bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AMPA Receptor Antagonist CFM-2 Decreases Survivin Expression in Cancer Cells
Authors: Ruiz Domingo Sanchez , Luksch Hella , Sifringer Marco , Temme Achim , Staufner Christian , Rzeski Wojciech , Marzahn Jenny , Grabarska Aneta , Ikonomidou Chrysanthy , Stepulak Andrzej
Published: March 2018

Background:

Glutamate receptors are widely expressed in different types of cancer cells. α-Amino-3-
hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptors are ionotropic glutamate receptors which are coupled
to intracellular signaling pathways that influence cancer cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Blockade
of AMPA receptors by pharmacologic compounds may potentially constitute an effective tool in anticancer
treatment strategies.

Method:

Here we investigated the impact of the AMPA receptor antagonist CFM-2 on the expression of the
protein survivin, which is known to promote cancer cell survival and proliferation. We show that CFM-2 inhibits
survivin expression at mRNA and protein levels and decreases the viability of cancer cells. Using a stably
transfected cell line which overexpresses survivin, we demonstrate that over-expression of survivin enhances
cancer cell viability and attenuates CFM-2–mediated inhibition of cancer cell growth.

Result:

These findings point towards suppression of survivin expression as a new mechanism contributing to
anticancer effects of AMPA antagonists.
PLK1 Inhibition Radiosensitizes Breast Cancer Cells, but Shows Low Efficacy as Monotherapy or in Combination with other Cytotoxic Drugs
Authors: Brassesco María Sol , Pezuk Julia Alejandra , Salomão Karina Bezerra , Roberto Gabriela Molinari , Scrideli Carlos Alberto , Tone Luiz Gonzaga
Published: March 2018

Background and Purpose:

Over the last decade, the inhibition of PLK1 has proven potent antiproliferative
activity in vitro. However, the effectiveness of most synthetic targeted drugs has not yet been
translated into clinics. Herein, we investigated the in vitro effects of two second-generation PLK1 inhibitors BI
6727 and GSK461364 in breast cancer cell lines as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs or ionizing
radiation.

Material and Methods:

Cell survival was analyzed through XTT®, clonogenicity and caspase-3 activation assays
were also studied, and drug interactions analyzed through a nonlinear regression of a sigmoid doseresponse
model. Sensibilization to radiation was assessed through enhancement ratio calculation.

Results:

Mild effects on the viability of both cell lines tested (MCF-7 and Hs578T) were observed irrespective
of the used PLK1 inhibitor. Alternatively, abrogation of PLK1 significantly reduced clonogenicity while effectively
sensitized cells to ionizing radiation. Drug interactions showed dissimilar results with antagonistic effects
with any drug combination in MCF-7 and clear synergic interactions between both PLK1 inhibitors and cisplatin,
temozolomide or doxorubicin in Hs578T, which is TP53 mutated.

Conclusion:

Targeting kinases involved in mitotic checkpoints are expected to prevent mitotic exit and enhance
chemosensitization. Nonetheless, despite overexpressing PLK1, in our model, expressive results after its inhibition
were only seen through clonogenic assays or when BI 6727 and GSK461364 were combined with ionizing
radiation. Disparate responses of cell lines to drug combinations might denote a partial reflection of the substantial
differences in the vast spectrum of genetic, biological and epigenetic burden observed in breast cancer. In
the near future, individual genomic/proteomic profiling will allow its further classification and will consent the
initiation of novel strategies for therapy. Even though the future impact of PLK1-tailored treatment still needs
validation, much more pre-clinical and clinical research for this kinase are warranted.
Bupropion Hcl Tedavisinde Gelişen Alerjik Reaksiyon: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Gücük Sebahat
Published: March 2018

Sigara kullanımı, kalp ve damar hastalıkları, kanserler ve solunum yolu hastalıklarına yol açan, önlenebilir ölüm ve sakatlık nedenlerinin başında yer almaktadır. Bupropion HCL bir antidepresan olup sigara içme isteğini ve yoksunluk yakınmalarının şiddetini azaltmaktadır. En yaygın yan etkisi; ağız kuruluğu, uykusuzluk, uyku bölünmeleri, deride kızarıklık ve kaşıntı olup alerjik reaksiyon riski 1/1000-10000'dir. Sigara bırakmada Bupropion HCL ile tedavi olan hastaların tedaviyi yarım bırakma nedenlerinden en sık olumsuz etki tremor ve döküntü olarak bildirilmiştir. Bu makalemizde, hastalarımıza verdiğimiz sağlık hizmetlerinde basit öykü alma ve fizik muayenenin hastalarımız açısından ne kadar önemli olduğu vurgulanmak istenmiştir.
Yazılı Basında Aile Yaşam Olayları
Authors: Karahan Gül , Duyan Veli
Published: March 2018

