bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between D- dimer and vaccination of COVID19
Authors: Faris Nawal
Published: January 2023

Introduction: COVID - 19 viruses are responsible for endemic respiratory tract infection in the wide world. Following vaccination with the nCoV-19 vaccine, however, cases of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, to detect these cases D-dimer test should be done.
Aims: this study aims to detect the relation between D- dimer and vaccination of COVID19
Methods: This study that done by vaccinated patients from the special labs in Amman the capital of Jordan between January 2022 to October 2022 using PCR tests for detecting the virus. XL-FDP level estimated by using Atlas D-Dimer Latex Kit (Atlas Medical, Cowley Rd, Cambridge) Following manufacturing instruction.
Discussion/Conclusion. We conclude that the vaccinated COVID-19 patients suffer from elevated baseline D-dimer. thrombosis can occur in different organs, leading to organ failure in serious COVID-19 cases.
Hydroxylation-Inducing the Coupled Dual-Centers in Highly Amorphized Ni0.76Mo1.24/Mo2N Nanoarrays with Superior Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Jia Huanli , Wang Haiyan , Su Xiaofang , Zhang Hucheng , Yan Fangfang , Li Ze , Wang Jianji
Published: January 2023

The site-blocking effect (SBE) of nonelectro-chemical steps (nonECS) gives the sluggish kinetics in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but remains rather challenging in electrocatalysis. Herein, we explored nonECS on the highly amorphized NiMoN/NC(500-R) nanoarrays, in which Ni0.76Mo1.24 and Mo2N with the crystallinity of only 13.3% were embedded into nitrogen-rich derived carbons (NC) at 500oC, then followed by electrochemical surface reconstruction. The amorphization and hydroxylation induce the coupled dual-centers of Ni-Mo species to circumvent SBE through separating H*- and H2-involved elementary steps from nonECS, and deliver efficient transfer of individual species and heavy charge accumulation to actuate the whole HER. Resultantly, the exceptional catalytic activity is demonstrated by ultra-low overpotentials of 5.8 and 200.6mV at 10 and 1000mA cm-2, respectively. Importantly, NiMoN/NC(500-R) survive in lasting alkaline HER for 50 days at 500mA cm-2 almost without degeneration. This work presents the key to get rid of SBE in electrocatalysis, and the inspiration to rationally design the amorphized nanoarrays of electrocatalysts.
Effect of aerobic exercise on brain metabolite profiles in mice models of methamphetamine addiction: LC-MS-based metabolomics study
Authors: Xu Jisheng , Li Xue , Zhu Zhicheng , Jin Yu , Wei Changlin , Wang Yi
Published: January 2023

In recent years, an increasing number of studies have used metabolomics techniques to uncover the underlying mechanisms of diseases, including substance abuse. Although physical exercise has been considered as a potential treatment for methamphetamine (MA) abuse, there is still a lack of studies regarding exercise modulating the metabolic profile of the brain following MA use. This untargeted metabolomics study, based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on MA-induced metabolism in mice brain. We found that 2 weeks of treadmill training modulates MA-induced metabolic disturbances in the brain. Among these metabolites, 129 metabolites with significant differences were identified under MA induction, and 32 metabolites were significantly affected by exercise. The relevant differential metabolites were mainly enriched in glycerophospholipid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and degradation, and renin-angiotensin system pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use LC-MS approach to explore the effects of aerobic exercise on MA-induced metabolic profiles in the brain. The findings of this study provide new insights into exercise therapy for MA use.
Negative symptoms and cognitive impairment are associated with distinct motivational deficits in treatment resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Saleh Youssuf , Jarratt-Barnham Isaac , Petitet Pierre , Fernandez-Egea Emilo , Manohar Sanjay , Husain Masud
Published: January 2023

Background:
Motivational deficits are a central feature of the negative syndrome in schizophrenia. They have consistently been associated with reduced willingness to expend physical effort in return for monetary rewards on effort based decision making (EBDM) paradigms. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying such altered performance are not well characterised, and it remains unclear if they are driven purely by negative symptoms, or also in part by cognitive impairment, antipsychotic treatment or even positive symptoms. Here we investigated the impact of all these factors using a paradigm that has not previously been used to measure EBDM in schizophrenia.
Methods:
Forty treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients on clozapine and matched controls (N = 80) completed a well validated EBDM task which offers monetary rewards in return for physical effort. Choice and reaction time data was analysed using logistic regressions, as well as Bayesian hierarchical drift diffusion modelling (HDDM). Behavioural parameters were compared between groups and their association with negative symptoms, cognitive function and serum clozapine levels were assessed.
Results:
Overall, TRS patients were significantly less motivated than controls during effort-based decision making. They demonstrated reduced sensitivity to increasing rewards, but surprisingly were also less averse to increasing effort. Despite a positive correlation between negative symptoms and cognitive function in TRS, reward sensitivity was associated only with cognitive performance. In contrast, reduced effort aversion correlated with negative symptom severity. Clozapine levels and positive symptoms were not associated with either behavioural parameter.
Conclusion:
Motivational deficits in TRS are characterised by both diminished reward sensitivity and reduced effort aversion during EBDM. Cognitive dysfunction and negative symptom severity account for distinct aspects of these behavioural changes, despite positive associations between themselves. Overall, these findings demonstrate that negative symptoms and cognitive impairment have significant independent contributions to EBDM in TRS, thereby opening the possibility of individualised treatment targeting these mechanisms to improve motivation.
Natural restoration of degraded karst vegetation shifts the acquisition strategy of soil microbial phosphorus by enhancing organic phosphorus and decreasing inorganic phosphorus cycling potentials
Authors: Dai Yu , Chen Danmei , Zang Lipeng , Zhang Guangqi , Liu Qingfu , He Yuejun , Ding Fangjun , Wang Shasha , Zhou Chunjie , Yang Yousu , Li Yujuan
Published: January 2023

