bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value of a catch-up HPV test in women aged 65 and above: A Danish population-based nonrandomized intervention study
Authors: Tranberg Mette , Petersen Lone Kjeld , Hammer Anne , Elfström Miriam , Blaakær Jan , Jørgensen Susanne Fogh , Bennetsen Mary Holten , Jensen Jørgen Skov , Andersen Berit
Published: July 2023

Background

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) test is replacing cytology as the primary cervical cancer screening test due to superior sensitivity, but in most countries women ≥65 years have never had an HPV test despite they account for around 50% of cervical cancer deaths. We explored the effect of a catch-up HPV test among 65- to 69-year-old women without previous record of HPV-based screening.

Methods and findings

This population-based nonrandomized intervention study (quasi-experimental design) included Danish women aged 65 to 69 with no record of cervical cancer screening in the last ≥5.5 years and no HPV-exit test at age 60 to 64 at the time of study inclusion. Eligible women residing in the Central Denmark Region were invited for HPV screening either by attending clinician-based sampling or requesting a vaginal self-sampling kit (intervention group, n = 11,192). Women residing in the remaining four Danish regions received standard care which was the opportunity to have a cervical cytology collected for whatever reason (reference group, n = 33,387). Main outcome measures were detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) per 1,000 women eligible for the screening offer and the benefit–harm ratio of the intervention and standard practice measured as the number of colposcopies needed to detect one CIN2+ case. The minimum follow-up time was 13 months for all tested women (range: 13 to 25 months). In the intervention group, 6,965 (62.2%) were screened within 12 months from the date of study inclusion and 743 (2.2%) women had a cervical cytology collected in the reference group. The CIN2+ detection was significantly higher in the intervention group (3.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): [2.9, 5.3]; p < 0.001; n = 44/11,192) as compared to the reference group (0.3, 95% CI: [0.2, 0.6]; n = 11/33,387). For the benefit–harm ratio, 11.6 (95% CI: [8.5, 15.8]; p = 0.69; n = 511/44) colposcopies were performed to detect one CIN2+ in the intervention group as compared to 10.1 (95% CI: [5.4, 18.8]; n = 111/11) colposcopies in the reference group. The study design entails a risk of confounding due to the lack of randomization.

Conclusions

The higher CIN2+ detection per 1,000 eligible women in the intervention group supports that a catch-up HPV test could potentially improve cervical cancer prevention in older women. This study informs the current scientific debate as to whether women aged 65 and above should be offered a catch-up HPV test if they never had an HPV test.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04114968.
Ionized alkaline water reduces injury in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis
Authors: Retamiro Karina Miyuki , Nunes Karine Campos , Zani Aline Pinto , Zani Caroline Pinto , Beltran Laiza Bergamasco , Silva Sueli de Oliveira , Garcia Francielle Pelegrin , Ueda-Nakamura Tânia , Bergamasco Rosangela , Nakamura Celso Vataru
Published: July 2023

Ionized water has been reported to contribute to the tissue repair process and wound healing. Water purifiers can generate ionized water by means of activated charcoal with silver and minerals, the main purpose of which are to reduce microbiological and physicochemical contaminants. Moreover, when water is subjected to a magnetic field an organization of water molecules occurs due to the presence of mineral salts. The resulting water is thus more alkaline, which has been shown to be non-toxic to mice and can actually prolong survival. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, caused by obligate uni- and intracellular protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania, that can manifest in the form of skin lesions. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the evolution of disease in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice that received tap water (TW) or ionized alkaline water (IAW). As a control, additional groups of mice receiving TW or IAW were also treated with the antileishmanial miltefosine. All mouse groups received either TW or IAW as drinking water 30 days prior to infection and the groups continued to receive the respective drinking water for 4 weeks, after which the blood and plasma were collected. Biochemical assays of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, urea, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol were performed, in addition to hematology tests. There was a significant decrease in the volume of the lesion for groups that received IAW, in which the ingestion of ionized alkaline water favored the non-evolution of the lesion in the footpads of the animals. The results of the blood count and leukogram tests were within the normal values for BALB/c mice demonstrating that ionized water has no toxic effects on blood factors.
Initial presentation of early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Weman Lauri , Salo Henri , Kuusalo Laura , Huhtakangas Johanna , Kärki Johanna , Vähäsalo Paula , Backström Maria , Sokka-Isler Tuulikki
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To study the joint distribution and clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at the initial presentation in seropositive (anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and/or rheumatoid factor (RF) positive) and negative patients and the effect of duration of symptoms on the clinical picture.

Methods

Data of patients who received reimbursement for DMARDs for newly diagnosed RA in 1/2019 to 9/2021 were extracted from the national databases. Joint counts, presence of symmetrical swelling, other disease activity measures, and patient reported outcomes (PROs) were compared in seropositive and negative patients. Regression analyses were applied to compare clinical variables in patients with duration of symptoms of <3, 3–6, and >6 months, adjusted for age, sex, and seropositivity.

