bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of administrative claims to identify ultrasound enhancing agent use
Authors: Strom Jordan B. , Song Yang , Jiang Wenting , Lou Yingbo , Pfeffer Daniel N. , Massad Omnya E. , Russo Pierantonio
Published: February 2024

Background

Ultrasound enhancing agents (UEAs) are an invaluable adjunct to stress and transthoracic echocardiography (STE) to improve left ventricular visualization. Despite multiple single center studies evaluating UEA use, investigation into the rates, sources of variation, and outcomes of UEA use on a national level in the United States (US) has been limited by lack of validation of UEA codes for claims analyses.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study, 2019–2022, using linked multicenter electronic medical record (EMR) data from > 30 health systems linked to all-payor claims data representing > 90% of the US population. Individuals receiving STE in both EMR and claims data on the same day during the study window were included. UEA receipt as identified by presence of a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) or National Drug Code (NDC) for UEA use within 1-day of the index STE event. We evaluated the performance of claims to identify UEA use, using EMR data as the gold standard, stratified by inpatient and outpatient status.

Results

Amongst 54,525 individuals receiving STE in both EMR and claims data, 12,853 (23.6%) had a UEA claim in EMR, 10,461 (19.2%) had a UEA claim in claims, and 9140 (16.8%) had a UEA claim in both within the 1-day window. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values for UEA claims were 71.1%, 96.8%, 90.8%, 87.4%. and 91.6% respectively. However, amongst inpatients, the sensitivity of UEA claims was substantially lower (6.8%) compared to outpatients (79.7%).

Conclusions

While the overall accuracy of claims to identify UEA use was high, there was substantial under-capture of UEA use by claims amongst inpatients. These results call into question published rates of UEA use amongst inpatients in studies using administrative claims, and highlight ongoing need to improve inpatient coding for UEA use.
Scoping Review: Anesthesiologist Involvement in Alternative Payment Models, Value Measurement, and Nonclinical Capabilities for Success in the United States of America
Authors: Sanghvi Jay , Qian Daniel , Olumuyide Ezekiel , Mokuolu Deborah C. , Keswani Aakash , Morewood Gordon H. , Burnett Garrett , Park Chang H. , Gal Jonathan S.
Published: February 2024

The US healthcare sector is undergoing significant payment reforms, leading to the emergence of Alternative Payment Models (APMs) aimed at improving clinical outcomes and patient experiences while reducing costs. This scoping review provides an overview of the involvement of anesthesiologists in APMs as found in published literature. It specifically aims to categorize and understand the breadth and depth of their participation, revolving around 3 main axes or “Aims”: (1) shaping APMs through design and implementation, (2) gauging the value and quality of care provided by anesthesiologists within these models, and (3) enhancing nonclinical abilities of anesthesiologists for promoting more value in care. To map out the existing literature, a comprehensive search of relevant electronic databases was conducted, yielding a total of 2173 articles, of which 24 met the inclusion criteria, comprising 21 prospective or retrospective cohort studies, 2 surveys, and 1 case–control cohort study. Eleven publications (45%) discussed value-based, bundled, or episode-based payments, whereas the rest discussed non–payment-based models, such as Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (7 articles, 29%), Perioperative Surgical Home (4 articles, 17%), or other models (3 articles, 13%).The review identified key themes related to each aim. The most prominent themes for aim 1 included protocol standardization (16 articles, 67%), design and implementation leadership (8 articles, 33%), multidisciplinary collaboration (7 articles, 29%), and role expansion (5 articles, 21%). For aim 2, the common themes were Process-Based & Patient-Centric Metrics (1 article, 4%), Shared Accountability (3 articles, 13%), and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) (3 articles, 13%). Furthermore, we identified a wide range of quality metrics, spanning 8 domains that were used in these studies to evaluate anesthesiologists’ performance. For aim 3, the main extracted themes included Education on Healthcare Transformation and Policies (3 articles, 13%), Exploring Collaborative Leadership Skills (5 articles, 21%), and Embracing Advanced Analytics and Data Transparency (4 articles, 17%).Findings revealed the pivotal role of anesthesiologists in the design, implementation, and refinement of these emerging delivery and payment models. Our results highlight that while payment models are shifting toward value, patient-centered metrics have yet to be widely accepted for use in measuring quality and affecting payment for anesthesiologists. Gaps remain in understanding how anesthesiologists assess their direct impact and strategies for enhancing the sustainability of anesthesia practices. This review underscores the need for future research contributing to the successful adaptation of clinical practices in this new era of healthcare delivery.
Safety and Effectiveness of an Enhanced Recovery Protocol in Patients Undergoing Burr Hole Evacuation for Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Staartjes Victor E. , Spinello Antonio , Schwendinger Nina , Germans Menno R. , Serra Carlo , Regli Luca
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Enhanced recovery programs may be especially useful in patients with chronic subdural hematoma or hygroma (cSDH), who frequently exhibit frailty and multimorbidity. We aim to evaluate the real-world safety and effectiveness of an enhanced recovery protocol in this population.

METHODS:

From a prospective registry, burr hole evacuations for cSDH carried out under the protocol (including early thromboprophylaxis, no flat bed rest, early mobilization without drain clamping, and early resumption of antithrombotic medication) were extracted, along with those procedures carried out within the past year before protocol change. Propensity score–based matching was carried out. A range of clinical and imaging outcomes were analyzed, including modified Rankin Scale as effectiveness and Clavien–Dindo adverse event grading as safety primary end points.

