bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conservative management and surgical approaches in the treatment of Peripheral Obstructive Arterial Disease (POAD): An overview
Authors: Pinto Maria Eduarda Guelfi , Moreira Giovana Júlia Melo , de Lima Ana Paula Mariana Freitas Costa , Stica Marcelle Pancha , Baptista Bruna Colombo , Amorim Noemi Ulcris Andrade , de Toledo Estela Morais Alves , Cavalcante Flavia Roberta Posterli , Solidade Cassio Humberto Rocha , da Silva Thatiane Leite
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Peripheral Obstructive Arterial Disease (PAD) is a condition in which there is a narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply the lower limbs. The main objective of this systematic review was to identify studies that addressed the pathophysiology, epidemiology and signs and symptoms of PAD, with special emphasis on surgical intervention strategies. Methods:The search was conducted in renowned databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Cochrane Library, LILACS, UpToDate and Embase, using controlled descriptors from DeCS. In order to effectively search for studies, descriptors such as "Peripheral Arterial Disease", "Vascular Surgical Procedures", "Myocardial Revascularization", "Angioplasty", "Vascular Grafting", "Thromboendarterectomy" and "Vascular Surgery" were used. These descriptors were combined with Boolean operators "OR" and "AND" to improve the precision of the search. The methodological approach adopted allowed for a thorough and comprehensive search, ensuring the inclusion of relevant studies. Results: The final sample consisted of 28 articles published in indexed scientific journals, addressing different aspects of POAD, such as symptomatology, epidemiology and surgical approach. The articles were available in full for analysis and were written in Portuguese. Analysis of the studies provided a better understanding of the pathophysiology of POAD, identified the main symptoms and examined the different surgical approaches used in treatment.Conclusion: The comprehensive systematic review of the literature on POAD provided valuable information on the disease and its surgical treatment modalities. The results obtained are essential for guiding clinical practice and assisting in decision-making regarding the management of POAD. The methodological approach adopted ensured the inclusion of relevant studies and provided a solid basis for understanding PAOD and providing appropriate care to patients.
Načelo jednakosti u praksi našeg Ustavnog suda i u uporednom pravu
Authors: Breneselović Luka
Published: March 2024

U praksi Ustavnog suda načelo jednakosti iz čl. 21 Ustava tumači se kao jedna specifična akcesorna garantija čiji domen primene zavisi od povrede nekog (drugog) subjektivnog prava. U radu se ističe da se suprotno tome u uporednom pravu, naročito u praksi nemačkog Saveznog ustavnog suda, načelo jednakosti shvata kao samostalna garantija. Ističe se da pravno shvatanje našeg Ustavnog suda stvara u pogledu metode primene prava teškoće; osim toga, akcesorno shvatanje počiva na analogiji sa međunarodnopravnim instrumentima čija metodološka pravilnost (pravilnost analogije) nije izvesna. Ukazuje se da u praksi i teoriji materijalnog ustavnog prava u inostranstvu postoji jasna tendencija da se načelu jednakosti, iz godine u godinu, prizna što širi domen samostalne primene. Time je uporednopravno indikovana potreba da se postepeno učine koraci ka preispitivanju domaće ustavnosudske prakse.
Marginalije o mržnji u srpskom krivičnom pravu
Authors: Delić Nataša , Kolarić Dragana
Published: March 2024

Rad se bavi kompleksnim pitanjem krivičnopravnog značaja mržnje. Naime, 2012. godine mržnja je prvi put, u vidu mržnje zasnovane na diskriminaciji, izdvo- jena iz okolnosti „pobude iz kojih je krivično delo učinjeno” i predviđeno je da ima značaj obavezne otežavajuće okolnosti. Shodno tome, u prvom delu rada u fokusu interesovanja su opšta pravila prema kojima mržnja svoje krivičnopravno dejstvo ostvaruje na planu kažnjavanja: kao fakultativna otežavajuća okolnost (čl. 54 st. 1 KZ) i kao obavezna otežavajuća okolnost (čl. 54a KZ). Teorijsko razmatranje dopunjeno je kraćim izvodima iz ilustrativnih odluka domaćih sudova i Evropskog suda za ljudska prava. U ovom delu rada dato je i nekoliko predloga de lege ferenda. Budući da su u odredbi čl. 54a ključni pojmovi mržnja, kao vrsta negativne emocije i diskriminatorski stav, kao vrsta predrasude, krivičnopravna analiza je sadržinski bogaćena odgovarajućim psihološkim znanjima. U drugom delu rada, pažnja je usmerena na zakonske opise krivičnih dela u kojima se mržnja neposredno javlja kao obeležje bića, to su sledeća krivična dela: izazivanje nacionalne, rasne i verske mržnje i netrpeljivosti (čl. 317 st. 1 KZ), nasilničko ponašanje na sportskoj priredbi ili javnom skupu (čl. 344a st. 1 KZ) i rasna i druga diskriminacija (čl. 387 st. 3, 4 i 5 KZ). Umesto zaključka, apo- strofirano je nekoliko značajnih pitanja koja su okupirala pažnju J. Ćirića tokom sveo- buhvatne i produbljene multidisciplinarne teorijske obrade fenomena mržnje „uopšte” i govora mržnje, a sadržinski su povezana sa prethodno obrađenom problematikom.
Šta je zločin (kriminološki aspekt)?
Authors: Ignjatović Đorđe
Published: March 2024

