bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participation and yield of a population-based colorectal cancer screening programme in China
Authors: Chen Hongda , Li Ni , Ren Jiansong , Feng Xiaoshuang , Lyu Zhangyan , Wei Luopei , Li Xin , Guo Lanwei , Zheng Zhaoxu , Zou Shuangmei , Zhang Yueming , Li Jiang , Zhang Kai , Chen Wanqing , Dai Min , He Jie
Published: October 2018

Objective

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been widely implemented in many countries. However, evidence on participation and diagnostic yield of population-based CRC screening in China is sparse.

Design

The analyses were conducted in the context of the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China, which recruited 1 381 561 eligible participants aged 40–69 years from 16 provinces in China from 2012 to 2015. 182 927 participants were evaluated to be high risk for CRC by an established risk score system and were subsequently recommended for colonoscopy. Participation rates and detection of colorectal neoplasms in this programme were reported and their associated factors were explored.

Results

25 593 participants undertook colonoscopy as recommended, with participation rate of 14.0%. High level of education, history of faecal occult blood test, family history of CRC and history of colonic polyp were found to be associated with the participation in colonoscopy screening. Overall, 65 CRC (0.25%), 785 advanced adenomas (3.07%), 2091 non-advanced adenomas (8.17%) and 1107 hyperplastic polyps (4.33%) were detected. Detection rates of colorectal neoplasms increased with age and were higher for men. More advanced neoplasms were diagnosed in the distal colon/rectum (65.2%). Several factors including age, sex, family history of CRC, dietary intake of processed meat and smoking were identified to be associated with the presence of colorectal neoplasms.

Conclusion

The diagnostic yield was not optimal using colonoscopy screening in high-risk populations given the relatively low participation rate. Our findings will provide important references for designing effective population-based CRC screening strategies in the future.
National trends in Fontan operation and in-hospital outcomes in the USA
Authors: Akintoye Emmanuel , Miranda William R , Veldtman Gruschen R , Connolly Heidi M , Egbe Alexander C
Published: October 2018

Background

National prevalence and outcomes of Fontan operation in the USA is unknown. Study objective was to determine trends (temporal change) in the annual volume of Fontan operations, in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications and type of hospital discharge.

Methods

Review of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for patients that underwent Fontan operation from 2001 to 2014 using the International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification procedure code for Fontan operation, that is, 35.94. To evaluate for change in patients’ demographics over the years, we divided the patient population into four groups based on procedure year (2001–2004, 2005–2008, 2009–2011 and 2012–2014).

Results

An estimated 15 934 Fontan operations were performed in the USA from 2001 to 2014. Median (Q1–Q3) age was 3 (2–4) years and 39.8% were female. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome was the most common (29%) congenital heart disease diagnosis. An estimated 1175 procedures were performed in 2001 and 1340 in 2014, but there was no significant change in the number of procedures per year (p=0.47). There was significant decline in in-hospital mortality from 4.5% (53/1175) in 2001 to 1.1% (15/1340) in 2014 (p=0.009). When we compared event rates between 2001–2004 and 2012–2014 periods, there was significant decline in postoperative cardiac complications (12.6% (459/3640) to 8% (378/4706), p=0.007) and respiratory complications (17.1% (623/3640) to 10.2% (481/4706), p<0.001). However, there was increase in the number of patients discharged to home with healthcare assistance or transferred to another acute care facility (5.8% (211/3640) to 9.4% (443/4706), p=0.01) and inflation-adjusted hospitalisation cost (US$46 978 to US$60 383, p<0.001), but no significant change in length of stay (p=0.73).

Conclusion

On the average, 1062 Fontan operations are performed annually in the USA with no change in volume of procedures but a decrease in in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications over a 15-year period.
Understanding participation dilemmas in community mobilisation: can collective action theory help?
Authors: Gram Lu , Daruwalla Nayreen , Osrin David
Published: October 2018

Community mobilisation interventions have been used to promote health in many low-income and middle-income settings. They frequently involve collective action to address shared determinants of ill-health, which often requires high levels of participation to be effective. However, the non-excludable nature of benefits produced often generates participation dilemmas: community members have an individual interest in abstaining from collective action and free riding on others’ contributions, but no benefit is produced if nobody participates. For example, marches, rallies or other awareness-raising activities to change entrenched social norms affect the social environment shared by community members whether they participate or not. This creates a temptation to let other community members invest time and effort. Collective action theory provides a rich, principled framework for analysing such participation dilemmas. Over the past 50 years, political scientists, economists, sociologists and psychologists have proposed a plethora of incentive mechanisms to solve participation dilemmas: selective incentives, intrinsic benefits, social incentives, outsize stakes, intermediate goals, interdependency and critical mass theory. We discuss how such incentive mechanisms might be used by global health researchers to produce new questions about how community mobilisation works and conclude with theoretical predictions to be explored in future quantitative or qualitative research.
Cigarette smoking among those with mental disorders in the US population: 2012–2013 update
Authors: Smith Philip H , Chhipa Mohammad , Bystrik Josef , Roy Jordan , Goodwin Renee D , McKee Sherry A
Published: October 2018

Background

Recent nationally representative estimates from the USA suggest the prevalence of cigarette smoking continues to be much higher among those with mental disorders compared with those without; however, prevalence estimates for current cigarette use by specific diagnoses are outdated.

