bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Sources as Linked Data: Exploring Motives Across the Sciences and Social Sciences
Authors: Marsh Diana E. , Fenlon Katrina , Sorensen Amanda H. , Wise Nikki M.
Published: October 2024

While long recognized in the humanities, there is growing recognition in the sciences and social sciences that primary sources—as diverse as manuscripts, photographs, cultural belongings, and specimens—hold vast data about scientific and human knowledge for use in scholarship, community research, and global knowledge. Yet, data embedded in these sources are largely disconnected from the systems of discovery, access, and structured data that support reuse and insights across globally dispersed repositories. In this paper, we share select findings of a systematic review to explore the use of primary sources, and the data embedded in them, via linked data across the sciences and social sciences. Our results confirm the use of a variety of primary source data across diverse disciplines, particularly those requiring longitudinal studies and data integration from diverse repositories and contexts. We highlight how linked data are understood to: connect collections to communities; support highly granular credit, attribution, and assessment of impact; and interrelate diverse sources of knowledge. While these results suggest the value of linked data for the specific research needs of anthropology, the effectiveness of linked data in achieving these objectives and the suitability of this approach for a diversity of institutions and communities need further study.
Disinformation in Science: Ethical Considerations for Citing Retracted Works
Authors: Million A. J. , Budd John
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses the ethical implications of citing retracted biomedical literature, particularly in the context of spreading misinformation within scholarly discourse. It examines the responsibility of scientists to combat disinformation and uphold ethical standards in their research practices. To guide our discussion, we studied citations of the most often cited retracted works containing disinformation in Web of Science. Our findings confirm prior research and demonstrate that most citations to retracted papers reference them to bolster arguments or use methodologies without acknowledging their status. We conclude by interpreting our findings through a framework of moral obligation and argue that scientists have a special responsibility to combat disinformation, which may harm others. Cognitive authorities, namely scientists, citing invalid publications may perpetuate false beliefs and erode trust in scientific integrity.
Factors Influencing Professional Associations' Member Engagement Online: An “Information Practices” Approach
Authors: Potnis Devendra , Gala Bhakti , Seifi Leili , Warraich Nosheen , Lamba Manika , Reyes Vanessa
Published: October 2024

Member engagement can benefit professional associations, their members, and the profession. Rarely any studies adopt the “information practices” approach to identify the factors influencing professional associations' member engagement. The experiences, epiphanies, and the frequency of 11 information practices of six SIG‐III officers and volunteers when planning and implementing 184 activities of eight initiatives from 2020 to 2023 helped this autoethnography study identify 99 sub‐factors and 18 factors influencing the member engagement online. Information production, dissemination, recording, use, and discovery emerge as the top 5 information practices of officers and volunteers, in the same order, for influencing the SIG member engagement. Managing member attendance, Sharing knowledge, Managing member attention, Meeting member needs, and Building trust serve as the top 5 factors, in the same order, for affecting the member engagement. We propose a theoretical model and provide guidance to associations to enhance and sustain member engagement.
“Social Media Has Been Helpful in Learning About Myself and Finding My Community”: The Affordances and Constraints of ICT‐Based Queer History Content Creation
Authors: Wagner Travis
Published: October 2024

This paper reports on findings from 31 semi‐structured interviews with North American Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)‐based content creators who focus on LGBTQIA+ history. While the research broadly explored the information practices and digital preservation strategies of these content creators, this paper highlights how the participants navigated their respective ICT choices (ranging from personal blogs to Instagram accounts) and what affordances and constraints emerged from these choices. The paper highlights how such potentialities and pitfalls across varied social media and web‐based platforms informed the sociotechnical practices of queer historical knowledge production and how the participants leveraged the features of various ICTs to expand the visibility of queer‐affirming content and resources. The paper concludes by exploring these practices and their theoretical and practical implications for practitioners at the intersection of digital curation and archiving marginalized histories with an explicit emphasis on collaborative rather than extractive opportunities for collaboration between such content creators and cultural heritage institutions.
Understanding Why WeChat Articles Mention Chinese Scholarly Papers: A Content Analysis Approach
Authors: Yang Siluo , Li Longfei , Jin Yujie , Feng Qian
Published: October 2024

