bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEBOLEHAN MENIKAHI WANITA HAMIL DALAM PASAL 53 KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM (ANALISIS TEORI MAQASHID SYARI’AH)
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan
Published: November 2023

Abstract: In the era of science and technology, the use of social media can hardly be limited because it crosses space, time and place, so that the Muslim community is increasingly faced with various problems, both those that directly touch Islamic teachings and other problems that are still related to Islam and these problems require settlement instruments and one of those instruments is Islamic law. One of the problems that is currently rife is promiscuity among young people who do not only meet in person but have penetrated social media such as FB, WA, Instagram and so on which makes meetings easier, so many things appear that should not have happened. in the Islamic generation, say for example dating relationships and to having premarital sex which causes pregnancy out of wedlock which impacts are not good for individuals and society, so that it becomes gossip because marriage is caused by pregnancy out of wedlock and the problem does not stop there but even continues to the status of the child born. In this research the author examines how the legal rules regarding women's marriage pregnant in the Compilation of Islamic Law and how to review the maqasid syari'ah theory of the rules law marry pregnant in Chapter 53 KHI.

 

Abstrak: Di era Iptek, penggunaan medsos hampir tidak bisa dibatasi karena melintasi ruang, waktu dan tempat, sehingga ummat Islam semakin dihadapkan dengan berbagai persoalan, baik yang langsung menyentuh ajaran Islam maupun masalah lain yang masih ada kaitannya dengan keislaman dan persoalan itu membutuhkan instrumen penyelesaian dan salah satu  instrumen itu adalah hukum Islam. Salah satu persoalan yang saat ini marak terjadi adalah pergaulan bebas pada muda-mudi yang tidak hanya bertemu secara langsung tetapi sudah merambah ke media sosial seperti FB, WA, Instagram dan sebagainya yang semakin memudahkan pertemuan, sehingga banyak muncul hal-hal yang tidak seharusnya tejadi pada generasi Islam, sebut saja misalnya hubungan pacaran dan sampai melakukan seks pra nikah yang menyebabkan kehamilan diluar nikah yang dampaknya tidak baik untuk pribadi dan masyarakat, sehingga menjadi bahan gunjingan karena nikah disebabkan terjadinya hamil diluar nikah dan masalahnya tidak berhenti disitu saja bahkan berlanjut sampai pada status anak yang dilahirkan. Pada penelitian ini penulis mengkaji tentang bagaimana aturan hukum tentang perkawinan wanita hamil dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan bagaimana tinjauan teori maqashid syari’ah terhadap aturan hukum kawin hamil dalam Pasal 53 KHI.

 

                Kata Kunci:  Pernikahan, Nikah Hamil, Maqashid Syari’ah
EKSTENSI EKONOMI ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI MILLENIAL SEBAGAI JALAN TENGAH
Authors: Nasrullah  , Bakar Abu
Published: November 2023

Indonesia sebagai negara dengan jumlah populasi muslim terbesar di dunia memiliki potensi dalam bonus demografi. “Dari 270 juta jiwa penduduk Indonesia, generasi Z mencapai 27,9% dan milennial 25,87%, artinya lebih dari 50% penduduk Indonesia berada di usia yang sangat produktif,” ujar Ventje Rahardjo, Direktur Eksekutif KNEKS, dalam sambutan kunci yang disampaikan di awal acara.  Namun, pandemi Covid-19 telah memberikan dampak terhadap bonus demografi tersebut. Ekstensi ekonomi syariah sedang diuji dalam konteks ekonmi Milennial Muslim sedang mengalami perubahan yang besar dalam perilaku terutama akibat terjadinya pandemi Covid-19,” jelas Yuswohady, Managing Partner Inventure. Yuswohady lanjut menjelaskan bahwa aspek perubahan perilaku muslim terangkum dalam lima aspek, diantaranya aspek Spiritual, Safety Security, Screen, Self Expression, dan Social.  Asuransi syariah juga melakukan kampanye dalam peningkatan lima aspek perubahan muslim milennial. “Dengan meningkatkanya keinginan sosial pada muslim milenial, maka asuransi syariah suatu given, karena asuransi syariah sudah halal dengan nilai yang tolong menolong,” ucap Tatang Nurhidayat, Ketua Umum Asosiasi Asuransi Syariah Indonesia (AASI). Nilai given yang dimiliki asuransi syariah perlu dikampanyekan dengan lebih aktif agar dapat mengoptimalkan muslim milennial megashift.  Diperlukan kolaborasi dan sinergi bersama untuk mendorong milenial muslim berperan lebih aktif dalam mempercepat terbentuknya ekosistem ekonomi syariah di Indonesia. KNEKS memfasilitasi melalui pengembangan ekosistem yang melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan ekonomi dan keuangan syariah.
Predictors of Online Health-Related Behaviors Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran
Authors: Salmani Fatemeh , Moshtagh Mozhgan , Amiri Rana , Moodi Mitra
Published: November 2023