AimsSoil phosphorus (P) cycling in karst regions is mainly regulated by microbial activities. Natural restoration has been widely adopted in the degraded karst regions of southwestern China. However, the responses of functional genes and microbial communities involved in soil P cycling to revegetation have not been well characterized.MethodsWe used metagenomic sequencing to investigate the genes and microorganisms related to soil P cycling derived from natural restoration stages (shrubbery, TG; secondary forest, SG; old-growth forest, OG) in the southeast of Guizhou Province, China.ResultsNatural restoration affected the composition of soil P cycling genes. When TG returned to OG, the relative abundance of organic P (OP) mineralization genes increased from 45.78% to 48.38%, while the genes related to inorganic P (IP) solubilization decreased from 27.19% to 25.03%. Compared to aboveground plant diversity, soil nutrients more affected the relative abundances of OP and IP genes. Structural equation model (SEM) further indicated that soil nutrients directly drove the increase in the relative abundance of OP genes and indirectly impacted the relative abundance of IP genes. We also found that Proteobacteria (38.97%–52.72%) and Actinobacteria (13.44%–29.34%) were the main contributors to soil OP and IP cycling genes but their contributions varied among the restoration stages.ConclusionsNatural restoration of the degraded karst vegetation shifted the acquisition strategy of soil microbial P by enhancing OP but decreasing IP cycling potentials. This study provides a novel insight into the regulation of P cycling in the ecological restoration of degraded karst regions from microbial perspective.
Lasmiditan Hemisuccinate: Selective Separation and Validation of Process Related Impurities by HPLC
Authors: Bhaskar P. Vijay , Reddy E. Venkata , Reddy M. Maheswar , Raghavendra A. , Kumar A. Varun , Kapoor Shaik Anil , Tejasri N. , Yakaiah D. , Karthikeyan T. , Reddy A. N. Kishore Kumar
Published: January 2023

A rapid and efficient gradient RP-HPLC method was developed for the selective separation and determination of process related impurities of Lasmiditan Hemisuccinate (LDT) and its degradation products in bulk drugs. Chromatographic separation of five process related impurities of LDT was tested on Eclipse XDB C8, Primasil C18, Inertsil ODS 3V, and Zorbax SB-phenyl columns for efficient separation. A mobile phase consisting of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 7.2) and methanol was eluted in a gradient mode and monitored with a UV/PDA detector at 260 nm. Forced degradation studies were conducted on LDT to evaluate its stability under various conditions. The drug was found to be stable under neutral, thermal, and photolytic degradation conditions, while unstable in acidic, alkaline, and peroxide conditions. Chromatographic separation and identification of LDT degradation products were carried out using LC-MS. Chromatographic separation of the degradation products was achieved on Intersil ODS 3V C18 column using gradient elution, with a mixture of phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 7.2) and methanol as mobile phase. The developed method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness according to ICH guidelines and can be used in quality control to determine the impurities of LDT and evaluate its stability.
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane isolated and injectable-PRF-mixed particulate bovine bone graft in rattibiae non-critical defects healing
Authors: Soares Lélio Fernando Ferreira , Carrera Thaisa Macedo Iunes , Alves Roberta de Oliveira , Marcantonio Camila Chiérici , Cirelli Joni Augusto , de Oliveira Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes , Neves Juliana dos Santos , Mariano Ronaldo Célio , Pigossi Suzane Cristina
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Modeling and analysis of upper limb kinematics in sign language recognition
Authors: Chen hf , di changan
Published: January 2023

Analysis of sign language characteristics is of great significance to the establishment of sign language recognition systems. However, a unified standard is required to evaluate whether the collected and analyzed characteristics are complete and can effectively characterize sign language gestures. In this study, a complete upper limb kinematics model is established for sign language based on the Denavit–Hartenberg (DH) robotics kinematics model; the expression of key nodes and the determination method of model parameters based on upper limb sign language are analyzed; the inverse kinematics solving equation is established according to the actual sign language expression, and the correctness of the platform inverse kinematics equation is verified. This study establishes a theoretical basis for the application research of the platform so as to provide model support for judging the completeness of the characteristic analysis.
Endothelin-1, a marker for systemic lupus erythematosus?
Authors: Li Rong , Yang Chan , Tang Yang-Yang , Wang Da-Cheng , Huang An-Fang , Xu Wang-Dong
Published: January 2023

