bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“It’s like I was out there by myself”: The receipt of reentry support among HIV-infected formerly incarcerated individuals in New York City
Authors: Rowell-Cunsolo Tawandra L. , Hu Gloria , Haile Rahwa
Published: March 2020

Background

In the U.S., approximately one in seven HIV-infected individuals experience incarceration at least once in their lifetime. While HIV-infected individuals experience positive health outcomes during periods of incarceration, they tend to experience treatment disruption as they return to their community after custody which results in poor health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the transitional support received from the Department of Corrections during the reentry period.

Methods

We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 HIV-infected formerly incarcerated individuals in New York City. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Three researchers performed line-by-line reading of the transcripts to identify dominant codes and themes that emerged. A mixture of deductive and inductive techniques was used to identify patterns that emerged in the data.

Results

Most of the participants were male and racial and ethnic minorities. There were five dominant themes that emerged during our analysis: 1) variations in the quantity of antiretroviral medication received during transition; 2) linkages to community-based physical health care providers was not well-coordinated; 3) insufficient housing and social resources; 4) structural and social challenges to post-release well-being; and 5) family as a source of resilience.

Conclusions

Discharge support planning should include sufficient medication to prevent treatment disruption and a more comprehensive approach to linkage to community-based healthcare services. Such planning should also include thorough pre-release assessments to identify appropriate levels of support needed, including employment and housing assistance, which will be useful for resource allocation. Broadening public health partnerships may also increase availability and promote accessibility to the most appropriate healthcare services and programs, which may provide better opportunities to receive coordinated care and ensure continuity of care. Finally, ties to family members and other loved ones should be leveraged to help facilitate the achievement of optimal health outcomes among this population.
A comparative analysis of machine learning methods for emotion recognition using EEG and peripheral physiological signals
Authors: Doma Vikrant , Pirouz Matin
Published: March 2020

Emotion recognition using brain signals has the potential to change the way we identify and treat some health conditions. Difficulties and limitations may arise in general emotion recognition software due to the restricted number of facial expression triggers, dissembling of emotions, or among people with alexithymia. Such triggers are identified by studying the continuous brainwaves generated by human brain. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from the brain give us a more diverse insight on emotional states that one may not be able to express. Brainwave EEG signals can reflect the changes in electrical potential resulting from communications networks between neurons. This research involves analyzing the epoch data from EEG sensor channels and performing comparative analysis of multiple machine learning techniques [namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Logistic Regression and Decision Trees each of these models] were tested with and without principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction. Grid search was also utilized for hyper-parameter tuning for each of the tested machine learning models over Spark cluster for lowered execution time. The DEAP Dataset was used in this study, which is a multimodal dataset for the analysis of human affective states. The predictions were based on the labels given by the participants for each of the 40 1-min long excerpts of music. music. Participants rated each video in terms of the level of arousal, valence, like/dislike, dominance and familiarity. The binary class classifiers were trained on the time segmented, 15 s intervals of epoch data, individually for each of the 4 classes. PCA with SVM performed the best and produced an F1-score of 84.73% with 98.01% recall in the 30th to 45th interval of segmentation. For each of the time segments and “a binary training class” a different classification model converges to a better accuracy and recall than others. The results prove that different classification models must be used to identify different emotional states.
Nutrition in RMDs: is it really food for thought? Focus on rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alunno Alessia , Nikiphorou Elena , Philippou Elena , Daien Claire , Wiek Dieter , Kouloumas Marios , Cutolo Maurizio
Published: March 2020

Background

The relationship between food and health is known since the antiquity and in the field of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), mainly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a large number of studies has been published over the last 50 years encompassing different aspects of nutrition. This led to postulate a role of nutrients for both primary prevention of RMDs in the general population and secondary prevention of disease flares and complications in patients with an established RMD.

Main body of abstract

We aimed to summarise and critically discuss current evidence on the role of different nutrients and dietary regimens in RMDs with a focus on RA. Over the last years, some seminal papers proved that some compounds, such as salt, can directly modulate the immune system and large epidemiological studies have been linking dietary patters with the risk to develop RMDs. However, physicians’ knowledge about the role of diet in disease prevention and treatment is often poor and ultimately diet is rarely perceived as a companion of pharmacological treatment.

Conclusions

Based on the currently available evidence, we are not (yet?) in the phase of putting diet on the same level as pharmacological treatment in RMDs and in particular, RA, but future studies will likely shed additional light on this controversial topic and at least might suggest a value as dietary prevention of risk factors.
Evaluation of low cryptococcal antigen titer as determined by the lateral flow assay in serum and cerebrospinal fluid among HIV-negative patients: a retrospective diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Wang Xuan , Cheng Jia-Hui , Zhou Ling-Hong , Zhu Jun-Hao , Wang Rui-Ying , Zhao Hua-Zhen , Jiang Ying-Kui , Huang Li-Ping , Yip Ching-Wan , Que Chun-Xing , Zhu Min , Zhu Li-Ping
Published: March 2020

