bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What we at SV-POW! are doing for Open Access Week
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

If you’ve been following Twitter or the blogs, you’ll know that this has been Open Access Week. It’s been great to see many new open-access policies announced this week [Ireland, Belgium, Hungary], to read important explanations of why fully open (CC BY) OA is the way to go, and to see discussions from people like clinicians and librarians. It all contributes to the glorious sense that the transition to OA is beyond the tipping point.
Filter-then-publish vs. publish-then-filter
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

 How things have always been  Traditional scientific journals ask peer-reviewers to do two things: assess whether a manuscript is scientifically sound, and judge whether it’s sufficiently important to appear in the particular journal it’s been submitted to. So I could have sent my 2009 paper on  Brachiosaurus  to  Nature  , and the reviewers would (presumably) have said “this is good science, but not exciting or
Your sphenoid is disturbingly bat-like
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: October 2023

One of our anatomy students this year, Tess MacFife, was inspired by the  other  Dr. Wedel’s skull lecture and produced this excellent anatomy-inspired jack-o-lantern: Random passers-by probably thought this was some kind of bat/demon/Lovecraftian horror, but those in the know would recognize it as the human sphenoid bone in anterior view.
Inconsistent fusion in Haplocanthosaurus sacra
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

Matt and I have been looking in more detail at indications of maturity in sauropod skeletons, as we prepare the submission of the paper arising from our response to Woodruff and Fowler (2012) [part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, part 6].  Here is an oddity. Sacra of  Haplocanthosaurus  . Top,  H  .  utterbacki  holotype CM 879 in right lateral view, from Hatcher (1903:fig.
Elsevier’s new “open access” terms: so near, yet so far
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

I hope it’s clear to anyone who’s been reading this blog for a while that I do try to be fair to Elsevier (and indeed to everyone). Although I’ve often had occasion to be critical of them, I’ve also been critical of  Palaeontologia Electronica  , PLOS and Royal Society publishing, among others; and I have praised Elsevier when they’ve done good things.
Publishers versus everyone
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

[The title of this post is an allusion to Matt’s older post Authors versus publishers.] Following on from yesterday’s rant, I’m moved to write this one by Stephen Curry’s report on the latest Finch Committee meeting.
Herons lie (and so do shoebills)
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

In a comment on the previous post, Emily Willoughby links to an excellent post on her own blog that discusses the “necks lie” problem in herons. Most extraordinarily, here are two photos of what seems to be the same individual: You should get over to Emily’s blog right now and read her article. (Kudos, too, for the Portal reference in the title. I’ve been playing  Portal  and  Portal 2  obsessively for the last week.
One argument in favour of CC BY
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

[Originally written as a comment on Martin Coward’s blog, but I thought the point was worth making as its own post.] Here’s my take on the widely used Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC BY) in contrast to more restrictive CC licences such as the Non-Commercial variant (CC BY-NC). It may be true, as Martin suggests, that CC BY-NC is better for the author than CC BY. But authors are part of a community, and  it’s unquestionably 
Neural spine bifurcation in sauropods, Part 4: is Suuwassea a juvenile of a known diplodocid?
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: October 2023

I don’t intend to write a comprehensive treatise on the morphology and phylogeny of  Suuwassea  . Jerry Harris has already done that, several times over (Harris 2006a, b, c, 2007, Whitlock and Harris 2010). Rather, I want to address the contention of Woodruff and Fowler (2012) that  Suuwassea  is a juvenile of a known diplodocid, building on the information presented in the first three posts in this series (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3).
Bird eggs of the Harvard Museum of Natural History
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

More from my flying visit to the Harvard Museum of Natural History. I found this exhibition of bird eggs very striking. In particular, it was shocking how much bigger the elephant-bird egg is than that of the ostrich.
Scopus is useless
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

Scopus bills itself as “the largest abstract and citation database of research literature and quality web sources covering nearly 18,000 titles from more than 5,000 publishers.” Sounds useful. But it’s useless. Literally. Because it’s a subscription-only resource: Now I am an associate researcher at the University of Bristol.
Sauropod hands: the manus of “Morosaurus” sp.
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

Probably everyone who reads SV-POW! already knows that the manus, or forefoot, or sauropods was very distinctive.  The metacarpal bones, rather than being splayed out horizontally as in the forefeet of most animals, were arranged more or less vertically in a horseshoe shape, hence the characteristic shape of sauropod manus prints.
UK Government on open access: better than I could have hoped
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

Yesterday, David Willetts, the UK government’s Minister for Universities and Science, gave a speech at the annual general meeting of the Publisher’s Association.  The full text of the speech is online and  very  well worth reading, though it’s long.
DIY project: remodel your basement…
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: October 2023

Mike gets a shot of a sauropod sacrum in the AMNH basement. …with sauropod bones! Lots of basements have them. Some basements have had them for decades, and other basements have been newly constructed to house them. So you can take advantage of that retro chic while taking your basement into the 21st century! What the heck am I talking about? Matt ponders the mysteries of evolution in the AMNH basement.
Crowdsourcing a database of “predatory OA journals”
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

 The problem  Its often been noted that under the author-pays model of publication (Gold open access), journals have a financial incentive to publish as many articles as possible so as to collect as many article processing charges as possible.
Biology Letters does trumpet its submission-to-acceptance time
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

Just a quick one for Matt Butler, who in a comment on the orignal postwrote: I just looked as well, and here’s what I saw: Front page of  Biology Letters  web-site, http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/, as of 7:12am on Saturday 6 October 2012 So there it is, prominently displayed right on the front page: So it’s not just that false submission-to-acceptance dates are given on individual papers;
Don’t write “exhibit” when you mean “have”
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

