bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Steroid dalam Tata Laksana Sepsis Analisis Kasus Berbasis Bukti
Authors: Widodo Ariani Dewi , Tumbelaka Alan Roland
Published: January 2017

Sepsis merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak di rumah sakit dengan mortalitas 50%-60%,meskipun dengan terapi antibiotik dan tata laksana suportif yang adekuat. Steroid merupakan pilihanterapi pada sepsis yang masih kontroversial sejak empatpuluh tahun yang lalu. Muncul pertanyaan klinis,apakah pemberian steroid memberikan respon terapi lebih baik dan meningkatkan kesintasan pada sepsisdibandingkan terapi konvensional? Ilustrasi kasus dan penelusuran kepustakaan menggunakan instrumenpencari Pubmed, Highwire, dan Cochrane Library sesuai kata kunci.Pada penelusuran didapatkan 16 artikel yang relevan 4 telaah sistematik, 9 uji klinis acak terkontrol, 1 kohort,dan 2 review. Levels of evidence ditentukan berdasarkan klasifikasi Oxford atau Methodologic QualityForm dari Cronin. Kortikosteroid dosis rendah jangka panjang sebaiknya diberikan pada semua syok septikdependen vasopresor. Kortikosteroid tidak dianjurkan pada sepsis tanpa syok. Kortikosteroid dosis tinggidapat membahayakan pada sepsis berat dan syok septik. Steroid diberikan berdasarkan keputusan klinis,bukan hasil laboratorium maupun protokol. Kortikosteroid memperbaiki keadaan syok septik persistendan lebih cepat memulihkan gangguan hemodinamik, sehingga menurunkan mortalitas
Tingkat Pengetahuan, Perilaku, dan Kepatuhan Berobat Orangtua dari Pasien Epilepsi Anak di Medan
Authors: Saing Johannes H.
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Beberapa kepustakaan menyatakan, masih kurang pengetahuan orangtua tentang penyakitepilepsi. Perilaku negatif terhadap anak pasien epilepsi disebabkan karena ketidaktahuan dan kesalahanpengertian terhadap penyakit epilepsi.Tujuan. Mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, perilaku, dan kepatuhan berobat pada orangtua dari anak pasienepilepsi.Metode. Penelitian merupakan suatu studi deskriptif terhadap 65 orangtua dan pengasuh dari anak pasienepilepsi (usia 0-18 tahun) yang datang ke poliklinik neurologi anak RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan, antarabulan Januari-Maret 2008. Digunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 39 pertanyaan yang diisi sendiri olehorangtua ataupun pengasuh.Hasil. Dari 65 orang responden, 89,2% adalah orangtua dari anak pasien epilepsi. Responden (46,2%)berusia 31-40 tahun, dan 13,8% berpendidikan setingkat universitas. Dari hasil kuesioner yang menilai tingkatpengetahuan didapat 82,5% pernah mendengar tentang epilepsi, tetapi 92,1% di antaranya menjawabmasih memerlukan informasi lebih tentang epilepsi. Pada 55,6% responden setuju bahwa epilepsi dapatmenyebabkan perubahan perilaku. Mengenai kepatuhan berobat, 79,4% responden secara teratur mendapatobat anti epilepsi.Kesimpulan. Meskipun tingkat kepatuhan berobat cukup baik, tetapi sebagian besar orangtua dan pengasuhdari anak epilepsi pernah mendengar tentang epilepsi tetapi informasi yang didapat masih terbatas. Merekamembutuhkan tambahan informasi tentang penyakit epilepsi dan pengobatannya. Perlu dilakukan programedukasi dan penyebaran informasi pada orangtua dari anak pasien epilepsi dan masyarakat di Medan dansekitarnya.
Pandangan Baru Pengobatan Glomerulonefritis
Authors: Hilmanto Dany
Published: January 2017

