bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convivencia de hijos menores de edad con progenitor adicto a una secta: problemática jurídica
Authors: Romero Coloma Aurelia María
Published: August 2023

Nadie duda, hoy en día, de que los hijos menores de edad no sólo necesitan convivir con sus progenitores y estar en su compañía, sino también que esa convivencia –tan deseada– redunde en beneficio e interés de los hijos, en definitiva, que siempre el beneficio del hijo sea prioritario, por encima de cualquier otra consideración.
Sin embargo, cuando un progenitor, separado judicialmente del otro, ingresa en una secta, con una ideología altamente perjudicial para la formación del hijo y para su posterior vida social, no debería haber lugar a la discusión, y sólo se deberá pensar en el posible perjuicio que el hijo pueda sufrir en estos casos.
A juicio de la autora, en estos supuestos, como el tratado en su artículo doctrinal, la relevancia constitucional del derecho a la libertad religiosa del padre deberá resultar inoperante jurídicamente al existir un derecho prioritario y que, en todo caso, deberá ser prevalente, y que se concreta en el interés del menor, en el beneficio del hijo.
Aborda, en consecuencia, este artículo doctrinal, la colisión entre ambos derechos constitucionales; el derecho a la libertad religiosa del progenitor, frente al beneficio e interés del menor de edad. La sentencia analizada antepone el derecho a la libertad religiosa del progenitor al beneficio del hijo, lo cual es criticado, desde un punto de vista constructivo, por la autora, porque, para ella, lo fundamental, antes de cualquier otra consideración, es la adecuada formación del hijo y el libre desarrollo de su personalidad.
El concepto de documento al efecto del libre ejercicio del derecho de acceso a la información en las instituciones comunitarias y la Administración pública española
Authors: Galina Tapia Bueno Seidy
Published: August 2023

La transparencia administrativa redunda en poder los ciudadanos acceder a la información que posee la Administración pública, lo que implica un refuerzo al sistema democrático del Estado. El hecho de poder acceder a tal información deviene del ejercicio de una de las facultades que conforman el derecho fundamental a la información, siendo el mismo regulado tanto por normas comunitarias como españolas, donde las mismas establecen que dicho derecho de acceso a la información recaerá sobre «los documentos, archivos y registros» que posean.
Ahora bien, al momento de hacerse efectivo el ejercicio del derecho de acceso a la información de las Instituciones Administrativas o de la Administración pública española, el uso de estos términos (documento, archivos y registros) y la acepción que se tome de los mismos por tales Instituciones Comunitarias o la Administración española, ya como continente de la información o como contenido en sí de la misma, conllevará la adopción de una serie de condicionantes para el mismo y, en algunos casos, incluso, la limitación del ejercicio de dicho derecho.
Por tal motivo y a través del estudio de una serie de cuestiones, se intentará dilucidar cuál debería ser el concepto valedero del término «documento» a los efectos de poder ejercer de manera más abierta el derecho de acceso a la información que posean las Instituciones Comunitarias y la Administración pública española.
La desheredación del cónyuge: problemática jurídica
Authors: Romero Coloma Aurelia María
Published: August 2023

El artículo doctrinal trata sobre el controvertido tema de la desheredación del cónyuge. Con la reforma introducida en el Código Civil (CC) en materia de familia, reforma, sin lugar a dudas, muy importante, por la Ley 15/2005, de 8 de julio, se ha dado nueva redacción a algunos preceptos del CC, en concreto a los artículos 834 y 835 del citado hábeas legal, quedando redactados de la siguiente forma: el artículo 834 establece que «el cónyuge que al morir su consorte no se hallase separado de éste judicialmente o de hecho, si concurre a la herencia con hijos o descendientes, tendrá derecho al usufructo del tercio destinado a mejora».
El artículo 835, por su parte, queda redactado de la siguiente manera: «Si entre los cónyuges separados hubiera mediado conciliación notificada al Juzgado que conoció de la separación de conformidad con el artículo 84 de este Código, el sobreviviente conservará sus derechos».
Por fin, el artículo 945 del CC, en sede de sucesión intestada, establece que «no tendrá lugar el llamamiento a que se refiere el artículo anterior si el cónyuge estuviere separado judicialmente o de hecho».
Estos preceptos ponen fin a la polémica doctrinal que sobre ellos gravitaba tanto en la sucesión testada como en la interesada. El tema de la desheredación del cónyuge es, sin duda, una materia ardua y espinosa, muy delicada y compleja, siendo analizada en sus diversos aspectos por este trabajo doctrinal.
Notas sobre la corrupción y la irregularidad administrativa
Authors: Brufao Curiel Pedro
Published: August 2023

