bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEAVY METALS ANALYSIS OF MAI-ALLO POND IN GWALE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Karaye M. M. , Ibrahim H. A.
Published: July 2020

Study of Seven heavy metals namely, Zinc, Lead, Copper, Cadmium, Manganese, Chromium and Nickel was conducted in Mai-Allo pond, Gwale, Kano State in order to assess the concentration of the heavy metals in the pond. The results of the heavy metals showed that Zn has a value of 0.34±0.17 mg-l in the wet season and 0.49±0.37 mg-l in the dry season, Cu has a value of 1.42±0.14 mg-l in the wet season and 0.64±0.09 mg-l in the dry season, and Ni also has 0.12±0.02 mg-l in the wet season and 0.23±0.13 mg-l in the dry season, all these were within acceptable limits, while Pb with a value of 0.05±0.02 mg-l was within the limits during the wet season but during the dry season, the value 0.14±0.09mg-l exceeds the limits. Cd has a value of 0.06±0.01 in the wet season and 0.17±0.12 in the dry season, Cr has 0.36±0.12 in the wet season and 0.04±0.07 in the dry season, and Mn also has values of 0.46±0.12 and 0.22±0.03 in the wet and dry seasons respectively. Hence there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the mean values of the sampling stations of the heavy metals during the wet and dry seasons. The study showed that the pond water was polluted with some heavy metals and hence measures must be taken to ensure the safety of the aquatic ecosystem, humans and the environment.
RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT AT ASHAKA CEMENT COMPANY, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Abba Habu Tela , Babakura Abbas
Published: July 2020

Enhanced natural radioactivity due human activities can be harmful to the environment and human health depending on the amount of exposure. A sensitive gamma spectrometry system consisting of 7.6cm x 7.6cm Nal(Tl) scintillation detector coupled with Canberra series 10 plus multichannel analyzer was used to determine the radioactivity concentration of natural radionuclides 232Th, 238U, and 40K in soil samples collected from the five communities around Ashaka Cement Company. The results obtained showed that the radionuclides are present in the soil samples in varying concentrations ranging from 11.36 Bq kg−1 measured in Badabdi to 98.06 Bq kg−1 in Ashaka Cement for 238U, from 13.21 Bq kg−1 in Jajami to 44.36 Bq kg−1 in Ashaka Cement for 232Th and from 65.50 Bq kg−1 in Gwangila to 415.62 Bq kg−1 in Julgwal Barkono for 40K. Absorb dose rate and annual effective dose rate due to these radionuclides are in the range 36 nGy h−1 in Badabdi to 50 nGy h−1 in Ashaka Cement and 0.132 mSv to 0.194 mSv in Badabdi and Ashaka Cement, respectively.  These results are within global limits recommended by UNSCEAR. Therefore, the environmental matrices around the factory could be used without any restrictions
REMOVAL OF LEAD (Pb2+) IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY ADSORPTION USING SUGARCANE BAGASSE ACTIVATED CARBON COATED WITH MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Muhammad Abdullahi , Sati S. Y. , Usman A. H.
Published: July 2020

An experiment to remove lead (II) ions through adsorption from its aqueous solution   using Sugarcane Bagasse Activated carbon (SBAC) was carried out. As one of the ways employ to reduce the high cost of treatment of industrial effluents.  Agricultural wastes could be considered as suitable material for the production of Activated Carbon due it high carbon contents, environmentally friendly and low cost of production. In this work, activated carbon was produced by chemical activation with sulphuric acid (H2SO4) of sugarcane bagasse materials. It was then coated with magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) prepared by chemical precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ salt from aqueous solution   and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbent for the removal of Lead(II) ion from aqueous solution .The surface morphology, structural and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Shift and disappearance of some adsorption bands in the sugarcane bagasse activated carbon coated with magnetic nanoparticles testify the formation of the composite.  Optical properties were determined using UV Vis spectroscopy shows a wavelength ( of 400nm. Adsorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration of Lead ion and adsorbent dosage were studied. Neutral medium was the optimum pH condition needed for the removal of lead with the percentage removal efficiency of 91%. It was found to be highly efficient at 0.4g of the dosage and at contact time of 60 minutes. This sugarcane bagasse is useful in adsorbing heavy metal in an aqueous solution
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF SCHIFF BASE DERIVED FROM 4-METHYL-o-PHENYLENEDIAMIE AND 2-HYDROXNAPTHALDEHYDE AND ITS METAL (II) COMPLEXES
Authors: Kabir Abdullahi Muhammad , Aliyu Habu Nuhu , Jabbi Abubakar Muhammad , Ishaku Suleiman
Published: July 2020