Giriş: Aileyi ve aileyi oluşturan bireyleri, içinde yaşadıkları toplumsal yapıdan ayrı düşünmek elbette mümkün değildir. Aile içinde bulunduğu toplumun siyasal, dini, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel yapısıyla belirlenmekte ve aynı zamanda tüm bu yapıları etkilemektedir. Aileyi anlamak, toplumu anlamak için nasıl bir elzem ise toplumu anlamak da aileyi anlamak için bir ön koşuldur. Çok boyutlu bir kavram olan aileyi anlamak; alt sistemlerini, yapısını, işlevlerini, yaşam döngüsünü, gelişimini, yaşam olaylarını anlamak demektir. Bu çalışma ile, aileyi anlamanın bir boyutu olarak, ailelerin yaşam olaylarına ilişkin genel toplumsal bakışı anlamaya yönelik bilgi üretmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan doküman analizi yöntemi ve içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Toplumsal yaşamın, en etkili güçlerinden birisi olan medyanın güçlü bir kolu olan yazılı basın seçilmiş ve geniş kitlelere ulaşma ve farklı toplumsal kesimlere hitap etme ön koşuluyla belirlenen 4 ulusal gazetenin, 30 takvim gününe ait toplam 120 günlük baskısı üzerinde çalışılmıştır. İlk aşamada, 11.173 haber taramasıyla 545 aile yaşam olayı haberi tespit edilen çalışmada, ikinci aşamada tespit edilen tüm aile yaşam olayı haberleri tek tek analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada karşılaşılan sonuç, ailenin de tıpkı toplumun bizzat kendisi gibi eşitsiz, adaletsiz ve güç ilişkilerine dayalı bir zemin üzerinde oturduğudur. Şiddet, taciz, tecavüz, cinsiyet ayrımı ve istismarın dokunulmaz ilan edilip, kutsanan bir yapı olarak aile içinde varlığını sürdürdüğü ve yine aynı yapı içindeki mekanizmalarla kendini yeniden üreten bir döngüye de sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Medyanın yalnızca şiddet, cinayet, kadın cinayeti, intihar, kaza gibi yaşam olaylarını görünür kıldığı ve hatta bir adım daha ileri götürüp normalleştirdiği ve bu yaşam olaylarını aynı eşitsiz, eril, sorgulamaktan uzak ve mağduru tekrar mağdur eden bir dille verdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Ebeveyn-Çocuk İlişkisi ve Zorbalık
Authors: Özada Ayşe , Duyan Veli
Published: March 2018

Okullarda yaşanan saldırgan davranışlar tüm dünyada yaygın bir problemdir. Çocukların maruz kaldığı saldırgan davranışların en yaygın şeklinin zorbalık olduğundan bahsedilmektedir. Zorbalığın fiziksel, sözel, sanal ve dolaylı pek çok türü bulunmaktadır. Uzun dönemdeki etkileri incelendiğinde zorba eylemler hem uygulayan hem de maruz kalan açısından olumsuz sonuçlara neden olmaktadır. Zorbalık uygulayan öğrenciler sosyal ve ruhsal problemler yaşayabileceği gibi, yetişkinlik döneminde zorba eylemlerde bulunmayan kişilere kıyasla daha yüksek oranda suç işleme ve psikiyatrik rahatsızlık yaşama olasılığına sahiptir. Zorbalığın nedenleri çeşitlidir ve genellikle tek bir nedenle açıklanamamaktadır. Ailenin çocuk üzerindeki etkisi düşünüldüğünde aile ilişkilerinin zorba davranışlar uygulama ve zorba davranışlara maruz kalmada önemli bir belirleyici olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu açıdan, sağlıklı kimlik gelişimi için zorba eylemleri önlemeye ve azaltmaya yönelik müdahaleler geliştirip uygularken ailenin katılımının sağlanması önemli görülmektedir.
Should Iodine be Supported in Pregnancy? A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Parıldar Hülya , Aksan Desteli Güldeniz , Bildacı Tevfik Berk , Ciğerli Özlem
Published: March 2018

Objective:

Iodine deficiency causes adverse effects in

pregnant women and neurological-cognitive disorders in their babies. Our aim

was to define the status of iodine deficiency among pregnant women, who

attended our hospital outpatient polyclinics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study

was performed in 2014 with 94 pregnant women. Iodine levels in spot urine and

serum thyroid hormones have been analyzed. The iodine levels of spot urine less

than 150 µg/L were accepted as iodine deficiency. Results: The mean age was 30.6±3.92 years, mean gestational age was

18.9±9.64 weeks. Mean urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) were 160.32±5.88 μg/L

and the ratio of pregnant women whose UIC less than 150 μg/L was 33% (n=31) and

the percentage of the women, who declared iodised salt use was 90.2%. Conclusion: In this study, in one-third

of pregnant women the urine iodine concentrations were inadequate despite the

high rate of iodised salt intake. Nevertheless, most prenatal vitamins and

salts do not include adequate iodine, iodine monitoring and supplementation may

be recommended before and during pregnancy.Giriş: İyot eksikliği, gebelerde olumsuz etkilere, bebeklerinde ise nörokognitif

bozukluklara neden olmaktadır. Çalışmamızda hastanemiz polikliniklerine

başvuran gebe kadınlarda iyot eksikliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı

çalışmaya, 2014 yılında takip edilen, 94 gebe dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya

alınan gebelerin, anlık (spot) idrarda iyot düzeyleri ve tiroid fonksiyon

testleri analiz edilmiştir. Spot idrarda iyot düzeyi <150 µg/L ise iyot eksikliği

olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda

ortalama yaş 30,6±3,92 yıl, ortalama gebelik yaşı 18,9±9,64 hafta idi. Ortalama

idrar iyot atılımı 160,32±5,88 μg/L olarak saptanmış olup, iyot eksikliği

olanların oranı %33 olarak bulunmuştur. İyot katkılı tuz kullandığını belirten

gebelerin oranı %90,2 idi. Sonuç: İyot

katkılı tuz kullanımının yüksek oranda olmasına karşın, gebelerin üçte birinde

idrar iyot düzeyleri yetersiz düzeyde saptanmıştır. Bulgularımız, gebelerde

iyot eksikliği prevalansının önemli bir düzeyde olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.

