bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplements to Johannes Gutslaff’s term creation
Authors: Ross Kristiina
Published: September 2019

After the Reformation, two written languages developed in the Estonian territory: one was based on the South-Estonian dialects, and the other on the North-Estonian dialects. By the 1630s, year-round pericope books had finally been printed in both language versions. The new aim in the mid-seventeenth century was to translate the whole Bible, as well as to homogenise and systematise the already existing work. Term creation became especially important. At that point, Estonian lacked equivalents of many essential abstract notions, the terminology of the Old Testament was hopelessly fragmentary, and the usage of a number of terms was unstable. The first person to undertake the translation of the whole Bible was Pastor Johannes Gutslaff, who worked in Urvaste in South-Estonia. His translation remained in manuscript and later Bible versions show no traces which would indicate that his work was used. Gutslaff’s translation is an interesting and instructive example of a missed opportunity in the history of the Estonian written language. The following characterises Gutslaff’s language creation in general and describes his search for Estonian equivalents of two New Testament terms (βλασφημία ‘blasphemy’ and τελώνης‘publican’). The matches suggested for the first term are quite transparent, whereas those for the second have a vaguer etymology.
Looma- ja linnunimetused kohanimedes ja nimeandmispõhimõtted
Authors: Faster Mariko , Saar Evar
Published: September 2019

Kõik loomulikud kohanimed on sünnihetkel nime andva väikse kogukonna jaoks motiveeritud. Artiklis on tutvustatud nimeandmispõhimõtteid – millised on kohanimede tekkemotiivide kõige tavalisemad võimalused. Kohanimedes esinevate loomanimetuste puhul saab ilmekalt näidata, kuidas nime leksikaalse koostise mõistmine üksinda ei aita veel mõista, millisest situatsioonist on kohanimi alguse saanud või miks ühel konkreetsel kohal on just seda loomanimetust sisaldav nimi. Sissejuhatavalt peatutakse kohanimede leksikaalsemantilisel ja tekkesemantilisel läbipaistvusel. Nimeandmispõhimõtteid on artiklis klassifitseeritud loomanimetuste leksikaalse kategooriaga kõige paremini kokku sobival moel: 1) sündmus; 2) looma tüüpiline esinemine kohas; 3) nimes väljenduv metafoor; 4) tüüpilise esinemise või metafoori alusel tekkinud liitsõna; 5) kohaga on seotud inimene, kelle nimi pärineb loomanimetusest; 6) olemasoleva kohanime varieerimine. Artiklis on juttu ka otsesest ja kaudsest nimeandmisest. Otsesel nimeandmisel luuakse nime ja koha vahele otsene tähendussuhe. Kaudsel nimeandmisel saab koht nime tekkivate assotsiatsioonide põhjal, mis esinevad selgelt piiritlemata kompleksina.Animal and bird names in place names and emergent naming principles. All naturally formed place names are motivated by the small naming community at the moment of their birth. The article introduces some principles of naming, offering an insight into the most common motives and patterns of place name formation. Animal names occurring in place names exemplify how understanding a name’s lexical content is not enough to understand which situation has motivated this particular place name, nor why a certain place has a name containing that particular animal name. In the introduction, the lexical-semantic and syntactic-semantic transparency of place names are discussed. The naming principles in the article have been classified to most closely fit the lexical categories of the animal names. Those naming principles are: 1) event; 2) animal’s typical occurrence at the place; 3) metaphor expressed in the name; 4) compound word based on typical occurrence or metaphor; 5) person whose name comes from an animal name and who has some connection to the place; 6) variation of the existing place name. The article also discusses direct and indirect naming. When a name is given directly, a direct semantic link is created between the name and the place. In the case of indirect naming, the naming is based on associations occurring as a clearly undefined complex.
Interpretative Approach to Translation
Authors: Миньяр-Белоручева А. , Minyar-Belorucheva A. , Покровская М. , Pokrovskaya M.
Published: September 2019

The issues of translation are in the focus of attention of translation theorists and linguists, for whom the linguistic approach has been dominant for decades. Translation theory and practice are noted for numerous theories and models that have been developed to explain the complex process of switching from one language to another. This article discusses the interpretative model of translation, which excludes the concept of “untranslatability”, put forward by Von Humboldt in the 19th century, which some scholars accepted in the 20th century as well. Translation is a multidimensional and multifaceted process, the mechanisms of which are in the focus of the representatives of different academic disciplines. In place of the linguistic approach, which was dominant for a long time, recently new theories, approaches and models have emerged; among them the interpretative model is considered to be one of the most cogent.
Trust in Procurement Interactions
Authors: Fugger Nicolas , Katok Elena , Wambach Achim
Published: September 2019

