bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Base de Exportação do Oeste Paranaense 2000/2010/2020
Authors: Christ Gabriela Daiana , Strauch Allan Georges Nakka , Alves Lucir Reinaldo , Piffer Moacir
Published: July 2022

Diversificar a base de exportação da região pode ser um caminho a ser feito para o desenvolvimento regional. Este estudo procura identificar o perfil exportador do Oeste Paranaense quanto ao comércio internacional de bens entre 2000, 2010 e 2020. Classificado como uma pesquisa quantitativa, estudo de caso descritivo e usando dados secundários, a partir da análise dos dados fornecidos pelo Ministério da Economia, Estatísticas de Comércio Exterior em Dados Abertos (Comex Stat). Apresentam-se os dados da economia do estado do Paraná e a sua importância em âmbito regional e nacional. Verificou-se que em 2020 os principais produtos exportados da região do Oeste Paranaense – em relação ao valor (US$) –, trata-se de animais vivos e produtos do reino animal, sendo o principal destino e parceiro comercial a China.
La responsabilidad social corporativa. Estudio de la aplicación al medio ambiente y su viabilidad en el contexto urbano
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de València, Palmero Iglesias Luis , Marí Farinós Jesús ,   Universitat Politècnica de València
Published: July 2022

La gestión medioambiental de las empresas y organizaciones en general se va a ir interiorizando en el funcionamiento y las estructuras negociales, vinculándose conceptual y cronológicamente a la mejora de la reputación corporativa, a la gestión de la excelencia, del conocimiento y de la innovación, entroncando, indudablemente también, con la asunción de un compromiso ético de la empresa con la sociedad: la sostenibilidad medioambiental y la solidaridad generacional en la transmisión de la cultura y los valores de tal naturaleza.
Desubjectivizing discourse through the use of the periphrasis haber que + infinitive in Spanish
Authors: Serrano María José
Published: July 2022

The present investigation analyzes the use of a construction traditionally described as impersonal: the periphrasis haber que + infinitive. This is a variable phenomenon in Spanish grammar studied as a meaningful choice based on the cognitive conceptualization of salience. The construction conveys a meaning of duty, obligation, recommendation or convenience by which the speaker accepts the situation described as unavoidable. Its use is analyzed in the texts of the Corpus Interaccional del Español, which comprises a wide range of genres and communicative situations. The hypothesis posed is that the meaning conveyed by haber que + infinitive contributes to the shaping of a communicative style based on the desubjectivity cognitive dimension.
Toward the morpho-syntactic annotation of an Old English corpus with universal dependencies
Authors: Martín Arista Javier
Published: July 2022

The aim of this article is to take the first steps toward the compilation of a treebank of Old English compatible with the framework of Universal Dependencies (UD). Such a treebank will comprise morphological and syntactic annotation of Old English texts adequate for cross-linguistic comparison, diachronic analysis and natural language processing. The article, therefore, engages in four tasks: (i) identifying the Old English exponents of UD lexical categories; (ii) selecting the Old English exponents of UD morphological features; (iii) finding the areas of Old English morphology that require token indexing in the UD format; and (iv) checking on the relevance of the universal set of dependency relations. The data have been extracted from ParCorOEv2, an open access annotated parallel corpus Old English-English. The main conclusions are that the annotation format calls for two additional fields (gloss and morphological relatedness) and that enhanced dependencies are required in order to account for some syntactic phenomena.
Estudios de lingüística aplicada II
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de València, Skorczynska Hanna , Carrió Pastor María Luisa ,   Universitat Politècnica de València, Del-Saz Rubio Mª Milagros ,   Universitat Politècnica de València, Tamarit Vallés Inmaculada ,   Universitat Politècnica de València
Published: July 2022

El libro se estructura en dos secciones.La primera, titulada 'Análisis del discurso' contiene estudios en el área del discurso de especialización,así como del discurso literario.La segunda sección se centra en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas: desde el español como lengua extranjera, la adquisición del lenguaje metafórico y aprendizaje-servicio,hasta la evaluación, el inglés profesional y el uso de la web para el desarrollo de las destrezas orales
Screendance festivals
Authors: Pairy Blas , Arnal Rodrigo Rafael Vicente
Published: July 2022

A través de esta colección se pretende comunicar los últimos análisis desarrollados en el estudio de la videodanza, incluyendo todas las manifestaciones de film de danza. En cada número de la colección se presenta un estudio sobre un tema concreto que podrá estar basado en aproximaciones históricas a la videodanza, análisis de géneros, subgéneros y tendencias, aplicación de análisis fílmico y los procesos e intenciones de creación, recepción y producción de la videodanza. Junto a este análisis reflexivo, se incluyen estudios de casos y de experiencias concretas que proporcionan una visión más completa al lector. A su vez, es de destacar el catálogo de obras sobre creadores concretos junto a una breve reseña que acompaña cada monográfico
The Modified Interest Checklist: Translation and Cultural Adaptation Among an Arabic-Speaking Inpatient Psychiatric Sample
Authors: Sarsak Hassan Izzeddin
Published: July 2022

Importance: People with mental disorders usually have emotional, behavioral, and physical health problems, such as decreased enjoyment of life and lack of interest. It is important to have an assessment to measure these problems because interest is a powerful psychological state that makes people fully engaged and focused. Measuring people’s level of interest provides an understanding of their needs, behaviors, thoughts, and personalities.

