bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Damping Capacity of AlNp/Mg-Al Composites with Different Particle Contents
Authors: Wang Yong , Cheng Kai Ming , Zhou Ji Xue , Yang Yuan Sheng
Published: June 2017

The AlN particles reinforced magnesium-aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy and the damping mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the best damping capacity of composite reached with the addition of 6wt% AlN reinforcement, while the AlN particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix. The damping capacity of composites decreases with the increasing of the reinforcement content and the experimental frequency. The internal friction peak related to dislocation appearance in the temperature ranges of 100-150°C. In addition, another internal friction peak of composites between 200 and 250°C arose, which was related to interface sliding.
Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering Temperature on the Consolidation of SiC Fiber Reinforced Titanium Alloy Matrix Composites
Authors: Wang Min Juan , Huang Hao , Wen Mao , Li Hu , Huang Xu , Zhang Shu Ming
Published: June 2017

Continuous SiC fiber reinforced titanium alloy matrix composite (SiCf/Ti) is a potential material in aeronautical field for its excellent mechanical properties. In this work, continuous SiC fiber reinforced TC17 alloy composites (SiCf/TC17) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at different sintering temperatures from 800 to 1000 oC with interval of 50 oC. Consolidated samples were investigated by SEM, EDS and Matrix erosion method. The results showed that the densification degree and the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer increased as the sintering temperature elevated. In addition, the interface reaction layer with typical tooth shape microstructure mainly consisted of TiC and TixSiy, which was quite similar to t that of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) sample. Due to the aggravation of interfacial reaction, there were lots of voids around interfacial layer above 1000 oC, and the residual stress was hardly affected by the sintering temperature. The SiCf/Ti composites can be consolidated at a lower temperature using SPS technology compared with the HIP processing, which is beneficial to the control of the interface reaction together with the reducing of the cost.
Research Progress on Plastic Processing Techniques of Particulate Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites
Authors: Wu Hai Bao , Li De Fu , Li Xing Gang , Chai Guo Qiang
Published: June 2017

Particulate Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites (PRAMCs) have been widely applied in military and civilian areas such as aviation, aerospace, advanced weapon applications and electrical industries due to their good mechanical properties at elevated temperature, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent wear resistance and low production cost. The main preparation techniques of the PRAMCs include stir casting, powder metallurgy, pressureless infiltration and spray deposition. However, the problems such as low densification and particle cluster encountered in these techniques often reduce the material properties. It has reported that the homogeneity of the distribution of particulate reinforcements in metal matrix can be improved by plastic processing, thus enhancing the material densification. This paper summarized recent progress in the plastic processing methods of the PRAMCs, with an emphasis on the spinning technique. The effects of various process parameters on the material properties were discussed in detail. A summary of research progress on the numerical simulation of plastic processing of the PRAMCs was presented. In the end, an outlook was given on the prospect of the PRAMCs’ development.
Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in Normal and Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Boniakowski Anna E. , Kimball Andrew S. , Jacobs Benjamin N. , Kunkel Steven L. , Gallagher Katherine A.
Published: June 2017

The healing of cutaneous wounds is dependent on the progression through distinct, yet overlapping phases of wound healing, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and resolution/remodeling. The failure of these phases to occur in a timely, progressive fashion promotes pathologic wound healing. The macrophage (MΦ) has been demonstrated to play a critical role in the inflammatory phase of tissue repair, where its dynamic plasticity allows this cell to mediate both tissue-destructive and -reparative functions. The ability to understand and control both the initiation and the resolution of inflammation is critical for treating pathologic wound healing. There are now a host of studies demonstrating that metabolic and epigenetic regulation of gene transcription can influence MΦ plasticity in wounds. In this review, we highlight the molecular and epigenetic factors that influence MΦ polarization in both physiologic and pathologic wound healing, with particular attention to diabetic wounds.
BACTERIAL BLOOD STREAM INFECTIONS NEGATIVELY IMPACT ON OUTCOME OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: 6 YEARS SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Malagola Michele
Published: June 2017

