bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal developmental history alters transfer of circadian clock genes to offspring in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Harvey-Carroll Jessica , Stevenson Tyler J. , Spencer Karen A.
Published: August 2023

Maternal signals shape embryonic development, and in turn post-natal phenotypes. RNA deposition is one such method of maternal signalling and circadian rhythms are one trait thought to be maternally inherited, through this mechanism. These maternal circadian gene transcripts aid development of a functioning circadian system. There is increasing evidence that maternal signals can be modified, depending on prevailing environmental conditions to optimise offspring fitness. However, currently, it is unknown if maternal circadian gene transcripts, and consequently early embryonic gene transcription, are altered by maternal developmental conditions. Here, using avian mothers who experienced either pre-natal corticosterone exposure, and/or post-natal stress as juveniles we were able to determine the effects of the timing of stress on downstream circadian RNA deposition in offspring. We demonstrated that maternal developmental history does indeed affect transfer of offspring circadian genes, but the timing of stress was important. Avian mothers who experienced stress during the first 2 weeks of post-natal life increased maternally deposited transcript levels of two core circadian clock genes, BMAL1 and PER2. These differences in transcript levels were transient and disappeared at the point of embryonic genome transcription. Pre-natal maternal stress alone was found to elicit delayed changes in circadian gene expression. After activation of the embryonic genome, both BMAL1 and PER2 expression were significantly decreased. If both pre-natal and post-natal stress occurred, then initial maternal transcript levels of BMAL1 were significantly increased. Taken together, these results suggest that developmental stress differentially produces persistent transgenerational effects on offspring circadian genes.
Pattern and time point of relapse in locally advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma after multimodal treatment: implications for a useful structured follow-up
Authors: Stelmach Ramona , Apostolidis Leonidas , Kahle Steffen , Sisic Leila , Nienhüser Henrik , Weber Tim Frederik , Jäger Dirk , Haag Georg Martin
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Despite improvements in multimodal treatment of locally advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, the majority of patients still relapses. The impact of structured follow-up for early detection of recurrence is unclear and controversially discussed.

Methods

Patients with locally advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma having received neoadjuvant/perioperative chemotherapy followed by tumor resection between 2009 and 2021, underwent a structured follow-up including three-monthly imaging during the first 2 years, followed by semiannual and annual examinations in year 3–4 and 5, respectively. Clinical outcome including pattern and time point of relapse was analyzed.

Results

Two hundred fifty-seven patients were included in this analysis. In 50.2% (n = 129) of patients, recurrent disease was diagnosed, with the majority (94.6%) relapsing within the first 2 years. The most common site of relapse were lymph node metastases followed by peritoneal carcinomatosis and hepatic and pulmonary metastases. 52.7% of patients presented with symptoms at the time of relapse. Cumulative risk and time point of relapse differed significantly between patient with a node-positive tumor (ypN+) after neoadjuvant treatment (high-risk group) and patients with node-negative primary tumor (ypN0) (low-risk group). High-risk patients had a significantly inferior disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) with 11.1 and 29.0 months, respectively, whereas median DFS and OS were not reached for the low-risk group.

Conclusions

The risk of relapse differs significantly between high- and low-risk patients. Only a part of relapses is associated with clinical symptoms. An individualized follow-up strategy is recommended for high- and low-risk patients considering the individual risk of relapse.
A multi-pronged approach to improve blood culture diagnostics in different clinical departments: a single-centre experience
Authors: Neser Elisabeth , Jung Philipp , Halfmann Alexander , Schröder Matthias , Thurner Lorenz , Becker Sören L. , Schneitler Sophie
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Blood culture (BC) diagnostics are influenced by many factors. We performed a targeted interdisciplinary analysis to analyse effects of various measures on BC diagnostics performance.

Methods

A diagnostic stewardship initiative was conducted at two intervention and two control wards in a German tertiary level hospital. The initiative comprised staff training on the correct indications and sampling for BC, implementation of information cards, labels to identify the collection site, regular BC bottle feedback including the number of bottles, filling volumes and identified pathogens; and the use of a specific sampling device (BD Vacutainer®). Before and after the interventions, two three-month measurement periods were performed, as well as a one-month follow-up period to assess the sustainability of the conducted measures.

Results

In total, 9362 BC bottles from 787 patients were included in the analysis. The number of BCs obtained from peripheral venous puncture could be increased at both intervention wards (44.0 vs. 22.2%, 58.3 vs. 34.4%), while arterial sampling could be reduced (30.6 vs. 4.9%). A total of 134 staff members were fully trained. The intervention led to a considerable increase in BC knowledge (from 62.4 to 79.8% correct answers) with differences between the individual professional groups. Relevant reduced contamination rates could be detected at both intervention wards.

