bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investment Services Regulation in Germany and Japan
Authors: Baum Harald , Yamanaka Toshiaki
Published: June 2021

This article studies the protection of retail and professional investors when financial products are sold or when investment advice is given. To this end, it clarifies the similarities and differences in the legal setting governing investment services firms in Germany and Japan, with a particular focus on a) the persons to be protected, b) information to be provided and c) private enforcement. Although regulatory structures are largely divergent in these two jurisdictions, the legal situation converges in several important points in relation to lawmaking in the European Union and the United States. Those convergences appear informative for the development of laws in jurisdictions other than Germany and Japan.
Self – aligned mesoporous titania nanotubes – reduced graphene oxide hybrid surface: A potential scaffold for osteogenesis
Authors: Wadhwa Shikha , Roy Souradeep , Mittal Neha , John Alishba T , Midha Swati , Mohanty Sujata , Vasanthan Kirthanashri S. , Mathur Ashish , Ray Sekhar C.
Published: June 2021

Damaged or degenerative joints are treated with total joint replacement, however, despite many successful outcomes, significant problems such as implant loosening, and failure occur. These problems occur due to the inability of the implant to support bone cell attachment, delaying the cell–implant interaction affecting bone regeneration. Hence it is recommended to develop and modify implants to induce bone cell proliferation. Herein, we report a self-aligned titania nanotubes–reduced graphene oxide (TiNT–reduced GO) hybrid surface for growth and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The hybrid surface is characterised using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation was studied using standard MTT and fluorescence assays. TiNT–reduced GO hybrid surface, with TiO2 nanotube of diameter 80 –110 nm and length ⁓500 μm with uniform deposition of reduced GO all over the surface, demonstrated about 50% increased cell growth compared to TiO2 nanotubes surface. The osteoinductive behaviour of TiNT–reduced GO is observed as these hybrid films support the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, hence promising to be a potential implant material for bone regeneration.
Probleme der Textgestaltung in der Sprachgeschichtsschreibung
Authors: Reichmann Oskar
Published: June 2021

Der Artikel geht von drei für die Sprachgeschichtsschreibung relevanten Kommunikationsebenen aus: der Objektebene, der Ebene ihrer historischen Behandlung und einer metahistorischen Ebene. Alle drei Ebenen unterliegen wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Vorgaben. Kennzeichnend für die historische Ebe­ne ist die besondere Beachtung des Sachbezuges geschichtlicher Texte und einer damit einhergehenden Minderbeachtung ihres Illokutions- und Perlokutionspotentials. Daraus folgt die Ausrichtung der Sprachgeschichtsschreibung auf Hochwerte wie ‚Objektivität‘, ‚Vollständigkeit‘, ‚Wahrheit‘. Das bedeutet oft eine gewisse Fixierung auf diejenigen, meist ausdrucksseitigen Fakten des Gegenstan­des, die diesen Ansprüchen am ehesten entsprechen. Die Frage, für wen sie existentielle Relevanz haben könnten, wird kaum gestellt. Der Beitrag hebt die Sprachgeschichtsschreibung aus ihrer üblichen Fixierung auf vorgebliche Hochwerte der gerade genannten, oft irrelevant sachbezogenen Art heraus und stellt den Sprachhistoriker in einen prinzipiell kommunikativen Rahmen, d. h. in die historisch-semantische Sinnverpflichtung gegenüber seinen Rezipienten. Das läuft auf eine sicher nicht konfliktfreie ideologische Neubestimmung des Stellenwertes der Sprachgeschichtsschreibung in der Gesellschaft hinaus.
Wortverbund- und Wortfeldanalyse
Authors: Attig Matthias
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag unterzieht zwei Ansätze, die den Großbereichen der sprachwissenschaftlichen Diskurssemantik und der literaturwissenschaftlichen Stellen- bzw. Kommentarphilologie beizuzählen sind, nämlich Wortverbund- und Wortfeldanalyse, einer vergleichenden Betrachtung. Diese erstreckt sich ebenso auf die interpretative Praxis wie auf die konzeptuellen Voraussetzungen der beiden Paradigmen. Aspekte wie ‚Relationalität von Bedeutung‘, ,Verhältnis von Ausdruck und Inhalt‘ sowie ‚Grad der methodologischen Gebundenheit‘ erhalten besonderes Gewicht.
Diskurse im Spiegel der Wortbildung
Authors: Ganslmayer Christine , Müller Peter O.
Published: June 2021

In der bisherigen Diskursforschung wurden Aspekte der Wortbildung noch nicht systematisch berücksichtigt. Am Beispiel von -ismus wird in diesem Beitrag gezeigt, wie die Analyse eines Wortbildungsmusters Zugänge zu Diskursen eröffnen kann. Ausgangpunkt ist eine quantitative Auswertung aller -ismus-Types und -Tokens des Deutschen Textarchivs (DTA). In einzelnen Fallstudien wird die diskursrelevante Rolle hochfrequenter -ismen im kulturgeschichtlichen Wandel exemplifiziert. Fokussiert werden Domänen und Akteure des -ismus-Gebrauchs sowie Tendenzen der Verallgemeinsprachlichung und die diskursive Funktionalisierung der Ismen zwischen 1600 und 1900.
Stille – Schweigen – Verschwiegenheit: Kommunikationsideale?
Authors: Lautenschläger Sina
Published: June 2021