Tradicionalmente, los estudios del Derecho han tenido por objeto el análisis formal de las distintas fuentes y doctrinas, sobre todo en el ámbito universitario, sin que se detuviera demasiado en los efectos reales que las distintas disposiciones pudieran tener en sus destinatarios o en el conjunto de la sociedad.
Un paso adelante ha consistido en el análisis económico del Derecho, cuyo fin es al menos comprobar la eficacia de las medidas dictadas, con técnicas econométricas, pero poco se ha escrito en nuestro país sobre qué ocurre cuando se hace caso omiso de la ley y de las decisiones judiciales o cuando la actividad administrativa, por influencia o no de particulares, se dirige desde un principio a socavar la norma y, en última instancia, el Estado de Derecho, habiendo o no lucro entre medias.
El así llamado por algunos autores «Pórtico de la Gloria» de diversas declaraciones legales o incluso constitucionales oculta muchas veces una realidad que desdice lo que se proclama en foros y en boletines oficiales. No hablamos sólo de los distintos «escándalos» que duran lo que las limitaciones de la prensa lo permiten, sino de la actividad diaria conocida por todos en amplios sectores sociales donde la Administración está presente.
Así, este trabajo intenta arrojar un poco de luz sobre los fenómenos de la corrupción y la irregularidad administrativa, tanto desde su concepto, sus causas, favorecimiento y medición, como de sus consecuencias penales, políticas e institucionales.
Algunas consideraciones sobre la vis maior como causa de incumplimiento de los contratos y su tratamiento en el art. 7.1.7 de los Principios UNIDROIT de 2004
Authors: Duplá Marín M.ª Teresa
Published: August 2023

Europa está actualmente inmersa en un proceso que, sin duda alguna, debemos calificar de «histórico», tendente a la unificación del Derecho Europeo, y a la creación, in fine, de un nuevo y moderno ius commune, esto es, de unos principios comunes a toda Europa. Siendo variados los métodos planteados para alcanzar este objetivo, uno, nada despreciable, es el que parte de la búsqueda y el análisis de las raíces comunes de los distintos ordenamientos jurídicos europeos. Y en esta línea de trabajo, el estudio que presentamos tiene por objeto el análisis de una figura fundamental, a la vez que problemática, ya desde la época romana y hasta nuestros días, en el ámbito de la responsabilidad contractual: la vis maior o fuerza mayor, y respecto de la cual, en el párrafo primero del artículo 7.1.7 de los Principios UNIDROIT de comercio internacional, se realiza una propuesta de concepto transnacional centrada en la descripción de los elementos que deben caracterizar el impedimento que da lugar al incumplimiento de la obligación, para que pueda hablarse de la existencia de fuerza mayor. Nos encontramos, por tanto, ante supuestos en los que la ejecución de la prestación debida deviene imposible sin culpa por parte del obligado, y las soluciones que se ofrecen por los diferentes ordenamientos nacionales se justifican por la aplicación, en cada caso, de instituciones como la frustration, failure of presupposed conditions, impossibility of performance, en los sistemas del common law, e imposibilita sopravvenuta, Unmöglichkeit, force majeure, en los sistemas del civil law. Si unimos todo ello a la necesidad, subrayada en reiteradas ocasiones por la doctrina, de unificar o armonizar dicho concepto en la práctica comercial internacional, donde la variedad de regulaciones y de soluciones, tanto legales como jurisprudenciales, ha llevado a la costumbre habitual de contemplarla y regularla a través de las condiciones generales de los contratos, de contratos-tipo, o de cláusulas específicas, puede ser que una vuelta a la primigenia jurisprudencia ilumine el proceso a seguir en pleno siglo XXI.
Análisis crítico de la lucha contra la morosidad en las operaciones comerciales (Ley 3/2004)
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz De Villa Daniel
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo ha obtenido el Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 2006 en la Modalidad de DERECHO CIVIL Y MERCANTIL.
Dos tradicionales problemas del tráfico comercial en España son los dilatados plazos de pago de las deudas y el incumplimiento reiterado de tales plazos por parte de los deudores. Tal situación genera que en numerosas ocasiones sean los proveedores quienes financian a sus clientes. Para intentar salvar estos problemas se aprobó la Ley 3/2004, en transposición de la Directiva 2000/35/CE. Sobre estas bases se realiza una aproximación al análisis crítico de la Ley 3/2004, a la luz de la normativa comunitaria, del Derecho comparado y de la experiencia práctica sobre su aplicación, muy escasa, hasta el momento en España. El estudio crítico efectuado comprende tanto cuestiones formales, de defectuosa ciencia de la legislación y de transposición tardía de una norma comunitaria, como sustantivas, consistentes en las múltiples dificultades que surgen en la interpretación y aplicación de la nueva normativa, aspecto este último del estudio en el que se aportan posibles soluciones a las cuestiones más conflictivas, que no son pocas. Al mismo tiempo se busca difundir el conocimiento de una ley que a los dos años de su entrada en vigor sigue siendo una gran desconocida en el cada vez más intrincado panorama normativo, no sólo por el empresariado español sino también en círculos jurídicos, como es buena muestra de ello la aún escasa aplicación que de la misma se viene haciendo por los Juzgados y Tribunales españoles.
El proyecto de Ley de Sociedades Profesionales
Authors: Bardají Muñoz Luis
Published: August 2023

