bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Assessment of Teaching and Learning Methods for Secondary School Biology Subject Content as an Approach to Addressing Environmental Degradation in Malawi. Case Study of Karonga District
Authors:   DMI–ST. Eugen Unversityzambia, Chiyombo Jacob Eston , Nithyanantham Prof. Dr. V. ,   DMI–ST. Eugen Unversityzambia
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was on assessing of teaching and learning methods for secondary school biology subject content as an approach to addressing environmental degradation in Malawi. Case study of Karonga district. The study was guided by the following research specific objectives: to assess how success criteria in secondary school Biology syllabi are framed to address environmental degradation in Malawi; to investigate the appropriateness of the methods of teaching and learning Biology that address environmental degradation and to examine how Biology teachers assess students’ fieldwork that is required by the syllabus. A mixed method approach (qualitative and quantitative methods) was used in this study. Sixty secondary school teachers were selected from 40 secondary schools in Northern Education Division in the Ministry of Education in Malawi as research participants. Schools and participants were selected through convenience and purposive sampling techniques respectively. In this study, data was collected through interviews, questionnaire and document analysis. Data analysis was done thematically and using statistics. The research study found out that the success criteria, content and teaching and learning methods in Biology would not address environmental degradation because success criteria were not framed well and had many action verbs such as ‘explain’, ‘describe’ and ‘state’. In addition, explanation was the main teaching and learning methods used by Secondary school Biology teachers which would not address environmental degradation since they did not encourage learning through practice, The findings also revealed that Biology teachers in secondary schools assessed learners with the aim of passing public examinations and not assisting learners to acquire skills to deal with issues of environmental degradation.
Are the Italian government's quarantine measures about the Covid-19 lethality effective?
A mathematical statistical analysis
Authors: Ferrentino Rosa , Vota Luca
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In this paper, the authors present a particular Weighted Least Squares model, the Heteroskedasticity Corrected Linear Model (HCLM), to estimate the impact of the quarantine measures adopted by the Italian government since March 4th 2020 on the lethality rate of the Covid-19 virus. The results obtained suggest that overall these restrictive measures have proven effective, leading to a 3,59% reduction in the lethality rate within 27 days. Furthermore, the authors have decomposed the historical series of the Lethality Rate by identifying, in addition to a first component of easily observable trend, also a second component of noise that is distributed as a white noise. The model shown by the authors, which is absolutely innovative, can also be used to study historical series data relating to any epidemic, be it of bacterial or viral origin.

JEL classification numbers: C01, C02, C13, C22, C60.
Keywords: Covid-19, Lethality rate, Mathematical and statistical models for epidemiology, Time Series Analysis, Health Policy.
Are the Italian government's quarantine measures about the Covid-19 lethality effective?
A mathematical statistical analysis
Authors: Ferrentino Rosa , Vota Luca
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In this paper, the authors present a particular Weighted Least Squares model, the Heteroskedasticity Corrected Linear Model (HCLM), to estimate the impact of the quarantine measures adopted by the Italian government since March 4th 2020 on the lethality rate of the Covid-19 virus. The results obtained suggest that overall these restrictive measures have proven effective, leading to a 3,59% reduction in the lethality rate within 27 days. Furthermore, the authors have decomposed the historical series of the Lethality Rate by identifying, in addition to a first component of easily observable trend, also a second component of noise that is distributed as a white noise. The model shown by the authors, which is absolutely innovative, can also be used to study historical series data relating to any epidemic, be it of bacterial or viral origin.

JEL classification numbers: C01, C02, C13, C22, C60.
Keywords: Covid-19, Lethality rate, Mathematical and statistical models for epidemiology, Time Series Analysis, Health Policy
Оммавий норозилик ҳаракатларини келтириб чиқарувчи омиллар
Authors: Хасанов Бобуржон
Published: April 2023

Мазкур мақолада мамлакатимизда фуқароларнинг турмуш тарзини яхшилаш бўйича олиб борилаётган ислоҳотлар, хорижий давлатлар мисолида содир этилган оммавий норозилик намойишлари, уларни келтириб чиқаруви омиллар ўрганиб чиқилган.
Абу Наср Форобийнинг давлатнинг хайр-саховати хақидаги қарашлари
Authors: Юсубов Жалолиддин
Published: April 2023

Мазкур мақолада Абу Наср Форобийнинг хайр-саховат ҳақидаги фикрлари фалсафий таҳлил қилинган.  Ал-Форобий икки давр, икки минтақа, ўрта асрлар ва янги давр, Шарқ ва Ғарб маданиятларининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари ва таълимотларини чуқур ўрганиб, инсоният цивилизацияси келажагини чуқур англай олган мутафаккир эди. У инсониятга ўзи улғайган муҳитдан, саёҳат қилган жойлардан тўплаган билимларини, дин таълимотларидан ўрганган илмларини тақдим этди.
HABILIDADES SOCIOEMOCIONAIS E A RELAÇÃO COM A INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DE IDOSOS: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOGRÁFICO
Authors: Monyzi Nicodem Eduarda , Oliveira Fabri Gabriela Lohana , Schons Michele Daiane , Martins Soares Nandra
Published: April 2023

