bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESPONSE OF LOCAL CANDLENUT GRAIN WITH DIFFERENT DRYING DURATION TO GRAIN YIELD
Authors: Maghfirah  , Mulyanti  , Lukman Martunis  , Imelda
Published: January 2025

Candlenut is a plant that has many uses and can be utilized as a basic ingredient for kitchen spices and pharmaceutical ingredients. The increasing demand for candlenuts from other countries makes farmers in Indonesia increasingly active in making candlenuts as the main crop Candlenut seeds have very high benefits and selling value if they have gone through a good and correct peeling process. This study aims to determine the effect of the length of time drying candlenut seeds processed with a peeling machine on the yield of candlenut grain. This research was conducted in Seulimum Village, Seulimum District, Aceh Besar in April 2024. This study used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) of 4 treatments and 6 replications resulting in 24 experimental units. The parameters observed were the percentage of intact nuclei (%) and the percentage of broken nuclei (%). The results showed that the test treatment of the length of time drying candlenut seeds with sunlight with different intervals of the number of days did not give a significant effect on the percentage of intact candlenuts, and the percentage of broken nuclei.
“There’s Something Wrong with This Place”: Spatial Tension in British Horror Cinema
Authors:   , Bickerdike Kevin Thomas
Published: January 2025

All narratives occur within spaces and places, and yet space remains a marginalised aspect of narrative analysis. Through the use of vague statements concerning space, the concept is reduced to being merely the site of narrative events. And yet more than any other cinematic form, the horror genre utilises space to generate its affects. The genre generates fear and horror through the representation of various tensions, and these include spatial tensions. Space is often an antagonistic device, exerting an influence upon both narrative and characterisation inasmuch as tension is generated through the effect that space has upon the individual. Spaces can code a film as belonging to the genre through their associations with particular emotions; the old dark house; the graveyard. Other tensions are elicited where individuals or groups compete to express meaning onto space. Particular cultural practices are intertwined with spaces in ways that imbue those spaces with a sense of foreboding and danger. Spaces can be used to reflect the psychological state of narrative actors, through aesthetics that are angular and disturbing. Whilst spatial theory is a well-established component of both human geography and philosophy, it is yet to be applied to horror studies through a sustained analysis. This thesis addresses that lack, and is concerned not only with events that occur within particular spaces, but why they occur within those spaces. Through doing so, my intention is to imbue films from within the horror genre with an additional layer of analytical interest
Coconstruire les récits de l’(auto)mobilité : la sociologie visuelle embarquée en convoi
Authors: Brodersen Meike
Published: January 2025

L’alliance des méthodes mobiles et des méthodes visuelles retrouve une actualité renouvelée dans l’étude des mobilités futures. Impératifs écologiques, politiques publiques et annonces d’innovation technologique questionnent les pratiques (auto)mobiles et rendent nécessaire d’appréhender conjointement les mobilités quotidiennes du présent et les imaginaires de l’avenir, et cela en mouvement. Cet article propose la méthode du convoi audiovisuel et automobile pour réaliser une sociologie située et collaborative des mobilités quotidiennes, qui permet d’offrir des prises heuristiques au-delà même de l’analyse sociologique. Le visuel y devient un site d’interaction qui rend explicites les connaissances tacites et compétences situées liées à la mobilité quotidienne ; il permet de documenter et de rendre présente l’épaisseur relationnelle et expérientielle de l’espace du proche. La coconstruction du récit automobile filmé permet de mettre en évidence les modalités spécifiques des socialités locales en tant qu’elles sont imbriquées dans les pratiques de mobilité, y compris par les difficultés et imperfections qui émergent lors de ces embarquements.
Définir le « feuilleton sociologique »
Authors: Thériault Barbara , Pector-Lallemand Jules
Published: January 2025

Il y a dix ans, Sociologie et sociétés (vol. 45, no 2, automne 2013) publiait les premiers textes de sa nouvelle rubrique « Feuilleton », une traduction inédite de trois reportages rédigés en 1926 par Joseph Roth. La création de la rubrique s’inscrivait dans le sillage des travaux d’un groupe de recherche de l’Université de Montréal qui se penchait sur les écrits de Siegfried Kracauer (1889-1966), en particulier ses « feuilletons sociologiques » parus dans les journaux de 1925 à 1933. C’est en organisant des séminaires, en menant des enquêtes sur des phénomènes contemporains et en publiant divers articles et ouvrages sur le thème que ce groupe a mis en branle un programme de recherche sur deux axes : le premier proposant des recherches empiriques inspirées de la démarche de Kracauer ; le second visant une investigation historique sur la naissance de la sociologie et ses liens avec le journalisme. En effet, si cette connexion est visible dans le cas de la sociologie américaine (Lindner, 2007 [1990]), elle l’est moins dans celui de la sociologie classique allemande. Ultimement, ces deux axes tendaient vers un but : renouveler l’écriture sociologique à une époque où la discipline peine parfois à joindre de larges publics, dans un contexte d’omniprésence du regard psychologique et neurobiologique. Dans cet article-bilan, les auteurs définissent le « feuilleton sociologique » sous la forme d’une entrée Wikipédia, afin de préciser les contours de ce terme flou.
Thematics and Poetics of Racism in Pajtim Statovci’s Novels My Cat Yugoslavia and Crossing
Authors: Várkonyi Flóra
Published: January 2025

