bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Reinforcement on Tensile Characteristics in AA 5052 with ZrC and Fly Ash-Based Composites
Authors: Mallikarjuna K. , Harikeerthan M. K. , Shubhalakshmi B. S. , Vinay Kumar K. S. , Pratap Singh Ravindra , Srikanth Maddali , Krishna Srinivasa Subba Rao Y. , Kumar Suresh , Shata Aggegnenu Shara
Published: September 2022

Aluminum Alloy 5052/ZrC/fly ash composites’ tensile properties are changed by the addition of reinforcements and thermal exposure, according to this study. The precipitation hardening of samples manufactured with various weight percent of fly ash and zirconium carbide was employed to improve the properties under thermal circumstances. The tensile properties of reinforced and heat-treated specimens were studied in a series of scientifically-designed experiments. Tensile strength and yield strength rise up to 200°C, after which they begin to decrease slightly (i.e., 250°C) based on the results of the research. Adding reinforcements and exposing the composites to heat increases their elastic modulus which decreases the percentage of El of the composites substantially. Several factors contribute to composites’ increased strength and elastic modulus, the diffusion process, temperatures, and reinforcement composition. It is also possible to manufacture hybridized composite mechanisms for numerous automotive and aviation industries utilizing optimization studies, which interpolate the findings of several sets of parameters to make the process easier.
MicroRNA-641 Inhibits Endometrial Cancer Progression via Targeting AP1G1
Authors: Dong Yanfen , Yang He , Hua Handan
Published: September 2022

MicroRNA-641 (miR-641) was significantly decreased in various cancers, but its roles in endometrial cancer (EC) remain unclear. We explored the influences of miR-641 on the EC cells. In our study, the miR-641 expression was reduced in EC cells. Overexpression of miR-641 inhibited viability and proliferation of HEC-1A and HECCL-1 cells by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Additionally, flow cytometry revealed that overexpression of miR-641 could remarkably promote apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle at the G1 phase of HEC-1A and HECCL-1 cells. Besides, forced expression of miR-641 suppressed the migration and invasion of HEC-1A and HECCL-1 cells as evidenced by wound healing and transwell assay. Moreover, AP1G1 was confirmed as a target gene of miR-641 by StarBase prediction and DLR assay and their expressions were negatively correlated. Overexpression of AP1G1 neutralized the roles of miR-641 mimic on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of HEC-1A and HECCL-1 cells. Our findings illustrated that miR-641 was reduced in the EC cells and AP1G1 antagonized the miR-641 mimic-induced inhibition of the EC progression in vitro. Therefore, miR-641 may emerge as an effective molecule for EC treatment.
Interactive Knowledge Visualization Based on IoT and Augmented Reality
Authors: Sun Hanjie
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the integration value of information technology and education, it is mainly reflected in the container for storing and disseminating information, the problem is that learners lack the proper self-learning ability, and the author proposes an interactive knowledge visualization system based on the Internet of Things and augmented reality technology. According to the applicable characteristics of augmented reality technology applied to IoT data presentation and interaction, the method can analyze and describe its application possibility. In the design of interactive electronic technology computer-aided teaching system based on NET platform, the system hardware structure consists of user interface layer, business selection layer, and data management layer. Users such as teachers and students enter their identity information at the user interface layer to log in to the system and enter the business selection layer and click the corresponding program according to their application requirements, the service selection layer transmits the user’s selection instruction to the data management layer, and the data management layer selects the corresponding resources according to the user’s needs and feeds it back to the user. The interaction of the system is mainly reflected in interactive teaching and information interaction, and interactive teaching is reflected in the online teaching of teachers and students. Information interaction is embodied in the information transmission of the system information interaction model. Experimental results show that after applying the system, the number of students with high self-efficacy increased from 11 to 21 and the proportion increased from 21.4% to 34.8%. The system designed by the author has strong antipressure ability, can respond to the application instructions of a large number of users in real time, and has a good interactive teaching effect, which improves the self-efficacy of students.
Identification of Key Gene Targets for Periodontitis Treatment by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Jin Ying , Wang Ye , Lin Xiaoping
Published: September 2022