Objective: To develop and culturally adapt the Arabic translation of the Modified Interest Checklist for Arabic-speaking clients with psychiatric disorders.

Design: A multistage process involving cognitive debriefing and back translation.

Setting: Two inpatient mental health hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

Participants: Eighty-eight English- and Arabic-speaking adult clients with psychiatric disorders.

Results: Significant moderate agreement was found between the scores obtained from the two versions (p < .000). The κ measurement of agreement was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [0.42, 0.76]).

Conclusions and Relevance: The Arabic translation of the Modified Interest Checklist was generated for potential use in research and clinical practice with Arabic-speaking clients with psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions. Further validation of the developed Arabic version is imperative.

What This Article Adds: This brief report provides a culturally adapted Arabic translation of the Modified Interest Checklist that could be useful to rehabilitation professionals who would like to use this checklist for Arabic-speaking clients with psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions.
Linking Antiracist Action From the Classroom to Practice
Authors: Johnson Khalilah R. , Kirby Anne , Washington Selena , Lavalley Ryan , Faison Tomeico
Published: July 2022

In the wake of sociopolitical movements to address health inequities and race-based violence in the United States, there have been calls to take up antiracist practices in the occupational therapy profession. This call aligns with Vision 2025 and requires intentional dialogue and instruction on racism and antiracism, beginning in occupational therapy academic programs. Although it is important to engage in discussions on racism and antiracism, it is equally imperative that members of the profession take action to ameliorate the consequences of racism. In this column, we argue for the need for occupational therapy educators to take immediate action. We provide specific recommendations and strategies to broach these topics, examples of classroom activities, and practical approaches for translating these skills to fieldwork settings. Continued work is needed to establish robust policies and practices to ensure that all occupational therapy program graduates enter the workforce prepared to promote health equity through antiracism.
Estimativa dos Parâmetros Biomassa e Carbono da Floresta Estacional Decidual, RS, Brasil
Authors: Missio Francieli de Fatima , Longhi Solon Jonas , Bueno Raquel de Oliveira
Published: July 2022