Background: Blood stream infections (BSIs) represent a major complication of allo-SCT and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality during and after bone marrow aplasia.Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and outcome of BSIs in a cohort of patients submitted to allo-SCT, in order to track changes of the epidemiology and bacteria resistance. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the microbiological data of 162 patients allotransplanted in Brescia University Hospital, over a period of 6 years.Results: Eighty patients experienced a BSIs for a total of 119 isolates. In 77 cases (65%) a Gram positive bacteria was isolated, being coagulase negative Staphilococci the most frequent species (77% of the cases). In 42 cases (35%) a Gram negative bacteria was isolated (E. coli 57% and P. aeruginosa 24%). Fluoroquinolones resistance was frequent (90% for S. epidermidis, 92% for E. coli, 90% for P. aeruginosa). Methycillin resistance of S. epidermidis was 100%, 76% of E. coli were ESBL positive and among P. aeruginosa resistance to carbapenems was 40%. The 2 years overall survival of patients with BSIs vs patients without BSIs was 46% vs 60% (HR1,48, p=0,07). P. areuginosa and E. coli were the species with the highest mortality (50% and 33%, respectively). Conclusions: These data confirms that BSIs, mainly sustained by Gram positive bacteria, are frequent in allotransplanted patients (50% of the cases) and may influence the outcome of allotransplanted patients, being antibiotics resistance highly frequent among these bacteria.
Mapping three-dimensional digital model to surgical site in facial surgery
Authors: Wang Xudong , Watts Ian , Zheng Bin
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Reconstructive surgery in the facial and oral sites requires high levels of precision. Intraoperative guidance can enhance surgical precision with three-dimensional (3D) image model. Here, case report was our endeavor of creating a 3D digital image model to guide plastic procedure is performed on the soft tissue of a patient's cheek. 3D facial structure was taken preoperatively by scanning the contours of the patient's head. The defect on patient's left cheek due to an aneurysm was identified and virtually corrected by mirroring image from the healthy right side of the cheek. Once the 3D virtual model was created, we displayed the 3D model onto the surgical site during the operation to guide surgical procedure. Digital technology is developing rapidly and is unavoidable to merge with surgical care. Clinical judgment and intraoperative performance will be improved by our efforts of integrating digital technology into the operating room.
A comparative in vitro study on fluoride release and water sorption of different flowable esthetic restorative materials
Authors: Harhash Asmaa Youssif , ElSayad Iman Ibrahim , Zaghloul Ahmad G.S.
Published: June 2017

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate fluoride release and water sorption of three flowable esthetic restorative materials: a giomer, a fluoride-releasing resin composite, and a nonfluoridated resin composite. Materials and Methods: Ten samples from a giomer, a fluoride releasing nano-hybrid, and a nonfluoridated nano-hybrid composite were prepared and immersed in deionized water. Fluoride measurements were done using an ion-specific electrode attached to a microprocessor-based fluoride meter after 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks. Another thirty samples were made and placed in desiccators. Water sorption was calculated by weighing the specimens before and after water immersion for 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks. Data analysis was done using two-way ANOVA, paired t-test (P < 0.05), and Pearson's correlation coefficient to calculate correlations between fluoride release and water sorption. Results: The highest fluoride release was from giomer after 1 day, it was statistically significant from all other groups. Both nano-hybrid composites after 1 day showed significantly lower water sorption which was different than all the other groups. Pearson's correlation showed no significant correlations between fluoride release and water sorption. Conclusions: Fluoride release is material and time dependent, while water sorption is material dependent.
Evidence provided for the use of oscillating instruments in restorative dentistry: A systematic review
Authors: Ntovas Panagiotis , Doukoudakis Spyridon , Tzoutzas John , Lagouvardos Panagiotis
Published: June 2017

Oscillating diamond instruments are considered gentle sources for the removal of demineralized tooth hard tissues and the preparation of cavity angles and margins needed in minimally invasive dentistry. However, there is a question if literature provides enough evidence for their efficacy in restorative dentistry procedures. A literature search until May 2016 was conducted, using PubMed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The quality of the studies was assessed using the recommendation of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. Fifty-five studies were finally included in the study. Of which, 78.2% of them were laboratory studies and only 21.8% were clinical studies. The strength of recommendation was 5 for most of them and D their grade of evidence. Bond strength of adhesives on surfaces prepared with these instruments, effective caries removal and cutting characteristics of the oscillating instruments were the main targets of the studies. Conventional diamond, steel, and chemical vapor deposition diamond tips and systems based on abrasive slurry were the oscillating tips, used in different studies. The strength of recommendation and grade of evidence of the studies were low. Although these devices seem to be useful for many clinical situations, there is a need for more well-structured evidence-based studies with more widely accepted procedures and common devices, to have more meaningful results and conclusions of higher strength.
A case of tooth fracture occurred upon medicating bisphosphonate for an elderly person: Preservation therapy and responses for Stage 0 of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw
Authors: Suzuki Noriko , Oguchi Hitoshi , Yamauchi Yu , Karube Yasuyo , Suzuki Yukimi , Hosoya Noriyasu
Published: June 2017

This case report aimed to report the progress of preservation therapy and response of symptoms and signs for Stage 0 of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ). A 68-year-old female was recognized having a tooth at the left upper first molar fracture upon medicating bisphosphonate (BP) in 2007. At that time, the extraction of the tooth was an absolute contraindication. Therefore, we performed preservation therapy. We observed the symptoms and signs every month. After 5 months, swelling and redness in the entire first molar tooth were seen and fistula formed partly. Bone exposure was not seen. We administrated antibiotics immediately. As a result, symptoms disappeared. On April 10, 2009, the patient visited us as she felt a sense of incongruity in the lower left first and second molar teeth. Clinically, there were no symptoms of pain. However, we observed the radiolucent finding in about 5 mm diameter at apical position by X-ray photography; we considered a possibility of Stage 0 for BRONJ. We immediately administered medicine for 5 days and the symptoms disappeared. At present, no inflammation with signs and symptoms at the upper left first molar and lower left first, second molar parts is shown. We performed preservation therapy for tooth fracture case medicating of BP. Immediate responses for inflammation and symptoms of the Stage 0 of BRONJ have led to success. Hence, dentists should perform regular clinical observation, and enough education to the patient for BRONJ is necessary.
In vitro evaluation of microleakage under orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesive systems
Authors: Atash Ramin , Fneiche Ali , Cetik Sibel , Bahrami Babak , Balon-Perin Alain , Orellana Maria , Glineur Régine
Published: June 2017