This article examines two migration novels by Pajtim Statovci, My Cat Yugoslavia and Crossing, through the lens of the themes and poetics of racism. Racism studies are combined with character analysis, using James Phelan’s model as a framework. It is argued that the narrator in Crossing is unreliable, presenting a distinct poetic strategy for conveying anti-racist values compared to the reliable first-person narrator in My Cat Yugoslavia. Additionally, the theme of racism plays a central role in both novels and can be analyzed using concepts from sociological studies of racism. Statovci’s works are societal novels that take a clear anti-racist stance and engage with social discourse on racism and migration.
Classes de palavras na perspectiva da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional: o papel da nominalização no continuum categorial
Authors: Camacho Roberto Gomes
Published: January 2025

Neste livro, Roberto Gomes Camacho enfrenta um problema clássico do Funcionalismo: a questão da categorização linguística, focalizada no modelo em sua natureza contínua, não opositi­va, não negativa. Surgiu daqui a teoria dos protótipos, já bem conhecida no Brasil. Considerando o lado complexo, no sentido de “interligado”, o autor toma como parâmetro as diferenças entre o nome e o verbo, situando a meio caminho o importan­te processo da nominalização, “postulada como constituindo um termo complexo entre os dois outros opostos, tomados como membros prototípicos”. Para comprovar essa postulação, o autor argumenta que as expressões nominalizadas partilham propriedades nominais e verbais, comprovadas, neste caso, pela manutenção da estrutura argumental encontrada no verbo. Com este trabalho, Roberto Gomes Camacho atinge sua plena maturidade intelectual, duramente conquistada ao longo de uma carreira acadêmica exemplar.
Aberrant FGF signaling promotes granule neuron precursor expansion in SHH subgroup infantile medulloblastoma
Authors: Yabut Odessa R , Arela Jessica , Gomez Hector G , Castillo Jesse Garcia , Ngo Thomas , Pleasure Samuel J
Published: January 2025

Mutations in Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway genes, for example, Suppressor of Fused (SUFU), drive granule neuron precursors (GNP) to form medulloblastomas (MBSHH). However, how different molecular lesions in the Shh pathway drive transformation is frequently unclear, and SUFU mutations in the cerebellum seem distinct. In this study, we show that fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) signaling is integral for many infantile MBSHH cases and that FGF5 expression is uniquely upregulated in infantile MBSHH tumors. Similarly, mice lacking SUFU (Sufu-cKO) ectopically express Fgf5 specifically along the secondary fissure where GNPs harbor preneoplastic lesions and show that FGFR signaling is also ectopically activated in this region. Treatment with an FGFR antagonist rescues the severe GNP hyperplasia and restores cerebellar architecture. Thus, direct inhibition of FGF signaling may be a promising and novel therapeutic candidate for infantile MBSHH.
Gamma Knife Stereotactic radiotherapy combined with tislelizumab as later-line therapy in pMMR/MSS/MSI-L metastatic colorectal cancer: A Phase II Trial Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yiran , Guan Hanyang , Liu Shijin , Li Haoquan , Bian Zili , He Jiashuai , Zhao Zhan , Qiu Shenghui , Mo Tianmu , Zhang Xiangwei , Chen Zuyang , Ding Hui , Zhao Xiaoxu , Wang Liang , Pan Yunlong , Pan Jinghua
Published: January 2025

An immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limits the efficacy of immunotherapy, thus patients with MSS and pMMR mCRC often face great challenges.In this phase II trial, patients received Gamma Knife SBRT combined with Tislelizumab. P Biomarker analysis was performed pre- and post-treatment. From November 2022 to July 2024, 13 of 20 patients achieved PR, 6 achieved SD. mPFS was 10.7 months (95% CI, 6.4-15.0). With no grade 4 events noted, common adverse events included nausea (65%), anemia (55%), and fatigue (45%). For patients who had not responded to first and second-line therapies, the combo of Gamma Knife SBRT and tislelizumab showed high efficacy and reasonable safety. Significant post-radiotherapy improvements in the tumor’s immunosuppressive microenvironment. These results imply that patients with pMMR/MSS/MSI-L mCRC who were unresponsive to the first and second-line chemotherapy, Gamma Knife SBRT with tislelizumab provides a safe and powerful later-line treatment alternative.
Integration of parallel pathways for flight control in a hawkmoth reflects prevalence and relevance of natural visual cues
Authors: Bigge Ronja , Grittner Rebecca , Stöckl Anna
Published: January 2025

An animal’s behaviour is the result of multiple neural pathways acting in parallel, receiving information across and within sensory modalities at the same time. How these pathways are integrated, particularly when their individual outputs are in conflict, is key to understanding complex natural behaviours. We investigated this question in the visually guided flight of the hummingbird hawkmoth
Macroglossum stellatarum
. These insects were recently shown to partition their visual field, using ventrolateral optic-flow cues to guide their flight like most insects, while the same stimuli in the dorsal visual field evoke a novel directional response. Using behavioural experiments which set the two pathways into conflict, we tested whether and how the ventrolateral and dorsal pathway integrate to guide hawkmoth flight. Combined with environmental imaging we demonstrate that the partitioning of the visual field followed the prevalence of visual cues in the hawkmoths’ natural habitats, while the integration hierarchy of the two pathways matched the relevance of these cues for the animals’ flight safety, rather than their magnitude in the experimental setup or in natural habitats. These results provide new mechanistic insights into the vision-based flight control of insects, and link these to their natural context. We anticipate our findings to be the starting point for comparative investigations into parallel pathways for flight guidance in insects from differently structured natural habitats.
Machine learning of honey bee olfactory behavior identifies repellent odorants in free flying bees in the field
Authors: Kowalewski Joel , Baer-Imhoof Barbara , Guda Tom , Luy Matthew , DePalma Payton , Baer Boris , Ray Anandasankar
Published: January 2025

