bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lying To Our Children
Authors: Millum Joseph
Published: May 2024

Most parents lie to their children. They do it for fun, as a method of behaviour control, and to protect children from what they consider to be dangerous truths. At the same time, most parents bring their children up with the message that honesty is a virtue and that lying is usually wrong. How should our practice and our preaching be reconciled? In this paper, I examine the ethics of parental lies. Most philosophers who have written on the ethics of deception have focused on deception of and by autonomous adults. I therefore begin by surveying this literature. Contemporary philosophers have given three types of reason to explain what makes lying wrong (when it is wrong): negative consequences, breaches of trust, and interference with autonomy. I briefly analyze what constitutes a breach of trust and identify four factors that affect how bad a breach is. I then explicate how lying can constitute a wrongful interference with autonomy. A long-running debate concerns whether lying is ethically different than other forms of deception. I argue—briefly—that we do not need to resolve this debate in order to evaluate parental deception. Armed with a framework for what makes lying to autonomous adults wrongful, I turn to the special case of parental lying. Since the parent-child relationship is typically very close, lying to one’s child is a relatively serious breach of trust. This is exacerbated in the case of serious lies that implicate the parent-child relationship or the child’s identity. On the other hand, at least for young children, concerns about autonomy are less significant than for autonomous adults. I close by applying my analysis, along with data on the consequences of parental deception, to different types of parental lie. I argue that lying to one’s child is more rarely justified than is commonly thought, and delineate the circumstances in which it can be justified.
Le scénario pédagogique intégrant l’approche interculturelle à l’ère du numérique : pour une dynamique de la compréhension du texte littéraire au collège
Authors: Boudiaf Karima , Seddari Bounouar
Published: May 2024

Le système éducatif algérien connait ces derniers temps, une impérative concrétisation de la transition numérique, en adéquation avec le développement technologique. L’enseignement des langues étrangères a bénéficié de plusieurs recommandations en vue d’adapter les situations d’apprentissage avec cette évolution, et favoriser une communication interculturelle authentique. Vue l’importance de la prise en compte de la dimension interculturelle en classe du FLE, notre recherche s’intéresse à l’intégration de celle-ci à travers la scénarisation pédagogique et numérique, dans le but de développer la compréhension de l’écrit du texte littéraire. Nous nous intéressons à travers une étude descriptive analytique, reposant sur l’observation participante et une expérimentation menée auprès des apprenants de 2AM, à vérifier l’apport de cette intégration, dans des situations d’apprentissage authentiques.
Le climat affectif dans le dispositif de Milgram
Authors: Boissard Élodie
Published: May 2024

L’action du participant moyen au dispositif expérimental de Milgram (1963), celle de continuer d’administrer des électrochocs à l’apprenti, est une conduite d’obéissance qui peut paraître incompréhensible, compte tenu des raisons morales qui commandent au contraire de désobéir. Parmi les facteurs explicatifs de cette conduite, Milgram évoque « le climat d’autorité ». Je propose de suivre cette piste. Un climat affectif, une humeur, mobilise et pousse à se manifester un réseau spécifique de croyances et de désirs. La formation des croyances s’opère via celle de jugements conscients ou non, favorisés par ce climat affectif. Ces croyances jouent en retour un rôle causal à l’égard des actions (de la conduite), conjointement avec les désirs également générés par le climat affectif. Les croyances jouent aussi un rôle causal à l’égard des états mentaux occurrents renforçant les émotions et jugements congruents au climat affectif. La conduite d’obéissance suit dès lors certaines raisons provenant des croyances mobilisées et poussées à se manifester par le « climat d’autorité ». Le changement de conduite qu’est la décision de désobéir peut s’expliquer par un changement de climat affectif, suite à la formation de nouvelles croyances : de telles croyances, par exemple morales, sont formées face à de nouveaux éléments de contexte comme l’expression de la douleur de l’apprenti. D’un climat initial d’obéissance complète, de « soumission à l’autorité », on passe à un climat tendu engendré par la formation de croyances s’opposant les unes aux autres. Ce nouveau climat affectif favorise les croyances morales qui finissent par déboucher sur la désobéissance. Le but de cet article est de rendre plus intelligible la dynamique de la conduite d’obéissance et de désobéissance dans ce protocole expérimental et peut-être dans les institutions qu’il mime, en suivant la piste explicative du climat affectif, suggérée par Milgram.
How Can People Commit Atrocities When They Follow Orders?
Authors: Caspar Emilie A.
Published: May 2024