 Question.  I am supposed to be meeting up with Mike Taylor at the conference, but we’ve not met before and I won’t recognise him.  Do you know what he looks like?  Candidate Answer #1.  He’s a bit overweight and has white hair.  Candidate Answer #2.  He exhibits mild to moderate abdominal hypertrophy and accelerated ontogenetic degradation in the pigmentation of the cranial integument.
The tide is turning on Open Access
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

These have been a crazy few days for open access.
The Mathew J. Wedel Memorial Tripod
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

A couple of posts back, when Matt was talking about turtle laminae, he included a photo of me in front of the skeleton of the giant turtle  Archelon  . Also in that photo is the tripod I was using — if you want to call it that — a tripod of altogether startling inadequacy. Here it is again, this time in the collections of the AMNH: (Bonus SV-POW!
Thoughts on the Finch Report, part 2
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: October 2023

More of my thoughts on the Finch Report; you may wish to read part 1 first. As before I will be quoting from the executive summary (11 pages) rather than the full report (140 pages).  Changing culture  Section 4 (  What needs to be done  , on page 7) begins as follows: This is a crucial point.
Strategies for optimizing electronic tips service profit
Authors: Lapina Ekaterina Dmitrievna , Gorikhovskii Viacheslav Igorevich
Published: October 2023

Electronic tip systems have become very popular in the era of cashless payments. With the widespread use of such services, the problem of maximizing profits has arisen, which concerns both establishments using electronic tip services and the services themselves that provide such services. Identifying factors that influence guests’ economic behavior when leaving tips will allow for the creation of an optimal strategy to increase the efficiency of the system. This study used data on the profits of the electronic tip service in public catering establishments. A simulation model was created to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different strategies; a methodology for finding the optimal strategy was described; and a clustering of establishments was performed using analysis of variance to customize the optimal strategy.
Mathematical analysis of epidemic model to assess the impact of lockdown on COVID-19
Authors: Karmakar Partha , Das Krishna Pada , Saha Satyajit , Das Bhagabat , Kumar Rakesh
Published: October 2023

Covid-19 and its variants, have been a worst pandemic, the entire world has witnessed. Tens of millions of cases have been recorded in over 210 countries and territories as part of the ongoing global pandemic that is still going on today. In this paper, we propose a SEI mathematical model to investigate the impact of lockdown to the controlling and spreading of infectious disease COVID-19. The epidemic model incorporates constant recruitment, experiencing infectious force in the latent period and the infected period. The equilibrium states are computed. Under some conditions, results for local asymptotic stability and global stability of disease-free and endemic equilibrium are established by using the stability theory of ordinary differential equations. It is seen that when the basic reproduction number , the dynamical system is stable and diseases die out from the system and when , the disease persists in the dynamical system. When , trans critical bifurcation is appeared. The numerical simulations are carried out to validate the analytical results.
Examining the Studies on the Advantages of Rural Areas in Mathematics Education
Authors: GÜNAY Ayşe Nur , YENİLMEZ Kürşat
Published: October 2023

Problems related to education are mostly addressed in rural areas. In the literature, it is stated that qualified (mathematics) education(in) can also be provided in rural areas. The ability to provide qualified education in the countryside depends on being aware of the advantages provided by the countryside in education and taking advantage of these advantages, as well as identifying and solving problems. In our study, the advantages of rural education expressed in national and international literature were compiled using the document review model of qualitative research. As a result of the inductive content analysis, six themes expressing the educational advantages provided by the countryside were created as healthy environment and nutrition opportunities, local community values, the social function of the school is strong, teachers are effective in the local role, the number of students per teacher is low and a rich concrete living experience. The proposals expressed in the literature that will increase the use of the advantages provided by education in rural areas have been presented by comparing them with village institutes.
Web 2.0 Rapid Content Development Self-Efficacy Perception Levels of English Teachers
Authors: ARSLAN Meryem , DEMİRCİ Cavide
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the Web 2.0 rapid content development self-efficacy perception levels of English teachers. In this study general survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used as the research design. For this purpose, "Web 2.0 Rapid Content Development Self-Efficacy Scale for Educational Purposes" was used to obtain quantitative data. The research group consists of English teachers working at different schools and levels in Konya city center and its districts. The data obtained as a result of the research were analyzed using the SPSS 23 package program. According to the results of the research, there was no significant difference in any of the Web 2.0 rapid content development self-efficacy perception levels of English teachers according to the variables of gender, working time and school level. In different studies, the working group can be expanded, and experimental studies can be included.
Nivel de conocimiento y práctica de medidas preventivas contra la infección por COVID-19 presente en estudiantes de una institución de origen rural en Puebla, México
Authors: González Corona Juan Pablo , Parra Torres Nancy Marbella , Serrano Zamago Ana Beatriz , Almonte Becerril Maylin
Published: October 2023