Methods

We analysed data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III (2012–2013). We estimated the prevalence of lifetime and past-year smoking, lifetime and past-year daily smoking, and lifetime smoking cessation among ever smokers (ie, the quit ratio) among those with common mood, anxiety and substance use disorders in comparison to those without these disorders.

Results

Across disorders, smoking prevalence was higher and the quit ratio was lower among those with common mental disorders compared with those without, with twofold to sixfold relativedifferences in the odds of the magnitude.

Conclusions

Despite tobacco control advances since 2000 and resulting declines in smoking prevalence, smoking remains extraordinarily more common among those with mood, anxiety and substance use disorders, with highest rates among those with bipolar and substance use disorders.
Exploration of new reaction tools for late-stage functionalization of complex chemicals
Authors: Dominguez-Huerta Alejandra , Dai Xi-Jie , Zhou Feng , Querard Pierre , Qiu Zihang , Ung Sosthene , Liu Wenbo , Li Jianbin , Li Chao-Jun
Published: October 2018

Chemistry has always had as a target the conversion of molecules into valuable materials. Nevertheless, the aim of past synthesis has primarily focused on achieving a given transformation, regardless of the environmental impact of the synthetic route. Given the current global situation, the demand for sustainable alternatives has substantially increased. Our group focuses on developing selective chemical transformations that benefit from mild conditions, improved atom economy, and that can make use of renewable feedstocks as starting materials. This account summarizes our work over the past two decades specifically regarding the selective removal, conversion, and addition of functional groups that can, later on, be applied at a late stage for the modification of complex molecules.
The diet of free-ranging male Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in the eastern Bering Sea: a retrospective analysis based on stomach contents of an endangered pinniped
Authors: Sinclair E.H. , Walker W.A. , Gearin P.J.
Published: October 2018

This study illuminates historical diet and foraging locations of endangered western U.S. stock Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776)). Prey were identified from stomachs of 22 males collected in the eastern Bering Sea from the ice edge in March 1985 and nearshore St. Paul Island in September–October 1985 and 1986. Percent frequency of occurrence (PFO) and percent number (PN) were highest for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814; PFO 69%, PN 15%, mean length 17 cm), Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1847; PFO 62%, PN 16%, mean length 26 cm), shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius (Linnaeus, 1758); PFO 54%, PN 30%), and Pacific giant octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini (Wülker, 1910); PFO 39%, PN 8%, mean weight 31 kg) in spring, and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra Orr and Matarese, 2000; PFO 78%, PN 47%, mean length 35 cm), Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius, 1810; PFO 56%, PN 12%, mean length 62 cm), walleye pollock (PFO 44%, PN 7%, mean length 49 cm), and red Irish lord (Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus (Tilesius, 1811); PFO 11%, PN 9%) in fall. Species of Cryptacanthidae, Liparidae, and Zoarcidae were highly represented and exclusive to spring collections. Predictable seasonal concentrations and movements of mature prey along frontal boundaries of the continental shelf and ice edge may be critical to male Steller sea lion fitness during the non-breeding season.
Energy and angular distributions of atmospheric muons at the Earth
Authors: Shukla Prashant , Sankrith Sundaresh
Published: October 2018

A fair knowledge of the atmospheric muon distributions at Earth is a prerequisite for the simulations of cosmic ray setups and rare event search detectors. A modified power law is proposed for atmospheric muon energy distribution which gives a good description of the cosmic muon data in low as well as high energy regime. Using this distribution, analytical forms for zenith angle [Formula: see text] distribution are obtained. Assuming a flat Earth, it leads to the [Formula: see text] form where it is shown that the parameter [Formula: see text] is nothing but the power of the energy distribution. Exact analytical function is obtained for inclined trajectory of muon. A new closed form for zenith angle distribution is obtained without assuming a flat Earth and which gives an improved description of the data at all angles even above [Formula: see text]. These distributions are tested with the available atmospheric muon data of energy and angular distributions. The parameters of these distributions can be used to characterize the cosmic muon data as a function of energy, angle and altitude.
Product-Based Neural Networks for User Response Prediction over Multi-Field Categorical Data
Authors: Qu Yanru , Fang Bohui , Zhang Weinan , Tang Ruiming , Niu Minzhe , Guo Huifeng , Yu Yong , He Xiuqiang
Published: October 2018

