bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Placental Drainage in the Active Management of the Third Stage against the Duration of Three Childbirths in the Independent Practice of Midwives in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Gustiana Gustiana , Novemi Novemi , Yusnaini Yusnaini , Kartinazahri Kartinazahri , Fitraniar Iin
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The third stage of active management has become a standard practice in delivery management. Implementation of childbirth care requires accelerated release of the placenta to avoid bleeding. Placental drainage can shorten the duration of the three stages and reduce blood loss during labor.

AIM: The aim of the study is to analyzing the effectiveness of placental drainage in the third stage active management of the third stage of delivery at the midwife’s independent practice (PMB) in the city of Banda Aceh.

METHODS: This study used a Quasi Experiment design with a post-test control design. This research was carried out for 12 weeks at the PMB in Banda Aceh City, namely mothers who gave birth at the Erni Munir PMB and the Independent Practice Midwife Mutia Yacob. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The sample in this study amounted to thirty mothers giving birth, divided into two groups, namely, the treatment group with placental drainage as many as 15 mothers and respondents with cord clamping as many as 15 mothers. With the inclusion criteria, the mother is willing to be a respondent, the vital signs of normal mothers, single and live fetuses, term pregnancy, and an interpretation of average fetal weight ≥ 2500 g. Data analysis used the MannWhitney test, with a confidence level of 95%.

RESULTS: The results showed a difference in effectiveness between the placental drainage group and the umbilical cord clamping group, as evidenced by a statistical test with p = 0.001. The length of three stages required by mothers to give birth with placental drainage has a mean value of 4.47 min with a standard deviation of 0.516. The average length of time required by the mother to give birth with umbilical cord clamping is 5.40 min with a standard deviation value of 0.828.

CONCLUSION: Placental drainage was more effective than umbilical cord clamping to shorten the third stage length in the Independent Practice of Midwives in Banda Aceh City.
Association between Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor and 25-OH Vitamin D Levels with Vitamin D Receptors Gene Polymorphism (rs2228570) in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Hypothyroidism
Authors: Kamyshna Iryna , Pavlovych Larysa , Kamyshnyi Aleksandr
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Different polymorphisms in Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) have an important role in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) risk. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most recurrent autoimmune thyroid disorder. Patients with HT may suffer from cognitive impairment brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which has been identified as an important growth factor that is involved in learning and memory. AIM: This study examined the linkage of VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) with blood serum levels of BDNF and 25-OH Vitamin D in thyroid pathology of patients in the West Ukrainian population. METHODS: This research is a case–control study was performed in HSEEU “Bukovinian State Medical University,” Chernivtsi Regional Endocrinology Center, and I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, from September 2017 to December 2020. The study involved a total of 153 patients with post-operative hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism induced by AIT, and patients with both AIT and elevated serum antibodies anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) and anti-thyroid peroxidase. BDNF levels in the sera of the patients and healthy individuals were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with highly sensitive Human BDNF ELISA Kit. Genotyping of the VDR (rs2228570) gene polymorphism using TaqMan probes and TaqMan Genotyping Master Mix (4371355) on CFX96™ Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Detection System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., USA). PCR for TaqMan genotyping was carried out according to the kit instructions (Applied Biosystems, USA). RESULTS: Our study revealed a significant decrease in the BDNF level in the study group in carriers of the AA and AG genotypes by 1.58 and 2.39 times, corresponding, compared with carriers of the AA genotype in the control group. Concurrently, there was no significant difference in the BDNF level between different genotypes of VDR rs2228570 in the research group. In our study, analysis of the correlation between serum BDNF levels and 25-OH Vitamin D concentration shows a moderate direct relationship (r = 0.4) between BDNF and 25-OH Vitamin D (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The rs2228570 VDR polymorphism is not a risk factor for decreased serum BDNF levels. At the same time, our study found a moderate direct relationship between serum BDNF levels and 25-OH Vitamin D.
Effect of Chewing Gum on Pain Following Orthodontic Elastomeric Separators Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abdul-Aziz Ahmed I.
Published: September 2021

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate whether chewing gum (CG) can reduce pain as compared to non-CG (NG) after orthodontic elastomeric separators placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to CG group (mean age = 21.82 ± 0.87 years) and NG group (mean age = 22.31 ± 1.09 years). Patients in the CG group were instructed to chew sugar-free gum for 10 min immediately after separators placement and then at 8-h intervals for 1 week, while the patients in the NG group were instructed not to chew any type of gum for the duration of the study. Patients in the two groups were asked not to use any type of analgesics. The patients were asked to register their pain level using a 10-cm horizontal line visual analog scale at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and then daily for 1 week after separators placement. RESULTS: The data from 53 patients (27 in the NG group and 26 in the CG group) were analyzed. The pain scores were significantly lower in CG as compared to NG at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and 2 days after separators placement. From day 3 to the end of the week duration of the study, the pain scores stayed lower in the CG group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: CG significantly reduced pain resulting from orthodontic elastomeric separators placement as compared to non-CG controls.
Amelioration of Cisplatin-induced Liver Injury by Extract Ethanol of Pometia pinnata
Authors: Adrian Adrian , Syahputra Rony Abdi , Lie Sukirman , Nugraha Sony Eka
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin use in clinical practice has been associated with an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective activity of extract ethanol Pometia pinnata on rats induced Cisplatin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were separated into six groups (five rats). Group I was received only carboxy methyl cellulose. Group II was received a 7 mg/kgbw Cisplatin injection on day 3. Group III-VI were extract groups (Vitamin C 1%, 100 mg/kgbb, 200 mg/kgbb, and 400 mg/kgbb) administered orally from day 1 to 7, followed by Cisplatin injection on day 3. On day 8, rats were injected with 1% ketamine, open the chest and draw blood directly from the heart and centrifugated 5000 RPM (10–15 min), take the supernatant layer for analysis AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels.