This study sought to identify the factors that influence online health-related behaviors among Iranian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study utilized the Uses & Gratification and Self-Determination theories to explain the factors associated with workers' behaviors and their use of social media to share information about the pandemic. A decision tree technique known as the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) was used to analyze the responses of 406 participants. The results revealed that healthcare workers' engagement in online health-related behaviors was primarily influenced by their attitude and motivation to use social media during the epidemic. Attitude was identified as the most important and first factor, while motivation was the second factor. The usefulness of information and interactions in the face of a health crisis can be linked to the development of self-efficacy and the promotion of social capital, as well as satisfaction with media. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of understanding the factors that drive healthcare workers' engagement in online health-related behaviors during a pandemic. The findings can be used to develop strategies to promote the use of social media for health-related purposes and improve healthcare workers' response to future pandemics.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract Leaves of Punica Granatum Linn.
Authors: Abdullahi Ishaq  , Uwais Aminu  , BakiBillah Abul Hasan
Published: November 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), an edible fruit native to Persia that is cultivated and consumed worldwide, including in Iran, has been esteemed throughout history for its medicinal properties. Pomegranate leaves serve as a valuable source of potentially beneficial bioactive compounds. This study aimed to explore the in vitro antioxidant properties of the methanolic extract obtained from Pomegranate leaves (Punica granatum L.) using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The assessment of antioxidant activity in Punica granatum L. leaves demonstrated that the methanolic extract exhibited a promising IC50 value of 120.345 μg/ml, in comparison to the reference standard ASA, which had an IC50 of 90.545 μg/ml in the DPPH assay. These significant biological activities suggest that P. granatum leaves could potentially serve as a source of active compounds with applications in the pharmaceutical industry, contingent upon further in vivo experiments.
The Impact of a Single Exhaustive Training Session with Protein Supplementation on Muscle Damage Markers in Young Cyclists
Authors: Milad Bagheri  , Irandoust Khadijeh
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate thei of a single exhaustive training session with protein supplementation on muscle damage markers in young cyclists. Twenty professional cyclists with experience at local and national championship levels were recruited using a convenience sampling method. They were divided into an experimental group (n=10; mean age 21.4±4.7 years; body mass index (BMI) = 20.56±2.12 kg/m2) and a placebo group (n=10; mean age 19.1±4.1 years; BMI = 21.48±3.96 kg/m2). Blood samples were collected in a fasted state to measure phospho creatine kinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. The experimental group consumed a solution containing 400 mg of protein powder (100 mg per kilogram of body weight) with 400 cc of water, while the placebo group consumed a solution containing maltodextrin powder (100 mg per kilogram of body weight). A second blood sample was taken one hour after supplementation. Participants did not engage in any physical activity during the supplementation period. After a 10-minute warm-up, the Wingate test was performed, and blood samples were collected 24 and 48 hours after the test. The findings indicated that one exhaustive training session with protein supplementation did not have a significant effect on CPK (p=0.126) and LDH (p=0.526) concentrations in professional cyclists. Post-CPK and LDH concentrations were highest at 24 and 48 hours after strenuous activity. Based on this study, a single exhaustive training session with protein supplementation did not significantly impact muscle injury markers in young cyclists. Therefore, alternative nutritional recommendations and strategies should be considered.
Education about planetary health and sustainable healthcare: A national audit of health professions education curricula in South Africa
Authors: Irlam J H , Dreyer A , Filies G , Govender L , Jacob N , Jayakumar J , Lokotola C L , Naidoo R , Reid S , Rother H-A
Published: November 2023

Background. Climate change and environmental degradation have severe public health impacts. Education about planetary health (PH) and sustainable healthcare (SH), or the interdependence of health and healthcare and planetary ecosystems, is developing globally to enable health professionals to protect public health from these threats, and to build sustainable healthcare systems.
Objective. To assess the status of PH and SH in health professions education in South African (SA) faculties of health sciences as a foundation for future work.
Methods. Educators at all 24 SA faculties of health sciences were surveyed regarding undergraduate and postgraduate faculty courses with PH- and SH-related learning objectives and outcomes, learning activities and assessments. Pivot tables were constructed to analyse their responses.
Results. Forty-one responses were received, representing 9 health professions from 15 of 24 faculties of health sciences in SA (62.5%). More than half (53.7%) were unaware of any courses with PH and SH content at their faculties. Nineteen respondents from 11 faculties reported 44 courses and provided data on 18 non-duplicate courses. Learning activities included advising patients about environmental and health co-benefits of their lifestyle choices (33.3%); written assignments (38.9%); oral presentations (55.6%); and community-based research (38.9%). Nine courses (50%) reported PH- and SH-related assessments, most commonly oral presentations (88.9%); reflective essays (77.8%); multiple-choice or short assessment questions (55.6%); and research outputs (55.6%).
Conclusion. Education about PH and SH is starting to develop in SA faculties, although with a limited variety of learning activities and assessments. This study provides a useful baseline for curriculum development and assessment of progress.
The Word Made Flesh: On John Bentley Mays’s “Miracles of Emanuel Jaques”
Authors: Davies Jon
Published: November 2023