U tekstu se autor pozabavio jednim od klјučnih pojmova kojim operiše (ne samo) kriminologija, a o kome postoji veliki broj najrazličitijih shvatanja. I na ovom primeru se pokazuje koliko bogatstvo pristupa se u kriminologiji može naći čak i kod definisanja osnovnih pojmova. Ovaj tekst kao prilog Zbornika posvećenog dr Jovanu Ćiriću ima i simbolično značenje: naš prerano preminuli kolega bio je obdaren retkim darom zapažanja i spreman da dovede u pitanje mnoge ustalјene kategorije koje su drugima izgledale sasvim nesporne.
Effect of Carbohydrate Diet Program on Urine Ketone Positivity with A Long Time on A Diet of One until Three Years
Authors: Maya Kadek , Pauzi Iswari , Zaetun Siti
Published: March 2024

Carbohydrate diet is a diet pattern that reduces carbohydrate consumption. Therefore, the body will use fat as an alternative energy source. The continuous use of fat causes the accumulation of fatty acids so it is often the cause of ketone positivity in the urine. Objective: Find out the effect of a carbohydrate diet program on the positivity of urine ketones. Method this research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample used was urine from respondents who had been on a carbohydrate diet for 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years, then urine ketones were examined using the dipstick method. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test with a confidence value (α = 0.05). Result: The sample in this study amounted to 45 samples, with a total of 23 samples of positive ketones and 22 samples of negative ketones. The results of the Chi-Square test obtained an Asymp.sig value of 0.009 <0.05 (α) which indicates that the carbohydrate diet program has a significant effect on the positivity of urine ketones. The carbohydrate diet program affects urine ketone levels.
X, Y ve Z Kuşaklarının Spora ve Spor Markalarına Eğilimlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Ceyhun Serdar , Karacan Doğan Pınar , Özman Cemal , Dokuzoğlu Gökhan , Devecioğlu Sebahattin
Published: March 2024

X, Y ve Z kuşaklarının spor ve spor markalarına olan eğilimleri, her kuşağın özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterebilir. X, Y ve Z kuşaklarının spor ve spor markalarına olan eğilimlerini incelemek, pazarlama ve reklam stratejileri oluştururken çok önemli bir faktördür. Çalışmamızın amacı X, Y ve Z kuşaklarında yer alan bireylerin spora ve spor markalarına olan eğilimlerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmamızın evrenini Türkiye’deki bireyler, örneklemini ise X, Y ve Z kuşağına giren yaştaki 511 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmamızın modelini nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama modeli oluşmaktadır. İstatistiksel açıdan, frekans ve yüzde hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. X kuşağında en çok sevilen spor branşı Futbol olurken (n=15 %36,6), en düşük hentbol ve tekvando oluşturmaktadır (n=1 %1,4). Y kuşağında en çok sevilen spor branşı Futbol olurken (n=90 %20,5), en düşük karate oluşturmaktadır (n=2 %0,5). Z kuşağında en çok sevilen spor branşı Futbol olurken (n=94 %23), en düşük karate oluşturmaktadır (n=1 %0,2). X kuşağında en çok takip ettikleri spor organizasyonları değişkeninde en yüksek Türkiye Süper Ligi oluştururken (n=32 %34,4), en düşük oran NFL, at yarışları, yelken yarışları, outdoor yarışları ve Formula 1 yarışları oluşturmaktadır (n=1 %1,1). Y kuşağında en çok takip ettikleri spor organizasyonları değişkeninde en yüksek Türkiye Süper Ligi oluştururken (n=140 %26,8), en düşük oran NFL yarışları oluşturmaktadır (n=4 %0,8). Z kuşağında en çok takip ettikleri spor organizasyonları değişkeninde en yüksek Türkiye Süper Ligi oluştururken (n=143 %27,9), en düşük oran at yarışları oluşturmaktadır (n=4 %0,8). Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre tüm kuşaklara göre Adidas ve Puma markaları en çok tercih edilen marka olmuştur. Tüm kuşaklar en çok Trendyol ve Hepsiburada web sitelerinde alışveriş yapmaktadır. Yine tüm kuşaklar ödemelerini en çok kredi kartı ile alışveriş yaptığı görülmektedir.
CATEGORISING CATFISH, JEWFISH AND EEL MOTIFS IN LAURA (QUINKAN) ROCK ART, CAPE YORK PENINSULA, AUSTRALIA
Authors: Noelene Cole  , Christine Musgrave  , Roseanne George  , Lynley Wallis
Published: March 2024

