bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Iran’s Foreign Policy Concept in the 1920s-1930s.
Authors: Lokhova I.V.
Published: October 2023

The article highlights issues aimed at solving the problems of political and economic independence facing Iran, which affect the foreign policy concept of Iran. The development of Iranian society after the establishment of the Pahlavi monarchy took place in a complex and controversial international situation. The existence of the Soviet state near the northern borders of Iran, on the one hand, and the attempt to maintain and strengthen its control by Britain and other Western powers, on the other hand, influenced the features of economic and political development. Reflecting directly the interests of a certain circle of people, however, Iran’s foreign policy was subordinated to the tasks of restricting the economic and political positions of foreign capital in the country. Iranian diplomacy was called upon to provide favorable external conditions for ongoing internal measures to weaken economic dependence on the leading powers and strengthen the country’s international position. Solving the problem of overcoming economic backwardness, the monarchy in the process of changing the structure of the economy had to take into account three aspects: sectoral, territorial and socio-economic. As history has shown, the most difficult thing for Iran was to change the socio-economic structure due to the fact that the interests of the Shah and his inner circle were in the first place, and only then the interests of the country. The article did not set the task to consider the foreign policy of Iran in relation to all the leading powers of the West and the countries of the Persian Gulf. In view of these considerations, the main attention is focused on highlighting the key issues of Iran’s relations with the USSR and England. Accordingly, the main purpose of the work was to identify the most important moments in the evolution of the foreign policy of the Shah’s state in the 20-30s. XX century, and the reasons that influenced this process. The study of Iran in the system of international relations in the years under review is of considerable interest for understanding the evolution of the foreign policy concept, methods and techniques of Iranian diplomacy, which, despite changes in the socio-economic and political structure of Iran and the systems of international relations, maintained internal continuity. A significant role in the foreign policy of Reza Shah was played by dynastic interests, however, in matters relating to political relations with Germany, he tried to follow an independent national foreign policy
Dynamics of the Number and Socio-Cultural Status of Russian Compatriots in Abkhazia and Armenia
Authors: Khatsaeva Fatima M.
Published: October 2023

The article presents some analytical materials obtained during the ethnographic expedition “Modern ethnoworld. Horizons of the Caucasus” on the territory of Abkhazia and Armenia. The problems of ethnic Russians - compatriots living in the countries of Transcaucasia in the post-Soviet space are considered. Studies have shown that the Russian population in Abkhazia and Armenia reached its largest number in the 80s before perestroika. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the first major wave of migration of compatriots to Russia took place, the cause of the second migration wave was military conflicts, natural disasters and the subsequent economic recession. According to the results of the population census on the territory of the former Soviet republics, the number of compatriots as a whole has halved. Historically, the Russian population is concentrated in the capital and other central cities with developed industry and high educational, scientific and cultural potential. In Armenia, the places of compact residence of Russians in 11 villages located in the north-east of the country are widespread, among them are Lermontovo and Fioletovo, in which the descendants of the Old Believers of the imperial period, the Molokans, have been preserved. In Abkhazia, the Russian population lives in Sukhum and the Gagra region, there are practically no places of compact residence. In Abkhazia and Armenia, there is a high degree of socio-cultural adaptation of Russians to the titular majority. In Abkhazia, along with the state Abkhazian, Russian is recognized as the language of state and other institutions, and plays an important administrative role. In Armenia, the Russian language does not have an official status and serves as the language of interethnic communication. In both countries, the Russian language is represented in the media, and television channels are broadcast in Russian. Despite the difficulties faced by compatriots, they managed to maintain their national identity. A major role in this was played by the Russian state policy to support compatriots abroad and the efforts of the authorities of Abkhazia and Armenia
Some Aspects of Historical Parallels in the Relations Between South Ossetia and Abkhazia
Authors: Shavlokhov Georgy K.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of a complex of issues related to the relations of the peoples of South Ossetia and Abkhazia at different stages of their historical development. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in socio-political and expert-analytical circles there is a high interest in the historical conditions of the implementation of the course for the construction of statehood in South Ossetia and Abkhazia in the post-Soviet period. This interest is explained by the fact that in modern Russian historiography, the dramatic events of the recent history of the South Ossetian and Abkhaz peoples, their armed struggle for secession from Georgia, their self-determination, and the creation of national statehood are insufficiently covered. In this context, an important place is occupied by the study of complex socio-political processes in South Ossetia and Abkhazia in the late 80s - early 90s of the last century, which had a significant impact on the internal political development of these republics. In particular, the paper notes that the invasion of Georgian armed formations on the territory of South Ossetia and Abkhazia in order to liquidate their national autonomy predetermined the need for close cooperation between the South Ossetian and Abkhaz peoples, who are actively fighting for their independence and sovereignty. Particular importance is attached to the study of a complex of issues related to the political, legal and historical aspects of constructive interaction between South Ossetia and the Republic of Abkhazia. On the basis of various documentary materials, it is stated that the strategic course towards independence and sovereignty of the republics, self-determination of the South Ossetian and Abkhaz peoples, opposition to Georgian aggression was carried out in close cooperation between them.
B. Pilnyak «The Volga Flows into the Caspian Sea»: We Teach Extralinguistic Text Analysis
Authors: Dubova Marina A.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of theory and practice of philological text analysis in secondary schools. Despite the fact that the text belongs to the actively studied area of linguodidactics, the relevance of finding optimal forms of work on its analysis is not decreasing, but, on the contrary, taking into account the requirements of the new Federal State Educational Standards and modern realities, it is increasing. The author’s attention is focused on the reception of B. Pilnyak’s novel «The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea» as a text of culture. The author explores the ways of representing the cultural and historical context in the work, revealing its extralinguistic foundations. Considering the multidimensionality of approaches to the analysis of a literary text, we focus on the study of its connection with culture. Thus, the purpose of the article is to organize work on the formation of the skills of extralinguistic analysis of a literary text in high school students. The effectiveness and expediency of the proposed work lies in the organic combination of traditional methods of analysis and methods of modern pedagogical technologies. The subject of the study is B. Pilnyak’s novel «The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea». The analysis carried out is based on linguo-stylistic and comparative methods, as well as methods of citing and holistic analysis of a literary work. As a result of the study, an algorithm for extralinguistic analysis of B. Pilnyak’s novel was developed from the standpoint of its inclusion in the historical and cultural context of the era of the 1920s, which can be successfully applied to the analysis of other literary texts. The proposed format of work contributes to the development of subject and meta-subject results of students, the formation of research skills, the skills of individual, pair and group work, the development of communicative and linguistic competencies
OSCAR WILDE’IN DORIAN GRAY'İN PORTRESİ ROMANINDA VİKTORYA ÇAĞI AHLAK ANLAYIŞI VE YAŞAM TARZI
Authors: KIZILTAŞ Şahin
Published: October 2023

