bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUDIDAYA HIDROPONIK TOGA SEBAGAI METODE ALTERNATIF PENGOBATAN HIPERTENSI DI PONDOK CABE
Authors: Dwisatyadini Mutimanda , Diki Diki , Kurniawati Heny , Utami Sri , Hewindati Yuni Tri , Waskito Adi
Published: May 2019

Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kesehatan kota Tangerang Selatan, (2013) penderita hipertensi 20.891 orang.Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dengan penyuluhan dan mendemonstrasikan cara budidayahidroponik tanaman obat untuk metode alternatif pengobatan hipertensi kepada Ibu-Ibu PembinaanKesejahteraan Keluarga di Rw. 03, Pondok Cabe Udik, Pamulang. Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat didapatkansebelum penyuluhan mengenai hipertensi responden berpengetahuan kurang baik sebesar 51% (18 dari 35responden), dan berpengetahuan cukup 49% (17 dari 35 responden). Setelah responden berpengetahuan baik100% (35 responden). Sebelum penyuluhan dan pelatihan responden tidak mengetahui mengenai hiroponik,sebesar 77% (27 dari 35 responden). Setelah responden dapat mengetahui mengenai hidroponik sebesar 100%(35 responden). Ketidaktahuan responden terhadap tanaman obat sebelum penyuluhan sebesar 83% (29 dari 35responden). Setelah responden menjadi sangat tahu sebesar 100% (35 responden). Responden tidak pernahmemanfaatkan TOGA sebelum penyuluhan sebesar 89% (31 dari 35 responden). Setelah responden yangmemanfaatkan TOGA 100% (35 responden). Terlihat adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dansetelah penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai hipertensi, tanaman obat, budidaya hidroponik, terhadap gayahidup (p=0,002), pola makan (p=0,000), kebiasaan istirahat (p=0,003), pengetahuan hidroponik (p=0,000),pengetahuan TOGA (p=0,000), pemanfaatan TOGA (p=0,000), Pengetahuan Hipertensi (p=0,000).
Reinterpretando la Dislexia. Propuesta diferenciadora para una neurodidáctica inclusiva
Authors: Sánchez-Domenech Iluminada
Published: May 2019

Hasta la aparición de las técnicas de neuroimagen las investigaciones sobre la Dislexia se centraron en el déficit fonológico como uno de los factores causales. Estas técnicas han permitido avanzar en el conocimiento anatómico-funcional de las distintas áreas del cerebro revelando la amplitud y complejidad de la red de lectura del cerebro.
Con el objetivo de una mayor compresión de este trastorno del neurodesarrollo, se analizan los últimos avances sobre las funciones neuroanatómicas de las distintas áreas del cerebro implicadas en la lectura y las investigaciones sobre la etiología neurológica de la Dislexia. Se concluye con la necesidad de considerar un trastorno del neurodesarrollo sensorial localizado en áreas primarias auditiva y visual que conlleva  un deficiente procesamiento de la información viso-espacio-temporal. Se considera la Dislexia, y por tanto también el déficit fonológico, como una consecuencia de este trastorno. Esta diferenciación permite visibilizar otros síntomas menos atendidos por la investigación y la didáctica.
Se extraen implicaciones cognitivas del déficit del procesamiento espacio-temporal en las etapas de educación infantil y primaria ante tareas típicas del aula a partir de las cuales diseñar una didáctica inclusiva, comprensiva con la naturaleza neurológica del trastorno, que no penalice a los alumnos que padecen este trastorno neurológico.
PERFORMANS ODAKLI BİR ÜNİVERSİTEDE AKADEMİSYENLERİN ÇALIŞMA DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: AYDIN TURAN Şule , DİL Esra , MEMİŞ SAĞIR Pınar
Published: May 2019

Bu
çalışma, bir grup akademisyenin performans odaklı üniversite deneyimlerini
keşfetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İşletme Fakültesinde çalışan akademisyenlere
odaklanılan araştırmada temel nitel araştırma deseninden yararlanılmıştır.
Araştırmada, akademisyenlerin performans odaklılık deneyimlerinin boyutlarına
odaklanılmıştır. Saha araştırması odak grup görüşmesi verileri etrafında
örülmüş ve bulgular yorumlanırken araştırmacıların katılımcı gözlemlerinden
yararlanılmıştır. Veriler açık, eksenel ve seçici olarak kodlanıp,
akademisyenlerin performans deneyimleri yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın
geçerliliğini arttırmaya yönelik olarak veri kaynağı üçgenlemesi ve analizde
araştırmacı üçgenlemesi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, akademisyenlerin performans odaklı kültüre
ilişkin deneyimlerinin üç ana boyutu akademik
işin dönüşümü, çalışma koşulları ve istihdam ilişkileri ve ilişkiler ağı olarak
tanımlanmıştır. Akademik işin geleceği için performans odaklılığın sebep olduğu
yoğun nitelik kaybı ve haksız kazanç elde edilmesi gündeme gelmiştir. Çalışma
koşulları ve istihdam ilişkileri özelinde üniversitenin performatif iklimi,
katılımcılar üzerinde atanma ve yükseltme kriterlerini sağlama bakımından çalışma
ve akran baskısı yaşandığı görülmüştür. Son olarak akademik ilişkiler ağının
(networklerin) akademik performans için bir baskı unsuru olarak gereklilik
haline geldiği vurgulanmıştır.
BEHAVIOR MONITORING METHODS FOR TRADE-BASED MONEY LAUNDERING INTEGRATING MACRO AND MICRO PRUDENTIAL REGULATION: A CASE FROM CHINA
Authors: Chao Xiangrui , Kou Gang , Peng Yi , Alsaadi Fawaz E.
Published: May 2019

