bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Camping Empire
Authors: Borowski Devon J.
Published: January 2025

In 1781 William Thomas Beckford (1760–1844) inherited a vast colonial fortune built on West Indian sugar and slavery. To mark the occasion, his guardians commissioned a cantata from Venanzio Rauzzini (with words by Girolamo Tonioli) and enlisted the renowned castrati Gasparo Pacchierotti and Giusto Ferdinando Tenducci to perform it. More than a simple panegyric, Il tributo was a thinly veiled attempt at “straightening out” the young man’s perceived effeminacy and his apathy over the business of empire, qualities that were all the more problematic in light of his white West Indian ancestry. The performance of Il tributo, I argue, was a critical moment of social initiation in which cultural norms and structures relating to English masculinity were reinforced and ultimately destabilized.

This article unravels the threads between Beckford’s auditory intimacy with the castrato voice and his tenuous hold on the signifiers of Englishness. It takes Il tributo as the point of departure for exploring voice, race, and empire in late eighteenth-century Britain, imagining Beckford’s experience of listening to Il tributo as a practice of Camp, through which he sought to negotiate his place within the British Empire. “Camp” here refers to the sensibility glossed by Susan Sontag in 1964 as a quality of failed seriousness under extravagant circumstances, though its roots are bound up with eighteenth-century Britain’s global-colonial ambitions. What I term “Camp aurality” was the result of Beckford’s fixation with the castrato voice, or melophilia, and had the power to dethrone the cantata’s moral seriousness. While the performance of Il tributo ultimately failed to enforce imperial proscriptions regarding race and sex, it remains an ambivalent but instructive sonic artifact of the British planter class at the summit of its power.
User Experience Evaluation of BPOM Mobile Application Using User Experience Questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion Method
Authors: Muthmainnah Afifah , Devi Ajeng Efrilianda
Published: January 2025

The Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) as a government agency has developed the BPOM Mobile application to make it easier for the public to check the safety of drug and food products in circulation. From the research results, several user experience problems were found on BPOM Mobile, especially in the scan product feature. User experience evaluation needs to be carried out to measure the comfort felt by the user and determine the user's level of understanding of the application being used. This research aims to evaluate the user experience on BPOM Mobile using the User Experience Questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion methods. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling which was based on the criteria of public users who had used the scan product feature and were 18-25 years old and had a sample size based on the User Experience Questionnaire guidelines of 30 people. Respondents were 6 users who were willing to do a Focus Group Discussion exploring perceptions and problems in detail related to 6 aspects of the User Experience Questionnaire and aspects of visual aesthetics. The research results show that the BPOM Mobile application currently has a neutral user experience score on the attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, and novelty scales and a positive user experience score on the stimulation scale. Based on the Focus Group Discussion, 20 negative perceptions and problems were found, with details of 2 perceptions and problems of attractiveness, 3 perceptions and problems of perspicuity, 4 perceptions and problems of efficiency, 5 perceptions and problems of dependability, 1 perception and problem of novelty, and 5 perceptions and problems of visual aesthetics, while stimulation obtained 1 positive perception. The problems obtained were corrected through a prototype and resulted in positive user experience values in all aspects.
Analysis of Factors Affecting The Sustainability of Using Online Loan Applications Using The Information System Success Model and Expectation Confirmation Model
Authors: Hutahaean Kevin Tito , Endang Sugiharti
Published: January 2025

The rapid digitization of financial services has spurred the growth of cashless lending systems, with online lending emerging as a prominent method for individuals and businesses to access funds. This trend is driven by the ease of loan application through online platforms and the challenges associated with traditional bank loans. However, online loans often come with higher interest rates compared to conventional banks, raising concerns about users' long-term engagement with these platforms. This study investigates the factors influencing the continuance intention of users in utilizing online loan applications. Employing a quantitative approach, the research integrates the Information System Success Model (ISSM) and the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) to examine 13 variables across 24 hypotheses. Data was collected via Google Forms, distributed through social media, targeting individuals aged 17 to 55 in Indonesia who had previously applied for online loans. After rigorous data screening, 227 valid responses were analyzed using SmartPLS. The findings revealed that out of the 13 variables, use, satisfaction, and debt attitudes significantly influence continuance intention, while other factors like perceived usefulness and impulsive buying were less impactful. Future studies should explore a broader respondent base and incorporate variables such as interest rates and urgency to provide a more comprehensive understanding of users' continued use of online loan applications.
As traducións en castelán d’As crónicas do Sochantre
Authors: Dasilva Fernández Xosé Manuel
Published: January 2025

