bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of galectin-3 and brain natriuretic peptide levels on echocardiographic parameters of left heart chamber following coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Styazhkina Yulia A. , Grishina Irina F. , Poletaeva Nina B. , Peretolchina Tatyana F. , Nikolaenko Olga V.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: The article analyzes changes of echocardiographic (EchoCG) parameters of the left chamber over time and their relationship with galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and various recovery periods.
AIM: To assess the diagnostic value of left heart chamber remodeling, non–conventional markers NT-proBNP and galectin-3 in predicting the risk of prolonged recovery in patients with CAD following CABG.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 100 men with CAD following CABG were enrolled. Group 1 included 58 patients who returned to work 4 months after the surgery. Group 2 included 42 patient with recovery period over 4 months. All patients had EchoCG, galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels were determined 1 and 4 months after CABG.
RESULTS: One and 4 months after revascularization, left atrial sphericity index, left ventricular sphericity index, and myocardial mass index in Group 2 were higher compared to both control group (p=0.01) and Group 1 (p=0.01). By Month 4 of rehabilitation, patients with a prolonged rehabilitation period had high end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters and lower left ventricular ejection fraction compared to Group 1 (p=0.01). A comparative analysis of diastolic function in both study groups showed an impaired active relaxation and increased LV myocardial stiffness, which were higher in patients with a prolonged recovery period. Throughout the rehabilitation period, galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels in patients with prolonged CABG recovery were significantly higher than those in patients with rapid recovery (p=0.01).
CONCLUSION: The determined patterns of EchoCG parameters and biochemical markers are expected to identify special populations with CAD following CABG and an increased risk of prolonged recovery at baseline, which will help determine examinations and follow-up care.
Assessment of long-term changes in subvalvular aortic stenosis in patients following transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Bazylev Vladlen V. , Voevodin Andrey B. , Masyutin Alexey S.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: The clinical course, pathophysiology, and therapeutic options for valvular and subvalvular (accompanied by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM) aortic stenosis are well known separately, but the rare combination of severe aortic stenosis (AS) and obstructive HCM presents great diagnostic and treatment challenges. The combination of these diseases during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is associated with significantly worse hospital outcomes, including cardiogenic shock, renal failure, and death. There is evidence that TAVI without prior treatment of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction leads to higher mortality due to exacerbation of subvalvular obstruction.
AIM: To evaluate changes in hypertrophy of interventricular septum (IVS) in patients with a combination of AS and HCM following TAVI.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The observational, retrospective, single-center, non-randomized study included 20 patients with diagnosed severe AS, preoperative IVS thickness ≥15 mm, and the preoperative ratio of IVS and left ventricular posterior wall thickness ≥1.3, following TAVI. Mean and maximum follow-up periods were 33 and 92 months, respectively. The primary endpoint was decreased IVS thickness following TAVI as determined by echocardiography.
RESULTS: The average age of patients was 72.4±5.5 years, more than half of the subjects were women. 60% of patients were diagnosed with coronary artery disease at the time of TAVI. Pre- and postoperative median IVS thicknesses were 17.7±2.2 and 14.4±3.2 mm, respectively. Long-term outcomes of TAVI included a significant decrease in hypertrophy of IVS (p=0.031) IVS thicknesses mainly decreased over the period up to 24 months after surgery. Cox regression analysis found that each year of patient’s age increased the risk of no postoperative decrease in IVS thickness after surgery by 12% every month.
CONCLUSION: There was a statistically significant decrease in hypertrophy of IVS in patients who underwent TAVI. In most cases, IVS thickness decreased within 2 years after surgery. Each year of patient’s age increased the risk of no postoperative decrease in IVS thicknesses by 12% every month.
Wiersze Mariusza Olbromskiego o walczącej Ukrainie
Authors: Meniok Wiera
Published: January 2025

Artykuł jest poświęcony kontekstom i przesłaniom tomiku wierszy Mariusza Olbromskiego Przeminą dymy, rozkwitną róże. Wiersze o walczącej Ukrainie, będącego reakcją autora na wojnę w Ukrainie oraz inspirowanego duchem Słowackiego i martyrologią polską. Przekaz wierszy jest odczytywany poprzez konteksty doświadczeń niepokoju i ocalenia dominujących w poezji Różewicza i Miłosza z okresu II wojny światowej, a także poprzez „charkowską pisownię” współczesnej poezji Serhija Żadana. Tomik Olbromskiego to opowieść wierszem o grozie i ocaleniu oraz specyficzna odmiana poezji okolicznościowej, nawiązująca do zapomnianego fenomenu: Pieśni polskie (Polenlieder) – wiersze niemieckich poetów pisane po klęsce powstania listopadowego, będące wyrazem wsparcia dla powstańców, niemieckiego entuzjazmu dla Polski (Polenbegeisterung). Wizje, refleksje i przeżycia splatają się w zbiorze w kilka odsłon i wciąż powracają do kluczowych toposów, figur, głosów, wśród których: dom, droga, rzeki, miasta, świątynie, kapłani, Anioły, Anhelli, Słowacki, Chopin, Skoworoda, Schulz, Żadan. Opowieść wierszem toczy się przed i podczas katastrofy, której ukazanie stanowi kulminację tomu.
Potential of physical culture and sports local lore in patriotic education of young people
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Shakhov Artem A.
Published: January 2025

