bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um caminho para o alcance da Agenda Urbana Global: a perspectiva do community driven multilateralism
Authors: Fiorin Gomes Joseli
Published: November 2024

Ao se estabelecerem os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), a questão urbana foi abarcada pelo ODS 11. Na sua esteira, aprovou-se, junto à ONU, a Nova Agenda Urbana (NAU), conectada intrinsecamente a este ODS e primeiro documento internacional a abordar o direito à cidade. A implementação desta agenda, com isso, estava em curso, ainda que a passos singelos. Contudo, a pandemia global de COVID-19 trouxe questionamentos sobre a viabilidade de seu cumprimento até 2030. Diante disso, representantes internacionais de governos locais e regionais apresentaram à ONU a proposta do Community-Driven Multilateralism, como mecanismo dirigido ao futuro da governança global do desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesse sentido, o trabalho objetiva verificar se a proposta pode ser compreendida como via para concretizar o ODS 11, a NAU e o direito à cidade, nos cenários pandêmico e pós-pandêmico. Visou-se, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em abordagem dedutivo-indutiva, a identificar de que modo estes atores, utilizando-se desta estratégia, podem auxiliar no atendimento da agenda global urbana. Constatou-se, com isso, que a proposta não inova em conceitos e categorias, assemelhando-se à governança multinível, mas traz alternativa de abertura efetiva do sistema global aos atores locais, para reformular a tomada de decisões multilateral.
Mandatos coletivos: análise legislativa, qualitativa e de representatividade ampliada de grupos vulnerabilizados
Authors: Nunes Danilo Henrique , Netto Carlos Eduardo Montes , Soares Fernanda Heloisa Macedo
Published: November 2024

Desde as eleições de 2010, observa-se o aumento do número de candidaturas coletivas, a consideradas instrumento de ampliação da representatividade sociopolítica de grupos vulnerabilizados e historicamente marginalizados. No entanto, até o presente momento, não há legislação específica que verse sobre a candidatura e funcionamento dos mandatos coletivos. O estudo investiga os mandatos coletivos como fenômeno jurídico, social e político na contemporaneidade, passando tanto pela análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos mandatos em vigência com base na doutrina, bem como a análise legislativa de projetos de lei e propostas que almejam disciplinar a questão no ordenamento jurídico pátrio (PL n.1422/2021, PEC n. 379/2017, PL n. 4724/2020 e PL n. 4475/2020). Sob os métodos hipotético-dedutivo e de revisão de literatura, os resultados alcançados confirmaram a expansão das candidaturas coletivas nas eleições nacionais e a tendência de aumento do número de pleitos coletivos a partir da crise de representatividade política de grupos vulnerabilizados como mulheres, pessoas negras, indígenas, pessoas LGBTQI+ e pessoas com deficiência, relacionando-se com lutas de movimentos sociais e ondas de renovação política. Desta forma, é crucial que os mandatos coletivos sejam formalizados no texto da lei, fixando regras e critérios voltados para as candidaturas e, em caso de eleição, para seu funcionamento.
Pluralizando os direitos fundamentais: o reconhecimento dos direitos das sexualidades como um direito fundamental
Authors: Brum Amanda Netto
Published: November 2024

Nesta investigação problematiza-se a necessidade e a possibilidade do reconhecimento do direito das sexualidades como um direito fundamental. Utilizou-se da técnica de pesquisa da documentação indireta da pesquisa bibliográfica. Incialmente, pluralizou-se a concepção dos direitos fundamentais. Em seguida, discutiu-se a necessidade e a possibilidade do reconhecimento do direito das sexualidades como um direito fundamental. Finalmente, defende-se que a partir da do reconhecimento do direito das sexualidades como um direito fundamental este direito se descortia como uma legitima categoria emancipatória – esta que apresenta potencialidade para garantir aos sujeitos que vivenciam suas sexualidades de forma plural uma vida digna alicerçada no princípio de uma cidadania plena.
Direitos humanos versus estado: reflexões acerca dos desafios, obstáculos e limitações enfrentados para a sua plena efetividade na ordem contemporânea.
Authors: Leal Morais Robson Feitosa , Marques Vinicius Pinheiro
Published: November 2024

Historicamente, os direitos humanos até alcançarem valor normativo, perpassaram por um longo processo evolutivo, uma vez que a humanidade encontra-se em constante mutação, adquirindo, assim, novos anseios e formas de vivência. Esse precesso evolutivo importa na conquista, reconhecimento e declaração de novos direitos que, apesar de recentes, estão longe de serem esgotados, ante a necessidade premente do homem enquanto ser social. Neste intento, buscou-se por meio da presente pesquisa, descrever os principais aspectos relacionados à evolução dos direitos humanos, bem como as principais limitações, desafios e obstáculos enfrentados para a sua consolidação na ordem contemporânea, inclusive sob a perspectiva Estatal. Para alcançar tal desiderato, adotou-se o tipo de pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória e explicativa, com fins de analisar, explicar e desenvolver o instituto em em estudo. Adotou-se, ainda, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, na medida em que utilizaram-se textos de leis, bem como uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema. Como conclusões aos questionamentos base deste estudo, evidenciou-se que os direitos humanos perpassam, na atual conjuntura, por inúmeros desafios, e que, além de contribuírem para o surgimento do moderno Estado Constitucional de Direito, também possuem a dimensão de limitar as suas articulações, visto que foram reconhecidos e declarados de forma impostiva nos planos universal e regionalista. Por outro lado, apesar dessa imposição, identificou-se os desafios pelos quais perpassam a implementação da agenda dos direitos humanos hodiernamente, conforme aduz os autores Piovesan e Herrera Flores, respectivamente. Apurou-se, ainda, que o Estado, usando de sua soberania, construiu todo um aparato legal, quando de sua suscitação ao cumprimento desses direitos, podendo valer-se  da mitigação,quando se utiliza de princípios como o da reserva do possível e do mínimo existencial, o que por si só representam limitações à plena efetivação desses direitos, e, por correlação, contribuindo para a relativização do princípio maior: a dignidade humana.
Vigilância, Tecnologia e Neoliberalismo no Século XXI: uma análise a partir de Byung-Chul Han
Authors: Dal Castel Mauricio , Jobim do Amaral Augusto
Published: November 2024

