bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do public healthcare programs make societies more equal? Cross-country evidence on subjective wellbeing
Authors: Dizon Ryan Joseph R.
Published: November 2023

Background

Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to provide quality healthcare services and safeguard the population from the financial burden of catastrophic health expenditure. Its primary objectives are to improve longevity and enhance overall quality of life. This study investigates the relationship between UHC and the inequality in subjective wellbeing (SWB) and explores whether public health programs can reduce social inequality. By employing SWB inequality as a measure, we go beyond the conventional income-centric approach to assess social inequality.

Methods

The SWB data used in this study are derived from the repeated cross-sectional survey obtained from the European Values Study (EVS) and the World Values Survey (WVS). We adopt an observational study design and employ statistical techniques, such as ordinary least squares, Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition, and the recentered influence function (RIF). The RIF, in particular, allows us to characterise the entire distribution of SWB, rather than focusing on a single point.

Results

UHC programs are negatively associated with SWB inequality (-0.070, significant at 5%). The negative association is observed at the 5th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the SWB distribution, whilst the association becomes positive at the 95th percentile. UHC programs do not contribute to the SWB inequality gap.

Conclusions

UHC programs exhibit an inequality-reduction property when the inequality is not severe or when countries are more equal. However, their effectiveness diminishes in the presence of extreme inequality. Health programs do not contribute to the existing SWB inequality gap between developed and developing countries. Strengthening the two dimensions of the UHC program (i.e., service coverage and financial protection) will ensure better health and wellbeing for all, and potentially foster a more equal and inclusive society.
Acute neuro-biochemical changes induced by nitrogen-tungsten co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Farooqi Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Lee Jooho , Lee Cheong-Ah , Im Seung-Uk , Farooqi Muhammad Awais , Gul Tasbiha , Siddiqui Ghayas Uddin , Paeng Dong-Guk
Published: November 2023

Nitrogen-tungsten co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (W-N-doped TiO2 NPs) are employed for the photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants. However, the potential impact of these nanoparticles on the central nervous system remains a subject of concern. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of W-N-doped TiO2 NPs on neurophysiological and biochemical parameters of healthy rat brains, including behavioral monitoring, electroencephalogram analysis, and oxidative stress markers quantification. Intraperitoneal administration of W-N-doped TiO2 NPs to rats revealed abnormal brain electrical activity and an altered sense of balance in the treated rats. The ability of W-N-doped TiO2 NPs to cross the blood–brain barrier and accumulate in the brain leads to oxidative stress damage, supported by the elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite concentration, and malondialdehyde levels. Additionally, exposure to W-N-doped TiO2 NPs significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme levels, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, impacting a significant decrease in dopamine and acetylcholinesterase within the rat neural tissue. Furthermore, the inflammatory biomarker tumor necrosis factor-alpha and 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine significantly increased in response to W-N-doped TiO2 NPs. The findings revealed the adverse effects of W-N-doped TiO2 NPs on the electrical activity of rat brains and the altered concentration of various neuro-biomarkers, highlighting their potential neurotoxicity.
Understanding the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury using animal models
Authors: Silva Pedro Leme , Scharffenberg Martin , Rocco Patricia Rieken Macedo
Published: November 2023

Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving therapy in several clinical situations, promoting gas exchange and providing rest to the respiratory muscles. However, mechanical ventilation may cause hemodynamic instability and pulmonary structural damage, which is known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The four main injury mechanisms associated with VILI are as follows: barotrauma/volutrauma caused by overstretching the lung tissues; atelectrauma, caused by repeated opening and closing of the alveoli resulting in shear stress; and biotrauma, the resulting biological response to tissue damage, which leads to lung and multi-organ failure. This narrative review elucidates the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis, progression, and resolution of VILI and discusses the strategies that can mitigate VILI. Different static variables (peak, plateau, and driving pressures, positive end-expiratory pressure, and tidal volume) and dynamic variables (respiratory rate, airflow amplitude, and inspiratory time fraction) can contribute to VILI. Moreover, the potential for lung injury depends on tissue vulnerability, mechanical power (energy applied per unit of time), and the duration of that exposure. According to the current evidence based on models of acute respiratory distress syndrome and VILI, the following strategies are proposed to provide lung protection: keep the lungs partially collapsed (SaO2 > 88%), avoid opening and closing of collapsed alveoli, and gently ventilate aerated regions while keeping collapsed and consolidated areas at rest. Additional mechanisms, such as subject-ventilator asynchrony, cumulative power, and intensity, as well as the damaging threshold (stress–strain level at which tidal damage is initiated), are under experimental investigation and may enhance the understanding of VILI.
Heart failure drug classes and 30-day unplanned hospital readmission among patients with heart failure in Ethiopia
Authors: Ayenew Birhanu , Kumar Prem , Hussein Adem , Gashaw Yegoraw , Girma Mitaw , Ayalew Abdulmelik , Tadesse Beza
Published: November 2023

Background

Drug therapy is a crucial aspect of heart failure management and has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients. However, the comparative effects of these drug classes on readmission rates have not been well studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between different classes of heart failure drugs and 30-day readmission rates in patients with heart failure.