Cet article analyse « Miracles of Emanuel Jaques », un essai percutant de feu le critique d’art John Bentley Mays publié dans C Magazine en 1984. Jaques est le jeune Canadien d’origine portugaise dont le viol brutal et le meurtre en 1977 ont conduit, d’une part, au « nettoyage » du quartier des spectacles pour adultes de Yonge Street à Toronto et, d’autre part, à une réaction hostile envers la communauté homosexuelle de la ville. L’histoire de Jaques est certes au coeur de l’histoire et de la mythologie de Toronto, reste que Mays a fait un grand pas en avant en se servant de la destruction du garçon et de ses effets pour discuter des changements survenus dans la production artistique locale au cours des sept années qui se sont écoulées après l’événement. Bien que le collectif General Idea soit à peine mentionné dans l’essai de Mays, on peut dire qu’il le hante. En outre, le collectif – et d’autres artistes torontois – vivait et travaillait sur Yonge Street à cette époque, ce qui me permet d’examiner l’étroite imbrication des sous-cultures artistiques et sexuelles dans la ville lors de cette panique morale historique.
A Threatening Presence: Monumentality and Embodiment in Regina José Galindo’s Aparición
Authors: Phillips-Amos Georgia
Published: November 2023

Avec Aparición (2020-), l’artiste de performance guatémaltèque, Regina José Galindo, interprète des personnages masqués au sein de chorégraphies mises en scène dans des espaces publics, en hommage à des femmes disparues.Chaque performance est spécifique à un site, le nombre de figures correspondant à la fréquence des féminicides survenus dans chaque lieu. Aparición est souvent le fruit d’une collaboration : Galindo a développé le concept depuis la capitale de Guatémala, tandis que des artistes locaux l’ont concrétisé dans des villes situées entre Buenos Aires et Berlin. Cet article examine le potentiel de la performance collaborative de Galindo et de sa documentation pour combler des fossés géopolitiques et temporels imaginaires ainsi que pour remettre en question les modalités traditionnelles de la monumentalité.
Sémio-pragmatique de la bande dessinée et interculturalité : pour une comparaison et un aller-retour entre lectures modèles et empiriques
Authors: Laborderie Pascal , Mimouni-Meslem Dounia
Published: November 2023

Dans le cadre d’une coopération scientifique entre les universités de Reims Champagne-Ardenne et Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed, sont apparues des disparités dans la manière dont la sémiotique est enseignée dans les départements des Lettres des universités européennes et nord-africaines. Dans la perspective d’une didactique et d’une pédagogie qui tiennent compte de cet écart, cet article plaide en faveur de l’enseignement d’une sémio-pragmatique qui ne se désolidarise pas complètement de l’esthétique de la réception, telle qu’elle est encore diffusée en Algérie, mais intègre néanmoins les dernières avancées scientifiques de la sémiotique de terrain pour finalement proposer une méthode qui combine analyse textuelle et enquête de terrain afin de favoriser les allers-retours entre une lecture-modèle construite par le chercheur et les lectures empiriques singulières.
Déstabiliser la multimodalité : réinventer et revisiter de nouveaux futurs sémiotiques
Authors: Rowsell Jennifer
Published: November 2023

Cet article interroge l’histoire de la littératie multimodale afin de réimaginer de nouveaux devenirs sémiotiques en éducation. Il aborde l’interdisciplinarité de la multimodalité pour expliciter ses caractéristiques, ses modes et ses temporalités. L’histoire de la littéracie multimodale sous-tend des façons de réimaginer des avenirs en littératie, qu’importe le type de communication ou genre textuel. Pour les étudier, l’article discute de certains termes clés de la multimodalité, dont les signes, les modes, les temporalités et ses effets multiplicatifs, lesquels permettent de naviguer les sens contenus dans les textes et les oeuvres. Réimaginer les devenirs sémiotiques de la multimodalité engage un dialogue sur les effets, les émotions et les mondes immersifs possibles dans les genres numériques, de même que sur les potentialités des modes et compositions modales. Pour accompagner cette exploration, l’article mobilise des oeuvres contemporaines et de travaux menés dans des écoles secondaires pour mieux percevoir l’apport de la multimodalité en éducation.
Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography reveals alterations in cortical excitability during pain
Authors: Chowdhury Nahian Shahmat , Chiang Alan KI , Millard Samantha K , Skippen Patrick , Chang Wei-Ju , Seminowicz David A , Schabrun Siobhan M
Published: November 2023

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to examine inhibitory and facilitatory circuits during experimental pain and in chronic pain populations. However, current applications of TMS to pain have been restricted to measurements of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from peripheral muscles. Here, TMS was combined with electroencephalography (EEG) to determine whether experimental pain could induce alterations in cortical inhibitory/facilitatory activity observed in TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). In Experiment 1 (n=29), multiple sustained thermal stimuli were administered to the forearm, with the first, second, and third block of thermal stimuli consisting of warm but non-painful (pre-pain block), painful (pain block) and warm but non-painful (post-pain block) temperatures, respectively. During each stimulus, TMS pulses were delivered while EEG (64 channels) was simultaneously recorded. Verbal pain ratings were collected between TMS pulses. Relative to pre-pain warm stimuli, painful stimuli led to an increase in the amplitude of the frontocentral negative peak ~45 ms post-TMS (N45), with a larger increase associated with higher pain ratings. Experiments 2 and 3 (n=10 in each) showed that the increase in the N45 in response to pain was not due to changes in sensory potentials associated with TMS, or a result of stronger reafferent muscle feedback during pain. This is the first study to use combined TMS-EEG to examine alterations in cortical excitability in response to pain. These results suggest that the N45 TEP peak, which indexes GABAergic neurotransmission, is implicated in pain perception and is a potential marker of individual differences in pain sensitivity.
miR-252 targeting temperature receptor CcTRPM to mediate the transition from summer-form to winter-form of Cacopsylla chinensis
Authors: Zhang Songdou , Li Jianying , Zhang Dongyue , Zhang Zhixian , Meng Shili , Li Zhen , Liu Xiaoxia
Published: November 2023