RESULTS: The effect of extract ethanol of P. pinnata on liver injury biochemical markers AST, ALT, LDH, and total protein. Group negative had a significant increase (p < 0.05) in comparison to the normal that did not receive extract or Cisplatin. Meanwhile, there was a drop in biochemical parameters in the group given the extract in groups dose 100, 200, 400 mg/kgbw. Group VI of biochemical parameters statistically there is no significant different with group normal group (p > 0.05) that showing P. pinnata extract has hepatoprotective activity.

CONCLUSION: In summary, extract ethanol of P. pinnata has hepatoprotective effect by reducing the level of AST, ALT, total protein, and LDH levels.
A modeler's manifesto: Synthesizing modeling best practices with social science frameworks to support critical approaches to data science
Authors: Eitzel M.V.
Published: September 2021

In the face of the "crisis of reproducibility" and the rise of "big data" with its associated issues, modeling needs to be practiced more critically and less automatically. Many modelers are discussing better modeling practices, but to address questions about the transparency, equity, and relevance of modeling, we also need the theoretical grounding of social science and the tools of critical theory. I have therefore synthesized recent work by modelers on better practices for modeling with social science literature (especially feminist science and technology studies) to offer a "modeler’s manifesto": a set of applied practices and framings for critical modeling approaches. Broadly, these practices involve 1) giving greater context to scientific modeling through extended methods sections, appendices, and companion articles, clarifying quantitative and qualitative reasoning and process; 2) greater collaboration in scientific modeling via triangulation with different data sources, gaining feedback from interdisciplinary teams, and viewing uncertainty as openness and invitation for dialogue; and 3) directly engaging with justice and ethics by watching for and mitigating unequal power dynamics in projects, facing the impacts and implications of the work throughout the process rather than only afterwards, and seeking opportunities to collaborate directly with people impacted by the modeling.
The Nazeris fauna of the Nanling Mountain Range, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)
Authors: Lin Xiao-Bin , Hu Jia-Yao
Published: September 2021

Fourteen species of Nazeris Fauvel, 1873 are reported for the Nanling Mountain Range, China. Four of them are described as new: N. xingmini Lin & Hu, sp. nov. (Guangdong, Jiangxi), N. huaiweni Lin & Hu, sp. nov. (Guangdong), N. meihuaae Lin & Hu, sp. nov. (Guangdong, Jiangxi) and N. lichongi Lin & Hu, sp. nov. (Hunan). An identification key to the Nazeris species reported for the Nanling Mountains, and a map showing their distribution are provided.
The method of extremal shift in control problems for evolution variational inequalities under disturbances
Authors: Maksimov Vyacheslav
Published: September 2021

The problems of designing feedback control algorithms for parabolic and hyperbolic variational inequalities are considered. These algorithms should preserve given properties of solutions of inequalities under the action of unknown disturbances. Solving algorithms that are stable with respect to informational noises are constructed. The algorithms are based on the method of extremal shift well-known in the theory of guaranteed control.
Innovative q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized aggregation operators based on priority degrees with application to sustainable energy planning: A case study of Gwadar
Authors: Riaz Muhammad ,   Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, Farid Hafiz Muhammad Athar , Shakeel Hafiz Muhammad , Aslam Muhammad , Mohamed Sara Hassan ,   Institute of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Egypt
Published: September 2021

Clean energy potential can be used on a large scale in order to achieve cost competitiveness and market effectiveness. This paper offers sufficient information to choose renewable technology for improving the living conditions of the local community while meeting energy requirements by employing the notion of q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs). In real-world situations, a q-ROFN is exceptionally useful for representing ambiguous/vague data. A multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is proposed in which the parameters have a prioritization relationship and the idea of a priority degree is employed. The aggregation operators (AOs) are formed by awarding non-negative real numbers known as priority degrees among strict priority levels. Consequently, some prioritized operators with q-ROFNs are proposed named as "q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized averaging (q-ROFPAd) operator with priority degrees and q-rung orthopair fuzzy prioritized geometric (q-ROFPGd) operator with priority degrees". The results of the proposed approach are compared with several other related studies. The comparative analysis results indicate that the proposed approach is valid and accurate which provides feasible results. The characteristics of the existing method are often compared to other current methods, emphasizing the superiority of the presented work over currently used operators. Additionally, the effect of priority degrees is analyzed for information fusion and feasible ranking of objects.
Thermal imaging in total knee replacement and its relation with inflammation markers
Authors: Lohchab Viney ,   Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India, Singh Jaspreet , Mahapatra Prasant , Bachhal Vikas , Hooda Aman , Jindal Karan , Dhillon MS ,   CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30 C, Chandigarh 160030, India,   Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab 148106, India,   Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
Published: September 2021