User response prediction is a crucial component for personalized information retrieval and filtering scenarios, such as recommender system and web search. The data in user response prediction is mostly in a multi-field categorical format and transformed into sparse representations via one-hot encoding. Due to the sparsity problems in representation and optimization, most research focuses on feature engineering and shallow modeling. Recently, deep neural networks have attracted research attention on such a problem for their high capacity and end-to-end training scheme. In this article, we study user response prediction in the scenario of click prediction. We first analyze a coupled gradient issue in latent vector-based models and propose kernel product to learn field-aware feature interactions. Then, we discuss an insensitive gradient issue in DNN-based models and propose Product-based Neural Network, which adopts a feature extractor to explore feature interactions. Generalizing the kernel product to a net-in-net architecture, we further propose Product-network in Network (PIN), which can generalize previous models. Extensive experiments on four industrial datasets and one contest dataset demonstrate that our models consistently outperform eight baselines on both area under curve and log loss. Besides, PIN makes great click-through rate improvement (relatively 34.67%) in online A/B test.
The Complexity of Independent Set Reconfiguration on Bipartite Graphs
Authors: Lokshtanov Daniel , Mouawad Amer E.
Published: October 2018

We settle the complexity of the I
ndependent
S
et
R
econfiguration
problem on bipartite graphs under all three commonly studied reconfiguration models. We show that under the token jumping or token addition/removal model, the problem is NP-complete. For the token sliding model, we show that the problem remains PSPACE-complete.
Characteristics of Annual and Seasonal Precipitation Variation in the Upstream of Minjiang River, Southwestern China
Authors: Liang Shuqi , Wang Wensheng , Zhang Dan
Published: October 2018

Characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation variation are explored in the upstream of Minjiang River (UMR), Southwestern China, spanning from 1960 to 2015. The moment of method (MOM), linear regression method, Mann–Kendall test, sequential cluster analysis, and Morlet wavelet analysis were utilized. The results clearly show the following: (1) Distribution of precipitation is uneven in space, with more in the south and less in the southeast. Decade average of annual precipitation reached the lowest in the 2000s and increased during 2010–2015 at all gauging stations and UMR. (2) Areal annual precipitation exhibited an insignificant decreasing trend with a rate of 4.47 mm/10a, which was mainly attributable to decreased summer precipitation. Spring precipitation exhibited an insignificant increasing trend and winter precipitation remained unchanged. (3) The change points mainly appeared in the 1980s and 1990s. And the almost periods of study area were generally 2–5 years, 7–11 years, and 15–20 years. (4) The increasing trend of annual precipitation is relatively obvious at higher altitudes, while the decreasing trend is more significant at low altitude stations.
Therapeutic Effects of VEGF Gene-Transfected BMSCs Transplantation on Thin Endometrium in the Rat Model
Authors: Jing Zhao , Yi Yan , Xi Huang , Sun Lun-Quan , Yanping Li
Published: October 2018

Objective. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation has a therapeutic effect on the thin endometrium in animal researches and clinical trials. The present study aims at assessing whether transplantation of VEGF-transfected BMSCs (VEGF-BMSCs) have a better therapeutic effect on endometrial regeneration and endometrial receptivity compared with BMSCs therapy alone. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in the study. Thin endometrium model was established with 95% ethanol injection into uterine. VEGF-BMSCs or BMSCs was transplanted via tail vein IV injection. Endometrial thickness, morphology, and pinopodes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The proteins and mRNAs expressions of markers for endometrial cells and endometrial receptivity were measured after treatment. The fertility testing was done to assess the embryo implantation efficiency. Results. VEGF-BMSCs transplantation significantly increased endometrial thickness compared with the BMSCs group and the control group. There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness between VEGF-BMSCs group and sham operation group. Importantly, in protein level, expressions of cytokeratin, vitamin, VEGF, LIF, and integrin ανβ3 in VEGF-BMSC group were increased dramatically compared with those of the control group and BMSC group both 4 days and 8 days after stem cells transplantation. Accordingly, mRNA expression of LIF and integrin ανβ3 was significantly upregulated compared with those of the control group and BMSC group both 4 and 8 days after treatment. The pinopodes were developed better in the VEGF-BMSCs group and the sham operation group compared with BMSCs group and the control group. The number of embryo implantation is largest in the sham operation group, followed by VEGF-BMSCs group, BMSCs group, and the control group. Conclusions. Transplantation of VEGF gene-transfected BMSCs may be a better therapeutic treatment for thin endometrium than stem cell therapy alone.
Effects of Long‐Term Treatment with a Blend of Highly Purified Olive Secoiridoids on Cognition and Brain ATP Levels in Aged NMRI Mice
Authors: Reutzel Martina , Grewal Rekha , Silaidos Carmina , Zotzel Jens , Marx Stefan , Tretzel Joachim , Eckert Gunter P.
Published: October 2018

Aging represents a major risk factor for developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As components of the Mediterranean diet, olive polyphenols may play a crucial role in the prevention of AD. Since mitochondrial dysfunction acts as a final pathway in both brain aging and AD, respectively, the effects of a mixture of highly purified olive secoiridoids were tested on cognition and ATP levels in a commonly used mouse model for brain aging. Over 6 months, female NMRI mice (12 months of age) were fed with a blend containing highly purified olive secoiridoids (POS) including oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and oleurosid standardized for 50 mg oleuropein/kg diet (equivalent to 13.75 mg POS/kg b.w.) or the study diet without POS as control. Mice aged 3 months served as young controls. Behavioral tests showed deficits in cognition in aged mice. Levels of ATP and mRNA levels of NADH‐reductase, cytochrome‐c‐oxidase, and citrate synthase were significantly reduced in the brains of aged mice indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, gene expression of Sirt1, CREB, Gap43, and GPx‐1 was significantly reduced in the brain tissue of aged mice. POS‐fed mice showed improved spatial working memory. Furthermore, POS restored brain ATP levels in aged mice which were significantly increased. Our results show that a diet rich in purified olive polyphenols has positive long‐term effects on cognition and energy metabolism in the brain of aged mice.
Preliminary Thermal Design and Analysis of Lunar Lander for Night Survival
Authors: Park Tae-Yong , Lee Jang-Joon , Kim Jung-Hoon , Oh Hyun-Ung
Published: October 2018

