bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inion Bony Solitary Plasmocytoma: A Case Report
Authors:   Sir. H. N Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Agrawal Vivek , Dholakia Kunal M.Ch ,   Sir. H. N Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: March 2021

ackground and Importance: Plasma Cell Dyscrasias (PCD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases having a spectrum from multiple myeloma to solitary plasmacytoma, a rare subtype, which constitutes 2 to 5% of all PCD. It typically involves axial bones but the involvement of skull bone is very rare. Case Presentation: We are reporting a case of inion bony lesion with venous sinus infiltration in a 55-year-old male patient, presented with pain, imbalance in walking, and swelling in the occipital region. Brain MRI suggested an extra-axial lesion with skull involvement and venous sinus infiltration. The tumor was infiltrating into the sinus with patent torcular venous confluence. Tumor decompression followed by radiosurgery of residual lesion was considered in pre-operative surgical planning. It was diagnosed as a case of myeloma cell disease on histopathology. Postoperative myeloma work-up confirmed the absence of any systemic involvement. The patient was given a course of radiotherapy. Conclusion: One-year follow-up with repeated MRI and myeloma investigations in the 3rd month, 6th months, and 1 year did not show any finding suggestive of progression to multiple myeloma. The follow-up of brain MRI showed a complete resolution of the residual tumor.
Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of craniopharyngioma
Authors: Amany Esmaralda Nurul
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Endoscopic surgery techniques had been advancing in this last two decades. Transsphenoidal approach endoscopic surgery to the skull base provides better visualization of the operation field compared to microscopic surgery, and also brought lower morbidity than other techniques. Purpose: To report a transsphenoidal endoscopic skull base surgery for craniopharyngioma resection. Case Report: A case of craniopharyngioma in a 47-year-old man. The tumor resection was performed with transsphenoidal endoscopic approach, in collaboration with a neurosurgeon. Clinical Question: Is transsphenoidal endoscopic skull base surgery approach, the appropriate surgical procedure for craniopharyngioma management? Review Method: Evidence based literature study of skull base surgery with transsphenoidal endoscopic approach in craniopharyngioma through database Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, and hand searching. Result: Skull base surgery with transsphenoidal endoscopic approach was minimally invasive with maximally invasion compared to transcranial surgery, and  also provided better view, and could reduce complication rate. Conclusion: Skull base surgery with transsphenoidal endoscopic approach offers more advantage in skull base lesion management compared to other techniques. Collaboration between neurosurgeon and otorhinolaryngologist using this technique could reduce complication and morbidity rate.  ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Teknik operasi endoskopi mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam dua dekade terakhir. Bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid memberikan kualitas visualisasi lapang pandang operasi lebih baik dibanding menggunakan mikroskop, dan juga mengakibatkan morbiditas lebih rendah dibanding teknik lainnya. Tujuan: Melaporkan keberhasilan bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid pada kraniofaringioma. Laporan kasus: Seorang laki-laki 47 tahun dengan diagnosis kraniofaringioma yang dilakukan tindakan reseksi tumor dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid berkolaborasi dengan ahli bedah saraf. Pertanyaan Klinis: Apakah bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid merupakan teknik operasi yang tepat untuk tatalaksana kraniofaringioma? Telaah literatur: Telaah literatur berbasis bukti mengenai bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid pada kraniofaringioma melalui database Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, dan pencarian manual. Hasil: Bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid memberikan akses minimal dengan invasi maksimal, visualisasi lebih baik, dan dapat menurunkan angka komplikasi. Kesimpulan: Bedah basis kranii dengan pendekatan endoskopi transfenoid merupakan teknik operasi lesi basis kranii yang lebih unggul dibandingkan teknik lainnya. Kolaborasi antara ahli bedah saraf dan THT dapat mengurangi angka komplikasi dan morbiditas tindakan ini.
Pathophysiology and management of gustatory rhinitis
Authors: Adhina Putri Shally , Irawati Nina
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Gustatory rhinitis is a syndrome that causes symptoms of annoying rhinorrhea, occurring immediately after consuming solid or liquid foods which are hot and /or spicy. Usually starts within a few minutes after the ingestion of the foods involved, and is not associated with itching, sneezing, nasal congestion or facial pain. Purpose: To discuss the pathophysiology and proper management of gustatory rhinitis. Literature Review: Recent studies suggest that gustatory rhinitis is likely associated with phenomenon of neurogenic inflammation. The ingestion of spicy foods  caused  the  stimulation of trigeminal sensory nerve endings located in the upper part of the aerodigestive track. Sensory   nerve stimulation seems to be correlated with an activation of post ganglionic cholinergic muscarinic parasympathetic fibers and sensitive to atropine. Conclusion: The initial management of gustatory rhinitis is avoiding the trigger foods. Using combination of topical steroid and anticholinergic intranasal had been proven more effective to treat the rhinorrhea caused by gustatory rhinitis than administration of single drug. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Rinitis gustatori adalah sindroma yang menimbulkan gejala rinore yang mengganggu, sesaat setelah mengonsumsi makanan padat atau cair, yang bersifat pedas dan/atau berempah. Biasanya dimulai dalam beberapa menit setelah menelan makanan tersebut, dan tidak disertai dengan gatal, bersin, hidung tersumbat atau nyeri wajah. Tujuan: Untuk membahas patofisiologi dan tatalaksana yang tepat pada rinitis gustatori. Tinjauan Pustaka: Sejumlah studi terbaru mendapatkan rinitis gustatori berkaitan dengan fenomena inflamasi neurogenik. Proses menelan makanan pedas dapat menyebabkan stimulasi ujung saraf sensorik trigeminal yang terletak di jalur aerodigestif bagian atas. Stimulasi saraf sensorik tersebut berkaitan dengan pengaktifan serabut saraf parasimpatik muskarinik kolinergik post ganglion yang sensitif terhadap atropin. Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana awal yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi rinitis gustatori adalah menghindari makanan pemicu. Kombinasi penggunaan antikolinergik intranasal dan steroid topikal, secara profilaksis atau sebagai terapi telah terbukti lebih efektif untuk mengatasi rinore akibat rinitis gustatori dibandingkan pemberian masing- masing obat tersendiri.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KOMUNIKASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA ASN (STUDI KASUS DI 4 KECAMATAN) KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Rabeta Yulpa
Published: March 2021

