bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lectura crítica intermediada por la narrativa de la fábula como estrategia didáctica
Authors: Delia Rosa Villarreal-Borrero  , Leidibeth Jiménez-Cárdenas  , Gustavo Adolfo González-Roys
Published: July 2021

Dentro de la competencia lectora, el nivel de lectura crítica y sus componentes transversales semántico, sintáctico y pragmático, revisten señalada importancia para desarrollar aprendizajes significativos. Con el objetivo de fomentar la lectura crítica por intermediación de la fábula como estrategia didáctica en los estudiantes de cuarto grado de la Institución Educativa Palmar Caño Hondo de Chimichagua, Cesar, se recurrió a Cassany, Pinzas, Romero y Salgado, entre otros. Enmarcada en la Investigación Acción Pedagógica, se aplicó un cuestionario diagnóstico y diarios de campo a 15 estudiantes del grado 4°. Se aplicó la estrategia didáctica ‘Taller de Lectura: La fábula’, con resultados que indican el logro del interés hacia la lectura en sus tres niveles: literal, inferencial y crítico analítico. Se concluyó que la aplicación de estrategias didácticas basadas en la fábula, ayuda a los estudiantes a desarrollar niveles lectores complejos, como la lectura crítica.
Calidad de atención en un servicio de emergencias de tercer nivel de atención
Authors: Deissy Alejandra Castro-Montenegro  , Elsa Yolanda Chamorro-Cabrera  , Linda María Rosado-Onofre  , Lydia Esperanza Miranda-Gámez
Published: July 2021

La calidad de atención de emergencias se ha convertido en un tema de interés, dada la transcendencia que tiene por ser el primer punto de contacto entre la población y una institución de salud, para acceder de forma urgente a recibir una atención. Objetivo: determinar los factores que influyen en la calidad de atención del servicio de emergencia de un hospital de tercer nivel en la ciudad de Quito, periodo septiembre- noviembre del año 2019. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, con modelo de Donabedian (satisfacción de atención en clientes externos y calidad técnica y conocimiento en cliente interno); participaron 68 clientes internos y 154 externos. Resultados: entre los porcentajes más altos de cumplimiento se destaca: cliente externo 96,8 % personas atendidas, recibieron un trato amable; y cliente interno, 92,6 % afirmaron que la institución cuenta con guías y protocolos de atención. Los porcentajes más bajos en cliente externo, 47,4 % sugieren estar conformes con el tiempo que se demoraron para ser atendidos; y en cliente interno, 48,5 % manifestaron que el personal en el servicio no es suficiente para atender las demandas.
The Excess Costs of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sontheimer Nadine , Konnopka Alexander , König Hans-Helmut
Published: July 2021

Background: Dementia is one of the costliest diseases for health care systems with growing importance for policy makers. Objective: The aim of this study is to systematically review the current literature of excess cost studies for dementia and to analyze excess costs in a meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EconLit, NHS-EED, and Cochrane Library. 22 studies were included and assigned to one of three subgroups according to the time period that they analyzed during disease progression: the time of diagnosis, the time between diagnosis and death, and the time prior to death. Excess costs were analyzed using the ratio of means (ROM) and meta-analysis was performed by pooling ROMs in a random effects model. Results: Total costs were significantly higher for demented persons compared to non-demented persons at the time of diagnosis (ROM: 2.08 [1.71, 2.54], p < 0.00001, I2 = 98%) and in the time period between diagnosis and death (ROM: 2.19 [1.97, 2.44], p < 0.00001, I2 = 100%). The ROM was highest for professional home care (ROM: 4.96 [2.62, 9.40], p < 0.0001, I2 = 88%) and for nursing facilities (ROM: 4.02 [2.53, 6.40], p < 0.00001, I2 = 100%) for the time period between diagnosis and death. Conclusion: This meta-analysis is the first to assess excess costs of dementia by the ROM method on a global scale. We conclude that our findings demonstrate that costs of dementia constitute a substantial economic burden.
An Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Method for Dementia Detection Using Images from the Clock Drawing Test
Authors: Amini Samad , Zhang Lifu , Hao Boran , Gupta Aman , Song Mengting , Karjadi Cody , Lin Honghuang , Kolachalama Vijaya B. , Au Rhoda , Paschalidis Ioannis Ch.
Published: July 2021

Background: Widespread dementia detection could increase clinical trial candidates and enable appropriate interventions. Since the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) can be potentially used for diagnosing dementia-related disorders, it can be leveraged to develop a computer-aided screening tool. Objective: To evaluate if a machine learning model that uses images from the CDT can predict mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Methods: Images of an analog clock drawn by 3,263 cognitively intact and 160 impaired subjects were collected during in-person dementia evaluations by the Framingham Heart Study. We processed the CDT images, participant’s age, and education level using a deep learning algorithm to predict dementia status. Results: When only the CDT images were used, the deep learning model predicted dementia status with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 81.3% ± 4.3%. A composite logistic regression model using age, level of education, and the predictions from the CDT-only model, yielded an average AUC and average F1 score of 91.9% ±1.1% and 94.6% ±0.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Our modeling framework establishes a proof-of-principle that deep learning can be applied on images derived from the CDT to predict dementia status. When fully validated, this approach can offer a cost-effective and easily deployable mechanism for detecting cognitive impairment.
Рецензія на трьохтомну "Історію релігій" авторства О.М.Шепетяка
Authors: Филипович Людмила Олександрівна
Published: July 2021

