bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Supply Side Investigation of Rural Lodges in Al-Ahsa Oasis: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Tawfik Rady , Alzahrani Fahad
Published: December 2024

Al-Ahsa Oasis, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Saudi Arabia, has significant potential for rural tourism development. This study examines the supply side of rural lodges within the oasis, focusing on their characteristics, pricing, and key factors influencing the rural tourism market. Descriptive analysis revealed a diverse range of rental prices (SAR 350–3000 per night) and lodge sizes (90–10,000 m2). Three types of rural lodges emerged: chalets, resorts, and istrahas, catering to various guest preferences and budgets. Resorts, with their larger sizes and comprehensive amenities, commanded the highest average prices. A hedonic price model was employed to analyze the factors affecting rental prices. We find that the number of bedrooms, the availability of pools, and car garages positively impacted prices. In contrast, the presence of pool fences and “family-only” designations negatively affected prices, suggesting limited appeal to some market segments. These findings provide valuable insights for tourism stakeholders and policymakers seeking to optimize the rural tourism sector in Al-Ahsa Oasis. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding supply-side dynamics, catering to diverse visitor needs, and investing in amenities that enhance guest experiences. By promoting quality standards and encouraging infrastructure investment, policymakers can contribute to the sustainable development of rural tourism in Al-Ahsa Oasis.
Counterintuitive Scenarios in Discrete Gravity Without Quantum Effects or Causality Violations
Authors: Dribus Benjamin F. , Darnell Jesiah T. , Goldsmith Neil
Published: December 2024

In certain established approaches to quantum gravity, such as causal set theory and causal dynamical triangulations, discrete spacetime structure is taken to be a primary feature, not a secondary effect of “quantizing” a pre-existing classical continuum-based theory, as is done in approaches such as string theory and loop quantum gravity. For a priori discrete models, the full quantum theory is often obtained via some version of Feynman’s sum-over-histories approach, in which each “history” is a discrete object viewed as a classical spacetime. Counterintuitive physical scenarios such as Schrödinger’s cat or the grandfather paradox are typically associated with either quantum effects or causality violations, but we demonstrate that equally bizarre scenarios can arise at a purely classical level in the discrete causal context due to symmetry considerations. In particular, the graph-theoretic phenomenon of pseudosimilarity leads to situations in which alternative events occurring at physically distinguishable locations in the universe can cause different parts of the universe to “swap identities” in a fugue-like manner alien to continuum-based theories. This phenomenon is perhaps best understood as an extension of the relativity principle, which we call relativity of identity.
Origin of Life: A Symmetry-Breaking Physical Phase Transition
Authors: Feistel Rainer
Published: December 2024

The origin of life has previously been subject to numerous studies and hypotheses. Typically, related models focus on the emergence of chemical networks such as the RNA world or the Krebs energy cycle. Here, the onset of life is described as a symmetry-breaking kinetic phase transition. The novel symmetry of life is the arbitrariness of code that is fundamental to symbolic information processing, coining all forms of life from the very beginning. Symbols evolved from non-symbolic, structural information of the inanimate physical world. The responsible transition process was discovered a century ago in behavioural biology, regarded as ‘ritualisation’. The physical properties of this transition include neutral Lyapunov stability and critical fluctuations in the associated Goldstone modes. As a conceptual model, a hypothetical simple molecular ritualisation process is suggested, along with the emergent semiotics of symbolic information processing.
Challenges of E-Waste Dismantling in China
Authors: Li Bitong , Liu Dongling , Zhang Lina , Wu Yue , Ding Xianlin , Zeng Xiang
Published: December 2024

Electronic and electrical products have deeply permeated all aspects of life, bringing a lot of convenience to individuals. However, the generation of e-waste after their end-of-life has resulted in serious risks both to the ecological environment and human health due to a lack of scientific and effective recycling and treatments. As two major types of components in e-waste, heavy metals and plastics can not only directly enter the human body via inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption, but also accumulate in the human body indirectly through the food chain. E-waste is full of resources such as valuable metals like gold, silver, and copper that are often discarded incorrectly. Environmental and health risks derived from unregulated e-waste dismantling activities may be finally addressed through the application of advanced e-waste recycling technology, policy support of governments, legislation on recycling laws and regulations, and the improvement of public environmental protection awareness. This review gives a brief overview of the history, current situation, and future development of e-waste in China, which may provide novel thinking and approaches to e-waste management in the world.
The Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risks of Volatile Organic Compounds in an Industrial Area of Nanjing
Authors: Tan Tao , Xu Xinyuan , Gu Haixin , Cao Li , Liu Ting , Zhang Yunjiang , Wang Junfeng , Chen Mindong , Li Haiwei , Ge Xinlei
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the chemical complexity and toxicity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from national petrochemical industrial parks and their effects on air quality in an industrial area of Nanjing, China. Field measurements were conducted from 1 December 2022, to 17 April 2023, focusing on VOC concentrations and speciations, diurnal variations, ozone formation potential (OFP), source identification, and associated health risks. The results revealed an average total VOC (TVOC) concentration of 15.9 ± 12.9 ppb and an average OFP of 90.1 ± 109.5 μg m−3. Alkanes constituted the largest fraction of VOCs, accounting for 44.1%, while alkenes emerged as the primary contributors to OFP, comprising 52.8%. TVOC concentrations peaked before dawn, a pattern attributed to early morning industrial activities and nighttime heavy vehicle operations. During periods classified as clean, when ozone levels were below 160 μg m−3, both TVOC (15.9 ± 12.9 ppb) and OFP (90.4 ± 110.0 μg m−3) concentrations were higher than those during polluted hours. The analysis identified the key sources of VOC emissions, including automobile exhaust, oil and gas evaporation, and industrial discharges, with additional potential pollution sources identified in adjacent regions. Health risk assessments indicated that acrolein exceeded the non-carcinogenic risk threshold at specific times. Moreover, trichloromethane, 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and benzene were found to surpass the acceptable lifetime carcinogenic risk level (1 × 10−6) during certain periods. These findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced monitoring and regulatory measures aimed at mitigating VOC emissions and protecting public health in industrial areas. In the context of complex air pollution in urban industrial areas, policymakers should focus on controlling industrial and vehicle emissions, which can not only reduce secondary pollution, but also inhibit the harm of toxic substances on human health.
Prenatal Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure in Association with Global Histone Post-Translational Methylation in 2-Year-Old Children
Authors: Tsai Wan-Ju , Hsieh Wu-Shiun , Chen Pau-Chung , Liu Chen-Yu
Published: December 2024

