bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secondary Prevention of Esophageal Variceal Bleeding Using Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Compared to Endoscopic Band Ligation plus Beta-Blocker
Authors: Yo Edward Christopher , Nursyirwan Saskia Aziza
Published: January 2024

Aim: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) against combination therapy in the secondary prevention of esophageal variceal bleeding.Method: Literature search was conducted using 4 databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid Embase) and individual hand searching. The selected studies were then critically appraised for their validity, importance, and applicability.Results: A total of 136 results were retrieved, and 2 systematic reviews and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected. Both studies showed that TIPS significantly decreased incidence of esophageal variceal rebleeding but had no significant effect on reducing overall mortality when compared to combination therapy. Study by Lin et al found that TIPS was significantly better than combination therapy for reducing mortality from variceal rebleeding, but study by Jing et al found no significant difference.Conclusion: TIPS is superior to combination therapy in reducing the incidence of esophageal variceal rebleeding. Nevertheless, its effectiveness in reducing mortality needs further investigation. Future research should look into its complications and cost-effectiveness in developing countries like Indonesia.
“The Fertile Soil of Growth, Life and Ideas”: Jewish Anarchist Solidarity in Winnipeg
Authors: Tarasova Chomard Maria
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on the political and identity dynamics of early twentieth century Jewish anarchism in Winnipeg, a local movement situated at the intersection of two gravitational poles. One of these poles was the Jewish left and, in particular, its socialist (Marxist) current, represented by the Arbeiter Ring (“Workmen’s Circle”). The other was the Jewish anarchist mutual aid network of North America, centred on the East Coast of the United States but extending its activity throughout the continent. Using a prosopographical (“collective biography”) approach to highlight the relational patterns of the radical Jewish community of Winnipeg, this article assesses the movement’s unique effort to balance between the two larger ideological frameworks from which its members drew. The article identifies the factors which determined this midway stance—namely, the close connection that the local activists maintained with the Yiddish language and culture—demonstrating how the latter contributed to compromising the movement’s viability in the long term.
Responding to Settler Colonialism in the Community Archive: Jewish Approaches to Reconciliation
Authors: Chalmers Jason
Published: January 2024

This article explores how Canadian Jewish community archives are responding to and engaging with reconciliation. Reconciliation, which entered national public discourse largely through the activities of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC), is a process that restores or repairs relationships between settler society and Indigenous peoples. Based on a survey of nine archives, I identify how Jewish organizations are responding to the TRC, critically engaging with Canada’s ongoing history of settler colonialism, and building relationships with Indigenous nations. Canadian Jewish archives do this in various ways: Formal statements of reconciliation; presenting history in a way that includes Indigenous peoples and illuminates settler colonialism; acknowledging Indigenous peoples, lands, and treaties; programming that builds relationships or facilitates dialogue; and decolonizing or Indigenizing projects related to archival collections. I demonstrate that Canadian Jewish archives have begun to engage with reconciliation in substantial ways, although many of these responses are still nascent. Furthermore, the majority of these practices focus on educating Jewish audiences rather than building relationships with Indigenous communities, thus signalling the need for more collaborative approaches. Approaching reconciliation in a way that is rooted in the history and experiences of a particular settler group, rather than the premise of state supremacy, may be a productive way to avoid the colonial politics of recognition and facilitate social change in the place now called Canada.
Maimonides for the Masses? Chaim Kruger, Yiddish Journalism, and Medieval Jewish Philosophy
Authors: Robinson Ira , Robinson Yosef
Published: January 2024

In the early twentieth century, the Jewish community in Montreal created its own religious, cultural and intellectual spaces, including synagogues, schools, a library, and a Yiddish language daily, the Keneder Adler. Behind these varied but complementary institutions was a group of remarkable people who collectively built a Jewish community with considerable cultural creativity. One of the most interesting among them was Chaim Kruger (1877–1933). He was a shoḥet [kosher slaughterer], rabbi, teacher, and journalist on the staff of the Keneder Adler. He was also a serious scholar of Jewish philosophy. In the Keneder Adler, Kruger shared the results of his deep and extensive reading and study. He wrote series of articles on widely-ranging subjects such as Philo Judaeus, Saadia Gaon, Moses Maimonides, Isaac Luria, and Ḥayyim of Volozhin. His columns on Maimonides were collected into a book, Der Rambam, zayn leben un shafn [Maimonides: His Life and Works], published in 1933. The Maimonides book forms the basis of our analysis of Kruger’s thought. This article examines Kruger’s attempt to popularize Maimonides’ philosophy and make a thinker noted for the esoteric nature of his thought into someone accessible to the readership of the Keneder Adler. It also investigates Kruger’s attempt to compare Maimonides with modern philosophers, especially Kant and Nietzsche, in the context of contemporary attempts to incorporate modern philosophy into the task of understanding Judaism. Kruger’s work contributes to our understanding of the intellectual milieu of the Montreal Jewish community as well as the reception history of Maimonides in the twentieth century.
Queering Reproductive Time: Jacob’s Wrestling and Queer Temporalities in Sheila Heti’s Motherhood
Authors: Frankel Alexandra Vieux
Published: January 2024

