bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Electrocardiographic and Earlobe Pulse Photoplethysmographic Detection for Evaluating Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Subjects in Short- and Long-Term Recordings
Authors: Vescio Basilio , Salsone Maria , Gambardella Antonio , Quattrone Aldo
Published: March 2018

Heart rate variability (HRV) is commonly used to assess autonomic functions and responses to environmental stimuli. It is usually derived from electrocardiographic signals; however, in the last few years, photoplethysmography has been successfully used to evaluate beat-to-beat time intervals and to assess changes in the human heart rate under several conditions. The present work describes a simple design of a photoplethysmograph, using a wearable earlobe sensor. Beat-to-beat time intervals were evaluated as the time between subsequent pulses, thus generating a signal representative of heart rate variability, which was compared to RR intervals from classic electrocardiography. Twenty-minute pulse photoplethysmography and ECG recordings were taken simultaneously from 10 healthy individuals. Ten additional subjects were recorded for 24 h. Comparisons were made of raw signals and on time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters. There were small differences between the inter-beat intervals evaluated with the two techniques. The current findings suggest that our wearable earlobe pulse photoplethysmograph may be suitable for short and long-term home measuring and monitoring of HRV parameters.
Design and Implementation of an RTK-Based Vector Phase Locked Loop
Authors: Shafaati Ahmad , Lin Tao , Broumandan Ali , Lachapelle Gérard
Published: March 2018

This paper introduces a novel double-differential vector phase-locked loop (DD-VPLL) for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) that leverages carrier phase position solutions as well as base station measurements in the estimation of rover tracking loop parameters. The use of double differencing alleviates the need for estimating receiver clock dynamics and atmospheric delays; therefore, the navigation filter consists of the baseline dynamic states only. It is shown that using vector processing for carrier phase tracking leads to a significant enhancement in the receiver sensitivity compared to using the conventional scalar-based tracking loop (STL) and vector frequency locked loop (VFLL). The sensitivity improvement of 8 to 10 dB compared to STL, and 7 to 8 dB compared to VFLL, is obtained based on the test cases reported in the paper. Also, an increased probability of ambiguity resolution in the proposed method results in better availability for real time kinematic (RTK) applications.
Speed Responses to Speed Humps as Affected by Time of Day and Light Conditions on a Residential Road with Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Road Lighting
Authors: Jägerbrand Annika , Johansson Maria , Laike Thorbjörn
Published: March 2018

The speed-reducing effect of speed humps during darkness is important to ensure a consistent speed reduction and a decreased probability of accidents during darkness. This study examined the effects of speed humps, compared with a control location, on a residential road in Sweden with light-emitting diode (LED) street lighting and a 30 km/h posted speed limit. Hypotheses tested were that: (I) vehicle speed is higher during daylight than in darkness; (II) speed at speed humps is lower than at control locations during both daylight and darkness; (III) speed at humps is higher during daylight; (IV) vehicle speed at humps is lower when luminance or visibility of the humps is greater; and, (V) the road environment of speed humps is perceived as being similar by drivers. The results showed that vehicle speed at the control location was negligibly higher (+0.3 km/h) during daylight than in darkness. Speed humps reduced driving speed by 20% when compared with the posted speed limit and the effect was not significantly different between daylight and darkness. Speed reduction for the three speed humps varied between 9% and 29% as compared with the posted speed limit. In this study, the LED road lighting that was placed directly above or in front of the hump achieved the highest luminance. This study could not reveal any significant differences in vehicle speed attributable to light conditions per se.
The Impact of 120 Minutes of Match-Play on Recovery and Subsequent Match Performance: A Case Report in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Winder Nathan , Russell Mark , Naughton Robert , Harper Liam
Published: March 2018

The influence of a match including extra-time (ET) on subsequent 90 min match performance and recovery has not been investigated. Four professional soccer players played in three competitive matches in a 7-day period: matches one (MD1) and three (MD3) lasted 90 min and match 2 (MD2) lasted 120 min (i.e., included ET). Physical (total and high-intensity (HI) distance covered, accelerations and decelerations, and mechanical load) and technical performances (pass and dribble accuracy) were analyzed throughout match-play. Subjective measures of recovery and countermovement jump (CMJ) height were made 36–42 h post-match. Post-MD2, there were very or most likely harmful effects of ET on CMJ height (−6 ± 9%), muscle soreness (+18 ± 12%), and fatigue (+27 ± 4%) scores, and overall wellness score (−13 ± 5%) compared to post-MD1. Furthermore, there were very likely harmful effects on muscle soreness (+13 ± 14%), wellness scores (−8 ± 10%), and CMJ height (−6 ± 9%) post-MD3 vs. post-MD1. There was a possibly harmful effect of ET on HI distance covered during MD3, along with reductions in pass (−9.3%) and dribble (−12.4%) accuracy. An ET match negatively impacted recovery 36 h post-match. Furthermore, in some players, indices of performance in a 90 min match played 64 h following ET were compromised, with subsequent recovery also adversely affected.
Monitoring and Modelling Bio-Physical Parameters for Hypoxia Hazard in a Coastal Sand Pit
Authors: Mariani Patrizio , Benassai Guido , Grieco Luisa , Stenberg Claus , Støttrup Josianne
Published: March 2018