Background. Periodontitis is considered to be the leading cause of tooth loss in adults, and it interacts with some serious systemic diseases. Periodontal basic therapy is the cornerstone of periodontal disease treatment and long‐term maintenance and has a positive impact on the treatment of systemic diseases. Aim. To explore the potential gene targets of periodontitis therapies by bioinformatics method. Methods. We analyzed the expression database (GSE6751) downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to confirm the functional gene modules. Pathway enrichment network analyses the key genes in functional modules and verified the candidate genes from the samples in peripheral blood sources of GSE43525. Moreover, we confirmed the expression of target protein in the periodontal tissues of experimental periodontitis‐afflicted mice using western blotting. Results. The functional gene modules were found to have biological processes, and ARRB2, BIRC3, CD14, DYNLL1, FCER1G, FCGR1A, FCGR2B, FGR, HCK, and PRKCD were screened as candidates’ genes in functional modules. The 921 DEG from GSE43525 and 418 DEG is from the green module of GSE6751 and identified AMICA1, KDELR1, DHRS7B, LMNB1, CTSA, S100A12, and FCGR1A as target genes. Finally, FCGR1A (CD64) was confirmed as the key gene that affects periodontal treatment. Western blot analysis showed an increasing trend in the expression level of FCGR1A protein in the periodontal tissues of experimental periodontitis mice compared to normal mice. Conclusions. FCGR1A (CD64) may be a key gene target for periodontal therapy in patients with periodontitis and other systemic diseases.
The Efficacy of Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion and Posterior Total Laminectomy on Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and Quality of Life
Authors: Yin Yanlin , Yang Xinming , Tian Ye , Zhang Ying , Zhang Peinan , Jia Yongli , Yao Yao , Du Xiuyu , Li Tianmin , Li Xiaodong
Published: September 2022

This study is aimed at investigating the efficacy of anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion and posterior total laminectomy in the treatment of cervical spinal cord injury and assessing the impact of the two approaches on cervical spine function and patient quality of life. Retrospectively analyze the clinical data from 180 patients with cervical spinal cord injury who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from June 2019 to June 2021. The patients were divided into an anterior approach group (

n
=
89

, treated with anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion) and a posterior approach group (

n
=
91

, treated with posterior total laminectomy). The amount of blood loss in the posterior approach group was larger compared to the anterior approach group. Patients in the posterior approach group had higher wound diameters and operation times compared to the anterior approach group, as well as the operation cost. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of patients in the posterior approach group were significantly higher than in the anterior approach group one month after operation. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), neck disability index (NDI), and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores of patients in both groups at 1, 6, and 9 months after surgery were higher compared to those before surgery, yet no significant differences were observed between the two groups. Also, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of complication and the quality of life between the two groups before and after treatment. Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion and posterior total laminectomy can effectively restore the cervical nerve function in the treatment of cervical spinal cord injury. However, anterior subtotal vertebral resection is associated with improved perioperative indicators compared to posterior total laminectomy. Clinically, surgical methods can be selected according to imaging findings, the general condition of patients, and individual economic status.
Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban Combined with Statins in the Perioperative Period of Intracranial Aneurysms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hao Ming , Liu Rui , Yan Feiping , Luo Youcai
Published: September 2022

Objective. In order to verify the safety and effectiveness of tirofiban combined with statins in the perioperative period of intracranial aneurysms, this study adopts systematic review and meta-analysis, so as to comprehensively understand the situation of intracranial aneurysms in the perioperative period, and tirofiban combined with statins was finally determined as an effective treatment drug. Methods. This study used systematic retrospective analysis and selected 80 patients with intracranial aneurysms treated in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 as the research objects. Through conventional drugs and tirofiban combined with statins used in this study, the intracranial levels, the probability of aneurysm rupture, and postoperative complications of the two groups were observed and recorded. Results. The analysis of 80 patients with intracranial aneurysms showed that the influence of intracranial levels in the observation group was better than that in the reference group, the rupture of aneurysms in the observation group was lower than that in the reference group, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the reference group. Conclusion. Through simulation verification, it is concluded that tirofiban combined with statins is safe and effective in the perioperative application of intracranial aneurysms. This drug can improve vascular recanalization, reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular disease events, and reduce the incidence of rebleeding. Its therapeutic effect is worthy of wide clinical application and promotion.
Adaptive Classification Algorithm Design for Online Teaching Resources of Opera Singing
Authors: Xu Chuan
Published: September 2022

In the context of the integration of each professional course’s online education platform and teaching knowledge system, teaching resources are experiencing explosive growth, and classroom-based instruction is gradually being replaced by resource-based instruction. In the modern era, the optimization, integration, and efficient use of online teaching resources have become central concerns in education. In particular, the categorization and integration of resources have become the central focus of teaching work. The cognitive stratification theory classifies and orders the educational objectives in the cognitive domain in a scientific manner, which provides teachers with important ideas and foundations for implementing online and offline integrated teaching designs centered on the students’ skill acquisition. Adaptive classification algorithm is introduced to subdivide the objectives of online singing teaching resources, and on this basis, the online resources are classified and integrated according to the characteristics of different teaching sessions, thereby achieving the efficient use of resources, which is an innovative path of singing resources classification and integration in the new stage of online resources teaching.
[Retracted] Quantitative Evaluation and Optimal Decision‐Making Study on the Cultivation under the Environment of Humanistic Literacy Based on Advanced Data Analysis Technologies
Authors: Meng Shengru
Published: September 2022