The academic community may make research findings public by mentioning Chinese scholarly papers on WeChat. However, why and how Chinese research papers were cited in WeChat articles remains unknown. This work conducted a content analysis of the motivations, emotions, forms, and elements of WeChat mentions. Data was collected from CNKI and WeChat official accounts, resulting in a dataset of 7,970 core journal papers with 21,134 WeChat mentions. Key findings include that: (1) Most of the mentions in the WeChat articles present Chinese academic publications for sharing and introduction. These mentions account for about 64%. (2) Mention sentiments are mainly neutral (around 64%). Negative emotions are almost absent. (3) In the mention forms, most WeChat articles mentioning scholarly papers do not include reference lists. They mention the papers directly in the body of the WeChat articles with recognizable elements of academic papers. (4) Concerning the mentioned elements, academic papers consist of essential content parts. They include titles (78%), abstracts (12%), and full texts (9%), and that gets the most WeChat mentions. This would give a better base and reference for advancing altmetrics in China. And it would be helpful to know the cause and how the academic papers spread on Chinese social media.
Enabling Societal Impact of Research: Exploring Information Behaviors of Academics and Professional Staff
Authors: Cattlin Joann
Published: October 2024

There are increasing expectations, globally, that academic research provides tangible and demonstrable benefits to society. Embedding societal impact as part of research culture and practice represents a shift in how universities function; however, limited research has been conducted on the role of universities in supporting and enabling work involved in enabling societal impact of research (or impact work). This study uses a holistic, exploratory study design, with Constructivist Grounded Theory as the overarching framework, to explore the experiences, information behaviors and information environments of academic and professional staff undertaking impact work. Preliminary results indicate that academics' information behaviors relating to impact work are enacted within relationships with industry, community, and government partners, which are characterized by curiosity, reciprocity, trust, and engagement. Findings from this research will contribute new perspectives on academic information behavior and inform how universities provide support through professional services, training, and information resources.
Empowering Library Services through User‐Centric Analysis of Co‐loan Patterns
Authors: Kang Woojin , Kim Meen Chul , Lee Jongwook
Published: October 2024

By examining loan data from public libraries in South Korea, we seek to understand patterns in user borrowing behaviors and explore thematic connections among borrowed books. The subject headings of 55.5 million book sets borrowed by individual users on the same day were analyzed using ITEM2VEC. We have identified 40 subject heading communities through cosine similarity of each subject vector, and we have labeled each community using a large language model. Two prominent communities were identified: Global Modern Literature and Novels and Children's Literature, Fairy Tales, and Folklore. The latter community was associated with a diverse array of subjects, indicating an expansion in children's reading preferences. The study results will be useful for improving collection development and the relevance of book recommendations, as well as for incorporating user information behavior into traditional library material classification schemes.
Exploring Young Adults' Mental Health Help‐Seeking Journey: Preliminary Findings on Resource Navigation Behavior
Authors: Liu Jiaying , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2024

Young adults are among the most vulnerable populations susceptible to mental health concerns, yet they encounter various barriers in accessing resources and obtaining necessary support and treatment. While prior research has predominantly focused on technology utilization in mental health help‐seeking, a more comprehensive understanding of how individuals navigate the broader landscape of available resources is crucial. To address this gap, we conducted in‐depth interviews with 18 young adults to explore their lived experiences and resource navigation during the mental health help‐seeking process. Guided by the Social‐Ecological Framework, our study categorized the resources utilized by young adults into four categories: technological, interpersonal, community‐based, and societal. Through thematic analysis, we report preliminary findings that identify specific characteristics of resources that young adults value and prioritize throughout their help‐seeking journey. These findings provide implications for designing multi‐level mental health resources and interventions to facilitate young adults' help‐seeking. We also discuss methodological considerations to encourage in‐depth conversations with marginalized groups on sensitive topics like mental health, emphasizing the importance of creating a safe, non‐judgmental space for participants to share their experiences openly.
“You need to step back when you're contract faculty”: Information Practices and Care in Casual Academic Work
Authors: Willson Rebekah , Stewart‐Robertson Owen , Julien Heidi , Given Lisa M.
Published: October 2024

This study uses the concepts of information practices and care as theoretical lenses to explore the information practices of casual academic staff, who experience complex information contexts. Semi‐structured online interviews followed by thematic qualitative data analysis revealed that, while these academics care deeply about their contributions to student learning, they experience a lack of institutional support and care. This experience leads to individualized information practices, and dependence on an uncertain and unreliable information landscape, characterized by information marginalization, information precarity, and information vulnerability. Exposing the informational challenges experienced by this large subpopulation of academic laborers can support efforts to improve their information environments and support their work. The study also contributes to contemporary theoretical understandings of information vulnerability within academic contexts.
Medical Visual Question‐Answering Model Based on Knowledge Enhancement and Multi‐Modal Fusion
Authors: Zhang Dianyuan , Yu Chuanming , An Lu
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to utilize a knowledge graph for importing external knowledge. It combines multi‐modal fusion mechanisms and confidence detection mechanisms to explore the correlation between clinical problems and medical images, enhancing their effectiveness in medical visual question‐answering tasks. The proposed medical visual question answering model comprises a text knowledge enhancement layer, an image embedding layer, a multimodal fusion layer, a confidence detection layer, and a prediction layer. The experimental results demonstrate that the medical vision question‐answering model, based on knowledge enhancement and multi‐modal fusion, achieves an optimal accuracy of 59.3% and 16.2% in open‐domain question‐answering tasks on the VQA‐RAD and PathVQA datasets, respectively, thus validating the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Crime Junkies: A Case for Studying Information Behavior Surrounding True Crime Podcasts
Authors: Zimmerman Tara
Published: October 2024