Temperature determines the geographical distribution of organisms and affects the outbreak and damage of pests. Insects seasonal polyphenism is a successful strategy adopted by some species to adapt the changeable external environment. Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang & Li) showed two seasonal morphotypes, summer-form and winter-form, with significant differences in morphological characteristics. Low temperature is the key environmental factor to induce its transition from summer-form to winter-form. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we firstly confirmed that low temperature of 10 °C induced the transition from summer-form to winter-form by affecting the cuticle thickness and chitin content. Subsequently, we demonstrated that CcTRPM functions as a temperature receptor to regulate this transition. In addition, miR-252 was identified to mediate the expression of CcTRPM to involve in this morphological transition. Finally, we found CcTre1 and CcCHS1, two rate-limiting enzymes of insect chitin biosyntheis, act as the critical down-stream signal of CcTRPM in mediating this behavioral transition. Taken together, our results revealed that a signal transduction cascade mediates the seasonal polyphenism in C. chinensis. These findings not only lay a solid foundation for fully clarifying the ecological adaptation mechanism of C. chinensis outbreak, but also broaden our understanding about insect polymorphism.
Genetic Screen Identified Prmt5 as a Neuroprotection Target against Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Wu Haoyang , Lv Peiyuan , Wang Jinyu , Bennett Brian , Wang Jiajia , Li Pishun , Peng Yi , Hu Guang , Lin Jiaji
Published: November 2023

Epigenetic regulators present novel opportunities for both ischemic stroke research and therapeutic interventions. While previous work has implicated that they may provide neuroprotection by potentially influencing coordinated sets of genes and pathways, most of them remains largely uncharacterized in ischemic conditions. In this study, we used the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model in the immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT-22 and carried out an RNAi screen on epigenetic regulators. We identified Prmt5 as a novel negative regulator of neuronal cell survival after OGD, which presented a phenotype of translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus upon oxygen and energy depletion both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Prmt5 bound to the chromatin and a large number of promoter regions to repress downstream gene expression. Silencing Prmt5 significantly dampened the OGD-induced changes for a large-scale of genes, and gene ontology analysis showed that Prmt5-target genes were highly enriched for Hedgehog signaling. Encouraged by the above observation, we treated mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with the Prmt5 inhibitor EPZ015666 and found that Prmt5 inhibition sustain protection against neuronal death
in vivo
. Together, our findings revealed a novel epigenetic mechanism of Prmt5 in cerebral ischemia and uncovered a potential target for neuroprotection.
Causal role of the angular gyrus in insight-driven memory reconfiguration
Authors: Grob Anna-Maria , Heinbockel Hendrik , Milivojevic Branka , Doeller Christian F , Schwabe Lars
Published: November 2023

Maintaining an accurate model of the world relies on our ability to update memory representations in light of new information. Previous research on the integration of new information into memory mainly focused on the hippocampus. Here, we hypothesized that the angular gyrus, known to be involved in episodic memory and imagination, plays a pivotal role in the insight-driven reconfiguration of memory representations. To test this hypothesis, participants received continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) over the left angular gyrus or sham stimulation before gaining insight into the relationship between previously separate life-like animated events in a narrative-insight task. During this task, participants also underwent EEG recording and their memory for linked and non-linked events was assessed shortly thereafter. Our results show that cTBS to the angular gyrus decreased memory for the linking events and reduced the memory advantage for linked relative to non-linked events. At the neural level, cTBS targeting the angular gyrus reduced centro-temporal coupling with frontal regions and abolished insight-induced neural representational changes for events linked via imagination, indicating impaired memory reconfiguration. Further, the cTBS group showed representational changes for non-linked events that resembled the patterns observed in the sham group for the linked events, suggesting failed pruning of the narrative in memory. Together, our findings demonstrate a causal role of the left angular gyrus in insight-related memory reconfigurations.
A secure cross-domain interaction scheme for blockchain-based intelligent transportation systems
Authors: Si Haiping , Li Weixia , Wang Qingyi , Cao Haohao , Bacao Fernando , Sun Changxia
Published: November 2023

