bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manner of Death Impacts the Death Effect in Literary Evaluation
Authors: Green Joseph P. , Blosser Daniel F.
Published: March 2022

The existence of a death effect—that the value of a creative work tends to increase after the creator has died—in literary evaluation was demonstrated. To replicate and extend previous findings, (N = 408) university students were asked to imagine being an art collector potentially interested in purchasing a short story. The status of the author varied from still being alive to having died from a car accident, suicide, or heart attack. Consistent with earlier work, students, when informed that the author was dead, offered to pay more money (81% more, on average) to purchase the story relative to students informed that the author was alive. Unique to this investigation, students offered the most money when told that the author died from a car accident. Priming students about death and dying boosted valuations. Unlike earlier work, subjective impressions about the author and the story were not affected by these manipulations. Mortality awareness and the relatability of the manner of death enhanced the desire for a perceived-to-be scarce product, in this case a creative literary work from a dead author.
Enormous Mass Movements, and Gravitational Tectonics Model of the North Serayu Mountains, Karangkobar Area, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumayudha Sari Bahagiarti , Purwanto Heru Sigit
Published: March 2022

North Serayu Mountains in the Central Java province, Indonesia, stretches with west - east axis, bordered by Slamet volcano to the Bogor Mountains in the west, and delimited by Ungaran volcano to the Kendeng Mountains in the east. In the north of these mountains there is coastal alluvial plain of Java, and in the south there is a depression zone of River Serayu. Overall geomorphostructures of the North Serayu Mountains form a faulted anticlinorium, which one of its flank relatively dipping to the south. In the bottom part of this ranges are such plastic, clastic, clayey sedimentary rocks, Eocene to Miocene aged. While at the upper portion there is a group of elastic, brittle, massive volcanic rocks, andesitic to basaltic composition, Pliocene to Pleistocene aged. A volcano, called Rogo Jembangan stands over the top of the North Serayu anticlinorium, with two of its eccentric cones, namely Mount Telagalele and Mount Pawinihan, situated in the Karangkobar District. North Serayu anticlinorium with a plastic bedrock, which is overlain by elastic, hard, and heavy rock has created such a tectonic model influenced by gravity. Parts of volcano’s body and volcanic rocks blocks in the Banjarnegara Regency area generally move slowly but surely southward over a giant slip plane in the form of orographic fields. Locally, this gravitational tectonic is manifested as mass slides, glides, and creeps, occur any time in the study area. Orogenetics of the North Serayu Mountains is still on going in line with the active tectonism of the Java island, caused by subduction of Indian-Australian plate beneath the Eurasian plate. As long as that is the case, gravitational tectonic will continue to run, and mass movements in the research area will regenerate to happen.
“POR AMOR ÀS CAUSAS PERDIDAS”: OS DONS QUIXOTES DE CERVANTES E GESSINGER AO MESSIANISMO DE WALTER BENJAMIN NAS TESES “SOBRE O CONCEITO DE HISTÓRIA”
Authors: Silva Wendell Guedes da
Published: March 2022

A letra da canção “Dom Quixote”, de Humberto Gessinger, foi inspirada na obra homônima de Miguel de Cervantes. Nela, a conhecida história do “Cavaleiro da Triste Figura” é musicada segundo interpretação do compositor, registrando as lutas (aparentemente) sem sentido contra moinhos de ventos e outras aventuras carregadas de alegorias em prol da glória e fama da cavalaria. De modo semelhante (mas não fantasioso), Benjamin, nas Teses sobre o Conceito de História, reflete sobre as lutas contra o fascismo, a necessidade de combater um inimigo na prática, mas que demandava novos conceitos para a luta. Este artigo buscará estabelecer, portanto, um diálogo entre música, literatura e teoria histórica como propostas de transformações sociais e culturais.
LTL-Specification of Bounded Counter Machines
Authors: Kuzmin Egor V.
Published: March 2022

The article revises the results of the work devoted to the problem of representing the behaviour of a program system as a set of formulas of the linear temporal logic LTL, followed by the use of this representation to verify the satisfiability of the program system properties through the procedure of proving the validity of logical inferences, expressed in terms of the LTL logic. The LTL logic is applied to bounded Minsky counter machines that are considered as program systems of which we need to get the specification of its behaviour. Earlier, when working with the temporal logic LTL as a program logic, a special pseudo-operator was actually introduced to refer to the previous values of variables involved in elementary propositions. Despite the fact that this pseudo-operator is easily implemented in the Cadence SMV verifier when proving the validity of logical LTL-inferences, the classical definition of the LTL logic does not imply its presence. In this article, only binary variables will be used to build an LTL-specification for the behaviour of a bounded counter machine, and tracking of previous values of these variables will be carried out exclusively within the LTL logic itself through the appropriate formulas.
Saber en salud: La construcción del conocimiento
Authors: Testa Mario
Published: March 2022

