bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOMUNIKASI HARMONI DALAM SOCIETY 4.0
Authors: Novida Irawan  , Anna Nurjanah  , Sri Hesti  , Radyta A. Burhanuddin  , May Rizdiana Santi  , Dani Siswardhani  , Iche Hilvania  , Anastasia Lintang P  , Annisa Damayanti  , Indah Fajar Rosalina
Published: February 2025

Keterampilan berkomunikasi di era globalisasi saat ini diperlukan baik oleh generasi tua maupun muda, dari berbagai kalangan baik itu pejabat maupun civitas akademik seperti guru dan pelajar. Kemampuan seperti Public Speaking dan Marketing Product menjadi kebutuhan yang tidak terelakkan saat ini. Keterampilan ini dapat mengembangkan kualitas pribadi, meningkatkan citra diri dan reputasi diri, serta menunjang kesuksesan secara keseluruhan di masa mendatang. Namun, masih banyak individu yang belum menyadari mengenai pentingnya keterampilan tersebut. Program pengabdian masyarakat berupa pelatihan ilmu komunikasi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tersebut, terutama di lingkungan pendidikan di kalangan civitas akademika. daerah.
Diagnóstico y manejo de la enfermedad ulcerosa péptica: revisión de literatura
Authors: Montenegro Sisalema Renato Zamir , Sotomayor Haro Joselyne Dayana , Acosta Pozo María Alejandra , Silva Mena Jennifer Carolina , Godoy Hernández Jasmina Natalia , Mendieta Vélez Elvis Jordano , Cando Cruz Lizbeth Anahí , Valarezo Gallardo Anggie Gabriela
Published: February 2025

La enfermedad ulcerosa péptica (EUP) es una patología frecuente que afecta significativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes y representa un desafío clínico debido a su etiología multifactorial, que incluye la infección por Helicobacter pylori y el uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINEs) como factores principales. Este artículo de revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo proporcionar una actualización integral sobre el diagnóstico y manejo de la EUP, basada en la evidencia disponible en la literatura científica. Se abordan las herramientas diagnósticas más relevantes, como la endoscopia digestiva alta y las pruebas específicas para H. pylori, destacando su importancia en la identificación de las causas subyacentes. En cuanto al tratamiento, se revisan las estrategias actuales, incluyendo el uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP), esquemas de erradicación de H. pylori y medidas para minimizar el impacto de los AINEs. Asimismo, se discuten las complicaciones asociadas, como hemorragias, perforaciones y estenosis, y las recomendaciones para su prevención. Este trabajo busca servir como una herramienta útil para profesionales de la salud al sintetizar información clave y promover un enfoque integral en el manejo de esta condición.
Fracturas de tobillo en pacientes geriátricos: una Revisión Narrativa
Authors: Paucar Llapapasca Sixto Duberli , Flores Yandún Edisson Marcelo , Coba Chango Alison Sofía , Godoy Lema Daniela Guadalupe , Salgado Poveda Andrés Sebastián , Barahona Maldonado Vianka Gabriela , Lasluisa Chiza Cynthia Nohemi , Porras Villacís Deysi Paola
Published: February 2025

Las fracturas de tobillo ocupan el tercer lugar entre las lesiones óseas más frecuentes en adultos mayores, siguiendo a las fracturas de cadera y del radio distal. Aunque las fracturas de cadera cuentan con una amplia historia de avances en cuanto a técnicas, momento quirúrgico, tratamiento perioperatorio y sus riesgos asociados, evaluaciones similares para las fracturas de tobillo se han enfocado más recientemente. Tradicionalmente, los pacientes ancianos eran manejados de forma conservadora, pero se ha demostrado que esta estrategia está vinculada a una mayor tasa de mortalidad. Por este motivo, incluso los pacientes de edad avanzada y con una salud más frágil han comenzado a ser considerados candidatos para opciones quirúrgicas. Los resultados beneficiosos del manejo interdisciplinario entre geriatría y ortopedia, ampliamente documentados en literatura sobre fracturas de cadera, también muestran un impacto positivo en los desenlaces de ancianos con fracturas de tobillo. El ortopedista desempeña un papel crucial al identificar los desafíos de la fijación en hueso osteoporótico y al garantizar las mejores condiciones para una adecuada curación de las heridas. Aunque el enfoque quirúrgico inmediato incide en un mayor costo inicial, se ha comprobado que a la larga este modelo reduce los costos generales del cuidado.
TERRITÓRIOS ESPOLIADOS: AS RESISTÊNCIAS DAS COMUNIDADES DE FUNDO E FECHO DE PASTO NO OESTE BAIANO
Authors: De Padua Wilian Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

O artigo possui como objetivo compreender a espoliação do território onde secularmente vivem as comunidades de Fundo e Fecho de Pastos no Oeste Baiano, principalmente, na região de Correntina/BA. O objetivo, também, se estende à percepção da mobilização destas comunidades, principalmente contra o agronegócio, visando manter seus territórios e, por consequência, seu meio e modo de vida. A metodologia está calcada nos procedimentos da pesquisa qualitativa, como pesquisa de campo, observação participante e diário de campo. As questões teóricas e metodológicas basearam-se nas reflexões propostas a partir da Geografia do Trabalho e Agrícola. O agronegócio, não concretiza apenas a espoliação dos territórios das comunidades tradicionais, pois a água é quase que monopolizada para atender as demandas da monocultura, a derrubada do bioma para ampliação das áreas de plantio, além do envenenamento destes mesmos rios e solos através dos agrotóxicos utilizados indiscriminadamente. O Estado, subserviente ao agronegócio e omisso às necessidades dos trabalhadores foi um dos geradores do conflito de 02 de novembro de 2017. As comunidades tradicionais continuam em uma constante mobilização, os ataques a seus territórios não sessaram e o clima de uma nova escalada de violência está constantemente no ar.
Comparative Analysis - Training System of Civil Servants of the Kyrgyz Republic and Japan: Lessons for the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Israilov Mederbek
Published: February 2025

