bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge skills during teaching practicum
Authors: Jaeni Muhamad , Ghufron Muhammad Ali
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the efforts of Indonesian pre-service teachers in developing their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) skills during teaching practicum, explores the obstacles they encounter in this process, and examines their responses to the challenges of TPACK skills development. Employing qualitative narrative inquiry as the research method, the study interviews five pre-service teachers from various study programs to gain insights into their experiences. The findings demonstrate that Indonesian pre-service teachers employ diverse strategies to enhance their TPACK skills, including observing experienced teachers, participating in workshops or online courses, reading relevant literature on TPACK, and consistently integrating TPACK into their teaching practice. However, they face obstacles such as a lack of confidence in their teaching abilities, limited time and resources for reflective practice, and inadequate self-awareness regarding their skills. To overcome these obstacles, they respond by collaborating with peers and mentors, engaging in reflective teaching practice, and setting goals for each practicum session. The study provides valuable insights for teacher training institutions (TTIs), educators, practitioners, and policymakers, facilitating the implementation of more effective strategies for integrating TPACK in future events.
Analysis of program outcomes attainment for diploma in civil engineering at Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang
Authors: Noor Nur Asmaliza Mohd , Muhamad Noor Safwan , Alias Rohaya , Alias Asmidar , Rosli Siti Hawa
Published: March 2024

Analysis of program outcomes involves the assessment of the learning objectives based on cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains and their attainment is measured using both direct and indirect approaches. This study aims to assess the program outcomes attainment for the civil engineering diploma program at Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang. The program outcomes attainment in this study was obtained from two categories of students based on cohort 20174 using the Plan ID 6541, namely i) 257 graduated on-time students and ii) 365 overall students including extended students. The attainments were analyzed quantitatively using key performance indicators for each program outcome and program performance indicators for the overall attainment of program outcomes. Based on the key performance indicator, the results reveal that nine program outcomes are indicated as excellent while three program outcomes are indicated as good. Meanwhile, based on the program performance indicator, this cohort is indicated as well performed where 9 out of 12 program outcomes recorded above 70% average attainment. Various effective continuous quality improvement (CQI) program can be identified by the school’s committee based on these findings to further enhance the program outcomes attainment.
Communication barriers in learning during pandemic and its pedagogical approaches
Authors: Victoriano Maria Aurora G. , Ocbeña Lodecy V.
Published: March 2024

Communication is an essential element of life. It is crucial when it comes to education which is a tool for the welfare of society. People socialize via communication and thus perform desired behaviors. Because of these reasons, preventing communication barriers will provide a more specific field of experience between the sender and the receiver. The study sought to determine the communication barriers among students of Capiz State University, Mambusao Satellite College, Philippines, learning during the pandemic. The study used descriptive and qualitative methods. An in-depth interview using a semi-structured questionnaire was the researcher’s data-gathering instrument. Eight students were the study participants chosen based on the criteria. The study shows that communication between students and teachers has shifted to the digital realm using cell phones and social media. The primary focus of these conversations is module-related matters, and the students initiate the conversation due to module-related problems. Different pedagogical approaches highlight the need to improve communication and effective teaching and learning in the new normal. Despite the pandemic, it is recommended that students and teachers continue to communicate and collaborate. Teachers must also promote creativity in their classes and conduct intervention activities to help students overcome communication barriers.
Entrepreneurship skills framework for fostering the employability of industrial technology students
Authors: Sunday Olojuolawe Rufus , Olusola Osuntuyi Edward , Bamidele Ibidapo Abel , Olalekan Adegboye Oluwadamilola
Published: March 2024

The rising rate of youth unemployment and its attendant consequences on the general populace in Nigeria has assumed a frightening dimension. The academia and other relevant stakeholders have gradually come to realize that the possession of academic qualifications alone cannot guarantee a good quality job. Nigerian higher intuitions are now introducing entrepreneurship studies in their school curriculum without a clear framework. Research has shown that this does not guarantee total graduates unless we have an entrepreneurship skills framework that is functional and discipline-based. Noting that entrepreneurship is classified into two folds; entrepreneurship specific and entrepreneurship mindset, this study intends to develop an entrepreneurship skills framework that will promote the employability of the students of Electrical Technology in Colleges of Education in Nigeria. The survey research that employs the sequential exploratory mixed methods was used for the study. The population for this phase consists of entrepreneurs and academics in Nigeria. The use of the partial credit model in the Rasch analysis model guaranteed the consensus of the experts on each of the items being measured. The outcome of the study will contribute to the social-economic peace and sustainability in Nigeria and the body of knowledge in entrepreneurship regarding electrical technology.
Servant leadership’s impact on trust, commitment, and performance in higher education
Authors: Sihombing Adison Adrianus , Sari Eliana , Abbas Hafid , Fatra Maifalinda
Published: March 2024

