bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redo extended thoracic aortic replacement from aortic root to descending aorta via anterolateral thoracotomy with partial sternotomy for graft infection
Authors: Okada Tasuku , Koda Yojiro , Yamanaka Katsuhiro , Okada Kenji
Published: February 2024

A 59-year-old male underwent Bio-Bentall + total arch replacement with a frozen elephant trunk for acute type A aortic dissection before at another hospital. He was diagnosed as mediastinitis and previous graft infection, followed by wound closure with omental flap installation. However, the recurrent graft infection from the aortic root to the FET in the descending aorta was diagnosed by 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Redo modified Bio-Bentall procedure, total arch replacement, and descending aortic replacement for previous graft infection using anterolateral thoracotomy with partial sternotomy was successfully performed. Anterolateral thoracotomy with partial sternotomy provided not only the excellent exposure from the aortic root to the descending aorta but also sure myocardial protection with antegrade and selective delivery of cold crystalloid cardioplegia and stable brain protection with antegrade selective cerebral perfusion. The patient is doing well without recurrent of infection after 2 years of the operation.
Giant right atrial tumor following catheter ablation
Authors: Wada Takeshi , Hamamoto Hirotsugu , Miyamoto Shinji
Published: February 2024

Background

We report a rare case of a giant right atrial myxoma after catheter ablation.

Case presentation

A 74-year-old man presented with a fever of unknown origin three years after laser catheter ablation. Multimodal imaging revealed a giant tumor located in the right atrium, which was suspected to be malignant. Surgical resection was performed, and pathological examination revealed that the tumor was a myxoma.

Conclusions

Several cardiac myxoma cases after catheter ablation have been reported, suggesting a potential association between myxoma development and catheter ablation-related tissue injury.
Advancements in understanding chicken coccidiosis: from Eimeria biology to innovative control strategies
Authors: Gao Yang , Sun Pei , Hu Dandan , Tang Xinming , Zhang Sixin , Shi Fangyun , Yan Xinlei , Yan Wenchao , Shi Tuanyuan , Wang Si , Zou Jun , Yin Guangwen , Liu Xianyong , Dong Hui , Suo Xun
Published: February 2024

Coccidiosis, an intestinal disease caused by Eimeria protozoan parasites, affects various animal species, and especially poses a significant threat to the poultry industry. The current primary control methods include anticoccidial drugs and vaccines. However, emerging challenges such as drug resistance and vaccine efficacy issues are rooted in the complex life cycle and species diversification of Eimeria. In this review, we first consolidate recent breakthroughs in understanding Eimeria biology, focusing on the parasite development and its intricate interactions with the host, notably its relationships with host immune cells and the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we provide an extensive summary of current control strategies for Eimeria infections. This includes an in-depth analysis of anticoccidial drugs, their mechanisms of resistance, and the increasing utilization of diverse anticoccidial vaccines to combat these challenges. Finally, we highlight the latest innovative strategies leading the way in coccidiosis control. Through an exploration of cutting-edge techniques, we also provide insights into future directions for effectively combating this disease. In conclusion, the future of coccidiosis control lies in the use of a multifaceted approach, integrating advanced biological insights with innovative therapeutic strategies. This review not only serves to enhance our understanding of Eimeria biology but also provides a valuable resource for researchers involved in developing and implementing strategies to manage and control coccidiosis, ensuring the health and productivity of poultry worldwide.
Management of Treatment Resistance in Patients With Advanced Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutated Lung Cancer: Personalization, Parsimony, and Partnership
Authors: Piper Vallillo Andrew J. , Viray Hollis , Feldman Jill , Rangachari Deepa
Published: February 2024

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice.

Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR)–mutated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer represent a distinct subgroup of individuals who can experience initially tolerable and durable effects with first-line EGFR-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Unfortunately, acquired treatment resistance and cancer progression within the CNS are inevitable during the disease course and present a challenging transition in the care continuum. Next-line therapies generally require combinations of drugs and afford nuanced differences in clinical outcomes relative to the treatment experience, toxicity profile, and quality of life. Therapeutic stratification and modulation thus require further personalization and partnership with patients to identify key clinical, molecular, and human-specific factors to best guide optimal care.
Magnesium Supplementation Modulates T-cell Function in People with Type 2 Diabetes and Low Serum Magnesium Levels
Authors: Drenthen Linda C A , Ajie Mandala , de Baaij Jeroen H F , Tack Cees J , de Galan Bastiaan E , Stienstra Rinke
Published: February 2024

Context

Low magnesium levels, which are common in people with type 2 diabetes, are associated with increased levels of proinflammatory molecules. It is unknown whether magnesium supplementation decreases this low-grade inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes.

Objective

We performed multidimensional immunophenotyping to better understand the effect of magnesium supplementation on the immune system of people with type 2 diabetes and low magnesium levels.

Methods

Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-period, crossover study, we compared the effect of magnesium supplementation (15 mmol/day) with placebo on the immunophenotype, including whole blood immune cell counts, T-cell and CD14+ monocyte function after ex vivo stimulation, and the circulating inflammatory proteome.

