bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second Harmonic Generation and Measurement Techniques
Authors: Wankhade Pratik M. , Muley Gajanan G.
Published: January 2025

Measuring second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency and second order nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibility is fundamental to the advancement of nonlinear optics, as it provides insights into the material properties, experimental conditions, and the performance of SHG-based devices. It aids in the optimization of NLO materials, ensures proper phase matching, and enhances the performance of practical devices across various fields, including laser technology, telecommunication, biomedical imaging, and quantum optics. Whether for fundamental research or applied technology development, accurate measurement of SHG efficiency is critical for driving innovation in nonlinear optical science and engineering. In this chapter, an introduction to basic second order NLO effects has been given and experimental methods to determine SHG efficiency and second order NLO susceptibility has been reviewed.
Understanding Crystalline Materials Using Raman Spectroscopy – Some Examples
Authors: Ramasamy Radha Perumal
Published: January 2025

In this chapter Raman spectroscopy is used to understand graphene, carbon nanotubes and graphite crystals incorporated in polymers. The samples were prepared by incorporating nanocrystals of graphene into polyethylene and chitosan. Raman spectroscopy studies of graphene incorporated into polyethylene showed that the crystallinity of polyethylene was affected by the presence of graphene in it. It was also observed that the crystallinity of graphene was affected as the concentration of graphene increased. The defects were observed to increase with increasing concentration of graphene. The defect induced in the graphene resulted in change in the magnetic behaviour of graphene. Graphene is diamagnetic and increasing the concentration to 10% resulted in ferromagnetic bahavior. In another study, the Raman spectroscopy studies of CNT and maghemite incorporated into chitosan films was studied. Results showed that the inclusion of maghemite increased the defects in the CNTs. In yet another study involving Raman spectroscopy for chitosan polymers incorporated with graphite and maghemite, it was observed that the defects in graphite increased due to the presence of maghemite. The above studies show that Raman spectroscopy can help us better understand the microstructural modifications in the nanocomposites.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for Crystalline Compounds
Authors: Boopathi K.
Published: January 2025

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a fundamental analytical technique in solid-state chemistry, organic chemistry, structural chemistry, and materials science. It is widely employed to investigate the molecular structure of crystalline materials. This chapter provides detailed discussion of 1H NMR and 13C NMR of organic and metal-organic crystalline compounds and also it provides recent advancements of NMR spectroscopy. This results in chemical shifts, which can reveal information about the chemical environment of individual proton and carbon in crystalline substances.
LAS PERSPECTIVAS PERSONALES Y LOS LÍMITES DEL CONOCIMIENTO: UN ANÁLISIS FILOSÓFICO DE LA SERIE EL PROBLEMA DE LOS TRES CUERPOS
Authors: Hernández Abraham
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo ofrece una interpretación filosófica de la serie
El problema de los tres cuerpos
(
Benioff, et al., 2024-) desde un enfoque perspectivista. La tesis que aquí se defiende es que el formato de la serie, articulado mediante un entrelazamiento de perspectivas narrativas, permite reflexionar sobre cómo las perspectivas personales, los encuadres narrativos, y los marcos de referencia condicionan las representaciones del espectador y, al mismo tiempo, lo impulsa a reflexionar críticamente desde una metaperspectiva sobre la validez de nociones fundamentales del conocimiento, como la verdad y la objetividad. Para fundamentar esta tesis se analizarán tres momentos clave de la serie: 1) el primer contacto con los trisolarianos, 2) el uso del videojuego de realidad virtual, que actúa como puente entre civilizaciones, y 3) la invasión trisolariana. Por último, se exploran las implicaciones didácticas de la interacción en segunda persona y el potencial crítico de la narración en tercera persona, destacando su capacidad para revelar los sesgos inherentes en las interpretaciones personales de los eventos.
LA PERSPECTIVA DE SEGUNDA PERSONA EN LOS VIDEOJUEGOS
Authors: Liz Gutiérrez Manuel
Published: January 2025

Analizamos la noción de puntos de vista personales —de primera, segunda y tercera persona—, y aplicamos el análisis obtenido a los puntos de vista personales que podemos encontrar en algunos fenómenos de cultura popular, especialmente en el campo de los videojuegos. Distinguimos entre la estructura superficial y la estructura profunda de los puntos de vista personales, así como su distinta fuerza performativa en un sentido muy genérico pero suficiente para nuestros propósitos. Los puntos de vista de segunda persona tendrán una enorme importancia. Incluso inmersos en la realidad virtual de alguna clase de videojuego universal, si podemos realmente adoptar puntos de vista de segunda persona, entonces podemos estar seguros de que existe un mundo externo con al menos ciertas entidades personales con una mente consciente. Esto permite matizar algunas ideas recientemente defendidas por David Chalmers. Es plenamente aceptable su tesis de que la realidad virtual es realidad genuina. Sin embargo, la capacidad para adoptar perspectivas de segunda persona es incompatible tanto con la idea de que todo pueda ser una simulación como con la idea de que no podamos saber que no lo es.
PERSPECTIVES, POINTS OF VIEW, AND FRAMES. ON THE POSSIBILITY OF EVALUATING POINTS OF VIEW
Authors: Jaume Andrés
Published: January 2025

