bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gene expression profiling of the masticatory muscle tendons and Achilles tendons under tensile strain in the Japanese macaque Macaca fuscata
Authors: Ito Ko , Go Yasuhiro , Tatsumoto Shoji , Usui Chika , Mizuno Yosuke , Ikami Eiji , Isozaki Yuta , Usui Michihiko , Kajihara Takeshi , Yoda Tetsuya , Inoue Ken-ichi , Takada Masahiko , Sato Tsuyoshi
Published: January 2023

Both Achilles and masticatory muscle tendons are large load-bearing structures, and excessive mechanical loading leads to hypertrophic changes in these tendons. In the maxillofacial region, hyperplasia of the masticatory muscle tendons and aponeurosis affect muscle extensibility resulting in limited mouth opening. Although gene expression profiles of Achilles and patellar tendons under mechanical strain are well investigated in rodents, the gene expression profile of the masticatory muscle tendons remains unexplored. Herein, we examined the gene expression pattern of masticatory muscle tendons and compared it with that of Achilles tendons under tensile strain conditions in the Japanese macaque Macaca fuscata. Primary tenocytes isolated from the masticatory muscle tendons (temporal tendon and masseter aponeurosis) and Achilles tendons were mechanically loaded using the tensile force and gene expression was analyzed using the next-generation sequencing. In tendons exposed to tensile strain, we identified 1076 differentially expressed genes with a false discovery rate (FDR) < 10−10. To identify genes that are differentially expressed in temporal tendon and masseter aponeurosis, an FDR of < 10−10 was used, whereas the FDR for Achilles tendons was set at > 0.05. Results showed that 147 genes are differentially expressed between temporal tendons and masseter aponeurosis, out of which, 125 human orthologs were identified using the Ensemble database. Eight of these orthologs were related to tendons and among them the expression of the glycoprotein nmb and sphingosine kinase 1 was increased in temporal tendons and masseter aponeurosis following exposure to tensile strain. Moreover, the expression of tubulin beta 3 class III, which promotes cell cycle progression, and septin 9, which promotes cytoskeletal rearrangements, were decreased in stretched Achilles tendon cells and their expression was increased in stretched masseter aponeurosis and temporal tendon cells. In conclusion, cyclic strain differentially affects gene expression in Achilles tendons and tendons of the masticatory muscles.
CRISPR mediated transactivation in the human disease vector Aedes aegypti
Authors: Bui Michelle , Dalla Benetta Elena , Dong Yuemei , Zhao Yunchong , Yang Ting , Li Ming , Antoshechkin Igor A. , Buchman Anna , Bottino-Rojas Vanessa , James Anthony A. , Perry Michael W. , Dimopoulos George , Akbari Omar S.
Published: January 2023

As a major insect vector of multiple arboviruses,Aedes aegyptiposes a significant global health and economic burden. A number of genetic engineering tools have been exploited to understand its biology with the goal of reducing its impact. For example, current tools have focused on knocking-down RNA transcripts, inducing loss-of-function mutations, or expressing exogenous DNA. However, methods for transactivating endogenous genes have not been developed. To fill this void, here we developed a CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) system inAe.aegyptito transactivate target gene expression. Gene expression is activated through pairing a catalytically-inactive (‘dead’) Cas9 (dCas9) with a highly-active tripartite activator, VP64-p65-Rta (VPR) and synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) complementary to a user defined target-gene promoter region. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that engineeredAe.aegyptimosquitoes harboring a binary CRISPRa system can be used to effectively overexpress two developmental genes,even-skipped (eve)andhedgehog (hh), resulting in observable morphological phenotypes. We also used this system to overexpress the positive transcriptional regulator of the Toll immune pathway known asAaRel1, which resulted in a significant suppression of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) titers in the mosquito. This system provides a versatile tool for research pathways not previously possible inAe.aegypti, such as programmed overexpression of endogenous genes, and may aid in gene characterization studies and the development of innovative vector control tools.
A fiber-enriched diet alleviates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis by activating the HDAC3-mediated antimicrobial program in macrophages via butyrate production in mice
Authors: Zhao Caijun , Bao Lijuan , Zhao Yihong , Wu Keyi , Qiu Min , Feng Lianjun , Zhang Naisheng , Hu Xiaoyu , Fu Yunhe
Published: January 2023