Results

We included 12 adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (7 males, mean ± SD age 67 ± 7 years, body mass index 31 ± 5 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.5 ± 0.9%) and low magnesium levels (0.73 ± 0.05 mmol/L). Magnesium treatment significantly increased serum magnesium and urinary magnesium excretion compared with placebo. Interferon-γ production from phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin stimulated CD8+ T-cells and T-helper 1 cells, as well as interleukin (IL) 4/IL5/IL13 production from T-helper 2 cells was lower after treatment with magnesium compared with placebo. Magnesium supplementation did not affect immune cell numbers, ex vivo monocyte function, and circulating inflammatory proteins, although we found a tendency for lower high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after magnesium supplementation compared with placebo.

Conclusion

In conclusion, magnesium supplementation modulates the function of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in people with type 2 diabetes and low serum magnesium levels.
24-hour Urine Calcium Predicts Reduced Fracture Incidence and Improved Bone Mineral Density After Surgery for Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Nilsson Martin , Åkesson Kristina E , Thier Mark , Nordenström Erik , Almquist Martin , Bergenfelz Anders
Published: February 2024

Context

Contemporary patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are diagnosed with milder disease than previously. Clinical and biochemical factors predictors with an impact on fracture incidence and bone mineral density after surgery have not been firmly established.

Objective

To investigate predictors of fracture incidence and bone mineral density preoperatively and after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).

Design

Prospectively collected surgical cohort with matched population controls. Data were cross-linked with the Swedish National Patient Register, the Prescribed Drug Register, and the Cause of Death Register.

Setting

Tertiary referral center.

Patients or other participants

Seven hundred nine patients with successful parathyroidectomy for pHPT and 2112 controls matched on sex, age, and municipality were included in the study.

Main outcome measures

Fracture incidence, absolute change, and ≥2.77% increase in bone mineral density of femoral neck, L2–L4, and distal third of radius at 1-year follow-up.

Results

Patients with pHPT had an increased fracture incidence before surgery but not after pHPT surgery. Fracture incidence after surgery was inversely related to preoperative 24-hour urine calcium (incidence rate ratio for the highest tertile 220– mg/d 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.11-0.73). Serum and 24-hour urine calcium, parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, and adenoma weight were all associated with bone mineral density recovery after surgery.

Conclusion

Twenty-four-hour urine calcium is the most important biochemical variable to predict a decreased fracture incidence and improved bone mineral density after surgery for pHPT.
An Orally Efficacious Thyrotropin Receptor Ligand Inhibits Growth and Metastatic Activity of Thyroid Cancers
Authors: Sarkar Rhitajit , Bolel Priyanka , Kapoor Abhijeet , Eliseeva Elena , Dulcey Andrés E , Templin Jay S , Wang Amy Q , Xu Xin , Southall Noel , Klubo-Gwiezdzinska Joanna , Neumann Susanne , Marugan Juan J , Gershengorn Marvin C
Published: February 2024

Context

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (or thyrotropin) receptor (TSHR) could be a selective target for small molecule ligands to treat thyroid cancer (TC).

Objective

We report a novel, orally efficacious ligand for TSHR that exhibits proliferation inhibitory activity against human TC in vitro and in vivo, and inhibition of metastasis in vivo.

Methods

A35 (NCATS-SM4420; NCGC00241808) was selected from a sublibrary of >200 TSHR ligands. Cell proliferation assays including BrdU incorporation and WST-1, along with molecular docking studies were done. In vivo activity of A35 was assessed in TC cell–derived xenograft (CDX) models with immunocompromised (NSG) mice. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of tumor and lung tissues were observed for the extent of cell death and metastasis.

Results

A35 was shown to stimulate cAMP production in some cell types by activating TSHR but not in TC cells, MDA-T32, and MDA-T85. A35 inhibited proliferation of MDA-T32 and MDA-T85 in vitro and in vivo, and pulmonary metastasis of MDA-T85F1 in mice. In vitro, A35 inhibition of proliferation was reduced by a selective TSHR antagonist. Inhibition of CDX tumor growth without decreases in mouse weights and liver function showed A35 to be efficacious without apparent toxicity. Lastly, A35 reduced levels of Ki67 in the tumors and metastatic markers in lung tissues.

Conclusion

We conclude that A35 is a TSHR-selective inhibitor of TC cell proliferation and metastasis, and suggest that A35 may be a promising lead drug candidate for the treatment of differentiated TC in humans.
Effect of Remimazolam Supplementation on Propofol Requirements During Hysteroscopy: A Double-Blind, Dose-Response Study
Authors: Zhou Yan-Hong , Li Shu-Xi , Li Lin , Deng Chun-Mei , Shen Jian-Jun , Wang Dong-Xin , Chen Xin-Zhong , Xu Li-Li
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Propofol is commonly used for procedural sedation but may increase side effects in a dose-dependent manner. Remimazolam, an ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine, has been approved for procedural sedation but may delay awakening. This study tested the hypothesis that remimazolam as a supplement reduces effect-site propofol concentration (Ceprop) required to suppress response to cervical dilation in patients undergoing hysteroscopy.

