bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervención cognitivo-conductual en un caso de fobia social y trastornos de angustia con agorafobia
Authors: Perez Nieto Miguel Ángel , Redondo M.
Published: November 2022

Se presenta la intervención en un casoclínico (varón, 28 años) diagnosticadode fobia social y trastorno de angustiacon agorafobia según el DSM-IV-TR(APA, 2000). Se muestra la evaluación,el modelo explicativo y el tratamientocognitivo-conductual seguido, adaptandodistintas técnicas a las característicasdel paciente (diferentes tipos de relajación,reestructuración cognitiva y exposicióngraduada). El tratamiento se presentacomo eficaz según la evaluaciónpre y post-tratamiento y el seguimiento,seis meses, evaluado por el Inventario deSituaciones y Respuestas de Ansiedad–ISRA– (Miguel Tobal y Cano Vindel,1994). Se discute la importancia del controlde los sesgos cognitivos en la eficaciadel tratamiento.
Optimización del proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje en estudiantes con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH)
Authors: Miranda Casas Ana , Soriano Ferrer Manuel , García Castellar Rosa
Published: November 2022

En este trabajo se analiza el bajo rendimientoacadémico en las áreas de lenguajeescrito y matemáticas de los estudiantescon Trastorno por Déficit de Atención conHiperactividad (TDAH), haciendo especialhincapié en la hipótesis dual. Finalmente,se comentan diferentes procedimientosinstruccionales para incrementar el rendimientoacadémico en las distintas áreasinstrumentales.
Las dificultades de aprendizaje y otros trastornos del desarrollo
Authors: García Sánchez Jesús Nicasio
Published: November 2022

En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la perspectiva de las dificultades de aprendizaje en relación con otros trastornos del desarrollo, intentando responder a la pregunta de si las dificultades de aprendizaje son un trastorno o una dificultad como los demás trastornos del desarrollo o si su naturaleza, configuración, evaluación e intervención son claramente diferentes. Para ello, se presentan argumentos en torno a dos tipos de cuestiones, la primera, sobre la conceptualización de las dificultades de aprendizaje y de los trastornos del desarrollo, la segunda, acerca de la evaluación e intervención en los trastornos del desarrollo, y por tanto en las dificultades de aprendizaje. Se defiende la idea de que las dificultades de aprendizaje son un trastorno del desarrollo, pero su naturaleza, profundidad y posibilidades son claramente diferentes. Ello justificaría la provisión de intervenciones especializadas diferenciales, basadas empíricamente, y probablemente también la creación de un doble nivel de servicios, educativos y de otro orden.
Análisis de las teorías implícitas de la inteligencia en alumnos de educación primaria
Authors: Carpintero Molina Elvira , Cabezas Gómez Diana , González Barberá Coral , Fernández-Martín M.P.
Published: November 2022

El estudio analiza las teorías implícitas sobre la inteligencia en una muestra de 80 alumnos de tercer y cuarto curso de Educación Primaria. Para la evaluación de las teorías implícitas se aplica el Cuestionario de Teorías sobre la Inteligencia en Educación Primaria (TIEP). De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, los alumnos presentan una concepción de la inteligencia como una entidad modificable, relacionada con conductas observables y asociada a una concepción de estatus social alto. Asimismo, los datos apuntan hacia el establecimiento de una relación interdependiente entre esfuerzo e inteligencia. Por otro lado, no se encuentran diferencias en las teorías implícitas desarrolladas por los niños en función del sexo, pero sí existen diferencias evidentes en función del curso académico, siendo los alumnos mayores los que presentan una concepción de la inteligencia más madura y adaptada. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio son relevantes a efectos de diseñar planes de intervención encaminados a promover un concepto de la inteligencia más flexible y controlable.
Percepción de sí mismo y autoconcepto en la adolescencia
Authors: Machargo Salvador Julio , Lujan Henriquez Isabel , Lópes Rodriguez Pedro , León Sánchez Elena , Martín Herrero Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

Esta investigación tuvo por objeto conocer las autopercepciones de los adolescentes en aspectos importantes de su personalidad, como competencia y valía personal, seguridad y confianza en sí mismos o relaciones con las personas de su entorno inmediato, especialmente padres e iguales. Para evaluar esas autopercepciones se elaboró un cuestionario, que fue aplicado a una muestra de 1056 adolescentes, de ambos géneros, con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 20 años. Los datos indican que los sujetos de la muestra tienen unas autopercepciones y autovaloraciones altamente positivas en los aspectos mencionados, las cuales se constatan tanto en el conjunto de la muestra como en cada uno de los diferentes subgrupos de la misma. Por otro lado, se han encontrado diferencias significativas de medias entre chicos y chicas y entre los distintos grupos de edad, siendo las chicas y el grupo de menor edad los que manifiestan autopercepciones y autovaloraciones más negativas.
El medio social como estructura psicológic: reflexiones a partir del modelo ecológico de Bronfenbrenner /
Authors: Pérez-Fernández F.
Published: November 2022