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic rheumatic disorder. Endothelin-1, a vasoconstrictor, belongs to the endothelin family. To date, association between ET-1 and pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear.
Method: This case-control study was carried out by 314 SLE, 252 other inflammatory autoimmune diseases patients and 500 healthy controls. Serum ET-1, CCN3, IL-28B levels were detected by ELISA, and ET-1 gene polymorphisms (rs5369, rs5370, rs1476046, rs2070699, rs2071942, rs2071943, rs3087459, rs4145451, rs6458155, rs9369217) were genotyped with KASP.
Results: Raised ET-1 concentrations in SLE patients correlated with clinical characteristics. Serum CCN3, IL-28B expressions were higher in SLE patients, and ET-1 levels were positively correlated with the two cytokines. Rs5370, rs1476046, rs2070699, rs2071942, rs2071943, rs3087459, rs6458155 and rs2070699 were associated with SLE risk. Rs2070699 (T, TT) was related to alopecia. Rs5370 (T, TT, TG), rs1476046 (G,GA), rs2071942 (G,GA) and rs2071943 (G,GA) were associated with pericarditis, pyuria and fever manifestations. Rs3087459 (CC) and rs9369217 (TC) were relevant to anti-SSB indicator. Rs5369 (AA) was associated with IgG and CRP levels.
Conclusion: elevated serum ET-1 in SLE patients may be a potential disease marker, and its gene polymorphisms were relevant to SLE susceptibility.
Efficiency comparison of Enterobacter cloacae and Saccharomyces boulardii in biodegradation of crude oil in water
Authors: awad suadad , hatif zainab hani
Published: January 2023

Seeking new effective crude oil-degrading microorganisms was the aim of this study, wereSaccharomyces boulardiiandEnterobacter cloacaeused separately and as a combination of (bacteria and yeast) in crude oil biodegradation was used and estimated of its degradation by Gas chromatography. The result revealed that the most effective degradation rate was when used the mixture of bacteria (Enterobacter cloacae) and yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii) reached to 60%.
Don’t sweat it: The biocultural relationship between stress and female olfactory ability
Authors: Sponholtz Julia , Guitar Amanda , Lynn Christopher
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Stress is a mental and physical phenomenon, affecting functions throughout the body. When someone is stressed, they might twitch, stumble over their words, look tense, or sweat. However, these are all visual and auditory clues. We wanted to investigate if people can pick up on the olfactory signals of stress as well. More specifically, we investigated whether sweat produced by individuals who report higher stress is perceived differently than those who report lower levels of stress.
Methods:
To study the link between stress and smell, we started with two groups of participants. One set of participants (n = 19) wore t-shirts overnight and completed several surveys about their mental and emotional states. Another set of participants (n = 18) smelled the t-shirts and rated the odors in terms of disgust, intensity, and pleasantness.
Results:
We found that individuals reporting higher perceived stress, negative affect, and poorer sleep quality had higher ratings of disgust by the t-shirt smellers (p < .05). Likewise, if the t-shirt wearers had higher positive affect scores, then their shirts tended to be rated higher on pleasantness.
Conclusions:
These results suggest a biocultural relationship between stress and smell where olfactory cues of stress are detectable by others and are perceived negatively.
"We give our all": Mothers’ experience of participating in the care of their newborns in newborn care units in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Wanduru Phillip , Hanson Claudia , Waiswa Peter , Kakooza-Mwesige Angelina , Alvesson Helle Mölsted
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Mothers’ participation in the care of their sick newborns in newborn care units (NCUs) has been linked to several advantages including earlier discharge, fewer complications, better mother-baby bonding, and an easier transition after discharge. This study aimed to understand mothers' experiences while participating in the care of their sick newborns in the NCUs to inform interventions promoting mothers’ participation in resource-limited settings.
Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study comprised of 18 in-depth interviews with mothers caring for their newborns in two NCUs at a regional referral and general hospital in Eastern Uganda between April and May 2022. The interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed. For analysis, we used a thematic approach.
Results:
Mothers participated in activities ranging from the more basic, like breastfeeding and skin-to-skin care, to the more “clinical”, including tasks such as nasal gastric feeding, and oxygen therapy provision. Mothers were eager to participate in care. The fear of losing their baby was a major underlying sentiment driving their participation. Mothers' perspectives on i) medical care, ii) the living space in the NCU, and iii) their support system emerged as key themes. Mothers expressed varying degrees of confidence in care, depending on whether or not their baby was improving. Although some mothers needed medical attention, NCU staff only paid attention to the baby. NCU space was crowded, and mothers expressed a lack of control over their personal space. Mothers turned to families to mobilize resources because caring for babies was logistically and financially taxing. Family member support roles and expectation were gendered.
Conclusion:
This study indicates that mothers are eager to participate in their babies' care in the NCU. Many negative experiences, however, taint mothers' participation in their babies' care. Interventions to encourage mothers' participation in the NICU should focus on improving NCU staff-mother interaction, privacy, and space issues, and leveraging the family's role in supporting mothers.
Single Molecular Localizations of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel NaV1.5 on the Surfaces of Normal and Cancer Breast Cells
Authors: Li Xinyu , Zhao Li , Feng Rongrong , Du Xiaowei , Guo Zelin , Meng Yu , Zou Yulan , Liao Wenchao , Liu Qiyuan , Sheng Yaohuan , Zhao Gaowei , Zhong Haijian , Zhao Weidong
Published: January 2023

