bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative clinical evaluation of Sirodhara with Sukhosnajala, Tila Tailam and Brahmi Tailam in the management of mild to moderate essential hypertension
Authors: M Bhargavi , PN Shilpa , Chaithanya K.
Published: July 2018

In worldwide 25% of population is suffering with Hypertension. As it is an instrumental disease, asymptomatic in nature, it was named as Silent killer. The causative factors of Essential hypertension were Genetic predisposition and environmental factors but these factors are triggered by stress hence it comes under stress related psycho-somatic disorder. In Hypertensive patients, Decrease in 5mm of Hg in SBP and DBP results in decrease in cardiovascular risk, stroke which decreases mortality rate worldwide. The management aspect of modern medical science remains symptomatic with troublesome side effects. The Joint National Committee (JNC 8) guideline advise higher blood pressure goals, less use of several types of antihypertensive medications and suggests lifestyle modification and relaxation are the best initial therapy. In Ayurveda, Shirodhara is one of the panchakarma therapy meant for relaxation and stress reducing procedure mentioned in Dharakalpaas a preventive and curative treatment for many stress related disorders. So, Present study is planned as “A Comparative clinical evaluation of Shirodhara with Sukhos̩n̩ajala, Tila tailam and Brahmitailamin the management of mild to moderate essential hypertension”was selected. This paper is going to describe about conclusion drawn from the study i.e. effect of three types of dhara on Objective parameters SBP, DBP, PP, and MAP.
Clinical Study to evaluate the concept of Samanyam Vriddhi Karanam with reference to Jeevanti in Stanya Kshaya
Authors: Biradar Pushpa A. , Baragi Umapati C. , Timmapur Gangadhar
Published: July 2018

Breast milk is the best nutrition a mother can give to her child. Feeding the child is the most fulfilling and gratifying experience for a mother. The child should be breastfed exclusively for first six months after birth. But when amount of breast milk decreases or is inadequate, it becomes very worrying. Ayurveda describes decreased breast milk as ‘Stanya Kshaya’. Adequate lactation is being defined as secretion of 300 ml daily by 5th day and 480 ml by 10th day, if this amount are not achieved, a baby of normal weight will not be adequately fed and such a situation is termed clinically as ‘Agalactia’ or ‘Agalactorrhoea’. In Asian and tropical countries like India, prevalence of lactational deficiency may be 30 - 40%. Hence a clinical study has been designed to evaluate the Stanya Janana action of Jeevanti based on the principle of Samanyam Vruddhi Karanam. Randomized single blind standard controlled clinical study was conducted in 60 patients attending OPD of Department of Prasuti andStree Roga, BLDEA’s AVS Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya Hospital andResearch Centre, Vijayapur, Karnataka, and grouped into two. Group A patients were administered with Jeevanti Churna 6 gms bd orally with Ushna Jala for 30 days and Group B patients were administered with Shatavari Churna 6 gms bd orally with Ushna Jala for 30 days. The patients were followed up for 15 days, 51 patients had completed the treatment and no adverse effects were reported during the treatment. Both groups had improved in the clinical symptoms and overall statistical significance was observed.
A critical review on clinical presentations of Shukravruta Vata
Authors: Venkaraddiyavar Shrinivasraddi G , S Prashanth A
Published: July 2018

The concept of Ayurveda is the theory that health exists when there is a balance in Tridosha. Vata Dosha is the chief among Tridosha, because of its Ashukaritwa and its ability to carry on all the life process in association with Pitta, Kapha, Saptadhatu and Trividha Mala. In Ayurveda various types of manifestation of disease of Vata are being explained. Among them Avarana is one of the most difficult concepts to understand in clinical practice. Avarana means to cover or encapsulate. Gati is the potent Guna of Vata, the Gati of Vata is obstructed in Avarana, this is the central idea of Avarita Vata, Pitta and Kapha Dosha, Dhatu, Mala and Anna, obstruct the path of Vata and this condition is called as Samanya Avarana. Shukra is the seventh and final Dhatu in Dhatu formation cycle when Shukradhatu is healthy, there is a natural creative instinct and an ability to see the creative act. In Shukravruta Vata immature sperms are formed which lose their forward movement activity and fertility may be challenged, so a critical approach is essential for a differential understanding of Avarana of Vata with Shukra Dhatu. Here an attempt has been made to understand the unique concept of Avarana of Vata by Shukradhatu.
Role of Panchakarma in preventing lifestyle disorders
Authors: Tiwari Swati , Gupta Sanjay , Srivastava Alok Kumar
Published: July 2018

Lifestyle disorder is an umbrella term given to all the diseases which arise because of unhealthy lifestyle. Lifestyle diseases, a subset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a result of the way we live, work and go about our everyday lives. Developing countries like India is predicted to have most number of Lifestyle related patients in the next 10 years in the entire world. Health promotion and preventive health approaches are proven effective strategies in reducing disease burden with lower costs compared to the cost of NCD treatment. There is a definite need of an approach to understand the psycho-somatic impact on the human body and emerging lifestyle diseases. And the hope to treat Lifestyle diseases definitely brighten with the broader approach of Ayurveda. Ayurveda provides better solution in the forms of proper dietary management, lifestyle advises, Panchakarma like detoxification and bio-purification procedure and rejuvenation therapies. If the factors involved in pathogenesis of these lifestyle disorders are reviewed on the basis of Ayurveda, the symptoms shows Agnidushti, Kaphadushti, Mansavaha and Medovahadushti. Life style disorders can be prevented through Panchakarma as it prevents vitiated Kapha, Meda etc. along with stress and strain of mind as well as body.
Literary review of Yava (Barley)
Authors: UJ Shirke , Yadav Jyotsna , JM Shirke , MM Udmale
Published: July 2018

