Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi pada Anak Usia Prasekolah (Studi di Kelompok Belajar D-BAITO Sunan Plumbon dan Raudhatul Athfal MASYITHOH Krajan Kecamatan Tembarak Kabupaten Temanggung pada Tahun 2021)
Authors: Nabilah Ngaina Khansa , Rahfiludin Muhammad Zen , Kartini Apoina 
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang: Anak anak usia prasekolah usia 3-6 tahun sedang melewati masa pertumbuhan yang sangat tinggi (growth spurt). Data Kabupaten Temanggung gizi kurang tahun 2019 dengan persentase 5,5%Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian 77 Ibu yang memiliki anak yang bersekolah di KB D-BAITO Sunan Plumbon dan RA MASYITHOH Krajan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu  purposive sampling. Variabel yang dikaji yaitu pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan, pengetahuan ibu, penyakit infeksi dan paparan asap rokok. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Uji analisis data menggunakan uji rank spearman dan chi square.Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sebagian besar status gizi indikator BB/U responden adalah gizi baik (62,3%), status gizi indikator TB/U anak adalah normal (68,8%) dan status gizi indikator BB/TB anak adalah normal (77,9%). Hasil uji statistik mengunakan rank spearman dan chi square didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan, pengetahua ibu, jumlah anggota keluarga dan paparan asap rokok dengan status gizi (BB/U, TB/U dan BB/TB). Terdapat kecenderungan anak yang terpapar asap rokok memiliki nilai HAZ yang lebih rendah (mean ± SD sebesar -1,33 ±1,106) dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak terpapar asap rokok (-1,13 ± 1,15) dengan p-value=0,265 dari uji chi square.Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan, pengetahuan ibu, jumlah anggota keluarga dan paparan asap rokok dengan status antropometri anak prasekolah di KB D-BAITO Sunan Plumbon dan RA MASYITHOH Krajan. Terdapat kecenderungan anak yang terpapar asap rokok lebih pendek daripada yang tidak terpapar asap rokok.Kata kunci: Status gizi; usia prasekolah; gizi kurangABSTRACTTitle: Factors Affecting Nutritional Status in Preschool Age Children (Studies in the D-BAITO Study Group Sunan Plumbon and Raudhatul Athfal MASYITHOH Krajan, Tembarak District, Temanggung Regency in 2021).Background: Preschool children aged 3-6 years are going through a period of very high growth (growth spurt). The data from Temanggung Regency for malnutrition in 2019 with a percentage of 5.5 %.Method: This type of research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 77 mothers who had children who attended KB D-BAITO Sunan Plumbon and RA MASYITHOH Krajan. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The variables studied were mother's education, mother's occupation, income, mother's knowledge, infectious diseases and exposure to cigarette smoke. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Test data analysis using rank spearman and chi square.Result: The study showed that most of the nutritional status indicators of the respondents' BB/U were good nutrition (62.3%), the nutritional status of the children's TB/U indicators was normal (68.8%) and the nutritional status of the children's BB/TB indicators was normal (77, 9%). The results of statistical tests using Spearman rank and chi square found that there was no relationship between mother's education, mother's occupation, income, mother's knowledge, number of family members  and exposure to cigarette smoke with nutritional status (WAZ, WHZ and HAZ). There is a tendency that children exposed to cigarette smokes had lower  HAZ scores (mean ± SD of-1.33 ± 1,106 ) than those who are not exposed to cigarette smokes  (-1.13 ± 1,15) with a p-value of chi square test of 0,265Conclusion: There was no association between mother's education, mother's occupation, income, mother's knowledge, number of family members and exposure to cigarette smoke with anthropometric status of preschool children in KB D-BAITO Sunan Plumbon and RA MASYITHOH Krajan. There was a tendency that children exposed to cigarette smokes were shorter than those who were not exposed to cigarette smoke.Keywords: Nutritional status; preschool age; malnutrition