bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALLELIC POLYMORPHISM OF THE SELFINCOMPATIBILITY GENE IN CHERRY VARIETIES IN SELECTION OF ALL-RUSSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR FRUIT CROP BREEDING
Authors: Bezlepkina Е. V. , Gulyaeva А. А. , Pikunova А. V.
Published: July 2020

Self-incompatibility is one of the most important mechanisms used by flowering plants to prevent self-fertilization and, consequently, to provide the genetic diversity of population. The self-incompatibility in Prunus is controlled by two genes as minimum: S (self-incompatibility) and SFB (S haplotype-specific F-box protein).  S gene is represented in the population by a multiple allele series. Compatibility in pollination is dependent on the S allele combination of the cultivars. When S allele in the pollen is identical with one of the S alleles of the mother plant fertilization is arrested. Thus, both self-fertilization and fertilization by pollen of closely related plants (having identical S alleles) are prevented. This mechanism may be interrupted in the case of mutations in the S or SFB gene, which leads to the appearance of self-compatibility cultivars, and polyploidization, such as in sour cherry. The investigation of the S gene allele polymorphism of sweet cherry cultivars of VNIISPK breeding was performed as a part of the study of the gene collection of stone crops. Both consensus (PaConsI, PaConsII) and allele-specific (S1, S5, S9, S10) primers were used. The S-genotype of cultivars Adelina (S3/S5), Poezia (S3/S5), Siana (S3/S6), Orlovskaia feia (S3/S5) and Trosnianskaia (S5/S6) were established. The S-genotype of cultivars Malish, Podarok Orlu, Orlovskaia rozovaia and Orlovskaia yantarnaia was determined partially, as these cultivars have unique previously undescribed or very rare S alleles. Podarok Orlu variety has S9 allele and undescribed one. Malish and Orlovskaia yantarnaia varieties have S6 allele and S17 or S30 alleles supposedly, for these alleles specific primers have not yet been developed. Orlovskaya rozovaia has S6 allele and undescribed previously one.
RESULTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BREEDERS OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION APPLE TREE
Authors: Sedov Е. N. , Yanchuk T. V. , Korneeva S. А. , Dutova L. I. , Ulianovskaya Е. V.
Published: July 2020

The experience in cooperation of breeders of different institutions in creating cultivars is shown. It is not always when the breeding institution has the necessary initial forms for selection. In this regard, there is a need to conduct separate stages of selection in different breeding institutions. For this purpose, a provision on authorship and continuity in the integrated work of several institutions in fruit breeding has been developed (Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Annex. – Orel, 1995. – pp. 492-498). Breeding work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) and North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking can serve as a positive experience of creating new apple cultivars by two institutions. As a result of the joint work of these two institutions, 22 apple cultivars have been created, of which 9 have already been included in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use (zoned), including three cultivars for the conditions of the Middle zone of Russia – Aleksandr Boiko, Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas and six cultivars for the conditions of the North Caucasus – Vasilisa, Karmen, Margo, Orfey, Soyuz and Talisman. Brief economical and biological characteristics of these cultivars are given in this paper. The obtained practical results indicate that in some cases, when creating modern cultivars that meet the requirements of production, it is necessary to use the knowledge of breeders, the source material and equipment of different breeding institutions, and carry out separate stages of the selection process in different institutions.
ROLE OF CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LIBRARY IN INFORMATION SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE
Authors: Bunin М. S. , Kolenchenko I. А. , Pirumova L. N.
Published: July 2020

There has been considered the history of development and transformation of information service and information support of researches on the problems of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) in the Central Scientific Agricultural Library (CSAL). It is noted that the CSAL is contemporary in all historical periods of the development of the country, it used and uses the most advanced and effective methods and forms of information support of the scientists and specialists engaged in the AIC area. For 90 years of its existence the Library from a reference library under the Academy of Agricultural Sciences having a collection of some hundreds of books has become the largest agricultural library of the country and the world having a collection of more than 3 million depository items including rare and valuable editions of the 18 century, complete ranges from the date of publication of a lot of specialized periodicals functioning as a depositary of professional books. The Library has become an information center and a scientific institution. As an information center it creates bibliographic, abstract and full-texts databases, publishes bibliographic current indicators, abstract periodicals, conducts reviews, and carries out individual information dissemination (IID). As a scientific institution the Library undertakes research in library science, bibliography and information science: it develops industry-wide linguistic resources providing the formation and unified information representation in the information resources and effective search in them. The Library Site allows the user to receive different information from the user’s computer without library going. Substantially all information services can be obtained remotely. There has actively been developing the Electronic Scientific Agricultural Library that allows reviewing full-texts of documents including business reference books, dictionaries. The Central Catalogue of the AIC Libraries using cloud-based technologies powered by the CSAL has been created and has been developing. The CSAL puts information across researches in agriculture and food industry.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Dengan Adanya Klausul Eksonerasi Dalam Perjanjian Baku Sewa Guna Usaha (Leasing)
Authors: Rahman Alfikhi Abdul
Published: July 2020