Conclusions

As knowledge on the correct BC sampling and strategies to reduce contamination varies considerably between clinical departments and healthcare professionals, a targeted training should be adapted to the specific needs of the individual professional groups. An additional filling device is not necessary.
Implementing uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) device for immediate postpartum hemorrhage management: Leveraging resource allocation and highlighting noteworthy experiences
Authors: Boston Mian Dehi , Privat Guie , Horo Apollinaire , Edele Aka , Virginie Kouakou Konan , Bruno Aholoupke , Seydou Koné , Sarah Rochon , Serge Boni , Thomas F Burke
Published: August 2023

Background

The use of uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) devices for intrauterine packing and management of vaginal bleeding by uterine atony has shown promising results in improving the quality of care and reducing maternal mortality.

Objective

This report aims to provide an overview of progress made in implementing UBT devices in northern Cote d'Ivoire.

Material and methods

A four-year retrospective study was conducted in the North-East (163,645), North-Center (351,909), and North-West (57,983). In 2017, UBT was adopted by members of the healthcare system. Subsequently, 5 national and 32 regional trainers have been trained. The training session was a theoretical and practical program with a low simulator. UBT is a male condom tied to a urinary catheter, filled with liquid. Positive outcomes included stopping bleeding, avoiding the need for surgery, and preventing maternal deaths (MD). In 2018, 3,515 UBT devices were distributed. In 2019, monitoring tools and transmission circuits of the data were validated. In 2020, the collection of data and local manufacturing was launched.

Results

During the process, 978 health workers, mainly midwife (52.0%) and nurses (32.2%) out of the 1,295 assigned were trained. The number of trained individuals decreased from 209 in 2019 to 160 in 2020. A total of 1,715 UBT devices were locally manufactured, adding to the existing gift of 5,080 devices, with total availability of 6,795. The distribution of devices increased from 2017 to 2019 but decreased in 2020. Success rates increased from 87.3% in 2017 (365/418) to 95.0% in 2019 (556/585) and slightly decreased in 2020 to 98.0% (681/695). Adverse outcomes (144/2,193), included MD (35/2,193) and medical evacuation to the surgical center (109/2,193).

Conclusion

The implementation of UBT in northern Cote d'Ivoire successfully reduced maternal death rates caused by immediate post-partum hemorrhage (IPPH). However, to ensure sustainability, further improvements are needed, including increased monitoring, ongoing training, and device availability.
The Rise of Early Rome
Authors: Fulminante Francesca
Published: August 2023

The trajectory of Rome from a small village in Latium vetus, to an emerging power in Italy during the first millennium BC, and finally, the heart of an Empire that sprawled throughout the Mediterranean and much of Europe until the 5th century CE, is well known. Its rise is often presented as inevitable and unstoppable. Yet the factors that contributed to Rome's rise to power are not well understood. Why Rome and not Veii? In this book, Francesca Fulminante offers a fresh approach to this question through the use of a range of methods. Adopting quantitative analyses and a novel network perspective, she focuses on transportation systems in Etruria and Latium Italy from ca. 1000–500 BC. Fulminante reveals the multiple factors that contributed to the emergence and dominance of Rome within these regional networks, and the critical role they in the rise of the city and, ultimately, Roman imperialism.
Treatment of auricular pseudocysts using enhanced negative drainage: a prospective study of 21 cases
Authors: Wang G , Luo D , Song F , Sun Z , Dong P , Zhu Z
Published: August 2023

Objective

Auricular pseudocysts are rare, painless, benign intracartilaginous cysts of the auricle that are not lined by epithelium and have no known aetiology.

Method

This was a prospective study conducted in an ENT department from January 2020 to June 2022. In 21 patients, complete aspiration of the pseudocyst with enhanced negative drainage was performed. They were followed for a minimum of six months.

Results

All patients completely responded to the negative drainage treatment. No cases of recurrence or obvious deformities were observed.

Conclusion

Aspiration with intensified negative drainage was associated with a positive response in patients with auricular pseudocysts. Complete resolution of the swelling can be achieved without any serious complications. Thus, it appears to be a simple and effective method for managing the condition.
The meaning of home when you don't live there anymore: Using body mapping with people with dementia in care homes
Authors: Smith Louisa , Carr Chantel , Chesher Isabelle , Phillipson Lyn
Published: August 2023

The significance of home is broadly recognised as representing selfhood, safety and autonomy. For older people, especially those with dementia, the ability to age in place at home can be threatened by a necessary move into a care home. Home has heightened importance for people with dementia. We know most people want to stay in their own homes, but there is limited research which explores what home means for people with dementia when they move into care homes. Based in a care home in regional New South Wales, Australia, this study used the arts-based method, body mapping, to explore what home meant to people with dementia and/or cognitive impairment. Seven body maps were co-created by current residents (four), family members and supporters (six) and researchers (three). The findings of the body-mapping process highlighted that home is much more than a physical location. Home meant having the ability to carry out practices and rituals, use objects, maintain relationships and experience sensations that are personally meaningful, and which differ from one person to the next. Their body maps revealed that in care homes, people could not ‘do home’ anymore because many of the practices, objects, people and places that mattered to them were no longer accessible. Body mapping was a useful method that facilitated the exploration of a holistic expression of home that would not have been possible with more traditional methods. For people with dementia, home was not only embodied and spatial, but also temporal, helping us to understand the ways in which care homes might facilitate a greater sense of home for people with dementia.
Finite element modeling of grasping porous materials in robotics cells
Authors: Mykhailyshyn Roman , Fey Ann Majewicz , Xiao Jing
Published: August 2023