Objective: Adhesives systems have a drawback when utilized for bonding orthodontic brackets: they shrink during photopolymerization creating microleakage. The aim of this study was to assess the stability of different orthodontic adhesives around brackets and enamel. Materials and Methods: Sixty noncarious mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly divided into six groups of adhesives used for bonding brackets to dental enamel: NeoBond® Light Cure Adhesive Kit, Transbond™ Plus Self-Etching, Victory V-Slot APC PLUS® + Transbond™ MIP, Rely-A-Bond® Kit, Light Cure Orthodontic Adhesive Kit (OptiBond®), and Transbond™ MIP. Following bonding, all teeth underwent 2500 cycles of thermal cycling in baths ranging from 5°C to 55°C before being immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 h. All samples were examined under a binocular microscope to assess the degree of microleakage at the “bracket-adhesive” and “adhesive-enamel” interfaces in the gingival and occlusal regions of the bracket. Results: A significant difference was found at the “occlusal bracket-adhesive” interface. The highest microleakage values were found in the occlusal region, although no significant. Microleakage was observed in all groups. Conclusion: Group 2 had the highest microleakage values whereas Group 6 had the lowest values.
Discoloration of different esthetic restorative materials: A spectrophotometric evaluation
Authors: Ceci Matteo , Viola Matteo , Rattalino Davide , Beltrami Riccardo , Colombo Marco , Poggio Claudio
Published: June 2017

Objective: A crucial property of esthetic restorative materials is their long-term color stability. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the color stability of esthetic restorative materials (one microfilled flowable composite, one nanofilled composite, one nanoybrid composite, one microfilled composite, and one nanoybrid ormocer-based composite) after surface roughening with cola and exposure to different staining solutions (coffee and red wine).Materials and Methods: All materials were polymerized into silicone rubber rings (2 mm × 6 mm × 8 mm) to obtain 150 specimens identical in size. Seventy-five specimens of Group A were first exposed to cola for 24 h, and then samples were immersed in coffee or red wine over a 28-day test period. A colorimetric evaluation, according to the CIE L*a*b* system, was performed at 7, 14, 21, 28 days. Shapiro–Wilk test and Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance were applied to assess significant differences among restorative materials. Means were compared with Scheffe's multiple comparison test at the 0.05 level of significance.Results: Specimens of Group A showed higher variations when compared with Group B's specimens (P < 0.05). After 28 days, the immersion protocols caused a clinically perceivable color change for all materials tested (P < 0.05). CeramX Universal and Admira Fusion showed the lowest ΔE variations (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Staining beverages caused significant discolorations for all the materials tested. The first exposure to cola enhanced the subsequent staining with coffee or red wine. Nanohybrid composites reported the lowest color variations.
Size discrepancies in molars and first key to optimal occlusion
Authors: Celebi Ahmet Arif , Lee Sam H. , Kau Chung How
Published: June 2017

Objective: The aim of this research project was to determine whether the sizes of the first molars allow clinicians to achieve the first goal of an ideal clinical outcome. Material and Methods: Seventy-eight sets of dental casts that have been presented to the American Board of Orthodontics were evaluated. A Boley gauge was used to measure the length from the mesiobuccal cusp to the distobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar and the length from the mesiobuccal groove of the mandibular first molar to the occlusal embrasure between the mandibular first and second molars. These two measurements were taken on both sides of each set of dental casts for a total of four measurements per set. Results: The maxillary measurements ranged from 3.6 to 6.9 mm with an average of 5.2 mm. The mandibular measurements ranged from 5.0 to 8.0 mm with an average of 6.5 mm. The data were tested for normality and found to be equally distributed. A t-test revealed significant differences in tooth sizes between maxillary and mandibular first molars on both sides. On average, the mesiodistal length measured on maxillary first molars was about 80% of that of their mandibular counterparts. Only 5 of the 78 sets of dental casts evaluated had equal maxillary and mandibular measurements on one side (either left or right), and none of them had equal measurements on both sides. Conclusion: Clinicians have to understand that tooth size discrepancies do exist in patients and that these discrepancies make the completion of a perfect case challenging.
Evaluation of knowledge among general dentists in treatment of traumatic injuries in primary teeth: A cross-sectional questionnaire study
Authors: Ravikumar Dhanalakshmi , Jeevanandan Ganesh , Subramanian E M. G.
Published: June 2017

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the knowledge of General dentist regarding the management of dental traumatic injuries of primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 general dentists were selected and a validated questionnaire was distributed among the dentist to assess their knowledge on treatment strategies regarding traumatized primary teeth. Statistical Analysis: Data were entered into SPSS version 20.0 for percentages. The correct answers were tested in relation to the dentists' years of experience using the Chi-square test. Results: Analyzing the questionnaire for knowledge, 49% of dentists answered accurately regarding avulsed primary teeth, 36% of dentists answered appropriately regarding crown and root fractures, and 55% of dentists gave appropriate answers regarding luxation injuries. Chi-square test showed a statistically significant difference only for 2 questions in relation to the dentist's years of experience (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a lack of consistency in the knowledge among general dentist regarding traumatic dental injuries of primary teeth. There is a need to create awareness and education regarding traumatic injuries of primary teeth.
Об одном обобщении функции Шеннона
Authors: Red'kin Nikolay Petrovich
Published: June 2017