Currently, activities aimed at improving the effectiveness of patriotic education of the population in the Russian
Federation can hardly be overestimated. A promising tool in this direction is physical culture and sports local lore. However,
to date, it has been poorly studied both in theory and in practice. The purpose of the study is to determine the potential of
physical culture and sports local lore in the issues of patriotic education of young people. Research methods: analysis of
information sources and personal experience in matters of patriotic education. The conducted research made it possible to
determine the current state of the system of patriotic education in the Russian Federation, the potential of physical culture
and sports local studies in this matter, including indicators of the personality of a patriot in this context.
The influence of flexibility on the formation of basic taekwondo techniques in children aged 10–12 years
Authors:   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Milyaeva Karolina R. , Akindinova Marina M. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow State Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev
Published: January 2025

In the practice of preparing athletes for high-level competitions, special physical training is of great importance,
namely the application of a variety of means and methods that are used in practice by high-level athletes in training before
the competition. The article presents the results of a research conducted with the participation of students of the first
year of study and more than one year of training in taekwondo, during which such methods as pedagogical observation,
pedagogical experiment, testing method, methods of mathematical and statistical data processing were used. In the course
of the study, it was revealed that the influence of flexibility education on the formation of basic taekwondo techniques in children aged 10–12 years is very important, since in taekwondo it is taken as the basis for blows to the head, and even
blows to the body. The authors note that with reduced flexibility, athletes lose most of their strength during combat. Taking
into account the data obtained, the possibility of planning the direction of loads, improving the quality of training and the
need to pay more attention to stretching during training are shown.
Development of biomimetic sensors to determine the functionality of in vitro cell models
Authors: FRANGEŽ MATJAŽ , GLISIK NOAH EMIL , KAISER MAŠA , VEZJAK JARO , TERDIN JURE , ŽNIDARŠIČ MATIC , ŽNIDARŠIČ MATIC , ZIDARIČ TANJA , MAVER TINA
Published: January 2025

Advances in biomedical science have enabled the development of in vitro models that mimic human tissues. Non-invasive real-time monitoring of these models would provide valuable insights without disrupting the cellular environment. This study explores the use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for this purpose, focusing on insulin and lactate as biomarkers of cellular metabolism. MIP sensors were created by electropolymerizing pyrrole around insulin or lactate templates on carbon electrodes. The sensors showed high sensitivity and selectivity, with detection ranges of 20.0–70.0 pM for insulin (LOD: 2.41 pM) and 0.5–3.0 mM for lactate. These findings highlight MIPs’ potential for personalized diagnostics and therapy monitoring.
Moderni habsburški popisi prebivalstva v Cislajtaniji in njihove zlorabe v avstrijsko-ilirskem Primorju iz perspektive ohranjenih popisnih listov (zapisnic in naznanilnic)
Authors: Pletikosić Ivica
Published: January 2025

Statistična literatura, ki vsebuje podatke za obdobje habsburških modernih popisov prebivalstva, je nastala na podlagi izračunov občinskih uradnikov. Le ti so listali zapisnice in naznanilnice ter izračunane podatke pošiljali na Dunaj v tisk državni tiskarni. Ponovno preverjanje teh virov ponuja povsem nov zorni kot gledanja na obravnavane popise prebivalstva. Smoter članka je predstaviti največje razlike med uveljavljenimi resnicami in pogledom iz tega novega zornega kota.
Urban hierarchy and spatial interaction in the regional urban system in Dobrogea, Romania
Authors: Matei Gheorghe
Published: January 2025

