bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Tourism in the Mykolaiv Region
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Oliynyk T.G.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The article reveals the current state of the tourism industry in the Mykolaiv region. It was determined that the tourism industry is one of the areas that has the greatest impact on the development of the economy and social life of the country. It was revealed that in recent years the development of tourism in Ukraine, including in the Mykolaiv region, was affected by such events as the coronavirus disease СОVID-19 and the full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine, which continues to this day. Purpose. To study and research the current state of tourism development in the Mykolaiv region. Results. It has been established that the natural resources and geographical features of the territory are extremely important for the development of the tourism industry. Due to the peculiarity of natural conditions, the Mykolaiv region is located within two physical and geographical zones - forest-steppe and steppe. It was revealed that the current state of tourism development includes an assessment of tourist flow conditions, an assessment of the dynamics of tourists served by tour operators and tour agents, and the distribution of tourists by purpose of stay. It was established that the distribution of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents, according to the purpose of the trip and types of tourism, is focused on recreation and leisure, with sports tourism taking the second place. Conclusions. The Mykolaiv region has natural, historical, cultural and infrastructural prerequisites for the development of tourism. The region has a rich cultural and natural heritage, but this potential is not sufficiently used by tourism companies, all of them mainly work on outbound tourism.
Trends in the Development of the World and Ukrainian Markets of Cosmetic Hroducts
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Parkhomenko Nataliia
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The question of the development of product markets, changes, trends, features, and influencing factors is of primary importance in international business from the point of view of marketing research for entering new markets or business expansion. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to monitor the functioning of the global and Ukrainian market of cosmetic products and to determine the main trends in their development. Results. As a result of research into the world market of cosmetic products, the following trends are observed: growth in the sales of Korean cosmetic products, growth in the production and sales of ecological cosmetics, the target audience of the market is expanding, the popularity of the promotion and sales of cosmetic products using Internet technologies is increasing, there is a decline in the demand for decorative cosmetics, the demand for products of the premium segment is decreasing, while the demand for products of the cheap price segment is increasing. Similar trends are also taking place in the Ukrainian market, namely the growth in demand for cosmetics based on natural ingredients, a significant increase in online sales of cosmetics. Conclusions. Therefore, international business entities working in the cosmetics market should take into account the trends of the world and domestic markets, focus on customer requests, and significantly develop the online promotion and sales system, using the latest information technologies in international marketing.
Позитивна психологія як інструмент мотивації персоналу підприємств
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Poltorak Anastasiia
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. In the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, the problem of effective application of positive psychology as a tool for motivating the personnel of enterprises is relevant and important. The general state of stress from the existence of a constant threat to the national security and territorial integrity of Ukraine affects the psychological state of enterprise personnel, in particular, the motivation to work. The use of positive psychology as a tool for motivating staff can contribute to raising the morale of employees, strengthen their faith in their own strength and the positive result of their work, and reduce the risk of burnout at work in this difficult period for the country. In these conditions, the problem of effective application of positive psychology as a tool for motivating the personnel of enterprises is important and meets the current needs of society. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles and practical approaches to the application of positive psychology as a tool for motivating the personnel of enterprises. Results. The main principles of applying positive psychology as a tool for motivating the personnel of enterprises are systematized. The global experience of the effective application of positive psychology as a tool for motivating the personnel of enterprises has been studied, namely: the «Googliness» program and the principle of «20% time on one's own project» of the Google company; positive psychology programs to increase staff motivation and Zappos' «responsible leisure» practices; Marriott International's «Positive Workplace» program aimed at improving the working environment and increasing staff satisfaction; Adobe Systems' Check-In program. The main techniques of positive thinking and optimism, which can be useful for increasing staff motivation, are summarized. Conclusions. It is concluded that the application of elements of positive psychology in the personnel policy of the enterprise can help to increase the motivation of employees, improve productivity and ensure job satisfaction.
Statistical Marketing Efficiency in a Complex of Behavioral Economics and Marketing
Authors:   Sandal Institute, Riabchenko І.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Behavioral economics is an essential tool for understanding and predicting the behavior of consumers and organizations and can be used to support the development of innovative marketing strategies. This article examines the role of behavioral economics in marketing and explores the concept of statistical marketing efficiency (SME) to measure marketing campaigns' effectiveness. By analyzing the behavior of consumers and organizations and using techniques such as “SME”, marketers can better understand the factors that influence purchasing decisions and create more effective marketing strategies. Purpose. The article generalizes the theoretical and practical aspects of behavioral economics in the modern world, marketing activities. This study developed marketing tools for evaluating marketing activities. Results. This research has examined the impact of various factors on consumer behavior and the effectiveness of different marketing strategies in different market segments. We have also explored the relationship between behavioral economics and marketing efficiency and the importance of considering consumer behavior when developing marketing campaigns. Our analysis has demonstrated the value of using statistical techniques such as “SME” to measure the effectiveness of marketing efforts. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of considering consumer behavior in marketing and the value of using behavioral economics and statistical analysis to support the development of effective marketing strategies. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the justification of the theoretical and practical foundations of forming an effective tool for determining the effectiveness of marketing activities, namely: 1. The concept of behavioral economics as a component of marketing was defined and clarified. 2. A methodology was developed for evaluating the effectiveness of marketing activities.