Mounting evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of mastitis, an important disease affecting the health of lactating women and the development of the dairy industry. However, the effect of the regulation of the gut microbiota by dietary components on mastitis development remains unknown. In this study, we found that a fiber-enriched diet alleviated Staphylococcus aureus (S. au)-induced mastitis in mice, which was dependent on the gut microbiota as depletion of the gut microbiota by antibiotics abolished this protective effect. Likewise, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from high-inulin (HI)-treated mice (HIF) to recipient mice improved S. au-induced mastitis in mice. Consumption of an HI diet and HIF increased fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels compared with the control group. Moreover, treatment with SCFAs, especially butyrate, alleviated S. au-induced mastitis in mice. Mechanistically, consumption of an HI diet enhanced the host antimicrobial program in macrophages through inhibiting histone deacetylase 3 by the production of butyrate. Collectively, our results suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota and its metabolism by dietary components is a potential strategy for mastitis intervention and serve as a basis for other infectious diseases.
Teaching Socioscientific Issues through Scientific Scenarios: A Case Evaluation Based on Secondary School Students’ Views
Authors: ŞAŞMAZÖREN Fatma , KARAPINAR Ayşegül , SARI Kübranur , DEMİRER Tuğba
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to make a situation assessment of student views on the processing of socioscientific issues through scientific scenarios.As a sample of socioscientific issues, the 'DNA and Genetic Code' unit, which is included in the secondary school science curriculum, was taken as the basis. The study was conducted with 8th grade students in a public school. As a method, a case study was used, which allowed the students' views to be examined in depth. The data were collected with a opinion form and semi-structured interviews. The opinion form data were analysed by content analysis, and semi-structured interviews were analysed by descriptive analysis. At the end of the study about the teaching of the socioscientific issues of ‘DNA and Genetic Code’ unit through scientific scenarios, it was revealed that the students thought that their academic achievement increased, they provided permanent learning, scientific scenarios were effective in associating lessons with daily life, and their awareness of social issues increased. It was also understood that they discovered skills such as critical thinking, decision-making and empathy in themselves at the end of the applications. According to the findings obtained from the students, the teaching of socioscientific issues through scientific scenarios increases the interest and motivation towards the lesson, makes the lesson enjoyable and fun, and facilitates understanding. In line with the experiences and findings obtained from the applications, suggestions were made for the use of scientific scenarios in the teaching of socioscientific issues.
The Correlation of Health Literacy Related to Health-Promoting University towards Healthy Behavior Among The Academic Community
Authors: Rubai Windri Lesmana , Masfiah Siti , Maqfiroch Arrum Firda Ayu
Published: January 2023

Background: Health is a substantial factor in creating distinguished human resources. University, as a prominent institution in society, has a role in creating distinguished human resources that could be realized with the campus policy concerned with health issues. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (UNSOED) has not made a specific health Promoting University (HPU) policy or a healthy campus program. The importance of health problem surveillance in the case of the academic community –and its determinant–and its result could be fundamental, either in the decision-making or policy planning related to the creation of a healthy campus at UNSOED. The study intends to analyze the correlation between health literacy and the attitude of HPU towards healthy behavior among the academic community at UNSOED.Method: The study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional. The data acquisition was carried out by online sampling from August until September 2021. A total of 238 respondents were involved: lecturers, academic staff, and students from 12 faculties at UNSOED. The data respondents were analyzed with chi-square. Results: The majority of respondents were not infected with a chronic disease, were immune from COVID-19 and had no allergies either. Most of the respondents have moderate health literacy, supporting the policy about HPU, but most still lack consciousness to apply healthy behavior on campus. The correlation between health literacy and healthy behavior in the impacted group could only be found in the UNSOED lecturer (p-value 0.034), instead of the other groups. There is no impacted relation between the attitude and the healthy behavior of all respondent group. It is necessary to develop a health promotion university program that follows the academic community's needs.
School-Based meditation in adolescents: an integrative literature review
Authors: Pinto Nilson Vieira , Sarmento Vivianne dos Santos Moreira , Sousa Roberto , Girão Áthila Campos , Frota Mirna Albuquerque
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Utility of cognitive-behavioral practice interventions in school settings have been discussed by the scientific community regarding their possibility of insertion in the educational field. In this way, this review article analyzes the scientific production on the practice of meditation offered at school in adolescents, since the appropriation of studies that point to reflections and perspectives of meditative practice can favor the development of new pedagogical trajectories in the school environment.

Content

The electronic databases VHL, PubMed, and CAPES were consulted, using the combination of the terms related to meditation, adolescents, and school. This analysis resulted in eight articles, including field research and reviews, published between 2010 and 2021.

The articles showed improvement in emotional coping skills, social relationships, self-regulation, control of mood levels, stress, depression, and anger, and significant gains in self-reflection and academic attention. They pointed out that elementary and high school students present more significant responses, and these factors, such as duration, frequency, and systematization of the session, can interfere with these responses.

