bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating narrative performance in children with developmental language disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Winters Katherine L. , Jasso Javier , Pustejovsky James E , Byrd Courtney
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) typically examine narrative performance when completing a comprehensive language assessment. However, there is significant variability in the methodologies used to evaluate narration. The primary aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to a) investigate how narrative assessment type (e.g., macrostructure, microstructure, internal state language) differentiates typically developing (TD) children from children with developmental language disorder (DLD), or, TD–DLD group differences, b) identify specific narrative assessment measures (e.g., number of different words) that result in greater TD–DLD differences, and, c) evaluate participant and sample characteristics (e.g., DLD inclusionary criteria) that may uniquely influence performance differences. Method: Three electronic databases (PsychInfo, ERIC, and PubMed) and ASHAWire were searched on July 30, 2019 to locate studies that reported oral narrative language measures for both DLD and TD groups between ages 4 and 12 years; studies focusing on written narration or other developmental disorders only were excluded. Thirty-seven primary studies were identified via a three-step study selection procedure. We extracted data related to the sample participants, the narrative task(s) and assessment measures, and research design. Standardized mean differences using a bias-corrected Hedges’ g were the calculated effect sizes (N = 382). Research questions were analyzed using mixed-effects meta-regression with robust variance estimation to account for effect size dependencies. Results: Searches identified eligible studies published between 1987 and 2019. An overall meta-analysis using 382 effect sizes obtained across 37 studies showed that children with DLD had decreased narrative performance relative to TD peers, with summary estimates ranging from -0.850, 95% CI [-1.016, -0.685] to -0.794, 95% CI [-0.963, -0.624], depending on the correlation assumed. Across all models, effect size estimates showed significant heterogeneity both between and within studies, even after accounting for effect size-, sample-, and study-level predictors. Grammatical accuracy (microstructure) and story grammar (macrostructure) yielded the most consistent evidence of significant TD–DLD group differences across statistical models.Conclusions: Present findings suggest some narrative assessment measures may yield significantly different performance between children with and without DLD. However, researchers need to be consistent in their inclusionary criteria, their description of sample characteristics, and in their reporting of the correlations of measures, in order to determine which assessment measures are more likely to yield group differences.
Associations between early efficiency in language processing and learning outcomes in children born full term and preterm: Similarities and differences
Authors: Marchman Virginia A. , Ashland Melanie , Loi Elizabeth C. , Munévar Mónica , Shannon Kat Adams , Fernald Anne , Feldman Heidi
Published: January 2022

•Associations between early language processing efficiency in toddlerhood and later standardized test performance inform the extent to which information processing skills support learning across domains.•Comparing patterns of associations in children from different clinical groups (e.g., children born full term and preterm) further informs whether neurobiological risk alters developmental pathways.•Early language processing efficiency was associated with language and pre-literacy outcomes to a similar extent for preterm and full term children, suggesting similar underlying mechanisms. •Association between processing speed and non-verbal IQ differed by group; processing speed supports learning in a broader range of domains in preterm than term children.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO EN LATINOAMÉRICA
Authors: Albornoz Zamora Elsa Josefina
Published: January 2022

La violencia de género es una manifestación de la discriminación y debido a un desequilibrio de poder, que genera relaciones asimétricas, donde se perpetúa la desvalorización de lo femenino y su subordinación a lo masculino, considerado un problema de Derechos Humanos y de salud pública de gran dimensión en América Latina y el Caribe, se  presenta frecuentemente en todas las sociedades, indistintamente de clase y edad, como violencia física, psicológica, sexual, económica, doméstica, violencia en las redes sociales y llegando inclusive al femicidio (1).
 
La Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) para el año 2019, estableció que los países con más violencia letal con un promedio de más de 100 casos por años fueron Brasil, Argentina, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Venezuela, Perú, República Dominicana, Bolivia y Ecuador, resaltando que una de cada tres mujeres ha sufrido violencia física o sexual por parte de una pareja intima alguna vez en su vida, presentado síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y psicosis. El ejercicio de la violencia está relacionado con una cultura patriarcal y es precisamente este aspecto cultural, lo que en forma errónea justifica la violencia del hombre hacia la mujer, debido a la creencia que ellos tienen el derecho a ejercerla y por la mayor fuerza se sienten superiores a las mujeres (2).
 
De acuerdo al Observatorio de Igualdad de Género en América Latina y el Caribe para el año 2020 las tasas más altas por cada 100.000 mujeres de feminicidios corresponden a Honduras (4.7), República Dominicana (2.4) y El Salvador (2.1). Los 9 países que informaron una disminución en las tasas de feminicidio en comparación con el año 2019 son: Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, República Dominicana y Uruguay. Argentina y México mantuvieron las mismas tasas de feminicidio que en 2019, mientras que países como Ecuador, Costa Rica, Panamá y Venezuela registraron un aumento en comparación con el año anterior (3).
ESOFAGITIS NECROTIZANTE AGUDA (ENA): REPORTE DE CASO
Authors: Fiallos Castro María Belén , Mora Núñez Andrés , Naranjo Perugachi Jeaneth , Atiaja Arias Jeanet
Published: January 2022