Рецензія на трьохтомну "Історію релігій О.М.Шепетяка
Слово редактора
Authors: Колодний Анатолій Миколайович
Published: July 2021

Слово редактора до чергового 94 номеру журналу
PKM IBU DAN BALITA STUNTING DI PUSKESMAS PERAWATAN WAAI, KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Victoria Souisa Gracia , Rehena Zasendy , Joseph Chriselia
Published: July 2021

Dusun Wainuru dan Dusun Ujung Batu merupakan wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perawatan Waai, Kecamatan Salahutu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah dengan permasalahan stunting yang tinggi. Stunting dapat disebabkan oleh multi faktor seperti angka kecukupan gizi anak, faktor lingkungan dan ekonomi/ pendapatan keluarga. Kesadaran orang tua untuk membawa anak ke Posyandu masih kurang. Akses air bersih, bergantung pada air hujan dan membeli air ketika musim kemarau. Terbatasnya pendapatan masyarakat karena sebagian besar masyarakat berprofesi sebagai nelayan yang bekerja musiman sesuai keadaan cuaca. Jenis tanaman perkebunan hanya berupa tanaman ubi jalar, singkong, pisang yang harganya murah di pasaran. Solusi yang telah dilaksanakan bersama mitra adalah 1). Pemeriksaan air bersih dan hasilnya masih memenuhi persyaratan fisik dan kimia air, namun ada 2 sampel yang belum memenuhi persyaratan mikrobiologi yaitu ditemukan keberadaan E.coli melebihi ambang batas; 2). Pemeriksaan kecacingan menunjukan bahwa dari 26 sampel feses, ada 7 sampel yang positif telur cacing Ascaris lumbricoides. 3). Kegiatan Penyuluhan bagi kader dan ibu rumah tangga tentang stunting dan pengelolaan keuangan keluarga dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dan dialog interaktif. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukan bertambahnya pengetahuan ibu tentang stunting dan pengelolaan keuangan keluarga.
PKM STRATEGI UNTUK MEREKRUT MAHASISWA BARU DI UMN AL-WASHLIYAH MELALUI LOYALITAS ALUMNI DI KELURAHAN TUALANG KECAMATAN PERBAUNGAN KABUPATEN SERDANG BERDAGAI
Authors: Mulyono Hardi , Purba Nelvitia , Hilman Fikri Muhammad , Iskandar Batubara Dedi
Published: July 2021

Mahasiswa  yang  loyal dalam hal ini alumni adalah   menjadi  sumber  keunggulan  kompetitif  suatu perguruan  tinggi   dengan  mepromosikan   melalui   mulut   ke  mulut,   retensi terhadap  bujukan  perguruan tinggi lain dan pembelian ulang.Dengan begitu konsep mahasiswa sebagai pelanggan menekankan  pentingnya bagi  universitas  untuk  membina  hubungan  dua  arah  yang interaktif   dan berbasis  dialog  karena  keduanya  terlibat  secara  inheren  dan  tak terpisahkan dalam layanan jasa. Fondasi  yang  diperlukan  bagi Perguruan Tinggi   untuk  mempertahankan  pelanggan yang  ada adalah dengan meningkatkan pelayanan .  Layanan  yang  buruk  atau tingkat layanan yang tidak memuaskan, yang tidak dapat memenuhi harapan pelanggan dalam hal ini adalah Mahasiswa  seprerti daya   tarik   Mahasiswa   baru,    yang   ada,  perilaku   donasi,   dan keanggotaan   organisasi   yang   ada   di   lingkungan   Universitas   Dengan  tingginya  kepuasan  mahasiswa  di  universitas  akan memberikan   implikasi berupa tingginya  mahasiswa baru yang ingin kuliah di UMN Al Washliyah Medan. Permasalahan Mitra adalah Berdasarkan Wawancara Dengan Lurah Kelurahan Tualang Presentase Yang Kuliah Di UMN Al Washliyah Medan masih rendah. Dengan Berjangkitnya Covid 19 di Dunia dan tidak pengecualian di Kelurahan Tualang ini masyarakat mengalami kemerosotan Ekonomi, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap keadaan Ekonomi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari – hari dan untuk melanjutkan Putra – Putrinya di Perguruan Tinggi. Belum Pernah UMN Al Washliyah Melakukan Promosi di Kelurahan Tualang ini. Belum Tersosialisasinya kemudahan-kemudahaan untuk kuliah di UMN Al-Washliyah ini di dalam menyikapi keadaan sekarang dengan berjangkitnya Virus Corona ini tanpa pengecualian di Kelurahan Tualang ini. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan ini di Kelurahan Tualang adalah Melalui Sosialisasi Edukasi Pentingnya PendidikanDi Masa Pandemi  Covid 19 ini di Kelurahan Tualang. Sosialisasi Edukasi terkait Promosi Merekrut Mahasiswa Baru Di Kelurahan Tualang Dengan meyakinan kepada Mahasiswa Terkat Pelayanan Dan Kemudahan-Kemudahan Yang Di berikan UMN Al Washliyah Terkait Masa Pandemi Covid 19, dan ditambah lagi bahwa salah satu Pegawai di Kelurahan Tualang ini merupakan Mahasiswa UMN Al Washliyah,dan ini merupakan salah satu strategi untuk mempromosikan UMN Al Washliyah ini kepada Masyarakat Kelurahan Tualang ini.
Assistência Humanizada De Enfermagem Ao Paciente E A Família Frente Ao Diagnóstico De Câncer
Authors: Silva Ariclenes dos Santos , Oliveira Thais Carneiro Ferreira Silva , Maia Ana Margarete Cordeiro da Silva
Published: July 2021