La contingencia sanitaria originada por la infección por COVID-19 derivó en la suspensión de clases en las escuelas de todos los niveles educativos, las cuales fueron reactivadas en 2021 en México; sin embargo, aunque se instalaron medidas preventivas, su aplicación adecuada en instituciones universitarias de la Sierra nororiental no ha sido evaluada. Es por ello por lo que el objetivo de este proyecto fue identificar el nivel de conocimiento y la práctica de medidas preventivas realizadas contra el COVID-19 por estudiantes pertenecientes a una institución universitaria de origen rural, incluyendo vacunación, infección y secuelas. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con muestreo probabilístico estratificado que incluyó un total de 370 estudiantes pertenecientes a las 6 diferentes licenciaturas ofertadas por la institución, a los cuales se les aplicó un instrumento semiestructurado de 45 preguntas enfocado en medir el nivel de conocimiento y la práctica de medidas preventivas aplicadas en estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron un nivel medio de conocimiento sobre la infección por COVID-19, lo que incluye una mala práctica de medidas preventivas, como el uso correcto de cubrebocas y el lavado de manos. Asimismo, aunque el nivel de conocimiento sobre COVID-19, así como la licenciatura a la que pertenecen los estudiantes no influyó en la práctica preventiva; los estudiantes con contacto más directo con la infección son los que mostraron mejor práctica. Por lo que resulta necesario diseñar estrategias efectivas para la identificación de factores de riesgo, así como la implementación de intervenciones que permitan abordar las brechas en las prácticas preventivas contra COVID-19.
Incidencia de la educación sobre el índice departamental de competitividad en territorios del Suroccidente Colombiano
Authors: Delgado González Luis Arturo , Londoño Arciniegas Audrey Vanessa , Narváez Cuarán Diana Carolina
Published: October 2023

El propósito de esta investigación fue comparar y analizar la influencia que tienen variables como: computadores en el hogar, calidad de los docentes, cobertura universitaria en las regiones, cobertura de educación secundaria en los departamentos, promedio de las pruebas saber pro en los territorios, sobre el Índice Departamental de Competitividad de algunos departamentos del suroccidente colombiano. Para ello se utilizó la regresión multivariable, la cual se ajustó a los criterios de confiabilidad y validez para inferir resultados relacionados con el papel que tiene la educación sobre el desarrollo territorial, encontrando, por ejemplo, que por cada punto que se incremente, en promedio, las pruebas de escritura, lectura crítica y razonamiento cuantitativo en cada territorio, el Índice Departamental de Competitividad se aumenta en 0,048 puntos, manteniendo constantes las demás variables y se halló que por cada punto porcentual que se incremente la cobertura bruta universitaria, en promedio, el Índice Departamental de Competitividad se aumenta en 0,013 puntos. Es decir, si los departamentos objeto de la investigación implementan políticas públicas para que los hogares posean computadores, la calidad educativa mejore, la cobertura educativa aumente, entonces la productividad y competitividad departamental se fortalece de forma notoria, evidenciando enfoques teórico-conceptuales del desarrollo endógeno de Boisier (2005), la economía evolucionista de Berumen (2006) y el modelo sistémico de desarrollo de Esser et al., (1998)
Factores de riesgo asociados a la disminución de la agudeza visual presente en adultos de una comunidad indígena, Puebla, México
Authors: Almonte Becerril Maylin , Pérez Pérez Iván , Techalotzi Amador Abigail , Parra Torres Nancy Marbella
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la presencia de factores de riesgo asociados a la incidencia de baja agudeza visual en una población indígena de la Sierra nororiental de Puebla, México. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en una muestra conformada por 95 adultos de 30 años o más usando un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó un instrumento semiestructurado enfocado en conocer la agudeza visual y factores de riesgo relacionados; así como para conocer la percepción y el cuidado ocular que la población de estudio presenta. Los principales factores de riesgo encontrados en los participantes incluían el poco cuidado a sus ojos durante actividades al aire libre, el estilo de vida y el desconocimiento sobre la higiene ocular. Asimismo, el 69.2% de los hombres y el 49.2% de las mujeres presentó una agudeza visual de baja a muy baja, y solo un bajo porcentaje indicó preocuparse por su salud ocular, encontrando una asociación significativa entre la agudeza visual y el grado de estudio, las actividades laborales y el género. De este modo, se observó que la falta de conocimiento sobre la práctica de higiene ocular, así como el acceso oportuno a servicios de salud tuvieron una influencia significativa en la pérdida de la agudeza visual. Por lo que es de suma importancia diseñar estrategias de abordaje específicos que mejoren el conocimiento de la población sobre el cuidado ocular, así como brindar servicio de salud ocular para la detección oportuna, tratamiento y prevención de lesiones oculares en población indígena
Los errores comunes en las demandas contencioso administrativas
Authors: Cedalise Riquelme Cecilio
Published: October 2023

En el presente ensayo se destacan los defectos o errores en que se incurre comúnmente al presentar las demandas contencioso administrativas, dando como resultado que sean declaradas inamisibles o que no superen la fase de admisibilidad, por cuanto que incumplen las exigencias legales establecidas en el sistema normativo. El estudio persigue que se reduzcan al máximo dichas deficiencias a fin de lograr los pronunciamientos de méritos frente a las arbitrariedades o ilegalidades que comportan los ac-tos administrativos acusados ante la jurisdicción contencioso administrativa.
La falta de probidad y el desobedecimiento de órdenes como causales de despido
Authors: Castillo Gill Rubén
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo constituye un análisis dogmático – jurídico del Código de Trabajo, principalmente de la falta de probidad y el desobedecimiento de órdenes como causal de despido. En el mismo sentido se brinda un análisis a los criterios jurisprudenciales emitidos por el Tribunal Superior de Trabajo haciendo particular énfasis a las causales de despido de un trabajador.
ANALYSIS OF TACTION TRANSMISSION OF RAILWAY VEHICLES AND THEIR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Azerbaijan Technical University, HUSEYNOV Ilham
Published: October 2023

