bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Más allá de la felicidad desbordada.
Authors: Cantoral Cancino Diego César , Barrientos Hernández Alan Federico , Ocaña Zúñiga Jesús
Published: February 2025

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca de la manifestación del suicidio en la contemporaneidad. Su encasillamiento a explicaciones causales por parte de las instituciones de salud en el estado de Chiapas, México, que lo abordan desde sustentos biomédicos-psiquiátricos que señalan el padecimiento de la depresión como su causa. Buscan su atención y prevención en ideologías acerca de la felicidad, del éxito y del rendimiento propio de las sociedades neoliberales, capitalistas, competitivas, al servicio del mercado neoliberal globalizado. Por lo tanto, en un primer momento, se realiza el recorrido por diversos pensadores que han tomado al suicidio como objeto de estudio, con la finalidad de rehabilitar los análisis que no lo encasillaron en argumentos simplistas, reduccionistas o ambiguos, para dar cuenta de la complejidad del mismo. Posteriormente, se aborda al sujeto del rendimiento y su relación con la depresión, como fundamento de los discursos de salud mental que invisibilizan los aspectos socioculturales al implementar estrategias de prevención y atención del suicidio, por lo que se expone la situación de las comunidades indígenas, en especial de los tsotsiles, para dar cuenta que no son suficientes para abordarlo.
Remembranzas
Authors: Servando Ortoll
Published: February 2025

Remembranzas or Memories is an apt title for the autobiographical work I am reviewing: It is not an autobiography, which would be a much more meticulous text based on information which its author would review over and over again. These memories are akin to what other authors call memoirs: in them, the author writes what he or she recalls.
Alquimia de la luz en Cine mexicano, cultura popular y literatura del siglo XX
Authors: Delgadillo Zepeda Félix Alejandro
Published: February 2025

El cine mexicano del siglo XX se erige desde la algarabía de la fiesta, el retumbar de los cohetes, desde las danzas folclóricas regionales hasta los bailes de salón, el grito de los mariachis, la ensoñación del carnaval. Pero junto con el vocerío de la fiesta y la celebración, el cine mexicano también ha explorado la nostalgia y la melancolía del Día de Muertos.
PERENCANAAN STRATEGI PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN ORGANISASI KELEMBAGAAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Jannah Faridatul , Listiana Heni , Timamah Iik , Munawwarah Faiqatul
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas pentingnya Rencana Strategis (Renstra) Pendidikan dan Pelatihan (Diklat) dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM) di organisasi pendidikan Islam. Latar belakang penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kualitas SDM, diperlukan perencanaan yang terukur dan terarah, yang mencakup peningkatan kemampuan tenaga pengajar, manajemen, dan staf administrasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis literatur sekunder serta dokumen resmi yang relevan dengan topik pengembangan SDM dalam konteks pendidikan Islam.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Renstra Diklat dirancang untuk memenuhi tantangan globalisasi dengan memperkuat kemampuan SDM dalam mengimplementasikan teknologi pendidikan dan metode pengajaran modern, sekaligus mempertahankan identitas dan nilai-nilai Islam. Pembahasan menyoroti unsur-unsur perencanaan strategis, seperti visi, misi, analisis situasi, serta evaluasi dan monitoring, yang semuanya berperan penting dalam efektivitas program Diklat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengembangan SDM yang berkelanjutan dan terencana melalui Renstra Diklat akan berkontribusi pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan Islam yang kompetitif dan relevan di era modern. Rekomendasi juga diberikan untuk memfokuskan program Diklat pada kebutuhan spesifik yang diidentifikasi melalui analisis situasi yang mendalam, guna mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang diharapkan.
Educating Black Males: A Jamaican Case-Issues, Lessons and Trajectory
Authors: Bennett Franklyn , Pinnock Asburn
Published: February 2025