O envelhecimento é um fenômeno universal, com aumento exponencial da longevidade, e devido a isso e outros fatores, as Instituições de Longa Permanência (ILPIs) se tornam, para muitos idosos, seu novo lar. É no que tange à qualidade de vida e à velhice, torna-se fundamental incluir as habilidades socioemocionais como um aspecto de análise. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é compreender se a institucionalização influencia nas habilidades socioemocionais dos idosos. Realizou-se uma pesquisa integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, Pepsic, Periódicos Capes e na Biblioteca virtual Google Acadêmico, a partir dos descritores habilidades sociais, habilidades emocionais, idosos e instituições de longa permanência, combinados entre si pelo termo booleano AND, e foram selecionados somente artigos científicos publicados no período de 2017 a 2022 no idioma português. A partir dos resultados, verificou-se que as ILPIs influenciam nas habilidades socioemocionais dos idosos de forma positiva e negativa, visto que as instituições podem propiciar o estímulo nestas habilidades, por ser um local onde o idoso almeja melhor qualidade de vida em detrimento de uma vida solitária na comunidade, mas, por outro lado, há a possibilidade da falta de práticas e de poucos recursos integrativos neste ambiente, além da perda de autonomia, tristeza e vivências de abandono. Conclui-se que a velhice suscita indagações e reflexões, sendo fundamental o estímulo das habilidades socioemocionais, visto que se mostram como grandes aliadas nesse meio e percurso de vida, quando existentes de forma assertiva.
Carbon Neutrality Goal Is Too Far Away? Residents' Psychological Distance of Low-Carbon Policy Over Time and Space in China
Authors: Liu Yong , Sun Shaoyi
Published: April 2023

Residents' psychological time and space distance from the low-carbon policy can affect their support for the policy. The objective of this study is to investigate the psychological spatiotemporal distance of Chinese residents toward low-carbon policies and its influencing factors. Structural equation modeling was used in this study. Based on the data from the questionnaire survey, we found that most of the interviewed residents had a psychological time distance of 21–30 years for low-carbon policies, while the spatial distance was in the "global" range. Therefore, the goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 exceeds the psychological time distance of the interviewed residents. The results of the structural equation model showed that residents' psychological time distance toward low-carbon policies is significantly and positively correlated with policy effects, policy costs, and residents' low-carbon values and attitudes. Residents' psychological spatial distance to low-carbon policies was significantly and positively correlated with the effects of low-carbon policies and residents' low-carbon values and attitudes.
 
Received: 18 February 2023 | Revised: 11 April 2023 | Accepted: 21 April 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Yong Liu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration. Shaoyi Sun: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
ISOLATION, PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND IN-VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETANOLIC EXTRACT USING FABIANA IMBRICATA L.
Authors: Kattepogu Naga Kumari , Konda Ravi Kumar , T Sowjanya Jyothi , Shakeela Shaik , J Madhavi Latha
Published: April 2023

Fabiana imbricata is a medicinal plant with therapeutic potential, belongs to the family Solanaceae also known as, Made mustard and is known for its anti-bacterial activity. I have been selected groups were divided into positive control, negative control, test groupsT1(20µg/ml), T2(40µg/ml),  T3(60µg/ml),  T4(80µg/ml) and T5(100µg/ml),standard group ciprofloxacin 2mg/ml and also prepared the stock solutions and the same way prepared the cultured medium by using the formula from the cultured medium taken and prepared sub cultured medium by using microorganisms. The result of antibacterial activity suggested that effects ofFabiana imbricata  plant extract were tested on phytochemical, results showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, Phenolic compounds flavonoids, tannins as chemical constituents may have anti-bacterial activity, which is not evaluated till now.Among that result, shows alkaloids and flavonoids were most effective compounds for the antibacterial activity in higher plants. Apart from that saponins show the most responsible and effectively compound for antibacterial activity of Fabiana imbricata. In this study, two solvents were taken ethanolic whole plant extracts from Fabiana imbricata have been tested for Anti-bacterial activity.Fabiana Imbricata was a traditional medicine. We found strong anti-bacterial activity specifically in the ethanol extracts of Fabiana Imbricata. Plant phenolic compounds have been found to possess potent anti- bacterial activity. These flavonoids have been found to possess anti-bacterial properties in various studies. Strong presence of tannins in all the solvent extracts may explain its potent bioactivities are known to possess potent an anti- bacterial properties. The Saponins have already shown as anti- bacterial activity.
A Review on Pulsatile Drug Delivery System
Authors: Shraddha M. Sarode  , Bipin R. Gandhi
Published: April 2023