METHODS:

One hundred and fifty patients who were scheduled for hysteroscopy were randomized to receive 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, or 0.2 mg·kg–1 intravenous remimazolam, followed by a bolus of sufentanil 0.15 μg⋅kg–1, and a target-controlled propofol infusion. The initial target Ceprop was 3.5 μg·mL–1 and was increased or decreased in subsequent patients by steps of 0.5 μg·mL–1 according to whether there was loss of response to cervical dilation in the previous patient. We used up-down sequential analysis to determine values of Ceprop that suppressed response to cervical dilation in 50% of patients (EC50).

RESULTS:

The EC50 of propofol for suppressing response to cervical dilation was lower in patients given 0.1 mg·kg–1 (2.08 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.88–2.28] μg·mL–1), 0.15 mg⋅kg–1 (1.83 [1.56–2.10] μg·mL–1), and 0.2 mg⋅kg–1 (1.43 [1.27–1.58] μg·mL–1) remimazolam than those given 0 mg⋅kg–1 (3.67 [3.49–3.86] μg·mL–1) or 0.05 mg⋅kg–1 (3.47 [3.28–3.67] μg·mL–1) remimazolam (all were P < .005). Remimazolam at doses of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mg·kg–1 decreased EC50 of propofol by 43.3% (95% CI, 41.3%–45.5%), 50.3% (48.0%–52.8%), and 61.2% (58.7%–63.8%), respectively, from baseline (remimazolam 0 mg⋅kg–1). Propofol consumption was lower in patients given 0.1 mg⋅kg–1 (4.15 [3.51–5.44] mg·kg–1), 0.15 mg⋅kg–1 (3.54 [3.16–4.46] mg·kg–1), and 0.2 mg⋅kg–1 (2.74 [1.73–4.01] mg·kg–1) remimazolam than those given 0 mg⋅kg–1 (6.09 [4.99–7.35] mg·kg–1) remimazolam (all were P < .005). Time to anesthesia emergence did not differ significantly among the 5 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

For women undergoing hysteroscopic procedures, remimazolam at doses from 0.1 to 0.2 mg·kg–1 reduced the EC50 of propofol inhibiting response to cervical dilation and the total propofol requirement. Whether the combination could improve perioperative outcomes deserves further investigation.
Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsy and Vocal Cord Paralysis After Pulmonary Lobectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Saito Yukiko , Motoyasu Akira , Tokumine Joho , Kinjo Sakura , Nakazawa Harumasa , Moriyama Kiyoshi , Yorozu Tomoko
Published: February 2024

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is a rare peripheral neurological disorder that manifests with increased sensitivity to pressure. In people with this disorder, the peripheral nerves are unusually sensitive to pressure. Minor trauma or compression causing paralysis in the extremities is a hallmark of this disorder. Ensuring there is no pressure on the extremities is recommended as a preventive measure. We describe for the first time, postoperative vocal cord paralysis in a patient with HNPP due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Anesthesiologists and surgeons should be aware of this possible complication in patients with HNPP.
Streaming Music, Streaming Capital
Authors: Drott Eric
Published: February 2024

In Streaming Music, Streaming Capital, Eric Drott analyzes the political economy of online music streaming platforms. Attentive to the way streaming has reordered the production, circulation, and consumption of music, Drott examines key features of this new musical economy, including the roles played by data collection, playlisting, new methods of copyright enforcement, and the calculation of listening metrics. Yet because streaming underscores how uneasily music sits within existing regimes of private property, its rise calls for a broader reconsideration of music’s complex and contradictory relation to capitalism. Drott's analysis is not simply a matter of how music is formatted in line with dominant measures of economic value; equally important is how music eludes such measures, a situation that threatens to reduce music to a cheap, abundant resource. By interrogating the tensions between streaming’s benefits and pitfalls, Drott sheds light on music’s situation within digital capitalism, from growing concentrations of monopoly power and music’s use in corporate surveillance to issues of musical value, labor, and artist pay.
General Versus Nongeneral Anesthesia for Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Chronic Subdural Hematomas: Multicenter Propensity Score Matched Study
Authors: Salem Mohamed M. , Sioutas Georgios S. , Khalife Jane , Kuybu Okkes , Caroll Kate , Nguyen Hoang Alex , Baig Ammad A. , Salih Mira , Khorasanizadeh Mirhojjat , Baker Cordell , Mendez Aldo A. , Cortez Gustavo , Abecassis Zachary A. , Rodriguez Juan F. Ruiz , Davies Jason M. , Narayanan Sandra , Cawley C. Michael , Riina Howard A. , Moore Justin M. , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Khalessi Alexander A. , Howard Brian M. , Hanel Ricardo , Tanweer Omar , Tonetti Daniel A. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Lang Michael J. , Levy Elad I. , Kan Peter , Jovin Tudor , Grandhi Ramesh , Srinivasan Visish M. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Gross Bradley A. , Jankowitz Brian T. , Thomas Ajith J. , Levitt Michael R. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The choice of anesthesia type (general anesthesia [GA] vs nongeneral anesthesia [non-GA]) in middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) procedures for chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH) differs between institutions and left to care team discretion given lack of standard guidelines. We compare the outcomes of GA vs non-GA in MMAE.