El texto logra atraparnos en el juego intenso, comprometido e implicante de examinar y tejer relaciones entre categorías analíticas y las distintas lógicas que se encuentran en las perspectivas epistemológicas generales y de las ciencias sociales en particular. Su existencia en el espesor determinante de la historia y las historias, con la importancia de las ideologías como productoras de sujetos y generadoras de conciencias y de intereses, con las posibilidades de transformaciones o estereotipias, tanto al nivel del conocimiento y acciones compartidas como en los niveles más subjetivos de la constitución de las personas. El texto también conduce a reflexionar sobre las articulaciones de comportamientos sociales, ciencia, política y vida cotidiana, proponiendo estrategias para pensarlas y, congruentemente, para proponer y realizar acciones, tanto como para evaluar las presentes y las anteriores: en el espacio social, en el campo de la salud, en las características de las prácticas médicas y en el papel que juegan las distintas maneras de enseñanza en todos esos procesos. Fragmento del Prólogo de Vicente Galli
Роль профессиональной деятельности в развитии общества
Authors: Аюпова Г.Т. , Исмаилова Г.М.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье рассматривается роль профессиональной деятельности будущих специалистов. Система профессиональной подготовки связана с тем, что программы профессиональной подготовки высшего образования направлены на подготовку специалистов с квалификацией, последовательное повышение их уровня профессиональной подготовки.
VALORACIÓN DE SEMILLAS Y PLANTAS NATIVAS DE LA COMARCA GUNAYALA, REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ
Authors: Morales Lenin Alfonso , Castillo Geodisio
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de descrever as sementes e plantas nativas que estão sendo perdidas por não serem consumidas, utilizadas ou cultivadas pelo povo Gunadule na Comarca Gunayala, Panamá. A metodologia estabelecida baseou-se em diálogos participativos, por meio de pesquisas com questões abertas, além de visita de campo. A abordagem do artigo possui duas seções, na primeira seção descreve a metodologia, a área onde a pesquisa foi realizada, a idade e o número de participantes por comunidade. Em relação à segunda seção, apresentar os resultados desse processo investigativo.Palavras-chaveGunayala. Plantas Nativas. Nainu. Producão Agricola. Semientes Nativas. ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo describir las semillas y plantas nativas que se están perdiendo por no ser consumido, utilizados o cultivadas por parte del pueblo Gunadule en la Comarca de Gunayala, Panamá. La metodología establecida, se basó en diálogos participativos, a través de encuestas con preguntas abiertas así mismo con visita a campo. El abordaje del artículo tiene dos secciones, en su primera sección describir la metodología, el área donde se realizó la investigación, la edad y cantidad de participantes por comunidad. Respecto a la segunda sección, presentar los resultados de este proceso investigativo. KeywordsGunayala. Plantas Nativas. Nainu. Producción Agrícola. Semillas Nativas.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Steward Angela May , Barros Flávio Bezerra , Guerra Gutemberg Armando Diniz , Assis William Santos de
Published: March 2022

Editorial
O DESMONTE DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E A NOVA AGENDA GOVERNAMENTAL
Authors: Perin Gabriela
Published: March 2022

Ao longo dos anos, a agricultura familiar brasileira passou por muitas transformações e assumiu um papel estratégico na agenda governamental. Em 2016, uma mudança brusca no cenário político alterou a orientação para essa área temática, implicando em mudanças também nas políticas públicas vigentes. Este trabalho analisou as mudanças institucionais, normativas e orçamentárias nas políticas públicas de agricultura familiar no período de 2015 a 2019, tendo em vista as transformações no contexto político-institucional. O método utilizado foi a análise documental, tendo sido explorados normativos como decretos e leis, trabalhos acadêmicos e técnicos contendo estudos de caso das políticas analisadas, além das páginas oficiais dos Ministérios que as implementam e o Portal da Transparência para dados orçamentários. Os resultados demonstram que a extinção do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário, a reorganização das estruturas institucionais e a redução drástica e contínua dos orçamentos de todas as políticas aqui analisadas alteraram significativamente a importância da agricultura familiar na agenda governamental. Os achados sinalizam para uma falta de interesse político em seguir executando políticas públicas voltadas para esse segmento, apesar dos problemas que justificaram sua criação ainda não terem sido superados e terem grandes chances de se intensificarem com a crise econômica e aumento da desigualdade no cenário atual.Palavras-chaveagricultura familiar; agenda governamental; políticas públicas.
MACROSCOPIC FUNGI USED BY INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN BRAZIL: A REVIEW OF AND PERSPECTIVES ON THE CULTI-VATION OF EDIBLE SPECIES
Authors: Putzke Jair , Santos Aline Bezerra da Silva , Castro Renata Machado , Putzke Marisa Terezinha Lopes
Published: March 2022

