bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Subsequent Primary Cancers in Thyroid Cancer Survivors according to the Dose of Levothyroxine: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Min-Su , Lee Jang Won , Hyun Min Kyung , Song Young Shin
Published: March 2024

Background: Current research has not investigated the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy with levothyroxine on the risk for developing subsequent primary cancers (SPCs). This study aimed to investigate the association between levothyroxine dosage and the risk for SPCs in thyroid cancer patients.Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study form Korean National Health Insurance database. This cohort included 342,920 thyroid cancer patients between 2004 and 2018. Patients were divided into the non-levothyroxine and the levothyroxine groups, the latter consisting of four dosage subgroups according to quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were performed to evaluate the risk for SPCs by adjusting for variables including cumulative doses of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy.Results: A total of 17,410 SPC cases were observed over a median 7.3 years of follow-up. The high-dose levothyroxine subgroups (Q3 and Q4) had a higher risk for SPC (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.14 and 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.24 and 1.17– 1.37; respectively) compared to the non-levothyroxine group. In particular, the adjusted HR of stomach (1.31), colorectal (1.60), liver and biliary tract (1.95), and pancreatic (2.48) cancers were increased in the Q4 subgroup. We consistently observed a positive association between high levothyroxine dosage per body weight and risk of SPCs, even after adjusting for various confounding variables. Moreover, similar results were identified in the stratified analyses according to thyroidectomy type and RAI therapy, as well as in a subgroup analysis of patients with good adherence.Conclusion: High-dose levothyroxine use was associated with increased risk of SPCs among thyroid cancer patients regardless of RAI therapy.
Method of Calculating the net Inheritance when Calculating the Deficiency of the Reserve of Inheritance
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Lee Hyunjai
Published: March 2024

The calculation of the shortfall in legal reserve of inheritance shall be the amount deducted from the legal reserve of inheritance. The Supreme Court sentenced on August 19, 2021, 2017Da235791, said, “When calculating the shortfall in legal reserve of inheritance that received special profits among joint heirs, special profits and net inheritance are deducted from the legal reserve of inheritance, and the net inheritance to be deducted is calculated based on a specific inheritance taking into account the special profits of the relevant legal reserve.” This ruling is significant in that it is the first ruling to reverse the so-called 'legal theory' adopted by the court below and adopt a 'specific theory' when calculating the net inheritance of the legal reserve of inheritance. Even if the specific inheritance cannot be known because the request for division of inherited property is not preceded, the court dealing with a claim for the return of legal reserve of inheritance shall interpret that the specific inheritance should be identified with special interests in mind and reflected in the calculation of net inheritance. In the end, it can be said that there is a very close correlation between the calculation of the shortfall in legal reserve of inheritance and the division of inherited property. However, the Supreme Court's 2017Da235791 ruling alone cannot determine which theory was taken between the 'specific inheritance standard theory' and the 'a theory of non-existence of a excess special beneficiary' discussed in the division of inherited property. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the Supreme Court's rulings on June 30, 2022, such as the rulings of 2017s98, 99, 100, and 101, which dealt with the case of the trial for the division of inherited property. Some scholars say that the Supreme Court 2017s98 ruling above adopted 'a theory of non-existence of a excess special beneficiary'. However, according to my analysis through a specific calculation process, the above ruling does not accept 'a theory of non-existence of a excess special beneficiary'. The above decision is significant in that it has been declared that the excess special income is divided according to the 'statutory inheritance' of other joint heirs excluding excess special beneficiaries. While the theory of non-existence of a excess special beneficiary treats excess special beneficiaries as non-successors, the 'statutory inheritance standard theory’ that I propose has a decisive difference in treating them as heirs.
Legal Responsibilities and Obligations of Generative AI Service Providers
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, KIM Yun Myung
Published: March 2024

AI is efficient for humans, but as a black box, AI can't clearly explain its results. In this sense, AI is ambivalent. As an unknown technology, it is difficult to predict how it will evolve, so it is necessary to hold those who develop or provide AI services accountable and responsible. However, we should not regulate the technology, but rather the service or business model. The goal is to ensure that AI services are provided reliably and that the content is not problematic. Even if service providers monitor their services, it is difficult to do so perfectly. Therefore, the law imposes certain obligations on service providers and holds them responsible for their omissions. This is the principle of OSP liability stipulated in the Copyright Act and the Information and Communications Network Act. By entering a safe harbor, OSPs can be immunized in certain cases. The safe harbor regulation has been positive for the development of the internet. Generative AI is often criticized. It's time to consider whether it applies to AI service providers as well. According to the interpretation of the Copyright Act and the Information and Com- munication Network Act, a service provider that provides generative AI services is a service provider that provides a tool for content production. Users give instructions through prompts or utilize it as a tool to create content. To clarify, the user uses the service to create the result that the user intends or desires. The scope of liability for AI services varies depending on the legal nature of the provider. Reviewing the legal status of the AI service provider is important for the activation of AI services. AI is considered a tool, and the rights to its output should belong to the user. Logically, the user is also responsible for the creation of infringing works. Since the service is ultimately created by the user, it is difficult to hold the service provider responsible for the content of the product. However, service providers are subject to a certain duty of care in that they are the developer of the service and the provider of the generative AI service. It is desirable for the development of the AI industry to impose a duty of care that requires certain actions on the part of the service provider for defects in AI, such as the continuous creation of infringing works or the illusion of inaccurate content.
Tecnologia de raios X na segurança pública: prevenção e eficiência no combate ao crime
Authors: De Andrade Angélica Janiéli
Published: March 2024

