bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrumentos de avaliação da autoeficácia do cuidador informal na assistência domiciliar: revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Fernanda Gatez Trevisan dos , Correia Elaine Trevezanuto , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Martins Mayara Almeida , Zulin Aline , Radovanovic Cremilde  Aparecida Trindade
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: identificar os instrumentos validados de avaliação da autoeficácia em cuidadores informais descritos na literatura. Método: revisão integrativa, que analisou artigos de pesquisas primárias indexados nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus e Cochrane Library, sem restrição de data. A busca foi realizada em outubro de 2022; a seleção duplo-cega foi desenvolvida no Rayyan®. Os dados foram submetidos à análise crítica e síntese qualitativa e apresentados de forma descritiva. Resultados: em 41 artigos, foram encontrados 29 instrumentos de avaliação da autoeficácia. Estes podem ser utilizados em diferentes contextos; como pacientes com adoecimento por doenças crônicas, câncer, demência, entre outros. Conclusão: o estudo possibilitou a identificação de 29 instrumentos validados de avaliação da autoeficácia para serem aplicados com cuidadores informais em diferentes contextos de cuidado.
Key issues in the management of cervical cancer: consensus recommendations by a Brazilian expert panel
Authors: Paulino Eduardo , Baiocchi Glauco , Silva-Filho Agnaldo Lopes , Calabrien Aknar , Lopes Andre , Guimarães Andrea Paiva Gadelha , Melo Andreia Cristina , Nogueira-Rodrigues Angelica , Azevedo Carla Rameri , Andrade Carlos Eduardo da Cunha Mattos , Assad Daniele Xavier , Alves Denise Ferreira Silva , Andrade Diocesio Alves Pinto , Alves Éder Babygton , Cintra Georgia Fontes , Guitmann Gustavo , Gabrielli Flavia Carolina Grosso , Vieira Marcelo Andrade , Scaranti Mariana , Chen Michael Jenwei , Zanvettor Paulo Henrique , Reisner Rachele Grazziotin , Affonso-Junior Renato Jose , Moretti-Marques Renato , Souza Ronaldo Pereira , Costa Samantha Cabral Severino , Batista Thales Paulo , Maluf Fernando Cotait
Published: February 2023

Objective: We report the results of a panel of Brazilian experts and provide recommendations for the management of these patients.

Material and Methods: The panel convened composed by 28 local opinion leaders, addressed 59 multiple-choice questions taking into account the published scientific literature and their own clinical experience. The level of agreement among panel members was qualified as (1) consensus, when at least 75% of the voting panel members; (2) majority vote (50%-74.9%); or (3) less than majority vote.

Results: There was at least majority vote for eight of 10 questions on staging and follow-up; for 14 of 23 questions on the treatment of early-stage disease; for 12 of 14 questions related to the treatment of locally-advanced disease; and for seven of the 12 questions related to the treatment of recurrent/metastatic disease. Conclusion: The current recommendations may help practitioners from Brazil and other countries to improve the care they provide to patients.
10 Casos de éxito en ecoinnovación de empresas murcianas
Authors: Barba Aragón María Isabel , García Pérez Matilde , Martínez Costa Micaela , Olaz Capitán Ángel , Ortiz García Pilar , Paños Álvarez Antonio , Piñera Salmerón José
Published: February 2023

Este libro continúa la labor que se inició, en la primera edición de la Cátedra de Innovación para la Especialización inteligente, con el estudio de Casos de éxito en innovación de empresas murcianas, en el que se analizaron los aspectos referidos a la innovación tradicional. En esta ocasión, nos centramos en la ecoinnovación. La intención, en todo caso, es contribuir al conocimiento de los factores de éxito para la ecoinnovación, aunando los aspectos académicos aportados desde la Universidad a los conocimientos prácticos que aportan las empresas. Para ello, se analizan 10 empresas de la Región de Murcia de diferentes sectores. Las empresas participantes: Cementos Cruz, Estrella de Levante, Frumecar, Symborg, Sancal, Eviosys, Pelemix, Anfra Packaging, Walki Plasbel e Industrias David, nos muestran en estas páginas las claves del éxito en sus proyectos de innovación ecológica. Esperamos que las conclusiones de este libro resulten de utilidad para otras empresas y para las Administraciones públicas en el diseño de proyectos y políticas de innovación.
DIGITAL TWIN MODELING OF REFRIGERATED WAREHOUSES
Authors: ZARAGOZA FERNANDEZ SONIA , GOMEZ VAZQUEZ SAMUEL , BARREIRO MONTES JULIO , CAEIRO OLIVEIRA SANDRO
Published: February 2023

Energy optimization in cold food storage processes is a complex issue, as many variables have to be taken into consideration, according to the nature of the food to be stored. In addition, energy optimization requires exhaustive supervision, especially of the cooling temperatures of the different types of food, as refrigeration is essential for maintaining optimum storage, minimizing product losses.
The goal of this study is to present the use of digitization of a process to carry out energy control in real time so that, with a reasonable investment, the quality of the product is maintained and the economic profitability of the facilities is improved.
To this aim, we use Industry 4.0 techniques, together with programmable mathematical algorithms in cloud platforms, to build a Digital Twin of a refrigerated food warehouse that will allow automatic supervision of food storage conditions and consumption, as well as to optimize cold generation and the profitability of the process throughout the facility.