O conhecimento acerca de uso de fungos pelos povos indígenas brasileiros ainda é escasso e necessita ser investigado. Muitas espécies não estão em listas e seus usos podem significar alternativas de cultivo inclusive em escala comercial. Realizando um levantamento do que já se publicou sobre uso de fungos por diferentes etnias indígenas do Brasil, elaborou-se uma lista de espécies e potenciais de cultivo para cada taxon. Encontrou-se o primeiro relato de 1560 e há um total de 45 espécies identificadas atualmente, 10 a mais do que no último levantamento realizado. 14 gêneros são discutidos com potencial de cultivo comercial, destacando-se Polyporus indigenus e Polyporus sapurema. Para todas as espécies as necessidades ambientais e nutricionais são apresentadas de modo a facilitar o cultivo aos interessados.Palavras-chavecogumelos; nutrição; ameríndios; etnomicologia.  AbstractKnowledge on the use of fungi by indigenous people in Brazil is still scarce and needs to be better investigated. Many species are not recorded and their uses could lead to alternatives for cultivation, even on a commercial scale. By conducting a survey of what has already been published on the use of fungi by different indigenous ethnic groups in Brazil, we prepared a list of species and cultivation potential for each taxon. We found a total of 1560 records;  a total of 45 species are currently identified, 10 more than registered in a previous survey. Fourteen genera are reviewed for their potential for commercial cultivation, with an emphasis on Polyporus indigenus and Polyporus sapurema. For all species, environmental and nutritional needs are presented below to facilitate the cultivation of these species for those who are interested. Keywordsmushrooms; nutrition; Amerindians; ethnomycology
GESTÃO COMPARTILHADA E CONFLITO SOCIOAMBIENTAL EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO: O CASO DA RESEX MARINHA MESTRE LUCINDO, MARAPANIM-PA
Authors: Santos Márcia Cristina , Bastos Rodolpho Zahluth , Barbosa Wagner , Tupiassu Lise , Canto Otávio Do
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo visou identificar os limites da gestão compartilhada na Reserva Extrativista (RESEX) Marinha Mestre Lucindo, considerando os conflitos socioambientais existentes. A RESEX foi criada em 2014, é gerenciada por um Conselho Deliberativo e ainda não possui Plano de Manejo implantado. Para alcançar este objetivo, foi necessário realizar um levantamento bibliográfico-documental acerca do tema, e trabalho de campo, consistindo de entrevistas; participação em reuniões do Conselho Gestor da RESEX; participação em oficinas de Cartografia Participativa na RESEX, realizadas pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Sociedade-Ambiente das Amazônias (GPSA-Amazônias), apoiada pela CAPES/COFECUB e CNPq; levantamentos sobre o perfil das famílias beneficiárias da RESEX e participação nas atividades de monitoramento do pescado, realizadas pelo Instituto Chico Mendes para Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) e, ainda, realização de registros fotográficos. Essas etapas metodológicas possibilitaram identificar as interrelações entre os conselheiros, bem como os conflitos socioambientais relatados por eles, e os limites da gestão compartilhada. As entrevistas foram direcionadas aos conselheiros, e permitiram identificar os principais conflitos socioambientais existentes na RESEX a partir da perspectiva deles. O trabalho constatou que os limites existentes na gestão compartilhada da RESEX são: deficiência do sistema de informação entre a maioria dos conselheiros, baixo grau de participação da população no processo de gestão da RESEX, dificuldade de mediação relativa aos interesses dos membros do Conselho Deliberativo, comunicação frágil entre as comunidades da RESEX e a implantação do Núcleo de Gestão Integrada (NGI).
Mechanism and Potential Therapy in Ameloblastoma: Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Hadi Steward , Porjo Leo Alberto , Sandra Ferry
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Ameloblastoma is the most common benign aggressive tumor. They are more prevalent in the mandible than in the maxilla, mostly observed on the posterior of the jaw. Ameloblastoma can arise at any age, however it most usually affect patients between the ages of 20 and 40. Numerous efforts have been made to develop molecular targeted therapies to treat cancers, such as Akt inhibitors. However, these drugs have not been tested for treating ameloblastoma yet, since underlying molecular factors have yet to be identified. This study was carried out to delineate possible molecular mechanisms related to the Akt signaling pathway in ameloblastoma and potential drugs for ameloblastoma treatment. CONTENT: Akt signaling pathway in ameloblastoma has been implicated in the formation and progression of tumors. Akt signaling is involved in various cellular mechanisms, such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal rearrangement, which includes Phosphatidyl Inositol 3 Kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling, Akt-Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB signaling, Akt-Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, Akt-B-cell Lymphoma (Bcl)-2 Family signaling, Akt-Survivin signaling. Potential ways of treatments using chemical compounds and micro RNA (miRNA), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) were explored as well.SUMMARY: The present review highlights various Akt signaling involved in ameloblastoma and its potential pathways for treatments, while the gold standard of ameloblastoma treatment is still surgery to remove the tumor, there are many potential agents through various means of inhibition for ameloblastoma. Therefore, understanding the underlying signaling on ameloblastoma is necessary to induce inhibition on ameloblastoma. More research in potential ways to inhibit Akt signaling in ameloblastoma will lead to a better management of ameloblastoma in the future. KEYWORDS: ameloblastoma, Akt, PI3K, NFkB, mTOR, Bcl-2, miRNA, CRISPR
Clinical case of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in patient with multifocal atherosclerosis
Authors: Kudaev Yu. A. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Chuev D. V. , Chernov A. V. , Lokhovinina N. L. , Abesadze I. T. , Alugishvili M. Z. , Kuleshova E. V. , Panov A. V.
Published: March 2022