Schiff base of 4-methyl-o-phenylenediamine and 2-hyroxy-1-napthaldehyde was synthesized and was used to prepare some metal (II) complex by refluxing with Metal (II) chloride ions. The ligand and its complexes were characterized by melting point and decomposition temperature, FTIR, solubility, magnetic susceptibility, conductivity measurement and elemental analysis. The IR spectral data revealed that, the  Schiff base coordinated to the respective metal(II) ion through the azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen due to the shifting  of the azomethine band υ(C = N) from 591cm–1 to 1603 and 1581cm-1 in the spectra of the complexes. The band at 567 and 563cm-1 were due to υ(M–N), and 729-752cm–1 due to υ(M–O) and the infrared spectra of the metal(II) complexes showed strong bands 3443 and 3363cm–1 suggesting the presence of coordinated water in the metal complexes. Molar conductance values determined 9.17 and 10.04W–1cm2mol–1 showed that, the complexes were non-electrolytes. The ligand and its metal (II) complexes are not soluble in water and most organic solvents except DMF and DMSO. The melting point of the ligand and the decomposition temperatures of the metal (II) complexes were 243 and 224oC, which indicated their good thermal stability. The magnetic moment values of the metal (II) complexes obtained were 5.65 and 5.22BM for Mn(II) and Fe(II) complexes. This positive values indicated that they were paramagnetic. The elemental analysis suggested a metal to ligand ratio of 1:2. The antibacterial and antifungal test carried out on the ligand and its metal(II) complexes sowed moderate activity.
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION PROJECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND POVERTY AMONG RICE FARMERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: Balogun O. S. , Damisa M. A. , Yusuf O. , Balogun O. L.
Published: July 2020

The study was carried out to examine the effect of agricultural transformation on the beneficiary’s productivity and poverty of rice farmers in Kano State Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 571 respondents for the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires on respondent’s income, input and output quantities as well as their expenditures. Data were analysis using descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT), Propensity score matching and LATE model. Results from the study shows that respondents productivity revealed a significant difference of about 127 kg/ha in rice productivity between participants and non-participants. Also, the LATE estimates revealed an average treatment effect ATE0 of about 222.98kg/ha. Furthermore, the project had a significant effect N11, 321.4 on the participant’s consumption expenditure than the non-participants N9980.60. Moreover, participants were, able to increase their household total expenditures by N34780 per annum. Fluctuations of input/output prices insect pests and inadequate extension visits were all the major constraints faced by the farmers. It was recommended that farmers’ information and sensitization system should be overhauled and improved. Also, attention should be given to well organize extension visits for the farmers from stake holders
Transgenders' Rights in Malaysia in Light of Maqasid ash-Syariah
Authors: hasmady farhan , Mat Jubri@Shamsuddin Mustafa
Published: July 2020

Transgenders are a marginalized group in many parts of the world including Malaysia. For this reason, some parties have demanded certain rights in favor of the transgenders. The aim of this research is to study the rights of transgender people in Malaysia from the perspective of Maqasid Syariah. The researcher has followed a set of methodologies with which he addressed the topic at hand. Using analytical approach, the researcher discussed the issue of transgenders’ rights and its legitimacy in light of Maqasid Syariah. A field study was also conducted through interviews with transgender people in Kuantan, Pahang. The study concluded with some findings, the most important of which are: the importance of observing the general rights that should be given to all without excluding the transgender community which are the rights that Syariah has prescribed in order to preserve the dignity of human being. As for the rights demanded by transgender activists, they are subject to the view of Shariah in terms of being a means to achieve objectives and goals the Shariah aims for.
Isolasi Sosio-Budaya Masyarakat Orang Asli di Malaysia dan Kesannya Terhadap Pentafsiran Hukum Islam
Authors: Hassan Paiz , Ramli Mohd Anuar
Published: July 2020

Majority of the indigenous people who are the original inhabitants in Malaysia inhibit the remote area of tropical forest which is rich in natural resources. Their lives are separated from the outside community due to several factors such as geography, low literacy, negative perceptions of the surrounding community, and the closed-door attitude of the indigenous people. Consistent preaching activities have changed the faith of the indigenous people from animism orientation towards believing in the Oneness of God. The practice of Islam as a way of life in the lives of indigenous peoples is found to be difficult to practice because the fiqh approach presented to them does not celebrate their local condition. In this regard, this study will examine the socio-cultural isolation of indigenous peoples and their impact on the interpretation of Islamic law. To achieve this objective, the researchers have applied the library research method by referring to the literatures related to the discussion of Islamic scholars in various disciplines of fiqh and usūl al-fiqh. The research found that there is rukhsah and taysir approach given to isolated people as well as with local background to facilitate the religious affairs of the indigenous people. Abstrak Majoriti masyarakat Orang Asli yang merupakan penduduk asal di semenanjung Malaysia mendiami kawasan pedalaman di hutan hujan tropika yang kaya dengan khazanah alam. Kehidupan mereka terasing daripada masyarakat luar disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti geografi, kadar literasi yang rendah, pandangan negatif masyarakat sekitar dan sikap tertutup masyarakat Orang Asli. Gerakan dakwah yang dijalankan secara konsisten telah membawa perubahan kepercayaan sebahagian masyarakat Orang Asli daripada berorientasikan animisme kepada mempercayai Tuhan yang Esa. Pengamalan Islam sebagai cara hidup dalam kehidupan masyarakat Orang Asli didapati agak sukar untuk dipraktikkan lantaran pendekatan fiqh yang disampaikan kepada mereka tidak meraikan suasana setempat mereka. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini akan meneliti keadaan isolasi sosio-budaya masyarakat Orang Asli dan kesannya terhadap pentafsiran hukum Islam. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, pengkaji menggunakan kajian kepustakaan sepenuhnya dengan menelusuri literatur berkaitan dengan perbincangan sarjana Islam dalam pelbagai disiplin ilmu fiqh dan usul fiqh. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat rukhsah dan pendekatan taysir diberikan kepada mereka yang hidup terasing serta berlatar belakang budaya setempat bagi memudahkan urusan keagamaan masyarakat Orang Asli.
Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Different Ceramide and Diacylglycerol Species in Cultured Cells by Using Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Somogyi Anna , Berinkeiné Donkó Mária , Sarnyai Farkas , Becskereki Gergely , Csala Miklós , Tóth Blanka
Published: July 2020