Management of coastal areas requires monitoring and modeling of the anthropogenic drivers and the bio-physical processes affecting water quality. To assess the range of hydrographic conditions controlling oxygen distribution in the bottom layers of sand pits, a multi-year oceanographic survey has been conducted in a coastal area with several extraction pits. Hydrographic data including profiles of temperature, salinity and oxygen were collected and related to local wind conditions and circulation. Moreover, 1D and 3D high-resolution non-hydrostatic ocean models were used to describe turbulent mixing regimes and to obtain the range of wind speeds for which the critical anoxic conditions may occur. It is shown that wind speed appears to control the dynamics of oxygen concentrations, with oxygen depleted zones developing in a short time in low wind speed conditions. Moreover, the depth and the shape of the extraction pit contribute to decrease the mixing of the bottom layers and increase the water retention in the hole increasing the output and the persistence of oxygen depleted zones in the excavated area. The results of the numerical simulations show that the risk of hypoxia at the bottom of the sand pits is associated with higher temperatures and wind speed lower than 5 m/s, which is not infrequent during the summer season. However, the number of consecutive days of oxygen depletion can be considered lower than the danger threshold level assumed in the literature.
Relationship between Spatio-Temporal Travel Patterns Derived from Smart-Card Data and Local Environmental Characteristics of Seoul, Korea
Authors: Kim Mi-Kyeong , Kim Sangpil , Sohn Hong-Gyoo
Published: March 2018

With the incorporation of an automated fare-collection system into the management of public transportation, not only can the quality of transportation services be improved but also that of the data collected from users when coupled with smart-card technology. The data collected from smart cards provide opportunities for researchers to analyze big data sets and draw meaningful information out of them. This study aims to identify the relationship between travel patterns derived from smart-card data and urban characteristics. Using seven-day transit smart-card data from the public-transportation system in Seoul, the capital city of the Republic of Korea, we investigated the temporal and spatial boarding and alighting patterns of the users. The major travel patterns, classified into five clusters, were identified by utilizing the K-Spectral Centroid clustering method. We found that the temporal pattern of urban mobility reflects daily activities in the urban area and that the spatial pattern of the five clusters classified by travel patterns was closely related to urban structure and urban function; that is, local environmental characteristics extracted from land-use and census data. This study confirmed that the travel patterns at the citywide level can be used to understand the dynamics of the urban population and the urban spatial structure. We believe that this study will provide valuable information about general patterns, which represent the possibility of finding travel patterns from individuals and urban spatial traits.
Assessment of Benefits of Conservation Agriculture on Soil Functions in Arable Production Systems in Europe
Authors: Ghaley Bhim , Rusu Teodor , Sandén Taru , Spiegel Heide , Menta Cristina , Visioli Giovanna , O’Sullivan Lilian , Gattin Isabelle , Delgado Antonio , Liebig Mark , Vrebos Dirk , Szegi Tamas , Michéli Erika , Cacovean Horia , Henriksen Christian
Published: March 2018

Conventional farming (CONV) is the norm in European farming, causing adverse effects on some of the five major soil functions, viz. primary productivity, carbon sequestration and regulation, nutrient cycling and provision, water regulation and purification, and habitat for functional and intrinsic biodiversity. Conservation agriculture (CA) is an alternative to enhance soil functions. However, there is no analysis of CA benefits on the five soil functions as most studies addressed individual soil functions. The objective was to compare effects of CA and CONV practices on the five soil functions in four major environmental zones (Atlantic North, Pannonian, Continental and Mediterranean North) in Europe by applying expert scoring based on synthesis of existing literature. In each environmental zone, a team of experts scored the five soil functions due to CA and CONV treatments and median scores indicated the overall effects on five soil functions. Across the environmental zones, CONV had overall negative effects on soil functions with a median score of 0.50 whereas CA had overall positive effects with median score ranging from 0.80 to 0.83. The study proposes the need for field-based investigations, policies and subsidy support to benefit from CA adoption to enhance the five soil functions.
The Effect of Co-Additives (Biochar and FGD Gypsum) on Ammonia Volatilization during the Composting of Livestock Waste
Authors: Febrisiantosa Andi , Ravindran Balasubramani , Choi Hong
Published: March 2018

The effectiveness of co-additives for improving livestock waste composting (reduction of air pollution and conservation of nutrients) was investigated. Biochar and Flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGD gypsum) were used to supplement the composting of a mixture of slaughter waste, swine slurry, and sawdust. Different compositions of additives (0% or 5% each, 10% biochar or FGD gypsum) were tested in triplicate on the laboratory scale. In addition, the effects of two different aeration schemes (continuous and intermittent) were also investigated. Ammonia volatilization, physicochemical characteristics, and compost maturity indices were investigated. The results indicated that the use of the co-additive (Biochar and FGD gypsum) during composting of livestock waste led to a reduction of ammonia volatilization by 26–59% and to a 6.7–7.9-fold increase of nitrate accumulation. The total ammonia volatilization of intermittent aeration treatment was lower than that of continuous aeration using co-additives treatment. It was concluded that co-additives (biochar and FGD gypsum) might be utilized in livestock waste composting to reduce ammonia volatilization and improve nutrient conservation.
Climate Change Adaptation Tools at the Community Level: An Integrated Literature Review
Authors: Nkoana Elvis , Verbruggen Aviel , Hugé Jean
Published: March 2018

