bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Автоматизація об'єднаних систем автономного енергозабезпечення лабораторної установки
Authors: Асманкіна A.A. , Лорія М.Г. , Целіщев О.Б. , Гезеві Абдалхалех Гома Ахмед
Published: January 2021

Тепер всі світові тенденції енергії прямують на використанні і комбінуванні поновлюваних джерел енергії. Поєднання декількох поновлюваних джерел енергії і залучання не поновлюваних джерел приводить до часткової незалежності. У цій роботі була протестований лабораторний пристрій для нагріву і охолодження рідини. Протягом експерименту були використані правила Карно, гідродинаміка, динамічна компресія газів  і багато інших принципів. Запропоноване поєднання декількох систем замінимої енергії, зазначене у графіках, відобразило кількість джерел, необхідних для роботи експериментального врегулювання. Були зняті показники в різних термінах роботи експериментального врегулювання, для цієї мети воно було обладнане великою кількістю чутливих елементів. Досліджуваний час, температура, тиск на різних проміжках врегулювання управляється он-лайн з мобільного пристрою. Для конструкції і оцінки адекватності математичного зразкового збирання показників від сенсорів залежно від температурних індексів умови експлуатації, яка вимагає детальніших спостережень, для цього дослідження знадобилося більше ріку, залежно від часу щорічної і бажаної температури в приміщенні. Зняті показники з експериментальної частини, дозволили отримати апроксимовану інформацію для конструкції діаграм залежностей нагнітання тиску від температур. Дослідним результатом стали побудовані графічні залежності тиску від температур на трьох основних ділянках врегулювання. Отримані дані надають можливості побудувати математичну модель для послідовної модернізації врегулювання.
Caribbean Sargassum Phenomenon: Complexities of Communicating
Authors: McConney Patrick , Oxenford Hazel
Published: January 2021

In 2011 unprecedented massive influxes of pelagic sargassum seaweed took the Caribbean completely by surprise. The floating sargassum disrupted fishing operations, impacted fish catches, and caused significant hardship to fisherfolk. Stranded sargassum
covered beaches and the rotting weed produced pungent smells threatening tourism and invoking difficult and expensive coastal cleanups. Several years later the Caribbean is still struggling to come to terms with how to manage this new and continuing threat, which is also potentially a huge source of raw material for innovation and entrepreneurship opportunities. Communication has been a key element in this struggle to respond and adapt to sargassum. Exchanging information among a broad range of government, civil society, private sector, academic and other stakeholders has been an ongoing challenge. Mobilising knowledge has been key from the start, and science communication remains a cross-cutting and very transdisciplinary process. We examine some of the lessons learned from the communication associated with sargassum influxes since 2011. There is no clear science-policy interface for decision-making on sargassum. Uncertainties surrounding sargassum ecology, oceanography, biochemistry, economics, medical and social science all test the status and communication of science among Caribbean stakeholders. The drivers of information sharing, the credibility of both popular and scientific sources, their reach to diverse audiences through networks, and several other factors combine to determine information flows.
Relation between Glycemic Control among the Patients with Type 2 DM and Level of Blood Pressure
Authors: Amin Md Al , Zannat Tahira , Uddin Md Nazim , Md Moniruzzaman - , Md Habibullah - , Kabir AKM Humayon , Karim Md Enamul
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes constitutes a major public health problem and risk factor for the development of diabetes related complications. Hypertension is a common co-morbid condition of diabetes. Hypertension as a factor for poor glycemic control in diabetes patients has not been properly evaluated in Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to assess status of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 DM depending on the level of blood pressure in a tertiary care hospital.

Method: This cross sectional study was carried out among 200 adult patients of either gender with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in the Department of Medicine and endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January to June 2015.

Results: The mean age of the respondents were 56.85(±10.84) years, ranging from 35 to 77 years. Among 200 patients, 129 (64.5%) were hypertensive and 71 (35.5%) were normotensive with a mean duration of hypertension was 10.03 (±3.39) years. The mean HbA1c for all diabetic, hypertensive and normotensive patients were 7.41% (±1.35), 7.63% (±1.30) and 7.02% (±1.37) respectively. The mean HbA1c was significantly higher in hypertensive than normotensive group (p=0.002). The mean HbA1c was also significantly higher in patients with duration of hypertension (p=0.03) for more than 10 years and in patients who used beta blocker (p=0.005) and diuretics (p=0.02) as hypertensive medication. Among the patients with normal BMI and on dietary modification, those who were hypertensive had significantly higher (p=0.00008) mean HbA1c (7.12(±0.99)) than those were normotensive (5.01(±0.01)).

Conclusion: The glycemic control in type 2 DM is found to be poor among the hypertensive patients. There is a complex association of multiple factors like age, gender, duration of hypertension and medications strongly influence the glycemic control of type 2 diabetics with hypertension.