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have elimination half-lives in years in humans and are persistent in the environment. PFASs can cross the placenta and impact fetal development. Exposure to PFASs may lead to adverse effects through epigenetic mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate whether prenatal exposure to perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA) was associated with global histone methylation level changes among the 130 2-year-old children followed-up in a birth cohort study in Taiwan. PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, and PFUA were measured by UHPLC/MS/MS in cord blood. Global histone methylation levels were measured from the blood leukocytes of 2-year-old children by Western blotting. Multivariable regression analyses were applied to adjust for potential confounding effects. Among the 2-year-old children, an IQR increase in the natural log-transformed PFUA exposure was associated with an increased H3K4me3 level by 2.76-fold (95%CI = (0.79, 4.73), p = 0.007). PFOA and PFNA exposures was associated with a decreased H3K27me3 level by 2.35-fold (95%CI = (−4.29, −0.41), p = 0.01) and 2.01-fold (95%CI = (−4.00, −0.03), p = 0.04), respectively. Our findings suggest that prenatal PFAS exposure affected histone post-translational modifications.
Occurrence, Bioaccumulation, and Trophic Transfer of Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (SCCPs) in a Marine Food Web from Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea (Eastern China)
Authors: Song Min , Han Dianfeng , Hu Shunxin , Cui Qingkui , Li Huanjun , Li Fan , Zhang Jianbai , Liu Yongchun , Zhao Mei , Zhang Cunxin , Xu Yingjiang
Published: December 2024

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are a persistent organic pollutant, and limited information is available on their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer, which would be affected by carbon chain length, chlorine content, and hydrophobicity. In this study, relevant data on SCCPs in water, sediments, and organisms collected from Laizhou Bay were analyzed to investigate the specific distribution of SCCPs and their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer. In water and sediments, the average SCCP concentrations (ΣSCCPs) were 362.23 ± 81.03 ng/L and 609.68 ± 90.28 ng/g d.w., respectively. In 28 species of organisms, the ΣSCCPs varied from 70.05 to 47,244.13 ng/g l.w. (average = 648 ± 7360) and the predominant homologs were C13 (average = 34.91%) and Cl5–7 (average = 93.13%), differing from those in water (average = C11 32.75% and average = Cl5–7 88%) and sediments (average = C13 31.60% and average = Cl6–8 87.16%). The logarithm bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of ΣSCCPs were 1.18–2.74 and were positively correlated with the log Kow. A significant negative linear relationship was observed between biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) and log Kow. It is suggested that the hydrophobicity may affect the bioaccumulation of SCCPs. SCCPs demonstrated a trophic magnification factor (TMF) ranging from 2.19 to 3.00 (average = 2.51) and exhibited a significant linear correlation with carbon chain length (p < 0.05) and log Kow values (p < 0.05), suggesting that SCCPs have biomagnification potential in Laizhou Bay that is affected by hydrophobicity and carbon chain length.
Lytic Spectra of Tailed Bacteriophages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pchelin Ivan M. , Smolensky Andrei V. , Azarov Daniil V. , Goncharov Artemiy E.
Published: December 2024

As natural predators of bacteria, tailed bacteriophages can be used in biocontrol applications, including antimicrobial therapy. Also, phage lysis is a detrimental factor in technological processes based on bacterial growth and metabolism. The spectrum of bacteria bacteriophages interact with is known as the host range. Phage science produced a vast amount of host range data. However, there has been no attempt to analyse these data from the viewpoint of modern phage and bacterial taxonomy. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of spotting and plaquing host range data obtained on strains of production host species. The main metric of our study was the host range value calculated as a ratio of lysed strains to the number of tested bacterial strains. We found no boundary between narrow and broad host ranges in tailed phages taken as a whole. Family-level groups of strictly lytic bacteriophages had significantly different median plaquing host range values in the range from 0.18 (Drexlerviridae) to 0.70 (Herelleviridae). In Escherichia coli phages, broad host ranges were associated with decreased efficiency of plating. Bacteriophage morphology, genome size, and the number of tRNA-coding genes in phage genomes did not correlate with host range values. From the perspective of bacterial species, median plaquing host ranges varied from 0.04 in bacteriophages infecting Acinetobacter baumannii to 0.73 in Staphylococcus aureus phages. Taken together, our results imply that taxonomy of bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts can be predictive of intraspecies host ranges.
Correction: Stante et al. Four Novel Caudoviricetes Bacteriophages Isolated from Baltic Sea Water Infect Colonizers of Aurelia aurita. Viruses 2023, 15, 1525
Authors: Stante Melissa , Weiland-Bräuer Nancy , Repnik Urska , Werner Almut , Bramkamp Marc , Chibani Cynthia M. , Schmitz Ruth A.
Published: December 2024

