bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Twitter Sentiment Towards Madrasahs Using Classification Methods
Authors: Panggabean Supriadi , Gata Windu , Setiawan Tri Agus
Published: March 2023

In today's digital era, the influence and use of the internet has become a necessity, especially in Indonesia itself, internet users in early 2021 reached 202.6 million people. The most widely used internet use by Indonesians is social media. Several incidents of sexual violence that occurred in the madrasa environment as reported in the media, the emergence of radical Islamic issues which he said were the fruit of thoughts from the madrasa environment, terrorism which was also said to come from misinterpreting knowledge from madrasahs, intolerance to different religions, changes in the character of madrasah students and so on will cause negative thoughts towards  madrasah. To find out how the sentiment of social media users towards madrasahs, a study was conducted on analisis twitter sentiment towards madrasah using the classification method. The methods used are Naïve Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT) and K – Nearest Neighbor (K-NN).   Toimprove the performance of the classification method is carried out using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) selection feature.   On the other hand, tools gataframework, execute Python script dan rapidminer diguna kan jug a dalam penelitian this to membantu preprocessi ng dan cleansing pa da datasethingga membantu menciptaka n corpus dan sentiment ana lysis.   Acuration obtained from the Naïve Bayes algorithm accuracy: 76.86% +/- 5.24% (micro average: 76.86%), Decision Tree accuracy: 61.38% +/- 5.46% (micro average: 61.35%), K-NN accuracy: 74.70% +/- 4.83% (micro average: 74.67%), Naïve Bayes PSO accuracy: 80.80% +/- 4.86% (micro average: 80.79%, Decision Tree PSO accuracy: 65.27% +/- 5.26% (micro average: 65.28%), and K-NN PSO accuracy: 67.24% +/- 7.92% (micro average: 67.25%).  The results showed that the Naïve Bayes PSO algorithm got the best and accurate results. This study succeeded in obtaining an effective and best algorithm in classifying positive comments and negative comments related to sentiment analysis towards madrasahs by classification method.
Model of Inventory Planning Using Monte Carlo Simulation in Retail Supermarket with Consider To Competitors and Stimulus Strategies
Authors: Montororing Yuri Delano Regent , Widyantoro Murwan
Published: March 2023

Retail Supermarket is a retail company that provides various types of products to meet the primary needs of the community or people, such as food needs, various cleaning products, snacks, beverages, cosmetics, and many others. The growing retail business requires continously managed in retail company to work more effectively and efficiently in order to be able to face intense business competition so that business continuity can be maintained. The continuity of the company can be maintained if it is managed properly and has proper planning and control. Proper and careful planning followed by good control will continuously make the company's goal of achieving maximum profit achievable. This study will provide a proposal for inventory planning model using the Monte Carlo simulation method by paying attention to competitors and stimulus strategies, which can be used to predict sales for the next period so that the amount of inventory can be planned properly.
Implementation of Object Detection With You Only Look Once Algorithm in Limited Face-To-Face Times in Pandemic
Authors: Yunefri Yogi , Sutejo Sutejo , Fadrial Yogi Ersan , Anggraini Keumala , Ramadhani Maya , Hardianto Roki
Published: March 2023

Covid-19 has hit many countries in the world, including Indonesia. The rapid and deadly spread of Covid-19 reached Indonesia in early 2020. This pandemic of course had a detrimental impact on the Indonesian people in terms of health, economy, education and others. The Indonesian government certainly does not remain silent, the government is aggressively making efforts to break the Covid-19 chain in various ways, one of the efforts made is to continuously inform about the health protocols recommended by the government to prevent transmission. The Indonesian Ministry of Health (in Mardhia et al., 2020) Efforts that can be made in the prevention phase by each individual include: Wearing a mask, Wearing gloves, Using hand sanitizer/disinfectant, Washing hands with soap, Avoiding touching the face, Avoid shaking hands, Avoid gatherings or long queues, Avoid touching objects/object surfaces in public areas, Avoid taking public transportation, Maintain a distance of at least two meters from other people when outside the house, and If you show symptoms of illness, immediately notify the people around. Even though they have been informed about the prevention of Covid-19, the public tends to be negligent in implementing health protocols, one of which is the application of Social Distancing. Therefore, this study will create a distance detector using the YOLOv3 algorithm as one of the detection objects for the implementation of community activity restrictions
Finite Element Analysis and Fabrication of Voronoi Perforated Wrist Hand Orthosis Based on Reverse Engineering Modelling Method
Authors: Emzain Zakki Fuadi , Qosim Nanang , Mufarrih AM. , Hadi Syamsul
Published: March 2023