Trade-based Money Laundering, a new form of money laundering using international trade as a signboard, always appears along with speculative capital movement which has been accepted as the most concerned and consensus incentive giving rise to the collapse of the financial market. Unfortunately, preventing money laundering is very difficult since money laundering always has a plausible trade characterization. To reach this goal, supervision for regulator and financial institutions aims to effectively monitor micro entities’ behavior in financial markets. The main purpose of this paper is to establish a monitoring method including accurate recognition and classified supervision for Trade-based Money Laundering by means of knowledge-driven multi-class classification algorithms associated with macro and micro prudential regulation, such that the model can forecast the predicted class from the concerned management areas. Based on empirical data from China, we demonstrate the application and explain how the monitor method can help to improve management efficiency in the financial market.
Les traces des morts : gestion des corps retrouvés et traitement des corps absents à la frontière hispano-marocaine
Authors: Kobelinsky Carolina
Published: May 2019

Les corps morts des personnes migrantes décédées aux frontières de l’Europe sont un objet en tension entre plusieurs façons de les considérer et de les traiter. Lorsqu’un corps est retrouvé, l’identité de la personne décédée est tout d’abord une quête. Pour la déceler, des habitants des lieux-frontières, des activistes et des personnes migrantes se mobilisent afin de recueillir des informations permettant de lui attribuer un nom et de contribuer à restituer au défunt une place parmi les siens (sa famille, ses pairs). Il n’existe en effet aucun protocole officiel spécifique visant à redonner un nom et une identité aux corps de celles et ceux qui sont morts aux portes de l’Europe. Le regard est ici posé sur la façon dont les compagnons de voyage s’occupent des morts et des disparus à la frontière entre l’enclave espagnole de Melilla et le Maroc. Fondée sur une démarche ethnographique, la trame narrative est construite autour de la mort d’un jeune homme d’origine malienne et du traitement de celle-ci. En filigrane, la notion de trace est mobilisée comme un outil permettant de saisir ensemble différentes dimensions de cette prise en charge.
« Ne mangeons pas avec le diable ». La haine dans le traité Des spectacles de Tertullien
Authors: Duprat Anne
Published: May 2019

Comment le traité Des spectacles de Tertullien (début du III e  s.) a-t-il pu devenir, à partir de la Renaissance, un répertoire d’arguments contre le théâtre ? Au cœur de ce détournement se trouve la mémoire d’une réalité disparue depuis longtemps : celle des jeux du cirque, de l’amphithéâtre et de la palestre. C’est par ce biais notamment que s’opère chez les auteurs humanistes le passage de la haine du spectacle à celle du théâtre comme mise en spectacle fictionnelle de la haine.
Rethinking the Sinophone
Authors: Fan Victor
Published: May 2019

Quelle est la pertinence du terme « sinophone » aujourd’hui ? Depuis le « Mouvement des parapluies » (26 ou 28 septembre-15 décembre 2014), les opinions et les tendances sociopolitiques des Hongkongais sont devenues de plus en plus polarisées. D’une part, le concept de la Grande Chine a été promulgué par le Parti communiste chinois (PCC) et des entreprises mondiales. D’autre part, ce concept a aliéné les jeunes localistes, désireux de trouver une identité individuelle différente de l’imaginaire « national » au sens large. Dans cet article, l’auteur affirme que le terme « sinophone » nécessite d’être repenser pour prendre en compte l’émergence d’une nouvelle relation affective entre les jeunes Hongkongais et la Chine, qui n’était pas anticipée au moment où le terme a été théorisé. Dans cet article, l’auteur discute d’abord des arguments de Shih. Il compare ensuite le concept de Shi de « sinophonie » à son propre concept d’extraterritorialité, qui fait référence à une position liminale dans laquelle des vies biopolitiques se retrouvent à la fois occupées et ostracisées par une autorité juridique, les positionnant dans une zone qui ne se trouve ni à l’intérieur ni à l’extérieur d’un territoire souverain. Enfin, il effectue une analyse du documentaire Tongzhoujie sanbaiyaoshi hao [ Tungzaugaai saambaakjatsap hou ou 310 Tung Chau Street , 2016] de Jo Cheng et Wai Shing Lee afin de tester les frontières et les limites de ces termes.
Mesure de la biodiversité et de la structuration spatiale de l’activité économique par l’entropie
Authors: Marcon Éric
Published: May 2019

