bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’Arménie et Byzance
Authors: Ahrweiler Hélène , G. Garsoïan Nina , Arevšatyan S. S. , Arutjunova-Fidanjan Viada , Bartikian Hratch , Bellier Paul , Boisson-Chenorhokian Patricia , Brousselle Isabelle , Chaumont Marie-Louise , Cheynet Jean-Claude , Dédéyan Gérard , Donabédian Patrick , Garsoïan Nina G. , Hasrat‘yan Mourad , Mahé Jean-Pierre , Manoukian Seiranouche S. , Martin-Hisard Bernadette , Năsturel Petre Ş. , Otten-Froux Catherine , Outtier Bernard , Renoux Charles , Thierry Michel , Thierry Nicole , Yuzbashian Karen
Published: October 2016

Le voisinage étroit et ancien du monde arménien et de l’Empire byzantin a multiplié entre eux les liens, et il y a longtemps déjà que les divers domaines où se sont manifestés ces contacts font l’objet d’études. Si les Arméniens étaient attentifs à leur indépendance religieuse, ils n’en furent pas moins séduits par le prestige diplomatique et culturel de l’Empire. Quant aux Byzantins, ils appréciaient les guerriers en quête de fortune, qui, longtemps, les protégèrent de l’avance musulmane. Ces sentiments complexes ont perduré, en se transformant, à travers tous les bouleversements du Proche Orient : expansion arabe des viie-viiie siècles, impérialisme byzantin des xe-xie, et avance turque des xie-xiie.

À l’heure où l’attention se porte aussi sur les différences et incompatibilités entre Arméniens et Byzantins, le moment était venu pour des historiens d’Arménie, de Russie, des États-Unis et de France, de se rencontrer et de poser les bases d’un bilan sur ces relations contrastées. On trouvera donc ici les contributions de S. S. Arevsatyan, Viada Arutjunova-Fidanjan, Hratch Bartikian, Paul Bellier, Patricia Boisson-Chenorhokian, Isabelle Brousselle, Marie-Louise Chaumont, Jean-Claude Cheynet, Gérard Dédéyan, Patrick Donabédian, Nina G. Garsoïan, Mourad Hasrat’yan, Jean-Pierre Mahé, Seiranouche Manoukian, Bernadette Martin-Hisard, Petre S. Nasturel, Catherine Otten-Froux, Bernard Outtier, Charles Renoux, Michel Thierry, Nicole Thierry et Karen Yuzbashian.
Notes sur le positivisme italien et Spinoza
Authors: Bordoli Roberto
Published: October 2016

Vu la méfiance générale des positivistes envers la métaphysique, la philosophie positive italienne ne consacre à Spinoza ni une attention systématique, ni des contributions philologiques et historiographiques - et ceci à une époque d’épanouissement des études et des éditions. Néanmoins, les élèves d’Ardigò en particulier étudient Spinoza. Soir par rapport à l’épistémologie (conception de la causalité et relations entre hasard et nécessité), soit par rapport à la théorie de la connaissance et à la psychologie. Les limites des études positivistes sur Spinoza en Italie sont les limites du positivisme philosophique italien tout court, qui refuse la métaphysique d’une part, sans avoir et sans se doter d’instruments pour proposer une étude sérieuse de la pensée scientifique et de son histoire, er, d’autre part, sans cultiver aucun intérêt pour la philologie et l’historiographie (qui reste évolutionniste). En suivant cette voie, on retourne très vite au Benedictus-Maledictus de la tradition.
Le tsunami du 26 décembre 2004 : chronologie et reconstitution de la catastrophe dans la région de Banda Aceh
Authors: Lavigne Franck , Paris Raphaël , Grancher Delphine , Wassmer Patrick , Flohic François , Coster Benjamin De , Leone Frédéric , Gunawan Taufik , Fachrizal  , Setiawan Anggri , Syahnan  , Triyono Rahmat , Cahyadi Rino , Brunstein Daniel , Gomez Christopher , Hadmoko Danang SRI
Published: October 2016

We established an extensive database of tsunami field evidence in order to facilitate various numerical models of the 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Banda Aceh district of Sumatra, Indonesia. Inputs provided by 12 weeks of efforts during seven field trips include field measurements of runup, tsunami heights, flow depths, flow directions, and events’ chronology. We deliver detailed inundation maps of the western and northern coasts of Banda Aceh.About ten waves reached the coast. The maximum tsunami height reached 35 m during the third wave on flat areas and the maximum runup was 51 m measured on hill slope. This value is the highest runup ever measured in human history for a co-seismic tsunami event. The main hydrologic characteristic of the 26 December 2004 tsunami is the break of the main wave up to 3 km inland from the shoreline. The data collected, such as the numerous warning signs, could help further prevention actions.
L’apport du géoradar pour l’étude des impacts géomorphologiques du tsunami du 26 décembre 2004
Authors: Gomez Christopher , Lespinasse Nicolas , Lavigne Franck
Published: October 2016

