bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SQL INJECTION ATTACKS DETECTION: A PERFORMANCE COMPARISON ON MULTIPLE CLASSIFICATION MODELS
Authors: Abebe Anduamlak , Belay Yonas , Belay Adane , Gebeyehu Seffi
Published: November 2024

SQL injection attacks are a common and serious security threat to web applications, where malicious users exploit vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or manipulate the database. Detecting and preventing SQL injection attacks is crucial for ensuring the security and integrity of web applications.
While there have been studies on using machine learning for detecting SQL injection attacks, there is a lack of comprehensive comparative analysis that evaluates the performance of multiple classification models specifically for this purpose. Existing research often focuses on individual algorithms or limited comparisons, without providing a thorough evaluation of different models in the context of SQL injection attack detection.
The main objective of this manuscript is to evaluate and compare the performance of multiple classification models, KNN, decision trees, support vector machines, Naïve Bayes, and neural networks, for detecting SQL injection attacks, and to identify the most effective classification model for detecting SQL injection attacks based on the evaluation results.
The main significance of this manuscript is that the study will provide insights into the effectiveness of various machine learning algorithms for detecting SQL injection attacks, helping developers and security professionals choose the most suitable approach, the findings can contribute to enhancing the security measures of web applications by recommending the best-performing model for detecting and preventing SQL injection attacks.
The results demonstrate that CNN achieves the highest overall accuracy (around 96.55%) while maintaining a good balance between precision (98.92%) and recall (91.71%) in the given dataset.
By evaluating and comparing the performance of different classification models, the study can help enhance the security measures of web applications against SQL injection attacks.
The comparative analysis of multiple classification models contributes to advancing research in the field of cybersecurity and machine learning. strengthening cybersecurity practices, empowering organizations to proactively defend against evolving threats, and fostering a more secure digital environment for web applications and databases. The study concludes by offering recommendations for future research and considerations for deploying machine learning models for real-world SQL injection attack detection.
ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND ITS IMPACT ON ROAD CAPACITY IN URBAN AREAS UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITIONS USING MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS - A CASE STUDY IN ADDIS ABABA CITY
Authors: RAJU RAMESH REDDY , Abera Gebrefilmuna , Rajesh A
Published: November 2024

Traffic congestion is a complex phenomenon, which is connected to a number of vehicle movements on the road. The major reasons behind this problem are due to various continuous activities in the urban areas such as education, employment, recreation, business, political, social and cultural. These activities in addition to floating and migration increase congestion on city roads. This will affect the traffic stream characteristics and reduces the road capacity and level of service. The present study is aimed to evaluate and analyze the traffic congestion and its effect on road capacity and level of service at  Mebrat haile  mid-block location in Addis Ababa city. To achieve the objective, the Mebrat haile mid-block was divided into four segments appropriately and the traffic volume and speed studies were conducted at each segment, for a period of 10 hours in a day at every 15 minutes consecutive interval. The necessary traffic data including road geometry at each segment was recorded. The congestion levels at each segment were then measured by estimating the reduced speed  between each segment. The volume to capacity ratio (v/c ratio) was then estimated and found to be exceeding 1 in most of the hours of the day, resulting  poor level of service F. Various Multiple Regression Models were developed correlating the reduced speed with traffic volume, composition and road geometry. The results from the analysis indicates that the  traffic congestion on the urban roads, have an impact on urban characteristics.
Ezo_ote (ILRI_5527A): Registration of High-Yielding Dual Purpose Oat Variety for Ethiopian Agriculture
Authors: Atumo Tessema Tesfaye , Deribe Gemiyu Talore  , Worku Bedeke Baredo  , Kibreab Yosefe  , Getachew Gudero Mengesha  , Tesfaye Abiso  , Muluken Zeleke  , Agdew Bekele W/silase  , Getinet Kebede Kalsa  , Tuma Ayele Yada  , Kifle Tawle
Published: November 2024

The forage dry matter, seed yield, and fodder quality were found to be far below their potential in Ethiopia. One possible reason may be the limited availability of stable, high-yielding quality forage varieties in the mid- and highlands of the country. A field study was conducted to assess and introduce stable, high-yielding, and disease-resistant oat varieties. Eleven genotypes were compared at four locations (Arba Minch, Areka, Bonga, and Hawassa) during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. Then, the performance of Ezo_ote (ILRI_5527) was verified on farms and on-stations and compared with two standard checks (SRCPX80AB2806 and SRCPX80AB2291) during the 2020–2021 main cropping seasons. The Ezo_ote (ILRI_5527A) variety performed better in most agronomic traits than both standard checks. Ezo_ote (ILRI_5527A) had an average dry matter yield of 12.59 t/ha, a seed yield of 3.6 t/ha, and a crude protein yield of 1.48 t/ha.  The yield advantages of dry matter yield, seed yield, and crude protein yield were 8% and 21%, 0% and 9%, and 22.12% and 77.78% over the SRCPX80AB2806 and SRCPX80AB2291 varieties, respectively. Moreover, the new variety had shorter days of flowering and forage harvesting, and was resistant to septoria net blotch and yellow rust diseases. Therefore, Ezo_ote was found to be a superior oat variety in the checks and other trial varieties. The National Variety Release Committee (NVRC) approved Ezo_ote (ILRI_5527A) as a dual-purpose crop variety for cultivation and research in mid to high altitudes of Ethiopia.
Keywords: Ezo_ote, Avena sativa L, crude protein yield, dual purpose, ILRI_5527A
Peran Employee Engagement dalam Pembentukan Budaya Organisasi untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja PT. Asuransi Asei Indonesia
Authors: Michael Hotma Parsaulian  , Mardi Siswoyo  , Khairul Anwar
Published: November 2024