In essence, pulsatile drug delivery systems (PDDS) are time-controlled drug delivery systems in which the system regulates the lag time independently of external parameters such as pH, enzymes, gastro-intestinal motility, etc. Traditionally, medications either release immediately or over time. Nevertheless, interest in pulsatile drug release devices has grown recently. These systems were created to work with the body's natural circadian cycle. In Latin literature, Circa and Dian are the words for day and night, respectively. For many medications or treatments, pulsatile drug release—in which the drug is released quickly after a clearly defined lag—could be useful. Asthma, peptic ulcer, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, attention deficit disorder in children, and hypercholesterolemia are among the illnesses where PDDS appears promising. This medication distribution system has been pre-programmed
A Review on Immediate Release Drug Delivery System
Authors: Ms. Kanchan R. Gaykar  , Mr. Bipin R. Gandhi
Published: April 2023

Among the dosage forms, tablets are the most popular dosage form today due to their convenience, compactness and ease of preparation; Immediate effect is required in many cases compared conventional therapy. So much so that to overcome these drawbacks, the immediate release ganic form has positioned itself as an alternative to the oral ganic form immediate-release dosage forms disintegrate rapidly after administration with an increased dissolution rate. The basic method used in tablet development is the use of super dissolves such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidonecrospovidone (Polyplasdone),sodium starch glycolate (Primogel, Explotab), carboxymethyl cellulose (Croscarmellose), etc.These super disintegrators allow the tablet to disintegrate immediately after administration in the stomach. In this area, immediate-release liquid dosage forms of and parenteral dosage forms have also been introduced to treat patients. In liquid dosage form, can be a suspension with typical dispersants such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose,AOT (dioctylsulfosuccinate), etc. cardiovascular drugs, analgesics, antihistamines and other drugs can be considered as candidates for this dosage form. When a pharmaceutical entity is nearing the end of its patent term, it is common for pharmaceutical manufacturers to develop a certain pharmaceutical entity in a new and improved dosage form. The new dosage form allows the manufacturer to exclusively expand the market of the, while providing its patients with a more convenient dosage form or regimen.
News Recommendation System Based on Multiple Classifiers
Authors: Avanti Said  , Rugweda Pophale  , Tanvi Patil  , Pooja Baravkar
Published: April 2023

In this project, we have designed, implemented and analyzed a news recommendation system. We used news articles dataset provided by BBC for the experiments. The system trains multiple classifiers on the training set, and use them to classify the news article chosen by the user. It then recommends m similar articles to the user. In this report, we discuss the methods we have implemented, results and their analysis. We have got best results with Naive Bayes algorithm, although we use combination of all the classifiers
Crowdfunding using Blockchain Technology
Authors: B. Chakradhar  , V. Hari Sai Vinathi  , S. Girish Kumar  , S. Nikhil  , V. Pooja Pravallika  , Y. Deepika
Published: April 2023

Crowdfunding is an online method of raising funds that was initially intended for individuals to contribute small amounts of money to support innovative projects. This fundraising method allows people to invest in entrepreneurial ventures through an intermediary platform. However, the current issue with traditional crowdfunding methods is that the third-party intermediaries do not guarantee the money invested by the backers, and the investors do not have control over their contributions. This paper proposes a blockchain-based crowdfunding solution to provide a private, secure, and decentralized platform for crowdfunding. The main aim of this paper is to enable investors to contribute to any project efficiently by creating smart contracts that give them control over their invested funds. Additionally, both project creators and investors can effectively manage and allocate funding for the project
Smart Street Light System
Authors: Omkar V. Ambre  , Omkar D. Devalkar  , Gitanjali Korgaonkar  , Sammeet R. Parab  , Rohit A. Howale
Published: April 2023

Imagine walking down a street at night, and suddenly the street lights start to dim to save energy. You may wonder how this is possible it's all thanks to the smart street light system using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This advanced system integrates various devices such as sensors and cameras to optimize and automate street lighting, providing an efficient and cost-effective solution by using IoT sensors, street lighting can be remotely monitored and controlled, making it possible to adjust lighting levels dynamically based on traffic patterns and weather conditions. This technology offers numerous benefits, including energy savings, improved public safety, and reduced carbon footprint, making our cities more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Overall, the smart street light system using IoT is a game-changer in urban development. It enhances our infrastructure and promotes sustainable growth, providing a better quality of life for all citizens.
Eye Drowsiness Detection
Authors: Vaibhav Aghav  , Kartik Shinde  , Tushar Dhamak  , Dhananjay Kendre  , Prof. Mrs. Sunita Chavhan
Published: April 2023

The major reason of the accidents is drowsiness caused by both sleep and alcohol. Due to driving for long time or intoxication, drivers might feel sleepy which is the biggest distraction for them while driving. This distraction might cost death of driver and other passengers in the vehicle and at the same time it also causes death of people in the other vehicles and pedestrians too. To prevent such accidents we, propose a system which alerts the driver if he/she feels drowsy. To accomplish this, we implement the solution using computer-vision based machine learning model. The driver’s face is detected by face recognition algorithm continuously using a camera and the face of the driver is captured. The face of the driver is given as input to a classification algorithm which is trained with a data set of images of drowsy and non-drowsy faces. The algorithm uses landmark detection to classify the face as drowsy or not drowsy. If the driver’s face is drowsy, a voice alert is generated by the system. This alert can make the driver aware that he/she is feeling drowsy and the necessary actions can then be taken by the driver.
Survey on Vision Based Hand Gesture Interface for Controlling Multimedia Player
Authors: Shashank Waghale  , Sarthak Bankhele  , Om Badade  , Prof. Priyanka Raikar
Published: April 2023

