bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food Bloggers on the Twitter Social Network: Yummy, Healthy, Homemade, and Vegan Food
Authors: Pilař Ladislav , Pilařová Lucie , Chalupová Martina , Kvasničková Stanislavská Lucie , Pitrová Jana
Published: September 2022

Many people now consider social networking to be an indispensable tool. There are now over 4.6 billion social media users, who leave a digital footprint through their online interactions. These big data provide enormous research potential for identifying the social and cultural aspects of the monitored topic. Moreover, the use of social media platforms has been found to have an impact on eating habits. The analysis of these social networks is thus essential to understand the factors that influence eating habits. To this aim, we identified the main topics associated with food bloggers on Twitter using the Social Media Analysis based on the Hashtag Research Framework of 686,450 Tweets captured from 171,243 unique users from 1 January 2017 to 30 May 2022. Based on the analysis of communication on Twitter, the most communicated hashtags in the food blogger sphere were as follows: #yummy, #healthy, #homemade, and #vegan. From the point of view of communities, three major clusters were identified, including (1) healthy lifestyle, (2) home-made food, and (3) fast food, and two minor clusters were identified, namely, (4) breakfast and brunch and (5) food traveling.
Characteristics, Health Risk Assessment, and Transfer Model of Heavy Metals in the Soil—Food Chain in Cultivated Land in Karst
Authors: Yang Liyu , Wu Pan , Yang Wentao
Published: September 2022

Heavy metal(loid) contamination of farmland is a crucial agri−environmental problem that threatens food safety and human health. In this study, we examined the contamination levels of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr) in farmland and foods (rice, maize, and cabbage) in the core of Asia’s largest karst region and assessed the potential health risks of consumption of these three foods. In addition, we developed a predictive transfer model of heavy metals in the soil−food chain through multiple regression equations. The results reveal that the soil heavy metals in the study area showed high accumulation characteristics, and the average concentration exceeded the national background value by 1.6−130 times, among which Cd pollution was the most serious. The order of contamination of the three soils in the study area was cabbage land > maize land > rice land. The order of potential risk of toxic elements in all three soils was Cd > Hg > As > Pb > Cr. The results of the risk assessment of agricultural consumption indicated a high carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk for the local population. The top contributor to carcinogenic risk was Cr, followed by As. Cd is the major noncarcinogenic contributor in maize and cabbage, and the noncarcinogenic contribution in rice is mainly caused by As. The risk was higher in children than in adults and was the highest for rice consumption. In addition, the predictive transfer model showed that the Cd levels in the three foods showed sufficient predictability and reasonable simulations of Cd concentrations in rice, maize, and cabbage throughout the study area. It could allow decision-making on the need for remediation strategies to reduce the risk of metal contamination of agricultural land in potentially high−risk areas of karst.
GC–MS Untargeted Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Four Red Grape Varieties (Vitis vinifera L. cv) at Different Maturity Stages near Harvest
Authors: Gu Xiaobo , Zhang Xue , Wang Keqing , Lv Xi , Li Ruyi , Ma Wen
Published: September 2022

Grape volatile compounds directly determine the aroma quality of wines. Although the aroma profile of grapes evolved greatly at different maturity stages, there were less considerations for aroma status when determining grape harvest time. In the present study, several maturation indicators, namely, sugars/acids ratio, free volatile compounds, bound volatile compounds and IBMP (3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine) content were monitored in four red wine grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Gernischet, Cabernet Franc and Merlot) near harvest time (42 days) in Ningxia, China. The results showed that the highest sugars/acids ratio was reached on day 21 and day 28 for Merlot and the other three varieties, respectively. For both free and bound volatile compounds, the content of carbonyl compounds decreased continuously in the process of ripening. The contents of free alcohols, esters and terpenes increased in the ripening stage and decreased in the stage of over-ripening. The accumulation of favorable bound aroma compounds peaked at day 35. The content of IBMP presenting a green smell in all four varieties descended continuously and kept steady from day 28. Therefore, the present findings revealed that the best aroma maturity time of four studied grape varieties was later than the sugars/acids ratio in Ningxia region. Aroma maturity should be taken into account during harvest time determination.
Genetic Diversity and Potential Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Originating from Polish Artisanal Cheeses
Authors: Pyz-Łukasik Renata , Paszkiewicz Waldemar , Kiełbus Michał , Ziomek Monika , Gondek Michał , Domaradzki Piotr , Michalak Katarzyna , Pietras-Ożga Dorota
Published: September 2022

