bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of morbidity of open cholecystectomy vs laparoscopic cholecystectomy in complicated gall stone disease.
Authors: Usama Shabbir  , Jamal Anwar  , Shahbaz Hussain  , Mubashar Abrar  , Ayesha Akram  , Muhammad Ahsan  , Ameer Afzal
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the resist of minimally invasive surgery i.e. laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus open cholecystectomy in cases with complex gallstone diseases. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: North Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore. Period: 11th July 2020 till 10th January 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 372 patient’s fulfilling the criterion was included for study in group-A Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done. In group B open cholecystectomy was done which includes 86 patients. The entire patient received injection Ketorolac 30 mg i.e. 8 hourly and postoperative injection NeIbufin 6 mg i.v.12hourIy as standard in all patients and Post-operative pain was assessed Visual analogy scale after 24 hours. Results: The mean age of patients in open group was 41.28 ± 13.75 years and in Laparoscopic group was 43.46 ± 13.90 years. In Open group there were 80(43%) male and 106(57%) female cases while in Laparoscopic group there were 65(34.9%) male and 121(65.1%) female cases. The mean hospital stay was statistically shorter in Laparoscopic group (3.80 ± 1.37 days) as compared to Open group (5.12 ± 1.58 days), p-value <0.001. In open group 77(41.4%) cases had post-operative pain and in Laparoscopic group 27(14.5%) cases had post-operative pain. The post-operative pain was statistically higher in open groups, p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: Laparoscopic is an ideal treatment option in terms of less pain and shorter duration of hospital stay as compared to open cholecystectomy for patients with complicated gallstone disease.
Mapping the Psychosocial: Introducing a Standardised System to Improve Psychosocial Understanding within Mental Health
Authors: Matthew Bretton Oakes
Published: February 2024

Objective: Psychosocial approaches are increasingly being advocated as an efficacious means of addressing mental health problems. However, with a multitude of complex and varying interpretations present with the use of the term ‘psychosocial’ / ‘psycho-social’ in contemporary discussions of mental health, its application can be vague and even contradictory. This presents problems for research to inform practice and practice to inform research, ultimately inhibiting the help given to those suffering. Method: Literary review, reflecting an extended period of 10 years, explores and analyses the use of the terms ‘psychosocial’ and ‘psycho-social’ within a mental health context. Results: This article identifies that applications and use of the term psychosocial vary significantly, with two models being primarily evident in mental health applications: a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary model. Conclusion: A standardised system is established for mental health theorists and practitioners to identify and categorise these different applications. This outcome is intended to lead to a better understanding of different psychosocial applications, provide better communication between existing psychosocial applications, and improve clarity for future instruction.
Interval-Classes and Psychological Space
Authors: Samplaski Art
Published: February 2024

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis was applied to data on interval similarity (confusability) obtained in a study to help improve

aural

skills pedagogy. A three-dimensional geometric configuration was derived, indicating an interaction of interval size, interval-type, and class of

acoustical dissonance (perfect vs. imperfect

consonances vs. dissonances). The “classical” ordering

of interval-classes from pitch-class set theory can be derived from a particular rotation/projection of the derived

configuration onto the plane. This offers support for

the idea that interval-class has validity as a

psychological construct, but the strong grouping of interval-classes by dissonance-class in the complete configuration suggests that interval-classes cannot be treated as independent of each other.
An Algorithm for the Direct Generation of Set Class Representatives in Any Pitch Class Space
Authors: Collins Nick
Published: February 2024

When spaces with greater than 20 pitch classes are considered, the problem of
generating equivalence classes (set classes) with respect to operations like transposition and
inversion becomes increasingly difficult. The brute force approach of enumerating all possible
pitch class sets and ignoring those that fall into already selected set classes becomes computationally
intractable. Some improvements can be made using Read’s Orderly Algorithm, and the essential
features are seen to be the binary coding of pitch class sets and an augmentation operation. A
further refined algorithm is described that makes use of a stack technique to directly generate,
straight to a text file, all equivalence class representatives of given cardinality within any pitch
class universe. This supports the mathematical and compositional exploration of much larger
pitch class spaces than hitherto.
Metaphor and Music Theory
Authors: Zbikowski Lawrence
Published: February 2024

A recent discussion on the smt-list focused on Nicholas

Cook’s claim in Music, Imagination, and Culture that musical

analysis is essentially metaphorical. This essay investigates

this claim through a review of recent work on metaphor by

cognitive scientists. This work both supports and modifies

Cook’s original claim. The latter portion of the essay presents

examples of two applications of research on metaphor to music

theory.
Algorithms for Mapping Diatonic Keyboard Tunings and Temperaments
Authors: Scholtz Kenneth P.
Published: February 2024

