bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First record of the White Tufted Royal Pratapa deva lila Moore, [1884] (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae) from Himachal Pradesh, extending its known range westwards
Authors: Sondhi Sanjay
Published: June 2020

The White Tufted Royal Pratapa deva lila, an uncommon lycaenid, is recorded from Himachal Pradesh, India, during opportunistic surveys, extending its known range westwards.
Phytodiversity of chasmophytic habitats at Olichuchattam Waterfalls, Kerala, India
Authors: Arun Christy  , Thomas Binu
Published: June 2020

The present study was conducted to analyse the Phytodiversity of Chasmophytic habitats at Olichuchattam waterfalls, Kerala, India. The studies on the plants in such special type of habitats are very less. Hence the present study will help to know more about them. Field exploration and observations were made, plants were collected, identified and herbarium was prepared.  Analysis of plants and soil samples from different regions of the study area based on altitudinal variations was also done. As a result of the study, a total of 120 plant species that belonging to 49 families and 93 genera were documented. Of these 5 species are bryophyte, 10 species are pteridophytes and 105 species are angiosperms. The ornamental potentiality of the plants in the study area was also analysed and it shows that a total of 47 species have ornamental potentialities. The present study also highlighted some threatening factors can affect the distribution of plants in the present study area. The present study highlights that, the rocky cliffs and crevices serves as an excellent habitat for many interesting plant groups. The plants in these habitats are very unique and are attractive.The rocky cliffs and crevices represents a good indicator of rich biodiversity within small areas.

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Resolving taxonomic problems in the genus Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) with vegetative micromorphology
Authors: Rahangdale Savita Sanjaykumar , Rahangdale Sanjaykumar Ramlal
Published: June 2020

The genus Ceropegia L. of Family Apocynaceae, subfamily Asclepiadoideae comprises 213 accepted taxa distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, India, Australia and neighbouring regions. The taxa are mainly identified on the basis of flower morphology. A study was undertaken to reveal micromorphology of 26 taxa distributed in Western Ghats of India to solve the identity problems. The micromorphology is studied with standard microscopic methods in five replicates of each character and taxa to reveal the parameters, distribution of stomata, stomatal index, stomatal density, epidermal cell wall pattern and stomatal measurements. The data obtained was subjected to ANOVA to find out the experimental mean, standard deviation and standard error. A consensus phylogeny tree is constructed using the PAST on the basis of Jaccard similarity coefficient. Results of study revealed that, micro morphological characters, viz., type of stomata, number and characters of subsidiaries, anticlinal cell wall pattern, and stomatal index are very significant in delimitation of closely allied taxa. Beside ‘paracytic’ stomata, ‘tetracytic’, ‘isotricytic’, & ‘anomocytic’ stomatal types, and amphistomatic distribution are recorded for first time in Ceropegia. The taxa are separated easily from each other using vegetative micromorphology and can be identified even in absence of flowers. An identification key and phylogenetic tree is derived on the basis of vegetative micro-morphology and gross morphological characters.
Dusky Langurs Trachypithecus obscurus (Reid, 1837) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) in Singapore: potential origin and conflicts with native primate species
Authors: Ang Andie , Jabbar Sabrina , Khoo Max
Published: June 2020

The introduction of exotic species can have detrimental effects on local populations via factors such as resource competition and new threats from disease. Singapore has three native species of non-human primates: Sunda Slow Loris Nycticebus coucang, Long-tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis, and Raffles’ Banded Langur Presbytis femoralis. Over the past few months, several non-native Dusky Langurs Trachypithecus obscurus were observed in Singapore. We document our observations, compile reports from social media, and attempt to assess the potential impacts on local primates. Whenever Dusky Langurs were encountered, we recorded the date, time, GPS coordinates, group demographics, and behaviour, including interactions with native primates. We also monitored sighting reports of Dusky Langurs posted on local major Facebook groups from 30 December 2019 to 31 January 2020, and privately messaged the person(s) for more information. On 31 August 2019, three Dusky Langurs were seen near a residential area in the northern part of Singapore, and two to three individuals were reported on 14 subsequent occasions. During one encounter on 18 January 2020, an adult male Long-tailed Macaque chased a group of Dusky Langurs from a feeding tree. The next day the same group of Dusky Langurs chased a group of 11 Banded Langurs from another feeding tree. The Dusky Langurs appeared to be healthy and wild, indicating that they may have swum across the Johor Strait and/or traveled on the Johor-Singapore Causeway from Malaysia. Further monitoring of these Dusky Langurs will be required to assess their impact on local primates.
Osteological description of Indian Skipper Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the Western Ghats of India
Authors: Gorule Pankaj A. , Gosavi Sachin M. , Kharat Sanjay , Verma Chandani
Published: June 2020