In the article, traction transmissions of railway vehicles, which are an important component of the transport industry, are studied. Dynamic events in the functional chain, as the main factors that ensure the structural condition of the main parts of the mechanical system, the longevity of the system, effective measures to improve the operation of the service, effective measures to improve the performance of the structures, the operation of improved structures, the in-depth determination of maintenance and repair technologies, as well as the service outstanding features. The relevance of technical quality assessment is justified by the development of an innovative model. The condition, construction and operation of modern traction drives are explained. Experimental studies are underway and have strong implications for transmission control. With the device that checks the possibilities of using defectoscopic methods, the cases that caused rejections were determined.
STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF SERIAL SPHERICAL MANIPULATORS
Authors:   Azerbaijan Technical University, ALAKBAROV Allahverdi
Published: October 2023

Serial manipulators are a serial of links connected by joints. The manipulator is called serial, because the drives of this manipulator are arranged in series, one after the other. Most often, the drives of the sequential manipulator are located on jointes or are coordinated with the joint. All links, the base, as well as the executive link, make up the kinematic chain of the manipulator. Serial manipulators have a large working area, it is much larger than the working area of parallel manipulators, which allows them to work with large parts, which undoubtedly increases the area in which the manipulator is capable of working. Mass-produced robots typically have six joints because at least six degrees of freedom are required to place a controlled object in an arbitrary position and orientation in the robot's workspace. The inverse kinematics of sequential manipulators with six rotary joints and with three consecutive intersecting joints can be solved in closed form, i.e. analytically This result had a huge impact on the design of industrial robots. This section provides a unified work for the calculation of the mobility and constraints in a general over constraint spherical manipulators based on spherical serial manipulator plus the different spherical structural groups with two, three and four classes. The results of the section can be considered by knowledges of structural groups with general constraint three constructed to the serial spherical manipulator with 3DoF. The 3DoF serial spherical manipulators represent as a series of 1DoF revolute joints with the axises intersecting in the center of sphere. Three illustrative examples showcasing the method are presented.
INVESTIGATION OF OPTIMAL CONTROL OF VARIABLE SYSTEMS IN THE DYNAMIC SPECTRUM
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University, ARTEMYEV Victor , MEDVEDEV Artem ,   Russian Biotechnological University, YAROSHEVICH Victor ,   Belarusian State University of Economics
Published: October 2023

The article presents a study of systems of difference equations, their role and application in modeling and analysis of dynamical systems in various fields. The purpose of the work is to analyze and develop methods for solving difference equations with a special emphasis on their application in automation and mechanics. Difference equations are mathematical models describing the evolution of variables in a discrete time space. Their study allows for a deeper understanding of complex dynamic processes and effective modeling of systems of diverse nature. The paper presents an overview of various methods of analysis and solution of difference equations. Numerical integration methods, approximation methods and stabilization methods of systems of difference equations are considered. Special attention is paid to the properties of stability, convergence and controllability of such systems. The results of the study contribute to a deep understanding of the dynamics of systems of difference equations and the development of effective numerical methods for their solution. The solution of difference equations is widely used in automatic control, robotics, aviation, mechatronics and other industries. It plays an important role in modeling and controlling various systems, including electromechanical systems, robots, autopilots, automation processes, and others.
การเมืองภายใน, ผู้นำ และนโยบายต่างประเทศ: De Gaulle กับการกำหนดนโยบายต่างประเทศฝรั่งเศสกรณีสงครามแอลจีเรีย
Authors: เมธีชุติกุล ชุติเดช
Published: October 2023

งานชิ้นนี้ต้องการศึกษาในเรื่องการกำหนดนโยบายต่างประเทศของประเทศฝรั่งเศสโดยใช้กรอบแนวคิด Neoclassical realism เป็นหลักในการวิเคราะห์โดยหยิบยกกรณีของนายพล De Gaulle กับการกำหนดนโยบายต่างประเทศของฝรั่งเศสในช่วงสงครามแอลจีเรีย โดยดูว่ากรณีดังกล่าวมีปัจจัยหรือตัวแสดงทางการเมืองใดที่มีส่วนสำคัญต่อการกำหนดนโยบายต่างประเทศของฝรั่งเศสในช่วงดังกล่าว โดยผลการศึกษาสรุปว่ามี 4 ปัจจัยด้วยกัน ได้แก่ 1) ตัวผู้นำ คือนายพลDe Gaulle 2) รัฐธรรมนูญฉบับปี 1958 3) กลุ่ม FLN และ4) วิกฤตการคลังและงบประมาณของฝรั่งเศส กล่าวโดยสรุปปัจจัยการเมืองภายในมีส่วนสำคัญอย่างมากต่อการกำหนดนโยบายต่างประเทศในเรื่องสงครามแอลจีเรียของ De Gaulle โดยเฉพาะเรื่องโครงสร้างทางการเมืองที่สืบเนื่องจากผลของรัฐธรรมนูญปี 1958 ที่มีส่วนสำคัญทำให้ De Gaulle สามารถดำเนินนโยบายต่อประเด็นเรื่องดังกล่าวตามที่ตนต้องการได้
ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการประยุกต์นโยบาย ส่งเสริมความหลากหลาย ทางวัฒนธรรมของอาเซียน
Authors: ธำรงธัญวงศ์ สมบัติ , ไทยจงรักษ์ ณัฐพร , ขอบใจกลาง จุฬาภรณ์
Published: October 2023

วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยเพื่อศึกษาการนำนโยบายไปประยุกต์ใช้ของโรงเรียนในโครงการ Spirit of ASEAN ของ สพฐ. โดยศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการส่งเสริมความหลากหลายทางวัฒนธรรมในสถานศึกษา และเสนอแนวทางในการประยุกต์นโยบายส่งเสริมความหลากหลายวัฒนธรรมของอาเซียนโดยผ่านผู้บริหาร ครูอาจารย์ นักเรียน และผู้ปกครอง/ชุมชน

จากผลการวิจัยพบว่า โรงเรียนในโครงการ Spirit of ASEAN มีความรู้ ความตระหนัก และความเข้าใจเกี่ยวกับการส่งเสริมความหลากหลายทางวัฒนธรรมโดยผ่านหลักสูตรอาเซียน การเรียนการสอน ภาษาต่างประเทศ กิจกรรมการเรียนการสอน การสร้างเครือข่ายกับโรงเรียนในประเทศอาเซียน และ การมีศูนย์อาเซียนของตนเอง ในส่วนของปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการส่งเสริมความหลากหลายทางวัฒนธรรม ประกอบด้วยปัจจัยด้านลักษณะส่วนบุคคล ได้แก่ การตระหนักรู้ ทัศนคติ และพฤติกรรม ของประชากรที่ศึกษา กลุ่มที่ 1 ผู้บริหาร พบปัจจัยสำคัญด้านการบริหารสถานศึกษาซึ่งเกี่ยวข้องกับการกำหนดนโยบาย กลุ่มที่ 2 ครู/อาจารย์ เกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจัยด้านการเรียนการสอนที่จะต้องถ่ายทอดคทวามรู้ด้านความหลากหลายทาง วัฒนธรรมให้กับนักเรียน กลุ่มที่ 3 นักเรียน เกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจัยด้านคุณลักษณะของผู้เรียนซึ่งนักเรียนต้อง เปิดใจยอมรับความแตกต่าง และกลุ่มที่ 4 ผู้ปกครอง/ชุมชน เกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจัยด้านการมีส่วนร่วมโดยการให้ความร่วมมือกับโรงเรียนเมื่อมีการจัดกิจกรรมต่างๆ และการร่วมในการกำหนดนโยบายในสถานศึกษาในส่วนของแนวทางการประยุกต์นโยบายส่งเสริมความหลากหลายวัฒนธรรมของอาเซียนสามารถแบ่งออกได้ 2 รูปแบบคือ รูปแบบที่ 1 การพัฒนาโรงเรียนในเมือง (Urban model) มีความหลากหลาย ด้านโครงสร้าง ประชากร อาชีพ เชื้อชาติ ศาสนา ดังนั้น ควรใช้ประโยชน์จากการเข้าถึงสื่อ และความสะดวกด้านเทคโนโลยี สารสนเทศ ในด้านการส่งเสริมความหลากหลายทางวัฒนธรรม รูปแบบที่ 2 การพัฒนาโรงเรียนในชนบท (Rural model) ควรใช้ทุนทางวัฒนธรรมให้เป็นประโยชน์
Playing the Snake Game with Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yuhang Pan , Yiqi Song , Qianli Ma , Bowen Gu , Junyi Dong , Zijun Tang
Published: October 2023

When it is necessary to make several decisions to solve a problem, reinforcement learning works well. In this project, we demonstrate the outcomes of playing with snakes using a Deep Q-Network (DQN). Unfortunately, DQN has a tendency to overfit, which results in a deterioration in terms of scores that are subpar after numerous training sessions. To solve this issue, we enhanced the reward setting and provided the snake with more information about its surroundings in order to raise our score and prevent some overfitting issues. Also, we went through the differences between DQN and conventional evolutionary algorithms as well as possible avenues for DQN optimization.
KRITIK TERHADAP FORMALISME HUKUM
Authors: Bashier Risydam
Published: October 2023

This journal examines the resistance to the Legal Formalism School which alludes to it from the point of view of basic reports. This legal critique incorporates liberal, radical, and postmodernist ideas as well as Marxist ideas. The background is legal certainty, both those that guarantee the fulfillment of laws that do not require overlapping rules or justice for the formation of laws. This journal aims to briefly familiarize readers with concepts in critical legal studies from various legal perspectives. In addition, for good journal results, the author must convey the goals and context of the development of Indonesian law. This writing uses content analysis research, which is a comprehensive discussion of critical legal studies. The results of the discussion show that the goal of the critical legal study movement to unite various legal perspectives is the main principle of Critical Legal Studies which continues to develop in Indonesia. Because of this legal aspect, recent legal developments in Indonesia are still relatively new. Some formal legal activists use the history of the Critical Legal Studies Movement to understand oppressive legal structures and policies. Therefore, criticism of legal formalism is supported by the fact that several applications are needed, both in terms of themes and movement strategies, as support for the fulfillment of legal formalism from various prevailing legal ideologies.
Implementação e Aplicação da Política de Assistencia Social
Authors: Silva Alexandre Duques da , Nascimento Fernanda Alves do
Published: October 2023

Este artigo discute a Assistência Social no país após a Constituição Federal de 1988 e consecutivamente após a regulamentação da LOAS – Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social em dezembro de 1993, como protagonistas para uma nova matriz da assistência social como Política Social, incluindo-a na Seguridade Social e a transformando em dever do Estado e direito dos que dela necessitar. Assim o texto apresenta as principais características da Assistência Social, com um novo desenho institucional descentralizado, o controle da sociedade, a primazia do Estado nas ações socioassistenciais, assim como a execução legal e orçamentária dessa política. O artigo busca desenvolver os avanços na implementação e aplicação da Assistência Social, análise orçamentária da execução da política no município de São Paulo entre os anos de 2013 e 2016.
Violência, Desenvolvimento Social e o Uso de Drogas
Authors: Garcia Leon de Souza Lobo
Published: October 2023