As an important part of China’s higher education, higher vocational education occupies an extraordinarily important position in China’s higher education system. In order to clarify the literacy of higher vocational students, carry forward their excellent quality, and correct their bad habits, a quantitative evaluation and optimization decision‐making research on the cultivation of humanistic literacy of higher vocational students based on data mining technology is proposed. By using data mining technology, the important data of students can be obtained quickly; by using advantages of information integration, the cultivation of humanistic quality of higher vocational students is evaluated from a correct perspective; by strengthening the education of campus culture construction, students’ moral quality can be enhanced, students’ enthusiasm for learning can be mobilized, the advantages of new media’s public opinion orientation can be given full play, and a humanistic and healthy growth environment for vocational students can be created. Through experiments, it is proved that data mining can better evaluate the humanistic quality of students. During the learning process, the humanistic quality evaluation of female college students reaches 95%, and the overall quality of male and female gradually rises to 80%.
Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting—A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Rasel Md. Shamiul Islam , Mohona Farhana Afrin , Akter Wahida , Kabir Shaila , Chowdhury Abu Asad , Chowdhury Jakir Ahmed , Hassan Md. Abul , Al Mamun Abdullah , Ghose Dipayon Krisna , Ahmad Zubair , Khan Farhat S. , Bari Md. Fazlul , Rahman Md. Sohanur , Amran Md. Shah
Published: September 2022

Cancer has been one of the most dominant causes of mortality globally over the last few decades. In cancer treatment, the selective targeting of tumor cells is indispensable, making it a better replacement for conventional chemotherapies by diminishing their adverse side effects. While designing a drug to be delivered selectively in the target organ, the drug development scientists should focus on various factors such as the type of cancer they are dealing with according to which drug, targeting moieties, and pharmaceutical carriers should be targeted. All published articles have been collected regarding cancer and drug-targeting approaches from well reputed databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, and Springer. The articles published between January 2010 and December 2020 were considered. Due to the existence of various mechanisms, it is challenging to choose which one is appropriate for a specific case. Moreover, a combination of more than one approach is often utilized to achieve optimal drug effects. In this review, we have summarized and highlighted central mechanisms of how the targeted drug delivery system works in the specific diseased microenvironment, along with the strategies to make an approach more effective. We have also included some pictorial illustrations to have a precise idea about different types of drug targeting. The core contribution of this work includes providing a cancer drug development scientist with a broad preliminary idea to choose the appropriate approach among the various targeted drug delivery mechanisms. Also, the study will contribute to improving anticancer treatment approaches by providing a pathway for lesser side effects observed in conventional chemotherapeutic techniques.
A Retrospective Study of Chemotherapy and 3D-Image-Guided Afterloading Intracavitary Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Xiaojun , An Cunlian , Feng Chunlan , Sun Jieren , Lu Huixiang , Yang Xiaodong , Wang Kaiping , Wang Ruimei
Published: September 2022

Aim. To investigate the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Methods. Patients with cervical cancer admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021 were retrieved and analyzed. Cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy were assigned into the observation group (OG), while cases with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone were assigned into the control group (CG). The short-term effects were determined by RECIST 1.1. Total effective rate

TR

=
complete
 
remission
 

CR

+
partial
 
remission
 

PR

. The serum levels of squamous epithelial cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), glycoantigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed. In view of the difference between tumor markers and diameters before and after treatment, the correlation between them was analyzed by Pearson test. The adverse events were compared, and the amount of operative bleeding and operation time were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the influencing factors of 1-year disease-free survival time. Results. Sixty-seven patients were retrieved, including 30 cases in the OG and 37 cases in the CG. There were no significant differences in age, pathological type, tumor size, FIGO stage, past medical history, or smoking history between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The TR of patients in the OG was higher than that in the CG (

P
<
0.05

). The SCC-Ag, CA125, CEA, and VEGF levels in the OG decreased markedly after treatment (

P
<
0.001

). The difference in SCC-Ag, CA125, CEA, and VEGF was positively correlated with the difference in tumor diameter before and after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of adverse events revealed no obvious difference between the OG and CG (

P
>
0.05

). Cox regression analysis showed that FIGO stage and treatment regimens were independent prognostic factors for 1-year disease-free survival (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with 3D-image-guided afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy can improve the TR rate and 1-year disease-free survival of LACC patients without increasing the incidence of adverse events.
[Retracted] Innovation Clustering Analysis of Accurate Support Path for CSE under the Environment of Big Data
Authors: Hu Jianhai
Published: September 2022