The present study provides description of the osteology of Skipper Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis.  Seven adult specimens of E. cyanophlyctis from northern Western Ghats of India were cleared and double stained for studying osteological characteristics.  The baseline description of osteological characters of cranial and post-cranial elements (paired nasals, tubular sphenethmoid, well-developed vomerine teeth, arciferal pectoral girdle, fan-shaped omosternum, cartilaginous W-shaped xiphisternum, hind limb with longest cylindrical humerus, V-shaped pectoral girdle and phalangeal appendages) provided in present study will help in further taxonomic investigations of the genus Euphlyctis.  Further, the baseline information on osteology of Skipper frog will serve as a reference material for investigations related to malformations, either in this or related species.  We also provide first observation on sacro-pelvic malformation in one of the studied specimens.
Corrigendum to A citizens science approach to monitoring of the Lion Panthera leo (Carnivora: Felidae) population in Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal
Authors: Dimitri Dagorne  , Abdoulaye Kanté  , Rose John B.
Published: June 2020

Following publication of this article on 26 January 2020 (Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(1): 15091–15105), the authors were able to re-examine all of the collected photographs with Sara Blackburn, a expert in lion identification.   A corrected section on Identification of individual lions is reproduced below; no other parts of the article require correction.
Virome Sequencing in Patients With Myocarditis
Authors: Heidecker Bettina , Williams Simon H. , Jain Komal , Oleynik Alexandra , Patriki Dimitri , Kottwitz Jan , Berg Jan , Garcia Joel A. , Baltensperger Nora , Lovrinovic Marina , Baltensweiler Andrea , Mishra Nishay , Briese Thomas , Hanson Paul J. , Lauten Alexander , Poller Wolfgang , Leistner David M. , Landmesser Ulf , Enseleit Frank , McManus Bruce , Lüscher Thomas F. , Lipkin W. Ian
Published: June 2020

Background:

Polymerase chain reaction analyses of cardiac tissues have detected viral sequences in up to 67% of cases of myocarditis. However, viruses have not been implicated in giant cell myocarditis (GCM). Furthermore, efforts to detect viruses implicated in myocarditis have been unsuccessful in more accessible samples such as peripheral blood.

Methods:

We used Virome Capture Sequencing for Vertbrate Viruses (VirCapSeq-VERT), a method that simultaneously screens for all known vertebrate viruses, to investigate viruses in 33 patients with myocarditis. We investigated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n=24), plasma (n=27), endomyocardial biopsies (n=2), and cardiac tissue samples from explanted hearts (n=13).

Results:

Nine patients (27%) had GCM and 4 patients (13%) had fulminant myocarditis. We found the following viruses in the blood of patients with myocarditis: Epstein Barr virus (n=11, 41%), human pegivirus (n=1, 4%), human endogenous retrovirus K (n=27, 100%), and anellovirus (n=15, 56%). All tissue samples from fulminant myocarditis (n=2) and GCM (n=13) contained human endogenous retrovirus K.

Conclusions:

No nucleic acids from viruses previously implicated in myocarditis or other human illnesses were detected in relevant amounts in cardiac tissue samples from GCM or in blood samples from other types of myocarditis. These findings do not exclude a role for viral infection in GCM but do suggest that if viruses are implicated, the mechanism is likely to be indirect rather than due to cytotoxic infection of myocardium.
Religious Studies for Cyborgs: Cognitive Science and Social Theory after Humanism
Authors: Simmons K. Merinda
Published: June 2020

As it appears, the back and forth between CSR and critical theory pays a great deal of attention to religion as a classificatory and explanatory object but has thus far left alone another category—that of the human. Scholars in other fields, however, have long demonstrated the human subject to be a slippery trope all its own whose rhetorical and analytical value is not at all a given. It is on the evolution and contemporary state of this vein of criticism that I will focus, then, in an attempt to shift the register of the current conversation about CSR.
A Referral Process to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 M Process: An Appraisal
Authors: De Herdt Sandrine W
Published: June 2020

Proposals have been flagged by judges at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and legal scholars to develop the relationship between the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and international courts and tribunals regarding the proof of existence of continental shelf entitlement. It has been suggested international courts and tribunals request ‘expert assistance’, make a ‘reference procedure’, or seek a ‘preliminary ruling’ from the CLCS in order to verify the State party’s entitlement to a continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles when the delimitation process occurs in the absence of recommendations issued by the CLCS. This article assesses the potential for a referral process bridging the relationship between the CLCS and courts and tribunals. It considers more specifically the necessity of such a mechanism and the legal challenges that are likely to arise in its establishment.
Indigenous Australians, Specialist Courts, and The Intergenerational Impacts of Child Removal in The Criminal Justice System
Authors: Radke Amelia , Douglas Heather
Published: June 2020

Murri Courts are a specialist criminal law practice that includes Elders and respected persons of the local Community Justice Group in the sentencing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander defendants. Drawing on an ethnographic study of two southeast Queensland Murri Courts, this article explores the impact of State ordered out-of-home care on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander defendants and their children. We show how Community Justice Groups and specialist courts help to address the intergenerational impacts of child protection interventions. The rights of Australian Indigenous peoples to enjoy, maintain, control, protect and develop their kinship ties is recognised under the Human Rights Act 2019 (Qld) and international human rights treaties. We suggest that policymakers and legislators should better recognise and support Community Justice Groups and specialist courts as they provide an important avenue for implementing the rights of Australian Indigenous peoples to recover and maintain their kinship ties.
Archive, Mediation, and Reflections on Colonization in Modern Asia
Authors: Hongfeng Tang
Published: June 2020