In the original publication [...]
Securing the Future: Strategies for Global Polio Vaccine Security Amid Eradication Efforts
Authors: Harutyunyan Vachagan , Ottosen Ann , Burke Rachel M. , Ehrhardt Derek , Shirey Meredith , Durham Rissa , Woods David
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: As we commemorate 50 years of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), the global mission to eradicate polio stands at a critical juncture. While remarkable progress has been made over the past decades, ensuring a steady supply of polio vaccines remains a significant challenge that could undermine these achievements. This manuscript aims to address the complexities of polio vaccine security within the context of the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) and the Global Polio Eradication Strategy 2022–2029, proposing actionable strategies to strengthen the vaccine supply. Methods: This manuscript analyzes obstacles to vaccine security, including supply disruptions and market uncertainties. It presents the Polio Vaccine Security Framework as a key strategy for addressing these challenges. Data were gathered from Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) reports, consultations with key stakeholders, and analyses of past vaccine shortages. Results: The findings indicate that the primary risks to vaccine security include the lack of a coherent long-term policy framework on polio vaccination, the absence of a clear polio vaccine development roadmap, and insufficient long-term, predictable forecasting. Additionally, stronger coordination is needed between stakeholders involved in vaccine supply, polio containment, and research, as well as addressing challenges related to financing and access to resources. Conclusions: A robust, adaptable, and sustainable approach to vaccine security, proposed in the Polio Vaccine Security Framework, is critical to achieving and sustaining polio eradication. Collaboration among policymakers, manufacturers, and stakeholders to implement it is essential to ensure the uninterrupted supply of polio vaccines, protecting the progress made over the past half century, and preventing a resurgence of poliovirus in the future.
Routine Immunization Microplanning Challenges and Opportunities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Mixed-Method Landscape Analysis
Authors: Salisbury Nicole , Hossain Iqbal , Oskouipour Parysa , Hong Audry , Ebeling Elan , Shearer Jessica C. , Grapa Emily
Published: December 2024

Background: Microplanning is widely recognized as a critical tool for improving immunization coverage and equity and is considered a core component of routine immunization. However, there is limited evidence on how microplans are developed and implemented and the effectiveness of microplanning. As such, this study sought to review the existing evidence on implementation and institutionalization of microplanning; identify strategies to improve microplanning; and document evidence on new approaches to microplanning, including digitally enhanced and integrated microplanning. Methods: We employed a three-stage mixed-method approach. First, we conducted a literature review on microplanning for routine immunization. Second, we administered an online survey to gather insights into the factors that constrained and enabled microplanning in low-resource settings. Third, we conducted key informant interviews to better understand the barriers and enablers. Results: We found a paucity of published literature describing the drivers and effectiveness of microplanning and how to sustain it over time. Our review indicates that factors at both the development and implementation stages influence implementation and whether the process is sustained over time. These include the level of community engagement and health care worker ownership, access to data, the complexity of the microplanning tools, and the extent to which supervisors follow up on the plans. Conclusion: Our review indicates that microplanning is successful when health care workers and communities are engaged in the development process. While these findings highlight the benefits of a ‘bottom-up’ approach to microplanning, this may be more resource-intensive, and there remains a need for more research on the costs and benefits.
Effects of a Dietary Multi-Mineral Bolus on Udder Health in Dairy Cows: A Clinical Assessment
Authors: Guccione Jacopo , Alterisio Maria Chiara , Esposito Sergio , D’Onghia Giovanni , Tinelli Sebastiano , Di Loria Antonio , Mercaldo Beatrice , Vastolo Alessandro , Ciaramella Paolo
Published: December 2024

The clinical effects on the udder health of several trace elements—copper, iodine, cobalt, and selenium—contained in an intraruminal slow-release bolus were explored for the first time. Fifty-four dairy cows received the bolus (treated group, TG), while fifty-three were left untreated (control group, CG). Monthly composite milk samples were collected from 30 to 300 days in milk to measure somatic cell count (SCC); milk production was also recorded on the same days. Cows with SCC > 200 × 103 cells/mL were considered as affected by mastitis (with or without clinical signs). The effects on udder health were evaluated using several clinical indices employed for mastitis monitoring. The TG cows had a higher average daily milk yield than CG (p < 0.001), as well as a lower overall daily average of SCC (p < 0.0001). Fewer overall mastitis cases were detected in TG than in CG (p < 0.0001), although no significant differences were observed in new or cured mastitis cases. Finally, fewer failures of existing mastitis to cure cases were detected in TG as compared to CG (p < 0.0001), as well as fewer chronic mastitis cases (p < 0.0001). By looking at the clinical findings, some potential benefits on udder health might be hypothesized; nevertheless, additional studies are necessary to confirm these encouraging results.
Exploring the Gastrointestinal Microbiome of Eurasian Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) Under Rehabilitation in Portugal and Their Potential Role as Reservoirs of Human and Animal Pathogens
Authors: Nascimento Mariana Limede , Serrano Isa , Cunha Eva , Lopes Filipa , Pascoal Pedro , Pereira Marcelo , Nunes Mónica , Tavares Luís , Dias Ricardo , Oliveira Manuela
Published: December 2024