Facing the severe employment situation and social environment, the employment of college students has become a very important issue. The big data analysis plays a positive role in entrepreneurship, which can not only improve the success rate of entrepreneurial path selection, but also accumulate a lot of innovative practical experience for college students. Based on the importance of big data technology for entrepreneurial path, this paper proposes an innovative model of accurate support path for college students’ entrepreneurship (CSE), in which the K‐means algorithm is applied to the analysis of entrepreneurial support path. Finally, this paper makes an experimental analysis on the model, and the results show that K‐means can greatly reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, and the precision, recall, and F parameter of the model can be effectively improved. The model is of great significance in improving the feasibility of college students’ entrepreneurial support policies.
The Human Spectrum: A Phenomenological Enquiry within Neurodiversity
Authors: Murray Dinah , Milton Damian , Green Jonathan , Bervoets Jo
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Autism has typically been characterized by its external manifestations rather than experienced phenomenology, with consequent impacts on both research and practice. There have recently been increasing calls for more phenomenological enquiry in autism, but little actual work reported. Method: A shared participatory phenomenological self-investigation was conducted, by the four authors, of lived experience across the autistic/non-autistic divide. The sample size was chosen as necessary for the feasibility and acceptability to participants of such work in this context. Roles of “researcher” and “interviewee” were purposefully alternated between participants to establish trust and reciprocity. Initial phenomenological reduction or bracketing was applied to the description and recording of each participant’s intimate lived experience in a number of key domains across social relationships, the physical environment, development, and in adult life. These experiences were shared within dialogue to open them to investigation and questioning from the others, with alternating interviewer and respondent roles. A third step synthesized these shared observations across individuals into themes of continuity and difference. Results: A number of emergent themes, such as the need for trust and reliability, and the impact of context on regulation of emotion, sociability, and empathy, showed striking commonalities between all participants. Other themes, such as primary sensory experience and social joining, pointed up more clear differences between autism and non-autism in development and the adult world. Themes of interest-focus and attention were marked by both commonalities and difference. Conclusions: This shared phenomenological method was taken as a first step within a new area of active investigation in autistic phenomenology. It proved successful in eliciting detailed information on self-experience. The results suggested hypotheses for a new understanding of autism within the wider “human” spectrum of experience; for instance, the common basic need for trust and social connection but striking differences in sensory experience. It suggested that some characteristics long thought intrinsic to autism, such as social mis-perception and reduced empathy, may be alternatively understood as state-dependent outcomes contingent on specific contexts and interactions. Implications are suggested for testing in further research, developmental theory, and intervention practice.
Early Discontinuation of Levothyroxine Treatment Is Safe and Feasible in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants with Delayed Hyperthyrotropinemia
Authors: Kim Ji Sook , Chang Yun Sil , Ahn So Yoon , Sung Se In , Yang Mi Sun , Park Won Soon
Published: September 2022

Background: While recent pieces of evidence suggest that discontinuation of levothyroxine replacement therapy (LRT) earlier than the current guidelines of 3 years is possible, the optimal duration of LRT for delayed hyperthyrotropinemia in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) remains unknown. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of early discontinuation of LRT for delayed hyperthyrotropinemia in ELBWIs. Methods: The medical records of 92 ELBWIs who had shown delayed hyperthyrotropinemia, defined as a delayed rise in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to >20 µIU/mL after initial normal TSH level, were retrospectively reviewed to determine whether the duration of LRT affects the short-term outcomes at discharge from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the long-term outcomes at the corrected age (CA) of 2 years. The infants were grouped into: no LRT required group (n = 21), short-term LRT given until the time of NICU discharge – 90 ± 64 (13–211) days group (n = 36), and long-term LRT given – 749 ± 333 (339–1,967) days group (n = 35). Results: While mortality in the no LRT required group was significantly higher than that in the long-term LRT group, no significant differences were observed in short-term outcomes at discharge from NICU and long-term growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes at CA of 2 years between the short- and long-term LRT groups. Conclusions: Termination of LRT at around the time of discharge from NICU in well, clinically stable ELBWIs who have delayed hyperthyrotropinemia appears to be safe and feasible and avoids the risk of overtreatment.
The k-Nearest Neighbor modelling by varying Mahalanobis and Correlation in distance metric for agarwood oil quality classification
Authors: Jainalabidin Noor Syafina Mahamad , Mohd Amidon Aqib Fawwaz , Ismail Nurlaila , Mohd  Yusoff Zakiah , Tajuddin Saiful Nizam , Taib Mohd Nasir
Published: September 2022

