bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EEG-based stress recognition in competency assessment using maritime navigation simulator
Authors: Singh Virdi Satinder , Liu Yisi , Zhang Daniel
Published: June 2022

Human factors receive increasing attention in maritime operations as it is found that human errors cause up to 90% of maritime incidents. One of the solutions to enhance safety in maritime navigation is to consider both technical and non-technical skills during training and assessment. Technical skills are always the first and foremost step in training or assessment. However, it may not be enough to solely conduct the navigation safely and efficiently by technical skills. Non-technical skills such as situational awareness, workload and stress management, and decision making also play a critical role in safe navigation and should not be overlooked. In addition, the seafarers spend a long time on board as part of their typical work pattern, and due to the current pandemic, they might be stranded at sea for even longer. It has been urged that ship owners and managers take the right actions to care for seafarers' mental well-being, such as stress and fatigue. To fulfil the needs of non-technical skill assessment and monitoring of mental well-being, electroencephalogram (EEG) is utilized to recognize the seafarers' mental stress when performing specific tasks in a full-mission Advanced Navigation Research Simulator (ANRS). The EEG-based recognition has unique advantages over the other biosensors. For example, it has high temporal resolution and reflects the mental states that are not identifiable from facial expressions with acceptable accuracy. A simulator allows the researchers to design and implement navigation scenarios with different weather conditions, traffic density, vessel types, emergency alarms, etc. This is ideal for conducting experiments for human factors study. An experiment has been designed and conducted in ANRS to validate the use of EEG for maritime navigational competency assessment. Participants with varied maritime backgrounds and roles were invited for data collection, e.g., navigating officers and experienced marine Pilots. Demanding events such as engine failure, close quarter situation, and other bridge equipment failure were marked during the EEG data recording. The results show that the EEG based stress recognition correlates with the demanding events in the experiment and can reflect the difficulty level of the challenging circumstances. The proposed EEG-based recognition can be used to study the human element in competency assessment using a maritime navigation simulator to ensure objective competency assessment.
Digitalization Transformation and its Challenges in Shipping Operation: The case of seafarer’s cognitive human factor
Authors: Reza Emad Gholam , Shahbakhsh Mehrangiz
Published: June 2022

Industry 4.0, as the most disruptive industrial revolution, is reshaping the industries by coupling the cyber to the physical systems. The current digitalization has its root in digitization introduced by Industry 3.0, where it made a foundation for gradual industrial migration to Industry 4.0. Respectively, Shipping 3.0 introduced automation and computerized systems onboard ships and paved the way for entering Shipping 4.0. In turn, the ultimate goal of Shipping 4.0 is full autonomy through the implementation of autonomous shipping. The introduction of autonomous shipping not only modifies the maritime workplaces but also changes the jobs’ definitions and the role of seafarers as the human element in the system. However, the journey to Shipping 4.0 will take the shipping industry to different steps before ships become fully autonomous. International Maritime Organization (IMO) defined these steps in four degrees from traditional to smart shipping. This implies that, at the same time, seafarers’ role and the required skills and competencies to gradually evolve with the ship's transition to the next degree. The review of literature about Industry 4.0 shows that so far, the focus of researchers and the industry is mainly on the innovation in technology and its implementation on ships. However, the role of the human and the cognitive human factor in the process is yet to be investigated. This paper aims to explore the effects of adaptation of digitalization in the shipping industry with a focus on the human element and cognitive human factor. The paper illustrates how the innovation and technological development of Industry 4.0 is changing the shipping industry and evolving human operators’ roles, responsibilities, and training needs.
Remote Monitoring of Autonomous Ships: Quickly Getting into the Loop Display (QGILD)
Authors: Porathe Thomas
Published: June 2022

Operators in Remote Operation Centers (ROC) of future Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are to be faced with the challenge of quickly getting into the loop when ships they monitor, after long periods of perfectly working automation, suddenly needs remote assistance. The question of Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) or Human-Out-Of-The-Loop (HOOTL) will become crustal in future development of automation towards autonomy in unmanned ships. The goal of this study is to build Automation Transparency into the human-machine interface of remote operation centers. This work-in-process paper presents some early concepts on a Quickly Getting Into the Loop Display designed to do just that.
Implementing operational envelopes for improved resilience of autonomous maritime transport
Authors: Fjørtoft Kay , Holte Even
Published: June 2022