A sensitive, reproducible reverse-phased high performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method with simple sample preparation was developed for the simultaneous determination of a wide range of ceramides, diacylglycerols (DAGs) in cultured cells. Chromatographic separation of the compounds was achieved in a 14-minute run using a C8 column with a gradient elution by methanol and 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Various ceramides, DAGs were detected with a triple quadrupol system in multiple reaction monitoring mode, which is based on a soft positive electrospray ionization. The usual sample preparation process was shortened by the application of pure methanol for the extraction instead of the widely used methanol/chloroform mixture. C17:0 ceramide which does not occur in the cell samples, was used as an internal standard. The sample preparation process was optimized and the methodology was tested on a human hepatocarcinoma cell culture. Our results clearly showed accumulation of some ceramides and DAGs in the cells treated with BSA-conjugated palmitate for 8 hours. Since both ceramides and DAGs are important lipid intermediates and signal messengers, alteration in their cellular levels have major impact on cell functions, and thus our novel analytic method can be widely used in lipotoxicity research. The presented technique can be further developed to measure other intermediates of ceramide synthesis and other derivatives of DAGs as well.
The Achievement of P. S. Allen and the Role of CWE
Authors: Estes James M.
Published: July 2020

La contribution de P. S. Allen et le rôle des "CWE"

Pour juger de la réussite de P. S. Allen dans son édition des Erasmi Epistolae, il faut séparer son travail d'éditeur de son travail d'annotateur. En tant qu'éditeur, il a été le premier à publier le corpus presque intégral de la correspondance subsistant d'Érasme dans un texte fidèle et exact, avec toutes les lettres dans leur ordre chronologique, ce qui représente une œuvre monumentale. Sa réussite en tant qu'annotateur est moins impressionnante. D'un côté, il a donné des informations complètes et précises sur la publication des travaux d'Érasme; il a fourni un grand nombre de renvois très utiles et il a identifié presque toutes les personnes que le texte mentionnait ou auxquelles il faisait allusion. D'un autre côté, ses connaissances en histoire étaient plutôt faibles et par conséquent ses annotations historiques le sont aussi. Souvent, il n'a pas reconnu et identifié des citations et des références bibliques, des références aux ouvrages d'Érasme lui-même et des références à ces œuvres classiques qui n'étaient pas sur la liste standard des lectures scolaires. C'est la réussite éditorale d'Allen dans l'établissement d'un recueil complet et précis des lettres qui a rendu possible la publication de la correspondance dans les CWE. En même temps, parce qu'il n'a pas accomplis tout ce qu'il aurait pu faire comme annotateur, les annotateurs des CWE se retrouvent avec la tâche importante de parachever le travail d'Allen dans ce domaine.
Political risks of recovering and discovering meanings in the collective memory of a perverse religious organisation
Authors: Acuña Aguirre Eduardo
Published: July 2020

This article refers to the political risks that a group of five parishioners, members of an aristocratic Catholic parish located in Santiago, Chile, had to face when they recovered and discovered unconscious meanings about the hard and persistent psychological and sexual abuse they suffered in that religious organisation. Recovering and discovering meanings, from the collective memory of that parish, was a sort of conversion event in the five parishioners that determined their decision to bring to the surface of Chilean society the knowledge that the parish, led by the priest Fernando Karadima, functioned as a perverse organisation. That determination implied that the five individuals had to struggle against powerful forces in society, including the dominant Catholic Church in Chile and the political influences from the conservative Catholic elite that attempted to ignore the existence of the abuses that were denounced. The result of this article explains how the five parishioners, through their concerted political actions and courage, forced the Catholic Church to recognise, in an ambivalent way, the abuses committed by Karadima. The theoretical basis of this presentation is based on a socioanalytical approach that mainly considers the understanding of perversion in organisations and their consequences in the control of anxieties.
CUTTING THE PREVALENCE OF PLAGIARISM IN THE DIGITAL ERA: STUDENT TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON PLAGIARISM IN INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Maimunah Maimunah , Marzulina Lenny , Herizal Herizal , Holandyah Muhamad , Mukminin Amirul , Pratama Robin , Habibi Akhmad
Published: July 2020