Results

Data of 1816 ACPA and RF-tested patients were included. Symmetrical swelling was present in 75% of patients. Seronegativeversuspositive patients had higher value for all disease activity measures and PROs including median swollen joint count (SJC46 10versus5) and DAS28 (4.7versus3.7), (p<0.001). Patients diagnosed in <3 months had higher median pain VAS (62versus52 and 50, p<0.001) and HAQ (1.1versus0.9 and 0.75, p = 0.002) compared to those with a duration of symptoms of 3–6 and >6 months. Patients diagnosed >6 months were ACPA-positive more frequently (77%versus70% in other groups, p = 0.045).

Conclusion

Incident RA presents mainly as symmetric arthritis. Seronegative patients have higher disease burden at the initial presentation. Patients experiencing more severe pain and decreased functional ability are diagnosed earlier, regardless of ACPA- status.
Evaluation of an onco-diet on body composition and inflammatory status of dogs with mammary tumor—Pilot study
Authors: Bonder Brana S. A. , Teixeira Fabio A. , Porsani Mariana Y. H. , Gonçales Lucas A. , Nagashima Julio K. , de-Oliveira Clair M. , Balieiro Julio C. C. , Pfrimer Karina , Massoco Cristina de O. , Fantoni Denise T. , Pontieri Cristiana F. F. , Brunetto Marcio Antonio
Published: July 2023

A high-protein hypercaloric diet enriched with glutamine and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was called an onco-diet. The goal was to verify the modulation of the inflammatory response and body composition of female dogs with mammary tumor after mastectomy, during onco-diet consumption, using a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. Six bitches (average age of 8.6 years) were allocated into Control Group—diet without glutamine, EPA and DHA supplementation; and six bitches (10.0 years) were allocated into Test—diet enriched with glutamine and omega-3. Serum measurements of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IGF-1, C-reactive protein and determination of body composition were performed at pre- and post-surgical times. Statistical tests were used to compare the nutrient intake and dietary effects on inflammatory variables between the diets. No differences in concentrations of different cytokines (p>0.05) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.51) were observed between the groups. The test group had a higher concentration of IGF-1 (p<0.05), higher percentage of muscle mass (p<0.01) and lower body fat (p<0.01), but the difference was present from initial and throughout the study. Onco-diet, enriched with glutamine and omega-3, in the amounts evaluated in this study, was not sufficient to modulate the inflammation and body composition of female dogs with mammary tumors submitted to unilateral mastectomy.
Predictors of diarrhea among children under 24 months in Nepal: A multilevel analysis of multiple indicator cluster survey 2019
Authors: Thapa Bipin , Sapkota Suman , Hu Yifei
Published: July 2023

Background

Diarrhea has remained an unmet challenge in global child health. Its severity may be worse than reported in resource-limited settings. Understanding changing epidemiology is critical to combat diarrheal morbidity. Therefore, this study aimed to understand factors associated with diarrhea among under two years children in Nepal.

Methods

A total of 2,348 samples from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 were used to estimate the significant child, maternal, household and external environmental predictors of diarrhea using multilevel analysis.

Results

The prevalence of diarrhea was 11.9% (95% CI: 10.2%-13.6%). Children residing in Koshi Province [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio): 2.23, 95% CI: 1.22–4.08], Karnali Province (AOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.11–4.70), and Sudurpaschim Province (AOR: 4.49, 95% CI: 2.39–8.42) were at higher risk of diarrhea. Children aged 7–23 months (AOR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10–2.20), children with ARI symptoms (AOR: 4.14, 95% CI: 2.21–7.72) and children whose mothers had no access to prenatal care (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01–3.45) had a higher risk of diarrhea. Children from below the richest household wealth group (AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.01–3.08) and those from households practicing open defecation, with unimproved or limited sanitation facilities (AOR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.09–2.11) were more likely to have diarrhea.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the need for public health policy-makers to improve sanitation facilities, especially focusing on poor households from Karnali and Sudurpaschim Provinces practicing open defecation to protect the children from the life risk of diarrhea in Nepal.
Physician experiences with and perceptions of risk evaluation and mitigation strategy programs with elements to assure safe use
Authors: Sarpatwari Ameet , Brown Beatrice L. , McGraw Sarah A. , Dejene Sara Z. , Abdurrob Abdurrahman , Kesselheim Aaron S.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Amendments Act of 2007 authorized the FDA to require risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) programs for drugs with important safety concerns. REMS can have elements to assure safe use (ETASU), such as patient registries, dispensing restrictions, and physician training and certification requirements. We aimed to understand physician experiences with and perceptions of a selection of ETASU REMS.

Methods

Physicians prescribing 1 of 4 ETASU REMS-covered drugs: natalizumab, riociguat, sodium oxybate, and vigabatrin.

Study design

Descriptive phenomenological study based on semi-structured phone interviews.

Data collection/Extraction methods

Qualitative content analysis to summarize physician responses to open-ended questions.

Results

Of 31 physicians (14 female), 6 prescribed riociguat, 6 vigabatrin, 7 sodium oxybate, and 12 natalizumab (5 for Crohn’s disease, 7 for multiple sclerosis), most demonstrated good understanding of the rationale for and requirements of the ETASU REMS but believed that the programs had limited effect on clinical practice. Some physicians reported that the ETASU REMS made them more comfortable with prescribing covered drugs due to heightened oversight, facilitated discussions about treatment, and were likely more beneficial for non-specialists. Concerns were raised about the administrative effort needed to comply with the programs and the potential misuse of patient health information transmitted to manufacturers.