This research examined the relationship between servant leadership (SL), organizational trust (OT), organizational commitment (OC), and task performance (TP). It employed a quantitative research design with partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and bootstrap estimation. Data were collected through a survey of 111 lecturers from 12 universities in Eastern Indonesia. It found that SL does not affect TP and OC. Meanwhile, OT affects OC but not TP. Further, OC does not affect TP. Therefore, OT does not affect TP through OC. Likewise, SL does not affect TP through OC. It practically implies that universities should be concerned the selection and placement of professional leaders. Successful professional leaders support and enhance the OC and TP of lecturers with SL. This study enriches leadership literature empirically examining SL, TP, OT, and OC in religious higher education. Besides, it provides evidence that SL in tertiary institutions does not exhibit a positive impact on lecturer performance. Institutional limitations lead to difficult situations and allow lecturers to accept reality. Furthermore, it uncovers challenges and demands the need for in-depth investigation of SL studies, which are paradoxical and contradictory to the previous SL theories and findings.
Elementary school students’ learning difficulties on distance learning during COVID-19: the psychological approach
Authors: Aquami Aquami , Husni Mifathul , Bujuri Dian Andesta , Khodijah Nyayu , Darmayanti Kusumasari Kartika Hima , Amilda Amilda , Baiti Masnun , Anggraini Erlina , Malacapay Marjon C.
Published: March 2024

During the COVID-19 period, pupils in primary schools have encountered various learning challenges. In Indonesia, this occurs in every primary school. This study intends to lighten the psychological aspect of distance learning challenges. This study employs a mixed-method methodology by integrating qualitative research, a case study technique, and quantitative description (n=414). Researchers looked at three primary school models in South Sumatra and Special Region of Yogyakarta: Model A, which used technology-based online learning; Model B, which integrated online and offline learning; and Model C, which only used WhatsApp group-based offline learning. Focus group discussions, observations, documentation, and interviews with teachers, parents, and students were all undertaken by the researchers. They also distributed open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires via Google Form. The interactive Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s models were used to analyze data. The findings demonstrated that children in all three school models encountered similar learning challenges. Still, in Model C, the complexity of those challenges was more significant than in Model A and Model B. Learning challenges included issues with comprehending topics, struggling to solve the problems with completing tasks, and working with self-study. The lack of essential psychological needs, such as the ability to interact and actualize oneself, as well as the boredom or monotony of students when pursuing distance learning, are some of the causes of learning challenges. The findings of this study have consequences for teachers and psychologists, who should pay attention to children’s fundamental needs to improve learning motivation and academic progress in primary school pupils.
Guided inquiry with Moodle to improve students’ science process skills and conceptual understanding
Authors: Mursali Saidil , Hastuti Utami Sri , Zubaidah Siti , Rohman Fatchur
Published: March 2024

This study aims to improve and describe science process skills (SPS) and conceptual understanding (CU) college students through guided inquiry learning with Moodle (GI-Moodle). This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. College students taking general biology courses at Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering (FSTT), Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika (UNDIKMA) participated in this study. They were divided into three classes: the experiment, control 1, and control 2. Their SPS was measured using an essay test instrument containing 18 items, while the CU was examined using 50 items multiple choice test and 5 items essay test. The obtained data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test. The analysis results identified different average students’ SPS and CU before and after they attended the learning processes using GI-Moodle, guided inquiry with WhatsApp group (GI-WAG), and structured inquiry with WhatsApp group (SI-WAG). The experiment class attended learning using GI-Moodle presented a more significant increase of SPS and CU than the students attending the other two learning with GI-WAG and SI-WAG. Therefore, the GI with Moodle learning can be used to improve students’ SPS and CU during post COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, further studies are suggested to use a more number and broader participants and identify the influence of GI-Moodle on other variables.
Análise da ecologia da paisagem da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Itajaí, SC, Brasil
Authors: Dambrowski Vanessa , Marenzi Rosemeri Carvalho
Published: March 2024

A partir do entendimento da paisagem dinâmica e da influência humana nos processos de fragmentação da paisagem, evolui a Ecologia da Paisagem como uma ferramenta de análise espacial. Este trabalho buscou analisar a Ecologia da Paisagem da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio do ItajaíC na intenção de avaliar as áreas prioritárias para compor o mosaico de Áreas Protegidas e às já legalmente protegidas e proporcionar elementos que permitam planejar a conservação a fim de se ampliar a proteção e a conectividade entre essas áreas. Na análise foi utilizado QGIS e LecoS. Os resultados mostraram o predomínio da Formação Florestal na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio do Itajaí, nas Áreas Protegidas e em outras áreas da Bacia onde existe a necessidade de se ampliar a proporção de áreas protegidas para garantir a conectividade estrutural e funcional dos Remanescentes Florestais restantes.
Como e por quê? Alguns comentários sobre as técnicas de produção empregadas na realização da trilogia cinemascope
Authors: Tscherkassky Peter
Published: March 2024