The lack of leader strategy in communicating well to ASN, the lack of leadership attitude in giving attention and motivating ASN work and the lack of work communication among fellow employees resulted in less than optimal ASN performance. This research was conducted to determine the Effect of Leadership and Work Communication on ASN Performance (Case Studies in 4 Sub-Districts) of Lubuklinggau City. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire method. Using SPSS 17.0 Program assistance. Data analysis techniques used are Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Determination Coefficient (R2), and Test F. From the results of the Multiple Regression Analysis obtained the equation Ŷ = 0.448 + 0.617 X1 + 0.379 X2. Furthermore, from the determinant analysis obtained R square value (R2) of 0.867 or 86.7%. This value gives the meaning that Leadership (X1) and Work Communication (X2) contributed an influence of 86.7% on ASN (Y) Performance. While the remaining 13.3% is influenced by other variables not included in this study. Based on the Anova calculation (F test), it is seen that the Fcount value is 169,645 with a significant level of 0,000 while Ftable with α = 5% and (nk-1) or (55-2-1) = 52. And the numerator (k-2 ) is 3,175. Fcount (169,645) > Ftable (3,175), meaning Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows that there is a significant influence between Leadership and Work Communication on ASN Performance.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, MOTIVASI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI DINAS PERDAGANGAN DAN PERINDUSTRIAN KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Nuraini Betti , Lestari Sri Ayu
Published: March 2021

The method used is a questionnaire method of four variable items, namely Competency, Motivation, Organizational Culture and Employee Performance. The number of samples was 63 respondents. Data analysis used is descriptive quantitative by using SPSS application. The first hypothesis test results,is the Competency variable (X1) has a partially significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) in the Lubuklinggau City Department of Trade and Industry. The second hypothesis test results is, the Motivation variable (X2) has a partially significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) in the Lubuklinggau City Trade and Industry Office. The third hypothesis test results is, the variable Organizational Culture (X3) has a partially significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) in the Lubuklinggau City Trade and Industry Office. The fourth hypothesis test results is show that, the independent variable Competence and Motivation has a significant simultaneous effect on the dependent variable Employee Performance in the Lubuklinggau City Trade and Industry Office. The fifth hypothesis test results is show that, the independent variable Competency and Organizational Culture has a significant influence simultaneously on the dependent variable Employee Performance in the Lubuklinggau City Trade and Industry Office. The sixth hypothesis test results show that, the independent variable of Motivation and Organizational Culture has a significant influence simultaneously on the dependent variable Employee Performance in the Trade and Industry Office of Lubuklinggau City. The results of the seventh hypothesis test variables show that, the independent variables Competency, Motivation, and Organizational Culture have a significant influence simultaneously on the dependent variable Employee Performance in the Lubuklinggau City Trade and Industry Office.
ANALISIS AKUNTANSI PENDAPATAN KONTRAK KONTRAK BERDASARKAN PSAK NO.34 PADA PT. SAMUDRA JAYA LESTARI
Authors: Mia Neneng Arum , Sardiyo Sardiyo , Triharyati Eri
Published: March 2021

The purpuse of this study is to determine the recognition of income applied by PT.Samudra Jaya lestari whether it is in accordance with PSAK No.34 ( Revision 2015). Revenue is one of the important elements in information of the elemenst related to the size of the profit earned by company.The method used in this research is in the form of financial statements and work contract letters of PT.Samudra Jaya Lestari and other data in form of literature,articles, journals and websites on the internet.The result of research conducted, namely PT.Samudra Jaya Lestari in applying the income recognition method are not in accordance with the financial statement accounting standards, namely PSAK No.34 regarding constructionservices because PT.Samudra Jaya Lestari has not been consistent in using the income recognition method every year, which should be used in accordance with the provisions that have been applied in PSAK No.34 concerning construction servive revenue.
MASCULINIZATION OF NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) USING JAVA LONG PEPPER (Piper retrofractum) EXTRACT THROUGH LARVAL IMMERSION
Authors: Rohmaniah Hafizhotur , Syaputra Denny , Syarif Ahmad Fahrul
Published: March 2021