Glomerulonefritis merupakan penyakit yang diduga melibatkan mekanisme imunologis, dapat menimbulkanreaksi peradangan berat serta pembentukan jaringan fibrosis pada glomerulus. Pengobatan terbaruglomerulonefritis mempunyai dua tujuan yaitu menekan proses peradangan dan menghambat progresifitasfibrosis glomerulus, sehingga gagal ginjal terminal dapat dicegah. Obat yang digunakan untuk menekanproses peradangan adalah mikofenolat mofetil, rapamycin, anti-molekul adhesi, anti-sitokin inflamasi,antibodi monoklonal anti-CD20, dan anti-siklooksigenase-2. Obat yang dapat menghambat progresivitasfibrosis glomerulus adalah antagonis angiotensin II dan pirfenidone. Pengembangan obat baru untukmengatasi peradangan dan mencegah fibrosis pada glomerulonefritis, diharapkan dapat mencegah terjadinyagagal ginjal terminal pada anak
Pola Menonton Televisi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Anak
Authors: Tarigan Terapul , Ervani Nancy , Lubis Syamsidah
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa menonton televisi telah menciptakan berbagaipenyakit sosial termasuk membuat pelajar menjadi pasif yang sulit untuk berkonsentrasi dalam belajaryang akan menyebabkan menurunnya nilai ujian serta menyebabkan aktifitas yang kurang yang dapatmenyebabkan obesitas.1,3Tujuan Penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola menonton pada anak dan pengaruhnyaterhadap pendidikan serta pola makan.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif analitik yang bersifat cross-sectional. Penilaian dilakukan dengan pengisiankuesioner pada 100 ibu, yang dilakukan di TK Ahmad Yani, Binjai. Sumatera Utara pada bulan Maret2006.Hasil. Umur ibu yang ikut dalam penelitian terbanyak usia 31-40 tahun (65%). Pendidikan terbanyakdari para ibu responden adalah tamatan SMU(49%), rata-rata ibu tidak bekerja (59%). Usia anak pertamakali menonton televisi 38 (38%) terbanyak pada usia 3-5 tahun, lama menonton televisi perhari 1-2 jamsebanyak 56 (56%) dan acara yang paling disenangi oleh anak adalah kartun 77 (77%). Namun tidakmemperlihatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara lama menonton televisi, usia pertama kali anak menonton,acara yang disenangi terhadap pendidikan, dan pola makan anak.Kesimpulan. Menonton televisi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap belajar anak dan pola makan dari anaktetapi tidak bermakna secara statistik. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menilai pengaruh televisiterhadap perilaku anak pada usia berikutnya
Evaluasi Penggunaan Metode Prechtl untuk Menilai Kualitas Gerakan Spontan Bayi Muda Sehat: Pengalaman RSU Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Authors: Suryawan Ahmad , Witarini Komang Ayu , Etika Risa , Indarso Fatimah , Irwanto Irwanto , Narendra Moersintowati B. , Damanik Sylviati M.
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Penilaian kualitas gerakan spontan pada bayi dengan metode “General movements (GMs)”dari Prechtl mempunyai validitas tinggi untuk memprediksi risiko gangguan perkembangan anak. MetodeGMs masih relatif baru di Indonesia, sehingga dibutuhkan evaluasi aspek praktikalnya untuk dapatdiaplikasikan secara optimal.Tujuan. Mengetahui kondisi paling optimal untuk menilai kualitas gerakan spontan bayi muda sehatmenggunakan metode GMs dari Prechtl.Metode. Dilakukan rekaman video secara berurutan pada bayi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi lahir sehat,cukup bulan, tanpa risiko, dan mendapat persetujuan tertulis dari orangtua, lahir di RSU Dr Soetomo-Surabaya pada kurun waktu Desember 2006-Januari 2007. Teknik perekaman dilakukan sesuai standarisasiPrechtl, dengan berbagai variasi waktu dan kondisi. Analisis video rekaman dilakukan secara persepsiGestalt oleh salah satu peneliti, yang sebelumnya telah mendapat kursus dan sertifikat metode GMs.Parameter aspek praktikal untuk evaluasi digolongkan: optimal dan tidak optimal.Hasil. Tidak didapatkan penolakan dari orang tua untuk seluruh 56 bayi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.Tiga (5,4%) video yang tidak dapat dianalisis karena faktor kesalahan teknis perekaman. Kualitas GMslebih optimal untuk dianalisis apabila perekaman dilakukan pada waktu siang hari dibandingkan waktupagi (p=0,026) atau malam (p=0,045), dan dilakukan 30 menit sebelum waktu minum, dibandingkan 30menit sesudahnya (p=0,032). Tingkat kesulitan analisis tidak berbeda bermakna apabila perekamandilakukan di tempat yang khusus dibandingkan dilakukan di boks (p=0,156) atau inkubator (p=0,466).Kesimpulan. Metode Prechtl dapat diterapkan dengan praktis dan optimal apabila pengambilan videodilakukan pada waktu siang hari dan 30 menit sebelum waktu minum. Tempat pengambilan rekamantidak mempengaruhi segi kepraktisannya
THERMAL-HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS OF IRT-4M IN REACTIVITY INSERTION ACCIDENT AT VR-1 REACTOR
Authors: Fejt Filip
Published: January 2017

The paper deals with thermal-hydraulic analysis during reactivity insertion accident, i.e. a step increase of nuclear system reactivity by 0.7 eff, at VR-1 Reactor. The reactor utilizes IRT-4M type of fuel assemblies, and even though these fuel assemblies are designed for an operation at the high-power research reactors, they might be also used for zero-power reactors. The thermal-hydraulic analyses must take into account several specific assumptions that are derived from VR-1 reactor specifications. The reactor does not require a forced water flow for a fuel cooling, the core is placed in an open vessel with atmospheric pressure, and amount of coolant water in the vessel is sufficient for providing the inlet water at room temperature for the whole event. Coolant circulation is expected to be formed only by natural convection.
CFD SIMULATION OF UPWARD SUBCOOLED BOILING FLOW OF FREON R12
Authors: Romsy Tomas , Zacha Pavel
Published: January 2017

Subcooled flow boiling under forced convection occurs in many industrial applications of purpose to maximize heat removal from the heat source by the very large heat transfer coefficient. This work deals with CFD simulations of the subcooled flow boiling of refrigerant R12 solved by code ANSYS FLUENT r16. The main objective of this paper is verification of used numerical settings on relevant experiments performed on DEBORA test facility. Also comparisons with previously provided simulation on NRI Rez are presented. Data outputs from this work are basis to subsequent calculations of steam-water mixture cooling of Pb-Li eutectic.
Primary hyperparathyroidism: the clinical picture, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment
Authors: Dedov Ivan I. , Melnichenko Galina A. , Mokrysheva Natalia G. , Rozhinskaya Liudmila Y. , Kusnezov Nikolay S. , Pigarova Ekaterina A. , Eremkina Anna K. , Egshatyan Lilit V. , Mamedova Elizaveta O. , Krupinova Julia A.
Published: January 2017