Introducción: La esofagitis necrotizante aguda (ENA) es una entidad patológica sumamente rara, cuya patogénesis no se ha identificado hasta la actualidad, pero se la asocia con la hipoperfusión tisular en pacientes de la tercera edad con antecedentes de patologías cardiovasculares (CV) o metabólicas. La ENA es identificada por endoscopia digestiva en ciertos pacientes con antecedentes de riesgo CV, quienes han presentado sintomatología como sangrado digestivo alto, disfagia súbita, epigastralgía intensa, vómitos, entre otros. Objetivo: describir un caso clínico de esofagitis necrotizante aguda, una entidad clínica poco estudiada, el manejo y la evolución clínica de la paciente. Caso clínico: paciente de 87 años con antecedentes de diabetes e hipertensión arterial, ingresada al Servicio de Medicina Interna por descompensación glicémica, quien en su estancia hospitalaria presentó disfagia súbita por lo que se realizó endoscopía digestiva alta, encontrándose un cuadro compatible con esofagitis necrotizante aguda, fue manejada con dieta absoluta, nutrición parenteral total, hidratación e inhibidores de la bomba de protones, siendo su evolución satisfactoria. Conclusiones: Se debería sospechar de ENA en pacientes adultos mayores quienes presentan sintomatología esófago-gástrica aguda y comorbilidades asociadas.
 
Palabras clave: enfermedades del esófago, esofagitis, endoscopia, estenosis esofágica
 
ABSTRACT
 
Introduction: Acute necrotizing esophagitis (ENA) is an extremely rare pathological entity, the pathogenesis of which has not been identified to date, but it is associated with tissue hypoperfusion in elderly patients with a history of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) or metabolic pathologies. ENA is identified by digestive endoscopy in certain patients with a history of CVD risk, who have presented symptoms such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, sudden dysphagia, intense epigastric pain, vomiting, among others. Objective: to describe a clinical case of acute necrotizing esophagitis, a little-studied clinical entity, the management and the clinical evolution of the patient. Clinical case: 87-year-old patient with a history of diabetes and arterial hypertension, admitted to the Internal Medicine Service due to glycemic decompensation, who during his hospital stay presented sudden dysphagia for which an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed, finding a picture compatible with acute necrotizing esophagitis, was managed with absolute diet, total parenteral nutrition, hydration and proton pump inhibitors, and her evolution was satisfactory. Conclusions: ENA should be suspected in older adult patients who present acute esophageal-gastric symptoms and associated comorbidities.       
Keywords: diseases of the esophagus, esophagitis, endoscopy, esophageal stricture
Contribution of the TROLC gene to the regulation of tobacco growth in response to stress factors.
Authors: Kuluev B.R. , Musin Kh.G. , Baimuhametova E.A.
Published: January 2022

The trolC gene refers to plast genes that have entered the genome of Nicotiana tabacum as a probable result of horizontal transfer from Agrobacterium rhizogenes. It was shown that the trolC gene is expressed in young tissues of wild type tobacco; however, the physiological functions of the product of this gene remain largely unknown. The aim of our work was to obtain transgenic tobacco plants expressing a fragment of the trolC gene under the control of the 35SCaMV promoter in an antisense orientation and to assess the growth parameters of their roots under the action of abiotic stress factors. For morphometric analysis, 8 lines of transgenic plants were used. The analysis of root growth under the action of sodium chloride (100 mM), cadmium acetate (100 μM) and hypothermia (12°C) was conducted. Transgenic plants were characterized by improved shoot growth parameters under normal conditions. The roots of transgenic plants grew more slowly under normal conditions and under the action of cadmium and hypothermia than in wild type plants. The product of trolC gene has a negative effect on shoot growth, a positive effect on root growth, and also participates in the regulation and maintenance of root growth under the action of cadmium and hypothermia.
uso das bibliotecas na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e o fomento à leitura
Authors: Leske Samanta Ramos dos Santos , Traversin Viviane Aparecida , Pinto Leandro Rafael
Published: January 2022

Este artigo busca ratificar a importância e a contribuição das bibliotecas das instituições de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), como propositoras na realização de práticas interativas de fomento à leitura. Também busca apresentar ações de incentivo à leitura que podem ser oferecidas por meio de atividades de extensão, com o intuito de colaborar para a formação educacional e social e trazer novas possibilidades para estratégias de efetivação da curricularização da extensão. Pensando nas possibilidades e estratégias para implementação da curricularização da extensão nas diversas instituições de EPT, questiona-se qual seria o papel das bibliotecas neste processo, considerando a infinidade de atividades que podem ser exploradas nestes espaços e a relevância destas para a formação integral dos sujeitos. Para tanto, esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, por meio da descrição das ações propostas e aplicadas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná (IFPR) - Campus União da Vitória, no período de 2017 a 2019. Indicam-se sugestões de ações relacionadas à temática, as quais poderão contribuir para a formação integral dos estudantes e para o diálogo da instituição com a sociedade. Diante disso, verificou-se que o desenvolvimento de atividades de incentivo à leitura pode apresentar resultados positivos com relação ao envolvimento da comunidade interna e externa, e possibilitar a realização de proposições que despertem o interesse pela leitura de forma dinâmica e atrativa, contribuindo também para o desenvolvimento de atividades de extensão e para a implementação da curricularização da extensão.
Sixty Percent of Foods Advertised in Grocery Store Flyers are Not In-line with Canada’s Food Guide
Authors: Laframboise Natalie A. , Seabrook Jamie A. , Matthews June I. , Dworatzek Paula D. N.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate foods advertised in discount and premium grocery flyers for their alignment with Canada’s 2007 Food Guide (CFG) and assess if alignment differed by food category, season, page location, and price.

