bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Seeing You Have Not Withheld Your Son’: An Overlooked Motif in Genesis 22?
Authors: Morschauser Scott N.
Published: February 2021

In Late Bronze Age diplomatic correspondence, vassals attempt to demonstrate their loyalty by declaring they would carry out any command of the king even if it is self-destructive. A critical aspect of these exchanges is that the seemingly harmful order was never meant to be fulfilled. The exaggerated offer to undergo needless suffering was sufficient proof that the subaltern was an arad kitti, or ‘faithful servant’. This rhetorical dynamic, wherein the ‘deferential gesture’ is enough to satisfy a seemingly overwrought demand, has relevance for evaluating components of the divine decree in Genesis 22, that Abraham deliver up his son ‘as a burnt offering’, his willingness to carry out its dictates, and the heavenly overlord’s ultimately setting aside its execution. The author suggests that the biblical episode was a symbolic ritual enacted between the deity and patriarch, whose intent was to exalt Abraham as the arad kitti, par excellence, and to demonstrate that God was the most trustworthy of suzerains.
Evaluation of transverse dorsal lumbotomy in management of PUJ obstruction in patients younger than 6 months
Authors: Alhindi Saeed , Mubarak Mohamed , Alaradi Husain
Published: February 2021

Objective:

The transverse dorsal lumbotomy approach provides excellent exposure to the PUJ and causes minimal tissue damage. In this study, we assess the efficacy of dorsal lumbotomy in PUJ obstruction in children younger than 6 months.

Methods:

All children less than 6 months who were managed with the dorsal lumbotomy approach between 2009 and 2017 were reviewed prospectively. Data included: demographic data, pre/post-operative renal ultrasound scan with SFU grading and RDS, operative time, post-operative complications, and follow up results.

Results:

A total of 42 children with a mean age of 4.4 ± 1 months were included. On pre-operative RDS, all patients had an obstructive pattern and a SRF of 30.3 ± 9.3. The mean operative duration was 49 min and analgesia was minimal. Post-operative ultrasound at 6 months showed an improvement in hydronephrosis ( p < 0.05) and a mean SRF of 39.3 ± 6.1 ( p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Transverse dorsal lumbotomy approach is a safe and efficient alternative in patients less than 6 month.
Treatment Outcomes of Facial Rejuvenation With a Novel Hyaluronic Acid Filler in Asian Women
Authors: Lee Tae In , Shim Won Seok , Park Jung Heum , Choi Kyung Hi , Jeong Cheol , Kim Seung Soo , Kim Tae Seob , Song Yu Kwan
Published: February 2021

We conducted this study to assess the short-term treatment outcomes and safety of facial rejuvenation with the YVOIRE volume plus (LG Chem Ltd., Seoul) in Asian women. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we evaluated a total of 291 women (n = 291) who received a facial rejuvenation with the YVOIRE volume plus. We monitored time-dependent changes in the mean Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scores at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. In addition, we estimated the duration of efficacy based on the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed incidences of postoperative complications. Our clinical series of the patients achieved mean GAIS scores of 3.44 ± 0.69 points. There were no significant time-dependent changes in the mean GAIS scores ( P > .05). Moreover, the duration of efficacy was estimated at 242.71 ± 17.85 days (95% confidence interval: 228.59-263.44). A total of 37 cases (12.7%) of postoperative complications occurred, all of them were of mild severity. In conclusion, our surgical technique, combined with YVOIRE volume plus, is of significance in that it attempted to address both dynamic and static aspects of the facial rejuvenation. But this deserves further studies using 3-dimensional imaging modalities.
Learning from the flight of the geese: The life stories of two female principals who lead in vulnerable contexts
Authors: González Cristina Cruz , Rodríguez Carmen Lucena , Segovia Jesús Domingo
Published: February 2021

This study describes the life story of two female principals who carry out their work in particularly challenging schools in the Spanish educational context. This work is part of two larger international (ISSPP) and national research projects that aim to study the professional identity of school leaders. In this case, our objective was to analyse the construction of a leadership identity when faced with the challenges of working in a difficult school context, and to identify the main strategies adopted to achieve educational improvement in such adverse situations. The findings reveal that leading with others – and not over others – was key to achieving change. Our participating principals developed a style of leadership that is distributed and oriented towards values of social justice in an attempt to eradicate inequality and discrimination in their schools. Being a woman was also a determining factor in this professional performance. Learning from ‘the flight of the geese’ was the essence of these professional stories, facing challenges with professional values of empathy, active listening, companionship, and commitment. Finally, we discuss the implications of this work for future research and professional practice.
Becoming ‘brilliant’: Generationing education and development in rural Sierra Leone
Authors: Devine Dympna , Bolotta Giuseppe , Samonova Elena , Sugrue Ciaran , Sloan Seaneen , Symonds Jennifer , Capistrano Daniel
Published: February 2021