The Eurasian griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), a widely distributed scavenger, plays a crucial role in ecosystem health by consuming decomposing carcasses. Scavengers have adapted to avoid disease from the rotting carrion they feed on, probably through a specialized gut microbiome. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome of G. fulvus (n = 8) present in two rehabilitation centers in mainland Portugal and evaluate their potential as reservoirs of pathogens. Samples were studied through high-throughput 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing of the hypervariable V3-V4 regions and further analyzed using the Qiime2 bioinformatics platform. Our results showed that factors such as sex, location, and time of sampling did not significantly affect the gut microbiome of the griffon vulture. Its composition was highly similar to that of phylogenetically closed animals. However, several potential human and veterinary pathogens were identified. In conclusion, the gut microbiome of Gyps fulvus in rehabilitation centers is not significantly altered by stress associated with captivity. Its composition is similar to that of other vultures and scavengers due to their identic diet and needs, suggesting a well-conserved functional gut microbiome, which seems to be influenced by season. The potential risks posed by the identified pathogens to humans and other animals should be further investigated.
A New Method for Nitrogen Removal in Wastewater Treatment: Synergistic Nitrogen Removal Using Feammox and Nitrate-Dependent Fe(II) Oxidation Within Organic Carbon Environments
Authors: Chen Zhi , Zhou Shiqi , Yan Jiali , Liu Azuan
Published: December 2024

Feammox, one of the potential pathways for nitrogen loss in the environment, plays an essential role in nitrogen cycling and provides new ideas for the biological denitrification of wastewater. However, the Feammox reaction has low nitrogen removal efficiency and stagnates due to insufficient Fe(III) sources. It strongly depends on an Fe(III) source supply, significantly limiting its development. In this study, a synergistic nitrogen removal system using Feammox and Nitrate-Dependent Fe(II) Oxidation (NDFO) driven by NO3−-N was constructed within an organic carbon environment. It uses the synergy between Feammox and NDFO to improve nitrogen removal. The removal efficiency of NH4+-N reaches over 70% in stages III-V, with a maximum removal efficiency of 89.4%. NH4+-N oxidation and Fe(III) reduction are positively coupled in the Feammox reaction. The Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle process driven by Feammox and NDFO improves the utilization of the iron source, thus guaranteeing the sustainability of the NH4+-N oxidation reaction. In addition, the organic carbon environment also enriched NDFO bacteria (Thermomonas and Acinetobacter) and increased the reaction rate of NDFO, which enhanced the transformation of Fe(II). We improved the nitrogen removal efficiency of Feammox and provided a new approach for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment.
The Hydro-Economic Modeling of Low-Flow Events on the Middle Elbe: Assessing Socio-Economic Impacts on River Navigation
Authors: Folkens Lukas , Bachmann Daniel , Satzinger Udo , Schneider Petra
Published: December 2024

Low-flow events cause socio-economic impacts in various sectors. However, there are few hydro-economic models to quantify these. This article presents a hydro-economic modeling approach to determine the direct economic damage of low flows to freight and tourist navigation on free-flowing rivers. This includes the description of the required hydrological and economic input variables, a presentation of the calculation approach and the development of the damage functions. Damage and replacement costs were calculated for the study area of the middle Elbe in order to test the model and show how low-flow events affect freight and tourist navigation. Our results indicate that considerable economic losses occur not only during low flows, but also when the reference water levels for navigation are only slightly exceeded over a long period of time. It was also shown that certain river sections are more vulnerable to low-flow events and therefore cause higher costs. The model represents an analytical tool that considers both economic and hydrological aspects. As a part of a holistic risk assessment, it can help decision-makers to understand the interactions between water and the economy and to develop strategies that promote sustainability in water resource management.
National dance culture as the basis for formation of Russian identity
Authors:   of Philosophy, Cultural Studies and Political Science, Moscow University for the Humanities, Sapozhnikova Viktoriya Stanislavovna
Published: December 2024

In modern culture, with its overload with the achievements of scientifi c and technological
progress, hyper-dynamic life and its complexity, one of the most pressing issues
remains the formation of a system of national values and their strengthening among
citizens of the Russian Federation. The article shows how talented choreographers and artistic directors of leading dance ensembles participate in the formation of a common national culture through dance. Through the language of dance, master choreographers, preserving and protecting tradition, form the culture of the dance itself, instill taste, and
generate respect for the heritage of our people. How beautiful this practice becomes,
demonstrating all the best and majestic that our country is rich in, can be seen on stages
around the world. The study of Russian folk dance is one of the effective methods of
awareness-raising work in educational organizations.
The paradox of decreasing value of knowledge with expanded educational opportunities in the era of digitalization
Authors:   FSBEI HE State University of Management, Polyakova Oksana
Published: December 2024

The object of the study is the transformation of the process of knowledge acquisition
by mature people in the era of digitalization. A paradoxical pattern has been revealed:
on the one hand, information technologies allow every Internet user to gain access to
knowledge anywhere on the planet, while, on the other hand, there is a decrease in interest
in knowledge acquisition due to its widespread availability.
Fishes of non-floodplain lakes in the southern taiga of Western Siberia (in the Tomsk region)
Authors:   Novosibirsk Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (ZapSibNIRO), Russia, Novosibirskж Tomsk State University, Russia, Tomsk, Interesova E.A. , Zaitsev V.F. ,   Novosibirsk Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (ZapSibNIRO), Russia, Novosibirsk, Tsapenkov A.V. ,   Novosibirsk Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (ZapSibNIRO), Russia, Novosibirsk, Morozko A.V. ,   Novosibirsk Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (ZapSibNIRO), Russia, Novosibirsk, Babkina I.B. ,   Tomsk State University, Russia, Tomsk
Published: December 2024