Introdução: As florestas são consideradas importantes para a conservação ambiental, principalmente como sumidouras de carbono. Compreender o funcionamento das floretas é de suma importância para estabelecer programas de mitigação do efeito estufa. Objetivo: Nesse sentido o presente trabalho objetivou quantificar o estoque de carbono e biomassa em um trecho de floresta secundária. Material e métodos: Para isso, foi obtido, do levantamento florístico e fitossociológico, as espécies com maior valor de importância e utilizados o DAP e altura. Variáveis alométricas para o cálculo do volume total. Para cada espécie foi obtido a densidade básica da madeira. O estoque de carbono foi determinado pela multiplicação da biomassa por 0,5. E o carbono convertido em CO2 multiplicado por 3,67. Resultado e discussão: Esse estudo demonstrou que a vegetação secundária apresentou biomassa acima do solo equivalente a uma floresta resiliente. E que seu estoque de carbono, principalmente para as espécies Nectandra lanceolata, Hovenia dulcis, Casearia sivestris e Cupania vernalis foram as que mais se destacaram em valor. No entanto, destaca-se que a ocorrência da espécie exótica invasora mesmo estocando carbono, sobrepõem a ocorrência de outras espécies nativas. Conclusão: Todas as espécies nativas utilizadas nesse estudo contribuem em serviços ecossistêmicos, sendo possível verificar as que mais estocam carbono, sendo importantes para programas de restauração.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan, Kesadaran Dan Pendapatan Masyarakat Terhadap Perilaku Membayar Zakat Mal Di Desa Sikapas Mandailing Natal
Authors: Sri Sudiarti, Nurul Jannah Antika Fitri,
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of knowledge, awareness and income on people's behavior in paying zakat malls in Sikapas Mandailing Natal Village. This research was motivated by irregularities in the practice of paying zakat malls in Sikapas Mandailing Natal Village, one of the irregularities was that at the time of zakat payments, muzakki mall did not clearly state the amount of nishab of property based on the source of the property owned to mustahiq zakat. This research method was carried out with a total sample of 100 respondents determined by the calculation technique proposed by Slovin with the purposive sampling method by distributing questionnaires to respondents by distributing them directly. The analytical techniques used are data quality test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis test using the SPSS version 22 program. The results of the analysis in this study showed that knowledge had a positive and significant effect on the behavior of paying zakat malls, awareness had a positive and significant effect on the behavior of paying zakat malls, and income variables did not affect the behavior of paying zakat malls. The percentage of the influence of the variables of knowledge, awareness and income on people's behavior in paying zakat malls together was 72%.
ATRIBUIÇÕES DA CTNBIO
Authors: ANDRADE ANA CECILYA FERREIRA , SANGLARD DEMERSON ARRUDA , MAGALHÃES LUIZ PEDRO PEREIRA , KPADONOU DIVELLO FÉLIX , AMORIM PHELIPE SOUZA
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A CTNBio (Comissão Técnica Nacional de Biossegurança ) é uma instância colegiada multidisciplinar, criada através da lei nº 11.105, de 24 de março de 2005, cuja finalidade é prestar apoio técnico consultivo e assessoramento ao Governo Federal na formulação, atualização e implementação da Política Nacional de Biossegurança relativa a OGM's (Organismos Geneticamente Modificados). Objetivos: Efetuar um apanhado atualizado sobre o arcabouço de atribuições da CTNBio. Material e métodos: Pesquisou-se informações no próprio sítio eletrônico da CTNBio. Resultados: Principais atribuições: (i) Acompanhar o desenvolvimento técnico e científico em Biossegurança e em áreas afins, objetivando a proteção de consumidores e meio ambiente; (ii) Relacionar-se com instituições voltadas para a engenharia genética em nível nacional e internacional; (iii) Propor o Código de Ética de Manipulações Genéticas; (iv) Estabelecer regulamentos relativos às atividades de projetos que contemplam construção, cultivo, manipulação, uso, transporte, armazenamento, comercialização, consumo, liberação e descarte relacionados à OGMs; (v) Classificar os OGMs quanto ao grau de risco; (vi) Estabelecer os mecanismos das CIBios (Comissões Internas de Biossegurança) nas mais variadas instituições que atuem com engenharia genética; (vii) Emitir Pareceres Técnicos sobre os projetos relacionados a OGMs pertencentes ao Grupo II, encaminhandoos aos órgãos competentes; (viii) Emitir Pareceres Técnicos prévios conclusivos sobre quaisquer liberações de OGMs no meio ambiente, encaminhando-os aos órgãos competentes; (ix) Emitir Pareceres Técnicos prévios conclusivos sobre registros, usos, transportes, armazenamentos, comercializações, consumos, liberações e descartes de produtos contendo OGMs ou derivados, encaminhando-os aos órgãos de fiscalização competentes; (x) Divulgar no Diário Oficial da União os resultados de processos que lhe forem submetidos a julgamento, bem como as conclusões de Pareceres Técnicos. Conclusão: A CTNBio completou 25 anos de prestação de serviços ao país em 2021, cumprindo um papel importantíssimo na proteção ambiental, saúde (humana e animal) e promoção do avanço científico. As avaliações se estendem a OGM's das mais variadas naturezas; sejam plantas, células humanas, animais ou micro-organismos.
USO INDISCRIMINADO DE ANTIBIÓTICOS E RESISTÊNCIA MICROBIANA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: SANTOS RADSON BRUNO FRANCISCO DOS , MORAIS LAVÍNIA EMMANUELLY HONORATO , DELLALIBERA EDILEINE
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Os antibióticos são definidos como drogas capazes de eliminar ou impedir a multiplicação de bactérias, sendo usados nos tratamentos de infecções bacterianas. Contudo, o uso indiscriminado vem fazendo com que as bactérias se tornem resistentes aos tratamentos, originando a condição de Resistência Antimicrobiana Adquirida (RAM), que ocorre quando o bacilo muda ao longo do tempo e deixa de responder aos medicamentos que eram anteriormente suscetíveis. Objetivo: Compilar informações, a fim de se compreender os fatores que levaram ao aumento da resistência microbiana, além de entender os riscos e impactos de tais problemáticas, principalmente no ambiente de saúde pública no Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, de natureza básica, procedimento bibliográfico e da metodologia qualitativa, realizado através do uso de artigos da base BVS – Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde –, com os Descritores em Ciência da Saúde “Antibióticos” e “Resistência Microbiana a Antibióticos”, revistas de clínica médica, além de orientação analítico-descritiva. O período de pesquisa utilizou-se dados de 2019 até 2022. Resultados: O uso irracional de antibióticos vem aumentando diariamente, estando entre os medicamentos mais prescritos em hospitais e centros de média e baixa complexidade. Na atualidade, estima-se que 700 mil mortes sejam causadas anualmente por doenças que anteriormente eram tratadas com antimicrobianos. Além dos fatores comuns de resistência, como o uso não prescrito e mutações naturais dos microrganismos, o agravamento da problemática foi oriundo do desconhecimento e notícias falsas disseminadas principalmente no início da pandemia do SARS-coV-2, fazendo com que a terapia antimicrobiana saísse do ambiente hospitalar e passasse a ser utilizada amplamente pela população leiga. No Brasil, a taxa de consumo é 22,75% maior entre os países americanos e grande parte sendo desnecessária. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a RAM é um fenômeno de caráter multifatorial, sendo preciso, portanto, a anuência na adoção de diretrizes eficazes para controlar melhor o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos, melhorar a prescrição por parte dos médicos e haver uma consciência da população, para melhorar o conhecimento dos limites do uso e das ameaças que isso traz.
Association between obesity and COVID-19
Authors: Lim Soo
Published: July 2022