It seems that plagiarism has not been seen as misconduct in higher education in some developing countries including in Indonesia which might be affected by cultural, economic, and technological issues. The research aimed at exploring the perceptions of Indonesian student teachers towards plagiarism in four higher education institutions. The research was undertaken as a mixed-method research. Questionnaire and face to face interviews were the instruments to collect data. A paper-based questionnaire was administered to 534 student teachers while face to face interviews were conducted with twenty voluntary participants. The data from the questionnaire were analyzed and presented in the form of percentages, frequencies, and standard deviation while interview data were first analyzed by transcribing the audiotaped interviews into texts, which were then read line-by-line to find and list every significant statement relevant to knowledge of plagiarism definition, research ethic, and research misconduct types, attitudes towards plagiarism, practicing of plagiarism, and reasons of plagiarism among twenty participants. Results showed that most student teachers knew the definition of plagiarism, but they did not know the types of research misconduct. They considered plagiarism as an act of stealing but being unable to avoid in for their study. They tended to do plagiarism because they wanted to save time and they considered about the pressure of their study. Based on the findings of this study, it is important that participants should be required to have more education on plagiarism and its effects and consequences on the ethics of research and education. More strict policies should be implemented to evaluate and supervise plagiarism emerged in Indonesian higher education institutions for undergraduate programs. Keywords: Indonesian higher education, plagiarism in higher education, student teachers, teacher education.
ON THE RESULTS OF USING INTERACTIVE EDUCATION METHODS IN TEACHING PROBABILITY THEORY
Authors: Mezhennaya Natalia M. , Pugachev Oleg V.
Published: July 2020

The impact of a complex of interactive computer algebra system (CAS) based methods with usage of supplementary education materials (e.g., interactive presentations, computer modeling patterns and supplementary home tasks prepared in CAS Mathematica) on the education outcomes in the subject “Probability theory and mathematical statistics” was estimated. A comparative analysis of education outcomes for two groups of third-year students of engineering specialization taught in Bauman Moscow State Technical University was carried out. Group I of 72 students was taught in the year 2016-17 using teaching methods including only lectures and seminars, without usage of supplementary interactive materials. A written control work was chosen as a tool of examination; its results were used as a means of assessment of education outcomes achieved by the students in the first module “Probability theory” of the semester course. The results demonstrated by Group I proved not to be satisfactory for achieving the aims of education: successful continuation of learning the next modules, and further usage in professional practice. After detailed analysis of the students’ works and interviewing them, the basic difficulties in understanding and interpretation of the tasks were clarified. Consequently, Group II of 70 students taught in the year 2017-18 in the same specialization as Group I, was provided with new variants of home tasks and supplementary sets of interactive materials to study on lectures and seminars, as well as for independent study at home. The students of Group II have demonstrated significantly higher outcomes as compared to the students of Group I. Key words: CAS – computer algebra system, CAS Mathematica, education outcomes, education statistics, mathematical education, probability theory, teaching methods.
Asymptomatic COVID-19 or are we missing something?
Authors: Daniells Jazmin K , MacCallum Helen L , Durrheim David N
Published: July 2020

A closer review of the asymptomatic COVID-19 cases recorded during the first pandemic wave in the Hunter New England area found that seven of the 26 ‘asymptomatic’ patients actually had experienced COVID-19-like symptoms, with five reporting symptoms prior to testing on review of all available clinical records. There is a need to delve deeper into the symptom history of ‘asymptomatic’ cases than initially recommended in national guidelines.
Analisis Teori Transparansi Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah di Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: July 2020

Abstract The purpose of transparency is to provide open financial information for the community in order to realize good governance. in order to realize the good governance in relation to the implementation of regional autonomy, it is necessary to reform the management of regional finance and state financial reform. The implementation of regional autonomy in its entirety brings logical consequences in theform of governance and development based on sound financial management.Transparency will ultimately create horizontal accountability between local governments and communities in order to create clean, effective, efficient, accountable and responsive local governance of community aspirations and interests. The facts show that in the management of local budget / finance as if still compiled with the concept of less mature / perfect, in a hurry and finally born prematurely or not well. Regulations that are born prematurely certainly contain various weaknesses and deficiencies and even lack of direction. Moreover, if born in the condition of high political temperature that is the war of interest among agencies who feel authorized to regulate it so that the level of transparency of financial management, especially at the regional level still contains a lot of uncertainty and indecision in providing guidance to the direction of local financial management policy. This has resulted in confusion among local governments in managing their finances. Keywords: analysis, regional finance and transparency Abstrak Tujuan transparansi adalah menyediakan informasi keuangan terbuka bagi masyarakat dalam rangka mewujudkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang baik (Good Governance). dalam rangka mewujudkan good governance tersebut dalam kaitannya dengan pelaksanaan otonomi daerah, maka diperlukan reformasi pengelolaan keuangan daerah dan reformasi keuangan negara. Penerapan otonomi daerah seutuhnya membawa konsekuensi logis berupa penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dan pembangunan berdasarkan manajemen keuangan yang sehat. Pada dasarnya penerapan prinsip transparansi keuangan sangat membantu penyusunan anggaran pemerintah daerah (RAPBD) yang objektif dan berkualitas. Prinsip akuntabilitas dan transparansi keuangan diyakini dapat mendukung usaha mewujudkan pilar-pilar penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang bersih dan berwibawa. Tingkat transparansi pengelolaan keuangan khususnya di tingkat daerah masih banyak mengandung ketidakjelasan dan ketidaktegasan dalam memberikan pedoman kepada arah kebijakan pengelolaan keuangan daerah. Hal ini mengakibatkan kebingungan pemerintah daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangannya. Kata kunci: analisis, keuangan daerah dan transaparansi
Politik dan Birokrasi Pemerintahan
Authors: Ramadhanti Rika
Published: July 2020

