bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glycemic control as an important tool in the prevention of cardiovascular aging in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shatskaya O. A. , Bondarenko I. Z. , Kukharenko S. S.
Published: September 2021

In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the development of vascular complications leading to early disability and a decrease in the life expectancy of patients. Aging of the body inevitably leads to the occurrence of age-related diseases, including the cardiovascular system, and increases the risk of death. Metabolic and structural and functional disorders of the cardiovascular system arising in diabetes mellitus have common pathophysiological mechanisms with aging of the body. Chronic hyperglycemia can accelerate the aging process and play a decisive role in the occurrence and prognosis of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Achieving target glycemic values is an important step towards preventing vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Improved models of glucometers, equipped with a number of additional functions, allow for structured self-control of glycemia, analyze the data obtained and carry out timely correction of therapy, actively involve patients in the process of diabetes management, which will significantly increase the efficiency of disease management, reduce the risk of complications in patients and improve the quality of life.
Modern facilities of pharmacological correction of hyperuricemia in rheumatic diseases: management of difficult clinical cases
Authors: Sivordova L. E. , Polyakova Yu. V. , Papichev E. V. , Akhverdyan Yu. R. , Zavodovskii B. V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents clinical cases of management of patients with low compliance with treatment, suffering from rheumatic diseases and disorders of purine metabolism.

Cases report 1. The first patient with advanced gout, after taking 100 mg of allopurinol, developed undesirable effects: sore throat, change in voice, cough, and therefore treatment was discontinued. After six months without therapy, the condition worsened and, in self-medication, the patient resumed taking allopurinol at a dose of 300 mg per day, which, as expected, resulted in a resumption of the allergic reaction and a serious exacerbation of gouty arthritis. In order to stop continuous relapses of arthritis, it became necessary to prescribe glucocorticoids. After stabilization of the state, constant administration of febucostat with positive clinical and laboratory dynamics was recommended.

Cases report 2. The second patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed analgesic nephropathy, secondary hyperuricemia, and typical gouty attacks in the background of high activity of the underlying disease, existing kidney pathology and inappropriate use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Frequent exacerbations of arthritis prompted the patient to finally see a rheumatologist. The adjusted therapy made it possible to reduce RA activity, reach the recommended level of uric acid, and reduce the drug load on the kidneys with almost complete withdrawal of NSAIDs. Thus, in modern conditions, rheumatologists have in reserve all the necessary means for the pharmacological correction of hyperuricemia, even in difficult clinical cases. Febucostat is the drug of choice for correcting uric acid levels in case of intolerance to allopurinol, as well as in the development of secondary gout against the background of renal failure. In addition, it should be noted that the effectiveness of the treatment of rheumatic diseases largely depends on the patient’s compliance. To increase adherence to therapy, regular patient schools are recommended.
Influence of coronavirus infection on the course of psoriasis
Authors: Katkova K. V. , Plieva K. T. , Denisova E. V. , Zhukova O. V. , Volnukhin A. V. , Korsunskaya I. M.
Published: September 2021

A new SARS-CoV-2-associated coronavirus infection pandemic began in late 2019. The present article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of COVID-19 impact on the course of psoriasis and its consequences. According to the scientific literature, patients with psoriasis are somewhat more likely to be infected with coronavirus infection than the healthy population, but tolerate it in a milder form. At the same time, cases of psoriatic process exacerbation during the active phase of the disease and after COVID-19 have been described. The negative effect of infection on skin disease can be explained by the common genome of the two nosologies, the «cytokine storm» and the prescription of COVID-19 drugs. In addition, both COVID-19 and psoriasis can cause liver dysfunction related to the specific pathogenesis of the diseases as well as the prescribed therapy. The article describes our own experience of monitoring patients with exacerbation of psoriasis against the background of coronavirus infection with pathological changes in liver tests. Inclusion of a fixed combination of glycyrrhizic acid and essential phospholipids in the complex treatment allowed to stop the exacerbation of the psoriatic process more effectively, to reduce the activity of liver enzymes without worsening the clinical conditions associated with COVID-19. Thus, in particular, a clinically significant improvement of the skin condition was recorded. In patient B., alanine aminotransferase activity decreased to 44.4 U/L and aspartate aminotransferase activity to 18.2 U/L. In turn, in patient M. the activity of liver enzymes decreased to 37.8 U/L and 34.7 U/L, respectively. The prescription of this drug can be considered pathogenetically justified, given the effect of glycyrrhizic acid on the production of key cytokines involved in the inflammatory process in psoriasis, coronavirus infection and liver pathology. In addition, the hypothesis of the ability of glycyrrhizic acid to prevent the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the cell by reducing the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is of interest.
The effect of post-procedure care on the effectiveness of skin restoration and correction of side effects after aesthetic procedures
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Ikonnikova E. V. , Avagumyan M. A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The  duration of  the  skin  healing period and the  final result of  cosmetic procedures are influenced not only by the treatment protocol and the type of therapy chosen, but also by skin care in the early post-treatment period.

Aim of study. Тo study the effectiveness and safety of the use of the topical agent “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” in patients in the early post-treatment period after cosmetic procedures, accompanied by traumatization of the skin.

Materials and methods. 20 female patients aged 19 to 49 years, who sought help for the correction of age-related skin changes, acne vulgaris, scarring of the skin and received the procedure of cosmetological therapy, accompanied by damage to the skin. All patients were assigned to group 1 (20 patients). Depending on the method of cosmetological treatment, the external remedy “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” was applied from 2 to 3 times a day at the treated area for 7 ± 2 days.

