bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commensality and taste
Authors: Counihan Carole
Published: August 2018

Commensality – eating together – is an important way that people bond, constitute families and other social groups, and develop taste preferences. This essay uses ethnographic research in Tuscany and Sardinia, Italy to explore how sharing food and tastes through commensality not only connects people but also creates boundaries between insiders and outsiders, marked by taste and distaste.
Assessing Oenosthesia: Blending wine and sound
Authors: Burzynska Jo
Published: August 2018

Recent developments in neuroscience and psychology have confirmed what many artists have long intuited; that our senses are connected. Research into crossmodal correspondences – the universal tendency of a sensory feature in one modality to be matched with one from another sensory modality – has highlighted strong connections between flavour and sound that have only just begun to be explored by artists working in these sensory realms. This article investigates Oenosthesia, a practice-led art research project that aimed to harness crossmodal correspondences in an artwork that combines a soundscape created from field recordings of the winemaking process with wines consumed as part of the piece. Its success in achieving this was tested through data gathered from participants at presentations of the work in London in September 2016 and in Sydney in March 2017. This article presents the results of this study, which suggest that sound can significantly change perceptions of flavour in an experimental audio-gustatory artwork and highlights the potential for the design of crossmodally congruent sound works that heighten specific flavour characters of a wine.
SOME WATER CHARACTERISTICS OF ESTUARIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Uktoseya Henk L.
Published: August 2018

This paper describes the results obtained during several hydro-oceanographical observations of some estuaries in Indonesia to provide environmental informations. It is also an attempt to make a general interpretation of the collected data, to explain or find out the physical processes acting in these regions.
TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS IN THE WATER-OFF MUARA KARANG
Authors: Kastoro - , Birowo Soejatno
Published: August 2018

During the period of March 1975 to February 1976 a survey was carried out in the water off Muara Karang, Jakarta Bay. Water temperature were slightly higher than those in the open sea, and showed a seasonal variation. The seasonal variation axe affected by meteorological conditions, incoming water from neighbouring seas, and by the land mass.
PELAGIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE WESTERN PART OF JAKARTA BAY
Authors: Nontji Anugerah , Supangat Imam
Published: August 2018

Seven stations in the western part of Jakarta Bay were occupied monthly from June 1974 to June 1975. Monthly variations of several hydrological and biological properties of the pelagic environments are described. Rainfall over the hinterland of Jakarta plays important role in lowering the salinity in the bay. On the other hand the phosphate content is more closely associated with the rainfall over Jakarta. The main source of phosphate is likely to come from the result of urban activities in Jakarta. There is a fair corespondence in annual fluctuation between phosphate and phytoplankton chlorophyll. Annual mean of properties at each station shows that from the shore outward the values of phosphate, phytoplankton chlorophyll, and zooplankton volume decreased while of salinity and transparency increased. Interrelationships among several factors are discussed.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE AEROBIC HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA AND THE MICROBIAL INDICATORS IN JAKARTA BAY
Authors: Thayib Soeminarti S. , Soehadi Flor
Published: August 2018

The distribution of heterotrophic bacteria and microbial indicators in the Jakarta Bay were studied. Higher frequency of occurrences of the total coliform were observed in water samples collected near rivermouths or in the vicinity of islands. Lower frequency of occurrences of total coliform were obtained from samples collected from the far northern side of the Bay. The isolated strains belong to the genera Achromobacter, Vibrio, Flavobacteria, Micrococcus and coliforms. Micrococcus and coliforms were mostly obtained from samples collected at stations which are suspected to be highly influenced by human activities. The presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus-like organisms were also determined. Occurrences of the genera varied unpredictably but were mostly within the six genera mentioned.
CURRENT STATUS OF THE CALIFORNIA OYSTER INDUSTRY
Authors: Richards Thomas L. , Taylor Phillip R.
Published: August 2018

The oyster culture operation in Moro Bay is typical of the United States Pacific Coast Crassostrea gigas mariculture industry. Of this Bay's 1,000 hectares of marshes, tidelands and channels 400 hectares have been alloted by the State of California for private oyster cultivation. Approximately 180 hectares of this allotment are suitable for bottom and stake culture on a three-year growing cycle. Each year this 60 hectares is planted with cultch shell at the rate of 60 cases of cultch per hectare. Each case contains an average of 1,000 cultch shells with 10 oyster spat per shell. A typical survival rate of 30% yields, 3,000 liters of oyster meat per hectare after 36 months of growth.
THE NUMERICAL MODELLING OF TIDES IN A SHALLOW SEMI-ENCLOSED BASIN BY A MODIFIED ELLIPTIC METHOD
Authors: Sidjabat Mulia M.
Published: August 2018

A numerical model which renders possible the numerical solution of the nonlinear tidal equations by obtaining a solution for each individual tidal component is developed. For this purpose, a set of time independent non-linear equations for each tidal constituent is constructed. Each of these sets of equations is interrelated through the non-linear frictional terms, the approximation of which is accomplished by an iterative scheme. The method is tested for several models before it is applied to the real basin (Bight of Abaco). In order to evaluate the model and to construct the boundary conditions along the opening, a series of tidal observations were undertaken. The viability of the method is indicated by the fact that the results of computations using a coefficient of friction r = 0.0034 give good agreement with observations for all components and  over  all stations.
PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE IN AMBON BAY
Authors: Sutomo - , Anderson James Jay
Published: August 2018