Dalam menghadapi persaingan yang ketat, perusahaan memerlukan sumber daya manusia berkualitas, kepemimpinan yang baik, serta faktor pendukung seperti kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja yang nyaman. Kepemimpinan berperan penting sebagai panutan dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Employee Engagement dalam membentuk budaya organisasi dan meningkatkan kinerja PT. Asuransi Asei Indonesia, serta faktor-faktor yang dapat mendukung kinerja perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, yang mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis fenomena serta aktivitas sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Employee Engagement berkontribusi dalam membentuk budaya organisasi yang mendukung peningkatan kinerja. Proses perencanaan kebutuhan karyawan di PT. Asuransi Asei Indonesia telah dilakukan berdasarkan Analisis Jabatan dan Analisis Beban Kerja, namun akselerasi terhadap hasil perencanaan tersebut belum optimal, sehingga pemenuhan karyawan tidak berjalan maksimal. Selain itu, pemenuhan formasi masih menunggu kebijakan perusahaan terkait kuota karyawan tahunan. Pengadaan karyawan di PT. Asuransi Asei Indonesia dilaksanakan secara transparan dan kompetitif, baik dari calon karyawan maupun penerimaan internal perusahaan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya Employee Engagement dan budaya organisasi dalam mencapai kinerja yang lebih baik di perusahaan.
Madrasah Menghadapi Tantangan Globalisasi
Authors: Sunaiah Dede , Dwianti Khairunnisa , Fadhilah Dianita Nur
Published: November 2024

Madrasah adalah lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Peran dari pendidikan Islam khususnya di madrasah di era globalisasi yaitu harus siap menerima dan menghadapi perkembangan dan kemajuan teknologi yang sebagian besar berasal dari negara-negara asing. Madrasah harus melakukan pembaharuan dan perubahan agar menciptakan generasi-generasi generasi yang memiliki pengetahuan yang luas serta mampu mengembangkan pengetahuan namun tetap dengan identitas keisalamannya. Sehingga mampu menjadikan generasi yang tidak hanya sukses dalam masalah agama saja, akan tetapi mampu menghadapi kemajuan IPTEK di era globalisasi.
Who and how produces the future (Alexander Fedorov’s new philosophy of common cause)
Authors: Tulchinskii Grigorii L.
Published: November 2024

The article presents a reflection on Alexander Fedorov's project aimed at analysing the future and the model of production. This model facilitates the correlation of factors related to subjectivity and sociality within the process of future production. Notably, the work emphasizes Alexander Fedorov's assertion regarding the pivotal role of children and childhood and the typology of actors involved in this process. The proposed concept and model establish a fertile ground for further interdisciplinary research. From the perspective of social semiotics and pragmasemantics, shaping the future emerges as a form of meaning-making and institutionalization, unfolding through a series of interfaces that enable interaction across socio-cultural practice contexts. In this framework, subjectivity is identified as a crucial interface for such interactions. Moreover, a comparative analysis of natural and artificial intelligence underscores the complex potential inherent in this research problem. While human beings possess advantages stemming from bodily experience, sexual dimorphism, and other forms of vitality over artificial intelligence, the future is largely grounded in this vitality, exemplified by the essence of childhood. Consequently, the question of management possibilities and the ethical dimensions of future production, as well as the balance between permissible and impermissible means employed, becomes particularly salient.
Georgy Shengeli as a verse master and as a verse explorer
Authors: Plungian Vladimir A.
Published: November 2024