Methods: Weekly flyers (n = 192) were collected from discount and premium grocery chains from each of 4 seasons. Health Canada’s Surveillance Tool was used to assess food items as in-line or not in-line with CFG.

Results: Of 35 576 food items, 39.7% were in-line with CFG. There were no differences in proportions of foods not in-line in discount versus premium flyers (60.9% and 60.0%, respectively). Other Foods and Meat & Alternatives were advertised most (28.0% and 26.3%, respectively; P < 0.001). Milk & Alternatives were the least advertised food group (10.3%). Vegetables & Fruit (19.6%), Grains (21.6%), Milk & Alternatives (20.6%), and Meat & Alternatives (20.2%) were promoted least in Fall (P < 0.001). A higher proportion of foods advertised on middle pages were not in-line (61.0%) compared with front (56.6%) and back (58.8%) pages (P < 0.001). Not in-line foods were more expensive ($3.49, IQR = $2.82) than in-line foods ($3.28, IQR = $2.81; P < 0.001).

Conclusions: While there was no difference in healthfulness of foods advertised in discount versus premium flyers, grocers advertised more foods not in-line with CFG. Government policies to improve the food environment should consider grocery flyers.
Follow-up Strategies in Focal Liver Lesions and Treatment Methods
Authors: Goral Vedat , Goral Kerem Mert , Ormeci Necati
Published: January 2022

Today, advances in cross-sectional imaging have led to the detection and early recognition of incidental/focal liver lesions (FCL). In approximately 17,000 cases of chest CT, incidental liver lesions were found in 6% [1]. In general, FCL consists of hepatocytes, biliary epithelium, mesenchymal tissue, connective tissue, or metastasized cells from distant sites. Most incidental lesions are benign, some may require careful management and treatment. In evaluating the lesion, the patient's clinical history, underlying disease and age factor should be considered. FCL can be detected at a rate of 10-30% in normal healthy and chronic liver disease patients, and even in oncology patients with malignancy, FCLs can be highly benign (50-80%)
KEEFEKTIFAN INTERACTIVE E-BOOK IPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA SMP PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Puspitasari Hana , Wilujeng Insih , Haristy Djuniar Rahmatunisa
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe interactive e-book effectiveness of improving students's scientific literacy skills during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research type is quantitative descriptive with one group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 23 students of class VIII SMP Piri 1 Yogyakarta. The results showed that after using IPA Interactive e-book, scientific literacy skills could increase significantly. The increase in students' scientific literacy skills in competency dimensions increased by 40% and it has increased by 30% in the knowledge dimension. It can be concluded that interactive science e-book is effective for improving students' scientific literacy skills. Keywords: interactive e-book, scientific literacy, covid-19
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI DI PROVINSI RIAU MELALUI PERBAIKAN SISTEM TANAM
Authors: Masganti Masganti
Published: January 2022

High population growth and low consumption of carbohydrate sources in Riau Province encourage rice production to be increased. One effort to increase rice production in Bumi Lancang Kuning is to increase productivity through improved planting systems. The research was conducted in the rainy season of 2016 on irrigated and tidal paddy field using Inpari 13 variety, aiming to determine the best planting system in increasing Riau Province rice productivity. Irrigated rice field is located in Dayang Suri Village, Bunga Raya Subdistrict, and tidal land is located in Selat Guntung Village, Sabak Auh Subdistrict, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The three planting systems tested were (1) tiles, (2) Jarwo 4: 1, and (3) Jarwo 2: 1 and two agroecosystems ie (a) tidal land and (b) irrigated land. The treatment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with five replications. Fertilization N, P2O5, and K2O for irrigated land (67.5-60-45) and tides (90-120-60). The parameters observed were plant height and number of tillers 30 and 60 days after planting (DAP), number of grain per panicle, weight of 1,000 grains, and rice productivity (t/ha). The results showed that plant height and number of tillers of 30 DAP were not affected by treatment, while the plant height, number of tillers at 60 DAP, the number of grains per panicle, and the weight of 1,000 grains were affected only by agro-ecosystem. Rice productivity is strongly influenced by agro-ecosystem and planting system. The productivity of rice in tidal land is lower than irrigated land. Compared with tile planting systems, the increased productivity of the Jarwo 2: 1 planting system is higher than the Jarwo 4: 1 planting system. Increased productivity due to improved planting systems in tidal areas is higher than irrigated land.
Dynamics of marine diesels when using motor oils with different structural characteristics
Authors: Сагин Сергей Викторович , Столярик Тимур Александрович
Published: January 2022