Models of Bankruptcy Risk Analysis
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Usykova Olena
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The article discloses the essence of models for analyzing the risk of bankruptcy of economic agents which serve as preventive measures of crisis management. It has been established that bankruptcy risk can be analyzed according to several aspects: static analysis of bankruptcy risk using the balance sheet; functional analysis of bankruptcy risk using the functional balance sheet; analysis of bankruptcy risk through the use of the scoring method. Three European models of bankruptcy risk analysis are analyzed within the framework of the paper: Bărbuță-Mișu & Madaleno, Lukason & Laitinen, Niţoi, Clichici & Moagăr-Poladian. Purpose. Research of modern models of enterprise bankruptcy risk analysis. Results. The process of diagnosing the risk of bankruptcy consists in assessing the company's ability to fulfill obligations taken by third parties, and therefore in assessing the company's solvency. In recent years, due to the inherent dynamism of the economic and financial activities of companies, it has become more than necessary to obtain accurate information about the risk of bankruptcy in the future. Conclusions. All economic entities are exposed to the risk of bankruptcy. This risk can have negative consequences with complex consequences both for the entire activity of the entity and for other entities with which it comes into contact. Bankruptcy risk can be analyzed from different perspectives: static bankruptcy risk analysis using the financial balance sheet, bankruptcy risk analysis using the functional balance sheet, and bankruptcy risk analysis using scoring.
Peculiarities of the Development of the Stock Exchange of Ireland During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Full-Scale Invasion of the Russian Army on the Sovereign Territory of Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Fedevich Lyudmila
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The market of securities is an important component of the financial market. Undoubtedly, the stock market is one of the most important parts of the economy of any country. With its help, the transfer of investment resources and capital from one branch to another is carried out, that is, there is automatic regulation of investment processes in the economy of the country and regions. Purpose. As, more correctly and efficiently the stock market will work, and then faster and more intensively the country's economy will develop. The need to study the stock exchange as a subject of the stock market is determined by the fact that to ensure the normal development of the economy, the mobilization of temporarily free funds of legal entities and individuals is required, as well as distribution and redistribution on a commercial basis between various sectors of the economy. These processes are carried out through stock exchanges in the securities market. Accordingly, the circulation of capital occurs in this market, and some business entities create savings, while others feel the need for additional financial resources in order to expand their activities. Ireland is different from Great Britain, has not left the European Union, and therefore is more connected to the European stock market than the United Kingdom. Considering the above is why the issues of stock market development remain very relevant today for any country. The Irish Stock Exchange General Index (ISEQ) is a major stock market index that tracks the performance of all (excluding UK listed) companies listed on the Irish Stock Exchange [5]. Results. This study examined the work of the Irish Stock Exchange, one of the oldest stock exchanges in the world. We have analyzed the main indices of the Irish Stock Exchange ISEQ and ISEQ20 for 2022. Conclusions. Based on this analysis, forecasts and conclusions were made regarding the trend of the ISEQ and ISEQ20 indices. Certainly, the main criteria that will influence the trend of these indices in 2023 are the geopolitical situation, which is developing against the background of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine, the aggravation of the crisis in the energy market, and inflationary processes in the world.
Determіnants of Economіc Development of Agrіculture in Ukraіne
Authors:   Odessa State Agrarіan Unіversіty, Shevchenko Alіsa
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The agricultural sector is an important component of the economy of Ukraine and has a decisive influence on the socio-economic development of the regions and the general standard of living of the population. Ukraine is one of the leading producers of agricultural products in the world, but at the same time, the country's agriculture has significant problems, such as low production efficiency, backwardness of technologies, insufficient financing, underdeveloped infrastructure, and others. The study of the determinants of the economic development of agriculture in Ukraine will help determine the key factors that influence the development of this industry and develop effective measures to improve its condition. Such factors include the political situation, human resources, legal support, the level of technological equipment, the level of state support, the degree of competition in the market, and others. Purpose. The purpose of the artіcle іs to reveal the іnfluence of the maіn determіnants on the economіc development of agrіculture іn Ukraіne. Results. According to the results of the conducted research, the priority factors of the economic development of agriculture in Ukraine are outlined: balanced state regulation; creation of incentives for the development of small and mediumsized enterprises engaged in agricultural production products by encouraging them to invest in startups, as well as in innovative modern technologies; unification of farmers into production and service agricultural cooperatives; increase in the specific weight of livestock products in the structure of Ukraine's GDP; transition to resource-saving and energy-saving production technologies products; increasing the production of ecologically safe products; compliance with the principles of circular economy. Conclusіons. The economic development of agriculture is formed and ensured by determinants that have a tendency to change, influence in a specific period of time or in a specific situation. The principles of agricultural development in the field of production organization are the balance of its development according to economic, technological, social and ecological determinants. In modern conditions, the political and legal determinant is gaining increasing importance. This proves the need for constant monitoring of such changes.
РERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Ranskiy Anatolii , Titov Taras
Published: July 2023