This paper analyses the Japanese and Kyrgyz civil service training systems, such as On-the-Job Training (OJT), Off-the-Job Training (Off-JT) and mentoring and coaching. It describes their application in detail, in both countries, and in the case of the Kyrgyz training system it highlights the existence and non-existence of various elements when compared with the Japanese system. The author also analysed the strengths and effectiveness of both training systems and he concluded that the Japanese model is a potential model to be adopted by the Kyrgyz Administration in order to strengthen its current system. The article closes with some proposed recommendations.
Keywords: civil service, civil servants, training, on-the-job training, off-the-job training, shared room system, “ringi” system
Anti-Corruption Measures in the Civil Service System of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Abduazizov Golibjon
Published: February 2025

The article deals with issues of combating corruption in the public service system. A hermeneutical analysis of the concept of "corruption" is carried out, as well as a review of domestic anti-corruption legislation. Furthermore, the reasons for civil servants committing corruption offenses, as well as how their behaviour can be influenced positively. Then, an overview of foreign experience in the fight against corruption in the public service is presented, and conclusions are drawn on how domestic measures may be improved to counter corrupt activities of civil servants.
Key words: corruption, corrupt activity, civil servant, official, conflict of interest, official.
Materials in Technological-Wearable Devices for Health: Review and Perspective
Authors: Moya-Jiménez Roberto , Morales-Urrutia Elizabeth , Lara-Saltos Andrea , Goyes-Balladares Andrea , Ocaña José Miguel , Paredes-Chicaiza Juan , Chaca-Espinoza Wilmer , Medina-Moncayo Andres
Published: February 2025

The convergence between the textile industry and technology has revolutionized material design, enabling the development of smart textiles for wearable technological devices, especially in the healthcare sector. These devices, designed to continuously monitor physiological parameters and provide personalized support, have found in smart textiles an essential solution thanks to their properties of flexibility, comfort and adaptability, key to their prolonged use. This article examines the evolution of smart textiles from passive textiles, capable of responding to environmental stimuli, to ultra-smart textiles, which integrate sensors, actuators, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence algorithms to process information and offer adaptive solutions.The critical properties of smart textile materials are analyzed, such as their conductive, sensory, biocompatible, and energy-harvesting capabilities, as well as their application in areas such as health monitoring, treatment delivery, fall prevention, and rehabilitation. Advances in manufacturing methods are also explored, highlighting associated challenges such as technology integration and sustainability. This study presents a systematic review culminating in an integrative table of the main textile materials used in wearables for health, providing a clear view of their current potential and future areas of research. This approach not only highlights technological advancements, but also opportunities for innovation in smart textile design, positioning them as a key element in the transformation of personalized and technological health.
Evidence Detection in Cloud Forensics: Classifying Cyber-Attacks in IaaS Environments using machine learning
Authors: Abuowaida Suhaila , Abu Owida Hamza , Shelash Mohammad Suleiman Ibrahim , Alshdaifat Nawaf , Abu Elsoud Esraa , Alazaidah Raed , Vasudevan Asokan , Turki Alshurideh Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Cloud computing is considered a remarkable paradigm shift in Information Technology (IT), offering scalable and virtualized resources to end users at a low cost in terms of infrastructure and maintenance. These resources offer an exceptional degree of flexibility and adhere to established standards, formats, and networking protocols while being managed by several management entities. However, the existence of flaws and vulnerabilities in underlying technology and outdated protocols opens the door for malicious network attacks.Methods: This study addresses these vulnerabilities by introducing a method for classifying attacks in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud environments, utilizing machine learning methodologies within a digital forensics framework. Various machine learning algorithms are employed to automatically identify and categorize cyber-attacks based on metrics related to process performance. The dataset is divided into three distinct categories—CPU usage, memory usage, and disk usage—to assess each category’s impact on the detection of attacks within cloud computing systems.Results: Decision Tree and Neural Network models are recommended for analyzing disk-related features due to their superior performance in detecting attacks with an accuracy of 90% and 87.9%, respectively. Neural Network is deemed more suitable for identifying CPU behavior, achieving an accuracy of 86.2%. For memory-related features, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) demonstrates the best False Negative Rate (FNR) value of 1.8%.Discussion: Our study highlights the significance of customizing the selection of classifiers based on the specific system feature and the intended focus of detection. By tailoring machine learning models to particular system features, the detection of malicious activities in IaaS cloud environments can be enhanced, offering practical insights into effective attack classification.
Effectiveness of the use of voice amplification systems in the educational field: A systematic review
Authors: Farías-Fritz Bárbara , San Martín Cofré Marilyn , Palma Contreras Andrea María , Roco-Videla Angel
Published: February 2025

