bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Value of Human Life: Volatility of Concepts
Authors: Hrydkovets L. , Pohorilenko A.
Published: June 2020

The right to life is a fundamental right, the legal basis for all other human rights. Recognition and proper protection at the state level of this most important right is a prerequisite for the enjoyment of other rights. However, do we respect each life, regardless of any personal characteristics? The history of humanity shows that the caste/class approach to the formation of society is one of humanity's most brutal inventions. The categorization of people into more critical and less critical in many cases led to antihuman practices, such as slavery or serfdom, and atrocious crimes ranging from rape to murder. Scientific and social progress must have pushed aside such medieval approaches, but the results of this study indicate that social neglection just shifted from those who have stood for their rights for hundreds of years to those who cannot - to the unborn. In this study, we demonstrate the historical development of embryology, medicine, biology, psychology, and other sciences in order to understand the exact point of the beginning of human life. Scientists in the United States of the mid-19th century were found to be the leading opponents of artificial termination of pregnancy and believed that most abortionists carry vestiges of outdated dogmatic views on the nature of human life, including its beginning and prenatal development. We present that, despite the achievements of science, the society press the legalization of the murder of the unborn, the primary reason for which is the irresponsible attitude to sexual life. This study presents the positions of modern scientists on the prenatal development of the child; data on the old and the new paradigms in embryology in the context of the relationships between mother and child; the results of the psychological research on the impact of abortion scenario in the family system on the health of offspring; and other data indicating that a child before birth is not just a material clot of cells, but a full-fledged subject, person and participant of social life.
Exacerbation of Psychosomatic Disorders in Teenagehood
Authors: Kuznetsova O. , Lanovenko Yu.
Published: June 2020

The article raises questions about the protective mechanisms in adolescents which shows themselves as psychosomatic diseases. The profound changes in modern society, which require a person of constant adaptation in all spheres of life: live communication is replaced by electronic, robotization of work processes, uncontrolled flow of information, change of concepts, the destruction of traditions, leading to chronic stress, exhaustion and health problems. In particular, as a result of lack of attention and lively communication, excessive demands, replacement of emotional manifestation of love with material goods in the most vulnerable part of the population - adolescents there is a feeling of needlessness, which often leads to depressive states and emotional breakdowns which cause psychological disorders. The article deals with several types of manifestations of psychosomatic diseases, such as allergies, bronchial asthma, heart diseases, diseases of the digestive system and skin, and factors that cause their appearance. The causes of psychosomatic illness are still a controversial issue due to its versatility and ambiguity. The manifestation of the disease can be affected by a variety of factors that may not cause the disease if at least one of them to be removed. Because of this ambiguity, psychosomatics are beginning to be perceived as a mystified pseudoscience. Such an attitude causes distrust to the psychologists of specialists and adherents of this teaching. Study of diseases occurs exclusively in the medical sense. What is the source of treatment in hospitals, where medication slows down the development of complications of such chronic diseases as allergies, bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis - without treating them thoroughly since these diseases are also psychological.
Comparison of Value Orientations in Youthhood And Adulthood
Authors: Kacharova V. , Koval O. , Nesterenko I.
Published: June 2020

Personality values serve the function of regulating behaviour and defining its purpose, linking it into a single whole personality and social environment. At each stage of personality development, the choice of the dominant mechanism of value system formation is determined by a complex set of internal and external factors. The importance of the study is the need to follow the process of worldview changes that occur in the period from youth to adulthood. An essential stage in youth is to adequately overcome the crisis of identity, which opens a positive direction in the development and transition to another crisis - the crisis of adulthood. In adulthood, a person is more active in his life, fully reveals his full potential; this leads to the creation of material and spiritual values of society. The main thing during this period of life is a professional activity and family relations. If at a young age there was a mastery of the profession and the choice of a companion, then in adulthood, it is the realization of their capabilities, skill in the chosen activity and family relations. The crisis of youth age is a loss of one's integrity as an individual and a lack of social definition. Because of this, there are "doubts" about my self, my actions, my place in the group, my future. There are possible consequences of frustration with the goals and social tasks of the individual, which can lead to the following options of subjective response: avoidance, passivity or aggressive confrontation. The crisis of adulthood is a reassessment of values, testing them for "effectiveness". The vast majority of mature people raise their offspring and, depending on their skill in coping with crises, this will affect the next generation, their psychological characteristics and their professional activities. The crisis of identity is the loss of self-worth, the blocking of inner identity and the lack of social acceptance. This crisis is both an age and a life crisis of man. It is the most difficult during the self-determination of personality.
The Individual Psychological Dimension of an Entrepreneurial Personality
Authors: Dubravska N.
Published: June 2020