При исследовании сложности реализации булевых функций обычно предполагаются известными базис, в котором строятся схемы, и мера сложности схем. Для них вводится функция Шеннона, которая каждой булевой функции ставит в соответствие наименьшую сложность реализации этой функции в рассматриваемом базисе. В данной работе предлагается обобщение такой функции Шеннона в виде верхней грани, которая берется по всем функционально полным базисам. Это обобщение дает представление о сложности реализации булевых функций в «наихудших» для них базисах. Содержательность предлагаемого обобщения демонстрируется на примере конъюнкции.
Impact of Catholic Hospital Affiliation During Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency on the Provision of Family Planning
Authors: Guiahi Maryam , Hoover Jennifer , Swartz Maryke , Teal Stephanie
Published: June 2017

Background 

Catholic hospitals operate under the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services, which for obstetrics and gynecology residents may create barriers to receiving adequate training in family planning.

Objective 

We evaluated how training at a Catholic hospital affects trainees' subsequent provision of reproductive health services at secular institutions.

Methods 

This qualitative study used semistructured interviews with recent obstetrics and gynecology graduates in generalist practice at secular institutions. We queried about their training experiences, perceived deficiencies, and current provision of family planning services. Three researchers independently coded transcripts, using grounded theory.

Results 

We reached thematic saturation after 15 of 31 graduates (48%) from 7 Catholic hospital residencies participated in interviews between June 2014 and February 2015. Many participants reported a lack of awareness regarding limitations on this aspect of their training. All participants reported reproductive health care training deficiencies, and many explained that “elective” training required resident initiative to obtain. After graduation, participants reported dissatisfaction with training in family planning, delayed competency in this area, and a lack of ability to provide certain family planning procedures. All felt that Catholic programs should improve family planning training by providing routine, opt-out family planning opportunities.

Conclusions 

Obstetricians and gynecologists who trained at Catholic institutions felt that religion-based policies negatively affected their training experiences and the range of reproductive health services they subsequently provide in practice. Forming collaborations with off-site facilities, particularly for postpartum tubal ligation and uterine evacuation, may improve the reproductive care these physicians ultimately provide to women.
Colonizing, Decolonizing, and Globalizing Kolkata
Authors: Sen Siddhartha
Published: June 2017

Colonizing, Decolonizing, and Globalizing Kolkata offers an extended analysis of the architecture and urban planning of Kolkata from the earliest days of colonialism through independence and on into the twenty-first century, all set in the larger context of Indian cities’ architecture and urban planning. What Siddhartha Sen shows is the transformation of a colonial city into a Marxist one — and ongoing attempts to further transform Kolkata into a global city. Richly illustrated, the book carefully situates architecture, design, and urban planning within Kolkata’s political economy and social milieu.
Creating Distinctions in Dutch Genre Painting
Authors: Ho Angela
Published: June 2017

In the mid- to late seventeenth century, a number of Dutch painters created a new type of refined genre painting that was much admired by elite collectors. In this book, Angela Ho uses the examples of Gerrit Dou, Gerard ter Borch, and Frans van Mieris to show how this group of artists made creative use of repetition-such as crafting virtuosic, self-referential compositions around signature motifs, or engaging esteemed predecessors in a competitive dialogue through emulation-to project a distinctive artistic personality. The resulting paintings enabled purchasers and viewers to exercise their connoisseurial eye and claim membership in an exclusive circle of sophisticated enthusiasts-making creative repetition a successful strategy for both artists and viewers.
Characterization of three new condensation particle counters for sub-3 nm particle detection during the Helsinki CPC workshop: the ADI versatile water CPC, TSI 3777 nano enhancer and boosted TSI 3010
Authors: Kangasluoma Juha , Hering Susanne , Picard David , Lewis Gregory , Enroth Joonas , Korhonen Frans , Kulmala Markku , Sellegri Karine , Attoui Michel , Petäjä Tuukka
Published: June 2017