A region has a certain area within which there is a certain number of cities that are different in the number of the inhabitants, located at different distances from each other, forming an urban system that is based on the multitude of relationships between them. This study investigates the hierarchy of the 16 cities that make up the regional urban system of Dobrogea, as well as the spatial interaction between them. To achieve these goals, several models were used, such as those of Zipf, Beckman, and Reilly-Converse, and the Jefferson index. The results of the study indicate the urban primacy (hypertophy) of the largest city in the territory located between the Danube and the Black Sea, Constanța, as well as the macrocephaly of its regional urban system. Zipf's law shows the incoherence, the imbalance of the urban system and divides its cities into plethoric cities and deficit cities. The same characteristics of the urban system are also confirmed by Beckman's law. By applying the Reilly-Converse law, the zone of influence of the city of Constanța was delimited, almost 38% of the entire area of the Dobrogea region.
Technology Validation of Leguminous Plants Enzyme-based Formulated Feeds for Hog Industries
Authors: Bollido Marcos E. , Gomba Felisa E.
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aims to validate Leguminous Plants Enzyme Based Formulated Feeds (LPEBFF) nutrient content; comparative analysis of LPEBFF versus Commercial Feeds (CF); growth performance of hogs; cost of feeds; meat quality and to determine the significant difference among hogs in terms of growth performance, quality of meat and cost using the LPEBFF and commercial feeds. Methods: The study utilized an experimental and descriptive research design using a quantitative research method. T0 with 100% CF, T1 50% CF and 50% LPEBFF and T2 100% LPEBFF. Nine heads of hog were allocated in the study. Result: T2 displayed a significant crude protein content while a gradual decrease in its crude fiber content occurred subsequently. In T0 hogs achieved the highest mean weight of 60.32 kg, followed by T1 36.44 kg and T2 19.31 kg. T0 with 100% CF, shows the highest total expenses, amounting to 11,452.66, as compared to T1 8,956.33 and T2 6,463.33. Positive profit for T2 740.84, with potential financial benefit. In contrast, both T0 and T1 show negative profits, indicating financial losses. General acceptability of meat quality consistently rises from T0 to T2, culminating in the mean score of 5.96 in T2 signifying a favorable result in the overall evaluation. Meat quality on appearance and thickness between CF and LPEBFF less than 0.001 was obtained and the correlation is significant less than 0.05 favorable in T2.
Combining Biosafety Experts’ Evaluations and Workers’ Perceptions to Disclose Biological Risks in Biomedical Laboratories
Authors: Vourtsis Dionysios , Papageorgiou Efstathia , Kriebardis Anastasios , Karikas George Albert , Van Willigen Gijsbert , Kotrokois Kostas , Dounias Georgios , Karkalousos Petros
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This paper focuses on examining the biological risks in biomedical laboratories of public hospitals in Athens, Greece, by combining expert evaluations and laboratory workers’ perception. It also aimed to review how personnel managed biological materials, assess the level of safety awareness and training of workers, and propose hazards mitigation actions according to local legislation and international biosafety guidelines. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) laboratories in 20 hospitals were evaluated for biosafety containment specifications and adherence to biosafety procedures. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey using a checklist and a detailed health and safety (H&S) questionnaire, focusing on biosafety and biorisk management. An expert biosafety officer inspected and completed a checklist for each laboratory (n=36) across the 20 hospitals. Additionally, 415 lab professionals completed a biosafety-specific health and safety questionnaire. Results: Both the checklists and questionnaires revealed that, although some positive findings were observed, a significant percentage of laboratories lacked effective management of biological agents and materials overall. The main deficiencies identified included restricted access, safety equipment, standard operating procedures (SOPs), biorisk management systems, risk assessments, biosafety manuals, biosafety officers, accident reporting, and biosafety training programs. Conclusion: The significant shortcomings in some areas of engineering and administrative controls, as well as in the implementation of Greek and European biosafety legislation, demonstrate that the laboratories do not fully comply with  internationally accepted BSL-2 standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more comprehensive and proactive measures, adequate biosafety training for workers, and stricter enforcement of existing laws and directives to ensure the safety of laboratory professionals, the community, and the environment.
K4DD Mpox Health Evidence Summary No 9
Authors: Mujuru Sithandiwe
Published: January 2025

Bi-weekly Mpox Health Evidence Summaries aim to signpost FCDO and others to the latest relevant evidence on Mpox.
Integration Testing Criteria for Serverless Applications
Authors:   , Winzinger Stefan
Published: January 2025

The development of systems executed natively in the cloud is steadily increasing. In particular, serverless computing is used more often. Because of their statelessness, serverless functions enable an effective scaling of the system. The utilized functions are well-testable in isolation. However, integrating individual components creates a problem space that needs to be tested. Additionally, its complexity can rapidly change caused by a constantly evolving environment. Therefore, this work investigates how integration testing of such systems can be supported. Firstly, it is investigated how the relevant characteristics can be modeled to analyze the system and create test cases with them. Additionally, several potential coverage criteria based on the control and data flow between components are introduced. This work also demonstrates how these criteria can be implemented in serverless applications and how test cases can be automatically generated using models. Finally, the coverage criteria are evaluated using mutation testing with various applications.
Using a Fast Neutral Source and Glow Discharge Plasma to Improve the Adhesive Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Komlev Andrey , Kudryavtseva Darya , Neustroev Ilya , Altynnikov Andrey , Tsymbalyuk Andrey , Gagarin Alexander , Platonov Roman
Published: January 2025

A fast-neutral flux generated from a glow gas discharge using a custom-designed source has been proposed to improve the adhesion of PTFE surfaces. The effects of glow discharge parameters and the composition of the working gas on the activation process were evaluated through contact angle measurements and subsequent surface energy calculations. PTFE surfaces treated in an argon atmosphere exhibited the most significant hydrophilic and adhesive properties, achieving a water contact angle as low as 13∘ and surface energy values of 82 mN/m, with an exceptionally high polar component. The optimal effect was observed when the optical spectrum of the plasma showed maximum intensity peaks in the UV range at wavelengths between 310 and 315 nm. The outcomes of this proposed method were then compared with those obtained using conventional industrial techniques for enhancing adhesion.
Design of a Compact Unified SIW Cavity Filtenna Module for Antenna Array Application
Authors: Altynnikov Andrey , Platonov Roman , Sosunov Alexey , Legkova Tatyana , Komlev Andrey , Kozyrev Andrey Borisovich
Published: January 2025