The problems examined in this paper are: How is the material content of the exoneration clause in the lease standard agreement that causes losses for consumers of PT. Dipo Star Finance branch of Padang and how the judges consider in deciding the principal case of leasing based on Decision Number 4/Pdt.G/2017/PN.Pdg. In this study, the method used is normative juridical which is descriptive where the datas are sourced from primary and secondary data obtained based on the study of documents analyzed qualitatively. From this research, it can be concluded that at the time of making the finance lease agreement there is a will of disability regarding article 29 of the lease agreement and is an exoneration clause that is very detrimental to the consumer. Lesse does not know that collateral for other agreements is a guarantee of the object of the agreement that has paid off. Based on the judgment of the judge and the statement from the witness of the agreement law, article 29 of the lease agreement binds both parties based on the principle of pacta sunt servanda, but no statement or word is found which confirms that the guarantee for the agreement that has ended is a guarantee against other agreements, so that the guarantee becomes multi-interpretation. Article provisions relating to agreement one with other agreements in the agreement is very detrimental to consumers and contrary to article 10 letter (c) of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection.
Sinergisitas Sikap dan Pengetahuan dalam Pengembangan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Febi IAIN Bukittinggi
Authors: Harfandi Harfandi , Sonita Era
Published: July 2020

 

The objective of this research to analysis deeply examine the synergy of attitude and knowledge to develop entrepreneurship spirit of the students of Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business (FEBI) IAIN Bukittinggi. After analyzed qualitatively using; SWOT analysis, SWOT Matrix, and Charge Table Score, it can be pointed out that the synergy of attitude and knowledge in the development of entrepreneurship of students namely; 1) To grow values: honesty, tolerance,  ideas and creativity, awareness of the norms and rules, a strong spirit in learning, a strong drive to excel, confidence, and independence, interest, perseverance, and motivation, the desire to explore and produce economic resources, entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurship, And, 2). Realizing knowledge about; entrepreneurship ideas that suits the needs of the market, the development of business prospects, and business management. This research contributed to prepare the graduates who can compete in both academic and non-academic fields

 
Pemahaman Gender PNS di Lingkungan Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors: Sumarni Titin
Published: July 2020

This article is about the understanding and the implementation of civil servants’ gender understanding in the Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in Bengkalis Regency Government. In addition, it also asks the public response on the implementation of program-based gender conducted by the civil servant. The data obtained through the questionnaires toward 36 respondents and did the interviews to the informants who have been chosen based on various interests. This data was analyzed by descriptive qualitative analysis. The results found that the civil servants’ understanding based on gender in Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of the Bengkalis Regency Government already understands the gender well, so that the programs carried out always consider welfare based on gender equality. In addition, it contributes to the strengthening public knowledge about welfare based on gender equality.
Peran Perempuan dalam Mewujudkan Keluarga Sejahtera Menurut Perspektif Ekonomi Islam (Studi Kasus Perempuan Pedagang Kaki Lima di Simpang Tugu Tigo Baleh, Kelurahan Pakan Labuah, Kota Bukittinggi)
Authors: Zuwardi Zuwardi
Published: July 2020

Along with the development of the times of course the needs of society increase from year to year. Unlimited human needs, with limited availability of resources. Making women also play a role in meeting the needs of families in an effort to realize a prosperous family. This research was conducted to provide an overview of the role of women in realizing a prosperous family from the perspective of Islamic economics. Research conducted at the Tigo Tigo Baleh Intersection, Pakan Labuah Village, Bukittinggi City uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data obtained from primary and secondary data. The results of this study conclude that in Islamic sharia, to make a living is the duty of the husband. The wife's only obligation is as a housewife who educates children and serves her husband. But it is not forbidden when the wife helps find a living for the family. According to an interviewee at the interview, stated that they women do their activities as traders is to help their husbands in meeting family needs, as well as channeling the hobby of trade that has been buried because only become housewives. This research also provides understanding to women in order to know their rights and obligations in the household, the urgency of how Muslim women who should carry out their daily activities become housewives as well as traders in accordance with the recommendations in their Islamic Syariah.
Rekonstruksi Metodologi Keilmuan Syarah Hadis Klasik
Authors: Kurniati Yunita
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to review the methodology of classical hadith syariah. For this reason, the question of how the classical methodology of hadith is being pursued in this paper. The method used is qualitative with a literature study approach. The results obtained are that the Islamic scientific tradition began at the time of the Prophet (PBUH), in writing, then after entering into the time of friends then the Islamic scientific tradition was held in written form. It is also the beginning of the emergence of the tradition of hadith. Hadith shari'ah in oral form occurred during the time of the Prophet PBUH, while shari'ah hadith in written form occurred during the time of companions. The difference in scientific traditions, since the time of the Prophet, until friends also influence the use of the methodology of the tradition of tradition, even along with the development of the era of science and also the methodology in the tradition of tradition. The method used by hadith scholars in giving tradition is ijmali, which is a method that explains the meaning in general and concise. Even so a review of him in the present is very well done, especially for the development of scientific knowledge related to the tradition.
Kajian Kitab Hadis (Telaah Kitab Hadis al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim)
Authors: Azmi Muhyidin
Published: July 2020