In her book Motherhood, Sheila Heti transforms her titular subject into a state of wrestling. She divorces motherhood from biological reproduction and expands it. The result is a version of motherhood oriented toward the past rather than reproductive futures. This article argues that Heti relies on queer tropes and the biblical story of Jacob wrestling to accomplish motherhood’s transvaluation. Those tropes reproduce the antisocial theory of queerness popularized by Lee Edelman and position queerness as antithetical to reproductive futures. Jacob’s wrestling, associated with the naming of a patriarch and Jewish futures, becomes a space for interrogating conventional definitions of motherhood. The concept’s resignification contributes to current debates around Jewish continuity in North America by offering a more inclusive view of motherhood. This article shows how Heti’s work draws attention to heteronormative foundations of continuity discourses and the question of recognizing queer futures.
Full section (pages 99-237)
Authors: Simone Grossman, Simon-Pierre Lacasse (eds.)
Published: January 2024

n/a
Florbela Espanca e as noções de poesia moderna
Authors: Gandolfi Leonardo
Published: January 2024

A ausência da poesia de Florbela Espanca de grande parte do debate sobre modernidade na literatura portuguesa se dá porque seus versos estariam na contramão de certa expectativa de moderno. Essa não coincidência de sua obra com um paradigma de modernidade pode ser ocasião para se redimensionar e se historicizar a própria noção de modernidade na literatura portuguesa. Ao não caber no discurso corrente sobre modernidade, a poesia de Espanca acaba por desconcertar a própria ideia daquilo que se considera moderno. Este artigo discute tais tópicos, analisando, nos versos de Espanca, estratégias de enunciação e modos de subjetivação das autorias femininas.
Poetas de pochete: quiném homem, quiném mulher
Authors: Miguelote Carla
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo observa o modo como certa poesia brasileira contemporânea cria estratégias de subversão das normas de gênero. Tomando como norte a leitura que Judith Butler faz de Antígona, a heroína da desobediência, consideramos essas proposições poéticas como atos linguísticos de desobediência política. Escolhemos como corpus de análise os últimos livros de poesia de Angélica Freitas – Canções para atormentar (2020) –, Féres – Experiências sobre editar um corpo (2020) –, Maria Isabel Iorio – Dia sim dia não fazer chantagem (2021) – e o penúltimo livro de Lilian Sais – Motivos para cavar a terra (2022b).
O silêncio faz-se verbo costurado na pele: reflexões sobre memória e corporalidade a partir do visual feminino na sangria malencar(n)ada de Luiza Romão
Authors: GImenez Isaac
Published: January 2024

Pensamos que Sangria (2017), de Luiza Romão, merece maior atenção crítica, não só no plano literário mas também no performativo-visual. Através da representação visual do corpo violentado e do silenciamento feminino, Sangria denuncia o trauma histórico herdado e aponta a ruptura com a linguagem verbal como passo prévio à criação de novas genealogias histórico-culturais sob uma perspectiva de gênero. Assim, optamos por uma leitura expandida centrada em dois aspectos fundamentais da obra: o corpo como locus a partir do qual se trabalha o tensionamento da escrita, da reescrita e da sobrescrita, na página e na pele; e o nome próprio (Brasil, Pau-Brasil) como epítome do pensamento masculino, base da história nacional e, portanto, da memória coletiva. A nossa conversa crítica propõe um diálogo entre o livro-calendário de Luiza Romão, obras de artistas pioneiras no campo da performance e o modernismo brasileiro.
Configurações do discurso parodístico na poesia de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Vieira Júnior Paulo Antônio , Souza e Silva Andressa
Published: January 2024

A paródia é uma das formas mais recorrentes que artistas modernos encontraram para formularem discursos críticos (HUTCHEON, 1985). Nos poemas de Conceição Evaristo, presentes no livro Poemas da recordação e outros movimentos (2017), a reescrita de textos literários configura modos de resistência às opressões do racismo, do sexismo, das divisões de classe e do colonialismo. A transformação do discurso dominante, desse modo, surge na poesia negra-feminina como “movimento de transformação dos modelos literários oferecidos pelo discurso dominante” (BERND, 1988, p. 29), e busca reverter estereótipos para (re)construir uma identidade via expressão subjetiva.
Através do espelho: a poética de Orides Fontela
Authors: De Oliveira Camargo Vinicius , Souza Neto Ademir de , Verzola Felts David , Sanchez João Vitor , Pires Antônio Donizeti
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho realiza uma análise interpretativa sobre a temática do espelho na obra poética de Orides Fontela. Nessa perspectiva, selecionou-se um poema com tal temática em cada um de seus livros publicados. A partir da seleção, busca-se estabelecer uma relação entre aspectos formais do corpus e determinados elementos da poética oridiana apontados pela sua fortuna crítica.
A escrita, o corpo e a bomba: (não) maternidade na poesia contemporânea de mulheres
Authors: Dall Agnol de Oliveira Flávia , Terezinha Schmidt Rita
Published: January 2024

