bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of drug utilization pattern in the department of radiotherapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: G. Chandan N. , T. Ranganathan , H. Nagabushan
Published: April 2019

Background: Drug utilization studies are an important tool in evaluating the rationality of therapeutic practice and also it is said to improvise the therapeutic use of drugs. The present study will be undertaken to evaluate the drug utilization pattern in the department of Radiotherapy.Methods: This was a prospective, observational study that was undertaken in the department of Radiotherapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months after obtaining permission from Institutional Ethical Committee. The study was conducted among cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The data was collected from the patient case records and was analyzed as per the WHO prescribing indicators.Results: In the present study it was observed that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 7.7. The drugs prescribed by generic name were 41.4%. Percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed was 100. Percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed was 20.5%. Percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drugs list was 35.8%.Conclusions: Drug utilization studies helps in modifying the prescription pattern and helps in making the drug usage more rational.
Evaluate use of over the counter drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Sood Megha , Bajaj Jagminder Kaur , Grewal Nipunjot
Published: April 2019

Background: In our country there is easy availability of drugs over the counter leading to their unintentional misuse and abuse. Over the counter availability of drugs does offer the benefit of easy access to medicines and allows individuals to become in charge of their own health. It is important to understand that medical education can impact the OTC drug use amongst medical students. In order to observe the pattern of OTC drug use among the first and second professional MBBS students we planned this study. The aim of the study was to evaluate use of over the counter (OTC) drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: Our study was a cross sectional study conducted on first and second professional MBBS students. Authors administered a self structured, prevalidated questionnaire to the students. The data obtained was tabulated, analyzed and the results calculated in percentages.Results: The use of OTC drugs is common amongst undergraduate students.  All (100%) the students who participated in the study had used OTC drugs at some point in their life. The common conditions prompting use of OTC drugs include head ache, body aches (74%), fever (72%), respiratory conditions such as: cold (60%), cough (28.5%), abdominal symptoms such as: abdominal pain (14%), gastritis (7.5%), diarrhea (6%), vomiting (5%) and allergies (10%). Very few students reported adverse drug reactions with these drugs.Conclusions: From our study we have concluded that OTC drugs are commonly used amongst medical students. So, periodic training and talks on self medication are necessary for them. Student knowledge in this aspect will help them in future counseling of their patients.
Reliability and validity of short answer questions in Pharmacology
Authors: Sreedharan Syam , Palappallil Dhanya Sasidharan , Munjely Elza Joy
Published: April 2019

Background: Short answer question (SAQ) is an excellent tool for assessment. Objective of this study was to understand the practices adopted in answering SAQ, assessment of reliability and validity of SAQ and faculty feedback on valuing SAQs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Pharmacology of a Government Medical College in Central Kerala from December 2018-January 2019. The study participants were given 10 minutes to answer the two chosen SAQs after which the response sheets were collected and valued by 2 independent examiners. Feedback on correction of the same questions was sought from Pharmacology faculties of various Medical Colleges through online survey. The data were analysed using SPSS software.Results: 100% participants attempted to answer the SAQ ‘Definition of a drug’ but none of them came out with the World Health Organisation definition of drug. For the second SAQ, ‘Two uses of atropine’ around 25(20.8%) participants had written two uses of the drug correctly. The reliability was 0 for ‘definition of a drug’ and 0. 50 (95% CI 0.082-0.702) for ‘Two uses of atropine’ and both the questions had no validity. The feedback on valuing definition and two use of atropine was variable.Conclusions: None of the students wrote definition of a drug correctly and majority gave multiple responses to uses of atropine instead of two valid responses. The short answer questions we tested were found to have moderate to no reliability and no validity. The faculties had variable perceptions in valuing the two short answer questions.
Histopathological Evaluation of Carcinoma Breast with Significance of Histological Grading and other Morphological Prognostic Factors at a Tertiary Health Care Institute
Authors: Gite Kavita , Chaudhari Rajendra
Published: April 2019

Background: Breast carcinoma is the second common malignancy among women. Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer are now widely used to predict prognosis of breast carcinoma and to plan its effective management. Aim and Objectives: To analyze the spread and extent of various histological patterns of carcinoma breast, to do grading and staging of the tumors and to correlate above factors with the prognosis. Material and Methods: The present study was a prospective study of histopathological findings of modified radical mastectomy specimens received in the department of pathology of Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Nashik over a period of 2 years and 3 months that is from June 2015 to September 2017. A total of 45 mastectomy specimens were analyzed in this period, using standard histopathology technique. Positive status of Axillary lymph nodes and other prognostic factors were analyzed. Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) was used to assess the prognosis. Follow up of all the patients was kept. Results: Out of 45 total cases, the most common histologic type was Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (NOS) (86.67%). The largest tumor size was 14.5cm. Maximum tumors were of Grade II. Out of the 45 cases, 31 (68.88%) cases showed tumor metastasis in axillary lymph nodes. 48.88% of the patients showed poor prognosis category with score greater than 5.4. Conclusion: After keeping follow up with the patients we came to a conclusion that, the lymph node status, tumor size, histologic pattern, histologic grade, necrosis and presence or absence of blood vessel invasion remains the best independent prognostic indicators.
Functional Outcome of Distal end Radius Fracture Treated by Ligamentotaxis by External Fixator with or without K Wire Augmentation
Authors: Mahajan Brijbhushan S. , Patil Vishal , Rathod Yogesh , Kulkarni Ameya , Nebhani Nimesh , Bhalerao Bhalchandra Prabhakar
Published: April 2019