Keywords: Digital Twin, Smart and sustainable Warehouse, IoT
Læringsdesign i Videregående Uddannelse – Manual eller Inspirationskatalog?
Authors: Larsen Verner , Frederiksen Lisbeth Lunde , Iskov Thomas , Henriksen Jette
Published: February 2023

Læringsdesigns, forstået som en formgivning af undervisning i en for andre tilgængelig form, har vundet indpas de senere år især på institutioner for videregående uddannelser. Artiklen sætter fokus på en relativ underbelyst side af læringsdesigns, som vedrører opretholdelsen af et didaktisk råderum for de undervisere der skal anvende læringsdesign, men ikke selv har medvirket i udviklingen af dem. Heri ligger en grundlæggende modstilling, som rejser en række spørgsmål. På basis af studier fra et afsluttet forskningsprojekt undersøges didaktiske råderum i udviklingen og anvendelsen af læringsdesigns. Ved hjælp af videndelingsteori kombineret med didaktisk teori fremstiller artiklen fire modsætningsfyldte tematikker i spændingsfeltet mellem formgivning, deling og genanvendelse af læringsdesigns. Hver af disse tematikker udfoldes og begrundes i artiklen, og på basis heraf udvikles nye begreber, der kan tjene til belysning af egenskaberne ved læringsdesigns med henblik på at fastholde og styrke didaktiske råderum for undervisere.
Ruslands krig i Ukraine – en verdensorden i transformation?
Authors: Flockhart Trine
Published: February 2023

Artiklen skitserer processer for ordenstransformation i lyset af Ruslands krig i Ukraine. Den argumenterer for, at transformation finder sted på tre niveauer af orden, konceptualiseret som det globale ordensniveau, det internationale ordensniveau og det nationale ordensniveau. Artiklen viser, at transformation i øjeblikket finder sted på alle tre niveauer: i det idémæssige grundlag for den globale regelbaserede orden; i antallet af ordensenheder på det internationale ordensniveau, hvor den russiskledede eurasiske orden og den kinesiskledede bælte-og-vej-orden i øjeblikket tager form; og på det nationale ordensniveau gennem fremkomsten af højrepopulisme. Artiklen demonstrerer vigtigheden af at være opmærksom på alle tre niveauer, og at Putins ambition om en levedygtig eurasisk orden sandsynligvis ikke vil blive opfyldt, men at dette ikke nødvendigvis giver anledning til optimisme om den kommende verdensorden.
Omstillingen af det russiske militær til nedslidningskrig
Authors: Gjerstad Michael
Published: February 2023

Denne artikel vil give et overblik over Ruslands militære kapabiliteter set i lyset af krigen i Ukraine, og hvilke tilpasninger det russiske militær har foretaget i forbindelse med mobiliseringen den 21. september 2022. Dette bliver undersøgt ved at fremhæve de militærteoretiske antagelser vedrørende operationers gennemførelse før invasionen og undersøge, hvordan omstillingen til nedslidningskrig bryder med disse tidligere militærteoretiske antagelser, som det russiske militær var indrettet efter. Hovedspørgsmålet, som denne artikel vil undersøge, er, hvilken betydning omstillingen af det russiske militær har i forhold til fremtidens russiske militærmagt og dets ambitioner om en russisk ledet international orden.
Ukraine og enden på den private sektors uskyld
Authors: Petersen Karen Lund
Published: February 2023

Flere amerikanske tænketanke og aviser har beskrevet den nuværende sikkerhedspolitiske situation i Ukraine som en markering af en ny verdensorden – en post-post kold krig – hvor Rusland og Kina for alvor er trådt ind på scenen som stormagter, og hvor EU’s interne magtrelationer konsolideres og styrkes. Beskrivelsen af denne nye virkelighed af stormagtsrivalisering er dog kun en del af det billede, som tegner sig. For sagen er den, at vores idéer om, hvordan trusler skal bekæmpes, og hvem der har ansvaret for denne bekæmpelse, er fundamentalt forandret. Dagens geopolitik kæmpes nemlig ikke kun af stater, indenfor rammerne af diplomatiet og de militære institutioner, men også af private virksomheder. Denne artikel undersøger, hvad der kendetegner de danske virksomheders rolle i dansk og international sikkerhedspolitik og kommer med bud på, hvad denne udvikling betyder for vores forståelse af den kommende sikkerhedspolitiske æra.
Does the Caribbean hold lessons for SE Asia? Part 1: The geology of Trinidad
Authors:   Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands, Doust Harry
Published: February 2023

Together with a second note (Warta Geologi, April 2023) I summarise the geological development of the island of Trinidad and the adjacent margins of the Caribbean Sea in order to compare them with parts of Southeast Asia. I believe the two provinces provide valuable analogues for each other and I illustrate this by considering examples of tectonic style taken from transpressional fold belts in Trinidad and eastern Java, from the evolution of foreland- and wrench basin stratigraphy and from striking similarities between the stratigraphy and structure of Borneo and Trinidad Tertiary continent margin deltas.
Characterizing a weathering profile over quartz-mica schists in undulating terrain in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Kuna Raj John
Published: February 2023