Total knee replacement is an end-stage surgical treatment of osteoarthritis patients to improve their quality of life. The study presents a thermal imaging-based approach to assess the recovery of operated-knees. The study focuses on the potential of thermal imaging for total knee replacement and its relation with clinical inflammatory markers. A total of 20 patients with bilateral knee replacement were included for thermal imaging and serology, where data was acquired on pre-operative day and five post-operative days. To quantify the inflammation, the temperature-based parameters (like mean differential temperature, relative percentage of raised temperature) were evaluated from thermal images, while the clinically proven inflammation markers were obtained from blood samples for clinical validation. Initially, the knee region was segmented by applying the automatic method, subsequently, the mean skin temperature was calculated and investigated for a statistical relevant relationship with inflammatory markers. After surgery, the mean skin temperature was first increased (>2.15 ℃ for different views) then settled to pre-operative level by 90th day. Consequently, the mean differential temperature showed a strong correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r > 0.893) and C-reactive protein (r > 0.955). Also, the visual profile and relative percentage of raised temperature showed promising results in quantifying the temperature changes both qualitatively and quantitatively. This study provides an automatic and non-invasive way of screening the patients for raised levels of skin temperature, which can be a sign of inflammation. Hence, the proposed temperature-based technique can help the clinicians for visual assessment of post-operative recovery of patients.
Asymptotic gain results for attractors of semilinear systems
Authors: Schmid Jochen , Kapustyan Oleksiy , Dashkovskiy Sergey
Published: September 2021

We establish asymptotic gain along with input-to-state practical stability results for disturbed semilinear systems w.r.t. the global attractor of the respective undisturbed system. We apply our results to a large class of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations comprising disturbed Chaffee–Infante equations, for example.
La formule de la chimère
Authors: BARTHOLEYNS Gil , JERIDI Dora
Published: September 2021

Gil Bartholeyns prend pour point de départ la façon dont une norme technocratique, une formule qui opère comme un paramètre, est appliquée sans souci de la forme : le taux de mortalité journalier doit être inférieur à 1 % + 0,06 % multipliés par l’âge d’abattage du troupeau exprimé en jours. Comme l’a souligné Georges Canguilhem1, tout se passe comme si « une société avait “la mortalité qui lui convient” ». La formule est exemplaire du mode opératoire de la classe technocratique qui s’arroge le pouvoir et la capacité de produire des normes pour son propre usage. Bartholeyns pousse à sa limite l’absurdité flagrante de la logique : une utilisation créative de chiffres pour détruire l’objet même de l’attention. Comme avec les armes nucléaires, nous serons plus en sécurité lorsque nous serons tous morts. Protéger par la destruction. Détruire par la protection. Durant la crise sanitaire, médecins, épidémiologistes, biostatisticiens, citoyens-scientifiques, geeks scrutent les données, le taux d’occupation des lits en soins intensifs, le nombre de décès, de cas – l’augmentation et la diminution le lundi ou le vendredi. Les seuils sont fixés, ceux au-delà desquels les classes technocratiques ne peuvent plus accepter la mort. Nous aurons la mortalité que nous méritons. Pour cela, nous devrons être au clair sur la forme de vie que cette mortalité permet. Pour les poulets, cette forme est inférieure à un morceau de papier A4, multiplié par dix ou trente mille. La conséquence : un abattage préventif pour conjurer la grippe aviaire. Calculer, calculer, calculer. Les règles de calcul de la mort pour « le bien-être des poulets ».D’où viennent les normes ? L’arbitraire s’appuie sur une logique qui impose sa grille au réel sans provenir du réel. Illustrée en entassant un poulet (vivant) dans un espace plus petit que le papier utilisé pour faire le calcul, la forme n’est pas simplement la conséquence d’une affirmation technologique, d’une détermination technocratique, mais un choix. Par son intervention graphique, Dora Jeridi fait émerger une issue de secours : l’envol. Il y a toujours une issue, quand bien même le technocrate engoncé dans son costume s’évertue à réduire la réalité à une formule. Les costumes luttent, sautent et tombent, dans et hors de la page. Frénétiques dans leur poursuite. Farce, comédie burlesque d’erreurs, cette scène interroge ce qu’est la tragédie, dont ceci n’est qu’une répétition.Chapô : Emmanuel Grimaud & Anthony Stavrianakis
(Dé)rég(u)ler la forêt
Authors: BOUREL Étienne , HERBELIN Joséphine
Published: September 2021