Background: One of the most common injuries encountered in orthopedic practice are Distal Radius fractures. This comprises of 8%âˆ’15% of all fractures in adults. The reason for comminuted DER fractures is high-energy trauma in young and low-energytrauma in elderly. They present as shear and impacted fractures involving the articular surface of the distal radius with displacement of the fragments. External fixation for distal radius fracture relies on the principle of Ligamentotaxisin which, a distraction force applied to the carpus aligns the fragments by means of intact ligaments. The length and alignment of fracture fragment is guided by pull and counter pull which are otherwise difficult to control. Objective: To study functional outcome of distal end radius fracture treated by ligamentotaxis with evaluation of functional results according to Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score system. Material and Methods: We included 30 patients (Male 24 and Female 6) treated for distal end radius fracture during a period from 2015 to 2017. Patients were evaluated clinically by subjective assessment using DASH Scoring system. Result: After functional evaluation of patients according to the scheduled follow up with mean DASH Score of 76.08 at 1st month, 62.92 at 3rd month and 42.60 at 6th month, and was found to be Highly Significant (p<0.001) among all the compared groups. Conclusion: We concluded that external fixation and ligamentotaxis applied to complex distal radius fractures, when added with augmented K-wire fixation can provide direct augmentation of fracture stability and a good wrist function.
Ecological Factors Affecting Student Concentration in Classroom: Students' Viewpoint at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Marzban A , Rahmanian V , Ayasi M , Delavari S , Barzegaran M
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Environmental factors such as temepertature, humidity and light can affect learning environment and consecuently learning quality. This study aimed to investigate the ecological factors affecting concentration in the classroom from the viewpoints of students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 students using stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a two-part standard two-part questionnaire of demographic characteristics and ecological factors influencing the concentration including 29 questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS24 software using central scatter indicators (frequency, frequency, mean and standard deviation), independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.
Result: The mean and standard deviation of student's score on the ecological factors affecting concentration in the classroom in three areas related to the teacher, the student and the environment were 3.69 ± 1.48, 4.20 ± 1.56 and 3.10 ± 1.54. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of students' opinions about environmental factors in both sexes (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: The results showed that, by planning and holding joint meetings between the professors, students and educational officials of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, effective steps canbe taken to improve the environmental conditions affecting concentration in the classrooms.
Estimation of The Efficiency of Different Academic Departments Using Data Envelopment Analysis: A Study in an Iranian Medical University
Authors: Askari R , Rafiei S , Ranjbar M , Pakdaman M , Sepase F
Published: April 2019

Introduction: In every country, educational systems are regarded as the axes of development. Therefore, evaluating different academic departments as the main parts of educational systems is one of the most important responsibilities for university managers and authorities This study aimed at evaluating educational performance of all departments at the School of Health, a University of Medical Sciences using Data Envelopment Analysis technique in a time period of 2012-2015.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluated the performance of the School of Health departments from 2012 to 2015 using Data Envelopment Analysis technique and Deap version 2.1.
Results: The study findings revealed that 57% of the academic departments were efficient and had constant returns to scale (CRS) while others (43%) had decreasing returns to scale (DRS). The Departments of Health Care Management, Nutrition, and Environmental Health were mentioned as reference groups for those inefficient ones.
Conclusion: Improving the quality of universities' performance depends greatly on competent and well-organized academic departments. Thus inefficient departments should benchmark reference groups to increase their output and promote the performance.
Identity, equality, nameability and completeness. Part II
Authors: Manzano María , Moreno Manuel Crescencio
Published: April 2019

This article is a continuation of our promenade along the winding roads of identity, equality, nameability and completeness. We continue looking for a place where all these concepts converge. We assume that identity is a binary relation between objects while equality is a symbolic relation between terms. Identity plays a central role in logic and we have looked at it from two different points of view. In one case, identity is a notion which has to be defined and, in the other case, identity is a notion used to define other logical concepts. In our previous paper, [16], we investigated whether identity can be introduced by definition arriving to the conclusion that only in full higher-order logic with standard semantics a reliable definition of identity is possible. In the present study we have moved to modal logic and realized that here we can distinguish in the formal language between two different equality symbols, the first one shall be interpreted as extensional genuine identity and only applies for objects, the second one applies for non rigid terms and has the characteristic of synonymy. We have also analyzed the hybrid modal logic where we can introduce rigid terms by definition and can express that two worlds are identical by using the nominals and the @ operator. We finish our paper in the kingdom of identity where the only primitives are lambda and equality. Here we show how other logical concepts can be defined in terms of the identity relation. We have found at the end of our walk a possible point of convergence in the logic Equational Hybrid Propositional Type Theory (EHPTT), [14] and [15].
Problemas de exámenes y soluciones XXIX Olimpiada Costarricensede Matemáticas
Authors: Páez Christian , Abarca Marvin , Abarca Marvin , Chaves Leonel , Hernández Alexander , Calderón Gabriela , Mora Federico , Ramírez Jeremías , Jiménez David , Mora German , Chaves Emmanuel , Hernández Salomón
Published: April 2019

OLCOMA es la Comisión de Olimpiadas Costarricenses de Matemáticas. Esta comisión está conformada por académicos en el área de Matemática de la Universidad Nacional, del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia, y por representantes del Ministerio de Educación Pública y del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones.