Underperformance of black Caribbean males has been a long standing phenomenon affecting educational outcomes of men within the lower-strata of society. Experimenting or second chance programmes have been implemented to address this issue but there is limited evidence of their impact. This paper presents the case of the Pre-University Men’s Programme (PUMP) at a teacher education institution in Kingston, Jamaica for the period 2008 to 2020. It was investigated through a semi-qualitative means which incorporated focus group conversations, reflective narratives, interviews and documentary analysis to collect the pertinent data from the men, service providers (facilitators and administrators), stakeholders, programme document and students’ records. This investigation determines PUMP’s effectiveness in terms of realizing the programme objectives as well as adherence to second chance programme standards, an administrative structure and a support system. The findings revealed that PUMP has all the defining characteristics for second chance programmes posited in literature; an acknowledgement of the socio economic benefits to the men who participated in the programmes is undeniable; and an opportunity to recruit male teachers to impact boys at an early age and keep them focused on a tertiary educational track is provided. PUMP is implemented through a functional administrative structure operated by the teacher education institution but a not well defined support system has undermined follow up services for its participants. It is recommended that collaboration with other institutions as well as stakeholders to enhance student recruitment, funding, programme diversity, administration and support would secure programme survival
Il Triage Psichiatrico nell’emergenza-urgenza: revisione della letteratura e proposta di un algoritmo
Authors: Carroni Gloria
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Negli ultimi decenni è stato registrato un notevole aumento dell’incidenza dei disturbi psichiatrici a livello mondiale, accompagnato da un aumentato interesse nel potenziare l’assistenza erogata a livello territoriale e ospedaliero, visto l’impatto fortemente negativo che queste patologie hanno sulla qualità della vita dei pazienti. Sempre più spesso i pazienti con acuzie psichiatriche, si rivolgono ai vari pronto soccorso per ricevere assistenza e supporto immediati; perciò, è necessario che l’infermiere sia in grado di effettuare una valutazione di triage con strumenti adeguati, gestendoli in maniera appropriata.
OBIETTIVI: Obiettivo dello studio è vagliare la letteratura alla ricerca di strumenti di valutazione utilizzati per il triage psichiatrico e successivamente sviluppare una scala di valutazione e un algoritmo evidence-based adattabili al contesto sanitario italiano.
METODI: Dopo aver stabilito i criteri di inclusione ed esclusione è stata eseguita una ricerca bibliografia attraverso le banche dati PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo e Cochrane Library, che ha portato all’inclusione di 16 articoli nella sintesi qualitativa.
RISULTATI: Gli studi analizzati sottolineano l’importanza dell’utilizzo di scale specifiche per il MHT (mental health triage), poiché garantiscono una valutazione oggettiva e standardizzata e l’assegnazione di un livello di priorità corretto, evitando così lunghi tempi di attesa e sovraffollamento che contribuirebbero ad aumentare il distress dei pazienti.

CONCLUSIONI: Sembrerebbe raccomandabile che le realtà ospedaliere si adoperassero per inserire tra i propri protocolli anche strumenti da utilizzare per eseguire il MHT, in quanto, sia pazienti che il personale infermieristico sembrerebbero trarne beneficio.
The Search for Books in Uncharted Territory, c. 800–1500
Authors: Mortensen Lars Boje , Forrai Reka , Keskiaho Jesse , Conti Aidan , Rossetti Matteo , Niskanen Samu , Beullens Pieter , Pade Marianne , Jensen Kristian
Published: February 2025

The twelfth issue of Interfaces: A Journal for Medieval Literatures is a thematic issue guest edited by Reka Forrai. It contains the proceedings of a conference that took place at the University of Southern Denmark in 2022.
Searching for Manuscripts and Running a Business: Printing and the Search for Texts in the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Jensen Kristian
Published: February 2025

This contribution seeks to examine how the commercial production of printed books interacted with the search for manuscripts of texts not otherwise known to survive, during the first fifty years after the European invention of printing. Searching for manuscripts is thus considered from the perspective of it being an economic activity. Producers of manuscript and of printed books alike had to locate and acquire a text to work from. This could range from the easy acquisition of a local exemplar, the acquisition of exemplars from known but distant locations, to the search for texts whose location was unknown, and all the way to the search for exemplars of texts whose survival was uncertain. By exploring the most ambitious types of search within this broader context, we will seek to understand better the circumstances under which the commercial production of printed books could enable a business model, one amongst many, that not only made such a search possible but even required it. We will seek to establish when the associated direct and indirect cost of an ambitious search could be a worthwhile investment, or at least could seem to be. In doing so we also aim to understand more clearly why this could be a potential path towards profit for commercial producers of printed books, while it would have been unviable for commercial producers of manuscript books.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF HAMSTRING VERSES BPTB GRAFT IN ACL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: TAREEN N , AMIN MS , NAQVI AN , NADEEM M , SHOAIB M , KHAN B
Published: February 2025