Artisanal cheeses can be sources of Listeria monocytogenes and cause disease in humans. This bacterial pathogen is a species of diverse genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. The aim of the study was to characterize 32 isolates of L. monocytogenes isolated in 2014–2018 from artisanal cheeses. The isolates were characterized using whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The artisanal cheese isolates resolved to four molecular groups: 46.9% of them to IIa (1/2a-3a), 31.2% to IVb (4ab-4b-4d-4e), 12.5% to IIc (1/2c-3c), and 9.4% to IIb (1/2b-3b-7). Two evolutionary lineages emerged: lineage II having 59.4% of the isolates and lineage I having 40.6%. The sequence types (ST) totaled 18: ST6 (15.6% of the isolates), ST2, ST20, ST26, and ST199 (each 9.4%), ST7 and ST9 (each 6.3%), and ST1, ST3, ST8, ST16, ST87, ST91, ST121, ST122, ST195, ST217, and ST580 (each 3.1%). There were 15 detected clonal complexes (CC): CC6 (15.6% of isolates), CC9 (12.5%), CC2, CC20, CC26, and CC199 (each 9.4%), CC7 and CC8 (each 6.3%), and CC1, CC3, CC14, CC87, CC121, CC195, and CC217 (each 3.1%). The isolates were varied in their virulence genes and the differences concerned: inl, actA, LIPI-3, ami, gtcA, aut, vip, and lntA.
Research Progresses on the Physiological and Pharmacological Benefits of Microalgae-Derived Biomolecules
Authors: Yu Zhou , Hong Yan , Xie Kun , Fan Qingsheng
Published: September 2022

Microalgae are a kind of photoautotrophic microorganism, which are small, fast in their growth rate, and widely distributed in seawater and freshwater. They have strong adaptability to diverse environmental conditions and contain various nutrients. Many scholars have suggested that microalgae can be considered as a new food source, which should be developed extensively. More importantly, in addition to containing nutrients, microalgae are able to produce a great number of active compounds such as long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, pigments, alkaloids, astaxanthin, fucoidan, etc. Many of these compounds have been proven to possess very important physiological functions such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor functions, regulation of the metabolism, etc. This article aimed to review the physiological functions and benefits of the main microalgae-derived bioactive molecules with their physiological effects.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Lactobacillus paracasei TK1501 and Its Application in the Biosynthesis of Isoflavone Aglycones
Authors: Xie Yufeng , Wang Yingxue , Han Yang , Zhang Jing , Wang Shumei , Lu Shuwen , Wang Haikuan , Lu Fuping , Jia Longgang
Published: September 2022

Lactobacillus strains are considered safe and healthy probiotics for manufacturing “natural food” products; this is due to their ability to produce bioactive compounds that reduce the incidence of various human diseases. Lactobacillus paracasei TK1501 is a novel probiotic strain isolated from naturally fermented congee; and can produce a high yield of genistein, one of the most widely studied isoflavone aglycones with plenty of physiological functions. To better understand the molecular basis of isoflavone aglycones biosynthesis, the complete 2,942,538 bp genome of L. paracasei TK1501 was sequenced and assembled; a group of genes that are involved in isoflavone aglycones production were identified. Of note, a β-glucosidase was analyzed in the L. paracasei TK1501. Moreover, we also found that L. paracasei TK1501 could be used in soymilk fermentation; which would remarkably increase the contents of genistein, daidzein, and glycitein. This work was meaningful to the application of L. paracasei TK1501 and the molecular mechanism analysis of isoflavone aglycones biosynthesis in Lactobacillus strains.
Hawthorn Juice Simulation System for Pectin and Polyphenol Adsorption Behavior: Kinetic Modeling Properties and Identification of the Interaction Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Li Meijiao , Zhao Wen , Gao Zhe , Wu Mengying , Zhou Tong , Wu Chen , Zhou Kaixuan , Han Xue , Zhou Qian
Published: September 2022

The interaction between polyphenols and polysaccharides plays an important role in increasing the turbidity stability of fruit juice and improving unpleasant sensory experiences. The binding adsorption behavior between hawthorn pectin (HP) and polyphenols (epicatechin and chlorogenic acid) accorded with the monolayer adsorption behavior driven by chemical action and were better fitted by pseudo-second order dynamic equation and Langmuir model. The HP binding sites (Qm) and adsorption capacity (Qe) to epicatechin were estimated at 75.188 and 293.627 μg/mg HP, respectively, which was about nine and twelve times higher than that of chlorogenic acid. The interaction between HP and polyphenols exhibited higher turbidity characteristics, particle size and lower zeta potential than epicatechin and chlorogenic acid alone. Meanwhile, according to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, it could be speculated that the interaction between HP and polyphenols resulted in chemical combination. Moreover, ΔH < 0 and TΔS < 0, which indicated that the interaction between HP and polyphenols was mainly driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces.
Intelligent Hydrogels in Myocardial Regeneration and Engineering
Authors: Doescher Christian , Thai An , Cha Ed , Cheng Pauline V. , Agrawal Devendra K. , Thankam Finosh G.
Published: September 2022