According to Upanishadas, food is Brahman, the Divine reality. The physical body itself is born of and lives by food. Right diet is the essence of disease prevention and the foundation of a healthy and happy life. A properly selected diet and diet plan plays a critical importance in the management of any disease. Only a well-balanced diet can cure numerous diseases, sometimes even good medicines are unable to cure certain diseases without balanced diet, that’s why food is said to be most important medicine. Today there is increasing public awareness of the importance of diet for the maintenance and promotion of health. An Ayurvedic text entails the uses of Yava in religious ceremony, dietary and medicinal preparations. Yava is used for Lekhana Karma. The present paper deals with literary review of Yava.
Ayurvedic management of Bells Palsy - A Case Report
Authors: . Madhavi , LL Jadhav , AS Anoop , HR Rakesh , KS Sreedevi
Published: July 2018

Bells palsy an acute paresis of facial mimetic muscles is most common in the third decade of life with an incidence of about 20 cases per 1,00,000 population. The complete recovery rates within 3 months vary from 80-85%. Major complications of the condition include chronic loss of taste, chronic facial spasm, facial pain, corneal infections making early intervention essential. Ardita clinically correlates to Bells palsy. Its cause is mainly vitiated Vata due to Avarana or Dhatukshaya and management is primarily based on Vatahara and Urdhva Sharira Chikitsa. Methods: The current report is based on a case of Bells palsy that presented as left sided facial paresis with deviated angle of mouth to the right, diagnosed as Ardita due to Vata and Kapha Anubandha. Treatment included Nasya Karma, Shiro Pichu, Mukhabhyanga followed by Panasa Patra Sweda and internal medications. Result: Improvement in motor functioning was noticed from day 3 of treatment. Speech enhancement and sensory perception was also noted. Discussion: Ayurvedic management with Ardita Chikitsa provided brisk results in this case.
A Case Study on efficacy of Apamarga Kshara Sootra in multiple Fistulae-In-Ano
Authors: Vijayan Veena , K Prashanth
Published: July 2018

Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) is a disease which is pertaining to anorectal region which is a highly prevalent disease among the anorectal diseases. Acharya Sushruta considered it as one among the Ashtamahagadas. There is a wide description of its etiology, pathogenesis, types, Sadhyasadhyata, various modality of treatment, Pathya and Apathya in various classical texts. Ayurveda classics have explained different types of Bhagandara and its Chikitsa which includes medical, surgical alternative and surgical management. The modern medical system treats the condition using seton technique or surgery. The Ksharasootra method explained in Ayurveda Samhitas believed to have more efficacy than the seton technique. The incidence of fistula-in-ano is increasing gradually irrespective of age and sex. It affects the day-to-day life of the patients with its severity in presentation. Here a case study is discussed in which the patient suffered from multiple fistula-in-ano, was treated with Teekshna Apamarga Ksharasootra and internal medications. Fistula got completely cured in 6 months without recurrence in 1 year follow up.
Management of a Venous Ulcer with Virechana Karma and internal medications - A Case Report
Authors: P Ratheesh , K Shankara Prasad
Published: July 2018

Venous Ulcer is a very common disease encountered in surgical practice. There are many modality of treatment in contemporary science, yet it takes very long time for healing of the ulcer. Objective - This is a single case study depicting the effect of Virechana Karma along with internal medications in a case of chronic venous ulcer. Materials and Methods - In this study a male patient of 52 years presenting with a non healing ulcer on the right lower leg was diagnosed as venous ulcer. He was treated with Virechana Karma and internal medications along with Kashaya Parisheka to the ulcer. Result - After discharge, follow up of patient was done. Complete healing of wound was noted in 45 days. The changes in wound healing were documented during the stay in the hospital and during follow up. Conclusion - After Virechana a significant reduction in many of symptoms was noted. This treatment protocol has shown encouraging results in terms of early healing of the ulcer with low cost of the treatment when compared to conventional treatment methods.
Unilateral variation in branching pattern of Right Axillary Artery - A Case Report
Authors: Muraleedhar B. , Kuppi Chandrasekar
Published: July 2018

The Axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery and is a major artery of the upper limb. During the routine dissection for Undergraduate Ayurvedic Medical Students of Sharada Ayurvedic Medical College, Yadgir, Karnataka, India, in the Department of Anatomy, we come across a variation in branching pattern of second and third part of right axillary artery in male cadaver approximately 55 years of age. The first part of axillary artery was found to be normal. In the second part of axillary artery we observed two branches, first one is thoracoacromial artery arose as usual second branch given common trunk which is further divided into lateral thoracic artery and subscapular artery. Even third part of axillary artery gave one common trunk that terminated by bifurcating into Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery.
Review of Gandhaka Shodana using Damaru Yantra as described in Rasatarangini
Authors: S. Vikram , Valsan Smrithi , S. Deepika , R Swati
Published: July 2018