Method

A multicenter, hospital-based retrospective cohort design was employed and 572 randomly selected patients with heart failure were included. Data were entered in Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed with STATA version 17. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to estimate and compare survival time. A Cox proportional hazard model was utilized, employing both bi-variable and multi-variable analyses, to examine the effect of predictors on the timing of unplanned hospital readmissions. The strength of the association was assessed using an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), and statistical significance was declared for p-values < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

In this study, a total of 151 (26.40%) heart failure patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. In the multivariate cox proportional hazards analysis being an age (> 65 year) (AHR: 2.34, 95%CI: 1.63, 3.37), rural in residency (AHR: 1.85, 95%CI: 1.07, 3.20), hospital stays > 7 Days (AHR: 3.68, 95%CI: 2.51,5.39), discharge with Diuretics (AHR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.45, 3.86), and discharge with Beta-Blocker (AHR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0 0.34, 0.69) were identified as independent predictors of unplanned hospital readmission.

Conclusion

Elderly patients, being in rural areas, longer hospital stays, and discharges of patients on diuretics and not on beta-blockers were independent predictors of unplanned hospital readmission. Therefore, working on these factors will help to reduce the hazard of unplanned hospital readmissions, improve patient outcomes, and increase the efficiency of heart failure management.
Reducing the risk of criminal exploitation using multi-systemic therapy (the RESET Study): study protocol for a feasibility study and process evaluation
Authors: Hayden N. K. , Flynn S. , Blumenfeld F. , Hastings R. P. , Gray K. M. , Cullen S. , Cullen M. A. , Langdon P. E.
Published: November 2023

Background

Child criminal exploitation is a form of child abuse that poses a serious risk to the welfare, safety, and wellbeing of young people. Multisystemic therapy (MST) is an intensive family and community-based intervention for young people with anti-social behavioral problems, many of whom will be at risk of criminal exploitation. This protocol describes a pilot feasibility study and process evaluation, designed to examine MST for children at risk of criminal exploitation.

Methods

This pilot feasibility study and process evaluation involves two phases with associated subphases: phase 1.1 involved the collaborative refinement of the logic model adapting MST for children at risk of criminal exploitation; phase 1.2 involved pre-pilot interviews with MST therapists, families, and young people; phase 2.1 is a pilot modeling study of MST for children at risk of criminal exploitation, and; Phase 2.2 is a process evaluation that will involve interviewing stakeholders, MST therapists and employees, families, and young people. The dataset for the process evaluation will include questionnaires completed by parents and young people at baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, and 6 months after treatment. We will supplement these data with participant-level data linkage from MST sites and services.

Results

Accrual to the pilot stage of this project opened on 6th August 2021 and is due to close on 31st May 2022. We aim to publish the results of this feasibility study and process evaluation in 2023.

Conclusions

The results of this feasibility study and process evaluation will inform the decision as to whether it is advisable to progress to a pilot clinical trial of MST for children at risk of criminal exploitation.

Trial registration

Trial registration: ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN16164816 on 25th January 2021—https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN16164816.
Condylar volume and positional changes following a bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy in skeletal class II and III malocclusions
Authors: Park Chulyoung , Kim Hyejin , Ryu Jaeyoung , Jung Seunggon , Park Hong-Ju , Oh Hee-Kyun , Kook Min-Suk
Published: November 2023

Background

Mandibular condyle remodeling and displacement are post-orthognathic surgery concerns that can potentially lead to occlusal issues after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. This retrospective study examined the relationship between condylar volume changes and position alterations after surgery in patients with skeletal class II and III malocclusions using cone-beam CT.

Methods

The study included 16 patients (6 with Class II malocclusion, 10 with Class III malocclusion) who underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy at Chonnam National University Hospital. Cone-beam CT data were collected at three specific time points: before surgery, immediately after surgery, and approximately 6 months post-surgery. Mandibular movement was measured using InVivoDental 5.4.6. ITK-SNAP 3.8.0 was used to assessed condylar volume changes post-surgery. Condyle positions were evaluated in four parts with RadiAnt DICOM Viewer 4.6.9. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS version 23.

Results

Considering both Class II and III malocclusion, a 2.91% volume reduction was noted immediately and at 6 months after surgery. Both Class II and III cases demonstrated a decrease in superior joint space by -0.59 mm and medial joint space by -1.09 mm. No significant correlation was found between this process and condylar volume change.

Conclusions

The mandibular condyle volume decreased, and superior-medial movement of the condyle was detected in patients with Class II and III malocclusion immediately and at 6 months after surgery with no volume-position correlation.
Effects of mepiquat chloride and plant population density on leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in upland cotton
Authors: Luo Haihua , Zhang Zhengxian , Wu Jianfei , Wu Zhenjiang , Wen Tianwang , Tang Feiyu
Published: November 2023

Background

Mepiquat chloride (MC) application and plant population density (PPD) increasing are required for modern cotton production. However, their interactive effects on leaf physiology and carbohydrate metabolism remain obscure. This study aimed to examine whether and how MC and PPD affect the leaf morpho-physiological characteristics, and thus final cotton yield. PPD of three levels (D1: 2.25 plants·m−2, D2: 4.5 plants·m−2, and D3: 6.75 plants·m−2) and MC dosage of two levels (MC0: 0 g·ha−2, MC1: 82.5 g·ha−2) were combined to create six treatments. The dynamics of nonstructual carbohydrate concentration, carbon metabolism-related enzyme activity, and photosynthetic attributes in cotton leaves were examined during reproductive growth in 2019 and 2020.