In the intelligent transportation system (ITS), secure and efficient data communication among vehicles, road testing equipment, computing nodes, and transportation agencies is important for building a smart city-integrated transportation system. However, the traditional centralized processing approach may face threats in terms of data leakage and trust. The use of distributed, tamper-proof blockchain technology can improve the decentralized storage and security of data in the ITS network. However, the cross-trust domain devices, terminals, and transportation agencies in the heterogeneous blockchain network of the ITS still face great challenges in trusted data communication and interoperability. In this article, we propose a heterogeneous cross-chain interaction mechanism based on relay nodes and identity encryption to solve the problem of data cross-domain interaction between devices and agencies in the ITS. First, we propose the ITS cross-chain communication framework and improve the cross-chain interaction model. The relay nodes are interconnected through libP2P to form a relay node chain, which is used for cross-chain information verification and transmission. Secondly, we propose a relay node secure access scheme based on identity-based encryption to provide reliable identity authentication for relay nodes. Finally, we build a standard cross-chain communication protocol and cross-chain transaction lifecycle for this mechanism. We use Hyperledger Fabric and FISCO BCOS blockchain to design and implement this solution, and verify the feasibility of this cross-chain interaction mechanism. The experimental results show that the mechanism can achieve a stable data cross-chain read throughput of 2,000 transactions per second, which can meet the requirements of secure and efficient cross-chain communication and interaction among heterogeneous blockchains in the ITS, and has high application value.
Profile of the bile acid FXR-FGF15 pathway in the glucolipid metabolism disorder of diabetic mice suffering from chronic stress
Authors: Cai Weijia , Li Canye , Su Zuanjun , Cao Jinming , Chen Zhicong , Chen Yitian , Guo Zhijun , Cai Jian , Xu Feng
Published: November 2023

Background

Imbalances in bile acid (BA) synthesis and metabolism are involved in the onset of diabetes and depression in humans and rodents. However, the role of BAs and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 15 signaling pathway in the development of diabetes and depression is still largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the potential molecular mechanisms of BAs that may be associated with glucolipid metabolism disorders in diabetic mice subjected to chronic stress.

Methods

The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model was induced by feeding mice a high-fat diet and administering an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was performed by introducing a series of mild stressors. Forty mice were randomly divided into the regular chow feeding group and the high-fat diet feeding group. After two weeks of feeding, the mice were randomly divided into four groups: the Control group, CUMS group, T2DM group, and T2DM+CUMS group. The T2DM group and T2DM+CUMS group received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ to induce the T2DM model. The CUMS and T2DM+CUMS groups were exposed to CUMS to induce depressive-like phenotypes. Blood and tissue samples were obtained for pertinent analysis and detection.

Results

Compared with the T2DM mice, T2DM+CUMS mice had higher blood glucose and lipid levels, insulin resistance, inflammation of the liver and pancreas, impaired liver function, and increased total bile acids. These changes were accompanied by attenuated FXR signaling. Chronic stress was found to attenuate FXR expression and its downstream target, FGF15, in the ileum when compared with the T2DM group.

Conclusion

FXR may play a role in the diabetic disorder of glucolipid metabolism when aggravated by chronic stress. FXR and its downstream target, FGF15, may be therapeutic targets for treating comorbid T2DM and depression.
Um estudo do requeijão de Santa Bárbara-BA para o reconhecimento de Indicação Geográfica (IG)
Authors: Rocha Angela Machado , Caldas Alcides dos Santos , De Oliveira Maria Cristina Idalina dos Santos
Published: November 2023

Indicação Geográfica (IG) é um signo distintivo de Propriedade Intelectual, de uso coletivo, e se refere ao reconhecimento de um local que se tornou conhecido por ofertar um produto ou serviço singular. Este artigo se propõe a apresentar dados preliminares, motivadores da pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, tendo o município de Santa Bárbara, Bahia, como local, e o requeijão produzido artesanalmente como produto com potencial para o reconhecimento de IG. Por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório, em sites de instituições públicas e privadas,  e a utilização da busca documental, normativa e o levantamento de campo, verificou-se a notoriedade do município de Santa Bárbara-BA, que desenvolve, desde 1950, a produção de requeijão de manteiga, também conhecido como requeijão de corte, queijo do sertão, queijo manteiga. O requeijão é um tipo de queijo de origem brasileira, típico da região Nordeste, mas também pode ser encontrado no Norte e Sudeste do país.
Gestão da ideação para a criatividade e a inovação: um estudo em uma indústria inovadora do Agreste Pernambucano
Authors: Mendes Felipe dos Santos , Sinesio Emerson Philipe , Da Silva Erverton Jacinto , Santana Valdemar Santos , Brandão Sueydy Cordeiro Gomes , Fernandes Nelson da Cruz Monteiro
Published: November 2023

Este artigo apresenta achados relacionados à gestão da ideação em uma indústria inovadora localizada no Agreste de Pernambuco. Foram constatados a importância das etapas do processo de ideação como também as dificuldades e desafios encontrados nesse percurso. O desenvolvimento de ideias apoiado nas necessidades dos clientes, o apoio de equipes e a utilização de ferramentas e metodologias foram apontados como elementos influenciadores para o desenvolvimento e concretização das ideias inovadoras.
Simulação realística no ensino de enfermagem: uma abordagem para compreender atitudes no cuidado ao paciente alcoolista
Authors: Rodrigues Samuel Barroso , Lima Dara Gabrielle Pacheco , Justo Isabelly Ramos Gomes , De Oliveira Liandra Nunes , Machado Elisângela Cristina , Santos Leila de Fátima
Published: November 2023