The present stage of verse studies is marked by a rekindling of interest in the theoretical approaches of the 1920s and 1930s that emerged in the milieu close to the Russian ‘formal school’. In this respect, one of the most significant figures is Georgii Shengeli (1894—1956), who is known primarily as one of the most insightful researchers of verse theory and Russian non-classical metrics. Less attention has been paid to Shengeli’s own poetic experiments, which have remained in the shadow of his work in verse theory, translation and publishing. This study analyses, against the backdrop of Shengeli’s concept of ‘leimic verse’, his experi­ments in the domain of tonic metrics, including numerous examples of classical dolnik, deriv­atives of antique logaoedic verse, and rarer types of dolnik on disyllabic base. Shengeli’s cor­pus of tonic verse demonstrates an affinity for the classical and slightly loosened dolnik: most of his ‘leimic’ texts have lines of regular three-syllable meters, variable anacrusa is not un­common, and there are isolated extensions. This repertoire is close both to the metrics of the younger Acmeists (especially Georgy Ivanov and Georgy Adamovich) and to the metrics of the poets of the Maximilian Voloshin circle (primarily Sofia Parnok).
Russian folk verse and the main approaches to its study
Authors: Petrov Alexander M.
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses general issues in the study of Russian folk verse. A critical exami­nation of the major theories related to this topic highlights their significance in the history of Russian versification. The unique characteristics of folk verse, which exist in an oral-musical form, necessitate the development of specialized methods for its analysis. While traditional studies of versification offer a variety of methods and resources for analysing different forms of literary verse, they often fall short when applied to folklore verse. A flexible approach to the study of folk poetry is essential, given the diversity of folklore forms. In addition to classical folk accentual verse, many genres adhere to the principles of syllabic-accentual versification. Methods for analysing syllabic texts from other Slavic cultures may also be relevant. Each genre must be contextualized within its historical framework; thus, folklore requires a differ­entiated analytical approach. Furthermore, the degree of convergence with musicology can vary: in verse linguistics, traditional versification methods may often suffice. The approach based on counting beats holds particular promise, as it relates to the concepts of isochronic metrics, which remain underexplored in the field of Russian folk versification.
The State Academy of Artistic Sciences versus Petrograd formalism: Verse theory. II. On Zhirmunsky’s “Rhyme, its history and theory”
Authors: Akimova Marina V.
Published: November 2024

The article presents a historical and scientific analysis of the oral presentations and other works that criticized Boris Eikhenbaum’s “Melodics of Verse” and Viktor Zhirmunsky’s “Rhyme, Its History and Theory” from the perspective of Moscow formalism. The overview relies on unknown materials, which can thus be introduced into scholarly discourse. It refers to the presentations made by the philologist and philosopher Maksim Kœnigsberg and the literary scholar Mikhail Shtokmar, a student of Boris Yarkho at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences. In addition, the data from the newly discovered article by Maxim Kœnigsberg, “Compound Rhymes in the Lyrics of Innokentii Annenskii” (1924), is explored. The theses of Kœnigsberg’s exposé are published for the first time, with notes. The aim of the article is to reveal the polemical layer in the works of Moscow formalists. This is achieved by identifying key positions in the analysed texts, by their historical commentary, mutual comparison, and the discovery of authors’ logic. The results of the research include the publication of archival materials and their interpretation in the context of internal formalistic polemics. New materi­als reveal that Zhirmunsky allowed Kœnigsberg to develop his own theory of verse with an orientation towards semantics; whereas Shtokmar, on the contrary, rejected an important part in Zhirmunsky’s rhyme theory. The interrelation between different branches of the Russian formalism become clearer.
Speech aggression as a means of preserving and promoting the Neo-pagan worldview: the case of Rodnoverie
Authors: Probst Nikita A.
Published: November 2024

The role of verbal aggression in the promotion of specific value-regulatory systems, par­ticularly those of a religious nature, has not been extensively explored in contemporary schol­arship. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which verbal aggression is produced and employed as a means of preserving and advancing the Rodnoverie ideology within the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet. To achieve this, a comprehensive methodology is employed, incorporating both functional-semantic and pragma-semantic approaches. The study identifies the motives and conditions under which verbal aggression tends to arise in online discourse. Key speech acts that manifest this aggression—such as insults, rude de­mands, reproach, accusations, mockery, negative evaluations, and ill-wi­shing—are analysed, with hypotheses offered regarding their function and frequency. Furthermore, the study elucidates the composition and nature of the primary goals behind the aggressive speech behaviour of Rodnoverie adherents.
Temporomandibular Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Song Ji-Soo
Published: November 2024

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is characterized by pain, dysfunction, and distress in the masticatory muscles and/or temporomandibular joints and associated structures. Despite its high prevalence in children and adolescents, exceeding 20%, TMD has not been extensively studied. Therefore, this review aimed to establish an overview of TMD in children and adolescents and describe its diagnosis and treatment. TMD more predominantly occurs in girls and has multifactorial etiologies, with several risk factors interacting differently at the individual level. TMD is associated with poor oral health-related quality of life and abnormal facial growth. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) assessment protocol is used to diagnose TMD in young patients, and TMD can be effectively managed with conservative therapies such as patient education, home care, physical therapy, occlusal appliance therapy, and pharmacotherapy. During routine dental checkups, pediatric dentists can identify TMD in children and adolescents to reduce the occurrence of complications due to its chronic progression.
Perception of Parents Regarding Specialized Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Lim Soomin , Kim Kyunghi , Choi Namki , Kim Seonmi
Published: November 2024