El asunto del medio social como estructura psicosocial debiera plantearse desde el ámbito perceptivo, entendiendo en este caso el vocablo percepción en un sentido amplio que englobaría tanto los aspectos endógenos (fisiológicos), como los exógenos (sociológicos). Debe reconocerse que la amplitud de este enfoque bien podría resultar inabarcable, y sin embargo, desde las investigaciones antropológicas llevadas a término por Rivers (1901), tampoco es lícito suponer que sea posible otro tratamiento en la medida que resultaría incompleto en el terreno epistemológico. En este artículo se pretende un posible planteamiento teórico global -y manejable- para el estudio de la estructura psicológica de las las relaciones sociales. Se partirá para ello de las propuestas ecológicas de Urie Bronfenbrenner (1971), al parecer olvidadas en la actualidad, pero no por ello menos interesantes y valederas.
Dimensiones del dolor en pacientes con incapacidad temporal de origen musculoesquelético
Authors: León L. , Abásalo Alacazar L. , Jover Jover J.A. , Redondo M. , Perez Nieto Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2022

La discapacidad debida al dolor constituye uno de los problemas socioeconómicos más importantes de las sociedades industrializadas. Medir de forma adecuada la multidimensionalidad del dolor es fundamental para poder ejercer un abordaje completo de los aspectos biopsicosociales del mismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las dimensiones del dolor en pacientes que se encuentran de baja laboral por enfermedad musculoesquelética. Para ello se utilizó una muestra de 77 sujetos, 55 pacientes (Grupo pacientes) y 22 trabajadores activos sanos (Grupo control). Se analizaron las diferencias entre grupos. Además se realizó una comparación intragrupo de los pacientes por patologías. El instrumento utilizado fue el WHYMPI, versión castellano (Ferrer, González y Manassero, 1993). Los resultados de la comparación entre pacientes y controles mediante el test U de Mann-Whitney muestran: a) en la Sección I existen diferencias significativas en todos los factores excepto el 6, b) en la Sección II no se encontraron diferencias significativas, y c) en la Sección III se encontraron diferencias significativas en los factores 2 y 4. Mediante un análisis de varianza se demostró que no existen diferencias significativas entre las distintas patologías en ninguno de los factores del cuestionario.
Análisis de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia el Transfer (CAT)
Authors: Carpintero Molina Elvira , Beltrán Llera Jesús
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es presentarlas propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionariode Actitudes hacia el Transfer(CAT) elaborado con objeto de disponerde un instrumento que permita comprobarlas actitudes y disposiciones que losalumnos de Enseñanza SecundariaObligatoria manifiestan hacia el procesode transfer. La medida de la motivacióny de la actitud que presenta unalumno hacia una tarea es un indicadorfundamental para la consecuciónde la misma, pues disponer de la capacidadcognitiva adecuada y reconocerla posible similitud entre dos situacionesno indica una consecuencia directae inmediata de transfer entre ambas.Así, son necesarios otros requisitos paraque el proceso se produzca.
Moneda y Nación
Authors: Correa Restrepo Juan Santiago
Published: November 2022

La discusión acerca del tipo de sistema monetario fue una de las controversias más fecundas y de mayores alcances durante el siglo XIX en Colombia. El debate político y las luchas de poder al interior de las élites regionales determinaron las medidas que se tomaron para solucionar las dificultades. La moneda y la política monetaria se convirtieron en un instrumento de política estatal y en una herramienta fundamental de intervención del Estado en la política. La hipótesis central de este trabajo es que la política monetaria constituyó uno de los elementos centrales en la construcción del Estado -como aparato funcional- y de la Nación -como aparato cultural- en la Colombia decimonónica.
Trenes y puertos en Colombia
Authors: Correa Restrepo Juan Santiago
Published: November 2022

Barranquilla, al comienzo del siglo XIX, era un pequeño puerto fluvial prácticamente sin acceso al mar debido a las dificultades que representaban para la navegación los bancos de arena en Bocas de Ceniza; no obstante, para finales del siglo XIX se había convertido en el principal puerto colombiano y la ciudad se había transformado en un centro industrial y comercial dinámico que contaba con una pujante población en la que se destacarían empresarios e inversionistas alemanes, franceses, ingleses y, más tarde, sirios y libaneses. Esta transformación no hubiera sido posible sin la apertura de los puertos satélites en la bahía de Sabanilla, y sin la construcción de una línea férrea entre estos y Barranquilla, cumpliendo simultáneamente las funciones de puerto marítimo y fluvial con un cometido estratégico en el comercio exterior colombiano del siglo XIX. A pesar de haber sido una línea fundamental para la promoción del comercio exterior y para consolidar a Barranquilla como polo de desarrollo del Caribe colombiano, es tal vez una de las rutas menos discutidas y analizadas de la historia ferroviaria nacional. Así mismo, se analiza la articulación del ferrocarril con el desarrollo del sistema de tranvías de la ciudad.
Algoritma Pemrograman Berbasis MCS-51 Untuk Simplifikasi Rangkaian Driver Alphanumeric-Liquid Crystal Display(LCD)
Authors: Son Putut , Susianti Elva
Published: November 2022