İngiliz tarihinin neredeyse bir yüzyılını kapsayan ve insanlık tarihini derinden etkileyen Viktorya Çağı (1837 - 1901), dünya tarihinde, sanayileşme, kapitalizm ve emperyalizm kavramlarının ve pratiklerinin doruğa çıktığı bir dönemin adıdır. İngiltere’de gerek toplumun gerekse bireyin değişim ve dönüşümüne olumlu anlamda katkı sağlayan sanayileşme ve kapitalizmin, öte yandan toplumun/bireyin kültürel ve ahlaki açıdan yozlaşmasına ve çöküşüne de zemin hazırladığı elbette ki yadsınamaz. Yaşam tarzları, yönelimleri, değer yargıları ve ahlak anlayışları birbirinden farklı olan toplumun bütün katmanları bu dejenerasyondan doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak etkilenir. Toplumsal yapıdaki sınıfsal hiyerarşinin en tepesinde konumlanan seçkin sınıfın ülkenin zenginliklerine sahip olması ve alt sınıfların ise bu tür maddi olanaklardan büyük oranda yoksun olması, bu yozlaşmanın insanlar arasında hızlı bir şekilde yayılmasına yol açar. Bu da yaşam tarzıyla düşünce yapısı çelişen ikiyüzlü bir toplumun ortaya çıkmasına neden olur. Bundan dolayıdır ki günümüzde bile Viktorya Çağı denildiğinde insanların aklında olumsuz bir imge belirir.
Bu çalışmada, Geç Viktorya Çağı'nın önemli yazarları arasında gösterilen Oscar Wilde'ın Dorian Gray'in Portresi adlı romanında toplumsal yaşam ve ahlak anlayışı, dönemin koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak, irdelenecektir. Bununla beraber gerek düşünsel gerekse pratik anlamda benimsediği aykırı yaşam tarzıyla Viktorya Çağının değer yargıları ile çelişen/çatışan yazarın yaşadığı döneme getirdiği eleştirel bakış çalışmamızda tartışılacaktır. Ayrıca dönemin ahlak anlayışının romanda ne şekilde yansıtıldığı çalışmanın odak noktalarından biri olacaktır.
ÇALIŞAN YOKSULLARIN SOSYAL DIŞLAMA DÜZEYLERİNİN SOSYO-DEMOGRAFİK DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: BİNGÖL İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: İNAK Abdulkadir , KESGİN Bedrettin
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Yoksulluk sorunu hâlihazırda devam ederken günümüzde yeni yoksulluk türleriyle karşılaşmak mümkündür. Çalışma eyleminde bulunmasına rağmen bireylerin yoksulluğa maruz kalması ve beraberinde sosyal dışlanma riskiyle yaşaması; araştırmanın temel sorununu oluşturmaktadır. Literatürde Türkiye ölçeğinde çalışan yoksulluğuna dair araştırma sayısının azlığı, çalışmaya önem katmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışan yoksul katılımcıların sosyal dışlanma düzeylerinin demografik değişkenlere göre istatistiki farklılaşma durumunu tespit etmektir. Yöntem: Nicel araştırma desenine dayanarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın evreni Bingöl ilindeki çalışan yoksul bireylerdir. Araştırma ölçüt örnekleme kullanılarak 550 çalışan yoksul bireyin gönüllü katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Bulgular: Katılımcıların sosyal dışlanma düzeylerinin genelde (2,79±0,45) ve de alt boyutlar bazında yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışan yoksulların cinsiyet, eğitim, yaş, meslek, gelir, sektör ve aylık gelir değişkenlerine göre sosyal dışlanma düzeyleri istatiksel olarak farklılaşmaktadır (p
STRUCTURAL MODEL OF FUNCTIONING MUNICIPALITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF CHOICE PRIORITIES OF REGIONAL AND NATIONAL development
Authors: Garipova Venera
Published: October 2023