Fish motifs in Aboriginal rock art of the Laura area (Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia) include a heterogenous group that has been imprecisely classified by rock art researchers. By analysing motif attributes, style and contexts (including natural populations), we characterised three categories: fork-tailed catfish (Neoarius paucus), eel-tailed catfish (Neosilurus spp.) and eel (Anguilla reinhardti). We label the categories with the local names ‘catfish’, ‘jewfish’ and ‘eel’. The catfish cohort has a relatively naturalistic style, while the eel exhibits anatomical trends of eels, distinctive arrangements, and stylistic overlaps with jewfish that may denote shared meanings. Ambiguity is confirmed as a cultural value and communication mode of the rock art system.
Existence of entropy solutions to nonlinear degenerate weighted elliptic p(.)-Laplacian problem and L1-data
Authors: KADDIRI Adnane , JAMEA Ahmed , LAGHDIR Mohamed , HASSOUNE El Mehdi
Published: March 2024

Our aim in this paper is to study the existence result of entropy solution for a specific type of nonlinear degenerate weighted elliptic  p(.)-Laplacian problems with Dirichlet-type boundary condition and  L1 data. In the framework of the theory of weighted Sobolev spaces with variable exponents, we use the regularization approach combined with a priori estimates.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan Surat Masuk dan Surat Keluar Menggunakan Metode Agile Development
Authors: Rizaldy Agung , Simorangkir Arnold Cristopel
Published: March 2024

Salah satu lembaga pemerintah yang menangani pendidikan dan budaya adalah Kantor Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Pelalawan. Administrasi yang terjadi tidak terlepas dari pengarsipan surat atau administrasi surat, seperti surat masuk dan surat keluar. Kantor Dinas Dikbud masih menggunakan sistem pengarsipan yang kurang efektif untuk surat masuk dan surat keluar. Tetap saja, proses dilakukan dengan memisahkan surat masuk dan surat keluar dan menyimpannya di rak lemari arsip. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membangun sistem pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar yang menggunakan database sebagai penyimpanan data, sehingga proses pencarian dan penyimpanan data menjadi lebih mudah dan dapat menggantikan sistem arsip saat ini yang dilakukan secara manual. Penulis membuat sistem ini dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan Agile dan pemodelan OOAD (Object Oriented Analysis Design). Sistem informasi pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar ini akan memudahkan proses pengarsipan dan pencarian data surat untuk Dinas DIKBUD Kabupaten Pelalawan dan mengurangi kehilangan dan kesalahan pencatatan data surat.
Emotion Analysis Using Improved Cat Swarm Optimization with Machine Learning for Speech-impaired People
Authors: Alshahrani Haya Mesfer , Yaseen Ishfaq , Drar Suhanda
Published: March 2024

Emotion analysis is an effective method for improving interaction and understanding for speech-impaired people. We can provide the best interaction and support emotional well-being by analyzing the emotion conveyed through speech. Using deep learning (DL) or machine learning algorithms for training an emotion classification method. This might include training classifiers namely random forests, deep neural networks, or support vector machines. It is noteworthy that emotion analysis could be effective; however, it is crucial to consider individual differences and context while interpreting emotion. Furthermore, ensuring data protection and privacy and obtaining consent are vital features to consider while working with sensitive speech data. Therefore, this study presents an emotion analysis approach using improved cat swarm optimization with machine learning (EA-ICSOML) technique. The EA-ICSOML technique applies the concepts of computer vision and DL to identify various types of emotions. For feature vector generation, the ShuffleNet model is used in this work. To adjust the hyperparameters compared to the ShuffleNet system, the ICSO algorithm is used. Finally, the recognition and classification of emotions are performed using the Transient Chaotic Neural Network approach. The performance validation of the EA-ICSOML technique is validated on facial emotion databases. The simulation result inferred the improved emotion recognition results of the EA-ICSOML approach compared to other recent models in terms of different evaluation measures.
O QUE REVELAM OS DOCUMENTOS OFICIAIS PARA A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NO BRASIL E NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Ferreira Suzanna Neves , Portela Renata Rinaldi
Published: March 2024

This investigation is part of research in the field of teacher training. It is the result of an ongoing doctoral study and its main objective is to analyze the conceptual guidelines for professional teacher training recommended in the resolutions on teacher training in Brazil. Based on the National Curriculum Guidelines for teacher training, the article asks: what is the professional teacher profile expressed in these documents for working in basic education schools? Documentary analysis was used to answer this question. The documentary corpus of this research comprises the following public documents available online: a) CNE/CP Resolutions 1/2002 and 2/2002; b) CNE/CP Resolution 2/2015; c) CNE/CP Resolution 2/2019; d) CNE/CP Resolution 1/2006; e) CEE/SP Deliberations 111/2012 and 154/2017; f) Political Pedagogical Project of the Pedagogy Course at São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente Campus. The study signals a profound setback for teacher training. CNE/CP Resolution 2/2019 determines the organization of a standardized curriculum in line with the learning prescribed in the National Common Core Curriculum for Basic Education, with the centrality of practice as its guiding principles. In this way, it imposes a curriculum for the country's degree courses that vehemently affronts the constitutional principle of didactic-scientific and administrative autonomy and the plurality of pedagogical conception of Brazilian universities. In addition, the distance between the university and the school has an impact on the compulsory supervised internship.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE CLIMA ESCOLAR, DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE VALORES: ANÁLISE DA LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Claudiele Carla Marques da , Menin Maria Suzana de Stefano
Published: March 2024