Ülkemizde prenatal vitaminlerin çoğunda ve tuzlarda yeterli iyot

bulunmamaktadır, bu nedenle gebelik sırasında veya öncesinde iyot durumunun

değerlendirilmesi ve desteklenmesi önerilebilir.
U.S. Dental Schools’ Preparation for the Integrated National Board Dental Examination
Authors: Duong Mai-Ly T. , Cothron Annaliese E. , Lawson Nathaniel C. , Doherty Eileen H.
Published: March 2018

An Integrated National Board Dental Examination (INBDE) combining basic, behavioral, and clinical sciences will be implemented in 2020 to replace the current two‐part National Board Dental Examination required for all candidates who seek to practice dentistry in the U.S. The aims of this study were to determine how U.S. dental schools are preparing for implementation of the INBDE and to assess their top administrators’ attitudes about the new exam. A total of 150 deans, academic deans, and other administrators at all 64 U.S. dental schools with graduating classes in 2016 were emailed a 19‐question electronic survey. The survey questions addressed the respondents’ level of support, perceived benefits and challenges, and planned preparation strategies for the INBDE. The individual response rate was 59%, representing 57 of the 64 schools. Approximately 60% of the respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that they support the integrated exam, while roughly 25% either somewhat or strongly disagreed. While most respondents (72%) reported that their institutions would be prepared for the INBDE, 74% reported that the merged exam created additional strain for their institutions. Respondents reported viewing content integration and clinical applicability as benefits of the INBDE, while required curriculum changes and student preparedness and stress were seen as challenges. Most of the respondents reported their schools were currently employing strategies to prepare for the INBDE including meetings with faculty and students and changes to curricula and course content. The beginning of the fourth year and the end of the third year were the most frequently reported times when schools planned to require students to take the INBDE, although almost half of the respondents did not yet know what it would be required at their school. Several schools were reconsidering using the boards as a passing requirement. This study found that support for the INBDE was not universal, but strategies are under way to prepare students, faculty, and curricula for this new means of assessment.
Estructura y composición de leñosas en dos bosques de las regiones Mixteca y Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Silva Aparicio Marisa , Castro Ramírez Adriana Elena , Castillo Campos Gonzalo
Published: March 2018

Oaxaca es la entidad mexicana con mayor biodiversidad; sin embargo, tiene pocas áreas naturales protegidas, las cuales son una de las estrategias gubernamentales más importantes para la conservación. Además, existen, de reciente creación y por decreto oficial, las áreas destinadas voluntariamente para la conservación y las áreas de uso común (con libre manejo por parte de los usuarios). Las tendencias de deforestación llaman la atención, por lo que es necesario saber qué está pasando con las arbóreas. En este estudio se compara la estructura y composición de leñosas (como organismos que definen los ecosistemas terrestres) entre los tres tipos de área, en dos diferentes regiones: la Mixteca con bosque de encino y Valles Centrales con selva baja caducifolia. En cada área, sobre un transecto, se trazaron 15 cuadros de 100 m2 (parcelas) donde se registraron los individuos con diámetro a la altura del pecho ≥ 2.5 cm. Con el índice de Jaccard (datos florísticos de las parcelas) se evaluó la similitud entre áreas de cada región. Se estimaron diversidad, valor de importancia relativa, densidad, frecuencia y área basal. En los Valles Centrales con selva baja caducifolia se registraron 28 especies de 25 géneros y 13 familias; la similitud formó dos grupos y la densidad difirió significativamente. En la Mixteca con bosque de encino se registraron 51 especies de 37 géneros y 24 familias; la similitud articuló dos grupos y la riqueza difirió estadísticamente. La estructura de leñosas es similar entre áreas naturales protegidas y áreas de uso común de Valles Centrales. En la Mixteca, el área de uso común fue la más diversa.
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Effect for Improving Nonclinical Depressive Symptoms Among Workers Differs by Time Preference: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Imamura Kotaro , Furukawa Toshi A , Matsuyama Yutaka , Shimazu Akihito , Kuribayashi Kazuto , Kasai Kiyoto , Kawakami Norito
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown a significant intervention effect of internet-based computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) on improving nonclinical depressive symptoms among healthy workers and community residents in a primary prevention setting. Time preference is one’s relative valuation for having a reward (eg, money) at present than at a later date. Time preference may affect the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy.

OBJECTIVE

This RCT aimed to test the difference of intervention effect of an iCBT program on improving nonclinical depressive symptoms between two subgroups classified post-hoc on the basis of time preference among workers in Japan.

METHODS

All workers in one corporate group (approximate n=20,000) were recruited. Participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to either intervention or control groups. Participants in the intervention group completed 6 weekly lessons and homework assignments within the iCBT program. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Kessler’s Psychological Distress Scale (K6) measures were obtained at baseline and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Two subgroups were defined by the median of time preference score at baseline.

RESULTS

Only few (835/20,000, 4.2%) workers completed the baseline survey. Of the 835 participants, 706 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Participants who selected irrational time preference options were excluded (21 and 18 participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively). A three-way interaction (group [intervention/control] × time [baseline/follow-up] × time preference [higher/lower]) effect of iCBT was significant for BDI-II (t1147.42=2.33, P=.02) and K6 (t1254.04=2.51, P=.01) at the 3-month follow-up, with a greater effect of the iCBT in the group with higher time preference. No significant three-way interaction was found at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups.