Preventing beneficial insects like honey bees (
Apis mellifera
) from contacting pesticides on crops using odorants could counter current pollinator declines. However, the discovery of behaviorally aversive odorants is impeded by the complexity of the honey bee olfactory system where >180 odorant receptors detect volatiles and generate valence. To solve this systems-level challenge we generated a machine-learning model to predict aversive valence from chemical structure using published olfactory behavior data in honey bees. We refine the predictive model by generating species level behavioral data for honeybees and
Drosophila
on an initial set of novel predicted repellents. The improved second computational model was then used to screen a chemical space of >50 million compounds and identify >130 repellent candidates. Behavioral validation using honey bees in the laboratory show a high predictive success. Additional testing of the top seven candidates using freely foraging honey bees in a field assay confirmed strong repellency, thus predicting a high probability to repel foraging bees from pesticide-treated crops. Machine learning, with iterative testing and modeling, therefore provides a powerful approach for rational discovery of aversive volatiles for control of insects for which limited data is available.
TRPV4 overactivation enhances cellular contractility and drives ocular hypertension in TGFβ2 overexpressing eyes
Authors: Rudzitis Christopher N , Lakk Monika , Singh Ayushi , Redmon Sarah N , Kirdajova Denisa , Tseng Yun-Ting , De Ieso Michael L , Stamer W Daniel , Herberg Samuel , Križaj David
Published: January 2025

The risk for developing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) correlates with the magnitude of ocular hypertension (OHT) and the concentration of transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) in the aqueous humor. Effective treatment of POAG requires detailed understanding of interaction between pressure sensing mechanisms in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and biochemical risk factors. Here, we employed molecular, optical, electrophysiological and tonometric strategies to establish the role of TGFβ2 in transcription and functional expression of mechanosensitive channel isoforms alongside studies of TM contractility in biomimetic hydrogels, and intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation in a mouse model of TGFβ2 -induced OHT. TGFβ2 upregulated expression of
TRPV4
and
PIEZO1
transcripts and time-dependently augmented functional TRPV4 activation. TRPV4 activation induced TM contractility whereas pharmacological inhibition suppressed TGFβ2-induced hypercontractility and abrogated OHT in eyes overexpressing TGFβ2.
Trpv4
-deficient mice resisted TGFβ2-driven increases in IOP. Nocturnal OHT was not additive to TGFβ- evoked OHT. Our study establishes the fundamental role of TGFβ as a modulator of mechanosensing in nonexcitable cells, identifies TRPV4 channel as the final common mechanism for TM contractility and circadian and pathological OHT and offers insights future treatments that can lower IOP in the sizeable cohort of hypertensive glaucoma patients that resist current treatments.
Fish CDK2 recruits Dtx4 to degrade TBK1 through ubiquitination in the antiviral response
Authors: Lu Long-Feng , Zhang Can , Li Zhuo-Cong , Cui Bao-Jie , Wang Yang-Yang , Han Ke-Jia , Xu Xiao , Zhou Chu-Jing , Zhou Xiao-Yu , Wu Yue , Xu Na , Yang Xiao-Li , Chen Dan-Dan , Li Xi-Yin , Zhou Li , Li Shun
Published: January 2025

Although the classical biological protein cell cycle protein kinase CDK2 has been extensively studied in higher vertebrates, its function in lower vertebrates beyond the regulation of mitosis remains unknown. In this study, we report a distinct mechanism whereby IFN expression is negatively regulated in fish by CDK2. After infection with the spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), fish CDK2 expression significantly increased in tissues and cells. Moreover, antiviral resistance was improved in
cdk2
−/−
homozygotes, and the antiviral cytokine interferon (IFN) expression was significantly higher. At the cellular level, CDK2 overexpression reduced IFN expression, while
cdk2
knockdown increased the ability of cells to produce IFN. Subsequently, it was discovered that fish CDK2 binds and degrades TBK1, resulting in reduced IFN. CDK2 increases the K48-linked ubiquitination of TBK1, causing its degradation, while E3 ubiquitin ligase Dtx4 was found to be involved in this process following the significant enhancement of TBK1 K48-linked ubiquitination. Protein mass spectrometry and immunoblot analysis confirmed that the K567 site on TBK1 is essential for CDK2 to engage with Dtx4 and degrade TBK1; thus, after mutating the K567 site, K48-linked ubiquitination of TBK1 was not enhanced by Dtx4, and TBK1 was not degraded by CDK2. Our data demonstrate that fish CDK2 recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase Dtx4 to target the K567 site of TBK1 and promote its degradation. These results suggest that CDK2 in lower vertebrates is implicated in a specialized role for antiviral innate immunity.
ATP burst is the dominant driver of antibiotic lethality in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: Lodhiya Tejan , Palande Aseem , Veeram Anjali , Larrouy-Maumus Gerald , Beste Dany JV , Mukherjee Raju
Published: January 2025