Introduction: teachers face high vocal demands, increasing the risk of developing voice disorders due to overexertion. This study reviews the use of voice amplification systems and their effect on educators' vocal health.Methods: a systematic literature review was conducted with articles published between 2013 and 2024 in Spanish, English, or Portuguese in the Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCO databases using the PRISMA methodology.Results: studies show that portable voice amplifiers can reduce vocal intensity and fundamental frequency, minimizing vocal load and improving speech clarity in educational settings. However, this would only be effective in the presence of a previous vocal pathology.Conclusions: the use of voice amplification systems could be advantageous for teachers with previous vocal problems, especially women, although more research is required to determine their long-term safety and prevent potential vocal damage. It is recommended to combine amplification with other preventive measures such as acoustic improvements and voice care programs for comprehensive management of teachers' vocal health.
The Potential of Andean Foods in the Dietary Management of Celiac Disease: Nutritional Benefits and Practical Applications
Authors: Guevara Deysi , Viteri Carmen , Robayo Verónica , Hidalgo Kattyta , Arteaga Cristina
Published: February 2025

The study addressed the potential of Andean foods in the dietary management of celiac disease (CD), considering their nutritional benefits and practical applications. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method, selecting relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024. The research included foods such as quinoa, amaranth, kiwicha, tarwi, purple corn, native potato, sweet potato, and oca, which were analyzed regarding their nutritional composition and viability for a gluten-free diet.
The results showed that these foods exhibited high levels of proteins, fiber, essential minerals, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Quinoa and amaranth were highlighted for offering a superior protein profile compared to conventional cereals. At the same time, purple corn and tarwi provided additional benefits due to their anthocyanin and essential fatty acid content.
The study concluded that Andean foods represented a viable and nutritious alternative for individuals with CD, promoting a more balanced and healthier diet. Furthermore, their incorporation into the food industry was recommended through the development of innovative gluten-free products. It was also suggested to continue studies evaluating the bioavailability of these foods and their long-term impact on the intestinal health of celiac patients.singular.
Comparative Syntax of Secondary Academic Texts Across English and Ukrainian in Scientific Domains
Authors: Zaitseva Nataliia , Shcherbyna Svitlana , Puhach Yuliia , Mozghova Yaroslava , Dolynskyi Ievgen
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Effective communication in modern science depends on many factors, including the syntactic organisation of academic texts, which allows for accurately conveying the essence of information, avoiding contradictory or double reading, and formulating ideas, concepts, and strategies. This article aims to analyse the syntactic features of school academic texts.Methods: To this end, the specific features of scientific communication of this type and the specifics of scientific thinking have been investigated.Results: The study's results will help improve the effectiveness of tools in scientific communication and deepen the methodological foundations of scientific discourse. The study analysed a large corpus of secondary scientific and academic texts (abstracts, reviews, abstracts, theses, and dissertations), describing and comparing the specifics of syntactic structures in Ukrainian and English; formulated specific recommendations and conducted a statistical analysis of the levels of comprehension of secondary scientific (academic) texts in the languages compared. It is established that secondary educational and scientific texts differ in the syntactic organisation of the text depending on the field of knowledge.Conclusions: Thus, the humanities are characterised by emotional syntax with rhetorical figures emphasising interpretation, while in technical texts, syntax is subject to strict logic and argumentation. The presence of descriptive constructions and emotional colouring characterises the syntax of scientific texts in the humanities. In contrast, technical fields are characterised by analytical sentence structure and syntax based on logical grammatical constructions.
PUTATIVE LOCI ASSOCIATED TO POLYEMBRYONY IN MAIZE POPULATIONS
Authors: Gaona-Lozano Jose Gerardo , Rodriguez-Herrera Raul , Aguilar-Gonzalez Cristobal Noe , Gonzalez-Vazquez Victor Manuel , Reyes-Valdes Manuel Humberto , Espinosa-Velazquez Jose
Published: February 2025

Polyembryony (PE) is a reproductive phenomenon that produces more than one plant per seed in maize and other species. The objective of this study was to identify polymorphic DNA bands associated to the genetic expression of this trait using AFLPs. The genetic materials used in this study were 19 Polyembryonic experimental maize lines from two populations, identified as BAP (dwarf, high PE frequency genotypes) and NAP (normal height, high PE frequency) and 16 non-polyembryonic commercial genotypes (NPE). Results showed that the PE seeds had a germination rate of 89.47 %, where 28.23 % were single seedlings and 71.76 % were polyembryonic seedlings. Most of the polyembryonic seeds produced double plants although some triple plants cases were also observed. In addition, twenty nine putative loci were identified associated to the maize polyembryony; this association may be related to the differential origins of the maize populations. In addition, the rate of genetic diversity between the groups PE and NPE was estimated at the locus level using the Shannon index, getting a range of polymorphism from 29% to 53%, this could be related to the origin of the tested samples and their phenotypic and genotypic traits. These results suggest that the polymorphic bands may be related to the expression of genes linked to polyembryony in maize.
EFFECT OF THE PLANTATION DENSITY IN THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF Cnidoscolus chayamansa MCVAUGH (EUPHORBIACEAE)
Authors: Aguilar Luna Jesus Mao Estanislao , Garcia Villanueva Eduardo , Macario Mendoza Pedro Antonio , Huerta Lwanga Esperanza , De Alba Becerra Ramiro
Published: February 2025