The human capacity to obey orders, even leading to atrocities, no longer requires proving. As Howard Zinn famously pointed out, “historically, the most terrible things—war, genocide, and slavery—have resulted not from disobedience, but from obedience” (Zinn, 1997). However, the question of “how” people can commit atrocities when they follow orders remains open. Milgram’s studies famously revealed a strong compliance with the orders of the experimenter but such studies only revealed the situational and social factors supporting obedience. They did not enable us to understand how so many people accepted to administer painful and potentially deadly shocks to another person. In the present article, I will contrast qualitative interviews conducted with former perpetrators of genocide in Rwanda and experimental research in neuroscience to attempt to provide a partial answer to this critical question. I will argue that transcending the boundaries of different scientific disciplines is key to a better understanding of how obedience alters prosociality. I will also defend the provocative idea that researchers should take the opportunity to leave their laboratories to study the issue of obedience.
Système ou contrôle ? Milgram face à ses limites : le rôle de la cybernétique dans l’analyse de l’obéissance à l’autorité
Authors: Saurin Irlande
Published: May 2024

Dans la controverse portant sur la valeur et la signification de l’expérimentation de Milgram sur l’obéissance à l’autorité, nous nous proposons d’analyser le rôle que joue la référence à la cybernétique introduite par Milgram dans l’ouvrage de 1974. Cette référence s’insère dans la série d’analyses théoriques que Milgram propose au cœur de l’ouvrage Obedience to Authority : An experimental view, et constitue le soubassement central de la formulation du concept d’« état agentique ». Or, en tant que telle, elle a peu fait l’objet d’analyses dans le cadre des études sur Milgram. Elle assume néanmoins une fonction centrale à plusieurs titres. D’une part, elle procure à Milgram un cadre théorique stabilisé et généralisant qui lui permet d’intégrer, au sein d’une interprétation unifiée et apparemment cohérente, des éléments qui autrement auraient pu paraître dissonants avec l’explication qu’il propose. D’autre part, l’usage qu’il en fait lui permet de renforcer son paradigme de l’obéissance comme tendance générale de la conduite humaine en société. En effet, l’exposition que Milgram propose du paradigme cybernétique n’est pas neutre, dans la mesure où Milgram opte pour un paradigme cybernétique qui promeut le caractère vertical et hiérarchique du système social ou du groupe social « normal », alors même que le champ cybernétique aurait autorisé d’autres modèles d’organisation, et notamment des modèles horizontaux. Il y a donc non seulement usage d’un modèle théorique conférant à son travail une certaine unité théorique, mais un usage particulier de ce modèle, dont nous voudrions souligner les limites. Nous procédons en deux temps. D’une part, nous analysons la manière dont les présentations successives données par Milgram de son expérimentation le conduisent à une radicalisation et une unification du paradigme de l’obéissance à l’autorité, en latéralisant des éléments explicatifs pourtant vus par Milgram. D’autre part, nous montrons en quoi la référence à la cybernétique autorise cette radicalisation et confère une assise théorique à son travail, tout en en soulignant les limites.
Formigny-la-Bataille et la question de la néolithisation du Bessin (Normandie, Calvados)
Authors: Charraud François , Coupard François , Fromont Nicolas , Germain-Vallée Cécile , Ghesquière Emmanuel , Giazzon David , Giazzon Sébastien , Juhel Laurent , Lepaumier Hubert , Manceau Lorraine , Marcigny Cyril , Seignac Hélène
Published: May 2024

La fouille de Formigny-la-Bataille, conduite en 2021 et 2022 par une équipe de l’Inrap, a mis en évidence une occupation de la fin du Néolithique ancien (culture de Blicquy/Villeneuve-Saint-Germain) au cœur du Bessin. Ce territoire au riche patrimoine a livré, notamment grâce à l’archéologie préventive depuis trois décennies, un nombre important d’occupations archéologiques qui concernent toutes les périodes, de la Préhistoire ancienne à l’actuel. Cependant, les découvertes attribuées au Néolithique ancien y sont très rares et contrastent fortement avec la densité des sites documentés dans le reste des plaines jurassiques de Normandie. L’occupation de Formigny-la-Bataille revêt donc un caractère d’importance particulière, dans une zone aux confins du Bassin parisien très mal documentée pour cette période. En dépit de vestiges architecturaux très arasés, qui ne permettent qu’une restitution très hypothétique de l’emplacement de deux bâtiments, le site présente plusieurs fosses au mobilier archéologique diversifié (céramique, silex, parures) qui vient enrichir le corpus des données régionales. Cette publication est également l’occasion d’un inventaire exhaustif de la documentation sur le Bessin au Néolithique ancien, qui permet de s’interroger, en guise de synthèse, sur les raisons d’une apparente désaffection des premiers paysans de Normandie pour ce territoire pourtant riche de ressources multiples.
A CONSOLIDAÇÃO DA ICNOLOGIA ENQUANTO CIÊNCIA: HISTÓRIA, CONCEITOS E MÉTODOS
Authors: Sedorko Daniel , Netto Renata Guimarães
Published: May 2024

