bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Implementing SPIA in Big Data Analytics on the Effectiveness of Fraud Prevention
Authors: Aulia Gadis , Setiawan Setu
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of implementing the SPIA (Systematic Predictive Intelligence Analysis) framework in big data analytics on the effectiveness of fraud prevention. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, this research delves into how SPIA can enhance the detection and prevention of fraudulent activities by analyzing vast amounts of data in real-time. Data were collected through interviews with industry experts and professionals who have implemented SPIA in their fraud prevention strategies. The findings reveal that SPIA significantly improves the accuracy and speed of identifying potential fraud cases, leading to more proactive and efficient fraud management. Additionally, the study highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating SPIA within existing big data systems. These insights contribute to the broader understanding of the role of advanced analytics in combating fraud and offer practical recommendations for organizations seeking to strengthen their fraud prevention mechanisms.
What Factors Influence The Use Of Traditional Medicine In Adults?
Authors: Reza Fadly Teuku
Published: December 2024

The use of traditional medicine has been an integral part of healthcare in various countries, including Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing adults' decisions to use traditional medicine, focusing on socio-demographic aspects, health conditions, and cultural preferences. Results from cross-country studies in Sudan, Jordan, Cameroon, Ethiopia, and Nigeria reveal that age, gender, education level, and health conditions significantly impact the choice of traditional medicine. Additionally, cultural preferences and inherited knowledge contribute significantly to these decisions. The findings suggest that it is crucial to integrate traditional medicine into modern healthcare systems, along with strengthening regulations and education regarding the safety and efficacy of traditional medicine to ensure better health outcomes.
The Role of Entrepreneurial Competence in Mediating Social Media Utilization and E-Payment Services on Marketing Performance in West Java Culinary MSMES
Authors: Ahmad Gunawan Syahrul , Sarah Maesaroh Syti , Prehanto Adi
Published: December 2024

This study looks into how entrepreneurial skill influences the relationship between the usage of social media, e-payment systems, and marketing performance in culinary MSMEs in West Java. This study used the associative causal method to evaluate data received from 400 MSME respondents using a structural equation model (SEM) and SmartPLS 3.0 software. The findings indicate that the usage of social media and e-payment systems improves marketing performance both directly and indirectly, with entrepreneurial competence serving as a significant mediating factor. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating digital technologies and developing entrepreneurial skills in order to attain competitive marketing performance in the digital era. Training programs aimed at boosting MSME actors' digital literacy and entrepreneurial abilities are recommended
The Use of a Cloud-Based Internal Control Information System to Increase Transparency and Accountability at The Law Office of PT. Officium Nobile Indolaw
Authors: Wijaya Selvia , Tjakrawala F.X Kurniawan
Published: December 2024

Law firms often face challenges in maintaining transparency and accountability in information management. So with the increasingly complex demands from clients and supervisory institutions, an effective system is needed to manage data and information. The use of a cloud-based internal control information system can be a solution to improve operational efficiency and transparency in law firms. This study aims to explore how the implementation of a cloud-based internal control information system can improve transparency and accountability at PT. Officium Nobile Indolaw. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a case study. The results of the study show that the use of a cloud-based internal control information system at PT. Officium Nobile Indolaw aims to improve transparency and accountability in law firm operations. So with cloud-based technology, internal data and processes can be accessed in real-time and more easily monitored by stakeholders, thereby reducing the risk of deviation and strengthening supervision. This system also allows for more efficient and automatic recording, supports faster and more precise decision-making based on accurate data, and increases client confidence in the integrity of the legal process being carried out.
Social welfare, interventionism, and indeterminacy: In defense of Rothbard
Authors: Wysocki Igor , Dominiak Łukasz
Published: December 2024

The present paper argues that Rothbard’s economic case against the state is more robust than suggested by his critics. The charge that it might be anemic is based on the suggestion that we can say literally nothing about the way governmental acts bear on social utility. Contra this supposition we submit that Rothbard’s critics missed the fact that the effects of governmental interventions might be actually indeterminate in two ways: weakly or strongly. If the indeterminacy involved in his welfare theory is weak, then his economic criticism of the state is more robust than envisaged by these authors. To the effect that this indeterminacy is indeed weak we advance the following reasons: Rothbard’s understanding of the Unanimity Rule; the avoidance of the contradiction allegedly committed by Rothbard over one and the same page of his famous essay; his economic criticism of interventionism being better aligned with his overall ethical anti-governmental stance; the principle of charitable reading, which cuts across all of the previously stated reasons. If our arguments count for something, then we are warranted in claiming that Rothbard is indeed able to say something about social utility under interventionism. And if so, then his criticism of interventionism should be viewed as robust rather than anemic.
Ludwig Lachmann: A subjectivist institutionalist, but not a nihilist
Authors: Turowski Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The legacy of Ludwig Lachmann within the Austrian School of Economics is subject to several interpretations in the literature: though he clearly considered himself a member of the school and he influenced many Austrian economists, his particular methodological claims prompted Murray Rothbard to disavow him as a nihilist.In this article, we defend Lachmann by arguing that in order to defend his methodological stance he invoked extra-Austrian influences (Max Weber, G.L.S. Shackle). This way, he championed subjectivist institutionalism consistently both in theory and in practice. His approach leaves a peculiar, unorthodox, yet positive legacy for contemporary Austrian economics, not so far from the orthodox Misesian stance as it is broadly understood.
Model uncertainty: When modeling risk leads to a pretense of knowledge
Authors: Machaj Mateusz
Published: December 2024