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Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Tadris Bahasa Inggris Institut Agama Islam Negeri Takengon
Authors: Sari Rahmahidayati
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat motivasi belajar mahasiswa TBI IAIN Takengon. Motivasi belajar berkaitan langsung dengan semangat belajar. Metode penelitian yang dipilih pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian adalah observasi. Yang menjadi informan penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris IAIN Takengon. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pendekatan Miles and Huberman dengan menggunakan 3 langkah yaitu: reduksi, display dan verifikasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah sebahagian besar mahasiswa memberikan tugasnya tepat waktu walau ada beberapa mahasiswa yang memberikan tugas tidak sesuai jadwal yang disepakati. Masih ada mahasiswa yang terlambat atau bahkan tidak hadir kuliah dengan daring. Sebahagian besar mahasiswa sepertinya mereka memperhatikan materi yang diajarkan oleh dosen. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa motivasi belajar mahasiswa TBI IAIN Takengon tergolong baik.
Från skogsbryn till masstart. Kommodifieringen av längdskidåkningens tv-sändningar från 1980-talet fram till 2015
Authors: Lindkvist Jonas
Published: October 2023

Emanating from theories on media and sport this study analyses two cross-country races from the 1980s and two from 2015. The study shows that the broadcasts have evolved into something that the spectators on the ground cannot, to the same degree, experience, including increased and more tangible use of graphics, a higher editing frequency, an increased amount of and more mobile cameras yielding more camera angles and positions, more possibilities of close-ups, pans and tracking shots and more special effects in shot. The broadcasts also show an increased focus on contact with viewers through the studio and social media, more interviews, an increased focus on the conflict in narration, and a greater presence of commercials in the broadcast emanating from the athletes. The study shows that a commodification of the television broadcasting of cross-country skiing has taken place by changing the broadcasts into a product as appealing as possible in order to sell it to the tv viewer and thereby increase the commercial value of the sport.
Uji Efek Antihiperkolesterol Crude Ekstrak Likopen Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum Esculentum M.) pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar Yang Diberi Pakan Tinggi Lemak Dan Propiltiourasil
Authors: Rasyad Ade Arinia , Intan Rizka , Listiani Imanda Yunita
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari crude ekstrak likopen buah tomat terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol total. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan 25 ekor tikus putih jantan yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak dan propiltiourasil. Hewan dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (tween 80 2%), kelompok pembanding (simvastatin 10mg), kelompok II (Dosis 20mg/KgBB), III (Dosis 40mg/KgBB), IV (Dosis 80mg/KgBB) masing-masing diberi sediaan uji selama 14 hari. Pada hari ke 15, darah diambil menggunakan strip test untuk mengetahui penurunan kadar kolesterol total. Hasil persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol total pada perlakuan kontrol negatif (tween 80 2%) sebesar 16,56%, selanjutnya untuk perlakuan kelompok II (Dosis 20mg/kgBB) sebesar 25%, dan kelompok perlakuan III (Dosis 40mg/kgBB) sebesar 33,28%, serta kelompok perlakuan IV (Dosis 80mg/KgBB) sebesar 42,58%, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan pembanding (simvastatin) sebesar 55,82%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa crude ekstrak likopen buah tomat pada dosis 20 mg/kgbb sudah terbukti mempunyai efek menurunkan kadar kolesterol total tetapi kelompok pembanding (simvastatin) masih lebih unggul. Hasil juga menunjukan semakin lama pemberian sediaan obat maka akan semakin besar efek penurunan kadar kolesterolnya.
UJI EFEK TONIKUM EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KOPASANDA (Chromolaena odorata (L.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN DENGAN METODE NATATORY EXHAUSTION
Authors: Tari Mayang , Indriyana Dwi
Published: October 2023

Daun kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung alkoloid, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji adanya efek tonikum dan menentukan dosis yang paling optimum memberikan efek tonikumdari ekstrak EEDK. Pengujian efek tonikum dilakukan terhadap mencit putih jantan galur wistar dengan metode Natatory exhaustion. Pemberian perlakuan dilakukan secara peroral selama 14 dengan dibagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan yaitu VCO 0,5ml/20g, kafein 2 mg/20g BB, ekstrak EDK dengan variasi dosis 200 mg/20g BB, 400 mg/20g BB dan 600 mg/20g BB. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara Rmembandingkan waktu berenang mencit sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan serta mengitung waktu selisih lelah dengan uji One Way ANOVA. Berdasarkan hasil Anova satu arah menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada tiap kelompok (p<0,05). Dimana bersarkan selisih waktu lelah menunjukan dosis terbaik adalah dosis III (600 mg/20g BB), dengan selisih waktu lelah 55.86 menit. Kemudian diikuti dosis II (400 mg/20g BB), dengan selisish waktu lelah 36.81 menit dan dosis I (200 mg/20g BB), dengan selisish waktu lelah 36.81 menit. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun kopasanda memiliki efek tonikum, dengan dosis terbaik adalah 600 madalah 600 mg/20g BB.
Karakteristik Simplisia, Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Kandungan Total Fenol Tisane Bunga Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.)
Authors: Rendowaty Agnes , Amalia Frisca , Zairah Putri , Wahyuni Yenni Sri
Published: October 2023

