bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Residual Stress Effect on the Flexural Strength of Porcelain Tiles Formulated from Locally Available Materials in Uganda
Authors: Ochen William , Mutonyi D'ujanga Florence , ORURU Bosco
Published: March 2020

Quartz is an inexpensive raw material used in the production of porcelain tiles. The presence of quartz prevents pyroplastic deformation during sintering. However, the use of quartz particle size exceeding 32 µm has a deleterious effect on the flexural strength of porcelain tiles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microstructure and residual stress on the flexural strength of porcelain tiles formulated with different quartz particle sizes, within the range of 45 to 200 µm. The samples made of kaolin, feldspar and quartz were mixed in the ratio of 5:3:2 respectively, and die pressed at 40 MPa. Afterwards, the green body was sintered at 1300 0C for 2 hours at a rate of 60 0C/min. The microstructure of the sintered body was characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine the nature and size of the pores. In addition, the residual stress was evaluated based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and corroborated with SEM. The flexural strength was determined using three points loading method. The samples formulated with quartz particle size of 45 µm exhibited smooth granules, and isolated pores within the range of 3-8 µm. But, those with 200 µm particles size exhibited rough granules, and interconnected pores between 10-34 µm. Initially, there was an increase in the residual stress, but above 90 µm particle size, it decreased due to evolution of cracks.  Also, an increase in quartz particle size resulted in a decline in flexural strength from  to  MPa. These results show that increasing quartz particle size affected the pore morphology and the residual stresses. Therefore, fine quartz particle milling should be taken into account for further improvement of flexural strength.
Morphology, anatomy, palynology and achene micromorphology of Bellis L. (Asteraceae) species from Turkey
Authors: Karahan Faruk
Published: March 2020

In the present study, the morphological
characters, root, stem and leaf anatomy, pollen and achene micromorphology of Bellis L. species (Bellis annua L., B. perennis
L. and B. sylvestris Cirillo)
distributed in Turkey have been investigated on light and scanning electron
microscope. Palynological analysis showed that pollen characters were found as
small to medium size, isopolar, radially symmetrical, oblate spheroidal and
prolate spheroidal, tricolporate and echinate-perforate ornamentation in the
three species. Achene characters were found dark brown to yellow in colour, often
cylindrical, compressed, with thickened margin, obovate orobovoid shaped,
pappus absent and the coat ornamentations are rectangular with short hairs on the
surface. As a result of this study, leaf morphology and some pollen
characteristics such as pollen size, shape, perforation and distance between
spines were demonstrated to be different among the Bellis species.
The impact of drying on bioactive compounds of blue honeysuckle berries (Lonicera caerulea var. edulis Turcz. ex Herder)
Authors: Senica Mateja , Stampar Franci , Ercisli Sezai , Sladonja Barbara , Poljuha Danijela , Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja
Published: March 2020

Drying fruit is one of the simplest ways to extend the shelf-life of fruit, especially berries. Both higher temperature and time of heating significantly change the contents of some primary and secondary metabolites in honeysuckle fruit. Differences in their contents arising from different heat treatments were determined with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrophotometry (MS). The content of sugars showed a small change with drying, while organic acid contents decreased with a longer drying time. Ascorbic acid was totally degraded, regardless of the time or heating temperature. Different phenolic groups responded differently to heat intensity and time of drying. Flavanols were more sensitive to higher temperature than to duration of heating and they decreased by more than 70% at 75 °C. In contrast, the content of hydroxycinnamic acids, increased with drying by more than 75%, regardless of the time and temperature.
Editorial: la evolución y el desarrollo de la cognición animal en la comprensión de la mente humana
Authors: Rozo Jairo A. , Perez-Acosta Andrés M.
Published: March 2020

Los seres humanos tenemos comportamiento, cognición y emociones, gracias a que somos animales. Sin embargo, durante milenios, la psicología filosófica occidental se vio atrapada en un miope solipsismo. Por ejemplo, en el dualismo cartesiano, los seres humanos se distinguieron de los animales justamente por su capacidad de pensamiento consciente (res cogitans), mientras que los animales se restringieron a ser concebidos como máquinas fisiológicas (res extensa) que funcionan por reflejo. Esta visión jerárquica hace parte de las metáforas pre-darwinianas de la evolución -scala naturae- que seguían la tradición Aristotélica y Tomasina (Rozo, Carrillo & Pérez-Acosta, 2018), que concebía a los humanos por encima de los animales, las plantas y los objetos inanimados; en segundo lugar después de Dios. Este orden, condujo a teólogos y filósofos empiristas o racionalistas a compartir el narcisismo antropocéntrico.
El papel de la experiencia visual previa en el desarrollo de habilidades de permanencia de objetos en delfines nariz de botella (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Pérez-Manrique Ana , Gomila Antoni
Published: March 2020