O ensaio apresenta um estudo da poesia de Cristiane Sobral e Bianca Chioma, cujos textos criam um contra-discurso que revela e confronta os imperativos sociais, jurídicos e culturais relacionados à maternidade. As obras operam uma dupla subversão: além de transgredir questões de forma, tratam de um tema tabu em sociedades marcadas pela herança colonial da tradição judaico-cristã. Os poemas são reveladores na medida em que também apontam que a imposição da maternidade está interligada à criminalização do aborto, questões que são problematizadas uma vez que operam de forma necessariamente vinculada aos fatores de raça e classe.
Dziecięcy łuk twarzowy – cel stosowania
Authors: Ambroziak Karolina , Kostrzewa-Janicka Jolanta , Kamiński Konrad
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Usage of facebow let us transfer the jaw relation to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and therefore analised occlusion in the process of planning and fabricating dentures. Aim. The main aim of the work was to present face bow made for kids in opposition to regular face bow. Material and methods. Research in PubMed/Medline was search in terms of “childrens facebow”, “junior facebow” or “prosthodontics treatment in children”. Results. Facebow made for adults can not be used for all underage patients, because of its size. Conclusions. Further studies must be conducted, to determine construction bite or therapeutic mandible position with usage of facebow made for kids (Junior Facebow).
Resorpcja zewnętrzna jako powikłanie po urazie – opis przypadku
Authors: Rączka Joanna , Białoszewska Katarzyna , Turska-Szybka Anna
Published: January 2024

Injury to permanent teeth is a common reason for patients of developmental age presenting to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, WUM. Tooth trauma is one of the factors causing external resorption, and the risk of its occurrence is particularly high in cases of complete dislocation and tooth intrusion. The prognosis depends primarily on proper storage of the avulsed tooth and treatment of the injury according to the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines. We report the 3-year course of treatment of an 8-year-old patient who sustained trauma to teeth with uncompleted root development: 11 – complete dislocation, 21 – uncomplicated crown fracture. On the basis of systematically performed clinical and radiological examinations the decision of endodontic treatment of teeth 11 and 21 was made. Because of complications in the form of advanced external root resorption, tooth 11 required extraction after 3 years. Tooth 21 remains under observation and has no pathological symptoms on X-ray. The patient is still under the care of a paediatric dentist and orthodontist. The following factors influenced the outcome of tooth 11: type of injury, patient’s age below 10 years, stage of root development, time of replantation > 60 min from injury, transport of the tooth in water.
Evaluation of cytotoxicity of selected compomers on gingival fibroblasts – ex vivo studies
Authors: Marczuk-Kolada Grażyna , Kuderewska Sylwia , Żyłkiewicz Michalina
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Compomers are the result of combining composite materials and glass ionomer cements. Due to their properties, compomers are of interest among medical practitioners, especially pediatric dentists. Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effect of two selected compomers on human gingival fibroblasts. Material and methods. The assessment was conducted using the MTT test. Twelve samples were prepared for each material. Half of the samples (6 samples) were polymerized for 20 seconds in two layers with a halogen lamp (Polylux II, Kavo) and the other half with a diode lamp (B-Max, Tecno-Gaz, 1600 mW/cm2). Culture plates with cells and inserts with materials were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity for 24 hours. Then the inserts were removed, 1 mL of MTT was added in the amount of 0.5 mg per 1 mL of the medium and samples were incubated in the described conditions without light for 3 hours. The optical density was measured with an absorption spectrophotometer at the 560 nm wavelength. Results. The analysis of the results revealed slight, not statistically significant differences in the cytotoxicity of the tested materials depending on the polymerization source. Conclusions. Research should continue to update information on cytotoxicity issues.
Próchnica powikłana jako możliwy czynnik ryzyka ADEM – opis przypadku
Authors: Krasuska-Sławińska Ewa , Daszkiewicz Marta , Spodzieja Karolina , Samul Urszula , Chądzyńska Anna
Published: January 2024

Neurological and cardio-vascular diseases are considered the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. On the other hand, dental caries is nowadays so widespread, that it is considered a civilization-dependent social problem. Significance of caries as a possible risk factor for infectious and cardio-vascular conditions is well known, while its possible disease exacerbating role in the development of neurological diseases is poorly documented. Aim of paper is to present a case report of a patient suffering from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) where complicated caries could be the factor exacerbating the disease. Four-year old male patient developed acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Causal association of ADEM with caries was supported by finding of anti-neuronal antibodies co-existing with severe caries. The sanitation of oral cavity combined with implementation of systemic treatment resulted in a rapid resolution of neurological disease. There were no documented reports correlating ADEM with caries in current literature, therefore presented case report may be the first. This would confirm the role of oral hygiene in the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases, while assessment of oral cavity status should become an indispensable part of diagnostic work-up in neurology. In view of prevalence of caries, children and adolescents should benefit from a systemic dental care.
Detection of dental and psychological symptoms of child abuse and neglect in dental office – systematic review
Authors: Pantelewicz Anna , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Manifestation of child abuse symptoms is a very complex phenomenon. Children exposed to domestic violence reported to a dentist present several symptoms that can help in detection of child abuse. Aim.To search the literature for original papers investigating the physical and psychological symptoms of domestic violence and describing the methods of detecting domestic violence in the dental office. Material and methods. The systematic review, of the articles published after 2000, was performed in the following databases: PubMed, EBSCO, Wiley Online Library, EMBASE, Warsaw Medical University Library. The research was supplemented by hand searching by one professional. Key words that were used in search strategy were: “child abuse syndrome”, “domestic violence”, “dentist”, “violence”, “child”, “oral health”. Results. Of 2721 potential studies screened, 52 studies were reviewed, and 5 original papers included (representing 1108 children). Screening tools for child abuse and neglects were described by the use of children’s and their family characteristics: failure or delay in seeking dental treatment; failure to follow treatment plan; failure to provide basic oral health; oral and general hygiene negligence, presence of severe caries, presence of untreated dental caries and injures with co-existing pain and swelling, the need of perform treatment or multiple extractions under the sedation or general anesthetizes, behavioural management problems. Conclusions. Most studies on the detection of child abuse and neglect have examine either oral and head and neck injuries or severe caries and hygiene negligence or occurrence of tooth wear and mucous lesions and injures rather than assessing them together. None of the studies took into to account a psychological factor. There is a need of developing and implementing screening tools integrating all above mentioned factors.
Przetrwały ból jamy ustnej u pacjenta z napadową nocną hemoglobinurią (PNH). Powikłania stomatologiczne i wyzwanie diagnostyczne
Authors: Bogusławska-Kapała Agnieszka , Rusyan Ewa , Wróblewska Marta , Szopiński Kazimierz , Strużycka Izabela
Published: January 2024