The article presents an analysis of the study, which highlights the specifics of the individual-psychological characteristics of business entities in comparison with a professional group of managers and students. The range of sensitive indicators that ensure the success of each group's activities is determined. In the research, it is proved that managers have significantly higher parameters in terms of "ergic intellectual", "plasticity intellectual", "plasticity communicative", "speed intellectual", "speed communicative", "emotional communicative". However, at the same time, entrepreneurs have significantly lower scores on the scale "ergonomics of motor", "ergonomics communicative", "plasticity of motor". It has been found that entrepreneurs, less than managers, aspire to leadership and physical labour, but are more prone to personal self-development and intellectual perfection. Entrepreneurs are flexible in their decision making and communication with people. These individual and psychological characteristics, in our opinion, ensure the success and stability of functioning in business. Also, entrepreneurs are much easier to engage in social contacts, more impulsive and better verbalize their thoughts than managers. At the same time, they are more dissatisfied with the level of their intellectual development, which drives them to study and self-development. Managers have a high need for communication with people, a desire for leadership. At the same time, they quickly switch from one form of motor activity to another, seek different forms of physical labour and have a high speed of motor activity and mental processes in the exercise of intellectual activity. This is combined with low sensitivity to communication failures, a sense of self-confidence in the process of interacting with others, lack of excitement in case of failure or poor performance of physical work.
PECULIARITIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS FOR MARITAL RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Denysenko A.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of peculiarities of manifestation of adolescent girls’ psychological readiness for marital relationships. The problem of psychological readiness for marital relations continues to be quite acute nowadays. As current experience confirms, the institution of the family has lost its importance, in particular, family and cultural values have been depreciated, family functions and role behaviour of spouses have been changed, which negatively affects the life of the family. The alternative forms of marriage have emerged, which cannot be a solid support for a strong and happy family. With due regard for the urgency of the problem, we set ourselves the goal of studying the level of psychological readiness of adolescent girls for marital relationships. The purpose of the study is to analyze the essence of psychological readiness for marital relations, to systemize its main types and factors, as well as to investigate the features of its manifestation among adolescent girls. According to scientific literature, the study of psychological readiness for marital relations is carried out mainly fragmentarily. Under this concept, we mean a relatively steady state of personality, which characterizes a certain system of social attitudes, family values, oriented towards a positive interaction between spouses. Its leading types include communicative, emotional-intimate, moral-ethical and other types of readiness. The basic factors that determine the psychological readiness for marital relationships are being described: motives for marriage, love, family values, interaction, adaptive capability, emotional maturity, psychological compatibility, age of marriage, etc. The study found that most girls had a low level of psychological readiness for marital relationships, especially at the age of 20. Indicators that affect its non-formation are revealed, specifically, negative attitudes to marriage, family stereotypes, authoritarianism, sexual love, lack of mutual understanding and trust. The performed research allowed us to present urgent questions for further study of the problem, for example, to study the significant influence of ethnic traditions on psychological readiness for marital relationships; to develop a comprehensive social-psychological program focused on the systematic formation of psychological readiness for marital relationships at all ages.
El pensamiento medioambiental en la infancia y su relación con el concepto de ser vivo
Authors: Villanueva Xabier
Published: June 2020

En recientes investigaciones donde se ha examinado la evolución del pensamiento medioambiental en etapas tempranas existe debate a la hora de establecer si esta moralidad está relacionada o no con el razonamiento biocéntrico. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar esta relación entre el desarrollo del pensamiento medioambiental y la comprensión de la noción de ser vivo en la edad infantil (4-8 años) en una muestra de 197 niños y niñas. Para ello, se realizan tareas individuales de categorización de imágenes de seres vivos e inertes y comparación de imágenes de dilemas de transgresiones morales, sociales y medioambientales. Los resultados de las tareas realizadas apuntan la consideración de que el pensamiento medioambiental puede desarrollarse mucho antes que la adquisición del concepto biológico de ser vivo y va en aumento con la edad.
Unipolar Reasoning in Electricity: Developing a Digital Two-Tier Diagnostic Test
Authors: Métioui Abdeljalil , Trudel Louis
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop a two-tier test to diagnose unipolar reasoning in electricity. Thus, at first, we built a questionnaire composed of four questions with two choices (True / False) with justification. The justification step is methodologically essential; it has allowed us to identify different categories of conceptual representations. Then we administered it to students (N = 100) in the Science education training program. The students’ answers were analyzed and used to create the choices for the two-tier questions. The two-tier questions allow the student to give his explanation if the choices presented do not conform to his representation. Finally, high school students (N = 25) completed an electronic version of the two-tier test to solicit their commentary. The majority was enthusiastic about their participation, despite the conceptual destabilization generated by completing this test.
OPTIMIZATION OF INVENTORY LEVELS USING "TREND ANALYSIS" BASED ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVES WHEN MAKING MANAGEMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Левченков Александр Николаевич , Проскорякова Наталья Сергеевна , Христич Ольга Сергеевна
Published: June 2020

В данной статье рассматривается вопрос применения метода трендового анализа в качестве алгоритма интеллектуального анализа данных на примере принятия решений в области управления предприятием автосервисом.

