bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prunella vulgaris Suppresses HG-Induced Vascular Inflammation via Nrf2/HO-1/eNOS Activation
Authors: Hwang Sun Mi , Lee Yun Jung , Yoon Jung Joo , Lee So Min , Kim Jin Sook , Kang Dae Gill , Lee Ho Sub
Published: January 2012

Vascular inflammation is an important factor which can promote diabetic complications. In this study, the inhibitory effects of aqueous extract from Prunella vulgaris (APV) on high glucose (HG)-induced expression of cell adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) are reported. APV decreased HG-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin. APV also dose-dependently inhibited HG-induced adhesion of HL-60 monocytic cells. APV suppressed p65 NF-κB activation in HG-treated cells. APV significantly inhibited the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). HG-stimulated HUVEC secreted gelatinases, however, APV inhibited it. APV induced Akt phosphorylation as well as activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), eNOS, and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which may protect vascular inflammation caused by HG. In conclusion, APV exerts anti-inflammatory effect via inhibition of ROS/NF-κB pathway by inducing HO-1 and eNOS expression mediated by Nrf2, thereby suggesting that Prunella vulgaris may be a possible therapeutic approach to the inhibition of diabetic vascular diseases.
Phenolic Enriched Extract of Baccharis trimera Presents Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: De Oliveira Cristiane B. , Comunello Lucimara N. , Lunardelli Adroaldo , Amaral Robson H. , Pires Melissa G. S. , Da Silva Gabriela Lucas , Manfredini Vanusa , Vargas Carmen Regla , Gnoatto Simone C. B. , De Oliveira Jarbas R. , Gosmann Grace
Published: January 2012

Baccharis trimera is a plant popularly used as a tea and to treat gastrointestinal diseases and inflammatory processes as well. The total phenolic content was determined and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of six extracts (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, aqueous, saponin and phenolic) from B. trimera were evaluated. Using carrageenan-induced pleurisy as a model of acute inflammation, the phenolic extract at 15 mg/kg decreased significantly the analyzed parameters when compared to the carrageenan group ( p < 0.05), thus showing potential anti-inflammatory activity. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH methods, respectively. Phenolic and ethyl acetate extracts presented higher antioxidant activity ( p < 0.05) than ascorbic acid. The phenolic extract also showed the highest antioxidant potential in relation to the other extracts, thus suggesting that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
Environmental and Sensor Limitations in Optical Remote Sensing of Coral Reefs: Implications for Monitoring and Sensor Design
Authors: Hedley John D. , Roelfsema Chris M. , Phinn Stuart R. , Mumby Peter J.
Published: January 2012

A generic method was developed for analysing the capabilities of optical remote sensing of aquatic systems in terms of environmental components and imaging sensor configurations. The method was based on a component based model of the entire system in which not only benthic composition but other environmental components such as water inherent optical properties (IOPs), bathymetry, sun elevation, wind speed and sensor noise characteristics were defined by datasets with the potential to include across-image variation. The model was applied to data from Pacific Ocean reefs in an airborne sensor context to estimate the primary environmental or sensor factors confounding discrimination of benthic mixtures of key reef types: live coral, bleached coral, dead coral and macroalgae. Results indicate that spectral variation of benthic types and sub-pixel mixing is the primary limiting factor for benthic mapping objectives, whereas instrument noise levels are a minor factor.
Exploring Simple Algorithms for Estimating Gross Primary Production in Forested Areas from Satellite Data
Authors: Hashimoto Hirofumi , Wang Weile , Milesi Cristina , White Michael A. , Ganguly Sangram , Gamo Minoru , Hirata Ryuichi , Myneni Ranga B. , Nemani Ramakrishna R.
Published: January 2012

Algorithms that use remotely-sensed vegetation indices to estimate gross primary production (GPP), a key component of the global carbon cycle, have gained a lot of popularity in the past decade. Yet despite the amount of research on the topic, the most appropriate approach is still under debate. As an attempt to address this question, we compared the performance of different vegetation indices from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in capturing the seasonal and the annual variability of GPP estimates from an optimal network of 21 FLUXNET forest towers sites. The tested indices include the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation absorbed by plant canopies (FPAR). Our results indicated that single vegetation indices captured 50–80% of the variability of tower-estimated GPP, but no one index performed universally well in all situations. In particular, EVI outperformed the other MODIS products in tracking seasonal variations in tower-estimated GPP, but annual mean MODIS LAI was the best estimator of the spatial distribution of annual flux-tower GPP (GPP = 615 × LAI − 376, where GPP is in g C/m2/year). This simple algorithm rehabilitated earlier approaches linking ground measurements of LAI to flux-tower estimates of GPP and produced annual GPP estimates comparable to the MODIS 17 GPP product. As such, remote sensing-based estimates of GPP continue to offer a useful alternative to estimates from biophysical models, and the choice of the most appropriate approach depends on whether the estimates are required at annual or sub-annual temporal resolution.
Sensors Best Paper Award 2012
Authors: Han Ophelia
Published: January 2012