Diatonic keyboard tunings in equal temperament, just
intonation, meantone and well tempered scales are derived from
Pythagorean tuning using algorithms whose operations involve
combinations of pure fifths and syntonic commas. Graphic
diagrams of the line of fifths are used to show the harmonic and
mathematical relationships between common tunings and
temperaments. Four modes of just intonation are derived from
Pythagorean tuning by an algorithm that narrows each major third
by one syntonic comma. Equal temperament is approximated with
imperceptible error by algorithms that narrow Pythagorean and
justly tuned enharmonic intervals by one or more syntonic commas.
Review of William E. Caplin, Classical Form: A Theory of Formal Functions for the Instrumental Music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven (Oxford University Press, 1998)
Authors: Grave Floyd
Published: February 2024

Reviving the Formenlehre tradition as taught by Arnold

Schoenberg and Erwin Ratz, Caplin attempts to accommodate the method

to a specific but stylistically complex repertory: instrumental works

of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven within the approximate time-span

1780–1810. He strives not only to retain the unambiguous formal

distinctions that constitute both the strength and limitation of

Schoenberg’s Formenlehre, but also to fasten them securely to the

music of his protagonists: a challenging project that Caplin handles

with disquieting aplomb. His demonstration of terminological reform

and analytical precision constitutes a noble effort, and despite the

Procrustean edge to some of the analyses, there is much in this book

that merits notice by scholars concerned with style and compositional

technique of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Pulse Streams and Problems of Grouping and Metrical Dissonance in Bartök’s “With Drums and Pipes”
Authors: Roeder John
Published: February 2024

Polyphony has many interesting rhythmic properties that do not
obtain in textures that are modeled by most rhythmic theories. This paper
invokes the concept of pulse streams to demonstrate how phenomenal accent and
grouping are organized in a extended two-voice polyphony by Bartók to create
convincing form and process. The pulse-stream analysis is manifested audibly by
Quicktime examples that combine audio playback, a scrolling annotated score, and
the pulses played by percussion instruments.
Review of the 2003 American Mathematical Society Spring Southeastern Section Conference, Special Session on Mathematical Techniques in Musical Analysis
Authors: Peck Robert W.
Published: February 2024

This article consists of a review of the nineteen presentations in the 2003 American Mathematical Society Spring Southeastern Section Conference, Special Session on Mathematical Techniques in Musical Analysis.
A Small Club: Distribution, Power and Networks in Financial Markets of Pakistan
Authors: Ul Haque Nadeem , Husain Amin
Published: February 2024

1. THE STOCK MARKET THAT DOES NOT GROW!

Pakistan’s stock market tends to make headlines, sometimes because of record highs * that make it the ‘best performing market of the region’, and sometimes because of the crashes. However, the degree to which it contributes to capital formation in the country is not a topic of study, while the ensuing ownership and governance structure is hardly ever made a part of public discourse.

One such study concluded that “around 64 percent of the 44 selected sample companies are controlled by prominent business groups and families of Pakistan”. This paper extends the aforementioned research to cover the top 100 companies that constitute the benchmark KSE-100 index at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). It also analyses the structure of ownership and sponsor control of companies constituting the KSE-100, and their impact on the functioning and transparency of the stock market.

Pakistan’s corporate governance and human resource management practices are frequently questioned in the media and academic circles. A common phenomenon is companies managed as family enterprises despite being listed on the stock exchange. The offspring of the owners tend to be absorbed into the management of these companies, which are referred to as ‘seth companies’, seth being the founder/owner of the company.

The objective of this paper is twofold. The first is to shed light on corporate groups and their ownerships in the stock market. We review the ownership structures of the large conglomerates to examine the extent of diversification in the stock market. This also gives us an idea of the kind of power that large houses wield in the market, and the choices available to the small shareholder. Secondly, we look at corporate governance by looking at how company boards are structured and examine the influence of the owner and his family on the structure and professional management of the company.
Factors Affecting Food Prices in Pakistan
Authors: Nigar Zehra  , Fauzia Sohail
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the factors affecting food prices in Pakistan. The findings reveal that there is a negative and significant impact of the real effective exchange rate on wheat prices in the long run. Similarly, the real interest rate affects wheat and rice prices indirectly, while it has a direct impact on tea prices. There is a positive and significant impact of international crude oil prices and international food prices on most food commodities. Moreover, the study explains that in the long run, the increase in local production significantly reduces the prices of food commodities. It is also found that the government policy of adjusting (increasing) wheat support prices also has a positive and significant impact on wheat prices.
The Role of Payakumbuh 4 Vocational School Teachers in Managing School Information Media Through Citizen Journalism
Authors: Oktri Permata Lani  , Refika Mastanora  , Zafirah Quroatun 'Uyun  , Benni Handayani
Published: February 2024

