bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of The Relevance between The Content of The English Textbook “Headlines” for Grade XII and “Focal Point” by BSNP
Authors: Dwi Erna Finandiati  , Rahayu Apriliaswati  , Sumarni
Published: November 2022

The research is aimed to investigate the relevance between the focused materials in the English Textbook “Headlines” for grade XII and the criteria demanded by Focal Point. This research used qualitative research. This study used content analysis as the methodology. Based on the findings of analyzing the content of the textbook "Headlines" for XII grade of high school, it is found that the textbook content only fulfilled the 11 (eleven) points criteria of the focal point with a total of 31 points from A, B, and C of relevancy and it even did not reach half of the total. Therefore, it can be concluded that the textbook's content and related activities should be redesigned by following the criteria of Focal Point.
Factors influencing uptake of career counselling services among university students in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Newa Elsie Opiyo , Kathungu Beatrice , Wasanga Christine
Published: November 2022

Failure to take up career counselling services among university students continues to be a concern for learning institutions and policy makers. The concern has been marked by policy interventions aimed at ensuring graduates access career information. In Kenya, universities have developed policies and programmes that encourage uptake of career counselling services. Despite these attempts, there has been minimal uptake of the services among students. The purpose of the study was to assess the level of uptake of career counselling services in Kenyan universities. The target population was fourth-year undergraduate students. A stratified simple random sampling method was used. Standardized instruments were used to collect data. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using tables. Quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24. The level of uptake of career counselling services was low. The study recommended clear policies and guidelines that would reinforce career counselling programmes in universities in Nairobi City County.
Affixation as a derivational process in Tiv
Authors: Damkor Torkuma Tyonande , Tyoh Jude Terkaa , Igbe Esther Ngunan
Published: November 2022

The study of morphology is of the essence in every language in order to understand the processes involved in word creation and inflection. Affixation in Tiv has been studied by many researchers, however, more attention is given to the inflectional aspect of Affixation in the language. Although, a well-cited book in Tiv treats both inflectional and derivational morphology in the language, this book does not study Affixation with a theoretical back up. In addition to that, the book features a misrepresentation about the derivational processes in Tiv, hence, the paper set to examine Affixation as a word-derivation process in Tiv using Hockett’s theory of Item-and–Arrangement and Item-and-Process. The researchers collected data for the study through primary and secondary sources. The study presents the following findings: nouns are derived from verbs by attaching the prefix {m-} to roots, formation of diminutive nouns is by adding the prefix {an-} to roots, and the derivation of nouns from adjectives is done through prefixation and suffixation of roots with {m-} and {-n} respectively. The study contributes to the existing literature on Tiv morphology by discovering the derivational processes in Tiv and removing the formation of agentive nouns from the derivational processes in the language in order to correct the misrepresentation of the agentive formation process as part of derivational Affixation.
Exploration of society and conflicts in Kaduna Metropolis in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries
Authors: Wuam Terhemba , Jatau Gaius
Published: November 2022

The paper using primary and secondary sources is a study the evolution of conflict as a threat to the peace and security of Kaduna metropolis and the effects of crises on its social and economic development. The finding of the paper reveal that the diversity of residents and divisions along the Christian/Muslim dichotomy in Kaduna makes the city to be reflective of the wider Nigerian society with its inherent triggers towards conflict when relations among groups are not properly managed. The paper through exploring conflicts within Kaduna in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries found that the conflicts contributed to segregation in the metropolis and greatly affected social and economic development. The paper in appraising the triggers of the various conflicts such as the Sharia crises and the Miss World riots note that these were neither inevitable or premeditated, but often occurred as a result of flashpoint events then escalated due to the absence of reliable conflict mitigating frameworks such as effective security and credible inter-faith dialogue, which would have offered rapid remedial and preventive responses cognizant of the existing fault lines.
Climate change and agriculture: Analysis and implication on South Africa
Authors: Odimegwu Frank
Published: November 2022

Environmental change is the greatest threat to human life on the planet in the twenty first century. Its miles a manner of unnatural weather exchange, relatively because of ‘nursery gases’ as an after effect of human interest. Agricultural sector is anticipated to be adversely impacted by environmental change both in the present and in the future, thereby negatively impacting means livelihood and food security. Agriculture undoubtedly is a vital economic factor, and means of livelihoods in South Africa. Because Climate change is expected to reduce crop yields in South Africa, thus affecting food security and livelihood, adaptation strategies need to be implemented to mitigate climate change effects. This paper gives a detailed analysis and implications of environmental change effects on agriculture sectors and significance for achieving growth results such as food security, poverty alleviation, and sustainability in South Africa. Future Prospects for South Africa show decreased rainfall, rising heat, and high unpredictability for the better part of the area coupled with severe declines on the drier and marginal western areas, hence it will affect food security.  These consequences has great effects for farming production in South Africa. As a result, South Africa is expected to see 10% to 50% reductions in agricultural output, a situation that might increase food insecurity in the region.  By perfecting knowledge through educational institutions, knowledge will be raised concerning the impact of climate change and how to militate against present and anticipated circumstances.
Public administration and public safety in Anambra State of Nigeria
Authors: Osy-Agbata Ngozi Benedette
Published: November 2022