CONCLUSIONS

The effects of the iCBT were greater for the group with higher time preference at the shorter follow-up, but it was leveled off later. Workers with higher time preference may change their cognition or behavior more quickly, but these changes may not persist.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN000014146; URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000016466
(Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/70o2rNk2V)
Evaluation of a Mobile Device Survey System for Behavioral Risk Factors (SHAPE): App Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Oakley-Girvan Ingrid , Lavista Juan M , Miller Yasamin , Davis Sharon , Acle Carlos , Hancock Jeffrey , Nelson Lorene M
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Risk factors, including limited exercise, poor sleep, smoking, and alcohol and drug use, if mitigated early, can improve long-term health. Risk prevalence has traditionally been measured using methods that now have diminished participation rates. With >75% of American citizens owning smartphones, new data collection methods using mobile apps can be evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a mobile device–based survey system for behavioral risk assessment. Specifically, we evaluated its feasibility, usability, acceptability, and validity.

METHODS

We enrolled 536 students from 3 Vermont State Colleges. Iterative mobile app development incorporated focus groups, extensive testing, and the following 4 app versions: iOS standard, iOS gamified, Android standard, and Android gamified. We aimed to capture survey data, paradata, and ambient data such as geolocation. Using 3 separate surveys, we asked a total of 27 questions that included demographic characteristics, behavioral health, and questions regarding the app’s usability and survey process.

RESULTS

Planned enrollment was exceeded in just a few days. There were 1392 “hits” to the landing page where the app could be downloaded. Excluding known project testers and others not part of the study population, 670 participants downloadeded the SHAPE app. Of those, 94.9% of participants (636/670) agreed to participate by providing in-app consent. Of the 636 who provided consent, 84.3% (536/636) were deemed eligible for the study. The majority of eligible respondents completed the initial survey (459/536, 85.6%), whereas 29.9% (160/536) completed the second survey and 28.5% (153/536) completed the third survey. The SHAPE survey obtained 414 participants on the behavioral risk items in survey 1, which is nearly double the 209 participants who completed the traditional Vermont College Health Survey in 2014. SHAPE survey responses were consistent with the traditionally collected Vermont College Health Survey data.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides data highlighting the potential for mobile apps to improve population-based health, including an assessment of recruitment methods, burden and response rapidity, and future adaptations. Although gamification and monetary rewards were relatively unimportant to this study population, item response theory may be technologically feasible to reduce individual survey burden. Additional data collected by smartphones, such as geolocation, could be important in additional analysis, such as neighborhood characteristics and their impact on behavioral risk factors. Mobile tools that offer rapid adaptation for specific populations may improve research data collection for primary prevention and could be used to improve engagement and health outcomes.
Smartphones and medical apps in modern medicine: breaking the health norms (Preprint)
Authors: Acharya Yogesh
Published: March 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

Smartphones technology (s-tech) has been applied effectively in health education, personal health monitoring, tele-medicine, drug compliance monitoring and data collection in modern times. With an approximately more than 40,000 available mobile health apps, s-tech has established itself as a strong predictor of modern health monitoring. It is necessary that s-tech should be evidence based, scientific, user friendly and crater the health needs of target user groups. Although smartphones open a wide opportunity for effective health system delivery, there are clear concerns regarding the validation and effectiveness of these available mobile apps.
Synthesis of Zeolite from Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as Structure Directing Agent
Authors: Sriatun Sriatun , Taslimah Taslimah , Suyati Linda
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to synthesize zeolite from sugarcane bagasse ash using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as structure directing agent. This research used cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant to invent the high porosity, surface area, acidity and thermal stability of synthesized zeolite. The Silica was extracted by alkaline fusion using sodium hydroxide solution. The synthesis was conducted by hydrothermal process at 100 °C for 7 days, ageing process for 24 h and calcination at 500 °C for 5 h. The ratio of Si/Al (v/v) was 1, 15 and 25, meanwhile the concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was 5x10-4 M, 1x10-3 M and 1x10-2 M. The result showed all of product have strong absorbance at 950–1050 cm-1 and 620–690 cm-1, 420–460 cm-1, double ring at 520–570 cm-1, pore opening at 300–370 cm-1. Vibration of –OH as silanol group or water was indicated by broad absorbance at 3400–3450 cm-1. The diffractograms XRD showed that the product had high crystallinity. The composition of product on ratio Si/Al 1 with concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium 10-2 M is sodalite, the ratio Si/Al 15 and 25 are NaP1 and SiO2 quartz and contain 12.23% and 12.19% of Si, 4.17% and 13.18% of Al, respectively. Observation on SEM revealed that the crystal produced using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were homogenous and regular in shape.
Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of the Southern Coast of Pacitan, Indonesia
Authors: Yona Defri , Fuad Mochamad Arif Zainul , Hidayati Nurin
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted to analyze the spatial distribution of heavy metals from four different coastal areas in southern Pacitan, Indonesia: Pantai Watu Karung (WK), Pantai Teleng Ria (TL), Pantai Pancer (TP) dan Pantai Soge (SG). Data collected in this study included: temperature, salinity, DO, pH, sediment, organic matter and heavy metals in the sediments (Pb, Hg and Cd). The results showed different distribution patterns of heavy metals. Heavy metal concentrations, especially Pb and Hg, were found to be higher in Pantai Soge, while the concentration of Cd was higher in Pantai Pancer. An ANOVA test showed the distributions of Pb and Cd were significantly different (p < 0.01) between sampling sites. Variability of the physicochemical parameters influenced the variabilities of heavy metal concentrations among sampling sites. Overall, heavy metal concentrations in the study areas are rather low; however, attention is still needed due to heavy activities in the coastal areas of southern Pacitan that can contribute to heavy metal pollution.
Hydrocracking of α-Cellulose Using Co, Ni, and Pd Supported on Mordenite Catalysts
Authors: Trisunaryanti Wega , Triyono Triyono , Armunanto Ria , Hastuti Lathifah Puji , Ristiana Desinta Dwi , Ginting Resi Vita
Published: March 2018

