bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Trichoderma sp. on Fusarium Wilt Disease Infection in Banana Plants in Were III Village, Golewa Selatan Sub-District, Ngada District
Authors: Lea Victoria Coo , Noywuli Nicolaus , Goda Karina Dhena , Mite Agnes L. , Limbu Umbu N.
Published: January 2025

The Ngada Regency area is one of the producers of kapok bananas on Flores Island. However, there has been a decline in kapok banana production due to the attack of blood disease and fusarium wilt. Therefore, it is necessary to address this issue. Determining the effects of applying the biological agent Trichoderma sp. to control fusarium wilt disease in banana plants, comparing the effects of different banana varieties planted on farmer fields infected with the disease, and identifying banana varieties that can interact with the mixed biological agent Trichoderma sp. and organic materials to suppress fusarium wilt disease are the objectives of this study. This study used a factorial pattern Randomized Group Design (RAK) consisting of two factors, namely: Banana type factor (J) consists of 4 levels and the application of Trichoderma sp mixture (D) consists of 4 levels, namely the Banana Type factor (J), consists of 4 levels, namely: J1 = King Banana, J2 = Ambon Banana, J3 = Barangan Banana and J4 = Kepok Banana. A combination of Trichoderma sp and manure application (D) is the second element. There are four levels of this combination: D0 (no Trichoderma sp), D1 (200 gr in 4 kg of manure), D2 (200 gr in 8 kg of manure), and D3 (200 gr in 12 kg of manure). The findings demonstrated that the rate of Fusarium oxysporum wilt infection was significantly influenced by banana species. Compared to plantains and banana kepok, banana barangan and banana ambon are more resilient to the rate of infection with Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum). The combination dose of Trichoderma Sp with manure has a very significant effect on the intensity of Fusarium wilt disease attack (Fusarium oxysporum) and the combination of Trichoderma sp 200 grams with 4 kg of organic fertilizer is better than the other 3 doses.
Modified Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Rotational Flap in The Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Idris Irma Suryani , Anwar Anis Irawan , Purnamasari A. Bida
Published: January 2025

A malignant tumor that starts in the basal layer of the epidermis is called basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The most prevalent type of skin cancer, BCC, usually appears on the face of middle-aged or older individuals. They originate from the epidermis' basal keratinocytes, are locally invasive, and hardly ever spread. One of cases BCC was reported in a 43 years old man at dermato-venereology department hospital in Makassar. Diagnosis was established based on history taking, clinical features, histopathology examination through Modified Mohs Micrographic Surgery Technique (MMS). The management for this patient was rotation flap technique and gave a good improvement.
Basal Cell Carcinoma in Elderly Women
Authors: Idris Irma Suryani
Published: January 2025

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), previously referred to as basal cell epithelioma, this is the most prevalent cancer in people. Rarely can BCC form on mucosal membranes or on the palms and soles; it usually appears on sun-damaged skin. Metastasis is uncommon in basal cell carcinoma, which typically grows slowly. BCC is rarely lethal, but when therapy is insufficient or delayed, it can be extremely damaging and damage local tissue. BCC typically manifests clinically as a pink or flesh-colored pearly papule with telangiectatic or ulcerated arteries. Although it can also affect the limbs, BCC usually affects the head or face. Case report: A 70-year-old woman came to the dermatovenerology polyclinic in Makassar city with complaints of a lump on her nose that had been getting bigger and sometimes bleeding. The size of the tumor lesion was about 1.5 cm, excision of the lesion was performed under local anesthesia considering that there was impaired lung function from the chest X-ray. Follow-up 5 days before wound closure while waiting for the biopsy results, bleeding was minimal and the biopsy results showed pigmented basal cell carcinoma with tumor-free edges. Closure of excision wound with simple suture showed good suture viability, without signs of tissue necrosis or infection at the previous lesion site. Treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is highly dependent on the anatomical location and histologic characteristics of the lesion. Excision was performed due to its high-risk location on the face.
Bibliometric Analysis of Rimbang (Solanum torvum) on Eye Health
Authors: Syaifullah Annisa , Yuniarti Elsa , Violita Violita
Published: January 2025

Solanum torvum or takokak is one of the indigenous medicinal plants in Indonesia. Solanum torvum is part of the Solanaceae family or eggplant tribe. This plant contains carotenoids which have benefits for eye health. This study aims to analyze the scope of research on Solanum torvum on eye health. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method that refers to the literature (literature review) with the Scopus website. The data used for this study are articles in the 2015-2023 time span, totaling 263 articles. Data collection uses the keyword TITLE-ABS-KEY (solanum OR solanaceae OR eggplant AND eye OR vision). The application used for analysis is VOSviewer. The analysis used is co-occurance keyword analysis. In the network visualization, the most article publications in 2023 were 45 article publications. In the overlay visualization there is a large circle with cluster 1 there are keywords, adult, female, aged, and eye disease. In the density visualization there is the brightest color with the keywords female, adult, male, and human.
Popolation Structure of Seagrass Species and Environmental Conditions in The Gerupuk Beach Area, Central Lombok
Authors: Firanza Yozi Mazri , Syukur Abdul , Mertha I Gde
Published: January 2025