The design of multilayer SIW cavity-fed filtenna is presented. The proposed filtenna can be used as a unified module in antenna arrays structure. It consists of 3-pole bandpass filter with slot antenna positioned centrally within the top module surface. The modules aperture dimensions λ0/2×λ0/2 in conjunction with SMA feeding port located on the bottom filtenna surface allow to implement an antenna array of different configurations. This approach allow to greatly simplify the feeding and matching scheme of the array. This module is designed to operate 2.655 GHz central frequency with a 70 MHz bandwidth. The procedure of the filtenna design is described in detail The proposed filtenna is fabricated and tested. Simulation and measurement results show a good agreement. The measurements demonstrate the maximum measured gain of the prototype is 3.64 dBi with a small variation in the passband.
Exploring the Predictors for the Uptake of an Additional Maternal Vaccine Under the Immunization Programme in India
Authors: Hora Rhythm , Ray Arindam , Kumari Amrita , Dutta Mili , Mehra Rashmi , Kaur Amanjot , Quadri Syed F , Koshal Seema Singh , Singh Shyam Kumar , Sultana Abida , Roy Arup Deb
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Maternal immunization (MI) has evolved over the past decade, protecting both mother and offspring from infectious diseases. In India, only one vaccine, tetanus toxoid (TT)/ tetanus and diphtheria (Td), is available under the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) for pregnant women. However, the basket of MI can be expanded by introducing the additional maternal vaccines in the immunization schedule. The study aims to explore the potential predictors for the uptake of additional maternal vaccines under UIP.
Methodology: For the study, relevant data was extracted from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted during 2019-21. A cross-sectional sample of women aged 15-49 years who had given birth in the past 5 years was analyzed. Bivariate statistics and logistic regression analysis were employed to assess the predictors for pregnant women's interaction with healthcare workers (HCWs) during 3rd trimester of pregnancy using Stata 17 software. This measure was used as a proxy to gauge readiness for new vaccine introductions, like RSV, administered during the third trimester.
Results: Information from 174,483 women was included in the study. Of them, 59.3% went for four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits, and a significant proportion (83.8%) received tetanus injections. The number of antenatal visits and tetanus injections during pregnancy emerged as strong predictors, with higher ANC visit frequencies with increased odds of meeting with healthcare workers (HCWs) during the third trimester of pregnancy. Further, younger age (20-24 years), middle wealth index group, and residence in rural areas were identified as positive predictors while higher levels of education emerged as a negative predictor.
Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of ANC visits and tetanus vaccine uptake in engaging pregnant women with HCWs during the third trimester. These factors indicate readiness for potential interventions, like the RSV vaccine, and suggest leveraging ANC visits for introducing new maternal immunization vaccines.
Analysis of The Difference of Foxtail Millet Characteristics in Different Years and The Judging of The Stability and Distinctness
Authors: Junjian Ji , Ahong Huo , Shujun Kou , Guoqing Fu , Lingwei Chen , Zhenxing Zuo , Yao Wang
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to explore the differences in the expression of foxtail millet characteristics between different years, and scientifically determine the stability within foxtail millet varieties and the distinctness between varieties. Using 69 foxtail millet germplasm resources as test materials, data on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of foxtail millet were obtained by the method of testing the DUS of foxtail millet. The 3-year testing data showed that the absolute average variation degree (ⅠVDⅠ) of each quantitative characteristic were as follows: single panicle weight 69.06%, peduncle length 45.99%, stem length 44.25%, single-grain number 39.90%. The absolute average variation degree (ⅠVDⅠ) of other characteristics were lower than 26.00%. The variation rates (VR) of each qualitative characteristic were as follows: dehusked grain color 35.21%, seedling leaf posture 32.39%, first leaf tip shape 25.35%, grain shape 25.35% , panicle shape 23.94%. The variation rates (VR) of other characteristics were lower than 16.00%. Compared with 2021, the average variation degree (VD) of 13 quantitative characteristics in 2022 were positive except for the negative average variation degree of heading stage, number of elongated internodes and number of culms per panicle. Compared with 2022, the average variation degree (VD) of the 10 quantitative characteristics in 2023 were negative except for the positive average variation degree of bristle length, width of blade, panicle density, single-grain number, single panicle weight and grain yield per panicle. The expression of different characteristics in foxtail millet varied in different years, and the corresponding variation should be referenced for different characteristics.
TOR Mediates Stress Responses Through Global Regulation of Metabolome in Plants
Authors: Yang Lin , Zhang Ran , Zhang Huan , Yang Yingyu , Fu Liwen
Published: January 2025

The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved atypical Ser/Thr protein kinase found in yeasts, plants, and mammals. In plants, TOR functions as a central signaling hub, playing a crucial role in the precise orchestration of growth and development. Extensive studies have underscored its significance in plant signaling by highlighting its integral role in these processes. Recent research has further elucidated TOR's multifaceted roles in plant responses to environmental stresses, emphasizing its importance in stress adaptation. In this review, we will discuss recent findings on the involvement of TOR signaling in plant adaptation to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, mounting evidence indicates TOR’s role in mediating the plant transcriptome. Therefore, we will specifically discuss TOR-regulated metabolome reprogramming in plant response to different stresses.
How “Rational” Is Corruption in Urban Public Urban Government?
Authors: Gordon Cameron Elliott
Published: January 2025