Results

Among six treatments, the high PPD of 6.75 plants·m−2 combined with MC application (MC1D3) exhibited the greatest seed cotton yield and biological yield. The sucrose, hexose, starch, and total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentrations peaked at the first flowering (FF) stage and then declined to a minimum at the first boll opening (FBO) stage. Compared with other treatments, MC1D3 improved starch and TNC concentration by 5.4% ~ 88.4%, 7.8% ~ 52.0% in 2019, and by 14.6% ~ 55.9%, 13.5% ~ 39.7% in 2020 at the FF stage, respectively. Additionally, MC1D3 produced higher transformation rates of starch and TNC from the FF to FBO stages, indicating greater carbon production and utilization efficiency. MC1D3 displayed the maximal specific leaf weight (SLW) at the FBO stage, and the highest chlorophyll a (Chl a), Chl b, and Chl a + b concentration at the mid-late growth phase in both years. The Rubisco activity with MC1D3 was 2.6% ~ 53.2% higher at the flowering and boll setting stages in both years, and 2.4% ~ 52.7% higher at the FBO stage in 2020 than those in other treatments. These results provided a explanation of higher leaf senescence-resistant ability in MC1D3.

Conclusion

Increasing PPD coupled with MC application improves cotton yield by enhancing leaf carbohydrate production and utilization efficiency and delaying leaf senescence.
Feasibility study of assessing cotton fiber maturity from near infrared hyperspectral imaging technique
Authors: Liu Yongliang , Tao Feifei , Yao Haibo , Kincaid Russell
Published: November 2023

Background

Fiber maturity is a key cotton quality property, and its variability in a sample impacts fiber processing and dyeing performance. Currently, the maturity is determined by using established protocols in laboratories under a controlled environment. There is an increasing need to measure fiber maturity using low-cost (in general less than $20 000) and small portable systems. In this study, a laboratory feasibility was performed to assess the ability of the shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging (SWIR HSI) technique for determining the conditioned fiber maturity, and as a comparison, a bench-top commercial and expensive (in general greater than $60 000) near infrared (NIR) instrument was used.

Results

Although SWIR HSI and NIR represent different measurement technologies, consistent spectral characteristics were observed between the two instruments when they were used to measure the maturity of the locule fiber samples in seed cotton and of the well-defined fiber samples, respectively. Partial least squares (PLS) models were established using different spectral preprocessing parameters to predict fiber maturity. The high prediction precision was observed by a lower root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) (< 0.046), higher Rp2 (> 0.518), and greater percentage (97.0%) of samples within the 95% agreement range in the entire NIR region (1 000∼2 500 nm) without the moisture band at 1 940 nm.

Conclusion

SWIR HSI has a good potential for assessing cotton fiber maturity in a laboratory environment.
Validation of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy risk calculator for sudden cardiac death: a systematic review
Authors: Rashid Sarim , Pahwani Ritesh , Raj Sahil , Khan Hafiz Ahmed Raza , Nadeem Saffa , Ghani Muhammad Usman , Basit Jawad , Mehmoodi Amin , Malik Jahanzeb
Published: November 2023

In the context of ARVC, a systematic review of the validation of the ARVC risk score can provide insights into the accuracy and reliability of this score in identifying patients at high risk of ARVC. Digital databases were searched to identify the relevant studies using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). A total of 8 studies were included in this systematic review. A total of 8 studies were included in this review. The review found that the sensitivity of the ARVC risk scores ranged from 80 to 95%, and the specificity ranged from 31 to 79%. The PPV was 55%, and the NPV was 88%. The ARVC score provided a C-index for a 5-year VA risk prediction of 0.84 [95% CI (0.74–0.93)] and a Harrell C-index of 0.70 (95% CI 0.65–0.75). The calibration slope was 1.01 (95% CI 0.99–1.03). ARVC score demonstrated a significant event 5-year threshold between 15 and 20% and the classical ARVC 5-years/freedom-from-VA rate was 0.76(0.66–0.89) and the non-classical form 5-years/freedom-from-VA rate was 0.58 (0.43–0.78). In conclusion, the validation of ARVC risk scores is an essential step toward improving the accuracy of ARVC diagnosis and risk stratification. Further studies are needed to establish the accuracy and reliability of ARVC risk scores and to address the limitations of the current evidence.
Propolis from different Brazilian stingless bee species: phenolic composition and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Rocha Vitor Moreira , Portela Ricardo Wagner , Lacerda Luiz Eduardo , Sokolonski Ana Rita , de Souza Carolina Oliveira , dos Anjos Jeancarlo Pereira , Nascimento Renata Quartieri , Umsza-Guez Marcelo Andrés
Published: November 2023