Results. According to the patients’ assessment of the effectiveness and comfort of the treatment, the use of the “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” in  the  early post-treatment period is an effective and safe method of  regenerative therapy of  the  skin  and has a  high therapeutic effectiveness, which was confirmed by the results of the study.

Conclusions. Based on the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness by the doctor and patients, as well as the evaluation of the monitoring of the dermatological status, the quality of life index, the patient’s subjective assessment of their response to therapy, consider the therapeutic effectiveness to be high, significantly contributing to the improvement of the quality of life.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology
Authors: Romanov A. Yu. , Syrkasheva A. G. , Donnikov A. E. , Dolgushina N. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Vitamin D administration is recommended for women with vitamin D insufficiency, who are planning to undergo assisted reproductive treatment (ART). The action of the active form of vitamin D is mediated through its vitamin D receptor (VDR). The presence of VDR in the cells and tissues of the female reproductive system suggests that vitamin D plays an important role in human reproduction. However, the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms on human reproduction has not been adequately studied.

Aim. To assess the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms on the folliculogenesis, embryogenesis and clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction programs.

Materials and methods. The cross-sectional study included 300 patients without complications during the assisted reproduction cycle. The number of follicles, oocyte-cumulus complexes, mature and immature oocytes, the presence of oocyte dysmorphisms, number of zygotes, fertilization rate, and the number of obtained blastocysts were evaluated. The determination of three polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI – rs2228570, BsmI – rs1544410, TaqI – rs731236) was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results. The incidence of perivitelline space pathology of oocytes in FokI A/A genotype patients was 5.7%, in A/G genotype patients  – 14.7%, in  G/G genotype patients  – 16.3% (p  =  0.041  when comparing A/A  genotype with A/G + G/G genotypes). Depending on the genotype, the pregnancy rate ranged from 38.5 to 52.8%, but no statistically significant differences were found.

Conclusion. It was shown that the perivitelline space pathology of oocytes in the FokI A/G genotype patients is 2.6 times higher, and in the G/G genotype patients – 2.9 times higher than in the A/A genotype patients. However, there were no differences in pregnancy rate among patients with different genotypes of FokI, BsmI and TaqI gene polymorphisms of VDR.
Panel of genetic markers for predicting the risk of developing dry eye disease of various etiologies
Authors: Safonova T. N. , Zaitseva G. V. , Burdennyy A. M. , Loginov V. I.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. World statistics indicate an increase in patients, including young people, suffering from dry eye disease (DED). Along with exogenous factors, the development of DED depends on a genetic predisposition. Changes in the expression of genes PTPN22, TRIM21, directly or indirectly affecting the T-cell link of immunity, leads to overproduction of cytokines and, as a consequence, damage to the ocular surface.

This study aimed to design a diagnostic panel of genetic markers to determine the risk for DED of various etiologies development.

Materials and methods. The  study included 154  patients with autoimmune diseases with and without established DED. With a  diagnosis of  rheumatoid arthritis (RA) n  =  79  and primary Sjogren’s syndrome (PSS) n  =  75. The  control group consisted of 100 people without ophthalmic diseases, 31 patients with exogenous DED. In this study, we use melting curve analysis to confirm the results of the association analysis for polymorphic markers in genes.

Results. The prognostic value of the predisposing genotypes of the TRIM21 gene of the markers rs915956 and rs7947461 with the risk of DED in the presence of RA (p ≤ 0.001), the marker rs4144331 at the tendency level (p ≤ 0.1) was determined. The risk of developing DES against the  background of  PSS is associated with the  presence of  the  predisposing genotypes of  the  TRIM21  genes, the rs4144331 marker, and the PTPN22 rs33996649 marker (p ≤ 0.001). The association of polymorphic markers of the TRIM21 rs7947461 gene and the PTPN22 gene of the rs33996649 marker (p ≤ 0.01) with the risk of developing exogenous DED was established.

Conclusions. The predisposing genotypes were identified and the associations of polymorphic markers of the TRIM21, PTPN22 genes were established. A diagnostic panel of genetic markers has been created to predict DED of various etiologies.
Management of patients with operated refractory neovascular glaucoma (clinical observation)
Authors: Gamidov A. A. , Surnina Z. V. , Andreeva I. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Thrombosis (occlusion) of the central retinal vein (RCVO) and its branches is one of the main causes of loss or significant decrease in vision, including in people of working age, while RCVO is the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. The incidence rates steadily increase with age, amounting to 0.7% in the 49–60 age group and reaching 4.6% in people over 80 years old. Acute violation of retinal venous blood flow often leads to retinal ischemia, triggering the mechanism of activation of endothelial vascular growth factor (VEGF). In a quarter of patients, occlusions of the retinal veins and its branches initially proceed according to the ischemic type, which is characterized by the formation of extensive non-perfused retinal zones occupying an area of 10 or more areas of the optic nerve head (optic nerve disc) according to fluorescent angiography (FAG). In 34% of such patients, the non-ischemic type of venous occlusion becomes ischemic within 3 years.

Aim. To develop an optimal algorithm for  the  management of  patients with operated neovascular uncompensated glaucoma against the background of occlusion of the central retinal vein.

