bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notas breves sobre las medidas tributarias en el Ecuador bajo la coyuntura de la crisis actual y el marco constitucional que las delimita
Authors: Vallejo Sandro
Published: January 2021

Los sistemas tributarios implican un conjunto de impuestos articulados de forma coherente con la realidad social y económica de un Estado, y definidos bajo su marco jurídico. Para entender esto, es necesario conocer, al menos de forma superficial, como gravan los impuestos a las manifestaciones de riqueza. En el caso ecuatoriano, el marco constitucional de nuestro sistema tributario, no se refleja adecuadamente en las políticas adoptadas por el gobierno, situación que se agrava en el escenario de la crisis actual; por lo que se requiere reconducir las propuestas de reforma tributaria para lograr una articulación con el marco normativo vigente; pero también, entendiendo la realidad social y económica, recogiendo en lo posible propuestas técnicas que se vienen dando.
PROBLEMS OF INTERNAL CONTROL RELATED TO SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZE BUSINESSES
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, KOSTYUKOVA E.I. , FROLOV A.V. , ROMANENKO A.V. ROMANENKO A.V.
Published: January 2021

In the current conditions of uncertainty and financial instability against the background of the coronavirus pandemic, small and medium-sized businesses are the most vulnerable. Entrepreneurssuffer huge losses, and the viability of many small businesses tends to zero due to the lack of internal reserves and unaffordable financial losses. The issue of state support for small and medium-size businesses, preferential lending and a number of other government measures aimed at supporting entrepreneurs in all affected areas remains acute. At the same time, the development (revision, reevaluation,re-orientation) of the internal functioning of small and medium-sized businesses, the implementation of competent management decisions that can support the enterprise in crisis conditions,becomes important. The purpose of implementing internal control in small and medium-size businesses is to avoid abrupt, disjointed, contradictory management decisions. The task of internal control is to ensure the consistency and expediency of management actions. Thus, the issues of organizing internal control of various economic life aspects for small and medium-size businesses are becoming relevant. The paper explains the need to implement an internal control system in difficult economic conditions in order to stabilize the financial position of an enterprise. The authors have studied some factors that hamper the implementation of the internal control system in small and medium-size businesses.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Meja Kinestetik
Authors: Hartono Natalia , Laurence Laurence , Subandi Prayoga Nathan
Published: January 2021

Pembelajaran di Indonesia cenderung menggunakan gaya belajar auditori dan visual. Sedangkan gaya belajar tidak hanya auditori dan visual, ada pula gaya belajar kinestetik. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan bahwa anak usia Sekolah Dasar (SD) memiliki kecenderungan lebih mudah belajar dengan gaya belajar kinestetik. Prasarana dan sarana di Indonesia masih kurang dalam mendukung gaya belajar kinestetik, berbeda dengan di luar negeri yang sudah menerapkan gaya belajar kinestetik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membuat suatu meja kinestetik untuk anak usia SD yang ergonomis. Pengambilan data antropometri dan kuesioner dalam merancang produk ini dilakukan di sebuah SD di Tangerang, Indonesia. Meja yang dirancang dilakukan evaluasi uji coba oleh 40 orang siswa SD tersebut. Meja kinestetik berhasil dibuat berdasarkan tahapan perancangan produk Ulrich dan Eppinger (2016). Saat ini, produk sedang dalam tahap pengajuan Hak Desain Industri melalui LPPM Universitas Pelita Harapan.

Kata Kunci: ergonomi, gaya belajar, kinestetik, meja
The land tenure in the Tver half of the Bezhetskaya pyatina at the end of the 15th – the first half of the 16th century: presentation in GIS
Authors: Stepanova Y. , Frolov A. , Gavrilov P.
Published: January 2021

The paper considers the results of the localization of land ownership of the parishes of the Tver half of the Bezhetskaya pyatina at the end of the 15th – the first half of the 16th century. The indication in the scribe book of 1545 of the landowners of the last third of the 15th and first third of the 16th century allowed to consider the land ownership before 1478 and trace the division of large volosts of Novgorod boyars between service landowners of the first half of the 16th century. The location of parishes and volosts was clarified, the settlement was analyzed.
Foreign software on Russian archival soil: two projects
Authors: Kiselev I.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to two international projects with the participation of Russian archives, in which foreign software was used. The first project is the Russian-American project for entering fond descriptions of four Russian archives (GARF, RtSHIDNI, GATO, TtSDNI) into the RLIN database. The second project is the Computerization of the Comintern Archive. The characteristics of software, goals and results of the projects are considered.
Emergence and Development of Wh-questions in Jordanian Arabic-speaking Children: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hamdan Jihad , Hamdan Hady
Published: January 2021