Agarwood oil is well known for its unique scent and has many usages; as an incense, as ingredient in perfume, is burnt during religious ceremonies and is used in traditional medical preparation. Therefore, agarwood oil has high demand and is traded at different price based on its quality. Basically, the oil quality is classified by using physical properties (odor and color) and this technique has several problems: not consistent in term of accuracy. Thus, this study presented a new technique to classify the quality of agarwood oil based on chemical properties. The work focused on the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) modelling by varying Mahalanobis and Correlation in distance metric for agarwood oil quality classification. It involved of 96 samples of agarwood oil, data pre-processing (data randomization, data normalization, and data division to testing and training datasets) and the development of k-NN model. The training dataset is used to train the k-NN model, and the testing dataset is used to test the developed model. During the model development, Mahalanobis and Correlation are varied in k-NN distance metric. The k-NN values are ranging from 1 to 10. Several performance criteria including resubstitution error (closs), cross-validation error (kloss) and accuracy were applied to measure the performance of the built k-NN model. All the analytical work was performed via MATLAB software version R2020a. The result showed that the accuracy of Mahalanobis distance metric has a better performance compared to Correlation from k=1 to k=5 with the value of 100.00%. This finding is important as it proved the capabilities of k-NN modelling in classifying the agarwood oil quality. Not limited to that, it also contributed to the agarwood oil research area as well as its industry.
Bibliometric analysis of SCAMPER strategy over the past 20 years
Authors: Ariyani Yusinta Dwi , Wilujeng Insih , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to explore the publication trends of substitute, combine, adapt, modify, put to another use, eliminate, and rearrange (SCAMPER) research over the past 20 years. The method used to explore the research trends was literature review through bibliometric analysis. The results of the bibliometric analysis identify core research or authors, as well as their relationship, by covering all the publications related to a given topic or field. The publication related to SCAMPER from 2000 to 2020 was retrieved from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus. The research trends of SCAMPER were visualized using the VOSviewer program. The results showed that the research trend of SCAMPER has continually increased over the past 20 years, especially in the last five years. A network analysis based on the co-occurrence of keywords showed the main keyword study was creative thinking. Based on the analysis of the field of study, SCAMPER has been widely studied in science. Only a few have been studied in engineering, architecture, sports, social studies, management, mathematics, psychology, and health. The benefit of this research can illustrate the extent to which SCAMPER strategies have been applied to develop 21st-century skills.
Preventive Effect of Berberine on Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Yang , Jiang Hui , Tao Dengshun , Zhao Keyan , Yin Zongtao , Han Jinsong , Xin Fangran , Jin Yan , Wang Huishan
Published: September 2022

Background:

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of the most common complications of cardiac surgery, but the underlying factors governing POAF are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of berberine administration on POAF.

Methods:

We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting in China to study the impact of oral berberine on the incidence of POAF. A total of 200 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were randomized into the berberine group (n=100) and the placebo group (n=100). All patients underwent 7-day continuous telemetry and Holter monitoring.

Results:

The primary outcome was the incidence of POAF at 7 days. Secondary outcomes included clinical outcomes, POAF burden, intestinal endotoxin, and serum inflammatory biomarker levels. The POAF incidence was reduced from 35% to 20% under berberine treatment (hazard ratio, 0.5 [95% CI, 0.29–0.78];
P
=0.0143). Perioperative mortality and morbidity did not differ between the 2 groups. POAF burden and the dose of amiodarone were significantly reduced in the berberine group. Oral berberine significantly decreased lipopolysaccharide, CRP (C-reactive protein), and IL (interleukin)-6 levels. Elevated lipopolysaccharide after surgery has been associated with POAF.

Conclusions:

Our results showed that administration of berberine may be effective for reducing the occurrence of POAF after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.chictr.org.cn
; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000028839.
Rosa machailensis (Rosaceae), a new species from Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: SINGH KANWALJEET , SINGH HARSH , SHARMA YASH PAL , GAIROLA SUMEET
Published: September 2022

The new species Rosa machailensis from Paddar subdivision of Jammu &Kashmir is described and illustrated. It is closely allied to Rosa moschata but differs in having acute leaflet, densely glandular margins and long auriculate stipules, broad prickle base, emarginate, mucronate and incised petals, small size of hips (pseudo fruit), thick exine of pollen and broad grooves on exine surface.
Seamless Lightning Nowcasting with Recurrent-Convolutional Deep Learning
Authors: Leinonen Jussi , Hamann Ulrich , Germann Urs
Published: September 2022

