bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Design Model for Information Dissemination on the Pulo Traditional Village Tourism Area in the Booklets and Leaflets
Authors: Winoto Yunus , Anwar Rully Khairul , Khadijah Ute Lies Siti
Published: January 2023

This study aims to design and construct information dissemination of the Pulo Indigenous village tourism area in Garut Regency, West Java Province. The communication media used in information dissemination activities are in the form of booklets and leaflets. The method used in this study uses the action research method. The primary data sources in this study were the traditional head of Kampung Pulo and tourists who came to Kampung Pulo. The secondary data was obtained from literature studies and the tourism office of Garut Regency. The data collection technique is done through observation, interviews, and literature study. Based on the results of the study, it is known that from the identification stage it is known that one of the factors is the lack of recognition of the Pulo Traditional Village tourist area because tourism promotion has not been optimally carried out so far, therefore it is necessary to create a promotional media in the form of disseminating information on the Pulo traditional village tourism area. The communication media used are booklets and leaflets. From the design results, the information dissemination consists of a cover, a preface, a table of contents, and the content or contents of the promotion. From the results of trials and improvements to the design of information dissemination. After disseminating information, it shows that the existence of promotional media for the Kampung Pulo tourist area in the form of booklets and leaflets is beneficial in promoting the Kampung Pulo tourist area, especially for people living outside Garut Regency.
Commodification and Shifting of Functions in the Tradition of Ngadatangkeun in Sundanese Society
Authors: Renic Gemilang Yusrima , Syarif Dede , Kurniasari Dedeh
Published: January 2023

This article discusses the shift in functions and forms of tradition in society. One of the essential functions of tradition for society is a symbolic function. This symbolic function is found through community involvement in traditional processions where they find meaning in solidarity and togetherness. However, the symbolic function of the tradition can actually be used to obtain non-symbolic interests such as achieving economic benefits. This research is focused on the Ngadatangkeun tradition in the Sundanese people in the Majalengka region, West Java. By using qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through participatory participation, interviews and literature review, this study argues that commodification has changed traditions' form and function from being symbolic to being materialistic. This commodification process has altered the symbolic social exchange in tradition into an economic function in the context of exchanging material (objects). This happens because the traditional procession has strongly emphasized aspects of material gain and private ownership as a form of materialistic attitude. This change is the background for the emergence of a new function in the Ngadatangkeun tradition, namely the economic function. However, the combination of symbolic functions and the development of new financial functions of tradition encourages tradition's duality, which complements each other rather than negates these functions.
The Roots of Violence in the Rivalry between Football Club Fans and Supporters Using the ABC Triangle Theory of Johan Galtung
Authors: Ziaul Haq Mochamad , Yudhistira Andhika
Published: January 2023

Sport is universal, loved by many people in almost all countries worldwide. As a sport that can be played by many people from all walks of life, football has the potential to be a sport capable of bringing about a spirit of unity and solidarity in a society. However, football can sometimes spark conflict and violence. Excessive football enthusiasm can lead football fans and supporters to become anarchistic and assault individuals who support other teams. This can result in material damages, injuries, and even the loss of life. This essay will examine football fanaticism and football fan violence. Using the ABC conflict triangle theory introduced by Johan Galtung, researchers will analyze how attitudes, behaviors, and contradictions that fans and supporters of football clubs own can trigger football fanaticism and violence. The researchers concluded that these three factors played a role in the outbreak of violence, coupled with other factors such as educational level and socio-economic conditions. The researcher believes that the government, through football organizations, can play a role in suppressing football fanaticism and preventing violence from occurring before, during and after football matches are held. As the core and main part of football, fans and supporters of football clubs must be self-aware and try to be more rational, calm, and not easily provoked to make football a sport that truly unites and is full of solidarity.
Sufism Healing Methods for Drug Rehabilitation in Inabah of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rusmana Asep , Wan Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin
Published: January 2023

Sufism activities include not only rituals but also pseudo-medical treatment. This can be seen from the daily life of the Qadiriyyah and Naqsabandiyah (TQN) congregation at the Suryalaya Islamic Boarding School, Tasikmalaya, West Java. Known as a center for Islamic learning, this pesantren also offers spiritual healing, namely inabah to cure drug victims. This study aims to explore this Sufi inabah . Based on a qualitative ethnographic study at this site, the study analyzes explicitly a method of treatment called inabah. This is a unique technique used by Sufis to cure drug patients. This study shows that the Sufis provide spiritual and technical guidance in the treatment process to increase the awareness of drug victims through quasi-medical and spiritual processes. In the view of the Sufis, drugs can be cured by growing spiritual activities, such as remembrance and prayer. More than that, this method also requires the practice of realized repentance, fasting, bathing, and other related processes prescribed by Sufi masters. The process of fulfilling spiritual and physical requirements due to illness or disease is seen as the result of spiritual and physical transgression.
Screening of algae collected from Nha Trang bay, Vietnam, for potential cosmeceutical bioproducts
Authors: Hoang Kim Chi , Tran Thi Hong Ha , Truong Ngoc Hung , Tran Thi Nhu Hang , Tran Thi Hong Tham , Le Mai Huong , Le Huu Cuong
Published: January 2023