Annotation – The influence of the structural characteristics of engine lube oil on the dynamics of a marine diesel engine is considered. It is indicated that micron layers of marine engine lube oils separating the contact surfaces of marine diesel engines acquire the properties of liquid crystals and are characterized by an ordered molecular structure. The qualitative indicator of this structure is the degree of ordering of the molecules, and the quantitative indicator is the thickness of the ordered (boundary) lubricating layer. It is proposed to determine the structural characteristics of marine engine lube oils (the degree of ordering of the molecules of the boundary layer and its thickness) using the optical method of absorption dichroism. A diagram of an experimental setup is presented that allows such studies to be carried out. It has been experimentally established that for Shell Rimula X15 and Castrol TPL 123 engine lube oils (used in the oil system of the Caterpillar CatC18 marine diesel engine), the thickness of the ordered (boundary) lubricating layer is 14.3 ... 14.7 microns and 16.4 ... 16.6 microns, respectively. The degree of ordering of molecules in the boundary layer for Shell Rimula X15 engine lube oil is in the range of 0.56 ... 0.58, for Castrol TPL 123 engine lube oil – in the range of 0.63 ... 0.64. The results of studies of the dynamics of the CatC18 marine diesel engine by Caterpillar, carried out in the starting mode, as well as at various increases and decreases in load, are presented. As indicators, which were used to assess the dynamics of the diesel engine, the overshoot of the rotational speed and the time to reach a new steady state mode were taken. Experiments have confirmed that Castrol TPL 123 engine lube oil, which has a higher molecular structure in the boundary layer compared to Shell Rimula X15 lube oil, ensures the transient processes of the Caterpillar CatC18 marine diesel engine with less overspeed and less time to reach a new state work. The proposed technology for determining the structural characteristics of engine lube oils can be used for any type and grade of oil (mineral or synthetic, high and low viscosity, used both in circulating and cylinder lubrication systems). The proposed method for assessing the dynamic characteristics of marine diesel engines (by overshoot of the speed and the time to reach a steady state of operation in the event of a change in load) can be used for any types of internal combustion engines (low-, medium- and high-speed; as well as performing the functions of both main and auxiliary engines).
Determining the causes, prevention and elimination of unstable modes of gas turbochargers of marine diesels
Authors: Калугін Володимир Миколайович , Мунтян Олександр Міхайлович
Published: January 2022

Annotation – With commissioning of the “Socofl Star” ship’s series, negative occurrences relative to surging of the Main Engine (ME) «Hanshin Diesel» 6LF46 turbochargers (TC) VTR 401-2. To elimination of a surging, it was necessary reduce loading of ME to the safe level. This action caused the ship’s speed to fall from 11 – 10 to 4 knots which resulted in worsening of the ship’s maneuverability characteristics and lead to the failure to provide the ship’s service speed stipulated in the contractual arrangements. Existence of this problem instigated the shipowner to charge us as experts with the mission of carrying out appropriate investigations and working out recommendations as to how to prevent and eliminate surging of TC. This task was solved on the m/v “Socofl Star”. Based on results the ME shop test and trial test of the vessel and also the saved-up data of work of ME in various conditions of swimming, the analysis of the causes of a surge of the TC was made. It is established that small values of safety factor of stability of the compressor of TC on a surging – KCT which are not allowing to ensure effective functioning of TC on the main modes of loading of ME are its reason. For increase in area of steady work of TC it is necessary to reduce the hydraulic resistance of components of the Air-Gas Path (AGP) of the ME which can be realized by changes in a design of units of air supply and gas exchange or reduction of productivity and extent of increase in pressure of air in the compressor of TC. Under operating conditions vessels an optimal solution an objective is removal of a part of blowing-off air after compressor of the TC. The air can be discharged into the flue gas header after the waste heat recovery boiler or directly into the atmosphere. This allowed the shipowner not to make constructive changes to the components of the AGP of ME and TC. The description of the operated unloading device controlled remotely on removal of air which ensures effective functioning of TC and ME that is confirmed by results of natural tests and the subsequent operating experience of vessels of the “Socofl Star” series is provided.
Calculation of contact pressure and contact zone in slip pairs of marine diesels
Authors: Сагін С.В. , Кривий М.О.
Published: January 2022

Annotation – The durability of marine diesels significantly depends on the operation of friction pairs, such as: piston rings - cylinder liner; crankshaft - bearing shell, plunger - sleeve, and others. This is primarily due to the constant contact interaction of the elements of the friction pairs at different temperatures and load. Therefore, the research of normal pressure and the definition of contact areas in the friction pairs, the studying of the influence of the quality of lubricants on these characteristics are important tasks for predicting the longevity of marine diesels. The solution of these problems is based on the application of mathematical models of processes (numerical simulations) that occur in friction pairs. This considers two main processes that occur during the operation of the friction pairs: the research of contact and tangential stresses that occur in friction pairs in the framework of elastic or elastic-plastic contact models; study of hydrodynamic processes in a thin layer of oil between the elements of the friction pairs. The combination of these processes allows to sufficiently assess the influence of the elastic-mechanical properties of the sliding vapor elements and the viscosity and hydrodynamic characteristics of the oils on the durability of the marine diesel unit. The first process is researched in this work. In particular, for the analysis of contact stresses and contact zones in friction pairs, the method of numerical modeling is used, which is based on the differential equations of the theory of elasticity. With the help of fundamental solutions (influence functions), the problem is reduced to an integra-differential equation with the Gilbert’s kernel. The solution of which is constructed using the method of orthogonal polynomials as well as easy-to-use approximation formulas. Numerical simulations were performed, as a result, the maximum pressure and contact zone parameters for some combinations of friction pairs materials of marine diesel engines were determined. In particular, the influence of the radial gap on the pressure distribution and the size of the contact zone between the elements of the friction pairs of marine diesels is established.
Operation of marine diesel on biodiesel
Authors: Сагін Сергій Вікторович , Мадей Володимир Васильович , Сагін Арсеній Сергійович
Published: January 2022

