bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SDAM: A dual attention mechanism for high-quality fusion of infrared and visible images
Authors: Hu Jun , Zhu Xiaocen , Niu Kai
Published: September 2024

Image fusion of infrared and visible images to obtain high-quality fusion images with prominent infrared targets has important applications in various engineering fields. However, current fusion processes encounter problems such as unclear texture details and imbalanced infrared targets and texture detailed information, which lead to information loss. To address these issues, this paper proposes a method for infrared and visible image fusion based on a specific dual-attention mechanism (SDAM). This method employs an end-to-end network structure, which includes the design of channel attention and spatial attention mechanisms. Through these mechanisms, the method can fully exploit the texture details in the visible images while preserving the salient information in the infrared images. Additionally, an optimized loss function is designed to combine content loss, edge loss, and structure loss to achieve better fusion effects. This approach can fully utilize the texture detailed information of visible images and prominent information in infrared images, while maintaining better brightness and contrast, which improves the visual effect of fusion images. Through conducted ablation experiments and comparative evaluations on public datasets, our research findings demonstrate that the SDAM method exhibits superior performance in both subjective and objective assessments compared to the current state-of-the-art fusion methods.
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease based on multi-attention mechanism
Authors: Yang Xinli , Hong Kefen , Zhang Denghui , Wang Ke
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, and one of its common and prominent early symptoms is language impairment. Therefore, early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease through speech and text information is of significant importance. However, the multimodal data is often complex and inconsistent, which leads to inadequate feature extraction. To address the problem, We propose a model for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease based on multimodal attention(EDAMM). Specifically, we first evaluate and select three optimal feature extraction methods, Wav2Vec2.0, TF-IDF and Word2Vec, to extract acoustic and linguistic features. Next, by leveraging self-attention mechanism and cross-modal attention mechanisms, we generate fused features to enhance and capture the inter-modal correlation information. Finally, we concatenate the multimodal features into a composite feature vector and employ a Neural Network(NN) classifier to diagnose Alzheimer’s Disease. To evaluate EDAMM, we perform experiments on two public datasets, i.e., NCMMSC2021 and ADReSSo. The results show that EDAMM improves the performance of Alzheimer’s Disease diagnosis over state-of-the-art baseline approaches on both datasets.
Justicia social como proceso de subjetivación: una indagación en el debate contemporáneo desde las teorías políticas críticas
Authors: Toninello Emilse
Published: September 2024

El presente trabajo tiene por propósito sostener que la pregunta por la justicia social persiste en la actualidad porque su permanente aparición en el pensamiento político se encuentra conectada con la apertura característica de los procesos de subjetivación. De modo que la pregunta por la justicia social permanece abierta porque está enraizada en los procesos de subjetivación, también ellos siempre abiertos. A estos fines, se propone un recorrido tanto por las elaboraciones de la justicia como problema permanente como aquellas dedicadas a la imbricación entre la justicia de los ordenamientos sociales y los procesos de subjetivación. Finalmente, se intentará demostrar que tanto el carácter permanente de la justicia social como problema político y los procesos de subjetivación co-constituyen la formulación contemporánea de la justicia social.
La extensión en el tiempo de la comunidad política
Authors: Seleme Hugo O.
Published: September 2024

La idea de que la comunidad política se extiende en el tiempo se encuentra en tensión con presupuestos usuales acerca de la topología del tiempo y la dirección temporal de la causalidad. La tensión puede ser resuelta si se adoptan tres tesis: 1) las normas jurídicas –en especial la Constitución– son la expresión de expectativas o preferencias colectivas futuras de los ciudadanos del pasado; 2) existen algunos objetos que no están en el presente; 3) el valor que tiene la vida que alguien ha vivido depende metafísicamente de la satisfacción de sus preferencias.
Diagnosis Dilemma; Patient with Breathlessness & Befogged Appearing Cardiomegaly on Chest Xray
Authors: Akhil Anand  , Ghanshyam Verma  , Elen Ann Abraham  , Sabarinath Ravichandar  , Keerthana Priya
Published: September 2024