L’arrêté no 117-PR-MEFEPEPN, artefact de la planification moderne, répond à la double exigence de l’industrialisation et du bien-être environnemental. Cette dernière est manifestement une préoccupation plus récente que la première, un recalibrage tardif du bien-être social et de la volonté de préservation du milieu ; elle intervient sur des normes de production, les types de savoir-faire engagés, les outils de connaissance, entre autres, et recalibre l’exploitation depuis un siècle des forêts gabonaises, mesure que de nouvelles esp ces, de nouvelles méthodes, de nouveaux marchés sont explorés. Une telle intervention passe par des mécanismes juridiques et politiques : des votes sont mis et une loi est votée. Un rêve technocratique, aurait-on pu penser, dans lequel un plan rationalisé de gestion et d’exploitation durable des forêts, l’écologie, le capitalisme, la science et la bureaucratie, sont harmonisés par un discours raisonné. Rêvez ! Étienne Bourel souligne que la loi établit la taille minimale en dessous de laquelle un arbre ne peut être coup – ainsi que les tailles au-dessus desquelles il est considéré comme un monument. Outre ces données, il y a aussi le diamètre régulier de fructification   assurant une exploitation durable, dont on aurait pu penser qu’il faudrait le calculer par rapport au diamètre minimal exploitable, pour chaque arbre. Au lieu de cela, une série d’autres calculs est utilisée, fonctionnant par volume de forêt plutôt que d’exiger l’observation et l’intervention de chacun : Omnes et singulatim, cela n’est pas. Le travail iconographique de Joséphine Herbelin montre comment ces décrets agissent concrètement sur les arbres, les « encadrent » ; il met en évidence la logique et la pathologique du cadre. Dans ces jeux de normes, chaque acteur morcelle la forêt en ne voyant et régulant que ce qui l’intéresse. La mosaïque de morceaux collectés constitue un ensemble étrange et familier, fait de prélèvements et de vides. C’est un jeu d’empreintes, qui laisse une trace, de façon sombre et saisissante, sur plusieurs registres de cette scène : l’arbre singulier, la grille, la coupe, une extraction de tranches, organisés par la main du marché, ou était-ce la main de l’État ?EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
C’est ici le pain qui descend du Siège
Authors: CERF Yann , GREEN Juliette
Published: September 2021

L’humanité dans les temps sombres. L’essai d’Hannah Arendt portant ce nom nous ramène à l’affirmation de Gotthold Ephraim Lessing selon laquelle la compassion est un problème en ce que, contrairement à l’amitié, elle n’est pas sélective. Le caractère égalitaire de la compassion se paye par l’absence de cible. Pour Lessing, c’est dans la sélectivité de l’amitié seule que la « vraie humanité » peut faire ses preuves. Les rapports d’activité d’une banque alimentaire, cette littérature grise d’autocélébration au langage lissé, ont été le point de départ du travail de Yann Cerf et de Juliette Green. Leur collaboration aboutit, par la juxtaposition de vignettes ethnographiques et d’images détournées du rapport d’activité, à mettre en mots et en forme le paradoxe pointé par Lessing. C’est Noël, et les clients magnanimes ont offert des cadeaux pour enfants dans un restaurant social principalement fréquenté par des adultes. Une compassion malavisée, des miettes de la grande table du tabac, de l’essence et de la finance. Dans la deuxième vignette, la contre-figure du théoricien du complot fait son apparition. Tout le monde s’accorde sur l’alimentation biologique, mais pour des raisons différentes : pour l’homme au T-shirt « Stop Covid-1984 », il est important de savoir ce que nous mettons dans notre corps. Le corporatisme, nous le savons, est un élément clé de la tendance fasciste romantique ; le local et le corps, le corps politique comme local, et la politique du corps : pollution, propreté. La troisième vignette met en scène Alex, ancien libertaire puis socialiste, qui s’identifie maintenant à l’UDC, le Parti du peuple, une force politique suisse de droite qui s’est opposée avec succès, entre autres, à l’adhésion à l’UE et à l’immigration. Alex donne un coup de main à la banque alimentaire et reçoit en retour un petit quelque chose. Ses raisons, comme sa politique, touchent de près. On pourrait dire que, par opposition aux conventions technocratiques interchangeables incarnées par les images de Green, au moins Alex sait qui sont ses amis. Nous avons vu l’erreur (manifeste notamment au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis vers 2016-2020 avec le Brexit et le trumpisme) de ne pas prendre au sérieux l’orientation antibureaucratique d’une partie de la population confrontée à une précarisation grandissante de ses conditions de vie.EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
Darwinners du futur
Authors: LEMERLE Sébastien , MOUTAUD Baptiste , HERBELIN Joséphine
Published: September 2021