RESULTS:

Per group, 91 procedures were analyzed. At discharge, there was no significant difference in the modified Rankin Scale among the standard and enhanced recovery groups (1 [1; 2] vs 1 [1; 3], P = .552), or in Clavien–Dindo adverse event grading classifications of adverse events (P = .282) or occurrence of any adverse events (15.4% vs 20.9%, P = .442). There were no significant differences in time to drain removal (2.00 [2.00; 2.00] vs 2.00 [1.25; 2.00] days, P = .058), time from procedure to discharge (4.0 [3.0; 6.0] vs 4.0 [3.0; 6.0] days, P = .201), or total hospital length of stay (6.0 [5.0; 9.0] vs 5.0 [4.0; 8.0] days, P = .113). All-cause mortality was similar in both groups (8.8% vs 4.4%, P = .289), as was discharge disposition (P = .192). Other clinical and imaging outcomes were similar too (all P > .05).

CONCLUSION:

In a matched cohort study comparing perioperative standard of care with a novel enhanced recovery protocol focusing on evidence-based drainage, mobilization, and thromboprophylaxis regimens as well as changes to the standardized reuptake of oral anticoagulants and antiaggregants, no differences in safety or effectiveness were observed after burr hole evacuation of cSDH.
Clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor combined with ranitidine in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer and its effect on serum TNF, IL-2 and T-lymphocyte subsets
Authors: Chen Peng , Liu Bing , Sun Hui
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) combined with ranitidine in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer and its effects on serum TNF, IL-2 and T-lymphocyte subsets.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. Eighty patients with oral ulcers admitted to First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group (n=40). Patients in the control group were given topical treatment with rh-bFGF gel, while those in the experimental group were given oral treatment combined with ranitidine based on the control group, and both groups were treated continuously for 14 days. The therapeutic effect, pain relief time, ulcer healing time, as well as the differences in the levels of inflammatory factors and T-lymphocyte subsets were compared and analyzed between the two groups.

Results: The overall response rate of the experimental group was 92.5%, while that of the control group was 75%, with a statistically significant difference(P=0.03). After treatment, inflammatory factors indexes in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P=0.00). The indexes of T-lymphocyte subsets in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment, with statistically significant differences (P=0.00).

Conclusion: Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor combined with ranitidine is effective in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers, boasting various benefits such as effectively promoting ulcer healing, reducing pain and inflammatory response, and enhancing immune function.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7881

How to cite this: Chen P, Liu B, Sun H. Clinical efficacy of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor combined with ranitidine in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer and its effect on serum TNF, IL-2 and T-lymphocyte subsets. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):679-684. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.12669/pjms.40.4.7881

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among university enrolled medical and non-medical students of Pakistan: An online study
Authors: Muhammad Mudassar Bilal  , Syed Bilal Shah  , Tanzeel Ur Rehman  , Noman Sadiq  , Ghulam Rehmani Lakho
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the awareness, attitude and knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among university-enrolled medical and non-medical undergraduate students of Pakistan.

Methods: Cross-sectional online survey-based study was conducted across institutes in Pakistan from December, 2022 to January, 2023. The study involved university-enrolled undergraduate students across the country. The structured questionnaire was disseminated via Google forms. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data by applying independent sample t-tests and ANOVA.

Results: A total of 249 responses were received. After the exclusion of two responses, the overall awareness score of participants was found to be 2.49 ± 1.33, attitude score of 4.09 ± 1.74, and knowledge score of 3.51 ± 2.13. Female respondents, medical students, unmarried (single), private institutes, and respondents with educated parents achieved relatively higher scores. The overall difference in awareness scores among different regions of Pakistan was also significant (p <0.05). Gender, region, and parental literacy rate also showed effects on participants’ basic life support (BLS) and CPR knowledge (p <0.05).

Conclusions: Overall knowledge and awareness were unsatisfactory and inadequate in university-enrolled undergraduate students, with no one getting a complete score on very basic knowledge questions. Significant differences in awareness, attitude, and knowledge among different regions, genders, and parental literacy rates were found.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7933

How to cite this: Bilal MM, Shah SB, Tanzeel Ur Rehman, Sadiq N, Lakho GR. Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among university enrolled medical and non-medical students of Pakistan: An online study. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):767-772. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7933

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Theory of change framework for program evaluation in Health Professional Education
Authors: Farrukh Khadija
Published: February 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8960