This collaboration addresses the difference between the concepts of perspective, point of view, and conceptual framework. This distinction allows us to avoid the problem of circularity in philosophical perspectivism while preventing us from falling into relativism. The basic notion is perspective, and points of view are understood as ways of conceptualizing certain aspects of reality. Conceptual frameworks are seen as systems of points of view that can have a greater or lesser scope. Finally, the concept of personal fulfillment is proposed as the ultimate criterion for determining how it is possible to improve one's point of view, since it is assumed that not all points of view have the same value, against skeptical assumptions, and that consequently, there is no room for vicious circularity in the philosophical perspectivism upheld here.
FRAMES AND REFRAMING IN MEDICINE
Authors: Garrido Rodríguez Natividad
Published: January 2025

In this work, the notion of “frame” is used as a strategy for analyzing medical space. I consider medicine to be an ideal example for understanding how frames operate and how changes in practice. The objective is to analyze narrative medicine as a particular case of reframing that allows the reconstruction of the classic frame in medicine, Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). To do this, I will propose an analysis of both frames and I will study as a practical example the formal chart and the “parallel chart” proposed by narrative medicine. The “parallel chart” will be considered as a tool that complements the medical chart and that will allow new approaches and guides for interpretation and action in medical practice.
AIEd in Elementary School Nationalism Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Saputra Bherrio Dwi , Murdiono Mukhamad , Tohani Entoh , Ibda Hamidulloh
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) on artificial intelligence in education (AIEd) in elementary school nationalism education based on Scopus literature 2020-2024. This research, using the SLR method and PRISMA protocol, was carried out by means of an article search process through the stages of identification, filtering, eligibility, inclusion, and presentation of analysis with the Scopus database via Publish or Perish 7, VOSviewer and ATLAS.ti. The research findings indicate AIEd integrates AI and artificial technology, Google, Facebook, smartphones, and IoT with education, curriculum, learning, student skills, and assessment for improving nationalism learning in elementary schools. AIEd features have evolved from traditional AI technologies to more advanced ones: intelligent tutors, tutees, learning tools, and policy-making advisors. The AIEd programs include chatbots, ChatGPT, ChatGPT-3, ChatGPT-4, Microsoft Copilot, AI-Writer, Bard, Bing Chat, Botsify, Chat PDF, Claude, Consensus, Copy.ai, Duolingo, Ebbot by Learnify, Elicit, Ernie, Essay Writer, Jasper AI, Jenni AI, Laser AI, Lateral AI, Ludwig, PaperPal, Plaito, Querium, and Quillbot. Further programs include Research Rabbit, Scholarcy, SciSpace, Wisio, Wordtune, Writely AI, ALEKS, Deakin University's Genie, Pounce Chatbot, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). In addition, there are also programs such as neural networks, quantum computing, Google's Teachable Machine, Machine Learning for Kids, Pop Bots, Scratch, Python, Khan Academy, Duolingo, Generative AI, and LLMs. The application of AIEd in elementary nationalism education implies the integration of technological pedagogical content knowledge TPACK, DL, predictive analysis, ML, neural networks, expert systems, and social robotics in fostering democratic and civic awareness with a combination of movies, puppets, comics, nationalism characters, integrity, and textbooks.
Using ChatGPT in University Academic Writing: A Bibliometric Review Study on the Implications for Writing Reports, Papers, Essays, and Theses
Authors: Medina Willy Andrés Adauto , Velásquez Carlos Hernan Flores , Zegarra Soledad del Rosario Olivares , Romero Guillermo Pastor Morales , Andía Adrián Quispe , Bellido Irma Esperanza Aybar , Huaraca Carlos Ruben Palacios , Trejo Florcita Hermoja Aldana , Bravo Nestor Alvarado
Published: January 2025

The use of ChatGPT in university academic writing has generated a growing debate about its implications for the originality, quality, and authenticity of university writing. Its accelerated adoption in the creation of reports, essays, and theses raises serious questions about academic integrity, the possible increase in plagiarism, and the potential decrease in critical writing skills among students. This bibliometric review study analyzes the implications of the use of ChatGPT in university academic writing, covering both bibliometric indicators and a qualitative analysis to identify the areas on which research in this field has been focused. A mixed and descriptive approach is employed, based on 71 manuscripts reviewed and extracted from the Scopus database. The implications of the use of ChatGPT are identified and distributed in three areas categorized as “Quality and development of writing skills”, “Academic integrity and ethics in writing”, and “Educational assessment”. Despite the observed benefits, such as improved fluency and grammar, significant concerns remain regarding the over-reliance on ChatGPT and its impact on students’ critical thinking skills. It is therefore concluded that, although ChatGPT can complement certain aspects of academic writing, it is essential for students to strengthen their own writing skills to avoid total dependence on AI support. Furthermore, educational institutions need to establish clear policies and guidelines on the use of ChatGPT to ensure academic integrity. It is also recommended that future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of these policies and explore their impact on the development of critical and creative skills in students.
Unlocking Practical Implications of Digital Game-Based Learning in EFL Education
Authors: Cordoba Eulices , Mayorga Esteban , Ruiz Nancy
Published: January 2025

