bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immediate versus delayed single blastocyst transfer following the first stimulated IVF cycle in the freeze-all strategy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li He , Zhang Wenbi , Chen Junling , Lu Xiang , Li Lu , Sun Xiaoxi , Ng Ernest HY
Published: May 2024

Introduction

In recent years, the use of frozen embryo transfers (FET) has rapidly increased following the freeze-all strategy due to the advantages of increased maternal safety, improved pregnancy rates, lower ectopic pregnancy rates and better obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Currently, there is still no good scientific evidence to support when to perform FET following a stimulated in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycle in the freeze-all strategy.

Methods/analysis

This will be a randomised controlled trial. A total of 828 women undergoing their first FET following their first stimulated IVF cycle in the freeze-all strategy will be enrolled and randomised into one of the following groups according to a computer-generated randomisation list: (1) the immediate group, in which FET will be performed in the first menstrual cycle following the stimulated IVF cycle; or (2) the delayed group, in which FET will be performed at least in the second menstrual cycle following the stimulated IVF cycle. The primary outcome will be live birth, which is defined as the delivery of any infants at ≥22 gestational weeks with heartbeat and breath.

Ethics/dissemination

Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Assisted Reproductive Medicine at the Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute (JIAI E2019-15). Written informed consent will be obtained from each woman before any study procedure is performed, according to good clinical practice. The results of this trial will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number

NCT04371783
Wildfire, deforestation and health in tropical rainforest areas: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Casais Gustavo , Guimarães Nathalia Sernizon , Cortes Taísa Rodrigues , Pescarini Julia , Rebouças de Magalhães Poliana , Wells Valerie , de Sousa Filho José Firmino , Delgado Neves Danielson Jorge , Shimonovich Michal , Olsen Jonathan R , de Carvalho Neto Edgar Marcelino , Cooper Philip , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Emanuel Lucas , Andrade Roberto F S , Ferreira dos Santos Gervasio , Barreto Mauricio L
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Wildfires and deforestation potentially have direct effects on multiple health outcomes as well as indirect consequences for climate change. Tropical rainforest areas are characterised by high rainfall, humidity and temperature, and they are predominantly found in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aims to synthesise the methods, data and health outcomes reported in scientific papers on wildfires and deforestation in these locations.

Methods and analysis

We will carry out a scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) manual for scoping reviews and the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, and Levacet al. The search for articles was performed on 18 August 2023, in 16 electronic databases using Medical Subject Headings terms and adaptations for each database from database inception. The search for local studies will be complemented by the manual search in the list of references of the studies selected to compose this review. We screened studies written in English, French, Portuguese and Spanish. We included quantitative studies assessing any human disease outcome, hospitalisation and vital statistics in regions of tropical rainforest. We exclude qualitative studies and quantitative studies whose outcomes do not cover those of interest. The text screening was done by two independent reviewers. Subsequently, we will tabulate the data by the origin of the data source used, the methods and the main findings on health impacts of the extracted data. The results will provide descriptive statistics, along with visual representations in diagrams and tables, complemented by narrative summaries as detailed in the JBI guidelines.

Ethics and dissemination

The study does not require an ethical review as it is meta-research and uses published, deidentified secondary data sources. The submission of results for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at scientific and policymakers’ conferences is expected.

Study registration

Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/pnqc7/).
Infection control practices in public sector hospitals of Punjab: a critical analysis
Authors: Ehsan Ayesha , Ehsan Fatima , Hanif Hamad
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Infection prevention and control (IPC) is imperative towards patient safety and health. The Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) developed by WHO provides a baseline assessment at the acute healthcare facility level. This study aimed to assess the existing IPC level of selected public sector hospital facilities in Punjab to explore their strengths and deficits.

Methods

Between October and April 2023, 11 public sector hospitals (including tertiary, secondary and primary level care) were selected. Data were collected using the IPCAF assessment tool comprising eight sections, which were then categorised into four distinct IPC levels– inadequate, basic, intermediate and advanced. Key performance metrics were summarised within and between hospitals.

Results

The overall median IPCAF score for the public sector hospitals was 532.5 (IQR: 292.5–690) out of 800. Four hospitals each scored ‘advanced’ as well as ‘basic’ IPC level and three hospitals fell into ‘intermediate level’. Most hospitals had IPC guidelines as well as IPC programme, environments, materials and equipments. Although 90% of secondary care hospitals had IPC education and training, only 2 out of 5 (40%) tertiary care and 2 out of 3 (67%) primary care hospitals have IPC or additional experts for training. Only 1 out of 5 tertiary care hospitals (20%) were recorded in an agreed ratio of healthcare workers to patients while 2 out of 5 (40%) of these hospitals lack staffing need assessment.