Antibiotic-tolerant bacteria, due to their unique physiology, are refractory to antimicrobial killing and pose challenges for infection control. Incomplete knowledge of how bactericidal antibiotics work, limits our understanding of partial resistance due to phenotypic tolerance in mycobacteria, a driver for developing genetic resistance. Using proteomics,
13
C isotopomer analysis, genetic and biochemical assays, we investigated the physiological response of
M. smegmatis
challenged with aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Two distinct classes of antibiotics elicited remarkably similar responses and increased flux through the TCA cycle, causing enhanced respiration, ROS generation, and ATP burst. We observed that excessive ATP levels and not ROS, dominantly contributes to cidality, which may in part be, conferred by sequestration of divalent metal ions by ATP. Consequently,
13
C isotope tracing indicated TCA cycle flux deviation from its oxidative arm as a bacterial adaptive mechanism, which also included activated intrinsic resistance and a higher propensity to develop antibiotic resistance. Our study provides a new understanding of the intricate mechanisms of antibiotic-induced cell death and expands the current paradigm for antibiotic action.
Desempenho fisiológico de sementes de soja oriundas com alto e baixo vigor, de diferentes cultivares, submetidas ao estresse por alagamento
Authors: Konzen Luis Henrique , Madruga Natalia Pedra , Martins Angelita Celente , Rossetti Cristina , Tremea Marta Gubert , Tunes Lilian Madruga
Published: January 2025

A condição de alagamento do solo é considerada como um dos principais estresses abióticos em diversos ecossistemas, causando decréscimos no potencial genético de crescimento e rendimento das plantas. Sementes com alto vigor resultam em plântulas fortes, vigorosas, com maior desenvolvimento e que se estabelecem melhor frente às diferentes condições edafoclimáticas impostas. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado com objetivo de avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas, em função do vigor inicial das sementes, de diferentes cultivares, submetidas ao estresse por alagamento do solo em diferentes estádios fenológicos da cultura. O ensaio foi realizado na safra 2019/2020, utilizando sementes de soja com variações de vigor obtidas em condições controladas, das cultivares NA5909RG, NS6209RR, TMG7363RR e TECIRGA6070RR. O estresse por alagamento do solo influi negativamente no desempenho das plantas de soja, podendo ocasionar reduções na qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas. A expressão, e a intensidade de resposta do vigor inicial das sementes sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes produzidas por plantas de soja submetidas ao estresse por alagamento é dependente do genótipo.
O efeito da capacidade de produção e refino de petróleo na arrecadação do governo
Authors: Garcia Wilnalia Souza , Nunes Géssica Rafaela Guimarães , Ribeiro Michel Carvalho
Published: January 2025

O setor petrolífero é um fator potencial de crescimento nas economias dos países produtores de petróleo, o qual contribui para a geração de receita. No entanto, essa receita nem sempre promove efetivamente o crescimento econômico. Isso pode estar relacionado ao comércio internacional de petróleo, onde um país pode ter vantagem comparativa devido à abundância desse recurso natural ou à sua riqueza de capital. O estudo tem como objetivo identificar como a capacidade de produção e de refino de petróleo influenciam a arrecadação dos países, bem como a forma como a maior capacidade da produção e refino, de forma conjunta, afeta a receita. Foram estimados modelos de regressão linear múltipla, controlados por efeitos fixos. Os resultados revelaram que quanto maior o potencial de produzir ou refinar, maior o montante de receita arrecadada. Além disso, países com capacidade de produção de petróleo têm maiores receitas, quando também possuem maior capacidade de refino. Essa integração se traduz na otimização dos recursos disponíveis, estimulando a produtividade e a geração de renda para os países. Os resultados se mostram relevante para os formuladores de políticas públicas, ao trazer respostas quanto à maneira como a capacidade de produção e de refino dos países pode ser relevante no montante de receitas arrecadadas, sendo capaz de antecipar o que se esperar das arrecadações.
Gestão pública baseada nos serviços de atendimento integrado ao cidadão: uma revisão exploratória e integrativa de literatura sobre a implementação do Poupatempo no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Vieira Camila de Souza , Santos Glicia Vieira dos
Published: January 2025

[Introdução] O modelo de serviço público reconhecido como balcão único foi implementado em mais de 70 países gerando modernização e colaborando com a eficiência da Administração Pública. Iniciativas como o Poupatempo evidenciam o potencial do one-stop shop na gestão pública brasileira e com uso da tecnologia o governo proporciona experiências mais consistentes aos cidadãos. [Objetivo] Realizar uma revisão sistemática integrativa de literatura para identificar os autores que pesquisaram, no período de 1997-2023, a implementação do modelo de gestão de serviços públicos ao cidadão associado ao Poupatempo e quais os principais eixos de investigação em torno deste tema/debate. [Método] Foi realizada uma busca por periódicos científicos na base de dados Web Of Science e Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Os critérios de inclusão contemplam artigos científicos e livros publicados entre 1997 e 2023, revisados por pares, nos idiomas português e em inglês, com acesso aberto, leitura dos títulos e resumos, classificados como A1 e A2 de acordo com a classificação da CAPES e análise de pertinência final. [Conclusão] Conclui-se que o balcão único apresenta-se como modelo de solução para desburocratização do serviço público. A satisfação dos cidadãos comprova a eficácia e qualidade dos serviços, tendo em vista a rápida resolução das demandas e necessidades desses usuários. A tecnologia possibilita inovação e qualidade na oferta de serviços ao cidadão nessas unidades que utilizam digitalização para garantir rapidez nos serviços. Além de restaurar o caráter público do serviço de atendimento ao cidadão, o Poupatempo busca melhoria contínua para aproximar o Estado do cidadão.
Análise de manutenção de robôs colaborativos numa empresa do ramo de ar-condicionado
Authors: Demarco Lucas Medeiros , Adauto Matheus Magalhães de Figueiredo , Magalhanes Franklin Nobre , Torné Israel Gondres , Printes André Luiz , Cisneros Edry Antonio Garcia
Published: January 2025