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a clonal haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disease that presents with haemolytic anaemia, thrombosis and smooth muscle dystonias, as well as bone marrow failure in some cases. This condition is often treated by a hematopoetic stem cell therapy. The present case report describes a patient with PNH, who was referred to the dental clinic by the bone marrow transplant clinic, for elimination of oral sources of potential infection. The transplantation was postponed for several months due to deterioration in the patient’s haematological condition. After completion of dental treatment, patient began to suffer from some serious oral complications and intermittent severe pain which was caused by delayed and erroneous diagnosis
Leczenie powikłania złamania korzenia zęba stałego – opis przypadku
Authors: Kuderewska Sylwia , Żyłkiewicz Michalina , Marczuk-Kolada Grażyna
Published: January 2024

Root fractures account for 0.5 to 7% of all injuries to permanent teeth. Their treatment presents a challenge to clinicians. We present the case of a 13-year-old patient who was referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic because of complications after an undiagnosed horizontal root fracture. Radiograph showed a horizontal root fracture of tooth 21 in the apical thirdand thinning of the bone structure covering the whole apical part and reaching 1/3 of the medial part of the root. Endodontic treatment was performed with calcium hydroxide-based dressings that were replaced every 3 months. After 12 months, the coronal part of the root canal was finally filled by lateral gutta-percha condensation. Radiographs showed complete healing of the lesion and canal obliteration at the root apical part. The tooth was examined clinically and radiographically twice at one-year intervals. The patient had no complaints of pain, tooth mobility was physiological, and the reaction to percussion was negative. The radiological picture had not changed since the end of treatment. This case confirms that the treatment with calcium hydroxide and final filling of the intracoronal root fragment with gutta-percha seems to be an effective treatment for complications such as necrosis and inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues after root fracture.
Shear bond strength of Equia Forte with enamel and dentin of permanent immature teeth – in vitro study
Authors: Szufnara Anna , Majewska-Beśka Sylwia , Szczesio-Włodarczyk Agata , Nowak Joanna , Szczepańska Joanna
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Development of new glass-ionomer materials allows to treat deep caries lesions in a minimally invasive manner. Bioactive materials, which regenerate tooth tissue through their remineralising properties, are also used in practice. The Sylc preparation is an example of bioactive glass. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of glass-ionomer Equia Forte with enamel and dentine surfaces of permanent immature teeth. The effect of sandblasting with Sylc as well as thermal ageing on the quality of material adhesion in relation to tooth tissues was also analysed. Material and methods. The study was conducted on immature permanent teeth. Equia Forte (GC) was used as glass-ionomer filling material whereas the Sylc (GlaxoSmithKline) preparation served as bioactive glass. The subjects of the study were classified into eight study groups according to: the type of tooth tissue – enamel/dentin, cavity surface preparation: sandblasting/no sandblasting, thermal shocks including 500 thermocycles at a temperature ranging 5-55°C. The obtained results are shown as mean and standard deviation. The normality of data distribution, homogeneity of variations, significance of differences between two independent groups of discrete variables or variables deviating from normality were assessed. The probability of revealed differences between the given results was also determined by pure chance. Results. The mean values of shear bond stresses for individual tissues were 7.57 MPa ± 2.72 for enamel and 6.74 MPa ± 1.63 for dentin. After sandblasting the enamel and dentin surfaces with the Sylc preparation, the values were 7.53 MPa ± 1.88 and 5.74 MPa ± 2.03, respectively. Sanding with Sylc of the dentin surface of a permanent tooth with incomplete development statistically significantly weakened the strength of the bond of the Equia Forte glass ionomer material with this tissue under the conditions created by applying 500 thermocycles (6.91 MPa ± 1.94 vs. 4.34 MPa ± 2.00, P2-str. bootstrap < 0.004). Conclusions. The experimental study shows that sandblasting with the Sylc preparation weakens the shear bond strength of the Equia Forte material against enamel and dentin of permanent immature teeth. Thermal shocks weaken adhesion of the material to the surface of the studied tissues.
Leczenie biologiczne nieodwracalnego zapalenia miazgi – czy to możliwe? Przedstawienie aktualnych zaleceń Amerykańskiego Stowarzyszenia Endodontów w odniesieniu do Europejskiego Towarzystwa Endodontycznego
Authors: Ulacha Katarzyna , Nowicka Alicja
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Vital pulp therapy allows for preservation the vitality of the tooth, in line with the trend of minimally invasive dentistry. The best filling of the root canal is healthy pulp and we should strive to preserve it whenever possible. Aim. The aim of the study was to present an innovative view of the American Association of Endodontics (AAE) on the vital pulp therapy of mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis, in relation to the current recommendations of the European Society of Endodontology (ESE). Material and methods. The latest AAE and ESE guidelines for the treatment of pulpitis were compiled, with particular emphasis on mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis. The literature was reviewed using the PubMed database. Keywords used were: “irreversible pulpitis” and “mature permanent teeth”. Results. The literature reports about high success rate in vital pulp treatment of permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis using pulpotomy. This treatment is performed based on the fact that irreversible inflammation does not always include the entire pulp and often occurs only in its coronal part. So far recommended root canal treatment, in some clinical cases is too invasive method of treatment. Conclusions. The assessment of the pulp status plays a key role in the success of effectiveness of the treatment of irreversible pulpitis using the pulpotomy. The topic of vital pulp therapy in permanent mature teeth is still open and the recommendations concerning pulpitis are non-perfect. In case of uncertain diagnosis, a less invasive method of treatment should be used first. Development of a reliable diagnostic methodology should be one of the priorities in endodontic research to avoid dilemmas as to the appropriate method of treatment.
Aktywność antyoksydacyjna popularnych przypraw
Authors: Gawron-Gzella Anna