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHT) is the third most common endocrine disorder in men and women after diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease and one of the most frequent causes of osteoporosis and fractures among the secondary osteopathy. PHT refers to socially significant problems in connection with involvement in the pathological process of the majority of organs and system In recent years, the conception of epidemiology, clinic and tactics of management of patients with PHT has changed due to significant increase of morbidity at the expense of identification of mild forms of disease. The modern management concept tactics depends on clinical manifestations. Bearing in mind the importance of the problem under consideration, the working group was set up for the development of federal recommendations on the treatment of PHT based on the principles of evidence-based medicine. The experience accumulated by the domestic and international experts was summarized in the federal clinical guidelines on PHT.
Mary Norton of New Jersey: Congressional Trailblazer
Authors: Nicholson C. Brid
Published: January 2017

Nicholson's review of Mary Norton of New Jersey: Congressional Trailblazer, by Porter.
Well/ill-posedness for the dissipative Navier–Stokes system in generalized Carleson measure spaces
Authors: Wang Yuzhao , Xiao Jie
Published: January 2017

As an essential extension of the well known case

{\beta\kern-1.0pt\in\kern-1.0pt({\frac{1}{2}},1]}

to the hyper-dissipative case

{\beta\kern-1.0pt\in\kern-1.0pt(1,\infty)}

, this paper establishes both well-posedness and ill-posedness (not only norm inflation but also indifferentiability of the solution map) for the mild solutions of the incompressible Navier–Stokes system with dissipation

{(-\Delta)^{{\frac{1}{2}}<\beta<\infty}}

through the generalized Carleson measure spaces of initial data that unify many diverse spaces, including the Q space

{(Q_{-s=-\alpha})^{n}}

, the BMO-Sobolev space

{((-\Delta)^{-{\frac{s}{2}}}\mathrm{BMO})^{n}}

, the Lip-Sobolev space

{((-\Delta)^{-{\frac{s}{2}}}\mathrm{Lip}\alpha)^{n}}

, and the Besov space

{(\dot{B}^{s}_{\infty,\infty})^{n}}

.
The positivity of the hypergeometric translation operators associated to the Cherednik operators and the Heckman--Opdam theory on ℝ d
Authors: Trimèche Khalifa
Published: January 2017

We consider the hypergeometric translation operators associated to the Cherednik operators and the Heckman-Opdam theory on
A Linguistic Model in Component Oriented Programming
Authors: Crăciunean Daniel Cristian , Crăciunean Vasile
Published: January 2017

It is a fact that the component-oriented programming, well organized, can bring a large increase in efficiency in the development of large software systems. This paper proposes a model for building software systems by assembling components that can operate independently of each other. The model is based on a computing environment that runs parallel and distributed applications. This paper introduces concepts as: abstract aggregation scheme and aggregation application. Basically, an aggregation application is an application that is obtained by combining corresponding components. In our model an aggregation application is a word in a language.
On the complete integrability of the periodic quantum Toda lattice
Authors: Mare Augustin-Liviu
Published: January 2017

We prove that the periodic quantum Toda lattice corresponding to any extended Dynkin
diagram is completely integrable. This has been conjectured and proved in all classical cases and

E
6

{E_{6}}

by Goodman and Wallach at the beginning of the 1980s.
As a direct application, in the context of quantum cohomology of affine flag manifolds, results that were known to hold only for some particular Lie types can now be extended to all types.
MIRANDA 35 GHz SAR Based Non-Coherent Change Detection
Authors: Noetel Denis , Kloeppel Frank , Sieger Stefan , Janssen Daniel , Pohl Nils
Published: January 2017

Up to now, the high effort involved with airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems has led to the effect that SAR image processing is mostly restricted to single images of a scene. Recent developments like the MIRANDA 35 and its matching flight platform allow for frequent revisits of the same scene at very high repeatability. MIRANDA 35 has been designed as a lightweight and compact SAR sensor for altitudes of up to 1 km while providing a resolution of 15 cm. In combination with a highly flexible ultralight aircraft we have recently obtained 28 measurements of a scene within 2 h of flight time at very high repeatability. Two sets of flight courses, each with 7 flyovers of the reference scene and 7 of a modified change scene, are investigated here using statistical change detection methods like Informational Difference and Universal Image Quality Index.
The Dirichlet problem for gradient dependent prescribed mean curvature equations in the Lorentz–Minkowski space
Authors: Corsato Chiara , Obersnel Franco , Omari Pierpaolo
Published: January 2017

We discuss existence, multiplicity, localisation and stability properties of solutions
of the Dirichlet problem associated with the gradient dependent prescribed mean curvature equation in the Lorentz–Minkowski space

{

-

div
⁡

(

∇
⁡
u

1
-

|

∇
⁡
u

|

2

)

=

f
⁢

(
x
,
u
,

∇
⁡
u

)

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

.

$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{-}\operatorname{div}\biggl{(}\frac{\nabla
u%
}{\sqrt{1-|\nabla u|^{2}}}\biggr{)}&\displaystyle=f(x,u,\nabla u)&&%
\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on }\partial%
\Omega.\end{aligned}\right.$

The obtained results display various peculiarities, which are due to the special features of the involved differential operator and have no counterpart for elliptic problems driven by other quasilinear differential operators.
This research is also motivated by some recent achievements in the study of prescribed mean curvature
graphs in certain Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, as well as Schwarzschild–Reissner–Nordström, spacetimes.
On free decompositions of verbally closed subgroups in free products of finite groups
Authors: Mazhuga Andrey M.
Published: January 2017

For a subgroup of a free product of finite groups, we obtain necessary conditions (on its Kurosh decomposition) for it to be verbally closed.
Irreducible p-constant characters of finite reflection groups
Authors: Pellegrini Marco Antonio
Published: January 2017

