bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Temporal Variable-Scale Clustering Method on Feature Identification for Policy Public-Opinion Management
Authors: Wang Ai , Gao Xuedong , Tang Mincong
Published: April 2024

The development of various digital social network platforms has caused public opinion to play an increasingly important role in the policy making process. However, due to the fact that public opinion hotspots usually change rapidly (such as the phenomenon of public opinion inversion), both the behaviour feature and demand feature of netizens included in the public opinion often vary over time. Therefore, this paper focuses on the feature identification problem of public opinion simultaneously considering the multiple observation time intervals and key time points, in order to support the management of policy-focused online public opinion. According to the variable-scale data analysis theory, the temporal scale space model is established to describe candidate temporal observation scales, which are organized following the time points of relevant policy promulgation (policy time points). After proposing the multi-scale temporal data model, a temporal variable-scale clustering method (T-VSC) is put forward. Compared to the traditional numerical variable-scale clustering method, the proposed T-VSC enables to combine the subjective attention of decision-makers and objective timeliness of public opinion data together during the scale transformation process. The case study collects 48552 raw public opinion data on the double-reduction education policy from Sina Weibo platform during Jan 2023 to Nov 2023. Experimental results indicate that the proposed T-VSC method could divide netizens that participate in the dissemination of policy-focused public opinion into clusters with low behavioural granularity deviation on the satisfied observation time scales, and identify the differentiated demand feature of each netizen cluster at policy time points, which could be applied to build the timely and efficient digital public dialogue mechanism.
Advantages and Challenges of Inclusive Education: Analysis of Teachers’ Subjective Experiences
Authors: Tomėnienė Laima , Alifanovienė Daiva
Published: April 2024

The article aims to reveal the context of the expression of advantages and challenges of inclusive education. The research was based on an interpretive approach to research methodology in order to find out the attitude of the research participants – teachers of general education schools – about the reality of the implementation of inclusive education in the context of general education. In order to achieve high-quality education for all, the teachers saw the positive benefits of inclusion for all participants in the process of education, the community of the institution, the positive process of socialization, and the emotional well-being of children. It is emphasized that the successful implementation of the principle of inclusion in the school is impossible without changing values, attitudes, and beliefs, constructive and effective cooperation, team work of teachers and educational support specialists both when planning activities and directly working in the classroom.
Lead dust exposure and blood lead levels among workers in used battery recycling factories in Dar es salaam, Tanzania
Authors: H Mamuya Simon , G Sakwari , Omar Abdulsalaam , Msangi Naanjela , John Axwesso Witness , Luco Mwelange Patson , Reuben Susan , Duguza Robert , K Mduma John , Mlimbila Jane , Gwae Emmanuel
Published: April 2024

Background: Used Lead Acid Battery (ULAB) recycling factories produce Lead, which brings health effects among workers. Lead is an environmental and occupational pollutant agent. Lead toxicity is one of the most prevalent occupational and environmental health problems in the world.1 Objective: The main objective of the surveillance was to determine lead exposure levels and associated health effects among workers in ULAB recycling factories in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in two of the ULAB recycling factories (Factory A and Factory B) in Dar es Salaam. The Socio demographic characteristics from 149 workers in the two factories were assessed. Lead exposure levels in air and blood Lead level (BLL) was measured (n=60). Inductive Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AOS) used for analysis of Lead exposure level and BLL data and control measure were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results and discussion: The arithmetic mean (AM) age was 30.56 years with standard deviation (SD) 8.66. The mean duration of employment was 82.24(69.55) and 47(57.09) months for Factory A and Factory B respectively. Geometric Mean (SD) for Pb level in air were 307.9(5.08) µg/m3 and 242.9(1.94) µg/m3 for factory A and factory B respectively, which were higher compared to the OEL value of 50 µg/m3by NIOSH and that of 0.5µg/m3 by WHO. The mean Blood Lead Level was 9.36 µg/dL and 17.30 µg/dL for Factory A Factory B respectively. The use of protective equipment was 2.70 % for respirators and 79.90% reported on being provided with a piece of cloth. Conclusion: The study concludes that higher levels of lead in air was associated with the recycling processes at ULAB recycling factories. Workers in these factories had inappropriate PPE in comparison with hazards exposed. The mean Blood Lead level of the workers for factory were higher than the CDC reference value of 5µg/dL whereas at these level workers may experience health effects.
Silent struggles, challenges faced by women at workplaces in remote rural areas
Authors: S Chhabra , N Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background: Women face lots of challenges at workplaces that affect health and wellbeing. Objective: Community-based study was conducted amongst rural women to learn about workplace harmful practices in remote villages. Methods: Cross-sectional analytic study included 4500 randomly selected tribal women, between ≥20 to ≤49 years, residing in 140 villages, willing to be study subjects. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted by research assistant in villages at mutually convenient places to know about awareness of women regarding harmful practices at workplaces. Results: Of 4500 women interviewed, majority (47.2%) were of 20-29 years age, educated upto primary level (38.8%), belonged to lower-middle economic class (42.2%). Of 4500 women, 1573(35.0%) were home-makers, 2927(65.0%) working women. Of 35.0% home-makers, 84.0% said they were aware that pesticides had ill-effects, but of working women, 74.7% talked of awareness. Total 71.4% of working women reported pesticides/other harmful chemicals use at workplaces, 52.8% regularly, 47.2% occasionally, and 28.8% said that pesticides were used even when pregnant women were working. Of 2927 working women only 59.6% were aware of need for protection from pesticides / chemicals, 84.2% reported availability of some protective equipments at workplaces. Of working women, majority agricultural laborers, 83.3% reported non-availability of toilets at workplaces with challenges in body function. Conclusion: More of less educated, belonging to low economic class, working as labourers faced challenges at workplaces, less of them had awareness. There is need for stringent regulations to provide basic amenities at workplaces, cautious use of harmful agents, with special care when pregnant women are working.
Post partum rupture of hepatocellular adenoma- a rare case report
Authors: Aggarwal Ashita , Agrawal Swati , Sharma Kajal , Singh Megha , Rahul P , Manju Manju
Published: April 2024