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are widely expressed in various types of tumor and cancer cells, and NaV1.5 are overexpression in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. There may be positive relations between the expression levels of NaV1.5 and the breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. Herein, NaV1.5 were detected and localized on the surfaces of normal and cancer breast cells by Single Molecular Recognition Imaging mode (SMRI) of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The results reveal that NaV1.5 were irregularly distributed on the surfaces of normal and cancer breast cells. The NaV1.5 take an area percentage of 0.6% and 7.2% on normal and cancer breast cells, respectively, which indicates that there are more NaV1.5 on cancer cells than normal cells. The specific interaction forces and binding kinetics between NaV1.5-antibody complex system were investigated with Single Molecular Force Spectroscopy (SMFS) mode of AFM, indicating that the stability of the NaV1.5-antibody on normal breast cells is higher than cancer breast cells. All these results will be useful to study the interactions of other ion channel-antibody systems, and will also be useful to understand the role of sodium channels in tumor metastasis and invasion.
Circumferential Spray Patternation of the Pressure-Swirl Atomizers
Authors: Nural Ozan Ekin , Ertunç Özgür
Published: January 2023

Pressure-swirl atomizers (PSAs) are commonly used in aerospace engines and various industrial settings. Even though the design of PSAs is simple, the internal flow dynamics can be quite complex due to the presence of swirling motion, turbulence, and an air core. While certain parameters such as spray angle and droplet distribution have been widely studied and modeled, the circumferential distribution of the atomizer flow is not well understood. The objectives of this study are to identify the cause of non-uniformity in the spray produced by PSAs and to develop a uniformity model to predict the level of circumferential patternation of spray. To accomplish this, 3D numerical simulations were run on a range of PSAs, and three atomizers were fabricated using laser-lithography to ensure maximum manufacturing precision. Of the fabricated atomizers, two exhibited uniform distributions, while the other had deficiencies in both internal and external flow fields. LIF/Mie experiments on a radial plane and high-speed images on central axial plane of the manufactured atomizers were conducted.The results indicated that non-uniformity in the internal flow greatly impacts downstream droplet distribution. The root cause of non-uniformity was determined to be the interaction of inlet flows as they enter the swirl chamber. A new semi-empirical uniformity model, based on experimental data, was developed and found to be more accurate than existing models.
Selection of plant species and substrates affect the removal rates of the metals from solid waste leachate in horizontal flow constructed wetlands?
Authors: Batool Ammara
Published: January 2023

Present work reported a systematic assessment of treatment efficacy for two pilot-scale horizontal flow constructed wetlands for metal (zinc, copper and lead) removal over the course of one year in an outdoor study to evaluate the effects of plant and substrates. The systems consisted of horizontal flow wetland with 0.3m depth, filled with sand and zeolite. One system was planted with Vetiveria zizanioides and Chloris gayna and other was planted with Eucalyptus globulus, while one left unplanted as control. Percentage removal rates with respect to the performance of plants and substrates for both HF systems were discussed. The HF1 wetland removed Zn, Cu and Pb by 50–93%, 67–98% and 77–99%, respectively. Whereas, HF2 wetland removed Zn, Cu and Pb by 60–99%, 78–99% and 78–99% respectively. Plants and substrates clearly enhanced treatment efficacy (p<0.05) despite of fluctuation in temperature and influent concentration and also improved the performance of plants for removal of metals without exerting stress on their proliferation within wetlands.
Human impacts on risk of antibiotics in soil differentially depend on land system across scales
Authors: Zhao Fangkai , Yang Lei , Yen Haw , Feng Qingyu , Li Min , Chen Liding
Published: January 2023

Antibiotics have been widely used to protect human health and improve food production, however, they persist in soil and undermine ecosystem sustainability. The human impacts on soil susceptibility to antibiotic pollution on various spatial scales are poorly understood. Here, we predicted the geographic characteristics of antibiotic pollution risk and explored the corresponding human impacts on multiple spatial scales in China, a representative of high level of human activity. Given that human activities increase antibiotic pollution risk, land systems play a more fundamental role in risk increase than do population and economic growth. With decreasing spatial scale, land use composition had pronounced contributions to antibiotic pollution risk instead of land management strategy (55.9 ± 13.4% vs. 7.0 ± 1.7%). Furthermore, we identified the regions of concern, and thresholds of the effects of land system intensification on risk increase based on their non-linear changes. The scale-dependent relationships elucidate the sustainability of human–environment systems across spatial scales, which is beneficial to the establishment of strategies and action plans worldwide.
Butyrate alleviates cognitive impairment by improving gut mucosal barrier function and blocking neuroinflammatory signaling in LDLR-/- mice
Authors: Song Ruijuan , Gao Hui , Jiang Hui , Zhang Weiguo , Han Shufen
Published: January 2023

Background

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, possess neuroactive properties. The present study aimed to explore whether SCFAs-butyrate can repress neuroinflammation and alleviate cognitive impairment via improving gut mucosal barrier function and mediating tryptophan metabolism in LDLR−/− mice.