A complex irreducible character of a finite group G is said to be p-constant, for some
prime p dividing the order of G, if it takes constant value at the set of p-singular
elements of G. In this paper we classify irreducible p-constant characters for finite
reflection groups, nilpotent groups and complete monomial groups.
We also propose some conjectures about the structure of the groups admitting such characters.
Virtual pro-p properties of 3-manifold groups
Authors: Wilkes Gareth
Published: January 2017

We answer a question of Aschenbrenner and Friedl regarding virtual p-efficiency for 3-manifold groups. We then study conjugacy p-separability and prove results for Fuchsian groups, Seifert fibre spaces and graph manifolds.
A Method of Optical Grooming Based on Dynamic Multicast Capable of Adaptive Splitting Under Differential Delay Constraint
Authors: Zheng Danling , Wu Lan , Liu Huanlin
Published: January 2017

Aiming at the problem of energy efficient transmission for multiple paths under differential delay constraint, we propose a method of optical grooming based on dynamic splitting under differential delay constraint algorithm (OG-DSDA) for optical networks. When a multicast demand cannot be groomed due to the bandwidth fragment, the method constructs two types of logic light-tree sets according to the differential delay constraint between source node and destinations. In order to reduce the network link costs caused by too many split parts, the method gives high priority to the first type logic light-trees with the maximum available bandwidth to meet the requirement. When the bandwidth of first type logic light-tree is insufficient for all sub-requests, the rest of sub-demands is adaptively groomed into a light-tree in second set of light-trees with the lower power consumption. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively decrease the network blocking probability and reduce network’s energy consumption.
Excellence and safety in surgery require excellent and safe tutoring
Authors: Ferrarese Alessia , Buccelli Claudio , Addeo Giuseppe , Capasso Emanuele , Conti Adelaide , Amato Maurizio , Compagna Rita , Niola Massimo , Martino Valter
Published: January 2017

The surgical education in Italy has always been a very important issue. The aim of this article is to bring together the feedback of the definitions of the various components of the learning scheme and to evaluate the importance of the legal point.

In March 2016 we performed a literature review. We have also examinated the internet pages of the Italian Department of Education, Health and Medical Order.

In Italy the tutor had an unclear role from a legal point of view. He is the person who must be able to perform a specific procedure with expert technical and who must know how to stop the student if this is about to perform a dangerous maneuver. In Italy the ability to work for the trainee is limited in all reality, it depends on several factors including the increase of numbers of medical-legal disputes, the timing, the commitment it requires mentoring and a lack of mentors.

Conclusion: In surgery, the problem is greater because of the increasingly of medico-legal implications that we are after surgical procedure. It would be necessary to define a role of the tutor in a regular protocol and a proper assessment of his performance.
Energy and Wave function Analysis on Harmonic Oscillator Under Simultaneous Non-Hermitian Transformations of Co-ordinate and Momentum: Iso-spectral case
Authors: Rath Biswanath , Mallick P.
Published: January 2017

We present a complete energy and wavefunction analysis of a Harmonic oscillator with simultaneous non-hermitian transformations of co-ordinate

(
x
→

(
x
+
i
λ
p
)

(
1
+
β
λ
)

)

$(x \rightarrow \frac{(x + i\lambda p)}{\sqrt{(1+\beta \lambda)}})$

and momentum

(
p
→

(
p
+
i
β
x
)

(
1
+
β
λ
)

)

$(p \rightarrow \frac {(p+i\beta x)}{\sqrt{(1+\beta \lambda)}})$

using perturbation theory under iso-spectral conditions. We observe that two different frequencies of oscillation (w
1, w
2)correspond to the same energy eigenvalue, - which can also be verified using a Lie algebraic approach.
Resource management for server virtualization under the limitations of recovery time objective
Authors: Telenyk Sergii , Bukasov Maksym , Yasochka Maksym
Published: January 2017

The problem of resource management for server virtualization under the limitation of recovery time objective was considered in this paper. Models and methods of workload and resource management of IT infrastructure with server virtualization in terms of time limit for services recovery in case of provision of services by virtual private servers were proposed. Mathematical models for excess and lack of resources was formulated as linear and nonlinear 0-1 programming problems. To solve these problems branch and bound, heuristic and modified genetic algorithms were proposed.
Criterion-Referenced Values of Grip Strength and Usual Gait Speed Using Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Disability as the Criterion
Authors: Lee Meng-Chih , Hsu Chih-Cheng , Tsai Yi-Fen , Chen Ching-Yu , Lin Cheng-Chieh , Wang Ching-Yi
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose:

Current evidence suggests that grip strength and usual gait speed (UGS) are important predictors of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability. Knowing the optimum cut points of these tests for discriminating people with and without IADL disability could help clinicians or researchers to better interpret the test results and make medical decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine the cutoff values of grip strength and UGS for best discriminating community-dwelling older adults with and without IADL disability, separately for men and women, and to investigate their association with IADL disability.

Methods:

We conducted secondary data analysis on a national dataset collected in the Sarcopenia and Translational Aging Research in Taiwan (START). The data used in this study consisted of health data of 2420 community-dwelling older adults 65 years and older with no history of stroke and with complete data. IADL disability was defined as at least 1 IADL item scored as “need help” or “unable to perform.” Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to estimate the optimum grip strength and UGS cut points for best discriminating older adults with/without IADL disability. The association between each physical performance (grip strength and UGS) and IADL disability was assessed with odds ratios (ORs).