Population structure is a description of conditions in a habitat. Population status in habitats can be categorized into 3 parts, including crisis, threatened and safe. The aim of this research is to analyze the population structure of seagrass species and environmental conditions in the Gerupuk Beach area, Central Lombok. Data collection used the line transect method with a square measuring 1m x 1m. The sampling technique uses a systematic random sampling method. The research results identified 4 species and 3 families. The family includes Potamogetonaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, and Cymodoceaceae. Species in the family, namely Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila avails, and Enhalus acoroides. Environmental conditions in the Gerupuk Beach area, such as temperature, salinity, and pH, are within the range that supports seagrass growth. Temperatures range between 28-30˚C and salinity 25-35‰, in accordance with optimal seawater standards for seagrass ecosystems.
The Potential of Active Compounds in Traditional Herbal Plants from Lombok for Their Use in Dyslipidemia
Authors: Christian Steven , Abdiman I Made Tobias , Amaliya Annisa Risqi , Shofa Dhiya Atsila , Balqis Ananda Amirah , Sesariana Mayumi Agestia , Ayunda Rahmah Dara
Published: January 2025

Dyslipidemia is a condition characterized by abnormal lipid levels in the blood, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. This condition can lead to complications such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of herbal plants from the Sasak tribe, as recorded in Lontar Usada, for managing dyslipidemia. Lontar Usada documents various medicinal plants that are traditionally used by the Sasak people, making it essential to investigate their active compounds and how they influence lipid profiles. This research employs a qualitative approach, focusing on a literature review and analysis of the plants mentioned in Lontar Usada, followed by a biochemical evaluation of their active compounds and mechanisms in regulating lipid metabolism. The findings reveal that several plants listed in Lontar Usada contain bioactive compounds with potential lipid-lowering effects, supporting their traditional use in managing dyslipidemia. In conclusion, the study confirms that the plants from Lontar Usada could offer a natural alternative for dyslipidemia management, aligning with the high cultural acceptance and availability of these plants within the Sasak community.
Relationship between Gastropod Abundance and Total Organic Material (BOT) Sediments in Mangrove Habitats in Gambesi Village, South Ternate District, Ternate City
Authors: Sembel S. Nurul K. , Sabar Mesrawaty , Benua Rusmawati La , Subur Riyadi , Fabanjo Mohammad Abjan , Samman Ardan
Published: January 2025

In the mangrove ecosystem there are many gastropods which are one of the biological resources. As a habitat, Gastropods have high diversity and occupy the mangrove ecosystem. Organic detritus gets food supply through mangrove forests and makes an important contribution as the main source of food for biota living in the surrounding waters. The purpose of the study was to determine the diversity and abundance of gastropods, determine the concentration of total organic matter (BOT), analyze the relationship between the abundance of gastropods and total organic matter (BOT) in the sediment in the mangrove habitat and determine the condition of water quality at the research location of the coastal mangrove habitat of Gambesi Village. This study uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Sampling of gastropods was carried out using a block area measuring 20 x 20 m², which was carried out at low tide. The data analysis methods used were gastropod abundance, diversity index, organic matter content, simple linear regression. The results of the analysis of the highest gastropod abundance were at station 2 for the Terebralia sulcata species of 48 individuals and the lowest were at station 1 for the Nerita polita species of 3 individuals. The diversity index of station 1 is H’= 1.80 and station 2 is H’= 1.83, included in the medium diversity category. Station 1 sediment organic matter content is 34.20% in the high category and station 2 is 49.50% in the very high category. According to the simple regression test value, the correlation coefficient value ranges from around 0.8 <r ≤ 1.0 which proves that the abundance of gastropods has a large correlation with the organic matter content in the sediment.
Study of Daily Behavior and Home Range of Long-Tailed Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in The Use Zone of Satonda Island, Moyo Satonda National Park
Authors: Gefire Baiq Dean , Hadi Islamul , Syaputra Maiser
Published: January 2025

The long-tailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is a type of social primate which in its life is never separated from social interaction or living with others. Social interactions carried out by long-tailed monkeys give rise to various activities between individuals in the population. Environmental conditions influence the behavior of long-tailed monkeys. In their natural habitat, long-tailed monkeys behave as they should, but in disturbed habitats the behavior of long-tailed monkeys can change. This research aims to determine the daily behavior and home range of long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). The methods used are the scan sampling method to determine daily behavior and the minimum convex polygon method to determine the home range of long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Daily behavior has varying percentage values ​​with interaction behavior having the highest percentage value, namely 22%, agonistic behavior at 12%, self-care behavior at 12%, movement behavior at 21%, eating behavior at 16%, resting behavior at 15%, and sexual behavior has the lowest value, namely 2%. The home range of the long-tailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis) has an area of 31 ha, the average daily range is 408 meters, the territory area is 1.5 ha, the core area is 0.6 ha, the maximum radius is 802 meters, and night position shift of 45.8 meters.
Mapping Local Food in Addressing Food Insecurity by Farming Communities in Wolomeze District, Ngada Regency
Authors: Limbu Nataniel Umbu , Mau Maria Clara , Dipu Fransiskus , Bao Antonia P.
Published: January 2025