La permanencia de los objetos, la capacidad de representar objetos ocultos, no se ha evaluado ampliamente en los cetáceos y la evidencia disponible es contradictoria. Aunque se cree que los delfines nariz de botella (Tursiops truncatus) están dotados de las capacidades cognitivas necesarias para aprobar pruebas complejas de permanencia de objetos, han fallado en una serie de tareas que involucran desplazamientos invisibles, lo que plantea la cuestión de si logran la permanencia de los objetos maestros. La falta de comprensión de la contención o la falta de experiencia en el seguimiento de objetos ocultos tanto de la vista como de la ecolocación pueden explicar estos resultados inesperados. El objetivo del presente estudio fue probar estas dos hipótesis en una serie de tareas de desplazamiento visibles e invisibles con delfines nariz de botella. Nuestros resultados sugieren que los delfines pueden tener éxito en tareas complejas de permanencia de objetos, pero solo si tienen experiencia visual previa con los movimientos de objetos dentro de otros objetos. Por lo tanto, estos resultados apuntan a un papel importante de la experiencia visual en el desarrollo de habilidades de permanencia de objetos.
Estrés en el colegio. Dos variables para reflexionar
Authors: Karam Rozo Jorge Mario , Parra Cristian , Urrego Gustavo , Castillo Camilo
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo es resultado de un proyecto perteneciente al programa Mindfulness en el colegio del grupo de investigación Origen. La investigación se realizó en dos instituciones distritales de educación en la ciudad de Bogotá, ubicadas en la localidad de Engativá y en Suba. Este estudio cuantitativo con mediciones pre y postest, buscó determinar la correlación que hay entre la práctica de mindfulness, la empatía y el estrés escolar. Para ello, se realizó un trabajo durante seis meses con dos cursos del grado sexto, que constituyeron el grupo experimental y el grupo control. La investigación evidenció cambios significativos en los estudiantes que realizaron la práctica de mindfulness (grupo experimental): a mayor empatía, mayor tranquilidad para rendir en las materias. En particular, en la medición pretest se demostró un grado alto de estrés escolar relacionado con la preocupación de los estudiantes frente a sus padres por su rendimiento académico.
Breve análisis histórico descriptivo de la educación en Colombia
Authors: Pérez Vargas John Jairo , Idarraga Gallego María Fernanda
Published: March 2020

En el presente artículo se busca hacer un breve análisis descriptivo e histórico de algunos de los principales acontecimientos que caracterizaron la educación colombiana con el fin de identificar un panorama que permita la contextualización y comprensión del fenómeno educativo en Colombia posterior al siglo XVI, para ello, se propone identificar algunos ítems históricos de corte temporal lineal en distribución por centurias, finalizando en una perspectiva de tendencias en el siglo XXI. En este recorrido se elabora un análisis de algunas de las características más relevantes que han determinado los cursos de la educación en Colombia, identificando el papel de la religión, la política, los gobiernos y la influencia extranjera, entre otros. Se ofrece un breve panorama general de la historia de la educación colombiana, permitiendo con ello el reconocimiento de algunas de las configuraciones de los factores pedagógicos y educativos más insignes que han marcado hitos en la educación nacional.
El acceso a la atención en el Gran Buenos Aires. Un análisis de la problemática en el marco del derecho a la salud
Authors: Ariovich Ana
Published: March 2020

El trabajo desarrolla algunos lineamientos teóricos que ubican al acceso a los servicios como una dimensión relevante en la problemática de la equidad en el ejercicio del derecho a la salud.

En ese marco, y desde una perspectiva que busca articular las dinámicas desplegadas en las instituciones de salud y los comportamientos de las familias que forman parte del área de referencia de tales establecimientos, el objetivo es analizar el acceso efectivo a la atención. Con este propósito se indaga sobre la periodicidad de las consultas y el lugar que ocupa las prestaciones del primer nivel en la utilización del sistema sanitario en dos municipios de Gran Buenos Aires[1]: Malvinas Argentinas y San Fernando.

El diseño del estudio es descriptivo y analítico. Triangula datos secundarios cuantitativos (resultantes de una encuesta probabilística a hogares de ambos municipios) con información primaria cualitativa. Esta última, es producto de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a los profesionales de los centros que integran el primer nivel y a la población que los utiliza.

Se concluye que la frecuencia con que las familias asisten a estos establecimientos es –en general- adecuada; se destaca el rol desempeñado por las trabajadoras sociales. No obstante, la atención por demanda espontánea ocupa un lugar desestimable en estas instituciones de puerta de entrada al sistema sanitario, ocasionando importantes barreras en el acceso a la salud.
Análisis de la igualdad y la no discriminación en el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos: El caso de los migrantes económicos
Authors: Palacios Sanabria María Teresa , Torres-Villarreal María Lucía
Published: March 2020

La migración es una realidad global que aumenta cada día, plantea nuevas perspectivas de análisis y es compleja por la multiplicidad de causas y consecuencias que implica; por ello, un sinnúmero de personas abandonan sus lugares de origen para establecerse en un territorio de destino con lo que esto representa en términos sociales, jurídicos y económicos. En el desarrollo del marco jurídico internacional alrededor de la migración, podría pensarse que sus disposiciones resultan aplicables tanto a nacionales como extranjeros y no podría existir antinomia; sin embargo, al hacer un análisis dogmático de algunas de las fuentes normativas e informes que conforman dicho marco, se puede evidenciar que ciertas exclusiones menoscaban expresamente los derechos de los extranjeros y con ello, premisas básicas de los derechos humanos. Este artículo plantea una reflexión desde la aplicación del principio de igualdad y no discriminación para el caso de los migrantes económicos, pues aparentemente se legitima una discriminación por un motivo prohibido, es decir, existe una dificultad respecto de la igualdad formal, lo que conlleva la limitación en la práctica de varios derechos y hace más compleja la comprensión de la atribución de los derechos humanos desde su valor intrínseco.
Some issues of legal regulation of the land tax in Ukraine and foreign countries
Authors: Makuch O.
Published: March 2020

Problem setting. One of the basic principles of land law is the principle of payment for land use, which is enshrined in the Land Code of Ukraine and provides for the payment (in monetary terms) of the object, which is transferred to the property or use of the respective entity.