La forma a través de la cual los profesionales ejercen su actividad está sufriendo importantes modificaciones en los últimos tiempos.
En efecto, frente a la figura del profesional, persona física, titular de una consulta, despacho, estudio, etc., se abre paso, cada vez con mayor intensidad, la asociación de varios profesionales, de la misma o de distintas disciplinas, que ejercen su profesión en un único local, con el fin de optimizar los recursos del personal a su servicio, reducir costes y ofrecer mejores prestaciones a sus clientes.
En estos casos, puede ocurrir que los profesionales coexistan en el local con absoluta independencia, sin solidaridad alguna entre ellos, compartiendo únicamente medios instrumentales, o bien que se asocien para ejercer su actividad, compartiendo los riesgos de la misma y participando, en la forma acordada, de sus posibles beneficios.
Las diferencias entre ambas formas de ejercicio de la profesión son notorias: en la primera, el profesional es el deudor de la prestación de servicios profesionales y el acreedor de los honorarios, que pasan a su patrimonio personal; y en la segunda, el obligado al cumplimiento es la sociedad a la que se imputan los honorarios que, como beneficios sociales, pasan a formar parte de su patrimonio al alcance de los acreedores sociales, los cuales no pueden, en principio, dirigirse directamente contra el patrimonio personal del profesional.
Adquisición de bienes y derechos por la Administración pública. Adjudicación de bienes y derechos en procedimientos penales especiales
Authors: Rodríguez López Pedro
Published: August 2023

La concepción que se tenga de la propiedad, la regulación de las facultades que la integran, las formas de titularidad que puede revestir, los modos de adquisición y de extinción, las limitaciones que pueden imponérsele, continúan siendo elementos decisivos para el entendimiento y composición de un determinado sistema socio-político y sus diversas modulaciones. El Derecho Penal se acerca al Derecho Administrativo Patrimonial cuando se trata de las consecuencias del delito, llegando a establecer una regulación sobre la adquisición de bienes y derechos por la Administración. Así, surge una forma singular de adquirir la propiedad, como es la adjudicación de bienes y derechos y, más especialmente, la adjudicación específica contemplada por normas de incidencia penal. En este punto es interesante comprender que la incidencia de un bien en la comisión de un delito es, en nuestro Derecho, un puente para determinar el cambio singular de titularidad.
Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Score Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obese Women: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Toprak Kadriye , Görpelioğlu Süleyman , Özdemir Şeyda , Özsoy Ahmet , Ayaz Aylin
Published: August 2023

Objective: Recent evidence indicates that diet-induced inflammation is related to chronical diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index, which quantifies the inflammatory burden of the diet, and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk among obese women.

Methods: This case–control study, including 40 obese cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 40 obese controls without type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged between 30 and 50, was conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 in Ankara, Turkey. The Dietary Inflammatory Index was calculated based on the food frequency questionnaire. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Linear regression model was used to estimate beta coefficients for glucose metabolism markers.

Results: Subjects with higher Dietary Inflammatory Index scores (i.e., with a more pro-inflammatory diet) had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (odds ratio = 8.57; 95% CI: 1.24, 59.44, P = .03). In addition, as a continuous variable, the Dietary Inflammatory Index scores had a significant positive relationship with insulin (β = 0.259, P = .026) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (β = 0.265, P = .015) after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusion: The present study suggests that higher Dietary Inflammatory Index scores, corresponding to more pro-inflammatory diets, were positively associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk among obese women. In addition, the Dietary Inflammatory Index scores and insulin resistance were positively related. As a result of the findings, an anti-inflammatory diet can help prevent insulin resistance and reduce the risk of diabetes.
ANALISA PEMELIHARAAN KOREKTIF PADA SYRINGE PUMP
Authors: Sitorus Tenberry , Dabukke Hotromasari , Situmorang Harold , Priyulida Fitria
Published: August 2023

Research has been carried out on the analysis of corrective maintenance on Syringe pumps. Maintenance of medical equipment is very important, which is useful for extending the service life of the equipment and ensuring the performance of the equipment to function according to its specifications. Corrective maintenance is a maintenance activity that is repairing damaged equipment with or without replacement of spare parts. This maintenance is intended to restore the damaged equipment to a usable and operational condition. The purpose of the study was to determine the of the Syringe Pump maintenance. The method used is Observational and Qualitative. The results of the research are Damaged Batteries, Soaks, Empty Alarm Sensors, Syringe Size sensors, Power Supply completely dead, the solution is after measurement and analysis. Syringe Pump found a Syringe size sensor problem that is not functioning properly, the solution is to replace the new Syringe size sensor. Syringe pump Supply is totally dead, the solution is to replace the 5 ampere fuse. Empty on the Syringe Pump is damaged, the solution is to replace the empty sensor. So the solution is to replace the battery with a new battery.
Changes and Features of Indian Diplomacy in the Context of the US Indo-Pacific Strategy
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Wang Rui , Wang Linwei
Published: August 2023