The weathering profile can be differentiated into an upper, 4.8 m thick, pedological soil (zone I) and a lower, >16.2 m thick, saprock (zone II). Zone I comprises thin IA and IB soil horizons of firm, clayey sand with lateritic concretions, and a IC soil horizon of stiff, clayey silt with quartz clasts and lateritized core-stones. Zone II comprises steeply dipping to vertical, bands of pinkish to grey, stiff silt with distinct relict foliation (highly weathered schist) inter-fingering with bands of reddish yellow, firm clayey silt with indistinct foliation (completely weathered schist) towards its top, and bands of white to light grey, hard silt with distinct foliation (moderately weathered schist) towards its bottom. Lateral variations in abundance of differently weathered schist and preservation of fracture planes allow zone II to be separated into IIA, IIB and IIC sub-zones. The pedological soil (zone I) can be correlated with Class VI of standard rock mass weathering classifications, whilst the saprock sub-zones IIA, IIB and IIC are correlated with Classes V, IV and III, respectively. Silt fractions in the profile consist predominantly of sericite flakes, whilst the sand fractions are mostly of quartz grains and the clay fractions of mainly illite and kaolinite. Decreasing densities, unit weights and silt contents up the profile, but increasing porosities and clay contents, indicate increasing in situ alteration of the schist bedrock. Lowering of an unconfined groundwater table as a result of down-cutting by rivers in adjacent valleys is considered responsible for development of the weathering profile.
La audificación de la información o cómo los medios incorporan el audio en sus estrategias de distribución
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: February 2023

El audio ha ido cobrando cada vez mayor protagonismo como formato para el consumo de contenidos informativos. Sin embargo, las pautas de consumo del mensaje sonoro han cambiado drásticamente marcadas por la creciente presencia del pódcast y la experimentación que lleva a producir piezas creativas que consiguen atraer a nuevos públicos, en especial a aquellos más jóvenes. Todo ello impacta en las estrategias que desarrollan los medios, que pasan por una mayor audificación de la información.
Xavier Purcallà: «Lo más importante a la hora de gestionar una crisis es haber planificado con anterioridad»
Authors: Grela Yago
Published: February 2023

Xavier Purcallà es una de las personas que más saben sobre comunicación corporativa en España. Ha sido director de Comunicación Externa de Vueling, de Octagon y, en la actualidad, del Grupo Flaix. Y en todas sus experiencias tenía claro que la comunicación es clave a la hora de construir y defender la reputación de la empresa. No en vano, una de sus especialidades es la comunicación de crisis.
Using eDNA sampling for species-specific fish detection in tropical oceanic samples: limitations and recommendations for future use
Authors: Gonzalez Colmenares Giovanna M. , Gonzalez Montes Alejandro J. , Harms-Tuohy Chelsea A. , Schizas Nikolaos V.
Published: February 2023

Background

Over the past decade, environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a resourceful tool in conservation and biomonitoring. Environmental DNA has been applied in a variety of environments, but the application to studies of marine fish, particularly at tropical latitudes, are limited. Since many commercially important Caribbean fishes are overexploited, these species are optimal candidates to explore the use of this method as a biomonitoring tool. Specifically, for many of these species, the formation of fish spawning aggregations (FSAs) marks a critical life history event where fishes will gather in large numbers for reproduction. These FSAs are ephemeral in nature, lasting only a few days, but are predictable in time and space which makes them susceptible to overfishing.

Methods

In this study, we test the feasibility of using an eDNA sampling approach (water and sediment collection) to detect the presence of known FSAs off the west coast of Puerto Rico, with cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and 12S rRNA (12S) primers designed to target specific species. A total of 290 eDNA samples were collected and, of those, 206 eDNA samples were processed. All eDNA samples varied in DNA concentration, both between replicates and collection methods. A total of 12 primer sets were developed and tested using traditional PCR and qPCR.

Results

Despite validation of primer accuracy and sample collection during known peak spawning times, the use of traditional PCR and qPCR with both molecular markers failed to produce species-specific amplification. Thus, a trial test was conducted using the CO1 primers in which target fish DNA was ‘spiked’ at various concentrations into the respective eDNA samples to determine the target species DNA concentration limit of detection. Upon successful amplification of the trial, results indicated that eDNA samples were below the detection threshold of our methods, suggesting that the number of fish present at the spawning aggregations was inadequate for single-species detection methods. In addition, elements such as the unavoidable presence of non-target DNA, oceanic environmental conditions, shedding rates of target fish, among other biotic and abiotic factors could have affected DNA persistence and degradation rates at the sites.

Conclusion

We provide recommendations for species-specific fish detection in lower latitudes, and suggestions for studies aiming to monitor or detect fish spawning aggregations using eDNA sampling.
FGF19 promotes cell autophagy and cisplatin chemoresistance by activating MAPK signaling in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhu Wei , Huang Meiyuan , Thakur Abhimanyu , Yan Yuanliang , Wu Xiaoying
Published: February 2023

Background

Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatments for ovarian cancer patients. Autophagy has been linked to chemotherapy resistance in tumor cells. Recent studies have suggested that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) may be involved in the onset and progression of malignancies. However, the relationship between FGF19 and autophagy in ovarian cancer is still unknown.

Methods

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted to analyze gene mutation profiles of 62 cases of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to validate the amplification of FGF19 in HGSOC tissues. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to analyze the difference of FGF19 in mRNA and protein expression. Meanwhile, bioinformatics techniques were used to analyze the expression profiles of FGF19 and the correlation with prognosis. Besides, immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy and Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) were used to investigate the potential mechanisms.

Results

In this study, we found that FGF19 promotes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by inducing autophagy. NGS analysis of 62 HGSOC cases identified a significantly amplified gene, FGF19. In addition, the expression level of FGF19 in ovarian cancer samples was higher than that in normal samples. FISH results showed a positive correlation between amplification and expression of FGF19. Knockdown of FGF19 inhibited the cell autophagy through decrease in the expression of LC3 and Beclin 1, and increase in the expression of SQSTM1/p62. Furthermore, we observed that p38 MAPK phosphorylation was down-regulated after FGF19 knockdown. IFN-γ, a potential p38 MAPK activator, counteracted the inhibition of cell autophagy and the anti-proliferation effect of cisplatin induced by FGF19 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells.