The use of technology and the internet has also had a big impact on the field of education, especially in the daily learning process. The increasingly sophisticated development of technology today means that teachers and students can search for materials and teaching materials from anywhere, at any time, and from anyone. Education today tends to be flexible, more open, and easily accessible to anyone who needs it regardless of status, position or profession, a person's gender status, be it male or female, a person's age, whether a child, old person, teenager, or person. Adults, or educational experiences, and will continue to grow in the form of online learning systems. One of them is that school information media is used as a learning medium to hone teachers' skills, especially in writing. Teachers can apply citizen journalism. In this research, the researcher focused on two objectives, namely, The Role of Teacher Writing in the Citizen Journalism Process for managing school information media and The Role of Teacher Writing in the Citizen Journalism Process for managing school information media. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this research illustrate the role of SMKN 4 Payakumbuh teachers in managing school information media through citizen journalism, which is not just information but also a medium for learning and honing skills for teachers.
Ritual Communication Mungka Traditions In Tepal Village Sumbawa Regency
Authors: Aswar Tahir  , Aka Kurnia SF  , Vivin Nila Rakhmatullah  , Nadira Jaya Setiawan  , Siska Mandalia
Published: February 2024

Culture is one of Indonesia's wealth. The role of the community, especially indigenous peoples in Indonesia, is to preserve the culture inherited from ancestors so that it is not lost in the modernization era. In this case, the importance of younger generation, as the successor of the nation, knows the meaning of a tradition so that it becomes part of the preservation of culture itself. The purpose of this study was to find out the message contained in the communication of Mungka trade rituals in Tepal Village, Sumbawa Regency. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The data collection technique used is with primary and secondary data. In determining informants in this study, researchers used purposive sampling techniques. The results of this study show that the message in the Mungka traditional tradition is not just a symbol of the maturation process. But it holds a deep meaning apart from the symbol of maturity. The traditional procession is expected to be a procession that makes the people of Tepal Village become responsible humans and respect the cultural values taught by the ancestors, with the increased responsibility expected by every community.
Green Supply Chain Management Performance Measurement Using the Balanced Scorecard - Analytic Network Process in the Fresh Dairy Industry
Authors: Furqon Chairul , Sultan Mokh Adib , Yuin Hwang Wu , Hendrayati Heny , A Ahmad Paris
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to obtain an overview of the process and measure the performance of Green Supply Chain Management in the dairy industry in Bandung area, West Java, Indonesia. The method used in this research is the Balanced Scorecard - Analytic Network Process to measure the performance of Green Supply Chain Management.  Data was collected through the observation, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies.  The research findings show that some Key Performance Indicators has not been achieved the target, and must be improved to optimize the overall Green Supply Chain Management.  The novelty of this research concerning to the importance of business organizations paying attention on Green Supply Chain Management for the long term.  The open market for the domestic fresh milk industry is very vulnerable to threats due to environmental issues.  Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be a reference for other business organizations.
Improvement of the design of Russian artillery ammunition in the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Benda Vladimir , Kozlov Nikolay , Pokhilyuk Anatoly , Travkin Sergey
Published: February 2024

Development of the material part of the Russian artillery in the first half of the 19th century. It followed the path of improving the designs of smoothbore guns and ammunition for them. The article is devoted to the attempts of Russian scientists and inventors to improve the combat qualities of explosive artillery shells, in particular, to increase the accuracy of firing smoothbore artillery guns. The research is based on unpublished archival documents.
Improving the organization of prosecutorial supervision over the execution of laws by the bodies carrying out the operational investigative activities: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ivanov Petr
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the peculiarities of the organization of prosecutorial supervision over the execution of laws by bodies engaged in operational investigative activities at various stages of the formation and development of this type of activity through the prism of legislative and other regulatory legal regulation. With the use of historical documents, its characteristic features are revealed.
The historical evolution of the concept of civil society and the map description of the research on this problem in China
Authors: Mei Yanling , Li Pengcheng
Published: February 2024