The main objective of this paper is to examine the emergence and development of wh-questions in two Jordanian Arabic-speaking pre-school children. Specifically, it investigates (1) how  these children interact with wh-questions;  which questions they find easier and thus earlier to acquire and why, and finally (2) what symptoms one can identify as characteristics of the intra-stage  development of such questions. The data of the study are a subset of a large body of a longitudinal audio-taped corpus collected by the principal author, who happened to be a psycholinguist and the children’s grandparent, on the basis of three-day, weekly sessions over a period of five years. The recordings were made in the family home environment during routine activities, mainly after dinner, and mostly in the presence of family members. The findings reveal the acquisition of wh-questions is a complex process that supports a general cognitive maturity model interpretation. The acquisition of wh-questions that ask about concrete objects/entities, that is mi:n ‘who’, we:n ‘where’ and ʔe:ʃ/ʃu: ‘what’ are produced and developed at an earlier stage than those questions which ask about abstract objects/entities, that is le:ʃ ‘why’, ke:f ‘how’, ɡadde:ʃ/kam ‘how many/much’ and wakte:ʃ/ʔe:mta ‘when’. However, the subjects do not find the questions within each of the two sets equally easy/difficult. Put differently, in the first category, mi:n ranked first on the easy/difficult scale while ʔe:ʃ/ʃu: ranked third. Moreover, the order of acquisition in the second category suggested that it is easier for Jordanian Arabic-speaking children to ask about reason (le:ʃ-why) than about time (wakte:ʃ-when) and that to ask about quantity (ɡadde:ʃ/kam-how many/much) is more difficult than to ask about manner (ke:f-how). The study argues that the emergence of wh-words does not mark but the onset of an accumulative process which includes a host of symptoms on the way to adult-like acquisition.
The Structure of Basic Level Categories in the Ukrainians Consciousness According to The Results of Psycholinguistic Experiments: PARKAN and MUR
Authors: Zhujkova Marharyta , Lavrynovych Liliia , Svidzynska Olha
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research is to identify experimentally the structure (primarily the central zone) of two basic level categories in the Ukrainian speakers minds: PARKAN and MUR. To rich such an aim, two psycholinguistic experiments were developed and conducted. Within the first experiment the respondents were asked to determine whether the object on the picture belongs to the category PARKAN. Within the second one they were asked to determine whether the object on the picture belongs to the category MUR. For each experiment 75 images of the objects with similar functions and perceptual features were selected. The respondents had to choose integers 1-2-3 under the image, where 3 means that the object enters into the category, and 1 means that the object doesn't enter into the category. In the options of responses there was the possibility of partial and complete discrepancy between the word that names the category and the image. The total number of completed Google forms is 846, the total number of the received responses - 12690. The second experiment also took into account the estimates of the respondents from the control group which included 18 historians, architects and restorers. The scaling method was used to process the results: each object received an average score which determined its place in the structure of the category. The central zone of both categories includes objects with a score of 2.75 and higher. By analyzing the perceptual and functional features of the objects of the central zone we have formed a verbal description of the prototypes of the categories PARKAN and MUR. During the processing of experimental data there were found the differences in the principles of formation of the central zones of categories. This is related to the role of these objects in the modern anthropogenic landscape. The assignment of a certain artifact to the category PARKAN is influenced by two factors: perceptual features and function that a person derives from external features due to his/her background knowledge. When categorizing an object as a typical MUR not only perceptual features and function are important, but also information that goes beyond current knowledge about the world, namely knowledge about the status and functions of reality in the past. It is believed that information about the cultural and historical role of reality occupies an important place in the structure of the concept but our research has shown that such knowledge can affect the content and structure of not only concepts but also categories of consciousness.
Teaching Sample Design: Virtual Population Project
Authors: Budiyanto Fajar
Published: January 2021

Examples of survey design are subjects that are usually taught to students pursuing minors or statistical majors at the end of their undergraduate degree. This article describes evaluation initiatives that encourage active learning and help develop important skill sets for statistical practice. The project is completed in pairs and submitted in two parts. This allows input from the first section to be forwarded to the second section. Ideally, students should have experience taking samples from the actual population. But the time it takes to receive approval from the university's ethics committee may not be appropriate for a short course. The alternative is to use an online virtual population such as Island software, which provides students with experience in setting up sampling systems, getting approval from potential participants, and collecting data. Written communication skills and teamwork are highly valued by statistical graduate employers. The project promotes collective learning in sample survey design, statistical analysis of the data obtained, and preparation of final written reports. It can be easily adapted for first year students and can also be expanded to accommodate students at Master or Honors level.
HOW VOLATILE IS INDIAN STOCK MARKET? A STUDY BASED ON SELECTED SECTORAL INDICES
Authors: Mohamed Nishad , Thomachan K.T.
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the nature of volatility of selected sectoral stock indices traded in the National Stock Exchange. Using the EGARCH model introduced by Nelson, it has been observed that the selected indices are subject to Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) effects. There are significant leverage effects in the case of five indices. Volatility seems to be highly persistent in the case of all the indices except one. Moreover, four indices are highly sensitive to market events.
DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVITY: INTERPLAY OF BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS
Authors: Gupta Swati
Published: January 2021