Since 2011, Sensors has been instituting an annual award to recognize outstanding papers that are related to sensing technologies and applications and meet the aims, scope and high standards of this journal [1]. To improve the timeliness of the award, we have decided that starting from next year, only papers published in the preceding three years will be eligible for the competition. [...]
Impact of cell shape in hierarchically structured plant surfaces on the attachment of male Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)
Authors: Prüm Bettina , Seidel Robin , Bohn Holger Florian , Speck Thomas
Published: January 2012

Plant surfaces showing hierarchical structuring are frequently found in plant organs such as leaves, petals, fruits and stems. In our study we focus on the level of cell shape and on the level of superimposed microstructuring, leading to hierarchical surfaces if both levels are present. While it has been shown that epicuticular wax crystals and cuticular folds strongly reduce insect attachment, and that smooth papillate epidermal cells in petals improve the grip of pollinators, the impact of hierarchical surface structuring of plant surfaces possessing convex or papillate cells on insect attachment remains unclear. We performed traction experiments with male Colorado potato beetles on nine different plant surfaces with different structures. The selected plant surfaces showed epidermal cells with either tabular, convex or papillate cell shape, covered either with flat films of wax, epicuticular wax crystals or with cuticular folds. On surfaces possessing either superimposed wax crystals or cuticular folds we found traction forces to be almost one order of magnitude lower than on surfaces covered only with flat films of wax. Independent of superimposed microstructures we found that convex and papillate epidermal cell shapes slightly enhance the attachment ability of the beetles. Thus, in plant surfaces, cell shape and superimposed microstructuring yield contrary effects on the attachment of the Colorado potato beetle, with convex or papillate cells enhancing attachment and both wax crystals or cuticular folds reducing attachment. However, the overall magnitude of traction force mainly depends on the presence or absence of superimposed microstructuring.
La « bestiole mystique »
Authors: Haza Marion
Published: January 2012

Résumé La pulsionnalité pubertaire agit dans la thérapie, d’une façon brutale, crue, non symbolisée. L’ acting out est généré par l’émergence de nouveaux ressentis pulsionnels non encore élaborés et intégrés au Moi. La capacité créatrice de l’adolescent, portée par le clinicien, permet de sublimer la violence pubertaire et de trouver une voie de dégagement autre que pulsionnelle et sexuelle. Ici, c’est la « Bestiole Mystique » qui viendra symboliser le passage pubertaire et ses investissements.
Vivre adolescent en Israël
Authors: Cohen Solal Henri
Published: January 2012

Résumé L’article témoigne d’une expérience de trente ans auprès d’une « jeunesse en danger », Noar Besikoum , rencontrée dans les maisons de jeunes Beit Ham en Israël. L’auteur montre en quoi le contexte social et historique, sur fond de conflit israélo-palestinien, influe sur la manière dont ces jeunes, en particulier les jeunes Israéliens, vivent et traversent l’adolescence.
Adolescents vivant au Liban : un processus identitaire en construction sous l'emprise d'une double menace
Authors: Kattar Antoine
Published: January 2012

Résumé Cet article se propose de montrer ce qui se joue pour l’adolescent vivant au Liban au cours de sa formation identitaire, en cherchant plus particulièrement à comprendre le retentissement du contexte socio-historique du pays sur les difficultés psychiques que celui-ci éprouve et plus spécifiquement comment les caractéristiques de ce contexte résonnent avec les transformations liées à celles de la période adolescente. L’analyse d’un entretien clinique de recherche réalisé auprès d’un adolescent résidant à Beyrouth et les élaborations personnelles de l’auteur que son implication dans cette problématique l’a conduit à produire montrent la confrontation entre « l’expérience vécue au niveau de la crise personnelle » et celle vécue au niveau « de la crise politique ». L’hypothèse est posée d’un redoublement de la menace intrapsychique inhérente au processus de création adolescente par le poids de la menace externe émanant du contexte politique.
« Devenir un super-héros »
Authors: Bernateau Isée
Published: January 2012

Résumé À travers le cas d’un adolescent au père violent, il s’agit de montrer que l’identité, notion processuelle et susceptible de remaniements, a besoin de s’étayer sur des modèles culturels collectifs aujourd’hui largement mondialisés, mais repris et utilisés de façon singulière par les sujets. La création d’une néo-identité qui s’appuie sur des modèles d’invincibilité et de toute-puissance est le signe que toute création identitaire ou tout mouvement d’affirmation subjective mobilise intrinsèquement une violence susceptible de mener à la haine de toute altérité.
Au corps des mots, à l'ouest du soleil
Authors: Saudan-Henny Sylvie , Brusset Bernard , Gutton Philippe , Laget Jacques , Treu Ariane
Published: January 2012

Résumé Justine est une adolescente qui présente un fonctionnement limite et dont les symptômes principaux sont des vomissements provoqués et répétés. Elle expulse les aliments comme elle évacue la pensée. Elle investit les actes en se débarrassant de la tension interne. L’effraction de la sexualité renforce l’impossibilité d’investir une position passive comme si elle réactivait le temps originaire de la séduction. L’auteur décrit la difficulté à trouver sa place dans l’espace de la psychothérapie, alors qu’il y a échec de la mise en scène psychique chez la patiente. Condamnée à l’expulsion dans un premier temps, et cherchant à contrer son vécu de passivité, elle évoque l’épreuve périlleuse que représente l’approche mélancolique vers la reconnaissance de l’altérité de l’objet, dans les traces internes qu’il lui a laissées.
Subjectivation-action chez A. Rimbaud
Authors: Pirlot Gérard
Published: January 2012