A promising potential commonly associated with autonomous ferries is the realisation of low- or unmanned passenger transport. With the ability to provide flexible around the clock services, it can provide new and better mobility solutions for coastal cities around the world, and for cities located along rivers and inland waterways. However, operating an autonomous passenger ferry require that safety functions, today being handled by trained onboard safety crew, are maintained and approved according to current rules and regulations. Since few concrete suggestions so far have been published on how to solve this issue, new safety solutions must be developed, including new technology, processes and operational concepts. This lack of studies and work for developing automated and autonomous safety solutions stands in contrast to – up until now – the strong industry focus on developing systems and solutions enabling safe navigation. As a response, this paper suggests the implementation of operational envelopes for improved safety and resilience of autonomous shipping and ferry operations. Acknowledgements: The authors would like to acknowledge the two Norwegian Research Council projects MARMAN (324726 - FORSKER21) and AutoSafe (302005845).
The contribution of ship bridge design to maritime accidents
Authors: Danielsen Brit-Eli
Published: June 2022

Shipping is an industry where accidents have potential catastrophic effect on humans, the environment or material assets. The design of bridge equipment and the bridge layout has a significant impact on the human-technology interaction on a ship’s bridge, hence design is important for safety of navigation. This paper presents a review of 28 accident investigation reports from the last decade where design of ship bridge equipment or bridge layout has been identified as contributing factors. Six categories of design issues were identified: 1) Bridge layout; 2) Not using available electronic equipment; 3) Unexpected use of electronic equipment; 4) Mode confusion; 5) Lack of information about system status; 6) Trust in electronic equipment. The underlying common theme for all six categories is that those who design, purchase and install ship bridge equipment does not have a sufficient understanding of the navigator’s work tasks and work context, i.e., the end-user needs. The investigation boards’ safety recommendations and the shipowners’ responses mainly concerned revising the safety management system, revising or introducing procedures and checklists, as well as crew training. These responses put the responsibility for an improved human-technology interaction on the human operator. The few recommendations and shipowner actions that concerned improving design of technology were local fixes that may prevent the exact same accident reoccurring, but do not contribute to learning on organizational or system level. For the maritime industry to learn from accidents and improve future bridge design, it is important that design issues are not only identified by the investigators, but they should also be described and investigated in more detail. Applying a systems approach to accident investigations may contribute to investigate beyond the cause ‘human error’ and provide lessons learned that can be fed back in a useful way to the relevant stakeholders, like regulators, designers, purchasers and installers. The study concludes that the increasing instrumentation and digitalization of ship bridges during the last decades has not been accompanied with usability concerns at the same pace and the operational consequences of new ship bridge design are still being shouldered by the navigators.
Exploring organizational safety vulnerabilities on naval ships – a comparative quantitative analysis
Authors: Kongsvik Trond , Lein Aalberg Asbjørn
Published: June 2022

There are several recent examples of major accidents involving naval ships. The starting point for this article is the collision between the frigate ‘Helge Ingstad’ and the oil tanker ‘Sola TS’. An investigation highlighted systemic weaknesses in the Norwegian navy related to safety competence safety management, and handling of goal conflicts. By means of a cross-sectional survey involving crews on Norwegian vessels (N = 9,344), we explored if naval ships differed from other ships on such aspects. The results indicated that crew members on naval ships had less experience and less confidence in their colleagues’ competence to work safety. There were few differences related to considerations of safety management and safety practices. There are approaches available that could supplement accident investigations in systemic analyses of complex sociotechnical systems.
Operator function model to analyze ship accidents related to navigation aids
Authors: Hong Seung-Kweon
Published: June 2022

A marine Aids of Navigation (AtoN) is a man-made object in waterways used by mariners to determine their ship's location or a safe route. They act like traffic signs on roads used to reduce the risk of traffic accidents. However, traffic signs can't do their job if you can't recognize them, don't understand their meaning, or violate them. In this study, ship accidents caused by the malfunction of navigation aids were investigated. First, maritime officers’ work in the ship bridge work was analyzed using the Operator Function Model (OFM), and among all the functions derived from the analysis, only the functions related to aids to navigation were selected. Using the selected functions as a classification system for ship accidents, recent ship accidents in the Korean coast were analyzed. The ship accident analysis was conducted using written verdicts of the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Cases of ship accidents were confirmed in most of the selected functions. The results of this study can be used for safety education of maritime officers and the deployment, maintenance, and design of AtoN.
Concept for the Selection and Positioning of Sensor Technology in the Development of Advanced Systems
Authors: Roehm Benjamin
Published: June 2022