The use of Gandhaka is widely brought out in the field of Rasashastra. There are many procedures
mentioned for its Shodana which is practised abundantly in Ayurveda. Rasa Tarangini mentions one
such unique method of purification which hasn’t been adopted till date. This method can be used in
the preparation of Swarna Vanga, Makaradwaja etc. The method of Shodana involves the use of
Damaru Yantra for its process and by following this procedure it prevents the presence of Pashanadi
Doshas, avoids adherence of Milk/ Ghee as mentioned in other procedures of Shodana. This article
mainly deals with the review of Shodana of Gandhaka as per Rasa Tarangini.
Evaluasi implementasi KTSP dan Kurikulum 2013 pada SMK se-Kabupaten Belu, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Uran Lukas Lui
Published: July 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkapkan ketercapaian pelaksanaan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) dan Kurikulum 2013, di SMK se-Kabupaten Belu yang meliputi: (1) ketercapaian pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang dilihat dari konteks, input, proses, dan produk, (2) hambatan yang dialami guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan (3) kelebihan dan kekurangan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan kedua kurikulum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan model CIPP. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa SMK yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) hasil evaluasi implementasi KTSP dan Kurikulum 2013 dilihat dari segi konteks, input proses dan produk termasuk dalam kategori sangat berhasil; (2) hambatan utama yang dialami guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan KTSP adalah keterbatasan literatur sedangkan hambatan utama dalam Kurikulum 2013 adalah kesulitan dalam membuat format penilaian pembelajaran; (3) pada KTSP guru fleksibel dalam mengembangkan kurikulum, namun mengalami keterbatasan literatur. Kurikulum 2013 mampu meningkatkan kreativitas guru dan siswa, namun sulit dipahami.Kata kunci: evaluasi, implementasi, CIPP AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF KTSP & CURRICULUM 2013 AT VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL IN BELU REGENCY, EAST NUSA TENGGARAAbstractThe aim of this research was to reveal the achievement level of Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) and Curriculum 2013 implementation at Vocational High School (SMK) in Belu, including: (1) the achievement level of teaching processes based on context, input, process, and output; (2) teacher’s constraints in the implementation of teaching processes; and (3) the strengths and the weaknesses of teaching process of the two curriculums. This study was an evaluation research using quantitative descriptive approach and CIPP model. The subjects of this research were teachers and students of vocational high school in Belu, East Nusa Tenggara, chosen by using probability sampling technique. The results of this study show that: (1) the result of evaluation on KTSP and Curruculum 2013 implementation in terms of context, input, process and output is considered as highly successful; (2) the teachers’ main contraint in teaching by using KTSP is the lack of literature, whilein teaching by using Curriculum 2013, their main constraint is the lack of proper skills in creating the learning assessment form; (3) By using KTSP, teachers have flexibility in developing the curriculum but they have to face the lack of the literature. Whereas, the implementation of Curriculum 2013 can improve teachers’ and students’ creativity, but it is difficult to be understood.Keywords: evaluation, implementation, CIPP
Estimasi kesalahan pengukuran standard setting dalam penilaian kompetensi matematika tingkat SMP di Kabupaten Sumbawa
Authors: Wendari Weni , Hadi Samsul
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode yang lebih akurat dalam mengestimasi kesalahan pengukuran standard setting pada metode Ebel, Bookmark, dan Contrasting group. Data penelitian ini merupakan dokumen Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Sumbawa berupa respon peserta Ujian Nasional Matematika Paket P0C5520 tahun ajaran 2015/2016 yang berjumlah 352 siswa. Guru juga dilibatkan dalam penelitian sebagai panelis dalam Focus Group Discussion  (FGD). Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis melaui tiga tahap.. Tahap pertama yaitu persiapan, kegiatan pada tahap ini mencakup penyiapan data, penggolongan SMP, dan penentuan karakteristik butir. Tahap kedua yaitu FGD dilakukan dalam dua putaran. Tahap ketiga yaitu mengestimasi kesalahan pengukuran dengan menggunakan pendekatan Generalizability Theory dengan bantuan program eduG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Contrasting group memiliki estimasi kesalahan pengukuran paling kecil dibandingkan metode Ebel dan Bookmark, oleh karena itu, metode Contrasting grouplebih akurat dibandingkan dengan dua metode lainnya.Kata kunci: cut score, standard setting, generalizability theory MEASUREMENT ERROR ESTIMATION OF STANDARD SETTING IN MATHEMATICS COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN SUMBAWA REGENCYAbstractThis research aims to find the most accurate methods in estimating measurement error of standard setting among Ebel, Bookmark, and Contrasting group methods. The data used in this study were 352 students’ responses on Mathematics National Exam Package P0C5520 in the academic year of 2015/2016. The document was collected from the Department of Education and Culture in Sumbawa Regency. Teachers were also involved in this research as panelists in the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The data collected were then analyzed through three stages. The first stage was preparation stage, including the activities of data preparation, school classification, and item characteristics analysis. The second stage was two-round FGD. The third stage was estimating the measurement error using Generalizability Theory approach assisted by eduG program. The research result shows that Contrasting Group method produces the smallest measurement error estimation compared to Ebel and Bookmark methods, therefore, Contrasting group method is considered as the most accurate method.Keywords: cut score, standard setting, generalizability theory
Evaluasi program diklat karya tulis ilmiah untuk widyaiswara Pusbangtendik Kemdikbud
Authors: Arthur Riyan
Published: July 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi program Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Karya Tulis Ilmiah (Diklat KTI) untuk widyaiswara yang diselenggarakan Pusbangtendik Kemdikbud. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode evaluatif, model Kirkpatrick. Penelitian ini melibatkan 32 widyaiswara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner, observasi, studi dokumentasi dan wawancara.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Pertama; hanya ada tiga level Diklat KTI yang dilaksanakan sesuai peraturan, perencanaan serta memenuhi kriteria evaluasi, yaitu: level reaksi, pembelajaran dan perilaku. Kedua; Diklat KTI yang diselenggarakan Pusbangtendik Kemdikbud masih belum berdampak terhadap individu dan unit kerja. Rekomendasi atas Program Diklat KTI adalah dilanjutkan dengan perbaikan pada level dampak Diklat KTI.Kata kunci: evaluasi, Diklat KTI, widyaiswara THE EVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC PAPER TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PUSBANGTENDIK KEMDIKBUD TRAINERSAbtractThis research is aimed at evaluating the programs of education and training of scientific papers (KTI training) for trainers in Pusbangtendik Kemdikbud. This research used an evaluative method of Kirkpatrick model. This study involved 32 trainers. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires, observation, documentation study, and interview. The result shows that, first, there are only three levels of KTI Training implemented according to the regulation, plans and fulfillment of the evaluation criteria’; the three levels are reaction, learning, and behaviour levels. Second, KTI Training held by Pusbangtendik Kemdikbud still has not significantly showed any impact towards the individual and work units. Therefore, it is recommended for KTI Training program to continue with the improvement efforts on the impact level of KTI Training.Kata kunci: evaluation, KTI training, trainer
MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF CHRONIC ABACTERIAL PROSTATITIS
Authors: Chernogubova E. A.
Published: July 2018