J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 12-17
Association of Anthropometric Measurement With Ultrasound- Diagnosed Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Authors: Sultana Farhana , Shanchay Mohammad Shamsuddoha Sarker , Ahmed Faruque
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly recognized cause of liver disease worldwide. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the association between anthropometric measurement and incidence of NAFLD among the adult population.

Material and Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was performed among 240 patients attending outpatient department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and admitted in patient of Medicine, Hepatology, Gastroenterology department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, who are Ultrasound diagnosed NAFLD, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The Study was done from August, 2013 to February, 2014 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Then a pro-forma was made and filled it by direct interview, reading the remarks of the consultant about the patient written on the file, using the hospital lab results and by discussing the patient’s file remarks with the medical officer on duty. NAFLD was confirmed by Ultrasonography. Relevant Laboratory investigations were done to assess severity and prognosis. All subjects underwent anthropometric measurement which included height, weight, waist circumference, waist hip ratio (WHR), waist height ratio (WHtR). Body mass index (BMI) and were calculated using the standard formula.

Results: Out of 240 patients, 51(21.25%) were found to be diagnosed with NAFLD (95%CI=22.8-27.8) subjects. The cases of NAFLD were significantly higher in males (55.0%) as compared to females (45%) (RR=1.17, 95%CI=1.14-2.58, p=0.008). The BMI, waist circumference, WHR and WHtR were significantly (p<0.0001) associated with NAFLD. Likewise, NAFLD was found significantly (p<0.0001) higher among obese and overweight subjects. However, in multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex (adjusted OR=11.30, 95%CI=3.44-37.11, p<0.0001), waist circumference (adjusted OR=1.27, 95%CI=1.56-1.39, p<0.0001), hip circumference (adjusted OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.82-0.99, p=0.04) and BMI (adjusted OR=1.83, 95%CI=1.10- 2.20, p=0.001) were significantly associated with NAFLD.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that higher anthropometric measurements were significantly associated with NAFLD.

J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 27-32
In vitro Propagation of Mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth.)
Authors: Llivisaca Susana , Cevallos Juan Cevallos , Mendoza Joffre , Piña Fernando , Peralta Esther , Timm Eduardo Sanchez , Flores José
Published: January 2021

The disinfected axillary shoots of mortino - a wild plant species were cultured in MS with different concentrations (0.002, 0.05 and 0.1%) of methyl N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) carbamate to develop an in vitro protocol for micropropagation through organogenesis. They were then placed in a concentration matrix (0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 μM) whose factorial design involved BAP and IAA in WPM. Results showed a 100% disinfection at 0.05% concentrations of carbendazim and the combination of IAA and BAP at 10 μM yielded a multiplication factor of 3.35, with rooting after seven weeks. This system showed efficient disinfection, multiplication and yielding an acceptable root system.

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 167-177, 2020 (December)
Asymbiotic Seed Germination of Thunia alba, a Variable Orchid in an Isolated Karst Hill of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhou Zi Yu , Li Ju , Peng Xi Hui , Landrein Sven
Published: January 2021

Asymbiotic seed germination of Thunia alba (Lindley) H.G. Reichenbach was tested on different media in order to propagate and preserve its genetic diversity. In addition different plant hormones were used in the similar germination experiments. Results from these experiments revealed that Knudson medium (KC) had the best germination ability but Mitra and modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) also showed good responses for growth and root formation in the seedling after eight weeks. Coconut water (CW) was the most efficient for promoting germination and growth, addition of 0.046 μM and 0.46 μM Kn also induced better germination rate and formation of leaves. The seedlings after eight months were transferred and acclimatized to grow in the garden on a medium containing bark and crushed concrete blocks. Although the species is amongst the rare orchid species that can successfully propagate asexually in the wild it is demanding for substrate and climatic conditions.

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 189-197, 2020 (December)
Micropropagation of Two Varieties of Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Akther Shilpi , Banu Tanjina Akhtar , Khan Salim , Akter Shahina , Habib Ahashan , Islam Mousona , Goswami Barna , Sarkar Bivas Kumar
Published: January 2021

Cotyledonary leaf and node of two varieties, namely red and yellow of Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were cultured in MS with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The cotyledonary leaf was found to be most responsive towards multiple shoot regeneration. The leaf explants of red variety showed best result towards shoot regeneration in MS with BAP (8.0 mg/l), NAA (0.02 mg/l) and IAA (1.0 mg/l). Eighty per cent explants responded within 13 - 14 days, and the mean number of shoot per explant was was found to be 5.67. The cotyledonary leaf explants of yellow variety showed promising result when the cotyledonary leaf explant was cultured in MS with BAP (8.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) being the mean number of shoot per explants 5.13 and 70% of them responded within 14 - 15 days. Maximum root induction was found in MS with IBA (0.5 mg/l) in both capsicum varieties. After successful root formation plantlets were transplanted and acclimatized to the soil.