Politik dan Birokrasi pemerintahan adalah dua hal yang tidak bisah dipisahkan tetapi merupakan dua hal yang berbeda, meskipun kehadiran politik dalam birokrasi pemerintahan tidak bisa dihindari. Begitu juga sebaliknya didalam birokrasi pemerintahan tidak hanya didominasi oleh birokrat saja, tetapi juga diberika ruang bagi institusi politik. Max Weber berpendapat bahwa birokrasi itu dibentuk independen dari kekuatan politik. Ia berada diluar atau diatas aktor-aktor politik yang saling berkompetisi satu sama lain. Birokrasi diposisikan sebagai kekuatan yang netral dengan artian birokrasi bukan dalam hal lebih condong mau menjalankan kebijakan atau perintah dari kekuatan yang sedang memerintah, sedangkan kepada kekuatan politik lainnya tidak mau. Akan tetapi birokrasi diutamakan kepada kepentingan negara dan rakyat secara keseluruhan sehingga siapapun kekuatan politik yang memerintah birokrat dan birokrasi memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepadanya.
Implementasi Pembangunan Desa Pulau Padang Kecamatan Singingi Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Muharam Sahri , Emharis Emilia
Published: July 2020

Berdasarkan konsepsi pemerintahan daerah yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 pada Pasal 18 menyatakan bahwa “Pembagian daerah Indonesia atas daerah besar dan kecil dengan bentuk susunan pemerintahannya ditetapkan dengan Undang-undang”. Sedangkan pemerintahan desa tertuang dalam Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 adalah merupakan subsistem dalam sistem penyelenggaraan pemerintahan nasional, sehingga Desa memiliki kewenangan untuk mengatur dan mengurus kepentingan masyarakatnya, hal ini bermakna bahwa pemerintahan desa mendapat perhatian serius dalam membina masyarakat Desa. Desa yang merupakan satu kesatuan masyarakat hukum yang memiliki kewenangan untuk menaatur dan mengurus kepentingan masyarakat seternpat berdasarkan asal-usul dan adat istiadat setempat yang diakui dalam sistem pemerintahan nasional dan berada di daerah Kabupaten.Desa pulau padang telah melaksakan pembangunan jalan maupun pengadaan ATK untuk memudakan masyarakat  mengurus Aministrasi.minim angaran pembangunan berdampak langsung kepada masyarakat.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENGANGKUTAN SAMPAH DI KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2017
Authors: Solihin Muhammad , Parlindungan Ronald
Published: July 2020

Permasalahan pengangkutan sampah di Kota Batam menjadi masalah utama pemerintah karena gap tonase sampah dan armada pengangkut yang tidak berimbang sehingga menyebabkan tidak terangkutnya sampah di TPS hingga menimbulkan bau dan sumber penyakit. Manfaat penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan pemerintah khususnya Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Batam, Bagi masyarakat penelitian ini memberikan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang implementasi pengangkutan sampah di Kota Batam. Metode penelitian mengunakan pedekatan kualitatif dengan analisa deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Oktober 2018. Tempat penelitian di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Batam. Tempat lain di lokasi Mitra pengangkutan sampah. Sumber data dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengeumpulan data dengan mengunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data mengunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dan Pembahasan pada indicator input terdiri dari (1) Peraturan Daerah yang menjadi panduan Hukum, (2) Organisasi Pelaksana terdiri dari DLH Kota Batam, Kecamatan, dan Mitra, dan (3) Sumberdaya terdapat sumberdaya manusia, armada pengangkutan dan keuangan. Indicator output, (1) Akses, (2) Frekuensi (3) Cakupan, (4) Bias, dan (5) Ketepatan layanan secara umum dilakukan dengan baik walaupun terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu menjadi perhatian. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan umumnya berjalan baik namun ada permasalahan krusial yakni kondisi lingkungan dan sumberdaya yang perlu ditingkatkan terus menerus sesuai dengan kondisi tonase.Kesimpulan pengangkutan sampah di Kota Batam pada Tahun 2017 sekitara 82 persen sampah telah ditanggulangi oleh Pemerintah dengan baikkecuali Kecamatan Belakang Padang, Galang Baru dan Bulang. Ada beberapa masalah teknis pengangkutan yang mesti diperhatikan seperti jumlah dan perawatan armada, jumlah satuan tugas, bin container yang tidak memakai tutup dan lain-lain. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan, perlu ditingkatkan kesadaran masyarakat melalui sosialiasi dan lebih meminimalkan rumah liar, sumberdaya perlu ditingkatkan sesuai dengan kondisi tonase.
IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG PEMILIHAN UMUM NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2017 DALAM PENETAPAN PARTAI POLITIK PESERTA PEMILU DI KOTA BATAM TAHUN 2019
Authors: Sabara Johan , Rasal Amrullah
Published: July 2020