Other than surgery, post-stroke spasticity, fractures due to accidents, sports injuries, and musculoskeletal disorders due to office work on the wrist can be treated using a wrist-hand orthosis. The customized conventional methods usually have some drawbacks, which are more expensive, take a long time to manufacture, and require expert skills from medical therapists. The presence of reverse engineering (RE) technology can be applied in the medical field, such as the manufacture of prosthetic or orthosis devices. This study aims to develop a reverse engineering-based wrist-hand orthosis design, analyze it using the finite element method, and fabricate it. Research methods included 3D scanning, CAD modelling, model analysis, 3D printing, and postprocessing. The model material used was PLA with variations in the thickness of 5 mm, 5.5 mm, and 6 mm, and the load values range from 0 N to 30 N. The results of the equivalent stress analysis showed that the 5 mm thickness model could withstand a load of 30 N with a maximum equivalent stress of 23.46 MPa. With a safety factor value of 2.56, it was still relatively safe, and a critical area was at the back end of the model's palm between the thumb and index finger. The equivalent elastic strain and deformation results also had the same graphic trend with the maximum values for the same model, which were 0.0076 mm and 0.614 mm, respectively. The 3D printing FDM result showed that the Voronoi perforated wrist-hand orthosis prototype was sturdy, fit, and comfortable. It is expected to hold muscle tone and immobilize for hand rehabilitation.
The Implementation of Deep Learning Techniques in Developing Conversational Chatbot as The Source of Vaccination Information
Authors: Yuliska Yuliska , Najwa Nina Fadhilah , Syaliman Khairul Umam
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Indonesia for more than 2 years. To overcome Covid-19, Indonesian government implemented a vaccination program with a target of 70% of the population being vaccinated. However, the recorded population that has been vaccinated to reduce the risk of being exposed to Covid-19 is still low. Several studies have stated that information and invitations to vaccines through mass media are considered insufficient to convince the population to vaccinate. Residents who are still unsure and do not even want to vaccinate need really comprehensive information from experts. To answer this problem, a chatbot that can replace experts in explaining everything related to vaccines can be one solution. This is evidenced by a study which states that the interaction between people who have not been vaccinated with a chatbot that explains about vaccination can reduce the level of doubt of the population about the vaccine by up to 20%. The purpose of this research is to build a chatbot using deep learning technique. Meanwhile, the deep learning technique used to build a conversational chatbot is the Multilayer Perceptron Network (MLP). Based on the result of our study, our chatbot can answer 83% questions correctly out of 30 questions.
Measurement and Analysis of Tourism Website User Experience Using Usability Techniques
Authors: Sari Rika Perdana , Rasio Henim Silvana
Published: March 2023

A tourist destination is a geographical area within one or more administrative areas in which there are tourist attractions, public facilities, tourism facilities, accessibility, and communities that are interrelated and complement the realization of tourism. A website is a form of communication media that can provide certain information, which can be accessed by many people anytime and anywhere. The Regional Government (pemda) of Pekanbaru City has provided tourism information services in the form of tourist destinations and tourism activities on the website. Based on the results of preliminary observations made on the tourism website of the Pekanbaru City government, it was found that the tourism information provided was not up to date, and there were still many tourist objects in Pekanbaru that had not been published, so the information delivery process was not optimal and ineffective. The effectiveness of using the website must pay attention to usability of its use. Usability is a quality level of a system that is easy to learn, easy to use, and encourages users to use the system as a tool in completing tasks. Usability can be measured based on the quality of the user experience when interacting with the system operated by the user himself. Usability measurement on this tourism website is carried out using the System Usability Scale (SUS) measurement tool. Based on the measurement results using SUS, a score of 65.87 was obtained, where 10 of the statement items were declared valid and reliable. The score obtained shows that in terms of user satisfaction, it is stated to be included in the Marginal High category, predicate D with the adjective range Ok. This shows that the user's subjective assessment illustrates that the Pekanbaru City government's tourism website is less effective, efficient, and satisfying for users.
Finite Element Analysis of SS316L-Based Five-Hole Plate Implant For Fibula Reconstruction
Authors: Qosim Nanang , Emzain Zakki Fuadi , Mufarrih AM. , Monasari Ratna , Kusumattaqiin Fataa , Santoso Rangga E.
Published: March 2023

This study analyzed the design performance of SS316L-based plate implant for fibula restoration using a Finite Element Analysis approach. The simulated model design has dimensions of 35 x 5 x 1.5 mm and five holes with 2-3 configuration. The results of the bending test simulation showed that the values for both displacement and Von Mises stress that occurred (0.008 mm and 116 MPa of each) were still considerably below the yield stress of the SS316L material. The same results were also shown in the tensile test simulation, although the clamping setting on the plate was changed on the other side. From this finite element analysis approach, the SS316L-based five-hole plate implant design has a fairly good strength performance as a fibular bone-implant restoration product.
Implementation of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) Using Tesseract in Detecting Character in Quotes Text Images
Authors: Lestari Ikha Novie Tri , Mulyana Dadang Iskandar
Published: March 2023

The development of technology in Indonesia is currently increasingly advanced in people's lives and cannot be avoided. The use of Artificial Intelligence in helping humans in dealing with problems is growing. Humans can take advantage of computer/smartphone media in today's technological era. One of its uses is Optical Character Recognition. This research is motivated by the problem where the running system requires development in terms of technology to detect characters in the quote text image, because the previous system still performs manual input. Optical Character Recognition has been widely used to extract characters contained in digital image media. The ability of OCR methods and techniques is very dependent on the normalization process as an initial process before entering into the next stages such as segmentation and identification. The image normalization process aims to obtain a better input image so that the segmentation and identification process can produce optimal accuracy. To get maximum results, it takes several pre-processing stages on the image to be used. To achieve this, it is necessary to perform Optical Character Recognition which can be done using Tesseract-OCR. The OCR program that was created was successfully used to scan or scan a quote text image if the document was lost or damaged, and it could save time for creating, processing and typing documents.
Classification of Maturity Levels in Areca Fruit Based on HSV Image Using the KNN Method
Authors: Sarimole Frencis Matheos , Rosiana Anita
Published: March 2023