Conclusion

FGF19 increases autophagy and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by activating the p38 MAPK pathway. These results could point to FGF19 being a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Elective Splenectomy for Haemolytic Anaemia: A Case Series
Authors: Lakshmana R , Raja A Ajay , Navaneetha, K , Pravindhas A , Paul Neethish K
Published: February 2023

The spleen plays an important role in immune surveillance and haematopoiesis. Elective splenectomy is sometimes indicated for excessive cellular destruction (hypersplenism) or sequestration, lymphomatous or myeloid disease, or tumours. Hereditary haemolytic anaemias are disorders with a variety of causes, including red cell membrane defects, red blood cell enzyme disorders, congenital dyserythropoietic anaemias, thalassaemia syndromes, and haemoglobinopathies. Splenectomy is one of the therapeutic approaches in the management of haematological conditions. This is case series of 12 cases who underwent elective splenectomies for haemolytic anaemias in a tertiary care centre, over a period of one year. Out of the 12 patients, 10 patients were diagnosed to have Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) and 2 patients were diagnosed with sickle cell anaemia. For all patients, preoperative blood transfusion was done to bring the Haemoglobin (Hb) above 9 g/dL for elective splenectomy. Among the 10 patients with HS, 6 patients had concomitant cholelithiasis for which cholecystectomy was done in the same sitting and three patients developed postoperative complication which was managed appropriately with no mortality and minimum morbidity. However, more detailed studies on this subset of patients are needed for the establishment of guidelines and optimal outcomes.
Impact of Red Gram (Cajanus cajan L) Production Technologies Advised by the KVK Jammikunta in Karimnagar District of Telangana State, India
Authors: Rao N. Venkateshwar , Jain P. K. , Kumar N. Kishore , Reddy M. Jagan Mohan
Published: February 2023

The study conducted at KVK Jammikunta of Telangana State along with its 15 adopted villages was selected for the study. A sample of 60 Red gram growing farmers who are adopting the KVK technologies and 30 Red gram farmers who are not covered under KVK production technologies were selected from the adopted villages. Present paper highlights the impact of Red gram production technologies in terms of adoption quotient, productivity and profitability in Karimnagar district of Telangana State. High impact in terms of adoption quotient, productivity and profitability   of red gram production technologies is observed among the KVK Jammikunta adopted farmers compared to the non adopted farmers.
Heterosis and Estimation of General and Specific Combining Ability as Base for Selected Superior Recombination of the Some Crossed Cotton Genotypes
Authors: Yehia W. M. B. , Abdelbary A. M. , Mohamed A. A. , Kotb H. M. K. , Sherif M. M.
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the general and specific combining abilities and heterosis of some cotton genotypes for yield, its components and fiber traits using line x tester mating design. Nine parents (six line and three testers) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2020 season. Nine parents along with their eighteen F1 crosses were studied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2021 at Sakha. Agricultural. Research. Station. Kafr El-Sheikh, Governorate, Egypt. Based on line x tester analysis, the variance due to genotypes, parents, crosses and parent vs. cross exhibited significant differences (P. 0.01) for most yield, yield components and fiber traits. The variance due to GCA of lines x testers and SCA of line x tester interactions were highly significant for most studied traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling these traits. The estimates of GCA and SCA effects revealed that the parent and some crosses were having desirable and significantly GCA and SCA effects, respectively. High mean performances and significantly GCA effects values were observed of line Giza 92, Giza 75 and tester Giza 97 for most studied traits, hence, these parents can be used as for generation superior cotton hybrids. The best values of mean performances, SCA effects and heterosis were found in the combinations Giza 94 x Giza 92, Giza 97 x Suvin for most yield and yield components and the cross Giza 97 x (Giza 75 x Sea) for yield and fiber traits. These crosses are considered as the promising crosses to be used in breeding programs for produce hybrid cotton and improvement for these traits in Egypt.
Genetic Diversity and Phytochemical Studies on Selected Ecotypes of Utasi (Gongronema latifolium) Plant Using Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Anita Y. Nelson, , M. Ubi Godwin , Covenant Egbaji
Published: February 2023

Diversity and phytochemical studies were carried out on twelve ecotypes of utasi, Gongronema latifolium using simple sequence repeats markers. Screening of ten (10) trinucleotide SSR primers, produced  4 primers that were able to amplify the DNA from all the plant ecotype. A total of 34 bands were amplified from the 4 SSR primers which include SSR 2, SSR 3, SSR 1 and SSR 4. Out of the amplified products using the 4 primers, 17 were found to be polymorphic with an average of 9 bands per primer. The number of amplification products per primer ranged between 10 in SSR 4 to 12 in SSR 2 with SSR 1 having the least number of bands (1). The sequences of the 4 random primers used in this study along with the number of bands generated and the number of polymorphic bands. The results of genetic analysis of the Gongronema latifolium ecotypes delineated the 12 ecotypes into five cluster groups. Results of phytochemical analysis of leaves of Gongronema latifolium showed (Table 2) mean saponin (2.09 ±0.01%), mean tannin (1.17 ± 0.01%), mean flavonoid (2.53 ±0.01%), mean polyphenol (4.60 ± 0.01%) and mean reducing compound (7.92 ± 0.01%).The phytochemical indices of the least 1.17+ 0.01% and highest 7.92+ 0.01% were constituted by tannins and reducing compounds, respectively. Thus, the study suggested the need for future exploitation of Gongronema latifolium leaves for phytochemical contents due to their high medicinal value.
Impact of Front-Line Demonstration on Direct Seeded Rice Technology under Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Chourasiya Ajay , Uttam Kumar Tripathi , Chauriha Satyam , Kumar Sharma Ashok
Published: February 2023