Found-footage films have a long tradition in the avant-garde, beginning with the works of Joseph Cornell and Len Lye in the 1930s The filmed material used in the CinemaScope trilogy comes to life and becomes an autonomous creation through the transformation set in place during the production in the darkroom. Indeed, L'Arrivée, Outer Space and Dream Work were all made by means of an archaic process of copying.
Editorial "Found Footage I"
Authors: Adriano Carlos
Published: March 2024

Found footage. A própria tradução do termo já colocaria questões de método e de manifesto. A denominação sobre o procedimento (ou seria um gênero?) de filmes que reciclam, reeditam e ressignificam imagens alheias, alhures (mas também imagens e sons feitos noutro tempo e espaço por aquele mesmo que os retoma noutro contexto e momento), poderia ser tra(du)zida literalmente como “metragem filmada encontrada”.
Mechanisms of Vascular Inflammation and Potential Therapeutic Targets: A Position Paper From the ESH Working Group on Small Arteries
Authors: Rios Francisco J. , de Ciuceis Carolina , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Lazaridis Antonios , Nosalski Ryszard , Pavlidis George , Tual-Chalot Simon , Agabiti-Rosei Claudia , Camargo Livia L. , Dąbrowska Edyta , Quarti-Trevano Fosca , Hellmann Marcin , Masi Stefano , Lopreiato Mariarosaria , Mavraganis Georgios , Mengozzi Alessandro , Montezano Augusto C. , Stavropoulos Konstantinos , Winklewski Pawel J. , Wolf Jacek , Costantino Sarah , Doumas Michael , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Grassi Guido , Guzik Tomasz J. , Ikonomidis Ignatios , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Paneni Francesco , Rizzoni Damiano , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Stellos Konstantinos , Taddei Stefano , Touyz Rhian M. , Virdis Agostino
Published: March 2024

Inflammatory responses in small vessels play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, stroke, and small vessel disease. This involves various complex molecular processes including oxidative stress, inflammasome activation, immune-mediated responses, and protein misfolding, which together contribute to microvascular damage. In addition, epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs influence vascular inflammation and injury. These phenomena may be acquired during the aging process or due to environmental factors. Activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways and molecular events induce low-grade and chronic inflammation with consequent cardiovascular damage. Identifying mechanism-specific targets might provide opportunities in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Monoclonal antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines and epigenetic drugs, show promise in reducing microvascular inflammation and associated cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the complex mechanisms underlying microvascular inflammation and offer insights into innovative therapeutic strategies that may ameliorate vascular injury in cardiovascular disease.
Low Cerebral Blood Volume Index, Thrombectomy, and Prior Stroke Are Independently Associated With Hemorrhagic Transformation in Medium‐Vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yedavalli Vivek S. , Koneru Manisha , Hoseinyazdi Meisam , Marsh Elisabeth B. , Llinas Rafael H. , Urrutia Victor , Leigh Richard , Gonzalez Luis Fernando , Xu Risheng , Caplan Justin , Huang Judy , Lu Hanzhang , Wintermark Max , Dmytriw Adam A. , Guenego Adrien , Albers Gregory W. , Luna Licia , Heit Jeremy J. , Nael Kambiz , Hillis Argye E.
Published: March 2024

Background

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a major complication in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with endovascular thrombectomy. However, HT in patients with AIS due to medium‐vessel occlusions has still not been well researched. In large‐vessel occlusions, collateral status is an important determinant of postprocedural HT, and the cerebral blood volume (CBV) index is a reliable surrogate of collateral status. The aim of our study is to identify an optimal CBV index threshold associated with HT in patients with AIS due to medium‐vessel occlusion and evaluate additional parameters that are independently associated with HT in this group.

Methods

This retrospective analysis of our prospectively collected database from 2 comprehensive stroke centers consisted of patients presenting with AIS due to medium‐vessel occlusion from 2019 to 2023. The primary outcome was the presence of HT on follow‐up imaging. Optimal CBV index cutoff for HT was derived from a univariate logistic regression analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for HT was derived from the dichotomized CBV index and other covariates. The receiver operator characteristic curve yielded area under the curve. Statistical significance was
P

≤
$ \le $

0.05.