Dentro de la estructura de las Olimpiadas Costarricenses de Matemáticas, se tienen tres niveles de competencia. En Nivel I participan estudiantes de sétimo año, entre 10 y 13 años, aproximadamente (también pueden optar por participar en este nivel los estudiantes de primaria que cursan sexto grado). En Nivel II participan estudiantes de octavo y noveno años, entre 14 y 15 aõs, aproximadamente. En Nivel III participan estudiantes de décimo, undécimo y duodécimo años, más de 15 años. Durante el año 2017, se trabajó con tres etapas. En la I Eliminatoria los estudiantes resolvieron un examen de selección única con 25 ítems. En la II Eliminatoria, los clasificados realizaron un examen con 12 preguntas de selección única y tres problemas de desarrollo. En la Etapa Final, los estudiantes clasificados realizaron dos pruebas en días consecutivos, cada prueba con tres problemas de desarrollo.

 El objetivo de este libro es que los futuros participantes en Olimpiadas Costarricenses de Matemáticas posean material de consulta. Los problemas que en este libro se enuncian representan un reto para quienes gustan resolver ejercicios matemáticos. Cada uno de los problemas tiene la solución respectiva, así que una vez que intenten resolver cada problema, pueden comparar el procedimiento realizado con la solución propuesta. Se han incorporado todos los problemas de I Eliminatoria para cada uno de los tres niveles, los problemas de II Eliminatoria para cada uno de los tres niveles, los problemas propuestos para conformar los exámenes de la Etapa Final y los problemas que conformaron los exámenes de la Etapa Final.
Chip Morphology in Turning of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy under Different Machining Conditions
Authors: Cagan Süleyman Cinar , Buldum Berat Barış , Özkul İskender
Published: April 2019

In
recent years, there has been an increase in research into industrial
applications, especially in the machining of lightweight metals. In this study,
the effect of processing of AZ91D magnesium alloy in different parameters
(machining medium, cutting speed, depth of cut, feed rate and cutting tool
types) on the
force, chip formation and cutting tool conditions were investigated. The
experiments were designed using the L18 orthogonal array of the
Taguchi method. Thanks to the Taguchi method, time and cost savings were
achieved by reducing the number of tests required. Then, the effect of the
turning parameters on the force values was obtained by analysis of variance.
The most important parameters affecting the force values were the depth of cut
and the feed rate. As a result, only the cutting speed has a significant effect
on the chip type.
Peningkatan Kemampuan dan Kemandirian Pengentasan Stunting melalui Pemberdayaan Petani Desa Sukogidri Kecamatan Ledokombo Jember
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Erma , Dewanti Parawita , Pralampita Pulong Wijang
Published: April 2019

Angka stunting di Kabupaten Jember cukup tinggi di Propinsi Jawa Timur. Desa Sukogidri merupakan salah satu desa penyumbang stunting di Kabupaten Jember. Secara umum, kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membantu menyukseskan program pemerintah dalam menurunkan angka stunting di Kabupaten Jember, dengan tujuan khusus antara lain untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan stunting dan bahayanya, meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pencegahannya serta meningkatkan kemandirian untuk pengentasan stunting dengan melatih tentang penanaman sistem hidroponik. Solusi yang diberikan oleh tim pelaksana pengabdian berupa kegiatan pendidikan dan penyuluhan serta pelatihan penyiapan menu sehat. Selain itu juga transfer pengetahuan tentang penanaman sistem hidroponik dan pemberian sistem hidroponik yang dapat digunakan untuk menyediakan bahan pangan yang sehat. Di akhir kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pembentukan model keluarga sadar gizi (KADARZI) yang dapat secara mandiri mengenali dan mengelola masalah-masalah gizi anggota keluarganya melalui upaya menimbang berat badan secara teratur, memberikan air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif, mengkonsumsi makanan beraneka ragam, menggunakan garam beryodium serta mengkonsumsi suplemen gizi yang sesuai dengan anjuran.

Kata Kunci: stunting, gizi, kadar gizi, Sukogidri

The prevalence of stunting in Jember Regency is quite high. Sukogidri village is one of the stunting contributing villages in Jember. In general, this public service activity aimed to support the government program to reduce stunting rates in Jember Regency and the specific objectives including increasing public awareness about stunting and its danger to health condition, increasing knowledge about prevention of stunting and increasing independence to alleviate stunting by training on planting hydroponic system and healthy menu preparation. The solution is provided by the service team including education and counseling activities, and training of healthy menu preparation. In addition, there was also transfer of knowledge about the planting of hydroponic system and the provision of hydroponic system that can be used to provide healthy food. At the end of the service activity, the team has developed the nutritionally aware family (KADARZI) model that can independently recognize and manage nutritional problems of family members by weighing regularly, provide exclusive breast feeding (ASI), consume diverse foods, use iodized-salt and consume supplements as recommended.

Keywords: stunting, nutritionally aware family model, Sukogidri
Dissents in Regulating Cultural Trade and Its Mechanisms of Dispute Settlements in Multilateral Forum: Analyzing the Roles of UNESCO and WTO
Authors: Pratamasari Annisa
Published: April 2019

Even though the volume of trade in goods and service increases in some advanced economy countries, trade in cultural goods and services remain in neglected terrain within multilateral frameworks. WTO has indeed highlighted the importance of cultural goods’ protection; however, its meaning and scopes, terms of protection, and dispute settlement on cultural goods and services have remained vague. On the other hand, UNESCO shed some lights on the trade of cultural goods and services, but some of the articles in its convention arises some contradiction with WTO clauses. The cases presented in this paper are all related to the culture trade, namely Canada for a periodical case (DS31), Turkey’s taxation of foreign film (DS43), Canada’s case on film distribution service (DS117), and China’s case on publications and audiovisual products (DS363). This paper aims to analyze how those cases were handled in the dispute settlement of WTO and supposed to be handled by both UNESCO and WTO. I would like to draw some lessons from the inadequate dispute settlement in WTO on culture trade, then proceed to formulate some suggestions of how cultural trade-related disputes are supposed to be formulated.
PERAN BAZNAS KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI SELATAN (BAZNAS) MELALUI PROGRAM DANA BERGULIR TERHADAP PENDAPATAN MUSTAHIK DI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI SELATAN
Authors: Tini Nor Wilis
Published: April 2019