A sixty-year-old south Indian woman complained of dyspnoea on excretion, unexpected weight gain and other symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism that had been present over a year. When examined physically, the blood pressure was 110/70mmg. The heartbeat was regular at 82beats/min and oxygen saturation at room air was 96%.
The point of highest impulse was found to be in the fifth intercostal space, 10 cm to the left of the midsternal line, on examination there was no murmur or friction rub audible, and the heart sounds were within normal limits. Ankle oedema, rales, or hepatomegaly were absent. Thyroid function test showed the following values FT3 1.2 pg/ml FT4 0.5 ng/dl TSH 10 micro IU/ml and patient was started on T. Thyroxine 50 mcg/day Chest Xray showed an expanded cardiac silhouette on the right side at the junction of diaphragm and heart (Fig. 1). At the time, differential diagnosis made were myocarditis, pericarditis, or pericardial cyst. The ECG showed no abnormalities. HRCT scan visualized a radiolucent border around a centrally located, normal-sized heart shadow measuring several centimetres in thickness. This radiolucency was indicative of a significant fat build-up in the tissues surrounding the heart. 2dEcho showed pericardial fat deposition with EF 62% and NRWM. Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) was done it showed restrictive pattern.
Ultimately, the clinical impression was made that hypothyroidism was the cause of the patient's symptoms. It was suggested that the dyspnea was brought on by weakened muscle tone occurring as sequelae to hypothyroidism and the rapid increase in weight gain could have contributed to the increase in pericardial fat.
Artificial Intelligence in Detecting the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Sheetal S.  , Abhilash B.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial for preventing irreversible vision loss. However, traditional methods of DR screening are labor-intensive and reliant on the availability of skilled personnel, posing challenges in resource-constrained settings.
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in detecting the severity of DR compared to conventional ophthalmological assessments.
METHODS
A hospital-based observational study was conducted at the ophthalmology outpatient department of Tertiary care hospital, India over a six-month period. A total of 300 diabetic patients were included, and fundus photographs were obtained using a fundus camera. The images were then analyzed using an AI model trained on a diabetic retinopathy dataset. The severity of DR was graded according to established criteria, and the accuracy of the AI model was compared to that of ophthalmologist grading.
RESULTS
The AI model demonstrated an accuracy rate of 95.25% in grading the severity of DR. Comparison between AI and ophthalmologist grading showed close sensitivity and specificity rates across different DR grades, with the AI model slightly outperforming in certain categories.
CONCLUSIONS
Artificial intelligence shows promise as an effective and efficient tool for the screening and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Its integration into healthcare systems could enhance early detection and treatment of DR, particularly in underserved regions with limited access to ophthalmological services. Further research and validation are warranted to optimize the use of AI in diabetic eye care and ensure its equitable distribution and ethical use.
Systematic review of hypothyroidism
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this poster is to provide a systematic review of hypothyroidism causes, clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment.
A responsible framework for evaluating the societal impact of research
Authors: Filchenko Dmytro , Pendlebury David , Quaderi Nandita , Adams Jonathan
Published: September 2024

The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)™ has developed a framework for evaluating the societal impact of research, to be integrated into the Web of Science Research Intelligence™ platform. This framework addresses the need for measurable societal benefits from R&D investments, crucial for economic growth and addressing global challenges. It categorizes societal needs into eight facets, and incorporates diverse data sources, including patents and clinical trials. The framework employs both lagging and leading indicators to measure impact over time, providing a Societal Impact Profile™ for entities like institutions and funders, with detailed metrics for transparency and analysis.
Beyond Congregations: Impacts of Apostolic Concentration on Non-Apostolic Child Marriage Rates in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chiuswa Shandukurai
Published: September 2024

The proliferation of Christian apostolic groups, commonly known as Masowe or African Initiated Churches (AIC) in Zimbabwe threatens girls’ rights through religiously imposed marriages. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 2005, 2010, and 2015, I investigate the relationship between residing in areas with high concentrations of apostolic religious groups and the prevalence of non-apostolic child marriage. My results, which control for regional fixed effects, show a significant effect of living in regions with high apostolic concentrations on child marriage rates for non-apostolics. The findings suggest that child marriage is rooted in not only economic deprivation but also in religious proximity. To reduce child marriage, policies should be aimed at developing rural communities where child marriage is prevalent.
Wealth Inequality and Income Risk in the UK: A Two-Asset Heterogeneous Agent Model
Authors: Butlin Adam
Published: September 2024