Hepatocellular adenoma is a hormone dependent tumor of the liver. It can increase in size under the effect of hormones. It tends to increase in size under the effect of oral contraceptives (OCPs) and pregnancy. Most of the Hepatocellular Adenomas are asymptomatic and usually do not require any treatment. Hepatocellular adenoma with size <5 cm carries minimal risks and complications in terms of malignant transformation and rupture. Big adenoma in advanced gestational age has a high propensity to rupture. It is a catastrophic event which requires prompt management and treatment to save life of the patient and the fetus. There are very few cases reported of rupture of hepatocellular adenoma in ante-natal phase and none in post-partum. Here in our case report, we present a case of rupture of hepatocellular adenoma in the postpartum period, which was recognized, and timely intervention was done, and we could save the life of the patient with a good prognosis.
Correlation between tru cut biopsy and final pathology in soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Velasco Basantes Maria Augusta , Merida Juan Carlos , Noriega Alvaro Forno
Published: April 2024

Introduction: There are 50 to 60 different subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas, with a mean age of presentation in adults between 40 and 60 years and a 5-year survival rate of 64.7%. The main symptom is the appearance of a lump or tumor of variable growth, predominantly soft tissue sarcomas affecting the extremities. The diagnostic method involves taking a sample through biopsy, which is one of the main causes of recurrence. Depending on the type of biopsy used, it can alter the disease's behavior and prognosis. Therefore, the tru-cut biopsy, being an economical, minimally invasive method with rapid recovery and minimal complications, allows for the early establishment of therapeutic strategies, making it the method of choice. Materials and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study of patients with histological diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma from January 2018 to December 2020 at the Institute of Cancerology and Hospital Dr. Bernardo del Valle S. INCAN Guatemala City - Guatemala. The Tru cut biopsy was compared vs. the final pathology. Results: In 16 cases (38 %) the use of immunohistochemistry was necessary to confirm the diagnosis, the most affected age was between 49 - 68 years (40.4 %), the main histological type was pleomorphic sarcoma (23.8 %), the extremities were the most affected (38.1%) and tomography was the study that was most used (83.3%).
PENGARUH ADVOKASI GERAKAN #NiUnaMenos DALAM PENINGKATAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT AMERIKA LATIN PADA KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Putri Risna Auriel Eka
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Latin America has become one of the regions with high rates of gender-based violence in the world. As of 2021, there were 4,473 women experiencing violence in Latin American countries. The Ni Una Menos movement emerged from grassroots movements in Argentina to combat violence against women and advocate for women's rights. Through the stages of mass mobilization theory, the Ni Una Menos movement can be considered fairly successful in advocating for issues and influencing existing policies. In addition to large-scale protests, advocacy is also carried out through social media using the hashtag #NiUnaMenos, which is still used in discussions about women's rights prosecutions and discussions and advocacy regarding awareness of violence against women. This movement has also been able to compel governments in various countries to take action to reduce gender-based violence. The efforts to increase awareness through the Ni Una Menos movement may not have completely succeeded in reducing the incidence of violence against women in Latin America, but this massive and popular feminist movement has been able to spread advocacy and declare that violence against women must be eradicated. Abstrak. Amerika Latin menjadi salah satu kawasan dengan angka kekerasan berbasis gender yang tinggi di dunia. Hingga tahun 2021, terdapat 4.473 wanita mengalami kekerasan di negara-negara Amerika Latin. Gerakan Ni Una Menos hadir dari gerakan-gerakan akar rumput di Argentina untuk melawan kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan menyuarakan hak-hak perempuan. Melalui tahapan teori mass mobilization, gerakan Ni Una Menos dapat dikatakan sebagai gerakan yang cukup berhasil dalam mengadvokasi isu dan memengaruhi kebijakan yang ada. Selain melalui protes besar-besaran, advokasi juga dilakukan melalui media sosial melalui tagar #NiUnaMenos yang hingga saat ini masih digunakan dalam pembahasan penuntutan hak-hak perempuan serta diskusi dan advokasi mengenai kesadaran terhadap kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Gerakan ini juga telah mampu mendorong pemerintah di berbagai negara untuk mengambil tindakan untuk menekan angka kekerasan berbasis gender. Upaya peningkatan kesadaran melalui gerakan Ni Una Menos ini memang belum secara 100% mampu untuk menekan angka kekerasan terhadap perempuan yang terjadi di Amerika Latin, tetapi gerakan feminis yang masif dan cukup populer ini mampu menyebarkan advokasi dan menyerukan bahwa kekerasan terhadap perempuan harus dihapuskan.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENDORONG MAHASISWA DALAM MELAKUKAN KEKERASAN VERBAL TERHADAP LAKI-LAKI FEMININ
Authors: Maula Ima Ismatul , Khoiriah Wahidah Itsniattin Nur , Erliana Elien , Laelasari Neng Desti Nur
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This study aims to analyze the forms of verbal violence and the factors that encourage verbal violence against feminine men. The background of this research is the discovery of forms of discrimination or violence against feminine men in the environment around the research location. The method used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. The results and discussion in this study found three forms of verbal violence against feminine men, namely Labelling, Mocking and Negative Stereotyping. The results also show that there are five factors that encourage students to commit verbal violence against feminine men, namely Individual Factors, Environmental Factors, Family Factors, Religious Factors and Social Media Factors. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk kekerasan verbal serta faktor yang mendorong terjadinya kekerasan verbal terhadap laki-laki feminin. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya bentuk diskriminasi atau kekerasan terhadap laki-laki feminin di lingkungan sekitar lokasi penelitian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data berupa observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dan pembahasan pada penelitian ini menemukan tiga bentuk kekerasan verbal terhadap laki-laki feminin, yaitu Labelling, Mengejek dan Stereotip Negatif. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya lima faktor yang mendorong mahasiswa melakukan kekerasan verbal terhadap laki-laki feminin, yaitu Faktor Individu, Faktor Lingkungan, Faktor Keluarga, Faktor Agama dan Faktor Media Sosial.
El derecho a educarse: ciudadanía, educación y acción colectiva en la década de los noventa en Uruguay y la región
Authors: Dominzain Susana
Published: April 2024