Schweigen ist ein linguistisch hochinteressantes Phänomen: Einerseits bietet es materiell wortwörtlich nichts an, hat keine Substanz, andererseits ist es aber ein hochwirksames interaktives Mittel der Kommunikation. Mittels einer Kombination aus korpuslinguistischem und textsemantischem Zugang befasst sich der Beitrag mit der Ausdifferenzierung von Stille, Schweigen, Stillschweigen und Verschwiegenheit in metakommunikativen Äußerungen mit besonderem Fokus auf markiertem Schweigen. Als Basis dient dabei ein Korpus, das fiktionale und nicht-fiktionale Texte aus dem 18. und 19. Jh. beinhaltet.
Erhebung und Analyse frühneuzeitlicher Diskurse
Authors: Schulz Matthias , Hinkelmanns Peter
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag fragt danach, inwieweit die für gegenwartssprachliche Fragestellungen etablierten diskurslinguistischen Analyseansätze auch für frühneuzeitliche Diskurse gewinnbringend anwendbar sind. Am Fallbeispiel eines auf die Jahre zwischen 1558 und 1564 zu datierenden Diskurses zur Nachnutzung des Greifswalder Dominikanerklosters werden die Identifizierung und die Bereitstellung des Diskurses präsentiert und Analyseperspektiven beispielhaft vorgeführt. Die methodischen Zugriffe und die Analysen frühneuzeitlicher Diskurse erweisen sich dabei als ähnlich lohnend wie dies bei gegenwartssprachlichen diskursanalytischen Zugriffen der Fall ist. Korpusorientierte diskurslinguistische Zugriffe können damit auch für die Erforschung der mittleren und älteren Sprachgeschichte als „eminent wichtige[r] neuere[r] Baustein im systematischen Projekt der Linguistik” (Warnke 2018 a: XI) angesehen werden.
Vom Antijudaismus zum Antisemitismus – Ein diskursanalytischer Rückblick am Beispiel von Hugo BettauersStadt ohne Juden
Authors: Lobenstein-Reichmann Anja
Published: June 2021

In seiner 1922 in Wien publizierten Dystopie „Stadt ohne Juden“ beschreibt Hugo Bettauer in geradezu prophetischer Weise, welche Wirkungen sprachliche Strategien der Ausgrenzung auf die Ausgegrenzten, aber auch auf die Ausgrenzenden haben, wie sie zu Vertreibung und letztlich noch Schlimmerem führen. Die Tradition dieser Strategien, die Bettauer wie in einer Kolportage zusammenbringt, bezeugt aufs Neue, dass der Antisemitismus keine Erfindung des 20. Jahrhunderts ist, sondern auf eine lange Diskursgeschichte zurückblickt. In diesem Artikel wird dieser Geschichte nachgegangen. Er folgt den Phrasen, die das „Gerücht vom Juden“, wie Adorno (1951: 200) es nennt, über die Jahrhunderte geschaffen haben. Er versucht zum einen den Diskurs selbst zu rekonstruieren und zum anderen zu zeigen, dass ihm eine ganz bestimmte Grammatik der Diskriminierung zugrunde liegt, bei der die Zielgruppen geradezu austauschbar sind.
Evaluation of clinical, endocrine and metabolic findings in obese children with and without hepatosteatosis
Authors: Basarir Gunce , Ozcabi Bahar , Aksu Sayman Ozden , Ozturkmen Akay Hatice , Yildiz Feyza M.
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common obesity-related comorbidity in childhood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate predictors of NAFLD by comparing clinical, endocrine and metabolic findings in obese children with and without hepatosteatosis.

Methods

Two hundred and eight obese children aged 6–18 years were included. The patients were divided into group 1 (patients with NAFLD, n=94) and group 2 (patients without NAFLD, n=114). Anthropometric measurements, pubertal stage, lipid profiles, fasting glucose and insulin, homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), uric acid, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen, thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine parameters were compared retrospectively.

Results

The mean body weight, body mass index (BMI), height, tri-ponderal mass index (TMI), insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, ALT and uric acid values were significantly higher, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) values were significantly lower in group 1. The 70.7% of obese children with hepatosteatosis and 83.9% of those without hepatosteatosis were correctly estimated by parameters including age, gender, ALT, HDL-C, fasting insulin and uric acid values.

Conclusions

Since obesity-associated hepatosteatosis induces various long-term metabolic impacts in children, early detection is of critical importance. Age, gender, TMI, BMI, ALT, HDL-C, fasting insulin and uric acid values may help to predict the risk of hepatosteatosis. Besides, we assessed whether TMI compared to BMI does not have a better utility in estimating obesity-induced hepatosteatosis in children. This is the first study to show the association between TMI and hepatosteatosis in children.
Suǒyǐ ‘so’, they are different: an integrated subjectivity account of Mandarin RESULT connectives in conversation, microblog and newspaper discourse
Authors: Xiao Hongling , Li Fang , Sanders Ted J. M. , Spooren Wilbert P. M. S.
Published: June 2021

In this study, we analyze the meaning and use of Mandarin causal connectives kějiàn ‘therefore/it can be seen that’, suǒyǐ ‘so’, yīncǐ ‘for this reason’, and yúshì ‘thereupon/as a result’ in terms of causality and subjectivity. We adopt an integrated approach to subjectivity and analyze the subjectivity profile of a causal construction in terms of three features: the propositional attitude of the consequent, the identity of the subject of consciousness (SoC), and the linguistic realization of the SoC. The investigation is based on natural discourse produced in fundamentally distinctive channels, namely, spontaneous conversation, microblogging, and formal writing. Compared to previous studies, the empirical foundation is therefore enlarged and more varied. The results show that these connectives differ systematically from each other with regard to the above three features, and that the differences remain robust across the three discourse types. The relative importance of each feature in characterizing the connectives is also determined. The propositional attitude appears to be the most important subjectivity feature, followed by the linguistic realization of the SoC and the identity of the SoC.
Autologous tumor antigens and boron nanosheet-based nanovaccines for enhanced photo-immunotherapy against immune desert tumors
Authors: Sun Zhe , Fan Taojian , Liu Quan , Huang Luodan , Hu Weibin , Shi Lulin , Wu Zongze , Yang Qinhe , Liu Liping , Zhang Han
Published: June 2021