Introduction.Chronic prostatitis is the most common and difficult to diagnose androurologic disease. However, the etiology, pathogenesis and pathophysiology of chronic abacterial prostatitis are not well understood.

Objective.Analysis of the role of the body’s proteolytic systems in inflammatory processes in the prostate, detection of markers of inflammation in the blood, prostate secretion in various forms of chronic abacterial prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS).

Materials and methods.The study included 52 patients with inflammatory (CAP/CPPS IIIA) and 46 patients with non - inflammatory (CAP/CPPS IIIB) forms of chronic abacterial prostatitis. We determined the activity of kallikrein, level of prekallikrein, inhibitory activity α1-proteinase inhibitor and α2- macroglobulin, total arginine-esterase activity, activity of leukocyte elastase and elastase-like activity in the blood serum and the prostate secret.

Results.Disturbance of metabolic processes of inflammation development in chronic abacterial prostatitis occurs against the background of imbalance of the proteinase inhibitors system, uncontrolled enhancement of proteolytic processes in the prostate in conditions of weakening of natural resistance of the organism is the most significant factor in the development of CAP/CPPS.

Conclusions.The analysis of the activity of proteolytic processes in the blood and prostate secretion can serve as an additional diagnostic criterion for chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Disclosure: TInformation about sponsorship. The publication was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the State Task of the SSC RAS for 2018. The state registration of the project № 01201363192. The author declares no conflict of interest.
THE CURRENT STATE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND THE COMPOSITION OF PATHOGENS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Lokshin K. L. , Shirshov V. N. , Popko A. S. , Demidko Yu. L. , Luchenkova N. D.
Published: July 2018

Introduction.The main treatment component of asymptomatic bacteriuria, acute cystitis and pyelonephritis in pregnant women is antibiotic therapy, which in many patients is prescribed empirically. For successful selection of the drug, it is necessary to know both the structure of pathogens and the current profile of their antibiotic resistance.

Purpose of research.The study of species composition and resistance to antibiotics of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women in the Moscow Region

Materials and methods.The study included 104 pregnant women with uncomplicated UTIs who were observed and treated at the Lapino Clinical Hospital between 2016 and 2017. The material for bacteriological studies was the midstream portion of urine or urine collected by a catheter.

Results.90 patients had asymptomatic bacteriuria, 10 had acute cystitis, and 4 had acute gestational pyelonephritis. The structure of the pathogens of UTI is presented: E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter cloacae. The most frequently detected pathogens were E. coli (67.3%) and E. faecalis (50%). Resistance rate of E.coli strains more than 20% was detected to ampicillin (36.4%), amoxicillin / clavulanate (23.2%), trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (27.4%), nalidixic acid (20.7%), cephalosporins 2 and 3 generation (respectively, 25.7% and 24.3%). Resistance rate more than 20% in Enterobacteriaceae family strains was detected to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (24.4%), nalidixic acid (20.7%), cephalosporins 2 generations (21.7%). Antibiotic resistance of E.coli and other Enterobacteriaceae family taxons less than 10% was noted only with respect to carbapenems (0%) and fosfomycin (1.5% and 3.5%, respectively).

