bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Lemna minor for Assessing Tetracyclines’ Removal
Authors: Sikorski Łukasz , Bęś Agnieszka , Warmiński Kazimierz , Truszkowski Wojciech , Kowal Przemysław
Published: August 2024

Antibiotics with significant environmental toxicity, e.g., tetracyclines (TCs), are often used in large quantities worldwide, with 50–80% of the applied dose ending up in the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and minocycline hydrochloride (MIN) on L. minor. Our research evaluated the phytotoxicity of the TCs by analyzing plant growth and biomass and evaluating assimilation pigment levels and fluorescence. The research was extended with the ability potential of duckweed as a tool for removing TCs from water/wastewater. The results demonstrated that both TCs influenced Ir, Iy, biomass, and photosynthetic efficiency. The uptake of TC and MIN by duckweed was proportional to the concentration in the growth medium. The TC was absorbed more readily, reaching up to 8.09 mg × g−1 of dry weight (DW) at the highest concentration (19.2 mg × L−1), while MIN reached 6.01 mg × g−1 of DW. As indicated, the consequences of the influence of TC on plants were slightly smaller, in comparison to MIN, while the plants could biosorb this drug, even at the lowest tested concentration. This study has shown that using plants for drug biosorption can be an effective standalone or complementary method for water and wastewater treatment.
Investigating the Discoloration of Leaves of Dioscorea polystachya Using Developed Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Methods for Manganese and Molybdenum
Authors: Krüger David , Weng Alexander , Baecker Daniel
Published: August 2024

The Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya, DP) is promising for the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential. Its proper cultivation is therefore of interest. An insufficient supply of minerals necessary for plant growth can be manifested by discoloration of the leaves. In our earlier study, magnesium deficiency was excluded as a cause. As a follow-up, this work focused on manganese and molybdenum. To quantify both minerals in leaf extracts of DP, analytical methods based on atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the graphite furnace sub-technique were devised. The development revealed that the quantification of manganese works best without using any of the investigated modifiers. The optimized pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 1300 °C and 1800 °C, respectively. For the analysis of molybdenum, calcium proved to be advantageous as a modifier. The optimum temperatures were 1900 °C and 2800 °C, respectively. Both methods showed satisfactory linearity for analysis. Thus, they were applied to quantify extracts from normal and discolored leaves of DP concerning the two minerals. It was found that discolored leaves had higher manganese levels and a lower molybdenum content. With these results, a potential explanation for the discoloration could be found.
Chemical-Assisted CO2 Water-Alternating-Gas Injection for Enhanced Sweep Efficiency in CO2-EOR
Authors: Fang Pengwei , Zhang Qun , Zhou Can , Yang Zhengming , Yu Hongwei , Du Meng , Chen Xinliang , Song Yuxuan , Wang Sicai , Gao Yuan , Dou Zhuoying , Cao Meiwen
Published: August 2024

CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) is a crucial method for CO2 utilization and sequestration, representing an important zero-carbon or even negative-carbon emission reduction technology. However, the low viscosity of CO2 and reservoir heterogeneity often result in early gas breakthrough, significantly reducing CO2 utilization and sequestration efficiency. A water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is a technique for mitigating gas breakthrough and viscous fingering in CO2-EOR. However, it encounters challenges related to insufficient mobility control in highly heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs, resulting in gas channeling and low sweep efficiency. Despite the extensive application and research of a WAG injection in oil and gas reservoirs, the most recent comprehensive review dates back to 2018, which focuses on the mechanisms of EOR using conventional WAG. Herein, we give an updated and comprehensive review to incorporate the latest advancements in CO2-WAG flooding techniques for enhanced sweep efficiency, which includes the theory, applications, fluid displacement mechanisms, and control strategies of a CO2-WAG injection. It addresses common challenges, operational issues, and remedial measures in WAG projects by covering studies from experiments, simulations, and pore-scale modeling. This review aims to provide guidance and serve as a reference for the application and research advancement of CO2-EOR techniques in heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs.
Influence of the Structure of Hydrothermal-Synthesized TiO2 Nanowires Formed by Annealing on the Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 in H2O Vapor
Authors: Tarasov Andrey M. , Sorokina Larisa I. , Dronova Daria A. , Volovlikova Olga , Trifonov Alexey Yu. , Itskov Sergey S. , Tregubov Aleksey V. , Shabaeva Elena N. , Zhurina Ekaterina S. , Dubkov Sergey V. , Kozlov Dmitry V. , Gromov Dmitry
Published: August 2024