This paper contains criteria for evaluating suitable measurement principles of sensors on existing products. The paper's core is a concept with evaluation criteria for sensor selection and the prototypical implementation of a graphical user interface to select a suitable sensor technology. Furthermore, interfering influences on the measurement, energy supply of sensors, data transmission and communication are dealt with to design the concept. The evaluation criteria guide the user through the sensor selection process and recommend suitable sensor measurement principles.
Development of A Smart Database for Construction Inventory Management Using Deep Learning to Eliminate Supply Chain Bottlenecks Post COVID-19
Authors: Ray Unmesa , Banawi Abdulaziz
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has sent shockwaves down the supply chains of industries. The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry is used to cyclical downturns, but the speed and strength with which COVID-19 has struck are unprecedented. Projects are being delayed or canceled. Supply chains are under threat. National and International policies are being revamped to deal with the transformed landscape. In 2019, the USA receives more than 530 thousand metric tons of steel from Russia, Germany, Italy, Canada, Mexico, and other such countries. The US building industry is dependent largely on other countries for the supply of raw materials, which make the construction industry at risk due to trade restrictions that have ensued in the post COVID world. One way to deal with such a changing environment is to diversify the dependence portfolio in supply chains to reduce shocks. The other alternative is to look to build an inventory based on predictive analytics. This research aims to implement the two reactionary measures of portfolio diversification and inventory infrastructure development by leveraging predictive analytics and big data. The project will be mainly divided into three phases – PHASE 1 will be mainly focused on the gathering of the relevant manufacturer and supplier data of construction materials both within and external to geographical borders of the USA. PHASE 2 will focus on the selection and integration of algorithms with the live database that has been created in phase 1. PHASE 3 will be devoted to the creation of custom-made user interfaces for the project owners. This phase will also focus on the automation of live reports, notifications,s, etc. to be sent to project owners. The deep learning algorithms would need continuous feedback and improvement to increase their credibility and reliance on a continuous basis. Thus, it will help to reduce the risks generated through uncertainties by developing a resilient smart responsive database that will provide stockholders accurate data and predictions in response to the market and industry behavior.
Integrating Human Survival Factor in Optimizing the Routing of Flying Ad-hoc Networks in Search and Rescue Tasks
Authors: Mostafa Salama , Azhar Ramli Azizul , Ahmed Jubair Mohammed , Shamini Gunasekaran Saraswathy , Mustapha Aida , Hamid Hassan Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANET)'s model operates according to routing protocols along with basic technical routing parameters. One of the FANET's significant challenges is ensuring the resilience of the UAVs' performance by adjusting the operational plan and network routing based on the constraints of operation goals and the limitations of resources. Subsequently, this paper proposes an agent-based Adaptive Zone Routing Protocol (AZRP) that enables the FANET to perform disaster relief missions efficiently. The AZRP operates in economic mode, search mode, or rescue mode according to the operational plan conditions, limitations of resources, and human survival factor. The AZRP is compared with the standard ZRP and AODV to determine the most suitable routing protocol in performing disaster relief missions. The search and rescue simulation is implemented by using the NS2 simulator. The testing and evaluation criteria consider Throughput (TH), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Packet Loss Ratios (PLR), and End-to-End Delay (E2E Delay). The obtained results indicate that the FANET model is able to perform in the three modes effectively and optimizes the search and rescue operations according to the given disaster relief simulation context and constraints. The AZRP outperforms the other two protocols and is able to achieve higher TH, higher PDR, lower PLR, and lower E2E delay.
Human Factors and Strategic Decision Making: The Case of Humanitarian Logistics
Authors: Barbeito Gonzalo , Alonso Marina , Budde Dieter , Thiebes Benni , Pickl Stefan
Published: June 2022

The present paper discusses key aspects of managerial human factors in research, specifically when implementing decision support systems in the context of Humanitarian Logistics. It is framed as a follow-up of an Operations Research-based project developing a decision support framework for relief distribution in the event of a catastrophic blackout. Specifically, the main lessons learned from this project are explored to understand the role that experts and decision makers play when conducting research in the fast-growing area of Humanitarian Logistics.
Evaluating MANET Technology in Optimizing IoT-based Multiple WBSN Model in Soccer Players Health Study
Authors: Faisal Abdulsattar Nejood , Hamid Hassan Mustafa , Mostafa Salama , Shakir Mansour Hassnen , Alduais Nayef , Mustapha Aida , Ahmed Jubair Mohammed
Published: June 2022

