bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on key technology of cooled infrared bionic compound eye camera based on small lens array
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Li Linhan , Chi Yinghao , Liu Jie , Yue Juan , Gao Sili , Yuan Xiupeng , Yu Yang
Published: May 2024

Traditional 2D imaging technologies are limited by the need for a large field of view and their sensitivity to small target motion. Inspired by the characteristics of insect compound eye structure, we propose an infrared bionic compound eye camera based on a small lens array. The camera is composed of 61 small lens arrays mounted on a curved spherical shell and a relay optical system. The imaging device is a high-performance cooled mid-wave infrared detector. This is an innovative design for an infrared biomimetic compound eye camera system that provides a wide field of view and all-day detection capability. Aimed to meet the specified requirements. The optical system achieves a 100% cold-membrane match between the infrared optical system and the cooled detector, and the relay optical system optimizes the large-field aberration by introducing a higher-order aspheric surface and modifying the geometric surface of the lenses. Our entire system enables an observation field angle of $$108^\circ \times 108^\circ$$

108
∘

×

108
∘

. The experiments showed that the image quality of the system is high, each ommatidium was effective within the imaging range of the compound eye camera, resulting in an improved signal-to-noise ratio in various scenes.
Transcriptomic signature, bioactivity and safety of a non-hepatotoxic analgesic generating AM404 in the midbrain PAG region
Authors: Bazan Hernan A. , Bhattacharjee Surjyadipta , Reid Madigan M. , Jun Bokkyoo , Polk Connor , Strain Madeleine , St Pierre Linsey A. , Desai Neehar , Daly Patrick W. , Cucinello-Ragland Jessica A. , Edwards Scott , Recio Javier , Alvarez-Builla Julio , Cai James J. , Bazan Nicolas G.
Published: May 2024

Safe and effective pain management is a critical healthcare and societal need. The potential for acute liver injury from paracetamol (ApAP) overdose; nephrotoxicity and gastrointestinal damage from chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use; and opioids’ addiction are unresolved challenges. We developed SRP-001, a non-opioid and non-hepatotoxic small molecule that, unlike ApAP, does not produce the hepatotoxic metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI) and preserves hepatic tight junction integrity at high doses. CD-1 mice exposed to SRP-001 showed no mortality, unlike a 70% mortality observed with increasing equimolar doses of ApAP within 72 h. SRP-001 and ApAP have comparable antinociceptive effects, including the complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced inflammatory von Frey model. Both induce analgesia via N-arachidonoylphenolamine (AM404) formation in the midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) nociception region, with SRP-001 generating higher amounts of AM404 than ApAP. Single-cell transcriptomics of PAG uncovered that SRP-001 and ApAP also share modulation of pain-related gene expression and cell signaling pathways/networks, including endocannabinoid signaling, genes pertaining to mechanical nociception, and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Both regulate the expression of key genes encoding FAAH, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1), CNR2, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4), and voltage-gated Ca2+ channel. Phase 1 trial (NCT05484414) (02/08/2022) demonstrates SRP-001’s safety, tolerability, and favorable pharmacokinetics, including a half-life from 4.9 to 9.8 h. Given its non-hepatotoxicity and clinically validated analgesic mechanisms, SRP-001 offers a promising alternative to ApAP, NSAIDs, and opioids for safer pain treatment.
Using optical coherence tomography to assess luster of pearls: technique suitability and insights
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zhou Lifeng , Yan Jun , Yan Xuejun , Chen Zhengwei
Published: May 2024

Luster is one of the vital indexes in pearl grading. To find a fast, nondestructive, and low-cost grading method, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is introduced to predict the luster grade through the texture features. After background removal, flattening, and segmentation, the speckle pattern of the region of interest is described by seven kinds of feature textures, including center-symmetric auto-correlation (CSAC), fractal dimension (FD), Gabor, gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), laws texture energy (LAWS), and local binary patterns (LBP). To find the relations between speckle-derived texture features and luster grades, four Four groups of pearl samples were used in the experiment to detect texture differences based on support vector machines (SVMs) and random forest classifier (RFC)) for investigating the relations between speckle-derived texture features and luster grades. The precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy are more significant than 0.9 in several simulations, even after dimension reduction. This demonstrates that the texture feature from OCT images can be applied to class the pearl luster based on speckle changes.
Severe decline in large farmland trees in India over the past decade
Authors: Brandt Martin , Gominski Dimitri , Reiner Florian , Kariryaa Ankit , Guthula Venkanna Babu , Ciais Philippe , Tong Xiaoye , Zhang Wenmin , Govindarajulu Dhanapal , Ortiz-Gonzalo Daniel , Fensholt Rasmus
Published: May 2024

Agroforestry practices that include the integration of multifunctional trees within agricultural lands can generate multiple socioecological benefits, in addition to being a natural climate solution due to the associated carbon sequestration potential. Such agroforestry trees represent a vital part of India’s landscapes. However, despite their importance, a current lack of robust monitoring mechanisms has contributed to an insufficient grasp of their distribution in relation to management practices, as well as their vulnerability to climate change and diseases. Here we map 0.6 billion farmland trees, excluding block plantations, in India and track them over the past decade. We show that around 11 ± 2% of the large trees (about 96 m2 crown size) mapped in 2010/2011 had disappeared by 2018. Moreover, during the period 2018–2022, more than 5 million large farmland trees (about 67 m2 crown size) have vanished, due partly to altered cultivation practices, where trees within fields are perceived as detrimental to crop yields. These observations are particularly unsettling given the current emphasis on agroforestry as a pivotal natural climate solution, playing a crucial role in both climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies, in addition to being important for supporting agricultural livelihoods and improving biodiversity.
From pixels to connections: exploring in vitro neuron reconstruction software for network graph generation
Authors: Hoffmann Cassandra , Cho Ellie , Zalesky Andrew , Di Biase Maria A.
Published: May 2024