Analysing the sensitivity of the income and wealth distribution to changes in asset returns is of particular importance in the current environment of high inflation and low growth. In this paper, I calibrate a two-asset heterogeneous agent model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk but no aggerate uncertainty to the UK income and wealth distribution to evaluate the effect of changes in the liquidity premium and transaction costs on the joint distribution. I accomplish this using data on household balance sheets from the Office for National Statistics' Wealth and Assets Survey (WAS). My contribution to the literature on distribution-realistic partial equilibrium models may be useful in informing the debate on the effect of wealth, and changes in its distribution, on consumption-saving behaviour in the UK.
Relaciones entre apoyo social, salud autopercibida y satisfacción vital: una comparación entre estudiantes universitarios heterosexuales y LGB+ en Chile
Authors: Alarcón-Jouanet Tatiana , Orellana Ligia , Schnettler Berta , Riquelme-Segura Leonor , Sepúlveda José , Reutter Karol
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Existe un creciente interés en la relación entre la orientación sexual de una persona y su bienestar subjetivo, por el vínculo de dicha orientación con diversas esferas de la vida, como apoyo social, salud y satisfacción vital. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la relación entre estas variables en función de la orientación sexual es escasa en población universitaria. Este estudio examina la asociación entre el apoyo de familia, amistades y otras personas con la satisfacción vital, de forma directa y mediada por la salud autopercibida; se comparan estas relaciones en estudiantes universitarios heterosexuales y lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y de otras orientaciones no heterosexuales (LGB+) en Chile. Método: La muestra (n = 525) respondió un cuestionario en línea con preguntas sociodemográficas, sobre apoyo social percibido, salud autopercibida y satisfacción vital. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y análisis multigrupo. Resultados: El apoyo familiar se asoció positivamente con la satisfacción vital, directamente y mediado por la salud autopercibida, tanto en estudiantes heterosexuales como LGB+; el apoyo de amigos y de otras personas mostró asociaciones diferenciadas por orientación sexual. Sin embargo, este modelo fue estadísticamente similar para ambos grupos. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos destacan la relevancia de distintos tipos de apoyo social en la satisfacción vital de estudiantes universitarios según su orientación sexual.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE TOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE IMPLEMENTATION THE PROJECT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT CONCEPT AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE “ALMAZ – ANTEY”
Authors: Bormotov A. S. , Sharipova E. K. , Chudinov K. A. , Vikhrev I. A.
Published: September 2024

Production project lifecycle management is a complex and capacious process of development, planning and production. The concept of the project life cycle, lifecycle management strategy and its structuring are considered. The relevance of the implementation of the concept to optimize the tool management system at the enterprises of the “Almaz – Antey” ASD Corporation” has been formulated. Software products of lifecycle management control system are considered. An Ishikawa causal diagram assessing the problem of the current tool management system is presented. A map of the flow of creating the value of selection and testing of prefabricated metal cutting tools in the “before” and “after” optimization states has been formed. Ways to improve the tool management system are proposed, its effectiveness after the introduction of lean production tools is analyzed.
KPI SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT TO IMPROVE PERSONNEL TRAINING SYSTEM AT A MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kirichenko A. A. , Denisova Ya. V.
Published: September 2024

In modern conditions, there is an extremely rapid obsolescence of professional knowledge, so the issues of improving the skills of employees, mastering new competencies is one of the key factors for the success of the enterprise. In other words, the personnel training system has a direct impact on the achievement of the strategic goals of the organization, therefore, it is necessary to manage this system accordingly. In this article, using the example of a machine-building enterprise, the personnel training process underlying the improvement of the entire personnel training system is considered. The article suggests a method for evaluating the effectiveness of personnel training based on KPIs using the example of training design bureau employees. The authors have identified indicators of the effectiveness of the learning process that affect the quality of products, developed a sequence of building stages of the KPI system, and also established its relationship with the strategic management system of the organization.
STUDY OF THE CONDITION OF THE STEEL STRUCTURE TO ASSESS ITS RESIDUAL LIFE SERVICE LIFE
Authors: Gadalov V. N. , Gubanov O. M. , Zchilina K. V. , Filonovich A. V. , Chernhyshova E. V.
Published: September 2024

The results of monitoring theoretical and numerical studies on fatigue damage of structural steels are presented.
PLANNING SYSTEM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REPAIR TECHNOLOGIES AND OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF THE GTE LIFE CYCLE
Authors: Bezjazychnyi V. F. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The need for the number of types of repair of gas turbine engines (GTE) is stated depending on the time of their operation, the total complexity of repairs and the level of localization of real production, depending on the operating time of the engine, as well as the number of equipment and areas for the organization of repair production.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF LED PHYTOIRADITATOR
Authors: Kuznetsov E. A. , Kalabkin A. A. , Ivliev S. N. , Ashryatov A. A. , Kalabkin V. A. , Musatov A. S.
Published: September 2024

With the development and popularization of methods for growing plants in controlled conditions, such as vertical farms and greenhouse complexes, there is a need to optimize phyto-lighting. This article is devoted to the development and research of an LED phyto-irradiator designed for the efficient process of growing plants in greenhouses. In the course of the study, a prototype phytoirradiator was developed with a power consumption of 8.8 W, with a photosynthetic photon flux of 16.2 µmol/s and a photosynthetic efficiency of 1.84 µmol/J. The light intensity curve of the irradiator corresponds to the cosine type. The spectral distribution of radiation contains two pronounced regions (maxima) corresponding to 440 nm and 642 nm, which promotes vegetative growth of plants, rapid growth of green mass, and also slows down flowering processes. Thus, the developed phytoirradiator can be used for an efficient process of growing plants in greenhouses, providing optimal lighting conditions and helping to increase the yield and quality of crops.
CALCULATION DESIGN AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES OF CHANNELS IN TOOL ELECTRODES
Authors: Smolentsev V. P. , Potashnikova N. S. , Izvekov A. A. , Potashnikov M. G.
Published: September 2024