As marine seaweeds are a great source of natural products, investigating biological properties for appropriate management and exploitation is a priority. For our study, we collected and extracted indigenous algal samples from marine areas of Nha Trang bay belonging to nine species of Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Ochophyta to investigate their cosmeceutical activities. Results revealed tyrosinase inhibitory activity of methanolic extracts of Halimeda sp. and Ulva lactuca with 57.17 ± 1.70% and 54.32 ± 0.52% of inhibition, respectively. Additionally, methanolic extracts of U. lactuca, Sargassum mcclurei, and S. aquifolium were found to perform moderate scavenging capacity against DPPH free radicals. By the colorimetric method, the algae extracts were determined to exhibit no potent cytotoxic effect on both fibroblast cell line NIH-3T3 and keratinocyte cell line HaCaT at a test concentration of 20 µg/mL and thus considered promising for further safety evaluation. The investigation provides information on biological activities of our marine algae and highlights candidates with application significance.
A Practical Approach to Discretised PDDL+ Problems by Translation to Numeric Planning
Authors: Percassi Francesco , Scala Enrico , Vallati Mauro
Published: January 2023

PDDL+ models are advanced models of hybrid systems and the resulting problems are notoriously difficult for planning engines to cope with. An additional limiting factor for the exploitation of PDDL+ approaches in real-world applications is the restricted number of domain-independent planning engines that can reason upon those models.
With the aim of deepening the understanding of PDDL+ models, in this work, we study a novel mapping between a time discretisation of pddl+ and numeric planning as for PDDL2.1 (level 2). The proposed mapping not only clarifies the relationship between these two formalisms but also enables the use of a wider pool of engines, thus fostering the use of hybrid planning in real-world applications. Our experimental analysis shows the usefulness of the proposed translation and demonstrates the potential of the approach for improving the solvability of complex PDDL+ instances.
Lifted Reasoning for Combinatorial Counting
Authors: Totis Pietro , Davis Jesse , De Raedt Luc , Kimmig Angelika
Published: January 2023

Combinatorics math problems are often used as a benchmark to test human cognitive and logical problem-solving skills. These problems are concerned with counting the number of solutions that exist in a specific scenario that is sketched in natural language. Humans are adept at solving such problems as they can identify commonly occurring structures in the questions for which a closed-form formula exists for computing the answer. These formulas exploit the exchangeability of objects and symmetries to avoid a brute-force enumeration of all possible solutions. Unfortunately, current AI approaches are still unable to solve combinatorial problems in this way. This paper aims to fill this gap by developing novel AI techniques for representing and solving such problems. It makes the following five contributions. First, we identify a class of combinatorics math problems which traditional lifted counting techniques fail to model or solve efficiently. Second, we propose a novel declarative language for this class of problems. Third, we propose novel lifted solving algorithms bridging probabilistic inference techniques and constraint programming. Fourth, we implement them in a lifted solver that solves efficiently the class of problems under investigation. Finally, we evaluate our contributions on a real-world combinatorics math problems dataset and synthetic benchmarks.
Domain-Specific Heuristics in Answer Set Programming: A Declarative Non-Monotonic Approach
Authors: Comploi-Taupe Richard , Friedrich Gerhard , Schekotihin Konstantin , Weinzierl Antonius
Published: January 2023

Domain-specific heuristics are an essential technique for solving combinatorial problems efficiently. Current approaches to integrate domain-specific heuristics with Answer Set Programming (ASP) are unsatisfactory when dealing with heuristics that are specified non-monotonically on the basis of partial assignments. Such heuristics frequently occur in practice, for example, when picking an item that has not yet been placed in bin packing. Therefore, we present novel syntax and semantics for declarative specifications of domain-specific heuristics in ASP. Our approach supports heuristic statements that depend on the partial assignment maintained during solving, which has not been possible before. We provide an implementation in Alpha that makes Alpha the first lazy-grounding ASP system to support declaratively specified domain-specific heuristics. Two practical example domains are used to demonstrate the benefits of our proposal. Additionally, we use our approach to implement informed search with A*, which is tackled within ASP for the first time. A* is applied to two further search problems. The experiments confirm that combining lazy-grounding ASP solving and our novel heuristics can be vital for solving industrial-size problems.
HOLDING THE EXECUTIVE TO ACCOUNT? Public Protector v President of the RSA 2021 (9) BCLR 929 (CC)
Authors: Swanepoel Paul
Published: January 2023