The plantation density (PD) is a decisive factor in the agronomical resources of cultivation; as such, in this experiment, the effect of the growth and the productivity of the chaya plants were evaluated, as an associated growing in the cedar-lime system, to determine its optimum PD.  The chaya plants were positioned at 1.50 x 3.00 m, utilizing cuttings without leaves; associated with young trees (less than 2 years) of Cedrela odorata and Citrus latifolia in a circular plantation design 'Nelder' of 3154 m2. Eight PD from 2602 to 3772 plants·ha-1 were defined with 10 repetitions. The variables were: rhizogenic potential (RP), growth rate (GR), index of vigor (IV), index of leaf area (ILA) and production of dry biomass (PDB). The results indicated that of the 3046 to 3772 plants·ha-1 were found to have the best RP, the ILA (5.44) and PDB (8.48 kg·plant-1); even though the IV (1.16) and GR (0.51 cm·day-1) were the best in 2602 to 2647 plants·ha-1. As the primary objective in this specie is the PDB, the PD optimal was 3046 to 3772 plants·ha-1.
ENERGY AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF GROWING PELIBUEY SHEEP UNDER TROPICAL CONDITIONS ESTIMATED FROM A LITERATURE DATABASE ANALYSES
Authors: Duarte Fernando , Sandoval Castro Carlos A. , Sarmiento Franco Luis A. , Tedeschi Luis O. , Santos-Ricalde Ronald H.
Published: February 2025

Data from previous studies were used to estimate the metabolizable energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth and basal metabolism energy requirement of male Pelibuey sheep under tropical conditions were estimated. In addition, empty body weight and mature weight of males and female Pelibuey sheep were also estimated. Basal metabolism energy requirements were estimated with the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System – Sheep (CNCPS-S) model using the a1 factor of the maintenance equation. Mature weight was estimated to be 69 kg for males and 45 kg for females. Empty body weight was estimated to be 81% of live weight. Metabolizable energy and protein requirements for growth were 0.106 Mcal MEm/kg LW0.75 and 2.4 g MP/kg LW0.75 for males. The collected information did not allowed appropriate estimation of female requirements. The basal metabolism energy requirement was estimated to be 0.039 Mcal MEm/kg LW0.75. Energy requirements for basal metabolism were lower in Pelibuey sheep than those reported for wool breeds even though their total requirements were similar.
FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF WILD YAM (Dioscorea spp.)
Authors: Shajeela Ponnumani Sundaradhas , Tresina Pious Soris , Mohan Veerabahu Ramasamy
Published: February 2025

Samples of wild yam tubers (Dioscorea alata, D. bulbifera var. vera, D. esculenta, D. oppositifolia var. dukhumensis, D.oppositifolia var. oppositifolia, D. pentaphylla var. pentaphylla, D. spicata, D. tomentosa and D. wallichi) were analyzed for its fatty acid composition. Linoleic acid was found to be predominant among all the investigated Dioscorea spp. which ranged from 26.3 – 33.21% .Thus, the present investigation demonstrate that, the Dioscorea spp. act as a good source of fatty acid.
REVISIÓN DE MODELOS PREDICTIVOS DE ESPECIES EN EL CONTROL BIOLÓGICO
Authors: Chay Hernandez David Apolinar , Delfin Hugo , Melendez-Ramirez Virginia , Gonzalez-Hernandez Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Parasitic wasps are a fundamental part of integrated pest management (IPM) and biological control, although basic knowledge of its distribution and biology are unknown for most groups and species. Predictive models provide an approximate distribution of the species in not sampled areas. This review presents and discusses the conceptual framework and considerations on the basic steps for the implementation of this tool with parasitic wasps.
ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL AND ANTINUTRITIONAL POTENTIAL OF UNDERUTILIZED LEGUMES OF THE GENUS MUCUNA
Authors: Tresina Pious Soris , Mohan Veerabahu Ramasamy
Published: February 2025

There is an increasing interest in finding new food sources to alleviate malnutrition in developing countries, due to lack of protein rich food. Protein supply can be broadened by exploration and exploitation of alternate legume sources. Eventhough copious wild legume landraces have been identified, their utilization is limited due to inadequate attention. Mucuna pruriens var. utilis (black and white coloured seed coat), Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens and Mucuna deeringiana are underutilized legume species having the credibility to be a rich protein source. This study was designed to assess the proximate composition, mineral profiles, vitamins (niacin and ascorbic acid), protein fractions, fatty acid profiles, amino acid profiles of total seed protein, in vitro protein digestibility and antinutritional potential of the above said Mucuna varieties/species. The major findings of the study were as follows: crude protein content ranged from 23.76-29.74%, crude lipid 8.24-9.26%, total dietary fibre, 6.54-8.76%, ash 4.78-5.30%, carbohydrates 56.56-63.88%, and calorific value 1783.02-1791.60 kJ/100g-1 DM. The examined seed samples contained minerals such as Na, K, Ca, Mg and P in abundance. The fatty acid profiles revealed that, the seed lipids contained higher concentrations of linoleic and palmitic acid. The antinutritional fatty acid, behenic acid (1.87-3.04%) was also detected.  The current investigation helps in understanding the nutritional and antinutritional versatility of the Mucuna varieties/species, thereby developing further tactics for optimum utilization.
FACTORES AMBIENTALES Y PROPORCIÓN RACIAL QUE INFLUYEN EN EL PESO AL NACIMIENTO, AL DESTETE Y EDAD AL PRIMER PARTO EN BOVINOS SUIZO PARDO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Chin Colli Ricardo Del Carmen , Magaña Monforte Juan Gabriel , Segura-Correa Jose Candelario , Nuñez Dominguez Rafael
Published: February 2025