The article is an excerpt from the doctoral research entitled “Relationships between sociomoral environment, school performance and social perspective on moral judgment: analyzes in public schools” and aims to present and discuss the relationships that are established between the sociomoral environment of the school, school performance of students. students and the development of moral values according to the literature in the area. To meet the proposed objectives, this research is predominantly qualitative, in view of the complexity of the studied phenomenon. The school climate refers to the perceptions lived and experienced by the members that constitute the school and is configured as more lasting characteristics, capable of determining a certain stability to these perceptions and, for this reason, grants this space its own identity that distinguishes it other similar environments. The surveys analyzed show that the school climate has an intense connection with students' academic performance and personal and social development, as students are sensitive to the school environment, and this environment not only influences their behavior and adaptation, but also their learning in their own environment. In addition, the positive school climate influences how teachers feel at school, how they teach and how long they stay in the same institution. That is, research indicates that the school climate increases or minimizes emotional exhaustion and feelings of low personal fulfillment in teachers, having a direct and indirect impact on students' school performance.
Towards a Decentralized Blockchain-Based Resource Monitoring Solution For Distributed Environments
Authors: Dos Passos Rodrigo B. , Matteussi Kassiano J. , Dos Anjos Julio C. S. , Geyer Claudio F. R.
Published: March 2024

The increasing number of connected users and devices to Cloud, Fog, and Edge environments encouraged the creation of many applications and services in the most varied areas and domains. Such services are highly distributed on top of heterogeneous infrastructures that require real-time monitoring. The monitoring process may be considered a complex task since it requires experienced users and robust cloud-based solutions to support the most varied needs in such scenarios. The main problem relies on the centralization of the monitoring approaches for cloud-centric solutions that represent a central point of failure in end-to-end communication, compromising the application's security and performance in case of high latency or downtime. In this context, blockchain networks enable exciting features such as decentralization, immutability, and traceability with higher security levels. This work is towards a blockchain-based and decentralized resource monitoring solution for distributed environments. The proposed solution integrates blockchain technology to continuously monitor, store, and safely broadcast Operating System performance counters in a highly decentralized fashion. The results demonstrated that a blockchain-based monitoring tool based on Smart Contract is feasible and that it may serve as an entry point for varied solutions for monitoring, security, scheduling, and so on.
Lanchester’s Fighting Strength as a Battle Outcome Predictor Applied to a Simple Fire and Manoeuvre Wargame
Authors: Flanagan Mark , Lambert David , C. Lipscombe Trevor , Northey Adrian , M. Robinson Ian
Published: March 2024

Lanchester’s equations developed a mathematical understanding of the process of combat, leading to the concept of ‘fighting strength’, the product of fighting efficiency and numbers of troops squared. In this paper we demonstrate that ‘fighting strength’ is a key predictor of outcomes using a simple fire and manoeuvre wargame, set on a Mobius Strip. Lanchester’s equations are solved showing ‘saddle points’, where beneath defeat is certain and above which victory is certain. The influence of tactics is explored using experimental design. The probability of loss in the game with consecutive dice rolls is solved. ‘Fighting strength’ predicted the final result in 33 out of 34 wargames with asymmetric forces. In addition Lanchester’s equations also provide solutions for the % number of casualties in the wargames and the length of time each battle was fought. Based on initial pre-combat fighting efficiencies and numbers of troops between two opponents, a table of likely military strategies are presented to account for the differing ‘fighting strengths’ that best describe possible strategies that can succeed.
Unveiling the Significance of the ‘Bathtub’ Shape in Blood Glucose Curve Analysis
Authors: Rasheed Fetian Issa
Published: March 2024

Despite extensive research on insulin usage in diabetes, an effective method for regulating insulin dosage and timing has not emerged. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is crucial for diabetes self-care, but its utility is limited in intense insulin treatments. Moreover, persistent nighttime hypoglycaemia anxiety and neuropathic gastric issues pose significant challenges for patients with elevated nocturnal blood sugar and frequent post-meal hypoglycaemia. The “bathtub” curve outlines a daily glucose profile where levels spike after dinner, normalizing only after morning correction. This chapter focuses on addressing the difficulties posed by this glucose pattern for healthcare providers and researchers. The insights offered here could prove invaluable for diabetes management, potentially mitigating associated complications.
Nutrigenomics and Integrative Medicine: Shaping the Future of Cancer Management
Authors: Cardim Lessa Roberta , Alves Fabio
Published: March 2024