This article aims at emphasizing the importance of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) campaign that has been carried out after the December 26th, 2004 tsunami. Out of a large amount of data collected in the field, we are unveiling here the sand dunes’ erosion and the correlated sandy deposits. This study takes place in Lampuuk at two different spots where either erosion or deposition was clearly identified. GPR data were completed with traditional destructive methods in order to calibrate the radargram. Results concern the coastal dunes’ eroded structure chopped by the tsunami. This structure appeared as a succession of 45° inclined layers, horizontally cut on the top, with, a post-tsunami sandy deposit cover – this last deposit certainly brought by wind deflation. The deposit area – in a coconut trees field – is located behind the dunes-field. It revealed a layered structure of sandy deposit that coincides with the water table progressive retreat. The sandy deposits were in average 45 cm deep, and showed some local variations mainly due to topography details. Then, owing to 3D processing we could also calculate the tsunami deposit volume in the coconut trees plantation: 4 415 m3.ha-1. In the end, the GPR allowed us to detect non-autochthonous deposits bellow the 2004 tsunami deposit that certainly result from a paleo-tsunami.
De l’urgence à la reconstruction de Banda Aceh (2005-2006) : enjeux urbanistiques, acteurs et perspectives
Authors: Cattedra Raffaele , Denain Jean-Charles , Vinet Freddy , Gaillard Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2016

This article analyzes the territorial contexts and the urbanistic stakes in the reconstruction of the city of Banda Aceh and its province, following December 26th, 2004 tsunami. A particular attention was paid to the role and strategies of the diverse actors implied in the emergency phases and during the reconstruction. Based on inquiries on the ground, on the analysis of several official documents, and on conversations with the main present actors, this contribution gives new insights to the difficulties of the coordination of the multiple actors (national and international bodies, the NGO, etc.) involved in the reconstruction, strengthened in a complex political settings due to the armed conflict between the national power Jakarta government or authorities and the Aceh separatists.The reconstruction phase is also complex because two documents of planning were successively produced in 2005 and were strongly criticized by the populations and the local actors. Indeed, the socio-economic aspects and the human dimension were not being taken into account. The third document will make then more or less the consensus and will lay the foundations for the new planning of Banda Aceh and its region.
Le marché du charbon, un enjeu entre l’Europe et les États-Unis de 1945 à 1958
Authors: Perron Régine
Published: October 2016

Première source d'énergie après la Seconde Guerre mondiale jusqu'à la fin des années 50, le charbon est la clé de voûte des relations économiques et diplomatiques entre les États-Unis et l'Europe de l'Ouest. Indispensable à la reconstruction, nécessaire à la stabilisation en Europe, il offre la possibilité aux États-Unis, de par leur influence politique et économique, de structurer un marché. Après 1945, ce marché charbonnier fut tout à la fois à l'image du « monde libre », l'expression du nouvel ordre économique international et de l'intégration européenne.

À l'European Coal Organisation (ECO), créée par les Anglais et les Américains en 1945, succéda la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'Acier (CECA) en 1952, alors presque copie conforme. L'Europe si diverse dans ses politiques économiques oscilla face à cette puissance selon les circonstances. En 1958, la grave crise charbonnière met en valeur une mutation de source d'énergie retardée depuis la Libération, et actualise une autre Communauté Européenne.
Misère de l’historiographie du « Maghreb » post-colonial (1962-2012)
Authors: Vermeren Pierre
Published: October 2016

Cet essai de synthèse est consacré à l'historiographie du Maghreb contemporain. Qui a écrit, et qui écrit l'histoire de l'Afrique du Nord, devenue Maghreb, depuis la fin du XIXe siècle ?
Un demi-siècle après les indépendances, sans doute est-il nécessaire de revenir sur ce champ de recherches extrêmement idéologique. L'historiographie du Maghreb en langue française se présente comme une succession de séquences politiques et idéologiques qui se chevauchent rapidement.

Pour éclairer ces interrogations, Pierre Vermeren dresse le portrait des générations d'historiens et autres spécialistes de ce champ. Cette histoire d'hommes, d'écoles et de réseaux est d'autant plus nécessaire, en ce début de XXIe siècle revenu des grandes idéologies, que la cohorte des historiens du Maghreb est résiduelle. Cette peau de chagrin scientifique peine à dépasser le cadre des spécialistes de la guerre d'Algérie. Or l'histoire de la région ne s'est pas arrêtée en 1962. En dépit de la forte demande sociale des héritiers et porteurs de cette histoire, le Maghreb s'est-il échappé du champ des préoccupations françaises ? Et pourquoi ?
Competency-Based Education in Higher Education
Authors: Irvine Christine K. Sorensen , Kevan Jonathan M.
Published: October 2016

This chapter summarizes the background and current status of competency-based education (CBE) in higher education. After briefly reviewing the history and current state of CBE in higher education, the authors address the more recent uptick in CBE options in higher education as well as potential drivers of demand, including changing demographics, demands from the public and employers for reduced costs and evidence of outcomes, and rapidly evolving technologies. The chapter includes examples of CBE programs in operation or development at selected post-secondary institutions and concludes with a brief look at barriers and challenges higher education faces in implementing CBS as well as possible opportunities for the future.
Challenges and Opportunities in the Currency of Higher Education
Authors: Everhart Deborah , Seymour Deborah M.
Published: October 2016

In 2013, the American Council on Education and Blackboard began joint research on competency-based education (CBE) to identify challenges and potential solutions for higher education CBE stakeholders. A key premise is that while credit-hour processes are likely to remain deeply embedded in post-secondary systems for some time, there is ample opportunity for innovation with competencies as a parallel and complementary currency. Credit hours provide a basis for current models of exchange in higher education, including credits for degree attainment, financial aid, and other critical functions. Competencies provide representations of learning outcomes that are more flexible and transparent and can be applied in multiple contexts within and outside educational institutions. This chapter provides scenarios that illustrate how competencies provide broad value in educational processes, not only as a means of documenting student achievement, but also to create meaningful connections between jobseekers and employment, for faculty and staff development, and for economic development.
The Next-Generation CBE Architecture
Authors: Mott Jon , Nyland Rob , Williams Greg , Atkinson Michael , Ceglia Arin
Published: October 2016