Les mesures de la concentration spatiale et de la spécialisation en économie sont très similaires à celles de la biodiversité et de la valence des espèces en écologie. L’entropie est la notion fondamentale, issue de la physique statistique et la théorie de l’information, utilisée pour mesurer la concentration et la spécialisation. La notion de nombre effectif, qui est un nombre de catégories dans une distribution idéale simplifiée, est introduite, de même que la décomposition de la diversité totale d’une distribution bidimensionnelle en concentration ou spécialisation absolue et relative et en réplication. L’ensemble fournit un cadre théorique complet et robuste pour mesurer la structuration spatiale en espace discret. Classification JEL : C10, Q57, R12.
Chocs de demande, effets d’apprentissage et exclusion
Authors: Bobtcheff Catherine , Crampes Claude , Lefouili Yassine
Published: May 2019

Cette note étudie comment un choc de demande exogène, tel que des aides publiques, influence le potentiel d’exclusion contenu dans les effets d’apprentissage. Nous construisons un modèle de duopole à deux périodes dans lequel l’accroissement de production par une entreprise à la première période fait baisser son coût marginal de production à la seconde. Nous étudions ensuite un premier scénario dans lequel la demande et le processus d’apprentissage sont linéaires pour montrer qu’un choc positif de demande amplifie l’effet d’exclusion de l’apprentissage si et seulement si les entreprises sont suffisamment asymétriques en termes de capacités d’apprentissage. Dans un second scénario, les entreprises sont infiniment impatientes, ce qui permet de mettre en lumière le rôle clé joué par la courbure de la fonction de demande dans le potentiel d’exclusion des effets d’apprentissage à la suite d’un choc de demande. Classication JEL  : D11, L13, Q42.
The Untold Stories of Black and Brown Student Experiences in Historically White Fraternities and Sororities
Authors: Cockrell Phillip , Gibson Thomas
Published: May 2019

This chapter will highlight the experiences of underrepresented minority students who are members of majority Greek-letter organizations at two institutions of higher learning located in the Midwest. The authors will explore the reasons why students joined majority Greek-letter organizations as opposed to those associated with their ethnicity/race. In addition, peer-to-peer perceptions, sense of mattering and belonging, and interest in upward mobility within their respective organizations will be examined.
People, Get Ready
Authors: Parish Lauren
Published: May 2019

Education proves to be a positive and an impactful benefit to those who choose to pursue it. Education is associated with professional stability, economic growth, and social capital. More than ever, there is a strong emphasis on educational achievement and the acquirement of a postsecondary credential. However, achievement gaps persist in the African-American student population. These students need to be adequately prepared to successfully complete a rigorous collegiate program. There are magnitudes of programs designed to assist underrepresented student populations prepare for their college careers. More than ever, considerations regarding postsecondary educational opportunities need to be thoroughly explored. The pursuit of higher education can be daunting, especially for first generational college students. It is imperative that students and families become cognizant of preparatory possibilities that are designed to empower and educate them about the myriad college and career choices.
Mapping the Intellectual Structure of the Field Neurological Disorders
Authors: Ravikumar S.
Published: May 2019

The chapter utilizes bibliometric tools to explore papers in the field of neurological disorders and to examine the scientific development in the above subject domain. The research data were retrieved from the WOS database, which consists of 16,830 papers on the above phrase, but for the current study was limited to only those articles that have received more than four citations. Using this criterion, the data was narrowed to 10,694 as of 25/6/18. Using bibliometric tools, the author has identified the most productive authors, most productive countries, annual scientific production with an average growth rate of 4.82, and average article citations per year was 44.85. Network analysis was carried out to find co-citation network pattern, and with co-word analysis, found the conceptual structure of a field of neurological disorders.
Early Detection of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Devi Debashree , Biswas Saroj K. , Purkayastha Biswajit
Published: May 2019

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that occurs due to corrosion of the substantia nigra, located in the thalamic region of the human brain, and is responsible for transmission of neural signals throughout the human body by means of a brain chemical, termed as “dopamine.” Diagnosis of PD is difficult, as it is often affected by the characteristics of the medical data of the patients, which include presence of various indicators, imbalance cases of patients' data records, similar cases of healthy/affected persons, etc. Through this chapter, an intelligent diagnostic system is proposed by integrating one-class SVM, extreme learning machine, and data preprocessing technique. The proposed diagnostic model is validated with six existing techniques and four learning models. The experimental results prove the combination of proposed method with ELM learning model to be highly effective in case of early detection of Parkinson's disease, even in presence of underlying data issues.
Tremor Identification Using Machine Learning in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Saikia Angana , Majhi Vinayak , Hussain Masaraf , Paul Sudip , Datta Amitava
Published: May 2019

Tremor is an involuntary quivering movement or shake. Characteristically occurring at rest, the classic slow, rhythmic tremor of Parkinson's disease (PD) typically starts in one hand, foot, or leg and can eventually affect both sides of the body. The resting tremor of PD can also occur in the jaw, chin, mouth, or tongue. Loss of dopamine leads to the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and may include a tremor. For some people, a tremor might be the first symptom of PD. Various studies have proposed measurable technologies and the analysis of the characteristics of Parkinsonian tremors using different techniques. Various machine-learning algorithms such as a support vector machine (SVM) with three kernels, a discriminant analysis, a random forest, and a kNN algorithm are also used to classify and identify various kinds of tremors. This chapter focuses on an in-depth review on identification and classification of various Parkinsonian tremors using machine learning algorithms.
Neurocognitive Mechanisms for Detecting Early Phase of Depressive Disorder
Authors: Tarai Shashikanta
Published: May 2019