When complex procurement projects are conducted, it is often not possible to write complete contracts. As a consequence, the relationship between buyer and supplier is important for the success of the project. In this paper we investigate the claim that auctions in procurement can be detrimental for the buyer–supplier relationship, which is in line with the observation that reverse auctions are less frequently conducted if projects are complex. A poor relationship can result in a decrease in trust on the part of the buyer during the sourcing process and an increase in the supplier’s opportunistic behavior following sourcing. We consider a setting in which the winning supplier decides on the level of quality to provide to the buyer, and we compare a standard reverse auction and a buyer-determined reverse auction, both analytically and in the laboratory. We find that the buyer-determined reverse auction can perform better than the standard reverse auction from both the buyer’s and the suppliers’ perspective. In a buyer-determined reverse auction, it may be optimal for the buyer to select the supplier who submitted a higher bid, which may in turn induce this supplier to deliver higher quality. Standard auctions, however, yield lower prices but reduce cooperation. The degree of trust, as reflected by a larger number of transactions and a higher average efficiency of trade, is significantly higher in buyer-determined reverse auctions. Theoretical reasoning based on other-regarding preferences organizes our data well.

This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Multiagent Mechanism Design Without Money
Authors: Balseiro Santiago R. , Gurkan Huseyin , Sun Peng
Published: September 2019

Efficient Allocation of Resources Without Money
MNL-Bandit: A Dynamic Learning Approach to Assortment Selection
Authors: Agrawal Shipra , Avadhanula Vashist , Goyal Vineet , Zeevi Assaf
Published: September 2019

We consider a dynamic assortment selection problem where in every round the retailer offers a subset (assortment) of N substitutable products to a consumer, who selects one of these products according to a multinomial logit (MNL) choice model. The retailer observes this choice, and the objective is to dynamically learn the model parameters while optimizing cumulative revenues over a selling horizon of length T. We refer to this exploration–exploitation formulation as the MNL-Bandit problem. Existing methods for this problem follow an explore-then-exploit approach, which estimates parameters to a desired accuracy and then, treating these estimates as if they are the correct parameter values, offers the optimal assortment based on these estimates. These approaches require certain a priori knowledge of “separability,” determined by the true parameters of the underlying MNL model, and this in turn is critical in determining the length of the exploration period. (Separability refers to the distinguishability of the true optimal assortment from the other suboptimal alternatives.) In this paper, we give an efficient algorithm that simultaneously explores and exploits, without a priori knowledge of any problem parameters. Furthermore, the algorithm is adaptive in the sense that its performance is near optimal in the “well-separated” case as well as the general parameter setting where this separation need not hold.
Platform Strategy: Managing Ecosystem Value Through Selective Promotion of Complements
Authors: Rietveld Joost , Schilling Melissa A. , Bellavitis Cristiano
Published: September 2019

Platform sponsors typically have both incentive and opportunity to manage the overall value of their ecosystems. Through selective promotion, a platform sponsor can reward successful complements, bring attention to underappreciated complements, and influence the consumer’s perception of the ecosystem’s depth and breadth. It can use promotion to induce and reward loyalty of powerful complement producers, and it can time such promotion to both boost sales during slow periods and reduce competitive interactions between complements. We develop arguments about whether and when a platform sponsor will selectively promote individual complements and test these arguments on data from the console video game industry in the United Kingdom. We find that platform sponsors do not simply promote “best in class” complements; they strategically invest in complements in ways that address complex trade-offs in ecosystem value. Our arguments and results build significant new theory that helps us understand how a platform sponsor orchestrates value creation in the overall ecosystem.
PROGRAMAS DE SUPLEMENTAÇÃO ALIMENTAR COM LEITE E A AGENDA DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Vessoni André Teixeira , Jaime Patricia Constante
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho descreve os programas de suplementação alimentar com leite nos estados e capitais brasileiras e discute sua pertinência e adequação perante a agenda brasileira de segurança alimentar e nutricional. Métodos: Realizou-se mapeamento (via websites dos governos) e descrição (via formulário eletrônico a órgãos da administração pública) dos programas existentes. À luz de recortes do II Plano Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e da Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição, foram feitas reflexões acerca dos programas descritos. Resultados: Foram mapeados programas em 14 estados e cinco capitais. Foram descritos seis programas, quatro estaduais (PAA-Leite, em Minas Gerais e Pernambuco; VivaLeite, em São Paulo; Provimento Alimentar Institucional, no Distrito Federal) e dois municipais (Leve Leite, em São Paulo; Leite do Meu Filho, em Manaus). Estes foram avaliados quanto ao uso de bases de cadastro social no planejamento e monitoramento; aproximação das políticas de incentivo a agricultura familiar; aproximação da agenda de promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável às crianças menores de dois anos. Conclusões: O PAA-Leite e Provimento Alimentar Institucional são os que mais se aproximam dos pressupostos e desafios da agenda de segurança alimentar e nutricional. O VivaLeite, Leve Leite e Leite do Meu Filho são os que mais se distanciam desta.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2019.37229
EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM ESCOLAS: UMA VISÃO DO BRASIL
Authors: Ottoni Isabela Cicaroni , Domene Semiramis Martins Álvares , Bandoni Daniel Henrique
Published: September 2019