Wolomeze District has abundant agricultural potential and located in a flat area. This potential includes the availability of agricultural land, the presence of plantation sectors, horticulture, and food crop agriculture, agricultural human resources, and the existence of active farmer groups. The aim of this research is to understand the local food sources in Wolomeze District regarding the types of plant varieties, cultivation techniques, methods of obtaining them during the harvest season and their availability in nature, as well as storage and processing methods, and effective strategies for promoting local food as part of the national food security and sovereignty strategy. This research’s method is a survey method utilizing the KoBoCollect application and QGIS through location determination, observation, interviews, and data analysis. The research results show that there are 18 local food species, namely Uwi, Uwi Gembolo, Uwi Gembili, Uwi Kuning Kulit Cokelat, Ubi Gadung, Porang, Balang, Sorgum, Jewawut, Ganyong, Cassava, Sweet Potato, Taro, Corn, Rice, Red Beans, Gude Beans, and Jali-Jali. Some local foods have different planting and harvesting seasons. The cultivation system of local food consists of gardens, plantations, and forests, with processing methods that remain traditional, such as boiling, roasting, steaming, and frying, or being made into traditional cakes. However, there have been no efforts made by the community and local government to make local food a strategy for national food security and sovereignty. Cultural rituals play a significant role in preserving the existence of local food for uses it as ingredients in rituals.
Antioxidant Activity Testing of Fractions Resulting from Gravity Column Chromatography of Methanol Extract of Kepundung Leaves (Baccaurea racemosa) Using The DPPH Method
Authors: Istiqamah Juhratul , Permatasari Lina , Hanifa Nisa Isneni
Published: January 2025

Free radicals are compounds that can cause various diseases and can be inhibited with antioxidant compounds. One of the antioxidant compounds that can be obtained from natural sources is the kepundung plant (Baccaurea racemosa). This research aims to determine the fraction that contains flavonoid compounds and determine the percent inhibition of the fraction resulting from gravity column chromatography from the methanol extract of kepundung leaves (Baccaurea racemosa) using the DPPH method. Extraction used the sonication method and continued with fractionation using gravity column chromatography. A UV-VIS spectrophotometer was then used to measure the antiradical activity and perform a qualitative flavonoid and antioxidant test using TLC. The study's findings demonstrated that the yield of a 96% methanol extract of kepundung leaves was 17%, and that there were 15 sets of fractions produced by gravity column chromatography. Positive results for flavonoids and antioxidants were shown by fractions B, G, H, K, L, and N. The fraction with the highest antiradical activity was fraction L with a % inhibition value of 79,94%.
Marine Organisms with Anti-Amyloid Effect Through Their Role as BACE1 Inhibitors for Preventive Effort in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review
Authors: Putra Made Raditya Arhya , Saputri Legis Ocktaviana , Wicaksono Teguh Budi , Nugraha Kadek Nandita , Putri Ajeng Ayu , Salsabila Rika Kamila , Fidelia Puspa Zalika
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative condition characterized by the build-up of beta-amyloid proteins, resulting in a decline in cognitive abilities. β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) is known to play a role in the formation of beta-amyloid plaques. Thus, theoretically, inhibiting BACE1 can potentially prevent and slow down the accumulation of these plaques. This study is a literature review that compiles data from various research examining the inhibitory effects of compounds from marine organisms on the BACE1 enzyme. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the available literature to evaluate the potential of these compounds.  19 marine organisms and 40 compounds were identified with low IC50 values, five compounds with notably low IC50 values were identified: (1) 8,8’-Bieckol [1.62 µM] from Ecklonia cava, (2) Phlorofucofuroeckol A [2.13 µM] and (3a) Dieckol [2.21 µM] from Eisenia bicyclis, (4) bis-(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether [2.32 µM] from Symphyocladia latiuscula, (3b) another Dieckol [2.34 µM] also from Ecklonia cava and (5) Heparan sulfate [2.89 µM] from Portunus pelagicus. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of marine compounds as BACE1 inhibitors for AD. However, further research is needed to explore their bioavailability and clinical efficacy for practical application in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s Disease.
Analysis of Community Structure in Essential Ecosystem Zones
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Firmansyah , Idris Muhammad Husni , Anwar Hairil
Published: January 2025