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 267-275, 2020 (December)
Biological attributes and qualitative damage of Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman & Sapra) (Acariformes: Tetranychidae) on the medicinal plant Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T. Aiton
Authors: Majeed A. A. Safeena , Srinivasa N.
Published: January 2021

Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman & Sapra) was found infesting the medicinal plant, Ichnocarpus frutescens L. Its biology and reproduction were studied at four different constant temperature conditions in the laboratory. O. mangiferus completed its development faster (7.10 to 8.77 days) at 30° - 32°C. Its egg-laying was highest at 20°C (31.03 eggs/female), but with similar progenial sex ratio ( :? ) (1:2.68 to 1:2.84) across different temperatures. At 25°C, Mean Generation Time (T) and Doubling Time (DT) were lowest 15.26 days and 8.95 days, respectively, while, Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase (rm) was highest (0.085 female off-springs/female/day). Feeding damage by mangiferus resulted in apparent decline in chlorophyll and flavonoid contents, while alkaloid and terpenoid contents showed increase in mite infested leaves. Observed changes in the quantity of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids, subsequent to mite feeding was significant, owing to the medicinal value of the herb. Further investigation on these biochemical changes may throw light on more advantageous medicinal use of Ichnocarpus for treating many human disorders.
Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in School Going Children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Nistha , Sahukhala Salina , K.C Diva , Sandalcidi Dawn , Adhikari Shambhu Prasad
Published: January 2021

Background: Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that affects both gender across the age span and has significant social and psychological impact. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in school going children and assess the association of Incontinence Symptom Index-Pediatrics with age and gender.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried among 305 children aged 11-16 years using convenient sampling in a school of Dhulikhel municipality. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis and spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results: Prevalence of stress, urge and nocturnal enuresis were 22.95%, 19.34% and 3.93% respectively. Gender was significant with stress (p>0.001) and urge (p>0.039) incontinence whereas age was significant with nocturnal enuresis.Conclusion: The episode of Urinary incontinence is common in school going children. It’s important that children, parents, teachers and medical practitioners be aware of these phenomena. Keywords: Children; prevalence; urinary incontinence
DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
Authors: Simaremare Destriani , Silalahi Dumaris E
Published: January 2021

This research is about the analysis of derivational affixes in Writing Analytical Exposition Text. It intended to describe the process of derivational affixes and to find out the types, the structure, and the functions of each derivational affixes in writing analytical exposition text by the twelve grade students from YouTube. The qualitative method was used to investigate derivational affixes in writing analytical exposition text. The data were collected by documented study. They were collected from students’ results of making texts about analytical Exposition text, finding the text about analytical exposition, choosing the text that relevant with Corona virus disease, and the last searched the words that contain derivational affixes, the researcher identified. The results of this study showed that derivational affixes were found in writing analytical exposition text. There were three types of affix used. They were prefix, suffix, and circumfix. There was no infix used. Kinds of prefix found were pre-, dis-, re-, on-, under-, inter-, micro-, trans-, over-, al-, In-, out-. Kinds of suffix found were -ment, -ly, -ness, -ion, -y, -er, -ive, -ous, -ant, -ious, -ation, -en, -wards, -ition, -ed, -est, -ies, -ities -ily, -ence, -ing, -side. Kinds of circumfix found were Trans-ed, In-ation, inter-ion, dis-ed, re-ation, un-y, anti-ion, un–ed, in-ly, trans-ion, inter –ed, re-ing, trans-ing, in- ing, in-ent. The function of derivational affixes found in writing analytical exposition were verb formation, noun formation, adjective formation, and adverb formation, in which sometimes in the process of word formation, it did not always change the part of speech even though it had got the addition of affixes, such as noun into noun, verb into verb, and adjective into adjective. There were many derivational affixes. Moreover, suffix –ing to form a noun and –ly to form an adverb the most dominant affixes.
TEACHING READING STRATEGIES FOR EIGHT GRADE OF SMPN 1 JEREWEH
Authors: Pebriantika Erlin , Aristia Erni Sona
Published: January 2021