True crime podcasts have become a cultural phenomenon and consistently draw more listeners than any other podcast genre. The interplay between true crime podcast creators and their fans is distinctive and is having ripple effects throughout society, demonstrating patterns of information behavior distinct from other media. To date, podcasts generally, and true crime podcasts in particular, have been understudied in the LIS field. The author argues the need for this research, asserting that LIS researchers are uniquely qualified as information professionals to study this new development in information behavior. This paper presents five theories, models, and constructs widely accepted in LIS research, explaining how each is well‐suited for use in studying this topic. The author concludes by discussing implications of this research that go beyond creators and fans, extending into the realms of law enforcement, victims’ rights, and criminal prosecution. True crime podcasts represent a rare opportunity to study a truly new development in information behavior, and LIS scholars are called to be at the forefront of this new area of research.
Scholarship for the People: Michael K. Buckland and Information Science
Authors: Budd John M. , Day Ronald E. , Wang Fang , Shaw Ryan , Aparac‐Jelušić Tatjana
Published: October 2024

Michael Buckland's influential career spans several decades and has an international reach. His work has helped the field to define such key concepts as “information” and “document.” The presentations will address just a few of many topics he addressed in his career; these topics have had enormous influence on people's work in information science and on the research community. Documentation is one area that has captured Buckland's attention, and Ronald Day will present a perspective that embraces history and the current state. Fang Wang will revisit the question of what is the “science” of information science. Ryan Shaw turns his eyes to the existence and state of data science. Tatjana Aparac‐Jelušić will speak to the international scope of Buckland's work and influence. With this panel we are attempting to emphasize the need for historical and theoretical enquiry into the information field, as represented by Buckland's scholarship and its relevance to the entirety of information science. We are attempting to accomplish this emphasis by integrating the participation of audience members into the discussion.
Emerging Topics, Challenges, and Strategies for Information Science Research
Authors: Chen Jiangping , Abbas June , Yu Bei , Rorissa Abebe , Xie Zhiwu
Published: October 2024

This panel will discuss emerging topics, challenges, and strategies for information scholars and information organizations to advance information science (IS) research in current complex information environments. Five panelists will provide their observations and thoughts based on their extensive research and/or professional practice experience, followed by active interaction with the audience. The panel discussion will be centered around 4 questions: 1. What emerging information topics or areas will have great significance to science and/or society? 2. What are the top challenges for IS researchers to perform cutting edge research? 3. How can information science researchers work together to address our research challenges? And 4. What are the implications of emerging topics, challenges, and strategies for information schools and information organizations? The engagement of the panelists and the audience will help information science research and practitioner communities gain insights into the directions of information science research.
Knowledge Organization Systems and Provenance: Experiences and Challenges
Authors: Cheng Yi‐Yun , Choi Inkyung , Bettivia Rhiannon , Lee Wan‐Chen , Watson B. M.
Published: October 2024

This panel is situated at the intersections of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) and provenance research. In this panel, we will share experiences and challenges in documenting the changes of a KOS The panelists will provide real‐world examples drawn from their research and practice. These examples range from KOSs used in LIS, such as the Dewey Decimal Classifications, Homosaurus, and Library of Congress Subject Headings; to extended information science research fields, such as digital preservation metadata standards, biodiversity taxonomies, and ontologies. Currently, the models and practices for documenting changes in KOSs fall short in supporting even simple provenance queries like “who made the change?”“what are the reasons for the change?”or“when was the change made?” The panelists will collectively discuss examples of queries we have faced, as well as the implications for provenance for KOS research and practice.This panel is sponsored by Classification & Metadata Research Special Interest Group (SIG‐CMR).
The Evolving Role of Information Professionals in Navigating Places, Spaces, and Nurturing New Discourses in the In‐Between
Authors: Meyer Anika , Holmner Marlene , Rorissa Abebe , Fourie Ina , Alemneh Daniel , Hartel Jenna
Published: October 2024