O obxectivo fundamental deste artigo é examinar as versións en castelán d’As crónicas do Sochantre, a segunda novela en galego de Álvaro Cunqueiro, a cal nunca autotraduciu a diferenza doutros títulos. Tras a reconstrución do proceso de creación da obra, analízase a tradución realizada por Francisco Fernández del Riego, a finais dos anos cincuenta, por encargo de Cunqueiro. Seguidamente, considérase a versión impulsada nos últimos tempos por Ediciones 98, na que participou o fillo do escritor. De modo complementario, abórdanse os conceptos de suposta autotradución, tradución alógrafa con colaboración do autor, tradución autorizada e retradución en relación concretamente con estas dúas traducións d’As crónicas do Sochantre.
A iconografia da Revolução dos Cravos: capas de obras de literatura para a infância e a juventude publicadas em datas comemorativas*
Authors: Azevedo Fernando Fraga de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho investiga a representação visual da iconografia da Revolução dos Cravos em capas de obras de literatura para a infância e a juventude publicadas em datas comemorativas, explorando a sua evolução e impacto na perceção e valores associados à Revolução. A pesquisa responde a uma lacuna identificada na revisão de literatura: a reduzida existência de estudos consagrados em exclusivo à análise e interpretação visual de capas de literatura para a infância e a juventude. O objetivo geral deste estudo é conhecer e compreender os elementos iconográficos que remetem para a Revolução dos Cravos nas capas de obras de literatura para a infância e a juventude. A metodologia seguida é qualitativa, de natureza observacional, centrando-se na análise visual e interpretativa das capas das obras referidas. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam que à medida que a distância face ao acontecimento histórico aumenta, os símbolos da Revolução tendem a ser singelamente apresentados, permanecendo, todavia, determinados valores considerados fundacionais: a liberdade, a alegria, a democracia. A receção destes textos pelas gerações mais jovens acredita-se que as ajudará a aprender sobre o valor da liberdade, tanto em sentido literal quanto metafórico, e sobre como a organização visual pode transmitir mensagens poderosas.
Impiedad rusa a través de dos cuentos de Emilia Pardo Bazán.
Authors: Rodríguez Garabatos Blanca Paula
Published: January 2025

La condesa de Bardo Bazán (1851-1921) es una de las figuras más importantes de la cultura decimonónica europea. Su curiosidad insaciable la llevó a explorar múltiples áreas del saber, convirtiéndose en especialista de todo aquello sobre lo que estudiaba. Su erudición inmensa y admirable, hizo de ella un referente que, no obstante, fue objeto de burlas y chanzas por parte de algunos de sus coetáneos que la apodaron: "la inevitable doña Emilia". Exploradora del mundo, en libros y viajes, Pardo Bazán tuvo gran conocimiento de la cultura rusa y supo plasmarla en toda su dimensión, tanto en sus crónicas viajeras como en varios de sus cuentos.
ЭКОЛОГО-ЦЕНОТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ В СРЕДНЕМ ТЕЧЕНИИ РЕКИ КОТУЙ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ КЛИМАТА
Authors: КОШКАРОВА В.Л. , КОШКАРОВ А.Д.
Published: January 2025

В статье освещены результаты палеоботанического изучения торфяных отложений в бассейне среднего течения р. Котуй (Северная Эвенкия). Базовым материалом для исследования стали макроостатки ископаемых растений. На основании изменения видового состава ископаемых объектов и радиоуглеродного датирования по 14С реконструирована динамика фитоценотической структуры лесных формаций за последние 6000 календарных лет. Дана количественная оценка их климатической обусловленности. В начале рассматриваемого времени в результате потепления и повышения влажности увеличивается биоразнообразие растительного покрова и формируется формация бореальных смешанных лесов с елью сибирской ( Picea obovata Ledeb.) и сосной обыкновенной ( Pinus sylvestris L . ). С нарастанием континентальности и похолодания климата биоразнообразие падает, а доминирующей формацией становится редкостойная лиственничная с лиственницей Гмелина ( Larix gmelinii(Rupr.) Rupr.). Установлена динамика границ ареалов лиственницы сибирской ( Larix sibirica Ledeb.), л. Гмелина и кедрового стланика ( Pinus pumila(Pall.) Regel.) на рубеже климатического оптимума и в позднем голоцене.

The article highlights the results of a paleobotanical study of peat deposits in the basin of the middle reaches of the river Kotuy (Northern Evenkia). The macro-remains of fossil plants became the basic material for the study. Based on the change in the species composition of fossil objects and radiocarbon dating by 14C, the dynamics of the phytocenotic structure of changes in the structure of forest formations from 6000 years ago to the present is reconstructed. A quantitative assessment of their climatic conditionality is given. At the beginning of the period under consideration, because of warming and increasing humidity, the biodiversity of the vegetation cover increases and the formation of mixed forests (Siberian spruce ( Picea obovata Ledeb.), Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.)) is formed. With an increase in the continentality of the climate and cooling, biodiversity decreases, and the sparse larch (Gmelin larch ( Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.))becomes the dominant formation. The dynamics of the boundaries of the ranges of Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica Ledeb.), Gmelin larch, Siberian dwarf pine ( Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel.) at the boundary of the climatic optimum and in the late Holocene was established.
ЯСЕНЕВАЯ ИЗУМРУДНАЯ УЗКОТЕЛАЯ ЗЛАТКА AGRILUS PLANIPENNIS FAIRMAIRE (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) НА АЛТАЕ (ЮЖНАЯ СИБИРЬ)
Authors: БАРАНЧИКОВ Ю.Н. , БАБИЧЕВ Н.С. , СПЕРАНСКАЯ Н.Ю. , ДЕМИДКО Д.А. , ВОЛКОВИЧ М.Г. , СНИГИРЕВА Л.С. , АКУЛОВ Е.Н. , КИРИЧЕНКО Н.И.
Published: January 2025