Os raios X são radiações de alta frequência produzidas a partir da colisão de feixes de elétrons com metais, muito conhecidos devido à sua aplicação na medicina. Complementarmente, eles tornaram-se essenciais no auxílio e manutenção da segurança pública. Após os eventos de 11 de setembro de 2001 nos Estados Unidos, as forças de segurança em todo mundo buscam combater e prevenir atos criminosos com apoio de novos recursos tecnológicos. Neste sentido, a utilização dos raios X é implementada em equipamentos tipo escâneres que permitem a inspeção não invasiva de pessoas e objetos, contribuindo para a detecção de armas, drogas e outros itens proibidos em diversos setores da sociedade, como portos e aeroportos, presídios, zonas fronteiriças e estabelecimentos governamentais. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar as variadas aplicações desta tecnologia no campo policial e destacar que a utilização dos raios X pelas forças de segurança proporciona uma abordagem eficaz para a prevenção e resposta a situações de risco, fortalecendo as medidas de segurança à tropa e protegendo a sociedade de maneira mais abrangente.
Implementación de Redes LAN en áreas remotas, para comunicar apiarios de Apis Melliferas en zonas mayas de Campeche usando prototipos IoT
Authors: Salgado Felipe Angel Alvarez , Lara Carlos Omar Chab , López Carlos Jiménez , Cauich Dany Alejandro Dzib , Herrera Luis Alfonso Can , Moreno Marlene Méndez , Aguirre Gonzalo Miguel Quetz , Kantun Diego Alejandro Ac
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación se desarrolla en la zona norte del Estado de Campeche, donde se tiene una destacada actividad apícola, abarcando los municipios de Tenabo, Hecelchakán, Dzitbalché y Calkiní, esta región cuenta con apiarios de Apis Melliferas que se localizan en zonas con escasa cobertura de Internet por lo que se implementó una solución en telecomunicaciones basada en red LAN, para la transmisión de información desde los apiarios para el monitoreo con dispositivos de IoT. Los dispositivos empleados en la arquitectura fueron sensores de humedad interior y exterior DHT22, DHT11, temperatura DS18B20, infrarrojos (emisor y receptor), conectados a un módulo inalámbrico WiFi, el que envió los datos a un Router Mikrotik Sim con conexión 3G/4G. Todos los datos obtenidos fueron enviados a un servidor, a través de tecnología de Internet de las Cosas (IoT) para ser procesados. Estos datos fueron presentados en la plataforma (IoT Cloud). El propósito es contar con información en tiempo real, analizarla y realizar recomendaciones al apicultor, respecto al comportamiento de las colonias en cada apiario sin alterar su entorno. Con la información generada en tiempo real se facilita la toma de decisiones del apicultor respecto al estado y salud del apiario.
A review of flexible high-performance supercapacitors for the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (ai) applications
Authors: Naeem Sajid , Ali Abid , Memon Khalid , Bavluwala Mohammed , Shinde UP , Patil AV
Published: March 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new area of modern technology today. Transportation, agriculture, healthcare, manufacturing, wearables, smart grid, energy-saving technologies, smart homes, smart management systems, and other fields of engineering, technology, and real-time management all have IoT applications. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) has broad applications in the car industry, surveillance, security, education, entertainment, gaming, e-commerce, portable gadgets, robotics, medicinal devices, etc. They require efficient energy to operate for an extended period. These devices necessitate offline and online energy storage devices that discharge for an extended period of time or require less time to charge advanced electrical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors. This review article reveals advanced energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and their applications in IoT and AI-based devices. A supercapacitor is an electrochemical capacitor that has high energy density and better performance efficiency.
Lumped parameter model for the safety assessment of the IAEA 10MW benchmark reactor during a protected loss of flow accident
Authors: Hamed Djalal
Published: March 2024

The loss of flow accident in the IAEA 10Mw benchmark reactor is treated in this study through a coupled solution of the point kinetic and thermal hydraulic models. By employing the lumped parameter technic, a one-dimensional thermal hydraulic model is derived and solved beside the point kinetic model with the continuous reactivity feedback effect of the coolant and fuel temperatures. This coupled solution, allows us, to determine, the transient variation of the maximum fuel and coolant temperatures, furthermore, to the safety criteria (ONBR, OFIR, CHFR and BOR) which must be greater than the imposed safety limits, to avoid any nuclear reactor safety issue. Finally, the obtained results of our simulation were validated after a satisfactory comparison with the results of other codes system and developed computer codes.
NF XP P94-424 standard shear test for estimating the mechanical properties of rock joints sampled from Yaounde gneisses (Cameroon)
Authors: Bissaya Roger , Ngamy Aurélie Kamwa , Medjo Robert Eko , Ghogomu Richard Tanwi , Njom Bernard
Published: March 2024