This case is part of a growing body of jurisprudence relating to the Public Protector (PP). In particular, it concerns the PP’s mandate, contained in section 182 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution), to “investigate any conduct in state affairs, or in the public administration, that is alleged or suspected to be improper or to result in any impropriety or prejudice”. The PP is further empowered in terms of the Public Protector Act (23 of 1994) (PP Act) to investigate, inter alia, maladministration, the unjustifiable exercise of power and dishonest conduct.In terms of this statutory framework, the PP’s primary function is to hold the executive to account. The Constitutional Court judgment that is the focus of this case note is an example of the PP attempting to hold the President accountable, but failing to do so as a result of producing an error-strewn report that was rejected by a full bench of the High Court and by a majority of judges in the apex court. On the facts, it is possible that had another PP produced a different report – one that satisfied the judges’ concerns – the President might have been less successful in avoiding public accountability.Apart from the main issue of the (at time of publication) now-suspended PP’s inability to hold the President to account, the judgment is significant from an administrative law perspective. In particular, the judgment adds to the debate on whether the PP’s remedial action amounts to administrative action.Although the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) held in 2018 that the PP’s remedial action does not constitute administrative action, the question has yet to be definitively dealt with by the Constitutional Court, with judges generally being content to leave the question open. Confusingly, the court a quo held that it was common cause that the PP’s reports do not amount to administrative action, but the judgment nevertheless made numerous references to the right to just administrative action. While Jafta J chose to leave the question open in Public Protector v President of the RSA (2021 (9) BCLR 929 (CC)), he engaged with the SCA’s judgment in Minister of Home Affairs v Public Protector (2018 (3) SA 380 (SCA) (Home Affairs)) and set out some guidelines on how the issue could be dealt with in the future.
NOTES ON THE LEGAL LIABILITY OF MINING COMPANIES FOR THE PUMPING OF EXTRANEOUS WATER FROM DEFUNCT UNDERGROUND WORKINGS: LEGAL UNCERTAINTIES ILLUSTRATED BY Ezulwini Mining Company Pty Ltd v Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy [2021] ZAGPPHC 4
Authors: Viljoen Germarie , Rantlo John , Du Plessis Willemien
Published: January 2023

In 2015, the 193 United Nations (UN) member states adopted the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which includes a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be reached by 2030 (UNGA “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” Resolution adopted by the General Assembly (25 September 2015) A/Res/70/1). The SDGs represent a global call for action towards social inclusion, economic development and environmental sustainability. Meeting the SDGs by 2030, however, requires unprecedented cooperation and collaboration among various stakeholders on various levels, ranging from governments, non-governmental organisations and the private sector, including the mining sector. Although it is not the main aim of this contribution to unravel the linkages between the respective SDGs and mining, the country’s mining sector is expected to incorporate relevant SDGs into their operations, business practices and decisions.It is trite that the mining industry, through all its activities and stages, has contributed to many of the challenges that the SDGs set to address, including the displacement of communities, worsening economic and social inequality, and environmental degradation that impacts water security, for example. Nevertheless, in pursuance of the SDGs, South Africa’s mining sector is expected to prioritise the protection of the environment, over exploitation and pollution. In fact, successful advancement of the SDGs also requires substantial and ongoing partnership or collaboration between stakeholders. This is particularly true for interconnected or neighbouring mines, for example.To guide and ensure sustainable and responsible mining, the South African legislature promulgated a comprehensive environmental management and regulatory framework for the country, including the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (28 of 2002) (MPRDA), the National Environmental Management Act (107 of 1998) (NEMA) and the National Water Act (36 of 1998) (NWA). However, as is discussed in more detail below, regulatory shortcomings, and therefore legal uncertainty, are apparent. This contribution presents the issue of environmental obligations and liabilities to pump extraneous water after mine closure. Naturally, legal uncertainties inherently inhibit the realisation of some of the SDGs, including, for example, SDG 6 (to ensure the sustainable management of water) and SDG 9 (to promote sustainable industrialisation).
WHETHER TO PROCEED WITH A CIVIL PROCESS REMOTELY: UNIVERSAL LESSONS FROM AUSTRALIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Nicci Whitear-Nel
Published: January 2023