Esse estudo teve como principal finalidade compreender como é realizada a assistência humanizada de enfermagem ao paciente e a família frente ao diagnóstico de câncer. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão Bibliográfica do tipo descritiva com caráter qualitativo. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (Bireme), Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), e Bibliotecas Digitais de Universidades Brasileiras, por meio dos descritores: Humanização, Assistência de enfermagem, Paciente Oncológico. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Como resultado obteve-se as seguintes categorias: O impacto gerado pela neoplasia na vida da família; A importância do cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente com câncer; A humanização da assistência ao paciente e a família frente ao diagnóstico de câncer. Fica evidente, portanto, que o profissional de enfermagem frente ao paciente em tratamento de câncer precisa promover um cuidado humanizado considerado primordialmente ao paciente com câncer e a sua família envolvida na assistência, demonstrando sempre carinho, atenção e respeito individualizado para cada paciente em tratamento. Ademais, esses profissionais constituem-se como facilitadores desse processo, pela transmissão de confiança, cuidado e respeito ao paciente e sua família sendo o principal elo de apoio para o bem estar do paciente.
Parada cardiorespiratória e reanimação cardiopulmonar: estratégias utilizadas para educação permanente na enfermagem
Authors: Cosme André Lucas da Silva , Silva Claudia Maria Santos Leite da , Ferreira Silvana Margarida Benevides , Santana Adrianne Ferreira de
Published: July 2021

A Parada Cardiorrespiratória constitui-se como uma das principais emergências médicas no mundo, em decorrência do seu alto potencial de mortalidade. Nesse sentido faz-se necessário que sejam desenvolvidas atividades de Educação Permanente em Saúde, para manter os profissionais atualizados e consequentemente garantir a qualidade da assistência prestada ao paciente em PCR. O objetivo foi identificar as estratégias utilizadas para Educação Permanente em Saúde entre Enfermeiros frente ao Suporte Básico de Vida e Suporte Avançado de Vida em adultos. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura de abordagem qualitativa. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PUBMED, LILACS e BVS, com textos em inglês, português e espanhol. Foram identificados 12 artigos, sendo 4 duplicados e 2 não disponíveis na íntegra. A maior parte dos estudos foram realizados no Brasil, com maior prevalência nos anos de 2016 e 2019. As estratégias que mais ganharam destaque nos estudos foram: o treinamento teórico atrelado a prática de simulação clínica; e cursos online / Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem. Foi possível evidenciar uma predominância de duas estratégias para o desenvolvimento da Educação Permanente em Saúde para a Enfermagem no que diz respeito a Parada Cardiorrespiratória em adultos. São necessários novos estudos para aprimorar as estratégias existentes e possibilitar o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias.
Extractivismos y democracia. Un escenario de relaciones incestuosas
Authors: Acosta Alberto , Cajas Guijarro John
Published: July 2021

Aquellos países periférico-dependientes, especializados en exportar bienes primarios y financiar fuertemente sus economías con esas exportaciones, al parecer son condenados a la pobreza justamente porque son ‘ricos’ en recursos naturales. Esta interacción entre periferia, dependencia, y extractivismos parece atrapar a las sociedades en una lógica perversa que consolida estados y economías que viven de la renta de la Naturaleza. Estos regímenes extractivistas, de un presidencialismo exacerbado, con un enfoque clientelar de atención de demandas sociales, no abordan estructuralmente las causas de la pobreza y marginalidad. Mientras los significativos impactos ambientales y sociales, propios de estas actividades extractivistas a gran escala, aumentan la ingobernabilidad, lo que a su vez exige nuevas respuestas represivas. En ese contexto, el ejercicio de la democracia – y hasta de las libertades – se supedita a los ciclos de los precios de los commodities. El saldo resulta evidente, a más extractivismo menos democracia.
Notas desde la Dirección Editorial
Authors: Zamora Rodolfo García , García Macías Pascual Gerardo , Cueto-Calderón José Salvador , García Guerrero Montserrat
Published: July 2021