Digital reconstruction has been instrumental in deciphering how in vitro neuron architecture shapes information flow. Emerging approaches reconstruct neural systems as networks with the aim of understanding their organization through graph theory. Computational tools dedicated to this objective build models of nodes and edges based on key cellular features such as somata, axons, and dendrites. Fully automatic implementations of these tools are readily available, but they may also be purpose-built from specialized algorithms in the form of multi-step pipelines. Here we review software tools informing the construction of network models, spanning from noise reduction and segmentation to full network reconstruction. The scope and core specifications of each tool are explicitly defined to assist bench scientists in selecting the most suitable option for their microscopy dataset. Existing tools provide a foundation for complete network reconstruction, however more progress is needed in establishing morphological bases for directed/weighted connectivity and in software validation.
Immunological nanomaterials to combat cancer metastasis
Authors: Pan Yuanbo , Cheng Junjie , Zhu Yang , Zhang Jianmin , Fan Wenpei , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: May 2024

This review highlights recent advances in immunological nanomaterials against metastasis and summarizes various immunological nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy strategies.
Pencil-on-paper flexible DBD plasma for surface disinfection
Authors: Kaushik Neha , Dao Thuan Nguyen , Nguyen Minh Thu , Borkar Shweta B. , Nguyen Hoang Tung , Xuan Le Thi Quynh , Acharya Tirtha Raj , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Choi Eun Ha , Kaushik Nagendra Kumar , Nguyen Linh Nhat
Published: May 2024

A flexible dielectric barrier discharge plasma device was constructed using a facile pencil-to-paper approach.
Crystal epitaxy-confined Pd, Ti-bimetallic sites in the MFI zeolite for benzylalcohol oxidation
Authors: Xu Wenchao , Su Jianyuan , Ni Xiang , Yang Qifan , Song Wenwen , Wang Lei , Zhu Hongjun
Published: May 2024

Crystal epitaxy-tailored Pd, Ti-bimetallic sites in the MFI zeolite and their impact on the benzylalcohol oxidation process are revealed.
A homochiral polar molecular piezoelectric material with phase transition and high piezoelectricity precisely designed by cyanomethyl group substitution
Authors: Yang Shu-Jing , Bai Yong-Ju , Qi Jun-Chao , Huang Xiao-Yun , Shen Xin , Lu Yan-Zi , Xia Zhang-Tian , Lv Hui-Peng , Liao Wei-Qiang
Published: May 2024

A chiral non-polar SHG inactive compound without phase transition is transformed into a chiral polar SHG active compound with phase transition by the introduction of cyanomethyl group, and the d22 value is raised significantly from 0 to 18 pC/N.
Solvothermal synthesis of KBi3F10:Eu3+ phosphors as selective three-in-one fluorescent probes for Cr3+, CrO42− and Cr2O72− ion detection
Authors: Liu Meifang , Jiang Yue , Du Huimin , Zou Ziwei , Ye Mengtan , Chen Jingyu , Ren Hanying , Yang Jun , Hu Shanshan
Published: May 2024

In this work, one-step solvothermal synthesis of KBi3F10:Eu3+ phosphors and sensitive detection of Cr3+, CrO42− and Cr2O72− ions in solution are presented.
Dual precipitating reagents-assisted deep blue-emitting borate and near-white oxide-based luminescent materials
Authors: Ghosh Mridula , Nayak Bibhuti B.
Published: May 2024

Deep blue-emitting borate and near-white oxide-based luminescent materials.
Solid-state excimer emission ofo-carborane derivatives and applications for stimuli-responsive luminescent materials
Authors: Tanaka Kazuo
Published: May 2024

This article describes solid-state excimer-emitting materials based on aryl-modifiedo-carborane derivatives. Recent progress in stimuli-responsive materials with solid-state excimer emission based on modifiedo-carboranes is explained.
Search for new biologically active compounds: in vitro studies of antitumor and antimicrobial activity of dirhodium(ii,ii) paddlewheel complexes
Authors: Mitrović Marina , Djukić Maja B. , Vukić Milena , Nikolić Ivana , Radovanović Marko D. , Luković Jovan , Filipović Ignjat P. , Matić Sanja , Marković Tijana , Klisurić Olivera R. , Popović Suzana , Matović Zoran D. , Ristić Marija S.
Published: May 2024

Paddlewheel Rh1–Rh4 complexes containing N-alkylimidazole ligands inhibit the growth of B. cereus, V. parahaemolyticus and C. tropicalis and induce cell death via autophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.
Discovery of a new bimetallic borate with strong optical anisotropy activated by π-conjugated [B2O5] units
Authors: Chen Meihui , Wei Wei , Zhao Jiawei , An Donghai , Chen Yanna
Published: May 2024