In this scientific article, a monographic analysis of approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of "municipal formation" is carried out, a critical study of which allowed us to offer the author's view of the presented definition. A struc-tural model of the author's term "municipal formation" has been developed taking into account the current trends of national and regional development. The conclu-sion is made about the existing interrelation of the parameters of the functioning of municipalities with the trends of regional interests, which are revised and ad-justed under the influence of strategic goals of national imperatives of growth. Based on the study of the author's opinions regarding the interpretation of the concept of "potential" of a municipality and its structural components, the author's definition of "internal potential of municipal education" is proposed and the main system-forming blocks are identified, the analysis of trends in which allows to fur-ther evaluate their personalized meaning and give an integrated characteristic. The obtained forecast ranges of values are the basis for the justification of adapta-tion tools when carrying out transformational processes and adjusting development priorities.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR EFFECTIVE BUSINESS RISK MANAGEMENT WITH PRIORITY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Kazakova Nataliya
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the industry aspects of modifying the balanced scorecard technology as one of the flexible, easily customizable and effective tools for controlling business risks with a priority on the strategy for the sustainable development of the industry using the example of the electronics industry. The possibilities of decomposing the strategic goals of the organization in the form of additional components for the implementation of sustainable development goals, responsible departments and action plans that ensure the achievement of key indicators of the strategy are presented.
Methodology for anti-crisis management of regional economic systems under sanctions of unfriendly states
Authors: Tabachnikov Roman
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of developing a methodology for anti-crisis management of regional economic systems under the conditions of sanctions from unfriendly states. The preventive diagnostics of threats to the economic security of the region in the context of sanctions from unfriendly states within the framework of a bifurcation model of development is presented schematically. An algorithm for the operation of a system for early detection of threats to the economic security of the region from sanctions of unfriendly states has been formed.
THE ESSENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN SOLVING MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Semin Aleksandr , Skvorcov Egor , Gusev Aleksey
Published: October 2023

Understanding the essence, similarities and differences between artificial intelligence and machine learning allows you to better understand and apply these technologies to solve real problems and problems in agricultural production. The purpose of the study is to analyze the concepts of artificial intelligence and machine learning, taking into account their application in agriculture. It is concluded that artificial intelligence and machine learning are interrelated concepts that belong to the field of computer science and are associated with the creation of systems and programs capable of performing tasks that traditionally require human intelligence. The key features for comparing artificial intelligence and machine learning systems are highlighted. These include the objects of study, the approach to problem solving, the scope of the problem to be solved, and dependence on data. The results of the study can contribute to the development of digital literacy of business entities. Specific recommendations are given on the need to create databases of agricultural production facilities to enhance the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the industry.
Innovative development of Russian universities in the context of accelerated growth of the world market of higher education services
Authors: Latypov Artur
Published: October 2023

the article presents the results of a study of the processes of innovative development of Russian universities in the context of accelerated growth of the world market of higher education services. The volume of the market of higher education services in the Russian Federation in 2016-2021 is analyzed. The prerequisites for accelerated growth of the world market of educational services and its on–line segment are determined.
NEUROMARKETING AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSUMERS: PROSPECTS AND CONSTRAINTS
Authors: Diesperova Natal'ya
Published: October 2023