Objetivos: Analisar as ações de educação alimentar e nutricional no Brasil e ampliar nossa compreensão sobre sua aplicação nas escolas. Métodos: Estudo exploratório transversal que utilizou banco de dados secundário obtido do Prêmio de Gestor Eficiente da Merenda Escolar, de 2010. Participaram do prêmio, neste ano, 786 municípios. As variáveis relacionadas à Educação Alimentar e Nutricional foram: execução de ações e as estratégias teórico-metodológicas utilizadas para realizá-las. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva com o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para dados quantitativos e o método de Análise de Conteúdo para dados qualitativos. Resultados: A maioria relatou a execução de hortas pedagógicas e uso de alimentos da agricultura familiar, principalmente na Região Sul do Brasil, com diferença estatisticamente significante (p <0,05). Discussão: Houve predomínio de métodos passivos e ações pontuais na implementação da educação alimentar e nutricional nas cidades brasileiras, assim como a valorização da nutrição (nutrientes e funções) em detrimento da alimentação e da cultura alimentar local. Conclusões: A implementação de metodologias ativas com abordagem integral à alimentação deve ser estimulada no ambiente escolar. A experiência do Programa pode ser importante para a implementação de diretrizes para a educação alimentar e nutricional e sua execução em escolas. DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2019.38748
INTERVENÇÕES GASTRONÔMICAS E ANÁLISE DA ACEITABILIDADE EM UM RESTAURANTE UNIVERSITÁRIO NA CIDADE DE BELÉM-PA
Authors: Maciel Iza Jacqueline Lopes , De Souza Vanessa Cristina Silva , Andrade Nilma Castro , Da Conceição Laíza de Kássia Mendes , Morais Bruno Henrique Dos Santos
Published: September 2019

Introdução: As intervenções gastronômicas são uma iniciativa inovadora que enriquece o trabalho do nutricionista e agrega valor às refeições preparadas. Objetivo: A pesquisa teve por objetivo executar intervenções gastronômicas no cardápio de um restaurante universitário da cidade de Belém-PA, para analisar a aceitabilidade, o resto-ingestão e a aparências das refeições. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e quali-quantitativo, no qual uma equipe de gastronomia observou a produção de três cardápios usuais do restaurante universitário na pré-intervenção, aplicando, posteriormente, intervenções gastronômicas como tipo de corte, métodos de cocção, entre outros. Antes e após a aplicação das intervenções, foi realizado teste de aceitabilidade, resto-ingestão e registro fotográfico. Resultados e Discussões: A pesquisa teve participação média de 84% dos comensais nas duas etapas. O registro fotográfico mostrou poucas diferenças na aparência, pois as mudanças ocorreram na palatabilidade. Com as intervenções, o teste de aceitabilidade mostrou que houve redução na insatisfação dos usuários quanto aos pratos principais, além de elevar a porcentagem de aceitabilidade dos cardápios para acima de 85%, que é o mínimo segundo os valores de referência. Após as intervenções, o resto-ingestão foi reduzido e as sobras sujas chegaram a zero. Os resultados obtidos foram positivos e semelhantes a outras pesquisas que realizaram intervenções gastronômicas no cardápio. Conclusão: Mesmo não havendo alterações visuais das refeições nas bandejas, foi a modificação do sabor e textura dos alimentos que contribuiu para o sucesso dos resultados. Associar os conhecimentos de Nutrição às práticas gastronômicas promove aperfeiçoamento nos cardápios, além de despertar e incentivar estudos sobre esse assunto.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2019.38974
Prospective evaluation of parental anxiety related to newborn foot disorder
Authors: Mahan S. T. , Miller P. E. , May C. J. , Kasser J. R.
Published: September 2019

Purpose

The presence of a clubfoot is often found prenatally and some families seek counselling with a specialist. The purpose of this study was to compare the parental anxiety levels in families that: a) knew prenatally and had prenatal counselling; b) knew prenatally but did not seek prenatal counselling; and c) did not know until after delivery.

Methods

This prospective cohort study evaluated the anxiety of parents as they presented to the paediatric orthopaedic clinic with their newborn with a foot disorder (prior to the diagnostic confirmation of clubfoot). Each family filled out the ‘Pre-visit orthopaedic surgeon questionnaire’ and then after the initial visit with the orthopaedic surgeon (confirming the clubfoot diagnosis) the family filled out the ‘Immediately post-visit orthopaedic surgeon questionnaire’. Through these questionnaires, anxiety level was assessed prior to meeting postnatally with the paediatric orthopaedic specialist, as well as after the meeting and compared across groups.

Results

A total of 121 parents completed questionnaires: 71% (86/121) confirmed clubfoot; 69% of families (59/86) received prenatal counselling (Group A); 16% (14/86) knew prenatally but had no counselling (Group B); and 15% (13/86) found out at birth (Group C). There was no difference in anxiety levels across groups before (p = 0.78) or after (p = 0.57) meeting with the paediatric orthopaedic surgeon; however, overall anxiety reduced significantly (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

We found no difference in the anxiety levels of across the three groups. Prenatal counselling for parents of children with likely clubfoot may not decrease parental anxiety, but nonetheless is very appreciated by the families who receive it.