Krishi Vigyan Kendra Satna laid out Front Line Demonstration in the year Kharif 2020 and 2021 direct seeded rice technology on farmer’s field. Direct-seeded rice (DSR) has outperformed farmer’s practices. DSR performance was higher at 43.03 q/ha and 44.14 q/ha in 2020 and 2021, respectively, than at 35.83 and 35.92 q/ha in farmer’s practices. The average rise in performance was 21.49%. In spite of increase in yield of rice, technology gap and extension gap existed. The DSR technology gave higher gross monetary return (80380 & 85632 Rs./ha), net monetary return (44659 & 50086 Rs./ha) with higher benefit cost ratio (2.25 & 2.41) as compared to farmer's practices. The variation in per cent had increase the yield due to the use of long duration local rice varieties by following the practicing of broadcasting sowing method, poor crop management practices, lack of knowledge and poor socio-economic condition. With respect to sustainable farming practices, the study found that FLD programs were effective at changing attitudes, skills and knowledge about DSR adoption.
Phytochemical Investigation on Assessment of Leaf Quality of Different Mulberry Germplasm Genotypes
Authors: Bhat Muzafar Ahmad , Kiran Amita , Chanotra Suraksha , Devi Shawani , Zehra Ariba , Panjalia Rakesh , Aziz Abdul , Azam Mohd.
Published: February 2023

The growth and development of the silkworm, Bombyx mori and the cocoon crop are influenced by the yield and nutritional value of the mulberry leaf used as feed. It is true that there are disparities in leaf quality between mulberry genotypes, which explain the variations in silkworm rearing. The present study used mulberry genotypes of S1635, S164, S13, Chinese White, Chak Majra, C4, G4, C2038, V1 and K2 to estimate several biochemical components in tender mulberry leaves. Lowry's method was used to calculate the amount of protein, Anthrone method [1] was used to calculate the amount of total carbohydrates, Ninhydrin method was used for estimation of total proline, the amount of chlorophyll was calculated by Arnon method and direct method was used for estimation of moisture content in tender leaves of different mulberry varieties. V1 tender leaves (26.30 mg/g) had considerably lower total protein contents compared to S13 (49.05 mg/g) and Chinese white (48.55 mg/g) tender leaves. Tender leaves from S13 (10.40 mg/g) and V1 (7.55 mg/g) had greater total carbohydrate levels than tender leaves from S1635 (2.55 mg/g). The levels of total chlorophyll in tender leaves from S13 (2.59 mg/g) and S1635 (2.56 mg/g) were higher than those in tender leaves from C2038 (1.74 mg/g). Tender leaves from S164 (3.90 mg/g) and S13 (3.26 mg/g) had greater amounts of total proline than tender leaves from C2038 (2.00 mg/g). Total proline levels were greater in Chinese white (80.15%) and C4 (78.60%) tender leaves than in S164 tender leaves (61.51%).
Effect of Clove (Feed and Water Grade) on Layers Performance and Egg Quality
Authors: Akinwumi A. O. , Odunsi A. A. , Ademola S. G. , Akanni Z. A. , Sulaimon R. O. , Ogunleye-Johnson A. , Ayoola S. J. , Arasi K. K.
Published: February 2023

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of clove (feed and water grade) on laying performance, egg quality and chemical composition. Two hundred and ten (210) point of lay (18 weeks old) of Isa brown commercial layer birds were randomly allotted after weigh balance into seven treatments of five replicates. Seven Dietary treatments (Diet 1,2,3,4,5,6,7) were established for control, 0.5, 1.0g/kg in feed, 0.5, 1.0g/liter of water, 0.25g/kg and 0.25g/litre, 0.5g/kg and 0.5g/litre of clove powder in feed and water respectively. Egg samples were stored at 4th, 6th and 8th week of the experiments and analyzed at the end of the experiment to have 4, 2 and 0 week(s) of storage. Proximate composition and lipid profile of eggs was chemically and statistically analyzed in a completely randomized design of a factorial arrangement. The results showed that the inclusion of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) increased performance of the layer birds in term of egg production at 0.5g (clove in their water) and 0.5g+0.5g (clove powder in their feed and water) respectively. The result also indicated that internal egg qualities were best at the combination of feed and water (0.5g+0.5g). The interaction effect of storage time and mode of administration of clove on the proximate composition of eggs laid by the birds was best at 0week and 4weeks storage duration. The storage time on lipid profile of eggs laid by birds fed with clove was observed to be best at 4 weeks due to the reduction of cholesterol. In conclusion, the addition of clove in feed and water at 0.5g+0.5g can be best recommended due to the increase in laying performance, egg quality. Also, the proximate composition and lipid profile of eggs stored was best at this level of inclusion.
Reinterpreting Bedouin Shaabook Weaving Techniques and Materials through the Co-Creation of Omani Contemporary Jewellery
Authors: Al-Ismaili Amal Salim Khalfan
Published: February 2023