A lunar lander is exposed to extreme lunar thermal environments with a nighttime of 14.75 earth days. Thus, a proper thermal design is an important task to guarantee a successful lunar mission. This paper describes a preliminary thermal design and analysis results of a lunar lander to ensure its survivability during lunar night. The effectiveness of the thermal designs of a lunar lander with various thermal hardwares was numerically investigated according to the landing candidate areas to determine which design is the most feasible for night survival. In addition, we analyzed the mechanical safety of the solder joint of electronic components in accordance with the operating temperature range, because it is an important factor for reducing the system power budget during night survival.
Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of the Uterus: Rare Manifestation of a Frequent Pathology
Authors: Raposo Maria Inês , Meireles Catarina , Cardoso Mariana , Ormonde Mariana , Ramalho Cristina , Pires Mónica , Afonso Mariana , Petiz Almerinda
Published: October 2018

Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition with few cases reported in the literature. It is usually incidentally diagnosed several years after a primary gynecological surgery for uterine leiomyoma. Differential diagnosis of BML is complex requiring an extensive work-up and exclusion of malignancy. Here, we report two cases of BML based on similarity of histopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic patterns between lung nodules and uterine leiomyoma previously resected, evidencing the variability of clinical and radiological features of BML. We highlight the importance of 19q and 22q deletions as highly suggestive of BML. These findings are particularly relevant when there is no uterine sample for review.
Risk Assessment of Resources Factor in Affecting Project Time
Authors: Husin Saiful , Abdullah Abdullah , Riza Medyan , Afifuddin Mochammad
Published: October 2018

Some risk factors contribute to various adverse effects on project implementation, especially the construction project. Risk needs to be recognized by analyzing the relationship between frequency of risks occurrence and impacts that may arise regarding construction time completion. The superposition of frequency and impact will indicate the risk importance of various risk factors. This research, therefore, aimed to assess the risk importance in time aspects of construction implementation to the contractor as the project executor is associated with the project resource factors. The resource factors reviewed are related to construction labor, materials, and equipment. The object of the study observed is a large qualified contractor company in Aceh Province with experience in the construction field for more than 15 years. The selection of time constraints is linked to the conditions of the company under various situations in Aceh during this period, both during the period of political and military conflicts, in the postdisaster rehabilitation and reconstruction period, and in the post‐rehabilitation and reconstruction period. Characteristics of contractors and risks emerging are observed from the results of questionnaires distributed as instrument of data collection. The three resource factors studied each consists of several risk variables. The use of variables in the questionnaire is determined from the test results related to the validity and reliability of these variables. Risk assessment results of the three factors in the research indicate that the frequency of events and the level of impact of each variable determine the magnitude of the risk importance value. The labor is a factor with higher frequency and intensity of impact than the other two factors of study. Therefore, these factors contribute significantly to the project’s completion time.
Occupational Therapy for Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Mapping Interventions Involving Occupational Therapists
Authors: Nielsen Svetlana Solgaard , Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup
Published: October 2018

Background. Worldwide obesity rates are increasing. The effectiveness of occupational therapy in overweight and obese adults has not yet been clarified. Objectives. The scoping review aimed at examining the evidence on interventions involving occupational therapists in the treatment of adults with overweight and obesity. Methods. Data on interventions involving occupational therapists and reporting on lifestyle-related outcomes in overweight and obese adults was extracted from the databases Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase, including hand and reference search. The scoping review methodology of Arksey and O’Malley was used. Conclusions were based on numerical and narrative analysis. Results. Thirteen articles reporting on eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Several studies showed significant weight loss. However, the studies possessed high heterogeneity and showed insufficient explication of the role and contribution of occupational therapy to the outcomes. Conclusions. The interventions with involvement of occupational therapists were suggested to help short-term weight loss. Occupational therapists contributed to the outcomes with a holistic approach, educating on the role of activity, providing technological support, and promoting enjoyment of being active. There is a need for further documentation of the effectiveness, role, and contributions of occupational therapy in the treatment of overweight and obese adults in all settings.
High HLA-F Expression Is a Poor Prognosis Factor in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Bo , Yang Haihua , Ying Shenpeng , Lu Hongsheng , Wang Wei , Lv Jiaming , Xiong Huacai , Hu Wei
Published: October 2018