The study is on public administration and public safety in Anambra State. The essence is to examine how public safety is influenced by public administration. The study was necessitated by the poor nature of public safety in the study area. A quantitative research design was used for the study.  Three basic objectives guided the study and accordingly three research questions were raised. The population consised of citizens residing in Awka town the capital of Anambra state. A sample of 150 respondents was drawn using a print questionnaire titled Public Administration and Public Safety Questionnaire (PAPUSQ). The questionnaire Cronbach-Alpha reliability index was 0.82 which is indicative of high reliability and simple percentage was used to analyse the three research questions  that guide the study with 50% as bench mark. Results indicated that nature of public safety in the state is rather poor. Many citizens do not enjoy the dividends of good governance. In the same manner, the study discovered that one of ways to improve public administration in order to forestall public safety is by eradication of corruption, prosecution of corrupt public administrators among others. It was suggested that the masses should elect only credible persons to hold public offices. Also, there is need to put systems and structures in place to checkmate the excesses of public administrators. The study therefore concluded that public administration has a critical role to play in ensuring public safety.
Socio-economic determinants of demand for healthcare utilization in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria
Authors: Mobosi Ikechukwu Andrew , Okonta Patrick Onochie , Ameh Chika Anayochukwu
Published: November 2022

Quality health is socially and economically beneficial as a healthy population is more productive at work. Also, healthy infants develop and perform better in learning and cognitive ability, thus, becoming productive adults in the future. A healthy population contributes to a great extent to the development and growth of the economy. However, the costs of demand for healthcare and the socio-economic conditions of the masses may constitute major impediments to the healthcare demand of the populace. In the light of this, the paper investigates the perceived socioeconomic push factors that determine healthcare demand in Nsukka local government metropolises. Specifically, the paper interrogates the differences in the healthcare demand by people of different age groups, educational attainment, and income levels in Nsukka Metropolis. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used in data analyses.  The variables of interest included visits to the hospital for regular medical checkups, completion of medication, choice of hospital, use of treated insecticidal nets, response when sick, and nature of treatment sought when sick. Findings show that income and age significantly influence healthcare demand in the Nsukka metropolis. Elderly people were found to be more conscious of their health, and as a result, have the highest percentage of healthcare demand. The paper finds that people of higher income levels demand more healthcare than those in lower-income groups. There is a slight difference in the healthcare demand by people of different educational backgrounds since the majority of them misuse drugs, practice self-medication, and neglect regular medical checkups.
1 - On Resuscitating the Aborted National Project: A Retrospective and Prospective View (Notes from my Last Conversation with Thandika Mkandawire)
Authors: Cheru Fantu
Published: November 2022

Text of the Inaugural Thandika Mkandawire Annual Memorial Lecture presented at the 3rd edition of the Social Policy in Africa Conference convened virtually from 22–24 November 2021.

Fantu Cheru, Emeritus Professor of International Political Economy, American University, Washington, DC. Email: cherufantu@gmail.com
3 - L’illusion du e-voting dans les organisations syndicales de Côte d’Ivoire1 : entre légitimité et défis démocratiques
Authors: Kouadio Yao Adoman Francis
Published: November 2022

Sur la base de la méthodologie qualitative alliant données de terrain et documentation, cet article vise, à travers une étude au sein du syndicat RESAFIG (Renouveau syndical des agents des Finances générales), à comprendre les processus sociaux de légitimation de la technique de vote à l’œuvre dans les organisations syndicales en Côte d’Ivoire. De manière spécifique, elle montre, au prisme de la théorie de la légitimité organisationnelle, que les contraintes internes et externes au syndicat induisent le maintien du vote physique, bien que cette technique produise un faible taux de participation électorale et un recul démocratique. Sur cette base, l’analyse conclut, d’une part, que la satisfaction par les dirigeants syndicaux des attentes socio-corporatistes des syndiqués est la source légitimant le contournement du vote électronique. D’autre part, des responsables syndicaux intimidés et punis par l’État du fait des revendications corporatistes phagocytent indirectement l’engagement politique des syndiqués, ce qui traduit leur indifférence à l’égard du maintien du vote physique.

Yao Adoman Francis Kouadio, Docteur en sociologie, membre du Cabinet d’étude West Africa Social Science Laboratory (WASSLAB), chercheur associé au Bureau des Etudes Stratégiques (BESTRAT). E-mail : adomanfrancis@gmail.com
4 - Droit d’accès à l’internet et ordre public électoral en Afrique : la crédibilisation institutionnelle au Congo-Kinshasa à l’épreuve de la surveillance e-citoyenne
Authors: Bira’Mbovote Jacques Kambale
Published: November 2022

« ... les citoyens ont la capacité de gouverner parce qu’ils peuvent s’informer ».    Goupil 2007:38