Ясеневая изумрудная узкотелая златка ( Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)) - агрессивный восточноазиатский инвайдер, уничтоживший миллионы ясеней ( Fraxinus L.) в Северной Америке и в Восточной Европе. Ученых и практиков волнует продвижение вида на запад, в Центральную Европу. Оказалось, что климатические условия и наличие кормового растения - ясеня пенсильванского ( Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) - делают возможным существование A. planipennis и на юге Сибири. В 2024 г. вредитель был обнаружен в г. Барнауле - административном центре Алтайского края. К августу златка уничтожила почти треть посадок ясеня в городе, и к категории здоровых в настоящее время можно отнести лишь 8 % деревьев. Судя по соотношению возрастов личинок, вид развивается в Барнауле по двухлетней генерации. Паразитированных личинок златки в Барнауле обнаружить не удалось. Это свидетельствует о том, что основной фактор ее контроля в Европе - браконид Spathius polonicus Niezabitowski- либо еще не достиг Сибири, либо пока не поднял численность до необходимого уровня. Подчеркивается перспективность интродукции во вторичный ареал златки восточноазиатского паразитоида Spahius galinae Belokobylskij et Strazanac- эффективного агента биоконтроля A. planipennis- и устойчивого к златке ясеня маньчжурского ( F. mandshurica Rupr.).

Emerald ash borer ( Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)) is an aggressive East Asian invader that has destroyed millions of ash ( Fraxinus L.) trees in North America and Eastern Europe. Researches and practitioners are concerned about ongoing westward distribution of the species into Central Europe. In addition to that, the invasion of this buprestid to Siberia is also not ruled out bearing in mind suitable climatic conditions, particularly on the south, and the presence its favorable host plant, the green ash ( Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall). In 2024, the pest has been detected in Barnaul, the administrative center of Altai Krai. By August, the beetle destroyed almost 30 % of ash trees in the city and only 8 % of trees looked healthy. Based on the ratio of larval instars, the pest develops two years per generation in Barnaul. No parasitized larvae of A. planipennis was documented in Barnaul suggesting that the parasitoid, the braconid Spathius polonicus Niezabitowski, which controls this buprestid in Europe, either has not yet appeared in Siberia or remains at a low, undetectable, density. The prospects of introduction of the East Asian parasitoid Spahius galinae Belokobylskij et Strazanac (the most effective biocontrol agent of A. planipennis at its primary range) and the Manchurian ash ( F. mandshurica Rupr.) (the resistant host) to the secondary pest range are emphasized.
Línguas ameaçadas e fortalecimento cultural: olhares a partir da Faculdade Indígena Intercultural da Unemat
Authors: Da Cruz Mônica Cidele , Ferreira Waldinéia
Published: January 2025

The State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), through the Intercultural Indigenous Faculty (FAINDI), welcomes and ensures the permanence of indigenous students with a dialogical pedagogical policy, as well as a language policy in an intercultural dimension. In this sense, this text aims at presenting some experiences developed within the scope of this Faculty and also in the postgraduate program in “Teaching in an Intercultural Indigenous Context” – PPGECII, both of them at the State University of Mato Grosso/UNEMAT, focused on indigenous languages. These are actions and reflections promoted by FAINDI that are aimed at a better understanding of language policies as a mobilizing element for the recognition of endangered languages and, at the same time, as a mechanism for cultural strengthening through language, by the means of the school, considering it as a promoter of ethnopolitics, regardless of the sociolinguistic situation of each people, but especially consideringthe history and social/cultural connective webs that ultimately condition the change or maintenance of indigenous languages.
¿Puede un chatbot imitar a un estudiante de español real? Una aproximación a la generación de errores deliberados con IA
Authors: Huete-García Ángel
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa analisa os principais desafios e avanços no uso de chatbots de IA generativa para a geração de textos com erros linguísticos para fins pedagógicos. Especificamente, ela descreverá a metodologia seguida para a reprodução desses erros em espanhol por meio de textos argumentativos. Esses textos apresentavam erros induzidos com o chatbot, que simulava um aluno real, além de adicionar outra versão corrigida pela mesma ferramenta. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada em uma série de prompts usados em benefício do chatbot da OpenAI, o ChatGPT, que também foram aplicados ao chatbot do Google, o Gemini, e ao chatbot da Microsoft, o Copilot. O conhecimento assistido por humanos" (Huete-García e Tarp, 2024) foi fundamental na equação para obter o resultado esperado. Entre as principais conclusões que podem ser tiradas da pesquisa está a de que os chatbots podem fornecer suporte funcional e tornar o processo de coleta de dados mais flexível como recurso de ensino. Mas o conhecimento, a cultura, as habilidades e a intuição linguística dos professores de espanhol são cruciais para que isso funcione. No entanto, os materiais fornecidos pela IA constituem um material complementar útil e facilmente explorável em uma aula de espanhol.
El Sesgo Lingüístico Digital (SLD) en la inteligencia artificial: implicaciones para los modelos de lenguaje masivos en español
Authors: Muñoz-Basols Javier , Palomares Marín María del Mar , Moreno Fernández Francisco
Published: January 2025