. Тhе development of synthetic organic chemistry is always determined bу creating of new compounds and application in medicine (pharmaceutics), production of cleaning, cosmetic remedies and nutrient additives. The production and application of such compounds are of minimum harm for people and environment regarding to special toxicological and sanitary requirements are concerned. However, multi-tonnage production of lacquers, dyes, rubber, pesticides, disinfectors, plastics, mineral and synthetic lubricants and their stabilizers, industrial surfactants and detergents, fluorocarbons, organometallic compounds make a great harm to environment. In this article the physico-chemical and toxicological characteristics of the most important persistent organic pollutants (РОР) have been described. The possible approaches and technologies of РОР disposal have bееn considered іn the framework of Stockholm Convention. Research show that when determining the most appropriate method of POPs detoxification, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to technological, some more economic and social factors, pay attention to ensuring human health.
THE USE OF SPENT SORPTION MATERIALS FOR THE TREATMENT OF FOOD INDUSTRY WASTEWATER
Authors: Zalevska Olha , Dzihovska Lilia , Sakalova Halyna
Published: July 2023

A significant number of sorbents used in the food industry are not reused due to the complexity of their regeneration and significant material costs. They are often stored on the territory of the enterprise or taken to landfills, usually without authorization. Today, it is important to study the regeneration and reuse of sorbents used in food production. It is promising to use sorbents previously used at the stage of water treatment or preparation of technological solutions and regenerated in wastewater treatment, in particular, in the same food production facilities and in other industries where wastewater contains organic substances. The article investigates the reuse of a spent sorbent mixture consisting of activated carbon and kieselguhr for the treatment of wastewater from dairy processing enterprises. The results of experimental studies of the dynamics of ion exchange adsorption of lactic acid and alanine by mixed sorbent and spent sorbent under periodic conditions are given. According to the results of the study, the difference in cleaning efficiency for the two options is insignificant and amounts to about 3%, which is within the experimental error. It is shown that the sorption of pollutant components of wastewater of milk processing enterprises by cheap sorbents, which include regenerated sorbents, is one of the most promising because of their high efficiency, low cost of treatment, and the possibility of further use of spent sorbents in agriculture.
THERMAL TREATMENT AS A METHOD OF REMEDIATION OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH PESTICIDES
Authors: Phorostianenko Oleksandr , Petruk Halyna
Published: July 2023

Thermal treatment of pesticide-contaminated soil is one of the effective methods of purifying soil from harmful pollution. Since pesticides have a harmful effect on humans and the environment, especially if they enter the body through food, there is a need to reduce their amount in the soil. Thermal treatment of soil contaminated with pesticides consists in raising the temperature of the soil to a certain level, which allows the destruction of pesticides and other harmful substances. The purpose of this work is to analyze the results of previously conducted studies using high-temperature processing and their conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the method.