Pemiihan Umum tahun 2019 adalah pemilihan umum serentak untuk memilih DPR, Presiden/Wakil Presiden, DPD, DPRD Propinsi dan DPRD Kabupaten Kota. Salah satu tahap dalam Melaksanakan Pemilu tersebut adalah pendaftaran partai politik yang akan mengikuti pemilu melalui verifikasi administrasi dan verifikasi faktual. KPU telah menentukan 16 Partai Politik yang akan mengikuti pemilu tahun 2019. Metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi kasus. Penelitian yang akan mencoba menggambarkan kenyataan serta keadaan objek yang diteliti secara faktual dan akurat untuk dianalisis secara mendetail. Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 7 tahun 2017 dalam penetapan partai politik peserta pemilu di Kota Batam tahun 2019 meliputi kerjasama lintas organisasi, standar dan sasaran kebijakan,  sumber daya, kondisi social ekonomi dan politik masyarakat serta disposisi implementor. Untuk beberapa hal tertentu masih perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih serius terutama dalam pemberian pembinaan secara berkelanjutan agar penanganannya bisa lebih efektif.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PEREDARAN COMPACT DISK (CD) BAJAKAN DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Handayani Pristika
Published: July 2020

Peredaran CD bajakan salah satunya sangat marak dan mudah didapatkan, termasuk di kaki lima atau pinggir jalan. Ketimpangan harga menjadi salah satu penyebab maraknya pembajakan CD, komsumen yang hendak menikmati dengan harga murah akan lebih tertarik untuk membeli daipada harus membeli yang asli atau original, sehingga memacu para pembajak untuk memperbanyak CD bajakan. Undang-Undang HKI yaitu No. 28 Tahun 2014 dan kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana menjadi salah satu solusi untuk pencegahan akan terjadinya penyalahgunaan hak cipta.
ШЕСТЬ ЛЕКЦИЙ О ПРЕДОТВРАЩЕНИИ ЭНЦЕФАЛИТНЫХ ЭПИДЕМИЙ В СИБИРИ
Authors: Гольдфарб Лев
Published: July 2020

Данный обзор обобщает работу больших групп исследователей, направленную на предотвращение двух типов энцефалитных эпидемий в Сибири. Первые три лекции подытоживают усилия по изучению и предотвращению эпидемий клещевого энцефалита (КЭ) в Кемеровской области, Западная Сибирь. Исследование позволило создать математическую модель, которая детально характеризует эпидемический процесс при КЭ и предлагает количественный подход к разработке стратегии по предотвращению эпидемий. Десятилетние усилия по борьбе с КЭ в Кемеровской области привели к значительному и устойчивому снижению заболеваемости и смертности. Пятьдесят лет спустя предложенная стратегия всё ещё не апробирована в других эндемичных регионах, хотя заболеваемость КЭ за прошедшие десятилетия почти удвоилась, унося сотни жизней. Второе заболевание, описанное здесь, Вилюйский энцефаломиелит (ВЭМ), был впервые обнаружен 150 лет назад в нескольких небольших посёлках Восточной Сибири. Позднее болезнь распространилась в густонаселенные районы Республики Саха (Якутия), достигнув масштабов эпидемии. Три лекции предлагают обзор многолетних исследований по клинической характеристике, патологии, патогенезу, этиологии и эпидемиологии ВЭМ. Кроме того, впервые сообщается о том, что продолжительная госпитализация пациентов в острой и подострой фазах заболевания предотвратила передачу болезни восприимчивым членам их семей и общин и привела к прекращению дальнейшего распространения этого смертельного заболевания. ВЭМ является новым примером локальной болезни, которая распространилась на большую территорию и, потенциально, могла проникнуть в граничащие с ней регионы и другие страны, если бы не была своевременно остановлена. Предлагаемый обзор основан на серии лекций, прочитанных для разных аудиторий в разное время. Цель обзора - показать подходы к решению проблем, изложить основные результаты усилий по предотвращению энцефалитных эпидемий и, по возможности, отразить индивидуальный вклад каждого исследователя.
INTRODUCTION to a special issue of the journal "Siberian research": "Six lectures on the prevention of encephalitis epidemics in Siberia"
Authors: Tikhonov Dmitrii , Vladimirtsev Vsevolod
Published: July 2020

The Editorial Board received a letter from Professor Lev Goldfarb (Rockville, Maryland, USA) requesting to publish the manuscript "Six lectures on the prevention of encephalitis epidemics in Siberia" (the texts of reviews are attached in additional files of the online version of the journal). We decided to publish the materials in a special issue and devote the June 2020 issue of the journal to the elimination of the incidence of Viliuisk encephalomyelitis (VEM) in Eastern Siberia. The author of the lectures provides analysis of factors that led to the elimination of the incidence of VEM.
THE CLASSIFICATION OF LAND ACCORDING TO THE DEGREE OF RABBIT INFESTATION IN CENTRAL OTAGO
Authors: Kerr I.G.C. , Williams J.M. , Ross W.D. , Pollard J.M.
Published: July 2020

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) introduced into New Zealand in the 183Os, has consistently flourished in Central Otago, the upper Waitaki, and inland Marlborough, all areas of mediterranean climate. It has proved difficult to manage in these habitats. The 'rabbit problem' is largely confined to 105,000 ha of low producing land mostly in semi arid areas of Central Otago. No field scale modifications of the natural habitat have been successful in limiting rabbit numbers. The costs of control exceed the revenue from the land and continued public funding for control operations appears necessary. A system for classifying land according to the degree of rabbit proneness is described. Soil survey and land classification information for Central Otago is related to the distribution and density of rabbits. This intormation can be used as a basis for defining rabbit carrying capacity and consequent land use constraints and management needs. It is concluded that the natural rabbit carrying capacity of land can be defined by reference to soil survey information and cultural modification to the natural vegetation. Classification of land according to rabbit proneness is proposed as a means of identifying the need for, and allocation of, public funding tor rabbit management. Keywords: Rabbit habitat, rabbit proneness, use of rabbit prone land.
BULL BEEF PRODUCTION
Authors: Cassells J. , Matthews P.N.P.
Published: July 2020