This article discusses the use of trend analysis as an algorithm for data mining, using the example of decisions in the field of enterprise management by car service.
NATURE AND WEATHER IN THE POEM OF A. PUSHKIN «WINTER EVENING». THE DIFFICULTIES OF TRANSLATION INTO FRENCH
Authors: Артемьева Ирина Николаевна , Коротаева Дарья Валерьевна
Published: June 2020

Статья посвящена трудностям перевода на французский язык пейзажной лирики А. С. Пушкина на примере стихотворения "Зимний вечер".

The article deals with translation difficulties of landscape poetry of A. S. Pushkin into French using the example of the poem "Winter Evening".
JUSTIFICATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF BREEDING MARALS IN THE KOSTROMA REGION
Authors: Василькова Татьяна Максимовна , Смирнова Арина Александровна , Попов Дмитрий Сергеевич , Джунушалиева Акмарал Эмильбековна
Published: June 2020

В статье рассмотрен проект по разведению маралов в Костромской области с целью получения продукции (мяса, пантов, шкур) с последующей переработкой и реализацией. Были разработаны производственный, организационный, финансовый, маркетинговый планы. Также проанализирована экономическая эффективность проекта и связанные с деятельностью риски.

The article considers a project for breeding marals in the Kostroma region that specializes in breeding marals in order to obtain products (meat, antlers) with subsequent processing and sale. Production, organizational, financial, and marketing plans were developed. The economic efficiency of the project and the risks associated with the activity are also analyzed.
Analisis Pengendalian Intern Atas Sistem Informasi Penjualan Terhadap Efektivitas Dan Efisiensi Penjualan PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading Tbk.
Authors: Firmansyah Ilham , Pramiudi Udi
Published: June 2020

As one form of organization, the company must have goals and objectives to be achieved. Sales accounting information system is one of the accounting information sub systems that explains how the procedures in carrying out sales activities. To realize the management of company activities effectively, efficiently, and internal controls are needed that can provide accurate and trustworthy information. To fulfill this, there are several elements which are the main characteristics of an internal control system, including; organizational structure that separates functional responsibilities appropriately, the existence of a system of authority and good bookkeeping procedures, sound practices must be carried out in carrying out the duties and functions of each section in the organization as well as the existence of an employee skill level in accordance with their responsibilities.

The results of internal control research on the sales system owned by PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading Tbk. it is quite good and adequate, which includes elements of: control environment, risk assessment, healthy practices, employees whose quality is in accordance with their responsibilities, information and communication, and monitoring.  The Role of Internal Control of the sales information system in increasing sales effectiveness and efficiency is very important. The internal sales control system implemented is effective, because it reached the 2018 sales target of Rp. 21.7 trillion, and the realization of the 2018 budget of Rp. 20.6 trillion (± 94.93%) and sales volume increased. Can be seen from the increase in sales volume in 2017 amounting to Rp. 19,669,096,571,146 while in 2018 the amount of Rp. 20,604,487,293,751.

Keywords: Internal Control, Sales Information System, Sales Effectiveness and Efficiency
Penentuan Harga Pokok Produksi Dengan Metode Full Costing Sebagai Dasar Penetapan Harga Jual Pada UKM Tahu AN Anugrah
Authors: Anggreani Sintia , Adnyana I Gde Sudi
Published: June 2020

Cost of Goods Manufacture is an important component that must be calculated by the company in order to determine the selling price of the product. SMEs are often wrong in calculating the Cost of Goods Manufacture they do. One of the mistakes made by SMEs in calculating the Cost of Goods Manufacture is that the calculations carried out are very simple and do not specify all costs used in the production process to produce a product. This study aims to analyze (1) the calculation of the Cost of Goods Manufacture in SMEs Tahu AN Anugrah , (2) the determination of Cost of Goods Manufacture with the full costing method in SMEs Tahu AN Anugrah, and (3) the difference in calculation of Cost of Goods Manufacture according to SMEs AN Anugrah and according full costing method and its effect on selling prices.                The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The primary data used is obtained from the results of interviews and recording of information needed directly in SMEs Tahu AN Anugrah. While the secondary data are is obtained from literature studies such as previous journals, related books, documentation and reading in accordance with the research title.  The Research results show, there are differences in the calculation results of the Cost of Goods Manufacture carried out by the SMEs and by the full costing method. The calculation of Cost of Goods Manufacture by SMEs Tahu AN Anugrah for White Tofu products is Rp 200 and Yellow Tofu Rp 201.12 while by the full costing method for White Tofu products is Rp 218.41 and Yellow Tofu Rp 228.44. So that, there are differences in the calculation results, namely for White Tofu Rp 18.41 and Yellow Tofu Rp 27.32. Differences in calculation are due to the full costing method is more detailed by including all elements of production costs. This shows that the method provides a more accurate calculation to be able to set a better selling price.  Keywords: Cost of Goods Manufacture, Full Costing, Selling Prices, SMEs
Visual Attention to Tobacco-Related Stimuli in a 3D Virtual Store
Authors: Dutra Lauren M. , Nonnemaker James , Taylor Nathaniel , Feld Ashley , Bradfield Brian , Holloway John , Hill Edward (Chip) , Kim Annice
Published: June 2020