During the Trump administration (January 2017 to December 2020), the United States formulated the “Indo-Pacific Strategy” and officially established a strategic competition with China throughout the government. The strategy aimed to woo allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region and accelerate the construction and promotion of the “Quadrilateral Security Dialogue”. India, as the “world's largest democracy”, has unresolved border issues with China, making it a key target for the United States to woo, and thus forcing India to change its foreign policy. On February 11, 2022, the Biden administration introduced a new version of the “Indo-Pacific Strategy”, which further clarified the overall framework of strategic competition with China, continued to deepen the strategic setting with the prominent features of wooing allies and confronting China, emphasized the core role of the Quad and the central position of ASEAN countries, highlighted the military deterrence of the US-UKAustralia alliance, and created an “anti-China circle” in multiple fields such as biosecurity, science and technology, economic finance, and climate change. Although India is the founding country of the Non-Aligned Movement and has long relied on “independent and autonomous” foreign policy, the current new geopolitical environment where Sino-Indian relations are at a low point due to the border issue, Russia-Ukraine conflicts continue due to NATO's eastward expansion, and the rapid development of the Quad, signifies the power balance in the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean regions. This also indirectly reflects the progress of India's own “Indo-Pacific Strategy” and the implementation of the US “Indo-Pacific Strategy”, thus providing a dimension for predicting the development trend of the strategic competition between China and the US.
Exploring the Dynamics of Escalation and De-escalation in North Korea's Response to Military Exercises
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Gale Galebinge
Published: August 2023

This study explores the dynamics of escalation and de-escalation in North Korea's response to military exercises. By analyzing North Korea's strategic behavior and historical background, we found that North Korea's response to military exercises is based on various factors, such as the scale of the exercises, participating countries, exercise objectives, and international relations. Additionally, we also found that North Korea's response is often selective, sometimes responding positively to exercises and at other times resorting to threats and retaliation measures. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of North Korea's strategic calculus and dynamic response, providing better references for the international community.
The Manifestations, Causes, Impacts and Across Paths of Pan-Securitization
Authors:   Asia Social Science Academy, Zong Wei , He Haiyang
Published: August 2023

In recent years, with the decline of globalization, the rise of nationalism in the US and Western countries has become more prominent. They have adopted conservative policies under the pretext of national security, leading to the proliferation of pan-securitization. Facing various and complex security challenges, countries have attached more importance to national security. Anyway, based on the Copenhagen School’s theory of securitization, the process of securitization can result in pansecuritization, which manifests in three aspects: the worship of securitization at the initiation stage; the excessive expansion of issues at the development stage; and the difficulty of de-securitization at the post-securitization stage. On the one hand, pansecuritization can cause problems such as security capital overdraft, radical change cultivation, lack of common security perception and human rights protection impairment within a country. On the other hand, it can also cause problems such as production efficiency reduction and security dilemma induction at the international level. The causes of pan-securitization are complex, but mainly stem from the interconnection of security threats, the monopoly of speech power by agents, the centralist political form and the endogenous defects of the Copenhagen School’s securitization theory. Today, guided by the overall national security concept, national security has received unprecedented attention. In view of the pan-securitization trap that the US and Western countries have fallen into, we should take measures from three aspects: security democratization, security legalization and de-worship of securitization to avoid repeating their mistakes. Only in this way can we enhance the effectiveness of issue securitization and improve the implementation efficiency of security policies.
The Relationship Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Death Anxiety of Nurses During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Esra , MORAN Müjde , AVCI Abdullah , GÜN Meral
Published: August 2023

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and death anxiety of nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 449 nurses. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and Death Anxiety Scale.

Results: It was determined that intolerance of uncertainty and death anxiety were higher in those who have had COVID-19, have lost a loved one due to COVID-19, and have witnessed patient death due to COVID-19.

Conclusions: It was determined that the COVID-19 outbreak increased the intolerance of uncertainty and death anxiety in nurses. In this context it is recommended that nurses should be evaluated in terms of the working environment and psychological needs during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Effect of Cashless Reform on Revenue Collection Performance in Kakamega County
Authors: Mukhwaya Aberton Okoth , Ngala Consolata , Mungai Angela
Published: August 2023