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Some of the medicinal plants, which are also spices, show multidirectional pharmacological activity resulting from the presence of numerous active compounds, including polyphenols. Spice extracts often have antioxidant properties, and when used to improve the taste of dishes, they also contribute to the prevention and treatment of many civilization diseases. Plants with a potential antioxidant activity are popular spices: cinnamon, ginger, turmeric, nutmeg and cardamom. Aim. Comparison of water and alcohol extracts from five spices in terms of the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Material and methods. The study was conducted on the water and methanol extracts from five spices derived from the three producers. The total phenolic content in the extracts was determined by the colorimetric method with the use of the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC). The antioxidant activity was determined by methods with the ABTS•+ radical cation and the reduction of iron (III) ions (FRAP). Results. The total phenolic content in the examined extracts, ranged from 0.74 to 39.32%, expressed as gallic acid. The highest total polyphenol content was determined in cinnamon extracts (29.72-39.32%). The antioxidant properties of the examined extracts were as follows: the IC50 parameter (for the method with the ABTS•+ radical cation) was from 245.94 to 1.148 (mg/ml), and the IC0.5 parameter (for the FRAP method) from 91.67 to 0.70 (mg/ml). Conclusions. The content of polyphenolic compounds in the tested extracts differed depending on the type of spice and the preparation of the extract. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by cinnamon extract, followed by ginger, nutmeg and turmeric, while cardamom turned out to be the least free radical scavenger.
Análise do perfil epidemiológico de casos de recidiva de tuberculose no estado do Pará
Authors: Dias Emilly Gabriele Ribeiro , Amador Emmily Oliveira , Ferreira Jaqueline de Moura , Rodrigues Michelle Vitória Pinheiro , Silva Pâmela do Socorro Fonseca da , Pamplona João Vitor Tavares , Borba-Pinheiro Claudio Joaquim , Vale Joyce Karen Lima , Martins Filho Arnaldo Jorge
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil Sociodemográfico, diagnóstico, as formas, agravos associados e desfecho dos casos de Tuberculose (TB) recidiva no estado do Pará na Amazônia Brasileira. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo realizado a partir de registros de notificações de casos de recidiva de TB provenientes do SINAN, no período de 2010 a 2021 no estado do Pará, usando a análise do Qui-quadrado. O estudo avaliou as variáveis ​​sociodemográficas, clínicas, doenças associadas e métodos diagnósticos Resultados: No Pará, houve 2.990 casos de recidiva de TB, principalmente em homens de 31 a 45 anos, com TB pulmonar predominante (92%) e comorbidades como AIDS (11%) e alcoolismo (14%). Os diagnósticos mostraram 64% de positividade na baciloscopia, 16,76% na cultura de escarro e 59% de suspeitas em radiografias. Encerramento dos casos: 63,67% curados, 12,79% abandonaram, 2,11% faleceram por TB e 4,29% por outras causas, além de resistência a medicamentos (4,57%). Esses dados destacam a complexidade da TB no Pará, requerendo atenção urgente na saúde pública. Conclusão: A pesquisa revelou altas taxas de recidiva de tuberculose em homens e na forma pulmonar, destacando falhas nos registros, acesso e adesão ao tratamento, evidenciando a necessidade urgente de melhorar a vigilância e cuidados.
Caracterização do atendimento pré-hospitalar às vítimas de agravos por causas externas
Authors: Brandão Paloma de Castro , Silva Itana Carvalho Nunes , Sena Lucas da Cruz , Souza Virgínia Ramos dos Santos , Sampaio Elieusa e Silva , Farias Mariane Teixeira Dantas , Souza Simone Santos , Brandão Miller Fontes , Paiva Edison Ferreira de
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar o atendimento pré-hospitalar às vítimas de agravos por causas externas (CE). Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo elaborado a partir das fichas de atendimentos realizados pelo serviço móvel pré-hospitalar em 2015. As informações foram coletadas através de formulário estruturado e a análise descritiva foi obtida após processamento dos dados em pacote estatístico. Resultados: Houve o total de 184 atendimentos, com predomínio do sexo masculino (57,6%) e faixa etária de 19 a 59 anos (40,3%). Prevaleceram os atendimentos por quedas (48,4%), colisões entre veículos motorizados (27,7%) e agressões (14,7%). O tempo resposta médio foi de aproximadamente 37 minutos com o total de 34,2% das vítimas conduzidas para unidade terciária. Conforme exposto, torna-se imperioso implementar melhorias nos tempos de atendimento, para otimizar a assistências às vítimas de causas externas, iniciando pelos tempos da Central de Regulação das Urgências. Conclusão: Os resultados possibilitaram traçar o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas que sofrem agravos decorrentes das CE atendidas pelo SAMU 192 e as especificações dos atendimentos iniciais. Todo o contexto revelado pela pesquisa permitiu apontar para a necessidade de refletir e intervir em diversos campos da prática assistencial e organizacional no resgate da essência e compressão da necessidade de atendimento precoce e ágil.
Controle dos sintomas com idosos hospitalizados em cuidados paliativos: estratégia centrada na pessoa idosa
Authors: Galvão Ana Karina de Andrade Araújo , Barros Amanda de Oliveira Freire , Melo Hugo Moura de Albuquerque , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o controle dos sintomas dos idosos hospitalizados em Cuidados Paliativos como estratégia para plano de cuidado multidisciplinar centrado na pessoa. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, com 53 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, idade igual ou superior a 60 anos admitidos na enfermaria de onco-hematologia. A coleta de dados foi dividida em três momentos para acompanhamento dos sintomas pela Escala de Avaliação de Sintomas de Edmonton (ESAS) com idosos internados até 96h na enfermaria e registros de evoluções em prontuários pelos profissionais para adequar as condutas de acordo com a sintomatologia. Foram utilizadas escalas de verificação em Cuidados Paliativos, Palliative Care Screening Tool (PCST) e Palliative Performance Scale (PPS). Resultados: Destacam-se três sintomas com maior frequência de relatos: dor (94%), mal-estar (92%) e fadiga (83%). Houve redução significativa nas médias dos escores da ESAS após aplicação de medidas de controle de sintomas pela equipe. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o gerenciamento dos sintomas de forma seriada temporalmente aliado ao plano de cuidados multiprofissional direcionou para uma avaliação fidedigna do idoso pela abordagem paliativa à medida em que a associação de um sintoma ao outro, permitiu a formulação de estratégias para manejo e controle dos sintomas de forma eficaz.
Shezhire as a Worldview Tradition of Kazakh People
Authors: Досмурзинов Р.К.
Published: January 2024