Materials and methods. Two patients with operated secondary neovascular glaucoma of stage III-c. In the combined sequential therapy, the anti-VEGF medication Aflibercept (0.5 mg) was used, laser coagulation of residual newly formed vessels, laser reconstruction in the surgical area, contact transcleral cyclolazercoagulation, and laser coagulation of the peripheral parts of the retina were performed.

Results. The combined sequential treatment, combined with the appointment of antihypertensive drugs in drops, allowed to stabilize the level of IOP. IOP indicators remained at the level of normal values during 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusion. The use of combined laser technologies and anti-VEGF therapy allows potentiating and prolonging the hypotensive effect in the treatment of patients with operated secondary refractory neovascular glaucoma against the background of occlusion of the central retinal vein.
Low back pain: a case study
Authors: Khaibullina D. Kh. , Maksimov Yu. N. , Devlikamova F. I.
Published: September 2021

As defined in the WHO Bulletin (1999), low back pain (LBP) is pain, muscle tension or stiffness localized in the back between the XII pair of ribs and the lower gluteal folds, with or without irradiation in lower limbs. The LBP syndrome is not a nosological unit, but due to its high prevalence, social and economic importance, it has a separate heading in ICD-10 – (M 54.5). Various structures can be the source of LBP: intervertebral discs, facet and sacroiliac joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, fascia, spinal cord and its roots, peripheral nerves, etc. Depending on which structure the source of pain is, the nature of the pain can have a nociceptive, neuropathic or mixed character, which affects the tactics of patient management. The variety of clinical manifestations of LBP introduces certain difficulties in the process of making a diagnosis and may entail the appointment of treatment methods that are inadequate for the patient’s condition. In such cases, it is advisable to conduct an additional consultation in order to obtain a second medical opinion. The message is devoted to the analysis of a clinical case of LBP. During the examination of the patient, the nature of the pain, initially regarded as neuropathic, began to be interpreted as nociceptive. In accordance with this, a complex treatment was prescribed, which included pharmacological preparations and methods of non-drug therapy. In order to quickly relieve the pain syndrome, the drug dexketoprofen was used according to a stepwise scheme. Obtaining effective anesthesia within 5 days made it possible to abandon further NSAID intake and to continue follow-up treatment with a preparation of B vitamins, a muscle relaxant and SYSADOA in combination with non-drug methods of treatment. The considered clinical case illustrates both the difficulties arising in the diagnosis of LBP and the possibilities of successful conservative therapy of this disease.
Comparative analysis of bioelectric activity of the brain of ambulance station personnel before and after daily duty
Authors: Smolyakov Yu. N. , Ramensky V. V. , Nolfin N. A. , Anokhova L. I. , Fedorenko E. V. , Mikhahanov M. M.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The adaptive overload of the central nervous system, caused by occupational stress, leads to the disruption of complex operational activities in the ambulance station workers and an increasing number of errors in medical decision-making towards the end of the work shift.

Aim. To assess the level and prevalence of changes in the work of the central nervous system (CNS) under the influence of occupational stress.

Materials and methods. The study involved 35 workers (medical and nursing staff) of ambulance station (19 men and 16 women aged 20  to 55  years). Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded at rest for  3  minutes, according to international scheme 10-20  in  six leads: F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, P4. The  following rhythmic activity indicators were used: THETA  rhythm (4–8  Hz), ALPHA rhythm (8–12 Hz), BETA rhythm (BETA, 12–25 Hz) and their ratios.

Results and discussion. When analyzing the overall activity, there is a decrease in all the studied parameters. At the same time, THETA, BETA and the total power of all ranges showed significant dynamics. In spatial analysis, the most noticeable decrease in activity in the frontal lobes (F3, F4) is responsible for motor behavior (premotor area of the cortex), executive functions (behavior control, inductive reasoning, planning), short-term and spatial memory, attention (spatial and motor). The decrease in activity in the temporal (T3, T4) and parietal (P3, P4) departments is observed only in some indicators.

Conclusions. Professional workload during the 24 hour shift has a predominant effect on the activity of the frontal lobes, reducing the ability to control and plan complex (precise) motor functions, visual-spatial attention and planning abilities. These mechanisms are key to the professional work of the personnel of the emergency medical service and determine the number of errors.
Flash glucose monitoring in gestational diabetes mellitus: possibilities for assessing glycemic variability
Authors: Ushanova F. O. , Demidova T. Yu. , Izmaylova M. Ya.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Blood glucose monitoring is critical in maintaining glycemic control in women with GDM and in reducing adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. One of the tools that can help achieve optimal glycemic control during pregnancy is continuous glucose monitoring, which empowers clinicians to assess the characteristics of daily glycemic variability.

The aim. Compare biweekly glycemic profiles and glycemic variability in pregnant women with GDM and in healthy pregnant women using the FreeStyle Libre flash glycemic monitoring system.

Materials and methods. Analysis of the glycemic profile of 49 pregnant women aged 33.2 ± 6.1 years. The average gestational age of the women included in the study was 12.6 ± 6.4 weeks. Pregnant women were divided into 2 groups: 37 pregnant women with GDM and 12 healthy pregnant women. Each group underwent two-week glucose profile monitoring using the FreeStyle Libre continuous monitoring system. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Office Excel 2016, STATISTICA 10 programs (developed by StatSoft.Inc), EasyGV, version 9.