The present study investigates the photocatalytic properties of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanowires (NWs) for CO2 reduction in H2O vapor. It has been demonstrated that TiO2 NWs, thermally treated at 500–700 °C, demonstrate an almost tenfold higher yield of products compared to the known commercial powder TiO2 P25. It has been found that the best material is a combination of anatase, TiO2-B and rutile. The product yield increases with increasing heat treatment temperature of TiO2 NWs. This is associated with an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the material. It is shown that the best product yield of the CO2 reduction in H2O vapor is achieved when the TiO2 NW photocatalyst is heated to 100 °C.
Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of Additively Manufactured Polyurethane (PU)/Halloysite Nanotube (HNT) Nanocomposites
Authors: Nugroho Wendy Triadji , Dong Yu , Pramanik Alokesh
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the impact of halloysite nanotube (HNT) content on mechanical and shape memory properties of additively manufactured polyurethane (PU)/HNT nanocomposites. The inclusion of 8 wt% HNTs increases their tensile strength by 30.4% when compared with that of virgin PU at 44.75 MPa. Furthermore, consistently significant increases in tensile modulus, compressive strength and modulus, as well as specific energy absorption are also manifested by 47.2%, 34.0%, 125% and 72.7% relative to neat PU at 2.29 GPa, 3.88 MPa, 0.28 GPa and 0.44 kJ/kg respectively. However, increasing HNT content reduces lateral strain due to the restricted mobility of polymeric chains, leading to a decrease in negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR). As such, shape recovery ratio and time of PU/HNT nanocomposites are reduced by 9 and 45% with the inclusion of 10 wt% HNTs despite an increasing shape fixity ratio up to 12% relative to those of neat PU.
Profiling and Improvement of Grain Quality Traits for Consumer Preferable Basmati Rice in the United States
Authors: Prodhan Zakaria Hossain , Samonte Stanley Omar P. B. , Sanchez Darlene Lonjas , Talukder Shyamal Krishna
Published: August 2024

Basmati rice is a premium aromatic rice that consumers choose primarily because of its distinct aroma and excellent grain quality. The grain quality of Basmati rice (GQBR) reflects the perspectives of producers, processors, sellers, and consumers related to the production, processing, marketing, and consumption of Basmati rice. Consumers, an invaluable part of the production demand and value chain of the Basmati rice industry, have the freedom to choose from different types of aromatic rice. Consumers expect their preferred Basmati rice to possess all superior rice grain qualities, including the physical, biochemical, and physiological properties. Gene functional analysis explained that a 10-base pair deletion in the promoter region of the OsSPL16 gene causes the slender grains in Basmati rice, whereas an 8-base-pair deletion in exon 7 of the OsBadh2 gene (located in the fgr region on rice chromosome 8) results in the distinct aroma. Furthermore, a combination of the genetic characteristics of the gw8 and gs3 genes has led to the creation of a long-grain Basmati-type rice cultivar. It has also been demonstrated that agricultural, genetic, and environmental conditions significantly influence GQBR. Hence, research on improving GQBR requires a multidimensional approach and sophisticated elements due to the complexity of its nature and preference diversity. This review covers the basic definitions of grain quality traits, consumer preference criteria, influencing factors, and strategies for producing superior-quality Basmati rice in the United States. This knowledge will be useful in improving the grain quality of Basmati and Basmati-type rice, as well as developing appropriate breeding programs that will meet the preferences of different countries and cultures.
The Application of Paclobutrazol to GA3-Treated Seed Tuber Potato Fields Does Not Shorten the Growth Cycle or Mitigate Tuber Elongation
Authors: Nomo Samuel D. , Shlebe Aeden , Rachmilevitch Shimon , Shalit-Kaneh Akiva
Published: August 2024

Potato seed tubers are a valuable product in potato agriculture. Over the years, studies have been conducted to increase the fraction of mid-size tubers, which are used as a planting material, within the general pool of tuber sizes. Gibberellic acid has been a central component of such studies and has successfully increased the seed-size pool. However, in many cases, misshapen tubers were formed, and the practice has not become widespread. The use of the gibberellic acid inhibitor paclobutrazol has been examined for its ability to increase seed tuber number and tuber growth and to overcome the heat inhibition of tuberization in warm climates. Paclobutrazol has been shown to increase tuber yield and growth rate. In this study, we aimed to test whether the combination of gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol can increase the seed tuber pool, reduce the number of misshapen tubers, and shorten the growth cycle, thus avoiding end-of-season elevated heat conditions and reducing agricultural inputs. Our findings suggest that gibberellic acid on its own can lead to an increase in the number of seed tubers at earlier stages of growth; however, the sequential addition of paclobutrazol was not able to drive even earlier growth or lower the number of misshapen tubers.
LzSCL9, a Novel GRAS Transcription Factor in Lanzhou Lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor), Participates in Regulation of Trichokonins-Primed Heat Stress Tolerance
Authors: Cao Xing , Ding Liping , Liang Jiahui , Zhou Yanrong , Chen Xiulan , Li Haiyan , Liu Tao , Yue Wenxiu , Sui Juanjuan , Jiang Liangbao , Qian Yulian , Yang Dongdong , Wang Bo , Zhang Hailing , Wu Ze , Song Xiaoyan
Published: August 2024