В данной статье проанализировано влияние традиционных народных верований и исламского мирововззрения на развитие устной исторической традиции казахских шежире, содержащих исторические сведения. Новизна научного исследования заключается в том, что исследуются редкие генеалогические легенды и предания, собранные этнографами в период со второй половины XIX в. до начала ХХ в. Целью является определение степени влияния религиозных воззрений на развитие устной исторической традиции шежире, в связи с чем решаются задачи: собрать основные материалы генеалогических схем, легенд, преданий казахского народа, выявить в них проявления религиозных воззрений, таких как анимизм, тотемизм, магия и культ предков; создать классификацию произведений шежире на основе их соотношения с религиозными верованиями казахского народа. Отмечено, что в шежире, наряду с описанием исторических личностей и различных генеалогий, исторических событий, прослеживается влияние религиозного мировоззрения, передается «религиозный дух» исторической эпохи. Применены общенаучные и специальные методы исследования: к общенаучным методам можно отнести описание, анализ, к специальным – историко-генетический, историкосравнительный и историко-типологический методы. Кроме того, в ходе сбора полевого материала относительно устной истории были использованы материалы интервьюирования, проведенного в 2019 г. в рамках этнографической экспедиции ЕНУ им. Л.Н. Гумилева. В результате анализа материалы казахских шежире разделены на четыре взаимосвязанных типа: 1) этногонические легенды и предания, содержащие идею культа предков и анимизма; 2) шежире, отражающие взаимовлияние доисламского и раннего исламского мировоззрения; 3) генеалогические схемы и таблицы, в которых отражены тотемистические воззрения и культ предков; 4) шежире, связанные с кораническими и библейскими сюжетами.
Coarticulation in the Living Speech of the Lamunkhinsky Evens
Authors: Осипов Б.Я.
Published: January 2024

Работа посвящена изучению дополнительной артикуляции при спонтанном произнесении гласных звуков носителями ламунхинского говора эвенского языка. Впервые предпринимается попытка описания вокальной коартикуляции в звуковой системе данного идиома через призму экспериментальной фонетики (ЭФ). Научная новизна обосновывается тем, что в последние десятилетия методологическая база ЭФ значительно продвинулась вперед, поэтому возникла необходимость в современной интерпретации звуковых систем миноритарных языков. Существующее исследование осуществлено с применением современных методов ЭФ – акустического анализа и инструментальной обработки речевого сигнала. Цель состоит в выявлении коартикуляционных процессов, образующихся под воздействием анатомических функций пассивных органов речевого тракта. Задачи: 1) провести анализ теоретических работ по вокализму эвенского языка; 2) опознать (идентифицировать) звукотипы; 3) сегментировать речевой поток; 4) осуществить цифровую визуализацию сегментных единиц; 5) установить резонансные частоты гласных; 6) выполнить фонемную и аллофонную транскрипцию экспериментального материала. Произведена сегментация спонтанных монологов, акустический анализ и письменная передача с использованием знаков МФА звуковых элементов эвенских слов и фраз, предварительно оформленных в спектрографической и осциллографической проекциях автором данной статьи.
Synthesis and properties of polythiophene bearing an alkylsulfonic acid ester at the side chain
Authors: Kuwayama Aika , Yamamoto Sonoka , Sakagami Yuma , Yamagishi Mizuho , Okano Kentaro , Horie Masaki , Funahashi Masahiro , Mori Atsunori
Published: January 2024