How to cite this: Farrukh K. Theory of change framework for program evaluation in Health Professional Education. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):793. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8960
Μνημειακή προστασία και κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις
Authors: Κώττας Άγγελος
Published: February 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή μελετά τις αστικές μεταβολές και τις κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις που παρατηρούνται στα αστικά σύνολα - πόλεις μετά την ένταξή τους στο δίκτυο προστασίας της παγκόσμιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς της Unesco. Η έρευνά ξεκινά με την κριτική και επισταμένη ανάλυση ζητημάτων μνημειακής προστασίας, κανονιστικών εφαρμογών, κανόνων και συμβάσεων όπως έχουν διατυπωθεί και εφαρμόζονται σήμερα προκειμένου να ανταποκριθούν στους μετασχηματισμούς του 21ου αιώνα. Ασχολείται με τις σύγχρονες αντιλήψεις του αντικειμένου της μνημειακής προστασίας, και την συνεχώς διευρυνόμενη έννοια της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς. Η μελέτη αναπτύσσει επίσης τις πολυσήμαντες διαπλοκές του πολιτιστικού αποθέματος με τον αστικό χώρο, τις πόλεις και την πολιτιστική τους ταυτότητα καθώς και με την αστική, την συλλογική έως και ατομική ταυτότητα των κατοίκων τους. Ακόμη, τα αστικά σύνολα στο δίκτυο της παγκόσμιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς εξετάζονται μέσα από τη σύγχρονη θεωρία προστασίας και τον τρόπο που αυτή διαμόρφωσε την ιδεολογική βάση της Unesco, ως παγκόσμιου φορέα προστασίας. Από τα παραπάνω διαμορφώθηκε το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο της έρευνας πεδίου και το μοντέλο προσέγγισης των παραδειγμάτων εφαρμογών, τα οποία επελέγησαν από τον χώρο της Μεσογείου. Ο γεωγραφικός αυτός χώρος παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον λόγω του πολιτιστικού πλούτου του, των αστικών ιδιαιτεροτήτων του αλλά και των κοινών χαρακτηριστικών των πόλεων που βρίσκονται σε αυτόν και έχουν διαμορφώσει την πολιτιστική του ταυτότητα. Τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της διατριβής αφορούν τη σχέση των δεδομένων πρακτικών μνημειακής προστασίας με την πολιτιστική αειφορία και τις κοινωνικές συνθήκες που αυτή προϋποθέτει. Ακόμη, κατά πόσο οι πρακτικές αυτές αντιλαμβάνονται τις κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις των παγκόσμιων αλλαγών και του κλίματος και κατά πόσο υιοθετούν οικονομικά πρότυπα με στόχο την τουριστική ανάπτυξη και αξιοποίηση, τα οποία πρότυπα εν συνεχεία επηρεάζουν την ερμηνεία και διαχείριση του πολιτιστικού αποθέματος. Το θεωρητικό μοντέλο εντόπισε κριτήρια και ζητήματα διερεύνησης που να επιτρέπουν συγκρίσεις και σε αποκλίνουσες περιπτώσεις. Βάσει αυτού τα παραδείγματα: Βερόνα, Τελ Αβιβ και Κέρκυρα, εξετάστηκαν ως προς τις πολιτισμικές, πολιτιστικές και κοινωνικές τους συνθήκες, την πολιτική που ακολουθούν για την ενίσχυση της σύγχρονης πολιτιστικής τους ταυτότητας μέσα από τη διαδικασία αναγνώρισης της πολιτιστικής τους κληρονομιάς και μέσα από το πλαίσιο προστασίας και ανάδειξής της με απώτερο στόχο την αστική τους ανάπτυξη και αειφορία του πολιτιστικού τους στίγματος. Η διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση της διατριβής στοχεύει σε συμπεράσματα που μπορούν να έχουν εφαρμογή στο σχεδιασμό οργανωμένων στρατηγικών σχετικά με την μνημειακή προστασία σε αστικά σύνολα, καθώς και τη διαχείριση τουριστικών προορισμών-μνημείων, με γνώμονα την ολοκληρωμένη διαφύλλαξη του πολιτιστικού αποθέματος παράλληλα με την κοινωνική προστασία και ανάπτυξη.
Πολιτιστική και οικονομική διπλωματία ως μορφές ήπιας δύναμης
Authors: Μπριάνα Μαρία
Published: February 2024

Στην παρούσα εργασία πραγματοποιείται μια προσπάθεια χαρτογράφησης της ορατής και της αόρατης κρίσης της Ελλάδας, αντλώντας από έννοιες και αναλυτικά εργαλεία των διεθνών σχέσεων, της πολιτικής επιστήμης, της επικοινωνίας και του πολιτισμού. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζονται οι νέες εκείνες παραδοχές κοινωνικής συμπεριφοράς, οι οποίες θα οδηγήσουν τη χώρα στην έξοδο από την κρίση με την εγκαθίδρυση μίας νέας ηθικής τάξης σε ένα μετατραυματικό μέλλον. Η επανατοποθέτηση της Ελλάδας στο διεθνές σύστημα είναι μια συνολική διεργασία η όποια ξεκινά από το άτομο και μεταφέρεται σε επίπεδο συνόλων που διαρκώς αλληλοσυμπληρώνονται μέσω του εντοπισμού ομοιοτήτων και διαφορών μεταξύ των μελών τους. Το επίπεδο ανάλυσης μεταφέρεται στο άτομο, εστιάζοντας σε μεμονωμένες στάσεις και πράξεις, το άθροισμα των οποίων δύναται τόσο να τοποθετήσει όσο και να διαφοροποιήσει ένα κράτος στο επίπεδο της οικονομίας και του πολιτισμού. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο η αμοιβαιότητα, που στην πορεία λειτουργεί και ως δίχτυ προστασίας από την εισβολή και εγκαθίδρυση άλλων στρατηγικών εμφορούμενων από το πνεύμα της εκμετάλλευσης και της προδοσίας, είναι παράγωγο συνεργατικών πρακτικών και μόνο. Σκοπός της έρευνας είναι η σύνδεση ατομικών πρακτικών με τον πλούτο του εθνικού σήματος. Η συνολική προσπάθεια αφορά στη μέτρηση των συμπεριφορικών πεποιθήσεων (behavioral beliefs) των Ελλήνων πολιτών όσον αφορά στις έννοιες της ηθικής της ευθύνης, της συνεργατικής συλλογικής δράσης και της κουλτούρας, αλλά και των αντιλήψεων τους σχετικά με τις έννοιες της δημόσιας διπλωματίας και του εθνικού σήματος της χώρας τους. Το αισιόδοξο μήνυμα που κομίζει η παρούσα έρευνα είναι η έκδηλη συναίνεση της πλειοψηφίας του δείγματος υπέρ της ευθύνης του ατόμου να προχωρά υπό καθεστώς αλληλεξάρτησης, παράγοντας έτσι προστιθέμενη αξία ή αλλιώς ένα «πλούσιο» εθνικό σήμα.
“An Unexpectedly Transgressive Subject of Twentieth-Century History”: How to Write (and Why to Read) about Communist Women Today
Authors: Mrozik Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