Results. The average glycemic level in the groups was 4.724 ± 0.37 mmol/L vs 4.24 ± 0.34 mmol/L, respectively (p˂0.001). Comparative analysis of GV parameters in groups of pregnant women with and without GDM: SD – 0.908 vs 0.7213 (p˂0.05); LI – 1.5 vs 0.8 (p˂0.05); HBGI – 0.503 vs 0.42 (p˂0.05); J-index – 10.343 vs 7.9870 (p˂0.001); MOOD – 0.956 vs 0.7992 (p˂0.05); MAGE  – 2.326  vs 1.8042  (p˂0.05); ADDR  – 2.216  vs 0.4210  (p˂0.05); MAG  – 4.612  vs 2.6163  (p˂0.001), respectively. The CONGA index did not show a statistically significant difference in both groups: 3.95 vs 3.7 (p = 0.5).

Conclusions. Flash-glycemic monitoring can be used to obtain more detailed information about the glycemic profile, especially when it is difficult to assess the degree of GDM compensation. Continuous glucose monitoring can facilitate the optimization of glycemic control and provide a basis for treatment decisions.
Possibilities of daytime anxolytics in the correction of residual neurological manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Alexandrova E. A. , Parshina E. V. , Borodacheva I. V. , Suslov A. G. , Beliakov K. M. , Yulin V. S. , Fomin S. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. In  addition to acute manifestations, coronavirus infection is characterized by long-lasting symptoms: asthenia, somatic vegetative manifestations, sleep disorders and psychoemotional background, the  question of  therapeutic correction of which is especially relevant.

The aim of the studywas to study the mental, somatoform and cognitive aspects of anxiety disorders after coronavirus infection during treatment with tofizopam (Grandaxin®) at 150 mg / day.

Materials and methods. The study involved patients who had a new coronavirus infection, who 4 weeks after the end of treatment for the underlying disease had complaints that suggest the presence of an anxiety disorder. The Hamilton scale was used to assess the level of anxiety. The patients were examined before the start of treatment, after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of therapy.

Results. Prior to the start of therapy, all patients had an overall high level of anxiety: the average HAM-A score was 31.72 ± 2.24  points. At the  end of  Grandaxin® therapy, all patients showed a  decrease in  the  level of  anxiety: the  average score for HAM-A was 12.68 ± 2.04 points (p < 0.001). At the end of the course of therapy, patients noted an increase in mental performance, improved memory and attention, that is, a decrease in the severity of cognitive disorders associated with anxiety was> distinct – the average score on the “cognitive disorders” subscale decreased three times – from 1.6 ± 0.12 to 0.5 ± 0.09 (p˂0.001).

Conclusions.Disorders of the psychoemotional background (more often in the form of increased personal anxiety), sleep disorders, autonomic disorders, asthenic syndrome significantly affect the quality of life of patients who have suffered a new coronavirus infection. A comprehensive approach is needed in the clinical diagnosis of the long-term consequences of a new coronavirus infection and their subsequent correction with drug therapy.
Histórico e documentos de formação da ONU: propósitos e princípios
Authors: Gonçalves Williams
Published: September 2021

T his article discusses the creation process of the United Nations and highlights the principal negotiations and documents concerning its creation. It distinguishes the different interests which moved the great powers diplomacy and analyses the medium powers roles between the finalization process and the creation of a new organism. It discusses also the balance of power concept which oriented the great powers policies as a control mechanism in their relations. From that period on this concept was considered inadequate .
SÍNDROME DO IMOBILISMO EM LEOA (PANTHERA LEO LINNAEUS 1758) DE CATIVEIRO – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Souza Marcos Vinícius de , Botelho Núbia Estéfane Gomes , Silva Júnior Paulo Gabriel Pereira da , Vidal Maria Larissa Bitencourt , Batista Maycon José
Published: September 2021

A síndrome do imobilismo provoca alterações significativas no organismo dos animais que estão doentes e/ou hospitalizados com dificuldades de locomoção por um longo período, e dessa forma comprometendo toda a funcionalidade do animal. Essas alterações podem afetar todos os sistemas do corpo e seus efeitos e suas complicações comprometem a funcionalidade, impedindo por exemplo a interação deste indivíduo no grupo, podendo também modificar o seu estado emocional ocasionando um aumento do estresse. O animal doente e/ou hospitalizados torna-se descondicionado, o que reduz a sua capacidade de executar exercícios e diminui sua tolerância aos pequenos esforços. O prolongado tempo de internação e/ou decúbito, posicionamento com falta de mobilização, ou seja, a não alternância entre os decúbitos, predispõe a modificações anato morfológicas dos músculos e tecidos orgânicos. Estas modificações incluem alterações do alinhamento biomecânico, comprometimento cardiopulmonar, contraturas articulares, diminuição da força muscular, aparecimento de úlceras de pressão e/ou lesões por assaduras e aumento da osteoporose aumentando assim a morbidade e mortalidade.
ANÁLISE ERGONÔMICA DE POSTURA EM CONSULTÓRIO ODONTOLÓGICO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Barboza Douglas Vieira , Pacheco Gabriel Casemiro , Silva Tiago Dos Santos , Dias Wesley De Araújo , Meiriño Marcelo Jasmim
Published: September 2021