Este artigo analisa práticas de manutenção de robôs colaborativos em uma empresa de ar-condicionados no Polo Industrial de Manaus (PIM). Revisamos a evolução dos robôs industriais, destacando estratégias de manutenção: corretiva, preventiva, preditiva e detectiva. Implementamos a metodologia PDCA e um sistema de gerenciamento de ordens de serviço (DRC-e) para otimizar as operações. Através de um estudo de caso, analisamos uma falha no robô paletizador e propusemos soluções preventivas. Tecnologias da Indústria 4.0, como IoT e IA, foram integradas para aprimorar as atividades de manutenção. Os resultados mostram que essas abordagens aumentam a confiabilidade, reduzem custos e melhoram a segurança. Concluímos que a integração de métodos tradicionais e tecnologias avançadas é essencial na era da Indústria 4.0.
Aportes y desafíos de la asignatura lengua y cultura de los pueblos originarios ancestrales.
Authors: Serrano Javiera
Published: January 2025

En los últimos años en Chile se han levantado diversos programas de educación intercultural, con falencias estructurales que develan una construcción desde una lógica utilitaria al sistema educativo monocultural y neoliberal chileno. Es desde este posicionamiento que se ha construido la asignatura de Lengua y cultura de los pueblos originarios ancestrales (LCPOA) que el Mineduc ha presentado a fin de hacerse cargo de la educación intercultural en Chile. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar las representaciones, respecto de la asignatura en cuestión, que tiene el profesorado de 1° a 6° básico de la comuna de Valparaíso. Para ello se propuso un estudio de tipo cualitativo, de estudio de casos múltiples, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, que alcanzó los siguientes objetivos: conocer los aportes y dificultades que el profesorado identifica respecto de la implementación de la LCPOA, y, a partir de lo anterior, proponer una serie de recomendaciones de mejora para la asignatura en base a su discurso.
Second‐order extended state observers‐based adaptive event‐triggered containment control for nonlinear multiagent systems with mismatched stochastic disturbances
Authors: Zuo Chaochao , Cao Liang , Ren Hongru , Xue Hong
Published: September 2023

This article investigates the event‐triggered containment control problem for nonlinear multiagent systems with mismatched stochastic disturbances. A set of second‐order extended state observers (ESOs) is constructed to solve the problem of bounded stochastic disturbances. The observers are able to estimate the disturbances in each control input channel in real‐time and solve the problem of stochastic disturbances path non‐differentiability. Based on backstepping technique, adaptive controllers are designed to ensure that the output of the followers converge to the convex hull formed by the leaders. Moreover, a simplified event‐triggered threshold condition is designed, which effectively reduces the update frequency of the controller and the complexity of threshold condition. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, it is proved that all signals in the closed‐loop systems are the practically bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulation results.
Helical Microfilament‐Electrode‐Based Semi‐Implantable Biosensors for In Vivo Electrochemical Detection
Authors: He Mengyi , Huang Shuang , Zheng Shantao , Yao Chuanjie , Liu Zhengjie , Huang Xinshuo , Li Xiangling , Liang Baoming , Wang Ji , Li Yan , Chen Hui-Jiuan , Liu Jing , Xie Xi
Published: September 2023

Semi‐implantable devices have shown potential for real‐time sensing of physiological information in vivo. For glucose detection in diabetes, semi‐implantable electrodes have the ability to measure glucose concentration directly from interstitial fluid (ISF) with high accuracy and continuous monitoring performance. However, electrochemical detection by the amperometric method is limited by the electrode size, which can restrict signal magnitude and sensitivity of the implantable microfilament electrode. To address this limitation, a semi‐implantable helical microfilament‐based glucose electrode (HMGE) is developed. The helical structure of the HMGE enhances the electrochemical sensing area, while the coating with carbon nanotube and poly(3,4‐ethylene‐dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate provides an electron‐transfer interface for electrochemical sensing. The HMGE exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity for glucose detection. Through in vitro experiments, the sensitivity of HMGE is improved by about 7 times compared with that of the non‐helical structure. In in vivo studies in rats, it is demonstrated that HMGE system can continuously monitor glucose concentration changes in ISF with reasonable accuracy after signal calibrations. Furthermore, a circuit‐sensing system and smartphone application are developed to support the operation of HMGE system as a phenotype. The HMGE presents a promising semi‐implantable device for monitoring various electrolytes, metabolites, and biochemical signals in vivo.
Mn2+/Ir3+‐Doped and CaCO3‐Covered Prussian Blue Nanoparticles with Indocyanine Green Encapsulation for Tumor Microenvironment Modulation and Image‐Guided Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ma Shuaining , Xu Weiguo , Fei Yunwei , Li Dan , Jia Xiuna , Wang Jin , Wang Erkang
Published: September 2023

The development of smart theranostic nanoplatforms has gained great interest in effective cancer treatment against the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), including weak acidity, hypoxia, and glutathione (GSH) overexpression. Herein, a TME‐responsive nanoplatform named PMICApt/ICG, based on PB:Mn&Ir@CaCO3Aptamer/ICG, is designed for the competent synergistic photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) under the guidance of photothermal and magnetic resonance imaging. The nanoplatform's aptamer modification targeting the transferrin receptor and the epithelial cell adhesion molecule on breast cancer cells, and the acid degradable CaCO3 shell allow for effective tumor accumulation and TME‐responsive payload release in situ. The nanoplatform also exhibits excellent PDT properties due to its ability to generate O2 and consume antioxidant GSH in tumors. Additionally, the synergistic therapy is achieved by a single wavelength of near‐infrared laser. RNA sequencing is performed to identify differentially expressed genes, which show that the expressions of proliferation and migration‐associated genes are inhibited, while the apoptosis and immune response gene expressions are upregulated after the synergistic treatments. This multifunctional nanoplatform that responds to the TME to realize the on‐demand payload release and enhance PDT induced by TME modulation holds great promise for clinical applications in tumor therapy.
Monolithic 3D Integration of Analog RRAM‐Based Computing‐in‐Memory and Sensor for Energy‐Efficient Near‐Sensor Computing
Authors: Du Yiwei , Tang Jianshi , Li Yijun , Xi Yue , Li Yuankun , Li Jiaming , Huang Heyi , Qin Qi , Zhang Qingtian , Gao Bin , Deng Ning , Qian He , Wu Huaqiang
Published: September 2023