Public corruption has long been a scourge for city governments. Current - and speculative - UN estimates of the costs of corruption of all forms amount to 5% of global GDP, a sizable number. In some places, and in some cities especially, the problem is more extensive and proportionally more costly. Rational actor models have become the dominant mode of analysis in the corruption arena, especially bribery, which sees actors as rational seekers of gain through transactions undertaken for mutual gain between corrupt parties though at the cost of the greater good. However, urban corruption takes many forms, and there has always been a recognition that, at a minimum, corruption may start out as rational and transactional but that it can build into something more relational and cultural, especially in dense cities with extensive political and social complexes such as local government "machines". This paper reviews the evolution of the concept of corruption over time and the urban corruption literature in particular to explore various patterns that have emerged in types and motivations of corrupt behavior at the municipal government level. The discussions closes with a template of urban corruption types encompassed in a number of “spheres”, with rational/transactional models explaining some instances, but others being more non-rational and social in nature.
Predominant Pneumococcal Serotypes in Isolates Producing Invasive Disease in a Spanish Region: Study of Their Relationship with Clinical Factors, Antimicrobial Resistance and Vaccination Coverage
Authors: Diab Casares Laura , Tormo Palop Nuria , Hernández Felices Francisco Javier , Artal Muñoz Violeta , Floría Baquero Pedro , Medina Gonzalez Rafa , Cortes Badenes Sonia , Fuster Escrivá Begoña , Gil-Brusola Ana , López-Hontangas Jose Luis , Roig Sena Fco Javier , Vanaclocha Luna Herme , Guna Serrano Remedio , Gimeno Cardona Concepción
Published: January 2025

Pneumococcus is a significant pathogen due to its high morbidity and mortality rates, especially among vulnerable populations. This study investigates the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in the Region of Comunidad Valenciana, analyzing data from 1587 isolates collected between 2014 and 2023. Serotyping and antimicrobial sensitivity were assessed, and whole genome sequencing was conducted on 104 isolates to examine clonal relationships. The study found that serotype 8 was the most common (17.5%), followed by serotype 3 (14.7%). There were significant variations in serotype distribution over the years, with serotype 8 increasing notably from 2019 onwards, while serotype 19A has decreased. Age was a significant factor, with serotype 8 being more prevalent in individuals older than 10 years. The overall patient recovery rate was 72%, with the higher mortality observed in serotypes 3 and 15A. Vaccination rates were higher among children under five, and the study highlighted the necessity for continuous monitoring of vaccine efficacy. Antimicrobial resistance was most significant for erythromycin (20%) and clindamycin (16%), with serotypes 19A and 6C showing the highest resistance rates. Whole genome sequencing revealed that ST53 and ST180 were the predominant sequence types for serotypes 8 and 3, respectively, reflecting global trend. The study underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance to adapt vaccination strategies and antimicrobial treatments, given the dynamic nature of pneumococcal epidemiology and resistance patterns. The findings also emphasize the need for targeted interventions to manage high-risk serotypes and improve patient outcomes.
MRI-Guided Multi-Catheter High-Dose-Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy for Uterine Cervical Cancer
Authors: Yamazaki Hideya , Masui Koji , Yoshida Ken , Suzuki Gen , Takenaka Tadashi , Yamada Kei , Kotsuma Tadayuki , Takaoka Yuji , Fujiwara Kei , Tanaka Yutaka , Tanaka Eiichi
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of unique magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) for locally advanced cervical cancer that is unsuitable for intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) or intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy (ICISBT). Methods: We analyzed the clinical outcomes, including toxicity, of 68 previously untreated patients with cervical cancer treated between 2014 and 2024. Results: The median high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) was 53.20 cc (range, 16.34–147.03 cc) at ISBT. With a median follow-up time of 37.5 months (7-115 months), the three-year local control, progression-free survival, and overall survival rates were 89.8%, 52.4%, and 70.9%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed significant associations of histology with local control, overall treatment times, HR-CTV volume with overall survival rate, over all treatment times, and HR-CTV volume and M category with progression-free survival. Toxicity grade 3 were occurred in 12 patients (17.6%) consist of 4 genitourinary (5.8%), 7 gastrointestinal (10.2%) toxicities. Conclusion: MRI-guided ISBT is an effective treatment strategy for obtaining a favorable local control rate for selected advanced diseases with an acceptable complication rate. 　Future research is warranted to elucidate who is a good candidate for MRI-guided ISBT.
Impact of Maintenance Immunosuppression Regimen on Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Kinetics In Kidney Transplant Recipients Receiving ChAdOx1 as Primary Vaccination
Authors: Reis Julia Soares , Souza Roberto Matias , Tedesco-Silva Helio , Requião-Moura Lúcio , Pestana José Medina , Foresto Renato Demarchi
Published: January 2025