This research investigated the potential of Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) to boost higher-order thinking (HOT) and social skills, personalized learning, and language performance in secondary English as a foreign language (EFL) education. We used a documentary method to examine the results of 30 studies on DGBL in secondary EFL instruction. We predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure that articles were published in the last five years, indexed in academic databases, and examined the benefits of DGBL in EFL education. Data were collected using checklists, journal entries, and sequential documentary summaries. The analysis included five stages: article examinations, data reduction, comparison, data display, meaning-making, and final reasoning. The findings indicated that 40% of the reviewed studies agreed that DGBL can foster higher-order thinking by engaging students in digital games such as Mondly, Metaverse, and Pokémon Go. In addition, 20% of the studies approved that DGBL can foster networking opportunities in EFL instruction by enhancing mutual understanding, co-responsibility, and respectful communication. Additionally, 12% of these articles supported that such a method strengthens autonomous and self-directed learning by engaging students in interactive and immersive self-learning digital games that can lead to greater awareness and independence. The remaining percentage (28%) endorsed that DGBL increased language exposure by enhancing rehearsal opportunities, inputs, and resources. The findings indicated that DGBL could be a multifunctional, adjustable, and goal-oriented instructional alternative for developing higher-order thinking, social skills, and personalized learning in secondary EFL education.
Currently Available GenAI-Powered Large Language Models and Low-Resource Languages: Any Offerings? Wait Until You See
Authors: Chaka Chaka
Published: January 2025

A lot of hype has accompanied the increasing number of generative artificial intelligence-powered large language models (LLMs). Similarly, much has been written about what currently available LLMs can and cannot do, including their benefits and risks, especially in higher education. However, few use cases have investigated the performance and generative capabilities of LLMs in low-resource languages. With this in mind, one of the purposes of the current study was to explore the extent to which seven, currently available, free-to-use versions of LLMs (ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot, Gemini, GroqChat, Perplexity, and YouChat) perform in five low-resource languages (isiZulu, Sesotho, Yoruba, M?ori, and Mi’kmaq) in their generative multilingual capabilities. Employing a common input prompt, in which the only change was to insert the name of a given low-resource language and English in each case, this study collected its datasets by inputting this common prompt into the seven LLMs. Three of the findings of this study are noteworthy. First, the seven LLMs displayed a significant lack of generative multilingual capabilities in the five low-resource languages. Second, they hallucinated and produced nonsensical, meaningless, and irrelevant responses in their low-resource language outputs. Third, their English responses were far better in quality, relevance, depth, detail, and nuance than their low-resource language only and English responses for the five low-resource languages. The paper ends by offering the implications and making the conclusions of the study in terms of LLMs’ generative capabilities in low-resource languages.
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AN EIGHT-PURPOSE COMPOUND MACHINE ON SOME PHYSICAL SOIL PROPERTIES
Authors:   1College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. Aslam.kareem2103m@uobaghdad.edu.iq, Kareem1 Aslam M. H. , Jassim2 Abdul Razzaq A. L. ,   2Professor PhD. College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, bdulrazzak.Jasim@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of a locally developed and assembled eight-purpose compound equipment on some physical soil properties in a silty clay loam soil in one of the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad/Al-Jadriyah for the spring growing season of 2023. The experiment used, the MF-650 Tractor. The study included two factors: the first factor had three seed rates 3, 4, and 5 kg donum-1, and the second factor had three tillage depths of 15, 20, and 25 cm, have been studied the bulk density of the soil, soil moisture content, germination rate, number of fallen seeds, and percentage of broken grains. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangement and three replications. The least significant difference (LSD) at a significance level of 0.05 was used to compare the means of the treatments. The results indicate significant differences in the physical soil properties due to plowing depth and seeding rate. A plowing depth of 15 cm resulted in the soil՚s lowest bulk density, reaching 1.02 µg m-3. It also resulted in the lowest soil moisture content (12.69%), germination rate (68.83%), and percentage of broken seeds (3.77%). The results indicated no significant differences in the physical soil properties due to the seeding rate and no significant interaction in the physical soil properties between plowing depth and seeding rate.
INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF POMEGRANATE PEEL EXTRACT AGAINST BACTERIA CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT FOOD
Authors:   1 Dectorate of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.ahmedaldahi19@gmail.com, Obaed1 Ahmed Sadoon , Ahmaed2 Asmaa Sabah ,   2Professor Ph. D. Department of Food science, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. asmaa.s@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: January 2025