Background: Since December 2019, most countries have struggled with the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). During the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, weight gain became prevalent because the preventive measures against the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in decreased physical activity and increased consumption of unhealthy food among the general public.Current Concepts: Several mechanisms have been proposed for the association between obesity and COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravates inflammation and hypoxia in obese people, which can lead to severe COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 affects the immune system, resulting in various complications. Several cytokines, including interleukin-6, are integral to the progression of COVID-19. Thus, COVID-19-associated inflammation and immune dysfunction predispose patients to the complications of obesity, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.Discussion and Conclusion: Obese patients are commonly prescribed antidiabetic agents, blood pressure lowering medications, and lipid-lowering medications such as statins. The routine intake of these drugs is a protective factor against all-cause mortality. During the COVID-19 pandemic, preventive measures, such as minimizing team sports and closing public exercise facilities, might have contributed to the weight gain in obese individuals. Thus, an active lifestyle with regular home exercise and a healthy diet should be advised for obese patients.
Improvement of supportive systems for medically-underserved areas
Authors: Lim Sun Mi , Kim Kye Hyun
Published: July 2022

Background: In order to encourage physicians to work in medically-underserved areas, it is imperative to provide financial incentives and appropriate supportive systems. This paper reviews the concept of medically-underserved areas in Korea is welestablished with reasonable criteria and that the budget and the policy direction of the manpower support are effective.Current Concepts: Some recommendations may be needed to expand the supportive policy for medically-underserved areas. First, the selection criteria for medically-underserved areas should be revised and the evaluation index improved. Second, it is imperative to secure consistency in the legal system by containing overall contents on the definition, criteria, designation procedure, and support matters of medically-underserved areas through the revision of the Public Health and Medical Service Act. This consistency may designate and support medically-underserved areas according to the subject and type through health care resources distribution and condition at the national level. Third, an integrated regional medical service plan should be prepared through the construction of an inter-medical institution cooperation system, effort, and cooperation among parties having diverse interests. Fourth, the incentive system should be improved to secure medical personnel in medically-underserved areas. Fifth, the introduction of untact medical services and related governmental support to the area having insufficient medical personnel is needed.Discussion and Conclusion: The Korean government should seek new supportive measures and models for physicians to continue working in medically-underserved areas.
An Assistance of Building Children Character through Social Education Poster at Karyamukti Village
Authors: Khumairo Aisyah , Anggriliana Pepsa
Published: July 2022

The character was a very important aspect in assessing the quality of human resources and becomes the basic foundation in developing social skills in the future. This article aimed to give an assistance of building the children character through media social of education posters at Karyamukti Village, Sekampung District, East Lampung Regency. One of the media that can be used to improve the children development was visualization media. The researchers used Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) that utilize the potential asset of students at community. The subject was 20 children at Karyamukti Village.Â Four stages activities in analyzing program involved preparing program, arrange the program, describing material, and evaluation program. The result showed that the implementation of this activity was effectively and received a large enough participation from the children and the benefits either form children and parents. The successful activities can be seen from the enthusiasm and following of the children to build their own character in participating in this educational poster activity

Keywords: Children Character, Social Education Poster, Building Children Character
Relationship Between Municipal Services and Happiness Level: An Empirical Study from TR90 Region in Turkey
Authors: ÇITAK Ferhat , ÇAKIR Canan
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates the relationship between services offered by municipalities and individuals' self-reported levels of happiness using data from 2013 obtained in the Life Satisfaction Survey (LSS), which is Turkey’s first nationally representative survey at the city-level. In this study, we focused only on cities located in the TR90 region. The findings highlight that satisfaction with municipal services varies from city to city. In particular, municipal services such as garbage/ environmental waste collection, air pollution quality, public safety, amount of green space, health/fitness center facilities, zoning/settlement/licensing, regulations for disabled people, lighting, fire, cemetery, street sign/exterior numbering and inspection of food processing facilities were found to affect the individuals’ happiness.
Türkiye için Fisher Etkisinin Analizi: Doğrusal Olmayan ARDL Modeli Yaklaşımı
Authors: BİLGİN Cevat
Published: July 2022

Fisher hipotezi nominal faiz oranı ile enflasyon oranı arasındaki ilişkinin varlığını tanımlamaktadır. Nominal faiz oranı enflasyondaki değişimlere önemli ölçüde tepki vermektedir. Türkiye’de 1981-2020 dönemi için Fisher ilişkisinin geçerliliği doğrusal olmayan otoregressif gecikmesi dağıtılmış (NARDL) modelinin tahmin edilmesi ile araştırılmaktadır. Bu model, değişkenler arasındaki asimetrik etkileri de dikkate alan doğrusal olmayan ilişkiyi araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Tahmin edilen modelden elde verdiği sonuçlar nominal faiz ile enflasyon arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığını onaylamaktadır. Elde edilen uzun dönemli esneklik katsayıları enflasyondaki değişimin faiz üzerinde güçlü bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Enflasyondaki artışın etkisini gösteren katsayı enflasyondaki düşüşün etkisini gösteren katsayıya göre bir miktar daha yüksektir. Ancak, her ikisi de oldukça güçlü bir etkiyi işaret etmektedir.
Intercultural communication barriers between Zulu and Chinese students at selected higher education institutions in Durban
Authors:   , Zheng Jin
Published: July 2022