Herein, a novel borate Sr2Cd4(B2O5)3 was developed and synthesized based on the strategy of introducing distorted [MOn] polyhedra and near parallel arranged π-conjugated [B2O5] units. This crystal shows a large birefringence of 0.102 at 532 nm.
High-pressure synthesis of A-site ordered perovskite PbMn3(CrMn3)O12 with long-range antiferromagnetic ordering and a spin glass transition
Authors: Xue Man , Yan Xiaohui , Xu Deyang , Zheng Bin , Guo Wenbin , Kuang Xiaojun , Lei Xiuyun , Yin Congling
Published: May 2024

The high-pressure stablized quadruple perovskite PbMn3(CrMn3)O12 displays A-site cation order and B-site cationic disorder, which relate to the long-range AFM order and a spin glass transtion, respectively.
The human brain-inspired light-stimulated gelatin-biopolymer gated synaptic transistor for realizing cognitive activities
Authors: Mandal Bishwajit , Raveendra Kiran M. , Singh Samarendra Pratap
Published: May 2024

Artificial photo synaptic OFETs.
Protector-free, non-plasmonic silver quantum clusters by femtosecond pulse laser irradiation: in situ binding on nanocellulose filaments for improved catalytic activity and cycling performance
Authors: Imae Toyoko , Marye Shambel Abate , Wang Ling , Rojas Orlando J.
Published: May 2024

This study introduces a new, facile method to synthesize silver clusters with neither reducing nor capping agents from aqueous silver ion solution by using high intensity femtosecond pulse laser irradiation.
Engineering the future with hydrogels: advancements in energy storage devices and biomedical technologies
Authors: Sharma Amit Kumar , Sharma Reetu , Pani Balaram , Sarkar Anjana , Tripathi Mamta
Published: May 2024

Hydrogels, polymer networks with versatile applications in both energy-related devices and biomedicine, fall into three categories: natural, synthetic, and hybrid hydrogels.
Highly efficient adsorption of thorium(iv) from aqueous solutions by functionalized UiO-66 with abundant phosphonic acid active sites
Authors: Yan Chunpei , Peng Qihang , Peng Linshan , Liu Zhirong , Qian Yong , Jin Tianxiang
Published: May 2024

UiO-66-PO3, a novel functionalized metal–organic framework, exhibits high adsorption capacity and regeneration performance for efficient thorium separation and enrichment from wastewater.
Lewis acid mediated allylation of vinyl diazonium ions by allylstannanes
Authors: Rose Benjamin J. , Brewer Matthias
Published: May 2024

The Lewis acid mediated allylation of β-hydroxy-α-diazo carbonyls gives β-allyl-α-diazo carbonyl products. The diazo functional group is retained over the course of the reaction giving functional group rich products.
Sumanene–carbazole conjugate with push–pull structure and its chemoreceptor application
Authors: Ufnal Dominika , Cyniak Jakub S. , Krzyzanowski Maurycy , Durka Krzysztof , Sakurai Hidehiro , Kasprzak Artur
Published: May 2024

Sumanene-carbazole conjugate featuring the push–pull chromophore architecture was successfully synthesized and applied as a cesium cation selective optical chemoreceptor.
A “flotation” strategy for tailoring the solid electrolyte interphase on 3D composite Li anodes
Authors: Li Pengwei , Han Jiabao , Chen Kai , Xiao Liangping , Xu Qingchi , Xu Jun
Published: May 2024

A simple one-step “flotation” strategy to construct 3D composite Li metal anodes with a lithophilic 3D structure and a tailored SEI for dendrite-free lithium metal anodes.
Interfacial engineering of suppressing Li dendrite growth in all solid-state Li-metal batteries
Authors: Yang Xinyi , Wang Youwei , Guo Yuanhang , Liao Ziyan , Fu Wensheng , Liu Jianjun
Published: May 2024

This work presents a systematic review of recent progress in Li dendrite growth. The origins of Li dendrite growth are ascribed to two mechanisms, crack-induced and electron-conduction.
Constructing high-performance supercapacitors and electrochemical water splitting electrode materials through core–shell structured Co9S8@Ni(OH)2nanosheets
Authors: Xu Song-Lin , Zhao Rong-Da , Li Rui-Yu , Li Jia , Xiang Jun , Guo Fang-Yu , Qi Jingang , Liu Liang , Wu Fu-Fa
Published: May 2024

The material demonstrates a specific capacitance of 844.8 C g−1at a current density of 1 A g−1. In addition, the hydrogen evolution reaction performance of the material is 92.7 mV at 10 mA cm−2, with a Tafel slope of 147.86 mV dec−1.
A peptide-based pH-sensitive antibacterial hydrogel for healing drug-resistant biofilm-infected diabetic wounds
Authors: Fan Duoyang , Xie Ruyan , Liu Xiaohui , Li Haohan , Luo Ziheng , Li Yanbing , Chen Fei , Zeng Wenbin
Published: May 2024

A pH-sensitive antibacterial hydrogel which combined TPI-PN and HHC10 with quaternized chitosan and oxidized dextran via covalent coupling was constructed.
Transition metal-doped SrTiO3: when does a tiny chemical impact have such a great structural response?
Authors: Talanov Mikhail V. , Stash Adam I. , Ivanov Sergey A. , Zhukova Elena S. , Gorshunov Boris. P. , Nekrasov Boris M. , Melentev Alexander V. , Kozlov Vladislav I. , Cherepanov Valery M. , Gavrilkin Sergey Yu. , Tsvetkov Aleksey Yu. , Zavidovskiy Ilya A. , Tatmyshevskiy Mikhail K. , Savinov Maxim , Talanov Valeriy M. , Bush Alexander A.
Published: May 2024