The present study was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the pomegranate peel aqueous extract against Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) isolated from different food sample, C. sakazakii was isolated and identified with biochemical tests. On the other hand, active compounds were extracted from pomegranate peel and a concentration of (0.8,1.6,3.2,6.4,12.8,25.6,51.2,100) mg/ml was prepared. The effectiveness of the pomegranate extract was then evaluated against the growth of the isolates under study using Minimum inhibitory concentration method, the results showed a sensitivity of C. sakazakii to all concentrations. The results showed a difference in the inhibitory effect according to the concentration used. The bacteria were more sensitive to the concentration of 100 mg/ml and less sensitive to the concentration of 25 mg/ml by measuring the diameters of the bacterial inhibition zones of the different concentrations of pomegranate peel extract, the largest diameter inhibition was 37 mm at 100 mg/ml, while the 25 mg/ml concentration showed the lowest diameter was 15 mm. The results of the study suggest that pomegranate peel extracts have an inhibitory effect on C. sakazakii and increase this activity by increasing the concentration used.
Pest survey card on Euwallacea fornicatus sensu lato, Fusarium ambrosium and F. euwallaceae
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Rondoni Gabriele , Björklund Niklas , Vloutoglou Irene , Carotti Laura , Mattion Giulia , Vos Sybren
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This document provides the conclusions of the pest survey card that was prepared in the context of the EFSA mandate on plant pest surveillance (M‐2020‐0114) at the request of the European Commission. The full pest survey card for Euwallacea fornicatus sensu lato (s.l.), Fusarium ambrosium and F. euwallaceae surveys is published and available online in the EFSA Pest Survey Card gallery at the following link and will be updated whenever new information becomes available: https://efsa.europa.eu/plants/planthealth/monitoring/surveillance/euwallacea-fornicatus-fusarium-ambrosium-euwallaceae
BALANCING EFFICIENCY AND FLEXIBILITY – A SIMULATION OF LINE CONFIGURATIONS
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Poloczek Roksana
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of production line configurations
on operational efficiency using simulation tools. Analyzing various scenarios with a variable
number of production lines allows for an assessment of how infrastructure modifications affect
system performance, resource management, and operational flexibility.
Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted using FlexSim software, which
enables the modeling and analysis of production processes. Key steps included: collecting
operational data, developing a simulation model, validating the model, and analyzing the results
for three configurations: one, two, and three production lines. Model validation was performed
by comparing simulation results with real-world operational data.
Findings: The findings indicate that a single production line ensures high operational efficiency
(around 98%), but its rigidity limits adaptability under changing conditions. Adding a second
production line results in a moderate decrease in efficiency (approximately 1.2%), while
significantly enhancing flexibility and resource management capabilities. Three production
lines offer the highest flexibility; however, efficiency drops to approximately 80%, which may
cause challenges related to underutilized resources and increased operational costs. The optimal
solution, balancing flexibility and efficiency, is the addition of a second production line. Adding
a third line may only be justified under conditions of significant demand growth.
Research limitations/implications: The study's limitations stem from the simplifications in
the model, such as the assumption of constant production parameters and the exclusion of
market variability. Future research should consider dynamic market conditions and a more
comprehensive cost analysis.
Originality/value: The study introduces an innovative approach by applying computer
simulation to evaluate the efficiency of different production line configurations. The insights
provided in the article are valuable for production engineers and managers, assisting them in
making informed decisions about optimizing production systems.
THE ROLE OF MICROFINANCE IN PROMOTING WOMEN'S ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN KANCHANPUR DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Tiwari Nisha Bhatt , Bisht Prof. Padam S.
Published: January 2025

Microfinance has become a vital tool for promoting economic empowerment and financial inclusion, particularly among women in underserved communities. This study investigates the role of microfinance in enhancing women's economic independence in the Kanchanpur district of Nepal. Using a descriptive research methodology, the study examines the extent to which access to microfinance services, including loans, savings, and skill development programs, impacts women's livelihoods, entrepreneurial activities, and decision-making capabilities. The research relies on both primary and secondary data sources to understand the socio-economic outcomes of microfinance initiatives. Through structured interviews, surveys, and focus group discussions with women beneficiaries, the study highlights how microfinance has enabled women to increase their income, improve household welfare, and contribute to community development. Additionally, secondary data from reports and case studies provides context regarding the operational practices and outreach of microfinance institutions in the district. Findings reveal that while microfinance has significantly improved women’s access to financial resources and entrepreneurial opportunities, challenges such as high-interest rates, limited financial literacy, and socio-cultural constraints persist. The study underscores the need for targeted capacity-building initiatives and supportive policies to maximize the benefits of microfinance programs. These insights are expected to guide stakeholders, including policymakers and microfinance practitioners, in enhancing the effectiveness of microfinance interventions in the region.
TOWARDS ZERO ACCIDENTS: A SURVEY OF DETECTION AND PREVENTION SYSTEMS
Authors: K Mr Nithin , M L Raviprakash
Published: January 2025