As computers become additional pervasive in society, facilitating natural human–computer interaction (HCI) can have a positive impact on their use. Hence, there has been growing interest within the development of recent approaches and technologies for bridging the human-computer barrier. the last word aim is to bring HCI to a regime wherever interactions with computers are going to be as natural as associate degree interaction between humans, and to the current finish, incorporating gestures in HCI is a crucial analysis space. Gestures have long been thought-about as associate degree interaction technique that may doubtless deliver additional natural, creative, and intuitive strategies for human activity with our computers. Hand gesture recognition is one amongll|one amongst|one in every of} the systemsthat may notice the gesture of the hand in a period of time video. The gesture of hand is classed inside a definite space of interest. during this study, planning hand gesture recognition is one among the difficult jobs that involves 2 major issues. foremost is that the detection of the hand. Another drawback is to form an indication that's appropriate to be used one hand at a time. This project concentrates on however a system might notice, acknowledge and interpret hand gesture recognition through computer vision with the difficult factors that variability within the create, orientation, location, and scale. To perform well for developing this project, differing kinds of gestures like numbers and sign languages got to be created during this system. The image taken from the period of time video is analyzed via Haar-cascade Classifier to notice the gesture of hand before the image process is finished or in different words to notice the looks of hand in a very frame. during this project, the detection of hand are going to be done mistreatment the theories of Region of Interest (ROI) via Python programming. the reason of the results are going to be targeted on the simulation half since the distinction for the hardware implementation is that the ASCII text file to scan the period of time input video. the event of hand gesture recognition mistreatment Python, OpenCV, and YOLO V3 will be enforced by applying the theories of hand segmentation and also the hand detection system that uses the Haar-cascade classifier
A Review on Modified Release Dosage Form
Authors: Shejal A. Late  , Bipin R. Gandhi
Published: April 2023

Among the various routes of drug delivery oral route is most preferred route. But conventional dosage form offers few limitations which could be resolved by modifying the existing dosage form. Sustained and controlled drug delivery system helps in maintaining of constant plasma drug concentration and retards the release rate of drug thereby extending the duration of action. Modified release drug products allow at least a two-fold reduction in dosing when compared to a drug that is presented in a conventional immediate release form. Modified release drug products are designed to release active pharmaceutical ingredient over a longer duration of time; At least, longer than an Immediate release (I.R) formulation. Many Pharmaceutical companies also utilize the proprietary advantages of Modified release formulations to extend the patent life cycle of commercial products thereby bringing in new business.
Voice Assistant and Virtual Mouse using Different AI Techniques and ML
Authors: Kalipu Ravi Kumar  , Shaik Kareem  , Shaik Yaseen  , S Syam Sundar Rao  , T.A. Avadeesh
Published: April 2023

This venture advocates a Human PC Cooperation strategy where cursor development can be controlled through ongoing camera by utilizing human hand stances acknowledgment. This strategy is an option in contrast to current procedures, which incorporate physically squeezing buttons or utilizing actual PC mouse. Instead, it manages various mouse events through camera and computer vision software and can perform any action that a standard computer mouse can. The Virtual Mouse color recognition software will continuously collect photos taken in real time and process them through a number of conversions and filters. Whenever everything is changed over, the application will utilize picture handling to extricate directions of determined variety position from changed over outlines. The process then looks at a list of color combinations, each of which corresponds to a specific set of mouse actions, and compares the current color schemes in the frames. On the off chance that the ongoing variety conspire matches, the application will play out the mouse order, which will be changed over into a genuine mouse order on the user\'s PC. Notwithstanding that creators have likewise fostered a voice right hand to further develop client efficiency by overseeing routine errands of the client and by giving data from online sources to the client since voice colleague is easy to utilize. The objective of this paper is to improve the virtual assistant's performance. In this way, what precisely is a remote helper. Software that understands natural language voice commands and can carry out tasks on your behalf is known as application software, which is also referred to as AI assistants or digital assistants. They are also referred to as virtual assistants. What is the role of a virtual assistant? The list of tasks that virtual assistants can carry out that you can carry out on your own smartphone or personal computer is constantly growing. Meeting scheduling, message delivery, and weather monitoring are just a few of the impressive tasks that virtual assistants typically carry out. Google Assistant and Cortana, two examples of previous virtual assistants, were limited in that they could only perform searches and were not entirely automated. To keep the song's control function intact, these engines, for instance, lack the ability to play and pause the song. They can only have the module to play and search for songs. In order to enhance the project's functionality, we are currently working on an automated Google, YouTube, and numerous other new tasks. Now, a virtual mouse that can only be used to control the cursor and click has been added to make the process easier.
Extracting Entities from Video and Tagging them - NLP Model
Authors: Anshika Pareek  , Aditi Mohan  , Naveen Rathi
Published: April 2023