Conclusion

Overall the sampled public sector (tertiary, secondary and primary) hospitals demonstrated satisfactory IPC level. Challenging areas are the healthcare-associated infection surveillance, monitoring/audit and staffing, bed occupancy overall in all the three categories of hospitals. Periodic training and assessment can facilitate improvement in public sector systems.
Effect of interventions to improve safety culture on healthcare workers in hospital settings: a systematic review of the international literature
Authors: Finn Mairead , Walsh Aisling , Rafter Natasha , Mellon Lisa , Chong Hui Yi , Naji Abdullah , O'Brien Niall , Williams David J , McCarthy Siobhan Eithne
Published: May 2024

Background

In an era of safety systems, hospital interventions to build a culture of safety deliver organisational learning methodologies for staff. Their benefits to hospital staff are unknown. We examined the literature for evidence of staff outcomes. Research questions were: (1) how is safety culture defined in studies with interventions that aim to enhance it?; (2) what effects do interventions to improve safety culture have on hospital staff?; (3) what intervention features explain these effects? and (4) what staff outcomes and experiences are identified?

Methods and analysis

We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review of published literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Health Business Elite and Scopus. We adopted a convergent approach to synthesis and integration. Identified intervention and staff outcomes were categorised thematically and combined with available data on measures and effects.

Results

We identified 42 articles for inclusion. Safety culture outcomes were most prominent under the themes of leadership and teamwork. Specific benefits for staff included increased stress recognition and job satisfaction, reduced emotional exhaustion, burnout and turnover, and improvements to working conditions. Effects were documented for interventions with longer time scales, strong institutional support and comprehensive theory-informed designs situated within specific units.

Discussion

This review contributes to international evidence on how interventions to improve safety culture may benefit hospital staff and how they can be designed and implemented. A focus on staff outcomes includes staff perceptions and behavioursas part ofa safety culture and staff experiencesresulting froma safety culture. The results generated by a small number of articles varied in quality and effect, and the review focused only on hospital staff. There is merit in using the concept of safety culture as a lens to understand staff experience in a complex healthcare system.
Golf cart injuries have similar severity to all-terrain vehicle injuries in children: a multicenter comparison over a 5-year period
Authors: Chang Henry L , Yorkgitis Brian K , Armstrong Lindsey B , Thatch Keith A , Plumley Donald A , Petroze Robin T , Larson Shawn D , Fitzwater John W , Lao Oliver B , Markley Michele A , Fischer Anne , Pedroso Felipe , Neville Holly L , Snyder Christopher W
Published: May 2024

Background

Golf carts (GCs) and all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are popular forms of personal transport. Although ATVs are considered adventurous and dangerous, GCs are perceived to be safer. Anecdotal experience suggests increasing numbers of both GC and ATV injuries, as well as high severity of GC injuries in children. This multicenter study examined GC and ATV injuries and compared their injury patterns, resource utilization, and outcomes.

Methods

Pediatric trauma centers in Florida submitted trauma registry patients age <16 years from January 2016 to June 2021. Patients with GC or ATV mechanisms were identified. Temporal trends were evaluated. Injury patterns, resource utilization, and outcomes for GCs and ATVs were compared. Intensive care unit admission and immediate surgery needs were compared using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

We identified 179 GC and 496 ATV injuries from 10 trauma centers. GC and ATV injuries both increased during the study period (R20.4286, 0.5946, respectively). GC patients were younger (median 11 vs 12 years, p=0.003) and had more intracranial injuries (34% vs 19%, p<0.0001). Overall Injury Severity Score (5 vs 5, p=0.27), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (20% vs 16%, p=0.24), immediate surgery (11% vs 11%, p=0.96), and mortality (1.7% vs 1.4%, p=0.72) were similar for GCs and ATVs, respectively. The risk of ICU admission (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.93, p=0.47) and immediate surgery (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.84, p=0.90) remained similar on multivariable logistic regression.

Conclusions

During the study period, GC and ATV injuries increased. Despite their innocuous perception, GCs had a similar injury burden to ATVs. Heightened safety measures for GCs should be considered.

Level of evidence

III, prognostic/epidemiological.
Healing the silence
Authors: Mahajan Arnav
Published: May 2024

This essay won the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion essay contest for 2024.
Multiscale analysis of the flexural performance of FRP reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Bai Hongyu , Yuan Xin , Gong Zheng , Zheng Wei
Published: May 2024