The consolidation of Ichnology as a science: history, concepts, and methods. Ichnology, a science bridging Geology and Biology, has undergone different phases since the initial studies on biogenic structures until its scientific consolidation. The approach to Ichnology as a science in this text raises questions about how to demarcate what is considered scientific, while also illustrating how Ichnology is characterized in this field. Thus, it begins with the initial ideas about biogenic structures and the interpretation that these structures had an algal origin, marking the “ Age of Fucoids,” which positioned Ichnology as a branch of Paleontology. With the evolution of knowledge, these interpretations were re-evaluated, and trace fossils were recognized as products of biological activity. Therefore, the current review article aims to analyze the evolution of Ichnology and the establishment of its current paradigms as an independent science. This text also aims to disseminate Ichnology, its main concepts, and methods of study. The discussion of concepts here is intended to provide the tools for ichnological analysis, especially for students entering this field of knowledge. Keywords: Ichnology, epistemology, demarcation of science, ichnofabric.
Rehabilitative Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions of Appearance-Based Professionalism
Authors: Miller Sydnee , Neil Elizabeth R. , Moffit Dani M. , Burns Scott , Mansell Jamie L.
Published: May 2024

Context

Professionalism has been discussed and defined in a variety of ways, including attire and other forms of self-expression.

Objectives

To determine athletic trainer (AT), physical therapist (PT), and athletic training or PT students’ perceptions of appearance-based professionalism in the workplace and, secondly, to ascertain how perceptions differed across professions.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Web-based survey.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic trainers, PTs, and athletic training and PT students who were predominantly White, non-Hispanic, female, aged 30 ± 9 years, and recruited via listservs and social media.

Data Collection and Analysis

The independent variables were participant demographics. The dependent variables were self-reported perceptions of professionalism for each photo. The survey consisted of 3 sections: demographics, 8 photos of ATs or PTs with depictions of patient-provider interactions, and open-ended responses. For each photo, participants selected yes, no, or unsure regarding the photo. An open-ended response was prompted with a no or unsure selection. The participant further described the reason for that choice.

Results

Most participants determined the health care provider depicted in 7 photos appeared professional. Only 1 photo was deemed unprofessional by the professional majority. Significant differences existed between students and professionals for 5 photos. The proportion of participants who reported the photos were unprofessional differed among professions for 2 photos. From our qualitative analysis, we found 6 domains: (1) unprofessional attire and hair, (2) situation-dependent attire, (3) role confusion and health care employer or employee identification, (4) nonappearance related, (5) tattoo-related bias, and (6) rethinking after question is displayed.

Conclusion

What is considered appropriate and professional is not concrete. Differing concepts of professionalism generated biased judgments and criticisms.

Clinical Relevance

Our findings should lead providers to reexamine the definition of professionalism. The past should not dictate the future, and today’s social mores can help shape the definition as it should be considered in today’s settings.
Research on Algorithm Driven Intelligent Management and Control Technology for Future Power Grid
Authors: Jun Li  , Qi Fu  , Ruan Pei
Published: May 2024

An ever-more crucial architecture for both present and future electrical systems is a Power Grid (PG) that spans multiple areas comprising interlinked transmission lines, which may effectively reallocate energy resources on an extensive level. Preserving system equilibrium and increasing operating earnings are largely dependent on how the PG dispatches power using a variety of resources. The optimization techniques used to solve this dispatch issue today are not capable of making decisions or optimizing online; instead, they require doing the entire optimization computation at every dispatch instant. Herein, a novel Mutable Galaxy-based Search-tuned Flexible Deep Convolutional Neural Network (MGS-FDCNN) is presented as an online solution to targeted coordinated dispatch challenges in future PG. System optimization can be achieved using this strategy using only past operational data. First, a numerical model of the targeted coordination dispatch issue is created. Next, to solve the optimization challenges, we construct the MGS optimization approach. The effectiveness and accessibility of the suggested MGS-FDCNN approach are validated by the presentation of experimental data relying on the IEEE test bus network.
Is it a normal phenomenon for pediatric patients to have brain leptomeningeal contrast enhancement on 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging?
Authors: Ai Min , Zhang Hang-Hang , Guo Yi , Feng Jun-Bang
Published: May 2024

Determining whether sevoflurane sedation in children leads to “pseudo” prominent leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (pLMCE) on 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging will help reduce overdiagnosis by radiologists and clarify the pathophysiological changes of pLMCE.
On Chinese Hui-Muslim elementary vocabulary (3): funeral terminology [II]
Authors: Knüppel Michael
Published: May 2024

Following on from a previous contribution in this journal, the article gives three additional examples of lexis in the field of funeral terminology among Chinese Muslims (here from those collected from Chinese Muslims in the Malay Archipelago) as well as various considerations regarding the socio-linguistic environment.
Zwalczanie pożarów w dawnym Wrocławiu – spojrzenie na sposoby obrony według porządków ogniowych z lat 1602 i 1630
Authors: Ulicki Bogusław
Published: May 2024