Level of Evidence

Prognostic Level II
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF): how to improve osseointegration in hip arthroplasty secondary to avascular necrosis in sickle cell disease
Authors: George Akintunde , Ellis Marianne , Gill Harinderjit Singh
Published: September 2019

Many studies in the literature have been carried out to evaluate the various cellular and molecular processes involved in osteogenesis. Angiogenesis and bone formation work closely together in this group of disorders. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) which is stimulated in tissue hypoxia triggers a cascade of molecular processes that helps manage this physiological deficiency. However, there still remains a paucity of knowledge with regard to how sickle cell bone pathology, in particular avascular necrosis, could be altered when it comes to osseointegration at the molecular level. Hypoxia-inducible factor has been identified as key in mediating how cells adapt to molecular oxygen levels. The aim of this review is to further elucidate the physiology of hypoxia-inducible factor with its various pathways and to establish what role this factor could play in altering the disease pathophysiology of avascular necrosis caused by sickle cell disease and in improving osseointegration. This review article also seeks to propose certain research methodology frameworks in exploring how osseointegration could be improved in sickle cell disease patients with total hip replacements and how it could eventually reduce their already increased risk of undergoing revision surgery.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:567-575. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180030
What determines the audiences that public service organisations target for reputation management?
Authors: Boon Jan , Verhoest Koen , Wynen Jan
Published: September 2019

Why do public sector organisations target different stakeholder audiences in their reputation management? Despite the recognition that reputation management is an audience-based exercise, the field lacks studies that systematically analyse which audiences matter for reputation management by different public service organisations. This article examines reputation management by public service organisation in a multi-audience framework. The relevance of different audiences is surveyed at public service organisations that differ in formal-legal distance from government, task, size and environmental turbulence. The strongest and broadest effects are found for more autonomous organisations, who focus their reputation management more on politicians in general and the media and less on their directly responsible Minister.
Applying design science in public policy and administration research
Authors: Romme A Georges L , Meijer Albert
Published: September 2019

There is increasing debate about the role that public policy research can play in identifying solutions to complex policy challenges. Most studies focus on describing and explaining how governance systems operate. However, some scholars argue that because current institutions are often not up to the task, researchers need to rethink this ‘bystander’ approach and engage in experimentation and interventions that can help to change and improve governance systems. This paper contributes to this discourse by developing a design science framework that integrates retrospective research (scientific validation) and prospective research (creative design). It illustrates the merits and challenges of doing this through two case studies in the Netherlands and concludes that a design science framework provides a way of integrating traditional validation-oriented research with intervention-oriented design approaches. We argue that working at the interface between them will create new opportunities for these complementary modes of public policy research to achieve impact.
The prioritisation of choice in eldercare: the case of Ireland
Authors: Lolich Luciana
Published: September 2019

In recent decades, there has been a prioritisation of choice in eldercare in many Western countries. In many policy documents, choice is framed as giving older adults the choice to be cared for at home. The article draws on secondary sources to trace the impact of a logic of choice in eldercare in Ireland. It situates the analysis within the re-conceptualisation of care as a commodity and the home-care worker as the most ‘efficient’ option. The article examines the limitations of choice and questions whether choice should be the most important aspect of care in old age.
PENGARUH TERAPI TAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN KECEMASAN PADA NARAPIDANA
Authors: Widyastuti Citra
Published: September 2019

This study aims to examine whether there is an effect of laughter therapy on reducing anxiety in prisoners. The assumption that was built for the first time in this study was that there was an effect of laughter therapy on reducing anxiety in prisoners. Participants in this study were prisoners who had a sentence of more than one year or known as class B1 prisoners. The sampling technique in data collection used was by random sampling technique. The measuring instrument used is an anxiety scale which amounts to 25 items, taken from aspects of anxiety Jeffry Nefid (2006). The therapy module used is a modification of the module made by Madan Kataria (2004). The data analysis method carried out in this study used the SPSS version 11.05 program facility to test whether there was an effect of laughter therapy on the anxiety of inmates. The T test used shows a very significant effect of laughter therapy on reducing anxiety in prisoners, this can be seen from the value of t = 7, 102. So the research hypothesis is accepted. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji apakah ada pengaruh terapi tawa terhadap penurunan kecemasan pada narapidana. Asumsi yang dibangun untuk pertama kali dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh terapi tawa terhadap penurunan kecemasan pada narapidana. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah narapidana yang memiliki masa hukuman diatas satu tahun atau yang dikenal dengan narapidana golongan B1.Teknik sampling dalam pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah dengan Teknik random sampling. Adapun Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala kecemasan yang berjumlah 25 aitem, diambil dari aspek-aspek kecemasan Jeffry S Nefid (2006). Modul terapi yang digunakan merupakan modifikasi dari modul yang dibuat oleh Madan Kataria (2004). Metode analisis data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan fasilitas program SPSS versi 11.05 untuk menguji apakah ada pengaruh terapi tawa terhadap kecemasan ada narapidana. Uji T yang  digunakan menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang sangat signifikan terapi tawa terhadap penurunan kecemasan pada narapidana, hal ini terlihat dari nilai t = 7, 102. Sehingga hipotesis penelitian diterima.
PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK NEGERI PEMBINA SEMARANG
Authors: Rakhmawati Ellya , Maulia Desi , Suyati Tri , Suharno Agus
Published: September 2019