At present, the essence of the principle of payment for land use is also revealed through the existence of a legal mechanism for payment of land, which includes land tax and rent for land of state and communal property (rent). These payments are provided for by the Tax Code of Ukraine. Land payment is a significant source of local budget revenue and is the second largest source of income after the personal income tax.

Analysis of recent researches. A lot of scientists, in particular: M. P. Kucheryavenko, T. M. Shulga, E. M. Bogatyryova, Yu. I. Plotnikova, and others are trying to cover some aspects of modern legal regulation of land taxation.

Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the study of the modern legal regulation of land tax in Ukraine and foreign states. The experience of OECD countries is explored.

The author found that each state has a fairly well-established land tax model that provides for effective tax rates and benefits, an objective tax base, and so on. At the same time, differentiated taxation in different countries varies in terms of taxation, tax base, rates, methods of tax collection, fiscal powers of different levels of government, scope and amount of privileges, etc. A common feature of these countries is that in the rampant countries, the proceeds from the payment of a real estate tax or a pure land tax are directed to the development of urban infrastructure, so it is profitable for citizens to pay this tax. At the same time, the most effective systems of land taxation operate in the countries with developed land and real estate market, since the efficiency of taxation and increase of tax revenues to the budgets depend on the completeness of accounting of the objects of taxation.

Conclusions and prospects for the development. Therefore, we consider it expedient and logical to apply the land valuation used in OECD countries. Unlike land valuation (currently in use in Ukraine), mass valuation makes it more fair to assess the taxation of land and its objects from the point of view of the objective distribution of the tax burden in the context of constant changes in the real estate market.
About the specifics of functioning and support at the regional level of innovative structures of the national innovation system in Ukraine
Authors: Zavadska A.
Published: March 2020

Problem setting . The modern intensive development of the national innovation system determines the expansion offorms of interaction both between the subjects of the national innovation system and with other participants in a widerange of legal relationships. In this respect, the importance of positive interaction at the regional level of local selfgovernmentbodies and actors of the innovation system.

Analysis of recent researches and publications . The issues of essence, formation, structure and legal regulation ofthe national innovation system and innovative structures were explored in their works as scientist-economists, such asN.M Bunyak, V.B Butorina, O.O Lyakhovets, E.V Kosovan, and legal scholars: Yu. E. Atamanova, S. V Hlibko,E. A Novikov, L. V Tsindenova, A. V. Strizhkov. Scientific researches on development of innovative activity, forms ofinteraction of local authorities and subjects of national innovation system were carried out by S.V Glibko,I. Yu. Matyushenko, M.S Pasmore and other.

Target of research . The purpose of the study is to analyze theoretical and regulatory approaches to understandingthe term «national innovation system» and its content in Ukraine and the EU, to study the legal problems of the functioningof certain types of innovation structures in Ukraine, as well as to identify the most common and effective forms of suchinteraction at the regional level of local authorities self-government and subjects of the national innovation system.

Article’s main body . Innovative infrastructures primarily operate in the form of a limited liability company. This isdue to the presence of a number of advantages in the creation and activities of such legal entities.

Regarding regional support for innovation, the following should be noted. To date, there has been a distribution offunding for the design and implementation of activities aimed at discussing the innovative development of the territorialcommunity, and the creation and implementation of new innovative inventions and projects.

Conclusions and prospects for the development. Implementation of the legislation of Ukraine on development ofinnovations, as well as interaction between local self-government bodies and subjects of the national innovation systemare carried out mainly at the level of financing of individual projects, through tenders and grants. The analysis of KharkivCity Council acts shows that the prospect of innovation development in Kharkiv is high.
State and local warranties as forms of state support of economic subjects
Authors: Dmytryk O. , Tokarieva K.
Published: March 2020

Problem setting. The legal regulation of relations regarding the provision of state and local guarantees is carried out by the rules of both financial and civil and commercial law. At the same time, according to the fair warning of scientists, the priority of financial and legal regulation over the private law is observed, which is caused by the public-legal nature of the social relations analyzed. This is quite logical. It should be noted that all forms of state aid to economic entities enshrined in the Law of Ukraine “On State aid to economic entities” are characterized by certain features, not an exception state and local guarantees. In particular, the difference from the guarantee from other forms of state (public) assistance is that when it is provided, there is no obligation to make expenditures, that is, to spend funds in accordance with the approved budget program, and a contingent debt of a public entity providing this type of state aid is formed. , – guaranteed debt

Despite the fact that forms of state support have already been the subject of scientific research by such scientists as S.V. Glibko, D.V. Zadykhaylo, T.O. Melnik, V.A. Ryadinskaya, V.A. Ustimenko, and others, legal regulation of state and local guarantees in Ukraine needs careful analysis. In view of the above, the purpose of the article is to review the legal mechanism for granting state (local) guarantees.