The aimed of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of java long pepper extract in the increasing of the percentage of males nile tilapia. The design of experiment was completely randomized design with 5 treatments i.e : A (negative control), B (1,99 mg L-1), C (3,99 mg L-1), D (5,99 mg L-1) and positive control (20 mg L-1 17α-metiltestosteron) with three replicates per level of treatment. Immersion of 10-day-old larvae for 24 hours with 50 larvae in 10 L medium of treatments and cultivated for 60 days and identification of gender using the acetocarmin method. The results showed that java long pepper extract was effective to increase the percentage of males with dose of 1,99 mg L-1 (81,78±6,81%), 3,99 mg L-1 (79,00±2,99%) and 5,99 mg L-1 (87,42±4,85%) while the negative control 39,23±7,74%. Java long pepper extract dose of 5,99 mg L-1 were not significantly different with the treatment of 17α-metiltestosteron i.e : 91,71±3,93%. Percentage of survival rate 47.33±3.06% to 53.33±8.08%, specific growth rate 3,14±0,15% to 3,40±0,08%, absolute weight growth 1.97±0.59 g to 3.07±0.38 g and absolute length growth of 3.73±0.55 cm to 3.95±0.16 cm. Java long pepper extract gives a significant effects to the spesific growth  rate and absolute weight growth. Treatment A, B, C, D and E had no effect on survival rate and the absolute length growth of nile tilapia during 60 days cultivation period.
A longitudinal Perspective on Efficiency of Airlines in Europe and the U.S
Authors: Nguyen Thi Minh-Anh
Published: March 2021

The aviation industries in Europe and the US have been well-established since a very early age and have attracted great attention from both industry practitioners and academics. To derive a different perspective on the efficiency levels of airlines operating in the two matured markets, we adopted dynamic data envelopment analysis (DEA). Using the data of the period 2014 – 2016 of 7 European airlines and 9 US airlines that are publicly traded, the study offers an overall picture of airlines' efficiency in the two regions. Notably, the resource flow between the consecutive periods is incorporated into the measure to yield a longitudinal perspective on airlines' efficiency. The study reveals the two major findings. First, most publicly traded airlines in Europe and the US are efficient, except for Hawaiian airline headquartered in the US. Second, Hawaiian airline's inefficiency is majorly contributed by the overuse of the number of employees, consumed fuel, and the deficit of revenue seat-miles in 2014 and 2015. To improve the efficiency level, Hawaiian airlines could consider increasing employee productivity, using more fuel-efficient aircraft, and implementing new marketing strategies to boost sales.
Operational lifetime increase of the pumping equipment when pumping-out contaminated groundwater
Authors: Biloshytskyi Mykola , Tatarchenko Halyna , Biloshytska Nataliia , Uvarov Pavlo
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Solving the problem of increasing the pumping equipment operational lifetime when pumping-out contaminated groundwater in the iron-ore industry by extracting the hard, abrasive part, using magnetic filters based on permanent ferrite magnets. Methods. To produce spherical hard-magnetic ferrite elements that catch finely-dispersed magnetic and weakly-magnetic abrasive particles when pumping-out contaminated groundwater in the iron-ore industry, barium ferrite powder BaО∙6Fe2O3 is applied, which is usually used for obtaining hard-magnetic ferrites. Spherical elements for filling a magnetic filtering installation are obtained by the method of spheroidizing the barium ferrite powder in a dragee machine. Sintering of spherical granules obtained from barium ferrite powder is conducted in a high-temperature atmospheric electric box furnace. The sintered spherical elements made of hard-magnetic barium ferrite are magnetized using a magnetic pulsed toroidal-shaped setup in a pulsed constant magnetic field. Findings. For continuous pumping-out and purification of contaminated groundwater from magnetic, weakly-magnetic and non-magnetic highly abrasive particles with the help of magnetic filters, a scheme of a filtering installation of two sections is pro-posed. A technology for producing spherical permanent magnets from barium ferrite powder has been developed for a filtering installation, which includes a coarse purification column with hollow-spherical permanent magnets of 16-17 mm in diameter and a fine purification column with full-bodied spherical barium ferrite magnets of 6-7 mm in diameter. Originality.The term of pumping equipment operation is doubled if to eliminate abrasive wear due to the filtering two-section installation by filling with barium ferrite spherical magnets. In the case of changing the filter, idle time is reduced by using the supplementary auxiliary column. The possibility of processing filtration products and their use in the field of construction and metallurgy without environmental pollution is substantiated. Practical implications. The scheme of magnetic groundwater purification in the iron-ore industry is proposed, consisting of a filtering column of coarse and fine purification from abrasive particles. A technology for producing spherical magnets with different diameters has been developed to ensure the quality of the process. The research results allow to increase the operational lifetime of pumping equipment by eliminating abrasive wear, which will lead to significant savings in the replacement and repair of centrifugal pumps. Keywords: pumping equipment, groundwater, wear, barium ferrite, spherical magnet, filter, iron-ore industry
Teacher-student interactions and academic performance of students
Authors: Pervin Mst Maleka , Ferdowsh Nafiza , Munni Israt Jahan
Published: March 2021

