bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biopolymer-based Green Supercapacitors: A Critical Review
Authors: Kumar Sanath , Bhanuse Gita B. , Birare Madhuri , Verma Atul , Fu Yen-Pei
Published: December 2023

Supercapacitors can store higher energy with the ability of fast charging and need a sophisticated low-cost innovative material, where biosource-derived carbon fits as an efficient electrode material. Thus, this chapter gives a critical description of carbon material preparation and its use in green energy as supercapacitor electrodes. Hence, the biopolymers derived from plant sources containing chemical components could effectively yield the desired carbon material. The considerable usage advantages of biosource-derived carbon materials are due to various properties like wider range access to derive carbon, higher porosity, ecofriendliness, lower weight, and cost effectiveness, providing the required momentum gain in its implementation. Further, the biopolymer source-derived carbon exhibits unique morphological, compositional, and electrochemical properties. Thus, this chapter emphasizes (i) the broad concept about biopolymers, (ii) sources of biopolymers and their carbon conversion and application towards supercapacitors, (iii) various synthesis processes used to obtain biopolymer-derived carbon, (iv) recent advantages in biopolymer-derived carbon material towards supercapacitor electrode application, and (v) challenges and prospects with biopolymer-derived carbon for green energy. Hence, this chapter provides valuable interest to the scientific community in designing and developing low-cost, efficient green electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.
Advances in Low-carbon Supercapacitors Based on Nanocomposites: Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Lal Mamta Sham , Ramaprabhu Sundara
Published: December 2023

In recent times, plant-based (biopolymers), cost-effective, and wide-source porous carbon has gathered great attention for application in low-carbon supercapacitors. Despite its widely known benefits like environmental benignity, biodegradability, high specific surface area and unique pore structure, the specific capacitance and energy density values are limited, causing a hindrance for its large-scale commercialization. Therefore, the idea of compounding porous carbon with other carbon-derived nanostructures, metal oxides, and layered double hydroxides, is of significant interest to improve the overall electrochemical performance of low-carbon supercapacitors. In this chapter, various biopolymers and derived porous carbon are introduced in detail and the applications and research progress of porous carbon-based electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage in recent years are reviewed. The effect of incorporating graphene, metal oxides, and layered double hydroxides in porous carbon (porous carbon/graphene, porous carbon/metal oxide and porous carbon/layered double hydroxide composites) on the supercapacitive performance are briefly discussed. Finally, this chapter summarizes the current research status of low-carbon supercapacitors based on nanocomposites, and the advantages and challenges to promote their application in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
Introduction
Authors: Sharma V. , Sauzier G. , Lewis S. W.
Published: December 2023

Chemometrics refers to the application of mathematical and statistical methods to model chemical data. This may be done to extract further information from chemical systems, improve the reliability of chemical interpretation, or reveal and explain underlying patterns in complex datasets. These approaches have recently been suggested as a means of reducing human error or bias affecting forensic interpretation based on chemical analyses. Consequently, interest in chemometric approaches for modelling and interpreting forensic data has grown substantially in recent decades. This chapter outlines the origins of chemometrics in analytical science and the argument for its use in forensic science, with reference to contemporary issues faced by forensic scientists.
Questioned Document Examination
Authors: Kumar R. , Sharma V.
Published: December 2023

Questioned documents is a significant field of forensic science that deals with handwriting, printing, and typewriting analysis. Counterfeit documents are increasingly being produced using various means, necessitating expertise in questioned documents and analytical research methods. Non-destructive or quasi-destructive analysis methods are crucial, considering the nature of the examined documents, and these are discussed in this chapter. However, interpreting the spectral information obtained from modern spectrophotometers, which includes data on inks, toners, papers, and other materials in the questioned document, presents a significant challenge due to the sheer volume of data and chemical information involved. This poses a constant need for experts to analyse large datasets and extract meaningful information that can answer court queries and aid in accurate interpretation of outcomes. Chemometric methods, such as supervised and non-supervised approaches, are employed to reduce large datasets, systematically interpret results, and address classification and discrimination problems in questioned document examination. This chapter discusses several chemometric approaches, including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), and others. The chapter presents multivariate statistical analysis as an effective method for extracting important spectral features necessary for discrimination and classification of documents, with a specific focus on inks, toners, and paper analysis. Overall, the chapter highlights the complexities and challenges involved in analysing questioned documents and the importance of utilising chemometric methods for data analysis and interpretation in this field of forensic science.
NiCo-compounds inside and outside N-doped carbon nanotubes to construct a double-enhanced hierarchical structure for high energy density supercapacitors
Authors: Bi Lansen , Tian Qingbin , Geng Lei , Zhou Yang , Zheng Benyu , Gao Jiang-Shan , He Yan
Published: December 2023

The structure consists of N-doped carbon nanotube (NCNT) spheres wrapped with NiCo–Se nanoparticles (NPs) and coated with nickel–cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) multilayer nanosheets.
Optical and scintillation properties of hybrid manganese(ii) bromides with formamidinium and acetamidinium cations
Authors: Fateev Sergey A. , Kozhevnikova Vladislava Y. , Kuznetsov Kirill M. , Belikova Daria E. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Goodilin Eugene A. , Tarasov Alexey B.
Published: December 2023