This chapter discusses neurocognitive mechanisms in terms of latency and amplitudes of EEG signals in depression that are presented in the form of event-related potentials (ERPs). Reviewing the available literature on depression, this chapter classifies early P100, ERN, N100, N170, P200, N200, and late P300 ERP components in frontal, mid-frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Using auditory oddball paradigm, most of the studies testing depressive patients have found robust P300 amplitude reduction. Proposing EEG methods and summarizing behavioral, neuroanatomical, and electrophysiological findings, this chapter discusses how the different tasks, paradigms, and stimuli contribute to the cohesiveness of neural signatures and psychobiological markers for identifying the patients with depression. Existing research gaps are directed to conduct ERP studies following go/no-go, flanker interference, and Stroop tasks on global and local attentional stimuli associated with happy and sad emotions to examine anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) dysfunction in depression.
Social Media Analytics to Predict Depression Level in the Users
Authors: Husain Mohammad Shahid
Published: May 2019

As people around the world are spending increasing amounts of time online, the question of how online experiences are linked to health and wellbeing is essential. Depression has become a public health concern around the world. Traditional methods for detecting depression rely on self-report techniques, which suffer from inefficient data collection and processing. Research shows that symptoms linked to mental illness are detectable on social media like Twitter, Facebook, and web forums, and automatic methods are more and more able to locate inactivity and other mental disease. The pattern of social media usage can be very helpful to predict the mental state of a user. This chapter also presents how activities on Facebook are associated with the depressive states of users. Based on online logs, we can predict the mental state of users.
Motor Imagery Classification Using EEG Signals for Brain-Computer Interface Applications
Authors: Mazumdar Subrota , Chaudhary Rohit , Suruchi Suruchi , Mohanty Suman , Kumari Divya , Swetapadma Aleena
Published: May 2019

In this chapter, a nearest neighbor (k-NN)-based method for efficient classification of motor imagery using EEG for brain-computer interfacing (BCI) applications has been proposed. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are obtained from multiple channels from brain. These EEG signals are taken as input features and given to the k-NN-based classifier to classify motor imagery. More specifically, the chapter gives an outline of the Berlin brain-computer interface that can be operated with minimal subject change. All the design and simulation works are carried out with MATLAB software. k-NN-based classifier is trained with data from continuous signals of EEG channels. After the network is trained, it is tested with various test cases. Performance of the network is checked in terms of percentage accuracy, which is found to be 99.25%. The result suggested that the proposed method is accurate for BCI applications.
Additive Manufacturing for Crack Repair Applications in Metals
Authors: Marazani Tawanda , Madyira Daniel Makundwaneyi , Akinlabi Esther Titilayo
Published: May 2019

Additive manufacturing (AM) builds intricate parts from 3D CAD model data in successive layers. AM offers several advantages and has become a preferred freeform fabrication, processing, manufacturing, maintenance, and repair technique for metals, thermoplastics, ceramics, and composites. When using laser, it bears several names, which include laser additive manufacturing, laser additive technology, laser metal deposition, laser engineered net shape, direct metal deposition, and laser solid forming. These technologies use a laser beam to locally melt the powder or wire and the substrate that fuse upon solidification. AM is mainly applied in the aerospace and biomedical industries. Titanium (Ti) alloys offer very attractive properties much needed in these industries. This chapter explores AM applications for crack repairs in Ti alloys. Metal cracking industrial challenges, crack detection and repair methods, challenges, and milestones for AM repair of cracks in Ti alloys are also discussed.
Evolution of the Employment Gender Inequality
Authors: Faďoš Marina , Bohdalová Mária
Published: May 2019

Participation of women on the labor market and in employment increased in the recent years, while men seem to be pulling out of the labor force. This is not true for all countries. The aim of this chapter is to give an overview and a comparison of gender employment inequality and the relation with policy implications. The authors have found evidence, based on data, of the opposite behavior. When gender inequality is mentioned, people usually depict women being at a disadvantage. Although this is true for many countries, there are also countries where women are better positioned in the labor market than men. However, this also depends on such characteristics as age, education, and economic sector. Policy implications were proposed based on the obtained findings of this chapter.
Life Context Model, Intersectionality, and Black Feminist Epistemology
Authors: Carrim Nasima Mohamed Hoosen , Senne Yvonne
Published: May 2019

This chapter focuses on the life context model and the intersectionality and Black feminist epistemologies. Using two studies conducted in a South African context, it examines how these three theories can be employed to explore the challenges that a Black female manager in South Africa faces. The chapter also briefly outlines the underpinnings of the theories and gives an overview of the South African context that pertains to Indian and African women. The authors provide insights from the studies they have carried out and outline the similarities and differences outline the similarities and differences between the three theoretical approaches which they identified based on their research. The results obtained indicate that the use of these three theoretical approaches and the subsequent analysis of the data gathered can be a powerful method for reaching an understanding of contexts. Some recommendations are made regarding using the relevant theoretical approaches.
Blockchain Technology in Solar Energy
Authors: Uğurlu Erginbay , Muratoğlu Yusuf
Published: May 2019

