bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orthodontic retreatment: positive effects on the patient’s self-esteem and quality of life
Authors: FREITAS Laíze Rosa Pires , OLIVEIRA Dauro Douglas
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: An increasing percentage of the world’s population has had access to orthodontic treatment within the last few decades. Consequently, a larger number of patients seeking for correction of their malocclusions, nowadays, present with a history of previous orthodontic therapy. Orthodontists performing retreatments in their practice may have to face additional difficulties, and one of them is treating individuals that may be even more demanding for excellent results and efficient treatments. Objectives: This manuscript discusses the challenges faced when performing orthodontic retreatments. It illustrates a two-phase retreatment of a pre-adolescent and the ortho-surgical retreatment of a young adult with high demands for fast and exceptional results. Finally, this paper elaborates on the positive impacts that these retreatments had on the patients’ self-esteem and quality of life.
VAREJO EM DESMATERIALIZAÇÃO: EXPERIÊNCIA DA LIVRARIA NAS DIMENSÕES FÍSICA E VIRTUAL
Authors: Pena Maria Silvia Moliterno , Brito Eliane Pereira Zamith
Published: October 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo é o entendimento do papel e da relevância da loja física no varejo contemporâneo em processo de desmaterialização. A literatura sugere que a loja física mantém a relevância no varejo integrado como lugar da experiência, entretanto não detalha, pela perspectiva do consumidor, o que determina a relevância e que experiências emergem da loja física. Partindo do conceito de cocriação da experiência por empresa e consumidor, verificamos que a experiência de cada consumidor é única e que a relevância da loja é determinada pelas características pessoais do consumidor. Identificamos os tipos de experiência que emergem da loja física e da loja virtual, e o papel da tecnologia no empoderamento do consumidor. Como contribuição gerencial, nosso estudo fornece subsídios para a gestão do varejo com dimensões física e virtuais integradas. Determinamos que, nas livrarias, segmento fortemente impactado pela desmaterialização, as características pessoais que determinam a relevância da loja física são relacionadas ao apreço pela leitura e apego ao mundo material, e as experiências que emergem da loja são Lugar de Compra, Garimpo, Portal da Magia e Refúgio do Lar. Os resultados são específicos do contexto, mas direcionam a análise da desmaterialização do varejo em geral.
Concepção de sexo e sexualidade no ocidente: origem, história e atualidade
Authors: Senem Cleiton José , Caramaschi Sandro
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo teórico das concepções de sexo e sexualidade na história ocidental. Compreende-se sexo como uma dimensão física e biológica relativa aos órgãos sexuais e à genitalidade assim como o próprio ato sexual, e sexualidade é compreendida como uma dimensão histórica e cultural com relação à qualidade das vivências sexuais. Ao analisar a história ocidental é possível perceber que a sexualidade foi influenciada por modelos matriarcais e, principalmente patriarcais, vivenciando momentos de maior abertura ou repressão, além de considerar as influências da religião, da filosofia e da medicina.
Violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes: identificação, consequências e indicações de manejo
Authors: Von Hohendorff Jean , Dapieve Patias Naiana
Published: October 2021

A Violência Sexual (VS) contra crianças e adolescentes é um problema de saúde publica que costuma produzir consequências na vida das vítimas. Embora a VS afete milhões de crianças e adolescentes no Brasil e no mundo, ela ainda é subnotificada. Neste cenário, os profissionais que possuem contato com essa população têm papel fundamental na identificação e na escuta das revelações de VS. No entanto, nem sempre os profissionais possuem informações suficientes para agir diante destes casos. Desta forma, este artigo tem o intuito de descrever o(s) conceito(s) de VS, suas consequências e indicações de manejo. Ressalta-se a importância dos profissionais terem uma escuta empática em situações de revelação da VS, bem como a necessidade de notificação dos casos de suspeita de VS aos serviços competentes.
Samuel Rochotius könyvei a Rákóczi család gyűjteményében
Authors: Oláh Róbert
Published: October 2021

Samuel Rochotius à Rochiczerberga (ante 1580 – post 1629) was a minister ot the Czech Brethren at Prusinowitz, Moravia (today: Prusinovice, Czech Republic) in 1607. After 1624 as an exile he found asylum at Lednic (today: Lednica, Slovakia) of the dowry of Zsuzsanna Lorántffy, György Rákóczi’s wife. Rákóczi bought a part of his library, helping the minister’s financial difficulties in 1629. This time we introduce eleven books of the minister’s former library (seven in Sárospatak, two in Debrecen and two in Budapest now), giving detailed description and analysis of the works preserved in the volumes. Bible commentaries, theological controversies, the ’opera omnia’ of Melanchthon and a collection of funeral sermons and elegies testify the Moravian minister’s high erudition.
Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsified Microextraction Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent for Trace Residue Analysis of Metribuzin in Urine Samples
Authors: Pourhossein Mehran , Heravizadeh Omid Reza , Omidi Fariborz , Khadem Monireh , Shahtaheri Seyed Jamaleddin
Published: October 2021