This article attempts to examine the book of al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim which is a book of hadith written by Ibn Kathir. Kitab al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim is the second part of the book of al-Bidayah. Kitab al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim contains about the signs of doomsday, major events that have and will occur before the coming of doomsday, a picture of heaven and hell excess of the book al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim is an explanation of ma'sni al-hadith, the quality of the hadith, and some rijal al-hadith. While the shortcomings of the book al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim is that not all the traditions written in it are complete, and the composition is not systematic. The traditions collected in the book of al-Nihayah fi al-Fitan wa al-Malahim are included in the difficult category.
Dietary Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Relation with Family Support in Cipondoh Primary Health Center Tangerang
Authors: Lestari Diska Dwi , Winahyu Karina Megasari , Anwar Samsul
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. The effect of high sugar conditions can cause complications and death. One of the primary management of diabetes mellitus is diet.Aim: The study aimed to identify the relationship between family supports and dietary adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Cipondoh Primary Health Center in Tangerang.Methods: The study used an analytic descriptive design with a Cross-Sectional approach. The study used Dietary Adherence and Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale questioners. The sample size was 114 respondents who were recruited by Purposive Sampling. The analysis technique used for this study was the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study showed that 57,9% have good family supports and most of the patients have good dietary adherence (83,3 %). Results: The result of the statistic test of Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient showed that there was positive relationship between family supports and dietary adherence among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Cipondoh Primary Health Center Tangerang. Conclusion: It suggests that family support has a role to improve dietary adherence of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Healthcare provider needs to maintain family supports in order to keep the diabetic’s dietary adherence. Keywords: Dietary Adherence, Family Support, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Fenomena Perilaku Bullying pada Remaja di Yogyakarta
Authors: Waliyanti Ema , Kamilah Farhah , Fitriansyah Retha Rizky
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Perilaku bullying yang dilakukan oleh remaja di Indonesia masih menjadisalah satu masalah yang belum teratasi. Tingginya angka kejadian bullying pada remaja memberikan dampak negatif bagi remaja seperti gangguan konsentrasi belajar, penurunan prestasi akademik, harga diri rendah, depresi, bahkan sampai keinginan remaja untuk bunuh diri.Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perilaku bullying pada remaja di Yogyakarta.Metodologi: Penelitianan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Partisipan dalam penelitian berjumalah 14 orang yang terdiri dari orang tua, remaja, dan guru yang ditentukan dengan purposive sampling. Keabsahan data dilakukan menggunakan triangulasi metode, sumber, dan peer debriefing. Analisis data menggunakan open code 4.02.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa jenis bullying yang dilakukan remaja di Yogyakarta diantaranya bullying verbal seperti mengejek dan memberikan julukan tidak baik kepada teman. Bullying fisik seperti memukul, menendang, menjambak dan mencubit, kemudian ada juga bullying relasional seperti mengucilkan, mengintimidasi, dan mempermalukan teman di sekolah, serta cyberbullying seperti berkomentar kasar pada media sosial, mengupload foto, dan mengupdate instastory. Perilaku bullying pada remaja tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti ajakan teman, keadaan lingkungan di sekitar remaja, riwayat bullying, pengaruh media elektronik dan karakter sasaran serta pelaku bullying.Kesimpulan: Perilaku bullying pada remaja memberikan dampak negatif baik pada pelaku maupun korbannya sehingga membutuhkan perhatian lebih baik bagi pemerintah, sekolah maupun orang tua. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku bullying pada remaja, namun belum bisa mengetahui faktor apa yang paling dominan sehingga diperlukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode lain untuk mengindentifikasi hal tersebut.Kata Kunci: Perilaku Bullying, Remaja, Yogyakarta
Parenting Style of Parents and Temper Tantrum at the Age of 1-3 Years at Pakuhaji Health Center, Tangerang Regency in 2018
Authors: Perdani Zulia Putri , Al-afghani Jamaludin
Published: July 2020

Background: Temper tantrums are an uncontrolled emotional outbursts or anger sustained could be aggressive. Temper tantrums can be handled by one way a good parent pattern applied to children. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between Parenting and Temper Tantrums in Children Ages 1-3 Years at Puskesmas Pakuhaji Kabupaten Tangerang. Research Method: The research design used in this study was analytic descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The samples in this study were 95 respondents with a sampling technique that cluster random sampling. The analysis technique used in this study was chi-square test. Results: It shows that respondents with positive authoritarian parenting are 65 respondents (65.3%), democratic parenting as many as 55 respondents (57.9%) and positive premise parenting patterns of 56 respondents (58.9%). And temper tantrums were 63 (66.3%).The results of the analysis showed that authoritarian parenting was not related to parenting by tempering tantrums, and there was a relationship between permissive parenting and a tempering tantrums, democratic parenting had no relationship with temper tantrums. Conclusion: This means that the better the parenting style of the child, the lower the occurrence of temper tantrums.Keyword: children aged 1-4 years, parenting parents, temper tantrum.
The Relationship Between Workload and Stress Level in Emergency Department of RSU Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Ahmad Shieva Nur Azizah , Hidinopti Bunga
Published: July 2020