O advento da inteligência artificial generativa no nível do usuário, especialmente por meio do desenvolvimento de Grandes Modelos de Linguagem (GML), nos leva a refletir sobre a proliferação de vieses na construção, no desenvolvimento, no uso e na representatividade desses modelos baseados em dados linguísticos. Este artigo analisa, em primeiro lugar, as iniciativas desenvolvidas para o espanhol no campo da IA, tanto na América de língua espanhola quanto na Espanha, dando atenção especial aos recursos linguísticos e aos GML. A composição dos principais GML atuais do espanhol é examinada e comparada com outros GML de idiomas peninsulares (catalão, basco, galego e valenciano). Além disso, o termo Viés Linguístico Digital (VLD), que é específico da IA, é apresentado, tanto em nível inter quanto intralinguístico. Por fim, sugere-se que um usuário digitalmente consciente poderá contribuir para atenuar os efeitos do VLD. Para concluir, enfatiza-se a necessidade de uma ação coordenada dos agentes institucionais para preservar a diversidade do patrimônio linguístico de língua espanhola no desenvolvimento de GML.
En torno a una serie glotopolítica: posicionamientos religiosos y desplazamientos discursivos en las elecciones presidenciales argentinas de 2023
Authors: Narvaja de Arnoux Elvira Beatriz
Published: January 2025

En el marco de la glotopolítica, entendida como el estudio de la dimensión semiótica de los procesos sociales tal como se expone en el campo político, se estudia una serie construida a partir de materiales genéricamente diversos que se desplazan discursivamente de lo religioso a lo político. El interés de este estudio reside en que se aborda un aspecto de la campaña electoral que llevó al éxito, en cierta medida inesperado, del candidato Javier Milei en las elecciones presidenciales argentinas. Se enfoca, en primer lugar, en lo que se caracteriza como serie glotopolítica y, luego, los modos de construirla y de cómo se operó en el caso considerado. Atendiendo a los rasgos contextuales y las regularidades discursivas, se analizan las homilías publicadas institucionalmente, proferidas por los obispos de la Iglesia católica argentina en ocasión de las celebraciones de la fiesta patriótica del 25 de Mayo, y se contrastan algunas apreciaciones con las de Milei en torno a los mismos ejes temáticos. Como este candidato, a pesar de su formación católica, valora intensamente la tradición religiosa judía, se proponen diferentes conjeturas acerca de lo que lo motiva apelando a segmentos reiterados de sus discursos. Uno de ellos corresponde a las descalificaciones sobre el papa Francisco, que lleva a que los curas de las villas de emergencia organicen una misa en desagravio donde lo político ocupa el frente de la escena y activa memorias combativas. Finalmente, se aborda el cierre de la serie, conformado por las referencias religiosas en el discurso de asunción de Milei y por la misa interreligiosa que se celebra en esa ocasión, focalizando en ella el discurso del arzobispo de Buenos Aires y en el del “rabino de cabecera” del presidente. Al hacerlo se retoman algunas entradas analíticas de los apartados anteriores.
A Language to be Heard: Andwa Leaders and the Enactment of Linguistic Citizenship in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Rosado Erika
Published: January 2025

En 2003, la nacionalidad Andwa del Ecuador surgió como un grupo étnico diferenciado, organizado en torno a una lengua extinta conocida como katsakati. Desde entonces, los líderes andwa han establecido la reinserción lingüística como el principal proyecto político y cultural de sus comunidades. A partir del método etnográfico y el análisis crítico de entrevistas, en este artículo se examina cómo los líderes andwa despliegan recursos lingüísticos asociados al katsakati, junto con otros medios simbólicos, para afirmar su autenticidad frente a otros actores indígenas que cuestionan sus reivindicaciones identitarias. Estos esfuerzos, desde la perspectiva de la autora, se interpretan como actos de ciudadanía lingüística, puesto que permite evidenciar cómo los recursos lingüísticos pueden ser movilizados por pueblos históricamente marginados para reivindicar sus derechos y afrontar las desigualdades en contextos poscoloniales.
Lengua y Sociedad. (2019). Revista del Instituto de Investigación de Lingüística Aplicada (CILA) de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas
Authors: Diez Canseco Daniela
Published: January 2025

El primer número del volumen dieciocho de la revista Lengua y Sociedad, comprendido en el periodo de enero-junio de 2019, cuenta con un total de ocho artículos de investigación lingüística. Este número abarca diversas áreas tales como la psicolingüística, la didáctica de la lengua en comprensión lectora y redacción académica, la lingüística aplicada en uso de macrorreglas, la pragmática, el análisis del discurso en argumentación escolar, la sociolingüística en actitudes lingüísticas hacia el pretérito y el quechua, el análisis metafórico de anuncios publicitarios, la fonología y la dialectología en alargamiento vocálico en aimara, y la lexicología en el análisis del discurso en fraseología de titulares periodísticos.
Un estudio de caso sobre los cuatro momentos espectrales y el pico de máxima intensidad de /s/ en una voz natural y una voz clonada por la IA Elevenlabs
Authors: Torres Castillo Fernando Aarón , Cueva Sanchez Oscar Esaul , Jimenez Peña Jhon , Shicshi Romero Erika Amalec
Published: January 2025