The implementation of character education for students at school is done through various ways and is adjusted to condition and environment of the school. The researchers want to find out the implementation done by educators or caregivers of school institution sustainably to observe changes on habits and attitudes of the students completely. The implementation of character education of early children at Pembina Public Kindergarten Semarang is done qualitatively by using descriptive method. The participants are 40 children of B2 and B3 groups, 4 kindergarten teachers, and the principal. The instruments of the research are observation, interview, and documentation. Findings show that character education at the kindergarten can be implemented through habituation in daily life activities. The kindergarten becomes pilot project to promote character education in Semarang city. Varieties of characters to be developed at the kindergarten are taken based on its vision. Character education of Pembina Public Kindergarten Semarang has been lasting for 9 years by bringing positive impacts for the students, school, and parents.
KEBAHAGIAAN PADA PASANGAN SUAMI ISTRI DENGAN USIA PERNIKAHAN DI ATAS 50 TAHUN
Authors: Izzah Ismatul
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to describe the happiness of couples with a marriage age above 50 years. The informants consisted of two pairs of husband and wife with a marriage age above 50 years. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation and interviews with data analysis techniques consisting of data codification, triangulation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study show that married couples feel happy shown by having an attitude of gratitude and sincerity for all that is owned or through it from young to old age. The two pairs of subjects believed that in carrying out human life, God's protection was needed and there was God's intervention so that the desire to draw closer to God was stronger in the two pairs of subjects. The factors that influence the happiness of a married couple are (a) the purpose of marriage (b) commitment (c) communication (d) romanticism (e) utilization of time together with spouse (f) religion.
Functionalization of Wool Fabric Using Pineapple Peel Extract (PPE) as a Natural Dye
Authors: Sheikh Javed , Agrawal Ashutosh , Garg Harsh , Agarwal Aashi , Mathur Prasun
Published: September 2019

Large quantities of pineapple peel waste are discarded every year that can be used for extraction of useful textile functionalization chemicals. In the present work, pineapple peel extract (PPE) was used for simultaneous dyeing and multifunctional finishing of wool fabric. The PPE was used for dyeing wool fabrics, with and without mordants. The dyed fabrics were characterized and evaluated for color values and fastness properties. The functional properties of the dyed fabrics viz. antibacterial activity, UV protection, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. It was confirmed that wool fabric can be dyed using pineapple peel extract without mordants; however, additional color strength can be gained using pre-mordanting. The dyed fabrics showed light shades with good fastness properties along with excellent functional properties.
The Production Efficiency and Specific Energy Consumption During Processing of Corn Extrudates with Fresh Vegetables Addition
Authors: Lisiecka Katarzyna , Wójtowicz Agnieszka
Published: September 2019

The aim of the work was to determine the influence of screw speed and variable amounts of fresh vegetable additives on selected aspects of extrusion-cooking of corn-vegetable blends. Corn grit as a basic component was supplemented with a fresh pulp of beetroot, carrot, leek and onion in amounts of 2.5-10% in the recipe. The extrusion-cooking was carried out using a single-screw extruder in the temperature range 120-145°C and extrudates were formed into directly expanded snacks. Two indicators were measured: the production efficiency (Q) and the specific mechanical energy (SME) consumption. As a result of the findings it was noted that the rotational speed of the extruder’s screw showed a greater impact on both production efficiency and SME as compared to the variable amounts of applied additives. A tendency to increased efficiency and specific mechanical energy consumption was observed along with the increase of screw speed during processing. The highest production efficiency was observed if fresh leek and onion were used as additives and the highest extrusion speed screw was applied. The largest specific energy consumption was noted during the extrusion-cooking of blends containing fresh carrot and onion addition at high screw speed.
Impact of Print Speed on Strength of Samples Printed in FDM Technology
Authors: Miazio Łukasz
Published: September 2019

This paper presents research on the impact of printing speed on the strength of a manufactured object and is the next stage of the author's research on the impact of technological parameters of 3D printing on the strength of printed models. The tested universal specimens were printed using the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) method from PLA (polylactic acid, polylactide). The paper presents the maximum breaking force of the samples and the time of printing samples depending on the printing speed, which varied from 20 mm·s−1 to 100 mm·s−1. The research indicates that the strength of samples decreases with increasing speed. In the range of 50-80 mm·s−1, the strength of the specimens remined at a similar level, however, above 80 mm·s−1, it decreased significantly.
Methods for Asssessing Energy Efficiency of Grain Dryers
Authors: Nowak Janusz , Przystupa Wojciech
Published: September 2019