Yeiyá (“caminar” en wixárica, grupo étnico de México), revista de estudios críticos sobre ciencias sociales de los problemas y retos más importantes del mundo, y en particular de América Latina, hace su aparición a finales del 2020, año de enorme incertidumbre por la pandemia del capitalismo global que de forma inédita presenta la sincronía con una crisis civilizatoria multidimensional evidente desde los años setenta del siglo anterior, que se profundiza con la Gran Recesión económica de 2007-2010 y ahora con la doble pandemia mundial, sanitaria y económica, muestran la enorme vulnerabilidad de la humanidad y del planeta de seguir bajo los dictados del modelo de la muerte neoliberal y la financiarización de todos los aspectos de la economía, la sociedad, la naturaleza y la vida. Los impactos planetarios a nivel sanitario, económico, de desigualdad social creciente y de mayor ecocidio frente a un acentuado proceso de concentración de la riqueza de las corporaciones financieras, informáticas, de la salud y la industria militar obligan a promover un debate profundo sobre nuevas propuestas de organización social, de estrategias diferentes de desarrollo con la seguridad humana, el bienestar y la sostenibilidad ambiental como prioridades centrales. Lo que implica, entre otras tareas, definir el regreso del Estado al frente de las políticas sanitarias y económicas en todo el mundo como única estrategia para enfrentar los impactos y construir la salida de la doble pandemia, se convierte en una etapa de transición hacia la construcción de escenarios de posdesarrollo que erradiquen la explotación, la desigualdad, la depredación de la naturaleza y el aniquilamiento de las diferentes expresiones de la vida.
Modelos de evaluación de la Educación superior: los circuitos de comunicación científica en México
Authors: Fernández Galán Montemayor Carmen , García Guerrero Montserrat
Published: July 2021

Las formas de sociabilidad del conocimiento y los sistemas de evaluación de la Educación superior en México se han homogeneizado a los estándares internacionales, lo cuales están transitando a circuitos de publicación científica enlazados con métricas y proyectos editoriales que mantienen el control sobre la publicación y sobre la dictaminación de la misma y que ahora están influenciados por la tendencia de la Ciencia Abierta. A partir de un análisis de las formas de escritura científica (académica) se propone explorar la articulación de los lineamientos para la formación de investigadores en el nivel superior, con las nuevas políticas de Ciencia Abierta. Los criterios para analizar los modelos de evaluación en México son: producción científica, escritura académica, certificaciones, métricas y calidad. La finalidad es comparar el modelo internacional con las prácticas y políticas nacionales. Si bien México busca replicar el modelo internacional, es fundamental incluir otros marcos de referencia, tanto para la evaluación de la Educación superior como sobre los mecanismos de revisión de la calidad científica.
Notas desde la Dirección Editorial
Authors: García-Guerrero Montserrat , Cueto-Calderón José Salvador , García Zamora Rodolfo , García-Macías Pascual G.
Published: July 2021

La educación en la mayoría de instituciones es “simultáneamente el depósito del mito de la sociedad, la institucionalización de las contradicciones de este mito, y el lugar donde ocurre el ritual que reproduce y encubre las disparidades entre el mito y la realidad” (Illich, 1975:52). El sistema escolar y sobre todo las universidades nos brindan la oportunidad de reflexionar y emancipar el mito de la educación y sus instituciones bajo una perspectiva crítica. En este sentido, desde Yeiyá presentamos el volumen La educación en el siglo XXI: retos, cambios y oportunidades. Esto desde la óptica que consideramos imperante reflexionar el tema de la educación bajo un mundo capitalista neoliberal. En contraposición y en palabras de Paulo Freire (1978): “La educación sistemática refleja los intereses de quienes detentan el poder y no puede cambiarse radicalmente un sistema educativo si no se transforma el sistema global de la sociedad."
TEACHING ETHICS AND CRITICAL THINKING IN CONTEMPORARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Borstner Bojan , Gartner Smiljana
Published: July 2021

Basic ethical questions, dilemmas and especially decisions do not only affect the life of an individual but can also affect lives of others. In some professional ethics, where decisions about a person’s life or death are made, decisions can even be irreversible. In this contribution three ways of deciding by highlighting critical, and reflective decision-making or systematic thought process as the most effective method in ethics have been pointed out. Therefore, taking ethics as a critically reflective morality highlights the fact that we can talk about ethical exploration, so ethics is a process of thinking, not a set of established answers that need only to be passively accepted. It could be concluded that the study of, and practice in, evaluating arguments and evidence (moral decision making) via critical thinking as well as using other important skills (raising questions according to Blooms taxonomy and doing a lot of case studies) is the best way to achieve the most fundamental goal in teaching an ethical course – becoming a better person. And is therefore something that should be in every curriculum.
Key words: authority, critical thinking, ethics, decision-making, intuition, teaching ethics.
THE IMPACT OF THE ACQUISITION OF THE LETTERS IN A SYSTEMATIC LITERACY ON WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Ropič Marija
Published: July 2021

Learning letters is associated with a long-term learning. Two basic models are present in obtaining letters in a systematic literacy in Slovenia and abroad. One represents a separate acquisition of the uppercase and lowercase printed letters (sequentially) and the other deals with letters simultaneously. In practice, teachers often asked themselves, especially in times of reforms in literacy, which model of the acquisition of the letters in initial literacy is more efficient.
The research focused on the effect of the two most frequently chosen procedures for acquiring letters of structured literacy in Slovenia, namely the simultaneous treatment of the uppercase and lowercase printed letters (lowercase cursive letters and upper-case cursive letters) and consecutive treatment of letters (uppercase printed letters, lowercase printed letters, lowercase cursive letters, and at last, uppercase printed letters).
Furthermore, the focus of the research was on the impact of gender on the ability to write. The incidence of errors was observed in terms of selected procedures for acquiring the letters in groups and gender. At the same time, the effect of consolidation of writing individual letters (uppercase and lowercase printed letters in 2nd class, and lowercase and uppercase cursive letters in 3rd class), was examined.
Key words: literacy, the process of acquiring letters, 2nd class, 3rd class, prior knowledge, writing skills.
USING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SIMULATION SYSTEMS
FOR LORAWAN VULNERABILITY RECEARSH
(Part 1)
Authors: Stepanova E. A. , Ashaeva P. A.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents an overview of existing software and hardware simulation tools for the LoRaWAN network, considers their features and the possibility of using them to analyze the vulnerabilities of end devices, gateways and protocol.
Arquitectura de gran escala y sostenibilidad
Authors: García Muñoz Julián
Published: July 2021