Areca nut (Areca catechu) is a kind of palm plant that grows in Asia and Africa, the eastern part of the Pacific and in Indonesia itself, areca nut can also be found on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan. At the stage of classifying the maturity of the betel nut so far, it is still using the manual method which at that stage has subjective weaknesses. Based on these problems, researchers will create a system that is able to classify the level of maturity of areca nut using HSV feature extraction with assistance at the classification stage using the KNN method. In this study, 842 datasets were used which were divided into 3 types of classes, namely ripe, unripe and old fruit. The dataset was divided into 683 training data and 159 test data. In the next stage, the data is tested using the K-Nearest Neighbor method by calculating the closest distance using k = 1. From the results of the calculation of the closest distance k1 produces an accuracy rate of 87.42%.
Kata kunci— Matlab, Areca Ripeness, KNN, HSV.
Classification of Melinjo Fruit Levels Using Skin Color Detection With RGB and HSV
Authors: Iskandar Dadang , Marjuki Marjuki
Published: March 2023

This study aims to detect the ripeness of melinjo fruit using digital image method. Structured identification or division using image processing and computer vision requires the socialization of patterns based on training datasets. Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is a plant that can grow anywhere, such as yards, gardens, or on the sidelines of residential areas, as a result, produces melinjo into a plant that has relatively large potential to be developed. The process of image processing and pattern socialization is a highly developed research study. Starting based on the process of socializing an object, or a structured division of the object and about detecting the level of fruit maturity. The structured division process regarding ripeness into 3 classes, namely: raw, half-cooked and ripe where the process is carried out using Google Collaboratory which processes the RGB color space to HSV. In this study, the testing method for the system that will be used is a functional test where the test is carried out only by observing the execution results through test data and checking the functionality of the system being developed. The level of accuracy obtained from this study is 98.0% correct.
Quasi-guided modes resulting from the band folding effect in a photonic crystal slab for enhanced interactions of matters with free-space radiations
Authors: Sun Kaili , Cai Yangjian , Levy Uriel , Han Zhanghua
Published: March 2023

We elucidate that guided modes supported by a regular photonic crystal slab structure composed of a square lattice of air holes in a silicon slab will transition into quasi-guided (leaky) modes when the radius of every second column of air holes is changed slightly. This intentional geometric perturbation will lead to a doubling of the period in one direction and the corresponding shrinkage of the first Brillouin zone. Because of the translational symmetry in the k-space, leaky waves inheriting the spatial dispersion of the original guided modes, which do not interact with external radiation, will appear with the dispersion curves above the light cone. Our results show that ultrahigh Q-factor resonances with large operating bandwidth can be achieved. Interestingly, the perturbation in only one direction of the photonic lattice will lead to an in-plane wave number-dependent resonance characteristic in both directions. Our numerical results demonstrate a local enhancement of the electric field magnitude by the order of 102, which is even more significant than those in most plasmonic structures. These quasi-guided modes with superior properties will provide a new platform for efficient light–matter interactions.
Sentido de vida, funcionalidad familiar y autoestima en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Castañeda Velázquez Hortencia , Meseguer Mendoza América Irene , Barcelos García María Graciela
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analizar el sentido de vida, funcionalidad familiar y autoestima en las y los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Medicina Humana de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, el presente estudio se realizó bajo el corte transversal analítico, se encuestó a 155 estudiantes de medicina humana previo consentimiento informado, aplicando los siguientes instrumentos de investigación el Logotest de E. Lukas con α de cronbach de 0.835; Autoestima para adultos de Coopersmith versión adultos de 25 ítems con Alpha de Cronbach de 0.81; FF SIL donde se evalúa el funcionamiento familiar con Alpha de cronbach de .88; posteriormente se realizó base de datos con el estadístico SPSS, teniendo medidas de tendencia central y medidas de asociación chi cuadrada. Resultados: de los 155 participantes el 47% masculinos y el 53% femeninos, de familia funcional 54%, moderadamente funcional 37%, disfuncional 6% y severamente disfuncional 3%; 153 estudiantes con autoestima baja, 2 con autoestima media baja, la escala de sentido de vida el 61% con buena “realización de sentido, 36% con media realización interior del sentido; 3% con mala realización interior del sentido; y una persona con peor realización interior del sentido. Chi cuadrada significativa p=0.003 funcionalidad familiar y sentido de vida.
Análisis de la equivalencia español-inglés de modismos populares
Authors: Chávez del Valle María de Lourdes , Morales Vázquez Eleazar , May Landero Juana , Arias Ovando Julio César
Published: March 2023