In our previous research, we found that trichokonins’ (TKs) employment improved the thermotolerance of the Lanzhou lily, a renowned edible crop species endemic to China that is relatively susceptible to high temperatures (HTs). Here, a novel Lanzhou lily GRAS gene, LzSCL9, was identified to respond to heat stress (HS) and HS+TKs treatment based on transcriptome and RT-qPCR analysis. TKs could improve the upregulation of LzSCL9 during long-term HS. The expression profile of LzSCL9 in response to HS with or without TKs treatment showed a significant positive correlation with LzHsfA2a-1, which was previously identified as a key regulator in TKs’ conferred resilience to HT. More importantly, overexpression of LzSCL9 in the lily enhanced its tolerance to HTs and silencing LzSCL9 in the lily reduced heat resistance. Taken together, this study identified the positive role of LzSCL9 in TK-induced thermotolerance, thereby preliminarily establishing a molecular mechanism on TKs regulating the thermostability of the Lanzhou lily and providing a new candidate regulator for plant heat-resistant breeding.
Characterization of New Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium Derivative Lines with Superior Genes for Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew Resistance
Authors: Yu Zhihui , Li Guangrong , Zheng Zhiqiang , Wang Hongjin , Yang Zujun
Published: August 2024

The wild species Thinopyrum intermedium (genome JJJSJSStSt) serves as a valuable germplasm resource providing novel diseases resistance and agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Two wheat-Th. intermedium partial amphiploids, TAI7045 (2n = 56) and 78784 (2n = 56), exhibit high resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew, and their chromosome constitutions have been characterized. With the aim to transfer novel resistance genes from Th. intermedium, the crosses of common wheat line MY11 with TAI7045 and 78784 were produced, and their individual F2-F5 progenies were characterized using sequential non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) and molecular markers. We identified a set of wheat-Th. intermedium addition lines, involving the chromosomes 1St-JS, 2St, 2St-JS, 3St, 4J, 4St, 5St, 5J.St, 6JS.J, and 7JS. Above all, the stable wheat-Th. intermedium small segmental translocation lines with chromosomes 4DS.4DL-4StL-4DL-4JL and 4DS.4DL-4StL-4DL were selected. Combining data from specific marker amplification and resistance evaluation, we mapped the gene(s) for resistance to powdery mildew and stripe rust in the 233.56–329.88 Mb region of the long arm of the 4St chromosome from the reference Th. intermedium genome. The new wheat-Th. intermedium introgressions will be used as novel germplasm for breeding purposes.
Optimal Operation Strategy for Wind–Photovoltaic Power-Based Hydrogen Production Systems Considering Electrolyzer Start-Up Characteristics
Authors: Ma Ben , Zheng Jianfeng , Xian Zhongye , Wang Bo , Ma Hengrui
Published: August 2024

Combining electrolytic hydrogen production with wind–photovoltaic power can effectively smooth the fluctuation of power and enhance the schedulable wind–photovoltaic power, which provides an effective solution to solve the problem of wind–photovoltaic power accommodation. In this paper, the optimization operation strategy is studied for the wind–photovoltaic power-based hydrogen production system. Firstly, to make up for the deficiency of the existing research on the multi-state and nonlinear characteristics of electrolyzers, the three-state and power-current nonlinear characteristics of the electrolyzer cell are modeled. The model reflects the difference between the cold and hot starting time of the electrolyzer, and the linear decoupling model is easy to apply in the optimization model. On this basis, considering the operation constraints of the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank, battery, and other equipment, the optimization operation model of the wind–photovoltaic power-based hydrogen production system is developed based on the typical scenario approach. It also considers the cold and hot starting time of the electrolyzer with the daily operation cost as the goal. The results show that the operational benefits of the system can be improved through the proposed strategy. The hydrogen storage tank capacity will have an impact on the operation income of the wind–solar hydrogen coupling system, and the daily operation income will increase by 0.32% for every 10% (300 kg) increase in the hydrogen storage tank capacity.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Ethylene Adsorptive Separation Using Zeolite 13X in Oxidative Coupling of Methane Integrated Process
Authors: Godini Hamid Reza , Huy Nguyen Dang , Ramponi Lorenzo , Son Nghiem Xuan , Mokhtarani Babak , Repke Jens-Uwe , Penteado Alberto , Manzolini Giampaolo , Orjuela Alvaro , Gallucci Fausto
Published: August 2024

Performance analysis of the adsorptive separation of ethylene downstream of an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) process, being an alternative process for converting methane content of natural gas or other methane-rich sources to ethylene, was studied in this research for a production capacity of 1 Mt/yr. This was motivated by observing promising adsorption characteristics and efficiency in the selective adsorption of ethylene using 13X zeolite-based sorbent. The energy and economic performance of alternative scenarios for retrofitting the adsorption unit into an integrated OCM process were analyzed. Simulations of the integrated OCM process scenarios include OCM unit, CO2-hydrogenation, ethane dehydrogenation and methane reforming sections. The use of efficient ethylene adsorption separation enabled the improvement of the economic and energy efficiency of the integrated OCM process under specific operating conditions. For instance, the invested amount of energy and the associated energy cost per ton of ethylene in the cryogenic ethylene-purification section of the integrated process using adsorption unit are, respectively, 75% and 89% lower than the reference integrated OCM process. Under the conditions considered in this analysis, the return on investment for the final proposed integrated OCM process structure using adsorption separation was found to be less than 9 years, and the potential for further improvement was also discussed.
Using the Methods-Time Measurement Calculator to Determine the Time Norms for Technological Sewing Operations in the Clothing Industry
Authors: Kirin Snježana , Kralj Damir , Hursa Šajatović Anica
Published: August 2024