Résumé À partir tant de la biographie que de l’œuvre poétique et des lettres d’Afrique d’A. Rimbaud, l’auteur propose trois hypothèses : premièrement, dans une première partie de sa vie, celle poétique, l’écriture de Rimbaud lui servit de déflexion et réfraction à la psyché afin de créer un espace tiers que le père ne sut/put occuper face à l’omniprésence maternelle. Dans la deuxième partie de sa vie se fut la vie en Afrique, lieu où avait vécu le père et « le droit de s’en aller » (Baudelaire) qui servirent cette « modalité déflexive », forme de « subjectivation-action » qui est le propre de l’adolescence. Deuxièmement, nombre de pièces poétiques d’A. Rimbaud furent, comme P. Aulagnier le montra ailleurs, autant de projections d’une reconstruction du passé sur l’avenir, opérations indispensables au narcissisme adolescent. Troisièmement, le mouvement mélancolique propre à la construction subjective adolescente trouve dans l’écriture poétique (génialement chez A. Rimbaud et habituellement chez les autres pubères, y compris dans les chansons) un objet évanescent et toujours à retrouver, compulsionnellement, dans et par un « travail d’écriture » confrontant celui-ci au « travail de mélancolie » de l’objet primaire perdu.
Daniël 2 as satire
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: January 2012

Daniel 2 as satire. Readers use intuitive and acquired knowledge about genres in interpreting what they read and hear, underlining the importance of establishing the genre of a specific piece of literature. The genre of the tales in the Book of Daniel (1–6) has been researched over a long period, without leading to a consensus. In this article it is suggested that the genre of the tales in Daniel may be described in terms of satire, used as a means of resistance to foreign political oppression. Especially humor and irony are utilised in the satire to describe Jewish perception of the oppression and oppressor, and to make suggestions for acting in the crisis situation of Antiochus’ suppression of the Jewish religion. This is demonstrated in terms of the tale in Daniel 2, and specifically in the depiction of the indirect characters in the tale – the God of the Jews in Daniel 2, in contrast to the powerlessness of the gods of the mighty heathen king. In this way the true nature of Jewish oppression is pictured in a humorous way when the Babylonian gods are at the mercy of the Jewish God.
A checklist of epigaeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Marakele National Park, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Schoeman Colin S. , Foord Stefan H.
Published: January 2012

Ant surveys are extensively used to guide conservation decisions and form part of a ‘shopping basket’ of invertebrate taxa proposed for the use in monitoring programmes in South Africa’s national parks. However, very few ant inventories exist for these conservation areas. We report on the first quantitative survey of ants in the Marakele National Park (67 000 ha). Ants were sampled in four habitats, covering both the altitudinal range (1000 m a.s.l. – 2000 m a.s.l.) and three vegetation types in the park. A total of 4847 specimens, representing 29 genera and 104 species, were recorded from pitfall traps over a five-day period. Myrmicinae was the most abundant and diverse subfamily, representing 82% of all ants sampled, followed by the Formicinae subfamily, which represented 18% of the total abundance. The most abundant species were members of the Pheidole megacephala group, Pheidole sculpturata Mayr and members of the Monomorium salomonis group. In general, we found that the less complex habitats supported higher ant diversity. The Marakele National Park contains a quarter of the ant species recorded in South Africa and is a potential hotspot for invertebrate conservation. Conservation implications: The Marakele National Park represents an area of high ant – and therefore invertebrate – diversity. Ant conservation would require attention to each of the vegetation types to maintain complementarity (beta diversity) of the assemblages as well as consideration to the impact of large herbivores, whose presence positively influence ant richness at a site (alpha diversity).
Inhibition of activated NR2B gene- and caspase-3 protein-expression by glutathione following traumatic brain injury in a rat model
Authors: Arifin Muhammad , Faried Ahmad , Shahib Muhammad , Wiriadisastra Kahdar , Bisri Tatang
Published: January 2012

Background. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major cause of death and disability. Oxidative stress is an important element of the injury cascade following TBI. Progressive compromise of antioxidant defenses and free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation are one of the major mechanisms of secondary TBI. NR2B is a glutamate receptor and its activation is caused by TBI increasing a brain cell death, along with caspase-3 as a hall mark of apoptosis. Glutathione is a potent free radical scavenger that might prevent secondary TBI damage and inhibited apoptosis. Materials and Methods. In the present study, it aims to demonstrate the effect of glutathione on inhibition of brain oxidative damage in a TBI rat model. Results. In this study, the expressions of mRNA NR2B in placebo group and groups with glutathione administration at 0, 3, and 6 hours after TBI were 328.14, 229.90, 178.50, and 136.14, respectively (P<0.001). The highest caspase-3 expression was shown in placebo group with 66.7% showing strong positive results (>80%); as expected, glutathione administered in 0, 3, and 6 hours groups had lower strong positive results of 50%, 16.7%, and 16.7%, respectively, (P=0.025).
Conclusion. In conclusion, this study showed that glutathione administration in a TBI rat model decreased NR2B gene- and caspase-3 protein-expression that lead to the inhibition of brain cell death. Our results suggest that glutathione, as a potent free radical scavenger, has a brain cell protective effect against oxidative damage and cell death induced by TBI in rat model.
Surgical excision of a Juxtafacet cyst in the lumbar spine: A report of thirteen cases with long-term follow up
Authors: El Shazly Ayman , Khattab Mohamed
Published: January 2012