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common knee injuries requiring surgical intervention. The choice of graft for ACL reconstruction—hamstring or bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB)—remains debatable due to differences in functional outcomes and complications. Objective: To compare the functional outcomes of ACL reconstruction using hamstring and BPTB grafts regarding knee stability, range of motion (ROM), patient satisfaction, and complication rates. Methods: This retrospective study included 150 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction, divided into two groups: 75 received hamstring grafts (Group A), and 75 received BPTB grafts (Group B). Clinical evaluations and patient-reported outcomes were assessed at 6 and 12 months post-surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results: Knee stability was achieved in 90% of patients in the hamstring group and 94% in the BPTB group. Group A demonstrated better ROM recovery (130° ± 5 vs. 125° ± 5) and a lower complication rate (12% vs. 25%). Patient satisfaction was higher in the hamstring group (92% vs. 85%), while return-to-sport rates were slightly higher in the BPTB group (82% vs. 78%). Anterior knee pain was more prevalent in the BPTB group (28% vs. 10%). Conclusion: Both grafts are effective for ACL reconstruction, but each has distinct advantages and limitations. The BPTB graft offers superior initial stability and return-to-sport rates but is associated with higher complications. The hamstring graft provides better ROM, fewer complications, and higher patient satisfaction, making it a preferred choice for smoother rehabilitation. Graft selection should be individualized based on patient needs and activity levels.
Parathyroid Hormone Enhances Primary Stability of Dental Implants and Radiographic Analysis: Randomized, Split-Mouth Clinical Trial
Authors: Mohammed Enas Nihad , Al-Jumaily Hassanien Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Background: Dental implants are a highly effective treatment in modern dentistry and are employed when enough high-quality bones are available to give optimal support and long-term success in restoring function. No material meets all the criteria to be considered the ideal graft. Parathyroid hormone, specifically PTH1-34, offers a promising and efficient approach to enhancing bone regeneration. Objective: To evaluate the effect of PTH with bone graft on socket preservation in radiographical assessment and primary stability of the implant. Methods: This study included 16 patients with 32 sockets; 16 received xenograft only, and 16 received xenograft with PTH after tooth extraction. The bone height and width of the socket were measured after extraction and before placing the implant using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The implant stability was measured using Osstell® (ISQ) and was recorded immediately. Results: After a 4-month follow-up period, the reduction of buccal bone height (BBH), labial bone height (LBH), and horizontal bone width (HBW) between the group of bone grafts only, and the bone graft with PTH group was statistically non-significant. Additionally, highly significant primary stability in the PTH group. Conclusions: The use of xenograft and PTH (1–34) can enhance the primary stability of the implant and recovery of cortical and cancellous bone surrounding dental implants.
Variation of the seed and foliar phenolic contents of five wild forms of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Pérez-Salinas Shaila Nayeli , Torres Ricario Rene , Rodarte Rodríguez Nancy Nohemí , Salas Ayala Heberto Iván , Wallander Compeán Liliana
Published: February 2025

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the seed and foliar phenolic composition from populations of wild Phaseolus vulgaris of Durango, Mexico. Seeds and leaves extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD, and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Analysis of variance were used to determine the capacity of the phenolic contents to discriminate between samples, the data were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The population with the highest content of phenolic compounds in both seed and leaves was the wild population of Nuevo Ideal and those that accumulated the lowest content of these compounds were Nombre de Dios and Canatlán. A total of 37 phenolic compounds in both seed and leaves from wild common bean were identified by HPLC–DAD. Wild species are important for the conservation of biodiversity, and for the genetic improvement of new varieties. Likewise, they could be used as forage, food or medicine, due to the high content of phytochemicals in seeds and leaf tissue, therefore, the information generated is relevant to knowledge about the characterization and diversity of wild Phaseolus species.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v19i1.1691
Subclass of uniformly starlike functions associated with a linear operator whose coefficients are the reciprocal Gamma function
Authors:   College of Applied and Health Sciences, A'Sharqiyah University, Post Box No. 42, Post Code No. 400 Ibra, Sultanate of Oman, Jamal Jamal
Published: February 2025

This study, aims to consider the coefficients of the reciprocal Gamma function in order introduce a linear operator by the means of Hadamard product. Thus, we define a new subclass of uniformly starlike functions of order 𝛼, Γ−1(𝛼). Further, we obtain coefficient estimates, distortion theorems, convex linear combinations and radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity for functions 𝑓∈Γ−1(𝛼). In addition, we investigate the inclusion conditions for the Hadamard product and the Integral transform.
Fixed Points Results in Algebra Fuzzy Metric Space with an Application to Integral Equations
Authors:   Branch of Mathematics and Computer Applications, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Jaafer Jaafer ,   Department of Mathematics College of Education Mustansiriyah University, Iraq,   General Directorate of Curricula. Moe. Iraq, Eidi Jaafer Hmood , ALallak Hussein S.
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a new class of mappings termed (α̂,β̂)−Ω-contraction mapping (briefly, (α̂,β̂)−Ω−CMt;) and establishes certain fixed-point (FP) results in the framework of Algebra fuzzy metric space. Additionally, we expanded our results to include the existence of a nonlinear integral equation solution. Results from this study improve, expand and generalization certain previously published results in the literature.
The influence of Two Surface Treatment Techniques with Different Adhesive Systems on the Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin Repair Shaban A. Aml
Authors: Shaban Aml
Published: February 2025