A presente investigação compara os quatro momentos espectrais e o pico de maior intensidade da fricativa alveolar [s] em posição de coda, entre a voz natural e artificial de um falante. Os dados de voz natural foram coletados em ambiente controlado e posteriormente segmentados com software Praat. Para a voz artificial foi utilizada a tecnologia de clonagem de voz da ElevenLabs. A análise de variância mostra diferenças significativas entre as médias dos parâmetros acústicos analisados ​​– centro de gravidade, desvio padrão, curtose, assimetria e pico de intensidade máxima – na voz natural e artificial. Porém, ao analisar os dados agrupados pela vogal que antecede a fricativa, observa-se que nem em todos os contextos existem diferenças significativas. Os resultados indicam que os parâmetros espectrais da fricativa alveolar /s/ – especialmente o centro de gravidade – são úteis na distinção entre a fala natural e a sua contraparte artificial.
Escobar Zapata, Emérita. (2024). Aproximación cognitiva del sistema fitonímico de los pueblos de Tupe y Cachuy
Authors: Rocha Martínez Rolando
Published: January 2025

El conocimiento de las plantas en el marco de una cultura involucra necesariamente el develamiento de siglos de experiencia y apropiación de un entorno que ha sido domesticado para resultar favorable. Así, los grupos humanos comprenden el entorno y establecen relaciones vivenciales que resultan apremiantes para subsistir. Las plantas medicinales son la muestra palmaria de una relación con el entorno cuya consecuencia es la configuración de un marco epistemológico culturalmente específico que data de épocas prístinas. En tal sentido, el libro de Emérita Escobar Zapata apunta a la explicitación sistemática de los fitónimos en las zonas de Tupe y Cachuy, mediante un trabajo de documentación de 128 fitónimos cuyo abordaje involucra no solo la filiación de las voces fitonímicas sino las implicancias de las plantas en la vida de los jaqaruhablantes: los productos culinarios, el uso medicinal, su aplicación ornamental, etc. Un trabajo de este tipo amerita una exposición sistemática de los contenidos, de manera que me detendré en las secciones que lo componen.
Los retos de la lingüística forense en la era de la IA
Authors: Queralt Sheila
Published: January 2025

En este trabajo, se analiza los desafíos que enfrenta la lingüística forense en la era de la inteligencia artificial. El objetivo es describir la generación automática de texto y voz mediante IA, y analizar cómo esto afecta la atribución de autoría y la autenticación de pruebas en contextos judiciales. Además, se examinan las herramientas de detección actuales y sus limitaciones. En los resultados, se evidencia que las metodologías tradicionales pueden no ser suficientes para detectar textos generados por IA, y se destaca la necesidad de crear nuevas herramientas y enfoques interdisciplinarios. La investigación subraya la importancia de desarrollar marcos éticos y legales que regulen el uso de la IA en procesos judiciales.
Inteligencia artificial, discurso digital y lenguaje: La lingüística en la era de las nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Lovón Marco , Parini Alejandro
Published: January 2025

In recent years, technology has expanded and generated social transformations. The rapid spread of AI, as well as the development of communications or discourse in the digital space, has attracted the attention of linguists, who are called upon to respond to technological innovation and its repercussions. The aim of this paper is to highlight the scientific-academic work of linguistics in the era of new technologies and digital spaces. To this end, the following events are highlighted: 1) the International Congress “Artificial Intelligence, Digital Discourse and Language”; 2) the thematic dossier about this topic published in this issue of the journal Lengua y Sociedad; 3) the relationship between artificial intelligence and linguistics, and 4) the relationship between digital discourses and linguistics. With this research, the publication and thematic works on artificial intelligence and digital discourse in interaction with language are highlighted.
Los cursos de didácticas en Educación Especial: sus cambios a lo largo de los 50 años de la carrera en la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Carpio Brenes María de los Angeles , Hernández Olivares Adriana , Marmolejo Camacho Argelia Scarlette
Published: January 2025

La evolución de la Educación Especial (EE) en Costa Rica ha sido un proceso notable, caracterizado por la transición de un enfoque médico a mediados del siglo XX hacia una perspectiva inclusiva en la actualidad. Este cambio ha implicado no sólo una transformación en las prácticas pedagógicas, sino también una redefinición del rol de las personas profesionales de EE, adaptándose a las demandas y paradigmas educativos de cada época. Se destaca que la EE, en Costa Rica, ha evolucionado notablemente, al pasar de un punto de vista rehabilitador en 1940, donde la persona con discapacidad era atendida por una persona “docente especialista en…”, a una mirada más social en la actualidad, donde ahora la persona “docente de apoyo educativo” colabora en la eliminación de barreras para la participación y aprendizaje de la diversidad estudiantil. En este cambio epistemológico y del accionar docente, la carrera de Educación Especial de la UCR ha jugado un papel relevante como agente transformador, tal y como se evidencia en las modificaciones de los planes de estudio y de los programas de los cursos en sus 50 años de existencia. Se concluye que los cambios en los programas de Didácticas de Lectoescritura y Matemáticas responden a la evolución histórica de la disciplina y al paradigma predominante del momento, porque la concepción de discapacidad de determinada época marca el rol de la persona educadora especial en ese contexto educativo específico.
Byzantine Illyricum in the 7th–9th centuries
Authors: Komatina Predrag
Published: January 2025