This article considers Australian case law regarding testimony given by way of video link and the conducting of remote civil processes in the time prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as during the pandemic and thereafter. The article discusses the various considerations taken into account by the courts in deciding whether or not to proceed remotely with civil processes. The author examines issues regarding whether to use video-conferencing, including the importance of the evidence and the architecture of the physical courtroom. The various issues facing lawyers in running a case remotely, including document management and the physical separation of legal teams, are also considered. The author looks also at issues facing the parties such as trial length, cost and the right of parties to be present, as well as issues facing other role players in the process, and issues pertaining to the integrity of the process. Lastly, issues relating to the administration of justice, such as access to justice and the open justice principle, are dealt with. The author concludes by commenting on the way forward and the lessons that can be extracted for South Africa.
Maniac From the Adjacent Canon: How Science Normalizes Cult Evil
Authors: Marey Maria
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to studying cinematic images of serial criminals in a series of relevant topics: those where scientific and quasi-scientific methods, which are in Russian called “profiling”, are used to calculate and catch them. Assuming that cinema and television can change (and shape) a person's ideas about life, norms, about right or wrong, and proper and improper behaviour, the author refers to the comparison of the novel and the series as artistic phenomena with similar specifics of functioning and impact on the public. Further, the author compares the trickster and the maniac (psychopath or sociopath) found in the research literature and shows why this comparison is incorrect. Based on Foucault's discourse theory and his research of the concept of “abnormality”, the author focuses on the history of this concept in science and philosophy. Also, she stresses how the figure of an expert (criminologist, psychiatrist, doctor) arises and is conceptualized along with clarification of characteristics he is researching. Analyzing John Douglas' works, the author concludes that researchers who are now called profilers can be considered “experts” in the sense that Foucault wrote about it. They described the characteristics of a serial killer maniac, well known to us from films and TV shows. In the future, the images of serial criminals were built into account the data of modern science.
The Transformation of the Canon, the Struggle With the Canon, the Re-creation of the Canon as the Basis of Fanfiction Culture
Authors: Romanenko Ksenia
Published: January 2023

To understand the transformation of canons and the struggle with them, we may productively explore fanfiction, a particular reader's, viewer's, and author's practice, within non-professional and non-commercial texts based on the plots and heroes of other people's works. Fanfiction is a paradoxical phenomenon: it is wholly based on a specific canon — collectively selected film and literary texts, moves by worship, emotional attachment, and attention, while initially working as a criticism of the canons and changing the canons. Canon is not only a research concept but also an intra-cultural designation of the original work as the basis of a fan text. Fans also create their canon — “fanon”, a set of characteristic plot solutions and ways to change characters established in fanfiction. The article examines the intersections of the cultural canon of high and popular culture, the national literary canon, and the canon and the fanon in the understanding of fans with different types of attitudes to the canons — disintegration, transformation, struggle, re-creation. The argument is based on a critical analysis of the research literature with a focus on metaphors that help authors describe the relationship of fiction writers with the canons and on the experience of empirical research about fanfiction devoted to samples of popular culture (“Harry Potter” franchise, “Doctor Who” series, “Sherlock” series, and others), fanfiction and sequels to novels by Jane Austen, the British writer of the 19th century, and fanfiction devoted to Russian classical literature.
“The Most Important Writer for Me”: Lydia Ginzburg on Marcel Proust
Authors: Teslya Andrey
Published: January 2023

Marcel Proust's “In Search of Lost Time” had a very significant and lasting influence on both the thinking and the artistic practice of Lydia Ginzburg. It is no coincidence that the legend of her attempt to write a “Proustian” novel proved so enduring. No less important to her was the very problem of the “big text,” the duration created by the narrative's duration. However, Proust's “removal” of the problem of the “fictitiousness” and “fiction” of the novel narrative — the possibility of viewing Proust's novel simultaneously in the context of both fiction and the documentary narrative — is the main one. If in the late 1920s, her reaction to Proust's novel was connected mainly with questions of applicability, assimilation of Proust's techniques and principles of work construction. From the turn of the 20th–30th, her understanding is linked to the experience of the Proust novel not only as new but also as making possible what was already impossible in the framework of previous literature, a way of modelling the self. In this essay, we limit ourselves to one aspect of the enormous theme of Proust and Ginzburg, namely, to determine what Ginzburg saw as the main content and significance of Proust as a writer-what determined the constant return of her thought to his novel. In our view, in Proust's artistic practice, Ginzburg sees realized the primary purpose of literature: the interpretation of “human experience, social and mental,” in finding that sphere where “now” the connection of words and things is possible, i.e. where literature can find reality.
Stoic Theory of Action and Sceptical Objections Against It
Authors: Sanzhenakov Alexander
Published: January 2023