Le processus électoral en Afrique ne cesse de surprendre bon nombre d’observateurs. Une des dernières innovations des pouvoirs en place, c’est la coupure intempestive de l’internet avant, pendant ou après le scrutin. D’où la question au centre du débat : l’ordre public électoral peut-il justifier la restriction du droit d’accès à l’internet ? Pour y répondre, les élections couplées de décembre 2018 au Congo-Kinshasa ont été au centre de cette étude. Ainsi, pendant cette période, deux approches ont émergé. Axée sur le monopole de la contrainte avec ses présupposés philosophiques de hiérarchie, d’ordre et de normativité d’en haut, et liée au double passé colonial et dictatorial du pays de Lumumba, la tendance étatiste se fonde sur la raison d’État sous couvert de l’ordre public qui tend à contrecarrer l’intervention citoyenne sur la scène publique. De l’autre côté, le modèle égalitariste, sous la houlette des défenseurs des droits humains et des activistes de mouvements citoyens, s’appuie sur le caractère sacré et fondamental du droit d’accès à l’internet, une composante essentielle du droit à l’information et de la liberté d’expression. Dans une approche à la fois systémique et historique, notre analyse débouche sur un modèle « entre- deux » : le modèle contractualiste, qui marie l’ordre public aux exigences démocratiques de la surveillance e-citoyenne du processus électoral.

Jacques Kambale Bira’Mbovote, Assistant et doctorant, faculté de droit, chercheur au CRIDHAC et au Centre d’études politiques (CEP)/Université de Kinshasa. Email : jacqueskambale01@gmail.com
9 - Digital Technologies and Election Management in Zimbabwe: Pseudo-democratic Transition and Contorted Delirium?
Authors: Mude Torque
Published: November 2022

This article examines the extent to which the adoption of biometric voter registration in election management in Zimbabwe has appeared a phantom on the horizon regarding democratisation. While the emergence of digitalised election management brought with it expectations of credible electoral processes and outcomes in a country with a history of rampant electoral malpractices in manually managed processes, the phenomenon is yet to yield positive results regarding democratisation in Zimbabwe. Despite the shift from manually managed electoral process to a digitalised approach, the quagmire of irregularities has persisted in Zimbabwean elections. This is largely attributable to the trajectory of governance in Zimbabwe which appears to militate against the exploitation of the opportunities presented by digital technologies in democratising elections in the county. This said, the conclusion drawn from this article is that the configuration of political power, particularly issues of the breach of the democratic principles of separation of power and separation of personnel, are disingenuous to technology-induced democratic transition to credible elections. Secondary research was used to obtain data for this article as data were gathered from books, journal articles, newspaper articles and institutional reports.

Torque Mude, Senior Lecturer, Department of Politics and Public Management, Midlands State University, Zimbabwe. Research Fellow, Regional Integration and AfCFTA Cluster, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Sub-Regional Office for Eastern Africa, Kigali, Rwanda. Email: mudetorque@gmail.com; mudeta@staff.msu.ac.zw; torque.mude@un.org
Attitude face au risque & Assurance d'entreprise
Authors: Pozzana Tony
Published: November 2022

Les entreprises ayant des activités industrielles à risque d’accident majeur mettent en place différentes dispositions pour traiter les risques liés à leurs installations. L’une des techniques de traitement du risque est l’assurance, qui permet à un exploitant de transférer une partie de la composante financière des pertes éventuelles à un assureur, ou un groupe d’assureurs. En contrepartie du paiement d’une prime d’assurance, les assureurs garantissent que les victimes éventuels des sinistres seront compensées et facilitent un traitement rapide des dossiers de demande d’indémnisation. Malgré l’importance du rôle de l’assurance d’entreprise dans la gestion des risques industriels, cette activité reste relativement peu connue. Dans ce document, l’auteur cherche à décrypter le rôle de l’assurance dans le management des risques, en nous présentant les différents intervenants (risk manager, assureur, réassureur, courtier, expert d’assurance, ingénieur préventionniste), les types de contrats qui peuvent être souscrits, et la typologie de garanties disponibles sur le marché de l’assurance.
Gobierno corporativo y gestión de activos en el sector eléctrico
Authors: Guzmán Vásquez Alexander , Trujillo Dávila María Andrea , García Sierra Rodolfo , Prada Ramírez Francisco Javier
Published: November 2022