The burden of nurses is a dimension of all this activity or activities performed by a nurse for serving in a unit of health services. Service fast and exactly is needed in the service of the emergency room that can lead to the workload in the nurse, like encountering patients with various complaints of different diseases and patients come with the conditions are not stable, with the families of patients who can't wait, in addition to monitor and entering the patient's condition repeatedly is a unique and very unexpected because it can affect the stress. The research aims to identify how the workload with the stress level of work a nurse in Emergency Department RSU kabupaten Tangerang. The design of the deskriptif koleration with the cross sectional. Study sample as much as 40 of the respondents a nurse using the method of non probabiliti sampling techniques purposive sampling in accordance with the criteria for inclusion and eksklusi. Instruments in this study uses a questionnaire on the workload and level of job stress. The results showed the burden of hard work with the stress level of hard work as much as 15 respondents (88.2 %). The test results Chi Square to show p-value 0.002 (α < 0.05) that Ho is rejected and Ha is in, there is the relationship between workload with the stress level of work a nurse in Emergency Department RSU kabupaten Tangerang. Keywords: Level of Stress, Workload
The Relationship of Personal Hygiene Knowledge with Leucorrhoea Event in Santriwati in Babus Salam Pabuaran Sibang Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Dwiwardini Listia , Komariah Lilis
Published: July 2020

Reproductive health in adolescent girls is an important health problem because Indonesia is a tropical region that increases the risk of vaginal discharge due to high humidity in genetal areas and behaviors that are not optimal hygiene. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of personal hygiene knowledge with the incidence of fluor albus santriwati in Islamic Boarding School Babus Salam Pabuaran Sibang. Design type is quantitative research with cross sectional research method. The population in this study is santriwati class IX in Islamic Boarding School Babus Salam Pabuaran Sibang with sample of 83 respondents according to using sampling technique of consecutive sampling. Instruments used questionnaire. The majority had a high knowledge level of 63.9% and the majority of the respondents did not experience whiteness as much as 79.5%. There is p value = 0,002 (p value <α 0,05). Obtained shows the relationship between personal hygiene knowledge with the incidence of fluor albus in Islamic Boarding School Babus Salam Pabuaran Sibang. Advice for santriwati to pay more attention to personal hygiene is good to prevent the occurrence of vaginal discharge. Keywords:  Teenager; Knowledge; Personal Hygiene; Fluor Albus.
The Effect of Lego Play Activity Therapy on Anxiety Levels of Preschool Children (3-6 years) due to Hospitalisation
Authors: Mungalim Sri Mujiyanti , Rismawati Ris Ris
Published: July 2020

Preschoolers are early childhood where the child has not stepped on the school year unfolds aged 3-6 years. Like adults, children can also be stricken with an illness and require hospitalization for the diagnosis and treatment of disease.So that these conditions become a factor stressors in children can cause anxiety. Overcoming anxiety levels in children, nurses in providing interventions should consider the needs of children in accordance growth.One of the activities to reduce children's anxiety is playing lego. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of therapeutic activity against anxiety level playing lego preschool children (3-6 years) due to hospitalization. The research design used in this study is a quasi-experimental design studies with a one-shot approach of case study.Respondents in this research were 22 children, where data collectionby distributing questionnaires anxiety levels to be completed by the parent / guardian respondents. Data retrieval performed twice, ie before therapy and after playing lego play therapy. Processing data using a computer program. The average level of anxiety before is 111.86 and after63.50, the results of analysis using parametric statistical tests Paired t-test results P value = 0.000 meaning <α (0.05) it can be concluded that there is a significant effect between the level of anxiety before and after play therapy. Recommended to apply play therapy to reduce anxiety levels of preschool children who are being Hospital treated nursery in Banten Hospital.Keywords: Therapeutic Activities; Lego;Anxiety; Hospitalization
The Relationship between Motivation and Self-Management in Patient with DM in Internist Polyclinic RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Nurprihatini Aghita , Umara Annisaa Fitrah , Badawi Achmad
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease who characterized by high or low blood glucose values who caused by the inability pancreas to produce insulin, so self-management behavior is very important either for treatment or DM – Related complication preventions, but some DM patient has low motivation to doing self-management. The purpose of this study to was known the relationship between Motivation and Self-Management in Patient with DM in RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang. Methods: The design of this study used analytic observational with a Cross-Sectional approach. Sample taking technique used consecutive sampling with a total sample as much as 74 respondents. The instrument in this study used Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaires (TSRQ) and the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Results: The result showed that low motivation with a bad self-management category has 20 respondents (66.7%), while for high motivation with good self-management category has 28 respondents (63.6%). Conclusion: The result of the statistic Chi-Square test showed that the relationship between Motivation with Self-Management in Patients with DM with scoring. Therefore it should be for health providers especially nurse able to increase the motivation of DM patients to do self-management and able to evaluate how the patient's motivation in applying self-management behavior in their life.  Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Motivation, Self-Management.
Исследования космического магнетизма в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории I. Магнитное поле в межзвездной среде и вторичные эффекты звездного магнетизма
Authors: Гершберг Роальд , Алексеев Илья , Бондарь Наталья
Published: July 2020