METHODS:

Consecutive patients receiving MMAE for cSDH at 14 North American centers (2018-2023) were included. Clinical, cSDH characteristics, and technical/clinical outcomes were compared between the GA/non-GA groups. Using propensity score matching (PSM), patients were matched controlling for age, baseline modified Rankin Scale, concurrent/prior surgery, hematoma thickness/midline shift, and baseline antiplatelet/anticoagulation. The primary end points included surgical rescue and radiographic success rates (≥50% reduction in maximum hematoma thickness with minimum 2 weeks of imaging). Secondary end points included technical feasibility, procedural complications, and functional outcomes.

RESULTS:

Seven hundred seventy-eight patients (median age 73 years, 73.2% male patients) underwent 956 MMAE procedures, 667 (70.4%) were non-GA and 280 were GA (29.6%). After running 1:3 PSM algorithm, this resulted in 153 and 296 in the GA and non-GA groups, respectively. There were no baseline/procedural differences between the groups except radial access more significantly used in the non-GA group (P = .001). There was no difference between the groups in procedural technical feasibility, complications rate, length of stay, surgical rescue rates, or favorable functional outcome at the last follow-up. Subsequent 1:1 sensitivity PSM retained the same results. Bilateral MMAE procedures were more performed under non-GA group (75.8% vs 67.2%; P = .01); no differences were noted in clinical/radiographic outcomes between bilateral vs unilateral MMAE, except for longer procedure duration in the bilateral group (median 73 minutes [IQR 48.3-100] vs 54 minutes [39-75]; P < .0001). Another PSM analysis comparing GA vs non-GA in patients undergoing stand-alone MMAE retained similar associations.

CONCLUSION:

We found no significant differences in radiological improvement/clinical outcomes between GA and non-GA for MMAE.
Η θέση του λεμφαδένα φρουρού όπως εκφράζεται από τις ομάδες των μασχαλιαίων λεμφαδένων
Authors: Καραμπελιάς Βασίλειος
Published: February 2024

Η ταχεία βιοψία είναι μια συνήθης πρακτική που είναι ιδιαίτερα χρήσιμη στην εκτίμηση της κατάστασης των φρουρών λεμφαδένων στον καρκίνο του μαστού και έτσι, μπορεί να καθορίσει την ανάγκη για μασχαλιαίο καθαρισμό. Οι ταχείες βιοψίες έχουν σαφή μειονεκτήματα: (α) το κόστος, (β) την αβεβαιότητα για τα αποτελέσματα που παρέχουν, ειδικά σε περιπτώσεις με ογκόμορφες αλλοιώσεις μαστού, όπου η κυτταρολογική μελέτη και η μελέτη τομών παραφίνης είναι προτιμότερες, αλλά και σε κακοήθεις προβληματικές αλλοιώσεις του μαστού (σκληρυντική αδένωση, άτυπη υπερπλασία πόρων κ.α.) που πρέπει να μελετώνται μόνο σε μόνιμες τομές παραφίνης πριν τεθεί η τελική διάγνωση (Schwan, 1981), σε λεμφαδένες σε περιπτώσεις που ο χειρουργός προσπαθεί να εντοπίσει την πρωτοπαθή εστία (Silva and Kraemer, 1987) σε αγγειοβριθή κοκκιωματώδη ιστό με την παρουσία άτυπων ινοβλαστών και ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων που μπορεί να μιμηθεί διηθητικό καρκίνωμα, σε αλλοιώσεις που προέρχονται από ακτινοθεραπεία.
Μελέτη ανάδειξης του ρόλου της υπερθερμίας στην επίδραση ενίσχυσης της στοχευμένης θεραπείας του καρκίνου του παχέος εντέρου σε in vitro ανθρώπινα κυτταρικά συστήματα
Authors: Πετράκης Γεώργιος
Published: February 2024