In the Tomsk region, the main fishing is concentrated on the
Ob River and its large tributaries. At the same time, the region is rich in
lakes — there are about 113 thousand of them with a total area of more
than 4.5 thousand km². Of these, about 84 thousand reservoirs with a total
area of about 2.9 thousand km² are lakes outside rivers floodplain — these
are non-flood lakes. Mostly they are located in the taiga. They differ from
each other in many parameters, including area, depth, ground, overgrowth
of aquatic vegetation, and hydrochemical characteristics. Existing information
about the fish of these lakes dates back to the mid-twentieth century
and, against the backdrop of ongoing changes in the ichthyofauna of the
region, seems outdated. During our research, we recorded 11 species of fish
in non-flood lakes: northern pike Esox lucius, freshwater bream Abramis
brama, common dace Leuciscus leuciscus, lake minnow Rhynchocypris percnurus,
roach Rutilus rutilus, prussian carp Carassius gibelio, crucian carp
C. carassius, tench Tinca tinca, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernua, european
perch Perca fluviatilis, and chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii. Thus, over the
past 60 years, changes have occurred in the ichthyofauna of non-flood
lakes of the Tomsk region: there are alien fish species (naturalized in the Ob
river basin) appeared — freshwater bream and chinese sleeper. Probably, in
the near future we should also expect registrations of the belica Leucaspius
delineatus and the Nikolsky loach Misgurnus nikolskyi, currently found in
the Ob floodplain of the region. In addition, we did not observe ide Leuciscus
idus in non-flood lakes; roach and common dace, which were relatively
widespread in taiga lakes in the mid-20th century, were rarely encountered.
Perhaps the decrease occurrence of these species is associated with climate
change — the trend of increasing average temperatures which can cause a
deterioration in the gas regime of water bodies.
Megaproyectos educativos en América Latina a finales del siglo XX –inicios del siglo XXI
Authors: Anatolievna Zhizhko Elena , Beltrán Gali Aleksandra , Ramos Betancourt Irlanda , Guerrero Rodríguez Rebeca , Robles Soto Saúl
Published: December 2024

A finales del siglo XX – inicios del siglo XXI, surgieron varios megaproyectos educativos Latinoamericanos que coadyuvaron al desarrollo de nuevas políticas educativas nacionales. El objetivo de estudio fue conocer las principales características de estos megaproyectos, sus alcances, repercusión, ineptitudes e impericias. El camino metodológico que se siguió, fue de una investigación documental. El estudio reveló que desde los años ochenta, se han implementado más de diez megaproyectos en América Latina, que favorecieron el desarrollo de los sistemas educativos, ampliaron la cobertura educativa, llevaron servicios educativos a los marginados, elevaron el promedio de escolaridad y porcentaje de población con educación superior. Sin embargo, no todos los propósitos de estos programas fueron alcanzados por varias razones: las crisis económicas de 2008, 2012, 2020-2021; altos índices de pobreza y pobreza extrema; falta de un proyecto común con diagnóstico del estado actual de educación, elaboración e implementación de programas y acciones, el monitoreo de los resultados.
Inteligencia emocional de los estudiantes en una Institución educativa pública primaria
Authors: Buleje Velasquez Norma Patricia , Córdova García Ulises , Espíritu Patrocinio Evelyn Mirey , Antón Huiman Jannet Carolina , Yllesca Ramos Anibal Gustavo , Macuyama Buleje Elizabeth Carol
Published: December 2024

El estudio analizó la inteligencia emocional de los estudiantes en una institución educativa pública primaria de Pisco, Ica, durante el 2022. En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, estas capacidades son esenciales para afrontar retos cotidianos con comprensión, creatividad y responsabilidad social. La investigación, con enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico-hermenéutico, empleó entrevistas semiestructuradas para recolectar datos. Los resultados evidenciaron que la inteligencia emocional es un concepto poco conocido entre docentes, estudiantes y padres, destacando la necesidad de comprender primero qué es la inteligencia para abordar su desarrollo educativo. Se observó inestabilidad emocional en los estudiantes y dificultades para mantener un clima escolar adecuado, atribuibles a la falta de herramientas para gestionar situaciones de pérdida y frustración. Se recomienda implementar talleres en la comunidad educativa para fomentar el dominio de la inteligencia emocional y promover una convivencia sana en el ámbito escolar y cotidiano.
Desarrollo de las competencias matemáticas en el nivel inicial a través de los juegos interactivos y vivenciales
Authors: Maney Hu Rivas Gloria , Huapaya-Capcha Yoselin Andrea , De La Cruz Rioja Ricardo , Infante Takey Henry Ernesto , Shiguay Guizado Giomar Arturo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la influencia de los juegos interactivos y vivenciales en el desarrollo de las competencias matemáticas en niños de 5 años de la Institución Educativa 878 –Carabayllo, Perú. Se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental longitudinal para la recolección de datos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 160 estudiantes, de los cuales 79 integraron el grupo experimental y 81 el grupo control. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y la prueba U de Mann-Whitney para la contrastación de hipótesis. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia significativa en el desarrollo de las competencias matemáticas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control, a favor de los juegos interactivos y vivenciales. Con base en la significancia del postest (p = 0.000 < 0.05), se rechazó la hipótesis nula y se aceptó la hipótesis alterna: los juegos interactivos y vivenciales influyen positivamente en la adquisición de competencias matemáticas.
La ansiedad y el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas pospandemia
Authors: Saavedra López Juan José , Garvich Ormeño Angie Marlene , Torres Granados Aida Carmen
Published: December 2024