One of the most common goals of the education system throughout the world refers to the development of a creative personality that could easily adapt the fast changes that are occurring in modern society. Creative attitude is regarded as the foundation stone for creative personality. Therefore, the study of factors like: biological, psychological and social that influence pupils’ creativity and creative attitude occupies a significant place within the contemporary research. In this educational context, this paper is centered on the factors affecting student’s creativity and aimed to find out the factors related to teachers, students and instructional environment. For this, the researcher used content analysis method and studied previous researches conducted to find out the influencing factors of creativity. The results indicate the key factors that can affect learner’s creativity as: factors related to teacher are personal quality, thinking style, educational experience, teaching belief, personal effort, intrinsic motivation, professional knowledge; factors related to students are fear to failure, cooperation and collaboration, family factor, competition and conflict and factors related to instructional environment are autonomy, administration support & resources and peer interaction.
Presencia de anticuerpos IgG antihelicobacter pylori en suero no se relaciona a factores de riesgo y síntomas de la enfermedad ácido-péptica en adultos jóvenes
Authors: Vasco Gabriel , Luna Consuelo , Torres Judith , Padilla César
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: determinar el valor diagnóstico de anticuerpos IgG anti-Helicobacter pylori ante sospecha clínica de enfermedad ácido-péptica en adultos jóvenes. Sujetos y métodos: estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina de la Universidad Central del Ecuador que consintieron participar en una encuesta en línea y extracción de sangre venosa que fue sometida a una prueba inmunoenzimática para detección de anticuerpos. Resultados: se incluyeron 225 partícipes con un una edad promedio de 20 años; el estudio inmunoenzomático fue positivo en el 32,88% de muestras. La existencia de IgG anti-H. pylori no se relacionó estadísticamente a la presencia o ausencia de antecedentes patológicos personales, familiares o sociales. La acumulación de dos o tres síntomas no se relacionó con el hallazgo serológico. Conclusión: las pruebas serológicas para diagnóstico de gastritis o para tamizaje no son adecuadas para éste grupo de edad, toda vez que su positividad no se relaciona a síntomas, factores de riesgo conocidos de infección gástrica o desarrollo de patologías
Automedicación en la región interandina norte del Ecuador: una práctica usual
Authors: Patajalo Villalta Sheila J. , Sosa Tulcanaza Cynthia A. , Tituaña Carvajal Jessica A. , Tipán Abril Cindy C. , Arosteguí Hurtado Sebastián A. , Rivera López Carolina S , Rivera Buse José E.
Published: January 2021

Introducción: define la automedicación al uso inadecuado de medicamentos y sin prescripción médica; se la practica como medida de autocuidado. En Ecuador, la prevalencia reportada es del 36,5% y está relacionada a edad, género y grado de instrucción académica. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de automedicación en el sector norte de la región interandina del Ecuador, año 2018. Métodos: En el presente estudio de tipo transversal se encuestaron a 2623 sujetos que acudieron a farmacias de cinco provincias del sector norte de la región interandina para adquirir medicamentos sin receta médica, previo a la aplicación de la encuesta se solicitó su consentimiento de forma verbal. La base de datos se estructuró en el programa Excel© versión 10 y el análisis estadístico se realizó con el paquete SPSS© versión 24. Resultados: el 54,4% de los encuestados adquirieron los medicamentos sin prescripción médica. La prevalencia de automedicación fue mayor en mujeres (53,8%), sin relación estadística significativa entre el sexo femenino y frecuencia de automedicación (OR 0,9; IC: 0,8– 1,1). Los AINEs fueron los medicamentos más adquiridos sin prescripción médica (26,9%) seguido de un analgésico (paracetamol, 11,2%). Conclusión: más de la mitad de los sujetos de las cinco provincias del sector norte de la región interandina se automedica; de ellos, 8 de cada 10 adquieren sin receta médica fármacos en farmacias distantes a unidades de salud. Descriptores DeCS: automedicación, prevalenc
Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae as Bioindictaor of Pollution in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based
Authors: Audah Niswatul , Japa Lalu , Yamin M.
Published: January 2021

Tanjung Luar is coastal water used as a waste disposal area for Fish Landing Based (FLB) activities. However, the condition of the waters with phytoplankton as a bioindicator has never been reporting. This research aims to know Bacillariophyceae in terms of abundance, diversity, and measurement of environmental pollution variables. Methods Sampling at the study location was determined by a systematic random sampling method. Data analysis Bacillariophyceae were determined using formula abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. The index of similarity of species between sample points was determined based on the Bray-Curtis Cluster Analysis. Furthermore, the results showed an abundance of Bacillaryophyceae of 322,000 individuals / L classified as low, the diversity index of Bacillariophyceae of 2.162 classified as moderate, and a dominance index of 0.138 (without dominating species). The results showed that the highest species similarity index was between sample points II and III (57.9%), and the lowest species similarity index between sample points I and II was 23.7%. Water pollution on the waters of PPI Tanjung Luar is classified as moderate pollution level and oligotrophic fertility.
Evidence of woven bone formation in carotid artery plaques
Authors: Mirzaie Masoud , Zaur Guliyev , Michael Schultz , Peter Schwartz , Johann Philipp Addicks , Sheila Fatehpur
Published: January 2021

Objective: Plaque morphology plays an important prognostic role in the occurrence of cerebrovascular events. Echolucent and heterogeneous plaques, in particular, carry an increased risk of subsequent stroke. Depending on the quality of the plaque echogenicity based on B-mode ultrasound examination, carotid plaques divide into a soft lipid-rich plaque and a hard plaque with calcification. The aim of this study was to investigate structural changes in the basement membrane of different carotid artery plaque types. Patients and methods: Biopsies were taken from 10 male patients (average age; 75 + 1 years) and 7 females (68 + 3 years). The study population included patients suffering from a filiform stenosis of the carotid artery, 8 patients with acute cerebrovascular events and 9 with asymptomatic stenosis. Scanning electron and polarised light microscopic investigations were carried out on explanted plaques to determine the morphology of calcified areas in vascular lesions. Results: By means of scanning electron microscopy, multiple foci of local calcification were identified. The endothelial layer was partially desquamated from the basement membrane and showed island-like formations. Polarised light microscopy allows us to distinguish between soft plaques with transparent structure and hard plaques with woven bone formation. Conclusion: The major finding of our study is the presence of woven bone tissue in hard plaques of carotid arteries, which may result from pathological strains or mechanical overloading of the collagen fibers. These data suggest a certain parallel with sclerosis of human aortic valves due to their similar morphological characteristics.
An Empirical Assessment of Alternative Methods of Variance-Covariance Matrix
Authors: SAGHIR AHSEN , TIRMIZI SYED MUHAMMAD ALI
Published: January 2021