A produção da vigilância por meio da tecnologia na sociedade contemporânea vem sendo percebida de forma cada vez mais onipresente no cotidiano, moldando subjetividades e estimulando os mais diversos comportamentos. Assim, partindo da obra de Byung-Chul Han e do diálogo com pensadores contemporâneos sobre a problemática da vigilância e do controle social a partir da tecnologia, o ensaio propõe realizar uma análise sobre os fundamentos da revolução digital que possibilitaram o surgimento da vigilância moderna e dos estímulos aos comportamentos individuais realizados a fim de facilitar e expandir a vigilância, partindo dos conceitos trabalhados por Han e seus principais interlocutores. Dessa forma, a pesquisa, a partir da identificação do controle exercido por meio das novas tecnologias de vigilância, pôde delinear a abrangência e os potenciais usos dessas técnicas para o controle social. Em termos metodológicos, como objetivo geral, explorar-se-á a abrangência da vigilância e do controle social praticados por meio da tecnologia, segundo o pensamento de Byung-Chul Han. Como objetivo específico, explorar-se-á as dinâmicas neoliberais que possibilitam e fomentam o fenômeno da vigilância no século XXI. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método hermenêutico-fenomenológico para a compreensão da vigilância tecnológica neoliberal enquanto fenômeno contemporâneo.
A pesquisa feminista antirracista na literatura científica brasileira: apontamentos para o direito
Authors: Grubba Leilane Serratine , Oliveira Juliana Pires de , Costa Giovanna Vieira da
Published: November 2024

Trata-se de revisão integrativa que pretende responder ao seguinte questionamento: quais as principais articulações teóricas e práticas na pesquisa brasileira feminista antirracista? Objetiva-se conhecer a literatura científica feminista antirracista brasileira e seus principais marcadores, assim como possibilitar uma compreensão para a pesquisa feminista antirracista no campo do Direito. Utiliza-se os seguintes descritores: ((feminismo) and (antirracista)), com busca nas bases de dados Capes periódicos, SciELO e LILACS. Os critérios de inclusão são: estudos publicados na modalidade de artigos, que contam com um(a) autor(a) brasileiro(a) e cuja temática encontre-se no âmbito da pesquisa. Os critérios de exclusão referem-se à duplicidade dos estudos selecionados e às pesquisas sem acesso na íntegra. A seleção final resulta em 45 estudos para análise descritiva temática, com quatro categorias, sendo elas: (a) educação antirracista; (b) antirracismo e feminismo; (c) antirracismo e interseccionalidade; e, (d) antirracismo e decolonialidade. É resultado do estudo o embasamento teórico em literatura nacional e internacional feminista negra, com ênfase na interseccionalidade entre gênero, raça e classe, bem como a necessidade do diálogo com epistemologias decoloniais e uma educação antirracista em prol de uma sociedade equitativa em gênero e raça.
Tolerância e Política Pública de Saúde no Brasil: um debate a partir de Rainer Forst e Nancy Fraser
Authors: Reck Janriê Rodrigues , Bitencourt Caroline Muller , Bittencourt Denise Friedrich
Published: November 2024

Este artigo analisa as diferentes concepções de tolerância e reconhecimento, e como essas percepções dialogam com o direito à saúde e sua política pública no Brasil, vez que o contexto cultural brasileiro se apresenta como uma arena conflitiva de valores e dialoga com assuntos delicados para certas comunidades, como acesso ao corpo, sexualidade e modalização verdade/crença.Objetivos: o objetivo geral é analisar as relações entre os conceitos de tolerância e reconhecimento com o contexto conflitivo em sede de valores na política pública de saúde no Brasil. Como objetivos específicos, propõe-se isolar e depois relacionar cada um dos referidos pensadores (Fraser e Forst) com a conflituosidade da saúde. De modo que o problema de proposto é: que diálogo se pode realizar a partir das múltiplas concepções derivadas da diversidade sociocultural brasileira e dos conflitos relativos ao direito à saúde, tendo por base as contribuições de Nacy Fraser e Rainer Forst?Método: a partir do método hipotético dedutivo, a hipótese é testada argumentativamente, com produção de relações entre os autores e com teste argumentativo de suas concepções perante a política pública. O procedimento adotado é a pesquisa bibliográfica.Resultados e contribuições: Este trabalho considera que a política pública de saúde é uma política de Estado, que materializa tanto direitos fundamentais coletivos como objetivos comunitários. A hipótese é que a política pública de saúde, apesar de ser passível de tecnificação tanto pelo lado da ciência biológica (Medicina) como para o lado do Direito e da Administração, é um lugar de ampla discussão valorativa. Significa uma certa gestão sobre o corpo humano, objeto típico de diferentes valorações por distintos grupos políticos. A despeito disto, decisões políticas/administrativas devem ser tomadas, mas considerando critérios filosóficos, morais, éticos e políticos para debater essas decisões, especialmente em contextos culturais conflitivos.
O ensino jurídico no Brasil e a aposta na pedagogia da pacificação: um paradigma não violento é possível?
Authors: Wermuth Maiquel Ângelo Dezordi , Spengler Fabiana Marion
Published: November 2024