Outlook

These results indicate that meditation practice in adolescents can be a valuable strategy for health promotion and educational training in the school environment.
Groundwater flow modeling and hydraulic assessment of Al-Ruhbah region, Iraq
Authors: Zwain Hanadi H. , Abed Basim Sh.
Published: January 2023

Al-Ruhbah region is located in the southwest of Najaf Governorate. A numerical model was created to simulate groundwater flow and analyze the water quality of the groundwater, by developing a conceptual model within the groundwater modeling system software. Nineteen wells were used, 15 for pumping and four for observation. A three-dimensional model was built based on the cross-sections indicating the geologic layers of the study area, which were composed of five layers. When a distance of 1,000 m between the wells was adopted, 135 wells can be operated simultaneously. These wells were hypothetically operated at 6, 12, and 18 h intervals, with a discharge of 200, 430, and 650 m3/day, respectively, and the maximum drawdowns of 12.5, 15, and 21 m were achieved. Water was also extracted from five wells in the study area to evaluate the quality of water for irrigation purposes and to characterize the type of water in these wells based on the Food and Agriculture Organization and Iraqi standards. The results of the laboratory tests revealed that the water suffers from different salinity concentrations, so for a large part of the study area, the water is suitable for some plants that can withstand high salt ranges between 3,000 and7,500 µc/cm.
Revisiting the concepts of translation studies: equivalence in linguistic translation from the point of view of Peircean universal categories
Authors: Rędzioch-Korkuz Anna
Published: January 2023

The concept of equivalence seems to be one of the most contentious issues of the academic discourse on linguistic translation, as it has long been associated with the much criticised approaches that would follow the naive idea of sameness or close correspondence between languages. For these reasons there have been voices claiming that the concept is not needed and, as such, should be rejected. However, equivalence is central to linguistic translation, being one of the main goals of this activity, even though it is often hidden behind other concepts, including adequacy, relevance or interpretive resemblance. Accordingly, a more global approach offered by semiotics may help to revisit the traditional, yet unpopular, understanding of equivalence. This article attempts to discuss the concept of equivalence from the point of view of the universal categories put forward by Charles Sanders Peirce. To this end it provides an overview of approaches to equivalence within the discipline of translation studies, lists the most pertinent features of the concept and refers them to Peirce’s universal categories. It is argued that equivalence is founded on the triad similarity-difference-mediation that is determined by and within the context of translation.
Counting and mapping of subwavelength nanoparticles from a single shot scattering pattern
Authors: Chan Eng Aik , Rendón-Barraza Carolina , Wang Benquan , Pu Tanchao , Ou Jun-Yu , Wei Hongxin , Adamo Giorgio , An Bo , Zheludev Nikolay I.
Published: January 2023

Particle counting is of critical importance for nanotechnology, environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical, food and semiconductor industries. Here we introduce a super-resolution single-shot optical method for counting and mapping positions of subwavelength particles on a surface. The method is based on the deep learning analysis of the intensity profile of the coherent light scattered on the group of particles. In a proof of principle experiment, we demonstrated particle counting accuracies of more than 90%. We also demonstrate that the particle locations can be mapped on a 4 × 4 grid with a nearly perfect accuracy (16-pixel binary imaging of the particle ensemble). Both the retrieval of number of particles and their mapping is achieved with super-resolution: accuracies are similar for sets with closely located optically unresolvable particles and sets with sparsely located particles. As the method does not require fluorescent labelling of the particles, is resilient to small variations of particle sizes, can be adopted to counting various types of nanoparticulates and high rates, it can find applications in numerous particles counting tasks in nanotechnology, life sciences and beyond.
Chiral-magic angle of nanoimprint meta-device
Authors: Chen Mu Ku , Zhang Jing Cheng , Leung Cheuk Wai , Sun Linshan , Fan Yubin , Liang Yao , Yao Jin , Liu Xiaoyuan , Yuan Jiaqi , Xu Yuanhao , Tsai Din Ping , Pang Stella W.
Published: January 2023

The magic angle of Twistronics has attracted a lot of attention because of its peculiar electrical characteristics. Moiré patterns formed by the superlattice of a twisted bilayer change overall physical properties. Circular dichroism can also be manipulated through the generated moiré pattern. Here, we report a polymer-based twisted bilayer meta-device fabricated by multilayer nanoimprint technology and study the magic angle of chirality. The superlattice of the bilayer meta-device creates moiré patterns and brings unique chiral optical responses. The bilayer nanoimprint technology is developed for metasurfaces with relative twist angles. Via the twist angle control, polymer materials with a low refractive index can manipulate the electric field of the light and reveal the chiral magic angle. Moreover, the shape of the meta-atoms plays a key role in chiral magic angle tuning. The chirality engineering by the reported nanoimprint technology and chiral meta-devices may contribute to applications in chiral imaging, biomedical sensing, lasing, and tunable optical devices.
Hydrogen bonded dimers in the crystal structure of 2-chloro-N-((3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamoyl)-nicotinamide, C30H28Cl2N6O4
Authors: Wang Yi-Ning , Min Li-Jing , Han Liang , Liu Xing-Hai , Sun Guo-Xiang
Published: January 2023

