bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal immunization against myostatin suppresses post-hatch chicken growth
Authors: Mishra Rajeev , Jha Rajesh , Mishra Birendra , Kim Yong Soo
Published: October 2022

Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, thus it was hypothesized that immunization of hens against MSTN would enhance post-hatch growth and muscle mass via suppression of MSTN activity by anti-MSTN IgY in fertilized eggs. This study investigated the effects of immunization of hens against chicken MSTN (chMSTN) or a MSTN fragment (Myo2) on the growth and muscle mass of offspring. In Experiment 1, hens mixed with roosters were divided into two groups and hens in the Control and chMSTN groups were immunized with 0 and 0.5 mg of chMSTN, respectively. In Experiment 2, hens in the chMSTN group were divided into chMSTN and Myo2 groups while the Control group remained the same. The Control and chMSTN groups were immunized in the same way as Experiment 1. The Myo2 group was immunized against MSTN peptide fragment (Myo2) conjugated to KLH. Eggs collected from each group were incubated, and chicks were reared to examine growth and carcass parameters. ELISA showed the production of IgYs against chMSTN and Myo2 and the presence of these antibodies in egg yolk. IgY from the chMSTN and Myo2 groups showed binding affinity to chMSTN, Myo2, and commercial MSTN in Western blot analysis but did not show MSTN-inhibitory capacity in a reporter gene assay. In Experiment 1, no difference was observed in the body weight and carcass parameters of offspring between the Control and chMSTN groups. In Experiment 2, the body weight of chicks from the Myo2 group was significantly lower than that of the Control or chMSTN groups. The dressing percentage and breast muscle mass of the chMSTN and Myo2 groups were significantly lower than those of the Control group, and the breast muscle mass of Myo2 was significantly lower than that of the chMSTN. In summary, in contrast to our hypothesis, maternal immunization of hens did not increase but decreased the body weight and muscle mass of offspring.
Positive ground state of coupled planar systems of nonlinear
Schrödinger equations with critical exponential growth
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhang Xinghua
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we prove the existence of a positive ground state
solution to the following coupled system involving nonlinear Schrödinger
equations:

{

−
Δ
u
+

V
1

(
x
)
u
=

f
1

(
x
,
u
)
+
λ
(
x
)
v
,

x
∈

R

2

,

−
Δ
v
+

V
2

(
x
)
v
=

f
2

(
x
,
v
)
+
λ
(
x
)
u
,

x
∈

R

2

,

where
λ
,

V
1

,

V
2

∈
C
(

R

2

,
(
0
,
+
∞
)
)

and

V
1

(
x
)
have
critical exponential growth in the sense of Trudinger–Moser inequality. The
potentials

V
1

(
x
)
and

V
2

(
x
)
satisfy a condition involving the
coupling term
λ
(
x
)
, namely
0
<
λ
(
x
)
≤

λ
0

V
1

(
x
)

V
2

(
x
)

. We use non-Nehari
manifold, Lions's concentration compactness and strong maximum principle to
get a positive ground state solution. Moreover, by using a bootstrap
regularity lifting argument and

L
q

-estimates we get regularity and
asymptotic behavior. Our results improve and extend the previous results.
Ground states solutions for some non-autonomous
Schrödinger-Bopp-Podolsky system
Authors: Jia Chun-Rong , Li Lin , Chen Shang-Jie
Published: October 2022

In this paper we study the existence of ground states solutions for
non-autonomous Schrödinger–Bopp–Podolsky system

{

−
Δ
u
+
u
+
λ
K
(
x
)
ϕ
u
=
b
(
x
)

|

u

|

p
−
2

u

in
 

R

3

,

−
Δ
ϕ
+

a
2

Δ
2

ϕ
=
4
π
K
(
x
)

u

2

in
 

R

3

,

where

λ
>
0
,
2
<
p
≤
4
and both
K
(
x
)
and
b
(
x
)
are nonnegative
functions in

R

3

. Assuming that

lim

|

x

|
→
+
∞

K
(
x
)
=

K
∞

>
0
and

lim

|

x

|
→
+
∞

b
(
x
)
=

b
∞

>
0
and satisfying suitable assumptions, but not
requiring any symmetry property on them. We show that the existence of a
positive solution depends on the parameters
λ
and
p
. We also
establish the existence of ground state solutions for the case

3.18
≈

1
+

73

3

<
p
≤

4

.
Usos ideológico e político da categoria gênero
Authors: Castro Ana Laura da Silva , Silvério Leandra Domingues
Published: October 2022

No artigo, analisamos o processo de aprovação da Emenda n. 83/2015 à Lei Orgânica do Município de Uberaba-MG, cujo dispositivo visou impedir a aplicação de temáticas diversas e possíveis relacionadas à categoria gênero nas escolas municipais. Privilegiamos a análise de diferentes fontes articuladas à bibliografia atualizada do tema.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Educação. História. Uberaba-MG.
Gênero nas representações sociais de estudantes de pedagogia sobre identidade profissional e trabalho pedagógico
Authors: Ferreira Rafaela Maria e Silva , Carvalho Maria Eulina Pessoa de , Vannuchi Maria Lúcia
Published: October 2022