The main purpose of the paper is to develop a concept of model uncertainty as opposed to the existing and well-established concept of model risk. Up to date the broad literature on probability not only developed complete probability systems, but also correctly noticed limitations of probability calculus. Despite the acknowledgement of such probability restrictions, drawbacks of modeling are often related to model risk. We present an argument here to distinguish a feature limiting models even further: model uncertainty. The tenets of it already exist in the literature on probability, but were not properly emphasized while the idea of model risk was developed. Our plan it to start with a broad overview of the existing knowledge about probability in order to start with fundamental principles. From them we are deriving a new concept of model uncertainty.
On the philosophy and logic of human action: A Neo-Austrian contribution to the methodology of the social sciences
Authors: Oliva Cordoba Michael
Published: December 2024

Philosophical action theory seems to be in pretty good shape. The same may not be true for the study of human action in economics. Famous is the rant that the study of human action in economics gives reason to tremble for the reputation of the subject. But how does this come about? Since economic action is about action, the broader study must surely have a strong impact on the more specific field. The paper sets out, from the ground up, how an essential concept in economic theory–the concept of competition–can fundamentally benefit from insights derived exclusively from analytical action theory broadly conceived. In doing so, the paper delivers on an old Austrian promise: it is sometimes claimed that Austrian economists understand competition better than most economists. This may be a bold claim, since Austrian economists have neither traced the understanding of subjectivity to its very origin (the theory of intentionality), nor have they traced their sympathy for methodological individualism in relation to market processes to its very ground (the theory of (human) action). This paper aims to fill this gap. Moreover, by grounding an Austrian view of competition in analytic action theory, it succeeds in avoiding the serious problems of the dominant equilibrium approach. By explaining competition as rivalry, the paper draws on the philosophy and logic of human action to bring the (economic) agent back into play. In this way, a case is made for an integrated view of Austrian theory as an amalgam of Austrian economics and analytic action theory.
Evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus by oscillometric method and echocardiography
Authors: Büyükyılmaz Gönül , Özdemir Şahan Yasemin , Tehçi Ali Kansu , Özer Emre , Özdemiroğlu Nevin , İnozü Mihriban , Çetin İbrahim İlker , Gürbüz Fatih , Boyraz Mehmet , Bayrakçı Umut Selda
Published: December 2024

Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Our study aimed to compare epicardial fat thickness (EFT), carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT), and arterial stiffness parameters such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI), which are well-known early markers of cardiovascular disease in adults, between children with T1DM and healthy individuals.
Methods: One hundred fifteen children with T1DM and 87 age, gender, and anthropometric measurements-matched healthy children were included. The inclusion criteria for patients were having T1DM for at least 2 years and ages 8–18 years. Epicardial fat thickness and cIMT were assessed by the same pediatric cardiologist. Noninvasively, the Mobil-O-Graph® was used to evaluate PWV, AI (normalized to a heart rate of 75 beats/sec: AI@75), and the hemodynamic parameters.
Results: Epicardial fat thickness and cIMT were higher (p<0.001), stroke volume and cardiac index scores were found significantly lower (p<0.001 and p=0.030, respectively) in the patient group compared with the control group. While the AI@75 was significantly higher in the patient group (p <0.01), PWV did not differ between groups (p=0.782). According to the glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, EFT (p=0.015) was significantly higher, and cardiac index score (p=0.030) was significantly lower in the HbA1c >9% group. A strong positive correlation was detected between mean cIMT and microalbuminuria (Rho=,925, p<0.01).
Conclusion: These results support that children with T1DM present significant changes in important subclinical indicators for showing the development of cardiovascular disease. Cardiologic assessment of patients with T1DM can be beneficial for long-term care.
Pediatric osteoporosis: An update
Authors: Günay Aylin , Turan Serap
Published: December 2024

The diagnosis of childhood osteoporosis is relatively straightforward in primary bone diseases. However, in chronic diseases that can cause osteoporosis, the focus is often on primary treatment, and the risk of osteoporosis is frequently overlooked. Primary bone disease typically presents in infancy or early childhood with multiple fractures of long bones, abnormalities of the sclera or teeth, and an associated family history. On the other hand, secondary osteoporosis is associated with underlying chronic disease and long-term use of medications for these conditions. It may present with vertebral fractures as the only sign. Clinicians must be vigilant in diagnosing it due to its more insidious course. Once diagnosed, diet and lifestyle changes should be made. Also, any vitamin and mineral deficiencies should be replaced. The next step will be the identification of patients who are suitable for medical treatment. In some cases, patients with multiple bone deformities may require corrective surgery. Children diagnosed with osteoporosis should be monitored by a pediatric bone specialist, and their treatment should be coordinated by a multidisciplinary team.
Error Performance of Zero-Forcing Beamforming with Signal Space Diversity over Correlated and Uncorrelated Rician Fading Channels
Authors: Uslu Hilal , Reşat Mustafa Anıl , Özyurt Serdar
Published: December 2024

