bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Social Media in Service Innovations
Authors: Ng Eric , Lien Ching-Yu
Published: December 2013

Service innovations have become an important source for organisations to gain competitive advantage in today’s increasingly dynamic, complex, and unpredictable business environment. While the concept of technology as a driving force for service innovations has long been recognised, the recent growing popularity in the use of social media has given rise to many concerns by businesses as there is insufficient knowledge and understanding about the usage of social media in the context of service innovations. This research seeks to investigate the impact of social media and the key challenges that impede businesses from leveraging social media in service innovations within the Australian hotel industry. The research adopts the use of a case study methodology that involves 12 in-depth interviews conducted with 6 businesses in the hotel sector. The findings highlight 4 key themes (i.e. behavioural change, online reputation, customer service channel, and monitoring and responding) in which social media has impacted service innovations and also revealed 9 major challenges (i.e. lack of adequate funding, difficult to determine financial gains, lack of human resources, lack of management support, lack of understanding of social media innovation, resistance to change, lack of proven evidences, lack of technological infrastructure and knowledge, and security concerns) that pose potential barriers for businesses to adopt and leverage the use of social media in service innovations.
Producer Services, Division of Labor, and Innovation in Semi-Industrialized Countries
Authors: Borello José A. , Morhorlang Hernán
Published: December 2013

The chapter contributes to the literature on innovation and producer services by suggesting that the division of labor and the forces that shape it in semi-industrialized countries may limit innovation and the acquisition of new firms’ capabilities. This chapter argues that a better understanding of production systems in semi-industrialized countries can by gained from an examination of producer services. The focus of the chapter is placed on the degree of vertical integration and the linkages that connect producer services with other agents. The chapter has two specific intentions: (1) to characterize the linkages that connect naval workshops with other agents and (2) to describe the characteristics of a group of suppliers of specialized industrial services. The chapter is grounded on a rich empirical base that makes possible a detailed analysis of producer services firms (naval workshops) but also of their main demand (shipyards). One central contribution of the chapter is to show that in semi-industrialized countries a significant proportion of producer services are still integrated in the demanding agents, and this is an obstacle to specialization and the achievement of economies of scale. The chapter is based on interviews and visits to 20 workshops, 26 shipyards, and 14 naval design studios.
A Semantic-Enabled Framework for E-Government Systems Development
Authors: Fonou-Dombeu Jean Vincent , Huisman Magda
Published: December 2013

The ultimate goal of e-Governance is to reach the stage of seamless service delivery in one-stop e-Government. This raises the engineering issues of integration, reusability, maintenance, and interoperability of autonomous e-Government systems of government departments and agencies. Therefore, appropriate methodologies that consistently address the aforementioned engineering issues throughout clearly defined e-Government development phases are needed. This chapter provides the design and specification, of a framework that amalgamates features from maturity models, software engineering and Semantic Web domains for semantic-enabled development of e-Government systems. Firstly, the methods and techniques used for the planning, design, and implementation of e-Government systems worldwide are investigated; a critical analysis is carried out to identify their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their contribution towards addressing the aforementioned engineering issues. Secondly, the proposed framework is drawn and specified. Finally, support tools including a business process model, an alignment matrix of stages and phases of development, and a weighting matrix of the intensity of semantic activities at various phases of development is drawn and described.
Web 2.0 in Governance
Authors: Spiliotopoulou Lefkothea , Charalabidis Yannis
Published: December 2013

There has been significant research in the private sector towards systematic exploitation of the emerging Web 2.0/Web 3.0 and social media paradigms. However, not much has been achieved with regards to the embodiment of similar technologies. Currently, governments and organizations are making considerable efforts, trying to enhance citizens’ participation in decision-making and policy-formulation processes. This chapter presents a novel policy analysis framework, proposing a Web-based platform that enables publishing content and micro-applications to multiple Web 2.0 social media and collecting citizens’ interactions (e.g. comments, ratings) with efficient use of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) of these media. Citizens’ opinions and interactions can then be processed through different techniques or methods (Web analytics, opinion mining, simulation modeling) in order to use the extracted conclusions as support to government decision and policy makers.
Ontology Development and the Role of Knowledge in E-Government Project Management
Authors: Ngwenya Bongani
Published: December 2013