This paper explores the generationing of education and development in five villages in Northern Sierra Leone. Understood as ‘fields’ governed by power dynamics, we consider how the interactive ‘fields’ of generation, education and development coalesce, re/structuring adult and child ‘being’ and ‘doing’. We explore the tensions that arise between transformation and preservation in the field in light of wider social, cultural and economic change, and the negotiation of the generational contract in contexts of high risk and inter-dependency.
A novel approach of GEF and GA for the optimization of multi-objective wire EDM process during the machining of DC53 super alloy
Authors: Kumar Satish , Gupta Arun Kumar , Chandna Pankaj , Bhushan Gian , Kumar Anish
Published: February 2021

In components manufacturing, the Wire EDM is more popular due to its outstanding features of high dimensional accuracy, lower cost of production and good surface finish as there is no physical contact between the wire and work piece. However, for the steel with higher hardness, it is difficult to obtain these features up to the required extent. Moreover, with the help of optimum process parameters selection the WEDM performance characteristics should be improved. The most commonly studied responses for this process are material removal rate (MRR), Surface finish, Kerf width, wire consumption, roundness error. Among these, the responses like Kerf width, MRR and surface roughness are the primary responses. It is observed that pulse on time, pulse off time, servo voltage, peak current and wire feed are the influencing input parameters to these primary responses. Therefore, in the present work, the optimal level of input parameters is estimated for these responses using the Grey-Entropy-Fuzzy (GEF) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) during wire EDM of steel grade DC53 with high hardness of HRC58normally used in stamping dies, injection moulding and compression Moulding etc. To convert the multi objective problem into a single objective, the grey relational coefficient (GRC) has been calculated using Grey Relational Analysis and the weight-age of each response is approximated during the entropy method. To estimate the relation among the input parameters and single objective (GRC) fuzzy mathematical modelling technique termed as GEF has been applied. The optimal performance has been calculated using GA and GEF model is considered as fitness function. Five conformational tests on optimum parameter combination suggested by GA has been performed. The predicted values and experimental values have been found to be in good agreement with a standard error of 3.31% hence the prediction performance of the GREG-Fuzzy is quite satisfactory.
Double-sided GTAW of nuclear grade steel: Mechanical and microstructure perspectives
Authors: Kumar S Mohan , Shanmugam N Siva
Published: February 2021

This article investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical integrity of austenitic stainless steel SS321, a titanium stabilized nuclear grade mainly preferred for severe corrosive environments. The double-sided gas tungsten arc welding (DS-GTAW) technique was utilized to fabricate the butt joint having a plate thickness of 6 mm. A heat input of 1.4058 kJ/mm was used to obtain the maximum depth of penetration (DoP) of 3.3 mm with welding speed 120 mm/min and current 220A. Optical microscopy reveals the microstructure of weldment and base metal (SS321). The DS-GTA weldments were subjected to tensile, bend, impact and microhardness tests and the results are evaluated. The fusion zone consists of columnar, equiaxed dendrites, and intermetallic compounds of Titanium carbide (TiC). From EBSD examination the higher fraction of Low Angle Grain Boundaries is corroborated to the increase in tensile strength and reduction in impact toughness of the weldment. The ferrite measurement reveals the increase in ferrite content in the weldment (6.1 FN) and this attributed to the presence of retained δ-ferrite in comparison to SS321 (1.2 FN). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals austenite and ferrite peaks are present in the SS321 and weldment. Ductile mode of fracture (using SEM-Scanning electron microscope) was observed in the uni-axial tensile and impact test of weldment specimens.
Effect of SAW fluxes on electrochemical corrosion & microstructural behavior of API X70 weldments
Authors: Sharma Lochan , Chhibber Rahul , Bhandari Deepak
Published: February 2021