This paper will use the artworks and exhibitions of Cai Yingqian, Chen Min, Timoteus Anggawan Kusno, and Chen Chieh-jen to discuss how contemporary art reflects on modern colonial history through mediations. By employing ready-made media materials handed down through history, archival art moves from medium to mediation, mediating between subjects, media materials, and artistic works, and at the same time highlights the materiality and mediality of media, forming a historical picture where media and the message, objects and narrations, images and the deceased together form a unified entity. While the narrative and memory of history rely on media, mediation can summon the memory of the past. Artists can activate images and turn them into an “afterlife” to open sealed historical spacetime, resurrecting the forgotten experience of modern colonial history in Asia, and finally inciting us to face the colonial structure, which is nowadays still at the core of Asian geopolitics. Ultimately, every kind of mediation reverts back to the media itself. The construction of the archive, the production of knowledge, and the opacity of media are revealed by the close connection between colonialism and mediation.
Rebuilding Corridor, Preserving Prestige: Lim Boon Keng and Overseas Chinese–China Relations
Authors: Keong Ong Soon
Published: June 2020

Why would a foreign-born overseas Chinese endeavor to reconnect with or return to China? While scholars have generally attributed such acts to the emigrant’s primordial affinity to the ancestral homeland, or his nationalistic concerns for China, historian Philip Kuhn’s recent conception of “corridors” allows us to instead focus on the personal and socio-economic reasons behind the emigrant’s engagement with China. This article examines a well-known effort by a third-generation overseas Chinese from Singapore, Lim Boon Keng (1869–1957), who re-established a corridor to China and eventually returned to work in Xiamen. Lim was secure with his racial hybridity and with the fact that he was an overseas Chinese; and it was in response to the changing socio-economic conditions in Singapore that he acknowledged Chinese culture and China, and hoped to use them to ensure the welfare and continual prosperity of his Straits Chinese community in their place of residence.
Aegiochus gracilipes (Hansen, 1895) a senior synonym of Aegiochus tara Bruce, 2009 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Aegidae)
Authors: HUGHES LAUREN E. , BRUCE NIEL L. , OSBORN KAREN
Published: June 2020

Aegiochus gracilipes Hansen, 1895 was described from a single immature specimen accompanied by three figures (Hansen 1895). Hansen (1916) subsequently reported the species without figures. Over the next 100 years A. gracilipes only appeared in the literature as a citation in larger review and cataloguing studies. Most significantly, Bruce (2009) transferred A. gracilipes from Aega Leach, 1815 to Aegiochus Bovallius, 1885, as part of a broader study redefining the morphological characters used to distinguish Aegiochus. To the present day A. gracilipes, described from the north-eastern Atlantic off the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, is known only from the original figures and its limited primary description.
A new genus of Rhinebothriidea from species of Psammobatis (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) off Argentina
Authors: FRANZESE SEBASTIAN , IVANOV VERONICA A.
Published: June 2020

Two species of a new genus of Rhinebothriidea have been collected from species of Psammobatis Günther along the coast of Argentina. Semiorbiseptum gen. nov. is considered a rhinebothriidean for the presence of facially loculated bothridia borne on stalks and cirrus covered with spinitriches. The genus is unique in the arrangement of loculi and septa on the distal bothridial surface, including semicircular septa in the middle region. Despite the anterior-posterior orientation of bothridia, Semiorbiseptum gen. nov. fits well in the description of the family Rhinebothriidae by lacking a myzorhynchus at the adult stage and postvaginal testes, and by having vitelline follicles that are not interrupted at the level of the ovary. The two new species differ from each other in the number of facial bothridial loculi and in the microthrix pattern on the proximal bothridial surface. Unlike the majority of rhinebothrideans in the marine environment, which show high specificity for their definitive host, Semiorbiseptum mariae sp. nov. was found in two species of Psammobatis, the smallthorn sand skate Psammobatis rudis Günther and shortfin sand skate Psammobatis normani McEachran. These species have a sympatric distribution, similar to the hosts of most rhinebothrideans that parasitize more than one host. On the contrary, Semiorbiseptum alfredoi sp. nov. was found only in P. normani. This study shows that some of the characters previously proposed as possible synapomorphies for the order have interspecific variability or can be equivocally interpreted (e.g. the entrance of the vas deferens into the cirrus sac, bothridial stalk shape).
Effects of postoperative medical treatment and expectant treatment on dysmenorrhea after conservative laparoscopic surgery for deep-infiltrating endometriosis accompanied by dysmenorrhea
Authors: Zhu Qian , Ma Jue , Zhao Xiaoya , Liang Guiling , Zhai Jing , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2020

Objective

To compare the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant treatment (gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists [GnRHas] and oral contraceptives [OCs]) and expectant treatment in preventing recurrent dysmenorrhea following conservative laparoscopic surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with dysmenorrhea.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted in Shanghai, China. In total, 147 patients with dysmenorrhea who underwent conservative laparoscopic surgery for DIE were enrolled. Following surgery, patients received either postoperative adjuvant therapy (GnRHa or OCs) for 6 months or expectant treatment according to a shared medical decision-making approach. The primary outcome was the postoperative recurrence of dysmenorrhea. The secondary outcomes included reproductive outcomes and drug-induced side effects.