purpose: To evaluate the influence of different adhesive application protocols with two surface treatment methods on the shear bond strength of aged composite repair.
Material and methods: 90 cylindrical shaped samples (8mm × 4mm) were prepared from Estelite Sigma Quick composite resin, After the thermocycling thesamples were divided into two main groups according to the surface treatment and then each group were further subdivided to five groups according to bonding procedures. For the repair, the same brand of old composite with same shade was used. Then the shear bond strength test was completed by the Universal Testing Machine. For statistical analysis the IBM SPSS statistics program was used (SPSS IBM, Turkey).
 Results: There was statistical significant difference between the shear bond strength values in Mpa among all sub-groups.
conclusion: The shear bond strength obtained by the mechanical surface grinding with diamond bur is statistically significant higher than that obtained with air abrasion surface treatment. The combination of universal adhesive system or two-step self-etch adhesive system and grinding with diamond bur for repair procedures provide the highest values of SBS.
Nutritional status of anemic and non-anemic mothers, and outcomes of neonates born at Zawia Medical Center – Libya.
Authors: Alwan Obaid , Elfzzani Zenab , Mahfoud Adel , Alrnawouti Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Background: Anemia is a common medical disorder during pregnancy, especially in third world countries like Libya. Iron deficiency during pregnancy may be attributed to health problems and malnutrition during pregnancy.
Objectives: To determine hemoglobin levels in umbilical cord blood and to evaluate the relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration and perinatal outcomes in Zawia Medical Center. 
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 81 pregnant women who were admitted to the maternity ward of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Zawia Medical Center from 2 July 2023 to 20 September 2023. Blood samples were collected from women in labor in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes. Immediately, after blood samples were collected, a complete blood count (CBC) test was performed, and in the same context, cord blood samples were examined.
Results: The hemoglobin values of anemic and non-anemic mothers and their neonates were 9.33 ± 1.01 g/dL and 14.44 ± 1.26 g/dL, and 12.12 ± 1.51 g/dL and 14.37 ± 2.10 g/dL, respectively. Moderate anemia was the most commonly observed in the population of this study (24.69%), followed by mild anemia (27.16%) and severe anemia (1.24%). There was a significant correlation between maternal hemoglobin concentration and cord blood hemoglobin concentration (p-value ≤ 0.05). In addition, the study showed that Libyan pregnant mothers concentrate more on consuming traditional local food, some of which is poor in micronutrients.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the average hemoglobin in newborns was lower than the values reported by many other studies. It also showed that there is a linear relationship between maternal and umbilical cord hemoglobin.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Video Games Pamali
Authors: Pradana Septian Titus Alta , Septiawan Santana Kurnia  , Maryani Anne
Published: February 2025

Indonesia is one of the world's video game commodity markets. Reported by We Social, the percentage of video game players in Indonesia reached 94.5% with an age range of 15 to 64 years. This makes local game developers and game publishers compete with each other for attention or players from their own countries. This study uses a qualitative case study method to dissect the marketing communication strategy of PAMALI's video game. The subject of the study is StoryTale Studios as an indie game publisher involved in the marketing of the PAMALI video game. Data collection for case studies is in the form of documents, archival records, interviews, observations, and physical tools. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by data reduction measures, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that StoryTale Studio, which operates independently, has limitations in terms of funding. The funds they have are only enough for the development of PAMALI, but this does not stop their marketing because of the high community approach and also cooperation with content creators organically and without pay, making the name of PAMALI quite rapid and receiving the attention of many parties. Indirectly, StoryTale has how to apply the concept of a flywheel marketing communication strategy that prioritizes the customer experience and does not only rely on paid promotions but also customers. Satisfaction is one of the effective ways that StoryTale Studio can provide and the results are quite successful.
Comparing Reading Aloud and Silent Reading Strategies in Enhancing Reading Comprehension Among Elementary Students
Authors: M. Habibie  , Winta Lasti Rahma
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of using reading aloud and sustained silent reading strategies on the ability to explain reading content in terms of the opinions/perceptions of high-grade students. This research uses a qualitative approach, with a type of research that is descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques in this study consisted of (1) an assessment of the ability to explain the content of the reading, (2) interviews with students regarding their perceptions when reading using the reading aloud strategy and sustained silent reading strategy, and (3) documenting the process of reading texts. Based on these data collection techniques, the research instruments used consisted of (1) assessment sheets for the ability to explain reading content, (2) structured interview guide sheets, and (3) documentation of students' reading processes. This research was conducted by Rumbel Azmi Falah Al-mulk, where the research subjects were grade 5 students. The results were based on the student's ability to explain the contents of the reading again and from the interviews that had been conducted related to the comparison between reading aloud and sustained silent reading strategies on the ability to explain the contents. It can be concluded that the sustained silent reading strategy is more effective when used in learning because it makes it easier for students to understand and explain the contents of the reading again.
Exploring Kampung Inggris Pare: Indonesia's Foremost English Learning Hub
Authors: Ruminda Ruminda , Isana Widiati
Published: February 2025