Pengkabelan antara mikrokomputer(minimum sistem atau mikrokontroler) dengan LCD alfanumerik secara standar mode 8 bit membutuhkan 11 pin sambungan kabel. Pada chip mikrokomputer yang kompak seperti AT89C2051 yang hanya memiliki 15 pin input-output(I/O) pengkabelan dengan LCD alfanumerik dengan cara standar menjadi tidak efisien. Sebanyak 11 pin dari 15 pin resource I/O dari chip mikrokomputer tersebut akan habis terpakai hanya untuk keperluan tampilan ke LCD. Penggunaan resource I/O untuk LCD dapat dihemat dengan menggunakan KIT I2C berbasis ICPCF8574C dengan konsekwensi timbulnya biaya dan konfigurasi ulang fungsi pin. Namun kendala lain adalah library driver I2C untuk setiap brand mikrokomputer belum tentu tersedia secara default pada compiler standar. Penelitian ini menampilkan alternatif solusi atas permasalahan tersebut dengan memanfaatkan fungsi serial to paralel yang dimiliki IC TTL 74595. Fungsi logika dari IC 74595 diimplementasikan dalam bentuk script program yang berperan sebagai program driver LCD. Uji simulasi membuktikan bahwa algoritma yang merepresentasikan fungsi serial to paralel pada penelitian ini berhasil menampilkan kinerja sistem secara baik dan normal dimana penggunaan resource I/O yang diperlukan hanya 3 pin yang artinya terjadi penghematan sebesar 72.7% dibandingkan jika menggunakan wiring secara standar 11 pin.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI WILAYAH BERBASIS KOMODITAS UNGGULAN DI KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Lestari Devi ayu , Balaka Muh. Yani , Tamburaka Irmawatty Paula
Published: November 2022

The aim of the research is to identify and analyze the leading commodities in the fisheries sector that have the potential to be developed in the West Muna Regency. The data obtained were analyzed using location quotient analysis. The type of data used in this study uses secondary data. The results of the analysis show that the catch fisheries commodities of West Muna Regency which are the superior commodities are demersal fish, mangrove crabs, and sea cucumbers. Among the three leading commodities, mud crab has the highest LQ value of 9,35. These commodities are highly competitive and have the potential to advance and develop to boost the economyof the West Muna Regency.
Übungen der Einsamkeit
Authors: Wilczek Reinhard
Published: November 2022

This lucid essay takes the reader on a fascinating journey of discovery through the cultures of the present and past, revealing the origins of loneliness, its changing meaning and the challenge it poses. The essay’s discourse, which is critical of the present in places, makes it clear that our society has largely brought about its own prevailing problems with loneliness. There is no escaping loneliness: We must learn to master it again and make it useful to us. This is only possible if we accept it as a central part of our existence and practise using it. A look at the loneliness skills of past generations can help us to do this.
Mit dem Rücken zu Russland
Authors: Hösle Vittorio
Published: November 2022

Da Vittorio Hösle seit Jahren vor einem großen Angriffskrieg Russlands gewarnt hatte, hat ihn Martin Hähnel zu der Zeitenwende interviewt, die der Angriff vom 24.2.2022 auf die Ukraine bedeutet. Was sind die Ursachen dieses Krieges, in der unmittelbaren, aber auch in der lange zurückliegenden Vergangenheit? Warum haben so viele Menschen gerade in Westeuropa die drohenden Gefahren verdrängt? Warum war die Ukraine relativ erfolgreich in der Landesverteidigung? Wie wird es weitergehen? Was wird passieren, wenn Trump 2025 ins Weiße Haus zurückziehen sollte? Welche moralischen Prinzipien sollten die Verteidigungspolitik der NATO leiten? Und was wird die Zeitenwende für innenpolitische Konsequenzen in Deutschland haben?

Der Band enthält zudem jüngere Texte Hösles zu Russland, dem Ukrainekrieg und seiner künstlerischen Interpretation durch den russischen Maler und Graphiker Maxim Kantor.
Die Grenzen der Vindikationsverjährung bei Kulturgütern
Authors: Niehoff-von Georg Anna
Published: November 2022

The immaterial interests of a cultural property owner are not adequately protected for lack of suitable civil law standards. In particular, the 30-year limitation period for cultural property is not an appropriate solution. Due to the statute of limitations, only a nudum ius remains in the hands of the owner, which represents an insufficient protection for the cultural property even after 30 years. A constitutional interpretation of the vindication limitation fails due to the clear intention of the BGB legislator.

The thesis examines to what extent de lege lata and de lege ferenda the bona fide acquisition, acquisitive prescription as well as the limitation of lost cultural property in the sense of § 2 No. 1 KGSG can be restricted.
International Investor Obligations
Authors: Abel Patrick
Published: November 2022

International investment law has been criticised for years: Do investors enjoy international rights without corresponding responsibility? This book challenges this view. On the contrary, treaty and arbitration practice is already subject to dynamics introducing international investor obligations, systematised by this book as direct and indirect obligations. Inter alia, these relate to the protection of human rights and the environment. This development may potentially reorient the field towards the principle of sustainable development and may even turn it into an international instrument to regulate investors’ behaviour. The book situates these findings in the broader context of general international law.
Rechtliche Steuerung der Qualität in der stationären Pflege
Authors: Klomp Marieke
Published: November 2022

In the competition between operators of residential care homes, the quality of care is a special parameter. Religious organizations, such as Caritas and Diakonie, promise a special, individual quality of care. Following on from this, the study examines the extent to which the law of external quality control in inpatient care leaves the design of care quality to the home operators and allows the competition between home operators to be based on the parameter of quality. The study shows that the control instruments of the social care insurance law and the institutional care law are not always compatible and sometimes even contradict each other, and discusses questions about the constitutional legitimacy of the regulatory arrangement.
Tradition und Avantgarde
Authors: Buohler Hans Peter
Published: November 2022