Personalized therapeutic vaccines against immune desert tumors are an increasingly important field in current cancer immunotherapy. However, limitations in neoantigen recognition, impotent immune cells, and a lack of intratumoral infiltrated lymphocytes pose challenges for the cancer vaccines. Resected tumors contain various of patient-specific tumor autoantigens (TA), and its derived photonanovaccines have unique competency to overcome abovementioned barriers. We constructed a novel personalized photonanovaccine (B@TA-R848) with surgically sourced TA modified on two-dimensional boron nanosheets (BNSs) via polydopamine coating and loaded with immune adjuvant R848. B@TA-R848 has good properties of drug delivery and release, photoacoustic imaging, photothermal effect, and biocompatibility. In a mouse triple-negative breast cancer model, B@TA-R848-based photonanovaccine induced effective systemic antitumor immune responses, altered the local tumor microenvironment, and increased the intratumoral infiltration of immune cells. The combined photo immunotherapy could significantly inhibit tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis. This work develops a novel photonanovaccine for low immunogenicity and high metastatic potential tumors, which is of great significance for exploring the clinical development of personalized tumor vaccines against immune desert tumors.
Investigation of the silica pore size effect on the performance of polysulfone (PSf) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for gas separation
Authors: Vatankhah Gholamhossein , Aminshahidy Babak
Published: June 2021

MCM-41 and SBA-15 mesoporous silica materials with different pore sizes (3.08 nm for small pore size MCM-41 (P
1), 5.89 nm for medium pore size SBA-15 (P
2), and 7.81 nm for large pore size SBA-15 (P
3)) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and then functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrietoxysilane by postsynthesis treatments. Next, polysulfone-mesoporous silica mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared by the solution casting method. The obtained materials and MMMs were characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method to examine the crystallinity, morphology, and particle size, pore volume, specific surface area, and pore size distribution, respectively. Finally, the gas permeation rates of prepared MMMs were measured in 8 bar and 25 °C and the effect of pore size of modified and unmodified mesoporous silica on the gas separation performance of these MMMs were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity were increased with an enhancement in the particle pore size.
Georg ‚Gogo‘ Müller-Kuales (1905–1945). Ein junger Prähistoriker während des Nationalsozialismus in Hamburg
Authors: Schumann Robert
Published: June 2021

Dieser Beitrag widmet sich Georg ‚Gogo‘ Müller-Kuales (1905–1945), der kurz nach Einrichtung des Instituts für Vorgeschichte und Germanische Frühgeschichte im Jahr 1934 an der Universität Hamburg bis zu seinem Tod 1945 als wissenschaftlicher Assistent tätig war. Nachdem in den letzten Jahrzehnten zahlreiche Aspekte der Fachgeschichte der Vor- und Frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie untersucht und insbesondere die Biographien und Karrieren wichtiger Protagonisten dieser Zeit, zumeist Professoren, nachgezeichnet worden sind, scheint es lohnenswert, auch den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs dieser Phase der Fachgeschichte weiter ins Blickfeld zu rücken, um so ein gesamtheitlicheres Bild des Fachs im Nationalsozialismus zeichnen zu können. Einen Beitrag hierzu bildet die Auswertung von Archivalien und Schriften über Georg ‚Gogo‘ Müller-Kuales, die einige interessante Aspekte zur Person und seiner Arbeitsweise, aber auch zum Universitätsalltag im Nationalsozialismus und dem Zweiten Weltkrieg darlegen und somit die Fachgeschichte in dieser Zeit reflektieren.
Das Recht der Aktionäre zur Teilnahme an der Hauptversammlung
Authors: Guntermann Lisa Marleen
Published: June 2021

Das Recht der Aktionäre zur Teilnahme an der Hauptversammlung ist grundsätzlich oberste Leitlinie bei ihrer Vorbereitung und Durchführung. Anfang 2020 stellten verschiedene Vorschläge für Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen in der Präsenz-Hauptversammlung das Teilnahmerecht unter dem Eindruck der COVID-19-Pandemie allerdings kurzerhand in Frage. Noch einen Schritt weiter ging das im März 2020 in Kraft getretene COVID-19-Gesetz, das Gesellschaften bis Ende 2021 die Möglichkeit gibt, ihren Aktionären das Recht zur physischen Teilnahme an der Hauptversammlung vollständig zu entziehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund zeigt der Beitrag Inhalt und Schranken des Teilnahmerechts auf und misst daran exemplarisch verschiedene Einzelmaßnahmen, die mit der Wiederaufnahme des Hauptversammlungspräsenzbetriebs erneut relevant werden. Ferner werden die Rechte der Aktionäre in Bezug auf die virtuelle Hauptversammlung nach dem COVID-19-Gesetz dogmatisch erfasst und anhand praxisrelevanter Einzelfragen konkretisiert. Abschließend gibt der Beitrag einen Ausblick auf die künftige Bedeutung des Teilnahmerechts, auch mit Blick auf eine virtuelle Hauptversammlung 2.0.
Magnesium intermetallics: synthesis and structure of Eu2Pt2Mg and Sr2Pt2Mg
Authors: Reimann Maximilian Kai , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: June 2021