The negative impacts of climate change are experienced at the global, regional and local levels. However, rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa face additional socio-political, cultural and economic challenges in addition to climate change. Decision support tools have been developed and applied to assist rural communities to cope with and adapt to climate change. However, poorly planned participatory processes and the lack of context-specific approaches in these tools are obstacles when aiming at strengthening the resilience of these rural communities. This paper uses an integrated literature review to identify best practices for involving rural communities in climate change adaptation efforts through the application of context-specific and culturally-sensitive climate change adaptation tools. These best practices include the use of a livelihoods approach to engage communities; the explicit acknowledgement of the local cultural do’s and don’ts; the recognition of local champions appointed from within the local community; the identification and prioritisation of vulnerable stakeholders; and the implementation of a two-way climate change risk communication instead of a one-sided information sharing approach.
New Zealand Winegrowers Attitudes and Behaviours towards Wine Tourism and Sustainable Winegrowing
Authors: Baird Tim , Hall C. , Castka Pavel
Published: March 2018

There are significant economic, environmental, social, and marketing issues that exist from the supply-side perspective in response to sustainability. This study examines New Zealand winegrowers in terms of their attitudes and behaviours towards wine tourism and sustainable wine production. A national survey was conducted at the end of 2015, which was the fourth such survey to be undertaken as part of a longitudinal study of wine tourism in New Zealand. This survey drew on issues of wine and biosecurity, climate change, and eco-labelling, as well as wine tourism. These issues were examined within the context of three key drivers of sustainability: the physical aspects of sustainable wine production, the internal drivers within wine businesses for the adoption of sustainable practices, and the external regulatory aspects that govern the adoption of sustainable wine production practices. The findings indicate that there were substantial concerns with the perceived value provided by both wine tourism and sustainable winegrowing practices. These concerns exist at both the firm level and with the governing bodies that are responsible for implementing sustainable winegrowing initiatives. Unless this perception of the value of sustainability within the New Zealand wine industry is altered in the future, it appears that there will continue to be an ongoing issue as to how sustainable winegrowing initiatives are implemented.
Circular Geodesics, Paczyński-Witta Potential and QNMs in the Eikonal Limit for Ayón-Beato-García Black Hole
Authors: Pradhan Parthapratim
Published: March 2018

We investigate the comprehensive geodesic structure of a spherically symmetric, static charged regular Ayón-Beato and García black hole (BH). We derive the equation of innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), marginally bound circular orbit (MBCO) and circular photon orbit (CPO) of said BH, which are most relevant to BH accretion disk theory. Using time-like geodesic properties, we derive Paczyński-Witta potential form for this BH which are very relevant to determine the general relativistic effects on the accretion disk. We show that at a certain radius (For example in case of Reissner-Nordstrøm (RN) BH, r ∗ = Q 2 M ), there exists zero angular momentum (ZAM) orbits due to the repulsive gravity. We also show that in the eikonal approximation, the real and imaginary parts of the quasi normal modes (QNM) of the regular BHs can be expressed as in terms of the frequency of the BH and the instability time scale of the unstable null circular geodesics. Moreover, we study the Bañados, Silk and West effect for this BH. We show that the center-of-mass (CM) energy of colliding neutral test particles near the infinite red-shift surface of the regular BHs have the finite energy. In the Appendix section, we have discussed the possibility of a regular ABG BH can act as particle accelerators when two charged test particles of different energies are colliding and approaching to the horizon of the BH provided that one of charged test particle has a critical value of charge.
Development and Testing of a Method for Validating Chemical Inactivation of Ebola Virus
Authors: Alfson Kendra , Griffiths Anthony
Published: March 2018

Complete inactivation of infectious Ebola virus (EBOV) is required before a sample may be removed from a Biosafety Level 4 laboratory. The United States Federal Select Agent Program regulations require that procedures used to demonstrate chemical inactivation must be validated in-house to confirm complete inactivation. The objective of this study was to develop a method for validating chemical inactivation of EBOV and then demonstrate the effectiveness of several commonly-used inactivation methods. Samples containing infectious EBOV (Zaire ebolavirus) in different matrices were treated, and the sample was diluted to limit the cytopathic effect of the inactivant. The presence of infectious virus was determined by assessing the cytopathic effect in Vero E6 cells. Crucially, this method did not result in a loss of infectivity in control samples, and we were able to detect less than five infectious units of EBOV (Zaire ebolavirus). We found that TRIzol LS reagent and RNA-Bee inactivated EBOV in serum; TRIzol LS reagent inactivated EBOV in clarified cell culture media; TRIzol reagent inactivated EBOV in tissue and infected Vero E6 cells; 10% neutral buffered formalin inactivated EBOV in tissue; and osmium tetroxide vapors inactivated EBOV on transmission electron microscopy grids. The methods described herein are easily performed and can be adapted to validate inactivation of viruses in various matrices and by various chemical methods.
Understanding the Changes in Hydraulic Conductivity Values of Coarse- and Fine-Grained Porous Media Mixtures
Authors: Alakayleh Zuhier , Clement T. , Fang Xing
Published: March 2018