This study is a contribution to the knowledge of rocks mechanical properties in Yaounde, with a scope on failure parameters. In most instances, this goal is achieved by carrying out XP P94-424 standard shear tests. Thus, the tests were carried out on two joint samples, using the experimental device of the Fondasol laboratory (France). However, the pairs of shear – normal stress values were plotted or computed to determine other relevant parameters. The results are expressed as graphs and value reports. (1) The global friction angle ranges around 36° for unsmoothed joints, and decreases up to 34° for smoothed joints. The friction angle ranges around 49° - 46° for unsmoothed joints, and decreases up to 3.90° for smoothed joints. The dilatancy i depend on the roughness and the type of joint surfaces; e. g. it ranged around 7° for the roughest surface while it ranged around 4° on the other. (2) At the peak the cohesion ranges around 81 kPa however, the wetness might affect this parameter up to its nullifying. At residual the cohesion ranges around 91 – 135 kPa.
Single piles under monotonic lateral loads-Full scale tests and numerical modelling
Authors: Haouari Hocine , Bouafia Ali
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to present the results of the analysis of full-scale lateral loading tests of a single pile driven into a bi-layered soil located in Plancoet (France). The pile was subjected to a monotonic sequence of loads, and the P-Y curves along the pile were derived and compared to those recommended by the current design methods. Displacement analysis was then undertaken by inputting these P-Y curves, as well as those currently recommended in the literature, into the software SPULL to predict the load-deflection curve. The calibration process was conducted by a 3D finite element model using Abaqus software based on the elastic-perfectly plastic Mohr–Coulomb constitutive model, and the surface-to-surface contact method was used to take into account the nonlinear response at the pile/soil interface. The determined soil elastic modulus was used to predict the pile deflections by using some usual elasticity-based methods, which led to good prediction of the small pile deflections.
Inaugural Editorial of Journal of Geomechanics and Geoengineering
Authors: Bouafia Ali , Abou-Bekr Nabil , Kebaili Mustapha , Djilali Ammar-Bouzid
Published: March 2024

The Journal of Geomechanics and GeoEngineering is a scientific and technical peer-reviewed bi-annual journal edited by the ASPS (Alwaha Scientific Publications Services). This journal publishes high-quality articles focused on soil mechanics, rock mechanics, engineering geology, and their applications in the field of geotechnical and geophysical engineering.
Transformation of the Equivalent Linear Method for solving soil-structure interaction problems in the time domain
Authors: Bakhtaoui Yacine
Published: March 2024

In the context of soil-structure interaction, often underestimated in design codes, accurate anticipation of dynamic amplification and foundation displacements has become increasingly crucial. Recent earthquakes like Mexico City (1985), Loma Prieta (1989), Port-au-Prince (2010), and Kumamoto (2016) highlighted the need for robust methods to analyze these complex nonlinearities. While both nonlinear and equivalent linear approaches offer valuable insights, limitations in computational efficiency and implementation can hinder their practical application. This paper addresses these challenges by presenting the formal development of a novel quasi-nonlinear method for real-time seismic response analysis, building upon the principles introduced by the author. This innovative approach, unlike traditional equivalent linear methods, dynamically calculates mean shear moduli and local secant stiffnesses, integrating them into a Newmark-based solution process. The paper further validates the method against the Santa Cruz earthquake (Loma Prieta 1989) on a sandy soil profile, demonstrating remarkable agreement with reference solutions obtained using established methods like Shake91 and Quad4m. This comprehensive formulation paves the way for accurate and efficient real-time reconstruction of seismic responses within a practical quasi-nonlinear framework.
UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND AS A FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS
Authors: Srivastava Vandana , Sharma Alok , Jadon Sanjay Singh
Published: March 2024

This study is the first-ever attempt to relate the tools of development control like Floor Space Index (FSI/FAR), ground area covered by building footprints (BFs), and proportions/configurations of open areas, with their impact on the surface urban heat island (SUHI) which modulates the air temperatures. In the case of the Indian megacity Mumbai, statistical analysis of the land surface temperatures (LST) and its correlation with the selected development indicators, reveals that for an FSI increase of 1.0 to 1.8 the SUHI is found to be–2.5 °C less and when BFs reduced from 90% to 42% SUHI was also reduced by –2.5 °C. Highrise development with a large plot size is desirable whereas low-rise development with FSI 1.0 on small plot sizes exhibits the highest SUHI. Open spaces without vegetation do not reduce SUHI. The correlation of development regulations with SUHI intensity will help urban planners to make more informed decisions.
MIDIS: JWST NIRCam and MIRI Unveil the Stellar Population Properties of Lyα Emitters and Lyman-break Galaxies at z ≃ 3–7
Authors: Iani Edoardo , Caputi Karina I. , Rinaldi Pierluigi , Annunziatella Marianna , Boogaard Leindert A. , Östlin Göran , Costantin Luca , Gillman Steven , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Colina Luis , Greve Thomas R. , Wright Gillian , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , Álvarez-Márquez Javier , Bik Arjan , Bosman Sarah E. I. , Crespo Gómez Alejandro , Eckart Andreas , Hjorth Jens , Jermann Iris , Labiano Alvaro , Langeroodi Danial , Melinder Jens , Moutard Thibaud , Peißker Florian , Pye John P. , Tikkanen Tuomo V. , van der Werf Paul P. , Walter Fabian , Henning Thomas K. , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , van Dishoeck Ewine F.
Published: March 2024

We study the stellar population properties of 182 spectroscopically confirmed (MUSE/VLT) Lyα emitters (LAEs) and 450 photometrically selected Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z = 2.8–6.7 in the Hubble Extreme Deep Field. Leveraging the combined power of Hubble Space Telescope and JWST NIRCam and MIRI observations, we analyze their rest-frame UV-through-near-IR spectral energy distributions, with MIRI playing a crucial role in robustly assessing the LAEs’ stellar masses and ages. Our LAEs are low-mass objects