A deep learning model is presented to nowcast the occurrence of lightning at a 5-min time resolution 60 min into the future. The model is based on a recurrent-convolutional architecture that allows it to recognize and predict the spatiotemporal development of convection, including the motion, growth and decay of thunderstorm cells. The predictions are performed on a stationary grid, without the use of storm object detection and tracking. The input data, collected from an area in and surrounding Switzerland, comprise ground-based radar data, visible/infrared satellite data and derived cloud products, lightning detection, numerical weather prediction, and digital elevation model data. We analyze different alternative loss functions, class weighting strategies and model features, providing guidelines for future studies to select loss functions optimally and to properly calibrate the probabilistic predictions of their model. On the basis of these analyses, we use focal loss in this study but conclude that it only provides a small benefit over cross entropy, which is a viable option if recalibration of the model is not practical. The model achieves a pixelwise critical success index (CSI) of 0.45 to predict lightning occurrence within 8 km over the 60-min nowcast period, ranging from a CSI of 0.75 at a 5-min lead time to a CSI of 0.32 at a 60-min lead time.

Significance Statement

We have developed a method based on artificial intelligence to forecast the occurrence of lightning at 5-min intervals within the next hour from the forecast time. The method utilizes a neural network that learns to predict lightning from a set of training images containing lightning detection data, weather radar observations, satellite imagery, weather forecasts, and elevation data. We find that the network is able to predict the motion, growth, and decay of lightning-producing thunderstorms and that, when properly tuned, it can accurately determine the probability of lightning occurring. This is expected to permit more informed decisions to be made about short-term lightning risks in fields such as civil protection, electricity-grid management, and aviation.
The Copernicus Climate Change Service: Climate Science in Action
Authors: Buontempo Carlo , Burgess Samantha N. , Dee Dick , Pinty Bernard , Thépaut Jean-Noël , Rixen Michel , Almond Samuel , Armstrong David , Brookshaw Anca , Alos Angel Lopez , Bell Bill , Bergeron Cedric , Cagnazzo Chiara , Comyn-Platt Edward , Damasio-Da-Costa Eduardo , Guillory Anabelle , Hersbach Hans , Horányi András , Nicolas Julien , Obregon Andre , Ramos Eduardo Penabad , Raoult Baudouin , Muñoz-Sabater Joaquín , Simmons Adrian , Soci Cornel , Suttie Martin , Vamborg Freja , Varndell James , Vermoote Stijn , Yang Xiaobo , Garcés de Marcilla Juan
Published: September 2022

The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) provides open and free access to state-of-the-art climate data and tools for use by governments, public authorities, and private entities around the world. It is fully funded by the European Union and implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) together with public and private entities in Europe and elsewhere. With over 120,000 registered users worldwide, C3S has rapidly become an authoritative climate service in Europe and beyond, delivering quality-assured climate data and information based on the latest science. Established in 2014, C3S became fully operational in 2018 with the launch of its Climate Data Store, a powerful cloud-based infrastructure providing access to a vast range of global and regional information, including climate data records derived from observations, the latest ECMWF reanalyses, seasonal forecast data from multiple providers, and a large collection of climate projections. The system has been designed to be accessible to nonspecialists, offering a uniform interface to all data and documentation as well as a Python-based toolbox that can be used to process and use the data online. C3S publishes European State of the Climate reports annually for policy-makers, as well as monthly and annual summaries that are widely disseminated in the international press. Together with users, C3S develops customized indicators of climate impacts in economic sectors such as energy, water management, agriculture, insurance, health, and urban planning. C3S works closely with national climate service providers, satellite agencies, and other stakeholders on the improvement of its data and services.
The Role of Fatigue in a Campus COVID-19 Safety Behaviors Campaign
Authors: Shen Lijiang , Price Dillard James , Tian Xi , Cruz Shannon , Smith Rachel A.
Published: September 2022

Message fatigue is the aversive motivational state that results from excessive exposure to campaign messages or similar information over an extended period of time. When fatigued, individuals become less attentive, less responsive, and more resistant to campaign messages and related information. Thus, understanding the bases and functioning of fatigue in persuasive health campaigns has obvious value. Despite considerable interest in this important topic, major questions remain under-studied. One such question hinges on the observation that campaigns are implemented in social systems, not laboratories. Apart from any direct effects that a campaign might produce, there is the potential for secondary exposure via individuals or other media that can yield distinct influences. How do these multiple sources work together to influence fatigue? Second, as explicated, message fatigue is the consequence of repeated exposure to campaign messages over time. With few exceptions, however, fatigue research has employed only cross-sectional designs, which preclude conclusions about the dynamic behavior of fatigue. How does fatigue change over the course of a campaign? Finally, the bases of fatigue are not entirely clear. Whereas fatigue is defined as a subjective judgment of excessive exposure, little is known about the affective processes underlying that judgment. How do emotional responses to a campaign amplify or attenuate fatigue? We examined these questions in the context of a campus COVID-19 safety behaviors campaign.
Cultural Plurality and Inculturation: Foundations for Intercultural Dialogue
Authors: McEvoy James Gerard
Published: September 2022