C30H28Cl2N6O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 15.812(5) Å, b = 8.820(3) Å, c = 22.615(7) Å, β = 109.814(10)°, V = 2967.2(16) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0489, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1302, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[di-µ2-aqua-aqua-nitrato-κ2
O,O′-(µ3-2-nitroisophthalato-κ4
O,O′:O″:O′″)barium(II)natrium(II)] monohydrate, C8H11BaN2NaO13
Authors: Huang Guang , Xing Yalong
Published: January 2023

C8H11BaN2NaO13, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.4892(6) Å, b = 9.9140(9) Å, c = 11.3274(7) Å, α = 106.813(7)°, β = 98.508(6)°, γ = 107.024(7)°, V = 744.53(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0316, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0663, T = 292.6(6) K.
Phase-preserving methods to visualise ultrasonic fields with schlieren imaging
Authors: Hetkämper Tim , Koch Kevin , Claes Leander , Henning Bernd
Published: January 2023

Schlieren imaging allows visualising local density modulations in optically transparent media, which enables to analyse ultrasonic wave propagation. In typical measurement setups, spatial filtering is applied. Commonly, phase information of the ultrasonic wave is lost, which e.g. prevents accurate tomographic reconstruction. In this work two methods are presented to preserve phase information. The first method relies on the combination of two different spatial filters, while the second method does not require any spatial filtering. The fractional Fourier transform is applied to explain and simulate the effects occurring if the position of one of the optical lenses in a schlieren measurement setup is varied. Exemplary images of ultrasonic waves are shown to demonstrate the application of both methods.
Supramodal Representation of the Sense of Body Ownership in the Human Parieto-Premotor and Extrastriate Cortices
Authors: Sonobe Yusuke , Yamagata Toyoki , Yang Huixiang , Haruki Yusuke , Ogawa Kenji
Published: January 2023

The sense of body ownership, defined as the sensation that one’s body belongs to oneself, is a fundamental component of bodily self-consciousness. Several studies have shown the importance of multisensory integration for the emergence of the sense of body ownership, together with the involvement of the parieto-premotor and extrastriate cortices in bodily awareness. However, whether the sense of body ownership elicited by different sources of signal, especially visuotactile and visuomotor inputs, is represented by common neural patterns remains to be elucidated. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the existence of neural correlates of the sense of body ownership independent of the sensory modalities. Participants received tactile stimulation or executed finger movements while given synchronous and asynchronous visual feedback of their hand. We used multivoxel patterns analysis (MVPA) to decode the synchronous and asynchronous conditions with cross-classification between two modalities: the classifier was first trained in the visuotactile sessions and then tested in the visuomotor sessions, and vice versa. Regions of interest (ROIs)-based and searchlight analyses revealed significant above-chance cross-classification accuracies in the bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS), the bilateral ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and the left extrastriate body area (EBA). Moreover, we observed a significant positive correlation between the cross-classification accuracy in the left PMv and the difference in subjective ratings of the sense of body ownership between the synchronous and asynchronous conditions. Our findings revealed the neural representations of the sense of body ownership in the IPS, PMv, and EBA that is invariant to the sensory modalities.
Lika, Ličani i lička naselja u časopisu Kršćanska obitelj (1900. – 1920. i 1938. – 1944.)
Authors: Tomić Draženko
Published: January 2023

Christian family is a journal of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was printed in Mostar. In this article we look at the frequency of concepts: Lika and Ličan (in / ka). In the old Christian Family (1900 – 1920) there are few of these terms. In the young Christian Family (1938 – 1944) there are more of these terms. This situation has an administrative background: establishing a banovine and later a common state. In the Christian Family there are many actors from World War II. Senj, Gospić and Ogulin are the most frequently towns. Lika and Herzegovina have a great kilometer and administrative distance. They are linked through national and religious heroes.
El espacio carcelario: aproximación crítica sobre habitar la cárcel en hacinamiento
Authors: Valverde Morales Marcelo
Published: January 2023

This work is the result of the project “A pedagogy for reunion” of IDELA. It proposes a theoretical approach for the definition of an overcrowded prison, using as a methodological strategy the testimony and poems of people deprived and formerly deprived of liberty in Costa Rica. Who, from their narratives, describe the experience of inhabiting a penitentiary center from the perspective of everyday life.
La movilidad humana en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: García Saltos Carmita Dolores , Albert Márquez José J.
Published: January 2023

