bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The experience of preparing for and transitioning to registered practice
Authors: Hart Elizabeth
Published: March 2019

Background:

over the past 10 years higher education institutions (HEIs) have redeveloped their nursing courses so that students follow a degree-level programme. The curriculum requires 50% of the total learning hours to be clinically based. This includes placements within the final year to assess management skills.

Aims:

this study focuses on exploring retrospective experiences of learning and support within the final placements, as reflected upon by newly qualified nurses in one trust.

Method:

phenomenological one-to-one interviews were used, and data were analysed using Colaizzi's method.

Findings:

the study found a positive experience of placements. The level of support final-placement students experienced was found to be dependent on staffing levels, commitment from staff and their passion for teaching. Placements were found to support preparation for practice. The impact of familiarity with a trust in improving transition was also recognised.

Conclusion:

this study recommends supporting transition through targeted placements based on employment, solid links between the HEI and trusts and increased support and teaching for students.
Has anyone seen the student? Creating a welcoming practice environment for students
Authors: Tremayne Penny , Hunt Louise
Published: March 2019

A person's introduction to a new environment, whether they are a patient or a student, is critical. Although patients have the ‘Hello my name is …’ campaign to make them less anxious when entering a clinical setting, there is no equivalent for students. Making both patients and students welcome is essential to establishing a rapport and a sense of belonging at a time when each can feel at their most vulnerable. This can influence their journey into something that is positive or negative. This article explores some practical measures that can be adopted to create a welcoming practice environment for students.
Using seminars as a teaching method in undergraduate nurse education
Authors: Morgan Raph
Published: March 2019

This article explores the use of seminars as a teaching method in undergraduate nurse education. Using the backdrop of a year 1 learning unit, grounded in the 6Cs, entitled person-centred practice, the format of the seminars is described in detail. It argues that engaging in a variety of student-centred activities helps students to become informed, self-motivated and curious learners. It identifies that using seminars as a teaching method helps to ensure that students understand and learn what they need to know by using a variety of learning approaches to support them in their personal and academic growth. These include discussion, groupwork, independent learning, the use of technology and building self-confidence, problem-solving approaches and reflection techniques. While being mindful of the higher order skills required to develop and manage seminars, the author uses the concept of constructive alignment to demonstrate development of the seminar approach from curriculum design, teaching, learning, assessment and evaluation.
Influence of tibiofemoral congruency design on the wear of patient-specific unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using finite element analysis
Authors: Koh Y-G. , Park K-M. , Lee H-Y. , Kang K-T.
Published: March 2019

Objectives

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an alternative to total knee arthroplasty for patients who require treatment of single-compartment osteoarthritis, especially for young patients. To satisfy this requirement, new patient-specific prosthetic designs have been introduced. The patient-specific UKA is designed on the basis of data from preoperative medical images. In general, knee implant design with increased conformity has been developed to provide lower contact stress and reduced wear on the tibial insert compared with flat knee designs. The different tibiofemoral conformity may provide designers the opportunity to address both wear and kinematic design goals simultaneously. The aim of this study was to evaluate wear prediction with respect to tibiofemoral conformity design in patient-specific UKA under gait loading conditions by using a previously validated computational wear method.

Methods

Three designs with different conformities were developed with the same femoral component: a flat design normally used in fixed-bearing UKA, a tibia plateau anatomy mimetic (AM) design, and an increased conforming design. We investigated the kinematics, contact stress, contact area, wear rate, and volumetric wear of the three different tibial insert designs.

Results

Conforming increased design showed a lower contact stress and increased contact area. In addition, increased conformity resulted in a reduction of the wear rate and volumetric wear. However, the increased conformity design showed limited kinematics.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that increased conformity provided improvements in wear but resulted in limited kinematics. Therefore, increased conformity should be avoided in fixed-bearing patient-specific UKA design. We recommend a flat or plateau AM tibial insert design in patient-specific UKA. Cite this article: Y-G. Koh, K-M. Park, H-Y. Lee, K-T. Kang. Influence of tibiofemoral congruency design on the wear of patient-specific unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using finite element analysis. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:156–164. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.83.BJR-2018-0193.R1.
Encruzilhada 2017 – no arremate dos incêndios - dinâmicas e políticas
Authors: Mateus Paulo
Published: March 2019

A política de incêndios seguida em Portugal reflete a tendência da evolução da área ardida nos últimos 50 anos, com o crescente poder devastador dos incêndios, demasiadas vezes associados à perda de vidas humanas e a prejuízos socio-económico-ambientais incalculáveis.Na década de 80 do século XX foi iniciado o ciclo de reforço dos meios de extinção aos incêndios florestais em detrimento da sua prevenção. A Lei de Bases da Política Florestal publicada em 1996 veio dar um sinal de reorientação das políticas, porém o pendor de reforço do combate manteve-se.Na resposta de emergência aos grandes incêndios ocorridos em 2003, o período 2004 a 2008 constituiu uma “bolha” experimental da “economia da prevenção”, mas o peso do paradigma de reforço da proteção civil não contrariou o contexto de abandono agrário e ignorou a acumulação de elevadas cargas de combustível na paisagem.O ano fatídico de 2017 abre espaço para uma nova possibilidade de desenvolvimento harmonioso dos espaços rurais, com a integração inteligente das atividades e potencialidades existentes nos territórios. A administração do Estado deve evoluir contrariando a tendência da repetição de rotinas. A resistência à mudança é natural, mas é preciso encarar com seriedade a necessária transformação das entidades responsáveis pelo Sistema.
Os incêndios florestais de 2017 e os mecanismos de regulação na governação do risco em Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Manuel
Published: March 2019