High-performance pipeline steels are frequently used for storage, transportation and energy development applications. Submerged arc welding finds its application to weld thick pipes. Design and development of appropriate welding fluxes provide good structural integrity properties in severe service environments. The present study aims to investigate the effect of laboratory-developed SAW fluxes on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of SAW weldments in different environments. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of weld specimens in different environments was performed using Linear Sweep Voltammetry. Different mediums such as seawater and sodium thiosulphate solution (10−2 Mol/l, pH = 3, and 10−3 Mol/l, pH = 5) were taken for the corrosion study. The microstructure of the weld specimen reveals the presence of acicular ferrite structure. F3RA and F19RA weld specimen shows a higher corrosion rate in seawater and sodium thiosulphate medium (pH = 3 or 5).
Estimating the marginal maintenance cost of different vehicle types on rail infrastructure
Authors: Smith Andrew SJ , Odolinski Kristofer , Hossein-Nia Saeed , Jönsson Per-Anders , Stichel Sebastian , Iwnicki Simon , Wheat Phill
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we combine engineering and economic methods to estimate the relative maintenance cost of different types of damage on the Swedish rail infrastructure. The engineering method is good at predicting damage from traffic, while the economic method is suitable for establishing a relationship between damage and cost. We exploit the best features of both methods in a two-stage approach and demonstrate its applicability for rail infrastructure charging, based on a sample of 143 track sections comprising about 11,000 km of track. The paper implements for the first time the method previously proposed in Smith et al., whilst also enhancing the method in several respects. We demonstrate how the estimated relative maintenance costs related to different damage mechanisms can be used to calculate the marginal cost of different vehicle types. The results are relevant for infrastructure managers in Europe who wish to differentiate their track access charges such that each vehicle pays its short run-marginal damage cost, which can support more efficient use of the rail infrastructure and influence vehicle design to minimize system costs.
Experimental assessment of the dynamic performance of slave control locomotive couplers in 20,000-tonne heavy-haul trains
Authors: Ge Xin , Ling Liang , Chen Zaigang , Zhang Jie , Wang Kaiyun , Zhai Wanming
Published: February 2021

Coupler jack-knifing and derailment of slave control locomotives in 20,000-tonne heavy-haul trains usually occur due to the combinations of large in-train forces with poor track conditions. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the dynamic performance of slave control locomotive couplers in 20,000-tonne heavy-haul trains. A field test method for measuring and monitoring the dynamic behavior of heavy-haul locomotive couplers is proposed. The on-track tests involved coupler forces, coupler yaw angles, and coupler dynamic motion monitoring of the test locomotive in the whole traveling process. The dynamic process of coupler jack-knifing is exhibited, and the distribution characteristics of the coupler forces and yaw angles are investigated. The test results indicate that the front and rear couplers of the slave locomotive group respectively suffer the largest draw (tensile) and buffing (compressive) forces, and the maximum yaw angle appears at the middle coupler between the slave locomotives. The maximum draw and buffing forces attain 1551 kN and 2067 kN, respectively. The maximum absolute yaw angle is about 13 degrees. During the cycle braking operation conditions, the intense buffing forces and the excessive coupler yaw angles are more likely to appear in the release process. The coupler instability generally occurs under train run in buffing forces. Moreover, the coupler status, the track conditions as well as the duration of buffing forces are also supposed to have an important effect on the coupler stability of slave control locomotives.
Experimental comparison of the spray atomization of heavy and light fuel oil at different temperatures and pressures for pressure-swirl injector
Authors: Rostami Elyas , Mahdavy Moghaddam Hossein
Published: February 2021

In this study, the atomization of heavy fuel oil (Mazut) and diesel fuel at different pressures is compared experimentally. Also, the effects of temperature on the Mazut fuel atomization are investigated experimentally. Mass flow rate, discharge coefficient, wavelength, liquid film thickness, ligament diameter, spray angle, breakup length, and sature mean diameter are obtained for the Mazut and diesel fuel. Fuels spray images at different pressures and temperatures are recorded using the shadowgraphy method and analyzed by the image processing technique. Error analysis is performed for the experiments, and the percentage of uncertainty for each parameter is reported. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical results. Also, Curves are proposed and plotted to predict changes in the behavior of atomization parameters. Diesel fuel has less viscosity than Mazut fuel. Diesel fuel has shorter breakup length, wavelength, liquid film thickness, and sature mean diameter than Mazut fuel at the same pressure. Diesel fuel has a larger spray angle and a larger discharge coefficient than Mazut fuel at the same pressure. As the pressure and temperature increase, fuel atomization improves. The viscosity of Mazut fuel is decreased by temperature increase. As the fuel injection pressure and temperature increase, breakup length, wavelength, liquid film thickness, and sature mean diameter decrease; also, spray angle increases.
A new correlation for estimating the gas turbine cost
Authors: Adolfo Dominique , Carcasci Carlo , Pacifici Beniamino
Published: February 2021

The recent changes in energy scenario with rising attention to decarbonization, introduction of new technology and renewable source have led to design power plant with the lowest values of cost of energy, investment payback period, CO2 emission, especially in cogeneration and combined cycle plants. The cost of a gas turbine, an industrial key intellectual property value, represents a large portion of total plant capital cost. In fact, the correlations used to determine this cost, represent an important part in the optimization of power plant studied. In this work, a new cost correlation has been determined using gas turbine data presents into GTW handbook. The overall correlation, dependently only on gas turbine output power, used in a lot of scientific studies is here actualized, calculating new split-power and new coefficients for Heavy Duty and Aeroderivative gas turbine. Therefore, a more complete and detailed correlation is developed, introducing additional parameters, such as thermodynamic efficiency, pressure ratio, exhaust temperature and exhaust mass flow rate, whose values are available on gas turbine datasheet. The new correlation here proposed reflects better real gas turbine configurations and costs.
Autonomous vehicle path tracking control considering the stability under lane change
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Zhou Bing , Wu Xiaojian
Published: February 2021