Abstract. In this study we characterized the performance of three new particle counters able to detect particles smaller than 3 nm during the Helsinki condensation particle counter (CPC) workshop in summer 2016: the Aerosol Dynamics Inc. (ADI; Berkeley, USA) versatile water condensation particle counter (vWCPC), TSI 3777 nano enhancer (TSI Inc., Shoreview, USA) and modified and boosted TSI 3010-type CPC from Université Blaise Pascal called a B3010. The performance of all CPCs was first measured with charged tungsten oxide test particles at temperature settings which resulted in supersaturation low enough to not detect any ions produced by a radioactive source. Due to similar measured detection efficiencies, additional comparison between the 3777 and vWCPC were conducted using electrically neutral tungsten oxide test particles and with positively charged tetradodecylammonium bromide. Furthermore, the detection efficiencies of the 3777 and vWCPC were measured with boosted temperature settings yielding supersaturation which was at the onset of homogeneous nucleation for the 3777 or confined within the range of liquid water for the ADI vWCPC. Finally, CPC-specific tests were conducted to probe the response of the 3777 to various inlet flow relative humidities, of the B3010 to various inlet flow rates and of the vWCPC to various particle concentrations. For the 3777 and vWCPC the measured 50 % detection diameters (d50s) were in the range of 1.3–2.4 nm for the tungsten oxide particles, depending on the particle charging state and CPC temperature settings, between 2.5 and 3.3 nm for the organic test aerosol, and in the range of 3.2–3.4 nm for tungsten oxide for the B3010.
Evaluation of atmospheric profiles derived from single- and zero-difference excess phase processing of BeiDou System radio occultation data of the FY-3C GNOS mission
Authors: Bai Weihua , Liu Congliang , Meng Xiangguang , Sun Yueqiang , Kirchengast Gottfried , Du Qifei , Wang Xianyi , Yang Guanglin , Liao Mi , Yang Zhongdong , Zhao Danyang , Xia Junming , Cai Yuerong , Liu Lijun , Wang Dongwei
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Occultation Sounder (GNOS) is one of the new generation payloads onboard the Chinese FengYun 3 (FY-3) series of operational meteorological satellites for sounding the Earth’s neutral atmosphere and ionosphere. GNOS was designed for acquiring setting and rising radio occultation (RO) data by using GNSS signals from both the Chinese BeiDou System (BDS) and the U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS). An ultra-stable oscillator with 1-sec stability (Allan deviation) at the level of 10−12 was installed on FY-3C GNOS, thus both zero-difference and single-difference excess phase processing methods should be feasible for FY-3C GNOS observations. In this study we focus on evaluating zero-difference processing of BDS RO data vs. single-difference processing, in order to investigate the zero-difference feasibility for this new instrument, which after its launch in September 2013 started to use BDS signals from 5 geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites, 5 inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites and 4 medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites. We used a 3-month set of GNOS BDS RO data (October to December 2013) for the evaluation and compared atmospheric bending angle and refractivity profiles, derived from single- and zero-difference excess phase data, against co-located profiles from ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) analyses. We also compared against co-located refractivity profiles from radiosondes. The statistical evaluation against these reference data shows that the results from single- and zero-difference processing are consistent in both bias and standard deviation, clearly demonstrating the feasibility of zero-differencing for GNOS BDS RO observations. The average bias (and standard deviation) of the bending angle and refractivity profiles were found to be as small as about 0.05 %–0.2 % (and 0.7 %–1.6 %) over the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, including for the GEO, IGSO, and MEO subsets. Zero-differencing was found to perform slightly better, as may be expected from its lower vulnerability to noise. The validation results establish that GNOS can provide, on top of GPS RO profiles, accurate and precise BDS RO profiles both from single- and zero-difference processing. The GNOS observations by the series of FY-3 satellites will thus provide important contributions to numerical weather prediction and global climate change analysis.
Extreme flood event reconstruction spanning the last century in the El Bibane Lagoon (southeastern Tunisia): a multi-proxy approach
Authors: Affouri Aida , Dezileau Laurent , Kallel Nejib
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Climate models project that rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations will increase the frequency and the severity of some extreme weather events. The flood events represent a major risk for populations and infrastructures settled on coastal lowlands. Recent studies of lagoon sediments have enhanced our knowledge on extreme hydrological events such as palaeo-storms and on their relation with climate change over the last millennium. However, few studies have been undertaken to reconstruct past flood events from lagoon sediments. Here, the past flood activity was investigated using a multi-proxy approach combining sedimentological and geochemical analysis of surfaces sediments from a southeastern Tunisian catchment in order to trace the origin of sediment deposits in the El Bibane Lagoon. Three sediment sources were identified: marine, fluvial and aeolian. When applying this multi-proxy approach on core BL12-10, recovered from the El Bibane Lagoon, we can see that finer material, a high content of the clay and silt, and a high content of the elemental ratios (Fe ∕ Ca and Ti ∕ Ca) characterise the sedimentological signature of the palaeo-flood levels identified in the lagoonal sequence. For the last century, which is the period covered by the BL12-10 short core, three palaeo-flood events were identified. The age of these flood events have been determined by 210Pb and 137Cs chronology and give ages of AD 1995 ± 6, 1970 ± 9 and 1945 ± 9. These results show a good temporal correlation with historical flood events recorded in southern Tunisia in the last century (AD 1932, 1969, 1979 and 1995). Our finding suggests that reconstruction of the history of the hydrological extreme events during the upper Holocene is possible in this location through the use of the sedimentary archives.
Impact of rainfall spatial aggregation on the identification of debris
flow occurrence thresholds
Authors: Marra Francesco , Destro Elisa , Nikolopoulos Efthymios I. , Zoccatelli Davide , Creutin Jean Dominique , Guzzetti Fausto , Borga Marco
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The systematic underestimation observed in debris flows early warning thresholds has been associated to the use of sparse rain gauge networks to represent highly non-stationary rainfall fields. Remote sensing products permit concurrent estimates of debris flow-triggering rainfall for areas poorly covered by rain gauges, but the impact of using coarse spatial resolutions to represent such rainfall fields is still to be assessed. This study uses fine resolution radar data for ~ 100 debris flows in the eastern Italian Alps to (i) quantify the effect of spatial aggregation (1–20-km grid size) on the estimation of debris flow triggering rainfall and on the identification of early warning thresholds and (ii) compare thresholds derived from aggregated estimates and rain gauge networks of different densities. The impact of spatial aggregation is influenced by the spatial organization of rainfall and by its dependence on the severity of the triggering rainfall. Thresholds from aggregated estimates show up to 8 % and 21 % variations in the shape and scale parameters respectively. Thresholds from synthetic rain gauge networks show > 10 % variation in the shape and > 25 % systematic underestimation in the scale parameter, even for densities as high as 1/10 km−2.
Variations in return value estimate of ocean surface waves – a study based on measured buoy data
Authors: Naseef T. Muhammed , Kumar V. Sanil
Published: June 2017