Handling and manipulating flexible porous objects is one of the main challenges in robotics for household and industrial tasks. Improving the design of grippers for flexible objects of manipulation is an important stage in the development of this topic. This article proposes a method of modeling a gripper for porous objects using the finite element method. It identifies the main parameters of the model that will affect the grasping force and the permeability of porous objects. The power characteristics of the obtained gripper model for different supply pressures, with varying porosity of the manipulated objects, are determined. The obtained characteristics are then used to find the correspondence of channel length for three textile materials with different permeable properties. An experimental study of the lifting force is conducted, and a comparison is made with the obtained modeling data for the presented samples. Additionally, using the obtained simulation data, an analysis of the pressure distribution on the surface of the porous object of manipulation is performed. As a result, it is found that the gripping device must use a design with elements to stabilize the distribution of pressure in its chamber, which will increase the stability of the gripping process.
The Lawyering Toolkit: a supportive tool to close the legal literacy gap between learners and practice professionals – a proof-of-concept report
Authors: Boyle Susan , Conrick Virginia , Punch Pattie , O'Sullivan Ann
Published: August 2023

Three academic and one law firm librarian, Susan Boyle, Virginia Conrick, Pattie Punch, and Ann O'Sullivan collaborated to create a ‘Lawyering Toolkit’. It was devised to support learners on the legal lifecycle from higher education to the corporate sphere and beyond. Arranged by skills level, it was imagineered via the online BIALL Irish Group meetings during the Covid pandemic. Learning steps were visually scaffolded in LibGuides to build a quick reference platform. This article describes how the Toolkit proof-of-concept developed through experiential reflection and shared discussion. It tracks the construction of a prototype to presentation at BIALL Conference 2022 and incorporates feedback from the conference and the BIALL Irish Group. It is envisaged that the Lawyering Toolkit will ensure a more collaborative and consistent approach to legal information literacy in the Republic of Ireland.
The Potential and Peculiarities of PERMA
Authors: Jimenez William P. , Hu Xiaoxiao , Garden Rebecca , Zeytonli Asiye
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In the first meta-analysis of the PERMA well-being framework (i.e., positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning, accomplishment), we cumulated 692 effect sizes ( k = 33 independent samples, N = 10,050 workers). Average reliability did not meet the conventional α = .70 threshold for engagement measured with the PERMA-Profiler or the Workplace PERMA Profiler or for negative emotions measured with the former. Overall, PERMA dimensions were strongly intercorrelated, and model comparisons suggested multidimensionality. We also summarized PERMA’s relationships with some conceptual antecedents (conscientiousness, loneliness); correlates (happiness, negative emotions); and outcomes (physical health, depressive symptoms, overall job performance). Additionally, we used dominance analysis to examine PERMA dimensions’ incremental validity. Although the framework holds promise for organizational research, PERMA measurement must be refined.
The Impact of Job Autonomy, Pride, and Resource Competence on Change-Oriented OCB
Authors: Zampetakis Leonidas A. , Lanivich Stephen E.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This research investigates the relationship between employee job autonomy, experienced pride, and competence regarding resources to the enactment of change-oriented OCB (OCB-CH) in organizational settings. Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT), empirical evidence is presented to establish a positive correlation between these constructs and the satisfaction of autonomy, relatedness, and competence basic needs, respectively. Leveraging a daily diary study involving 72 Greek employees across five consecutive workdays, this study sheds light on the pivotal role of employee job autonomy, experienced pride, and competence regarding resources as critical factors for OCB-CH. Moreover, this investigation contributes empirical insights into the dynamic nature of employee resource-induced coping heuristic (RICH) tendencies on a daily basis, marking a significant advancement in the understanding of this explanatory mechanism.
Diabetes impairs fracture healing through Foxo1 mediated disruption of ciliogenesis
Authors: Chinipardaz Zahra , Yuan Gongsheng , Liu Min , Graves Dana T. , Yang Shuying
Published: August 2023

Foxo1 upregulation is linked to defective fracture healing under diabetic conditions. Previous studies demonstrated that diabetes upregulates Foxo1 expression and activation and diabetes impairs ciliogenesis resulting in defective fracture repair. However, the mechanism by which diabetes causes cilia loss during fracture healing remains elusive. We report here that streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) dramatically increased Foxo1 expression in femoral fracture calluses, which thereby caused a significant decrease in the expression of IFT80 and primary cilia number. Ablation of Foxo1 in osteoblasts in OSXcretTAFoxo1f/f mice rescued IFT80 expression and ciliogenesis and restored bone formation and mechanical strength in diabetic fracture calluses. In vitro, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) impaired cilia formation in osteoblasts and reduced the production of a mineralizing matrix, which were rescued by Foxo1 deletion. Mechanistically, AGEs increased Foxo1 expression and transcriptional activity to inhibit IFT80 expression causing impaired cilia formation. Thus, our findings demonstrate that diabetes impairs fracture healing through Foxo1 mediated inhibition of ciliary IFT80 expression and primary cilia formation, resulting in impaired osteogenesis. Inhibition of Foxo1 and/or restoration of cilia formation has the potential to promote diabetes-impaired fracture healing.
To optimize gas flaring in Kirkuk refinery in various seasons via artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Zoeir A. , Qajar J. , Kazemzadeh Y. , Khodapanah E. , Rastkar A.
Published: August 2023

