bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPORTANCE OF CPEC A CROWN JEWEL OF BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI) FOR CHINA AND PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Defense and Strategic Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Pakistan, Ali Irfan
Published: September 2022

For the last two decades, China has been advancing rapidly in multiple sectors compared to the years of progress before 2000. Despite opposing views from the U.S. regarding the progress of China, it is a fact that China is the rising power in the current globalized world. Beijing applies many strategies and programs to achieve success and the world's predominant status. In continuation of its plans, China introduced a global connectivity and development program, namely One Belt, One Road (OBOR), renamed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), in 2013. The BRI is the biggest project in human history by a single country. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)is a flagship project of BRI. It is considered the testing ground for the initiative's success. The Gwadar port project under the CPEC plays the role of a gateway for China toward Central Asia and the Middle East. China can export and import its goods quickly via this shorter and cheaper route. Therefore, the success of the CPEC keeps much significance for Beijing and Islamabad. Likewise, CPEC will prove the authenticity, reliability and credibility of BRI. For this reason, China is trying its best to complete the CPEC within a projected time. However, many countries raise questions about the authenticity and reliability of CPEC and BRI. However, despite negative connotations, the project's progress is evident. Keywords: CPEC, BRI, Realism, Dominance, NSR, FDI, Energy, Security.
The Potency of Lactobacillus fermentum and Moringa oleifera Extract with different Fermentation Time to improve the Nutrient content of Fermented Rice Bran
Authors: P. Lokapirnasari Widya , Maslachah Lilik , M. Sahidu Adriana , B. Yulianto Andreas , R. Pramestya Ninda , D. Lestari Ratna
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate Lactobacillus fermentum (L.fermentum) and Moringa oleifera (M.oleifera) extract for the future development synbiotic to improve the nutrient content of rice bran fermented products to support health. The treatments are divided into 7 treatments: 1:control (without probiotic and without M.oleifera extract); 2:(1% L. fermentum); 3:(1% L. fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract); 4:(1% L. fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract); 5:(2% L. fermentum; 6:(2% L. fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract); 7:(2% L. fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract), and then incubated at 37ºC, 24 hours. Isolate L. fermentum (108 cfu/ml) which has been incubated with M. oleifera extract, then sprayed on the rice bran according to the each treatment, then incubated an aerob condition for 5 and 10 days. After the fermentation period was complete, a proximate analysis was carried out. Results: The addition of L. fermentum and M.oleifera extract could increase the crude protein content from 12.66% to 15.94% (2% L.fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), decrease crude fiber from 21.28% to 13.50% (2% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), increase nitrogen free extract (NFE) from 43.81% to 51.53% (2% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), increase metabolizable energy (ME) from 3006.97 kcal/kg to 3294.96 kcal/kg (1% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract, on 5 days of fermentation). The addition of 1% and 2% L.fermentum as probiotic and 1% and 2% Moringa oleifera extract as prebiotic had potential properties as synbiotic.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ophthalmic Novel In-Situ Gel Containing Acyclovir for the Treatment of Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Authors: Hussain Abrar , Majumdar Arti , Malviya Neelesh , Dhere Manisha
Published: September 2022

Herpes Simplex Keratitis (HSK), which is a major reason of corneal infection. The virus (Herpes simplex virus) enters into a latent phase. It presents primary infection as conjunctiva and eyelids swelling and mild inflammation. According to global research of disease, it is around 1.4 million, including 38,000 new cases of visual impairment or blindness every year. Several oral and topical antiviral drugs for HSK are out there commercially. However, toxicity and low patient compliance hamper use in HSK. Thus, an effective and safe delivery for HSK is required. The conventional ocular delivery systems such as suspension, solutions and ointments show drawbacks like increased low efficiency, pre-corneal elimination and blurred vision respectively, resulting to poor bioavailability. Ophthalmic In-situ gels, which are viscous polymer-based liquids are instilled in eyes as drops that undergoes sol-to-gel transition that improve duration of corneal contact and ocular bioavailability and thereby reducing frequency of administration. Merits of Ophthalmic in-situ gels over conventional dosage forms are possibility of releasing drugs at constant and slow rate with increased ocular residence time, increased shelf life and accurate dosing. This research includes ion induced in-situ-forming polymeric systems using combination of gelling agents to prolong corneal contact time, eradicate drug elimination and increase the bioavailability.
The Immunomodulatory effects of Zingiber officinale (Ginger): A Systematic Review
Authors: Hikmah Harun Nurul , Firdaus Mohamad Mohamad
Published: September 2022