In this article, from the perspective and by mean of Marxist historical materialism, analysis of the different concepts of “civil society” at different times and their evolution was made in sequence as follows, Aristotle's concept of “city-state” in Ancient Greek period, Cicero’s concept of “state”, divine theory of state and society in Middle Ages, Ferguson's concept of “civilized society” and Hegel's concept of “civil society” in capitalist period and Marx's concept of civil society.
Russian statehood in the pre-Romanov period: some features of formation and development
Authors: Grishin Oleg , Nesterchuk Olga , Glebov Viktor , Popov Sergey
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes some of the pivotal factors in the formation and development of Russian statehood in the pre-Romanov period. The urgency of the study of this problem at the present time is substantiated. The breadth of approaches to understanding the phenomena of “state” and “statehood” is demonstrated. Using specific historical examples, the authors substantiate the fact that despite several negative historical and political circumstances, Russian statehood has been strengthened and stabilized.
“Three expectations”: a psychosocial analysis of the creation and reception of Franz Haydn’s oratorio “Genesis”
Authors: Zhang Liangbao
Published: February 2024

The article examines the phenomenon of expectation in musical creativity from the point of view of social psychology on the example of the oratorio “Genesis” of the Austrian composer Franz Joseph Haydn.
Music as a reflection of multinationality: ethnic traditions of Russian music
Authors: Jun Ma
Published: February 2024

The article provides a theoretical retrospective analysis of Russian folk music in the context of ethnic musical traditions on the example of four nationalities: Turkish, Avar, Chechen and Finno-Ugric. Historical information about the features of the formation of Russian folk music is given, its key national features are presented. More detailed information is given about the ethnic musical traditions of the Turkish, Avar, Chechen and Finno-Ugric peoples.
Mapping a Pluralistic Continuum of Approaches to Digital Disconnection
Authors: Ross Morgan Quinn , Gilbert Alicia , Klingelhoefer Julius , Matassi Mora , Nassen Lise-Marie , Van Bruyssel Sara , Verlinden Alice , Parry Douglas A.
Published: February 2024

The study of digital disconnection – the voluntary non-use of digital media – is a growing research domain characterized by increasingly pluralistic approaches. To map this diverse terrain, we offer an analytical heuristic—a continuum of approaches to digital disconnection. This tool proposes one primary dimension – viewing digital disconnection as individually functional to socially meaningful (ontology) – and two secondary, concomitant dimensions – holding post-positive to interpretivist perspectives on knowledge generation (epistemology) as well as applying quantitative to qualitative methods (methodology). We offer examples of scholarship along the continuum and advocate for the complementarity of different approaches. Although the continuum is not a universal framework, it provides a tool for scholars to review the domain and for digital disconnection researchers specifically to locate themselves on and build bridges across the continuum. We hope that this continuum supports and expands the pluralistic nature of digital disconnection scholarship into the future.
Working memory load impairs tacit coordination but not inter-brain EEG synchronization
Authors: Newman Lionel Alfred , Cao Ming , Täuber Susanne , van Vugt Marieke K.
Published: February 2024

Coordinating actions with others is thought to require Theory of Mind (ToM): the ability to take perspective by attributing underlying intentions and beliefs to observed behavior. However, researchers have yet to establish a causal role for specific cognitive processes in coordinated action. Since working memory load impairs ToM in single-participant paradigms, we tested whether load manipulation affects two-person coordination. We used EEG to measure P3, an assessment of working memory encoding, as well as inter-brain synchronization (IBS), which is thought to capture mutual adjustment of behavior and mental states during coordinated action. In a computerized coordination task, dyads were presented with novel abstract images and tried selecting the same image, with selections shown at the end of each trial. High working memory load was implemented by a concurrent n-back task. Compared with a low-load control condition, high load significantly diminished coordination performance and P3 amplitude. A significant relationship between P3 and performance was found. Load did not affect IBS, nor did IBS affect performance. These findings suggest a causal role for working memory in two-person coordination, adding to a growing body of evidence challenging earlier claims that social alignment is domain-specific and does not require executive control in adults.
Asymmetric sampling of personality (ASP): A novel approach to understanding validity limits in personality assessment and possible remedies
Authors: Grüning David Joachim , Lechner Clemens M. , Le Mens Gael , Bluemke Matthias , Fiedler Klaus
Published: February 2024