Cryptococcosis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. Although the cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) lateral flow assay (LFA) has been widely used in clinical settings due to its high sensitivity and specificity, the diagnostic value of a low CrAg LFA titers remains unclear. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of 149 HIV-negative patients with low CrAg LFA titers (≤1:10) in a Chinese tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2017, to evaluate the diagnostic value of low CrAg LFA titers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at different thresholds. Sensitivity and specificity of low CrAg LFA titers in patients with definitive diagnoses of cryptococcosis were 39.6% (95% CI, 29.7–50.1%) and 100% (95% CI, 69.2–100%), respectively, at a threshold of 1:10 in serum. A sensitivity of 72.9% (95% CI, 62.9–81.5%) and a decreased specificity of 70.0% (95% CI, 34.8–93.3%) were observed at a threshold of 1:5 in serum. No false-positive cases were identified in patients with low CrAg titers in CSF and all positive predictive values (PPVs) were 100%. Among the cases with low serum CrAg titers, lumbar puncture was performed in 97 patients and positive CSF CrAg titers were reported in 6 patients. In conclusion, the results of this study imply that low CrAg LFA titer, either in serum or CSF, is crucial for early diagnosis of cryptococcosis in HIV-negative patients, and lumbar puncture is recommended to be performed routinely for CSF testing when a positive low serum titer is reported. Cryptococcal meningitis should be considered seriously when the CSF CrAg titer is positive.
Intensity noise as a driver for transverse mode instability in fiber amplifiers
Authors: Stihler Christoph , Jauregui Cesar , Kholaif Sobhy E. , Limpert Jens
Published: March 2020

The effect of transverse mode instability (TMI) is currently the main limitation for the further average-power scaling of fiber laser systems with diffraction-limited beam quality. In this work a main driving force for TMI in fiber amplifiers is identified. Our experiments and simulations illustrate that the performance of fiber laser systems in terms of their diffraction-limited output power can be significantly reduced when the pump or seed radiation exhibit intensity noise. This finding emphasizes the fact that the TMI threshold is not only determined by the active fiber but, rather, by the whole system. In the experiment an artificially applied pump intensity-noise of 2.9% led to a reduction of the TMI threshold of 63%, whereas a similar seed intensity-noise decreased it by just 13%. Thus, even though both noise sources have an impact on the TMI threshold, the pump intensity-noise can be considered as the main driver for TMI in saturated fiber amplifiers. Additionally, the work unveils that the physical origin of this behavior is linked to the noise transfer function in saturated fiber amplifiers. With the gained knowledge and the experimental and theoretical results, it can be concluded that a suppression of pump-noise frequencies below 20 kHz could strongly increase the TMI threshold in high-power fiber laser systems.
Can we really teach cognitive behavioral therapy with a massive open online course?
Authors: Gargot Thomas , Arnaoutoglou Nikitas A. , Costa Tiago , Sidorova Olga , Liu-Thwaites Natasha , Moorey Stirling , Hanon Cécile
Published: March 2020

A better training in psychotherapy is needed for psychiatry trainees. Online Cognitive Behavioural Therapies (CBT) could be a good solution. Free and wide audience course like Massive Open Online course (MOOCs) increase dissemination and accessibility of the training. However, the engagement needs to be improved. A hybrid approach seems relevant with the MOOC as an incentive. Beyond the promotion of the topic, a MOOC can be a promotion tool for the provider. The economic model of the MOOC needed to be taken into account to allow sustainability. To explore these elements, we take into account a survey taken during the 1st European Psychiatric Association MOOC about CBT.
Use of Optimal Evidence-Based Anticancer Drug Regimens in Physician Offices Versus Hospital Outpatient Facilities
Authors: Fishman Ezra , Fisch Michael J. , Liu Ying , Barron John J. , Nguyen Ann , Sylwestrzak Gosia
Published: March 2020

PURPOSE:

Cancer care has increasingly shifted from physician offices (MDOs) to hospital-based outpatient departments (HOPDs). This study compared the proportion of patients receiving optimal, evidence-based anticancer drug regimens and the cost of care when administered in these sites.

METHODS:

Patients with breast, lung, or colorectal cancer were identified from a large health insurance database. Anticancer drug regimens were considered on pathway when they were on the payer’s program list of optimal regimens when administered. Anticancer drug–related costs included all patient- and plan-paid costs on claims for anticancer drugs over the 6-month postindex period; total per-patient costs were summed over all claims in that period.

RESULTS:

A total of 38,140 patients (MDO, n = 18,998; HOPD, n = 19,142) were included. On-pathway status was similar in HOPDs (59.5%; 95% CI, 58.6% to 60.4%) versus MDOs (60.8%; 95% CI, 59.8% to 61.8%; P = .069). HOPDs had substantially higher costs. Adjusted cancer drug–related costs were $63,763 (95% CI, $62,301 to $65,224) for HOPDs versus $36,500 (95% CI, $35,729 to $37,271) for MDOs ( P < .001); adjusted total costs were $115,843 (95% CI, $113,642 to $118,044) for HOPDs versus $77,346 (95% CI, $76,072 to $78,620) for MDOs ( P < .001). For Medicare Advantage, adjusted total costs were $61,812 for HOPDs compared with $62,769 for MDOs; adjusted drug-related costs were $31,610 for HOPDs compared with $33,168 for MDOs. For commercial insurance, total costs were $119,288 for HOPDs compared with $77,613 for MDOs; drug-related costs were $65,930 for HOPDs compared with $36,366 for MDOs.