Recently, the available synthetic drugs to treat immune related diseases have been reported to produce many side effects to the consumer. For instance, corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation during infection but able to cause adverse effects such as bruising, muscle weakness, pathologic fractures, weight gain and sleep disturbances. As an alternative for a safer alternative for preventive and treatment agents with low risk of side effect, Zingiber officinale which is known as ginger or ‘halia’ in Malaysia has a good prospect. It is because this herb is used as traditional medicine among community to treat several ailments, including immune and infectious diseases. Several studies have shown that crude extracts and bioactive components of Z. officinale possessed diverse pharmacological properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. The objective of this research is to find out the effects of Z. officinale on the immunomodulatory activities from the selected previous studies from year 2000 to 2020. Briefly, this study involves 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that determined immunomodulatory activities of Z. officinale. The results of systematic analysis showed that Z. officinale exhibits immunomodulatory activities for both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. However, some limitation should be aware with the detailed reporting on the controls used in the included studies. Future well-designed RCTs with detailed reporting on the controls are required for providing additional data to prove the consequences of Z. officinale on the immunomodulatory as well as safety data of consuming this plant.
SATISFACTION OF THE FUTURE NURSES WITH THE WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE HEALTHCARE ESTABLISHMENTS DURING THEIR PRE-GRADUATION TRAINEESHIP
Authors:   Department of Nursing Care, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Dragusheva Snezhana , Petleshkova Penka ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Published: September 2022

The training of nurses is a key issue on which the provision of access to and quality of medical care depends. The shortage of nurses and the unfavorable ratio between nurses and doctors create problems in the proper organization of the provision of medical care. As health care providers working under stressful conditions, future nurses need a safe working environment for themselves and their patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to establish the level of satisfaction of future registered nurses with the working conditions in healthcare establishments during their pre-graduation traineeship. Material and methods: The study presents the result of a survey of the opinion of 283 fourth-year students majoring in Nursing at the Medical University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Public Health; Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Faculty of Medicine and Haskovo Branch; 'Prof. Dr. Asen Zlatarov’ University, Burgas. Results and Discussion: The students' level of satisfaction with the facilities where they do their pre-graduation traineeship is an important factor in the professional development of future registered nurses. A lower level of satisfaction of the students with the equipment and facilities where they do their pre-graduation traineeship is usually associated with a lack of sufficient personal protective equipment and other consumables in the healthcare establishments. Conclusion: Probably due to difficulties in performing nursing tasks in a real-life environment ensuing from organizational problems connected with the provision of consumables and materials, risks of accidents, the existing outdated facilities are the main reasons for the lower levels of satisfaction of students with the facilities during their pre-graduation traineeship.
On a Riemann boundary value problem for weighted spaces in the half-plane
Authors: Hayrapetyan Hrachik Mergo , Aghekyan Smbat Ararat
Published: September 2022

The paper considers the Riemann boundary value problem in the half-plane in the class of functions that are $C(\rho)$-continuous with respect to the weight $\rho(x)$, when the weight function has infinite number of zeros. Necessary and sufficient conditions for solvability of the problem are established. If the problem is solvable, solutions are represented in an explicit form.
Spatial differences in childhood and adolescent obesity according to sex and migrant status in Vienna, Austria
Authors: Kirchengast Sylvia , Hagmann Dominik
Published: September 2022

Background The marked spatial differences in the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity rates within cities are mainly due to environmental characteristics of individual intracity areas. This is the first analysis of spatial differences in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among children in the Austrian capital Vienna.

Subjects and methods In the medical-record-based study, the weight status of 1611 Viennese school children of lower socioeconomic backgrounds at the ages of six, ten, and 15 years from 46 randomly selected public secondary schools were included. Medical data have been obtained at schools by trained members of the Medical school authority. Besides effects of sex and background of migration, associations between weight status and the natural as well as social environments of the residential and school districts were analyzed. Since the 23 political districts of Vienna differ markedly in socioeconomic and environmental characteristics, a comparison between the districts was carried out.

Results Especially high overweight and obesity rates were found for the socially disadvantaged areas of the 10th, 12th, and 15th political district of Vienna. Children living and attending schools in better-off districts had lower rates of overweight and obesity, despite their low social status. The most important factors influencing overweight and obesity were parameters of the social environment and characteristics of the residential area of the children. Significant associations between the body mass index and unemployment rates, average monthly income, the educational level of the district population, the proportion of migrants in the district, and sociodemographic cluster areas could be observed. This was equally true for girls and boys, as well as children with or without a migrant background.

Conclusion In general, socially disadvantaged, inner-city areas showed extremely high prevalence rates of obesity.
The impact of lifestyle factors and chronic stress on frequency and intensity of migraine and tension-type headache among Austrian women
Authors: Kirchengast Sylvia , Molnar Astrid
Published: September 2022

Background Primary headache disorders such as migraine and tension-type headaches represent an important public health problem. Besides genetic factors, environmental parameters, and, in particular, recent lifestyle patterns may contribute to the increasing prevalence of headache disorders.

Sample and methods 173 women, between the ages of 18 and 65 years, were enrolled in the present study. The present study focuses on the association between recent lifestyle patterns such as physical activity, time spent outdoors, time spent in front of TV or computer screens, nicotine consumption, weight status as well as chronic stress exposure, and the duration and intensity of migraine and tension-type headaches (TTHs) in a female sample from Austria. An extensive online questionnaire, consisting of 72 questions regarding sociodemographic background, headache anamnesis, lifestyle factors, such as sleep, and physical activity patterns, was distributed via online platforms by means of a snowball sampling system. Additionally, chronic stress was measured using the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress.