Results

Of 111 patients (median age, 70 years; 43.2% women) included, 26 (23.4%) patients had HT. The optimal CBV index cutoff was 0.7. From multivariable regression analysis, significant variables included prior stroke (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 7.18 [95% CI, 1.60–32.16];
P
= 0.01), endovascular thrombectomy attempt (aOR, 7.86 [95% CI, 1.78–34.68];
P
= 0.01), and CBV index (

≤
$ \le $

0.7; aOR, 4.23 [95% CI, 1.02–17.59];
P
= 0.04). The area under the curve was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69–0.91).

Conclusion

A CBV index

≤
$ \le $

0.7 was independently associated with HT in patients with AIS due to medium‐vessel occlusion. Endovascular thrombectomy attempt and prior stroke history were also independently associated with HT in this population.
Can prediction error explain predictability effects on the N1 during picture-word verification?
Authors: Taylor Jack E. , Rousselet Guillaume A. , Sereno Sara C.
Published: March 2024

Do early effects of predictability in visual word recognition reflect prediction error? Electrophysiological research investigating word processing has demonstrated predictability effects in the N1, or first negative component of the event-related potential (ERP). However, findings regarding the magnitude of effects and potential interactions of predictability with lexical variables have been inconsistent. Moreover, past studies have typically used categorical designs with relatively small samples and relied on by-participant analyses. Nevertheless, reports have generally shown that predicted words elicit less negative-going (i.e., lower amplitude) N1s, a pattern consistent with a simple predictive coding account. In our preregistered study, we tested this account via the interaction between prediction magnitude and certainty. A picture-word verification paradigm was implemented in which pictures were followed by tightly matched picture-congruent or picture-incongruent written nouns. The predictability of target (picture-congruent) nouns was manipulated continuously based on norms of association between a picture and its name. ERPs from 68 participants revealed a pattern of effects opposite to that expected under a simple predictive coding framework.
The Effects of Virtual Reality Used in Healthcare Education on Cybersickness and Sense of Presence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Erbaş Atiye , Akyüz Elif , Ergöl Şule
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this systematic review was to present the current state of the science related to healthcare students’ outcomes associated with virtual reality effects on cybersickness and sense of presence. Results of the database searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane identified 101 articles. Seven articles were isolated for inclusion in this review. The primary search terms were “healthcare students,” “virtual reality,” “cybersickness,” and “sense of presence.” The studies were published between 2016 and 2020 and were conducted in Israel, the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Belgium, and Brazil. The research design was quasi-experimental in six studies and experimental design in one study. Interventions were mostly carried out with nursing, medical, and dental students. Three studies used immersive virtual reality simulation with a head-mounted display, while the others used non-immersive three-dimensional visuals. According to the results, students perceived a high sense of presence and a low level of cybersickness in virtual reality simulations. There is limited robust research exploring healthcare students’ outcomes related to virtual reality on cybersickness and sense of presence.
On Middle Persian Interference in Early Arabic Prose
Authors: D’Anna Luca , Benkato Adam
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses agreement patterns in Kalīla wa-Dimna, a collection of animal fables translated from Middle Persian to Arabic in the 8th century CE by Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ and considered one of the masterpieces of early Arabic prose. It advances the hypothesis that the text bears traces of interference from the L1 of its translator, Middle Persian. Kalīla wa-Dimna features agreement patterns unattested in any other described variety of Arabic. The paper provides an introduction to the complex textual history of Kalīla wa-Dimna, followed by a detailed analysis of the agreement patterns emerging from the text. A survey of agreement in both Arabic (in its written and spoken varieties) and Middle Persian then highlights the main differences between the two systems, followed by a discussion of the possible interference that resulted in Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ’s reinterpretation of the Arabic system as based on animacy.
Translating the Self in Medieval European Romance: Narration and Emotion in Partonopeu de Blois, Partonopier und Meliur and Partonope of Blois
Authors: Kaempfer Lucie
Published: March 2024

This article approaches the question of selfhood by reading the opening passage of the Old French romance Partonopeu de Blois alongside its translations in different Northern European languages: the thirteenth-century Middle High German Partonopier und Meliur by Konrad von Würzburg and the fifteenth-century Middle English Partonope of Blois. Both translations bring interiority and subjectivity to the passage by adding direct speech and access to the character’s thoughts and motivations. In allowing the protagonist to respond to and rationalise his own emotions, the translators add a layer of self-awareness to their characterisation, thus producing a narrated self that was lacking in the original. This article demonstrates the great potential of comparative analysis in the study of medieval emotion and self. The different linguistic versions of the same passage here illuminate one another, highlighting different narrative techniques in the construction of literary selfhood. While the objective, exterior style of narration in the Old French passage constructs a helpless character, lacking in self-possession, the later German and English translations display a different narrative strategy that reveals their character’s decision-making process, and thus make him into a self-reflecting agent.
Locking in Human Rights: An Exploration of the Barriers to echr Withdrawal
Authors: Cowell Frederick
Published: March 2024