Context: Juxtafacet cysts of the lumbar spine are extradural degenerative lesions associated with symptoms of lower back pain and radiculopathy. Surgical treatment is indicated when there is failure of conservative measures. Primary spinal fusion at the time of surgical excision of the cyst is a matter of controversy. Few reports have described long-term follow-up for surgical treatment of spinal cysts. Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term outcome of the surgical excision of a Juxtafacet cyst without spinal fusion. Study Design: This is a retrospective case series study, level IV evidence. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective case series study on 13 patients with Juxtafacet cysts, who were treated with surgical excision of the cysts without spinal fusion. A questionnaire scoring system was used for evaluation of the surgical outcome. Results: The study was conducted on 13 patients, seven females (54%) and six males (46%), their age ranging from 38 to 69 years, with a mean age of 52 (±9.93 STD) years. The mean duration of the symptoms was 10.5 (±6.22 STD) months. All patients got benefit from surgery, with six excellent (46%), six good (46%), and one fair outcome (8%), with no surgery-related complications. The mean follow-up period of the patients at the time of this study was 4.2 years (±1.43 STD). Conclusion: Long-term follow-up for surgical excision of symptomatic Juxtafacet cysts without spinal fusion revealed excellent to good results in 92% of the patients, with a satisfaction rate of 80% (±8.41 STD).
The association between cortisol dynamics and the course of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: July Julius , As'ad Suryani , Suhadi Budhianto , Islam Andi
Published: January 2012

Context: One of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage complication is delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND). It is postulated that cortisol dynamics might be associated with the severity of this complication. Aims: The goal of the study is to investigate whether the peak of morning serum cortisol levels are associated with the severity of its complication during the course of the disease. Settings and Design: This is a prospective cohort study conducted from January 2009 to June 2011, at our institution. Materials and Methods: The study follows a consecutive cohort of patients for 14 days after the aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Serum cortisols, cortisol binding globulin, adenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) were measured pre operatively and then on post operative days (POD) 2, 4, 7, and 10. Blood was drawn to coincide with peak cortisol levels between 08.00-09.00 hours. Neurological examinations were conducted at least twice daily and patient outcome were graded according to modified Ranklin Scale. DIND was defined by a decrease in the Glasgow Coma Scale of two or more points compared to the status on POD 1. Statistical Analysis: All the results were analyzed using statistical software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v61; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the relationship between the variables. Results: Thirty six consecutive patients are collected, but only 28 patients (12 M and 16 F) were eligible for the cohort analysis. Average patient age is 50.75 years old (50.75±12.27), and more than 50% (15/28) arrived with World Federation of Neurologic Surgeons grade 3 or better. Elevated total cortisol levels of more than 24 mg/dl on day 2, 4, and 10 were associated with DIND, and the most significant being on day 4 (P=0.011). These patients also had a higher grade on the modified Ranklin scale of disability. Conclusions:This study shows that the elevated levels of morning total cortisol in the serum are associated with the onset of DIND during the disease course, and it's also associated with bad outcomes.
Intra operative indocyanine green video-angiography in cerebrovascular surgery: An overview with review of literature
Authors: Balamurugan S , Agrawal Abhishek , Kato Yoko , Sano Hirotoshi
Published: January 2012

Microscope integrated Near infra red Indocyanine green video angiography (NIR ICG VA) has been frequently used in cerebrovascular surgery. It is believed to be a simple and reliable method with acquisition of real time high spatial resolution images. The aim of this review article was to evaluate the efficacy of intra operative Indocyanine green video angiography (ICG VA) in Aneurysm, brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgeries and also to analyze its limitations. Intra operative imaging is a very useful tool in guiding surgery; thus, avoiding surgical morbidity. Now-a-days, many cerebrovascular units are using ICG VA rather than Doppler and intra operative DSA in most of their aneurysm surgeries, and surgeons are incorporating this technique for AVM and in EC-IC bypass surgeries too. This article is an overview of the beneficial effects of ICG VA in cerebrovascular surgery and will also point out its limitations in various circumstances. Intra operative ICG VA gives high resolution, real time images of arterial, capillary, and venous flow of cerebral vasculature. Although it gives adequate information about the clipped neck, parent/branching artery and perforator involvement, it has some limitations like viewing the neck residuals located behind the aneurysm, thick walled atherosclerotic vessels, and thrombosed aneurysms. In AVM surgery, it is useful in detecting the residual nidus in diffuse type AVM, but cannot be relied in deep seated AVMs and it gives exact information about the anastomosis site in EC-IC bypass, thus, avoiding early bypass graft failure. NIR ICG VA is a simple, reliable, and quick method to pick up subtle findings in cerebrovascular procedures. But in selected cases of aneurysms, endoscopy and intra operative Digital substraction angiography (DSA) may be helpful, whereas in deep seated AVMs, navigation may be required as an adjunct to confirm intra operative findings.
Astroblastoma with bone invasion
Authors: Bhattacharjee Suchanda , Pulligopu Aneel , Uppin Megha , Sundaram Challa
Published: January 2012