This study analyzed parents’ perceptions of pediatric dentistry and pediatric dental specialists, identified factors influencing their choice of dental practice for children, and compared perceptions between those with and without pediatric dentistry experience. A nationwide online survey (February 15 - 19, 2024) was conducted among 500 parents of children aged 15 years or younger: 170 from Seoul/Gyeonggi/ Incheon, 100 each from Chungcheong, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, and 30 from Gangwon. Data covered demographics, factors influencing dentist selection for children, awareness of pediatric dentists, and insights on whether parents had visited a pediatric dentist. 75.6% had visited a pediatric dental clinic, and 49.6% recognized pediatric dental specialists. Among visitors, 59.5% were aware of pediatric dental specialists, compared to 18.9% of non-visitors. Furthermore, 90.7% of parents aware of pediatric dental specialists had visited a clinic, versus 60.7% of those unaware. The highest visit rates were among parents with three children, especially aged 7 - 9. Awareness of pediatric dental specialists was highest among parents in their 20s, living in Gangwon, Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon regions, with professional occupations and household monthly incomes of 7.5 - 8.5 million won. Parents with experience visiting pediatric dental clinics prioritized dentists’ expertise; those without experience prioritized short waiting times. Prior experience with pediatric dental clinics significantly increased the intention to revisit and reduced hesitation. Improving parents’ perceptions of pediatric dentists enhances decision-making and accessibility for children’s specialized dental care. Professional associations must raise awareness of pediatric dentistry. Pediatric dentists should prioritize expertise and advance their specializations in pediatric orthodontics.
Discrepancy in Root Apex Closure Timing of Maxillary First Molars: CBCT Study
Authors: Ann Eunah , Song Jihyun
Published: November 2024

This study determined whether there are differences in the timing of apical closure in maxillary first molars among different roots and investigated the chronological age at which each root reaches a closed apex. This study included 155 boys and 158 girls. Radiographs of Korean children aged 7 - 11 were recorded. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, the apical diameters (AD) of the mesiobuccal root (MB), distobuccal root (DB), and palatal root (P) of the left and right maxillary first molars were measured using the INFINITT PACS software. We examined whether the mean AD was significantly smaller than 0.5 mm. The age at which the AD was significantly smaller than 0.5 mm was 9 for the MB and DB of the maxillary first molars (p < 0.0001) and 11 for the P (p < 0.0001). The results were consistent for both the left and right sides. We proposed 0.5 mm as an apical diameter criterion for an open apex. When the age of apical closure of the maxillary first molars, which is difficult to observe on panoramic and periapical radiographs, was investigated using CBCT, it was observed that the age of apical closure was 9 for the buccal roots and 11 for the palatal roots, indicating a difference of 2.
Awareness of Fluoride Toothpaste among Parents of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Hwang Seungyong , Lee Jaeho , Choi Jong-Hoon , Lee Koeun , Kang Chung-Min
Published: November 2024

This study assessed parental knowledge and utilization patterns of fluoride containing dentifrices in the context of youth oral health promotion. A direct questionnaire was administered to 168 parents of young patients who attended the Pediatric Dental Clinic at Yonsei University Dental Hospital between March and May 2024. The findings indicated that while a significant majority (94.6%) of parents acknowledged the importance of fluoride in adult oral care products, their understanding of the potential adverse effects was limited. The study found that 84.5% of children used fluoride toothpaste and 96.4% of parents considered fluoride toothpaste essential for their children. However, a considerable proportion (40.5%) used low-fluoride formulations and many parents lacked awareness of the fluoride concentration (42.3%) and the appropriate dosage for their children (61.3%). Notably, paternal parents had a higher likelihood of being uninformed about fluoride content (24.7%, p = 0.003) and the correct quantity of toothpaste (26.2%, p < 0.05) that children should use. These observations underscore the need for targeted education for fluoride-containing oral care products for parents. Precise guidelines on suitable fluoride toothpaste types and quantities tailored to the developmental stages in children are important for enhancing oral health outcomes in youth.
Long-Term Evaluation of Direct Composite Resin Restoration for Traumatic Anterior Crown Fractures in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Lee Selin , Lee Seong Joon
Published: November 2024

