bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATION AND VALIDATION OF PARACETAMOL, PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND CETIRIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE BY RP-HPLC IN BULK DRUG AND FORMULATION
Authors: Suryan A. L. , Bhusari V. K. , Rasal K. S. , Dhaneshwar S. R.
Published: January 2025

A HPLC method has been described for simultaneous determination of Paracetamol, Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and Cetirizine hydrochloride in formulation. This method is based on HPLC separation of the three drugs on the Thermo Hypersil Gold C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0µ), with isocratic conditions and mobile phase containing methanol: 0.01M disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate buffer [pH 7, adjusted with Ortho Phosphoric Acid (OPA)] (60: 40) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, using UV detection at 217 nm. This method has been applied to formulation without any interference of excipients of formulation. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed a good linear relationship over the concentration range of 0.4-1.4µg/ml for Paracetamol, 7-12µg/ml for Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and 5-10µg/ml for Cetirizine hydrochloride respectively. The mean values of the correlation coefficient, slope and intercept were 0.9993, 51489 and 5844.4 for Paracetamol, 0.9991, 23235 and 70540 for Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and 0.9990, 40416 and 93404 for Cetirizine hydrochloride respectively. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.2μg/ml and 0.4μg/ml for Paracetamol, 5μg/ml and 7μg/ml for Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and 4µg/ml and 5µg/ml for Cetirizine hydrochloride, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the method is repeatable and selective for the estimation of Paracetamol, Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and Cetirizine hydrochloride.
ANTI-ULCER EFFECT OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM LINN. AGAINST GASTRIC ULCERS IN RATS
Authors: Nigam Vijay , Paarakh Padmaa M
Published: January 2025

The effect of alcoholic extract of Chenopodium album Linn. (Chenopodiaceae) was investigated in rats to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity by using three models, i.e., pyloric ligation, ethanol and cold restraint stress induced ulcers. Ranitidine was used as reference standard. The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer activity were volume of gastric secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. The results indicate that the alcoholic extract significantly decreases the volume of gastric acid secretion, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index with respect to control. Sections of ulcerated area revealed that there was a significant increase in regenerated glandular epithelium width after treatment with the alcohol extract. The collagen content in the ulcerated tissue was significantly increased by alcohol extract and ranitidine, showing the maximum effect. No significant difference on capillary density in scar tissue was observed after treatment with alcohol extract or ranitidine.
THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC TRITICUM AESTIVUM LINN. (WHEAT GRASS) IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC DISEASES: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Singh N. , Verma P. , Pandey B. R.
Published: January 2025

Shoot of Triticum aestivum Linn. (Hindi Name- gehun, kanak, Sanskrit name- godhuma) is called as a wheat grass, belonging to family: Gramineae, which posses high chlorophyll content and essential vitamins, minerals, vital enzymes, amino acids, dietary fibers. Wheat grass has been shown to posses anti-cancer activity, anti-ulcer activity, antioxidant activity, anti-arthritic activity, and blood building activity in Thalassemia Major. It has been argued that wheat grass helps blood flow, digestion and general detoxification of the body. The major clinical utility of wheat grass in diseased conditions might be due to the presence of biologically active compounds and minerals in it and due to its antioxidant potential which is derived from its high content of bioflavonoids such as apigenin, quercitin, luteoline. Furthermore, indole compounds namely choline and laetrile present in it might be also responsible for its therapeutic potential. The presence of 70% chlorophyll, which is almost chemically identical to hemoglobin, in wheat grass makes it more useful in various clinical conditions involving hemoglobin deficiency and other chronic disorders. The present review article focuses onto various studies conducted on the use of wheatgrass in various disease conditions. Since very little clinical studies have been made on this very promising herbal drug, efforts are needed to conduct extensive studies on the wheat grass both in experimental models and human subjects to develop wheat grass therapy with no side effects in prevention, cure and management of chronic diseases for which our modern systems have lost their hopes.
3D QSAR STUDY ON ALPHA KETO AMIDE DERIVATIVES AS GP120-CD4 INHIBITORS
Authors: More Vinayak D. , Choudhari Prafulla B. , Dhavale Rakesh P. , Jadhav Swapnil D. , Bhatia Manish S.
Published: January 2025

The present communication deals with 3D QDAR analysis on series of Alpha keto amide derivatives some for the designing of new GP120-CD4 inhibitors with anti HIV activity. The four different QSAR models are generated using data set of 32 molecules as gp120-CD4 inhibitors from literature studies. The 3D QSAR result gives insights for understanding of the relationship between structural features of substituted alpha keto amide derivatives and their activities which should be useful to design newer potential anti-HIV agents.
PHYTOCHEMICAL EXAMINATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS AND THE SELECTED ISOLATED COMPOUNDS FROM ROOTS OF TRAGIA INVOLUCRATA LINN.
Authors: Panda Debashisha , Dash Santosh Kumar , Dash Gouri Kumar
Published: January 2025

