bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Private Genomes and Public SNPs: Homomorphic Encryption of Genotypes and Phenotypes for Shared Quantitative Genetics
Authors: Mott Richard , Fischer Christian , Prins Pjotr , Davies Robert William
Published: April 2020

Mott et al. show that association between a quantitative trait and genotype can be performed using data that has been transformed by first rotating it in a high-dimensional space. The resulting...

Sharing human genotype and phenotype data is essential to discover otherwise inaccessible genetic associations, but is a challenge because of privacy concerns. Here, we present a method of homomorphic encryption that obscures individuals’ genotypes and phenotypes, and is suited to quantitative genetic association analysis. Encrypted ciphertext and unencrypted plaintext are analytically interchangeable. The encryption uses a high-dimensional random linear orthogonal transformation key that leaves the likelihood of quantitative trait data unchanged under a linear model with normally distributed errors. It also preserves linkage disequilibrium between genetic variants and associations between variants and phenotypes. It scrambles relationships between individuals: encrypted genotype dosages closely resemble Gaussian deviates, and can be replaced by quantiles from a Gaussian with negligible effects on accuracy. Likelihood-based inferences are unaffected by orthogonal encryption. These include linear mixed models to control for unequal relatedness between individuals, heritability estimation, and including covariates when testing association. Orthogonal transformations can be applied in a modular fashion for multiparty federated mega-analyses where the parties first agree to share a common set of genotype sites and covariates prior to encryption. Each then privately encrypts and shares their own ciphertext, and analyses all parties’ ciphertexts. In the absence of private variants, or knowledge of the key, we show that it is infeasible to decrypt ciphertext using existing brute-force or noise-reduction attacks. We present the method as a challenge to the community to determine its security.
Smoking Cessation as a Public Health Measure to Limit the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Komiyama Maki , Hasegawa Koji
Published: April 2020

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already evolved into a rapidly expanding pandemic. Risk factors for COVID-19, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes, are all strongly associated with smoking habits. The effects of cigarette smoking on the transmission of the virus and worsening of COVID-19 have been less addressed. Emerging data indicate that smoking history is the major determinant of worsening COVID-19 outcomes. Smoking cessation recovers airway ciliary clearance and immune function. Thus, smoking cessation awareness is strongly encouraged as a public health measure to limit the global impact of COVID-19.
Ukraine in the history of the movement for the conservation of geological heritage in Europe
Authors: Manyuk Volodymyr V. , Bondar Olesia V. , Yaholnyk Oleh V.
Published: April 2020

The paper focuses on the history of the movement for preservation of geological heritage of Ukraine, closely related to the history of geoconservation in Europe; determines the relationship of the extent of geodiversity and geological structure of a certain country, political system, historical traditions and attitude towards wildlife and inanimate nature. Despite the fact that geodiversity and biodiversity have always been in parallel, traditionally all nations in all the continents have focused more on the preservation of so-called wildlife. The article describes that preservation of the so-called inanimate nature; provides a rather sufficient analysis of literature sources which report on the problem of preserving bio- and geodiversity not only in Ukraine, but also in other countries of Europe. In particular, the combination of biotic and abiotic constituents of nature proved to be an essential aspect in determining the place of the world`s first nature reserve and location of an important centre of Buddhism in Mihintale, Sri Lanka. The start of the movement for preservation of so-called inanimate nature in Europe could, with a certain extent of possibility, be considered the first historical written mention of the subject, which was declared in the 10th Chapter of Third Statute of Lithuania in 1588. That is protection of rivers against artificial change of their banks, change in currents and preservation of large erratic boulders. As an important stage of the beginning of the movement for preservation of the so-called inanimate, can be considered the year 1668, when in Germany the Baumannshöhle cave was preserved. It was first mentioned in the literature in 1565, and in 1646 the cave became an object of tourism. During the analysis of the historical stage related to the movement ProGEO, we emphasizes international events in which the representatives of the Ukrainian ProGEO group took part. Active work of the Ukrainian ProGEO group created conditions for transition to a new level of geoconservation, i.e. determination of the possibility of creating a new category of objects of the Nature-Reserve fund of Ukraine – geological parks (geoparks) as important locations for the development of geotourism and territories of complex conservation of the natural environment.
International legislation as an important instrument in the creation of geoparks in Ukraine
Authors: Yaholnyk Oleh V.
Published: April 2020