As a merit for the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, congregating MANET with WSN application in omnipresent smart environments presents novel opportunities in observing the extensive or wide-ranging built-up area or urban region and provides a new communication system for diverse applications. Sensors are utilized to comprehend the surrounding environment by sensing the signals and sending the data via the gateway node to the MANET node, specifically designed for data gathering or harvesting. IoT applications in this work are regarded as devices worn by soccer players whose monitoring is done using wireless sensor nodes. The challenge in this work is identifying paths or routes of high-level or top-ranking Quality of Service (QoS), such as topology. The implementation of a QoS-aware protocol in MANETs is aimed at enabling the finding of more effective paths between the source and destination nodes of the network and has made QoS a necessity. This paper proposed a model that can select an optimum path based on the efficient QoS parameters in routing protocol for the MANET environment. A model is built based on Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Multi-Agent system (MAS). An example scenario is written to show the impact of the proposed model on the MANET environment.
Influencer attributes and characterizations on Tourists' intention to revisit destination in social media influencer marketing
Authors: Kenta Ichii , Masuda Hisashi
Published: June 2022

Social media influencer marketing has recently received significant attention. However, this kind of social media influencer marketing has not been fully demonstrated in the context of tourism destination management/marketing. This study developed a research model based on the theory of persuasion, consisting of three influencer attributes and three characterizations as antecedents of revisit intention to destination. Data were collected through an experimental survey for respondents who live in Tokyo and Osaka in Japan. Here, two YouTubers (a man and a woman) created each tourism promotion video about one Kyoto cuisine restaurant in Kyoto. Respondents were assigned to a group to watch one of the videos, and after watching the video, they answered questions about the YouTuber and their intention to visit the tourist destination via a web questionnaire. The study found that PSR (Parasocial relationship) had a significantly positive impact on revisit intentions to destination relative to other characterizations on all groups. But the personal attributes positively related to PSR differed depending on the YouTubers and the respondents' place of residence. Therefore, tourism video marketing strategies utilizing social media influencers in destination marketing need to be fine-tuned based on the influencer's personal attributes, and characterizations considering the targets' place of residence.
Effects of Incentivized Fake Reviews on E-commerce Markets
Authors: Okamoto Shotaro , Takahashi Hiroki , Kimita Koji , Nishino Nariaki
Published: June 2022

This study analyzes difficulties posed by dealers operating in e-commerce who intervene in reviews and undermine credibility by offering money to purchasers who post highly positive reviews of their products: the incentivized fake review problem. Moreover, we study its effects on e-commerce markets. Offering biased incentives to receive more favorable reviews undermines the review mechanism validity. In e-commerce market transactions, reviews by buyers more strongly affect sales of products than in other markets. Because a loss of trust in reviews reduces the transaction volume, this incentivized fake review problem might reduce the profits of e-commerce operators and of dealers. No report of the relevant literature has described a theoretical test of these problem-related hypotheses, this study explores the subject. First, we developed a model in which buyers obtain information about sellers' products through user-generated reviews. Sellers can distort the reviews indirectly by providing incentives for highly rated reviews. Next, based on this model, we derived a Nash equilibrium incentive amount by taking a game theoretical approach to the situation of reading about incentive amounts offered by the seller. Finally, we analyzed transaction situations and the seller's gain in the equilibrium. The results revealed many points to be consistent with findings from earlier studies and with actual conditions prevailing in e-commerce markets. However, this research is limited to the proposal and analysis of a theoretical model. Therefore, future studies must be undertaken using economic experiments to verify the consistency of a model using actual transaction data and to verify the attitudes of buyers when purchasing.
Human augmentation technology for teleworking in service/non-service industries: a survey in Japan
Authors: Watanabe Kentaro , Ho Bach , Otsuki Mai , Kishita Yusuke , Kobayakawa Maiko
Published: June 2022

Telework has been widely accepted in industries as an effective means for business continuity and employee wellbeing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its application is limited to specific types of jobs such as office work. The expectation toward digital technologies to overcome emerging risks is even accelerating under the influence of COVID-19. Specifically, human augmentation technologies (HAT) are anticipated to realize a new type of teleworking called augmented teleworking, which could create rich service experiences without physical contacts. However, the actual needs for HAT for teleworking are still understudied. This study aims to clarifies the needs and potential impacts of HAT for teleworking through the web questionnaire survey to workers across different industries and locations in Japan. The result implies that HAT to overcome access barriers and pursue reality in teleworking are anticipated and teleworking experiences would promote the needs for HAT.
Bridging the Gap Between Industry and Education: Engaging Design Professionals in the Education of Student Designers
Authors: Hurley Julie , Raddatz Nico , Satterfield Debra
Published: June 2022