Information professionals are at the forefront of navigating the intricacies of shifting landscapes of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0, such as physical places, digital domains, and transitional zones in between, where boundaries blur and new discourses emerge. They are expected to extend their expertise into new domains and enrich their professional practice to better meet the evolving needs of their users. Third Space theory reported in Kuhlthau's work on guided inquiry and information literacy offers a framework, that creates an “in‐between” space, which allows personal experience to merge with professional information and encounters to help information professionals expand beyond their traditional domain expertise. These spaces promote the bridging of theory and practice, the navigation of ethical boundaries, access to multi‐perspective discourse, engagement in active listening, adjustment to evolving technologies, and facilitation of innovative methods. Creating in‐between spaces that promote conversations, interaction, information flow, and access is critical to navigating the intricacies. This interactive panel will explore how information professionals may use Third Space as a framework to offer a new way of thinking and addressing complex societal challenges while prioritizing human values, needs, and well‐being.
Emphasizing the Social in Sociotechnical Approaches to the Digital Curation of Visual Information
Authors: Wagner Travis L. , Lischer‐Katz Zack , Hodges James A , Van Hyning Victoria , Jones Mace A. , Acker Amelia
Published: October 2024

This panel explores the unique challenges and opportunities presented by the expanded sociotechnical practices associated with the preservation, curation, and use of visual information and ongoing perceptions of the affordances and constraints associated with new and emerging visual information objects. The panelists and the respondent work with the curation and preservation of visual information across a variety of research areas and utilize both qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the parallel and divergent sociotechnical challenges of curating visual information across analog, digitized, and born‐digital contexts. Sites of analysis range from format‐specific identity‐representation issues to the cultural practices of media archivists, translational challenges when moving complex scientific data across various digital and analog formats, and the role of accessibility in the design and deployment of discovery systems within cultural heritage institutions. Responding to the unique and intersecting challenges produced by working with visual information across various archival and digital curation contexts, the panelist will reflect on the practical and theoretical outcomes from ongoing research projects and identify persistent and emergent issues within the digital curation of visual information.
Centering Care and Kindness: Mentoring Ph.D. Students in Tumultuous Times
Authors: Bossallar Jenny , Charbonneau Deborah , Dali Keren , Hartel Jenna , Senteio Charles R.
Published: October 2024

Featuring presenters from the U.S. and Canada, participants of this alternative event will engage in discussion about mentoring principles of and approaches to working Ph.D. students that help them balance their busy lives with the stress of research and studying and create an inclusive environment in academia. The session will open with a series of lightning talks whereby the presenters will highlight select aspects of the topic, stressing the notions of care, compassion, kindness, and empathy in successful supervision and mentoring. Subsequently, the presenters will engage the audience in a series of interactive activities that will help attendees to learn specific mentoring techniques that can later be applied in their own work with Ph.D. students.
Secret Information Needs & Practices of LGBTQ+ Young Adults
Authors: Behre Jane
Published: October 2024

Young adults have been shown to prefer online sources when searching for information about sensitive topics, such as sexual health (Baker et al., 2020; Buhi et al., 2009). This is especially true for LGBTQ+ young adults, who may want to keep potentially sensitive information needs about their sexuality or gender identity a secret as they explore their identity, or because they may need to for safety reasons (Delmonaco & Haimson, 2022; Kitzie, 2019). This pilot survey study aimed to explore what types of information needs LGBTQ+ young adults may keep secret from the people in their lives, at what age they had their first secret information need, what skills helped them to fulfill their secret information needs, and which skills/resources they would have liked to have when trying to address their secret information needs. Preliminary results suggest that topics relating to health and participants' LGBTQ+ identities were more likely to be kept secret than other everyday life information needs.
Multi‐Dimensional Knowledge System and Ontology Construction of Qi Culture from the Meme Perspective
Authors: Cao Ruye , Cao Shujin
Published: October 2024

This paper deconstructs the profound context of Qi Culture from the perspective of Meme and constructs a structured and systematic knowledge description framework. It is useful for exploring the core values and promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of Qi Culture. The research process involves collecting user discussions and research data about Qi Culture from multiple sources, and then using the BERTopic model and qualitative analysis methods to obtain diverse examples of Qi cultural elements. Afterwards, from the Meme perspective, Qi cultural memes are extracted to construct a domain ontology, thereby achieving multi‐dimensional semantic knowledge description of Qi Culture. This study helps to reveal the core elements of culture and their relationships, and will provide strong theoretical support for the integration and utilization of cultural resources.
Re‐Centering Academics' Needs in Societal Impact Work: Exploring the Influence of Professional Staff Information Behaviors on University Practices
Authors: Cattlin Joann , Given Lisa M.
Published: October 2024