Annotation – The influence of biodiesel fuel on the economic and ecological performance of the marine diesel engine is considered. The reasons limiting use of alternative fuels (including fuels based on biological origin) on vessels are indicated. The results are performed on a specialized vessel with a deadweight of 10,820 tons, which carried out short-term (within 4 ... 6 days) transitions between ports, were it was possible to replenish alternative fuel stocks. Studies performed on 5DC-17A Tier II Daihatsu Diesel marine diesels in the range of their operational loads 55 ... 85 %, from a fuel mixture consisting of 80 ... 95% of DMB diesel fuel and 5 ... 20% of B99.9 FAME biofuel, next conclusion have been done: in all range of loads and for all content of biofuels in the fuel mixture there is an increase in the specific efficient fuel consumption; on the operating modes in range 55 ... 65% of nominal loading and 5 ... 10 % of the maintenance of biofuel in mix this increase makes 1.92 ... 2.96 %, on the modes 75 ... 85 % of loading and at use mixtures with a content of 15 ... 20 % biofuels increase in fuel consumption reaches 4.04 ... 6.67 %; most of all, the efficiency of the diesel engine detected during its operation at loads of 55 ... 65 % and 15 ... 20 % of the biofuel content in the mixture, in this conditions, the increase in specific fuel efficiency reaches 7.39 ... 8.17 %; during the operation of the diesel engine in the load range of 55 ... 85 %, the emission of nitrogen oxides is observed, with best efficacies (up to 23.8 ... 24.3 %) corresponding to 10 ... 15 % of the biofuel content in mixtures; with an increase in the content of biofuels in the mixture up to 20 % reduction in emissions of nitrogen oxides is in the range of 10.1 ... 15.2 %; the use of biofuels helps to reduce the volume concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases; the greatest efficiency is corresponding at load 75 ... 85 % and use of the fuel mix containing 20 % of biofuel, under such conditions decrease in concentration of carbon monoxide reaches 25.4%; which further enhances the energy efficiency of ships. The optimal composition of the fuel mixture containing biofuel has been proposed, taking into account its environmental (before the emission of nitrogen oxides and the volume concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases), as well as economic performance of marine diesel.
Genetic Variant of Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene at rs41423247 and Its Association with Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Firouzabadi Negar , Nouraei Hasti , Mandegary Ali
Published: January 2022

Background: Extensive distribution of glucocorticoid receptors (GCRs) in different brain areas along with disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in major depressive disorder (MDD) and the cross talk between GCRs and HPA proposes genetic variants of GC receptor genes as potential contributors in MDD. Among the GCR polymorphisms, rs41423247, rs6195 and rs6189/rs6190 are suggested to be involved in MDD.Materials and Methods: We investigated the association between rs41423247, rs6195 and rs6189/rs6190 and MDD in a case-control study. One hundred MDD patients along with 100 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. genetic variants of rs41423247, rs6195 and rs6189/rs6190 were determined in extracted DNAs using PCR-RFLP.Result: The prevalence of heterozygote and mutant carriers of rs41423247 were significantly and by 1.9 fold greater in cases versus controls (P=0.033; OR; 95%CI=1.9; 1.1-3.3). Moreover, carriers of the mutant (G) allele were by 1.8 fold more prevalent in MDD group (P=0.013; OR;95%CI=1.8; 1.1-2.8).Conclusion: Specific carriers of rs41423247 might be more susceptible to developing MDD. This supports the hypothesis of the involvement of GCRs in pathophysiology of MDD. [GMJ.2018;7:e995]
Comparison of the Effects of Video Modeling and Clinician Modeling on Naming Deficiency in Aphasic Patients
Authors: Kaviani Shohre , Kasbi Fatemeh , Samaei Afshin , Shahverdi Ehsan
Published: January 2022

Background:  Aphasia is the most frequent disorder that could occur following a stroke. Aphasia has a negative impact on the patient's communication ability through language. One of the common consequences of aphasia is naming deficits that can lead to communication disorders. Therefore, the treatment of aphasia is necessary. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of video modeling and clinician modeling on naming skills of patients with chronic aphasia.Materials and Methods: The design of this prospective single subject study was A‑B‑A that performed on four patients with chronic aphasia. participated. This study was administered during three phases including the baseline (three sessions); the intervention (nine sessions); and a follow-up phase (three sessions). The outcome measure was taken in three phases including baseline, intervention, and follow-up. For each patient, the naming score for items modeled by the clinician, the naming score for items modeled video modeling by other, the naming score for self-video modeling, and the reaction time score were recorded.Result: A total of three patients complete the study and one of them refused to continue treatment. The naming score of all modeling types increased in all patients. In the other words, the intervention helped the patients be improved in naming. Also, the results of the reaction time indicated that the video modeling, as well as clinician modeling, could decrease the response time that means the intervention could increase the speed of retrieval processes. Conclusion:In our study, all three types of modeling could improve the naming scores in patients with chronic aphasia. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that the clinician and video modeling might increase mental processing for naming verbally. [GMJ. 2019;8:e1158]
Health Consequences of the Female Genital Mutilation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sarayloo Khadijeh , Latifnejad Roudsari Robab , Elhadi Amy
Published: January 2022