Ambon Bay has a shallow neritic inner bay and a deep oceanic outer bay. Net hauls suggest the inner bay has a large population of large phytoplankton cells but a small population of macrozooplankton. In the outer bay the opposite situation exists, with a greater population of macrozooplankton and smaller population levels of small phytoplankton. The differences might be caused by nutrient pollution and siltation in the inner bay.
EVIDENCE FOR TIDAL UPWELLING ACROSS THE SILL OF AMBON BAY
Authors: Wenno L. F. , Anderson James Jay
Published: August 2018

Temperature observations across the sill of Ambon Bay in August 1982 and a model suggest that during the upwelling season of the south east monsoon tidal upwelling on the flood tide can suck thermocline water up the outer slope of the sill from a depth of 50 to 80 m. The water enters over the 10 m sill and replaces the bottom water in the inner part of Ambon Bay.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONDITION FACTOR AND MEAT YIELD OF WILD OYSTER CRASSOSTREA CUCULLATA BORN
Authors: Wouthuyzen Sam , Suwartana Atjep
Published: August 2018

From April 1982 to October 1982, 393 specimens of oyster were collected near mangrove roots from Piru, Waisala, Wailale, Pelita Jaya (Seram Island) Ihamahu (Saparua Island), and Manipa Island for sondition factor analysis. The regression of meat yield (Y) on whole meat weight (X1) and condition factor (X2) could be expressed by the following equation: Y = 0.062 X1 + 0.127 X2 — 10.975. The analysis of correlation indicated that the meat yield of oyster depends on the condition factor. Hydrologieal parameters which affected the condition factor are described.
REPORT ON THE CORINDON CRUISES
Authors: Moosa Mohammad Kasim
Published: August 2018

The corindon cruises were the first realization of the Cooperation on Oceanology between the governments of France and Indonesia. The name Corindon is derived from the name of French vessel "CORIOLIS" and Indonesia to signify that the vessel was participating in marine research activities in Indonesian waters.
REVISION OF THE INDO-PACIFIC SPHENOCARCINUS WITH A SINGLE ROSTRUM AND DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, BRACHYURA, MAJIDAE)
Authors: Guinot D. , De Forges B. Richer
Published: August 2018

Two species of the genus Sphenocarcinus A. Milne Edwards 1876, with a single rostrum exist in the Indo-Pacific and they are principally only known by their original description: S. cuneus (Wood-Mason 1891) and S. aurorae Alcock 1899. Each species is herewith redescribed, based on the examination of the types. Two new species are established. S. difficilis sp. nov., represented by numerous specimens from Madagascar (ORSTOM collection), proved to be an intermediate species between S. cuneus and S. aurorae. S. pinocchio sp. nov., (collected in the Makassar Strait, Indonesia (mission Corindon II), is characterized by its very Jong and strongly curved rostrum. One male specimen, also collected in the Makassar Strait, probably modified by a sacculinid parasite, and with a more curved, snub rostrum, can be regarded as an unusual form of S. pinocchio sp. nov. A key of the four Indo-Pacific Sphenocarcinus with a single rostrum is presented.
STOMATOPOD CRUSTACEA COLLECTED BY THE MISSION CORINDON II IN THE MAKASSAR STRAIT, INDONESIA
Authors: Moosa Mohammad Kasim , Cleva Regis
Published: August 2018

Seventeen species of Stomatopoda belonging to five families have been collected in the Strait of Makassar, Indonesia during the Franco-Indonesian mission "CORINDON II". Four species of the family Squillidae: Kempina mikado, Lenisquilla spinosa, Oratosquilla imperialis, and O. ornata are for the first time reported to exist in the Indonesian waters.
Does the presence of leaves on coleus stem cuttings influence their rooting?
Authors: Belniaki Andreza Cerioni , Rabel Luciani Antunes das Neves , Gomes Erik Nunes , Zuffellato-Ribas Katia Christina
Published: August 2018

Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br. is part of the Lamiaceae family and is commonly known as coleus, due to the genus denomination in the past. This ornamental plant species has been gaining importance in the floristic industry due to the great number of exotic cultivars available in the market. Coleus commercial exploitation by seeds is held up by genetic instability, which makes it usually being propagated through semi-hardwood stem cuttings and leaves have great importance in stem cuttings adventitious rooting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence or absence of apical leaves and the use of indolebutyric acid (IBA) in coleus stem cuttings rooting. Semi-hardwood coleus stem cuttings with 6 cm long were prepared with or without apical leaves, and then treated with hydroalcoholic solutions (50% v v-1) of 0, 1000 and 2,000 mg L-1 IBA. The propagules were planted in tubes containing vermiculite and kept for 30 days in a greenhouse under intermittent misting (24 ± 2 °C, Relative Humidity 90%) until final evaluation. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 3x2 factorial scheme (3 IBA concentrations x presence and absence of apical leaves). The rooting was evaluated after 30 days. Stem cuttings with and without apical leaves has 100 and 57% rooting, respectively. Stem cuttings rooting did not vary according to IBA concentrations. Roots length and number were higher in stem cuttings with apical leaves in comparison to leafless ones, regardless IBA concentrations. On average, 97.7% sprouting was observed in cuttings with apical leaves, significantly higher rates when compared to the average of 2.2% on leafless cuttings. The presence of apical leaves is fundamental for coleus stem cuttings rooting and the use of IBA is not required for this species propagation.
Temperature and light in seed germination of Myrceugenia myrtoides O. Berg
Authors: Paim Luciana Pinto , Avrella Eduarda Demari , Emer Aquelis Armiliato , Caumo Monique , Alves Luciano Silva , Fior Claudimar Sidnei
Published: August 2018