Stingless bees (SLB) are insects bread many centuries ago by indigenous people and more than 500 species have already been described. Interest in SLB's propolis has grown as a way to value and preserve native bees, in addition to investigating/prospecting compounds with biological functionality (antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, etc.). The natural active compounds found in propolis come from different plant sources, and consequently, each propolis may show unique biological/pharmacological activity. There is still an important gap about the profile of chemical compounds, biological and pharmacological potential of propolis produced by SLBs. This work aimed to investigate the presence of phenolic and coumaric compounds (HPLC–DAD-FLD) and the antimicrobial activity (microdilution method) of propolis extracts from five different species of SLB reared in different places. The samples from Melipona quadrifasciata (82.05 mgGAEg−1) and one from, Frieseomelitta doederleini (56.22 mgGAEg−1) showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds. It was possible to identify in the propolis samples formononetin, kaempferol, gallic acid and coumarin. Resveratrol was detected in all samples, an unprecedent fact for SLB propolis. Candida albicans was susceptible to all tested extracts, while Escherichia coli was inhibited only by propolis from Melipona quadrifasciata; Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited by propolis from Plebeiadroryana., Melipona quadrifasciata and Frieseomelitta doederleini. It was verified that SLB propolis constitutes a source of different biocompounds, which varies according to the location where the bees are raised, and has mainly antifungal activity, generating possibilities of its use in different biotechnological products.

Graphical Abstract
Atrial fibrillation, electroconvulsive therapy, stroke risk, and anticoagulation
Authors: Kapadia Meera , Jagadish Pooja S. , Hutchinson Marcus , Lee Hong
Published: November 2023

Background

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a therapy used to treat refractory mental health conditions, ranging from depression to catatonia, and it has gained renewed prominence in practice and the literature of late. Given that ECT involves the application of direct current to the body, there exists a risk of a change in cardiac rhythm during therapy. When atrial fibrillation is induced, ECT carries a potential risk of stroke. These risks have not been previously analyzed or summarized in the literature to allow physicians to make educated decisions about periprocedural risk and anticoagulation needs.

Methods

To better describe this risk, the authors reviewed PubMed for articles that described the post-ECT cardioversion of AF to sinus rhythm, new development of AF post-ECT, and new stroke after either rhythm change.

Results

Included were 14 studies describing 19 unique patients. Most patients had no rhythm change during at least one of many ECT sessions. Five patients converted from AF to sinus rhythm during at least one session, while AF followed ECT in seventeen patients during at least one ECT session. Four patients experienced both ECT-related cardioversion from AF to sinus rhythm as well as conversion from sinus rhythm to AF. Although no patients with a rhythm change experienced a stroke, one unanticoagulated patient who remained in AF developed a stroke post-ECT.

Conclusions

Electroconvulsive therapy is demonstrated to be associated with rhythm changes—from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm as well as from sinus rhythm to atrial fibrillation. Thus, stroke risk during and after ECT remains a possibility. The anticoagulation of patients with AF who undergo ECT should be based on individual stroke risk factors, using validated stroke risk models, rather than prescribed routinely.
The moderating role of posttraumatic growth in secondary traumatic stress–burnout relationship: a sample of child psychiatrists from Turkey
Authors: Akdağ Berhan , Çelebi Seda Bozduman , İpekten Funda , Usluoğlu Feyruz , Nasıroğlu Serhat
Published: November 2023

Background

Secondary traumatization is a common occupational hazard for professionals working with distressed and traumatized people, especially children. If not properly managed, secondary traumatization can lead to symptoms similar to posttraumatic stress disorder. This condition is known as secondary traumatic stress (STS) and is linked to adverse mental health outcomes, such as burnout. Nevertheless, exposure to a traumatic event or its disturbing details can contribute to personal transformation, allowing an individual to move beyond pre-traumatic functioning and awareness. This process is called posttraumatic growth and is associated with positive mental health outcomes. The current study examined the relationship between STS and burnout and whether posttraumatic growth moderates this relationship in a sample of child psychiatrists.

Methods

An online questionnaire was designed and distributed to participants. A total of 59 child psychiatrists working in Turkey completed measures including the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-work burnout subscale, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale.

Results

While STS was positively related to burnout (r = 0.661, p < .001), posttraumatic growth moderated this relationship. In other words, the relationship between STS and burnout was weaker for child psychiatrists with higher posttraumatic growth.

Conclusions

Promoting posttraumatic growth may be a good way to reduce burnout among child psychiatrists. Individual or group supervision can promote posttraumatic growth by providing a supportive environment for child psychiatrists. Balancing workloads and creating time for self-care can also contribute to their growth.
Reliability and clinical validity of the Kang MRI grading system for cervical central spinal stenosis
Authors: Fahmy Yara , Hafez Abeer Abd El Maksoud , Shehata Khaled Ahmed Ali , Diasty Shaimaa El Metwally El
Published: November 2023

Background

The Kang MRI grading system for central cervical spinal stenosis has been previously explored in literature. The aim of the current study was to re-visit the system before adopting it into our institute’s cervical spine MRI reports and to evaluate its reliability through measuring the degree of agreement between radiologists of different levels of experience. The secondary aim was to evaluate its clinical validity by correlating between the radiological grade and the clinical symptoms as well as the subsequent treatment received by the patients.