Considerando que o curso de Pedagogia hoje se apresenta feminilizado e feminizado, objetivou-se explorar como o gênero configura as representações sociais da identidade profissional de seu alunado. Na pesquisa quanti-qualitativa utilizou-se a técnica de survey em formato de questionário aberto proposto por Ioannis Tsoukalas, respondido por 47 estudantes pré-concluintes do curso de Pedagogia do Campus I da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Com base na abordagem estrutural das representações sociais, percebeu-se que o gênero atua como elemento constituído e constituinte de representações sociais organizadas em torno do ensino como núcleo central, corroborando a feminilização e feminização do magistério. Contudo, ao se ampliar a concepção de docência para incluir outras funções do/a pedagogo/a, consoante as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Pedagogia (DCNP), observou-se que as mulheres representam a docência associada à gestão e os homens à pesquisa. Evidenciam-se, assim, transformações nas representações sociais, com as mulheres assumindo a gestão como espaço de exercício do poder na configuração de sua identidade profissional; e permanências com o deslocamento das pretensões masculinas à atividade da pesquisa, com maior prestígio em relação à gestão escolar. A pesquisa foi financiada pelo CNPq e Capes.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Representações Sociais. Pedagogia. Identidade Profissional
As narrativas da “ideologia de gênero” nas mídias sociais e na imprensa
Authors: Railane Kerzia , Alvarenga Elda , Silva Erineusa Maria da
Published: October 2022

Esta pesquisa realiza um amplo levantamento de reportagens e notícias que abor-dam as temáticas gênero, diversidade sexual e a denominada “ideologia de gênero”, nas mídias sociais e na imprensa brasileira e do Espírito Santo entre os anos de 2014 e 2020. Foram analisadas 208 reportagens e notícias. A pesquisa tem como base teórica os estudos feministas e de gênero, pautados na perspectiva metodoló-gica indiciária de Ginzburg.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero e Educação. Estudos de Gênero. Ideologia de Gênero. Mídias Sociais e Imprensa.
Cultura do estupro, ideologia e mídia
Authors: Wurdig Karoline Kuhn , Roso Adriane Rubio , Souza Janine Gudolle de
Published: October 2022

Tivemos como objetivo compreender como a mídia online constrói sentidos acerca da violência sexual contra as mulheres, identificando possíveis estratégias ideológicas que podem estar reforçando a cultura do estupro. Empregando a Hermenêutica de Profundidade, analisamos reportagens de um jornal da região sul do Brasil envolvendo estupros de mulheres adultas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mídia. Estupro. Ideologia. Representações sociais.
Vivências marcadas pela transfobia
Authors: Jesus Náila Neves de , Radl-Philipp Rita Maria
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho analisou as narrativas de mulheres trans e travestis a respeito das violências vivenciadas em seu cotidiano, a partir da teoria da memória coletiva, e pode inferir que as experiências vividas nos diversos espaços sociais são reconstruídas a partir de marcos sociais da memória pautados na cisheteronormatividade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Violência. Discriminação. Mulheres trans. Travestis. Memória coletiva.
El Patriarcado al Desnudo
Authors: Gonçalves Mariana Ferreira , Ferreira Simone Pereira
Published: October 2022

CURIEL, Ochy; FALQUET, Jules (Org.). El Patriarcado al Desnudo: tres feministas materialistas. Buenos Aires: Brecha Lésbica, 2005
“Os homens falam alto e eles te atropelam”
Authors: Rabay Glória , Bezerra Camila de Lima
Published: October 2022

O jornalismo político guarda as marcas históricas da exclusão feminina da política e do jornalismo. Este trabalho aponta os desafios das mulheres neste campo de atuação em João Pessoa, Paraíba. Através de cinco entrevistas, mostra as desigualdades vividas e a necessidade de mudanças.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Relações de Gênero. Jornalismo Político. Gênero e Trabalho.
Gênero, raça e classe na reforma da previdência
Authors: Silva Ariane Mantovan da , Silva Sidney Jard da
Published: October 2022

O artigo analisa a proposta de equiparação da idade e de tempo mínimo de contribuição nas aposentadorias entre homens e mulheres na reforma da previdência do governo Jair Messias Bolsonaro (2019-) por meio de um recorte interseccional na interpretação do princípio constitucional da igualdade. O problema de pesquisa é analisar como as políticas previdenciárias de cunho neoliberal reforçam e aprofundam as desigualdades de classe, gênero e raça existentes no mercado de trabalho.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Reforma da previdência. Aposentadoria da mulher. Princípio da igualdade. Divisão sexual do trabalho. Interseccionalidade.
Reimagining Blighty
Authors: Callaghan Siobhán
Published: October 2022

This article examines the relationship between aesthetics and pedagogy in two recent historical novels for children about the British Home Front during the Second World War: Letters from the Lighthouse (2017) by Emma Carroll and Our Castle by the Sea (2019) by Lucy Strange. It argues that the representation of civilian life during the war in both novels is conditioned by recent socio-political events in Britain, namely, the recurrent appropriation of the wartime past in support of nationalist and anti-immigration rhetoric. The texts discussed in this article seek to counter this narrative, foregrounding immigration as a vital part of Britain’s wartime past. Drawing upon historical fiction studies and cultural analysis, the article begins with an exploration of the aesthetic treatment of wartime Britain in the texts more broadly, arguing that Letters from the Lighthouse participates in and subverts idealised visions of the Home Front, while Our Castle by the Sea rejects nostalgia entirely. I conclude my discussion with an examination of the use of the wartime spy story as an aesthetic template for exploring concepts of xenophobia and prejudice in the two novels. Ultimately, this article contends that literary aesthetics perform a pedagogic function in both texts, presenting the contribution of immigrants and refugees as crucial to the story of the Britain Home Front.
The Self-Possessed Girl in Golden Age Girls’ Books
Authors: Pfeiffer Julie , Schumm Darla
Published: October 2022