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pendapatan mustahik mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan dengan sebelum mustahik mendapatkan modal usaha bergulir dari BAZNAS Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan dengan rata-rata pendapatan mustahik sebelum ada dana bergulir adalah 1.738.846,15 rupiah dan rata rata pendapatan mustahik sesudah adanya dana bergulir adalah 1.964.615,38 rupiah atau sebesar 12,98%. Mustahik perempuan maupun mustahik laki-laki mengalami peningkatan pendapatan sesudah mereka mendapatkan modal usaha bergulir dari BAZNAS Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan.
Pengaruh Kandungan Glukosa terhadap Arus Listrik pada Biobaterai dari Pasta Elektrolit Ketapang(Terminalia catappa L.)
Authors: Hotang Ronna Royani , Sarwuna Dina , Munfaatun Erin Septi , Togibasa Octolia
Published: April 2019

Pada penelitian sebelumnya, kami telah berhasil membuat biobaterai dari pasta elektrolit ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.). Namun demikian, peran glukosa dalam menghasilkan arus listrik dalam biobaterai masih menjadi suatu pertanyaan. Pada penelitian ini kami menyelidiki secara rinci akan kandungan glukosa dalam pasta elektrolit ketapang, dan melihat bagaimana hubungannya terhadap produksi arus listrik dalam biobaterai. Pengukuran kandungan glukosa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Miller, dimana nilai absorbansi dari larutan pasta diukur menggunakan Spectrophotometer-UV.Hasilnya menunjukkan adanya hubungan linier antara kandungan glukosa terhadap arus listrik pada biobaterai dari pasta elektrolit ketapang. Pasta segar diketahui memiliki konsentrasi glukosa sebesar 23.9 mg / mldan dapat menghasilkan arus sebesar 1 mA, pada saat biobaterai dipasang hambatan sebesar 100 Ω.
Identifikasi Akuifer Daerah Pallantikang Kabupaten Jeneponto dengan Metode Geolistrik
Authors: Nurfalaq Aryadi , Nawir Alfian , Manrulu Rahma Hi. , Umar Emi Prasetyawati
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi akuifer air tanah daerah Pallantikang serta memetakan sebaran potensi air tanahnya.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode geolistrik tahanan jenis konfigurasi Schlumberger dan pengukuran muka air tanah sumur. Berdasarkan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan maka akuifer air tanah Desa Pallantikang diperkirakan berasal dari batuan sedimen laut dengan nilai tahanan jenis 0,0193 Ohm.m – 70,19 Ohm.m. Akuifer ini dapat dijumpai pada kedalaman 1 m hingga 99 m sehingga Desa Pallantikang memiliki potensi air tanah yang besar.
Studi Analisa Kualitas Biobriket Campuran Bottom Ash Batubara dan Onggok Tepung Tapioka Menggunakan Karbonisasi
Authors: Triantoro Agus , Mustofa Adip , Kartini Kartini , Hanafi Abdurrahman
Published: April 2019

Biobriket merupakan bahan bakar padat yang merupakan alternatif pengganti minyak tanah dan gas yang mempunyai kelayakan teknis untuk digunakan sebagai bahan bakar rumah tangga, industri kecil ataupun menengah. Biobriket juga mempunyai keuntungan ekonomis karena dapat diproduksi secara sederhana, memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi. Biobriket yang dibuat berasal campuran antara bottom ash batubara dan onggok tepung tapioka. Ketersediaan bottom ash batubara onggok tepung tapioka cukup banyak di Kalimantan Selatan. Bottom ash  merupakan sisa hasil pembakaran batubara di PLTU yang saat ini belum banyak di manfaatkan dan hanya dibuang sebagai limbah. Padahal bottom ash  batubara ini masih mempunyai nilai kalori yang cukup tinggi sedangkan onggok merupakan ampas dari hasil pembuatan tepung tapioka yang juga belum di manfaatan secara maksimal.Permasalahan yang sering di jumpai dalam penggunaan biobriket bottom ash batubara sebagai bahan bakar energi adalah lamanya penyalaan, bau yang tidak sedap pada saat di bakar, daya rekat briket yang tidak bagus sehingga briket mudah pecah. Tujuan dari penelitian mengetahui komposisi terbaik biobriket  berdasarkan komposisi campuran, ukuran partikel dan parameter kualitas bottom ash batubara. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan uji laboratorium. Parameter uji laboratorium yang digunakan adalah karakteristik biobriket yang meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar volatile matter, nilai kalor, waktu pembakaran dengan variasi komposisi bahan baku dan binder. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa biobriketcampuranbottom ash batubara onggok tepung tapioka layak untuk di jadikan biobriket sebagai bahan bakar alternatif.Kualitas biobriket paling baik adalah biobriket dengan campuran 70% bottom ash, 20% onggok tepung tapioka dan 10% getah damar  dengan hasil analisa Inherent Moisture 14,15%, Ash 8,34%, Volatile Matter 34,89%, Kalori 5401,6 Kkal/kg serta durasi pembakaran 47 Menit 17 Detik.
Perbandingan Metode Potensiometri dan Spektrofotometri pada Penentuan Formalin
Authors: Umaningrum Dewi , Nurmasari Radna , Astuti Maria Dewi , Mulyasuryani Ani , Mardiana Diah
Published: April 2019