The review of research was conducted on the basis of the criteria for the effectiveness of thermal treatment and its potential use for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils.

Recent research shows that thermal treatment of pesticide-contaminated soil can be a self- sufficient and simple method of soil purification. However, further research is needed in this area to improve methodology, techniques and environmental safety development regarding post-procedural soil behavior and waste disposal. All this can help in further work on solving the problems of soil pollution and help preserve the health of people and ecosystems.

It has been established that heat treatment is one of the most effective methods of remediation of soil contaminated with pesticides. It allows you to reduce the level of pollution by a significant amount after just one application of this method. However, before using the treatment, it is necessary to study in detail all possible factors affecting the effectiveness of the method, including temperature, duration of treatment, type of soil and others.

Various methods of heat treatment, their effectiveness and possibilities of use in real conditions were analyzed. The main factors affecting the effectiveness of the method, as well as various options for the application of heat treatment, depending on the type of soil and the level of contamination, were also investigated.
ECOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-AWARENESS FORMATION OF FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS
Authors: Shakhov Volodymyr , Shakhov Vladyslav , Mazai Lada
Published: July 2023

The article elucidates the peculiarities of the professional self-awareness formation of future psychologists in the professional training process in a higher education institution (hereinafter, HEI). On the basis of the conducted empirical research, it was clarified such peculiarities of the formation of professional self-awareness structural components of future psychologists as cognitive, emotional, motivational, and operational during training in HEI. The materials present the main results of mathematical and statistical analysis and interpretation of research results. The revealed trends indicate that the normative process of professional development in HEI is characterized by qualitative and gradual changes in the professional self-awareness of higher education students. In particular, motivational and empathic components are identified as the main components of the studied phenomenon.

