling of struts, prompting the tailored struts to bend sideways during the collapse phase.
Optimization of Variable Stiffness Composites Considering Gaps/Overlaps and Unified Structural Theories
Authors: Pagani Alfonso , Sánchez-Majano Alberto Racionero , Zamani Dario
Published: June 2024

Variable stiffness composites offer additional versatility than conventional straight fiber composites. However, throughout the manufacturing process of these advanced composites, imperfections such as gaps and overlaps are inevitable and can affect the laminated components’ mechanical qualities. This work aims to present a surrogate-based optimization framework in which the Defect Layer Method (DLM) and the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) are coupled to improve the prediction of the mechanical behavior of VAT laminates. Results on two fronts are provided: (i) optimal lamination angles for the dynamic response in the presence of defects and (ii) the impact of the selection of the structural theory on the optimization problem.
5.0 μm emitting interband cascade lasers with superlattice and bulk AlGaAsSb claddings
Authors: Petrović B. , Bader A. , Nauschütz J. , Sato T. , Birner S. , Weih R. , Hartmann F. , Höfling S.
Published: June 2024

We present a comparison between interband cascade lasers (ICLs) with a six-stage active region emitting at 5 μm with AlSb/InAs superlattice claddings and with bulk Al0.85Ga0.15As0.07Sb0.93 claddings. Utilizing bulk AlGaAsSb claddings with their lower refractive index compared to the more commonly used AlSb/InAs superlattice claddings, the mode-confinement in the active region increases by 14.4% resulting in an improvement of the lasing threshold current density. For broad area laser and under pulsed excitation, the ICL with AlGaAsSb claddings shows a lower threshold current density of Jth=396A/cm2 compared to Jth=521A/cm2 of the ICL with superlattice claddings. Additionally, a higher characteristic temperature was obtained for the ICL with bulk claddings. Emission in pulsed operation is observed up to 65 °C.
Sex Differences in Self-Reported Causes, Symptoms, and Recovery Strategies Associated With Underperformance in Endurance Athletes
Authors: Agudo-Ortega Aarón , Talsnes Rune Kjøsen , Eid Hanna , Sandbakk Øyvind , Solli Guro Strøm
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study investigated sex differences in self-reported causes, symptoms, and recovery strategies associated with underperformance in endurance athletes. Methods: A total of 82 athletes (40 women) meeting the inclusion criteria (performance level ≥tier 3, used training diaries, and experienced 1 or more periods of underperformance during their career) completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire encompassed inquiries regarding load monitoring and experiences with underperformance, focusing on causes, symptoms, and recovery strategies. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms associated with underperformance included psychological (31%), physiological (23%), and health-related (12%) symptoms. Notably, female athletes were more likely to report psychological symptoms associated with underperformance (38% vs 25%, P = .01) compared with male athletes. The leading causes of underperformance comprised illness (21%), mental/emotional challenges (20%), training errors (12%), lack of recovery (10%), and nutritional challenges (5%). Female athletes reported nutritional challenges more frequently as the cause of underperformance compared with males (9% vs 1%, P = .01), whereas male athletes more often attributed underperformance to training errors (15% vs 9%, P = .03). Overall, 67% of athletes reported recovering from underperformance, with a tendency for more male than female athletes to recover (76% vs 58%, P = .07). Furthermore, a higher proportion of male than female athletes reported implementing changes in the training process as a recovery strategy (62% vs 35%, P = .02). Conclusions: This study offers valuable insights into sex differences in experiences with underperformance in endurance athletes. The findings could inform coaches and athletes in both the prevention and treatment of such incidents.
Known and novel viruses in Belgian honey bees: yearly differences, spatial clustering, and associations with overwintering loss
Authors: Deboutte Ward , De Smet Lina , Brunain Marleen , Basler Nikolas , De Rycke Riet , Smets Lena , de Graaf Dirk C. , Matthijnssens Jelle
Published: June 2024