This article is aimed to describe Kampung Inggris Pare as the center of the largest foreign language learning destination in Indonesia and how the method used in this learning centre. There are some languages learned here, such as, English, Arabic, Korean, and Mandarin, but English is the most popular as it is mostly searched for and preferred by the language learners. Kampung Inggris Pare, which was originally pioneered by Mr. Kalend Osen in 1977 with a  simple learning concept, has now grown rapidly to be able to spread its wings with the proliferation of English language courses in the region. The role of Kampung English Pare in helping many foreign language learners, especially English learners, from 1977 up to present, has attracted the attention of the researchers to find out more about the learning methods used. With qualitative descriptive research methods, this study shows that there is a change in learning  methods from the beginning of the founding of Kampung Inggris Pare up till now.
Assessment of Learning Evaluation Strategies in Compliance with KMA No. 450/2024: Case Study of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Wahyuni Hilda , Nasir Muhammad , Bashith Abdul
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the strategies used in implementing learning evaluation at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah based on the Minister of Religious Affairs Decree (KMA) No. 450 of 2024. The research employs a literature review method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings reveal that KMA No. 450 of 2024 is a guideline for implementing the independent curriculum in educational institutions under the Ministry of Religious Affairs, integrating Islamic values as a distinctive characteristic of education in madrasahs. The implementation strategy for learning evaluation in Madrasahs, guided by KMA No. 450 of 2024, aligns with the assessment strategies of the independent curriculum, utilizing assessment methods adapted to Madrasah-specific educational values. The types of assessment applied include diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments. Meanwhile, evaluation techniques include observation, performance appraisal, written tests, oral tests, and portfolios through the Project for Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila and Rahmatan lil Alamin Learners (P5-PPRA).
Mental and Emotional Preparation of Early Childhood in Transition to Primary School
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: February 2025

This study explores the role of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) teachers in mentally and emotionally preparing children for the transition to elementary school. With a qualitative approach and case study design, the study identifies various challenges that children face, including anxiety, lack of confidence, and difficulty adapting, which can arise from a lack of adequate preparation. The findings suggest that inadequacy in preparation can degrade a child's social status and trigger behaviors of helplessness and cunning. Therefore, educators and parents must provide appropriate support to help children navigate this transition better. This research is expected to provide insights for developing more effective policies and practices supporting early childhood readiness in the new school environment.
Strengthening Moral Values Through Religious Knowledge Integration: Insights from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Nurhidayati Siti , Sentosa Sedya
Published: February 2025