This review article discusses two newly-released publications on communist women activists: Kristen Ghodsee’s Red Valkyries: Feminist Lessons from Five Revolutionary Women and The Palgrave Handbook of Communist Women Activists around the World, edited by Francisca de Haan. It focuses on questions of narrative and the persuasive function of the reviewed works, asking how and for whom one should write about communist women today. It brings to light methodological challenges, as well as those related to access to sources on communist women. It also reflects on the place that publications which tell stories of communist women who challenged gender, class, and racial inequalities in the past occupy in the perception of contemporary readers, so often confronted in these times with experiences of inequality and violence.
Drug-resistant epilepsy treated with a vagus nerve stimulator – case report and literature review
Authors: Leśniewski Michał , Brzuchacz Dominika , Błaszczeć Patrycja , Miecznikowska Agata , Siwak Natalia , Welian-Polus Iwona , Szukała Klaudia , Chrościńska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: February 2024

The average incidence of epilepsy worldwide is estimated at 7.60 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, with an average annual incidence of 67.77 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. However, it is not a disease entity, but a set of symptoms that may occur against the background of various morphological and metabolic changes in the brain. Symptoms of epilepsy include epileptic seizures, i.e. temporary disturbances in the bioelectric activity of brain nerve cells.
Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by a persistent predisposition to trigger seizures, and the condition has neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences.
Effective treatment of epilepsy may require the use of various methods. In this paper, we would like to present a case report on the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy using a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS).
The described case may prove the effectiveness of treatment of focal drug-resistant epilepsy using vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Choosing an appropriate, effective method of treating children with drug-resistant epilepsy is crucial; it is especially worth thinking about innovative methods such as VNS.
Pectus Excavatum: A review of current treatment possibilities
Authors: Hedesz Patryk , Taras Andrzej , Woźniak Kinga , Gardian-Baj Monika , Jung Magdalena , Jung Maximilian , Żuk-Łapan Aleksandra , Doryń Aleksandra , Włodarczyk Aleksandra , Popczyńska Justyna
Published: February 2024

Anterior chest wall depression known as Pectus excavatum (PE) , is currently the most common congenital chest wall deformation, with incidence estimated at 1/400 births, five times more frequently in boys than girls (5:1 ratio in occurrence). 1 Etiology of this deformity is formed by several hypothesis, including overgrowth of the ribs, developmental failure of the bony thorax or weakness and abnormal flexibility of the sternum. While theoretical concepts of its origin may differ, the common ground is the characteristics of said deformation: a posterior depression of the sternum and the lower costal cartilages. 2Surgical treatment options were described since 1949 with Ravitch procedure and since then a number of new ones has been developed.

For many years Ravitch and Nuss procedures were the main way to treat pectus excavatum, with a growing bias towards latter one. Since the Nuss procedure characterizes with less invasive approach and fever overall complications 3 its popularity outgrew Ravitch procedure and currently is described as MIRPE – Minimally Invasive Pectus Excavatum Repair. 4 However afterward then many new techniques were developed, focusing on reducing overall procedure risks, improving patient safety and quality of life and including new technical possibilities.

The aim of this study was to gather and evaluate current literature to highlight new treatment options.
Impact of anabolic steroids on male fertility and the role of post-cycle therapy in recovery
Authors: Dorobek Wioleta , Szerej Krzysztof , Walczak Dawid , Stankiewicz Katarzyna , Świeczkowski-Feiz Janusz
Published: February 2024

Introduction: AAS are a group of hormones that greatly influence the strength and size of muscle. They are widely used by athletes and bodybuilders. Yet research indicates that the use of these compounds has significant implications for male reproductive health as well.

The aim of the study: This study was intended to analyze systematically the relationship between AAS use and men's reproductive health; looking at both what influence AAS has on semen quality and male hormone levels and how post-cycle treatment (PCT) might help in the restoration of any adverse effects caused by AS.

Methods: This review was based on available data collected in the PubMed database and Google Scholar web search engine using anabolic-androgenic steroids, male fertility, hypogonadism, post-cycle therapy, and reproductive health.

Results: Results suggest that AAS use can lead to testicular atrophy, while research shows that anabolic steroid abuse impairs normal sperm production. These findings include aspermia, oligospermia, or aspermatogenesis. The time period for recovery of sperm quality is also different after use of anabolic steroids, and all cases are expected to have a profound impact on spermatogenesis over the long term. Anabolic steroids may suppress the HPG axis and decrease the male's fertility hormone, testosterone. If PCT is combined with hCG or SERMs, a person's own regular hormone levels return after 10 weeks with good prospects for recovery from low testosterone.