A pesquisa buscou compreender as atitudes dos estudantes de enfermagem no cuidado com o paciente alcoolista. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com utilização da técnica de observação participante para captura das atitudes e reações dos estudantes de enfermagem durante uma simulação realística com paciente-ator alcoolista. As atitudes dos estudantes se apresentaram oscilantes, ora mais positivas, ora mais negativas. Dessa maneira observou-se a necessidade de maior exploração da temática na graduação, com o intuito de que os profissionais de enfermagem se formem mais preparados para lidar de forma positiva com os pacientes alcoolista.
The Relationship between Public Expenditure and Private Investment in Developed and Developing Economies: Policy Implications Based on the Difference
Authors:   University of Finance Marketing (UFM), Vietnam, Nguyen Van Bon
Published: November 2023

ublic spending is one effective instrument of fiscal policy in both developed and developing countries. Governments use it to overcome the cyclicality of the economy and to run the economy. However, it can crowd in or crowd out private investment. Is there a difference in the public expenditure – private investment relationship between developed and developing countries? This study looks for an answer by empirically investigating the effect of public expenditure on private investment for a group of 36 developed countries and a group of 98 developing countries from 2002 to 2019. The results by the two-step difference GMM Arellano-Bond estimator seem to be counter-intuitive. Public expenditure crowds out private investment in developed countries but crowds in it in developing countries. The study uses the FE-IV estimator and the PGM estimator to check the robustness of these estimates. The study suggests some arguments to explain the validity of the counter-intuitive results and policy implications for governments in both developed and developing countries.
Centrality and Capital Costs in Urban Areas: Policy Watch for Spain
Authors:   Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Cadaval María , Vaquero Alberto ,   GEN- Universidad de Vigo
Published: November 2023

For decades the discussion on the local public services in urban areas pivoted on the advantages and disadvantages of central cities. Their effects are difficult to measure and mitigate, the benefits are debatable although the literature proposes a set of answers. Some of these options have been adopted in practice through different economic policy measures that spark a debate. This paper is the first to collect a survey with the different positions regarding the costs and benefits of centrality and it also provides a policy watch of economic policy measures that have been put into practice in Spain.
An Overview of a Two-stage Vapour Compression Cascade Refrigeration System for Low-temperature Applications
Authors: Oginni Olarewaju Thomas , Bolaji Bukola Olalekan , Oyelaran Olatunde Ajani , Bello Kazeem Aderemi , Fadiji Ezekiel Adegoke , Borokini Francis Olusesi
Published: November 2023

A cascade refrigeration cycle is a multistage refrigeration system for ultra-low freezing application utilizing two stage vapour compression refrigeration system. Many refrigeration applications require low temperature for quick freezing medical items, production of ice, petroleum vapour liquefaction, pharmaceutical products preservation and storage, and manufacturing cooling processes. The two-stage cascade refrigeration system is the simplest, energy efficient and low operating cost for providing deep-freezing and maintaining extremely low temperature stability. The paper presents the overview of two-stage cascade refrigeration system for ultra-low temperature application and considered vapour compression cycle the most viable and suitable technique of attaining designed and desired temperature application. System modification using different techniques such as pre cool, flash intercooler, dedicated mechanical subcooling cycle, and novel ternary mixture of refrigerants were method adopted. The results revealed that the different techniques provide low energy consumption, high system performance and reduction in the thermal stress on the compressors as a result of reducing discharge temperature. The theoretical and experimental performance analysis outcomes showed the possibility and feasibility of achieving a low temperature of -80 0C. Vapour compression cascade refrigeration system is a promising technology in meeting the global needs for solving heat sensitive temperature-controlled products and useful in energy-deficient nations for storage and chain-distribution.
Correlation Studies for Morphological and Biomass Traits in Half-sib Progenies of Peltophorum pterocarpum
Authors: Kumari Avni , Rawat Shivani , Larkin Amit , Wani Afaq Majid
Published: November 2023

The current research was conducted on twenty plus trees of Peltophorum pterocarpum from different locations in Bihar to study the association among different morphological and biomass traits. It was found that PPT12 (Rajgir Park) and PPT4 (Muraura, Nalanda) performed better for germination metrics under open field and greenhouse conditions, respectively. PPT6 (Nari, Nalanda) and PPT13 (Sathopur, Nalanda) outperformed all other superior tree progenies in terms of morphological and biomass attributes in green house and open field conditions, respectively. The phenotypic coefficient of variability was greater than the genotypic coefficient of variability for all morphological and biomass variables tested under green house and field conditions, showing that the environment played a greater role. Germination value heritability was found to be high in both environments. High heritability with high genetic advance was associated with shoot length in greenhouse condition, indicating additive gene action. Under greenhouse conditions, the phenotypic correlation coefficients among the seedling parameters evaluated varied from a non-significant 0.211 (P=0.01) between shoot root ratio and root dry weight and between shoot length and collar diameter to a very significant 0.967 (P=0.01).Accessions showing higher values for one or the other attributes could be selected as parents for further improvement.
Autonomous and Controlled Motivational Behaviour and Student Academic Outcomes in Upper Primary School in a Remote Setting
Authors: Wangchuk Tenzin
Published: November 2023