In this manuscript, the error performance evaluation of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) method implementing zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) technique along with signal space diversity (SSD) is investigated under Rician fading channels. MIMO systems can be defined as systems created by using multiple antennas on both the transmitter and receiver sides. MIMO systems can enhance spectral efficiency and improve communication reliability. They hold significant importance for current 5G systems and ongoing research of 6G systems. Rician fading channels are commonly encountered in wireless communication systems and include line of sight (LOS) along with non-LOS propagation paths. In this research, examinations are conducted on a t×r MIMO scenario (with t transmitter antennas and r receiver antennas), assuming that the channel is known only at the receiver side. The ZFBF technique is used at the receiver to boost the spectral efficiency, while SSD is utilized to enhance the system reliability. The performance of SSD over Rician fading channels is evaluated and it is observed that there is a noteworthy improvement in the bit error rate performance. It is shown that this technique can provide a remarkable performance enhancement even under transmitter antenna correlation without any additional computational complexity.
Social Politics in the Selected Poems of E. E. Cummings and Ray Young Bear
Authors: Gurung Raj Kumar , Sharma Bam Dev
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the symbols and images of using lowercase in the selected poems: Cummings’ “who are you little i?” and Ray Young Bear’s “Grandmother.”  These poets violate common orthographic rules by using only lowercase letters in these poems; however, they pursue symbolic meanings in doing so. Cummings' poems, which are presented in lowercase, signify a particular idiosyncrasy of orthography. This structural novelty [or innovation] makes a long-lasting impression on Cummings’ readers and contributes to the enduring impact of his poetry. For Bear, this is symbolic in that the lowercase means Native Americans, the Mesquaki tribe, in North America construed in social politics. The Mesquaki and other Native American tribes faced discrimination and domination from Euro-American settlers and colonialists, as well as their descendants, for several generations. The purpose of this paper is to enhance the indirect meanings of images and influence of Native Americans, such as the Mesquaki people, who have been fighting for their identities in America for a long time. The related purpose is to enable readers to understand the experimental poetic tropes of Cummings and Bear, and “inform readers through experimental tropes” literally indicates that the author of this paper will use experimental tropes to inform the readers. This is qualitative research. The study focuses on: Why do the poets use lowercase in their poems? Why are poetic languages more complex than general languages? This study adopts symbol theory methods for discussion, and the research methodology of the poem is based on textual analysis.
Violation of Freedom of Speech and Expression: A Critical Study on the Arrest and Detention of the Indian Journalist, Sidheeq Kappan
Authors: Hameed Sulthana , S Naveen
Published: December 2024

This research paper aims at exploring the violation of freedom of speech and expression, a fundamental right incorporated in the constitution of India as well as various other constitutions worldwide. The study focuses on the importance of Article 19(1) (a) that covers the freedom of speech and expression; wherein which press freedom also adheres to. This paper analyzes an instance of violation of the same, highlighting the risk factor and safety implications that journalists and media houses across the world face. Through a qualitative approach incorporating content analysis and case study analysis, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics involved in the violation of speech and expression rights. The findings of the study include the prevalence of serious anti- democratic issues, a rise in unjust court proceedings and transformation of India into a ground for communal riots, thus diminishing the existence of democratic values.
Factors Contributing to High School Students’ Academic-Cognitive Engagement: Studying in Northwest Province, Cambodia
Authors: Yan Pich , Chea Ratha , Sopheaktra Chea
Published: December 2024

This study examined different factors influencing high school students’ learning in Battambang, Cambodia. The respondents were 290 students (118 males and 172 females). Data was collected from various factors relating to the student's Academic-cognitive engagement impacted by Psychological engagement, Self-efficacy, and Teacher-student involvement. The data has been analyzed at four levels: (a) Excel for entering data (b) SPSS to rescue and remove the data and to check scales’ reliabilities, using the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient; (c) Mplus for analyzing correlations between the variables, and structural equations model to predict Academic-cognitive engagement. The most influential factor was Psychological engagement (.723), impacting the predictor of Academic-cognitive engagement. Our findings suggested parents and educators should also construct self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience to improve students’ motivation support and enhance their engagement. This study is an impactful contribution to understanding the academic challenges in Cambodia, offering evidence-based strategies to improve student outcomes. Its alignment with national educational goals adds strategic relevance, making it a valuable resource for policymakers and educators.
Venture Capital as a New Way of Funding Technology Startups in Uzbekistan
Authors: Saydullaeva Khurshidabonu
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the importance of venture capital as an alternative source of investment for entrepreneurs to build their startups and the current state of the startup ecosystem in Uzbekistan. It explores how venture finance is changing in Uzbekistan, looking at new models and recent advancements reshaping the country's startup scene. Through a detailed analysis of public policy, trends in private investment, and the growth of startup ecosystems, this study highlights the revolutionary impact of venture capital on Uzbekistan's economy. By offering case studies of successful ventures and assessing the opportunities and constraints inherent in this dynamic landscape, it also provides insights into the future of venture capital in Uzbekistan and its role in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship.
Adjudication in Uganda: A Critique of Selected Rulings from Centre of Arbitration and Dispute Resolution (CADER)
Authors: Gavamukulya Charles
Published: December 2024