The ways of expanding the area of effective use of electrodes-tools having a complex profile of internal channels for the regulated supply of the working medium to the processing zone are considered. A methodology for calculating the profile and placement of channels for the supply of liquid liquid working medium has been developed and implemented. The need for electrolytes supplied through an electrode-tool has been established for typical applications of electroabrasive, mainly precision, processing of details. It is shown that additive manufacturing technologies of monolithic tools with internal channels of variable geometry providing controlled flow of the working medium and stabilization of the finishing process are the most effective for these purposes. The expediency of using additive technologies for the manufacture of a fast-transferable electric abrasive tool for equipping technological processes of manufacturing products of high complexity, in particular, for the needs of the aviation and space engineering industries, is substantiated. The ways of overcoming the limitations inherent in the finishing abrasive treatment of hard-to-work materials are shown, in particular, the expansion of the possibility of replacing expensive abrasive granules with less scarce ones, the resistance of which during electroabrasive processing is sufficient to obtain a high-resource the tool in the case of using combined technological processes. The use of new types of tools for combined processing methods is justified, where there are practically no force effects on the part and heating of the removal zone of the allowance is eliminated. This makes it possible to expand the use of new technological processes using promising additive technologies, when producing electrode tools, especially for finishing electroabrasive processing.
ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS ON THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE ROLLING STOCK
Authors: Kuleshov A. V. , Morozov D. V. , Pykhalov A. A.
Published: September 2024

In the operation of railway rolling stock, special attention is paid to the dynamic characteristics of the behavior of structural elements of wagons and locomotives. Under these conditions, the magnitude and nature of the change in the forces arising from the interaction of the track and rolling stock, as well as the interaction of all elements of the car structure with each other, are the main parameters determining traffic safety and wear of the elements of the rolling stock structure. This article examines the influence of static and dynamic loads on the running gear of the car, in particular the load on the side frame of the cargo bed (18-100). To determine the stress-strain state of the side frame of the cargo trolley, experimental and theoretical (computational) studies were carried out, which made it possible to determine the main stress zones in the side frame of the trolley trolley, both with permissible deviations in the parameters of the components of the trolley in operation, and with the presence of defects in the running gear affecting traffic safety. Based on the results obtained, an assessment of the negative combinations of malfunctions of the trolley elements affecting the further failure of the parts and components of the chassis of the car is given. The factors for the development of constructive recommendations aimed at improving the structural elements of the side frames of cargo trucks are determined.
ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF WALL THICKNESS OF COOLED BLADES OF GAS TURBINE ENGINES
Authors: Zhukov A. A. , Vasilchuk M. V.
Published: September 2024

The results of measurements of the wall thickness of the cooled working blades of a gas turbine engine using ultrasonic and visual-optical methods are presented. The reliability of the ultrasonic testing results has been calculated; it has been established that the reliability of measurements performed with the UDT-45 device is higher than with the UT-603 device.
MODELING OF THE INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING MODE PARAMETERS ON THE TEMPERATURE IN THE CUTTING ZONE WHEN TURNING WORKPIECES MADE OF HARD-TO-PROCESS MATERIALS WITH VARIOUS COATINGS OF CUTTING PLATES
Authors: Galkin M. G. , Smagin A. S. , Ignatchenko E. A.
Published: September 2024