Results and Discussion:

With IADL disability as the criterion, the optimal cutoff values of grip strength were 28.7 kg for men and 16.0 kg for women, and those for UGS were 0.76 m/s for men and 0.66 m/s for women. The grip strength test showed satisfactory discriminant validity (area under the curve > 0.7) in men and a strong association with IADL disability (OR > 4). Our cut points using IADL disability as the criterion were close to those indicating frailty or sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

Our reported cutoffs can serve as criterion-referenced values, along with those previously determined using different indicators, and provide important landmarks on the performance continua of older adults' grip strength and UGS. These landmarks could be useful in interpreting test results, monitoring changes in performance, and identifying individuals requiring timely intervention. For identifying older adults at risk of IADL disability, grip strength is superior to UGS.
Influences of Age, Obesity, and Adverse Drug Effects on Balance and Mobility Testing Scores in Ambulatory Older Adults
Authors: Anson Eric , Thompson Elizabeth , Odle Brian L. , Jeka John , Walls Zachary F. , Panus Peter C.
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose:

The adverse effects of drugs may influence results on tests of mobility and balance, but the drug-specific impact is not identified when using these tests. We propose that a quantitative drug index (QDI) will assist in assessing fall risk based on these tests, when combined with other fall risk variables.

Methods:

Fifty-seven community-dwelling older adults who could walk independently on a treadmill and had Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores equal to or greater than 24 participated. Mobility and balance outcome measures included the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and cognitive dual task TUG (TUGc). Fall history, current drug list, and Activity-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale scores were also collected. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The QDI was derived from the drug list for each individual, and based on fall-related drug adverse effects. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using age, BMI, and QDI as predictor variables for determining mobility and balance test scores, and ABC scale scores. Subsequently, participants were divided into (QDI = 0) low-impact drug group (LIDG) and (QDI > 0) high-impact drug group (HIDG) for Mann-Whitney 2-group comparisons.

Results:

Age, BMI, and QDI were all significant (P < .001) independent variables in multiple regression analyses for mobility and balance test scores, but not for the ABC scale. Separately, the 2 group comparisons for the BESTest, BBS, TUG, and TUGc demonstrated that HIDG scored significantly (P < .05) worse on these tests compared with the LIDG. Drug counts were also significantly higher for the HIDG than for the LIDG. In contrast, age, BMI, MMSE, and reported falls in the last 12 months were not significantly different between groups.

Conclusion:

Age, BMI, and QDI—all contributed independently to the mobility and balance test scores examined, and may provide health care professionals a screening tool to determine whether additional mobility and balance testing is required. In addition, the QDI is a more precise marker of adverse effects of drugs compared with drug counts, as the latter does not quantitate the influence of drugs on physiologic function.
Encoding of Both Reaching and Grasping Kinematics in Dorsal and Ventral Premotor Cortices
Authors: Takahashi Kazutaka , Best Matthew D. , Huh Noah , Brown Kevin A. , Tobaa Adil A. , Hatsopoulos Nicholas G.
Published: January 2017

Classically, it has been hypothesized that reach-to-grasp movements arise from two discrete parietofrontal cortical networks. As part of these networks, the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) has been implicated in the control of reaching movements of the arm, whereas the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) has been associated with the control of grasping movements of the hand. Recent studies have shown that such a strict delineation of function along anatomical boundaries is unlikely, partly because reaching to different locations can alter distal hand kinematics and grasping different objects can affect kinematics of the proximal arm. Here, we used chronically implanted multielectrode arrays to record unit-spiking activity in both PMd and PMv simultaneously while rhesus macaques engaged in a reach-to-grasp task. Generalized linear models were used to predict the spiking activity of cells in both areas as a function of different kinematic parameters, as well as spike history. To account for the influence of reaching on hand kinematics and vice versa, we applied demixed principal components analysis to define kinematics synergies that maximized variance across either different object locations or grip types. We found that single cells in both PMd and PMv encode the kinematics of both reaching and grasping synergies, suggesting that this classical division of reach and grasp in PMd and PMv, respectively, does not accurately reflect the encoding preferences of cells in those areas.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFor reach-to-grasp movements, the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) has been implicated in the control of reaching movements of the arm, whereas the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) has been associated with the control of grasping movements of the hand. We recorded unit-spiking activity in PMd and PMv simultaneously while macaques performed a reach-to-grasp task. We modeled the spiking activity of neurons as a function of kinematic parameters and spike history. We applied demixed principal components analysis to define kinematics synergies. We found that single units in both PMd and PMv encode the kinematics of both reaching and grasping synergies, suggesting that the division of reach and grasp in PMd and PMv, respectively, cannot be made based on their encoding properties.
Bone material strength index as measured by impact microindentation is altered in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Malgo F , Hamdy N A T , Rabelink T J , Kroon H M , Claessen K M J A , Pereira A M , Biermasz N R , Appelman-Dijkstra N M
Published: January 2017

Objective

Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by excess growth hormone (GH) production by the pituitary adenoma. The skeletal complications of GH and IGF-1 excess include increased bone turnover, increased cortical bone mass and deteriorated microarchitecture of trabecular bone, associated with a high risk of vertebral fractures in the presence of relatively normal bone mineral density (BMD). We aimed to evaluate tissue-level properties of bone using impact microindentation (IMI) in well-controlled patients with acromegaly aged ≥18 years compared to 44 controls from the outpatient clinic of the Centre for Bone Quality.

Design and methods

In this cross-sectional study, bone material strength index (BMSi) was measured in 48 acromegaly patients and 44 controls with impact microindentation using the osteoprobe.