Adjudication is a widely recognized Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism, particularly in the construction industry, due to its speed, flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and privacy. This article examines the nature of adjudication in Uganda, focusing on its application in contractual and ad hoc forms, as the country lacks a statutory adjudication framework like that of England and Wales. The study critiques selected rulings from the Centre of Arbitration and Dispute Resolution (CADER) that erroneously equate adjudication with arbitration, highlighting the distinct roles, outcomes, and legal bases of these ADR mechanisms. While adjudication provides a temporarily binding decision, arbitration offers a final and binding resolution, underscoring the importance of differentiating their procedures. The paper emphasizes the need for practitioners to adhere to pre-existing contractual provisions and avoid conflating adjudication clauses with arbitration agreements. Furthermore, it advocates for clearer statutory guidelines and better understanding among practitioners to ensure proper administration of adjudication in Uganda's construction industry.
Language Anxiety among APESA Students in Morocco: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Messouab Imad , El Kasri Anouar Mohamed , Ouchaib Abdelaziz
Published: December 2024

Foreign language anxiety is a significant factor affecting students’ oral production. That is, anxiety for EFL students is considered the most frightening language skill. This article is twofold. It endeavors to identify the factors that make APESA students anxious about their communication and participation in the classroom (Année Préparatoire aux Etudes Supérieures en Agriculture). Also, it will suggest some interventions or strategies that can be used to reduce students’ communication anxiety. 222 freshman students participated in the study by filling out an online questionnaire, based on Horwitz’s foreign language classroom anxiety scales, distributed during the session to account for the research objectives. The results of the study indicated that communication apprehension (the fear of speaking in front of the public) is the first factor that causes language anxiety among APESA students. Then, students’ linguistic competency came as the second factor. The study’s results can be useful for instructors and students as well by presenting and suggesting some pedagogical keys to lock this issue of language anxiety in the EFL context.
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Diabetes: Physiological Implications and Therapeutic Potential. A Narrative Review
Authors: Abdulhasan Rawaa Sahib
Published: December 2024

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the regulation of metabolic processes, and its dysbiosis has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes. This narrative review explores the physiological implications of the gut microbiome in diabetes management and its potential as a therapeutic target. We summarize recent findings on how gut microbial composition influences insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Additionally, we discuss the mechanisms through which gut microbiota affect metabolic health, including short-chain fatty acid production and modulation of the immune response. The review also highlights emerging therapeutic strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary interventions, aimed at restoring gut microbiome balance to improve diabetic outcomes. By integrating current research, this review underscores the importance of the gut microbiome in diabetes and its potential to inform innovative treatment approaches.
Biosorption Potential of Dry Biomass of Parthenium Hysterophorus, and Euphorbia Helioscopia from Heavy Metal Solution in a Column Method
Authors: Abbas Sehar , Tabassum Sobia , Kalsoom Habiba , Bibi Nazia , Sohail Kaynaat , Zubair Muhammad , Noreen Misbah
Published: December 2024

The study was carried out to determine the biosorption capacity of three wild plants Euphorbia heliscopia (Sun spurge), and Parthenium Hysterophorus (Gajar buti) by using column method. The experiment was conducted in Environmental biotechnology lab of University of Okara, located in Renala Khurd, District Okara, Pakistan. The plants biomass was treated with tap water, 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 30 ppm chromium solution. The experiment was repeated three times within three weeks and average data was collected. The metal analysis was done by using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The results analysed that Parthenium Hysterophorus had greater capacity (25.060 mg g-1) to absorb chromium metal as compared to Euphorbia heliscopia (5.0300 mg g-1) at 30 ppm chromium concentration and with increasing the metal ion concentration the rate of biosorption increased. The results concluded that plant Parthenium Hysterophorus has the highest potential to accumulate chromium.
Assessing Monitoring and Evaluation Practices for Sustainable Building Projects: Case of the Convention Facility at Kenya School of Government, Embu County, Kenya
Authors: Ibrahim H.N. , Njue N.G.
Published: December 2024