Results

The generalized estimating equation analysis illustrated that the visual analog scale for dysmenorrhea was significantly higher in the adjuvant treatment group than in the expectant treatment group. Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank test demonstrated that the cumulative recurrence rate was higher in the expectant treatment group than in the adjuvant treatment group, but no difference was noted between the two hormonal treatments. Similar cumulative 24-month clinical pregnancy rates were observed among the three groups.

Conclusions

Compared with expectant management, postoperative medical treatment more effectively relieved symptoms and prevented the recurrence of dysmenorrhea.
Differences Between Races in Health Information Seeking and Trust Over Time: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional, Pooled Analyses of HINTS Data
Authors: Fareed Naleef , Swoboda Christine M. , Jonnalagadda Pallavi , Walker Daniel M. , Huerta Timothy R.
Published: June 2020

Purpose:

Assessed racial disparities in health information-seeking behavior and trust of information sources from 2007 to 2017.

Design:

Pooled cross-sectional survey data.

Setting:

Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).

Participation:

Data included 6 iterations of HINTS (pooled: N = 19 496; 2007: n = 3593; 2011: n = 3959; 2013: n = 3185; Food and Drug Administration [FDA] 2015: n = 3738; 2017: n = 3285; and FDA 2017: n = 1736).

Measures:

Outcome variables were health information seeking, high confidence, and high trust of health information from several sources. Independent variable was race group, controlling for other sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables.

Analysis:

Weighted descriptive and multivariate logistic regression for the pooled sample assessed associations by race. Fully interacted models with race–survey year interactions compared differences in outcomes between years.

Results:

Black respondents, relative to white, had greater odds of having high confidence in their ability to attain health information, trust of health information from newspapers and magazines, radio, internet, television, government, charitable organizations, and religious organizations. Hispanic respondents, relative to white, had lower odds of seeking health information and trusting health information from doctors. They had higher odds of trusting health information from the radio, the internet, television, charitable organizations, and religious organizations.

Conclusion:

Disparities between races in trust of information sources remained across time. Understanding optimal information media, their reach, and credibility among racial groups could enable more targeted approaches to developing interventions. Our analytical approach minimized limitations present in the HINTS.
Infertility Management and Pharmacotherapy: What Every Pharmacist Should Know
Authors: Hutcherson Nicole E. Cieri- , Harris John Brock , Karaoui Lamis R. , Lakdawala Lauren , Lodise Nicole M. , Stone Rebecca H. , Vernon Veronica
Published: June 2020

Infertility is a significant public health concern in the United States. As such, utilization of infertility services, including pharmacotherapeutic treatments, is prevalent, and the role of the pharmacist as part of the health care team is essential. Pharmacists can assist patients by providing education on infertility causes, risk factor mitigation, referrals, nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management options, navigation of the prescription process, and resource availability for the significant financial burden accompanying infertility treatment. In-depth pharmacotherapeutic information may not be readily available to pharmacists dispensing and counseling on these medications, and infertility management regimens are often varied and complicated requiring more in-depth counseling on use and administration. Given the complexity of infertility management, pharmacists are a valuable patient support and education resource. This article provides an in-depth review of infertility management strategies, both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic.
Do Religious Primes Increase Risk Taking? Evidence Against “Anticipating Divine Protection” in Two Preregistered Direct Replications of Kupor, Laurin, and Levav (2015)
Authors: Gervais Will M. , McKee Stephanie E. , Malik Sarah
Published: June 2020

Do reminders of God encourage people to take more risks? Kupor, Laurin, and Levav (2015) reported nine studies that all yielded statistically significant results consistent with the hypothesis that they do. We conducted two large-sample Preregistered Direct Replications ( N = 1,104) of studies in Kupor et al.’s article (Studies 1a and 1b) and evaluated replicability via (a) statistical significance, (b) a “small-telescopes” approach, (c) Bayes factors (BFs), and (d) meta-analyses pooled across original and replication studies. None of these approaches replicated the original studies’ effects. Combining both original studies and both replications yielded strong evidence in support of the null over a default alternative hypothesis, BF01 = 11.04, meaning that the totality of evidence speaks against the possibility that religious primes increased nonmoral risk taking in these designs. This suggests that support for the “anticipating-divine-protection” hypothesis may be overstated.
Introducing Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) in Sweden: A social justice appraisal
Authors: Valli Chiara , Hammami Feras
Published: June 2020