O artigo tematiza o ensino jurídico brasileiro e a pedagogia da pacificação, partindo de uma releitura da obra de Aldo Capitini. O problema de pesquisa que se pretende responder é: de que modo o ensino jurídico brasileiro vem se adaptando à pedagogia da pacificação enquanto paradigma de não-violência defendido por Aldo Capitini? O objetivo é analisar o modo como foi criado e se desenvolveu o ensino jurídico no Brasil observando a possibilidade de recepção, por parte deste, da pedagogia de pacificação enquanto paradigma não violento. A hipótese apresentada, e ao final da pesquisa comprovada, é de que o ensino jurídico brasileiro não se adaptou - e vem encontrando dificuldades para fazê-lo - à pedagogia de pacificação enquanto paradigma não violento. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o dedutivo.
O papel do direito como dominação dos corpos pelos ensinamentos de Michel Foucault: análise empírica do posicionamento do judiciário de Minas Gerais sobre à alteração de registro civil de transexuais antes do provimento nº 73 do CNJ de 28 de junho de 2018.
Authors: COSTA FABRICIO VEIGA , VALADARES MARINA GARCIA
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo visa analisar o posicionamento do judiciário de Minas Gerais sobre à alteração de registro civil dos transexuais. Foi necessário realizar mapeamento das decisões judiciais publicadas no TJMG entre os anos de 2010 a 2017 que tratam sobre o tema, utilizando-se descritor predominante “alteração de nome e gênero de transexuais”. Como forma de obter melhores resultados, a pesquisa possui como orientação principal a teoria de dominação dos corpos ensinadas por Michel Foucault e sobre as questões de gênero orientou-se, principalmente, por Judith Butler. Evidencia-se o papel do direito como instituição que possui controle sobre os corpos, principalmente sobre à autodeterminação e liberdade do sujeito, ficando o indivíduo trans sempre à mercê de entendimentos de terceiros para expressar sua identidade de gênero. Utilizou-se o método dedutivo e os procedimentos metodológicos de revisões bibliográficas, congregadas à pesquisa documental de decisões judiciais do TJMG sobre retificação do registro civil dos transexuais.
Management of residual volumes in intermittent medication infusions in hospitals: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Rout Joan , Brysiewicz Petra , Essack Sabiha
Published: November 2024

Background:

Administration of intermittent medication through intravenous infusions is common practice. However, recent literature questions whether current practices deliver full doses of prescribed medications.

Objective:

This protocol outlines the methodology intended to profile literature describing management of residual volume in medication administration lines.

Methods:

The proposed review will use Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology to scope the literature, following a six-step framework. Searches will be conducted in electronic databases, and websites of societies providing guidelines for intravenous therapy. Three reviewers will use the ‘PCC’ framework to carry out two levels of screening. Results will be tabulated, described, and discussed in a narrative analysis.

Conclusion:

This review will improve understanding of current practices by examining flushing procedures used in the management of residual volume, identifying instances when residual volume is discarded, documenting effects on dosing, examining the impact on patient outcomes, and examining possible environmental harm from waste disposal of undelivered medication.
Capacity to execute a lasting power of attorney
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: November 2024

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers what information a person needs to understand, retain, use and weigh to have capacity to execute a lasting power of attorney
Optimising outcomes with ‘Wound Balance’ and dressings containing superabsorbent polyacrylate polymers
Authors: Ovens Liz , Ashton Donna , Clements Dawn
Published: November 2024

The ever-increasing burden of hard-to-heal wounds requires emphasis placed on early intervention to help heal wounds and improve patient quality of life. A patient's healing potential can be optimised by applying the ‘Wound Balance’ holistic framework for wound assessment, care planning and quality of life considerations. This holistic management can be facilitated with appropriate dressings, such as dressings containing superabsorbent polyacrylate polymers (SAPs), including RespoSorb® Silicone Border (Hartmann). SAP-containing dressings can absorb exudate and bind and lock away wound inhibitors, such as proteases and micro-organisms, reversing the factors associated with hard-to-heal wounds to enable a healing environment similar to an acute wound. Three case studies demonstrate the positive benefits of using RespoSorb Silicone Border in clinical practice. The dressings proved easy to use and comfortable, with atraumatic changes and long wear times, providing a costeffective option for patients with both acute and hard-to-heal wounds.
The Association between Rheumatic Diseases and the Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhou Qi
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background The association between rheumatic immune diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between rheumatic immune diseases and the risk of PCOS through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods In the assessment of exposure variables, we chose systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis (PM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as representative rheumatic immune diseases, while PCOS was designated as the outcome of interest. All data utilized in this investigation were obtained from the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MRC-IEU) database. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using summary statistics for both the exposure and outcome variables, which were gathered from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with rheumatic diseases were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) to estimate the causal effects on PCOS. The final results were analyzed using five MR analysis methods, namely MR-Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), simple mode, and weighted mode. Causal estimation of MR was primarily obtained using the IVW method. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity.