Myrceugenia myrtoides (Myrtaceae) is a species of tree size, occurring restricted to the state of Rio Grande do Sul state in Brazil, and Uruguay, presenting ornamental potential. The interest in native species for diverse uses is increasing, but their insertion is limited due to the lack of information on its propagation and cultivation. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of temperature and light on the germination of M. myrtoides seeds, in order to generate information that could aid in the propagation of the species and the exploration of its potential. The effects of constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 °C under a 16-hour photoperiod were evaluated. To evaluate the effect of light, the germination was tested in continuous darkness and under photoperiod of 16 hours, at a temperature of 25 °C and light intensity of 27 and 33.75 μmol m-2s-1 under white light quality and diffuse green light. The results showed a lower average germination time at temperatures of 25 and 30 ºC and a higher accumulation of dry mass under 30 ºC. There was superiority in the variables of seedling formation, shoot and root length and seedling formation under the number of seeds germinated at 25 ºC. However, the different light conditions tested did not affect the percentage of ermination. It is concluded that the temperature of 25 °C was the most adequate for seed germination and development of M.myrtoides seedlings and their seeds are classified as neutral photoblasts.
Adenium obesum as a new potted flower: growth management
Authors: Colombo Ronan Carlos , Da Cruz Maria Aparecida , Carvalho Deived Uilian , Hoshino Rodrigo Thibes , Alves Guilherme Augusto Cito , De Faria Ricardo Tadeu
Published: August 2018

Adenium obesum, also known as desert rose, has recently become popular in Brazil, due to its exuberance and sculptural shape. However, the production of the species in commercial scale has been facing challenges regarding propagation of hybrids by in vitro cultivation techniques, potting medium composition, irrigation and fertilization management, disease and pest control. Unlike other species sold as potted plants, there are no commercial production protocols established for Adenium, mainly due to the scarcity of technical information about this species. Thus, this technical article aimed to provide information related to the Adenium growth, in view of its commercial scale production. In addition, aspects related to floral morphology, pollination and seed production of the species, as well as, vegetative propagation strategies were discussed.
Política policial en Bolivia: entre la continuidad y el cambio
Authors: Telleria Escobar Loreta
Published: August 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal describir y explicar la orientación, iniciativas, condiciones y efectos de las políticas policiales desarrollada por el gobierno de Evo Morales en Bolivia, en el periodo 2006-2014. En particular se pretende analizar los cambios y continuidades ocurridos en esta materia, tomando en cuenta la orientación política de izquierda del gobierno y la implementación de un proceso de cambio en el país, a través de la construcción de un Estado Plurinacional.
Practicing What It Preaches? Understanding the Contradictions between Pluralist Theology and Religious Intolerance within Indonesia’s Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Arifianto Alexander R
Published: August 2018

The Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has long been known for its moderate, pluralist theology. However, many grassroot NU clerics and activists do not pay attention to these pluralist teachings. Instead, they carried out attacks and religious persecutions against religious minorities such as the Ahmadi and Shi’ite communities in Indonesia. It is puzzling to see a big contradiction between the pluralist theological beliefs articulated by some of NU’s senior clerics and the religiously intolerant actions conducted by many of its clerics and activists against religious minorities at a grassroot level. Using insights from social movement theory, this article argues that the roots of such contradictions can be traced back to NU’s organizational structure, which is decentralized and leave ultimate theological authority with local clerics who run their own Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and issue their own theological interpretations and rulings (fatwa) that are being obeyed by their students and followers.[NU telah lama dikenal berteologi moderat dan pluralis. Meskipun demikian, ulama dan aktifis akar rumput kurang memperhatikan ajaran pluralis tersebut. Bahkan sebagian dari mereka justru terlibat dalam penyerangan dan persekusi kelompok minoritas seperti Ahmadiyah dan Shiah di Indonesia. Hal ini cukup membingungkan dan kontradiktif antara artikulasi pemikiran pluralis tokoh senior NU dengan tindakan intoleran yang dilakukan pengikut NU di level akar rumput. Dengan pendekatan teori gerakan sosial, artikel ini menjelaskan kontradiksi tersebut dengan melacak akarnya pada struktur organisasi NU yang terdesentralisasi dan otoritas teologi berbasis ulama lokal yang mempunyai pesantren dan interpretasi keagamaannya sendiri yang dipatuhi oleh santri dan pengikutnya.]
Feminist Kyai, K.H. Husein Muhammad: The Feminist Interpretation on Gendered Verses and the Qur’ān-Based Activism
Authors: Rahman Yusuf
Published: August 2018