The effects of some environmental and genetic factors on birth weight (PN), weaning weight adjusted to 240 days of age (PD240) and age at first calving (EPP) in Brown Swiss cattle were evaluated. The statistical model used to analyze the dependent variables, after eliminating the non-significant two-way interactions, included ranch as random effect nested within region and the fixed effects of year (Y) and season of birth (BS), sex of the calf (for BW and WW240), breed upgrade, the YxBS interaction, as well as the linear and quadratic effect of age of the cow at calving (for PN and PD240). The analyses were performed using mixed models. The means for PN, PD240 and EPP were 37.7 Â± 5.1, 233.8 Â± 46.9 kg and 1209.6 Â± 338.0 days, respectively. All main effects were significant (P<0.05) with the exception of season for PN and PD240. In conclusion significant effects for region, sex, breed upgrade, and year by season interaction were found, this suggests the importance to include them into the models before perform genetic evaluation for PN, PD and EPP in Brown Swiss cattle in Mexico.
MICROPROGAPACIÓN DE AGAVE (Agave tequilana Weber. var. Azul) A TRAVÉS DE YEMAS AXILARES
Authors: Angeles-Espino A. , Valencia-Botin Alberto , Virgen-Calleros G. , Rami­rez-Serrano C. , Paredes-Gutierrez L. , Hurtado-De la Peña S.
Published: February 2025

Agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul), is commonly called, “Blue Agave or Agave Tequilero”. The agave plant is an important economic product of Mexico due to its base ingredient is Tequila, which is a popular distilled spirit. Agave in vitro propagation is a new technique to obtain rapid multiplication in a short time. The plant response to hormones must be evaluated for each species of Agave. The objective for this research was to generate agave plantlets from axillary buds by in vitro culture. Six month aged plants were brought from the production field. Buds were disinfected with 70% alcohol and 3% sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes and triple rinsed under aseptic conditions. Explants were cultured in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 24.6 µM of AIB and 46.46 μM of Kinetin, sucrose 30 g L-1 and agar 8 g L-1. Medium was added at 25 mL per flask and sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes. One explant per flask was cultured and incubated at 27°C and 16 hours light. The bud induction appears in four weeks after it was cultured and then they were subcultured in MS supplemented with 0.5 µM of AIB and 46.46 μM of Kinetin. The plantlets development was reached at four weeks after the buds induction. Agave micropropagation from auxiliary buds was completed within 10 weeks. The time required to get in vitro-plants were demonstrated using the in vitro technique propagation. It is an efficient process of mass multiplication to obtain healthy, pathogen free and vigorous plants.
EVALUACIÓN DE DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN DE LIMÓN MEXICANO (Citrus aurantifolia, Swingle) EN GUERRERO, MÉXICO
Authors: Noriega-Cantu David Heriberto , Gonzalez-Mateos Ricardo , Garrido-Ramirez Eduardo R. , Pereyda-Hernandez Juan , Dominguez-Marquez Victor M. , Lopez-Estrada Martha E.
Published: February 2025

The system of conventional integrated management (MIL-C) and organic production (MIL-O) was evaluated in a commercial Orchard of ‘Mexican’ lime (Citrus aurantifolia, Swingle). Agro-ecological and economic evaluations include: nutritional analysis, vegetative growth, yields, quality of the fruit and financial analysis. In yield per year and accumulated fruit harvested there were no significant statistical differences between systems of production. In change vegetative growth was statistically different, the MIL-C systems increase 52 and 23 % the length and diameter of vegetative shoots respectively, compared to the MIL-O systems. The quality of the fruits had significant statistical difference, the MIL-C increase the rate of color (52 %), firmness (38 %) and the thickness of the flavedo (5.3 %) with respect to the MIL-O; in the internal quality of fruit the MIL-O increased the volume of juice (10 %), °Brix (3 %) and acid citric (8 %) with respect to the MIL-C. The higher benefit/cost ratio was obtained with MIL-C using the rural price. Two years of assessment suggest that the MIL-C system could be applied widely in the State of Guerrero. Also the system of MIL-O showed possibility of success, but it would take an envelope price to compensate for the reduction of profitability, to handle larger amounts of inputs for their adequate nutrition, pest and disease control.
HONGOS MICORRÍCICOS ARBUSCULARES DE SUELOS DE SABANA EN TABASCO, MÉXICO
Authors: Castelan-Estrada Mepivoseth , Osorio-Miranda M. , Gomez-Leyva J.F. , Salgado-Garci­a S. , Hernandez-Cuevas L.
Published: February 2025

Savannah soils are well represented at the state of Tabasco, Mexico. On them the maize is extensively grown and its association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could play a significant role on nutrients inflow. Until now in spite de relevance of these micoorganisms for maize nutrition only one arbuscular mycorrhizal species has been recorded from Tabasco maize fields. Under this consideration, the objectives of the study were to quantify the spores of AMF and to identify the species, to estimate the colonization percentage in maize roots, as well as the fertility from five savannah soils; Emiliano Zapata and Humanguillo savannahs are acidic, while BalancÃ¡n, Tenosique and Tacotalpa are neutral. Low to high fertility was found in all cases. Spore number 100 g-1 dry soil was low (150) to high (750). Mycorrhizal colonization was very high (96-100%). Fifteen AMF species from eight genera were found, so the species for Tabasco reach 20. Glomus ambisporum and Sclerocystis sinuosa were found in all five savannahs, while Funneliformis constrictus the only one AMF species previously reported from maize in Tabasco was not recovered. Savannah similarity was very low, which indicates a peculiar species composition for each.
RESPUESTA AL EFECTO MACHO EN CABRAS NUBIAS Y ALPINAS MANTENIDAS BAJO FOTOPERIODO TROPICAL
Authors: Morales Jorge Urrutia , Cervantes Becerra Jose Francisco , Vera Avila Hector Raymundo , Villagomez-Amezcua Manjarrez Eugenio , Rivera Lozano Maria Teresa
Published: February 2025