Results

A total of 82 patients (21 males and 61 females, mean age = 42.8 years) that underwent cervical spine MRI in our institute were included in the study. Two specialized musculoskeletal radiologists and two radiology residents at different levels of experience independently graded the central cervical spinal stenosis at the narrowest level using the Kang grading system. Substantial agreement was found between all the participating radiologists (K = 0.665–0.799, percentage of agreement = 78.04–86.58%). Correlation between radiological grade and the presence of neuropathic symptoms (upper extremity paresthesias and/or numbness), motor affection (upper extremity weakness and/or weak hand grip), and treatment received by the patients was moderate, with R ranging from 0.325–0.440, 0.420–0.506, and 0.452–0.592 respectively. Correlation between grade and the presence of cervical pain was weak, with R = 0.197–0.253. On subdividing the grade 2 patients into grade 2a (demonstrable spinal cord deformity at the anterior or posterior aspects of the cord only) and grade 2b (demonstrable spinal cord deformity at both the anterior and posterior aspects of the cord), a statistically significant difference was found regarding the prevalence of motor affection among the patients in both sub-groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Despite being reliable and clinically valid, the Kang grading system needs revision of the use of sagittal T2 images only as well as the definition of grade 2. We showed that the current definition of grade 2 to be rather broad, putting a wide array of patients into a single category. Sub-dividing it might increase the accuracy of the grading system.
An exposure-based implementation strategy to decrease clinician anxiety about implementing suicide prevention evidence-based practices: protocol for development and pilot testing (Project CALMER)
Authors: Becker-Haimes Emily M. , Brady Megan , Jamison Jesslyn , Jager-Hyman Shari , Reilly Megan E. , Patel Esha , Brown Gregory K. , Mandell David S. , Oquendo Maria A.
Published: November 2023

Background

Clinicians often report that their own anxiety and low self-efficacy inhibit their use of evidence-based suicide prevention practices, including gold-standard screening and brief interventions. Exposure therapy to reduce clinician maladaptive anxiety and bolster self-efficacy use is a compelling but untested approach to improving the implementation of suicide prevention evidence-based practices (EBPs). This project brings together an interdisciplinary team to leverage decades of research on behavior change from exposure theory to design and pilot test an exposure-based implementation strategy (EBIS) to target clinician anxiety to improve suicide prevention EBP implementation.

Methods

We will develop, iteratively refine, and pilot test an EBIS paired with implementation as usual (IAU; didactic training and consultation) in preparation for a larger study of the effect of this strategy on reducing clinician anxiety, improving self-efficacy, and increasing use of the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale and the Safety Planning Intervention in outpatient mental health settings. Aim 1 of this study is to use participatory design methods to develop and refine the EBIS in collaboration with a stakeholder advisory board. Aim 2 is to iteratively refine the EBIS with up to 15 clinicians in a pilot field test using rapid cycle prototyping. Aim 3 is to test the refined EBIS in a pilot implementation trial. Forty community mental health clinicians will be randomized 1:1 to receive either IAU or IAU + EBIS for 12 weeks. Our primary outcomes are EBIS acceptability and feasibility, measured through questionnaires, interviews, and recruitment and retention statistics. Secondary outcomes are the engagement of target implementation mechanisms (clinician anxiety and self-efficacy related to implementation) and preliminary effectiveness of EBIS on implementation outcomes (adoption and fidelity) assessed via mixed methods (questionnaires, chart-stimulated recall, observer-coded role plays, and interviews).

Discussion

Outcomes from this study will yield insight into the feasibility and utility of directly targeting clinician anxiety and self-efficacy as mechanistic processes informing the implementation of suicide prevention EBPs. Results will inform a fully powered hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial to test EBIS’ effect on implementation and patient outcomes.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT05172609. Registered on 12/29/2021.
Δημόσιες πολιτικές και κρατικές παρεμβάσεις στη σύγχρονη τέχνη κατά την περίοδο της μεταπολίτευσης
Authors: Μάκκας Σπυρίδων
Published: November 2023