Low permeability clay-sand mixtures are often used to construct hydraulic barriers to prevent contaminated water leaching from landfills and other waste disposal sites from polluting local groundwater aquifers. In order to engineer effective hydraulic barriers, a proper knowledge of the hydraulic conductivity of clay-sand mixtures is required. While there are several empirical models available in the literature that can be used to predict reductions in hydraulic conductivity values of coarse sand due to the presence of clay and other fine minerals, all these models require measurement of multiple physical properties of the porous media. The resulting empirical expressions have several parameters that need to be individually evaluated using multiple soil characterization tests. In this study, we propose a single parameter model that can be used to capture the variations in hydraulic conductivity value of different types of porous media mixtures using a scalable modeling framework. Several laboratory tests were conducted to measure the hydraulic conductivity values of a variety of coarse and fine glass bead mixtures. The coarse glass beads were used to simulate sand and small glass beads were used to simulate fine minerals such as silt and clay. The model results were further validated using the data derived from experiments conducted with natural sand and clay mixtures, and also using multiple literature-derived datasets. Our results show that the proposed model is a useful tool for describing the hydraulic conductivity values of various types of coarse- and fine-grained porous media mixtures.
The epidemiology of multimorbidity in primary care: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cassell Anna , Edwards Duncan , Harshfield Amelia , Rhodes Kirsty , Brimicombe James , Payne Rupert , Griffin Simon
Published: March 2018

Background

Multimorbidity places a substantial burden on patients and the healthcare system, but few contemporary epidemiological data are available.

Aim

To describe the epidemiology of multimorbidity in adults in England, and quantify associations between multimorbidity and health service utilisation.

Design and setting

Retrospective cohort study, undertaken in England.

Method

The study used a random sample of 403 985 adult patients (aged ≥18 years), who were registered with a general practice on 1 January 2012 and included in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more of 36 long-term conditions recorded in patients’ medical records, and associations between multimorbidity and health service utilisation (GP consultations, prescriptions, and hospitalisations) over 4 years were quantified.

Results

In total, 27.2% of the patients involved in the study had multimorbidity. The most prevalent conditions were hypertension (18.2%), depression or anxiety (10.3%), and chronic pain (10.1%). The prevalence of multimorbidity was higher in females than males (30.0% versus 24.4% respectively) and among those with lower socioeconomic status (30.0% in the quintile with the greatest levels of deprivation versus 25.8% in that with the lowest). Physical–mental comorbidity constituted a much greater proportion of overall morbidity in both younger patients (18–44 years) and those patients with a lower socioeconomic status. Multimorbidity was strongly associated with health service utilisation. Patients with multimorbidity accounted for 52.9% of GP consultations, 78.7% of prescriptions, and 56.1% of hospital admissions.

Conclusion

Multimorbidity is common, socially patterned, and associated with increased health service utilisation. These findings support the need to improve the quality and efficiency of health services providing care to patients with multimorbidity at both practice and national level.
An air-stable bisboron complex: a practical bidentate Lewis acid catalyst
Authors: Hong Longcheng , Ahles Sebastian , Heindl Andreas H , Tiétcha Gastelle , Petrov Andrey , Lu Zhenpin , Logemann Christian , Wegner Hermann A
Published: March 2018

We report an air-stable bisboron complex as an efficient catalyst for the inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) reaction of 1,2-diazine as well as 1,2,4,5-tetrazine. Its stability towards air and moisture was demonstrated by NMR studies enabling its application in organic transformations without glovebox. A one-pot procedure for its synthesis was developed starting from 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene greatly enhancing its practicality. Comparative reactions were carried out to evaluate its catalytic activity in IEDDA reactions of diazine including phthalazine as well as 1,2,4,5-tetrazine.
A real-time control approach based on intelligent video surveillance for violations by construction workers
Authors: GUO Shengyu , XIONG Chaohua , GONG Peisong
Published: March 2018

The unsafe behavior of workers is the main object of construction safety management, in which violations require increased attention due to their pernicious consequences. However, existing studies have merely discussed violations separately from unsafe behaviors. To respond quickly to workers’ violations on site, this study proposes a real-time control approach based on intelligent video surveillance. First, scenes reflecting unsafe behaviors are automatically acquired through camera-based behavior analysis technology. Meanwhile, the time corresponding to the construction phase is recorded. Second, the temporal association rule model of worker’s unsafe behavior is constructed, and the rule “construction phase→unsafe behavior” is determined by the Apriori algorithm to identify target behaviors necessary for critical control in different construction phases. Finally, statistical process control is used to find the trends of violations with frequency and mass characteristics through the dynamic monitoring of target behavior. In addition, real-time alerts of these unsafe acts are produced simultaneously. A pilot study is conducted on the cross-river tunnel project in Wuhan city, Hubei, China, and the violations related to construction machineries is proven to be controllable. Thus, the proposed approach promotes behavioral safety management on construction since it effectively controls workers’ violations by real-time monitoring and analysis.
Choice of abandoned territories conversion scenario according to MCDA methods
Authors: BIELINSKAS Vytautas , BURINSKIENĖ Marija , PODVIEZKO Askoldas
Published: March 2018