Weak (2 at%) doping of SrTiO3 by Mn, Ni and Fe leads to radically different changes in structural and dielectric properties, demonstrating clear signs of pseudo Jahn–Teller effect, the first-order Jahn–Teller effect and defect-induced distortion.
Efficient non-doped blue electroluminescence based on phenanthroimidazole–benzoylfluorene hybrid molecules with high spin–orbit coupling and balanced charge mobilities
Authors: Zhou Yannan , Xie Mingliang , Wang Xin , Sun Mizhen , Zhou Huayi , Zhang Shi-Tong , Yang Wenjun , Xue Shanfeng
Published: May 2024

Herein, we propose a feasible design for enhancing PLQY, SOC and achieving balanced carrier mobility of the HLCT blue emitter. The non-doped OLED base on PPIFB with higher PLQY (91%), higher SOC (14.7 cm−1) and the balanced carrier mobilities.
A self-powered flexible UV photodetector based on an individual ZnO-amorphous Ga2O3 core–shell heterojunction microwire
Authors: Liu Yinzhe , Liu Kewei , Yang Jialin , Cheng Zhen , Chen Xing , Zhu Yongxue , Li Binghui , Liu Lei , Shen Dezhen
Published: May 2024

The photoelectric performance of a ZnO-a-Ga2O3 core–shell microwire can remain basically unchanged at different bending angles and bending cycles, indicating the potential application of the device in the field of flexible electronics.
Multiple stimuli responsive afterglow in carbazole-attributed coordination polymers
Authors: Zhuang Jia-Yi , Wang Zhong-Hao , Huang Yan-Ting , Zhang Qiang-Sheng , Pan Mei
Published: May 2024

LIFM-ZJY-1 and LIFM-ZJY-2 were obtained by self-assembly of carbazole-attributed ligand with Cd/Zn ions, which have variable color afterglow response dependent on excitation, temperature and time delay.
Reconstituting membrane fission using a high content and throughput assay
Authors: Swaminathan Uma , Pucadyil Thomas J.
Published: May 2024

Protein-mediated membrane fission has been analyzed both in bulk and at the single event resolution. Studies on membrane fission in vitro using tethers have provided fundamental insights into the process but are low in throughput. In recent years, supported membrane template (SMrT) have emerged as a facile and convenient assay system for membrane fission. SMrTs provide useful information on intermediates in the pathway to fission and are therefore high in content. They are also high in throughput because numerous fission events can be monitored in a single experiment. This review discusses the utility of SMrTs in providing insights into fission pathways and its adaptation to annotate membrane fission functions in proteins.
Examining Adolescent Language Performance in Discourse Production Across Four Elicitation Tasks
Authors: Wallis Adele K. , Westerveld Marleen F.
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Comprehensive spoken language assessment should include the evaluation of language use in naturalistic contexts. Discourse elicitation and analysis provides the opportunity for such an evaluation to occur. In this article, our overall aim was to describe adolescents' language performance on four elicitation tasks and determine if there are task-related differences across the elicitation tasks.

Method:

Forty-four typically developing adolescents with ages ranging from 12;2 to 17;11 (years;months;
M =
15;2; 21 boys and 23 girls) participated in the study. They completed four spoken discourse tasks: (a) story generation using a wordless picture book, (b) fable retell, (c) six personal narratives in response to emotion-based prompts, and (d) monologic response to two stories that contained a moral dilemma. Responses were transcribed and analyzed for four language performance measures tapping into language productivity, syntactic complexity, lexical diversity, and verbal facility.

Results:

Despite individual variability in performance, mean scores were close to median scores for most measures, suggesting a symmetrical distribution. As expected, all four language performance measures were significantly different across the four elicitation tasks. The personal narrative task elicited the longest samples, with the highest verbal fluency. In contrast, both lexical diversity and syntactic complexity were the strongest in response to the fable retell and the moral dilemma tasks.

Conclusions:

This investigation provides speech-language pathologists with an overview of how task-related factors may impact adolescent language performance. These findings may be used to support their clinical decision-making processes in choosing a suitable discourse task when conducting a comprehensive spoken language assessment. Three hypothetical case examples are used to illustrate the decision-making process.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25761768
The Role of Performing Arts in Promoting Valued Communication Outcomes in Individuals With and Without Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Durling Megan , Wilkinson Krista , Dunleavy Michele
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Although not often used in the area of speech and language instruction, performing arts (such as improvisation, instrumental, vocal, and dance performance) provide a context for self-expression that involves both structure and opportunities for self-expression and can offer an opportunity to contribute to a motivating activity in individual, unique ways.

Method:

We describe a semester-long performing arts class in which students from various majors and with and without developmental disabilities together learn various performing art forms (specifically, improvisation, vocal performance, and diverse forms of dance) for the first half of the semester. The students work together the second half of the semester to create a final performance. Student reflections that were gathered during one semester (with approval from the institutional review board) were examined descriptively to provide student perspectives into the program and to help understand how the structure supported interpersonal relations.

Results:

Student reflections suggested that the structure of learning the various performing arts resulted in establishment of authentic peer relationships through three pillars of friendship proposed by Finke (2016): (a) the opportunity to engage in fun and motivating activities, (b) the presence of repeated/multiple opportunities to engage in the activities together, and (c) the establishment of a safe environment where each individual's contribution added something of value to the activity.