This study is the first analysis of Wrocław’s fire regulations from 1602 and 1630. The origin of such acts can be derived from medieval city council regulations. One of the oldest dates back to March 19, 1324. Over time, the originally laconic sets of provisions evolved into multi-faceted fire protection regulations, which included issues concerning the organization of fire protection, fire alarms, fire tools, water supply and extinguishing methods. Both documents have a similar structure and content, as the one from 1630 is an amendment to the act of 1602. The main difference concerns the regulations related to the military defense of the city, which appeared for the last time in 1602. These documents were continued with amendments from 1751, 1760 and 1777, later replaced by regulations of state authorities.
Efekt mrożący
Authors: Brzozowski Wojciech
Published: May 2024

The chilling effect is a real threat to freedom of expression and unfettered public debate. It occurs when, as a result of the conduct of public authorities, an individual decides to refrain from freely exercising his or her rights, even though they have not been formally restricted or taken away. This self-restraint is caused by fear of the negative consequences of freely exercising one’s rights, which leads the individual to calculate whether the action in question, although formally lawful, is cost-effective. Such a fear should be real and therefore at least substantiated by objective factors. The account is less obvious if the renunciation of the exercise of rights is based on a threat that is unreal or vague.
In legal discourse, the chilling effect is also identified, not necessarily correctly, in different contexts. First, it is sometimes recognised in cases of pressure by political authorities on independent judges. Second, it is claimed in relations between non-state actors, especially between government-sponsored private agencies that launch smear campaigns against political opponents, or between internet platforms and their users. Such use of the chilling effect doctrine may be intellectually appealing, but ultimately dilutes its meaning.
It is much easier to identify a chilling effect when it is assumed to be the consequence of a flaw in the design of a legal provision than when it is alleged to result from acts of application of the law. In the latter case, the concept of chilling effect seems to serve two main purposes: the criticism of bad practices on the part of public actors, and the strengthening of the persuasiveness of judicial decisions that employ the concept. Its usefulness for legal analysis is therefore limited.
Waging a Just and Ethical War – Contemplating Saint Augustine, ‘Just War’ theory, Gaza, and other Philosophical Notions
Authors: Nicolaides Angelo
Published: May 2024

In this paper, the author presents a basic overview of a range of philosophical approaches to the notion of war from the early ancient Greek traditions relating to war, to the conservative tradition. The desktop research methodology employed combines a review of existing literature with a focus on analysis, synthesis, and ethical considerations. By utilizing a diverse range of sources and analytical techniques, it aims to contribute to a better understanding of a ‘just and ethical war’ and provides insights for further research. A range of philosophical ideas through the ages are briefly discussed followed by discussion on the Just War Theory. The role of abolitionists per se is not discussed since this work is then traversing St. Augustine’s philosophy and ethical stance apropos the waging of war which exemplifies the justice and peace aspect in restoring order out of chaos. He calls for an ethos of humanness to prevail when conducting war based on the intention to preserve harmonious co-existence between peoples. Augustine argues that waging any war should be avoided where this is
possible, however, a just war allows for the acquisition of virtue which then hopefully leads to justice. The morality of waging war is severely compromised once narcissistic vested immoral interests are the primary motivators for belligerence and no genuine peaceful resolution to conflict has been seriously sought as is seemingly the case in the current Gaza war and its prevailing atrocities. Predictably various philosophers have investigated the subject of ‘just war’ and over time have determined the criteria of jus ad bellum (justice toward war), jus in bello (justice in war), and also jus post bellum (justice after war). It is clear that it is imperative to operate off a strong ethical basis when opting for a state of war to exist and to strongly consider preserving the safety and security of non-belligerents at all costs.
Lived Experiences of Sexuality and Sexual Functioning in Males with SCI: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Lai Rachel , McKerchar Rory , Western Max J. , Flannigan Ryan , Krassioukov Andrei V. , Elliott Stacy , Nightingale Tom E.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent in males with spinal cord injury (SCI) and has been recognized to be a key recovery priority.

Objectives:

This cross-sectional, mixed-methods study aimed to investigate the major themes linked to sexual functioning in males with chronic (>1 year) SCI.

Methods:

Twenty male participants with SCI, aged 25 to 59 years, completed validated questionnaires exploring sexual function/satisfaction and health-related quality of life and a semi-structured interview with an experienced sexual medicine physician. Sex hormone concentrations and metabolic biomarkers, along with body composition and habitual physical activity levels, were assessed. Interview recordings were transcribed and thematic analysis performed using combined COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior) and biopsychosocial models to identify and organize major contributors and barriers to sexual functioning.

Results:

Metabolic and hormonal biomarkers largely fell within normal physiological ranges despite reduced sexual functioning reported in our cohort (19/20 participants reported some degree of erectile dysfunction). Qualitative analysis of interview transcripts revealed 24 themes. Adaptability was important for improving sexual satisfaction. Attraction and attentiveness to sex and partners remained stable over time, while the desire for intimacy increased post injury. Sexual social norms, and comparisons to the able-bodied population, provided challenges for sexual activity and partnership. Environmental concerns regarding access to sexual health resources and accessible physical spaces during intimacy were relevant. Mood disorders and general life stressors negatively impacted sexual desire, while physical activity encouraged sexual activity.