Based on existing experimental data and analysis, seven different fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bar models including carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP), aramid fiber-reinforced polymer (AFRP), glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), GFRP and CFRP combined (G–C), GFRP and AFRP combined (G–A), BFRP and CFRP combined (B–C), and BFRP and AFRP combined (B–A) were established. Finite element simulation analysis was conducted on seven different FRP bar combinations under static load bending tests. The flexural behavior of the specimens reinforced with different FRP bar combinations and their influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that using AFRP as the reinforcement material for FRP composite bars in FRP reinforced concrete beams cannot effectively enhance the overall load-carrying capacity of the composite bars. The combination of CFRP with GFRP and BFRP bars significantly increases the stiffness of the FRP bar structure and improves the structural load-carrying capacity of the concrete beams.
On snowmelt computations in the climate change context: comparison of single-site and multisite downscaling of extreme daily temperature processes
Authors: Rahman Mahzabeen , Nguyen V.-T.-V.
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on how multisite downscaling procedures can provide a significant improvement in the accuracy of impact assessment results as compared to single-site downscaling techniques. The study compared the accuracy of snowmelt computations given by the multisite multivariate statistical downscaling (MMSD) method and the single-site downscaling (SDSM) procedure. Results of an illustrative application using daily maximum ( Tmax) and minimum ( Tmin) temperature series at seven stations in southern Quebec–Ontario region in Canada indicated that MMSD method was able to reproduce accurately the observed spatial and temporal variabilities of daily extreme temperature processes over different locations. MMSD approach preserved more accurately the interstation correlations of daily Tmax (0.78 and 0.7) and Tmin (0.94 and 0.84), respectively, for calibration and validation period than SDSM (0.08 and 0.11 for Tmax; and 0.02 for Tmin). MMSD was found capable to produce more accurate snowmelt estimations than those given by the SDSM.
Direct high-precision measurement of the mass difference of $$^{77}$$As–$$^{77}$$Se related to neutrino mass determination
Authors: Ge Z. , Eronen T. , Ramalho M. , de Roubin A. , Nesterenko D. A. , Kankainen A. , Beliuskina O. , de Groote R. , Geldhof S. , Gins W. , Hukkanen M. , Jokinen A. , Koszorús Á. , Kotila J. , Kostensalo J. , Moore I. D. , Pirinen P. , Raggio A. , Rinta-Antila S. , Sevestrean V. A. , Suhonen J. , Virtanen V. , Zadvornaya A.
Published: May 2024

The first direct determination of the ground-state-to-ground-state $${\beta ^{-}}$$

β
-

-decay Q-value of $$^{77}$$

77

As to $$^{77}$$

77

Se was performed by measuring their atomic mass difference utilizing the double Penning trap mass spectrometer, JYFLTRAP. The resulting Q-value is 684.463(70) keV, representing a remarkable 24-fold improvement in precision compared to the value reported in the most recent Atomic Mass Evaluation (AME2020). With the significant reduction of the uncertainty of the ground-state-to-ground-state Q-value and knowledge of the excitation energies in $$^{77}$$

77

Se from $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray spectroscopy, the ground-state-to-excited-state Q-value of the transition $$^{77}$$

77

As (3/2$$^{-}$$

-

, ground state) $$\rightarrow $$
→
$$^{77}$$

77

Se$$^{*}$$

∗

(5/2$$^{+}$$

+

, 680.1035(17) keV) was refined to be 4.360(70) keV. We confirm that this potential low Q-value $${\beta ^{-}}$$

β
-

-decay transition for neutrino mass determination is energetically allowed at a confidence level of about 60$$\sigma $$
σ
. Nuclear shell-model calculations with two well-established effective Hamiltonians were used to estimate the partial half-life for the low Q-value transition. The half-life was found to be of the order of 10$$^{9}$$

9

years for this first-forbidden non-unique transition. Since the half-life of $$^{77}$$

77

As is only $$\approx $$
≈
2 days, usage of it as source for rare-event experiments searching for the electron antineutrino mass would be challenging.
NNLO+PS predictions for Higgs production through bottom-quark annihilation with MINNLO$$\varvec{_{\text {PS}}}$$
Authors: Biello Christian , Sankar Aparna , Wiesemann Marius , Zanderighi Giulia
Published: May 2024

We consider Higgs production through bottom-quark annihilation at hadron colliders and we calculate next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) corrections in QCD perturbation theory matched to parton showers (NNLO+PS). To this end, we have adapted the MINNLO$$\varvec{_{\text {PS}}}$$

PS

method to account for the extra scale dependence induced by an overall Yukawa coupling that is $$\overline{\textrm{MS}}$$

MS
¯

renormalized. We compare our results against state-of-the-art fixed-order predictions at NNLO as well as resummed predictions at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy.
A Comprehensive Review of Licorice: The Preparation, Chemical Composition, Bioactivities and Its Applications
Authors: Ji Xiaoyu , Liu Ning , Huang Shucheng , Zhang Cai
Published: May 2024

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) is a medicinal and food homologue of perennial plants derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the legume family. In recent years, the comprehensive utilization of licorice resources has attracted people’s attention. It is widely utilized to treat diseases, health food products, food production, and other industrial applications. Furthermore, numerous bioactive components of licorice are found using advanced extraction processes, which mainly include polyphenols (flavonoids, dihydrostilbenes, benzofurans, and coumarin), triterpenoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and volatile oils, all of which have been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressive, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antisex hormone, skin effects, anticariogenic, antitussive, and expectorant activities. Thereby, all of these compounds promote the development of novel and more effective licorice-derived products. This paper reviews the progress of research on extraction techniques, chemical composition, bioactivities, and applications of licorice to provide a reference for further development and application of licorice in different areas.
Quercetin Ameliorates Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Rats by Regulating Autophagy and Apoptosis through AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Yong-Feng , Qiu Qi , Wang Lei , Li Xiao-Rong , Zhou Shun , Wang Heng , Jiang Wen-Di , Geng Jia-Yi , Qin-Gao  , Tang Bi , Wang Hong-Ju , Kang Pin-Fang
Published: May 2024