Methods

LDLR−/− mice were fed an atherosclerotic diet with 1.25% cholesterol and 40% calories from fat and concomitantly treated by intragastric administration with either normal saline as model group or 400mg/kg/day sodium butyrate for 8 weeks.

Results

For gut barrier function, butyrate increased expression of tight junction protein, and inhibited intestinal inflammatory pathways by targeting the toll-like receptor 4 signaling and the nod-like receptors domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Subsequently, butyrate reduced not only the serum lipopolysaccharide level but also its capability to cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to the suppression of tau phosphorylation and the improvement of neuroinflammation by inhibiting the increase in reactive microglia and astrocytes, and blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the cortex and hippocampus. Final behavioral tests indicated that butyrate delayed cognitive impairment via decreasing latency to the platform and lengthening swimming distance in the target quadrant. Nevertheless, butyrate showed no effect on serotonin, indoleacetic acid, L-kynurenine, niacinamide, and their metabolites, indicating that the observed effects on cognitive function are unrelated to the tryptophan metabolism.

Conclusion

In summary, the present study provided the novel experimental evidence that butyrate played a neuroprotective role by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. The reduction of neuroinflammation may be related to the improvement of gut mucosal barrier function and the decrease of the penetration of intestinal endotoxin from the gut to the central nervous system.
A comparative Analysis of Mediating Effects of Governance on Human Capital Skill, Infrastructure and Industrial Sector Growth: Evidence from ECA, ECCAS, ECOWAS, and SADC.
Authors: Keji Sunday Anderu , Mbonigaba Josue , Akinola Gbenga Wilfred
Published: January 2023

Mediating roles of governance are pertinent to industrial sector growth in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA), especially during this period of fiscal belt-tightening recovery from the global pandemic. Evidence suggests that mediating roles of governance in SSA on human capital skill development and infrastructural development for industrial sector growth could have been better compared to other regions. Lack of “political will” to address low productive skills and dilapidated spread of infrastructural techs have compromised productivity growth in SSA. The study hypothesized that governance positively affects human capital skills and infrastructure techs to influence industrial sector growth across the sub-region. Sub-sample and Sys-GMM analysis showed statistically significant effects of governance on industrial output growth via human capital and infrastructure indicators. Similarly, a comparative analysis via Fixed Effect Least Square Dummy Variable (FE-LSDV), as suggested by the Hausman test, was adopted to examine sub-regional specific mediating effects of governance across SSA. The LSDV outcomes from the combined model were compared with the LSDV outcomes from specific models to systematically establish the true nature of mediating effects of governance via human capital skill and infrastructure on industrial output growth in SSA. The overall results showed different significant effects from human capital skill development and infrastructural-tech development on industrial sector growth based on the strength of fiscal allocations across sub-regional countries. Therefore, countries at the sub-regional level should draft more policy support to prioritize factor input based on their specific need and competitive advantage to reduce the cost of governance and production for rapid industrial growth.
JEL Classification: C1 H4 L8
Empirical Approach of Indirect Tax Compliances: Study on Factors of Indirect Tax Compliance in India
Authors: Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rakesh
Published: January 2023

A vital aspect of indirect tax is compliance procedure. There have been several problems with tax compliance. Previous research has shown that people have typically been hesitant to pay their taxes. More than 160 countries throughout the world have implemented a goods and services tax. India implemented GST on July 1, 2017. It is imperative to eliminate every aspect connected to tax disputes. research based on empirical data. Online information gathered from North India business owners based on awareness about the goods and services tax. Data only gathered from businesses that registered for goods and services tax. Explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are used to analyse the study. Using SPSS and AMOS, a structure equation model was created. The study identifies the tax compliance component that contributes to the efficient implementation of the GDDOS and service tax procedures. Study is only conducted in the north Indian region and on the facts that are chosen for analysis.
Women’s Participation in Income Generating Activities and its Effect on Household Dietary Diversity in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kumalo M. T. , Gebre G.G.
Published: January 2023

Despite the existence of evidences on women’s income generating activities (IGAs) as a key way to promote their socioeconomic empowerment and gender equality that in turn has linkage to food and nutrition security, women in rural Ethiopia yet face exclusion based on the socio cultural norms of patriarchy that deprives their access and better participation in various economic activities. Therefore, we focused on factors affecting women’s participation in IGAs and its effect on household dietary diversity (HDD). Data for the study were collected from 356 women and their household dietary diversity score was constructed using 24-hour recall period. Mixed method approach, the descriptive and inferential statistics for the quantitative data and thematic content analysis for the qualitative data were used for analysis. Thus, from the totalsurveyed women, 38.4 % was engaged in their own IGAs (less participation). The result of descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative analyses suggest that formal education, business training, business experience, initial capital, cooperative membership, cultivable land and livestock sizes positively affect women participation in IGAs whereas, distance from nearest market negatively affects their participation. Further analyses indicate that women participation in IGAs plays a significant role on increasing HDD.
Hydro-Geochemical Conditions under Projected Climate Change Scenarios of Marshyangdi River, Nepal
Authors: Singh Reeta , Kayastha Sadhana Pradhananga , Shrestha Suman Man , Sapkota Ramesh Prasad
Published: January 2023