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes due to chronic immunosuppression, which can impair vaccine efficacy. While mycophenolate sodium (MPS) and azathioprine (AZA) are commonly used immunosuppressive agents, their influence on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics remains unclear. This study compares the humoral response in KTRs receiving MPS or AZA after ChAdOx1 primary vaccination. Methods: This prospective, observational, single-center study included 89 KTRs who had undergone transplantation and seroconverted following ChAdOx1 vaccination. Patients were grouped based on maintenance immunosuppression: MPS (n=51) or AZA (n=38). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers and neutralizing antibody activity were measured at screening and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-transplant. Linear regression models and generalized estimating equations were applied to analyze group and time effects. Results: At baseline, IgG titers were 12,059.2 AU/mL (MPS) and 14,369.3 AU/mL (AZA), with both groups experiencing a decline at month 1 (9,483.9 AU/mL and 11,023.5 AU/mL, respectively). By month 12, titers stabilized at 11,626.8 AU/mL (MPS) and 13,851.4 AU/mL (AZA; p=0.286). Neutralizing antibody activity was initially higher in the AZA group (0.924 vs. 0.764 at baseline; p=0.006) but converged with the MPS group by month 3 (0.937 vs. 0.871; p=0.161). Booster doses significantly enhanced responses, with a mean gain of 0.175 in neutralizing activity over 12 months. Conclusions: AZA offers a transient early advantage in humoral responses compared to MPS, but long-term antibody kinetics were comparable. Booster doses are critical for sustaining immunity in KTRs, underscoring the need for tailored vaccination strategies in this population. These findings may guide clinical decisions during pandemic scenarios.
Leadership Practices of Malita LGU Officials: Assessing Employees' Perceptions of Readiness for Work-from-Home Arrangements
Authors: Fajinmi John , Oloyede Joseph
Published: January 2025

This study examines the leadership practices of Local Government Unit (LGU) officials in Malita and their influence on employees' perceptions of readiness for work-from-home (WFH) arrangements. Amid the increasing adoption of remote work policies in the public sector, understanding leadership's role in facilitating successful transitions to WFH settings is crucial. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with LGU employees and officials to assess key factors such as communication strategies, decision-making processes, and support mechanisms. Findings reveal that transparent communication, adaptive leadership styles, and robust technical support significantly enhance employees' confidence and capability for remote work. Conversely, challenges such as inadequate digital infrastructure and resistance to change hinder readiness. The study underscores the need for targeted training programs, infrastructure investment, and a culture of flexibility to optimize the implementation of WFH arrangements. These insights offer actionable recommendations for LGUs navigating the shift toward hybrid and remote work models.
PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Anti-Tumor Immune Response Induced by Cryoablation in A Murine Model of Lung Cancer
Authors: FENG Jianyu , LIU Hui , MU Feng , NIU Lizhi , ZENG Jianying
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To investigate the efficacy of cryoblation plus PD-1 inhibitor in the treatment of mouse lung cancer, and its possible mechanism on regulating cellular immune function.
Materials and Methods
Murine lung cancer xenograft model was constructed. Mice were randomly divided into Control, Cryo + IgG, Anti-PD-1, and Cryo + Anti-PD-1 group, and given corresponding treatment. Tumor growth (n = 10) and survival of (n = 10) were observed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells.
Results
Tumor volume of the three treatment groups were significantly smaller than that of the Control group (P<0.01), those of Anti-PD-1 or Cryo + Anti-PD-1group were much smaller than that of the Cryo + IgG group (P<0.05). The medium survival time of the three treatment groups were significantly longer than that of the Control group (P<0.01). The proportions of CD4 + T cells in the peripheral blood, spleen and tumor of the three treatment groups were significantly lower than that of the Control group (P<0.05), while the CD8 + T cells were markedly higher than that of the Control group (P<0.05). The proportions of Treg cells in the spleen of the three treatment groups were notably lower than that of the Control group (P<0.05). mRNA level of IFN-γ was increased while IL-10 was decreased in the three treatment groups (P<0.01).
Conclusion
Either cryoblation or PD-1 inhibitor treatment alone enhances the anti-cancer effect of the body immune system by down-regulating the proportion of CD4 + T cells and Treg cells, while up-regulating the proportion of CD8 + T cells. Notably, the combination of cryoblation and PD-1 inhibitor get better effect on lung cancer treatment.
Frailty Prevalence And Evaluation Of The FRAIL Scale Questionnaire In Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bahirwani Janak , Elmer Joshua , Eskarous Hany , Ahuja Suruchi Jai Kumar , Changela Madhav , Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Stoltzfus Jill , Schneider Yecheskel
Published: January 2025