The intermetallic phases Sr2Pt2Mg and Eu2Pt2Mg were obtained by reaction of the elements in sealed tantalum tubes at high temperature. Sr2Pt2Mg crystallizes with the monoclinic Ca2Ir2Si type (C2/c,a = 1020.7(7),b = 597.7(4),c = 827.0(4) pm,β = 103.37(5)°), while Eu2Pt2Mg adopts the orthorhombic W2CoB2-type structure (Immm,a = 440.31(5),b = 582.20(6),c = 914.11(9) pm,wR = 0.0359, 277F2values, 14 variables). The magnesium atoms in both structures are coordinated by four Pt2dumb-bells with a rectangular planar coordination in Eu2Pt2Mg (268 pm Pt–Mg) and a distorted tetrahedral one in Sr2Pt2Mg (273–275 pm Pt–Mg). The Pt–Pt distances are 277 pm in the europium and 269 pm in the strontium compound. The polyanionic [Pt2Mg] units are planar in Eu2Pt2Mg and separated by the europium atoms. The Sr2Pt2Mg structure shows the motif of hexagonal rod packing for the [Pt2Mg] rows that are embedded in a strontium matrix. Chemical bonding and the influence of the valence electron count on the formation of the structure types are discussed.
Vzorkaři v rámci jabloneckého bižuterního průmyslu v letech 1958–1989
Authors: Hrušková Kateřina , Nováková Kateřina Nora
Published: June 2021

The study contemplates the topic of fashion jewellery design in the period of forty years of existence of the nationalized Jablonec nad Nisou jewellery industry, specifically between 1948–1989. The text introduces important designers and the process of fashion jewellery design in the production companies in the field of jewellery. The authors discuss the political and economic influences on the process of creating new samples and subsequent production. They classify and document in detail the work, sources of inspiration as well as the achievements and awards of specialized jewellery designers. They were behind the creation of an inexhaustible number of new components and thousands of complete samples and final products for the serial production of jewellery made of glass, metal, plastics or wood. Despite many limitations, the creative and high-quality work of these designers at domestic and international presentations was afrequent pride of Czechoslovak industry and, especially in the field of foreign trade, brought considerable profits to Czechoslovakia.
Sklo je mým drahokamem
Authors: Nováková Kateřina Nora
Published: June 2021

Jaroslav Kodejš senior (* September 9, 1938) belongs to the pioneers of Czech designer jewellery with the use of glass. For more than 50 years, he has been ranked among the world‘s recognized artists in this field, and his works are represented in the world‘s best public and private collections. He based his work on the traditional production of glass jewellery components from wound glass over atorch. He experienced his first successes at domestic and international exhibitions in the mid-1960s. From the position of designer for the Jablonec jewellery industry, he moved only to his own free creation since the end of the 1960s. Since then he has created for example dozens pieces of jewellery, drawings and also paintings. He was successful thanks to his own diligence and creativity, unceasing life optimism and enthusiasm. In the individual stages of his jewellery work, he almost always used coiled or fused glass in combination with silver and gold. He always respected glass in its unique properties, which he supported with the morphology of jewellery, which he still deals with despite his age.
Uzvici u dječjem govoru i dječjoj književnosti
Authors: Babić Iva
Published: June 2021

"Govor je sredstvo za ostvarenje i ostvarenje samo. Riječi su već jedno djelo.“ (Škarić 1988: 23)

U radu se opisuje uporaba uzvika u ranom jezičnom razvoju i dječjoj književnosti s posebnim naglaskom na sintaktičku ulogu i značenje uzvika u iskazima i/li stihovima. U komunikaciji s djecom, u dječjoj poeziji i slikovnicama kao i u njihovu govoru, uzvici zamjenjuju i imenice i glagole i priloge, odnosno imaju različitu sintaktičku funkciju što se dokazuje primjerima. Ističe se i nadrečenična služba uzvika kao eksklamatora u dječjim iskazima i poeziji. Prikazuju se razvojne faze u usvajanju prvoga jezika odnosno razvojne faze dječje govorne proizvodnje i čestotnost uporabe uzvika u različitim rečeničnim službama u ovladavanju govorom. Raščlanjuje se i oprimjeruje uporaba uzvika u dječjoj poeziji od narodne usmene poezije do suvremenih i logopedskih slikovnica. Ističe se utjecaj motoričkoga razvoja djeteta na razvoj govora kao i utjecaj maminskoga (engl. motherese) i očinskoga govora (engl. parentese), tj. govora koji roditelji ili staratelji upućuju djeci (engl. baby-talk) i primjene igara i logopedskih slikovnica u rutinama čitanja s djecom. Na primjerima se dokazuje polifunkcionalnost uzvika u dječjem govoru i dječjoj književnosti.
El control estatal a la docencia en los primeros gobiernos peronistas
Authors: Kabat Marina
Published: June 2021

A mediados del siglo veinte en la Argentina el peronismo recurrió a la educación como medio de propaganda política. Esto requirió un fuerte control estatal sobre la docencia. En base a documentos oficiales recientemente desclasificados analizamos los mecanismos desplegados por el Estado peronista para obtener información sobre los docentes, detectar y despedir a aquellos que no comulgaban con la ideología oficial. Complementariamente, a partir de documentos sindicales examinamos la respuesta de uno de los principales gremios docentes del período.  La información relevada nos permite cuestionar estudios anteriores que afirmaban que las cesantías docentes habían seguido los canales institucionales correspondientes, que las denuncias eran formuladas en forma espontánea por sectores populares carentes de otros canales para hacer oír su voz.  Por el contrario, en el control a los docentes son actores fundamentales tanto la Policía como Servicios especiales de información y gran parte de las cesantías docentes son ejecutadas por fuera de los procedimientos institucionales del sistema educativo, en ausencia de los sumarios previstos por el mismo. El estudio de estos casos permite reflexionar sobre los alcances de la política represiva de los primeros gobiernos peronistas y sobre la articulación de los mecanismos consensuales y coercitivos en la construcción de hegemonía.
Uranium-Lead Geochronology of Two-Feldspar Granites of the Inhul Megablock (Ukrainian Shield) by Monazite
Authors: STEPANYUK L.M. , KURYLO S.I. , KOVTUN O.V. , DOVBUSH T.I. , VYSOTSKY O.B.
Published: June 2021