Revenue is considered a key element for any state since the resources mobilized and collected are used to finance government projects and provide services to citizens. After the creation of Kakamega County due to devolution, Kakamega initiated revenue reforms in 2019 to mobilize its own source of revenue. Despite the reforms, the county is still facing challenges and massive deficits in revenue collection, which hinder its operation. The study specifically examined the effect of cashless reform on revenue collection performance in Kakamega County. Secondary data between the two periods was used, and the study chose descriptive, correlational, and causal comparative as the study designs. The data in this research was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics measured include mean, standard deviation, minima, and maxima. The Pearson correlation coefficient was also calculated. Pre-estimation diagnostic tests carried out in the study included unit root and Philip Perron tests for stationarity. Results indicated that after reforms, cashless reform had a moderately positive relationship with revenue collection performance (0.450). From regression analysis, model estimates after reforms were (t = 2.81, p<0.05) for cashless system reform. Post-estimation diagnostic tests carried out include the Breusch-Godfrey LM test, whose findings showed that there is no autocorrelation; the Variance Inflation Factors (VIF), which indicated that there was no multicollinearity; the Breusch-Pagan test, whose results and findings showed the error terms were homoscedastic; and finally, the Jarque-Bera test, which showed that residuals are regularly conveyed. Recommendations from the study were that Kakamega County should come up with modern ways of revenue collection. Additionally, the county should come up with a simplified and cost-effective system to enhance revenue collection. The study further recommended severe sanctions on tax evaders. The discoveries from research will be utilized by policymakers to enhance revenue collection within Kakamega County by increasing the revenues collected. Also, the findings will help the Kakamega County Revenue Agency (KCRA) staff gain insights on policy reforms within the county and their causal effect on revenue collection performance.
AVANÇOS RECENTES NO DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇAS DERMATOLÓGICAS: UMA ANÁLISE ATUALIZADA
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Braga de , Candia Mario Enrique Saavedra , Andrade Letícia Azevedo Prata , Quintaes Amanda Pereira , Plewka Luiza Lopes , Lopes Renata Gonçalves , Dalmáz Stéphanie Lipiarski , Bernardes Luana de Barros , Melo Ethnary Monteiro de , Arrevolti Mariana
Published: August 2023

Nos últimos anos, a dermatologia tem experimentado avanços significativos no diagnóstico e tratamento de uma variedade de doenças de pele. Esta análise atualizada destaca as inovações e abordagens que estão transformando a prática dermatológica, resultando em melhores resultados clínicos e melhorias substanciais na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Uma das principais áreas de progresso é a personalização do tratamento, onde fatores genéticos, biomarcadores e dados clínicos são considerados para criar abordagens terapêuticas sob medida para as necessidades individuais dos pacientes. Isso tem levado a resultados mais eficazes e à otimização da resposta ao tratamento. Além disso, a integração de abordagens biopsicossociais reconhece a importância da saúde mental e emocional na dermatologia, buscando abordar tanto os sintomas físicos quanto as preocupações psicossociais dos pacientes. Terapias direcionadas e imunoterapias têm revolucionado o tratamento de condições como câncer de pele e doenças autoimunes, oferecendo resultados notáveis e respostas duradouras. A incorporação de tecnologias emergentes, como a nanotecnologia na entrega de medicamentos, está permitindo uma liberação controlada e direcionada de agentes terapêuticos, melhorando a eficácia do tratamento e reduzindo efeitos colaterais indesejados. Esses avanços têm um impacto profundo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, aliviando sintomas incômodos, melhorando a autoestima e a confiança, reduzindo o estigma social e aliviando a carga emocional associada a doenças de pele. A abordagem centrada no paciente e a busca contínua por inovações estão moldando um novo cenário na dermatologia, onde os pacientes podem esperar resultados mais eficazes e uma melhoria geral em sua saúde e bem-estar. Com a colaboração contínua entre profissionais de saúde e avanços em pesquisa, a dermatologia continua a evoluir, oferecendo uma promissora esperança para um futuro mais brilhante para aqueles afetados por doenças dermatológicas.
Theoretical Derivation of Aerosol Lidar Ratio using Mie Theory for CALIOP-CALIPSO and OPAC Aerosol Models
Authors: Chipade Radhika , Pandya Mehul
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The extinction-to-backscattering ratio, popularly known as lidar (light detection and ranging) ratio of atmospheric aerosols is an important optical property, which is essential to retrieve the extinction profiles of atmospheric aerosols. Lidar satellite observations can provide the global coverage of atmospheric aerosols along with their vertical extent. NASA’s Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarisation (CALIOP) on-board Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) is the only space-based platform available so far, that provides the vertical profiles of extinction due to atmospheric aerosols. A physics-based theoretical approach is presented in the present paper that estimates lidar ratio values for CALIPSO aerosol models, which can be used as inputs to determine the extinction profiles of aerosols using CALIPSO data. The developed methodology was also qualified by comparing it with the lidar ratio values derived using AERONET datasets. Lidar ratio for CALIPSO aerosols models were estimated in the range of 38.72 sr to 85.98 sr at 532 nm whereas, at 1064 nm lidar ratio varied between 20.11 sr to 71.11 sr depending upon the aerosol type and their size distributions. Aerosols are compositions of various particles and thus the presence of water vapour in the atmosphere can affect the optical properties of the aerosols. Thus, the effect of relative humidity on lidar ratio was studied using Optical Properties of Cloud and Aerosols software tool (OPAC) aerosol models, which are the standard aerosol models against the cluster classified AERONET and CALIPSO aerosol models. Water soluble particles contribute substantially in clean continental, clean marine, tropical marine and desert aerosol models and are hygroscopic in nature. Hygroscopic sulfate particles dominate the Antarctic aerosols during summertime. In presence of relative humidity between 0–80%, the lidar ratio values were observed to decrease from 53.59 sr to 47.13 sr, 53.66 sr to 47.15 sr, 53.70 sr to 47.16 sr and 55.32 sr to 48.78 sr at 532 nm for clean continental, clean marine, tropical marine and desert aerosols respectively, whereas lidar ratio gradually increased from 47.13 sr to 51 sr, 47.15 sr to 51 sr, 47.16 sr to 51 sr and 48.78 sr to 51.68 sr respectively for these aerosol models when relative humidity was between 80–99%; due to constituent hygroscopic particles. In case of Antarctic aerosols, the lidar ratio was observed to increase from 57.73 sr to 97.64 sr due to hygroscopic sulfate particles that backscattered heavily in presence of water vapour at 532 nm. The soot particles dominate the polluted continental and polluted marine particles causing an increase in lidar ratio over corresponding clean counterpart. Similar results were observed at 1064 nm for OPAC aerosol models.
Integrated unmanned aerial vehicle platform with sensing and sampling systems for the measurement of air pollutant concentrations
Authors: Liang Chen-Wei , Shen Chang-Hung
Published: August 2023