Results Participants suffering from migraine were significantly older than women suffering from tension-type headaches (TTHs) and migraine. Age was significantly associated with migraine attack frequency. Women suffering from tension-type headaches (TTH) intensity showed significant associations with physical exercise, sleep, and chronic stress. Fewer hours of exercise and higher stress were connected with higher pain intensity. Migraine frequency, in contrast, correlated with daily hours spent in front of computer screen, while stress and physical exercise did not show associations with migraines.

Conclusion The study showed that lifestyle factors may be associated with and may have effects on primary headache disorders, especially tension-type headaches.
Letter from the Editor
Authors: Minor Robin
Published: September 2022

Welcome to the second issue of Teaching and Learning Excellence through Scholarship from the Community College of Baltimore County (TALES from CCBC, or TALES)!
Stop Trying to Do It All! The Team-Teaching Producer/Presenter Model for Virtual Classrooms
Authors: Porter Charles , Reddish Melissa
Published: September 2022

While teaching during a global pandemic has had many challenges, perhaps the greatest challenge facing faculty has been pivoting to a virtual format. Research has indicated for years that a “producer” should facilitate virtual teaching, improving the experience for the presenter and participants, but many faculty attempted to “do it all,” teaching virtual classes solo. We employed team-teaching as we combined 2 virtual sections of our first year composition course (FYC) with one instructor acting as “presenter” and the other acting as “producer” to explore whether the team-teaching producer/presenter (TTPP) model of virtual teaching could increase student success rates and create a sustainable model for faculty. Using practical action research, we collected data from different course modalities of FYC sections at our institution over a period of 2 years to compare pass rates, retention rates, and student evaluation data across all sections of our FYC to our TTPP virtual sections; we analyzed our student feedback from various surveys; and we included our own anecdotal observations. Our preliminary findings showed improved pass/retention rates over those of solo virtual and hybrid virtual sections. Our student-evaluation numbers were among the highest across all sections of FYC. Overall, these findings suggest that there are many new opportunities for research to further demonstrate that virtual teaching, especially in the TTPP model, should persist beyond pandemic necessity and become a sustainable and affordable additional model for remote learning.
Survey of the School of Mathematics and Sciences at a Community College Regarding Academic Dishonesty
Authors: Prentice Linda , Cardona Cristina
Published: September 2022

After receiving many anecdotes about student cheating and plagiarism in online and remote classes during the COVID-19 pandemic, the School of Mathematics and Science (SOMS) at the Community College of Baltimore County convened an Academic Integrity Committee to investigate these issues. A survey was sent to SOMS faculty members to determine their opinions about where cheating was most likely occurring. The committee hypothesized that instructors would feel that cheating and plagiarism were on the rise and that most faculty members felt ill-prepared for this. This paper aims to summarize the survey results. Overall, the results indicate that faculty seem doubtful of their ability to ensure academic honesty and would like to see materials that help them in these areas. The survey results guided the committee in determining what projects most deserved the committee’s attention. The committee was able to develop materials for new instructors and wrote a document of practical recommendations for several types of online exams. The committee also gave a presentation at the college’s Teaching and Teaching Fair to help faculty become more familiar with the tools available on the new Learning Management System (LMS), Brightspace. The committee has begun researching ideas such as Honor Codes and other methods of gaining student buy-in. There may be an opportunity to make more concrete recommendations in the future. One of the limitations of this research is the sample pool, which was a small percentage of total faculty members and therefore may not indicate what most faculty believe. Another limitation is that surveyed faculty members were from mathematics, biology, and physical sciences departments. These different disciplines have different assessment types and use different tools. The college also switched to a new LMS system involving new plagiarism detection tools. Further data may be required to determine the exact cause of faculty discontent.
Vasectomy Regret or Lack Thereof
Authors: Anderson Danyon J. , Lucero Morgan , Vining Stephen , Daniel Charles , Hasoon Jamal , Viswanath Omar , Kaye Alan D. , Urits Ivan
Published: September 2022

Background

Vasectomy is a procedure that results in permanent yet reversible sterility and remains a great contraceptive option for many. Previous research studies have highlighted frequency of vasectomy utilization, defining characteristics of individuals who opt for this method, various surgical techniques, and the risks and benefits associated with the procedure. What remains to be defined is why or why not individuals may experience post-vasectomy regret and whether the previous characteristics correlate.

Objective

The objective of this review is to synthesize information regarding reasons individuals may regret their vasectomy and seek reversal, what options exist for accomplishing the reversal, and patients’ fertility prognosis post-vasovasostomy.

Methods

This review utilized a combination of secondary and tertiary data analysis across a wide scope of academic databases pertaining to the topic of interest.