Deep eutectic solvent was used as extraction solvent to develop and optimize a new sample preparation method for the determination of metribuzin in urine samples. In order to determine the optimal values of the effective factors in the deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction method, six effective parameters were selected. The design of experiments was performed using the onevariable- at-a-time method. Totally, 96 experimental runs were performed, and the samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curve for metribuzin was linear in the concentration range of 5 to 500 μg L-1 for urine samples. The accuracy and reproducibility of the introduced method were determined using the relative recovery (RR %) and relative standard deviation (RSD %) tests on the fortified urine samples. RR % and RSD % were found to be 96.3 – 101.7 % and 3.2 – 7.6 %, respectively. The limit of quantification and the limit of detection were obtained 5 and 0.8 μg L-1, respectively.
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Bağlamında Yaşlılığın Temsili: Televizyon Reklamları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: YASA Fatma
Published: October 2021

Reklamlar toplumsal değerleri yansıtma, yeniden üretme ve şekillendirme gücüne sahiptir. Bu doğrultuda
yaşlılığa dair değerlerin de reklamlar aracılığıyla yansıtıldığı, yeniden üretildiği ve şekillendirildiğini ileri
sürmek yanlış olmaz. Diğer yandan Türkiye’de reklamlarda yaşlı temsillerine yönelik yapılmış çalışmalar
bu temsillerde farklı değişkenlerin belirleyiciliğini ortaya koyma konusunda sınırlı bilgiler sunmaktadır.
Bu araştırmanın ana amacı Türkiye’de yaşlı bireylerin reklamlarda nasıl temsil edildiğini ve bu temsillerde
cinsiyet rollerinin belirleyici olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla televizyon reklamlarında yer
alan 50 yaş ve üzeri bireyler nicel içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. 4 Ocak – 2 Şubat 2021 tarihleri
arasında “prime time” olarak adlandırılan saatlerde (20.00-22.59) ulusal televizyon kanallarında en çok
izlenen programlar sırasında yayınlanan 2.908 adet reklamda yer alan 468 yaşlı kişi analiz edilmiştir. Veri
analizinde frekans ve ki-kare testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, her iki cinsiyetin de demografik
gerçekliğe kıyasla yetersiz temsil edildiğini ortaya koymuş olsa da yanlış ve yetersiz temsil örneklerine yaşlı
kadınlarda daha yüksek oranda rastlanmıştır. Reklamlarda yaşlı kadınlar ağırlıklı olarak evde, büyükanne,
ebeveyn veya eş rolünde, aktif olmayan bir şekilde resmedilirlerken; yaşlı erkekler ağırlıklı olarak iş yerinde,
aktif, bekar ve önemli rollerde gösterilmişlerdir. Bu bağlamda kalıplaşmış toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine dair
dayatmaların reklamlardaki yaşlı temsilleri aracılığıyla yeniden üretildiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Optimal design of tuned mass dampers through differential evolution method for reducing the dynamic response of structures subjected to earthquake loads
Authors: Caicedo-Díaz Daniel Alejandro , Lara-Valencia Luis Augusto , Valencia-González Yamile
Published: October 2021

This paper introduces a methodology for the optimal design of passive Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) to control the dynamic response of buildings subjected to earthquake loads. The selection process of the optimal design parameters is carried out through a metaheuristic approach based on differential evolution (DE) which is a fast, efficient, and precise technique that does not require high computational efforts. The algorithm is aimed to reduce the maximum horizontal peak displacement of the structure and the root mean square (RMS) response of displacements as well. Furthermore, four more objective functions derived from multiple weighted linear combinations of the two previously mentioned parameters are also studied to obtain the most efficient TMD design configuration. A parallel process based on an exhaustive search (ES) with precision to 2 decimal positions is used to validate the optimization methodology based on DE. The proposed methodology is then applied to a 32-story case-study derived from an actual building structure and subjected to different ground acceleration registers. The best dynamic performance of the building is observed when the greatest weight is given to the RMS response of displacement in the optimization process. Finally, the numerical results reveal that the proposed methodology based on DE is effective in finding the optimal TMD design configuration by reducing the maximum floor displacement up to 4% and RMS values of displacement of up to 52% in the case-study building.
Photoplethysmography (PPG) Scheming System Based on Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filter Design in Biomedical Applications
Authors:   Department of Electronic Engineering, Yangon Technological University, Yangon, Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Tun Hla Myo
Published: October 2021

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive technique that measures relative blood volume changes in the blood vessels close to the skin. This research work intends to design a real-time filtering system. There are two main parts in this heart rate detection system: the data-gathering portion and real-time processing. Both processing includes preprocessing and filtering in which PPG signals derive from the pulse sensor in the data-gathering stage. It filters from PPG signal in real-time processing. In the data-gathering stage, the PPG signal is first derived from the pulse sensor, and then it is preprocessed to remove noise and enhance the signal quality to collect the paired-pulse index (PPI). After the signal has been preprocessed, the PPI is extracted from the signal, and this signal with features is collected as a data point to give an input signal for Raspberry Pi to draw the heat rate plot. In this system implementation, the pulse sensor is used to detect the heart-beat information of blood stream. This computer-aided system may also help patients save their time being spent waiting for doctors’ decisions. Biomedical analysis, digital signal processing, image processing, and data analysis become important factors for the automatic diagnosis system.
Chinese Moral Education -- Past and Now
Authors:   Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China, Lei Zhuofan
Published: October 2021