CONCLUSION:

Total and cancer drug–related per-patient costs were higher in HOPDs versus MDOs, but on-pathway status was similar. The cost differential between HOPDs and MDOs was driven by commercially insured members rather than Medicare Advantage members.
Beyond Xenophilia
Authors: Perl Jeffrey M.
Published: March 2020

This essay, by the editor of Common Knowledge, responds to a piece by Dionigi Albera that, in turn, responds to Jeffrey Perl’s introduction, published in May 2017, to CK’s multipart symposium on xenophilia. Albera argues that the ambivalence that Perl observes in many instances of xenophilia needs genealogical explanation, and Albera turns for this purpose to analysis of the relationship between Aphrodite and Ares in Greco-Roman mythology. In the present piece, Perl extends that exploration in analysis of a series of images in which the gods of love and war, along with their illegimate children Eros and Phobos (or philia and phobia), are given comical and often vulgar treatment by artists ranging from Botticelli and Mantegna, in the fifteenth century; to Titian, Veronese, and Tintoretto, in the sixteenth; to Rubens, Jan Bruegel the Elder, and Poussin, in the seventeenth; to Lagrenée, in the eighteenth; to David and Guillemot, in the nineteenth; to Jeff Koons in our own day. Perl and Albera agree with these artists that the antithetical pair, Aphrodite and Ares, have a fully logical, if furtive relationship in mythology, iconography, and psychology. The idealization to which the comic images respond—that when warriors make love, there is no warfare—is laughed, again and again, out of court. But Perl’s concern, unlike Albera’s, is that this cynicism on the part of artists and advanced intellectuals means that, despite their ostensible preference for peace over conflict, they will always find cause to undermine every effort to make way for peace.
Radiomics for radiation oncologists: are we ready to go?
Authors: Vaugier Loïg , Ferrer Ludovic , Mengue Laurence , Jouglar Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

Radiomics have emerged as an exciting field of research over the past few years, with very wide potential applications in personalised and precision medicine of the future. Radiomics-based approaches are still however limited in daily clinical practice in oncology. This review focus on how radiomics could be incorporated into the radiation therapy pipeline, and globally help the radiation oncologist, from the tumour diagnosis to follow-up after treatment. Radiomics could impact on all steps of the treatment pipeline, once the limitations in terms of robustness and reproducibility are overcome. Major ongoing efforts should be made to collect and share data in the most standardised manner possible.
First derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method as a green tool for the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets
Authors: Fahelelbom Khairi M. S. , Saleh Abdullah , Mansour Ramez , Sayed Sadik
Published: March 2020

Background: Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a rapid quantitative method which has been applied for pharmaceutical analysis. This work describes the utility of first derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets.

Methods: This analytical quantitative technique depends on a first derivative measurement of the area of infrared bands corresponding to the CO stretching range of 1550-1605 cm-1. The specificity, linearity, detection limits, precision and accuracy of the calibration curve, the infrared analysis and data manipulation were determined in order to validate the method. The statistical results were compared with other methods for the quantification of diclofenac sodium.

Results: The excipients in the commercial tablet preparation did not interfere with the assay. Excellent linearity was found for the drug concentrations in the range 0.2 – 1.5 w/w %.  (r2= 0.9994). Precision of the method was assessed by the repeated analysis of diclofenac sodium tablets; the results obtained showed small standard deviation and relative standard deviation values, which indicates that the method is quite precise. The high percentage of recovery of diclofenac sodium tablets (99.81, 101.54 and 99.41%) demonstrate the compliance of the obtained recoveries with the pharmacopeial percent recovery. The small limit of detection and limit of quantification values (0.0528 and 0.1599 w/w %, respectively) obtained by this method indicate the high sensitivity of the method.

Conclusions: First derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed high accuracy and precision, is considered as nondestructive, green, low cost and rapid, and can be applied easily for the pharmaceutical quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablet formulations.
Ribosome profiling of HEK293T cells overexpressing codon optimized coagulation factor IX
Authors: Alexaki Aikaterini , Kames Jacob , Hettiarachchi Gaya K. , Athey John C. , Katneni Upendra K. , Hunt Ryan C. , Hamasaki-Katagiri Nobuko , Holcomb David D. , DiCuccio Michael , Bar Haim , Komar Anton A. , Kimchi-Sarfaty Chava
Published: March 2020