Considering that when a vehicle travels on a low friction coefficient road with high speed, the path tracking ability declines. To keep the performance of path tracking and improve the stabilization under that situation, this article presents approaches to estimate the parameters and control the vehicle. First, the key states of the vehicle and the road adhesion coefficient are estimated by the unscented Kalman filter. This is followed by applying the linear time-varying model-based predictive controller to achieve path tracking control, and the initial tire steering angle control rate is obtained. Finally, the steering angle compensation controller is simultaneously designed by a simple receding horizon corrector algorithm to improve vehicle stability when the path is tracked on a low-adhesion coefficient or at high speed. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by software CarSim and MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that an improvement in the performance of path tracking and stabilization can be achieved by the integrated controller under the variable road adhesion coefficient condition and high speed with 110 km/h.
The mutual ecogeographical range and paleoclimatic reconstruction during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene in the Pampas (Argentina) using meso and microvertebrate fossils
Authors: Cruz José Alberto , Prado José Luis , Arroyo-Cabrales Joaquín
Published: February 2021

The Pampas of Argentina is a large grassland ecosystem located in the oriental region southern of South America. As a study case, we present the results of the paleoclimatic analysis of the Tixi Cave site. This is a paleontological and archeological locality that shows a long chronologic sequence, with radiocarbon dates ranging from the Late Pleistocene to historical times, and one of the best records of meso and microvertebrate fossils in South America. Paleoclimatic reconstruction was assayed using the Mutual Ecogeographic Range method. Ecological niche models were made for each of the living representatives of the fossil taxa reported at the site. Potential distribution areas were superimposed to perform the paleoclimatic inference and to infer the annual average temperature and the annual average precipitation. During the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (12,287 ± 212–11,609 ± 218 ca BP) and in the Middle-Holocene (5592 ± 79 ca BP), colder and drier climates appear in comparison to the present climate, the remaining of the Holocene (3496 ± 81–160 ± 120 ca BP) shows warmer and humid climates as compared to today’s climate conditions. Our results are in agreement with the paleoenvironmental inferences obtained by other proxies, such as deposition, paleosols, phytoliths, diatoms, ostracods, and pollen for Late Pleistocene -Holocene of the region, showing that the abundance of small mammals can accurately record the climatic fluctuations of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene in the Pampas of Argentina.
N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 ameliorates myocardial remodeling and cardiac function in heart failure rats
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhao Qin , Mao Shuai
Published: February 2021

This study aims to explore the effect of NDRG2 (N-myc downstream regulated gene 2)-mediated Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/ Sma- and Mad-related protein (Smad) pathway in heart failure (HF) rats. HF rat models were established and treated with AdEGFP (adenovirus encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein) or AdNDRG2 (adenovirus encoding NDRG2). The echocardiography and hemodynamic parameters were detected, and the infarct size was calculated via 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Masson staining was performed to observe the collagen volume fraction (CVF), quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect the expression of Collagen I (Col-I) and Collagen III (Col-III), and Transferase (TdT)-mediated D-UTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining to evaluate the apoptosis. Rats in the Model group presented with the decreases in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shortening fraction (LVFS), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and maximal/minimum rate of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt max), and significant increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and CVF. At the meantime, the expression of Col-I and Col-III as well as the apoptotic rate of myocardial cells was also elevated with increased infarct size in the Model group. The Model rats also had the significant reduction in the expression of NDRG2 and up-regulations of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2). However, model rats treated with AdNDRG2 had evident amelioration in aforementioned indicators. In conclusion, NDRG2 reduces the apoptosis of myocardial cells and improves the heart function and myocardial remodeling in HF rats via inhibiting the activity of TGF-β1/Smad.
“I actually got my first job through my ex-colleague”: Employment-related information seeking behavior of Bangladeshi immigrants in Canada
Authors: Shuva Nafiz Zaman
Published: February 2021