The increase in the number of vehicles being owned has resulted in a corresponding increase in road accidents, requiring the development of sophisticated methods for detecting and preventing accidents. This study provides a thorough examination of current technology and systems designed to reduce the consequences of road accidents. We analyze a diverse array of methodologies, including IoT-based systems, machine learning techniques, and sensor-based solutions. Although there have been notable advancements in accident detection, emergency response, and driver behavior analysis, there are still obstacles to overcome in terms of infrastructure, data protection, and practical use in real-world scenarios. The study highlights significant areas of research that have not been addressed and provides a clear plan for future research to improve the efficiency of accident detection and prevention systems. This article outlines the creation and use of a cutting-edge Automatic Speed Control System (ASCS) for cars, using up-to-the-minute geolocation data. The ultimate objective is to formulate all-encompassing approaches that use technology progress to provide safer conditions on roads.
AGRONOMIC VIEW OF SOIL SALINITY, ITS EFFECTS AND RECLAMATION - A Review
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India, S Kaviyazhagan , K Prakash ,   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, India
Published: January 2025

Abiotic stress, particularly soil salinity, is currently to blame for a
decline in the quality of world crop production and significant losses to
global agricultural output. Plants are faced with enormous difficulties as a
result of this stress, which has a detrimental effect on their productivity,
growth, and development. In recent years, the amount of cultivated land
with salinity and alkalinity issues has expanded. Agro-techniques for
reclamations of saline soils such as leaching, drainage, using soil
amendments, suitable choice of crops and varieties, etc. have been
standardised over the years for its management due to the need to
increase agricultural productivity as the global population grows
exponentially. To improve crop output, it is necessary to increase agro
techniques for managing and reducing soil salinity. The mechanism,
traits, impacts, and reclamation of soil salinity for improved crop growth
and development will all be covered in this paper.
Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Water Downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam in Boudnib, Morocco
Authors: El Mostapha Albou  , Abdaoui Abdellali , Ali Ait Boughrous
Published: January 2025

This study addresses the pressing need to evaluate the quality of water resources in the Oued Guir watershed, highlighting the importance of monitoring both surface water and groundwater in the context of environmental and public health. It focuses on the evaluation of physicochemical and bacteriological water quality downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam, as well as the characterization of wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant discharged into Oued Guir. The goal is to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems and understand the impact of anthropogenic activities on these sensitive environments. A comprehensive analysis was conducted at 15 selected stations during a sampling campaign in November 2023. Groundwater and surface water were assessed using 10 physicochemical parameters, while bacteriological quality was evaluated based on fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli. In addition, 38 parameters were studied to characterize the wastewater discharge. All analyses followed standard procedures and the results were compared to Moroccan and World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The study revealed that surface water and groundwater in the study area exhibited strong mineralization, with Electrical Conductivity (EC) exceeding 1400 µS/cm at all stations. Nitrogen quality, in terms of Nitrates (NO3-), was moderate across stations, while Ammonium (NH4+) quality was consistently excellent. Physicochemical parameters of surface waters indicated overall excellent quality. Bacteriological analysis showed minimal contamination by fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli, with levels deemed negligible. However, wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant exceeded Moroccan standards for organic load, presenting a potential environmental risk.
The antihypertensive effect of the ethanol seed extract of Persea americana Mill in albino Wistar rats
Authors: Okonkwo Nonye Winnie  , Chilaka Kinksley Chimsorom  , Eze Chidi Eze  , Chilaka Jane Ugochi  , Obi Ifeanyi Malachy  , Onwudiwe Tharcitus Chilaka
Published: January 2025

Aim: Hypertension is a medical condition in which the arterial blood pressure is persistently elevated. This condition can lead to multiple complications, organ damage and death. The aim of this study was to assess the antihypertensive effects of ethanol seed extracts of Persea americana mill
Method: Wister rats used were divided into 14 groups of which 13 groups were induced with cadmium chloride for 2weeks and made hypertensive, a group not induced used as negative control. Thereafter Persea americana mill extract and fractions were administered to 8 groups of experimental rats at 200mg/kg bodyweight and 400mg/kg body weight via oral gavage. Four groups of the experimental animals were given standard Antihypertensive while a group was used as positive control
Results: Findings show that after 2weeks of the treatment with the ethanol seed extracts of Persea americana mill and it's fractions,the blood pressure of all animals were reduced significantly compared to standard antihypertensive drugs with the exception of animals treated with 400mg/kg methanol fractions whose blood pressure reduction was not significant compared to ones treated with standard antihypertensive drugs
Conclusion: Therefore, Avocado seeds (Persea americana mill) can be used as local or traditional antihypertensive.
Nitrogen starvation and chromatin dynamics: The role of Gcn5 in glycogen metabolism
Authors: Tülay TURGUT GENÇ  , Gülşah TOYRAN  , Melih GÜNAY
Published: January 2025