Direct composite resin restorations are often the first choice in children and adolescents with anterior crown fractures. This study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of direct composite resin restoration in children and adolescents with traumatic dental injuries. Patients with anterior crown fractures treated with direct composite resin restoration at the Department of Dentistry of Wonju Severance Hospital between March 2011 and February 2022 were included. A total of 86 teeth from 59 patients were evaluated. The survival rate according to the sex, age, history of pulp treatment, and ratio of the resin restoration to the clinical crown were statistically calculated using chi-square test, Fisher’s exact, and Kaplan-Meier methods. Factors associated with failure were evaluated using Cox regression analysis. Survival rates during the follow-up period were significantly different according to the patient’s age at the time of trauma (p = 0.036). The survival rate was not significantly different between the sexes (p = 0.632). The survival rate was not influenced by pulp treatment before resin restoration (p = 0.617). Based on the Kaplan-Meier method, the mean retention time of teeth with and without pulp treatment was 99.35 ± 9.98 and 79.68 ± 9.07 months, respectively. Additionally, there was no significant difference between both survival curves (p = 0.215). Furthermore, the survival rate was not significantly different according to the ratio of the resin restoration to the clinical crown (p = 0.334). Similar to the results from Fisher’s exact test, there was no significant difference in survival rates between Group I (ratio of the resin restoration to the clinical crown < 0.5) and Group II (ratio of the resin restoration to the clinical crown ≥ 0.5) (p = 0.228). This study demonstrates the clinical efficacy of direct composite resin restorations for anterior crown fractures in children and adolescents, with favorable survival rates observed over 10 years of follow-up suggesting it as a conservative and effective primary treatment option across various clinical conditions.
Dental Treatment Patterns in Pediatric Patients with Rare Diseases: A Retrospective Analysis at Yonsei University Dental Hospital
Authors: Joo Youngseo , Lee Jaeho , Choi Hyung-Jun , Song Je Seon , Lee Ko Eun , Kang Chung-Min
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate dental treatment patterns in pediatric patients with rare diseases at Yonsei University Dental Hospital over 3 years. Data of 786 pediatric patients diagnosed with rare diseases who received dental treatment between January 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were identified through electronic medical record screening for rare disease codes registered with the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Demographics, rare disease categories, and dental treatment methods and modalities were analyzed using chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests, t-tests, and logistic regression. Significant differences in dental treatment needs and methods were observed among categories. Patients with nervous system diseases were less likely to receive preventive or restorative treatments, such as sealants (p = 0.0062) and composite restoration (p = 0.0171), and had a higher prevalence of disabilities (p < 0.00001), leading to greater dental care challenges. Conversely, patients with congenital malformations required more extensive treatments, including stainless-steel crowns (p = 0.0118) and surgery (p = 0.0234), often under general anesthesia (p = 0.0337). The study underscores the importance of tailored dental care protocols and interdisciplinary collaboration to address the needs of pediatric patients with rare diseases, enhancing their oral health outcomes and quality of life.
Caregivers' Awareness and Behavior Impacting the Oral Health of Pediatric and Adolescent Patients with Disabilities
Authors: Kang Haesong , Choi Namki , Kim Seonmi
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to analyze the dental caries experience and dental care utilization of pediatric and adolescent patients with disabilities, and to investigate the impact of various factors and the role of caregivers on their oral health. Patients aged 4 - 18 years and their caregivers were enrolled. Data on caregivers’ oral health management practices and perceptions, as well as patients’ toothbrushing frequency and use of dental floss, were collected. Clinical examinations measured the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) index and plaque index (PI). Among the 141 participants, the most common types of disabilities were autism spectrum disorder (45.4%) and intellectual disabilities (26.2%). Caregivers provided complete assistance with tooth brushing for 49.6% of patients, and 63.8% reported brushing their teeth twice daily. Patients with intellectual and multiple disabilities had a relatively high DMFT/dmft index. A higher level of caregiver assistance during tooth brushing was associated with a lower DMFT/dmft index. Increased frequency of tooth brushing and flossing correlated with lower PI and DMFT/dmft index. The availability of specialized care centers for individuals with disabilities was important for 89.4% when choosing a dental clinic. The main barriers to dental visits were dental anxiety (46.1%) and a lack of specialized dentists (41.8%). Caregiver involvement and regular oral hygiene practices significantly impact the oral health of pediatric and adolescent patients with disabilities. There is a need for specialized care centers, healthcare professionals, and government financial support for the care of patients with disabilities.
Rare sighting of three flamingos on Texas Gulf Coast
Authors: Frey Erzsebet
Published: November 2024

Witness the Remarkable Appearance of Flamingos on the Texas Gulf Coast Exciting news for bird enthusiasts and nature lovers alike – a rare and vibrant spectacle has been spotted along the Texas Gulf Coast.
Physico-mechanical characterization of compressed earth blocks reinforced with waste fibers from calamus rotang: Case of the elastic soil of western region of Cameroon
Authors: Kenmogne Fabien , Foadieng Emmanuel , Tiokeng Olivier Lekeufack , Eno Roger , Ngnihamye Martial Nde , Tchoukouabe Alphonse , Wafo Wafo Sorel Holsen , Sali Moussa , Bell Emmanuel Yamb , Nguiya Sévérin
Published: November 2024

In order to enhance the value of local materials and contribute to reducing construction costs in Cameroon, rattan waste is used to reinforce compressed earth blocks (CEB). This main work’s objective is the study of the effect of rattan waste on the physical and mechanical properties of CEB. For this, a soil sample taken in the western region of Cameroon, more precisely in Bangangté, was analyzed, the analysis includes the granulometric analysis, the Atterberg limits, and the Proctor test. Then the CEB samples with different rattan waste contents, that is 0%, 2%, 4% and 6%, were developed for a compaction stress of 7.5 MPa. These different samples were characterized through mechanical and physical tests carried out in the laboratory. It appears that the blocks reinforced with 2% of rattan waste have better mechanical characteristics, respectively 0.70 MPa in three-point bending and 3.04 MPa in compression. On the other hand, the presence of rattan wastes has a positive effect on the mechanical behavior of the composite, by increasing its ductility compared to the fragile behavior of the control block, which is observed during crushing. Thus the mechanical properties of CEB improve with the incorporation of rattan waste, which is optimal for a content of 2%. But they increase the material's porosity, and then its sensitivity to water unlike the control CEB.
Synthesis of MgO nanoparticles for different annealing temperatures and its biomedical applications
Authors: Jaya Srinivasan Annamalai Varathan , Baskaran Iruson , Sathyaseelan Balaraman , Senthilnathan Krishnamoorthy , Manikandan Elayaperumal
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we report the synthesis of MgO nanoparticles (NPs) by the co-precipitation method. The structural properties of the samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, which revealed that the MgO Nps have a cubic structure. The functional groups of the as-synthesised samples were analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The optical properties of the as-synthesised samples were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy in the range of 200–800 nm, and the energy bandgap was calculated by the taus relation. The magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) showed significant dose-dependent bactericidal activity in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. From the analysis of the antibacterial and antifungal activities of MgO NPs, it is revealed that the dose is sufficient for killing. These may be used in medical applications.
Dopamine and Antioxidant Grape Seed Extract loaded chitosan nanoparticles: A preliminary in vitro characterization
Authors: Bellucci Stefano , Fracchiolla Giuseppe , Pannunzio Alessandra , Caponio Antonello , Donghia Daniela , Corbo Filomena , Capobianco Loredana , Muscella Antonella , Manno Daniela Erminia , Stefàno Erika , Marsigliante Santo , Trapani Adriana
Published: November 2024