Results

Typically, most males who have sought a vasectomy are satisfied with their decision, however, approximately 6% of this population seeks reversal. Key factors influencing vasectomy regret include age at the time of vasectomy, parental status, pre- and post-operative relationship status, unresolved physical and psychosexual problems, and development of chronic scrotal pain following the procedure. Few options exist for vasectomy reversal including microsurgical reconstructive vasectomy reversal (VR) and sperm extraction for in vitro fertilization. There is no guarantee that fertility will be restored in any case but a major predictive factor for success is the time interval prior to reversal.

Conclusion

Vasectomy is intended to be a permanent form of contraception; however, a minor chance remains that individuals may experience post-operative regret due to various factors. This warrants proper comprehensive counseling by the patient’s provider regarding benefits and risks, procedural outcomes, opportunities for reversal, and fertility prognosis.
Book Review: CENTRAL ASIA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University, 050004 Almaty, Kazakhstan, MAKHANOV Kanat
Published: September 2022

Arturo Oropeza García and Nikolay Shkolyar (eds.), Central Asia within the Framework of the Eurasian Economic Union. Mexico City, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 2021. pp. 358.
Kavramsal Bir Müdahale: Siyasal Rejimi Politeia Kavramıyla Düşünmek
Authors: TOKMAK Meriç
Published: September 2022

Siyasal rejim, çağdaş literatürde yeknesaklığa ulaşamamış bir kavramlaşma olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Kapsamı ve içeriğine dönük üzerinde bir uzlaşma bulunmayan siyasal rejim kavramı, çoğu zaman da siyasal sistem, hükûmet sistemi, devlet biçimi kavramları ile iç içe geçerek kullanılmaktadır. Öyle ki, bu kullanım tarzı kavrama dair ciddi bir karmaşa yaratmaktadır. Bu makale haddizatında siyasal rejim kavramlaşmasının söz konusu karmaşadan yalıtılarak özünün yakalanmasına odaklanmaktadır. Bu itibarla makale, siyasal rejim kavramının esasını belirginleştirmeyi ve çağdaş literatürde neden bir kavram karmaşası doğduğuna ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalede, siyasal rejim kavramının fenomenolojik bir tarzda “paranteze alınarak” dış etkenlerden yalıtılmasıyla, kavramın temelindeki toplumsal bölünme ve tabakalaşma olgularının saydamlaştığı; ancak tarihsel süreçte siyasal rejim kavramının tıpkı kamu ve siyasal kavramları gibi dönüşüme uğradığı savunulmaktadır. Bu itibarla siyasal rejim teriminin, antikitedeki karşılığı olan politeia kavramlaşmasından tarihsel süreçte koptuğu, siyasal rejimin ana akımda kullanıldığı haliyle de politeia kavramına yabancılaştığı düşünülmektedir. Makalede siyasal rejim kavramına ait karmaşadan kurtulmak için politeia kavramlaştırmasının göz önünde bulundurulması önerilmektedir. Makalede kavram ve olguların arka planlarını, mekanizmalarını, ilişkiselliklerini ele alan eleştirel gerçekçi bir metodoloji temelinde tarihsel ve diyalektik bir izlek benimsenmektedir. Makale siyasal rejim kavramını politeia kavramına geri dönüşle aydınlatabildiği ölçüde işlevini yerine getirmiş sayılabilir.
FT-IR coupled secondary metabolites profiling and biological activities of Neolamarckia cadamba leaves
Authors: George Jennifer , Dhavan Pratik , Jadhav Bhaskar , Meshram Gangadhar , Patil Vishwanath
Published: September 2022

Neolamarckia cadamba is a pharmacologically significant tropical tree, exploited for various biological studies due to its rich secondary metabolites. In the present investigation, comparison of pharmacological and biological studies of five different extracts of Neolamarckia cadamba leaves have been carried out. This is the first report of phytochemical studies of five different extracts, coupled with FT-IR spectroscopy. Methanol extract (NCLE-D) was found to be rich in secondary metabolites. This extract also showed higher phenolic (279.023 GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (1067.48 QE/g extract) contents. Ethyl acetate extract (NCLE-C) and NCLE-D showed significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 15.17 µg/mL and 16.12 µg/mL respectively compared to ascorbic acid (positive control) with IC50 5.22 µg/mL. NCLE-C exhibited antibacterial activity as well. These results suggest that Neolamarckia cadamba is capable of producing bioactive compounds especially from its leaves; hence, could be a valuable source of new drugs for treating diseases.
Business ethics in the era of COVID 19: How to protect jobs and employment rights through innovation
Authors: Kooli Chokri , Son Melanie lock , Beloufa Imene
Published: September 2022