Unavoidable flaring in downstream oil industry causes pollutant emission in large amounts which is potentially harmful to nearby cities or farms. Hence one must manage exhaust toxic gases to raise enough in atmosphere or redirect from such places. Since Kirkuk refinery in north Iraq is next-door to agricultural farms on west yet to residential areas on east optimizing its layout for flare stacks is something acute. In this work we wrote codes in MATLAB software to simulate incomplete rather than complete oxidation as well as pollutant generation reactions. Then we made use of FLEUENT software to simulate pollutant propagation in Kirkuk oil purifier complex yet also farther to city as well as farms with respect to seasonal air currents on lowest troposphere layer. Finally, we set neural network approach to train on simulation data thereafter to unify outcomes to turn into a fast technique for layout optimization. Results show that optimization process efficiency relies on air current velocities as well as its direction. At intermediate air flow rates optimum layout includes only a selective portion of existent flare stacks. Outcomes also illustrate that heuristic techniques that have stronger local search such as particle swarm or artificial immune system can improve flare layout in seasons with intermediate air currents here summer plus early months in autumn while approaches with weak local search like Monte Carlo are more appropriate in winter for which we have no or low air flows in Kirkuk governorate.
Basal complex: a smart wing component for automatic shape morphing
Authors: Eraghi Sepehr H. , Toofani Arman , Guilani Ramin J. A. , Ramezanpour Shayan , Bijma Nienke N. , Sedaghat Alireza , Yasamandaryaei Armin , Gorb Stanislav , Rajabi Hamed
Published: August 2023

Insect wings are adaptive structures that automatically respond to flight forces, surpassing even cutting-edge engineering shape-morphing systems. A widely accepted but not yet explicitly tested hypothesis is that a 3D component in the wing’s proximal region, known as basal complex, determines the quality of wing shape changes in flight. Through our study, we validate this hypothesis, demonstrating that the basal complex plays a crucial role in both the quality and quantity of wing deformations. Systematic variations of geometric parameters of the basal complex in a set of numerical models suggest that the wings have undergone adaptations to reach maximum camber under loading. Inspired by the design of the basal complex, we develop a shape-morphing mechanism that can facilitate the shape change of morphing blades for wind turbines. This research enhances our understanding of insect wing biomechanics and provides insights for the development of simplified engineering shape-morphing systems.
ASIC1a affects hypothalamic signaling and regulates the daily rhythm of body temperature in mice
Authors: Peng Zhong , Ziros Panos G. , Martini Tomaz , Liao Xiao-Hui , Stoop Ron , Refetoff Samuel , Albrecht Urs , Sykiotis Gerasimos P. , Kellenberger Stephan
Published: August 2023

The body temperature of mice is higher at night than during the day. We show here that global deletion of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) results in lower body temperature during a part of the night. ASICs are pH sensors that modulate neuronal activity. The deletion of ASIC1a decreased the voluntary activity at night of mice that had access to a running wheel but did not affect their spontaneous activity. Daily rhythms of thyrotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the hypothalamus and of thyroid-stimulating hormone β mRNA in the pituitary, and of prolactin mRNA in the hypothalamus and pituitary were suppressed in ASIC1a−/− mice. The serum thyroid hormone levels were however not significantly changed by ASIC1a deletion. Our findings indicate that ASIC1a regulates activity and signaling in the hypothalamus and pituitary. This likely leads to the observed changes in body temperature by affecting the metabolism or energy expenditure.
Thermally stable quantum Hall effect in a gated ferroelectric-graphene heterostructure
Authors: Dey Anubhab , Cottam Nathan , Makarovskiy Oleg , Yan Wenjing , Mišeikis Vaidotas , Coletti Camilla , Kerfoot James , Korolkov Vladimir , Eaves Laurence , Linnartz Jasper F. , Kool Arwin , Wiedmann Steffen , Patanè Amalia
Published: August 2023

The quantum Hall effect is widely used for the investigation of fundamental phenomena, ranging from topological phases to composite fermions. In particular, the discovery of a room temperature resistance quantum in graphene is significant for compact resistance standards that can operate above cryogenic temperatures. However, this requires large magnetic fields that are accessible only in a few high magnetic field facilities. Here, we report on the quantum Hall effect in graphene encapsulated by the ferroelectric insulator CuInP2S6. Electrostatic gating of the graphene channel enables the Fermi energy to be tuned so that electrons in the localized states of the insulator are in equilibrium with the current-carrying, delocalized states of graphene. Due to the presence of strongly bound states in this hybrid system, a quantum Hall plateau is observed over a wide range of temperatures in relatively modest magnetic fields.
OH and Cl radicals initiated oxidation of amyl acetate under atmospheric conditions: kinetics, products and mechanisms
Authors: Straccia C. Vianni G. , Blanco María B. , Teruel Mariano A.
Published: August 2023