(

log

10

(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
≃
7.5
)

with little or no dust extinction (E(B − V) ≃ 0.1) and a blue UV continuum slope (β ≃ −2.2). While 75% of our LAEs are young (<100 Myr), the remaining 25% have significantly older stellar populations (≥100 Myr). These old LAEs are statistically more massive, less extinct, and have lower specific star formation rate than young LAEs. Besides, they populate the plane of M
⋆ versus star formation rate along the main sequence of star-forming galaxies, while young LAEs populate the starburst region. The comparison between the LAEs’ properties and those of a stellar-mass-matched sample of LBGs shows no statistical difference between these objects, except for the LBGs’ redder UV continuum slope and marginally larger E(B − V) values. Interestingly, 48% of the LBGs have ages <10 Myr and are classified as starbursts, but lack detectable Lyα emission. This is likely due to H i resonant scattering and/or dust-selective extinction. Overall, we find that JWST observations are crucial in determining the properties of LAEs and shedding light on their comparison with LBGs.
Chemical Cartography of the Sagittarius Stream with Gaia
Authors: Cunningham Emily C. , Hunt Jason A. S. , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Johnston Kathryn V. , Ness Melissa K. , Lu Yuxi (Lucy) , Escala Ivanna , Stelea Ioana A.
Published: March 2024

The stellar stream connected to the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy is the most massive tidal stream that has been mapped in the Galaxy, and is the dominant contributor to the outer stellar halo of the Milky Way (MW). We present metallicity maps of the Sgr stream, using 34,240 red giant branch stars with inferred metallicities from Gaia BP/RP spectra. This sample is larger than previous samples of Sgr stream members with chemical abundances by an order of magnitude. We measure metallicity gradients with respect to Sgr stream coordinates (Λ, B), and highlight the gradient in metallicity with respect to stream latitude coordinate B, which has not been observed before. Including the core, we find ∇[M/H] = −2.48 ± 0.08 × 10−2 dex deg−1 above the stream track (B > B
0, where B
0 = 1.5° is the latitude of the Sgr remnant) and ∇[M/H] = −2.02 ± 0.08 × 10−2 dex deg−1 below the stream track (B < B
0). By painting metallicity gradients onto a tailored N-body simulation of the Sgr stream, we find that the observed metallicities in the stream are consistent with an initial radial metallicity gradient in the Sgr dwarf galaxy of ∼−0.1 to −0.2 dex kpc−1, well within the range of observed metallicity gradients in Local Group dwarf galaxies. Our results provide novel observational constraints for the internal structure of the dwarf galaxy progenitor of the Sgr stream. Leveraging new large data sets in conjunction with tailored simulations, we can connect the present-day properties of disrupted dwarfs in the MW to their initial conditions.
CLASS Angular Power Spectra and Map-component Analysis for 40 GHz Observations through 2022
Authors: Eimer Joseph R. , Li 李 Yunyang 云炀 , Brewer Michael K. , Shi 时 Rui 瑞 , Ali Aamir , Appel John W. , Bennett Charles L. , Bruno Sarah Marie , Bustos Ricardo , Chuss David T. , Cleary Joseph , Dahal Sumit , Datta Rahul , Denes Couto Jullianna , Denis Kevin L. , Dünner Rolando , Essinger-Hileman Thomas , Fluxá Pedro , Hubmayer Johannes , Harrington Kathleen , Iuliano Jeffrey , Karakla John , Marriage Tobias A. , Núñez Carolina , Parker Lucas , Petroff Matthew A. , Reeves Rodrigo A. , Rostem Karwan , Valle Deniz A. N. , Watts Duncan J. , Weiland Janet L. , Wollack Edward J. , Xu 徐 Zhilei 智磊 , Zeng Lingzhen
Published: March 2024

Measurement of the largest angular scale (ℓ < 30) features of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is a powerful way to constrain the optical depth to reionization and search for the signature of inflation through the detection of primordial B-modes. We present an analysis of maps covering 73.6% of the sky made from the 40 GHz channel of the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) from 2016 August to 2022 May. Taking advantage of the measurement stability enabled by front-end polarization modulation and excellent conditions from the Atacama Desert, we show this channel achieves higher sensitivity than the analogous frequencies from satellite measurements in the range 10 < ℓ < 100. Simulations show the CLASS linear (circular) polarization maps have a white noise level of

125
(
130
)

μ
K

arcmin

. We measure the Galaxy-masked EE and BB spectra of diffuse synchrotron radiation and compare to space-based measurements at similar frequencies. In combination with external data, we expand measurements of the spatial variations of the synchrotron spectral energy density (SED) to include new sky regions and measure the diffuse SED in the harmonic domain. We place a new upper limit on a background of circular polarization in the range 5 < ℓ < 125 with the first bin showing D

ℓ
< 0.023

μ

K

CMB

2

at 95% confidence. These results establish a new standard for recovery of the largest-scale CMB polarization from the ground and signal exciting possibilities when the higher sensitivity and higher-frequency CLASS channels are included in the analysis.
Active Galactic Nuclei in a Mid-infrared Selected Galaxy Sample at z > 0.13: [Ne v]λ3426 Line Emission as a Benchmark
Authors: Li Zi-Jian , Dai Y. Sophia , Huang J.-S. , Wuyts Stijn , Cao Tian-Wen
Published: March 2024