The article deals with perspectives and limitations of neuromarketing, which employs neuroscientific tools to understand consumer behavior. The concept of neuromarketing is strongly related to brain activities, understanding the consumers' subconscious mind, explaining consumers' preferences, motivations, and expectations, and predicting consumers' behavior. The purpose of neuromarketing is to provide unique information that cannot be obtained because of traditional marketing research. It is shown that despite the obvious practical usefulness of neuromarketing, there are serious limitations: complexity and ambiguity of interpretation of the results of using neuroscience tools for analysis of the consumer’s brain, that requires its complementary use with traditional marketing research. And ethical concerns that need to answer, first how to protect the privacy of consumers and provide them from manipulations.
DIGITAL MARKETING TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN MODERN BUSINESS MODELS
Authors: Minakov Andrey , Suglobov Aleksandr
Published: October 2023

he article describes the main approaches to understanding the digital transformation of business models. The components of successful digital transformation are: the development of an integrated business strategy, the digitization of the operating model, the search for new ways for growth and the coordination of factors that make transformation possible. Digital transformation is accompanied by strong changes in marketing: marketing personalization, network effects, customer involvement in marketing activities. Digital marketing technologies become more and more popular, for example: special software products (CRM systems, ERM systems), social networks, websites, digital platforms, cloud services, digital products and services based on artificial intelligence. Were also identified the main trends in the development of digital marketing technologies among Russian companies. Achieved results allow to propose recommendations for expanding the use of digital marketing in Russian business.
HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT AND FINANCING SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kurilov Boris
Published: October 2023

This scientific study examines the current state of the healthcare system on the territory of the Russian Federation. The organizational structure of the Ministry of Health is given. The main features of its financing by the state are analyzed, as well as preferential categories that can count on certain discounts from the state are reflected.
FEATURES OF THE SOVIET PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISHERY COMPLEX OF THE KAMCHATSK REGION
Authors: Agunovich Yuliya
Published: October 2023

From the beginning of the development of the territory of Kamchatka, its production and economic system was formed in the context of the presence of the richest aquatic biological resources, and, accordingly, their extraction and processing. Actually, the wide opportunity for the development of the fishing industry served as the starting point for the development and development of the region. Thus, the mono-industry structure that has developed in the Kamchatka economy has deep historical roots. The study made it possible to identify the stages of development of the fishery complex of the Kamchatka Territory, determine the features and problems of each stage, explore the dynamics of key indicators of the industry's development and analyze the relationship between the development of the industry and the socio-economic indicators of the development of the Kamchatka Territory.

This article highlights the results of the Soviet period of development of the fishery complex of the Kamchatka Territory, presents the results of a study of the main statistical indicators of the socio-economic development of the region, and substantiates the role of the fishery industry as the basis for this development.
Methodological basis for ensuring the economic security of government institutions based on increasing their production potential
Authors: Kostenko Vasiliy , Rodionov Aleksey
Published: October 2023

This article describes the economic activities of government institutions, considers the classification of threats to economic security, and defines a mechanism for improving the economic security system based on increasing production potential/
Mechanism for monitoring socio-economic development of the region (based on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Authors: Hayrullina Ekaterina
Published: October 2023

In the current dynamic realities and the difficult to predict impact of economic downturns on the development of regional territories, monitoring changes in the socio-economic context in order to quickly adjust the corresponding strategic directions and tactical actions at the regional level becomes of primary importance. For an in-depth study of the influence of various conditions and elements on the progress of the regional economy, a system of continuous data analysis is used. Within the framework of this article, a description of the criteria, algorithms for their determination and a strategy for highlighting the most important aspects that require active action are given. Modern reality emphasizes the need to create a well-developed system of socio-economic indicators at the level of the state and its administrative-territorial units. The composition of this system is largely determined by the ability to obtain relevant and correct data. The object of the study is a set of indicators of the socio-economic development of the region. The goal is to develop a modern mechanism for monitoring the socio-economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan. Research methods - documentary method, analysis of statistical indicators, system analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, tabular method. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization of approaches to monitoring the socio-economic development of the region and the development of a modern mechanism for monitoring the socio-economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Development of the food and processing industry as a factor in ensuring food security
Authors: Adukova Alevtina , Zaika Sergey
Published: October 2023

The article assesses the level of self-sufficiency in Russia with basic food products and their economic accessibility. The role of the food and processing industry in achieving food independence is shown. An analysis of food production and consumption, as well as the main indicators of industry development over a five-year period (2017-2021) is presented. The main problems in these areas are listed. It is noted that their solution requires more active participation of government institutions.
The main tools of the contract approach to the investment provision of the region
Authors: Panenko Anna , Rodionov Aleksey
Published: October 2023