Moreover, to the presented results of empirical research, in the context of the ecological approach, the problem of social and psychological determinants of the formation of future psychologists' professional self-awareness is highlighted. The identification and inclusion of such determinants in the educational process organization will contribute to the actualization of ecological and psychological mechanisms of students' professional and personal formation. Among the general recommendations for the environmentalization of the professional educational environment in the HEI, the article proposed the practice of mentoring junior students by senior students on the basis of the "equal to equal" principle, as well as providing intervision and supervisory support for future psychologists at the stage of higher professional education.
Dengue among Patients Visiting Department of Medicine in a Secondary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tamang Basanta , Basnet Ajaya , Khadka Sudip , Joshi Pramod , Kumar Jha Roshan , Joshi Rijuta , Kumar Rai Shiba
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Dengue, caused by the dengue virus, has a wide range of clinical features, including fever, body ache, lethargy, nausea, and vomiting. Blood-based biomarkers in patients with dengue virus infection reflect a variety of clinical spectrums, from bleeding manifestations to liver abnormalities, and can serve as an essential tool for clinicians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue among patients visiting the Outpatient Department in a secondary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the Outpatient Department from 16 May 2022 to 15 November 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 20790202). The socio-demographic details and biochemical and haematological findings of dengue virus-infected patients diagnosed with rapid diagnostic tests were collected. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 706 individuals, the prevalence of dengue was 83 (11.76%) (9.38-14.14, 95% Confidence Interval). The median age of dengue virus-infected patients was 40 years, and the majority were males 54 (65.06%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of dengue was found to be lower than in other studies done in similar settings.
Hepatic Encephalopathy among Patients with Chronic Liver Disease Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Karki Ujjwal , Upreti Nischal , Gyawali Bindu , Shrestha Sandesh Kumar , Basnet Chandra Kiran , Sharma Devashish , Dangol Neha
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition that impairs the neurological and psychiatric function of a patient as a result of advanced liver disease or portosystemic shunt. Early detection and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy can lessen its severity, length of stay in the hospital and potential fatality. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy among patients with chronic liver disease admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among patients with chronic liver disease admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine in a tertiary care centre. Data from 1 October 2021 to 15 May 2023 were collected between 20 May 2023 and 30 May 2023 from the hospital records. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 808/2023). The diagnosis was made based on the history, clinical examinations, and gradings were done as per West Haven criteria. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 389 patients with chronic liver disease, hepatic encephalopathy was seen in 40 (10.28%) (7.26-13.30, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age of patients was 55.27±13.52 years.Conclusions: The prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy among patients with chronic liver disease was lower than the studies conducted in similar settings.
Malnutrition among Patients with Chronic Liver Disease Admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bajracharya Sandeep Raj , Peeyush Denis , Malla Vivek , Singh Mrigendra , Tiwari Puspendra , Gurung Sunil , Pradhan Bickram
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Protein-calorie malnutrition is a transversal condition to all stages of chronic liver disease. It is considered an independent predictor of mortality that leads to an increased number of complications. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of malnutrition among patients with chronic liver disease admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among patients with chronic liver disease admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology in a tertiary care centre between 10 January 2021 to 15 February 2022 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 394/077/078-IRC). The nutritional status of patients was assessed by subjective global assessment. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 110 patients with chronic liver disease, malnutrition was seen in 91 (82.72%) (75.65-89.79, 95% Confidence Interval). Out of 91 patients who were malnourished, 56 (61.53%) had moderate malnutrition whereas 35 (38.46%) had severe malnutrition. Seventy-six (83.51%) suffered from alcoholic cirrhosis.
Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition among patients with chronic liver disease was higher than in other studies done in similar settings.
Leave Against Medical Advice among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Yograj , Pathak Om Krishna , Sharma Asmita , Khanal Suvekhsya , Baral Niruta , Shrestha Sagar , Adhikari Pradeep
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Leave against medical advice is a condition in which a patient leaves the hospital against the treating physician's recommendation and is a sensitive issue occurring frequently in neonatal intensive care units across the developing world. Investigating the causes of newborn deaths is essential as there is high neonatal mortality rate in context of Nepal and a huge gap between that rate and desired outcomes. Self-discharge of sick neonates from hospitals further increases the chance of death. Hence, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of leave against medical advice among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from 14 April 2021 to 13 April 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 077/78-021). The patient’s demographic and clinical characteristics and reasons for self-discharge were recorded. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 1352 neonates, the prevalence of leave against medical advice was 119 (8.80%) (7.29-10.31, 95% Confidence Interval).
Conclusions: The prevalence of leave against medical advice from the neonatal intensive care unit was lower than in other studies done in similar settings.
Hypertensive Retinopathy among Patients with Hypertension Attending the Department of Ophthalmology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bastola Pradeep , Bastola Sheeksha
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the major cardiovascular diseases leading to disability or death. Persistently elevated blood pressure leads to retinal vascular changes, also known as hypertensive retinopathy. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among patients with hypertension attending the Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensives patients presenting to the Department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary care centre from 1 June 2022 to 1 February 2023 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: CMC-IRC 078/079-228). Those patients who did not provide informed consent and patients with chronic debilitating systemic conditions, patients encountered in emergency wards, and hypertensive patients below 15 years of age and above 75 years of age were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 336 study participants, hypertensive retinopathy was found in 66 (19.64%) (15.39-23.89, 95% Confidence Interval) study subjects in at least one eye.
Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy was lower in our study when compared to other studies.
Microalbuminuria among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Visiting the Department of Nephrology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhattarai Tulsi , Pandey Asim , Parajuli Samriddhi , Khanal Prajwal , Dongol Angel , Devkota Rahul , Neupane Sohil , Bhattarai Bharat Kumar
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Microalbuminuria is an abnormal increase in albumin excretion rate with a specific range of 30-299 mg of albumin/g of creatinine or excretion of 20-200 mg/l of albumin in spot urine samples. Diabetic patients with microalbuminuria are at increased risk for cardiovascular death as compared with normoalbuminuria. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of microalbuminuria among patients visiting the Department of Nephrology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among diabetic patients visiting the Department of Nephrology in a tertiary care centre after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 04072022/04). The study was conducted between 1 October 2022 to 30 November 2022 where patients providing written consent and had documented diabetes were included in the study whereas patients without documented diabetes, having comorbidities such as congestive heart failure, nephritic/nephrotic syndrome and those who refused to give consent were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 103 patients, microalbuminuria was found to be in 19 (18.45%) (10.96-25.94, 95% Confidence Interval). Out of 19 patients, 8 (42.11%) were male and 11 (57.89%) were female. The mean HbA1c among participants with microalbuminuria was 7.67±0.67%.
Conclusions: The prevalence of microalbuminuria among diabetic patients was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Ulcerative Colitis with Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report
Authors: Basnet Somika , Bhandari Abashesh , Basnet Bhupendra Kumar , Thapaliya Sabin
Published: July 2023