Astroblastoma is a rare tumor belonging to the family of primary glial neoplasms. They are classified as neuroepithelial tumors; however, the World Health Organization grading is still not established. We report the case of a 4-year-old child who presented with an intra-axial space occupying lesion which turned out to be an astroblastoma. A complete excision was done and there was no recurrence at 20 months follow-up. This case report highlights the presence of such unusual tumor with invasion to the calvarium and reviews the current literature.
Evaluation of CO2 Laser Surgery for Early Carcinoma Larynx
Authors: Sharma Vijay K , Nilakantan Ajith
Published: January 2012

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of transoral endoscopic laser surgery in the treatment of early laryngeal cancers in comparison to external radiotherapy.

Method: The patients included in the study were those who reported to the ENT department of a tertiary care hospital with early malignant lesions of the larynx.

Result

Our study revealed a local recurrence rate of 15% in the radiotherapy arm but only 10% in the CO2laser arm; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The only parameter in the analysis of voice which showed a statistically significant difference between the two arms was roughness which was better in the radiotherapy arm at 6 months. The major complication following transoral CO2laser surgery was persistent hoarseness which was seen in six patients and it resolved completely on continuation of conservative measures. Severe laryngeal edema following treatment was seen in two patients. Statistically significant difference was noted in patient acceptability in favor of CO2laser.

Conclusion

Endoscopic CO2laser surgery in early laryngeal cancer leads to similar control of the disease as with the traditional methods, with better patient acceptability, low morbidity and good functional results.
Alterations in the Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Oral Cancer, Oral Precancerous Lesions/Conditions associated with the Habit of Tobacco Consumption
Authors: Vahanwala Sonal , Pagare Sandeep , Dua Shilpa
Published: January 2012

The changes in lipid profile have long been associated with cancer because lipids play a key role in maintenance of cell integrity. Lipids are the major cell membrane components essential for various biological functions including cell growth and division of normal and malignant tissues. Lower blood lipids have been associated with the etiology of breast and colorectal cancer, and relation has also been reported between low cholesterol and increased risk of cancer occurrence and mortality.

The present study was designed to evaluate the serum lipid profile in patients with oral precancerous lesion/condition and squamous cell carcinoma to see whether there are any alterations in the lipid levels during the pathogenesis of these lesions and also to evaluate significance of lipid profile as biochemical marker, if any.
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Early Glottic Carcinoma
Authors: Hussain Raza , Jamshed Sarah , Majeed Uzma , Hameed Shahid , Jamshed Arif , Rehman Khaliq UR , Iqbal Hassan , Ali Muhammad , Hameed Natasha
Published: January 2012

Introduction

Given the high probability of cure, the aims of treatment are cure, laryngeal preservation and good voice quality while making effective use of available resources. In this study we analyze locoregional control (LRC) and survival following hypofractionated radiotherapy in early stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center.

Materials and methods

Between October 2003 and June 2009, 87 patients with early glottic squamous cell carcinoma were treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy. All patients were included in the study (M: 94%; F:6%). Median age was 60 years (range: 21-81 years). Sixty-six percent of patients were smokers. AJCC stage was T1 in 95% and T2 in 5% of the patients. Radiotherapy dose was 55 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks. All patients were treated on cobalt-60. Median radiotherapy treatment time was 28 days (range: 23-35 days).

Results

The LRC rate after primary radiotherapy at 5 years was 91% (95% CI: 88-94%). The 5 years overall and disease-specific survival was 86% (95% CI: 81 and 91%) and 97% (CI 95%: 95 and 99%) respectively. Patients with T1a and T1b disease had LRC rates of 95 and 88% (p = 0.32). The LRC rates for patients with and without anterior commissure involvement at 5 years were 80 and 96% (p = 0.02) respectively.

Conclusion

Hypofractionated radiotherapy 55 Gy in 20 fractions is comparable to conventional fractionation schedules in terms of locoregional control and survival while offering potential for optimizing resources usage.
Spindle Cell Sarcoma of Submandibular Salivary Gland: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Dhoke Priti Rakesh , Harkare Vivek Vishwasji , Deosthale Nitin Vasant , Khadakkar Sonali Prabhakar , Dhote Kanchan Sandeep , Gurjar Gopal
Published: January 2012

Objective

To report a rare case of spindle cell sarcoma of submandibular salivary gland, with intraoral extension with pathological dilemma.

Case report

A 40-year-old male presented with swelling and pain in right submandibular area since 1 year. Right submandibular gland excision with intraoral mass excision was done with reconstruction of floor of mouth. Postoperative histopathology was suggestive of low-grade malignant tumor with differential diagnosis of acinic cell tumor, vascular tumor and myoepithelial tumor. The immunohistochemistry report revealed spindle cell sarcoma with high degree of vascularity. Based on this report postoperative radiotherapy was planned.