Assessing people's personalities using self-reports is complicated by three central problems: low predictability of behavior, discrepancies between self- and observer reports, and divergent target reports across observers. Going beyond existing research on common survey biases, we introduce an information sampling bias that can explain all three problems. In judgment and decision research, asymmetric sampling occurs when an individual can only gather a sample of information about a target object (e.g., environment, person) from his or her own experience. It follows that any personal sample is limited by the environment and, given behavioral baselines, is selective for certain experiences (e.g., based on positive affect or habits). We apply the sampling framework to personality assessment and show that, independent of motivational constraints, selective sampling alone invokes an asymmetric mental model of one's own (but also others') personality (e.g., extraversion) in which certain situations are over- or under-represented. We call this asymmetric sampling of personality (ASP). Asymmetric samples of experienced situations lack the generalizability to reliably predict behavior (as a tendency to behave consistently across situations). Moreover, differently biased situation samples can explain self-observer discrepancies in personality ratings as well as multiple observer divergences, calling for a revision of quality standards for inter-rater reliability. Understanding ASP provides a methodological solution to these three problems: it assists all respondents (i.e., self- and peer-observers) in symmetrically sampling situations that generally make it easy or difficult to express a particular personality trait. We discuss ASP in assessment contexts, as well as procedural extensions of the sampling framework, and suggest specific study paradigms for quantifying individual bias due to ASP.
Everything but Programming; Investigating Academics’ Perceptions of Embedded Soft Skills in Computer Science Undergraduate Education
Authors: Ivory Matthew Richard , Towse John Nicholas , Sturdee Miriam , Levine Mark , Nuseibeh Bashar
Published: February 2024

Student employability is a key goal of a computer science undergraduate education. A soft skills gap has previously been reported between employer requirements and the skills graduates offer, suggesting that educators are inadequately preparing students for their future careers. It is important to identify the links between educators and the materials they claim to teach as it offers insight into how non-technical aspects of software engineering are promoted. We report on two studies where we first explore the staff perceptions of embedded soft skills in five computer science undergraduate courses, before identifying soft skill presence in curricula across eight UK universities. A multi-site interview with educators identified core skills of critical thinking, communication, and teamwork being included in curricula for student employability. Staff believe students experience a temporal delay between being introduced to skills and actually valuing them. In the second study, we mined publicly-available course and module information, and then analysed non-technical skill references. Soft skills are commonly found in proximity to other soft skills, suggesting they are taught or assessed together. Software engineering was seen to be closely linked to teamwork and communication, emphasising it is taught as a social enterprise. Taking these two studies together, educators show a close alignment to curricula, and the skills valued by higher education institutions reflect the skills valued in software engineering industries, suggesting the skill gap is the result of student misconceptions.
Introducing DigiCAT: A digital tool to promote the principled use of counterfactual analysis for identifying potential active ingredients in mental health
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Wright Helen , Casey Hannah , Yang Yi , Zhu Xinxin , Obsuth Ingrid , Allitt Marie , Mirman Daniel , Errington Patrick , King Josiah
Published: February 2024

Background: Given the challenges and resources involved in mental health intervention development and evaluation, it is valuable to obtain early evidence on which intervention targets represent the most promising investments. Observational datasets provide a rich resource for exploring these types of questions; however, the lack of randomisation to treatments in these data means they are vulnerable to confounding issues. Counterfactual analysis refers to a family of techniques within the potential outcomes framework that can help address confounding. In doing so, they can help differentiate potential intervention targets that may reflect genuine active ingredients in mental health from those that are only associated with mental health outcomes due to their common dependence on ‘third variables’. However, counterfactual analysis is rarely used for this purpose and where it is used in health research it is often implemented in a suboptimal fashion. One key reason may be a lack of accessible tutorials and software that embeds best practices. Method: To help promote the principled use of counterfactual analysis we developed DigiCAT. DigiCAT is an open digital tool built in R and Shiny that implements a range of counterfactual analysis methods. It is accompanied by accessible tutorials. The tool has been designed to handle real data, with capabilities for missing data, non-binary treatment effects, and complex survey designs. Results: The current article describes the development of DigiCAT, drawing on user and lived experience expert input and provides an overview of its features and examples of its uses. Conclusions: Counterfactual analysis could help prioritise intervention targets by establishing which ones remain associated with mental health outcomes after accounting for potential confounding. Accessible digital tools supported by clear guidance may help promote the uptake and principled use of these techniques.
Developing understanding of biotic turnover
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Titlyanova A.A.
Published: February 2024