The article considers the Stoic theory of action and its critique by Sceptics. The Stoics believed that the agent is autonomous due to his ability to give the assent to a representation. The theory of action is interwoven with the theory of knowledge in the assent-giving since the assent can be given to both value-neutral and value-loaded statements. It is thus appropriate to ask whether an adequate theoretical comprehension is required for performing a morally correct action, or is a correct practical comprehension sufficient? Sceptics actively criticized all parts of Stoic philosophy and often turned to the concept of “comprehensible representation”, dialectically arguing that such a thing does not exist. Revealing the deficiencies of Stoic views (which can be applied to other dogmatic theories), sceptics pointed out epistemic and moral flaws of the seemingly immaculate Stoic sage. A possible answer of the Stoics would be to distinguish between the practical and theoretical aspects of the comprehensible representation. Using the example of the assent given to a false representation, it is suggested that an error in the theoretical assent does not necessarily imply an error in the practical assent. In reaction to the Stoics' critique, Sceptics developed not only a non-dogmatic way of argumentation but also their model of action. Moreover, Sceptics should defend themselves from the apraxia charge. The charge, in general, argues that the Sceptic cannot be active because s/he would not give the assent to any representation. However, it is argued that having the ataraxia state does not imply a plant or animal-like life or the total quietism since it leaves room open for an undogmatic action, the action which avoids truth-valued statements or the assent to a representation. The discussion had the consequence that the Stoics loosened the connection between epistemology and ethics. In contrast, Sceptics had to develop a model of sceptical action, according to which one can act and live without adherence to beliefs.
Simone de Beauvoir's Political Views: The Problematics of the Soviet and the European Left Project
Authors: Rakhmaninova Maria
Published: January 2023

The article examines the trajectories of political reflection of the French existentialist and writer Simone de Beauvoir, which are undeservedly often overlooked by researchers of her work and biography. The issue of the Soviet (as a cross-cutting issue in her works) is brought into focus and examined in its dynamics as applied to the period from the 1920s to the 1960s. We undertake a discursive analysis of the works of different years and the metamorphoses in the principles, language, and methods of representation of the Soviet, depending on the historical period, concerning both the domestic and foreign policy levels of Soviet politics. Particular attention is paid to Simone de Beauvoir's testimony about the experience of observing the events in Spain in the 1930s and about the stages of their comprehension — actual and retrospective. In this light, the methods of assessment chosen by Simone de Beauvoir and her entourage, as well as the philosophical and factual assimilation of a given political perspective, are problematized; criticism is made regarding the superficiality of the source part of the formation of the political consensus of the French intellectual community about the Soviet project and the events in the USSR. We attempt to identify the significance and contribution of Simone de Beauvoir to the representation of this consensus and the polemical lines that permeate it, as well as to assess her attitude to the events; we evaluate the role of this consensus in the further development of the European understanding of the Soviet and post-Soviet.
Johanna Seibt's General Process Theory
Authors: Stanzhevsky Fedor
Published: January 2023

The article addresses Johanna Seibt's General Process Theory. Critique of substantialism or “myth of substance” as a set of presuppositions is presented. Substantialist presuppositions are demonstrated to hamper an adequate solution of persistence in time, partly because this issue tends to be considered only with regard to objects — persons or things. A contradiction between the change of attributes of an object with Leibniz's law of identity of indiscernibles is shown to be based on additional substantialist principles, which altogether constitute the aporia of change. The principal theories of persistence — endurantism and perdurantism — are both shown to lead to contradictions. Perdurantism seemingly rejects the idea of substance when it construes objects as composed of temporal parts. However, these temporal parts are interpreted based on some substantialist presuppositions. Substantialism rests on particularism (even though historically, there were also non-particularist interpretations of substance); particularism, in turn, is based on the universals-particulars dualism. Particularism consists of a set of presuppositions which lead to contradictions, and it does not manage to solve the issue of individuation. Specifically, identifying particulars with individuals and abstract with general should be jettisoned. This will permit to admit the existence of non-particular individuals. The General Process Theory is outlined in terms of which processes are non-particular individuals based on the model of subjectless activities. Finally, a solution to the persistence problem in terms of General Process Theory is outlined.
Researching Internet Studies: Canon The Community Without a Discipline
Authors: Kolozaridi Polina , Yuldashev Lenya
Published: January 2023

The article focuses on how the notion of canon enables the description of a research field. The authors outline the problem of studying studies, i.e., research fields that are not classical disciplines. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the knowledge produced in studies, it does not form the corpus of classical texts, basically considered classics, but a set of authors and texts that influence the development of discussions and the choice of directions of theoretical and practical research. In order to map key approaches and explore intellectual foundations, we propose the canon as a term. It can be understood as a set of authors' actions, relations, and circumstances (like institutions) that result in texts and concepts accepted in a particular research field. Moreover, vice versa, the texts and concepts circulate in the organizations and influence them. The canon makes it possible to map the boundaries of an interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from others and, at the same time, from the disciplines it inherits. The authors draw attention to the traditional approaches used to describe research fields: sociology of knowledge, self-descriptions of the field, and an appeal to the way research is carried out in a particular field. The second part of the paper attempts to reconstruct three histories of scholars significant in Internet Studies, clarifying the discussions in which they participated and demonstrating how the canon in internet studies was formed. Institutional factors and the theoretical resources contribute here to understanding the boundaries of Internet Studies. The analysis of canon authors thus makes it possible to separate internet studies from the other fields, such as digital humanities or digital economics. The canon turns out to be a kind of infrastructure, directing internet studies researchers to some subjects and making it more challenging to address others.
Intuition of Faith in the Religious and Anthropological Thought of Vladimir Bibikhin
Authors: Ustimenko Dmitry
Published: January 2023