Neuronal cell model line SHSY-5Y is extensively adopted when in vitro investigations are related to Parkinson disease (PD) application. Herein, chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) were formulated for the co-administration of dopamine (DA) and Grape Seed Extract (GSE) with the aim to gain insight into the interactions occurring between SHSY-5Y and NPs. Following the ionic gelation technique, the mean particle size of the NPs resulted in the range 310–330 nm and the zeta measurements were in the range +16.4 – +35.5 mV. The presence of CS chains on the surface suggested by positive zeta values was also confirmed by FT-IR analysis, whereas storage stability studies upon different temperatures evidenced that, although aggregation occurred, DA autoxidation was prevented because no black suspensions were detected over the time, irrespectively of the temperature assayed. From a biological viewpoint, release studies of CS NPs loaded with DA and GSE showed that in SHSY-5Y cell lines DA accumulation was time-dependent, irrespectively of the presence of GSE. Furthermore, ROS levels and carbonylated proteins both decreased in SHSY-5Y cell line once NPs administering both DA and GSE were incubated, suggesting a significative reduction of oxidative stress which plays a significative role for PD development.
Membangun Lingkungan Sekolah Aman: Upaya Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual di SMP Plus Budi Utomo Makassar
Authors: Siti Syarifah Wafiqah Wardah  , Muh Rizal S  , S Nurul Fadhillah , Surianto Dewi Fatmarani , Dzulfadhilah Fitriani
Published: November 2024

Kekerasan seksual di lingkungan sekolah telah berkembang menjadi masalah yang sangat penting yang berdampak pada kesehatan dan perkembangan siswa. Fenomena ini sering kali terjadi tanpa diketahui, menyebabkan korban mengalami masalah psikologis. Di SMP Plus Budi Utomo Makassar, program pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan 42 siswa. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pengetahuan tentang cara mengidentifikasi, menghindari, dan menanggapi kekerasan seksual. Peserta mengalami peningkatan pemahaman yang signifikan melalui simulasi, diskusi kelompok, dan ceramah. Setelah program, skor pre-test rata-rata siswa meningkat dari 55 menjadi 85. Selain itu, 75% siswa mengatakan mereka lebih percaya diri untuk melaporkan pelanggaran. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan komprehensif yang melibatkan semua elemen sekolah sangat efektif dalam menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang baik.
NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG TRỪ BỆNH SƯƠNG MAI (Peronospora sp.) TRÊN CÂY NHỌ NỒI (Eclipta prostrata L.) TẠI THANH HÓA
Authors: Vương Đình Tuấn  , Phạm Đức Tân  , Chu Thị Mỹ
Published: November 2024

Ba thí nghiệm phòng trừ bệnh sương mai trên cây nhọ nồi tại Thanh Hóa gồm xử lý hạt giống, xử lý bằng thuốc kích kháng và thuốc hóa học được tiến hành thử nghiệm. Kết quả cho thấy đối với biện pháp xử lý hạt giống nhọ nồi thuốc Cruiser Plus 10 ml có khả năng kháng bệnh sương mai tốt nhất khi tỉ lệ bệnh đến lúc thu hoạch là 1,70%. Biện pháp sử dụng thuốc kích kháng sau 7 ngày xử lý thuốc kích kháng BS02 Tika có hiệu lực phòng trừ cao nhất đạt 51,93% và tỉ lệ bệnh là 16,40%. Biện pháp sử dụng thuốc hóa học sau 7 ngày xử lý thuốc Ridomil Gold 68WG có hiệu lực phòng trừ cao nhất so với các thuốc còn lại là 70,31 % với tỉ lệ bệnh là 13,28%.
Tematski odeljak: Nauka i obrazovanje zarad održivog razvoja - European journal of transformation studies, 11(1), 2023
Authors: Teodosić Dimitrije
Published: November 2024

Nema.
Crossroads of aspiration: unveiling the migration intentions among university students in North Macedonia
Authors: Shapkova Kocevska Katerina , Tashevska Biljana , Trpkova - Nestorovska Marija , Makreshanska Mladenovska Suzana
Published: November 2024