En el marco de una adecuada gestión, las empresas deben administrar eficientemente la inversión que realizan en sus activos operativos, tarea que puede ser más critica para la supervivencia de algunas que operan en determinados sectores e industrias, específicamente aquellas del sector eléctrico. En estas empresas se requiere destinar una cantidad representativa de recursos financieros a los activos fijos utilizados en la operación para garantizar la inversión efectiva y el adecuado mantenimiento. Lo anterior, no solo está directamente relacionado con la rentabilidad anual, sino que determina la capacidad de la empresa de generar valor en el largo plazo. Esto se hace más complejo cuando se privilegia los resultados en el corto plazo, y en general, cuando decisiones no alineadas con las necesidades de la empresa pueden llevar a una subinversión en el mantenimiento de los activos, lo que a su vez puede afectar la perdurabilidad organizacional. Es por eso que en dichas organizaciones el sistema de gobierno corporativo se debe adecuar a la preservación de valor y a la administración de los riesgos asociados a la gestión de activos, para lo cual se requiere desarrollar un diseño específico y una arquitectura de control que les permita a las juntas directivas responder adecuadamente a las necesidades, garantizar el nivel de inversiones necesario y desplegar las acciones mínimas requeridas para una apropiada gestión de los activos involucrados en la operación.En Colombia las empresas están llamadas a asumir una gestión de activos acorde con la de sus pares de otros países con los cuales compiten y, dada su importancia, a generar valor y proteger en el largo plazo el patrimonio, en medio de na consolidación de gestores de activos a escala mundial. En este libro, partiendo del conocimiento de expertos en el sector eléctrico colombiano y los lineamientos e investigaciones en materia de buenas prácticas, se reflexiona acerca del diseño del sistema de gobierno corporativo para este tipo de empresas a la luz de las necesidades que plantea la gestión de activos en dicho sector. Se puede decir, entonces, que es la primera vez que en Colombia y Latinoamérica se adelanta desde las organizaciones, y con el apoyo de la academia, una investigación en este campo en pro del bienestar del sector.
COVID-19 pandemic decreased sleep quality of medical students
Authors: Fernandes Ana Clara Aragão , Padilha Deborah de Melo Magalhães , Moura Anaís Concepción Marinho Andrade de , Aquino Carlos Eduardo França de , Lima Irinna Bruna de Araújo , Mota-Rolim Sergio Arthuro
Published: November 2022

Objective Medical students are especially vulnerable to situations of poor sleep quality due to academic demands. The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant changes and high psychological stress, causing a great impact on this population. Here we aim to analyze the influence of the pandemic on the sleep quality of medical students.

Methods Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach carried out with students from medical universities in Rio Grande do Norte state (Brazil) through the online application of two questionnaires: Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-BR) and sociodemographic questionnaire (SQ).

Results A total of 142 medical students participated in this study: 103 women and 39 men. We observed a prevalence of low sleep quality in 78.16% of the sample and that the pandemic significantly affected the sleep quality among medical students (p<0.05). We also found an alteration in the sleep pattern in 83% of the participants, mainly due to anxiety symptoms (38%). Finally, we observed no statistically significant difference in sleep quality or sleep patterns between genders or college period (p>0.05).

Discussion This rate of poor sleep quality is higher than the prevalence of periods before the pandemic (58%). Concerns about COVID-19’s negative impact on medical education, delayed training, and impact on the generation of medical jobs can directly aggravate the sleep quality.

Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced the sleep quality of medical students, increasing the prevalence of poor sleep quality and promoting changes in the sleep pattern.
Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review
Authors: Mendes Ana , Silva Vitória
Published: November 2022

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by an urgent need to move the legs, due to the presence of a discomfort sensation in the lower limbs, especially at rest. Generally, it relieves with movement. There are several studies that argue the existence of an association between this syndrome and pregnancy. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder in pregnancy are misunderstood. The objective of this narrative review is to identify and discuss some possible etiologies of RLS in pregnancy. A literature search was performed in the PubMed and ResearchGate databases by using the following search strategies: “restless legs syndrome”, “restless legs syndrome in pregnancy”, “pregnancy and vitamin D deficiency” and “pregnancy and zinc”. The publications were initially sorted through their title. After the initial process, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The included articles were sorted by authors, year, journal of publication, type of study, and organized by chronological order of publication. Among the main findings, hormonal changes, iron metabolism, vitamin D deficiency, genetic factors, zinc and magnesium fluctuations have been some of the hypotheses supporting the development or worsening of this disorder in pregnancy. Dopamine also appears to be correlated with hormonal changes, iron metabolism, ferritin, folic acid and vitamin D deficiency. In conclusion, there are several hypotheses trying to link restless legs syndrome with pregnancy. The most covered were hormonal fluctuations and iron metabolism. However, this thematic is still highly discussed, creating the need for additional and thorough research.
Associations of sleep and emotion regulation processes in childhood and adolescence - a systematic review, report of methodological challenges and future directions
Authors: Lollies Friederike , Schnatschmidt Marisa , Bihlmeier Isabell , Genuneit Jon , In-Albnon Tina , Holtmann Martin , Legenbauer Tanja , Schlarb Angelika Anita
Published: November 2022