Article’s main body. The doctrinal approaches to defining state and local guarantees are considered, the substantive characteristics of the latter are highlighted. The legal mechanism for providing this form of state support to economic entities is analyzed. It is emphasized that the provision of state (local) guarantees is a rather difficult form of support for business entities. In our view, the legal mechanism for providing them requires some adjustments. In particular, it is necessary to eliminate, so to speak, double standards in defining the terms of granting state guarantees.

Conclusions and prospects for the development. State (local) guarantees are characterized by a public nature, since the procedure for their provision is governed by public law; obligatory parties in the legal relationship for granting such guarantees are public authorities (in particular, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, etc.) and local self-government bodies (relevant city councils); the imperative order of their provision and the inequality of participants are enshrined.
DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MALTA: RESEARCH BASE OF INFORMATION SOURCES
Authors: Verbenets Anna
Published: March 2020

In the present article the source base of the research has been defined in accordance with the stages of inclusive education development in Republic of Malta (denial, acceptance, awareness, inclusion). The main groups of historical and pedagogical works aimed at studying and generalizing of investigation material have been allocated and described. The source base of the research includes documentary (documents providing legislation and guidance for inclusive education in Malta), analytical sources that highlight historical and pedagogical process of inclusive education development in Republic of Malta, scientific pedagogical periodicals that contain descriptions of practical experience of implementing inclusive education in various types of educational establishments in Republic of Malta. Within the article the source base periods of study according to the stages of development of inclusive education of the Republic of Malta. The researcher determines the valuable study and extrapolation of the positive experience of the Republic of Malta, which occupies a leading position among EU countries not only through the development of legislative and normative provision of inclusive education, the creation of innovative educational institutions (resource centers), the preparation of competent pedagogical staff, but also the formation of a special value the attitude towards children with special educational problems, which manifests itself in the respect and recognition of the diversity of students. The article establishes the source of the study of the inclusive education of the Republic of Malta. The following methods were used to solve this goal: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific sources: psychological and pedagogical literature systematization and generalization, foreign and domestic scientists' works, legal documents and statistical data of the Republic of Malta for the disclosure of key concepts of the study; problem-chronological to determine the chronology of the formation and development of inclusive education in the Republic of Malta.
UKRAINIAN PRIVATE GYMNASIUM AS A CENTER OF LITERATURE AND ART LIFE OF KREMENETS
Authors: Vasylyshyn Oleg
Published: March 2020

Literary and artistic life of the Ukrainian Private Gymnasium named after Ivan Steshenko was an integral part of the dynamic political, cultural and educational life of community in the town of Kremenets in the 20’s of the XX century. The author of the article, based on the relevance of the topic, based on objective analysis, using both archival sources and multi-lingual literature, analyzed literary and artistic facts that had a great influence on the formation of the Ukrainian elite of Volyn. It was the Ukrainian Gymnasium that contributed to Ukrainian literature the names of Ulas Samchuk, Cyril Kotsyuk-Kochinsky, Oksana Lyaturinskaya, Maria Kavun-Kreminyarivska, Yuriy Mulik-Lutzyk and others. The analysis of the cases of the Ternopil regional state archive allowed the author to analyze the documentary materials that make up several hundred issues of the fund number 351. Some diary of the work of teachers, on the basis of records you can learn about the versatile orientation of learning and education. The facts of the visit to Kremenets Gymnasium Bohdan Lepky in 1935, which in the conversation with the students reminded us that Vyacheslav Lipinsky is also the son of Volyn land. A special page of the activity of the gymnasium was written by the work of the Gymnasium circle «Postup», the content of which was the reading of literature - from Drahomanov to Vynnychenko, from Mikhnovsky to Dontsov, from nationalist publications to the «Public Voice». The author analyzes the process of teaching the Ukrainian language and literature in the gymnasium and emphasizes the literary work of the teachers of the Ukrainian language and literature - Sofia Orlovskaya in the gymnasium and Filimon Kulchinsky in the seminary. Only during the lectures, at evening rallies, in the preparation of academies, they threw grain in the young souls. They did not teach us politics, they simply taught us to think and understand us ... ". Both of them were fond of Lesya Ukrainka, Kotsiubynsky, not mentioning already about Shevchenko, whose image, as Orlovsky said, should be kept under holy images. The Ukrainian gymnasium brought out the great literature of Ulas Samchuk, Kirill Kutsyuk-Kochinsky, Oksana Lyaturinskaya, Maria Kavun-Kreminyarivska, Yuriy Mulik-Lutsk, and others. writer Ulas Samchuk wrote a autobiographical novel "Youth of Vasily Sheremety" about the gymnasium period of life, and in memoirs "On a white horse" and "On horse-raven" a lot of space was devoted to the Kremenets of that time, the Ukrainian gymnasium. It is "Youth of Vasily Sheremety" that gives a convex picture of the literary and artistic preference of the students who arranged disputes on the works of G. Chuprynky, M. Voronoi, O. Olesya, P. Tychyna, V. Vynnychenko's collective readings on the literary-creative association «Youth». It is concluded that a private gymnasium in Kremenets played a big role in the life of the region, and a whole bunch of Ukrainian writers whose names were immortalized in the memorial tables.
Features of Establishment of the Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church in Conditions of Ongoing Russian Agression
Authors: Zdioruk Serhii
Published: March 2020