Conclusions

Physicians are generally aware of ETASU REMS and get reassurance from the additional oversight, but the programs can be better integrated into clinical workflows and can be designed to better protect patient health information.
Diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for orbital cellulitis: A systematic review
Authors: Anwar Mohammed Rashidul , Mahant Sanjay , Agbaje-Ojo Toni , Mahood Quenby , Borkhoff Cornelia M. , Parkin Patricia C. , Gill Peter J.
Published: July 2023

Background

Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are inflammatory conditions of the eye that can be difficult to distinguish using clinical examination alone. Computer tomography (CT) scans are often used to differentiate these two infections and to evaluate for complications. Orbital ultrasound (US) could be used as a diagnostic tool to supplement or replace CT scans as the main diagnostic modality. No prior systematic review has evaluated the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of ultrasound compared to cross-sectional imaging.

Objective

To conduct a systematic review of studies evaluating the DTA of orbital ultrasound compared with cross-sectional imaging, to diagnose orbital cellulitis.

Methods

MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 10, 2022. All study types were included that enrolled patients of any age with suspected or diagnosed orbital cellulitis who underwent ultrasound and a diagnostic reference standard (i.e., CT or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Two authors screened titles/abstracts for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.

Results

Of the 3548 studies identified, 20 were included: 3 cohort studies and 17 case reports/series. None of the cohort studies directly compared the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound with CT or MRI, and all had high risk of bias. Among the 46 participants, diagnostic findings were interpretable in 18 (39%) cases which reported 100% accuracy. We were unable to calculate sensitivity and specificity due to limited data. In the descriptive analysis of the case reports, ultrasound was able to diagnose orbital cellulitis in most (n = 21/23) cases.

Conclusion

Few studies have evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of orbital ultrasound for orbital cellulitis. The limited evidence based on low quality studies suggests that ultrasound may provide helpful diagnostic information to differentiate orbital inflammation. Future research should focus studies to determine the accuracy of orbital US and potentially reduce unnecessary exposure to radiation.
Rhizosphere soil properties of waxy sorghum under different row ratio configurations in waxy sorghum-soybean intercropping systems
Authors: Shao Mingbo , Wang Can , Zhou Lingbo , Peng Fangli , Zhang Guobing , Gao Jie , Chen Siyu , Zhao Qiang
Published: July 2023

To overcome the continuous planting obstacle and promote the sustainable production of waxy sorghum, a two-years field experiment was performed to determine the responses of waxy sorghum rhizosphere soil properties to different row ratio configurations in waxy sorghum-soybean intercropping systems. The treatments included five row ratio configurations, which were two rows of waxy sorghum intercropped with one row of soybean (2W1S), two rows of waxy sorghum intercropped with two rows of soybean (2W2S), three rows of waxy sorghum intercropped with one row of soybean (3W1S), three rows of waxy sorghum intercropped with two rows of soybean (3W2S), and three rows of waxy sorghum intercropped with three rows of soybean (3W3S), and sole cropping waxy sorghum (SW) was used as control. The nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbes of waxy sorghum rhizosphere soil were investigated at the jointing, anthesis, and maturity stages. Results showed that rhizosphere soil properties of waxy sorghum were significantly affected by row ratio configurations of waxy sorghum intercropped soybean. Among all treatments, the performances of rhizosphere soil nutrients contents, enzymes activities, and microbes contents were 2W1S > 3W1S > 3W2S > 3W3S > 2W2S > SW. Compared to SW treatment, the 2W1S treatment increased the organic matter, total N, total P, total K, gram-negative bacteria phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), and gram-positive bacteria PLFAs contents and catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and urease activities by 20.86%-25.67%, 34.33%-70.05%, 23.98%-33.83%, 44.12%-81.86%, 74.87%-194.32%, 81.59–136.59%, 91.44%-114.07%, 85.35%-146.91%, and 36.32%-63.94%, respectively. Likewise, the available N, available P, available K, total PLFAs, fungus PLFAs, actinomycetes PLFAs, and bacteria PLFAs contents under the 2W1S treatment were 1.53–2.41, 1.32–1.89, 1.82–2.05, 1.96–2.91, 3.59–4.44, 9.11–12.56, and 1.81–2.71 times than those of SW treatment, respectively. Further, the determining factors of soil microbes were total K, catalase, and polyphenol oxidase for total microbes, bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria, total P and available K for fungus, available N, available K, and polyphenol oxidase for actinomycetes, and total K and polyphenol oxidase for gram-positive bacteria. In conclusion, the 2W1S treatment was the optimal row ratio configuration of waxy sorghum intercropped with soybean, which can improve the rhizosphere soil quality and promote the sustainable production of waxy sorghum.
Development and initial pilot validation of a treatment fidelity instrument for family-based interoceptive exposure for adolescents with low-weight eating disorders
Authors: Peyser Deena , Costello Kayla , Sysko Robyn , Schulz Kurt , Hildebrandt Tom
Published: July 2023

Background

This pilot study outlines the development and psychometric evaluation of a therapist adherence coding measure for a novel treatment, Family-Based Treatment Interoceptive Exposure (FBT-IE).