Institutions looking to adopt competency-based education often struggle with the technological challenges of supporting this model. In response, this chapter proposes a “born-CBE” infrastructure intentionally designed to support the data exchanges and workflows required by CBE. This modular infrastructure contains a system of record, a digital learning environment, a recommendation engine, a financial aid processor, a competency dashboard, and a competency transcript. In order for these components to work together cohesively, data standards for interoperability (LIS, OneRoster, and LTI) are essential. The authors then discuss the essential capabilities of the learning infrastructure. These include support for backward design, authentic assessments, various learning workflows, personalization and adaptivity, and learning and performance analytics.
A Framework for the Design of Online Competency-Based Education to Promote Student Engagement
Authors: Colson Robin , Hirumi Atsusi
Published: October 2016

Advances in technology offer opportunities for many varieties of online learning but much online learning design is based on past practices and technologies (Hirumi, 2013). This practice could prove to be particularly detrimental for competency-based education (CBE) given its unique profile as a form of online learning that is self-driven and asynchronous. Furthermore, the majority of CBE students in higher education are non-traditional adult learners who require a high level of support and engagement from their educational experiences. One instructional technique that has proven to be effective for promoting student engagement in online learning is interaction (Wang, Chen, & Anderson, 2014; Hirumi, 2006; Anderson, 2003). This chapter draws from Hirumi's (2002, 2006, 2013) framework for designing interaction in online learning courses to provide suggestions for creating online CBE instruction that engages and motivates non-traditional students in higher education.
A Framework for the Evaluation of Competency-Based Curriculum
Authors: Ozdemir Devrim , Stebbins Carla
Published: October 2016

Competency-based education is still at its early stages considering the lack of commonly accepted best practices to develop, implement and most importantly evaluate competency-based curriculum. This chapter proposes an evaluation framework for the competency-based curriculum as a result of authors' experience with a fully developed and implemented competency-based curriculum in a Master of Healthcare Administration program. In this chapter, authors will revisit the important concepts about competency-based education and curriculum evaluation. Authors will provide operational definitions and a framework for the evaluation of competency-based curriculum. The goal of this chapter is to provide guidance to the competency-based degree programs during the evaluation of competency-based curriculum for continuous quality improvement.
FLEX Path
Authors: Pearce Kimberly , Worden Brian
Published: October 2016

Capella University was founded in 1993 to serve adults who wanted access to high-quality higher education to maximize their personal and professional potential. In the early 2000s, to better serve its mission, Capella extended its online education focus and begin offering competency-based curriculum. Already a leader in online, adult-serving higher education, Capella responded to the external pressures of access and completion, affordability, and filling the gap between employers' hiring needs and satisfaction with recent graduates. The response was the development of FlexPath, a competency-based education and direct assessment option to pursue a degree that signifies clear demonstration of professionally relevant competencies. In 2013 FlexPath was the first direct assessment option to receive approval by a regional accreditor (the Higher Learning Commission) and the Department of Education for federal financial aid eligibility at the bachelor's and master's levels.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Organizational Learning Ability Analysis for Innovation and Firm Performance
Authors: Maroofi Fakhraddin
Published: October 2016

Organizational Learning Ability (OLA) and innovation performance playing a mediating role in the Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and firm performance, as per this research. Results also suggest that EO improves OLA and innovation performance, which in turn improves firm performance. Innovation performance performs as a mediating variable between EO and firm performance. Our findings make an important contribution to the recent extension of the EO–firm performance research stream focusing on the intermediate links between EO and firm performance. In this paper, we also suggest that the relationship between EO and innovation performance cannot studied ?as a direct relationship, but it is also conditional or dependent on OLA, the organizational factors that facilitate the organizational learning process. EO is a managerial attitude that must be support by certain organizational conditions that facilitate learning and have positive implications for performance. The results support our conceptual model and show its utility in illustrating differences in intra-industry firm performance.
O inescapável conto do homem tomahawk
Authors: Gabriel Maria Alice Ribeiro
Published: October 2016

De acordo com a crítica literária contemporânea, O homem que fora consumido (1982, [1839]) representa uma das mais significativas sátiras de Edgar Allan Poe. Esse burlesque sugere muitas referências aos efeitos do contexto dos magazines na literatura da primeira metade do século XIX. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever, de forma breve, a influência da carreira de periodista de Poe no campo da ficção, precisamente nesse conto, segundo estudos de J. Gerald Kennedy, Jonathan Auerbach, Leonard Cassuto e Stacey Margolis, dentre outros.
SmartEco - An Approach Using Electric Storage Heaters for Demand Side Management
Authors: Bürner Johannes , Kleineidam Gerhard , Braun Thomas , Skibbe Alexander , Franke Jörg
Published: October 2016