The possibility of the United Kingdom being able to withdraw from the European Convention on Human Rights (echr or Convention) by way of a denunciation under Article 58(1) of the Convention is complicated by a number of domestic constitutional factors and other international legal obligations. This paper explains how, collectively, these constitute a form of ‘lock in’ to the echr. This makes any future UK withdrawal from the echr highly difficult and liable to cause a range of collateral consequences on the international and domestic legal planes.
Increased Extreme Precipitation in May over Southwestern Xinjiang in Relation to Eurasian Snow Cover in Recent Years
Authors: Chen Ping , Yao Junqiang , Mao Weiyi , Ma Liyun , Chen Jing , Dilinuer Tuoliewubieke , Li Shujuan
Published: March 2024

In this study, the interdecadal variations of extreme precipitation in May over southwestern Xinjiang (SWX) and related mechanisms were investigated. The extreme precipitation in May over SWX exhibited a decadal shift in the 1990s (negative phase during 1970–86 and positive phase during 2003–18). The decadal shift corresponded to strengthened moist airflow from the Indian Ocean and an anomalous cyclone over SWX during 2003–18. It is found that the interdecadal change of the wave trains in Eurasia might account for the differences in atmospheric circulation between the above two periods. Further analyses reveal that spring snow cover over Eurasia is closely linked to extreme precipitation over SWX during 2003–18. Increased snow cover in western Europe (WE) from February to March is accompanied by more snowmelt. This resulted in less local snow cover and lower albedo, leading to warm temperatures over WE in May. The changes in temperatures increase the local 1000–500-hPa thickness over WE. These factors provide favorable conditions for the enhancement of the Eurasian wave trains, which significantly influence extreme precipitation over SWX. On the other hand, corresponding to decreased albedo caused by the reduction of snow cover in northern Eurasia (NE) in May, anomalous surface warming occurs over NE. The anomalous warming results in positive geopotential height anomalies that intensify the meridional geopotential height gradient over Eurasia and cause an acceleration of the westerly jet in May. Anomalous upper-level divergence in SWX induced by the enhanced westerly jet provides a favorable dynamical condition for increased extreme precipitation.
Surgical Regret and Intraoperative Decision-Making: A Living Donor Kidney Case
Authors: Cassidy Devon E. , Vercler Christian , Englesbe Michael , Firn Janice
Published: March 2024

Surgical regret often experienced at times of a great loss may cause a surgeon to reflect on their practice and intraoperative decision-making. It is inevitable that in the surgical profession, both in training and practice, a surgeon’s decisions will be questioned by themselves, peers, and possibly patients. Here, we explore a case of living donor kidney donation in which the surgeon chooses to discontinue the operation for an incidental finding. Ultimately, this is against the patient’s wishes and a decision over which both the surgeon and patient experience moral hazard and regret. This article explores surgical regret from the lens of an altruistic donor case and a surgeon’s inaction, discussing the ethics of the operative decision-making and surgeon’s viewpoint intra- and post-operatively.
The Value of Genetic Data in Predicting Preferences: A Study of Food Taste
Authors: Daviet Remi , Nave Gideon
Published: March 2024

The exponential expansion of consumer genetic testing has led to an accumulation of massive genomic data sets owned by governments and firms. The prospect of leveraging genetic data for enhancing consumers' health, well-being, and satisfaction through improved personalization, segmentation, and targeting is promising. Nonetheless, this potential has not been studied empirically to date, and it is unknown whether and when firms should invest resources into incorporating genetic data into strategies and processes. The authors address this gap in a study of taste preferences, important drivers of food and beverage consumption. Using a large U.K.-based sample, they find that with sample sizes currently available, genetic data are expected to significantly improve prediction of taste preferences above traditionally used metrics such as demographics, behavioral variables, and even past consumption, especially for tastes that are uncommon in the local diet (e.g., spicy, sour), as they are less expressed behaviorally. The authors conclude that genetic data show immense promise for prediction-based applications when other data sources are limited or uninformative. These findings could have significant implications for public health initiatives, potentially aiding development of personalized nutrition plans and dietary interventions.
Teaching Sociology of the Arts at an Urban Community College During the Pandemic: Reflections on Structure, Agency, and Community Engagement
Authors: Rothenberg Julia
Published: March 2024