Hydrocracking of α-cellulose has been conducted in a semi-batch reactor at 400, 450, and 500 °C with hydrogen flow (30 mL/min.) for 4 h. Mordenite (MOR) and Co, Ni and Pd metal supported on the MOR were used as solid catalysts. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the physical-chemical properties. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) were used to analyze the amount of metal impregnated on the catalysts. The liquid product was analyzed using Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Thermal hydrocracking was also conducted at 450 °C with the amount of liquid product was 37.86 wt.%. The highest liquid conversion obtained by mordenite catalyst was 94.66 wt.% at 450 °C and the highest liquid conversion (98.08 wt.%) was reached by Pd/MOR catalyst at 400 °C.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Urban Crime Pattern and its Implication for Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria
Authors: Adewuyi Taiye Oluwafemi , Eneji Patrick Ali , Baduku Anthonia Silas , Olofin Emmanuel Ajayi
Published: March 2018

This study examined the spatio-temporal analysis of urban crime pattern and its implication for Abuja Municipal Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria; it has the aim of using Geographical Information System to improve criminal justice system. The aim was achieved by establishing crime incident spots, types of crime committed, the time it occurred and factors responsible for prevailing crime. The methods for data collection involved Geoinformatics through the use of remote sensing and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for spatial data. Questionnaires were administered for other attribute information required. The analysis carried out in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment especially for mapping and the establishment of spatial patterns.  The results indicated that the main types of crime committed were theft and house breaking (42.9%), followed by assault (12.4%), mischief (11.3%), forgery (10.5%), car snatching (9.05%), armed robbery (8.5%), trespass (5.2%) and culpable homicide (0.2%). In terms of hot spots the districts recorded the following: Garki (27.62%), Maitama (25.7%), Utako (24.3%), Wuse (20.9%) and Asokoro district (1.4%) respectively with most of the crime committed during the day time. Many attributed the crimes to mainly high rate of unemployment and poverty (79.1%). Consequently to reduce the crime rate, the socio-economic situation of the city must be improved through properly constructed interventions scheme in areas known to quickly generate employment such as agriculture, small and medium scale enterprises, mining and tourism.
Modified Atmosphere Packaging Improves Surface Color of Dark-Cutting Beef
Authors: Mitacek R. M. , English A. R. , Mafi G. G. , VanOverbeke D. L. , Ramanathan R.
Published: March 2018

The objective was to determine the effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the surface color of dark-cutting beef that had been aged for 21 d. The USDA Choice (normal-pH; IMPS #180) strip loins (n = 10) and no-roll dark-cutter strip loins (n = 10) were obtained from a commercial packing plant within 72 h of harvest. Both normal-pH and dark-cutting beef were vacuum packaged and aged for 21 d. Steaks were cut from both normal and dark-cutting loins, assigned to 1 of 3 packaging treatments; PVC, HiOx-MAP, and CO-MAP, and stored in a simulated retail display under continuous fluorescent lighting at 2°C for 6 d. Instrumental and visual color were measured every 24 h. Thiobarbituric acid assay was used as an indicator for lipid oxidation. There was a packaging × muscle type × display time interaction (P < 0.0001) for instrumental and visual color. On d 1 of display, dark-cutting steaks packaged in HiOx-MAP had greater (P < 0.001) a* values and chroma than dark-cutting PVC steaks. On d 6 of the display, dark-cutting steaks packaged in CO-MAP had 10 units greater a* values than dark-cutting steaks packaged in PVC. The visual panel also noted less muscle darkening (P < 0.002) in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP compared with steaks packaged in PVC on d 6 of the display. There was less surface discoloration (P < 0.001) in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP dark-cutting steaks compared with PVC dark-cutting steaks by the end of the display. There was a packaging × muscle type interaction for instrumental L* values and lipid oxidation. Dark-cutting steaks packaged in HiOx-MAP and CO-MAP had greater (P < 0.05) L* values compared with dark-cutting steaks in PVC packaging. In conclusion, HiOx-MAP improved redness of dark-cutting beef during the initial phase of display, while CO-MAP resulted in a stable red color.
Staļina nāve kā padomju mitoloģijas fenomens dzīvesstāstu kontekstā
Authors: Barovskis Ingus
Published: March 2018

Rakstā aplūkota Josifa Staļina nāve kā padomju mitoloģijas fenomens, par avotu bāzi izmantojot 2014.–2017. gadā iegūtās dzīvesstāstu intervijas dažādos Latvijas reģionos. Ņemot vērā padomju politiskā režīma izteikto mītradi un vadoņa kultu, Staļina nāves fakts kļūst par dažādu mītu un anekdotisku notikumu un citu fenomenu pamatu. Tā kā noteiktā laika posmā Staļina tēls iemieso izteiktāko padomju varas Olimpa ideju, būtisks ir jautājums par rituālajām darbībām, kas paredzētas šī fenomena kontekstā. Tāpēc rakstā gan aplūkots vadoņa kults un tā izpausmes dzīvesstāstu kontekstā, gan arī izmantoti attiecīgajā laikā izsūtīto cilvēku atmiņu pieraksti un publicējumi.
Ieskats Graudu ģimenes rēderejas darbībā trimdā
Authors: Beitlers Dāvis
Published: March 2018