We used eye tracking to measure visual attention to tobacco products and pro- and anti-tobacco advertisements (pro-ads and anti-ads) during a shopping task in a three-dimensional virtual convenience store. We used eye-tracking hardware to track the percentage of fixations (number of times the eye was essentially stationary; F) and dwell time (time spent looking at an object; DT) for several categories of objects and ads for 30 adult current cigarette smokers. We used Wald F-tests to compare fixations and dwell time across categories, adjusting comparisons of ads by the number of each type of ad. Overall, unadjusted for the number of each object, participants focused significantly greater attention on snacks and drinks and tobacco products than ads (all P<0.005). Adjusting for the number of each type of ad viewed, participants devoted significantly greater visual attention to pro-ads than anti-ads or ads unrelated to tobacco (P<0.001). Visual attention for anti-ads was significantly greater when the ads were placed on the store’s external walls or hung from the ceiling than when placed on the gas pump or floor (P<0.005). In a cluttered convenience store environment, anti-ads at the point of sale have to compete with many other stimuli. Restrictions on tobacco product displays and advertisements at the point of sale could reduce the stimuli that attract smokers’ attention away from anti-ads.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ФОРМУВАННІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Сиротенко Л. А.
Published: June 2020

У статті висвітлено результати дослідження стосовно використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у вищій освіті. Представлено зміст інформаційного середовища в контексті його використання при формуванні економічної компетентності з використанням засобів інформаційних систем. Подано опис інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій, які доцільно використовувати для формування економічної компетентності в педагогів професійного навчання, а саме: інформаційні системи, телекомунікаційні   мережі, мультимедіа, гіпермедіа, хмарні технології, електронні освітні ресурси, дистанційне навчання. Звернено увагу на значимість поняття «інформаційної підтримки» для організації освітнього процесу в закладах вищої освіти. 

На прикладі підготовки майбутніх педагогів до професійної діяльності показано необхідність систематизації та обґрунтування професійних компетентностей з використання інформаційно-комунікаційні технології під час навчання та в щоденній практиці. Коротко окреслено цілі (набуття комп’ютерної грамотності, розвиток інформаційної культури, опанування основ професійної діяльності, дослідна  робота, імітація професійної діяльності, виконання окремих навчальних завдань), функції (джерело інформації, технічна функція, операційна функція, діагностична функція, контрольна функція, проєктувальна функція, імітаційна функція, об’єкт навчання, ігрова функція), методичне спрямування застосування інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій («монотехнологія», «основна технологія», «технологія проникнення»). Також пояснено, що для організації навчального процесу в закладі вищої освіти із використанням інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій мають значення й особова-безособова ознака (особиста присутність чи опосередкована участь студента), основні характеристики інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій (керованість, гнучкість, інтерактивність, автоматизація процесів, поєднання з іншими ресурсами, можливість корекції завдань у динаміці навчання).
Namādhiju Ta’līmi al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyah ‘alā Ḍaw’i al-Dhakā’āt al-Muta’addidah Lada al-Ṯalabah al-Mawhūbīn fī Madrasah Malik Ibrāhīm al-Mutawassiṯah Bikirsīk
Authors: Anah Saiul , Arisandi Yusuf
Published: June 2020

There are three objectives of this research: 1) to identify the the multiple intelligences learning models of Arabic learning for Smart and Gifted students at Malik Ibrahim Junior High School of Gresik and Amanatul Ummah Junior High School of Mojokerto, 2) to analyze the techniques of multiple intelligences learning models of Arabic learning for Smart and Gifted students at Malik Ibrahim Junior High School of Gresik and Amanatul Ummah Junior High School of Mojokerto, and 3) to describe the benefits of Multiple Intelligences in learning Arabic for Smart and Gifted students at Malik Ibrahim Junior High School of Gresik and Amanatul Ummah Junior High School of Mojokerto.

The researcher applied a qualitative approach namely case study method. The data was taken from recording observation and interview and was analyzed by using interactive model analysis.

The substantive findings from this study were: (a) the multiple intelligences learning models of arabic learning for smart and gifted student at Malik Ibrahim Junior High School of Gresik and Amanatul Ummah Junior High School of Mojokerto were multiple model and interdisiplinary towards the development of learning activities. 2) The techniques of Multiple Intelligences in learning Arabic were: a) Question and Answer technique. There were two varieties of discussion: closing question (a-one-possible-answer question) and opening question(a-many-possible-answer question). b). Speech Tehnique. Speech tehnique is weekly interdisiplinary learning activity which requires the student to deliver a speech with a theme based on their arabic book. c). Discussion Tehnique 3) Multiple Intelligences had some benefits for every learning model; there were motivation, customisation learning and easy for learning activity.