Background. Until now, the issue of surgical treatment staging in patients with aortic pathology coexisting with coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries remains controversial because of features of each clinical situation and association with the risk of periprocedural life-threatening complications (ruptured aortic aneurysm, myocardial infarction, stroke).Objective. Present a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, clinically significant lesions of the coronary and carotid arteries.Design and methods. Diagnosis was carried out using computed tomography of the aorta with intravenous contrast. Instrumental examination included electrocardiography, echocardiography (EchoCG), ultrasound dopplerography of the BCA. Coronary angiography with BCA angiography was also performed.Results. Clinical diagnosis is an ischemic heart disease, angina pectoris III FC, chronic heart failure II FC and atherosclerosis of the aorta. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (diameter 96 mm), stenosing atherosclerosis of the BCA, PVCA stenosis 80 % and occlusion of the LVCA were observed. Patient had hypertension stage III and risk of CVE 4. Firstly, the patient was underwent stenting of the right internal carotid artery, than coronary artery bypass grafting and on the last stage he was performed — endovascular aotric repair. There were no complications in the perioperative period.Conclusions. Endovascular repair of abdominal aotric aneurysm is an effective method of treating patients with comorbid conditions. However, it is possible the development of fatal cardiovascular complications in patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of brachiocephalic and coronary arteries that is why they are required a multidisciplinary approach for choosing a safe treatment strategy.
Computational evaluation of mechano-elastic properties and of paramagnetic contrast enhancement of thoracic aortic wall in acute myocardial infarction and in non-coronarogenic myocardial damage, from the data of dynamic ECG-gated MRI (MR-elastometry)
Authors: Ussov W. Yu. , Ignatenko G. A. , Bergen T. A. , Shelkovnikova T. A. , Bril K. R. , Khovrin V. V. , Maksimova A. S. , Belichenko O. I. , Trufanov G. E.
Published: March 2022

Background. The state of the aorta is a key factor in the prognosis of the patient’s life, since the distension of the ascending aorta in systole determines the blood supply to the myocardium in diastole. Paramagnetic contrast-enhanced MRI provides a reliable assessment of pathological neoangiogenesis, however, in fact, studies of the aorta are performed descriptively, without calculating mechanical strength and extensibility. Objective. To develop and clinically test on the patients with atherosclerotic lesions and myocarditis a method for quantitative assessment of extensibility and mechanical elasticity of the aortic wall.Design and methods. Were examined 12 patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation, as a control group 11 patients without clinical and instrumental signs of atherosclerosis of large arteries and aorta. All underwent MRI of the chest and heart with paramagnetic contrast enhancement (PMCE) and ECG synchronization. The indices of aortic distensibility, distensibility normalized to pulse BP, Young’s modulus of the aortic wall, systolic distension of the ascending aorta (mL), index of strengthening of the aortic wall in PMCE were calculated.Results. Ascending aortic distensibility decreased in patients with myocarditis and acute infarction. Young’s modulus and distensibility of the ascending aorta significantly correlated with the value of the aortic wall enhancement index in PMCE. Myocardial damage in acute infarction and myocarditis was noted with a decrease in systolic expansion of the ascending aorta below 10 ml due to its reduced elasticity.Conclusion. There is a relationship between pathological accumulation of a paramagnet in the wall of the ascending aorta, a decrease in its elasticity, a decrease in the volume of systolic aortic dilation, and the development of hypoperfusion myocardial damage. Magnetic resonance elastometry of the aortic wall makes it possible to assess violations of aortic distensibility and predict the development of ischemic damage in the myocardium of the left ventricle.
The effectiveness of oxytetracycline in the treatment of calves with contracted flexor tendons
Authors: Leech Antonia
Published: March 2022

PICO question

In neonatal calves with contracted flexor tendons is the use of a 3 day course of oxytetracycline in conjunction with other treatments more effective in returning the hoof to normal full weight bearing on both the toe and heel compared to no oxytetracycline?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Three papers were critically reviewed. One randomised controlled study, one case series and one case study

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

Oxytetracycline as a treatment for contracted flexor tendons in calves was found to be slightly more effective in returning the hoof to normal weight bearing compared to no oxytetracycline. In contrast, oxytetracycline infusions for the treatment of contracted flexor tendons in calves do not have an influence on weight bearing and have no significant clinical effect