Over the last 50 years A.A. Titlyanova with her colleagues from the Laboratory of Biogeocenology in the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been actively studying biotic turnover components and processes: the flow of carbon and its stocks in various ecosystem blocks were estimated, and turnover regimes revealed. The performed field experiments showed that the nearer an ecosystem is to the stationary state, the more closed its biotic turnover becomes, and the lesser role is played by abiotic processes. The studies in diverse ecosystems confirmed that climatic and weather conditions, soil properties as well as ecosystem’s relief position and exposition are the main factors driving the net primary production of grassland ecosystems. The article presents and discuss earlier results about phytomass dynamics and provides estimates of the net primary production, both above- and belowground. The belowground plant organs, i.e. roots and rhizomes, preserve life of a grassland ecosystem under any climatic conditions. Sustainability of grasslands in time depends on the changes in plant species composition, diverse survival strategies, high productivity of the dominant plant species, soil seed bank and their aeolian and water transportation from other ecosystems, rapid release of nutrients from residues by mineralization. Analysis of different successions in ecosystems allowed concluding that the number of succession types is higher than only two main types of primary and secondary succession. The primary succession refers only to those successions that occur by spontaneous revegetation at sites without any history of previous vegetation, whereas the secondary successions are more diverse and include pyrogenic (renovating succession), pasture (continuous and reversible), abandoned field successions and others. Not only the biotic turnover, but strong in- and outcoming flows of matter and energy operate in each and every ecosystem. Presently turnover can be better described as a network of diversified processes, rather than a circle per se.
The discursive construction of self-diagnosed “pornography addiction”
Authors: Shevlin Alicia , Ivey Gavin
Published: February 2024

Addiction is a term recently extended to problem sexual behaviours. Proponents of pornography addiction (PA) argue that pornography is comparable to drugs in its impact on brain processes and behaviour, producing effects similar to substance abuse disorders. Critics, however, assert that PA lacks diagnostic validity, that supporting research is methodologically unsound, and that diagnosis obscures the social contexts and discursive practices in which sexual behaviours are embedded. This study investigates how self-identified pornography addicts describe their experiences and explores the implicit motives and meanings at play in this identity construction. Using a psychoanalytically informed discursive methodology, the authors analyzed interviews with 10 self-identified pornography addicts, focusing on the meaning of self-diagnosis, the process of self-labelling, and participants’ psychological investment in diagnosis. Participants perceived an enslavement to desire as central to their addiction identities. Underlying this identity work were defences and conflicts about power, gender, sexuality, and perversion, as well as histories of disturbed attachment and deprivation by parental figures. The PA diagnosis counteracted feelings of shame and allowed participants to speak more freely about their difficulties. However, it also precluded more nuanced self-understandings and identity possibilities. The article concludes with a discussion of the mental health and psychotherapeutic implications of those presenting with self-diagnosed PA.
La Place du Surtitrage Comme Mode de Traduction et Vecteur D'échange Culturel pour les Arts de la Scéne
Authors: Dewolf Linda
Published: February 2024

Despite the fact that surtitling is a rapidly expanding field which enables plays and operas to be understood by audiences in different countries unfamiliar with the original language, this research area is quite new and relatively unexplored. The question of how the actual verbal and non-verbal material is structured in surtitling has received only minimal analysis in scholarly terms so far. Very little has been written on the reasons for reduction methods. Up to now scholars seem not to have considered the new context which surtitling offers for an intertextual approach to translations. This study starts from the idea that surtitling is a translation constrained by its context, by time and space as much as by culture and the multi-semiotic levels of the performance. Opera, puppet theatre and drama are not only made of text; they involve visual and musical signs which may be looked at in a new light, from an inter-artistic semiotic perspective. Surtitling enables cultural exchanges; further investigation of its role as such is not only needed, but makes it one of several interesting new fields of research in translation and intercultural studies.
TheatrePEI: The Emergence and Development of a Local Theatre
Authors: Belliveau George
Published: February 2024