Background and Aims. In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), local treatment failure and distant metastasis contribute largely to poor outcomes. The nasopharynx is an important lymphoid tissue, and NPC tumourigenesis and development are partly attributed to immune system disorders. Human leukocyte antigen F (HLA-F) has shown a close correlation with NPC in many genome-wide association studies (GWASs). However, clinical studies rarely explore the relationship of HLA-F expression with the clinical parameters and outcomes in patients with NPC.Methods. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate HLA-F expression in 74 paraffin-embedded NPC tissue sections and then analysed the association between HLA-F expression and clinical parameters and outcomes. The plasma concentration of soluble HLA-F (sHLA-F) in NPC patients and normal controls was also detected, via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. Low, moderate, and high HLA-F expression levels were observed in 47.3% (35/74), 35.1% (26/74), and 17.6% (13/74), respectively, of the tissue samples. HLA-F expression showed a significant correlation with local recurrence (p=0.037) and distant metastasis (p=0.024) and was also an independent factor for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS;p=0.016) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS;p=0.004). Although the mean concentration of plasma sHLA-F in the NPC patients was higher than that in the normal controls (13.63 pg/ml vs. 10.06 pg/ml), no statistical significance was observed (p=0.118).Conclusions. Our study provides the first evidence that high HLA-F expression is associated with NPC local recurrence and distant metastasis and may be regarded as a poor prognostic factor for NPC patients. Additional studies using larger sample sizes may be necessary to determine whether sHLA-F is a feasible NPC diagnostic indicator.
Efficacy of Antenatal Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment in Pregnancies at High Risk due to Alloimmunization to Red Blood Cells
Authors: Mayer Beate , Hinkson Larry , Hillebrand Wiebke , Henrich Wolfgang , Salama Abdulgabar
Published: October 2018

Background: Alloimmunization to red blood cells (RBCs) may result in fetal anemia prior to 20 weeks gestation. The question as to whether early commencement of antenatal treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) may prevent or at least delay the development of fetal anemia in the presence of alloantibodies to RBCs is highly relevant. Patients and Results: Here we describe a patient with high-titer anti-K and two other severely affected pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss due to high-titer anti-D or anti-D plus anti-C. Early commencement of treatment with IVIG (1 g/kg/week) resulted in prevention of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) in the former two cases, and in a significant delay of development of fetal anemia in the remaining case (26 weeks gestation). Conclusion: Based on our findings and of previously published cases, early initiation of treatment of severely alloimmunized women with IVIG (1 g/kg/week) could potentially improve the outcome of fetuses at risk.
Impact of Modern Drug Therapy on Surgery: Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Kuehn Florian , Hodin Richard A.
Published: October 2018

Background: The primary treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is conservative, and substantial therapeutic progress has been made in the past few decades. Meanwhile, biologicals have become a mainstay in the treatment for steroid-refractory UC. Despite further development of drug therapy and an increased time span to operation, a significant proportion of patients with UC require surgical intervention. Surgical intervention needs to be carried out in medically refractory cases, imminent or malignant transformation, or complications. This article discusses the impact of modern drug therapy on surgery for UC. Methods: A selective literature search of PubMed was conducted, taking into account current studies, reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines. Selected articles were then reviewed in detail and recommendations were drafted based on data and conclusions of the articles. Results: In recent years, modern drug therapy has changed the timing, approach, and outcomes of surgery for UC. Most of the studies showed a decrease in surgery rates over time while the rate of emergency colectomies remains unchanged. So far, no convincing surgery-sparing effect of newer medications has been established, and it remains debatable if surgery rates have decreased because of improved management for UC in general or due to the introduction of biologicals. The intensified conservative therapy with increasing use of biologics has been accompanied by a trend towards performing a three-step procedure in the last decade. There is a subset of patients with complex refractory disease who most likely benefit from elective surgery as an alternative to prolonged conservative therapies after failure of first-line treatment. The majority of patients after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis can avoid hospitalizations and colitis-related medications with their associated potential adverse effects. In addition, the procedure substantially reduces UC-related symptoms and the risk for dysplasia or cancer. There is a long-term pouch success rate of >90% after 10 and 20 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Conservative medical therapy in the treatment of UC will continue to develop and the number of approved therapeutics will grow. Surgery should not be considered as the negative endpoint of treatment modalities but as a good alternative to a prolonged conservative therapy for some patients. In conclusion, a close cooperation between the various disciplines in the pre- and postoperative management is essential in order to optimize the timing and outcome of patients with UC.
Pregnancy-Induced Sweet’s Syndrome Treated with Infliximab
Authors: Smolovic Brigita D. , Gajic-Veljic Mirjana D. , Nikolic Milos M. , Muhovic Damir F.
Published: October 2018

Objective: To present a case of relapsing and resistant Sweet’s syndrome that developed during pregnancy together with an onset of Crohn’s disease, showing complete resolution with the use of infliximab. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 30-year-old pregnant woman presented with fever, skin lesions, and diarrhea. Skin biopsy confirmed neutrophilic dermatosis and she was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease after endoscopy. There was no recurrence of Sweet’s syndrome outside of her pregnancy. During a previous pregnancy, while corticosteroids were ineffective, complete regression of skin lesions was achieved using infliximab. Conclusion: The “off-label” use of infliximab is beneficial for relapsing and resistant Sweet’s syndrome.
Retórica e Memória na Roma Antiga
Authors: Scatolin Adriano
Published: October 2018