This article explores the meanings of girls’ silence in three popular late nineteenth-/early twentieth-century novels: Susan Coolidge’s What Katy Did (1872), Johanna Spyri’s Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre (Heidi, 1880), and L.M. Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables (1908). These three classics of girls’ fiction are international bestsellers; all three novels are available in Nordic languages as well as their original English or German. Often read as taming narratives in which wild girls are forcibly shaped into compliant young women, these texts allow us to see how the girls’ book has struggled with conformity and agency since its beginnings. As influential early girls’ books, these novels help us disentangle the patterns early examples of the genre offer us as twenty-first-century readers and critics. Though a girl’s silence can indicate trauma and social repression (as we see in What Katy Did and Heidi), withholding speech can be a voluntary decision that girls make for themselves (as in Anne of Green Gables). In this article, we draw on disability theory to propose a model for thinking about the distinction between silence and silencing. While silence can be a form of repression, paralyzing the thoughts as physical injury paralyzes the body, it is also linked to prayer and the concept of self-possession. Silence is not always a marker of the loss of voice or physical autonomy; by appealing to the idea of self-possession, we can move beyond a dichotomy of speech as positive and silence as negative.
QTc interval and ventricular action potential prolongation in the Mecp2Null/+ murine model of Rett syndrome
Authors: Cheng Hongwei , Charles Ian , James Andrew F. , Abdala Ana P. , Hancox Jules C.
Published: October 2022

Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a congenital, X‐chromosome‐linked developmental disorder characterized by developmental delay, dysautonomia, and breathing irregularities. RTT is also associated with sudden death and QT intervals are prolonged in some RTT patients. Most individuals with RTT have mutations in the MECP2 gene. Whilst there is some evidence for QT prolongation in mouse models of RTT, there is comparatively little information on how loss of Mecp2 function affects ventricular action potentials (APs) and, to‐date, none on ventricular APs from female RTT mice. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to determine ECG and ventricular AP characteristics of Mecp2Null/+ female mice. ECG recordings from 12–13 month old female Mecp2Null/+ mice showed prolonged rate corrected QT (QTc) intervals compared to wild‐type (WT) controls. Although Mecp2Null/+ animals exhibited longer periods of apnoea than did controls, no correlation between apnoea length and QTc interval was observed. Action potentials (APs) from Mecp2Null/+ myocytes had longer APD90 values than those from WT myocytes and showed augmented triangulation. Application of the investigational INa,Late inhibitor GS‐6615 (eleclazine; 10 μM) reduced both APD90 and AP triangulation in Mecp2Null/+ and WT myocytes. These results constitute the first direct demonstration of delayed repolarization in Mecp2Null/+ myocytes and provide further evidence that GS‐6615 may have potential as an intervention against QT prolongation in RTT.
Probing cellular health at the muscle level—Multi‐frequency bioimpedance in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Celicanin Marko , Harrison Adrian Paul , Olsen Jack Kvistgaard , Korbo Lise , Løkkegaard Annemette , Petersen Charlotte Bjerg , Danneskiold‐Samsøe Bente , Siebner Hartwig Roman , Ilic Tihomir , Bartels Else Marie
Published: October 2022

Bioimpedance (mfBIA) non‐invasively assesses cellular muscle health. Our aim was to explore whether mfBIA captures abnormal cellular muscle health in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) and how such changes are modulated with the use of Parkinson's medication. In patients with PD (n = 20) mfBIA measurements were made of biceps brachii, triceps, and extensor carpi radialis longus muscles of the more affected arm whilst at rest, using a mobile mfBIA device (IMPEDIMED, Australia). mfBIA and assessment of motor symptoms were performed in a pragmatic off‐medication state, as well as one and 3 h after oral intake of 200 mg levodopa. Age and sex‐matched healthy subjects (HC; n = 20) served as controls. PD and HC mfBIA parameters were compared by applying an unpaired two‐tailed adjusted t‐test and ANOVA with Tukey's correction for multiple comparisons (p ≤ 0.05). The PD group consisted of 13 men (71 ± 17 years) and 7 women (65 ± 7 years). Independent of medication, internal (Ri) and external resistance (Re) were found to be significantly higher, and membrane capacitance (Mc) significantly lower, in m.biceps brachii in PD subjects compared to HC. Center frequency (fc) was significantly higher in m.biceps brachii of PD subjects in the “medication‐off” state. There was no difference between PD and HC in mfBIA parameters in the measured extensor muscles. The upper limb flexor muscle shows a difference in mfBIA parameters in PD compared to HC. mfBIA may be useful in the diagnosis and assessment of PD patients and is objective, non‐invasive, reliable, and easy to use.
Role of macrophages during skeletal muscle regeneration and hypertrophy—Implications for immunomodulatory strategies
Authors: Bernard Clara , Zavoriti Aliki , Pucelle Quentin , Chazaud Bénédicte , Gondin Julien
Published: October 2022