Sleep and emotions are closely associated; however, the methodological challenges in the examination of sleep and the processes of emotion regulation in children and adolescents have not been investigated so far. Additionally, there is the demand to identify the levels of emotion regulating processes in which problematic or restricted sleep causes effect. Experimental sleep deprivation as well as prevalent sleep problems have been found to have negative influence on mental health and regulating functions. This review focuses first on the methodological protocols of the included studies. Subsequently, the results are summarized in the context of a multilevel model of emotion regulation. Thereafter, suggestions for future directions are given. Sleep problems and sleep deprivation are associated with a decrease of functional emotion regulating behavior and impaired emotion generation, and prolonged sleep enhances better mood and affect states, positive emotion expression, and faster sensory processing in response to emotional stimuli. This literature review highlights the limitations in current research, focusing on types of measurements, task characteristics, and data analysis. At the conclusion, suggestions are given for the future research direction in the field of sleep and emotion regulation in children and adolescents.
Practice recommendations for the role of physiotherapy in the management of sleep disorders: the 2022 Brazilian Sleep Association Guidelines
Authors: Frange Cristina , Franco Aline Marques , Brasil Evelyn , Hirata Raquel Pastrello , Lino Juliana Arcanjo , Mortari Daiana Moreira , Ykeda Daisy Satomi , Leocádio-Miguel Mario André , D’Aurea Carolina Vicaria Rodrigues , Silva Luciana Oliveira e , Telles Susana Cristina Lerosa , Furlan Sofia Fontanello , Peruchi Bruno Búrigo , Leite Camila Ferreira , Yagihara Fabiana Tokie , Campos Leticia Dominguez , Ulhôa Melissa Araújo , Cruz Moara Gomes da Rocha , Beidacki Ricardo , Santos Ronaldo Batista , Queiroz Sandra Souza de , Barreto Simone , Piccin Vivien Schmeling , Coelho Fernando Morgadinho Santos , Studart Luciana , Assis Marcia , Drager Luciano F.
Published: November 2022

This clinical guideline supported by the Brazilian Sleep Association comprises a brief history of the development of Brazilian sleep physiotherapy, outlines the role of the physiotherapist as part of a sleep health team, and describes the clinical guidelines in respect of the management of some sleep disorders by the physiotherapist (including sleep breathing disorders, i.e., obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, upper airway resistance syndrome, hypoventilation syndromes and overlap syndrome, and pediatric sleep breathing disorders; sleep bruxism; circadian rhythms disturbances; insomnia; and Willis-Ekbom disease/periodic limb movement disorder. This clinical practice guideline reflects the state of the art at the time of publication and will be reviewed and updated as new information becomes available.
Engineering trustworthy secure systems
Authors: Ross Ron , Winstead Mark , McEvilley Michael
Published: November 2022

This publication describes a basis for establishing principles, concepts, activities, and tasks for engineering trustworthy secure systems. Such principles, concepts, activities, and tasks can be effectively applied within systems engineering efforts to foster a common mindset to deliver security for any system, regardless of the system's purpose, type, scope, size, complexity, or the stage of its system life cycle. The intent of this publication is to advance systems engineering in developing trustworthy systems for contested operational environments (generally referred to as systems security engineering) and to serve as a basis for developing educational and training programs, professional certifications, and other assessment criteria.
Samlede anmeldelser
Authors: Danske Studier
Published: November 2022

Anmeldelser af:
Kathrine Thisted Petersen: Ebba Hjorth (ledende redaktør), Henrik Galberg Jacobsen, Bent Jørgensen, Birgitte Jacobsen, Merete Korvenius Jørgensen og Laurids Kristian Fahl (red.): Dansk Sproghistorie. Bd. 3. Bøjning og bygning
Henrik Jørgensen: Ebba Hjorth (ledende redaktør), Henrik Galberg Jacobsen, Bent Jørgensen, Birgitte Jacobsen, Merete Korvenius Jørgensen og Laurids Kristian Fahl (red.): Dansk Sproghistorie. Bd. 4 Dansk i brug
Anette Lassen: Jürg Glauser, Pernille Hermann, Stephen A. Mitchell (red.). Handbook of Pre-Modern Nordic Memory Studies. Interdisciplinary Approaches. 2 bind
Erik Skyum-Nielsen: Keld Zeruneith: Da de tog land. Historie, drømme og digtning i sagatidens Island
Frans Gregersen: Sven-Göran Malmgren og Birgitta Agazzi: Bertil Molde. Språkvårdare och folkbildare; Ulf Teleman: Nordister och nordistik i Lund - från 1860- till 1930-tal
Ellen Krefting: Henrik Horstbøll, Ulrik Langen og Frederik Stjernfelt: Grov Konfækt. Tre vilde år med trykkefrihed 1770-73
Marie-Louise Svane: Kirsten Dreyer: Kamma Rahbek og livet på Bakkehuset. Et kulturelt miljø i guldalderen; Lone Krogsholm: Dristig som en mand. Renna Hauchs kamp for ligestilling
Nils Gunder Hansen: Flemming Begrendt: Livsrusen. En bog om Henrik Pontoppidan
Lotte Thrane: Benedikte F. Rostbøll (udg.): Karen Blixens afrikanske farm. En brevsamling 1913-31
Anders Ehlers Dam: Peer E. Sørensen: Modernismens ansigter
Erik A. Svendsen: Anders Ehlers Dam (red.): Den stumme myte. Nedslag i efterkrigstidens kulturkritik
Aage Jørgensen: Thomas Bredsdorff: Litteraturen giver form til en følelse 1960-2019. Essays om liv, forskning og digtning
Christian Dahl: Dan Ringgaard: Chaplins pind. Et essay om litteratur og kreativitet
Origem, expansão e interiorização da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no Brasil
Authors: De Oliveira Corrêa Filho Itamar , Antônio da Paixão Jairo , De Oliveira e Nogueira Marlice
Published: November 2022