Излагаются основные результаты, полученные в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории при изучении магнитного поля межзвездной среды и магнетизма звезд средних и малых масс с активностью солнечного типа.
Исследования космического магнетизма в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории. II. Прямые спектрополяриметрические измерения магнитных полей звезд
Authors: Плачинда Сергей , Бутковская Варвара
Published: July 2020

С 80-х годов 20-го века по настоящее время в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории выполняются регулярные спектрополяриметрические наблюдения невырожденных звезд разных спектральных классов и типов светимостей. В обзоре изложено становление инструментальной базы и развитие методики измерения звездных магнитных полей, а также приведен ряд результатов исследования магнитных полей разных объектов, впервые полученных в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории в разные годы.
Two new European species of Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) parasitizing butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea), and an unrelated synonymy in the genus
Authors: Shaw Mark R. , Fernandez-Triana Jose L.
Published: July 2020

Two new European species of Cotesia are described and illustrated. One (C. euchloevora Shaw, sp. nov.) was reared from Euchloe species and close relatives and also Aplocera efformata, and the other (C. parnassii Shaw, sp. nov.) was reared from Parnassius
phoebus. Notes are given to distinguish them from congeners. The DNA barcodes of C. euchloevora are discussed in relation to similar barcodes for another, but morphologically clearly distinct, species Cotesia pilicornis (Thomson). Unrelated to this, it is proposed that
C. acutula (Tobias) is a junior synonym of C. cajae (Bouché).
Resensi Buku Strategi Pembelajaran Konsep Dan Aplikasi
Authors: Rafsanjani Ahmad Irawan
Published: July 2020

Resensi Buku Strategi Pembelajaran Konsep Dan Aplikasi
An appoarch to case study method
Authors: Nhan Nguyen Thanh
Published: July 2020

A case study is used as a method to explore and understand complex issues, in-depth investigations. It can be used in many social science studies, and the role of the case study becomes notable in psychology, education, sociology, community- based problems, business. By combining both qualitative and quantitative research, a case study helps explain both the process and the outcome of a phenomenon through comprehensive observation, restructuring, and analysis of the investigated cases. Although researchers can apply the case study method in flexible ways and take advantage of various sources, case study research still has some drawbacks because researchers often do not have specific procedures, and the articles are not highly generalized because it specified in some cases. Therefore, researchers should be careful when choosing this research style because transparency can allow researchers and editors everywhere to learn about mistakes and misconduct that warrant any possible disagreement
How Prediction Accuracy can Affect the Decision-Making Process in Pavement Management System
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Amirhossein , Smadi Omar
Published: July 2020

One of the most important components of pavement management systems is predicting the deterioration of the network through performance models. The accuracy of the prediction model is important for prioritizing maintenance action. This paper describes how the accuracy of prediction models can have an effect on the decision-making process in terms of the cost of maintenance and rehabilitation activities. The process is simulating the propagation of the error between the actual and predicted values of pavement performance indicators. Different rate of error was added into the result of prediction models. The results showed a strong correlation between the prediction models’ accuracy and the cost of maintenance and rehabilitation activities. Also, increasing the rate of error contribution to the prediction model resulting in a higher benefit reduction rate.
The construction and deconstruction of sub-optimal preferences through range-adapting reinforcement learning
Authors: Bavard Sophie , Rustichini Aldo , Palminteri Stefano
Published: July 2020

Converging evidence suggests that economic values are rescaled as a function of the range of the available options. Critically, although locally adaptive, range adaptation has been shown to lead to suboptimal choices. This is particularly striking in reinforcement learning (RL) situations when options are extrapolated from their original context. Range adaptation can be seen as the result of an adaptive coding process aiming at increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. However, this hypothesis leads to a counterintuitive prediction: decreasing outcome uncertainty should increase range adaptation and, consequently, extrapolation errors. Here, we tested the paradoxical relation between range adaptation and performance in a large sample of subjects performing variants of a RL task, where we manipulated task difficulty. Results confirmed that range adaptation induces systematic extrapolation errors and is stronger when decreasing outcome uncertainty. Finally, we propose a range-adapting model and show that it is able to parsimoniously capture all the observed results.
Early perceptions of COVID-19 intensity and anti-Asian prejudice among White Americans
Authors: Mandalaywala Tara M , Gonzalez Gorana , Tropp Linda
Published: July 2020