Moral education has been a significant domain in the Chinese education system. With the influence of Confucianism and Socialism, Chinese people have their understanding of morality. From the Qing era to the post-Mao era, Chinese society has undergone a series of dramatic social changes, which also transformed moral education. Based on the Durkheim’s theories on the moral education and society, this paper would analyze the moral education in China from the background, contents, methods, and effectiveness in four eras to see the relationship between Chinese moral education and Chinese society.
Fiscal Policy, Private Consumption, and Economic Growth among the Economic Community of West African States
Authors: Adelowokan Oluwaseyi Adedayo
Published: October 2021

This study examines the impact of fiscal policy and private consumption on economic growth among the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) spanning from 1988 to 2017 using the Panel Pool Mean Group. The results depicted that the government’s recurrent expenditure for growth was inversely but significant to economic growth, while capital expenditure was positively and statistically significant to explain economic growth in Nigeria. It can be seen that capital expenditure is vital for economic growth. Besides, private consumption’s negative effect on economic growth was a disconnection between economic output and private consumption. The results further showed that tax revenues in ECOWAS countries had a positive and significant influence on economic growth. Therefore, the study recommends re-visit government policy(ies) channeling government spending to increase ECOWAS output rates and spur regional economic growth.
MiR-21-5p inhibition attenuates Warburg effect and stemness maintenance in osteosarcoma cells via inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Yu Yi , Wu Ziyan , Zhou Zhong , Zhang Weiguo
Published: October 2021

MicroRNA (miR)-21 has been found to be overexpressed in osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of miR-21-5p on the Warburg effect and stemness maintenance in OS cells and its potential molecular mechanism. Herein, miR-21-5p was overexpressed or inhibited in MG-63 cells via transfection with mimics or inhibitors. The effect of miR-21-5p on cell viability, apoptosis, Warburg effect and stemness maintenance were explored in OS cells. The results demonstrated that miR-21-5p inhibition suppressed MG-63 cell viability and enhanced their apoptosis. Additionally, miR-21-5p inhibition attenuated the stemness maintenance of MG-63 cells, as demonstrated by the reduced proportion of CD133-positive MG-63 cells, the decrease in tumorsphere formation capacity, and the downregulation of Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog proteins. Moreover, miR-21-5p inhibition suppressed the Warburg effect in MG-63 cells, as indicated by the decrease in glucose uptake, lactic acid production, and ATP level and the downregulation of proteins involved in the Warburg effect (GLUT1, LDHA, HK2, and PKM2). Furthermore, the results suggested that the effect of miR-21-5p suppression on stemness and the Warburg effect may be associated with the decreased activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in OS cells. Our findings suggest a novel potential biomarker for OS therapy.
Implementing Structured Curriculum in an After-School Physical Activity Program
Authors: West Taylor , Boyd Michael , Holeva-Eklund Whitney , Liebert Mina , Schuna John , Behrens Timothy
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influences of a structured after-school program on student physical activity for third- through fifth-grade students at five schools in southern Colorado. The study utilized a pretest–posttest intervention design in which six elementary schools in a low socioeconomic status school district in southern Colorado were recruited to implement a structured curriculum into their existing after-school physical activity program. Four observations at each school were taken approximately 6 weeks apart during the 2014–2015 academic year. Randomly selected students (n = 187) were measured for height and weight at each observation and wore accelerometers during after-school physical activity. Descriptive statistics and independent sample t tests were calculated for a comparison of physical activity before and after the implementation of the structured after-school program. Students wore accelerometers an average of 45.72 ± 10.28 min/session. Total physical activity increased significantly from 36.21 ± 6.41 to 41.14 ± 6.76 min/session (p < 0.001). Moderate physical activity increased significantly from 9.29 ± 3.84 to 12.10 ± 5.96 min/session (p < 0.001), whereas vigorous activity significantly decreased from 8.02 ± 4.39 to 5.54 ± 5.32 min/session (p < 0.001). Overall, implementing a structured after-school program may be beneficial in increasing total physical activity, though its role in improving physical activity intensity is questionable. Subscribe to TPE
Efficacy of immune-strengthening functional drinks in top-level athletes: a questionnaire survey-based research
Authors: Lee Minchul , Lee Jin-Sook , Kim Kyunghee , Kim Chanju
Published: October 2021