Introduction of an alkylsulfonic acid moiety into the side chain of polythiophene was carried out. Synthesis of 2,5-dihalothiophene bearing an alkylsulfonate group at the 3-position was performed. The reaction of 2-chloro-5-iodothiophene with a Grignard reagent to form organometallic monomer of the corresponding thiophene followed by nickel(II)-catalyzed cross-coupling polymerization lead to head-to-tail-type regioregular polythiophene. The ester group at the side chain was converted into alkali metal sulfonate by treatment with NaI or metal hydroxides (Li, Na, K). The obtained metal salts were successfully transformed to sulfonic acid by the treatment with ion exchange resin. The electric conductivity of the regioregular polythiophene bearing sulfonic acid was remarkably improved ca. 102 times from the corresponding metal salts. (106 times higher than sulfonate ester)
Modulating Activity and Selectivity of CO2 Electroreductions at Au-Water Interfaces via Engineering Local Cation Condition
Authors: Qin Xueping , Vegge Tejs , Hansen Heine
Published: January 2024

The mechanistic understanding of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) under electrochemical conditions is crucial for optimizing the overall catalytic performance. While electrolyte ions have received considerable attention, it remains unclear how the condition of interfacial cations modulate the CO2RR and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Herein, we explore CO2 activation and Volmer step representing the critical first electron transfer during CO2RR and HER, respectively. This investigation involves manipulating the cation identity (K+, Li+, and H+) and concentration at Au-water interfaces, which is carried out via the slow-growth sampling approach integrated with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Our results demonstrate that the high local alkali metal cation (AM+) concentration facilitates CO2RR following the order of 2K+ > 1K+ > 2Li+ > 1Li+ > 0AM+, and the highly promoted CO2 activation kinetics originate from the short-range coordination between alkali metal cations and reaction intermediates. However, the interfacial HER behaves very differently with the kinetics order of 1Li+ > 0AM+ > 1K+ > 2Li+ > 2K+, closely related to the interfacial water structures, which are affected by both cation identity and local concentrations. Overall, the activity and selectivity of CO2RR at the Au-water interface can be enhanced by increasing the local cation concentration (K+ > Li+). These findings highlight the critical roles of alkali metal cations and reaction microenvironments in modulating interfacial reaction kinetics.
MS²Rescore 3.0 is a modular, flexible, and user-friendly platform to boost peptide identifications, as showcased with MS Amanda 3.0
Authors: Buur Louise Marie , Declercq Arthur , Strobl Marina , Bouwmeester Robbin , Degroeve Sven , Martens Lennart , Dorfer Viktoria , Gabriels Ralf
Published: January 2024

Rescoring of peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs) has emerged as a standard procedure for the analysis of tandem mass spectrometry data. This emphasizes the need for software maintenance and continuous improvement for such algorithms. We here introduce MS²Rescore 3.0, a versatile, modular, and user-friendly platform designed to increase peptide identifications. Researchers can install MS²Rescore across various platforms with minimal effort and benefit from a graphical user interface, a modular Python API, and extensive documentation. To showcase this new version, we connected MS²Rescore 3.0 with MS Amanda 3.0, a new release of the well-established search engine, addressing previous limitations on automatic rescoring. Among new features, MS Amanda now contains additional output columns that can be used for rescoring. The full potential of rescoring is best revealed when applied on challenging data sets. We therefore evaluated the performance of these two tools on publicly available single-cell data sets, where the number of PSMs was substantially increased, thereby demonstrating that MS²Rescore offers a powerful solution to boost peptide identifications. MS²Rescore's modular design and user-friendly interface make data-driven rescoring easily accessible, even for inexperienced users. We therefore expect MS²Rescore to be a valuable tool for the wider proteomics community. MS²Rescore is available at https://github.com/compomics/ms2rescore.
Isopotential Titration for Quantifying Metal-Adsorbate Charge Transfer
Authors: Hopkins Justin , Wang Shengguang , Oh Kyung-Ryul , Page Benjamin , Canavan Jesse , Chibambo Nondumiso , Walton Amber , Gathmann Sallye , Chalmers Jason , Scott Susannah , Neurock Matthew , Grabow Lars , McKone James , Dauenhauer Paul , Abdelrahman Omar
Published: January 2024