Myocardial infarction (MI) causes impaired cardiac function due to the loss of cardiomyocytes following an ischemic attack. Intelligent hydrogels offer promising solutions for post-MI cardiac tissue therapy to aid in structural support, contractility, and targeted drug therapy. Hydrogels are porous hydrophilic matrices used for biological scaffolding, and upon the careful alteration of ideal functional groups, the hydrogels respond to the chemistry of the surrounding microenvironment, resulting in intelligent hydrogels. This review delves into the perspectives of various intelligent hydrogels and evidence from successful models of hydrogel-assisted treatment strategies.
Nanoemulsion-Based Hydrogels and Organogels Containing Propolis and Dexpanthenol: Preparation, Characterization, and Comparative Evaluation of Stability, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Properties
Authors: Sevinç-Özakar Rukiye , Seyret Emrah , Özakar Emrah , Adıgüzel Mehmet Cemal
Published: September 2022

Recently, nanoemulsion-based gels have become very popular for dermal drug delivery, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional semi-solid drug forms. The aim of this study is to prepare and characterize nanoemulsion-based hydrogels and organogels containing combined propolis and dexpanthenol, and to compare their stability, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity properties. Within the scope of characterization studies, organoleptic properties, drug content, morphology, pH, gel-sol conversion temperature, spreadability, viscosity, FT-IR, and release properties were evaluated in hydrogels and organogels. The characterization studies carried out were subjected to short-term stability evaluation at room temperature and refrigerator for 3 months. While no phase separation was observed in any of the formulations kept in the refrigerator, phase separation was observed in four formulations kept at room temperature. The release study successfully obtained an extended release for propolis and dexpanthenol. In the antimicrobial susceptibility study, Hydrogel 1 showed activity against S. aureus, while Organogel 1 showed activity against both S. aureus and S. epidermidis. In the cytotoxicity study against HDFa cells, both Hydrogel 1 and Organogel 1 were found to be nontoxic at low doses. These hydrogels and organogels, which contain propolis and dexpanthenol in combination for the first time, are promising systems that can be used in wound and burn models in the future.
An Attempt to Relate Oleogel Properties to Wax Ester Chemical Structures
Authors: Brykczynski Henriette , Hetzer Birgit , Flöter Eckhard
Published: September 2022

Wax esters are considered to have a dominant contribution in the gelling properties of wax-based oleogels. To understand their gelling behavior, oleogels of seven different wax esters (total carbon number from 30 to 46; c = 10% [m/m]) in medium-chain triglycerides oil were characterized. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that wax esters crystallize in rhombic platelets with a thickness of 80 to 115 monomolecular layers. Bright field microscopy showed that the regularity and face length of the crystals increased with the total carbon number and molecular symmetry of the respective wax ester. Oscillatory rheology was used to characterize the gel rigidity (Gmax*). Here, wax ester oleogels with smaller total carbon numbers yielded higher Gmax* values than those of wax esters with higher total carbon numbers. The gel rigidity (Gmax*) inversely correlated with the crystal face length. Smaller and optically less well-defined platelets promoted higher gel rigidities. In the case of the microstructure of a specific oleogel composition being manipulated by a variation in the cooling rates (0.8; 5; 10 K/min), this relationship persisted. The information compiled in this manuscript further elucidates the crystallization behavior of wax esters in oleogels. This contributes to the understanding of the composition–structure–functionality relationship of wax-based oleogels supporting future food applications.
Revisiting Svenskby, Southeastern Finland: Communications Regarding Low-Magnitude Earthquakes in 1751–1752
Authors: Mäntyniemi Päivi B.
Published: September 2022

This investigation examines the contemporary documentation of a sequence of low-magnitude earthquakes at the fringes of the Kingdom of Sweden, today Southeastern Finland, in 1751–1752. A total of 11 pages of original correspondence sent from the target village of Svenskby to the Swedish capital Stockholm are reviewed. Newspaper accounts from Sweden and Russia are included in the analysis, and a timeline of the reporting is constructed. A newly created catalog shows over 30 distinct events between the end of October and December 1751 (Julian calendar). The assignment of macroseismic intensity to the earthquakes is hampered by loud acoustic effects that accompany and/or constitute the observations. Maximum intensities are assessed at IV–V (European Macroseismic Scale 1998), and maximum macroseismic magnitudes in the range of MM1.9–2.4, and were probably observed at short epicentral distances close to the ground surface. Comparisons to macroseismic data related to instrumentally recorded earthquakes in the region support the notion of low magnitudes. The data from 1751 provide an analog to modern macroseismic observations from geothermal stimulation experiments. Such experiments have acted as a spur for considering seismic risk from low-magnitude earthquakes whose consequences have seldom previously been a matter for concern.
Unraveling Crimes with Geology: As Geological and Geographical Evidence Related to Clandestine Graves May Assist the Judicial System
Authors: Somma Roberta , Costa Nunzio
Published: September 2022