Rakstā sniegts neliels ieskats Friča Grauda (1888–1942), lielākā starpkaru Latvijas laika kuģīpašnieka, kuģu un rēderejas liktenī pēc Latvijas okupācijas un aneksijas 1940. gadā. Tā kā F. Grauda kuģi nonāca Rietumvalstīs, caur konkrētā piemēra prizmu aplūkotas latviešu trimdas saimnieciskās aktivitātes, pieskaroties arī zināmu elementu pārmantotībai no starpkaru Latvijas perioda. Šāds skats uz latviešu trimdas vēsturi Latvijas historiogrāfijā nav ierasta parādība – esam raduši uzlūkot, vētīt un analizēt pamatā trimdā vērojamos kultūras procesus, nedaudz arī diplomātiski politiskās norises un šo jomu mijiedarbi ar padomju posma un mūsdienu Latvijas realitāti.
STUDENTS’ GEOMETRIC THINKING BASED ON VAN HIELE’S THEORY
Authors: Fitriyani Harina , Widodo Sri Adi , Hendroanto Aan
Published: March 2018

The current study aims to identify the development level of students’ geometric thinking in mathematics education department, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan based on van Hiele’s theory. This is a descriptive qualitative research with the respondents as many as 129 students. In addition to researchers, the instrument used in this study is a test consisting of 25 items multiple choice questions. The data is analyzed by using Milles and Huberman model. The result shows that there were 30,65% of students in pre-visualization level, 21,51% of students in visualizes level, and 29,03% of students in analyze level, 16,67% of students in informal deduction level, 2,15% of students in deduction level, and 0,00% of student in rigor level. Furthermore, findings indicated a transition level among development levels of geometric thinking in pre-analyze, pre-informal deduction, pre-deduction, and pre-rigor that were 20%; 13,44%; 6,45%; 1,08% respectively. The other findings were 40,32% of students were difficult to determine and 4,3% of students cannot be identified.
DESIGN OF LEARNING MATERIALS ON LIMIT FUNCTION BASED MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Noto Muchamad Subali , Pramuditya Surya Amami , Fiqri Yudrick Maulana
Published: March 2018

In learning process, students are currently cannot be separated from learning difficulties, including the study material algebra limit function. It because the level of students' mathematical understanding regarding the material is still quite low. This study aimed to analyze the barriers to student learning, designing learning materials based on the material mathematics understanding algebra limit function is valid, determine teacher intervention during the implementation of learning materials and to analyze barriers to student learning after the implementation of learning materials. This research is a qualitative research study design using the form Didactical Design Research. Stages of research conducted: 1) analysis of the situation didactic before learning, 2) analysis of metapedadidatik and 3) the retrospective analysis. Data collection techniques used were tests, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The instrument used was a matter TKPM (Comprehension Mathematical Ability Test), interview, validation sheet materials, and documentation guidelines. Research results obtained are students experiencing obstacle to learning the material limit algebra functions. These obstacles are 1) students' difficulties in relating the material prerequisites to limit problems. 2) students can not write properly limit symbol, 3) students can not apply a limit theorem, 4) students are not able to determine the limit value at one point, and 5) students cannot determine the value of the limit at infinity. Learning materials that have been made have validation level of  with very valid criteria. The response was given when the student intervention, generally in accordance with response prediction so that interventions carried out in accordance with the design that has been made. After learning materials student learning obstacles implemented reduced/minimized.
ZAWAHIR AL-TAQDIM WA AL-TA’KHIR FI SURAH AL-FATIHAH: DIRASAH BALAGIYYAH
Authors: Nurdianto Talqis
Published: March 2018

The study of the introduction and delay of the basic detective in the science of Arabic rhetoric, it is one of the pillars on which the science of the meanings, because of the relevance of the purpose of the speaker, and the address and the place where the speech. Which are the meanings of the meaning of the meanings in the quest to develop controls that reach the meaning of speaking to the addresser intact? This research is based on the theory of eloquence about the introduction and delay and its methodology is a library research, and the Qur'anic text is the subject of it, namely Al-Fatihah And the stages in the analysis of the text passed by the researcher (1) comes the statement and search for the meaning of submission and delay when the Balaghein, including Abdul Qahir Jirjani and Sakkaki (2) submission and delay in interpreting the opening of the book when the interpreters, (3) Al-Fatiha has ten attributes, including five attributes of God Almighty, the Lord, the Merciful, the Merciful, the Owner, and five attributes of the slave, namely, slavery, seeking help, seeking guidance, seeking grace.
Observations of Long-distance Post-release Dispersal by Reintroduced Bison (Bison bison)
Authors: Jung Thomas S. , Larter Nicholas C.
Published: March 2018

Key objectives of wildlife reintroduction projects should include encouraging post-release site fidelity and high survival rates of founding individuals. Yet, few studies empirically evaluate these performance metrics for released individuals. Bison(Bison bison) restoration is receiving renewed interest by wildlife managers. To inform new bison reintroduction projects, we provide an observation of a 375-km (straight-line distance) post-release movement of three bison bulls from a release site in Yukon, Canada, in 1988. In addition, we note 250-km and 155-km post-release movements of bison in the Northwest Territories, Canada, in 1980 and 1998, respectively. These observations demonstrate the dispersal ability of bison encountering new environments. Wildlife managers planning for new bison reintroductions should consider means to enhance post-release site fidelity to limit long-distance dispersal and mortality and maximize initial population growth.
River Otter (Lontra canadensis) Killed by Wolves (Canis lupus) during Winter in Northern Minnesota
Authors: Gable Thomas D. , Windels Steve K. , Rautio Ian C.
Published: March 2018

Few accounts exist of Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) killing small sympatric mammalian predators. In January 2017, we observed a River Otter (Lontra canadensis) that had been killed by wolves on the ice in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. This is one of only a few documented instances of wolves killing otters.
Ensamarbetande doktoranders perspektiv på forskarutbildning och doktorandtillvaro: Ämnesmässig ensamhet, den informella socialisationens kraft och erkännandets betydelse
Authors: Holmström Ola
Published: March 2018