Στην παρούσα εργασία διερευνώνται οι ιδεολογικές πτυχές της δημόσιας πολιτικής στον χώρο της σύγχρονης εικαστικής δημιουργίας από το 1967 και την περίοδο της δικτατορίας των Συνταγματαρχών έως τα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ’80. Οι συγκεκριμένες πολιτικές εκφράστηκαν μέσα από προγραμματικές διακηρύξεις, νομοθετικές παρεμβάσεις, δικτύωση με εξωθεσμικές δράσεις, πρωτοβουλίες σε σχέση με την παραγωγή, διακίνηση και πρόσληψη της καλλιτεχνικής δημιουργίας, επιλογές προσώπων, κρατικές οργανωτικές δομές, συγκρότηση επιτροπών, απονομή καλλιτεχνικών συντάξεων και βραβείων, επιχορηγήσεις φορέων, αγορές έργων τέχνης και συμμετοχές Ελλήνων καλλιτεχνών και τεχνοκριτικών σε εγχώριες και διεθνείς εκθέσεις. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, επίσης, καταγράφονται οι κριτικές και οι προσδοκίες των ανθρώπων της τέχνης από τους θεσμούς και το κράτος, η ανάλυση των οποίων συνιστά μια άλλη οπτική για την κατανόηση των ιδεολογικών παραμέτρων στο σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση της δημόσιας πολιτιστικής πολιτικής. Η σχετική έρευνα στηρίζεται κυρίως στο διοικητικό αρχείο (αποφάσεις, εισηγήσεις, ενημερωτικά σημειώματα εσωτερικής αλληλογραφίας, εγκύκλιοι, νομοθεσία, πρακτικά επιτροπών, αλληλογραφία με καλλιτέχνες, θεωρητικούς, εκπροσώπους προξενικών αρχών και άλλων κρατικών φορέων, έγγραφα οικονομικής διαχείρισης, δημοσιεύματα, κατάλογοι εκθέσεων, κλπ.), που τηρείται από το 1960 στη Διεύθυνση Εικαστικών, Αρχιτεκτονικής, Φωτογραφίας και Μουσείων Σύγχρονου Πολιτισμού του Υπουργείου Πολιτισμού. Παράλληλα, χρησιμοποιήθηκε υλικό από τα αρχεία του Ινστιτούτου Σύγχρονης Ελληνικής Τέχνης, ενώ σημαντικά στοιχεία αντλήθηκαν από σχετικά δημοσιεύματα του Τύπου της εποχής και από εξειδικευμένη αρθρογραφία και βιβλιογραφία.
The Jamaica Salt Consumption Study Protocol: Sodium Intake; Sodium Content in Restaurant Foods; Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices; Spot Urine Sodium Validation
Authors: Ferguson Trevor S. , Webster-Kerr Karen , Tulloch-Reid Marshall K. , Bennett Nadia R. , Ho James , Davidson Tamu , Grant Andriene , Gordon-Johnson Kelly-Ann , Govia Ishtar , Soares-Wynter Suzanne , Younger-Coleman Novie , McKenzie Joette , Walker Evelyn , Anderson Simon , Edwards Sharmaine , Spence Simone
Published: November 2023

Background Excess dietary salt consumption is a major contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Public education programs on the dangers of high salt intake, and population level interventions to reduce the salt content in foods are possible strategies to address this problem. In Jamaica, there are limited data on the levels of salt consumption and the population’s knowledge and practices with regards to salt consumption. This study therefore aims to obtain baseline data on salt consumption, salt content in foods sold in restaurants, and evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jamaicans regarding salt consumption. Methods The study is divided into four components. Component 1 will be a secondary analysis of data on urinary sodium from spot urine samples collected as part of a national survey, the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2016-2017. Component 2 will be a survey of chain and non-chain restaurants in Jamaica, to estimate the sodium content of foods sold in restaurants. Component 3 is another national survey, this time on a sample 1,200 individuals to obtain data on knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding salt consumption and estimation of urinary sodium excretion. Component 4 is a validation study to assess the level of agreement between spot urine sodium estimates and 24-hour urinary sodium from 120 individuals from Component 3. Discussion This study will provide important baseline data on salt consumption in Jamaica and will fulfil the first components of the World Health Organization SHAKE Technical Package for Salt Reduction. The findings will serve as a guide to Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness in the development of a national salt reduction program. Findings will also inform interventions to promote individual and population level sodium reduction strategies as the country seeks to achieve the national target of a 30% reduction in salt consumption by 2025.
Strategic palmar trimming before conventional shoeing shows potential for managing underrun heels in horses
Authors: Poochipakorn Chanoknun , Sanigavatee Kanokpan , Wonghanchao Thita , Huangsaksri Onjira , Chanda Metha
Published: November 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential of strategic palmar trimming before conventional shoeing for managing hoof malconformation in horses with underrun heels.

Methods: Eleven affected horses were divided into control (5 horses with 14 defective hooves) and experimental (6 horses with 16 defective hooves) groups. The experimental group underwent strategic palmar trimming before conventional shoeing, while the control horses received regular trimming before traditional shoeing. Dorsal hoof wall angle (DHWA)/heel angle (HA) ratios, heel-bulb distance, and six parallel lines indicating solar surface dimension were determined before, and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 weeks of the different farriery protocols. Palmar trimming distance was only measured in experimental horses.

Results: A group-by-time interaction was observed for DHWA/HA ratios and solar surface dimension. Separate effects for group and time were observed in the heel–bulb distance. A modification in hoof conformation was detected at 25-30 weeks only in horses in the experimental group, including decreases in DHWA/HA ratio, heel–bulb distance, and palmar trimming distance, coinciding with an increase in palmar width of trimmed hooves.