A large number of medicinal plants have been used for years in daily life to combat diseases, world over. Presently herbs, embodied with due importance in healthcare system, create a herbal renaissance, spread with a greater speed throughout the world. The herbal products today symbolize safety in contrast to the synthetic drugs that are regarded as unsafe to human environment. Population rise, inadequate supply of drugs, prohibitive cost of treatments, side effects of several allopathic drugs and development of resistance to currently used drugs for infectious diseases, have led to increase emphasis on the use of plant materials as source of medicines for a wide variety of human ailments. It is therefore, essential to search for the efficacious plants of medicinal value for better manifestations. In the present study, the fresh roots of young matured plants of Tragia involucrata Linn. were selected for phytochemical and antimicrobial screening to justify the folklore uses of the plant parts in various microbial infections.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RELATED SUBSTANCES METHOD BY HPLC FOR ANALYSIS OF NAPROXEN IN NAPROXEN TABLET FORMULATIONS
Authors: Mehta Pakhuri , Sharma Chandra Shekhar , Nikam Deepak , Ranawat M. S.
Published: January 2025

A simple, selective, rapid, precise and isocratic reversed phase high-pressure liquid chromatography method has been developed and validated for estimation of related substances of Naproxen in pharmaceutical dosage form. It was performed on a YMC-ODS A Pack (5μ particles size) (250mm × 4.6mm) column using mobile phase containing Acetonitrile and 10 mM Ammonium acetate buffer pH 3.8 in ratio 550:450 v/v (pH 3.8 adjusted with acetic acid) at the flow rate 0.8 ml/min. Detection was performed at 254 nm and a sharp peak was obtained for Naproxen at a retention time at about 5.9 ± 0.01 min. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed there was a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range 0.25-3μg/ml; the regression coefficient was 1.000. The detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits were 0.13 and 0.25μg/ml respectively. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, and detection and quantification limits, in accordance with ICH guidelines. Statistical analysis proved the method was precise, reproducible, selective, specific, and accurate for analysis of Naproxen and its impurities. The wide linearity range, sensitivity, accuracy, short retention time, and simple mobile phase showed that the method is suitable for routine quantification of impurities in Naproxen in pharmaceutical dosage forms with high precision and accuracy.
DEVELOPMENT OF BETTER ANALOGS OF VALPROIC ACID FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY BY CADD
Authors: Mahto Manoj Kumar , Tripathi Jaya , R. Divya , Bhaskar M.
Published: January 2025

Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders occurring due to the abnormal functioning of the various receptors and enzymes in the central nervous system. Many potentials drugs were developed in recent times which act on ion channels like sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), chloride (Cl-), and receptors like GABA receptor and enzymes like GABA transaminase. Some drugs act as enzyme, ion channel inhibitors or blockers, and some drugs as receptor agonist like barbiturates, benzodiazepines acting on GABA receptors. In the present study performed computational techniques in order to develop better inhibitors for the enzyme GABA transaminase by modifying the terminal ‘methyl’ group of the Valproic acid structure with electrophilic, nucleophile and neutral pharmacophoric features. Molecular mechanics studies has been carried out for the analogs and protein – ligand interactions of these analogs was identified through docking studies using GOLD 4.1 software against the enzyme 4-aminobutyrate-aminotransferase(GABA transaminase). From the docking studies we found that replacement of methyl with amine, hydrogen and hydroxyl groups (hydrophilic groups), are showing better fitness than that of the valproic acid.
THE LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE: BASED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Syed Izhar Ahmed , Pavani E.
Published: January 2025

The “Liquisolid” technique is a novel and capable addition towards such an aims for solubility enhancement and dissolution improvement, thereby it increases the bioavailability. It contains liquid medications in powdered form. This technique is an efficient method for formulating water insoluble and water soluble drugs. This technique is based upon the admixture of drug loaded solutions with appropriate carrier and coating materials. The use of non-volatile solvent causes improved wettability and ensures molecular dispersion of drug in the formulation and leads to enhance solubility. By using hydrophobic carriers (non-volatile solvents) one can modify release (sustained release) of drugs by this technique. Liquisolid system is characterized by flow behavior, wettability, powder bed hydrophilicity, saturation solubility, drug content, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, in-vitro release and in-vivo evaluation. By using this technique, solubility and dissolution rate can be improved, sustained drug delivery systems be developed for the water soluble drugs.
NITRIC OXIDE: ROLE IN HUMAN BIOLOGY
Authors: Omer Nikhil , Rohilla Ankur , Rohilla Seema , Kushnoor Ashok
Published: January 2025

Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, possesses various modulatory effects on biological systems. NO is synthesized from L-arginine by converting it to L-citrulline via nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. Moreover, various precursors of NO have been reported that include arginine, citruline, arginine alphaketoglutarate (A-AKG) and arginineketoisocaproate (A-KIC). NO possess various direct and indirect effects that broadly affect various tissues and organ systems inside the body. The present review article aims to discuss about the pharmacology, physiological roles and effects of NO.
PHARMACOPHORE BASED SCREENING OF EPICATECHIN AGAINST COLON CANCER
Authors: Dhivya S. , Chinaga Sureshkumar , Vijayakumar Bommuraj , Narasimhan Srinivasan
Published: January 2025