How much tradition is there in the avant-garde? Is everything that is claimed to be new really new? Literary Expressionism (the most important avant-garde movement of Classical Modernism), which was and still is generally considered to be the epoch of "broken forms", claimed this for itself: after all, artists had revolutionary experiences (such as the First World War) to deal with and often created something new. But not always, and so numerous sonnets can be found in poetry – and thus poems in a form from the 13th century. By showing (thanks to extensive source and archive studies) that this is a poetic mass phenomenon, however, Expressionism is now seen in a different light, revealing new facets in literature between 1905 and 1925. Case studies on the outstanding poets of early expressionism (Georg Heym and Georg Trakl), the period of the First World War (Max Herrmann-Neisse and Paul Zech) and the young Weimar Republic (Anton Schnack and Walter Rheiner) deepen this finding. In addition, the work is highly compatible both intermedially (music and visual arts) and comparatively (the sonnet as a European form of poetry) and also facilitates further literary studies thanks to an extensive appendix of sources.
An Analysis of the Employment Status and Countermeasures of the "Post 00s" College Students in the Post Epidemic Period
Authors: Wu Weifeng , Qu Shenggang
Published: November 2022

Due to the continuous impact of the COVID-19, the employment situation of college graduates is complex and grim. At the same time, according to the statistics of the Ministry of Education, the number of graduates in 2022 will reach 10.76 million, an increase of 1.67 million over last year, and the number of graduates will exceed 10 million for the first time. The continuous growth of the number of graduates has also led to increased employment competition and pressure. In the face of the impact of the epidemic and the increasing downward pressure on the economy, China has successively launched a policy combination of "reducing, easing, returning and supplementing". However, the keywords such as slow employment, lazy employment and avoiding employment are still popular words in the current employment situation of graduates, and their development trend is increasingly severe. In this paper, the "post-00s" college graduates in the epidemic period are the research objects. Through data analysis of their employment status and causes, we propose targeted countermeasures and suggestions, hoping to contribute to the promotion of college students' employment.
Pazarlama alanında yapılan nitel araştırmaların geçerlilik ve güvenirlik incelemesi
Authors: KAYABAŞI Aydın , DEMİRAĞ Fatma
Published: November 2022

Öz

Nitel araştırma, bir olgunun daha iyi anlaşılması ve bir problemin çözüm açısından daha iyi değerlendirilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışma, nitel araştırmalarda geçerlik ve güvenirlik kapsamında pazarlama disiplinine yönelik yaklaşımları ve uygulanan yöntemleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. 2012-2022 yılları arasında DergiPark'ta taranan dergilerde yayınlanan 92 çalışma incelenmiştir. İncelenen çalışmaların temaları, örüntüleri, veri toplama yöntemleri, analiz yöntemleri ve özellikle geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri tartışılmıştır. İncelenen çalışmaların turizm pazarlaması alanında yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak görüşme yönteminin, veri analizi olarak ise betimsel ve içerik analizinin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışmalarda çoğunlukla amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalarda geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi kapsamında uzman görüşü alma, katılımcı onayı ve kodlayıcılar arası uzlaşma gibi tekniklerden yararlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Birçok çalışmada ise geçerlik ve güvenirlik ölçütlerine ilişkin herhangi bir değerlendirme yapılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile araştırmacıların çalışmalarının geçerlik ve güvenirlik süreçlerine ve süreçlerin şeffaflığına katkı sağlaması açısından farklı bir bakış açısı sunulmaktadır.
Laptop selection with MEREC based WASPAS method
Authors: YENİLMEZEL Simge , ERTUĞRUL İrfan
Published: November 2022

With the development of technology, computers have become very important in both daily life and business life. Evaluation of many data together, error-free and fast calculation has been facilitated by computers. With the development of remote working and field work areas, laptop computers have become more preferred for companies. Today, there are many different brands of laptop. The presence of many criteria and alternatives makes selection difficult for decision makers. In this case, the use of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods makes it easier for the decision maker to make the most beneficial choice. With MCDM methods, it is possible to select, sort and classify options with different features in the decision-making process. In this study, while making the most appropriate selection, priorities were determined with the MEREC (Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) method, which is one of the objective weighting methods, and the alternatives were listed with the WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) method. As a result of the processes, the most important criterion was the battery life, which corresponds to the K7 among the seven criteria, while the best alternative among the seven alternatives was A2.
No evidence for asymmetric sperm deposition in a species with asymmetric male genitalia
Authors: van Gammeren Sanne , Lang Michael , Rücklin Martin , Schilthuizen Menno
Published: November 2022

Background

Asymmetric genitalia have repeatedly evolved in animals, yet the underlying causes for their evolution are mostly unknown. The fruit fly Drosophila pachea has asymmetric external genitalia and an asymmetric phallus with a right-sided phallotrema (opening for sperm release). The complex of female and male genitalia is asymmetrically twisted during copulation and males adopt a right-sided copulation posture on top of the female. We wished to investigate if asymmetric male genital morphology and a twisted gentitalia complex may be associated with differential allocation of sperm into female sperm storage organs.

Methods

We examined the internal complex of female and male reproductive organs by micro-computed tomography and synchrotron X-ray tomography before, during and after copulation. In addition, we monitored sperm aggregation states and timing of sperm transfer during copulation by premature interruption of copulation at different time-points.