Con frecuencia se publican iniciativas que pretenden recuperar técnicas tradicionales de bajo impacto ambiental para sustituir modernos sistemas que requieren de más energía. El argumento de fondo es que el patrimonio cultural puede convertirse en una herramienta útil para la lucha contra el cambio climático. Estas propuestas, normalmente bienintencionadas, no siempre tienen en cuenta la escala del problema actual. En lo relativo a la construcción arquitectónica, por ejemplo, se estima que en los próximo sesenta años se construirán en el mundo unos 2.000 millones de viviendas. Es un ritmo vertiginoso, equivalente a levantar cada mes una nueva gran ciudad del tamaño de Nueva York.

 

El patrimonio cultural puede ser útil para luchar contra el cambio climático, pero es necesario que las propuestas de recuperación de técnicas tradicionales asuman la escala de este problema, y que se enfoquen allí dónde pueden ser útiles de forma global. Es decir: debemos pensarlas -al contrario de como se ha hecho hasta ahora. no tanto deseando reverdecer una tradición concreta, sino adelantándose a una determinada intervención de suficiente escala, y en un lugar específico.
Peningkatan pengetahuan guru dan orang tua siswa taman kanak-kanak tentang penggunaan suplemen vitamin yang tepat
Authors: Dhiani Binar Asrining , Nurjanah Siti , Putri Narendra Istia , Umam Ihza Ihtimamul
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 global pandemic increases the usage of vitamin supplement products. However, easy access to purchase and consume the product increases the risk for its misuse. Lack of information and or misinformation available for vitamin supplement product usage leads to its abuse. Teachers' and parents' role in deciding the choice and use of vitamin supplement products for the pupil and children is crucial. Thus, a program was held to provide information about the correct usage of vitamin supplement products for teachers and parents. The program was performed for the teachers and pupil parents of TK Aisyiyah Ledug via online. The attractive audio-visual program materials were delivered via animation video, artistic leaflet, and presentation. The teachers and parents responded positively toward the program. All attendants actively participated, and 100% of attendants agreed that the program was interesting and increased their knowledge on the appropriate usage of vitamin supplement products.
Erythrocyte omega-3, omega-6 and trans fatty acids in relation to risk of preeclampsia among women delivering at harare maternity hospital, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mahomed K , Williams MA , King IB , Mudzamiri S , Woelk GB
Published: July 2021

We sought to examine the association between maternal erythrocyte omega-3, omega-6 and trans fatty acids and risk of preeclampsia. We conducted a case-control study of 170 women with proteinuric, pregnancy-induced hypertension and 185 normotensive pregnant women who delivered at Harare Maternity Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. We measured erythrocyte omega-3, omega-6 and trans fatty acid as the percentage of total fatty acids using gas chromatography. After multivariate adjustment for confounding factors, women in the highest quartile group for total omega-3 fatty acids compared with women in the lowest quartile experienced a 14% reduction in risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 1.63). For total omega-6 fatty acids the odds ratio was 0.46 (95% confidence interval 0.23 to 0.92), although there was suggestion of a slight increase in risk of preeclampsia associated with high levels of arachidonic acid. Among women in the highest quartile for arachidonic acid the odds ratio was 1.29 (95% confidence interval 0.66 to 2.54). A strong statistically significant positive association of diunsaturated fatty acids with a trans double bond with risk of preeclampsia was observed. Women in the upper quartile of 9-cis 12-trans octadecanoic acid (C(18:2n6ct)) compared with those in the lowest quartile experienced a 3-fold higher risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio = 3.02, 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 6.45). Among women in the highest quartile for 9-trans 12-cis octadecanoic acid (C(18:2n6tc)) the odds ratio was 3.32 (95% confidence interval 1.55 to 7.13). Monounsaturated trans fatty acids were also positively associated with the risk of preeclampsia, although of much reduced magnitude. We observed a strong positive association of trans fatty acids, particularly diunsaturated trans fatty acids, with the risk of preeclampsia. We found little support for the hypothesized inverse association between omega-3 fatty acids and preeclampsia risk in this population. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, were comparatively lower in Zimbabwean than among US pregnant women. Given the limited inter-person variation in omega-3 fatty acids among Zimbabwean women, our sample size may be too small to adequately assess the relation in this population.
SEA0400, a novel Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibitor, reduces calcium overload induced by ischemia and reperfusion in mouse ventricular myocytes
Authors: Wang J , Zhang Z , Hu Y , Hou X , Cui Q , Zang Y , Wang C
Published: July 2021