The pandemic situation generated by the novel coronavirus virus (COVID-19) created several moral and economic dilemmas. While trying to save many local and world economies, entrepreneurs, leaders, and policymakers faced the challenges of managing the resultant economic and financial disruptions and risks coupled with the moral obligation to observe business ethics. This research is based on a documental collection, revision, and analysis of relevant and emerging literature to catch the best practices and experiences adopted by various governments and businesses, especially in western countries, to protect the jobs and employment rights of workers. Among other things, this study urges social policymakers to adopt innovative mechanisms and programs to not only protect the rights of employees but also help maintain jobs during pandemic situations and economic crises The research suggests that adhering to business ethics will enhance the use of technology and boost the sense of innovation and creativity of both employees and their organizations. The importance of the collaboration between public Administrators, policymakers, entrepreneurs, and employees to maintain the fundamentals of business ethics and protect employees’ rights is adjudged to be critical to a speedy recovery from the losses and disruptions caused by the pandemic.
Magnetic resonance imaging-negative myeloneuropathy and bilateral facial paresis unfurling systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ghosh Ritwik , Das Shambaditya , De Koustav , Dubey Souvik , Benito-León Julián
Published: September 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune connective tissue disorder that can affect all the neuroaxes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Myelopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus is one of the least common neuropsychiatric syndromes accounting for 1%–2% of cases. Myelopathy has long been diagnosed based on clinical findings, laboratory tests, and gold-standard gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI-negative myelopathy is a recently described subset of myelopathies. Here, we report the case of a young woman from rural West Bengal, India, who presented with overlapping features of white-matter and gray-matter myelopathy associated with peripheral neuropathy and bilateral asymmetric lower motor neuron-type facial paresis. The historical analysis yielded clues toward an etiological diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, further substantiated by seropositivity of lupus-specific autoantibodies. Her neurological disabilities responded poorly to oral administration of hydroxychloroquine, bolus intravenous administration of methylprednisolone, and high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy but eventually responded remarkably well to cyclical rituximab therapy. This case adds to the tally of cases of MRI-negative lupus myelopathy. MRI-negative myelopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus can be easily missed if not meticulous attention is paid during clinical history taking and examinations.
Tasarım Stüdyosu için Kolektif Zeka Modeli
Authors: HEYİK Muhammet Ali , ERDOĞAN Meral
Published: September 2022

Mimarlık eğitiminde kurumsal altyapının, eğitimcilerin ve öğrencilerin hızlı bir adaptasyon geçirdiği pandemi dönemi yakın geçmişin imkânsız görülen kalıplarını sorgulamaya açmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında çevrimiçi/hibrit öğrenme ekosistemi içerisinde tespit edilen temel güçlüklere karşı kolektif zekâ (KZ) modelinin geliştirilmesi ve tasarım sürecinin iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çeşitli aktörleri içeren üç temel stüdyo modülü geliştirilmiştir. Her bir modül iş birliği, grup etkileşimi ve uzlaşıya yönelik KZ olanaklarının stüdyo ortamına entegrasyonunu ve etkilerinin ölçümlenmesini hedeflemektedir. Geliştirilen kartografya tabanlı platformlar tespit modülünde (M1) iş birliğini, öneri modülünde (M2) gruplar arası etkileşimi, uzlaşı modülünde (M3) ise kullanıcı katılımını esas almaktadır. Uygulama sonrası modüllerin etkileri bu işlevlere bağlı çeşitlenen faktör ve ifadeler üzerinden ölçümlenmektedir. Araştırma sonuçları modüler olarak ve modüllerin KZ modelini oluşturma potansiyelleri ve sınırlılıkları ile tartışılmaktadır. Süreç, çıktı ve katılımcı deneyimlerinden elde edilen bulgular, sade ve uygulaması oldukça pratik biçimde kurgulanan KZ modüllerinin özellikle pandemi dönemi kriz şartlarını fırsata çevirme potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Burada ölçümlenen üç modüle ilişkin faktörler KZ modelinin stüdyo sürecinde bütüncül biçimde kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan karşılaşılan sınırlılıklar deneysel uygulamalarla tespit edilerek geliştirilebilir niteliktedir.
Integrating Computational Fabrication Methods with Architectural Education
Authors: OKTAN Selin , VURAL Serbülent
Published: September 2022