Conclusion: Studies show that the use of AAS seriously affects the male reproductive system and may even have long-term consequences for this function. PCT seems to offer a reasonable method for re-establishing the hormonal equilibrium and hence proving fertile offspring, which reinforces the need for careful AAS use and monitoring. Further research will be needed before any moves can be taken towards optimizing PCT regimes, in addition to the as-yet-determined long-term consequences for male fertility.
Periodismo narrativo y cine: la crónica de inmersión de John Reed en los filmes Rojos (1981), Campanas Rojas (1982) y Reed, México insurgente (1973).
Authors: Serrano Martín Carlos , López Hidalgo Antonio
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo considera al periodismo de inmersión como el proceso de documentación en el cual el periodista experimenta en primera persona una serie de experiencias con el objetivo de narrarlas desde un punto de vista cargado de empatía. Dichas vivencias se producen en unos ambientes determinados en los que el redactor interactúa con sus habitantes. Esta forma de trabajar encuentra en los géneros narrativos, la crónica o el reportaje son algunos ejemplos, un buen aliado para expresarse. El momento de la escritura es lo que entendemos como periodismo narrativo. Uniendo dos ámbitos culturales, cine y periodismo narrativo, estas líneas se centran en uno de los cronistas más influyentes del siglo XX: John Reed. En concreto, cómo dos de sus trabajos más recordados han servido de inspiración para su adaptación a la gran pantalla.
Immersive journalism in times of lockdowns Periodismo inmersivo en tiempos de confinamientos .
Authors: Benítez de Gracia María José , Herrera Damas Susana , Baía Reis António
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este texto es analizar la cobertura en clave esférica de unos hechos tan inéditos como los confinamientos que se produjeron en todo el mundo en el año 2020 con motivo de la crisis provocada por el covid-19. Pese a las restricciones, algunas producciones permiten documentar audiovisualmente este escenario mundial tan insólito al tiempo que certifican los aciertos y errores en el manejo de un formato tan complejo como versátil para su empleo con un propósito periodístico.
La crónica en los dominios de lo transmedia: posibilidades y desafíos.
Authors: Angulo Egea María , Cabrera Altieri Daniel Horacio , Romero Chamorro Sergio Fabián
Published: February 2024

En este artículo se analiza la crónica o el periodismo narrativo dentro del panorama digital y transmedia actual. Se valoran las posibilidades narrativas y de inmersión de este macrogénero en relación con los desafíos que las nuevas maneras, especializaciones y tecnologías proponen al periodismo contemporáneo. Por medio de un estudio de casos compuesto por crónicas sobresalientes del territorio iberoamericano publicadas en medios digitales en esta última década del siglo XXI, se analiza y evidencia la virtualidad transmedia intrínseca a la crónica y se apuntan opciones colaborativas y gamer a explorar
La necesidad de emplear fuentes de testigos directos para obtener como resultado un trabajo periodístico fidedigno y riguroso.
Authors: Pardo Juárez Patricia Sara
Published: February 2024

El artículo recoge los resultados del análisis de tres obras de no ficción: Cuaderno de Sarajevo, de Juan Goytisolo; Voces de Chernóbil, de Svetlana Alexiévich; e Hiroshima, de John Hersey; consideradas un híbrido entre literatura y periodismo. En un contexto de periodismo en crisis, debido al gran flujo de fake news en Internet, o el intrusismo laboral en la profesión, es necesario remarcar la importancia del uso de fuentes testimoniales.
TUTELA PROVISÓRIA NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Oliveira Silva Beclaute
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a tutela provisória, que no Código de Processo Civil Brasileiro (Lei nº 13.105/2015), passou a compor o Livro V, da respectiva Parte Geral. A sistematização veiculada pelo legislador reuniu em um mesmo lugar as tutelas provisórias de urgência cautela e antecipada, bem como a tutela da evidência. O termo provisório passou a ser gênero e acabou abarcando todas as tutelas anteriormente indicadas. No entanto, deve-se destacar que a tutela cautelar tem com marca ser temporária – vige no tempo enquanto necessária ao processo –, já a tutela provisória de urgência antecipada, possui caráter provisório, no sentido que permanece até que chegue o definitivo. A lei trata ambas como provisória. A tutela provisória de urgência antecipada difere da tutela da evidência, já que nesta a questão da urgência é dispensável, mas nada impede ela venha acontecer. Embora as aludidas tutelas tenham regramentos específicos, elas não perdem o fio condutor da provisoriedade, em sentido amplo. Verificou-se, neste texto a questão da tutela antecipada antecedente e a sua eventual estabilização, trazendo ao debate a polêmica doutrinária e jurisprudencial acerca do momento em que ocorre a aludida estabilização, que não se confunde com a coisa julgada. O estudo aqui apresentado buscou analisar o fenômeno da tutela provisória sob a ótica do pensamento de Pontes de Miranda, máxime, a teoria das cargas de eficácia da ação. Com base nesta premissa, buscou-se trazer para o debate acadêmico um modo técnico apto a melhor compreensão de como restou positivada a tutela provisória no direito brasileiro. Para tanto, o artigo se valeu do método dedutivo, pautado na análise documental dos textos de direito positivo e da doutrina especializada com intuito de dar melhor embasamento à pesquisa realizada. Buscou-se, desta feita, sistematizar as diversas facetas que os provimentos de urgência e da evidência possuem, destacando como eles se tornaram instrumentos capazes de serem fatores de implementação de uma tutela jurisdicional tempestiva e efetiva, concretizando o acesso à justiça e a duração razoável do processo, ao equalizar o ônus do tempo no processo.
A INTERVENÇÃO JUDICIAL COMO TÉCNICA EXECUTIVA NOS PROCESSOS ESTRUTURAIS: LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES DE SUA APLICAÇÃO EM RELAÇÃO AOS ENTES PÚBLICOS
Authors: Martinez Fervenza Cantoario Diego
Published: February 2024