Conclusion

According to literature, spindle cell sarcoma of submandibular salivary gland has not been reported yet. This case is presented for its uniqueness of its site, extension and histopathological dilemma.
Diagnostic and Surgical Challenge in the Management of a Rare Tumor of Skull Base and Face
Authors: Senthil K , Kumar A Ravi , Saravanam Prasanna Kumar
Published: January 2012

Aim

We report a rare case of lateral skull base hamartoma. The diagnostic dilemma, the therapeutic challenge and the importance of interdisciplinary approach to decrease the morbidity has been discussed.

Method

We report a rare case of a 48-year-old male with swelling over the left side of face and cheek for a duration of 12 years, who presented to us only for his cosmetic deformity and no functional impairment, after a thorough clinical examination and series of invasive and noninvasive investigations, was diagnosed to have a rare tumor hamartoma of skull base and face. A complete surgical excision without morbidity was made possible only by a multidisciplinary team approach. The investigation and surgical approach to reduce per operative morbidity has been discussed. Microscopic examination of the excised specimen with special staining techniques was conclusive for hamartoma. Patient has been on a regular follow-up for the last 2 years with no evidence of recurrence and functional compromise.

Discussion

The rarity of the tumor, the difficulty in diagnosis, management and prognosis of hamartoma have been discussed.

Conclusion

Hamartoma of the infratemporal fossa is a rare tumor and those originating in this surgically challenging site are even rarer. Further their close proximity to vital structures in head and neck poses a formidable challenge in their diagnosis and surgical management to achieve a good cosmetic and functional result.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Nasal Septum: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Priya SR , Chaukar Devendra A , Cruz Anil KD'
Published: January 2012

We present two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma arising from the nasal septum. The first patient was previously untreated. The second patient had been operated outside with a presumed diagnosis of a benign lesion. We excised both the lesions with wide margins as is advisable for this histology. The histopathology examination in the first case showed adenoid cystic carcinoma with no high-risk features. In the second case, the histopathology revealed no residual malignancy. Adjuvant treatment was, therefore, not given to either patient. The postoperative appearance in both cases was good. They have been disease free on follow-up.
A Vallecular Cyst as a Cause of Hemoptysis in an Adult
Authors: Karnik Prabodh , Kulkarni Anuja Santosh
Published: January 2012

A vallecular cyst although rare but well-documented clinical entity. This case report presents a case of vallecular cyst in a 26-year-old male patient who presented to us with history of spontaneous onset hemoptysis for 9 days along with voice change and dysphagia for 15 days.
A Rare Case of Congenital Ocular Melanoma in a 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Rao Clementina Rama , Nanjundappa FNU , Prashanth V , Kundapaje Akshay Shivappa , Namratha NR
Published: January 2012

Ocular melanoma in the pediatric population is extremely rare, and the congenital variety is even rarer. We present a case of a 3-year-old female child presenting with a congenital ocular melanoma with no preexisting conditions, managed by surgical removal of the affected eye followed by postoperative radiotherapy. We also discuss the various features of the condition reviewing the literature.
Caries Prevention Effect of Intensive Application of Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Molars in Children between Age 6 and 7 Years
Authors: Gugwad Sachin C , Lodaya Rahul , Bhat Chetan , Tandon Piyush , Choudhari Shantanu
Published: January 2012

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intensive application of sodium fluoride varnish in prevention of caries in molars in children between 6 and 7 years and to evaluate the caries status in molars before and after application of fluoride varnish (Cavity Shield).

Materials and methods

Two hundred fifty children (6-7 years) randomized into varnish and control groups. Children in varnish group received fluoride varnish (Cavity Shield) three times during one week (once every 2 days). Clinical and radiographical examinations of all children were performed prior to the first application of varnish and 1 year later. For evaluation and comparison, all the collected data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results

At the end of 1 year period, varnish group had 27.7% caries reversal in deciduous dentition which was statistically significant. Though there was a decrease in the caries increment in the permanent dentition, it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Application of fluoride varnish Cavity Shield three times once a week, once a year either in permanent or in deciduous dentition, is associated with substantial reduction in caries increment.

Clinical significance

Fluoride varnish can prove to be an effective tool in prevention of dental caries in both primary and permanent dentitions.

How to cite this article

Gugwad SC, Shah P, Lodaya R, Bhat C, Tandon P, Choudhari S, Patil S. Caries Prevention Effect of Intensive Application of Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Molars in Children between Age 6 and 7 Years. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6): 408-413.
Comparative Evaluation of Resistance Failure in Nonprecious Metal-Ceramic Restoration at the Incisal Edge with Varying Thickness under Different Application of Load: An in vitro Study
Authors: Nanda Zinnie , Danappanavar Prasanna M , Bhaskar Mummidi , Gowd Vikas , Molugu Mallikarjun , Reddy K Amarendher , Reddy Rajiv Kumar , Kumar M Ashwini
Published: January 2012

Objective

To determine the resistance failure value of nonprecious metal-ceramic restorations at the incisal edge with varying thickness under different application of load.