The paper discusses the issue of Byzantine presence in the territory of the prefecture of Illyricum in the Balkan interior after the Slavic-Avar invasion in the early seventh century. It is argued that the Slavic settlement of the Balkan Peninsula was not as thorough as usually assumed, but that there were in the Balkan interior, amidst its general depopulation, sporadic remains of the provincial Roman population of urban culture during the seventh to ninth centuries with certain degree of Byzantine political authority until the Bulgarian conquest in the early ninth century.
Analysis of the Public Policies that Reduce the Cost of Living and Increase Economic Growth
Authors:   School of Business, Maseno University, Mbabu Morris Mwiti , Obange Nelson ,   School of Business, Maseno University
Published: January 2025

Maintaining a balance between the cost of living, economic growth, and employment is a key challenge in public policy. In an increasingly volatile global economy, governments and policymakers must implement strategies that promote sustainable economic growth, foster job creation, and manage inflation to maintain the affordability of essential goods and services. This paper examines policies that can maintain or reduce the cost of living while promoting or sustaining economic growth and employment. It also explores the delicate balance between controlling inflation and fostering economic development, using real-world examples to illustrate effective policy interventions.
Analysis of the distribution of gas turbine unit operation modes as a tool for improving the stability of the power system
Authors: Yavorskyi Oleksandr , Tarakhtii Olha , Zhukovskyi Vladyslav , Panin Viktor
Published: January 2025

The object of research is the optimal distribution of operating modes of gas turbine units (GTU) as a tool for increasing the stability of the Ukrainian power system in crisis situations. Given the challenges caused by the destruction of the energy infrastructure due to massive shelling, ensuring the stability of electricity supply requires the development of new approaches to frequency regulation. The frequency of electricity is a critical parameter that determines the balance between generation and consumption. Its violation can cause serious consequences, such as equipment shutdown and destabilization of the power system.
The work was aimed at creating mathematical models of GTU and the power system, allowing to analyze the change in frequency and power depending on the operating modes. As well as at developing a methodology for optimal load distribution between units under conditions of variable external influences. The work describes in detail the structure of the GTU model in the Simulink environment, which takes into account dynamic processes in gas volumes, the combustion chamber and the rotor of the unit. The proposed methodology is based on the study of two approaches to power distribution: uniform and proportional to the control range of each GTU. A numerical experiment has shown that uniform distribution is better suited for positive disturbances, reducing the integral indicator (integral square error ISE) by 15 % compared to traditional methods, while for negative disturbances, proportional distribution demonstrates a decrease in ISE by 20 %. In the case of positive disturbances, uniform distribution for different combinations of capacities on average shows 0.6 % better control quality than the proportional approach, and for negative disturbances, proportional distribution on average shows 0.25 % better control quality, compared to uniform.
The research results have significant practical potential and can be used to improve the control systems of the power systems of Ukraine in conditions of a shortage of generating capacities and crisis situations.
Saudi National Day: Conservatism Versus Modernity in the Light of Saudi Vision 2030
Authors: Aldossry Theeb Mohammed
Published: January 2025

This article examines the transformation of Saudi society from traditional conservatism to modernity, as envisioned in the Saudi Vision 2030 plan. Utilizing a descriptive research design, the article explores the processes through which countries emerge and cultivate national identities after gaining independence, and how these identities are reinforced through the celebration of national holidays. The article also delves the challenges confronted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in establishing a cohesive national identity, including the delicate balance between tradition and progress, and the need to address diversity and inclusivity. Significantly, the article concludes that the initial rejection of celebrating the Saudi National Day has evolved into widespread acceptance among Saudi citizens, highlighting the government’s pivotal role in guiding the society’s shift from conservatism to modernity.
Opportunities and Challenges of STEM Education in Bhutan: Stakeholders’ Perspectives
Authors: Reeta Rai  , Pema Tshojay  , Sonam Rinchen
Published: January 2025

The National Science Foundation (NSF) of the United States introduced the acronym STEM in 2001, integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics as a key educational reform that emphasises an interdisciplinary approach to learning and teaching. The global focus on STEM has profoundly influenced educational policies, instructional strategies, assessment systems, and curricula in Bhutan, particularly in mathematics, science, and information communication and technology (ICT). This study explored the opportunities and challenges of STEM education in Bhutan using a mixed-methods approach. Findings revealed that while Bhutanese policymakers, curriculum developers, and educators commonly use the acronym STEM to refer to policies and curricula related to mathematics, science, and ICT education, some were unaware that it includes all four disciplines. Key opportunities identified for STEM education in Bhutan include enhancing student learning and achievement, preparing students for real-world challenges, providing career opportunities, and contributing to national development and the economy. The main challenges to implementing STEM education were the need for a comprehensive curriculum, a sufficient STEM teacher workforce, effective instructional methods, and adequate instructional materials and laboratory resources. The study recommends reforming STEM education in Bhutan by developing a comprehensive understanding of STEM principles, designing a strategic framework for curriculum development and implementation, securing resources, and ensuring effective teacher preparation to ensure high-quality STEM education. Additionally, stakeholders should address the identified challenges and leverage the opportunities in STEM education to promote a more sustainable and prosperous future for the country.
Professional Development Needs Assessment of Secondary School Teachers in Bhutan: An Explanatory Study
Authors: Tshering Dorji  , Kinley Seden
Published: January 2025