Apesar dos litígios estruturais receberem grande atenção da literatura jurídica, poucos estudos investigaram a execução das decisões estruturais. Nesta área de conhecimento, o papel da intervenção judicial tem sido amplamente negligenciado pela doutrina e este artigo destaca os principais aspectos referentes a este instituto como uma técnica processual nos litígios estruturais. A literatura sobre o tema destaca a importância dessa medida executiva como uma técnica confiável para alcançar o objetivo da melhoria da efetividade judicial, em razão de sua flexibilidade e da possibilidade de monitoramento das atividades dos executados. Neste sentido, nós sustentamos que o caráter de monitoramento de certos tipos de intervenção reduz a assimetria informacional entre as partes, e então permite decisões consensuais sobre as medidas executivas, que são importantes nos litígios de interesse público. Por outro lado, nós discutimos os limites da intervenção, dando atenção particular à separação de poderes e às medidas aplicáveis às entidades públicas. Assim, aponta-se para as vantagens decorrentes da intervenção na modalidade monitoramento, na medida em que implica em intervenção menos drástica, sobretudo ao se considerar as pessoas jurídicas de direito público, de forma a evitar o eventual afastamento de agentes públicos. Do mesmo modo, apresenta-se esta última espécie de intervenção como vantajosa também para a fixação de outras medidas executivas pelo magistrado, na medida em que permite a melhor compreensão do funcionamento da entidade pelo julgador.  Nós concluímos que o Direito brasileiro comporta a aplicação da intervenção judicial, e que o instituto não consiste uma ameaça à separação de poderes, seja em razão do fato de ser menos drástica do que as medidas usadas no processo coletivo, seja em decorrência de seu objetivo de assegurar direitos fundamentais. Empregou-se o método dedutivo como referencial metodológico, com base em pesquisas doutrinárias, que utilizou como revisão de literatura sobre o tema, composta principalmente de artigos científicos, dissertações, e teses acadêmicas.
A DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA COMO PONTE PARA TRANSFORMAÇÕES SOCIAIS: ATIVISMO DIALÓGICO EM PROCESSOS ESTRUTURAIS NA COLÔMBIA
Authors: Peixoto da Cunha França Eduarda
Published: February 2024

É possível que o Poder Judiciário interfira de modo ativo e, ao mesmo tempo, dialógico na superação de quadros calamitosos que envolvem violações sistêmicas e reiteradas a direitos fundamentais? O presente artigo busca responder ao questionamento por meio de uma análise dos efeitos materiais e simbólicos da Sentencia-T025/04 na realidade colombiana. Depois de um período difícil, marcado por conflitos armados em pleno território nacional e uma guerra interna do Estado contra cartéis de drogas, a sociedade colombiana celebrou os anos noventa com entusiasmo, esperança de mudança política e o desejo de construir um Estado de bem-estar social efetivo. A Constituição Colombiana de 1991 veio com grandes escopos transformativos e buscava promover a dignidade humana, liberdade, igualdade e participação política e democrática por meio de dispositivos constitucionais ambiciosos. A Corte Constitucional do país, nesse sentido, passou a exercer um importante papel no que concerne à proteção de direitos fundamentais, de modo que o acesso à justiça tornou-se um poderoso e promissor mecanismo de redistribuição de poder político e social. Adota-se, no artigo, o método dedutivo e pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico-documental. Conclui-se que a expressão “ativismo judicial” é multidimensional e contingente, de modo que utilizá-la de forma arbitrária e subjetiva é travar uma discussão pouco científica e meramente retórica. O termo “ativismo judicial” não pode ser utilizado como um trunfo argumentativo para aqueles que discordam de decisões judiciais sobre determinados temas, a exemplo de decisões envolvendo políticas públicas, pois demandas sobre direitos sociais, econômicos e culturais chegam diariamente ao Poder Judiciário, quer os acadêmicos desejem ou não. O ativismo, desse modo, deve ser estudado em toda a sua complexidade e a partir de todas as suas facetas. Logo, após a análise do caso do deslocamento forçado enfrentado pela Corte Constitucional Colombiana, vislumbra-se a possibilidade de um ativismo dialógico enquanto alternativa interessante para casos que envolvem reformas estruturais pelo Poder Judiciário.
O ESTATUTO DO MAIOR ACOMPANHADO NO SISTEMA PORTUGUÊS - ALGUMAS QUESTÕES PROCESSUAIS
Authors: Varregoso Mesquita Lurdes
Published: February 2024