La década de noventa resultó ser escenario de grandes cambios estructurales. En lo funda- mental se recuerda todo lo que refiere a la transformaciones económicas que daban lugar a la imposición del modelo neoliberal. En este marco la educación fue reformada para responder a cambios que, se suponía, serían a largo plazo. Precisamente este artículo da cuenta de lo sucedido en la región, en general; y en Uruguay, en particular; en el contexto de las reformas educativas durante esta década, poniendo de relieve la reconfiguración de la protesta y de la ciudadanía. Se trata de una investigación, en una fase inicial que, metodológicamente, se centra en la revisión de las actas parlamentarias y el estudio de los discursos de los diversos actores sociales, a través de la prensa. Lo anterior ha permitido ir conociendo sus motivaciones y el escenario sociopolítico, así como también el económico y cultural en el que se fraguaron dichos cambios.
La pedagogía apofática en la transmodernidad: aportes para una metodología de la desaceleración en tiempos de COVID–19
Authors: Mora García José Pascual
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo el entronque entre la pedagogía apofática y el giro transmoderno. Metodológicamente se trata de una reflexión, inspirada en la tradición crítica de la Escuela de Fráncfort, en la que se recupera la dialéctica negativa, que nos permite fundamentar epistemológicamente dicho cruce. En ese sentido, nos aporta a la construcción de las subjetividades disidentes desde las epistemologías del Sur y las teorías de la desaceleración de Zavalloni (2008). Se concluye que el modelo del apofatismo pedagógico que proponemos, nos permite desarrollar habilidades y mapas mentales, no como hojas de ruta, sino como orientaciones iniciales de deconstrucción para desacelerar y desprogramar la competitividad exacerbada, repedagogizar la vida cotidiana, desestimular el consumismo y superar el antropocentrismo patriarcal. Es un paso de la crítica geopolítica a la reconstrucción epistemológica desde el Sur.
Sections of the light cone in Minkowski 4-space
Authors: Franco Filho Antonio de Padua , Paternina Montalvo Anuar
Published: April 2024

The intersection of an affine hyperplane in L4 with the light cone C is called a conic section. In this paper, it is proved that the conic sections in L4 are either Riemannian spheres, hyperbolic spaces or horospheres, depending on the causal character of the hyperplane. Analogous results for affine sections of de Sitter and hyperbolic spaces in L4 are also presented at the end.
Periodic orbits in a seasonal SIRS model with both incidence and treatment generalized rates
Authors: Guerrero-Flores Shaday , Osuna Osvaldo , Villavicencio Pulido José Geiser
Published: April 2024

In this work, we prove that a seasonal-dependent SIRS model with general incidence and treatment rates has periodic solutions. This generalized model is analyzed using Leray-Schauder degree theory to prove the existence of a periodic solution. Finally, numerical simulations are shown to illustrate the theoretical results.
On a Family of Polyhedral Singular Vertices
Authors: Vinhas Marcel
Published: April 2024