In the area of the Novooleksandrivka village, the valley of the Bokovenka river crosses a powerful strip of metamorphic rocks of the Inhulo-Inhulets series with numerous small granitoid bodies of the Kirovohrad complex. In the right bank of the river valley north of Novooleksandrivka there are almost continuous rock outcrops of porphyry-like, mostly coarse-grained garnet-biotite granites, which are cut by veins of aplite-pegmatoid and pegmatoid granites. Uranium-lead isotope systems of accessory monazites from porphyry-like granite, layered body of uneven-grained granite and from veined body of aplite-pegmatoid granite have been studied. The age of the first two, more coarse-grained granite varieties, is 2043.2 ± 2.6 and 2041 ± 2.3 million years, respectively. Significantly younger are the monocytes from the vein of aplite-pegmatoid granite - 2030 ± 0.3 million years. In granites in this sequence, in addition to structural and textural characteristics (in general, decrease in grain size), there is a decrease in the amount of SiO2 (from 73.14 to 70.93%) connected with a significant increase in K2O (from 3.96 to 7.58%), (their inverse correlation coefficient is 0.98), a significant decrease in the CaO content from 2.04 to 0.97%, and a slight decrease in the MgO content from 1.14% to 0.82%. These changes are probably caused by the crystallizational differentiation of the original granite melt.
Maternal and Paternal Depression Symptoms During NICU Stay and Transition Home
Authors: Garfield Craig F. , Lee Young S. , Warner-Shifflett Liam , Christie Rebecca , Jackson Kathryn L. , Miller Emily
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

To examine the trajectory and risk factors of depression symptoms among parents from NICU admission to 30 days postdischarge. We hypothesized depression symptom scores would decrease from admission and then increase from discharge to 30 days.

METHODS

Prospective longitudinal cohort study of premature infants in NICU. Parents completed the validated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 4 time points: NICU admission, discharge, and 14 days and 30 days postdischarge. EPDS score change across time and probability of a positive screen (EPDS ≥10) were by assessed using mixed effect regression models.

RESULTS

Of 431 parents enrolled (mothers, n = 230 [53%]), 33% of mothers (n = 57) and 17% of fathers (n = 21) had a positive EPDS screening. Score change was 1.9 points different between mothers and fathers (confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–2.6; P < .0001), with mothers decreasing 2.9 points (CI: 2.1–3.7; P < .0001) and fathers decreasing 1.0 points (CI: 0.1–2.0; P = .04). Over time, mothers decreased 10.96 times (CI: 2.99–38.20; P = .0003); fathers decreased at a nonsignificant rate. Admission or discharge screening improved 30-day depressive symptom prediction (AUC 0.66 baseline demographics only versus 0.84+initial [P < .0001], and versus 0.80+discharge screening [P < .001]).

CONCLUSIONS

Mothers and fathers experience different depressive symptom trajectories from NICU to home. Screening parents for postpartum depression during the NICU stay is likely to result in improved identification of parents at risk for postpartum depression after discharge. Focused attention on fathers appears warranted.
Recomendaciones sobre el tratamiento y monitoreo de personas con cáncer durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Moreno Castro Alejandra , Franco Rocha Oscar Yesid , Carrillo Gloria Mabel
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: presentar la evidencia disponible sobre el tratamiento y monitoreo de personas con cáncer durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
Síntesis de contenido: revisión exploratoria de alcance en las bases de datos Academic Search Complete, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed y Science Direct, en idiomas inglés y español, a través de ecuaciones de búsqueda preestablecidas. Los hallazgos se organizaron en siete categorías: relación entre COVID-19 y cáncer; población oncológica en mayor riesgo; cuidado de pacientes oncológicos con COVID-19; continuidad del tratamiento antineoplásico; investigación en cáncer; profesionales de la salud; e impacto de la pandemia en el manejo del cáncer. Se resalta que el contagio del virus SARS-CoV-2 podría aumentar el riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad en este tipo de pacientes, por lo que ha de priorizarse el tratamiento de COVID-19 frente al tratamiento antineoplásico.
Conclusiones: resulta necesario buscar alternativas para darle continuidad al tratamiento de cáncer del resto de la población oncológica. De otra parte, debe propenderse por el bienestar físico y mental del talento humano en salud y por la mitigación del impacto económico y sanitario de la pandemia.
Implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica para la niñez y la adolescencia durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Quezada Ugalde Ana María
Published: June 2021

Introducción: la enfermería pediátrica se enfoca en el cuidado de la niñez y de la adolescencia, posicionándose como un recurso que comprende de manera empática a estas poblaciones y facilita la conjunta satisfacción de las necesidades de salud en sus diferentes contextos de atención (individual, familiar, comunitario o social).Objetivo: analizar algunas de las implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19.Síntesis de contenido: se exponen algunas implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica, como, por ejemplo, el mejoramiento de los estilos de vida a través del uso de herramientas “online” apropiadas para cada grupo etario. Por ello, el desarrollo de una investigación debe orientar la elaboración de recursos de información sobre una enfermedad determinada y cómo prevenirla, con lo cual se busca promover un rol  educativo y de asesoría más activo que permita satisfacer las necesidades imperantes en la población pediátrica.Conclusiones: las implicaciones del cuidado de la enfermería pediátrica para la niñez y la adolescencia deben basarse en evidencia científica acorde a los intereses de esta población y el trabajo interdisciplinario de los profesionales en el área.
A Enfermagem ante a covid-19: reflexões para a intervenção práxica
Authors: Souza Diego de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: a Enfermagem impacta diretamente o enfrentamento da covid-19, na assistência dos indivíduos infectados, na prevenção da transmissão e na mitigação de seus efeitos sociais no bem-estar coletivo.
Objetivo: compreender como a práxis da Enfermagem pode se efetivar no enfrentamento da covid-19, considerando as faces social e coletivado processo.
Síntese de conteúdo: o materialismo histórico-dialético contribui para pensar elementos da realidade objetiva da pandemia, o que, no âmbito da Enfermagem, perpassa o diálogo com a Teoria da Intervenção Práxica da Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva (Tipesc). As alterações ambientais e o processo de “mundialização do capital” se mostram relevantes para as origens da pandemia. Desse processo social, decorrem contradições econômicas, políticas e culturais que refletem na saúde coletiva. A Enfermagem deve intervir na realidade objetiva com propostas coletivamente construídas, efetivadas na seara das lutas sociais e das políticas públicas, com vistas a transformar as contradições.
Conclusões: a Tipesc, embora tenha limites na sua formulação original, revelou potencialidades para o entendimento da faceta social da pandemia de covid-19, sobretudo vislumbrando um enfrentamentoestratégico no bojo das lutas sociais.
Microsoft Teams and Microsoft Whiteboard – Between Reality and Opportunities
Authors: Zhelyazkova Mariya
Published: June 2021