We present a 24 μm-selected spectroscopic sample z > 0.13 (median 〈z〉 = 0.41) in the Lockman Hole field, consisting of 4035 spectra. Our aim is to identify active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and determine their fraction in this mid-infrared-selected sample. In this work, we use the [Ne v]λ3426 emission line to spectroscopically identify AGNs. Combined with broad-line Type I AGNs selected in our previous study, our sample consists of 887 (∼22%) spectroscopically confirmed AGNs. We perform a stacking analysis on the remaining spectra and find that in various mid-infrared (MIR) wedge-selected AGN candidates, the stacked spectra still show significant [Ne v]λ3426 emission. In contrast, no clear [Ne v]λ3426 signal is detected in non-AGN candidates falling outside the wedges. Assuming a range of AGN MIR spectral energy distribution (SED) slope of −0.3 <α < 0.7, and an average star-forming relation derived from 65 star-forming templates, we develop a robust method to separate the AGN and star-forming contributions to the MIR SEDs using the rest-frame L
12/L
1.6 versus L
4.5/L
1.6 diagram. We separate the objects into bins of L
12 and find that the AGN fraction increases with increasing L
12. We also find that the stacked [Ne v]λ3426 strength scales with L
12. The pure AGN luminosity at 12 μm exhibits a positive correlation with the star formation rates, indicating possible coevolution and common gas supply between the AGNs and their host galaxies. Varying population properties across the redshift range explored contribute to the observed correlation.
LISA Galactic Binaries with Astrometry from Gaia DR3
Authors: Kupfer Thomas , Korol Valeriya , Littenberg Tyson B. , Shah Sweta , Savalle Etienne , Groot Paul J. , Marsh Thomas R. , Le Jeune Maude , Nelemans Gijs , Pala Anna F. , Petiteau Antoine , Ramsay Gavin , Steeghs Danny , Babak Stanislav
Published: March 2024

Galactic compact binaries with orbital periods shorter than a few hours emit detectable gravitational waves (GWs) at low frequencies. Their GW signals can be detected with the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Crucially, they may be useful in the early months of the mission operation in helping to validate LISA's performance in comparison to prelaunch expectations. We present an updated list of 55 candidate LISA-detectable binaries with measured properties, for which we derive distances based on Gaia Data Release 3 astrometry. Based on the known properties from electromagnetic observations, we predict the LISA detectability after 1, 3, 6, and 48 months using Bayesian analysis methods. We distinguish between verification and detectable binaries as being detectable after 3 and 48 months, respectively. We find 18 verification binaries and 22 detectable sources, which triples the number of known LISA binaries over the last few years. These include detached double white dwarfs, AM CVn binaries, one ultracompact X-ray binary, and two hot subdwarf binaries. We find that across this sample the GW amplitude is expected to be measured to ≈10% on average, while the inclination is expected to be determined with ≈15° precision. For detectable binaries, these average errors increase to ≈50% and ≈40°, respectively.
Was the UK government's National Tutoring Programme ever fit for purpose?
Authors: Platten Julie
Published: March 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented school closures in England, which quickly generated widespread concern at the impacts of missed schooling: 'lost learning' became the dominant motif of these concerns and 'catch-up' emerged as the received solution. This article focuses on
the central pillar of the government's post-pandemic response: the National Tutoring Programme (NTP). It offers a critical assessment of the development of the NTP, exploring and questioning the key values, motivations and assumptions that shaped it. It considers the problematisations of the
policy and the meaning-making embedded within its language. 'Learning loss' and 'catch-up' are found to be central metaphors, premised on vague and unsubstantiated measures of gap and attainment. Ultimately, the discussion concludes that the transformation of the policy from a well-intentioned
intervention targeting disadvantaged students to a government accountability lever that imposes on schools both the onus of successful delivery, as well as of partial funding, is a critical failure of the policy.
Expériences bénédictines en Aquitaine du Nord sous Louis le Pieux : contribution à l’histoire de la diffusion de la regula Benedicti à l’époque carolingienne
Authors: Treffort Cécile
Published: March 2024

Dans sa Vita Benedicti , Ardon fait du succès de l’implantation bénédictine en Aquitaine une sorte de préfiguration du mouvement réformateur qui touchera l’ensemble du regnum Francorum à partir des années 816-817. L’article se propose donc d’observer la réalité aquitaine, en particulier dans la partie nord du royaume où se concentrent les points d’ancrage du pouvoir carolingien, grâce à une lecture critique des sources régionales, malheureusement trop rares et parfois interpolées. Ce parcours dans la documentation concernant tant les monastères de fondation ancienne que les établissements institués à l’époque carolingienne permet de mieux appréhender le rythme et l’ampleur de la mutation bénédictine et conduit à nuancer le tableau dressé par Ardon. La précocité de l’adoption de la règle de saint Benoît à Nouaillé ne doit ainsi faire oublier ni la fragilité des premiers essais, ni l’existence d’une alternative cléricale parfois gommée par les témoignages ultérieurs, ni le caractère tardif de la « réforme », sous Charles le Chauve et de Pépin II d’Aquitaine plus que sous Louis le Pieux. Au-delà des cas de Nouaillé, Saint-Savin et Charroux, souvent cités comme emblématiques, la réussite aquitaine de Benoît semble finalement se dessiner en demi-teinte.
Un blanc manteau de canonicae ? Les « chapitres cathédraux » italiens du ix e siècle : quatre profils d’évolution
Authors: Kurdziel Émilie
Published: March 2024