Abstract. In this study, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform with sensing and sampling systems was developed for three-dimensional (3D) measurements of air pollutant concentrations. The sensing system of this platform contains multiple microsensors and Internet of Things devices for determining the 3D distributions of four critical air pollutants and two meteorological parameters in real time. Moreover, the sampling system comprises remote-controllable gas sampling kits, each of which contains a Tedlar bag of 1 L for the 3D measurement of volatile organic compound concentrations according to the TO-15 method of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The performance of the developed UAV platform was verified in experiments where it was used to detect air pollutant emissions from a large industrial zone in Taiwan that included a traditional industrial park, precision machinery park, and municipal waste incineration plant. Three locations were selected as field measurement sites according to the prevailing local wind direction. The vertical distributions of four critical air pollutants, ambient temperature, and relative humidity were determined from data gathered at the aforementioned sites in March and May 2023. A total of 56 and 72 chemical species were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in these two periods, respectively. The experimental results verified the feasibility of using the proposed UAV platform for accurately evaluating the air pollutant concentration distribution and transport in an industrial zone. The sampling system can be used as a sampling part of the Method To-15, thus extending the method to measure the 3D distribution of VOCs in an area. The UAV platform can serve as a useful tool in the management and decision-making process of air pollution in industrial areas.
Experiments of the efficacy of tree ring blue intensity as a climate proxy in central and western China
Authors: Zheng Yonghong , Shen Huanfeng , Abernethy Rory , Wilson Rob
Published: August 2023