Husein Muhammad, a feminist ‘ālim or kyai of Dar al-Tauhid Islamic boarding school in Arjawinangun Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia, has written various articles and books on women issues and gender problem. Growing up in a conservative family, and graduating from Al-Azhar University, kyai Husein becomes one of the main proponents of Islamic feminism in Indonesia. Apart from leading a pesantren (Islamic boarding school), in 2000 kyai Husein established Fahmina Institute, an NGO which strives to promote community empowerment and gender justice based on pesantren tradition, and Fahmina Islamic Studies Institute, an Islamic higher education, which aims to build a tolerant and unprejudiced Indonesian Islam. This article discusses his approach in reinterpreting the Qur’ānic verses and Islamic traditions on women issues, and his contribution in the light of the discourse of gender and feminism in Islam as well as in mainstreaming gender in Indonesia. [KH Husein Muhammad merupakan ulama feminis, pengasuh Pondok Pesantren Dar al-Tauhid Arjawinangun Cirebon Jawa Barat, yang telah menghasilkan banyak tulisan dan buku terkait persoalan perempuan dan masalah gender. Beliau yang dibesarkan dalam keluarga tradisional dan lulusan Universitas Al-Azhar, kini telah menjadi tokoh utama feminis Islam di Indonesia. Disamping menjadi pemimpin pondok pesantren, beliau mendirikan Fahmina Institute pada tahun 2000 yang merupakan sebuah LSM pemberdayaan masyarakat dan keadilan gender berbasis pesantren tradisional. Selain itu juga mendirikan Fahmina Islamic Studies Institute, sebuah perguruan tinggi Islam yang bertujuan membangun toleransi dan mengikis prasangka Islam Indonesia. Tulisan ini membahas pendekatannya dalam menafsirkan ayat al Qur’an dan tradisi Islam mengenai persoalan perempuan serta kontribusinya dalam pencerahan wacana gender dan feminisme dalam Islam terutama pengarusutamaan gender di Indonesia.]
Yathrib Jews’ Language(s): A Study Based on Authentic Ḥadiṯs
Authors: Sbaihat Ahlam , Albanna Nama'
Published: August 2018

A controversial topic of research was the language of the Jews of Yathrib, this research tries to shed light on the controversial issue. Muslim and non-muslim scholars give different explanations. However, none of these theories could determine whether this language is spoken or written. Hadiths of Prophet Muḥammad indicate three languages; Hebrew, Aramaic and Syriac. For the purpose of this study, the researchers have gathered a repertoire of the authentic hadiths of the prophet related to the topic, accredited and then analyzed them. The results indicate that the Prophet asked Zayd, his translator, to learn Hebrew, which is the language of correspondence and worship of the Jews of Yathrib. Furthermore, the study shows that the language of everyday communication of the Jews of Yathrib was Arabic, which borrowed some worship-related Hebrew terms.[Topik riset ini mencoba mengangkat beberapa isu kontroversi yang terkait dengan bahasa orang Yahudi di Yathrib (Medinah). Berbagai teori dan penjelasan dari akademisi muslim atau Orientalis masih memperdebatkan apakah bahasa tersebut merupakan bahasa lisan atau tulis. Secara eksplisit dalam hadis Nabi terindikasi adanya tiga bahasa yaitu: Ibrani, Aramaik dan Syria. Dalam tulisan ini, peneliti akan mengumpulkan, akreditasi dan analisis hadits Nabi yang autentik terkait dengan topik ini. Kesimpulannya menunjukkan bahwa Nabi memerintahkan Zayd, penerjemahnya, untuk belajar bahasa Ibrani yang mana merupakan bahasa surat – menyurat dan ritual orang Yahudi di Medinah. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa komunikasi sehari-hari orang Yahudi di Medinah adalah bahasa Arab yang diantaranya meminjam beberapa istilah dalam bahasa Ibrani.]
Influencia del contexto en la estética de la narrativa de posguerra
Authors: García-Blay María Gloria , Micó Escrivá Tomás Ernesto
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar el contexto de la posguerra española y establecer su relación con la estética literaria de las diferentes promociones de narradores. Tras un esbozo del panorama socioeconómico, se analizan las características de los primeros escritores de posguerra y las peculiaridades de la novela existencial, partiendo de las primeras obras de Cela y Laforet. Seguidamente, nos centramos en la generación del medio siglo y sus dos corrientes, la novela social y el neorrealismo. Por último, se reflejan los cambios estéticos de la década de 1960 a partir de Tiempo de silencio.
Miniaturowe perspektywy urbanistyczno-krajoznawcze Karela Čapka
Authors: Skibska Anna Maria
Published: August 2018

Miniaturowe perspektywy urbanistyczno-krajoznawcze Karela Čapka – w eseju próbuję rzucić nieco światła na umiłowanie detalu władającego opisem przestrzeni odkrywanej przez twórcę Hordubala w czasie jego europejskich wojaży. Wywiedzione z koncepcji „małego narodu”, interpretowanej – w przeciwieństwie do Milana Kundery – w duchu afirmacji, umiłowanie to wyrażane jest poprzez szczególną retoryczną dialektykę litoty oraz hiperboli, która wytwarza narrację o małych, często jednorazowych „pomnikach” miejsc przez Čapka odwiedzanych.
“Being a dancer is not only a passion” – dance forms in the prose works of Milan Kundera
Authors: Cieliczko Małgorzata
Published: August 2018