Skeletal muscle is a plastic tissue that regenerates ad integrum after injury and adapts to raise mechanical loading/contractile activity by increasing its mass and/or myofiber size, a phenomenon commonly refers to as skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Both muscle regeneration and hypertrophy rely on the interactions between muscle stem cells and their neighborhood, which include inflammatory cells, and particularly macrophages. This review first summarizes the role of macrophages in muscle regeneration in various animal models of injury and in response to exercise‐induced muscle damage in humans. Then, the potential contribution of macrophages to skeletal muscle hypertrophy is discussed on the basis of both animal and human experiments. We also present a brief comparative analysis of the role of macrophages during muscle regeneration versus hypertrophy. Finally, we summarize the current knowledge on the impact of different immunomodulatory strategies, such as heat therapy, cooling, massage, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and resolvins, on skeletal muscle regeneration and their potential impact on muscle hypertrophy.
Serotonin‐deficient neonatal mice are not protected against the development of experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia or pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Roberts Danielle S. , Sherlock Laura G. , Posey Janelle N. , Archambault Jamie L. , Nozik Eva S. , Delaney Cassidy A.
Published: October 2022

Serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT) is a potent pulmonary vasoconstrictor and contributes to high pulmonary vascular resistance in the developing ovine lung. In experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary expression of tryptophan hydroxylase‐1 (TPH1), the rate limiting enzyme in 5‐HT synthesis, and plasma 5‐HT are increased. 5‐HT blockade increases pulmonary blood flow and prevents pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH in neonatal models of PH with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We hypothesized that neonatal tph1 knock‐out (KO) mice would be protected from hypoxia‐induced alveolar simplification, decreased vessel density, and PH. Newborn wild‐type (WT) and tph1 KO mice were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia for 2 weeks. Normoxic WT and KO mice exhibited similar alveolar development, pulmonary vascular density, right ventricular systolic pressures (RVSPs), and right heart size. Circulating (plasma and platelet) 5‐HT decreased in both hypoxia‐exposed WT and KO mice. Tph1 KO mice were not protected from hypoxia‐induced alveolar simplification, decreased pulmonary vascular density, or right ventricular hypertrophy, but displayed attenuation to hypoxia‐induced RVSP elevation compared with WT mice. Tph1 KO neonatal mice are not protected against hypoxia‐induced alveolar simplification, reduction in pulmonary vessel density, or RVH. While genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of tph1 has protective effects in adult models of PH, our results suggest that tph1 inhibition would not be beneficial in neonates with PH associated with BPD.
Equivalence between a time-fractional and an integer-order gradient flow: The memory effect reflected in the energy
Authors: Fritz Marvin , Khristenko Ustim , Wohlmuth Barbara
Published: October 2022

Time-fractional partial differential equations are nonlocal-in-time and show an innate memory effect. Previously, examples like the time-fractional Cahn-Hilliard and Fokker-Planck equations have been studied. In this work, we propose a general framework of time-fractional gradient flows and we provide a rigorous analysis of well-posedness using the Faedo-Galerkin approach. Furthermore, we investigate the monotonicity of the energy functional of time-fractional gradient flows. Interestingly, it is still an open problem whether the energy is dissipating in time. This property is essential for integer-order gradient flows and many numerical schemes exploit this steepest descent characterization. We propose an augmented energy functional, which includes the history of the solution. Based on this new energy, we prove the equivalence of a time-fractional gradient flow to an integer-order one. This correlation guarantees the dissipating character of the augmented energy. The state function of the integer-order gradient flow acts on an extended domain similar to the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension for the fractional Laplacian. Additionally, we present a numerical scheme for solving time-fractional gradient flows, which is based on kernel compressing methods and reduces the problem to a system of ordinary differential equations. We illustrate the behavior of the original and augmented energy in the case of the Ginzburg-Landau energy.
A Liouville theorem for the Hénon-Lane-Emden system in four and five dimensions
Authors: Li Hang
Published: October 2022

In the present article, we investigate the following Hénon-Lane-Emden elliptic system:

−
Δ
u
=

∣

x

∣

a

v

p

,

x
∈

R

N

,

−
Δ
v
=

∣

x

∣

b

u

q

,

x
∈

R

N

,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u={| x| }^{a}{v}^{p},& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\\ -\Delta v={| x| }^{b}{u}^{q},& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\end{array}\right.

where

N
≥
2

N\ge 2

,

p

p

,

q
>
0

q\gt 0

,

a

a

,

b
∈
R

b\in {\mathbb{R}}

. We partially prove the Hénon-Lane-Emden conjecture in the case of four and five dimensions. More specifically, we show that there is no nonnegative nontrivial classical solution for the Hénon-Lane-Emden elliptic system when

a

a

,

b
>
−
2

b\gt -2

and the parameter pair (

p
,
q

p,q

) meets

p
q
>
1
,

N
+
a

p
+
1

+

N
+
b

q
+
1

>
N
−
2
,

pq\gt 1,\hspace{1.0em}\frac{N+a}{p+1}+\frac{N+b}{q+1}\gt N-2,

and additionally

p
,
q
<
4

/

3

p,q\lt 4\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}3

if

N
=
4

N=4

or

p
,
q
<
10

/

9

p,q\lt 10\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}9

if

N
=
5

N=5

.
Personal Identity and European Contract Law
Authors: Resta Giorgio
Published: October 2022