Penelitian tentang penentuan formalin menggunakan metode potensiometri dan spektrofotometri telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan hasil pengukuran kadar formalin antara metode potensiometri menggunakan sensor berbasis Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) dengan metode standar spektrofotometri. Metode penelitian diawali dengan membuat sensor formalin yang digunakan untuk mengukur kadar formalin menggunakan selulosa asetat sebagai ionofor. Tahap berikutnya adalah mengukur kadar formalin sampel menggunakan sensor dan metode standar spektrofotometri. Hasil pengukuran kadar formalin kemudian dibandingkan diantara kedua metode tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada penentuan formalin antara kedua metode tersebut tidak menunjukkan beda nyata.
Location Based Services (LBS) for Searching Tire Repair Location in Banjarbaru City Based on Android
Authors: Puspitasari Desy Ika , Kurniawan Mirza Yogy
Published: April 2019

The tire repair location is one of the determining factors sought by motorized vehicle users if they are experiencing a tire leak in the middle of a trip. This makes vehicle users panic and think to immediately look for the nearest tire repair location. Banjarbaru City has 5 sub-districts and 12 villages, and is the center of the South Kalimantan Province administration. Given the large number of settlements, especially now that there are many housing complexes in Banjarbaru, this automatically makes the number of new roads opened by the local government. Actually this can be an opportunity for tire repair entrepreneurs to open tire repair locations in several places, because nowadays there are still very few workshops or tire repair locations in the new residential area.Location Based Service System, or better known as LBS, combines the process of a mobile service with the geographical position of its users. The important point is when the target position, where a target might be an LBS user or another entity that is incorporated in a service. This research leads to android based applications and services that provide information of tire repairlocation, to make it easier for motorbike riders to find tire repair locations based on available facilities.
Diversity and distribution of fish fauna in the Ib River, a tributary of Mahanadi, India
Authors: Chandran Rejani , Tyagi L.K. , Jaiswar A.K. , Raizada Sudhir , Mandal Sangeeta , Mayekar Trivesh S. , Bisht Amit Singh , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Lakra W.S.
Published: April 2019

Ichthyofaunal survey was conducted in the Ib River (21°44’ to 22°50’ N; 83°56’ to 83°54’ E), an important tributary of Mahanadi, to evaluate the diversity and distribution of freshwater fishes along six sites on seasonal basis between February, 2016 and January, 2017. A total of 55 species belonging to 42 genera, 21 families and 9 orders were recorded from the study area. Maximum number of species belonged to the Order Cypriniformes (41.8%) followed by Siluriformes (21.8%) and Perciformes (21.8%). Maximum value of species richness was observed in downstream areas; Sundargarh and Barghat and least in upper stretches of Pamsala. Shannon–Weiner diversity index ranged between 2.47 to 3.68 at the six sites of Ib River indicating healthy state of the river. Bray-Curtis similarity cluster analysis suggests that similarities between sites decrease with increasing distance, with highest similarity found between Sundargarh and Barghat sites. Baseline data on fish biodiversity has been generated in this study which can now be periodically monitored and form basis for future conservation plans.
Nutritional profiling of selected species of edible marine molluscs from the south-west coast of India
Authors: Krishnan Soumya , Chakraborty Kajal , Vijayagopal P.
Published: April 2019

The current study determined the nutritional parameters of selected species of edible marine molluscs viz., Indian squid Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii, veined octopus Amphioctopus marginatus, spineless cuttlefish Sepiella inermis and edible oyster Crassostrea bilineata (=madrasensis) from the Arabian Sea and estuarine systems of the south-west coast of India. The selected species demonstrated balanced essential to non-essential amino acids ratio (1.04-1.52). U. (P.) duvaucelii exhibited greater quantities of sulfur comprising amino acids (0.102 g 100 g-1 wet weight) and lysine (1.566 g 100 g-1). Among polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were found to be prominent in edible portion of the molluscs studied (7.6-10.3 and 8.7-17.4% respectively). A. marginatus exhibited significantly greater n-3/n-6 PUFA (~7, p<0.05) than other molluscs. Lower thrombogenicity and atherogenicity indices (<0.45 and <0.85, respectively) make the mollusc studied during the present investigation valuable food items for cardioprotection and anti-platelet aggregation. Higher content of vitamin D3 (489 IU) and vitamin K1 (1.84 μg 100 g-1) in C. bilineata signified their importance in preventing osteoporosis. The results reveal that these species are good sources of essential elements and toxic metals were below threshold limits of recommended standards for human consumption.
Optimisation of nursery rearing for megalopa of giant mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal, 1775)
Authors: Antony Jose , Balasubramanian C.P. , Balamurugan J. , Sandeep K.P. , Biju I.F. , Vijayan K.K.
Published: April 2019