A high-glucose environment is involved in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to explore the regulatory effects of quercetin (QUE) on autophagy and apoptosis after myocardial injury in rats with DM. The type 2 DM rat models were constructed using low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) treatment combined with a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet in vivo. Compared with the control group, the body weight was decreased, whereas blood pressure, blood glucose, and the LVW/BW ratio were increased in the diabetic group. The results showed that the myocardial fibers were disordered in the diabetic group. Moreover, we found that the myocardial collagen fibers, PAS-positive cells, and apoptosis were increased, whereas the mitochondrial structure was destroyed and autophagic vacuoles were significantly reduced in the diabetic group compared with the control group. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin1 were decreased, whereas the expression levels of P62, Caspae-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 were increased in the diabetic group in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, QUE treatment alleviated the cellular oxidative stress reaction under high-glucose environments. The results of immunoprecipitation (IP) showed that the autophagy protein Beclin1 was bound to Bcl-2, and the binding capacity increased in the HG group, whereas it decreased after QUE treatment, suggesting that QUE inhibited the binding capacity between Beclin1 and Bcl-2, thus leading to the preservation of Beclin1-induced autophagy. In addition, the blood pressure, blood glucose, and cardiac function of rats were improved following QUE treatment. In conclusion, QUE suppressed diabetic myocardial injury and ameliorated cardiac function by regulating myocardial autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis in diabetes through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
Further prediction on the possible double-peak structure of the X17 particle
Authors: Chen Hua-Xing
Published: May 2024

The [Formula: see text] particle, discovered by [A. J. Krasznahorkay et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 042501 (2016), doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.042501] at ATOMKI, was recently confirmed in the [Formula: see text] invariant mass spectra by [K. U. Abraamyan, C. Austin, M. I. Baznat, K. K. Gudima, M. A. Kozhin, S. G. Reznikov and A. S. Sorin, arXiv:2311.18632] at JINR. We notice with surprise and interest that the [Formula: see text] seems to have a double-peak structure. This is in a possible coincidence with our QCD sum rule study of [H.-X. Chen, arXiv:2006.01018], where we interpreted the [Formula: see text] as a tetraquark state composed of four bare quarks ([Formula: see text]), and claimed that “A unique feature of this tetraquark assignment is that we predict two almost degenerate states with significantly different widths”. These two different tetraquark states are described by two different chiral tetraquark currents [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. To verify whether the tetraquark assignment is correct or not, we replace the up and down quarks by the strange quarks, and apply the QCD sum rule method to study the other four chiral tetraquark currents [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We calculate their correlation functions, and find that non-perturbative QCD effects do not contribute much to them. Our results suggest that there may exist four almost degenerate tetraquark states with masses about [Formula: see text] MeV. Each of these states is composed of four bare quarks, either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text].
On the solutions of space-time fractional CBS and CBS-BK equations describing the dynamics of Riemann wave interaction
Authors: Sahoo A. K. , Gupta A. K. , Seadawy Aly R.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, Kudryashov and modified Kudryashov methods are implemented for the first time to compute new exact traveling wave solutions of the space-time fractional [Formula: see text]-dimensional Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff (CBS) equation and Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff and Bogoyavlensky Konopelchenko (CBS-BK) equation. With the help of wave transformation, the aforementioned fractional differential equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The purpose of this paper is to devise novel exact solutions for the space-time-fractional [Formula: see text]-dimensional CBS and the space-time-fractional CBS-BK equations by utilizing the Kudryashov and modified Kudryashov techniques. The solutions, thus, acquired are demonstrated in figures by choosing appropriate values for the parameters. The solutions derived take the form of various wave patterns, including the kink type, the anti-kink type and the singular kink wave solutions. The obtained solutions are indeed beneficial to analyze the dynamic behavior of fractional CBS and CBS-BK equations in describing the interesting physical phenomena and mechanisms. The obtained solutions are entirely new and can be considered as a generalization of the existing results in the ordinary derivative case. The techniques presented here are very simple, efficacious and plausible and hence can be employed to attain new exact solutions for fractional PDEs.
Research on Structural Damage Identification of Shear Buildings Based on Modal Curvature Change
Authors: Qiu Huahua , Wang Cuikun , Chen Caihua , Cui Mingzhe , Qiu Shengyuan , Zhao Pengfei , Nie Jianguo
Published: May 2024