The geological and geographical evidence related to crime scenes involving clandestine graves is valuable data to consider during judicial investigations because it can provide useful criminological and criminalistic information. Research results on the nature and main features of historical cases and thirty criminal burials are reported. Among the studied cases, a recent homicide clandestine grave was analyzed through remote sensing. This latter allowed the definition of GIS-based RAG maps and search priority scenarios and ascertain that the study grave fell in a high priority Red coded area, validating a method previously based only on simulated crime scenes.
Nurses’ Perspectives on Smoking Policies, Safety and Cessation Support in Psychiatric Wards: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Chawłowska Ewelina , Karasiewicz Monika , Marcinkowska Katarzyna , Giernaś Bogusz , Jóźwiak Paulina , Lipiak Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

A high prevalence of smoking and low rates of smoking cessation interventions can be observed in psychiatric wards. A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was performed in five hospitals among 107 psychiatric ward nurses. The aim was to investigate nurses’ views on patients’ smoking practices and their influence on the safety of both the patients and medical personnel. In addition, we asked about the availability of smoking cessation support. Most of the respondents noticed the negative impacts of smoking on patients and medical personnel. Nearly a third of our respondents (29.0%) recalled smoking-related accidents in their facilities. In 45.2% of these accidents, a patient set someone else on fire. Around one fifth of nurses had rather permissive attitudes towards tobacco use in hospital wards. Significant associations were identified between respondents’ smoking status and their opinions on amending smoking policies and on unsupervised smoking. Regarding professional help available to smoking patients, 88.8% of participants reported that interventions to address smoking were available in their wards. Psychiatric hospitalisation can be an opportunity to offer tobacco treatment to patients with mental health conditions. To make use of this opportunity, smoke-free policies need to be put in place and hospital personnel, particularly nurses, should be trained and equipped with the knowledge and skills needed to assist in the smoking care of psychiatric ward patients.
Quality of Life and Aesthetic Satisfaction in Patients Who Underwent the “Commando Operation” with Pectoralis Major Myocutaneus Flap Reconstruction—A Case Series Study
Authors: Ivkovic Natalija , Martinovic Dinko , Kozina Slavica , Lupi-Ferandin Slaven , Tokic Daria , Usljebrka Mislav , Kumric Marko , Bozic Josko
Published: September 2022

The “commando operation” is an extensive surgical procedure used to treat patients with oral squamous carcinoma and metastasis in the cervical lymph nodes. While the procedure can be curative, it is also very mutilating, which consequently has a major impact on the patient’s quality of life. Several studies showed that the procedure is associated with loss of certain functions, such as impairments in speech, chewing, swallowing, and loss of taste and appetite. Furthermore, some of these impairments and their degree depend on the reconstruction method. However, the data regarding the functional impairments and aesthetic results in patients who underwent the “commando operation” along with the pectoralis major myocutaneus flap reconstruction are still inconclusive. This study included 34 patients that underwent partial glossectomy, ipsilateral modified radical neck dissection, pectoralis major myocutaneus flap reconstruction, and adjuvant radiotherapy. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate aesthetical results and functional impairments as well as to grade the level of satisfaction with the functional and aesthetic outcomes both by the patients and by the operator. Most of the patients stated that their speech (N = 33; 97%) and salivation (N = 32; 94.2%) severely changed after the operation and that they cannot chew (N = 33; 97%) and swallow (N = 33; 97%) the same as before the operation. Moreover, almost half of the patients (N = 16; 47%) reported that they have severe sleep impairments. However, only few of the included patients stated that they sought professional help regarding the speech (N = 4; 11.7%), eating (N = 5; 14.7%), and sleeping (N = 4; 11.7%) disturbances. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between the operator and the patients in the subjective assessment of the aesthetic results (p = 0.047), as operators gave significantly better grades. Our results imply that this procedure and reconstructive method possibly cause impairments that have an impact on the patients’ wellbeing. Moreover, our outcomes also suggest that patients should be educated and rehabilitated after the “commando operation” since most of them were reluctant to seek professional help regarding their impairments. Lastly, sleep deficiency, which was observed after the procedure, should be further explored.
Impacts of Physical Exercise and Media Use on the Physical and Mental Health of People with Obesity: Based on the CGSS 2017 Survey
Authors: Wang Han , Yang Yang , You Qingqing , Wang Yuwei , Wang Ruyue
Published: September 2022

Obesity has become a common chronic disease in many countries around the world. People with obesity, as a minority, deserve more social attention. Currently, there are few studies on the health level of people with obesity from the perspective of social influencing factors. This study examines the effects of the frequency of physical exercise and frequency of use of different media types on the level of physical and mental health in people with obesity. In addition, we explore the mediating effect of physical exercise frequency on the relationship between online media use frequency and the mental health of people with obesity. The participants are 882 patients with obesity from the 2017 China General Social Survey (CGSS). The results show that: (1) Online media use was a possible positive predictor of physical health improvement among people with obesity. (2) Physical exercise was a possible positive predictor of mental health improvement among people with obesity. (3) Physical exercise played an entirely mediating role between online media use and mental health. The study is conducive to understanding the relationship and mediating mechanism between physical exercise, media use, and physical and mental health in people with obesity. The results of this study can provide suggestions for improving the health and well-being of people with obesity. Future research could explore more aspects of physical activity (e.g., the methods for physical exercise) and media use (e.g., media preference or compulsive use). More variables can be included in the study of influencing factors of the physical and mental health of people with obesity.
Factors Associated with Home Health Aides’ Turnover Intention and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Long-Term Care Services
Authors: Hsu Wei , Yang Fang-Chu
Published: September 2022