Le présent article se propose d’évaluer quels furent dans les cités épiscopales du royaume d’Italie, les effets concrets de la tentative de réforme du clergé promue par les Carolingiens à partir des années 780 et synthétisée en 816 dans l’ Institutio canonicorum . Après un premier tour d’horizon des fondations de canonicae intervenues au cours d’un long ix e  siècle auprès des sièges épiscopaux, quatre profils types d’évolution du clergé urbain sont plus précisément comparés : Arezzo, Novare, Milan et Vérone.
Antiques vierges et nouvelles normes. L’hagiographie comme discours normatif chez les bénédictines de Metz ( ix e - xi e siècle)
Authors: Blennemann Gordon
Published: March 2024

Cet article propose d’aborder la question de l’implication des communautés de femmes de Metz dans les mouvances de réforme en Lorraine du ix e et surtout du x e  siècle et xi e  siècles, par le biais des récits hagiographiques et, dans une moindre mesure, historiographiques. Ces communautés sont au nombre de trois : Sainte-Glossinde, Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains et Sainte-Marie-aux-Nonnains. L’article part de l’hypothèse que ces récits constituent autant de contributions à une communauté discursive débattant, en contexte de réforme, de la définition de la vita religiosa féminine. Les démarches argumentatives adoptées par leurs auteurs recourent entre autres à des modèles de vie ascétique très anciens, notamment celui des vierges et matrones à vocation ascétique de l’Antiquité tardive.
Les communautés monastiques de Fontenelle-Saint-Wandrille, d’une réforme à l’autre ( ix e - xi e siècle)
Authors: Roche Thomas
Published: March 2024

Bien que l’image traditionnelle de la table rase découlant des raids vikings ait déjà été remise en question, la pauvreté des sources restreint notre connaissance du monachisme ancien sur le territoire de la future Normandie. Le cas de Fontenelle (Saint-Wandrille) apporte cependant un contrepoint utile, puisque l’histoire de la communauté et de ses réformes peut être étudiée dans ses propres termes, grâce aux Gesta Abbatum Fontanellensium du ix e  siècle et à l’ Inventio Sancti Vulfranni du xi e , aux côtés de textes diplomatiques et hagiographiques. Ces deux sources présentent Anségise ou Gérard de Crépy comme protagonistes de réforme (ou de refondation) descendante. Tout en nuançant ces interprétations, l’accent est mis ici sur les processus par lesquels la communauté monastique a adapté ses idéaux et ses pratiques, et renouvelé sa tradition, derrière (et au-delà) de ses abbés.
L’insoutenable légèreté d’être moine : introspection et réforme individuelle dans l’Œuvre de Smaragde et le Chronicon de Saint-Mihiel ( ix e - xi e siècle)
Authors: Kramer Rutger
Published: March 2024

Cet essai se penche sur la construction de l’héritage de l’abbé Smaragde de Saint-Mihiel (c. 760-c. 840), et pose la question de savoir dans quelle mesure on peut et doit se souvenir de lui comme d'un « réformateur ». En me basant sur les activités intellectuelles et les pratiques monastiques de Smaragde de son vivant, et en réinterprétant sa biographie dans le Chronicon S. Michaelis monasterii ( xi e  siècle), mon objectif est de montrer que les penseurs monastiques du monde carolingien et post-carolingien faisaient une distinction entre réformes institutionnelles et réformes individuelles – et que des enseignants comme Smaragde étaient reconnus pour leur rôle dans la promotion de ce dernier type de « réforme », qui visait explicitement la perfection morale des chrétiens plutôt que l'amélioration des institutions.
L’analyse des pratiques professionnelles sous transfert
Authors: Pascal Jean-Brice
Published: March 2024

Cet article de psychanalyse tient à montrer que le dispositif d’analyse des pratiques professionnelles est une machine permettant la mise en place d’une névrose de transfert collective. Là où les débats sur la cure type ont largement divisé ses praticiens, ce dispositif ne dépend pas d’une technique ou d’un courant en particulier. Nous insisterons sur les conditions de sa mise en place et sur les signes cliniques, les symptômes sur lesquels le clinicien va s’appuyer, pour produire un changement favorable.
En/quête de sens en analyse des pratiques. L’envers du décor d’un dispositif
Authors: Palacio Fabien
Published: March 2024

Sous la forme d’un « témoignage réflexif », l’auteur se propose d’expliquer la manière dont il travaille en tant qu’intervenant en analyse de pratiques professionnelles. L’objectif de l’article est de rappeler aux travailleurs sociaux et aux praticiens les éléments fondamentaux de l’analyse des pratiques dans le secteur social et médico-social, tout en identifiant les obstacles ou les confusions liés à ce type de démarche.
Cadre déontologique et éthique pour un dispositif d’intervision d’analyse de pratique professionnelle
Authors: von Wyss Armande , Bruchez Ischi Roxanne
Published: March 2024

Deux membres de l’Association romande des spécialistes en analyse de pratique professionnelle présentent les enjeux des modalités d’intervision : processus de conception des intervisions, le cadre, le déroulement et les modalités pour permettre l’apprentissage et la professionnalisation des spécialistes en analyse de pratique professionnelle dans une posture éthique et déontologique.
Le paradoxe du mensonge et de la transparence dans le travail social
Authors: Avril Ophélie , Bonnet Emma , Lequeux Barbara , Liebeaux Léa , Merat Pauline
Published: March 2024