Materials and methods

An Ivorian central incisor was prepared to receive metal-ceramic crown, which was further duplicated, invested, casted and 72 metal dies were fabricated in Co-Cr alloy. Metal dies were relieved with die spacer, lubricated and wax patterns were prepared for metal copings, which were further invested and casted and 72 metal copings were fabricated. The ceramic materials were used for the study viz. Vita/VMK, IPSd SIGN, and superporcelain. Ceramic built-up was carried out according to manufacturer instructions. Incisal ceramic built-up was carried out with increasing thickness from 2.00 to 2.5 and 3.00 mm.

Results

A total of 72 samples, prepared for the study, were divided into two groups, i.e. group I (36 samples) and group II (36 samples), as per the direction of application of load. The samples were mounted on acrylic block (6 samples/block). A total 12 acrylic blocks were prepared. All the samples were tested using universal testing machine (MTS/USA). The load was applied with crosshead speed of 5 mm/min.

Conclusion

Fracture resistance was found to be highest for the 2.00 mm and lowest for 3.00 mm incisal ceramic thickness samples regardless of the ceramic material in both groups. There was a gradual decrease in fracture resistance as the incisal ceramic thickness increased from 2.00 to 3.00 mm in all samples. Fracture resistance was marginally higher for incisal ceramic build-up of 3 mm thickness on group II metal copings than on group I copings. Fracture resistance was highest for IPSd SIGN followed by that of Vita/VMK-95 and superporcelain.

Clinical significance

A 3.00 mm incisal ceramic thickness offered greater fracture resistance in comparison to lower values of incisal thickness; IPSd SIGN offered greatest fracture resistance followed by that of Vita/VMK-95 and superporcelain.

How to cite this article

Danappanavar PM, Nanda Z, Bhaskar M, Gowd V, Molugu M, Reddy KA, Reddy RK, Kumar MA. Comparative Evaluation of Resistance Failure in Nonprecious Metal-Ceramic Restoration at the Incisal Edge with Varying Thickness Under Different Application of Load: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):434-440.
Permeability Evaluation after Decay Removal in Primary Teeth with Current Caries-excavation Techniques
Authors: Shabzendedar Mahbobeh , Moosavi Horieh , Talbi Maryam , Sharifi Marjan
Published: January 2012

Aim

The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of caries removal by three various methods on the permeability of class II composite resin restorations in primary molar teeth.

Materials and methods

Forty-five recently extracted primary molars were randomly assigned to three groups for three different methods of caries removal; group 1-mechanical, group 2-caries detector dye, and group 3-Carisolv (n = 15). After that, class II cavities in all groups were restored with the adhesive (Opti Bond Solo Plus) that was applied according to the manufacturer's instruction and a posterior composite (Herculite XRV), which was used incrementally. After 24 hours the samples were thermocycled in water for 500 cycles between 5 and 55°C with a dwell time of 30 sec. Permeability was assessed by the fluid filtration method. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA test while study groups were compared with Tukey test for statistically significant differences at a 5% significance level.

Results

The evaluation of tested groups indicated that the highest (0.80) and least (0.37) mean of permeability was observed in group 2 and 3 respectively. Significant difference was revealed among the tested groups (p = 0.045). The comparison of Carisolv and caries detector dye groups indicated a statistically significant difference (p = 0.037). There was not any significant difference between Carisolv or caries dye in the conventional group.

Conclusion

Using the chemomechanical and staining methods for caries removal had no more detrimental effect on permeability than the conventional technique. However, caries detection dye for caries removal could be more harmful than chemomechanical method.

Clinical significance

None of the current caries-excavation techniques could eliminate permeability in class II composite resin restorations. Furthermore, staining methods do not have an adverse effect on sealing ability in comparison to the conventional technique.

How to cite this article

Shabzendedar M, Moosavi H, Talbi M, Sharifi M. Permeability Evaluation after Decay Removal in Primary Teeth with Current Caries-excavation Techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):441-446.
Alterations in Serum Lipid Profile Patterns in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Ghosh Gaurav , Jayaram Krithika M , Patil Rekha V , Malik Sangeeta
Published: January 2012

Aim

Altered lipid profile patterns have been associated with malignancies because lipids play a pivotal role in the maintenance of cell integrity. The present study evaluated alterations in serum lipid profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients as well as its association with the habit of tobacco consumption.

Materials and methods

The study included 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, 20 patients with the habit of tobacco consumption and 20 controls. Serum lipids, including (i) total cholesterol, (ii) LDL cholesterol (LDLC), (iii) HDL cholesterol (HDLC), (iv) VLDL cholesterol (VLDLC) and (v) triglycerides, were analyzed by spectrophotometric kits.

Results

A significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TC) levels, triglyceride levels (p = 0.007, p = 0.029 respectively) were observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients as compared to the healthy control group. The mean serum HDLC levels (p = 0.003) were significantly lowered in the tobacco habituates when compared to the healthy controls. The mean serum total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.000) as compared to the tobacco habituates. Likewise, LDLC levels and TC:HDLC ratios (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000 respectively) were significantly decreased in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients as compared to the tobacco habituates. Our data strengthens the evidence of an inverse relationship between serum lipid levels and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion

The lower level of serum cholesterol and other lipid constituents in the patients is thought to be due to their increased usage by tumor cells for new membrane biogenesis.