O conhecimento e análise das dinâmicas operativas dos processos de governação do risco são condições explicativas fundamentais para o entendimento das opções e orientações que os Estados adotam na prossecução das suas estratégias de segurança. Tendo por base estes pressupostos, discutir-se-ão neste artigo as implicações respeitantes à gestão dos incêndios florestais que, apresentando leituras distintas, e até interpretações diferenciadas nas perceções e representações sociais, assumem cada vez mais uma importância fundamental no quadro global da segurança em proteção civil. Selecionam-se, para o efeito, duas importantes dimensões, caraterizadoras das tipologias teórico-analíticas dos modelos de governação do risco: padrões políticos e cidadania. Assim, apresentar-se-ão, nas suas componentes sociais, as causalidades e as consequências, práticas e simbólicas que, por efeito dos acontecimentos vividos em 2017, têm estado na origem dos mecanismos de reconfiguração das políticas públicas de governação do risco em Portugal.
Bombeiros – o novo paradigma
Authors: Reis José Carlos
Published: March 2019

Em Portugal, a base da organização do socorro às populações continua assente nas Associações/Corpos de Bombeiros Voluntários. Este modelo de voluntariado denota algumas fragilidades, quer na componente associativa, designadamente na área da gestão, quer na componente operacional, onde, apesar da sentida evolução, não só ao nível da formação inicial e contínua, mas também ao nível da cultura da segurança individual e coletiva, muito há ainda para fazer. Não estando em causa o valor insubstituível do voluntariado, o carinho e a simpatia das comunidades pelos seus bombeiros, impõe-se uma melhoria substancial na formação e treino, principalmente ao nível do topo da hierarquia, onde são mais evidentes as falhas. Obviamente que, em todo este processo de mudança e transformação, a formação e o treino são cruciais para um socorro eficaz e de qualidade, e em que a resposta da Escola Nacional de Bombeiros, autoridade pedagógica de formação de bombeiros, é essencial neste tempo de mudança. Trata-se de um novo paradigma, um desafio que necessariamente terá de envolver o Estado e as instituições que prestam socorro em Portugal, mas que, além disso e no essencial, é um desafio na mudança de mentalidades e na coragem de encetar um novo rumo no que ao socorro diz respeito.
A floresta portuguesa no século XXI e a prevenção de incêndios
Authors: Maia e Costa Alberto
Published: March 2019

Nos últimos anos da década de 70, do século passado, o problema dos incêndios florestais começou a tomar proporções de uma grande questão nacional, atingindo vastas regiões do território, em áreas de grandes manchas florestais e prejudicando fortemente a capacidade produtiva florestal.Face à necessidade de coordenação que se verificava, foi criada a Comissão Nacional Especializada de Fogos Florestais (CNEFF), dependente do Ministério da Administração Interna.Para atingir os objetivos para que foi criada, a CNEFF desenvolveu um conjunto de programas, designadamente os seguintes: infraestruturas florestais; limpeza de matos; vigilância móvel terrestre, infraestruturas de apoio a meios aéreos de combate; vigilância aérea; sensibilização da população escolar; sensibilização da população em geral; investigação científica; apoio às Associações de Defesa do Ambiente.Na impossibilidade de descrever detalhadamente toas estas linhas de ação, referem-se, a título de exemplo, algumas das que foram realizadas.
Extraction Process of Essential Oil from Plectranthus amboinicus Using Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation and Evaluation of It’s Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Dao Tan Phat , Nguyen Duy Chinh , Nguyen Duy Trinh , Tran Thien Hien , Nhan Nguyen Phu Thuong , Hong Le Nhan Thi , Le Xuan Tien , Nguyen Dai Hai , N. Vo Dai Viet , Bach Long Giang
Published: March 2019

Plectranthus amboinicus oil has many applications in pharmaceutical, medicine and cosmetic industries. Recently, new methods of extracting essential oil used have been increasingly developed to replace traditional methods. In this study, maximization of essential oils yield from P. amboinicus was studied by the combination of microwave assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD) and response surface methodology (RSM). We found that that the maximum essential oil yield was 0.1374 % with 94.38 % reliability and influencing factors such as microwave power for this process was 515 W, raw material to water ratio 1.64:1, extraction time at 100.8 min. ANOVA analysis for quadratic model also gives favourable outcome including the high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.94), significant F-value and p-value of coefficients. Under laboratory condition, the obtained yield (0.1374 %) approximated the yield predicted by the quadratic model, suggesting the reasonable soundness of the employed model and RSM when it comes to optimizing the parameters of extraction. In addition, considerable antibacterial activities of extracted essential oil against four bacteria cultures, in particular, S. aureus was recognized.
Adsorption of Heavy Metals Using Mixture of Waste Products
Authors: Shalini  , Naithani Pratibha
Published: March 2019