Assessment of hydro-geochemical processes in a Himalayan River fed by snow and glaciers in the context of global climate change is crucial to understanding the changes in water quality due to natural and anthropogenic influences. Thus, the hydro-geochemical status of water quality was analyzed in a snow-fed Himalayan Watershed, Marshyangdi located in western Nepal for current and future scenarios under the medium (RCP 4.5) and pessimistic (RCP 8.5) representative concentration pathways (RCPs) for two seasons (pre-and post-monsoon, 2019) based on multiple regional climate models. Flow at each sampling site of a total of twenty-one sites was estimated from a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) hydrological model and then the concentration of water quality for the future was determined. A descriptive analysis of water quality was carried and a Piper plot diagram for evaluating the spatiotemporal variation as well as the hydro-geochemical status of water for the current and future scenarios. The results reveal alkaline water in the watershed based on pH values that follow the pattern of average ionic dominance Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ for cations and HCO3− > Cl− > NO3− for anions indicating the carbonate-dominated lithology in the Marshyangdi Watershed for the current scenarios. However, for future scenarios dominance of cations is different for the respective seasons Ca2+> Na++K+ >Mg2+ and Na++K+ > Mg2+ > Ca2 with similar anion composition with respect to current scenarios under both RCPs.
Species-specific exudates from marine phytoplankton drive microbial community composition
Authors: Briand Enora , Lassudrie Malwenn , Noël Cyril , Jauzein Cécile , Labry Claire , Lacour Thomas , Berard Jean-Baptiste , Nef Charlotte , Raimbault Virginie , Sibat Manoëlla , Schreiber Nathalie , Garnier Matthieu
Published: January 2023

Phytoplankton-bacteria interactions are governed by the transformation of algal-derived organic matter, exchange of metabolites and infochemicals. However, the assembly of the bacterial community within the phycosphere is not well understood. In this study, we performed experiments to tease apart the role of species-specific exometabolites, bacterial/bacterial interactions and algal/bacterial interactions in shaping bacterial community within the phycophere. Twelve bacterial isolates, representative of the main members of the phycosphere microbiome were selected and exposed to phytoplankton extracellular fractions (PEF) from Alexandrium minutum, Prymnesium parvum and Tisochrysis lutea. While all bacterial isolates were able to grow individually on the different PEF, the bacterial community analysis indicated that some species were selected and others were not when grown in a synthetic community (SynCom). In addition, we compared the SynCom assembly in the absence or presence of the harmful algal cells. If PEF, irrespective of the producing alga, allowed the growth of copiotrophic strains, we found that exometabolites of the two different species led to distinct SynCom composition and that the presence of algal cells also influenced the bacterial assemblage. Overall, our results support the assertion that algal exudates and the presence of algae are the main factors driving the composition of the bacterial community.
The prognostic factors in children with status epilepticus & status epilepticus severity score scales
Authors: bilge serap , Mert GüEN Gül , Hergüner Özlem
Published: January 2023

Status epilepticus according to International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2015’ classification is a seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes or has more than 1 seizure within 5 minutes, without returning to a normal level of consciousness between episodes. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic factors in status epilepticus and to compare our patients to score systems that are used internationally asPEDSS Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category Scale,EEG,Drug refractoriness,Semiology, and CriticalSickness andmSTESS modifiedStatusEpilepticusSeverityScore to determine the prognosis. of SE to find out the availability of these score systems.Method &Material: The medical records of patients aged 1 month to 17 years with status epilepticus who approached Çukurova University-Balcalı Training and Research Hospital from September 2018 to September 2021 followed in the intensive care unit were included in the study.Results: The mean age of the patients with SE is 5 years old (3–8). The male-to-female ratio is 34 (47%) / 38(53%). A history of epilepsy was present in 53% of the patients. The most common etiologies behind SE were meningoencephalitis (19%), febrile status ( 10%), unknown 9 (12%), and genetic causes ( 7%). The co-morbidities including developmental delay/intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, vision/ hearing impairment, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder were present in 44(61%) of the patients with SE. The cut-off was > 2 for unfavorable outcomes and 4 for mortality with the scoring system of mSTESS and the cut-off for poor prognosis was ≥ 3 at the hospital before discharge and 6 for mortality. For PEDSS score ssytem. generalized type of seizures and non-convulsive SE, slowing and abnormal ground in EEG, being stuporous or comatose, abnormal MRI-CT, higher PCPCS score, PEDSS ≥ 3, and presence of comorbid condition were in unfavorable prognosis in SE in children.Conclusion: PEDSS and mSTESS are useful and practical score systems that should be used in predicting the prognosis of status epilepticus. Generalized type of seizures and non-convulsive SE, slowing and abnormal ground in EEG, being stuporous or comatose, abnormal MRI-CT, and presence of comorbid condition were in favour of poor prognosis in status epilepticus in children.
Fertile Intersectional F1 Hybrids of 4x Andean Blueberry (Vaccinium meridionale) and 4x American Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)
Authors: Ehlenfeldt Mark K. , Polashock James J. , Vorsa Nicholi , Zalapa Juan , de la Torre Fernando , Luteyn James L.
Published: January 2023