In a context of growing socio-spatial polarization and of restructuring state–market relations in urban governance, a new phenomenon is emerging in Swedish cities, that is, partnerships for urban regeneration inspired by the Business Improvement District (BID) model. Through an empirical case study research on one of the most long-standing BID partnerships in Sweden – that is, BID Gamlestaden in Gothenburg – the article critically assesses whether the BID model as it has been applied in Sweden represents a socially and politically sustainable tool for urban regeneration. Namely, the study analyses the complex constellation of power entrenched in the BID, with a focus on the relations with urban governance actors ‘above’ (city planning department, public housing, real estate companies, media, politicians) and ‘below’ (residents and local businesses). Despite general claims around BIDs as successful tools for uplifting distressed neighbourhoods, BID Gamlestaden presents shortcomings regarding issues of urban social justice in terms of democratic participation and representation (democracy), disciplining and sanitizing strategies (diversity) and gentrification risks (equality). In fact, while BID partners notice improved attractiveness and sense of security and higher estate values, this improvement is based upon the removal of the most socio-economically vulnerable residents and the disciplining of residents’ and businesses’ behaviours and aesthetics. This study warns about the risk that BIDs as they are currently implemented in Sweden are used as a ‘neoliberal fix’ to move social problems elsewhere rather than solving them, which might lead to new landscapes of exclusion and gentrification.
Tertiary Education in Mauritius: Increasing Access Through International Program and Provider Mobility
Authors: Knight Jane , Motala-Timol Shaheen
Published: June 2020

Mauritius is an informative and interesting success story for increasing access of local students to tertiary education through international program and provider mobility (IPPM). This article provides a brief background on the public and private tertiary education system in Mauritius and highlights the national plans, policies, and incentives used to promote and regulate the growth of IPPM during the last two decades. IPPM enrollments doubled from 2005 to 2017 while the number of students going abroad for degrees decreased. In 2017, 35% of all students enrolled in tertiary education in Mauritius did so through IPPM. This is among the highest in the world. Favored IPPM modes include branch campuses, franchise arrangements, and distance education. The article discusses the benefits, risks, and challenges facing Mauritius in its attempt to optimize access to higher education through IPPM and to establish itself as a regional education hub. International education scholars, planners, leaders, and policy analysts will benefit from the lessons learned by Mauritius.
Sodium valproate prescription to women of childbearing age in a New Zealand inpatient psychiatric unit
Authors: Goldspink Rachel , Pumipi Toni , Dey Sangeeta , Menkes David B
Published: June 2020

Objective:

Sodium valproate’s teratogenicity has prompted increasing restriction in its use. It is still widely prescribed to women of childbearing age in New Zealand. To examine this problem, we audited the prescribing pattern of sodium valproate in a psychiatric inpatient unit in New Zealand.

Method:

We reviewed the clinical records of women admitted over a 2-year period (2016–2018). Results were analysed and compared with local and international guidelines.

Results:

Five hundred and thirty-four women of child-bearing age were admitted over the sampling period, 96 of whom (18%) were prescribed valproate on discharge. Half of these patients had diagnoses other than bipolar affective disorder, valproate’s only approved psychiatric indication in New Zealand. Pregnancy testing and contraception status were documented in a minority (29 and 10 cases, respectively). Teratogenic risk discussion was documented in only 11 cases.

Conclusions:

Prescription of valproate to women of childbearing age in our sample currently falls well short of best practice. Urgent action at both clinician and organisational levels is required to address this risk.
The Assessment of Forced Penetration: A Necessary and Further Step Toward Understanding Men’s Sexual Victimization and Women’s Perpetration
Authors: Anderson RaeAnn E. , Goodman Erica L. , Thimm Sidney S.
Published: June 2020

A unique form of sexual victimization that often goes undiscussed and, therefore, underassessed is that of being forced to penetrate another person (i.e., forced penetration). Due to forced penetration being a relatively novel addition to the definition of rape, there is a lack of assessment tools that identify forced penetration cases. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the utility and validity of new items designed to assess forced penetration. More than 1,000 participants were recruited across three different studies to assess forced penetration victimization and perpetration. The rate of forced penetration victimization ranged from 4.51% to 10.62%. Among men who reported victimization of any type, 33.8% to 58.7% of victimized men reported experiencing forced penetration across the samples, suggesting this experience is common. All new and unique cases of sexual victimization identified by the forced penetration items were those of heterosexual men. These findings suggest that assessing for forced penetration would increase the reported prevalence rates of sexual victimization, particularly in heterosexual men (and correspondingly, rates of perpetration in women).
Modelling Pathological Narcissism Using the Brief PNI in Terms of Structure and Convergent and Divergent Validity: A New Perspective
Authors: Weiss Michal , Fradkin Isaac , Huppert Jonathan D.
Published: June 2020

The Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) is a popular measure and the first to attempt to tap into both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism (GN/VN). However, data have raised questions as to whether it appropriately formulates GN and differentiates it from VN. In this study, we examined the Brief-PNI’s structure and construct validity, by using a novel model based on the theoretical notion of GN and VN sharing core features. Participants ( N = 1,061) completed the Brief-PNI, and psychological distress and social avoidance questionnaires. Results showed a better fit and differentiation of GN and VN for a model with cross-loading of shared first-order factors on GN and VN, compared with the traditional PNI structure. We concluded that the Brief-PNI can offer an appropriate formulation and differentiation of VN and GN, provided that their shared variance is considered.
Nonlinear dynamics and chaos of a nanocomposite plate subjected to electro–thermo–mechanical loads using Flügge–Lur’e–Bryrne theory
Authors: Tien Nguyen Duc , Hoang Vu Ngoc Viet , Ninh Dinh Gia , Huy Vu Le , Hung Nguyen Chi
Published: June 2020

The study investigates nonlinear vibration of functionally graded carbon nanotube–reinforced polymer plate subjected to electro–thermo–mechanical loads resting on elastic foundations by an analytical approach. Uniform and functionally graded carbon nanotubes are used to reinforce through the thickness of the plate. Furthermore, a piezoelectric layer is perfectly bonded to the top of the plate to act as an actuator. The equations of motion are derived by the Flügge–Lur’e–Bryrne theory and then applying the Galerkin method to solve differential equations. The dynamical responses such as time history, phase plane graphs, and Poincaré map are carried out in this study. In addition, the effects of environment, materials, and geometry are scrutinized. The obtained results are also compared and validated with those of other studies.
Mapping the Mitochondrial Regulation of Epigenetic Modifications in Association With Carcinogenic and Noncarcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure
Authors: Bhargava Arpit , Kumari Roshani , Khare Surbhi , Shandilya Ruchita , Gupta Pushpendra Kumar , Tiwari Rajnarayan , Rahman Akhlaqur , Chaudhury Koel , Goryacheva Irina Yu , Mishra Pradyumna Kumar
Published: June 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) refer to a ubiquitous group of anthropogenic air pollutants that are generated through incomplete carbon combustion. Although the immunotoxic nature of PAHs has been previously reported, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the mitochondrial-mediated epigenetic regulation of 2 PAHs, carcinogenic (benzo[a]pyrene; BaP) and noncarcinogenic (anthracene [ANT]), in peripheral lymphocytes. While ANT exposure triggered mitochondrial oxidative damage, no appreciable epigenetic modifications were observed. On the other hand, exposure to BaP perturbed the mitochondrial redox machinery and initiated cascade of epigenetic modifications. Cells exposed to BaP showed prominent changes in the expression of mitochondrial microRNAs (miR-24, miR-34a, miR-150, and miR-155) and their respective gene targets (NF-κβ, MYC, and p53). The exposure of BaP also caused significant alterations in the expression of epigenetic modifiers (DNMT1, HDAC1, HDAC7, KDM3a, EZH2, and P300) and hypomethylation within nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. This further induced methylation of histone tails, which play a crucial role in the regulation of chromatin structure. Overall, our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the mitochondrial regulation of epigenetic modifications in association with PAH-induced immunotoxicity.
Instagram versus reality: the design and use of self-curated photo elicitation in a study exploring the construction of Scottish identity amongst personal style influencers on Instagram
Authors: Marcella-Hood Madeleine
Published: June 2020

This paper evaluates the use of self-curated photo elicitation as a new method for exploring self-identity by reflecting on its design and use in a study of Scottish identity. The approach builds on the work of others in the fields of visual analysis and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Participants were style influencers who were asked to select and discuss a sample of their own Instagram posts that they felt represented their Scottish identity. The approach enabled deep and meaningful engagement with research participants and encouraged further revelations through asking them to reflect on how they went about choosing their posts. Participants spoke passionately and at length about the story behind these and began to understand more about themselves in doing so. Recommendations are made as to how self-curated photo elicitation could be used in future. It is proposed that this method is particularly adaptable to IPA research and studies of self-identity.
A nominal radial stiffness prediction model for HSK tool holder-spindle flange interface
Authors: Cui Li , Zhang Hongsheng
Published: June 2020

The connection characteristics of HSK tool holder-spindle system have great influences on machining precision and security of computer numerical control machine tools. In order to predict dynamic behaviors and avoid connection failure of HSK tool holder-spindle system, a nominal radial stiffness prediction model for HSK tool holder-spindle flange interface is constructed. Contact stress of spindle and HSK tool holder can be obtained by considering actual interference and actual clamping force. Considering elastic contact deformation, the plastic contact deformation, and two different regimes of elastoplastic contact deformation, a fractal model of nominal contact stiffness of HSK tool holder-spindle flange interface is proposed. In order to prove the rationality of the model, the tests are validated by a self-designed equipment. The effects of different parameters to the maximal permissible rotational speed, critical bending moment, and nominal radial stiffness of HSK tool holder-spindle connection system are researched. The results can be used as an instruction for the application of HSK tool holder and optimization of geometry parameters.
A Deeper Look Into Next Generation Active Learning Designs for Educational Leader Preparation
Authors: Cosner Shelby
Published: June 2020