O artigo apresenta o tratamento teórico da memória no sistema retórico antigo, exemplicando-o com relatos anedóticos tomados a Cícero e Quintiliano. Depois de breve introdução (I), expõe-se a importância da memória para os romanos, de maneira geral, e para os oradores em específico (II); as metáforas aplicadas à memória pelos antigos (III); as guras históricas notórias, na Antiguidade, por sua memória prodigiosa (IV); a diferença entre memória natural e memória articial (V); o sistema mnemotécnico dos lugares e imagens (VI); os exemplos de bom e mau uso da memória pelos oradores (VII); e uma breve conclusão (VIII).
Autonomia da música e o papel do compositor na vanguarda pós-1950
Authors: Oliveira Ísis Biazioli de , Videira Mário
Published: October 2018

Um dos marcos iniciais do processo de autonomização da arte musical foi a publicação do ensaio Do Belo Musical(1854). Nele, o crítico Eduard Hanslick já estabelecia a exigência de que a música fosse considerada em virtude de sua coerência interna, enquanto “formas sonoras em movimento”. Ao defender uma estética do “especificamente musical”, Hanslick é tido como o inaugurador do formalismo em música, corrente que será desenvolvida na primeira metade do século XX por compositores como Schoenberg, Berg e, principalmente, Webern. Décadas mais tarde, alguns jovens compositores ligados à Escola de Darmstadt colocarão em questão o conceito de forma musical e de “obra”, tal como eram compreendidos até então. Ao procurar uma autonomia radical, a música tenderia a se autonomizar do próprio compositor, correndo o risco de cair em automatismos – sejam eles matemáticos ou aleatórios. A partir das discussões realizadas durante um congresso intitulado “Forma na Nova Música” (organizado no âmbito dos Internationale Ferienkurse für Neue Musik em Darmstadt – 1965) e alguns textos complementares, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo expor, discutir e relacionar as posições de Theodor Adorno, György Ligeti, Pierre Boulez e Carl Dahlhaus a respeito da crise da forma musical no século XX e sua relação com o lugar do sujeito criador na composição musical na vanguarda pós-1950.
Aplicação de uma ferramenta musicológica em documentos musicais de um acervo bicentenário
Authors: Tenório Filho Antonio , Fonseca Modesto Flávio Chagas
Published: October 2018

O surgimento do arquivo da Orquestra Lira Sanjoanense teve início em meados da segunda metade do século XVIII. Ao longo de mais de dois séculos de existência o histórico arquivo musical dessa instituição vem preservando um vasto acervo documental, possuindo diversos tipos de obras musicais, de diferentes estilos e compositores variados.  Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar através da utilização da ferramenta Tradição Diplomática Documental a complexidade e importância do arquivo da Orquestra Lira Sanjoanense para o campo musicológico sul-americano. Baseou-se nos argumentos de BELLOTTO (2006); BERWANGER e LEAL (2012) a respeito da ferramenta Tradição Diplomática e no estudo dos documentos musicais encontrados no arquivo da referida instituição. O conteúdo do arquivo histórico da Lira Sanjoanense revela um rico passado musical. A utilização da ferramenta Tradição Diplomática permitiu o auxílio no estudo minucioso desse trabalho, contribuindo para a demonstração da diversidade e importância do arquivo musical em estudo.
A obra de câmara de Jorge Peixinho
Authors: Monteiro Francisco
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho é uma reflexão sobre a totalidade da obra de câmara (até 5 instrumentos e vozes) de Jorge Peixinho (1940-1995), numa perspectiva informada através do estudo dos manuscritos, de catálogos atualizados e analisados criticamente, da edição crítica de obras já realizada num projeto específico, e de estudos parciais, dos quais se salientam estudos críticos sobre a obra para piano e sobre a obra para voz, sobre o G.M.C.L. (Grupo de Música Contemporânea de Lisboa), sobre os escritos e o pensamento de J. P., e trabalhos de pesquisa de investigadores diversos. O trabalho apresenta uma visão sistemática e crítica sobre diversas facetas estéticas e técnicas presentes no corpus analisado, tentando uma caracterização desse mesmo conjunto de obras e do seu compositor.
A Humoreske Op. 20 de Schumann e a Urlinie de Schenker
Authors: Barros Guilherme Sauerbronn
Published: October 2018

A perspectiva adotada neste artigo procura enfatizar a dimensão estrutural da “Voz Interior” (Innere Stimme) na Humoreske Op.20 de Schumann. Para tanto, são utilizados conceitos e técnicas de análise propostos por Heinrich Schenker. Nessa aproximação entre a “voz interior” e a Urlinie, serão utilizados textos que discutem especificamente a natureza da Urlinie, presentes em Tonwille I e II, e em Das Meisterwerk I e II, publicados por Schenker entre os anos de 1921 e 1926.
LA AGUDEZA HAYDNIANA EN EL PRINCIPIO DRAMÁTICO DE LOS CUARTETOS OP. 59 DE BEETHOVEN
Authors: Gudemos Mónica
Published: October 2018