The article presents an algorithm for calculating selected energy assessment indexes for grain driers. Particular attention was paid to the conversion of the equations obtained for the operating conditions of the drying process into equations allowing the calculation of indexes for the standard drying conditions. The indexes obtained allow a proper comparison of dryers operating in varied atmospheric conditions, as well as humidity and temperature of the dried material.
Checklist of the vascular flora of Wielkopolska (Poland): casual alien species
Authors: Jackowiak Bogdan , Celka Zbigniew , Chmiel Julian , Latowski Karol , Żukowski Waldemar
Published: September 2019

The list of alien vascular plant species only temporarily occurring in Wielkopolska refers to the previously published list of native and permanently established plants. Together, these two lists document the vascular flora of this region at the beginning of the 21st century. The current list, like the previous one, is a result of critical analysis of both contemporary and historical data, collected since the beginning of the 19th century. All information accessible in herbarium collections, publications and unpublished materials was used. A critical analysis was conducted at the taxonomic, nomenclatural, chorological and habitat levels, based on the verification of negative information not supported by sufficient arguments. The list is presented in an alphabetical order. Information on each species includes: family affinity, life form, geographic and historic status. In cases particularly disputable, the standard characteristic of a species was supplemented with an additional commentary.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of within-subject and between-subject biological variation estimates of 20 haematological parameters
Authors: Coskun Abdurrahman , Braga Federica , Carobene Anna , Tejedor Ganduxe Xavier , Aarsand Aasne K. , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Díaz-Garzón Marco Jorge , Bartlett William , Jonker Niels , Aslan Berna , Minchinela Joana , Boned Beatriz , Gonzalez-Lao Elisabet , Marques-Garcia Fernando , Perich Carmen , Ricos Carmen , Simón Margarita , Sandberg Sverre
Published: September 2019

Background

Interpretation of the complete blood count (CBC) parameters requires reliable biological variation (BV) data. The aims of this study were to appraise the quality of publications reporting BV data for CBC parameters by applying the BV Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) and to deliver global BV estimates based on BIVAC compliant studies.

Methods

Relevant publications were identified by a systematic literature search and evaluated for their compliance with the 14 BIVAC criteria, scored as A, B, C or D, indicating decreasing compliance. Global CVIand CVGestimates with 95% CI were delivered by a meta-analysis approach using data from BIVAC compliant papers (grades A–C).

Results

In total, 32 studies were identified; four received a BIVAC grade A, 2 B, 20 C and 6 D. Meta-analysis derived CVIand CVGestimates were generally lower or in line with those published in a historical BV database available online. Except for reticulocytes, CVIestimates of erythrocyte related parameters were below 3%, whereas platelet (except MPV and PDW) and leukocyte related parameters ranged from 5% to 15%.

Conclusions

A systematic review of CBC parameters has provided updated, global estimates of CVIand CVGthat will be included in the newly published European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine BV Database.
Variation and serial correlation of modulus of elasticity between and within European oak boards (Quercus robur and Q. petraea)
Authors: Tapia Cristóbal , Aicher Simon
Published: September 2019

This research aimed at describing the tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE), density and knot variability between and within oak (Quercus robur, Q. petraea) boards, which is essential for the stochastic modeling of wooden composites, such as glulam. Longitudinal deformations for 100-mm long cells were measured. The local density variation along boards revealed a very low mean coefficient of variation (COV) of 3%. The global MOE was precisely predicted from local (cell) MOEs, which span from 2.6 to 22 GPa. The mean COV of local MOE along board length was 12%, with extremes of 3% and 28%. The cell-related relationships of MOE with either density or knot area ratio showed low R-values of 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. A multivariate linear regression with both variables increased the MOE prediction to R = 0.6, which is below the literature results for beech and spruce wood. A serial correlation analysis of the local MOE was performed for board segments quasi-free of knots and for all cells, investigating different normalization approaches. Applying no MOE normalization delivered too high correlations due to pronounced inter-board MOE variations. A normalization based on an averaged maximum MOE per board delivered reasonable serial correlation results for the first four lags of the MOE knot-free variation (0.61; 0.38; 0.19 and 0.08). Considering also the knot-affected cells reduced the serial correlation roughly by a factor of 2.
Uncovering the ultrastructure of ramiform pits in the parenchyma cells of bamboo [Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.]
Authors: Lian Caiping , Zhang Shuqin , Liu Xianmiao , Luo Junji , Yang Feng , Liu Rong , Fei Benhua
Published: September 2019

Pits are the main transverse channels of intercellular liquid transport in bamboo. Ramiform pits are a special type of simple pit with two or more branches. However, little is known about the morphology and physiological functions of ramiform pits. The anatomy of plants can provide important evidence for the role of cells. To better understand the ultrastructure and the structure-function relationship of ramiform pits, their characteristics need to be investigated. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative features of ramiform pits were studied using field-emission environmental scanning electron microscopy (FE-ESEM). The samples included the native structures and the replica structures obtained by resin castings. The results show that the ramiform pits have a diverse morphology that can be divided into main categories: type I (the primary branches) and type II (the secondary branches). The distribution of ramiform pits is different in ground parenchyma cells (GPCs) and vascular parenchyma cells (VPCs). The number, the pit aperture diameter and the pit canal length of ramiform pits in the VPCs were, respectively, greater (3-fold), larger (2–3-fold) and shorter (1.3-fold) than those in the GPCs.
Tracing local energy markets: A literature review
Authors: Mengelkamp Esther , Diesing Julius , Weinhardt Christof
Published: September 2019