Conclusion

There was limited confidence that the estimated effect reported by the studies were close to the true effect, this is due to the studies having a number of limitations as well as the case series / study having limited evidentiary power. There is currently insufficient evidence from the literature to support or reject the use of oxytetracycline in the treatment of contracted flexor tendons in calves. Further studies, with higher strengths of evidence, are required to provide conclusive evidence

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Communicative Cultural Dakwah of Abdurrahman Wahid in Pluralistic Society
Authors: Syabibi Muhammad Ridho , Karim Abdul , Kulkarni Shirin , Sahil Azharuddin
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the background of the life and thoughts of Abdurrahman Wahid or known as Gus Dur in the context of dakwah and communication using a social hermeneutic approach. Critical thinking, history, context of religious issues and Gus Dur’s missionary movement are identified in his various works and socio-religious roles. This type of research is qualitative factual history and literature study, namely research that uses library materials as the main data source. The research approach used is a hermeneutic and historical-sociological approach. The research methods are historical descriptive methods and biographical reconstructions. The data collected from the two approaches were analyzed by descriptive analysis presented inductively based on the framework of Habermas’ communication theory. The results of this study shows: Gus Dur emphasized that Islam is as social ethics based on historical-critical, and normative-theological, that reality epistemologically is plural, and the dialogue is necessary.
Photocatalytic nanoreactor based on low-dimensional titanium oxide structures
Authors: Ponaryadov Aleksey , Kotova Ol'ga , San Shieng
Published: March 2022

Synthesized titanium oxide nanotubes from titanium raw materials are efficient nanoreactors for photocatalysis in comparison with macroanalogues. The dependence of the geometry of titanium oxide structures on the redistribution of the density of electronic states was studied. The presence of natural iron ligands leads to the appearance of midgap states inside the bandgap of titanium oxide.
The Cost of a Newborn Set and a First-Grader Set as Indicators of The Families With Children Material Well-Being in The Russian Regions
Authors: Kalabikhina Irina , Seredkina Ekaterina
Published: March 2022

The material well-being of families with children is the basis of the State family policy. In addition to the socio-demographic characteristics of households (children, age of children, number of parents, etc.) that affect the material well-being of families, an important criterion is the state of the household budget in high-cost periods of the life cycle. The authors developed a list of goods for two events when the family budget can be under serious pressure – the birth of a child, the first-grader to school. We also estimated what proportion of the family budget was spent on these sets in families with different numbers of children. Depending on the number of children in the household, the cost of a newborn set is equivalent to 1.4-2.5 monthly income per family member, the cost of a first-grader set is 1.2-2.1. The share of costs, depending on the number of children in the household, for the set of a newborn is up to 40%, for the set of a first grader – up to 34%. As one of the tools for assessing the financial situation of families with children in Russia, we propose not only to introduce a relative price in household budget expenditures but also to estimate the average consumer price indices for sets of goods for children. The results of the study showed that there is significant differentiation in the cost of a newborn and a first grader sets between regions. In most regions, the growth in prices on goods included in the considered sets was higher than the indicator of general inflation and inflation in the group of non-food products. At the same time, the rate of increase in the cost of a newborn's set is higher than that of a first grader's set. Monitoring the inflation of sets of children's goods can be used as the basis for indexing event-related benefits and payments within the framework of state family policy at different levels. Currently, related payments cover between one-third and one-half of the newborn set cost and the first-grader set cost.
Chronological complexes of Medieval sites in Western Siberia
Authors: Tret'iakov E.A.
Published: March 2022

Recently, an opinion has been established about the broad chronology of the medieval cultures in the study of the Middle Ages of the Trans-Urals. Particularly, the period of existence of the Bakal Culture has been consi-dered to fit within the framework of the 4th–13th centuries, and the Yudino Culture within the 6th–13th centuries. Based on the general chronology of the archaeological sites, as well as discovery of materials of different cultures within the same settlements, the researchers suggested a certain level of interaction between representatives of the Bakal and Yudino Cultures. Such ethno-cultural situation probably had to be accompanied by economic, so-cial or military aspects of the interaction of the medieval communities. However, we cannot readily accept the co-existence of representatives of the Bakal and Yudino Cultures, since no multicultural burial complexes have been found and no syncretic has been observed in the material culture. Thus, one of the main objectives was to detail the chronology of the medieval complexes and to identify the chronological phases. To address this problem, we have assessed all known dated archaeological sites of the medieval period, examined by stationary excavations and subjected to absolute and relative dating, 36 sites in total. Using the comparative typological method, an at-tempt was made to narrow the chronological framework of material complexes for each site. All radiocarbon dates have been calibrated using OxCal 4.3 program and IntCal13 calibration curve with a confidence interval 95,4 %, and 68,3 %. The absolute dates were then correlated with the relative dates. As a result, two chronological peri-ods were defined: 4th–8th and 9th–13th centuries. The first period correlates with the period of existence of the Bakal Culture. The later dates, obtained from the few single-layer sites of the Bakal type, are not supported by the material complexes and the presence of burial grounds of this time. Archaeological sites of the Yudino Culture appeared in the territory of Trans-Urals in the 9th century. This has been reliably confirmed by the appearance of single-layer settlements and monocultural necropolises dating to the developed medieval period. In summary, we conclude that the chronology of the Medieval cultures of the Trans-Urals does not overlap, and the analysis of microstratigraphy of the majority of settlement complexes allows observing the gradual replacement of some cul-tural groups by others.
La curva de Phillips para la economía cubana. Un análisis empírico
Authors: Portal Boza Malena , Feitó Madrigal Duniesky , Valdés Pasarón Sergio
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la curva de Phillips para la economía cubana durante el periodo de 1990 a 2009 realizando un recorrido por la crisis económica del periodo derivada de la caída del campo socialista y la desaparición del Consejo de Ayuda mutua Económica (CAME). Los resultados indican que a pesar de que la teoría de la Curva de Phillips fue utilizada en muchos países para mantener el desempleo en cifras bajas mientras se toleraba una inflación alta, la experiencia de Cuba ha demostrado que un país puede tener simultáneamente inflación y desempleo elevados.
Revisiting Cemented Femoral Fixation in Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Khanuja Harpal S. , Mekkawy Kevin L. , MacMahon Aoife , McDaniel Claire M. , Allen Donald A. , Moskal Joseph T.
Published: March 2022