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a general health concern. The World Health Organization has recognized it as a condition that endangers women’s health. This review study aimed to identify the types of health outcomes of FGM. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to create a critical view of the current evidence on the effect of Female genital on girls and women’s health. In this study, we focused on the health risks of female Female genital. Academic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SID, IranMedex, Irandoc, and Magiran were searched with regard to the health consequences of FGM from January 1990 until 2018. Eleven review studies met the criteria and contained 288 relevant studies on the risks of FGM. It was suggested that FGM had various physical, obstetric, sexual, and psychological consequences. Women with FGM experienced mental disturbances (e.g., psychiatric diagnoses, anxiety, somatization, phobia, and low self-esteem) than other women. Our study can provide evidence on improving, changing behaviors, and making decisions on the quality of services offered to women suffering from FGM.[GMJ.2019;8:e1336]
A Population-Based Study on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adult Population of Shiraz, Southern Iran
Authors: Bakhshayeshkaram Marzieh , Roozbeh Jamshid , Heydari Sayed Taghi , Honarvar Behnam , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Hossein , Ghoreyshi Maryam , Bagheri Lankarani Kamran
Published: January 2022

Background: Currently we face a significant increase in the new cases of end-stage renal disease in developing countries. Hence it seems vital to work on strategies and reduce its development and progression. Determining the related risk factors can provide insight into achieving these policy-making goals. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to identify risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Iranian adult population. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Shiraz, through a random cluster sampling in 819 including 340 male and 479 female adult participants. Body mass indexes, waist circumference, blood pressure and biochemical profile were assessed. We evaluated the prevalence of CKD according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as well as possible risk factors. GFR was calculated based on “Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration” creatinine equation. Result:  Mean age of our participants were 43.0± 14.0 years, and 58.5% were female. Our results showed 16.6% of patients with GFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73. The proportion of participants having hypertension, obesity, high waist circumference, diabetes mellitus and history of cardiovascular disease were 17.3%,19.3%, 35%,9.4% and 5.3 %, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated an independent correlation between age, sex, dyslipidemia, and hypertension with CKD. Conclusion: This study indicates that CKD is a substantial health burden in Iranian adult population. Additionally, the results of this study addressed the importance of integrated strategies that aimed to identify, prevent, and treat non-communicable diseases fueling the development of CKD. [GMJ. 2019;8:e935]
ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК МУЗИЧНОГО ТА ВЕРБАЛЬНОГО РІВНІВ У КАМЕРНО-ВОКАЛЬНІЙ МУЗИЦІ ЯК ФАКТОР ХУДОЖНЬОЇ ЦІЛІСНОСТІ
Authors: Zhao Ziyuan , Do Xiaoshuang
Published: January 2022

Мета роботи – простежити взаємодію та взаємозумовленість музичного та вербального рівнів у камерно-вокальній музиці як фактор художньої цілісності. Такий ракурс розгляду проблеми дозволяє виявити передумови та шляхи вивчення явища художнього образу у музичному мистецтві. Методологія дослідження базується на поєднанні жанрово-стильового, текстологічного, семантичного та музикознавчого аналітичного підходів, які утворюють єдину методологічну основу дослідження відповідно до головної мети цієї роботи. Наукова новизна статті полягає у виявленні та суттєвому оновленні підходів до вивчення взаємозв’язків музичного та вербального рівнів у камерно-вокальній музиці у їхній взаємозумовленості з проблемами художньої та музичної творчості. Висновки. Порівнюючи характеристики вербального й музичного рівнів у камерно-вокальній музиці, треба відзначити, що загальний генезис музичної культури пов’язаний міцними стосунками з явищем мовної інтонації. На думку численних дослідників, саме з мовної інтонації починається більшість семантичних можливостей музики, що й пояснює близькість музики та мови в їхньому зовнішньому втіленні та на рівні принципів організації інтонаційного процесу. Проте, незважаючи на названі спільні риси, обидві системи, як засоби комунікації, отримали надалі автономні напрями розвитку. Якщо вербальна семантика рухалася шляхом фіксації результатів пізнання, то музика формує власні форми вираження пізнавальних процесів, які багато у чому пов’язані з психоемоційними оцінками та художніми параметрами. Розглядаючи специфіку співіснування вербального та музичного рівнів у камерно-вокальній музиці, треба визначити принципи існування кожного з них. Характеризуючи музичний рівень, треба виділити декілька важливих його параметрів, серед яких – здатність музичної інтонації через граничну її узагальненість та варіативне смислове значення викликати психоемоційні реакції.
ВИКОНАВСЬКІ АСПЕКТИ ХОРОВОЇ МУЗИКИ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ НА ПРИКЛАДІ «КЕЛЬТСЬКОГО РЕКВІЄМУ» ДЖ. ТАВЕНЕРА
Authors: Kuchurivsky Yurii Stepanovych
Published: January 2022