A new adsorbent for removing lead, nickel, chromium and arsenic ions from industrial wastewaters has been investigated. This new adsorbent consists of four waste products tea waste, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell. The adsorbent was prepared without any physical and chemical treatment. Batch experiments were conducted to assess the removal of selected metal ions from wastewaters. The results have shown that the mixture of four waste products presented an excellent adsorption of heavy metal ions. The equilibrium time was dependent on type of adsorbent and sample. The highest percentage of metal ion removal was 100 %. The results showed pseudo second order kinetics. The surface chemical nature of prepared adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The functional group present in adsorbent has affinity towards heavy metal ions to form metal complexes. The surface morphology of prepared adsorbent was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and chemical composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
Microwave Irradiative Synthesis of Triazine Substituted Pyrazoles and Study of Antitubercular and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Deohate Pradip P. , Mulani Roshani S.
Published: March 2019

Microwave irradiative synthesis of triazine substituted pyrazoles i.e. (4-benzylideneamino-6-methyl-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-yl)-(5-methyl-2-substituted benzoyl/isonicotinoyl/cinnamoyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-amines have been achieved by the cyclocondensation of N-(4-benzylideneamino-6-methyl-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-yl)-3-oxo butyramide with substituted acid hydrazides. Synthesis of required butyramide was done by reacting 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-[1,3,5]-triazine with benzaldehyde and then condensing the product with ethyl acetoacetate. Structural investigation of synthesized compounds has been done by chemical transformation, elemental analysis and IR, 1H NMR, mass spectral studies. Study of antitubercular and antimicrobial activity of title compounds against some selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms was performed to establish the relationship between structure and activity of compound.
Novel Synthetic Strategy of Cyclic Dithiocarbamates Catalyzed by Triton-B
Authors: Kishore R. , Kamboj M. , Shukla M. , Srivastava N.
Published: March 2019

A simple, rapid and green methodology to synthesize cyclic dithiocarbamates (compounds 1-9) was developed by the reaction of 1° amines, CS2 and ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate (ethyl bromopyruvate) facilitated by Triton-B as phase transfer catalyst. These compounds (1-9) were characterized with the help of elemental analysis, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopic methods This efficient green approach requires mild conditions and gives good yield of product. In vitro antimicrobial activities of these compounds are reported against the pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Piperine Analogues Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Ring
Authors: Kumar Kottakki Naveen , Amperayani Karteek Rao , Sankar Ummdi V. Ravi , Parimi Uma Devi
Published: March 2019

A series 1,2,4-triazole piperine analogues (TP1-TP6) were designed and synthesized. The structures were confirmed using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Antibacterial study was done using Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative micro-organisms (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by disc diffusion method. Compound containing chloro substitution (TP6) showed the highest effect, while compound TP1, TP3, TP4, TP5 showed the moderate activity.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ag(I) Complexes Derived from New N-Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Hasson Mohammed Mujbel , Al-Zaidi Basim H. , Ismail Ahmad H.
Published: March 2019

Two new unsymmetrical imidazolium salts viz., [1-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-propyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide] (3) and [1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3-propyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide] (4) have been synthesized via the reaction of propyl bromide with imidazole derivatives, [1-(4-ethylphenyl)-1Himidazole] (1) and [1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1H-imidazole] (2) in absence of solvent. Then two new N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes (5 and 6) were prepared through the reaction of imidazoluim salts (3 and 4) as a source of N-heterocyclic carbene with Ag2O by in situ method. These complexes can be used in the future as a transfer agent for preparing other transitional metal carbine complexes (NHCs) via transmetallation method. The formation of these compounds was confirmed by spectral analysis.
The American Folklore Society-China Folklore Society Folklore and Intangible Cultural Heritage Project, 2013-2016
Authors: Dewhurst C. Kurt , Lloyd Timothy
Published: March 2019

Emphasizing its museum-focused sub-project, this report describes the second phase of the China-US Folklore and Intangible Cultural Heritage Project (2013-2016). Supported by the Henry Luce Foundation, the larger project links these two national scholarly societies in a program of professional exchanges, scholarly meetings, and joint inquiry around issues of intangible cultural heritage policy and practice. The museum sub-project has included joint exhibition development work, travel to local communities in the United States and in Southwest China, and other collaborative initiatives. This report describes the project's history, funding, outcomes, and some lessons learned.
Shapes of the Ancestors: Bodies, Animals, Art, and Ghanaian Fantasy Coffins
Authors: Otto Kristin
Published: March 2019

This project report describes the research and presentation of Shapes of the Ancestors: Bodies, Animals, Art and Ghanain Fantasy Coffins, an exhibition focusing on the workshop of Ghanain fantasy coffin maker Paa Joe. The exhibition was on display at the Mathers Museum of World Cultures in Bloomington, Indiana from August 14 through December 16, 2018.
On Maximal 𝑜𝑡-Subsets of the Euclidean Plane
Authors: Kharazishvili A.
Published: March 2019

We say that a subset 𝑋 of the plane 𝐑2 is an 𝑜𝑡-set if any three points of 𝑋 form an obtuse triangle. Some properties of 𝑜𝑡-sets are investigated. It is shown that no finite 𝑜𝑡-subset of 𝐑2 is maximal, but there exists a countable maximal 𝑜𝑡-subset of 𝐑2. Several related problems are formulated and discussed.
Singular Integrals in Weighted Lebesgue Spaces with Variable Exponent
Authors: Kokilashvili V. , Samko S.
Published: March 2019