In the past few decades, various techniques for structural damage identification based on dynamic properties have been widely studied, among which modal curvature is the research hotspot, due to its high sensitivity to local damage. To realize story-level structural damage identification of shear buildings, this paper first derives the patterns of variation in modal curvature of the damaged structure. Then, a new damage index sensitive to local damage called the Modal Curvature Change modified with Softmax (MCCSM for short), is proposed to improve the accuracy of structural damage identification. Afterward, the validity of the damage index is verified by a shaking table test of a scaled RC frame structure model and its corresponding numerical model. The research results show that the damage location indicated by MCCSM corresponds well with the damage phenomenon in the shaking table test and numerical simulation; compared with using the theoretical mode shape, the MCCSM index can give comparable damage identification results using the mode shape obtained through operational modal analysis from vibration time-history data, which proves the feasibility in engineering practices; through numerical simulation, it is proved that the MCCSM index is applicable in a wide range of damage cases with different story position, number of damaged story, and damage extent.
Ritz Solutions of Stationary Random Vibrations for GPL-Reinforced FG Rectangular Plate
Authors: Shi Xuanzhi , Qin Bin , Shi Xianjie , Zhong Rui , Wang Qingshan , Yu Hailiang
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to establish a comprehensive model for evaluating the response characteristics of functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) rectangular plates under stationary random acceleration excitation. Utilizing the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and Halpin–Tsai assumptions, a dynamic model for the rectangular plate is derived, followed by obtaining the variational solution using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. To describe displacement components associated with dynamic equations and boundary conditions, a spectral geometry method (SGM) is employed. Additionally, a pseudo-excitation method (PEM) is utilized for the analysis of stationary random vibration. The proposed calculation method is validated through convergence analysis and comparative evaluation with existing literature and finite element models. Furthermore, the study investigates the influence of various factors, such as boundary conditions, the number and size of functionally graded rectangular plate layers, GPL distribution types, and material parameters, on the stationary random response attributes of FG rectangular plates. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamic response of functionally graded materials in structural configurations and offers a valuable analytical approach for researchers in this field.
Viable embedded wormholes and energy conditions in f(ℛ,𝒢) gravity
Authors: Ashraf Asifa , Mumtaz Saadia , Javed Faisal , Zhang Zhiyue
Published: May 2024

This study explores the generalized embedded wormhole (WH) solutions in the background of [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] represents the Ricci scalar and [Formula: see text] denotes the Gauss–Bonnet invariant. To investigate the necessary structures of the WH solutions we thoroughly analyzed the energy conditions under [Formula: see text] gravity within the anisotropic source of matter. To meet this aim, we consider spherically symmetric geometry with the most generic gravity model of the gravity. A modified version of the field equations is calculated for two different embedded WH solutions. All the energy conditions are calculated and shown graphically with the regional ranges of the model parameter. Further, the invalid region of the energy conditions confirms the presence of exotic matter. Finally, we have concluding remarks.
Cosmology in non-coincident gauge formulation of f(Q,C) gravity theory
Authors: Maurya Dinesh Chandra
Published: May 2024

This paper is an investigation of dark energy cosmological models in non-coincident gauge formulation of non-metricity gravity with boundary term. We have considered an arbitrary function [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the non-metricity scalar, [Formula: see text] is the boundary term derived by [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are the model parameters, to obtain the modified field equations from action. We have parameterized the Hubble function as [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] are arbitrary constants and [Formula: see text] is the scale-factor depending upon cosmic time. We have compared this Hubble function with [Formula: see text] datasets and obtained best fit values of model parameters using likelihood analysis. Using these best fit values of model parameters, we have done our result analysis and discussion with cosmological parameters viz effective equation of state parameter, energy density, energy conditions, deceleration parameter, om diagnostic analysis and age of the universe. We have found a transit phase universe model with effective EoS parameter [Formula: see text] over redshift [Formula: see text].
Quaternionic generalization of telegraph equations
Authors: Mironov Victor L. , Mironov Sergey V.
Published: May 2024

Using non-commutative spacetime quaternion algebra, we represent the generalization of one-dimensional and three-dimensional telegraph equations, which are widely applied to consider the propagation of an electromagnetic signal in communication lines, as well as to describe particle diffusion and heat transfer. It is shown that the system of telegraph equations can be represented in compact form as a single quaternion equation taking into account the spacetime properties of physical quantities. The distinctive features of the one-dimensional and three-dimensional telegraph equations are discussed.
The velocity of a quantum particle in the case of real solutions of the time independent Schrödinger equation
Authors: Feoli A.
Published: May 2024

In the de Broglie–Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics, the momentum of a particle in a box of perfectly reflecting walls is vanishing. On the contrary, the classical physics predicts an oscillatory motion between the walls. The resulting difference between the behavior of a body in classical and quantum regime is unsatisfactory for Einstein and many other scientists. In order to solve the problem, we show that it is possible to obtain a motion of the body using the rules of quantum mechanics. The result holds for the quantum systems described by solutions of the time independent Schrödinger equation that are real functions.
Discrete octonion linear canonical transform associated with finite-length function
Authors: Wang Peng-Yu , Gao Wen-Biao
Published: May 2024