In order to determine the extent of response to the male effect in two breed of goats, previously observed to express a similar pattern of reproductive seasonality under tropical photoperiod (22°N), 17 Nubian and 15 Alpine female goats were exposed to sexual active males at May 15th. A higher proportion of Nubian vs. Alpine does ovulated in response to the male effect (76.5 vs 33.3%; P<0.02). Two peaks of P4 at 4 and 19 day after male introduction were observed, being more evident in Nubian does. Eight Nubian does showed P4 increases >0.5 ng ml-1 within the first four days after male introduction, whilst Alpine does maintained basal P4 levels during the same period (≤0.04 ng ml-1). The higher proportion of Nubian does ovulating due to the male effect, indicate that female goats of this breed, maintained under tropical photoperiod, are more responsive than Alpine does to non-photoperiodic external stimuli, such as the presence of sexual active males. 
EVALUATION OF HYBRIDS FROM SIMPLE CROSSES USING MAIZE ELITE LANDRACES WITH FORAGE OUTSTANDING CHARACTERISTICS FOR A MEXICAN ARID LAND
Authors: Garci­a Hernandez Jose L. , Luna J.G. , Preciado-Rangel P. , Fortis-Hernandez M. , Espinoza-Banda A. , Gallegos-Robles M.A. , Chavarria-Galicia J.A.
Published: February 2025

The Comarca Lagunera region is the most important area of maize forage in México. In this region; which is shared by the Mexican States of Coahuila and Durango, are used a great amount of hybrids and varieties of maize imported from other countries. Generally, these genotypes are not completely adapted to the soil and/or climatic conditions of the region. These antecedents lead scientists to pursuit for genotypes with the best adaptation to such conditions. The present investigation was carried out with the aim to find the best hybrids from the crosses of ten self-pollinating landraces following a diallel mating design. The landraces were obtained from different institutions: a) the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), b) the “Antonio Narro” Agrarian Autonomist University (UAAAN), and c) the National Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Livestock Research (INIFAP). The following variables were evaluated from the hybrids: whole plant fresh matter yield (FMY), whole plant dry matter (DMY), fresh fruit yield (FFY) fresh stem yield (FSY), and fresh foliar yield (FLY). All variables reported as t ha-1. The Griffing statistical analysis was used to determine the general combining ability (GCA), and the specific combining ability (SCA). The highest values of GCA were obtained for the landraces M7, M8, and M9. The hybrids with highest SCA were: M5xM7, M2xM7, M6x10, M4xM8, M5xM8, M8xM10, M2xM5, M1xM10 and M6xM9. Two of these hybrids (M5xM7 and M2xM7) also showed the highest values for FMY and DMY. In conclusion, there is enough variability on FMY and DMY to believe on the possibility to find the most appropriate hybrid for the targeted region, and also to extend the breeding program to other arid lands in México   
ALMACENES DE CARBONO Y ESTABILIDAD DE LA MATERIA ORGÁNICA DEL SUELO EN UN AGROECOSISTEMA CAFETALERO EN LA SIERRA SUR DE OAXACA, MÉXICO
Authors: Alvarez Arteaga Gustavo , Ibañez Huerta Abel , Garci­a Calderon Norma Eugenia , Almendros Marti­n Gonzalo
Published: February 2025

We evaluated the ability of the soils in a shade coffee agroecosystem under different handling conditions to accumulate stable forms of carbon in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca, for this we quantify the soil carbon store and performed the isolation and chemical characterization of soil organic matter by chemical fractionation, UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy in the first 40 cm depth. Results showed no significant differences in carbon stores between handling conditions, reaching mean values 150 Mg C ha-1. Humification patterns are consistent for all soils and indicate that over 50% of soil organic matter found in the insolubilization humins and between 15 and 20% are humic acids. This fraction, presumably the most stable, is made up of molecules whose aromatic and maturation has a positive relationship with increasing altitude and clay content.  According to the above confirms the ability of shade-coffee agroecosystems to accumulate high carbon content associated with stable forms of soil mineral fraction.
PHENOLS AND FLAVONOIDS CONCENTRATION AND FUNGISTATIC ACTIVITY OF WOOD AND BARK OF FIVE COMMON TROPICAL SPECIES
Authors: Carrillo-Parra Artemio , Rosales Martha , Wehenkel Christian , Foroughbakhch Rahim , Gonzalez Humberto , Garza Fortunato
Published: February 2025