In recent years, managed honey bee colonies have been suffering from an increasing number of biotic and abiotic stressors, resulting in numerous losses of colonies worldwide. A pan-European study, EPILOBEE, estimated the colony loss in Belgium to be 32.4% in 2012 and 14.8% in 2013. In the current study, absolute viral loads of four known honey bee viruses (DWV-A, DWV-B, AmFV, and BMLV) and three novel putative honey bee viruses (Apis orthomyxovirus 1, apthili virus, and apparli virus) were determined in 300 Flemish honey bee samples, and associations with winter survival were determined. This revealed that, in addition to the known influence of DWV-A and DWV-B on colony health, one of the newly described viruses (apthili virus) shows a strong yearly difference and is also associated with winter survival. Furthermore, all scrutinized viruses revealed significant spatial clustering patterns, implying that despite the limited surface area of Flanders, local virus transmission is paramount. The vast majority of samples were positive for at least one of the seven investigated viruses, and up to 20% of samples were positive for at least one of the three novel viruses. One of those three, Apis orthomyxovirus 1, was shown to be a genuine honey bee-infecting virus, able to infect all developmental stages of the honey bee, as well as the
Varroa destructor
mite. These results shed light on the most prevalent viruses in Belgium and their roles in the winter survival of honey bee colonies.

IMPORTANCE

The western honey bee (
Apis mellifera
) is a highly effective pollinator of flowering plants, including many crops, which gives honey bees an outstanding importance both ecologically and economically. Alarmingly high annual loss rates of managed honey bee colonies are a growing concern for beekeepers and scientists and have prompted a significant research effort toward bee health. Several detrimental factors have been identified, such as varroa mite infestation and disease from various bacterial and viral agents, but annual differences are often not elucidated. In this study, we utilize the viral metagenomic survey of the EPILOBEE project, a European research program for bee health, to elaborate on the most abundant bee viruses of Flanders. We complement the existing metagenomic data with absolute viral loads and their spatial and temporal distributions. Furthermore, we identify Apis orthomyxovirus 1 as a potentially emerging pathogen, as we find evidence for its active replication honey bees.
Supplemental Material: Fault rock structure-related stiffness contrast explains earthquakes in creeping faults
Authors: Woo Sangwoo , Han Raehee , al. et
Published: June 2024

Materials and Methods M1–M7, Figures S1–S15, and Tables S1–S2.  
Late-onset tacrolimus-induced colitis associated with delayed mucosal healing: a case report
Authors: Mcildowie Scott James , Churchhouse Antonia MD , Robertson Katie , Blackwell Jonathan M
Published: June 2024

Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor rarely associated with gastrointestinal injury and reported only a handful of times in the literature. We present a case report demonstrating late-onset colitis in a patient taking tacrolimus for years, with typical histological features, associated with delayed mucosal healing. We hope this highlights the potential variability in both presentation and resolution in cases of tacrolimus-induced colitis.
Transcirculation retrograde placement of a Pipeline embolization device for treatment of a vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm
Authors: Srinivasan Visish M , Graffeo Christopher S , Scherschinski Lea , Majmundar Neil , Catapano Joshua S , Winkler Ethan A , Jadhav Ashutosh P , Ducruet Andrew F , Lawton Michael T , Albuquerque Felipe C
Published: June 2024

Transcirculation catheterization, also known as the retrograde approach, involves the navigation of a catheter or other endovascular device from one arterial circulation to the other (right to left, or anterior to posterior).1–4 We present a case of a complex vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm previously treated by bilateral vertebral artery deconstruction, precluding antegrade access (video 1). Following the creation of a protective occipital artery to posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) bypass, the patient was treated with transcirculation placement of a Pipeline embolization device (PED).5–9 The right internal carotid artery was accessed with a guide catheter using a transradial approach. The microwire–microcatheter combination was then tracked through the right posterior communicating artery, down the basilar trunk, and to the left PICA. The PED was successfully deployed from the left vertebral artery to the mid-basilar artery. At 3-month follow-up, the aneurysm was completely obliterated. The nuances of transcirculation technique, especially for flow diversion, are discussed. (Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.)