Os profissionais de odontologia estão expostos a diversos riscos quanto a sua integridade física de cunho ergonômico e normalmente não possuem supervisão sobre o seu posicionamento em função das tarefas laborais a serem executadas. Além dos riscos de acidentes, os odontólogos podem ser acometidos a desordens musculoesqueléticas, perda auditiva por ruído de aparelhos, estresse e dermatoses . Entretanto o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma avaliação postural do trabalho de dentistas, abordando os possíveis sintomas musculoesqueléticos. Para isso, além do embasamento teórico a partir de bibliografias publicadas, foi realizado um estudo de caso em um consultório no município de Maricá, sendo utilizado o método semi-quantitativo de  Análise de Postura de Trabalho Ovako (OWAS). Foi identificado que algumas das posturas utilizadas pelos profissionais necessitam de uma possível correção futuramente e uma necessita de correção urgentemente. Desta forma se contribui para a maior conscientização deste grupo e melhora na qualidade da saúde ocupacional.
LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL APLICADA ÀS ATIVIDADES PORTUÁRIAS A RELAÇÃO DE PRESIDENTE KENNEDY, ES, COM O PORTO CENTRAL
Authors: Corrêa Sandila Fabelo , Ferrari Stéphanie Lã
Published: September 2021

É irrefutável que os recursos naturais são limitados e que a atividade portuária é uma causadora de impactos negativos ao ambiente. O artigo visa analisar as principais legislações vigentes que regulam a atividade portuária e a relevância da interação dos municípios e das cidades com os portos. Foi realizado um estudo de caso do Porto Central, localizado em Presidente Kennedy, ES, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos, legislações e informações disponibilizadas nos sites do Porto Central, da Prefeitura Municipal de Presidente Kennedy, da Agência Nacional de Transportes Aquaviários (ANTAQ) e do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis. Foi verificado que a ANTAQ e a Secretaria de Portos são as principais entidades responsáveis pela regulamentação, supervisão e fiscalização da atividade portuária e constatada a importância de uma gestão ambiental compartilhada pautada nos interesses sociais e econômicos da localidade, em que o empreendimento é inserido, com foco no desenvolvimento sustentável.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Gestão Ambiental. Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Interação município-porto.
DOCÊNCIA EM SAÚDE, UM OLHAR CRÍTICO
Authors: Parreira Felipe Moura , Fávero Ana Carolina Dondoni
Published: September 2021

Mudança e adaptação são palavras de ordem em um tempo em que informação é poder, e ele se projeta para as necessidades da sociedade e com os profissionais que são apresentados a ela pelas instituições de ensino superior. A docência em saúde é um campo de complexidade ímpar, por conter uma intercessão singular e delicada, onde muitas vezes os docentes não estão totalmente aptos para exercer a função com a expertise exigida. Este artigo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada através da utilização de artigos publicados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, biblioteca virtual SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), e no Portal de periódicos da CAPES. Os dados foram coletados a partir da definição dos Descritores da Ciência da Saúde (DeCS): “Docência”, “Ensino Superior”, “Saúde” e “Pedagogia”. Através do presente trabalho, tentou-se de maneira simples e objetiva explicitar a importância da docência na saúde, as expectativas da sociedade quanto à formação em saúde, os entraves mais comuns à aplicação das técnicas pedagógicas e estimular a reflexão quanto a melhoria e otimização da prática da docência em saúde. É nítida a falta de preparo de muitos docentes da área de saúde, não somente por culpa própria, mas também por situações impostas pelo contexto, por falta de opções de aprender ou aprimorar a competência pedagógica. Uma reflexão profunda e sistemática faz-se necessária, uma vez que a melhoria do cenário se faz nas bases do ensino superior em saúde, na graduação, pós graduação e em educação continuada.
PECHA KUCHA COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Pereira Adriana Rodrigues , Santos Neto Francisco Aristides dos
Published: September 2021

As metodologias ativas visam a participação ativa dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e, os docentes, atuam apenas como orientadores. Dessa forma, é possível obter um aprendizado mais significativo, uma vez que os alunos são os protagonistas do processo educacional. Este artigo visa apresentar a utilização do Pecha Kucha como uma metodologia ativa no ensino superior. A atividade foi aplicada remotamente para discentes do curso de engenharia civil de uma instituição em São João del-Rei, MG. O Pecha Kucha consiste em uma apresentação de 20 slides, programados para terem uma duração de 20 segundos cada. Tal formato de apresentação é uma alternativa às apresentações tradicionais no Power Point e permitem que o conteúdo seja sumarizado. Além de desenvolver competências relativas à síntese de informações, o Pecha Kucha também desenvolve a comunicação oral dos discentes. Para realizar a atividade, os discentes foram divididos em grupos de três alunos. Os temas foram previamente decididos, entretanto a autonomia discente foi reiterada durante a etapa de pesquisa, análise e seleção de informações para o Pecha Kucha. Os resultados obtidos mediante a percepção discente e docente indicam que a atividade foi efetiva para cumprir os objetivos de aprendizagem e a intenção pedagógica definidos previamente pela docente. Diversas competências foram desenvolvidas durante o Pecha Kucha como, por exemplo, o trabalho em equipe, a autonomia, capacidade de síntese, capacidade para organizar e administrar o tempo, comunicação oral e habilidades para buscar, processar e analisar informações.
O ENSINO DE FÍSICA E O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS: DESAFIOS DE UMA PRATICA METODOLÓGICA
Authors: Silva Leonilda Nascimento , Veloso Maria Sônia Silva Oliveira
Published: September 2021