In the weighted Lebesgue space with variable exponent the boundedness of the Calderón–Zygmund operator is established. The variable exponent 𝑝(𝑥) is assumed to satisfy the logarithmic Dini condition and the exponent β of the power weight ρ(𝑥) = |𝑥 – 𝑥0|
β
is related only to the value 𝑝(𝑥0). The mapping properties of Cauchy singular integrals defined on the Lyapunov curve and on curves of bounded rotation are also investigated within the framework of the above-mentioned weighted space.
Sturm–Liouville and Focal Higher Order BVPs with Singularities in Phase Variables
Authors: Rachůnková Irena , Staněk Svatoslav
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with the existence of solutions for singular higher order differential equations with Sturm–Liouville or (𝑝, 𝑛 – 𝑝) right focal boundary conditions or the (𝑛 – 𝑝, 𝑝) left focal boundary conditions. Right-hand sides of differential equations may be singular in the zero values of all their phase variables. The proofs are based on the regularization and sequential techniques.
Elevated serum neopterin concentration increases mortality risk in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Xiang Zemin , Gu Yijun , Huang Yuanyuan , Zhang Lefeng , Zhang Xiaohong , Xu Huafeng , Liu Hong , Zhong Yebo
Published: March 2019

Background The aim of this study was to investigate serum neopterin levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and its predictive value for mortality in cases of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods Eighty-two patients with confirmed acute pancreatitis (AP) were included and divided into two groups, mild acute pancreatitis (MAP, n=51) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP, n=31) according to severity of disease. From the SAP group, 8 cases went on to develop multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and 6 subsequently died. Thirty healthy subjects from routine medical examination were included as the control group. The neopterin serum concentrations were determined and compared between groups.

Results Serum neopterin concentrations from control, MAP, SAP, SAP_Non-MODS, MODS_survival and MODS_death groups were 6.85±2.42 (nmol/L), 0.91±4.83(nmol/L), 33.11±11.67(nmol/L), 30.39±9.97(nmol/L), 36.40±4.48(nmol/L) and 41.75±15.64(nmol/L) respectively, with statistical significant difference (p<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity for mortality risk were 66.67% (95%CI:22.28-95.67%) and 88.00%(95%CI:68.78-97.45%) respectively, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.71(95%CI:0.50-0.9), under the cut off value of 40.18.

Conclusion: Serum neopterin levels in patients with acute pancreatitis were significantly elevated and correlated with the severity of disease. Neopterin may also be used a serological biomarker of mortality risk in patients with SAP.
Leigh Merrill: The Manner of Desires
Authors: Briggs Peter S.
Published: March 2019

Contemporary photographer Leigh Merrill translates the methods and objectives of the New Topographics and the Picture Generation into digitally manipulated landscapes that feature the ­southwestern United States. This survey of Merrill’s creative efforts from the last fifteen years focuses on the artist’s distinctive contributions to demonstrate the intrinsic distortions of photography as a medium and photography’s service in advancing skewed desires of place and places.
Elevated free fatty acids affect bovine granulosa cell function: a molecular cue for compromised reproduction during negative energy balance
Authors: Sharma Arpna , Baddela Vijay Simha , Becker Frank , Dannenberger Dirk , Viergutz Torsten , Vanselow Jens
Published: March 2019

High-yielding dairy cows postpartum face the challenge of negative energy balance leading to elevated free fatty acids levels in the serum and follicular fluid thus affecting the ovarian function. Here, we investigated effects of physiological concentrations of palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA) and oleic acid (OA) on the viability, steroid production and gene expression in a bovine granulosa cell (GC) culture model. Treatment with individual and combined fatty acids increased the CD36 gene expression, while no significant apoptotic effects were observed. Both PA and SA significantly upregulated the expression of FSHR, LHCGR, CYP19A1, HSD3B1, CCND2 and increased 17β-estradiol (E2) production, while OA downregulated the expression of these genes and reduced E2. Interestingly, STAR was equally downregulated by all fatty acids and combination treatment. E2 was significantly reduced after combination treatment. To validate the effects of OA, in vivo growing dominant follicles (10–19 mm) were injected with bovine serum albumin (BSA) with/without conjugated OA. The follicular fluid was recovered 48 h post injection. As in our in vitro model, OA significantly reduced intrafollicular E2 concentrations. In addition, expression of CD36 was significantly up- and that of CYP19A1 and STAR significantly downregulated in antral GC recovered from aspirated follicles. The ovulation rates of OA-injected follicles tended to be reduced. Our results indicate that elevated free fatty acid concentrations specifically target functional key genes in GC both in vitro and in vivo. Suggestively, this could be a possible mechanism through which elevated free fatty acids affect folliculogenesis in dairy cows postpartum.
Does sex hormone-binding globulin cause insulin resistance during pubertal growth?
Authors: Le Shenglong , Xu Leiting , Schumann Moritz , Wu Na , Törmäkangas Timo , Alén Markku , Cheng Sulin , Wiklund Petri
Published: March 2019

Background

The directional influences between serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), adiposity and insulin resistance during pubertal growth remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate bidirectional associations between SHBG and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and adiposity from childhood to early adulthood.

Methods

Participants were 396 healthy girls measured at baseline (age 11.2 years) and at 1, 2, 4 and 7.5 years. Serum concentrations of estradiol, testosterone and SHBG were determined by ELISA, glucose and insulin by enzymatic photometry, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays, whole-body fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and HOMA-IR were determined by homeostatic model assessment. The associations were examined using cross-lagged path models.