In the era of the Internet of Things, vast amounts of data generated at sensory nodes impose critical challenges on the data‐transfer bandwidth and energy efficiency of computing hardware. A near‐sensor computing (NSC) architecture places the processing units closer to the sensors such that the generated data can be processed almost in situ with high efficiency. This study demonstrates the monolithic three‐dimensional (M3D) integration of a photosensor array, analog computing‐in‐memory (CIM), and Si complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) logic circuits, named M3D‐SAIL. This approach exploits the high‐bandwidth on‐chip data transfer and massively parallel CIM cores to realize an energy‐efficient NSC architecture. The 1st layer of the Si CMOS circuits serves as the control logic and peripheral circuits. The 2nd layer comprises a 1 k‐bit one‐transistor‐one‐resistor (1T1R) array with InGaZnOx field‐effect transistor (IGZO‐FET) and resistive random‐access memory (RRAM) for analog CIM. The 3rd layer comprises multiple IGZO‐FET‐based photosensor arrays for wavelength‐dependent optical sensing. The structural integrity and function of each layer are comprehensively verified. Furthermore, NSC is implemented using the M3D‐SAIL architecture for a typical video keyframe‐extraction task, achieving a high classification accuracy of 96.7% as well as a 31.5× lower energy consumption and 1.91× faster computing speed compared to its 2D counterpart.
A Novel Superparamagnetic Multifunctional Nerve Scaffold: A Remote Actuation Strategy to Boost In Situ Extracellular Vesicles Production for Enhanced Peripheral Nerve Repair
Authors: Xia Bing , Gao Xue , Qian Jiaqi , Li Shengyou , Yu Beibei , Hao Yiming , Wei Bin , Ma Teng , Wu Haining , Yang Shijie , Zheng Yi , Gao Xueli , Guo Lingli , Gao Jianbo , Yang Yujie , Zhang Yongfeng , Wei Yitao , Xue Borui , Jin Yan , Luo Zhuojing , Zhang Jin , Huang Jinghui
Published: September 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have inherent advantages over cell‐based therapies in regenerative medicine because of their cargos of abundant bioactive cues. Several strategies are proposed to tune EVs production in vitro. However, it remains a challenge for manipulation of EVs production in vivo, which poses significant difficulties for EVs‐based therapies that aim to promote tissue regeneration, particularly for long‐term treatment of diseases like peripheral neuropathy. Herein, a superparamagnetic nanocomposite scaffold capable of controlling EVs production on‐demand is constructed by incorporating polyethyleneglycol/polyethyleneimine modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles into a polyacrylamide/hyaluronic acid double‐network hydrogel (Mag‐gel). The Mag‐gel is highly sensitive to a rotating magnetic field (RMF), and can act as mechano‐stimulative platform to exert micro/nanoscale forces on encapsulated Schwann cells (SCs), an essential glial cell in supporting nerve regeneration. By switching the ON/OFF state of the RMF, the Mag‐gel can scale up local production of SCs‐derived EVs (SCs‐EVs) both in vitro and in vivo. Further transcriptome sequencing indicates an enrichment of transcripts favorable in axon growth, angiogenesis, and inflammatory regulation of SCs‐EVs in the Mag‐gel with RMF, which ultimately results in optimized nerve repair in vivo. Overall, this research provides a noninvasive and remotely time‐scheduled method for fine‐tuning EVs‐based therapies to accelerate tissue regeneration, including that of peripheral nerves.
Synthetic Study on the Lycoricidine Alkaloids
Authors: Denis Maxime , Blais Samuel , Canesi Sylvain
Published: September 2023

A stereoselective synthesis of isolycoricidine, a natural product belonging to the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids family was produced. In addition, a synthetic study on the main core of lycoricidine led to the formation of analogues and a diastereomer of dihydrolycoricidine. Our strategy was based on an oxidative phenol dearomatization, a stereoselective Heck process, a selective dihydroxylation on a dienone system, several stereoselective reductions, and an oxidative retro‐Michael procedure as an amine‐deprotecting group strategy. Furthermore, two steps highlight the usefulness of hypervalent iodines in total synthesis of natural products.
Developing a Blood Cell‐Based Diagnostic Test for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Xu Jiabao , Lodge Tiffany , Kingdon Caroline , Strong James W. L. , Maclennan John , Lacerda Eliana , Kujawski Slawomir , Zalewski Pawel , Huang Wei E. , Morten Karl J.
Published: September 2023