Σκοπός: Ο καρκίνος του παχέος εντέρου είναι ένας από τους συχνότερους τύπους κακοήθειας παγκοσμίως. Παρά τη βελτίωση των σημερινών θεραπειών, το ποσοστό 5ετούς συνολικής επιβίωσης εξακολουθεί να είναι χαμηλό, ιδίως για τη μεταστατική μορφή της νόσου. Από την άλλη πλευρά, η υπερθερμία έχει αξιοποιηθεί ως θεραπευτική προσέγγιση του καρκίνου για τη βελτίωση της συνολικής θεραπευτικής αποτελεσματικότητας. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, είχαμε ως στόχο να αναπτύξουμε ένα βελτιστοποιημένο πρωτόκολλο υπερθερμίας έναντι ενός in vitro μοντέλου ανθρώπινου καρκινώματος του παχέος εντέρου, ως μεμονωμένη ή και επικουρική θεραπευτική προσέγγιση. Υλικά και μέθοδοι: Χρησιμοποιήσαμε ένα in vitro μοντέλο ανθρώπινου καρκινώματος του παχέος εντέρου που αποτελείται από κυτταρικές σειρές καρκινώματος του παχέος εντέρου (HT29, CaCo2) και φυσιολογικού επιθηλίου του παχέος εντέρου (CCD841CoN). Τα κύτταρα εκτέθηκαν στους 45o C, επί 120 λεπτά, παρουσία ή απουσία χημειοθεραπευτικών (5-Fluorouracil, Capecitabine) και στοχευμένων φαρμάκων (Bevacizumab, Cetuximab). Τα επίπεδα βιωσιμότητας των κυττάρων προσδιορίστηκαν με τη δοκιμασία Alamar-blue, ενώ ο προσδιορισμός του κυτταρικού θανάτου, της παραγωγής δραστικών ειδών οξυγόνου (ROS), των επιπέδων εκπόλωσης της μιτοχονδριακής μεμβράνης και της εξέλιξης του κυτταρικού κύκλου πραγματοποιήθηκε με κυτταρομετρία ροής. Αποτελέσματα: Τα κύτταρα CaCo2 και HT29 παρουσίασαν διαφορετική απόκριση ως προς i) την κυτταρική βιωσιμότητα, ii) τον κυτταρικό θάνατο, iii) τα επίπεδα ROS καθώς και την κατανομή του κυτταρικού κύκλου, παρουσία υπερθερμίας μόνο (μονοθεραπεία) ή σε συνδυασμό με τα προαναφερθέντα φάρμακα (επικουρική θεραπεία). Τέλος, τα φυσιολογικά επιθηλιακά κύτταρα του παχέος εντέρου (CCD841CoN) παρέμειναν ελάχιστα επηρεασμένα. Συμπεράσματα: Αναπτύξαμε ένα βελτιστοποιημένο πειραματικό πρωτόκολλο υπερθερμικής έκθεσης ως μια πολλά υποσχόμενη προσέγγιση μονοθεραπείας ή και επικουρικής θεραπείας για μια αποτελεσματικότερη κλινική αντιμετώπιση ασθενών με καρκίνωμα του παχέος εντέρου.
Factors associated with the intention of telehealth service utilization among Bangladeshi people: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kabir Humayun , Hasan Md. Kamrul , Akter Nahida , Marma U Swai Ching , Alam Tohidul , Tutul Ariful Haque , Biswas Lila , Ara Rawshan , Mitra Dipak Kumar
Published: February 2024

Background Telehealth is comprised of telecommunications and electronic information systems to support and maintain long-distance healthcare services. Although it has not been thoroughly explored, the intention of using the service among the general public is critical to its success. We investigated the factors associated with the intention to utilize telehealth services among the general population of Bangladesh. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between May 22, 2021 and June 15, 2021 in Bangladesh, where the total number of participants was 1038. The Pearson chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to examine the unadjusted relationship between the explanatory variables and the intention to use telehealth services. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to determine the adjusted association. Shapiro-Wilk tests were used to check the normality of continuous data. Data were processed and analyzed by software STATA-16. Results The probability of utilizing the service increased significantly with increasing knowledge, perceived benefit, and predisposition levels among respondents. However, when perceived concern increased, the likelihood of utilizing the service dropped significantly. Age, marital status, educational status, profession, residence, and perceived health status were significantly associated with the participants’ intention to utilize the telehealth service. Conclusions The influencing aspects of telehealth service utilization should be recognized by the respective authorities. Possible activities to enhance usability among people are also recommended.
Understanding Lenders’ Investment Behavior in Online Peer-to-Peer Lending: A Construal Level Theory Perspective
Authors: Wu Yi , Ke Weiling , Li Yuelei , Lin Zhijie , Tan Yong
Published: February 2024

This study explores the decision-making process in online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, a rapidly growing source of fixed income for investors. We examine how lenders’ bidding amounts are influenced by interest rates and psychological distance, which is determined by the borrower’s demographic attributes. Our findings, based on data from a popular Chinese P2P lending platform, reveal that geographic distance decreases bidding amounts, indicating a home bias effect. Conversely, social distance increases bidding amounts, suggesting a social distance effect. Interestingly, both types of psychological distance amplify the positive impact of interest rates on bidding amounts. Four controlled experiments further validate these relationships. This research not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of P2P lending but also offers practical insights for policymaking in the high-risk financial context.
Moral or Lawful? When Legal Constraints Reverse the Motivational Benefits of Moral Considerations
Authors: Kundro Timothy G. , Croitoru Natalie , Helgason Beth Anne
Published: February 2024

Nearly every employee is subject to some form of legal requirement as a function of their work. Laws are often implemented by authorities to ensure that employees and organizations engage in ethical and moral conduct at work. Importantly, acting in a moral manner is linked to benefits for employees, increasing intrinsic motivation that facilitates high levels of proactive behavior. Yet, employees increasingly face situations where laws or regulations conflict with what they perceive as morally appropriate (i.e., legal constraints on moral behavior), which we argue instead have negative consequences for employees. Combining insights from the literature on motivation and moral foundations theory, we propose that when employees face legal constraints on moral behavior, they feel less intrinsically motivated, leading them to engage in less proactive behavior. We further predict that legal constraints are less damaging when employees perceive them as necessary versus unnecessary evils. We test our model across three complementary studies: a field study of employees from a company in a heavily regulated industry and two preregistered experiments.
The Creation of the Information Infrastructure of the Labor Market is a Necessary Condition for the Effectiveness of the Vocational Education System in Ukraine
Authors:   Public organization ", Okhremenko S. ,   Professional Market"
Published: February 2024

