Current possibilities of certain types of forensic examinations in combating crimes against the information security of Ukraine
Authors: Kolonyuk V. V. , Khodanovych V. O. 
Published: November 2024

The article examines the modern capabilities of certain types of forensic examinations in combating crimes that encroach on the information security of Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the need to protect the information structure of the state, which is designed to ensure security and, as a result, stability and stability of the main spheres of life, in particular, state and military administration, economy, science, as well as public consciousness from dangerous destabilizing and destructive informational influences. It is emphasized that the dissemination of destructive materials poses a threat to the national interests of Ukraine, as it can provoke significant social conflicts in the economic, political, religious and other spheres of public life, as well as encroach on the constitutional order, territorial integrity and independence of the state, and the national consciousness of its population.
It is noted separately that the text and non-verbal components of extremist materials are the main subject of research and the main source of evidence in criminal proceedings about crimes against the information security of Ukraine. A forensic linguist determines whether a specific text actually contains exhortations and what their content is, their direction, what their nature is and what audience they are intended for, etc. In addition, determining the semantic direction of the disputed text is a preliminary and mandatory condition for the legal assessment of the act as illegal and this provides grounds for conducting a pre-trial investigation. Interpretation and interpretation of the meaning of an oral statement or a written text requires the mandatory involvement of special linguistic knowledge not only in cases of using manipulative techniques of speech influence on the audience, but also to identify propaganda reflected by the audience, calls to commit certain actions, threats and incitement, justification or substantiation of the need to carry out illegal activity.
The opinion is expressed that before the experts involved in the pre-trial investigation, the question arises not only of establishing the content of the text, but also its direction, the used specific means of influencing the reader or the audience with the aim of inciting certain illegal actions that harm the interests of the state. That is, issues of psychological influence are resolved by publicizing appeals using speech media. The article draws attention to the expediency of a comprehensive psycho-linguistic study of communication objects. It is emphasized that in the psycholinguistic examination it is necessary to form questions to the expert in such a way that it reflects the linguistic and psychological aspects of those phenomena which in law have a name that is conveyed in verbal form and in a certain way. It is noted separately that the expert opinion of both linguistic and psycho-linguistic expertise should in no case contain a legal assessment, which can be exercised only by the pre-trial investigation body, the defense and the court.