Que faudrait-il pour que la recherche devienne elle aussi céleste ? Considérée comme un bien commun, une zone de liberté, une des dernières sans doute qui auraient échappé à l’esprit de contrôle, elle subit les mêmes injonctions que bien d’autres domaines, sauf que nous pensions que la liberté de création y demeurait encore protégée… Les modules visant à quantifier toujours plus l’activité s’empilent, la recherche moderne croule sous l’effet des formules (et des formulaires) pour répondre à l’idéal d’une recherche efficace, optimale, libre d’inventer, mais suffisamment contrôlée pour que rien de ce qu’elle produit ne puisse échapper. En chemin, on oublie bien souvent de se mettre à la place des chercheurs et de leur poser la question : de quoi avez-vous besoin pour faire de la recherche vivante ? Dans ce contexte, le dossier d’enquête exhumé du futur par Sébastien Lemerle, Baptiste Moutaud et Joséphine Herbelin depuis le double fond d’une armoire des archives de la gendarmerie du Gard relève de la satire, mais aussi de la science-fiction ou de l’anticipation. Il n’est pas sans rappeler, par ses procédés d’estrangement, Erewhon de Samuel Butler, un classique du genre. Tout est parti d’une formule malheureuse prononcée par Antoine Petit, directeur du CNRS, et interprétée comme une défense du « darwinisme » en matière de recherche. Le professeur de génétique visionnaire Ángelos Charistéas a choisi de prendre la formule à la lettre (tout comme Gil Bartholeyns prend au sérieux la formule des poulets). Sauf que cette fois il s’agit de décrire ce qu’il faudrait pour produire enfin des chercheurs darwiniens, autrement dit des poulets capables d’obéir à leur propre formule et de s’optimiser par eux-mêmes. Prendre au sérieux la formule de Darwin (en matière de recherche) implique ici toute une série d’opérations. Si personne ne se met à la place des chercheurs, les chercheurs n’ont pas d’autre choix que de se mettre à la place des technocrates qui se font les défenseurs du « darwinisme » pour tenter de leur faire comprendre les implications de certains de leurs présupposés. Ici on ne s’en tient pas à organiser la production ou le comportement, on va jusqu’à produire des êtres à part entière, grâce à une formule transgénique (ou transgéniale) qui vise à fabriquer des chercheurs au génie optimisé dès le plus jeune âge. Il s’agit ensuite de pousser la formule jusqu’au bout, car, tout comme la bureaucratie céleste, la transgéniocratie pourrait bien faire rêver certains dirigeants. Quel meilleur moyen alors que la fiction comme thérapie au déficit d’imagination ?Chapô : EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
Fonctionnaires de l’au-delà
Authors: CHENIVESSE Sandrine , VANDERSTRAETEN Chloé
Published: September 2021

Au milieu de la pandémie, des rites ont émergé : les comptages quotidiens, la désignation de seuils, les phases liminaires. Ce premier confinement nous a déçus car, de façon déroutante, le virus n’a pas simplement disparu… Aujourd’hui, c’est le vaccin qui sauvera, bien que, là encore, la déception sera grande à la réalisation qu’un vaccin ne signifie pas la disparition de la menace. Jouez votre carte. Mais n’oubliez pas à quel jeu vous jouez, et ne soyez pas déçus si les règles que vous pensiez suivre s’avèrent être inventées au fur et à mesure. Ce désir de crise – imaginaire catastrophique, pulsion narrative – évoque une crise du désir : comment voulez-vous vivre cet événement ? QAnon, mouvance conspirationniste, est l’exemple même de l’affaiblissement du pouvoir du réel, combiné aux coups écrasants portés à nos fantasmes de toute-puissance. Entre les pôles du « pas encore » et du « plus jamais », l’ethnologue et psychanalyste Sandrine Chenivesse nous guide dans un détour taoïste pour accéder à une autre figuration du rapport à la mort via la figure du « malmort », qui désigne des morts mauvaises, ou plutôt « des maillons flottant hors généalogie », une position frontière, un lieu manquant, qui n’est pas en repos, condamnant les vivants à un « deuil impossible ». Son enquête sur un mouvement messianique taoïste des maîtres célestes, juste avant la chute de l’empire Han, nous propose des clés pour penser autrement la mort en temps trouble. Le millénarisme fournit une demande de réponse dans un contexte de crises – invasion, famines, épidémies –, une purification par le biais d’un ordre céleste, de cieux purs et abyssaux, de fonctionnaires divins et de bureaucrates infernaux. Dans un cadre ordonné de six cieux, ces derniers traitent avec les âmes des morts, peut-être même en distribuant des manuels pour les personnes récemment décédées, remplis de chiffres utiles, d’aspects techniques de la mort, comme une série de scénarios « que faire si ». Les cartes de Chloé Vanderstraeten donnent une nouvelle forme aux anciennes représentations psycho-géographiques taoïstes de cet espace-temps, cadre de cette bureaucratie où sont rendues les décisions concernant les conflits entre vivants et morts, un terrain d’arbitrage au service de l’ordre cosmique et au passage occasionnel des âmes en toute sécurité. Tous les jugements sont définitifs - dès lors qu’ils permettent aux vivants de commencer le travail de deuil.Chapô : EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
50 nuances d’incapacité
Authors: DALLE-NAZÉBI Sophie , GRANIER Anne-Lise , LAPUJADE Alice , VENNETIER Soline , JACOMIN Nelson , POPHILLAT Lucie
Published: September 2021