The transition from fossil generated energy towards regenerative energy sources is an important topic. Especially the generation from wind power plants and photovoltaic systems underlines the most important difference in comparison to conventional energy generation and distribution. One of the main characteristics of renewable energy sources is its decentralized generation, where existing distribution paths will become more and more a bottleneck in the future. The solution for this challenge is called smart grid and is driven by information, such as energy consumption, in order to match energy demand and supply. The SmartEco idea makes it possible to offload some of the energy’s surplus form the grid to individual customer homes in the context of the smart gird approach.
Multiple Esophageal Foreign Bodies in an Infant: A Rare Case of Serious Parental Neglect
Authors: Chakravarti Arunabha , Garg Sunil , Bhargava Rahul
Published: October 2016

A case of multiple esophageal foreign bodies, which were retrieved successfully by rigid esophagoscopy in a 1-year old child is being reported. There are few cases of multiple esophageal foreign bodies in children reported in the literature; this case was unique in presentation as there was no history of foreign body ingestion. This case also highlights the serious neglect present in our society towards children of lower socio-economic strata despite this child being the 1st child in the family.
Cytopathological Diagnosis of an Unusual Cause of Malignant Hydrocele
Authors: Jain Ankur , Khadwal Alka , Prakash Gaurav , Gupta Nalini , Varma Subhash , Malhotra Pankaj
Published: October 2016

Testicular involvement in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is well reported, but occurrence of “isolated” malignant hydrocele is extremely uncommon. We herein report a case of a 22-year-old man who presented to our hematology clinic with fever and easy fatiguability of 2 weeks' duration. Examination revealed pallor, cervical lymphadenopathy, and bilateral scrotal swellings. He was diagnosed as a case of Philadelphia-positive ALL (B-cell type) based on peripheral smear, bone marrow examination, and flow cytometry of the marrow aspirate. Ultrasonography of scrotum revealed bilateral hydrocele with normal testes. Cytopathological analysis of the hydrocele fluid showed the presence of lymphoblasts. The patient was treated with modified BFM-90 protocol along with imatinib mesylate (600 mg/day). He achieved complete remission with a minimal residual disease of <0.001% at the end of induction therapy. However, the hydrocele persisted and a repeat cytological examination of the aspirate did not reveal any lymphoblasts. The patient was treated with consolidation (high-dose methotrexate), bilateral testicular irradiation, and re-induction following which the hydrocele disappeared. The patient is currently on maintenance phase of BFM-90 protocol and is alive at one year of follow-up. Contiguous spread from the subclinical testicular involvement is hypothesized as the mechanism for development of hydrocele in the current case. The role of cytopathology in the early diagnosis of testicular involvement in ALL is emphasized here.
The equality case in a Poincaré–Wirtinger type inequality
Authors: Brandolini Barbara , Chiacchio Francesco , Krejčiřík David , Trombetti Cristina
Published: October 2016

It is known that, for any convex planar set

\Omega

, the first non-trivial Neumann eigenvalue

\mu_1 (\Omega)

of the Hermite operator is greater than or equal to 1. Under the additional assumption that

\Omega

is contained in a strip, we show that

\mu_1 (\Omega) = 1

if and only if

\Omega

is any strip. The study of the equality case requires, among other things, an asymptotic analysis of the eigenvalues of the Hermite operator in thin domains.
Gaussian-type isoperimetric inequalities in RCD $(K, \infty)$ probability spaces for positive $K$
Authors: Ambrosio Luigi , Mondino Andrea
Published: October 2016

In this paper we adapt the well-estabilished

\Gamma

-calculus techniques to the context of RCD

(K, \infty)

spaces, proving Bobkov’s local isoperimetric inequality [12], [13] and, when

K

is positive, the Gaussian isoperimetric inequality in this class of spaces. The proof relies on the measure-valued

\Gamma_2

operator introduced by Savaré in [22].
$L_p$-оценки некасательной максимальной функции для решения эллиптического уравнения второго порядка
Authors: Gushchin Anatolii Konstantinovich
Published: October 2016

Работа посвящена исследованию свойств решения задачи Дирихле с граничной функцией из $L_p$, $p>1$, для однородного эллиптического уравнения второго порядка. При тех же условиях на коэффициенты уравнения и границу рассматриваемой ограниченной области, при которых исследована разрешимость этой задачи, устанавливается оценка нормы в $L_p$ некасательной максимальной функции через $L_p$-норму граничного значения. Обоснование этого результата базируется на доказанной в работе оценке некасательной максимальной функции через аналог интеграла площадей Лузина.
Библиография: 31 название.
Human Toxocariasis: Prevalence and Factors Associated with Biosafety in Research Laboratories
Authors: Mattos Gabriela Torres , Santos Paula Costa dos , Telmo Paula de Lima , Berne Maria Elisabeth Aires , Scaini Carlos James
Published: October 2016