The main goal of this study was to investigate the influence of teacherstudent interaction on academic performance of the students. Hundred participants (50 teachers and 50 students) were selected through purposive sampling technique to conduct this research. Teacher and student feedback were measured by using the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) as well as students’ academic performance was calculated by using last year grade point average (GPA) of each student. Pearson product moment correlation was used which indicated a positive significant correlation (r = 0.70, p < 0.05) between teacher-student interaction and academic performance of the students. The findings indicated the importance of teacher-student relationships to attain academic success of the students. The results suggest providing appropriate academic resources and aids for the teachers to meet the individual needs of their students.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(1): 87-93, 2021 (January)
Use of organic fertilizer improves growth and yield of Triticum aestivum irrigated with textile wastewater
Authors: Zafar Saima , Wahid Abdul
Published: March 2021

Water scarcity is one of those issues. Reuse of wastewater from textile industries is a very common strategy to cope with water scarcity. Continuous use of effluent water for agricultural purposes results in negative impacts on physicochemical properties of soil and plant. Organic fertilizers are considered beneficial for soil and crop quality. To exploit the strategies to use this effluent water safely for crop production a pot experiment was conducted with different combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers viz. T1= Control (tap water + Recommended dose of NPK (130, 95 and 65 kg ha-1), T2=Wastewater + Recommended dose of NPK, T3=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (200 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer, T4=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (400 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer, T5 =Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (600 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer and T6=Wastewater + Organic fertilizer (800 kg ha-1) + Remaining NPK from inorganic fertilizer. It was observed that integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer (800 kg ha-1 organic and remaining of recommended dose from inorganic fertilizer + effluent water) enhanced the growth and yield of wheat crop. In a study found that the use of organic fertilizer could help mitigate the negative impact of textile effluent water on wheat growth.
Foliage applied zinc improves growth, yield and oil contents of sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annus L.)
Authors: Hussain Shabir , Ali Hakoomat , Ehmer Muhammad , Ahmad Waqas
Published: March 2021

The research was conducted at Research Area of Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, during the spring season, 2016. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of foliage applied zinc on growth, yield and oil contents of hybrid sunflower. Experimental treatments comprise of two sunflower hybrids viz. H1= Hysun-33 and H2= S-278 and three zinc levels viz. T1= Control (no application), T2=1% ZnSO4 and T3 = 2% ZnSO4. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement and repeated thrice. Data regarding growth, yield and oil contents were collected by using standard procedures. Results revealed that sunflower hybrid Hysun-33 gained maximum plant height (210.67cm), stem diameter (2.427), head diameter (15.533) achene number (852), achene yield (189.19 t ha-1), leaf area (789.56cm2) and oil contents (40.423%) followed by sunflower hybrid S-278. Zinc application significantly improved the yield and oil contents. In this regard, maximum plant height (194.67 cm), stem diameter (2.718cm), head diameter (14.633 cm), achene number (842.17), achene yield (194.56 t ha-1), leaf area (782.5cm2) and oil contents (40.12%) from 2% foliar application of zinc followed by 1% foliar application of zinc. Whereas, minimum plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, achene number, achene yield, leaf area and oil contents were recorded from control where no zinc was applied. Interaction of sunflower hybrids with zinc was also significant. In this contest, maximum plant height (231.67cm), stem diameter (2.917cm), head diameter (15.7cm), achene number (925.0), achene yield (205.89 t ha-1), leaf area (801.33cm2) and oil contents (41.65%) were recorded from sunflower hybrid Hysun-33 with 2% application of zinc followed by sunflower hybrid S-278 with 1% zinc foliar application. In Conclusion, sunflower hybrid along with the 2% foliar application of zinc is the most suitable combination to achieve higher yield and oil contents.
Comparison of Preemptive Analgesic Effects of Intravenous Ketorolac and Oral Pregabalin in Patients Undergoing Mandibular Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Yazdani Javad , Nezafati Saeed , Mortazavi Ali , Farhadi Farrokh , Ghanizadeh Milad
Published: March 2021