Results

In a cross-lagged path model, SHBG predicted HOMA-IR before menarche β = −0.320 (95% CI: −0.552 to −0.089), P = 0.007, independent of adiposity and IGF-1. After menarche, no directional effect was found between SHBG and insulin resistance or adiposity.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that in early puberty, decline in SHBG predicts development of insulin resistance, independent of adiposity. However, after menarche, no directional influences between SHBG, adiposity and insulin resistance were found, suggesting that observational associations between SHBG, adiposity and insulin resistance in pubertal children may be subject to confounding. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of the associations between SHBG and cardiometabolic risk markers in peripubertal children.
Posterior hypothalamus-sparing surgery improves outcome after childhood craniopharyngioma
Authors: Bogusz Agnieszka , Boekhoff Svenja , Warmuth-Metz Monika , Calaminus Gabriele , Eveslage Maria , Müller Hermann L
Published: March 2019

Objective

Quality of life (QoL) is frequently impaired in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (CP) by hypothalamic syndrome. The debate, whether pretreatment hypothalamic involvement (HI) has apriori prognostic impact or surgical hypothalamic lesions (HL) determine outcome, is controversial.

Design

Survival and outcome of CPs recruited between 2007 and 2014 in KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007 were analyzed with regard to reference-confirmed presurgical HI and surgical HL.

Methods

Radiological findings, BMI and QoL were assessed at diagnosis and during follow-up. QoL was assessed using Pediatric Quality of Life (PEDQOL) questionnaire.

Results

One hundred sixty-nine CPs were included presenting with no HI (n = 11), anterior (n = 49) and anterior + posterior (a + p) HI (n = 109) prior to surgery. The latter 109 were analyzed for postoperative HL (no lesion:n = 23, anterior HL:n = 29, a + pHL:n = 57). Progression-free survival (PFS) was higher after complete resection. The highest PFS was observed in CP with a + pHL, especially when compared between non-irradiated subgroups (P = 0.006). Overall survival (OS) rates were 1.0 in all subgroups. CP with a + pHL developed higher BMI (P ≤ 0.001) during follow-up compared between subgroups. 55/109 pts with a + pHI completed PEDQOL at diagnosis (48/109 at 3 years follow-up). QoL was worse for a + pHL patients in terms of physical, social and emotional functionality when compared with the anterior HL and no HL subgroup. BMI development and QoL during follow-up were similar for patients with anterior HL and without HL.

Conclusions

Posterior hypothalamus-sparing surgical strategies are associated with higher QoL, decreased development of obesity and lower PFS in CP.
GÜNCEL PERİODONTAL SPLİNTLERE GENEL BAKIŞ
Authors: Öncü ELİF
Published: March 2019

Çeşitli nedenler ile destek
dokularda oluşan kayıplara bağlı olarak mobilitesi artmış daimi dişler,  başarılı periodontal tedavi  ve dişlerin idamesi için periodontal
iyileşmeyi destekleyecek şekilde splintlenmelidir. Literatürde birçok
periodontal splint  çeşitinden bahsedilmektedir.
Bu makalede periodontal harabiyet sonucunda mobilitesi artmış dişlerde
kullanılan splint çeşitleri ve kullanım prensipleri güncel literatür ışığında
gözden geçirilmiştir.
ANTERİOR MAKSİLLER BÖLGEDEKİ BUKKAL KONKAVİTELERİN ANALİZİ: RETROSPEKTİF KONİK IŞINLI BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİ ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: CAN Bilge , ÖNCÜ Elif
Published: March 2019

Amaç: İmplant operasyonlarında komplikasyon riski ve ogmentasyon
gerekliliği oranını azaltmak için alveoler kemiğin topografisinin, komşu
anatomik yapıların ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada,
anterior maksilla bölgesindeki bukkal kret konkavitesinin yeri ve derinliği konik
ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) kullanılarak incelenmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Sağ ve sol maksilla anterior bölgede kısmi ya da tam dişli
hastaların KIBT görüntüleri taranmıştır. Anterior dişlerin kesitsel görüntülerinde
milimetrik ölçümler yapılmıştır. Bukkal konkavite yeri ve konkavite derinliği üç
boyutlu olarak ölçülmüştür.

Bulgular: Bu çalışmada bukkal konkavite görülme oranı sırasıyla sağ
maksillada santralde %23,3, lateralde %44,3 ve kaninde %26,4; sol maksillada
santralde %20,3, lateralde %47,1 ve kanin bölgesinde %18,3’tür. Sağ ve sol
lateral dişler en fazla bukkal konkavite oranına sahip dişlerdir. Bukkal
konkavitenin yeri alveoler kret tepesine en uzak dişler 7,63 mm ile sağ santral
ve 8,06 mm ile sol santraldir. Bukkal konkavite derinlikleri en sığ dişler
ortalama 1,41 mm ile sağ kanin ve ortalama 1,54 mm ile sol kanin olarak
bulunmuştur. Bukkal konkavitenin yerinin ve derinliğinin yaşa, sağ-sol
simetrisine ve cinsiyetlere göre yapılan karşılaştırmalı değerlendirme
sonucunda istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır.

Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmanın limitasyonları dahilinde, implant
operasyonlarında lateral dişler cerrahi komplikasyon oranı ve greftleme
gerekliliği açısından daha yüksek riske sahipken kanin dişler daha güvenli
kabul edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bukkal konkavite, dehissens, immediat implant, konik ışınlı
bilgisayarlı tomografi
The Whole Genome Sequence and mRNA Transcriptome of the Tropical Cyclopoid Copepod Apocyclops royi
Authors: Jørgensen Tue Sparholt , Nielsen Bolette Lykke Holm , Petersen Bent , Browne Patrick Denis , Hansen Benni Winding , Hansen Lars Hestbjerg
Published: March 2019

Copepoda is one of the most ecologically important animal groups on Earth, yet very few genetic resources are available for this Subclass. Here, we present the first whole genome sequence (WGS, acc. UYDY01) and the first mRNA transcriptome assembly (TSA, Acc. GHAJ01) for the tropical cyclopoid copepod species Apocyclops royi. Until now, only the 18S small subunit of ribosomal RNA gene and the COI gene has been available from A. royi, and WGS resources was only available from one other cyclopoid copepod species. Overall, the provided resources are the 8th copepod species to have WGS resources available and the 19th copepod species with TSA information available. We analyze the length and GC content of the provided WGS scaffolds as well as the coverage and gene content of both the WGS and the TSA assembly. Finally, we place the resources within the copepod order Cyclopoida as a member of the Apocyclops genus. We estimate the total genome size of A. royi to 450 Mb, with 181 Mb assembled nonrepetitive sequence, 76 Mb assembled repeats and 193 Mb unassembled sequence. The TSA assembly consists of 29,737 genes and an additional 45,756 isoforms. In the WGS and TSA assemblies, >80% and >95% of core genes can be found, though many in fragmented versions. The provided resources will allow researchers to conduct physiological experiments on A. royi, and also increase the possibilities for copepod gene set analysis, as it adds substantially to the copepod datasets available.
Dispareunia masculina
Authors: Villarreal Valerio Julián Anibal
Published: March 2019

La dispareunia masculina es un síntoma poco conocido, pero con gran impacto en la calidad de vida de los hombres que lo padecen. Existe escasa investigación sobre este tema en comparación con su contraparte femenina. En su etiología se presenta una amplia variedad de patologías con predominancia de componentes orgánicos, por lo que es importante conocer y entender las causas para el oportuno tratamiento. Para el diagnóstico de la dispareunia, una adecuada historia, anamnesis, y examen físico, son fundamentales para orientar a su posterior evolución y manejo del trastorno mediante las nuevas opciones de tratamiento que se cuenta en la actualidad, donde es de utilidad el abordaje individualizado y teniendo en cuenta otros factores emocionales y socio-culturales. En esta revisión, se expone un enfoque sobre la frecuencia, diagnóstico, evaluación y tratamiento de este síntoma bastante complejo, que en algunas oportunidades puede tener repercusión en las relaciones interpersonales.
Incidencia de tuberculosis en pacientes con psoriasis que reciben terapias anti- TNF- alfa en Latinoamérica: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Authors: Contreras Maza Roniel Gonzalo
Published: March 2019

La incidencia global de tuberculosis en pacientes con psoriasis recibiendo anti-factor de necrosis tumoral (TNF)- α en Latinoamérica es desconocida, a pesar del uso cada vez mayor de dichas terapias, y de las elevadas tasas de incidencia de tuberculosis en la región, por lo que se efectuó una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis sobre el tema. Para dicha revisión, se incluyeron estudios que reporten la incidencia de tuberculosis activa en pacientes con psoriasis recibiendo anti- TNF- α en Latinoamérica, usando cuatro bases de datos electrónicas: Pubmed, Scielo, LILACS y Medigraphic, para luego efectuar un metaanálisis sobre dichas incidencias y obtener proporciones conjuntas. Finalmente, se seleccionaron 9 estudios los cuales fueron realizados en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia y México, con un seguimiento total de 510,9 pacientes- año, y obteniéndose un total de 3 casos de tuberculosis activa, lo cual constituye una incidencia estimada de 636 casos de tuberculosis por cada 100 mil pacientes/año (intervalo de confianza al 95% [IC 95%]: 145-1764 por 100 mil pacientes/año), tras usar el modelo de efectos fijos, siendo dicha incidencia elevada en relación a las tasas de incidencia poblacionales en la región, y comparable a otras poblaciones que recibieron terapias anti- TNF- α por psoriasis en otras
Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por paro cardiaco intraoperatorio en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, 2011-2015
Authors: Rosas Marroquín Victor Hugo , Menacho Terry Jorge , Troncos Merino Tania , Cabana Cruz Luis , Belloso Torres Brenner , Rosas Chávez Fiorella
Published: March 2019

Introducción. La incidencia y mortalidad de paro cardiaco intraoperatorio (PCI) son indicadores de la calidad de atención y eficiencia en centros quirúrgicos. Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por PCI en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú, durante los años 2011 a 2015. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de PCI ocurridos en el periodo de estudio, donde se determinó el riesgo relativo. Resultados. Entre los años 2011 a 2015 ocurrieron 88 PCI de un total de 74 096 cirugías realizadas; la incidencia de PCI fue de 11,87 x 10 000 cirugías. De los 88 PCI, 39 pacientes fallecieron (44,3%); la mortalidad intraoperatoria fue 5,26 x 10 000 cirugías. Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por PCI fueron: RCP mayor de 20 minutos (RR: 3,9), clasificación ASA (RR: 3,4), cirugía cardiovascular (RR: 2,9), causas quirúrgicas (RR:2,9), etapa de mantenimiento anestésico (RR:2,0). Conclusiones. En el periodo de estudio la incidencia de PCI fue de 11,87 x 10 000 cirugías; los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por PCI fueron la RCP mayor de 20 minutos, alto riesgo ASA, cirugía por enfermedad cardiovascular, eventos adversos relacionados con cirugías y mantenimiento anestésico.
Caminando junto a la tuberculosis
Authors: Ticona Eduardo
Published: March 2019