I-SPACE, Innovation for Students, Practitioners, Alumni, and Community Engagement, is a new model for higher education that uses online and hybrid teaching strategies to facilitate extended interactions between students and design professionals. Using I-SPACE online meetings to bridge the gap between industry and education, students obtain industry collaborations with design professionals, giving an internship-type of experience in the classroom and introducing them to high quality early career networking opportunities. I-SPACE also provides a valuable tool for diversity, equity, and inclusion in professional design education. By using the I-SPACE online and hybrid model of teaching, students from underserved and at-risk populations or those with limited monetary resources can more effectively engage with the professional design community. I-SPACE focuses on three professional practice inspired models of engagement: Co-Creation Student Practitioner, Student Mentorship, and Professional Practice. I-SPACE effectively integrates social networking and complex problem solving into the online curriculum through student collaborations with alumni, design professionals, and community stakeholders.
“Voices of Design: People, Stories and Innovation” Service Design through University and Community Engagement
Authors: Satterfield Debra , Rivera-Chang Jose , Teubner David , Tredway Tom , Woelfel Wesley
Published: June 2022

Voices of Design (VOD) is an event that uses Zoom, an online meeting program, and Miro, a web-based whiteboard platform, to create a virtual space for group collaboration and research. This virtual meeting space and the strategies of the VOD event are discussed regarding their ability to support large and small group interaction, interpersonal communication, design thinking processes, collaboration, complex problem solving, and gamification activities all in real time. Four goals were set as metrics for the success of this event: 1) create a safe virtual meeting place to share ideas, collaborate, and build community, 2) design content that inspires participants and casts a shared vision for design as a catalyst for positive change at global, national, local and personal levels, 3) use the event to build common ground by solving worthy yet complex problems, and 4) actively engage participants in the online activities through a series of gamification strategies. This event, these online and digital platforms, and these four goals are discussed regarding best practices for service design for online and hybrid education and design research conducted in virtual space.
User Experience of Social Web-based Virtual Reality for the Hybrid and Blended Learning Classroom
Authors: Huisinga Laura
Published: June 2022

The use of social webVR for a classroom can offer a collaborative real-time environment that bridges the gap between virtual video conferences and gaming platforms. This paper examines how to use social webVR in a virtual classroom. It addresses some of the unique UX challenges of designing for a social VR classroom space. Finally, it will address access to the virtual environment through multiple devices, including an Oculus HMD, laptop, tablet, and smartphone. Social web-based VR offers promising potential. Designing a human-centered virtual environment and considering all participants' total user experience is critical to a successful learning tool. Future virtual environments could replace the physical classroom in some cases. This paper is not about replacing the physical classroom experience but how social VR can add to the experience in a hybrid or blended learning environment where students are not always in a physical classroom 100% of the time.
Building Better Community: A You-centralized Experience
Authors: Terpstra Glenn
Published: June 2022

Through a metaverse hosted art show we use novel mechanisms to control access to content in virtual spaces. In these spaces where anonymity is the standard, and requiring interaction is secondary to being viewed or received, we explore unique means of service deployment by requiring viewers to create “content” in the form of survey responses and other interactions prior to accessing the show’s content. To strengthen the connection to the virtual space we offer POAP’s to participants to add a layer of accountability and a way of monitoring attendance and interaction on the blockchain. Content moderation is only part of the picture, community moderation viewed as a holistic space is central to evolving sustainable groups which can grow and thrive. Successful meta-worlds still require the translation of real world social practices and constructs to their virtual systems -- not necessarily in the same way they are used in real life, but perhaps in innovative and authentic ways that improve on current practice. The metaverse in its infancy is a perfect place to make large changes to social structures before they are cemented in place. The focus of this research is to explore new ways to provide inclusive education opportunities, invest in the democratization of virtual spaces, and to promote computer skills and literacy. In many current forms, metaverses are inherently non-inclusive because of economic and technological inequality as well as lack of access to Computer Science education resources. We look to disincentivize predatory practices in UX/UI design and service blueprinting, such as dark patterning that subtly create non-inclusive structures. Designing inclusion into a framework implies that a framework or service is inherently non-inclusive. This project challenges this view, and suggests instead that a virtual service should be inherently inclusive, and must be designed in such a way that it avoids the addition of non-inclusive features.
Immersive AR Landmark-based Campus Wayfinding Solution with Focus on People with Navigation Difficulties
Authors: Golestanha Zahrasadat , Satterfield Debra
Published: June 2022