Ribosome profiling provides the opportunity to evaluate translation kinetics at codon level resolution. Here, we describe ribosome profiling data, generated from two HEK293T cell lines. The ribosome profiling data are composed of Ribo-seq (mRNA sequencing data from ribosome protected fragments) and RNA-seq data (total RNA sequencing). The two HEK293T cell lines each express a version of the F9 gene, both of which are translated into identical proteins in terms of their amino acid sequences. However, these F9 genes vary drastically in their codon usage and predicted mRNA structure. We also provide the pipeline that we used to analyze the data. Further analyzing this dataset holds great potential as it can be used i) to unveil insights into the composition and regulation of the transcriptome, ii) for comparison with other ribosome profiling datasets, iii) to measure the rate of protein synthesis across the proteome and identify differences in elongation rates, iv) to discover previously unidentified translation of peptides, v) to explore the effects of codon usage or codon context in translational kinetics and vi) to investigate cotranslational folding. Importantly, a unique feature of this dataset, compared to other available ribosome profiling data, is the presence of the F9 gene in two very distinct coding sequences.
Patient and caregiver reported facilitators of self-care among patients with chronic heart failure: report from a formative qualitative study
Authors: Kamath DY , Bhuvana KB , Dhiraj RS , Xavier D , Varghese K , Salazar LJ , Granger CB , Pais P , Granger BB
Published: March 2020

Background: Adherence to a complex, yet effective medication regimen improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, patient adherence to an agreed upon plan for medication-taking is sub-optimal and continues to hover at 50% in developed countries. Studies to improve medication-taking have focused on interventions to improve adherence to guideline-directed medication therapy, yet few of these studies have integrated patients’ perceptions of what constitutes effective strategies for improved medication-taking and self-care in everyday life. The purpose of this formative study was to explore patient perceived facilitators of selfcare and medication-taking in South Asian CHF patients.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews of patients with long standing heart failure admitted to the cardiology and internal medicine wards of a South Indian tertiary care hospital. We purposively sampled using the following criteria: sex, socio-economic status, health literacy and patient reported medication adherence in the month prior to hospitalization. We employed inductive coding to identify facilitators. At the end of 15 interviews (eight patients and seven caregivers; seven patient-caregiver dyads), we arrived at theoretical saturation for facilitators.

Results: Facilitators could be classified into intrinsic (patient traits – situational awareness, self-efficacy, gratitude, resilience, spiritual invocation and support seeking behavior) and extrinsic (shaped by the environment – financial security and caregiver support, company of children, ease of healthcare access, trust in provider/hospital, supportive environment and recognizing the importance of knowledge).

Conclusions: We identified and classified a set of key patient and caregiver reported self-care facilitators among Indian CHF patients. The learnings from this study will be incorporated into an intervention package to improve patient engagement, overall self-care and patient-caregiver-provider dynamics.
Physical anthropology and bioarchaeology at the Institute of History in the last 20 years
Authors: Allmäe Raili , Limbo-Simovart Jana , Heapost Leiu
Published: March 2020

Human populations and their history have been studied at the Institute of History since 1952 when the young researcher Karin Mark started her career here. Later, Karin Mark became a leading researcher in palaeoanthro pology and somatology of Finno-Ugric peoples, and her working group grew. At the end of the 1980s, Leiu Heapost took over the position as group leader in anthropological research. In 1988 Raili Allmäe and in 2004 Jana Limbo-Simovart joined the group. Since 1998, Estonian research has been project-based; in the present paper we give a brief overview of our anthropological research at the Institute of History (and its descendants) in the last twenty years.
On anthropometric data of the male student candidates of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy at the University of Tartu in 2017
Authors: Lintsi Mart , Aule Rein , Annus Heiti , Mooses Martin , Viru Mehis , Lemberg Harry , Pehme Ando , Nurmekivi Ants , Kaarma Helje , Aunapuu Marina , Arend Andres
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate some anthropometric variables of student candidates of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu in 2017. All anthropometric measurements were made according to the recommendations of R. Martin [7].

Comparison of the height and weight data of the studied subjects with the height and weight norms of Estonia provided by Kaarma et al. [9] revealed that the entrants were taller in height but with the same average weight.

In our study, the somatotypes recommended by Kaarma et al. [9] were used for the first time on entrants to the university. Our study found that male student candidates’ body somatotypes were divided into SD classes as follows: small 8.6%, medium 22.9%, large 18.6%; subtypes of pycnomorphic somatotypes: 7.1% in class I, 1.4% in class II, and 8.6% in class III; leptomorphic somatotypes were divided: 11.4% in class I, none in class II and 31.4% in class III.

Based on the recommendations of several authors, we calculated the ideal body weight for all the entrants enrolled in the study.