En países con elevada endemia tuberculosa, las personas están muy cerca a esta enfermedad a lo largo de toda su vida. Sea porque algún familiar o amigo desarrolla la enfermedad o porque en el devenir de la vida experimenta la infección o la enfermedad. En el caso del médico o profesional de la salud, seguramente su cercanía será mayor, y preferentemente si se dedica a actividades de prevención y control en tuberculosis. En este artículo se exponen las experiencias cercanas con la tuberculosis desde nuestra infancia, como estudiante de medicina, médico, investigador, salubrista y docente universitario, donde el profesional pasa situaciones afectivas personales, temas de limitaciones de conocimiento, limitaciones en el diagnóstico, hasta ejecución de investigaciones sobre problemas locales y generando respuestas en la prevención y control. Seguramente es una experiencia común en profesionales de salud que en el día a día enfrentan esta endemia, de la cual cada vez conocemos más, pero se nos hace muy difícil su control.
Microfiltración apical entre tres cementos utilizados en obturación retrógrada
Authors: Legarda Canales Vinicio Vladimir , Martini Garcia Isadora , Mena Silva Paola Andrea , Hidalgo Moya Viviana Marcela , Guillén Guillén Raquel Esmeralda
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: Determinar la microfiltración apical de tres cementos utilizados en obturación retrógrada. Métodos: 45 piezas unirradiculares estandarizadas a 16 mm de longitud se instrumentaron con sistema ProTaper® manual e irrigaron con NaClO al 5,25%. Las muestras fueron obturadas con cono principal ProTaper® F3 y accesorios Denstply® #A y #B; se realizó la recesión apical de 3 mm, posteriormente se desobturó 3 mm con ultrasonido (Satelec Acteon) con punta s12/70D; se dividió la muestra en tres grupos para realizar obturación retrógrada con diferentes cementos de obturación cada uno. Las muestras se incubaron a 37 °C por 3 días; se cubrieron con barniz de uñas excepto 2 mm apicales para ser sumergidas en azul de metileno al 1% por 48 horas, se lavaron y realizaron un corte longitudinal con disco de diamante #2 para su análisis en el estereomicroscopio (EduBlue ED 1402S), con la ayuda de un micrómetro (Stainless Hardened) se obtuvieron diferentes valores de cada grupo, mismos que fueron analizados por medio de la comparación de medias y pruebas paramétricas. Resultados: La valoración media de la microfiltración que produce la obturación retrógrada indica que: el MTA® presentó un valor de 87,33 ± 9,61 µm (14,57%), seguido del Biodentine® con 136 ± 12,42 µm (22,69%), con respecto al IRM® con mayor cantidad de microfiltración con un valor de 376 ± 12,98 µm (62,74%). Conclusiones: Al comparar las medias y porcentajes de la microfiltración apical que presentan los cementos IRM®, Biodentine® y MTA®, se evidenció que el MTA® presentó el menor valor de microfiltración.
Manejo clínico endodóntico de la variación anatómica conducto en “C” tipo IV en un segundo molar mandibular
Authors: Llanos Carazas Mónica Yizely , Jara Castro Marisa , Alanya Ricalde José Antonio
Published: March 2019

Los conductos en forma de C son una variación anatómica habitualmente encontrada en los segundos molares mandibulares con raíces fusionadas, presentan una morfología transversal que describe un arco de 180º o más y un solo orificio acintado. El presente caso clínico describe el tratamiento endodóntico con equipos de última generación de un segundo molar mandibular con conducto en forma de C tipo IV y bifurcación a nivel apical de un paciente de sexo masculino que presenta dolor a la percusión, palpación y que al examen con tomografía computarizada Cone Beam (CBCT) se confirma la variación anatómica de la pieza 47. El diagnóstico fue: tratamiento previamente iniciado asociado a periodontitis apical sintomática. Se realizó el retratamiento de conductos empleando el preflaring previo a la técnica de preparación biomecánica con el Sistema Reciproc® R25, medicación intraconducto con hidróxido de calcio por 7 días, irrigación pasiva con solución de hipoclorito de sodio y técnica de obturación de onda continúa de calor Beefill 2 en 1 sellando herméticamente el tercio apical. El control fue transcurrido tres años y se evidenció el éxito del tratamiento y su bilateralidad anatómica. Es importante hacer uso de la tecnología durante el diagnóstico y tratamiento para acrecentar la probabilidad de éxito a largo plazo.
Dr. Antonio Bascones Martínez un referente de la odontoestomatología latinoamericana y española
Authors: Ramos Perfecto Donald
Published: March 2019

El reconocido Dr. Antonio Bascones Martínez, representa un exponente de la odontología contemporánea, los conocimientos y experiencias que ha brindado en sus clases lo hacen un médico odontoestomatólogo referente de la profesión. A sus 74 años nos hace recordar un antes, un presente y un futuro cambiante que involucra también a la odontología. En esta entrevista queremos recordar la historia, generar un sentimiento, destacar un conocimiento y oírlo como maestro.
Quality Metrics for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs
Authors: Science Michelle , Timberlake Kathryn , Morris Andrew , Read Stanley , Le Saux Nicole ,   on behalf of the Groupe Antibiothérapie en Pédiatrie Canada Alliance for Stewardship of Antimicrobials in Pediatrics (GAP Can ASAP)
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are targeted to optimize antimicrobial use. However, pediatric metrics used to measure outcomes of ASPs are not well established. Our aim for this project was to identify, refine, and develop consensus on standard metrics for pediatric ASPs.