In this paper, the discrete octonion linear canonical transform (DOCLCT) is presented. According to the definition of DOCLCT, its shift transform and modulation transform are explored. In addition, based on a new convolution operator, we obtain the convolution theorem of DOCLCT. The DOCLCT can be derived by the three-dimensional (3D) linear canonical transform. So, the fast algorithm of 3D DOCLCT is discussed. Finally, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle associated with DOCLCT is established.
THE REAL OPTIONS VALUE OF OPEN INNOVATION THROUGH CROSS-BORDER MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS: EVIDENCE FROM PUBLICLY LISTED FIRMS IN CHINA
Authors: SU LARRY
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impact of open innovation through cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) on the real options value of Chinese publicly listed firms between 2008 and 2020. The findings demonstrate that open innovation through cross-border M&A has a positive effect on the upside potential and a negative effect on the downside risk of firm performance. Additionally, absorptive capacity and corporate governance play significant moderating roles in shaping the real options value of open innovation through cross-border M&A. These findings are robust across alternative measures of real options value and open innovation investments, sample classification based on institutional distance, and endogeneity tests. The research implies that cross-border M&A, particularly in countries with a favourable innovation environment, plays a crucial role in strengthening firm performance. Additionally, the study underscores the need for firms to develop absorptive capacity and enhance corporate governance as part of their innovation strategies.
Kureika–Tunguska Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, northern East Siberia
Authors: Frolov Sergey V. , Akhmanov Grigorii G. , Korobova Nataliya I. , Bakay Elena A. , Fadeeva Nataliya P. , Shevchuk Nadejda S.
Published: May 2024

The Kureika–Tunguska Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (KT CTSE) is located in East Siberia. Geologically, it is confined to the homonymic basin in the northwestern part of the Siberian Craton. The basement of the basin is composed of Archean–Early Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. The sedimentary cover is composed of Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterosoic and Early Paleozoic predominantly carbonate rocks capped with a succession of Pennsylvanian–Permian coal-bearing sediments overlain by thick section of Early Triassic tuffs and lavas. The entire sedimentary cover, especially its upper part, is saturated with mafic intrusive bodies. The maximum depth to the top basement can exceed 10 km.

The KT CTSE is characterized by a very low degree of exploration. The rather scarce prospecting work carried out on oil and gas in the CTSE has not yet yielded positive results. However, indirect data such as, for example, numerous bitumen fields and evidence of the source rocks are promising for potential discoveries including large hydrocarbon accumulations.
Overview of the carbon capture and storage opportunities in Oman
Authors: Al-Kindi Mohammed
Published: May 2024

This work presents an overview of the surface and subsurface carbon capture and storage (CCS) opportunities, and their associated risks, in Oman. Oman's stratigraphy encompasses various rock sequences that can be harnessed for CCS purposes. The ultramafic rocks of the Samail Ophiolite have long been researched for their ability to permanently sequestrate CO
2
near the surface, whilst the well-studied subsurface sequences also offer storage opportunities for CO
2
, particularly in deeply buried clastic and carbonate saline aquifers. Structural and stratigraphic traps could hold potential for carbon disposal. Producing hydrocarbon fields can also be considered for CCS, either to enhance hydrocarbon production from existing reservoirs or by utilizing deep traps for disposal. Oman's Late Proterozoic to Cambrian evaporites could be utilized to create large underground salt caverns for storing hydrogen and, a less attractive option, CO
2
. In this work, the identified CCS opportunities are ranked based on different criteria. Using injected CO
2
to enhance hydrocarbon recovery by providing additional reservoir pressure support, using depleted hydrocarbon fields for CO
2
storage and the injection of CO
2
in deep clastic saline aquifers rank among the main opportunities for CCS in Oman.
Short-term high-calorie high-fat feeding induces hyperinsulinemia and blunts skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow in healthy humans
Authors: Brayner Barbara , Keske Michelle A. , Roberts-Thomson Katherine M. , Parker Lewan , Betik Andrew C. , Thomas Hannah J. , Mason Shaun , Way Kimberley L. , Livingstone Katherine M. , Hamilton D. Lee , Kaur Gunveen
Published: May 2024

This is the first study to investigate skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (MBF) responses in humans after short-term high-calorie high-fat (HCHF) diet. The main findings were that HCHF diet causes elevated postprandial insulin in healthy individuals within 3 days and blunts meal-induced muscle MBF within 7 days, despite no impairments in postprandial glucose or macrovascular blood flow.
Mononuclear phagocyte morphological response to chemoattractants is dependent on geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
Authors: Krauklis Steven A. , Hussain Jamal , Murphy Katherine M. , Dray Evan L. , Ousley Carey G. , Justyna Katarzyna , Distefano Mark D. , Steelman Andrew J. , McKim Daniel B.
Published: May 2024

The immunomodulatory effect of prenylation is ill-defined. We investigated the role of prenylation on the chemoattractant response to C5a. Simvastatin treatment inhibits the cytoskeletal remodeling associated with a chemotactic response. We showed that the chemoattractant response to C5a was dependent on geranylgeranylation, and proteomic analysis identified several geranylgeranylated proteins that are involved in C5a receptor signaling and cytoskeletal remodeling. Furthermore, they establish the role of geranylgeranylation in mediating the response to chemoattractant C5a.
Reward actively engages both implicit and explicit components in dual force field adaptation
Authors: Forano Marion , Franklin David W.
Published: May 2024