Results

The asymmetric phallus is located at the most caudal end of the female abdomen during copulation. The female reproductive tract, in particular the oviduct, re-arranges during copulation. It is narrow in virgin females and forms a broad vesicle at 20 min after the start of copulation. Sperm transfer into female sperm storage organs (spermathecae) was only in a minority of examined copulation trials (13/64). Also, we found that sperm was mainly transferred early, at 2–4 min after the start of copulation. We did not detect a particular pattern of sperm allocation in the left or right spermathecae. Sperm adopted a granular or filamentous aggregation state in the female uterus and spermathecae, respectively.

Discussion

No evidence for asymmetric sperm deposition was identified that could be associated with asymmetric genital morphology or twisted complexing of genitalia. Male genital asymmetry may potentially have evolved as a consequence of a complex internal alignment of reproductive organs during copulation in order to optimize low sperm transfer rates.
Mislabeling and nomenclatorial confusion of Typhlotanais sandersi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and establishment of a new genus
Authors: Gellert Marta , Palero Ferran , Błażewicz Magdalena
Published: November 2022

Re-examination of historical collections allowed us to resolve the taxonomic status of Typhlotanais sandersi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985, originally described based on a single specimen from Great-Meteor Seamount. The holotype of this species was considered lost and the species redescribed based on a second specimen from the type locality by Błażewicz-Paszkowycz (2007a), who placed Ty. sandersi on a newly established genus Typhlamia. Thorough morphological analysis of Typhlamia and Typhlotanais species and recently obtained genetic data of typhlotanaids from N Atlantic and NW Pacific waters allow us to conclude that the redescription of Ty. sandersi by Błażewicz-Paszkowycz (2007a) was based on a wrongly labelled specimen that, rather than a type of Ty. sandersi, represents in fact a new species of Typhlamia. The morphological comparison of the type species of Typhlotanais (Ty. aequiremis) with all ‘long-bodied’ typhlotanaid taxa with rounded pereonites margins (i.e., Typhlamia, Pulcherella, Torquella), and the use of genetic evidence, support the establishment of a new genus to accommodate: Ty. sandersi, Ty. angusticheles Kudinova-Pasternak, 1989, and a third species from N Atlantic waters, that is described here for the first time. Current knowledge on ‘long-bodied’ typhlotanaids with rounded pereonites is summarised and a taxonomical key for their identification provided.
Tone-Burst Auditory Brainstem Response and Cortical Potentials in Diagnosis of Syndromic Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kaf Wafaa A. , Reiter Samantha , Brodeur Amanda , White-Minnis Letitia , Deal William
Published: November 2022

In this study, we report our findings of comprehensive evaluation in a man with syndromic craniofacial features, cognitive impairment, and hearing loss. The patient underwent psychological and genetic testing and screening for 133 genetic mutations associated with hearing loss, as well as extensive audiological evaluation to assess the auditory pathway between the middle ear and the auditory cortex. Psychological testing showed moderate cognitive impairment. Genetic testing did not reveal a genetic mutation for hearing loss. Audiological evaluation revealed mixed hearing loss and signs of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) despite absence of otoacoustic emissions and an absent click-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) without recording of cochlear microphonics (CM). ANSD was characterized by abnormal speech discrimination, bilateral robust CM to 2,000 Hz tone-burst (TB) ABR, and abnormal left thalamocortical and cortical pathways diagnosed based on auditory middle latency and cortical N1-P2 responses. These behavioral and electrophysiological findings suggest post-synaptic ANSD at the brainstem level. An abnormal left thalamocortical auditory pathway may be attributable to the combined effect of lack of neural synchrony secondary to ANSD mainly on the left and/or brain injury. The findings in this study support the use of TB ABR and auditory cortical potentials in the ANSD test protocol and in patients with craniofacial anomalies.
Endoscopic Management of Glomus Tympanicum Tumor: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fountarlis Athanasios Luca , Hajiioannou Jiannis , Lachanas Vasileios , Tsitiridis Ioannis , Saratziotis Athanasios , Alagianni Aggeliki , Skoulakis Charalampos
Published: November 2022

Glomus tympanicum are benign tumors of vascular origin, arising from the neural crest cells and located on promontory. The treatment of choice is surgical excision of the lesion. Traditionally, it is performed under microscopic observation. With the introduction of endoscopes in the field of ear surgeries, an endoscopic approach has also evolved. Herein, we present case reports of three patients diagnosed with glomus tympanicum tumors who were operated on using an endoscopic approach. A review of the literature is also performed. The mass was completely excised in all patients, and there were no signs of recurrence at the follow-up at least a year later. Endoscopic ear surgery is a safe and effective method of managing glomus tympanicum tumors. Its main limitation is the tumor size; however, in most cases, tumors of stages I to II as per the Glasscock-Jackson classification and types A1 to B1 according to the modified Fisch-Mattox classification can be completely removed endoscopically. Careful preoperative selection of patients warrants the best outcomes.
Assessment of Garlic Production Constraints and Trait Preferences in Garlic Cultivar Development in Two Woredas, Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Lakew Eshet , Bayih Tegegne
Published: November 2022