Föreliggande studie bygger på kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med 26 ensamarbetande doktorander vid Lunds universitet. Studien har sin bakgrund i data från enkätundersökningar som visar att doktorander som arbetar ensamma trivs sämre med sin doktorandtillvaro än doktorander som ingår i en forskargrupp och att detta i högre grad gäller för kvinnor än för män. Mot denna bakgrund är studiens syfte att fördjupa förståelsen för vad som är problematiskt med forskarutbildningen utifrån de ensamarbetande doktorandernas synvinkel och varför situationen verkar vara särskilt problematisk för kvinnor.
Intervjumaterialet analyseras primärt utifrån teoretiska perspektiv på ensamhet, socialisation och erkännande. Studiens resultat visar att doktoranders ensamhet ofta är ämnesmässig och relaterar till en känsla av att vara utlämnad till sig själv i avhandlingsarbetet. Studien visar också på kraften i doktoranders informella socialisation, vilken kan lokaliseras till sammanhang och handlingsmönster som doktorander påträffar utanför formella direktiv och riktlinjer. Särskilt problematiseras forskarutbildningsmiljöer som präglas av ett långtgående individualistiskt förhållningssätt till arbetet. I dessa tenderar problem som doktorander kan uppleva att både normaliseras och individualiseras. Därtill beskrivs miljöer med ett långtgående individualistiskt förhållningssätt som särskilt problematiska för kvinnor.
Av studien framkommer också att det ibland kan finnas en stor diskrepans mellan doktoranders behov av professionellt erkännande och det faktiska erkännande som de upplever sig få inom ramen för forskarutbildningen.
A redemocratização em contexto local: uma análise da atuação das oposições ao regime civil-militar em Rio Grande (RS)
Authors: Sainz Nilton Garcia
Published: March 2018

O município de Rio Grande (RS) foi considerado “área de segurança nacional” durante o regime civil-militar (1964-1985), o que, entre outras implicações, fazia com que o prefeito fosse nomeado e só ocorressem eleições diretas para a Câmara de Vereadores. No período de redemocratização (1983-1985), PMDB e PDT, os partidos de oposição à ditadura e ao chefe do executivo municipal, tinham maioria das cadeiras e realizavam o enfrentamento ao PDS, legenda do prefeito e de apoio ao golpe de 1964. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os embates ocorridos na Câmara de Vereadores de Rio Grande entre essas forças políticas, no contexto do término da ditadura. Utiliza como fontes a análise das atas da Câmara Municipal, nas quais foram encontrados elementos que resgatam a história do período e demonstram que a oposição denunciava as condições nas quais se encontrava o município e o país, além de alimentar um sentimento de união entre os partidos que lutavam pelo retorno da democracia no Brasil, enquanto os vereadores governistas evitavam ingressar nesse debate.
Associação Cruzeiro Jaguarense em Jaguarão RS (1881-2016): Entre a História e a Memória
Authors: Melo Alan Dutra de , Colvero Ronaldo Bernardino
Published: March 2018

O estudo em questão faz parte da tese em andamento, desenvolvida no Curso de Pós-Graduação em Memória Social e Patrimônio Cultural, vinculado à Universidade Federal de Pelotas, sobre a Associação Cruzeiro Jaguarense, situada em Jaguarão, mais conhecida como Clube Jaguarense, cuja sede central está localizada no centro da cidade, dentro do perímetro da zona de tombamento realizado pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) e que encontra-se desde 2011 interditado devido a queda da cobertura, que embora recomposta não possibilitou o seu uso pleno. Trata-se de exemplar identificado pelo órgão mencionado como de proteção rigorosa. O objetivo do estudo é compreender a importância do clube para a cidade à partir da metodologia do estudo que é de natureza interdisciplinar com enfoque qualitativo, utilizando como fonte principal os jornais à partir do século XIX e entrevistas realizada com pessoas com vinculação a entidade.  Os resultados, apontam para a importância do bem cultural, destacando a materialidade como suporte de memória. As memórias, por sua vez, são associadas ao bem associadas ao bem como integrantes do patrimônio imaterial da entidade. Além disso, o estudo revelou vínculos com a história, especialmente no final do século XIX, durante a suas origens como Club Jaguarense, fundado em 1881.
BREVE ANÁLISE SOBRE A NATUREZA E POLÍTICA: OUTRO MUNDO POSSÍVEL?
Authors: Vaz Natália Carolina de Oliveira , Riffel Raquel
Published: March 2018

A relação do homem com a natureza é multifacetada, isto é, assim como o homem é dependente do que extrai do meio ambiente, ele também interfere – de forma positiva ou negativa – e altera as condições ambientais ao seu em torno. A partir destas modificações realizadas na natureza pela ação do ser humano, se desenvolvem relações de interdependência social. O homem é um ser social que precisa destas múltiplas relações, mas a relação homem x natureza x política, pode ser considerada a mais importante delas. Este trinômio demonstra a dependência humana dos recursos que a natureza oferece, para que, com a força de trabalho do ser humano, a primeira natureza seja transformada em segunda. Ao terceiro elemento – a política – concede-se a motricidade pela influência que exerce, isto é, a política desenvolve as diretrizes que promoverão equilíbrio, sustentabilidade e justiça ambiental, ou na ausência destes todos, admitirem-se numa questão da ausência, que haja uma relação consentida pela sociedade. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho apresenta sua argumentação sob os conceitos de justiça e injustiça ambiental. Os resultados obtidos a partir do desenvolvimento deste trabalho apontam para determinados grupos sociais propensos a sofrer com a injustiça ambiental, os quais são, primordialmente, desfavorecidos economicamente. Neste sentido emerge a concepção do “Bem Viver”, que surge como uma forma de equilíbrio entre política e meio ambiente, proporcionando meios de reparação para a população exposta a este tipo de injustiça.
MEIO AMBIENTE, SOCIEDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO: UMA ABORDAGEM ACERCA DAS IMPLICAÇÕES CAUSADAS POR UM DESENVOLVIMENTO DESEQUILIBRADO COM ENFOQUE NA SAÚDE
Authors: Riffel Raquel , Vaz Natália Carolina de Oliveira
Published: March 2018