The focus of this study is to develop an indoor navigation solution for use on a mobile device to help students, especially those with navigation difficulties, better navigate their environment independently and with confidence. This research employed mixed methods, including expert interviews and case studies, to better understand the wayfinding experience of students or faculty (particularly those with navigation difficulties) and to gain a comprehensive perspective on campus wayfinding experiences. A mobile app, "BeachLead," was developed on the iOS platform. BeachLead is a landmark-based Augmented reality (AR) wayfinding platform that helps students navigate indoor spaces on campus. Students can follow landmarks to find their destination and trace their way back to the first position. This platform gamifies navigation by allowing students to hit the targets (landmarks) and embed little moments of fun during their route. Using this platform will improve the campus navigation experience, increase environmental awareness, and reduce stress and cognitive load. The data and navigation prototype will be shown and discussed.
Applying Nudges to Nemawashi: Consensus-building Without Losing Diversity
Authors: Ko Nikka , Kohda Youji , Uchihira Naoshi
Published: June 2022

In Ringi system, which is a decision-making process followed by organizations in Japan, Nemawashi is often used in order to form a consensus. The term Nemawashi generally used in the sense of explaining the situation to the parties concerned in advance during an informal setting for obtaining their approval to a certain extent so that negotiations can go well. Nemawashi can create a consensus with a bias in advance, which may lead to a loss of diversity of ideas in decision-making. Therefore, we thought that if we could successfully apply Nudge to Nemawashi, we could reduce the loss of diversity, which can be a disadvantage of Nemawashi. In this paper, we conducted a questionnaire survey of people in organizations where Nemawashi practiced in order to find out whether the application of Nudge, which can be an important tool for documentation and facilitation, to Nemawashi has a positive, negative, or no effect on the advantages and disadvantages of Nemawashi. Therefore, Nudges can be used to support strengthening Nemawashi and reduce the loss of diversity that can be a weakness of Nemawashi in the following ways: (1) provide information at the appropriate time, (2) increase the appeal of Nemawashi by creating attention-grabbing devices, (3) ensure that people behave in accordance with social norms, (4) make sure that people react in some way to what they do or don't do, and (5) ensure people are satisfied with the results. (3) to make sure that people behave in accordance with social norms, (4) to check what kind of situation is expected to occur if a certain choice is taken or not taken, and whether the result is likely to be satisfactory, (5) to create a system that will immediately respond in some way to the doers of the words or actions, and (6) to prepare time to carefully review what has happened. We proposed a model for applying Nudge to Nemawashi in order to achieve consensus-building between decision-makers and Nemawashi practitioners without losing diversity in the process of decision-making.
Changes in the Relationship between Medical Professionals Mediated by an Information Tool: An Ethnography of Team Medicine in Japan
Authors: Yamaguchi Hiromi , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2022

Comparing the percentage of the total population aged 65 and over in 2021, Japan (29.1%) is the world's highest super-aged society. It has been predicted for some time that the existing healthcare system would not be able to cope with the increasing demand for healthcare. One of the government's proposals to restructure the healthcare system is to make greater use of team medicine.The purpose of this paper is to clarify what has changed through team medicine mediated by information tools. The study site was a medium-sized hospital in a regional city in Japan. The research method used was ethnography with a focus on participant observation. The study period was eight years, from 2012 to 2020. One of the authors conducted the investigation while working at the hospital as a hospital staff. In the 2012 revision of medical fees, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) added the new item of "guidance and management for prevention of dialysis (through team medicine)" to prevent serious complications in diabetic patients.The new reimbursement system only set out the conditions for calculation and left the operation of the system to the hospitals themselves. Hospitals were initially confused, and medical professionals did not know what to do. However, the introduction of the MAP information tool, which visualizes and lists the patients' treatment status, has made it possible for the health professionals to work proactively. Through the mediation of MAP, inadequate treatment of patients (e.g., lack of necessary tests, inadequate selection of appropriate drugs, etc.) became clear. Under such circumstances, not only nurses and pharmacists but also medical secretaries have been transformed into people who are relied upon by doctors. Such a change was born from their attitude that they did not accept team medicine, which was mainly based on hierarchy and division of labor among medical professionals, and that they were willing to take on the work of other professions. In other words, each specialized profession filled in the gaps in patient care that tended to arise by overlapping their respective duties. In addition, the relationship between doctors and other professionals has changed from a hierarchical relationship to a mutual relationship in which problems are raised.In conclusion, it was found that the mediation of information tools and the overlapping of work with other professions with one's own professional area did not reduce the organizational capacity of the team and promoted positive changes in professional relationships.
The Invisible Work and its Value of Outpatient Nurses: A Case Study of an Internal Medicine Clinic in Fukuoka, Japan
Authors: Kawaguchi Yaeko , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the environment surrounding medical care in Japan has been changing drastically with the development and sophistication of medical care and the declining birthrate and aging of the population. In response to the changes in medical care, nurses are now required to provide high quality direct care to patients with various diseases and living environments. For this reason, work that does not involve patients, such as clerical work, has been regarded as less valuable as a nurse’s job. However, in practice, many of the nurses’ jobs do not involve patients. These jobs are not valued by society and the nursing community, making them “invisible”. In order to visualize the nurses' work based on facts, it is necessary to clarify the invisible work of nurses and its value. Until now, there have been a few ethnographic studies that have attempted to reveal the invisible work of Japanese nurses. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the invisible work of outpatient nurses and what their value is through a case study of an internal medicine clinic in Japan. As a result of the study, it was found that outpatient nurses not only assist with medical treatment, which is defined by law as nurses’ work, but they play an important role in the functioning of outpatient clinics by performing other duties. This is where the value of the invisible work performed by outpatient nurses is thought to exist.
Conceptual Change in Human-centered Design by Artificial Intelligence System
Authors: Ando Masaya , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2022