Reading English text as a basic language skill has a complicated process to be absorbed by second language learners. In practice, Text-based has enlarged students to the complicated of reading comprehension. Therefore, various kinds of teaching reading strategies appropriate to students’ characters and needs are determined. This study aimed to identify teaching reading strategies that English teachers frequently use and identify students’ reading achievement by applying certain recommended strategies and identifying its effect in the teaching and learning process. The subject was thirty students in the eighth grade of SMPN 1 Jereweh, Academic Year 2019/2020. Data collection procedures were FGD, In-depth Interview, Observation, and a reading test. The reading test was distributed toward the Pre-test and Post-test. While the data analysis was a qualitative and inferential statistic. The findings showed two kinds of teaching reading strategies that were frequently applied by English teachers in SMPN 1 Jereweh, namely, SQ3R and QAR. By designing a new combination between both of those strategies, students reading comprehension achievement showed that dominantly students’ categorized in “Good “level. The mean score was significantly different (Pre-test= 55.83, while Post-Test= 78.92). In addition, the r = 0.00 < 0.05 meant that there were significant effects before and after implementing SQ3R and QAR strategies. Thus, this design was recommended for teaching reading comprehension.
Penerapan Media Schoology untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 3 Bojong Pekalongan
Authors: Nuryaningsih Waginah Dwi
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the increase in motivation and student learning outcomes in learning Indonesian using schoology media assisted by the WhatsApp application. This research method used quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of class VIII A as the experimental class implementing Distance Learning with schoology media assisted by the WhatsApp application and class VIII B as the control class without using schoology media. Data collection techniques with knowledge competency tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used in this research was quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the competence of news text knowledge in the experimental class using schoology media is better than without using schoology media. The average learning outcomes obtained were 81, the average N-gain obtained was 0.72 in good category. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in student motivation and learning outcomes in learning Indonesian.
Penggunaan Media Aplikasi Duolingo Dalam Meningkatkan Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Agrabinta Cianjur
Authors: Nursyamsiah Erna
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi rendahnya penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Agrabinta Cianjur, yang dikarenakan kurang kreatifnya guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penulis mencoba menggunakan media aplikasi duolingo dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris siswa kelas VII dengan metode drill. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 22 orang. Jenis tindakan yang diterapkan adalah penggunaan media aplikasi duolingo yang mengusung kegiatan belajar samabil bermain. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, tes hasil belajar, dan unjuk kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media aplikasi duolingo dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Agrabinta Cianjur. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari persentase ketuntasan siswa dalam penguasaan kosakata aspek mengartikan kata pada siklus II ini mencapai 91% dibandingkan dengan saat siklus I, yang hanya mencapai 55%. Peningkatan yang diperoleh sekitar 36%; Pada aspek membaca pada siklus II ini mencapai 100%, dibandingkan dengan saat siklus I, yang hanya mencapai 82%. Peningkatan yang diperoleh sekitar 18%. Dan aspek menulis pada siklus II ini mencapai 95,5%, dibandingkan dengan saat siklus I, yang hanya menyampai 72,7%. Peningkatan yang diperoleh sekitar 23,3%.
Survey of the Culicide community (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Caatinga Biome, Bom Jesus City, Piauí, Brazil
Authors: Gomes Ornela Silva , Catenacci Lilian Silva , Moura Sinevaldo Gonçalves de , Moura Jaqueline Zanon
Published: January 2021

Mosquitoes are insects of great medical importance, acting as vectors of arboviruses and other pathogens that could be transmitted to humans. With the climate change many species of mosquitoes have adapted to survive in these altered conditions. The goal of this study was to describe the community of Culicidae in three gradients of environment within the Caatinga biome in the Bom Jesus municipality, Brazil. The environmental gradients included ​​native forest, rural and urban areas. Mosquitoes were collected and the following variables were analyzed: total and relative species abundance, total and relative species frequency, diversity, domain, the correlation among meteorological data, genus and the similarity between areas. The captures were made monthly for three consecutive days for a one-year period. Passive capture was performed using CDC traps placed a minimum distance of 50 meters apart in each sampling site. The mosquitoes collected were identified as: Aedeomyia spp., Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp., Coquillettidia spp., Psorophora spp. and Uranotaenia spp. The genres Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Coquillettidia and Psorophora were present year-round in at least one of the areas. The most abundant genres were the Anopheles and Culex, respectively. The native forest contained the highest diversity. However, the highest abundance of individuals was found in the rural areas, suggesting species adaptation to anthropized environments.  Overall, the high abundance of the genus Anopheles and Culex is a public health concern as these genres are known to be involved in the transmission of malaria, human filariasis, and arboviruses.
Desafios para a construção de práticas docentes em tempo de pandemia
Authors: Andrade Geórgia Priscila Santiago Bastos , Barbosa Letsilane Alves , Cardoso Marilene Sarmento , Oliveira Ramony Maria da Silva Reis
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar os desafios encontrados para a construção de práticas docentes em meio à pandemia da Covid-19, que forçou o isolamento social com o consequente fechamento das instituições escolares, em escala global, como uma medida de contenção à disseminação do vírus letal. Inicialmente, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, apresentou-se um panorama da crise sanitária mundial, passando em seguida para um levantamento dos principais obstáculos enfrentados pela educação para implementar o ensino remoto no Brasil em caráter de urgência. Ademais, tratou-se, especificamente, do impacto sobre o professor, pois, embora toda a comunidade escolar tenha sido atingida pela crise, ele é quem ficou com a difícil função de ensinar remotamente, mesmo não estando preparado para isso. Nesse contexto, propôs-se uma reflexão sobre a prática docente com fulcro nos ensinamentos de Zabala (1998), Cunha (2010), Tardif (2010) e Freire (1996) com o intuito de se mostrar que o imediatismo imposto pela crise não pode sobrepor às ideologias, práticas e condutas construídas ao longo de séculos pelos próprios docentes no exercício da sua profissão. Concluiu-se que o educador precisa reformular suas práticas de ensino para se adaptar à nova realidade, mas sem se abdicar do posto de produtor de conhecimentos, comprometendo-se com a formação integral do aluno sem ceder aos interesses da ordem mercadológica que vê a educação como simples mercadoria e o professor como simples transmissor de informações.
Regional differences in early childhood dental caries in 5-year-old Brazilian children and associated factors
Authors: Moura Rosa Núbia Vieira de , Zarzar Patrícia Maria Pereira , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Mattos Flávio de Freitas , Pinto Rafaela da Silveira , Travassos Denise Vieira , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to identify variables associated with early childhood caries (ECC) in 5-year old Brazilian children to allow their monitoring at both regional and national levels. It is a population-based cross-sectional study with epidemiological and socioeconomic data of 7.217 children included in the National Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil 2010). The dependent variable was untreated caries (component c of cpod). Independent variables were grouped into individual and contextual ones, and multilevel models of Poisson regression analysis were applied. In the country, 49,8% of children aged 5 years presented untreated caries. Among the 5 national regions, prevalence of untreated caries was higher in the North (64,9%) and lower in the Southeast (43,7%). National cpod index was 2,45 (CI 95%: 2,20-2,71) and component c was 2,05 (CI 95%: 1,81-2,29). There was a significant difference between North (3,11; CI 95%: 2,69-3,53) and Southeast (1,68; CI 95%: 1.40-1,95) regions. At individual level, low family income was associated with higher prevalence of untreated dental caries (CI 95%:  2,05-2,88). At contextual level, there was higher prevalence of untreated caries in areas with less access to fluoridated water (CI 95%: 1,04-2,25), less access to primary oral health care (CI 95%: 0,93-0,98), higher population/dentist ratio (CI 95%:  1,04-1,33), and higher percentage of children living in low-income families (CI 95%:  1,18-1,78). Our results indicate that socioeconomic factors were determinant for ECC prevalence, increasing dental treatment needs.
Cirurgias bariátricas realizadas no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro entre 2010 e 2019
Authors: Oliveira Ananda Medeiros de , Costa Sueli de Souza , Costa Izolda Souza , Batalha Júnior Nilson de Jesus Pereira
Published: January 2021