O ensino de Física prende - se, no geral aos conceitos teórico, e assim em muitas das vezes causa o esquecimento da construção do saber investigativo e o estudo de caso. Desta maneira, é fácil encontrarmos estudantes que consideram a Ciência “chata”, desinteressante e sem valor, o que se aplica integralmente ao caso específico da física. Nesse contexto normalmente essa pratica de ensino é marcado pelo foco nos aspectos formais e matemáticos, dificultando que o aluno desenvolva um verdadeiro raciocínio físico acerca do problema abordado. Diante da problemática, usou – se uma estratégia didática de investigação e competição voltada para a motivação e curiosidade. Com a utilização dos aparatos tecnológicos educacionais é possível adquirir uma relevância inestimável para o ensino nesta geração. Nesse contexto as plataformas virtuais de aprendizagens vieram para inserir – se, definitivamente como pratica metodológica necessária para o profissional da educação básica, pois é uma ferramenta que possibilita, acompanhar a evolução do processo de ensino. Desta maneira as aulas através dessas ferramentas passam a ser um novo espaço de otimização da aprendizagem. E assim, ainda promovem uma pratica metodológica diferenciada que permiti ao professor, compartilhar seus conhecimentos e não apenas ensinar, como se era de costume. Esses aparatos tecnológicos favoreceram aos discentes a interação, onde obtiveram êxito ao realizar as atividades propostas no ambiente e alguns conseguiram relacionar os conceitos abordados no cotidiano com os propostos nos livros didáticos, esta conexão ocorreu mediante o uso do jogo do labirinto. Ao utilizar os recursos tecnológicos disponíveis nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, estes permitem aos alunos uma perspectiva mais concreta dos conteúdos a serem abordados em um ambiente presencial e ao mesmo tempo que o docente compartilha seu conhecimento, concretizando assim um ambiente de aprendizagem onde, não apenas se ensina, mas também se compartilha.
TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL E EDUCAÇÃO 4.0: CULTURA DIGITAL NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Siqueira Moisés Luiz Gomes , Bittencourt Alexandre Horácio Couto , Novaes Ana Maria Pires , Avelar Katia Eliane Santos
Published: September 2021

Nos dias atuais, percebe-se que a sociedade e principalmente a escola está cada vez mais informatizada e, para que os professores possam acompanhar esse ato da globalização, é importante que consigam dominar bem ferramentas tecnológicas. As tecnologias móveis e sem fio fazem parte do que chamamos de tecnologia de informação e comunicação (TICS’S) e, é quase impossível ver um aluno em sala de aula sem um aparelho tecnológico cada vez mais sofisticado que desempenha variadas funções, como celulares, tablets, smartphones, notebooks e outros. Logo, podemos inferir que, nesse sentido, as TIC’s possuem ferramentas importantes que podem auxiliar o trabalho educacional facilitando e agilizando a aprendizagem no ensino básico pois contribui para que haja uma atualização no que compete ao conhecimento e aprendizagem através de várias ferramentas tecnológicas. Essas ferramentas estão ligadas diretamente ao que se chama de Educação 4.0, que é a era da inovação, em que a produção inovadora é incentivada a partir do aprendizado na prática e as tecnologias usadas podem ir desde redes sociais até aplicativos (apps) personalizados.
Simultaneous Quantification of Amorphous and Crystalline Valsartan in Tablets Using Raman Spectroscopy and Chemometrics Tools
Authors: Domingos Rafael C. , Pinheiro Adonilson , de Alvarenga Jr Benedito , Carneiro Renato , Farias Marco
Published: September 2021

Valsartan is an antihypertensive active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), it is used in the amorphous state in the commercial products. As amorphous materials are metastable, amorphous valsartan can crystallize to valsartan E, promoting changes in the dissolution and bioavailability of the drug. Tablets containing metastable forms of APIs need special conditions for transport and storage in order to avoid crystallization (from amorphous state) or polymorphic transitions (from less stable crystalline structures). A multivariate calibration model based on interval partial least squares (iPLS) regression allied to net analyte signal (NAS) algorithm was built to simultaneously quantify amorphous (VAL-AM) and crystalline (VAL-E) valsartan. Mixtures of VAL-AM and VAL-E were used to produce tablets in order to simulate the crystallization of VAL-AM in a range from 0 to 100% of conversion. The calibration set included 11 samples and 5 samples were used as the external validation set. The following parameters of merit (POM) were obtained for both polymorphs in order to evaluate the calibration model quality: root mean square error (RMSE) for cross validation (RMSECV), validation (RMSEV) and calibration (RMSEC), sensitivity (SEN), selectivity (SEL), analytical sensitivity (γ), inverse analytical sensitivity (γ-1), limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ).
Passive treatment test of acid mine drainage from an abandoned coal mine in Kaili Guizhou, China
Authors: Wenbo Li , Qiyan Feng , Haoqian Liang , Di Chen , Xiangdong Li
Published: September 2021