The article presents structural and logical models of infrastructure regional benchmarking and contract modeling of regional investment projects as the main tools for improving the investment provision of the region by creating a high-quality institutional environment for investors.
The agrarian Russian-Belarusian space on the way of deepening manage-rial relations with an emphasis on border subjects of specialized manage-ment
Authors: Zhukov Nikolay
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issues of macroeconomic management of the placement and specialization of certain sub-sectors of agriculture of the border geostrategic Cen-tral macro-region of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation in the context of the development of a common agro-food market in the integration process with the Republic of Belarus. The analysis of the state of cooperation between the subjects of the Russian-Belarusian border shows that both of them do not sufficiently use the logistical proximity for more effec-tive management of specialization and concentration of agricultural production, since the indica-tors characterizing it are not higher than the average country parameters. One of the essential features of the functioning of the Russian-Belarusian agrarian borderland is the radiation pollu-tion of the territories of the subjects under consideration, which leaves its imprint on the system of agriculture and farming, requiring close macroeconomic management intervention, insuffi-cient at present. To change this situation, it is recommended to create a single management body for the contaminated territories of the Union State, with the formation of a kind of decontamina-tion agrarian economy here. Different results of agrarian reform in Russia and the Republic of Belarus, including in the border territories, indicate that the so-called "points of advanced growth" are being identified in Belarus, the basis of which is a socio-economic mechanism of an integration nature, when the agricultural production of goods of a number of industries has reached an export-oriented level here, with the export of this products to all continents of the world. Such a scientific macroeconomic approach of Belarusians is a visual algorithm for im-proving managerial relations in the Russian agro-industrial complex.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MISSION, STRATEGY AND BUSINESS MODEL IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF A MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Authors: Artemova Inna
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, the concept of sustainable development has gained worldwide recognition, it combines the solution of environmental, social and economic problems. The article attempts to reveal the topical issue of applying the concept of sustainable development through the prism of the approval of the strategy and business model of any company. Attention is drawn to the role of new factors in determining the business model and strategy of a company. The special responsibility of manufacturing enterprises for the development and application of the concept of sustainable development in modern Russian realities is revealed. It is concluded that companies following sustainable development strategies are more attractive to investors. The factors determining the sustainable development of an enterprise are determined.
On the issue of using RFID technologies in the activities of production units of the penal system
Authors: Ushakov Oleg , Rodionov Alexey , Stepanov Nikita
Published: October 2023

The article describes the possibility of using radio frequency identification of objects (RFID) technology in the practical activities of an economic entity. The principle of operation of RFID technology in practical conditions is described. The analysis of digital technologies used at Russian enterprises is given, indicating that this technology is in fifth place in terms of distribution. The industries where the use of this technology has yielded tangible results are given. The main advantages of this system in comparison with barcodes and QR codes are listed. The possible directions of application of this technology in production units are highlighted.
An integrated approach to the intellectualization of actual customs control in the intellectual checkpoint
Authors: Lebedeva Anastasiya , Afonin Petr
Published: October 2023

The article provides a justification for the application of an integrated approach for actual customs control modernization in the regions of operation of customs posts located on the Russian Federation state border. The authors analyzed the current state of equipping customs posts with technical means of customs control in accordance with the risk management system used by the Federal Customs Service of Russia, identified problematic aspects of the process of digitalization of actual customs control. Also, ways to improve the efficiency of the existing fleet of technical means and tools for the implementation of these areas are proposed.
Industrialized Construction: Megatrends shaping the future of construction
Authors: Sawhney Anil
Published: October 2023

The construction sector faces an uncertain operating environment in 2023 – a trend in all global markets. Components of this uncertainty – a seemingly never-ending health crisis, the war in Europe, supply chain snarls, fixed-price contracts in a hyperinflationary environment, the shifting nature of the workforce, and an emerging response to environmental and social challenges – are complex and require a holistic response from all industry stakeholders. In the last three years, every sector of the economy, irrespective of maturity level, had to embrace changes supported mainly by technology. The construction sector was also swept up by this irreversible change seeing a significant acceleration in technology adoption and reconfiguration of processes and practices. Couple this with the changes driven by the Industry 4.0 framework, and the construction sector can leapfrog to more efficient production processes, business models, and value chains. The past three years have brought the following five technological megatrends to the forefront: 1. Prefabrication and advanced manufacturing 2. Robotics and automation 3. Big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and predictive analysis 4. Internet of Things and digital twins 5. Realtime data capture using drones, laser scanners, and other devices With these megatrends and the progress in building information modelling and common data environment, the construction sector is now at an inflection point. A holistic paradigm that combines these emerging trends into a new operating model is needed. In this session, the speaker provides Industrialized Construction as this new operating system upon which our sector can continue to innovate. Industrialized Construction promises to reshape how we design, construct and operate our built assets. It is envisioned that the current challenges the industry faces can be overcome using this framework. This talk will discuss the key concepts, opportunities, and challenges of Industrialized Construction.
Digital Twins in AEC Infrastructure and Building Management Systems
Authors: Oditallah Mohammad , Alam Md Morshed , Ekambaram Palaneeswaran
Published: October 2023