Two of the important topics concerning scientists and governments are blockchain and climate change. After the paper of Satoshi Nakamoto, blockchains became a global phenomenon. After its usage for cryptocurrencies, blockchain is starting to be used for digital protocols and smart contracts. Blockchain technology is used in many sectors, such as banking, finance, car leasing, entertainment, energy, etc. Climate change leads to global warming, which means the long-term warming of the planet. Therefore, governments have made an effort to decrease global warming or keep it stable. One of the mitigation ways of global warming is to use renewable energy. Solar energy is one of the most used types of renewable energy sources, and also blockchain technology is widely used in this sector. In this chapter, the authors investigate the use of blockchain technology in the solar energy sector.
Youth Bulge and Broken Down Windows Theories in Youth Violence
Authors: Dodo Obediah , Makoni Mcdonald
Published: May 2019

The chapter is a comparative analysis of two theories, Youth Bulge and Broken Down Windows, on their relevance and influence on youth participation in political violence that was recorded in Bindura town from year 2000. The analysis juxtaposed the two theories in relation to what other scholars have said on the same subject matter. This was in view of the fact that there are some theoretical assumptions that are traditionally aligned to particular studies and social realities. The analysis concluded that while the two theories may not have influenced youth involvement in political violence in Bindura in the same way and gravity, they both played a role. It was established that most of the youth violence would have developed over time before a slight incident triggered its explosion.
Youth Development Through Participation in Decision Making
Authors: Mampane Sharon Thabo
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to argue that there is a need for youth development for participation in decision makings of the country. Programs for youth development should be geared towards changing the behavior of the youth from undesirable to desirable conduct. This chapter follows a qualitative approach in understanding and explaining in detail what youth development and participation in decision making in the society, entails. Data were collected via literature reviews on youth development and participation and on factors contributing to the importance of how laws, most notably laws on youth participation in matters, concern them. These factors are important, but key to developing the youth for participative decision-making and for ensuring that children's right to participate is implemented. The aim of this paper is to ensure that the youth are involved as partners in communities because they are deemed to be assets in the decision-making process of the country.
Development and Distributive Politics
Authors: Chirisa Innocent , Maphosa Emma , Mandaza-Tsoriyo Wendy Wadzanayi , Matamanda Abraham Rajab
Published: May 2019

This chapter seeks to demonstrate how urban land has often been used by Zimbabwean politicians to trap the youth. In light of this, the chapter argues that the interplay of the factors of production (land, labor, capital, and enterprise) crystallizes into a matrix of persuasions, contradictions and thought that explain multiple rationalities behind the development and distributive politics. It engages document review and a case study approach in which various policies and programs and project initiatives have been started by the government since 1980, including the building brigades and cooperative housing production in the early 1980s, the institution of the national youth ministry and policy and the administration of the kurera/ukondla youth fund. The chapter suggests that the distributive arrangements for resources be based on innovativeness, acumen and skill by the youth, based on merit and credibility.
Democracy, Habermasian Sphere, Social Media, and Youth Participation in Governance in Zimbabwe
Authors: Makwerere David
Published: May 2019

This chapter focused on the opportunities and challenges presented by social media in the democratization process in Zimbabwe. The chapter contends that youth participation on various social media podiums is very vibrant. The youth use social media to communicate issues affecting them and in most cases to express their displeasure with governing authorities. The types of the youth on social media can be categorized into three; the protestors, the defensive and the moderates. The protestors are those who simply use the platforms created by social media to vent their frustrations in a less constructive way. The defensive are those youths who believe in the status quo and are willing to defend the ruling elites at all costs. The moderates are those who believe that social media can be a platform for dialogue and constructive engagement.
Critical Examination of the Implications of Youth Unemployment in Zimbabwe
Authors: Zinyama Tawanda
Published: May 2019

The chapter examines youth unemployment and its dimensions and characteristics in relation to overall unemployment. Youth unemployment has become increasingly recognized as one of the more serious social problems confronting Africa. There are many reasons why the government of Zimbabwe and society feel increasingly concerned about this problem. At the human level, failure to secure satisfactory employment upon completion of schooling and training can cause intense frustration, despair and alienation. It may also be associated with such social ills as drunkenness, drug-taking, violence, robbery and prostitution. From a material point of view, youth unemployment represents a tragic waste of skills and talents, resulting in lower production, increase in dependency burden on the rest of the society, and in the longer run, a gradual deterioration in the quality of national human resources. The potential consequences of high levels of youth unemployment at personal, social and national levels are thus serious and warrant sustained efforts to find solutions to these problems.
A Youth Perspective to Participation and Local Governance in Zimbabwe's Post-Fast Track Land Reform Farms
Authors: Tom Tom
Published: May 2019