The present study deals with Pharmacophore based analog generation of Epicatechin derivatives against the PKC-alpha receptor for treating colon cancer. The chemical features of Epicatechin were analyzed by catalyst - Hiphop algorithm and its derivatives were generated based on Epicatechin Pharmacophore using Minimaybridge commercial database. Two different Epicatechin Pharmacophore analogs were acquired by virtual screening and docked against the PKC-alpha for screening the protein binding affinity. The Pharmacophore result gives HTS01501 possess -3.514 Kcal /mol highest dock score as like as Epicatechin.
PRECISE AND ACCURATE RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR QUANTIFICATION OF VALSARTAN IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Kendre Meghraj D. , Banerjee Saurabh K.
Published: January 2025

A simple, precise, accurate and reproducible RP-HPLC method has been developed for determination of Valsartan in Tablet dosage form. A Perkin Elmer HPLC series 200 with software Perkin Elmer total chrome navigator was used. The C-18 (Kromasil, 250 × 4.6 mm) having particle size of 5µm was used. The gradient mobile phase was selected consisting of solution A ACN, solution B phosphate buffer of pH 3.5 added few drops of Triethylamine in of buffer solution. The run time of 10 min was selected. The mobile phase composition keep on varying up to the 10 min of run time. The flow rate of 1.0 ml/min was used and Perkin Elmer series 200 UV/VIS detector wavelength was set at 250 nm. The retention time of Valsartan was found to be 5.19 min. The percentage recovery was found to be up to 99% to nearly 100% and percentage RSD was found to be less than 2.0%. Proposed method was validated for precision, accuracy, linearity range, robustness and ruggedness. The method was successfully applied for quantitative determination of valsartan in tablet dosage form.
EVALUATION OF DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND REDUCING POWER OF FOUR SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR COMBINATIONS
Authors: Padmanabhan P. , Jangle S. N.
Published: January 2025

Reactive oxygen species [ROS] cause oxidative damage to the tissues and protection from such damages are provided by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Plant based antioxidants are preferred due to the multiple mechanisms of actions and of the phytochemicals present in them. 80% alcoholic extract of leaves of Aloe vera, Bacopa monniera, Moringa oleifera and rhizome of Zingiber officinale was tested individually and in combination in equal proportion of each extract for DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power. The results indicate that the combination of the extract has better DPPH scavenging action and reducing power compared to the individual plant extract indicating synergistic and supra additive effect of phytochemicals present in the extract.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF THIOCOLCHICOSIDE AND DEXKETOPROFEN IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Harde M. T. , Jadhav S. B. , Dharam D. L. , Chaudhari P. D.
Published: January 2025

Development and validation of two simple, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of Thiocolchicoside and Dexketoprofen in bulk and in tablet dosage form. The methods employed were Method-1 Absorbance correction method and Method-2 First order derivative spectroscopic method. In method-1 Absorbance is measured at two wavelengths 370nm at which Dexketoprofen has no absorbance and 255nm at which both the drug have considerable absorbance. In method-2, two wavelengths 232nm for Thiocolchicoside (zero cross for Dexketoprofen) and 242nm for Dexketoprofen (zero cross for Thiocolchicoside) were selected. The beers law obeyed in the concentration range 4-40µg/ml and 5-50µg/ml for Thiocolchicoside and Dexketoprofen respectively in methanol. The suggested method is validated by using ICH validation parameters like accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ respectively. Recovery study values of Thiocolchicoside and Dexketoprofen was found 99.8% and 100.2% respectively for both the methods. Standard deviation and RSD for intra-day and inter-day precision studies was found to be less than ± 2. The linearity coefficient was found 0.9996 at 242nm and 0.999 at 255 nm for Dexketoprofen and 0.9997 at both 232nm and 370nm for Thiocolchicoside. The LOD and LOQ for Method-1 were found to be 0.0067μg/ml and 0.020μg/ml for Thiocolchicoside, 0.043μg/ml and 0.132μg/ml for Dexketoprofen and for Method-2 were found to be 0.0093μg/ml and 0.028μg/ml for Thiocolchicoside, 0.055μg/ml and 0.168μg/ml for Dexketoprofen respectively. The developed methods were successfully applied to estimate the amount of Thiocolchicoside and Dexketoprofen in bulk and tablet dosage form.
CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY: A REVIEW ON PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Rohilla Ankur , Kumar Praveen , Rohilla Seema , Kushnoor Ashok
Published: January 2025

Cardiac hypertrophy has been considered as an important risk factor for cardiac morbidity and mortality whose prevalence has increased during the last few decades. Cardiac hypertrophy, a disease associated with the myocardium, is characterized by thickening of ventricle wall of heart and consequent reduction in the contracting ability of heart to pump the blood. Cardiac hypertrophy has been divided into two types, i.e. physiological and pathological hypertrophy. The exercise-induced increase in the ability of pumping blood leads to thickening of ventricle wall, referred to as physiological hypertrophy. On the other hand, reduced ability of pumping blood as a result of hypertension and volume overload on heart denotes pathological hypertrophy. Numerous mediators have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy that include mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase C (PKC) insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT/PKB, calcinurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The prevention strategy for cardiac hypertrophy involve thiazide diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin (Ang) II receptor blockers, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers. The present review article highlights the signaling mechanisms involved and the approaches required in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
LATEST TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES IN COSMACEUTICALS
Authors: Arora Nageen , Agarwal Shilpi , Murthy R. S. R.
Published: January 2025