Garlic (Allium sativium L.) is the major food and cash crop in the highland regions of Ethiopia. However, farmers are not integrated into the garlic breeding process. The objectives of this assessment were to identify farmers’ key garlic production constraints and establish preferred traits in garlic cultivar development in the two woredas of Sidama Region (Ethiopia). A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study was conducted through a structured survey involving 36 households in Malga and Gorche woredas. A structured survey used a questionnaire which was administered to farmers to collect information on key production constraints, varieties of garlic seed used for production, seed source etc., according to the assessment result of this study, the cultivar used for garlic production is the local variety in the two woredas. Hence, the most important garlic production constraints are lack of high yielding cultivars, garlic disease and insects. To conclude active farmer participation in early breeding stages is critical for a successful garlic breeding program. Based on the assessment it is possible to recommend that high yielder garlic variety, disease tolerance, insect resistant and cultivars having high dry matter content are the most important parameters preferred by farmers, which helps them to produce maximum products and serve as a source of income to many rural farmers.
Fieldwork Studies in Rural Areas: Growth of Students in an Urban University in Japan
Authors: Horiuchi Shiro
Published: November 2022

For rural revitalization, universities in Japan encourage students to nurture relationships with partner organizations in rural areas. Fieldwork studies are one of the prominent methods for rural revitalization. However, students in urban universities should less likely maintain such relationships in rural areas even if they undertake fieldwork studies. The present study illustrated how students and graduates had relationship with rural areas after the fieldwork studies. The author contacted with three professors in an urban university who implemented advanced fieldwork studies in five rural municipalities of Kinki region, Japan. The author asked the three professors about excellent graduates and students who had undertaken fieldwork studies, in total 16 individual. The author interviewed these students for their experiences and growth through the fieldwork studies. As a result, 11 of 16 interviewees lived and worked in urban areas. However, students from urban hometowns became interested in revitalizing rural areas through their jobs, whereas those from rural hometowns were motivated to return in the future. After fieldwork studies, students determined the strengths and weaknesses of rural areas compared with those of urban areas, which could contribute to future rural revitalization through their jobs. For rural revitalization in the future, collaboration between urban universities and rural areas are recommended.
Molecular characterization of genomic breakpoints of ALK rearrangements in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Zizong , Han Yushuai , Tao Houquan , Xu Mengxiang , Liu Zhengchuang , Zhu Jianhua , Li Wei , Ma Jie , Liu Zhifang , Wang Weiran , Ma Tonghui
Published: November 2022

ALK rearrangement is called the ‘diamond mutation’ in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accurately identifying patients who are candidates for ALK inhibitors is a key step in making clinical treatment decisions. In this study, a total of 783 ALK rearrangement‐positive NSCLC cases were identified by DNA‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS), including 731 patients with EML4‐ALK and 52 patients with other ALK rearrangements. Diverse genomic breakpoints of ALK rearrangements were identified. Approximately 94.4% (739/783) of the cases carried ALK rearrangements with genomic breakpoints in the introns of ALK and its partner genes, and 2.8% (21/739) of these cases resulted in frameshift transcripts of ALK. Meanwhile, 5.6% (44/783) of the ALK rearrangement‐positive cases had breakpoints in the exons that would be expected to result in abnormal transcripts. RNA‐based NGS was performed to analyse the aberrant fusions at the transcript level. Some of these rearranged DNAs were not transcribed, and the others were fixed by some mechanisms so that the fusion kinase proteins could be expressed. Altogether, these findings emphasize that, when using DNA‐based NGS, functional RNA fusions should be confirmed in cases with uncommon/frameshift rearrangement by RNA‐based assays.
Multifunctional Metamaterial Microwave Blackbody with High‐Frequency Compatibility, Temperature Insensitivity, and Structural Scalability
Authors: Yao Li , Zhou Shixiang , Pan Longkai , Mei Hui , Li Yang , Dassios Konstantinos G. , Colombo Paolo , Cheng Laifei , Zhang Litong
Published: November 2022

Compared with optical black, few attempts have focused on achieving broadband microwave blackbodies. In this study, all‐ceramic metamaterial microwave blackbodies are created by integrating a graded Gyroid shellular (GGS) metastructure design with additive manufacturing of polymer‐derived SiOC (PDCs‐SiOC) ceramics encapsulated by Si3N4 (SiOC@Si3N4). Hardly influenced by the destructive interference effect, as‐fabricated GGS‐structured SiOC@Si3N4 microwave blackbodies demonstrate a broadband microwave absorption (MA) above 83.6% (91.3% on average) across the entire X‐Ku band and encompassing higher frequencies above 18 GHz as well, together with the temperature insensitivity from room temperature to 500 °C. Based on the flexible electromagnetic tunability of PDCs‐SiOC, exceptional structural scalability is experimentally validated for metal‐doped modified CuSiOC and CoSiOC substrates with the same GGS metastructures, retaining high‐efficiency MA capability. Furthermore, attachment of perfectly reflecting metal backplanes further enhances the MA performance, with an ultrawide MA exceeding 67.9% (89.1% on average) achievable at 2.95–18 GHz for CoSiOC substrate. Meanwhile, the GGS‐structured SiOC@Si3N4 metamaterials possess additional multifunctional properties, such as good noise reduction performance as well as ultrahigh wear resistance. As a proof of concept, this study provides important guidance on achieving multifunctional coupling broadband MA characteristics by fully tapping the application potential of existing materials.
Magnetomechanical Transport of Liquid Metal Droplets via Asymmetric Microwall Arrays
Authors: Jhang Saebohm , Park Jeong Eun , Jeon Jisoo , Tabor Christopher E. , Wie Jeong Jae
Published: November 2022