The current practice of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) management systems relies on time-consuming, manual methods for data collection, analyzing, and decision-making. This affects the productivity of the industry in all phases: design, construction, operation, and maintenance of their assets. Adoption of innovative technologies is the key solution for the AEC industry to overcome the challenges they face and follow other reinvented industries. Although recent advancements have been proposed for more productive data acquisition and decision support by leveraging digital tools, Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the fragmented approach of adoption and the absence of a connected workflow is a barrier. Digital Twin (DT) is a digital presentation of a physical entity that replicates the status and behavior of its physical counterpart. It can help to improve overall system effectiveness and reliable data-informed decisions. However, the concept of DT and its key features is still not well-understood in the AEC industry. Therefore, this paper aims to review and investigate the twinning requirements and characteristics of DT and discuss its structure and potential solutions in terms of AEC infrastructure and buildings assets operations and maintenance systems. The DT concept, main characteristics, and critical considerations for the AEC sector are highlighted and classification for DT levels is introduced and discussed.
Robust Geotechnical Hazard Identification and Assessment for Major Underground Projects in Qatar. Case Study: South of Wakrah Pumping Station and Outfall (SWPSO) Project
Authors: Khalil Mohamed
Published: October 2023

The recent global development in geotechnical and geophysical investigation methodologies has continued to improve the possibility of early identification of critical geohazards and mitigation of risks associated with construction of large underground projects. This is not only limited to highlighting the potential risks, but also minimizing the cost and time for construction by avoiding or mitigating unexpected risks. A case study is presented by a recent unprecedented tunneling project in the State of Qatar featuring a 4.5-8.5 meters diameter, 55 kilometers in length, with various deep shafts, pumping station, and outfall in the Al-Wakrah city. Following an extensive desk study from available geotechnical and geophysical data in the vicinity of the project area and from previous practical experience from similar projects, a thorough geotechnical and geophysical investigation campaign was planned and executed. The result of the comprehensive ground investigation gave a clear picture of expected geohazards and prospective mitigation measures to be taken during the construction of the works. The paper presents a description of the main identified geohazards, including the presence of chert bands, karstic areas, massive caverns, high permeability areas, and high aggressiveness ground conditions along with its implications and mitigation measures, to be taken into account in the next stages of the project. A similar approach can be adopted for future infrastructure projects to support the geotechnical risk assessment and to minimize the impact of construction activities on the environment.
Upgrading Existing Infrastructure – The Case Study of Industrial IC Bridge
Authors: Tzaveas Theodoros , Anagnostaki Christina , Matsuo Yoji , Sergakis Georgios
Published: October 2023

Doha, the capital of Qatar, has been facing phenomenal growth of vehicular traffic owing to rapid development which has resulted in traffic congestion causing significant rise in travelling time in some areas. To mitigate these problems, upgrading existing intersections and consequently retrofitting the contained structures along significant corridors is a strategy implemented by the Public Works Authority in some cases. A case study presented herewith, is a project awarded as a Design & Build Contract by the PWA to upgrade the infrastructure at the junction of a major corridor (Junction 101 - Industrial Interchange). This paper covers the tender stage and the final design solutions, outlining the simulation models, assessment of the existing structures, the design analysis and the construction methodology adopted to address the operation and maintenance conditions as well as the project specific requirements and constraints.
Data Interpretation Framework for Pile Thermal Integrity Testing
Authors: Sun Qianchen , Elshafie Mohammed , Barker Chris , Fisher Anthony , Bell Andrew
Published: October 2023