The work in the technological sewing process is carried out on machine systems characterised by machine–hand work, where the worker and the machine work simultaneously. Such a work system requires a high level of responsibility in terms of quality, quantity, and the correct and timely execution of work, which requires workers to have fast and accurate reflexes, as well as exceptionally good psychomotor and visual skills. By applying the basic movements of the Methods-Time Measurement (MTM) system, the elaborated standard sets of hand sub-operations included in technological sewing operations, and the method of determining normal times for straight seams (RAV) and curved seams (ZAK), it is possible to determine the working method and time norm of individual technological sewing operations. The MTM Calculator software was developed to facilitate the determination of working methods and time norms on the basis of the MTM system. It can be used to quickly calculate the production time for a technological sewing operation.
Construction of Fe2O3-CuO Heterojunction Photoelectrode for Enhanced Efficiency of Solar Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Lu Ping , Zhang Zihan , Gu Zixing , Li Zhuo , Su Huaneng , Shen Xiaozhong , Xu Qian
Published: August 2024

To address the problem of suboptimal performance in deep eutectic solvents displayed by traditional TiO2 photoelectrodes and Cu2O photoelectrodes that have undergone simplistic modifications that result in a mismatch with battery discharge capacity, a method combining hydrothermal and dip-coating techniques was developed to create a Fe2O3-CuO heterojunction structure on the FTO surface. Then, the impact of the heterojunction structure on the performance of solar flow batteries was investigate in this study. The experimental findings reveal that the formation of the heterojunction structure effectively mitigates the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers within the photoelectrode. Furthermore, by meticulously adjusting the CuO loading, the harmonious balance between charging and discharging currents was achieved, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the solar redox flow batteries. In comparison to standalone Fe2O3 photoelectrodes, this innovative approach significantly broadens the spectrum of sunlight utilization. Notably, the fabricated Fe2O3/CuO-2 photoelectrode demonstrates a remarkable photocharging performance, far surpassing both Fe2O3 photoelectrodes and commercial TiO2 photoelectrodes. Specifically, the Fe2O3/CuO-2 photoelectrode boosts an average current density of 598.68 μA∙cm−2, with its charging current density being 2.74 and 5.15 larger, respectively, than that of the Fe2O3 and commercial TiO2 photoelectrodes.
Establishment and Research of Cotton Stalk Moisture Content–Discrete Element Parameter Model Based on Multiple Verification
Authors: Wu Tao , Yan Limin , Jiang Deli , Gou Haixiao , Fu Xuanhe , Zhang Jinhao
Published: August 2024

In view of the large difference in moisture content of cotton stalk in autumn in Xinjiang, the existing process of obtaining discrete element simulation parameters of cotton stalk is low in accuracy and complicated in operation, leading to the problems of poor universality and low accuracy in regard to the discrete element simulation parameter-calibration method in the process of mechanized transportation, throwing and returning to the field. Therefore, the experimental study on cotton stalk with different moisture content was carried out with the accumulation angle as the response value, so as to construct a parameter model that can quickly and accurately calibrate cotton stalk with different levels of moisture content. The model has high applicability and flexibility, and it can be widely used in the simulation test of various cotton field-operation machinery, such as a residual film-recycling machine, cotton picker, crushing and returning machine and other equipment. The water content–accumulation angle model was established by the cylinder-lifting method, and the correlation coefficient of the model was 0.9993. Based on EDEM 2020 software, the Hertz–Mindlin model was used to simulate the stacking angle of cotton stalk, and the rolling friction coefficient, static friction coefficient and collision recovery coefficient between cotton stalk and cotton stalk–steel were obtained. Through the Plackett–Burman test, climbing test and Box–Behnken test, three significant parameters, namely the rolling friction coefficient, static friction coefficient and static friction coefficient between cotton stalk and steel, were selected from discrete element simulation parameters to characterize the moisture content of cotton stalk, and the accumulation angle–discrete element parameter model was established. The p-value of the model was less than 0.0001, and the relative error was only 2.67%. Based on the moisture content–stacking angle model and the stacking angle–discrete element parameter model, the moisture content–discrete element parameter model was constructed. The model was verified by the cylinder-lifting method and the plate-drawing method, and the relative error was only 2.79%. Finally, the model was further verified by comparing the effect of the throwing uniformity between the mechanical simulation test and field test, and the relative error was only 4.75%. The test proves that the moisture content–discrete element parameter model is accurate and reliable, not only providing the design basis and support for the mechanization research of cotton stalk conveying and returning to the field in Xinjiang but also providing ideas for the calibration of discrete element simulation parameters of other crop straws.
Qualitative and Quantitative Potential of Low-Cost Near-Infrared (NIR) Devices for Rapid Analysis of Infant Formulas for Regular and Special Needs
Authors: Majić Iva , Zajec Marta , Benković Maja , Jurina Tamara , Jurinjak Tušek Ana , Valinger Davor , Gajdoš Kljusurić Jasenka
Published: August 2024