Background: The elderly and disabled population has rapidly increased in the world, and the demand for long-term care is also increasing. Home nursing care services are the main service demand. However, the high turnover rate of home health aides has led to a continuous shortage of staff, which affects the quality of care provided. Objective: This research established a model based on the theory of reasoned action to explore the relationships among home health aides’ work engagement, job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and organizational citizenship behavior for long-term care providers. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire was sent to 455 participants, and 402 (response rate 88.4%) took part in the study. The goodness-of-fit test and path analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed model. Results: Through the goodness-of-fit test of SEM, it was found that the data results have a good model fit. The results of path analysis displayed that home health aides’ work engagement and job satisfaction had a significantly negative impact on turnover intention and a significantly positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior; turnover intention had a significantly negative impact on organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: This research deduces the theory of reasoned action has sufficient explanatory power for the home health aides’ turnover intention and provides evidence that home health aides’ work engagement and job satisfaction reduce their turnover intention and promote organizational citizenship behavior.
Impact of COVID-19 on Patients’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Dental Health Services: A Questionnaire Based Study in an Australian University Dental Clinic
Authors: Azam Hashim , Agilan Niesha , Pitigala Pulina , Gupta Anjaneya , Fung Julian , Miller Catherine M. , Adegboye Oyelola , Sharma Dileep
Published: September 2022

COVID-19, the global pandemic, has significantly interrupted the provision of oral health care to many individuals. This study aims to evaluate patients’ attitudes to and perceptions of dental visits in the COVID-19 pandemic and assess if socio-economic status influences their perception of risk associated with dental visits. Patients attending the dental clinic were invited to participate in this study by completing a questionnaire administered in August 2021. Composite indicators for access, attitude, perception and socio-economic status were created based on subsets of questions. A total of 247 completed questionnaires were obtained. Analysis was performed with the perception, attitude and access indicators against the socio-economic status indicator. This study found that there is a statistically significant difference between socio-economic groups and their attitudes and perceptions around dental health care services in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals from lower socio-economic status groups were less influenced by the pandemic. Participants from higher socio-economic status groups were found to be more cautious around COVID-19 and its risks.
Sharing Visual Narratives of Diabetes on Social Media and Its Effects on Mental Health
Authors: Hussain Syed Ali
Published: September 2022

Diabetes is a chronic illness affecting over six percent of the global population. Visual social media sites such as Tumblr provide a unique opportunity to understand visual illness narratives of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and its effects on mental health. We qualitatively analyze 259 Tumblr images with a “diabetes” hashtag. The results provide rich insights into the lives of diabetes patients, including personal and social life interactions, visual narratives portraying one’s acceptance and maintenance of diabetes, difficulty in social interactions, and how patients’ identity and beliefs are shaped by the daily struggles and failures of living with diabetes. We discuss the findings in the context of the chaos, quest, and restitution narratives of illness proposed by Arthur Frank. The results have implications for the visual representation of chronic diseases on social media and for improving patient–provider interactions and treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.
Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Its Clinical Correlates among Chinese University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jia Nan , Sakulsriprasert Chaiyun , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Suradom Chawisa , O’ Donnell Ronald
Published: September 2022

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is common among young adults. Related studies showed a wide range of prevalence among university students. Few studies regarding BPD symptoms and their correlations with different variables have been reported in the Chinese population. A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted on a sample of university students in China between November 2021 and January 2022. Sociodemographic questionnaires, the Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (SI-Bord), the 18-item Experience in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R-18), the Meaning In Life Questionnaire (MLQ), the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Resilience Inventory (RI-9) were completed. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation methods. Among 767 participants, mean age was 20.33 ± 1.495 years, and the majority were males (53.5%). According to the SI-Bord’s cut-off score >7, BPD symptoms were found in 17.5% of participants. Attachment anxiety, avoidance, depression, perceived stress, lack of meaning in life, resilience and self-esteem were significantly correlated with BPD symptoms with r’s of 0.473, 0.180, 0.451, 0.481, −0.148, −0.238 and −0.388, respectively (all p’s < 0.01). The prevalence of BPD symptoms is high among Chinese university students and significantly associated with mental health outcomes, suggesting that an early detection of BPD symptoms is necessary for this population.
New Objects, Questions, and Methods in the History of Mathematics
Authors: Boucard Jenny , Morel Thomas
Published: September 2022