An analysis of the economic reasons for the insufficient efficiency of the system of vocational education and its interaction with the labor market in Ukraine was carried out, a list of organizational measures to increase its efficiency, proposed by educational officials and scientists, was considered. The impossibility of their effective implementation without transformation of the institutions of the labor market of Ukraine itself is substantiated. The reasons for the inefficiency of the labor market of Ukraine are identified and considered. The need is substantiated: 1) state intervention in the transformation of labor market institutions; 2) implementation of a system of organizational and economic-legal measures to transform the labor market by developing its information infrastructure to significantly reduce its transaction costs in order to increase the efficiency of the labor market and the vocational education system.
The World Experience of Post-War Recovery: the Dialectic of Implementation and Adaptation in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Liashenko V. , Chebotarov Iе. ,   University of Lodz, Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The post-war recovery policy of Ukraine, the development of which takes on the characteristics of one of the most important prerequisites for ensuring national economic security, its epistemological premise contains a generalization of the experience of other countries that faced similar civilizational challenges. The purpose of the article is to understand the initial basic institutional and organizational management principles of the Marshall Plan and the experience of the postwar development of the countries of Western Europe, the Indo-Pacific subregion, the Middle East, the Western Balkans, and Georgia in order to determine the conditions and prospects for adapting their approaches and mechanisms in Ukraine in the context further development of the foundations of the state policy of post-war reconstruction. At the same time, the definition of the original category "state policy of post-war economic recovery" of Ukraine in a limited sense can be stated as follows. This is a set of basic theoretical provisions, organizational and management measures and regulatory mechanisms aimed at ensuring the socio-economic development of the country in post-war conditions. Based on a combination of institutional, economic, scientific and technical, nature protection, and purely military features, it is recognized that it is especially necessary to take into account the experience of the following countries and subregions: West Germany, Great Britain, France, and Italy, as the countries - the largest recipients of the "Marshall Plan"; countries of the Indo-Pacific subregion (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam), based on their special scientific and technological achievements; Israel - taking into account a number of similar features of Ukraine with it regarding the vital activities of the state and society at the post-war stage; countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro) based on the common problems of Ukraine in the context of implementation of the European integration course; Georgia - based on a set of common institutional and military conditions. Summarizing the experience of post-war recovery on the example of these ten countries and the Western Balkans subregion for more than seventy-five years following the Second World War and seven more local wars, made it possible to determine the essential content of those characteristics of recovery measures, the adaptation of which is useful for Ukraine, and those characteristics that Ukraine should not assume.
Regarding the Issue of Institutional Support of Public-Private Partnership in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Petrova I.
Published: February 2024

In the context of post-war economic recovery, the problem of institutional support for public-private partnership (PPP) acquires strategic importance. The implementation of the principles of «build back better» and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals are becoming the main tasks for which the PPP is a key tool. International organizations and scientists actively support this approach in Ukraine, but the success of its implementation in post-war conditions is conditioned by effective institutional support. The concept of institutional support for public-private partnership consists in creating conditions and mechanisms that regulate the interaction between the public and private sectors for the joint solution of tasks and the achievement of common goals. It includes a strategic block (development of long-term PPP development strategies that take into account the interests of both parties and define common goals and objectives; sectoral plans for the development of public-private partnerships and regional and municipal PPP development plans); normative and legal block (development of clear and stable legislative norms and normative acts that regulate the conditions of participation of public and private partners, their rights and obligations, as well as mechanisms for resolving controversial issues); organizational unit (creation of relevant organizations or committees responsible for planning, management and control of PPP projects); financial block (definition of financing tools for joint PPP projects and mechanisms for the distribution of financial resources between the public and private sectors); information block (creation of communication mechanisms, promotion of trust and cooperation between sectors for effective interaction). The developed concept of institutional support of the PPP includes a system of norms, mechanisms and tools that regulate the interaction of the public and private sectors. Prerequisites, including the state of public finances, political conditions and others, which must be taken into account to ensure the effectiveness of the PPP in the conditions of post-war economic recovery, are specified. These challenges require adequate institutional support for the successful implementation of public-private partnerships in a renewable economic environment.
Evaluation of the Smart City Model from the Position of Sustainable Development of Territories
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Radchenko K.
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the article is reinforced by the rapid development of smart cities, which, in turn, requires the development of a comprehensive strategy for evaluating this city management model. Considering the lack of a single approach to smart grid assessment in foreign practice, the actual lack of widespread use of monitoring tools in Ukraine, the author focuses on the systematization of the main approaches to smart city assessment, covering those inherent in measuring sustainable development as such, as well as those used in the context of the smart city. In addition to considering the features of certain evaluation indicators and practical cases, the author's classification of indicators is provided, a number of principles of human-centric and sustainable smart city evaluation are proposed. Recommendations for the development of a smart city evaluation system in Ukraine, as a system of key components, are provided. Given that the smart city model is promising for the recovery of Ukraine, the obtained results are appropriate for use in the process of developing strategies for the recovery of cities.
Innovative Technological Support for Optimization of Logistics Values
Authors:   National Aviation University, Grytsenko S. , Glushchenko S. ,   National Aviation University, Shulga A. ,   National Aviation University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the research of innovative and technological provision of optimization of logistics values, focused on using the potential of transport and logistics clusters and technologies of intelligent transport systems. The use of innovative technologies in logistics, in particular the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, automa-tion, is proposed in the innovative technological provision of optimization of logistics values. Key technological trends and their influence on the optimization of logistics processes are analyzed. The article highlights examples of successful implementation of innovations in logistics, identifies challenges associated with these technological transformations, and emphasizes the role of inno-vations in increasing the productivity and competitiveness of logistics systems. Attention is also paid to reducing costs due to the use of innovations. The article substantiates the challenges and opportunities associated with innovations in logistics, such as cyber security, regulation and the need to adapt business models for the successful integration of the latest technologies, risk management.
Service / Partnership Marketing in the Digital Economy
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Taranich A. , Pelekhtskiy D. ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University
Published: February 2024