The compact organic cations of formamidinium (FA+) and acetamidinium (AcA+) provides the formation of four new hybrid manganese(ii) bromides of different coordination, stoichiometry, and emission properties under UV and X-ray excitation.
Coordination-induced bond weakening and small molecule activation by low-valent titanium complexes
Authors: Oloyede Ugochinyere N. , Flowers Robert A.
Published: December 2023

The coordination of small molecules to low valent titanium complexes provides a powerful platform for the transformation of challenging substrates either through PCET reactions or bond-weakening induced by π-back donation of electrons from Ti.
Synthesis, structures, and photophysical properties of π-extended arsaborins
Authors: Sumida Akifumi , Onishi Tomoharu , Imoto Hiroaki , Naka Kensuke
Published: December 2023

Arsaborin derivatives were investigated using experimental methods. The structures and photophysical properties of these arsaborins were significantly influenced by the fused arenes.
A nested spin structure and single molecule magnet behaviour in an Fe8Dy12 heterometallic cyclic coordination cluster
Authors: Peng Yan , Braun Jonas , Schulze Michael , Kaemmerer Hagen , Schneider Yannik F. , Anson Christopher E. , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Powell Annie K.
Published: December 2023

The evaluation of the magnetic hysteresis of a saddle-shaped Fe8Dy12 cyclic coordination cluster (CCC) using MAGELLAN reveals three sets of DyIII anisotropy axes.
Effective one‐dimensional dynamic modelling of latent heat thermal energy storage units for heating applications
Authors: Bastida Hector , De la Cruz‐Loredo Ivan , Ugalde‐Loo Carlos E.
Published: December 2023

Effective use of the energy stored within thermal energy storage systems requires mathematical models that faithfully represent the dynamics of interest. Although three‐dimensional or two‐dimensional models may provide an accurate representation of the thermal store, these are computationally intensive and may not be suitable for control system design or to simulate complex networks. Following this line, a low‐order one‐dimensional model of a latent heat thermal store is presented. The model is based on energy balance, the specific heat–temperature curve of the storage medium, and the dynamic calculation of the heat transfer coefficient. The simplicity afforded by the model facilitates its implementation in any programming language, guaranteeing its compatibility with commercial software to simulate complex systems. The model was implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and verified against experimental data of the real unit and simulation results obtained with a two‐dimensional model. Simulation results for charging and discharging operations obtained with the one‐dimensional model exhibit a root mean square error of ≤0.53 °C and a mean square error of ≤0.32 °C when compared with experimental results of the output temperature of the heat transfer fluid. These outcomes are deemed acceptable considering the low order of the one‐dimensional model.
Corn cob biochar as agricultural waste management for increasing soil resilient and crop yield
Authors: Nurida Neneng Laela , Salma Selly , Jubaedah
Published: December 2023

For the purpose of climate change mitigation and adaption, biochar is a solution for managing agricultural waste by maximizing its addition to soil. The conversion of corn cobs to biochar have advantages in terms of waste management and improving soil properties. This research aims to utilize corn cob biochar to enhance soil properties and corn yield. The study was conducted on September to December 2021 at Karangrejo village, South Lampung. The research arranged by randomized block design with 6 replications. The treatments tested were: 1) manure compost 2 tha-1; 2) corn cob biochar (CCBC) 5 tha-1+compost manure 2 tha-1; 3) Co-compost CCBC-manure 7 tha-1 and 4) Co-compost CCBC-manure 5 tha-1. Parameters observed were soil properties and dry grain yield. The research results showed that after one season, the application of CCBC, either as a single or in co-compost biochar-manure, increased soil porosity, soil pH to be 4.68 but no significantly differences in soil organic carbon content. The addition of co-compost CCBC-manure of 7 tha-1 or 5 th-1 was able to decrease the Al3+ content and increase dry grain as well. The conversion of corn cobs into biochar was not only increasing soil properties but also reduces carbon loss from agricultural waste.
Effect of dolomite and micronutrients on the growth and yield of lowland rice on acid sulfate soil
Authors: Hartatik Wiwik , Subiksa I. Gusti Made , Retno Widowati Ladiyani , Aksani Dila
Published: December 2023