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) is an integral component that supports project success and performance. M&E provides a structured framework for tracking progress, assessing outcomes and making informed decisions and adjustment strategies needed to attain project goals. This study assessed how M&E practices (capacity building, funding, stakeholder participation, dissemination of M&E results) impact the sustainability of building construction projects with a special focus on the Convention Facility at the Kenya School of Government in Embu County, Kenya. Both sustainability and stakeholder theories anchored the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. From a target population of 180, simple random sampling was used to select a sample size of 123. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and interview guide. Reliability was determined through split-half method. Narrative data was analysed qualitatively, descriptive and inferential statistics were used in quantitative data analysis. F-statistic test was adopted 95% confidence interval. The findings showed that funding of M&E had the strongest relationship (r=0.82), followed by capacity building (r=0.37), stakeholder participation (r=0.25) and dissemination of M&E findings (r=0.21). The null hypothesis was therefore rejected as the prevailing evidence indicated that these M&E practices significantly influence the sustainability of the project. The model explained 70% of the variation in the project's sustainability (R²=0.70). Government and project managers should therefore prioritize on funding of M&E interventions while investing in capacity building for stakeholders, enhancing their participation in M&E processes and ensuring effective dissemination of M&E findings for greater project sustainability.
Impact of Trading Strategies on the Financial Performance of Exporting Businesses. A Case of Small to Medium Enterprises in Cross-Border Trading in Midlands Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Shadreck Nhorito , Christopher Mazvazva , Tinotenda Nyazema Majory , Munyaradzi Shumba Myron , Tendai Manhando , Simbarashe Chibaya
Published: December 2024

The study focused on the impact of trading strategies on the profitability of Small to medium enterprises in the cross-border trading. The main theories guiding the research study are the classical theories of international trade and the “New Trade Theories”. Also, the conceptual framework showed the relationship between the independent variable “trading strategies” and the dependent variable “profitability of SMEs in cross-border trading”. The study outlined a number of trading strategies adopted by the Small to medium enterprises in the cross-border trading. Also, the study revealed a number of challenges faced by Small to medium enterprises in the cross-border trading in conducting international businesses in the multipolar world. Also, a number of trading restrictions that hinder effective business operations has been revealed. Mitigatory measures to the challenges were outlined. Further, the study revealed the role of the regional boards such as SADC and COMESA in promoting regional trade. The study revealed that, the regional boards have developed lucrative blue prints but their benefit to the intended beneficiaries is not experienced. Data for this study was collected through face-to-face interviews and online questionnaires. The data was analyzed by both SPSS and STATA. The results of the study shows that Small to medium enterprises in the cross-border trading in Zimbabwe experience a number of challenges ranging from social, political and economic. Further, the study revealed that there is a positive significance between the trading strategies and the profitability of Small to medium enterprises in the cross-border traders. A number of recommendation as well as areas for future studies were outlined at the end of the study.
The Role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Enhancing Efficiency, Sustainability, and Integration with Emerging Technologies
Authors: Zakaria Md , Mridha Nayem , Hossain Sabbir , Khan Md Shaifur Rahman , Chunga Lubingu
Published: December 2024

BIM integrates collaboration, efficiency, and sustainable features throughout the life of the building. This paper deals with the application of BIM in various phases of the project, more so with the intervention of emergent technologies like IoT, AI, and AR. Indeed, in the BIM approach to the post-construction phase, facility management and predictive maintenance can be assured, thanks to real-time monitoring and performance optimisation of the building systems. Integration with IoT and sensors means continuous data exchange and upgrading towards energy efficiency, which is beneficial in saving money for operational costs. It points out that some significant challenges in adopting BIM are mainly related to data privacy, security issues, and interoperability. 
As the BIM model will contain sensitive information, robust security must be developed, including data encryption, user authentication, and secure data protocols. Due to the absence of standard data formats on various BIM platforms, smooth data exchange is hardly possible. Standardisation efforts, using Industry Foundation Classes-IFC, are discussed as vital in overcoming these challenges. The paper finally discusses the future of BIM, pointing out how AI and machine learning will be integrated into the process to optimise design, improve decision-making, and enhance overall building performance, making BIM a core tool in the future of construction and facility management.
Improvement of Concrete Durability and Strength with Epoxy Resin Concrete
Authors: Mridha Nayem , Zakaria Md , Khan Md Shaifur Rahman , Rahman Mohammed Minhazur , Galib Md Omor Faruk
Published: December 2024

Portland cement concrete has wide applications in construction owing to its good strength and relatively low cost. However, exposure to extreme environmental conditions has many significant drawbacks. Cracking due to mechanical stresses, chemical degradations, and extreme fluctuations in temperature accelerate the deterioration of concrete by way of loss of strength and increased permeability. One promising solution for these challenges is Epoxy Resin Concrete. ERC uses epoxy resins as binders, which increase its mechanical properties and strength significantly. The high adhesive power, low permeability, and excellent chemical resistance of epoxy resins create a highly cross-linked structure that significantly improves the toughness and durability of concrete. Consequently, ERC has several superior properties to conventional concrete, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and crack resistance. It suits ERC in demanding environments, like marine structures, industrial floors, and road engineering. Enhanced performance of the ERC will be highly relevant for increasing the durability and safety of infrastructure subjected to severe conditions. This paper explores the advantages of ERC and its potential to offer a more durable and resilient solution to the challenges of modern construction.
Assessing the Impact of Intercropping on Maize and Cowpea Yields in Aynayaskax Village, Garowe District, Puntland, Somalia
Authors: Farah Abdirahman Jama , Adam Ahmed Mohamed , Farah Ahmed Ali
Published: December 2024