Human toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic disease worldwide. Researchers studying this disease use infectious strains of Toxocara for experiments. Health workers are at risk in the course of their daily routine and must adhere to biosafety standards while carrying out the activities. Researchers on biosafety concerning working with these parasites are insufficient. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of seroprevalence of Toxocara species among health-care research laboratory workers (professors, technicians, and students), and to investigate the risk factors of Toxocara infection associated with laboratory practices. This cross-sectional study involved 74 researchers at two federal universities in southern Brazil from February 2014 to February 2015; 29 researchers manipulated infective strains of Toxocara canis (test group) and 45 did not (control group). Serum samples were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Epidemiological data were obtained via a questionnaire containing information about laboratory routine, eating behavior, and contact with dogs. The seroprevalence of anti-T. canis IgG was 14.9% (11/74; 13.8% [4/29] in the test group and 15.6% [7/45] in the control group). Most individuals in the test group correctly understood the primary mode of infection; however, 13.8% did not use gloves while manipulating T. canis eggs. Knowledge of biosafety must be well understood by health-care professionals doing laboratory work with biological agents. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the rate of seroprevalence of IgG against Toxocara spp. among professionals and students who handle infective forms of the nematode T. canis.
Community-Based Surveillance to Monitor Mortality in a Malaria-Endemic and Ebola-Epidemic Setting in Rural Guinea
Authors: Tiffany Amanda , Moundekeno Faya Pascal , Traoré Alexis , Haile Melat , Sterk Esther , Guilavogui Timothé , Serafini Micaela , Genton Blaise , Grais Rebecca F.
Published: October 2016

Multiple community-based approaches can aid in quantifying mortality in the absence of reliable health facility data. Community-based sentinel site surveillance that was used to document mortality and the systems utility for outbreak detection was evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed data from 46 sentinel sites in three sous-préfectures with a reinforced malaria control program and one sous-préfecture without (Koundou) in Guinea. Deaths were recorded by key informants and classified as due to malaria or another cause. Malaria deaths were those reported as due to malaria or fever in the 3 days before death with no other known cause. Suspect Ebola virus disease (sEVD) deaths were those due to select symptoms in the EVD case definition. Deaths were aggregated by sous-préfecture and analyzed by a 6-month period. A total of 43,000 individuals were monitored by the surveillance system; 1,242 deaths were reported from July 2011–June 2014, of which 55.2% (N = 686) were reported as due to malaria. Malaria-attributable proportional mortality decreased by 26.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 13.9–33.1, P < 0.001) in the program area and by 6.6% (95% CI = −17.3–30.5, P = 0.589) in Koundou. Sixty-eight deaths were classified as sEVD and increased by 6.1% (95% CI = 1.3–10.8, P = 0.021). Seventeen sEVD deaths were reported from November 2013 to March 2014 including the first two laboratory-confirmed EVD deaths. Community surveillance can capture information on mortality in areas where data collection is weak, but determining causes of death remains challenging. It can also be useful for outbreak detection if timeliness of data collection and reporting facilitate real-time data analysis.
Observed Handwashing with Soap Practices Among Cholera Patients and Accompanying Household Members in a Hospital Setting (CHoBI7 Trial)
Authors: Zohura Fatema , Bhuyian Sazzadul Islam , Monira Shirajum , Begum Farzana , Biswas Shwapon K. , Parvin Tahmina , Sack David , Sack R. Bradley , Leontsini Elli , Saif-Ur-Rahman K. M. , Rashid Mahamud-ur , Sharmin Rumana , Zhang Xiaotong , Alam Munirul , George Christine Marie
Published: October 2016

Household members of cholera patients are at a 100 times higher risk of cholera than the general population. Despite this risk, there are only a handful of studies that have investigated the handwashing practices among hospitalized diarrhea patients and their accompanying household members. To investigate handwashing practices in a hospital setting among this high-risk population, 444 hours of structured observation was conducted in a hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, among 148 cholera patients and their household members. Handwashing with soap practices were observed at the following key events: after toileting, after cleaning the anus of a child, after removing child feces, during food preparation, before eating, and before feeding. Spot-checks were also conducted to observe the presence of soap at bathroom areas. Overall, 4% (4/103) of key events involved handwashing with soap among cholera patients and household members during the structured observation period. This was 3% (1/37) among cholera patients and 5% (3/66) for household members. For toileting events, observed handwashing with soap was 7% (3/46) overall, 7% (1/14) for cholera patients, and 6% (2/32) for household members. For food-related events, overall observed handwashing with soap was 2% (2/93 overall), and 0% (0/34) and 3% (2/59) for cholera patients and household members, respectively. Soap was observed at only 7% (4/55) of handwashing stations used by patients and household members during spot-checks. Observed handwashing with soap at key times among patients and accompanying household members was very low. These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions to target this high-risk population.
Chlorination of Household Drinking Water Among Cholera Patients' Households to Prevent Transmission of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae in Dhaka, Bangladesh: CHoBI7 Trial
Authors: Rashid Mahamud-ur , George Christine Marie , Monira Shirajum , Mahmud Toslim , Rahman Zillur , Mustafiz Munshi , Saif-Ur-Rahman K. M. , Parvin Tahmina , Bhuyian Sazzadul Islam , Zohura Fatema , Begum Farzana , Biswas Shwapon Kumar , Akhter Shamima , Zhang Xiaotong , Sack David , Sack R. Bradley , Alam Munirul
Published: October 2016