The article studies the main aspects of understanding the faith by Vladimir Bibikhin. The article's methodology is analysis-oriented: the intuition of the philosopher's faith is reconstructed from precise, self-significant definitions expressed in his numerous works. It is stated that the category of faith occupies a significant place among the themes and problems of the philosopher's work. Bibikhin declares faith as the “first thing”, which consciously or unconsciously determines the entire existence of a person. Along with philosophy and prayer, faith is declared an “ontology”, i.e. a truly authentic measure of existence. It contacts with the “heart of truth”, accepts supernatural dogmatic Mysteries, introduces a soteriological meaning, conceals a not always obvious, but unconditional law of human nature, which predetermines the quality and morality of all actions. It is significant that, despite the Christian religious commitment, in his works, Vladimir Bibikhin offers an apology for the anthropological universalism of faith, criticizes its only doctrinal interpretation, and explicates it in a conceptually philosophical manner. Faith is also revealed as a way of recognizing oneself and God in oneself (the doctrinal aspect), but it is precisely with it that the unconditional freedom of a person is associated. Cognitively, it coincides with the mind and is its highest potency. In this sense, according to Vladimir Bibikhin faith is a demand for both “catharsis”, “capture”, and “robbery of Being”, which is manifested in prayer and creativity. An important aspect of the intuition of faith by Vladimir Bibikhin is its personal dimension, having a specific Christian expression. In his works, one can find a whole range of characteristics of faith: sacrifice, fidelity, complete “blind” trust in God, unreasonableness, riskiness, and confidence, as well as the properties of knowledge, philosophy, and purity.
Philosophical Anthropology of Authentic and Non-authentic Modern Problematization of Human Person and Way of Life
Authors: Dorofeyev Daniil
Published: January 2023

The article was written on the basis of a speech at the 3rd Bibikhinsky Readings in Bezhetsk in October 2021. The article is devoted to the philosophical-anthropological and personalistic analysis of the concepts of authentic and inauthentic; it begins with a brief study of the most crucial concepts of Heidegger's Being and Time “eigentlich” and “uneigentlich”, which made it possible to carry out the ontological actualization of everyday life as the most important space of human existence. The dialectic of authentic and inauthentic appears to be the fundamental basis of both the existence of a person and the everyday world in which he exists. The author of the article explores such ways of self-organization of everyday human existence as cyclicity and spiral. For the author of the article, it is important to abandon the installation of depersonalization of everyday existence, revealing its positive ontological and personal potential. A way of life that reveals a person's personality is recognized as authentic, while a way of life that leads to its alienation and extinction is recognized as inauthentic. Therefore, the author of the article explores in detail the concepts of personality and personhood, referring to the Platonic consideration of auto to auto (“selfhood” of a person) in the dialogue of Alcibiades I and its interpretation by Vladimir Bibikhin in the course of lectures Property, striving to update the possibilities of philosophical personalism in modern philosophy as critically as possible. For this, an appeal is made not only to Antiquity, but also to the Orthodox anthropology of the individual, based on the principles of hesychasm, in the center of which is the openness of a person to Other to transforming his energies. At the end of the article, four possible models of the relationship between the authentic and the non-authentic are analyzed, considered through an appeal to the New Testament images of Martha and Mary.
“The Invisible Community” of Vladimir Bibikhin
Authors: Bogatov Mikhail , Pavlova Darya
Published: January 2023

This article discusses several difficulties that the researcher of Vladimir Bibikhin's work inevitably faces. A number of these complications are related to the “external” definition of the direction of Vladimir Bibikhin's thought. In this regard, two sets of questions arise: 1) the attitude of Vladimir Bibikhin to the official late Soviet line of philosophy; 2) the problem of describing that “invisible community” of contemporaries who, even if they cannot be called like-minded people in the strict sense, nevertheless formed that single context that allowed not to feel creative isolation. At the same time, it is not so much about the “influence” understood in the strict sense (which undoubtedly took place) but about creating a kind of “atmosphere”, i.e. background that allows each of the participants in this community to develop their ideas. The disclosure of the last set of questions moves towards the consideration of the topic of attitude to modernity and its approval through their creative searches. Another series of difficulties relates to the “internal” demarcation and definition of Bibikhin's work. On the one hand, purely chronologically, we can talk about his work's pre-lecture and lecture periods. The article proposes considering the first period as a statement of accomplices, interlocutors of that horizon of thought, which will receive thematic disclosure in the second period. On the other hand, the very thematic diversity of the author's courses, if considered in chronological order, points us to the author's own unified way of thought as a philosopher.
Justification of Epistemic Authority The Potential of the Liberal Model of Responsibilism
Authors: Boytsova Olga , Khmelevskaya Svetlana
Published: January 2023