➤ The primary means of femoral fixation in North America is cementless, and its use is increasing worldwide, despite registry data and recent studies showing a higher risk of periprosthetic fracture and early revision in elderly patients managed with such fixation than in those who have cemented femoral fixation.

➤ Cemented femoral stems have excellent long-term outcomes and a continued role, particularly in elderly patients.

➤ Contrary to historical concerns, recent studies have not shown an increased risk of death with cemented femoral fixation.

➤ The choice of femoral fixation method should be determined by the patient’s age, comorbidities, and bone quality.

➤ We recommend considering cemented femoral fixation in patients who are >70 years old (particularly women), in those with Dorr type-C bone or a history of osteoporosis or fragility fractures, or when intraoperative broach stability cannot be obtained.
Research on Rock Crack Classification Based on Acoustic Emission Waveform Feature Extraction Technology
Authors: Ding Ziwei , Li Xiaofei , Tang Qingbao , Jia Jindui , Gao Chengdeng , Wang Shaoyi
Published: March 2022

Rock fracture mode has practical significance for the prediction and prevention of engineering disasters, and the inversion of fracture mode by the waveform signal not only reduces the experimental error of the mechanical strength measurement but also simplifies the type and quantity of disaster prediction source data. For the relationship between crack mode and mechanical strength, the acoustic emission (AE) waveform signal is studied. Six coarse-grained sandstone samples were tested by uniaxial compression, AE, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the number of microhole cracks in rock is positively correlated with tensile-shear cracks and negatively correlated with mechanical strength. The quadratic function regression curve of the proportion of shear cracks and mechanical strength is more realistic. When crack ratio is less than 0.31, the number of shear cracks is positively correlated with the mechanical strength and vice versa. The waveform mutation coefficient k is defined as the overall change description. It is found that the increase of signal mutation has a positive impact on the mechanical strength of rock. The fitting function of crack and the signal mutation near the peak of rock can be divided into six risk zones in a two-dimensional plane. In addition to these exciting results and discoveries, the determination of the number of tensile-shear cracks and its relationship with mechanical strength provide innovative methods and ideas for crack pattern discrimination and rock burst risk assessment of roadway surrounding rock.
Percepción de cambio sobre la actitud y las habilidades de los niños participantes en «La hora del cuento»
Authors: Clavijo-Garzón Laura Lucia , Parra-Cantor Leidy Roció
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación pretende describir la percepción de cambio de actitudes y habilidades que notaron los padres de la comunidad de la Universidad Ean en los niños participantes del club de lectura «La hora del cuento», desarrollado en el marco del proyecto social Emotional and Ethical Development (SEED). En la investigación se realizó un estudio descriptivo cualitativo, a través de una estrategia de análisis de categorías emergentes. La propuesta de investigación se llevó a cabo con una muestra representativa de treinta niños que participaron, junto con sus padres y acompañantes, en La hora del cuento, cuya característica de inclusión consistió en pertenecer a la comunidad extensa, en su calidad de familiares o amigos de personas vinculadas a la Universidad Ean. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de información fue la encuesta realizada a los padres de los niños que participaron en el evento, la cual contenía preguntas abiertas y cerradas que arrojaron información relevante sobre los cambios percibidos por los padres en los niños que participaron en la lectura en voz alta. A partir de la encuesta se encontró que los padres percibieron cambios significativos tanto en las habilidades como en las actitudes de los niños, soportados con comentarios en favor de los avances en las habilidades y actitudes, lo cual permite identificar que la propuesta de lectura en voz alta benefició a los niños participantes y tuvo respuesta positiva, de modo que es un indicio que motiva a seguir investigando acerca de la lectura en voz alta.
MicroRNA Expression Profiling Involved in Borax-Induced Anti-Tumor Effect Using Gene-Chip Analysis
Authors: Wei Ying , Zhou Wenbo , Zhou Jiao , Wang Jinjin , Huang Xuefei , Chen Jun , Chen Qinhua , Li Huizhen , Sheng Fen , Wu Lun
Published: March 2022