This study presents the research of an investigation into the intercultural communication barriers between Zulu and Chinese students at selected Higher Education Institutions in Durban. To achieve this aim, two sets of questionnaires were administered separately to Zulu and Chinese students at two HEIs in Durban and an observation report was compiled. This study reviewed theories and literature relevant to defining and understanding the barriers to intercultural communication. The insights gained from this literature review were used to interpret the results which were obtained through a quantitative and qualitative research methodology. The findings revealed that intercultural communication barriers do exist between Zulu and Chinese students. Findings also found that language problems amongst Zulu and Chinese students are viewed as common barriers, especially where the communicators speak different languages. Comments from respondents revealed that a communicators‟ accent, different grammar structure and the words they use are confusing during their intercultural communication experience. Cultural differences and language problems were found to be the main intercultural communication barriers. In addition, the problems of nonverbal communication, racism, ethnocentrism, cultural stereotyping were also viewed as obstacles of the intercultural communication process.
Crisis communication planning and management at higher education institutions in KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Hussain Sameera Banu
Published: July 2022

The National Plan for Higher Education (2001) provides a framework for achieving the vision of a single co-ordinated higher education system. In order to meet the goals of this plan, various technikons and universities had to merge. Pityana (2004: 4-5) points out that, in addition to opportunities, various challenges have also emerged from these mergers. One such challenge is that higher education institutions may find themselves in tensions with their partners which may result in disagreements that could lead to crisis situations. Marconi (2005: 262) argues that, in crisis situations, the pace of the conflict accelerates dramatically. This means that the affected parties have to react very quickly or risk having their ability to protect their interests substantially reduced, hence the need for a crisis communication plan. Implicit in this plan is the importance of communication. McCusker (2006: 108) maintains that, often in crisis a situation, communication gets distorted. As a result, rumours often supplant real facts. Thus, clear communication needs to be pre-planned and increased during a crisis. This dissertation, therefore, sets out to investigate the role of communication during the planning and management of crises at higher education institutions in KwaZulu-Natal. It reports on preliminary results of in-depth interviews conducted at higher education institutions in KwaZulu- Natal and offers recommendations so that crises planning and management may be improved upon.
The Itinerant Curriculum as an Alternative Pathway for Responsiveness in African Higher Education in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Fomunyam Kehdinga
Published: July 2022

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is upon us, and it has serious implications for education globally. The educational curricula used in the first, second, and third industrial revolutions may not necessarily be useful in this era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), as societal and organisational demands have changed. Curricula in African higher education needs therefore to adapt to the changing demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or else students may be unprepared for the demands of future organisations and the society. Therefore, to enhance the responsiveness of the curriculum in Africa, this paper examines the itinerant curriculum as an alternative pathway to other highlighted curricula in the literature. The study posits how the itinerant curriculum can be used to achieve curriculum responsiveness, economically, culturally, disciplinarily, and in learning. The study concludes that the itinerant curriculum is an important tool that can help African higher education achieve curriculum responsiveness in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Detection of Varroa destructor Mite and Nosema spp. in Bee Samples From Bulgaria
Authors: Salkova Delka , Gurgulova Kalinka
Published: July 2022

This study is focused on the investigation of honey bee samples for the presence of
the two most common and widely distributed honey bee parasites. In a two-year
period during 2020-2021, 185 bee samples were tested. All samples were examined
by morphological and light microscopic methods. The obtained results showed that
32.43% of bee samples were infested with Varroa destructor. The degree of infection
in the bees ranged from 0.5% to 60%. Spores of Nosema spp. were established in
25.40% of samples with a degree of invasion in the range from 3x105
to 26x106 per
bee. Mixed infections of both parasites were observed in 32.43% of the samples.
Negative samples were with the lowest value of 9.74%.
Impacto del ejercicio aeróbico en enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales
Authors: Pereira Rodriguez Javier Eliecer , Mariano-Fernández Elizabeth , Hernández-Romero Rolando José , López-Mejía Camilo Andrés , Rojas-Romero Arley Fernando , Delgadillo-Espinosa William Alberto
Published: July 2022