Pour définir son taux d’incapacité, découpez-le en sections comme suit : intellect et comportement ; psychique ; audition ; langage et parole ; vision ; viscères et corps en général (rein, sang…) ; appareil de locomotion ; esthétique », tel est le mode de traitement bien curieux auquel doivent se soumettre les personnes en situation de handicap pour se voir reconnaître des droits. Pointant certaines aberrations de ces découpages, le groupe d’intervention sociologique Usher-Socio montre ici qu’à aucun moment dans cette chaîne de traitement on ne se met vraiment à la place des personnes ; leur corps est transformé en objet de procédures bureaucratiques. Derrière l’enjeu que constitue la reconnaissance des personnes en situation de handicap, se pose un problème de perception sensible et des conditions de félicité dans lesquelles la (com)préhension des singularités qui sont la règle pourrait s’opérer. Comment peuvent-elles être reconnues par des systèmes de classification prétendant à l’universalité ? Derrière la difficulté à se mettre à la place des personnes ayant des déficiences sensorielles donc des expériences et repères spécifiques, ce sont les capacités sensibles, perceptives de la machine à évaluer et à traiter qui sont ici pointées du doigt comme étant incapables d’une granularité fine. Le graphisme de Lucie Pophillat et Nelson Jacomin questionne cette granularité, la retravaille, rendant les formulaires perméables aux empreintes, aux traces corporelles, aux singularités individuelles qui font remonter à la face de l’administration leurs façons propres d’appréhender le champ visuel, les couleurs, mais aussi tous ces organiques inorganisables, qui n’entrent dans aucun système de classification. Les images se font soudain des porte-voix bien plus sensibles, défiant la logique d’encodage du formulaire. « Je suis un corps inclassable, qui vous échappe. »Chapô : EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
La feuille qui calcule le réel
Authors: LAB RECURSION
Published: September 2021

En août 2020, un comité de scientifiques a entrepris de réformer les acronymes utilisés pour coder les gènes humains. La raison en est aussi simple qu’absconse : certains des acronymes en usage (SEPTI, MARCHI, WARS ou CARS) sont interprétés par le tableur Microsoft Excel comme des dates, et donc corrigés automatiquement par le logiciel, entraînant de nombreuses erreurs dans les publications scientifiques.Comment un tableur inventé dans les années 1980 en Californie est-il aujourd’hui devenu « la feuille qui calcule le réel » ? Comment le plus infime élément de nos vies quotidiennes finit-il immanquablement dans une cellule Glisser-coller du logiciel Microsoft ? Le collectif Recursion Lab aurait pu faire la généalogie d’Excel, montrer cet aplanissement qui exige de l’utilisateur de dénombrer n’importe quel problème pour ranger chaque chose à sa place. Il aurait pu également retracer la filiation de ce produit des sciences de l’ingénieur – qui, fait notable, a connu en cinquante ans d’évolution des modifications principalement cosmétiques – avec le mouvement technocratique américain des années 1930 dont il est en quelque sorte un produit dérivé. L’expérience graphique menée dans les pages qui suivent est l’application algorithmique des chaînes dites « de Markov » (une chaîne de variables statistiques décrivant un processus et permettant d’en prédire un futur probable) à un texte retraçant cette histoire d’Excel : celle de la transformation d’une grille de chiffres verts sur fond noir en une solution universelle se proposant de gérer à peu près tout ce qui vit et survit sur cette planète. Excel ou la formule du réel.Chapô : EMMANUEL GRIMAUD & ANTHONY STAVRIANAKIS
Digital Transformation and the Evolution of the Platform Economy
Authors: Shatkin Maxim
Published: September 2021

This chapter provides an overview of the evolution of the platform economy through the lens of digital transformation and transit from Industry 3.0 (I3.0) to Industry 4.0 (I4.0). The platform economy belongs to both I3.0 and I4.0 and goes through two cycles of digital transformation within them. In I3.0, the starting point of the platform economy is the digitization of social and commercial interactions over user-generated content. The resulting issues of trust and regulation of user interactions find solutions in new business models based on online reputation systems and algorithmic regulation. The specificity of I4.0 is the tendency to platform products, homes, factories, and cities through broad digitization of interactions between humans and things, and things and things. For the platform economy, the new cycle of digital transformation in the context of I4.0 means creating business models based on the ultimate customization of both the production and consumption of product-as-platforms and the rental of digital product models.
Mapping the Collaborative Platform Economy Business Practice
Authors: Sun Shouheng , Yang Dafei , Yan Xue
Published: September 2021