Anecdotal reports suggested an uptick in anti-Asian prejudice corresponding with the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Examining responses from White U.S. citizens (N = 589) during the first months of the pandemic, this study tested: (1) whether actual intensity (official number of cases or deaths reported) or perceived intensity (participants’ estimates of the same) of the COVID-19 outbreak predicted indicators of racial outgroup prejudice, particularly those associated with cross-group interaction, (2) whether outgroup prejudice was oriented toward Asian people specifically, or toward racial outgroups more broadly (e.g., toward both Asian people and Black people), and (3) whether contact with racial outgroups moderated relations between COVID-19 intensity and racial prejudice. Results showed that perceived COVID-19 intensity was associated with prejudice indicators representing the desire for social distance from Asian people, as well as from Black people, yet it was unrelated to reports of negative affect toward either racial outgroup. These patterns support the idea that prejudice during periods of disease outbreak might functionally serve to reduce willingness for interaction with and likelihood of infection from racial outgroups. Contact moderated the relation between official reports of COVID-19 intensity and support for anti-China travel policies, such that greater contact with Asian people was associated with less support for exclusionary, anti-China travel policies when actual COVID-19 intensity was high. Overall, these results suggest that intensity of disease threat can exacerbate racial outgroup prejudice and reduce willingness for cross-group interaction, but that intergroup contact may sometimes provide a prejudice-attenuating effect.
The Strategic Use of Nudging and Behavioural Approaches in Public Health Policy during the Coronavirus Crisis
Authors: Michalek Gabriela , Schwarze Reimund
Published: July 2020

Nudging and behavioural insights need to be taken into account in strategic action planning for suppression and reduction of pandemic effects. This paper focuses on a few selected areas of significant importance to getting SAR-CoV2 under control in both the non-pharmaceutical and the pharmaceutical phase, i.e. after the development of an effective vaccine.
Individual Differences in the Tendency to See the Expected
Authors: Andermane Nora , Bosten Jenny , Seth Anil , Ward Jamie
Published: July 2020

Prior knowledge has been shown to facilitate the incorporation of visual stimuli into awareness. We adopted an individual differences approach to explore whether a tendency to ‘see the expected’ is general or method-specific. We administered a binocular rivalry task and manipulated selective attention, as well as induced expectations via predictive context, self-generated imagery, expectancy cues, and perceptual priming. Most prior manipulations led to a facilitated awareness of the biased percept in binocular rivalry, whereas strong signal primes led to a suppressed awareness, i.e., adaptation. Correlations and factor analysis revealed that the facilitatory effect of priors on visual awareness is closely related to attentional control. We also investigated whether expectation-based biases predict perceptual abilities. Adaptation to strong primes predicted improved naturalistic change detection and the facilitatory effect of weak primes predicted the experience of perceptual anomalies. Taken together, our results indicate that the facilitatory effect of priors may be underpinned by an attentional mechanism but the tendency to ‘see the expected’ is method-specific.
Search strategies improve with practice, but not with time pressure or financial incentives
Authors: Nowakowska Anna , Clarke Alasdair D F , Hunt Amelia R. , von Seth Jacqueline
Published: July 2020

When searching for an object, do we minimize the number of eye movements we need to make? Under most circumstances, the cost of saccadic parsimony likely outweighs the benefit, given the cost is extensive computation and the benefit is a few hundred milliseconds of time saved. Previous research has measured the proportion of eye movements directed to locations where the target would have been visible in the periphery, as a way of quantifying the proportion of superfluous fixations. A surprisingly large range of individual differences has emerged from these studies, suggesting some people are highly efficient and others much less so. Our question in the current study is whether these individual differences can be explained by differences in motivation. In two experiments, we demonstrate that neither time pressure, nor financial incentive, led to improvements of visual search strategies; the majority of participants continued to make many superfluous fixations in both experiments. The wide range of individual differences in efficiency observed previously was replicated here. We observed small but consistent improvements in strategy over the course of the experiment (regardless of reward or time pressure) suggesting practice, not motivation, makes participants more efficient.
Post-Conflict Memory as Performative Justice
Authors: Odak Stipe
Published: July 2020

This article proposes a novel theoretical paradigm of memory as performative justice in post-conflict settings. Large-scale conflicts provoke concerns for justice and make a major impact on collective memories. While memories often play a supportive role in justice processes, they can also arise in reaction to their perceived shortcomings. This is particularly the case when the scope of tragedies, in victims’ views, exceeds the possibilities or traditional justice mechanisms. Memories, hence, arise as a form of justice that has a performative character: they enact justice by virtue of remembering itself.
Spatial distributive justice and crime in the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Dixon Anthony , Halford Eric , Farrell Graham
Published: July 2020