The article presents some of the results of a survey among teachers on distance learning platforms with focus on Microsoft Teams. Advantages and disadvantages of the platform and of the additional Microsoft Teams application, Microsoft Whiteboard – one of the five most frequently used by teachers during the distance learning, have also been assessed.
Thread-based wearable devices
Authors: Xia Junfei , Khaliliazar Shirin , Hamedi Mahiar Max , Sonkusale Sameer
Published: June 2021

One-dimensional substrates such as textile fibers and threads offer an excellent opportunity to realize sensors, actuators, energy harvesters/storage, microfluidics, and advanced therapies. A new generation of wearable devices made from smart threads offer ultimate flexibility and seamless integration with the human body and the garments that adorn them. This article reviews the state of the art in thread-based wearable devices for monitoring human activity and performance, diagnoses and manages medical conditions, and provides new and improved human–machine interfaces. In the area of new and improved human–machine interfaces, it discusses novel computing platforms enabled using thread-based electronics and batteries/capacitors. For physical activity monitoring, a review of wearable devices using strain sensing threads is provided. Thread-based devices that can monitor health from biological fluids such as total analysis systems, wearable sweat sensing patches, and smart sutures/smart bandages are also included. The article concludes with an outlook on how fibers and threads are expected to impact and revolutionize the next generation of wearable devices. Knowledge gaps and emerging opportunities are presented.

Graphic Abstract
Una ordinaria rarefazione. Brevi cenni sul nesso tra tecnologia e natura umana nell’orizzonte del transumanesimo
Authors: Scarafile Giovanni
Published: June 2021

Nel saggio si tenta una ricognizione dell’impatto delle piu recenti affermazioni della tecnologia sulla vita quotidiana. Da un lato, sembra di assistere ad una diminuzione dello spirito critico di cui e cifra quel sentimento di generale plausibilita che accompagna gli sviluppi delle tecnologie; dall’altro, non si puo fare a meno di constatare come vengano di fatto imponendosi ridefinizioni, spesso ideologicamente orientate, di componenti dell’umano mediante cui il progetto transumanista sembra farsi strada.

Alla luce di tali riscontri, le trasformazioni del paradigma dell’esperienza sembrano cosi accreditare un superamento del tradizionale modello dell’homo sapiens in direzione di una completa svalutazione del ruolo della natura ed a favore di cio che e stato definito ≪persona creatus≫. Il saggio si propone una valutazione critica di tali sviluppi.
Tres tesis sobre el transhumanismo
Authors: Valera Luca
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo trataré de explicar tres tesis, que, en mi opinión, constituyen la médula teórica de la filosofía transhumanista, y que se relacionan con 1) la evolución dirigida por los medios tecnológicos; 2) la limitación de la naturaleza humana misma; y 3) la idea de perfección como ideal regulativo moral. Para poder abordar correctamente dichas tesis, además, es necesario, en mi opinión, caracterizar mejor la diferencia entre posthumanismo y transhumanismo.
Los riesgos del transhumanismo desde una perspectiva iusfilosófica
Authors: Hermida-del-Llano Cristina
Published: June 2021