Conclusion:

By considering a holistic view of sexuality in males with SCI, we identified key contributors and barriers to sexual functioning for the cohort studied.
Uloga banaka u privrednom razvoju Bosne i Hercegovine za vrijeme austro-ugarske uprave 1878-1918 / The Role of Banks in the Economic Development of Bosnia and Herzegovina During the Austro-Hungarian Administration (1878-1918)
Authors: Nametak Muhamed
Published: May 2024

This paper attempts to use several examples in order to reconstruct the role of banks in the development of industry during the Austro-Hungarian administration. The timeframe of four decades overlaps with the fact that industry began to develop intensively in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time. The aim of this paper is to analyze how and in which branches of industry banks left the biggest trace. On the basis of literature and archival sources, the author concludes that the banks gave the biggest contribution to those branches of the industry which were based on domestic natural resources.
Assessing the feasibility of backward design approach in Mauritian Public Universities
Authors: N. K. Betchoo
Published: May 2024

The backward design approach is a new course development technique being implemented in Mauritius among public Mauritian universities. The main objective is to ensure effective blended learning to Mauritian students based on Moodle learning platform. Backward learning enabled the setting of course aims aligned with students‘ needs and then working back to developing learning outcomes created from Open Educational Resources (OERs). The training was provided to forty staff from the four public Mauritian universities. For the research evaluation, the qualitative method was used through feedback responses from all 40 participants in the training. The key results found were that the backward design concept was well grasped by the participants during the training including its benefits for teaching. Immersive learning was a fundamental attribute of such a technique. The training considerations like empowerment and engagement were prioritised. Participants also addressed challenges namely design, application and time linked with this teaching and learning approach. In a nutshell, backward design could be envisaged in Mauritius with regards to new programmes of study having more practical than academic weighting. It might be applied to project-based assessments and innovative courses which might lack proper learning materials but might depend on OERs.
Profitability Dynamics of Food Companies Amidst COVID-19 Challenges: Evidence From Serbia
Authors: Ilić Teodora , Vuković Bojana , Jakšić Dejan , Tica Nedeljko
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the profitability of food companies in Serbia. Lockdown measures, production, and supply chain disruptions, shifts in consumer behavior, and increased operational costs significantly impacted the food industry. The research was conducted on financial data from 1661 companies operating from 2018 to 2022. The assessment of the panel data model confirmed the presence of a negative and statistically significant effect of the Covid-19 epidemic on profitability as measured by return on total assets (ROA).
Assessing Collaborative Climate in Organizations
Authors: Petrov Viktorija , Drašković Zoran , Ćelić Đorđe
Published: May 2024

Knowledge and knowledge worker are the most important resources in the knowledge economy. Collaborative climate, defined as a “permeability” of human infrastructure for knowledge exchange, is a specific aspect of organizational culture. The Collaborative Climate Assessment instrument developed by Sveiby and Simons (2002) identifies and measures collaborative climate. In this paper validity and reliability of the Instrument were tested. The research was conducted on a sample of 283 respondents in Serbia.
Video Game Industry: A Marketing Perspective
Authors: Jukić Dinko
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The study discusses the importance of branding and the video game industry. Emphasis is placed on brand analysis. The phenomenon of the happiness industry and the video game industry are discussed. Methodology/approach: The research is based on relevant theories of brand management. The study starts from the construct of brand identity according to Kapferer and brand image according to Keller. The context of happiness and the entertainment industry is analysed according to Davies. Results: The paper researches and analyses distinct brands in video games. Video game branding is analysed from the aspect of marketing communication. Brand categories in video games are suggested. Also, the economic impact of the games was analysed. Conclusion: The video game industry is a large market that has overtaken the music and film industries in terms of revenue. Video games should be viewed in a wider social context as a generator of new jobs, creation of new value, but also as a cultural phenomenon. Branding in the video game industry is important for two reasons: creating greater visibility and consolidating an existing position in the market. In other words, we see the brand in video games as an evolutionary process of digital marketing, but also as a digital imprint of an existing brand. Limitations/future research:  This study is theoretical and starts from a qualitative methodology, i.e. thematic literature analysis. Further empirical research can be conducted on different game types, consumer type and by gaming platform to identify the existing market.
Generation Z Attitudes Towards Organic Food: A Review
Authors: Džever Sanja , Maric Drazen , Lekovic Ksenija , Kostic Dunja
Published: May 2024