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) predisposes individuals to frailty, linked with adverse outcomes. While the Fried Frailty Index (FFI) is a well-established phenotypic tool to assess frailty, its administration is cumbersome. The FRAIL scale, simpler but not widely used in IBD patients, presents an alternative. We aimed to assess the prevalence of frailty and compare the FRAIL scale with the FFI.
Methods
Two hundred and nine confirmed IBD patients underwent assessment using both the FFI and the FRAIL scale. Patients were categorized as non-frail, pre-frail, or frail. Pearson coefficients evaluated correlation, and unadjusted analyses assessed frailty risk factors. ROC curve analysis evaluated the FRAIL scale.
Results
Among participants (53.5% female, median age 44), 37% were non-frail, 50% pre-frail, and 13% frail. The FRAIL scale exhibited strong correlation with the FFI for all three categories. Age showed no significant association with frailty. Frail individuals displayed higher inflammatory markers and more severe clinical disease, with frailty more prevalent in UC than CD patients. Frail individuals also exhibited lower hemoglobin, creatinine, and albumin levels.
Conclusion
Frailty and pre-frailty are prevalent in the IBD population, not necessarily linked with older age. The FRAIL scale demonstrated excellent correlation with the FFI, offering a practical tool for identifying frailty in IBD without physical measurements. Future studies should explore multivariable models incorporating frailty risk factors and interventions to mitigate adverse outcomes in the IBD population.
Evaluating the Benefits of Tegafur-Uracil Adjuvant Therapy in Low-Risk Stage IIa Colon Cancer: Insights from a Decade-Long Study
Authors: Lin Chang-Lin , Chiang Feng-Fan , Lin Bo-Zh , Chen Ming-Cheng , Lin Chun-Yu , Huang Shang-Chih
Published: January 2025

Background
Surgical resection is the gold standard for treating non-metastatic colorectal cancer. The five-year overall survival (OS) for Stage IIIa patients is longer than that for Stage IIa patients, highlighting the importance of adjuvant therapy (ACT) for Stage IIa. This study aims to evaluate the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for Stage IIa colon cancer at our hospital over the past decade.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study was conducted at a medical center and included patients treated between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019. We included only patients who underwent surgery and had pathological Stage IIa or IIIa colon cancer. Collected data included patient characteristics, oncological outcomes, receipt of adjuvant therapy, and adverse effects associated with adjuvant therapy.
Result
We observed a higher five-year OS for Stage IIIa than Stage IIa patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients who were administered tegafur-uracil had longer five-year progression-free survival and five-year overall survival compared to the No ACT group (p < 0.005). The receiver operating characteristic curve identified the optimal cut-off point for tegafur-uracil (UFT) duration as ≤ 1.74 years, with the area under the curve being statistically significant (p = 0.05).
Conclusion
ACT is recommended even for low-risk Stage IIa patients postoperatively. The adverse effects of UFT were generally acceptable, with Grade 3 or higher adverse effects being rare. If UFT is used as an ACT regimen for stage IIa colon cancer, a duration of more than one year is suggested.
The Significance of Anatomic Sites in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Recurrence
Authors: wang siqian , xu xi , ma yongyong , qian shanhu , tang liyuan , sun lan , shen zhijian , ye haige , qian honglan , jiang songfu , Zhou Shujuan
Published: January 2025