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha representado una serie de retos para los estudiantes universitarios, especialmente al reincorporarse a la presencialidad, siendo la ansiedad uno de los principales síntomas. Esta condición se ha constituido en un obstáculo para el desarrollo cognitivo de los estudiantes. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la ansiedad y el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas en estudiantes de pregrado de una Universidad Nacional en Lima durante el año 2022. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño correlacional no experimental, con una muestra de 137 estudiantes de la Carrera Profesional de Educación. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos: uno para medir el grado de ansiedad y otro para evaluar la percepción sobre las habilidades comunicativas. Los resultados indicaron que existe una correlación significativa entre la ansiedad y las habilidades comunicativas, concluyendo que la ansiedad influye negativamente en el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas de los estudiantes universitarios.
Entornos personales de aprendizaje en discentes y docentes de formación inicial en educación
Authors: Tolentino Escarcena Rodolfo , Medina Gamero Aldo , Flores Apaza Gissella Ana , Gonzales Torres Cornelio
Published: December 2024

La investigación trata el tema de los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PEL) empleados por los docentes en formación y en ejercicio (discentes y docentes) de la carrera de Educación Inicial. El objetivo fue comparar el uso de los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje en dos grupos, uno de docentes graduados y otro de estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Inicial. La muestra estuvo conformada por 53 discentes y 43 docentes a quienes se le aplicó un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert. Los resultados señalaron que no existen diferencias significativas en el colectivo; sin embargo, el empleo del Facebook fue la única estrategia que logró evidenciar lo contrario (X2= 8,70; p= ,03; V de Cramer = 0,30). Se concluyó que tanto las discentes como las docentes no tienen diferencias significativas en sus niveles de uso de los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje analizado desde una perspectiva comparativa para dos muestras independientes.
Retroalimentación efectiva en entornos de enseñanza digital por docentes
Authors: Alarcón Trillo de Suazo Ana Yuli , Suazo Zárate Jean Paúl , Rodríguez Saavedra Liliana
Published: December 2024

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del programa “Evaluando Ando” en las dimensiones de la retroalimentación efectiva en entornos de enseñanza digital aplicadas por docentes de una institución educativa. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa con una muestra de 30 docentes, divididos en un grupo experimental y un grupo de control, seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico. La información se recopiló mediante un cuestionario administrado al inicio y al final del estudio. Los resultados indican que el programa tiene efectos positivos en la mejora de la retroalimentación efectiva en entornos digitales. Asimismo, se concluye que “Evaluando Ando” constituye una herramienta relevante para el desarrollo docente y beneficia a los estudiantes al proporcionarles una orientación más efectiva por parte de sus maestros.
Moderasi Kristen di Indonesia
Authors: Saragih Jon Renis
Published: December 2024

Moderasi beragama merupakan kebijakan pemerintah untuk menyikapi ekstrem beragama baik kiri maupun kanan di Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut adalah baik karena berguna untuk menghadirkan kedamaian di tengah kemajemukan agama. Namun harus disadari bahwa hal itu juga dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya peran agama secara sosial. Agama yang seharusnya menjadi sumber bagi pembaharuan sosial, bisa ditumpulkan daya kritisnya dengan menjadikan moderasi beragama sebagai alasan. Artikel ini secara khusus bertujuan untuk mengungkap kontribusi orang Kristen dalam mewujudkan moderasi beragama di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis konsep moderasi Kristen berdasarkan Alkitab dan mengkaitkannya dengan praktik keberagamaan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai-nilai Alkitab tentang moderasi Kristen terletak pada kesederhanaan, jalan tengah dan keseimbangan. Konsep ini dapat diimplementasikan dalam bentuk toleransi, inklusivitas, dan pengembangan dialog antaragama. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru dengan menunjukkan relevansi iman Kristen dalam mendukung program moderasi beragama dan dapat menjadi referensi bagi umat Kristen dalam berkontribusi dalam keragaman agama di Indonesia, secara khusus Kristen Protestan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa moderasi beragama memiliki implementasi dalam menguatkan nasionalisme di Indonesia, melalui militansi dan keimanan yang moderat.
Dari Fondasi ke Transformasi: Analisis Sosio-Historis terhadap perkembangan HKBP Pematangsiantar pada tahun 1928-1934
Authors: Tambun Roy Haries Ifraldo , Lumban Gaol Ebeneser
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan gereja merupakan proses berkelanjutan yang harus di upayakan, baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Esensi perkembangan ini bukan sekadar pembangunan fisik, melainkan lebih utama pada pertumbuhan spiritual dan organisasional dari dalam gereja itu sendiri. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis sosio-historis. Adapun tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi perkembangan gereja HKBP Pematangsiantar. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan membatasi ruang lingkup penelitian, yaitu dinamika pendorong dan penghambat perkembangan gereja HKBP Pematangsiantar untuk menemukan implikasi perkembangan tersebut pada masa sekarang. Melalui penelitian ini, dapat diidentifikasi bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang berperan dalam perkembangan gereja HKBP Pematangsiantar adalah faktor sosiologis, spiritual, dan pendidikan. Secara sosiologis, semangat kemerdekaan "zelfstandigheid" dari zending kolonial Belanda mendorong kemandirian gereja untuk keluar dari zending kolonial Belanda. Hal ini juga mendorong perkembangan spiritual, dengan adanya persentase peningkatan jumlah pemeluk Kristen. Senada dengan hal tersebut faktor pendidikan berperan penting melalui program-program edukasi yang memperkuat pemahaman doktrinal dan pengembangan SDM.
O uso de inteligência artificial em operações policiais: análises das práticas no âmbito militar
Authors: Ramos Rafael Cunha
Published: December 2024