The goal of this practice-based research is to create new interpretations of traditional Omani Bedouin crafts to inform the creation of contemporary jewellery. According to observations made during fieldwork with settled Bedouin craftspeople, traditional Bedouin methods for tanning leather (using plant materials such as Galqa and Qarat) and the production of leather thread for weaving are described, as is the use of weaving techniques in the production of Shaabook (headpieces), Hebla (leather belts), and traditional homemade decorative trims (Talli, Siim, and Suffah). A collaborative/co-creation workshop with a group of settled Omani Bedouin in North Eastern Oman served as the basis for this research. Participants in the workshop had a variety of traditional weaving techniques under their belts. Working in teams, the participants wove modular elements that were then combined to form a neckpiece. Using reflective analysis, the issue of hybridity is investigated in order to establish a link between the past and the present in the creation of contemporary Omani jewellery pieces.
Anti‐PF4–heparin immunoglobulin G is the major class of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia antibody: findings of an enzyme‐linked immunofiltration assay using membrane‐bound hPF4–heparin
Authors: Vun Chee M. , Evans Sue , Chesterman Colin N.
Published: July 2002

An enzyme‐linked immunofiltration assay (ELIFA) was developed for detecting anti‐human platelet factor 4 (hPF4)–heparin antibody in sera of patients with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). The immunofiltration assay was developed to capture HIT antibody by hPF4–heparin complex adsorbed onto a positively charged nylon membrane, as an alternative to plastic bound hPF4. Of 75 sera with a positive serotonin‐release assay (SRA), anti‐PF4–heparin of the immunoglobulin (Ig)G class was detected in 72 (96%) sera. With SRA‐negative sera from thrombocytopenic patients treated with heparin, anti‐hPF4–heparin IgG and IgA were detected in 16% (n = 126) and 14% (n = 74) of sera respectively; 6% (n = 71) of SRA‐negative sera contained both IgG and IgA anti‐hPF4–heparin antibodies. The detection of anti‐hPF4–heparin IgG in all HIT sera supports the assay of anti‐PF4–heparin IgG as being a sensitive screening test for HIT. Alternatively, the absence of anti‐hPF4–heparin IgA cannot be used as a test for excluding HIT, as it was detected in only 48% of SRA‐positive HIT sera. However, it may be used to support the diagnosis of HIT, when HIT IgG is weak. This study emphasized the need to use different immobilizing media for the capture of anti‐PF4–heparin antibody.
Diverse mechanisms for CO2 effects on grassland litter decomposition
Authors: Dukes Jeffrey S. , Field Christopher B.
Published: July 2002

The ongoing increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) can potentially alter litter decomposition rates by changing: (i) the litter quality of individual species, (ii) allocation patterns of individual species, (iii) the species composition of ecosystems (which could alter ecosystem‐level litter quality and allocation), (iv) patterns of soil moisture, and (v) the composition and size of microbial communities. To determine the relative importance of these mechanisms in a California annual grassland, we created four mixtures of litter that differed in species composition (the annual legume Lotus wrangelianus Fischer & C. Meyer comprised either 10% or 40% of the initial mass) and atmospheric [CO2] during growth (ambient or double‐ambient). These mixtures decomposed for 33 weeks at three positions (above, on, and below the soil surface) in four types of grassland microcosms (fertilized and unfertilized microcosms exposed to elevated or ambient [CO2]) and at a common field site. Initially, legume‐rich litter mixtures had higher nitrogen concentrations ([N]) than legume‐poor mixtures. In most positions and environments, the different litter mixtures decomposed at approximately the same rate. Fertilization and CO2 enrichment of microcosms had no effect on mass loss of litter within them. However, mass loss was strongly related to litter position in both microcosms and the field. Nitrogen dynamics of litter were significantly related to the initial [N] of litter on the soil surface, but not in other positions. We conclude that changes in allocation patterns and species composition are likely to be the dominant mechanisms through which ecosystem‐level decomposition rates respond to increasing atmospheric [CO2].
Habitual dietary intake versus glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in postmenopausal women
Authors: Larsson H. , Elmståhl S. , Berglund G. , Ahrén B.
Published: July 2002

Abstract. Larsson H, Elmståhl S, Berglund G, Ahrén B (Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden). Habitual dietary intake versus glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in postmenopausal women. J Intern Med;245: 581–591.

Objective.  The major aim was to study the relation between habitual dietary intake and glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in postmenopausal women. Dietary intake was also compared between women with normal (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Design.  Habitual dietary intake was studied using a modified diet history method, from which the energy, carbohydrate, fat and protein intake was calculated. Glucose tolerance was determined as the 2 h glucose value after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity was studied with a euglycemic, hyperinsulinaemic clamp, whilst insulin secretion was measured as the acute (2–5 min) response to iv arginine (5 g) at fasting, 14 and >25 mmol L–1 glucose.

Setting.  Clinical research unit at the University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden.

Subjects.  A total of 74 women (mean ± SD age 58.7 ± 0.4 years).

Results.  In the entire group, the 2 h glucose level correlated with polyunsaturated fat intake (PUFA, r = 0.41, P < 0.001), and negatively with carbohydrate intake (r = – 0.23, P = 0.05). The relation between 2 h glucose and PUFA was independent of body fat content and insulin sensitivity in a multivariate model. Insulin sensitivity correlated with energy intake (r = 0.31, P = 0.007) and PUFA (r = – 0.27. P = 0.022). However, these correlations were not significant after adjustment for body fat content in a multivariate model. There were no correlations between insulin secretory variables and habitual dietary intake. Of the 74 women, 60 had NGT and 14 had IGT. The NGT and IGT groups did not differ in intakes of total energy, carbohydrate or protein. The IGT women had higher intake of PUFA (P = 0.003), whilst the total, saturated and monounsaturated fat intake did not differ between the groups.