One of the important tasks for domestic mechanical engineering in the field of manufacturing is the prediction of the temperature regime in the zone of interaction between the tool and the workpiece during the processing of various ferrous metal products. In the context of modeling most calculation procedures related to the machining process, there are problems with determining the objective function describing the specific conditions of interaction between the tool and the workpiece. The aim of the work is an experimental study of the dependence of the temperature in the cutting zone of cast-iron workpieces SCH-15 on the coating materials that are applied to the metal-cutting tool and obtaining empirical objective functions based on it that adequately describe this processing process. During the implementation of this algorithm in the laboratory, based on a priori information, the research area was selected and the limiting levels of factors with varying intervals in this area were established. At the next step, a factorial experiment was performed and its results were processed on the basis of a linear polynomial, taking into account linear effects and the interaction effect. In the process of evaluating the polynomial, a confidence interval was determined for all regression coefficients from three parallel experiments with the same values of factors. At the second stage of its evaluation, the adequacy of the resulting mathematical model was checked according to the Fisher criterion. At the final stage, using the well-known logarithm mechanism, a transition was made from the encoded values of the factors in the resulting polynomial to their natural values. During the implementation of this algorithm, power functions describing the temperature conditions in the cutting zone during the processing of a cast-iron billet with a carbide tool material with coatings in the form of TiN, ZrN and ZrTiN were obtained. As a result of the study, it was found that the non-combined coating of carbide plates allows minimizing the temperature in the cutting zone when turning hard-to-process materials by an average of 10 % compared to the combined coating, which increases the productivity of the shaping process by this amount. This technique is the subject of consideration in this work.
CALCULATION OF THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF A HYBRID VACUUM PUMP
Authors: Fomin M. V. , Fomina I. M.
Published: September 2024

Data are presented for calculating the main characteristics of a hybrid turbomolecular vacuum pump operating in the molecular gas flow mode. The pump contains a block of turbomolecular stages, an intermediate stage and a molecular stage with screw channels made on a cylindrical rotor. To determine the probabilities of gas molecules passing through the entire flow part of the pump in the forward and reverse directions, the Monte Carlo method in a three-dimensional formulation was used. The program allows you to evaluate the influence of the dynamic and geometric parameters of the flow path on the main characteristics of the pump in order to optimize them.
INFLUENCE OF MAGNET AND MAGNET CORE THICKNESS ON THE FORCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAGNETIC SYSTEM
Authors: Krasil’nikov A. Ya. , Krasil’nikov A. A. , Taranov D. V. , Taranov V. G.
Published: September 2024

The influence of the thickness of the magnet and the magnetic circuit on the power characteristics of a magnetic system with highly coercive permanent magnets Nd–Fe–B with a residual magnetic induction of 1.1 T is considered. The material of the magnetic circuits is steel 15. The thicknesses of high-coercive permanent magnets and magnetic conductors are 10 mm, 8 mm and 6 mm. Mathematical expressions have been obtained by which it is possible to calculate the shear force created in a magnetic system when the upper section of the magnetic system is displaced relative to the lower one with an air gap between the magnets of the sections of the magnetic system from 2 to 12 mm.
ANALYSIS OF ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES
Authors: Kovalenko O. Yu. , Kalinin Ya. A. , Mikaeva S. A. , Zhuravleva Yu. A.
Published: September 2024

This article presents the results of a study of the acoustic characteristics of a concert hall and processing of the obtained data using analysis of variance. It has been established that the decrease in sound intensity is caused by an increase in the distance from the acoustic system. It has been found that the change in sound intensity is caused by an increase in distance from the speaker system. The experiment was carried out in the Republic of Mordovia at the SBPEI RM “SMU named after L. P. Kiryukova” in a concert hall with a capacity of less than 500 seats. The concert hall is equipped with an acoustic portal system with subwoofers and satellite speakers. On the frequency generator, the values were set: 60 Hz (for the first experiment), 1000 Hz (for the second experiment), 5000 Hz (for the third experiment). Measurements were made at five points at distances 3, 6, 10.5, 15, 18 meters from sound sources along the left and right aisles of the hall, four measurements at each point. For measurements, the AKTAKOM ATT-9000 noise meter was used, designed to measure the sound level with a frequency of 31.5 Hz to 8 kHz in the range 30…130 dB. The noise meter measurement error was ±1,5 dB. Analysis shows that the volume of sound at high and medium frequencies decays more slowly with increasing distance than the volume at low frequencies.
AUTOMATION OF FORKLIFT TRUCK SLEWING MECHANISM
Authors: Semyonov D. A.
Published: September 2024