The essence and need for the establishment of the Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church are revealed. It shows a direct correlation between the assertion of independence of Ukrainian Orthodoxy from the Moscow Patriarchate and the consolidation of Ukrainian society and the strengthening of national security of Ukraine.
A dangerous challenge for the Ukrainian people is that we were forced to realize our ethno-religious identity not through world structures (the Vatican, the Ecumenical Patriarchate, and so on), but through Russian Orthodox fundamentalism, obscurantism, and primitive rite of passage, as a result of the inadequate policy of our guides for decades after the restoration of state independence.
The article shows the threats to the national interests and national security of the state created by the activities of the Moscow Patriarchate in Ukraine. Russia now considers the use of inter-Orthodox relations as one of the effective mechanisms against the consolidation of the Ukrainian people for the approval of the Ukrainian local Orthodox Church.
It is stated that as a result of the deconsolidation of the Ukrainian Orthodox community, Ukraine will lose the potential of Ukrainian citizens. It is noted that the assertion of the Ukrainian local Orthodox Church is equal to the establishment of the national Church, regardless of other foreign religious centres.
The recommendations suggest measures, in particular legislative ones, for the democratic settlement of public-religious and state-Church relations in order to consolidate Ukrainian society. They should help ensure the realization of the national interests of the Ukrainian people in the conditions of modern Russian aggression.
Keywords: Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church, national interests of Ukraine, Russian aggression, hybrid war, establishment, international religious relations.
“Red Lines” of Modern Geopolitical Confrontations: Role of Political and Legal Values in Hybrid Warfare Era
Authors: Zubchenko Serhii
Published: March 2020

The article analyses the place of political and legal values (in particular, the principles of international law) in the modern system of international relations. It is stated that Russia artificially creates hotbeds of instability and terrorism around the world to put pressure on certain states. Russia’s unlawful actions have also created a notable international precedent which goes beyond regional or continental security concerns. The author defines three main points: which state became the victim of aggression, who was the aggressor and how other states acted. Some current topical problems on the global diplomatic agenda, notably, concerning the international legal response to the Russian military aggression against Ukraine and acts of state terror-ism all around the world, carried out by Russia within the framework of the hybrid war, are highlighted. Considerations regarding the importance of trust as a vital element of interstate relations, the lack of which provokes conflicts, leads to the encapsulation of states, making it impossible for them to achieve sustainable and progressive development and to solve urgent common issues, are studied. It is noted that by the fourth year of the Russian-Ukrainian War some Western diplomatic circles have started to gradually analyze the Russian question, in particular, regarding the revision of the methodology for responding to Russian actions. The author stresses out that the issue of annexation of Crimea and Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine cannot be removed from the international agenda until the territorial integrity of Ukraine and the just punishment of the aggressor are restored.
To prevent the escalation of current negative geopolitical tendencies to the level of uncontrolled, it is necessary to follow a number of fundamental points, in particular the inviolability of the principles of international law, prompt response to obvious violations of this law, the inevitability of legal liability of violators of international law.
In this context, the author asserts the necessity to ensure absolute adherence to the principles of international law as “rules of the game” of the geopolitical club and “red lines”, going beyond which generates uncontrolled processes of global scale, as well as the need to maintain international sanctions against the aggressor country – the Russian Federation – and entities, individuals and groups, affiliated with the Putin regime.
Keywords: Russian military aggression against Ukraine, international law, political and legal values, principles of international law, diplomacy, foreign policy, national security, geopolitics, hybrid war.
State-Forming Principles Of Kyivan Rus: Spirituality, Education, Diplomacy (Dedicated To The 1030th Anniversary of Rus-Ukraine Baptism)
Authors: Denysenko Volodymyr
Published: March 2020

In the article, the author describes the features of Christian culture, which, in his opinion, represents the spiritual face of the era. It is stated that the Church in Kyivan Rus as a social creation contributed to the national unification and formation of Rus statehood, and on the basis of the unity of the Orthodox faith, national consciousness also increased. The author of the article emphasizes that with the adoption of Christianity, Rus became a full participant in the world historical process and the cultural Byzantine tradition. In particular, international trade and diplomatic relations developed more actively, and the national consciousness of young Rus was formed.
The author summarizes the historiographical references and literary monuments of the 11th century. First of all, he examines the chronicle of Nestor the Chronicler, a monk of the Kyiv-Pechersk monastery, Instruction of Volodymyr Monomakh. A wide range of socio-political, religious and philosophical issues of the then society is defined. He reconstructs the school system of education of the then era and shows that the spread of Christianity contributed to the spread of education in the territory of Rus-Ukraine.
The author believes that the historical experience of the achievements of the Christian life of Kyivan Rus will certainly serve the development of social and religious relations at the present stage, and the creation of a single local Orthodox Church is one of the most important national goals of Ukraine. The study of state-Church relations is impossible without taking into account the peculiarities of secular and confessional scientific circles, because they form an idea of understanding the problem within the Church and the state. Only the totality of this and other knowledge can form an idea of modern models of state-Church relations, determine ways of improvement, approve democracy, and so on.
The article notes that there are very few domestic scientists who study Ukrainian religious and philosophical opinion in Ukraine.
Keywords: Kyivan Rus, Christianity, cultural and spiritual life, Church, education system.
Ukrainian Dance – Global Hallmark (Dedicated to the Anniversary of the National Honoured Dance Ensemble of Pavlo Virsky)
Authors: Vernyhor Dmytro
Published: March 2020