The author of this article analyses the way in which dance and the dancer function within the prose works of Milan Kundera. Preceded by an introduction which analyses the figure of homo saltans from a cultural perspective, this review of the topic of dance (understood phenomenologically) presents four literary aspects in which it reveals itself. These perspectives are not conflicting, but neither are they complementary. The first relates to ritual rites of dancing in a circle, and their (crooked) reflection can be seen in the socio-political experience of the 20th century. The second presents dance as a narrative element, which asks questions about its own nature, and therefore has an autotelic and universalising character. The third aspect presents a metaphorical understanding of dance movement, while the fourth relates to philosophies of the dance and the dancer, as proposed by one of the protagonists in Slowness, leading this persona away from aesthetics towards the experience of public life. According to the author of this article, dance is used by Kundera to discover more interesting layers of the human condition, but much here depends on the reader.
Commutability of external quality assessment materials for serum sodium and potassium measurements
Authors: Yan Ying , Han Bingqing , Zhao Haijian , Ma Rong , Wang Jing , Wang Donghuan , Hu Cuihua , Chen Wenxiang , Zhang Chuanbao
Published: August 2018

Background

The commutability of electrolyte trueness verification materials (ETVs) and commercial general chemistry materials (GCs) was evaluated to investigate their suitability for use in an external quality assessment (EQA) program for serum sodium and potassium measurements.

Methods

Eighty fresh individual human samples (40 for sodium measurements and 40 for potassium measurements), six ETVs and three GCs were analyzed by five routine methods (validated methods) and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry reference methods (comparative methods) for the determination of sodium and potassium. The commutability was analyzed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP14-A3 protocol and difference in bias approach, respectively. The linearity, bias and imprecision of the routine methods were also assessed according to CLSI guidelines.

Results

According to EP14-A3 protocol, ETVs were commutable for all assays, and GCs were commutable for 3/5 assays for sodium. ETVs were commutable in most assays except Cobas C501, while GCs showed no commutability except in case of AU5821 for potassium. According to a difference in bias approach, the commutability of ETVs was inconclusive for most routine assays for both sodium and potassium, and GCs were inconclusive for sodium and non-commutable for potassium in most routine assays. The routine methods exhibited excellent linearities and precisions. The majority and minority of relative biases between the routine and reference methods were beyond the bias limits for sodium and potassium, respectively.

Conclusions

Superiority in the commutability of ETVs over GCs was observed among the sodium and potassium assays whichever evaluation approach was applied.
Effect of Martensite Structure and Carbide Precipitates on Mechanical Properties of Cr-Mo Alloy Steel with Different Cooling Rate
Authors: Zheng Yaxu , Wang Fuming , Li Changrong , Lin Yu , Cao Ruifang
Published: August 2018

The effect of cooling rate on martensitic structure and carbides precipitation behavior was investigated based on Cr-Mo alloy steel with different quenching media of oil, water and 10% NaCl-water, respectively. The influence mechanism of martensite structure and carbide precipitates on mechanical properties was also studied. The results showed that martensite packets and blocks were refined with water quenching, however, they were coarse with oil or 10% NaCl-water quenching. Martensite laths were refined and dislocation density increased with increasing cooling rate. The carbides in tempered steel were coarse obviously with 10% NaCl-water quenching. The impact toughness deteriorated significantly with 10% NaCl-water quenching due to coarsening of martensite structure and carbides.
Toward a mechanistic understanding of plasmon-mediated photocatalysis
Authors: Brooks James L. , Warkentin Christopher L. , Saha Dayeeta , Keller Emily L. , Frontiera Renee R.
Published: August 2018

One of the most exciting new developments in the plasmonic nanomaterials field is the discovery of their ability to mediate a number of photocatalytic reactions. Since the initial prediction of driving chemical reactions with plasmons in the 1980s, the field has rapidly expanded in recent years, demonstrating the ability of plasmons to drive chemical reactions, such as water splitting, ammonia generation, and CO2 reduction, among many other examples. Unfortunately, the efficiencies of these processes are currently suboptimal for practical widespread applications. The limitations in recorded outputs can be linked to the current lack of a knowledge pertaining to mechanisms of the partitioning of plasmonic energy after photoexcitation. Providing a descriptive and quantitative mechanism of the processes involved in driving plasmon-induced photochemical reactions, starting at the initial plasmon excitation, followed by hot carrier generation, energy transfer, and thermal effects, is critical for the advancement of the field as a whole. Here, we provide a mechanistic perspective on plasmonic photocatalysis by reviewing select experimental approaches. We focus on spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques that provide molecular-scale information on the processes that occur in the coupled molecular-plasmonic system after photoexcitation. To conclude, we evaluate several promising techniques for future applications in elucidating the mechanism of plasmon-mediated photocatalysis.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the copper silylamide cluster compound [Cu9{MesSi(NPh)3}2(PhCO2)3]
Authors: Morgenstern Uwe , Wagner Christoph , Merzweiler Kurt
Published: August 2018

The trifunctional silylamine MesSi(NHPh)3(Mes: 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) was prepared by standard methods from MesSiCl3and LiNHPh. Lithiation of MesSi(NHPh)3and subsequent reaction with copper(I) benzoate afforded the nonanuclear cluster complex [Cu9{MesSi(NPh)3}2(PhCO2)3]·2toluene. The cluster core consists of three copper atoms which are coordinated almost linearly by the nitrogen atoms of two adjacing MesSi(NPh)3units. Additionally, each of the silylamide nitrogen atoms is connected to a peripheral copper atom and the peripheral copper atoms are linked byμ2-κ(O,O′) bridging benzoate groups. The observed Cu–N distances are in the range 189.6(4)–196.7(3) pm.
Remote cays and the pre-Columbian colonisation of The Bahamas
Authors: Keegan William F. , Pateman Michael P.
Published: August 2018