The formal research findings showed that multiple-intelligence learning model brings impacts on the students’ motivation dan characters based on their intelligence.

 

Keywords: learning models, multiple intelligences, gifted students
A Survey for New Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Ophiuchus Star-forming Complex
Authors: Esplin T. L. , Luhman K. L.
Published: June 2020

We have performed a survey for new members of the Ophiuchus cloud complex using high-precision astrometry from the second data release of Gaia, proper motions measured with multi-epoch images from the Spitzer Space Telescope, and color–magnitude diagrams constructed with photometry from various sources. Through spectroscopy of candidates selected with those data, we have identified 155 new young stars. Based on available measurements of kinematics, we classify 102, 47, and 6 of those stars as members of Ophiuchus, Upper Sco, and other populations in Sco–Cen, respectively. We have also assessed the membership of all other stars in the vicinity of Ophiuchus that have spectroscopic evidence of youth from previous studies, arriving at a catalog of 373 adopted members of the cloud complex. For those adopted members, we have compiled mid-infrared photometry from Spitzer and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and have used mid-infrared colors to identify and classify circumstellar disks. We find that 210 of the members show evidence of disks, including 48 disks that are in advanced stages of evolution. Finally, we have estimated the relative median ages of the populations near the Ophiuchus clouds and the surrounding Upper Sco association using absolute K-band magnitudes (M

K
) based on Gaia parallaxes. If we adopt an age 10 Myr for Upper Sco, then the relative values of M

K
imply median ages of ∼2 Myr for L1689 and embedded stars in L1688, 3–4 Myr for low-extinction stars near L1688, and ∼6 Myr for the group containing ρ Oph.
Bayesian Methods for Joint Exoplanet Transit Detection and Systematic Noise Characterization
Authors: Taaki Jamila S. , Kamalabadi Farzad , Kemball Athol J.
Published: June 2020

The treatment of systematic noise is a significant aspect of transit exoplanet data processing due to the signal strength of systematic noise relative to a transit signal. Typically, the standard approach to transit detection is to estimate and remove systematic noise independently of and prior to a transit detection test. If a transit signal is present in a light curve, the process of systematic noise removal may distort the transit signal by overfitting and thereby reduce detection efficiency. We present a Bayesian framework for joint detection of transit signals and systematic noise characterization and describe the implementation of these detectors as optimal Neyman–Pearson likelihood ratio tests. The joint detectors reduce to closed form as matched filters under the assumption of a Gaussian Bayesian prior for the systematic noise. The performance of the exploratory detectors was evaluated in injection tests and show ∼2% improvement in overall detection efficiency relative to the standard approach. We find that joint detection efficiency is specifically improved for short-period, low transit-depth exoplanet transits, providing evidence in support of the hypothesis that joint detection may indeed help to mitigate overfitting. In addition, an initial feasibility test to detect known exoplanets in Kepler data using the joint detectors produced encouraging preliminary results.
An Information Theoretic Framework for Classifying Exoplanetary System Architectures
Authors: Gilbert Gregory J. , Fabrycky Daniel C.
Published: June 2020

We propose several descriptive measures to characterize the arrangements of planetary masses, periods, and mutual inclinations within exoplanetary systems. These measures are based on complexity theory and capture the global, system-level trends of each architecture. Our approach considers all planets in a system simultaneously, facilitating both intrasystem and intersystem analysis. We find that based on these measures, Kepler’s high-multiplicity (N ≥ 3) systems can be explained if most systems belong to a single intrinsic population, with a subset of high-multiplicity systems (∼20%) hosting additional, undetected planets intermediate in period between the known planets. We confirm prior findings that planets within a system tend to be roughly the same size and approximately coplanar. We find that forward modeling has not yet reproduced the high degree of spacing similarity (in log-period) actually seen in the Kepler data. Although our classification scheme was developed using compact Kepler multis as a test sample, our methods can be immediately applied to any other population of exoplanetary systems. We apply this classification scheme to (1) quantify the similarity between systems, (2) resolve observational biases from physical trends, and (3) identify which systems to search for additional planets and where to look for these planets.
Optimizing Simulation Parameters for Weak Lensing Analyses Involving Non-Gaussian Observables
Authors: Matilla José Manuel Zorrilla , Waterval Stefan , Haiman Zoltán
Published: June 2020

We performed a series of numerical experiments to quantify the sensitivity of the predictions for weak lensing statistics obtained in ray-tracing dark matter (DM)-only simulations, to two hyper-parameters that influence the accuracy as well as the computational cost of the predictions: the thickness of the lens planes used to build past light cones and the mass resolution of the underlying DM simulation. The statistics considered are the power spectrum (PS) and a series of non-Gaussian observables, including the one-point probability density function, lensing peaks, and Minkowski functionals. Counterintuitively, we find that using thin lens planes (< 60 h
−1 Mpc on a 240 h
−1 Mpc simulation box) suppresses the PS over a broad range of scales beyond what would be acceptable for a survey comparable to the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A mass resolution of 7.2 × 1011
h
−1
M
⊙ per DM particle (or 2563 particles in a (240 h
−1 Mpc)3 box) is sufficient to extract information using the PS and non-Gaussian statistics from weak lensing data at angular scales down to 1′ with LSST-like levels of shape noise.
Orbital Precession in the Distant Solar System: Further Constraining the Planet Nine Hypothesis with Numerical Simulations
Authors: Clement Matthew S. , Kaib Nathan A.
Published: June 2020