We provide a local description of the curves with minimal length based at singularities in a family of polyhedral surfaces. These singularities are accumulation points of vertices with conical angles equal to π and 4π (or 3π, in a variation). While a part of the minimizing curves behaves quite like the ones reaching conical vertices, the singularities present features such as being connected to points arbitrarily close to them by exactly two minimizing curves. The spaces containing such singularities are constructed as metric quotients of an euclidean half-disk by certain identification patterns along its edge. These patterns are examples of what is known as paper-folding schemes, and we provide the foundational aspects about them which are necessary for our analysis. The arguments are based on elementary metric geometry and calculus.
Hölder continuous maps on the interval with positive metric mean dimension
Authors: Muentes Acevedo Jeovanny de Jesus , Romaña Ibarra Sergio Augusto , Arias Cantillo Raibel de Jesus
Published: April 2024

Fix a compact metric space X with finite topological dimension. Let C0(X) be the space of continuous maps on X and Hα(X) the space of α-Hölder continuous maps on X, for α ∈ (0, 1]. Let H1(X) be the space of Lipschitz continuous maps on X. We have
H1(X) ⊂ Hβ (X) ⊂ Hα (X) ⊂ C0 (X),     where 0 < α < β < 1.
It is well-known that if Φ ∈ H1 (H), then Φ has metric mean dimension equal to zero. On the other hand, if X is a manifold, then C0 (X) contains a residual subset whose elements have positive metric mean dimension. In this work we will prove that, for any α ∈ (0, 1), there exists Φ ∈ Hα ([0, 1]) with positive metric mean dimension.
Policrisis y Riesgos Globales en Relaciones Internacionales: una aproximación desde la Complejidad y los Sistemas Adaptativos Complejos
Authors: Moure-Peñín Leire
Published: April 2024

La sociedad internacional de nuestros días se enfrenta a una serie de crisis interconectadas que amenazan el orden, la estabilidad y el bienestar en múltiples niveles. El concepto de policrisis se refiere precisamente a esta realidad. Incide en una conjunción de riesgos globales que incluyen el cambio climático, las pandemias, la inestabilidad económica, los conflictos geopolíticos y los desplazamientos masivos, entre otros. Estas crisis no son fenómenos aislados, son interdependientes y ocasionan impactos que se amplifican y retroalimentan de manera impredecible, reflejando la intrincada red de causas y efectos que caracteriza a un mundo interconectado. Este estudio sostiene que una aproximación desde la lógica de la complejidad ofrece un enfoque valioso para analizar y comprender la naturaleza de la policrisis e invita a considerar la dinámica no lineal de los distintos riesgos globales, la capacidad adaptativa del sistema internacional y las interacciones entre las partes y el todo. Ello implica en última instancia abandonar las visiones teóricas reduccionistas del orden internacional ancladas en el racionalismo en Relaciones Internacionales.
Inteligencia Artificial y Seguridad Hídrica: desafíos y oportunidades para el Derecho de la Unión Europea
Authors: Cruz-Ángeles Jonatán
Published: April 2024

Este artículo estudia cómo la regulación de la Inteligencia Artificial puede incidir en la captación, gestión y consumo de recursos hídricos. Comenzando con un análisis riguroso de la legislación comunitaria relevante, su objetivo es el de demostrar cómo su correcta aplicación puede mejorar la eficiencia en la captación y uso del agua, así como prevenir el desperdicio y la distribución desigual, garantizando la seguridad hídrica ad futurum. Concluimos con la incorporación de una serie de propuestas de lege ferenda, orientadas a enfrentar estos desafíos y capitalizar las oportunidades que se presentan a corto y medio plazo.
De hegemonía a apropiación: una nueva agenda global y comparada para un «Derecho Internacional Centroamericano»
Authors: Villagrán-Sandoval Carlos-Arturo
Published: April 2024

Este ensayo busca definir las primeras bases conceptuales de una agenda intelectual del Derecho Internacional Centroamericano bajo la siguiente dualidad: primero, como una crítica interna de la evolución de un sistema jurídico multinivel democrático y de mercado en la región de América Central, la cual, asimismo, hace frente a las necesidades y desafíos actuales que enfrenta la región, siendo el populismo y el abuso del lenguaje de los derechos humanos; y, segundo, como una respuesta alterna y de contestación a agendas homogeneizadoras del constitucionalismo internacional y latinoamericano, promoviendo, así, la necesidad de mudarse de teorías universalistas con carácter colonizador a modelos de pensamiento comparativos.
Configurar las estrategias nacionales de lucha contra la pobreza a partir de la práctica del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU: más derechos en una gobernanza global diferente
Authors: Alija-Fernández Rosa-Ana
Published: April 2024

La pervivencia de la pobreza en el mundo, exacerbada por la sucesión de crisis en los últimos tiempos, evidencia que el actual modelo de gobernanza global no sirve para hacer frente a uno de los principales retos de la humanidad. La Agenda 2030 es el intento más reciente de reajustarlo para ponerlo al servicio de ese objetivo, entre otros. En este esfuerzo, el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU viene marcando pautas que, en virtud del Derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, los Estados deben tener en cuenta en el diseño y la aplicación de estrategias nacionales de erradicación de la pobreza. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los principales lineamientos de tales condicionantes regulatorios de las estrategias nacionales, con la vista puesta en las correcciones que puedan suponer al modelo de gobernanza global vigente.
La aplicación de la protección temporal en la Unión Europea con ocasión de la agresión rusa a Ucrania. Una respuesta sin precedentes ante una situación excepcional
Authors: Soler-García Carolina
Published: April 2024