Conclusion:

This descriptive analysis identified mechanisms by which performing arts can be a valuable context for supporting important social and communication goals in individuals with and without developmental disabilities.
Individual particle approach to diffusive shock acceleration
Authors: Petruk O. , Kuzyo T.
Published: May 2024

Aims. The momentum distribution of particles accelerated at strong non-relativistic shocks may be influenced by the spatial distribution of the flow speed around the shock. This phenomenon becomes evident in the cosmic-ray-modified shock, where the particle spectrum itself determines the profile of the flow velocity upstream. However, the effects of a non-uniform flow speed downstream are unclear. Hydrodynamics indicates that the spatial variation of flow speed over the length scales involved in the acceleration of particles in supernova remnants (SNRs) could be noticeable.

Methods. In the present paper, we address this question. We initially followed Bell’s approach to particle acceleration and then also solved the kinetic equation. We obtained an analytical solution for the momentum distribution of particles accelerated at the cosmic-ray-modified shock with spatially variable flow speed downstream.

Results. We parameterised the downstream speed profile to illustrate its effect on two model cases: the test particle and non-linear acceleration. The resulting particle spectrum is generally softer in Sedov SNRs because the distribution of the flow speed reduces the overall shock compression accessible to particles with higher momenta. On the other hand, the flow structure in young SNRs could lead to harder spectra. The diffusive properties of particles play a crucial role as they determine the distance the particles can return from to the shock, and, as a consequence, the flow speed that they encounter downstream. We discuss a possibility that the plasma velocity gradient could be (at least partially) responsible for the evolution of the radio index and for the high-energy break visible in gamma rays from some SNRs. We expect the effects of the gradient of the flow velocity downstream to be prominent in regions of SNRs with higher diffusion coefficients and lower magnetic field, that is, where acceleration of particles is not very efficient.
SRG/ART-XC all-sky X-ray survey: Catalog of sources detected during the first five surveys
Authors: Sazonov S. , Burenin R. , Filippova E. , Krivonos R. , Arefiev V. , Borisov K. , Buntov M. , Chen C.-T. , Ehlert S. , Garanin S. , Garin M. , Grigorovich S. , Lapshov I. , Levin V. , Lutovinov A. , Mereminskiy I. , Molkov S. , Pavlinsky M. , Ramsey B. D. , Semena A. , Semena N. , Shtykovsky A. , Sunyaev R. , Tkachenko A. , Swartz D. A. , Uskov G. , Vikhlinin A. , Voron V. , Zakharov E. , Zaznobin I.
Published: May 2024

We present an updated catalog of sources detected by the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope aboard the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory during its all-sky survey. It is based on the data of the first four and the partially completed fifth scans of the sky (ARTSS1-5). The catalog comprises 1545 sources detected in the 4–12 keV energy band. The achieved sensitivity ranges between ~4 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2 near the ecliptic plane and ~7 × 10−13 erg s−1 cm−2 near the ecliptic poles, which is a ~30–50% improvement over the previous version of the catalog based on the first two all-sky scans (ARTSS12). There are ~130 objects, excluding the expected contribution of spurious detections, that were not known as X-ray sources before the SRG/ART-XC all-sky survey. We provide information, partly based on our ongoing follow-up optical spectroscopy program, on the identification and classification of the majority of the ARTSS1-5 sources (1463), of which 173 are tentative at the moment. The majority of the classified objects (964) are extragalactic, a small fraction (30) are located in the Local Group of galaxies, and 469 are Galactic. The dominant classes of objects in the catalog are active galactic nuclei (911) and cataclysmic variables (192).
A JVLA, LOFAR, e-Merlin, VLBA, and EVN study of RBS 797: can binary supermassive black holes explain the outburst history of the central radio galaxy?
Authors: Ubertosi F. , Giroletti M. , Gitti M. , Biava N. , De Rubeis E. , Bonafede A. , Feretti L. , Bondi M. , Bruno L. , Liuzzo E. , Ignesti A. , Brunetti G.
Published: May 2024

Aims. The multifaceted central radio galaxy of the cluster RBS 797 shows several episodes of jet activity in multiple directions. We wish to understand the causes behind these dramatic misalignments and measure the timescales of the successive outbursts.

Methods. We present a multifrequency (144 MHz – 9 GHz) and multiscale (5 pc – 50 kpc) investigation of the central radio galaxy in RBS 797, by means of JVLA, LOFAR (with international stations), e-Merlin, VLBA, and EVN data. We investigate the morphological and spectral properties of the radio lobes, the jets, and the active core.

Results. We confirm the co-spatiality of the radio lobes with the four perpendicular X-ray cavities previously discovered. The radiative ages of the east-west lobes (31.4 ± 6.6 Myr) and of the north-south lobes (32.1 ± 9.9 Myr) support a coeval origin of the perpendicular outbursts, which also have similar active phase duration (∼12 Myr). Based on the analysis of the inner north-south jets (on scales of ≤10 kpc), we (a) confirm the S-shaped jet morphology; (b) show the presence of two hotspots per jet with a similar spectral index; and (c) estimate the age of the twisting north-south jets to be less than ∼8 Myr. Based on these results, we determine that jet precession, with a period ∼9 Myr, half-opening angle ∼24°, and jet advance speed ∼0.01c, can explain the properties of the north-south jets. We also find that the synchrotron injection index has steepened from the large, older outbursts (Γ ∼ 0.5) to the younger S-shaped jets (Γ ∼ 0.9), possibly due to a transition from FR I-like to FR II-like activity. The e-Merlin, VLBA, and EVN data reveal a single, compact core at the heart of RBS 797, surrounded by extended radio emission whose orientation depends on the spatial scale sampled by the data.