This paper is aimed at illustrating how the traditional idea of “inalienability” of personality rights has been reshaped and transformed by the increasing commodification of corporeal and incorporeal components of identity. Three different legal regimes have recently emerged in Europe: market-inalienability with regard to body rights; limited inalienability rules with regard to personal data; modified contract law applicable to incorporeal components of identity – such as name or likeness – having commercial value. The objective of this paper is to describe each of these models and provide a contribution both to the theory of inalienability and of contract law.
Optimization of microwave-assisted synthesis process for water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate from urea phosphate and urea
Authors: Yu Mengmeng , Tang Jianwei , Li Cuili , Liu Xu , Liu Yong , Hua Quanxian , Liu Pengfei , Zhao Nan , Shen Bo , Ding Junxiang , Wang Baoming
Published: October 2022

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is rich in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which is a raw material for the high-efficiency water-soluble fertilizer production. In this work, the water-soluble APP was directly synthesized using commercial grade-urea phosphate and urea in a microwave reactor. The effects of the molar ratio of urea to phosphate urea (UP), microwave power and reaction time on the quality of APP were also studied. Single-factor experiments indicate that with the optimal conditions: the molar ratio of 0.4, the microwave power of 720 W, and the reaction time of 9 min, the average polymerization degree of APP was 18.91, and the solubility was 6.31 g/100 g H2O. Orthogonal experiment indicates that the order of significant factors for APP production is molar ratio > reaction time > microwave power. Based on the results of the range analysis and analysis of variance, the optimized conditions were found at the molar ratio of 0.6, the microwave power of 720 W, and the reaction time of 9 min, the average polymerization degree of the APP was 21.7 and the solubility was 6.03 g/100 g H2O at 25 °C. The TGA analysis showed that the synthesized APP had a good thermal stability. Its XRD spectrum was the same as the crystalline form I.
Higher order codimension bifurcations in a discrete-time toxic-phytoplankton–zooplankton model with Allee effect
Authors: Salman Sanaa Moussa , Elsadany Abdelalim A.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we use new methods to investigate different bifurcations of fixed points in a discrete-time toxic-phytoplankton–zooplankton model with Allee effect. The nonstandard discretization scheme produces a discrete analog of the continuous-time toxic-phytoplankton–zooplankton model with Allee effect. The local stability for proposed system around all of its fixed points is derived. We obtain the codimension-1 conditions of various bifurcations such as period doubling and Neimark–Sacker. Moreover, the system produces codimension-2 bifurcations such as resonance 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. Furthermore, the system can produce very rich dynamics, such as the existence of a semi-stable limit cycle, multiple coexisting periodic orbits, and chaotic behavior. Theoretical analysis is validated by numerical methods.
Ground state solutions of Schrödinger system with fractionalp-Laplacian
Authors: Qiao Yan , Chen Fangqi , An Yukun
Published: October 2022

This article deals with a class of nonlinear fractionalp-Laplacian Schrö$\ddot{o}$dinger coupled system with critical and subcritical nonlinear terms. Firstly, the existence of a nonnegative ground state solution of the system is proved by the Nehari manifold method and the Ekeland’s variational principle. In addition, through the Ljusternik–Schnirelmann theory, we link the number of solutions to the topology of the set in which the potentials in the system reach their minimum values.
Low-velocity single and repeated impact behavior of 3D printed honeycomb cellular panels
Authors: Acar Yavuz Gizem , Gören Kıral Binnur , Hızarcı Berkan , Kıral Zeki
Published: October 2022

In this study, low velocity single and repeated impact behaviors of 3D printed curved honeycomb cellular panels that can be used for impact protection are investigated. The energy absorbing capacity of the 3D printed honeycomb curved panels is predicted by evaluating the results. In addition, the changes in the fundamental free vibration frequencies of the panels subjected to impact are examined to have an idea about the presence of the damage. The effect of curvature on the damage mechanisms of 3D printed honeycomb panels is studied by examining the contact force–deformation curves, energy profile diagrams, and SEM images. The experimental results indicate that the radius of curvature of the cellular panels highly affects the impact and free vibration behavior, and the change in the natural frequency due to the impact damage is more considerable for ABS than PLA.
Influence of illuminance on indication detectability during visual testing
Authors: Blankschän Michel , Kanzler Daniel , Bertovic Marija , Rosenthal Martina , Liebich Robert
Published: October 2022

Visually detecting irregularities on components is a complex process, influenced by physical, technical, and human factors. Current standards mainly focus on illuminance, demanding highest accuracy for it, without providing scientific justification. In this research, 63 inspectors visually inspected forgings, with and without crack-like indications. The influence of illuminance on probability of detection was investigated. Therefore, illuminance was varied in three steps (200 lx, 350 lx, 500 lx). Human factors (e.g., experience, motivation) were recorded by using questionnaires. The results show no significant difference in probability of detection between the three illuminance levels. Equal probability of detection rates could be achieved at illuminances below and at the required threshold (500 lx). A difference in illuminance was found between the measurement point and the test area of the respective participant. This leads to higher assumed illuminance than present on the component. Compared with the measurement accuracy of the used illuminance meter, none of these deviations could be used to explain the similar results at different illuminance. The fact that illuminance has a significant influence in detecting indications has been disproven for this case. Whether human factors can provide explanation for the results remains unclear. This will be investigated in further research.
Homogenization effect on precipitation kinetics and mechanical properties of an extruded AA7050 alloy
Authors: Atapek Ş. Hakan , Eker İrfan , Kahrıman Fulya , Polat Şeyda
Published: October 2022