En este trabajo se observa la asimilación dramática que Beethoven, principalmente en sus cuartetos de cuerda de estilo compositivo medio, hizo de la agudeza (Witz) haydniana.  Agudeza que, para la crítica de finales del siglo XVIII significó fuente de vituperación ya sea por la falta de rigor técnico o por la falta de «decoro», permitió establecer discursivamente ciertos niveles de sentido que más tarde Beethoven profundizaría en la definición de su propio estilo.
A Domain-General Sense of Confidence in Children
Authors: Baer Carolyn , Gill Inderpreet K. , Odic Darko
Published: October 2018

Our minds constantly evaluate the confidence in what we see, think, and remember. Previous work suggests that confidence is a domain-general currency in adulthood, unifying otherwise independent sensory and perceptual representations. Here, we test whether children also possess a domain-general sense of confidence over otherwise independent perceptual dimensions. Six- to 9-year-olds completed either three simple perceptual discrimination tasks—a number task (“Which group has more dots?”), an area task (“Which blob is bigger?”), and an emotions task (“Which face is happier?”)—or three relative confidence tasks, selecting which of two trials they are more confident on. We find that while children’s discrimination performance across the three tasks was independent and constituted three separate factors, children’s confidence in each of three dimensions was strongly correlated and constituted only a single factor. Our results suggest that confidence is a domain-general currency even in childhood, providing a mechanism by which disparate perceptual representations could be integrated.
Merleau-Ponty on the Mirror Stage: Affect and the Genesis of the Body Proper in the Sorbonne Lectures
Authors: Whitney Shiloh
Published: October 2018

While Merleau-Ponty’sPhenomenology of Perceptionrelies on the descriptive register of the body proper, his Sorbonne lectures on child psychology investigate the genesis of the experience of a body as one’s own. I demonstrate the uniqueness of Merleau-Ponty’s account of the narcissistic affect and sociality involved in this developmental process, distinguishing his account vis-à-vis Wallon’s and Lacan’s studies of the mirror stage. I conclude that in Merleau-Ponty’s account, (1) the experience of the body proper is not singular, but encompasses a range of phenomenological variation; and (2) the genesis of the body proper is not confined to the mirror stage. The production of bodily boundaries is an ongoing process identified not only with its advent in childhood, but also with adult emotional life. The boundaries between inner and outer domains of perception are not merely discovered, but must be negotiated and cultivated in the intercorporeal affective dramas of adult life.
Erwin Straus: Suggestion and Hypnosis
Authors: Rojcewicz Stephen J. , Beshai James A.
Published: October 2018

Despite his major contributions to phenomenology, the writings on suggestion and hypnosis by Erwin Straus (1891–1975) have been underappreciated. In his German language publications of 1925 and 1927, Straus argues that we cannot elucidate the phenomenon of suggestion solely or even primarily through experimental design, a narrow natural scientific viewpoint, or an emphasis on abnormal or special states of dissociation. In contrast, a phenomenological study that begins with everyday experience demonstrates that suggestion is part of normal experience, and its understanding must include the possibility both of acceptance and of rejection. Straus’s arguments in these essays are enhanced by his later books and articles developing the I-Allon relationship, the process of we-formation, and the distinction of pathic and gnostic moments of sensation and perception. By fully situating the phenomenon within theLebenswelt, Straus’s analysis of suggestion is a major contribution to phenomenology.
Esthetic Languages of the Book in Fin-de-Siècle France: Japonisme, Symbolism, and Art Nouveau in the Private Library of Henri Vever
Authors: Silverman Willa Z.
Published: October 2018

The private diaries written between 1898 and 1901 by the French jeweler, art collector, and bibliophile Henri Vever (1854-1942) provide fresh evidence about how important late-nineteenth century esthetic ‘languages’ (japonisme, Symbolism, Art Nouveau) were appropriated by artists committed to renewing the decorative arts; the diaries also address the meaning and status of books. For Vever, his extensive collection of Japanese pattern albums served, above all, a utilitarian function, as design primers and sources of information about printing and engraving techniques for craft modernizers. At the same time, included in the physical space of his ‘Japanese library’ and in line with Symbolist esthetics, Japanese books were, to Vever, suggestive bibelots, whose evocative powers were enhanced through inclusion in harmonious decors. Vever’s experiments in Art Nouveau book design, finally, reveal his additional conception of the book as both surface to be decorated and space of artistic collaboration underscoring the equality of all arts.
Roman Catholic Streams of Hindu-Christian Dialogue
Authors: Beltramini Enrico
Published: October 2018

This article presents an intellectual analysis of different streams of Hindu-Christian dialogue. The focus is on a group of Western Catholic clergymen who relocated to India, specifically from 1939-55, to establish an advanced form of interreligious encounter with Hinduism. The article focuses on the difference among these priests’ and monks’ distinct interpretations of the interfaith dialogue rather than the general goals behind their engagement with India. In the light of Dominus Jesus, their distinct interpretations, rather than their convergent motivations, deserve detailed consideration.
A Call for Hospitality
Authors: Thomas Gabrielle
Published: October 2018