Soil acidity, availability of P, base cations, micronutrients such as Cu and Zn, and climate change have become limiting factors in nutrient management on acid sulfate soils. Therefore, applying dolomite and micronutrient fertilizer is required to improve rice productivity and climate change adaptation. This study aims to determine the effect of dolomite, Cu, and Zn fertilizers on the growth and yield of rice in acid sulfate soils. The study was conducted in the greenhouse using a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of control, 3 tons ha-1 dolomite application, and 4 levels of Cu and Zn fertilizer doses 0, 2, 4, and 6 g L-1. NPK as basal fertilizer was applied according to the recommended dose for all treatments. Observations included soil pH, dissolved Fe, plant height, number of tillers, number and weight of panicle, dry shoots weight, 1000 grains weight, yield, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Fe, Cu, and Zn). The results showed that applying dolomite 3 tons ha-1 significantly increased soil pH, growth, and yield of rice, but applying Cu and Zn fertilizers without dolomite cannot support the growth of rice. Combination of dolomite 3 tons ha-1 with Cu and Zn fertilizers 4 ml L-1 increased nutrient uptake of N, P, K, Cu, and Zn in grains around 16% - 35% compared to without micronutrient fertilizers. Applying a combination of dolomite and micronutrient fertilizers can increase soil productivity on acid sulfate soils, nutrient uptake, and increase rice yield.
The impact of climate change in the spread of Pythium myriotylum in ginger: a critical review
Authors: Yosilia Rani , Afandi Auliana , Lindiana  , Febriani Yamesa Away Sischa , Kamelia Marlina , Zarina Putri Annisyia , Dwipa Yamesa Away Romy
Published: December 2023

Climate change is a growing concern due to its potential impact on biotic stressors, particularly fungal infections, such as Pythium myriotylum, which causes significant damage to ginger plants. Among the several yield-reducing fungal diseases targeting ginger, Pythium myriotylum is known to cause significant damage through rhizome rot and damping off. Scientific studies have explored the survival and spread of P. myriotylum in gingers and other crops that are thought to be caused by climate change. Oospores, the primary inoculum source, are crucial for the P. myriotylum's life cycle and disease progression. To mitigate the effects of P. myriotylum in ginger, adaptation techniques such as crop rotation, pesticide use, and breeding of resistant varieties can be developed. However, understanding the current spread of P. myriotylum and its limitations is crucial for future research. This review discusses the current status of P. myriotylum's importance in ginger, the effects of climatic variables on its life cycle, survival, and spread, adaptation strategies, and the effects of climate change on it. It also identifies significant knowledge gaps for future research.
The use of Silica fertilizer to increase the effectiveness of N,P,K fertilizer on rice plant growth
Authors: Syamsiyah Jauhari , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Hartati Sri , Wijaya Lidya Zaela
Published: December 2023

One of the impacts of climate change is drought, which will disrupt plant growth. Silica can increase plant growth even in drought-stress conditions, but few rice farmers use Si fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of silicate combined with NPK fertilizer on the growth of rice plants. The study was conducted experimentally using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications, namely 7 treatments of NPK fertilizer and Si fertilizer combinations and 2 treatments in the form of control and NPK fertilizers (Urea 300 kg ha-1 , SP 20 180 kg ha-1, and KCL 100 kg ha-1). The results showed that the use of Si (silica fertilizer) combined with NPK fertilizer increased the growth of rice plants, as indicated by the growth of plant height 4.30% higher in the application of ¾ NPK Fertilizer + 1 Silica Fertilizer dose and the number of tillers 1.55% more in the application of ¾ NPK fertilizer + ¼ silica fertilizer dose compared to the standard NPK treatment at the maximum vegetative period.
The effect of the land cover plant on infiltration rate in Alas Bromo, Karanganyar
Authors: Ariyanto Dwi Priyo , Sayoga Prasetya Adi , Suryono  , Sulistyo Trijono Djoko
Published: December 2023

Forest management is a way to keep the forest well-preserved. Forest management can mitigate the impacts of climate change. It will affect the balance of the environment such as the balance in the hydrological or water systems aspect. Infiltration is one of the water system factors in hydrology. This research aims to determine the value and classification of the infiltration rate. This research was conducted using a descriptive exploratory method to determine the infiltration rate of each land cover plant. This research is in Alas Bromo, Karanganyar, Central Java which has Alfisol soil types with six land uses: seasonal mixed, annual mixed, mahogany, pine, pine-mahogany, and renewal. Different types of land cover and plant characteristics affect the soil condition and the ability to absorb water into the soil. The calculation of the infiltration rate uses the Philip method. According to the classification of the infiltration rate in Alas Bromo, four classes were obtained including: moderately rapid 9.15 cm.h-1 (Mahogany), moderate 3.72, and 2.77 cm.h-1 (Pine and Pine-Mahogany), moderately slow 0.87 cm.h-1 (annual mixed), slow 0.28 and 0.265 cm.h-1 (seasonal mixed and renewal). Therefore, the presence of land-cover plants increases the infiltration rate.
Study of sediment transport distribution pattern after normalization in the Majalaya Area, Citarum River
Authors: Pirsouw Martha Natalia , Nugroho Joko , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Burnama Nabila Siti , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Farid Mohammad , Kardhana Hadi
Published: December 2023