Conclusions. We explore several engine-based scenarios to explain these results. Piecing together the available evidence, we argue that RBS 797 likely hosts (or hosted) binary active supermassive black holes (SMBHs). The detection of a single component in the VLBA and EVN data is still consistent with this interpretation, since the predicted separation of the binary SMBHs (≤0.6 pc) is an order of magnitude smaller than the resolution of the available radio data (5 pc).
Identification of SNPs associated with the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in cow milk
Authors: Stepanov Alexey , Bykova Olga , Pilnikova Sofia
Published: May 2024

The fatty acids in milk fat have a heterogeneous composition due to differences in chain length, their saturation degree, etc. Fatty acids with the number of carbon atoms in the chain from 10 to 14 are considered carriers of the unique taste of dairy products, in particular cheese and butter. In addition, medium-chain fatty acids are used in the treatment of newborn children, as well as adults with disorders of: triglyceride hydrolysis in the small intestine and the process of their absorption, chronic pancreatitis, congenital celiac disease, chronic enteritis, etc. A comprehensive study of the composition of fatty acids in cattle milk provides an opportunity to use this feature in breeding work by selecting genotypes to obtain raw materials with specified properties.
Identification of lethal recessive genetic variants in Holstein cattle
Authors: Kostyunina Olga , Yaryshkin Andrey , Bykova Olga , Stepanov Alexey , Shevkunov Oleg , Shakirov Vyacheslav , Zyryanova Anastasia , Eroshenko Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

Artificial insemination is the main method of herd reproduction in cattle breeding and is associated with the risk of spreading genetically determined diseases. Widely used high-yield bulls are often carriers of fertility haplotypes and other harmful genetic variants. The traditional approach to identifying genetic factors associated with lethal recessive variants that cause defects or death is to track the common ancestors of sick animals using pedigrees and is unable to detect harmful genetic variants that cause the death of embryos. A homozygous harmful phenotype leads to early death of the developing embryo, the only observed consequence of this is lower fertility of the parents. With the development of genomic technologies, it has become possible to identify mutations that lead to embryonic death at different stages of fetal development. The purpose of the work was to perform an analytical review of the literature on the identification of lethal recessive genetic variants in cattle. The haplotypic approach is considered as the main method of detecting harmful mutations. The essence of the method is to search for segments in the genome, the actual homozygosity of which tends to zero, unlike the expected one. Haplotype analysis revealed lethal recessive genetic variants and causal mutations in Holstein cattle, common in populations with a frequency of 0.07-47.75%. Considering the occurrence of lethal genetic variants in cattle populations, the disclosure of the basis of genetically determined diseases will make it possible to screen animals and eliminate carriers from the breeding process.
Relationship between blood biochemical parameters and beef quality indicators in Hereford bulls
Authors: Gerasimov Nikolay , Dzhulamanov Kinispay , Elemesov Bauyrzhan
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood serum biochemical composition and hormonal status of Hereford bulls and beef quality indicators. The object of the study was Hereford bulls (n=9) aged 20-21 months. AST activity was positively correlated with the amount of fat (r=0.70; P<0.05), whereas a similarly strong but inverse relationship (r=-0.87; P<0.05) was found with the moisture content in beef. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.71; P<0.05) was found between thyroxine content and linolenic fatty acid. The most significant correlation of palmitic (r=0.72; P<0.05) and oleic FA synthesis (r=-0.72; P<0.05) was observed with total protein content. Tyrosine, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were negatively correlated with amino acid composition. Moreover, the association of thyroxine with methionine (r=-0.76; P<0.05), triglycerides with arginine (r=-0.82; P<0.05), methionine (r=-0.68; P<0.05) and threonine (r=-0.69; P<0.05) reached significant values in terms of strength. These summary tests objectively describe the peculiarities of synthetic and metabolic processes in the bovine body. A complex approach to predicting the biological value of beef based on correlation with physiological and biochemical indices of blood in young Hereford cattle has been applied to increase the efficiency of selection and breeding work in beef cattle breeding.
Milk quality indiators of highly productive cows when using a pharmaceutical composition based on bacteriocin-nizin
Authors: Isakova M.N. , Oparina O.Yu. , Lysova Ya.Yu.
Published: May 2024

The article presents data on the effect of a new pharmaceutical composition on milk quality indicators of highly productive cows with a subclinical form of mastitis. The therapeutic efficacy of the new pharmaceutical composition in the treatment regimen of cows with a subclinical form of mastitis was 86.9%. An objective indicator of a healthy udder in cows is the amount of somatic cells contained in milk. After applying the pharmaceutical composition, this indicator decreased by 711.88 thousand/ml. At the end of the experimental period, the average amount of lactoferrin in the milk of cows of the experimental group was 0.35±0.15 mg/ml, which indicates the absence of inflammatory reactions in the mammary gland. It was found that the composition used is effective against such pathogens of mastitis as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus spp., bacteria of the Escherichia coli group (Escherichia, Enterobacter). Thus, in 60.0% of breast secretion samples from cows of the experimental group, the absence of microflora growth was observed. At the same time, in 40.0% of the samples, the number of colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus corresponded to the indicators of normal microflora.
Physical-chemical parameters of milk of Holstein cows, depending on the origin
Authors: Gorelik O.V. , Neverova E.P. , Chepushtanova O.V. , Nikulin V.N. , Razhina E.V. , Baerinas M.N.
Published: May 2024