Мета роботи полягає у визначенні основних проблемних напрямів виконавського освоєння «Кельтського реквієму» Дж. Тавенера як показового прикладу хорової музики ХХ сторіччя. Методологія дослідження спирається на комплексне використання системного методу (для визначення окремих елементів музичної мови і прийомів музичної виразності як компонентів художньої цілісності музичного твору); методу музикознавчого стильового аналізу (під час розгляду стильової специфіки твору Дж. Тавенера); хорознавчого методу (що задіяний для визначення основних методичних прийомів і принципів роботи хорового колективу і хормейстера над виконавськими труднощами сучасної хорової музики). Наукова новизна дослідження зумовлена спеціальною хорознавчою спрямованістю вивчення «Кельтського реквієму» Дж. Тавенера як видатного зразка хорової музики ХХ століття. Результати дослідження поглиблюють уявлення про методичні аспекти хорового стилю композиторів – репрезентантів музичного мистецтва ХХ століття, що становить актуальний напрям сучасної виконавської практики. Висновки. У контексті загальних стильових засад хорового стилю «Кельтського реквієму» Дж. Тавенера розглянуто специфіку виконавської техніки, що пов’язана з особливостями сучасного хорового стилю. Виокремлено низку спеціальних виконавських прийомів, що є характерними для хорової сонористики: мовне інтонування, глісандо, кластер. Визначено основні завдання та труднощі технічного характеру, що виникають у процесі практичного освоєння хормейстером і співаками хорової партитури «Кельтського реквієму». Особливу увагу приділено проблемі хорового інтонування як того чинника, що забезпечує повноцінне художнє втілення композиторського задуму. Запропоновано низку методів, спрямованих на подолання цих труднощів (аналіз мобільних і варіативних компонентів хорової партитури з метою визначення їхніх драматургічних функцій, робота над імпровізаційними структурами музичного тексту і «мотивною інтонацією»). Акцентується увага на необхідності спеціального теоретичного аналізу хорової партитури з метою виявлення тих параметрів, що дозволяють адекватно оцінити логіку формування виконавської інтерпретації та принцип відбору прийомів хорової техніки, необхідних для втілення художньої концепції твору.
МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ПІАНІСТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВИКОНАВЦІВ ЯК ПРОВІДНИЙ ЧИННИК МУЗИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ У ЗАХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОМУ РЕГІОНІ
Authors: Fedchun Tatiana Alexandrovna
Published: January 2022

Метою статті є вивчення провідних методичних засад та педагогічних настанов європейської піаністичної підготовки виконавців як провідного чинника музичної освіти у західноукраїнському регіоні. Методологія базується на інтердисциплінарному підході, що дає можливість вивчати предмет дослідження в культурно-історичному, музикознавчому, виконавському та методичному аспектах. У роботі застосовано низку методів, серед яких провідними є: теоретичний, історичний, аналітичний, ретроспективний, структурно-системний та компаративний. Наукову новизну роботи визначають пріоритети аналізу впливу індивідуальних здобутків видатних представників європейського мистецтва на формування національної традиції у галузі фортепіанного виконавства й педагогіки та оцінки внеску західноукраїнських піаністів у мистецьке життя та фортепіанну педагогіку музичної освіти у Західноукраїнському регіоні. Висновки. Становлення фортепіанної педагогіки на західноукраїнських землях пов’язане насамперед з австрійськими музикантами та представниками польської фортепіанної традиції. Починаючись із форм викладання в аристократичному середовищі освічених аматорів, фортепіанна педагогіка краю набуває організованих професійних форм у другій половині ХІХ ст. у вигляді шкіл при товариствах, консерваторії та низки приватних та концесіонованих музичних шкіл різного рівня, в яких переважають представники польської школи (Ф. Шопена – К. Мікулі) та угорської (Ф. Ліст – Л. Марек). Проведене дослідження свідчить про значимість здобутків, напрацювань розвитку та плідного засвоєння провідних напрямів європейського піанізму у формуванні піаніста – виконавця та педагога, що знаходить своє переконливе втілення у численних прикладах організаційної та педагогічної діяльності вихідців регіону в найрізноманітніших осередках музичного професіоналізму у світі.
ПОРIВНЯЛЬНО-ЛIНГВIСТИЧНИЙ ПIДХIД ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЇ ОБРАЗУ ЕВРІДІКИ З ОПЕРИ «ОРФЕЙ ТА ЕВРІДІКА» K. B. ГЛЮКА У ФРАНКО ТА ІТАЛОМОВНИХ РЕДАКЦІЯХ ЛІБРЕТО
Authors: Ochanina Anastasia
Published: January 2022