This study aims to develop a typological configuration that characterizes the full spectrum of collaborative platform economy business practice in the real world. The analysis is conducted on the basis of a large-scale data set which contains information on 1,335 representative platforms in more than 60 countries on five continents, covering almost all collaborative platform economy business practices mentioned in academic journals and public media. Leveraging the k-means clustering method, an empirical typology comprising seven categories of collaborative platform economy business practice is proposed: collaborative support platform, resource supply platform, authentic C2C platform, C2C mutualized mobility platform, hybrid service platform, B2C service platforms, collaborative finance platform. In addition, with the help of operating status data of the collaborative platform economy, a cross-comparative analysis was also carried out on the category differences and geographic differences.
Smart Contract and Collaborative Platforms
Authors: Boily Émilie
Published: September 2021

The collaborative economy (CE) involves an intensification of peer-to-peer commerce either directly or through the presence of an intermediary. Collaborative online exchanges are supported by digital processes that involve increased use of new technologies. As an intrinsically connected economy, the EC is therefore inclined to integrate the most recent technological advances, in particular smart contracts. In a recent article, Ertz and Boily raised that this technology can have important impacts for the development of the CE the intensification of exchanges between peers. This chapter consists of a conceptual review analyzing how the CE connects to smart contract technology by observing in particular the motivations of users on digital sharing platforms. The chapter also presents the organizational and managerial implications associated with the implementation of smart contracts in terms of governance, transaction costs, and user trust on collaborative online platforms. A comparison with conventional contracts is also initiated.
Shipment Tracking, Delivery Speed, and Product Presentation as Antecedents of Repurchase Intention
Authors: Tandon Urvashi
Published: September 2021

The chapter aims at understanding the predictors of attitude and repurchase intention with online shopping in India by using signaling theory. This research validates shipment tracking, delivery speed, and product presentation as new predictors influencing attitude towards online purchase. It also validates trust as a mediator between attitude and repurchase intention. Data was collected through a self-administered and structured questionnaire targeting online shoppers in North Indian states. A sample of 519 online shoppers was considered in this research. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to evaluate the interrelationships among constructs. To examine the hypothesized relationships, path analysis was carried out. The findings of the chapter revealed that delivery speed and product presentation had a significant positive impact on attitude towards online shopping. In contrast, shipment tracking emerged as non-significant antecedent of attitude. The study further empirically provides the evidence that trust mediates the relationship between attitude and repurchase intention.
Digitization of Information Sharing to Minimize the Impact of COVID-19 in the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Shashi  , Singh Rajwinder , Centobelli Piera , Cerchione Roberto
Published: September 2021

In this COVID-19 pandemic, the production, distribution, and demand fulfillment of perishable food products emerged as a foremost challenge for the supply chain due to the unavailability of timely and accurate information sharing. This study aims to test the relationships between the different types of information sharing, cost-saving performance, and supply chain relationships. In doing so, a survey study was carried out involving food supply chain practitioners, and proposed research claims were tested using a structural equation modeling approach. The results confirmed the positive impact of day-to-day information and periodic information on cost-saving performance and supply chain relationships. However, the impact of day-to-day information was significantly higher on cost-saving performance and supply chain relationships than the impact of periodic information. The study findings may support supply chain practitioners in understanding the different types of information that need to be shared in networks and their related impact on the overall profitability of the supply chain.
Payment Systems as a Driver for Platform Growth in E-Commerce
Authors: Rehncrona Carin
Published: September 2021

This chapter visits some of the fundamental concepts from platform economics, network effects, and network externalities. Further on, it discusses definitions of two-sided and multi-sided markets, how they are treated as business models. These concepts are further compared to the concept service ecosystem. A case of a payment service provider whose business model contributes to the growth of e-commerce is included. The purpose is to tease out how research on platforms has developed since e-commerce was in its infancy. The fundamental concepts developed in network economics are still valid and have been translated into different fields with a focus on value creation, information, and interaction. How platforms within platforms spur each other's growth is an area that has the potential to reach new insights on the platform economy.
This Thing of Social Media!
Authors: Assensoh-Kodua Akwesi
Published: September 2021

This chapter is about social media and its networking platforms and how they can run or develop a business in the financial sector. As a platform economy, this sector ranges from shadow banks such as mutual funds, leasing companies, brokers, and credit insurance companies to other money market mutual funds. Nevertheless, recent studies in this sector have only focused on the money market, thus creating a vacuum of how social media can run or develop the banking sector through this platform. The social media platform has transformed drastically from being a place for just interaction to buying and selling, forcing many businesses to register on one or two of these media to take advantage of the ever-growing market potentials they offer. However, it also comes with its challenges. This chapter highlights how to manage this medium for a successful business. The study collected data online from bank clients who ever used this platform to transact financial business.
The Paradox of Luxury in Digitalization
Authors: Jaggi Shamily , Singh Gursimranjit , Sheetal
Published: September 2021