This research determine the total phenol and flavonoids content as well as the fungistatic activity of hot water wood sawdust and bark extracts on Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor. Extracts tested were taken from Condalia hookeri M.C. Johnst., Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Britton et Rose, Helietta parvifolia (Gray) Benth, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, and Prosopis laevigata (Humb. et Bonpl. ex Willd). The extraction was developed with soxhlet aparats, phenol concentration was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method and flavonoide was determined by Heimler procedure. Phenol concentration ranged between 50±11 to 827±23 mg g-1 and flavonoids content between 15±2 to 708±30 mg g-1. All extracts tested inhibited growth of the fungal species. The highest inhibition effect (88%±1) occurred on C. puteana with L. leucocephala wood sawdust extracts at 2 mg ml-1, this species also reduced the growth on T. versicolor by 75%±12 when used at 10 mg ml-1, wood sawdust extracts of H. parvifolia and C. hookerii at same concentration reduced the growth of T. versicolor in 43%±3 and 40%±4 respectively. Inhibition of bark extracts of E. ebano was 84±5 and 80±7 % for H. parvifolia. A negative relationship between growing inhibitory activity and the content of total phenolics in the extracts was obtained.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL QUESO TEPEQUE DE LA TIERRA CALIENTE DE MICHOACÁN: UN QUESO PRODUCIDO EN UN SISTEMA SILVOPASTORIL INTENSIVO
Authors: Soli­s Mendez A.D. , Marti­nez Loperena R. , Solorio Sanchez J. , Estrada Flores J.G. , Aviles Nova F. , Gutierrez Ibañez A.T. , Castelan Ortega Octavio Alonso
Published: February 2025

The objective of the present work is to describe the characteristics of the Tepeque cheese from “La Tierra Caliente” of the State of Michoacán, Mexico. Its region of origin, manufacturing process, physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics, were investigated. In addition the changes that occurred in the milk and cheese due to the introduction of a feeding system based on the use of an intensive silvo-pastoral system (ISPS) were described. The methodological approach consisted of field visits for data collection, semi-structured interviews to farmers in order to know the milk production systems and the cheese elaboration process. The physical (pH and density) and chemical characteristics (protein, fat, lactose, non fat solids and added water) of the milk used to elaborate the Tepeque cheese were determined. For the cheese the protein, fat, salt, moisture and ash contents and the pH were determined. The microbiological characteristics were determined for both milk and cheese, these included presence of mesophilic bacteria coliforms bacteria, yeast, fungus, Listeria spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. The field study was carried out in 2010; it was divided in two experimental periods of six months each, named rainfall season and dry season. Fifteen milk-cheese producers were sampled, eight of them practice the traditional milk production systems and seven the ISPS. It was observed that the Tepeque cheese is a dairy product of excellent quality from the point of view of its main nutritional components, it is made with good quality milk too and it has a long history and great tradition that is older than 300 years. On the other hand, the cheese elaborated with milk from the ISPS had higher fat content (P<0.05) that the cheese of the traditional system, for the other nutrients no significant differences were observed between systems (P>0.05). Finally, it was observed that the sanitary characteristics of the milk and cheese were deficient in both systems; this problem is attenuated with the maturing process of cheese since as the cheese matures the number of undesirable bacteria is reduced. Therefore the consumption of matured cheese is recommended. 
PARTICIPATORY CARTOGRAPHY IN A TRADITIONAL GOAT PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF A SMALLHOLDER COMMUNITY IN NORTHERN MEXICO
Authors: Pinos Rodriguez Juan Manuel , Garci­a Lopez Juan Carlos , Aguirre Rivera Juan Rogeilo , Reyes Hernandez Humbero
Published: February 2025

A community mapping procedure was developed to identify and characterize communal land area used for a traditional goat production system. Participatory cartography indicated that producers have good knowledge of their territory; more than 80% of the spatial distribution and localization of the elements and shapes present in the community map agreed with the map constructed with GIS. All flocks were mainly grazed on communal rangelands where the most important native forage plants were Opuntia spp. Yucca filifera, Condalia mexicana, Dalea spp. and Euphorbia cinerasiens, and corn stover the main crop by-product supplement used during dry season. 
VULNERABILIDAD Y RIESGO DE CONTAMINACIÓN DE ACUÍFEROS KÁRSTICOS
Authors: Aguilar Yameli , Bautista Francisco , Mendoza Manuel E. , Delgado Carmen
Published: February 2025

Karstic systems occupy nearly 20% of the surface of the earth and are inhabited by numerous human communities. Karstic aquifers are the most exposed to pollution from human activities. Pollution of karstic aquifers is a severe environmental problem worldwide.  In order to face the vulnerability of karstic aquifers to pollution, researchers have created a diversity of study approaches and models, each one having their own strengths and weaknesses depending on the discipline from which they were originated, thus requiring a thorough discussion within the required multidisciplinary character. The objective of this article was to analyze the theoretical and methodological approaches applied to the pollution of karstic aquifers. The European hydrogeological, land evaluation, hydropedological and a geographic approach were analyzed. The relevance of a geomorphological analysis as a cartographic basis for the analysis of vulnerability and risks were emphasized. From the analysis of models, approaches and methodologies discussed the following recommendation is made: to form an interdisciplinary work team, to elaborate a conceptual model according to the site and the working scale and to e, apply and validate the model. 
DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARA AFRICA: 1961-2003
Authors: Ajao Olajide Abraham
Published: February 2025

This study examined changes in agricultural productivity in Sub-Sahara Africa countries in the context of diverse institutional arrangements using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). From a time series which consists of information on agricultural production and means of production were obtained from FAO AGROSTAT and rainfall data from Steve O’Connell data base. The information was for a 43-year period (1961-2003); DEA method was used to measure Malmquist index of total factor productivity. A decomposition of TFP measures revealed that the observed increase in the TFP in the sub–Sahara Africa agriculture is due to technological change rather than efficiency change which is the main constrained of achieving higher level of TFP during the reference period. The study further examined the effect of land quality, malaria, education and selected governance indicators such as, control of corruption and government effectiveness on productivity growth. All the variables included in the model are significant with the exception of government effectiveness.
EVALUATION OF PLANT SPACING ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF Clitoria ternatea L. CV. TEHUANA
Authors: Medel Contreras Carlos Ivan , Joaquin Torres Berti­n Maurilio , Sanchez Hernandez Miguel Angel , Parra Lopez MarÃia Luisa , Joaquin Cancino Santiago , Gomez Vazquez Armando , Hernandez Garay Alfonso
Published: February 2025