Results In this two-sample MR analysis, a total of 1,000,246 participants were included. Among them, there were 647 cases of SLE, 44 cases of PM, 5539 cases of RA, and 797 cases of PCOS. The IVW approach indicated a causal relationship between RA and an increased risk of PCOS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.069, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.007–1.134, p = 0.041). The MR-Egger intercept and Cochran’s Q test (p > 0.005) further verified the stability of the MR results. However, no significant correlation was observed between the other two rheumatic immune diseases (PM and SLE) and the risk of developing PCOS (both p > 0.05).

Conclusion This study suggests a potential causal association between RA and PCOS, while SLE and PM do not exhibit a causal association with PCOS, enhancing our comprehension of the etiological factors of PCOS and shedding light on prevention strategies for the disease. Additional research is required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms by which RA contributes to the progression of PCOS.
Curcuma roseobracteata sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Thailand and distribution notes on the recently described C. suraponii Boonma
Authors: SAENSOUK PIYAPORN , SAENSOUK SURAPON , MAKNOI CHARUN , NGUYEN DANH DUC , BOONMA THAWATPHONG
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S, Maknoi C, Nguyen DD, Boonma T. 2024. Curcuma roseobracteata sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Thailand and distribution notes on the recently described C. suraponii Boonma. Biodiversitas 25: 3368-3375. Curcuma roseobracteata P. Saensouk, Saensouk, Maknoi & Boonma sp. nov., a newly identified species within the Curcuma subgenus Curcuma of the Zingiberaceae family, has been found in the northern and southwestern floristic regions of Thailand, distributed in Mae Hong Son, Tak, and Kanchanaburi Provinces. This new species shares similarities with C. rubrobracteata Škorni?ková, M. Sabu & Prasanthkumar, and C. suraponii Boonma, but differentiated by its lemon yellow rhizome; leaves base broadly cuneate to rounded, or cordate, abaxial surface with scattered hairs; thyrse oblong ovoid; fertile bracts obovate, rose pink with a pale green base; coma bracts inconspicuous, with 1-4 in number; bracteoles apex rounded with short mucronate; filament c. 3 × 6 mm; anther c. 8.5 × 3.5 mm; epigynous glands c. 4.5 mm long; ovary 2.5-3 × 2.5 mm. The new taxon is formally described here, detailing its morphological characteristics, vernacular name, ecology, phenology, and distribution, which includes updates on the presence of C. suraponii, previously recorded only in Tak Province, but now also observed in Mae Hong Son Province. The study includes an IUCN conservation assessment based on recent collections and presents a revised taxonomic key to differentiate the new species from its relatives.
Moringa oleifera as a potential bioactive agent against Gram-positive and negative bacteria: In-silico analysis of 1YN5 and 3RG1 receptor binding
Authors: THASMI CUT NILA , HAFIZUDDIN HAFIZUDDIN , HUSNURRIZAL HUSNURRIZAL , DASRUL DASRUL , SUTRIANA AMALIA , GANI BASRI A. , NAZAR MUHAMMAD
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Thasmi CN, Hafizuddin H, Husnurrizal H, Dasrul, Sutriana A, Gani BA, Nazar M. 2024. Moringa oleifera as a potential bioactive agent against Gram-positive and negative bacteria: In-silico analysis of 1YN5 and 3RG1 receptor binding. Biodiversitas 25: 3411-3421. The natural antioxidant extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. simultaneously possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-infertility, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. This research aims to investigate the active chemical compounds isolated from the leaves of M. oleifera and examine the chemical interaction between the selected compounds and the 1YN5 and 3RG1 proteins based on the molecular docking model. M. oleifera leaves were collected from the Kajhu Village, District of Aceh Besar, Province of Aceh, Indonesia. The bioactive compounds were isolated through cold extraction by using the maceration technique. Chemical analysis and characterization of bioactive compounds were carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant bioactivity/Free Radical Scavenging Potency (FRSP) was determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The molecular docking process refers to the modified MOE software docking protocol. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The ethanolic extract of M. oleifera leaf contains 38 bioactive compounds. Several bioactive compounds have high peak area percentages, including Oxirane, hexadecyl- (20.22%), TRICYCLO [20.8.0.0E7,16] TRIACONTA (14.35%), acetic acid (CAS), ethyl acetate (11.32%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (8.94%), and oleic acid (8.12%). Molecular docking showed that oleic acid, oxirane, hexadecyl, and 1-Heptacosanol have greater affinity to the 1YN5 gene, while octadecanoic acid and tetracontane have better binding affinity to the 3RG1 proteins. The bioactive compound 1-Heptacosanol bound both to the 1YN5 and 3RG1 proteins. The ethanolic extract of M. oleifera leaves possessed better IC50 (6.07 ppm), relatively twice lower when compared to the positive standard, Vitamin C (10.58 ppm). The M. oleifera ethanol extract exhibits antioxidant bioactivity in the very strong category. The bioactive compound 1-Heptacosanol shows binding affinity with both 1YN5 and 3RG1 proteins.
Polyploidization of three Chrysanthemum varieties in vitro at various levels of colchicine soaking length
Authors: HARING FERANITA , FARID MUH. , RIDWAN IFAYANTI , ANSHORI MUHAMMAD FUAD , FADHILAH ANNASTYA NUR , HARTANTO KYLA BADZLIN
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Haring F, Farid M, Ridwan I, Anshori MF, Fadhilah AN, Hartanto KB. 2024. Polyploidization of three Chrysanthemum varieties in vitro at various levels of colchicine soaking length. Biodiversitas 25: 3496-2503. The demand for new types and varieties of chrysanthemums with unique characteristics, such as various colors, shapes, and sizes, continues to increase. One approach that can be taken to achieve this diversity is through mutation techniques using chemical mutagens such as colchicine to obtain polyploid plants. This research, which aims to determine the best varieties and soaking time for colchicine in forming polyploid plants in vitro, has the potential to impact the field of Chrysanthemum breeding significantly. The research was arranged in a split-plot design (SPD), with the main plot being the Chrysanthemum variety (v), consisting of the Pinka Pinky (v1), Lollipop (v2), and Maruta (v3) varieties. The subplot is the soaking time at a colchicine concentration of 0.05%, which consists of 0 hours (t0), 4 hours (t1), 8 hours (t2), and 12 hours (t3). The parameters observed were the number of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots, time to sprout, time to root, time to form plantlets, and polyploidy analysis. Chromosome doubling in chrysanthemum plants after 0.05% colchicine induction with different soaking times produced mixoploid plants or the highest chromosome doubling of 9.18% + 18.82%, namely in the Lollipop variety with a soaking time of 12 hours. Meanwhile, other treatments did not show chromosome doubling and remained diploid but had different levels of chromosome variation.
The capacity of trees to remove particulate matter and lead and its impact on tree health
Authors: YUNIATI RATNA , HANDAYANI WINDRI , NUGRAHANI LAELIA , KHOERUNNISA ITA , HALIMAH HALIMAH , PUTRIKA AFIATRY , HEMELDA NIARSI MERRY
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Yuniati R, Handayani W, Nugrahani L, Khoerunnisa I, Halimah, Putrika A, Hemelda NM. 2024. The capacity of trees to remove particulate matter and lead and its impact on tree health. Biodiversitas 25: 2541-2551. In urban areas, common air pollutants include particulate matter (PM) and lead (Pb) particles. Plants offer a solution to mitigate both PM and Pb particles. However, PM and Pb deposition in plant leaf organs can have an impact on tree health, which can be evaluated from plant physiological aspects. A study was conducted to compare the capacity of several plant species to absorb PM and lead particles and to determine the impact of these pollutants on the physiological aspects of plants in two locations. The selected plant species were Cerbera odollam, Polyalthia longifolia, Swietenia macrophylla, and Terminalia mantaly. The four species were chosen based on their occurrence in two distinct locations: the Universitas Indonesia (UI) campus, which represents a low-pollution area, and the Bantargebang waste landfill, which represents a highly polluted area. The method employed involves using the Gravimetric Method and observing leaf morphology to evaluate the ability to capture PM, analyzing heavy metal accumulation to assess Pb particle adsorption, and examining leaf anatomy and physiology to determine tree health. Physiological aspects were observed, including chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, relative water content (RWC), and pH of leaf extract. The results showed that the highest PM deposit on plants leaf was observed in P. longifolia, followed by S. macrophylla, C. odollam, and T. mantaly. Pb analysis revealed the order of plants that accumulate Pb, from highest to lowest, is S. macrophylla>P. longifolia>C. odollam. The PM deposits significantly affected RWC (r=-0.522, p<0.01) and it affected the content of chlorophyll (r=-0.28) and carotenoids (r=-0.017). Of all the plants studied, S. macrophylla was the most impacted, with two physiological aspects affected: pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), and RWC. The selection of the four tree species as pollutant absorbers in Bantargebang landfill and UI Campus is appropriate, as tree health indicators, based on the analysis of leaf anatomy and physiological characteristics, detect minimal impact from environmental stress. Polyalthia longifolia (mast tree) would be the best performer among all the tree species.
Binocular laser scanning imaging-based disordered object recognition method
Authors: Tian Jican , Zhao Liming , Zhou Wenlong , Chen Zailu , Gao Xing
Published: November 2024