Infant formulas and their quality are an extremely important factor for proper growth and development and their composition and nutritional quality are extremely important. Fast, green, and cheap quality analysis methods are definitely desirable. Therefore, the aim of this work was to examine the potential of applying near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy using two devices: a (i) laboratory NIR analyzer and (ii) portable NIR device. Both devices record the vibrations of molecules in the NIR region of 900–1699 nm. Infant formulas intended for children up to 6 months (n = 6) and for infants with a sensitive digestive system or confirmed allergy to cow’s milk proteins (n = 5) were tested. Each infant formula was recorded in the form of powder and in the form of prepared samples corresponding to different ages, according to the instructions on the product declaration. The parameters of color, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were also measured. The measured parameters and the chemical composition of infant formulas were associated with NIR spectra and with the application of chemometric tools (principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR)), the similarity and/or difference between the samples was determined and the qualitative/quantitative potential was determined through applications of both devices. Characteristic peaks at certain wavelengths indicate the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, and water were identified and are specific for regular and specific purpose infant formulas. It is precisely these specificities in the composition, which are visible in the NIR spectrum, that make it possible to distinguish samples on a qualitative level. The connection of NIR spectra as input variables and 22 parameters (color, TDS, conductivity, and energy–nutrient composition) as output variables, using PLSR, gave an insight into the quantitative potential, i.e., the possibility of predicting the observed parameters on the basis of NIR spectra (recorded using two devices). The quantitative potential was confirmed on the basis of model parameters that resulted in acceptable values for both NIR devices: the coefficient of determination for the calibration, Rc2 > 0.9, and Range Error Ratio, RER > 6.
Study on Wax Deposition Process of Crude Oil System under Shear Flow Field Conditions
Authors: Liu Haibo , Yang Chao , Qi Jingjing , Liu Chao , Luo Haijun , Li Bingfan
Published: August 2024

This paper adopted numerical simulation based on the MD method to research the effect of different shear rates and wax contents on wax deposition focused on crude oil. The findings indicated that under shear flow conditions, there were primarily four steps during deposition. Diffusion was the initial stage when wax diffused onto the metal surface. In the second stage, wax adsorbed onto a metal surface aligned itself parallel to the surface via Brownian motion, generating two different kinds of deposits. Subsequently, agglomerates were formed between the adsorbed deposits and the wax as a result of molecular interactions and bridging effects. Furthermore, the second and third deposited layers gradually showed peeling off and sliding under shear force. The wax deposition process was comparable for crude oil systems with varying shear rates and wax concentrations, and the deposited layer’s thickness on the metal surface was constant. The first, second, and third deposits were mainly adsorbed at 0.122 nm, 0.532 nm, and 1.004 nm away from the Fe surface, and the interaction energy between crude oil molecules and the Fe surface was mainly vdW force. The contact between Fe and wax progressively increased as the shear rate and wax content rose, promoting the wax adsorption on the metal surface and causing more of the wax to congregate in the deposited wax. The findings of the research can theoretically help a more thorough comprehension of the wax deposition.
The Impact of Religious Practices on Shaping Cultural Habits: The Case of Child Sacrifice among the Pre-Islāmic Arabs from the Qur’ānic Perspective
Authors: Aksoy Soner
Published: August 2024

One of the traditions observed in pre-Islāmic Arab society (Jāhiliyya) was the practice of child sacrifice. This practice drew strong condemnation and opposition in various passages of the Qur’ān. The underlying impetus behind the Jāhiliyya Arabs (pre-Islāmic Arabs) to engage in such acts, especially the sacrifice of their daughters, finds its explanation in the phrase khashya imlāq, “fear of poverty,” as stated in the applicable passages. Nonetheless, a careful examination of the narrations (riwāyāts) and passages pertaining to the subject reveals a fundamental relationship between the Arabs’ custom of child sacrifice and their votive rituals. This paper aims to scrutinize this intricate relationship. It commences with the identification of the riwāyāts linked to the Jāhiliyya society’s custom of presenting children as offerings to their deities. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis will be presented on interpretations put forth by Muslim exegetes (mufassirūn) regarding Qur’ānic passages addressing the theme of child sacrifice. This paper argues that while the ostensible motivation for child sacrifice, particularly that of daughters, is often attributed to peniaphobia, an examination of the relevant passages, riwāyāts, and the exegetical interpretations leads to the conclusion that this practice is intertwined with the votive beliefs once held by the Jāhiliyya Arabs. Accordingly, it can be concluded that belief strongly influences the formation of customs and practices at the social and individual levels, even when forgotten over time. Thus, a notable example illustrates a close relationship between religion and culture. Moreover, the influence of religious motivation and beliefs in legitimizing brutal practices, such as the killing of a child, is highlighted.
The Unintended Outcomes of Spreading the Gospel: Community Split, False Unanimity, Secular Blaming
Authors: Aberle Marc
Published: August 2024