The literature suggests that the elaboration of ontology contributes to the standardization and classification of concepts and terminologies, and it has been happening in some sectors, such as software engineering, e-Government services implementation, and project management. In the area of e-Government, knowledge plays a critical role in the development of e-Government transformation project management ontology, which aims at adopting and customizing the existing project management approaches according to the specific challenges encountered in the e-Government environment. It is in this context that this chapter presents an ontological representation of the concepts of e-Government project management in one of the developing countries in southern Africa. The chapter further intends to collaborate in the excellence and productivity of the management of the e-Government project process. This will also enable the interoperability and knowledge reuse between all factors and stakeholders related with the implementation of such types of projects as a lesson for developing countries. The data was collected by use of an interview protocol or schedule, and the researcher interviewed relevant employees of the two ministries, the Ministry of Information Technology and the Ministry of Information and Communication. The data was then analyzed qualitatively to draw a model that the Zimbabwean government is adopting.
An Overview of E-Government Technological Divide in Developing Countries
Authors: Oyekunle Rafiat A. , Akanbi-Ademolake H. B.
Published: December 2013

This chapter presents an overview of e-Government technological divide in developing countries. Technological divide here does not consist simply of telecommunications and computer equipment (i.e. ICTs), but it is also e-Readiness (i.e. the available capacity as indicated by workforce capacity to build, deploy, and maintain ICT infrastructure), ICT literacy (using digital technology, communication tools, and/or networks appropriately to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, and create information), e-Inclusion and/or e-Exclusion (i.e. no one is left behind in enjoying the benefits of ICT), etc., which are factors also necessary in order for people to be able to use and benefit from e-Government applications. Most of the currently published works on e-Government strategies are based on successful experiences from developed countries, which may not be directly applicable to developing countries. Based on a literature review, this chapter reveals the status of e-Government technological divide in developing countries and also underscores the challenges associated with e-Government in developing countries, thus bringing to the limelight the factors that influence the growth of the technological divide and different approaches that have been put in place to overcome the divide. In conclusion, this chapter advocates education and training, local content development, enhancing network infrastructure, and capacity building, among others, as ways of bridging the divide.
Evaluating Presidential Leadership Styles in Campaigning and Governing
Authors: Heith Diane J.
Published: December 2013

Since 1932, presidents increased their reliance on their unique relationship with the public in order to exercise leadership. However, after 1992, the president could no longer dominate the public sphere as partisanship increased in intensity and media outlets proliferated. The change in environment yielded a change in leadership style, as the size and strength of the president’s electoral constituency inspires the approach to public leadership presidents could employ (Heith, 2013). An analysis of President Obama’s presidential speech, using DICTION’s five master variables, Activity, Optimism, Commonality, Realism, and Certainty, allows for the continued investigation into how presidents use different voices targeted toward different audiences. This chapter’s comparison of President Obama’s reelection and governing rhetoric indicates not only that President Obama abandoned a national voice during his reelection year, but also how different his campaign voice was from his governing voice.
How President Obama Promoted Conflict Reconciliation and Diplomacy
Authors: Feste Karen A.
Published: December 2013

The American president is expected to demonstrate strong, respected political leadership at home and abroad. As a proposal for achieving more effective global governance, the 2008 Obama presidential campaign portrayed an optimistic appeal that U.S. interests should be redirected toward greater cooperation and inclusivity by engaging adversaries in conflict resolution processes. Did Barack Obama succeed in manifesting his campaign identity as a peacemaker during his first term in office? This question is examined through a content analysis of selected speeches of wide-audience appeal that illustrate his efforts to extend the olive branch in the context of the meaning of reconciliation. The net assessment is that Obama’s campaign image was transferred into the presidency, in particular the continuation of a high level of optimism expressed in his public speeches, in spite of political crises facing his administration.
Gate-Keeping and News-Seeking in Print and Online Outlets
Authors: Jarvis Sharon E. , Stephens Maegan
Published: December 2013

Traditionally, gatekeeping theory has been used to examine how journalists, editors, and publishers write, edit, and position information to become news. The opportunity for interactivity in online news outlets, however, creates space for audience members to play this role as well. Even though many in the journalism profession are worried about a shift in control from the front page to the home page, researchers have yet to analyze, systematically, the textual characteristics of the stories that online news-seekers select and deem most popular. This chapter compares the tone and scope of the stories appearing on the print front pages and those appearing in the online most read lists in twelve elite and regional news outlets. The findings show that news-seekers prefer serious soft news articles, stories that position readers prominently, and fact-laden updates. The chapter interprets these trends in light of an elitist approach to gatekeeping versus a more egalitarian mindset, and concludes that the articles promoted by news-seekers are far less frivolous than feared.
Analyzing Verbal Narratives in TV News and Commercials
Authors: Lowry Dennis T.
Published: December 2013

This chapter acknowledges the truism that “television is a visual medium” but discusses six reasons for sometimes focusing scholarly attention on the non-visual, lexical content of TV news and commercials. It summarizes three different lexical analyses of network TV news dealing with economic news reporting, the reporting of presidential approval polls, as well as general presidential news coverage. All three studies were carried out within the context of charges of political news bias, and all three found evidence to support public perceptions of such bias. The fourth study summarizes a longitudinal analysis of presidential campaign TV commercials from 1952-2008. The particular focus of this study was to look for lexical differences in the content of commercials from winning vs. losing campaigns. The four studies summarized in this chapter demonstrate that, even in this visual age of television, words still mean things.
Presidential Rhetoric and News Rhetoric
Authors: Du Ying Roselyn
Published: December 2013