The global food market is continuously undergoing rapid and complex changes, creating a dynamic environment that demands constant adjustments and responses. Thus, the food industry has been increasingly popular nowadays as a research topic. Furthermore, academic researchers are notably interested in analyzing greater demand for organic food, particularly in developed countries. Despite the barriers that consumers encounter in the market, a growing percentage of them are currently shifting to organic purchases. Consequently, most of the research studies aim to understand consumer behavior since it is crucial for businesses and policymakers seeking to promote sustainable food systems. Consumer choices concerning food have a significant impact on the environment, as they are drivers of agricultural production. Despite the fact that Generation Z consumers will be the head of their households in the near future, little is known about their behavior. Therefore, the subject of this paper is organic food, with a special emphasis on Generation Z attitudes. The research gap is particularly concerning given that Generation Z is likely to embrace a lot of new trends on the market. Thus, this paper aims to define recommendations for further research on the topic in order to minimize the noticed research gap. Through a systematic literature review, the paper examines a total of five empirical studies published in the last four years.
Significance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in Marketing
Authors: Krstić Zvjezdana , Maksimović Mirjana
Published: May 2024

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is increasingly crucial due to its extremely important role in modern marketing, as it advances predictive analytics of consumer behavior and analysis of the purchase decision-making process. This paper examines the importance of XAI in marketing, emphasizing its role in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of marketing strategies. By examining the evolution of AI in marketing and the challenges posed by opaque algorithms, this study highlights the transformative potential of XAI in bridging the gap between marketers and consumers. In addition, ethical issues related to the application of XAI are discussed, emphasizing the imperative of conscientious application in order to maintain privacy and consumer trust. Furthermore, possible directions for the use of XAI are explored, with the aim of driving marketing practices in a data-dominated era. This paper highlights the key role of XAI in shaping future trends in marketing research and its implications for businesses operating in a dynamic market environment.
Analysis of Users’ Attitudes Towards the Use of Mobile Technologies in Republic of Serbia
Authors: Vidosavljević Julija , Marinković Veljko
Published: May 2024

The increasing use of mobile devices and wireless internet connections has led to their utilization, not only for communication purposes, but also for various other activities, such as mobile commerce (m-commerce). Contemporary trends have enabled m-commerce to become a business model with the potential to transform entire industries. Alongside technological advancements, there is an evolution of models explaining consumer behavior in the domain of technology acceptance. The original TAM model and its extensions, although providing useful insights, do not encompass all relevant determinants, prompting practitioners to increasingly turn to more contemporary models in order to understand the acceptance and usage of mobile technologies in today's digital environment. UTAUT2 model is considered an improved version of the original UTAUT model, making it one of the most used models. Considering the above-mentioned, the research aims to measure users' attitudes towards various aspects of mobile commerce usage. In this context, consumers' attitudes towards performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, price value, hedonic motivation, and habit in using m-commerce will be examined. Additionally, the aim of the study is to analyze the attitudes of different consumer segments, based on two criteria - gender and age. The sample consists of 210 respondents. The research was conducted in the territory of Central Serbia, from April to May 2023. Descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, and t-test for two independent samples were applied in the research. The research findings can be useful to mobile commerce service providers in adjusting loyalty programs to different segments, providing added value, and shaping the overall user experience that appeals to various consumer segments. Given that previous research, especially in domestic literature, has been based on some of the previously established models such as TAM or UTAUT, the originality of this study lies in the use of the contemporary UTAUT2 model. Additionally, the originality is contributed by the comparative analysis of different segments of m-commerce service users.
Esg Reporting in Crisis Circumstances: Readiness and obstacles of accountants in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Authors: Grujić Miloš , Vojinović Željko
Published: May 2024

Global crises like pandemics and geopolitical turbulence have underscored the importance of responsible business practices and corporate transparency. In light of these circumstances, ESG reporting, which measures and expresses a company's concern for the environment, society, and transparent management, has become increasingly crucial. However, in challenging environments with limited resources, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), adopting ESG reporting can present significant barriers to the accounting profession. Therefore, this paper aims to examine accountants' readiness in BiH to adopt ESG reporting under such circumstances. To achieve this goal, we surveyed a representative sample of 290 accountants from across BiH. The survey used a Likert scale to assess accountants' knowledge of ESG standards, their willingness to adopt different reporting methods, and their expectations regarding the impact of ESG reporting on their work, responsibilities, long-term career prospects, and professional development. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, ANOVA tests and t-tests in Excel and SPSS programs. Our study provides valuable insights into the readiness of accountants for ESG reporting, the measures necessary to support its implementation, and the impact of ESG on the development of the accounting profession in BiH. The study also discusses the role accountants can play in encouraging ESG reporting and answers questions about ESG standards' challenges and how accountants can prepare for their adoption. Our results demonstrate that the majority of accountants in BiH support ESG reporting, but they lack the necessary knowledge, tools, and resources to properly implement the new requirements. Hence, we strongly recommend taking measures to improve the preparation of accountants for ESG reporting.
Measuring the Impact of Geopolitical Risk on Capital Market in Selected Developed Countries
Authors: Inđić Milica , Mirović Vera , Kalaš Branimir , Pjanić Miloš
Published: May 2024