Mangrove forest plant communities living in coastal areas have a significant influence on people’s lives ecologically  and economically. As well as cultivating fisheries commodities and protecting coastal areas from abrasion and stroms, mangrove areas also play an important role in climat change issues. Due to their importance, some water and wetland areas with high conservation value are designated as Essential Ecosystem Areas. Lembar and Sekotong Bay is one of them. This study aims to observe the condition of plant structure and composition in essential areas as well as the environmental conditions that support plant growth. To do this, indices of density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, dominance, and importance value index were taken from each mangrove species. This was done through vegetation analysis. The observation site consisted of six stations, each of which had 78 observation plot point. The results showed that there were seven mangrove species in the ecosystem area of importance: Rhizophora Apiculata, Rhizophora Stylosa, Rhizophora Mucronata, Bruguira Gymnorrhiza, Avicennia Marina, and Excoaria Agallocha. The highes species density and relative density were owned by Rhizophora Stylosa, and the lowest relative density was owned by Excoaria Agallocha. The Highest species frequency and relative frequency are own by Rhizophora Stylosa Overall, the condition of important mangrove area is still in the medium-dense category. Environmental factors such as temperature, saline, pH, and Humidity are very helpful for the growth of mangrove species.
Analyzing the Influence of Altitudinal Gradients on Clove Physiology and Yield in the Menoreh Highlands
Authors: Avianto Yovi , Pratama Ananta Bayu , Noviyanto Amir , Fauzi Firman Rahmat
Published: January 2025

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a significant industrial crop commodity in Indonesia whose yield and essential oil quality are influenced by altitude. Variations in altitude lead to differences in microclimatic conditions, which in turn affect plant physiological activities and productivity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of altitude on the physiological activity, yield, and essential oil content of clove plants. The research was conducted in the lower (345 m asl), middle (612 m asl), and upper (872 m asl) zones of the Menoreh Highlands from March to August 2022. Results indicated that altitude significantly influenced microclimatic conditions, thereby affecting the physiological status and yield of clove plants. The middle zone exhibited optimal physiological performance and flower yield, with a balanced rate of photosynthesis and transpiration. Higher proline levels in the lower and upper zones suggested temperature stress, which reduced photosynthetic rate and yield. Essential oil production and eugenol content were also influenced by altitude, with the middle zone yielding the highest oil volume, although eugenol content was higher in the upper zone. Correlation analysis revealed that temperature and relative humidity were the dominant factors determining clove yield and quality.
Description of The Level of Knowledge of Adolescents Related to Reproductive Health in Prevention of Child Marriage to Reduce Stunting Rates in The Mandalika Special Economic Zone
Authors: Hardyningrat Baiq Inna Dwi , Lina Nurbaiti  , Fitriannisa Faradina Zubaidi
Published: January 2025

Child marriage is the underlying cause of stunting, a condition in which children fail to grow to the expected adult height owing to persistent malnutrition. A couple or one of the participants in a child marriage must be under the age of 19. Knowledge related to reproductive health is everything that is known about health conditions in all matters relating to the reproductive system, its functions and processes. The study aims to determine the level of knowledge of 2nd grade high school students about reproductive health in preventing child marriage to reduce stunting rates in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. This study is descriptive with a cross-sectional method. The respondents of this study were 112 2nd grade high school/vocational high school students in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. The sample was taken using the simple random sampling method. Data analysis used univariate tests. The results showed that most respondents had a high level of knowledge about the reproductive system, sexual activity and sexually transmitted diseases, child marriage and its impacts, and stunting. The conclusion is that the level of adolescent knowledge about reproductive health in preventing child marriage to reduce stunting rates in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone is in the high category.
Efficacy of Some Essential Oils that Have The Potential as Vegetable Feromones in Heterogeneous Croping Using The Trap Method
Authors: Erfandari Ovy , Hamdani Hamdani , Wahyuningsih Eka
Published: January 2025

The use of pheromones as traps is often used to control various pest. Pheromones that are widely used today usually contain chemical ingredients which in the long term can certainly affect the environment and pest populations the. Pheromones made from essential oils are not widely used controlling pests. In order to formulate and apply the IPM concept it is necessary Testing the efficacy of several combinations of essential oils that have the potential to act as pheromones was carried out vegetable crops to implement pest control based on Integrated Pest Management (IPM). It is hoped that it will be possible to use pheromones derived from essential oils means in the process of controlling pests on plantation crops and commodities other plants and can also be integrated with pest control methods other integrated (PHT). This research was conducted using a randomized design complete (RAL) consisting of 6 (six) treatments which were repeated 3 times. Thus there are 18 (eighteen) experimental sample points. Treatment consists of use of vegetable pheromones derived from patchouli oil, cinnamon oil, oil nutmeg, clove oil, control (water) and combination (all treatments). Research data which was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by a Real Difference test The smallest (BNT) with a significance level of 5% shows that patchouli oil has potential as a vegetable pheromone because it can trap 85 insect/non-insect organisms insect. Based on the results of identifying trapped organisms, insects from the order Diptera were the most dominant in each treatment.
Hormonal Contraception as a Meningioma Risk Factor: a Literature Review
Authors: Amaliya Annisa Risqi , Herpan Syafii Harahap  , Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi
Published: January 2025