Given the potential clinical benefit of inhibiting Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) activity during myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R), pharmacological approaches have been pursued to both inhibit and clarify the importance of this exchanger. SEA0400 was reported to have a potent NCX selectivity. Thus, we examined the effect of SEA0400 on NCX currents and I/R induced intracellular Ca2+ overload in mouse ventricular myocytes using patch clamp techniques and fluorescence measurements. Ischemia significantly inhibited inward and outward NCX current (from -0.04+/-0.01 nA to 0 nA at -100 mV; from 0.23+/-0.08 nA to 0.11+/-0.03 nA at +50 mV, n=7), Subsequent reperfusion not only restored the current rapidly but enhanced the current amplitude obviously, especially the outward currents (from 0.23+/-0.08 nA to 0.49+/-0.12 nA at +50 mV, n=7). [Ca2+]i, expressed as the ratio of Fura-2 fluorescence intensity, increased to 138+/-7% (P<0.01) during ischemia and to 210+/-11% (P<0.01) after reperfusion. The change of NCX current and the increase of [Ca2+]i during I/R can be blocked by SEA0400 in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 value of 31 nM and 28 nM for the inward and outward NCX current, respectively. The results suggested that SEA0400 is a potent NCX inhibitor, which can protect mouse cardiac myocytes from Ca2+ overload during I/R injuries.
Effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo
Authors: Domaracký M , Rehák P , Juhás Š , Koppel J
Published: July 2021

Plant essential oils (EOs) have been reported to have health benefit properties and their preventive and therapeutic use in animals is expected to increase in the future. We evaluated the influence of five essential oils obtained from plant species which are known to have positive antimicrobial, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects--sage EO from Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), oregano EO from Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), thyme EO from Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae), clove EO from Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae) and cinnamon EO from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) on the growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo. Essential oils were added to commercial diet at concentrations of 0.25% for sage EO, thyme EO, clove EO, cinnamon EO and 0.1% for oregano EO, and fed to ICR female mice for 2 weeks ad libitum. Females were then mated with males of the same strain. Embryos obtained on Day 4 of pregnancy at the blastocyst stage were stained by morphological triple staining (Hoechst, PI, Calcein-AM) and evaluated using fluorescent microscopy. The effects of essential oils were estimated by the viability of embryos, number of nuclei and distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Cinnamon EO significantly decreased the number of nuclei and the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number was significantly altered. Sage EO negatively influenced the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Clove and oregano EOs induced a significantly increased rate of cell death. Only thyme EO had no detectable effects on embryo development. In conclusion, none of the essential oils had any positive effect on embryo development, but some of them reduced the number of cells and increased the incidence of cell death.
Motif Ekonomi Politik Sri Lanka: Kegagalan Mahinda Rajapaksa dalam Proyek Pelabuhan Hambantota
Authors: Mustikasari Sonia
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini memaparkan motif ekonomi politik dibalik proyek ambisius Pelabuhan Hambantota masa pemerintahan Mahinda Rajapaksa di Sri Lanka. Presiden Rajapaksa memiliki motif tersebut disebabkan oleh keinginannya untuk mengembangkan Hambantota sebagai wilayah tempat tinggalnya dan memanfaatkan kedekatan dengan Tiongkok untuk mendanai pemilu presiden di tahun 2015. Namun, proyek Pelabuhan Hambantota mengalami kegagalan, karena tidak didukung dengan studi kelayakan yang baik dan minim perhitungan ekonomi baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Oleh sebab itu, Sri Lanka tidak mampu lagi membayar pinjaman Tiongkok yang mengakibatkan Pelabuhan Hambantota dikuasai oleh Tiongkok melalui perjanjian sewa 99 tahun. Untuk membantu analisa dalam jurnal ini, penulis menggunakan dua kerangka teori, yaitu teori konstrukitivis dan teori utang luar negeri (loan pull theory dan loan push theory).
Surface PEGylated Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Codelivery of Curcumin and Doxorubicin for the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Yi , Zhu Yue , Xu Xiaopeng , Wang Fangjun , Shen Weidong , Leng Xia , Zhao Jiyi , Liu Bingtuan , Wang Yangyun , Liu Pengfei
Published: July 2021

Objective

The emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in esophageal carcinoma has severely affected the effect of chemotherapy and shortened the survival of patients. To this end, we intend to develop a biomimetic nano-targeting drug modified by cancer cell membrane, and investigate its therapeutic effect.

Methods

The degradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) co-loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and curcumin (Cur) were prepared by solvent evaporation method. TE10 cell membrane and Distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) were then coated on the PLGA NPs by membrane extrusion to prepare the PEG-TE10@PLGA@DOX-Cur NPs (PMPNs). Size and zeta potential of the PMPNs were analyzed by lazer particle analyzer, and the morphology of PMPNs was observed by transmission electron microscope. The TE10 cell membrane protein on PMPNs was analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The DOX-resistant esophageal cancer cell model TE10/DOX was established through high-dose induction. The In vitro homologous targeting ability of PMPNs was evaluated by cell uptake assay, and the in vitro anti-tumor effect of PMPNs was assessed through CCK-8, clone formation and flow cytometry. A Balb/c mouse model of TE10/DOX xenograft was constructed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect in vivo and the bio-safety of PMPNs.