This article sums up recent developments in the history of mathematics. The range of mathematics considered has considerably broadened, expanding well beyond the traditional field of original research. As new topics have been brought under consideration, methodologies borrowed from neighboring academic fields have been fruitfully put into use. In the first section, we describe how well-known questions—about the concept of proof and the nature of algebra—have been reconsidered with new questions and analytical concepts. We then sketch up some of the new research topics, among others the history of mathematical education, the inclusion of actors previously neglected, and the prominent role of bureaucracies in the cultural development of mathematics. The last section briefly retraces the development of the Zilsel thesis as a case study illustrating the previous points. Introduced in the mid-20th century, the theory that early modern craftsmen once played a decisive role in the mathematization of nature has recently led to very diverse fruitful studies about the nature and development of mathematical knowledge.
Intercropping Gramineae Herbage in Semiarid Jujube Cultivar ‘LingwuChangzao’ (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. LingwuChangzao) Orchard Improves Productivity, Plant Nutritional Quality, and Soil Quality
Authors: Wang Xiaojia , Cao Bing , Zou Jin , Xu Aiyun , Feng Xuerui
Published: September 2022

Forest-grass intercropping has great advantages in exploiting the potential of biological resources, improving the productivity of agriculture. Nevertheless, research on intercropping of ‘LingwuChangzao’ (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. LingwuChangzao) with Gramineae herbage is less frequently reported. In this study, we measured the land equivalent ratio (LER), the nutritional quality of fruit and forage, and soil properties when ‘LingwuChangzao’ jujube was intercropped with Gramineae herbage compared to when grown in a corresponding monoculture, using clean tillage as a control. The results indicated that ‘LingwuChangzao’ jujube/Gramineae herbage intercropping significantly improved the LER in the system, the appearance traits, and the quality of jujube fruit (e.g., the total soluble solids, soluble sugar, vitamin C, anthocyanin, and flavonoids). Conversely, some nutritional quality indicators, such as dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and neutral detergent fiber of forage, were lower than the corresponding monoculture. The physical properties in the soil improved with increased soil water content, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, etc. Further, intercropping systems had significant effects on soil organic carbon fractions and most of the C-N cycling enzyme activities. Redundancy analyses (RDA) revealed that electrical conductivity and total nitrogen were the dominant soil factors that influenced the C-N cycling enzyme activities and four soil organic carbon fractions correlated with C-N cycling soil enzyme activities. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that ‘LingwuChangzao’ jujube/Gramineae herbage intercropping significantly altered C-N cycling enzyme activities by driving the soil physicochemical properties and soil organic carbon fractions. Our findings show how to improve the productivity of ‘LingwuChangzao’ jujube and they provide insights into the mechanisms underlying healthy, biodiverse soils in agroecosystems.
Training, Wellbeing and Recovery Load Monitoring in Female Youth Athletes
Authors: Temm Dani A. , Standing Regan J. , Best Russ
Published: September 2022

Participation in youth sports is ever-increasing, along with training and competition demands placed upon youth athletes. Young athletes may experience high training loads due to playing several sports, as well as participating in school physical education. Therefore, monitoring youth athlete load is an emerging area of research that may help limit non-functional overreaching, injury, or illness and assist with long-term athlete development. This narrative review highlights that multiple measures have been explored to monitor both internal and external load. However, the validity, reliability and practicality of these measures are often not fully understood in female youth populations. The most commonly used external monitoring methods are GPS tracking and TRIMP whereas common internal monitoring tools are questionnaires, perceived exertion rating and heart rate measures. The reporting of injuries and menstrual cycles is also crucial for providing completeness when monitoring an athlete. It has been suggested that the combination of training load, recovery and wellbeing monitoring variables is the optimal way to monitor an athlete’s fatigue levels. Whichever monitoring method is applied, in a youth population it is important that the protocol can be individualised, is inexpensive and can be easily implemented and reported so that the monitoring is sustainable.
From White Collar to Influencer Marketing? How Banks Can Reach Young Customers
Authors: Walzhofer Nicole , Riekeberg Marcus , Follert Florian
Published: September 2022

Banks distribute intangible services, so that traditional marketing instruments are often limited concerning their effectiveness to reach new clients, especially teenagers and young adults. With respect to this relevant practical problem, we used survey data for the relevant group (n = 302) in Austria to investigate whether influencer marketing could be a banking strategy to reach the young generation. Due to the particular complexity of a financial product, we assume that the credibility and trustworthiness of an influencer can lead to respondents being more willing to engage with financial products. Based on our survey results, we can provide first evidence that influencer marketing also has untapped potential for banks. Although our respondents revealed a certain skepticism towards this form of marketing, the results indicate a weak positive correlation between influencer marketing, customer engagement with the subject of financial products and ultimately the purchase of financial products. In this respect, our results are of particular interest to decision-makers in banks. However, they are also relevant for the whole of society. If influencer marketing works for financial products, then other topics that are particularly sensitive, e.g., health care, could be addressed accordingly.
Identification of Loci Governing Agronomic Traits and Mutation Hotspots via a GBS-Based Genome-Wide Association Study in a Soybean Mutant Diversity Pool
Authors: Kim Dong-Gun , Lyu Jae Il , Kim Jung Min , Seo Ji Su , Choi Hong-Il , Jo Yeong Deuk , Kim Sang Hoon , Eom Seok Hyun , Ahn Joon-Woo , Bae Chang-Hyu , Kwon Soon-Jae
Published: September 2022