World consumers are looking for personal care products that supply multiple benefits with minimal efforts. They also expect the latest technology advances to be incorporated into innovative formulations. The trend toward therapeutic cosmetics will lead to a better understanding of modern ingredients and their assessment techniques. To obtain skin care formulations with real consumer-perceivable benefits and to optimize sensory attributes, formulators are resorting to technology that until recently was exclusively used in cosmetic products. Various formulations comes under special delivery systems like Vesicular, Particulate systems, emulsions type Particulate type and other delivery systems along with their applications are shown in this article, as it results in an economic uplift of cosmetic industry in various parts of the world. Little evidence is seen that nanoparticles in cosmetics and sunscreen might be a problem at this time and its need is further explored for a better understanding of these novel technologies. Thus, novel cosmaceutical delivery systems reviewed here possess enormous potential as next-generation smarter carrier systems.
AYURVEDIC DRUGS IN PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF AGE RELATED COGNITIVE DECLINE: A REVIEW
Authors: Tiwari Satyendra Kumar , Pandey Yogesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

Age related cognitive decline is a term reserved for abnormal cognitive function less severe than dementia in person older than 50. It is considered as a prior condition to senile dementia. The term dementia signifies cognitive deterioration so severe that social and occupational functioning of an individual is markedly impaired to such an extent that he can no longer remain a fully independent and productive citizen. As the disease progresses, the personality of an individual also changes and subsequently, social withdrawal take a hold. Advanced dementia is characterized by progressive loss of personality and increasing disability to perform even a simplest task. According to World Health Organization, it is estimated that 5% of men and 6% of women of above 60 years of age affected with Alzheimer’s type of dementia worldwide. According to Alzheimer’s Disease International there are 35.6 million people living with dementia worldwide in 2010, increasing to 65.7 million by 2030 and 115.4 million by 2050. Degeneration of the cerebral neurons is one of the commonest and important causes of dementia with advancing age which leads to deterioration of quality of life in elderly. Therefore it is of prime importance to curb this progress of cognitive decline before it crosses the threshold to dementia. Ayuveda is full of evidences regarding use of single drugs or formulations in age related cognitive decline. The drugs either mentioned as Medhya rasayanas specifically or other having Medhya activity can be potentially used for prevention and management of age related cognitive decline.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF 2-[SUBSTITUTED ARYLIDEAMINO]-1, 3, 4-THIADIAZINO [6, 5B] INDOLES AND THEIR INCLUSION COMPLEXES WITH Β-CYCLODEXTRIN
Authors: Panda Sunakar , Tripathy Jagat Krushna , Panda Jnyana Ranjan
Published: January 2025

Inclusion complexes of 2-[Arylidenamino]-1, 3, 4-thiadiazino [6, 5b] indoles have been prepared with β-Cyclodextrin for increasing solubility in polar medium. The formation of inclusion complexes has been confirmed from the study of changes in physical and spectral properties of the compounds. The determination of thermodynamic stability constant and other thermodynamic properties indicates that the inclusion complexes are comparatively stable and their formation is thermodynamically allowed. Finally, the compounds and their inclusion complexes are screened for antioxidant activities and it is found that the inclusion complex formation increases the antioxidant activities significantly.
SYNTHESIS AND IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Kaur Navgeet , Aggarwal Ajay K. , Sharma Neha , Choudhary Balram
Published: January 2025

In the present work an easy access to a series of pyrimidines bearing a pyronyl side chain in the 4-position is described. These unreported compounds are obtained starting from commercially available dehydroacetic acid (DHA), aromatic aldehydes and S-benzylisothiouronium chloride (SBT). A series of compounds (3a-j) were prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activity. These synthesized compounds showed mild activity against gram +ve bacteria and very less activity against gram -ve bacteria. Compounds 3b, 3i, 3j showed mild activity against gram +ve Bacillus subtilis bacteria while against gram -ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa compound 3i showed minor activity.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF TAMARINDUS INDICA SEEDS
Authors: Suralkar Anupama A. , Rodge Kishor N. , Kamble Rahul D. , Maske Kanchan S.
Published: January 2025

In this study, we investigated the effects of methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica (TI) seeds on anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in vivo using rat as an animal model at the doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight. The anti-inflammatory activities were investigated by utilizing carrageenan induced paw edema in rat. The analgesic activity was examined against tail immersion method in rats. The results showed that TI significantly (p<0.01) reduced carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. In tail immersion method, methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica has shown significant (p<0.01) increase in reaction time of tail in water maintained at 55°C indicating analgesic activity. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and flavonoids. These results demonstrated that the methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica (TI) seed exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ASPIRIN AND PRASUGREL IN BINARY COMBINATION
Authors: Jain Deepak Kumar , Jain Nilesh , Verma Jitendra
Published: January 2025