Seeing the success of digital platforms and advancement, social media marketing has strengthened the relationship between buyer and seller from a mere commercial transaction to a personal connection. The outcomes of this interaction are meticulous, and like other industries, it has also revolutionised the luxury products industry. It has become pertinent for the luxury brands to participate in the online visibility for customer awareness, customer engagement, customer acquisition, and customer retention. Though certain challenges are there, there is a need to develop strategies to mitigate them for better positioning, building online trust and online value.
Course Model Redesign for Continuity of Instruction
Authors: Sheaffer Elizabeth A. , Boyd Katie , Cropp Cheryl D.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the chapter is to illustrate instructional models that were implemented by Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy to comply with COVID-19 social distancing restrictions. While the second half of Spring 2020 was completely online (statewide shutdown), the university remained open in a hybrid manner for the 2020-21 academic year. There are three sections in the chapter: didactic, interprofessional, and advanced pharmacy practice experiences. The didactic section discusses course delivery methods and active learning, office hours, remote testing, student feedback, and contingency planning. The interprofessional section illustrates some of the school's synchronous and asynchronous interprofessional learning activities before and during the COVID-pandemic, as well as interprofessional education assessment methods. The last section of the chapter discusses how advanced pharmacy practice experience “direct patient care” was redefined, examples of the experiences, and contingency plans that were put into place to ensure on-time graduation for the classes of 2020 and 2021 pharmacy students.
Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Implications for Pharmaceutical Graduate Education and Research
Authors: Bhushan Alok , Garza Kimberly B. , Perumal Omathanu , Das Sudip K. , Feola David J. , Farrell Dorothy , Birnbaum Angela
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in the way we teach at all levels of education globally. This chapter specifically focusses on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on MS and PhD programs in pharmaceutical sciences in schools/colleges of pharmacy in the United States. Potential expectations to bring the pandemic in control by rolling out the vaccine gives us hope, but there is an unmet need of medicines to treat patients affected by the disease. The impact of the pandemic on pharmaceutical sciences education has been on the pedagogy of teaching, research, mentoring, writing, and enrollment. This has also affected the progression of students in their programs as well as their stress levels and well-being. The role of administrators and accreditation agencies is critical in supporting graduate education by providing leadership and directions for the successful outcomes of these programs. Challenges and opportunities for these graduate programs are discussed in this chapter.
Effect of Silica Fume and Synthetic Fibre towards the Compressive Strength of Modified Crumb Rubber Cement Mortar
Authors: Bin Kabit Mohamad Raduan , Syed Sarkawi Syed Syabil Rahmat , Mannan MD Abdul , Adebayo Johnson Olufemi
Published: September 2021

Cracking is very common problem in cement mortar. Many past research has explored the prospect of using crumb rubber (CR) to overcome this issue. Different sizes of CR have been tested to measure its effect on the pore structure and mechanical strengths of cement mortar. Hence, this study has further modified the crumb rubber mortar mix by adding silica fume and synthetic fiber to improve its mechanical properties. The experimental results suggested that the optimum silica fume replacement of cement content was 5%. Hence, for the subsequent experiment with a fixed 5%silica fume replacement, the highest compressive strength of 26 MPa was achieved with 5% crumb rubber replacement. Finally, additional 0.1% of synthetic fiber added the modified crumb rubber mix to reduce the mix brittleness has produced a desirable compressive strength close to the control specimen which was significantly higher than the minimum threshold required by the standard. However, the water content ratio for the modified mortar mix should be further investigated as the present modified crumb rubber mix has lower workability. It is envisaged that the modified crumb rubber mortar mix has a sound potential to mitigate shrinkage cracking in cement mortar.
Effect of Different Mediators on Bio-Energy Generation and Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment in an Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell-Adsorption System
Authors: Tan Ivy Ai Wei , Selvanathan J.R. , Abdullah M.O. , Abdul Wahab N. , Kanakaraju D.
Published: September 2021

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) discharged without treatment into watercourses can pollute the water source. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has gained high attention as a green technology of converting organic wastewater into bio-energy. As an approach to overcome the limitations of the existing POME treatment methods, air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system is introduced as an innovative technology to treat POME and generate bio-electricity simultaneously. However, the use of conventional MFC with proton exchange membrane in large scale applications is restricted by the high cost and low power generation. Addition of mediator in MFC is essential in order to increase the electron transfer efficiency, hence enhancing the system performance. This study therefore aims to investigate the effect of different type of mediators i.e. congo red (CR), crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) on the performance of an affordable air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system made from earthen pot with POME as the substrate. The addition of different mediators altered the pH of the MFC-Adsorption system, in which more alkaline system showed better performance. The voltage generated in the system with CR, CV and MB mediator was 120.58 mV, 168.63 mV and 189.25 mV whereas the current generated was 2.41 mA, 3.37 mA and 3.79 mA, respectively. The power density of 290.79 mW/m3, 568.72 mW/m3 and 716.31 mW/m3 was produced in the MFC-Adsorption system with CR, CV and MB mediator, respectively. The highest POME treatment efficiency was achieved in MFC-Adsorption system with MB mediator, which resulted in biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, turbidity and ammoniacal nitrogen removal of 75.3%, 84.8%, 91.5%, 86.1% and 23.31%, respectively. Overall, the air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system with addition of MB mediator was feasible for POME treatment and simultaneous bio-energy generation.