Methods

The IE Adherence Coding Framework (IE-ACF) was developed from the FBT-IE Manual using an iterative process. Items on the IE-ACF were coded by two independent coders as either present or absent with therapists considered adherent if both independent coders coded the item as “present.” Videotaped sessions of FBT-IE of 30 adolescents with low-weight eating disorders (DSM-5 typical/atypical anorexia nervosa) and their families were coded. Participants received the FBT-IE intervention as part of a randomized controlled trial.

Results

Seventy FBT-IE videos were coded. The IE-ACF identified a mean (SD) rating of 80% (±5%) therapist adherence to the protocol across the six-session treatment, with a per item adherence ranging from 36–100%. Two independent coders demonstrated moderate to almost perfect inter-rater reliability (κ range 0.78–0.96) across the sessions.

Conclusion

IE-ACF measured therapist adherence to our novel FBT-IE treatment for adolescents with low-weight eating disorders. Through this study, we demonstrated that 1) our therapists were adherent to the FBT-IE manual in the context of an ongoing clinical trial and 2) that independent coders reliably coded sessions using our novel IE-ACF.
Hepatitis C (HCV) among Black and Latino sexual minority men (SMM) in the Southern United States: Protocol of a prospective cohort epidemiological study
Authors: Ogunbajo Adedotun , Brooks Mitchell , Oke Temitope , Martinez Omar , Latkin Carl , Myers Kirk , Hickson DeMarc A.
Published: July 2023

Background

Sexual minority men (SMM) who engage in condomless anal sex and injection drug use are at increased risk for viral Hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Additionally, studies have found racial disparities in HCV cases across the United States. However, very few epidemiological studies have examined factors associated with HCV infection in HIV-negative Black and Latino SMM. This paper describes the rationale, design, and methodology of a prospective epidemiological study to quantify the HCV prevalence and incidence and investigate the individual and environmental-level predictors of HCV infection among HIV-negative, Black and Latino SMM in the Southern U.S.

Methods

Beginning in September 2021, 400 Black and Latino SMM, aged 18 years and above, will be identified, recruited and retained over 12-months of follow-up from two study sites: greater Washington, DC and Dallas, TX areas. After written informed consent, participants will undergo integrated HIV/STI testing, including HCV, HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. Subsequently, participants will complete a quantitative survey—including a social and sexual network inventory—and an exit interview to review test results and confirm participants’ contact information. Individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors will be assessed at baseline and follow-up visits (6 and 12 months). The primary outcomes are HCV prevalence and incidence. Secondary outcomes are sexual behavior, substance use, and psychosocial health.

Results

To date (March 2023) a total of 162 participants have completed baseline visits at the DC study site and 161 participants have completed baseline visits at the Texas study site.

Conclusion

This study has several implications that will directly affect the health and wellness of Black and Latino SMM. Specifically, our results will inform more-focused HCV clinical guidelines (i.e., effective strategies for HCV screening among Black/Latino SMM), intervention development and other prevention and treatment activities and development of patient assistance programs for the treatment of HCV among uninsured persons, especially in Deep South, that have yet to expand Medicaid.
Period shaming behavior among male students in Luang Prabang Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Inthaphatha Souphalak , Isin-Xiong Leyla , Louangpradith Viengsakhone , Xiong Valee , Xaitengcha Vue , Phengsavanh Alongkone , Nishino Kimihiro , Hamajima Nobuyuki , Yamamoto Eiko
Published: July 2023

Period shaming is defined as any negative and/or disrespectful behavior in relation to the menstrual cycle and menstruating girls. It is suggested that period shaming may limit girls’ potential and ability to fully participate in school and community activities. This study aims to examine the prevalence and factors associated with period shaming among male students in Luang Prabang Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted during November 19–27, 2020. This study included 1,232 male students from secondary school grade 9 to 12 in Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR. Informed consent was obtained from the participants, parents/guardians, and teachers prior to data collection. The data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression was employed to examine factors associated with period shaming behavior among male students. The mean age of the participants was 16.4 years old. Of all the male students, 18.8% admitted that they had shamed girls during their menstruation at least once. Of those who committed period shaming, they shamed girls some of the times (63.2%). Male students who had consumed alcohol during the last month before the data collection day (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.32–2.55, P<0.001), had heard of menstruation (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.27–2.44, P<0.001), and those who had attended activities/classes about sexual reproductive health (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.29–2.78, P<0.01), were significantly associated with period shaming behavior. In conclusion, a single focus on providing biological health education may not be enough to address menstrual stigmatization and taboos. The school curriculum should integrate other life skill education with reproductive health, such as respect and gender equality, to encourage behavioral changes among male students, to address menstrual stigma and to support and empower girls’ menstrual health at school and in the community.
In children’s eyes: Historical and ethnographic value of child perspectives in 1960s South Korean cinema
Authors: An Ji-yoon
Published: July 2023