Abstract. To investigate the potential value of tree ring blue intensity as a robust
climate proxy in central and western China, four species from five sites were
assessed. As well as latewood inverted blue intensity, we also examined
earlywood blue intensity. To explore the sensitivity of using different
extraction parameter settings using the software CooRecorder, seven
percentile (P) variant settings for earlywood blue intensity and latewood
inverted blue intensity were used, namely P50 : 50, P60 : 40, P70 : 30, P80 : 20,
P85 : 15, P90 : 10, and P95 : 5. Age-dependent spline was used for all, and the
positive trends were not retained. Correlation analysis was applied between
the tree ring parameter chronologies and monthly/seasonal mean temperature,
precipitation, and self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index variables.
Linear regression was also used to further highlight the potential of
developing climate reconstructions using these species. Only subtle
differences were found between the different percentile extraction variants.
As has been shown for many other Northern Hemisphere studies, latewood
inverted blue intensity expresses a strong positive relationship with
growing-season temperatures (the two southern sites explain almost 56 % of
the temperature variance when combined). However, the low latitude of these
sites shows an exciting potential for regions south of 30∘ N that are
traditionally not targeted for temperature reconstructions. Earlywood blue
intensity also shows good potential to reconstruct hydroclimate parameters
in some humid areas.
Phytoplankton Response to Increased Nickel in the Context of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Authors: Xin Xiaoke , Faucher Giulia , Riebesell Ulf
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is considered one of the most promising approaches to actively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere by accelerating the natural process of rock weathering. This approach involves introducing alkaline substances sourced from natural mineral deposits such as olivine, basalt, and carbonates or obtained from industrial waste products such as steel slags, into seawater and dispersing them over coastal areas. Some of these natural and industrial substances contain trace metals, which would be released into the oceans along with the alkalinity enhancement. The trace metals could serve as micronutrients for marine organisms at low concentrations, but could potentially become toxic at high concentrations, adversely affecting marine biota. To comprehensively assess the feasibility of OAE, it is crucial to understand how the phytoplankton, which forms the base of marine food webs, responds to ocean alkalinization and associated trace metal perturbations. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of nickel on three representative phytoplankton species across a range of Ni concentrations (from 0 to 100 µmol L-1 with 12 µmol L-1 synthetic organic ligand). The results showed that the growth of the tested species was impacted differently. The low growth inhibition and high IC50 (concentration to inhibit growth rate by 50 %) revealed that both the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae were mildly impacted by the increase in Ni concentrations while the rapid response to exposure of Ni, high growth rate inhibition, and low IC50 of Thalassiosira weissflogii indicate low tolerance to Ni in this species. In conclusion, the variability in phytoplankton sensitivity to Ni suggests that for OAE applications with Ni-rich materials caution is required and critical toxic thresholds for Ni must be avoided.
Technical note: Surface fields for global environmental modelling
Authors: Choulga Margarita , Moschini Francesca , Mazzetti Cinzia , Grimaldi Stefania , Disperati Juliana , Beck Hylke , Salamon Peter , Prudhomme Christel
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Climate change has resulted in more frequent occurrences of extreme events, such as flooding and heavy snowfall, which can have a significant impact on densely populated or industrialised areas. Numerical models are used to simulate and predict these extreme events, enabling informed decision-making and planning to minimise human casualties and protect costly infrastructure. LISFLOOD is an integrated hydrological model underpinning the European and Global Flood Awareness Systems (EFAS and GloFAS, respectively) developed by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS). The CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 dataset is a new set of high-resolution surface fields at 1 and 3 arc min (approximately 2 and 6 km at the Equator respectively) covering Europe and the global land surface (excluding Antarctica) respectively, based on a wide variety of high-resolution and up-to-date data sources. The dataset has been created together with upgrades to the open source LISFLOOD code. The set encompasses (i) catchment morphology and river network, (ii) land use, (iii) vegetation cover type and properties, (iv) soil properties, (v) lake information, and (vi) water demand. This manuscript details the complete workflow to generate CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 fields, including data sources and methodology. The use of these fields is expected to significantly improve accuracy, detail, and realism of LISFLOOD simulations. CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 can also be used as input for other Earth system models or for carrying out general statistical analyses across various spatial scales, ranging from global and regional to local levels.
Investigation of observed dust trends over the Middle East region in NASA GEOS Earth system model simulations
Authors: Rocha-Lima Adriana , Colarco Peter R. , Darmenov Anton S. , Nowottnick Edward P. , da Silva Arlindo M. , Oman Luke D.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Satellite observations and ground-based measurements have indicated a high variability in the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) in the Middle East region in recent decades. In the period that extends from 2003 to 2012, observations show a positive trend of 0.01–0.04 AOD per year or a total increase of 0.1–0.4 per decade. This study aimed to investigate if the observed trend was also captured by the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Earth system model. To this end, we examined changes in the simulated dust emissions and dust AOD during this period. To understand the factors driving the increase of AOD in this region we also examined meteorological and surface parameters important for dust emissions, such as wind fields and soil moisture. Two GEOS model simulations were used in this study: the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) Reanalysis (with meteorological and aerosol AOD data assimilated) and MERRA-2 GMI Replay (with meteorology constrained by MERRA-2 Reanalysis, but without aerosol assimilation). We did not find notable changes in the modeled 10-meter wind speed and soil moisture. However, analysis of MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, did show an average decrease of 8 % per year in the region encompassing Syria and Iraq, which prompted us to quantify the effects of vegetation on dust emissions and AOD in the Middle East region. This was done by performing a sensitivity experiment in which we enhanced dust emissions in grid cells where NDVI decreased. The simulation results supported our hypothesis that the loss of vegetation cover and the associated increase of dust emissions over Syria and Iraq can partially explain the increase of AOD downwind. The model simulations indicated dust emissions need to be tenfold larger in those grid cells in order to reproduce the observed AOD and trend in the model.
Scaling Artificial Heat Islands to Enhance Precipitation in Arid Regions
Authors: Branch Oliver , Jach Lisa , Schwitalla Thomas , Warrach-Sagi Kirsten , Wulfmeyer Volker