The development of a 74 hectare bull beef productlon system is outlined. With pasture development regarded as a high priority techniques used to apply sufficient grazing pressure to change pasture composition are discussed. The combination of stock classes and pasture management changes has allowed a dramatic increase in the proportion of ryegrass and white clover in the sward. Currently a slightly modified one year bull beef system 1s being operated. Spring calves (140) are farmed through to 16-18 months of age and in addition autumn reared calves (60) are taken through to slaughter at 19-20 months. Performance and management objectives are given for this producton system and fhe key factors relating to their practical implementation are discussed.
SEASONAL AND SHEEP GRAZING MANAGEMENT EFFECTS ON BRANCHING STRUCTURE AND DRY WEIGHT OF WHITE CLOVER PLANTS IN MIXED SWARDS
Authors: Hay M.J.M. , Brock J.L. , Thomas V.J. , Knighton M.V.
Published: July 2020

Swards that had been either set stocked (SS) or rotationally grazed (RG) for five years were sampled monthly over two years by removing turves. The uncut white clover plants were then washed out, classified by branching structure (lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th order) and then dissected into stolon and leaf before drying and weighing Under both managements stolon dry weight per plant and branching structure of the population each indicated a strong seasonal shift from larger plant size during summer, autumn and winter (February, 109 mg stolon DW/plant, 7% of population 1st branching order) to a preponderance of smaller plants in spring (October, 41 mg stolon DW/plant, 30% of population 1st branching order). Grazing management affected stolon DW per plant (means. RG 106 mg. SS 53 mg) but had little effect on branching structure. However, in spring, under RG management proportions of 1st branching order plants in the population were higher for a longer period than under SS management. The simpler structure of plants in spring is thought to increase the vulnerability of the white clover population to adverse conditions at this time. While RG management allowed white clover to better utilize favourable growth conditions, it also increased the susceptibility of the population to large declines during stress periods; SS management reduced the potential for growth, but enhanced stability during stress periods. Hence where environmental conditions are unpredictable SS rather than RG management will favour retention of white clover in the sward. The seasonal and grazing management effects reported are likely to occur across a wide range of environments. Keywords: Trifolium repens, individual plants, plant size, seasonal variation, branching.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOIL FERTILITY, PASTURE BOTANICAL COMPOSITION, AND PASTURE GROWTH RATE; FOR A NORTH ISLAND LOWLAND PASTURE
Authors: Matthew C. , Tillman R.W. , Hedley M.J. , Thompson M.C.
Published: July 2020

Soil chemical fertility, pasture composition and pasture production data were collected for seven 'microsites' within two farmlets at Massey University's No. 1 sheep farm. Palmerston North. The two farmlets had been maintained for twenty years at stocking rates of 26 and 16 su/ha, and were found to have gradients (presumed to result from sheep grazing and camping behaviour) of increasing soil fertility away from a road and towards a shelterbelt. Microsites were placed along these gradients to include contrasting fertility levels for the two stocking rates. Mean values for soil pH, Olsen P and 'quicktest' K tiller density for the various pasture species and pasture production at each of the seven microsites are presented. A microsite where Olsen P = 109 was barley grass dominant and produced 10.5 t DM/ha/year. For other microsites ryegrass tillers per m2 increased with P and stocking rate; and white clover and sweet vernal growing points/tillers per m2 decreased with increasing P. Production ranged from 9.9 t DM/ha/year where Olsen P = 14 to 19.1 t DM/ha/year with different seasonal timing where Olsen P = 66.
POST=DROUGHT REFLECTIONS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF DECISION MAKING
Authors: Harvie A.G.
Published: July 2020

To optimise production at reduced input costs, retain flexibility and continue farming profitably has never been more difficult for farmers, or more important. Retaining the motivation to consistently achieve and the importance of decision making under pressure are two vitally important factors to continued profitability. With a succession of climatic adversities hitting the nation over recent years, it has become increasingly obvious that for many to survive, a major change in attitude is needed. With cash-flow being unpredictable and lumpy, no protective devices previously enjoyed and no cash reserves to fall back on, there is little room for complacency. The last major drought in the Hawke's Bay region highlighted the need for farmers to become aware of the value of decision making. This paper uses drought as the medium to convey the importance of planning and decision making on performance, production and income, as it is a common adversity to which most in the industry can relate. This paper demonstrates the crucial part decision making plays in mitigating the worst effects of drought to ensure a speedy return of normal stock carrying and continuity of income. Keywords: drought, decision making, planning
ON-FARM INVESTIGATIVE DEVELOPMENT: A PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN FARMERS, CONSULTANTS AND SCIENTISTS
Authors: Keoghan J.M. , Allan B.E. , Chapman H.M. , Fraser W.J. , Bates J. , Bookes J. , Wardel R. , Inder S.B. , Kane A.
Published: July 2020