Background: Preemptive analgesia is one of the techniques to manage postoperative pain, which increases patient satisfaction and decreases the duration of hospitalization. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the pain relief achieved by preoperative intravenous ketorolac and oral pregabalin in patients undergoing surgery for mandibular fractures. Methods: In the present clinical trial, 60 patients with unilateral fractures of the mandible were randomly assigned to two groups. In group A, intravenous injections of ketorolac 30 mg and in group B, pregabalin 150 mg capsules were administrated one hour preoperatively. The severity of pain was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS) up to 24 hours postoperatively. Finally, the total doses of an opioid analgesic (pethidine) prescribed for each patient in mg during the first 24 hours and the time for the request of the first analgesic dose in minutes were recorded for each patient. Then, their means were compared between the two groups. Results: Maximum pain severity was experienced immediately after surgery, which decreased gradually during the 24-hour postoperative period (P < 0.0001). The mean severity of pain immediately after regaining consciousness and the mean pain score during the 24-hour postoperative period were lower in the pregabalin group than in the ketorolac group (P < 0.0001). In the ketorolac group, a slightly higher dose of the opioid was administered; however, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The oral administration of pregabalin 150 mg one hour preoperatively was more effective than the intravenous administration of ketorolac 30 mg in relieving postoperative pain.
Prevalence of C-Shaped Canals in Anterior and Posterior Teeth of Iranian Population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Ostevar Rad Farzaneh , Mousavi Elnaz , Musapoor Naghmeh , Maleki Dina , Khatibi Nikoo
Published: March 2021

Background: Lack of knowledge of root anatomy is the second most common reason for failed endodontic therapy. Therefore, acquiring knowledge about it leads to a more effective treatment. C-shaped canal is an anatomical variation that causes clinical challenges. The objective of this study is to determine the occurrence of the C-shaped roots in permanent anterior and posterior teeth of the Iranian population using CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) scans. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, 1408 teeth were assessed. Cranex 3D Mid was used to prepare CBCT images. Each tooth was examined in axial sections, and five different levels were identified as coronal, medium, apical, 1/3, and 2/3. The canal shapes were classified into 5 categories based on modified Melton’s method. Data were analysed using the chi-square test at a significance level of 5%in SPSS version 24.0. Results: In total, of 1408 teeth which were evaluated, 7.81% (110) were confirmed to have C-shaped canals. The occurrence of the C-shaped canal was significantly higher in molars (P < 0.001). The occurrence of the C-shaped canal was significantly higher in mandibular teeth (10.04%) compared to maxillary teeth (5.81%) (P < 0.001). The most common C-shaped canal category was C1 (57.27%). The relationship of gender and age with the C-shaped canal occurrence was not statistically significant (P = 0.585, P = 0.562, respectively). Conclusions: CBCT is a useful tool to evaluate C-shaped root canal morphology. The high occurrence of the C-shaped canal in the Iranian population requires clinical awareness.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Concha Bullosa in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Shams Nasim , Shams Bahareh , Sajadi Zahra
Published: March 2021

Background: The ostiomeatal complex (OMC) is not a separate anatomical structure although it is a functional unit of structures, including the middle meatus, uncinate process, infundibulum, maxillary sinus ostium, ethmoidal bulla, anterior ethmoid sinus ostium, and frontal recess. Concha bullosa is the pneumatization of the concha, which is one of the most common anatomical variations in the middle turbinate. Methods: This study was conducted using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 172 patients in the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry School, Ahvaz Jundishapur. Patient information including age and gender, presence or absence of concha bullosa, the involved side (left or right), and its type (i.e., extensive, lamellar, and bulbous) were collected in the information form. Finally, the chi-square test (with SPSS, version 22) was used to analyze the data, and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients with and without concha bullosa were 39.1 and 41.7 years, respectively, but it was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321). Out of 52 patients with concha bullosa, 19 (36.5%) cases were males and 33 (63.5%) of them were females. The prevalence of concha bullosa was higher for the bilateral side (20 patients, 38.5%, P = 0.000). The prevalence of bulbulsand lamellar-shape was nearly the same (32.7% and 30.8%, respectively). Eventually, the extensive shape with 36.5% was more frequent for the shape of concha bullosa (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of concha bullosa was high. There was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321) and gender (P = 0.058) of patients with concha bullosa. The extensive type and the bilateral appearance of concha bullosa were more significant (P = 0.000).
Effect of Local Dexamethasone on Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Extraction of Impacted Mesioangular Third Molar
Authors: Khosraviani Farshad , Seyedjavadi Limoodi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Ehsani Sara , Khosravi Mojgan
Published: March 2021