The article is concerned with life and creative path of P. Virskyi and the ensemble he leads in the context of cultural diplomacy. The author analyses that the aspiration to create realistic and folk plays by nature has influenced the artist in his exploring and further developing the folk dance. Therefore, applying the experience of folk talents, Virskyi was committed to create characters of Ukrainian stage dance, expanded and enriched its expressiveness.
Pavlo Virskyi directed some choreographic performances already in the first days of his activity as choreographer, but his actual work on the formation of the Ukrainian stage dance started in 1936, particularly following successful performance of the outstanding theatrical play “Zaporozhets za Dunaiem” (Eng. A Zaporizhian (Cossack) Beyond the Danube).In 1937, Virskyi and Bolotov organized the first ever in Ukraine folk dance ensemble and quit Taras Shevchenko National Opera and Ballet Theatre of Ukraine, where they headed a ballet group. The choreographers involved in the ensemble skilled young people as well as a team of experienced ballet dancers, among whom was M. Ivashchenko − their old friend and companion, brilliant performer of folk dances. Later B. Tairov and I. Kurylov engaged in choreographic process.
The ensemble captured people’s attention, successfully performing at the VI World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow in the summer of 1957. The group of youngsters of the ensemble attained the title of winners of the VI World Festival and was awarded gold medals and the first-place diploma (soloists V. Kotliar, L. Zastrozhnova, H. Chapkis, N. Birka, L. Sarafanov, B. Mokrov, V. Holyk).
Artists of the dance ensemble of the Ukrainian SSR performed for the audience from many countries of the world: Poland, Czechoslovakia, China, Vietnam, Cuba, Angola, France, Austria, Portugal, Spain, Belgium, USA, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela. All of the countries equally acknowledged the ensemble.
The troupe performances abroad not only were a great success, but also sparked a massive political resonance.
The national press continuously wrote about the unsurpassed art created by renowned Ukrainian choreographer P. Virskyi and his invaluable contribution to the development of Ukrainian folk dance choreography. V. Korniichuk, Honoured Journalist of Ukraine, author of the article “To pioneer of Ukrainian folk dance” noticed the festive concert dedicated to the 90-annivarsary of P. Virskyi’s birth. In his speech before the concert, Y. Stanishevskyi, Doctor of Arts, Honoured Art Worker of Ukraine, member of the International Academy of Dance, declared, “P. Virskyi is a distinguished master of choreography, director and pioneer of Ukrainian folk dance, who not only formed a unique dance group, but also glorified Ukraine on all continents by the high art.”
Keywords: cultural diplomacy, Ukrainian folk dance, art, artistic view, Virskyi.
Ukraine in the Strategic Plans of Polish Politicians at the End of World War I
Authors: Zemskyi Yurii , Diachok Valerii
Published: March 2020

The article analyses the content of the strategies used by leading Polish politicians for the revival of Polish statehood. Those strategies were adjusted by leading Polish politicians in accordance with major shifts in international relations on the eve and during World War I. Polish politicians defended their national interests, with regard to the sentiment and demands of the war-time and post-war Polish society. Sometimes they lacked the political will to make unpopular decisions, nevertheless balanced from the standpoint of historical justice.
The authors of the article analyse the Polish historiography, namely a certain tradition, ac-cording to which the process of the revival of the Polish national state of the early 20th century is presented in somewhat glowing terms, with elements of exaggeration. The nature and causes of pro-Russian aspirations of the National-Democratic Party headed by Roman Dmowski as well as Germanophilia of Social Democrats headed by Józef Piłsudski are explained. The positions of the mentioned political leaders and their differences are highlighted.
J. Piłsudski and R. Dmowski shared a common goal which consisted in the revival of an independent Polish state. However, their strategic calculations for how to achieve it focused on the opposite sides of the conflict in World War I. Since Ukraine became a field of clash of competitive forces at that time, the Ukrainian question was an indispensable component of the plans of Polish politicians.
The article shows the place and role of Ukraine in the leading concepts of Polish politicians. The importance of flexibility of tactical actions in the field of international relations is justified as a prerequisite for the maximum realization of strategic national interests.
This historical experience is enlightening and encourages us to look more closely at the essence of past events, to analyse them and compare the behaviour of our politicians with the actions of competing national forces.
Keywords: World War I, Ukraine, Roman Dmowski, Józef Piłsudski, strategies, Entente, Central Powers.
The Geopolitical Trap: the Hetmanate and the Entente (1918)
Authors: Hai-Nyzhnyk Pavlo
Published: March 2020