Urban brownfields are found in all parts of the world. They suffer from a negative image and are generally being viewed as problem areas. However, urban brownfields also offer potentials for new uses and for the ecological regeneration of cities. Strategic decision-making has a long term impact on the quality of life, ecological balance and urban structure. Therefore, the paper is aimed at providing a methodology for selecting the optimal scenario for urban brownfields regarding criteria for urban development and focuses on three possible scenarios representing sustainable urban development in the city. The results of the research are provided as a priority list for each scenario in the context of every neighbourhood of Vilnius city. The obtained results show the scenario optimal for each neighbourhood having the highest priority to implementing solutions in real life. Economic, social, physical (urbanistic) and environmental criteria are considered. Geographic information system (GIS) tools are employed for collecting spatial information, obtaining the initial set of criteria and deriving statistical data. Different MCDA methods, including TOPSIS, EDAS, COPRAS and SAW are used in the research. The correlation between the values of the sets pairs of cumulative criteria for the applied MCDA methods appeared to be satisfactory for the conducted re-search. The developed framework will support the decision-making process in brownfield land redevelopment aiding sustainable urban planning.
Historical and Contemporary Trends in the Size, Drift, and Color of Jupiter's Great Red Spot
Authors: Simon Amy A. , Tabataba-Vakili Fachreddin , Cosentino Richard , Beebe Reta F. , Wong Michael H. , Orton Glenn S.
Published: March 2018

Observations of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot (GRS) span more than 150 years. This allows for careful measurements of its size and drift rate. High spatial resolution spacecraft data also allow tracking of its spectral characteristics and internal dynamics and structure. The GRS continues to shrink in longitudinal length at an approximately linear rate of 0.°194 yr−1 and in latitudinal width at 0.°048 yr−1. Its westward drift rate (relative to System III W. longitude) has increased from ∼0.°26/day in the 1980s to ∼0.°36/day currently. Since 2014, the GRS’s short wavelength (<650 nm) reflectance has continued to decrease, while it has become brighter at 890 nm, indicating a change in clouds/haze at high altitudes. In addition, its north–south color asymmetry has decreased, and the dark core has become smaller. Internal velocities have increased on its east and west edges, and decreased on the north and south, resulting in decreased relative vorticity and circulation. The GRS’s color changes from 2014 to 2017 may be explained by changes in stretching vorticity or divergence acting to balance the decrease in relative vorticity.
Inner Structure of CME Shock Fronts Revealed by the Electromotive Force and Turbulent Transport Coefficients in Helios-2 Observations
Authors: Bourdin Philippe-A. , Hofer Bernhard , Narita Yasuhito
Published: March 2018

Electromotive force is an essential quantity in dynamo theory. During a coronal mass ejection (CME), magnetic helicity gets decoupled from the Sun and advected into the heliosphere with the solar wind. Eventually, a heliospheric magnetic transient event might pass by a spacecraft, such as the Helios space observatories. Our aim is to investigate the electromotive force, the kinetic helicity effect (α term), the turbulent diffusion (β term), and the cross-helicity effect (γ term) in the inner heliosphere below 1 au. We set up a one-dimensional model of the solar wind velocity and magnetic field for a hypothetic interplanetary CME. Because turbulent structures within the solar wind evolve much slower than this structure needs to pass by the spacecraft, we use a reduced curl operator to compute the current density and vorticity. We test our CME shock-front model against an observed magnetic transient that passes by the Helios-2 spacecraft. At the peak of the fluctuations in this event we find strongly enhanced α, β, and γ terms, as well as a strong peak in the total electromotive force. Our method allows us to automatically identify magnetic transient events from any in situ spacecraft observations that contain magnetic field and plasma velocity data of the solar wind.
A New Tool for CME Arrival Time Prediction using Machine Learning Algorithms: CAT-PUMA
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Ye Yudong , Shen Chenglong , Wang Yuming , Erdélyi Robert
Published: March 2018

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are arguably the most violent eruptions in the solar system. CMEs can cause severe disturbances in interplanetary space and can even affect human activities in many aspects, causing damage to infrastructure and loss of revenue. Fast and accurate prediction of CME arrival time is vital to minimize the disruption that CMEs may cause when interacting with geospace. In this paper, we propose a new approach for partial-/full halo CME Arrival Time Prediction Using Machine learning Algorithms (CAT-PUMA). Via detailed analysis of the CME features and solar-wind parameters, we build a prediction engine taking advantage of 182 previously observed geo-effective partial-/full halo CMEs and using algorithms of the Support Vector Machine. We demonstrate that CAT-PUMA is accurate and fast. In particular, predictions made after applying CAT-PUMA to a test set unknown to the engine show a mean absolute prediction error of ∼5.9 hr within the CME arrival time, with 54% of the predictions having absolute errors less than 5.9 hr. Comparisons with other models reveal that CAT-PUMA has a more accurate prediction for 77% of the events investigated that can be carried out very quickly, i.e., within minutes of providing the necessary input parameters of a CME. A practical guide containing the CAT-PUMA engine and the source code of two examples are available in the Appendix, allowing the community to perform their own applications for prediction using CAT-PUMA.
PISCO: The PMAS/PPak Integral-field Supernova Hosts Compilation
Authors: Galbany L. , Anderson J. P. , Sánchez S. F. , Kuncarayakti H. , Pedraz S. , González-Gaitán S. , Stanishev V. , Domínguez I. , Moreno-Raya M. E. , Wood-Vasey W. M. , Mourão A. M. , Ponder K. A. , Badenes C. , Mollá M. , López-Sánchez A. R. , Rosales-Ortega F. F. , Vílchez J. M. , García-Benito R. , Marino R. A.
Published: March 2018