Video 1

Transcirculation retrograde placement of a Pipeline embolization device for treatment of a vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm previously treated by bilateral vertebral artery deconstruction, precluding antegrade access
Dynamics of pulse propagation with solitary waves in monomode optical fibers with nonlinear Fokas system
Authors: Ali Karmina K. , Tarla Sibel , Yusuf Abdullahi , Umar Huzaifa , Yilmazer Resat
Published: June 2024

In this study, a unified auxiliary equation method, which is one of the powerful methods for exploring nonlinear model solutions, is used in the Fokas system, with complex functions representing nonlinear pulse propagation in monomode optical fibers. As a result, we get some solutions, including dark–bright, singular, periodic, bright–dark, Jacobi elliptic functions, trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential ones. In addition, we use a computer program to generate 3D, 2D and counterplot graphics from the obtained solutions by assigning specific values to the involved parameters. While discussing, the graphs for various values of an arbitrary constant are examined. These findings constitute an important step in understanding how solitary waves are generated in nonlinear media. Since the studied model is used in many domains, including Bose–Einstein condensates and plasma physics, these results improve our theoretical knowledge and open up new avenues for potential real-world applications and the development of cutting-edge technologies.
Critical degeneracy in a nonlinear hyperbolic equation can produce atypical instability
Authors: Stuart C. A.
Published: June 2024

This paper deals with the initial value problem for a semilinear wave equation on a bounded domain and solutions are required to vanish on the boundary of this domain. The essential feature of the situation considered here is that the ellipticity of the spatial part of the differential operator degenerates like the square of the distance from given point in the domain and so hyperbolicity is lost at this point. The assumptions ensure that [Formula: see text] is a stationary solution of the problem and the object is to study the stability of this solution with respect to perturbations of the initial data. Stability, instability and asymptotic stability are all considered. The assumptions about the nonlinear terms ensure that the problem has a well-defined linearization at [Formula: see text]. There are simple cases where this linearization is asymptotically stable but [Formula: see text] is an unstable solution of the nonlinear problem. We also establish conditions under which the stability of a stationary solution [Formula: see text] can be determined using our results. The quadratic degeneracy at a point treated here is typical of what is required in models for acoustic (or sonic) black holes. It also occurs in a simplified Wheeler–DeWitt model which we discuss in some detail.
Curcuminoid Contents in Rhizomes of Some Zingiberaceous Plants Sold via Online Platforms: Influence of Species and Cultivation Location
Authors: Monton Chaowalit , Theanphong Orawan , Pathompak Pathamaporn , Suksaeree Jirapornchai , Chankana Natawat
Published: June 2024

Zingiberaceous plants are versatile and find application in various fields, including food, medicine, and cosmetics. Recently, turmeric and other Zingiberaceous plants have become readily available through online platforms. However, the quality, specifically the curcuminoid content, has not been adequately assessed. In light of this issue, this study is aimed at analyzing the curcuminoid contents, including bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and curcumin, using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The analysis targets the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (ZM), Curcuma aromatica (CA), Curcuma wanenlueanga (CW), Curcuma zedoaria (CZ), and sixteen Curcuma longa (CL) samples sold on online platforms. The influence of species and cultivation locations was evaluated, compared, and clustered. The results indicated that CL exhibited the highest curcuminoid contents, followed by CA, CZ, ZM, and CW, respectively. Curcumin was not detected in CW, while bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin were absent in ZM. Cluster analysis revealed that CW was closely related to ZM, and CA was closely related to CZ, while CL was not closely related to either cluster. Among the sixteen CL samples, the most commonly found curcuminoids were curcumin, followed by bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin, respectively. Three samples contained curcuminoid contents of less than 5%, failing to meet the standard level specified in the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Furthermore, ten samples had total curcuminoid contents higher than 10%, with three samples exceeding 15%. The top three samples with the highest total curcuminoid contents from different locations were as follows: Tha Yang District, Phetchaburi Province (17.02%); Phop Phra District, Tak Province (16.97%); and Pak Tho District, Ratchaburi Province (15.45%). Cluster analysis revealed that CL samples could be grouped into two major categories: low curcuminoid and high curcuminoid groups. This study offers valuable insights for consumers seeking high‐quality rhizomes of Zingiberaceous plants with high curcuminoids, through online platforms. By focusing on the curcuminoid content, consumers can make informed decisions when purchasing Zingiberaceous plants online. This information not only aids in selecting superior quality rhizomes but also enhances the overall consumer experience by ensuring the potency and efficacy of the purchased products.
Supplementary Table 2 from FOXO1 Inhibition Generates Potent Nonactivated CAR T Cells against Solid Tumors
Authors: Marchais Maude , Simula Luca , Phayanouvong Mélanie , Mami-Chouaib Fathia , Bismuth Georges , Decroocq Justine , Bouscary Didier , Dutrieux Jacques , Mangeney Marianne
Published: June 2024