Majalaya area in West Java, Indonesia, is prone to extreme rainfall events that cause flooding of the Citarum River. The river flows through the area, naturally containing sediments from erosion upstream that disturb the river balance. Some flat areas of the river retain sediments and cause excessive accumulation, resulting in changing the storage capacity of the river. The accumulation disrupts the flow of water and causes flooding in the area. To mitigate this problem, the River Basin Authority has implemented sediment dredging and river normalization with a total length of 5.4 km in 2020, successfully preventing flooding in the first year. However, subsequent floods that affected more than 7,000 people return to occur due to changes in land use, human activities, and unmanaged erosion upstream. This study examines the sediment accumulation pre-2020, immediately after the normalization efforts 2020, and the current sediment profile 2022. The result provides an overview of the river's morphology, sediment distribution patterns, and potential future profiles. The research results can be used to evaluate flood management risk in the area, including the compound flood risk caused by continuous sedimentation and climate change, e.g., heavier and longer rainfall.
Organic fertilizer decomposed with biofilm biofertilizer to nutrients status and yield of shallot on acid and alkaline soil
Authors: Sudadi  , Dewi Widyatmani Sih , Hadiwiyono
Published: December 2023

The use of organic fertilizer in organic farming increases carbon sequestration so will reduce CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and impact of global warming. Research aims to study the effect of biofilm biofertilizer (BiO2) formulas and organic fertilizer dosages on soil nutrients status and shallot yield in acid (Alfisol) and alkaline (Vertisol), Experiment was conducted in field with two treatment factors says BiO2 formula (F0, F1, F2, and F3) and doses of organic fertilizer composted with biofilm biofertilizers i.e 0, 10 and 20 tonha-1 (D0, D10, and D20). As a comparison treatment was NPK at a rate of 200 kg urea, 200 kg ZA, 400 kg SP-36 and 250 kg KCl per hectare). The observed variables include available-P, exchangeable-K and shallot bulb weights. Data analyzed by ANOVA followed by DMRT at 95% level confidence. The dose of organic fertilizer increased significantly of observed variables, while the formula of BiO2 was not. The application of organic fertilizer at 20 tonha-1 increased available-P, exchangeable-K and weight of shallot bulbs on Vertisols and Alfisols. Compared to the NPK fertilizer treatment, the application of 20 tonha-1 organic fertilizer provided higher shallot yield on Alfisol soil but lower on Vertisol soil. It need further reseacr to identified the factor causing lower yield on Vertisol.
Biochar as bioretention systems for water quality improvement in Malaysia
Authors: Selvarajoo Anurita , Balakrishnan Darshan , Aman Aan Mohammad Nusrat , Yeong Tuck Wai
Published: December 2023

Rapid urbanization and constant development of infrastructure in the civil engineering community has accelerated in the past decades. However, there has been a reduction of permeable surfaces for rainwater and surface runoff to escape, raising concerns regarding flooding and water quality especially in Malaysia where the tropical climate and heavy rainfall applies pressure on the bioretention systems. To lessen the issue, this paper will be looking into biochar’s benefits in bioretention systems focussing on the type of biochar which will be most suited in improving water quality. In particular, two types of biochar were compared such as rice husk biochar and palm biochar to be tested as bioretention system and different water samples were run through them. Various water quality parameter tests were conducted to evaluate biochar’s performance in reducing pollutants and contaminants from the water samples and thus enable to draw a conclusion on which is the most effective for bioretention use. With a deeper understanding of biochar’s capabilities and limitations, stormwater management strategies can be improved to make the construction industry more sustainable.
Assessing the ecological impact of the mass entry of Rohingya refugees in Ukhia, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh: a remote sensing-based analysis
Authors: Joyotu Toerhthangquor Shuvrangshu , Komariah  , Hidayat Agung
Published: December 2023

The massive influx of Rohingya refugees to Bangladesh from Myanmar in August 2017, impelled the government of Bangladesh to clear thousands of acres of forestland in Ukhia and Teknaf sub-districts to allow their accommodation. Subsequently, the refugees also cut down trees thus resulting in rapid deforestation in that region. Recently, however, the Rohingya refugees in collaboration with UNHCR, have undertaken a massive tree plantation project. In this study, we calculated a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using remote sensing data in the Ukhia sub-district to analyze changes that occurred in the years following the 2017 influx and evaluated the effectiveness of the reforestation effort. After calculating the NDVI, we found that there was an implication of a slight increase in vegetation. The results show that the total area of vegetation coverage in February, 2017 was 215 square kilometers and in 2019 it had gone down to 197.92 and by 2023 it had recovered to 235 square kilometers. Thus, we can conclude that the reforestation process should be continued as the changes will become more visible. As Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to climate change, continued deforestation will only aggravate the situation and thus this raises the importance of reforestation.
Nickel mining in Obi Island: problem or solution for mitigating climate change effects?
Authors: Satyawan Ignatius Agung , Pardede Togu Marisi , Kevin Muhammad Sultan
Published: December 2023