During the past decade, global conferences on Receptive Ecumenism have directed ecumenists’ attention to the importance of hospitality for the flourishing of Receptive Ecumenism; this has been discussed conceptually, but not yet with respect to practice. In order to explore a practical example of hospitality within Receptive Ecumenism, I draw on a case study concerning a particular group of Catholic women in the Midlands, U.K. who organize small-scale, women-only Receptive Ecumenism conferences at grass roots. Through reflecting theologically upon their practices, important learning arises, which shapes the nature of hospitality required for Receptive Ecumenism. Further to this, against the backdrop of Christ’s radical hospitality, a prophetic call unfolds, which challenges the churches’ own hospitality to women and their reception of women’s gifts.
Unusual Readers in Early Modern Istanbul
Authors: Sezer Aydınlı Elif
Published: October 2018

New social groups such as janissaries, artisans, madrasa students, and ‘middle-class’ bureaucrats have gradually increased their visibility in the social, cultural, and literary landscape of early modern Ottoman Istanbul. Scholars have discussed this new visibility, among others, by observing official regulations, contemporary Ottoman chronicles and travel accounts, artistic and architectural transformation, diversification of literary genres, and the socio-economic background of their writers. In this article, I offer another modest and intimate first-hand source for elucidating the habitus of these new urban agents: visual and written notes on the manuscripts of popular storybooks dating from the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Thanks to these notes on hundreds of manuscripts, we learn about political standings, literary tastes, codes of identity formation, the ways of self-depiction, social networks, and emotions of Ottoman individuals. By focusing in particular on the notes and doodles of Janissaries on popular heroic narratives, I argue that the gesture of taking notes and drawing symbols on a manuscript is a way of taking a stance against the political, religious, and literary authorities.
Creating a Cultural Repertoire Based on Texts
Authors: Bahl Christopher D.
Published: October 2018

The early modern South Asian sultanate of Bijapur (9/15 th–11/17 th c.) represented a rich centre for the transmission of manuscripts by both the court and local Sufi communities. Thus far, Richard Eaton has mainly concentrated on prosopographical sources to write a social history of the Sufis of Bijapur. However, Arabic manuscripts as they survive in the Royal Library of Bijapur can provide a documentary perspective that testifies to the Deccan’s transregional connections with the wider Western Indian Ocean and the cultural practices transacted by Sufis in Bijapur. In this article, I focus on Sayyid Zayn ʿAbdallāh ibn al-Muqaybil’s (d. 1130/1718) manuscripts, transcribed during his travels from Yemen to Bijapur during the second half of the 17th century. I study the paratextual profile of these manuscripts to advance an argument on modalities of manuscript transmission through the transregional scholarly and Sufi networks of Bijapur. Thus, this study will exemplify the socio-cultural significance of manuscript circulation in the context of the early modern Deccan.
The Many Faces of a Para-Fascist Culture: Architecture, Politics and Power in Vargas’ Regime (1930–1945)
Authors: Trajano Filho Francisco Sales
Published: October 2018

This article considers key developments in Brazilian architecture which occurred under the ambiguous and contradictory Vargas’ regime (1930–1945), when it was exposed to both internal and external political contingencies, including the crisis of liberalism, which affected its ability to expand and consolidate itself. This situation was not unique to Brazil, since many interwar dictatorships, including the Soviet and fascist regimes, shared the same characteristics. In the Brazilian twentieth century, both during democratic and dictatorial times, whether dominated by left-wing or right-wing ideologies, architecture and the State constantly sought to take advantage of the relationship between them. The demands, projects and interests of both spheres set up an intricate web of relationships that shaped national identity and embodied its material representation. Investigating the place of architecture within a broader context, that of the Brazilian nation-building process, the article establishes that the architectural representation of the Brazilian state was never straight forward, combining a set of breakthroughs and setbacks, and always leaving the quest for a uniform and coherent aesthetic language unsolved. This anomalous situation has led scholarship to disregard the complex relationship between the State and architecture, between ideology and aesthetics and, simultaneously, to ignore the profound contradictions within Vargas’s government, both in the political and architectural field, and to underestimate the role played by the modernism of European fascism in acting as one of the poles of attraction acting on how building projects were conceived.
‘Islamofascism’: Four Competing Discourses on the Islamism-Fascism Comparison
Authors: Bar-On Tamir
Published: October 2018

With the dramatic rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, we witnessed the revival of the Islamism-fascism comparison. This paper begins with a short history of the Islamism-fascism comparison. It then argues that both Islamism and fascism are coherent political ideologies. The author proposes a four-fold typology of different discourses in respect of the Islamism-fascism comparison, which are called ‘Thou shall not compare’, ‘Islamofascism’, ‘Islamofascism as epithet’, and ‘Dare to compare’. It’s concluded that we should compare Islamism and fascism, but that the two ideologies are distinctive, totalitarian ideologies. Clerical fascism is the closest ideologically to Islamism, although it is also a distinctive political ideology.