Comparison of the average body weight of entrants with the average weight calculated using the ideal weight method revealed an interesting situation. Namely, the mean values calculated using the Devine (1974) formula did not differ statistically significantly from the mean of the measured weights (t=0.101, p> 0.05). Neither did Devine’s (1974) ideal weight and BMI, Rohrer’s index and ponderal index calculated from it, and the body surface calculated according to the formulas of Dubois and Dubois and Mosteller differ from the actual figures.
Anthropometric characteristics of females in different age groups in Latvia from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Pļaviņa Liana , Kārkliņa Helena , Umbraško Silvija , Stankeviča Jekaterina , Kachlik David
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate changes in main anthropometric parameters such as height, body mass, and body circumferences (chest, upper arm) in different age groups from childhood to adulthood in healthy females in Latvia and to determine the active growing age periods and the impact of tobacco use on anthropometric parameters. We provided a health well-being questionnaire concerning lifestyle and tobacco use. In the present study, we assessed the body mass index (BMI) values to identify body mass index-defined overweight and obesity. The levels of the body mass index exceeded the standard data only in a small number of the examined persons. Body composition data and the body mass index are used as an index of obesity as a standard practice by many clinicians according the recommendations of health authorities as a basis for health behaviour and physical activities to preserve physical and mental health. A significant correlation has been previously reported between anthropometric characteristics, physical activity and health capacity. The study data were collected with the participants’ informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using a statistics program. The body mass index is the respondents’ major characteristic which describes the physical condition and nutrition level in any age group. Tobacco use by the mother during the pregnancy period has an influence on the child’s body mass and body mass index values that were fixed for girls in the 1st and 2nd childhood periods. Intensive increase in anthropometric parameters was observed during the transition from the adolescence to the youth period.
Doping stigmata as pathological clinical signs in the diagnostic field of sports anthropology
Authors: Raschka Christoph
Published: March 2020

An anthropometric and therefore cost-neutral screening approach as an indicator of the abuse of anabolic steroids by bodybuilders is the fat-free mass index (FFMI). Normalized to a body size of 1.80 m, the FFMI is calculated as follows: FFMI = lean mass (in kg) / body height (in m)² + 6.1 × (1.8 – body height (in m)). Furthermore, various physical and anthropological symptoms can be summarized as evidence of anabolic steroids or growth hormone abuse as doping signs or doping stigmata. Doping stigmata are usually identifiable doping signs in the external appearance. Typical doping signs for anabolic steroids are testicular atrophy, swollen, voluminous muscles with elusive smooth contours, exophthalmus, alopecia androgenetica, steroid acne, gynecomastia, cutis verticis gyrata, striae distensae, seborrhea, hematomas, an unproportional development of the upper body compared to the rest of the body and, in females, hirsutism, hypertrichosis, mammary atrophy and masculine growth in width, extreme reduction of subcutaneous fat percentage, lowering of the voice, clitoris hypertrophy, secondary amenorrhoea and the irreversible androgenization of a female fetus during pregnancy. Doping stigmata for growth hormone are gigantism, acromegaly, macroglossia, tooth gaps, prognathism, torus supraorbitalis, visceromegaly (cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly), hairs of wire brush consistency, edema, seborrhoea, skin thickening and hypertrichosis, cutis verticis gyrata and the reduction of the percentage of fat. Typical examples of doping signs of erythropoietin are plethora and rubeosis faciei. Doping stigmata of amphetamines are, for example, tachycardia, hypertension, decongestion, tremor, mydriasis or speed pimples.
Assessment of development of adolescent volleyball players’ jumping ability
Authors: Stamm Raini , Stamm Meelis , Mets Madis
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to find the influence of Prof. A. Belyayev and L. Bulykina’s a month-and-a-half vertical jumping ability development programme on adolescent volleyball players aged 12–14 years.

The subjects in the experimental group were 15 adolescent volleyball players whose mean age was 12.9 years – 7 boys whose initial mean running jump result was 52.9 cm and 8 girls whose mean running jump result was 36.9 cm. The control group consisted of 13 players – 3 boys whose initial mean running jump result was 54.3 cm and 10 girls whose mean running jump result was 47 cm.

The study consists of three parts; in the first part, the subjects’ anthropometric variables and running and standing jump ability were measured. Thereafter, the volleyball players of the experimental group attended a programme that lasted for 54 days, after which the children’s anthropometric variables and jumping ability were measured again.

The results showed that the vertical jumping ability development programme proved effective. It improved girls’ and boys’ mean vertical standing jump result by 6.8 cm and vertical jump from attack steps by 6.5 cm. Boys improved their vertical standing jump result by 6.2 cm and vertical jump from attack steps by 7.8 cm. Girls’ vertical standing jump result improved by 7.4 cm and vertical jump from attack steps by 5.1 cm; the changes were statistically significant.

In the control group, jumping ability did not change statistically significantly, considering the mean results of the groups.

A. V. Belyayev and L. Bulykina’s jumping ability development programme proved to be suitable to be used in an adapted version for developing 12–14-year-old volleyball players’ vertical jumping ability.
Poetic metre as a function of language: linguistic grounds for metrical variation in Estonian runosongs
Authors: Sarv Mari
Published: March 2020