Glycogen metabolism is a crucial process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enabling energy storage and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Histone acetyltransferase Gcn5, a key component of the SAGA complex, is known to regulate gene expression through chromatin remodeling. This study investigates the role of Gcn5 in modulating glycogen metabolism under normal and nitrogen-starvation conditions. Gcn5 deletion significantly impairs yeast growth, as evidenced by slower doubling times and reduced specific growth rates, highlighting its role in metabolic adaptation. Glycogen accumulation assays revealed that gcn5Δ mutants accumulate more glycogen during the exponential growth phase compared to wild-type cells, suggesting that Gcn5 maintains basal glycogen levels by regulating genes involved in glycogen synthesis and degradation. However, under nitrogen starvation, gcn5Δ mutants exhibit drastically reduced glycogen accumulation, indicating that Gcn5 is critical for stress-responsive metabolic reprogramming. Promoter analyses of genes involved in glycogen metabolism identified overlaps between nucleosome positions and Msn2/4 transcription factor binding sites. These findings suggest that Gcn5-mediated nucleosome mobilization enables Msn2/4 binding and transcriptional activation of stress-responsive genes. The impaired glycogen storage in gcn5Δ mutants under nitrogen starvation underscores the essential role of Gcn5 in coordinating chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation during environmental stress. Overall, this study highlights the central role of Gcn5 in balancing glycogen metabolism and cellular adaptation, providing insights into its broader regulatory functions in yeast stress responses.
Mebeverine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparation as determined by spectrophotometer using the Ion Association Reaction
Authors: Nahlah Jaber Hussein  , Hussein Ali Al-Bahrani  , Ali A. Sabi
Published: January 2025

A simple, accurate, and sensitive colorimetric method for determining Mebeverine HCL. Pure and pharmaceutical preparations have been developed. The method is based on the formation of an ion-association combination between picric acid and the medication. The range was measured with the maximum absorption at 382.00 nm. With a molar absorptivity of 3.41×104 Mol L-1cm-1, a relative standard deviation (RSD %) of 0.6430 percent, a mean recovery of 90.776-98.055%, and a correlation value of Between 1.0 and 30.0 µg/ml, the beer's law is observed (r2 = 0.990). This method successfully identified mebeverine HCL in pharmaceutical formulations and bulk.
The impact of practical physics laboratory work on student learning in public and private secondary schools in the city of N’Djamena
Authors: Haroun Ali Adannou  , Golque Deidi Maurice  , Nguemadjita Christophe  , Paloumi Yabe
Published: January 2025

The present study revealed to us that there is an absence of practical work in physics in the laboratory in the 4th grade classes. To do this work, we prepared and distributed the questionnaires to students and teachers, distributed as follows:
In high school-college A with 2 classes, we have 72 students;
In high school-college B with 4 classes, we have 238 students;
In high school-college C with 4 classes, we have 428 students;
In high school-college D with 3 classes, we have 92 students.
After counting, we have.
Out of 16 copies of questionnaires given to physical science teachers working in 4th grade in public and private establishments, 10 were recovered, or 62.5%.
On the students' side, the 30 questionnaires and one hundred (100) copies of the series of exercises were fully returned, i.e. 100%.
Our work shows that 4 out of 10 teachers teach 80 to 100 students/class and 6 out of 10 teachers teach between 100 and more/4th grade class. It emerges that (60%) are responsible for "overcrowded" classes (100 and more than 120 students) and 40% intervene in classes with overcrowded numbers (80 to 100 students/class).
In the same sense, this form of practice in classes, lecture-based teaching leads students to simple temporary memorization, making it difficult to understand, assimilate and reproduce appropriate scientific concepts. On the one hand, teachers are overwhelmed with a number of classes and levels without the basic documents and adequate experimental equipment
Surrogate twin pregnancy and childbirth in uterine didelphys: A report
Authors: Muisi Alli ADENEKAN  , Kayode Ayodeji ADEFEMI  , Chidinma Magnus NWOGU  , Aloy Okechukwu UGWU  , Ayotunde Ayodeji OLUWOLE  , Femi OMOLOLU
Published: January 2025

Didelphic uterus is one of the congenital anomalies of the female genital tract (others include septate, bicornuate and unicornuate uterus). They usually arise when there are abnormalities of formation, fusion or resorption of the mullerian ducts. The significance of didelphic uterus is in its ability to predispose a pregnant mother to increased risk of preterm birth, prematurity, abnormal fetal lie and presentation, intrauterine fetal growth restriction, increased risk of operative delivery, low birth weight and its attendant perinatal morbidity. We present a 30-year-old surrogate mother who had caesarean section on account of preterm prelabour rupture of fetal membranes.
A review of novel analytical methods for the determination of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Authors: HJ Salunkhe  , GS Bhunje  , KH Surnavar
Published: January 2025