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory, idiopathic, condition of the mucosa of the colon. Cerebral venous thrombosis is one of the serious and rare complications of inflammatory bowel disease. We report a case of a 27-year-old female patient with complaints of loose stool 5 to 6 episodes per day mixed with blood for 10 days. The patient has severe per rectal bleed, not controlled despite adequate measures and a few days later developed altered sensorium and fits. This case highlights prompt diagnosis and early treatment managing both severe ulcerative colitis and sagittal venous thrombosis. Immediate recognition of her disease improved her condition drastically and increased her survival.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia with Autoimmune Hypothyroidism: A Case Report
Authors: Karki Prakriti , Prasai Parikshit , Chetri Vivek Acharya , Gautam Arun , Maskey Robin
Published: July 2023

Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia is a relatively rare disorder caused by autoantibodies directed against self-red blood cells. Though autoimmune thyroid disease is associated with other autoimmune diseases, only a few cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with autoimmune hemolytic anaemia have been reported. We present a case of a 22-year-old woman, a known case of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis whose serum demonstrated antibodies against red blood cells. Blood investigations were done which showed findings suggestive of hemolytic anemia. She was managed with blood transfusion, thyroxine and steroids.Our study may guide physicians toward possible hemolytic anaemia while treating Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Progeria Presenting with Pyogenic Granuloma in Conjunctiva: A Case Report
Authors: Parajuli Sanket , Sharma Sadhana , Shrestha Tina
Published: July 2023

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome frequently exhibits stunted growth and premature ageing. Notable ocular characteristics can encompass a large number of ocular abnormalities. Here, we report a case of a 17-year-old female who presented with complaints of a red bump not resolving with medications in her right eye for 3 months. On excisional biopsy, the mass was found to be a pyogenic granuloma. The occurrence of pyogenic granuloma in a patient with progeria is extremely rare. This highlights the importance of considering atypical presentations and potential complications in patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. This information can assist healthcare professionals in the early recognition and appropriate management of ocular conditions in individuals with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.
Obstructive Infantile Hydrocephalus Secondary to Meningoventriculitis: A Case Report
Authors: Raut Rupesh , Paudel Shailes , Bhandari Prakriti , Gupta Umang , Nepali Anil
Published: July 2023

Obstructive infantile hydrocephalus may arise due to anatomic or functional obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Obstruction of the aqueduct of sylvius (aqueductal stenosis) causes dilation of the lateral and third ventricles, while the size of the fourth ventricle remains relatively normal. Obstructive infantile hydrocephalus with meningoventriculitis is a rare phenomenon, and literature with only 2 other children with similar findings have been reported. We hereby report a case of a 16-week-old infant who developed Escherichia coli meningoventriculitis, later complicated by the development of hydrocephalus, challenging the management. The diagnosis was based on the magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, which showed hydrocephalus, and the cerebrospinal fluid culture showing Escherichia coli meningoventriculitis. The case was managed with serial ventricular drainage along with antibiotics followed by staged ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Serial measurement of head circumference is essential to prompt diagnostic suspicion in the case of paediatric meningitis.
Lipomeningocele with Tethered Cord Syndrome in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Pahari Soumya , Thapa Suraksha , Bhattarai Bibek , Pradhan Bishal , Bhandari Paawan Bahadur , Baniya Purushottam
Published: July 2023

Lipomeningocele is a closed neural tube defect characterized by the presence of spinal tissue within the spinal cord, with a junction between the spinal cord and a lipoma. It has a prevalence of 0.6 per 10,000 live births. A 29-year-old female presented to the outpatient clinic with complaints of weakness in both legs (more on the right) and tingling sensation and pain over her right thigh and legs for 1 year. She also mentioned swelling in her lower back since birth, which has been growing progressively since childhood. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed a low-lying spinal cord with the conus lying at the lower end of the L2 vertebral body. Spinal decompression with detethering of the cord and excision of the lipomeningocele was undertaken via a posterior midline incision. Prompt surgical intervention are crucial for symptom relief and prevention of neurological deterioration.
Medical Students as an Elective Trainee: An Experience
Authors: Poudel Shree Krishna , Bhandari Nishan , Adhikari Bindira
Published: July 2023