In the Sverdlovsk region, dairy cattle of the Holstein breed is widely used, obtained as a result of long-term use of the global gene pool of Holstein servicing bulls. The assessment of the nutritional value of milk from cows-daughters of different servicing bulls of Holstein cattle genealogical lines and its quality from the point of view of raw materials for the dairy industry is relevant and has practical significance. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the livestock of cattle in the farm belongs to five lines – these are Vis Back Ideal 1013485 (25.1%), Reflection Sovering 198998 (19.6%), Montwick Chieftain 95679 (18.2%), Pabst Governor 882933 (22.7%), and Annas Adema 30587 (14.4%). Several servicing bulls are used in each line. Milk obtained from cows-daughters of servicing bulls of the Annas Adema 30587 line has high nutritional values of milk and its caloric content is 76.15-77.50 kCal, which is higher than average. The milk of cows-daughters of all servicing bulls from all the studied lines, despite the difference in physical-chemical parameters, met the requirements of GOST 31449-2013 “Raw cow’s milk. Technical specifications” of the highest grade. Thus, the farm breeds highly productive Holstein cattle with high milk quality indicators.
Functional approach to D-fortification of sunflower oil as a factor of nutritional compensation of vitamin deficiency and immunoprophylaxis
Authors: Timakova R. , Efremova S. , Politaeva N. , Iliukhina Iu.
Published: May 2024

In modern conditions of the spread of new strains of microorganisms, along with sanitary and hygienic issues of prevention, measures aimed at immunoprotection play an important role. Insufficient micronutrient supply of vitamin D contributes to a high susceptibility of a person to an infectious agent. Insufficient supply of vitamin D contributes to a high human susceptibility to an infectious agent. Adequate compensation for chronic deficiency of fat-soluble vitamin D in food belongs to a promising field of nutritionology. In the structure of oilseed production of Russian farmers, about 60% is occupied by sunflower oil, which practically lacks vitamin D. The development of fortified sunflower oil that compensates for this need solves a two-pronged task: as a preventive measure and as a biologically valuable food product. According to the research results, it has been established that the fortification of unrefined sunflower oil with the addition of 0.04... 0.20 ml of vitamin D3 oil solution with an activity of 50,000 M.E. provides coverage of 10-50% of the daily requirement for vitamin D3. In the samples of unpacked unrefined sunflower oil, the indicators of oxidative spoilage during storage up to 60 days corresponded to the normalized requirements for premium vegetable oil with lower indicators with an increase in the amount of vitamin D3 oil solution added.
Method of goat immunodiagnosis in arthritis-encephalitis
Authors: Petrova Olga , Usevich Vera , Baranova Anna , Pechura Elena , Turemsky Semyon
Published: May 2024

Currently, serological tests are used in the diagnosis of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE), but a more accurate diagnosis of the disease requires the most reliable modern methods of immunodiagnosis. This is important for timely diagnosis and prevention of this disease, especially in commercial production of goat milk. At the present stage, the practice of infectious diseases immunodiagnosis in animals includes the determination of cytokines 6 and 10. The discovered cytokines allow for a different view on the infectious disease pathogenesis, while the previously used diagnostic methods are not excluded from the veterinary practice. At present, during the restoration and renewal of the goat population, new breeds purchased in foreign countries have appeared, and with them have come new diseases not previously prevalent in the Russian Federation. Therefore, practicing veterinarians need to develop the most effective immunodiagnostic tests for these diseases and work out effective control and prevention methods, as well as to be able to assess the risks of new infections or mixt infections. Immunophenotyping is performed in various infectious animal diseases, and immunological monitoring is also possible.
Caprine arthritis-encephalitis in the Sverdlovsk region and the diagnostics importance
Authors: Petrova Olga , Barashkin Mikhail , Baranova Anna , Pechura Elena , Turemsky Semyon
Published: May 2024

Goat breeding products (especially dairy products) are of great importance in human dietetic nutrition. In this connection the studies into infectious diseases and maintaining of well-being in terms of especially dangerous and social infections of animals on the territory of Russia are essential. Epizootological monitoring of caprine arthritis-encephalitis in the Russian Federation has shown that the central regions, including the Urals region, are unfavourable for this disease. Diagnostic tests for caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) are understudied, and there are insufficient data on treatment and prevention, for this reason, the topic of CAE studies is highly relevant and of key importance for clarifying the identification of the causative agent and blood changes in biochemical and haematological tests, when clinical signs of infection are present.
Dangerous bacterial infections of farm animals in Russia and the Tyumen region
Authors: Dyakonova Alyona , Siben Anna
Published: May 2024

In the 21st century, there is a clear trend of growth in quantitative and qualitative indicators of Russian animal husbandry. The Tyumen region is distinguished by the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. In conditions of intensive development of animal husbandry in Russia and the Tyumen region, it is of particular importance to preserve the health of livestock at enterprises and in private subsidiary farms. The article examines particularly dangerous bacterial infectious diseases of farm animals. Such diseases include anthrax, tuberculosis, brucellosis and leptospirosis. The main epidemic characteristics in dynamics over the past five years, including the incidence of animals and the spread of infections in Russia and the Tyumen region, have been analyzed, peaks in morbidity and main trends have been identified. Brief characteristics of diseases are presented, the main preventive measures and measures provided for by legislation are analyzed.
The reproductive system of breast organs in cows and evaluation the function using a mineral adaptogen
Authors: Usevich Vera M. , Drozd Mary N. , Rusinov Alexandr N.
Published: May 2024