The current study aims at the estimation of a group of variance-covariance methods using the data set of the non-financial sector of the Pakistan stock exchange. The study compares nine covariance estimators using two assessment criteria of root mean square error and standard deviation of minimum variance portfolios to gauge on accuracy and effectiveness of estimators. The findings of the study based on RMSE and risk behaviour of MVPs suggest that portfolio managers receive no additional benefit for using more sophisticated measures against equally weighted variance-covariance estimators in the construction of portfolios. Keywords: Variance-Covariance Estimators, Portfolio Construction, Mean-Variance Optimization.
A Comparative Study between Jordanian Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (U-Value) and International Building Codes, With Thermal Bridges Effect Investigation
Authors: Alkhalidi Ammar , Kiwan Suhil , Hamasha Haya
Published: January 2021

Depletion of fossil fuel and the environmental effect associated with the use of it have made the topic of “thermal insulation regulations” a major concern in country Jordan and worldwide. This paper reviews the overall heat transfer coefficient U-value in Jordanian code for the building envelope, which represents how much the building envelope transfer heat to the outside environment. U-value was reviewed with respect to the following factors, heating degree days, the heating load required to achieve thermal comfort. Based on the review a new U-value of 0.65 W/m2.K was proposed and it was found that this value reduces the energy demand almost 50%. Moreover, the thermal bridge effect was investigated and it was found that an obvious increase in the U-value is present when having thermal bridges; this will affect the energy demand, almost 200%.
Representatividade identitária da figura feminina no discurso da ministra Damares Alves
Authors: Ferreira Dina Maria Martins , Nascimento Iara De Sousa
Published: January 2021

Inserida em um cenário sociopolítico que tem sido propício para o fortalecimento de um discurso conservador, a sociedade brasileira, desde o ano de 2019, conta com a ministra Damares Alves na chefia do Ministério da Mulher, da Família e Direitos Humanos. Diante deste contexto e da importância de seu papel enquanto mulher e representante do povo, pretende-se, neste trabalho, analisar a construção da identidade feminina no discurso da ministra por meio de uma investigação linguística, discursiva e social apoiada na Análise de  Discurso Crítica de vertente dialética-relacional (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001 [1992], 2003, 2005a, 2015b), além de teorias acerca dos Perfis Identitários Femininos (AUTORA), Identidades Performativas e Gênero (PINTO, 2002, 2007; BUTLER, 1993, 1999, 2001a, 2001b, 2017). A análise é realizada em material transcrito proveniente de um vídeo do Youtube publicado no canal “Câmara do Deputados”, em abril 2019, e revela que o perfil identitário da ministra apresenta uma postura alinhada a preceitos patriarcalistas que colocam a mulher em posição de submissão em relação ao homem, discurso este atrelado ao discurso religioso e conservador.
Ética de pesquisa e relações de poder: reflexões decoloniais e provocações metodológicas em Linguística Aplicada
Authors: Merlo Marianna Cardoso Reis , Fonseca Camila Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, objetivamos discutir sobre princípios de ética e relações de poder em pesquisas acadêmicas realizadas no âmbito da Linguística Aplicada. Para tanto, partimos de uma perspectiva decolonial de língua e ética e articulamos as reflexões aqui tecidas com interpretações de dados obtidos em pesquisa de cunho etnográfico realizada nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública da região sudeste do Brasil. Nossas discussões se originam a partir da constatação da relação controversa que pode se estabelecer entre universidade e escola, na qual uma instância é tida como produtora e a outra, como consumidora de conhecimentos. A partir de nossa análise, argumentamos que a pesquisa etnográfica que transcende a elaboração de conhecimentos sobre a escola, visando à construção de conhecimentos com a escola, tem grande potencial para promover interações mais horizontais e dialógicas entre esta e a universidade. Concluímos a discussão com alguns questionamentos e provocações acerca do fazer ético de pesquisa em Linguística Aplicada.
Desenvolvendo letramento crítico em aulas de inglês para o Ensino Fundamental I: o ensino crítico de inglês como língua estrangeira para crianças
Authors: Costa Patrícia Helena da Silva
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo propor o desenvolvimento de práticas de letramento crítico no ensino de Inglês como Língua Estrangeira para Crianças. A fim de contextualizar a presente proposta, este estudo discute brevemente sobre o histórico do ensino de Inglês no Ensino Fundamental I no contexto educacional brasileiro e a relevância desse ensino nas séries iniciais da Educação Básica. Em seguida, aborda-se a concepção de “crítico” (PENNYCOOK, 2004; TILIO, 2017b) e de letramento crítico (CERVETTI et al., 2001; EDMUNDO, 2013) utilizadas neste trabalho. Para materializar esses aspectos são propostas atividades para o ensino de Inglês para alunos(as) do 5º ano do ensino fundamental, de forma que os encaminhamentos sugeridos contemplem tanto problematizações a cerca dos discursos com os quais as crianças interagem em suas práticas sociais quantos as orientações propostas pelo Currículo Carioca de Língua Inglesa da Secretaria Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SME-RJ). Por meio deste trabalho, sinaliza-se a possibilidade de formar alunos(as) como cidadãos(ãs) críticos(as) e participativos(as) desde o Ensino Fundamental I. Além disso, este estudo também se constitui como uma prática a ser realizada no ensino de Inglês como Língua Estrangeira para Crianças na SME-RJ.
Toma que o espelho é seu!: artes cênicas e psico/vida em narrativas pessoais de cor/pas negras
Authors: Oliveira Cláudia Simone dos Santos , Santos Elisângela De Jesus , Oliveira Talita De
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho visa estabelecer um diálogo interdisciplinar entre as Artes Cênicas, os Estudos Étnico-Raciais e a Linguística Aplicada de modo a buscar respostas para o desafio de se estudar os efeitos do racismo na saúde mental de mulheres negras. Para tanto, partimos da criação e apresentação do espetáculo teatral ME Editar nas águas que me atravessam, com base na concepção estético-investigativa do Teatro das Oprimidas. Em seguida, analisamos a narrativa oral de experiência pessoal de Dandara, uma mulher negra espectadora da performance teatral. Partindo dos elementos formais da narrativa laboviana (LABOV, 1972) e da noção de perspectivismo (BRUNER; WEISSNER, 1991), a análise da narrativa aponta para o sofrimento psíquico vivenciado por mulheres negras em razão da retirada do espelho, simbolicamente representando a ausência de identidade, de autocuidado e de voz. Ao mesmo tempo, a conexão narrativa promovida pelo encontro entre a performance teatral e a roda de conversa subsequente potencializa a retomada do espelho, abrindo espaço para a ruptura dos ciclos de opressão a que as mulheres negras estão submetidas e fazendo mover as águas do silêncio. Ouvir e analisar essas histórias contribuem fundamentalmente para o desafio de se produzir conhecimento socialmente relevante e engajado na luta antirracista.
Tecnologias: processo de desterritorialização de identidades
Authors: Dias Silvelena Cosmo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo objetiva problematizar a maneira como materiais de língua inglesa (LI), integrantes do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), se apropriam do discurso sobre as “novas” tecnologias de modo a entrever o imbricamento entre as representações sobre as tecnologias e sobre o aluno. O aporte teórico de sustentação da pesquisa é a perspectiva teórico-metodológica, denominada discursivo-desconstrutiva, balizada pelas teorias do discurso (com base em Foucault), pela desconstrução derrideana, que problematiza o que parece evidente e natural, e pela psicanálise lacaniana, no diz respeito ao sujeito do inconsciente, da falta e do desejo. A análise de natureza discursiva e interpretativa, sobre o funcionamento discursivo, possibilitou rastrear representações de alunos como nativos digitais e autônomos. O discurso sobre as “novas” tecnologias (re-) apresentam-nas, para o aluno, como possibilidades de aprendizagem da LI, de inserção no mundo globalizado e digital, e como corolário, a sua integração no mundo do trabalho e ascensão social.
30 anos da ALAB: desafios, rupturas e possibilidades de pesquisa em Linguística Aplicada
Authors: Szundy Paula Tatianne Carréra , Guimarães Thayse Figueira
Published: January 2021