Los modismos son frases en una lengua que suelen evocar significados pragmáticos que han evolucionado con el paso del tiempo, por lo que cuentan con antecedentes históricos que permiten tener un entendimiento más preciso de lo que expresan. Esta complejidad para comprenderlos hace que como elementos lingüísticos sean en ocasiones difíciles de traducir. Sin embargo, la equivalencia como técnica de traducción ha resultado muy conveniente para este tipo de ejercicios con una implicación cultural. Esta técnica permite una concepción de un elemento lingüístico-cultural en amplitud, por lo que podría resultar útil para un aprendiz de idiomas. Por ello, en este análisis se busca exponer la flexibilidad de los modismos acompañados de la técnica de traducción equivalencia como forma de profundizar en el conocimiento metalingüístico de una nueva lengua.
USE OF PHYTO-TOXINS IN THE NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES OF AGATHA CHRISTIE
Authors: Kundu Agnita
Published: March 2023

Agatha Christie is known as the queen of crime. She has written numerous novels, short stories, plays and travelogue. Her work has been translated in several languages across the world, holding a Guiness World Record of maximum sold novelist. Her uniqueness as a novelist was partly due to her innovative and realistic ways of committing a murder. Poison was her favourite method. In order to be creative she has used various plant based poisons. This article takes a quantitative and objective look at the extensive use of phyto toxins in her work in a comprehensive way.
Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas Mengenai Baby Blues di Ruangan Rawat Inap Nifas RSUD Kota Bandung
Authors: Indriati Maya , Rahmawati Naili , Astriani Astriani
Published: March 2023

Baby blues merupakan perasaan hipersensitif yang wajar terjadi pada ibu setelah melahirkan, tetapi yang perlu diwaspadai, hal ini dapat bertambah serius dan bertahan lama yang biasanya disebut dengan postpartum depression. Pengetahuan seseorang dapat diinterpretasikan dengan skala yang bersifat kualitatif, yaitu pengetahuan baik : 76 % - 100 , pengetahuan cukup : 60 % - 75 %, pengetahuan kurang : < 60 %. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan ibu nifas mengenai baby blues meliputi pengetahuan baby blues secara umum, pengertian baby blues, tanda gejala baby blues, penyebab baby blues, dan pencegahan baby blues. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan populasi 30 orang ibu nifas Instrument penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada responden ibu nifas yang dirawat di ruang rawat inap RSUD Kota Bandung.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengetahuan ibu nifas secara umum mengenai baby blues sudah baik 63%, pengetahuan ibu nifas mengenai pengertian baby blues sudah baik 73%, pengetahuan ibu nifas mengenai tanda gejala baby blues sudah baik 63%, pengetahuan ibu nifas mengenai penyebab baby blues sudah baik 83%, pengetahuan ibu nifas mengenai pencegahan baby blues sudah baik 53%.
Customs on paddy field loss(浦落) and mud formation due to flooding(泥生) in Traditional Legislation
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Son Kyoung Chan
Published: March 2023

In this study, I traced the custom of paddy field loss(浦落), which is recognized as the cause of the loss of land ownership in the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court decision. The paddy field loss was not judged as the cause of the loss of ownership from the Chosun Dynasty to the enlightenment period. According to the custom in the traditional society, when the paddy field loss was caused due to flooding and the land was submerged in a river, and a new land(泥生地) was created by the mud formation on the opposite shore or downstream of a river, the landowner of the paddy field loss could obtain the ownership of the new land. In addition, it can be seen that the legal principles of paddy field loss(浦落) and mud formation due to flooding(泥生) in the Chosun Dynasty are similarly applied to civil trials in the enlightenment period. However, the custom on paddy field loss and mud formation due to flooding has been no longer recognized by the decision of the Chosun High Court on November 1918. And in 1927, the Chosun Stream Order(朝鮮河川令) was enacted, which specified that the land which has become the public stream due to paddy field loss is not the subject of ownership in the text of the law. After liberation, the Supreme Court had faithfully succeeded the regulations of Chosun Stream Order(朝鮮河川令) and the decision by Chosun High Court. Therefore, the decision of supreme court has maintained that 'the land ownership is lost due to paddy field loss. In the traditional society, paddy field loss and mud formation due to flooding were approached in terms of the efficiency of the national tax administration. On the other hand, in the modern society after the Japanese colonial period, there is a difference in approaching paddy field loss and mud formation due to flooding as a matter of who belongs to land ownership.
The Status and Role of Law in Bio-politics: Bio-politics and law seen through the ｢SERIOUS ACCIDENTS PUNISHMENT ACT｣
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Kim Bong Su
Published: March 2023