Elective courses beyond the curriculum in medicine refer to additional educational opportunities or experiences that medical students can pursue outside of their required coursework. In the 21st century, with a highly competitive and evolving educational landscape, the importance of elective courses has grown significantly. Completing elective courses can provide several advantages that help individuals stand out and differentiate themselves from their peers. The importance of elective courses for medical students helps to become more competent and self-reliant, improve communication and interpersonal skills and develop leadership qualities. An elective course for a month helped us understand three sectors: personality development, career orientation, and research and publication. This article focuses on the importance of early exposure to careers in research and academia for going beyond the scope of the average medical student.
Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Psoriasis Attending the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thapa Pratichya , Paudel Sangeeta , Uprety Shraddha , Timalsina Santosh
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome, a constellation of features such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance is of common occurrence in patients with psoriasis. Systemic inflammation is supposed to play a significant role in both conditions. The co-occurrence of metabolic syndrome and psoriasis can result in clinical consequences. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with psoriasis attending the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology from 4 July 2022 to 4 May 2023. The ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: CMC-IRC/078/079-300). Patients aged more than 18 years diagnosed with psoriasis who provided written consent were enrolled in the study. Pregnant female patients and those who did not give informed consent were excluded from the study. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 90% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Among 72 patients with psoriasis, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 15 (20.83%) (12.98-28.68, 90% Confidence Interval). Obesity 13 (86.67%) and hypertriglyceridemia 13 (86.67%) were the frequent most individual components of metabolic syndrome.
Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among psoriatic patients was lower than other studies done in similar settings.
Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Siswa Pada Materi Bangun Datar Dengan Konteks Wisata Palembang
Authors: Ostian Dyego , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Susanti Ely
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa pada materi bangun datar konteks wisata Palembang. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian deskiptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan ada yang digunakan adalah tes dengan dua permasalahan berkaitan dengan konteks wisata Palembang yang telah di validasi oleh validator. Subjek penelitian ini adalah tiga orang siswa kelas VII di MTs Plus Sai’idiyah Lubuk Batang. Hasil dari tes dianalisis kemunculan indikator kemampuan koneksi matematis. Dari tiga siswa yang diberikan tes, pada kasus pertama salah satu siswa tidak memenuhi indikator ketiga tetapi pada kasus kedua seluruh siswa memenuhi ketiga indikator koneksi matematis.
Meta Analisis: Pengaruh Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa
Authors: Rahmawati Asyifa , Kurniawan Awan
Published: July 2023

Pemahaman matematika kerap dibutuhkan dalam menyelesaikan masalah kehidupan nyata, yang mana pembelajaran dengan fokus matematika dalam kehidupan nyata tersebut dapat ditemukan pada pembelajaran Realistis Mathematics Eduation (RME). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Meta analisis dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh dari penerapan RME terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diperoleh dari beberapa studi primer yang telah ada. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan melakukan penelusuran artikel pada database Google Scholar dan SINTA yang terpublikasi indeks SINTA atau prosiding nasional. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah 13 studi primer yang telah diseleksi sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi yang ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa effect size sebesar 0,959 berada dalam klasifikasi efek yang tinggi, dan berdasarkan karakteristik studi ukuran sampel tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh penerapan RME terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa.
Analisis Pengembangan Butir Soal Perbandingan Bertingkat ntuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Peserta Didik
Authors: Yusri Irawan  , Sa'adah Raissa , Thoyibah3 Amriyatu , Sari Maya , Muslimah Muslimah , A’isyah Siti
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan butir soal perbandingan bertingkat sebagai alternatif instrumen evaluasi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan tes dan mengumpulkan hasil tes soal pemecahan masalah materi perbandingan bertingkat yang dikerjan oleh mahasiswa pendidikan matematika Universitas Sriwijaya semester 4 kelas Palembang, yang berjumlah 37 orang mahasiswa dengan menggunakan 10 butir soal pilihan ganda dan 3 butir soal uraian yang dilakukan selama sepekan secara daring. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa butir soal pada materi perbandingan bertingkat masih membutuhkan penyempurnaan, terutama dalam memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Selain itu, Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa teknik validasi kualitatif yang digunakan dalam pengembangan soal efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas butir soal dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diberikan soal yang sudah direvisi. Oleh karena itu, disarankan adanya pengembangan butir soal pada materi perbandingan bertingkat yang lebih cocok dengan kemampuan siswa dan mengacu pada aspek kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi bagi guru maupun peneliti untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika di SMP.
Hypothetical Learning Trajectory Penalaran Matematis pada Materi Statistika SMP
Authors: Risnanosanti Risnanosanti , Prasetyo Anjas Agus , Syofiana Mardiah
Published: July 2023