It has been pointed out that the development of artificial intelligence can transform the relationship between systems and people fundamentally. Human-centered design (HCD) is a concept that realizes a human-centered system by grasping user usage and deriving user requirements. This design concept is still important and is effective when systematizing existing operations. However, when a user's advanced work can be replaced by artificial intelligence, the relationship between the user and the system changes dramatically, but the direction has not been clarified. In this study, interviews were conducted with service providers on the site using artificial intelligence and discussed the necessity of rebuilding the meaning and significance of the operations and actions of the user using the system.
Predictive Model Establishment for The Online Shopping Experience Factors Affecting Repurchase Intention Using Stepwise Linear Regression
Authors: Alcain Jesselyn , Marquez Charlie , Camille Beriña Lara , Samuel Bulaon Luke , Andrea Cheng Jane , Erika Cruz Gennes
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought drastic changes in the way people purchase goods/products. The behavior of people shifted to online shopping and an increase in electronic transactions. In the present, the e-commerce industry in the Philippines continues to grow; however, it is still not as established as developed countries. For online businesses to succeed in the highly competitive online environment, a better understanding of the different factors affecting consumer behavior is vital. This study investigated the e-commerce sector wherein the focus is the online shopping factors that affect the repurchase intention of consumers from multiple generations, namely Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. Seven online shopping experience factors were determined in the study affecting consumers' repurchase intention. The study used stepwise linear regression and Cronbach's alpha for data analysis, and the predictive models were validated. The results show that Customer Satisfaction and Perceived Usefulness affect the online repurchase intention for Baby Boomers. At the same time, Perceived Security, Transactionality, and Website Quality are the factors that affect Generation X's repurchase intention. Furthermore, Availability, Perceived Usefulness, and Website Quality affect repurchase intention for Generation Y. Lastly, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Security and Customer Satisfaction affects the repurchase intention for Generation Z. Aside from repurchase intention, these factors also significantly affect online store revisit. These results will be helpful for e-commerce company owners in improving the features of their platforms based on consumers' preferences. Recommendations include for e-commerce sites to improve cybersecurity, and user-friendly interface, convenient payment methods, clear refund or return policies, and consistent monitoring and updating of product stocks.
Acquisition and sharing of knowledge and skills of visiting nurses in Japan
Authors: Otani Kagari , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to clarify, through ethnographic research, how nurses acquire and share their knowledge and skills of home nursing in clinical settings. The field research took place at a visiting nurse station in Nagoya, Japan between 2013 and November 2021. Research method used were participant observations and interviews at visiting nurse station and patients’ homes. One of the authors is an assistant professor of nursing at a university’s Nurse and Health department who also leads students in the clinical training at the visiting nurse station. The research data were acquired from periodical nurse station visits and from accompanying nurses in their activities.visiting nurses considered patients and family as partners, and they explored the preferred care together with the patient to create tailored care. We showed the following in a paper at AHFE-HSSE conference in 2021: the visiting nurses read into the patient’s societal background, life and beliefs, and visiting nurses analyzed the living style patients wish for, in order to propose the method which materialize this kind of living. The value co-created by the nurses and patient formulated the “normal living style” wished to be sustained by the patient (Otani and Ito 2021).Incidentally, in nursing education in Japan, universities nursing faculties and nursing schools educate students in basic knowledge and skills of nursing in wards to home nursing in Japan. The co-creative practices and techniques of visiting nursing care need to be learned while working in a clinical setting after the nurse is licensed.　The paper revealed the following: The visiting nurse "co-created" with the patient to produce a nursing technique that fit the patient's needs　based on the "sticky information" (von Hippel 1994) obtained in the patient's home. At the visiting nurse station, the nurses reported new information obtained at the patient's home or communicated to the patient during daily conferences. The nurse illustrated and demonstrated the nursing techniques that fit the patient to colleague nurses.In addition, the nurses had a joint conference with physical, occupational, and speech therapists working in the same station. The participants reported to each other the new information the patient during their stay at the patient's home, and described the techniques of each specialist that fit the patients. The information revealed in the conference was recorded into the patient's medical chart each time. The nursing skills created in the patient's home through co-creation with the patient are sticky information that is difficult to transfer, but they are shared and accumulated through gestural demonstrations at conferences by the health professionals.
The production process of films from a relational perspective: A case study of independent films about Parkinson's disease in Japan
Authors: Coney Shun , Ito Yasunobu
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to clarify how creativity is produced in filmmaking from a relational perspective. Creativity here refers to the fact that films that contain original ideas and evoke sympathy in the audience are not produced solely through the internal mechanisms of individuals, but rather as a result of the collective actions and activities of various people.In recent years, movies have moved beyond the confines of theaters, and infrastructures such as Amazon Prime and Netflix are rapidly expanding. Against this backdrop, independent Japanese films have been receiving high acclaim overseas. The so-called independent films are not films that come out with huge budgets and a fixed release destination like the major film systems, but films that are planned and produced by the filmmakers themselves without any financial resources. Independent films can have an impact on people despite the risk of completion and release, but their reputation is focused on the director and producer. For this reason, the relationship between actors other than the director and producer in filmmaking is not fully clarified.Filmmaking is a multi-layered and contingent creativity that is created through the long-term interaction of not only the director, producer, and cast, but also various other actors such as equipment, script, and location. While independent films allow for a greater degree of freedom in planning, they are also subject to complexities and volatility, such as difficulties in obtaining financing and differences in the image of the film among the staff, which can prevent the project from proceeding as planned at the outset.The subject of the study is Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and movies about it. PD is an intractable disease for which there is currently no curative treatment, and which causes progressive symptoms such as tremors in the limbs and stiffness in the muscles that interfere with daily life. In order to control the progression of the disease, it is said that regular exercise therapy and rehabilitation are essential, along with daily medication. The film will be produced with the cooperation of the PD Patients Association, which has 8,000 members, and will consist of two parts: a drama about the life of the main character who was diagnosed with PD in his 40s, and a documentary about several PD patients in their 30s to 60s. The research was conducted by one of the authors (a filmmaker) using ethnography: from December 2020 to November 2021, he conducted participant observation of the relationships between the actors involved in the project and the living conditions of the PD parties, and interviewed them. Based on these observations, we conducted a series of interviews. The PD parties who would become the informants and the filmmakers had numerous dialogues. As a result, their social and living environments were unraveled.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on electricity load demand in Thailand
Authors: Wutyi Hnin Su , Javed Amna , Jeenanunta Chawalit , Karnjana Jessada , Kohda Youji
Published: June 2022