This study examines the role of U.S. presidents as a news source in the media agenda shaping process. DICTION text-analysis software was used to analyze transcripts of U.S. presidents’ state of the union addresses and related news coverage from 1981 to 2007. DICTION software calculated scores for five major dimensions of content in the addresses and related news stories. Results revealed that the addresses and related news coverage contained dissimilar rhetoric, suggesting that, overall, the presidents had little influence on independent media outlets in that regard.
Standing-Up to the Politics of Comedy
Authors: Waisanen Don
Published: December 2013

This study examines the discourses of the U.S.’s 10 top-earning comedians in 2009 and 2010 through systematic textual analyses. Building from two prior case studies and working toward a communicative worldview for comedy as a pervasive mode of public communication, the results indicate that there are several generic clusters emerging across these acts involving rhetorics of optimism, uncertainty, individualism, and others. Many distinctive characteristics in the comedians’ messages are also noted. Through such practices, humorists advance a language with political significance—so this essay draws several connections and implications regarding comic discourses in public culture.
Understanding Institutions’ Rhetorical Agency
Authors: Beasley Vanessa B.
Published: December 2013

This chapter offers a view of the common conceptual ground, the “Really Big Question,” that links the chapters in this and its companion volume. Do institutions have rhetorical agency? Beginning with a discussion with a “Really Big Question” about why it might matter to scholars from multiple fields who share an interest in the language of institutions, this chapter identifies resolutions consistently offered throughout the DICTION-based scholarship presented here. It also considers some of the implications, with particular attention to what it reveals about the instrumental and constitutive functions of institutional language. The chapter concludes with three questions that remain, underscoring both the strengths and limitations of the research DICTION enables.
Classification of Sentence Ranking Methods for Multi-Document Summarization
Authors: Sovine Sean , Han Hyoil
Published: December 2013

Modern information technology allows text information to be produced and disseminated at a very rapid pace. This situation leads to the problem of information overload, in which users are faced with a very large body of text that is relevant to an information need and no efficient and effective way to locate within the body of text the specific information that is needed. In one example of such a scenario, a user might be given a collection of digital news articles relevant to a particular current event and may need to rapidly generate a summary of the essential information relevant to the event contained in those articles. In extractive MDS, the most fundamental task is to select a subset of the sentences in the input document set in order to form a summary of the document set. An essential component of this task is sentence ranking, in which sentences from the original document set are ranked in order of importance for inclusion in a summary. The purpose of this chapter is to give an analysis of the most successful methods for sentence ranking that have been employed in recent MDS work. To this end, the authors classify sentence ranking methods into six classes and present/discuss specific approaches within each class.
Efficient Summarization with Polytopes
Authors: Litvak Marina , Vanetik Natalia
Published: December 2013

The problem of extractive summarization for a collection of documents is defined as the problem of selecting a small subset of sentences so that the contents and meaning of the original document set are preserved in the extract in best possible way. In this chapter, the authors present a linear model for the problem of extractive text summarization, where they strive to obtain a summary that preserves the information coverage as much as possible in comparison to the original document set. The authors measure the information coverage in terms and reduce the summarization task to the maximum coverage problem. They construct a system of linear inequalities that describes the given document set and its possible summaries and translate the problem of finding the best summary to the problem of finding the point on a convex polytope closest to the given hyperplane. This re-formulated problem can be solved efficiently with the help of linear programming. The experimental results show the partial superiority of our introduced approach over other systems participated in the generic multi-document summarization tasks of the DUC 2002 and the MultiLing 2013 competitions.
Interactive Summaries by Multi-Pole Information Extraction for the Archaeological Domain
Authors: Locoro Angela , Ancona Massimo
Published: December 2013