[Purpose] Functional beverages are intended to support those who want to maintain optimal physical condition and improve their quality of life through the enhancement of heart health, immunity, and digestion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of top-level athletes consuming immune-strengthening conditioning nutritional drinks.[Methods] A total of 107 top-level athletes (baseball (56 players), pro volleyball (17), athletics (16), cycling (8), golf (6), and fencing (6)) participated in the experiment. They consumed an immune-enhancing functional beverage once a day for 8 weeks and responded to a survey before, during, and after drinking the beverage.[Results] Three total aspect-based subfactors were drawn from 24 questions in the factor analysis: physical, satisfaction with mental stability, and activity in performance. The physical, mental stability and performance changes of athletes significantly increased in period 2 (4 weeks after intake) and period 3 (after 8 weeks of intake).[Conclusion] We evaluated the efficacy of a new conditioned beverage containing Lactobacillus B240 and protein in improving the performance and physiological utility of top athletes. This functional drink may gain popularity among those seeking health benefits and improved exercise performance.
Effectiveness of Selected Issues of Used Tyre Management in Poland
Authors: Przydatek Grzegorz , Budzik Grzegorz , Janik Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to assess selected issues regarding used tyre management efficiency in Poland from 2008 to 2018, considering their generation, collection, recovery and accumulation per area based on European Union and national regulations. Within 11 years, over 5 million Mg of used tyres were introduced into the domestic market, exceeding the amount for 50 million registered vehicles. A significant process in tyre waste management was the recovery of 47% of tyres, almost entirely correlated with the total volume of tyres. Only the growth trend of the generated tyres was considered significant, and the rarely used indicator of the accumulation of used tyres per area exhibited an uneven accumulation of used tyres with the highest amount at 48.06 Mg km− 2 in a region with a small area but a significant volume of waste tyres. Therefore, management of used tyres requires taking action in the country to optimise increasing waste collection and rational recovery in the context of further minimising environmental pressure and increasing the efficiency of their use, considering advanced technology.
Influence of forage proportion and ensiling periods on physical characteristics and qualities of Panicum maximum (Ntchisi) and Stylosanthes guianensis silage
Authors: okukenu Oluwafemi Adeyemi , Okunogbe Sunday Olawale , Afolabi Rashidat Adewunmi , Dele Peter Aniwe , Akinyemi Bolanle Temitope , Amisu Ahmed Adeyemi , Jolaosho Alaba Olufunmilayo , Onifade Olufemi Sunday
Published: October 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of proportion of grass-legume mixtures and ensiling periods on the physical characteristics and qualities of Panicum maximum and Stylosanthes guainensis silage. The experiment was laid in a 2×3 factorial arrangement which comprised of two (2) forage proportions (100% and 50%:50%) and three (3) ensiling periods (30, 60 and 90 days). Results showed that there was only significant (p<0.05) different on pH as affected by ensiling periods whereby the pH values decline as the ensiling periods increases. The highest (p<0.05) CP (10.75%) and NFC (15.33%) contents was observed in equal proportion of P. maximum and S. guianensis silage. The effect of ensiling period effect on the proximate composition was significant (p<0.05) whereby P. maximum and S. guianensis ensiled for 90 days recorded the highest value for dry matter (DM) (96.88%) and ether extract (EE) (5.50) while P. maximum and S. guianensis ensiled for 30 days had highest CP content of 12.70%. Effect of proportion was significant (p<0.05) on the NDF, ADF and cellulose contents. Sole P. maximum silage had higher NDF (59.67%), ADF (33.83%) and cellulose (29.17%) contents compared to other proportion. There was declined in NDF and ADF contents as the ensiling period extended from 30 to 90 days in which silage ensiled at 90 days had the least content of 54.00 and 32.25% respectively. It is therefore concluded that silage made from equal proportion of P. maximum and S. guainensis silage had the highest crude protein and low structural components.
Time to Death and Its Predictors Among Neonates Admitted With Neonatal Sepsis at Public Referral Hospitals of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abebia Mekdes Tadesse , Kibret Getasew Tesfa , Belete Minyichil Birhanu , Asmare Azeb Geddif , Abate Mahlet Tamirat , Abebe Silenat Muluken , Wondfraw Haileyesus Gedamu , Wuletaw Dagmawit Zewdu
Published: October 2021

Background: In spite of recent advances in health care, neonatal sepsis is still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates and is an ongoing major global public health challenge. Its incidence of mortality varies from health institution to health institution and within the same health institution at varied times and depends on predisposing factors. So the aim of this study was to determine the time to death and its predictors among neonates admitted with neonatal sepsis. Methods: An institutional based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 500 randomly selected neonatal charts. The data was entered using Epi data version 3.1, and exported to and analyzed at STATA version 14. Bivariable and multivariable cox regression analysis were conducted to identify predictors of mortality. Association was summarized using adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and statistical significances were declared at 95% CI and P-value <0.05. Proportionality assumption was tested by global test based on Schoenfeld residuals analysis. Results: During the follow up time, 58 (11.6%) neonates were died with neonatal sepsis while the rest were censored. In this study the overall death incidence rate was 20.5 per 1000 neonate days. Comorbidity (AHR: 1.81, 95%, CI: 1.04, 3.17), late initiation of exclusive breast feeding over one hour (AHR: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.13,4.63), history of intra-partum fever(AHR: 7.37 95%CI: 2.28,23.79), Birth weight (AHR: 3.37, 95%CI: 1.54, 7.34) and place of delivery(AHR: 3.83, 95%, CI: 1.24, 11.83) were found potential independent predictors of mortality among neonates with neonatal sepsis.Conclusion: In this study, high death incidence rate was observed. The mean time to death among neonates was 4.41 days. With regard to predictors: birth weight, comorbidity, late initiation of exclusive breast feeding over one hour, history of intra partum fever and place of delivery were significant predictors of mortality among neonates admitted with neonatal sepsis.
Effectiveness of Rocking Wall Tuned Mass Dampers in Reducing Dynamic Response of Structure Under Seismic Excitation
Authors: Nie Wei , Liu Shuxian , Lu Shasha , Liu Shaodong , Yin Hang , Bai Chun
Published: October 2021