The article focuses on the relationship of language and metre in case of oral poetry, more exactly, to what extent and through which processes the changes in language have induced the changes in metre in case of Estonian runosong, a branch of common Finnic poetic-musical tradition. The Estonian language has gone through a series of notable phonological changes during approximately last 500 to 700 years that have systematically shortened the word forms; the extent of these changes varies across dialects. At the same time the language of runosongs has partly resisted these changes, and partly adopted; the archaic and new word forms are in concurrent use, and vary geographically. The metre of Estonian runosongs appears to be a transitional form from quantitative runosong metre (Kalevala metre) to the accentual runosong metre (both of them syllabic metres). The current study shows that the transition depends directly on the average syllabic length of the words in runosongs (the longer the words, the more quantitative the metre, and vice versa), which in turn is induced by the shortening of words in dialectal language. The closer look at the points of tensions between the metre and language, i.e. the geographical distribution of the morphological forms that are critical for building the verses in quantitative metre and have been systematically retained in runosongs (but shortened in language) shows that in two metrically innovative areas runosongs have given up preserving the archaic word forms, while in big central area between a linguistically and metrically conservative centre in the North-East of Estonia and two innovation centres in Western and Southeastern Estonia the archaic and newer word forms are used concurrently. The slight difference between the metre of western and southeastern runosongs follows the prosodic patterns of dialectal language.

The side topic of the article discusses the questions of the evolution of runosong in the light of newer theories of emergence of Finnic languages (in the first millennium BC) and poetic system of runosongs, but apparently the metrical variation of runosong is entirely explicable by the impact of much later language changes (approximately 500 to 700 years ago) and seems not to be able to answer the questions related to the emergence of the poetic tradition.
Plotting Poetry 3. Conference report
Authors: Birnbaum David J. , Bories Anne-Sophie , Haider Thomas N. , Sarv Mari
Published: March 2020

Plotting Poetry 3. Conference report
THE PRINCIPAL’S MANAGERIAL ABILITY IN DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS
Authors: Khusni Wasial , Mahmudah Fitri Nur
Published: March 2020

School is one of the educational institutions where the teaching and learning process takes place to educate the nation's generation. As a leader, the principal plays an essential role in determining policy. The policy was the aim to make schools more competitive. For this reason, the principal must be able to develop it into an effective school. The purpose of this study is to know the principal's managerial abilities in developing effective schools. This research uses a qualitative method and descriptive approach, analyzed using Analysis Interactive. The results of this study that school managerial ability in developing effective schools are by following the procedures, first, planning programs include; the planning process; and the strategy of designing program planning. Second, the program implementation, including; sharing tasks and routine explanation regarding work and responsibilities, building communication with all school residents properly, motivation colleagues to work effectively and efficiently in achieving goals, running managerial based on school management guidelines, managing human resources, managing relationships with parents and society, overcoming constraints in managerial. Third, program evaluation, including; evaluation methods, follow-up programs, matters discussed in evaluation, and influence perceived after evaluation.
MAGNETIZING THE INTEREST AND RETENTION OF LECTURER IN PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Nasir Nasir
Published: March 2020

Education This study aimed to explore the strategy to maintain lecturers, particularly in private higher education. It is important because the growth of private universities makes qualified lecturers contested. Responding to that crisis, leaders imposed to construct a strategy to keep them. The required data were collected by interviewing selected respondents determined by the key informant. The instrument used in gathering data was a semi-structured interview. The data then analyzed with the inductive model by Miles, Huberman, & Saldana. The result of the study reveals that: higher education should respond to what is prompting lecturers to move. They must take responsibility for every lecturer resigning and to intervene immediately to find out the reasons that make the lecturer to resign. In terms of the strategy to counter the lecturer’s switch out, the researcher constructed a strategy to magnetize them to remain through concerning more seriously on some aspects, for instance: payment, leadership style, career development, conducive-work life, adequate well-resourced libraries, recognition, and workload. All these efforts addressed to motivate them in working then decide to remain in the institution. Lastly, the researcher also recommends to others to test the conclusion by applying a quantitative approach
IMPROVE COGNITIVE ABILITIES AND LEARNING MOTIVATION STUDENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WITH SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES AND STORYTELLING ACTIVITIES
Authors: Lumbantobing Septina Severina
Published: March 2020

This research has been conducting to get a picture of improving cognitive abilities and learning motivation of students who get natural science subjects in elementary schools with a scientific approach and storytelling activities. The study has been conducting using quasi-experimental methods with a randomized one-group pretest-posttest design. The population is all grade IV students of SD Negeri 7 Jakarta. A sample of one class has been selecting by random cluster sampling. The sample of this research was class IV C, with 30 students. Test instruments in the form of essay tests were 15 items, and learning motivation questionnaires were 12 items with five options using the Likert Scale. The data has been processing with the help of SPSS 22 software. The results showed that there was an increase in students' cognitive abilities with a gain value of 0.55 in the medium category. Student learning motivation has been obtaining an increase of 85.76% in the top category.
TEACHING AND LEARNING QUALITY (DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON ADMINISTRATION MAGISTER PROGRAM, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF BENGKULU, INDONESIA)
Authors: Rohiat Rohiat
Published: March 2020