Nationally, small area (LSOAs) were ranked by recorded crime rate and grouped into deciles for May 2020 relative to previous five Mays. Decile rate changes relative to expected from previous five years. Key findings:•Previously high-crime areas saw the largest crime declines. •Previously-low-crime rate areas experienced crime increases. •Urban centres saw the greatest crime drops in absolute (but not necessarily relative) terms. •Public order crime increases likely reflect breaches - or perceived breaches - of lockdown rules. Some crime increases, including drugs and weapon offences, may reflect changes in police activity
Assessment of CSR Practices in Nepalese Commercial Banks (A Comparative Study of RBBL, SCBL & NABIL)
Authors: Khanal Kapil
Published: July 2020

Objective: To assess the corporate social responsibility practices in Nepalese commercial banking sector.

Methods and Materials: Primary and secondary sources of data were used in the study. The primary data were collected through direct questionnaire method from 60 employees of sampled commercial banks. The secondary source was through journals, textbooks and annual reports of Nepal Rastra Bank. SPSS and Microsoft excel were used to analyze the collected data. The value of Cronbach’s Alpha (α) of overall questionnaire is 0.92, which suggests the reliability of primary data. Descriptive and explorative research designs were used to analyze the primary and secondary data.

Results and Conclusion: Responses from all the respondents of commercial banks regarding CSR and Non-Financial Performance clearly imply that CSR has an influence on the Non-Financial Performance. In terms of ‘R2’, CSR impacts both Brand Image and Brand Awareness (i.e. 0.987). This clearly indicates that more than 98.7% variance of both non-financial performances has been explained by CSR. In terms of ‘R2’, CSR impacts less in financial performance (i.e. 0.149). This clearly indicates that only than 14.9% variance of financial performance has been explained by CSR.
Celebrity Endorsement and Purchase Intention: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Shrestha Sajeeb Kumar
Published: July 2020

This study tries to measure the impact of celebrity endorsement on purchase intention in Kathmandu City. Structured questionnaires were as administered to collect data. 200 samples were taken. Structure Equation Modeling was applied via EFA, CFA and SEM to refine the constructs, to validate the measurement model and to test hypotheses of structural model. This research confirmed that similarity, matching and familiarity of endorser’s are the major factors for increasing purchase intention in Kathmandu City. No support was established for expertise and trustworthiness to enhance purchase intention. This study contributes in marketing research that how celebrity influences purchase intention towards endorsed products or services.
Employee Retention in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Chalise Dhan Raj
Published: July 2020

Employee retention issues is the burning issues especially in the banking sector in Nepal. This study is designed to examine the factors on retention of employees in Nepalese commercial bank. Adopting descriptive cum analytical research design the study is based on 5 point likert scale questionnaire. 200 managers, assistant manager and officers level employees from three commercial bank operating at Kathmandu valley were selected on basis of stratified random sampling method. Training and Development, Career Opportunity and Work Lifer policies are taken as dependent and Employee retention as an Independent variable of the Study. The collected data were analyzed through correlation, regression and coefficient analysis to establish the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The result showed a significant positive relationship between career opportunities, work life policy with employee retention. In addition this study replicates the high level of effect of work life policy and no significant relationship with training and development program in Nepalese commercial banks.
Efficiency of Working Capital Management and Profitability: Evidence from Manufacturing Firms of Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Pitambar
Published: July 2020

This paper analyzes efficiency of working capital management (EWCM) and its influence on profitability of manufacturing firms in Nepal for the fiscal year 2005/06 to 2017/18 using descriptive and causal comparative research design. Net trade cycle (NTC) is used to measure EWCM. Profitability on assets (PA) and profitability on sales (PS) are dependent variables of this study. The EWCM related variables such as Net trading cycle (NTC), current ratio (CR) and debt to assets ratio (DR) are considered as explanatory variables. Result of this paper reveals both profitability on assets and profitability on sales are inversely related with NTC which implies that lower NTC increases profitability of manufacturing firms in Nepal. Further, regression result of this paper confirms that debt to assets ratio has negative and statistically significant effect on profitability on total assets and profitability on sales. The finding of this paper concludes that less uses of debt increases the profitability of manufacturing firms in Nepal.
PENGARUH PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PRODUKTIF TERHADAP KESIAPAN KERJA SISWA
Authors: Wahyu Aditya , Yulanto Dwiki Muda , Januariyansah Sapitri , Rohmantoro Didik
Published: July 2020