Hormonal contraception is the most widely used contraceptive method in Indonesia, this is one of the risk factors for meningioma. Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor. Risk factors for meningioma include a history of trauma, genetic history, hormonal exposure, history of menarche. in this study, the focus is on discussing literature on hormonal contraceptive exposure. This paper is a literature review. The method used in this literature review is to search and review various literature sourced from online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Proquest.  The keywords used in the literature search process include “hormonal”, “contraception”, “progesterone” “meningioma”. The use of hormonal contraceptives has been shown to increase the risk of meningioma, which is attributed to the progesterone receptors present in the normal meningens and the presence of the same progesterone receptors in meningiomas. The results of older studies have different results from recent studies, these inconsistencies may be associated with other variables such as duration, dose, and consistency in use, differences in the type of contraceptive use, current or previous use and other risk factors, further research needs to examine these variables and the underlying hormonal mechanisms to obtain more accurate results.
Productivity of Oil Palm in Palm Oil Mill Effluent, Empty Bunch and Non-Application Block Areas
Authors: Sihite Yudha Van Heidel , Jaya Galang Indra , Rochmiyati Sri Manu
Published: January 2025

Oil palm plants are commodities that are mostly processed to produce CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and PKO (Palm Kernel Oil), processing plants also produce waste (by product). The highest waste produced is liquid waste (POME) around 65% and empty palm bunches around 23%. In an effort to reduce environmental pollution, the company is committed to implementing zero waste by reusing palm oil mill waste as organic fertilizer. Research with the aim to determine the effect of the application of palm oil mill effluent, empty fruit bunches, and non-application (inorganic fertilizer) was conducted at the Sungai Rungau Estate (SRGE) plantation, PT Binasawit Abadi Pratama, East Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan, from November 2023 - April 2024. The research used a survey method to describe the research site and collect primary and secondary data, with each application consisting of 3 blocks. Production data and agronomic characters obtained were then analyzed using t test at 5% level. The results revealed that the application of POME resulted in higher agronomic and production characteristics than tankos. Oil palm production in blocks applied with POME and inorganic fertilizers showed values that were not significantly different and higher than tankos application blocks, and POME application showed productivity that tended to be stable every year.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity Assay of Ethanol Extract of Agelas cavernosa Sponge using Protein Denaturation Method
Authors: Walid Muhammad , Nila Oktaviani  , Julian Rixzal Aziz , Rohmah Salis Alyatur , Achada Dina , Dika Ika Vina , Mahfur Mahfur
Published: January 2025

Inflammation is a tissue response to cell damage, and alternative medicine is needed to treat this like a sponge. Indonesia is a country that has a lot of biodiversity originating from the sea. Agelas cavernosa is a sponge of the Demospongiae class, this class is the largest class that includes 90% of all types of sponges. Agelas Cavernosa sponge is known to contain triterpenoids and has antibacterial activity. Data on research on the activity of Agelas cavernosa sponge as an anti-inflammatory as far as researchers know has not been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of the Agelas cavernosa sponge. The research method was carried out using the protein denaturation method. The Agelas cavernosa sponge extracted with etanol 96%. The assay of anti-inflammatory with protein denaturation using spectrophotometry at wavelengths 660 nm. The results showed that the inhibition ability of 20% protein denaturation of ethanol extract of Agelas cavernosa was obtained at a concentration of 150 ppm. The results of the study showed that the IC50 of the ethanol extract obtained was 455.96 pppm, significantly different from the positive control of sodium diclofenac, which was 36.51 ppm. Based on the data obtained from the research results, it shows that the ethanol extract of Agelas cavernosa sponge does not have the potential as an anti-inflammatory.
Understanding Thyroid Carcinoma: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Kusumadewi Rima Cahyati , Rukmanggana Satya Pratiwi  , Artiani Tresna Imut Exhasna  , Gina Aulia Azizaturrahmah  , Sastrawan I Gede Pande Devin Agastya , Rosita Wenilia  , Syihabul Muttaqin  , Dita Supriantarini  , M. Arya Rifqi Ilham  , Walid Rivaldi Fatahillah  , Eva Triani
Published: January 2025

Thyroid carcinoma holds the 11th place in the incidence of new cancers, with a prevalence of 586,202 cases worldwide. The incidence of thyroid cancer in Indonesia reached 13,114 cases with 2,224 mortality in 2020. This literature review aims to provide information on thyroid cancer's clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management. We conducted a literature searching from books, literature reviews, case studies, and guidelines from professional organizations such as the AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) guideline. The initially noticed clinical manifestation of thyroid cancer is usually a painless lump or enlargement at the front-lower part of the neck. Diagnosis of thyroid cancer is done step-by-step from history taking, physical examination, laboratory testing of thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroglobulin, thyroid ultrasonography, and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Management of thyroid cancer include pharmacological management, surgery, or/and radiotherapy according to the type and stage of the thyroid cancer. Early diagnosis and therapy of thyroid cancer are expected to improve the prognosis of thyroid cancer.
Diagnosis and Management of Post Traumatic Epilepsy
Authors: Ramzi Ali , Hunaifi Ilsa
Published: January 2025