Understanding and describing past or present societies is a complex task, as it involves a multi-faceted analysis of the norms, interactions, and evolutions that characterize them. This serves as the motivation for developing a tool, named Herodotus, aiming at supporting domain experts, such as historians or archaeologists, in the reasoning tasks over complex interactions characterizing a society in order to explain why some event took place and, possibly, to predict what could happen when some factors change. An important part of Herodotus is the text mining module that is responsible for the extraction of knowledge from written sources, such as books and scientific papers. Machines cannot always help users in dealing with natural language, because of the variety, ambiguity and non-rigidity that language shows in its use; they can only try to process information in a meaningful way for users. Information Extraction (IE) is the technology that pulls specific information from large volumes of unstructured texts and stores this information in structured forms. Users can then consult, compose, and analyze them. Domain-based IE should focus on an analysis of a specific state of affairs and, in this way, it can obtain more precise and detailed results. This helps domain experts to deal with the complexity of their everyday objects and environments. This chapter is centered on the Interactive Summary Extractor tool, whose scope is to organize, in a partially automated but substantially interactive way, text summaries for archaeological and historical documental sources. The texts so analyzed will help domain experts to collect data, viewing a synthesized version of it, compose such summaries in units of sense for the particular archaeological study or research that is in place, and so on. Summaries can then be modified, stored, retrieved and managed for later elaboration.
Social Network Integration in Document Summarization
Authors: Farzindar Atefeh
Published: December 2013

In this chapter, the author presents the new role of summarization in the dynamic network of social media and its importance in semantic analysis of social media and large data. The author introduces how summarization tasks can improve social media retrieval and event detection. The author discusses the challenges in social media data versus traditional documents. The author presents the approaches to social media summarization and methods for update summarization, network activities summarization, event-based summarization, and opinion summarization. The author reviews the existing evaluation metrics for summarization and the efforts on evaluation shared tasks on social data related tracks by ACL, TREC, TAC, and SemEval. In conclusion, the author discusses the importance of this dynamic discipline and great potential of automatic summarization in the coming decade, in the context of changes in mobile technology, cloud computing, and social networking.
Approaches to Large-Scale User Opinion Summarization for the Web
Authors: Darling William
Published: December 2013

This chapter discusses approaches to applying text summarization research to the real-world problem of opinion summarization of user comments. Following a brief overview of the history of research in text summarization, the authors consider large scale user opinion summarization on the Web, a summarization problem that is distinct from the traditional domain that the research has focused on until very recently. More specifically, they consider opinion summarization of large datasets that generally include large degrees of noise and little editorial structure. To deal with this kind of real-world problem, the chapter addresses three major areas that must be considered and adhered to when designing systems for this type of problem: simple techniques, domain knowledge, and evaluative testing. Each area is covered in detail, and throughout the chapter, the lessons are applied to a case study that aims to apply the recommendations to designing a real-world opinion summarization system for a fictional book publisher.
NewSum
Authors: Giannakopoulos George , Kiomourtzis George , Karkaletsis Vangelis
Published: December 2013

This chapter describes a real, multi-document, multilingual news summarization application, named NewSum, the research problems behind it, as well as the novel methods proposed and tested to solve these problems. The system uses the representation of n-gram graphs in a novel manner to perform sentence selection and redundancy removal for the summaries and faces problems related to topic and subtopic detection (via clustering) and multi-lingual applicability, which are caused by the nature of the real-world news summarization sources.
New Formats and Interfaces for Multi-Document News Summarization and its Evaluation
Authors: Berendt Bettina , Last Mark , Subašić Ilija , Verbeke Mathias
Published: December 2013

News production, delivery, and consumption are increasing in ubiquity and speed, spreading over more software and hardware platforms, in particular mobile devices. This has led to an increasing interest in automated methods for multi-document summarization. The authors start this chapter with discussing several new alternatives for automated news summarization, with a particular focus on temporal text mining, graph-based methods, and graphical interfaces. Then they present automated and user-centric frameworks for cross-evaluating summarization methods that output different summary formats and describe the challenges associated with each evaluation framework. Based on the results of the user studies, the authors argue that it is crucial for effective summarization to integrate the user into sense-making through usable, entertaining, and ultimately useful interactive summarization-plus-document-search interfaces. In particular, graph-based methods and interfaces may be a better preparation for people to concentrate on what is essential in a collection of texts, and thus may be a key to enhancing the summary evaluation process by replacing the “one gold standard fits all” approach with carefully designed user studies built upon a variety of summary representation formats.
Aspects of Multilingual News Summarisation
Authors: Steinberger Josef , Steinberger Ralf , Tanev Hristo , Zavarella Vanni , Turchi Marco
Published: December 2013

In this chapter, the authors discuss several pertinent aspects of an automatic system that generates summaries in multiple languages for sets of topic-related news articles (multilingual multi-document summarisation), gathered by news aggregation systems. The discussion follows a framework based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) because LSA was shown to be a high-performing method across many different languages. Starting from a sentence-extractive approach, the authors show how domain-specific aspects can be used and how a compression and paraphrasing method can be plugged in. They also discuss the challenging problem of summarisation evaluation in different languages. In particular, the authors describe two approaches: the first uses a parallel corpus and the second statistical machine translation.
Wind Resistant Design of Low-Rise Steel Buildings
Authors: Kang Qiu Yan , Wu Xi Shuang , Li Quan Xi
Published: December 2013