A segurança pública é uma temática que envolve diversos aspectos, desde questões sociais, econômicas, até a utilização de tecnologias para diferentes estratégias visando prevenção e combate. Outra temática que está em grande evidência é a utilização da inteligência artificial – IA para diferentes fins, como entretenimento, organização de informações e até mesmo dentro da segurança pública. Dados os índices de criminalidade, especialmente nas grandes metrópoles, são precisos que constantemente surjam iniciativas voltadas ao aumento da eficiência e eficácia das práticas policiais, tendo em vista que a ostensividade e demais ações de segurança precisam ser pensadas com estratégia e tecnologia, visando a otimização das ações militares. Sendo assim, a IA e a segurança pública são conceitos interligados, e é preciso que existam fundamentos plausíveis para o uso destas tecnologias a favor do bem-estar social. A partir destes elementos citados, o estudo tem a seguinte problemática: as tecnologias de inteligência artificial estão suficientemente avançadas para utilização em larga escala dentro da segurança pública? Procurando elucidar tal problemática o estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar os efeitos positivos das diferentes aplicações da inteligência artificial na segurança púbica. Como objetivos específicos: caracterizar as tecnologias que se enquadram no escopo da inteligência artificial; analisar quais ferramentas podem ser aplicadas em prol da segurança; analisar exemplos práticos contidos na literatura da utilização da IA aplicadas a segurança pública. O estudo se justifica a partir da perspectiva de que a utilização das tecnologias é elemento crucial para a promoção de estratégias mais estruturadas e com inteligência visando o bem-estar social. Para alcançar os objetivos supracitados, a presente pesquisa se caracteriza como uma revisão de literatura de natureza básica e qualitativa.
الطلب على الأسماك في دولة الكويت: سياسات إصلاحية وأثرها على رفاهية المستهلك
Authors: بوشهري محمود عبدالعزيز
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تقدير دوال الطلب لأحد عشر صنفاً من الأسماك الأكثر استهلاكاً في الكويت. ولتحديد العوامل والمتغيرات المؤثرة في الطلب على صنف معين من الأسماك ضمن المجموعة السمكية استخدم نموذج روتردام (Rotterdam Model) مع بيانات السلاسل الزمنية الفصلية لكميات التجزئة المستهلكة وأسعارها للفترة من 1974- 1998. هذا، وقد أظهرت النتائج أن الطلب على معظم الأصناف من الأسماك يعد مرناً (ذا مرونة سعرية مرتفعة)، مما يعني أن الاستهلاك سوف يتأثر بدرجة كبيرة نسبيَّا بالتغيرات السعرية. كما أوضحت النتائج أن المرونات السعرية التبادلية بين الأصناف المختلفة هي في العموم موجبة، ولكنها غير مرتفعة، وهو ما يعني أن استهلاك صنف معين من الأسماك سوف يزداد زيادة معتدلة نتيجة لزيادة أسعار الأصناف الأخرى. وقد أشارت الدراسة أيضا إلى أن الانخفاض أو التكلفة في رفاهية المستهلك الناتجة عن فرضية تقييد كميات الأسماك المصيدة يعد محدوداً.
استخدام عملاء البنوك من الأفراد للإنترنت المصرفي بدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة: دراسة استكشافية
Authors: العادلي محمد إسماعيل
Published: December 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة استخدام عملاء البنوك من الأفراد للإنترنت المصرفي بدولة الإمارات. وتتمثل الأهداف الرئيسة لها في التعرف إلى أكثر المعاملات المصرفية التي تستخدم الإنترنت المصرفي في توزيعها، وكذلك اتجاهات مستخدميه نحوه، وتحديد الأسباب التي قد تودي إلى عدم استخدامه، وكذلك التعرف إلى الخصائص الديموغرافية لمن يستخدمون ومن لا يستخدمون الإنترنت المصرفي. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على عينة عشوائية مرورية منتظمة من عملاء البنوك في ثلاث مدن هي أبوظبي ودبي والعين؛ حيث بلغ عدد الاستقصاءات المستخدمة في تحليل البيانات 409 قائمة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن وظائف النظر إلى الحسابات هي أكثر الوظائف التي يستخدم الإنترنت المصرفي في إنجازاها، يليها وظائف التحكم في الحسابات ثم وظائف الحصول على الخدمات الجديدة، كما أن هناك اتجاهات إيجابية لدى مستخدمي الإنترنت المصرفي نحوه. أما أهم أسباب عدم الاستخدام فتتمثل بالترتيب في الخشية من أن يكون غير آمن بالقدر الكافي، يليها إمكانية حدوث أخطاء أثناء التعامل، ثم عدم المعرفة بالإنترنت المصرفي وكيفية التعامل من خلاله، ثم عدم الرغبة في التغيير. وقد انتهت هذه الدراسة بعدد من التوصيات الأكاديمية والتطبيقية.
دراسة مقارنة بين موقف المرأة الخليجية والمرأة الغربية تجاه القيادة في العمل
Authors: نيل مارك , فينلاي جيم , بيروتي نوري
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة المقارنة إلى مناقشة وتحليل الاختلاف في موقف المرأة في المجتمع الخليجي العربي والمجتمع الغربي بالنسبة للقيادة. وأظهرت الدراسة وجود اختلاف مهم من جانب البعد التحليلي، "التقليدي" و "التعاوني". ويفسر هذا الاختلاف بين المجموعتين في نطاق الخلفية التاريخية والثقافية لهما. وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى إثراء المعرفة والإسهام في الحوار حول نظرة المرأة الخليجية وموقفها بالنسبة للقيادة،  كما أنها تعطي مساحة أوسع من الحوار ليشمل النساء من الدول النامية الأخرى.
دراسة مؤشرات الأداء في صالونات التجميل للسيدات بمدينة دبي: دراسة استكشافية
Authors: إبراهيم محمد الهادي , بوحسين رجاء
Published: December 2024