Conclusions: Different trimming protocols produced a different effect on hoof conformation. Therefore, tactical remedial trimming can potentially control poor hoof conformation in horses with underrun heels.
Barriers and facilitators to older adults’ acceptance of camera-based active and assisted living technologies: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Tham Natalie An Qi , Brady Anne-Marie , Ziefle Martina , Dinsmore John ,   visuAAL - Privacy-Aware and Acceptable Video-Based Technologies and Services for Active and Assisted Living
Published: November 2023

Objective To identify and synthesize evidence on the barriers and facilitators to older adults’ acceptance of camera-based active and assisted living (AAL) technologies in the home. Introduction Camera-based AAL technologies have been heralded as an important solution to population ageing. By leveraging state-of-the-art computer vision techniques, camera-based AAL technologies can secure greater levels of safety, health, and independence for older adults whilst benefiting their desires to age-in-place. However, these technologies face widespread rejection and are at present scarcely used. A critical first step toward enhancing older adults’ acceptance and uptake of camera-based AAL technologies is to understand the barriers and facilitators to their acceptance of said technology. Inclusion criteria This review will consider primary studies reporting data on the barriers and facilitators to the acceptance of camera-based AAL technologies among community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and above. No date or language restrictions will be applied. Methods Following JBI scoping review methodology, key electronic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore) and the grey literature (e.g., Google Scholar) will be searched to locate both unpublished and published articles of relevance. Retrieved citations will undergo independent screening against pre-defined eligibility criteria. Data will be independently extracted and mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework with guidance from a pre-piloted coding manual. Results will be presented in tabular form accompanied by a narrative summary of barriers and facilitators.
Zmowa Robotnicza – powstanie, działalność i likwidacja. Epizod z dziejów rewolucji 1905 r.
Authors: Legieć Jacek
Published: November 2023

W artykule scharakteryzowano funkcjonowanie grupy zbrojnej Zmowa Robotnicza, która działała w ogarniętej rewolucją Warszawie w 1906 r. Niekiedy nazywana jest ona grupą anarchistyczną, a czasami – zwykłą bandą rabunkową. Losy Zmowy stały się również kanwą do rozważań na temat specyfiki działalności politycznych organizacji bojowych w warunkach rewolucji, terroryzmu politycznego i granicy między polityczną walką zbrojną a pospolitym bandytyzmem.
Rozbroić – dozbroić. Akcje rozbrojeniowe, czyli skąd leśni brali broń
Authors: Poleszak Sławomir
Published: November 2023

Oddziały partyzanckie powojennego podziemia niepodległościowego w Polsce przeprowadzały różnego typu akcje zbrojne. W zdecydowanej większości z nich występował jeden element wspólny, czyli odbieranie broni przeciwnikowi. Powodowało to co najmniej krótkotrwałe utrudnienie działalności formacji komunistycznych (np. poważny paraliż posterunków MO w latach 1945–1946), ale przede wszystkim zdobycie broni i amunicji, które były niezbędne dla każdego oddziału partyzanckiego. Sytuacja grup aktywnych w okresie powojennym była pod tym względem o tyle trudniejsza, że nie mogły liczyć na broń ze zrzutów, jak podczas okupacji niemieckiej.
Nightlife Studies
Authors: Nofre Jordi , Garcia-Ruiz Manuel
Published: November 2023

This article attempts to present a comprehensive, synthetic and critical epistemological review of the interdisciplinary field of Nightlife Studies from the late 19th century to the present, unveiling a fascinating interplay between an “alternative cultural approach”, a “community approach” and a “geographical turn” that arose in the mid- to late 2000s. In turn, the article sheds light on the strong commitment that many nightologists showed to the future of nightlife during the pandemic, emphasizing how fundamental nightlife is for community-building, multicultural understanding and socio-emotional well-being at individual and collective levels. In its final part, and more than presenting a new research agenda, the article argues for the need to adopt a “militant/activist socio-environmental approach” that allows shedding light on the old and new challenges and opportunities that exist on the road to promoting a greener, more resilient, inclusive and egalitarian nightlife.
asimetría y dominación: las paradojas de la educación
Authors: García-moriyón Félix
Published: November 2023

La práctica del diálogo filosófico propuesta por el programa Filosofía para Niños implica mantener ese diálogo desde la educación primaria, incluso antes. El díalogo filosófico, partiendo del modelo de los diálogos socráticos, exige el desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico, cogntivamente muy exigente, FpN, desde sus orígenes, insiste en que ese pensamiento debe ir unido a un pensamiento creativo y cuidadoso, entendido cuidadoso como pensamiento que tiene en cuenta la dimensión ética del dialogo riguroso. Por eso mismo, el programa destaca que la educación es una tarea ética, es intrínsecamente moral. Eso se plasma en el esfuerzo por convertir el aula en una comunidad de investigación filosófica, con los compromisos éticos que toda comunidad de investigación exige. Pero la comunidad de investigación se aplica en un contexto en el que hay una relación asimétrica entre alumnado y profesorado, lo que exige especial atención de parte del profesorado en su manera de facilitar el diálogo. El uso de recursos fundamentales en el diálogo como el cuestionamiento y la ironía debe estar regido por esa exigencia de igualdad. La comunidad de investigación filosófica debe prefigurar desde el primer momento una genuina comunidad de diálogo entre iguales, regida por un pensamiento crítico, creativo y cuidadoso.
‘Experience days’: promoting interprofessional collaboration and understanding for postgraduate doctors in training
Authors: Chithiramohan Anita , Prakash Rohan , Dawood Salim , Nurhussien Awolkhier
Published: November 2023