Dibutuhkan lebih dari sekedar memberi tugas dan pekerjaan rumah untuk mengajar matematika. Hipotesis lintasan belajar atau disebut dengan Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) ternyata penting untuk mengantisipasi hambatan yang dihadapi siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran karena lintasan belajar yang dilalui setiap siswa akan memprediksi yang akan dilakukan oleh siswa serta penyelesaiannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan hipotesis lintasan belajar pada materi statistika. Penelitian ini melibatkan siswa SMPN 11 Kota Bengkulu dan setiap tahapan penelitian siswa akan berbeda. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), wawancara, observasi, serta pendapat para ahli. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk menyusun HLT. Hipotesis  lintasan belajar diimplementasikan di SMPN 11 Kota Bengkulu. Hasil implementasi menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis lintasan belajar yang dibuat sesuai dengan prediksi peneliti dan dapat meminimalisir learning obstacle yang dialami siswa dan dapat mengoptimalkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Golovanov Oleg
Published: July 2023

The article presents an analysis of the consequences of economic instability caused by the COVID‑19 pandemic for the socio‑economic development of the region. The study was carried on the example of the Sverdlovsk region according to the Federal State Statistics Service. The article sets and solves three research problems. First, to assess how the overall socio‑economic condition of the region has changed because of the COVID‑19 pandemic. Second, to identify the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on the nature and structure of the relationship between the socio‑economic indicators of the region. Third, to analyze the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic on the trends in the socio‑economic indicators of the region, considering their possible delay and seasonal fluctuations. The first task is solved using statistical methods of pattern recognition, the second task — by methods of multivariate correlation analysis, and for the third task stochastic time series models are used. The largest contribution to the division into clusters was made by the number of births, the turnover of public catering and the volume of goods, works and services performed on their own; their dynamics most clearly traces the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic in the Sverdlovsk region. Multidimensional correlation analysis established that because of the introduction of restrictive and supportive measures, multidirectional trends in the socio‑economic indicators of the region were formed, which violated the previously established relationships between them. Based on the obtained coefficients of the autoregressive model, one can find a certain pattern consisting in the growth of the influence of short‑term (lag 1 and 3 months) and the decrease of the long‑term influence (lag 12 months) change in indicators. According to the calculations obtained, the economy of the Sverdlovsk region during the analyzed period failed to overcome the destabilizing effect of the consequences of the COVID‑19 pandemic.
Modeling the socio-economic development of Russia using big data and data from field experiments
Authors: Usmanov Daler
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the prospects of socio-economic development of Russia from the point of view of transition to economic autarky. The study includes a cluster analysis of trends and patterns of socio-economic development of Russia, as well as neighboring countries (CIS). As a comparison base, data were used on countries that have passed (South Korea and Japan) or are passing (Iran) through a full-scale experiment of economic autarky with varying degrees of success. Statistically processed big data reflected in the Countries' Prosperity Index (Legatum Prosperity Index) by the end of 2021 were used as the information base of the study. The study also conducted a simulation of the socio-economic development of Russia, taking into account the accumulated potential, based on a taxonomic method related to the group of economic and mathematical methods of decision-making on a set of attributes (Multiple Attribute Decision Making, MADM). The results of the study show that Russia does not have the necessary development potential to switch to successful models of economic autarky, which were implemented in South Korea and Japan at the time. Russia is capable of further implementing an inertial model of socio-economic development, and is also capable of transitioning to an economic autarky of the Iranian type. The same conclusion applies equally to the countries of the near abroad (CIS). The results obtained can be used as an information base for decision-making in the field of public administration and regulation of socio-economic and socio-political processes.