Universities now focus on the societal impact of research, yet there is a disconnect between the information environment and the needs of academics undertaking impact‐related work. While universities acknowledge that undertaking research designed for societal impact requires changes to research culture and practices, the information and support provided do not reflect the complexity of that work. Professional staff mediate information from various sources, such as government policies, university strategies, funders' requirements, and academics' needs; however, the effectiveness and appropriateness of support provided is understudied. This qualitative study explores the information behaviors of professional staff developing and facilitating academics' engagement in impact work. It finds that while professional staff undertook iterative processes of self‐informing, mediation, and information use to support impact work, their privileging of institutional and external influences, ahead of academics' needs, creates a disconnect between services provided and what academics need. This study increases awareness of the influence of professional staff's information behaviors on impact supports, which can inform academic‐centered, responsive approaches to support contextualized, personalized and responsive information services in universities.
Reflective and Formative Indicators of Information Credibility on Social Media
Authors: Choi Wonchan , Zhu Liya , Lee Hyun Seung
Published: October 2024

As part of a larger project to develop a scale for measuring web credibility perceptions, this poster reports on preliminary findings of a literature analysis to identify reflective and formative indicators of information credibility on social media. Of 90 papers found by a systematic database search and screening, this poster examines 20 papers focused on information credibility on microblogs (e.g., Twitter, Weibo) as a popular source for online users' information seeking. Our analysis identified 22 reflective indicators (e.g., fair, accurate) and 31 formative indicators (e.g., reputable, attractive), eight (e.g., trustworthy, unbiased) of which overlapped. Given the intertwined, often blurred border between these two sets of items, the coding scheme developed in the present study can help determine the relevance and type of the items. Future research directions are discussed.
Librarians' AI Literacy
Authors: Deshen Mor , Noa Aharony
Published: October 2024

Generative Artificial intelligence (GenAI) chatbots, e.g., ChatGPT, are emerging and gradually becoming pivotal tools in various domains, including libraries. Accordingly, AI literacy definitions, skills, and measures are developed. This research aims to delve into the various factors that are associated with librarians' AI literacy. The study measures included the AI literacy Scale and four sub‐scales of AI Device Usage Acceptance (AIDUA): social influence, hedonic motivation, willingness to accept AI usage, and positive emotions toward AI. 107 librarians answered an online questionnaire. Findings reveal that librarians with high AI technology acceptance, which includes social influence, hedonic motivation, willingness to use AI, and positive emotions towards AI, tend to have higher AI literacy, suggesting that these factors can be utilized to promote librarians' AI literacy.
Bridging the Digital Divide: Enhancing Literacy and Inclusivity through DELP
Authors: Grady Siobahn , Lawson Christopher , Walker Patrice
Published: October 2024

North Carolina Central University (NCCU) is dedicated to addressing the pervasive issues of digital inequality prevalent in Durham's underserved anchor communities through the Digital Equity Leadership Program (DELP) and NCCU's School of Library and Information Sciences (SLIS). DELP offers a holistic approach as its activities and initiatives encompass workforce development, technological access, and digital literacy training, leveraging its partnerships with local organizations. DELP fortifies communities through its holistic initiatives and adopts an innovative approach to fostering long‐term community resilience and adaptability in an ever‐growing digitized economy. DELP amplifies capacity building through multifaceted employability and economic growth approaches, laying the groundwork for a more equitable and sustainable future. DELP's core activities expose our community members to skills that support their financial, economic, health, and digital equity. By bringing together program partners and our resources, capabilities, and expertise in digital literacy, innovative remedies were created to reach deeper into the surrounding communities.
Black Informational Past: History, Data, and Archives of Chicago's ‘New Negro’ Wonder books
Authors: Gray LaVerne , Shoshani Alex , O'Leary Kayla
Published: October 2024

In 1927, an organized group of Black college and graduate students from the Washington Intercollegiate Club of Chicago compiled a rich informational reference text reflecting the mosaic of Black life in Chicago, IL, USA. This effort resulted in the publication of two editions of the Intercollegian Wonder Book in 1927 and 1929. These books are reflective of the New Negro movement and cultural renaissance of the Black urban population in the early 20th Century. Our project examines the influence of the Wonder Books through methods that express the layered informational context of a Black community. The poster reflects the iterative development of a phased descriptive, archival, data and visual analysis of an historic Black Community. such as citation tracking, genealogical research of individual members, and analysis of data usage by the club's active students.
The Carceral State: Implications for Information and Technology Research and Practice
Authors: Hultman Samuel , Salimy Arian , Serrano Uriel , Crooks Roderic
Published: October 2024