Dans le premier volet de cet article, Belliveau etWeale expliquent les circonstances qui ont mené à la formation du premier organisme de théâtre officiellement consacré à la création d’une dramaturgie propre à l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard. Formé en 1981, TheatrePEI doit son existence à une jonction propice de l’histoire du théâtre canadien et des activités politiques de l’IPE.Dans le deuxième volet de l’article, les auteurs présentent quelques-unes des productions de TheatrePEI et examinent le contexte dans lequel ces oeuvres sont nées, pour ensuite se pencher sur la réception de quelques-unes d’entre elles. Leur objectif est d’examiner l’influence de TheatrePEI à l’échelle de la province.
Agrophysical properties and productivity of grain sorghum under different tillage methods and doses of nitrogen fertilizers
Authors:   South-Ukrainian branch of L. Pogorilyi UkrNDIPVT, Maliarchuk V.
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of experimental research on the influence of different methods and depth of main tillage and doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the agrophysical properties of the soil and the productivity of grain sorghum. The purpose of the research is to investigate the peculiarities of the formation of the productivity of grain sorghum under different methods of main processing and doses of nitrogen fertilizers during cultivation. Research methods: field quantitative-weight, visual, and laboratory methods. Mathematical and statistical methods are used to systematize and generalize the obtained results. To determine the effectiveness of the application of the main tillage and doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity of grain sorghum, three variants of the methods and depth of the main tillage and three variants of the doses of nitrogen fertilizers were laid. The results. The best agrophysical properties of the dark-chestnut soil under grain sorghum crops both at the beginning of the growing season and at harvest were observed under shelf tillage. Under the influence of the methods, depth, and systems of the main cultivation and fertilization in the crop rotation, changes in agrophysical properties occurred, which led to the creation of various conditions for the growth and development of the culture and the formation of the crop. The yield of grain sorghum for plowing to a depth of 28-30 cm with the application of nitrogen fertilizers with a dose of N60 amounted to 5.44 t/ha on average over the years of research. 3.89 and 2.54 t/ha of harvest were obtained for chisel tillage at the same depth, and for disc tillage – 2.54 t/ha. Conclusion. In the conditions of the southern Steppe of Ukraine, in order to fully realize the adaptive and genetically determined productivity potential of grain sorghum, the most favorable conditions for the growth, development, and formation of the crop are created with the main shelf cultivation of the soil to a depth of 28-30 cm and the application of nitrogen fertilizers with a dose of N60. Keywords: grain sorghum, method and depth of tillage, nitrogen fertilizers, agrophysical properties, productivity.
Influence of the geometric parameters of the vehicle on its aerodynamic characteristics
Authors: Begerskyi Dmytro B. , Vityk Ivan V. , Koval Andriy O. , Tsymbal Serhii V.
Published: February 2024

In the article, the authors analyzed the relevance of the research topic, defined the goal, task, subject and object of the research. They also provided an analysis of well-known studies related to the study of the peculiarities of the formation of air resistance during the movement of motor vehicles. On the basis of the analysis of known studies on the factors affecting the geometric parameters of road trains on aerodynamic resistance, the relevance of the studies is substantiated, and their purpose and tasks are formulated.The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of geometric parameters of road trains on their aerodynamic characteristics and, as a result, on fuel consumption, and therefore on the cost of transport work. The tool for researching this issue is software, which will be used to conduct a number of experiments. Every year, road trains move millions of kilometers of various goods, and on such a scale, the price of each individual kilometer plays a very important role. Based on the analysis of the power balance equation, it can be concluded that a significant part of the engine power is spent on overcoming air resistance, and the higher the speed of the road train, the greater this resistance.The relevance of research lies in the possibility of reducing costs through the adoption of a number of decisions to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of road trains.The mechanism of air resistance is considered. It has been found that reducing aerodynamic drag is a very important task, as every 2% reduction in vehicle drag results in a 1% improvement in fuel economy. Compared to passenger cars, trucks have a much larger cross-section and more clumsy outlines. This is caused by the specifics of their purpose and use. When creating a universal truck, they try to get as much volume as possible to accommodate cargo with the minimum area occupied by the car on the road, and since part of this area is the engine and cabin, it is natural that the body is high. So, if one of the ways to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of a passenger car is to reduce its cross-section, first of all, its height, then another option should be found for a highway truck or road train.
Improvement of the method for determining the traction properties of the SKODA FABIA vehicle during bench diagnostics
Authors: Мarmut Іhоr , Kashkanov Vitaliy , Zuiev Volodymyr
Published: February 2024

As you know, the main output parameters characterizing the state of the power unit are the power and torque values. These parameters determine the dynamic qualities of the car, and can also affect fuel consumption and the level of harmful emissions.

The above parameters are checked using traction roller stands. Such stands allow you to reproduce real speed and load modes. Usually, the traction force on the drive wheels is measured on the stands. It is then easy to calculate the power at a given test speed. Traction force is determined, on the one hand, by the output torque of the engine, on the other hand, by mechanical losses in the transmission. In turn, the moment is determined by the perfection of the combustion process, the complete use of the energy of combustion products, and mechanical losses in the engine itself.

When there is no reliable, experimentally obtained external speed characteristic of an internal combustion engine, Leiderman's formula is usually used for its approximate construction.