Conclusions.It is expedient to use the obtained data on the composition and sensitivity profile of uropathogens in UTIs in pregnant women when choosing starting empirical antibiotic therapy. 

Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF INTESTINAL GRAFT AFTER CYSTECTOMY WITH ORTHOTOPIC PLASTIC OF THE URINARY BLADDER
Authors: Sitdykova M. E. , Zubkov A. Yu.
Published: July 2018

Introduction.The histomorphological state and mechanisms of transformation of the intestinal epithelium of the orthotopic urinary bladder are unexplored.

Purpose of research.The study the morphological adaptive and compensatory changes in the intestinal graft wall (IGW) and their relationship with homeostasis at various stages after surgical treatment. Materials and methods. The morphological state of the intestinal graft wall (IGW) was studied in 42 patient’s cystectomy undergoing with the formation of an orthotopic intestinal bladder (15-ileum, 27-sigmoid) at terms from 1 to 6.5 months and 1 year or more after the treatment.

Results.Morphological changes occurring in the IGW wall begin with the moment of urine entering the lumen, which occurs in combination with changes in the stereotyped dynamics of the organ. Expressed changes are observed in all parts of the wall of the small and large intestine. There is regeneration and restructuring of the epithelium, expressed in atrophy and a decrease in the number of suction cylindrical cells and an increase in the number of mucus-forming goblet elements, terminating by 12 months and more after the operation. This combined with a decrease in the number and size of villi and crypts, reduction of the lymphatic channel and sclerosis of the blood vessels and stroma blocks suction. An increase in the number of mucus-forming goblet cells provides a barrier that protects the IGW mucosa from the effects of urine.

Conclusion.Morphological changes occurring in the IGW wall under the influence of urine contribute to the preservation of homeostasis and are identical in the thick and thin-intestinal variant of plastic of the bladder.

Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest
THE CORRECTION OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION WITH THE HELP OF DISTANT ISCHEMIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PRECONDITIONING WITH THERMAL LOCAL ASPHYXIA OF KIDNEY
Authors: Bratchikov O. I. , Pokrovskiy M. V. , Elagin V. V. , Kostina D. A.
Published: July 2018

This article contains the results of research of the endothelial dysfunction arising during the modeling of thermal local asphyxia of kidney and possibilities of their correction by distant ischemic and pharmacological preconditioning. The modeling of thermal local asphyxia of kidney is characterized by the disturbance of microcirculation and expression of eNOS in the kidney tissue. The usage of distant ischemic preconditioning and phosphodiesterase inhibitors type 5 sildenafil and tadalafil leads to pronounced correction of microcirculation dysfunction and activity of eNOS. During the modeling of thermal local asphyxia of kidney against endothelium dysfunction caused by ADMA-like L-NAME induced deficiency of nitric oxide more pronounced dysfunction of microcirculation and activity of eNOS are observed. The usage of distant ischemic and pharmacological preconditioning with the help of phosphodiesterase inhibitors type 5 in this type of pathology led to pronounced correction of microcirculation dysfunction and activity of eNOS. The injection of glibenclamide blocker of ATP – dependent K+ channels during the correction of the disturbance caused by the modeling of thermal local asphyxia of kidney with the help of distant ischemic and pharmacological preconditioning leads to the decrease of its efficiency.

Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
IN THE ORIGINS OF FORMATION OF DOMESTIC UROLOGY
Authors: Morgoshiia T. Sh.
Published: July 2018

The article notes that the problems of urology of the first half of the XX century were worked out by joint efforts of surgeons and urologists who distinguished their discipline as a narrow specialty from clinical surgery. Domestic medicine, improving and developing narrow specialties in those years, created the best conditions for improving the skills of the relevant specialists, but at the same time considered it necessary to proceed from the principle that a sharp delimitation of diseases and treatment by organs can not always serve the benefit of science and the patient. Special mention should be made of special methods of research – cystoscopy, catheterization of the ureters, pyelography, etc. – have become generally accepted for urologists and surgeons. Domestic urologists developed methods of operative access to the kidney, methods of intracapsular removal of it, methods of plastic restoration of the urino-genital organs. The author analyzes significant achievements in the treatment of congenital malformations of the genitourinary system in children, especially in the transplantation of ureters into the gut with ectopia of the bladder. When injuring the pelvic bones, rational surgical treatment of the wound at the first stages of evacuation, taking into account the anatomical features of the cellular spaces of the pelvis and the functions of the pelvic organs, was the main method of preventing subsequent complications. It is shown that in those years one of the important sections of the work of the urological departments of surgical hospitals was the treatment of gunshot injuries of the urethra. To treat these injuries, we used all sorts of developed ones before the Second World War. Domestic surgery in the first half of the XX century conducted an in-depth study of the main issues of theoretical and practical surgeons and urology. Surgical disciplines, including urology, began to approach the study of pathogenesis and the entire picture of the disease, guided by the teachings of Academician I.P. Pavlov on the role and significance of the central nervous system in the life of a living organism.

Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The author declares no conflict of interest.
WORLD MEETING ON SEXUAL MEDICINE 2018 (21ST WORLD MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SEXUAL MEDICINE AND 20TH CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR SEXUAL MEDICINE): VIEW FROM THE POSITION UROLOGIST AND ANDROLOGIST
Authors: Krakhotkin D. V. , Ibishev K. S. , Krainy P. A.
Published: July 2018

In this article presented the report about the world meeting on sexual medicine, joint congress 21st World Meeting of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) and 20th congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM), held in Lisbon from 28 February to 3 March 2018.

Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
ACURÁCIA DAS MEDIDAS LINEARES NOS MODELOS 3D, A PARTIR DA TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA POR FEIXE CÔNICO
Authors: Alves Rebouças Renan
Published: July 2018

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a acurácia das medidas lineares nos modelos 3D, a partir da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, através da revisão de literatura. Foram pesquisados artigos científicos indexados na base de dados PubMed, entre os anos de 2006 a 2014, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: acurácia, confiabilidade, medidas lineares, tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, resultando na análise de 12 artigos. A tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico (TCFC) fornece imagens em três dimensões (3D) – cortes tomográficos multiplanares (RMP) precisos e de alta resolução, a uma dose de radiação relativamente baixa. As medidas lineares realizadas nos modelos 3D, a partir da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, são acuradas, independentemente da resolução do voxel.Palavras-chave: Acurácia. Confiabilidade. Medidas lineares. Tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the linear measurements on 3D models, from cone beam computed tomography, through a literature review. Scientific articles indexed in the database PubMed were searched, between 2006 to 2014, using the keywords: accuracy, reliability, linear measurements, cone beam computed tomography, resulting in a total of 12 analysed articles. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provide three-dimensional (3D) images – accurate and high resolution multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), with reduced radiation dosages. Linear measurements on the 3D models, from the CBCT scan, are accurate, regardless of the resolution of the voxel.Keywords: Accuracy. Reliability. Linear measurements. Cone beam computed tomography.
A 3-Year Study of Resident Reaction to 2011 ACGME Work Hour Rules in a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Picciano Anne , Guth Lauren , Winter Robin O.
Published: July 2018

Introduction: 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) work hour rules prompted concerns regarding potential negative impacts on patient care and resident education. We were interested in resident reaction to call restructuring and night float (NF) in a family medicine residency over 3 years following implementation of the 2011 rules.
Methods: We conducted structured interviews of residents from 2011-2012 through 2013-2014. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for themes.
Results: Fifty-eight interviews were conducted, including 18/18 residents in 2011-2012 (100%), 18/20 residents in 2012-2013 (90%), and 22/22 residents in 2013-2014 (100%). Following introduction of the 24-hour work limit, upper year residents reported significantly less fatigue and improved personal lives, patient care, and educational experience. Reactions to NF varied with length and intensity of the NF rotation; most PGY-1 residents reported increased fatigue, more burnout, and worse personal lives on NF. Most residents felt patient care quality on NF did not differ from non-NF rotations because improved inpatient nighttime continuity mitigated effects of fatigue and increased care transitions. Reactions regarding educational experience on NF were initially negative, but improved over time.
Conclusions: Residents’ reactions to 2011 ACGME work hour rules suggest the rules improved resident well-being, except on NF. Negative effects of NF may be minimized by limiting NF rotations to 5 nights/week for 2 consecutive weeks, and 1 month total per academic year.
The role of potassium channels and calcium in the relaxation mechanism of magnesium sulfate on the isolated rat uterus
Authors: Sokolovic Dragana , Drakul Dragana , Orescanin-Dusic Zorana , Tatalovic Nikola , Pecelj Milica , Milovanovic Slobodan , Blagojevic Dusko
Published: July 2018

MgSO4 is used as a tocolytic agent. It is considered to be a calcium channel antagonist, but a different mechanism of its action might be involved. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of calcium concentrations and potassium channels in the mechanism of MgSO4-mediated uterine relaxation. Isolated uteri from female Wister rats were treated with increasing MgSO4 concentrations (0.1-30 mM). MgSO4 induced dose-dependent inhibition of spontaneous activity. Addition of Ca2+ (6 mM and 12 mM) stimulated uterine contractile activity and attenuated the inhibitory activity of MgSO4. In order to analyze the role of different subtypes of potassium channels, Ca2+-stimulated uteri were pretreated with glibenclamide (Glib), a selective ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor (KATP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), a non-specific inhibitor of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa), and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a voltage-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor (Kv), at concentrations that had no effect per se. Pretreatment with 4-AP had no effect on MgSO4-mediated relaxation of Ca2+-stimulated uteri. The relaxing effect of MgSO4 was potentiated by pretreatment with glibenclamide. Pretreatment with TEA attenuated the MgSO4-mediated decrease in frequency. Our results suggest that MgSO4 acts as a general calcium antagonist that influences Ca2+-mediated potassium channels. Furthermore, it seems that MgSO4 uterine relaxation activity is partially mediated by selective ATP-sensitive potassium channels, suggesting an ATP-dependent role.
O rosto divino do Absurdo – do suicídio de Kierkegaard
Authors: Lins Rafael De Castro , Grunewald Aline Leite
Published: July 2018