In order to give consumers access to all the crucial details or the excitement of the films, video summarising seeks to create a high-quality text-based summary of the videos. In order to summarise a video, audio files must first be converted to text files, and then the video files. This whole Natural Language Processing's transformer architecture is used in conjunction with the process. Despite the fact that there have been numerous studies on text summarising, we propose our model, an extractive-video summarizer, which is based on cutting-edge pre-trained ML models and open-source libraries. The following regime is utilised by the extractive video summarizer: Creating a transdisciplinary collection of movies, extracting audio from video files, and creating text from audio recordings are just a few examples. the text summarization using (V)Entity extraction and extractive summarizers. Hindi and English, two widely spoken languages in India, were the main subjects of our research. To sum up, our model performs remarkably well and produces appropriate tags for videos.
Real- Time Object Detection for Blind People
Authors: P. Bharathi  , B. L. D. Spurthy  , A. Bhavani Priya  , B. Yashvardhan Krishna Murthy  , CH. Charan Sai Varaha Teja
Published: April 2023

Object detection and warning can improve the mobility as well as the safety of visually impaired people specially in unfamiliar environments. For this, firstly, objects are detected and localized and then the information of the objects will be sent to the visually impaired people by using different modalities such as voice. In this paper, we present an assistive system for visually impaired people based on TensorFlow object detection model and Google Speech’s model. This system consists of two main factors: environment information acquisition and analysis and information representation. The first element aims at capturing the environment by using TensorFlow object detection model and analyzing it in an order to detect the predefined objects for visually impaired people, while the second element tries to represent object’s information under the form of a speech to visually disabled person.
Recommendation System For E-bicycle Usage and Maintaining Stations
Authors: Durwankur Naik  , Sashwat Rout  , Anmol Dhar  , Gaurav Salvi  , Prof. M. L. Bangare
Published: April 2023

E-Bicycle sharing stations are suffering huge losses due to improper positioning of the stations and hence the potential of these stations could not be fully unlocked to its fullest due to lack of proper knowledge and insights about the user needs. This leads to a factor of loss among the businesses and thus creates negative environment for this sector. This project represents how the proper use of data about any particular aspect would lead to a great insight into that particular area which would not have been possible normally. This shows how the use of Various Machine Learning Algorithms would benefit a particular industry like E-Bike rental stations and help them to properly locate their stations for maximum profitability. By using the data we can optimize Business needs which helps the Owners of that Business tremendously.
A New Signal Processing Method Based on Notch Filtering and Wavelet Denoising in Wire Rope Inspection
Authors: Shubham Kamble  , Badal Waghmare  , Shivani Masram  , Juhi Lad  , Prof. Sagar Tarekar
Published: April 2023

Wire rope is a necessary tool in practical applications especially in crane, elevator and bridge construction, which plays an important role in the national economy and daily life, and safety inspection for wire rope is the key to ensure people’s life and property. However, detection signals are usually complicated due to the twining structures, which make the wire rope defect signal and strand signal mix together. What’s more, no reports and studies have appeared to solve this problem. In view of the situation and challenges above, this paper proposes a combined signal processing method based on notch filtering and wavelet denoising to process detected wire rope signals. Basic time domain, frequency domain and joint time–frequency analysis are first conducted, thereafter, conventional signal processing methods such as low-pass filtering and adaptive analysis are presented according to the signal characterizations. These comparisons and results demonstrate that a conventional single method is incapable of wire-rope-detection signal identification and differentiation. Nonetheless, after the notch filter design and calculation, the processing results for the typical wire rope inspection signals in the experiments indicate that the combined methods can not only distinguish steel wire rope defect signal and strand signal effectively but also with high detection accuracy, even for the inner defect. Finally, the feasibility and reliability are verified by a series of signal processing results and comparisons, which demonstrate that this new method has great application potential and is of vital significance to the development of wire rope safety inspection.
Utilization of "Learning House" as A Technology-Based Media for Technology-Based Indonesian Learning
Authors: Apriani Hamidah
Published: April 2023

today. If it is used in education, its function is to convey teaching materials, one of which is by utilizing technology such as the internet to access several existing sources. This research aims to gain knowledge about the application of "Rumah Belajar" as a technology-based learning media for Indonesian. The role of technology is very important in the field of education today. In addition, teacher creativity is needed to create interesting learning media and facilities. The research method used in This research is descriptive. Data collection is done by reviewing the results of similar studies' pre-existing learning media and examining learning media Indonesian-based technology. Results show that One of the learning media that students guided by the teacher can use is the "Learning House" application. The learning house is one of the contents created by the Education and Culture Information Technology and Data Center (PUSDATIN) of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud). The conclusion from the study is that Learning House contains learning material content that can be utilized by educators and Early Childhood Education (PAUD) students, Elementary Schools (SD), to High/Vocational High Schools (SMA/SMK) as sources of learning media. With the jargon: Study anywhere, anytime, with anyone, "learning house" is easy to access
Adaptation and validation of the Questionnaire on Exposure to Violence in young people
Authors: Arellanez-Hernández Jorge Luis , Velasquez-Lancheros Julian Camilo
Published: April 2023