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is characterized by debilitating fatigue that profoundly impacts patients' lives. Diagnosis of ME/CFS remains challenging, with most patients relying on self‐report, questionnaires, and subjective measures to receive a diagnosis, and many never receiving a clear diagnosis at all. In this study, a single‐cell Raman platform and artificial intelligence are utilized to analyze blood cells from 98 human subjects, including 61 ME/CFS patients of varying disease severity and 37 healthy and disease controls. These results demonstrate that Raman profiles of blood cells can distinguish between healthy individuals, disease controls, and ME/CFS patients with high accuracy (91%), and can further differentiate between mild, moderate, and severe ME/CFS patients (84%). Additionally, specific Raman peaks that correlate with ME/CFS phenotypes and have the potential to provide insights into biological changes and support the development of new therapeutics are identified. This study presents a promising approach for aiding in the diagnosis and management of ME/CFS and can be extended to other unexplained chronic diseases such as long COVID and post‐treatment Lyme disease syndrome, which share many of the same symptoms as ME/CFS.
Grazing subirrigated meadow regrowth influences subsequent‐year plant production and nutritive value
Authors: Stephenson Mitchell B. , Grijalva Tara M. , Volesky Jerry D. , Mulliniks Travis
Published: September 2023

Subirrigated and mesic meadow ecosystems are an important forage resource for livestock operations, being used for hay production, grazing, or a combination of both. Our study evaluated how timing and intensity of grazing meadow regrowth following a summer hay harvest influenced subsequent‐year plant production and forage nutritive value. Cattle grazed within established meadow paddocks during prefreeze (fall) or postfreeze (late‐fall/early‐winter) time periods at two utilization rates, moderate (53.0% ± 4.9%) or heavy (66.1% ± 4.9%), from 2018 to 2020 in four randomized compete blocks. Meadow regrowth available for grazing was 24% less between the prefreeze and postfreeze grazing periods, and forage crude protein (CP) decreased from 136 to 84 g kg−1 over the same period (p < 0.01). Prefreeze grazing reduced (p = 0.03) subsequent‐year graminoid production by 11.2% compared to grazing occurring during the postfreeze period and 10.5% (p = 0.08) compared to a non‐graze control; however, subsequent‐year total live plant production (graminoids and forb/legumes) did not differ among the grazing time and intensity treatments. Subsequent‐year forage nutritive value was variable by year and grazing treatment, but tended to follow the amount of forb/legumes present in total plant biomass (CP, R2 = 0.72; p < 0.01). Grazing meadow regrowth during the prefreeze period provides opportunities to better utilize greater forage quantity at a higher nutritive value, but periodically rotating grazing timing from prefreeze to postfreeze could limit negative effects of grazing during the prefreeze period on subsequent‐year graminoid biomass.
Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with obstructive colon cancer: A multicenter propensity score‐matched analysis (YCOG2101)
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuya , Ishibe Atsushi , Ohya Hiroki , Ozawa Mayumi , Suwa Yusuke , Watanabe Jun , Suwa Hirokazu , Den Kanechika , Mori Koichi , Momiyama Masashi , Goto Koki , Endo Itaru
Published: September 2023

Aim

Obstructive colon cancer is locally advanced colon cancer with poor prognosis. However, the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on obstructive colon cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of NAC in patients with obstructive colon cancer.

Methods

From January 2012 to December 2017, we collected patient data for clinical stage II/III obstructive colon cancer at seven Yokohama Clinical Oncology Group (YCOG) institutions. The long‐term outcomes of the NAC and non‐NAC groups were analyzed retrospectively after adjusting for patients' background characteristics using propensity score matching.

Results

Among the 202 eligible patients, propensity score matching extracted 51 patients each for the NAC and non‐NAC groups. After matching, the groups showed no marked differences in the background factors. All the patients in the NAC group underwent diverting stoma construction. Nineteen patients (37.3%) experienced grade 3–4 adverse events during NAC. The incidence of postoperative complications was similar between groups. The 5‐year progression‐free survival rates were 75.8% in the NAC group and 63.0% in the non‐NAC group (p = 0.22, log‐rank test). The 5‐year overall survival rates were 88.5% in the NAC group and 78.8% in the non‐NAC group (p = 0.09, log‐rank test).

Conclusion

Although NAC was feasible for obstructive colon cancer after diverting stoma construction, its effects on long‐term outcomes could not be proven.
The effects of stigma and discrimination on help‐seeking behaviour and the role of police contact
Authors: Randone Jasmine , Thomas Stuart D. M.
Published: September 2023

In the attempt to increase mental health‐related service contacts, research has increasingly focussed on understanding help‐seeking; this has repeatedly found stigma and discrimination to present as significant factors inhibiting contact with services. Other cognate research has demonstrated the over‐representation of mental illness in the criminal justice system, and varied impacts of police contact on perceptions of police legitimacy and future compliance‐related behaviour. However, there has been limited‐to‐no research examining the potential effects of police contact on future help‐seeking behaviours. The study included 101 Australian‐based participants with a lived experience of mental illness who completed an online survey measuring anticipated and experienced discrimination, stigma, police contact variables and general help‐seeking. Findings suggested that anticipated discrimination and prior police contact were associated with a lower intention to seek help, with those reporting prior police contact being significantly less likely to seek help than those without prior police contact. The results indicate the need to consider individualised experiences of contacts with health and justice services, and for these services to prioritise procedurally just engagement, to limit experiences of discrimination and increase people's inclination to seek help.
Giant Crystalline Molecular Rotors that Operate in the Solid State
Authors: Ando Rempei , Sato‐Tomita Ayana , Ito Hajime , Jin Mingoo
Published: September 2023