The article describes the geopolitical position of the Ukrainian State since the proclamation of P. Skoropadsky as Hetman of all Ukraine until the ousting of the Hetmanate in 1918. It is noted that the beginning of this period is the end of the First World War. Germany, which was an ally of the Ukrainian State, provided its troops to protect it from the Bolsheviks, is defeated. In this regard, there were a number of challenges in the foreign policy of the Hetmanate. The Ukrainian State is forced to look for ways to establish ties with the Entente countries. The author states that first agreements were concluded with neutral states, though it was planned to establish diplomatic relations with the Entente countries. To implement this, reliance was placed on the Ukrainian Embassy in Berlin. However, later this process took place through the mediation of the French Consul E. Enno in the Romanian city of Iași. The author examines the role of I. Korostovets in the implementation of Ukrainian diplomacy. The article provides an insight into the events that took place within the country. There was a confrontation between representatives of different parties and members of the government. The question of the need to change the legal and state status of the country and its foreign policy orientation put the country and its political elite on the brink of a split. It is analyzed the real reasons for the publication of the letters of the Hetman and their impact on internal and external challenges. The author highlights the influence of the Directorate on the external relations of the country. Following its arrival in power, it became known that one of the main goals of the Directorate was to capture Kyiv as soon as possible for the final overthrow of the hetman’s power and proclamation of the UPR with the Directorate at its head before the entire world. Keywords: Hetmanate, Entente, Directorate, Ukrainian diplomacy, Ukrainian statehood, confrontation.
The Establishment of National States and Formation of the State Border between the Ukrainian National Republic And the Republic Of Lithuania in 1918The Establishment of National States and Formation of the State Border between the Ukrainian National Republic And the Republic Of Lithuania in 1918
Authors: Kucheruk Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the establishment of national states and formation of the state border between the Ukrainian National Republic and the Republic of Lithuania. In late 1917, a need to end the war and conclude a peace treaty was obvious, which resulted in the first negotiations between representatives of the Bolshevik government and Germany, joined by Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey. The Ukrainian National Republic also got a chance to become an actor of European politics and participated in the peace negotiations in Brest-Lytovsk.
The system of the Brest-Lytovsk peace treaties legalized the separation between Russia and its national entities, recognized the independence of the Ukrainian National Republic as well as Lithuania and Latvia. The details of the negotiations remain unknown, but in the context of the establishment of relations with great powers and new nation-states, the Ukrainian-Lithuanian contacts were not in the foreground, although remained relevant.
In the summer of 1918, Lithuania was preparing to become a full-fledged monarchy and the final establishment of state borders was postponed. In October 1918, the Ministry of Military Affairs of the Ukrainian State established a commission dealing with the issue of the border line between Ukraine and Lithuania.
However, the plans were not meant to be realized due to the revolution in Germany, the anti-Hetman uprising in Ukraine, the restoration of the republic, the next wave of the Russian aggression against the newly formed states and the Polish invasion against Ukraine and Lithuania. Consequently, the western territories of the Ukrainian National Republic as well as the Lithuanian capital Vilnius with the Vilnius Region came under the control of Poland. Thus, the delineated Ukrainian-Lithuanian border remained on paper and on new maps of Europe.
Keywords: Ukrainian-Lithuanian border, monarchy, revolution, peace negotiations in Brest-Lytovsk.
Austria as a Foreign Trading Partner of the Soviet Ukraine in the Early 1920s
Authors: Kupchyk Oleh
Published: March 2020

The article reveals the circumstances under which trade relations between the Austrian Republic and the Ukrainian SSR were established in the early 1920s. The contractual and legal framework, organizational forms of commercial activity of the Ukrainian SSR in Austria are clarified. The author introduces the activities of Ukrainian trade representatives in Austria, namely S. Derevenskyi and Zuckerman. The organizational and staff structure of the trade mission of the Ukrainian SSR in the Austrian Republic is provided.
The role of the trade mission of the Ukrainian SSR in Vienna in foreign trade activity of the Ukrainian SSR is revealed. The place of the Austrian market in export-import operations of the Ukrainian SSR is highlighted. The transit value of Austria and the Danube in the trade of the Ukrainian SSR with the countries of Central and South-Eastern Europe is indicated. The monetary equivalent indicates the volume of export-import operations and their subject. «The Ukrainian aspect» of the USSR trade mission’s activities in the Austrian Republic in 1923–1924 is noted.
It was emphasized that the establishment of mixed Austrian-Ukrainian partnerships was important in trade with Austria. Among the Ukrainian goods exported to Austria were horsehair, soda, leather, guts, hair, medicinal herbs. Sickles, scythes, light bulbs, stationery (paper, pencils), typewriters, microscopes, automobiles, cigarettes and books were imported from Austria.
It is proved that in establishing trade relations with Austria, the Council of People’s Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR (Radnarkom) counted on mutual interest, relative territorial proximity, ancient Ukrainian-Austrian historical ties, which dated back to the time of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The establishment of trade relations between Austria and Ukraine was facilitated by the decision of the leadership of the Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Trade, according to which Austria was referred to as a country ‘important for Ukraine’.
Keywords: export, import, golden karbovanets, koruna, market, goods, trade mission, trade representative.
The International Context of Wars in the Former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1991–1995)
Authors: Potiekhin Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