This research study was aimed to study the effect of autonomous and controlled motivational behaviour and student academic outcomes in upper primary school in a remote setting on learning. This cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the extent to which autonomous and controlled forms of motivation were prevalent in upper-primary school students. Data was collected through the administration of Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire from 265 students in upper-primary school in Mongar district of Bhutan. Based on the descriptive and inferential analysis, it was found that the controlled forms of motivation resulting from external and introjected regulations are negatively associated with academic achievement. Autonomous forms of motivation, mainly resulting from identified regulation were positively related to academic outcomes, while surprisingly intrinsic motivation was negatively associated with academic outcomes. Although identified regulation broadly falls under controlled form of motivation, the locus of control is internal and thus is autonomous in nature. The results indicate that the majority of the students conform to identified regulation. Recommendation for aligning teaching practices and assessment policy is made.
Ascertainment of Minimal Clinically Important Differences in the Diabetes Distress Scale–17
Authors: Banks Jack , Amspoker Amber B. , Vaughan Elizabeth M. , Woodard LeChauncy , Naik Aanand D.
Published: November 2023

Importance

The Diabetes Distress Scale–17 (DDS-17) is a common measure of diabetes distress. Despite its popularity, there are no agreed-on minimal clinically important difference (MCID) values for the DDS-17.

Objective

To establish a distribution-based metric for MCID in the DDS-17 and its 4 subscale scores (interpersonal distress, physician distress, regimen distress, and emotional distress).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial used baseline and postintervention data from a hybrid (implementation-effectiveness) trial evaluating Empowering Patients in Chronic Care (EPICC) vs an enhanced form of usual care (EUC). Participants included adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] level >8.0%) who received primary care during the prior year in participating Department of Veterans Affairs clinics across Illinois, Indiana, and Texas. Data collection was completed in November 2018, and data analysis was completed in June 2023.

Interventions

Participants in EPICC attended 6 group sessions led by health care professionals based on collaborative goal-setting theory. EUC included diabetes education.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was distribution-based MCID values for the total DDS-17 and 4 DDS-17 subscales, calculated using the standard error of measurement. Baseline to postintervention changes in DDS-17 and its 4 subscale scores were grouped into 3 categories: improved, no change, and worsened. Multilevel logistic and linear regression models examined associations between treatment group and MCID change categories and whether improvement in HbA1c varied in association with MCID category.

Results

A total of 248 individuals with complete DDS-17 data were included (mean [SD] age, 67.4 [8.3] years; 235 [94.76%] men), with 123 participants in the EPICC group and 125 participants in the EUC group. The MCID value for DDS-17 was 0.25 and MCID values for the 4 distress subscales were 0.38 for emotional and interpersonal distress and 0.39 for physician and regimen distress. Compared with EUC, more EPICC participants were in the MCID improvement category on DDS-17 (63 participants [51.22%] vs 40 participants [32.00%]; P = .003) and fewer EPICC participants were in the worsened category (20 participants [16.26%] vs 39 participants [31.20%]; P = .008). There was no direct association of DDS-17 MCID improvement (β = −0.25; 95% CI, −0.59 to 0.10; P = .17) or worsening (β = 0.18; 95% CI, −0.22 to 0.59; P = .38) with HbA1c levels among all participants.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial, an MCID improvement or worsening of more than 0.25 on the DDS-17 was quantitatively significant and patients in the EPICC group were more likely to experience improvement than those in the EUC group.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01876485
Mystery Shopper Study of State Medicaid Coverage for Out-of-State Abortion Care
Authors: Khidir Hazar , Topping Carlisle , Dalton Vanessa K. , Lindau Stacy Tessler , Venkatesh Arjun K.
Published: November 2023

This cross-sectional study uses a mystery shopper survey to examine variation in state Medicaid agency responses to coverage questions on out-of-state abortion care.
The efficacy of sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma is enhanced by 5‐aza‐mediated inhibition ofID1promoter methylation
Authors: Meng Jing , Li Shi , Niu Zhao‐qing , Bao Zheng‐qiang , Niu Lei‐lei
Published: November 2023

Sorafenib resistance greatly restricts its clinical application in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Numerous studies have reported that ID1 exerts a crucial effect in cancer initiation and development. Our previous research revealed an inhibitory role of ID1 in sorafenib resistance. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism of ID1 expression is unclear. Here, we discovered that ID1 expression is negatively correlated with promoter methylation, which is regulated by DNMT3B. Knockdown of DNMT3B significantly inhibited ID1 methylation status and resulted in an increase of ID1 expression. The demethylating agent 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza) remarkably upregulated ID1 expression. The combination of 5‐aza with sorafenib showed a synergistic effect on the inhibition of cell viability.
Inkjet Printed Photonic Cellulose Nanocrystal Patterns
Authors: Williams Cyan A. , Parker Richard M. , Kyriacou Andrew , Murace Maria , Vignolini Silvia
Published: November 2023