Recent research investigating the origins of Bahama archipelago habitation conducted archaeological surveys on the remote Bahamian Guinchos Cay and Cay Lobos. A complete lack of prehistoric evidence, however, suggests that they played no significant role in the colonisation of The Bahamas.
Sensitivity Analysis of Factors Affecting the Calibration of Heat-Flow-Meter Apparatus
Authors: Zarr Robert R. , Carvajal Sergio A. , Filliben James J.
Published: August 2018

The analysis and results of a sensitivity study of four procedural variables on the calibration response of two commercial heat-flow-meter apparatuses in conformance with ASTM Test Method C518, Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus, are presented. The apparatuses ranged in plate size from 305 mm by 305 mm to 610 mm by 610 mm and were calibrated using Standard Reference Materials 1450c, Fibrous Glass Board, and 1453, Expanded Polystyrene Board, issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. A major objective of the study is to rank the relative importance of the factors and interactions affecting the calibration of the apparatus. Seventy-six runs were conducted under input conditions that varied the mean temperatures from 17°C to 30°C, temperature differences from 17 K to 30 K, heat flow up or down across the specimen thickness, and different circulation bath temperatures. For each apparatus and SRM, the experiment followed a full factorial design for the four factors and included three interspatial replicates to assess for temporal drift. The study revealed that mean temperature and heat flow direction were the two most important test method factors affecting the calibration of both apparatuses. Although the temperature effect was the same for both apparatuses, the heat flow direction effect was found to be instrument dependent. The study also found that the calibration factor for each apparatus was affected by the reference material utilized for calibration. Empirically derived predictive models for each apparatus SRM combination are presented covering the experimental region defined by the input test conditions.
Prediction Adequacy of Creep of Recycled Concrete Influenced by the Water Absorption in Recycled Aggregates
Authors: Huang Haisheng , Zheng Jianlan
Published: August 2018

A recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) has much higher water absorption content compared to a natural aggregate and could significantly influence the creep properties and durability of concrete. This article investigates the influence of RCA and its water absorption content on the creep properties of concrete and develops a model to predict the creep of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Two types of RCA obtained from the lab and field with different water absorption contents were used to prepare RAC. RCAs were mixed with natural aggregates at four replacement ratios (0, 50 %, 70 %, and 100 %). Creep and shrinkage tests were conducted to measure the specific total creep, specific basic creep, coefficients of total creep and basic creep, and shrinkage of sealed and unsealed concrete specimens subjected to sustained compression loads. The existing total creep model was modified by considering the influence of water absorption of residual mortar in RCAs, and a new model was calibrated and verified with experimental data. The results show that both the total and basic creep of RAC increased with the RCA replacement ratio and the water absorption of RCA. The total creep values of RAC were much higher than the basic creep values of RAC. Type II RCA, with RCA that had a higher water absorption, produced higher creep values than Type I RCA. The modified total creep model presented high accuracy in predicting the total creep of RAC, and thus may be potentially used to predict total creep of RAC when mixed with dry RCAs in practice.
In-Place Estimation of Concrete Compressive Strength Using Postinstalled Pullout Test – A Case Study
Authors: Li Zhengqi , Desai Jigar , Bullock Wesley
Published: August 2018

It was proposed that a 16-story steel framing structure be built on top of an existing 12-year-old 1-story reinforced-concrete structure. The in-place concrete compressive strength of 3 footings and 29 plinths was estimated using a postinstalled pullout test and a core compressive strength test. The influence of different length-to-diameter ratios of the cores and different diameters of cores and the correlation between maximum pullout force and core compressive strength were investigated. The results of the pullout test and core strength test indicate that the concrete compressive strength of footings and plinths was considered structurally adequate as per the acceptance criteria for tested core strength and estimated core strength given by ACI 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, and ACI 228.1R, In-Place Methods to Estimate Concrete Strength, respectively. Maximum pullout force had a strong correlation with the core compressive strength. The influence of the different length-to-diameter ratio of cores on the strength correlation was not significant if the raw results of the compressive strength tests were corrected by multiplying the corresponding correction factors for the length-to-diameter ratio given by ASTM C42, Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete. The mixed use of the test results of 3.20 and 3.74-in. (81-mm and 95-mm) cores resulted in a decrease in the R2 of the correlation model, compared to that of the correlation model based on 3.74-in. (95-mm) cores. This was attributed to the potentially increased testing error as the diameter of the cores decreased. Recommendations for successfully performing postinstalled pullout tests in the field were proposed. With the use of pullout tests, the project team was able to determine that the existing structural members had sufficient capacity. A delay in the project schedule was avoided.
Run Sum Chart for the Mean with Auxiliary Information
Authors: Ng Peh Sang , Khoo Michael Boon Chong , Saha Sajal , Teh Sin Yin
Published: August 2018