Conclusion.  Dietary parameters are not independently associated with insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, dietary habits are largely similar in women with NGT and IGT, although subtle differences cannot be excluded due to the small study size. Therefore, habitual intake of total carbohydrate or total fat seems not to be the major determinant of glucose tolerance in nondiabetic Caucasian postmenopausal women.
Effect of β‐mercaptoethanol and Cysteine Supplementation of Culture Medium on Development of One‐cell and Morula Stage Mouse Embryos
Authors: Aksoy M , Takahashi Y , Hishinuma M , Suzuki H , Kanagawa H
Published: July 2002

Contents

Influence of β‐mercaptoethanol (β‐ME) in the presence or absence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and cysteine (CYS) on the development of early (one‐cell) and late (morula) stage mouse embryos was evaluated in two consecutive experiments conducted according to 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. In experiment 1, one‐cell stage embryos were cultured in one of the eight factorial WM (Whitten's medium) containing 3 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 120 h to reach the blastocyst stage. No interaction was observed among EDTA (0.1 mm), β‐ME (50 µm) and CYS (50 µm). EDTA was the main agent supporting development of one‐cell stage embryos to blastocyst stage (p < 0.01). The β‐ME and CYS had no influence on the development of one‐cell embryos to the blastocyst stage. In experiment 2, one‐cell stage embryos were cultured in WM containing 3 mg/ml BSA and 0.1 mm EDTA for 72 h. Embryos that developed to the morula stage were selected and further cultured for 48 h in one of the eight experimentally altered WM with 3 mg/ml BSA containing β‐ME (50 µm) and/or CYS (50 µm) in the presence or absence of EDTA (0.1 mm). The β‐ME supplementation of the culture medium improved development of morulae to blastocyst stage (p < 0.05). No interaction was detected among the additives. These data indicate that some factors other than the proposed mechanism of action of β‐ME may be involved in its growth promoting activity on embryo development
Phytocoenosis, Volumes 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 & 9
Authors: Peterken G. G.
Published: July 2002

Cryptogamous plants in the forest communities of Bialowieza National Park. Functional groups analysis and general synthesis. Ed. by J. B. FALINSKI and W. MULENKO. 30×21 cm. Pp. 224 with 4 plates and numerous text‐figures. Phytocoenosis (N. S.) 8, Archivum Geobotanicum 6. 1996. P/b.

Cryptogamous plants in the forest communities of Bialowieza National Park. Ecological atlas of seminal and cryptogamous plants. Ed. by J. B. FALINSKI and W. MULENKO. 30×21 cm. Pp. 522 with 2000 maps. Phytocoenosis (N. S.) 9, Supplementum Cartographicae Geobotanicae 7. 1997. H/b.

Deciduous woody pioneer species (Juniperus communis, Populus tremula, Salix sp. div.) in the secondary succession and regeneration. By J. B. FALINSKI. 30×21 cm. Pp. 156 with 8 plates, 2 end‐paper charts and numerous text‐figures. Phytocoenosis (N. S.) 10, Supplementum Cartographicae Geobotanicae 8. 1998. P/b.

Synanthropization of plant cover in new Polish research. Ed. by J. B. FALINSKI, W. ADAMOWSKI and B. JACKOWIAK. 30×21 cm. Pp. 279 with 2 plates, 2 end‐paper maps and numerous text‐figures. Phytocoenosis (N. S.) 10, Supplementum Cartographicae Geobotanicae 9. 1998. P/b.
Natural regeneration patterns of the introduced larch, Larix kaempferi (Pinaceae), on the volcano Mount Koma, northern Japan
Authors: Kondo Toshihiro , Tsuyuzaki Shiro
Published: July 2002

The 1929 eruption of Mount Koma (1140 m in altitude) completely deforested the vegetation on the summit area of the volcano. An alien species of larch, Larix kaempferi (=L. leptolepis) was planted on the lower slopes of the volcano between 1953 and 1963, but since then has become abundant on the summit. To determine the regeneration patterns of the larch, we measured stem densities on aerial photographs taken in 1963, 1973 and 1994, and in the field during 1996. Larix kaempferi stems with crown diameters > 2 m were mapped on aerial photographs divided into 1083 100 m×100 m grids. Stem densities on the summit increased from 0.8/ha in 1963, to 14.1/ha in 1994. Willows and birches also established there but did not grow as large as the larch. All these species are wind dispersed, and larch densities were higher in areas closer to the plantations, suggesting that wind intensity and direction determined seed migration. Four environmental factors—slope gradient, direction, elevation, and distance from the plantations in each grid—were correlated with larch stem densities. Multiple regression showed that establishment patterns of L. kaempferi in the early stages were mainly related to distance from seed source (the plantations). Later, geographical disturbances and/or physiological stresses became more important. Density effects on tree invasion have been weak until now. We concluded that revegetation primarily depends on the chance of seed immigration, and that the larches may be an earlier successional species than any other native tree species.
Almotriptan Increases Sustained Pain‐Free Outcomes in Acute Migraine: Results From Three Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Dodick David W.
Published: July 2002

Objective.—Evaluate the effect of almotriptan on sustained pain‐free outcome in patients with acute migraine.