Household members of cholera patients are at a 100 times higher risk of cholera infections than the general population because of shared contaminated drinking water sources and secondary transmission through poor household hygiene practices. In this study, we investigated the bactericidal concentration of free chlorine required to inactivate Vibrio cholerae in household drinking water in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In laboratory experiments, we found that the concentrations of free chlorine required to inactivate 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 were 0.1 mg/L and 0.2 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of free chlorine generated by a single chlorine tablet (sodium dichloroisocyanurate [33 mg]) after a 30-minute reaction time in a 10-L sealed vessel containing Dhaka city municipal supply water was 1.8 mg/L; and the concentration declined to 0.26 mg/L after 24 hours. In field measurements, water collected from 165 households enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a chlorine and handwashing with soap intervention (Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7-Days [CHoBI7]), we observed significantly higher free chlorine concentrations in the 82 intervention arm households (mean = 1.12 mg/L, standard deviation [SD] = 0.52, range = 0.07–2.6 mg/L) compared with the 83 control households (0.017 mg/L, SD = 0.01, range = 0–0.06 mg/L) (P < 0.001) during spot check visits. These findings suggest that point-of-use chlorine tablets present an effective approach to inactivate V. cholerae from drinking water in households of cholera patients in Dhaka city. This result is consistent with the findings from the RCT of CHoBI7 which found that this intervention led to a significant reduction in symptomatic cholera infections among household members of cholera patients and no stored drinking water samples with detectable V. cholerae.
Making learning design explicit and shareable
Authors: Lloyd Margaret , Bahr Nan
Published: October 2016

The five papers in this issue of the Journal of Learning Design attempt to tidy up the messiness of learning design. They enact the objective suggested by Conole and Wills (2013) that learning design should make the design process itself “more explicit and shareable” (as cited in Rankin, Haggis, Luzeckyj and Gare, this issue, p. 15). Removing the messiness is an important first step to sharing practice in clear unambiguous ways.
The Strategic Integration of Enterprises as Determinant Of Merger and Acquisition Success
Authors: Srbinoska Dusica Stevcevska
Published: October 2016

Mergers and acquisitions are driven by the same motive: synergy creation and realization of larger value by combining companies. However, numerous merger and acquisition efforts show a lack of critical success elements: attention directed towards integration of employees and work processes. In this research, I focus on analysis of the meaning of post-transactional integration of mergers and acquisitions as a determinant to the business deal success, with particular emphasis on the Republic of Macedonia. The success of the merger i.e. acquisition act depends on how the deal is conducted, i.e. on the success of the integration process, which I demonstrate through a field research across several Macedonian enterprises.
Utilization of Genetic Algorithm in Allocating Goods to Shop Shelves
Authors: Takeyasu Kazuhiro , Higuchi Yuki
Published: October 2016

How to allocate goods in shop shelves makes great influence to sales amount. Searching best fit allocation of goods to shelves is a kind of combinatorial problem. This becomes a problem of integer programming and utilizing genetic algorithm may be an effective method. Reviewing past researches, there are few researches made on this. Formerly, we have presented a papers concerning optimization in allocating goods to shop shelves utilizing genetic algorithm. In those papers, the problem that goods were not allowed to allocate in multiple shelves and the problem that goods were allowed to allocate in multiple shelves were pursued. In this paper, we examine the problem that allows goods to be allocated in multiple shelves and introduce the concept of sales profits and sales probabilities. Expansion of shelf position is executed. Optimization in allocating goods to shop shelves is investigated. Utilizing genetic algorithm, optimum solution is pursued and verified by a numerical example. Various patterns of problems must be examined hereafter.
Family Vacation
Authors: Fuentes Sarah Quebec
Published: October 2016

Each month, this section of the Problem Solvers department showcases students' in-depth thinking and discusses the classroom results of using problems presented in previous issues of Teaching Children Mathematics. The October 2014 problem scenario offers students an opportunity to divide whole chocolate bars into fractional amounts to gain understanding of the partitioning of a whole into different fractional amounts, on comparing these amounts, and on the ability to develop and defend their thinking.
Assessing Students' Understanding of Fraction Multiplication
Authors: Rumsey Chepina , Guarino Jody , Beltramini Jennie , Cole Shelbi , Farmer Alicia , Gray Kristin , Saxby Morgan
Published: October 2016

Read about how the authors used many technological tools and platforms to engage a team of educators across the country in this collaborative project.
Ingestão voluntária de Marsilea ancylopoda por equinos em área de pastagem
Authors: Skalski Juliana , Dittrich João Ricardo , Mazur Karach Giovanna , Gomes de Carvalho João Paulo , Tonin Valdir Roberto , De Carvalho Patricio Maria Aparecida
Published: October 2016