This study explores the employment-related information seeking behaviour of Bangladeshi immigrants in Canada. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study conducted semi-structured interviews with 60 Bangladeshi immigrants in Ontario, Canada, and obtained 205 survey responses. The study highlights the centrality of employment-related settlement among Bangladeshi immigrants in Ontario and reports many immigrants not being able to utilize their education and skills after arrival in Canada. The results show that Bangladeshi immigrants utilize various information sources for their employment in Canada, including friends and professional colleagues, online searchers, and settlement agencies. Although Bangladeshi immigrants utilized a large array of information sources for meeting their employment-related information needs, many interview participants emphasized that the employment-related benefits they received was because of their access to friends and professional colleagues in Canada. The survey results echoed the interview findings. The cross-tabulation results on post-arrival information sources and occupation status as well as first job information sources and occupational status in Canada show a significant association among the use of the information source “friends and professional colleagues in Canada” and immigrants’ occupational status. The study highlights the benefits of professional colleagues among immigrants in employment-related settlement contexts. It also reports the challenges faced by many immigrant professionals related to employment-related settlement because of the lack of access to their professional friends and colleagues in Canada. The author urges the Federal Government of Canada, provincial governments, and settlement agencies working with newcomers to offer services that would connect highly skilled immigrants with their professional networks in Canada, in order to get proper guidance related to obtaining a professional job or alternative career. The author calls for further studies on employment-related information seeking by immigrants to better understand the role information plays in their settlement in a new country.
Introduction to Confucian Psychology: Background, Content, and an Agenda for the Future
Authors: Liu James H.
Published: February 2021

Psychology has a pervasive but shallow engagement with Confucian philosophy, mainly referencing its popular form as a part of Chinese tradition. This special issue takes a more systematic view of Confucianism as comprehensive philosophy. Drawing from New Confucianism, it is argued that the signal contribution of Confucianism to psychology as human (rather than natural) science is an ontology of the moral mind (heaven and humanity in union). This holistic ontology makes the cultivation of benevolence (仁) a lifelong mission for Confucianists. Practices of self-cultivation are exemplified by a case study of Zeng Guofan, a Qing Dynasty official and scholar, who combined academics, calligraphy, meditation, diary writing and self-reflection to refine his character, nurture and educate his family, and be of service to society. Second, Confucianism’s traditional lack of interest in epistemology is addressed through the complementary (dialectical) principle of ‘one principle, many manifestations’, where methods of Western science can be incorporated into the investigation of practices such as brush calligraphy that are shown to have beneficial effects on mental and physical health. Confucianism can also be treated as an object of scientific inquiry: We find that even among highly educated Chinese people, understanding of Confucianism today is mostly fragmented and abstract. Confucian Psychology can be summarised as a psychology of aspirations for bettering the condition of humanity through character development and greater awareness of the situation to realise the endowment of moral mind. Finally, there are deep connections between Confucian and Indian psychology—both involve height psychology, a psychology of aspirations and for spiritual transformation.
Calligraphy, Psychology and the Confucian Literati Personality
Authors: Kao Henry S. R. , Xu Min , Kao Tin Tin
Published: February 2021

Our research in the past 40 years has identified beneficial effects of Chinese calligraphy handwriting (CCH) practice on visual attention, cognitive activation, physiological slowdown, emotional relaxation and behavioural change. We hypothesised that these outcomes may constitute a compressive set of foundations which could impact several traits of Chinese personality within the context of Confucian culture and values. Here, we give a brief overview of the background of CCH and its effect in the cognitive, physiological and bio-emotional domains. We then provide empirical evidence showing strong association of CCH and personality traits and discuss the results in the contexts of calligraphy practice and Confucian literati personality, Confucianism and Chinese personalities as well as calligraphy writing and tool-using psychological theory.
Overcoming the Pandemic: Analysing the Ongoing Challenges in the Prevention of COVID-19 in India
Authors: Ajmera Puneeta , Majeed Jaseela , Goyal Ramesh K. , Yadav Sheetal , Mukhopadhyay Debraj
Published: February 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a Pandemic and a global public health emergency. The eventual scope and consequences of this outbreak are uncertain at present as the condition is swiftly evolving. The purpose of this article is to cumulate existing published data and researches, identify the challenges with reference to India and develop a comprehensive preventive plan to prevent the spread of this deadly pandemic. The authors explored WHO situation dashboards, the web portal of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India and press reports of different countries, published literature on coronavirus transmission, textbooks, scientific and medical journals and several other sources to identify ongoing challenges in the fight against COVID-19 in India. After an exhaustive literature search, 15 ongoing challenges in the fight against novel COVID-19 especially with reference to India have been identified. After a thorough analysis of all these challenges along with the lessons from the International community, a preventive plan has been established to be devised by different agencies from our personal perspectives to overcome the challenges which may assist decision-makers in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in India.
Empirical Contribution of Human Capital in Entrepreneurship
Authors: Arshed Noman , Rauf Ramla , Bukhari Samra
Published: February 2021