Background: Pain and inflammation are common problems after the third molar surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ibuprofen and intra-muscular injection or the intra-socket placement of dexamethasone on pain, swelling, and trismus after the extraction of impacted third molar. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial study, 72 eligible patients were randomly divided into four groups of 18 subjects. The groups received dexamethasone powder (4 mg) inside the alveolar socket immediately before flap suturing, injection in the masseter muscle (4 mg/1 mL) immediately after the suture, the ibuprofen tablet from an hour before the surgery (400 mg every 6 hours for 1 day), and placebo. Three parameters of pain severity, swelling, and trismus were evaluated on the second and seventh days after the surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17. Qualitative and quantitative data were expressed as a percentage and mean ± standard deviation, respectively. Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and, if necessary, the least significant difference tests were used for inter-group comparison. The findings were significant at P<0.05 Results: Dexamethasone groups had significantly lower pain severity (second and seventh days), swelling (second day), and maximum mouth opening (MMO, alveolar socket: second and seventh days, masseter: second day) in comparison to the other groups (P<0.05). The ibuprofen group had significantly lower levels of pain (second and 7th days) and swelling (second day) in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between dexamethasone groups in any measurement for pain, swelling, and MMO. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the intra-oral administration of dexamethasone may have a better effect on pain, swelling, and trismus compared to ibuprofen and has no placebo effect.
Prevalence and Anatomic Characteristics of Accessory Mental Foramen Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Views in an Iranian Population
Authors: Noruzi Marouf , Mostafavi Maryam , Ghaznavi Aysan , Abdollahi Amir Ardalan
Published: March 2021

Background: Determining the incidence and anatomic features of accessory mental foramen (AMF) in the Iranian population is of vital importance. This study investigated the prevalence and anatomic characteristics of AMF using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a selected Iranian population. Methods: A total of 853 CBCT images from 440 women and 413 men were examined in this cross-sectional retrospective study. The images were evaluated by two independent observers using reconstructed 3-dimensional, cross-sectional, and panoramic views. Several parameters were assessed, including the location of AMF relative to mental foramen (MF), size and the point of canal bifurcations, and the distance between the main and accessory canals. Finally, statistical differences in the AMF prevalence in terms of gender and direction and its location were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney U test (P<0.05). Results: The prevalence of AMF was 10.55%, which was more frequently located in the posterior inferior area relative to the main MF, and its nerve was more frequently originated from the anterior loop (P=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in gender (P=0.26) and direction (P=0.4). The mean distance of AMF was 7.62 mm. The mean height of MF and the AMF vertical height were 13.65 mm and 52.12 mm in those with AMF on one side, respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The sizes of the MF and AMF were 3.2 mm (large diameter), 2.3 mm (small diameter), and 1.4 mm (large diameter), and 1.1 mm (small diameter), respectively. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, the prevalence of AMF according to hemi-mandibular was 5.80% in the selected Iranian population. Thus, AMF might branch from any section of the inferior alveolar nerve and the mandibular canal.
Comparison of Antioxidant and Antiacetylcholinesterase Activities of Different Extracts of Tunisia Maclura pomifera (Rafin.) Schneid Fruit In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Mendili Moahamed , Smach Mohamed Ali , Husein Nedaa , Khadhri Ayda
Published: March 2021

Background: Maclura pomifera a member of Moraceae family, is a tropical plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds, antioxidants, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of different extracts of Tunisia M. pomifera (Rafin.) Schneid fruit in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Organic extracts in different polarities (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and acetone) were extracted from different parts of the fruit of M. pomifera (exocarp, mesocarp, and pips). Phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and anti-AChE activity were determined. The anti-amnesic effects of ethyl acetate extract of the exocarp of M. pomifera were measured in galactose-induced memory deficit mice by the Y maze. The levels of biomarkers and AChE activity were determined in brain tissues. Results: The obtained results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of exocarp contains the highest content of flavonoids and polyphenols 22.3mg quercetin equivalents per g of dry weight and 718.6 mg gallic acid equivalents per g of dry weight. The evaluation of antioxidant activities highlighted that the ethyl acetate extract of exocarp was the most active element. The study of the AChE inhibitory power demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract of the exocarp had the greatest inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate extract from the exocarp ameliorated cognitive performance and reversed the oxidative damage as compared to galactose group. Conclusion: M. pomifera fruit is a good source of natural antioxidants, which might help prevent oxidative stress-related damage and memory impairment in such mental disorders as Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Evaluation of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Gene Polymorphism and its Plasma Concentration in Kurdish Patients With Breast Cancer in Sanandaj, Iran
Authors: Moloudinia Roya , Mahmoodi Gelavij , Abdi Mohammad , Amini Sabrieh , Ferdowsi Shirin
Published: March 2021

Background: Several studies have indicated that polymorphism in vitamin D pathway genes is associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) is a vital element in the metabolism of the vitamin D. VDBP carries the serum 25(OH) D3 to cells to promote vitamin D biological functions, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. Missense SNP (rs.7041) is a common polymorphism in VDBP gene, which shows ethnic-specific allele frequencies. Objectives: This study presents the correlation of the rs7041 (Asp432Glu) gene polymorphism and plasma concentrations of VDBP in Kurdish patients with BC in Sanandaj, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 44 premenopausal BC patients and 44 healthy subjects. Plasma VDBP concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The VDBP (rs7041) was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: VDBP level was associated with a non-significant risk of BC (P=0.397). Frequencies of individuals with VDBP (rs7041) TT, TG, and GG genotypes were 13.6%, 52.2%, and 34.09% in case group and 11.3%, 79.5%, and 9.9% in control group, respectively. Genotype GG associated with increased susceptibility to developing BC (odds ratio [OR]=5.172, CI: 1.555-17.2, P=0.007). There was a significant reverse correlation between GT genotype and BC (OR=0.282, 95% CI: 0.110-0.722, P=0.008) Conclusion: The changes in the vitamin D pathway may increase susceptibility to develop BC in the Iranian Kurdish population.
Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Haplophyllum Obtusifolium
Authors: Rezaei Mohammad Reza , Es-haghi Ali , Yaghmaei Parichehreh , Ghobeh Maryam
Published: March 2021