This article investigates the significance of cultural plurality for social and ecclesial life in a post-imperial age. It argues for a view of culture that recognizes and accommodates the diversity of each culture, conceives of culture in terms of social imaginaries and practices, and incorporates a nuanced view of intercultural dialogue. It begins with a précis of Stuart Hall’s account of culture, then examines at length the conceptions of culture in the works of James Tully and Charles Taylor, focusing on cultural diversity. In this context, the article contends that the ecclesial task of inculturation must be one of intercultural dialogue.
Group Improvisation in Secondary School Instrumental Ensembles
Authors: Rivkin Aaron
Published: September 2022

Group improvisation encourages students to improvise in a collective setting to build confidence in their individual and group improvisational skills. In this article, I describe group improvisation methods that offer an accessible entry into creative music-making for learners in secondary school instrumental ensembles. Instructional considerations and establishing a positive classroom environment are discussed.
Implementing Universal Design Principles in Music Teaching
Authors: Armes Jocelyn W. , Harry Adam G. , Grimsby Rachel
Published: September 2022

Students with disabilities (SWDs) in the United States have a right to the least restrictive learning environment as enshrined in federal law. Until recently, conceptions about educating SWDs have drawn from medical models of disability (i.e., that the student must be accommodated to interact with the environment) rather than a social model of disability (i.e., that the environment can be cultivated for all kinds of individual needs). Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is an educational framework that music educators can use to shift their planning and instructional practices surrounding SWDs to encompass a social model of disability. Here, we define UDL principles, describe UDL implementation in music classroom contexts, and provide resources for further reading.
“Feeling Good” After Exercise During a Weight Loss Program: Subjective Well-Being in Support of a Hedonic Paradigm
Authors: Berger Bonnie G. , Darby Lynn A. , Owen David R. , Carels Robert A.
Published: September 2022

A large portion of the U.S. population desires to lose weight, but only a small portion maintains a desirable body weight. We examined weight loss success and the psychological benefits of exercise among men and women who were obese and initially sedentary ( N = 33). These participants completed anthropometric assessments and psychological inventories before and after graded exercise tests (GXTs) at the beginning and end of their enrollment in a 6-month behavioral weight loss program (BWLP). Participants significantly decreased their body weight, body mass index (BMI), and % body fat; they also increased their aerobic capacity and exercise time. They reported long-term increases in their stage of change, self-efficacy, exercise enjoyment and processes of change. They also reported immediate changes toward more positive affect, as measured with pre-to post-GXTs on both the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and State Anxiety Subscale (A-State) at the beginning and again at end of the BWLP. Mood benefits were reported on the POMS subscales of Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, and Confusion. At the end of the BWLP, Fatigue and Confusion continued to improve after a 20-min post-GXT recovery period. Finally, reductions in Depression and Fatigue after the first GXT were correlated with program success, as indicated by decreases in BMI, percent body fat, and body weight. Initial scores on trait enjoyment were associated with decreased BMI and body weight. Psychological benefits of exercise may help individuals who are obese and sedentary change their behavior and exercise perceptions from something they “should do” to something they “want to do.” Feeling good during weight loss efforts is an important pathway to change and should be an explicit component goal of BWLPs.
Crack detection for concrete bridges with imaged based deep learning
Authors: Wan Chunfeng , Xiong Xiaobing , Wen Bo , Gao Shuai , Fang Da , Yang Caiqian , Xue Songtao
Published: September 2022

Within the framework of intelligent bridge detection, a number of crack detection methods based on image processing techniques have been implemented. In this study, a combined novel approach with deep learning of a single shot multibox detector (SSD) and the eight neighborhood algorithm is proposed and applied to bridge crack image identification to provide an automatic method for crack detection. First, a large number of concrete crack images collected from the site were segmented and preprocessed for the establishment of a crack image dataset. Deep learning of the SSD algorithm was introduced on the training set to establish the detection model, where the model parameters were adjusted by the validation set. Sliding window technology was integrated to identify the cracks in the test set. The effects of the sliding window size and dataset size on the crack detection results were discussed. Moreover, the eight neighborhood algorithm was adopted for further crack detection correction. The results show that the configuration achieves good crack detection by the deep learning of the SSD algorithm with high precision and recall. The introduction of the eight neighborhood correction algorithm further improves the detection results by eliminating some misjudged results. Finally, the developed algorithm was placed into a portable device, with which cracks were effectively identified. The introduced method shows significantly better performance in crack detection, and the system installed on the portable device provides a way to broaden its application in the automatic crack detection of concrete bridges.
“What Do I Need That For?”: The Misalignment of Masculinity and College Preparation in an Urban School
Authors: Kolluri Suneal
Published: September 2022