Three nursery rearing trials were conducted to overcome the inconsistent survival of megalopa of the giant mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal, 1775) during metamorphosis to crab instar. In the first trial, 3-4 days old megalopa (4.73 mg mean body weight) were stocked in hapas erected in outdoor brackishwater ponds and indoor fiberglass (FRP) tanks at densities of 500 nos. m-2 and 1 no. l-1 respectively and reared for 15 days using minced clam meat (Meretrix casta) as feed. Outdoor hapas were provided with seaweed, Gracilaria tenuistipitata as shelter. Mean survival rate of crab instar following three consecutive runs were significantly higher (p<0.05) for megalopa reared in outdoor hapas (57.7±2.7%) over indoor FRP tanks (24.1±2.2%). To ascertain the life stage that yields optimal survival on weaning from indoor hatchery to ponds, zoea 5 (Z5) and megalopa 1-day old (M1), 2-day old (M2), 3-day old (M3) and 4-day old (M4) were reared in hapas for15 days and fed on minced clam meat. Three day and 4-day old megalopa demonstrated significantly higher survival rates (p<0.05) of 62.3±3.08% and 69.6±2.35% respectively to crab instar stage at conclusion of the trial. Megalopa (3-4 days old, 5.05 mg mean body weight) were stocked to 100 l tanks (stocking density - 1 no. 4 l-1) and reared for a period of 8 days using different feeds viz., artemia biomass (T1), minced clam meat (T2), crab larvae (T3) and artemia nauplii (T4) in the third trial to evaluate various production parameters. Crab instar conversion rate (number of crab instars/number of megalopa stocked × 100) was significantly higher (p<0.0001) for megalopa fed using artemia biomass (T1) and minced clam meat (T2) at 74.66±5.81% and 72.00±2.30% respectively. Results of the present study indicate that, high density rearing (500 no. m-2) of megalopa (3-4 days old) in outdoor hapas provided with seaweed refuge for short periods (15 days) would yield higher survival rate to crab stage. Nursery rearing of megalopa in ponds reduces the hatchery phase in mud crab larval rearing and maximise production of crab instars.
Effect of replacement of de-oiled rice bran with sweet potato leaf meal on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and body composition of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Ahmad Ziahan , Deo Ashutosh Dharmendra , Kumar Sarvendra , Ranjan Amit , Aklakur Md , Sahu Narottam Prasad
Published: April 2019

A 60-days feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the utilisation of sweet potato leaf meal (SPLM) for replacement of de-oiled rice bran (DORB) in the diets of rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings. SPLM has good protein content (22.12%) and digestible energy content (11.81 MJ kg-1). Five iso-nitrogenous (30%) and iso-caloric diets (13.5 MJ kg-1) were prepared by replacing DORB with sweet potato leaf meal (SPLM) at 0% (C), 25% (T1), 50% (T2), 75% (T3) and 100% (T4). Each dietary treatment was tested in triplicates with 12 fingerlings per tank, following completely randomised design. The growth performance and feed utilisation parameters viz., weight gain % (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly different (p>0.05) among treatments. The digestive enzyme activity remained unaffected except amylase activity, which increased significantly in 50% SPLM replacement group (T2). Chymotrypsin decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the treatment groups. Metabolic enzymes viz., ATPase activity of liver increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity in the intestine had irregular pattern. The present study indicates that DORB can be completely replaced by SPLM without affecting growth performance and digestive enzyme activity in the diet of L. rohita.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Salinitas Terhadap Viabilitas Bakteri Pseudomonas spp.
Authors: Arisandi Apri , Wardhani Maulinna Kusumo , Badami Kaswan , Sopiyanti Anisa
Published: April 2019

ABSTRAK

Kondisi perairan laut yang fluktuatif dan cenderung ekstrim menyebabkan rumput laut mudah terserang penyakit ice-ice. Munculnya bercak putih pada thallus rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii yang terinfeksi penyakit ice-ice diduga disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen yaitu Pseudomonas spp.  Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan salinitas terhadap viabilitas bakteri Pseudomonas spp dan untuk mengetahui pada salinitas berapakah bakteri Pseudomonas spp tidak dapat tumbuh. Bakteri diidentifikasi melalui uji biokimia, dan viabilitas diamati dengan menanam bakteri pada media TSA plate dengan salinitas 30, 32, dan 34 ppt dengan 3 kali pengulangan, dan untuk uji konfirmasi bakteri di tanam pada media TSA miring dengan kadar salinitas 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, dan 100 ppt. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bakteri tumbuh dengan normal pada hampir semua media uji kecuali pada media 100 ppt, hal ini menunjukan bahwa bakteri Pseudomonas spp merupakan bakteri yang bersifat halofilik atau dapat tumbuh baik pada kadar salinitas yang tinggi.

Kata Kunci: Eucheuma cottonii, ice-ice, Pseudomonosa spp,Viabilitas. 

The Influence of Salinity Difference to Viability of Pseudomonas spp. Bacteria

ABSTRACT

The conditions of marine waters that fluctuate and tend to extremes can cause seaweed susceptible to ice-ice disease. The appearance of white patches on infected Eucheuma cottonii seaweed thallus is estimated as ice-ice disease which is caused by pathogenic bacteria of Pseudomonas spp  The objectives of this research is to determine the effect of salinity difference to viability of bacteria Pseudomonas spp and to know on what salinity is the bacterium Pseudomonas spp that can’t grow. Bacteria were identified by biochemical tests. Viability was observed by planting bacteria on TSA plate medium with salinity 30 ppt, 32 ppt, and 34 ppt with 3 repetitions, and for bacterial confirmation test in planting on TSA tilting with salinity 0 ppt, 20 ppt, 40 ppt, 60 ppt, 80 ppt, And 100 ppt. The results showed that bacteria grew normally in almost all test media except in 100 ppt media, this showed that Pseudomonas spp bacteria were halophilic bacteria or could grow well at high salinity levels.