We conduct a structured literature review on the concept of local energy markets (LEMs). LEMs have gained increasing attention in the last two decades. Yet, a holistic definition and clear demarcation of LEMs is still missing. The review shows current works to shift their focus from conceptual implementation and design to increasingly realistic applications of LEMs. Secure access to (near) real-time smart meter data is a prerequisite for LEMs. Current research gaps, e. g. the inclusion of network constraints, agent-centric LEM designs or a comparison of market mechanisms, are identified.
Comparative Analysis of Methane Concentration Near the Junction of the Longwall and Top Road
Authors: Zmarzły Marian , Trzaskalik Paweł
Published: September 2019

Mining of longwalls ventilated by the „U” method is willingly applied in Polish coal-mines due to low costs of workings maintenance, low costs of ventilation and a lower fire threat because of a limited flow of air through goafs. However, such a way of ventilation may pose an increased risk of methane explosion. For this reason, the “U” ventilation has been limited in longwalls with methane risk. The mining regulations in force provide that ventilation methane-bearing capacity, i.e. the intensity of methane flow into the ventilation air cannot exceed 20 m3 CH4/min. The regulations also provide that in the event the absolute methane-bearing capacity, i.e. a sum of methane released to the ventilation air and captured by the methane drainage system is higher than 25 m3 CH4/min and the “U” method of ventilation is applied, the effectiveness of methane drainage should be minimum 50% in relation to the forecast absolute methane-bearing capacity. To streamline the process of ventilation near the junction of the longwall and the gallery carrying off the used air, auxiliary ventilation means are applied, such as a ventilation partition, a ventube – which supplies air without methane or with a low concentration of methane, injectors etc. Application of these means is limited by the cross-section of the heading carrying off the air from the longwall. Deformations of the ventilating roadway, which is usually located in the one-sided vicinity of goafs, may prevent the use of a ventilation partition, which has a negative influence on the conditions of ventilating the junction of the longwall and ventilating roadway. The author of the article also refers to such conditions, presenting average values and maximum concentrations of methane concentrations recorded with four methane concentration sensors, located in the vicinity of the junction of the longwall and ventilating roadway.
A Review of TRIZ Tools for Forecasting the Evolution of Technical Systems
Authors: Chybowska Dorota , Chybowski Leszek
Published: September 2019

This article presents tools used in the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) which are useful when assessing the evolution direction of technical systems. The following matters are discussed: the S-shaped curve, laws (trends and lines) of the evolution of technical systems, multi-screen diagrams, as well as analysis of evolutionary potential. Inventive laws formulated by Gienrich Altshuller as well as laws previously formulated by a Polish writer and promoter of knowledge, Aleksander Głowacki, writing under the pen name Bolesław Prus, have been presented. Finally the innovation roadmaps have been shown. The use of individual tools has been supported by practical examples taken from research performed by the authors, and the usefulness of individual methods was evaluated. All methods have been compared and evaluated.
Safety Management of Water Economy. Case Study of the Water and Sewerage Company
Authors: Karwot Janusz , Ober Józef
Published: September 2019

This study addresses the issues of water management safety management in the context of shaping the appropriate level of municipal services in Poland, related to quality standards and the availability of water resources for enterprises and the local community. The literature review presents examples of activities concerning the evaluation of the quality and availability of groundwater and their suitability for domestic and commercial use in the world. The key parameters of water intended for human consumption, which affect its quality, have been selected based on the literature and the Polish standards set out in the regulation. On this basis, appropriate parameters for case-study research were selected. In the following, the analytical methods and tools used to assess water quality were characterized. In the case study example, the analysis of water parameters from selected three different intakes in 2015-2017 (Tęczowa, Stodoły and GPW Rybnik-Północ) was performed and the functioning and role of the internal Water and Sewage Laboratory in the safety management of water economy in the water and sewerage company has been presented.
A mathematical analysis for the blade coating process of Oldroyd 4-constant fluid
Authors: Shahzad Hasan , Wang Xinhua , Mughees Muhammad , Sajid Muhammad , Ali Nasir
Published: September 2019