In this study, effect of homogenization on precipitation kinetics and mechanical properties during aging in AA7050 alloy was investigated. The billet material produced by direct chill method was homogenized at 470 °C for 12–20 h and then extruded to form T-profile. The electrical conductivity of the alloy aged at 120 and 185 °C for 0–36 h were measured and precipitation kinetics were calculated based on the relationship between increased electrical conductivity and amount of precipitates during aging. Time dependent precipitation fraction change curves using Avrami equations revealed that precipitation accelerated as the homogenization time increased due to increased nucleation and growth rates of precipitates. Peak hardness values in aging were reached depending on the increase in homogenization time, however, lower peak hardness (∼185 HV) was determined at 185 °C aging compared to the obtained ones (195–197 HV) at 120 °C aging. Depending on the increase in homogenization time, an increase trend in strength was detected in peak aged alloys. The application of longer time homogenization and subsequent aging caused an increase in strengths. The studied homogenization and aging conditions could be a useful guide for achieving the highest strength and ideal elongation values in commercial practice for the AA7050 alloy.
Small-Strain Characteristics of Reconstituted Soils: The Effect of Slurry Water Content and Fabric Anisotropy
Authors: Mahmood Nabeel S. , Salazar Sean E. , Coffman Richard A.
Published: October 2022

Determination of small-strain properties of soils is essential for many geotechnical applications. Reconstituted specimens have conveniently been used to characterize small-strain properties of cohesive soils in the laboratory. In this study, the influence of slurry water content (ws) and fabric anisotropy on the small-strain properties of reconstituted kaolinite and illite specimens was investigated. Bender elements were employed, within triaxial testing equipment, to obtain vertically propagated, horizontally polarized, shear wave velocity measurements and corresponding shear moduli during the consolidation stage of undrained triaxial compression tests. The soils were initially prepared at water content values of one and one-half (1.5×) and three (3×) times the respective liquid limit for each soil type. The shear wave velocity and shear modulus data were normalized to the void index by following a procedure that was similar to procedures that have previously been used to normalize compression and undrained shear strength data. Unique “intrinsic” relationships for shear wave velocity or shear modulus, independent of soil fabric, were not observed during this study. Inherent fabric anisotropy was also assessed by comparing the aforementioned triaxial shear wave velocity data to measurements of horizontally propagated, vertically polarized, shear wave velocity that were obtained by utilizing bender elements within a consolidation device. The amount of fabric anisotropy was dissimilar and the characteristics of the cross-anisotropic fabric were not observed for the specimens. The amount of inherent fabric anisotropy (Vs,HV/Vs,VH) ranged from 0.63 to 0.97 for the kaolinite and illite specimens with ws values of 1.5× the liquid limit and ranged from 1.13 to 1.21 for kaolinite specimens with ws values of 3× the liquid limit. During the shearing stage, inconsistent and unreliable relationships were obtained for the shear wave velocity-vertical effective stress behavior and shear modulus-axial strain behavior. As discussed herein, the ws level should be considered when reconstituting soil specimens for small-strain stiffness determination.
Targeted Imaging of Tumor Associated Macrophages in Breast Cancer
Authors: Xu Yanni , Zeng Yunting , Xiao Xiaoyun , Liu Hejun , Zhou Boyang , Luo Baoming , Saw Phei Er , Jiang Qiongchao
Published: October 2022

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease lacking prognostic markers. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment are associated with distant metastasis as well as poorer outcomes in breast cancer. Therefore, monitoring TAMs may guide prognostic assessment. This study explores an imaging modality based on a two-step click chemistry procedure for detecting TAMs in breast cancer. Mannose-targeted liposomes (MAN-lipo-AAG) and non-targeted liposomes (lipo-AAG) encapsulating Ac4GalNAz were prepared and comprehensively characterized. The sizes of the prepared MAN-lipo-AAG and lipo-AAG were 126 ± 0.22 and 93 ± 0.23 nm, respectively. In vitro studies demonstrated higher uptake of MAN-lipo-AAG than lipo-AAG by RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy confirmed that bright, homogeneous fluorescence labeling was present on RAW264.7 cell membranes in the MAN-lipo-AAG group. Furthermore, in vivo analysis indicated that MAN-lipo-AAG, compared with lipo-AAG, had higher accumulation in a 4T1 xenograft model and higher uptake by mannose-overexpressing TAMs. This study describes a promising approach for specific and non-invasive TAM-targeted imaging via metabolic glycoengineering.
Modulation of Hippocampal Network Oscillation by PICK1-Dependent Cell Surface Expression of mGlu3 Receptors
Authors: Tuduri Pola , Bouquier Nathalie , Girard Benoit , Moutin Enora , Thouaye Maxime , Perroy Julie , Bertaso Federica , Ster Jeanne
Published: October 2022