A cirurgia bariátrica é um procedimento alternativo para controle da obesidade. Foi incluído no Sistema Único de Saúde em 1999 e, depois de vinte anos, ainda não supre a demanda de atendimento que cresce com as mudanças de hábito de vida da população. O presente estudo teve como objetivo levantar o número de bariátricas realizadas pelo sistema público brasileiro entre 2010 e 2019, quantificar os procedimentos por região, custo, complicações e taxa de mortalidade; além de promover visão crítica na academia. Através de dados secundários do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, foi realizada análise quantitativa e descritiva das cirurgias bariátricas dentro das variáveis objetivadas, utilizando software estatístico para testes qui-quadrado de independência e regressão logística. Em dez anos, foram realizadas 79.961 cirurgias e investido R$ 49.186 milhões em bariátricas. A distribuição das cirurgias nas regiões brasileiras não foi igualitária, sendo o sul e sudeste os locais que mais realizaram procedimentos e receberam investimentos. O crescimento das cirurgias não demonstrou diferença estatística para o número de óbitos, mas evidenciou concomitância nas complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas, com aumento de 266,66% e 800%, respectivamente. A técnica cirúrgica mais executada foi a gastroplastia com derivação intestinal (94,15%), variando 4,7% dentro do observado. Apesar do quantitativo de cirurgias praticamente ter triplicado dentro do período avaliado, constata-se insuficiência para suprir a demanda gerada pela epidemia de obesidade, sendo necessário equidade dos investimentos nesse setor. Assim, percebe-se urgência do combate legítimo da problemática no país, com políticas públicas e educação em saúde efetivas.
Current concepts related to the diagnosis and treatment of hemangioma: literature review
Authors: Campos Igor Jose de Oliveira , Medeiros Eros Ruan de , Costa Evaldo Henrique Pessoa da , Paula João Victor Freire de , Xavier Luis Gustavo , Medeiros Cristianne Kalinne Santos , Lima Jabes Gennedyr da Cruz
Published: January 2021