The field experiment was carried out during the March 2023 -May 2024 cropping season at Aynayaskax village, Garowe district, Somalia to determine the effect of intercropping of maize and cowpea on the yield, land use efficiency, and profitability of both crops. The experiment consisted of 2 treatments (sole maize, sole cowpea, in two replications where intercrop 1 (spacing of 40 cm between maize and cowpea) and intercrop 2 (spacing of 30 cm between maize and cowpea served as treatments.). The study revealed that while sole cropping of maize resulted in the highest grain yield (4245.4 kg ha-1), intercropping systems also yielded respectable results. Based on the present finding, intercropping of one row of maize and one row of cowpea has more economic advantage than the other crop combination or grown alone. Therefore, intercropping of one-row maize to one row of cowpea is advantageous to farmers in the study area since it would provide additional crop yield with the same piece of land and be more profitable related to cost-benefit. Therefore, intercropping of one-row maize to one-row cowpea is advantageous to farmers in the study area since it would provide additional crop yield with the same piece of land and more profit related to cost benefit.
Comparative Analysis of Transformer-Based and CNN Models for High-Throughput Wheat Head Detection
Authors: Ojha Grishma , Dahal Bishwambhar , Bhatta Sirjana , Chataut Sandeep
Published: December 2024

Wheat head or spike detection is significant for phenotyping because it can be directly correlated to yield and is an indicator of yield potential. Historically, wheat head counting was a labor-intensive and error prone process. Use of Deep Learning (DL) techniques has automated this process allowing automated wheat head detection and counting using high resolution imagery, allowing large-scale, High Throughput Phenotyping (HTP). Despite the use of advanced technologies, wheat head detection is a challenging task due to high environmental variability, cultivar differences, and head overlap. Several attempts have been made to make the DL models more robust and the wheat head datasets more diverse to improve the detection accuracy and reliability. With the introduction of advanced DL architectures, there has been continuous improvement in accuracy of head detection. In this study, we have evaluated the performance of three different cutting-edge DL models - YOLOv10x, RetinaNet, and MM-Grounding DINO for wheat head detection. We have also combined two different wheat datasets, Global Wheat Head Detection (GWHD) 2021 and SPIKE dataset to get a diverse dataset with a wide range of genotypes. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing evolution of wheat head detection techniques and provide an insight into how these three models perform for this task.
Mind-Controlled Mobility Solutions Utilizing Electroencephalogram-Based Brain-Machine Interfaces
Authors: Chalise Saurabh , Neupane Amul , Rana Sudip
Published: December 2024

This research project focuses on the innovative development of mind-controlled mobility solutions using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals through a non-invasive Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) to empower individuals with mobility impairments. By incorporating both synchronous and asynchronous Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) methodologies, this study aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of brain-controlled systems through the analysis of multiple brain signals to refine user intent interpretation for seamless control over mobility devices. A key aspect of the project is the implementation of shared control mechanisms to enhance system security, enabling collaborative interaction between users and devices for safe and reliable operation. Machine learning classifiers, including support vector machines, artificial neural networks, and decision trees, has been be evaluated for real-time processing of EEG signals to determine the most effective algorithms for translating brain activity into commands that facilitate essential movements like moving forward, backward, and turning. This systematic approach will involve signal acquisition, preprocessing, classifier training, and user testing to validate system efficacy. Ultimately, this project seeks to bridge the gap between neurotechnology and practical mobility applications, contributing valuable insights to neuroscience, engineering, and rehabilitation while enhancing the usability and accessibility of assistive devices to improve the quality of life for individuals with physical disabilities.
VisionFusion (Vis-Fusion): Integrating CNNs and Vision Transformers for Superior Object Detection
Authors: Ahmed Aqeel , Farahani Saba , Ahmed Shakeel , Abbas Waseem , Mehboob Saira
Published: December 2024

Object detection has long been a critical and challenging problem in the field of computer vision. Recently, Vision Transformers (ViT) have demonstrated exceptional performance in image classification tasks, highlighting their potential for other vision applications. In this paper, we introduce Vis-Fusion, an innovative object detection model based on Vision Transformers. By leveraging the strengths of the self-attention mechanism and convolutional neural networks, along with the integration of the GCCA (Global Context Block and Coordinate Attention) module, Vis-Fusion significantly enhances both the accuracy and robustness of object detection. We evaluate the performance of Vis-Fusion on the Mini COCO benchmark dataset, and our experimental results show that Vis-Fusion outperforms existing state-of-the-art object detection methods in terms of both detection accuracy and processing speed. This study highlights the promising potential of Transformer-based architectures for complex visual tasks and provides valuable insights for future research in this area.
Contribution of ICT to Urban Dynamics in the DRC: Perspectives on Spatial and Demographic Expansion
Authors: Grevisse Yende Raphaël , Jean-Pierre Messina Ndzomo
Published: December 2024