Results

Mean age of acromegaly patients (54% male) was 60.2 years (range 37.9–76.5), and 60.5 years (range 39.8–78.6) in controls (50% male). Patients with acromegaly and control patients had comparable BMI (28.2 kg/m2 ± 4.7 vs 26.6 kg/m2 ± 4.3, P = 0.087) and comparable BMD at the lumbar spine (1.04 g/cm2 ± 0.21 vs 1.03 g/cm2 ± 0.13, P = 0.850) and at the femoral neck (0.84 g/cm2 ± 0.16 vs 0.80 g/cm2 ± 0.09, P = 0.246). BMSi was significantly lower in acromegaly patients than that in controls (79.4 ± 0.7 vs 83.2 ± 0.7; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our data indicates that tissue-level properties of cortical bone are significantly altered in patients with controlled acromegaly after reversal of long-term exposure to pathologically high GH and IGF-1 levels. Our findings also suggest that methods other than DXA should be considered to evaluate bone fragility in patients with acromegaly.
El Desarrollo Sustentable como ficción. Una crítica conceptual desde la perspectiva de la Historia.
Authors: Picado Umaña Wilson
Published: January 2017

Este artículo analiza las contradicciones del concepto de Desarrollo Sustentable desde una perspectiva de Historia Conceptual. Primero, muestra el contexto de la aparición del concepto. Luego, analiza la ambigüedad del término. Finalmente, examina sus contradicciones desde una perspectiva histórica. Es un artículo basado en fuentes bibliográficas.
Incertidumbre, búsqueda y duelo: la Shoá desde la perspectiva de los familiares de las víctimas en Argentina
Authors: Chinski Malena
Published: January 2017

Este artículo propone complejizar y expandir el significado del término Shoá mediante la consideración de sus consecuencias directas en la vida de miles de inmigrantes judíos oriundos de Europa central y oriental, radicados en países lejanos a los escenarios donde tuvieron lugar los crímenes nazis. Estas personas, ignoradas hasta ahora por la historiografía sobre este período, sufrieron la pérdida parcial o total de sus familias en la Shoah, incluyendo generalmente a progenitores y hermanos. La recuperación de las perspectivas de los familiares de las víctimas en Argentina se basa en el abordaje de fuentes orales, materiales de prensa en ídish, alemán y español, cartas familiares y obras de ficción autobiográfica. Las experiencias de las familias judías en Argentina durante el transcurso de la Segunda Guerra Mundial estuvieron marcadas por la incertidumbre sobre el destino de los parientes que habían caído bajo la órbita nazi, con quienes habían mantenido los vínculos a distancia a través del intercambio de cartas, hasta que este se vio forzosamente interrumpido a causa de la expansión nazi y del comienzo de la guerra. En la inmediata posguerra las familias judías enfrentaron las complejas tareas de búsqueda de familiares sobrevivientes y de recolección de información que confirmara la probable muerte de sus seres queridos, cuyo rastro habían perdido definitivamente.
Ataxia Telangiectasia and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Pasini Agneza Marija , Gagro Alenka , Roić Goran , Vrdoljak Ozren , Lujić Lucija , Žutelija-Fattorini Matija
Published: January 2017

We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a child with typical ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) who developed juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The patient was a 15-year-old boy with A-T who presented with noninfectious polyarthritis. A-T is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar atrophy, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, immunodeficiency, radiosensitivity, and predisposition to cancer. The gene responsible for A-T is the A-T mutated (ATM) gene. Clinical manifestations of the disorder are the result of lacking ATM protein, which is involved in DNA repair, apoptosis, various checkpoints in the cell cycle, gene regulation, translation, initiation, and telomere maintenance. There are a few articles that describe deficiency of the DNA repair enzyme, ATM, in rheumatoid arthritis, but the connection between the absence of ATM protein and JIA has not been presented or studied yet. JIA is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by arthritis of unknown origin with onset before the age of 16 years. It is the most common childhood chronic rheumatic disease and causes significant disability. Because immunodeficiency can be part of A-T, infectious arthritis can occur, but chronic autoimmune arthritis in these patients is rare. We report a rare case of a 15-year-old boy with A-T and JIA. This case shows a possible relationship between altered function of ATM protein and the pathogenesis of JIA.
Evaluación de los aprendizajes en escenarios clínicos: ¿Qué evaluar y por qué?
Authors: Maroto Marín Orlando
Published: January 2017

Este material corresponde a un ensayo en el que se analiza el proceso de enseñanza en el escenario clínico como espacio de aprendizaje, específicamente, en las carreras del área de la salud.Además, se incluyen aspectos claves de la enseñanza en la clínica y, por ende, la correspondiente evaluación de los aprendizajes. Se pretende propiciar la actividad reflexiva en el campo docente del área de salud, para una mejor comprensión de esta por parte del profesorado y relacionar la evaluación como un aspecto importante en el aprendizaje clínico. Se va más allá de una concepción tradicional de la evaluación, asumida como medición, cuyo objetivo es brindar solamente la calificación para determinar el nivel de rendimiento y la promoción del estudiantado. Se exponen algunos aspectos a evaluar dentro del proceso formativo y la importancia de una adecuada retroalimentación para el grupo de estudiantes que participan en estos cursos en particular.
Percepciones sobre la educación inclusiva del profesorado de una escuela con Programa de Integración Escolar
Authors: Mellado Hernández María Elena , Chaucono Catrinao Juan Carlos , Hueche Oñate Marianela Clementina , Aravena Kennigs Omar Andrés
Published: January 2017