This article considers the problem of warehouse automation, offers its solutions based on the analysis of existing approaches and techniques in the field of unmanned material handling machines. The structural scheme of forklift truck and turning mechanism, which becomes the basis for modernization of the machine, is described in detail. The description of the mechanism operation and the way of its control is given, and also the hydraulic scheme of the machine units control is displayed taking into account the improvement of the forklift design, the principle of the mechanism operation and the hydraulic scheme is described, the comparative analysis of the chosen way of warehouse automation in relation to other existing ones is formulated, the conclusions about the corresponding changes in the forklift design are presented in the conclusion, the image of the operator's console of the automated forklift is given.
COMPOSITION OF EIGHT-LINK CLOSED KINEMATIC CHAINS OF MOVING LINKS OF THE SIXTH SUBFAMILY OF THE FIRST FAMILY
Authors: Vovkotrub V. V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the universal structural system of Professor L. T. Dvornikov for closed kinematic chains of moving links of the first family. The features of its application to determine the composition of eight-link closed kinematic chains of moving links of the sixth subfamily of the first family are shown. A structural formula of mobility is given for closed kinematic chains of moving links of the sixth subfamily of the first family. A complete set of solutions has been found that describes the organization of closed kinematic chains of moving links of the sixth subfamily of the first family with the complexity of the basic chain link equal to three, the mobility of the chain equal to six and the total number of chain links equal to eight. Combinations of kinematic pairs and links have been obtained, which are the foundation for constructing structural diagrams of eight-link closed kinematic chains of moving links of the sixth subfamily of the first family of the third type, allowing one to find all the structural diagrams of these chains according to the given parameters. Using a specific example, the procedure for applying the solutions found for the synthesis of structural diagrams of eight-link closed kinematic chains of moving links of the sixth subfamily of the first family is shown.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESEARCH OF THERMAL PROCESSES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Bezhyazichniy V. F.
Published: September 2024

A method for calculating the temperature in the surface layer of the work-piece with a blade tool is described, taking into account the volumetric heat source in the cutting zone, on the basis of which it is proposed to calculate the processing errors caused by thermal effects on the cutting tool and the workpiece. The results of calculations of the temperature in the surface layer of the part material are compared when calculating taking into account flat and volumetric heat sources. The peculiarity of the proposed method for determining the temperature in the surface layer of the workpiece is that the physical and mechanical properties of the processed and tool materials, processing modes, dimensions of the workpiece and cutting tool, geometry of the cutting part of the tool are taken into account. The calculations take into account the change in the intensity of volumetric heat flows in the cutting zone according to their height.
ON THE EFFECT OF THE DURATION OF THE EMITTED PULSE ON THE DGS-DIAGRAM OF THE NORMAL PROBE
Authors: Danilov V. N.
Published: September 2024

The influence of the pulsed nature of the signal of various durations emitted during ultrasonic monitoring on the DGS-diagram of a normal probe with a round piezoplate using an approximate far field formula for the distance to the probe over three near fields has been studied by computer modeling. For a distance of up to one and a half near fields, a scalar approximation of the integral representation of the pressure on the probe was used when receiving a longitudinal wave reflected from a flat bottom hole for the case of an axis symmetric arrangement of the hole and the probe. In the far field, the influence of the pulsed nature of the signal emitted during ultrasonic monitoring on the DGS-diagram has not been established, and for the distance to the probe of no more than 1,5 near fields, the results of the calculations carried out generally qualitatively confirm the effect of the change in the duration of the emitted pulse on the DGS-diagram, shown in the previously published works of prof. I. N. Ermolov.
CRITERIA FOR THE OPTIMAL MODE OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING BY DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Kosarina E. I. , Demidov A. A. , Suvorov P. V.
Published: September 2024

Theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed criteria for the selection of modes and parameters of digital radiography control. The analysis of the digital image quality showed its dependence on the parameters and control modes, on the value of the signal-to-noise ratio. Analytical information was obtained a relationship linking the size of the defect in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the radiation beam, the size of the focal spot of the radiation source, the parameters of the control circuit and the pixel size of the detector system. The validity of the analytical expression has been confirmed experimentally.
ESTIMATION OF THE AVERAGE GRAIN SIZES IN METAL AND THEIR DISPERSION BY CHANGING THE AMPLITUDES OF BOTTOM ECHOES OF LONGITUDINAL WAVES WITH A DIFFERENT NUMBER OF REFLECTIONS
Authors: Danilov V. N. , Ushakov V. M.
Published: September 2024

A model (algorithm) has been developed for estimating the average size of a metal grain and the spread of its magnitude (standard deviation) according to experimental values of attenuation coefficients due to scattering of longitudinal waves on grains determined by the ratio of the amplitudes of bottom echoes (of the first and higher order) at three frequencies using a table of values of the difference between experimental and calculated values of attenuation coefficients. Computer modeling of the pulse amplitude differences of the 1st and 3rd bottom echoes for normal probe models with nominal frequencies of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 MHz and two variants of grain parameters used to test the specified algorithm has been carried out. The results obtained make it possible to choose the optimal operating frequency for metal control by a normal probe based on the estimated value of attenuation of longitudinal waves, determined by the average size of metal grains and the value of its magnitude spread.
THE PROBLEM OF BUILDING DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT FOR RADIO-ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Mikhailov A. N.
Published: September 2024