This paper takes industrial robot disordered object grasping as its
research background and proposes an object recognition method based on
binocular laser three-dimensional (3D) scanning imaging for the
characteristics of grasping objects with complex structures, single
surface colors, and scattered stacking. First, to address the issue of
incomplete data in the 3D reconstruction of stacked scenes caused by
self-obscuration and mutual occlusion of objects, this paper proposes
a binocular laser scanning 3D imaging method that utilizes a rapid
fusion of multi-source point cloud data. Secondly, this paper reports
improved point cloud matching of a pose estimation algorithm based on
the point pair feature (PPF) to achieve accurate pose estimation of
scattered stacked objects. In the offline training stage, the hidden
point removal (HPR) method is introduced to impose visibility
constraints, eliminating interference from occluded points and
achieving a more accurate global description of the model. In the
online matching stage, farthest point sampling (FPS) is applied to the
scene point cloud to improve the uniformity of the sampling results.
Through Hough voting, candidate poses are quickly obtained. The rough
estimation of the object pose was completed by adjusting the grasping
pose screening strategy to remove the mismatched poses. Finally, the
iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm is used to optimize the poses
and obtain more accurate pose results. The experimental results
demonstrate that the object information reconstruction completeness of
the proposed method is significantly improved compared with the
original binocular vision and monocular laser vision system, and the
recognition time and average error are reduced compared to the
original PPF algorithm. Furthermore, the matching
success rate is 100% in 20 cluttered scenes. In the actual grasping
experiments, the success rate of grasping is 93.3%, which verifies the
proposed method’s effectiveness for cluttered occlusion.
Effects of surface roughness of a waveplate on the development of diffractive polarization speckle
Authors: Ma Ning , Hanson Steen G. , Takeda Mitsuo , Wang Wei
Published: November 2024