Naturally‐sourced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are elongated, birefringent nanoparticles that can undergo cholesteric self‐assembly in water to produce vibrant, structurally colored films. As such, they are an ideal candidate for use as sustainable and cost‐effective inks in the printing of scalable photonic coatings and bespoke patterns. However, the small volume and large surface area of a sessile CNC drop typically leads to rapid evaporation, resulting in microfilms with a coffee‐stain‐like morphology and very weak coloration. Here, it is demonstrated that inkjet printing of CNC drops directly through an immiscible oil layer can immediately inhibit water loss, resulting in reduced internal mass flows and greater time for cholesteric self‐assembly. The color of each microfilm is determined by the initial composition of the drop, which can be tuned on‐demand by exploiting the overprinting and coalescence of multiple smaller drops of different inks. This enables the production of multicolored patterns with complex optical behaviors, such as angle‐dependent color and polarization‐selective reflection. Finally, the array can be made responsive to stimuli (e.g., UV light, polar solvent) by the inclusion of a degradable additive. This suite of functional properties promotes inkjet‐printed photonic CNC arrays for smart colorimetric labeling or optical anticounterfeiting applications.
Extreme Nonreciprocity in Metasurfaces Based on Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Máñez‐Espina Luis Manuel , Faniayeu Ihar , Asadchy Viktar , Díaz‐Rubio Ana
Published: November 2023

Nonreciprocal devices, including optical isolators, phase shifters, and amplifiers, are pivotal for advanced optical systems. However, exploiting natural materials is challenging due to their weak magneto‐optical (MO) effects, requiring substantial thickness to construct effective optical devices. In this study, it is demonstrated that subwavelength metasurfaces supporting bound states in the continuum (BICs) and made of conventional ferrimagnetic material can exhibit strong nonreciprocity in the Faraday configuration and near‐unity magnetic circular dichroism (MCD). These metasurfaces enhance the MO effect by 3–4 orders of magnitude compared to a continuous film of the same material. This significant enhancement is achieved by leveraging Huygens' condition in the metasurface whose structural units support paired electric and magnetic dipole resonances. The multi‐mode temporal coupled mode theory (CMT) is developed for the observed enhancement of the MO effect, and the findings with the full‐wave simulations are confirmed.
A PEDOT:PSS‐Based Composite Hydrogel as a Versatile Electrode for Wearable Microneedle Sensing Platforms
Authors: Shirzadi Erfan , Huynh Michelle , GhavamiNejad Peyman , Zheng Hanjia , Saini Agosh , Bakhshandeh Fatemeh , Keyvani Fatemeh , Mantaila Dragos , Rahman Fasih A. , Quadrilatero Joe , Soleymani Leyle , Poudineh Mahla
Published: November 2023

Advances in biomarker detection have acclaimed a new era of biosensors that enable continuous monitoring of health status, device miniaturization, and wearability. This transition toward integrated, wearable biosensors has necessitated the co‐development of novel materials that can adequately support the operation of these devices. In this study, a novel type of electrode is presented that is suitable for use in wearable electrochemical biosensors. The electrode is constructed using a biocompatible composite hydrogel and takes the form of a hydrogel microneedle (HMN) patch. It is specifically designed for analyzing interstitial fluid. The HMN electrode is a combination of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), a highly conductive polymer, and graphene oxide, incorporated into a crosslinked hydrogel network of methacrylated hyaluronic acid. To ensure the successful penetration of the skin, the fabrication process is carefully optimized to create sharp needles. To assess the performance of the HMN electrode, electrochemical tests are conducted using an ex vivo porcine skin model. Additionally, HMN electrode's suitability is demonstrated as the working electrode of a wearable electrochemical biosensor for in vivo measurement using a rat model. The findings highlight the advancement of the HMN electrode array as an alternative to solid microneedles, representing the next generation of polymeric electrodes.
First‐Principles Study on Electronic and Elastic Properties of Co, Ni, Cu, and Mo‐Doped Β‐Si3N4
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhu Yu , Li Tongyang , Wang Lujie , Yu Yuan , Liu Xunyong , Qiao Zhuhui
Published: November 2023

This study employs first‐principles calculations to investigate the structural stability, electronic properties, and elastic properties of Co‐, Ni‐, Cu‐, and Mo‐doped β‐Si3N4. After optimizing the structure of each doped system, it can be determined that all systems are stable structures, as evidenced by the binding energy and forming energy. Then, the electronic properties of the doped systems are analyzed using the energy band and density of states. The findings reveal that the introduction of Co, Ni, and, Cu, reduces the energy bandgap compared to pure Si3N4. More notably, the doping of Mo eliminates the bandgap and results in strong metallicity in the doped systems. Moreover, all doped systems display magnetic moments. Finally, the investigation of elastic properties shows that all doped structures are ductile. The doping of Co, Ni, Cu, and Mo metals improves the toughness of Si3N4. In addition, the doping change of Co is the most obvious. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for future research on the preparation of ductile Si3N4 ceramics.