Light steel houses are widely applied to low-rise industrial buildings for lightweight, easy industrialization and fast construction. But under the condition of strong wind, there often occurs wind-induced damages to light steel houses because they are sensitive to wind loads, causing huge economic losses. This paper offers a wind-resistant design for a steel structure warehouse which may suffer from force-14 super typhoon with maximum wind speed of 150 km/h. The main factors affecting the wind-resistant capacity of steel structure plants as well as the attacking characteristics and failure mechanism of typhoon on low-rise buildings are fully analyzed. Opinions on the design of low-rise steel structure warehouses against typhoon have been proposed by discussing different wind directions. Considering conceptual design, we also provide some concrete measures of wind-resistance for low-rise buildings in coast areas.
Synthesis, Structures, Properties and DFT Studies of a New Bicopper Complexe [Cu(Hdmg)4(Hdmg)(teda)]·6H2O
Authors: Liu Xuan Wen , Qi Xi Wi , Liu Feng
Published: December 2013

A new copper complexe [Cu (Hdmg)4(teda)]6H2O(H2dmg=dimethyl glyoxime;teda=triethylenediamine) was synthesized by solution method of nickel nitrate with corresponding ligands. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c. The Cu2+ is five-coordinated with five N atoms of two dmg molecules and one teda molecule. The pdc anions, as a bridging ligand, link two adjacent Cu ions, forming a dinuclear structure. The structures and properties of complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectrum. We also studied the electronic structure and orbital energies of the title complex by DFT methods, and the results reveals that the energy gap between LUMO and HOMO is disappeared. CCDC: 952374
The Determination and Performance Evalution of Slurry System in Haita Region
Authors: Wang Ji Gang , An Hui Ming , Fan Zhen Zhong , Liu Qing Wang
Published: December 2013

For the unique geological features in Haita area, we optimized the synthesis conditions of slurry fluid loss additive ZJK103 and evaluated its performance. The experimental results showed that under different water conditions, water quality had no effect on fluid loss of ZJK103; The fluid loss additive had no adverse impact on compressive strength of cement stone; With same mixing water and different conserving water, the compressive strength did not change much. ZJK103 had better thickening effect than other average fluid loss additives. According to the performance of slurry system, the indoor synthetic slurry filtrate reducer could meet the quality requirements of Haita region cementing.
The Bearing Capacity of Agglomerated Wood Joints
Authors: Vavrusova Kristyna
Published: December 2013

The aim of this paper is in determination of nail bearing capacity in single-shear 4-nails joints of timber-cement boards of selected thicknesses bonded with middle solid wood (spruce) element on the base of destructive laboratory testing according to valid standards [1, 2]. The article also includes comparison with bearing capacity calculated according to Eurocodes [.
The Research Status of Self-Compensation Lubricating Composites at High Temperature
Authors: Han Ying , Wang Yan Jun , Wang Shou Ren
Published: December 2013

It is significant and necessary to carry out the development of self-compensation lubricating composites. In this paper, the current research of self-lubrication composites is summarized. The lubrication mechanism of the high temperature self-compensation lubricating composites is introduced and the research progress of matrix material and lubricant material of the composites is reviewed.
Wind Loadings on the Water Tank at Building Roof Top with Variant Installation Conditions
Authors: Chen Jwo Hua
Published: December 2013

A series of wind tunnel aerodynamic experiments were conducted to investigate the wind loads on the water tank located around the roof top of low-rise buildings with gable roof. There are two installation conditions discussed in this study, they were the alignment of tank and the location on roof. The result shown, the vertical tank might suffer less wind loading at each wind attack angle due to its symmetric shape. And the horizontal tank would have large wind loading in some approaching flow angles, especially in the 45 degrees attack angle the wind loading may reach its maximum. The variant location and roof slope were checked for the water tank installation, the results shown that the tank which installed at ridge region will suffer higher wind loadings and the border region of roof will be the recommended region for water tank installation.
Damage Resistance Behaviors of CCF300/5428 under Various Impact Energies
Authors: Li Ming , Zhang Jian Yu , Zhao Li Bin , Fei Bin Jun
Published: December 2013

Damage resistance behaviors of CCF300/5428 laminates under five levels of impact energies have been researched by using progressive damage method. The progressive damage models (PDM) are composed of 3D finite element models, Hashin-type failure criteria and Camanhos degradation rules. The impact procedure has been simulated by the progressive damage analysis with user defined subroutines which have been developed and embedded into the general finite element analysis package. The history curves of the contact force and the impact point displacement are plotted. The global damage at typical events for various impact energies is investigated.
Model Test on Negative Skin Friction for Super-Long Pile under Surcharge Load Considering Time Effect
Authors: Zhang Jian Wei , Wang Zhi Long , Qiao Dong Qin
Published: December 2013