The paper reveals the features of affiliate marketing on the Internet as a component of marketing services / partnerships, taking into account the development of the digital economy, considers the types and directions of application of affiliate marketing, systems and methods of paying for partner services, gives examples of successful deployment of partner programs and their economic performance. The purpose of the work involves the disclosure of the features of the use of marketing services in the context of digitalization and the formation of partnerships in the orientation of traditional channels for the distribution of goods and services via the Internet of Things. To achieve this goal, in solving problems, general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical research were used: a review of scientific literature on the topic of research, terminological, statistical analysis, the method of comparative analysis and synthesis. Recommendations for the development of affiliate networks using affiliate marketing as the main product and business diversification through affiliate marketing have been identified.
The Use of Project Management as an Innovative and Environmental Approach in the System of Training Specialists in Economics and Management of the Scientific and Technical Sphere
Authors:   Odessa State Environmental University, Kramskyi S. , Hutsaliuk O. ,   Private Institution of Higher Education "Rauf Ablyazov East European University", Abliazova N. ,   Private Institution of Higher Education "Rauf Ablyazov East European University", Maltsev M. ,   Private Institution of Higher Education "Rauf Ablyazov East European University"
Published: February 2024

Today, in the global economic crisis and the transformation of the Covid/SARS-19 pandemic (strains), the issues of development and functioning of distance student learning by higher education institutions are relevant in time. The crisis of Covid-19, in addition to the global pandemic, has dealt a devastating blow to the economy of higher education institutions, they have suffered the most financially. Insufficient level of research, imperfect organizational structure and organization of management of scientific and scientific-technical activities in higher education institutions necessitate revision and improvement of the existing system of research project management in higher education institutions with specific learning conditions. The authors of the study substantiate the method of distribution of research projects among research teams of the educational institution, which takes into account not only staffing and workload of performers, but also has a mechanism for evaluating the successful implementation of the project in the overall portfolio of research projects. A method of assessing the scientific potential of scientific and pedagogical departments of the institution was developed, which in addition to the trivial emphasis on the personnel component takes into account the level of security of the project. It is possible to assess both static and dynamic components of the scientific potential of higher education institutions, as an indicator of sustainability and development of the organization, taking into account the personal achievements of employees of higher education institutions. Economic method of distribution of the bonus fund of employees based on the results of research projects in higher education institutions, as an additional motivational lever to influence a specific project. The authors have identified as an additional motivational tool, developed a method of distribution of the bonus fund based on the results of research projects in higher education, which allows to take into account the personal contribution of executors, project team, necessary resources in conditions of uncertainty. The mechanism of stimulation in the conditions of specific restrictions allows to improve the system of rewarding of the educational personnel, and to differentiate the scientific personnel with use of means of project management.
Enhancement or impoverishment? Algorithmic management and ‘distance’ education during the pandemic
Authors: Armano Emiliana , Cavazzini Andrea , Maccarone Rosanna
Published: February 2024

This article aims to develop some interpretative hypotheses on the transformation of education that digitalisation and neoliberalism have brought about in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We draw on changes in the Italian education system to outline the general, structural trend. In order to illustrate how transformations in the education system can be viewed as a process of capitalist valorisation, we present the insights offered by a set of contemporary workerist enquiries and use the theoretical concepts of ‘hyperindustrialisation’ and ‘hybridisation’, drawn also from the research work of Romano Alquati. Our conclusions show how work in education can be reconceptualised in relation to the general process of digital socialisation and its contradictions: we unveil hidden sides of the platformisation of education and provide a disenchanted view of digital solutionism.
EdTech-mediated outsourcing and casualisation of academic labour
Authors: Ivancheva Mariya , Courtois Aline
Published: February 2024

Located at the intersection of scholarship on critical higher education (HE), the casualisation of the academic workforce and studies of digitalisation and online platforms in Higher Education (HE), this article examines the impact of online programme management companies (OPMs) on academic labour. OPMs partner with universities to provide core teaching functions while relying on the labour of increasingly casualised, often outsourced academics. We use a composite case study to illustrate how OPMs work in partnerships with universities to reorganise academic work. We discuss this model vis-a-vis the theoretical concepts in the digital HE, platform labour and sociology of work literature, elaborating on how the new forms of casualised labour in HE undergo real subsumption by technology-mediated programmes operated by OPMs. On this foundation, we discuss the possible implications and draw out questions for future research and trade union activity, two arenas where, we argue, more attention needs to be paid urgently to casualisation and the outsourcing of teaching through digital platform-mediated programmes.
Employment regulation as the warm house for neoliberalism? Comparing higher education in France and the UK
Authors: Connolly Heather , Stewart Paul
Published: February 2024