Hemangioma is a tumor considered histologically benign of mesenchymal origin, characterized by the formation of vascular endothelial cells and can be divided into two types, capillary and cavernous, depending on the dominant microscopic size of the vessels. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze what exists in the specialized literature on the diagnosis and treatment of hemangioma. This study was carried out based on bibliographic research, in the respective databases: Pubmed and CAPES Periodicals between the years 2011 and 2020. The research was carried out at DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) to choose the descriptors: “Oral Pathology”; “Diagnosis” and “Vascular Malformations”. Ten scientific productions that met the inclusion criteria and were selected. The diagnosis of hemangioma, except in intraosseous cases, can be easily established in a simple and safe way through anamnesis, clinical examination and through semi-technical maneuvers, such as vitro pressure, in most cases this maneuver is conclusive. Because it is a vascular lesion, incisional biopsy is contraindicated in these cases, due to the great risk of bleeding.
La movilidad de los mejores: Políticas migratorias para jóvenes y nuevos saberes de estado en el contexto español
Authors: Betrisey Nadali Débora
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on current migration policies of the Spanish State aimed at promoting the so- called international mobility of young Spanish citizens over the last decade. From a socio- anthropological perspective, it analyses these policies as part of government techniques embodied in an institutional and moral knowledge that helps shape new categories and subjectivities of immigrants by combining historical figures (adventurers, conquerors) and values of global economic elites (talent, ability to succeed, etcetera). Moreover, it is argued that, through these devices, a model for action emerges that turns so-called youth mobility into an emancipation force while denying the conditions of domination on which it is sustained. This paper attempts to contribute a greater understanding of the cultural and socio-political logics that justifies the present migration policies in the Spanish context.
EVALUATION OF THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH, MICROLEAKAGE AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF REINFORCED GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS USED AS PERMANENT RESTORATİVE MATERİALS
Authors: KARAKAŞ Seda Nur , TURGUT Hacer
Published: January 2021

In this study, it is aimed to compare the usage of reinforced glass ionomer materials such as high viscosity glass ionomer and giomer as a permanent restorative material with the composite resin in terms of the mechanical properties. In our study, three groups were used: Equia Forte, Beautifil II and Solare X. For the shear bond strength test; 48, and for the microleakage test; 27 extracted third molar teeth were used. A total of 30 samples were prepared for the compressive strength test. Shear and compressive strength tests were performed by using universal test devices. Standard class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the tooth for the microleakage test. Thermal cycling (5-55oCx10.000) was applied to the restored teeth. According to the statistical analysis, difference was found between all groups in the shear bond strength, compressive strength and microleakage tests (p<0.05). Solare X has showed the highest shear bond strength. Equia Forte has showed the lowest value in the microleakage test. Beautifil II has showed the highest compressive strength. Reinforced glass ionomer cements have been determined to have similar and better mechanical properties than composite resin in all the tests except the shear bond strength test.
Opportunities at the Interface of Network Science and Metabolic Modeling
Authors: Dusad Varshit , Thiel Denise , Barahona Mauricio , Keun Hector C. , Oyarzún Diego A.
Published: January 2021

Metabolism plays a central role in cell physiology because it provides the molecular machinery for growth. At the genome-scale, metabolism is made up of thousands of reactions interacting with one another. Untangling this complexity is key to understand how cells respond to genetic, environmental, or therapeutic perturbations. Here we discuss the roles of two complementary strategies for the analysis of genome-scale metabolic models: Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) and network science. While FBA estimates metabolic flux on the basis of an optimization principle, network approaches reveal emergent properties of the global metabolic connectivity. We highlight how the integration of both approaches promises to deliver insights on the structure and function of metabolic systems with wide-ranging implications in discovery science, precision medicine and industrial biotechnology.
TMPSS: A Deep Learning-Based Predictor for Secondary Structure and Topology Structure Prediction of Alpha-Helical Transmembrane Proteins
Authors: Liu Zhe , Gong Yingli , Bao Yihang , Guo Yuanzhao , Wang Han , Lin Guan Ning
Published: January 2021

Alpha transmembrane proteins (αTMPs) profoundly affect many critical biological processes and are major drug targets due to their pivotal protein functions. At present, even though the non-transmembrane secondary structures are highly relevant to the biological functions of αTMPs along with their transmembrane structures, they have not been unified to be studied yet. In this study, we present a novel computational method, TMPSS, to predict the secondary structures in non-transmembrane parts and the topology structures in transmembrane parts of αTMPs. TMPSS applied a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), combined with an attention-enhanced Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network, to extract the local contexts and long-distance interdependencies from primary sequences. In addition, a multi-task learning strategy was used to predict the secondary structures and the transmembrane helixes. TMPSS was thoroughly trained and tested against a non-redundant independent dataset, where the Q3 secondary structure prediction accuracy achieved 78% in the non-transmembrane region, and the accuracy of the transmembrane region prediction achieved 90%. In sum, our method showcased a unified model for predicting the secondary structure and topology structure of αTMPs by only utilizing features generated from primary sequences and provided a steady and fast prediction, which promisingly improves the structural studies on αTMPs.
Macrophage Control of Incipient Bone Formation in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Kang Miya , Thalji Ghadeer , Huang Chun-Chieh , Shirazi Sajjad , Lu Yu , Ravindran Sriram , Cooper Lyndon F.
Published: January 2021