Tisane bunga senduduk merupakan seduhan bunga senduduk yang dapat dikonsumsi oleh semua lapisan masyarakat dikarenakan mudah diperoleh dan memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik fisik simplisa bunga senduduk yang dikeringkan dengan variasi suhu, dan mengetahui aktivitasi antibakteri serta kandungan total fenol dari tisane bunga senduduk yang segar dan dikeringkan. Bunga senduduk dikeringkan menggunakan oven pada suhu 400C, 500C dan 600C, dan karakteristik simplisia yang diamati adalah persen rendemen, organoleptis, kandungan senyawa fenolik, flavonoid dan antosianin, kadar air dan kadar abu. Aktivitas anti bakteri tisane bunga senduduk ditentukan dengan metode difusi agar terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Kandungan total fenol tisane bunga senduduk ditentukan dengan reagen Folin-ciocaltaeau menggunakan alat Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Karakteristik simplisia bunga senduduk memperlihatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan persen rendemen, organoleptis, kandungan senyawa fenolik, flavonoid dan antosianin, kadar air dan kadar abu dari variasi suhu pengeringan oven 400C, 500C dan 600C. Aktivitas antibakteri tisane bunga senduduk konsentrasi 20 % dan 50 % memperlihatkan zona daya hambat pada bunga segar lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan tisane yang dikeringkan baik untuk bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Kandungan total fenol tisane konsentrasi 20 % segar yaitu 1,92 % dan kering adalah 7,24 %. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah variasi suhu pengeringan bunga senduduk tidak mempengaruhi karakteristik simplisia yang diamati. Aktivitas anti bakteri dan kandungan total fenol tisane bunga senduduk kering lebih tinggi hasil yang diperoleh dibandingkan tisane bunga senduduk segar.
PENETAPAN KADAR NITRIT (NO2) PADA HASIL REBUSAN UBI JALAR DAN UBI TALAS BERDASARKAN VARIASI WAKTU SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Sari Mesi Meida , Romsiah  , Sari Ema Ratna
Published: October 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penetapan kadar nitrit (NO2) pada umbiumbian yaitu ubi jalar dan ubi talas. Ubi jalar dan ubi talas diperoleh dari kebun warga desa Lubuk Nipis, Kecamatan Tanjung Agung, Kabupaten Muara Enim. Kandungan nitrit ditentukan dari hasil air rebusan sampel ubi jalar dan ubi talas dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai kandungan nitrit dari hasil air rebusan ubi jalar dan ubi talas dengan variasi waktu 10, 20, 30 dan 40 menit. Nilai kandungan nitrit pada air rebusan ubi jalar masingmasing diperoleh 0,27 mg/kg; 0,34 mg/kg; 0,36 mg/kg; dan 0,38 mg/kg dan untuk air rebusan ubi talas masing-masing diperoleh 0,32 mg/kg; 0,36 mg/kg; 0,88 mg/kg; dan 1,05 mg/kg. Dari hasil perebusan pada ubi jalar dan ubi talas masih aman sesuai dengan ketentuan ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake)/ jumlah asupan harian menurut WHO (World Health Organization).
Single-cell profiling coupled with lineage analysis reveals vagal and sacral neural crest contributions to the developing enteric nervous system
Authors: Jacobs-Li Jessica , Tang Weiyi , Li Can , Bronner Marianne E
Published: October 2023

During development, much of the enteric nervous system (ENS) arises from the vagal neural crest that emerges from the caudal hindbrain and colonizes the entire gastrointestinal tract. However, a second ENS contribution comes from the sacral neural crest that arises in the caudal neural tube and populates the post-umbilical gut. By coupling single-cell transcriptomics with axial-level-specific lineage tracing in avian embryos, we compared the contributions of embryonic vagal and sacral neural crest cells to the chick ENS and the associated peripheral ganglia (Nerve of Remak and pelvic plexuses). At embryonic day (E) 10, the two neural crest populations form overlapping subsets of neuronal and glia cell types. Surprisingly, the post-umbilical vagal neural crest much more closely resembles the sacral neural crest than the pre-umbilical vagal neural crest. However, some differences in cluster types were noted between vagal and sacral derived cells. Notably, RNA trajectory analysis suggests that the vagal neural crest maintains a neuronal/glial progenitor pool, whereas this cluster is depleted in the E10 sacral neural crest which instead has numerous enteric glia. The present findings reveal sacral neural crest contributions to the hindgut and associated peripheral ganglia and highlight the potential influence of the local environment and/or developmental timing in differentiation of neural crest-derived cells in the developing ENS.
Alzheimer’s disease linked Aβ42 exerts product feedback inhibition on γ-secretase impairing downstream cell signaling
Authors: Marta Zoltowska Katarzyna , Utpal Das , Sam Lismont , Thomas Enzlein , Masato Maesako , Houser Mei CQ , Luisa Franco María , Diana Gomes Moreira , Dmitry Karachentsev , Ann Becker , Carsten Hopf , Marçal Vilar , Oksana Berezovska , William Mobley , Lucía Chávez-Gutiérrez
Published: October 2023

Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides accumulating in the brain are proposed to trigger Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, molecular cascades underlying their toxicity are poorly defined.Here, we explored a novel hypothesis for Aβ42 toxicity that arises from its proven affinity for γ-secretases. We hypothesized that the reported increases in Aβ42, particularly in the endolysosomal compartment, promote the establishment of a product feedback inhibitory mechanism on γ-secretases, and thereby impair downstream signaling events.We show that human Aβ42 peptides, but neither murine Aβ42 nor human Aβ17-42 (p3), inhibit γ-secretases and trigger accumulation of unprocessed substrates in neurons, including C-terminal fragments (CTFs) of APP, p75 and pan-cadherin. Moreover, Aβ42 treatment dysregulated cellular homeostasis, as shown by the induction of p75-dependent neuronal death in two distinct cellular systems.Our findings raise the possibility that pathological elevations in Aβ42 contribute to cellular toxicity via the γ-secretase inhibition, and provide a novel conceptual framework to address Aβ toxicity in the context of γ-secretase-dependent homeostatic signaling.
Topological stress triggers difficult-to-repair DNA lesions in ribosomal DNA with ensuing formation of PML-nucleolar compartment
Authors: Hornofova Terezie , Urbancokova Alexandra , Novak Josef , Salajkova Sarka , Stemberkova Hubackova Sona , Uvizl Alena , McStay Brian , Hodny Zdenek , Bartek Jiri , Vasicova Pavla
Published: October 2023

PML, a multifunctional protein, plays a crucial role in forming PML nuclear bodies, which are involved in various cellular processes, including stress responses. Under specific conditions, PML associates with nucleoli, forming PML nucleolar associations (PNAs). However, the stimuli leading to PNAs formation are unknown. Here we investigated these stimuli by exposure of cells to various genotoxic stresses. We reveal that the most potent inducers of PNAs share the ability to inhibit topoisomerases and RNA polymerase I. The inhibition of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair augmented the occurrence of PNAs linking the stimulus for PNAs formation to unresolved DNA damage. The most potent treatment, doxorubicin, introduced DSBs into the rDNA locus. PNAs co-localized with damaged rDNA, sequestering it from active nucleoli. Using rDNA locus cleavage by I-PpoI, we proved that rDNA damage is a potent PNAs-inducing stimulus. Blocking homology-directed DSB repair (HDR), but not non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) enhanced PNAs formation, identifying HDR as a PNAs modulator. Our findings have implications for genome stability and diverse diseases and indicate that PNAs form when difficult-to-repair rDNA DSBs occur in nucleoli, highlighting the interplay between the PML/PNAs and rDNA alteration caused by deficiencies in topoisomerases, inhibition of RNAPI, and rDNA DSBs destined for HDR.
Interrelación entre habilidades del siglo XXI en estudiantes escolares
Authors:   , Sain Gambino Rodrigo Vicente
Published: October 2023

Las habilidades del siglo XXI, tales como el pensamiento crítico, el grit (firmeza del carácter) y la creatividad han adquirido una gran importancia en nuestra sociedad actual. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar si existen interrelaciones entre dichas habilidades en un grupo de estudio correspondiente a estudiantes escolares, con el fin de sentar precedentes para investigaciones posteriores. Para obtener los datos, se utilizaron diversos instrumentos elaborados por expertos para medir estas habilidades, tanto en estudiantes de 6° básico como III° medio. Se normalizaron los puntajes en una escala de 0 a 100 para luego poder introducir los resultados en modelos de regresión lineal, con los que se puede determinar si existen relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las distintas habilidades. A pesar de las limitaciones impuestas por la pandemia por COVID-19, que resultaron en la reducción de la cantidad inicial de estudiantes y en la eliminación de algunos instrumentos, se logró determinar que para este caso de estudio existen relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre algunas de las habilidades del siglo XXI estudiadas en ambos niveles.
El contrato de construcción en Chile y la alternativa de la estandarización
Authors:   , Vergara Bularz Víctor
Published: October 2023

La construcción es una de las principales actividades y motores de la economía en Chile. Las cifras en torno a la actividad son cuantiosas y es una de las más sensibles a los ciclos de la economía, tanto por la velocidad con la que reacciona, como por la magnitud de su respuesta, además de tener un alto grado de significancia en el empleo. Las características propias de la ejecución de proyectos de ingeniería y construcción, entre estos, altos montos de inversión, ejecución dentro de plazos extensos y la intervención de diferentes profesionales, hacen que posea altos niveles de conflictividad entre los intervinientes, que repercuten directamente en el presupuesto estimado, los plazos previstos y que, incluso, pueden conllevar al fracaso o paralización de una obra determinada (Solminihac, 2020). Las cifras sobre conflictividad, medidas en aumento de costos y en extensiones de plazos en el desarrollo de los proyectos de infraestructura son considerables, tanto en Chile como en la experiencia comparada. Las formas contractuales utilizadas en tales proyectos son disímiles y comprenden desde documentos elaborados a medida por las partes, otros dados por el Ordenamiento Jurídico y otros que son el resultado de la estandarización contractual. No existe literatura concluyente sobre si el uso de un determinado tipo contractual contribuye a la disminución de conflictos. Las publicaciones sobre contratos estandarizados ponen de manifiesto sus virtudes, sin embargo, no entregan cifras comparativas entre contratos estandarizados y aquellos desarrollados a medida, que son los predominantemente utilizados en Chile. El presente trabajo busca evidenciar, de acuerdo a una evaluación crítica, la estructura del contrato de construcción, observando las formas contractuales que se utilizan en Chile, con la finalidad de compararlas con aquellas formas contractuales estandarizadas utilizadas en la experiencia comparada y verificar si existe una disparidad en sus resultados desde una perspectiva de controversias y litigiosidad.