This review highlights recent advancements in analytical techniques used for the determination of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in pharmaceuticals, foods, and biological samples. Various methods, including UV-Vis. spectrometry, fluorimetry, chromatography, mass spectrometry, and electrochemical techniques, are discussed. These methods leverage the unique properties of riboflavin, such as its fluorescence and redox potential, for accurate quantification. The review emphasizes the importance of these techniques in ensuring quality control and compliance with regulatory standards, while also exploring emerging trends like automation and green analytical chemistry.
Fall Risk Pose Pattern Analysis Using GNN-based Association Rule Mining
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Cho Han-Jin
Published: January 2025

This study proposes a GNN-based association rule mining method for predicting fall risks. To overcome the limitations of wearable devices, pose data was collected using computer vision techniques and integrated into a GNN model for precise predictions. The use of DeepPose for pose estimation, coupled with FP-growth for association rule extraction, followed by the application of a GAT model, enables the learning of complex interactions between poses. The proposed method demonstrates superior performance, achieving over 98% in Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score compared to OpenPose-based approaches. This model highlights the potential for enhancing fall prevention and real-time monitoring in high-risk groups.
Analysis of news trends of UNESCO World Heritage sites in Korea through text embedding and keyword networks
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Hong Inho , Kim Ji Eun , Park Jihyon , Joo Sanghun , Ji Myung In
Published: January 2025

Although there has been a rise in text mining-based research on World Heritage, trend analysis highlighting the evolution of social perceptions and discourses related to World Heritage remains insufficient. In this study, we examine a trend of contextual relationship between World Heritage sites in Korea and their keywords through text embedding and network analysis on news data from 1990 to 2023. First, we find contextual clusters by embedding each news article with Sentence Transformer. The dendrograms generated for 5-year spans reveal coherent clusters on monuments, groups of buildings, and sites, with several small transient clusters. Furthermore, we demonstrate the evolution of contextual clusters by detecting communities in the keyword networks built upon word2vec. We find coherent communities about inscription, evaluation, and diplomacy, with transient communities on hot topics such as Jeju Volcanic Island, and Korean Tidal Flats. This study suggests a novel trend analysis framework combining text embedding and keyword networks and provides insights for future policy-making by highlighting the limitations of media coverage related to World Heritage.
Performance Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Practical 3D Tooth Scan Data Segmentation: Application of MeshSegNet and DilatedToothSegNet Models
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Cho Sang Won , Lee Hyun Sang , Lee Byoung Woo , Yu Geon Jae , Ji Jin Woo , Kim Hee Gil , Kim Jong Deok , Lee Choong Kwon
Published: January 2025