An on-farm investigative development approach is advocated and described as a relevant method to improve industry awareness and understanding of alternative pasture species and cultivars for South Island hill and high country pastoral systems and thereby improve their currently slow or sporadic rate of adoption. On-farm investigative development trials aim at effectively bridging gaps between plant breeder, agronomist, consultant and farmer. They closely integrate research objectives and extension through the establishment of large-scale experiments with pasture plants and pasture systems on farms, in close co-operation with key farmers. They are of sound experimental design and yet large enough to be defined as a production system, contributing significantly to the livestock feeding goals of the ccroperating farmer. Such trials are an integral part of the cc-operative (DSIR/MAF) Lotus corniculatus breeding programme. Three of them, each located in ,a different environmental/geographic zone, are described. Keywords: Large-scale trials, alternative pasture species, Lotus corniculatus, plant breeding/ plant selection, South Island hill and high country.
Compound or phrase or in between? Testing linguistic criteria for compoundhood in English
Authors: Ziering Patrick , van der Plas Lonneke
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we present an empirical study on the definition of compounds in English, the graded nature of the phenomenon and its correlations with the commonly used linguistic criteria for compoundhood. We create a resource that includes a diverse set of nominal compounds identified by two trained independent annotators in sentences from the proceedings of the European Parliament. In addition, the annotators provide ratings on the compoundhood of the identified compounds, and ratings for the applicability of six prominent linguistic criteria of compoundhood for each item. We show the controversy of defining compounds in practice by comparing the annotations of two annotators, and the graded nature of compoundhood. By measuring the correlation between compoundhood and the six diverse linguistic criteria using machine learning techniques, we show that some linguistic criteria are stronger predictors of compoundhood than others.
IMPLEMENTASI PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TENAGA PENDIDIK PADA AKADEMI KEPERAWATAN RUMKIT TKT. III TELING MANADO SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Sururama Rahmawati
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Human Resource Management Higher education emphasizes the intricate parts of the figure of a lecturer as an ordinary human and intellectual community group (educated) that can be elaborated in scientific and cultural studies (Arwildayanto, 2013). Based on the above problems the researcher took the title “Implementation of Human Resource Development Teachers at the Academy of Nursing Rumkit Tkt. III Teling Manado” so that future every lecturer can meet academic qualification standards in order to improve the quality of college. Through the preliminary observations that have been carried out in the Academy of Nursing Tkt. III Teling Manado that the existing problems are still lack of permanent lecturers, educational qualifications and lecturer status that has not been in accordance with the competency standards of the existing lecturers as many as nine people but who qualify only three people, others have not studied S-2. This research is designed using qualitative descriptive research method.Data collection techniques and procedures in this study besides observation, interviews and documentation, this study also used triangulation data collection techniques. The focus of this research is the Implementation of Human Resource Development lecturer At Nursing Academy Rumkit Tkt. III Teling Manado “. The findings obtained: 1. Development brings changes in behavior toward specialization, differentiation and professionalism of teaching staff in the field of teaching, personal, social and professional. 2.Upaya maintain consistency of professional ability of educator done both by educator and institute of college iu herself, so that result optimally to improvement of professionalism of educator can sustainable.

Keywords: implementation, human resource development, educators
Productivity of perennial herbs on peat-mineral soils in the conditions of Polesie
Authors: Soroka Andrey , Kostyuchenko Natal'ya , Gaponyuk Andrey
Published: July 2020

The results of studies on the productivity of perennial grasses on peat-mineral soil of Polesye are presented. Sowing alfalfa turned out to be the most productive crop among perennial leguminous herbs. Pasture legumes and grasses were slightly different in productivity. The introduction of an additional bean component in pasture mixtures did not contribute to a significant increase in the productivity of perennial herbs.
Formation of productive phytocenoses of a long period of use with the improvement of degenerate grass stands
Authors: Shipilov Ivan
Published: July 2020

Based on long-term research in the dry steppe zone, recommendations are given for improving low-productive meadow phytocenoses based on the selection of adaptive perennial legumes and cereals, low-cost methods of surface improvement. It was found that the restored grasslands provide up to 13.0–15.0 t/ha of high-quality green mass, which exceeds the productivity of unimproved grounds by 2.4–2.9 times.
Specificity of development of agricultural industrial complex of Kirov region
Authors: Sitnikov Nikolay
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the results of the activities of the agro-industrial complex of the Kirov region in 2019, identifies the factors restraining the growth of economic efficiency of agricultural production, and suggests directions for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region.
Influence of the method of sowing and seeding rate on the yield of alfalfa in the south of Belarus
Authors: Ptashec Ol'ga , Luchenok Lyudmila
Published: July 2020

The results of studies on the influence of agrotechnological techniques on the productivity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), cultivation on agro-peat soils in the south of Belarus were presented. It was established that the yield of green mass on average over 4 years of life was 393.6–517.9 c / ha when sown under cover and 494.3–629.8 centners ha-1 with coverless sowing. Productivity — 56.5–75.1 and 69.5–89.7 centners ha-1, respectively. A positive correlation between the increase in the yield and productivity of the grass stand with an rise in the seeding rate and doses of fertilizers applied was noted.
Results of evaluating the perspective variety of lotus corniculatus in the competitive variety test
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana , Kurdakova O.
Published: July 2020

The results of approbation a promising variety-number of bird's-foot trefoil G-1 in the nursery of competitive varietal testing for two years of use are presented.