Zwingli never considered it likely for the old Confederacy to endure being split between two confessional camps. Therefore, his sermons were a powerful impetus for mobilizing the cantonal governments in favor of a conversion of the entire alliance to the reformed Gospel. However, facing fierce reluctance, he tried to bypass the Diet by rallying local support among parishioners, thus bringing the whole Confederacy on his side. This purpose, allegedly uttered with the intent of securing peace, underpinned the use of symbolic violence and coercion. With the Christian Civic Union between Bern and Zurich, the local parishes found themselves at the core of these efforts, relying on majority votes. Preachers would certainly try to explain how the community would temporarily be divided before achieving a superficial unanimity by voting to abolish the Mass. While Zwingli’s death marked an end to these ventures, French-speaking preachers translated these views and beliefs into Western and then French communities and the accusations of sedition and political disruption the protestants faced since years suddenly bloomed again. The transposition of those concepts to less republican contexts than those of Ancient Switzerland created one of the first manifestations of a link between Calvinism and Democracy, although in a controversial way.
Evaluation of Wetland Area Effects on Hydrology and Water Quality at Watershed Scale
Authors: Nepal Dipesh , Parajuli Prem , Ouyang Ying , To Filip , Wijewardane Nuwan , Venishetty Vivek
Published: August 2024

Change in land use and land cover (LULC) is crucial to freshwater ecosystems as it affects surface runoff, groundwater storage, and sediment and nutrient transport within watershed areas. Ecosystem components such as wetlands, which can contribute to the reduction of water pollution and the enhancement of groundwater recharge, are altered by LULC modifications. This study evaluates how wetlands in the Big Sunflower River Watershed (BSRW) have changed in recent years and quantified their impacts on streamflow, water quality, and groundwater storage using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The model was well calibrated and validated prior to its application. Our study showed that the maximum increase in wetland areas within the sub-watersheds of interest was 26% from 2008 to 2020. The maximum changes in reduction due to the increase in wetland areas were determined by 2% for streamflow, 37% for total suspended solids, 13% for total phosphorus (TP), 4% for total nitrogen (TN), and the maximum increase in shallow groundwater storage by 90 mm from 2008 to 2020 only in the selected sub-basins. However, the central part of the watershed experienced average declines of groundwater levels up to 176 mm per year due to water withdrawal for irrigation or other uses. This study also found that restoration of 460 to 550 ha of wetlands could increase the reduction of discharge by 20%, sediment by 25%, TN by 18%, and TP by 12%. This study highlights the importance of wetland conservation for water quality improvement and management of groundwater resources.
Hubungan Frekuensi Minum Susu Botol dengan Kejadian Karies Rampan pada Anak Prasekolah Taman Kanak-Kanak B Di TK Bhuwana Sari Denpasar Utara Tahun 2024
Authors: Arini Ni Wayan , Dewi Supariani Ni Nyoman , Wirata I Nyoman , Trisna Arta Cahyani Ni Nyoman
Published: August 2024

Rampant caries is one of the oral health problems that often occurs in children. The habit of children falling asleep with bottle milk is the cause of rampant caries. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the frequency of bottle milk drinking and the incidence of rampant caries in preschool childrenin kindergarten B at Bhuwana Sari Kindergarten, North Denpasar in 2024. This research method is descriptive research with survey design. The number of respondents was 48 people. The types of data collected were primary data and secondary data by examining rampant caries and interview guide sheets. The results of this study showed that the most frequency of drinking bottle milk twice a day amounted to 17 children (35.4%), the average of drinking milk twice a day, the frequency of the most rampant caries type was type III, the mode of rampant caries type was type III, type I rampant caries in children who drank milk once a day was seven people (58.3%), and type IV rampant caries in children who drank milk three times a day was eight people (50%). Spearman test result p value 0,005 (p = 0,819). The conclusion of this research is rampant caries occurred mostly in children who drink bottle milk twice a day, while healthy teeth were not found in children who drink milk three times a day.
Fortalecimiento de la conciencia ambiental desde la responsabilidad social universitaria
Authors: Perez Guevara Luciano
Published: August 2024

La conciencia ambiental abarca las vivencias, experiencias y actitudes de los estudiantes hacia el cuidado del medioambiente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre la conciencia ambiental y la responsabilidad social universitaria. Se empleó un enfoque positivista con un diseño no experimental, transversal, correlacional y causal. La investigación tuvo un carácter básico, utilizando el método hipotético-deductivo. La población consistió en 235 estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación, con una muestra de 101 participantes. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante la aplicación de dos cuestionarios. Los resultados indicaron que la conciencia ambiental afecta la responsabilidad social universitaria de los estudiantes. Se encontró que el 38.6% de los estudiantes mostró un nivel ineficiente de conciencia ambiental y el 33.7% presentó un nivel inaceptable de responsabilidad social universitaria. Según el análisis de regresión logística, la conciencia ambiental influye en un 89.2% en la responsabilidad social universitaria. Por lo tanto, se concluye que fomentar la conciencia ambiental mediante acciones proambientales contribuye al cuidado responsable del medioambiente.
discurso anti-gênero
Authors: Pinto Bryan Henrique
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo argumenta que a associação de exposições de arte com pedofilia no âmbito da CPI dos Maus-Tratos, visavam barrar direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, mobilizando pânicos morais. Inicialmente, construo uma breve contextualização sobre a exposição Queermuseu e a performance “La Bête”, buscando demonstrar as polêmicas envolvendo ambas e como tais exposições de arte acabaram se tornando matéria da CPI dos Maus-Tratos. Após, realizo uma genealogia do discurso anti-gênero, apontando o Vaticano como principal articular de uma cruzada contra direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. No contexto nacional, demonstro os paralelos entre a CPI dos Maus-Tratos e a CPI da Pedofilia, principalmente na figura institucional do presidente das Comissões. Por fim, busco demonstrar, a partir das leis, como as acusações contra as exposições eram infundadas. Para atingir tais objetivos, metodologicamente, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, através de análise de conteúdo e análise do discurso. Como objetos empíricos, foram analisados os arquivos de filmagens da CPI, notas taquigráficas das reuniões e requerimentos.
defesa de uma teologia da libertação indecente/queer territorializada
Authors: Manchola Castillo Camilo Hernan
Published: August 2024