Shocks that cause uncertainty also inevitably have an impact on financial markets, in addition to the typical range of economic and financial considerations. Previous research shows that recent events like the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in oil prices, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict have had an impact on the world financial market. The aim of the paper is to examine the impact of geopolitical risk on the capital markets of developed countries in the region of Asia and Oceania. The main research variables in the capital market are share trading and market capitalization. To measure the impact of geopolitical risk on capital market variables, in the period from 2005 to 2022, a panel regression analysis was applied. The observation period includes three major events that had a strong impact on the global capital markets, namely the global financial crisis, COVID-19, and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. According to the findings, stock trading is negatively impacted, while market capitalization is positively impacted by geopolitical risk. Both influences are not significant. When making financial decisions, information about how the capital markets respond to geopolitical events can be helpful, especially for investors.
Social media addiction, depression and life satisfaction in Turkish pharmacy students: A correlational study
Authors: Ulutas Deniz Elif , Eren Rumeysa
Published: May 2024

Background: Although research on pharmacy students remains limited, this study is the first of its kind in the field of pharmacy in Turkey and aims to investigate the impact of social media addiction on depression and life satisfaction among pharmacy students.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study of 597 students was conducted between September and October 2023 at the pharmacy faculty of a university in Turkey. Three instruments were used to collect the necessary data: the socio-demographic data form, Social Media Addiction Scale, Penate Basic Depression Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale. All of these were combined into a single questionnaire.
Results: A positive but weak yet significant correlation existed between pharmacy students' total Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) score and their total Basic Depression Scale (BDS) score. Conversely, a negative but weak yet significant relationship was observed between pharmacy students' total SMAS and Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS) total scores. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis,  social media addiction and life satisfaction were identified as predictors of depression.
Conclusion: In developing countries, such as Turkey, there is a lack of sufficient academic literature on this topic. Future research should not only monitor these relationships but also focus on prevention and treatment strategies.
Introduksi Fermentasi Jerami Padi untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Ternak Sapi di Kelurahan Naioni, Kota Kupang
Authors: Randu Melkianus Dedimus Same , Canadianti Monica , Yuliani Ni Sri , Anugrah Dedet S. R. , Tabun Arnold Christian , Wea Redempta , Tulle Defrys Ridolof
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT 
Rice straw fermentation is one of the feed technologies that can be utilized to reduce agricultural waste, improve feed quality, and increase the productivity of ruminants. Rice straw fermentation was introduced into the Community Science and Technology Implementation (PIM) program to optimize the utilization of agricultural waste for animal feed, mitigate pollution arising from burning, and enhance knowledge and technical expertise in feed processing. The implementation strategy involved a four-pronged approach: analyzing partner challenges, conducting counseling sessions and demonstration plots, providing ongoing mentorship, and implementing an evaluation and feedback loop. The PIM activities were implemented with the Ingat Aku farmer group in Naioni Village, Alak District, Kupang City. The results revealed positive changes in knowledge (3.57), attitude (4.79), and intention and behavior (4.57) of the farmer group members regarding the utilization of agricultural waste, specifically the production of fermented rice straw to support their existing paronisation activities. 
Keywords: Feed technology; Fermentation; Paronisation
 
ABSTRAK
Fermentasi jerami padi merupakan salah satu bentuk teknologi pakan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengurangi limbah pertanian, meningkatkan kualitas pakan, serta mempercepat peningkatan produktivitas ternak ruminansia. Fermentasi jerami padi yang diintroduksi dalam kegiatan Penerapan Iptek Masyarakat (PIM) bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian sebagai pakan ternak, meminimalkan polusi akibat pembakaran, serta meningkatkan pengetahuan maupun keterampilan teknis dalam pengolahan pakan. Metode pelaksanaan diterapkan melalui analisis situasi permasalahan mitra, penyuluhan dan demonstrasi plot (demplot), pendampingan, serta evaluasi dan umpan balik. Kegiatan PIM dilaksanakan pada kelompok peternak Ingat Aku di Kelurahan Naioni, Kecamatan Alak, Kota Kupang. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan perubahan terhadap aspek pengetahuan (3,57), sikap (4,79), serta niat dan perilaku (4,57) anggota kelompok peternak untuk memanfaatkan limbah pertanian khususnya hasil produksi fermentasi jerami padi dalam menunjang kegiatan paronisasi yang dilakukan saat ini.
Kata kunci: Fermentasi; Paronisasi; Teknologi pakan
Terrenos de Marinha Ocupados em Linha de Costa Estuarina no Litoral Norte do Paraná
Authors: Costa Leticia Nunes da , Paula Eduardo Vedor de , Paz Otacílio Lopes de Souza da
Published: May 2024