The coronavirus pandemic has placed greater emphasis on the binomials of human mobility; therefore, the article aims to analyze human mobility in times of pandemic, due to its devastating impact on the world. The analysis defines the number of migrants who have plummeted before this event, disrupting their dreams and future plans. It is concluded that migration passes through the contexts of political alliances between peoples and States, creating rights and obligations, but at the same time, conceptualizing the classic power over freedom, nationality and their basic rights in the face of clandestinely. Thus, determining the formation of possible constitutional reforms.
El plazo razonable de la detención preventiva en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y en la jurisprudencia de Colombia
Authors: Martínez Espinosa Luisa Fernanda , Morales Álvarez Christian Bernardo
Published: January 2023

This article addresses the importance of the Jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, its interpretative and binding nature within the internal normative systems of each country that have signed international treaties and agreements, as in the Colombian case; The development of the Reasonable Term criterion as a substantial and procedural guarantee is part of the protection of the Human Rights of persons deprived in a preventive way of liberty, this guarantee must be incorporated into internal legislation and applied in a mandatory manner by judicial bodies. It is concluded that the Colombian State, despite never having been convicted of any case in which the excessive duration of preventive detention as a precautionary measure is demonstrated, does exist legal antecedents where it is evidenced that its use in some cases has exceeded the reasonable period that limits the duration of the measure; taking into account the judgments of the Court against other countries regarding this motive as a cause of violation of human rights and on the periodic evaluations regarding the use of preventive detention in the Americas.
Composition analysis of canola and intermediate wheatgrass biomass and the effects of extraction
Authors: Johnsrude Lauren M. , Scheffel Aidan J. , Allen Brett L. , Wettstein Stephanie G.
Published: January 2023

Knowing the composition of biomass is critical for determining accurate yields of renewable chemicals and fuels; however, nonstructural components can affect the results of standard composition procedures, leading to inaccurate reactant amounts. To remove these nonstructural components, solvent extractions can be done, but the impact on composition values has not been well-reported. For this study, compositional analysis was performed on as-received canola (Brassica napus) and intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium), as well as ethanol, water, and water/ethanol extracted biomasses. Water/ethanol extraction of the intermediate wheatgrass resulted in significantly lower xylose and both acid soluble and insoluble lignin amounts when compared to the as-received analysis. Since sugar was removed during the extractions, it is recommended to use the as-received composition values for glucuronoarabinoxylans; however, the extractives may interfere with the lignin analysis and therefore, the extracted lignin values are likely more reflective of the composition.
The impact of RAS mutation on the treatment strategy of colorectal cancer
Authors: Pirvu Edvina Elena , Severin Emilia , Niţă Irina , Toma Ștefania Andreea
Published: January 2023

Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) is the most frequently mutated oncogene in colorectal cancer, being present in 30% of patients with localized disease and in almost half of the patients that develop metastatic disease. While the development of chemotherapy doublets and targeted therapy have improved survival in recent years, KRAS mutation still has a controversial role regarding its prognostic and predictive value both in the adjuvant and in the metastatic setting. The impact of KRAS mutation on treatment strategy remains to be better defined. The development of new KRAS inhibitors promising new treatment options is on the horizon.
Can computers replace medical thinking?
Authors: Buta Mircea Gelu
Published: January 2023

Many are wondering if computers can replace the work of doctors. Medical science works on a set of values such as simplicity, elegance, predisposition for control, and doctors do more than process data, they understand nuances and learn to master uncertainty. Doctors maintain a human touch that cannot be replaced by a data-processing machine, with the observation that such a machine could help the doctor’s work.
Comparing the doctor with “a machine” can only be a compliment when referring to the efficient work of the profession, but without the life-giving love, medicine remains only a computer program and the patient a data sheet.
Сategorization of the linguistic conceptual sphere: gender of nouns
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kazymyrova Iryna
Published: January 2023