This conversation outlines an undergraduate research project that I designed and implemented during the fall of 2020 and the spring of 2021 in an online Sociology of the Arts class at Queensborough Community College in New York City. The project involves original student research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on three community-based arts organizations and the communities they serve. To showcase the problems and possibilities that emerged in assigning the project, I engage the contrasting and complementary lenses of Pierre Bourdieu’s structurally based theories of culture, capital, and social reproduction on the one hand and the pedagogical strategies that emerge from humanistic sociology on the other. The conversation concludes with reflections on issues faced by educators committed to teaching an interdisciplinary and humanistic sociology at the community college level and the ways experiential learning strategies can help students develop community connections and agency through the arts.
Content and face validity of quality-of-life instruments for youth with visual impairments: A Delphi study
Authors: Beach Pamela , Brian Ali , Sniatecki Jessica
Published: March 2024

Youth with visual impairments (VI) who are physically active are more likely to have higher quality of life (QoL) outcomes, however, typically have higher levels of sedentary time and decreased motor competence, health-related fitness, and physical activity levels than their sighted peers. A major challenge in examining the relationship between QoL and physical activity among children with VI is a lack of psychometrically vetted assessment instruments. The purpose of this Delphi study was to explore the preliminary content and face validity for two measures of QoL for youth with VI by achieving expert consensus on the items of the PedsQL™ and the revised HEAR-QL (now named VISION-QL) survey. A panel of 11 experts in VI assessed each item of the PedsQL™ and VISION-QL on the appropriateness for youth with VI and overall clarity using a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 ( completely disagree) to 4 ( completely agree). In addition, experts provided feedback on whether the revised questions maintained the meaning from the original question. Panelists were instructed to provide feedback for scores below 3 regarding how to improve the clarity or appropriateness of the item. Items with a median score below 3.25 and 70% agreement were revised and then distributed to the expert panel for a second assessment using the same Likert-type scale and instructions to leave comments for scores below 3. Thirty-four questions were revised for the VISION-QL survey from the HEAR-QL survey. Both instruments reached consensus following two rounds. The results of this study feature the first initial vettings for two separate QoL measures evaluated specifically for ecological validity for individuals with VI. Practitioners can now choose depending upon who their target audience is (e.g., child vs. caregiver) and can do so with confidence.
A Systematic Review of Which Families Are Represented in ECSE Literature
Authors: Adams Nicole B. , O’Grady Courtney E. , Chudzik Mia , Hunter Jordyn
Published: March 2024

In this systematic literature review, we examined which caregivers were represented within caregiver-focused studies in three, top-tier early childhood special education journals, Infants & Young Children, Journal of Early Intervention, and Topics in Early Childhood Special Education. The purpose of this review was to highlight where the field can shift toward a more representative and inclusive body of research-based literature and guidance for practitioners. We reviewed 115 articles. The results indicate that most studies (1) were conducted with White mothers with high-school diplomas or GEDs, (2) included an English-only or English-dominant approach with caregiver participants, and (3) had limited income data and context of the included incomes, thus informing the field that there is a need to interpret studies from a lens of who was included as well as conduct research with a more inclusive, intentional lens when seeking participants. We share specific directions for future research.
Guidelines of the International Headache Society for controlled trials of pharmacological preventive treatment for persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Ashina Håkan , Diener Hans-Christoph , Tassorelli Cristina , Scher Ann I. , Lipton Richard B. , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Sinclair Alexandra J. , Chong Catherine D. , Finkel Alan G. , Ashina Messoud , Schwedt Todd J. , Dodick David W. , Terwindt Gisela M.
Published: March 2024

Background

Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head is divided into two subtypes, one attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury and another attributed to mild traumatic injury (i.e., concussion). The latter is much more prevalent, in part because more than 90% of cases with traumatic brain injury are classified as mild. The pathophysiology of persistent post-traumatic headache is poorly understood and the underlying mechanisms are likely multifactorial. There is currently no approved treatment specifically for persistent post-traumatic headache, and management strategies rely on medications used for migraine or tension-type headache. Therefore, high-quality trials are urgently needed to support clinical decision-making and optimize management strategies. International guidelines can facilitate appropriate trial design and ensure the acquisition of high-quality data evaluating the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of available and novel pharmacological therapies for the preventive treatment of persistent post-traumatic headache.

Methods

The development of this guideline was based on a literature review of available studies in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, along with a review of previously published guidelines for controlled trials of preventive treatment for episodic and chronic migraine. The identified literature was critically appraised, and due to the scarcity of scientific evidence, recommendations were primarily based on the consensus of experts in the field.