Clinical significance

The lower serum lipid profile status serves as a useful indicator for gauging initial changes occurring in tumor cells. A detailed study of the cholesterol carrying lipoprotein transport mechanisms helps in better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the regulation of serum cholesterol concentrations in cancer.

How to cite this article

Ghosh G, Jayaram KM, Patil RV, Malik S. Alterations in Serum Lipid Profile Patterns in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6): 451-456.
Nonfluoride Caries-preventive Agents: New Guidelines
Authors: Pickett Frieda Atherton
Published: January 2012

Nonfluoride caries-prevention agents have been developed and promoted to the dental profession in the recent past. The oral healthcare professional is encouraged to use evidence-based information when making clinical decisions. Recently, a systematic review was completed by a panel of experts convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs and recommendations were developed to address efficacy of nonfluoride agents in reducing the incidence of caries and arresting or reversing the progression of caries. The panel found that all nonfluoride agents should be used as adjuncts, following initial use of primary caries prevention strategies (fluoride, sealants, anticaries diet). This paper discusses the levels of certainty for evidence statements and clinical applications of these recommendations.

Clinical significance

The panel concluded that certain nonfluoride agents may provide some benefits as adjunctive therapies in children and adults at higher risk of developing caries.

How to cite this article

Pickett FA. Nonfluoride Cariespreventive Agents: New Guidelines. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011; 12(6):469-474.
Soft Skill Appraisal for Dentistry: A Tool for Positive Practice Management
Authors: Husain Nadeem , Bendgude Vikas , Tandon Piyush , Jawale Bhushan Arun , Thosar Nilima
Published: January 2012

Soft skills adoption is a learning experience for every practitioner and every academician. Author has expressed his opinion for success through educational and real values of soft skill. Soft skills behavior of individual and institution help in achieving desirable goals in general and specialty practices. Author also focused on some realistic soft skill methods for improvisation of practices for all doctor.

Conclusion

These skills indulge positive energy in human relationship for working in symbiosis and explore infinite capabilities at institutional and doctoral level. Here, some optimistic suggestions are given for improving dental practices and academic fulfillments.

Clinical significance

These soft skills help to organize, plan and manage, and track changes during the course of the growing dental practices. However, understanding of the soft skills in practice management, its simplicity and complexity and also, its contributing factors, helps practitioners to understand the dynamic, social and complex contexts of practices. It is really helpful to all practitioners to grow their practices using soft skills.

How to cite this article

Jawale BA, Bendgude V, Husain N, Thosar N, Tandon P. Soft Skill Appraisal for Dentistry: A Tool for Positive Practice Management. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):475-478.
Treatment of Lymphangioma with CO2 Laser in the Mandibular Alveolar Mucosa
Authors: Arslan Ahmet , Gursoy Hare , Cologlu Sedat
Published: January 2012

Objective

In this case report, treatment of lymphangioma (a red-purple vesicular apperance, nonulcerated lesion, located on the gingiva of the mandibular alveolar bone) with CO2 laser on a 63-year-old female patient and 2 years clinical outcome is presented.

Background

Lymphangiomas are hemorrhagic, rare, benign hamartomatous tumors of lymphatic system have a marked predilection for the head, neck and oral cavity. Lymphangiomas are congenital lesions and an often present at or around the time of birth (60%). Among the dental laser systems, CO2 laser is the most suitable instrument for the treatment of soft tissue pathologies because of its affinity for water-based tissues. The absorbed energy causes vaporization of the intra- and extracellular fluid and destruction of the cell membranes. A major advantage of the 10.600 nm wavelength CO2 laser is its ability to seal blood vessels during surgery and to make the excision of vascular lesions with its hemostatic effect.

Methods

CO2 laser application (focused CO2 laser beam, 10.600 nm) was performed in a separate operation room at 3 watt (W), continous wave (CW) with 90 degree angle tip under local anesthesia. The mouth was protected from reflection of the laser by wet gauzes. The wound formed by laser was left open to secondary epithelization. Excessive bleeding was not observed during the procedure. The wound formed by laser was left open to secondary epithelization. Neither sutures nor dressings were used after surgery. Only paracetamol and chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash were prescribed during the postoperative period. There was no postsurgical complaints from the patient.

Results

CO2 laser worked well while making the excision with its hemostatic effect. No recurrence was seen in the two years follow-up period.

Conclusion

CO2 laser therapy can be used as a primary alternative method in the treatment of lymphangiomas. It can be safely used and recurrence may be less than conventional excision with scalpel. However, long-term clinical follow-up is neccessary for the recurrence of the lesion.

Clinical significance

CO2 laser treatment can be used safely in the treatment of lymphangiomas.

How to cite this article

Arslan A, Gursoy H, Cologlu S. Treatment of Lymphangioma with CO2 Laser in the Mandibular Alveolar Mucosa. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):493-496.