A partir dos históricos de episódios clínicos e óbitos de equinos, compatíveis com sinais clínicos de intoxicação por tiaminase I, em área de pastagem em Almirante Tamandaré (PR), a espécie Marsilea ancylopoda foi identificada como uma das espécies predominantes na referida área. As samambaias do gênero Marsilea sp. contêm o composto tóxico tiaminase I, que, quando ingerido pelos animais, destrói a tiamina (vitamina B1) antes de sua absorção pelo organismo, o que causa a deficiência dessa vitamina. O sistema nervoso é especialmente afetado por esta deficiência, que pode levar ao óbito se não tratada. O presente estudo avaliou o comportamento ingestivo de éguas em áreas de pastagem com presença de Marsilea ancylopoda. Oito éguas foram analisadas e divididas em quatro grupos (duas repetições, com duas éguas em cada grupo): dois grupos em uma área de pastagem com presença de Marsilea ancylopoda e dois grupos em área sem Marsilea ancylopoda. O comportamento ingestivo de cada animal foi observado por dez horas, em cinco períodos de duas horas, dos dias 04, 05 e 06 de fevereiro de 2013. Os animais foram monitorados por exames clínicos e laboratoriais durante o período experimental. A ingestão voluntária da Marsilea ancylopoda foi comprovada por amostragem focal, identificada pela mediana de três visualizações em cada um dos cinco períodos de observação. No período experimental não foram observadas alterações clínicas ou laboratoriais. A ingestão de Marsilea ancylopoda por éguas em pastejo é voluntária e não depende da proporcionalidade da espécie na pastagem. Os históricos de episódios clínicos e óbitos de equinos relatados na área com a presença de Marsilea ancylopoda sugerem a intoxicação por tiaminase. Portanto, a possibilidade de intoxicação merece ser considerada e avaliada em áreas onde essa espécie é encontrada.
Cultivo de duas linhagens de tilápia nilótica sob diferentes densidades de estocagem em tanques-rede
Authors: Mattos Pedreira Marcelo , Schorer Marianne , De Oliveira Inácio Francisco , Jessey Tessitore Antônio
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desempenho de juvenis das linhagens de tilápia Tailandesa e GIFT, submetidas a diferentes densidades de estocagem em tanques-rede. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Campus Experimental do Moura da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) em Curvelo (MG), durante 6meses. Foram amostrados 5400 juvenis de tilápias, 2700 juvenis de tilápia Tailandesa com peso inicial de 60,9± 12 g e comprimento total inicial de 17,0 ± 2,32 cm, e 2700 juvenis de tilápia GIFT com peso inicial de 61,1± 17 g e comprimento total de 17,2 ± 2,45 cm. Os juvenis foram devidamente estocados em 18 tanques-rede(1 m³) e adaptados por sete dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (duas linhagens e três densidades), com três repetições. As duas linhagens de tilápias do Nilo, Tailandesa (T) e GIFT (G), foram submetidas a três densidades de estocagem: T1 (150 juvenis tilápia tailandesa/m³); T2 (180 juvenis tilápia tailandesa/m³); T3 (210 juvenis tilápia tailandesa/m³); G1 (150 juvenis tilápia GIFT/m³); G2 (180 juvenis tilápia GIFT/m³); e G3 (210 juvenis tilápia GIFT/m³). Não foi observada interação dos valores de desempenho produtivo entre tilápia de diferentes linhagens e entre as densidades de estocagem. Conforme o aumento da densidade de estocagem, maior a biomassa das tilápias. As taxas de sobrevivência foram similares entre as linhagens e suas respectivas densidades de estocagem. Os parâmetros físico-químicos da água não apresentaram diferenças para a temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica, pH, turbidez e alcalinidade, enquanto que os valores de nitrito e amônia deste estudo diferiram entre os pontos de coleta. Entretanto, todos os parâmetros apresentaram padrões favoráveis para o cultivo da espécie. As linhagens de tilápia, Tailandesa e GIFT, podem ser cultivadas em densidades de estocagem de 150peixes/m³, quando o objetivo do produtor for conseguir animais de maior peso, e densidades de 210 peixes/m³, quando a intenção for obter lotes mais homogêneos e com maior biomassa.
Utilização do meloxicam como anti-inflamatório e analgésico em gatos
Authors: Villanova Junior José Ademar , Catapan Dariane Cristina , Vilan Fraiz Franciele , Michelotto Junior Pedro Vicente , Binder do Prado Antonia Maria , Anater Amanda , Turra Pimpão Cláudia
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comprovar a segurança e eficácia do meloxicam em gatos submetidos à operações de castração. Foram avaliados 19 gatos hígidos, machos e fêmeas, provenientes do atendimento do Hospital Veterinário da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) e da Associação São Francisco de Assis para Proteção dos Animais. Estes animais receberam por via oral, meloxicam na dose de 0,1 mg/kg a cada 24 horas, por um período de quatro dias. Avaliou-se o efeito anti-inflamatório e analgésico por diferentes escalas, além de serem realizados exames laboratoriais antes e após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. Dos animais avaliados, a maioria foi do sexo feminino 15/19 (79%) e sem raça definida 16/19 (84%), ao passo que, praticamente a totalidade, 18/19 (94,73%) apresentaram analgesia satisfatória provocada pelo meloxicam (p<0,05) e somente um animal 01/19 (5,26%) apresentou efeitos colaterais ao medicamento (apatia, hiporexia, vômito e diarreia). Em relação à ação anti-inflamatória, nenhum dos gatos apresentou edema, seroma, dor ou rubor no local da incisão, e não ocorreu deiscência. Os exames laboratoriais realizados antes e após o estudo não demonstraram diferenças significativas (p>0,05). Portanto, a atividade anti-inflamatória e analgésica do meloxicam, na posologia estudada, para a espécie em questão, apresentou-se eficiente e com baixos índices de efeitos colaterais.
Exploration de l’imaginaire des professeurs des écoles : repères méthodologiques
Authors: Charrier Marie Cécile , Bergier Bertrand
Published: October 2016

Cet article présente les fondements épistémologiques et méthodologiques d’une recherche en sciences de l’éducation, dont le but est l’exploration de l’imaginaire de professeurs des écoles dans un contexte d’apprenance. La démarche, qui se veut compréhensive, soulève des questions d’objectivié/subjectivité pour satisfaire aux exigences de scientificité dont son caractère qualitatif ne l’exempte pas. C’est dans une réflexion sur le langage, envisagé comme compromis entre structuralisme et herméneutique, que le chercheur trouvera ses outils d’investigation et d’analyse: entretien semi-directif sur la formation initiale et continue, Archétype-Test à 9 éléments de Yves Durand (2005), réalisé à la suite des Structures Anthropologiques de l’Imaginaire de Durand, G. (1992). Nous verrons comment l’analyse du symbolism des termes de l’entretien, combinée au micro-univers défini par l’AT.9, permet de définir chaque sujet comme un héros, personnage principal d’une histoire mythique, celle de l’apprenance esquissée dans une autre étape de la recherche.keywords: Imaginaire de professeurs. Epistémologie. Herméneutique. Structures anthropologiques de l’imaginaire.
A educação rural à luz da legislação brasileira: 1927 a 1971
Authors: Zarpelon Aksenen Elisângela , Blanck Miguel Maria Elisabeth
Published: October 2016