A simple, reliable, rapid, precise, sensitive and validated RP-HPLC method has been developed to determine Aspirin and Prasugrel in synthetic mixture form. Chromatographic separation achieved isocratically on Luna C18 column (5µm, 150mm × 4.60mm) and acetonitrile: 0.05M ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.5) in the ratio of 75:25 (v/v) as the mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 245 nm. Parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, specificity and ruggedness are studied as reported in the ICH guidelines. The retention times for Aspirin and Prasugrel was found to be 2.25±0.5 and 8.72±0.5 min respectively. Linearity for Aspirin and Prasugrel was in the range of 75-375μg/ml and 10-50μg/ml respectively. The mean recoveries obtained for Aspirin and Prasugrel were 99.58 and 99.48 % respectively and RSD was less than 2. The correlation coefficients for all components are close to 1. Developed method was found to be accurate, precise, selective and rapid for simultaneous estimation of Aspirin and Prasugrel.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CETIRIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLETS
Authors: Wankhede S. B. , Lad K. A. , Chitlange S. S.
Published: January 2025

Without resolving mixtures of Cetirizine hydrochloride and Phenylephrine hydrochloride, simultaneous estimation has been successfully achieved by spectrophotometry. First method, simultaneous equation method employs formation and solving of mathematical simultaneous equation using 237.5 nm and 232.0 nm as the λmax of Phenylephrine hydrochloride and Cetirizine hydrochloride respectively in distilled water. Second method is first order derivative spectroscopy, wavelengths selected for quantitation were 232.0 nm for Phenylephrine hydrochloride (zero cross for Cetirizine hydrochloride) and 242.5 nm for Cetirizine hydrochloride (zero cross for Phenylephrine hydrochloride). These methods were validated as per ICH norms. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranges of 12-60 μg/ml for both drugs and for both methods. The validation study is statistically significant as all the statistical parameters are within the acceptance range (% RSD < 2.0 and S.D. < 2.0) for both accuracy and precision. The methods are successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulation, with no interference from excipients as indicated by the recovery study. The proposed methods are simple, rapid, economic and accurate for routine simultaneous estimation of Phenylephrine hydrochloride and Cetirizine hydrochloride. Simultaneous equation method was successfully applied to carry out dissolution study of commercial tablet formulation by using USP II dissolution test apparatus.
HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF CALYCOPTERIS FLORIBUNDA INDUCED BY STREPTOZOTOCIN IN RATS
Authors: Thalla Sreenu , Tammu Jyothibasu , Delhiraj N. , Kumar K. Suresh
Published: January 2025

The present investigation was carried out to study the hypoglycemic effects of the hydro-alcoholic (70:30) extract of Calycopteris floribunda, in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic model. Calycopteris floribunda, are reported to have medicinal and traditional values including hypoglycemic properties. Decreased blood glucose level of the test animals shows that the extract exhibit significant hypoglycemic activity when compared to diabetic control group, effect of various doses (100, 200 mg/kg, p.o) extract was studied on streptozotocin induced both diabetic and non diabetic rats. The results also indicated the dose dependent effect. The hypoglycemic activity produced by the extract may be due to increased uptake of glucose at the tissue level or by an increase in pancreatic beta cell function or due to inhibition of intestinal absorption of glucose. The present study supports the use of this herbal drug as hypoglycemic. The reduction in the glucose level in induced diabetic rats proved that Calycopteris floribunda having the hypoglycemic activity.
NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PEUCEDANUM GRANDE AGAINST ACUTE RENAL FAILURE INDUCED BY POTASSIUM DICHROMATE IN RATS
Authors: Aslam M , Dayal R , Javed K , Parray SA , Jetley S , Samim M
Published: January 2025