Objective

To provide guidelines for designing state-of-the-art controlled clinical trials aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of preventive treatments for persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.
Navigating Geopolitical Turmoil: Corporate Responses to the War in Ukraine and Its Impact on Consumer Mindset
Authors: Ganesan Shankar , Mallapragada Girish
Published: March 2024

Following Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine, many companies withdrew from or altered their Russian operations. This research explores the impact of such corporate actions on three important consumer mindset metrics: net brand buzz, consideration set inclusion, and purchase intent. The authors also examine the moderating role of the firm's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reputation, the type of business (B2B vs. B2C), and the focal firm's decisions relative to peers. The authors test their propositions using a unique data set that combines a firm's decision related to its Russian operations, consumer mindset metrics, and ESG performance after controlling for firm-level factors. The findings indicate that decisions such as withdrawal from or suspension of activities in Russia are positively related to consumer mindset metrics. Moreover, this effect is accentuated for firms with a strong prior ESG reputation such that they experience a greater level of net brand buzz, brand consideration set inclusion, and purchase intent following the decision compared with the period before such decisions. This study contributes to understanding the relationship between such corporate actions and consumer mindset metrics in a novel geopolitical context, providing valuable insights for managerial decision making and public policy.
Adjunctive Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Hunt Melanie , Mendelsohn Danielle , Queck Katherine , Rice Carlos
Published: March 2024

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is utilized as an adjunctive treatment for human and veterinary patients with compromised tissues. Medical records from two veterinary hospitals with HBOT chambers were searched for small animal veterinary dentistry and oral surgery specialty patients. The HBOT records were combined with the medical records from the referring specialty veterinary dentistry and oral surgery services. Clinical indications for HBOT treatments associated with a positive outcome in this case series included resistant bacterial infections, electrical cord injury, bite wound injuries, osteomyelitis, crush/traumatic injuries including mandibular fractures, oral surgery performed at previously irradiated sites, and osteonecrosis, presumably radiation induced. Conditions within this case series that remained unchanged or were associated with partial improvement included preoperative treatment of stomatitis without steroid usage and delayed HBOT treatment for long-term endodontic health of laterally luxated immature permanent mandibular incisors. Eighty-eight percent of the HBOT sessions were tolerated well by the patients in this case series. The most common adverse event was mild anxiety. One patient required oral anxiolytic medications to complete the course of treatment. One patient experienced transient seizure activity and was able to complete that session as well as subsequent sessions at a lower chamber pressure. Future prospective studies are necessary to further evaluate and characterize the potential benefits of HBOT as well as to clarify optimal treatment protocols for specific conditions in veterinary dentistry and oral surgery.
Using digital image correlation (DIC) to measure railway ballast movement in full-scale laboratory testing of sleeper lateral resistance
Authors: Whittle Jacob W , Danks Stephen , Słodczyk Iwo , Fletcher David I
Published: March 2024

A fast and accurate method is described for determining the surface movement of railway ballast during a full-scale lateral resistance test. The proposed method utilises commodity camera equipment and open-source Digital Image Correlation (DIC) algorithms, to track individual ballast particles. It does not require time intensive ballast preparation. Tests have been performed under ambient and floodlit conditions, using colour and greyscale processing routes. The results are compared against direct measurements from lateral resistance tests to assess the accuracy of the proposed method, with a range of absolute maximum error between 0.9% and 3.4% under different laboratory conditions. The study shows that this technique is a viable way to track and measure ballast and sleeper movement over wide areas in near real time, which will lead to an increased understanding of the way ballast interactions influence track behaviour.
Judicial Constructions of Harm in Australian Image-Based Sexual Abuse Case Law: A Feminist Discourse Analysis
Authors: Witt Alice , Henry Nicola , Beard Gemma
Published: March 2024

Despite almost every Australian state and territory criminalizing image-based sexual abuse (IBSA), which includes the non-consensual taking, creating, or sharing of intimate images, judicial discourse in this context remains underexplored. In this article, using feminist critical discourse analysis, we investigate how Australian courts conceptualize the harms of IBSA in 47 criminal and civil cases. We find that while the serious harms suffered by individual victim-survivors are widely recognized, judicial discourse on societal harms is limited, with little to no recognition of IBSA as a form of gender-based violence (GBV) in and of itself. This is significant for several reasons, including the overrepresentation of women victim-survivors and male perpetrators in our dataset, and the gender and other inequalities that often underpin IBSA. We argue that by adopting an inclusive gender-based approach, the courts can promote more nuanced, relational, and holistic understandings of the individual and societal harms of IBSA, knowledge of which is important for addressing this rapidly growing form of GBV in Australia and internationally.
Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty results in decreased incidence of anterior femoral notching compared to posterior referenced instrumented total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Li MingYang , Zhang YongTao , Shao ZhenShuai , Zhu HaoXiang
Published: March 2024

Objective

Periprosthetic fracture (PPF) is an uncommon but devastating complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Anterior femoral notching (AFN) is one of a perioperative risk factor for PPF. The main purpose of this study was to compare between the rates of anterior femoral notching (AFN) and supracondylar periprosthetic femoral fracture (sPPF) of manual TKA and robotic arm-assisted TKA (RATKA). Meanwhile, blood loss, transfusion rates, inflammatory responses, complications, early clinical and radiological outcomes were also assessed.