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death, particularly among children and young adults, and can result in serious complications such as post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). PTE develops after TBI and is characterized by recurrent seizures without external triggers, with the risk influenced by the location and severity of the injury. Therefore, the authors raise this topic to help improve diagnostic acuity and highlight the importance of laboratory modalities in diagnosing PTE. The literature search was conducted using Google Scholar with the keywords "Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, Biomarkers, Management, Diagnosis." Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 publications were identified as suitable for our literature review. Diagnostic tools such as CT scans, MRIs, and EEGs are essential for assessing risk. Although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can reduce early seizures, they are not effective for the long-term prevention of PTE. Long-term approaches, including lamotrigine, carbamazepine, and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), may be beneficial, but further research is needed to optimize treatment.
Mentawai Taro Corm Flour’s Benefits on Hyperglycemia and Pancreas Histopathology in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Aini Wardatul , Santoso Putra , Rahayu Resti
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the most severe health issues globally. This study aimed to determine the beneficial effects of Mentawai taro (Colocasia esculenta var. Mentawai) in managing hyperglycemia and attenuating inflammation in pancreatic ß-cells in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Twenty-one adult male mice were divided into three groups: healthy (non-DM), alloxan-induced DM, and DM mice fed with a diet containing 25% Mentawai taro flour. The treatments were administered for four consecutive weeks. Various parameters, including blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin tolerance, were assessed, alongside microscopic examination of pancreatic histology. The results demonstrated that supplementation with 25% Mentawai taro corm significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels (**P<0.01) and improved glucose tolerance (*P<0.05) and insulin tolerance (*P<0.05) compared to untreated diabetic mice. Mentawai taro corm also ameliorated pancreatic degeneration, as indicated by a larger islet of Langerhans area, a higher total cell number per islet, and a significantly lower number of degenerated cells in pancreatic tissue (**P<0.01). In conclusion, supplementing Mentawai taro corm at 25% in the diet could effectively help manage diabetic issues, including hyperglycemia and pancreatic degeneration.
Determination of Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Avocado Stem Bark (Persea americana Mill) Ethanol Extract in Inhibiting DPPH
Authors: Risnata Richa Poetri , Hidayati Agriana Rosmalina
Published: January 2025

Excessive free radicals in the body can trigger degenerative diseases. Therefore, antioxidant help is needed from outside the body to inhibit free radicals. Long-term use of synthetic antioxidants is limited because they can cause cancer. This encourages the development of natural antioxidants, one of which comes from avocado stem bark. Avocado stem bark contains flavonoids which act as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of avocado stem bark ethanol extract in inhibiting DPPH. Avocado stem bark was extracted using sonication followed by the identification of flavonoids using a tube test and thin layer chromatography test. Determination of total flavonoid content was carried out using the colorimetric method and antioxidant testing using the DPPH method. The results obtained were that the avocado stem bark was positive for containing flavonoids based on tube tests and thin layer chromatography. The results of determining the flavonoid content in the ethanol extract of avocado stem bark were 5.572 mgQE/g. The ethanol extract of avocado stem bark is a very strong antioxidant with an IC50 of 21.221 ppm. So it was concluded that avocado stem bark can be used as a natural antioxidant candidate.
Antibacterial Activity of Jotang Flower Infusion (Acmella paniculata) against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Skania Pratiwi Cahya , Kholifah Eva , Agustin Siti
Published: January 2025