Professional development (PD) has been identified as a key strategy in enhancing teachers' personal and professional growth, but we know less about how PD is perceived by teachers. The purpose of this study was to gain more insight into secondary school teachers’ PD needs and how they find it beneficial. This study draws on data generated through surveys with 260 teachers and individual interviews with 10 teachers representing ten secondary schools, teaching grades 8–12 in Bhutan. Utilising both descriptive and inferential statistics alongside thematic analysis, the study revealed that PD is important for their professional growth. The analysis indicated that gender did not significantly influence perceptions of PD benefits and barriers, and neither qualification nor teaching experience were significant predictors of PD areas. Qualitative findings emphasised the need for continuous, collaborative, and personalised PD programmes tailored to individual needs, supported by practical, interactive learning opportunities and ongoing implementation strategies. However, a limitation of the study is the inability to reach the targeted sample size. Future research should incorporate a larger sample to provide a more comprehensive understanding of PD needs and their impacts. The study highlights the importance of investing in high-quality, tailored PD programmes to enhance teacher effectiveness and improve student outcomes.
Correlations of production factors in automated milking system in a Hungarian dairy farm
Authors: Hlel Nawel , Holló Gabriella , Bus Bence , Süli Ágnes , Nyúl Zsófia , Szabari Miklós Gábor
Published: January 2025

Nowadays the use of automated milking systems (AMS) is increasingly popular as a technology that can reduce labor, increase milk production, and maximize profit. This study, which was carried out on a private dairy farm located in West Hungary, aimed to examine the relationship between AMS and production efficiency in lactating cows with herd sizes ranging from 267 to 322 Holstein-Friesian cows in the middle of lactation specifically 165 ± 10 days in milk. The result of this study indicates that on average, an AMS unit milked 49 ± 3 cows daily with each cow being milked 2.7 ± 0.1 times per day and producing a daily milk yield of 32.5 ± 1.3 kg per cow. The data was statistically analyzed using Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analysis. The study found that daily milk yield was positively correlated with milking frequency (r = 0.61, p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with failed milkings (r = - 0.34, p < 0.01) but had no correlation with refusals (p > 0.05). As we expected, a positive correlation was observed between the amount of concentrate offered in AMS per cow per day and both milk yield (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and milking frequency (r = 0.27, p < 0.01). Finally, the fat content was negatively correlated with daily milk yield (p < 0.05) and the amount of concentrate, however, there was no correlation observed for protein content with daily milk yield or the amount of concentrate in the AMS (p > 0.05). Detailed knowledge of these factors such as milking frequency and concentrate intake associated with increasing milk yield by using AMS will help guide future recommendations to producers for maximizing milk yield and decreasing the cost on dairy farms.
Research Advances on Hyperglycemia-Induced Metabolic Memory and Non-Coding RNAs
Authors: Mei Guo , Huan Duan , Daoping Ru , Wenqiang Yu
Published: January 2025

The rapid increase in the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among patients in China not only poses significant challenges to individuals’ physical and mental well-being but also creates substantial economic burdens on families and society. The pathogenic mechanisms by which hyperglycemia leads to long-term chronic complications, particularly the phenomenon of ‘hyperglycemia-induced metabolic memory’, remain a focal point of current research. This paper summarizes the pathogenesis of metabolic memory associated with hyperglycemia, emphasizing its relationship with epigenetics and recent advancements in the field. It aims to explore new avenues for the precise early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its complications through translational medicine.
Relación entre la velocidad de lanzamiento y el cambio de dirección en jugadores de balonmano de diferentes categorías
Authors: Vázquez Diz Juan Antonio , Sánchez López Sergio , Luna Varo Patricia , Martínez Aranda Luis Manuel , Ortega Becerra Manuel
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the relationships between sprinting speed with change of direction and throwing speed in handball players, as well as to analyse whether there are significant differences between different age categories in several situations. Fifty-nine male handball players (age:17.87±5.48 years; height:176.81±15.04 cm; weight:79.43±19.09 kg), divided into groups based on year of birth (U16, U18, senior), participated in the study. The study variables were sprinting speed with change of direction performance (505 Test and the V-CUT Test), as well as standing throw and jump throw speed, both with 3 steps. Significant differences were found between each of the study groups and all the variables analysed (p<0.05, p<0.01, and p<0.001, according to categories and variables compared), except in the U18-senior pair, showing no differences in the variables related to change of direction. In addition, significant relationships were found between sprinting speed with change of direction and throwing speed only for the U16 category (p<0.01). Therefore, improvement in the movement or sprinting speed of handball players in formative categories could be linked to an increase in throwing speed, although this fact would not be the only one that could influence it. the improvement in the movement speed of handball players in formative categories could be linked to an increase in throwing speed, although this fact would not be the only one that could influence it.
Effects of a 4-Week Respiratory Muscle Training Proposal for Semi-Professional Athletes
Authors: Vasquez Aldo , Camacho-Cardenosa Marta , Sánchez Bayón Juan Ramón , Camacho-Cardenosa Alba , Timon Rafael , Olcina Guillermo
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of a novel respiratory muscle training protocol on the running performance of semiprofessional endurance athletes. Methods: The sample consisted of 11 endurance athletes (aged 25.5 ± 5.7 years; BMI 22.6 ± 3.4 kg·m2), who performed a test of incremental respiratory endurance to design an inspiratory muscle training protocol. Using a spirometer, the following variables were calculated: Muscle Inspiratory Pressure, Peak Inspiratory Flow, and S-INDEX (cm H2O), which is understood as a stress index or the relationship between pressure and volume. The performance of a 12-minute running test was also evaluated with the assessment of heart rate. The training protocol consisted of 12 sessions with a frequency of 3 times per week for 4 weeks of (6 x 80% of Muscle Inspiratory Pressure). A t-student (p <0.05), the magnitude of change (Δ), and effect size were applied. Results: Improvements in the athletes' respiratory function were found in muscle inspiratory pressure (Effect Size 1.91; Δ= +44%), peak inspiratory flow (Effect Size 1.37; Δ= +22%), and S-INDEX (Effect size 1.37; Δ= +25%). The distance covered in the 12-minute test (Effect Size 0.11; Δ= +7%) also improved after the respiratory muscle training protocol. Conclusions: This novel proposal for respiratory muscle training produces improvements in respiratory muscle function and can be used as a competition strategy prior to a running event in semi-professional endurance athletes.
Research Protocol for PCR Workflow Development v1
Authors: Kumar Veeramachineni Anand
Published: January 2025