A Educação profissional e tecnológica assume nos últimos anos um importante papel de transformação social e de construção da cidadania de vários jovens e adultos brasileiros. Porém, os Institutos Federais ainda assumem para o capital a imagem de instituição de ensino que tem como finalidade atender prioritariamente a formação e a certificação de mão de obra para o mercado de trabalho local. Assim, para compreender os caminhos e as perspectivas futuras da Educação profissional e tecnológica é fundamental conhecer e interpretar sua historicidade e entender a conjuntura social, econômica e política em que a Rede Federal e os Institutos Federais se constituíram. O presente artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma retrospectiva sobre os avanços e os retrocessos da Educação profissional e tecnológica no Brasil, considerando o período compreendido entre o Brasil Império até o fim do governo do presidente Michel Temer (2018), e por meio desses dados, analisar os caminhos e as perspectivas futuras da Educação profissional e tecnológica no país. Destacou-se as transformações significativas que marcaram a Educação profissional e tecnológica no governo do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Em conclusão, notou-se uma considerável evolução social e educacional com os processos de expansão e de interiorização da Rede Federal, em que o principal objetivo foi reduzir os abismos educacionais nos processos formativos de jovens e adultos brasileiros. Todavia, compreende-se ainda as dificuldades impostas pelo atual governo e pelo sistema capitalista para a continuidade de um projeto educacional audacioso e necessário para o ensino profissional no Brasil.
Concepções de professores sobre o Ensino Médio Integrado e a problemática da não integração
Authors: Melo Mayara , Silva Roberto Ribeiro
Published: November 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo investigar a forma como o Ensino Médio Integrado tem sido desenvolvido em Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, a partir das concepções de docentes que atuam no Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional. Com isso, são identificadas possíveis implicações e dificuldades para a implementação de propostas que dialoguem com a ideia de integração prevista em no Documento Base que orienta o Ensino Médio Integrado. A abordagem metodológica foi de natureza qualitativa, sendo orientada pela Teoria Fundamentada de Dados conforme proposto por Charmaz (2009). Os dados empíricos foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez professores: que atuam no Ensino Médio Integrado nas chamadas Ciências da Natureza e com aqueles que atuam especificamente nas disciplinas da formação técnica em Institutos Federais situados em três regiões do país. Os resultados indicam que há tendência ao desenvolvimento de propostas curriculares que assumam uma perspectiva tradicional, que são reflexo de três aspectos: fatores socioeconômicos e culturais, concepções pedagógicas e relativas ao planejamento e aspectos institucionais/administrativos. Percebe-se que avanços no sentido da integração se dão a partir do reconhecimento do significado da proposta e da viabilização de espaços de formação permanente para a gestão e corpo docente.
Rajyoga meditation: effects on visual evoked potentials in migraine patients
Authors: Kacker Sudhanshu , Sharma Anshul , Somani Sheshav , Kawale Shailesh K , Sak Amit
Published: November 2022

Light can precipitate migraine attacks, suggesting the visual system’s role in migraine pathophysiology. The present study hypothesized the positive effects of Rajyoga meditation on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in migraineurs. This repeated-measures study included 185 migraine patients (Group A) and 51 age-matched controls (Group B). Initially, the VEPs of both groups were recorded and compared using the Mann- Whitney U test. Subsequently, group A patients followed weekly sessions of Rajyoga meditation for three months. Then, VEPs were re-recorded and compared with preintervention measurements using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at a 5% significance level. Before the intervention, P100 latency was significantly delayed, and the P100 amplitude was significantly lower in migraine patients compared to the control group. After performing Rajyoga meditation, migraineurs showed a significant decrease in P100 latency and an increase in P100 amplitude. The present study showed favorable effects of Rajyoga meditation in migraine patients.
Gene interaction perturbation network deciphers a high-resolution taxonomy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Zaoqu , Weng Siyuan , Dang Qin , Xu Hui , Ren Yuqing , Guo Chunguang , Xing Zhe , Sun Zhenqiang , Han Xinwei
Published: November 2022

Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC) are currently identified via the snapshot transcriptional profiles, largely ignoring the dynamic changes of gene expressions. Conversely, biological networks remain relatively stable irrespective of time and condition. Here, we introduce an individual-specific gene interaction perturbation network-based (GIN) approach and identify six GIN subtypes (GINS1-6) with distinguishing features: (i) GINS1 (proliferative, 24%~34%), elevated proliferative activity, high tumor purity, immune-desert, PIK3CA mutations, and immunotherapeutic resistance; (ii) GINS2 (stromal-rich, 14%~22%), abundant fibroblasts, immune-suppressed, stem-cell-like, SMAD4 mutations, unfavorable prognosis, high potential of recurrence and metastasis, immunotherapeutic resistance, and sensitive to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy; (iii) GINS3 (KRAS-inactivated, 13%~20%), high tumor purity, immune-desert, activation of EGFR and ephrin receptors, chromosomal instability (CIN), fewer KRAS mutations, SMOC1 methylation, immunotherapeutic resistance, and sensitive to cetuximab and bevacizumab; (iv) GINS4 (mixed, 10%~19%), moderate level of stromal and immune activities, transit-amplifying-like, and TMEM106A methylation; (v) GINS5 (immune-activated, 12%~24%), stronger immune activation, plentiful tumor mutation and neoantigen burden, microsatellite instability and high CpG island methylator phenotype, BRAF mutations, favorable prognosis, and sensitive to immunotherapy and PARP inhibitors; (vi) GINS6, (metabolic, 5%~8%), accumulated fatty acids, enterocyte-like, and BMP activity. Overall, the novel high-resolution taxonomy derived from an interactome perspective could facilitate more effective management of CRC patients.
Connexin 43 hemichannels regulate mitochondrial ATP generation, mobilization, and mitochondrial homeostasis against oxidative stress
Authors: Zhang Jingruo , Riquelme Manuel A , Hua Rui , Acosta Francisca M , Gu Sumin , Jiang Jean X
Published: November 2022