De começo, o artigo ressalta parâmetros essenciais do pensamento filosófico do escritor franco-argelino Albert Camus, mais acertadamente toca nos temas do Absurdo e do Suicídio Filosófico como descritos em O Mito de Sísifo. O fito dessa passagem primeira é divisar a perspectiva camusiana acerca do filósofo dinamarquês Søren Kierkegaard, a fim de apontar elementos textuais e conceituais que revelem como Camus se inspirou em Kierkegaard para compor a persona religiosa de seu romance mais popular, o Capelão Prisional de O Estrangeiro. Um pouco além desta vereda central em que o texto segue, os autores foram postos em paralelo por via dos temas suscitados por Camus e a partir do sintomático postulado camusiano do qual Kierkegaard é o alvo principal, o Suicídio Filosófico.
Ferramentas digitais na análise de "Os anos"
Authors: Neves Caroline Resende , Nogueira Nicea Helena
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo buscou esclarecer a relação entre eventos da vida da autora Virginia Woolf com sua ficção, e para tal foram utilizadas ferramentas digitais como forma investigativa. A partir da leitura de textos críticos sobre Woolf, como as introduções a seus livros por Antônio Bivar, biografias sobre a autora e seus próprios textos autobiográficos, percebemos vários pontos de interseção entre a realidade e a ficção em sua literatura. Para a apresentação dos dados expostos, utilizamos principalmente o livro ficcional Os anos em comparação com os escritos autobiográficos em Momentos de vida, e os meios digitais Voyant e Tapeorware Comparator.  A primeira ferramenta foi utilizada para contabilizar a aparição de cada personagem no livro estudado, enquanto a segunda foi escolhida com o intuito de comparar trechos da obra ficcional com a autobiográfica. Através desta investigação foi possível perceber como a literatura de Woolf se baseia em sua vida pessoal.
A filosofia do trem: o tempo conserva-se na memória mas é repetido pela matéria
Authors: Antelo Raul
Published: July 2018

A memória consiste em uma síntese de passado e presente com uma perspectiva de futuro. A posição contradiz a ideia que pensa a memória como uma faculdade de repetição ou reprodução, na qual o passado é repetido ou reproduzido pelo presente e opõe-se à invenção e a criação.
METHOD OF SPAM DETECTION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEMS
Authors: Malykhina Maria Petrovna , Chastikova Vera Arkadyevna , Biktimirov Alexandr Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2018

The task of developing tools to combat spam is currently focused on creating such techniques for detecting spam, which are endowed with the skills and qualities inherent in a person whose work is not limited to patterns and therefore highly effective. Man has the ability to detect spam signs, which is based on his own knowledge, experience and preferences. There has been substantiated the need to develop a new approach to solving the problem of detecting spam messages, which is based on heuristic methods of optimization, is effective at the initial stage of training and has a low frequency of false operations. This formulation of the problem fully corresponds to modeling mechanisms of the immune systems of living organisms that ensure their survival, these mechanisms being represented, investigated and used by software. There have been identified and described main mechanisms of artificial immune systems intended for solving the problem of spam detection, as well as software and system interacting. The basic concepts of constructing an artificial immune system for the purpose formulated above are determined: class of detectors, presentation of receptors and pathogens. A model of the relationships between them has been worked out. A technique for detecting spam based on the work of an artificial immune system is proposed, an algorithm for its implementation is developed, and the specifics of its members to identify spam messages are described. A software package with advanced research capabilities has been created. Testing and analysis of the results to determine the optimum values of the system operation parameters have been conducted.
DEVELOPING ESTIMATION ALGORITHM OF RELIABILITY INDICATORS OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
Authors: Trofimov Valeriy Ivanovich , Sadchikov Pavel Nicolaevich , Belov Sergey Valerevich
Published: July 2018

In terms of developing automated system of calculating and forecasting the residual life of industrial buildings the article compares the advantages and disadvantages of reliability models of industrial buildings. The scheme of examining mode of deformation of an industrial building has been created. Realization of successive actions helps to determine the terms of achievement of the limiting conditions of an industrial building, to estimate the reserve strength of its carcass, and to search for changes in the amplitude values of the displacements in the calculated points, according to the results of comparative analysis of corresponding values in different periods of industrial building operation at a constant value of the generalized load. There has been carried out comparative analysis of computer-aided design systems that revealed the need to develop the proper software product specialized in calculating the work of industrial structures equipped with electric bridge cranes, with a whole complex of disturbing effects. According to the results of calculation scheme there was developed a summary algorithm which implemented the possibility of solving direct, inverse and predictive problems, as well as realizing probabilistic approach as most appropriate for random nature of man-made and natural impact, and for the conditions of their perception. Summary algorithm generates the values of crane loads in the form of continuous random values in accordance with the distribution law for the given parameters of expectation and mean-square deviation. It enables to carry out comparative analysis of the obtained probabilistic values and results of the calculation of the normative values of loads under constant conditions of the system operation. This algorithm is the basis of the development of the settlement and software complex "ASR-2018".
Using boundary objects to make students brokers across disciplines
Authors: Gilliard Lukas , Wenner Fabian , Belahuski Gal Biran , Nagl Elisabeth , Rodewald Anna , Schmid Fabian , Stechele Maximilian , Zettl Michael , Bentlage Michael , Thierstein Alain
Published: July 2018