At some point, the victim’s name comes before the bill. These ‘naming bills’ honor ‘deaths that became law’. The ｢SERIOUS ACCIDENTS PUNISHMENT ACT｣ to be covered in this article is one of the “Acts as a Monument” which was called the “Late Kim Yong-kyun Act.” Bio-politics emerges in the philosophical context of postmodernity to overcome Western modernity. In other words, it is the “Bio-politics” that focuses on overcoming modern understanding of humans (humanism, reason, rationality, etc.) and human life and life that are at stake in the excess of capitalism and science and technology. And the law is related to Bio-politics in that it is a social condition that is partially involved in the discussion of life politics of Foucault, Agamben, and Hart/Negri. As the name of the law says, the Serious Disaster Punishment Act is a law specially enacted for the punishment of disaster managers. And the legitimacy of the punishment is sought from “prevention of serious disasters” and “protection of life and body.” From this point, the moment when “protection of life and body” is put to the forefront as the justification for punishment, the law for punishment is linked to “Bio-politics” and “Bio-power” intervenes in the process. The ｢SERIOUS ACCIDENTS PUNISHMENT ACT｣ shows the appearance of “living” Bio-power by expanding the scope of protection to “workers and citizens,” but also creates exceptions or blind spots by reducing/limiting the scope and scope of application through the norm framework of “principle-exception.” However, the fact that the ｢SERIOUS ACCIDENTS PUNISHMENT ACT｣ was enacted to enable punishment of managers and corporations, which was previously impossible, may indicate that “multiple” resistance to life power has already begun. I think that the current time, one year after the enforcement of the law, is a time when the boundaries between life and death have not yet been clearly drawn. Therefore, now is the time to redraw the boundaries of the law in the direction of expanding the realm of life a little more through multiple continuous attention and raising questions, not as “Joe” or “Homo Soccer,” but as “Bios.”
DETERMINANT FACTOR OF CONTINUOUS ACCOUNTING IMPLEMENTATION BASED ON INDONESIA BANKING’S EMPLOYEES
Authors: Widiyat Dian , Murwaningsari Etty , Gunawan Juniati
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of digital capabilities, cybersecurity awareness, green human capital, gender and experience on the continuous accounting implementation. This study uses primary data in the form of questionnaires. The sample in this study was 614 employees of the finance and information technology division at banks registered with the Bank Based on Core Capital Group (KBMI). The result of this study shows that digital capability has no influence on continuous accounting implementation, cybersecurity awareness has a positive influence on continuous accounting implementation, green human capital has a positive influence on continuous accounting implementation, gender has a positive influence on continuous accounting implementation, and experience has no influence on continuous accounting implementation
El Canto como beneficio en el desarrollo de las emociones
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Vásquez Alburqueque Iris Liliana , Chunga Amaya Wilson Hugo ,   Universidad Antenor Orrego
Published: March 2023

Las emociones se clasifican desde un enfoque biológico, social, psicológico, complejo, básico, primario y secundario. El objetivo fue buscar una explicación teórica de la relación del canto con el manejo de las emociones primarias y brindar un programa utilizándolo como beneficio para las emociones. Su diseño metodológico responde a una investigación preexperimental, de enfoque cuantitativo y alcance descriptivo. La muestra está representada por 24 estudiantes del 1er ciclo del taller de música de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Salud de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo del año 2021. Se aplicó un cuestionario para medir las emociones tomado de la propuesta de Rodríguez, Oñate y Mesurado, que, si bien ya había sido aplicado el año 2017, fue validado por un psicólogo y sometido al proceso de la prueba de confiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach, dando como resultado que el nivel de varianza fue de 0.74, es decir rango de excelente confiabilidad. Se aplicó al inicio y salida de cada sesión un cuestionario y se registraron los detalles de la experiencia a través de una guía de anecdotario. Los resultados más resaltantes muestran que sí existía una problemática de falta de control de emociones, reflejado en un 16% de estudiantes, no obstante, después de la propuesta, donde cantaban solos-grupo, en la esquina de su barrio con un amigo, en karaokes de clase, imitaban cantando artistas y adivinaban canciones, sus comentarios, videos y productos expresaron que un 95% sentía emociones primarias positivas con la experiencia, quedando demostrado como conclusión que cualitativa y cuantitativamente el programa fue eficiente.
A Measurement of the Cosmic Optical Background and Diffuse Galactic Light Scaling from the R < 50 au New Horizons-LORRI Data
Authors: Symons Teresa , Zemcov Michael , Cooray Asantha , Lisse Carey , Poppe Andrew R.
Published: March 2023

Direct photometric measurements of the cosmic optical background (COB) provide an important point of comparison to both other measurement methodologies and models of cosmic structure formation, and permit a cosmic consistency test with the potential to reveal additional diffuse sources of emission. The COB has been challenging to measure from Earth due to the difficulty of isolating it from the diffuse light scattered from interplanetary dust in our solar system. We present a measurement of the COB using data taken by the Long-Range Reconnaissance Imager on NASA's New Horizons mission, considering all data acquired to 47 au. We employ a blind methodology where our analysis choices are developed against a subset of the full data set, which is then unblinded. Dark current and other instrumental systematics are accounted for, including a number of sources of scattered light. We fully characterize and remove structured and diffuse astrophysical foregrounds including bright stars, the integrated starlight from faint unresolved sources, and diffuse galactic light. For the full data set, we find the surface brightness of the COB to be

λ

I

λ

COB

=
21.98
±
1.23

(
stat
.
)
±
1.36

(
cal
.
)

nW m−2 sr−1. This result supports recent determinations that find a factor of 2–3× more light than expected from the integrated light from galaxies and motivate new diffuse intensity measurements with more capable instruments that can support spectral measurements over the optical and near-IR.
Dependence of Cosmological Constraints on Gray Photometric Zero-point Uncertainties of Supernova Surveys
Authors: Brownsberger Sasha R. , Brout Dillon , Scolnic Daniel , Stubbs Christopher W. , Riess Adam G.
Published: March 2023