Esse dossiê especial que celebra os 30 anos da ALAB traz para o debate as paisagens epistemológicas que vem sendo desenhadas por linguistas aplicados/as brasileiros/as em processos de compreensão e transformação de práticas de linguagens situadas e socialmente relevantes. No escopo de múltiplas abordagens teórico-metodológicas abarcadas pela LA contemporânea, o dossiê reúne estudos de natureza inter/trans/indisciplinar voltados para questões relativas a desigualdades sociais, políticas, étnicas, culturais, educacionais em suas dimensões discursivas. Com o intuito de fomentar a reflexão acerca dos desafios, rupturas e possibilidades de pesquisa em LA, o dossiê busca contemplar os problemas e/ou desafios do mundo atual que interessam (ou podem interessar) à Linguística Aplicada; diálogos e/ou perspectivas inter/trans/indisciplinares que podem ser tecidos para lidar com esses desafios; tessituras epistemológicas possíveis e/ou necessárias para compreender e transformar os usos (e abusos) de recursos semióticos na contemporaneidade; papeis que o/a linguista aplicado/a deve desempenhar na compreensão e transformação de políticas públicas.
Entextualizações criativas de discursos sobre raça em práticas discursivas multissituadas na periferia brasileira
Authors: Guimarães Thayse Figueira , Moita-Lopes Luiz Paulo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como foco investigativo as performances de raça de Luan nas interações da web e na sala de aula. Luan é um garoto negro, que se identifica como gay. O estudo é parte de uma pesquisa etnográfica multissituada realizada com um grupo de jovens, estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola pública da periferia das Baixadas Litorâneas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho é guiado pelos pressupostos teóricos da performance e da entextualização. Na análise empreendida, investiga-se a circulação dos signos identitários de raça, em intersecção com significados de gênero/sexualidade, dando atenção ao que chamamos de entextualizações criativas, ou seja, às brechas que Luan encontra para reorganizar os sentidos referentes às práticas discursivas em que se engaja. As análises apontam que  posicionamentos e performances identitárias inovadoras surgem em conjunto com visões essencializadas e sempre perceptíveis em meio a lutas e disputas. Por dar atenção às vidas móveis na “periferia”, pode-se dizer que este estudo explode as tradicionais fronteiras entre o “centro” e a “periferia”.
Kualitas Audit Berdasarkan Time Budget Pressure dan Pengalaman
Authors: Rosini Iin , Rahman Hakim Dani
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengalaman auditor dan time budget pressure terhadap kualitas audit. Pendekatan penelitian dengan metode kuantitatif. Sampel final yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 78 akuntan/auditor dari kantor akuntan publik (KAP) se-wilayah DKI Jakarta. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner dengan skala 1 hingga 5. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yakni regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengalaman auditor terbukti mempengaruhi kualitas audit. Begitupula dengan time budget pressure juga mempengaruhi kualitas audit. Berdasarkan hal itu, auditor sebaiknya menambah jam terbangnya dalam melakukan tugas pemeriksaan serta melatih diri untuk mengelola time budget pressure yang dituntut perusahaan.
Supply Chain Management on Inventory Indonesian Drug Industry
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Andadari Roos Kities , Putra Hari Murti Mahatma , Sulandjari Sri
Published: January 2021