Background
Borax has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefits. However, the mechanisms underlying borax-induced anti-tumor effect remain to be further elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may play key roles in cellular processes such as tumor progression and cell apoptosis.
Objective
The present study aimed to investigate whether miRNAs were involved in borax-mediated anti-tumor effect using gene-chip analysis.
Methods
Total RNA was extracted and purified from HepG2 cells treated with 4 mM borax for 2 or 24 h. The samples underwent microarray analysis using a human miRNA Array. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analysed by volcano plot and heatmap, and were validated using quantitative PCR. PPI network was then established, and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape software.
Results
Exposure to borax for 2 or 24 h significantly altered the expression level of miRNAs in HepG2 cells, and 4 or 14 miRNAs were upregulated, respectively, while 3 were downregulated compared with the findings in the control group (≥2 fold-change, P<0.05). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs in HepG2 cells predominantly participated in the MAPK, TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathways in the 2-h borax treatment group, while they were involved in the Ras signaling pathway, forkhead box O signaling pathway and cellular senescence in the 24-h treatment group. Construction and analysis of PPI network showed that NACC2, CACNB1 and FZD6, CDK6, BCL-2, IGF1R, BTG2, AGO2, DLGAP3 were recognized as hub genes with the highest connectivity degrees in the 2-h or 24-h, respectively.
Conclusion
The results indicate that the borax-induced antitumor effect may be associated with alterations in miRNAs. Furthermore, we established a potential tumor-related miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, which explores a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and provides novel therapeutic targets for liver cancer.
Targeted Communication for Bushfire Preparedness: Using an Inventory Cluster Approach
Authors: Ryan Barbara , King Rachel , Lokuge Weena , Karunasena Warna , Anderson Esther
Published: March 2022

Disasters cost the world $US268bn in 2020 in economic, property and human losses. In Queensland, the most disaster-prone of Australian states, flood, cyclone and bushfire will cost $466bn over the next 40 years. Individual preparation for natural hazards has been shown to reduce this cost by reducing adverse experiences, physical health problems and post-traumatic stress, and improving the speed of disaster recovery. This study categorises preparation activity into clusters according to the activity's purpose in order to survey residents of a bushfire-vulnerable area in Queensland, Australia. This cluster approach enabled identification of specific areas of weakness in preparation plans, find that evacuation planning activity, and safety planning activity were especially weak. These results show that emergency agency communicators and community engagement practitioners can use cluster-based research to better plan messaging within their bushfire preparation communication campaigns to target and motivate specific safety behaviours. Improved safety of people and property will mitigate the costs of bushfires in Queensland in future.
The Effect of Tenacity on the Improvement of Children's Serious Game-Play Ability: A Retrospective Study.
Authors: Lee Ju Yeon , Kim Hye Hyeon , Park Ji Ae , Choi Ye Jin , Lee Ji Sung , Park Yu Rang
Published: March 2022

Background
Through several recent studies, tenacity, which involves solving problems with patience and enthusiasm for the goal, has emerged as an indicator of education effect, therapeutic effect, and well-being. However, relatively little research has assessed how to measure and evaluate tenacity. We aimed to analyze the usage pattern of the serious game to define tenacity and examine how it affects the effectiveness of cognitive development by measuring the difference between game-driven cognitive index based on detailed cognitive activities and game score.
Methods
We used a serious game for 5419 children who responded to the survey from September 20, 2018, to July 14, 2020, divided into six groups according to their tenacity level and presence of developmental disabilities. We defined user tenacity through game usage patterns and analyzed how children play the serious game differently according to their characteristics.
Results
We confirmed that tenacity affects the distribution of score changes from the primary episode to the 10th episode of serious games, showing statistical significance for some of the sub-categories in both the typical developments group and developmental disabilities group. Moreover, we found differences in difference estimation and found that tenacity affects the improvement of a serious game-driven cognitive index for Inference, Numerical and Organizing categories commonly seen in both typical developments group (p = < .000, p = 0.001, p = .001), and developmental disabilities group (p = .0019, p = .022, p = .002).
Conclusions
Based on these findings, we propose that cognitive improvement is derived from not only natural-wise content-driven effects but also user compliance effects depending on the non-cognitive factors, regardless of the presence of developmental disabilities.
Stem Cell Transplantation Patients Receiving a Novel Oral Care Protocol for Oral Mucositis Prevention and Treatment: Patient-reported Outcomes and Quality of Life
Authors: Guberti Monica , Botti Stefano , Fusco Andrea , Caffarri Cristiana , Cavuto Silvio , Savoldi Luisa , Serra Nicola , Merli Francesco , Piredda Michela , De Marinis Maria Grazia
Published: March 2022