To improve the frequency sensitivity of a single tuned mass damper (STMD) and solve the accuracy problem of multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) in determining suitable installation location and effective number of tuned mass dampers (TMDs), this paper combines the construction characteristics of the rocking structures and the damping principle of TMDs to form a new type of MTMD, i.e., rocking wall tuned mass dampers (RW-TMDs). To verify the effectiveness of RW-TMDs, Finite element analyses were conducted to systematically compare the damping performance of the structure with STMD and RW-TMDs under different earthquake excitations. The results show that the RW-TMDs with different dynamic characteristics not only significantly suppress structural dynamic response but also improve the frequency sensitivity of TMD, reducing structural damage. Besides, the RW-TMDs can also improves structural inter-story deformation pattern under white noise excitation, preventing the occurrence of the layer collapse mechanism. Overall, the RW-TMDs exhibit the damping effect of the MTMD system and the advantage of rocking structures to control inter-story deformation. Therefore, the RW-TMDs possess a high potential for practical applications for new and existing buildings.
The diagnostic utility of microCT for assessing bioerosion in archaeological bone
Authors: Mandl Kirsten , Carlson Kellie Sara Duffett , Brönnimann David , McCall Ashley , Grassberger Martin , Teschler-Nicola Maria , Weiss-Krejci Estella , Metscher Brian
Published: October 2021

Recent advances have broadened the application of palaeoradiology for non-destructive investigation of ancient remains. X-ray microtomography (microCT) in particular is increasingly used as an alternative to histological bone sections for interpreting pathological alterations, trauma, microstructure, and more recently bioerosion with direct or ancillary use of histological indices. However, no systematic attempt has been made to confirm the reliability of microCT for histotaphonomic analysis of archaeological bone. The objectives of this study are therefore to (1) compare thin sections of human femora rated with the Oxford Histological Index to microCT sections using a newly developed Virtual Histological Index, and (2) provide an accessible methodology for the evaluation and visualization of bioerosion in archaeological bone using virtual anthropology techniques. We provide detailed descriptions of virtual sections and volume renderings, and also assess the efficacy of the method on cranial and postcranial elements, cremated long bones, and faunal samples. Furthermore, the need for time-consuming image segmentation is reduced by applying two noise-reducing, edge-preserving filters, and rendering with a colormap chosen to visualize bioerosion along with canal structure and density in 3D. The histological and virtual methods showed a strong correlation, providing the first systematic data substantiating lab-based microCT as a suitable alternative tool for reconstructing post-mortem history in the archaeological record, and for the reliable, non-destructive screening of samples for further analyses.
ANALYSE DE LOCCUPATION DU SOL ET TRANSFORMATION SPATIALE DU LITTORAL SUD-EST IVOIRIEN : CAS DU LITTORAL EN PAYS EHOTILE
Authors:   Quonan Christian Enseignant-Chercheur Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (Daloa, Cote dIvoire)., Kouassi Yao- , a Adou ,   Aka Giscard Enseignant-Chercheur Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (Daloa, Cote dIvoire)., b Kouao ,   Nkpome Styvince Romaric Enseignant-Chercheur Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (Daloa, Cote dIvoire)., c Dangbo ,   Ndri Romuald Remi Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (Daloa, Cote dIvoire).
Published: October 2021

The under prefecture Adiake(south-eastern Ivory Coast) is undergoing several changes in its spatial influence. In thiscontext, knowledge of the spatio-temporal dynamics of land use constitutes an essential element for this densely populated and agricultural space. This study proposes, on the one hand, to analyze the dynamics of land use between 1999 and 2018, and on the other hand, to determine the explanatory factors for the degradation of the plant cover. Based on Landsat TM images from 1999 and OLI-TIRS from 2018, remote sensing operated under the geographic information system (GIS) and a questionnaire survey, the main results indicate that between 1999 and 2018, the landscape initially dominated by forests (26%) and crops / fallows (25%) in 1999 was replaced by land use categories, the most important of which are crops / fallows (41%) with a regressive dynamics of formations forestry (12%) in 2018. In other words, between 1999 and 2018 forests fell by 52% to the detriment of crops / fallows which increased by 63%. Moreover, the study attests that demographic pressure and cultivation practices lead to changes in land use and complete land saturation of space in the Adiake sub-prefecture.
LEADERSHIP ET GOUVERNANCE DES ORGANISATIONS SPORTIVES AU SENEGAL
Authors:   Enseignant-Chercheur, Institut National Superieur de lEducation Populaire Et Du Sport (INSEPS), Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal., Ousmane B.A
Published: October 2021