La agresión rusa a Ucrania en febrero de 2022 ha provocado la decisión unánime del Consejo de activar, por primera vez en la historia de la UE, la Directiva 2001/55/CE de protección temporal. El presente trabajo está dedicado al estudio de la aplicación de esta Directiva, cuando se cumplen dos años desde su activación con motivo del conflicto en Ucrania, y teniendo en cuenta también las propuestas de reforma presentadas en el contexto del denominado Pacto Europeo de Migración y Asilo. Hasta la fecha, la aplicación de esta Directiva ha permitido gestionar la afluencia masiva de personas desplazadas con motivo del conflicto en Ucrania, proporcionando vías seguras y rápidas de protección y el acceso a un conjunto de derechos para todas estas personas. Si bien, todo indica que su aplicación obedece más a la excepcionalidad de la situación provocada por la invasión rusa de Ucrania, en un ámbito fuertemente condicionado por el consenso político que se pueda alcanzar entre los 27 Estados miembros, como es la acogida de una afluencia masiva de personas que necesitan protección.
Un análisis retrospectivo de la Resolución 2249 (2015) del Consejo de Seguridad: ¿un modelo para el futuro?
Authors: Obregón-Fernández Aritz
Published: April 2024

El fin de los enfrentamientos de envergadura contra el Dáesh en Siria y la expansión de los grupos terroristas por diversas zonas de África invitan a realizar un análisis retrospectivo de la Resolución 2249 (2015) del Consejo de Seguridad a fin de determinar si puede utilizarse como modelo para situaciones similares. Mediante una metodología jurídica clásica, examinamos su contenido, las posibles interpretaciones que pueden hacerse de la misma, la práctica estatal respecto a ella y, atendiendo a los elementos analizados, determinamos si puede servir de modelo para la situación que atraviesan algunas regiones de África. En el artículo concluimos que la Resolución 2249 (2015) no se refirió a ningún título jurídico de intervención, constituyéndose como una legitimación «extrajurídica» para hacer uso de la fuerza. Asimismo, dadas las condiciones específicas en las que fue aprobada y el contenido de la misma, aunque no sea descartable, resulta difícil que pueda utilizarse en el futuro.
Cervell Hortal, María José y Piernas López, Jorge Juan (dirs.). Hacia una regulación internacional para el ciberespacio. Aranzadi, Cizur Menor (Navarra), 2023, 378 pp.
Authors: Blanc-Altemir Antonio
Published: April 2024

Book Review
Quispe Remón, Florabel. El control de convencionalidad en el sistema interamericano de derechos humanos. Una apuesta arriesgada y los problemas de efectividad en la práctica. Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2023, 200 pp.
Authors: Díaz-Barrado Cástor-M.
Published: April 2024

Book Review
Torrecuadrada García-Lozano, Soledad y Rubio Fernández, Eva María (dirs.). La contribución de la Corte Internacional de Justicia al imperio del Derecho Internacional en tiempo convulsos: aproximaciones críticas. Aranzadi, Cizur Menor (Navarra), 2023, 284 pp.
Authors: López-Barrero Esther
Published: April 2024

Book Review
«Estoppel» y derecho internacional público: la búsqueda tortuosa y difusa de una «soberanía» conceptual
Authors: Bertot-Triana Harold
Published: April 2024

El trabajo analiza la institución del estoppel en su desarrollo en el derecho internacional. Identifica y discute la colocación del estoppel en derecho internacional, las características de su concepción genérica y su concepción restringida. Dentro de la concepción restringida, se pone énfasis en aquellos elementos que permiten una «soberanía » conceptual del estoppel con respecto a otras formas de compromisos jurídicos internacionales del Estado. De ahí se argumenta la operatividad de esta institución con respecto a actos unilaterales, aquiescencia y acuerdos tácitos.
AGREGAÇÃO DE COMPORTAMENTOS SEDENTÁRIOS EXCESSIVOS EM ESCOLARES
Authors: Fonseca Rodrigo Mercês Reis , Munaro Hector Luiz Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à agregação de quatro comportamentos sedentários excessivos (tempo de tela TV/semana, tempo de tela TV/final de semana, tempo de tela computador/semana, tempo de tela computador/final de semana) em escolares da rede pública de Jequié-BA Métodos: Levantamento com amostra de escolares, do ensino médio, da rede estadual de ensino em uma cidade no interior da Bahia, Brasil. Os quatro comportamentos sedentários observados foram: tempo de tela assistindo televisão durante e ao final de semana, tempo de tela usando computador/videogame durante e ao final de semana. As variáveis ​​sociodemográficas e do estilo de vida (preditores) serviram para identificar os fatores relacionados à agregação dos quatro comportamentos sedentários (desfecho). A associação foi determinada pela Razão de Prevalência (RP) com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 972 escolares, sendo maior proporção de adolescentes do sexo feminino 53,4% (n = 519), a maior prevalência dos comportamentos sedentários excessivos foi para o tempo de tela de TV e computador/videogame, aos primeiros por semana (24,6% e 25,1%). Conclusões: Houve um elevado valor de agregação (a combinação da prevalência observada foi maior que a prevalência esperada para os quatro comportamentos sedentários excessivos). Os escolares do sexo feminino apresentavam menores probabilidades de exposição ao desfecho. No entanto, aqueles que não trabalharam, que foram considerados insuficientemente ativos e que não atingiam o consumo adequado de verduras, aumentaram a probabilidade da agregação dos quatro comportamentos sedentários.
Archwilio hyder athrawon wrth fynd i’r afael â materion iechyd meddwl mewn dysgwyr ag Anawsterau Dysgu Dwys a Lluosog (PMLD) cyn ac ar ôl hyfforddiant
Authors: Devlin Eve
Published: April 2024