The article reveals the nature of such fundamental problems of cognitive linguistics as linguistic categorization. The connection between the conceptualization and categorization processes as mental procedures of obtaining, processing, storing and reproducing information is shown. It is emphasized that hierarchical relations are objectified, particularly in dictionaries of linguistic terms. The formation of grammatical categories is qualified as secondary categorization. The development of nominations for the designation of the grammatical gender category in the Ukrainian language and, accordingly, the peculiarities of categorization of this class of words has been reproduced. It is noted that a linguistic term can be represented as an element of a system in which hierarchical relations are fixed. The main types of hierarchical relations between linguistic concepts are generic (hyper-hyponymous) and partitive (part and whole) relations. These relations are quite stable and independent of the context. It is proved that the study of the evolution of the grammatical categories of the Ukrainian language, which is based on the fixation and analysis of terminological nominations from different times, makes it possible to highlight the peculiarities of the mental processes that accompany their formation and modern functioning. Keywords: cognitive linguistics, categorization, linguistic term, grammatical gender category, historical terminology
Professor L. S. Palamarchuk in the history of Ukrainian lexicology and lexicography
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Samoilova Iryna
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of the famous Ukrainian linguist, lexicologist and lexicographer of the 20th century L. S. Palamarchuk, a former employee of the Potebnia Institute of Linguistics and the Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. He would have turned 100 this August. His name immediately brings to mind the lexicological and lexicographic school, which is associated with the Department of Lexicology and Lexicography of the Potebnia Institute of Linguistics. L. S. Palamarchuk headed the Department for 24 years until 1987. The scientist devoted his entire scientific life to his native Department. He was also the Deputy Director of the Academic Institute for Research. The main facts from the professor’s biography are given. He owns about 130 publications in specialized, didactic journals, collective monographs, domestic collections of articles, foreign collections, periodicals. He has contributed to over 70 publications as an editor. The directions of his lexicological research at different stages of scientific activity are outlined: study of the synonymy of the works of the Ukrainian writer of the 19th century M. M. Kotsіubynsʹkyi, ways of developing the vocabulary of the Ukrainian literary language, elements of the oral literary language. Comparative studies of the Ukrainian language with other Slavic languages are also mentioned. The dictionaries of different periods of publication, in the preparation of which the scientist took part, are named. The Explanatory Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language in 11 volumes was especially noted. This lexicographical reference book became the work of his whole life. The characteristic of L. S. Palamarchuk’s individual monographs is given. The main theses from the text of the monographs are emphasized, which have not lost their relevance for new lexicographic projects. They concern the study of lexical composition, the formation of a register of dictionaries, sources of illustrative material. Keywords: lexicology, lexicography, synonymy, vocabulary of the modern language, L. S. Palamarchuk
Polygonatum polysaccharide attenuates inflammation through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats
Authors: Zhao Chun-chun , Zhang Meng , Peng Jian-fei , Ma Yao-yao , Zhao Xiao-ni , Wen Zhong-yu , Wang Shu-shu , Shen An-lu , Shi Hui
Published: January 2023

Polygonatum polysaccharide (PP) has good myocardial protection. This study aims to find whether PP can relieve inflammation and play a protective role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to induce DCM in rats, which were then separated into four groups: model group, PP-200 group (200 mg/kg PP), PP-400 group (400 mg/kg PP), and Met group (120 mg/kg metformin). Both control (NC) and model groups of rats were administered normal saline. According to the kit instructions mentioned on the kit, the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin (INS), and myocardial enzymes (creatinine kinase, B-type natriuretic peptide, and cardiac troponin I) were measured after 8 weeks. Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to observe pathological changes. Myocardial RNA and protein levels of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) were quantified through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. The in vivo findings showed that PP could reduce blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and INS levels, enhance heart functioning, restore histological alterations and myocardial enzymes, and relieve myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, PP suppressed the expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD. PP could reduce inflammation in DCM rats by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome.
Amino acid and fatty acid compositions of texturized vegetable proteins
Authors: De Angelis Davide , Pasqualone Antonella , Squeo Giacomo , Caponio Francesco , Summo Carmine
Published: January 2023

Texturized proteins are the main ingredients of meat analogues. This paper evaluated the amino acid and the fatty acid compositions of texturized proteins produced by pea isolates, soy isolates, or dry-fractionated pea proteins, all combined with oat proteins. The nutritional composition was significantly affected by the protein sources. All the texturized proteins had a balanced amino acid profile, complying with the recommendations by FAO/WHO, except for the sulfur amino acids. The fatty acid profile showed the predominance of the polyunsaturated fraction, which was the highest in the dry-fractionated pea mixes. The trans-isomers’ content was lower than 0.5%.
Beliefs on Inclusive Education Among Teachers and Students of Pedagogical Faculties in South-Eastern Poland
Authors:   University of Rzeszów, Zaborniak-Sobczak Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

The values teachers recognise are an important factor in their actions towards a diverse group of learners. Teacher education must systematically develop a conceptual and contextual understanding of inclusive education, and the assessment of teachers’ competencies in this area supports the building of knowledge regarding the direction of their professional development. The results of the research aimed at identifying the beliefs of teachers and students of pedagogical faculties on the values and competencies of teachers that are important in the context of inclusive education. The four core values and areas of competence of an inclusive education teacher are: differences between learners are considered a resource and an asset to education, supporting all learners, working with others, and personal and professional development of teachers. The research results show that in basic teacher education and professional development, attention should be paid to the development of competencies in the concepts of inclusive education and promoting the academic, practical, social and emotional learning of all learners.
Detection rate and characteristics of heart failure, depending on the diagnostic criteria in COVID-19 survivors one year after hospitalization
Authors: Mareev Yu. V. , Lukyanov M. M. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Pulin A. A. , Kutishenko N. P. , Andreenko E. Yu. , Voronina V. P. , Dindikova V. A. , Dmitrieva N. A. , Makoveeva A. N. , Lerman O. V. , Okshina E. Yu. , Smirnov A. A. , Kudryavtseva M. M. , Belova E. N. , Klyashtorny V. G. , Kudryashov E. V. , Karpov O. E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To estimate the detection rate of heart failure (HF), using various diagnosis criteria, among patients aftr 12 months after hospital treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. The study included 185 patients from the TARGET-VIP registry who came for a visit 12 months after hospitalization for COVID-19. To identify HF with reduced (HFrEF) and mildly reduced (HFmrEF) ejection fraction (EF), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) criteria (2016 and 2021) were used. To identify HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), we used the ESC criteria (2016 and 2021), as well as the 2018 Russian guidelines and H2FPEF score.