This systematic literature review synthesizes published sources from the ASIS&T Digital Library and the ACM Digital Library to develop a definition of the carceral state and to show how the term has been used in contemporary technology‐focused research. The carceral state concept has been adopted and applied widely in multiple areas of social scientific research to refer to the formal institutions of the criminal justice system proper and other social arrangements, ideologies, practices, and technologies that punish, surveil, and contain populations. Our review reveals a recent and increasing engagement with the carceral state in the collections surveyed. Encouraged by this increasing attention, this review is an attempt to introduce the carceral state as a guiding framework for tech‐society research and to consider implications for advancing responsibility, reflexivity, and care in the creation and evaluation of information systems, programs, and services.
Investigating Strategies for Inclusive Public Library Makerspace for Youth with Disabilities: A Case Study
Authors: Jung Yong Ju , Munyao Moses , Abbas June
Published: October 2024

Public library makerspaces aim to serve diverse groups of populations, but research on how to facilitate the participation of youth with disabilities is very limited. This study presents a case study of an exemplary public library that offers various activities and programming in its makerspaces for youth with disabilities. Our analysis shows different strategies used from the preparation step to reaching out and targeted programming in this case.
Twitter as Knowledge Commons: What Twitter Users Think and Do About Managing Misinformation Issues
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Sun , Joanna Sin Sei‐Ching
Published: October 2024

Based on the Governing Knowledge Commons framework, this study examines what users do and think about managing misinformation issues in the Twitter community, and how these are affected by user characteristics. Undergraduates from a public university in the US participated in the study (n = 464) by completing an online survey. Findings shed light on how Twitter community members tackle misinformation issues and inform policies and system designs to support the members' actions and preferences.
Competing for Trust: How Initiative and Repetition of Exposure Influence Information Credibility
Authors: Ma Derick Chungcheh , Curebal Faruk , Ardhi Dimaz Cahya , Sari Dwi Puspita
Published: October 2024

Modern democracy often requires citizens to engage in policy debates demanding multidisciplinary knowledge. This can lead to a cognitive gap that urges citizens to seek information for decision‐making on unfamiliar policy issues. The credibility of this information is crucial, as it shapes individual perceptions and attitudes, which aggregate as public opinions. To deepen the understanding of information credibility, this study proposes an experiment leveraging theories of the continued influence effect and the illusory truth effect to answer how initiative and repetition of exposure influence the evaluation of information credibility. 1,400 participants will be recruited and requested to rate the credibility of opposing arguments regarding a fictitious referendum provided with varying orders and numbers. The result is expected to show a positive causality between exposure initiative, information repetition, and information credibility. The findings will aid in promoting well‐informed democratic deliberation in an era of political polarization.
Exploring the Impact of Nudges on Volunteer Task Choices in Cultural Heritage Crowdsourcing: An Eye‐Tracking Experiment
Authors: Pu Zhengtong , Sun Haoyuan , Zhang Xuanhui , Zhang Weijia
Published: October 2024

In cultural heritage crowdsourcing, imbalanced volunteer task choices can impact project completion rate and sustainability. Nudges offer a way to alleviate this imbalance. This paper proposes three nudges: task order, visual saliency, and feedback based on dual‐process theory. We conducted a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment incorporating eye‐tracking research methods to investigate how these nudges affect volunteer task choices. The results demonstrate a significant positive impact of visual saliency. While task order and feedback did not demonstrate significant effects, eye‐tracking results reveal that they effectively captured participants' attention. Our findings suggest that designing platforms with nudges could address the issue of imbalanced task choices in cultural heritage crowdsourcing projects.
The Impact of Ancient Book Image Quality on Cultural Heritage Crowdsourcing Correction Tasks: A Human Error Theory Perspective
Authors: Sun Haoyuan , Pu Zhengtong , Zhang Xuanhui , Zhang Weijia
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of ancient book image quality on the accuracy of cultural heritage crowdsourcing correction tasks. The study processed 27 pictures from an ancient book to adjust their quality in terms of clarity, seal coverage and background color. Based on human error theory, the study divided common errors made by participants in correction tasks into slips and mistakes, and analyzed the impact of different image qualities on these errors. The experiment was conducted using an online experiment platform, with 25 participants each completing 6 tasks related to clarity, seal coverage, and background color. The results show that the clarity of ancient book images significantly affects the number of rectifications and mistakes in the tasks. Different degrees of seal coverage significantly impact the number of rectifications and slips, while the background color of the images mainly affects the number of mistakes.
BookTok Community Building: Dissecting Fangirl Behavior on TikTok
Authors: Teel Zoë Abigail , Lund Brady
Published: October 2024

This poster explores how BookTok, a social media community on TikTok focused on literature, builds a community among an audience of primarily female readers, sometimes called “fangirls.” The researchers analyzed comments on popular BookTok videos, finding that emotional responses, generic comments, and seeking interaction with other viewers were most prevalent. BookTok discussions prioritize shared experiences and emotional connection over critical analysis, creating a welcoming space for readers of all ages. This research suggests that BookTok functions similarly to traditional book clubs, offering a platform for community building and potentially boosting reading engagement and offers possibilities for engagement for libraries and educators.
Prompting Responses through Linguistic Cues: A Comparison of User and Chatbot Support for Consumers' Questions
Authors: Wu Qian
Published: October 2024