We present the PMAS/PPak Integral-field Supernova hosts COmpilation (PISCO), which comprises integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of 232 supernova (SN) host galaxies that hosted 272 SNe, observed over several semesters with the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory (CAHA). PISCO is the largest collection of SN host galaxies observed with wide-field IFS, totaling 466,347 individual spectra covering a typical spatial resolution of ∼380 pc. Focused studies regarding specific SN Ia-related topics will be published elsewhere; this paper aims to present the properties of the SN environments, using stellar population (SP) synthesis, and the gas-phase interstellar medium, providing additional results separating stripped-envelope SNe into their subtypes. With 11,270 H ii regions detected in all galaxies, we present for the first time a statistical analysis of H ii regions, which puts H ii regions that have hosted SNe in context with all other star-forming clumps within their galaxies. SNe Ic are associated with environments that are more metal-rich and have higher EW(Hα) and higher star formation rate within their host galaxies than the mean of all H ii regions detected within each host. This in contrast to SNe IIb, which occur in environments that are very different compared to other core-collapse SNe types. We find two clear components of young and old SPs at SNe IIn locations. We find that SNe II fast decliners tend to explode at locations where the ΣSFR is more intense. Finally, we outline how a future dedicated IFS survey of galaxies in parallel to an untargeted SN search would overcome the biases in current environmental studies.
Metallicity Distribution of Disk Stars and the Formation History of the Milky Way
Authors: Toyouchi Daisuke , Chiba Masashi
Published: March 2018

We investigate the formation history of the stellar disk component in the Milky Way (MW) based on our new chemical evolution model. Our model considers several fundamental baryonic processes, including gas infall, reaccretion of outflowing gas, and radial migration of disk stars. Each of these baryonic processes in the disk evolution is characterized by model parameters that are determined by fitting to various observational data of the stellar disk in the MW, including the radial dependence of the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of the disk stars, which has recently been derived in the APOGEE survey. We succeeded to obtain the best set of model parameters that well reproduces the observed radial dependences of the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the MDFs for the disk stars. We analyze the basic properties of our model results in detail to gain new insights into the important baryonic processes in the formation history of the MW. One of the remarkable findings is that outflowing gas, containing many heavy elements, preferentially reaccretes onto the outer disk parts, and this recycling process of metal-enriched gas is a key ingredient for reproducing the observed narrower MDFs at larger radii. Moreover, important implications for the radial dependence of gas infall and the influence of radial migration on the MDFs are also inferred from our model calculation. Thus, the MDF of disk stars is a useful clue for studying the formation history of the MW.
Intentional Overdose of Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine (Triumeq) in a 26-Year-Old Man
Authors: van Dam Paul MEL , van Geffen Mark WL , Havenith Thomas RA , Posthouwer Dirk
Published: March 2018

Triumeq is a single-tablet regimen for patients with HIV infection comprising dolutegravir, abacavir and lamivudine. Overdoses with Triumeq have not been reported previously. We present a case of a 26-year-old man who presented to our hospital after intentionally ingesting 30 tablets of Triumeq. An intoxication with Triumeq can lead to several side effects. An overdose of abacavir and lamivudine can cause mitochondrial toxicity and lactic acidosis. An intoxication with dolutegravir appears to be relatively harmless. As Triumeq will be used on a regular basis as treatment for patients with HIV-1 infection, these intoxications are expected to be encountered more often.
Genomic in situ hybridization in interspecific hybrids of scallops (Bivalvia, Pectinidae) and localization of the satellite DNA Cf303, and the vertebrate telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)n on chromosomes of scallop Chlamys farreri (Jones & Preston, 1904)
Authors: Hu Liping , Jiang Liming , Bi Ke , Liao Huan , Yang Zujing , Huang Xiaoting , Bao Zhenming
Published: March 2018

Mitotic chromosome preparations of the interspecific hybrids Chlamysfarreri (Jones & Preston, 1904) × Patinopectenyessoensis (Jay, 1857), C.farreri × Argopectenirradinas (Lamarck, 1819) and C.farreri × Mimachlamysnobilis (Reeve, 1852) were used to compare two different scallop genomes in a single slide. Although genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using genomic DNA from each scallop species as probe painted mitotic chromosomes of the interspecific hybrids, the painting results were not uniform; instead it showed species-specific distribution patterns of fluorescent signals among the chromosomes. The most prominent GISH-bands were mainly located at centromeric or telomeric regions of scallop chromosomes. In order to illustrate the sequence constitution of the GISH-bands, the satellite Cf303 sequences of C.farreri and the vertebrate telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequences were used to map mitotic chromosomes of C.farreri by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results indicated that the GISH-banding pattern presented by the chromosomes of C.farreri is mainly due to the distribution of the satellite Cf303 DNA, therefore suggesting that the GISH-banding patterns found in the other three scallops could also be the result of the chromosomal distribution of other species-specific satellite DNAs.
Multidirectional chromosome painting in Synallaxis frontalis (Passeriformes, Furnariidae) reveals high chromosomal reorganization, involving fissions and inversions
Authors: Kretschmer Rafael , de Lima Vanusa Lilian Camargo , de Souza Marcelo Santos , Costa Alice Lemos , O’Brien Patricia C. M. , Ferguson-Smith Malcolm A. , de Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa , Gunski Ricardo José , Garnero Analía Del Valle
Published: March 2018