Cet article de recherche essaie de reflechir sur la prise en compte des principes du leadership et de la bonne gouvernance au sein des organisations sportives senegalaises. En effet, letude sest derouleeprincipalement dans la region de Dakar. Ainsi, pour bien cerner les contours de la problematique de letude, nous avons choisi une methodologie purement qualitative avec des entretiens semi-directifs et de lobersvation comme techniques de recherche. Au total, les resultatsobtenus lors de cette enquete de terrain montrent quil y a un deficit de mecanismes mis sur pied par les dirigeants de nosorganisationscibles pour valoriser le leadership et la bonne gouvernance.
GEOMORPHOLOGY AND ITS DIFFERENT PARAMETERS IN THE FLOOD PRONE LOWER GANDAK PAIN
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dr. BhimraoAmbedkar College, University of Delhi, Main Wazirabad Road, Yamuna Vihar, Delhi- 110094., Prasad Ramashray , Rishideo Jitendra ,   Assistant Professor, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, East Patel Nagar, Delhi-110008.
Published: October 2021

The physical appearance of any area is the outcome of geomorphological interactions between endogenic and exogenic processes. Endogenic processes are very slow while the exogenic are quite obviously observable operating at or from above the surface of the area. They may be included like - wind, fluvial, glacio-fluvial, glacier, permafrost, karst etc. They sculpture the concerned area and people use the same for their own needs. Land use may be seen in two ways - natural or human induced use of land. The Lower Gandak Plain is characterized by flooding in the monsoon period when torrential rain associated with glacier melt water occupy the low lying area in the region. But this huge amount of water is brought by numerous tributaries of Gandak from upper Himalayan catchment. Therefore, enormous water from Himalayan catchment is to be drained through the Lower Gandak Plain. The Gandak flood plain is highly populated and anthropogenic activities are prominent. So, most of the areas have human sign and less as natural. Flooding is, therefore, more due to anthropogenic factors. Hence, an attempt has been made here to (i) evaluate the geomorphological characteristics, (ii) elaborate the flood plain forming processes on the basis of planforms, and (iii) explain various geomorphological parameters in the Lower Gandak Plain. This study is expected to help in systematic and integrated plan preparation for overall development of the Lower Gandak Plain on the basis of detail characteristics of the area explained.
CORONARY ARTERIES EXPOSURE IN LEFT SIDED BREAST CANCER RADIOTHERAPY : DOSIMETRIC STUDY
Authors:   Department of Radiotherapy, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Benali Imane ,   Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco., Kaanouch Othmane ,   Department of Radiotherapy, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Lalya Issam ,   Department of Radiotherapy, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco., Kouhen Fadila ,   Department of Radiotherapy, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.,   Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: October 2021

Purpose :The cardiac toxicities are especially important in left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy(RT) compared to the right-sidedcancers.Our study aims to perform a dosimetric analysis to evaluate the effect of RT on coronary arteries and heart in breast-conserving surgery. Methods : Through a dosimetric studywe randomly selected a total of 36 patients with early stage right and left-sided breast carcinomas (T1/T2 +N0) .All patients underwent breast-conserving surgery .Whole Breast Adjuvant Radiotherapy was delivered with tumor beds boost using 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and computed tomography based planning .The doses for coronary arteries and heart were recorded and median values compared between groups. Results :The highest mean of radiation dose in patients with left-sided breast cancer was to LAD 2402.48 Â± 838.39 cGy, while the highest mean dose in right-sided breast cancer patientswas to RV 130.18 Â± 24.92. The highest maximumdose of radiotherapy was applied to heart at left-sided breast cancer patients as well as at right-sides prients. Themean V5 of the LV was 18.68% (6.89â€“31.69), mean V25 of the LV was 5.22% (0.45â€“16.54), mean V5 in bilateral ventricleswas 23.73% (2.56â€“26.89), and mean V25 in bilateral ventricles 6.78% (0.63â€“13.63).
Lift Coefficient Estimation of a Delta Wing Under the Ground Effect Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: TÜMSE Sergen , BİLGİLİ Mehmet , ŞAHİN Beşir
Published: October 2021

The estimation of the lift coefficient, CL of a non-slender delta wing under the ground effect, is performed by employing an artificial neural network (ANN). The purpose of the study is to estimate the lift coefficient, CL acting on the delta wing for the ground distance h/c=0.4 by utilizing the actual lift coefficient, CL for the ground distances h/c=1, 0.7, 0.55, 0.25 and 0.1. In this ANN model, the angle of attack, α and ground distance, h/c were used as input parameters and lift coefficients, CL as the output parameter. While mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were found as 1.60% and 0.0114 in the testing stage, they were calculated as 1.77% and 0.01 in the training stage. Hence, this investigation shows that the lift coefficient, CL of the delta wing in ground effect can be correctly estimated by developing an ANN model.
Dikkat Modülleri ile Oluşturulmuş Derin Öğrenme Modelini Kullanarak Pamuk Hastalığının Tespiti
Authors: TOĞAÇAR Mesut
Published: October 2021