A significativa mudança de paradigma, provocada pela edição da Lei 49/2018, que internalizou os termos da Convenção de Nova York ao introduzir no ordenamento jurídico português o processo especial de acompanhamento de maior, torna necessária a realização de uma profunda reflexão sobre as condições de possibilidade teórico-normativas para uma adequada configuração do instituto orientada ao seu aproveitamento e melhor efetivação, temas que constituem o objeto do presente estudo. Com a acelerada modificação do status demográfico das sociedades contemporâneas e a deterioração das condições de seguridade e de assistência socioafetiva, a busca pela preservação da capacidade jurídica e do exercício da autonomia pelo próprio indivíduo que, por razões de saúde, deficiência ou pelo seu comportamento, se encontre impossibilitado de exercer pessoal, plena e conscientemente os seus direitos ou de cumprir os seus deveres, o que configura importante desafio aos estudos teórico-dogmáticos e aos operadores práticos do direito. Há uma especial preocupação pelos magistrados e advogados, envolvidos diretamente no processo de acompanhamento, mas que é também extensiva a toda a sociedade. A nova legislaçao levanta o problema dsa condições do exercício da autonomia individual em situação de dificuldadades pessoais, tema que pode ser melhor compreendido por meio de uma análise intrínseca ao ordenamento jurídico português e comparativa. O presente estudo tem como ponto de partida a contextualização e evolução do regime das incapacidades, a nível internacional e nacional, para compreender as alterações processuais inerentes à aplicação de medidas de acompanhamento pela via judicial. No que se refere ao processo, é apreciada, em especial, a sua natureza e caracterização, e são expostos os princípios processuais que enformam os poderes do juiz, ao que se segue a análise de alguns aspectos da tramitação do processo. A exposição tem por base o regime jurídico vigente, a posição da doutrina e algumas decisões jurisprudenciais de referência.
PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS PARA A UTILIZAÇÃO DA ARBITRAGEM PELO PODER PÚBLICO
Authors: De Medeiros Peixoto Ravi , Avelino Murilo
Published: February 2024

Atualmente, não há mais qualquer dúvida sobre a admissibilidade da participação da Fazenda Pública em arbitragem, uma vez que a própria lei da arbitragem o permite. O problema atual é diverso e envolve a identificação dos desafios para a utilização desse outro meio de resolução de conflitos, diante das peculiaridades do regime jurídico do poder público. Vários entes públicos já regulamentaram diversos aspectos para sua utilização, sendo um importante ponto de partida para qualquer discussão sobre o tema, motivo pelo qual muitos desses regulamentos são mencionados durante o texto. O objetivo do artigo é o de identificar e enfrentar as especificidades do regime da arbitragem que envolva a Fazenda Pública. A primeira questão é sobre o conceito de direito patrimonial, buscando identificar em quais hipóteses é possível que haja possibilidade de utilização da arbitragem, partindo de diversos exemplos expressamente mencionados pela legislação. Além disso, também é importante identificar qual a autoridade, dentro da burocracia estatal, com o poder de celebrar esse contrato, de forma a evitar futuras alegações de nulidades. Há também de se identificar alguns limites ao regime da arbitragem com o poder público, diante da exigência de publicidade – como regra – e de que esta seja feita de acordo com o direito, vedada a equidade. Outra dificuldade existente envolve o procedimento a ser utilizado, se ela será institucional ou ad hoc, sendo evidente a preferência pela primeira e a escolha dos árbitros. Por mais que não se possa exigir procedimento licitatório, estes devem ser escolhidos a partir de critérios transparentes. Por fim, enfrenta-se o delicado tema da forma de pagamento da sentença desfavorável ao poder público, se ele pode ser realizado diretamente a partir do orçamento ou se há exigência de utilização do precatório. Por conta da exigência constitucional de utilização do precatório para pagamento de sentenças judiciais proferidas contra a Fazenda Pública e sendo a arbitragem uma forma de exercício de jurisdição, não há como escapar dessa forma obrigatório de pagamento.
PENSAMENTOS SOBRE O ENSINO DO DIREITO DAS CRIANÇAS EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Martingo Cruz Rossana
Published: February 2024

O Direito da Família, onde se enquadra o Direito das Crianças, tem sofrido várias alterações legislativas nas últimas décadas. Na verdade, o seu objeto sempre foi especialmente suscetível às mudanças (sociais, económicas, morais, políticas, etc). A própria noção de família vai alterando com o tempo. O conceito variará conforme a interpretação de cada um, ainda que existam balizas legais que auxiliem a interpretação.  Ainda assim, é clara a evolução que tem ocorrido neste contexto, desafiando o legislador e o intérprete a progredirem e a se adaptarem. Foi esta a premissa do presente texto: analisar autonomamente o Direito das Crianças, perceber os avanços que têm ocorrido nestas matérias e refletir sobre a a forma de transmitir os conteúdos programáticos aos alunos destas temáticas. Os conhecimentos lecionados nas aulas e apreendidos pelos estudantes deverão permitir uma sensibilidade jusfamiliar que lhes servirá na vida prática. Conhecer os princípios e os fundamentos teóricos não será o bastante. A formação nestas matérias deve almejar dotar os estudantes de conhecimentos suficientes para que estes, perante situações concretas, saibam empregá-los. Promover a ciência jurídico-familiar aplicada será um desafio a que julgamos essencial na abordagem destas matérias.
DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL PROCESO MONITORIO COMO HERRAMIENTA ESENCIAL DE LOS SISTEMAS DE JUSTICIA
Authors: Pereira Campos Santiago
Published: February 2024