Introducción: El tratamiento integral para pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales incluye entrenamiento físico, dados los efectos fisiológicos que se generan. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto del ejercicio aeróbico en el tratamiento para los pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales.Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas de ensayos clínicos (enero 2015- junio 2020) en bases de datos indexadas tales como: Ebsco, Scopus, Medline, Medscape, PubMed Central, EMBASE, Redalyc, DOAJ y OVID. Se utilizó la estrategia PICO, Cochrane y escala de PEDro en cada estudio seleccionado.Resultados: Se incluyeron 11 ensayos clínicos para esta revisión y la calidad de los estudios fue media-alta. Todos los estudios incluyeron el componente de entrenamiento con ejercicio aeróbico combinado con otras estrategias como el desarrollo de fuerza, resistencia y flexibilidad. Se demostraron cambios significativos en más del 50% de los estudios para el componente de la capacidad aeróbica, consumo máximo de oxígeno, función cardiovascular y calidad de vida. Sin embargo, otros estudios, no demostraron diferencias significativas en pruebas de función pulmonar, cambios en variables ventilatorias, de intercambio gaseoso o cardiovasculares tal como señalan algunos autores en los estudios realizados.Conclusiones: El ejercicio aeróbico demostró ser un componente que mejoró resultados en la capacidad aeróbica, evidenciados en la distancia y metros recorridos post caminata de 6 minutos, así como en la calidad de vida, consumo máximo de oxígeno, fuerza y resistencia, mas no en variables ventilatorias e intercambio gaseoso.
Prevalence of Alcohol and Drug Abuse amongStudents in Chuka University, Kenya
Authors: Mugambi Kanga Dr. Benjamin
Published: July 2022

Alcohol and drugs abuse especially among the youth is on increase in many parts of the World. University students have been reported as the most affected by the challenge of alcohol and drugs abuse world over. In Kenya the National Campaign against Drug Abuse (NACADA) report has indicated that 84% of youth between 16 to 24 years are involved in alcohol and drug abuse. University students fall under this age bracket. To mitigate this all universities in Kenya are required to have Alcohol and Drugs Abuse prevention committees and policy. This study aimed at finding out the prevalence of Alcohol and Drugs Abuse in Chuka University. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population was 15,290 Chuka University students. Simple random sampling technique was employed to choose 384 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for windows was used to analyze data. Data was presented in frequency distribution tables, bar chart and pie charts.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Wanprestasi Secara Non Litigasi Melalui Mediasi Oleh Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Libas Pada Perkara Perdata Di Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Andyspahlawan Aljuna
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the resolution and obstacles faced in non-litigation settlement of default in breach of contract through mediation by the Libas Legal Aid Institute in Ngawi. The method used in this study is socio-legal research. The data is obtained by interviews and documentation using qualitative analysis through collecting and presenting the result. It is shown from one of the cases resolved in Karanganyar District is that each party and Libas Legal Aid went through several stages, namely mutual understanding, first mediation meeting, separate meeting, second mediation, final decision making, and conclusion. While Libas Legal Aid faced several challenges including the lack of understanding between the parties, the long process, the difficulties of negotiation, and the lack of knowledge from the mediator. These challenges can be resolved if the mediator has good faith to resolve the dispute, has broad insight and knowledge of the issue, and can convince both parties that a dispute will be resolved together and the mediator must disclose all forms of possible conflict of interests and must be able to minimize the occurrence of the further issue.
 
Keywords: Default, Mediation, Legal Aid.
 
 
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui penyelesaian dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi secara non litigasi melalui mediasi oleh Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Libas pada perkara perdata di Kabupaten Ngawi. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian hukum empiris. Guna memperoleh data digunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menganalisis data yang telah terkumpul lalu menyajikannya dan terakhir adalah menarik kesimpulan dari hasil tersebut. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan akan didapat alur penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi secara non litigasi melalui mediasi di Kecamatan Karanganyar Kabupaten Ngawi yakni masing-masing anak dari “SM”, “SK” dan LBH Libas melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pemahaman, pertemuan mediasi pertama, pertemuan terpisah, pertemuan mediasi kedua, pembuatan keputusan akhir dan penutupan. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh LBH Libas antara lain kurangnya pemahaman para pihak pada pokok perkara, prosesnya berlangsung lama, para pihak dirasa sulit untuk bernegosiasi, berkomitmen dan terbuka serta kurangnya pengetahuan mediator dalam penguasaan permasalahan. Kendala-kendala tersebut dapat teratasi dengan mudah bila seorang mediator mempunyai itikad baik untuk menyelesaikan sengketa tersebut, mempunyai wawasan dan pengetahuan yang luas, dapat meyakinkan kedua belah pihak bilamana suatu sengketa akan dapat terselesaikan secara bersama-sama dan mediatorpun harus mengungkapkan segala bentuk kemungkinan terjadinya benturan kepentingan serta harus dapat meminimalisir terjadinya konflik.
           