When hydrogenated esters are released into the atmosphere, they may be oxidized by OH radicals and Cl atoms, forming aldehydes and acids that have a negative local, regional, and worldwide environmental impact.
Cutting-edge methods for amplifying the oxygen evolution reaction during seawater electrolysis: a brief synopsis
Authors: Lyu Xiang , Serov Alexey
Published: August 2023

Three approaches for enhancing OER activity and selectivity for hydrogen production in seawater electrolysis.
BF3/HY as a microporous solid acid catalyst for regioselective ring-opening of epoxides
Authors: Yao Yi-Xuan , Zhang Hong-Wei , Lu Chang-Bo , Wang Xue , Zhao Shi-Dong , Shang Hong-Yan , Tian Yuan-Yu
Published: August 2023

A solid acid catalyst BF3/HY was synthesized and used for regioselective ring-opening of epoxides; different aldehydes could be obtained with exceptional yields and selectivity.
Functionalized metal–organic frameworks based on multi-catalyst ordered assembly for electrochemical stripping chemiluminescent immunoassay
Authors: Liang Xu , Hu Yuecong , Zheng Xinhe , Shao Yi , Hua Yutong , Liu Junjie , Zhu Zhiwei , Shao Yuanhua
Published: August 2023

The synergic catalysis can greatly improve the performance of sensor developed.
An ampere‐second‐vector pulse width modulation technique and fault‐tolerant control for CSI11 fed five‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with multiple harmonic electromotive forces
Authors: Chen Chao , Chen Zhen , Sun Xiaoyong , Gao Congzhe , Liu Xiangdong
Published: August 2023

When dealing with safety‐critical applications that involve multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), the current source inverter (CSI) is a superior choice compared with the voltage source inverter. The conventional technique of pulse width modulation (PWM) presents a challenge for CSI, particularly during faults. The fault‐tolerant control of multiphase PMSMs fed by CSIs has not been well investigated, particularly in situations involving double‐phase open‐circuit faults. Furthermore, fault‐tolerant control becomes more complex when the multiphase PMSM includes harmonic back electromotive forces (EMFs). To deal with these issues, an ampere‐second (AS) vector PWM technique is developed for a five‐phase PMSM powered by CSI11. The modulation ratio of the proposed PWM is identical to that of space vector PWM. The proposed method, however, is easier to implement. A fault‐tolerant control method using AS‐vector is proposed for single‐phase, adjacent double‐phase, and non‐adjacent double‐phase open‐circuit faults. Additionally, a method is developed to suppress the torque ripple that results from harmonic back‐EMFs during fault conditions. Compared without the torque ripple suppression method, during the speed rising, the proposed method can reduce torque ripple to 16.7%, 54.5%, and 37.5%, respectively. The experiments have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed PWM technique and fault‐tolerant control method.
Prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in the context of climate change among newly recruited contract teachers in Morocco
Authors: Meskini Nadia , Lamtai Mouloud , Sfendla Anis , El Madhi Youssef , Ahami Ahmed.O.T , Ouahidi Moulay Laarbi
Published: August 2023