Peucedanum grande has been found to be associated with the several therapeutic properties. In the current study, we have used P. grande as an ameliorating agent against nephrotoxic effects of Potassium dichromate. Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) is a soluble hexavalent chromium compound that is extensively used in several industries. The rats were given pretreatment of P. grande orally at a dose of (60 and 120 mg/kg body weight) for five consecutive days 10 mg/kg b.wt was used as renal toxicant, and injected subcutaneously in the neck region in a volume of 1 ml/kg. The modulatory effects of P. grande on Potassium dichromate induced nephrotoxicity was investigated by assaying oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, serum kidney toxicity markers and by histopathological examination of kidney. P. grande pretreatment prevented deteriorative effects induced by Potassium dichromate through a protective mechanism that involved reduction of increased oxidative stress as well as by restoration of histopathological change against Potassium dichromate administration.
THE THE INFLUENCE OFTRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE,WORK MOTIVATION, EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE ANDPERCEIVED OF THE MEANINGFULNESS OF WORK
Authors: Br Ginting Ginka Febriyanti , Purwandari Dian Alfia , Anindita Rina
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeskplorasi pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap motivasi kerja, motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan motivasi sebagai mediasi,gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap persepsi kebermaknaan kerja, dan persepsi kebermaknaan kerja terhadap motivasi kerja. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey yang menyebarkan kuesioner secara online kepada 325 orang karyawan yang bekerja pada bagian staf administrasi di kantor pusat industri manufaktur di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Responden penelitian ini dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling.  Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Structural Equation Model (SEM).  Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan transformasional tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh terhadap motivasi kerja, motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap terhadap kinerja karyawan, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan motivasi sebagai mediasi, gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh terhadap persepsi kebermaknaan kerja, persepsi kebermaknaan kerja berpengaruh terhadap motivasi kerja.  Disarankan pada penelitian berikutnya dapat dilakukan analisis mengenai gaya kepemimpinan transformasional pada bidang atau sektor industri lain yang cakupan wilayahnya lebih luas. Kedua, dapat dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan melibatkan pekerja yang tidak hanya bekerja di kantor pusat sebagai pegawai administrasi tetapi juga melibatkan pekerja di bidang lain, seperti pegawai operasional lapangan di pabrik.
PENGARUH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, BRAND IMAGE, DAN BRAND LOVE TERHADAP BRAND LOYALTY RESTORAN FAST FOOD DI JAKARTA
Authors: Sumantri Drajat Roni , Pakpahan Arnolt Kristian
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh customer satisfaction, brand image, dan brand love terhadap brand loyalty pada restoran cepat saji di Jakarta. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada tingginya persaingan di industri restoran cepat saji dan pentingnya memahami faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan di tengah berbagai pilihan yang tersedia. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner online yang disebarkan kepada individu yang telah melakukan transaksi dan mengonsumsi produk dari berbagai restoran cepat saji di Jakarta setidaknya tiga kali dalam tiga bulan terakhir. Dengan menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dan teknik purposive sampling, sebanyak 210 responden berhasil dikumpulkan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan bantuan software AMOS 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif customer satisfaction, brand image, dan brand love terhadap brand loyalty.
Analisis Produktivitas dan Income Over Feed Chick Cost (IOFCC) Ayam Ras Pedaging yang Dipelihara dalam Kondisi Heat Stress Menggunakan Kunyit (Curcuma domestica) pada Air Minum
Authors: Candra A A , Putri D D , Oktyana S N
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the productivity of broilers kept in heat stress conditions by giving drinking water mixed with turmeric (Curcuma domestica). This research was conducted in the Lampung State Polytechnic cage and carried out in February 2024. In this study using the experimental method by comparing the turmeric treatment group as much as 500 mg / kg of chicken body weight which will be compared with the group without treatment (control). The results of the research on the provision of drinking water given turmeric (Curcuma domestica) to broilers kept in heat stress conditions have not been able to optimize the effectiveness of broiler productivity and have not been able to increase the effectiveness of Income Over Feed Chick Cost (IOFCC) with the results of the heat stress index declared dangerous.
NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN GROUND BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) FROM KHABAROVSKY KRAI
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, Sundukov Yu. N. , Kuberskaya O. V. ,   Federal State-Funded Institution “Zapovednoye Priamurye”, Khabarovsk, 680000, Russia,   E-mail: leonika-00@mail.ru 3) Institute of Water and Ecology Problems Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, 680000, Russia
Published: January 2025

Information on nineteen new or little-known species of ground beetles found
in Khabarovsky Krai is presented. Of these, eleven species (Acupalpus inornatus Bates, 1873,
Agonum gratiosum (Mannerheim, 1853), A. suavissimum (Bates, 1883), Bembidion stenoderum
Bates, 1873, B. umiatense Lindroth, 1963, Eotrechodes larisae Uéno, Lafer et Sundukov, 1995,
Loxoncus circumcinctus (Motschulsky, 1858), Odacantha hagai Nemoto, 1989, Oodes integer
Semenov, 1889, Stenolophus connotatus Bates, 1873, and Trichotichnus nishioi Habu, 1961)
are newly recorded from Khabarovsky Krai. The records of eight species form Khabarovsky
Krai are supported by additional material.
Variación de la Clorofila a al suroriente de isla Margarita (Venezuela) durante 17 años (2002-2018) y su relación con el recurso sardina
Authors: Gómez Gaspar Alfredo , Mata Ernesto , Gómez Olga , Criales Hernández María Isabel
Published: January 2025