Discharge of acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines of the YuDong catchment in Kaili City, Guizhou Province, China, has severely damaged local ecological environments. In this study, a laboratory-scale dispersed alkaline substrate (DAS) was studied for the treatment of simulated AMD. The experimental conditions and reaction mechanisms were preliminarily explored. The treatment effect and variation law of vertical effluent water quality of the experimental conditions were thoroughly analysed. The results indicated that small-sized limestone (diameter 5–7 mm) having a 20:1 mixture ratio with shavings and minimum HRT of 20 hours result in increasing effluent pH from 3.5 to 6.6, achieving 66.2% and 99.1% removal of Fe and Al, respectively. There were obvious differences in each reaction layer for the removal of various pollutants from AMD along the depth by DAS, the main reaction zone was first 20–30 cm of the reaction column. The removal process of metal ions and sulfate was accompanied by bio-mineralization reaction. This test provided a valuable support for the local practical engineering applications, enriched the AMD processing technology experimental cases, and provided reference for the treatment technology of similar polluted areas.
Purification of spent deicing fluid by membrane techniques
Authors: Lehto Joni , Heikkinen Juha , Kyllönen Hanna , Hakala Juha , Suomalainen Marjut
Published: September 2021

Membrane-based concept comprising microfiltration and nanofiltration pre-treatments, reverse osmosis pre-concentration, and membrane distillation used for final concentration was applied for producing purified and concentrated recycled deicing fluid. Additionally, a techno-economic assessment was conducted to determine the economic viability of the recycling concept. By a straightforward membrane-based concept, ∼95% of solid and colloidal impurities together with certain deicing fluid additives such as colorants and surfactants could be efficiently removed (removal efficiencies of ∼90% and ∼93%, respectively), and resulting purified deicing fluid could be concentrated to ∼60 wt% glycol solution, enabling its recycling in deicing operations. Preliminary techno-economic assessment indicated that a membrane-based concept can be used as an economically viable alternative for recycling the spent deicing fluid at airports. The techno-economic case study at an airport consuming 4,000 tonnes of deicing fluid during 6 months annually showed the concept to be economically feasible when the price of purchased propylene glycol is over 1,000 EUR/tonne. In addition to the purchase price of the propylene glycol, the most important cost factors were labor cost and the annual consumption of deicing fluid. Integrating the membrane concept with other operations at airport has potential to decrease the labor cost and further improve the economic feasibility of the concept.
Functioned catalysts with magnetic core applied in ibuprofen degradation
Authors: Lenzi Giane Gonçalves , Lopes Mylena Ferreira , Andrade Dana Isabelly , Napoli José Salvador , Parolin Andrieli , Fávaro Yuri Barros , Kounaris Fuziki Maria Eduarda , de Almeida Lariana Negrão Beraldo , Josué Tatiana Gulminie , Dias Daniele Toniolo , Tusset Angelo Marcelo
Published: September 2021

In the present work, the performance of Ag/ZnO/CoFe2O4 magnetic photocatalysts in the photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen (IBP) was evaluated. This study considered the use of pure Ag/ZnO (5% Ag) and also the use of the Ag/ZnO/CoFe2O4 magnetic catalysts containing different amounts (5, 10 and 15% wt) of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4). The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoacoustic spectroscopy. To carry out the photocatalytic degradation reaction, different concentrations of the ibuprofen contaminant solution (10, 20 and 30 ppm) and different concentrations of photocatalyst were tested (0.3 g L−1, 0.5 g L−1 and 1.0 g L−1). The reaction parameters studied were: IBP concentration, catalyst concentration, adsorption and photolysis, influence of the matrix, radiation source (solar and artificial) and the effect of organic additive. At the end of the photocatalytic tests, the best operating conditions were defined. Considering the obtained results of degradation efficiency and magnetic separation, the optimal parameters selected to proceed with the other tests of the study were: ibuprofen solution concentration 10 ppm, Ag/ZnO/CoFe2O4 (5%) catalyst at a concentration of 0.3 g L−1 and pH 4.5 of the reaction medium. The results indicated the feasibility of magnetic separation of the synthesized catalysts. A long duration test indicated that the catalyst exhibits stability throughout the degradation reaction, as more than 80% of IBP was degraded after 300 minutes. The photocatalytic activity was directly affected by the ferrite load. The higher the nominal load of ferrite, the lower the performance in IBP degradation. It was also observed that the smallest amount of ferrite studied was enough for the catalyst to be recovered and reused. The adsorption and photolysis tests did not show significant results in the IBP degradation. In addition, it was possible to verify that the aqueous matrix, the use of solar radiation and the addition of additive (acid formic) were interfered directly in the process. The catalyst reuse tests indicated that it can be recovered and reused at least three times without considerable catalytic activity loss.
Niemcy. Geopolityka migracji: tragedia kanclerz Merkel w pięciu aktach
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: September 2021

Niniejszy artykuł opisuje niemieckie podejście do kryzysu migracyjnego, trwającego od kilku lat w Europie pod kątem polityki prowadzonej przez niemiecką kanclerz Angelę Merkel. Niniejsza polityka została opisana jako tragedia składająca się z pięciu aktów. W sposób szczególny została ukazana nieudolność polityki w relacjach z Turcją oraz nieprzystosowanie się niemieckiego społeczeństwa do zjawiska nielegalnej imigracji jako permanentnego stanu łamania obowiązującego prawa do którego Niemcy są przywiązani.
Twórcze napięcie między religią a polityką i espistemologiczne pokusy jego redukcji na gruncie nauk o polityce. Pamięci prof. Ernsta-Wolfganga Böckenfördego
Authors: Sowiński Sławomir
Published: September 2021