استهدف البحث دراسة الاستخدام الفعلي وما يفضله المديرون والموظفون من مؤشرات الأداء لدى عينة من صالونات التجميل للسيدات بمدينة دبي. واستخدم أسلوب تحليل المكونات الرئيسة، والاختبارات الإحصائية غير البارومترية. وقد توصل البحث إلى النتائج الآتية: أولا: ليس هناك اختلاف مهم بين مؤشرات الأداء المفضلة لدى المديرين والموظفين. ثانيا: هناك اختلاف مهم بين المؤشرات المستخدمة فعلا لقياس الأداء وما يفضل المديرون والموظفون استخدامه. ثالثا: أن مجموعة مقاييس الأداء المستخدمة تركز أساساً على النواحي المالية والعمليات الداخلية، وتهمل الجوانب الأخرى من مقاييس الأداء المتوازنة. رابعا: أن مجموعة مقاييس الأداء التي يفضلها المديرون والموظفون معا تشمل النواحي المالية والعمليات الداخلية والعملاء. ويوصي البحث باستخدام مجموعة من المقاييس التي تتصف بالشمول لقياس الأداء في صالونات التجميل للسيدات، وضرورة إشراك الموظفين في عملية تطوير مقاييس الأداء. كما يقترح إنشاء منظمة لصالونات التجميل على المستوى القومي لزيادة مستوى التوعية وتطوير مقاييس الأداء.
المقارنة بين استخدام الشبكات العصبية وساريما للتنبؤ بأعداد الوفيات الشهرية الناتجة عن حوادث المرور بالكويت
Authors: العباسي عبدالحميد محمد
Published: December 2024

تستهدف الدراسة الحالية المقارنة بين استخدام أسلوب الشبكات العصبية Neural Networks، وساريما SARIMA للتنبؤ بأعداد الوفيات الشهرية الناتجة عن حوادث المرور بالكويت. ويعد أسلوب ساريما من الطرق الإحصائية الشائعة الاستخدام في التنبؤ بقيم الظاهرة مستقبلاً اعتماداً على الارتباط بين قيمة الظاهرة وقيمها السابقة اعتماداً على علاقة خطية، ومن ثم قد تكون مقيدة في تطبيقاتها. أما أسلوب الشبكات العصبية فلا يشترط الخطية عند تطبيقه (يعتمد على علاقات خطية وغير خطية)، ومن ثم يكون أنسب في هذه الظروف. ثبت أن الشبكات العصبية الاصطناعية أكثر دقة وكفاءة في التنبؤ من أسلوب ساريما، حيث وصلت الشبكات لمعدل مرتفع وعال من الدقة مع احتفاظها بأفضليتها في التنبؤ.
محددات سياسات توزيع الأرباح النقدية: دليل من سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية
Authors: بورسلي أماني خالد , عبدالسلام فايز عبدالرحمن
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة أساساً إلى البحث عن العوامل المؤثرة في سياسات توزيع الأرباح، إضافة إلى تحديد مدى انطباق نظرية التدفقات النقدية الفائضة (Free-cash flow over-investment) على السوق الكويتية. حيث لاقت نظرية التدفقات النقدية الفائضة قبولا في السوق الأمريكي بوصفها أحد التفسيرات المحتملة لسياسات توزيع الأرباح. ودلت نتائج هذه الدراسة على وجود اختلاف كبير بين الشركات الموزعة للأرباح النقدية؛ من حيث الربح التشغيلي، والفرص الاستثمارية، وحجم الأصول والمديوينة. حيث تميزت الشركات الموزعة للأرباح بربحية أعلى ونسبة سوقية إلى دفترية أعلى ومديونية أقل. ولقد أشارت النتائج إلى أن العامل الرئيس في قرارات توزيع الأرباح في نهاية السنة في الشركات الكويتية محل الدراسة هو الأرباح المحققة في نهاية السنة المالية، على خلاف ما هو معمول به عالميا. ولقد وجدنا أيضا أن الشركات الموزعة للأرباح لديها فرص نمو أعلى وذلك على عكس توقعات نظرية التدفقات النقدية الفائضة. وأخيرا، أشارت نتائج الدراسة إشارة غير مباشرة إلى وجود مشكلة تكلفة الوكالة (Agency Cost Problem)، ولكن لم نجد أي دليل يؤكد وجود هذه المشكلة. لذا، نستطيع أن نستنتج أن مشكلة تكلفة الوكالة المرتبطة بالتدفقات النقدية الفائضة ليس لها أي علاقة بسياسات توزيع الأرباح في السوق الكويتية في الفترة المدروسة.
الإصلاحات المالية ومدى تباعد أسعار الفائدة في الجهاز المصرفي الأردني (1981 – 2002)
Authors: أومت غسان محمد خير , الزعبي خالد محمد
Published: December 2024

بناء على الأهمية الاقتصادية لتحرير سعر الفائدة، وحجم قطاع البنوك الأردني فإنه من المفيد أن نختبر أثر هذا التعديل المالي الذي حصل في العام 1989/90 (تحرير سعر الفائدة) على هامش الفائدة في البنوك الأردنية. وتشير نتائج التحاليل الإحصائية إلى أن تحرير سعر الفائدة لم يؤثر في هامش الفائدة. كما تشير النتائج إلى أن المحددات الرئيسة لهامش الفائدة هي إجمالي القروض إلى الأصول، ومخصصات الديون المشكوك فيها إلى إجمالي القروض. وبعبارة أخرى، فإن البنوك الأردنية لا تحمل العملاء تكلفة الإقراض ومخصصاتها من خلال توسيع هوامش سعر الفائدة.