Here we show that rewarding participants’ performance during dual force field adaptation primarily affects the initial rate of learning and the early timescales of adaptation, with little effect on the final adaptation level. However, reward affects both explicit and implicit components of adaptation. Whereas the learning rate of the slow process is increased implicitly, the fast learning and retention rates are increased through both implicit components and the use of explicit strategies.
Combining muscle-computer interface guided training with bihemispheric tDCS improves upper limb function in patients with chronic stroke
Authors: Zhang Xue , Meesen Raf , Swinnen Stephan P. , Feys Hilde , Woolley Daniel G. , Cheng Hsiao-Ju , Wenderoth Nicole
Published: May 2024

Bihemispheric tDCS combined with a novel MCI training for motor control of wrist extensor can improve upper limb function especially a training-specific effect on the wrist movement in patients with chronic stroke. The training regimen can be personalized with adjustments made daily to accommodate the functional change throughout the intervention. This demonstrates that bihemispheric tDCS with MCI training could complement conventional poststroke neurorehabilitation.
Numerical and Preliminary In Situ Investigation on Roadway Excavation Using Static Expansion Mechanical Fracturing
Authors: Chen Yin , Li Zijun , Zhao Jian , Huang Dan
Published: May 2024

This paper introduced a new nonexplosive roadway excavation method, combining the reserved free space technology and the static expansion mechanical fracturing technology, where the former is implemented by the gasbag, while the piston splitter is for the latter. The numerical model of roadway excavation was set up via PFC3D to investigate the mechanical fracturing performance, including the single‐hole fracturing and the hole network fracturing. The results show that the reasonable hole margin is about 1.0–1.5 m, and the optimal column spacing of the hole network pattern is 1.0 m, after comprehensively analyzing the fracturing performance and the splitting force evolution. Moreover, the mechanical fracturing excavation method was applied to construct a parking chamber in the Kalatongke Mine, to preliminarily verify the feasibility of the static expansion mechanical fracturing technology. The in situ investigation results indicate that the excavation footage is about 0.8 m with the piston splitter when adopting a hole margin of 1.0–1.5 m. To sum up, the preliminary field application and the numerical simulation result both support the feasibility of mechanical fracturing, and the reasonable fracturing hole margin is about 1.0 m.
The Analysis of Leontopodium leontopodioides (Willd.) Beauv. Chemical Composition by GC/MS and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Dong Yu , Song Lin , Bai Changxi , Wang Buhechaolu , Sa Chula
Published: May 2024

Leontopodium leontopodioides (Willd.) Beauv. (L. leontopodioides.) has been used to treat lung diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, a systematic analysis of its chemical components has not been reported so far. In this study, UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS and GC-MS were applied to investigate the chemical composition of the water extracts and essential oils of L. leontopodioides. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS adopts a heating electrospray ionization source, collecting primary and secondary mass spectrometry data in positive and negative ions, respectively, and uses Compound Discoverer 3.2 software to analyze the collected raw data. As a result, a total of 39 compounds were identified from their high-resolution mass spectra in both positive and negative ionization modes, including 13 flavonoids and their glycosides, 15 phenolic acids, 4 oligosaccharides and glycosides, 4 pentacyclic triterpenoids, and 3 other compounds. Among them, 18 chemical components have not been reported in L. leontopodioides. In the GC-MS section, two common organic solvents (n-hexane and diethyl ether) were used to extract essential oils, and the mass spectra were recorded at 70 eV (electron impact) and scanned in the range of 35∼450 m/z. Compounds were identified using NIST (version 2017), and the peak area normalization method was used to calculate their relative amounts. Finally, 17 components were identified in the volatile oil extracted with n-hexane, accounting for 80.38% of the total volatile oil, including monoterpenoids, phenylpropene, fatty acids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. In the volatile oil extracted with diethyl ether, 16 components were identified, accounting for 73.50% of the total volatile oil, including phenylpropene, aliphatic hydrocarbons, monoterpenoids, fatty acids, and esters. This study was the first to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of the L. leontopodioides water extract and its essential oil, and a comprehensive chemical composition spectrum was constructed, to lay a foundation for its further pharmacodynamic material basis and quality evaluation.
An Optimization Strategy for Truncating Ultralong Bus Lines Integrated with Metro Networks
Authors: Song Cuiying , Chen Yujun , Ma Jihui
Published: May 2024