For just over a decade, interpersonal violence has impacted the daily life of the Mexican population, particularly adolescents. With the aim of having an instrument that assesses the perception of violent events in different contexts, the objective was to adapt and validate the “Questionnaire exposure to violence” (CEV), to which was added a group of items related to exposure to violent events through the mass media (TV, social networks, and streaming). The findings show that the CEV has a high psychometric quality in the Mexican adolescent population, and that the inclusion of items related to the perception of the occurrence of violent events through the mass media proved to be useful to evaluate violence on this scale. The model obtained in the confirmatory factor analysis was verified by means of absolute indices (GFI, AGFI, CFI, RMSEA and NFI Delta1), which were above the minimum acceptable, showing two clearly defined factors: the perception of violence in physical contexts and in mass media contexts.
Adaptación y validación del “Cuestionario de exposición a la violencia” en jóvenes
Authors: Arellanez-Hernández Jorge Luis , Velasquez-Lancheros Julian Camilo
Published: April 2023

Desde hace poco más de una década la violencia interpersonal ha impactado la vida cotidiana de la población mexicana, particularmente la de los adolescentes. Con la intención de contar con un instrumento que permita valorar la percepción de eventos violentos en distintos contextos, se planteó el objetivo de adaptar y validar el “Cuestionario exposición a la violencia” (CEV); al que se le agregó un grupo de ítems relacionados con la exposición a eventos violentos a través de los medios de comunicación (TV, redes sociales y plataformas de entretenimiento). Los hallazgos muestran que el CEV cuenta con una alta calidad psicométrica con adolescentes mexicanos y, que, la inclusión de ítems relacionados con la percepción de la ocurrencia de eventos violentos en medios de comunicación resultó de utilidad para evaluar la violencia con esta escala. El modelo obtenido en el análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró índices absolutos (GFI, AGFI, CFI, RMSEA y NFI Delta1) por encima del mínimo aceptable, mostrando dos factores claramente definidos, la percepción de violencia en contextos físicos y en medios de comunicación.
Social appearance anxiety and self-esteem in women: could body mass index have a mediating role?
Authors: Göbel Pinar , Şanlıer Nevin , Kocabaş Sule
Published: April 2023

Social appearance anxiety has been associated with many concepts, especially body image and self-esteem, and has a very high level of comorbidity. We aimed to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI), body perception, social appearance anxiety and self-esteem among women, with a particular focus on the possible mediating effect of BMI regarding the relationship between social appearance anxiety and self-esteem. We included 1344 volunteer women in this study. The self-esteem scale scores of women differed significantly according to body image, BMI, and weighing frequency. Social appearance anxiety was found to be inversely associated with self-esteem, and this relationship remained significant when adjusted for BMI as a mediating parameter. As a result, it is expected that improving women's body perception and reducing social appearance anxiety are the foremost interventions to increase the self-esteem of these women.
Construct validity and psychometric properties of the Responses to Positive Affect (RPA) questionnaire
Authors: González Manuel , Lorenzo Laureano , Rascón Pilar , Alonso Raquel , Flores Inés
Published: April 2023

Previous studies confirm the role of depressive rumination in the exacerbation of negative mood. However, less is known about rumination in relation to positive affect. We present the construct validity and psychometric properties of the Responses to Positive Affect (RAP) questionnaire in a sample of 302 people from the general population (55.2% female), aged 18-68 years (M= 28.6, SD= 12.0). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicate a two-factor structure: emotion- and person-centered positive rumination (α= .88) and buffering (α= .83), both with adequate configural, metric and scalar invariance by sex. The two factors present adequate convergent, discriminant and incremental validity with constructs related to negative and positive affect. The results are discussed according to the studies reviewed and the RAP is proposed as an assessment instrument in therapeutic procedures that seek to enhance positive affect and psychological well-being.
Validez de constructo y propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario “Respuestas al afecto positivo” (RAP)
Authors: González Manuel , Lorenzo Laureano , Rascón Pilar , Alonso Raquel , Flores Inés
Published: April 2023