In our work, we analysed the migration intentions of university students from North Macedonia. We used data from a survey with 412 students from the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, the country’s largest and oldest university. The results showed that about two-thirds of the respondents (67 per cent) intend to emigrate. To identify the determinants of the migration intentions, we used logistic regression models, where the migration intention was the dependent variable. We used different sets of socio-demographic and educational variables, the economic status of the respondents, and other factors as independent variables. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the following factors: Housing, environment, and public services; Social activities and community engagement; Advanced and developed society; Enhanced educational and career opportunities; Public services; Economic and social progress; and Family and social well-being. All of them, except the last one, had a statistically significant impact on the students’ intentions to emigrate. Moreover, the students with more educated parents, students with higher academic performance and the students who worked had higher odds of emigrating than the students with parents with lower educational levels, students with lower academic performance and the students who didn’t work while they studied, respectively. The other socio-demographic, educational and economic variables were not statistically significant.
The Impact of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Chronic Total Occlusion of the Coronary Arteries with Diverse Left Ventricular Ejection Fractions: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhu Youyou , Ying Weiwei , Huang Pintong
Published: November 2024

Background: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the coronary arteries presents a significant challenge in the management of coronary artery disease, with diverse clinical manifestations and implications for patients with varying left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on echocardiographic parameters in patients with CTO and different LVEF, so as to optimize the care and outcomes of patients. Methods: We selected patients with CTO of coronary arteries treated at our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 consecutively in this study. The patients were divided into two groups based on their LVEF: the low to moderate LVEF (<50%) group and the high LVEF group. Echocardiographic parameters, medication use, and demographic characteristics were assessed before and after PCI. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare changes in LVEF, left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left ventricular wall motion score (LVWMS) between the two LVEF groups. Results: A total of 100 patients including 67 patients with Low & Mid-range LVEF and 33 patients with High LVEF were included. Patients in the low and mid-range LVEF group demonstrated significant improvements in LVEF (p = 0.010), LVESV (p = 0.013), LVEDV (p = 0.034), GLS (p = 0.014), and LVWMS (p = 0.014) following PCI. In contrast, no significant changes in these parameters were observed in the high LVEF group after PCI. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that PCI leads to significant improvements in LVEF, LVESV, LVEDV, GLS, and LVWMS in patients with low to moderate LVEF, indicating potential benefits of revascularization in this patient subset.
The Effectiveness and Application of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Yang Kaiqing , Hu Jiamei , Yang Liu , Xia Rui , Xu Wei
Published: November 2024

Background: Effective management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is crucial for enhancing postoperative recovery and improving the quality of life. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is an innovative non-pharmacological intervention that has gained significant attention in PONV management, especially following thoracic surgery. Methods: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and application potential of TEAS in alleviating PONV and promoting postoperative recovery. The review includes a detailed analysis of recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that investigate the use of TEAS in various surgical procedures, with a particular focus on video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATSL). The principles, procedures, and safety aspects of TEAS are comprehensively discussed. Results: The analysis of the included studies demonstrates that TEAS is effective in reducing the incidence of PONV and improving postoperative recovery outcomes across different types of surgeries, including VATSL and other common surgical procedures. The effectiveness of TEAS in PONV management is supported by evidence from multiple RCTs and observational studies, which report a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting rates, as well as improved recovery indicators. Conclusion: TEAS shows promising potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing PONV and enhancing postoperative recovery. However, the current evidence highlights several limitations and controversies that require further investigation. Future research should focus on addressing these gaps and exploring new directions for the application of TEAS. Practical recommendations are provided for the clinical application of TEAS, emphasizing its role in effective PONV management to promote better postoperative outcomes.
Frequency and Sample Size to Minimize the Cost of a Rapidly Evolving Infectious Animal or Plant Disease
Authors: Terreaux Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2024

One of the major effects of global change is the spread of animal and plant diseases on farms. Besides the impact on the farms themselves, it is the whole rural world that is affected, through the possible disruption of value chains. Combating these diseases is therefore a crucial but costly problem. So, when faced with an infectious animal or plant pathology, how can we minimize the cost of the disease and of the sampling and analyses testing required to monitor its progress? First, we calculate the imprecision of the results as a function of the sample size and the prevalence of the disease. Then, depending on the desired precision and the prevalence of the disease, we calculate the required sample size. Finally, in the case of iterative sampling, depending on the cost of each sampling and testing event and the costs associated with the spread of the disease, we show on a quantitative example that there is an optimum, i.e. a relationship between the frequency and the sample size (number of samples) that allows the cost of the disease to be minimized. We show the optimum relationship between sample size and frequency, the relationship between minimum total cost and frequency, and finally, we show on a 3-dimensional graph, how the total cost evolves as a function of frequency and sample size.
Caracterización de electrolizador con diferentes tipos de agua del Bajío Mexicano
Authors: Iarir Perea Andrés , Perea-Esparza Heikki Isa , Hernández-Murillo Christian Geovanni , Esparza-González Mario Salvador , Castañeda-Ramos Luis Antonio
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se caracteriza un electrolizador con diferentes tipos de agua del Bajío Mexicano, para obtener los parámetros de resistencia equivalente, temperatura, capacitancia y conductividad.
Las pruebas demuestran que las aguas residuales, debido a su conductividad y acidez, son candidatas adecuadas para producir hidrógeno verde.
Determinación de la biodegradabilidad de vasos desechables comunes
Authors: Torres Morales Alexis Julián , López Sánchez Jair Elián , Castañón González José Humberto , Meza Gordillo Rocío , Cruz Antonio Belén
Published: November 2024