Given the inherent nature of how deep cast in-situ concrete foundations (piles and diaphragm walls) are constructed, evaluating their integrity is difficult. Several well-established methods for testing integrity have been established, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages. In recent years, a new integrity test method called thermal integrity profiling (TIP) has been put into use in deep foundation construction. The primary characteristic utilised in this test is the early-age concrete release of heat during curing; abnormalities such as voids, necking, bulging, and/or soil intrusion inside the concrete body lead to local temperature fluctuations. During concrete curing, temperature sensors installed on the reinforcing cage collect precise temperature data along the entire pile, allowing empirical identification of these temperature variations. This paper proposes a staged data interpretation framework for pile integrity assessment, with the thermal integrity test serving as the initial step. The framework, which is adaptable to different concrete mixtures and pile designs, utilises the heat of hydration and the theory of heat transmission, as well as numerical modelling with the Finite Element (FE) method. It also adopts a staged procedure to assess the as-built quality; for a particular pile, more details are revealed about any anomalies being investigated (including location, size and shape) at each subsequent stage. The primary advantage of this staged process is that it enables practitioners to follow a risk-based approach and decide whether or not to pursue subsequent stages of construction depending on the results they get at the end of each stage. This provides practicing engineers with vital information about the quality of the pile immediately after pile building, so permitting immediate and less expensive repair and remedial work if required.
Along-Wind Aerodynamic Forces on a Rectangular Plan Building in Vicinity of a Gently Sloped Two-Dimensional Hill
Authors: Wani Abdul Haseeb , Varma Rajendra Kumar , Ahuja Ashok Kumar
Published: October 2023

Many engineering applications, such as wind energy distribution for optimum site selection for wind farms, pollutant dispersion, forest fire propagation and wind loads on structures in hilly terrains require a thorough understanding of the wind flow. The assessment of wind loads on buildings and structures located on exposed hill sites is a key application for understanding the effect of topography. This paper presents a wind tunnel investigation of along-wind aerodynamic forces on a rectangular plan building located near and on top of a gently sloped sinusoidal hill. The hill model has a slope equal to 15° and extends fully across the width of the wind tunnel in the direction perpendicular to the wind flow. A force measurement study is carried out on a rectangular plan rigid building model, which is placed near and on top of the hill at a total of 17 successive locations. Results measured include along-wind base shear forces and base moments. It is observed that the along-wind force gradually increases, as the building is moving closer towards the crest. The maximum along-wind base shear force for the building is reported just upstream of the crest. Increased along-wind base moment for the building up to a factor of 4.0 is observed at the crest. This paper is expected to be of great help to structural engineers for designing buildings in hilly terrains.
Hardened Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Recycled Granite Waste as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Boukhelkhal Aboubakeur
Published: October 2023

The present paper investigates the hardened properties of self-compacting concrete by reusing granite waste to replace natural fin aggregates. The reuse of solid wastes as powder or aggregates allows us to produce sustainable concretes that have lower environmental impacts and reduced cost. In this work, granite waste was used as a partial replacement to natural river sand in self-compacting concrete (SCC). For this purpose, four mixtures were designed in which three contained a combination of river sand (RS) and recycled granite (RG) and one only included river sand (RS) as reference mix. Compressive strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity and water absorption were investigated for the hardened SCC at 28 days of hydration. The results showed that the introduction of RG has no effect on compressive strength of SCC. Adding 30% of RG increased flexural strength by 12%. According to ultrasonic pulse velocity results, the use of RG resulted in more compactness and homogeneous SCC. In addition, SCC including RG showed less water absorption.
A Comparative Study on Punching Shear Strength Statistics for Ferrocement Slabs
Authors: Hussain Mohammed Ihtesham , Al Aamri Ahmed Majid Salim , Amalkar Manjunath Shantharam , Benti Chimdi Gadafa
Published: October 2023

Ferrocement is a modern material that is considered composite as it is made of cement mortar and tightly packed layers of wire mesh. Recent ferrocement applications include prefabricated rooftop elements, load-bearing panels, and bridge slabs. However, in various parts of the world, particularly the eastern hemisphere, numerous individuals and research groups have made significant efforts to study the engineering of ferrocement which includes tensile, compressive, impact, and fatigue strength, as well as, cracking behaviour. Despite this, the shear strength of ferrocement slabs has received scant consideration. However, since ferrocement is increasingly used in structural applications, transverse shear has become a determining design factor. This paper presents the behavior of ferrocement slabs when subjected to punching shear. Eleven square slabs with dimensions 916 mm were cast, and their thicknesses were adjusted along with the wire mesh and mortar strength. After 14 days of curing, these slabs were removed from the water tank, de-moulded, and tested. Prior to testing, the top surface of these slabs was bleached to reveal the crack pattern clearly. The slabs failed in punching instead of flexural failure and they demonstrated ductile behaviour. A comparison for the observed results for the strengths and behavior of the slabs was made.
The Effect of Surface Treatment of Basalt FRP Bars on the Shear Capacity of Oneway High-Strength Concrete Slabs
Authors: Al-Hamrani Abathar , Alnahhal Wael
Published: October 2023