Climate change has become a global issue that threatens human life. According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), since 1850 there has been an increase in temperature and sea level so that small islands will sink. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, Indonesia is committed to reduce carbon emissions as a means for mitigating the effects of climate change. The current program is to replace fossil energy with renewable energy. Nickel is a mineral for basic materials to make batteries that can be used as an energy source for electric vehicles which are environmentally friendly. Indonesia has the world's largest nickel reserves and contributes to 37% of the world's total nickel production in 2021. One of the areas that produces nickel is Obi Island in North Maluku. Massive nickel production in this island has negative on environment as well as social-economic on local community. The purpose of this study is to analyse the profit and loss impact of nickel mining in Obi Island. Using qualitative descriptive method through library research this study shows that nickel mining is able to increase regional income but is accompanied by environmental degradation and increased social problems for the local people.
Spatial optimization of the economic benefits of the potential hydropower locations: study case upper citarum river
Authors: Rosani Assyifa , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Roesbianto Azman Syah Barran , Burnama Nabila Siti , Kardhana Hadi , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Farid Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Hydropower is a renewable energy source that provides clean energy services and contributes to climate change mitigation by replacing fossil fuel energy production sources. The Upper Citarum Watershed in West Java, Indonesia, is described as a giant basin known as the Bandung Basin, which is type by mountainous relief with an elevation of 750-2300 meters above sea level, a slope of 30-90%, and a radiating river flow pattern. This study focuses on the potential of small hydropower with a run-of-river scheme that acts as a filler for the study of hydropower potential with a pump storage scheme by the Australian National University. Climate data in the study area were analyzed using the SWAT model to obtain Cumulative Discharge Frequency and identify potential discharge by adopting the method of previous studies. The results identified 7 SHPs with P exceeding 500 kW and below 2000 kW. BHUMI ATR BPN can predict land value and land cover in areas designated for hydropower development. The findings suggest improvements in aspects such as proper forecasting, on-the-ground valuation, and calculations relating to economically viable sustainability.
Adaptation and mitigation in agrotourism development
Authors: Sugihardjo  , Rusdiyana Eksa , Lestari Eny , Widiyanto  , Setyowati Retno , Samsita Nur Kholiq Birr
Published: December 2023

Climate change and global warming have an impact on the development of the tourism sector. Tourism village development programs must align with ecological interests and politics to align with tourism and environmental sustainability. This study aims to analyze adaptation and mitigation in efforts to develop agro-tourism. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through interviews, involved observation, and FGD. The location was chosen purposively, namely agro-tourism Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar, Indonesia. Research informants were obtained through purposive and snowball sampling of village heads, youth leaders, tourism awareness groups, and community groups. Data validity was determined using source triangulation and method triangulation. Data were analyzed using the interactive Milles and Huberman data analysis model. The analysis results show that the community has adapted to maintain the sustainability of tourism objects by managing irrigation water, selecting plant varieties, planting annual crops to prevent landslides, and marketing and processing crops. Mitigation includes making appropriate infrastructure easy to reach for visitors to tourist attractions.
Numerical modeling of transient non Newtonian thinning fluid flow
Authors: Bahrar Tarek , Samri Hassan , Ech-Chibat My Ehoussaine
Published: December 2023

This study concerns a numerical simulation of transient non-Newtonian fluid flow in a hydraulic pipe resulting from sudden valve closure, commonly known as waterhammer or hydraulic shock. The fluid behaves as a law power model. The basic equations are solved numerically by the characteristic method to obtain average pressure and velocity across a right sections of pipe and, a flow velocity profile by a Runge–Kutta scheme of fourth-order. The results of the present model agree suitably with those found in the literature [1]. This study highlights the remarkable effects of the properties of this fluids on the pressure oscillations generated by hydraulic waterhammer compared to fluids of Newtonian behavior.
Study of stress distribution in the various interfaces present in the 3D printing microelectronic systems: Applies to boxes produced by additive manufacturing
Authors: Houmimi Mohamed , Zaghar Hamid , Moujibi Nabil , Sossey-Alaoui Ismail
Published: December 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, enables the construction of customized packaging microelectronic systems that are perfectly tailored to component dimensions and specifications. In fused deposition 3D printing technology (FDM), residual stresses are influenced by printing conditions, which reduce material performance and can lead to geometric distortions. During printing, time and temperature affect the thermomechanical properties and crystallization kinetics of the polymer used in FDM. The aim of this work is to evaluate the residual stress in a sample based on the printing conditions (ambient temperature, printing speed and layer thickness). Six points were selected to calculate and compare the residual stress in the sample, with three points in the first layer and three points in the second. Simulation and modeling are utilized to study the effects of printing conditions on the thermomechanical behavior of semicrystalline polymer for an effective assessment.
Numerical study on the thermal performance of new composite wall with phase change material in a building located in Marrakech
Authors: Jellaj Sabrina , Ouhaibi Salma , Belouaggadia Naoual , Zahiri Laidi , Mansouri Khalifa
Published: December 2023