Pamuk, dünya genelinde önemli bir endüstri sektörü olup, tarıma dayalı ülkelerde ekonomik kalkınmanın en önemli faktörlerinden biridir. Ülkemiz, pamuk tarımına elverişli ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır ve genelde Akdeniz ile Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinde pamuk üretimi gerçekleştirilmektedir. Pamuk bitkisinden iç ve dış etmenlerden kaynaklı birçok hastalık görülebilmektedir. Araştırmacılar, pamuk hastalığının tespitini gerçekleştirmek ve verimli bir üretim elde edebilmek için son zamanlarda yapay zekâ tabanlı çalışmalara odaklanmışlardır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan veri kümesi; hastalıklı pamuk yaprağı, hastalıklı pamuk bitkisi, sağlam pamuk yaprağı ve sağlam pamuk bitki görüntülerinden oluşmaktadır. Önerilen yaklaşımda, veri büyütme tekniği ile dikkat modüllerinden oluşan derin öğrenme modeli birlikte kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın analizlerinde, Olasılıksal Dereceli Azalma (ODA) ve Uyarlanabilir Moment Tahmini (UMT) optimizasyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sınıflandırma sürecinde elde edilen en iyi genel doğruluk başarısı %96,56 olmuştur.
Videos With the Hashtag #vaping on TikTok and Implications for Informed Decision-making by Adolescents: Descriptive Study
Authors: Basch Corey H , Fera Joseph , Pellicane Alessia , Basch Charles E
Published: October 2021

Background

Despite the public health importance of vaping and the widespread use of TikTok by adolescents and young adults, research is lacking on the nature and scope of vaping content on this networking service.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to describe the content of TikTok videos related to vaping.

Methods

By searching the hashtag #vaping in the discover feature, ~478.4 million views were seen during the time of data collection. The first 100 relevant videos under that hashtag were used in this study. Relevance was determined by simply noting if the video was related in any way to vaping. Coding consisted of several categories directly related to vaping and additional categories, including the number of likes, comments, and views, and if the video involved music, humor, or dance.

Results

The 100 videos included in the sample garnered 156,331,347 views; 20,335,800 likes; and 296,460 comments. The majority of the videos (n=59) used music and over one-third (n=37) used humor. The only content category observed in the majority of the videos sampled was the promotion of vaping, which was included in 57 videos that garnered over 74 million views (47.5% of cumulative views). A total of 42% (n=42) of the 100 videos sampled featured someone vaping or in the presence of vape pens, and these videos garnered over 22% (>35 million) of the total views.

Conclusions

It is necessary for public health agencies to improve understanding of the nature and content of videos that attract viewers’ attention and harness the strength of this communication channel to promote informed decision-making about vaping.
Effects of Embodiment in Virtual Reality for Treatment of Chronic Pain: Pilot Open-Label Study (Preprint)
Authors: Saby Adam , Alvarez Anthony , Smolins David , Petros James , Nguyen Lincoln , Trujillo Michael , Aygün Oytun
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Chronic pain has long been a major health burden that has been addressed through numerous forms of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment. One of the tenets of modern medicine is to minimize risk while providing efficacy. Further, because of its noninvasive nature, virtual reality (VR) provides an attractive platform for potentially developing novel therapeutic modalities.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a novel VR-based digital therapy for the treatment of chronic pain.

METHODS

An open-label study assessed the feasibility of using virtual embodiment in VR to treat chronic pain. In total, 24 patients with chronic pain were recruited from local pain clinics and completed 8 sessions of a novel digital therapeutic that combines virtual embodiment with graded motor imagery to deliver functional rehabilitation exercises over the course of 4 weeks. Pain intensity as measured by a visual analog scale before and after each virtual embodiment training session was used as the primary outcome measure. Additionally, a battery of patient-reported pain questionnaires (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire) were administered before and after 8 sessions of virtual embodiment training as exploratory outcome measures to assess if the measures are appropriate and warrant a larger randomized controlled trial.