El objetivo del artículo consiste en develar las percepciones sobre las prácticas de educación inclusiva de las dimensiones pedagógico-didáctica, aprendizaje cooperativo, actuación ética y social que expresan profesionales de un programa de integración escolar (PIE) y docentes de aula, de un centro educativo de la región de Los Ríos, Chile. Este trabajo se suscribe en un estudio de caso, con una metodología mixta de carácter descriptiva. En total participan 36 personas, 15 profesionales de múltiples disciplinas del PIE y 21 docentes de asignaturas del currículo de educación primaria y secundaria. Se les aplicó un cuestionario tipo escala Likert y una entrevista semiestructurada para la recogida de información sobre las percepciones de educación inclusiva. Los resultados cuantitativos muestran una leve tendencia hacia planteamientos teóricos asociados a la educación inclusiva. Sin embargo, los hallazgos que surgen del discurso del cuerpo docente se asocian a prácticas excluyentes y segregadas que inhiben el trabajo cooperativo en el aula, lo que demuestra bajas expectativas y una actitud desfavorable hacia la inclusión que provoca desconfianza entre los actores de la comunidad escolar. A modo de conclusión, conviene destacar la necesidad de un currículo inclusivo que promueva lo pedagógico-didáctico y el aprendizaje cooperativo como esencial para una educación inclusiva en el marco de una actuación ética y social, responsable con el desarrollo integral del estudiantado.
New record and range extension of the Horned Toad, Rhinella ceratophrys (Boulenger, 1882) (Anura: Bufonidae), in Venezuela, and confirmation of its presence in Brazil
Authors: Rojas-Runjaic Fernando J. M. , Camargo Edward , Carvalho Vinícius T. de , La Marca Enrique
Published: January 2017

The Horned Toad, Rhinella ceratophrys, is widely distributed in the northwestern part of the Amazon region. It is known from Venezuela by only a single juvenile from the base of Cerro Marahuaca, Amazonas state. Herein we report four additional specimens from Venezuela: three juveniles also from Cerro Marahuaca, and a subadult female from the southern slopes of Cerro La Neblina, at the southern border of Amazonas state. The specimen from Cerro La Neblina extends the species distribution to the extreme south of Venezuelan Amazonia, 307 km south of Marahuaca, and it represents the southeasternmost record of the species. We also confirm the presence of R. ceratophrys in Brazil based on voucher specimens, and present an updated distribution map.
ESTIMASI NILAI HERITABILITAS BOBOT IKAN MAS VARIETAS PUNTEN DALAM PROGRAM SELEKSI INDIVIDU
Authors: Nugroho Estu , Setyono Budi , Su’eb Mochammad , Prihadi Tri Heru
Published: January 2017

Program pemuliaan ikan mas varietas Punten dilakukan dengan seleksi individu terhadap karakter bobot ikan. Pembentukan populasi dasar untuk kegiatan seleksi dilakukan dengan memijahkan secara massal induk ikan mas yang terdiri atas 20 induk betina dan 21 induk jantan yang dikoleksi dari daerah Punten, Kepanjen (delapan betina dan enam jantan), Kediri (tujuh betina dan 12 jantan), Sragen (27 betina dan 10 jantan), dan Blitar (15 betina dan 11 jantan). Larva umur 10 hari dipelihara selama empat bulan. Selanjutnya dilakukan penjarangan sebesar 50% dan benih dipelihara selama 14 bulan untuk dilakukan seleksi dengan panduan hasil sampling 250 ekor individu setiap populasi. Seleksi terhadap calon induk dilakukan saat umur 18 bulan pada populasi jantan dan betina secara terpisah dengan memilih berdasarkan 10% bobot ikan yang terbaik. Calon induk yang terseleksi kemudian dipelihara hingga matang gonad, kemudian dipilih sebanyak 150 pasang dan dipijahkan secara massal. Didapatkan respons positif dari hasil seleksi berdasarkan bobot ikan, yaitu 49,89 g atau 3,66% (populasi ikan jantan) dan 168,47 g atau 11,43% (populasi ikan betina). Nilai heritabilitas untuk bobot ikan adalah 0,238 (jantan) dan 0,505 (betina).Punten carp breeding programs were carried out by individual selection for body weight trait. The base population for selection activities were conducted by mass breeding of parent consisted of 20 female and 21 male collected from area Punten, eight female and six male (Kepanjen), seven female and 12 male (Kediri), 27 female and 10 male (Sragen), 15 female and 11 male (Blitar). Larvae 10 days old reared for four moths. Then after spacing out 50% of total harvest, the offspring reared for 14 months for selection activity based on the sampling of 250 individual each population. Selection of broodstock candidates performed since 18 months age on male and female populations separately by selecting based on 10% of fish with best body weight. Candidates selected broodstocks were then maintained until mature. In oder to produce the next generation 150 pairs were sets and held for mass spawning. The results revealed that selection response were positive, 49.89 g (3.66%) for male and 168.47 (11.43%) for female. Heritability for body weight is 0.238 (male) and 0.505 (female).
SELEKSI RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus striatum DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT UNTUK BUDIDAYA
Authors: Parenrengi Andi , Fahrur Mat , Makmur Makmur , Mulyaningrum Sri Redjeki Hesti
Published: January 2017