Super-long pile bridges and high-rise buildings are commonly used in the form of pile foundation. In the flood area, due mainly silt stratum, as well as the decline in groundwater mound pile under the conditions set out in the consolidation, there will be a negative pile skin friction and negative friction obvious time effect, which bearing capacity of the pile has a great influence. Current research on negative friction for super-long pile considering time effect is relatively little. In the model box, on the base of the super-long pile silt model test, set out in a pile mound under consolidation, soil testing flour gradually over time preloading consolidation settlement, pile-soil relative displacement, so as to arrive negative friction pile variation with time, tip resistance variation with time from the pile-axial force curve deduce the location of the neutral point and changes in circumstances, the pile foundation engineering practice has a certain significance.
Effect of Temperature on Friction and Wear Properties of the Modified PTFE Three-Layer Composites
Authors: Xie Ting , Yang Hui , Yang Wen Juan , Yang Hua Ping
Published: December 2013

Because of the differences in application fields, regions, seasons and others, there are great changes in the service temperature. Therefore, it is very important to study the effect of temperature on the tribological behavior and service life of the polymeric composites, which has great significance for the material design and application selection of the modified PTFE three-layer composites. The tested results showed that the friction coefficient of the samples decreases with the increase of the test temperature. The wear loss rises gradually as the temperature increases, except for the abnormal higher wear at 20°C due to the crystal structure transformation of PTFE at l9°C. The wear mechanisms at different temperatures are different: at lower temperatures, the main wear mode is adhesive transfer and fatigue wear and a little peeling, belonging to normal wear. At higher temperatures, the main wear mode is a large number of adhesive transfer with large deformation or even melting.
Micro-Experimentation Research on Compression Sensitivity of Carbon Fiber Concrete
Authors: Wu Jing , Xu Ai Qin
Published: December 2013

The carbon fiber cement has compression sensibility. In this paper, the compression sensitivity of carbon fiber concrete is analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy with single fiber pull-out testing. Results show that the resistance of carbon fiber cement increases during the tensile test, the fractional change in resistance per unit strain of The carbon fiber cement is 38.38±0.05. In the meantime, the variation of resistance of single fiber pull-out under cyclic loading was studied. The resistance change caused by the elastic deformation is reversibility.
The Effect of Ball Media with Different Diameters on Grinding Kinetics of Cassiterite-Polymetallic Sulphides
Authors: Feng Jin Peng , Feng Xia , Ma Shao Jian , Liu Jie , Mo Wei , Yang Jin Lin , Su Xiu Juan
Published: December 2013

To investigate the effects of grinding media size on the grinding kinetics of cassiterite-polymetallic sulfide ores, the ball grinding media with diameters of 25mm, 30mm, 35mm and 40mm were studied in a laboratory ball mill. The results showed that the coarse and fine particles obeyed the first-order grinding kinetics laws in the process of grinding and the ball grinding media with 35mm diameter had a significant advantage on grinding up the coarse particles and controlling the generation of fine particles, which could provide theoretical guidance for practical production so that the grinding effects would be improved effectively and the problem of cassiterite over-grinding would also be settled very well.
A Computable Model for PCB Assembly Optimization Based on Polychromatic Sets
Authors: Du Xuan , Yu Gang
Published: December 2013

A modeling methodology is presented for printed circuit board(PCB) assembly optimization based on polychromatic sets(PS) theory. A computable model framework with hierarchical structure includes three layers, which are set layer(SL), logic layer(LL) and numerical layer(NL). Based on the hierarchical model and the mapping relationship among each layer, a computable model is formulated to describe the PCB assembly optimization problem in multiple PCB assembly tasks and multiple machines. The computable model not only involves various computation parameters, complicate constraint relationships such as process constraints, resource constraints and so on in PCB assembly optimization, but also describes the shortage of component, machine failure, order change and other uncertain factors. The optimization problems of PCB assembly in low-volume environment and multiple tasks can be solved efficiently.
Catalytic Ozonation with Activated Carbon for Treatment of Humic Substances in Water
Authors: Choi Hyun Soo , Rhee Dong Seok
Published: December 2013

Ozonation of the ubiquitous and poorly biodegradable humic acid in aquatic system was conducted in the presence of activated carbon with the aim of catalyst. The optimum operating parameters deduced from this study was GAC amount of 16.5 v/v% (GAC column volume per reactor volume) in the humic acid solution of initial pH 9. DOC removal rate in Ozone/GAC process was higher than the sum of Ozone alone and GAC adsorption process. Formaldehyde formation in Ozone/GAC process was less than in Ozone alone and GAC adsorption process. The part of molecular size distribution under 10 k Dalton were increased in the Ozone/GAC process.
Simulation of Rayleigh Wave Dispersion in Dipping Layered Site Based on FLAC3D
Authors: Shi Li Jing , Yang Gang
Published: December 2013