Vaccinium meridionale (section Pyxothamnus), a tetraploid species native to higher altitude locations in Jamaica, Colombia, and Venezuela, is of interest to Vaccinium breeders for its profuse, concentrated springtime flowering and monopodial plant structure, both of which may be useful in breeding for mechanical harvest. In this study, tetraploid V. meridionale was hybridized successfully as a male with 4x V. macrocarpon (section Oxycoccos, American cranberry). The first-generation hybrids with 4x cranberry were intermediate in morphology and notably vigorous. The 4x F1 hybrids displayed a vining plant structure, increased flower bud numbers, and white campanulate flowers. The F1 hybrids displayed modest fertility as females upon selfing and backcrossing to 4x V. macrocarpon. Evaluations of male fertility found good pollen production and a range of pollen quality ranging from very good to poor. Hybrids functioned well as males in crosses that used US 1930, a V. meridionale–V. vitis-idaea hybrid as the female. The fertility suggests that these hybrids, despite being derived from intersectional crosses, might be used conventionally in cranberry breeding without significant difficulty.
Managing Postharvest Storage Issues in ‘Shiranui’ Mandarin
Authors: Obenland David , Arpaia Mary Lu
Published: January 2023

‘Shiranui’ is a mandarin (Citrus reticulata var. austera) that is highly treasured for its unique and delicious flavor, and obtains premium prices in the marketplace. Although flavorful, ‘Shiranui’ tends to develop off-flavor during storage. In this study we examined the use of different storage wax (SW) and pack wax (PW) combinations to determine whether flavor in ‘Shiranui’ can be improved after storage by adjusting wax coating protocols. In the initial test, either SW or no wax was applied after harvest, and each was followed by an application of SW or one of two types of PW after 1 day, 3 weeks, or 7 weeks of storage and then held 1 week at either 7 or 20 °C. Results indicate that the initial wax was not an important factor but the use of SW instead of either type of PW as the final coating led to greater internal oxygen levels in the fruit and less off-flavor formation. The lessening of off-flavor by SW was significant only after 20 °C of storage, when off-flavor was greatest. Greater weight loss accompanied the use of SW as the final coating. In a second test, SW with greater solids concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) were evaluated to attempt to reduce weight loss, but this led to greater development of off-flavor and loss in acceptability than observed when using SW with 1% solids in test 1. ‘Shiranui’ is prone to developing off-flavor in storage, but this may be mitigated, at least in part, by using SW as the final wax rather than PW.
Crystal structure of calcium-ferrite type NaAlSiO4 up to 45 GPa
Authors: Qin Fei , Wu Ye , Xue Shengchao , Zhang Dongzhou , Wu Xiang , Jacobsen Steven D.
Published: January 2023

Alkali-rich aluminous high-pressure phases including calcium-ferrite (CF) type NaAlSiO4 are thought to constitute ~20% by volume of subducted mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) under lower mantle conditions. As a potentially significant host for incompatible elements in the deep mantle, knowledge of the crystal structure and physical properties of CF-type phases is therefore important to understanding the crystal chemistry of alkali storage and recycling in the Earth’s mantle. We determined the evolution of the crystal structure of pure CF-NaAlSiO4 and Fe-bearing CF-NaAlSiO4 at pressures up to ~45 GPa using synchrotron-based, single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Using the high-pressure lattice parameters, we also determined a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state, with V0 = 241.6(1) Å3, KT0 = 220(4) GPa, and KT0′ = 2.6(3) for Fe-free CF, and V0 = 244.2(2) Å3, KT0 = 211(6) GPa, and KT0′ = 2.6(3) for Fe-bearing CF. The addition of Fe into CF-NaAlSiO4 resulted in a 10 ± 5% decrease in the stiffest direction of linear compressibility along the c-axis, leading to stronger elastic anisotropy compared with the Fe-free CF phase. The NaO8 polyhedra volume is 2.6 times larger and about 60% more compressible than the octahedral (Al,Si)O6 sites, with K0NaO8 = 127 GPa and K0(Al,Si)O6 ~304 GPa. Raman spectra of the pure CF-type NaAlSiO4 sample shows that the pressure coefficient of the mean vibrational mode, 1.60(7) cm–1/GPa, is slightly higher than 1.36(6) cm−1/GPa obtained for the Fe-bearing CF-NaAlSiO4 sample. The ability of CF-type phases to contain incompatible elements such as Na beyond the stability field of jadeite requires larger and less-compressible NaO8 polyhedra. Detailed high-pressure crystallographic information for the CF phases provides knowledge on how large alkali metals are hosted in alumina framework structures with stability well into the lowermost mantle.
Unsupervised and supervised learning of interacting topological phases from single-particle correlation functions
Authors: Tibaldi Simone , Magnifico Giuseppe , Vodola Davide , Ercolessi Elisa
Published: January 2023