Metabotropic glutamate receptor Type 3 (mGlu3) controls the sleep/wake architecture, which plays a role in the glutamatergic pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Interestingly, mGlu3 receptor expression is decreased in the brain of schizophrenic patients. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating mGlu3 receptors at the cell membrane. Subcellular receptor localization is strongly dependent on protein–protein interactions. Here we show that mGlu3 interacts with PICK1 and that this scaffolding protein is important for mGlu3 surface expression and function in hippocampal primary cultures. Disruption of their interaction via an mGlu3 C-terminal mimicking peptide or an inhibitor of the PDZ domain of PICK1 altered the functional expression of mGlu3 receptors in neurons. We next investigated the impact of disrupting the mGlu3-PICK1 interaction on hippocampal theta oscillationsin vitroandin vivoin WT male mice. We found a decreased frequency of theta oscillations in organotypic hippocampal slices, similar to what was previously observed in mGlu3 KO mice. In addition, hippocampal theta power was reduced during rapid eye movement sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and wake states after intraventricular administration of the mGlu3 C-terminal mimicking peptide. Targeting the mGlu3-PICK1 complex could thus be relevant to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDysregulation of the glutamatergic system might play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Metabotropic glutamate receptors Type 3 (mGlu3) have been proposed as potential targets for schizophrenia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating mGlu3 receptor at the cell membrane is critical toward comprehending how their dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Here we describe that the binding of the signaling and scaffolding protein PICK1 to mGlu3 receptors is important for their localization and physiological functions. The identification of new proteins that associate specifically to mGlu3 receptors will advance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms associated with their targeting and function and ultimately might provide new therapeutic strategies to counter these psychiatric conditions.
Occupational health and safety in small businesses: The rationale behind compliance
Authors: Esterhuyzen Elriza
Published: October 2022

Occupational health and safety (OHS), as a fundamental human right, forms the basis of the obligation of employers to employees, requiring employers to do what is right. Responsible management practices encompass cognisance of sustainability, responsibility as well as legal, financial and moral aspects related to OHS compliance. As point of departure, an overview of core OHS criteria for small businesses is provided, with reference to awareness of these criteria in the G20 countries. This article utilises quantitative and qualitative data analysis to examine the reasons why small business owners/managers comply with occupational health and safety directives, such as the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHS Act) and the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (COIDA) in South Africa, determine if such reasons for compliance culminate in actual compliance, and determine the perceived effect of direct and indirect costs of OHS incidents. A total of 350 small business owners/managers took part in this study. The findings indicate that whilst small business owners/managers realise the rationale behind OHS compliance in terms of moral, legal and financial components, moral aspects related to OHS compliance are deemed most important. Small business owners/managers thus seem to realise the importance of OHS compliance. However, when it comes to adhering to their responsibility in terms of general safety regulations of the OHS Act and registration with the Compensation Fund as specified in the COIDA (as examples of actual compliance), small business owners/managers’ compliance does not reflect such realisation. A model to enhance OHS standards in small businesses, encompassing legal, moral and financial rationales, is proposed.
Racial capitalism, ruling elite business entanglement and the impasse of black economic empowerment policy in South Africa
Authors: Habiyaremye Alexis
Published: October 2022

The high rate of inequality in South Africa is rooted in colonial dispossession and racial exploitation, and still runs primarily along the racial divide. Policy initiatives taken to redress past economic injustices through the black economic empowerment (BEE) have failed to bring economic transformation. Using the twin lenses of epistemic violence and racial capitalism, this study analyses how entangled interests aimed to co-opt the ruling party elite by the apartheid-era business elite led to the BEE impasse. The pervasiveness of cultural alienation in BEE failure suggests that a shift to restorative justice is necessary to break from the impasse.
Unravelling genetic causality of haematopoiesis on bone metabolism in human
Authors: Ho Shun-Cheong , Li Gloria Hoi-Yee , Leung Anskar Yu-Hung , Tan Kathryn C B , Cheung Ching-Lung
Published: October 2022

Objective

Haematopoiesis was shown to regulate bone metabolism in in vivo studies. However, whether haematopoiesis has causal effects on bone health has never been investigated in humans. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationships of blood traits with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture.

Design and methods

Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, causal relationship of 29 blood traits with estimated BMD (eBMD), total body BMD (TBBMD), lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD), femoral neck BMD (FNBMD) and fracture were evaluated by inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and multiple sensitivity analyses. Relevant genetic data were obtained from the largest possible publicly available genome-wide association studies.

Results

Eight genetically determined red blood cell traits showed positive causal effects on eBMD, with beta estimates ranging from 0.009 (mean corpuscular haemoglobin) to 0.057 (haemoglobin concentration), while three white blood cell traits, including lymphocyte count (beta: −0.020; 95% CI: −0.033 to −0.007), neutrophil count (beta: −0.020; 95% CI: −0.035 to −0.006) and white blood cell count (beta: −0.027; 95% CI: −0.039 to −0.014), were inversely associated with eBMD. Causal effects for six of these blood traits were validated on TBBMD, LSBMD, FNBMD and/or fracture. The association of reticulocyte count (beta: 0.040; 95% CI: 0.016 to 0.063), haemoglobin (beta: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.021 to 0.094) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (beta: 0.030; 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.054) with eBMD remained significant in multivariable IVW analyses adjusted for other blood traits.