Studies have shown that the treatment incidence of onset cancers significantly rose worldwide after the 90s decade. Multidisciplinary cancer care teams are challenged to keep a survivor’s group’s physical and psychological well-being that presents a long-life perspective. In this way, there is a rise in the search for integrative medicine as complementary or alternative cancer treatments. Although the general information around these subjects is plentiful and diverse, scientific literature still explores the evidence for establishing the possible benefits of nutraceuticals’ bioactive molecules as cancer alternative interventions. Usually, complementary therapy is used to relieve the treatment’s side effects in cancer patients. In addition to conventional treatment, mind-body interventions support patients’ spiritual, emotional, and mental health. Over the last few years, there have been a growing number of studies with significant results on natural products that protect against oral mucositis progression. This narrative review surveys what is known about global patient healthcare as an integrative part of oncologic therapy. The goal is to elucidate the importance of supporting patients and families through complementary therapy with conventional cancer treatments. As a result, these strategies are to soften the impact of the side effects, improve well-being and strengthen the psychological outlook. Ultimately, clinicians and patients must work together to select the best treatment options based on each case’s benefits.
Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sakar Kenan , Cinar Nese
Published: March 2024

Hypoglycemia is a common problem in patients with type 1 diabetes and can be asymptomatic, mild, and severe. Despite therapeutic approaches and technological advances, hypoglycemia continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients. Impairment in counterregulatory defense mechanisms and unawareness of hypoglycemia are the main risk factors for hypoglycemia. Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia cause an awareness of hypoglycemia and defective counter-regulation, resulting in hypoglycemia-associated autonomic deficiency (HAAF) syndrome. Efforts are needed to prevent hypoglycemia, and approaches include glucose monitoring, patient education, and medication adjustment. Advances in technology, such as insulin pumps and devices that allow continuous glucose monitoring, can significantly reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in patients when used appropriately.
Perspective Chapter: The Primacy of Freedom over Equality as a Condition for Peace from Jean-Jacques Rousseau to Pope John Paul II
Authors: Kieliszek Zdzisław
Published: March 2024

The author answers the question of which of the two values - freedom or equality – is more fundamental to peace in human relations. Four projects of public order are analyzed. First, J.J. Rousseau’s postulate that the fundamental condition for a peacefully functioning society is to guarantee equality among its members is discussed. Then, Karl Raimund Popper’s opposing idea that the fundamental principle of peaceful public life is the protection of freedom is presented. Then, A. de Tocqueville’s idea that religion plays a key role in a peaceful society, since its presence in the public sphere guarantees effective protection of citizens’ freedom and serves peace, is evoked. It also analyzes John Paul II’s observation that the Christian vision of man is in harmony with the ethos of a peaceful society whose fundamental value is freedom. It turns out that freedom is a more fundamental value than equality for peaceful relations between people. Moreover, the effectiveness of the defense of human freedom and the building of peace depends directly on the active presence of Christians in the public square. This activity should be manifested in the implementation of various educational and social projects by Christians.
Multilingualism and Specialized Languages: A Keyword-Based Approach to Research Publications
Authors: Curado Fuentes Alejandro
Published: March 2024

LSP (Languages for Specific Purposes) research can be represented by publications in a highly ranked international research journal, Ibérica, belonging to AELFE (European Association of Languages for Specific Purposes), and the international AELFE conferences. The present study explored these two research outputs as sample resources in order to describe specialized language research foci and directions integrating multilingualism over the past decade (2012–2022). The methodology for this study followed a keyword analysis, based on comparing the journal articles and conference papers with a larger reference corpus of academic writing. The results highlighted LSP research-related keywords at the top of the wordlists and salient thematic denotations derived from the contexts of these keywords. It was found that four main dimensions are distinctive in relation to multilingualism in these texts extracted from the journal articles and conference papers: Methodology, English as a lingua franca, groups of learners, and collaborative projects. While research articles tend to focus on methodological issues, conference papers describe more multilingual projects taking place in LSP contexts. It was also found that multilingualism especially stands out in teaching methods, translation, and lexicology. Findings indicate that multilingual conceptualizations are important, even though English dominates, in LSP research.
Perspective chapter: NURSE-LED EDUCATION FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS
Authors: Stoilova Stefka
Published: March 2024

As an integral part of disease monitoring and management of patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis, patient education is highly recommended to help patients optimize their health and well-being rather than be limited to the disease. Rheumatology nurses have been shown to play a major role in patient education, thus enabling them to increase their knowledge about their health condition as well as change their health behavior. Since patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis have different educational needs, patient education can be provided in a variety of ways tailored to the specific and unique needs of each patient. The extent to which nurses in various regions of the world are involved in patient education depends on both their professional background and the organization of the relevant health system.
Comparative Analysis of Microfinance Governance: Implications for Impact of Social Inequality and Poverty Reduction
Authors: Nazim Uddin Md. , Bt. Saad Norma , Bin Ismail Yusof , Nahar Lutfun
Published: March 2024