Type Ia supernova (SN) measurements of the Hubble constant, H
0; cosmic mass density, Ω
M
; and dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w, rely on heterogeneous SN surveys across three decades of observation. These distinct surveys may have undiagnosed, relative photometric zero-point errors. We determine the sensitivities of the SH0ES+Pantheon+ cosmological constraints to unknown gray systematics in the photometric zero-point calibration between the 19 surveys that comprise the Pantheon+ SN compendium. Varying the surveys’ gray zero-points simultaneously with cosmological parameters, we determine that the SH0ES+Pantheon+ measurement of H
0 is robust against gray intersurvey photometric miscalibration. Specifically, uncalibrated intersurvey systematics could represent a source of uncertainty no larger than 0.39 km s−1 Mpc−1 for H
0. This modest increase in H
0 uncertainty could not account for the 7 km s−1 Mpc−1 “Hubble tension” between the SH0ES measurement of H
0 and the Planck ΛCDM-based inference of H
0. However, the SH0ES+Pantheon+ best-fit values of Ω
M
and w are not robust against gray zero-point error, slipping by up to 0.16 and −0.63. Because measurements of Ω
M
and w depend on intrasurvey cross-band calibration, the hypothetical gray miscalibration underestimates the sensitivity of these measurements to zero-point miscalibration. Because the Pantheon+ compendium contains many surveys that share low-z Hubble flow (HF) and Cepheid-paired SNe, intersurvey photometric calibration errors do not significantly impede the joint use of SH0ES and Pantheon+ to measure H
0 to 1% accuracy. However, H
0 constraints that rely on one HF survey but numerous galactic distance calibration surveys are susceptible to intersurvey photometric miscalibration.
gyre_tides: Modeling Binary Tides within the GYRE Stellar Oscillation Code
Authors: Sun 孙 Meng 萌 , Townsend R. H. D. , Guo Zhao
Published: March 2023

We describe new functionality in the GYRE stellar oscillation code for modeling tides in binary systems. Using a multipolar expansion in space and a Fourier-series expansion in time, we decompose the tidal potential into a superposition of partial tidal potentials. The equations governing the small-amplitude response of a spherical star to an individual partial potential are the linear, non-radial, nonadiabatic oscillation equations with an extra inhomogeneous forcing term. We introduce a new executable, gyre_tides, that directly solves these equations within the GYRE numerical framework. Applying this to selected problems, we find general agreement with results in the published literature but also uncover some differences between our direct solution methodology and the modal decomposition approach adopted by many authors. In its present form gyre_tides can model equilibrium and dynamical tides of aligned binaries in which radiative diffusion dominates the tidal dissipation (typically, intermediate- and high-mass stars on the main sequence). Milestones for future development include incorporation of other dissipation processes, spin–orbit misalignment, and the Coriolis force arising from rotation.
Does the HCN/CO Ratio Trace the Star-forming Fraction of Gas? I. A Comparison with Analytical Models of Star Formation
Authors: Bemis Ashley R. , Wilson Christine D.
Published: March 2023

We use archival ALMA observations of the HCN and CO J = 1–0 transitions, in addition to the radio continuum at 93 GHz, to assess the relation between dense gas, star formation, and gas dynamics in 10 nearby (ultra)luminous IR galaxies (U)LIRGs and late-type galaxy centers. We frame our results in the context of turbulent and gravoturbulent models of star formation to assess whether the HCN/CO ratio tracks the gravitationally bound star-forming gas in molecular clouds (f
grav) at subkiloparsec scales in nearby galaxies. We confirm that the HCN/CO ratio is a tracer of gas above n
SF ≈ 104.5 cm−3, but the subkiloparsec variations in HCN/CO do not universally track f
grav. We find strong evidence for the use of varying star formation density-threshold models, which are able to reproduce trends observed in t
dep and ϵ
ff that fixed-threshold models do not reproduce. Composite lognormal and power-law models outperform pure lognormal models in reproducing the observed trends, even when a fixed power-law slope is used. The ability of the composite models to better reproduce the star formation properties of the gas provides additional indirect evidence that the star formation efficiency per freefall time is proportional to the fraction of gravitationally bound gas.
New Determination of the 12C(α, γ)16O Reaction Rate and Its Impact on the Black-hole Mass Gap
Authors: Shen Yangping , Guo Bing , deBoer Richard J. , Li Ertao , Li Zhihong , Li Yunju , Tang Xiaodong , Pang Danyang , Adhikari Sucheta , Basu Chinmay , Su Jun , Yan Shengquan , Fan Qiwen , Liu Jiancheng , Chen Chen , Han Zhiyu , Li Xinyue , Lian Gang , Ma Tianli , Nan Wei , Nan Weike , Wang Youbao , Zeng Sheng , Zhang Hao , Liu Weiping
Published: March 2023