The empirical effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth through different channels have convinced researchers to coin entrepreneurship as an important indicator. While many studies are exploring the determinants of entrepreneurship, education is the one which is most studied. Empirical studies have discussed that no doubt education leads to entrepreneurship, but different levels of education have different effects. This study isolated different types of education and formed quadratic function in the expectation that the type and incidence of education may change the intentions and environment for the prospective entrepreneur. The estimates of feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) model using 103 countries show that all three levels of education form U-shaped relationship with entrepreneurship in the overall model. This study helps identify the current positioning of countries, suggesting policies with respect to a particular type of education.
Kicking off: Violence, honour, identity and masculinity in Argentinian football chants
Authors: Huddleston William
Published: February 2021

For over a century, violence has plagued Argentinian football. Popular understandings of the problem, however, are sorely lacking, with violence too often written off as an external force invading the game. This article provides an alternative view, arguing instead that violent behaviours are endemic to the sociocultural composition of the game itself, and that incidents of belligerence and antagonism cannot be separated from its wider context. To approach this, I analyse a corpus of chants produced by supporters of River Plate, one of the largest clubs in Argentina, and indeed Latin America. The aim is to provide a more nuanced vision of violence, taking into consideration how it is conceived, regulated and discussed by a plurality of supporters. Focussing on the native concept of aguante and the specific sociocultural formation of masculinity in Argentinian football, I suggest that a range of aggressive, harmful behaviours are naturalised and legitimised by prevailing cultural tendencies in Argentinian football.
A rare dance
Authors: Tamir Ilan
Published: February 2021

The enormous success of The Last Dance, the sports documentary on Michael Jordan’s career, and especially his last season, is the result of a rare confluence of factors, each of which is a unique and rare phenomenon in the history of sport. Their combination has already turned the mini-series into a global media event of the kind that is usually reserved for live broadcasts of extraordinary events. A basketball player with unusual personal and professional abilities, supported by a highly polished and well-oiled marketing system; the specific window of time in which his star shone – the late 1990s, when the era of media commercialization and globalization flourished, yet before the emergence of social media and their typical critical discourse; the rise in sports documentaries in recent years; and encasing all of these is the time of the documentary’s broadcast, when sports life across the world ceased due to the coronavirus. The mini-series, which seemingly deals with a single season in the career of a single player in a single sport, is actually so much more. It is a composition reflecting much wider social, sports and media phenomena.
Systemic coccidioidomycosis in a llama cria native to Missouri
Authors: Havis Brett M. , Walker Kelsey E. , Adkins Pamela R. F. , Shen Zhenyu , Middleton John R. , Gull Tamara , Nagy Dusty , Kim Dae Young
Published: February 2021

A 3-mo-old male llama was examined because of a 4-wk history of lethargy and ill thrift. Clinical examination revealed subcutaneous masses in the left prescapular and right inguinal regions, mild ataxia, a slight head tilt to the right, and right ear droop. The cria died before clinical workup was complete. At autopsy, there was generalized lymphadenomegaly, a hepatic nodule, a midbrain mass causing rostral compression of the cerebellum, and internal hydrocephalus. Microscopic findings included pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, meningoencephalitis, hepatitis, and bronchopneumonia. Intralesional fungal spherules, most consistent with Coccidioides spp., were identified in the lymph nodes, lung, and brain. Fungal culture, single-nucleotide variation genotyping real-time PCR, and DNA sequencing confirmed Coccidioides posadasii. The dam of the cria was native to Arizona and had been moved to Missouri ~2.5 y previously. Agar gel immunodiffusion assay of the herd revealed that only the dam was positive for Coccidioides spp.; 6 herdmates were negative. Computed tomography of the dam revealed multiple nodules within the lungs and liver, which were presumed to be an active coccidioidomycosis infection. This case of systemic coccidioidomycosis in a llama native to Missouri was presumably acquired by vertical transmission from the dam.
Adult Immigrant Journeys: Occupational Downgrading and Continuously Evolving Selves
Authors: Adversario Jan
Published: February 2021

This qualitative phenomenological study examined the occupational downgrading experiences of six adult immigrants. Occupational downgrading happens when an individual’s occupation post immigration does not match his or her education credentials and previous professional experiences. The goal is to make sense of the participants’ narratives through the lens of possible selves theory. Therefore, the research questions guiding this study were (1) How do occupational downgrading experiences of immigrants shape their integration to the U.S. workforce? and (2) How can we make sense of the participants’ narratives through the lens of possible selves theory? Phenomenological interviews served as the main source for data collection. In addition, artifacts allowed the participants to enrich their stories. Themes that emerged from the participants’ occupational downgrading experiences include underemployment, shift in status, language barrier, feeling of discrimination, and lack of inspiration at the new job. Looking at past, present, and future selves, the participants’ narratives were examined first through identity transition processes: separation, transition, and reincorporation. The study adds to a developing body of literature focusing on the possible selves of adult immigrants experiencing occupational downgrading. In particular, they inform who is participating in adult education. Likewise, this study centralizes the immigrant as participant to adult learning; it provides new narratives of adults in transition.
Migrants and the Labor Market: The Role and Tasks of Adult Education
Authors: Kloubert Tetyana , Hoggan Chad
Published: February 2021