Eutectic gallium indium liquid metal (LM) is a promising conductive liquid for various electronic applications. In particular, the directional transport of LM droplets has potential applications in soft electronics to control electrical conductivity. Existing methods transport LM droplets by applying an electric field to generate an interfacial tension difference within the LM droplet due to nonuniform ionic distribution of the electrical double layer. However, these methods require confined channels and tethered systems to apply the electric field. In this study, channel‐free wireless transport of LM droplets is demonstrated via on‐demand magnetomechanical actuation of asymmetric microwall arrays comprising vertically aligned ferromagnetic iron particles embedded in polydimethylsiloxane. Asymmetric microwall of two different widths is designed to generate an asymmetric bending stiffness at a given magnetic field. The asymmetric microwall bends gradually in response to a linear external magnetic field perpendicular to the alignment axis of the iron particles. Therefore, nonuniform magnetomechanical bending induces a local height gradient along the microwall, causing gravitational‐force‐driven roll‐off motion of the LM droplet. Transport direction of LM droplet is modulated by varying the geometric parameters. Finally, the opposite‐directional transport of two LM droplets is demonstrated under a linear magnetic field by pre‐programming the asymmetric bending direction of each microwall array.
Effects of soil bulk density and water content on penetration resistance
Authors: Lardy Jarrett M. , DeSutter Thomas M. , Daigh Aaron L. M. , Meehan Miranda A. , Staricka James A.
Published: November 2022

Infrastructure installation (e.g., pipelines) disturbs soils, often resulting in increased soil compaction (bulk density [Bd] and penetration resistance [PR]). The relationship of PR to Bd, gravimetric water content (Θg), and a suite of other properties were determined on seven topsoils to provide a model and database for reclamation specialists to use when assessing disturbed soils. Penetration resistance had a strong linear association with Bd, but higher Θg reduced the range of PR as Bd increased. Step‐wise regression identified Bd, Θg, texture, clay speciation, and organic matter as significant factors to predict PR. The model predicts PR from <1 to 8 MPa and closely match measured values. Soil Bd and Θg contributed to 84% of the model's explained variation in predicting PR. This study provides a tool for reclamation specialists that aids in understanding the risks associated with disturbances and highlights the importance of keeping Θg low during installation of pipelines.
Acute appendicitis with appendix duplicity in Eritrea: A case report
Authors: Yassin Rami , Mohmed Mhmoud , Fekadu Tekeste
Published: November 2022

Duplicity of the appendices is very rare. A 32‐year‐old man presented with type B2 duplicity of the appendix and acute appendicitis. An appendectomy was done for both. Intraoperative incidental finding is the only chance to avoid missing appendix duplicity and appendicectomy should be done for both.
Burden of COVID‐19 on health and wellbeing, education, and economy of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Azizur , Abdulla Faruq , Karimuzzaman Md , Hossain Md Moyazzem
Published: November 2022

The long‐term impact of this pandemic will continue in almost all sectors of a country such as health, economic situations, education, mental health, and violence. Therefore, the authors intended to discuss the prolonged effect of COVID‐19 on the health along with wellbeing, education, and economy of Bangladesh through a mixed approach. To assess the possible scenario in health sector of Bangladesh, we conducted a short survey through online with a structured questionnaire. The impact of the pandemic is highlighted by graphical presentations and discussed the issues in light of the existing literature. It is realized that health care services and resources are always essential for predominant health conditions and fatal diseases patients. Mental health has also been impacted a lot during this pandemic. Moreover, students of only those schools located in urban areas are attended some online classes but due to the internet interruption and scarcity of devices students from rural areas cannot attend the classes and it will widen the gap between pupils from urban areas and those who live in remote rural areas. Additionally, many students terminate school. The country's youth unemployment is projected to intensify as a result of the economic effects, which would promote antisocial behavior and cause social discontent among young people. Also, the flow of remittances greatly declined in the last couple of months and a many people were jobless abroad, and the majority of them were sent back home. The demographic dividend's intended results are expected to be negatively impacted by COVID‐19's overall effect as well as sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Bangladesh. Therefore, many social services systems need strategic backup resources at community, national, and global levels if any basic system may collapse due to COVID‐19 and socio‐economic as well as geopolitical negligence in handling post‐pandemic challenges.
Hydrolysis‐Induced InOx on ZnIn2S4 Promotes Selective CO2 Photoreduction over H2 Evolution
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Wang Xinkui , Shao Yuqing , Dou Zhaolin , Liang Xiaoyu , Ji Min , Wang Min
Published: November 2022

Metal sulfides generally show high visible light photocatalytic activity, but lower selectivity in the CO2 photoreduction due to the competitive hydrogen evolution. Here, a partial hydrolysis method is reported to promote the selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction over ZnIn2S4. The ZnIn2S4 was post‐hydrolyzed in an aqueous ammonia solution to form oxide species (ZIS‐[InOx]). Detailed experiment and DFT calculation demonstrated that the post‐hydrolysis treatment facilely prohibits the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and benefits CO2 activation. Under visible light irradiation, the ZIS‐[InOx] photocatalyst shows enhanced CO2‐to‐CO conversion activity with a CO‐evolving rate of 1771 μmol g−1 h−1, which is about 8 times higher than that over pristine ZIS and 3.5 times higher than that over bulk ZIS/In2O3. More importantly, the post hydrolysis treatment significantly prohibits the hydrogen evolution and increases the CO/H2 ratio from 0.08 over ZIS to 1.8 over ZIS‐[InOx]. This work provides a new strategy to prepare catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Antifungal activity of potato glycoalkaloids and its potential to control severity of dry rot caused by Fusarium sulphureum
Authors: Li Hong , Li Ming , Fan Yanling , Liu Yuhui , Qin Shuhao
Published: November 2022