Teaching has been identified as one of a highly stressful jobs. As known, this job is linked to development of neuropsychiatric. However, there is a little background about the assessment of these problems among Moroccan teachers. This study aims to measure the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among 150 newly recruited contractual primary teachers in KHEMISSET city using three international scales. The perceived stress scale (PSS) for stress, the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for anxiety and depression. The results show that 95.9% of the teachers are stressed. In contrast, among these teachers newly recruited 94.9% and 72.4% do not suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the stress, anxiety and depression scores between male and female teachers (p > 0.05). The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among newly recruited contract teachers in Morocco, specifically in the context of climate change, can be influenced by various factors. In conclusion, this study suggest that teachers are more susceptible to stress, depression and anxiety and suitable steps should be taken to enhance the mental health of these teachers, thus guaranteeing good quality education.
Salivary biomarkers and burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Kappes Florian , Kerrad Samy , Grémeau-Richard Christelle , Devoize Laurent
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is defined by a burning sensation or intraoral dysesthesia without obvious causal lesion. Despite the development of research, diagnostic aids for this syndrome are non-existent and treatments are partially ineffective. Some studies have shown changes in salivary composition, viscosity or flow in patients with BMS. The evaluation of the salivary biochemical characteristics of patients with BMS could then help to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease. The objective of this meta-analysis is to perform a qualitative and quantitative synthesis of the literature concerning the salivary biomarkers present in patients with BMS in comparison to healthy subjects. Materials and methods: The PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched to identify articles corresponding to the defined inclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.4.1 software was used to perform the quantitative analysis. Results: The quantitative analysis included 15 articles and found a significant increase in salivary concentrations of cortisol and immunoglobulin A (IgA) with a standardized mean difference SMD = 0.53 and a 95% confidence interval CI [0.33 to 0.74] and SMD = 0.32 to 95% CI [0.10 to 0.55] respectively. For calcium and copper, the analysis found no significant difference in patients with BMS with SMD = 0.06 at 95% CI [–0.19 to 0.32] and SMD = -0.19 at 95% CI [–0.44 to 0.06]. Finally, for magnesium, the analysis found a probable decrease with SMD = -0.29 at 95% CI [–0.52 to -0.06]. Four other biomarkers (potassium, alpha amylase, zinc and total protein) showed too high levels of heterogeneity (I² > 44%) to be able to interpret the results with confidence. Discussion: This strong heterogeneity can be explained by different saliva sampling methods or biomarker measurement techniques that are not strictly identical between the studies. In addition, some saliva samples may have undergone blood contamination which may bias the results. Conclusion: This meta-analysis nevertheless confirms all the interest of focusing on salivary biomarkers in BMS patients; the measurement of cortisol and/or salivary IgA could be a line of research for the establishment of a standardized biological assessment. Nevertheless, the number of available studies being low and of variable methodological quality with a limited number of patients, additional studies are necessary to give a firm and definitive conclusion.
Thermal performance analysis of near infra-red reflection and green roof cooling techniques on buildings made of mild steel
Authors: Mdlalose Nonkululeko Portia , Muvengei Mutuku , Muiruri Patrick , Mutwiwa Urbanas
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the thermal performance of green roofs, cool roofs, and their combined effects in tropical climates. Although each technology has been studied independently for its potential to reduce cooling energy consumption in buildings, their combined effects have not been thoroughly examined in tropical climates. The study employed experimental and numerical methods, demonstrating that combining green and cool roofs can lead to even greater cooling energy savings. The research involved fabricating four identical cubicles made of mild steel sheets and placing them in an open space for testing under two operational conditions: closed window and open window/door. The combined green and cool roof technology achieved a temperature difference reduction of 4.14 °C compared to the original roof under the closed window and door state, with green and cool roofs achieving 0.72 °C and 0.79 °C, respectively. Combining green and cool roofs led to even more significant cooling energy savings, with 53.57 kWh energy savings compared to 20.1 kWh and 3.68 kWh for combined, green, and cool cubicles, respectively. The study found that combining green and cool roofs led to even more significant cooling energy savings, with 53.57 kWh energy savings compared to 20.1 kWh and 3.68 kWh for combined, green, and cool cubicles, respectively. The research suggests that combining these technologies can lead to greater cooling energy savings and highlights the potential benefits of green and cool roofs for tropical climates.
Apport d’analyse des données géophysique et géodésique sur L’évolution dynamique du Système de Rift Est Africain
Authors: Khaffou Moulouda , Raji Mohamed , El-Ayachi Moha
Published: August 2023

Le Système de Rift Est Africain SREA constitue une région d’intérêt géologique et géodynamique majeure, offrant des opportunités uniques pour étudier les processus de rift continental. Cette étude vise à caractériser le contexte géologique et géodynamique du SREA en utilisant des données géomatiques et géophysiques. Les données géomatiques ont permis d’identifier les formations rocheuses, les failles actives et les caractéristiques topographiques associées, fournissant ainsi une compréhension approfondie de la région d’étude. En complément, des techniques géophysiques avancées ont été appliquées pour obtenir des informations sur la structure crustale et la lithosphère sous-jacente du SREA. L’analyse des données nous permet de simuler ces processus à grande échelle, mettant en évidence l’impact du mouvement de rotation des plaques sur le développement global de SERA. Les résultats de ces analyses révèlent l’architecture complexe du système de rift, indique que le SREA est caractérisé par plusieurs bassins sédimentaires et segments de rift actifs, avec l’identification de failles majeures et mineures jouant un rôle essentiel dans la déformation et l’évolution de la région. Cette étude fournit une analyse du contexte géologique et géodynamique du Système de Rift Est Africain, en utilisant une approche combinée de données géomatiques et géophysiques.
Optimisation des performances opérationnelles de l’industrie automobile électrique marocaine grâce à une intégration efficace de la chaîne logistique
Authors: Raissouni Rajaa , Hamiche M’hamed , Bourekkadi Salmane , Raissouni Kenza
Published: August 2023