The process of migration to a new country brings with it a host of challenges, and therefore also learning needs. Some countries have systems in place to facilitate the transition of migrants into society, often including adult education programs. Those programs, however, cannot be effective if blithely designed in ignorance of the interrelationship between established systems for facilitating integration and the experiences of migrants during the integration process. Focusing on the transition into the labor market and drawing on the expertise of adult educators who work in these systems in Germany, this article explores several stumbling blocks that make a successful integration for migrants more difficult and describes three strategies to address them: challenging the logic of the labor market, dealing with failure, and acknowledging multiple forms of discrimination. The analysis of Germany can provide insights that are useful in other national contexts.
Trust in Classroom-as-Organization Simulations: Parallel Experiences of Participants and Facilitators
Authors: Levesque Laurie L.
Published: February 2021

Background.

As classroom-as-organization (CAO) simulations unfold within corporate or higher education classrooms, novice facilitators and their participants experience uncertainty in the absence of familiar and implicit sources of trust. Initial trust derived from the context, simulation, peers, and one’s self wanes as awareness dawns regarding the magnitude of difference between CAO and typical classrooms. New sources of trust arise from shared sensemaking about unfamiliar roles and interactions, growing confidence in redistributed responsibilities and authority, an environment characterized by psychological safety, feedback, and behavioral experimentation modeled upon the experiential learning cycle ( Kolb, 1976 ).

Purpose.

This article examines the parallel experiences of participants and novice facilitators as they initially lose trust in CAO simulations and those involved, and discover new sources of trust related to the simulation design. Using first- and second-hand experiences and extant literatures on trust and teaching and learning, the erosion of initial trust is explored, as well as how CAO simulation design principles foster new sources of emergent trust.

Conclusion.

Understanding the ebb and flow of participants’ trust in CAO simulations allows for targeted facilitation and coaching. Novice facilitators who examine how their own trust experiences parallel those of participants gain insight into interventions and empathy into the participant experience within this fully-experiential learning environment. Empirical research is needed to examine the mechanisms of trust loss and rebuilding in CAO simulations in relation to the enactment of unfamiliar roles, routines, and responsibilities.
The Impact of Binational Barriers to Medical Care on the Care-Seeking Practices of Mexican Immigrants
Authors: Crocker Rebecca M.
Published: February 2021

Barriers to health care access faced by Mexican immigrants in the United States have been well-documented, including lack of insurance, fear of deportation, and language barriers. However, little is known about this population’s care-seeking experiences before migration. In this article, I use a life-course approach to explore binational isolation from health care and the ways in which early-life experiences pattern Mexicans’ care-seeking practices in the United States. This ethnographic research project took place in Tucson, Arizona, between 2013 and 2014 and used semistructured interviews with service providers and first-generation Mexican immigrants. The majority of participants faced significant barriers to medical care in Mexico, which resulted in low rates of care utilization and heavy reliance on lay modalities. Immigrants faced an even broader array of barriers to care in the United States, and their lack of prior health care access further discouraged care utilization and compromised their medical care experiences after migration.
“It Made Me Feel Like I Didn’t Know My Own Body”: Patient-Provider Relationships, LGBTQ+ Identity, and End-of-Life Discussions
Authors: Pecanac Kristen E. , Hill Madison Vander , Borkowski Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

Purpose:

LGBTQ+ individuals experience multiple challenges receiving quality care at the end of life, such as lack of confidence in the healthcare system to address their needs and lack of knowledge about advance care planning. Important gaps remain about the needs of LGBTQ+ individuals in the provider-patient relationship and how critical discussions about the end of life occur or do not occur in that relationship. The purpose of this study is to explore patients’ narratives of their relationship with their provider and their experiences discussing end-of-life care with their providers, among patients who do and do not identify as LGBTQ+.

Methods:

Twenty-nine attendants of an event devoted to LGBTQ+ health, 15 of which identified as LGBTQ+, completed an altered version of the CAHPS® Patient Narrative Elicitation Protocol. We used inductive content analysis to qualitatively analyze the data.

Results:

Respondents described wanting to be heard, finding safety and trust, and valuing competency in their relationship with their provider. Respondents who identified as LGBTQ+ additionally 1) valued providers who avoided making assumptions, 2) looked for cues of safety to indicate they would be accepted by the provider, and 3) sought providers competent in LGBTQ+ care needs. Few respondents had discussed end-of-life care with their provider, although some assumed that their provider may or may not be able to meet their needs based on aspects of their provider-patient relationship.