The reasons leading to the lack of proper diagnostic support for electronic equipment (REE), which is necessary to ensure their proper quality and reliability, are disclosed. Ignoring the issues of creating proper diagnostic support has a negative effect on the organization of production processes, further operation and repair of REE. The reasons for the lack of proper diagnostic support for REA are largely determined by the imperfection of the regulatory and technical base in the form of outdated state standards, the lack of domestic modern hardware and software diagnostic complexes on the Russian market and the availability of opportunities to circumvent the issues of building proper diagnostic support when developing REE. The reasons can be eliminated by creating a set of regulatory and technical documents that take into account the modern development of electronic, computing and measuring technology.
THE TEST SITE FOR OBTAINING SPECIALIZED DIGITAL TWINS OF IMPACT PROJECTILES
Authors: Muzhichek S. M. , Khrulin S. V. , Skrynnikov A. A. , Savenko A. K. , Korzun M. A. , Popov A. M.
Published: September 2024

The authors of the article propose a methodical approach to the development of a test site for obtaining specialized digital twins of impact projectiles (US) at the stage of external ballistics in order to determine the adequacy of the mathematical models obtained earlier at the virtual test site, as well as when using these specialized digital twins in digital systems of initial data in the future. The approach under consideration is based on the radar measurement method, as well as on the technical solutions of the authors, protected by patents of the Russian Federation for the invention. On the basis of these technical solutions, a hardware-software complex has been developed that makes it possible to evaluate the external ballistic characteristics of the US on the trajectory. The implementation of the described method is carried out on a special device for measuring external ballistic characteristics, which makes it possible to obtain and convert the signal reflected from the projectile, process the data and perform an analysis of their reliability. The article describes in detail the implementation of algorithms for determining the area of increased reliable data and compensating for the influence of phase modulation of the reflected radar signal. Using this approach, it is possible to obtain the dependence of the speed of the US on time. The operability of the hardware-software complex has been verified during full-scale tests. The use of the proposed hardware-software complex in the course of ground tests of the RS, as practice shows, makes it possible to improve the quality of the obtained initial data and reduce the cost of testing.
COORDINATED MANAGEMENT OF AIRCRAFT DEPARTURES TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF THEIR MOVEMENT AT TRANSPORT HUB
Authors: Lebedev G. N. , Kananadze S. S. , Malygin V. B.
Published: September 2024

The task is to coordinate the timing of departure from different airports of a large number of aircraft in order to eliminate cases of their dangerous approach in busy transport hub of a group flight. The conflict management function involves reducing the risk of an aircraft colliding with a source of danger to an acceptable level. A conflict situation is any situation involving an aircraft and a source of danger in which existing separation minima may be violated. The formulation of the problem of optimizing the delay time in the departure of aircraft when they approach at transport hubs is formulated and its solution is proposed on the basis of multiplicative convolution according to the criterion of maximum passenger comfort. It is required to form a single criterion for passenger comfort during takeoff and in flight itself, as well as to propose an algorithm for optimizing the departure delay times of a group of aircraft. When assessing comfort, penalty functions for delay in departure, the risk of unsafe approach of ships at transport hubs, and the factor of undesirable maneuvering when changing the flight level and flight speed are taken into account. An algorithm has been developed for the optimal four-alternative assignment of the delay time in the departure of each aircraft, taking into account the parameters of its approach to other aircraft. The examples of calculation and the results of comparing the optimal solution with the known approach are given. A gain has been established in significantly reducing the duration of the “conflict rapprochement”.
AUTOMATED DEFECT DETECTION ON PRODUCT SURFACES BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Vasilev M. E. , Koskin A. V. , Shalimov A. S.
Published: September 2024

This study is devoted to the development and analysis of models for detecting defects on product surfaces using convolutional neural networks, such as YOLOv5 and YOLOv5s-KEB. These models are based on the use of convolutional layers, recurrent layers and attention mechanisms, which allows them to effectively detect various types of defects such as cracks, gaps, pits and scratches. The study compared various models including YOLOv5s, YOLOv5s-KEB and their modifications such as Model A, Model B and Model C. The study found that using k-means generated anchors resulted in significant improvement in inference time and accuracy of defect detection. Other methods for improving models, such as the use of the BiFPN module and the use of the ECA mechanism, were also considered. The results of the study can be useful for developing more efficient and accurate models for detecting defects on product surfaces in the manufacturing industry. They can help improve product quality control and improve product safety and reliability. In addition, the results of the study can be used to create new methods for detecting defects on product surfaces, which can be more efficient and accurate than existing methods.
ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATION SYSTEMS FOR MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF ELECTRONIC COMPUTING EQUIPMENT
Authors: Sheshukova A. V. , Bogomolnaya G. V. , Bedarev I. A. , Berberova M. A.
Published: September 2024