Young Black and Latino men face profound academic obstacles in transitioning to college. Few studies have interrogated college readiness practices in urban schools through the lens of masculinity. Drawing on a yearlong ethnography, this study investigated how young men respond to college-readiness practices while enacting masculinity. Many young men were not convinced that working hard in their classes was necessary for their college futures. College preparation stressed seriousness and vulnerability, but masculine intellectualism was playful and tough. The contrast implies the need for college readiness practices better aligned with common experiences of masculinity in urban contexts.
Psychological, Physical and Behavioral Health of Adults, 3 Years After Exposure to a Train Derailment
Authors: Maltais Danielle , Généreux Mélissa , Roy Mathieu , Fortin Geneviève , Pouliot Eve , Bergeron-Leclerc Christiane , Cherblanc Jacques , Labra Oscar , Lachance Lise , Paquette Linda
Published: September 2022

In July 2013, a train derailment profoundly disrupted the tranquility of the population of Lac-Mégantic for months and even years. In 2016, we conducted a representative population-based survey among 387 people from Lac-Mégantic and 413 from other municipalities with the aim to document psychological and physical health of adults exposed to the disaster. This article examines differences between 3 groups of respondents: those who were highly, moderately or not exposed to the train accident. Khi Square analyses, odds ratios and logistic regressions were used to examine differences between the 3 groups of respondents (high, moderate and no exposure). Results show that the level of exposure to this technological disaster is strongly associated with psychological suffering, post-traumatic growth, physical heath, drinking patterns, and use of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs. We can explain these results by the nature and cause of the event as well as its consequences.
Extension and Validation of A Novel Destination Brand Equity Model
Authors: Ekinci Yuksel , Japutra Arnold , Molinillo Sebastian , Uysal Muzaffer
Published: September 2022

This study develops and tests a novel destination brand equity model and compares its validity with Aaker’s brand equity model, which is popular in tourism. The data were collected in Indonesia ( n = 250) and the United Kingdom ( n = 246). The results confirm validity and hierarchical structure of the destination brand equity model. The destination brand equity model has seven dimensions: brand awareness, physical quality, service interaction quality, brand self-congruence, brand identification, destination brand trust, and destination brand loyalty. The first five brand equity dimensions exert positive influences on destination brand trust and destination brand loyalty. The findings show that the psychometric properties of the destination brand equity model outperform Aaker’s model. The study discusses theoretical and practical implications of the destination brand equity model for destination marketing and management.
Association of eating habits and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio among Japanese female university students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Okada Genya , Mabuchi Ryota , Kambara Chisako , Tanimoto Shota , Fujii Tamotsu
Published: September 2022

Background & Aims: University students are prone to changes in their health status and lifestyle due to changes in their living environment and associated stress and anxiety. These changes may affect them in later life. This study utilized a cross-sectional study among Japanese female university students to examine dietary factors affecting their fecal microbiota. Methods: Sixty-eight healthy female university students were evaluated using an eating behavior assessment and diet history questionnaire. The 12-component Japanese diet index (JDI-12) was then calculated. A quantitative real-time PCR method was used to analyze the predominant bacterial species in the gut, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B ratio) at the phylum level was calculated. The partial correlation between the fecal microbiota and eating behavior abnormality score was assessed, and dietary habits associated with the F/B ratio were analyzed. Results: A significant correlation was identified between F/B ratios and the eating behavior abnormality score (r = 0.26, FDR = 0.064). Additionally, multiple regression analysis identified a negative correlation trend between the F/B ratio and JDI-12 score (β = −0.22; p = 0.091), and exploratory analysis found a negative association between the F/B ratio and consumption of beef and pork, one of the less beneficial JDI-12 components (β = −0.33, FDR = 0.120). Conclusion: In healthy female university students, there was a positive correlation between eating behavior abnormality and the F/B ratio, indicating that adherence to the Japanese diet pattern may be associated with a lower F/B ratio.
Keeping pace with the digital age: Envisioning information systems research as a platform
Authors: Grisold Thomas , Kremser Waldemar , Mendling Jan , Recker Jan , Brocke Jan vom , Wurm Bastian
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we respond to Grover and Lyytinen (2022). We agree with them that the advent of the digital age is calling for a reconsideration of the role of theory and theorizing. We also think their proposal does not go far enough. The time is ripe to question the role of theory in our field more fundamentally. We propose to instead focus on establishing IS research as a platform through which we can collect, organize, and provide access to digital trace data from various sources to analyze contemporary socio-technical phenomena. We believe that such a move allows us to more fully unleash the unique socio-technical competences of our field in the digital age.