Conclusions:

Strengthening patient-provider relationships may help improve the care of LGBTQ+ populations, particularly for the end of life.
All We Need Is One Mic: A Call for Anti-racist Solidarity to Deconstruct Anti-Black Racism in Educational Leadership
Authors: Genao Soribel , Mercedes Yaribel
Published: February 2021

In this article, we outline some of the vital measurements of racism and anti-blackness as a macro system in education. We contend that principal preparation programs have not explicitly prioritized anti-racist school leadership, while often resisting the possibilities of solidarity or one mic of knowledge to increase anti-racist dispositions. Considering the lexicon of whiteness as an assemblage, a racial discourse should be “supported by material practices and institutions,” that prepare educational leaders to examine anti-blackness curriculum that have been embedded as a standard method. We also posit that theoretical understanding of racism as global whiteness from a post-oppositional lens and decoloniality that will challenge the way racism is currently referenced in educational leadership scholarship. Moreover, current global and decolonial research gives way for a new vision of solidarity by humanizing scholarly resistance that cultivates a vision of community that regards differences of knowledge across groups and investigates racist policies and practices in educational leadership programs.
Telephonic Nurse Guidance for Colonoscopy: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Diniz Tatiane Santa Rosa , Fusco Suzimar de Fátima Benato , Oliveira Maria Elizandre Camilo de , Nunes Hélio Rubens de Carvalho , Avila Marla Andréia Garcia de
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of nurse-conducted telephone guidance for bowel preparation before a colonoscopy after patients have received routine recommendations. A randomized, controlled, colonoscopist-blinded clinical trial was conducted at a Brazilian teaching hospital. Participants included patients aged ≥ 18, who were available via telephone (the intervention group was given guidance over telephone). Of the 109 total participants, 55 were placed into the intervention group (IG) and 54 into the control group (CG). Outcomes included Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) scores, adenoma detection, and cecal intubation. Total BBPS scores showed a statistically significant reduction for the IG when compared to the CG ( p < .001) (all colon segments were evaluated thus). Cecal intubation occurred in all exams for those in the IG ( p = .027). No significant differences were found regarding adenoma detection. The examined educational intervention was an effective strategy for reeducating patients about bowel preparation.
A Population-Based Examination of Criterion-Level Disparities in the Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder Among Sexual Minority Adults
Authors: Rodriguez-Seijas Craig , Morgan Theresa A. , Zimmerman Mark
Published: February 2021

Sexual minority individuals are diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) at higher proportions than heterosexual individuals regardless of presenting psychopathology. It is unclear if such bias is reflective of diagnostician idiosyncrasies or population-based diagnostic/criterion bias. Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions–III were utilized to examine if differences in BPD endorsement were related to/independent of transdiagnostic factor differences between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals. BPD diagnosis/criterion endorsement was higher among sexual minority compared with heterosexual individuals (odds ratios = 1.47-3.82). Furthermore, when dysfunction/impairment associated with criterion endorsement was ignored, endorsement disparities were magnified. Diagnostic/criterion differences were mostly explained by transdiagnostic factor differences associated with sexual minority status, with some notable exceptions. These results suggest that the predilection toward BPD diagnosis among sexual minority individuals does not appear reflective of criterion-related bias. They further highlight the importance of understanding group-specific forms of psychiatric malaise and reinforce the importance of cultural humility for equitable assessment. These results further raise questions pertaining to the conceptualization and epistemology of BPD as it relates to sexual minority individuals.
Biomarkers of Platelet Activation and Their Prognostic Value in Patients With Sepsis-Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy
Authors: Wegrzyn Gracelene , Walborn Amanda , Rondina Matthew , Fareed Jawed , Hoppensteadt Debra
Published: February 2021

Sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is related to marked hemostatic changes such as transient thrombocytopenia secondary to the endogenous activation and consumption of platelets. This study measured markers of platelet function in 103 adult ICU patients with clinically established sepsis-associated DIC to determine the biomarker association with disease severity. Patients were categorized as having no DIC, nonovert DIC, or overt DIC using the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis scoring system. Plasma levels of CD40L, platelet factor 4 (PF4), platelet-derived microparticles, and microparticle-associated tissue factor were quantified. Markers of platelet activation were significantly elevated in patients with DIC compared to healthy individuals. This increase was independent of platelet count. Levels of PF4 differed based on the severity of DIC and differentiated nonsurvivors and survivors. These findings suggest that the markers of platelet activation in DIC may not be regulated by the number of circulating platelets and may be independent of the factors leading to their consumption.