This study explores the significance of integrating Islamic religious knowledge into moral value education for students aged 7–8 years in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. At this critical stage of character development, understanding moral values is essential. An integrative approach ensures that religious knowledge is not only taught as theoretical content but also serves as a practical guide for daily behavior. The teaching methods employed include thematic learning, case studies, and creative projects designed to engage students and deepen their comprehension. The findings reveal that effective integration of religious knowledge and moral education helps students internalize virtuous character traits and equips them to interact positively within society. This research contributes to the development of a more holistic and relevant curriculum in the context of Islamic education.
Peran Moderasi Kepribadian Proaktif dalam Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru di Madrasah
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Mundiri Akmal
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berfokus pada mengkaji peran kepribadian proaktif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru di Madrasah, dengan studi kasus di MI Hasanuddin Krajan, Satreyan, Kec. Maron, Kabupaten Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memahami bagaimana kepribadian proaktif guru dapat dimoderasi oleh berbagai kegiatan dan program pendidikan yang difasilitasi oleh lembaga, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi dan kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan diri. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang melibatkan teknik pengumpulan data seperti wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan hubungan antar tema. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru dengan kepribadian proaktif lebih cenderung untuk meningkatkan kualifikasi akademik mereka ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi, berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan pengembangan profesional, dan mengimplementasikan metode pengajaran inovatif di kelas. Kepribadian proaktif juga berperan penting dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan komitmen guru terhadap pengembangan diri, yang didukung oleh kepemimpinan yang proaktif dan lingkungan sekolah yang mendukung. Selain itu, kegiatan seperti KKG, pelatihan, dan seminar terbukti efektif dalam memoderasi hubungan antara kepribadian proaktif dan peningkatan kompetensi guru. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga pendidikan perlu terus mengembangkan program dan kegiatan yang mendorong kepribadian proaktif, memberikan kesempatan bagi guru untuk berpartisipasi aktif, dan memberikan apresiasi yang layak atas prestasi mereka. Dengan demikian, diharapkan kompetensi guru dapat terus meningkat, yang pada akhirnya akan berdampak positif terhadap kualitas pendidikan di Madrasah.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam terhadap Akhlak Karimah (Karakter) Siswa di SDN 03 Sukorejo
Authors: Ratnasari Khurin In , Sholihah Mar’atus , Shalihah Imra’atus , Kholid Feri Nur Ilham
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan karakter menjadi tujuan utama dalam dunia pendidikan saat ini, termasuk dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Pendekatan holistik dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam dapat memberikan pengaruh positif pada pembentukan karakter siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam yang diterapkan di sekolah-sekolah memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap pembentukan karakter siswa. Namun demikian, masih banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam. Penelitian ini berhasil menyimpulkan bahwa hasil Uji pretest danposttest pada kelas eksperimen  dengan menggunanakan uji Paired  t-test ditemukan adanya nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000  nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai Sig (2-tailed) < 0,05 hingga Hipotesis Alternative (Ha) diterima dan Hipotesis Nol (H0) ditolak. Kemudian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam terhadap karakter siswa di SDN Sukorejo 03.
Women’s Empowerment Activities in Rural Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Md. Harunur , Sultana Yasmin
Published: February 2025

Empowerment of women in rural areas is a pressing issue in the context of Bangladesh. In this regard, the Department of Social Services (DSS) has initiated the Rural Mother Center (RMC) program. The main goal of this program is the development and empowerment of women who reside in rural areas. It organizes disadvantaged, poor and troubled women to alleviate family-based poverty. Through its activities, women’s skills are enhanced, opportunities for self-employment are created, and their participation in economic activities and family decision-making is ensured. They are enabled to make small and large purchases, and they are made aware of education, health and nutrition. Their ability to resist domestic violence has increased. Women’s freedom of movement is ensured. Considering human resources, the RMC program is included in the revenue budget as a regular government program. The RMC Program contributes significantly to the development of women in achieving the UN-declared Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the National Women’s Development Policy-2011, the National Social Security Strategy Paper (NSSS) and the 8th Five Year Plan of the Government. The basic objective of the study is to analyze the role of the RMC in empowering women and to make recommendations on how to make this program more effective. Mixed methods are used in this study; both quantitative and qualitative methods have been applied. As Bangladesh is a poor country, the study selects four of the most poverty-stricken upazilas and four of the least poverty-stricken upazilas. A survey method is conducted for quantitative data collection. On the other hand, for qualitative data collection, focus group discussions (FGDs), case studies, and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted to explore the depth of the problems. Through the survey, the socio-economic development of women over the past two years is examined. Trade-based training should be arranged for them. Trade-based training should be arranged for them. Data were collected regarding the challenges in empowering rural women and the respondents’ recommendations to overcome these challenges. Quantitative data were collected from a total of 160 women selected from eight upazilas. In this case, divorcees, widows, victims of abuse and torture, and the destitute are included. Qualitative data were collected using the objective guidelines of the research. To empower the working group members, the loan amount should be increased from BDT 50,000 to BDT 100,000. The loan repayment period should be changed from one year to two years.
The Dismantling of the Energy Charter Treaty
Authors: Lavranos Nikos
Published: February 2025