Мета роботи полягає у визначенні важливості лінгвістичного аспекту в передачі оперного образу і відмінностей, що спостерігаються при зміні мови лібрето, зокрема при порівнянні лібрето, написаних на двох романських мовах, французькою та італійською, на прикладі одного образу, але в двох редакціях лібрето: Образу Еврідіки з опери К.В. Глюка «Орфей та Еврідіка» у Віденській редакції (італійською мовою) і Паризькій редакції (французькою мовою). Методологія статті зумовлена з’єднанням музично-текстологічного та компаративного лінгвістичного підходів, завданнями семантичного интерпретативного аналізу, передбачає розвиток інтердисциплінарного напрямку музикознавства. Образ Еврідіки у двох редакціях буде порівнюватися за допомогою аналізу лібрето, постановок, а також за допомогою статистичного аналізу методом Max Reinert за кількістю оккуренцій, тобто повторів одного слова, синоніма або виразу, їх валентності і відсотка HAPAX- тобто тих слів, які одного разу зустрічаються в тексті і дають інформацію про граматичні функції, вказують на багатство мови. Наукова новизна даного дослідження полягає в новому підході до аналізу оперного образу, заснованому на компаративно-лінгвістичному аналізі тексту оперного твору. У даній роботі використовується принципово новий статистичний метод аналізу даних за допомогою системи Max Reinert в програмі IRaMuTeQ. Висновки. Вивчення лібрето опери «Орфей та Еврідіка» К. В Глюка з контрольованими параметрами епохи, стилю, композитора і музичного матеріалу, підкріплене статистичним аналізом, дозволяє стверджувати, що словесна мова впливає на передачу оперного образу навіть у разі використання двох мов романської групи (французької та італійської), що відкриває нові перспективи у вивченні оперних лібрето за допомогою статистики та акцентує увагу на важливості слова як маркера національних рис у побудові оперного образу.
IDENTIFIKASI KELAYAKAN CHAINSAW PADA KEGIATAN PENEBANGAN UNTUK KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN PEKERJA DI PT. PERAWANG SUKSES PERKASA INDUSTRI (PSPI)
Authors: Hutasuhut Ika Lestari , Sadjati Emy , Tri Ratnaningsih Ambar
Published: January 2022

Using chainsaws in logging activities, operators need to ensure that the chainsaws used are fit for use and comply with predetermined standards, particularly in accordance with operational standards that ensure safety and health while working. Modifying the chainsaw is not justified, because it will make the operator unsafe situation. PT. PSPI is one of industrial plantation forest companies in Riau Province which currently produces timber forest products for pulp and paper raw materials. Logging activies in PT. PSPI is still using chainsaw for cutting tree. In logging activities using chainsaws, companies and operators need to ensure that the chainsaws to be used are in proper condition in accordance with predetermined operational standards, the aim to ensure operator stay safety and health while working. The result of this research in identifying chainsaw machines in logging activities carried out at PT. PSPI used 4 indicators, specification of machine chainsaw, the condition of chainsaw, the modification and the age of the chainsaw. Chainsaw is using  operators at PT. PSPI is categorized as feasibility enough for use in logging activities with a score of 70.
Geopolitical Positioning of Azerbaijan as a Factor in Modelling the Political participation of the country’s citizens
Authors: Karpo Kateryna
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the features of Azerbaijan's geopolitical positioning as a factor in modeling the political participation of citizens of this country. The study of this problem was carried out using the methodological principles of constructivism and theories of political participation. It has been proved that the peculiarities of Azerbaijan's geopolitical positioning are caused by its multi-level nature, reflected in the format of Azerbaijanism as a model of geopolitical identity and the corresponding officially enshrined policy. The idea of Azerbaijan as a system of views that reflects the geopolitical identity of the Azerbaijani people is a convergence of its traditions, national and moral values and is aimed at protecting the independence and democratic development of Azerbaijan. The official declaration of Azerbaijan's belonging to various civilization systems made it possible to form a space of trust and dialogue both at the level of bilateral relations and at the level of regional cooperation. The main tool for modeling the political participation of Azerbaijani citizens and their foreign policy orientations is the official statements of President I. Aliyev, which focus on partnerships with Turkey, the actualization of Russia, Georgia and Iran as partners in regional cooperation and Armenia (after the resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict) as a potential partner.
Romania’s Anti-Corruption Policy: Results, Prospects and Experience for Ukraine
Authors: Myndresku Iuliia
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the results and prospects of anti-corruption policy in Romania. Using the method of a logical chain model for evaluating government programs and projects made it possible to prove that two competing approaches have emerged in Romania regarding the appropriateness of the forms and methods of this process: the first of them is focused on the quantitative result of anti-corruption policy, which is achieved despite numerous procedural violations of the legal procedure; the second emphasizes the need and importance of ensuring and strict observance of procedural guarantees and legal decisions focused on the quality of the results of anti-corruption activities of special anti-corruption structures. It was found that the growth of the institutional and organizational potential of anti-corruption structures in Romania led to a quantitative increase in the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy, while reducing its qualitative indicators, reflected in the procedural characteristics of the implementation of anti-corruption policy. Such a ratio of quantitative and qualitative results of anti-corruption policy indicates a certain imbalance in the activities of the structures of the anti-corruption activity system and requires a political adjustment of anti-corruption policy. It has been substantiated that the most important aspect of anti-corruption practices that can be used in Ukraine is the public consensus on the ratio of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of anti-corruption policy. It is noted that the pursuit of quantitative indicators, however, as well as neglect of them, will inevitably form a public discourse about the organizational necessity / importance of the national system of anti-corruption institutions and the principles of anti-corruption policy.