Today, technology is developing rapidly. It changes architectural design and building techniques. To these changes up education system should be updated and be integrated with the novel technology. Tomorrow’s professionals only be educated with this way. To make novel technology a part of architectural education, computational fabrication laboratories should be established and be integrated with architectural curriculum. They have the potential to transform architectural education processes. Within this context, this study tries to integrate computational fabrication methods with architectural education. The aim of the study is to share the process and results of a series of exercises applied to the use of computational fabrication tools and methods at the undergraduate level of architectural education. The study deals with exercise processes in a multidimensional scope. In this framework, constructivist learning processes, the concept of metacognition, the flipped classroom model and portfolio evaluation method played a role in the creation and evaluation of the exercise processes. Integrating computational fabrication laboratories with educational processes brings the student to play an active role in the exercise process. This approach is defined as constructivist learning process. In this way, it is ensured that the students can construct their own thinking and understanding processes. While the verb "teaching" is in question in conventional or objectivist education processes, the verb "learning" comes to the fore in constructivist processes. The instructor does not give the information directly but directs the student to reach the information. Flipped classroom model and portfolio evaluation are used as the methods of this study. The background of the exercises is supported by constructivist learning processes and metacognition concept. Within the exercise processes computational fabrication processes such as CNC laser machining and robotic milling were experienced. Within this study four exercises were performed to make the students experience computational fabrication methods: Unfolding, Tessellation, Sectioning, Folding and Moulding. To evaluate the exercise series success portfolio evaluation method was used. The answers in the portfolio to the questions of “What is the aim of this study?” and “What did you learn from this study?” are compared with the aim and learning outcomes of the exercises. As a result of this study, it is seen that the students’ knowledge on file-to-factory process is increased. They learned how to make ready a parametric model for computational fabrication. Based on student portfolios, it has been determined that students have begun to realize the potentials of computational fabrication tools. The students learned how to use computer aided manufacturing software, and even they could manage to define toolpaths on their own. This shows that, undergraduate architectural education level is not early to teach students computational fabrication tools and software.
Assessment of malondialdehyde level in broiler chickens suffering from chronic heat stress and fed on a diet supplemented with bioactive substances
Authors: Abass Kadham Hasan , Atiyah Wisam Raheem , Mlaghee Mohammed Abdulabbas
Published: September 2022

Heat stress is one of the most important health dilemmas that faces poultry industry characterized by high degrees of economic losses. The presented work, here, was carried out to evaluate the effects of grape pomace (GP) on decreasing the levels of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in broilers. For that purpose, 150 chicks were randomly assigned into three groups (50 chicks/group). One group received no treatment, the control group (G1). The second group (G2) was provided with 25 gm (2.5%) of GP/kg of ration. The third group (G3) was given 50 gm (5%) of GP/kg of ration. The results indicated that the levels of MDA in fresh meat samples (G3) were significantly (p˂0.05) the lowest than those from other meat samples of the G2 and G1. Frozen meat samples (G2 and G3) had significantly (p˂0.05) lesser levels of MDA than those from G1. In the case of MDA from the plasmas of chickens, their levels were significantly (p˂0.05) the lowest in the G3 followed by G2 than those from other plasma samples of G1.
A cooriginariedade entre o direito à informação e o Estado democrático de direito: um estudo de caso da Medida Provisória nº 928/2020 e da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 6351/DF a partir das teorias do discurso de Habermas e Günther
Authors: Bevilacqua Maritana Mello , Reck Janriê Rodrigues
Published: September 2022

Esta pesquisa dedica-se a analisar o nexo entre o direito à informação e o Estado democrático de direito, a partir de bases teóricas discursivas. Vale-se de estudo de caso efetuado a partir do voto que concedeu medida cautelar na Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 6351/DF, a qual questionava o artigo 1º da Medida Provisória nº 928/2020, que pretendia inserir artigo suspendendo prazo de resposta para pedidos de informação formulados a partir da Lei nº 12.527/2011 (Lei de Acesso à Informação). A linha condutora da pesquisa é firmada a partir dos elementos teóricos que circunscrevem o direito à informação: o Estado democrático de direito e as teorias do discurso de Klaus Günther e de Jünger Habermas. A pergunta que guia a pesquisa é a seguinte: – É possível a suspensão dos prazos para resposta às solicitações de informações baseadas na Lei de Acesso à Informação, conforme instituído pela Medida Provisória nº 928/2020, ainda que sob regime de emergência em saúde pública, a partir de uma ótica discursiva? A hipótese é de que, a partir de noções discursivas formuladas por Günther e Habermas, as razões de justificação para a edição da Medida Provisória não servem para a obtenção de um consenso, pois razões contrárias são preponderantes e melhor se coadunam com o Estado democrático de direito. Essa hipótese é confirmada ao final da pesquisa, pois se verifica que as razões de justificação da Medida Provisória eram inadequadas a fins democráticos e violavam o direito fundamental à informação.
Educational Management in the Contemporary World: The Case of Boarding Schools in China
Authors: Gu Shengyu
Published: September 2022

Since time immemorial, understanding educational management in the contemporary world has entailed adopting various aspects in the educational sector. We can exploit one of its topics through academic leadership, thus evaluating boarding schools as an entity. Therefore, by studying boarding schools, we establish our understanding by comparing boarding and day schools, where we analyse the changes in the educational sectors achieved through contrast. More that, we evaluate how the Parents Teachers Association works towards the benefits of the student in these schools. Furthermore, we consider the policies put in place by the government to establish appropriate how they relate towards promoting boarding schools and how differently they impact students' surroundings. Moreover, data collection included using statistical measures whereby various authors effectively used correlation, thus deducing some statistical analysis. Conclusively, the essay contains explicit content indicating how information was established efficiently, thus elaborating its relationship in the preceding article.
Analysis of Algorithm Recommendation Mechanism of TikTok
Authors: Chen Zhiling , Shi Chen
Published: September 2022