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Potential for regional climate engineering is gaining interest as a means of solving regional environmental problems like water scarcity and high temperatures. In the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates (UAE), water scarcity is reaching crisis point due to high consumption and over-extraction, and is exacerbated further with climate change. To counteract this problem, the UAE has conducted cloud seeding operations and intensive desalination for many years, but is now considering other means of increasing water resources. Very large ‘Artificial Black Surfaces’ (ABS), made of black mesh/black painted/solar PV panels have been proposed as a means of enhancing convective precipitation, via surface heating and amplification of vertical motion. Under the influence of the daily UAE sea breeze, this can lead to convection initiation under the right conditions. Currently it is not known how strong this rainfall enhancement would be, nor what scale of black surface would need to be employed. This study simulates the impacts at different ABS scales using the WRF-NoahMP model chain and investigates impacts on precipitation quantities and underlying convective processes. Simulations of five square ABS of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 km sizes were made on four one-day cases over a 24-hour period. These were compared with a Control model run, with no land use change, to quantify impacts. The ABS themselves were simulated by altering land cover static data, and prescribing a unique set of land surface parameters like albedo and roughness length. On all four days, rainfall is enhanced by low-albedo surfaces of 20 km or larger, primarily through a reduction of convection inhibition and production of convergence lines and buoyant updrafts. The 10 km square ABS had very little impact. From 20 km upwards there is a strong scale-dependency, with ABS size influencing the strength of convective processes and volume of rainfall. In terms of rainfall increases, the 20 km produces a mean rainfall increase, over the Control simulation, of 571,616 m3 day-1, 30 km (~1 mil. m3 day-1), 40 km (~1.5 mil. m3 day-1), and 50 km (~ 2.3 mil. m3 day-1). If we assume that such rainfall events happen only in 10 days in a year, this would equate to respective annual water supplies for >31,000, >50,000, >79,000, and >125,000 extra people yr-1, at UAE per capita consumption rates. Thus, artificial heat islands made from black panels or solar PV offer a means of enhancing rainfall in arid regions like the UAE, and should be made a high priority for further research.
Large ensemble assessment of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex
Authors: Kuchar Ales , Öhlert Maurice , Eichinger Roland , Jacobi Christoph
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) is a phenomenon comprising strong westerly winds during winter in both hemispheres. Especially in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) the SPV is highly variable and is frequently disrupted by sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs). SPV dynamics are relevant because of both ozone chemistry and its impact on tropospheric dynamics. In this study, we evaluate the capability of climate models to simulate the NH SPV by comparing large ensembles of historical simulations to the ERA5 reanalysis data. For this, we analyze geometric-based diagnostics at 3 pressure levels that describe SPV morphology. Moreover, we assess the ability of the models to simulate SSWs subdivided into SPV split and displacement events. A rank histogram analysis reveals that no model exactly reproduces ERA5 in all diagnostics at all levels. Concerning SPV aspect ratio and centroid latitude, most models are biased to some extent, but the strongest deviations can be found for the kurtosis. Some models underestimate the variability of the SPV area. Assessing the reliability of the ensembles in distinguishing SPV displacement and split events, we find large differences between the model ensembles. In general, SPV displacements are represented better than splits in the simulation ensembles, and high-top models and models with finer vertical resolution perform better. A good performance in representing the geometric-based diagnostics in rank histograms is found to be not necessarily connected to a good performance in simulating displacements and splits. Understanding the biases and improving the representation of SPV dynamics in climate model simulations can help to improve credibility of climate projections, in particular with focus on polar stratospheric dynamics and ozone.
Modeling seasonal-to-decadal ocean-cryosphere interactions along the Sabrina Coast, East Antarctica
Authors: Kusahara Kazuya , Hirano Daisuke , Fujii Masakazu , Fraser Alexander , Tamura Takeshi , Mizobata Kohei , Williams Guy , Aoki Shigeru
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The Totten Ice Shelf (TIS) and Moscow University Ice Shelf (MUIS), along the Sabrina Coast of Wilkes Land, are the floating seaward terminuses of the second-largest freshwater reservoir in the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Being a marine ice sheet, it is vulnerable to the surrounding ocean conditions. Recent comprehensive oceanographic observations, including bathymetric measurements off the Sabrina Coast, have shed light on the widespread intrusion of warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) onto the continental shelf and the intense ice-ocean interaction beneath the TIS. However, the spatiotemporal coverage of the observation is very limited. Here, we use an ocean–sea ice–ice shelf model with updated bathymetry to better understand the regional ocean circulations and ocean-cryosphere interactions. The model successfully captured the widespread intrusions of mCDW, local sea-ice production and the ocean heat and volume transports into the TIS cavity, facilitating an examination of the overturning ocean circulation within the cavities and the resultant ice-shelf basal melting. We found notable differences in the temporal variability of ice-shelf basal melting across the two adjacent ice shelves of the TIS and the western part of the MUIS. Ocean heat transport by mCDW controls the low-frequency interannual-to-decadal variability in ice-ocean interactions, but the sea-ice production in the Dalton Polynya strongly modifies the signals, explaining the regional difference between the two ice shelves. The formation of a summertime eastward-flowing undercurrent beneath the westward-flowing Antarctic Slope Current is found to play an important role in the seasonal delivery of ocean heat to the continental shelf.
Research Productivity of Prof. Sunilkumar S. Manvi: A Scientometric Portrait
Authors: Vasantha B. , Sangeetha M.
Published: August 2023

This paper attempts to scrutinise the publication productivity of Prof. Sunilkumar S. Manvi, Dean of Engineering and Technology at REVA University, Bengaluru, by data obtained from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. In a total of 24 productive years (1999–2022), he has 292 publications (September 2022), and the highest number of documents was published in the year 2011 with 33 publications. His publications were analysed by types of document, year-wise distribution, distribution of articles in different domains, citation productivity, authorship pattern, measure of collaborations, collaboration indices, most prolific journals with number publication, highly cited articles, and citations during the study period of 1999-2022. As per collaboration indices, his highest Collaborative Coefficient is 0.67, MCC is 1.00 in the year 1999 and 2000 respectively. The highest Degree of Collaboration is 1.00, Collaborative Index is 3.11 in the year 2007. He published 98 documents during the period of 2009–2013. His major contributions to the field of Computer Science and Engineering are numerous.