Słynny „paradoks Böckenfördego” może prowadzić do pytania: czy współczesne nauki o polityce potrafią uchwycić wartość strukturalnego napięcie między religią a polityką? I w polityce, i w świecie religii dostrzec można tendencję do redukcji tego napięcia, albo poprzez próbę utożsamiania polityki z religią, albo poprzez ich całkowite separowanie. W wymiarze epistemologicznego tendencję do redukcji tego napięcia dostrzec można także w naukach o polityce, choć w różnych stopniu występuje ono w ujęciach: funkcjonalistycznym, instytucjonalnym, czy historycznym.
„Postęp” a Kościół w kontekście praw człowieka: doświadczenie Rady Europy
Authors: Ciechański Jerzy
Published: September 2021

Prawa człowieka stały się instrumentem “Postępu”, rozumianego jako licencja na zaspokojenie wszelkich ludzkich pragnień, w służbie “Utopii”, rozumianej jako sytuacja, w której wszystkie prawa człowieka są w pełni zrealizowane. Rada Europy i inne podobne organizacje stały się wygodnymi forami legitymizowania i prawnego sankcjonowania tych aspiracji. Efektem jest niepowstrzymana proliferacja praw człowieka, żądanie ich amalgamacji poprzez uznanie wszystkich praw za tak samo kategorycznie obowiązujące, jak prawa obywatelskie i polityczne, zaś ostatecznie – trywializacja praw człowieka. Tymczasem Kościół Katolicki ma coś ważnego do powiedzenia w odniesieniu do wszystkich najważniejszych punktów debaty w tej kwestii. Lecz jego przedstawiciele często zachowują się pasywnie we wszystkich tych rozmaitych ciałach eksperckich Rady Europy i innych podobnych organizacji, gdzie wykuwa się tak rozumiany „Postęp”. Artykuł postuluje zmianę tego podejścia.
Uniwersytet katolicki wobec wyzwania marnotrawstwa rozumu
Authors: Vermersch Dominique
Published: September 2021

Artykuł dotyczy istoty i misji uniwersytetu katolickiego. Autor wskazując na powszechne przeświadczenie dotyczące rozdźwięku porządków wiary i rozumu zwraca uwagę na fakt, że w badaniach rozum ludzki został zredukowany do rozumu utylitarnego i pozytywistycznego. W konsekwencji ludzkie poznanie zostaje odcięte od transcendencji, a nauka od pojęcia prawdy obiektywnej. Misją uniwersytetu jest zatem przywrócenie pierwotnej jedności wiary i rozumu.
Janusz Mariański, Nowa religijność i duchowość – mit czy rzeczywistość? Studium socjologiczne, Warszawskie Wydawnictwo Socjologiczne, Warszawa 2019, ss. 265
Authors: Zduniak Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

W ciągu ostatnich dziesięcioleci ogromną i wciąż rosnącą popularnością cieszy się pojęcie duchowości. Zjawiska określane tym mianem uchodziły niegdyś za część składową religii – jej pogłębiony, wewnętrzny wymiar, interesujący raczej teologów i duszpasterzy niż socjologów. Obecnie duchowość przeżywa swoją koniunkturę. Dzieje się tak przynajmniej z kilku powodów. W miarę zawężania się zakresu zjawisk określanych jako „religia”, które coraz częściej w społecznym odbiorze kojarzone są z kontekstem instytucjonalnym, rozszerza się zakres zjawisk niemających nic wspólnego z Kościołami, wyznaniami i denominacjami, a jednak odnoszących się do ludzkich poszukiwań wykraczających poza sferę rzeczywistości empirycznej, niekoniecznie powiązanych z sacrum teistycznym. Religia jest coraz częściej kojarzona z zestawem nieprzekraczalnych zakazów i nakazów, niepodlegających dyskusji dogmatów, z przymusem podejmowania decyzji i określania się raz na zawsze. Jest więc często postrzegana jako struktura opresyjna, a nie jest to cecha popularna w kulturze współczesnej, promującej wolność, samostanowienie, elastyczne dostosowywanie się do aktualnych wymogów i sytuacji.
Cultivo in vitro do cultivar italiano de morangueiro Pircinque
Authors: Samila Silva Camargo  , Aline Meneguzzi  , Leo Rufato
Published: September 2021

Estudos sobre a multiplicação de cultivares de morangueiro recentemente introduzidos no Brasil são necessários para verificar o potencial de produção das mudas. Verificaram-se dois meios de cultura (KNOP e MS) e componentes, no estabelecimento e multiplicação in vitro de Pircinque, a fim de otimizar o protocolo de micropropagação para o cultivar. Pesquisaram-se concentrações de PPM® durante o estabelecimento e na multiplicação, níveis de sacarose, ágar, carvão ativado, Fe EDDHa, BAP e GA3 . Além disso, foi avaliada a influência da “dupla fase”, com combinações do meio de cultivo, carvão ativado e BAP. Concluiu-se que, no estabelecimento, KNOP + 2 mL L-1 PPM possibilita maior sobrevivência dos explantes, enquanto o meio de cultura MS favorece a multiplicação deles. A adição dos seguintes componentes é indicada para a maior eficiência da técnica: 30 g L-1 sacarose; 6 g L-1 ágar; 4 g L-1 carvão ativado; 0,1 g L-1 Fe EDDHA; 1 mg L-1 BAP; e 0,250 mg L-1 GA3 . Após cultivo em meio MS sólido, indica-se o uso da técnica de “dupla fase”, com adição de MS líquido com a combinação de 0,5 mg L-1 de BAP e de 4 g L-1 de carvão ativado.