The longitudes of perihelia and orbital poles of the solar system’s dozen or so most remote detected objects are clustered in a manner inconsistent with that of a random sample of uniformly distributed orbits. While small number statistics and observational biases may explain these features, the statistical significance of the clustering has led to the recent development of the “Planet Nine hypothesis.” In the proposed scenario, orbits in the distant solar system are shepherded via secular perturbations from an undetected massive planet on an eccentric orbit. However, the precession of perihelia and nodes in the outer Kuiper Belt and inner Oort cloud are also affected by the giant planets, passing stars, and the galactic tide. We perform a large suite of numerical simulations designed to study the orbital alignment of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs) and inner Oort cloud objects (IOCOs). In our various integrations that include Planet Nine, we consistently find that ≳60% of ETNOs and IOCOs that are detectable after 4 Gyr are also anti-aligned in perihelia with the distant massive perturber. However, when we randomly select 17 objects from this sample of remaining orbits, there is significant scatter in the degree of longitude of perihelion and orbital pole clustering that might be observed. Furthermore, we argue that, in the absence of Planet Nine, 17 randomly drawn orbits should still exhibit some clustering even if the underlying distribution is uniform. Thus, we find that still more ETNO and IOCO detections are required to confidently infer the presence of Planet Nine.
Barred Galaxies in the Illustris-1 and TNG100 Simulations: A Comparison Study
Authors: Zhou Ze-Bang , Zhu Weishan , Wang Yang , Feng Long-Long
Published: June 2020

We carry out a comparison study on the bar structure in the Illustris-1 and TNG100 simulations. At z = 0, 8.9% of 1232 disk galaxies with stellar masses

in Illustris-1 are barred, while the numbers are 55% of 1269 in TNG100. The bar fraction as a function of stellar mass in TNG100 agrees well with the survey

. The median redshifts of bar formation are ∼0.4–0.5 and ∼0.25 in TNG100 and Illustris-1, respectively. Bar fraction generally increases with stellar mass and decreases with gas fraction in both simulations. For galaxies with bars at z = 0, their bar formation time is generally anti-correlated with their gas fraction at high redshift. When the bars were formed, the disk gas fractions were mostly lower than 0.4. The much higher bar fraction in TNG100 probably benefits from the much lower gas fractions in massive disk galaxies since z ∼ 3, which may result from the combination of more effective stellar and AGN feedback. The latter may be the primary factor at z < 2. Meanwhile, in both simulations, barred galaxies have higher star formation rates before bar formation and have stronger AGN feedback, at all times, than unbarred galaxies. The properties of dark matter halos hosting massive disk galaxies are similar between the two simulations and should have a minor effect on the frequencies of different bars. For individual galaxies under similar halo environments across the two simulations, different baryonic physics can lead to striking discrepancies in morphology. The morphologies of individual galaxies are subject to the combined effects of environment and internal baryonic physics and are often not predictable.
Requirements for Gravitational Collapse in Planetesimal Formation—The Impact of Scales Set by Kelvin–Helmholtz and Nonlinear Streaming Instability
Authors: Gerbig Konstantin , Murray-Clay Ruth A. , Klahr Hubert , Baehr Hans
Published: June 2020

The formation of planetesimals is a challenging problem in planet formation theory. A prominent scenario for overcoming dust growth barriers is the gravitational collapse of locally over-dense regions, shown to robustly produce ∼100 km–sized objects. Still, the conditions under which planetesimal formation occurs remain unclear. For collapse to proceed, the self-gravity of an over-density must overcome stellar tidal disruption on large scales and turbulent diffusion on small scales. Here, we relate the scales of streaming and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI), which both regulate particle densities on the scales of gravitational collapse, directly to planetesimal formation. We support our analytic findings by performing 3D hydrodynamical simulations of streaming and KHI and planetesimal formation. We find that the vertical extent of the particle mid-plane layer and the radial width of streaming instability filaments are set by the same characteristic length scale, thus governing the strength of turbulent diffusion on the scales of planetesimal formation. We present and successfully test a collapse criterion, 0.1Q β ϵ
−1
Z
−1 ≲ 1, and show that even for solar metallicities, planetesimals can form in dead zones of sufficiently massive disks. For a given gas Toomre parameter Q, pressure gradient β, metallicity Z, and local particle enhancement ϵ, the collapse criterion also provides a range of unstable scales, instituting a promising path for studying initial planetesimal mass distributions. Streaming instability is not required for planetesimal collapse but, by increasing ϵ, can evolve a system to instability.
The Host Galaxies and Progenitors of Fast Radio Bursts Localized with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
Authors: Bhandari Shivani , Sadler Elaine M. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Simha Sunil , Ryder Stuart D. , Marnoch Lachlan , Bannister Keith W. , Macquart Jean-Pierre , Flynn Chris , Shannon Ryan M. , Tejos Nicolas , Corro-Guerra Felipe , Day Cherie K. , Deller Adam T. , Ekers Ron , Lopez Sebastian , Mahony Elizabeth K. , Nuñez Consuelo , Phillips Chris
Published: June 2020

The Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope has started to localize fast radio bursts (FRBs) to arcsecond accuracy from the detection of a single pulse, allowing their host galaxies to be reliably identified. We discuss the global properties of the host galaxies of the first four FRBs localized by ASKAP, which lie in the redshift range 0.11 < z < 0.48. All four are massive galaxies (log(M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 9.4–10.4) with modest star formation rates of up to 2 M
⊙ yr−1—very different to the host galaxy of the first repeating FRB 121102, which is a dwarf galaxy with a high specific star formation rate. The FRBs localized by ASKAP typically lie in the outskirts of their host galaxies, which appears to rule out FRB progenitor models that invoke active galactic nuclei or free-floating cosmic strings. The stellar population seen in these host galaxies also disfavors models in which all FRBs arise from young magnetars produced by superluminous supernovae, as proposed for the progenitor of FRB 121102. A range of other progenitor models (including compact-object mergers and magnetars arising from normal core-collapse supernovae) remain plausible.
Blood Cholinesterase Level is Associated with Cognitive Function in Indonesian School-age Children Exposed to Pesticides
Authors: Malueka Rusdy Ghazali , Rahman Andrianor , Dwianignsih Ery Kus , Panggabean Andre Stefanus , Bayuangga Halwan Fuad , Alifaningdyah Sarastiti , Innayah Meutia Rizki , Febriana Sri Awalia , Setyaningsih Indarwati , Setyaningrum Cempaka Thursina Srie , Gofir Abdul , Sutarni Sri , Setyopranoto Ismail
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Pesticides are known as depressors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, resulting in the nervous system toxicity. The previous studies have described associations between AChE, a stable marker of pesticide poisoning, and cognitive performance in children.
AIM: This study aimed to identify the association between blood AChE level and cognitive function in children exposed to pesticides in the Magelang Regency, Indonesia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving school-age children with a history of pesticide exposure in Ngablak, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, was conducted. Blood AChE level was evaluated, and the Modified Miniâ€“Mental State Examination for Children (MMMSEC) was used to analyze the cognitive function of the children.
RESULTS: In total, 56 subjects aged between 9 and 11 years were included in this study. Median blood AChE level was 9.64 kIU/L, and 24 subjects (42.9%) had low blood AChE levels. Median MMMSEC score was 33. Eleven subjects (19.6%) were found to have abnormal cognitive function. Bivariate analysis showed that blood AChE level was associated with MMMSEC score (r = 0.343, p = 0.010). Multiple linear regression showed that blood AChE level had a positive association with cognitive function in children, assessed using the MMMSEC score (Î² = 0.360; p = 0.006). Further analysis showed that the attention and orientation (memory function) domains of the MMMSEC were significantly associated with blood AChE level (Î²: 0.371 and 0.297, respectively, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Blood AChE level, a stable marker of pesticide poisoning, was positively associated with cognitive function in children, as assessed using the MMMSEC score. In particular, the orientation and attention domains of the MMMSEC were associated with blood AChE level.
The Effectiveness of Endoscopic Surgery of Juvenile Angiofibroma Using Surgical Glue
Authors: Ardesan Seyed-Hadyi Samimi , Ardehali Mojtaba Mohammadi , Doustmohammadian Najmeh
Published: June 2020

AIM: The current study aimed to provide a method for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma embolization using Glubran glue in patients with low stage tumor. This method not only has less blood loss and good visualization but also impose a low cost, where no pre-operative embolization complications were found for this procedure.
METHODS: Between 2012 and 2014, 30 patients with angiofibroma undergoing endoscopic surgery. Age, sex, tumor stage, average blood loss, complications, length of hospitalization, and recurrence rate of the tumor were the main measured outcomes. Furthermore, 30 patients were divided into three groups with matched age, sex, and tumor staging. Group 1 received glue (Glubran), while Group 2 selected for study without glue and embolization and pre-operative embolization was considered for Group 3.
RESULTS: Based on the amount bleeding, the mean blood hemorrhage in Groups 1, 2, and 3 was 510, 1655, and 800 ml, respectively, the difference of hemorrhage between Groups 1 and 2 was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.007). Blood loss in Group 1 was found to be less than Group 3, but the difference of hemorrhage between Group 1 and 3 was not statistically significant (p = 0.678). No blood transfusion and complication were recorded for individuals in Group 1. The recurrence was found in 1 patient (10%) in both groups of 2 and 3, and no patient (0%) in Group 1.
CONCLUSIONS: The direct intraoperative embolization technique with glue was capable of providing a more complete and targeted embolization of the tumor. Some advantages can be mentioned for this technique, including decreased blood loss, less radiation exposure, lower rates of complications, and recurrence, as well as shorter hospitalization time, the ease of procedure with a spinal needle and low cost.
First insights into the molecular population structure and origins of the invasive Chinese sleeper, Perccottus glenii, in Europe
Authors: Grabowska Joanna , Kvach Yuriy , Rewicz Tomasz , Pupins Mihails , Kutsokon Iuliia , Dykyy Ihor , Antal Laszlo , Zięba Grzegorz , Rakauskas Vytautas , Trichkova Teodora , Čeirāns Andris , Grabowski Michał
Published: June 2020