Almost all education and higher education are ready to face the 21st century, which is digital and millennial. This study aims to describe the teaching and learning quality of the Administration Magister Program facing the 21st century. This study used descriptive qualitative methods. The research has conducted at the Administration Magister Program, Faculty of Education, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia. Data collection techniques with checklists, interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show that teaching and learning not yet develop motivation students to learn hard, develop critical thinking. Still dominated by lecturers with the lecture method, assignment, students, and lecturers have not triggered to improve themselves directly and not yet close the way of learning in the 4.0 revolution era. Students have not motivated to do their best so that the learning outcome will be maximal. The lecturer model learning behavior and teaches based on scenarios that have made that are not yet flexible for enjoyable learning. The lecturer has not yet acted as a facilitator in learning—suggestions to heads of education offices immediately given training on learning in the industrial revolution era 4.0. Lecturers and students can develop 21st-century learning.
Aspectos formativos do contrato na atualidade
Authors: Gramstrup Erik Frederico , Zanetti Andrea Cristina
Published: March 2020

O artigo visa à discussão de aspectos formativos do contrato envolvendo sua concepção como ato negocial e a forma como elemento de existência e requisito de validade, retirando conclusões que se afastam da visão tradicional.Foi seguido o método qualitativo com pesquisa bibliográfica. Chega-se ao corolário de que sistematização clássica da declaração negocial, do contrato e da forma substancial, se não deve ser de todo abandonada, deve pelo menos ser relativizada nas ocasiões discutidas.
Uma análise crítica da decisão do STF no RE 878.694/MG sobre a sucessão do companheiro a partir da teoria da decisão de Ronald Dworkin
Authors: Lorenzetto Bruno Meneses , Sobral Luciane , Berberi Marco Antonio Lima
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar a teoria da decisão judicial em Ronald Dworkin com o intuito de refletir sobre a decisão tomada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal no Recurso Extraordinário n. 878.694/MG em que equiparou o companheiro à cônjuge para efeitos sucessórios, vez que declarou inconstitucional o artigo do Código Civil que versava sobre a sucessão do companheiro. Tem por objetivo verificar se a situação narrada objeto da decisão pode ser considerada um caso difícil na concepção de Dworkin, bem como analisar de maneira crítica se os termos da decisão obedeceram aos critérios estabelecidos por ele em sua teoria da decisão judicial. A metodologia utilizada foi análise doutrinária e pesquisa empírica junto ao Recurso Extraordinário 878.694/MG. Dentre os resultados alcançados, destaca-se a compreensão da teoria da decisão frente aos dois posicionamentos diversos adotados pelos Ministros julgadores do recurso a fim de concluir se a decisão final está em consonância com as lições teóricas do jurista.
Novos atravessamentos jusfilosóficos para uma revisão da tributação contemporânea: diálogos com a teoria discursiva do direito para a formação de decisões tributárias democráticas
Authors: Beber Augusto Carlos de Menezes , Buffon Marciano
Published: March 2020

A presente pesquisa busca discutir o papel da tributação contemporânea a partir de uma perspectiva jusfilosófica. Investiga-se, nesse sentido, como é possível compreender os sentidos dos tributos como decisões tomadas a partir do Direito Positivo, as quais precisam ser democráticas, mas tomadas dentro de um recorte espaço-temporal limitado. Para isso, o trabalho faz uso da perspectiva jurídica de Habermas, reconstruindo-se o sistema de direitos de forma discursiva, de modo a entender como as decisões em matéria tributária precisam vincular a arbitrariedade da legislação com a dimensão da fundamentação. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que os tributos, embora assumam uma forma jurídica para se valer das prerrogativas de Estado, não prescindem de um viés hermenêutico, o qual obriga os intérpretes a buscar os sentidos fundantes que amparam as normas tributárias. Como conclusão, percebeu-se que o papel da tributação contemporânea é construído a partir de um processo intersubjetivo, o qual está condicionado ao paradigma em que está inserido, notadamente, do constitucionalismo contemporâneo, o que induz à formação de tributos voltados para princípios de justiça social, tendo como cerne a dignidade da pessoa humana.
A construção de um novo paradigma ambiental: a hermenêutica filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer e a (in)constitucionalidade da lei nº. 12.651/2012
Authors: Erthal Alessandra Antunes , Calgaro Cleide
Published: March 2020

No presente trabalho analisa-se a (in) constitucionalidade do Código Florestal – Lei 12.651/2012 e se propõem uma nova perspectiva a partir da hermenêutica gadameriana. O método utilizado é o hermenêutico. Conclui-se que a hermenêutica de Gadamer pode trazer uma nova compreensão as questões de direito ambiental, onde o interprete pode vislumbrar a justiça ambiental e a mudança de paradigmas vigentes.
Apontamentos sobre a evolução dos componentes estruturais do "pressuposto de fato" (fato gerador ou hipótese de incidência) no direito tributário.
Authors: Teodorovicz Jeferson
Published: March 2020