This study aims to improve the clinical applicability of 3D segmentation models for tooth numbering by collecting and labeling 910 3D tooth scans, including prosthetic (crown, implant, inlay) and localized scan data, into 15 classes (gingiva and individual tooth numbers). Previous studies often relied on full oral structure data, failing to capture the irregularities of real clinical scenarios. To address this limitation, this research compares the performance of two deep learning models, MeshSegNet and DilatedToothSegNet, for tooth-numbered 3D segmentation. The models were trained with mesh cell resolutions of 10,000 and 16,000 to assess accuracy at different levels. Evaluation metrics, including Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and mean Intersection over Union (mIoU), were used to measure performance. Results showed that the DilatedToothSegNet model with 16,000 cells outperformed MeshSegNet, achieving a 2.2-3.5% improvement in both DSC and mIoU metrics for maxillary and mandibular data. Additionally, it demonstrated consistent and reliable performance on localized scans, including prosthetic data.
Utilization of Instagram as a Marketing Communication Media for Dhy Hijab Fashion Store
Authors: Ulfi Nurfaiza
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Marketing products on digital platforms certainly cannot be separated from the use of strategies and the right role of marketers. This is exploited by one of the fashion stores, namely Dhy Hijab, which uses Instagram as a marketing medium for its products. The aim of this research is to find out the use of Instagram which was chosen as a marketing medium by Store Dhy Hijab. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, which emphasizes a detailed discussion of the objects studied and arranged in a scientific setting. The theory used in this research is the theory used in this research is the Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) marketing communication mix theory. The final result of this research is product marketing carried out by Dhy Hijab using 8 marketing communication mix tools, namely advertising, sales promotion, public relations and publications, personal selling, direct marketing, interactive marketing, word of mouth marketing, and events. Through the marketing communication mix activities carried out by Dhy Hijab, Dhy Hijab can maintain its business amidst the high competition in the fashion business sector.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Rasa Percaya Diri Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial pada Siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Sumaryoto Sumaryoto , Kasyadi Soeparlan
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: 1) Pengaruh kecerdasan emosional dan rasa percaya diri secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. 2) Pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. 3) Pengaruh rasa percaya diri terhadap prestasi belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan teknik korelasional regresi linier berganda dengan jumlah sampel 88 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Kecerdasan emosional dan Rasa percaya diri secara bersama-sama terhadap Prestasi belajar IPS siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Sig. = 0,000 < 0,05 dan Fhitung = 26,149. 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Kecerdasan emosional terhadap Prestasi belajar IPS siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Sig. = 0,004 < 0,05 dan thitung = 3,002. 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Rasa percaya diri terhadap Prestasi belajar IPS siswa SMP Negeri di Kota Depok. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehasn nilai Sig. = 0,000 < 0,05 dan thitung = 4,287.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Kebiasaan Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Sejarah Indonesia (Survey Pada SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Tangerang)
Authors: Suhaeni Fitri , Sumaryoto Sumaryoto , Permana Rahayu
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan kebiasaan belajar terhadap prestasi belajar Sejarah Indonesia pada SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Tangerang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu random sampling. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 82 siswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut : 1) Terdapat pengaruh signifikan yang motivasi dan kebiasaan belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar Sejarah Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Sig. 0,000 < 0,05 dan Fh = 74,195. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan motivasi terhadap prestasi belajar Sejarah Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Sig. 0,000 < 0,05 dan thitung =8,793. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kebiasaan belajar terhadap prestasi belajar Sejarah Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai Sig. 0,014 < 0,05 dan thitung = 2,515
Pengaruh Persepsi Atas Lingkungan Kerja dan Kompetensi Sosial Guru Terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Taskilah Taskilah
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui 1).Pengaruh persepsi atas lingkungan kerja dan kompetensi sosial guru secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara, 2).Pngaruh persepsi atas lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara, 3).Pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara. Metode penelitian sampel yang digunakan 84 siswa sebagai sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik proposional random sampling dengan regresi linear berganda. Teknis analisis data berdasarkan hasil hipotesis dan analisis data, disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1).Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi atas lingkungan kerja dan kompetensi sosial guru secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Sig = 0,000 < 0,05 dan Fhitung = 22,397. 2).Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan persepsi atas lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Sig = 0,002 < 0,05 dan thitung = 3,175. 3).Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kompetensi sosial guru terhadap kinerja guru  SMA Negeri di Jakarta Utara. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Sig = 0,000 < 0,05 dan  thitung = 4,527
Pengaruh Media Gambar Berseri terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Kelas Rendah
Authors: Astuti Neni Widia , Rambe Riris Nurkholidah
Published: January 2025

Keterampilan berbahasa sangat penting bagi setiap individu karena berfungsi sebagai kerangka untuk mengembangkan kemampuan intelektual, sosial, dan karakter pada siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media gambar serial terhadap kemampuan menulis siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran yang didukung media gambar serial. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 23 siswa kelas II MIS Mardliatul Islamiyah kota Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest and posttest. Berdasarkan hasil dan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan menulis siswa meningkat dengan penggunaan media gambar serial. media gambar berseri meningkatkan semangat belajar siswa dengan menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih menarik dan interaktif di era digital saat ini, dimana media memegang peranan yang tidak terpisahkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
La virtud de la studiositas según Leonardo Polo
Authors: Sellés Juan Fernando
Published: January 2025

Tras indicar que al deseo de saber –natural al ser humano–, le precede y le sigue un saber, y que la admiración despierta en él su atención, en este trabajo se indica –según la filosofía de L. Polo– que la studiositas es la virtud la voluntad –opuesta al vicio de la curiosidad– que permite pararse a pensar, centrar la atención en una determinada realidad relevante objetivamente y para el sujeto.
Comunicación de crisis: Lecciones aprendidas en un escenario post pandemia
Authors: Retamal Ferrada Lorena , Vega Melita , Orozco-Toro Jaime Alberto , Ávila Caroline
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las formas en que la crisis provocada por la pandemia del Covid 19 impactó en los sistemas de gestión de comunicación interna de crisis en empresas de Ecuador, Colombia y Chile, y vislumbrar las enseñanzas que este proceso dejó para las organizaciones. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología cualitativa mediante el uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 11 jefes de comunicación de las empresas en estudio. Los hallazgos mostraron que las empresas abordaron sus sistemas de comunicaciones internas de manera más estratégica con el doble objetivo de salvar vidas y mantener en funcionamiento a sus organizaciones. A través de la comunicación interna estratégica de crisis como subsistema de comunicación organizacional, las empresas no solo mostraron una gran capacidad de adaptación tecnológica en el uso de los canales de comunicación, sino también una mayor integración entre sus esfuerzos de comunicación organizacional para construir confianza con sus públicos clave y salvaguardar su reputación durante la pandemia. Las lecciones de la gestión de crisis en este periodo posibilitan a los gerentes y encargados de comunicación establecer estrategias para afrontar futuras crisis como parte de su aprendizaje organizacional y mejoramiento continuo.