METHODS:

By using a modified Delphi process, 2 surveys were sent to experts and stakeholders to establish consensus on the utility of metrics. These were subdivided into 4 ASP domains: (1) antimicrobial consumption, (2) microbiologic outcomes, (3) clinical outcomes, and (4) process measures. Respondents were asked to rank the scientific merit, impact, feasibility, and accountability of each metric. Metrics with ≥75% agreement for scientific merit were included and metrics with ≤25% agreement were discarded. Consensus was finalized with a face-to-face meeting and final survey.

RESULTS:

Thirty-eight participants from 15 pediatric hospitals across Canada completed all 3 rounds of the Delphi survey. In the domain of antimicrobial consumption, the 2 selected metrics were (1) days of therapy per 1000 patient-days and (2) total antimicrobial days. The clinical and process outcomes chosen were (1) 30-day readmission rate and (2) adherence to ASP recommendations, respectively. A microbiologic outcome was felt to be important and feasible, but consensus could not be obtained on a measure. Several barriers to implementation of the metrics were identified, including information technology limitations at various centers.

CONCLUSIONS:

We obtained consensus on 4 metrics to evaluate pediatric antimicrobial stewardship activities in Canada. Adoption of these metrics by pediatric ASPs will facilitate measurement of outcomes nationally and internationally.
Implicaciones Educativas de las Teorías de Vygotsky: el Desarrollo de Conceptos Científicos en Estudiantes Bogotanos
Authors: Escallón Largacha Eduardo , González González Blanca Isabel , Peña Bravo Paola Carolina , Rozo Parrado Liseth Jimena
Published: March 2019

El aprendizaje de un sistema de conceptos científicos es la base del desarrollo de conceptos en la escuela. Uno de los obstáculos para lograrlo es que los conceptos se aprenden como palabras vacías sin contenido adecuado. Este estudio ilustra la forma en la que las ideas de Vygotsky se pueden usar para superar dicho obstáculo. Para describir el proceso de comprensión de los conceptos medio ambiente y naturaleza, se implementó una estrategia pedagógica en una muestra de 80 estudiantes de grado séptimo. Los resultados muestran que la estrategia fue efectiva para ayudar a los estudiantes a superar sus preconcepciones y construir conceptos adecuados, representados en modelos y textos expositivos.
Continuous second order minimization method with variable metric projection operator
Authors: Malinov Valerian G.
Published: March 2019

The paper examines a new continuous projection second order method of minimization of continuously Frechet differentiable convex functions on the convex closed simple set in separable, normed Hilbert space with variable metric. This method accelerates common continuous projection minimization method by means of quasi-Newton matrices. In the method, apart from variable metric operator, vector of search direction for motion to minimum, constructed in auxiliary extrapolated point, is used. By other word, complex continuous extragradient variable metric method is investigated. Short review of allied methods is presented and their connections with given method are indicated. Also some auxiliary inequalities are presented which are used for theoretical reasoning of the method. With their help, under given supplemental conditions, including requirements on operator of metric and on method parameters, convergence of the method for convex smooth functions is proved. Under conditions completely identical to those in convergence theorem, without additional requirements to the function, estimates of the method's convergence rate are obtained for convex smooth functions. It is pointed out, that one must execute computational implementation of the method by means of numerical methods for ODEs solution and by taking into account the conditions of proved theorems.
The ill-posed problem for the heat transfer equation with involution
Authors: Sarsenbi Abdisalam A.
Published: March 2019

A mixed problem for an equation of heat transfer with involution is considered. The uniqueness of the problem's solution is proved. The ill-posedness of the mixed problem with Dirichlet-type boundary conditions for this equation is shown. By application of Fourier method, we obtain a spectral problem for a second-order differential operator with involution with an infinite number of positive and negative eigenvalues. The Green function of obtained second-order differential operator with involution is constructed. Uniform estimate of the Green's function is established for sufficiently large values of the spectral parameter. The existence of the Green's function of a second-order differential operator with involution and with variable coefficient is proved. By estimation of the Green's function completeness of the eigenfunctions's system for operator discussed is proved. In the class of polynomials the existence of a solution of this ill-posed problem is proved.
Calculation of the natural frequencies of the transverse of cable oscillations at the area of application of insulation
Authors: Anisimov Valeriy N. , Litvinov Vladislav L.
Published: March 2019

Researches the transverse vibrations of the cable in the area where the insulation is applied to it. The considered mathematical model takes into account a wide range of factors affecting the oscillations: longitudinal motion, variable bending stiffness, environmental resistance, cable tension. The object belongs to a wide range of one-dimensional objects with moving boundaries. Moving boundaries complicate the description of such objects. The article introduces new variables that stop the boundaries. In this paper, using the Galerkin method, a fourth-order algebraic equation is obtained, which makes it possible to obtain two first natural frequencies of cable oscillations. The considered methods of statement and solution of the problem allow to solve the problems arising in the study of oscillations of objects with moving boundaries. Results can be used to ensure reliable operation of the technological installation for the manufacture of cables.