For most ultralong bus lines, low punctuality rates and vehicle bunching are two main challenges. One potential strategy to solve these two problems is to split an ultralong line into two or three shorter lines according to historical passenger flow patterns as well as other presetting objectives and constraints. Thus, in this paper, a multiobjective optimization model is first established in consideration of both passenger flow distribution and coline metro networks. Then, the optimal truncated stop is determined by estimating the model results generated by enumerating each potential bus stop derived from related metro stops. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA‐II) is applied to solve the model efficiently. A case study conducted on a real bus line associated with metro networks in Beijing, China, demonstrates the efficiency of the optimization strategy adoption in terms of operating cost and passenger travel time, even with a slight increase in passenger cost. Besides, the multivehicle type is also referred in the experiments to verify economic efficiency to reduce operational costs.
Placental Cannabinoid Receptor Expression in Preterm Birth
Authors: Feduniw Stepan , Krupa Izabela , Łagowska Katarzyna , Laudański Piotr , Tabarkiewicz Jacek , Stawarz Barbara , Raba Grzegorz
Published: May 2024

Background: The cannabinoid receptor (CBR) plays a significant role in oogenesis, pregnancy, and childbirth. It might also play a significant role in preterm birth (PTB). The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the expression of the CBR in the placenta and the incidence of PTB.Methods: This prospective, observational, multicentre preliminary study was conducted on placental samples obtained from 109 women. The study included 95 patients hospitalized due to the high risk of PTB. They were divided into two groups: Group 1, where the expression of the CBR1 and CBR1a was analyzed, and Group 2, in which we examined CBR2 expression. The control group, that is, Group 3, consisted of 14 women who delivered at term, and their placentas were tested for the presence of all three receptor types (CBR1, CBR1a, and CBR2).Results: The study used reverse transcription and real-time PCR methods to assess the expression of CBRs in the placental tissues. The expression of the CBR2, CBR1, and CBR1a receptors was significantly lower in the placentas of women after PTB compared to those after term births, p=0.038, 0.033, and 0.034, respectively.Conclusions: The presence of CBR mRNA in the human placental tissue was confirmed. The decreased expression of CBRs could serve as an indicator in predicting PTB.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Compounds from the Root Extract of Aloe debrana
Authors: Getahun Tokuma , Das Joydeep , Sil Parames C. , Gupta Neeraj
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the chemical compounds from the roots of Aloe debrana (L.) and evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. From the acetone (99.5%) extract of the roots of this plant, four anthraquinones, such as chrysophanol (1), asphodeline (2), aloesaponarin I (5), and laccaic acid D-methyl ester (6), and a new catechol derivative, 5-allyl-3-methoxybenzene-1,2-diol (3), were isolated and elucidated by different chromatographic and spectroscopic methods together with linoleic acid (4), respectively. Compounds 2, 3, and 4 were reported here for the first time from this plant and compound 3 from the genus Aloe. The compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using H2O2 and DPPH assays and bactericidal activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Compounds 3 and 6 showed highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 19.38 ± 0.64 and 32.81 ± 0.78 μg/mL in DPPH, and 28.52 ± 1.08 and 27.31 ± 1.46 μg/mL in H2O2, respectively. The isolated compounds also demonstrated considerable activity towards S. aureus. Among these compounds, compound 3 exhibited the highest activity (91.20 ± 0.12% and 9.14 ± 0.93 mm at 1.0 mg/mL) against this bacterium. The overall results suggest that the isolated compounds may be considered as potential sources of the bioactive agents to be used in the pharmacological, food, and other industries. Moreover, their high sensitivity against S. aureus may also support the use of A. debrana plant in the traditional medicine to treat wounds. Therefore, the isolated compounds are responsible for medicinal properties of this plant.
Theoretical Solutions for Forecasting the Response of the Existing Pipeline Induce by Tunneling underneath
Authors: Rong Yao , Feng Guohui , Sun Yang , Li Yujie , Chen Guanyu , Ding Haibin , Xu Changjie
Published: May 2024

In order to accurately and efficiently assess the impact of tunnel excavation on overlying existing pipeline, an analytical method is proposed to solve this problem. First, the vertical free displacement of the surrounding soil due to tunnel excavation can be derived by the Loganathan formula. Next, the overlying existing pipeline can be treated as a Timoshenko beam resting on the Vlasov foundation model, and the influence of the surrounding soil on the both sides of the existing pipeline is taken into consideration. Finally, an analytical solution for the longitudinal deformation of the existing pipeline can be obtained by using the integral method. Case analysis results demonstrate that the calculated results of this method closely in line with measured data. Compared to the degenerate analytical solution given by this method, the result from this method is more consistent with the measured data. Further parameter studies show that the volume loss rate, diameter of new tunnel, skew angle, and vertical distance between tunnel and pipeline are significant factors affecting the existing pipeline response due to tunneling underlying.
Subgradient Extragradient Method for Finite Lipschitzian Demicontractions and Variational Inequality Problems in a Hilbert Space
Authors: Suwannaut Sarawut
Published: May 2024

In this research, the modified subgradient extragradient method and K-mapping generated by a finite family of finite Lipschitzian demicontractions are introduced. Then, a strong convergence theorem for finding a common element of the common fixed point set of finite Lipschitzian demicontraction mappings and the common solution set of variational inequality problems is established. Furthermore, numerical examples are given to support the main theorem.