This study examines the contribution of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to urban growth in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), highlighting their impact on the spatial and demographic expansion of cities. Spatially, ICT facilitates land use planning, improves access to public services in peripheral areas, and optimizes urban planning through geolocation and data management tools. These technologies also help modernize infrastructure, contributing to more organized urban expansion and better integration of peri-urban zones. The study references concrete examples from cities like Kinshasa, Lubumbashi, and Goma, where ICT is beginning to transform urban management. Demographically, ICT enhances the attractiveness of cities by creating economic opportunities and facilitating access to information and education, which are key to integrating new residents. Despite their potential, ICT in the DRC faces obstacles such as connectivity infrastructure limitations and the digital divide. Recommendations are made to encourage a strategic integration of ICT in public policies aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ensuring inclusive and sustainable urban development in Congolese cities.
Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerin Borsa Endeksleri Arasında Volatilite Yayılımı
Authors: Eraslan Mehmet , Bulut Hakan , Koç Selahattin
Published: December 2024

Son yıllarda sermayenin mobilitesinin artması ile birlikte hem volatilite hem de volatilite yayılımının arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma sermaye piyasaları gelişmiş ülkeler ile sermaye piyasaları gelişmekte olan ülkelerin pay senedi endeksleri arasındaki volatilite yayılımını tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gelişmiş ülke borsa endeksleri olarak Amerika (S&P500), Almanya (DAX30) ve Japonya (TOPIX) endeksleri, gelişmekte olan ülke borsa endeksleri olarak Türkiye (BIST30), Avusturalya (ASX200), Malezya (KLCI), Güney Kore (KOSPI200) ve Hindistan (NIFTY50) endeksleri seçilmiştir. Endekslerin 01.01.2006 – 21.06.2021 tarihleri arasındaki günlük kapanış fiyatları kullanılmıştır. Endeksler arasında hem korelasyon ilişkisi hem de volatilite ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. DCC GARCH yöntemi ile aralarında hem korelasyon ilişkisi olup hem de anlamlı volatilite ilişkisi olan endeksler tespit edilmiştir. BIST30 endeksi ile S&P500 endeksi, KLCI endeksi ile TOPIX endeksi, KOSPI200 endeksi ile NIFTY50 endeksi ve KOSPI200 endeksi ile TOPIX endeksi arasında karşılıklı ve pozitif yönlü volatilite yayılımı bulunmaktadır. NIFTY50 endeksinden S&P500 endeksine doğru tek taraflı ve pozitif yönlü volatilite yayılımı söz konusudur. Analizler, gelişmiş ülkelerin borsa endeksleri ile gelişmekte olan ülkelerin borsa endeksleri arasında net volatilite yayılımı olmadığını göstermiştir. Sonuçlar net volatilite yayılım vericisi veya alıcısı olmadığını göstermektedir. Sermaye piyasaları gelişmiş ülkelerin borsa endekslerinden gelişmekte olan ülkelerin borsa endekslerine doğru net volatilite yayılımı söz konusu olmadığı gibi tersi de söz konusu değildir. Diğer taraftan çalışmada, yakın coğrafyada yer alan Malezya (KLCI), Güney Kore (KOSPI200), Hindistan (NIFTY50) ve Japonya (TOPIX) endeksleri arasında karşılıklı ve pozitif yönlü volatilite yayılımı tespit edilmiştir.
AFET DURUMUNDA ACİL SERVİS YÖNETİMİ ÖLÇEĞİ (ADASYÖ), BİR ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: Direk Mesut , Yıldız Zafer , Deveci Gonca
Published: December 2024