Background: Plants comprise great antioxidant sources as a result of their redox and biochemical components, which are rich in secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other constituents. Haplophyllum obtusifolium from polygonaceae is widely used for preventing and managing diabetes. This study investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by H. obtusifolium. Methods: The aerial parts of H. obtusifolium were gathered from the north of Khorasan Razavi province, Iran and desiccated at the chamber temperature. The shoots were powdered by grinding, 5 g of the powder was mixed with 250 mL of deionized water, and the resultant blend was then filtered. Bactericidal properties and antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles were assessed using disk diffusion and DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) tests, respectively. Results: The results of this study showed that the biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against a gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacterium, but they had no effects on gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antioxidant test results showed that these nanoparticles were capable of eliminating DPPH radicals in a concentration-dependent manner so that a more potent antioxidant activity was seen in higher concentrations of the nanoparticles. Conclusion: Our results suggested that H. obtusifolium can be used as a key source of antioxidants/ antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Designing and Launching Coronavirus Disease 19 Electronic Registry in Shiraz, Iran: A Brief Report
Authors: Akbari Ali , Moghadami Mohsen , Ghasemi Younes , Sharifi Mehrdad , Hemmati Abdolrasoul , Keshavarzi Abdolkhalegh , Javanmardi Fatemeh , Emami Amir
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created a global concern for public health. Having sufficient data is the first step to understand the behavior of contagious diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Although various studies have assessed COVID-19 features, there are many limitations about patients’ characteristics, complications, and outcomes in different countries including Iran. The present study reported launching an electronic database for COVID-19 patients in Fars province, Iran. Method: A comprehensive web-based multicenter registry was designed and launched by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in order to collect all information about COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Fars province, Iran. Results: In this registry, patients’ demographic characteristics, chest computed tomography scan findings, laboratory tests, complications during hospitalization, treatments, and disease course in Intensive Care units are recorded on a web-based electronic database. The virtual statues of the patient’s family are evaluated by telephone calls, and the proceeding will be implemented for quarantine and hospitalization if required. Conclusion: The registry is hoped to help all scientists to understand the current challenges and be prepared for possible future waves of the epidemic. Finally, this registry is a resource for all researchers who are interested in coronavirus and plays an important role in supporting the scientific community on the frontlines of combating the virus.
Homo Sapiens (Human) microRNA 187 Expression Is Dysregulated in Testis of Non-obstructive Azoospermic Men
Authors: Piryaei Fahimeh , Mozdarani Hossein , Sadighi Gilani Mohammad Ali , Ebrahimi Mansour
Published: March 2021