As estruturas coloniais geralmente começam por procurar, através da religião, minar, envergonhar e, em última instância, matar os nossos corpos e terras (os nossos próprios territórios) para escravizar-nos e negar-nos a nossa existência. Esse artigo explora e aborda questões relacionadas com as potencialidades que uma teologia indecente/queer da libertação enraizada na noção de territorialização pode oferecer para desafiar estruturas coloniais opressivas em cerimónias e rituais. Numa polifonia de vozes, incluindo diálogos entre a teóloga da libertação Marcella Althaus-Reid e o sociólogo Frantz Fanon, esta pesquisa compartilha algumas ideias sobre as questões acima mencionadas. O fim último é contribuir à construção de discursos que desafiem estruturas coloniais opressivas em cerimónias e rituais.
Applications for Systematic Smart Contracts on Blockchain
Authors: Elnara Alvina Sevde , Morie Elvan Beyza , Emine Deniz Parisya , Saraswati Fatin Annabeth
Published: August 2024

Although blockchain technology has recently attracted a lot of attention, there are still several technical challenges, such as security and scalability. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain applications and smart contracts, their primary issues, and appropriate solutions, and will assist to identify any gaps and future study. It also identifies the areas in which recent studies have concentrated. 292 papers were picked for the study from the best digital libraries. Only 28 publications were taken into consideration after a thorough review procedure using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Blockchain ​​Technology for Authentication and Validation Social Network Accounts
Authors: Althero Zacky , Syahreza Jazlan , Ortiz Alvano
Published: August 2024

By distributing personal information and profile pages in blocks and verifying them using blockchain technology, SNS becomes a point of trust. This study proposes a practical and straightforward technical method to authenticate profiles on social networks. Anyone can use this mechanism to authenticate a social media account, increasing the chances of identifying the natural person behind the account. Furthermore, fake accounts are exposed this way, creating a more secure and trustworthy social media environment. Blockchain technology is a participatory mechanism between private information and the blockchain, and only developers are required to modify the properties of the platform directly. The actual personal information of the account holder is stored in encrypted blocks that are difficult to modify, copy or steal and are displayed on the profile page.
Exploring Integration in Education through Blockchain Technology
Authors: Awerika Charlotte Katherine , Alian Amerila Zara Mazelene , Ameria Sharddha , Ameriya Tanisha , Atsumi Masakazu
Published: August 2024

New technological advances and the availability of high-speed connections have brought about significant changes in our daily lives. However, behind all these conveniences, we are also faced with complex security challenges. One of the innovations that has really attracted attention is Blockchain technology, which has become the most influential invention in the last decade. Blockchain promises extraordinary security in supply chain management, including in the shipping industry and other fields. In addition, the education sector also sees tremendous potential in utilizing this technology. Universities and other educational institutions are working on using blockchain technology to enhance teaching and learning processes and strengthen collaboration between students, teachers and parents. Blockchain applications are also expected to be used in the creation of electronic transcripts, digital certification, cloud storage and identity management. Ongoing studies have revealed the maximum potential of blockchain technology in education and how it can be utilized effectively.
The Impact of Cryptocurrency on The Indonesian Community's Economy
Authors: Myers Kiara , Robert Hinman Christopher
Published: August 2024

All industries, including banking, will be impacted by the development of information technology. The creation of cryptocurrency, also known as virtual currency or digital currency, is a result of the advancement of financial technology. On the internet, the usage of digital currencies as a form of payment started to spread. This currency is intended to make payments more convenient and secure. Using blockchain technology, it lowers the cost of transactions. However, because it hurts Indonesia's financial system, monetary stability, and payment system, the government, in this case, Bank Indonesia, forbids transactions using digital or virtual currency. The influence of cryptocurrencies on the Indonesian economy and the government's position on the country's current technology are both explained in this paper. In terms of the technology provided, cryptocurrencies are a development in financial technology that will enable future financial transactions to convert paper money into digital money. To prevent future legislation from outlawing the technology found in cryptocurrencies and to help the general public better comprehend cryptocurrencies, it is desired that the government would examine the technology in cryptocurrencies more thoroughly.
Implementation of the Public Blockchain Technology System in the Future to Increase Tourist Visits in Tangerang City
Authors: Aropria Saulina  , Ariana Delhi
Published: August 2024