The recent advances in machine learning algorithms have boosted the
application of these techniques to the field of condensed matter
physics, in order e.g. to classify the phases of matter at equilibrium
or to predict the real-time dynamics of a large class of physical
models. Typically in these works, a machine learning algorithm is
trained and tested on data coming from the same physical model. Here we
demonstrate that unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques
are able to predict phases of a non-exactly solvable model when trained
on data of a solvable model. In particular, we employ a training set
made by single-particle correlation functions of a non-interacting
quantum wire and by using principal component analysis, k-means
clustering, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and
convolutional neural networks we reconstruct the phase diagram of an
interacting superconductor. We show that both the principal component
analysis and the convolutional neural networks trained on the data of
the non-interacting model can identify the topological phases of the
interacting model. Our findings indicate that non-trivial phases of
matter emerging from the presence of interactions can be identified by
means of unsupervised and supervised techniques applied to data of
non-interacting systems.
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA IN WADI FERMENTATION PRODUCTS OF DIGESTIVE ORGANS OF EEL (ANGUILLA SP.) BASED ON 16SRRNA GENE
Authors:   Medical Laboratory Technology Study Program, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia., Suganda Haris , Ardi Afriansyah Muhammad ,   Medical Laboratory Technology Study Program, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia., Rahmawati Sulistyaningtyas Ayu ,   Medical Laboratory Technology Study Program, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia., Norma Ethica Stalis ,   Master of Clinical Laboratory Science Study Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia., Fitria Aprianti Nurannisa ,   Midwifery Study Program, STIKes Hamzar Lombok Timur, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
Published: January 2023

In the field of food and health, protease enzymes have an important function in the process of tenderizing meat, reducing gluten, and treating type II diabetes. Utilization of biological resources such as plants, animals and microorganisms such as bacteria is carried out to produce new sources of protease enzymes. This study aims to isolate the protease enzyme-producing bacteria contained in the wadi fermented product of the digestive organs of eel after 7 days of fermentation. Bacterial isolation was carried out by culture method using Nutrient Agar (NA) media and obtained 5 bacterial colonies with unique morphology. The selection test for protease-producing bacteria was carried out using Skim Milk Agar (SMA) media and 3 isolates of proteolytic bacteria were obtained, with the highest protein hydrolysis index of 1.85 owned by isolate WFA51 (Wadi-fermented Anguilla 51). Identification of WFA51 isolates was carried out molecularly using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with the target of amplification of the 16S rRNA gene using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method with the result of 1 band measuring ~1500. The results of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing of WFA51 bacterial isolates using the Sanger method showed 1206 bp DNA sequences with 83% similarity and 57% query cover with Acidovoraxlacteus strain M36 bacteria. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the wadi fermented product of the digestive organs of eel (Anguilla sp.) is a source of proteolytic bacteria, one of which is Acidovorax sp. WFA51.
ARCADE PI THEME: RETRO DIGITAL GAMES
Authors: da Fonseca Neves Jhonatan , Carlos Fernandes da Rocha Luis , Mark Lobo de Oliveira Jean
Published: January 2023

Currently for the most nostalgic in the world of games, playing a game title on the Super Nintendo on an original console is practically a rarity. There are alternatives on the internet to play on computers, but it is always necessary to take a computer or notebook to enjoy these games and we are not always able to take them to other places. This project intends to demonstrate how a classic game can be digitally preserved and show this retro gaming culture to younger people. All through a mini- microcomputer known as Orange PI - old digital games. It will address the functionality strategies and configurations of the system that will be installed on the console, hardware and software model and its components and equipment for such development. Soon after the introduction, some authors thoughts on this project will be shown, their contribution to having a more in-depth look at classic games, which helped a lot in the development of the project.Its methodology details the construction of the Orange PI - old digital games, all these steps will be described in detail from its assembly to the allocation of the games library in the console. Its result was very satisfactory, for what was wanted to develop, but this console can still be improved a lot.
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AMONG WOMEN: A SAMPLE STUDY OF WOMEN AT SUMMER HILL, SHIMLA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Home Science., Bhambu Suman
Published: January 2023

The study was conducted to find out the level of awareness among women as the environmental degradation touching such alarming proportions it is felt that we all must be pro-active in preserving it. With this object, it was decided to find out a target group and analyze its awareness about the environmental concerns. The effort was to look for a group whose awareness would impact not only itself but a large number of people around. Teachers could be one such group, the other could be students. The search ultimately narrowed down to women, whose awareness of the environmental concerns would be beneficial for the entire family. Besides, she is the one who could inculcate the positive attitude about the issue among the children right from childhood, which would go a long way in preserving the environment. Therefore, we prepared a questionnaire to test environmental awareness among women of different age groups staying at Summer Hill, Shimla.