Child protagonists have been relatively uncommon in Korean cinema. This article, however, draws attention to two films from 1965 that both feature child protagonists: Sorrow Even up in Heaven (Kim) and The DMZ (Park). The article’s interest in these two films is twofold, found both in and beyond the diegesis. On a diegetic level, the emphasis on child perspectives plays a crucial function in refraining serious fictional narratives from following an adult’s expected (and melodramatic) narrative development. Such a pattern not only offers a creative glimpse into the world of children but also becomes a means through which filmmakers tactfully avoided the intensifying censorship of 1960s Korea. And yet, the filmmakers’ subtle criticisms of society, though unspoken in the diegesis, are almost osmotically imbued in the highly sociopolitical settings of the narratives. Thus, the resulting juxtaposition (and paradoxical discrepancy) between the settings and the children’s obliviousness become crucial in allowing viewers – at least contemporary ones – to recognize the unspoken social and political issues of the 1960s. Beyond the diegesis, the child is also crucial in having provided an opportunity to capture sensitive environments of the 1960s through its dedication to child perspectives that created a documentary-like realism. Thus, I argue the role of the child in these films to be not only a tool by which artists delicately avoided political criticism in the 1960s but also a vehicle that enabled rare archives into a forgotten past.
Asian Cinema and the Use of Space: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Lilian Chee and Edna Lim (eds) (2018)
Authors: Chow Pei-Sze
Published: July 2023

Review of: Asian Cinema and the Use of Space: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Lilian Chee and Edna Lim (eds) (2018)

New York and London: Routledge, 268 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-13854-904-3, p/bk, £42.99
El periodismo especializado ante el obstruccionismo climático. El caso de Maldito Clima
Authors: Fernández-Castrillo Carolina , Magallón-Rosa Raúl
Published: July 2023

Esta investigación aborda la contribución del proyecto periodístico Maldito Clima a la lucha contra la desinformación y el planteamiento de nuevas estrategias comunicativas para combatir el obstruccionismo climático desde el periodismo ambiental. El objetivo es revisar el papel del periodista especializado frente a las principales narrativas de desinformación relacionadas con la crisis climática. A través de una combinación de metodologías cuantitativas (análisis de redes sociales y de verificaciones) y cualitativas (entrevistas personales), se busca reconocer los patrones y estructuras de verificación, las tipologías de desinformaciones y los procedimientos para identificar las narrativas y actores comunes en la difusión de contenidos falsos sobre el cambio climático. La creciente preocupación de la ciudadanía por este tema y el alto índice de escepticismo y obstruccionismo requieren una actualización de la práctica periodística en la cobertura de las cuestiones medioambientales. La revisión del estado de la cuestión, el trabajo de campo y la observación de los procesos de difusión y fact-checking realizados en el primer semestre de vida del nuevo proyecto de la Fundación Maldita.es nos permitirá extraer una serie de conclusiones para elaborar un decálogo de buenas prácticas periodísticas frente al inaccionismo y el obstruccionismo climático.
“Me comí un anuncio”: Análisis de las percepciones de los menores chilenos sobre el contenido comercial en TikTok
Authors: Feijoo Beatriz , Pavez Isabel , Benavides Cristóbal
Published: July 2023

En un contexto de alta digitalización de la infancia, la publicidad en redes sociales se convierte en emplazamientos ideales para que las marcas y anunciantes puedan salir al encuentro de este perfil de audiencia. Sin embargo, en el debate no se ha dado espacio a cómo menores perciben estas estrategias publicitarias. Por ello, este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar cualitativamente los discursos relacionados a la experiencia del uso de TikTok con foco en la publicidad. Para ello se realizaron 32 entrevistas en profundidad a menores entre 11 y 14 años que son usuarios de esta plataforma en Santiago, Chile. Los resultados apuntan a que la plataforma es percibida como un espacio de entretenimiento especialmente para el segmento de niños y jóvenes. Respecto a la publicidad, los participantes concuerdan en que, si bien puede ser intrusiva y no necesariamente adecuada a sus intereses, si cumple las reglas de la aplicación -breve, con humor, y música- entonces es tolerada e incluso bienvenida por los usuarios. Sin embargo, esto no sucede cuando hay una intención publicitaria encubierta, engañosa o repetitiva. A estos elementos se suman el control que pueden ejercer sobre el avisaje y la posibilidad de interacción con la marca.
Evaluación de recursos digitales en abierto para la competencia digital y mediática desde una perspectiva educomunicativa
Authors: Mellado-Moreno Pedro-C. , Bernal-Bravo César
Published: July 2023

La creación y uso de Recursos Educativos Digitales en Abierto emerge como uno de los elementos prioritarios de la Competencia Digital Docente en su vertiente digital y mediática, fundamental para la construcción y divulgación de conocimiento fiable frente a la expansión de las noticias falsas. Este trabajo propone y describe un proceso de evaluación educomunicativa de este tipo de recursos dirigidos a la formación de estudiantes y profesorado en Competencia Digital Docente en el ámbito de la educación superior. Para ello se ha elaborado un cuestionario propio de escala tipo Likert (CEREDA) que se ha mostrado fiable a la hora de evaluar recursos digitales. Los resultados informan de una validación del cuestionario y de los recursos evaluados, estableciendo asociaciones que indican las cualidades que debe reunir los recursos digitales para ser considerados como innovadores, además de hallar diferencias significativas entre profesorado y alumnado en las percepciones que manifiestan sobre el nivel de accesibilidad de los recursos creados y evaluados.
La comunicación de la agenda sostenible de las energéticas en las redes sociales
Authors: Paniagua-Rojano Francisco-Javier , Durán-Mañes Ángeles
Published: July 2023