En esta contribución se analizan, desde un punto de vista filosófico-jurídico, los riesgos que encierra el transhumanismo, al defender la transformación de los seres humanos a través de la aplicación directa de las tecnologías avanzadas. Aquí se analizan los puntos débiles del transhumanismo, cuestionando sus fines, principios morales o concepción del ser humano. Se argumenta en favor de la defensa del humanismo que defiende la autonomía personal y la dignidad humana. Asimismo, se resalta cómo una adecuada formación ética puede ayudar a evitar los peligros que encierra el seguimiento a ciegas tanto de la ciencia como de la técnica.
Un debate que falta. Sobre la necesidad de un adecuado concepto de libertad para fundamentar el «moral enhancement»
Authors: Widow Jose-Luis
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar que la discusión sobre el moral enhancement no ha abordado un tema central. Se trata del concepto de libertad, del cual depende que se entiende por moralidad. Según que concepto de libertad se utilice, será distinta la noción de moralidad implícita en las propuestas de moral enhancement. El problema que se sigue de la indefinición del concepto de libertad es que la moralidad que se pretende mejorar es ambigua y, por lo tanto, no es posible determinar con suficiente precisión que mejoras morales son aceptables y que mejoras no lo son. Para lograr lo anterior el trabajo se dividirá en a) una breve introducción en la que se presenta el problema; b) un examen rápido de algunas propuestas de mejora moral; c) un análisis que muestre como las susodichas propuestas ponen en juego la libertad; d) una explicación de la relevancia de la premisa sobre la libertad como base de la moralidad; e) una revisión de diversas visiones de la libertad desde las cuales se entiende diversamente la moralidad; f) la exploración del vacío que ha dejado la ausencia de la noción clásica de libre albedrio; y g) una conclusión que muestra que la ambigüedad en el concepto de libertad no permite señalar con claridad que mejora son aceptables y cuales no lo son.
Mejoras, mejoras humanas y mejoramiento moral biotecnológico
Authors: Madrid Raúl
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto aproximarse a la noción de «mejoras morales biotecnológicas ». Para ello, la primera parte del artículo se orienta a distinguir algunos conceptos necesarios en dicho proceso: mejora, mejora humana, mejora moderada o radical, tradicional o biotecnológica, terapéutica o posthumana, mejora cognitiva y mejora moral. En la segunda parte, se aborda el problema de la definición, argumentando que la dificultad de la definición pasa por los diferentes modelos antropológicos que subyacen en la configuración de la idea de «moral». A continuación, se enumeran algunas de las problemáticas que dividen a la doctrina sobre el concepto de mejoramiento moral, tales como si se trata de una mejora del sujeto moral, o de su acto, del resultado o de la mera intención. El trabajo concluye con una reflexión sobre la dificultad de considerar mejora «moral» la simple producción de un resultado conveniente o positivo, que mejore los estándares de comportamiento social de los individuos intervenidos, sin que esto suponga un cambio en la causa del acto moral.
La desigualdad del hombre «mejorado». El desafío transhumanista al orden jurídico liberal
Authors: Izquierdo Pedro-José
Published: June 2021

Los proyectos de «mejora» de la naturaleza humana propuestos por algunos defensores del transhumanismo bajo la rúbrica de «post-humanidad» podrían plantear un serio desafío al principio de igualdad, uno de los fundamentos del orden jurídico-político liberal contemporáneo. En el nivel filosófico, el desafío transhumanista es una disputa interna al liberalismo, y gira en torno al sentido del postulado de la autodeterminación individual, verdadero corazón del pensamiento jurídico-político moderno. En el nivel jurídico, proponemos plantear el desafío transhumanista a modo de experimento mental para poder ver sus posibles consecuencias en el derecho privado. La idea de la post-humanidad podría causar una crisis de las doctrinas de la autonomía de la voluntad y de la ordinaria diligencia. Estas tensiones en la dimensión jurídica ponen de relieve el efecto profundamente disruptivo del transhumanismo en el orden político reinante.
O Tabagismo e a Formação Médica
Authors: Martin Elaine Cristina , Cataldo Neto Alfredo , Chatkin José Miguel
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Há mais de um bilhão de fumantes em todo o mundo, aproximadamente um terço da população global, com mais de 15 anos. Em consequência das doenças relacionadas ao tabaco, morrem anualmente no mundo cerca de 3 milhões de pessoas, sendo 2 milhões nos países desenvolvidos, situação que deveria mudar nas próximas décadas, quando a maior proporção de mortes passará a ocorrer em países em desenvolvimento. Os profissionais de saúde em geral e os da assistência primária em particular têm importante papel no aconselhamento de fumantes para abandonarem o fumo quando estes visitam seus consultórios, bem como apoiando campanhas antitabagismo. Contudo, ainda que os médicos reconheçam a morbimortalidade relacionada ao fumo, geralmente orientam pouco seus pacientes para o tabagismo, possivelmente por não confiarem em sua própria habilidade e de conhecimento sobre técnicas que tenham este objetivo. Esta revisão pretende avaliar o espaço destinado ao ensino/aprendizagem nos currículos das escolas de Medicina sobre as doenças relacionadas ao tabaco e os métodos para o abandono do fumo. Com base na literatura pertinente, pretende discutir a incipiente inclusão no ensino no ensino médico de itens específicos sobre tabagismo como doença e as formas e técnicas de tratamento da dependência nicotínica.
Relações dialógicas e discurso bivocal na atividade de trabalho do revisor em teses acadêmicas: tensões e(m) sentidos
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Fonseca
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Este trabalho ancora-se no estudo dos conceitos de relações dialógicas e de discurso bivocal para analisar interações discursivas estabelecidas entre uma revisora e uma doutoranda durante diferentes etapas de realização da atividade de revisão textual em uma tese acadêmica. O material da pesquisa é constituído por discursos advindos: i) de e-mails entre a revisora e a doutoranda, nos quais elas discutem o conceito da atividade de trabalho contratada; e ii) por um excerto do texto em processo de revisão, junto à inserção de comentários de ambas na escrita. Os discursos investigados possibilitam-nos contemplar as tensas relações dialógicas envoltas no fazer de um revisor de textos, trazer pistas dos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da tessitura textual, assim como nos permitem discutir o discurso bivocal constitutivo do trabalho com revisão textual, a partir das palavras da revisora ressoadas no texto da doutoranda, que compõem o texto acadêmico revisado em sua versão final.
No(s) (des/re)encontro(s) das vozes, a construção dialógica da polêmica em enunciados de temática político-religiosa
Authors: Francelino Pedro Farias
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Nas obras de Bakhtin sobre o romance polifônico de Dostoiévski, há um conjunto de noções muito relevantes para a análise do funcionamento da palavra bivocal, concebida como um enunciado direcionado tanto para o seu objeto referencial como para o discurso de outrem acerca desse objeto, com todas as refrações das vozes que já o valoraram nas interações discursivas de que esse objeto já foi tema. Neste artigo, analiso as relações dialógicas que constroem o posicionamento axiológico do falante por meio da polêmica (aberta/velada) em postagens de Facebook com conteúdo temático constituído mediante o diálogo entre as esferas discursivas política e religiosa. Demonstro, com base nos estudos bakhtinianos, como o (des/re)encontro das vozes em um determinado enunciado demanda do sujeito contemporâneo um olhar atento aos movimentos sinuosos das formas de emergência, circulação e gerenciamento das vozes que constituem/constituíram certos discursos históricos na sociedade brasileira, com todos os procedimentos enunciativos de reelaboração e reacentuação envolvidos nesse processo.
The dematerialization of school in the yet to come education:an analysis of contemporary discourses
Authors: Farias Bruno da Mata , Cazetta Valéria , Lima Ana Laura Godinho
Published: June 2021