Methods

This retrospective study included 330 patients (133 RATKA and 197 manual TKA). Differences in risks of inflammatory, blood loss, complications (periprosthetic fracture and periprosthetic joint infection), pre-operative and post-operative distal lateral femoral angle (LDFA), distal femoral width (DFW), prosthesis-distal femoral width (PDFW) ratio, AFN, femoral component flexion angle (FCFA), peri-operative and post-operative functional outcomes between the RATKA and manual TKA groups were compared.

Results

The operation time and postoperative CRP level in the RATKA group was significantly longer and higher than that in the manual TKA group ( p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in postoperative WBC level ( p = .217), hemoglobin loss ( p = .362), postoperative drainage ( p = .836), and periprosthetic fracture ( p = 1.000). There was no significant difference in LDFA ( p > .05), DFW( p = .834), PDFW ratio ( p = .089) and FCFA ( p = .315) between the two groups, but the rate of AFN in the RATKA group was significantly lower than that in the manual TKA group ( p < .05). There was no significant difference in ROM between the two groups on POD3, POD 90 and 1 year ( p < .05), but the FJS-12 score in the RATKA group was higher than that in the manual TKA group on 1 year ( p = .001).

Conclusion

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty can decrease the incidence of anterior femoral notching compared to posterior referenced instrumented total knee arthroplasty.
Development and Initial Validation of a Momentary Cannabis Craving Scale Within a Homogeneous Sample of U.S. Emerging Adults
Authors: Davis Christal N. , Gex Kathryn S. , Squeglia Lindsay M. , Trull Timothy J. , McCarthy Denis M. , Baker Nathaniel L. , Gray Kevin M. , McRae-Clark Aimee L. , Tomko Rachel L.
Published: March 2024

Given the popularity and ease of single-item craving assessments, we developed a multi-item measure and compared it to common single-item assessments in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) context. Two weeks of EMA data were collected from 48 emerging adults (56.25% female, 85.42% White) who frequently used cannabis. Eight craving items were administered, and multilevel factor analyses were used to identify the best fitting model. The resulting scale’s factors represented purposefulness/general desire and emotionality/negative affect craving. Convergent validity was examined using measures of craving, cannabis use disorder symptoms, frequency of use, cannabis cue reactivity, cannabis use, negative affect, and impulsivity. The scale factors were associated with cue-reactivity craving, negative affect, impulsivity, and subfactors of existing craving measures. For researchers interested in using a single item to capture craving, one item performed particularly well. However, the new scale may provide a more nuanced assessment of mechanisms underlying craving.
Increasing incidence of contact-lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis in a tertiary ophthalmology department in an Italian population
Authors: Messina Marco , Tucci Davide , Mocini Stefano , Marruso Virginia , Crotti Silvia , Said Dalia , Dua Harminder Singh , Cagini Carlo
Published: March 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to report the increasing incidence of contact-lens related Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in a tertiary ophthalmology department in Umbria, central Italy.

Methods

Observational and retrospective case series were carried out. A total of nine eyes with a diagnosis of AK were examined. All patients underwent a full slit lamp examination, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and corneal scraping. The IVCM was repeated at one and two-week and at one, three and six-month intervals. Samples of domestic tap water were also examined for PCR analysis. Patients were treated with levofloxacin0,5%, Polyhexamethylene biguanide 0.02%, and Propamidine Isetionate0,1%.

Results

All patients were contact lens wearers. The average patient age was 27.75 (range 18–45), with three men and five women. The main clinical features were ciliary congestion, diffuse epitheliopathy with punctuated keratitis, multiple, small sub-epithelial, greyish, corneal infiltrates with epithelial defect, pseudodendritic corneal lesions, perineural infiltrates, corneal stromal cellularity, and stromal infiltrates. IVCM was indicative of Acanthamoeba in seven out of the nine eyes. All the positive IVCM images were section images showing double walled, bright-spot cysts with a clear chain-like arrangement of five or more cysts identified in three of the patients. PCR analysis of the water was negative in all cases.

Conclusion

Although PCR is the most common method used, the increased incidence of AK could mainly be related to a proper IVCM interpretation. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, such as levofloxacin might play a role in the early treatment of AK reducing the virulence of the amoeba.