The development of the human population in the world, especially Indonesia, to date is approximately 260 million people, making Indonesia in a big challenge where Indonesia must be able to meet the domestic drug supplies needed by the community. The availability of drugs is still an obstacle in the National Health Insurance in Indonesia, this requires the role of the pharmaceutical industry in supporting drug availability by implementing good supply chain management. The focus of this discussion is to look at drug supplies in Indonesia in meeting people's needs and identify factors for production planning, production capacity and raw material procurement for the pharmaceutical industry in supporting the availability of drugs to support the National Health Insurance. This research is a descriptive study by collecting information from various literatures on pharmacy and medicines in Indonesia with a focus on the discussion of production planning, production capacity and raw material procurement and delivery to pharmaceutical companies in supporting drug availability. Because the planning for drug needs used as a basis for drug procurement is inaccurate so that pharmaceutical companies cannot make accurate production plans and the quantity of drugs for the community is inaccurate, time and unavailable at any time, the need for and procurement of materials still depends on imported raw materials from abroad around 95% with a lead time of 1-3 months so that it has the potential to deplete drug supplies and make the National Health Insurance in Indonesia worse.
The effectiveness of gamification to enhance students� mastery on tenses viewed from students� creativity
Authors: Krisbiantoro Benny
Published: January 2021

The advancement of ICT has resulted in the fast development of games industry by which teachers are creative to design the learning process and to utilize various kinds of gamifications. Gamification is a teaching method that uses game elements with the aim of motivating students to be directly involved in games and learning at the same time so that students get an interesting and enjoyable learning experience. Although many studies have been conducted related to the use gamification, the study on the use of gamification to improve tenses mastery regarded the students� creativity is rarely found. This study was aimed to investigate whether: (1) gamification was more effective than conventional teaching method in enhancing tenses mastery of the second semester students of nursing diploma III; (2) the second semester students with high level of creativity had better tenses mastery than those with low level of creativity; and (3) there was an interaction effect between teaching methods and creativity on enhancing tenses mastery of the second semester students of nursing diploma III of faculty of health of Universitas Harapan Bangsa. The method which was employed in this research was an experimental research. The population of the research was the second semester students of nursing diploma III of faculty of health of Universitas Harapan Bangsa. Two classes were taken by using total sampling technique. The samples in this research were two classes; experimental class consisting of 30 students from 2A-1 and control class consisting of 30 students from 2A-2. The research instruments consisted of verbal creativity and tenses mastery test. The data were obtained from creativity and tenses mastery test. They were analysed in the terms of their frequency distribution, normality of the sample distribution, and the data homogeneity and then ANOVA test (Multifactor Analysis and Variance) and TUKEY test to test the research hypotheses. The result of the research findings leads to the conclusion that: (1) gamification is more effective than conventional teaching method to enhance tenses mastery of the second semester students; (2) the students having high creativity have better tenses mastery than those having low creativity; and (3) there is an interaction between teaching methods and creativity on enhancing tenses mastery.
Influence of ion treatment modes on the physical and mechanical properties of zirconia ceramics
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Ghyngаzоv S. А. , Коstеnко V. А. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Khassenov A. K. ,   E.A. Buketov Karaganda State University
Published: January 2021

The article considers the influence of the treatment modes by N2+ and Ar+ ions beams on the physical and mechanical properties of zirconia ceramics. Surface modification of zirconia ceramics was performed using two modes of ion treatment — pulsed and continuous. The pulse mode of treatment by N2+ ions was realized at an accelerating voltage of 250 – 300 kV, current density j = 150 – 200 A/cm2, and energy density W = (3.5 and 5) ± 5 % J/cm2. The continuous mode of treatment by Ar+ ions was realized at an accelerating voltage of 30 kV and an ion current density of 300 and 500 μA/cm2. The fluence of the Ar+ ion beam varied from 1016 to 1018 cm–2. It is established that the pulsed mode of ion treatment leads to the melting and recrystallization of the surface of ceramics. It is shown that this treatment leads to a violation of the oxygen stoichiometry in ceramics and, as a result, there is an appearance of electrical conductivity in the near-surface layers, the layers of zirconia ceramics become conductive. It was established that the continuous mode of ion treatment does not lead to the melting and recrystallization of the ceramics surface, but is accompanied by its slight etching. It is shown that under the action of continuous ion treatment, microhardness increases (by 14 %). Hardening of the surface layers of ceramics is observed at a depth that exceeds the average projected range of Ar+ ion by 103 times.
“Narramos el Centro Histórico de Quito” Las historias familiares preservan la memoria
Authors: Maruri Castillo Mónica
Published: January 2021