El plástico se ha vuelto omnipresente en nuestras vidas por la gran variedad de aplicaciones, además de que se produce diariamente en grandes cantidades. El mayor consumo y uso de productos de corta utilidad ha generado preocupación sobre el impacto ambiental de los plásticos a lo largo de su ciclo de vida debido a que la mayoría de estos se producen a partir del procesamiento de combustibles fósiles. Con el fin de disminuir la contaminación ambiental, se ha generado una gran gama de nuevos plásticos elaborados con materia prima de origen natural, tales como: bioplásticos, plástico biodegradable, oxodegradable y biopolímeros. Actualmente, el desafío es analizar el cumplimiento de las características de degradabilidad de estos materiales y comprobar que lo que venden las empresas con esos nombres es realmente lo que ofrecen. Para el presente estudio, se sometieron a distintas pruebas (agua salada, compost y suelo común) tres artículos desechables etiquetados como biodegradables: charola, vaso Wecare® y vaso Andatti®; en un tiempo promedio de 60 días. Se realizaron estudios de espectrofotometría de infrarrojo en los materiales para identificar los compuestos presentes.El análisis espectrofotométrico indicó la presencia de diez compuestos en la muestra de los vasos biodegradables (Wecare® y Andatti®). Los resultados que mostraron los vasos Wecare® y Andatti® fue de un porcentaje de biodegradabilidad en peso de 93% y 92%, respectivamente. En el medio composta, disminuyeron significativamente en peso y volumen. Sin embargo, los tres artículos no presentan degradación en los medios de agua salada y suelo común.
Percepciones y actitudes de un segmento de la población en centro, Tabasco sobre el tren Maya
Authors: Ramírez Espín María Antonieta , Castillo Romero Fidelio , Oropeza Tosca Diana Rubí
Published: November 2024

Este artículo se enfoca en analizar las percepciones, expectativas y preferencias de un segmento de la población de Centro, Tabasco con respecto al proyecto del Tren Maya en México.
Para ello, se llevó a cabo una encuesta que recopiló información de un amplio grupo de participantes. Los resultados obtenidos proporcionan una visión detallada sobre diversos aspectos relacionados con el Tren Maya. En cuanto a las motivaciones para utilizar el Tren Maya, se observó que la mayoría de los encuestados manifestó su interés en visitar destinos turísticos de la región y tener una experiencia de viaje única. También se identificó que algunas personas considerarían utilizar el tren para visitar a familiares o amigos en otras ciudades, así como para viajes de negocios. Esto demuestra la diversidad de motivaciones que impulsa a la población a utilizar el servicio.
En cuanto a las preferencias de viaje, se encontró que la época del año más deseada para viajar en el Tren Maya es durante las vacaciones de verano. Asimismo, se evidenció un interés destacado por visitar destinos como Tulum, Palenque y Chichen Itzá, que son reconocidos por su riqueza arqueológica y cultural. En términos de la experiencia de viaje esperada, los encuestados expresaron su deseo de que sea placentera e inolvidable, y resaltaron la importancia de la conectividad con destinos turísticos. Además, se identificó que la frecuencia de uso estimada varía desde una vez al año hasta dos o tres veces al año. En relación con los conocimientos adicionales sobre el Tren Maya, se observó que existe una necesidad de difundir más información entre la población. Aunque algunos encuestados tenían conocimiento sobre la existencia de centros de atención a visitantes y la presencia de seis hoteles en el proyecto, se detectó una falta de conocimiento en cuanto a la fecha de inauguración del Tren Maya. En este sentido, se plantea la importancia de implementar estrategias de difusión que permitan informar de manera efectiva a la población sobre estos aspectos.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Pancasila Materi Gotong Royong di Kelas IV UPTD SDN Kamal 1
Authors: Dina Maulida Yuniasari  , Ana Naimatul Jannah
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the problem based learning model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at UPTD SDN Kamal 1. The research design used was one group pre-test post-test. The sample in this research was all fourth grade students at SDN Kamal 1 consisting of 27 students. The sapling technique used in this research was saturated sapling. The data collections were using tests, observation and documentation. The influence between the application of the Problem Based Learning model and the learning outcomes of Pancasila education can be seen from the results of hypothesis testing. The results of the paired sample t-test that was carried out showed that the t value was 13.131 > 2.059, which means t count > t table, which means ho was rejected and hi was accepted. This means that there was an influence between the PBL model on the learning outcomes of class IV students at UPTD SDN Kamal 1.