Although active learning designs are recognized as elemental to stronger learning designs, there is limited literature on active learning pedagogical approaches for use in educational leader preparation. This article names problem- and case-based learning, simulations, and action research as “first generation” active learning pedagogical approaches and previews a set of “next generation” active learning pedagogical approaches that are the focus of and explored more deeply in this Special Issue.
Suboptimal care for chronic pancreatitis patients revealed by moderate to low adherence to the United European Gastroenterology evidence‐based guidelines (HaPanEU): A Netherlands nationwide analysis
Authors: de Rijk Florence EM , Kempeneers Marinus A , Bruno Marco J , Besselink Marc GH , van Goor Harry , Boermeester Marja A , van Geenen Erwin JM , van Hooft Jeanin E , van Santvoort Hjalmar C , Verdonk Robert C ,   Dutch Pancreatitis Study Group
Published: June 2020

Background and objective

The 2016, United European Gastroenterology evidence‐based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis (HaPanEU) provided evidence‐based recommendations for the management of chronic pancreatitis and allowed for the objective evaluation of the quality of care in several domains of disease management through assessment of guideline adherence. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the current level and the variety of care for chronic pancreatitis patients in the Netherlands using the HaPanEU guidelines as a reference standard. The majority of these patients were diagnosed before the publication of these guidelines. Therefore, in most patients, the results of the present study with respect to those recommendations regarding the diagnostic process of chronic pancreatitis represent guideline correspondence and not adherence.

Methods

A subgroup of patients from the Dutch nationwide chronic pancreatitis registry (CARE) was included in a retrospective cross‐sectional observational cohort study. A total of 39 recommendations concerning the non‐invasive management of chronic pancreatitis were appointed as quality indicators (QIs). Per patient, the number of relevant QIs was determined and guideline adherence was assessed. Data were analyzed to identify factors associated with guideline adherence.

Results

Overall, 97 patients with chronic pancreatitis from 11 hospitals were included. Per patient, a mean number of 26 relevant QIs was applicable, with an average adherence rate of 53%. In 45% of the patients, guideline adherence was less than 50%. The majority of suboptimal managed QIs concerned the management of chronic pancreatitis complications. Guideline adherence was not associated with hospital type, sex, age or etiology of pancreatitis.

Conclusion

In the Netherlands, adherence to the HaPanEU recommendations for the management of chronic pancreatitis is moderate to low for all non‐invasive domains, which may indicate suboptimal care for these patients. Closer guideline adherence could improve the level of care and the clinical outcomes of these patients. A nationwide approach to increase awareness of the key guideline recommendations among clinicians and patients is needed.
Can Tissue Expansion Reconstruction in the Trunk of Children Increase the Risk of Scoliosis?
Authors: Yen Paul , Bucevska Marija , Reilly Christopher , Verchere Cynthia
Published: June 2020

Introduction:

We hypothesize that treatment of significant truncal lesions with truncal tissue expanders and subsequent flap surgery in pediatric patients may increase the risk of scoliosis. This study aims to investigate any relationship between tissue expansion (TE) and scoliosis and to compare the prevalence of scoliosis in our tissue expander population to the general population.

Methods:

Health records of patients who underwent truncal TE at BC Children’s Hospital between 1997 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. The cross-sectional component of the study consisted of radiological imaging to establish the presence or absence of scoliosis.

Results:

We identified 28 patients who underwent truncal TE over the study period. Ten had a scoliosis X-ray on their chart or as a part of the study. Three (10.7%) patients were identified as having developed scoliosis after TE.

Conclusions:

We recommend that pediatric TE patients be made aware of the potential complication of scoliosis and be followed closely in the years during and after their treatment, in order to allow for preventative measures, early diagnosis and early management (if required).
A rapid response-type doctor car system shortened time to intravenous thrombolytic therapy for patients with ischemic stroke: an observational study at a single emergency center in Japan
Authors: Yoshioka Yuki , Gamo Mina , Yoneda Ryuhei , Matsunaga Naoki , Takada Tadaaki , Fukuta Yasushi , Sato Koichi
Published: June 2020

Background

For patients with ischemic stroke, rapid reperfusion therapy is extremely important. In April 2015, our medical center introduced a rapid response-type doctor car (RRC) system. Here, an emergency medical team, including a physician, is dispatched to the patient’s prehospital location. The team then assesses the patient and, if necessary, initiates infusion therapy, excluding thrombolytic therapy. Before arriving at the hospital, a prehospital physician orders the preparation of diagnostic tools and conducts an early consultation to a neurologist in order to begin thrombolytic therapy more swiftly. This study aimed to determine whether the RRC system shortened the time to commence intravenous reperfusion therapy in patients with ischemic stroke. This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary emergency center in Japan. Cases of patients with ischemic stroke who underwent intravenous thrombolytic therapy from January 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups: RRC group (intervened by RRC system) and non-RRC group (not intervened by RRC system). The groups’ door-to-needle (DTN) time was compared.