The article considers international legislation as an instrument in the process of establishment of Geoparks in Ukraine. Because the notion “geopark” is relatively new to Europe, and even newer to Ukraine, it is necessary to study the legal aspects of this issue. It was determined that the establishment of geoparks in Ukraine is hindered by numerous problems, particularly: absence of target-legislation, unproductive dialogue with authorities, from local to national and difficult economic conditions. We found that solving the problems should start from the assessment of state and international normative-regulatory acts and characterization of the impact of the latter in the legal field of Ukraine. We found that domestic scientific works do not have many references to the international legislation. Therefore, the necessity arises of developing an international “legal map” in the issue of protection of geoheritage. For this purpose, we analyzed 14,335 international documents relevant for the territory of Ukraine with their respect to their relationship to the protection of nature, natural and cultural heritage, out of which 79 were analyzed in detail. We determined the peculiarities, according to which the international legal acts can be identified and can characterize them by 3 groups: Treaties between states on collaboration; Treaties between states on particular natural objects; important international documents. We determined that 48 of them have different levels of importance in the issue of establishment of Geoparks. We determined that many international documents recommend, encourage, obligate the authorities to support protection of nature, the natural heritage, including geoheritage. With active use of such documents, it is possible to significantly advance in solving the abovementioned problems of establishing Geoparks. Most characterized normative-regulatory acts which are directly or indirectly related to natural objects and territories that could be included in future Geoparks, making them an important tool in preservation of geoheritage. The presented results correspond to all the recent changes in the legislation as at the beginning of 2019. The results can be used by scientists in the process of establishment of real Geoparks in Ukraine, as well for preservation of geological heritage in general.
The positive correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels with vitiligo severity and activity
Authors: Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Agung , Wiraguna Anak Agung Gde Putra , Batan Putu Nila Wardhani
Published: April 2020

Background: There are several theories that suggest melanocyte death in vitiligo, one example is oxidative stress theory. Oxidative stress primarily manifested by lipid peroxidation ultimately produce malondialdehyde. Malondialdehyde is a stable marker to assess an oxidative stress event. The correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and vitiligo severity and activity remained controversial in previous studies.Objective: This study aimed to verify whether or not the serum MDA levels are positively correlated with vitiligo severity and activity.Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study. which involved 64 subjects with vitiligo and 20 subjects without vitiligo. Serum MDA levels were measured to mark an oxidative stress event, whereas the severity and activity of vitiligo were clinically assessed with vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity (VIDA) scoring system.Results: Total 64 subjects with vitiligo and 20 subjects without vitiligo participated in this study. Serum MDA mean levels of vitiligo subjects were significantly higher compared to subjects without vitiligo (p<0.05). Serum MDA levels had a strong positive correlation with VASI score (r=0.761; p<0.01). The strong positive correlation found between serum MDA levels with vitiligo activity assessed by VASI score in vitiligo subjects (r=0.609; p<0.01), and high serum MDA levels increased the risk for developing vitiligo (PR=7.62; 95% CI: 2.49-23.30; p<0.01). Serum MDA levels influenced vitiligo as much as 10.1%, meanwhile the remaining 89.9% were influenced by other variables apart from high serum MDA levels out of this study (R2=0.101; p<0.05).Conclusion: Serum MDA levels were positively correlated with vitiligo severity and activity, and high serum MDA levels increased the risk of developing vitiligo.
Pre and post-extended thymectomy plasmapheresis accelerates mechanical ventilation extubation in Myasthenia Gravis patients with Thymoma
Authors: Widyantara I Wayan , Mulyantari Kadek , Sinardja Ketut
Published: April 2020