Kata Kunci: Wanprestasi, Mediasi, Lembaga Bantuan Hukum.
Aerosol first indirect effect of African smoke in marine stratocumulus clouds over Ascension Island, south Atlantic Ocean
Authors: de Graaf Martin , Sarna Karolina , Brown Jessica , Tenner Elma , Schenkels Manon , Donovan Dave
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The first indirect or Twomey effect was measured in marine stratocumulus clouds over the south Atlantic Ocean. Measure- ments were collected over Ascension Island, a remote spot between the African and South American continents. This area is known for its persistent broken cloud cover and smoke intrusions from vegetation fires in Africa during the monsoonal dry period. The interactions between aerosols and clouds are among the least understood climatic processes and were studied over Ascension using a combination of in-situ and remote sensing instruments. Particularly, a new method using a ground- based UV-polarisation lidar to infer cloud droplet sizes and droplet number concentrations was tested against more traditional radar-radiometer measurements. The lidar measurements show to be robust and at least as accurate as the lidar-radiometer measurements and have the large advantage of depending on a single instrument. The UV-lidar was deployed on Ascension for one month in the summer of 2016 and one month in the summer of 2017. In 2016, the presence of smoke in the troposphere decreased the effective cloud droplet size and increased the average droplet number distribution. In 2017, alignment problems of the lidar prohibited conclusions about a Twomey effect. The cloud microphysical properties showed differences between the two years depending on the meteorological circumstances.
How to learn more about hydrological conditions and phytoplankton dynamics and diversity in the eastern English Channel and the southern bight of the North Sea? the SRN data set (1992–2021)
Authors: Lefebvre Alain , Devreker David
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This article describes the historical data series produced by the SRN network managed by Ifremer. Since 1992, the SRN (‘Suivi Régional des Nutriments’ in French; Regional Nutrients Monitoring Programme) network has been analysing phytoplankton species and measuring twelve physicochemical parameters at ten different stations distributed along three different transects located in the Eastern English Channel, and the Southern Bight of the North Sea. The SRN collects a maximum of 184 samples per year and detects up to 281 taxa, including harmful algal bloom species (HABs), with a bi-weekly to monthly sampling frequency (depending on the location and the season). The objectives of this monitoring program are to assess the influence of continental inputs on the marine environment, and their implications on possible eutrophication processes. It also aims to estimate the effectiveness of development and management policies in the marine coastal zone. The regular acquisition of data allows the establishment of a long-term monitoring of the evolution of coastal water quality, as well as the observation of the consequences of large-scale alterations and modifications that are more related to regional anthropogenic activities. This paper provides an overview of the main characteristics of SRN data (descriptive statistics and data series main patterns) as well as an analysis of temporal trends using specific numerical tools available as an R package to help make use of such data. Main results of several research projects are also highlighted providing the readers with examples of what is doable with such a data set.
Design and construction of an automated and programmable resistivity meter for shallow subsurface investigation
Authors: Cruz Júnior Antenor Oliveira , Pontes-Neto Cosme Ferreira , Wiermann André
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Geoelectrical resistivity is an excellent method to investigate the structural composition of shallow subsurfaces. However, existing commercial equipment is typically expensive and often requires proprietary accessories and software to provide full system functionality. The objective of this study was to develop a multichannel, modular, automated, and programmable geo-resistivity meter capable of customization and programming by the user. To this end, a conceptual prototype was built based on free software and open hardware technologies as a low-cost alternative to commercial equipment, while maintaining the accuracy and quality of the data at the same level. The prototype was based on electrode multiplexing to make the switching process more efficient by reducing cabling complexity, while synchronous demodulation for signal detection was employed, providing strong rejection of spurious electrical noise, typical of urban areas where such equipment is frequently used. The results show the feasibility of this project and demonstrate an important academic contribution to open-source instrumental research.
The Earth system model CLIMBER-X v1.0 – Part 1: Climate model description and validation​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
Authors: Willeit Matteo , Ganopolski Andrey , Robinson Alexander , Edwards Neil R.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The newly developed fast Earth system model CLIMBER-X is presented. The climate component of
CLIMBER-X consists of a 2.5-D semi-empirical statistical–dynamical atmosphere model, a 3-D frictional–geostrophic ocean model, a dynamic–thermodynamic sea ice model and a land surface model. All the model components are discretized on a regular
lat–long grid with a horizontal resolution of 5∘×5∘. The model has a throughput of ∼ 10 000 simulation years per day on a single node with 16 CPUs on a high-performance computer and is designed to simulate
the evolution of the Earth system on temporal scales ranging from decades to >100 000 years.
A comprehensive evaluation of the model performance for the present day and the historical period shows that CLIMBER-X is capable of realistically reproducing many observed climate characteristics, with results that generally lie within the range of
state-of-the-art general circulation models. The analysis of model performance is complemented by a thorough assessment of
climate feedbacks and model sensitivities to changes in external forcings and boundary conditions. Limitations and applicability
of the model are critically discussed.
CLIMBER-X also includes a detailed representation of the global carbon cycle and
is coupled to an ice sheet model, which will be described in separate papers.
CLIMBER-X is available as open-source code and is expected to be a useful tool for studying past climate changes and for the investigation of the long-term future evolution of the climate.
Widespread flooding dynamics changing under climate change: characterising floods using UKCP18
Authors: Griffin Adam , Kay Alison , Sayers Paul , Bell Victoria , Stewart Elizabeth , Carr Sam
Published: July 2022