En Venezuela, la isla de Margarita tiene importancia pesquera por la sardina Sardinella aurita, especie con mayores volúmenes de captura nacionales. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la variación de la clorofila a (Cl. a) al sureste de isla Margarita durante 17 años y su relación con el recurso sardina. Durante julio/2002 a diciembre/2018, cada 15 días se colectaron muestras de agua en profundidad de 1 y 20 m utilizando botellas Van Dorn (capacidad 2,5 l) para determinar la temperatura y concentración de Cl. a. Se colectaron 1324 muestras considerando los períodos de surgencia (enero-mayo) y de relajación (junio-diciembre). Se encontró homogeneidad en tres grupos de años: 2002 a 2004 con concentraciones de Cl. a entre 2,60 y 3,09 mg/m3; 2005 a 2013 y 2018 entre 0,59 y 2,28 mg/m3 y 2014 a 2017 entre 3,13 a 3,37 mg/m3. Las concentraciones de Cl. a ma altas coinciden con las mayores capturas de sardina, mientras que las más bajas se determinaron en años de crisis sardinera (2005 a 2013). La concentración de Cl. a es mayor a 20 m de profundidad y durante períodos de surgencia, excepto en años 2013 y 2018. Desde 2005 la temperatura promedio anual aumento ~2 °C y la captura de sardina disminuyó drásticamente; sin embargo, los promedios anuales más altos 27,26 y 27,54 °C fueron en 2016 y 2017, cuando ocurrió relativa recuperación de capturas. Se mencionan posibles causas de crisis sardinera venezolana.
La cuantificación, origen y distribución de hidrocarburos alifáticos en sedimento marino de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas islas Pachacamac y Asia.
Authors: Noriega Pacheco Diana , Villegas Apaza Piero , Neira Ursula
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la concentración, origen y distribución espacial de hidrocarburos alifáticos en zonas donde se realiza actividades de pesca y turismo en Áreas Naturales Protegidas Isla Pachacamac e Isla Asia (IPA). Las actividades de pesca y turismo generan tránsito de embarcaciones motorizadas que emplean derivados de petróleo, por lo tanto, existe riesgo de contaminación por fuga o derrame de hidrocarburos. La identificación de hidrocarburos se realizó mediante análisis de laboratorio en muestras de sedimento marino. La distribución espacial de hidrocarburos se realizó con el método de interpolación “Distancia Inversa Ponderada”. Como resultado se identificó una estación de isla Asia con contaminación moderada. El resto de estaciones muestreadas no presentaron contaminación por hidrocarburos, sin embargo, el 94,1% y 66,6% de hidrocarburos encontrados en las zonas evaluadas de Isla Pachacamac e Isla Asia respectivamente, son de origen antrópico. La predominancia de hidrocarburos de origen antrópico en ambas islas puede ser indicativo de contaminación a largo plazo por efectos de acumulación. Se determinó que la mayor concentración de hidrocarburos en IPA está en zonas donde se realiza actividades de pesca y turismo, y la menor concentración está en zonas donde no se realizan estas actividades.
Perbedaan Kadar Hepsidin pada Remaja Putri Anemia dan Non Anemia
Authors: Pasalina Putri Engla , Sari Nirmala , Devita Hendri
Published: January 2025

Anemia dialami oleh 32 % remaja Indonesia, artinya 3-4 dari 10 remaja menderita anemia. Jika anemia pada masa remaja tidak teratasi maka akan berkembang menjadi anemia kehamilan yang berdampak pada outcome ibu dan bayi baru lahir bahkan meningkatkan risiko stunting. Hepsidin adalah hormon kunci yang mengatur homeostasis besi sistemik sebelum besi didistribusikan dan disimpan sebagai cadangan (ferritin). Pengukuran hepsidin mampu membedakan Anemia Penyakit Kronis dan Anemia Defisiensi Besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kadar hepcidin antara remaja putri anemia dan non anemia. Penelitian ini berjenis observasional analitik dengan pendekatan komparatif cross sectional. Sampel yang diteliti adalah mahasiswi usia remaja akhir di Universitas Baiturrahmah Padang. Kriteria inklusi: tidak merokok, tidak ada riwayat hemogobinopati, tidak ada riwayat penyakit ginjal, tidak ada riwayat diabetes melitus. Sampel berjumlah 36 orang diambil dengan teknik sekuensial sampling, terdiri dari 18 sampel anemia dan 18 sampel non anemia. Kadar hepsidin merupakan kadar yang diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran serum hepcidin-25 responden yang diukur dengan metode Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Mann Whitney karena data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar hepsidin pada kelompok anemia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kadar hepsidin pada kelompok non anemia (0,43±0,1 ng/ml vs 0,4,6±0,09 ng/ml. Namun secara statistik Hasil uji menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar hepsidin pada kelompok anemia dan kelompok tidak anemia (p=0,43). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar hepsidin dengan anemia pada remaja putri. Disarankan agar dilakukan pengembangan penelitian mengenai hepsidin dan biomarker lainnya yang mempengaruhi kerja hepsidin serta perlunya pertimbangan pemeriksaan hepsidin dalam mendiagnosis anemia.
THE ACTIVITY OF FREE RADICAL PROCESSES IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH LICHEN PLANUS ERYTHEMATOSUS OF THE ORAL MUCOSA
Authors: Zagorodnya E. B. , Ushnitsky I. D. , Yurkevich A. V. , Suvyrina M. B. , Zagorodny A. S. , Ivanova O. P.
Published: January 2025