O estudo aqui apresentado tem o objetivo de apontar e analisar elementos referentes à educação no meio rural brasileiro presentes na legislação de ensino no período compreendido entre 1927 e 1971. Para isso, discutimos aspectos presentes nas Constituições Brasileiras de 1934, 1937, 1946 e 1967, nas Leis Orgânicas dos Ensinos Primário, Normal e Agrícola e nas Leis de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação: Leis 4.024/1961 e 5.692/1971. Analisamos ainda questões sociais e econômicas presentes no período em questão, por partilharmos da ideia de Saviani (1987) quando este autor afirma que não podemos explicar adequadamente fenômenos educacionais fora de seu contexto histórico. Neste sentido, além de fazermos um levantamento do referencial teórico em questão, apontamos pertinentes discussões estabelecidas na I Conferência Nacional de Educação realizada em Curitiba no ano de 1927.keywords: Educação. Legislação. Meio Rural.
Estratégias católicas de formação de professores e circulação de modelos culturais e pedagógicos no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Almeida Orlando Evelyn , Mogarro Maria João
Published: October 2016

Este artigo trata das estratégias católicas de formação docente utilizadas no Brasil e em Portugal a partir da circulação de modelos culturais e pedagógicos que contribuiu para configurar os debates e as práticas educacionais nesses dois países. Dois periódicos foram considerados como fontes privilegiadas neste trabalho: O Boletim Catequético e o Boletim Escola Portuguesa. Ambos, destinados a professores, foram analisados considerando as estratégias de produção e práticas discursivas mobilizadas por esses periódicos com o objetivo de formar um perfil de professor que conjugava em si valores e comportamentos coerentes com os projetos educacionais do Estado e da Igreja. O aporte teórico metodológico se apoiou nas representações e nas práticas discursivas desses dois boletins, considerando a circulação de saberes pedagógicos que serviram para configurar saberes inerentes à formação e à profissão docente, a partir da ótica de Nóvoa (1987), Mogarro (2001), Pintassilgo (2011, 2012) e Pintassilgo, Mogarro & Henriques (2010, 2012). A análise desses periódicos permitiu verificar que os projetos educacionais veiculados pelos católicos, tanto no Brasil quanto em Portugal, se valeu de uma amálgama de várias fôrmas para instituir um projeto de educação eficaz em sintonia com os princípios dos regimes de cada país.keywords: Circulação de modelos culturais. Impressos. Formação de professores.
Os clássicos na formação docente: reflexões acerca do PNE (2014)
Authors: Oliveira Terezinha , Santin Rafael Henrique
Published: October 2016

O artigo que apresentamos traz para o debate as metas do novo Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), que tratam da formação de professores analisado à luz de dois clássicos do pensamento medieval,: João de Salsbury (século XII) e Boaventura de Bagnoregio (século XIII). Não pretendemos, com isso, afirmar que os escritos desses dois pensadores da Idade Média são capazes, por si, de nos fazer entender o PNE e influenciar diretamente o encaminhamento a ser dado para a educação no presente, como se o presente pudesse ser entendido a partir dos pressupostos do passado. Todavia, uma reflexão a partir de uma experiência do passado pode nos proporcionar importantes lições para compreendermos melhor o que significa educação de excelência. Para isso, partimos dos princípios teórico-metodológicos da História uma experiência do passado pode nos proporcionar importantes lições para compreendermos melhor o que significa educação de excelência. Para isso, partimos dos princípios teórico-metodológicos da História Social, que assevera ser o homem no tempo o objeto próprio da história como ciência.keywords: História da Educação Medieval. Plano Nacional de Educação. João de Salsbury. Boaventura de Bagnoregio.
Strategic organizational adaptation under multiple theoretical lenses: sudy og Weg Between 1961-2013
Authors: Parucker Lueders Darlan , Souza Matitz Queila Regina
Published: October 2016

Studies on strategic organizational adaptation are related to the development and application of descriptive and explanatory theories of strategic options and the degree of potential organizational mobilization in response to internal and external elements potentially influential of strategic decision making. The main objective of this research was to analyze the individual and joint explanatory power of organizational strategic adaptation theories, based on changes in the strategic content of a large Brazilian organization over 40 years of history. Methodologically, it is a qualitative, descriptive and analytical study. Secondary data were collected in books about the corporate history and information available in official media about the organization. The results demonstrated complementarities between the theories used to explain the organizational strategic adaptation phenomenon. Among the key findings, it appears that the understanding of the organizational strategic adaptation process in longitudinal perspective is a phenomenon that requires multiple theoretical lenses. Moreover, it results from the interaction between internal and external elements of the organization.
Introduction to thermal response tests
Authors: Cultrera Matteo
Published: October 2016

Not available.
Hot autumn of hydrogeology
Authors: Petitta Marco
Published: October 2016

Not available.