In this work we performed comparative chromosome painting using probes fromGallusgallus(GGA) Linnaeus, 1758 andLeucopternisalbicollis(LAL) Latham, 1790 inSynallaxisfrontalisPelzeln, 1859 (Passeriformes, Furnariidae), an exclusively Neotropical species, in order to analyze whether the complex pattern of intrachromosomal rearrangements (paracentric and pericentric inversions) proposed for Oscines and Suboscines is shared with more basal species.S.frontalishas 82 chromosomes, similar to most Avian species, with a large number of microchromosomes and a few pairs of macrochromosomes. We found polymorphisms in pairs 1 and 3, where homologues were submetacentric and acrocentric. Hybridization of GGA probes showed syntenies in the majority of ancestral macrochromosomes, except for GGA1 and GGA2, which hybridized to more than one pair of chromosomes each. LAL probes confirmed the occurrence of intrachromosomal rearrangements in the chromosomes corresponding to GGA1q, as previously proposed for species from the order Passeriformes. In addition, LAL probes suggest that pericentric inversions or centromere repositioning were responsible for variations in the morphology of the heteromorphic pairs 1 and 3. Altogether, the analysis of our data on chromosome painting and the data published in other Passeriformes highlights chromosomal changes that have occurred during the evolution of Passeriformes.
Planning priority conservation areas under climate change for six plant species with extremely small populations in China
Authors: Qu Hong , Wang Chun-Jing , Zhang Zhi-Xiang
Published: March 2018

The concept of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP) has been employed to guide conservation of threatened plant species in China. Climate change has a high potential to threaten PSESP. As a result, it is necessary to integrate climate change effects on PSESP into conservation planning in China. Here, ecological niche modelling is used to project current and future habitat distributions of six PSESP in China under climate change scenarios and conservation planning software is applied to identify priority conservation areas (PCAs) for these PSESP based on habitat distributions. These results were used to provide proposals for in-situ and ex-situ conservation measures directed at PSESP. It was found that annual precipitation was important for habitat distributions for all six PSESP (with the percentage contribution to habitat distributions ranging from 18.1 % to 74.9 %) and non-climatic variables including soil and altitude have a large effect on habitat suitability of PSESP. Large quantities of PCAs occurred within some provincial regions for these six PSESP (e.g. Sichuan and Jilin for the PSESP Cathaya argyrophylla, Taxus cuspidata, Annamocarya sinensis and Madhuca pasquieri), indicating that these are likely to be appropriate areas for in-situ and ex-situ conservation measures directed at these PSESP. Those nature reserves with large quantities of PCAs were identified as promising sites for in-situ conservation measures of PSESP; such reserves include Yangzie and Dongdongtinghu for C. argyrophylla, Songhuajiangsanhu and Changbaishan for T. cuspidata and Shiwandashanshuiyuanlian for Tsoongiodendron odorum. These results suggest that existing seed banks and botanical gardens occurring within identified PCAs should allocate more resources and space to ex-situ conservation of PSESP. In addition, there should be additional botanical gardens established for ex-situ conservation of PSESP in PCAs outside existing nature reserves. To address the risk of negative effects of climate change on PSESP, it is necessary to integrate in-situ and ex-situ conservation as well as climate change monitoring in PSESP conservation planning.
Pratiques du thérapeute de l’Approche centrée sur la personne et du facilitateur stratégique de la gestion du vivant: une comparaison enrichissante entre développement personnel et développement durable
Authors: Levinson Elise
Published: March 2018

Les attitudes et valeurs du thérapeute de l’Approche centrée sur la personne ne se retrouvent pas uniquement au cœur de démarches thérapeutiques. Elles sont aussi mobilisées dans la résolution de problèmes, et/ou la réalisation de projets multi-acteurs liés aux enjeux du « développement durable ». Dans ce cas, l’accompagnement est assuré par un acteur appelé « facilitateur stratégique de la gestion du vivant ». Dans une position d’acteur « tiers » qui considère les acteurs des territoires et des filières (agriculteurs, transformateurs, élus et agents de collectivités et de l’État, entrepreneurs, associatifs, chercheurs, etc.) comme détenant eux-mêmes les ressources de l’analyse de ce qui fait problème et de ce qui pourrait faire solution, le facilitateur stratégique mobilise des compétences clés de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. En faisant preuve de considération positive inconditionnelle et de congruence, dans une écoute empathique et non-jugeante, il accompagne ces acteurs à se rencontrer et à co-construire, dans la diversité de leurs visions et de leurs objectifs, des réponses communes aux problématiques complexes auxquelles ils sont confrontés, et qu’ils ne peuvent résoudre seuls. L’Approche centrée sur la personne permet de poser des mots sur ces compétences essentielles.
Directives à l’intention des étudiants en groupes de pairs centrés sur la personne
Authors: Brodley Barbara Temaner , Merry Tony , Ducroux-Biass Françoise
Published: March 2018