Abstract. An event-based approach has been used to explore the potential effects of climate change on the spatial and temporal coherence of widespread flood events in Great Britain. Time series of daily mean river flow were generated using a gridded national-scale hydrological model (Grid-to-Grid) driven by the 12-member ensemble of regional climate projections from UKCP18. Gridded flow series were generated nationally for 30-year baseline (1980–2010) and future (2051–2080) time-slices from which sets of widespread extreme events were extracted. These events were defined as exceeding an at-site 99.5th percentile (equivalent to two days per year) simultaneously over an area of at least 20 km2, allowing events to last up to 14 days. This resulted in a set of 14,400 widespread events: approximately 20 events per year, per ensemble member, per time-slice. Overall, results have shown that events are more temporally concentrated in winter in the future time-slice compared to the baseline. Distributions of event area were similar in both time-slices, but the distribution of at-site return periods showed some heavier tails in the future time-slice. Results were consistent across ensemble members, with none showing significant difference in distribution.
Changes in nonlinearity and stability of streamflow recession characteristics under climate warming in a large glaciated basin of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Jiarong , Chen Xi , Gao Man , Hu Qi , Liu Jintao
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The accelerated climate warming in the Tibetan Plateau after 1997 has profound consequences in hydrology, geography, and social wellbeing. In
hydrology, the change in streamflow as a result of changes in dynamic water storage that originated from glacier melt and permafrost thawing in the
warming climate directly affects the available water resources for societies of the most populated nations in the world. In this study, annual
streamflow recession characteristics are analyzed using daily climate and hydrological data during 1980–2015 in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin
(YRB) of the southern Tibetan Plateau. The recession characteristics are examined in terms of dQ/dt = − aQb and the response/sensitivity of streamflow to changes in groundwater storage. Major results show that climate warming has significantly increased the nonlinearity of the response (b) and streamflow stability [log(a)] in most subbasins of the YRB. These changes in the recession characteristics are attributed to the opposite effects of increases in the available water storage and recession timescale on the recession. Climate warming has increased subbasin water storage considerably due to more recharge from accelerated glacier melting and permafrost thawing after 1997. Meanwhile, the enlarged storage lengthens recession timescales and thereby decreases the sensitivity of discharge to storage. In the recession period when recharge diminished, increased evaporation and the decreased buffering effect of frost soils under warmer temperatures accelerate the initial recession of streamflow. By contrast, enlarged storage and lengthened recession timescales slow down the recession. While reservoir regulations in some basins have helped reduce and even reverse some of these climate warming effects, this short-term remedy can only function before the solid water storage is exhausted should the climate warming continue.
Simulation of the current and future dynamics of permafrost near the northern limit of permafrost on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhao Jianting , Zhao Lin , Sun Zhe , Niu Fujun , Hu Guojie , Zou Defu , Liu Guangyue , Du Erji , Wang Chong , Wang Lingxiao , Qiao Yongping , Shi Jianzong , Gao Junqiang , Wang Yuanwei , Li Yan , Yu Wenjun , Zhou Huayun , Xing Zanpin , Xiao Minxuan , Yin Luhui , Wang Shengfeng
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Permafrost has been warming and thawing at a global scale with subsequent effects on the climate, hydrological, ecosystem and engineering system. However, the variation of permafrost thermal state in the northern lower limit of the permafrost zone (Xidatan) on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is unclear. To evaluate and project the permafrost changes, this study simulated the spatiotemporal dynamics of this marginal permafrost historically (1970–2019) based on the detailed investigation and monitoring datasets from 1987 in this study region, improved remote sensing-based Land Surface Temperature product (LST) and climate projections from Global Climate Model (GCM) outputs of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and 6 (CMIP5, CMIP6). Our model takes into consideration of phase change processes of soil pore water, thermal property difference between frozen and thawed soil, geothermal flux flow, and ground ice effect. The results indicate that 1) our model can consistently reproduce the ground temperature field and active layer thickness (ALT), is superior in recognizing permafrost boundaries, and would realistically capture the evolution of the permafrost thermal regime, 2) spatial distribution of permafrost and its thermal conditions over the study area were controlled by elevational with a strong influence of slope aspects, 3) from 1970 to 2019, the regional averaged means annual ground temperature (MAGT) had warmed by 0.49 °C in the continuous permafrost zone and 0.40 °C in the discontinuous permafrost zone, and the lowest elevation of permafrost boundary (on north-facing slopes) rose approximately 47 m, as well as the northern boundary of discontinuous permafrost has approximately retreated southwards 1~2 km, while the lowest elevation of permafrost boundary remains unchanged for continuous permafrost zone, 4) the warming rate in MAGT is projected to be slighter higher under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) than that of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), but no distinct discrepancies in the areal extent of the continuous, discontinuous permafrost and seasonally frozen ground among SSP and RCP scenarios. This study highlights the slow delaying process in the response of mountain permafrost to a warming climate, especially in terms of the areal extent of permafrost distribution.