Corrosion is a common condition encountered by steel reinforcing bars which has a considerable negative impact on the structural integrity of concrete structures. Nowadays, applying anti-corrosive composite materials such as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars as reinforcing bars instead of steel bars is a major area of interest among researchers. The current study presents an investigation on the influence of surface treatment of the basalt (B) FRP reinforcing bars on the shear strength ofone-way high-strength concrete slabs. Two types of BFRP bars were tested, one with a sand-coated surface and the other with a ribbed surface.The testing results showed that the ribbed BFRP bars resulted in a slightly higher shear strength than the slab reinforced with sand-coated bars. The ultimate shear capacity in the ribbed bars reinforced slab was recorded as 95.65 kN, whereas it was recorded as 90.08 kN in the sand-coated bars reinforced slab. Moreover, in comparison to the slab with sand-coated bars, the first flexural crack was delayedin the slab with ribbed bars.Also, reinforcing the one-way slab with ribbed BFRP bars has shown higher stiffness represented by lower midspan deflection at all loading stages compared to the sand-coated bars. As a result, this has induced lower stresses on the ribbed bars, which caused lower midspan strain values in the ribbed bars than the sand-coated bars.
Preliminary Study on the Use of Reclaimed Asphalt in Public Works Authority Road Projects in the State of Qatar
Authors: Santagata Ezio , Yeganeh Sadegh , Sebaaly Haissam , Elhussein Osman , Al Marri Ali Mohammed
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the outcomes of a preliminary study focused on the evaluation of four full-scale pavement sections in which reclaimed asphalt (RAP) was used in partial substitution of virgin aggregates during the production of asphalt mixes. Considered mixes were produced with different RAP percentages and were thereafter laid on site for the formation of asphalt base course layers of pavements in local roads of the State of Qatar. For comparative purposes, two trials included asphalt mixes containing no RAP, and in one case use was made of a rejuvenating agent. Activities carried out for the monitoring of field trials included analysis of component materials, critical observation of production and laying operations, assessment of the most relevant characteristics of produced asphalt mixes, and evaluation of the degree of compaction achieved during construction. Experimental results were of crucial importance for the introduction of RAP-related paving technologies in the State of Qatar, providing a meaningful background to the preparation of the "Ashghal Recycling Manual" issued by Ashghal and of the draft updated version of Qatar Construction Specifications.
Power of Full-Time Certified School Librarians in Missouri
Authors: Burress Rene , Atkins Charlene , McDonald Bryan , Burress Darrell
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of school librarian full-time equivalent (FTE) levels on student achievement in Missouri using state-level assessment data. The researchers obtained publicly available, aggregated data directly from the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (MO DESE) to conduct statistical analyses on multiple districts, years, and content areas. The dataset included data points from Missouri K-12 public schools over a nine-year period. The analysis utilized ANOVA and post-hoc tests to compare proficiency rates across FTE levels (no librarian, part-time librarian, and full-time librarian) for each school level and content area. Results indicated that schools with full-time librarians had significantly higher proficiency rates compared to schools with part-time or no librarians. Furthermore, the effect sizes demonstrated the positive impact of having a school librarian on student achievement across school levels and content areas. This study provides evidence supporting the importance of school librarians in enhancing student performance on state-level assessments.
From the Area Under a Curve to the Limit of Riemann Sums: The Transition of Discourse on Definite Integrals from the 2015 Revised High School Curriculum to University Calculus
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Jihyun
Published: October 2023

The transition from high school to university mathematics presents significant challenges for understanding definite integrals. In high school, students learn that definite integral is the difference between the two antiderivatives evaluated at the endpoints. However, in university calculus, the definition of the definite integral is based on the limit of Riemann sums. To facilitate students’ transition, we employed commognitive theory to design teaching and learning activities that incorporated the history of definite integrals. Our study aimed to document changes in students’ discourse on definite integrals and analyze the conflicts they encountered in the transition. In the pre-survey, most students believed that the area under a curve was the definition of the definite integral. However, in the post-survey, many students accepted the limit of Riemann sums as the formal definition. Moreover, students demonstrated growth in substantiating narratives on the connection between areas (or the limits of Riemann sums) and antiderivatives. Utilizing the history of mathematics, we provided suitable contexts to discuss explicitly the change in word use of the definite integral. Students’ self-reports indicated that history helped them understand the reasons behind the new definition of definite integral. Additionally, rather than disregarding the high school definition as incorrect or imprecise, students could relearn it in connection with the university discourse. Our study contributes to designing a smooth transition from high school to university mathematics and for mathematics teachers to adapt to the inverse transition.