We present a precise measurement of the asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC) for the 16O ground state (GS) through the 12C(11B, 7Li)16O transfer reaction using the Quadrupole‐3‐Dipole (Q3D) magnetic spectrograph. The present work sheds light on the existing discrepancy of more than 2 orders of magnitude between the previously reported GS ANC values. This ANC is believed to have a strong effect on the 12C(α, γ)16O reaction rate by constraining the external capture to the 16O ground state, which can interfere with the high-energy tail of the 2+ subthreshold state. Based on the new ANC, we determine the astrophysical S-factor and the stellar rate of the 12C(α, γ)16O reaction. An increase of up to 21% in the total reaction rate is found within the temperature range of astrophysical relevance compared with the previous recommendation of a recent review. Finally, we evaluate the impact of our new rate on the pair-instability mass gap for black holes (BH) by evolving massive helium core stars using the MESA stellar evolution code. The updated 12C(α, γ)16O reaction rate decreases the lower and upper edges of the BH gap about 12% and 5%, respectively.
VERITAS and Fermi-LAT Constraints on the Gamma-Ray Emission from Superluminous Supernovae SN2015bn and SN2017egm
Authors: Acharyya A. , Adams C. B. , Bangale P. , Benbow W. , Buckley J. H. , Capasso M. , Dwarkadas V. V. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Foote G. M. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gallagher G. , Gent A. , Hanlon W. F , Hervet O. , Holder J. , Humensky T. B. , Jin W. , Kaaret P. , Kertzman M. , Kherlakian M. , Kieda D. , Kleiner T. K , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , Lundy M. , Maier G. , McGrath C. E , Millis J. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nievas-Rosillo M. , O’Brien S. , Ong R. A. , Patel S. R. , Pfrang K. , Pohl M. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Reynolds P. T. , Ribeiro D. , Roache E. , Ryan J. L. , Sadeh I. , Santander M. , Sembroski G. H. , Shang R. , Splettstoesser M. , Tak D. , Tucci J. V. , Weinstein A. , Williams D. A. ,   VERITAS collaboration, Metzger B. D. , Nicholl M. , Vurm I.
Published: March 2023

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are a rare class of stellar explosions with luminosities ∼ 10–100 times greater than ordinary core-collapse supernovae. One popular model to explain the enhanced optical output of hydrogen-poor (Type I) SLSNe invokes energy injection from a rapidly spinning magnetar. A prediction in this case is that high-energy gamma-rays, generated in the wind nebula of the magnetar, could escape through the expanding supernova ejecta at late times (months or more after optical peak). This paper presents a search for gamma-ray emission in the broad energy band from 100 MeV to 30 TeV from two Type I SLSNe, SN2015bn, and SN2017egm, using observations from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS. Although no gamma-ray emission was detected from either source, the derived upper limits approach the putative magnetar’s spin-down luminosity. Prospects are explored for detecting very-high-energy (VHE; 100 GeV–100 TeV) emission from SLSNe-I with existing and planned facilities such as VERITAS and CTA.
Role of Small-scale Impulsive Events in Heating the X-Ray Bright Points of the Quiet Sun
Authors: Mondal Biswajit , Klimchuk James A , Vadawale Santosh V. , Sarkar Aveek , Del Zanna Giulio , Athiray P. S. , Mithun N. P. S. , Mason Helen E. , Bhardwaj Anil
Published: March 2023

Small-scale impulsive events, known as nanoflares, are thought to be one of the prime candidates that can keep the solar corona hot at its multimillion-Kelvin temperature. Individual nanoflares are difficult to detect with the current generation of instruments; however, their presence can be inferred through indirect techniques such as Differential Emission Measure (DEM) analysis. Here, we employ this technique to investigate the possibility of nanoflare heating of the quiet corona during the minimum of solar cycle 24. We estimate the DEM of disk-integrated quiet Sun and X-ray bright points (XBP) using the observations from XSM on board the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and AIA on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory. XBPs are found to be the dominant contributor to disk-integrated X-rays, with a radiative flux of ∼2 × 105 erg cm−2 s−1. XBPs consist of small-scale loops associated with bipolar magnetic fields. We simulate such XBP loops using the EBTEL hydrodynamic code. The lengths and magnetic field strengths of these loops are obtained through a potential field extrapolation of the photospheric magnetogram. Each loop is assumed to be heated by random nanoflares having an energy that depends on the loop properties. The composite nanoflare energy distribution for all the loops has a power-law slope close to −2.5. The simulation output is then used to obtain the integrated DEM. It agrees remarkably well with the observed DEM at temperatures above 1 MK, suggesting that the nanoflare distribution, as predicted by our model, can explain the XBP heating.
Influence of Magnetic Fields on the Gas Rotation in the Galaxy NGC 6946
Authors: Khademi M. , Nasiri S. , Tabatabaei F. S.
Published: March 2023