The use of the auxiliary information (AI) method in control charts is gaining increasing attention. Many studies have shown that auxiliary information-based charts can boost the charts’ performances in the detection of out-of-control signals. In this study, a run sum chart for the mean based on auxiliary characteristics (abbreviated as the RS-AI chart) is proposed. The optimization designs of the RS-AI chart in minimizing the steady-state out-of-control average run length (ARL) and expected average run length (EARL) are developed. The formulae to compute the steady-state ARL and EARL of the RS-AI chart are derived using the Markov chain approach. The RS-AI chart is compared with the Shewhart AI, synthetic AI, and exponentially weighted moving average AI charts. The results show that the RS-AI chart outperforms the competing charts for all shift sizes when the correlation between the auxiliary and the study variable is large. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the implementation of the RS-AI chart.
TARÇIN, KEÇİBOYNUZU VE ZENCEFİL İLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLEREK ÜRETİLMİŞ KEÇİ SÜTÜ TOZLARININ ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: BAYKAL Hale , KARAİS Kübra , ÇALIŞKAN KOÇ Gülşah , DİRİM Safiye Nur
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sade ve farklı konsantrasyonlarda
(%1-8 ağırlıkça) tarçın, keçiboynuzu ve zencefil tozu ile zenginleştirilmiş ve
püskürtmeli kurutucuda kurutulmuş keçi sütü tozu üretimi ve aroma maddesi tipi
ve konsantrasyonunun son ürünün kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisinin
incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla, kurutma hava giriş ve çıkış sıcaklığı sırasıyla
160°C ve 80°C olarak belirlenmiş ve besleme debisi istenen hava çıkış
sıcaklığını elde edecek şekilde ayarlanmıştır. Zenginleştirilmiş keçi sütü
tozlarının fiziksel, toz ve duyusal özellikleri, toz ürün verimliliği ve
püskürtmeli kurutucunun enerji verimliliği belirlenmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş
keçi sütü tozlarının nem içeriği %2.55-4.97, su aktivitesi değeri ise 0.201-0.31
arasında değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek parlaklık değerine sade keçi sütü
tozları sahipken, bunu sırasıyla zencefil, keçiboynuzu ve tarçın içeren keçi
sütü tozlarının takip ettiği gözlenmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş keçi sütü
tozlarının akabilirlik ve yapışkanlık davranışları genelde orta-kötü ve yüksek
olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan duyusal değerlendirme sonucunda tarçın ile
zenginleştirilmiş keçi sütü tozu örneklerinin diğer örneklere kıyasla daha çok
beğenildiği gözlenmiştir.
Legal-Political Rhetoric, Human Rights, and the Constitution of Medina*
Authors: Diab Rasha
Published: August 2018

The article demonstrates how the Constitution of Medina (622 ce) is a multidimensional rhetoric of justice that countered rampant violence in the nascent city-state known as Medina. To make this argument, the article first introduces this legal-political text and explicates the rhetorical exigence that mandated Medina's inhabitants to articulate a framework for rights and obligations. Second, the article demonstrates how the constitution unified this citizenry by (1) recognizing everyone's equal standing, equality, and rights—especially to religious freedom and justice—across their religious and tribal affiliations; and (2) establishing institutional measures that realize these rights. As rhetoric of possibility, the Constitution of Medina constituted a community and modeled rights discourse.
Advanced practices for care management: reflections on the Brazilian Nursing
Authors: Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to explain about the Advanced Nursing Practice and to discuss the possibilities of the Advanced Practice for the management of nursing care in Brazil. Method: this is a theoretical-reflexive trial, based on the international literature on advanced practices in nursing and analysis relevant to the profession and to the Brazilian context. Results: the object of the study was described in the following driving axes: Advanced Practice Nurse: international examples and Brazilian reality; Reflections on the care management by the Advanced Practice Nurse in Brazil. Autonomy, qualified training, leadership and performance based on scientific evidences as the foundation of the best care management by the Advanced Nursing Practice, stand out. Final considerations: while early and challenging, the work of Brazilian nursing towards advanced professional practice seems to be interesting, since the possibilities of managing the care of this modality of nurses' performance are evident.
Nursing diagnoses of patients with kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Spigolon Dandara Novakowski , Teston Elen Ferraz , Souza Fábio de Oliveira , Santos Bruna dos , Souza Rebeca Rosa de , Moreira Neto Antônio
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify Nursing Diagnoses of 5th stage chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study carried out with 151 patients undergoing hemodialysis in a clinic specialized in nephrology from the Northwest of the Paraná State. Nursing Diagnoses were determined through Nanda-I in which had the percentage greater than 50%. The analysis used was the simple statistics. Results: 17 Nursing Diagnoses were identified, emphasizing the risks present in 100% of patients: risks for electrolyte imbalance; ineffective kidney perfusion; infection: vascular injuries, adverse response to the iodine-based contrast-enhanced and impaired urinary elimination. Conclusion: the main diagnoses listed reflect the more frequent risks that patients undergoing hemodialysis are exposed to. Being aware of these risks allows the nursing planning with early interventions, in order to prevent complications related to the disease and to promote best life conditions.
Cardiorespiratory evaluation of brachycephalic syndrome in dogs
Authors: Canola Raphaela A.M. , Sousa Marlos G. , Braz Jaislane B. , Restan Wilmer Alejandro Z. , Yamada Diego I. , Silva Filho Jorge C. , Camacho Aparecido A.
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: Brachycephalic syndrome (BS) in dogs is characterized by the combination of primary and secondary upper respiratory tract abnormalities and may result in significant upper airway obstruction. It can trigger inspiratory dyspnea, culminating in secondary respiratory distress, soft tissue edema, upper airway obstruction, turbulent airflow, inspiratory noise, and even death. These changes lead to increased resistance of the air passages, which can cause elevation of pulmonary pressure and clinical manifestations attributable to pulmonary hypertension. The consequence is right-sided cardiac remodeling (Cor pulmonale) with possible progression to right congestive heart failure. To investigate the effects of BS on the cardiovascular system, 28 animals were recruited for a prospective study and assigned to either the Brachycephalic Group (BG), composed of 22 French bulldogs with BS or the Control Group (CG), which was composed of 6 healthy Beagle dogs. All animals underwent a detailed physical examination, as well as laboratory analyses, electrocardiography, echocardiography, chest radiography and indirect measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure. The most relevant finding was a lower PaO2 (90.6±12.9mmHg) in BG as compared to CG (104.9±5.2), (p≤0.05), possibly attributable to hypoventilation due to anatomical alterations.
El desplazamiento en Colombia y sus diversas miradas
Authors: Cabrera-Suárez Lizandro Alfonso
Published: August 2018