Electricity demand is typically affected by many exogenous and endogenous factors to which utility generation, transmission, and distribution systems respond accordingly. The outbreak of COVID -19 caused a sudden change in every aspect in many countries. The number of cases increased exponentially from mid-March 2020 in Thailand. The Thai government has taken many pandemic-prevention measures such as requiring people to stay home to reduce human-to-human transmission of the virus. Many human activities stopped, such as businesses, services, and transportation. The preventive measures taken to curb the spread of COVID -19 have drastically changed the behavioral patterns of people. The energy sector is one of the sectors most affected by COVID-19. After the government-imposed restrictions to prevent COVID -19 within the country, there were extreme fluctuations in demand for electricity on the grid. We compared the electricity load patterns before and after introducing the countrywide restrictions by the government. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand provided the daily 30-minute load data. This study provides valuable insights into the Thai power system during the global crisis. This is to support decision making, especially for policy-makers, grid operators, and regulators, by quantifying the short-term impact and identifying the long-term impact of pandemic waves on the power system.
Predicting economic indicators using Political Texts
Authors: Amendola Alessandra , Grimaldi Alessandro , Distaso Walter
Published: June 2022

The paper proposes a new text-based indicator aimed at assessing the impact over time of political debate on economy. Textual data from the plenary verbatim reports of the Italian Parliament are pre-processed and relevant themes, whose temporal evolution allows predicting fluctuations in fundamental macro-economic variables, are estimated via a Correlated Topic Model. Specifically, a Political Debate Index is derived based on a time-varying weighting function of the estimated topic proportions. The capability, in terms of out-of-sample forecasts accuracy, of the proposed approach in improving the predictability of selected economic indicators is evaluated considering different predictors. The reached results seem to support the evidence that qualitative information conveyed by the daily political debate does have an impact on the economic dynamic over time and can be usefully used to improve the economic predictions performance.