Phase change materials (PCMs) hold promise for enhancing building energy efficiency. Smart walls with PCMs effectively control indoor temperatures, reducing heating and cooling energy use. This study examines five PCM configurations within a smart wall, including a reference wall, PCM1 wall, PCM2 wall, a dual PCM wall, and a novel configuration in Marrakech, Morocco. The primary aim is to find the most effective configuration for improving smart wall thermal performance. We employ numerical simulations in the ANSYS CFD environment to analyze the transient thermal behavior of walls with varying melting temperature PCMs.Results show that a novel dual-PCM wall significantly improves temperature stability and reduces energy consumption compared to the reference wall. This configuration excels in thermal energy storage and thermal conductivity. Overall, these findings highlight the effectiveness of a composite layer design for PCM-integrated smart walls. The new wall configuration with PCMs 1 and 2 reduces energy consumption by 89% in winter and 20.46% in summer. Additionally, a wall with two PCMs (1 and 2) in parallel layers reduces energy consumption by 89.5% in winter and 21.76% in the summer.
Implementation Strategy for DC Fast Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Nabucha Mutekhele Dorine , Rop K.V.
Published: December 2023

Adoption of electric vehicles (EV) has been on a rising trend in the recent past. Provision of public DC fast charging infrastructure at strategic points is one of the major drivers towards the adoption of electric vehicles. This paper develops an implementation strategy for DC fast charging stations as an element in transmission and distribution infrastructure at strategic points to supply electrical energy for the recharging of electric vehicles. Kenya Power Ltd., a distribution utility player in Kenya, is a key stakeholder in the e-mobility ecosystem an is keen on opportunities that can take up extra capacity especially off-peak hence smoothening the load curve, maximizing on the use of transmission and distribution infrastructure as well as exposure to new technology. DC fast charging stations encourage the purchase of electrical vehicles and is one-step closer to a low – carbon economy, using clean transport. A SWOT analysis was used to construct an implementation strategy for EVs charging stations. Financial viability of the project was analysed using payback period, cost-to-benefit ratio, net present value (NPV), and internal rate of return (IRR). The financial indicators suggested that the investment is profitable, hence it is worth to consider it for investment.
A new hyper-chaotic system with equilibrium lines: Dynamic analysis and synchronization
Authors: El Qassime Ali Abou , Nhaila Hasna , Bahatti Lhoucine
Published: December 2023

Based on our previous work investigating chaos theory, in this article we suggest a hyperchaotic system with an equilibrium line and its synchronization. The paper introduces a new hyperchaotic system with highly complex dynamic behavior, so it is interesting to note that this system has three fixed point lines. Finally, we propose a method for synchronizing the proposed hyperchaotic system.
Fractional-order sliding-mode control of a wind turbine for tracking maximum power point
Authors: Zoubaa Yassamine , Chouiekh Sihame , El Bakri Ayoub , Boumhidi Ismail
Published: December 2023

This study examines a nonlinear control technique based on fractional-order sliding mode theory to track the highest power point of a wind energy conversion system. The proposed method achieves chatter-free fractional sliding-mode control by using a continuous control strategy. The main advantages of the proposed fractional-order SMC law are accurate reference tracking, elimination of the chattering problem and minimization of overshoot. To demonstrate the boundedness and convergence characteristics of the closed-loop signals, Lyapunov's stability theory is used. Extensive simulations results are presented to evaluate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed control under various uncertainty.
H∞ control of a bilateral teleoperation system: Application to a PV system
Authors: Darouiche Fatima Zahra , Tissir El Houssaine , El Khaloufi Ghizlane
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a novel approach for the H∞ control of a bilateral teleoperation system by combining dilated Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) and the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy approach. The proposed methodology aims to enhance the control performance and robustness of bilateral teleoperation systems by leveraging the advantages of both dilated LMIs and T-S fuzzy modeling. The proposed approach ensures robust stability by utilizing Lyapunov stability analysis. Robust H∞ state feedback controllers are developed using both standard and dilated linear matrix inequalities to accommodate uncertain-ties inherent in the master/slave system. As an illustrative example, we enrich our approach by integrating a simulation model of a photovoltaic system. This extension demonstrates the versatility of our methodology by applying it to a distinct domain.
A generalized disjunctive programming model for multi-stage compression for natural gas liquefaction processes
Authors: Matovu Fahad , Mahadzir Shuhaimi , Rozali Nor Erniza Mohammad
Published: December 2023

The primary driver of operating costs in natural gas processes is the energy consumption of the compression system. Multistage compression configurations are commonly employed and hence play a vital role in optimization of natural gas processes. In this study, a generalized disjunctive programming model for multistage compression is formulated. The model is useful for both synthesis and optimization of multistage compression configurations. By using this approach, we further seek improvements in shaft work savings. The model relies on thermodynamic equations and is designed to minimize the consumption of shaft work. The model is handled by employing the logic-based branch and bound algorithm, eliminating the need for explicit conversion into a MINLP, which in turn leads to improved convergence and faster computational performance. The model solution yields optimal pressure levels, and hence stage shaft work consumptions. A case study of multistage compression for a prior optimized single mixed refrigerant (SMR) process obtained from literature is used to test the proposed model. The model’s outcomes are validated through simulation using the Aspen Hysys software. Savings in shaft work of atmost 0.0088%, 0.4433%, and 1.2321% are obtained for the two, three, and four stage compression systems respectively against the optimized base cases from literature.
LoraWAN-based intelligent multi-greenhouse monitoring and control
Authors: Mezouari Abdelkader , Elkarch Hajar , Haoul Chaimae , Dahou Hamad , Elgouri Rachid
Published: December 2023