Magnetic fields can play an important role in the energy balance and formation of gas structures in galaxies. However, their dynamical effect on the rotation curve of galaxies is immensely unexplored. We investigate the dynamical effect of the known magnetic arms of NGC 6946 on its circular gas rotation traced in H i, considering two dark-matter mass-density models, ISO, and the universal NFW profile. We used a three-dimensional model for the magnetic field structure to fit the modeled rotation curve to the observed data via a χ
2 minimization method. The shape of the H i gas rotation curve is reproduced better including the effect of the magnetic field, especially in the outer part, where the dynamical effect of the magnetic field could become important. The typical amplitude of the regular magnetic field contribution in the rotation curve is about 6–14 km s−1 in the outer gaseous disk of the galaxy NGC 6946. The contribution ratio of the regular magnetic field to the observed circular velocity and to dark matter increases with the galactocentric radius. Its ratio to the observed rotational velocity is about 5% and, to dark matter, is about 10% in the outer regions of the galaxy NGC 6946. Therefore, the large-scale magnetic fields cannot be completely ignored in the large-scale dynamics of spiral galaxies, especially in the outer parts of galaxies.
The Physical Conditions of Emission-line Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn from JWST/NIRSpec Spectroscopy in the SMACS 0723 Early Release Observations
Authors: Trump Jonathan R. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Simons Raymond C. , Backhaus Bren E. , Amorín Ricardo O. , Dickinson Mark , Fernández Vital , Papovich Casey , Nicholls David C. , Kewley Lisa J. , Brunker Samantha W. , Salzer John J. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Almaini Omar , Bagley Micaela B. , Berg Danielle A. , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Bisigello Laura , Buat Véronique , Burgarella Denis , Calabrò Antonello , Casey Caitlin M. , Ciesla Laure , Cleri Nikko J. , Cole Justin W. , Cooper M. C. , Cooray Asantha R. , Costantin Luca , Croton Darren , Ferguson Henry C. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Fujimoto Seiji , Gardner Jonathan P. , Gawiser Eric , Giavalisco Mauro , Grazian Andrea , Grogin Norman A. , Hathi Nimish P. , Hirschmann Michaela , Holwerda Benne W. , Huertas-Company Marc , Hutchison Taylor A. , Jogee Shardha , Juneau Stéphanie , Jung Intae , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Kirkpatrick Allison , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Lucas Ray A. , Magnelli Benjamin , Matharu Jasleen , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pirzkal Nor , Rafelski Marc , Rose Caitlin , Seillé Lise-Marie , Somerville Rachel S. , Straughn Amber N. , Tacchella Sandro , Vanderhoof Brittany N. , Weiner Benjamin J. , Wuyts Stijn , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Zavala Jorge A.
Published: March 2023

We present rest-frame optical emission-line flux ratio measurements for five z > 5 galaxies observed by the James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) in the SMACS 0723 Early Release Observations. We add several quality-control and post-processing steps to the NIRSpec pipeline reduction products in order to ensure reliable relative flux calibration of emission lines that are closely separated in wavelength, despite the uncertain absolute spectrophotometry of the current version of the reductions. Compared to z ∼ 3 galaxies in the literature, the z > 5 galaxies have similar [O iii]λ5008/Hβ ratios, similar [O iii]λ4364/Hγ ratios, and higher (∼0.5 dex) [Ne III]λ3870/[O II]λ3728 ratios. We compare the observations to MAPPINGS V photoionization models and find that the measured [Ne III]λ3870/[O II]λ3728, [O iii]λ4364/Hγ, and [O iii]λ5008/Hβ emission-line ratios are consistent with an interstellar medium (ISM) that has very high ionization (

log
(
Q
)
≃
8
−
9

, units of cm s−1), low metallicity (Z/Z
⊙ ≲ 0.2), and very high pressure (

log
(
P

/

k
)
≃
8
−
9

, units of cm−3). The combination of [O iii]λ4364/Hγ and [O iii]λ(4960 + 5008)/Hβ line ratios indicate very high electron temperatures of

4.1
<
log
(

T

e

/

K
)
<
4.4

, further implying metallicities of Z/Z
⊙ ≲ 0.2 with the application of low-redshift calibrations for “T

e
-based” metallicities. These observations represent a tantalizing new view of the physical conditions of the ISM in galaxies at cosmic dawn.
DNA barcoding of the genus Alburnoides Jeitteles, 1861 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) from Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Canoglu Halim , Aksu Ismail , Turan Davut , Bektas Yusuf
Published: March 2023

The present study investigated the ability of DNA barcoding to reliably identify the endemic freshwater species in Turkey, known as biodiversity hotspots. The barcode region (652 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was used to barcode 153 individuals from 13 morphologically identified species of the genus Alburnoides. Based on the Kimura two-parameter (K2P) evolution model, the average interspecific distance (0.0595) was 31-fold higher than the average intraspecific distance (0.0019). There was a clear-cut barcode gap (0.0158–0.0187) between maximum intraspecific distance (A. tzanevi and A. velioglui) and minimum nearest-neighbour distance (A. freyhofi and A. kurui) for Anatolian Alburnoides species and a common genetic threshold of 0.0158 sequence divergence was defined for species delimitation. The multiple species delimitation methods (ABGD, ASAP, GMYC and bPTP) revealed a total of 11 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) for 13 morphospecies. Neighbour-joining (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) tree analysis indicated that all haplotypes were clustered into two major clades, which corresponded to eleven Alburnoides species clusters, with strong bootstrap support. Furthermore, all the specimens clustered in concurrence with the morpho-taxonomic status of the species, except for two species (A. coskuncelebii and A. emineae) that were morphologically differentiated, but showed overlap in variation for COI-based DNA barcode data with other species. Overall, present results identified that COI-based DNA barcoding is effective for species identification and cataloguing of genus Alburnoides in Turkey.