Abstract. An assessment of extreme wave characteristics during the design of marine facilities not only helps to ensure its safety but also the economic aspects. In this study, return levels for different periods are estimated using Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) based on the waverider buoy data spanning for eight years. The analysis is carried out for wind-sea, swell and total significant wave heights separately. Seasonality of prevailing wave climate is also considered in the analysis to provide return levels for short-term activities in the location. The study shows that Initial Distribution Method (IDM) underestimates return levels compared to that of GPD. Maximum return levels estimated by GPD corresponding to 100 years is 5.83 m for monsoon season (JJAS), and corresponding pre-monsoon (FMAM) and post-monsoon (ONDJ) values are 2.66 m and 4.28 m respectively. Intercomparison of return levels by block maxima and r-largest method for GEV theory shows that maximum return level for 100 years is 7.24 m by r-largest series followed by monthly maxima (6.18 m) and annual maxima (5.78 m) series. The analysis is also carried out to understand the sensitivity of the number of observation for GEV annual maxima estimates. It indicates that the variations in the standard deviation of the series caused by changes in the number of observation are positively correlated with the return level estimates.
Leading Up in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Authors: Miller-Young Janice E , Anderson Catherine , Kiceniuk Deborah , Mooney Julie , Riddell Jessica , Schmidt Hanbidge Alice , Ward Veronica , Wideman Maureen A , Chick Nancy
Published: June 2017

Scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) scholars, including those who are not in formal positions of leadership, are uniquely positioned to engage in leadership activities that can grow the field, influence their colleagues, and effect change in their local contexts as well as in institutional, disciplinary, and the broader Canadian contexts. Drawing upon the existing SoTL literature and our own diverse experiences, we propose a framework that describes institutional contexts in terms of local SoTL activity (microcultures) and administrative support (macro-level) and use it to describe the many ways that SoTL scholars can and do “lead up” to effect change depending on their own context. We conclude by inviting scholars to consider, reflect upon, and experiment with their leadership activities, not only for their own professional growth but also to contribute to the literature in this area.
Les professeurs qui font des recherches dans le domaine de l’avancement des connaissances en enseignement et en apprentissage (ACEA), y compris ceux qui n’occupent pas un poste de leadership formel, occupent une position unique pour s’engager dans des activités de leadership qui peuvent faire avancer le domaine, influencer leurs collègues et effectuer des changements dans leurs contextes locaux ainsi que dans les contextes plus vastes de leur établissement, de leur discipline et du contexte canadien en général. En nous appuyant sur la documentation déjà publiée en ACEA et sur nos diverses expériences personnelles, nous proposons un cadre qui décrit les contextes institutionnels en termes d’activités d’ACEA locales (micro-cultures) et de soutien administratif (niveau macro) que nous utilisons pour décrire les diverses manières dont les chercheurs en ACEA peuvent en arriver à effectuer des changements selon leur propre contexte. En conclusion, nous invitons les chercheurs à prendre en considération leurs activités de leadership, à y réfléchir et à faire des expériences, non seulement pour leur propre croissance professionnelle mais également pour contribuer à la documentation dans ce domaine.
Reading Responsibly between Martha Nussbaum and Emmanuel Levinas: Towards a Textual Ethics for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Wrighton John
Published: June 2017

This article explores the intersection of literature and philosophy in order to present a reworked textual ethics for the twenty-first century. Tracing over the last thirty years a remarkable philosophical engagement with the ethical imperative of literary criticism, the “turn to ethics” it is argued has largely settled into two competing critical camps: a neo-Aristotelian, narrative ethics on the one hand, and an other-oriented, deconstructive ethics on the other. But by bringing into productive tension for the first time the major works of two of the most significant ethical philosophers, Martha Nussbaum and Emmanuel Levinas (representing the “Analytic” and “Continental” forms of knowledge respectively), this study reveals in their mutual engagement of the textual encounter “language as a way of touching a human being,” and thereby proposes an ethical criticism open to new forms of community and social possibility.
Vicente Machado da Silva Lima: entre amor e ódio, notas iniciais sobre a biografia, trajetória política e transferências de capitais
Authors: Goulart Mônica Helena Harrich Silva
Published: June 2017