Los estudios constatan el papel de la rumia depresiva como un amplificador del estado de ánimo negativo, sin embargo, se conoce menos sobre la rumia relacionada con el afecto positivo. Presentamos la validez de constructo y propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario “Respuestas al afecto positivo” (RAP) en una muestra de 302 personas de la población general (55,2% mujeres), con edades entre los 18 y 68 años (M= 28,6; DT= 12,0). Los análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio indican una estructura de dos factores: rumia positiva centrada en la emoción y en la persona (α= 0,88) y amortiguación (α= 0,83), ambos con una adecuada invarianza configural, métrica y escalar por sexo. Los dos factores presentan una adecuada validez convergente, discriminante e incremental con constructos relacionados con el afecto negativo y positivo. Los resultados se discuten atendiendo a los estudios revisados y se propone el RAP como instrumento de evaluación en procedimientos terapéuticos que tratan de potenciar el afecto positivo y el bienestar psicológico.
Subclinical psychopathy and styles of intimate relationships
Authors: Guerrero-Molina Mónica , Barbosa-Torres Carlos , Moreno-Manso Juan Manuel
Published: April 2023

Different studies show the relationship between subclinical psychopathy and the strategies of distancing and avoidance that prevent the formation of stable and lasting emotional bonds in the couple. The study analyses subclinical psychopathy and the relationship style/love type in a sample of 1289 university students to determine its frequency, as well as the relationship between psychopathy and the relationship style/love type. The Integrated/Subclinical Psychopathy Questionnaire (CUPIS) and the Triangle of Love Scale (TLS) were used. It was found that a significant percentage of these students presents features that characterise subclinical psychopathy. In addition, it was found that the higher the score in psychopathy, the lower the intimacy, passion and commitment in their relationships. Furthermore, subclinical psychopathy was found to be a greater predictor of a lack of intimacy and commitment in intimate relationships between couples. In conclusion, we highlight that, in subclinical psychopathy, there are low patterns of intimacy and commitment in relationships; so these are unlikely to remain stable over time.
Analysis of psychopathological symptoms and aggressive expressive and instrumental behavior as a function of the risk of violence in offenders
Authors: Alonso del Hierro Tara , Peña-Fernández María Elena , Andreu-Rodríguez José Manuel
Published: April 2023

The goal of this research was to identify the most characteristic psychopathological symptomatology and type of aggression (expressive and instrumental) in individuals who presented a higher risk of violence in a sample of offenders. The sample consisted of 285 incarcerated males aged 20 to 67 years (M= 34.73, SD= 10.34) and it was divided into three groups according to violence risk (high, moderate, and low). The instruments used were the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), the Instrumental and Expressive Aggression Questionnaire (CAIE) and the Self-Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ). The results showed that, as violence risk increases, the levels of psychopathological symptomatology increase, as do expressive and instrumental aggressive behaviors, although psychoticism and expressive aggression best predicted belonging to the moderate- and high-risk groups. Therefore, moderate violence risk is sufficient to establish prevention and intervention measures in this population.
Homework assignment and compliance review from a behavioural perspective: the verbal sequences between therapist and client
Authors: Marchena Giráldez Carlos , Froxán Parga María Xesús , Calero Elvira Ana
Published: April 2023

Therapeutic (homework) tasks are a characteristic strategy in behavioral psychology to achieve clinical change. The aim of the present study is to determine how behavioural therapists assign therapeutic tasks and review their compliance. Observational methodology was used to analyse the verbal interaction of therapists and clients in 211 recorded sessions (19 complete successful cases) using a validated coding system (SIST-INTER-INSTR). The values for inter- and intra-judge reliability were from good to excellent. The study shows that behavioural psychologists offer motivating verbalisations when assigning therapeutic tasks. During the review of task compliance, therapists frequently provide positive reinforcement when clients report complete compliance with the assigned task but stop the review of tasks when clients report non-compliance or only partial compliance with the task. These sequences provide information about how behavioural therapists provide instructions for therapeutic tasks and review their compliance. This is a first step to study how these verbal sequences favour the establishment of TC and the effectiveness of treatment.
Asignación de tareas terapéuticas y revisión de su cumplimiento desde una perspectiva conductual: las secuencias verbales entre terapeuta y cliente
Authors: Marchena Giráldez Carlos , Froxán Parga María Xesús , Calero Elvira Ana
Published: April 2023