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of plant spacing on Clitoria ternatea L. cv. Tehuana seed yield and quality. The experiment was carried out under rainfed conditions, from December 2006 to September 2007, at the Universidad del Papaloapan, Loma Bonita, Oaxaca, México. Five plant distances (T1:broadcast, T2:25*25, T3:50*50, T4:75*75, and T5:100*100 cm between rows and plants, respectively) were tested. Treatments were distributed in a randomized complete design, with three replicates. Seed yield (SY), seed yield per plant (SYP), number of pods per plant, number of pods per m2, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and seed germination were evaluated. SY showed differences between treatments (P<0.01), the greater yield was found in T2 (482 kg ha-1), similar to those obtained in T1 and T3 (321 y 320 kg ha-1, respectively), but significantly different and higher (P<0.05) than those obtained in T4 and T5. SYP, number of pods per plant, number of pods per m2, and number of seeds per pod, showed differences among treatments (P<0.01). Number of pods per m2, pod length, and number of seeds per pod were the yield components which showed a greater association with SY, with r values of 0.70, 0.57, and 0.52, respectively. 100-seed weight and germination percentage were not affected significantly by the plant spacing (P>0.05). It can be concluded that the highest seed yield was obtained at the 25*25 cm spacing between rows and plants, respectively. Seed germination was not affected by any of the treatments evaluated.  
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Leptospira borgpetersenii SEROVAR BALLUM
Authors: Carmona Gasca C. A. , Ko A. I. , Ahmed N. , De la Peña-Moctezuma A.
Published: February 2025

Rodents are the main reservoirs of pathogenic leptospires, spreading the organism to the environment and so the major risk factor for both, animals and humans to acquire leptospirosis. To assess such a role, 50 mice (Mus musculus) were caught in a dairy farm in the municipality of Teoloyucan, State of Mexico in central Mexico. Anti-Leptospira antibody titers (≥1:20), were obtained in 46 % (23) of the animals by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), where the most common serovars detected were: Ballum 38 % (19), Canicola 10 % (5) and Australis 2 % (1). Three Leptospira isolates (6 %) were obtained by culture of mice kidneys macerates. The cultures were identified as L. borgpetersenii serovar Ballum by cross-MAT, IS1533-based PCR assay, rrs2 (rRNA) sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and by multiple locus sequencing typing (MLST). As far as we know, this is the first report on the isolation of L. borgpetersenii serovar Ballum recovered from Mus musculus in Mexico.
MARGINS OF SHEEP MEAT MARKETING IN CAPULHUAC, STATE OF MEXICO
Authors: Mondragon-Anselmo Jaime , Dominguez-Vara Ignacio Arturo , Rebollar-Rebollar Samuel , Gastelum Jose Luis Borquez , Hernandez-Martinez Juvencio
Published: February 2025

The objective of this investigation was to identify the channels and analyze the incorporation of the marketing margins of different participants in the productive chain of sheep meat in the municipality of Capulhuac, State of Mexico, during the period 2009-2010. The marketing channel most widely used by the participants of this market was identified, and absolute and relative profit margins were calculated through their equivalent values of the costs and profits of each participating actor. Of the 31 sheep farms or producers interviewed, 58.3 % carried out the sale of live sheep at farm. Considering the absolute margin of marketing in the final price to the consumer per kg of raw meat, the producer obtained 2 USD/kg (40 %) and the intermediaries 3 USD/kg (60 %). Profit in selling cooked final product (barbacoa typical dish), was obtained 4.5 USD/kg (25.7 %) for the producers and 13 USD/kg (74.3 %) for intermediaries. Evidence was found that the most common marketing channel was producer, intermediary, barbacoa seller and final consumer, in which the barbacoa seller obtained the highest benefit-cost ratio.
EFFECT OF SELENIUM-ENRICHED YEAST AND SODIUM SELENITE ON FINISHING PIGS DIETS ON INTRAMUSCULAR FAT AND FATTY ACIDS
Authors: Martinez N. , Dominguez A. , Morales E. , Lugo J. , Mariezcurrena M.A. , Mariezcurrena Berasain Maria Dolores
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding organic selenium (sodium selenide) and inorganic (selenium-enriched yeast) in finishing pigs diets on the intramuscular fat content and fatty acids in the semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscle. A total of 48 crossbred (Pic 337x (Camborough 22) end stages were fed with ground corn and soybean meal. The diet was fortified with Se, in three treatments, T0 = 0ppm, T1 = 0.45 ppm T2 =0.45 ppm, yeast and sodium selenide slaughtered with a final weight of 110 ± 5 kg. Fat content was determined in samples of semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscle with the modified ISO 1443 standard, the fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. The variance analysis was done by means of an ANOVA 3x2 factorial arrangement in which the variables of study were sex: male and female, source of Se: organic and inorganic; Se dose: 0 and 0.45 ppm. All the aforementioned variables were applied to each type of muscle: semimembranosus and dorsi). The results showed significant differences with respect of the fatty acids, they showed a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) increasing the concentration of the following fatty acids in the longisimus dorsi muscle: C16, C18, C18: 2. In regarding with the semimembranosus muscle, there were no significant differences with respect of the treatments, but the variable gendershowed that males were heavier slaughter.