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang berorientasi pada pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki kompetensi dan siap kerja. Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan harus menyiapkan siswa yang berkompeten dan siap kerja. Salah satu caranya adalah melalui praktik  kerja  industri.  Siswa harus memiliki ilmu pengetahuan dan kompetensi yang memadai. Kompetensi siswa dapat dilihat dari prestasi belajarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh praktik kerja industri terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa; (2) Pengaruh prestasi belajar mata pelajaran produktif terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa; (3) Pengaruh praktik kerja industri dan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran produktif terhadap kesiapan kerja. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah kuantitatif dan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah ex post facto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa XII TKR SMK Negeri 10 Semarang yang berjumlah 83 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 69 siswa XII TKR SMK Negeri 10 Semarang, menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Praktik kerja industri berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa XII TKR SMK Negeri 10 Semarang; (2) Prestasi belajar mata pelajaran produktif berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa XII TKR SMK Negeri 10 Semarang; (3) Praktik kerja industri dan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran produktif berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa XII TKR SMK Negeri 10 Semarang.
PENGARUH HASIL BELAJAR TEKNIK OTOMOTIF TERHADAP KESIAPAN PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI PADA SISWA KELAS XI TKR SMK KESUMA MARGOYOSO PATI
Authors: Fuad M. Laili , Abdillah Fuad , Mahendra Sena , Suwignyo Joko
Published: July 2020

Sekolah menengah kejuruan merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang berorientasi pada pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki kompetensi dan siap bekerja. Sebagai upaya menyiapkan siswa yang berkompeten dan siap kerja setiap siswa di SMK wajib melakukan praktik kerja industri, tujuan di lakukan hal tersebut adalah agar siswa dapat meningkatkan kompetensi dan memiliki pengetahuan tentang dunia kerja di industri. Untuk itu sebelum melakukan praktik keja industri siswa haruslah di berikan bekal ilmu pengetahuan dalam menghadapi praktik kerja industri, sehingga dengan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang di peroleh di sekolah siswa dapat berkembang saat prakrik di dunia industri.Penelitian ini tergolong dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas XI SMK Kesuma Margoyoso Pati sebanyak 165 siswa, kemudian ditentukan jumlah sampelnya dengan rumus slovin (1960)  pada taraf 5% dan didapatkan jumlah sampelnya 117 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, serta dokumentasi. Variabel bebasnya hasil belajar teknik otomotif dan variabel terikatnya kesiapan praktik kerja industri. Untuk uji analisis datanya menggunakan bantuan program SPSS v.20.0.Secara keseluruhan mayoritas sebesar 64,1% siswa memiliki hasil belajar yang baik yaitu rentang nilai antara 80-90, dengan predikat baik. Sedangkan untuk kesiapan praktik kerja industri, siswa SMK Kesuma Margoyoso pati memiliki kesiapan yang sangat baik yaitu sebesar 48% siswa memperoleh skor antara 97,7-120 (skala pengukuran angket penelitian) dengan predikat sangat baik, dan 46% siswa memperoleh skor 75-97,7% dengan predikat Baik. Berdasarkan uji koefisien determinasi diketahui nilai R square adalah 0,010 , hal ini berarti 10% variasi kesiapan praktik kerja industri dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi dari variabel independen hasil  teknik otomotif, sedangkan sisanya 90% dijelaskan oleh sebab-sebab lain diluar model. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa ada pengaruh antara hasil belajar teknik otomotif terhadap kesiapan praktik kerja industri.
ФІЛОСОФСЬКІ ПІДХОДИ ДО РОЗУМІННЯ КАТЕГОРІЙ «ЗДОРОВ’Я/ХВОРОБА»
Authors: Біланов О. С.
Published: July 2020

The philosophical fundamentals of categories «health/illness» are analyzed; the genesis of the health concept in philosophical discourse and the basic semantic tinctures of «health/illness» concepts have been researched; the approaches to the understanding of the health in human philosophical doctrines have been analyzed and summarized.
Almorexant, an Orexin Antagonist with Anti-Tumoral Properties in Human Colon Cancer
Authors: Couvineau Alain , Dayot S. , Gratio V. , Nicole P. , Voisin T. , Couvineau Alain
Published: July 2020

Colorectal cancer, which is the third most common cancer, is the main cause of digestive cancer death.
Previous studies have demonstrated that orexins, hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in sleep and food
intake regulations, have anti-tumoral properties in digestive cancers. In the present work, we investigated
the anti-tumoral role of an orexin antagonist, almorexant, in colon cancer. The anti-tumoral role of
almorexant has been determined by in vitro and in vivo studies using HT-29 colon cancer cell line, which
expressed endogenous orexin receptor 1 subtype (OX1R). Our in vitro study indicated that almorexant was
able to reduce HT-29 cell viability by induction of mitochondrial apoptosis involving the tyrosine
phosphatase SHP2 and the p38 signaling pathways. In contrast, no effect was observed in the colon cancer
cell line HCT-116, which does not express OX1R, demonstrating that the anti-tumoral effect of almorexant
was mediated by OX1R. When HT-29 cells were xenografted in nude mice, the administration of
almorexant strongly reduced the tumor development with a potency similar to orexin. Our study supports
that almorexant, a small molecule analog of orexin peptide, could represent a putative candidate in the
treatment of colorectal cancer.