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar, através da perspectiva sociológica bourdieusiana, aspectos iniciais acerca da trajetória política, da biografia e dos capitais políticos e econômicos decorrentes das relações de parentesco de Vicente Machado da Silva Lima. Vicente Machado foi a figura política de maior destaque durante toda a República Velha no Paraná. Apesar de ter emplacado muitos inimigos, alcançou a maioria de seus propósitos ocupando vários cargos e comandando o Partido Republicano Federal - PRF. Um dos nomes mais citados em toda imprensa local, que se dividia claramente em suas posições. Parte dela o exaltava como liderança a ser seguida, ao mesmo tempo em que seus oponentes o acusavam severamente de ser um político autoritário e contraditório, não se valendo de modelo ético. Diante das divergências impostas pela Revolução Federalista, Vicente Machado construiu seu legado. O trabalho apresentado se constitui no ponto de partida de projeto de pesquisa mais amplo, cujo propósito é levantar sociologicamente a vida de Vicente Machado da Silva Lima. Sem dúvida alguma, um dos mais significativos atores políticos da história do Paraná republicano. Sua morte, em março de 1907, reconfigurou o poder político e o sistema partidário da época. Para tal pesquisa, serão utilizadas obras biográficas sobre os governantes paranaenses e textos que apontem a dinâmica do jogo político. Serão consultados jornais, por meio da hemeroteca e, posteriormente, documentos diversos como os anais da Assembleia Legislativa do Paraná, as mensagens políticas dos governadores do estado, os discursos proferidos por Vicente Machado no Senado e na ALEP, além de telegramas e documentos oficiais.
A porta dos fundos do judiciário: o quinto constitucional e o nepotismo
Authors: Bianeck Willian Carneiro
Published: June 2017

O Poder Judiciário é composto majoritariamente por juízes de carreira. Porém, a Constituição prevê que um quinto dos membros dos Tribunais seja composto por egressos do Ministério Público e da OAB. O instituto, embora vise à oxigenação de ideias do Judiciário, em verdade acaba se tornando meio de perpetrar a prática de nepotismo, porque os critérios legais para a assunção ao cargo da magistratura pelo quinto constitucional são meramente formais, não prevendo requisitos qualitativos. Logo, os critérios reais são subjetivos e discricionários, privilegiando os candidatos que detenham heranças de capitais simbólicos. O nepotismo é um sistema político que visa à perpetuação de interesses e privilégios de classe e à manutenção das estruturas de poder, e o espaço ideal para a sua manifestação ocorre quando a lei é omissa ou obscura. Existem tentativas de dirimir a prática do nepotismo do quinto constitucional por meio de normativas e decisões judiciais, mostram-se inócuas na prática, pois não cobrem toda a complexidade das relações de parentesco e compadrio que estão enraizadas no Judiciário. Os desembargadores pelo quinto do Tribunal de Justiça do Paraná são exemplos disso.
Coronelismo Eletrônico: relações assimétricas de poder no campo midiático paranaense
Authors: Zapani Andre Kron Marques
Published: June 2017

Este artigo visa analisar o conceito histórico-social seminal do coronelismo (Victor Nunes Leal), todavia em uma perspectiva comunicacional, tomando por base as convergentes e indissociáveis relações de poder e de hegemonia entre integrantes da sociedade política e agentes da sociedade civil paranaense, a partir da metade do século passado. A ressignificação desse conceito, Coronelismo Eletrônico (Suzy dos Santos e Sérgio Cappareli), configura um recente e difuso quadro de arranjos de empoderamento que tem nas práticas comunicacionais e, sobretudo, na disputa por concessões radiofônicas grandes elementos de barganha política. Cabe destacar, também, que esse “novo” protagonista sócio-político tem obtido projeções de direção e dominação nos campos midiático e político paranaense, em função, também, de um destacado e imbricado arranjo familial, a ser analisado neste artigo.
Os donos do Mar(anhão): herança política e poder local em um Estado brasileiro
Authors: Aragão Elthon Ranyere
Published: June 2017

Fruto de parte de tese de doutorado, o trabalho aborda diferentes dimensões de poder da família Sarney no Maranhão ao longo de meio século. Após ser eleito governador do Maranhão em 1965, José Sarney inicia um período chamado na literatura política local de sarneysísmo, no qual uma família deteve as mais privilegiadas posições de poder não apenas político, mas também em diferentes áreas sociais. Para tanto, alguns parentes foram fundamentais para a continuidade do processo, que se inicia por volta da década de 1950, com seu pai, o desembargador Araújo Costa. Dos três filhos de José Sarney, dois aventuram-se na esfera política, sendo Sarney Filho deputado federal por nove mandatos consecutivos e a filha, Roseana Sarney, eleita para os cargos de deputada federal, governadora do Maranhão e senadora da república. Atualmente, Adriano Sarney, neto do ex-presidente, é deputado estadual no Maranhão. Seu outro filho, Fernando Sarney, é o principal acionista do maior grupo de comunicação do estado, além de vice-presidente da região norte da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol. Outras áreas sociais também contam com componentes da família Sarney, como o judiciário, onde alguns indivíduos são juízes e, atualmente, Nelma Sarney é desembargadora do Tribunal de Justiça. Espraiando o poder por diversas esferas sociais, a família Sarney consegue o controle quase absoluto de um estado da federal por meio século, sempre tendo seus membros como artífices do processo de dominação.
“Heranças Políticas” no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Grill Igor Gastall
Published: June 2017