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most debilitating effects of toxicity due to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) conditioning regimens. The aim of this secondary analysis of the data of a phase II study designed to assess the efficacy of a novel oral care protocol containing bovine colostrum and aloe vera to prevent oral mucositis was to compare outcomes reported by patients with those collected by healthcare professionals (HCPs). Method: Data on oral mucositis severity, duration, time of onset and related pain were collected from patients using the Oral Mucositis Daily Questionnaire (OMDQ). HCPs assessed the same outcomes using the World Health Organization oral mucositis scale and pain numerical rating scale. Quality of life was assessed with the 3-level EuroQol-5 dimensions.Results: Fifty-nine autologous/ allogeneic graft patients were recruited, 46 of whom (78.0%) experienced OM. Mean onset was 9.1 (SD±3.5) days after conditioning initiation, mean duration was 10.4 (SD±4.3) days and the average maximum pain score was 3.7 (SD±2.7). Self-administration of the OMDQ detected oral symptoms at least 1 day sooner compared to objective assessments (p = 0.025). Significant differences were observed between the patient-reported and the HCP-assessment data on oral mucositis severity grading distribution (p < 0.0001) and highest pain score (p < 0.0001). Quality of life score variations were correlated with changes in oral mucositis severity during patients’ hospital stay. Conclusions: Further studies are necessary to improve the understanding of these findings; a randomized controlled trial is being set up at our institution.
Molecular Dynamics Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Fretting Wear Mechanism of Variable Gauge Bogie
Authors: Ji Jiaxin , Sheng He , Yanping Reng
Published: March 2022

Under the "One belt, One road" strategy, the trade in goods is more frequent in diverse countries. The difference in train gauge between countries often leads to low efficiency of freight transportation. In several schemes, the variable gauge bogie can efficiently solve this problem. The fretting wear between the axles and wheels of train gauge changeable bogies may cause the connection relaxation and failure in the actual working process, resulting in potential safety hazards. Diverse experimental researches show that surface treatment technology can effectively reduce the friction and wear between axles and wheels. However, its micro wear reduction mechanism is not clear, to date. Therefore, the three-dimensional fretting wear model of bogie axle and wheel is established by molecular dynamics method in this paper. The wear reduction mechanism of surface treatment technology is then clarified from the micro point of view, and also verified by experiments. The results show that there is micro convex contact between the two surfaces under the contact stress. The micro convex is extruded and deformed, hence forming an adhesion. Whereas, the convex adhesion is desorbed by the shear force during separation, resulting in fretting wear. Since the wear reduction is caused by the reduction of transverse force, good lubrication and wear reduction effect can be achieved by MoS2 coating and nitriding. The surface treatment of MoS2 coating also reduces the friction coefficient between axles and wheels along with improving load bearing. Whereas, the friction coefficient can be decreased by increasing the nitriding amount.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Drought and Rainfall in Pakistan via Standardized Precipitation Index: Homogeneous Regions, Trend, Wavelet and Influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Authors: Junior José Francisco Francisco Oliveira , Shah Munawar , Abbas Ayesha , Iqbal M. Shahid , Shahzad Rasim , de Gois Givanildo , Silva Marcos Vinícius da , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , de Souza Amaury
Published: March 2022

The phenomena of drought is common in the world, particularly in Pakistan. Drought in Pakistan has been studied in terms of its spatial and temporal variability, as well as its impact on the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. The objectives of this study are to identify homogeneous rainfall regions and their trend regions, as well as the impact of ENSO cycle. For the analysis, 44 meteorological sites during 1980–2019 are used for monthly rainfall data. The descriptive and exploratory statistics tests (e.g., Pettitt and Mann-Kendall—MK), Sen method, and cluster analysis (CA) are implemented with the annual Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The ENSO occurrences were classified based on the Oceanic Nio Index (ONI) for region 3.4. Using the Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and a significance level of 5%, seven approaches were applied to the pluviometric dataset. The CCC > 0.9082 indicates that the Complete approach is the best. According to the CA method, Pakistan has four homogenous rainfall groups (G1, G2, G3, and G4). Descriptive and exploratory statistics yielded lower values for G1 than for the other groups. Pettitt's technique identified the most extreme El Niño years in terms of the drought's spatial and temporal variability. According to the Pettitt test, the wettest months were March, August, September, June, and December. Non-significant increases in Pakistan's annual rainfall were found in the MK test, with exceptions in the southern and northern regions, respectively. No significant rise in Pakistan's rainfall was found using Sen's Sen's approach, especially in the G2, G3, and G4 regions. The severity of the drought in Pakistan is made worse by months, homogeneous groups of rainfall, and El Niño events, all of which require public officials' attention while managing water resources, agriculture, and the country's economy.