Pouvons-nous utiliser le mensonge en tant que professionnel investi et guidé par des valeurs morales ? Peut-on le considérer comme une stratégie dans la relation d’aide ? C’est à partir de ces questionnements, de nos expériences et celles de nombreux professionnels interrogés que nous avons souhaité investiguer sur les paradoxes du mensonge et de la transparence dans nos métiers. Le mensonge, dans nos pratiques, et l’éthique, au sens large du terme, ont été au cœur de nos recherches. En tant que travailleurs sociaux, nous travaillons avec ce que nous sommes, avec la réalité des terrains, mais également avec les lois qui régissent nos interventions. Cela vient parfois heurter nos pratiques qui favorisent la proximité dans nos accompagnements avec les personnes. Le mensonge peut-il être légitime ?
La place et le rôle des laïcs dans L’Église : de « Une Espérance nouvelle pour le Liban » (1996) au « Synode patriarcal maronite » (2003-2006)
Authors: Chalfoun Khalil
Published: March 2024

Cet article porte sur la place et le rôle des laïcs dans les Synodes pour le Liban. La synodalité fait partie de l’essence de l’église. Les laïcs ont été intégrés pour la première fois au processus synodal lors du Synode spécial pour le Liban en 1995. Cette nouvelle expérience a permis de reconnaître l’importance de leur engagement et de leur participation à la réflexion sur le renouveau ecclésiale. Les recommandations issues du Synode en sont l’illustration, notamment la création de centres de formations qui permettraient aux laïcs d’approfondir leurs connaissances théologiques et de les mettre au service de l’église au Liban. Par la suite, les laïcs étaient également présents lors du Synode patriarcal maronite (2003-2006). Malgré une participation minoritaire, leur implication n’était pas un obstacle au rôle du clergé. Enfin, il faut attendre 2023 pour qu’un texte sur la place des femmes soit adopté par le Synode des évêques maronites. Quant aux jeunes, ils ont participé à plusieurs rassemblements visant à renforcer le vivre-ensemble et à promouvoir la paix, tout en appelant à davantage de justice.
Note on the Document of Alexandria
Authors: Coda Piero
Published: March 2024

La 15 e session plénière de la Commission internationale mixte pour le dialogue théologique entre l’Église catholique et l’Église orthodoxe s’est tenue du 1 er au 7 juin 2023, sous l’hospitalité du patriarche Théodore II à Alexandrie, en Égypte. La commission visait à conclure la nouvelle phase du dialogue initié par le document de Ravenne, abordant l’interdépendance ecclésiologique, l’examen historique du premier millénaire (document de Chieti) et la représentation du deuxième millénaire (document d’Alexandrie). Le document d’Alexandrie, fruit de sept ans de travail, a fait face à des défis, avec l’abstention du Patriarcat russe et d’autres patriarchats. Le document marque une avancée importante, ouvrant la voie à des discussions théologiques et canoniques ultérieures.
Les formes du clivage. Un fond archaïque dans l’hystérie
Authors: Richard François
Published: March 2024

Cet article envisage les formes folles et dépressives de l’hystérie comme résultant d’un Œdipe primaire fragilisé par le polymorphisme sexuel. Les refoulements et les clivages s’y combinent. L’archaïque anime les logiques de l’hystérie et affecte le contre-transfert du psychanalyste d’une façon spécifique, qui appelle l’interprétation alors même que le langage est insuffisant à représenter la chose dont il s’agit. Au-delà de la conception classique d’un défaut du refoulement appelant en urgence un clivage est faite l’hypothèse qu’une potentialité dissociative est présente dans tout refoulement en vertu de la structure distordue de l’Œdipe primaire. Le cas d’une patiente dissociée à la suite d’un viol et d’une (pré)histoire infantile et familiale psychotisante illustre la façon dont le contre-transfert est sollicité jusque dans la formulation des interprétations.
La psychanalyse en Allemagne et en Autriche, des chemins de mémoire contrastés. Minutes d’une rencontre de travail
Authors: Kittler Erika , Selz Monique , Valon Philippe
Published: March 2024

Entretien qui s’est tenu en octobre 2022, après le congrès de la FEP qui avait eu lieu à Vienne. S’il apparaît que les sociétés viennoises ne sont pas encore dans un travail approfondi portant sur les années du nazisme, en Allemagne, un véritable travail a été fait, notamment à la DPV. Qu’est-ce qui différencie encore aujourd’hui la DPG de la DPV ? Sans doute la DPG, qui se vivait comme l’héritière de l’ancienne société psychanalytique allemande, a-t‑elle encore de grandes difficultés à se départir de la période du nazisme et de son intégration au sein de l’Institut Göring, où la psychanalyse ne se pratiquait plus (officiellement) et était remplacée par une psychothérapie psychodynamique allemande. Cette forme de psychothérapie persiste encore actuellement, favorisée par le remboursement par les assurances médicales, sorte de « psychothérapie sans Freud ». Aujourd’hui, il s’agirait de revenir à une pratique de l’association libre qui a été totalement supprimée pendant la période de l’Institut Göring. Sont également discutées les relations existant entre les sociétés de psychanalyse et l’État. À noter que l’affaire « Caruso » concerne la psychanalyse autrichienne et pourrait être abordée séparément.
Une rencontre des sociétés psychanalytiques autrichiennes : retour de l’impensé ? Compte rendu d’un atelier de rencontre qui s’est tenu à Vienne lors de la conférence annuelle de la FEP en juillet 2022
Authors: Valon Philippe
Published: March 2024