The competencies required for steering urban development sustainably are scattered amongst various disciplines. This is particularly relevant for planners working at the interface of different sub-disciplines, such as transport and land-use planning, exemplified by transit-oriented development (TOD). In this paper, we use Bertolini’s node-place model (NPM) example for TOD to test whether it enables interdisciplinary work to be undertaken in planning education. We tested our hypothesis in two design studios by challenging urban design students to develop their own design brief based on an NPM. The paper is of a dialogic, discursive nature. Students discuss whether or not the NPM enables them to better understand the relationship between transit and urban development and to develop spatial strategies based upon an integrative approach. Our discussion reveals that the NPM cannot necessarily bridge disciplinary boundaries successfully. However, both lecturers and students see value in the model as a didactic instrument.
Older Adults and Civic Engagement in Rural Areas of the Czech Republic
Authors: Kafková Marcela Petrová , Vidovićová Lucie , Wija Petr
Published: July 2018

Older adults represent a specific group of political and civic actors. In one line of argument, the growing number of people over 65 is gaining stronger voice and representation, and plays a stronger role in social, economic and political life and changes in societies. Another approach points to the social exclusion of older adults and their “oppressed voices”. Using a representative survey of the Czech rural population age 60+, Quality of Life of Seniors in Rural Areas (2016), we looked at the level and forms of civic engagement of older adults and their perceptions in rural areas. We found these attitudes associated with the “locus of control” as an indicator of agency and with place attachment. Some sociodemographic characteristics (being younger, having higher education) increase the probability of older adults’ civic participation in rural areas. The results enhance our knowledge on rural social networks in later life and point to untapped potential of older adults in the local contexts.
La sobrerrepresentación de escolares de nacionalidad extranjera en el grupo de alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Cama Alessandra
Published: July 2018

El trabajo que presentamos forma parte de una investigación que pretende estudiar la posible sobrerrepresentación de alumnos con antecedentes de migración dentro del colectivo de escolares con “necesidades educativas especiales” en el sistema educativo italiano.Con el desarrollo de una etnografía en diversos centros escolares de una ciudad del sur de Italia y en contacto con las administraciones educativas y su producción normativa, pretendemos dar algunas explicaciones a esta aparente desproporcionada representación. Después de presentar un conjunto de datos estadísticos del contexto internacional nos detenemos en los detalles de las estadísticas generales para Italia. A partir de ello describimos quiénes son los sujetos de “educación especial” en el sistema escolar de este país y presentamos los discursos de un grupo de profesorado y de técnicos con el fin de explicar las probables causas de esta sobrerrepresentación.  This work is part of a research that seeks to investigate the possible overrepresentation of students with a history of migration within the group of students with “special educational needs” in the Italian education system.With the development of ethnographic research in various schools of a city of Southern Italy, and in contact with school administrations and ministerial regulatory production, we intend to provide some explanations for this apparently disproportionate representation. After presenting a set of statistical data from the international context, we dwell upon the details of general statistical data for Italy. From this, we then move on describing who is the target group of “special education” in the school system of this country, and presenting the speeches of a group of teachers and technical experts, in order to explain the possible underlying causes of this overrepresentation.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KHẢ NĂNG SINH TRƯỞNG, PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NĂNG SUẤT CỦA MỘT SỐ GIỐNG LÚA LAI MỚI TẠI TỈNH HÀ TĨNH
Authors: Lam Nguyễn Hồ , Nga Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh
Published: July 2018

Tóm tắt: Thí nghiệm được tiến hành để tuyển chọn một số giống lúa lai có năng suất cao phù hợp với điều kiện sinh thái tại tỉnh Hà Tĩnh. Nghiên cứu sử dụng 6 giống lúa lai mới gồm LC270, Q.ưu 6, Arize 6129 vàng, 3813, 7571 và Nhị ưu 838 trong vụ Hè Thu 2016 trên đất thịt nhẹ tại xã Cẩm Thành, huyện Cẩm Xuyên, tỉnh Hà Tĩnh; trong đó Nhị ưu 838 làm đối chứng. Theo dõi các chỉ tiêu về sinh trưởng, phát triển và năng suất. Kết quả thí nghiệm cho thấy hai giống lúa Arize 6129 vàng và LC270 cho năng suất cao (81,6 và 76,8 tạ/ha), khả năng chống chịu với một số sâu bệnh hại quan trọng tố; hạt có hình dạng thon và thon dài chất lượng cơm thơm ngon. Gạo của hai giống này sau khi nấu chín để nguội vẫn có độ dẻo, mềm, hạt cơm trắng hơn so với giống đối chứng và các giống khác. Các giống này cần tiếp tục được nghiên cứu ở các mùa vụ và các vùng đất khác nhau để bổ sung vào cơ cấu giống lúa của địa phương.Từ khóa: Hà Tĩnh, lúa lai, năng suất, sinh trưởng