When interacting with chatbots, questioning is the starting point of the conversations. A well‐phrased question can elicit desired responses and enhance information‐seeking efficiency. Specifically, consumers can use various linguistic cues (e.g., emotional expressiveness) to phrase questions and shape responses. However, research on how to effectively phrase questions for chatbots was limited. This study focuses on consumers' questions for chatbots, examining how various linguistic cues (e.g., emotional expressiveness) influence responses. Further, it compares responses generated by community users and chatbots. Preliminary results showed that askers' self‐disclosure attracted emotional support from chatbots. Chatbots demonstrated higher expertise in responses to high‐specificity questions and produced more analytical and unified responses. In contrast, user‐generated responses were perceived with higher authenticity. This research underscores the role of question cues prompting chatbot‐generated responses and illustrates the strengths and limits of chatbot‐generated responses. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in the final section.
Factors Influencing University Students' AI Use and Knowledge Acquisition
Authors: Yin Stella Xin , Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian
Published: October 2024

Despite the growing emphasis on artificial intelligence (AI) education, there is relatively little research on the motivational factors that influence students' intention regarding AI knowledge acquisition and the utilization of AI applications. Understanding these factors helps educators and researchers to develop appropriate interventions to promote AI education. Guided by expectancy‐value theory and theory of planned behavior, we examined how university students' beliefs influenced their motivation to learn about and engage with AI technologies. Our findings demonstrated the significant role of expectancy‐value beliefs in shaping students' behavioral intention. Additionally, we identified gender differences, which can inform educators in designing gender‐specific interventions to enhance female students' motivation in AI learning.
The Knowledge Creation Capability of Female Scientists is Neck and Neck with Male Scientists
Authors: Zheng Bili , Hou Jianhua
Published: October 2024

Drawing on knowledge creation capability in the Science of Science, this paper aims to determine scientists' knowledge creation capability (KCC) and figure out whether there is any gender gap in that. We construct a career matrix to compute KCC of scientists in Economics, Astronomy, and Computer Science each year, from the perspective of knowledge source and diffusion. We find that male scientists' KCC is not significantly different from that of female scientists, and the two groups of scientists have the same KCC distribution. In the first 10 years of their academic careers, female scientists have higher KCC than male scientists but have lower KCC in the 15 to 40 years. After controlling a series of confounders, it's found that female scientists have higher KCC than male scientists, even though there is not much of a difference in KCC. The results remain the same after we perform a robustness check.
Microwave Ignition of Thermites
Authors: Lajoie Justin , Jones Brock , Lawrence Adam , Barkley Stuart , Sippel Travis
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the microwave ignition behavior of a range of thermites of aluminum, boron, titanium, and tantalum fuels with oxides of Bi2O3, CuO, and Fe2O3. In order to gain insight into the modes of energy transfer leading to ignition, thermites are heated in either a purely electric or magnetic field environment within a single‐mode 2.45 GHz resonant cavity with electric field strengths of 40 to 110 kV/m and magnetic field strengths of 22 to 258 A/m. Thermite stoichiometry is varied as well as particle size and thermite mass. The shortest ignition delays in electric and magnetic fields were found to be 1.37 s (nAl and CuO) and 0.87 s (nAl and CuO), respectively. The use of a variety of carbon susceptors to shorten ignition delay is also studied. Carbon susceptors are found to appreciably shorten ignition delays to as short as 140 and 170 ms for the E and B field respectively (nAl and CuO with multiwalled carbon nanotubes). The results of this work are informative on thermite component choice and the preferred mechanism (electric vs magnetic field) of heating for various thermite compositions for consideration of the increasingly popular ignition via electromagnetic fields.
Crucial role of a takeout protein in white‐backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) orientation towards its host rice plants
Authors: He Ming , Long Gui‐Jun , Feng Hong‐Yan , Zhao Ya‐Qin , Zhou Yang‐Yuntao , Zhang Meng‐Qi , Ma Yun‐Feng , Gong Lang‐Lang , Hull J. Joe , Zotti Moises J. , Dewer Youssef , He Peng , Smagghe Guy
Published: October 2024