In this study, we performed a genotyping-by-sequencing analysis and a genome-wide association study of a soybean mutant diversity pool previously constructed by gamma irradiation. A GWAS was conducted to detect significant associations between 37,249 SNPs, 11 agronomic traits, and 6 phytochemical traits. In the merged data set, 66 SNPs on 13 chromosomes were highly associated (FDR p < 0.05) with the following 4 agronomic traits: days of flowering (33 SNPs), flower color (16 SNPs), node number (6 SNPs), and seed coat color (11 SNPs). These results are consistent with the findings of earlier studies on other genetic features (e.g., natural accessions and recombinant inbred lines). Therefore, our observations suggest that the genomic changes in the mutants generated by gamma irradiation occurred at the same loci as the mutations in the natural soybean population. These findings are indicative of the existence of mutation hotspots, or the acceleration of genome evolution in response to high doses of radiation. Moreover, this study demonstrated that the integration of GBS and GWAS to investigate a mutant population derived from gamma irradiation is suitable for dissecting the molecular basis of complex traits in soybeans.
CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement
Authors: Liu Hua , Chen Wendan , Li Yushu , Sun Lei , Chai Yuhong , Chen Haixia , Nie Haochen , Huang Conglin
Published: September 2022

The rapid growth of the global population has resulted in a considerable increase in the demand for food crops. However, traditional crop breeding methods will not be able to satisfy the worldwide demand for food in the future. New gene-editing technologies, the most widely used of which is CRISPR/Cas9, may enable the rapid improvement of crop traits. Specifically, CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology involves the use of a guide RNA and a Cas9 protein that can cleave the genome at specific loci. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has rapidly become the most widely used tool for editing animal and plant genomes. It is ideal for modifying the traits of many plants, including food crops, and for creating new germplasm materials. In this review, the development of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the underlying mechanism, and examples of its use for editing genes in important crops are discussed. Furthermore, certain limitations of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and potential solutions are described. This article will provide researchers with important information regarding the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology for crop improvement, plant breeding, and gene functional analyses.
FgCsn12 Is Involved in the Regulation of Ascosporogenesis in the Wheat Scab Fungus Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Jiang Hang , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Wanshan , Cao Xinyu , Xu Huaijian , Liu Huiquan , Qi Junshan , Jiang Cong , Wang Chenfang
Published: September 2022

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum, is a destructive disease worldwide. Ascospores are the primary inoculum of F. graminearum, and sexual reproduction is a critical step in its infection cycle. In this study, we characterized the functions of FgCsn12. Although the ortholog of FgCsn12 in budding yeast was reported to have a direct interaction with Csn5, which served as the core subunit of the COP9 signalosome, the interaction between FgCsn12 and FgCsn5 was not detected through the yeast two-hybrid assay. The deletion of FgCSN12 resulted in slight defects in the growth rate, conidial morphology, and pathogenicity. Instead of forming four-celled, uninucleate ascospores, the Fgcsn12 deletion mutant produced oval ascospores with only one or two cells and was significantly defective in ascospore discharge. The 3′UTR of FgCsn12 was dispensable for vegetative growth but essential for sexual reproductive functions. Compared with those of the wild type, 1204 genes and 2240 genes were up- and downregulated over twofold, respectively, in the Fgcsn12 mutant. Taken together, FgCsn12 demonstrated an important function in the regulation of ascosporogenesis in F. graminearum.
Singularity and Commonality in Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Lung and Colon Cell Models
Authors: Meshcheryakova Anastasia , Zimmermann Philip , Salzmann Martina , Pietschmann Peter , Mechtcheriakova Diana
Published: September 2022