The chapter provides a youth perspective to participation and local governance in Zimbabwe's post-Fast Track Land Reform farms. The chapter provides a sociology flare to youth participation by incorporating the ‘sociology of youth' dimension. Factoring in the youth perspective is a major contribution in addressing the lacunae in understanding and improving land reforms in Zimbabwe. Broadly, scholarly debate and professional practice on Zimbabwe's post-FTLRP have been informed by four ideological and empirical approaches namely, the neopatrimonial, human rights, livelihoods and political economy. However, in all four approaches, specific and deliberate focus on the youth is low. Based on the understanding that the youth are the future of societies, the central argument in the chapter is that the youth should be positively developed to practice their citizenship. This can be achieved through proactive incorporation of the youth in development and local governance. At a micro level, the ‘new' farm communities and how they are locally governed should also be a turf for the youth, not only for the ‘gerontocrats'. The starting point for that noble departure is to understand the lived experiences and situated meanings pertaining to the achievements, opportunities, challenges and failures in youth participation in development and local governance of the farm communities. Beyond lip service articulation and application of a youth perspective in the farm communities, and broadly at the national level, are recommended.
Using Case Studies in the Higher Education Classroom
Authors: Huckvale Manina Urgolo , Van Riper Irene
Published: May 2019

There is a proven paucity of literature regarding the implementation of case studies in the higher education classroom. This theoretical review will synthesize the research that has emerged and explore the student learning outcomes for inclusion in higher education pedagogy. In this investigation, the usage of case studies with a specific purpose and guided analysis has been found to be beneficial for the explanation of content. When provided the scaffolding for moving from theory to practice, students are prompted to familiarize themselves with the case study and examine the nuances and implications. Based upon this study of the relevant literature, the benefits and advantages of using the strategy of the case study approach outweigh the disadvantages.
Writing the Case Study
Authors: Peters Susan D.
Published: May 2019

The chapter covers the rudiments of writing a case study and the teaching notes or instructor's manual. While the chapter focuses on business cases for publication in top-tiered journals, examples of how these standards may be relaxed for lower-tiered journals, conference papers, and other peer-evaluated research outlets is also given. The author is currently associate editor of one case journal and editor of another and has taught case writing around the globe. While rooted in the methods of the North American Case Research Association this article incorporates ideas from the Harvard, Ivey, and other case study publishers.
Developing a Case Writing Club to Create Local Cases in a Private University in Puebla, Mexico
Authors: Montaudon-Tomas Cynthia M. , Montaudon-Tomas Ivonne M. , Williams-Pellico Maria del Carmen
Published: May 2019

In a business school in Puebla, Mexico, numerous methodologies were introduced to create a more active learning environment as part of the new educational model. One of such methodologies was the use of case studies. Initially, cases were bought from different case centers, and/or adapted from books, which was costly and did not necessarily help students from rural communities and small villages understand the reality that businesses in the region were facing. An initiative was established to develop a writing group integrated by faculty members. Integration was fast and smooth, and the initiative turned into a writing club that produced case studies based on local businesses and businessmen, and specialized in rural and marginalized communities that have developed different entrepreneurial projects. The process in which the group was organized and the methods used to promote collaborative writing are described including the tricks of the trade of the group, which in only two years has created a repository of over 50 cases. The cases will be published as a book in 2019.
Effects of Long-Term Variability on Water Resources Management Along the Boteti River in Botswana
Authors: Mazvimavi Dominic , Motsholapheko Moseki R.
Published: May 2019

This chapter examines how the availability and non-availability of river flows has affected benefits realized by communities residing along the Boteti River in Botswana. The Boteti River, which is about 350 km long, derives all its flows from outflows of the Okavango Delta and then discharges into the Makgadikgadi Pans. Peak outflows from the delta occur during the dry season, June to October, and during wet years such as from 1974 to 1982, water flows along the whole river from the delta to the Makgadikgadi Pans. Since 1991, outflows from the delta have only covered about 50 km, with the rest of the river being dry. There has been lack of flows on the downstream section in some years (e.g., 1929-39, 1941-47). Communities residing along the 50 km stretch that is annually flooded benefit from the river through livestock watering, flood recession crop cultivation, fishing, and harvesting of aquatic plants for food and construction. These benefits were not realized by those residing along the rest of the 300 km stretch that was not receiving flows from the delta during the 1991-2008 period.
Ultrastructure of telocytes, a new type of interstitial cells in the myocardium of the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus)
Authors: Ge Tingting , Ye Yaqiong , Zhang Hui
Published: May 2019

Telocytes (TCs) are new interstitial cells, and they are involved in tissue regeneration, particularly in heart. Therefore, TCs are suggested to be a promising cell in regenerative medicine. However, the information of location structural characteristics and functions of TCs is still limited. In this study, cardiac TCs of the Chinese giant salamanders (Andrias davidianus) were identified by transmission electron microscopy. TCs were located in the interstitium between cardiomyocytes (CM). TCs possessed distinctive ultrastructural characteristics, including one to two very long and thin moniliform telopodes (Tps), emerging points from the cell body, caveolae, dichotomous branchings, labyrinthic systems, neighbouring exosomes and homo-cellular contacts between Tps. TCs/Tps were frequently observed in close proximity to cardiomyocytes. Moreover, Tps established hetero-cellular contacts with cardiomyocytes. Our results confirm the presence of TCs in the myocardium of the A. davidianus. This will help us to better understand roles of TCs in amphibian hearts.
Strength Training Improves Body Composition, Muscle Strength and Increases CD4+ T Lymphocyte Levels in People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Brito-Neto José Garcia de , Andrade Micássio Fernandes de , Almeida Valéria Duarte de , Paiva Dayane Carla Costa , Morais Nickson Melo de , Bezerra Christiane Medeiros , Fernandes José Veríssimo , Nascimento Ellany Gurgel Cosme do , Fonseca Ivana Alice Teixeira , Fernandes Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros
Published: May 2019