The takeout (TO) gene family impacts diverse physiological and behavioral functions in insects, yet specific olfactory‐associated roles for the family have yet to be fully elucidated. To provide insights into TO function in rice planthoppers, the genomes of three rice planthoppers (white‐backed planthopper, brown planthopper and small brown planthopper) were searched for TO homologs and their degree of conservation assessed via chromosomal localization, exon–intron boundaries, phylogenetic relationships and protein domains/motifs. We performed a tissue‐specific expression analysis of the 20 TO genes in the white‐backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) and found that SfTO17 is enriched in adult antennae. RNAi‐mediated knockdown of SfTO17 impaired WBPH olfaction and reduced host‐seeking responses following exposure to rice plants. The binding profile of β‐ionone, hexyl benzoate and benzyl benzoate with recombinant SfTO17 was evaluated via competitive fluorescence binding assays. Conformational prediction of SfTO17 coupled with molecular docking analyses revealed several amino acid residues potentially critical for odorant binding. This study demonstrates the olfactory function of SfTO17 in WBPH and highlights its potential as a target for controlling this rice pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Revealing Intrinsic Functionalization, Structure, and Photo‐Thermal Oxidation in Hexagonal Antimonene
Authors: Alcaraz Marta , Fickert Michael , Dolle Christian , Changarath Mahesh Eledath , Sánchez‐Royo Juan F. , Eggeler Yolita M. , Abellán Gonzalo
Published: October 2024

Antimonene is one of the more exciting members of the post‐graphene family with promising applications in optoelectronics, energy storage and conversion, catalysis, sensing or biomedicine. Efforts have been focused on developing a large‐scale production route, and indeed, through a colloidal approach, high‐quality few‐layers antimonene (FLA) hexagons have been recently obtained. However, their oxidation behavior remains unexplored, as well as their interface, inner structure, and photothermal properties. Herein, it is revealed that the hexagons have an intrinsic surface functionalization with alkyl thiols that protects the core of the hexagonal flake against oxidation, and displayed inner defects related to the crystal formation during synthesis, as confirmed by cross‐sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (STEM‐EDX) and temperature‐dependent X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis. A comprehensive study of temperature and laser power‐dependent Raman spectroscopy on varying FLA hexagon thicknesses is carried out. Thinner flakes (<20 nm) exhibited a blueshift and intensity decrease, contrasting with thicker ones resembling typical exfoliated flakes with a redshift. This work addresses a literature gap, providing insights into hexagonal FLA structure and characterization, and highlighting the influence of surface functional groups on oxidation behavior. Additionally, it emphasizes the potential of antimonene hexagons as building blocks for 2D heterostructures, including combinations with antimonene oxides and other 2D materials.
Microstructure and Precipitation of a Cu–Ni Alloyed Medium‐Mn Duplex Low‐Density Steel Prepared by Near‐Rapid Solidification
Authors: Liu Mingxiang , Liu Song , Song Changjiang
Published: October 2024

A Cu–Ni‐alloyed medium‐Mn duplex low‐density steel with a composition of Fe–9Mn–5.5Al–0.3C–3Ni–1.5Cu (wt%) is prepared by near‐rapid solidification. The microstructure features of the alloy under as‐cast, cold‐rolling, and heat treatments are studied. The effect of Cu‐ and Ni‐alloying elements on the microstructure and precipitates is discussed. In the results, it is shown that martensite and nanoscale precipitates are found in the microstructure of near‐rapid solidification. The enrichment of Cu is found at the phase boundaries of austenite and ferrite. A large number of annealing twins are present in the microstructure of cold‐rolled and annealed alloy. In the first principles and thermodynamic calculations, it is shown that Ni element is capable to shorten the nucleation incubation time of Cu precipitates. In addition, the interface segregation of Ni and Al elements reduces the adhesion work of Cu particles with the matrix. Both Cu and Ni elements increase the stacking fault energy of the alloy, which is increased from 37.3 to 44.2 mJ m−2. The contributions of precipitation strengthening and twinning strengthening to the strength of the alloy are 72 and 86 MPa, respectively, while the dominant contribution of dislocation hardening to the strength is 326 MPa.
Fresh tilapia fish skin graft treatment of severe skin burns in a cat
Authors: de Witt Anika A. , Bester Elizabeth G.
Published: October 2024

An entire female cat presented with extensive third‐degree burns covering greater than 30% of total body surface. The wound was cleaned and debrided with daily dressing management to heal with second intention. Dressing applied included honey‐based product, L‐Mesitran Ointment, and silver alginate dressing, Askina Calgitrol Thin, until healthy granulation tissue had formed. Fresh tilapia skin grafts were harvested and prepared and secured onto the wound bed. Daily lavage and graft evaluation occurred, and subsequently the skin grafts were removed on Day 13 and Day 7, respectively. Wound healing was observed without any complications or adverse side effects. In conclusion, the use of fresh tilapia skin grafts proves to be a safe, innovative, low‐cost, and effective therapeutic and promising option in treatment of challenging skin burn wounds. Tilapia fish skin grafts resulted in a clinically favourable outcome in a cat with extensive third‐degree burn wounds.