In this article we consider the assumption that representative institutions within the workplace, like such as those existing in France, allow for a sustainable opposition to the employer. The article draws on data from a comparative employment relations project exploring variants of the institutionalisation of labour and the space for alternative forms of engagement with capital. We draw on data and casework in higher education institutions in France and the UK (2017–22). The article elaborates Ross and Savage’s (2021) thesis regarding the formation and trajectory of the neoliberal university, while adding to their prognosis reflections on the consequences of marketisation, especially with regard to social partner institutions and the scope and potential of collective forms of action in a neoliberal environment. Of particular note is Ross and Savage’s argument that the neoliberal university is characterised by varying patterns of work fragmentation, labour intensification and actor-internalised pressure to conform. Ironically, what seems possible is that the closer regulatory employment relations environment in the French context provides a warmer, less unstable, environment for neoliberal educational practices than is the case in the UK. In a story that also addresses labour domination and opposition, we frame the experience of labour in France as inclusionary-subordination/exclusionary-incorporation and in the UK, exclusionary-subordination/inclusionary-incorporation.
Die Marionette als somnambuler Bewusstseinszustand bei Edward G. Craig und Heinrich v. Kleist
Authors: Brucher Rosemarie
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Der Aufsatz untersucht den Einfluss von psychowissenschaftlichen Theorien zu Zuständen nicht-bewusster Intelligenz auf Heinrich von Kleists Schrift „Über das Marionettentheater“ (1810) und Edward Gordon Craigs Text „The Actor and the Über-Marionette“ (1908). Im Fokus der Analyse stehen Phänomene der Bewusstseinsspaltung, wie sie etwa im Somnambulismus, aber auch in Zuständen der Trance bzw. der Hypnose zu Tage treten und prinzipiell als Formen des Halbbewusstseins verstanden werden können. Dabei argumentiere ich, dass sowohl Kleists als auch Craigs Favorisierung der (Über-)Marionette gegenüber darstellenden Künstler*innen ihre ideale Entsprechung in der im 19. Jahrhundert überaus populären Figur der Somnambul*in findet. Denn diese ist zeitgenössischen Zuschreibungen zufolge durch alle Vorzüge der Marionette gekennzeichnet, wie beispielsweise Passivität, Empfänglichkeit oder Identitätslosigkeit, ohne dabei jedoch nur ein lebloser Gegenstand zu sein. Kleist und Craig bereiten damit in einer Zeitspanne von einem Jahrhundert die Bühne für eine künstlerische Exploration des Unbewussten.
Wie sich das Sozialprofil des Theaterpublikums seit den 1950er Jahren verändert hat. Eine Analyse am Beispiel des Staatstheaters Darmstadt, 1950–2018
Authors: Reuband Karl-Heinz
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Die frühesten Umfragen mit Fragen zum Theaterbesuch wurden in Deutschland 1950 in Darmstadt und vier Nachbargemeinden durchgeführt. Basis waren repräsentative Befragungen der Bevölkerung. Die Sekundäranalyse unter Rückgriff auf den Originaldatensatz zeigt, dass das Staatstheater Darmstadt in diesen Jahren überproportional von jüngeren Altersgruppen besucht wurde. Umfragen mehr als 50 Jahre später, in den Jahren 2006 bis 2018, zeigen demgegenüber, dass der Theaterbesuch in Darmstadt überproportional unter den Älteren verbreitet ist. Während 1950 die Verbreitung des Theaterbesuches mit steigendem Alter abnahm, verhält es sich heutzutage umgekehrt. Darmstadt stellt in dieser Hinsicht keine Ausnahme dar. Untersuchungen aus Köln weisen in die gleiche Richtung. Die Befunde aus den 1950er Jahren legen nahe, dass die Überrepräsentation Jüngerer im Theaterpublikum der 1960er und 1970er Jahre keine atypische Ausnahmesituation abbildet, sondern als Teil eines längerfristigen Trends zu begreifen ist, der eine Neustrukturierung der Altersbeziehung kultureller Partizipation bewirkte.
Mimicry as Resistance and the Aesthetics of Genocide Memory in Namibia
Authors: Maedza Pedzisai
Published: February 2024

Abstract: German colonization of lands and people in what is today known as Namibiawas consolidated by a war of conquest led by General Adrian Dietrich Lothar von Trotha. From 1904 to 1908, German forces and the indigenous population fought a war that ended in what has been dubbed the first German genocide of the twentieth century. This “forgotten” war and genocide left an estimated 80 % of the Herero and 50 % of the Nama population dead. Using the annual Red Flag Day commemorations as a case study, this account argues that Herero communities have developed distinct public performance practices to remember, commemorate, contest, and transmit the memory of this genocide. This account suggests that Red Flag Day can be read and understood as a cultural performance, which represents and shapes the memory of the past and the community’s relationship with the genocide.