Keywords: Eucheuma cottonii, ice-ice, Pseudomonosa spp, Viability.
Pengembangan Media Kotak Cahaya Pelajaran IPA Materi Sifat-Sifat Cahaya
Authors: Sholiha Mariatus , Tamam Badrud , Munawaroh Fatimatul
Published: April 2019

Media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam keberhasilan proses pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas, efisien, dan daya tarik media pembelajaran Kotak cahaya pada materi sifat-sifat cahaya. Penelitian ini  menggunakan model 4D yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan define, design, development dan dessiminate. Namun peneliti memodifikasi model 4D menjadi 3D, yakni tahap disseminate dalam penelitian ini tidak dilakukan karena keterbatasan waktu, biaya, dan tenaga. Instrumen dan media pembelajaran ini telah divalidasi oleh beberapa ahli yaitu ahli bahasa, ahli materi dan ahli media. Terdapat 3 uji coba penelitian yaitu uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil, dan uji coba kelompok besar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa persentase kelayakan media pembelajaran Kotak cahaya menurut ahli bahasa adalah 99,4% (sangat layak), ahli materi 90% (sangat layak), dan ahli media 86,9% (sangat layak). Efektivitas media pembelajaran Kotak cahaya diukur dari segi proses yang didapat dari tes hasil belajar yaitu pada uji perorangan 100% (sangat efektif), uji kelompok kecil 100% (sangat efektif), dan uji kelompok besar 95,4% (sangat efektif). Efisiensi media pembelajaran Kotak cahaya yang diperoleh dari hasil validasi ahli media mendapatkan persentase 87,5%. Sedangkan kemenarikan media pembelajaran Kotak cahaya diukur menggunakan angket siswa dengan persentase uji perorangan 98,3% (sangat menarik), kelompok kecil 94,6% (sangat menarik), dan kelompok besar 96,6% (sangat menarik). Berdasarkan hasil dari validasi ahli dan uji coba, media kotak cahaya layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA.
Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, kotak cahaya, materi Sifat-sifat Cahaya
Mesin Pencacah Cengkeh
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad Sulhan , Predianto Engga , Rhohman Fatkur
Published: April 2019

Telah dirancang mesin pencacah cengkeh untuk skala home industry dengan modifikasi model pisau dan sistem perajangan. Perancangan mesin menggunakan variasi model pisau, pisau pertama berbentuk memanjang horisontal dengan dimensi alas pisau 15 mm, tinggi pisau 3 mm, panjang 150 mm. Pisau kedua dengan bentuk zigzag horisontal dengan dimensi alas pisau 20 mm, tinggi 3 mm, panjang 50 mm. Modifikasi bentuk pisau ini diharapkan memberikan perbedaan hasil cacahan yang halus dan teratur. Dalam perancangan mesin pencacah cengkeh ini juga ditentukan daya motor yang akan digunakan yaitu 0,4625 HP pada putaran 1.400 Rpm. Perancangan mesin pencacah cengkeh ini diharapkan bisa menghasilkan mesin yang sederhana dan mudah digunakan dengan kualitas yang baik, untuk kapasitas pencacahan kurang lebih 5 kg/jam. Dengan menggunakan mesin pencacah ini dalam jangka panjang diharapkan bisa membantu meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat di daerah penghasil cengkeh.

Kata Kunci: model pisau, sistem perajangan, hasil cacahan.

 

ABSTRACT

It has been designed clove slicer machine for home industry scale with knife modification and slicer system. The machine used a variation of the knife model, the first knife was horizontally elongated with the dimensions of the knife layer 15 mm, 3 mm height, 150 mm length and the knife length 50 mm. The second knife with a horizontal zigzag with the dimensions of the layer knife 20 mm, 3 mm height, 50 mm long. The modification of knife shape is expected to give the good difference and orderly sliced results. In designed of this machine also determined the clove slicer force motor power, it will be used 0.4625 HP at 1,400 Rpm. The design of clove slicer machine is expected to produce a simple and easy to use machine in good quality, for slicering capacity of approximately 5 kg/hour. In the future, using this slicer machine is expected to improve income of the clove-producing societies.
Keywords: knife, slicer system, sliced result.
Studi Etnobotani Pemanfaatan Tanaman Sayuran di Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Setiawan Eko
Published: April 2019

Indigenous vegetables have become popular, but the information of crops cultivated by farmers is limited. The objective of this research was to investigate the crops cultural of indigenous vegetables by farmers and their uses in Pamekasan district, East Java, Indonesia during rainy season, December of 2016. In depth observations of the indigenous vegetables and interviews with farmers were conducted in six sub-districts, i.e., Pasean (50 m above the sea level; asl), Waru (159 m asl), Pakong (250 m asl), Kadur (140 m asl), Pademawu (7 m asl) and Tlanakan (22 m asl). This study showed that utilization of the indigenous vegetables in Pamekasan district is still varied and not yet maximal. Vegetable crop has been highest utilities by the society in Waru Sub-district (50%), Tlanakan Sub-district (47.1%) and Pademawu Sub-district (42.1%), while the vegetables utilization has not been maximal in Kecamatan Kadur (53.3%), Pakong Sub-district and Pasean Sub-district (50%). The most un-utilities vegetables are in Kecamatan Pakong (22.2%) and Pasean sub-districts (20%).
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROZOOBENTHOS DI KAWASAN EKOSISTEM PESISIR PULAU SEPANJANG KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Suparno Ahmad Faris , Insafitri Insafitri , Romadhon Agus
Published: April 2019