Introduction: MiRNA expression alterations are closely related to growth, proliferation, and cell development. In addition, miR-187 has been found to regulate cellular proliferation. Further, spermatogenesis is a highly complicated process which is regulated through several genes targeted by miRNAs. However, no study has completely addressed the etiology of spermatogenic impairments. Accordingly, the present study examined the expression pattern of Homo sapiens (human) microRNA (hsa-mir-187) in the testicular biopsies of infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) subtype in comparison with those with obstructive azoospermia (OA). Methods: Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to assess the expression level of hsa-mir-187 using the ΔΔCt method. Results: Our data indicated that hsa-mir-187 was significantly up-regulated in the testis of the SCOS group (P˂ 0.05) in comparison with the OA group. Conclusion: In general, the findings suggest that the differential expression of hsa-mir-187 is linked with male infertility and shed more light on molecular defects that underlie spermatogenic impairments.
The Frequency and Antimicrobial Resistance of blaTEM and blaCTX-M Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated From Patients With a Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Shahbazi Parisa , Jahantigh Mohammad , Salari Saeed , Danesh Salehe
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The production of β-lactamase in bacteria, especially in Escherichia coli as a prevalent opportunistic bacterium, has caused many problems in patient treatment. β-lactamases are encoded by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes such as blaTEM and blaCTX-M. We aimed to assess the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity of β-lactamases encoded by blaCTX-M and blaTEM in E. coli isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections (UTIs). Methods: Escherichia coli strains were isolated from the patients’ urine culture presented to medical diagnostic laboratories in Zabol, Iran. The agar disc-diffusion test was performed on Müller-Hinton agar to investigate the antibiotic resistance of these isolates using eight antimicrobial paper discs including gentamicin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, norfloxacin, cefuroxime, ampicillin, neomycin, and amoxicillin. A conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect blaCTX-M and blaTEM. Results: The frequencies of resistance to cefuroxime, norfloxacin, co-trimoxazole, neomycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and ampicillin were found to be 45 (90%), 15 (30%), 33 (66%), 33 (66%), 44 (88%), 34 (68%), 4 (8%), and 50 (100%), respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of blaCTX-M was 25 (50%) while that of blaTEM was 16 (32%). Conclusion: Based on the results, gentamicin and norfloxacin can be recommended as effective antibacterials for treating UTI caused by E. coli in the study population. Moreover, the frequency of resistant genes including blaCTX-M and blaTEM was high in the isolated E. coli. Effective control systems including appropriate treatments for ESBL-producing strains are therefore required for humans and food animals.
In vitro Anti-inflammatory Effects of Satureja Kkhuzestanica Essential Oil Compared to Carvacrol
Authors: Jalalvand Masumeh , Shahsavari Gholamreza , Sheikhian Ali , Ganji Ali , Mosayebi Ghasem
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Satureja khozestanica grows mainly in the southwest part of Iran as a native plant. This edible herb contains various compounds including the S. Khuzestanica essential oil (SKEO) and monoterpene known as Carvacrol. Previous studies have shown the anti-inflammatory effects of S. Khuzestanica without mentioning the exact mechanism of its function. Given that prostaglandin synthesis, which is one of the main mediators of inflammation, is regulated by the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene, the present study investigated the effects of SKEO and Carvacrol on the expression of the COX2 gene in the stimulated-J774A.1 macrophage cell line. Methods: To this end, fresh aerial parts of the plant were processed to prepare SKEO. Then, different doses of SKEO and Carvacrol (i.e., 0.004%, 0.008%, and 0.016% v/v) were used to treat with the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated cell line for eight hours. After RNA extraction, the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique was applied for gene expression analysis. Results: In the LPS-stimulated J774A.1 macrophage cell line, COX2 gene expression reduced significantly in a dose-dependent manner (0.004%, 0.008%, and 0.016%, P = 0.024, P = 0.021, and P = 0.013 v/v of SKEO, respectively) by SKEO, and the effect of Carvacrol was less powerful (0.008% and 0.016%, P = 0.027 and P = 0.038 v/v, respectively) compared to SKEO. Finally, the comparison between SKEO and Carvacrol showed higher significant inhibitory effects of SKEO on COX2 gene expression in comparison with Carvacrol in 0.004% v/v concentration (P = 0.037). Conclusion: In general, SKEO significantly reduced COX2 gene expression, thus it can be suggested that its anti-inflammatory effect may result from the inhibition of the synthesis of this pro-inflammatory gene.
Probiotics: An Update to Past Researches
Authors: Shirazinia Reza , Golabchifar Ali Akbar , Panahi Mishkar Abolfazl , Fazeli Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2021

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria living in the microbiota ecosystem of the human body playing particular important roles in human health. The increasing rate of various diseases and the studies about the balance of gut microbiome made scientists trying to find novel therapies in this regard and hypothesize the relationships between the imbalance of gut microbiome and spread of various diseases especially in the immune system. Previous studies have indicated that when administrated in specific amounts, probiotics exert beneficial properties for human health such as antibacterial effects, cytotoxic effects, Hypocholesterolemic effects, immunomodulatory effects, wound healing effects etc. Probiotics also are known to produce nourishing healthy supplements for the human body such as vitamin K and B as well as healthy fatty acids. In this regard summarization of scientific evidence may help to familiarize the scientists with this novel area of research helping to find effective therapies for various disease. In this study, we used published literature in scientific databases such as Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, as well as Google Scholar for data collection. So, the present review describes scientific-based evidence about probiotics and some of their beneficial effects to highlight the path for further researches about these beneficial bacteria.
Platelet Count Applicability in Predicting the Degree of ST-Segment Depression and Coronary Flow Rate in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Afsargharehbagh Roghaiyeh , Khademvatani Kamal , Yahyapoor Tohid , Nasiri Aliakbar , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Kheradmand Motahareh , Afshari Mahdi , Seyed-Mohammadzad MirHossein
Published: March 2021

Introduction: It is still unclear whether platelet count can predict the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we assessed the relationship between the initial platelet count on the degree of ST-segment depression and coronary flow rate among patients with MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: In this study, a total of 218 patients suffering from MI, who underwent primary PCI during 2016-2017 (Seyed-Shohada hospital, Urmia, Iran) were selected by consensus method. Demographic information and past medical history such as diabetes mellitus (DM), cigarette smoking, using Integrilin, and door-to-balloon (DTB) time were recorded. All patients were investigated in terms of cell blood count. Serial electrocardiogram (ECG) was also performed and the degree of ST-segment elevation was measured. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 58.67 (11.44) years. The initial platelet count was similar between patients with and without improvement in the ST-segment (P = 0.275). There was no significant difference regarding thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) between patients with and without improved ST-segment (P = 0.380). Conclusion: According to our results, the initial platelet count in patients who underwent angioplasty was not associated with coronary flow and echocardiographic responses to treatment.