El objeto de estudio de esta investigación es analizar el papel de la comunicación de las compañías energéticas en las redes sociales, especialmente en construcción de su agenda medioambiental en estos canales y qué narrativas utilizan para ello. Se propone aplicar la técnica del análisis de contenido en las 1.000 publicaciones más relevantes de cada empresa en Twitter, Facebook e Instagram, utilizando para la obtención de la muestra la herramienta Fanpagekarma. El estudio de las publicaciones descargadas se complementa con un examen cualitativo de las estrategias seguidas, los formatos más utilizados y los temas que dominan la agenda de estas entidades en cada canal digital y comparar sus coincidencias en los tres canales estudiados. Las palabras clave que más presencia tienen en las cuentas oficiales de las compañías energéticas en las redes sociales analizadas son renovables, transición energética, sostenibilidad y energía. Aunque no se observan diferencias notables, según qué red social, en cada canal los temas prioritarios no siempre coinciden en visibilidad o prioridad.
La Realidad Aumentada como herramienta turística. Caso de estudio de la aplicación CulturAR de Priego de Córdoba
Authors: Expósito-Barea Milagros , Navarrete-Cardero Luis
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo se basa en el estudio y análisis de la aplicación para teléfonos móviles CulturAR de Priego de Córdoba que permite al visitante, a través de la Realidad Aumentada, conocer las rutas y puntos de interés turísticos más relevantes del municipio. El objetivo principal es analizar y describir la herramienta tecnológica y su viabilidad en espacios turísticos. La metodología para esta investigación es eminentemente comparativa y descriptiva a través de un estudio de caso y siguiendo el método de inspección denominado recorrido cognitivo o Walkthrough Method, al ser una nueva herramienta digital. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que el uso de la Realidad Aumentada aplicada al contexto turístico ofrece nuevas y variadas posibilidades para que los lugares visitados sean más accesibles, interesantes y de mayor calidad para los usuarios al ofrecer gran cantidad de información en tiempo real sobre el lugar que se visita de una forma más lúdica e innovadora que el modelo tradicional. Del mismo modo, constituye una excelente herramienta para el impulso del turismo cultural basada en vivir una enriquecedora experiencia a través de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC).
El cine de no ficción en Andalucía: revisión y análisis de la producción contemporánea de largometrajes cinematográficos documentales (2018-2022)
Authors: Feria-Sánchez Juan-José
Published: July 2023

El cine de no ficción se encuentra en una situación delicada con relación a la industria cinematográfica. Su carácter actual, marcado por la hibridación en el panorama mediático y su mirada histórica hacia la periferia, lo sitúan generalmente en los márgenes de la producción cinematográfica. Esta investigación pretende ofrecer una cartografía del panorama de producción de cine de no ficción, tomando como ámbito de estudio la industria cinematográfica andaluza. A través de operaciones metodológicas cualitativas y cuantitativas se revisan y analizan las características y aspectos de la producción cinematográfica de no ficción en Andalucía, durante el periodo de 2018-2022. La finalidad de este estudio es caracterizar la producción de cine de no ficción desde una perspectiva industrial, y mostrar sus implicaciones en la industria cinematográfica andaluza extrayendo tendencias y nodos de producción. Con ello se busca aportar un estudio relevante y original a la escasa literatura científica sobre el cine de no ficción en Andalucía que pueda servir de base para el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones sobre el cine documental hecho en Andalucía, a partir de su consideración como motor de desarrollo económico y social contemporáneo.
Diseño, realización y postproducción de webdoc
Authors: Jódar-Marín Juan-Ángel , De-la-Torre-Espinosa Mario
Published: July 2023

El desarrollo del webdoc ha sido exponencial en lo que llevamos de siglo XXI, debido tanto al desarrollo y accesibilidad de nuevas herramientas para su ejecución como a un interés creciente por las narrativas interactivas. Asimismo, los estudios académicos se han ido preocupando por su definición y caracterización, aunque han dejado atrás cuestiones prácticas sobre su diseño, realización y postproducción. El presente artículo rastrea lo expuesto al respecto en varias investigaciones previas y plantea técnicas de escritura de guion, estrategias de diseño de plan de rodaje, y analiza la realización y postproducción de webdoc.
Prevalence of mastitis in dairy animals in Indonesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nuraini Dian Meididewi Nuraini , Andityas Morsid , Sukon Peerapol , Phuektes Patchara
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim: Mastitis is an important disease that can reduce milk production and farmer income as well as negatively affect human health. This study aimed to summarize dairy mastitis in Indonesia, both subclinical mastitis (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CM), and its prevalence in different provinces, the diagnostic methods, and the animal species.