The development of communication technologies has brought about a revolution in agriculture and greenhouse farming. It has empowered farmers with the ability to monitor and control various parameters with greater precision and efficiency. As prolonged rainfall and excessive heat increase the risk of pests and diseases resulting in crop failure, an agricultural greenhouse is more important in the agricultural sector. The system of greenhouse cultivation is relatively new; therefore, farmers still use this system traditionally. The monitoring of different agriculture parameters, like humidity, temperature, brightness, etc., is done with the help of a human being. It is observed that farmers have to bear huge financial losses due to bad weather forecasts and bad methods of irrigation. Therefore, this research aims to develop a multi-greenhouse monitoring and control platform using IoT architecture based on LoraWAN modules.
H∞ Filtering of 2D Linear FM II Model Delayed Systems
Authors: Qobbi Hicham , Zoulagh Taha , Barbosa Karina , Boukili Bensalem , Hmamed Abdelaziz , Chaibi Noreddine
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to address the challenge of H∞ filtering for 2-D systems with time delays. We will employ the well-known Fornasini-Marchesini state model with delay to mathematically describe these 2-D systems. Our objective is to develop a full-order filter that not only ensures the asymptotic stability of the expanded system but also maintains H∞ performance. Our approach will rely on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) to establish the conditions for the filter’s existence and convert the filter design problem into a convex optimization problem. Finally, we conclude with an illustrative example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter design.
Bibliographical review on assessment methodologies to evaluate the electrical energy recovered from biomass conversion technologies
Authors: Drissi El Bouzaidi Ouissal , Ouazzani Kamar
Published: December 2023

Biomass conversion technologies offer clean, sustainable, and renewable electrical energy from biogas that is leaking into landfills. This energy based organic largely replaces fossil fuels in industrial and manufacturing activities, without forgetting its contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gases. In this work, we have indicated the methodology to evaluate the energy recovery of biomass that any operator in this field of activity can use to anticipate, control, and improve the productivity and the functioning of the landfill controlled site. The interest of the use of a combinatorial methodology between the three experimental, theoretical and numerical models offers the advantages for anticipate all the problems, using the most common solutions such as installing all the possible equipment for the permanent verification of the site impermeability by detecting the oxygen content, of the degradation, of the mechanical system of the site by measuring the hydrogen sulphide concentration, of breakdowns detections, and loss of methane. In addition, the artificial intelligence applications can be implemented to predict of biomass feedstock properties, process optimization and design for biomass conversion, optimal utilization of bioenergy, and supply chain design and planning respectively using four categories.
Sur das Unbehagen : forces et contre-forces de l’humain
Authors: Kalinov Valentin
Published: December 2023

Le texte vise à analyser ¡’interrelation entre le phénomène humain et l’état (mécanisme, appareil ontologique) de mécontentement et de malaise sur lequel Freud réfléchit dans son texte Das Unbehagen in der Kultur (1930). Selon une considération ontologique, le phénomène humain se présente sur le plan de l’inconscient comme un point de rassemblement de forces et de contre-forces qui se trouve dans un état permanent d’excentricité et d’auto-transcendance, qui constituent la forme de son destin humain, trop humain.
Entre Italie et Sénégal : les femmes face à l’expérience du retour
Authors: Zini Laura , Giannica David , Souvignet Aurélie Maurin
Published: December 2023

Le processus du retour au pays d’origine est un objet complexe, qui commence à susciter l’intérêt des institutions politiques européennes en tant qu’opportunité pour mieux gérer le phénomène migratoire, ainsi que des psychologues qui cherchent à conceptualiser une approche clinique à la migration de retour. Ce texte se penche sur le cas particulier des femmes sénégalaises qui retournent dans leur pays après une période de migration légale en Italie. L’histoire de Coumba nous interroge sur la signification d’un retour réussi et sur la possibilité de retrouver sa place légitime au sein de sa communauté d’origine, tout en préservant les acquis identitaires de son parcours migratoire.
Morbus Bechterew – zielgerichtete Physiotherapie und
Bewegungsübungen
Authors: Heusinger Tobias , le Maire Maxime
Published: December 2023