This article provides an overview of how the organs of the EU, in particular the European Commission (EC) and the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) together with the EU Member States, have effectively dismantled the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) in a time span of only a few years. The analysis tracks the efforts of the EC as amicus curiae intervenor in multiple international arbitral proceedings and the CJEU’s jurisprudence, which expanded its Achmea judgment and applied it to the ECT. In addition, the recently announced withdrawal of the EU Member States from the ECT instead of signing the revised ECT text, has plunged the very existence of the ECT into serious doubt. The author concludes that the dismantling of the ECT, and thus removal of any investment protection, will be counterproductive for attracting the massive amount of investments needed for the renewable energy sector.
OpenAI’s Transformation: From a Non-profit to a 157 Billion Valuation
Authors: Andhov (Horváthová) Alexandra
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:
"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:AdvOTecfccdcf_I"The
transformation of OpenAI from its altruistic non-profit origins to a
commercially-driven entity valued at over USD 157 billion in October 2024
represents a significant paradigm shift in the artificial intelligence (A)I
industry. Established in 2015 with the aim of developing AI for the greater
good and providing open-source resources, OpenAI has since pivoted to a
profit-generating model, underscored by a strategic partnership withMicrosoft.
This evolution has raised questions about the stewardship of data initially
gathered under its non-profit model, intellectual property rights, and
financial strategies to optimize tax positions. A pivotal moment in OpenAI/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf.I+20",sans-serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf\.I+20""’/spanspan style="font-size:
10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:
AdvOTecfccdcf_I"s trajectory was the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022, which
rapidly acquired 100 million users, surpassing the adoption rates of social
media like TikTok and Instagram. This article delves into OpenAI/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf.I+20",sans-serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf\.I+20""’/spanspan style="font-size:
10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:
AdvOTecfccdcf_I"s transition, examining the ethical and strategic dimensions of
moving from a non-profit through a capped-profit model to a fully commercial
approach, scrutinizing the role and alignment of its board members with the
organization/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:
"AdvOTecfccdcf.I+20",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf\.I+20""’/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:AdvOTecfccdcf_I"s mission statement. Additionally, the
analysis extends to the implications of OpenAI/spanspan style="font-size:
10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf.I+20",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:
"AdvOTecfccdcf\.I+20""’/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:AdvOTecfccdcf_I"s
alliance with Microsoft, probing potential conflicts with the company/spanspan style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf.I+20",sans-serif;
mso-bidi-font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf\.I+20""’/spanspan style="font-size:
10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:
AdvOTecfccdcf_I"s original mission and values./span o:p/o:p
The Implementation of the Decentralized Autonomous Organizations in the EU Corporate Governance System
Authors: Jonathan Pagano Andrea
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"Technology has played – and continues to play – a pivotal role in the implementation of the corporate and financial economic world. A particularly significant aspect lies in the rise of autonomous automations within the domain of private law. A striking example of this evolution is represented by the increasing establishment of so-called Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (hereinafter DAOs) – true entities whose nature and systematic placement within the corporate context, if any, will be explored in this paper – directly derived from blockchain, managed, and administered through the use of smart contracts. Looking towards the future, provided that DAOs can formally and effectively be integrated into the EU corporate framework, they seem to represent a challenge to the pre-established system by offering an alternative, operational, and autonomous model.
The Human Right to Enforcement: A Critical Analysis of Strasbourg’s Case-Law on Unenforced Arbitral Awards
Authors: Fahner Johannes Hendrik
Published: February 2025

The European Court of Human Rights has repeatedly held that the refusal of a Member State court to recognize and enforce an arbitral award may violate the award-holder’s property rights under Article 1 of Protocol 1 to the European Convention on Human Rights. This contribution discusses the Court's growing case-law on unenforced awards. It argues that the framework developed by the Court in this context should be better aligned with the international standards governing the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards, and that the Court’s review should focus on whether a Member State court’s decision to annul an award or refuse its enforcement complied with such standards. Under Article 1 of Protocol 1, the Court might make this assessment without the deference that it normally extends to domestic courts when evaluating their interpretation and application of domestic or international law.
Immunities and States’ Alter Egos
Authors: Webb Philippa
Published: February 2025

Comparing the approach to the alter ego doctrine in the United States (US) with approaches taken, in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada, Switzerland and Australia reveals that courts in the US, tend to follow a stringent framework based on a set of factors. By contrast, other jurisdictions, undertake a broad ‘control and functions’ analysis. The Gécamines judgment in the UK has, strengthened the presumption of separate status to a greater degree than seen elsewhere. Moreover,, the UK relies on a matching up of liability and immunity, whereas the US appears to be more, concerned with equity in terms of, for example, the foreign state not benefiting unfairly in the US, legal system. These variations are significant given the huge assets concentrated in state-owned, entities and the question of their availability to satisfy debts owed by the state.
Sovereign Immunity as an Obstacle to Enforcement: The Luxembourg Approach
Authors: Trevisan Fabio , Gaicio-Fievez Aure-Hélène , Mastragostino Francesca
Published: February 2025