A rough-surfaced retardation plate is a particular polarization-dependent phase modulation device, whose performance is affected by its surface roughness structures. In previous research [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 32, 2346 (2015)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.32.002346], its decorrelation and depolarization effects have been investigated under an assumption of a rough surface model with large covariance of thickness fluctuations, giving a fully developed speckle field by transmission/reflection. This paper continues the analysis of the rough-surfaced retardation plate and then focuses on a smooth roughness model. When the thickness fluctuation is relatively small, partially developed speckle will be generated. The statistics of partially developed polarization speckle with non-uniform spatial distribution of polarization state will be discussed in the form of the matrix elements of the coherence–polarization matrix. The propagation of the partially developed speckle field will be traced within the framework of the complex-valued ABCD matrix theory under paraxial approximation to reveal the evolution of its degree change of coherence and polarization on propagation. This means that Gaussian apertures are included in the optical train of elements. The differences in statistical features from fully developed polarization speckle are emphasized.
Quantum entanglement of non-monochromatic photons on free electrons
Authors: Makarov D. N. , Makarova K. A. , Kapustin S. N. , Goshev A. A. , Tsykareva Yu. V.
Published: November 2024

Relatively recently, it became known that the interaction of photons with free electrons leads to quantum entanglement of photons. Such photons can be used in many applications of quantum technologies. Typically, to study quantum entanglement, photons are assumed to be monochromatic, although in reality they are not. This paper shows that if non-monochromatic photons are taken into account, their quantum entanglement, based on von Neumann entropy, can differ significantly from the case of monochromatic photons. It has been shown that the entanglement of non-monochromatic photons can be large and reach the maximum possible value.
Nonreciprocal and time-modulation metasurface for direct imaging
Authors: Li Yun Bo , Li He , Liu Yong Han , Wang Shi Yu , Zeng Xian Kun , Cui Tie Jun
Published: November 2024

Image reconstruction has become more attractive in electromagnetic (EM) areas, especially when metasurface emerges to introduce various methods for manipulating spatial EM waves. Here, we propose a new method for achieving direct EM imaging in the near field by applying a co-aperture active metasurface combined with nonreciprocal and time-modulation features at a single frequency. In our metasurface design, the transmitting and receiving EM signals can be manipulated independently in each meta-atom by integrating the dual-direction power amplifiers (PAs), which can be regarded as isolators for one-way propagation. In the transmitting aperture, a uniform wavefront is realized to illustrate the imaging plane; in the receiving aperture, the phase shift of 360-degree coverage in each meta-atom is dynamically controlled by time-modulation of different frequencies to establish direct relations between the spatial pixels of the imaging plane and spectra of Doppler shift. A metasurface prototype is fabricated, and several targets composed of metal stripes are successfully reconstructed directly with one co-aperture metasurface at a single frequency in experiments. The good measurement results verify the validity of the proposed method for direct imaging and sensing.
Temperature-compensated fiber optic hydrogen sensing with an in-fiber Fabry-Perot etalon and a Pd:Ni-coated cavity
Authors: Buchfellner Fabian , Roehrl Alexander , Yang Minghong , Koch Alexander W. , Roths Johannes
Published: November 2024

This study presents an in-situ temperature-decoupled sensor platform utilizing an in-fiber Fabry-Perot (FP) etalon made of two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for simultaneous hydrogen concentration and temperature sensing. The platform’s key feature is a palladium-alloy-coated fiber section between the FBGs, while the FBGs themselves remain without coating. This design shifts the FP transmission fringes due to hydrogen-induced strain and temperature. In contrast, the envelope function induced by the FBG spectra shifts only with temperature, enabling intra-spectral referencing of the fringe wavelength to the envelope vertex wavelength and thereby compensating for temperature effects. This work discusses a fully zero-point-referenced sensor calibration for simultaneous hydrogen and temperature monitoring. Hydrogen calibration demonstrated precise measurement of concentrations ranging from 500 to 20,000 ppm(H2) in a temperature range of 20∘C to 50∘C. Utilizing an iterative matrix algorithm, the non-linear hydrogen response was linearized and temperature cross-sensitivity was almost completely decoupled, leading to the representation of hydrogen concentrations with standard errors of the mean of 4.3% at repeated 1,000 ppm cycles, 2.8% at repeated 10,000 ppm cycles, and temperature measurement uncertainties of ±0.2∘C. This proof-of-concept demonstrates the detection of low hydrogen quantities without distraction from temperature and thereby opens the path for fiber optic hydrogen sensing applications outside laboratories.
High-precision image-level spectrum mapping generation using freeform optical design
Authors: Zhang Yuhui , Yao Qi , Qin Bang , Hao Kexin , Wu Peiyu , Wang Dong , Zhao Zhihong
Published: November 2024