Mae’r gwaith ymchwil hwn yn ystyried manteision darparu hyfforddiant i weithwyr addysg proffesiynol ar faterion iechyd meddwl ymhlith dysgwyr ag anawsterau dysgu dwys a lluosog (PMLD). Mae hyn yn cynnwys codi ymwybyddiaeth, ynghyd â strategaethau a dulliau i gefnogi’r grwˆp dysgu unigryw hwn. Cynhaliwyd yr astudiaeth hon mewn ymateb i’r ymchwil bresennol, a daeth i’r casgliad bod angen hyfforddiant iechyd meddwl penodol ar weithwyr proffesiynol addysgol sy’n gweithio gyda dysgwyr ag anawsterau dysgu dwys a lluosog.
KİMYASAL, BİYOLOJİK, RADYOLOJİK ve NÜKLEER (KBRN) OLAYLARI İÇİN DEKONTAMİNASYON SOLÜSYONLARI ve TEKNİKLERİ
Authors: Karakurt Serdar , Baş Kemal
Published: April 2024

Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyolojik ve Nükleer (KBRN) kirleticiler insanların sağlığını, çevreyi tehlikeye atmakta, nüfus ve mülk için güvenlik risklerine neden olmaktadır. Irak'ta 2007 yılında meydana gelen klor gazı saldırısında 16 kişi hayatını kaybetmiş, 100'den fazla kişi de yaralanmıştır. 2013 yılında Suriye'nin Hama ilinde uçaklardan atılan patlayıcıların koku ve duman yayması sonucu 100'den fazla kişinin nefes darlığı çektiği tespit edilmiştir. KBRN olaylarında çok önemli bir adım olan dekontaminasyon, insanlar, araçlar, malzemeler, binalar ve alanlar üzerinde etkili olan kimyasal, biyolojik, radyoaktif ve nükleer maddelerin etkilerini ortadan kaldırır veya sağlık tehdidi oluşturmayacak düzeye indirir. Bu nedenle, dekontaminasyon KBRN Savaş ajanlarına karşı savunmada hayati bir rol oynamaktadır. Dekontaminantlar ile savaş ajanlarına maruz kalan yaralılar bu ajanlardan temizlenir, bu da savaş ajanının çoğunlukla fiziksel olarak uzaklaştırılması veya kimyasal olarak inaktive edilmesi ile gerçekleştirilir. Kontaminasyon fark edildiğinde, cilt dekontaminasyonu uygulayarak ve giysileri çıkararak dekontaminasyonun %90'ının bir dakika içinde gerçekleşeceği tahmin edilmektedir. Cilt ve alet dekontaminasyonu için kullanılan dekontaminantlar genellikle alkol, iyot, sodyum klorür türevlerinden üretilen ve ticari olarak satılan ürünlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu dekontaminantlar kullanılırken belirtilen konsantrasyonlarda çözülmeli, kullanım talimatlarına uyularak kullanılmalı, vücuda uygun miktarlarda uygulanmalı ve vücut için belirtilen yerlere uygulanmalıdır. Bu makale, KBRN olaylarında kullanılan dekontaminasyon solüsyonları ve tekniklerine ilişkin genel kuralları ana hatlarıyla belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Autonomous Steerable Ram-Air Type Load Parachute System Desıgn And Alternatıve Trajectory Algorıthm
Authors: Civelek Burak , Kıvrak Sinan
Published: April 2024

The required supplies should be delivered by air to places that cannot be reached by land or sea. However, air resupply requires a runway on which the aircraft can land. In order to eliminate this need, the airdrop method is used. Airdrop is a commonly used replenishment method in both humanitarian aid operations and military operations where necessary. The most important limitations of airdrop replenishment are that the cargo may be affected by the wind and fall into undesirable areas and that the aircraft is vulnerable to enemy air defense systems. In today's cross-border operations, airdrops are necessary to ensure that troops can reach the supplies they need. GPS-guided, steerable parachutes can be used for high-altitude, long-distance airdrop by protecting the aircraft from enemy air defense weapons and preventing the payload from being blown away by the wind or into the hands of undesirable persons. In this study, the design of the system required by the Turkish Armed Forces is made, the command and control unit is created and the trajectory tracking algorithm is presented.
Developing a Game-Based Learning Pedagogy for Teaching History using Napoleon Total War
Authors: StackI M , Bunt B
Published: April 2024