Our aim in this text is to analyze the effects of the reports on the dematerialization of school by Edgard Faure (1973) and by Jacques Delors (1998). This phenomenon has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The agenda of both reports is centered around the encounter of education and Information and Communication Technologies, in close connection with audiovisual and internet resources. Our work hypothesis is that both the discourses around the learning society, one celebrating the use of new teaching techniques, and the other centered on the “demmuring” of childhood, converge as they operate the dematerialization of school, while the pandemic has created a context in which deterritorialization has become temporarily unavoidable. We highlight in our conclusion that, in the current urban context, informed by an idea of education in the sense that all artifacts are educational, learning has become the platform of the already “demmured” and dematerialized spaces-ambiances.
Effects of Different Rootstocks on Storage Life and Quality of Loquat Fruit (cv. Gold Nugget)
Authors: TEPE Seyla , KOYUNCU Mehmet Ali
Published: June 2021

In this study, the effects of rootstocks on storage life and quality in Gold Nugget loquat grafted on quince, hawthorn and loquat rootstocks were investigated. After harvest, fruit were placed in plastic boxes (2 kg) covered with stretch film and stored for 45 days at 5 ± 0.5°C and 90 ± 5% RH. Weight loss, fruit firmness, total soluble solid, titratable acidity, maturity rate, respiration rate, ethylene production, CO2 and O2 concentrations in package, skin colour (L*,a*,b*,C*,h°), decay rate and sensory quality of fruit were determined at 15-day intervals during storage. The same analyzes were repeated for shelf life evaluation after keeping fruit 2 days in ambient condition (20°C and 70±5 RH%). Fruit grown on quince rootstock had the best results for maintaining external appearance, titratable acidity, maturation rate and vivid skin colour. The lowest decay rate and respiration rate during storage were also obtained from this combination. Quince and Loquat seedling rootstocks had similar results for sensory quality and decay rate. Covering boxes by stretch film (20 µm) reduced the weight loss in the all the combination of scion/rootstock but, increased pathogens development. These findings revealed that fruit, obtained from the combinations of Gold Nugget variety with quince and loquat seedling rootstocks, can be stored with good quality for 30+2 days at 5 °C and 90 ± 5 RH%.
The Effect of Antioxidants on Micropropagation of Avocado by Nodal Segments
Authors: GÜLER Gizem , GÜBBÜK Hamide , ARSLAN Mahmut Alper
Published: June 2021

Tissue culturing, which is an alternative method to clonal reproduction of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) has started to become widespread in recent years. However, the browning of tissue resulting from the oxidation of phenolic compounds is one of the most important factors limiting success in the in vitro reproduction of avocados. Therefore, in this study, the effects of different antioxidants (activated charcoal (AC), ascorbic acid (ASA), citric acid (CA) alone or in combination with each other on browning and regeneration of avocado shoots, grown under in vitro conditions, were investigated. In the study, MS (Murashige and Skoog) nutrient medium with 1 mg L-1 BAP, 0.1 mg L-1 GA3 and 3% sucrose was used in all treatments. Moreover, antioxidants alone or combined with each other with different concentrations were used in the nutrient media in all treatments except the control. As a result of the research, the lowest browning intensity and the highest survival rate values were shown in the application of 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid (ASA) alone and in the combination of 60 mg L-1 ascorbic acid (ASA) and 40 mg L-1 citric acid (CA). Furthermore, maximum shoot length (2.8 cm) and maximum leaf number (6.4) in terms of survival rate of the explants, shoot length and number of leaves were determined in MS nutrient medium containing a combination of 60 mg L-1 ascorbic acid (ASA) and 40 mg L-1 citric acid (CA).
Astroloji ve İnsan İradesi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÖZKETEN Şerife
Published: June 2021

İnsan, yaratılışında var olan araştırma ihtiyacıyla birlikte birtakım inançlara da ilgi duymuştur. Astrolojinin mahiyeti ve insan yaşamına etkisi de bu inançlardan biridir. Günümüz toplumunda yaygın olan meseleyi İslam’ın nasıl değerlendirdiği merak konusu olmuştur. Bu araştırma, astrolojinin Kur’an ayetleri bağlamında ele alınması ve inanç açısından değerlendirilmesi ile ilgilidir. Araştırmada Kur’an’daki astroloji kavramının taşıdığı değer ile bireylerin zihinlerinde ve inançlarında oluşturduğu anlamın uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Yıldızların, insan iradesini etkilemesinin tutarlı olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Astroloji ile ilgili tanımlamaların, inanç açısından uygun olup olmadığı, astrolojik inanışların Kur’ânî dayanağı üzerinde durulmuştur. İnsanın doğduğu günü dikkate alarak, o günkü göğün durumu, yıldızların insan iradesi üzerindeki etkilerinden hareketle, onun kaderi hakkında yorum yapma işi yalnızca tahminden ibarettir. İnsanları doğdukları zaman dilimine göre sınıflandırmak, gelecekleri ile ilgili bilgiler verme çabasına girmek çoğu zaman tutarlı sonuçlar ortaya çıkarmayabilir. Bu tür uğraşlar fal niyeti taşıdığı için İslam dinine göre uygun görülmemiştir. İslam dini batıl inançlara karşı sınırları belirleyen bir tutum sergilemektedir.