Türkiye, sıkça doğal afetlerle karşılaşan bir ülke olup, bu afetlerin yol açtığı can kayıpları ve ekonomik zararlar açısından İktisadi İş birliği ve Gelişme Örgütü (OECD) ülkeleri arasında üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. Türkiye’de sağlık profesyonelleri, afet anlarında çalıştıkları kurumlarda sağlık hizmeti sunmakta; aynı zamanda isteğe bağlı olarak çeşitli arama kurtarma örgütlerine katılabilir veya destek verebilirler. Dünya genelinde artan afet ve acil durum vakaları, acil serviste görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının, afet yönetiminin her aşamasında geniş bilgi ve becerilerle donatılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Afet yönetimi, afetlerin önlenmesi, hazırlık yapılması, müdahale edilmesi ve iyileştirilmesi süreçlerini kapsayan bütüncül bir yaklaşımı içerir. Acil servisler afetlerde kilit rollere sahip olmasına rağmen Türkiye'de afet durumunda acil servis yönetimini araştıran az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Dünyada da yapılan çalışmaların istenilen düzeyde olmadığı düşünülmektedir. Afet yönetimi, önceden planlama ve eğitim gerektirir. Afet yönetimi ve acil servisler, acil durumlara hazırlık, müdahale, kurtarma ve yeniden inşa süreçlerini kapsayan kritik bir alandır. Afet anlarında acil servislerin işleyişi, rutin sağlık hizmetlerinden farklılık gösterir. Afetlerde, acil durumlara hızlı ve etkili şekilde müdahale edilerek, hastaların ihtiyaçları karşılanır ve gerekli tıbbi bakım sağlanarak iyileşme süreçleri desteklenir. Afet durumunda acil servislerde yönetimin nasıl yapılması gerektiği önemlidir. Literatür tarandığında acil servis yönetimi ile ilgili yayınlara rastlanmıştır. Ancak sağlık çalışanlarının duyarlılığını artırmak ve tutumlarını ölçmek amaçlı bir ölçeğe rastlanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı Afet durumunda acil servis yönetimi ölçeği geliştirmektir. Bu ölçek sayesinde acil servis çalışanlarının afet hazırlık düzeyini değerlendirmek ve eksikleri belirleyerek giderilmesini sağlamaktır.
Emevî Politik Teolojisi ve Cehm b. Safvân
Authors: Bulut Erkan
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma, teopolitik cebrî zihniyeti devlete hâkim kılan Emevîlerle Cebriyye’nin öncüsü kabul edilen Cehm b. Safvân’ın (ö. 128/745-46) dini ve siyasi ilişkilerine odaklanmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak her iki zihniyetin kader anlayışlarındaki benzerliklerinin ve ihtilaflarının açığa çıkarılması amaçlanmaktadır. Fikir ve ideolojilerin, ortaya çıktıkları sosyal ortamlarından bağımsız olamayacaklarından hareketle Emevî teopolitik cebr ideolojisinin ve Cehm’in teolojik felsefesinin mahiyeti ve her iki paradigmanın kesiştiği ve ayrıştığı noktalar üzerinde durulmaktadır. Emevîler döneminde yaşayan Cehm b. Safvân, cebr düşüncesini ilk defa sistematik bir şekilde ele alan ve dillendiren İslâm düşünürün Cehm b. Safvân olduğu kabul edilse de bunu bir devlet politikası haline getirilerek ideolojik bir yapıya kavuşturulması Muâviye b. Ebû Süfyân (ö. 60/680) zamanında (661-680) olmuştur. Fatalist/cebrî düşünceyi ilke edinmiş olan her iki zihniyetin neden uzlaşamadıkları ve çatışmayı tercih ettikleri, çatışmanın temelinde siyasi gerekçelerin mi yoksa itikadî farklılıkların mı rol oynadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Cebrî anlayışı kendisine ilke edindiği iddia edilen bir karakterin bir taraftan insan özgürlüğünün sembolü sayılan halku’l-Kur’ân görüşünün teorisyeni kabul edilmesi, diğer taraftan da Emevî ideolojisiyle mücadele etmesi bir paradoks olarak görünmektedir. Cehm, fiillerin asıl sahibinin Allah Teâlâ olduğunu insana mecazen nispet edilmesi gerektiğini, tabiattaki canlı cansız tüm varlıkların aynı kanuna tabi olduğunu düşünmüştür. İnsanın kendi fiillerinin yaratıcısı değil, sebebi olduğunu iddia etmiştir ki Eş’arî’nin savunduğu kesb teorisi de bundan farklı değildir. Cehm’in savunduğu ontolojik cebr teorisinin Emevîlerin ilâhî cebr ideolojisiyle farklı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Araştırmada Cehm’in halku’l-Kur’ân ve cebr konusu dışındaki diğer kelâmî görüşlerine yer verilmemiştir. Araştırmada literâtür tarama, sistematik tahlil ve değerlendirme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak monarşizmi benimsemiş olan Emevîlerin topluma dayattıkları politik cebr ideolojisi ile Cehm b. Safvân’ın savunduğu dinî cebr felsefesinin tamamen farklı olduğu ve dönemin insan özgürlüğü taraftarlarının ortak sloganı haline gelen halku’l-Kur’ân meselesinin bu çatışmada kilit rol oynadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
Nghiên cứu hình thái biến dạng và tương tác giữa các hạt vật liệu của khối đá đắp đập
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Hải , Ngô Thanh Vũ
Published: December 2024

Rock materials used in rockfill dam are simulated by material particles with a 5 sides regular pentagon, with different sizes to evaluate the stability of the rock-fill dams. The influence of structural arrangement from particle composition distribution, particle shape, and gravity leads to changes in the friction coefficient between material particles. In this paper, we study the influence of inter-particle friction varying from 0.1 to 0.9 in the deformation model of the rockfill dam. At this time, polygonal particles of the dam body tend to move downstream, causing the height and length of the dam body to be greatly deformed. This displacement affects the foot of the dam in cases where the inter-particle friction is less than 0.3 but is less affected when the friction coefficient is larger. The results of this paper also show the coordination numbers Z in the system’s connectivity, as well as analyze the differences in side-to-side contacts between two particles. The scientific results of this paper are initial studies in applying numerical methods to evaluate the stability of structures using rock materials.