The systemic nature of COVID-19 with multiple extrapulmonary manifestations of disease, largely due to the wide tissue expression of SARS-CoV-2 major entry factors, as well as the patient-specific features of COVID-19 pathobiology, determine important directions for basic and translational research. In the current study, we addressed the questions of singularities and commonalities in cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 and related SARS-CoV on the basis of compendium-wide analysis of publicly available transcriptomic datasets as part of the herein implemented multi-modular UNCOVIDING approach. We focused on cellular models attributed to the epithelial cells of the respiratory system, the Calu-3 cell line, and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, the Caco-2 cell line, infected with either SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV. Here, we report the outcome of a comparative analysis based on differentially expressed genes in terms of perturbations and diseases, Canonical pathways, and Upstream Regulators. We furthermore performed compendium-wide analysis across more than 19,000 mRNASeq datasets and dissected the condition-specific gene signatures. Information was gained with respect to common and unique cellular responses and molecular events. We identified that in cell lines of colon or lung origin, both viruses show similarities in cellular responses; by contrast, there are cell type-specific regulators that differed for Calu-3 and Caco-2 cells. Among the major findings is the impact of the interferon system for lung Calu-3 cells and novel links to the liver- and lipid-metabolism-associated responses for colon Caco-2 cells as part of the extrapulmonary pathomechanisms in the course of COVID-19. Among differently expressed genes, we specifically dissected the expression pattern of the APOBEC family members and propose APOBEC3G as a promising intrinsic antiviral factor of the host response to SARS-CoV-2. Overall, our study provides gene expression level evidence for the cellular responses attributed to pulmonary and gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19.
The Comparative Experimental Study of Sodium and Magnesium Dichloroacetate Effects on Pediatric PBT24 and SF8628 Cell Glioblastoma Tumors Using a Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model and on Cells In Vitro
Authors: Damanskienė Eligija , Balnytė Ingrida , Valančiūtė Angelija , Lesauskaitė Vaiva , Alonso Marta Marija , Stakišaitis Donatas
Published: September 2022

In this study, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 inhibition with dichloroacetate (DCA) was explored as an alternative cancer therapy. The study’s aim was to compare the effectiveness of NaDCA and MgDCA on pediatric glioblastoma PBT24 and SF8628 tumors and cells. The treatment effects were evaluated on xenografts growth on a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane. The PCNA, EZH2, p53, survivin expression in tumor, and the SLC12A2, SLC12A5, SLC5A8, CDH1, and CDH2 expression in cells were studied. The tumor groups were: control, cells treated with 10 mM and 5 mM of NaDCA, and 5 mM and 2.5 mM of MgDCA. The cells were also treated with 3 mM DCA. Both the 10 mM DCA preparations significantly reduced PBT24 and SF8624 tumor invasion rates, while 5 mM NaDCA reduced it only in the SF8628 tumors. The 5 mM MgDCA inhibited tumor-associated neoangiogenesis in PBT24; both doses of NaDCA inhibited tumor-associated neoangiogenesis in SF8628. The 10 mM DCA inhibited the expression of markers tested in PBT24 and SF8628 tumors, but the 5 mM DCA affect on their expression depended on the cation. The DCA treatment did not affect the SLC12A2, SLC12A5, and SLC5A8 expression in cells but increased CDH1 expression in SF8628. The tumor response to DCA at different doses indicated that a contrast between NaDCA and MgDCA effectiveness reflects the differences in the tested cells’ biologies.
Mechanochemical Transformations of Polysaccharides: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akopova Tatiana A. , Popyrina Tatiana N. , Demina Tatiana S.
Published: September 2022

Taking into consideration the items of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), this study reviews application of mechanochemical approaches to the modification of polysaccharides. The ability to avoid toxic solvents, initiators, or catalysts during processes is an important characteristic of the considered approach and is in line with current trends in the world. The mechanisms of chemical transformations in solid reactive systems during mechanical activation, the structure and physicochemical properties of the obtained products, their ability to dissolve and swell in different media, to form films and fibers, to self-organize in solution and stabilize nanodispersed inorganic particles and biologically active substances are considered using a number of polysaccharides and their derivatives as examples.
Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Regulates Angiogenesis and Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Gan Ana-Maria , Tracz-Gaszewska Zuzanna , Ellert-Miklaszewska Aleksandra , Navrulin Viktor O. , Ntambi James M. , Dobrzyn Pawel
Published: September 2022

New blood vessel formation is a key component of the cardiac repair process after myocardial infarction (MI). Hypoxia following MI is a major driver of angiogenesis in the myocardium. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is the key regulator of proangiogenic signaling. The present study found that stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) significantly contributed to the induction of angiogenesis in the hypoxic myocardium independently of HIF1α expression. The pharmacological inhibition of SCD activity in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and SCD knockout in an animal model disturbed the expression and secretion of proangiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor-A, proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and Rantes), metalloproteinase-9, and platelet-derived growth factor in ischemic cardiomyocytes. These disturbances affected the proangiogenic potential of ischemic cardiomyocytes after SCD depletion. Together with the most abundant SCD1 isoform, the heart-specific SCD4 isoform emerged as an important regulator of new blood vessel formation in the murine post-MI myocardium. We also provide evidence that SCD shapes energy metabolism of the ischemic heart by maintaining the shift from fatty acids to glucose as the substrate that is used for adenosine triphosphate production. Furthermore, we propose that the regulation of the proangiogenic properties of hypoxic cardiomyocytes by key modulators of metabolic signaling such as adenosine monophosphate kinase, protein kinase B (AKT), and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α depends on SCD to some extent. Thus, our results reveal a novel mechanism that links SCD to cardiac repair processes after MI.