Methods.—Three randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials of almotriptan for the treatment of acute migraine were examined. Two trials evaluated almotriptan 6.25 mg and 12.5 mg, and the third evaluated almotriptan 12.5 mg and sumatriptan 100 mg. Patients aged 18 to 65 years were instructed to take 1 dose of study medication at the onset of a moderate‐to‐severe migraine headache. A second dose was allowed for relapse. Sustained pain‐free was defined as a decrease in pain severity from moderate or severe at baseline to no pain at 2 hours postdose and without relapse or the use of escape medication between 2 and 24 hours.

Results.—A total of 1791 adult migraine sufferers were studied. The proportion of patients achieving a sustained pain‐free state was significantly (P<.05) higher in the almotriptan 6.25‐mg (21.7% to 22.5%) and 12.5‐mg (24.6% to 27.6%) groups than in the placebo group (7.5% to 12.1%). The proportion of patients achieving a sustained pain‐free state was comparable between almotriptan 12.5 mg (24.6%) and sumatriptan 100 mg (28.5%) and significantly (P<.05) greater than with placebo (12.1%). Among patients with severe baseline pain, a sustained pain‐free state was achieved in significantly more patients (P<.05) with almotriptan 12.5 mg (17.3% to 20.9%) than with placebo (3.1% to 3.2%). Among those with moderate baseline pain, a sustained pain‐free state was achieved in significantly more patients (P<.01) with almotriptan 12.5 mg (31.3% to 32.0%) than with placebo (10.2% to 16.1%).

Conclusions.—Almotriptan 12.5 mg is significantly better than placebo and comparable to sumatriptan 100 mg for achieving a sustained pain‐free state.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Histopathological Findings in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Stefan H. , Feichtinger M. , Pauli E. , Schäfer I. , Eberhardt K. W. , Kasper B. S. , Hopp P. , Buchfelder M. , Huk J. , Paulus W.
Published: July 2002

Summary:  Purpose: In some patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, histopathological evaluation of resected brain tissue after surgical treatment may reveal several features indicative of discrete cortical malformations. We sought to determine whether these histopathological features were accompanied by hippocampal changes detectable preoperatively by proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and to evaluate their relationship with postoperative outcome.

Methods: In 25 consecutive temporal lobe epilepsy patients who were scheduled for surgical treatment, MR spectroscopy was performed, and resected brain tissue was analyzed histopathologically for the presence of discrete cortical malformations (e.g., microdysgenesis). Outcome was assessed in all patients with an average postoperative period of 26 months.

Results: In 13 patients, we found subtle, histopathologically detectable signs of cortical malformation: 6 of them with concomitant hippocampal sclerosis (dual pathology) and 7 without. The latter subgroup had a worse surgical outcome and showed enhanced bilateral and/or contralateral pathological changes in the hippocampal formation when investigated by MR spectroscopy.

Conclusions: These data suggest that by showing contralaterally or bilaterally abnormal spectra, MR spectroscopy might be able to indicate pathological changes in subtle developmental disorders that are possibly more widespread over the brain. This observation may improve noninvasive diagnosis in presurgical evaluation and the neurobiological understanding of cortical malformations in pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy.
Light Regulation of Nitrate Reductase in Higher Plants: Which Photoreceptors are Involved?
Authors: Lillo C. , Appenroth K.‐J.
Published: July 2002

Abstract: The regulation by light of nitrate reductase (NR) in higher plants is very complex. NR is firstly regulated by transcriptional control. In etiolated plants, phytochrome is the main photoreceptor involved and its low fluence response (LFR) is the common response mode. The effect of the very low fluence response (VLFR) has been reported for one of the isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana, NIA2. The existence of a far‐red light‐mediated high irradiance response (HIR) has been demonstrated in phytochrome A over‐expressing tobacco, confirming classical photophysiological experiments. For Lemna aequinoctialis, the existence of a red light‐mediated high irradiance response has been assumed. In green plants, the effect of phytochrome on the level of NR protein is very modest, and the effect of light is mediated via photosynthesis, most probably through biochemical signals. The molecular basis of this switch from the action of phytochromes in etiolated tissue to effects of photosynthesis in green tissue is not known.

The influence of light on NR is also regulated by fast post‐translational modification. This mechanism is based on the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of a serine residue in the hinge 1 region of NR and the subsequent Mg2+/polyamine‐dependent binding of the phosphorylated form to a 14‐3‐3 protein. Several kinases phosphorylate NR, and phosphatases not only act on NR but also dephosphorylate NR kinases. No influence of phytochrome is detectable. Instead, post‐translational modification depends on the effect of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis may exert its effect on this process via biochemical products of photosynthesis (glucose, sugar phosphates), via substrates (nitrate, NADH) and/or by influencing Ca2+ flux.
Role of the oxygen atomic beam in low-temperature growth of superconducting films by laser deposition
Authors: Zheng J. P. , Ying Q. Y. , Witanachchi S. , Huang Z. Q. , Shaw D. T. , Kwok H. S.
Published: July 2002

An oxygen jet placed near the target during plasma-assisted laser deposition produces a strong atomic oxygen beam with kinetic energies of 5.6 eV, simultaneous with the laser-induced atomic beams of Ba, Cu, and Y from the target. All atomic beams can be well characterized by a supersonic expansion mechanism. The behavior of the velocity distributions was studied as a function of the distance from the target and laser energy fluence. A target-substrate separation of 7 cm was found to be optimum in terms of producing the best as-deposited films. At that distance, the velocity distributions of all atomic beams become nearly the same.