List of antibodies used.
Data from FOXO1 Inhibition Generates Potent Nonactivated CAR T Cells against Solid Tumors
Authors: Marchais Maude , Simula Luca , Phayanouvong Mélanie , Mami-Chouaib Fathia , Bismuth Georges , Decroocq Justine , Bouscary Didier , Dutrieux Jacques , Mangeney Marianne
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promising results in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Despite the successes, challenges remain. One of them directly involves the CAR T-cell manufacturing process and especially the ex vivo activation phase. While this is required to allow infection and expansion, ex vivo activation dampens the antitumor potential of CAR T cells. Optimizing the nature of the T cells harboring the CAR is a strategy to address this obstacle and has the potential to improve CAR T-cell therapy, including for solid tumors. Here, we describe a protocol to create CAR T cells without ex vivo preactivation by inhibiting the transcription factor FOXO1 (CAR TAS cells). This approach made T cells directly permissive to lentiviral infection, allowing CAR expression, with enhanced antitumor functions. FOXO1 inhibition in primary T cells (TAS cells) correlated with acquisition of a stem cell memory phenotype, high levels of granzyme B, and increased production of TNFα. TAS cells displayed enhanced proliferative and cytotoxic capacities as well as improved migratory properties. In vivo experiments showed that CAR TAS cells were more efficient at controlling solid tumor growth than classical CAR T cells. The production of CAR TAS from patients’ cells confirmed the feasibility of the protocol in clinic.
Supplementary Figure S9 from Hemangiosarcoma Cells Promote Conserved Host-derived Hematopoietic Expansion
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Schulte Ashley J. , Sarver Aaron L. , Lee Donghee , Angelos Mathew G. , Frantz Aric M. , Forster Colleen L. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Cheng Nuojin , Lewellen Mitzi , Oseth LeAnn , Kumar Sunil , Bullman Susan , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Goyal Sagar M. , Meyerson Matthew , Lund Troy C. , Breen Matthew , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Dickerson Erin B. , Kaufman Dan S. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S9
Supplementary Figure S8 from Hemangiosarcoma Cells Promote Conserved Host-derived Hematopoietic Expansion
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Schulte Ashley J. , Sarver Aaron L. , Lee Donghee , Angelos Mathew G. , Frantz Aric M. , Forster Colleen L. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Cheng Nuojin , Lewellen Mitzi , Oseth LeAnn , Kumar Sunil , Bullman Susan , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Goyal Sagar M. , Meyerson Matthew , Lund Troy C. , Breen Matthew , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Dickerson Erin B. , Kaufman Dan S. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S8
Supplementary Figure S4 from Hemangiosarcoma Cells Promote Conserved Host-derived Hematopoietic Expansion
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Schulte Ashley J. , Sarver Aaron L. , Lee Donghee , Angelos Mathew G. , Frantz Aric M. , Forster Colleen L. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Cheng Nuojin , Lewellen Mitzi , Oseth LeAnn , Kumar Sunil , Bullman Susan , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Goyal Sagar M. , Meyerson Matthew , Lund Troy C. , Breen Matthew , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Dickerson Erin B. , Kaufman Dan S. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S4
The Prognostic Significance of Surgical Treatment for Excessive Elderly Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients over 90 Years Old: A Clinicopathological Study of 16 Cases
Authors: Tsuchie Hiroyuki , Emori Makoto , Nagasawa Hiroyuki , Murahashi Yasutaka , Mizushima Emi , Shimizu Junya , Yamashita Toshihiko , Miyakoshi Naohisa
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The incidence of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) among older patients is increasing. Although surgical treatment of elderly patients with STS has been reported to improve their prognosis, most of these studies included patients with STS aged <85 years. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features and prognostic factors of STS in elderly patients aged ≥90 years. Subject and Methods: We retrospectively identified patients aged ≥90 years with STS who were treated at our two hospitals between 1994 and 2022. Data on clinical information and detailed assessments were collected. We evaluated the features and factors affecting the prognosis of patients with older-extremity STS. In addition, we compared the clinical courses and results of patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy for primary tumors. Results: Among 454 patients with STS, 16 were aged ≥90 years. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival showed a significantly poorer prognosis in patients who did not receive surgical treatment (p = 0.0348) and those who received radiotherapy (p = 0.0070). Moreover, we investigated the difference in prognosis between surgical treatment and radiotherapy, excluding two cases with distant metastasis at initial diagnosis and one case with no treatment. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival showed a significantly better prognosis in patients who underwent surgical treatment (p = 0.0161). Univariate analysis revealed that only primary tumor size was a significant predictor of poor prognosis (p = 0.0426). Conclusion: In patients with STS aged ≥90 years old, aggressive surgical treatment may improve the prognosis more than radiotherapy.
Textos, Etapas, Variantes: o Itinerário da Escritura
Authors: Lopez Telê Porto Ancona
Published: June 2024