A mathematical study of an Oldroyd 4-constant fluid for a blade coating process is studied in this paper. The results for plane as well as exponential coaters are analyzed. Suitable dimensionless variables are used to convert the model governing equations into dimensionless form. Lubrication approximation theory is applied to simplify the dimensionless form of governing partial differential equations. The well-known numerical technique known as the shooting method is used to solve the non-linear boundary value problem. Influence of the involved rheological parameters on the blade coating process is analyzed. From an engineering point of view, load on the blade and pressure are important outcomes of the present study as they ensure the thickness and quality of coating and enhance the life of the substrate. The effects of material parameters on load, thickness, velocity, pressure and pressure gradient are discussed. Obtained results for velocity, pressure gradient and pressure distribution are shown graphically, whereas load and thickness are expressed in a tabulated form.
Applications of magnetic resonance imaging in chemical engineering
Authors: Benders Stefan , Blümich Bernhard
Published: September 2019

While there are many techniques to study phenomena that occur in chemical engineering applications, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) receives increasing scientific interest. Its non-invasive nature and wealth of parameters with the ability to generate functional images and contrast favors the use of MRI for many purposes, in particular investigations of dynamic phenomena, since it is very sensitive to motion. Recent progress in flow-MRI has led to shorter acquisition times and enabled studies of transient phenomena. Reactive systems can easily be imaged if NMR parameters such as relaxation change along the reaction coordinate. Moreover, materials and devices can be examined, such as batteries by mapping the magnetic field around them.
Alternatives for Financing of Municipal Investments - Green Bonds
Authors: Aleksandrova-Zlatanska Svetlana , Kalcheva Desislava Zheleva
Published: September 2019

The perspective of global climate change emerges as a significant political, economic, financial and social issue. Scientific researches show that the accumulated carbon dioxide (CO2), released by the industry and agriculture, together with the contribution of man-made greenhouse gases leads to a rise in the temperature of the earth's surface. Traditional sources of financing capital expenditure, such as own revenues and bank financing have proved to be extremely insufficient. At the same time, not only traditional municipal needs, such as costs for street, road, bridge, school construction etc., but also the need of investments related to climate change have been on the rise. The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze alternatives for financing climate change-related municipal investments. The subject of the research is green bonds and the so-called Subnational Pooled Financing Mechanisms, which have already gained popularity in Western Europe but are not yet well known in Eastern Europe. The positive aspects and opportunities that the green bond market reveals as well as the barriers to this type of financing are assessed and an analysis of the practice of bond financing in Europe is made.
The consumer explained from the perspective of the extended self
Authors: Manolică Adriana , Roman Teodora , Ciurdea Ioana Daniela
Published: September 2019

Although the extended self is a relatively new concept, over the years it has developed rapidly, being the subject of study of several marketing researches. Our possessions contribute to reflecting our identity, so it is very important to look at how people expand their self in relation to others and how possessions become part of themselves. We can not hope to understand the behavior of consumers without first gaining a certain understanding of the attention they give to their possessions. The main findings until now show that certain objects accelerate the interest of the consumer for the actual consumption, because the consumption helps define people about what they are. Our aim is to deepen this idea through a survey.
Social performance–based interventions promote gains in social knowledge in the absence of explicit training for youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Marro Bianca M. , Kang Erin , Hauschild Kathryn M. , Normansell Karys M. , Abu-Ramadan Tamara M. , Lerner Matthew D.
Published: September 2019

Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience deficits in social knowledge. It has long been theorized that these youth must learn these skills explicitly, and social skills interventions (SSIs) have followed suit. Recently, performance-based SSIs have emerged, which promote in vivo opportunities for social engagement without explicit instruction. Effects of performance-based SSIs on social knowledge have not been examined. This study employs two discrete samples (one lab-based, one community-based) of youth with ASD to examine the effects of performance-based interventions on social knowledge. Results largely support the efficacy and effectiveness of improving social knowledge by performance-based interventions without explicit teaching. This indicates that youth with ASD may be able to learn these aspects of social cognition implicitly, rather than exclusively explicitly. The results of the current study also suggest that SSI content, dosage, and intensity may relate to these outcomes, which are important considerations in clinical practice and future studies.
Monitorização da oferta do oxigênio suplementar em neonatos: desafios e potências
Authors: Cruz Vanessa Oliveira Ossola da , Lanzillotti Luciana da Silva , Zin Andrea , Entringer Aline Piovezan , Araujo Marcelle Campos , Silva Roberto Carlos Lyra da
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: avaliar as práticas da equipe multidisciplinar na monitorização de oxigênio suplementar ofertado para recém-nascidos. Métodos: estudo transversal, com dados provenientes de um instrumento observacional relacionado à monitorização da oferta do oxigênio. A coleta de dados foi em um mês, no plantão diurno, o qual foi observado a prática de 104 profissionais resultando em 22 dias observados e 188 monitores checados pela própria pesquisadora. Resultados: a relação de monitores corretos, comparado a configuração está desligado e alterado o ajuste, resultou em mediana de 0,43 e desvio padrão de 0,17. Ou seja, 57,0% dos monitores não estavam no ajuste adequado. Vale destacar que 100,0% dos recém-nascidos estavam monitorizados e em uso do blender. Conclusão: constata-se que as práticas desenvolvidas pela equipe multidisciplinar nesta instituição estão de acordo com a Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria diante de todos os recém-nascidos estarem monitorizados e em uso do blender na oferta do oxigênio suplementar.