Results. In the analyzed group, there were no patients with EF <40%, while one patient had EF of 48% and 184 patients — ≥50%. The patient with EF of 48% was not diagnosed with HF due to the absence of HF signs and symptoms. The presence of HFpEF was confirmed in 31,4% of patients according to 2018 Russian criteria and 2021 ESC criteria (first version of the diagnosis), in 12,5% according to the 2016 ESC criteria, 11% according to ESC 2021 criteria (second version of the diagnosis) and in 2,2% on the H2FPEF score. The proportion of HF diagnosed for the first time according to the 2016 ESC criteria was 78% of the total number of HF cases.

Conclusion. Among the examined patients 12 months after hospital treatment for COVID-19, there were no cases of HFrEF and HFmrEF. The proportion of HFpEF cases, depending on the diagnostic criteria used, varied significantly from 2,2 to 31,4%. The previously established diagnosis of HF was confirmed in 83% of cases at a visit 12 months after discharge from the hospital. Using the 2016 ESC criteria and the corresponding 2020 Russian Society of Cardiology guidelines, the proportion of newly diagnosed HF was 78% of all patients.
Predictors of thrombosis of left atrium and its appendage before catheter ablation or cardioversion in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter
Authors: Zaigraev I. A. , Yavelov I. S. , Drapkina O. M. , Bazaeva E. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To determine the incidence of left atrial (LA) and/or LA appendage (LAA) thrombosis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) (NAF) or atrial flutter (AFL) on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before elective catheter ablation (CA) or cardioversion (CV) and characterize the predictors of LA/LAA thrombosis among the indicators available in the routine practice of cardiologists and general practitioners.

Material and methods. In this retrospective, single-center, casecontrol study, the medical records of 1994 patients with NAF or AFL for the period 2014-2019, who underwent TEE before CA or elective CV, were analyzed. A thrombus in the LA/LAA was detected in 33 (1,6%) of them. For the comparison group, 167 patients were randomly selected without LA/LAA thrombosis. Demographic, anamnestic and clinical parameters, transthoracic echocardiography data, and laboratory results were analyzed as potential predictors of LA/LAA thrombosis.

Results. Patients with LA/LAA thrombosis were older (mean age, 64,8±1,6 vs 59,4±10,8 (p=0,01), more often had persistent or longstanding persistent AF, hypertension, heart failure, enlarged LA, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate, as well as more severe symptoms according to the modified European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) score and a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (median, 4,0 vs 2,0; p=0,0001). Oral anticoagulants were taken by 88% of patients; there were no significant differences in the presence and composition of anticoagulant therapy between the groups. Functional class (FC) according to the modified EHRA score (odds ratio (OR), 5,4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,9814,96; p=0,001) and LVEF were independent predictors of LA/LAA thrombosis (OR, 0,87; 95% CI: 0,80-0,95; p=0,002). For EHRA class 3-4, the OR was 5,1; 95% CI: 2,3-11,4 (p<0,0001), for LVEF <48% — 7,4; 95% CI: 1,2-46,7 (p=0,03). For EHRA class 3-4, the sensitivity for LA/LAA thrombosis was 93,7%, specificity — 71,9%, positive predictive value — 50,0%, negative predictive value — 87,6%; for LVEF <48% — 66,7, 32,3, 31,9 and 91,6%, respectively.

Conclusion. In the studied group of patients with NAF or AFL, without severe structural heart disease and severe concomitant diseases, most of whom received oral anticoagulants, LA/LAA thrombosis at TEE before elective CA or CV was detected in 1,6% of cases. Among the indicators available in routine medical practice, the severity of arrhythmia symptoms, assessed by the modified EHRA score, and lower LVEF were independent predictors of LA/LAA thrombosis.
Application of the program for artificial intelligence analytics of paper text and segmentation by specified parameters in clinical practice
Authors: Komkov A. A. , Mazaev V. P. , Ryazanova S. V. , Kobak A. A. , Bazaeva E. V. , Samochatov D. N. , Koshkina E. V. , Bushueva Е. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2023

The development of novel technologies using elements of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is addressed to practical clinical implementation and provision of key issues, including improvement in the use of routine clinical data, aimed at practical relevance, standardization, confidentiality and patient safety.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the RuPatient electronic heart record (EHR) system in real clinical practice for extracting and structuring medical data.