Die Bewegungs- und Physiotherapie ist seit jeher ein unverzichtbarer Bestandteil in der Therapie des
Morbus Bechterew. Die überragende Bedeutung dessen spiegelt sich auch darin wider, dass viele
Patient*innen mit Morbus Bechterew Langzeitverordnungen für Physiotherapie und Bewegungstraining (z.B.
Rehasport oder Funktionsgymnastik) erhalten. Doch wie lassen sich Physiotherapie und
Bewegungsinterventionen so gestalten, dass Patient*innen langfristig am meisten davon profitieren?
Accounting for among-sampler variability improves confidence in fuel moisture content field measurements
Authors: Little Kerryn , Graham Laura J. , Kettridge Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Background Direct fuel moisture content measurements are critical for characterising spatio-temporal variations in fuel flammability and for informing fire danger assessments. However, among-sampler variability (systematic differences in measurements between samplers) likely contributes to fuel moisture measurement variability in most field campaigns. Aims We assessed the magnitude of among-sampler variability in plot-scale Calluna vulgaris fuel moisture measurements. Methods Seventeen individuals collected samples from six fuel layers hourly from 10:00 hours to 18:00 hours. We developed mixed effects models to estimate the among-sampler variability. Key results Fuel moisture measurements were highly variable between individuals sampling within the same plot, fuel layer, and time of day. The importance of among-sampler variability in explaining total measured fuel moisture variance was fuel layer dependent. Among-sampler variability explained the greatest amount of measurement variation in litter (58%) and moss (45%) and was more important for live (19%) than dead (4%) Calluna. Conclusions Both consideration of samplers within the experimental design and incorporation of sampler metadata during statistical analysis will improve understanding of spatio-temporal fuel moisture dynamics obtained from field-based studies. Implications Accounting for among-sampler variability in fuel moisture campaigns opens opportunities to utilise sampling teams and citizen science research to examine fuel moisture dynamics over large spatio-temporal scales.
Remote entangling gate between a quantum dot spin and a transmon qubit mediated by microwave photons
Authors: Zhu 朱 Xing-Yu 行宇 , Zhu 朱 Le-Tian 乐天 , Tu 涂 Tao 涛 , Li 李 Chuan-Feng 传锋
Published: December 2023

Spin qubits and superconducting qubits are promising candidates for realizing solid-state quantum information processors. Designing a hybrid architecture that combines the advantages of different qubits on the same chip is a highly desirable but challenging goal. Here we propose a hybrid architecture that utilizes a high-impedance SQUID array resonator as a quantum bus, thereby coherently coupling different solid-state qubits. We employ a resonant exchange spin qubit hosted in a triple quantum dot and a superconducting transmon qubit. Since this hybrid system is highly tunable, it can operate in a dispersive regime, where the interaction between the different qubits is mediated by virtual photons. By utilizing such interactions, entangling gate operations between different qubits can be realized in a short time of 30 ns with a fidelity of up to 96.5% under realistic parameter conditions. Further utilizing this interaction, remote entangled state between different qubits can be prepared and is robust to perturbations of various parameters. These results pave the way for exploring efficient fault-tolerant quantum computation on hybrid quantum architecture platforms.
Water scarcity challenges across urban regions with expanding irrigation
Authors: Rathore Lokendra S , Kumar Mukesh , Hanasaki Naota , Mekonnen Mesfin M , Raghav Pushpendra
Published: December 2023

Irrigation expansion is often posed as a promising option to enhance food security. Here, we assess the influence of expansion of irrigation, primarily in rural areas of the contiguous United States (CONUS), on the intensification and spatial proliferation of freshwater scarcity. Results show rain-fed to irrigation-fed (RFtoIF) transition will result in an additional 169.6 million hectares or 22% of the total CONUS land area facing moderate or severe water scarcity. Analysis of just the 53 large urban clusters with 146 million residents shows that the transition will result in 97 million urban population facing water scarcity for at least one month per year on average versus 82 million before the irrigation expansion. Notably, none of the six large urban regions facing an increase in scarcity with RFtoIF transition are located in arid regions in part because the magnitude of impact is dependent on multiple factors including local water demand, abstractions in the river upstream, and the buffering capacity of ancillary water sources to cities. For these reasons, areas with higher population and industrialization also generally experience a relatively smaller change in scarcity than regions with lower water demand. While the exact magnitude of impacts are subject to simulation uncertainties despite efforts to exercise due diligence, the study unambiguously underscores the need for strategies aimed at boosting crop productivity to incorporate the effects on water availability throughout the entire extent of the flow networks, instead of solely focusing on the local level. The results further highlight that if irrigation expansion is poorly managed, it may increase urban water scarcity, thus also possibly increasing the likelihood of water conflict between urban and rural areas.
An improved modulus of continuity for the two-phase Stefan problem
Authors: Liao Naian
Published: December 2023

The known logarithmic-type modulus of continuity is improved for weak solutions to the two-phase Stefan problem in low space dimensions. In the two dimensional problem, the modulus becomes

ω
(
r
)
≈
exp
⁡
{
−
c

|

ln
⁡
r

|

1
2

}
,

\boldsymbol \omega (r)\approx \operatorname {exp}\{-c|\operatorname {ln} r|^{\frac 12}\},

for some

c
∈
(
0
,
1
)

c\in (0,1)

. In the one dimensional problem, the modulus becomes Hölder-type. The main merit lies in a delicate, potential theoretical estimate that sharpens the expansion of positivity for non-negative super-solutions to parabolic equations. Our argument offers a unified approach to the state-of-the-art moduli in all dimensions.