To create a comprehensive workflow for conducting Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) experiments, ensuring optimal conditions for DNA amplification and addressing potential challenges.
Mortalidad por Coronavirus (COVID) SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes oncológicos
Authors:   Oncólogos de Occidente, Hoyos-Pulgarín Julián Andrés , Gutiérrez-Durán Omar Armando ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Castiblanco-Arroyave Sara Camila ,   Universidad Libre de Barranquilla, Fajardo-Torres Katheryn ,   Oncólogos de Occidente, Correa-Castillo Lina Clemencia ,   Oncólogos de Occidente, García-Henao Juan Pablo ,   Hospital Santa Mónica, Riveros-Bermudez Sonia Dayana ,   Oncólogos de Occidente
Published: January 2025

Introducción: la infección por SARS-CoV-2 representa un riesgo especial de mortalidad para los pacientes con cáncer.

Objetivo: identificar y describir las características clínicas y patológicas asociadas con mortalidad de los pacientes oncológicos con infección por SARS-CoV-2.

Métodos: se condujo un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico entre junio de 2020 hasta abril de 2021 en tres unidades hematoncológicas.

Resultados: se identificaron 274 pacientes con enfermedad maligna hematológica u oncológica que presentaron infección por SARS-CoV-2. La mortalidad general fue del 18,6%, variables como neoplasia hematológica (p=0,026), neoplasia sólida (p=0,021), leucemias (p=0,011), síntomas como fiebre, disnea, malestar general y odinofagia, y algunas comorbilidades como enfermedad renal moderada a severa (p=0,021), la infección por VIH (p=0,032) y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (p=0,046) se relacionaron con mortalidad. El análisis multivariado evidenció como resultado que la presencia de leucemia (OR 4,23, IC 1,10 - 16,0, P 0,035), disnea (OR 9,58, IC 3,59 - 25,3, P 0,001) e infección por VIH (OR 16,5, IC 1,10 - 247, P 0,042) predicen la mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con cáncer.

Conclusión: la mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con cáncer es más alta que en la población general, siendo esta mayor en pacientes con enfermedad renal, VIH, diabetes y neoplasias hematológicas.
Neural Network Simulator of Gas Turbine Engines for Prototyping and Debugging of Control Systems on Unsteady Modes
Authors: Abdulnagimov A. I. , Antonov V. V. , Chepaykin A. S. , Palchevsky E. V. , Nasyrov N. T.
Published: January 2025

The principle of creation of neural network simulator of gas turbine engines in the form of recurrent neural networks and their application in the hardware-in-the-loop simulation for testing and debugging automatic control and condition-monitoring systems is considered. A comparison of NARX and GRU architectures of simulators is carried out. A technique for constructing a gas turbine neural network simulator (model) and its implementation on a hardware-in-the loop simulation testbed is described. Hardware-in-the loop simulation is used for prototyping, testing and certification of developed products (physical objects) with a complex of mathematical models, where real systems are associated with virtual models in which they are located. The results of hardware-in-the loop simulation of the parameters of a gas turbine engine with a real full authority digital engine control system for startup mode, ground mode and flight modes are presented. An analysis of the accuracy and adequacy of the considered models is carried out. The accuracy required to solve control problems and form requirements for electronic control systems units has been confirmed. The intelligent modeling approach can be used to create full-fledged (complete) digital twins, where a model of physical processes and object behavior based on recurrent neural networks can be connected to 3D solid-state modeling to solve problems of object analysis and synthesis, its optimization and reliability increase. The development of such technologies makes it possible to create intelligent models that can be used in digital twins of complex technical systems