The aim of our study was to provide a first overview of the population genetic structure of the invasive Chinese sleeper,Perccottus glenii, (Actinopterygii: Odontobutidae) in European water bodies. This species originates from inland waters of north-eastern China, northern North Korea and the Russian Far East. The 1172 bp long portion of the cytochrome b gene was sequenced from Chinese sleeper specimens collected from a variety of water bodies in Belarus, Bulgaria, Hungary, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia (European part) and Ukraine. Our study revealed that the invasive Chinese sleeper in Europe consists of at least three distinct haplogroups that may represent independent introduction events from different parts of its native area; i.e. three founding populations: (1) Baltic haplogroup that may originate either from fish introduced inadvertent from Russia or from some unidentified source (release by aquarists). So far, this haplogroup has been found only in the Daugava basin in Latvia. (2) East-European haplogroup that may originate from an unintentional introduction to the Volga basin in Russia and has expanded westward. So far, this group was recorded in the Volga, Upper Dnieper and Neman drainages in Belarus, Lithuania, and Russia. (3) Carpathian haplogroup, that originated from individuals unintentionally introduced with Asian cyprinid fishes to Lviv region in Ukraine and are now widely distributed in Central Europe.
Spatial choreography of the coronavirus
Authors: Kalabikhina Irina E. , Panin Alexander N.
Published: June 2020

This paper offers spatial analysis of the coronavirus spread, testing and implementation of restrictive measures in the framework of social distancing within countries and Russian regions. The geography of the spread of the disease in the municipalities of the Central Federal District is presented, the speed and direction of the shift of the «center» of disease concentration are estimated. The paper uses geographical data, operational statistics on morbidity, deaths from COVID-19 and tests, official documents on restrictive measures within the framework of social distancing (on 10 April 2020). The mapping is performed on the ArcGIS geo-information platform. Some interpretations of spatial differentiation of traceable indicators are proposed.
Three new species of the genus Chilocorellus Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Sticholotidini) from the Philippines
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning , Liang Xinyue , Chen Xiaosheng , Wang Xingmin
Published: June 2020

The genusChilocorellusMiyatake, 1994 has been revised. Three new species (C. uncinacanthusZhang & Wang,sp. nov.,C. denspinuliferZhang & Wang,sp. nov., andC. fistulachaetodontusZhang & Wang,sp. nov.) from the Philippines are described and illustrated in the present paper. An updated key to the species of the genusChilocorellusis provided. In addition, a list of all known species and their distributions is also provided.
Hybrid support vector machine optimization model for inversion of tunnel transient electromagnetic method
Authors: Liang Xiao ,   Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610031, China, Qi Taiyue , Jin Zhiyi , Qian Wangping ,   School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
Published: June 2020

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) can effectively predict adverse geological conditions, and is widely used in underground engineering fields such as coal mining and tunneling. Accurate evaluation of adverse geological features is a crucial problem that requires urgent solutions. TEM inversion is an essential tool in solving such problems. However, the three-dimensional full-space detection of tunnels and its inversion are not sufficiently developed. Therefore, combining a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) with particle swarm optimization (PSO), this paper proposes a tunnel TEM inversion approach. Firstly, the PSO algorithm is adopted to optimize the LSSVM model, thus overcoming the randomness and uncertainty of model parameter selection. An orthogonal test method is adopted to optimize the initial parameter combination of the PSO algorithm, which further improves the accuracy of our PSO-LSSVM model. Numerical simulations are conducted to generate 125 sets of original data. The optimized PSO-LSSVM model is then used to predict certain values of the original data. Finally, the optimization model is compared with conventional machine learning methods, and the results show that the randomness of the initial parameters of the PSO algorithm has been reduced and the optimization effect has been improved. The optimized PSO algorithm further improves the stability and accuracy of the generalization ability of the model. Through a comparison of different machine learning methods and laboratory model tests, it is verified that the optimized PSO-LSSVM model proposed in this paper is an effective technique for tunnel TEM detection inversion.