Algorithmic recommendation technology is used in all walks of life, among which the application in the news media industry has achieved great development. As a major mainstream mode of content distribution, algorithmic recommendation is well applied to the TikTok, enabling it to accurately and efficiently push video content that users are interested in. As algorithmic recommendation gradually becomes an indispensable part of content operation, analyzing the algorithmic recommendation mechanism will help the platform to better attract and serve users, so that users can get a better experience and videos can get better dissemination effects.
Research on the Practice of "Helping Learning" in Higher Vocational Accounting Course under the Background of Digital Economy
Authors: Sun Junke
Published: September 2022

The development of digital economy puts forward higher reform requirements for the selection of content and teaching methods of higher vocational accounting courses. On the basis of the integration of industry and education, Supported by digital technology, With the party building into the curriculum ideological and political mobilization learning, the use of emerging technology to stimulate learning, real project leadership learning, "three students and three teachers" student team to help learning, pioneer pilot evaluation system supervision learning as the main measures of the "five studies in one" help learning practice, Help with the learning of the curriculum system, Promoted teaching from "teaching" centered to "learning" centered, Teaching mode ranges from "teaching mode" to "learning mode", To further improve the teaching quality of higher vocational accounting courses, Improve the adaptability of higher vocational accounting personnel training; at the same time, We also see that the "infrastructure" needs to be further accelerated.
Research on University Service Environment Design Under the Concept of Interaction Design
Authors: Song Ge
Published: September 2022

With the progress of society, the change of economic environment, the transformation of educational methods and the emergence of new technologies, more and more scholars have begun to pay attention to and promote the construction of campus space and innovative research. Campus service space is the intersection of teachers and students, environment and space, and its role is increasingly recognized by teachers and students. Based on the current situation of the use of university service environment and the actual needs of users as the starting point, through the analysis of the concept and method of interaction design, this paper discusses the design method of university campus service environment based on the concept of interaction design.
Countermeasures for High Quality Development of China's Tourist Attractions
Authors: Wang Ting
Published: September 2022

In China, tourism tourist attractions are the core subjects of tourism development, an important supply carrier to meet the people's growing demand for tourism and high quality of life, and promoting the high-quality development of tourism tourist attractions is an important way to improve the quality of national life. By analyzing the current problems of tourism tourist attractions such as low economic benefits and imperfect facilities, this paper proposes strategies for the future high-quality development of tourism tourist attractions, in order to develop the vision and ideas of tourism tourist attractions in the future high-quality development.
Drug Patent Link System in CPTPP and Chinas Response
Authors: Hao Mingying , Ma Ruize
Published: September 2022

With the reform of the international intellectual property system, the intellectual property rules in regional trade agreements are gradually leading the development of the international intellectual property system. On September 16, 2021, China formally applied to join the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). The CPTPP intellectual property rules will have a profound impact on China's intellectual property legal system. CPTPP stipulates the drug patent link system, and China is also trying to build a drug patent link system. In order to integrate with CPTPP intellectual property rules and build a drug patent link system in line with China's national conditions, it is suggested to further clarify the patent availability standards of pharmaceutical inventions, simplify the drug marketing approval procedures and improve the patent invalidation procedures.
A simplified model to enhance SMEs’ investment in renewable energy sources in Ghana
Authors: Karikari Appiah Michael
Published: September 2022

Although the Renewable Energy Act 2011 (Act, 832) was enacted to facilitate development and investment in the Renewable Energy sources in Ghana as part of the efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7, the actual impacts of the policy are yet to be felt as manifested in the amendment Act 2020 (Act, 1045). There is a need to develop an alternative model to enhance investment in the renewable energy sector. Drawing from the Resources Based View (RBV) and Porter’s Five Forces this paper is aimed to develop a simplified model to explain Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)investment determinants in the renewable energy sources in Ghana. We argued that the simplified integrated model provides robust predictability and wider generalization. Our paper is anchored on the positivists’ epistemology and quantitative methodology. Our hypotheses have been tested using cross-sectional data from the Ghanaian SMEs. Variance Based Partial Least Squares (PLS) method has been used to analyze the survey data. Our results indicate that entrepreneurial competency, financial resource, marketing capability, and technological usage significantly relate to investment in renewable energy. Moreover, the results have shown that competitive rivalry, the threat of entry, and bargaining power of customers significantly relate to investment in renewable energy. These results substantiate the well-known argument that industry forces and resource competitive strategies are significant determinants of a firm’s competitiveness and behavioral intentions. Overall, these results have theoretical and practical implications to facilitate the capacity of SMEs and create enabling renewable energy local content policy to enhance SMEs ’ participation in the sector.
Unstable Ankle Fractures in Neuropathic Diabetics
Authors: Pinzur Michael S.
Published: September 2022