Materials and Methods: Relevant studies on mastitis in dairy animals in Indonesia were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Garuda. The title and abstract were screened for the eligibility of the studies. The full text of the selected studies was assessed and the data were extracted for analysis. To determine the pooled estimate of the prevalence of mastitis, a random-effects model was performed using the “Meta” and “Metaphor” packages in the R software version 4.2.2. The heterogeneity of several characteristics (mastitis type, provinces, animal species, and diagnostic methods) was evaluated through subgroup meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was conducted to assess the trend of mastitis prevalence reports over time. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and a funnel plot.

Results: A total of 735 studies were retrieved for the title and abstract screening, which resulted in the final selection of 37 studies with a total of 6050 samples for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of mastitis prevalence in dairy animals in Indonesia was 59.44% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.39%–66.49%). Based on mastitis type, SCM had a significantly higher prevalence than CM (58.24% [95% CI, 51.26%–65.23%] vs. 3.31% [95% CI, 1.42%–5.19%]). No significant difference was observed in the analysis of other subgroups. Among provinces, Central Java had the highest prevalence (66.62% [95% CI, 49.37%–83.87%]), whereas Yogyakarta had the lowest (41.77% [95% CI, 14.96%–68.58%]). Based on animal species, cow and goat had a prevalence of 63.42% (95% CI, 55.97%–70.86%) and 44.96% (95% CI, 28.26%–61.66%), respectively. Based on the diagnostic method, the California mastitis test resulted in 60.08% (95% CI, 52.11%–68.06%) and the Institut Pertanian Bogor test, 56.00% (95% CI, 41.20%–70.81%). No significant change in the prevalence of mastitis in Indonesia was observed from 2003 to 2022.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the pooled estimate of mastitis prevalence in dairy animals in Indonesia is >50%. Based on subgroup analysis, SCM had a higher prevalence than CM; however, the prevalence between provinces, detection methods, and animal species in the 2003–2022 periods was not significantly different. A mastitis control strategy needs to be developed to reduce the prevalence of mastitis and further loss in milk production.

Keywords: animals, cow, Indonesia, subclinical mastitis.
Clinical influence of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on immunonutritional status in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Lee Soohyeon , Kang Dong Hyun , Ahn Tae Sung , Jo Dong Hee , Kim Eunhyeon , Baek Moo Jun
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Cancer patients receiving various anti-cancer treatments commonly experience malnutrition, and many studies have reported that nutritional status is associated with survival and prognosis. Although standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is commonly used in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer owing to its tumor-downsizing and downstaging effects, there is a lack of research on the impact of patients’ nutritional status on the efficacy of neoadjuvant CRT.Methods: We investigated the immunonutritional markers before and after long-course neoadjuvant CRT in 131 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer from March 2013 to March 2022.Results: We divided the patients into two groups: a low prognostic nutritional index (PNI) with a cutoff value of 50.92, and a high PNI. In both groups, significant decreases in lymphocyte count and PNI and an increase in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were observed before and after CRT (P<0.001). Furthermore, a higher proportion of patients experienced adverse effects in the low PNI group than in the high PNI group (76.6% in low PNI vs. 54.8% in high PNI, P=0.013). The most commonly reported CRT-induced adverse effect was lower gastrointestinal tract toxicity.Conclusion: By measuring the PNI and NLR without additional tests prior to starting neoadjuvant CRT in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, it is possible to predict the risk of acute adverse effects caused by CRT. Additionally, providing external nutritional support to reduce the immunonutritional changes that occur during CRT can decrease side effects and potentially increase treatment compliance.
Impact of Nrf2 overexpression on cholangiocarcinoma treatment and clinical prognosis
Authors: Lee Huisong , Min Seog Ki , Cho Min-Sun , Lee Hyeon Kook
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Nrf2 regulates antioxidant protein expression and protects against drug toxicity and oxidative stress, whereas Keap1 controls Nrf2 activity. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway affects the prognosis of various cancers, however, its effect on cholangiocarcinoma chemoresistance and prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway affects chemoresistance and prognosis of distal cholangiocarcinoma.Methods: We investigated the correlation between Nrf2 and Keap1 expression and clinical characteristics and prognosis in 91 patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma who underwent curative surgery. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin blocks using primary antibodies against Nrf2 and Keap1. The relationship between Keap1 and Nrf2 protein expression levels, and clinical characteristics and prognosis was examined.Results: Nrf2 expression was not associated with overall survival in patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.994). Among patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, the Nrf2 low expression group had a significantly longer median overall survival than the Nrf2 high expression group in Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (P=0.019). In multivariate analysis, high expression of Nrf2 was confirmed as an independent poor prognostic factor in the group receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.041).Conclusion: This study suggests that Nrf2 overexpression reduces the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in distal cholangiocarcinoma.
Is bone mineral density a prognostic factor in postmenopausal women with luminal A breast cancer?
Authors: Lee Seungju , Kim Hyun Yul , Jung Youn Joo , Kang Seok-Kyung , Kim Jee Yeon , Yun Mi Sook
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Several studies are concerned about the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, but it is controversial. Therefore, we evaluated whether BMD might be a risk factor for recurrences, or metastases in menopausal luminal A breast cancer patients.Methods: In this retrospective study, data of 348 patients with luminal A breast cancer who received treatment at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital between 2012 and 2016 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: normal BMD and low BMD including osteopenia or osteoporosis in preoperative examination. Patients were also divided into three groups according to BMD changes: no change in BMD; improvement in BMD, and deterioration in BMD. Events were defined as recurrence, occurrence of contralateral breast cancer, and metastasis to any other organ.Results: Preoperative examination revealed normal BMD in 129 of 348 patients and low BMD in 219 patients. During a median follow-up period of 78 months, only 14 patients (4.0%) experienced recurrences, distant metastases, or occurrences of contralateral breast cancer. Five-year disease-free survival rate was 98.2% for 219 patients with low BMD and 95.0% for 129 patients with normal BMD (P=0.33). Disease-free survival at 5 years was 97.0% for the no change in the BMD group, 94.6% for the BMD improvement group, and 98.4% for the BMD deterioration group (P=0.79).Conclusion: In this study, BMD had no statistically significant associations on recurrences, metastases, or incidences of contralateral breast cancer in postmenopausal patients with luminal A breast cancer.
Pancreatic metastasis from papillary thyroid cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Song Sang Hwa , Hur Young Hoe , Cho Chol Kyoon , Koh Yang Seok , Park Eun Kyu , Kim Hee Joon , Shin Sang Hoon , Yu Sung Yeol , Oh Chae Yung
Published: July 2023