Tema y alcance: los desplazados día a día se ven acompañados por el desprecio y la humillación. El efecto que esto produce tal vez no es apreciable para el habitante de Cali, quien, por el contrario, los ve como un problema y una carga social. Sin embargo, su calidad de vida se opone con el altísimo negocio de los que ahora ocupan sus tierras. Características: los desplazados se ven obligados a mimetizarse en la sociedad y olvidar la producción en el campo, a cambiar su vida y aprender a ganar su sustento. Las sociedades mutan y la de Colombia más por ser un país en guerra. Hallazgos: la realidad social que vive el desplazado en Cali y los posibles mecanismos de orientación frente a la actitud y ayuda que se le puede prestar a estos colombianos que, por fuerzas externas, se ven obligados a tocar puertas con la esperanza de encontrarle solución definitiva a su problema. Además, ampliará la visión del colombiano frente al desplazado para que no sea más un problema que se nombra en los noticieros, pero que una vez en la calle es invisible para el ciudadano. El Estado debe prepararse para afrontar los nuevos retos que le propone la sociedad, y el desplazamiento es uno de ellos. Conclusiones: los desplazados son más noticia al huir que al morir.
Breve estudio descriptivo de los daños ambientales
Authors: Rivera-Olarte Franciso Javier
Published: August 2018

Introducción: este artículo se ocupa de un estudio descriptivo sobre el tratamiento del daño ambiental en su doble valoración jurídica, a partir de la teoría general del daño. Recoge algunas tendencias doctrinales y jurisprudenciales relevantes en los últimos tiempos, con el fin de indagar si la transposición del daño clásico es suficiente para comprender el daño ambiental y el daño ecológico, teniendo en cuenta sus características y los caracteres del daño ambiental. Metodología: se aplicó el enfoque descriptivo y el método deductivo para estudiar el fenómeno ambiental desde sus dos dimensiones conceptuales: el daño ambiental y el daño ecológico, las cuales atienden a realidades, efectos y responsabilidades de apreciación diferente. Estos aspectos deben valorarse holísticamente en el propósito de lograr establecer una visión clara de los factores de similitud y diferenciación, con su consecuente implicación en materia de responsabilidad. Resultados: las concepciones de daño ambiental y daño ecológico, desde el punto de vista jurídico, no pueden ser tratadas como acepciones equivalentes, toda vez que doctrinal y jurisprudencialmente se han establecido factores de diferenciación, encontrando que el medio ambiente natural representa el factor diferenciador del daño clásico del daño ambiental, mientras que la similitud se representa por la afectación en la esfera personal, patrimonial y moral que connotan. Conclusiones: a fin de lograr una acepción acertada del daño ambiental, es necesario desligar su implicación patrimonial, evitando establecer categorías de prelación del daño ambiental sobre el ecológico.
Influence of Rock Properties in Estimating Rock Strength for Shallow Underground Structures in Weak Rocks
Authors: Agustawijaya Didi Supriadi
Published: August 2018

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.93-105Two popular rock strength criteria, the linear Coulomb and non-linear Hoek-Brown, are widely used in underground designs. These two criteria may be applied differently depending on rock conditions. Weak rocks may have different properties compared to hard rocks. Both criteria have been applied in a current research to practically determine the applicability of the criteria in estimating the strength of weak rock masses of five shallow underground structures. Results show that both criteria are able to model the strength of the five weak rock masses, but as expected the criteria provide quite different values for each type of rocks. The strength of rock masses around underground structures depends on uniaxial compressive strength and confinement; but the linear criterion very much depends on shear characteristics of rock materials. Whereas, the non-linear criterion relies on the geological strength index (GSI). Although the GSI may have served practical descriptions for rock masses, some difficulties were found when using the GSI for very weak pyroclastic rocks. The GSI seems to provide underestimated indexes for these rock types. Estimations show that the non-linear criterion may not really exhibit curved strength envelopes rather linear in some sense, for five weak rock masses. Thus in general, when an underground structure is reasonably shallow, has a lack of confinement, and where the shear behaviour dominates rock failures, the linear criterion is more preferable than the non-linear criterion in modelling the strength of weak rock masses.