Material and methods. Extraction and recognition of data using EHR from various following sources: outpatient records, statements, routine medical reports, epicrisis and other structured and unstructured medical information based on the developed technology of intelligent text analytics, optical character recognition, for specified words and phrases, and the use of machine learning elements. A particular criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of EHR is the time spent on filling out electronic medical records compared to real clinical practice.

Results. The time of entering and processing information by the recognition system of medical documentation included in the RuPatient EHR was shorter than in standard practice (20,3±1,4 minutes, 25,1±1,5 minutes, respectively, p<0,001), the average time of recognition of documents was 30±4,3 seconds. During the ROC analysis, we determined that the threshold value that allows high accuracy to recognize images of discharge epicrisis using the RuPatient system was 83,5% with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0,76.

Conclusions. The developed RuPatient EHR has a medical documentation recognition module for creating structured data based on AI technology elements and can be used in creating an electronic medical history and accumulation of structured data for the implementation of tasks for the practical and scientific use of big data and AI projects in medicine. When using the RuPatient system, the burden on medical staff during document management can be reduced and access to primary medical information simplified.
Influence of catheter-based renal denervation on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with diabetes and hypertension
Authors: Feshchenko D. A. , Rudenko B. A. , Shukurov F. B. , Vasiliev D. K. , Mamedov M. N. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To study the effect of catheter-based sympathetic renal denervation (RDN) by radiofrequency ablation on glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension.

Material and methods. Sixty patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the RDN group and the control group. Radiofrequency ablation was performed through the femoral access using a Symplicity Spyral™ renal denervation system (Medtronic, USA).

Results. The technical success was 100%. There were no any complications. During the follow-up period, patients in the RDN group showed a significant decrease in the average level of glycated hemoglobin — from 7,9  (6,83-8,35) to 6,85 (6,12-7,10)%  (p<0,001) and basal glycemia — from 9,5 (7,17-10,28) to 7,55 (6,43-8,95) mmol/l (p<0,001) with no significant changes in the control group. Changes in glucose levels and the degree of insulin resistance correlated with a decrease in office systolic blood pressure (r=0,36, p=0,005). After 6-month follow-up period in the RDN group, along with a significant decrease in the HOMA-IR by 1,92 (p<0,001), the average high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level also significantly increased by 0,17 mmol/l (p<0,001), and mean triglyceride level decreased by -0,55 mmol/l (p<0,001).

Conclusion. The study results confirm the hypothesis of pleiotropic effects of RDN in patients with comorbid pathology associated with central sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia).
RBM20 nucleotide sequence variant in a family with a dilated phenotype of left ventricular non-compaction
Authors: Kulikova O. V. , Myasnikov R. P. , Meshkov A. N. , Mershina E. A. , Kiseleva A. V. , Sotnikova E. A. , Kudryavtseva M. M. , Kharlap M. S. , Divashuk M. G. , Zharikova A. A. , Angarsky R. K. , Koretsky S. N. , Filatova D. А. , Sinitsyn V. E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To demonstrate two generations of a family with a progressive course of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) and the presence of a RBM20 gene variant.

Material and methods. Based on the multicenter registry of patients with LVNC, a family with LVNC with a dilated phenotype was selected at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. Next generation sequencing was performed on a Nextseq 550 systen (Illumina, USA). For clinical interpretation, nucleotide sequence variants in the genes associated with LVNC development were selected according to the available literature data, with frequencies <0,5% in the gnomAD database. The identified variants were verified using Sanger sequencing on an Applied Biosystem 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).

Results. The article presents the results of clinical, paraclinical and molecular genetic studies of two generations of a family diagnosed with LVNC with a dilated phenotype and the progression of isolated LVNC to a dilated type. As a result of a molecular genetic study, all family members with the LVNC were found to have a likely pathogenic variant in the RBM20 NP_001127835.2:p.Pro638Leu (rs267607003) gene. RBM20 is a key splicing regulator that controls the processing of several important transcripts predominantly expressed in striated muscle, especially cardiac tissue. RBM20 gene variants can lead to disruption of splicing at several points and, as a result, to cardiomyopathy progression. Most known pathogenic RBM20 variants are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy; however, a number of studies have found RBM20 gene variants in patients with LVNC. The segregation of nucleotide sequence variant with symptoms in two generations testifies in favor of the association of the detected variant with LVNC development.

Conclusion. Currently, the boundaries of the cardiomyopathy genetics are expanding. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic RBM20 gene variants are associated primarily with a dilated phenotype and a high risk of sudden cardiac death. The article presents the results of a survey of two generations of a family with LVNC and progressive myocardial remodeling.