Makrozoobenthos merupakan suatau organisme dasar perairan yang hidup di permukaan (Epifauna) atau didalam (infauna) substrat dasar ekositem pesisir yang berupa ekositem mangrove dan lamun. Makrozoobentos merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan lingkungan akuatik yang baik Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2017 yang berlokasi di Pulau Sepanjang Kabupaten Sumenep yang bertujuan untuk 1. Mengetahui parameter kualitas perairan yang berada pada setiap lokasi penelitian 2. Mengetahui jenis makrozoobenthos di setiap stasiun penelitian yang berada pada kawasan pesisir ekosistem pulau sepanjang 3. Mengetahui perbedaan komposisi makrozoobenthos di setiap stasiun penelitian yang berada pada kawasan pesisir ekosistem pulau sepanjang 4. Mengetahui struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos yang terdapat pada kawasan pesisir di perairan Pulau Sepanjang Kabupaten Sumenep.Pengambilan data dilakukan pada ekositem mangrove dan lamun, dengan metode purposive sampling. Berdasrkan hasil pengamatan ditemukan 21 jenis dari 3 filum. Dari hasil perhitungan struktur komunitas Stasiun 1 mendapatkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman yang rendah indeks keseragaman sedang dan indeks dominasi sedang yang menandakan indikasi adanya tekanan yang berat dan ekosistem tidak stabil, penyebaran spesies rendah dan kestabilan komunitas rendah dan terjadinya dominasi suatu spesies yang tinggi.Stasiun 2 dan 3 memiliki nilai keanekaragaman sedang indeks keseragaman tinggi dan indeks dominasi rendah yang menandakan produktivitas lingkungan cukup, kondisi ekosistem cukup seimbang, tekanan ekologis sedang penyebaran tiap spesies sedang dan kestabilan komunitas sedang sehingga tidak terjadinya dominasi dari suatu spesies.
STUDI PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN TERNAK DI KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Rahman Taufik
Published: April 2019

Kabupaten Pamekasan dikenal sebagai salah satu daerah penghasil ternak di Madura. Berdasarkan data BPS, pada tahun 2015 jenis ternak yang banyak ditemukan antara lain didominasi oleh sapi potong, kambing, domba dan ternak unggas. Namun persebaran kawasan peternakan di Kabupaten Pamekasan tidak begitu merata. Hal ini diduga disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain faktor geografis wilayah, faktor sosial dan faktor ekonomi. Studi pengembangan kawasan berbasis peternakan di Kabupaten Pamekasan ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Memetakan sebaran kawasan peternakan di Kabupaten Pamekasan berdasarkan jenis ternak dan letak geografisnya; (2) Mengumpulkan dan menganalisa data perkembangan usaha peternakan di Kabupaten Pamekasan; (3) Mengidentifikasi permasalahan dalam menjalankan dan mengembangkan usaha peternakan; (4) Menganalisa kawasan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi kawasan berbasis peternakan. Berdasarkan perhitungan nilai IDD, dari 13 kecamatan di Kabupaten Pamekasan, hanya 1 kecamatan yaitu Tlanakan yang memiliki status rawan (nilai IDD<2) untuk daya dukung peternakan. Sementara itu, wilayah kecamatan lainnya memiliki status aman (nilai IDD>2). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ternyata sebagian besar wilayah Kabupaten Pamekasan sesuai untuk dikembangkan sebagai kawasan peternakan bila ditinjau dari ketersediaan hijauan pakan. Berdasarkan nilai IDD, maka direkomendasikan bahwa wilayah yang sesuai untuk dikembangkan sebagai kawasan berbasis peternakan adalah Kecamatan Batumarmar, Galis dan Pademawu.
Kata Kunci
TINJAUAN PERKEMBANGAN PERTANIAN JAGUNG DI MADURA DAN ALTERNATIF PENGOLAHAN MENJADI BIOMATERIAL
Authors: Amzeri Achmad
Published: April 2019

Penyebaran jagung lokal diperkirakan kurang dari 25% yang mayoritas ditanam di Madura (Jawa Timur), Nusa Tenggara Timur, dan Sulawesi Selatan. Diperkirakan lebih dari 55% kebutuhan jagung dalam negeri digunakan untuk pakan, sedangkan untuk konsumsi pangan hanya sekitar 30%, dan selebihnya untuk kebutuhan industri lainnya dan benih. Dengan demikian, peran jagung sebetulnya sudah berubah lebih sebagai bahan baku industri dibanding sebagai bahan pangan. Luas wilayah yang sangat sesuai untuk budidaya jagung mencapai 70.279,5 ha atau 15,4% dari luas wilayah Madura. Luas wilayah yang sesuai mencapai 211.512,3 ha atau 46,3%. Luas wilayah yang kurang sesuai 161.098,6 ha atau 35,3% dan wilayah yang tidak sesuai untuk budidaya jagung mencapai 13.732,0 ha atau 3% dari luas wilayah Madura. Lahan di Madura sebagian besar (>90%) jagung yang dikembangkan untuk pangan adalah jenis lokal, sedangkan di Jawa Timur, selain Madura, telah didominasi (>70%) oleh varietas unggul bersari bebas dan hibrida. Budidaya jagung di Madura masih dilaksanakan secara sederhana (tradisonal) yang biasa dilakukan secara turun temurun. Petani masih sulit diajak untuk melakukan perubahan dan menerapkan bercocok tanam yang dapat meningkatkan produksinya, baik mengenai penggunaan varetas unggul, pemakaian pupuk, pemeliharaan tanam maupun jarak tanamnya. Sampai saat ini jenis jagung yang dibudidayakan masih menggunakan varietas lokal yang tingkat produksinya masih rendah. Melihat potensi lahan pertanian untuk jagung di Madura, maka paradigma petani yang memanfaatkan jagung untuk konsumsi (subsisten) harus dirubah pemanfaatannya menjadi jagung untuk industri.