L’importance des décisions relatives à l’intégration de la chaîne logistique dans la stratégie de l’industrie automobile électrique au Maroc est mise en évidence par cette étude. Des recherches révèlent que les entreprises les plus admirées et craintes aujourd’hui sont celles qui parviennent à établir des liens étroits entre leurs clients, leurs fournisseurs et leurs processus internes en utilisant des réseaux d’intégration. En se basant sur ces affirmations, notre étude se propose d’explorer la corrélation entre les différentes variables liées à la performance opérationnelle, telles que (les coûts, la qualité, la flexibilité), ainsi que les variables indépendantes d’intégration de la chaine logistique (intégration client, intégration fournisseur, intégration interne). Notre étude se concentre sur la causalité en analysant comment les trois dimensions de l’intégration affectent la performance opérationnelle des entreprises du secteur automobile électrique marocaine. Dans le cadre de cette étude, un échantillon composé de 2 entreprises a été sélectionné afin de recueillir des données empiriques. Ces données ont été collectées au moyen d’un questionnaire spécifiquement élaboré et amélioré grâce à des entretiens menés avec des experts et un comité de juges. Différentes techniques statistiques, telles que l’analyse descriptive, la corrélation et les régressions multiples, ont été employées pour cette étude. Notre étude a démontré que l’intégration client ont exercé l’impact le plus significatif sur la performance opérationnelle de la chaîne logistique du secteur automobile marocain. Les résultats empiriques ont révélé des corrélations et des interactions notables entre les trois dimensions de la chaine logistique intégrée, ainsi qu’entre ces dimensions et les différents aspects de la performance opérationnelle. Ainsi, les résultats ont confirmé l’opinion des acteurs de l’industrie automobile selon laquelle il existe un lien étroit entre la chaine logistique intégrée et sa performance opérationnelle.
Les répercussions de l’exclusion financière au Maroc sur l’environnement : analyse à travers l’application de la théorie enracinée
Authors: Mouzoun Zakarya , Ammi Anouar
Published: August 2023

Le Maroc a lancé une initiative en 2015 visant à favoriser l’accès et l’utilisation, des ménages et entreprises, à des services financiers de base, tels que l’ouverture de comptes bancaires, la souscription de prêts, l’épargne et l’assurance et ce dans le cadre de sa stratégie nationale d’inclusion financière. Cependant, l’exclusion financière reste un défi majeur, avec des facteurs et des obstacles qui entravent cet objectif. Dans cette étude, nous cherchons à explorer en profondeur ces facteurs d’exclusion financière au Maroc et à comprendre leur impact sur l’environnement. Notre approche de recherche repose sur l’application de la théorie enracinée, combinant des méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives. Nous avons mené une étude en utilisant des questionnaires et des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de la population marocaine âgée de 18 ans et plus pendant deux mois (avril et mai 2023), et avec utilisation des logiciels tels que SPSS et N’vivo pour analyser les données. Les résultats mettent en évidence plusieurs facteurs contribuant à l’exclusion financière, dont la défiance envers les institutions financières, le faible niveau d’éducation et de connaissances financières, ainsi que l’absence de produits et services financiers adaptés aux besoins individuels et aux besoins environnementaux, tels que le financement de projets de préservation de l’environnement. Pour surmonter ces obstacles, il est crucial de développer des programmes d’éducation financière et de renforcer la transparence et la responsabilité des institutions financières.
Hemiresection Capsuloretinacular Interposition Arthroplasty for Distal Radioulnar Joint Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hasegawa Hideo , Omokawa Shohei , Kawamura Kenji , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: August 2023

Background Hemiresection interposition arthroplasty (HIA), which can preserve triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) function, is one of the surgical options for DRUJ osteoarthritis.

Description of Technique An arcuate vertical incision of approximately 8 cm was made, and the flap, including both the extensor retinaculum and dorsal DRUJ capsule, was wrapped around the resected ulnar head. In cases where the TFCC was torn, repair or reconstruction was also performed.

Patients and Methods Twenty-one wrists in 20 patients with DRUJ osteoarthritis were treated. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. Preoperative ulnar variance value averaged 1.8 mm. The average length of follow-up period was 2 years and 10 months. Functional outcomes were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) for wrist pain, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), range of wrist and forearm motion (palmar-dorsal flexion and pronation-supination), and grip strength (% of the contralateral value). X-ray parameters (width of the ulnar head, DRUJ distance) were assessed.

Results The postoperative grip strength and range of wrist and forearm motion improved significantly, and VAS for pain and PRWE improved larger than minimum clinical important difference. The DRUJ gap distance was maintained sufficiently in average value of 5.3 mm at the final follow-up.

Conclusion The current modified HIA procedure combined with TFCC repair or reconstruction provides feasible short-term functional outcomes for treatment of patients with DRUJ osteoarthritis regardless of preoperative ulnar variance.
A systematic review of intention to use fitness apps (2020–2023)
Authors: Angosto Salvador , García-Fernández Jerónimo , Grimaldi-Puyana Moisés
Published: August 2023