The chapter looks at the challenges of microfinance governance, namely how to balance the interests of the poor with neoliberal governmentality, poverty rates, and Bangladesh’s unique challenges. The study closes the information gap regarding the impact of microfinance governance systems on poverty alleviation, financial performance, sustainability, and social effects. The literature evaluation covers the Impact of COVID-19 and climatic shocks on rural welfare, MFI financial sustainability, and microfinance empowerment. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary data from MFI annual reports, publications from the Microcredit Regulatory Authority, and relevant literature is done using Porter’s Competitive Strategy Theory. The research found that MFIs need inclusive governance with stakeholder viewpoints to fight poverty and improve social responsibility. It reveals Bangladeshi MFIs have decreased poverty and increased financial inclusion, but more strategic governance improvements are required for optimum benefit. MFIs should reduce borrowing and budget deficits, combine Qardhasan and Zakat, and prioritize income-generating activities before lending. This study shows how governance affects MFI performance and emphasizes the necessity for strategic adjustments to eliminate poverty and social inequity. The research found that Bangladeshi MFIs must balance poverty alleviation and financial viability. Future laws should protect microfinance’s goals from profit maximization.
Conflicts in PK-12 Schools: Causes, Consequences and Management
Authors: Acharya Parul
Published: March 2024

This book chapter will focus on exploring the relationships between conflict management, communication, burnout, organizational support and effective strategies to cope with workplace stress in PK-12 school districts. The majority of work on conflict management focuses on corporations and for-profit organizations. However, teachers in PK-12 school districts are an important component of a country’s workforce. This book chapter would discuss empirical research work that has examined these constructs from the teacher’s perspective who are working in PK-12 school districts. Specifically, the relationships between conflict management, communication, burnout, organizational and coworker support will be examined. The strategies that teachers utilize to cope with stress and burnout will be discussed.
Development of a Membrane Oxygenator for Long-Term ECMO Support Using Fine Silicone Hollow Fiber
Authors: Yokoi Ryo , Anraku Masaki , Takai Madoka , Isoyama Takashi , Hara Shintaro , Sato Kazuaki , Watanabe Fumikazu
Published: March 2024

A membrane oxygenator is an artificial organ that temporarily replaces the gas exchange functions of the lungs during medical procedures such as open-heart surgery or as respiratory support for patients with severe respiratory or cardiopulmonary failure. It can also serve as a bridge to lung transplantation. For long-term use of several months, the oxygenator must have durability and safety. Silicone rubber was focused on for its excellent gas permeability. A membrane oxygenator using fine silicone hollow fiber membranes was developed. This membrane has high permeability and no plasma leakage, making it potentially suitable for long-term lung support. An in vitro experiment with bovine blood evaluated the developed device. With a blood flow rate of 3 L/min, the oxygen transfer rate of the oxygenator with 2 m2 membrane area was about 36% higher, and the carbon dioxide transfer rate about 28% higher, than the 1 m2 membrane area oxygenator. However, the pressure drop increased with larger membrane area. The goal is to develop a silicone hollow fiber membrane oxygenator that can achieve low pressure drop and withstand long-term use.
Polymeric Nano-Emulsion in Functional Textile Finishing
Authors: Javaid Sana , Saleem Nadia , Ur Rehman Shafi
Published: March 2024

Advancement in nanotechnology brings a revolutionary change in the field of textile finishing. Textile finishing is a chemical or a mechanical process to impart functional properties to the textile to provide comfort for wearer. Today’s textile manufacturers focus on the manufacture of smart and functional textiles that are equipped with antifouling, anti-wrinkle, crease-resistant, water-repellent, flame-retardant, and soil-repellent properties for consumers’ safety and well-being. A wide variety of functional chemical finishes are available in the market to meet the ongoing challenges in the textile sector. Nano-emulsions significantly contribute to a wide variety of functional finishes to provide advanced hi-tech applications for present and future textile consumers. Both natural and synthetic polymers have been utilized for the synthesis of functional finishes by employing polymeric nano-emulsions on cotton, wool polyester fiber as well as textile. Thus, nano-emulsions provide an inherent property to textile and stimulate the economic growth of functional textile market.
Perspective Chapter: Basic Rules of Air Supremacy in the Last Thirty Years
Authors: Hovhannisyan Artsrun
Published: March 2024

Modern warfare has brought with it the Electro-Fire Battle and Electro-Fire Fight. These are the new forms and methods of operational actions with no clear boundaries and only higher level of them are related to war. Operation “Desert Fox” carried out by the United States and Great Britain in Iraq in 1998 can be considered as a prototype of electro-fire action (operational level action). It was a 73-hour operation, during which four rocket-aircraft strikes were implemented lasting 6–9 hours. These correct electro-fire strikes and operations can break an anti-aircraft system of any density and quality. We can see these kinds of patterns in the wars of the last half century in the Middle East, Artsakh and Ukraine. This study is based on the facts of the wars carried out based on scientific-technical and military-scientific developments taking place in the world in the last thirty years. The method of combining facts and results, sometimes numerical results, was used for the study. Certainly, in military science the measurability of justifications is always difficult to prove with numerical data, sometimes they occur directly with political acts and results, however, it becomes possible to bring out patterns from several examples.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in hip and knee replacement surgery: current concepts and future trends
Authors: Pace Valerio , Marzano Fabrizio , Carriero Bruno , Filippi Nicola , Antonucci Adriana , Topa Domenico , Porcino Sebastiano , Altarocca Alberto , Perugia Dario , Lanzetti Riccardo
Published: March 2024