Oxidative stress is a major risk factor that causes osteocyte cell death and bone loss. Prior studies primarily focus on the function of cell surface expressed Cx43 channels. Here, we reported a new role of mitochondrial Cx43 (mtCx43) and hemichannels (HCs) in modulating mitochondria homeostasis and function in bone osteocytes under oxidative stress. In murine long bone osteocyte-Y4 cells, the translocation of Cx43 to mitochondria was increased under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. H2O2 increased the mtCx43 level accompanied by elevated mtCx43 HC activity, determined by dye uptake assay. Cx43 knockdown (KD) by the CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus system resulted in impairment of mitochondrial function, primarily manifested as decreased ATP production. Cx43 KD had reduced intracellular reactive oxidative species levels and mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, live-cell imaging results demonstrated that the proton flux was dependent on mtCx43 HCs because its activity was specifically inhibited by an antibody targeting Cx43 C-terminus. The co-localization and interaction of mtCx43 and ATP synthase subunit F (ATP5J2) were confirmed by Förster resonance energy transfer and a protein pull-down assay. Together, our study suggests that mtCx43 HCs regulate mitochondrial ATP generation by mediating K+, H+, and ATP transfer across the mitochondrial inner membrane and the interaction with mitochondrial ATP synthase, contributing to the maintenance of mitochondrial redox levels in response to oxidative stress.
Adapt or perish
Authors: Williams Rohan BH
Published: November 2022

Microbial communities in wastewater treatment plants provide insights into the development and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.
Connecting to the long axis
Authors: Strange Bryan A
Published: November 2022

New study reveals how various regions of the human cortex connect to the hippocampus along its longer anterior-posterior axis, shedding light on the way this structure is functionally organized.
Ljubov’ drug k drugu or ljubov’ k drug drugu?
Authors: Bondarenko Alice
Published: November 2022

In Russian, prepositions used with the reciprocal pronoun друг друга ‘each other’ typically behave as endoclitics, placed between the two parts. However, proclitical placement of primary (non-derived) prepositions with друг друга is more frequent than previously recognized. Contrary to what is sometimes suggested, the proclitic construction surfaces not only in colloquial registers but also in Academic Russian. In this paper, the frequency and usage of such constructions are examined based on data from a web corpus, Internet articles and the search engine Google scholar. Several factors related to syntax, cognitive processing and semantics are found to interplay in the gradual merging of the two elements of друг друга, sometimes leading to a loss of endoclisis. The results are discussed in the light of grammaticalization processes of bipartite reciprocal pronouns in other languages.
Prediction of Ross River virus incidence in Queensland, Australia: building and comparing models
Authors: Qian Wei , Harley David , Glass Kathryn , Viennet Elvina , Hurst Cameron
Published: November 2022

Transmission of Ross River virus (RRV) is influenced by climatic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Accurate and robust predictions based on these factors are necessary for disease prevention and control. However, the complicated transmission cycle and the characteristics of RRV notification data present challenges. Studies to compare model performance are lacking. In this study, we used RRV notification data and exposure data from 2001 to 2020 in Queensland, Australia, and compared ten models (including generalised linear models, zero-inflated models, and generalised additive models) to predict RRV incidence in different regions of Queensland. We aimed to compare model performance and to evaluate the effect of statistical over-dispersion and zero-inflation of RRV surveillance data, and non-linearity of predictors on model fit. A variable selection strategy for screening important predictors was developed and was found to be efficient and able to generate consistent and reasonable numbers of predictors across regions and in all training sets. Negative binomial models generally exhibited better model fit than Poisson models, suggesting that over-dispersion in the data is the primary factor driving model fit compared to non-linearity of predictors and excess zeros. All models predicted the peak periods well but were unable to fit and predict the magnitude of peaks, especially when there were high numbers of cases. Adding new variables including historical RRV cases and mosquito abundance may improve model performance. The standard negative binomial generalised linear model is stable, simple, and effective in prediction, and is thus considered the best choice among all models.
MTSv: rapid alignment-based taxonomic classification and high-confidence metagenomic analysis
Authors: Furstenau Tara N. , Schneider Tsosie , Shaffer Isaac , Vazquez Adam J. , Sahl Jason , Fofanov Viacheslav
Published: November 2022