This technique gives a satisfactory approximation of the dependence of power on revolutions. However, the moment curve is noticeably different from the experimental one. due to the fact that it uses only one experimental point - the maximum power and the corresponding revolutions. Therefore, a refined method of building the external speed characteristic using the example of the SKODA FABIA car is proposed using additional equations that specify the values of the empirical coefficients A, B, C.

On the basis of the refined external speed characteristics of the engine, the revolutions of the crankshaft are converted into speed, and a graph of the permissible traction force against the speed is drawn according to the derived formula. Standards for diagnostic parameters of the power unit in acceleration mode under partial load are also defined.

The proposed method of registering engine diagnostic parameters to determine their normative values provides an individual approach to diagnosing the technical condition of cars.
Research on testing methods for the corrosion resistance of paint coatings
Authors: Pavlenko Viacheslav , Manuylov Volodymyr , Kuzhel Volodymyr , Semenchenko Serhii , Hapula Vitalii
Published: February 2024

This scientific work is aimed at researching the testing methods of paint coatings used for protecting the metal parts of automobiles in order to determine their resistance to corrosion processes. Paint coatings are used to protect the metal surfaces of automobiles from corrosion in various climatic conditions and under the influence of aggressive factors such as atmospheric conditions, chemical substances on the road, polluted air, and other corrosive environments, making their quality and effectiveness of great significance.

Different methods of testing paint and varnish coatings are considered, such as neutral salt spray test, acetic acid salt spray test (with and without copper acceleration), and cyclic corrosion testing. Attention is also given to parameters such as test duration, temperature regimes, and chemical aggressiveness of the environment to establish the effectiveness of these methods. The analysis of the tests allows determining which methods best meet the requirements for assessing the corrosion resistance of paint coatings. The work also investigates the impact of various factors, such as the type of paint coating, surface preparation, and operating conditions, on the test results. It was determined that the proper selection of test methods and adequate assessment of their effectiveness help in improving the corrosion resistance of the paint coating in various operating conditions.

The work has important practical applications in the automotive industry by enhancing the quality of protection for automotive coatings against corrosion and extending their service life in various operating conditions. The obtained results will help improve the quality and durability of paint coatings, metal structures, and other products against corrosion by choosing the optimal method for testing paint coatings. This scientific work has practical significance for engineers and manufacturers involved in the development and application of corrosion-resistant coatings.
Analysis of existing methods and approaches to the search of damaged armored tank vehicles during technical intelligence in the modern armies of the world
Authors: Pavlov Yaroslav , Kashkanov Andriy
Published: February 2024

The article proposes the definition of directions and opportunities for the use of technical means of information in the performance of the tasks of rear support of troops in armed conflicts that are taking place today.

Possible areas of application of unmanned aerial vehicles in the technical intelligence system of the National Guard of Ukraine and the Armed Forces of Ukraine are considered. The analysis of various types of unmanned aerial vehicles revealed the peculiarities of their use. The foreign experience of the use and development of unmanned technologies in the field of search and evacuation of damaged armored vehicles was analyzed. Conclusions were obtained regarding the combination of unmanned aerial vehicles with traditional means of technical intelligence, which showed their significant advantages. Prospective areas of application of aircraft in combination with technical intelligence systems of individual units of the National Guard of Ukraine and military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during operations and hostilities have been identified. The possibility of combining aviation technologies and means of technical intelligence in armed conflicts of modern armies of the world is also considered.

Technical intelligence was analyzed from the point of view of the type of intelligence by tasks, forces, means and methods; and also as an organization of intelligence activities based on the use of technical means. The dependence on the nature of signals detected by technical means is shown, one of the types of technical intelligence is photo and infrared intelligence based on the interception of light waves (species intelligence).

Species intelligence is considered as the collection of intelligence information based on the analysis of a large number of images obtained with the help of photographic, optical-electronic and radar equipment. According to its specificity, intelligence belongs to technical intelligence and includes air and space intelligence. Species reconnaissance uses photographic images taken in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, infrared photography and multispectral photography. Radar images for species reconnaissance are created by equipment of various electromagnetic ranges synthesized in radar equipment. Spectral reconnaissance should be distinguished from electronic reconnaissance using optical-electronic or radar equipment that does not form an image.

Military experts of developed countries believe that in the modern combat environment, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for conducting reconnaissance as a means of technical intelligence can more effectively and quickly solve the tasks of technical intelligence. At the same time, the time required to deliver the received intelligence information to the relevant management bodies is reduced.