Os terrenos de marinha são bens da União gerenciados pela Secretaria de Patrimônio da União (SPU). Estes terrenos são localizados majoritariamente em regiões litorâneas e podem ser utilizados por particulares, quando não há destinação pública estabelecida. Nota-se que na porção norte do litoral paranaense a delimitação destes terrenos é quase inexistente, o que resulta em conflitos de gestão do território no Núcleo de Gestão Integrada (NGI) ICMBio Antonina-Guaraqueçaba, uma unidade organizacional federal que abrange diversas unidades de conservação em seu interior. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir com o processo de delimitação dos terrenos de marinha nas áreas ocupadas na linha de costa estuarina do NGI. Para tanto, realizou-se consultas à literatura disponível, entrevistas com representantes das instituições mais atuantes nesta temática (SPU e ICMBio) e o uso de ferramentas presentes em Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) para mapear as localidades ocupadas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que há 56 trechos ocupados ao longo do estuário, onde a população residente é composta por moradores tradicionais. Estes trechos possuem no máximo 2,9 km, ou seja, são trechos relativamente curtos, mostrando-se exequível a delimitação de terrenos de marinha.
Pluriatividades e plurirrendimentos nos estabelecimentos de agricultura familiar e não familiar: uma análise do Matopiba
Authors: Ferreira Luysa Rocha Guimarães , Guimarães Carla Regina Ferreira Freire , Cerqueira Cristiane Aparecida de
Published: May 2024

A modernização e a tecnologia impactaram a produção e a organização do trabalho de agricultores familiares e não familiares em áreas brasileiras, pois os estabelecimentos agropecuários passaram a executar atividades intersetoriais, agrícolas e/ou não agrícolas. Sendo assim, este trabalho analisou a pluriatividade e o plurirrendimento no Matopiba, região constituída por 337 municípios dos estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa documental, especificamente a partir de dados do Censo Agropecuário 2017, os quais foram analisados por meio do método estatístico-descritivo e comparativo, das receitas e rendas dos estabelecimentos agropecuários, segundo as categorias de agricultores familiares e não familiares. Os resultados apontaram que as receitas da produção do estabelecimento e as outras receitas do produtor constituem as principais fontes de renda, com destaque para as receitas de aposentadorias e pensões para os familiares. Considerando o valor das receitas ou rendas dos grupos de atividades produtivas, tem-se que a produção vegetal foi mais relevante para os agricultores não familiares, enquanto a produção animal teve maior participação na renda dos agricultores familiares. Portanto, no Matopiba a pluriatividade, ou seja, o engajamento em atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas, mostra-se evidente na composição da renda do agricultor, gerando plurirrendimentos.
Prevalencia de síntomas neuropsiquiátricos en adultos mayores institucionalizados diagnosticados con demencia
Authors: Ramírez López Rocio Michelle , Noj García Joseline Daniela
Published: May 2024

PROBLEMA: conocer la prevalencia de síntomas neuropsiquiátricos de los adultos mayores institucionalizados. OBJETIVO: determinar la prevalencia de los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos en los adultos mayores con demencia institucionalizados en un centro geriátrico. MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos predominantes en la población adulto mayor institucionalizada. RESULTADOS: el rango etario predominante en la población de estudio estuvo comprendido entre las edades de 65 años en adelante, se tomó la muestra de 25 adultos mayores, siendo 7 participantes masculinos (28%) y 18 femeninos (72%%). Analizando los resultados del parámetro de síntomas neuropsiquiátricos se encontró prevalencia de los siguientes síntomas neuropsiquiátricos: ansiedad, delirios y alucinaciones. CONCLUSIÓN: se encontró dentro del proceso estadístico similitudes en cuanto a dos síntomas neuropsiquiátricos en los diagnósticos de demencia los cuales son delirios y alucinaciones, los cuales fueron los predominantes dentro de los diferentes grupos.
Caracterización de factores determinantes que influyen en la agitación mental en adultos
Authors: Panseits Rojas Brenda Karina
Published: May 2024

PROBLEMA: la agitación mental se debe a la interacción de factores genéticos y epigenéticos que genera un desequilibrio neurofisiológico y neuropsicológico; aumentando la probabilidad de un declive en la calidad de vida en las etapas de la juventud y adultez. OBJETIVO: caracterizar los factores determinantes de la agitación mental en adultos. MÉTODO: la investigación se desarrolló aplicando una metodología cuantitativa a una población de 80 personas RESULTADOS: los factores determinantes en la agitación mental en el adulto se deben a una característica predominante y latente debido a la herencia genética; en la población de estudio el 50% indica tener un integrante de su familia que padece de diabetes y un 31% padece de hipertensión arterial. En cuanto a los desequilibrios químicos el 24% indica la presencia de un familiar con problemas de higiene y calidad del sueño. En el factor psicológico en la subvariable de trauma el 58% presenta angustia o miedo y en la subvariable cambios vitales el 50% ha presentado un evento traumático o estresante y un 49% ha tenido cambios laborales que afectan su estilo de vida. CONCLUSIÓN: la categorización de factores estresantes según la Escala de Ansiedad Manifiesta en Adultos en la subescala inquietud/hipersensibilidad el 36% la padece, en la subescala de ansiedad fisiológica un 50%, en la subescala de preocupaciones sociales/estrés el 40% se encuentra afectada.