The article examines the complex interplay between sovereign immunity and the enforcement of arbitral awards, particularly in Luxembourg. It highlights the distinction between immunity from jurisdiction and execution, as well as their implications for enforcement. Luxembourg courts adopt a restrictive approach to sovereign immunity from jurisdiction and execution. Through and analysis of key international conventions like the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (the 'ICSID' Convention) and New York Conventions, alongside Luxembourg’s procedural rules, their complementary roles in enforcement processes is emphasized. It is furthermore explained that the exequatur procedure – meaning the recognition of an arbitral award as legally binding – is separate from execution, which in turn involves seizing the debtor’s assets. Luxembourg’s judiciary aligns with international standards, ensuring state assets used for sovereign purposes remain protected, while commercial assets may be subject to enforcement. Case law is explored to demonstrate Luxembourg’s pro-arbitration stance, including the conditions under which waivers of immunity are recognized. The article concludes that Luxembourg strikes a balance between upholding sovereign immunity and facilitating enforcement, positioning itself as a reliable forum for arbitration, while safeguarding state sovereignty and creditors’ rights within a stable legal framework.
Towards Sustainable Energy in ECOWAS: Insights from the EU Model of Regional Cooperation for Energy Transition
Authors: Kayode Oniemola Peter , Ejen Eyam Jennifer , O. Bob-Manuel Soibi
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:
"AdvOTecfccdcf_I",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:AdvOTecfccdcf_I"Globally,
the world is pushing for an energy transition to promote sustainability in
order to address the challenges of energy security and climate change. This
article examines the approach of the Economic Community of West African States
(ECOWAS) to sustainable energy with a view to analysing the strategies for
promoting sustainable energy within the ECOWAS Treaty and its relevant
instruments. The upscaling of sustainable energy within the ECOWAS region has
been slow, as there are no binding commitments on Member States, weak
institutional mechanisms, a paucity of funds, disparate levels of energy
productivity, and varied levels of economic development ofMember States, among
other reasons. It emphasizes that it is important for West Africa to take
advantage of regional integration to put in place comprehensive legal instruments
on sustainable energy measures. The European Union (EU), on the other hand, keeping
with the objective of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
(TFEU), has created an enabling environment through its binding instruments,
strengthening of institutional capacity, funding, and expressions of support
for the promotion of sustainable energy. The article proposes ways in which the
ECOWAS could be strengthened to incorporate measures drawing inspiration from
the EU experience while making necessary adjustments to account for its
peculiar circumstances./span o:p/o:p
Revolutionizing Procurement Management in the Oil and Gas Industry: Innovative Strategies and Insights from High-Value Projects
Authors: Fredson Gracetiti , Adebisi Babatunde , Ayorinde Olushola Babatunde , Onukwulu Ekene Cynthia , Adediwin Olugbenga , Ihechere Alexsandra Ogadimma
Published: February 2025

The oil and gas industry operates in a highly dynamic and competitive environment, necessitating innovative procurement strategies to ensure operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. This paper explores groundbreaking approaches to revolutionize procurement management in the oil and gas sector, focusing on lessons learned from high-value projects across the globe. By analyzing contemporary challenges such as volatile market conditions, regulatory compliance, and supply chain disruptions, this study identifies critical areas for improvement and proposes advanced solutions tailored to the unique demands of the industry. The research emphasizes integrating emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and predictive analytics, to enhance procurement processes such as vendor selection, contract management, and risk mitigation. Key strategies highlighted include the adoption of digital procurement platforms, real-time monitoring tools, and data-driven decision-making models to optimize supply chain efficiency and reduce costs. The role of sustainability is also examined, emphasizing green procurement practices and fostering collaboration with environmentally responsible suppliers to align with global energy transition goals. Drawing insights from high-value projects, this paper presents case studies that illustrate the application of these innovative strategies, demonstrating significant improvements in procurement performance, cost savings, and supplier relationships. Furthermore, it addresses the importance of cultivating strong stakeholder engagement and developing a skilled workforce to support the successful implementation of these solutions. The findings underscore the transformative potential of digitalization and sustainability in reshaping procurement management in the oil and gas industry. By embracing these strategies, organizations can not only achieve competitive advantages but also contribute to a more resilient and sustainable global energy ecosystem.
Efficient data delivery through decentralized networks
Authors: Tanveer Hassan , Zahra Namoos , Batool Nimra
Published: February 2025

Now a day, traffic over network is increasing day by day as increase in population and advancement of technology. In today's world, virtualization is spreading very drastically and everyone using internet as network for downloading information in any format like video, audio, text etc, due to which network congestion is also increasing in same ratio for downloading. This congestion is due to the centralization i.e. server where the information is stored will act as a centralized server and everyone across the globe will download from the same server which result in uncountable request and become a cause of network congestion at server side. To resolve such issue, we proposed an approach in which instead of downloading from main server, the same file or information get download from the user who have already downloaded i.e. making the downloading of information distributed over the network. This approach is very helpful in case, if failure of server happens then information gets shared or gets downloaded from distributed sources. This will reduce network congestion very easily and also fasten the downloading time.