Results

The prepared cell membrane coated PMPNs had a regular spherical structure with an average diameter of 177 nm. PMPNs could directly target TE10 and TE10/DOX cells or TE10/DOX xenografted tumor and effectively inhibit the growth of DOX-resistant esophageal carcinoma. Besides, the PMPNs was confirmed to have high biosafety.

Conclusion

In this study, a targeted biomimetic nano-drug delivery system PMPNs was successfully prepared, which overcome the MDR of esophageal carcinoma by co-delivering DOX and sensitizer curcumin.
Long Non-coding RNA MAFG-AS1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and EMT by miR-3196/STRN4 in Drug-Resistant Cells of Liver Cancer
Authors: Chen Tianming , Huang Bin , Pan Yaozhen
Published: July 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to participate in the development and progression of several different types of cancer. Past studies indicated that lncRNA MAFG-antisense 1 (AS1) promotes colorectal cancer. However, the role of MAFG-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of lncRNA MAFG-AS1 on drug resistance HCC. The results indicated that MAFG-AS1 is upregulated in drug-resistant cells. Further, MAFG-AS1 promotes growth and migration of HCC by upregulating STRN4 through absorbing miR-3196. Thus, LncRNA MAFA-AS1 may become a novel target to treat HCC patients.
Transmembrane Self-Assembled Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes Based on α‐Residues and Cyclic δ‐Amino Acids: A Computational Study
Authors: Blanco-González Alexandre , Calvelo Martín , Garrido Pablo F. , Amorín Manuel , Granja Juan R. , Piñeiro Ángel , Garcia-Fandino Rebeca
Published: July 2021

Self-assembling cyclic peptide nanotubes have been shown to function as synthetic, integral transmembrane channels. The combination of natural and nonnatural aminoacids in the sequence of cyclic peptides enables the control not only of their outer surface but also of the inner cavity behavior and properties, affecting, for instance, their permeability to different molecules including water and ions. Here, a thorough computational study on a new class of self-assembling peptide motifs, in which δ-aminocycloalkanecarboxylic acids are alternated with natural α-amino acids, is presented. The presence of synthetic δ-residues creates hydrophobic regions in these α,δ-SCPNs, which makes them especially attractive for their potential implementation in the design of new drug or diagnostic agent carrier systems. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the behavior of water molecules, different ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, and Ca2+), and their correspondent counter Cl− anions is extensively investigated in the nanoconfined environment. The structure and dynamics are mutually combined in a diving immersion inside these transmembrane channels to discover a fascinating submarine nanoworld where star-shaped water channels guide the passage of cations and anions therethrough.
Tough Materials Through Ionic Interactions
Authors: Salminen Linda , Karjalainen Erno , Aseyev Vladimir , Tenhu Heikki
Published: July 2021

This article introduces butyl acrylate-based materials that are toughened with dynamic crosslinkers. These dynamic crosslinkers are salts where both the anion and cation polymerize. The ion pairs between the polymerized anions and cations form dynamic crosslinks that break and reform under deformation. Chemical crosslinker was used to bring shape stability. The extent of dynamic and chemical crosslinking was related to the mechanical and thermal properties of the materials. Furthermore, the dependence of the material properties on different dynamic crosslinkers—tributyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium sulfopropyl acrylate (C4ASA) and trihexyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium sulfopropyl acrylate (C6ASA)—was studied. The materials’ mechanical and thermal properties were characterized by means of tensile tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The dynamic crosslinks strengthened the materials considerably. Chemical crosslinks decreased the elasticity of the materials but did not significantly affect their strength. Comparison of the two ionic crosslinkers revealed that changing the crosslinker from C4ASA to C6ASA results in more elastic, but slightly weaker materials. In conclusion, dynamic crosslinks provide substantial enhancement of mechanical properties of the materials. This is a unique approach that is utilizable for a wide variety of polymer materials.
The Non-linear Relationship Between Normal Range Systolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular or All-Cause Mortality Among Elderly Population
Authors: Sun Shuo , Liu Xiao-cong , He Guo-dong , Lo Kenneth , Feng Ying-qing , Huang Yu-qing
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The aim was to explore the association of normal range SBP with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older adults without hypertension.

Methods: Participants aged ≥ 65 years without hypertension and those had an SBP level between 90 and 129 mmHg were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2014). SBP was categorized into: 90–99, 100–109, 110–119, and 120–129 mmHg. Multivariate Cox regression was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results: Of the 1,074 participants, 584 were men (54.38%). Compared with participants with SBP level ranged 110 to 119 mmHg, the HRs for all-cause mortality risk was 1.83 (95% CI: 1.04, 3.23) for SBP level ranged 90 to 99 mm Hg, 0.87 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.41) for SBP level ranged 100 to 109 mmHg, and 1.30 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.75) for SBP level ranged 120 to 129 mmHg (P for trend = 0.448), and the HR for cardiovascular mortality risk was 3.30 (95% CI: 0.87, 12.54) for SBP level ranged 90 to 99 mmHg, 0.35(95% CI: 0.08, 1.56) for SBP level ranged 100 to 109 mmHg, and 1.75 (95% CI: 0.78, 3.94) for SBP level ranged 120 to 129 mm Hg (P for trend = 0.349) after confounders were adjusted.