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the anatomic patterns and outcomes of first relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Materials and Methods: Between January 2015 and October 2024, a total of 1,047 newly diagnosed patients were evaluated, of which 139 patients who initially achieved complete remission (CR) but subsequently experienced relapse during follow-up were included in the analysis. Histological and imaging data were reviewed to determine the involvement of nodal regions, extranodal locations, and Waldeyer’s Ring at the time of relapse.
Results: Our findings indicated that 112 patients (80.4%) presented with clinical manifestations that led to the diagnosis of recurrence. Two-thirds of patients relapsed within 18 months, and 85% within two years, with a median time to relapse of 9 months. Notably, 43.2% of patients experienced a change in the anatomic site of recurrence, which correlated with poorer clinical outcomes. The overall CR rate after relapse was 36.7% for those relapsing at previously involved sites, compared to just 10.0% for those with new site relapses. Higher CR rates were also observed in patients with relapses at previously involved sites from Waldeyer’s Ring (50% CR; 8 of 16) and extranodal lymphomas (40% CR; 8 of 20), compared to those relapsing at new sites (P=0.019 and P=0.006, respectively). Overall survival(OS) was significantly lower in patients with relapses at new sites (23.0 ± 4.2 months) compared to those at previously involved sites (41.8 ± 6.1 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significant differences in OS and progression-free survival(PFS) based on the site of relapse (P=0.043 and P=0.004, respectively). Patients experiencing relapses at new sites, particularly involving Waldeyer’s Ring and extranodal origins, had significantly poorer outcomes, with two-year OS rates of 16.7% and 8.3%, respectively (P=0.032 and P=0.006).
Conclusions: Relapsed DLBCL tends to primarily affect previously involved sites, especially in patients with nodal origins. Recurrences at new sites are associated with poor outcomes, particularly when the initial anatomic sites were Waldeyer’s Ring and extranodal.
Extracellular NAD + Modulates CD203a Expression on Th17 Cells and Predicts Long-Term Recurrence-Free Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Babigian Julia , Brunnbauer Philipp , Kamali Can , Knitter Sebastian , Keshi Eriselda , Felsenstein Matthäus , Haber Philipp , Lozzi Isis , Schöning Wenzel , Pratschke Johann , Krenzien Felix
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims: Mortality rates for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain high, while multimodal treatment approaches offer new perspectives. Here, we investigated the influence of extracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (eNAD +) on ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (CD203a, ENPP1 or PC-1) on Th17 cells in relation to the likelihood of HCC recurrence following liver resection.
Method: The study compared heparinized blood plasma samples from 95 patients who underwent liver resection, including 20 patients with HCC and 10 control patients without liver disease. Plasma eNAD + concentrations were determined using a heat-based dichotomous pH extraction method, followed by enzymatic cycling and a colorimetric assay for quantification. Fibrosis was graded histologically using the Desmet score (F0-F4). Surface expression analysis was performed using flow cytometry.
Results: With increasing grades of liver fibrosis grade a significant reduction in plasma eNAD + concentrations was measured (p < 0.05). Further, a significant correlation was found between eNAD + levels and CD203a expression on CD4 + , CCR4 + as well as CCR6 + T cells (p < 0.05). Patients who exhibited high proportions of CD203a expressing Th17 cells (CD4 + , CCR6 + CCR4 +) post surgery were found to be at a 6-fold increased risk (HR 6.38, 95% Cl 1,51-27.00) of HCC recurrence and had a median recurrence-free survival of 233 days (p < 0.05), compared to patients with low CD203a expressing Th17 cells (CD4 + CCR6 + CCR4 +). Similarly, patients who had a high proportion of CD203a expressing Th17 cells (CD4 + CCR6 +) following surgery had a 5-fold increased risk (HR 5.56, 95% Cl 1.58-19.59) of HCC recurrence and a median recurrence-free survival of 334 days (p < 0.05) compared to those with low CD203a expressing Th17 cells (CCR6 +).
Conclusion: The data indicate that eNAD + levels are decreased in patients with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, and are correlated with the expression of ectoenzyme CD203a on Th17 cells. Consequently, patients with high expression of CD203a on Th17 cells had a significantly increased likelihood of recurrence, indicating their potential as valuable prognostic markers and a possible therapeutic target.
Global support at the click of a button: How digital remittances help Ukraine during crises
Authors: Polishchuk Yevheniia , Valko Yana , Shuplat Olena , Vasylyshen Yurii
Published: January 2025

In recent years, Ukraine has faced two major crises: the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine. Digitalization allowed the extension of financial inclusiveness for the recipients and building financial resilience through remittances. They became one of the most important sources of survival for vulnerable populations. The aim of the paper is to examine how remittances can help Ukraine during the crises. The main research methods are descriptive statistical analyses to examine remittance trends and patterns. The data were taken from the open sources of the National Bank of Ukraine, Statista, the European Commission, Migration Data Portal, World Bank, and CoinLaw. The results showed that the share of informal remittance channels, although present, tends to decrease compared with the official ones. Poland is the main supplier of money in Ukraine. The average transaction value has also decreased from USD 3,540 thousand in 2017 to USD 1,750 thousand by 2024, which is due to the increase in the number of platforms that allow small transfers. It also pushed the increasing numbers of users of digital remittance platforms from 1,500 thousand in 2019 to 2,700 thousand in 2024. It confirmed that remittances for Ukrainians during crises are one of the sources for survival and potentially for recovery. The study can be useful during the development of different programs of livelihood support and recovery of Ukraine by engaging the Ukrainian diaspora.
Ischemic stroke as a complication of whiplash injury to the neck: a clinical observation
Authors: Isaikin A. I. , Vakhnina N. V. , Shor Iu. M. , Panasenko A. S. , Isaykina O. Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article presents a clinical observation of an ischemic stroke resulted from the vertebral artery dissection, a rare complication of whiplash injury of the cervical spine. Acute condition developed with a delayed onset in the form of headache and pain in the cervical spine after a minor car accident in a young woman with signs of mesenchymal vascular dysplasia, followed by a transient episode of ataxia, dysarthria. The assessment of a patient’s neurological status on admission to the clinic showed focal neurological symptoms (right-sided hemianopsia and hemihypesthesia). Brain MRI revealed an ischemic lesion in the occipital lobe in the left hemisphere. Duplex scanning and CT angiography showed stenosis of both vertebral arteries (60–70%) due to their dissection. Vertebral and myofascial syndromes at the cervical level were detected after the patient underwent neuroorthopedic examination; the neuropsychological test battery findings demonstrated a high level of anxiety and depression. The patient received treatment with heparin followed by switching to acetylsalicylic acid, nimesulide, sertraline, phenazepam and omeprazole, as well as complex non-drug treatment: kinesiotherapy, elements of psychological correction. The treatment resulted in the regression of clinical symptoms, pain relief, and decreased level of anxiety and depressive disorders. The follow-up vessel examination demonstrated a gradual regression of lumbar artery stenosis. The article discusses the issues of pathogenesis, diagnosis, management of whiplash injury and artery dissection. It ought to be noted that symptoms of uncomplicated whiplash injury and artery dissection