The establishment of physical training programs for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) has several benefits. The study aimed to analyze the effect of resistance training using prediction of intensity by subjective perception of effort (SPE) on body composition, muscle strength, and TCD4+ lymphocyte levels in PLWHA. This a randomized controlled trial study. Participants (11 men and 8 women), were divided in two groups: exercise group (EG) and control group (CG). The EG was submitted to 12 weeks of a resistance-training program based in the prediction of intensity by SPE. Body mass percentages were evaluated using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance and skinfold methods. We used Flow Cytometry to quantify CD4+ T lymphocytes. Patients showed significant changes in Body Fat Percentage (Δ%=-6.23%), Lean Body Mass (Δ%=2.45%), and CD4T lymphocytes levels (Δ%=15.77%). They also showed significant increase in muscular strength presented in the test for one repetition maximum in all the evaluated exercises. Our data suggest that exercising program prescribed by SPE is capable of improving immune function, body composition, and muscular strength in PLWHA.
Study of NT-pro-BNP and Hs-Troponin I Biomarkers for Early Detection of Children’s Heart Function of Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Authors: Dimiati Herlina , Wahab Abdus Samik , Juffrie Mohammad , Julia Madarina , Gani Basri A.
Published: May 2019

The Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is the condition of a lack of carbohydrate and protein stores in the body that trigger chronic failure nutrient intake and body maintenance function caused to impact the heart functions. The NT-pro-BNP and Hs- Troponin I proteins were found as the indicator of cardiac dysfunction. The sixty subjects of PEM, analyzed by standard of Indonesia Healt Ministry as well as nutritional status. The blood electrolytes examined by laboratory assay and the levels of Hs-Troponin 1 and NT-Pro-BNP were analyzed by Immune-Chromatography method. Assessing of the ventricular mass with the seeing the peak of the diastolic flow rate of left ventricular that estimated by the curve of the receiver operating characteristic and the area under the curve (P<0.05). The result has shown that the PEM decreased in the left ventricular mass for impaired heart function and systolic disorder. The Hs- Troponin I (90.9%) has better sensitivity than NT-pro-BNP (85.5%) if the merger of those markers possesses the lowest sensitivity (81.8%). These proteins have good biomarkers in heart function, mainly in cases where PEM is present.
M2G1G2 white blood cell flag by three-part automated hematology analyzer: A hint to dengue infection in appropriate clinical context
Authors: Roy Maitrayee , Bali Akshay
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Automated hematology analyzers often generate many flags which can provide important clues to the underlying hematological abnormality. Although pathologists are generally well versed in recognizing the importance of flags indicating potential leukemic blasts, their utility in hinting toward infectious etiology, especially during epidemics, is less well known. We analyzed any abnormal flags generated by a three-part automated hematology analyzer in serologically confirmed cases of dengue.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 28 patients diagnosed with serologically confirmed dengue infection. The venous samples were run on ABX Miros-60 three-part hematology analyzer. The complete blood count data and any abnormal flags were noted and correlated with peripheral blood film findings in all patients.

RESULTS: An abnormal white blood cell (WBC) flag was noted in all 28 patients, including two in whom all other hematological parameters were within normal limits. In 26 (93%) patients, M2G1G2 WBC flag was noted while the samples of the remaining two patients generated M2G1 and L1M2G1G2 WBC flags, respectively.

CONCLUSION: An abnormal WBC flag, when correlated in appropriate clinical context, especially during a dengue outbreak, can aid in targeting the cohort of patients who will require immediate referral for serological confirmation.
Breast Tuberculosis in Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Quaglio Gianluca , Pizzol Damiano , Isaakidis Petros , Bortolani Arianna , Tognon Francesca , Marotta Claudia , Di Gennaro Francesco , Putoto Giovanni , Olliaro Piero L.
Published: May 2019

Breast tuberculosis (TB) is rarely reported and poorly described. This review aims to update the existing literature on risk factors, clinical presentations, constitutional symptoms, diagnostic procedures, and medical and surgical treatments for breast TB. In all, 1,478 cases of breast TB were collected. Previous history of TB was reported in 19% of cases. The most common clinical appearance of the lesion was breast lump (75%). The most common associated finding was axillary lymphadenitis (33%) followed by sinus or fistula (24%). The most common symptoms were pain and fever, reported in 42% and 28% of cases, respectively. The most used diagnostic method was fine-needle aspiration cytology (32%), followed by biopsy (27%), acid-fast bacteria Ziehl–Neelsen stain (26%), culture (13%), and polymerase chain reaction (2%). These tested positive in 64%, 93%, 27%, 26%, and 58% of cases, respectively. The majority (69%) of patients received a 6-month anti-TB treatment (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol). Surgery consisted of excision in 39% of cases, drainage in 23%, and mastectomy in 5%. The great majority of patients had a positive outcome. It often mimics breast cancer, which makes it difficult to diagnose. Most patients, when diagnosed in time, respond to antitubercular therapy alone.
Fruits and seeds biometry and germination of Astrocasia jacobinensis
Authors: Viana dos Santos Héveli Kalini , Reis Mendonça Andrea Vita , Da Silva Iracema Gomes , Da Silva Darlene Pereira , De Souza Manuela Oliveira
Published: May 2019