Molecular motion in the solid state is typically precluded by the highly dense environment, and only molecules with a limited range of sizes show such dynamics. Here, we demonstrate the solid‐state rotational motion of two giant molecules, i.e., triptycene and pentiptycene, by encapsulating a bulky N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) Au(I) complex in the crystalline media. To date, triptycene is the largest molecule (surface area: 245 Å2; volume: 219 Å3) for which rotation has been reported in the solid state, with the largest rotational diameter among reported solid‐state molecular rotors (9.5 Å). However, the pentiptycene rotator that is the subject of this study (surface area: 392 Å2; volume: 361 Å3; rotational diameter: 13.0 Å) surpasses this record. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses of both the developed rotors revealed that these possess sufficient free volume around the rotator. The molecular motion in the solid state was confirmed using variable‐temperature solid‐state 2H spin‐echo NMR studies. The triptycene rotor exhibited three‐fold rotation, while temperature‐dependent changes of the rotational angle were observed for the pentiptycene rotor.
Strain‐Driven Formal [1,3]‐Aryl Shift within Molecular Bows
Authors: Jiang Liang , Peng Zhen , Liang Yimin , Tang Zheng‐Bin , Liang Kejiang , Liu Jiali , Liu Zhichang
Published: September 2023

Delving into the influence of strain on organic reactions in small molecules at the molecular level can unveil valuable insight into developing innovative synthetic strategies and structuring molecules with superior properties. Herein, we present a molecular‐strain engineering approach to facilitate the consecutive [1,2]‐aryl shift (formal [1,3]‐aryl shift) in molecular bows (MBs) that integrate 1,4‐dimethoxy‐2,5‐cyclohexadiene moieties. By introducing ring strain into MBs through tethering the bow limb, we can harness the intrinsic mechanical forces to drive multistep aryl shifts from the para‐ to the meta‐ to the ortho‐position. Through the use of precise intramolecular strain, the seemingly impractical [1,3]‐aryl shift was realized, resulting in the formation of ortho‐disubstituted products. The solvent and temperature play a crucial role in the occurrence of the [1,3]‐aryl shift. The free energy calculations with inclusion of solvation support a feasible mechanism, which entails multistep carbocation rearrangements, for the formal [1,3]‐aryl shift. By exploring the application of molecular strain in synthetic chemistry, this research offers a promising direction for developing new tools and strategies towards precision organic synthesis.
Four‐Electron Oxidative Addition of an N=N Double Bond at a Chromium Metallocyclopropene**
Authors: Rathke Paul , Rittle Jonathan
Published: September 2023

This report describes the synthesis of a pseudo‐tetrahedral chromium alkyne complex supported by a bidentate phosphinimide ligand and its reactivity with an azobenzene derivative. Characterization of the former by structural and computational methods reveals an unprecedented extent of alkyne activation by a formal chromium(II) center, suggesting that this complex is best described as a chromium(IV)‐metallocyclopropene. Exposure of this compound to 4,4′‐difluoroazobenzene results in the formation of a chromium(VI) diimido complex, which constitutes a rare 4‐electron oxidative addition of an N=N double bond. The isolation of a chromium(IV)‐hydrazido intermediate enabled mechanistic investigations of this challenging bond cleavage process. This work substantiates the notion that terminal phosphinimide ligands can engender first‐row transition metal ions with exceptional reactivity.
Flux‐Assisted Synthesis of Y2Ti2O5S2 for Photocatalytic Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Lin Lihua , Kaewdee Pongpen , Nandal Vikas , Shoji Ryota , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Seki Kazuhiko , Nakabayashi Mamiko , Shibata Naoya , Tao Xiaoping , Liang Xizhuang , Ma Yiwen , Hisatomi Takashi , Takata Tsuyoshi , Domen Kazunari
Published: September 2023

Photocatalytic water splitting is an ideal means of producing hydrogen in a sustainable manner, and developing highly efficient photocatalysts is a vital aspect of realizing this process. The photocatalyst Y2Ti2O5S2 (YTOS) is capable of absorbing at wavelengths up to 650 nm and exhibits outstanding thermal and chemical durability compared with other oxysulfides. However, the photocatalytic performance of YTOS synthesized using the conventional solid‐state reaction (SSR) process is limited owing to the large particle sizes and structural defects associated with this synthetic method. Herein, we report the synthesis of YTOS particles by a flux‐assisted technique. The enhanced mass transfer efficiency in the flux significantly reduced the preparation time compared with the SSR method. In addition, the resulting YTOS showed improved photocatalytic H2 and O2 evolution activity when loaded with Rh and Co3O4 co‐catalysts, respectively. These improvements are attributed to the reduced particle size and enhanced crystallinity of the material as well as the slower decay of photogenerated carriers on a nanosecond to sub‐microsecond time range. Further optimization of this flux‐assisted method together with suitable surface modification is expected to produce high‐quality YTOS crystals with superior photocatalytic activity.
Zur Abhängigkeit der Oberflächenspannung von der Bildungs‐ und Alterungsgeschwindigkeit der Oberfläche
Authors: Göring Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Die dynamische Oberflächenspannung von destilliertem Wasser wurde nach der Methode der Flüssigkeitsglocken bestimmt. Die gefundene Abhängigkeit der Oberflächenspannung von der Bogenlänge der Meridiankurve kann aus dem Ordnungszustand der Oberflächenbereiche der stationär abfließenden Wasserhaut erklärt und durch einen quantitativen Ansatz für die Oberflächenenergie befriedigend wiedergegeben werden. Die Relaxationszeit des Alterungsvorganges der Oberfläche (Abklingen der dynamischen Oberflächenspannung auf den statischen Gleichgewichtswert) wird in der Größenordnung von 10−3 sec gefunden.