In this paper, FLAC3D is used to set up dynamic models of double layer, the data acquisition and analysis process of Steady-state Rayleigh method are simulated, and dispersion curves of Rayleigh wave are extracted. Studies are focused on the dispersion characteristic of Rayleigh wave in the medium with dipping layer. The results show that the presence of dipping layer has significant influence on the Rayleigh wave dispersion characteristic. The observed dispersion curves are different from the theoretical ones in 1D model. The deviations are much bigger than those caused only by the difference of the thickness below the two observation stations, and the deviations increase with the increase of dipping slopes. The extracted dispersion curves of Rayleigh wave are relevant to observation locations.
Analysis of Removal Rate by Using Magnetorheological Finishing Based on Hysteresis Shear Stress Model
Authors: Yang Guang , Zhang Cheng Liang
Published: December 2013

Under the effect of magnetic field, the removing material will produce by using magnetorheo1ogica1 fluid with contains hard magnetic particles or polishing powder, when the magnetorheo1ogica1 fluid moving relative to the workpiece. Magnetorheological finishing is a promising technology for manufacturing super-smooth components surface. According to Preston equation, mathematics model of magnetorheo1ogica1 fluid is established with the hysteresis shear stress model which composed of viscous and bilinear hysteresis shear stress model. After discussing the relationship between magnetic field and material removal studied, the results show that hysteresis shear stress model can describe the mechanical behavior of magnetorheo1ogica1 fluid perfectly and it is simple in form, explicit and easy to apply. Calculated value is consistent with the experimental values and the mathematical model is thus capable to play a guiding role in processing.
Thermal Fluid-Solid Coupling Numerical Simulation in Ultra-Supercritical Steam Trap
Authors: Li Shu Xun , Ding Qiang Wei , Hu Jian Hua
Published: December 2013

Aiming at the strength destruction of high temperature and high pressure valve in the normal condition, an ultra-supercritical steam trap was taken as the research object, the fluid-solid-heat coupling simulation was carried, and the distributions of the fluid pressure and velocity were obtained, the distributions of the whole valve temperature field, the stress and deformation were also obtained. The results show that the valve will not produce cavitation after the depressurizing of multilevel sleeve step by step, and the flow rate is controlled; the maximum stress is found on the connection of the upper sleeve and the gland, the thermal stress values on the import and export of the valve are larger, and according to the stress classification and assessing criterion, they all meet the requirements of strength. It can provide reference for the design and optimization of the high temperature and high pressure valve.
Analysis of Thermal Radiation Models for Large Open Pool Fire on Ship Deck
Authors: Ding Li Bin , Pu Jin Yun , Ren Kai
Published: December 2013

Three radiation models are discussed in the present paper. The heat fluxes vary considerably between different methods. In all models, fluxes vary highly on the position of nearing the flame and are almost identical on the far away position. Heat fluxes calculated from point source model is less than other two models, and Shokri-Beyler model is highest. Shokri-Beyler method is most applicable at heat fluxes greater than 5 KW/m2 and recommended in engineering design, and Mudan model is not applicable for calculating the heat flux nearing the flame.
Study of Vehicle Longitudinal Initiative Avoidance Collision System
Authors: Zheng Lei , Li He Yu Qiu , Sun Run Yun
Published: December 2013

Existing active safety technology need the participation of the driver, so individual differences of drivers will affect the work efficiency of the active safety devices. Under the circumstance of the MATLAB/Simulink, reaction time sub-model and vehicle longitudinal collision avoidance system model are established to simulate the movement of the car during its following the target vehicle, monitoring, analysis, judgment and taking measures. The results showed that the system can automatically complete the process of real-time monitoring of vehicle speed and spacing, hazardous situation, taking the deceleration measures, and avoid the collision.
Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Roadside Accumulated Water on Subgrade Temperature Field in the Freezing Region
Authors: Meng Qing Meng , Mao Xue Song , Fan Yu Shuo , Ling Si De , Xiao Xuan
Published: December 2013

The change of moisture-heat is the key factor that influences the seasonal freezing subgrade stability. In order to analyze the impact of the moisture on temperature field in the seasonal frozen subgrade, this paper established seasonal freezing subgrade model, calculated and analyzed the effects of subgrade temperature field in the middle of road, shoulder, slope and outside of slope with roadside accumulated water, based on the change of temperature field control equation. This research showed that roadside accumulated water has a significant influence on the subgrade temperature field. The results showed the range of 0°C isotherm under the accumulated water was bigger than normal subgrade, and the depth of 0°C isotherm was deeper under the accumulated water than normal.
A Numerical Simulation of Diesel Engine Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Based on KIVA-3V
Authors: Jia Xiao She , Liu Yong Feng , Yang Jian Wei
Published: December 2013