Budidaya rumput laut di Indonesia semakin berkembang seiring dengan peningkatan permintaan bahan baku industri untuk pasar domestik dan eksport. Rumput laut Kappaphycus striatum, salah satu spesies rumput laut komersil, telah intensif dibudidayakan di perairan pantai. Saat ini, masalah utama yang dihadapi pembudidaya adalah rendahnya kualitas bibit yang berasal dari hasil budidaya. Seleksi varietas merupakan salah satu metode yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan rumput laut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh seleksi varietas terhadap pertumbuhan rumput laut sehingga dapat dilakukan produksi bibit unggul untuk keperluan budidaya. Budidaya rumput laut K. striatum telah dilakukan di Teluk Laikang, Kabupaten Takalar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan menggunakan metode long line. Seleksi varietas dilakukan berdasarkan parameter laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH) dan metode seleksi mengacu pada protokol seleksi yang telah dikembangkan pada rumput laut K. alvarezii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LPH bibit hasil seleksi lebih tinggi (P
EN TORNO A LA METODOLOGÍA DOCENTE EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE DERECHO DEL TRABAJO Y DE LA SEGURIDAD SOCIAL. SOBRE LOS MATERIALES DIDÁCTICOS COMPLEMENTARIOS A LAS CLASES Y LA REALIZACIÓN DE EXÁMENES
Authors: Fernández-Costales Muñiz Javier
Published: January 2017

Abstract.When teaching is a legal discipline, face classes must be supported and supplemented by various educational materials that reinforce the learning of the subject. Thus, specific manuals and literature, laws and regulations, law reports, databases, legal and other materials that teachers can provide, will be useful for the proper preparation of the subject. Moreover, even when the new curriculum intended use of new forms of non-traditional assessment, the use of tests remains in certain branches, necessary to qualify the student’s knowledge on the subject. This study analyzes the various possibilities that teachers of Labour and Social Security has in this area.Keywords: teaching, methodology, employment law, education, learning, exams, evaluation.Resumen.Cuando de la enseñanza de una disciplina jurídica se trata, las clases presenciales deben ser apoyadas y completadas con diferentes materiales didácticos que refuercen el aprendizaje de la materia. Así, bibliografía y manuales específicos, normas legales y reglamentarias, repertorios de jurisprudencia, bases de datos de carácter jurídico y otros materiales que el docente pueda proporcionar, serán de gran utilidad para la adecuada preparación de la asignatura. Por otra parte, y aun cuando los nuevos planes de estudio pretenden la utilización de nuevas formas de evaluación distintas a las tradicionales, el recurso a los exámenes sigue siendo, en ciertas ramas, necesario para poder calificar los conocimientos del alumno sobre la materia. Este estudio analiza las distintas posibilidades que el docente de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social posee en este ámbito.Palabras clave: enseñanza, metodología, derecho del trabajo, educación, aprendizaje, exámenes, evaluación.
FACTORES CONTEXTUALES Y VARIABLES INDIVIDUALES EN EL AJUSTE ESCOLAR
Authors: Azpiazu Lorea , Esnaola Igor , Ros Iker
Published: January 2017

Abstract.The aim of this study is to analize the relations between contextual variables (family support, friends support and teachers support), personal variables (self-concept and life satisfaction) and school adjustment and engagement. The sample is composed by 1615 participants from 12 to 23 years old. Pearson correlations show that all variables are significantly and positively correlated. Multivariate regression analysis shows that school engagement, self-concept, life satisfaction and friends support are directly related with school adjustment, being school engagement the most relevant variable. In the other hand, family and teacher support are indirectly related with school adjustment through self-concept and life satisfaction, which are directly related with school adjustment.Keywords: School adjustment, school engagement, family support, friends support, teachers support, self-concept and life satisfaction.Resumen.El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las relaciones entre variables contextuales (apoyo familiar, amistades y profesorado), individuales (autoconcepto y satisfacción con la vida) y el ajuste e implicación escolar. La muestra está compuesta por 1615 participantes de entre 12 y 23 años. Los resultados muestran relaciones significativas y positivas entre todas las variables analizadas mediante las correlaciones de Pearson. Asimismo, los análisis de regresión realizados señalan que la implicación escolar, el autoconcepto, la satisfacción con la vida y el apoyo de las amistades tienen una relación directa con el ajuste escolar, siendo la implicación escolar la variable que más peso o importancia tiene. Por otro lado, el apoyo familiar y del profesorado tienen una relación indirecta con el ajuste escolar, a través de las variables individuales autoconcepto y satisfacción con la vida, con las que están directamente relacionados.Palabras clave: Ajuste escolar, implicación escolar, apoyo familiar, apoyo de los amigos, apoyo de los profesores, autoconcepto y satisfacción con la vida.
Die Afrikaanse Taalmuseum en -monument in die Paarl: 40 jaar later
Authors: van Zyl A , Rossouw J
Published: January 2017

In hierdie artikel word die rol en waarde van die Afrikaanse Taalmuseum en -monument in die Paarl geëvalueer in die lig van die veertigste herdenking van die inwyding van die Monument. Die inwyding het op 10 Oktober 1975 plaasgevind. Hoewel die Monument 'n bekende baken is, is dit nie tot dieselfde mate bekend dat daar ook 'n Afrikaanse Taalmuseum is wat saam met die Monument funksioneer nie. Die Museum word gehuisves in die destydse woonhuis van Gideon Malherbe, waar die Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners (GRA) op 14 Augustus 1875 gestig is. Inisiatiewe om n Afrikaanse Taalmonument in die Paarl op te rig, kan teruggevoer word tot so ver terug as September 1942, toe 'n komitee op die been gebring is om fondse daarvoor in te samel. Die Monument is uiteindelik meer as 30 jaar later ingewy. Die Monument het vanaf die eerste oomblik wat die idee posgevat het, gelei tot kritiek en tweespalt. Hierdie artikel ondersoek elke tipe kritiek wat destyds teen die Monument uitgespreek is, naamlik die wenslikheid, ligging, voorkoms, aard of funksie, simboliek en ideologie, en evalueer terugskouend die geldigheid daarvan al dan nie.