Conferência proferida na Mesa Redonda II – Família e classes sociais, realizada dia 18 de maio de 2017 no VIII Seminário Nacional de Sociologia e Política realizado em Curitiba na UFPR.
Factors influencing intention to continue employment in Japanese hospital nurses working at tertiary emergency medical facilities
Authors: Honda Kanako , Takamizawa Emiko
Published: June 2017

Objective: The study purpose was to investigate influencing factors related to nurses’ intention to continue employment in tertiary emergency medical facilities.Methods: A self-report questionnaire survey was conducted, and responses were collected by mail. We investigated seven factors associated with the intention to remain employed that were determined by preliminary research. Data were analyzed using a covariance structure analysis.Results: Of the 561 responses received, 461 were found to be valid for analysis. A model showing relationships among the five factors (organizational commitment, job stress, job satisfaction, nurse-physician collaboration, and intention to remain employed) was created. Organizational commitment and job stress were directly related to intention to continue employment, while, nurse-physician collaboration demonstrated effects on the entire model.Conclusions: The strongest factor observed was organizational commitment. The types of institutions examined in the present study almost exclusively treat seriously ill patients. This may explain why nurse-physician collaboration affected the entire model. In a tertiary emergency facility, a nurse can more easily play a critical role in the healthcare process. In the future, it will be important to consider these factors when creating an organizational climate conducive to continued employment.
Identification, Priorization and Management of Professional Football Clubs’ Stakeholders
Authors: Cicut Nicolas , Montchaud Sandra , Millereux Vincent , Dantin Pierre
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper is to analyze how professional football clubs manage relationships with their most important stakeholders and their multiple expectations in an efficient framework. Our analysis is based on a case study about ‘Olympique de Marseille’ (OM) – a recognized French club in Ligue 1 – from a participant observation. The period covers by the study mainly runs from 2004 to 2015. We adopt a two-step approach consisting first in identifying and prioritizing club stakeholders and then in analyzing the management set up for those who matter most. Stakeholders play an important part in the way club is managed, especially those defined as definitive given their power, legitimacy and urgency attributes. Relationships with the latter can take different forms from involvement to control. Moreover they do not always exist through pre-defined procedures insofar as a significant part of them remains informal. This study enriches the knowledge of the environment of professional football clubs by taking their stakeholders into account. Recommendations are made to improve their stakeholder management practices by considering the specific nature of each relationship, the importance of dialogue in the relationship, the articulation of the formal and informal dimensions of the relationship, the regularity of the relationship and the flexibility of the relationship.
БӨМБӨГӨРИЙН УЛААН ОМГИЙН ЯМААНЫ УДАМ ҮНДЭСЛЭГЧ УХНЫГ СОНГОСОН СУДАЛГААНЫ ЗАРИМ ҮР ДҮН
Authors: Л Отгонтуул , Ё Доржбат
Published: June 2017

Бөмбөгөрийн нутгийн улаан ямааны удам үндэслэгч ухныг галбир, бие цогцос, амьдын жин, биеийн хэмжээ, ноолуурын гарц, чанар зэрэг ашиг шимийн үзүүлэлтээр шалгаруулах улмаар үр төлийн чанараар нь үнэлж, цаашид удам дагуулсан үржүүлэг явуулах үндсийг тавихад судалгааны ажлын зорилго оршиж байв. Бөмбөгөрийн улаан омгийн ямаанд үржил селекцийн ажлыг шинжлэх ухааны үндэслэлтэй явуулж ямаан сүргийн үржил, ашиг шимт чанарыг бататган сайжруулахад цэвэр үржүүлгийн аргыг хэрэглэх түүний дотор удмын үржүүлэг явуулах нь үйлдвэрлэл, эрдэм шинжилгээний чухал ач холбогдолтой. Энэхүү судалгааны ажлын үр дүнд ишигний амьдын жин, биеийн хэмжээгээр шалгарсан 603032 дугаарын ухныг бие томтой удам үндэслэгчээр, ишигний ноолуурын гарц, уртын үзүүлэлт илүүтэй 602504 ухныг өтгөн ноолуурт удам үндэслэгчээр, ишигний ноолуурын голчийн үзүүлэлтээр бусдаасаа 3,4 хувиар бага 605985 дугаарын ухныг нарийн ноолуурт удам үндэслэгчээр тус тус тодруулан удмын үржүүлэгт ашиглах, удам дагуулсан үржүүлэг явуулах боломжтой болсон юм.
D-resolvability of vertices in planar graphs
Authors: Tilley James
Published: June 2017

It is well known that a vertex of degree 5 in a planar graph is not $D$-reducible. However, it remains an open question whether all vertices in such a graph are $D$-resolvable. If so, it would be a stronger result than mere 4-colorability. To investigate the question, we designed and implemented two algorithms, one to 4-color a planar graph and the other to generate internally 6-connected triangulations randomly. The coloring algorithm greedily obtains a $k$-coloring and then, if $k > 4$ (highly likely), transforms the $k$-coloring into a 4-coloring solely by means of Kempe exchanges (generally possible only if all vertices are $D$-resolvable). We used the random generator to test the coloring algorithm systematically in over 200,000 trials that included many tens of thousands of non-isomorphic graphs. We also tested the algorithm on the graphs of Errera, Kittell, Heawood and others. We encountered no failures in any of the tests.