O presente estudo realiza análise panorâmica sobre a evolução doutrinária relativa ao gradual reconhecimento da estrutura da norma tributária, enfocando seus componentes (elementos, aspectos ou critérios) através de uma estratégia metodológica histórico-evolutiva, a partir das primeiras composições teóricas ligadas ao Tatbestand (pressupposto di fatto ou fattispecie). Assim, inicia-se a presente investigação com análise dos antecedentes teóricos, especialmente no campo da Economia Pública (Ciência das Finanças), no Direito Penal e no Direito Administrativo sobre o tema. Depois, percorre-se a polêmica da identificação dos critérios através da noção de causa, elemento ou pressuposto da obrigação tributária, tema recorrente nas primeiras décadas do século XX na literatura europeia. Ademais, busca-se compreender, sob perspectiva jurídica, as diferentes posições doutrinárias (européias e latino-americanas, especialmente) sobre a estrutura (e respectivos componentes) no período de “glorificação do fato gerador”. Após, observando a experiência doutrinária e legislativa antecedente, investiga-se a evolução doutrinária e legislativa brasileira sobre a problemática, que se fortaleceu gradualmente a partir da década de quarenta do século XX, mas que ainda nos dias atuais mantém-se perene.
Entre Kant e Negri: um caminho do cosmopolitismo ao "comumpolitismo"
Authors: Hoffmam Fernando
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho propõe analisar o caminho a ser percorrido a partir do cosmopolitismo kantiano, até se chegar ao que se denomina “comumpolitismo” como um novo lugar para os direitos humanos na atualidade. Nesse passo, busca-se desvelar as raízes modernas, limitadas e excludentes dos projetos cosmopolitas de Immanuel Kant e Otfried Höffe, determinando sua ligação com o estatalismo, e sua apreensão pelo “Império”, bem como propondo um projeto cosmopolita alternativo. Desse modo, a partir da construção teórica de Antonio Negri, partindo-se da ideia de “comum” como um novo sujeito político a partir da “multidão”, propõe-se a construção do “comumpolitismo” ou “cosmopolitismo do comum” como um projeto cosmopolita alternativo, inclusivo, coletivo e plural, conformado na prática cotidiana da “multidão”, instituindo-se como um novo lugar para os direitos humanos e para os movimentos da “multidão do comum” enquanto práticas revolucionárias, antagonistas e de resistência. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se apresentar o “comumpolitismo” como um projeto possível e como ambiente para os direitos humanos hoje, alternativamente aos projetos cosmopolitas estatalistas ou “imperiais”. Para tanto, elege-se como método de abordagem o método analético (ana-lético), como um método que parte do outro totalmente livre, do outro, estando além do sistema da totalidade compreendido dialeticamente no movimento (moderno/pós-moderno).
Wide-field optical design for a 60 m submillimeter telescope
Authors: Lou Zheng , Zuo Ying-xi , Yao Qi-jun , Shi Sheng-cai , Yang Ji , Chen Xue-peng
Published: March 2020

We present a practical wide-field optical design for a 60 m aperture submillimeter telescope, which is currently under conceptual design study in China. The telescope is specified to operate over a wavelength range of 0.65–3 mm and provide a wide field of view (FOV) of 1° in diameter. We designed an F/6 Ritchey Chrétien (RC) system with a quasi-planar tertiary corrector, which cancels all spherical, coma, and astigmatism aberrations. It also achieves a good balance among the mirror sizes, central obscuration, and focal-plane curvature. The problems of focal surface curvature and nontelecentricity are treated in the subfield instrumental design, which employs a simple silicon wedge prism to obtain flat and telecentric focal planes for each subfield instrument module. Our studies show that by such a design, more than

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detector pixels can be efficiently and uniformly fed at the shortest wavelength band with Strehl ratios above 0.85 across the entire 1° FOV. Several practical issues related to the telescope optics are also discussed.
Limits to Terror Speech in the UK and USA: Balancing Freedom of Expression with National Security
Authors: Turner Ian
Published: March 2020

Article 10(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights, freedom of expression, is incorporated into UK law. With the growing Islamist terror threat after 9/11, particularly threatening European security, the Council of Europe introduced the Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism (CPT) 2005. One of the Articles within the Convention, Article 5, obliges states to outlaw ‘public provocation to commit a terrorist offence’. Drawing on its obligations in the CPT, the UK enacted section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2006: ‘encouragement of terrorism’. But, in implementing its duties, the UK went further. There are very real concerns, therefore, about the effects of this legislation on freedom of expression. The test for interpreting breaches of Article 10 is ‘proportionality’. Comparatively, in America there is a much stronger test than proportionality, ‘strict scrutiny’, in assessing limits to terror speech. However, in the age of Islamism, together with the speed, ease and little cost incurred in sharing terror speech online, should there not be a reappraisal of American law? The author is based in the UK. But the UK’s approach to limiting terror speech is arguably too intrusive of freedom of expression. This paper, therefore, proposes a compromise approach between the two jurisdictions.
Prest v Petrodel Resources Limited: The Veil Finally Pierced?
Authors: El-Gendi Mohammad
Published: March 2020

With the United Kingdom preparing to exit the European Union, the UK needs to create a clear case for why the UK should be the preferred place of business. Unclear, arbitrary and unprincipled laws and rulings may cause businesses to move to the EU post-Brexit. As such, it is necessary to reassess certain key case and areas of law in order to address their suitability for the new economic climate. The chosen area is company law, specifically piercing the corporate veil, which has someway yet to be ready to demonstrate the best case for UK business.