This research discusses the implementation of a public blockchain technology system in the future to enhance tourist visits to the city of Tangerang. The research method used is qualitative with a content analysis approach, involving the participation of relevant stakeholders, including the Tourism Office, travel agencies, destination managers, and tourists. The research findings indicate that the use of a public blockchain system, focusing on the concepts of decentralization, security, and cost reduction, has the potential to significantly increase tourist visits to the city of Tangerang. This method enables the involvement of the entire tourism ecosystem, strengthening trust and transparency, and providing innovative solutions to enhance the tourist experience. The conclusion of this research emphasizes that the implementation of blockchain technology in the tourism sector can be a key driver of industry growth and create a sustainable ecosystem. It is expected that these findings contribute to stakeholders in planning and implementing innovative solutions to enhance the attractiveness of Tangerang City as a tourist destination.
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MILK OF RED-MOTLEY COWS DEPENDING ON AGE IN LACTATIONS
Authors: Иванова Ольга Валерьевна , Зазнобина Татьяна Вячеславовна , Ефимова Любовь Валентиновна
Published: August 2024

Количественный и качественный состав молока коров зависит от многих факторов. К ним относятся порода, возраст и уровень продуктивности коровы, условия кормления и содержания и доения, период лактации. В данной работе изучено влияние одного из факторов (возраст коров в лактациях). Целью работы была сравнительная оценка физико-химических свойств молока красно-пестрой породы коров в зависимости от возраста в лактациях. Научные исследования были проведены на коровах красно-пёстрой породы (n=570). Коров распределили на 3 группы в зависимости от возраста в лактациях. В первую группу вошли коровы в возрасте первой лактации (n=54), во вторую группу - коровы второй лактации (n=167), в третью группу - коровы третьей лактации и старше (n=349). Молоко для анализа физико-химических свойств брали в зимний сезон года. В результате исследований было установлено влияние возраста в лактациях на суточный удой и температуру замерзания молока; суточный удой у коров второй, третьей и старше лактаций был достоверно выше по сравнению с коровами первой лактации на 7,6 и 8,3 кг (P>0,999), по температуре замерзания молока - ниже на 0,01°С (P>0,999). Методом однофакторного дисперсионного анализа подтверждено влияние возраста в лактациях на суточный удой - доля влияния составила 12,2%. Доля влияния данного фактора на физико-химические свойства молока была незначительной (0,01 … 0,50 %). У коров всех возрастов установлены положительные достоверные корреляционные связи между рядом показателей, характеризующих физико-химические свойства молока и отрицательные между суточным удоем и массовой долей белка в молоке.
ANTY-CYTOKINE ACTIVITY OF GENUS ENTEROCOCCUS BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ANIMALS
Authors: Карташова Ольга Львовна , Пашкова Татьяна Михайловна , Сычёва Мария Викторовна , Кочкина Елена Евгеньевна
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена изучению антицитокиновой активности энтерококков различного происхождения. Опыты in vitro проведены на 84 штаммах энтерококков разных видов, выделенных из фекалий здоровых продуктивных животных и от животных с инфекционно-воспалительными заболеваниями. Антицитокиновую активность бактерий рода Enterococcus в отношении фактора некроза опухоли и интерлейкина-10 определяли фотометрически по методике О.В. Бухарина с соавт. (2011). Полученные данные были обработаны статистически. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о широком распространении антицитокинового признака в популяции фекальных и клинических изолятов энтерококков. Среди энтерококков кишечного происхождения отмечена широкая распространённость антицитокиновой активности в отношении фактора некроза опухоли, в то время как среди клинических изолятов доминировали культуры Enterococcus spp., способные деградировать/связывать интерлейкин-10. Полученные результаты не только расширяют представления об иммуномодулирующей и противовоспалительной функции симбиотических энтерококков кишечного биотопа, но и могут быть использованы для дифференциации бактерий рода Enterococcus на симбиотические и этиологически значимые штаммы.

The article is devoted to the study of the anti-cytokine activity of enterococci of various origin. In vitro experiments were carried out on 84 strains of enterococci of various species isolated from the feces of the healthy productive animals and from the animals with infectious and inflammatory diseases. The anti-cytokine activity of bacteria of the genus Enterococcus with respect to tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-10 was determined photometrically by the method of O.V. Bukharin et al. (2011). The data obtained was statistically processed. The results of the study indicate a wide distribution of the anti-cytokine trait in the population of fecal and clinical isolates of enterococci. The prevalence of anti-cytokine activity against tumor necrosis factor among enterococci of intestinal origin was noted, while Enterococcus spp. cultures, capable of degrading / binding interleukin-10 dominated among clinical isolates. The results obtained do not only expand the understanding of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions of the symbiotic enterococci of the intestinal biotope, but can also be used to differentiate bacteria of the genus Enterococcus into symbiotic and etiologically significant strains.