Les groupes de pairs ont pour objectif de familiariser les participants avec la pratique de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. Tous les participants sont impliqués dans la création d’un climat psychologique interpersonnel optimal à l’intérieur du groupe, caractérisé par la liberté d’expression de chacun dans le respect de celle des autres. Quel que soit le soin pris par les participants, des blessures sont cependant inévitables. Toutefois, des processus correctifs peuvent combler la divergence entre sécurité absolue et situation imparfaite. C’est ainsi que le concept de courtoisie peut aider les participants à maintenir des attitudes de respect et de confiance. Bien qu’elles ne recouvrent pas toutes les situations de groupe, les directives pour la représentation de soi et la poursuite de buts personnels ainsi que les directives relatives à l’aide dans le groupe offrent un balayage de situations possibles. En formulant ces directives, qui ne sont pas des règles, Barbara Brodley et Tony Merry ont pour but de présenter des exemples de comportement en vue de la création d’une certaine liberté dans le fonctionnement des groupes.
Histoire et enjeux de la science-fiction sinophone
Authors: Gaffric Gwennaël
Published: March 2018

Cet article introductif introduit brièvement l’histoire mouvementée de la science-fiction dans le monde sinophone (Chine, Hong Kong et Taïwan) en insistant sur sa dimension transculturelle et sur le rôle joué par la traduction. Je reviens aussi sur le renouveau de la science-fiction chinoise dans la Chine d’aujourd’hui et la valeur en termes de soft power que lui accorde l’état chinois aujourd’hui. J’évoque aussi les nouveaux espaces de création et de lecture pour la science-fiction en Chine et je termine en soulignant la pertinence des contributions de ce numéro tant pour comprendre l’histoire des sociétés dans lesquelles ces œuvres ont vu le jour que pour une étude globale de la science-fiction.
Discourses of Science-Fictional Futuribility in Late Qing Fiction
Authors: Andolfatto Lorenzo
Published: March 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de souligner, en se référant aux mots de Georg Lukács, le « rapport intime » entre la catégorie littéraire de la science-fiction et le contexte historique de la fin-de-siècle chinois. En appuyant sur la notion de «  novum  » de Suvin comme trope permettant de définir le roman de la science-fiction, ainsi que sur sa reformulation par Csicsery-Ronay Jr. comme un «  signum novi  » qui offre des discours de futurabilité j’essaie de revenir sur l’émergence du genre kexue xiaoshuo 科學 小說 à la fin des Qing en tant que novum en soi, c’est-à-dire une nouvelle forme d’écriture dont l’appel révolutionnaire était fondé sur sa capacité à engendrer des discours de futurabilité fonctionnels pour l’émancipation de la Chine semi-coloniale du joug impérial occidental. Cet argument repose sur la lecture du roman scientifique Le Nouvel âge ( Xin jiyuan 新紀元) de Bihe Guan Zhuren 碧荷管主人 (1908), dont la genèse textuelle et la construction narrative en font l’un des premiers exemples de l’écriture de la science-fiction en chinois.
An Ideal Chinese Society? Future China From the Perspective of Female Science Fiction Writer Hao Jingfang
Authors: Schneider-Vielsäcker Frederike
Published: March 2018

Cette contribution propose un examen de la critique sociale et politique à l’œuvre dans la littérature féminine contemporaine chinoise de science-fiction. Je défends l’idée que ces écrits posent un défi aux visions du futur de la société chinoise, de même qu’ils offrent des pistes de suggestion pour une société plus juste. À travers l’analyse détaillée de la novelette « Pékin plié » (2014) et de la nouvelle « Planètes invisibles » (2010) de Hao Jingfang, cet article examine les divergences entre l’image officielle d’une « société harmonieuse » et du « rêve chinois » et les perceptions de l’auteur.
La Science-Fiction en Chine : une évidence politique ?
Authors: Heurtebise Jean-Yves
Published: March 2018

L’émergence dans la Chine moderne (fin du XIX e et début du XX e siècle) puis le renouvellement dans la Chine contemporaine (fin du XX e siècle et début du XXI e siècle) de la littérature de science-fiction de langue chinoise en Chine continentale pourrait sembler plus encore qu’un fait littéraire remarquable, une évidence politique singulière. Notre but sera de montrer l’existence d’une analogie structurelle entre, d’un côté, la pratique oraculaire du politique en Chine et, de l’autre, l’exercice littéraire d’anticipation du futur. Le discours de pouvoir suppose une forme de performativité rituelle où l’avenir, comme puissance indéterminée de changement, devient l’objet à sacrifier. D’où l’évidence politique du roman de science-fiction qui peut mettre en scène le rêve d’une renaissance chinoise au sein d’un récit où le futur est déjà deviné et déterminé ; d’où aussi la nécessité pour le régime d’en contrôler la production ; d’où enfin la difficulté pour les écrivains d’échapper à cet horizon d’attente « nationaliste » et leur mérite singulier quand ils y parviennent.