RESULTS

A 2-way ANOVA on session × pre- versus postvirtual embodiment training revealed that individual virtual embodiment training sessions significantly reduced the intensity of pain as measured by the visual analog scale (P<.001). Perceived disability due to lower back pain as measured by the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire significantly improved (P=.003) over the 4-week course of virtual embodiment regimen. Improvement was also observed on the helplessness subscale of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides evidence that functional rehabilitation exercises delivered in VR are safe and may have positive effects on alleviating the symptoms of chronic pain. Additionally, the virtual embodiment intervention may improve perceived disability and helplessness of patients with chronic pain after 8 sessions. The results support the justification for a larger randomized controlled trial to assess the extent to which virtual embodiment training can exert an effect on symptoms associated with chronic pain.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04060875; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04060875
Percepción del aprendizaje en línea adaptado en contexto de COVID-19 en estudiantes de Nutrición
Authors: Méndez Véjar Constanza , Parodi Fuentes Carmen Gloria , Pimentel Carolina Bello , Villagrán Gutíerrez Ignacio
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 y las medidas de confinamiento han generado la necesidad de reestructurar las metodologías de enseñanza en educación superior, pero de forma rápida y en ocasiones de manera exploratoria. Objetivo: Describir la percepción de estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética frente al cambio de educación presencial a formato online en el contexto de la pandemia. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario con 32 preguntas en escala de Likert a través de Google Forms posterior a la aceptación del consentimiento informado en estudiantes entre 1º-4º año. Se realizó análisis descriptivo a través de porcentajes y medias. Se llevaron a cabo análisis de Alfa de Cronbach y factorial exploratorio para validación del instrumento. Se realizaron asociaciones de variables cualitativas a través de chi2. Se consideró significancia estadística con p <0.05. Se utilizó software SPSS versión 24.Resultados: Respondieron la encuesta 126 estudiantes. 94.4% fueron mujeres. 56% prefiere las videoconferencias sincrónicas como metodología para realizar las clases teóricas y el 30% refiere que las actividades prácticas no son reemplazables por una metodología online. Los aspectos académicos presentan percepciones de preferencia acuerdo y totalmente de acuerdo; sin embargo, el 63% de los estudiantes de primer y segundo año refieren que la relación con los profesores no es la misma que en formato presencial. El 87% percibe que destina mayor tiempo en desarrollar actividades propias de las asignaturas a diferencia de cuando estas se impartían de forma presencial.Conclusiones: La percepción de los alumnos es positiva con respecto a los aspectos académicos; sin embargo, han expuesto baja aceptación en aspectos sociales como la relación con otros compañeros. Además, según la percepción de los estudiantes, las actividades prácticas y de trabajo clínico no serían reemplazables por metodologías en línea.
Análisis de pruebas de opción múltiple en carreras de la salud de la Universidad Mayor
Authors: Giaconi Elisa , Bazán María Elisa , Castillo Manuel , Hurtado Amelia , Rojas Héctor , Giaconi Valentina , Guiraldes Ernesto
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Mayor utiliza regularmente pruebas de opción múltiple (POM) en la evaluación del aprendizaje en estudiantes de pregrado. Desde hace 10 años estas pruebas son corregidas con sistemas automáticos; esto permitió generar un diagnóstico global de las POM utilizadas. Objetivo: Analizar el índice de dificultad, el de discriminación, el coeficiente de fiabilidad y los distractores de las POM aplicadas en las distintas carreras de la salud y corregidas de manera automatizada y centralizada en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Mayor, en el periodo 2013-2017. Método: Para este estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo, de 2,640 pruebas corregidas por lector óptico, aplicadas por 7 carreras de la salud, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 337 por muestreo probabilístico estratificado con selección sistemática. Se estimaron indicadores psicométricos en el marco de la Teoría Clásica de Test y se utilizó el test de ANOVA para la comparación entre carreras.Resultados: Los índices de dificultad, de discriminación y el coeficiente de fiabilidad presentan promedios de 68%, 0.23 y 0.50 respectivamente. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre carreras en los índices de dificultad y discriminación. En relación a los distractores, en promedio, 1.51 distractores son funcionales (1.52 para preguntas de cuatro alternativas, y 1.49 para preguntas de cinco alternativas).Conclusiones: Los resultados develan situaciones críticas en evaluación de los aprendizajes, que demandan profundizar la reflexión de directivos y docentes de las distintas carreras para asegurar la validez y calidad de las POM.
Teachers’ Views on Preparation for Employment of Young Autistic People
Authors: Thavapalan Biranavan , Remington Anna , Myles Liam , Merlo Emanuele
Published: October 2021

Background. Contemporary literature indicates that there is significant support and assistance provided by schools for young autistic people, which has had a positive impact on the accessibility of jobs. Nevertheless, the employment rate of autistic people is unacceptably low in the UK. The current study investigated teachers’ views on the preparation for employment of young autistic people in the UK. Methods. Interviews were conducted with individuals from the educational field and thematic analysis was used to explore the teachers’ views regarding the factors that have an impact on the preparation for employment of young autistic people. Results. Four main themes emerged from the analysis. These themes included awareness, funding and government support, action plans and motivation. Conclusion. These results have critical implications for the educational field and future research, which are discussed in the paper.
Queixa escolar
Authors: Sodré Euristela Barreto , Sousa Lucivanda Cavalcante Borges de , Cabral Barbara Eleonora Bezerra
Published: October 2021

Fundamentada na perspectiva da psicologia escolar e educacional crítica, a presente pesquisa, realizada em um município baiano, objetivou conhecer as concepções de educadores e psicólogos sobre o encaminhamento das crianças com queixa escolar para serviços de saúde e investigar as modalidades de atendimento a esse fenômeno. De caráter qualitativo e exploratório, foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada de forma individual, totalizando 12 participantes, cujas respostas foram organizadas em categorias temáticas relacionadas aos objetivos da pesquisa. Nas entrevistas, prevaleceu a  concepção de que questões de ordem educacional e também familiares/sociais justificam os problemas de escolarização das crianças, cujo encaminhamento aos serviços de saúde tem sido a alternativa possível, mas não a ideal para avaliação e intervenção. Espera-se que os referidos achados  suscitem novos estudos sobre o tema investigado, especialmente no município em questão, que favoreça o fortalecimento dos pressupostos da psicologia escolar/educacional crítica no meio acadêmico. Ressalta-se ainda a necessidade de fomentar essa discussão de forma intersetorial na rede municipal de educação e saúde, problematizando a compreensão e atendimento às queixas escolares, e que se possam produzir práticas psicológicas e educativas críticas e emancipadoras.