Identifying novel sources of antifungal agents from common food waste (i.e., green potato peel) could provide an inexpensive alternative for botanical fungicides. Identification of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) glycoalkaloids (PGAs) content in the green peel by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the antifungal activity of PGAs against the potato dry rot pathogen Fusarium sulphureum were evaluated using addition of PGAs to the medium in vitro and injection of it into potato tubers in vivo. The results of HPLC showed that the average content of PGAs per kilogram green potato peel was 2238.76 mg, and the α‐chaconine content was about 1.8 times higher than that of α‐solanine. Antifungal activity test of PGAs in vitro uncovered that mycelium growth rate of F. sulphureum was inhibited in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with varying concentrations of PGAs, and the inhibition rate was positively correlated with PGAs concentration. Moreover, PGAs were also capable of reducing the contents of malondialdehyde, total phenols, flavonoids as well as the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase induced by F. sulphureum through inhibiting or killing part of mycelium. These findings suggest that the protective effect of PGAs against potato dry rot might be associated with the direct fungistatic effect on the pathogen. Thus, PGAs can serve as a promising botanical fungicide to substitute, at least partially, the use of synthetic fungicides in the disease management of potato.
An image‐based methodology to evaluate oat panicle architecture
Authors: Berro Inés , Varela Jose , Gutiérrez Lucía
Published: November 2022

Panicle size and architecture are traits of major relevance for oat production as they play a key role in conditioning the potential number of grains per spikelet and in consequence grain shape, size, and distribution. The aim of this research was to propose an image‐based strategy and methodology to evaluate oat panicles. Specifically, the goals were to create and deploy the foundations for a high‐throughput methodology to phenotype oat panicles and to determine the optimum number of panicles needed to detect differences between genotypic means for oat panicle traits with high power. A total of 48 genotypes were evaluated in four field experiments with three true replications in two locations and 2 years. Ten panicles per experimental unit were harvested and evaluated with image analysis using MATLAB. Panicle length, width, aspect ratio, compactness, and digital biomass were obtained from the images. The heritability of all panicle traits was high between 0.76 and 0.93. A high power of 0.80 to detect significant differences at an alpha of 0.05 among genotypic means for all panicle architecture traits was reached with the use of six panicles per replication. Our results showed a highly efficient and powerful strategy to study panicle architecture in oat. This methodology could be scaled‐up to efficiently phenotype large populations and provide the basis for understanding panicle architecture and grain morphology in oat.
Spliceosomal profiling identifies EIF4A3 as a novel oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma acting through the modulation of FGFR4 splicing
Authors: López‐Cánovas Juan L. , Hermán‐Sánchez Natalia , Moreno‐Montilla Maria Trinidad , del Rio‐Moreno Mercedes , Alors‐Perez Emilia , Sánchez‐Frias Marina E. , Amado Víctor , Ciria Rubén , Briceño Javier , de la Mata Manuel , Castaño Justo P. , Rodriguez‐Perálvarez Manuel , Luque Raúl M. , Gahete Manuel D.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Altered splicing landscape is an emerging cancer hallmark; however, the dysregulation and implication of the cellular machinery controlling this process (spliceosome components and splicing factors) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly known. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the spliceosomal profile and explore its role in HCC.

Methods

Expression levels of 70 selected spliceosome components and splicing factors and clinical implications were evaluated in two retrospective and six in silico HCC cohorts. Functional, molecular and mechanistic studies were implemented in three cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B and SNU‐387) and preclinical Hep3B‐induced xenograft tumours.

Results

Spliceosomal dysregulations were consistently found in retrospective and in silico cohorts. EIF4A3, RBM3, ESRP2 and SRPK1 were the most dysregulated spliceosome elements in HCC. EIF4A3 expression was associated with decreased survival and greater recurrence. Plasma EIF4A3 levels were significantly elevated in HCC patients. In vitro EIF4A3‐silencing (or pharmacological inhibition) resulted in reduced aggressiveness, and hindered xenograft‐tumours growth in vivo, whereas EIF4A3 overexpression increased tumour aggressiveness. EIF4A3‐silencing altered the expression and splicing of key HCC‐related genes, specially FGFR4. EIF4A3‐silencing blocked the cellular response to the natural ligand of FGFR4, FGF19. Functional consequences of EIF4A3‐silencing were mediated by FGFR4 splicing as the restoration of non‐spliced FGFR4 full‐length version blunted these effects, and FGFR4 inhibition did not exert further effects in EIF4A3‐silenced cells.

Conclusions

Splicing machinery is strongly dysregulated in HCC, providing a source of new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic options in HCC. EIF4A3 is consistently elevated in HCC patients and associated with tumour aggressiveness and mortality, through the modulation of FGFR4 splicing.