The article attempts to explain the reasons of the Yugoslav tragedy, which claimed about 300,000 lives and led to the displacement of more than 2 million people. The author boils the answer down to the simplified and biased Western interpretation of the in-fluence of Balkan history on the situation after the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), systemic uncertain-ty in European and transatlantic relations after the end of the Cold War, adventurous and irresponsible behaviour of the leaders of several independent countries established on the ruins of the former SFRY, inadequate reaction of the United States of America (US) and NATO to the crisis, Europeans’ false initial belief that they will be able to address security challenges in the ‘new’ Europe by their own efforts. The author emphasizes that the settlement of the Yugoslav crisis should have immediately become NATO’s priority. In such a case, Americans and Europeans could have started working together as mediators among different conflicting parties to ensure a peaceful ‘divorce’ of the republics. However, Washington did not want to see this. The US attitude to the Yugoslav crisis in 1990–1992 undermined the foundations of the declared policy of NATO’s central role in Europe after the Cold War, which envisaged the responsibility of the Alliance for resolving the Balkan conflict. The author argues that if the deployment of an international peacekeeping contingent in the Russian-occupied parts of Ukraine’s Donetsk and Luhansk regions takes an expressive form, Kyiv will need to carefully examine the factual background of the events in the former SFRY. This should help avoid many of the complications that arose during the peace enforcement operation in the Balkans in the first half of the 1990s. Keywords: NATO, Balkans, SFRY, Yugoslav tragedy, USA.
ÁGUA DE COCO SEM CONSERVANTE
Authors: Agricultura Revista
Published: March 2020

ÁGUA DE COCO SEM CONSERVANTE
EFEITO DE DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS NA CARACTERÍSTICAS BIOLÓGICAS DURANTE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO BICHO-DA-SEDA
Authors: Silva Alessandra Fernandes da , Takahashi Roque , Miranda José Ednilson , Okushiro Erika
Published: March 2020

EFEITO DE DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS NA CARACTERÍSTICAS BIOLÓGICAS DURANTE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO BICHO-DA-SEDA
OS 75 ANOS DA REVISTA DE AGRICULTURA
Authors: Peixoto Aristeu Mendes
Published: March 2020

OS 75 ANOS DA REVISTA DE AGRICULTURA
NOTA CIENTIFICA: OCORRÊNCIA DE PARASITÓIDES EMERGIDOS DE PUPAS DE MOSCAS-DAS FRUTAS COLETADAS EM GOIABAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE MONTE ALTO-SP
Authors: Galli Julio Cesar , Rampazzo Élcio Felix
Published: March 2020

NOTA CIENTIFICA: OCORRÊNCIA DE PARASITÓIDES EMERGIDOS DE PUPAS DE MOSCAS-DAS FRUTAS COLETADAS EM GOIABAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE MONTE ALTO-SP
EFEITO INSETICIDA DE ALGUNS EXTRATOS VEGETAIS SOBRE A MOSCA-DO-MEDITERRÂNEO EM LABORATÓRIO
Authors: Potenza Marcos Roberto , Bergmann Eliana Cherubini , Nishimori Regina Kazue , Benedicto Luci Hessel
Published: March 2020

EFEITO INSETICIDA DE ALGUNS EXTRATOS VEGETAIS SOBRE A MOSCA-DO-MEDITERRÂNEO EM LABORATÓRIO
TEORES E EXTRAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES PELA FORRAGEM DE AVEIA, EM FUNÇÃO DE DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO, NO MANEJO DE DOIS CORTES E EM DUAS ÉPOCAS DE PLANTIO
Authors: Primavesi Ana Cândida de A. , Godoy Rodolfo
Published: March 2020

TEORES E EXTRAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES PELA FORRAGEM DE AVEIA, EM FUNÇÃO DE DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO, NO MANEJO DE DOIS CORTES E EM DUAS ÉPOCAS DE PLANTIO
INSTITUTO AGRONÔMICO DE CAMPINAS
Authors: Conagin Armando
Published: March 2020

INSTITUTO AGRONÔMICO DE CAMPINAS
CAPACIDADE PREDATÓRIA DE Chrysoperla externa ALIMENTADA COM Frankliniella schultzai EM PLANTAS DE ALFACE DE HIDROPÔNICO
Authors: Barbosa Leonardo R. , Auad Alexander M. , Freitas Sérgio De
Published: March 2020

CAPACIDADE PREDATÓRIA DE Chrysoperla externa ALIMENTADA COM Frankliniella schultzai EM PLANTAS DE ALFACE DE HIDROPÔNICO
NOTA CIENTÍFICA: SINTOMATOLOGIA DO ATAQUE DE Calacarus heveae EM SERINGUEIRA (Hevea brasiliensis)
Authors: Vieira Marineide R. , Fabri Eliane G. , Oliveira Emerson A.
Published: March 2020

NOTA CIENTÍFICA: SINTOMATOLOGIA DO ATAQUE DE Calacarus heveae EM SERINGUEIRA (Hevea brasiliensis)