Las tareas terapéuticas (tareas para casa) constituyen una estrategia propia de la psicología conductual para conseguir el cambio clínico. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar cómo los terapeutas conductuales asignan las tareas terapéuticas y cómo revisan el cumplimiento. Se analizó la interacción verbal entre el terapeuta y el cliente en 211 sesiones grabadas (19 casos completos de éxito) mediante metodología observacional, a través del uso de un sistema de categorización (SIS-INTER-INSTR). Los valores de fiabilidad inter e intrajueces fueron entre buenos y excelentes. Los resultados muestran que los psicólogos conductuales emiten verbalizaciones motivadoras cuando asignan tareas terapéuticas. En la revisión del cumplimiento, frecuentemente refuerzan el cumplimiento de las tareas, pero dejan de evaluar el cumplimiento cuando el cliente informa que las ha realizado de forma parcial. Las secuencias verbales obtenidas proporcionan información sobre cómo los terapeutas conductuales dan instrucciones sobre las tareas terapéuticas y como revisan su cumplimiento. Esta información es un primer paso en el estudio de cómo esas secuencias pueden predecir o contribuir al establecimiento de una óptima colaboración terapéutica y a la eficacia del tratamiento.
Experiencias psicóticas autoinformadas: diferencias según la edad y la psicopatología asociada
Authors: Becerra-García Juan Antonio , Sánchez-Gutiérrez Teresa , Barbeito Sara , Calvo Ana
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo pretende explorar las diferencias en sintomatología psicopatológica que puede haber en la población general adulta con o sin experiencias psicóticas (EP) en función del rango de edad. Se evaluó la presencia de EP, la sintomatología psicopatológica general y diferentes características sociodemográficas y psicosociales en 216 personas sin antecedentes psiquiátricos personales. La muestra se dividió en adultos jóvenes (18-35 años) y maduros (36-60 años). Los jóvenes mostraron una mayor expresión de EP (33,6%). Los adultos maduros con EP presentaban más sintomatología psicopatológica en las dimensiones de hostilidad-ira, somatización, depresión y ansiedad que los adultos maduros sin EP. Los adultos jóvenes con EP mostraron significativamente más síntomas en las mismas dimensiones, así como también en las dimensiones de obsesión-compulsión, ideación paranoide y psicoticismo que los participantes de esta edad sin EP. Las EP son más frecuentes en personas de 18-35 años, sin embargo, pueden estar presentes en distintos rangos de edad y podrían alertar de la presencia de niveles elevados de sintomatología afectiva y de ira-hostilidad.
El proceso del estrés y el afrontamiento en cuidadores informales de personas con diagnóstico del espectro de la esquizofrenia. Un estudio longitudinal
Authors: Mora-Castañeda Belvy , Márquez-González María , Fernández-Liria Alberto , Martínez Huertas José Ángel , Cabrera Isabel , Olmos Ricardo , O'Connell Daniel
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este estudio longitudinal fue analizar el papel del estrés y las estrategias de afrontamiento en la explicación de la carga y la depresión de familiares cuidadores de personas con diagnóstico del espectro de la esquizofrenia. Fueron evaluados 30 pacientes este diagnóstico y sus cuidadores informales (n= 30). Los participantes fueron evaluados en tres momentos temporales: línea base, a los 5 meses y a los 10 meses. Se encontró una disminución de los niveles de carga subjetiva con el paso del tiempo. Asimismo, la carga subjetiva y la depresión del cuidador mostraron una mayor relación con aquellas variables del paciente relacionadas con la sintomatología negativa. A nivel longitudinal, la evitación y la resignación mostraron una notable relación con la carga subjetiva y la depresión. Los posibles cambios en la evaluación de las demandas que el trastorno plantea y en las estrategias de afrontamiento empleadas por los cuidadores sugieren el desarrollo de un proceso de adaptación al trastorno por parte del cuidador.
Relationship between disorganised speech, cognitive functions, and social functioning in people with schizophrenia
Authors: González-Pablos Emilio , Ayuso-Lanchares Ayuso , Botillo-Martín Carlota , Martín-Lorenzo Carlos
Published: April 2023

People with schizophrenia exhibit a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dysfunctions; among other difficulties, people with schizophrenia show disorganized speech, also called formal thought disorder or discourse disorder. The aim of this work is to analyze and find associations between disorganized speech, attention, cognitive impairment, and their relationship with the severity and social and adaptive functioning of patients with schizophrenia of chronic evolution living in an institution. A descriptive correlational and quantitative explanatory design is carried out with 71 patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia with different clinical scales, cognitive assessment scales and social functioning scales. The results show that people with schizophrenia have difficulties in all the areas assessed. Disconnected or disorganized speech is found to correlate positively with cognitive function, clinical severity, and social functioning. In conclusion, several associations between these variables are observed and need to be considered for proper intervention with this population.
Relación entre discurso desorganizado, funciones cognitivas y funcionamiento social en personas con esquizofrenia
Authors: González-Pablos Emilio , Ayuso-Lanchares Alba , Botillo-Martín Carlota , Martín-Lorenzo Carlos
Published: April 2023

La esquizofrenia comprende un gran abanico de disfunciones cognitivas, conductuales y emocionales; entre otras dificultades las personas con esquizofrenia muestran discurso desorganizado, también llamado trastorno formal del pensamiento o trastorno del discurso. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar y encontrar asociaciones entre el discurso desorganizado, la atención, la alteración cognitiva, y la relación que tienen con la gravedad y la funcionalidad social y adaptativa de los pacientes con esquizofrenia de evolución crónica que residen en una institución. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo correlacional y explicativo para la investigación, con 71 pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia crónica con diferentes escalas clínicas, escalas de evaluación cognitivas y escalas de funcionamiento social. Los resultados muestran que las personas con esquizofrenia tienen dificultades en todas las áreas evaluadas. Se observa que el habla desconectada o desorganizada correlaciona de manera positiva con la función cognitiva, la gravedad clínica y el funcionamiento social. Como conclusión, se observan una serie de asociaciones entre estas variables y es necesario tenerlas en cuenta para realizar una correcta intervención con esta población.