As the size of reference sequence databases and high-throughput sequencing datasets continue to grow, it is becoming computationally infeasible to use traditional alignment to large genome databases for taxonomic classification of metagenomic reads. Exact matching approaches can rapidly assign taxonomy and summarize the composition of microbial communities, but they sacrifice accuracy and can lead to false positives. Full alignment tools provide higher confidence assignments and can assign sequences from genomes that diverge from reference sequences; however, full alignment tools are computationally intensive. To address this, we designed MTSv specifically for alignment-based taxonomic assignment in metagenomic analysis. This tool implements an FM-index assisted q-gram filter and SIMD accelerated Smith-Waterman algorithm to find alignments. However, unlike traditional aligners, MTSv will not attempt to make additional alignments to a TaxID once an alignment of sufficient quality has been found. This improves efficiency when many reference sequences are available per taxon. MTSv was designed to be flexible and can be modified to run on either memory or processor constrained systems. Although MTSv cannot compete with the speeds of exact k-mer matching approaches, it is reasonably fast and has higher precision than popular exact matching approaches. Because MTSv performs a full alignment it can classify reads even when the genomes share low similarity with reference sequences and provides a tool for high confidence pathogen detection with low off-target assignments to near neighbor species.
The antibacterial mechanism of phenylacetic acid isolated from Bacillus megaterium L2 against Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Authors: Pan Hang , Xiao Yang , Xie Ailin , Li Zhu , Ding Haixia , Yuan XiaoJu , Sun Ran , Peng Qiuju
Published: November 2022

Background

Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-37 can infect grapes and other fruit trees and cause root cancer. Given the pollution and damage of chemical agents to the environment, the use of biological control has become an important area of focus. Bacillus megaterium L2 is a beneficial biocontrol strain isolated and identified in the laboratory, which has a good antibacterial effect on a variety of plant pathogens. The antibacterial metabolites of L2 were separated and purified to obtain a bioactive compound phenylacetic acid (PAA).

Methods

The potential antibacterial mechanism of PAA against A. tumefaciens T-37 strain was determined by relative conductivity, leakage of nucleic acids, proteins, and soluble total sugars, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Results

PAA showed good antibacterial activity against strain A. tumefaciens T-37 with IC50 of 0.8038 mg/mL. Our data suggested that after treatment with PAA, the relative conductivity, nucleic acid, protein, and total soluble sugar of T-37 were increased significantly compared with the chloramphenicol treatment group and the negative treatment group. The total protein synthesis of T-37 cells was inhibited, the consumption of phosphorus decreased with the increase of incubation time, and the content of ROS was significantly higher than that in the negative treatment group. Meanwhile, the activity of two key enzymes (MDH and SDH) involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) decreased. In addition, T-37 cells were found to be damaged by scanning electron microscopy observation. Our results showed that PAA can destroy cell membrane integrity, damage cell structures, affect cell metabolism, and inhibit protein synthesis to exert an antibacterial effect.

Conclusions

We concluded that the mechanism of action of the PAA against strain T-37 might be described as PAA exerting antibacterial activity by affecting cell metabolism, inhibiting protein synthesis, and destroying cell membrane integrity and cell ultrastructure. Therefore, PAA has a promising application prospect in the prevention and treatment of root cancer disease caused by A. tumefaciens.
High relative humidity improves leaf burn resistance in flowering Chinese cabbage seedlings cultured in a closed plant factory
Authors: Kang Yunyan , Wu Qiaobo , Qin Jinming , Zhong Min , Yang Xian , Chai Xirong
Published: November 2022

Plant factories that ensure the annual production of vegetable crops have sparked much attention. In the present study, thirty types of common vegetable crops from 25 species and eight families, were grown in a multi-layer hydroponic system in a closed-type plant factory to evaluate the adaptive performance. A total of 20 vegetable crops, belonging to 14 species and 4 families, unexpectedly exhibited different degrees of leaf margin necrosis in lower leaves firstly, then the upper leaves gradually. We defined this new physiological disorder as “leaf burn”. It occurred more commonly and severely in cruciferous leafy vegetables. Two different light intensities (150 and 105 µmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)), three photoperiod conditions (12, 10 and 8 h d−1) and two canopy relative air humidity (RH) (70% and 90% RH) were set to evaluate the suppression effects on leaf burn occurrence in two commercial flowering Chinese cabbage cultivars (‘Sijiu’ and ‘Chixin’), the special cruciferous vegetable in South China. We discovered that changing light conditions did not fully suppress leaf burn occurrence in the cultivar ‘Sijiu’, though lower light intensity and shorter photoperiod partly did. Interestingly, the occurrence of leaf burn was completely restrained by an increased canopy RH from 70% to 90%. Specifically, the low RH-treated seedlings occurred varying degree of leaf burn symptoms, along with rapidly decreased water potential in leaves, while the high RH treatment significantly lessened the drop in leaf water potential, together with increased photosynthetic pigment contents, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, decreased leaf stomatal aperture and density, and thus reduced the incidence of leaf burn in ‘Sijiu’ and ‘Chixin’, from 28.89% and 18.52% to zero, respectively. Taken together, high canopy RH may favor maintaining leaf water potential and improving photosynthesis performance, jointly regulating leaf burn incidence and plant growth.