Conclusion: These were a nonlinear association of normal range SBP level with all-cause and cardiovascular death in older adults.
Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide on Mineralization in Dental Pulp Cells: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reis-Prado Alexandre Henrique dos , Grossi Isadora Rodrigues , Chaves Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos , André Carolina Bosso , Morgan Luís Fernando dos Santos Alves , Briso André Luiz Fraga , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo , Benetti Francine
Published: July 2021

Background: Dental bleaching agents show the ability to permeate through dental hard tissues, which may lead to pulp tissue changes. This systematic review (PROSPERO register: CRD42020213767) is aimed at understanding the effects of bleaching agents on the process of mineralization of the pulp tissue.

Methods: Only in vitro studies evaluating the influence of hydrogen peroxide (HP) on mineralization in dental pulp cells were included. Studies without a non-bleached control group or cells after co-treatment with a bleaching agent other than HP and/or carbamide peroxide were excluded. The primary outcomes evaluated were alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodule deposition. The mineralization markers analysis in dental pulp cells and the cell viability were considered secondary outcomes. Two independent authors conducted a systematic search (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey until January 2021) with no language restrictions and performed data extraction. The quality assessment was appraised according to a modified Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist.

Results: The search resulted in 473 studies, and 11 were considered eligible. Overall, a reduction in the process of mineralization was observed among pulp cells after bleaching. A reduction in the ALP activity was reported in the mostly bleached groups using different protocols and analysis periods of nine studies. Regarding mineralized nodule deposition, 6 studies reported a significant reduction from 7 to 21 days among bleached groups. Of those three studies that investigated other mineralization markers, two found a reduction in the expression of dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP)-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) among some bleaching gel concentrations. In contrast, one study showed a greater expression of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) in 100 μmol/L HP after 5 or 10 min of exposure, and another study showed significant induction of DSPP in concentrations of up to 0.5 mmol/L HP.

Conclusion: Especially, high concentrations of bleaching gel reduce the potential of mineralization in pulp cells in in vitro studies; however, different HP concentrations, bleaching protocols, and analysis periods can influence this outcome.
Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Syndrome: Understanding Mechanisms and Management
Authors: Hyder Tara , Marino Christopher C. , Ahmad Sasha , Nasrazadani Azadeh , Brufsky Adam M.
Published: July 2021

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a key component in the chemoprevention and treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. While the addition of AI therapy has improved cancer-related outcomes in the management of HR+ breast cancer, AIs are associated with musculoskeletal adverse effects known as the aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal syndrome (AIMSS) that limit its tolerability and use. AIMSS is mainly comprised of AI-associated bone loss and arthralgias that affect up to half of women on AI therapy and detrimentally impact patient quality of life and treatment adherence. The pathophysiology of AIMSS is not fully understood though has been proposed to be related to estrogen deprivation within the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. This review aims to characterize the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features of AIMSS, and explore the syndrome’s underlying mechanisms and management strategies.
A Flexible Ensemble Algorithm for Big Data Cleaning of PMUs
Authors: Shen Long , He Xin , Liu Mingqun , Qin Risheng , Guo Cheng , Meng Xian , Duan Ruimin
Published: July 2021

With an increasing application of Phase Measurement Units in the smart grid, it is becoming inevitable for PMUs to operate in severe conditions, which results in outliers and missing data. However, conventional techniques take excessive time to clean outliers and fill missing data due to lacking support from a big data platform. In this paper, a flexible ensemble algorithm is proposed to implement a precise and scalable data clean by the existing big data platform “Apache Spark.” In the proposed scheme, an ensemble model based on a soft voting approach utilizes principal component analysis in conjunction with the K-means, Gaussian mixture model, and isolation forest technique to detect outliers. The proposed scheme uses a gradient boosting decision tree for each extracted feature of PMUs for the data filling process after detecting outliers. The test results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves high accuracy and recall by comparing simulated and real-world Phase measurement unit data using the local outlier factor algorithm and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise (DBSCAN). The mean absolute error, root mean square error and R2-score criteria are used to validate the proposed method’s data filling results against contemporary techniques such as decision tree and linear regression algorithms.
Passive Sliding Mode Controlled UPFC and its Treatment Strategy of Unbalanced Grid Conditions
Authors: Chen Yang , Wang Han , Zhu Miao , Liu Ming , Ma Jianjun , Cai Xu
Published: July 2021

Modular multilevel converter based unified power flow controller (MMC-UPFC) can provide flexible power regulation and plays an important role in the smart grid and future distribution networks. PI controller is widely adopted in the Unified power flow controller (UPFC) control. However, it is often difficult to figure out a pair of stable control parameters with good dynamic performance. A passive sliding mode control strategy of MMC-UPFC is proposed in this paper to achieve the advantages of both the passive controller and sliding mode controller. The proposed passive sliding mode control strategy has a fast response speed and is not sensitive to system parameter variation. Since unbalance grid voltage conditions are common in the modern distribution networks, an unbalanced grid treatment strategy is also presented with the series side of MMC-UPFC. Negative sequence components of the grid voltages are detected by the cross-decoupling method with second order generalized integrator and then compensated by the series side of MMC-UPFC. The series side converter controls the power flow and treats unbalanced grid conditions simultaneously. The efficiency of the general device is increased thus. A 27-level MMC-UPFC simulation system is built based on the Shanghai UPFC Project and validate the proposed approach.