Infertility problems still remain an urgent task of practical veterinary medicine. There are many drugs known to have an effect on the organs of the reproductive system, but the search for universal remedies is a priority. The effectiveness of drugs that prevent infertility can be assessed by reducing infertility days and reducing the cost of purchasing sperm products. Restoration, enhancement and prolongation of lactation also ensures the effectiveness of dairy cattle breeding. Therefore, the search for effective means of prevention and treatment is the purpose of this study. The article describes the results of research on the effect of mineral adaptogen on the function of the reproductive system and breast organs in cows. The article presents the results of changes in hematological and biochemical blood tests in cows receiving adaptogen during the dry period and the state of the reproductive system, breast and milk productivity, against the background of taking adaptogen. As a result of the conducted research, a decrease in the incidence of reproductive organs and udders was noted. Reduction of complications in childbirth and the postpartum period. A decrease in the incidence of neonatal pathology in newborn calves was noted. In addition, an increase in dairy productivity.
Optimal tomato irrigation regime for single-use mechanized harvesting in the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors: Batyrov V.A. , Okonov M.M. , Ubushaeva S.V. , Beketskaya L.N. , Kukaeva N.V.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal time for stopping watering tomatoes during one-time mechanized harvesting, for obtaining the maximum yield with high fruit quality in the natural and climatic conditions of the Republic of Kalmykia. The scheme of the field experiment included options for stopping watering when 10, 30, 50% of ripe fruits were reached. The irrigation regime, in relation to single-use mechanized harvesting, was studied when growing tomatoes in the open ground by the seedling method with a drip irrigation. Soil moisture, in the period from full plant survival to maturation of 10% of tomato fruits, was maintained in the range of 80-85% FC in all variants of the experiment. The object of research was a zoned variety of tomato Moryana. The cessation of watering by the time of maturation of 10% of fruits on tomato plantings did not significantly affect the total yield of the crop, while the number of whole commercial tomato fruits amounted to 83.3% versus 81.8% with the cessation of watering at 50% of mature fruits, the proportion of fruits with pedicels decreased from 2.2% to 1.7%, crushed – from 3.6% to 3.2%, with fresh cracks – from 3.0% to 2.7% and fruits with damaged skin from 9.6% to 8.9%, the content of dry substances, the amount of sugars and ascorbic acid increased in the fruits, no negative effect on the growth and development of tomato plants was noted.
The effect of activated water on the photosynthetic processes of plants
Authors: Grishin Alexander , Grishin Andrey , Grishin Vladimir , Knyazeva Inna
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the research of the effect of nutrient solutions prepared on the basis of activated water: anolyte and catholyte on glucose synthesis during photosynthesis using the example of seedlings of vegetable crops: Japanese cabbage of the Mizuna variety, peas of the vegetable variety “Zima”, cucumber of the variety “Vsyo putyom”. The research was carried out to determine the mechanism of activated water influence on photosynthesis. As a result, the proposed working hypothesis on the effectiveness of the activated water influence on photosynthetic processes was confirmed. It has been shown that glucose synthesis is closely related to the reduction of absorbed CO2 by NADPH+ and ATP during photophosphorylation, and then their direct participation in this synthesis. It has been established that the increased concentration of hydrogen protons formed during the photolysis of activated water is the reason for the effectiveness of glucose synthesis, and, consequently, productivity. It has been shown that positively charged hydrogen ions H+ involved in photophosphorylation, forming NADPH+, which together with H+ is involved in glucose synthesis, during photolysis of water during photosynthesis have a concentration of ions 3.13·105 times higher in anolyte (534.67·10-4 M/l) than in inactive water (170.67·10-9 M/l), which provides, in comparison with the control, an increase in glucose synthesis by 26.7% for Japanese cabbage of the Mizuna variety; by 39.7% for peas of the vegetable variety “Zima” and by 33.3% for cucumber of the variety “Vsyo Putyom”. At the same time, for plants of vegetable peas “Zima”, an increase in the intensity of growth in the anolyte was noted in comparison with the control by 12.5%.
Evaluation of promising lines of spring barley in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals
Authors: Ivanova Yulia , Fomina Maria , Bragina Maria , Pai Olga
Published: May 2024

This article presents data on the results of a long-term study of promising lines of spring barley in the Tyumen region. The experiment was conducted in 2019-2022 at the experimental field of SRIA (Russia) using generally accepted methods of analysis and standard techniques. 56 samples were evaluated, including 36 of them evaluated by two precursors (peas and spring grains). The analysis of the data showed a decrease in yield according to the predecessor – cereals, without fertilizers by 14.8%. The growing conditions significantly influenced the grain nature, hoodness, protein and fat content (the share of influence was 85.8, 60.9, 55.5 and 72.7%, respectively). The weight of 1000 grains largely depended on varietal characteristics (the share of influence was 63.1%). The formation of starch was significantly influenced by the interaction of genotype and environment (the share of influence was 71.6%, respectively). As a result of the breeding material evaluation, 17 promising samples of spring barley, including four huskless ones, were identified.