The subject area of maintenance and repair (MRO) of electronic computer equipment (ECT) is described. The study provides a rationale for the creation of a new software product. The work presents the MRO process, examines analogues of software products, and describes their shortcomings. The authors emphasize that today there are no available information and analytical systems (IAS) that meet the necessary requirements, namely software for calculating system reliability. Currently, software analogues are aimed at calculating the reliability of pipelines or at the business part of maintenance and repair. Based on the results of the study, a model of a new software product for calculating reliability was proposed. The context and container schemes of the IAS are presented, and the necessary modules are described. The main purpose of the proposed system is to work with electronic devices. It will allow for new research, for example, checking the convergence of existing methods for calculating the residual life. The ability to integrate intelligent methods will speed up the reporting process. The engineer will remain in the role of supervisor.
METHOD OF HIGH-PRECISION NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS DEFUZZIFIERS’ AUTOMATIC CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Morozov S. M.
Published: September 2024

Increasing the precision of neuro-fuzzy approximation systems is considered. Modification of defuzzifier, which allows producing multiple types of approximating functions is presented. RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), maximal error, training time and models’s size are used to evaluate the efficiency of proposed method. Post-processing functions were also considered as a tool to increase approximation precision. Common solution to this problem is a modification of model’s fuzzy sets (membership functions and their number), which significantly increases model’s size and complexity. Given approach uses search algorithms to find the configuration of defuzzification layer, which produces the best approximation precision for a given function and fuzzy sets configuration, since all possible configurations are checked. It is possible to model classic approximation methods and combine them. Possible modifications of presented search algorithms application are described. Search depth can be limited in order to reduce the size of produced model. The computing experiment, aimed at finding best approximation precision was carried out. Presented method provided lowering of RMSE without significant increasing of model’s size. Using Fourier series components in resulting expression can be used for precise periodic functions approximation or for general precision improvement. Using post-processing functions provided significant improvement in precision for multiplication approximation, which proves, that it can be used as another tool to be used to reduce errors in some specific cases.
IMPROVEMENT OF SPECTRAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY IN OPTICAL TRANSPORT NETWORKS
Authors: Boyko A. P. , Kuzina E. I. , Kuzin P. I.
Published: September 2024

Modern optical transport networks are built on the basis of spectral densification technologies with a flexible frequency grid and have the ability to programmatically control optical channels. When designing and operating these networks, routing and spectrum assignment problems for composite optical channels, called light paths, are solved. Existing light path models are mostly descriptive or limited to routing. The set of acceptable light paths is proposed to be formed based on the ratio of optical signal power to noise power in the light path bandwidth for a particular type of signal. A number of optimality criteria for solving the problems of search and distribution of light paths is presented. A mathematical model of a light path is developed, its strict definition of a light path is given and its main properties are formalized to improve the efficiency of spectral resource management in optical transport networks. On the basis of the proposed model it is possible to solve the subproblems of light path routes search taking into account the requirements for non-intersectivity of spectra, contiguity of elementary frequency intervals of each light path, continuity of the spectrum on the whole route.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID NETWORK CONGESTION MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: Abramov G. V. , Glushakov V. E. , Danilov R. V.
Published: September 2024

Constantly growing requirements for the information systems service quality require monitoring of network congestion. The experimental results proved that when using hybrid networks, it is difficult to estimate the network load based on the average time of information delivery due to the presence of a significant scatter of time data. A mathematical model of information transmission in wireless computer networks in the form of a queuing system has been developed. The system identifies the main elements: a data transmission channel, a data frame and a device that transmits data. Analysis of transmission standards allows us to identify the following main transmission modes for modeling: one frame successful transmission; transmitting a frame with an error and repeating the transmission (possibly several times); frame transmission using performance-enhancing technology (Bursting technology is used as an example). Events associated with the transmission of information over the wireless network of one device are considered as monitoring system states under consideration. Packet exchange process was considered to be a homogeneous Markov process with discrete states, continuous time and constant intensities. A mathematical model has been developed based on the state graph of the device-frame-transmission channel system, which allows one to determine the timing characteristics for the previously identified modes. The methods for assessing network congestion based on statistical information during data transmission is proposed. Delivery times are broken down into ranges derived from the simulation. The proportion of packets whose delivery time lies within the selected test range is estimated. To evaluate the results, experimental studies were carried out on a fragment of the hybrid network. Delivery time results for each experiment were divided into four ranges: corresponding to accelerated delivery of fragments, successful delivery on the first, second and third attempts, respectively. Results analysis showed that it is preferable to use the fourth range to assess network congestion. Approximation reliability in this case is 0.85, the correlation coefficient is 0.92. The proposed methodology allows us to estimate network congestion based on testing data with a fairly high degree of reliability.