This study introduces an innovative spectral mapping system based on non-imaging optics, revolutionizing high-precision full-color image projection. The key innovation lies in the simultaneous control of irradiance and chromaticity through establishing a spectral distribution equation across RGBW channels and uniquely mapping optical paths to target energy distributions. This approach enables the system to perform with superior accuracy (structural similarity index > 80%, CIE 1931 chromaticity deviation < 0.003) for irregular color patterns while offering dynamic color adjustment within a defined gamut without physical alterations, thus extending freeform optical design to the full-color domain. Compared to conventional imaging systems, it provides enhanced energy efficiency and compactness. This versatile LED-based solution, capable of both static precision and dynamic adaptation, shows promise for applications in industrial design, augmented reality, and architectural lighting, marking a significant advancement in projection technology.
Optical carrier regeneration based on injection locking for single-sideband self-coherent detection
Authors: Luo Siyu , Li Zhengxuan , Cao Bingyao , Yi Lilin , Song Yingxiong
Published: November 2024

In this work, we demonstrate a low-cost electro-absorption modulated laser (EML)-based coherent receiver enabled by the injection locking technique in a 32-Gb/s single-sideband (SSB) transmission system. We focus on analyzing the harmonic components introduced by injection locking process when injecting an SSB signal into the EML-based coherent receiver and compare them with the harmonic components introduced by the injection-locked laser (ILL)-based coherent receiver. To mitigate the nonlinear impairment caused by the harmonic components, we validate the feasibility of a neural network (NN)-based nonlinear equalizer. We also evaluate the performance of the EML-based coherent receiver in comparison to the ILL-based coherent receiver and the Kramers-Kronig (KK) receiver. The experimental results show that the EML-based coherent receiver can provide a 6.5-dB sensitivity improvement with a 14-dB CSPR reduction compared to the KK receiver after 40 km fiber transmission. If the EAM photodiode has higher responsivity, the proposed reception approach is expected to achieve comparable sensitivity to the ILL-based coherent receiver with lower hardware complexity.
Design and optimization of a collimating lens for ultra-small µLED displays using FDTD simulation
Authors: Zhang Shuming , Chen Shulin , Zhang Liang , Zhang Runan , Gong Yujia , Kang Jiahao , Chai Chengzhe , Zhao Lei , Wang Chaohao , Yuan Ze
Published: November 2024

Next-generation augmented reality (AR) displays offer immersive three-dimensional visual experiences, demanding advanced technologies to meet stringent visual requirements. Micro-LED (µLED) technology has emerged as a promising option for AR displays, owing to its high brightness, small pixel size, and low power consumption. Efficient extraction and collimation of the light generated by µLED panels remains a major challenge, primarily because of the large divergence angle caused by strong sidewall emission. To address this issue, we propose a freeform lens that effectively collimates the light emitted from ultra-small µLED pixels, potentially enhancing the overall performance of the display. The lens is designed and optimized using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Our study focuses on the impact of dipole source positions on the collimation efficiency and demonstrates how increasing the distance between the lens surface and the µLED panel reduces the sensitivity to dipole positions, owing to the spatial filtering effect. The proposed lens design achieves a significant increase in collimated light intensity–approximately 58 times–within a ±10° range compared to µLEDs without any collimating structure. These findings provide valuable insights and guidance for designing efficient collimating lenses tailored to the stringent requirements of ultra-small µLED displays in AR applications.
Light emitters for on-chip SERF atomic magnetometers based on an inverse design method
Authors: Gu Ziwen , Cui Zhibo , Chai Zhen
Published: November 2024

On-chip spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometers (AMs) require linearly polarized light as detection light whose wavelength is 795 nm. In this study, we propose and demonstrate an inverse-designed linearly polarized light emitter suitable for 795 nm wavelength light. Due to the fact that the electric field of the TE fundamental mode is almost a beam of linearly polarized light, we verified whether the emission light obtained when only coupling efficiency is taken as the objective function is linearly polarized. Experimental results indicate that it is. Besides, we introduce an objective function with a circularly polarized component considered and get a right-rotated circularly polarized light emitter, which provides a feasible approach for the development of on-chip optical systems for SERF AMs.
Self-powered In2Se3/Ge photodetector from a visible to short-wave infrared region
Authors: Li Kuangkuang , Li Wenbo , Ling Kang , Liu Xingzhao
Published: November 2024

An In2Se3/Ge heterojunction is fabricated via molecular beam epitaxy. The p–n junction device features a broadened photosensitive spectrum ranging from a visible (VIS) to short-wave infrared (SWIR) region (400–1700 nm). Notably, self-powered high responsivity of 0.32 A/W@450 nm and 0.52 A/W@1550 nm, decent specific detectivity of 3.2 × 1011 Jones@450 nm, and 5.2 × 1011 Jones@1550 nm at zero bias are achieved. Moreover, our photodetector exhibits a fast response speed with a sub-millisecond response time. These results can be attributed to the high quality of the In2Se3–Ge interface. Benefiting from the superposable dual-band photoresponse, the potential of the device for encrypted optical communication has been demonstrated.
Coulomb coupling between two nanospheres trapped in a bichromatic optical tweezer
Authors: Deplano Q. , Pontin A. , Ranfagni A. , Marino F. , Marin F.
Published: November 2024