This research says that lichen ruber planus (LRP) has a wide range of clinical manifestations in the oral cavity, where the main morphological element of the lesion is papular rashes accompanied by inﬂammatory and proliferative processes. At the same time, the etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of development are currently not fully understood. In many pathological conditions of the body, oxidative stress plays a leading role in the mechanism of damage to the structure of cell membranes, violation of their permeability, which is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species, which have a pronounced reactive effect. For the state of oxidative stress (OS), ﬁrst of all, it is typical to have an imbalance in the ratio of the pro- and antioxidant systems in the direction of strengthening the former, which possibly contributes to the development of inﬂammatory and destructive lesions in the COPR with CPL. The aim of the study was to study the activity of free radical processes in the blood serum of patients with CPL COPR for a selective approach to the appointment of corrective therapy. Materials and methods of research. The study of biochemiluminescence parameters was carried out in 66 recipients with CPL SOPR, age group from 35 to 65 years and a control group that included 33 people of similar age, without clinical manifestations of diseases of SOPR. The intensity of free radical processes in blood serum was assessed by chemiluminescence (CML) using the LS 50B “PERKIN ELMER” spectrometer. Spontaneous, Fe2+-induced and H2O2-initiated chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol was recorded. The obtained data were displayed in relative units. Results. The obtained results by the method of chemiluminescence (CML) in serum in recipients with clinical LRP manifestations in the oral cavity determine the dynamic characteristic of intensiﬁcation of free-radical processes. At the same time, actual data on the weakening of the antioxidant protection systems barrier (Ssp, h, Sind-1, Slum, H and Sind-2) were revealed compared to similar data of the control group. Discussion. CML indicators reﬂect an increase in the production of free radicals of a lipid nature and a weakening of the antioxidant barrier in individuals with CPL COPR, which indicates the development of OS in the body as a whole. Conclusion. Taking into account the development of the state of systemic OS in CPL COPR, it is justiﬁed to correct it in a timely manner by including antioxidants in the general treatment complex to reduce the duration of manifestations of lesions and to provide a positive effect of the therapy.
COURSE OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS D IN THE INDIGENOUS POPULATION OF THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Zamorshchikova O. M. , Sleptsova S. S. , Sleptsov S. S.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of studying viral hepatitis D is associated with the increasing prevalence of the disease worldwide and an aggressive clinical course compared to other parenteral hepatitis. The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is a territory of the Russian Federation with a high level of prevalence of hepatitis D virus among the indigenous population. While effective antiviral therapy does not cover all patients in need, chronic HDV-infection leads to the rapid formation of disabling forms of liver disease. The aim of the work was to study the clinical and laboratory features of the course of HDV-infection among the indigenous population of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for further use of data in the development of a prognostic model to identify the risk of severe course such as HD-cirrhosis of the liver. We examined 157 patients at different stages of the disease: 71 men and 86 women, aged between 22 and 77 years, with the average age at 48 ± 10.5 years. It was found that 30.6 % of chronic hepatitis proceeds without severe liver ﬁbrosis; 56.1 % of patients have cirrhosis; and 13.3 % have hepatocarcinoma. Liver cirrhosis develops on average 6.8 years after detection of anti-HDV. Epidemiologically signiﬁcant risk factors for severe course are a history of acute hepatitis B (p=0.038) and intrafamilial contact (p=0.02). The study of the clinical and laboratory picture showed an increase in the severity of the patients’ condition with the formation of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Mixed replication of HBV/HDV was signiﬁcantly more often (p<0.001) observed in patients with cirrhosis and HCC. The overall mortality rate among patients was 17.8 % and the main cause of death was progressive liver failure.

Conclusion: The territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is unfavorable in terms of the prevalence of chronic forms of HDV infection. The analysis conﬁrmed a high risk of developing severe ﬁbrosis among the indigenous population in 69 %, which requires strengthening measures for the early diagnosis of complications, as well as increasing the coverage of antiviral treatment for patients in the region.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ENTEROVIRUS MENINGITIS IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST
Authors: Popov A. F. , Kolpakov S. L. , Ivanis V. A. , Tumanova N. S. , Bondar G. N.
Published: January 2025

The article presents data on the prevalence of enterovirus meningitis in the Far Eastern Federal District for the period from 2010 to 2023. Enterovirus meningitis was registered in all territories of the Far Eastern Federal District. The maximum incidence rates were detected in Khabarovsk Krai. The maximum indicators for Khabarovsk Krai, statistically exceeding all subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, are probably the result of effective laboratory diagnostics, and not the presence of additional risk factors for the development of the epidemic process. Sakhalin Oblast ranked second, followed by Jewish Autonomous Oblast. In addition, clinical manifestations of enterovirus infection in the form of meningitis were steadily formed only in Primorsky Krai and Amur Oblast. These subjects can be considered as endemic for enterovirus infection, clinically manifested by meningitis. There are no grounds to classify Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast, Kamchatka Krai and the Sakha Republic as endemic for enterovirus infection manifested by meningitis. In some years, the proportion of enterovirus meningitis ranged from 8 to 58 % of enterovirus infection. Enteroviruses Echo (53.2 %), Coxsackie A (29.8 %) and Coxsackie B (17 %) were isolated from patients. No statistical association of enterovirus meningitis with certain serotypes of the pathogen was revealed. The main age groups of patients with enterovirus meningitis in the period from 2017 to 2022 were children of 3-6 years of age and 7-14-year-old schoolchildren. In the structure of computer patients, they accounted for 28.7-45.2 % and 39.3-62.6 %, respectively. A small proportion of cases (up to 3.4 %) occurred in children under the age of one year. From 3.1 to 14.2 % of the cases were represented by 1-2-year-old children. Persons aged 15-17 years accounted for 0.1-8.3 % of cases in the age structure of computer disease. The long-term dynamics of the incidence of enterovirus meningitis in endemic territories was characterized by the presence of cyclicity.