El proceso monitorio tiene por finalidad la rápida creación de un título de ejecución (llamado también “título ejecutivo” en algunos países), considerando la baja probabilidad de oposición del demandado. Para ello, se resuelve inicialmente sobre la pretensión del actor (o se intima el cumplimiento de la obligación del requerido, según los sistemas), dándose luego al demandado la oportunidad de oponerse. Si el demandado no se opone, la decisión inicial puede ejecutarse (título de ejecución). Si el demandado se opone, se abre el debate con pleno cumplimiento del derecho de defensa. La técnica monitoria, se presenta como una estructura procesal especial en la cual hace al monitorio tanto el requerimiento de cumplimiento (resolución inicial) como la eventual fase de oposición que se genere (sea que se sustancie por los trámites ordinarios o se siga una estructura sumaria). Se trata de alcanzar la máxima eficiencia y eficacia descargando de trabajo al juez en gran parte de los casos, para permitir que los asuntos que requieran mayor estructura procesal y oralidad puedan disponer de ella en el proceso ordinario. Un adecuado diseño del proceso monitorio no infringe los principios fundamentales del debido proceso. El texto trae algunas experiencias comparadas como Alemania, Ecuador, Colombia, Uruguay y Brasil. En el marco de la digitalización plena del proceso y la ayuda de la inteligencia artificial, podría concebirse un proceso monitorio incluso sin patrocinio letrado, con la solicitud diseñada como un simple formulario digital, para casos específicos donde sea baja la probabilidad de oposición del demandado (sea por el sistema de incentivos o por el alto porcentaje de fiabilidad de la pretensión del actor, dependiendo de sistemas puros o documentales). Ello, en el contexto latinoamericano de excesiva litigación permitiría contar con una herramienta eficiente, que descargaría a juezas y jueces de parte importante de su tarea, pudiendo abocarse a la dirección de las audiencias de los procesos odinarios y sumarios o a los proporcionalmente pocos casos en que se abra el debate en los procesos monitorios.
Publishing a Research: Shared Experiences of Preservice Teachers as Novice Researchers in Research Journals
Authors: Catama Bryan V. , Garcia Kenneth C. , Balinhawang Harold B. , Bobadilla Kaye Genamari P. , Chiok Joseph Samuel T. , Diwata Jackielyn P. , Ferrer Jeff Jerico F. , Gacelan Kimberly B. , Carreon John Miguel D.
Published: February 2024

Publishing research is crucial and is of utmost significance. However, it is a daunting task for most researchers, especially if one is a beginner with very limited experience. The generalizability of much of the previously published research was limited to the negative aspects of the publishing process rather than the whole circumstances they had to face. Therefore, this article sought to explore the experiences of preservice teachers as novice researchers in publishing their research outputs in a research journal. This study employed a qualitative-phenomenological approach. Five major themes emerged from the interview with eight purposively selected former preservice teachers who had first-time encounters in publishing that the research investigates. These themes were encapsulated through the acronym “FLAME,” namely: (a) facing personal circumstances, (b) leveraging positive dispositions, (c) acknowledging dependency on research promoter, (d) meeting publishing standards, and (e) encountering poor physical and mental well-being. This article concludes that the journal publishing process is a multidimensional and enriching experience, providing the full spectrum of positive and negative experiences for novice researchers. This paper highlighted some implications that can be used as a guide to support novice researchers in the publication process.
Future Kindergarten Educators' Views Regarding the Role of Language as One of the Core Kindergarten Curriculum Areas
Authors: Petek Tomaž
Published: February 2024

Kindergarten educators represent the first contact of children with the institutional environment. In this article we assume that kindergarten educators have a significant impact on children's perception of their first/mother tongue and their language development. Language is one of the core kindergarten curriculum areas in which the educator needs to be adequately empowered to set an example for the children, while at the same time developing their communicative competence which is the basis for (later) efficient communication. We carried out a questionnaire-based survey involving 236 students pursuing early childhood education in all three public universities in the Republic of Slovenia which prepares students for the role of kindergarten educators in order to study their perceptions of the language. The questionnaire-based survey was answered by students in their first and third years i.e., when starting and finishing their studies. A large majority of future kindergarten educators consider their positive attitude towards language in general to be extremely important for kindergarten children as language forms the basis for all other curriculum areas. Also, when surveyed, almost all future kindergarten educators considered it essential to be proficient in the language and to encourage language development in children by following their own example. Furthermore, they believe it is important to have a well-developed linguistic capability (language knowledge), to have the capability of crafting linguistically accurate written content and to master a suitable literary expression.
ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL DAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE RESISTÊNCIA, TENSÃO, CORRENTE E POTÊNCIA ELÉTRICA
Authors: Paiva Flávio Gil Alves , Teixeira Ricardo Roberto Plaza
Published: February 2024

O propósito deste trabalho é examinar as relações entre os conceitos de resistência (R), tensão (V), corrente (I) e potência elétrica (P) por meio de equipamentos de física básica. Os experimentos que foram realizados produziram resultados qualitativos e quantitativos. Os materiais foram usados com o intuito de envolver conceitos fundamentais de eletricidade e as atividades práticas foram elaboradas para que os resultados obtidos pudessem tornar mais compreensíveis estes conceitos. Em particular, a dependência da resistência elétrica com o comprimento e com a área da seção reta de um condutor é analisada estudada experimentalmente, tanto de modo qualitativo, como de modo quantitativo. Experimentos como estes podem incentivar o interesse dos alunos por assuntos de Física, estimulam o conhecimento pela ciência e colaboram para a compreensão de fenômenos frequentemente considerados contraintuitivos.