Considerações sobre o trabalho com manuscritos e edições, colocando pressupostos da crítica textual e da crítica genética.
Fragmentação, dispersão e segregação: urbanização do meio rural em Bragança Paulista/SP (1970 - 2018)
Authors: Cerejo Lucas Nakamura , Bueno Laura Macho de Mello
Published: June 2024

O espaço urbano como construção social permite uma leitura a partir da influência de diferentes agentes e dos impactos territoriais decorrentes, conforme cada estrato social e sua localização espacial. Este artigo busca apresentar o processo de urbanização dispersa pelo qual o município de Bragança Paulista, localizado próximo às áreas metropolitanas de São Paulo e Campinas, passou nas últimas décadas. Por meio de análise e mapeamento dos parcelamentos aprovados e em licenciamento, destacam-se processos de segregação socioespacial e a naturalidade com que se consolidam. A acelerada urbanização de Bragança se mostra associada à permissividade da legislação municipal que corroborou práticas do mercado imobiliário, promovendo aumento da segregação socioespacial. A partir da análise dos parcelamentos, foram identificados em Bragança padrões observáveis em outras localidades: a ocupação do meio rural ao sul e a comercialização das belezas naturais, assim como a determinação do território ao norte, destinada a classes sociais de menor renda por uma legislação local associada aos interesses mercadológicos.
Lipoprotein(a), Oxidized Phospholipids, and Progression to Symptomatic Heart Failure: The CASABLANCA Study
Authors: Januzzi James L. , van Kimmenade Roland R. J. , Liu Yuxi , Hu Xingdi , Browne Auris , Plutzky Jorge , Tsimikas Sotirios , Blankstein Ron , Natarajan Pradeep
Published: June 2024

Background

Higher lipoprotein(a) and oxidized phospholipid concentrations are associated with increased risk for coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease. The role of lipoprotein(a) or oxidized phospholipid as a risk factor for incident heart failure (HF) or its complications remains uncertain.

Methods and Results

A total of 1251 individuals referred for coronary angiography in the Catheter Sampled Blood Archive in Cardiovascular Diseases (CASABLANCA) study were stratified on the basis of universal definition of HF stage; those in stage A/B (N=714) were followed up for an average 3.7 years for incident stage C/D HF or the composite of HF/cardiovascular death. During follow‐up, 105 (14.7%) study participants in stage A/B progressed to symptomatic HF and 57 (8.0%) had cardiovascular death. In models adjusted for multiple HF risk factors, including severe coronary artery disease and aortic stenosis, individuals with lipoprotein(a) ≥150 nmol/L were at higher risk for progression to symptomatic HF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.90 [95% CI, 1.15–3.13];
P
=0.01) or the composite of HF/cardiovascular death (HR, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.10–2.67];
P
=0.02). These results remained significant after further adjustment of the model to include prior myocardial infarction (HF: HR, 1.89,
P=
0.01; HF/cardiovascular death: HR, 1.68,
P
=0.02). Elevated oxidized phospholipid concentrations were similarly associated with risk, particularly when added to higher lipoprotein(a). In Kaplan‐Meier analyses, individuals with stage A/B HF and elevated lipoprotein(a) had shorter time to progression to stage C/D HF or HF/cardiovascular death (both log‐rank
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Among individuals with stage A or B HF, higher lipoprotein(a) and oxidized phospholipid concentrations are independent risk factors for progression to symptomatic HF or cardiovascular death.

Registration

URL:
https://wwwclinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00842868.