Current digital game-based learning (DGBL) methods for teaching history require a significant outlay in information and communications technology (ICT). This, in effect, constitutes a significant obstacle in implementing DGBL in the South African and Zimbabwean school context. Most schools do not have the infrastructure to equip entire classes with gaming-capable computers or sufficient access to electricity or the internet. This paper investigates how access to DGBL can be improved in challenged teaching and learning contexts by designing a pedagogy that is more readily adaptable to challenges presented in South African and Zimbabwean classrooms. The research uses a design-based research design where compatibility issues of DGBL are analysed with the aim of developing a more integrated approach that is then tested and evaluated in order to redesign the approach. The primary research question was: "How can Game Based Learning techniques and traditional history pedagogy be integrated to promote the use of Napoleon Total War in Southern African secondary school history classrooms?"
10.17159/2223-0386/2023/n30a3
Authors: Bharath P
Published: April 2024

This article argues that complex substantive knowledge in South African school history textbooks may challenge learners who struggle with reading and comprehension. While debates continue about the balance of substantive and procedural knowledge, both fundamental elements of history knowledge (Lee, 2004), this study employs a qualitative analysis of the substantive content within a Bernsteinian framework. Seven purposively sampled history textbooks, covering grade 3 to grade 9, across the foundation, intermediate, and senior phases of the South African school curriculum are analysed using Maton's (2013) language descriptions of context and semantics as conceptual tools. Additionally, nominalisation techniques (Coffin, 2006) are used to examine language in the text. Findings indicate significant growth in substantive knowledge manifesting through time, space, context, and semantics.1 Substantive knowledge shifts from a rudimentary and contextualised nature to a more abstract and dense form, including domain-specific conceptual knowledge. Advancing grades produce decontextualised knowledge with heightened semantic density. Increased events under study accompany greater participant diversity. A History student working with these materials would need to be highly proficient in language skills and also capable of processing substantial volumes of abstract content knowledge. Alarming statistics from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (Department of Basic Education, 2023) reveal that 81% of grade 4 learners struggle with comprehension in any language, ranking South Africa at the bottom of 57 countries. It is likely that learners would encounter difficulties with the substantive knowledge evident in these textbooks.
"I used to think ... and now I think!": Notes from a South African teacher educator
Authors: Kallaway P
Published: April 2024

What is the role of the school and the teacher in the context of democratic social transformation? How has it changed globally and in the South African context during the past fifty years? Is there room for optimism among teacher educators in the 21st century? I offer some modest reflections on my own career in the hope of provoking some debate from colleagues.
Herbicides and pinching off in birds of prey – pilot study
Authors: Peter C Leendertse , Bas Tinhout , Arnold van den Burg
Published: April 2024

In this pilot study the herbicide tembotrione was detected in three dead nestling goshawks that suffered from excessive feather loss (also known as “pinching-off”) and other internal anomalies. Tembotrione is used in maize cultivation and it blocks an essential enzyme in most plants, thereby preventing photosynthesis. It also blocks this enzyme in birds, which may lead to aberrant chick development. The three goshawk nests were located near farms with maize cultivation and it is likely that the nestlings consumed tembotrione-contaminated prey. Further study is needed to clarify any causal relationship.
Enterovirus D68 3C protease large scale purification protocol v1
Authors: Wang Korvus , fairhead michael , Williams Eleanor
Published: April 2024

This protocol details the expression and purification of enterovirus D68 3C protease construct bearing a C-terminal His-tag at large scale (>6L)
Perception of Length and Direction in Wave Motion
Authors: Lyakhovetsky V.A. , Skotnikova I.G. , Karpinskaya V.Y.
Published: April 2024