Hace cuatro décadas, el Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Quito fue declarado por la UNESCO como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad, debido al buen estado de conservación de su arquitectura urbana y monumental. Sin embargo, muy poco se ha efectuado en este tiempo para mantener el patrimonio inmaterial -una categoría que ha cobrado fuerza en los últimos años, pero que ha quedado apenas en conocimiento de expertos- y cuya transmisión de su concepto e importancia hacia los protagonistas de la historia oral ha sido escasa. Preservar el patrimonio inmaterial de una ciudad recuperando las historias familiares es lo que pretende el proyecto “Narra Quito”, el cual contempla el uso de nuevas tecnologías y diferentes formatos comunicacionales para poder llegar a usuarios de distintas edades e intereses. En este artículo se explica cómo funciona este proyecto de carácter social, que pretende tomar a la familia como un todo de la ciudad, y que analiza el enfoque de apropiación identitaria que se ha propuesto. El proyecto, por lo tanto, se basa en la convicción de que dentro de las familias individuales -aquellas comunes y corrientes- se encuentran todos los rasgos que constituyen una ciudad. Se evalúan las razones por las que se ha recurrido a un universo transmedia para el registro documental y para que el público pueda participar en las distintas plataformas.
Uluslararası Ticari Tahkimde Uyuşmazlığın Esasına Uygulanacak Hukukun Belirlenmesinde İrade Serbestisi Sınırları
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Özdemir
Published: January 2021

Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim, otoriteden bağımsız fakat ticaretin uluslararası çağdaş uygulamaları ile birlikte ortaya çıkan özel ticari yargılama olarak bilinmesine rağmen Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim ile ilgili Konvansiyonların görüşülme ve sonuçlandırılması sürecinde devletlerin otoritesinin siyasal, sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik etkisine maruz kalmış birçok farklı ulusal hukuk sistemleri ile birlikte çalışma ihtiyacı olmuştur.

Sonuçta Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim yargısında uluslararası kararterli ticari nitelikli uyuşmazlığın çözümünde esasa uygulanacak maddi hukuk olarak; “Hukuk”, “Hukuk Kuralları”, “sözleşme hükümleri, taraf davranışları, sözleşmeye uygulanabilir örf ve adet” ve “hakkaniyet ve nesafet veya dostane aracı” tanımlanmış ve maddi hukuk olarak Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim ile ilgili Konvansiyonların ve kurumsal tahkim kuruluşları tahkim kurallarının esasa uygulanacak hukuk klozlarında (şart, hüküm) kullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte uyuşmazlığın çözümüne uygulanmasının uygun olduğuna karar verilen esasa uygulanabilir maddi hukukun seçimi esnasında, taraflar ve hakemler, tarafların aralarında esasa uygulanacak maddi hukuk hakkında kararın yokluğunda veya karar vermekte başarısız oldukları durumda doktrinlerde

belirtilen esasa uygulanacak maddi hukuk tespitinde irade serbestisine sahip olmalarına rağmen, Konvansiyonlarda ve Tahkim Kurallarındaki klozlarda belirtilmiş sınırlamalar ile karşılaşmaktadır.

Uluslararası Ticaret Hukuku yaşayan bir hukuk dalı olarak tanımlanır. Bu nedenle Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim’de uluslararası ticari uyuşmazlığın çözümüne uygulanacak maddi hukuk öngörülebilirlik sağlamalıdır. Dolayısıyla birden çok ulusal hukuk sistemi ile bağlantı içerisinde olan uluslararası ticari uyuşmazlığın belirli bir hukuk sistemi kapsamında çözüme ulaşması nedeniyle uluslararası ticaretin sürekliliği ve gelişiminde sınırlamalara sebebiyet vermemesine çalışılmalıdır.
The relationship between smoking degree based on the Brinkman index with the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte platelet ratio and serum MPV/platelet values in healthy adult smokers
Authors:   Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Medical Faculty of Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, Dewi Ida Ayu Artini , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah ,   Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Medical Faculty of Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, Suryana I Ketut ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy Immunology, Medical Faculty of Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Smoking has been shown to increase systemic inflammation. Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) are indicators of increased platelet activation associated with venous thromboembolic events (VTE). We aim to determine the relationship between smoking degree based on the Brinkman index and the level of inflammation. An observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach was conducted from October to December 2019 involving all adult smokers in the city of Denpasar, Bali, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Correlation test was used to determine the relationship between smoking degrees and NLR, PLR, and MPV/platelets in the subject. It was found that the research subjects had an average age of 37.13 years. Brinkman Index (IB) obtained IB 25-1000 (average 275.5506), with the ratio of mild: moderate: severe degrees are 44:45:11 people. The serum NLR value was 0.09 to 4.49 (mean 1.6633), PLR value was 47.97 to 188.81 (mean 104.4154), and MPV/Plt value 0.02 to 0.08 (mean 0.03). The degree of smoking based on the Brinkman Index in 100 samples, consisting of 44% of light smokers, 45% of moderate smokers and 11% of heavy smokers. Heavy smokers have higher NLR and PLR and lower MPV/Plt. There was no significant relationship between smoking degrees and NLR, PLR, and MPV/Plt (P = 0.494: 0.557: 0.776). All smokers classified as normal nutritional status (22%) and overweight (78%). The Spearman test showed that there was a significant relationship between smoking age and smoking degree (P = 0.000), but none for nutritional status (BMI) and smoking degree (P = 0.155). Pearson correlation test showed that the age of the smoker have no relationship with the ratio of NLR, PLR and MPV/Platelet (P = 0.670: 0.878: 0.229). T-Test result showed no relationship between NLR and PLR with nutritional status (P = 0.074: 0.116). The Mann-Whitney test also showed no relationship between MPV/Plt and nutritional status (P = 0.498). In conclusion, the higher the degree of smoking based on the Brinkman index, the higher the NLR and PLR values. There was no significant relationship between smoking degrees based on the Brinkman Index and serum NLR, PLR, and MPV/Platelet in healthy adult smokers. Keywords: Smoking degrees, Brinkman index, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte platelet ratio, serum MPV/platelet.
PENGUJIAN TEMPERATURE RISE TRANSFORMATOR 3 PHASA 1000 kVA TEGANGAN 20000/400 V
Authors: Sadi Sumardi
Published: January 2021