Conclusion

This study provided evidence that haematopoietic system might regulate the skeletal system in humans and suggested the possible pathophysiology of bone diseases among people with haematological diseases.

Significance statement

We conducted a novel Mendelian randomization study investigating the causal relationship of blood cells with bone mineral density. Red and white blood cell traits have positive and inverse causal relationship with bone mineral density, respectively, suggesting a potential link of haematopoietic system with the skeletal system in humans. Current findings suggest individuals with related haematological diseases, such as anaemia and leukocytosis, may have a lifelong increased risk of osteoporosis and/or fracture. Given that complete blood count is commonly performed in clinical setting, whether complete blood count can be used to predict fracture risk warrants further investigation.
Cierre de ciclos de nutrientes y generación de energía por medio del tratamiento anaerobio de las aguas residuales ordinarias: Estudio de caso en Las Juntas de Abangares, Costa Rica
Authors: Solano Ramírez Viviana , Centeno Mora Erick , Vidal Rivera Paola
Published: October 2022

[Introduction]: An adequate selection of technology in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and the search for solutions to integrate these systems in the communities are necessary to promote a sustainable sanitation in the Latin American region. [Objective]: This article evaluates the recovery potential of by-products in an anaerobic-based WWTP for the community of Las Juntas de Abangares (10 000 inhabitants). [Methodology]: A mathematical model of mass and energy balance in the community was formulated to estimate the nutrient fluxes (N, P, K) and biogas generation in a proposed WWTP for the population, with an anaerobic reactor as treatment technology. The potential of use of nutrients (liquid and solid phase) to substitute chemical fertilizers in the Abangares region was evaluated and different energy uses of biogas were compared. [Results]: The results show that all the nutrients can be used in Abangares, as this supply would represent less than 1 % of the total demand of the grassland area available in this area. Additionally, the potential savings derived from the use of nutrients and biogas amounted to US $ 50 and 30 thousand dollars per year, respectively, and the use of biogas to replace firewood or cooking gas would allow a negative carbon WWTP. [Conclusions]: The study shows the potential of anaerobic reactors to promote a sustainable sanitation in the region, generating direct benefits and allowing a better integration of the treatment systems in the communities of Costa Rica and other Latin American countries.
Enfermos crónicos y curas literarias transnacionales: Reo de nocturnidad de Alfredo Bryce Echenique
Authors: Snauwaert Erwin
Published: October 2022

El rol preponderante que desempeña la enfermedad en la novelística de Alfredo Bryce Echenique se ilustra de manera ejemplar en Reo de nocturnidad (1997). Esta novela no solo escenifica a un protagonista muy parecido a muchos otros héroes creados por el autor, sino que recalca la temática de Cuaderno de navegación en un sillón Voltaire. Igual que en esta emblemática novela, el héroe, un escritor en ciernes que vive unos fracasos literarios y sentimentales como exiliado voluntario en París, es aquejado por una depresión y diversos males psicosomáticos que finalmente lo incitan a escribir sus experiencias penosas. Al convertirse en una cura psicoanalítica que fundamenta el propio libro, esta narración ironiza un discurso médico y cultural prominente en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, al mismo tiempo que sacrifica unas interpretaciones estereotipadas del Perú a favor de su proyección transnacional.
La configuración dramatúrgica en Viejas ilusiones de Eduardo Rovner
Authors: Vera Latorre César Wilfredo
Published: October 2022

El artículo propone una aproximación a Viejas ilusiones, obra del dramaturgo Eduardo Rovner. Se buscará analizar las principales herramientas y estrategias dramatúrgicas aplicadas en el texto: cómo se genera la tensión dramática, de qué manera opera el humor, qué criterios se aplicaron en el perfilamiento de los personajes y, en general, cómo se combinan estos y otros mecanismos en la pieza. El estudio concluye que la obra construye tensión dramática a través del uso simultáneo de tres niveles de conflicto. Asimismo, que la propuesta etaria de los personajes constituye una premisa cómica que abre un espectro de juegos y perspectivas que sostienen el humor, propician la teatralidad y estimulan la conciencia de artificio en el espectador. Se sugiere, finalmente, que uno de los aportes de Rovner consiste en haber resemantizado el género del sainete tragicómico europeo para retratar, de modo humorístico, las manías y contradicciones de la sociedad latinoamericana.
“Aquí no me escucharán gritar”: violencia y horror en la narrativa latinoamericana reciente escrita por mujeres
Authors: Gasparini Sandra
Published: October 2022

El gótico, en este corpus, atraviesa el terror y la violencia en sus formas domésticas, familiares, a través del abuso sexual, la persecución de las disidencias sexuales, del abuso infantil, de la pedofilia. Lo demoníaco aparece enraizado en las estructuras patriarcales y diseminado en las prácticas brutales de ritos, sectas, pandillas. La representación de la exclusión social, de la que son protagonistas las víctimas de esta aplicación implacable del neoliberalismo, ocupa todo el espacio en estas narraciones, así como la puesta en primer plano de los tabúes sexuales opacados por una moralidad hipócrita y de la denuncia del ecocidio. Las narrativas de Mariana Enríquez, Agustina Bazterrica, Dolores Reyes, Fernanda Melchor, Mónica Ojeda, María Fernanda Ampuero y Yeniva Fernández serán el eje de este trabajo.