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been recently studied and introduced in order to provide and develop peri-operative multidisciplinary programs able to shorten length of hospital stay (LOS), reduce complications, readmissions and costs for patients undergoing major surgery. The number of patients requiring and undergoing total knee replacement and total hip replacement surgery has been increasing for years; however individualized and standardized rehabilitation protocols after surgery are still lacking in most centers. Postoperative joint function, pain control, patient satisfaction, shortest possible length of stay and better quality of life are uppermost priorities for results related to patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Therefore the knowledge and possibly the implementation of such protocols should be taken into account by all institution. In fact, by utilizing ERAS protocols, the orthopedic surgeons would be able to deliver not just good results strictly related to the surgery itself, but also provide good results in terms of pain, function, mobility, patients’ satisfaction, and complications compared to patients undergoing routine rehabilitation. There is enough scientific evidence that ERAS protocols should be seen as a valuable and efficient aid for the orthopedic surgeons and a safe and effective option of the patient after joint arthroplasty surgery.
Perspective Chapter: Evolving Education – In Search of a Model for Being Well
Authors: A. Cooper Karyn , E. White Robert
Published: March 2024

Violence in schools is rising around the world. Causes are many—neoliberalism contracts curricula while technology often reduces our understanding to binaries. Materialism job insecurity, lack of opportunity, economic instability, mass migration, civil unrest, armed conflict and famine contribute to a less than happy society. These factors may currently be beyond our control. However, we can control how we school our younger generations. There is no simple or single response, and it is incumbent upon all members of society to invest in education. Beginning with students, this chapter discusses their needs and wants before identifying what teachers can do to improve education by increasing wellbeing. We then move to administrators in schools and school districts, before identifying how universities and education programs can help to develop a sense of wellbeing. Finally, we come full circle and address the society as an extension of our education community. At issue is the development of a society that is capable of being well.
New Formulations of Platelet-Rich Plasma: The Relevance of Extraplatelet Molecules
Authors: Mercader Ruiz Jon , Beitia Maider , Delgado Diego , Sánchez Pello , Miren Bilbao Ane , Fiz Nicolas , Aizpurua Beatriz , Azofra Juan , Sánchez Mikel
Published: March 2024

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological product with regenerative capacity. It is used in different fields of medicine such as traumatology, dentistry and dermatology, among others. Classically, PRP has been obtained by centrifugation, which generates a plasma enriched in platelets and their components compared to basal levels. However, this process does not enrich all the biomolecules present outside the platelets. Recently, different collection systems have been developed based on different processes such as filtration, sedimentation, ultrasound, microfluidics or water absorption. These systems often provide a more efficient collection in terms of enrichment or speed of collection. Importantly, some of them also favor the enrichment of extraplatelet components. This is potentially an advantage over other systems, given that extraplatelet factors such as IGF-1 or HGF have been reported to play a key role in contributing to the regenerative capacity of PRP.
Molecular alterations, histopathology and squash cytology of Meningioma
Authors: Kumar Chowhan Amit , Agrawal Mousmi
Published: March 2024

Meningioma originates from the arachnoid cap cells of duramater. It is a slow growing tumour of Central Nervous System. It is seen more commonly in females at around 66 years of age. The most common genetic abnormality is monosomy of chromosome 22. Since the inception of World Health Organisation (WHO), meningioma was graded based on histo-morphological appearance. At present, they are categorised into 3 grades. This chapter describes the molecular alterations, histopathological grading, histopathological subtypes and squash cytology of meningioma.
ECMO Utilization in Lung Transplantation
Authors: Asija Richa , Flatley Meaghan , Kanade Rahul , Lemaitre Philippe
Published: March 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a mechanical device that supports or replaces heart and lung function. It has been implemented with increasing effectiveness as a bridge to lung transplant in lung transplant candidates who fail maximum medical management. Depending on the physiologic needs of the patient, various ECMO strategies can be implemented and modified as the patient’s clinical condition evolves. ECMO can also be used as an intraoperative adjunct to manage poorly tolerated single-lung ventilation or elevated pulmonary artery pressures. ECMO in the post-operative setting can also be used to minimize ventilator injury in the face of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) as well as to prevent development of pulmonary edema. This chapter will describe ECMO physiology and configurations along with bridge and support strategies used in lung transplantation.
Applying Person-Centered Care Model in the Postoperative Period of Renal Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Nursing Approach
Authors: Costa Dilar , Silva Joana , Oliveira Jéssica
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the vital role of education in caring for kidney transplant recipients, underscoring the imperative for personalized, patient-centered educational programs. The analysis of nursing care quality standards, concerning health promotion, complication prevention, and autonomy, highlights the critical relevance of education in post-transplant management. Educational strategies, including participatory models and interdisciplinary approaches in the teaching process, are discussed. The conclusion underscores the nurse’s pivotal role in comprehensively understanding the patient and effectively promoting resocialization after transplantation.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Stability of Cosmetic Nanoemulsions
Authors: Ajayi Omolade
Published: March 2024