Among its various uses, the plant Jotang (Acmella paniculata), which is a member of the Asteraceae family, possesses antibacterial and anti-infective properties in its floral section. The majority of diseases are caused by the Streptococcus aureus bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of jotang flower infusion against Streptococcus mutans at doses of 75%, 50%, and 25%. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion method, with chloramphenicol acting as a positive control. At 25%, 50%, and 75% dosages, the average inhibition zone diameter in the jotang inhibition test was 5.00 mm, 6.00 mm, and 6.06 mm, respectively. Chloramphenicol, the positive control, had a measurement of 9.96 mm. According to the study's results, jotang flower infusion has a somewhat effective antibacterial effect on Streptococcus aureus.
Formulation and Effectiveness Test of Liquid Soap from Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata (L.) Leaves Ethanol Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Diana Vivi Eulis , Abadi Hafizhatul , Andry Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Chromolaena odorata (L.) is one of the plants known as weeds. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides are active chemicals found in Siam weed leaves. The study aimed to see if an ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves can be made into liquid soap and has antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus germs. The liquid soap of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf ethanol extract at concentrations of 3%, 6%, and 9% was carried out experimentally in the laboratory, along with physical liquid soap evaluation tests such as organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, foam height test, specific gravity test, test irritation, and hedonic test. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were then tested. The assessment test criteria were met by making liquid soap preparations of ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves  at concentrations of 3%, 6%, and 9%. The color of the solid soap was brown - dark brown, and the texture was liquid with a lemon scent; the homogeneity test showed that all preparations were homogeneous; the pH test of the soap was 9.1 -9.7; the foam height test was 53-66 mm; the specific gravity test was 1-1.01 g/ml; and the irritation test revealed that all preparations had no reaction to redness, itching, and swelling on the skin. The hedonic test on skin revealed that all preparations obtained favorable evaluations from the panelists. The antibacterial activity of liquid soap against Staphylococcus aureus germs was F1 3.65 mm, F2 5.75mm, and F3 6.5mm. Based on the results of the Staphylococcus aureus test, it could be concluded that in the formula F1 (3% concentration), F2 (6% concentration) and F3 (9% concentration) had an inhibition zone.
Development of Conventional Tablets from Herbal Extracts of Jati Belanda, Kumis Kucing, Meniran, Sirih, and Turmeric for Body Weight Reduction
Authors: Tampubolon Stephanie Angelica Rinjani , Suwitono Marvel Reuben , Sulastri Titin
Published: January 2025

Health problems that occur today are diverse and varied, one of which is being overweight. This study focuses on the formulation of herbal extracts in conventional tablet preparations using Jati Belanda, Kumis Kucing, Meniran, Sirih, and Kunyit which have the potential as weight loss agents. Extraction is carried out using the maceration method, then the extract is made into conventional tablets with additional ingredients: magnesium stearate, talc, PVP, Avicel pH 102, and aerosil. Evaluation of physical properties such as uniformity of size, uniformity of weight, hardness, and disintegration time has been carried out. The results of the study showed that conventional tablet preparations from various spices with 3 different formulations were successful. However, the results of the tablet hardness test have not met existing standards. The danger is the lack of PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) excipients in the granules which cause the tablets to become brittle. To improve the formulation, the addition of the moisturizing agent can be done.
Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Exon 5 of the Prolactin Gene in Native Chickens
Authors: Rozi Tapaul , Maskur Maskur , Jan Rahma , Kasip Lalu Muhammad , Muhsinin Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The prolactin gene (PRL) in chickens is one of the genes that regulates broodiness and egg production in laying hens. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is a form of single nucleotide variation in the DNA base sequence at specific locations in the genome that can influence differences in quantitative traits in livestock. This study aimed to identify SNPs in the prolactin gene of native chickens. The research methods included DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and DNA sequence analysis for genotype determination of individuals. The results revealed four mutation points at positions g.8052 bp T>C, g.7886 T>A, g.7823 A>G, and g.8069 T>C. All mutation points in exon 5 were substitution mutations. Statistical analysis showed that all loci were polymorphic and the population was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
THE EFFECT OF BAIT TYPE ON BOTTOM LONGLINE FISHING CATCH IN EKAS BAY
Authors: Samsul Rizal Lalu , Permadi Bohari Rian , Wangsajati Sukmaring Kalih Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar
Published: January 2025

Rawai dasar dioperasikan dengan menggunakan jenis umpan yang berbeda di Desa Batu Nampar Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap pengaruh perbedaan jenis umpan rawai dasar terhadap hasil tangkapan dan keuntungan ekonomis yang diperoleh nelayan di Teluk Ekas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei eksperimental, dengan membandingkan hasil dari 3 jenis umpan berbeda secara in-situ. Analisis Uji-T atau t-test digunakan untuk membuktikan adanya perbedaan umpan hasil tangkapan. Analisis R/C ratio digunakan menghitung keuntungan ekonomis hasil tangkapan rawai dasar. Total hasil tangkapan sebanyak 185 ekor dengan berat 42,8 kg. Hasil analisis T-test diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,924 atau nilai signifikan > 0,05, sehingga hipotesis (H0) diterima. Artinya pebedaan jenis umpan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap hasil tangkapan rawai dasar di Teluk Ekas. Hasil analisis R/C ratio dari penggunaan 3 jenis umpan yaitu, umpan ikan teri (Stolephorus indicus) 8,6; umpan cumi-cumi (Loligo sp) 9,5; umpan kombinasi ikan teri (S. indicus) dan cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) 8,84. Dapat disimpulkan ketiga jenis umpan menguntungkan dan layak dilanjutkan
O IMPACTO DA SÍNDROME DE EHLERS-DANLOS NA VIDA DA MULHER
Authors: GROSSI LUIZA MARQUES , SILVA FERNANDA NOGUEIRA , LIMA KARLA KAREN MORAES DE , NOGUEIRA PAULA JÚLIA LEITE
Published: January 2025

A síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos (SED) faz parte de um grupo heterogêneo de desordem hereditária do tecido
conjuntivo. Essa patologia é decorrente de mutações genéticas autossômicas que ocasionam modificações no colágeno,
o qual está distribuído em diversas regiões do corpo tais como vasos, ligamentos, tendões. Objetivo: apresentar a
Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos e suas repercussões na vida da mulher. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do
tipo revisão de literatura, realizado através de buscas nas plataformas PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online
(SciELO) e UpTodate, utilizandos os descritores: “Ehler Danlos” e “Women”. Os critérios de inclusão dessa pesquisa
foram: artigos no idioma inglês, texto completo, data de publicação não superior a 20 anos e espécies humanas. Os
critérios de exclusão foram: artigos duplicados, disponibilizados na forma de resumo, que não abordavam diretamente
a proposta estudada e que não atendiam aos demais critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Conforme os dados estudados
percebe-se que a frequência geral da SED é determinada por 1 (um) caso a cada 5.000 a 20.000 indivíduos, sendo
variável conforme o tipo genético e o sexo, uma vez que o feminino é mais comumente afetado pela doença em estudo.
A prevalência na forma clássica foi estimada em 1 (um) a cada 20.000, podendo apresentar valor maior, dado que muitos
indivíduos que apresentam a forma leve não são diagnosticados. Na forma hipermóvel, a frequência é controversa,
sendo abordada por alguns autores como menos de 1 a cada 5.000. Por fim, o tipo vascular apresenta estimativas de
pelo menos 1 caso a cada 100.00, responsável por 4% de todos os casos da síndrome estudada. Considerações Finais:
Percebe-se que a SED prevalece em mulheres, e é responsável por diversas manifestações ginecológicas e obstétricas
que modificam a qualidade de vida do sexo estudado. Além disso, as manifestações clínicas diferem, sobretudo,
conforme o tipo clínico da doença, sendo a manifestação vascular com maiores repercussões ginecológicas,
principalmente, no ciclo menstrual.
O bem e o mal em Paul Ricoeur: da ontologia à práxis
Authors: SILVA FABIO FERNANDES DOS SANTOS E
Published: January 2025

O filósofo Paul Ricoeur foi um dos grandes pensadores franceses do pós-guerra. Deixou grandes e fundamentais obras. Dentre suas temáticas, o problema do Mal ganhou destaque, e como consequência a ques
La emersión de los campesinos en la escuela rural chiapaneca, 1923-1931
Authors: Camacho Chacón Ana Karla
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de analizar el paso del “problema educativo rural” al “problema educativo campesino”, la delimitación de causas y las resoluciones que las autoridades de la Secretaría de Educación Pública –SEP– y de la entidad chiapaneca presentaron para hacerle frente. Apoyándose en tendencias pedagógicas como la “Escuela nueva” y la “Escuela de la acción”, considero que desde mediados de la década de 1920 los dirigentes federales y estatales fueron conformando concepciones sobre los “campesinos” e “indígenas” y construyeron discursos pedagógicos para justificar los medios de asimilación por medio de la escuela rural. Con base en la documentación consultada en el Archivo Histórico de la Secretaría de Educación Pública y el Archivo Histórico del Estado de Chiapas, señalo que la conceptualización del campesino partió precisamente del problema de la “educación” y del otro (Palacios, 1999, pp. 34-35) y se expuso como un cúmulo de mentalidades colectivas que había que alterar, modificar y modernizar a través de la escuela rural.
Procesos de formación integral en una Escuela Normal Rural femenil. La construcción de identidades individuales y colectivas
Authors: Marmolejo Sandoval Danae
Published: January 2025

Este artículo tiene como objetivo acercarse a los procesos formativos integrales por los que transitan las estudiantes de la Escuela Normal Rural de Cañada Honda, Aguascalientes. Las normalistas se encuentran dentro una escuela con internado, por lo que su vida cotidiana se ve transformada radicalmente. En conjunto tratamos de analizar qué tipo de relación existe con respecto a su formación educativa y reflexionamos en torno a su identidad individual, la cual transita y contribuye, en común, a construir una identidad colectiva. Por ello se vuelve necesario analizar los conflictos, afirmaciones y distintos procesos que terminan por concluir en una identificación como estudiantes normalistas mujeres. Este proceso lo analizo desde las propuestas de Eduardo Restrepo (2012) y Peter Wade (2002), a partir de la cual identificamos varias esferas para construir procesos identitarios que terminan por constituir su pensamiento y práctica, que son: la identidad individual, el sujeto sexuado, “engenerado” y nacionalizado, que en este caso se refiere a la cuestión migratoria nacional. El proceso histórico que atañe a las normalistas rurales se contempla dentro de una resistencia por la que atraviesan otros procesos políticos. Se suma a esta consideración diacrónica una labor pedagógica específica, que en conjunto son de suma relevancia para su formación integral y la conformación de su identidad de maestras normalistas. El estudio es producto de una investigación etnográfica y documental. Las entrevistas y el trabajo de campo fueron realizadas entre septiembre-noviembre del 2018 y en febrero del 2019.