Pancreatic metastasis from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is extremely rare; only 18 cases have been reported in the literature. However, several reviews have highlighted similar characteristics between metastatic and primary pancreatic tumors. The patient was a 51-year-old male with a history of total thyroidectomy, modified radical neck dissection, and radioactive iodine ablation for PTC in 2014. Nodules suspected of metastasis were found in both lungs on chest computed tomography (CT). However, after 6 months, a follow-up chest CT showed no increase in size; thus, a follow-up observation was planned. Six years after his initial diagnosis, abdominal CT and pancreas magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4.7 cm cystic mass with a 2.5 cm enhancing mural nodule in the pancreas tail. We diagnosed the pancreatic lesion as either metastatic cancer or primary pancreas cancer. The patient underwent distal pancreato-splenectomy. After surgery, the pathological report revealed that the mass was metastatic PTC. Pancreatic metastasis from PTC indicates an advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. However, pancreatectomy can increase the survival rate when the lesion is completely resectable. Therefore, surgical resection should be considered as a treatment for pancreatic metastasis from PTC.
Supra-ampullary duodenectomy in a patient with positive distal resection margin after subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a case report
Authors: Lee Kyung-Goo , Jeong Jin Ho , Joo Jong Eun , Kim Hyun Beom
Published: July 2023

Resection margin involvement after curative intent resection for gastric cancer results in a poor prognosis and deprives the patient of the chance for a cure. Reoperation to achieve an R0 status should guarantee tolerable morbidity and achievement of negative margins. We performed laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with extracorporeal Billroth II reconstruction in a 56-year-old woman with gastric cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Scattered cancer cells were observed in the proximal and distal resection margins on immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin. Two weeks postoperatively, remnant total gastrectomy and supra-ampullary duodenectomy were performed. Before reoperation, percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and angiocatheter placement outside the ampulla of Vater (AoV) via the cystic duct were performed to avoid pancreaticoduodenectomy and to obtain the maximal distal margin. Duodenal transection was performed 1 cm above the AoV. The resected duodenum was 4 cm in length. The patient had no postoperative complications and received adjuvant chemotherapy 1 month after the reoperation.
Novel Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Synthesis, in silico and in vitro Studies
Authors: Ekerendu Effiong E. , Okoro Uchechukwu C. , Eze Cosmas C. , Khanye David S. , Omeje Kingsley O. , Mishra Narendra K. , Ugwu David I.
Published: July 2023

The synthesis of new functionalized linear diaza and triaza phenothiazine and phenoxazines and their in silico and in vitro anti-Alzheimer activity is reported. Fifteen new amide derivatives (8-11 & 13-24) were synthesized by the reactions of phenothiazines/phenoxazine (6 or 12) and various aliphatic and aromatic primary amides (7) in the presence of nickel catalyst and anhydrous potassium carbonate under nitrogen atmosphere. The FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HR-MS spectra of the synthesized compounds were in agreement with the assigned structures. All the 15 new derivatives were screened for their in silico and in vitro anti-Alzheimer’s activity using the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. The results of the in silico experiment showed that most of the synthesized derivatives had good binding energies, binding interaction and bond distances. The most active derivatives in the in silico studies was compounds 18 (-12.5 and -11.5 kcal/mol) against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, respectively. In addition, compound 18 had the best in vitro inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (99.37% and 82.35%). The results of in silico experiment were greatly in agreement with the results of in vitro studies. The structure-activity relationship studies revealed that the phenothiazine derivatives had better in silico and in vitro activities. Furthermore, 2-substitutted phenothiazines had better activity than the unsubstituted phenothiazines. The synthesized compounds showed promising in silico and in vitro activities against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase and as such could be further developed for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.