In designing cosmetics and personal care products, the evolution of nanoemulsions has catalyzed groundbreaking advancements in enhancing the efficiency and delivery of actives aimed at rejuvenating and fortifying skin health. The ability of nanoemulsions to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic actives while navigating biological barriers ensures their precise and targeted release, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while mitigating adverse effects. This chapter aims to elucidate the pivotal role of structural stability on the integrity, shelf-life, and functionality of these formulations, thereby driving innovation and progress in the formulation and design of highly effective cosmetics. By exploring the fundamental principles governing stability within these formulations, this chapter seeks to elucidate the critical factors shaping their design and longevity, ultimately paving the way for innovative advancements in the field.
Time Series Classification: A Review of Algorithms and Implementations
Authors: Faouzi Johann
Published: March 2024

Time series classification is a subfield of machine learning with numerous real-life applications. Due to the temporal structure of the input data, standard machine learning algorithms are usually not well suited to work on raw time series. Over the last decades, many algorithms have been proposed to improve the predictive performance and the scalability of state-of-the-art models. Many approaches have been investigated, ranging from deriving new metrics to developing bag-of-words models to imaging time series to artificial neural networks. In this review, we present in detail the major contributions made to this field and mention their most prominent extensions. We dedicate a section to each category of algorithms, with an intuitive introduction on the general approach, detailed theoretical descriptions and explicit illustrations of the major contributions, and mentions of their most prominent extensions. At last, we dedicate a section to publicly available resources, namely data sets and open-source software, for time series classification. A particular emphasis is made on enumerating the availability of the mentioned algorithms in the most popular libraries. The combination of theoretical and practical contents provided in this review will help the readers to easily get started on their own work on time series classification, whether it be theoretical or practical.
A brief overview and application of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloy in dentistry
Authors: Miličić Lazić Minja , Popović Bajić Marijana , Đorđević Igor , Živković Marija , Lazić Vojkan , Jokanović Vukoman , Nasov Ilija , Živković Slavoljub
Published: March 2024

Nickel-titanium alloys are the most common shape memory alloys (SMA) widely used in dentistry. The attractive properties of Ni-Ti BioSMAs (shape memory effect, superelasticity, good corrosion, wear resistance, and good biocompatibility) make them highly desirable candidates for the design of implants, prosthetic components, orthodontic wires, and endodontic files. The aim of this chapter is to present the advantages of Ni-Ti alloy in dentistry through a selection of optimal chemical composition and various surface treatments (mechanical polishing, electrochemical polishing, chemical etching in acid solutions, heat treatment). The osteoconductivity of the Ni-Ti alloy on human bone cells and the anticorrosive and antibacterial effects of nanocoating orthodontic wires were tested. The results on human bone cells suggested good adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like cells to nickel-titanium surfaces, which could improve osseointegration of the potential dental implants. A study of magnetron sputtering method (MS) with TiN-Cu-nanocoatings on orthodontic archwires showed favorable results in corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties. Future improvement of mechanical properties is focused on applying various methods of surface modifications, especially applying coatings with antibacterial properties.
Immigrant Ethnic Enclaves: Causes and Consequences
Authors: Song Tao , Szurop Mate
Published: March 2024

This chapter delves into the enduring and expanding presence of immigrant ethnic enclaves in the contemporary world. It examines their distinctive implications for both immigrants and natives within the labor market through a comprehensive survey of the existing literature in the social sciences, with a focus on research in economics. This chapter first introduces the theoretical framework to elucidate the formation and repercussions of these enclaves. Subsequently, empirical evidence is presented, shedding light on the labor market ramifications encompassing immigrants’ earnings, employment outcomes, and the socio-economic assimilation of second-generation immigrants. Furthermore, the chapter explores the influence of natives’ residential decisions when confronted with the emergence of immigrant ethnic enclaves, revealing how these choices may reinforce the enclaves and their effects.
The Endocannabinoid System as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Saramak Kamila , Szejko Natalia
Published: March 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by a selective loss of motor neurons from the spinal cord, brainstem and motor cortex. With a prevalence of about 5.5–9.9 per 100,000 persons, ALS is the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND). Although the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of this condition are not yet fully understood, it is believed that excitotoxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in selective motor neuron death. Despite intensive research, up to this point no cure for ALS has been identified. There is increasing evidence that cannabinoids, due to their anti-glutamatergic and anti-inflammatory actions, may show neuroprotective effects in ALS patients and slow the progression of the disease. Furthermore, cannabis-based medicine may be useful in managing symptoms like pain, spasticity or weight loss. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the current state of research regarding the efficacy and safety of medical cannabis in the treatment of ALS.