Both soft and hard tissue wound healing are impaired in diabetes. Diabetes negatively impacts fracture healing, bone regeneration and osseointegration of endosseous implants. The complex physiological changes associated with diabetes often manifest in immunological responses to wounding and repair where macrophages play a prominent role in determining outcomes. We hypothesized that macrophages in diabetes contribute toward impaired osseous wound healing. To test this hypothesis, we compared osseous wound healing in the mouse calvaria defect model using macrophages from C57BL/6J and db/db mice to direct osseous repair in both mouse strains. Initial analyses revealed that db/db mice macrophages showed an inflamed phenotype in its resting state. Incipient bone regeneration evaluated by μCT indicated that bone regeneration was relatively impaired in the db/db mouse calvaria and in the calvaria of C57BL/6J mice supplemented with db/db macrophages. Furthermore, osteogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells was negatively impacted by conditioned medium from db/db mice compared to C57BL/6J mice. Moreover, miR-Seq analysis revealed an altered miRNA composition in db/db macrophages with up regulated pro-inflammatory miRNAs and down regulated anti-inflammatory miRNAs. Overall, this study represents a direct step toward understanding macrophage-mediated regulation of osseous bone regeneration and its impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
MicroRNAs as Regulators of Immune and Inflammatory Responses: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Zhou Hong , Ni Wei-Jian , Meng Xiao-Ming , Tang Li-Qin
Published: January 2021

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the principal cause of end-stage renal disease and results in high morbidity and mortality in patients, causing a large socioeconomic burden. Multiple factors, such as metabolic abnormalities, inflammation, immunoregulation and genetic predisposition, contribute to the pathogenesis of DN, but the exact mechanism is unclear, and the therapeutic strategies are not satisfactory. Accordingly, there is an unmet need for new therapeutic targets and strategies for DN. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as major epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression and provide novel insights into our understanding of the molecular and signaling pathways that are associated with various diseases, including DN. Studies in the past decade have shown that different miRNAs affect the progression of DN by modulating different aspects of immune and inflammatory responses. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the pivotal roles of miRNAs in inflammatory and immune processes, with an integrative comprehension of the detailed signaling network. Additionally, we discussed the possibilities and significance of these miRNAs as therapeutic targets in the treatment of DN. This review will facilitate the identification of new therapeutic targets and novel strategies that can be translated into clinical applications for DN treatment.
Factor H Is Bound by Outer Membrane-Displayed Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzymes of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Contributes to Opsonophagocytosis Resistance in Bacteria
Authors: Sun Yu , Xu Bin , Zhuge Xiangkai , Tang Fang , Wang Xuhang , Gong Qianwen , Chen Rui , Xue Feng , Dai Jianjun
Published: January 2021

Extraintestinal pathogenicEscherichia coli(ExPEC) causes bloodstream infections in humans and animals. Complement escape is a prerequisite for bacteria to survive in the bloodstream. Factor H (FH) is an important regulatory protein of the complement system. In this study, ExPEC was found to bind FH from serum. However, the mechanisms of ExPEC binding to FH and then resistance to complement-mediated attacks remain unclear. Here, a method that combined desthiobiotin pull-down and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify the FH-binding membrane proteins of ExPEC. Seven identified proteins, which all were carbohydrate metabolic enzymes (CMEs), including acetate kinase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit, L-lactate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase, were verified to recruit FH from serum using GST pull-down and ELISA plate binding assay. The ELISA plate binding assay determined that these seven proteins bind to FH in a dose-dependent manner. Magnetic beads coupled with any one of seven proteins significantly reduced the FH recruitment of ExPEC (p < 0.05) Subsequently, immunofluorescence, colony blotting, and Western blotting targeting outer membrane proteins determined that these seven CMEs were located on the outer membrane of ExPEC. Furthermore, the FH recruitment levels and C3b deposition levels on bacteria were significantly increased and decreased in an FH-concentration-dependent manner, respectively (p< 0.05). The FH recruitment significantly enhanced the ability of ExPEC to resist the opsonophagocytosis of human macrophage THP-1 in an FH-concentration-dependent manner (p< 0.05), which revealed a new mechanism for ExPEC to escape complement-mediated killing. The identification of novel outer membrane-displayed CMEs which played a role in the FH recruitment contributes to the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of ExPEC pathogenicity.
Role of Cell Surface Hydrophobicity in the Pathogenesis of Medically-Significant Fungi
Authors: Danchik Carina , Casadevall Arturo
Published: January 2021

Cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) is an important cellular biophysical parameter which affects both cell-cell and cell-surface interactions. In dimorphic fungi, multiple factors including the temperature-induced shift between mold and yeast forms have strong effects on CSH with higher hydrophobicity more common at the lower temperatures conducive to filamentous cell growth. Some strains of Cryptococcus neoformans exhibit high CSH despite the presence of the hydrophilic capsule. Among individual yeast colonies from the same isolate, distinct morphologies can correspond to differences in CSH. These differences in CSH are frequently associated with altered virulence in medically-significant fungi and can impact the efficacy of antifungal therapies. The mechanisms for the maintenance of CSH in pathogenic fungi remain poorly understood, but an appreciation of this fundamental cellular parameter is important for understanding its contributions to such phenomena as biofilm formation and virulence.
Heterogeneous Klebsiella pneumoniae Co-infections Complicate Personalized Bacteriophage Therapy
Authors: Qin Jinhong , Wu Nannan , Bao Juan , Shi Xin , Ou Hongyu , Ye Shanke , Zhao Wei , Wei Zhenquan , Cai Jinfeng , Li Lisha , Guo Mingquan , Weng Jingyan , Lu Hongzhou , Tan Demeng , Zhang Jianzhong , Huang Qin , Zhu Zhaoqin , Shi Yejing , Hu Chunlan , Guo Xiaokui , Zhu Tongyu
Published: January 2021

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms have increased worldwide, posing a major challenge for the clinical management of infection. Bacteriophage is expected as potential effective therapeutic agents for difficult-to-treat infections. When performing bacteriophage therapy, the susceptibility of lytic bacteriophage to the target bacteria is selected by laboratory isolate from patients. The presence of a subpopulation in a main population of tested cells, coupled with the rapid development of phage-resistant populations, will make bacteriophage therapy ineffective. We aimed to treat a man with multifocal urinary tract infections of MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae by phage therapy. However, the presence of polyclonal co-infectious cells in his renal pelvis and bladder led to the failure of three consecutive phage therapies. After analysis, the patient was performed with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN). A cocktail of bacteriophages was selected for activity against all 21 heterogeneous isolates and irrigated simultaneously via the kidney and bladder to eradicate multifocal colonization, combined with antibiotic treatment. Finally, the patient recovered with an obviously improved bladder. The success of this case provides valuable treatment ideas and solutions for phage treatment of complex infections.

Clinical Trial Registration

www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR1900020989.
Case Report: Women, Be Aware that Your Vocal Charisma can Dwindle in Remote Meetings
Authors: Siegert Ingo , Niebuhr Oliver
Published: January 2021

Remote meetings via Zoom, Skype, or Teams limit the range and richness of nonverbal communication signals. Not just because of the typically sub-optimal light, posture, and gaze conditions, but also because of the reduced speaker visibility. Consequently, the speaker’s voice becomes immensely important, especially when it comes to being persuasive and conveying charismatic attributes. However, to offer a reliable service and limit the transmission bandwidth, remote meeting tools heavily rely on signal compression. It has never been analyzed how this compression affects a speaker’s persuasive and overall charismatic impact. Our study addresses this gap for the audio signal. A perception experiment was carried out in which listeners rated short stimulus utterances with systematically varied compression rates and techniques. The scalar ratings concerned a set of charismatic speaker attributes. Results show that the applied audio compression significantly influences the assessment of a speaker’s charismatic impact and that, particularly female speakers seem to be systematically disadvantaged by audio compression rates and techniques. Their charismatic impact decreases over a larger range of different codecs; and this decrease is additionally also more strongly pronounced than for male speakers. We discuss these findings with respect to two possible explanations. The first explanation is signal-based: audio compression codecs could be generally optimized for male speech and, thus, degrade female speech more (particularly in terms of charisma-associated features). Alternatively, the explanation is in the ears of the listeners who are less forgiving of signal degradation when rating female speakers’ charisma.
Pivotal Role of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis: Non-coding RNAs as Effectual Players
Authors: Saadat Somayeh , Noureddini Mahdi , Mahjoubin-Tehran Maryam , Nazemi Sina , Shojaie Layla , Aschner Michael , Maleki Behnaz , Abbasi-kolli Mohammad , Rajabi Moghadam Hasan , Alani Behrang , Mirzaei Hamed
Published: January 2021

Unintended cardiac fibroblast proliferation in many pathophysiological heart conditions, known as cardiac fibrosis, results in pooling of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the heart muscle. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as a pivotal cytokine/growth factor stimulates fibroblasts and hastens ECM production in injured tissues. The TGF-β receptor is a heterodimeric receptor complex on the plasma membrane, made up from TGF-β type I, as well as type II receptors, giving rise to Smad2 and Smad3 transcription factors phosphorylation upon canonical signaling. Phosphorylated Smad2, Smad3, and cytoplasmic Smad4 intercommunicate to transfer the signal to the nucleus, culminating in provoked gene transcription. Additionally, TGF-β receptor complex activation starts up non-canonical signaling that lead to the mitogen-stimulated protein kinase cascade activation, inducing p38, JNK1/2 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2), and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2) signaling. TGF-β not only activates fibroblasts and stimulates them to differentiate into myofibroblasts, which produce ECM proteins, but also promotes fibroblast proliferation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of numerous pathways along with cellular procedures. MicroRNAs and circular long ncRNAs, combined with long ncRNAs, are capable of affecting TGF-β/Smad signaling, leading to cardiac fibrosis. More comprehensive knowledge based on these processes may bring about new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different cardiac disorders.