The article attempts to comprehend the justification of epistemic authority in the liberal model of responsibilism in order to determine the heuristic potential of the argumentation proposed within its framework, as well as to show the problem fields promising for the conceptualization of epistemological authority. The model's advantages are revealed, among which is (1) an attempt to explain the mechanism of action of authority; (2) to identify how authorities are ranked in the case of their competitive interaction; (3) to highlight the grounds for subordination to authority on the part of an individual. The existing disadvantages of the model are ignoring the content of epistemic authority, abstracting from the conditions in which the mechanism of trust is formed, and neglecting the principles that determine the choice between epistemic authorities. It is proved that the desire to build a non-classical epistemology as a system of forms of comprehension of being, functioning on a single epistemological basis, when justifying epistemic authority leads either to formalism or to the reduction of one form of comprehension of being to another. The understanding of the cognizing subject — per the epistemological virtues recognized in the liberal model of responsibilism — as an “honest, rational, autonomous actor” is evaluated as an ideal model built on solid assumptions. The problems of competition of epistemic authorities in modern society and the change of the place of science in this confrontation, which is raised by responsibilism, are among the promising tasks of the study.
The Concept of “Russophobia” among Russian Authors of the 19–20th Centuries
Authors: Dushenko Constantine
Published: January 2023

In the existing literature on anti-Russian phobias, insufficient attention is paid to the linguistic and conceptual aspects of the phenomenon under study. Such an unreflected approach leads to the confusion of heterogeneous phenomena. The article discusses the term “Russophobia” central to this topic — the meaning of it among different authors and in different eras of Russian history, as well as the context in which this term was used. The study was conducted on the material of journalism (including texts by Russian authors created in other languages) and the most significant epistolary texts. Particular attention is paid to the concept of “internal Russophobia” formulated in the middle of the 19th century by F.F. Vigel and F.I. Tyutchev. For Tyutchev, the closest target was I.S. Turgenev, an iconic figure of Westernizing liberalism. Drawn by Tyutchev (with the active participation of Dostoevsky), the image of a Russian “very honourable” man who hates his motherland “by instinct”, upon closer examination, turns out to be a phantom created for polemical purposes. In the Soviet press, “Russophobia” and related words for a long time belonged mainly to the historical past. From the second half of the 1930s to the mid-1970s, they practically fell out of the language of journalism. A sharp surge of interest in the concept of “Russophobia” dates back to the late 1980s. However, during this period, the image of the USSR and Russia in Western public opinion changed noticeably for the better.
Concerning the Problems of Applicability of Speech Acts Theory in Free Speech Discussions On Some Examples of John Austin
Authors: Melnikov Alexander
Published: January 2023

In discussions about possibility to deduce strict universal principles of freedom of speech, one of the important arguments against the “free speech absolutism” is considered to be the irreproducibility of a clear boundary between expression and action. Nevertheless, the speech acts theory, which exponentially connects utterance with action, is not used in philosophical argumentation as extensively as one might expect. The author seeks to reveal the boundaries of speech/action convergence concerning classical lectures of J. Austin “How to do Things with Words.” The article argues that plausible validity of consideration of speech as an action with certain consequences, intentions and goals is itself consistent with free speech arguments that an act described as a speech merely, could not be justifiably limited. The author proposes to distinguish such plots as (1) analysis of different linguistic formulas in terms of truth and success, (2) boundaries and criteria for conventional redescription of speech-using actions as typical (promise, oath) (3) consideration of speech as a powerful social resource, which should be granted justly (4) causal effect, which act of utterance may have. From the author's point of view, these plots are not still summed up in any basic argument against the “free speech absolutism”, relevant to contemporary defense of freedom of speech. The basic moves of J.L. Austin's theory are not enough to consolidate a practical conviction about the inseparability of words and actions, which significantly undermines hopes for strict adherence to the ideal of freedom of speech.
On the Way to the “Geistesgeschichte der Technik” A Fragment of a Project by Hans Blumenberg
Authors: Mikhailovsky Alexander
Published: January 2023