Atualmente há intenso debate acerca da conservação ambiental, em consonância com o desenvolvimento sustentável da sociedade, isto é, buscam-se formas de promover este equilíbrio, proporcionando bem-estar e qualidade de vida para a população. A tríade central abordada, trata-se da compreensão e da correlação entre meio ambiente, sociedade e desenvolvimento, analisando seus reflexos no âmbito da saúde. Assim, o presente trabalho inicia sua reflexão a partir do desenvolvimento no contexto da atualidade, o qual apresenta uma ambiguidade evidente: o consumo excessivo, a exploração ambiental e a ampliação do acesso à tecnologia que, por um lado, promovem uma expressiva melhoria de vida a diversos segmentos da população e que, por outro lado, resultam em um esgotamento dos recursos naturais disponíveis e, consequentemente, na inviabilização para as próximas gerações. Na sequência, desenvolve-se uma análise entre desenvolvimento e saúde, em níveis mundiais e, posteriormente, analisa-se este mesmo aspecto na esfera nacional.  Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o desenvolvimento é amparado de forma plena, tendo em vista a vulnerabilidade do meio ambiente urbano e a propagação de doenças, algumas recentes, outras que ressurgiram, mesmo depois de intenso processo de erradicação. A conclusão deste trabalho relata que existe uma relação indissociável entre o Meio Ambiente (com sentido de conservação e preservação) e o Desenvolvimento (com sentido da escolha de padrão e conduta), que são essenciais para a sociedade e para a perpetuação da humanidade. Neste sentido, será necessário criar novas estratégias e ações governamentais que contemplem estes aspectos e promovam uma melhoria gradativa do meio ambiente.
COMUNICAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E CONHECIMENTO: percepção pública de estudantes do ensino médio em escola da zona rural, Pernambuco-BRASIL
Authors: Maciel Betania , Souza Felipe de Carvalho
Published: March 2018

Propiciar uma reflexão capaz de abarcar elementos da teoria social na construção das identidades, possibilitando compreender como se dá a construção do conhecimento, resultante do letramento científico na formação contemporânea, nos principais processos de estratificação de atores na sociedade moderna, identificando quais as principais estratégias de comunicação utilizadas e os impactos das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação no cotidiano da população jovem no meio rural, sobretudo no que condiciona a percepção pública sobre Ciência e Tecnologia. A pesquisa de campo caracterizou-se pelas investigações em que, além da pesquisa bibliográfica e/ou documental, elaborou-se a coleta de dados junto a alunos e professores, com o recurso de diferentes tipos de pesquisa ex-post-facto, pesquisa-ação e a pesquisa participante.  Constatou-se que as tecnologias de informação e comunicação disponibilizam grande volume e diversidade de informações que implicam o desenvolvimento de habilidades e a reconstrução permanente de conhecimentos que tornam a seleção e o tratamento das informações eficientes e objetivos. Com este debate relacionado a prática e desdobramento da comunicação científica na escola, constatou-se que a atitude do grupo pesquisado em relação à ciência e à tecnologia é positiva e otimista. Há uma expectativa de que a ciência seja um fator de transformação para melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Isso tem a ver com a percepção da ciência como um instrumento que gera resultados aplicáveis às suas vidas e capaz de solucionar problemas, como por exemplo, na área de saúde e meio ambiente.
A construção da aproximação: Um estudo sobre a linguagem fílmica em “Histórias que só existem quando lembradas”
Authors: Colling Sandra Maria Costa dos Passos , Borges Michel Rodrigues
Published: March 2018

ResumoEste estudo tem por objetivo analisar os elementos que compõem o cotidiano das personagens em processo de envelhecimento e como este é apresentado através dos recursos cinematográficos no filme brasileiro Histórias que só existem quando lembradas (MURAT, 2012). As informações para a análise foram levantadas por meio da observação do filme citado e como referencial teórico para a elucidação e discussão do tema foram utilizados os autores Vânia Carneiro de Carvalho, Cleci Eulalia Favaro, Michel Chion e Carlos Gerbase. O estudo aponta que o envelhecimento é carregado de elementos, signos e significados, de histórias e memórias, que são resgatadas através da narrativa, mostrando em especial, como se constroem as relações de aproximação entre as personagens e também do filme com o espectador.Palavras-Chave: aproximação, cinema, envelhecimento, imagem, narrativa.
POSSÍVEIS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO COMPARATISMO PARA A ESCRITA DE UMA HISTÓRIA DA LITERATURA LATINO-AMERICANA
Authors: De Andrade Duarte Marcelo
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho propõe pontuar algumas contribuições da crítica literária referente a utilização da Literatura Comparada, baseada nos preceitos da escola americana, para a escrita de uma História da Literatura Latino-americana, visto que superaria análises positivistas de influências, possibilitando a superação da dependência cultural latino-americana, proposta essa já discutida por Candido, Santiago, Rama e Pizarro, entre outros críticos que serão citados ao longo do texto.