It is known that changes in the functioning of the vestibular system affect visual perception. We studied the effect of gravitoinertial impact on the sensorimotor assessment of the length and direction of segments of different orientations by the leading hand before and during the wave motion (n = 6) in comparison with the control group (n = 22). At the memorization stage, the subjects moved their leading hand along a visible segment located at different angles to the horizontal on the center of the touchscreen, and at the reproduction stage they repeated this movement in the same place on an empty screen. In both groups, when memorizing, the error in estimating the length and direction of segments was small and had no pronounced dynamics; during reproduction, a motor oblique effect was obtained, that is repulsion of segments of oblique directions from the canonical axes, vertical and horizontal. During wave motion, the length of the segment began to be estimated less accurately (movements became more hypermetric). This error pattern supports the vector encoding hypothesis, in which the direction and length of the planned movement are encoded independently of each other. Moreover, the gravitoinertial effect selectively affects the accuracy of length coding, and not the coding of the direction of movement of the leading hand.
Eye-Tracking Is a Study of the Features of the Perceptual Activity of Preschool Children with Hearing Impairment When Interacting With Visual Educational Material in the Learning Process
Authors: Smirnova Y.K.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of oculomotor activity observed during the perception of visual educational material in children with hearing impairment. The need to revise traditional methods and develop new approaches to the rehabilitation and education of children with hearing impairment is associated with the increasing technological capabilities of cochlear implantation. Previous research demonstrates that children with hearing impairments have visual attentional characteristics during a learning task compared to their hearing peers. It becomes relevant to identify how visual clarity can be built into the process of teaching children with hearing impairment and perceived by them as representing the material being presented. With the help of eye-tracking, it became possible to track the change in the nature of perceptual activity in children with hearing impairment with different forms of visual stimulus educational material. The question is raised about the influence of visual cues on the success of solving problems in children with hearing impairment and how they direct the attention of children with hearing impairment, reducing cognitive load, providing depth of information processing. In order to fix the restructuring of the perceptual activity of preschool children with hearing impairment under the influence of learning influence during the experiment, we monitored the dependence of the specificity of the child's eye movements on the form of visual presentation of educational material. The study sample consisted of 9 cochlear-implanted preschool children with sensorineural hearing loss from 4 to 6 years. Eye movement was recorded using a portable eye tracker in the form factor of Pupil Labs glasses. 4 series of experiments were proposed using the educational task "classification of objects". In 4 series of the experiment, the presence explicit and hidden prompts changed, the black-and-white and color solution of the most stimulating educational material changed. It has been shown that the use of different types of cue stimuli and color scheme leads to a shift in visual attention to the target area, facilitates processing, leads to more intensive processing of stimuli, and reduces the time we need to respond to information occurring in this given space.
The Effectiveness of the Method of Imaginative Psychotherapy as Psychocorrectional Treatment for Idiopathic Infertility
Authors: Itskovich M.M. , Polyakova I.G. , Symanyuk E.E.
Published: April 2024

The article provides results of research into the impact of psychosomatic factors on successful conception in patients with idiopathic infertility who undergo treatment in the department of infertile marriage and ART of the Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care. Infertility-related psychological targets and their correction by imaginative psychosomatic psychotherapeutic techniques can be a way to provide a solution to the infertility problem. A method to reduce the effect of distress hormones on the target reproductive function body organs was developed and tested. This method is rooted in the knowledge of neuroendocrine regulation of reproductive processes. The psychotherapeutic correction was based on the approaches of emotional-figurative therapy as a way to reduce the extremeness of living conditions while undergoing infertility treatment. Psychodynamic indicators of socio-psychological maladaptation, volitional tension, behavior constructiveness in distress situations, psychovegetative coefficient of ergicity were selected as the effectiveness criteria.
Representation in the Interests of the Civil Law Association
Authors: Ayusheeva I. Z.
Published: April 2024

The norms governing the institution of representation are still not clearly defined in the science of civil law: the concepts of representation and authority, which are the central categories of this institution, remain controversial. In the case of representation, the legal capacity of the representative is joined to the legal capacity of the represented, which is confirmed by the relevant powers. Thus, both the representative and the represented person must have legal personality.

At the same time, the legal status of civil law associations that are not recognized as subjects of civil law relations but are able to make decisions with legal consequences remains uncertain. How can the interests of such an association be represented in relations with third parties? Are the provisions of the institution of representation applicable to the regulation of these relations? The paper concludes that in some cases, the provisions of the institution of representation can be applied to relations involving civil law associations, when the circle of their participants is specifically defined and their interests coincide — a representative can act on behalf of and in the interests of each of the participants of such a community.

However, the possibility of collective representation of the common interests of persons whose circle is not precisely defined needs to be clarified. The issue of applying the provisions regulating direct representation requires special attention in cases where the general interests of the civil law community do not correspond to the private interests of an individual participant. In this sense, it seems that when specifying the circle of community members, the application of the provisions on representation is possible by virtue of the indication of the law and the decision of the meeting. However, the category of common interests of the represented persons needs to be clarified.
Trends in the Development of the Public Administration System
Authors: Rossinskiy B. V.
Published: April 2024

The paper considers specifics of narrow and broad approaches to public administration that existed in the USSR and the Russian Federation, as well as the modern concept of public administration related to the exercise of public power. The causes and periods of the emergence of these concepts are determined. Since public power unites state bodies and local self-government bodies, it is proposed to understand the term «public administration» integrally — as joint, coordinated managerial actions of state and municipal bodies. It is argued that, despite the differences in these concepts, the directions of development of the public administration system are determined by the same trends. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of development of this system, three similar trends are identified. It is shown that the first trend causes a permanent increase in the number of governing bodies (subjects) included in the public administration system. It is determined that at the same time, information communications in the public administration system are growing. Given this circumstance, it is concluded that the second trend in the development of the system is the complication of the architectonics of information communication channels during the transition from one system of public administration to the next generation system, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of management in new socio-economic conditions. It is argued that public administration is carried out through the simultaneous implementation of different management approaches, in particular, centralization and decentralization of management, the use of cybernetic and synergetic tools. In this regard, the third trend in the development of the system under consideration is the transition to a new ideology of convergence of various management mechanisms.