Panas merupakan salah satu penyebab menurunnya ketahanan isolasi transformator, padahal tipe isolasi transformator mempunyai tingkat ketahanan terhadap suhu yang berbeda-beda. Tujuan pengujian kenaikan suhu adalah untuk mengetahui kenaikan suhu minyak dan belitan transformator. Pengujian menggunakan metode  "Test to steady state by short circuit". Pengujian dilakukan dengan injeksi rugi total secara kontinyu dengan sisi belitan lain di "short circuit ". Kenaikan suhu minyak dan suhu lingkungan dicatat setiap satu jam untuk analisa. Sedangkan suhu belitan dihitung setelah didapat nilai tahanan belitan pada kondisi panas. Diakhir pengujian semua data di analisa dan dilakukan perhitungan sehingga akan diperoleh nilai suhu minyak, suhu belitan TT/TR. Trasformator dikatakan lulus uji jika suhu yang diperoleh tidak melebihi standar yang ditentukan. Kata kunci : transformator, short circuit, test to steady state by short circuit, bahan isolasi, suhu minyak, tahanan, rugi total
SISTEM KONTROL TEMPERATUR MENGGUNAKAN PLC ZELIO SR2 B121 BD, SIMULASI PADA PROTOTYPE RUANGAN DENGAN SUHU 29 °C - 36 °C )
Authors: Ishak Lisa Fitriani
Published: January 2021

Telah dilakukan perancangan dan aplikasi sistem pada alat ini, dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sistem monitoring serta kontrol otomatis temperatur ruangan. Sistem ini terdiri atas perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak. Perangkat keras terdiri atas sebuah Programable Logic Control ( PLC ) tipe Zelio Logic SR2 B121BD, Sebuah rangkaian temperatur LM35 dan Power supply 24 VDC. Perangkat lunak pada sistem ini dibuat dengan menggunakan program zeliosoft versi 4.2. Penelitian ini menggunakan zelio logic sebagai kontrol suhu ruangan dengan prototype berukuran 20 x 40 x 25 cm, dan telah diberi atap seperti rumah dan 4 kipas diletakan di sisi panjang ruangan. Dari hasil uji coba pada alat ini, yang didasarkan pada suhu yang ditetapkan pada saat pemrograman di ladder zelio soft, maka ruangan atau prototip dapat dikendalikan pada suhu 30 ºC - 36 ºC.Kata kunci : PLC, Zelio logic, Sensor LM35
Implementasi Sistem Layanan Informasi Akademik Terintegrasi Web [Studi Kasus : SMK Teknologi Plus Padjadjaran Sukabumi]
Authors: Haris Abdul
Published: January 2021

Pada saat ini, kebutuhan informasi semakin penting sejalan dengan arus globalisasi yang terjadi di seluruh dunia. Seperti halnya pada dunia pendidikan yang memberikan peranan penting terhadap adanya informasi.Sekolah adalah suatu sarana atau tempat dimana kegiatan belajar mengajar terjadi di dalamnya. Sekolah yang memberikan pelayanan pendidikan ini membutuhkan suatu sistem yang canggih dan dapat diandalkan seperti halnya pada pelayanan informasi akademik. Penelitian dilakukan pada SMK Teknologi Plus Padjadjaran Sukabumi. Dari hasil penelitian terdapat beberapa kesulitan dalam mendapatkan informasi tersebut, informasi yang diberikan kepada siswa, guru, maupun pegawai lainnya masih menggunakan kertas-kertas cetakan yang ditempel pada papan pengumuman maupun dari mulut ke mulut.  Hal ini dirasakan sangat lamban dan secara tidak langsung dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan belajar siswa. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada maka dianggap perlu untuk merancang dan membangun suatu sistem informasi layanan akademik terintegrasi web pada SMK Teknologi Plus Padjadjaran Sukabumi sehingga diharapkan dapat  meningkatkan kualitas kerja dan  membantu kinerja semua pihak baik siswa, guru maupun pegawai serta orang tua dan siswa dalam mendapat layanan informasi terkait kegiatan akademik. Kata Kunci : Sistem informasi Akademik,SMK Teknologi Plus Padjadjaran Sukabumi, Web