In order to study the effect of oxygen-enriched combustion on the performance of exhaust emission of diesel engine, the 4jb1 diesel engine is taken as the research object and kiva-3v program was used to simulate the oxygen-enriched combustion progress by changing the concentration of oxygen and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the intake. The result showed that with the increased of carbon dioxide concentration, the ignition delay period was shorten and the rate of heat release rate was reduced effectively, the average pressure and the average temperature in cylinder were reduced and the emission of nitrogen oxide can be controlled effectively under the condition of oxygen-enriched.
A SFMEA Method Based on Modeling and Simulation by Rhapsody
Authors: Wu Yu Mei , Sun Lei , Wu Li Jin
Published: December 2013

Software Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (SFMEA) technology is the most common technique in reliability and safety analysis. The common software FMEA methods are summarized and for object-oriented software, combined with the Rhapsodys characteristic of modeling and simulation, we proposed the SFMEA method based on modeling and simulation by Rhapsody and gave the process of implementation, the acquisition methods of failure modes and the SFMEA example.
Combined Simulation Based on AMEsim and Simulink for Hydraulic Cylinder Controlled by Servo Valve
Authors: Kong Xiang Zhen , Liang Jie , Kong Peng , Gai Li Hong , Guan Zhi Guang , Si Wen Hui
Published: December 2013

Based on the non-linearization of hydraulic cylinder controlled by servo valve system, the system mathematics model was difficult to be deduced. In the paper, by combining the rich model base of AMESim with Powerful function of numerical calculation of Matlab software, combined simulation for two softwares was presented. The simulation results were virtually the actual work conditions; also it provided better reference value for the next experiment research.
Coupled Thermo-Flowing 3D Steady State Model of Friction Stir Welding Process
Authors: Cui Jun Hua , Xu Wei , Guo Zheng Hua
Published: December 2013

The coupled thermo-flowing 3D steady-state model of friction stir welding model is established based on fluid mechanics. With analyzing the impact of pin shoulder and pin on heat producing, the model considers the influence of pin on the heat producing processing. The model applies viscoplastic constitutive equations to describe the material, and turbulence model to simulate the material flowing behavior. With the additional turbulence kinetic energy equations and flow boundary condition equations, the model is established. With Comsol Multiphysics finite analysis software, a process simulation was carried out, and the results reflect that the model can reveal the steady state characteristics of thermo and material flowing behavior of friction stir welding.
Research on the Influence of Bending Unloading Effect on Elongation in Cold Steel Strip Tension Leveling
Authors: Chen Bing , Lin Hai Hai , Guo Rui Juan , Shu Jian Hua
Published: December 2013

Based on the fundamental assumption of the stretch-bending straightening theory and applying the elastoplastic theory, the paper analyzes and deduces the distribution and change of stress and strain of strip in the bending springback, raising that bending unloading will increase the elongation of the neutral layer of the strip. Then, through the conditions set-up of the finite element simulation model and results of data analysis, we found the effect of different tension and bending degree on the elongation for the neutral layer of the cold strip in process of unloading, and this kind of influence is described quantitatively.
EMD Based on Time-Sequence and Window Function and its Application in Diagnosis of Machinery Faults
Authors: Luo Ren Ze , Cao Peng , Fu Yuan Hua , Huang Ya Bin , Yang Qing
Published: December 2013

To solve the end effect occurring in empirical mode decomposition adopted in the course of decomposition, we propose an improved method on the basis of time-sequence analysis and cosine window function. First, the ARMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) of time-varying parameter is adopted to extend signals, and thus the extended data can be smoothly connected with the original signal at the end. Second, the extended signals are processed with cosine window, so that the extended errors will exert no impact on the existing data. Finally, the signals processed as above mentioned will be decomposed with EMD to confine the end effect to the ends of the signal. The simulation and fault signal analysis prove that the proposed method can effectively reduce the impact of the end effect and be applied in rotating machinery fault diagnosis.
Discussion on the Grid Densities on the Influence of the Internal Force and Displacement of Thepile
Authors: Li Zhi Yuan , Liang Ren Wang
Published: December 2013

The paper established a composite foundation model, from top to bottom, the model is the backplane of structure. Using FLAC3D4.0 for numerical simulation, by changing the pile tip in upper, middle and lower in of soil underlying grid , analyze the settlement of the pile and pile axial force with the variation of mesh density and pile length, Therefore recommended that simulate the actual project will pile grid, but the appropriate grid density mainly depends on the measured value or experimental values of simulate project.