O objetivo neste trabalho foi caracterizar biometricamente os frutos e as sementes de Astrocasia jacobinensis (Müll.Arg.), avaliar o potencial germinativo em função da cor do fruto e definir a temperatura ideal para testes de germinação. Os frutos foram colhidos de 4 árvores matrizes na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Lago de Pedra do Cavalo, BA, sendo usados para a instalação de dois experimentos. No primeiro foi avaliado o comportamento germinativo em função da cor dos frutos (verdes ou marrons) utilizando-se quatro repetições. No segundo testou-se a temperatura ótima de germinação, com testes conduzidos sob temperaturas constantes (15, 25, 30, 35 °C) e alternadas (25-30 e 15-30 °C), utilizando-se quatro repetições por tratamento. As avaliações para ambos os experimentos foram realizadas diariamente. Os frutos apresentavam dimensões médias de 7,5 mm de comprimento e 9,6 mm de diâmetro. As sementes eram circulares, com diâmetro médio de 3,52 mm. Os frutos verdes apresentaram sementes com melhor potencial germinativo. Testes de germinação de A. jacobinensis devem ser conduzidos sob temperatura entre 25 oC a 30 °C.
Conclusion
Authors: García-Bryce Iñigo
Published: May 2019

Studies of Haya have ranged from the hagiographic to those that demonize him. By following the political and personal challenges he faced, this book has sought to explore the contradictions of Haya’s personality over the course of a long life. His alleged homosexuality affected his politics. He remains a relevant figure as Latin America and the world undergo a new phase of populism.
Conclusion
Authors: Smith Benjamin T.
Published: May 2019

The conclusion provides a review of the history of newspapers and print culture in twentieth-century Mexico, as well as their legacy and impact on the present.
Union Officers and the Intense Debate over Emancipation and Black Troops
Authors: Teters Kristopher A.
Published: May 2019

As Washington officials moved toward an emancipationist policy during the second half of 1862 and the beginning of 1863, Black soldiers and emancipation had both proved to be very divisive issues among western army officers. Most Union officers believed that the Union—not emancipation—was their cause. The Second Confiscation Act, along with the Preliminary and final Emancipation Proclamations, generated substantial discord in the army. Significant numbers of officers opposed these measures out of political, practical, and racial concerns. Other officers just as fervently approved these policies for their practical benefits, with some going much further and becoming downright abolitionists. But overall, pragmatism counted for far more than morality or idealism. In the political sphere, Peace Democrats, or “Copperheads”, of the Union adamantly opposed abolitionism and sought a negotiated peace. Opposition to emancipation declined strikingly after the first few months of 1863 because officers came to realize its practical benefits and, in some cases, came to understand the harsh reality of slavery. This pattern did not hold when it came to enrolling black troops. Many officers supported this policy out of practical considerations, but there was also considerable opposition that lasted through the end of the conflict.
The Significance of the Frontier in American Knowledge
Authors: Strang Cameron B.
Published: May 2019

This chapter introduces the history of knowledge in the Gulf South and why it matters to American intellectual history on the whole. It also presents the book’s main argument, which is that encounters in America’s borderlands shaped the production, circulation, and application of natural knowledge within these contested regions and, more broadly, throughout the empires and nations competing for them. The expansion of European powers and the United States were the primary motors that drove these encounters. Between the 1500s and the mid-1800s, Spanish, British, French, and U.S. imperialism brought hitherto unconnected individuals, nations, and environments into intellectually productive (though often physically destructive) contact. These expansion-instigated encounters, moreover, resulted in new material, social, and political circumstances that influenced how people created and shared natural knowledge.
Flying the Cuckoo’s Nest
Authors: Parsons Anne E.
Published: May 2019

This chapter charts the multiple factors that spurred the deinstitutionalization of mental hospitals in the 1960s. In 1963, Congress passed the Community Mental Health Act, which funded the creation of community mental health centers and provided inpatient and outpatient care, partial hospitalization, emergency services, and public education. The creation of Medicare and Medicaid also caused many states to reduce their reliance on custodial mental hospitals. Meanwhile, anti-psychiatry texts like Ken Kesey’s One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest spurred anti-institutionalism and advocates filed successful lawsuits against involuntary commitment laws. Institutionalized people gained a plethora of civil liberties, further reducing the mental hospital population. The chapter explores these national changes at the local level at places such as the Philadelphia State Hospital. That institution released large numbers of people, many of whom faced hardship when they left the hospital. That trend reflected how changes in mental health law and policy did not guarantee that people could access medical and social services in their home communities.
Bragg Bides his Time
Authors: Robertson William Glenn
Published: May 2019

This chapter covers Braxton Bragg’s sojourn at Cherokee Springs, Georgia to recover his shattered health, and the events that transpired in the Army of Tennessee while he was recuperating. Those events included the friction resulting from the folding of Simon Buckner’s Department of East Tennessee into Bragg’s command; the arrival of a new division commander, Thomas Hindman; and the growing Federal presence around Bridgeport, Alabama. The chapter also describes soldier life and morale in the Army of Tennessee during this two-week period.