Results

During the study period, 140 patients received intravenous thrombolytic therapy. Among those, 28 were in the RRC group and 28 received the usual prehospital care. Of 56 patients, the median age was 82 years old, and 42.9% of patients were male. The median NIHSS was 14 (IQR 10–21). As for demographics, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Median DTN time was 67 min (IQR 55–79) in RRC group vs. 81 min (IQR 69–107) in usual care group, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

In this study, patients with ischemic stroke in RRC group received intravenous thrombolytic therapy in a shorter time compared to the group that received usual care.
Alteration of gut microbiota affects expression of adiponectin and resistin through modifying DNA methylation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Yao Hongyang , Fan Chaonan , Lu Yuanyuan , Fan Xiuqin , Xia Lulu , Li Ping , Wang Rui , Tang Tiantian , Wang Yuanyuan , Qi Kemin
Published: June 2020

Background

Adiponectin and resistin are typically secreted by the adipose tissue and are abnormally expressed in obesity. However, the underlying influential factors and mechanisms are to be elucidated. It is well known that the expression of genes is regulated by epigenetics while gut microbiota participates in epigenetic processes through its metabolites such as folate, biotin, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Therefore, we supposed that alteration of gut microbiota might affect the transcriptional expression of adiponectin and resistin through epigenetic regulation in obesity.

Methods

C57BL/6J mice were fed either a high-fat diet (34.9% fat by wt., 60% kcal) or a normal-fat diet (4.3% fat by wt., 10% kcal) for 16 weeks, with ampicillin and neomycin delivered via drinking water to interfere with gut microbiota development. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The mRNA expression levels of genes were measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. SCFA contents in feces were examined using gas chromatography.

Results

Alteration of the gut microbiota induced by antibiotic use, characterized by a dramatic reduction of the phylum Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and an increase of Proteobacteria with reductions of genera including Lactobacillus, norank_f_Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Alistipes, Desulfovibrio, Helicobacter, etc., and increases in Bacteroides, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, inhibited the body weight gain in mice fed the high-fat diet instead of the normal-fat diet. The mRNA expression of adiponectin and resistin was upregulated by antibiotic use in mice fed the high-fat diet, accompanied by increased expression of fat oxidation and thermogenesis-related genes (PPAR-α, Pgc-1α, and Atgl) in the fat and/or liver, whereas no change in the expression of adiponectin and resistin was found in mice fed the normal-fat diet. Furthermore, antibiotic use reduced DNA methylation fractions of the adiponectin and resistin promoters and downregulated the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and 3a (DNMT1 and DNMT3a) with the high-fat diet feeding.

Conclusion

Alteration of gut microbiota induced by antibiotic use may affect the expression of adiponectin and resistin in mice fed the high-fat diet by modifying promoter DNA methylation, thus leading to increased fatty acid oxidation and less body weight gain.
Genetic parameters of resistance to pasteurellosis using novel response traits in rabbits
Authors: Shrestha Merina , Garreau Hervé , Balmisse Elodie , Bed’hom Bertrand , David Ingrid , Guitton Edouard , Helloin Emmanuelle , Lenoir Guillaume , Maupin Mickaël , Robert Raphaël , Lantier Frédéric , Gunia Mélanie
Published: June 2020

Background

Pasteurellosis (Pasteurella infection) is one of the most common bacterial infections in rabbits on commercial farms and in laboratory facilities. Curative treatments using antibiotics are only partly efficient, with frequent relapses. Breeding rabbits for improved genetic resistance to pasteurellosis is a sustainable alternative approach. In this study, we infected 964 crossbred rabbits from six sire lines experimentally with Pasteurella multocida. After post-mortem examination and bacteriological analyses, abscess, bacteria, and resistance scores were derived for each rabbit based on the extent of lesions and bacterial dissemination in the body. This is the first study to use such an experimental design and response traits to measure resistance to pasteurellosis in a rabbit population. We investigated the genetic variation of these traits in order to identify potential selection criteria. We also estimated genetic correlations of resistance to pasteurellosis in the experimental population with traits that are under selection in the breeding populations (number of kits born alive and weaning weight).

Results

Heritability estimates for the novel response traits, abscess, bacteria, and resistance scores, ranged from 0.08 (± 0.05) to 0.16 (± 0.06). The resistance score showed very strong negative genetic correlation estimates with abscess (− 0.99 ± 0.05) and bacteria scores (− 0.98 ± 0.07). A very high positive genetic correlation of 0.99 ± 0.16 was estimated between abscess and bacteria scores. Estimates of genetic correlations of the resistance score with average daily gain traits for the first and second week after inoculation were 0.98 (± 0.06) and 0.70 (± 0.14), respectively. Estimates of genetic correlations of the disease-related traits with average daily gain pre-inoculation were favorable but with high standard errors. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations of the disease-related traits with commercial selection traits were not significantly different from zero.

Conclusions

Disease response traits are heritable and are highly correlated with each other, but do not show any significant genetic correlations with commercial selection traits. Thus, the prevalence of pasteurellosis could be decreased by selecting more resistant rabbits on any one of the disease response traits with a limited impact on the selection traits, which would allow implementation of a breeding program to improve resistance to pasteurellosis in rabbits.