Il s’agit d’une table ronde qui s’est tenue à Vienne, lors de la FEP 2022, en vue de rencontrer les deux sociétés psychanalytiques viennoises, WAP et WPV. La première a été refondée sur les ruines de celle qui existait avant la guerre, quand la seconde a été créée par Igor Caruso, émanant du cercle de travail qui a existé au sein de l’Institut Göring, pendant la guerre. Eveline List a fait un travail sur le parcours de Caruso, qui ne semble pas être bien accueilli par les membres des deux sociétés. L’Association, fondée par Caruso, n’a obtenu son intégration à l’API qu’en 2013. Ce n’est qu’à partir de 1988, après le congrès de Bamberg (1987) qu’il a été possible de commencer à parler de ce qui s’était passé pendant la guerre et le nazisme. Un membre de la société britannique a posé diverses questions sur le devenir des membres autrichiens qui se sont maintenus sous le nazisme, sur les relations entre les deux sociétés viennoises et sur ce qui a pu se transmettre depuis l’Institut Göring. Il a été ensuite question de la création de l’Académie psychanalytique de Vienne, qui s’attache à la formation psychanalytique. La table ronde a été suivie d’un déjeuner avec E. List qui a insisté sur la transmission du mensonge dans les sociétés viennoises qui apparaissent à la fois amies et rivales.
« Le symptôme de notre bête est intelligent »
Authors: Blanquer-Laguarta Albert
Published: March 2024

Cet article prend comme point de départ la phrase de Michel de M’Uzan, « Le symptôme est bête », qui devrait devenir le « symptôme de la bête », de notre animalité. À partir des interrogations de Pierre Marty sur la localisation de certaines somatisations et sur les conflits intra-utérins dans l’allergie, ainsi que les apports de Christophe Dejours et Claude Smadja, nous comprenons la pathologie somatique comme étant une construction de la pulsion lorsqu’elle ne peut pas viser une issue psychique ou comportementale à sa tension conflictuelle. Son parcours somatique futur serait orienté dès l’origine par les interactions entre le programme génétique du bébé et l’inconscient maternel personnel et transgénérationnel. Des fixations somatiques dues aux maladies vont se produire au long de la vie, sorte d’ancrages présymboliques, expression d’arrêts dans la progression évolutive de la pulsion, mais sujettes à la possibilité d’interprétation et de résolution.
Characterization and optimization of the heat treatment of cashew nutshells to produce a biofuel with a high-energy value
Authors: KADJO Boua Sidoine , SAKO Mohamed Koïta , DIANGO Kouadio Alphonse , DANLOS Amélie , PERILHON Christelle
Published: March 2024

In the context of the fight against climate change and the development of renewable and new energies, the management of cashew nutshells is an issue. The physico-chemical and energetic properties of cashew nutshells show that they are good raw materials that can be used in thermochemical processes. Cashew nutshells were heated to temperatures of 300 ℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ for 40 to 120 minutes to extract the liquid from the cashew nutshells. Biochar yields by mass were 46.5–52.8 wt%, 46.2–35.9 wt% and 37.8–30.3 wt% at temperatures of 300 ℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃, respectively. Biochar with high higher heating value and low residual oil content was obtained at a heating temperature of 300 ℃ for a time of 120 min. The biochar obtained under these optimum conditions has a residual oil content of less than 1 wt% and a higher heating value of 32.1 MJ·kg-1. The other two products, bio-oil and smoke, have higher heating values of 36 MJ·kg-1 and 10.2 MJ·Nm-3, respectively. Temperature and heating time improve the energy density and quality of biochar with low residual oil content. Heat treatment is therefore a promising technique for the production of an environmentally friendly and sustainable high energy solid biofuel from cashew nutshells.
A novel lightweight deep learning approach for simultaneous optic cup and optic disc segmentation in glaucoma detection
Authors: Song Yantao , Zhang Wenjie , Zhang Yue
Published: March 2024

Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that can result in irreversible vision loss if not treated in its early stages. The cup-to-disc ratio is a key criterion for glaucoma screening and diagnosis, and it is determined by dividing the area of the optic cup (OC) by that of the optic disc (OD) in fundus images. Consequently, the automatic and accurate segmentation of the OC and OD is a pivotal step in glaucoma detection. In recent years, numerous methods have resulted in great success on this task. However, most existing methods either have unsatisfactory segmentation accuracy or high time costs. In this paper, we propose a lightweight deep-learning architecture for the simultaneous segmentation of the OC and OD, where we have adopted fuzzy learning and a multi-layer perceptron to simplify the learning complexity and improve segmentation accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method as compared to most state-of-the-art approaches in terms of both training time and segmentation accuracy.
The Pros and Cons of Digitalization in Aviation
Authors: Erhan Tugba , Eryilmaz Inan
Published: March 2024

The latest technology, digital implementations, and transformations have mainly shaped the development of the aviation industry. In addition to these developments, unprecedented risks must be considered to overcome the paradox of the beneficial and adverse sides of the new technology. The latest digital trends are explored and discussed by recognizing the importance of digital transformation in shaping the future of aviation. Thus, its role as a catalyst for innovation in the aviation industry, IATA (International Air Transport Association) is one of the pivotal organizations established to promote safe, reliable, and efficient air travel. However, in a digitalized world, the evolving nature of digital transformation within the latest technological developments and the power of technology effects are critical to take part at the forefront of the aviation industry. To provide insights into digital transformation in aviation management by discussing and evaluating the potential benefits and challenges, this chapter aims to contribute novel perspectives to digital transformation.