The central purpose of this study is to contextualize Hans Blumenberg's early essay The Relationship between Nature and Technology as a Philosophical Problem (1951), not to reconstruct the complex views of the German philosopher concerning technology. The following translation of Blumenberg's essay is also of interest since it can be seen as a part of an unfinished project called “Geistesgeschichte der Technik”. The study deals with Blumenberg's rootedness in discussions around technology in Germany (philosophical anthropology, pessimistic cultural criticism). The article shows how the young philosopher reacted to the issues presented by Husserl, Heidegger, Gehlen and other authors. The philosophy of technology in Scheler's Problems of the Sociology of Knowledge (1926) presumably had a decisive influence on the formulation of the question concerning technology in Blumenberg, which is one of the main theses of my article. Namely, the broader significance of Scheler for discussing technology in Germany before and after World War II boils down to three points: (1) at the heart of the process of technization of the Modern Age lies a certain instinct of power (Machtantrieb); (2) only a break with the culture of the Middle Ages makes it possible to genetically explain the world in which science and technology, in their mutual influence, are a consequence, not a cause; (3) philosophy as metaphysics allows us to see and name the ethical “guilt” of the New European society. The second thesis of this article is that Hans Blumenberg is the author who ultimately did not create the “philosophy of technology”; Blumenberg's writings on this topic are found on the periphery of his texts on the genesis of the Modern Age, which at the same time does not detract from the significance of his present statement.
Intoxication by the Woods as a Case of Captivation
Authors: Efimova Daria
Published: January 2023

In the series of lectures Woods (Hyle): (Problem of Matter, History of the Concept, Living Matter in Ancient and Modern Biology), Vladimir Bibikhin, while reviewing the Aristotelian notion of matter, repeatedly mentions various intoxicants. However, the role that they play seems unclear. This article aims to explain the meaning and importance of intoxicants for interpreting the notion of matter. The article considers Bibikhin's interpretation of the Aristotelian notion of matter and juxtaposes it with other commentators of Aristotle (Vasileva T., Riker P., Chanyshev A., Chernyakov A.). Emphasis is placed on the interpretation of the indefinitiveness of matter since V. Bibikhin's position differs from P. Ricoeur's. After a preliminary explanation of the fundamental indeterminacy of matter, it is argued that the question “What matters?” is counterproductive. As an alternative, a phenomenological question is suggested: “In what relations with matter are we?”. To answer this question, we use Bibikhin's notion of captivation, the dictionary meaning of the word matter (woods), and the notion of intoxication. They allow us to explore the problems of one's escape from the metrical and moral coordinates, shattering the normative control of consciousness, eliminating norm and form notions, and returning to one's own (proper). A description of the state of captivation as a consequence of intoxication by woods allows us to demonstrate in what sense matter can be understood as indefinitive.
Fray Juan Gil de Zamora, Infante Sancho, and Alfonso el Sabio
Authors: O'Callaghan Joseph
Published: January 2023

In his De preconiis Hispanie, Fray Juan Gil de Zamora endeavored to inculcate in Infante Sancho, Alfonso X’s second son and heir, an understanding of the history of Spain and to cite examples of rulers who used their authority well and those who abused it. He reminded the young prince that he would be accountable to God and that he should not pursue his own interests to the detriment of his people. He specifically denounced royal avarice and argued that a king should not impoverish his people with unaccustomed levies of taxation. Moreover, he stressed the king's duty to rule in accordance with the approved laws and customs established with the consent of the people. Although he did not criticize Alfonso X by name, he was aware of popular complaints of excessive taxation and innovations in the law. While providing Infante Sancho with a manual for good government, he also conveyed a tacit critique El Rey Sabio.
Shepherd, Physician and Intercessor: The Specialization of Different Types of Authority in the Church in the Context of Practices of Confession in Byzantium (III–X centuries)
Authors: Kanaeva Elga
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the problem of the proper language to describe the processes of evolution of penitential practices in Byzantium in the III–X centuries. The currently existing categorical apparatus describes these processes using the logic of power relations between one who says and one who hears confession, and appeals to the terms “charisma” and “office.” These tools give a specific perspective on a set of facts, seeing them as a testimony of a deep and irreconcilable conflict between actors in this field, and fails to describe the situation when no conflict may be discerned in the sources. In this article, we first show that “power-oriented” language is not typical for the authors of the period in question. We then propose our own model for describing the role-play relationship, centering around practices of repentance. Following C. Rapp, we suggest the concept of “authority” as the basis of this model, which we identify in three types: pastoral, therapeutic and intercessory. These types differ both in the type of interaction between the parties participating in confession and in their functionality within the framework of the phenomenon of repentance. This typology is accompanied by a description. The most notable personalities and examples of penitential interaction in the III–X century are classified according to these types.