The oscillatory motion of levitated nanoparticles has been recently cooled down to the quantum ground state. This opens the way to the realization of an ensemble of coupled, macroscopic quantum oscillators. Here, we demonstrate the trapping of two nanospheres inside a dual optical tweezer generated by two copropagating lasers operating at different wavelengths (1064 nm and 976 nm). Due to the chromatic aberration of the tweezer optics, two focal points are created approximately 9 µm apart, each acting as an optical trap for a silica nanoparticle. At this distance, surface charges on the nanospheres produce a Coulomb force that couples their motion along the tweezer axis. The strong coupling regime is achieved, as evidenced by the observed avoided crossing of the normal-mode frequencies. These results highlight the potential of our experimental scheme for future studies on systems of strongly coupled oscillators, including their implementation in optical cavities, both in the classical and quantum regimes.
Symmetric Non-Monochromatic Light as Reference in Fourier Transform Spectrometers
Authors: wen muqian
Published: November 2024

Fourier transform spectrometers typically use a presumed monochromatic reference source to track and correct errors in optical path difference changes. This paper will conduct a theoretical analysis to show that nonmonochromatic light sources with symmetric spectral profile can also be used as reference sources without adding any more errors. An experiment was carried out using a symmetric broadband SLED as reference light to measure the spectrum of some other SLED light sources to experimentally demonstrate this finding.
Mitarbeitende im Fokus – ein angepasstes Reifegradmodell zur Messung der digitalen Transformation im Handwerk
Authors: Bosbach Julia , Helms Maximilian , Lattemann Christoph , Umel Audris
Published: November 2024

In Zeiten des Fachkräftemangels und der Nachfolgeproblematik im Handwerk stellt das Wohlbefinden (well-being) von Mitarbeitenden einen Schlüsselfaktor für die Attraktivität des Arbeitgebers und den nachhaltigen Geschäftserfolg dar. Aktuelle Forschung zeigt, dass die digitale Transformation (DT) je nach Lebensphasen und -umständen unterschiedlich auf Mitarbeitende wirkt. Entsprechend benötigen Betriebe Kenntnisse darüber, wie die DT Mitarbeitende beeinflusst, um hierauf angemessen reagieren zu können. Reifegradmodelle, die Unternehmen bei der DT unterstützen, bieten die Möglichkeit, die aktuelle Situation und Potenziale objektiv zu bewerten und dadurch Bereiche wie das Wohlbefinden der Mitarbeitenden und die Offenheit für Veränderungen leichter zu identifizieren und gezielt zu verbessern. Allerdings werden diese mitarbeiterorientierten Aspekte in bestehenden Reifegradmodellen unzureichend berücksichtigt, da sie bisher zumeist auf betriebsspezifische Aspekte wie Offenheit für, Verstehen von und Wissen zu Veränderungen sowie Fähigkeiten zur Bewältigung von neuen Aufgaben abzielen.

Dieser Beitrag stellt neue Reifegrad-Dimensionen vor, die das Potenzial des Mitarbeitenden-Wohlbefindens mit einbeziehen. Zur Identifikation und Beschreibung der Dimensionen wurden bestehende Reifegradmodelle aus dem Handwerk und Literatur zum Thema DT und well-being analysiert. Das daraus entstandene partielle Reifegradmodell wird durch eine Expertengruppe aus dem Bereich Handwerk evaluiert. Die Ergebnisse der Evaluation werden kritisch diskutiert.
On-site electronic consent in pediatrics using generic Informed Consent Service (gICS): Creating a specialized setup and collecting consent data
Authors: Danhauser Katharina , Mantoan Larissa Dorothea Lina , Dittmer Jule Marie , Leutner Simon , Endres Stephan , Strniscak Karla , Pfropfreis Jenny , Bialke Martin , Stahl Dana , Frey Bernadette Anna , Gläser Selina Sophie , Ritter Laura Aurica , Linhardt Felix , Maag Bärbel , Miebach Georgia Donata Emily , Schäfer Mirjam , Klein Christoph , Hinske Ludwig Christian
Published: November 2024

Enrolling in a clinical trial or study requires informed consent. Furthermore, it is crucial to ensure proper consent when storing samples in biobanks for future research, as these samples may be used in studies beyond their initial purpose. For pediatric studies, consent must be obtained from both the child and their legal guardians, requiring the recording of multiple consents at once. Electronic consent has become more popular recently due to its ability to prevent errors and simplify the documentation of multiple consents. However, integrating consent capture into existing study software structures remains a challenge. This report evaluates the usability of the generic Informed Consent Service (gICS) of the University Medicine Greifswald (UMG) for obtaining electronic consent in pediatric studies. The setup was designed to integrate seamlessly with the current infrastructure and meet the specific needs of a multi-user, multi-study environment. The study was conducted in a pediatric research setting, where additional informed consent was obtained separately for the biobank. Over a period of 54 weeks, 1061 children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years participated in the study. Out of these, 348 agreed also to participate in the biobank. The analysis included a total of 2066 consents and assents, with 945 paper-based and 1121 electronic consents. The study assessed the error susceptibility of electronic versus paper-based consents and found a significant reduction rate of errors of 94.7%. These findings provide valuable insights into the use of gICS in various studies and the practical implementation of electronic consent software in pediatric medicine.