An ‘experience day’ is a novel concept in medical education, targeted at postgraduate doctors in training. In this article, the term postgraduate doctors in training includes all junior doctors, ranging from foundation year level to junior specialist doctors to higher specialist registrars. Experience days offer postgraduate doctors in training the opportunity to shadow other healthcare professionals in their working environment, to enhance their perspective of their role as a clinician and their understanding of the complex interplay of services. The aim is to promote interprofessional collaboration and to encourage consideration of the expectations placed upon members of the multidisciplinary team and reflection on whether these are realistic. Taster days are a well-established educational opportunity for junior doctors, supported by Health Education England. However, there is a paucity of literature concerning shadowing for doctors who have already qualified, or those who wish to shadow services that they work alongside. This article introduces the concept of experience days for postgraduate doctors in training.
From zero trust to total trust in financial services
Authors: Auerbach Stefan
Published: November 2023

Trust is critical in the financial services industry, but it's not something that organisations in this sector can take for granted. Gaining the trust of customers and partners starts with having systems that are highly secure. And the path to that goal might lie in a policy of zero trust.
Redefining identity-first security with observability
Authors: Ellery Wade
Published: November 2023

An identity-first approach to security, based on a zero-trust model, is being widely adopted as the concept of the network perimeter disappears. But many of these projects will fail and others will not achieve the full benefits available. These challenges can be avoided if the organisation is equipped to assess and manage identity data holistically through a capability known as identity observability.
Allelopathic effect of Lantana camara aqueous leaf extract on the seedling germination of Zea mays (maize)
Authors: MISTICA DANIELLE JOY P. , MAGSINO NEIL JULIUS S. , TANJUSAY ZACHARIAH C. , PACLIBAR GICEL CHRISTINE B.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Mistica DJP, Magsino NJS, Tanjusay ZC, Paclibar GCB. 2023. Allelopathic effect of Lantana camara aqueous leaf extract on the seedling germination of Zea mays (maize). Asian J Agric 7: 83-87. Lantana camara L. is an invasive weed rampant in the Philippines and threatens agricultural crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth inhibitory effects of L. camara aqueous leaf extract in seedling germination of Zea mays L. Different concentration levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of the L. camara leaf extracts as compared to the control were administered to the hypochlorite-treated seeds for two weeks. Results showed a significant difference among the treatments in the number of germinated seeds and main shoot and primary root elongation using ANOVA. Furthermore, the t-test revealed that the presence and absence of the aqueous leaf extract in seed germination are significantly different, showing significant inhibitory effects in the number of germinated seeds and the length of the shoot and root when the aqueous leaf extract was present. Moreover, in vitro assay also indicated that the concentration of the aqueous leaf extract is directly proportional to the growth inhibitory effects on seed germination and root and shoot elongation. Therefore, it is recommended to test the allelopathic effect of L. camara aqueous leaf extract in other agricultural crops and its effect on the soil and crop nutrition.
Bilateral Paired Calcaneal Spur: A Rare Entity
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Military Hospital, Ambala, Haryana, India,, Rai Sanjay K , Gupta Tej P ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India,, Rajauria Prashant ,   Department of Hospital Administration, Military Hospital, Ambala Cantt, Haryana, India,, Munde Rohan Satish ,   Department of Orthopedics, SMBT Medical Collage Igatpuri, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Heel pain is one of the most common painful conditions of the foot. There are many causes of heel pain, which are usually associated with calcaneal spurs. Hence, it becomes imperative to diagnose and treat them effectively. The development of calcaneal spur is somewhat not well known but is often said to be developed from inflamed plantar fascia. Heel being weight-bearing part of the body, it is very painful something and adversely affects the activity of daily living. Calcaneal spurs are fibrocartilaginous triangular projections from an insertional area of the plantar fascia. Calcaneal spurs are usually single in number but can vary in size. Paired or double calcaneal spurs are not yet reported in the literature and further, the occurrence of bilateral paired calcaneal spurs is extremely rare too. The aim of this case report is to report the occurrence of bilateral paired or double calcaneal spurs. Case Report: A 56-year-old man presented himself at the orthopedics outpatient department with spontaneous onset bilateral heel pain for the past few months. The pain was more in the morning as soon as he gets up from bed and persisted throughout the day with variable intensity. Conclusion: The presence of calcaneal spur is usually symptomatic and may be asymptomatic sometimes. The presence of symptomatic bilateral paired calcaneal spur is rare and the present case report may be helpful for further study. Keywords: Paired calcaneal spur, calcaneal spur, heel pain, plantar fasciitis.
Understanding the Impacts of COVID Policy Changes on Access to Needed Supports for Families With Children Receiving Medicaid HCBS Waiver Services
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Dean Evan E. , Chapman Richard , Swindler Sean , Smith Heather , Bigler Kayzy
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid policy changes to address new demands on disability service systems. A statewide survey of families of people who received Medicaid funded home- and community-based (HCBS) long-term services and supports (LTSS) in one Midwestern state was conducted to understand (1) utilization of services allowed under the policy change, (2) family’s experiences if their family member with a disability accessed the services, and (3) family’s perspectives on the need for ongoing changes in the future. Overall, the results suggest that a subset of families took advantage of flexibilities introduced into service delivery models during the pandemic, and the changes—when accessed—addressed important needs that a large majority of families that accessed the services hoped would be sustained in the future.