Connolly recognized as early as 1998 that a displaced ankle fracture in a neuropathic diabetic puts that patient at risk for an amputation. It is well appreciated that the risk of a poor clinical outcome secondary to failure of the surgical construct, deep wound infection and osteomyelitis or a combination of both, is greatly increased in neuropathic diabetic patients, that is, those that are insensate to the Semmes-Weinstein 5.07 (10 g) monofilament, as compared with sensate diabetics or similar non-diabetic patients. Despite this understanding, there is little objective evidence to guide treatment. The goal of this monograph is to provide the practicing Orthopaedic Surgeon the best consensus expert opinion and the most current new innovations to optimize clinical outcomes and avoid complications in this highly co-morbid patient cohort.
Treatment of Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Greenhill Dustin A. , Herman Martin J.
Published: September 2022

Diaphyseal femur fractures are common in pediatric orthopaedic settings. A patient-specific treatment plan incorporates several factors, including age, weight, fracture pattern, associated injuries, and social considerations. Nonaccidental trauma should be considered in children younger than 3 years. In general, young children are treated with noninvasive immobilization (Pavlik harness or early hip spica casting) while school-aged children are treated with internal fixation. Internal fixation options include flexible intramedullary nails, rigid locked intramedullary nails, and plate osteosynthesis. Flexible intramedullary nails have the best outcomes in children of appropriate weight, aged 5 to 11 years, with stable fracture patterns. Lateral-entry rigid intramedullary nails have been designed for use in older children. External fixation is usually reserved for complex scenarios. Regarding all treatment methods, surgeons should be aware of several technical factors necessary to optimize outcomes.
Effects of Unconjugated Gold, Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Bovine Spermatozoa at Various Stages of Cryopreservation
Authors: Pande Megha , Tyagi Shrikant , Kumar Suresh , Soni Y.K. , Chand N. , Sirohi A.S. , Sarika  , Devi I. , Mahajan S.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:The increasing use of nanoparticles (NP) for gender-selected spermatozoa, spermenriched semen and novel extenders raises the concern of undesirable effects on fertility and sperm function.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of gold (Au-), silver (Ag-), and titanium dioxide (TiO2-) NPs on the motility and sperm functions in bovine spermatozoa at various stages of cryopreservation.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Frieswal (Sahiwal × Holstein Friesian) bull semen ejaculates (N = 24) were challenged with unconjugated and ligand-free Au-, Ag-, and TiO2-NPs.RESULTS:At post-dilution (fresh) stage, there was no significant difference observed in progressive motility and viability amongst the control and any nanoparticle-treated groups, though plasma membrane integrity was significantly reduced in nanoparticle-treated groups (p < 0.05). The acrosome intactness was also significantly reduced in the groups of Ag-NP and TiO2-NP (p < 0.05), while there was no effect observed in the Au-NP group. At post-equilibration stage, a significant reduction in motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity was observed in all three nanoparticle-treated groups (p < 0.05). There was no difference in intact acrosome between the control and Au-NPs groups; which was significantly higher than the Ag-NP and TiO2-NP groups (p < 0.05). At post-thaw stage, all NP groups resulted in a significant reduction of motility, viability, acrosome intactness and plasma membrane integrity (p< 0.05). Besides, TiO2-NPs appear to be significant more toxic (p< 0.05) among three NP groups, and Au-NPs appear to be lesser toxic.CONCLUSION:Bovine spermatozoa are adversely affected by Au-, Ag- and TiO2-NPs that may impair sperm motility and other functions.
Determination of Biogenic Amines in Food and Beverage Samples
Authors: Gerhardtová Ivana , Sokol Jozef , Maliarová Mária , Martinka Nicholas , Jankech Timotej
Published: September 2022

Biogenic amines are low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds that are formed primarily by the decarboxylation of amino acids by microbial enzymes. These active substances are found mainly in various types of food or beverages. At certain concentrations, biogenic amines are essential for many physiological functions but toxic if consumed in large quantities. Therefore, the development and optimization of methods sensitive to determine these substances are very much needed. The determination of biogenic amines in food and beverages by the most commonly used separation methods with different types of detection is covered in this review.
The Zonation of the Yorkshire Jurassic Flora
Authors: Harris Tom M.
Published: September 2022

There has been no recent attempt to zone the great flora of the Bathonian and Bajocian of Yorkshire. The plant-bearing rocks are divided into four, and after investigation of new localities it has been found that there is little zonation, but floral changes do occur. The lowest and highest zones are characterized by the relative abundance of one group of species; the two middle zones are characterized by the relative abundance of another group. There is thus a fluctuation and return in the flora.
Clypeina (Dasycladaceae) from the Cretaceous of South India
Authors: Varma Chandra Prakash
Published: September 2022

The genus Clypeina, so far known to occur only in the Eocene and Jurassic formations, is recorded here as C. Sahnii sp. nov. from the Cretaceous rocks. This is also the first record of the genus from India.
On some lower Gondwana Megaspores and Seeds from Mangardaha Coal, West Bokaro, Bihar
Authors: Srivastava P.N.
Published: September 2022

This paper deals with the description of four new types of megaspores and one seed. The author also suggests a change in the nomenclature of some species of megaspores described in the previous paper (SURANGE et al. 1953).