Technology advances and digital transformation are constantly growing, resulting in an increase in the number of sports-related technologies and apps on the market, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to update a comprehensive evaluation of the literature published since 2020 on the desire to use and embrace fitness and physical activity-related apps. Using the PERSiST adapted from the PRISMA 2020 statement, a total of 29 articles that provide assessment models of sports consumers’ desires to utilise fitness applications were discovered. Several major conclusions emerge from the findings: (1) the use of alternative models to the Technology Acceptance Model has increased in recent years with new theories not derived from that model now being associated with it; (2) studies in Europe are increasing as well as a specifical interest in fitness apps; (3) the UTAUT and UTAUT2 model are more widely used within the sport sector and new models appear connected with behaviour intentions; and (4) the number of exogenous and endogenous variables that are linked to the main technology acceptance variables and their behavioral intentions is diverse within the academic literature. These findings could help technology managers to increase user communication, physical activity levels and participation in their fitness centres, as well as to modify the policies and services of sports organisations.
Coherent control of mid-infrared frequency comb by optical injection of near-infrared light
Authors: Komagata Kenichi N. , Parriaux Alexandre , Bertrand Mathieu , Hillbrand Johannes , Beck Mattias , Wittwer Valentin J. , Faist Jérôme , Südmeyer Thomas
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate the use of a low power near-infrared laser illuminating the front facet of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) as an optical actuator for the coherent control of a mid-infrared frequency comb. We show that with appropriate current control of the QCL comb and intensity modulation of the near-infrared laser, a tight phase lock of a comb line to a distributed feedback laser is possible with 2 MHz of locking bandwidth and 200 mrad of residual phase noise. A characterization of the whole scheme is provided, showing the limits of the electrical actuation, which we bypassed using the optical actuation. Both comb degrees of freedom can be locked by performing electrical injection locking of the repetition rate in parallel. However, we show that the QCL acts as a fast near-infrared light detector such that injection locking can also be achieved through modulation of the near-infrared light. These results on the coherent control of a QCL frequency comb are particularly interesting for coherent averaging in dual-comb spectroscopy and for mid-infrared frequency comb applications requiring high spectral purity.
Emergence trap developed to capture adult large pine weevil Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its parasite Bracon hylobii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Moore R.
Published: August 2023

A novel type of emergence trap capable of capturing and separating ‘live’insect catches is described. The trap was shown to be 96% efficient at capturing newly emergent adult Hylobius abietis Linnaeus on bare ground and at least 82% efficient over stumps on a weedy Sitka spruce clearfell. The trap was more than 80% efficient at capturing Bracon hylobii Ratzeburg, the most commonly found parasite of H. abietis. It was also shown to be effective at capturing adult H. abietis of unknown age (98%), indicating that it could also be used to trap out H. abietis from known areas to estimate on-site overwintering densities. Fifty-four percent of newly emergent weevils were captured within 12 h of release on bare mineral soils. Forty-two percent of unknown age weevils and 52% of parasites were captured within 1 h of their release within the trap. The rapid rates of capture mean that when traps are checked frequently they can be used to reflect accurately temporal patterns of emergence. Its potential for use in control programmes and ecological studies is discussed.
Interrelationship between the raspberry cane midge, Resseliella theobaldi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoid, Aprostocetus epicharmus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Vétek G. , Thuróczy C. , Pénzes B.
Published: August 2023

The raspberry cane midge Resseliella theobaldi (Barnes) is one of the most important pests of cultivated red raspberry Rubus idaeus L. throughout Europe. For the last 50 years several studies have been made on the biology, life cycle and control of the pest. Some data can also be found on its natural enemies, but among these species only the chalcidoid Tetrastichus inunctus Nees turned out to be important in controlling raspberry cane midge populations. However, this species name is now ambiguous as the type is lost. In the present study, Aprostocetus epicharmus Walker was the chalcidoid species that parasitized the larvae of the raspberry cane midge, and its biology seems to be very similar to that of T. inunctus. It is therefore probable that the eulophid species earlier referred to as T. inunctus in the literature is A. epicharmus. Besides discussing this problem, particular consideration and detailed data are given on the biology and life cycle of A. epicharmus in relation to R. theobaldi. Different factors having effect on the population dynamics of both species are also discussed as results of a survey on several red raspberry cultivars, carried out in Hungary between 2002 and 2005.
Non-host plant extracts reduce oviposition of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and enhance parasitism by its parasitoid Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Liu Shu-Sheng , Li Yue-Hong , Lou Yong-Gen
Published: August 2023

Botanical preparations, usually from non-host plants, can be used to manipulate the behaviour of insect pests and their natural enemies. In this study, the effects of extracts of Chrysanthemum morifolium, a non-host plant of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), on the olfactory and oviposition responses of this phytophagous insect and on levels of parasitism by its specialist parasitoid Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov) were examined, using Chinese cabbage Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis as the test host plant. Olfactometer tests showed that volatiles of chrysanthemum extract-treated host plants were less attractive to P. xylostella females than those from untreated host plants; and in contrast, volatiles of the chrysanthemum extract-treated host plants were more attractive to females of its parasitoid C. plutellae than those from untreated host plants. Oviposition preference tests showed that P. xylostella females laid only a small proportion of their eggs on chrysanthemum extract-treated host plants, while ovipositing parasitoid females parasitized a much higher proportion of host larvae feeding on the treated host plants than on untreated host plants. These results suggest that certain non-host plant compounds, when applied onto a host plant, may render the plant less attractive to a phytophagous insect but more attractive to its parasitoids. Application of such non-host plant compounds can be explored to develop push-pull systems to reduce oviposition by a pest insect and at the same time enhance parasitism by its parasitoids in crops.