The extent of charge transfer between adsorbed reactants and a catalyst surface plays a key role in determining binding energy and catalytic activity. Here, we describe the technique of ‘isopotential titration’ (IPT) to quantify the magnitude and direction of charge transfer between adsorbates and catalytic surfaces. The method used a ‘catalytic condenser’ device (Pt/C/70 nm HfO2/p++-Si) to evaluate the adsorption of hydrogen on a platinum-on-carbon conductive surface on a HfO2 (70 nm) film on a silicon wafer, with a potentiostat applying fixed (zero) voltage between the conductive Pt/C and silicon wafer layers. Dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on Pt resulted in electron flow through the external circuit from the Pt electrode toward the Si substrate, indicating that adsorbed hydrogen atoms donated electron density to the Pt surface, which then equilibrated with electrons flowing through the potentiostat to the silicon substrate. Desorption of hydrogen from the Pt surface exhibited equal and opposite current flow. The magnitude of the measured charge transfer upon hydrogen adsorption increased with increasing temperature from 100 to 200 °C, consistent with a larger change in H surface coverage at higher temperatures for cycling gaseous H2 partial pressures between 0.5% and 99.999%. Charge transferred from H atoms to the Pt was estimated as 0.17% of an electron donated per adsorbed H atom. The extent of charge transfer was comparable with a computed Bader charge analysis, which calculated an average of 0.4% of an electron transferred from adsorbing H to Pt at high surface coverage. With hydrogen adsorption being an example, isopotential titrations provide a new tool to quantify charge transfer events in heterogeneous catalytic systems.
De-epimerizing DyKAT of β-Lactones Generated by Isothiourea-Catalysed Enantioselective [2+2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Conboy Aífe , Goodfellow Alister , Kasten Kevin , Dunne Joanne , Cordes David , Buehl Michael , Smith Andrew
Published: January 2024

Moderate diastereoselectivity (typically 70:30 dr) is observed in the isothiourea-catalysed [2+2]-cycloaddition of C(1)-ammonium enolates with pyrazol-4,5-diones to generate spirocyclic β lactones, but subsequent ring-opening with morpholine generatesβ hydroxyamide products with enhanced stereoselectivity (up to >95:5 dr). Stereoconvergence is observed in the ring-opening of diastereoisomeric β-lactones, leading to a single product (>95:5 dr, >99:1 er). Mechanistic studies and DFT analysis indicate a substrate controlled Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation (DyKAT) involving epimerisation at C(3) of the β-lactone under the reaction conditions, coupled with a hydrogen bond-assisted nucleophilic addition to the Si face of the β-lactone and stereodetermining ring-opening. The scope and limitations of a one-pot protocol consisting of isothiourea-catalysed enantio-determining [2+2] cycloaddition followed by diastereo-determining ring-opening is subsequently developed. Variation within the anhydride ammonium enolate precursor, as well as N(1)- and C(3)- within the pyrazol-4,5-dione scaffold is demonstrated, giving a range of functionalised β hydroxyamides with high diastereo- and enantiocontrol (>20 examples, up to >95:5 dr and >99:1 er) via this DyKAT.
Fingerprints of Chalcogen Bonding Revealed Through 77Se-NMR
Authors: Fellowes Thomas , Sani Marc , White Jonathan
Published: January 2024

77Se-NMR is used to characterise several chalcogen bonded complexes of derivatives of the organoselenium drug ebselen, exploring a range of electron demand. NMR titration experiments support the intuitive understanding that chalcogen bond donors bearing more electron withdrawing substituents give rise stronger chalcogen bonds. The chemical shift of the selenium nucleus is also shown to move upfield as it participates in a chalcogen bond. Solid-state NMR is used to explore chalcogen bonding in co-crystals. Due to the lack of molecular reorientation on the NMR timescale in the solid state, the shape of the chemical shift tensor can be determined using this technique. A range of co-crystals are shown to have extremely large chemical shift anisotropy, which suggests a strongly anisotropic electron density distribution around the selenium atom. A single crystal NMR experiment was conducted using one of the co-crystals, affording the absolute orientation of the chemical shift tensor within the crystal. This showed that the selenium nucleus is strongly shielded in the direction of the chalcogen bond, and strongly deshielded in the perpendicular direction, consistent with the presence of a second sigma-hole which is not participating in a chalcogen bond.
[n]Cycloparaphenylenes as Compatible Fluorophores for Melt Electrowriting
Authors: Hall Patrick , Reid Harrison , Liashenko Ievgenii , Tandon Biranche , O'Neill Kelly , Lindberg Gabriella , Jasti Ramesh , Dalton Paul
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Fluorescent probes are an indispensable tool in the realm of bioimaging technologies, providing valuable insights into the assessment of biomaterial integrity and structural properties. However, incorporating fluorophores into scaffolds made from melt electrowriting (MEW) poses a challenge due to the sustained, elevated temperatures that this processing technique requires. In this context, we report that [n]cycloparaphenylenes ([n]CPPs) serve as excellent fluorophores for MEW processing with the additional benefit of customizable emissions profiles with the same excitation wavelength. We use three fluorescent blends with distinct [n]CPPs with emission wavelengths of either 466 nm, 494 nm, or 533 nm, identifying 0.01 wt.% as the preferred concentration. We discover that [n]CPPs disperse well within poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and maintain their fluorescence even after a week of continuous heating at 80°C. The [n]CPP-PCL blends show no cytotoxicity and support counterstaining with commonly used DAPI (Ex/Em: 359nm/457nm), rhodamine- (Ex/Em: 542/565 nm), and fluorescein-tagged (Ex/Em: 490/515 nm) phalloidin stains. Using different color [n]CPP-PCL blends, we sequentially deposit different MEW fibers into a semi-woven scaffold and onto a solution electrospun membrane containing [8]CPP as a contrasting substrate for the [10]CPP MEW fibers. In general, [n]CPPs are potent fluorophores for MEW, providing new imaging options for this technology. Introduction