Background: Myastenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular junction disorder that causes significant disability in the patient. Plasmaparesis and thymectomy are some therapeutic modalities in MG patients. Patients with MG of 10-15% had thymoma and 60% occurred thymic hyperplasia. Thymectomy may improve MG outcomes in 54-94% of patients (thymoma cases) or 21-42% of patients (cases of thymic hyperplasia). Plasmaparesis perioperatif still controversial. Case report: The 60-year-old man comes with a complaint both eyelids often close and both hands and feet experience fluctuating weakness, improved at rest. Patients with a history of DM and pulmonary TB. On the physical examination obtained eyelid twitch response and improved ptosis on ice test. Laboratory shows hyperglycemia and thrombocytopenia. Electrophysiological examination supports neuromuscular junction lesions. In thoracic and thoracic rectal images the mediastinal mass was obtained. Patients were diagnosed with myastenia gravis with suspected thyroid mediastinal mass. Treatment given mestinon 60 mg every 8 hours peroral, thymectomy plan, platelet transfusion, and plasmaparesis. Obtained a tumor with a large 10x8x7 cm with adhesions around the organ. Microscopic features support a thymoma A. Patients receive perioperative plasmaparesis 1 series (5x administration) divided, 2 preoperative and 3 postoperative times. The patient used mechanical ventilation for less than 24 hours and no residual symptoms. Conclusion: Myastenia gravis grade IIa (Osserman) with thymoma A performed extended thymectomy. Plasmaparesis given pre and post surgery showed clinical improvement and duration of short ventilator use. Good prognosis associated with mild MG degree, no myastenia crisis.Â Keywords: myastenia gravis, thymectomy, plasmaparesis
Correlation of lactate levels with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in sepsis patients in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan
Authors: Jemie Jemie , Loesnihari Ricke , Hanafie Achsanuddin
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Lactate is an intermediate metabolic that is non-toxic and were produced by all cells. In sepsis patients, increased lactate occurs due to tissue hypoperfusion and represent a sign of tissue hypoxia. A clinical scoring system such as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), was commonly utilized to assess the severity of sepsis periodically based on several clinically significant organ dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of lactate levels with SOFA scores on sepsis patients treated in ICU.Method: This is a prospective cohort study, involving 57 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The blood lactate levels were measured, and the SOFA scores were calculated, which then analyzed with Spearman correlation test.Results: There was a weak but significant correlation between lactate levels and 24-hour SOFA Score (r = 0.303, p = 0.022). An intermediate correlation was obtained with 48 hours SOFA Score (r = 0.449, p = 0.000). Organ dysfunction that plays a significant role in increased lactate in this study were the central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, and kidneys.Conclusion: There was an association between lactate levels and SOFA scores at 24th and 48th hour. SOFA Score can be considered as proper parameters to evaluate the deterioration of septic patients treated in the ICU.
Long-term visual deprivation inhibit the visual lobe neocortex cytoarchitecture increment in 42 days male rats (Rattus norvegicus): a stereological study
Authors: Wirata Gede , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku , Muliarta I Made
Published: April 2020

Background: The inhibition of nerve impulse transmission between the onset of the nervus opticus pathway and the terminal of radiatio opticus can reduce cortical reflex so that visual deprivation appears. Visual deprivation at the level of the neocortex can change the structure itself if it occurs over a critical period of neuron development in the neocortex layer in infants. Strategies to measure the quality and quantity of neocortex cytoarchitecture of visual lobe require unbiased stereological methods.Aim: This study aimed at proving long-term visual deprivation can reduce the visual lobe neocortex cytoarchitecture.Methods: This research was an experimental study with post test only control group design from 2018 till 2019. The sample was 30 male 42-day-old rats (Rattus norvegicus) about 60-80 g in weight regarding the inclusion criteria. This study involved six random groups divided into control groups, monocular deprivation, and binocular deprivation where each group was further divided into groups that experienced treatment for 7 and 14 days.Results: There was a difference in mean volume of visual lobe neocortex between groups P1 and P2 compared to P0 (7) or P0 (14) (p <0.05). The P1 group (14) had a lower average than the P1 group (7) (p <0.05); (2) There was a difference in the mean of pyramidal visual lobe neocortex cell density between groups P1 and P2 against group P0 (7) or P0 (14) (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in the 14-days deprivation group against 7-days, both monocular and binocular; (3) there was a difference in the total number of visual lobe neocortex pyramidal cells between groups P1 and P2 compared to groups P0 (7) or P0 (14) (p <0.05). Group P1 (14) has a lower average cell number than group P1 (7); (4) The group P0 (14) has the highest neocortex volume, density, and pyramidal cells total number compared to groups P0 (7), P1, and P2. The CE value is 0.2, which is the optimal estimated strength used.Conclusion: Visual deprivation for more than seven days has been shown to reduce mean difference neocortex volume, cell density, and the pyramidal cells number of visual lobe neocortex against either 7 days or 14 days group.
The effect of accompany person to level of anxiety on tooth extraction patients using blood pressure, pulse rate, and dental anxiety scale
Authors: Sudirman Putu Lestari , Adiatmika I Putu Gede
Published: April 2020

Background: Tooth extraction is a common activity in dental practice. Anxiety is the initial challenge that immediately seen on the patient. Many factors affect patient anxiety, such as dental tools, room atmosphere, nurse and dentist, or the most important, the tooth extraction procedure itself. Anxiety can cause a significant delay in procedure while waiting for patient to be ready to be extracted. Social support is believed to minimize patientâ€™s anxiety during tooth extraction procedure. Accompany person may provide sufficient social support to the patient, yet conflicting studies results questioned its necessity to overcome patientâ€™s anxiety.Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the effect of the accompanying person on the patientâ€™s anxiety level during tooth extraction.Methods: The study was done using a cross sectional observational analytic design. Subjects were collected using accidental sampling at Dental Clinic Panti Swasti Tangeb Bali for the last one year. Data from 103 subjects who divided into two groups, 56 subjects for the accompany group (APG) and 47 subjects for the non-accompany group (NAPG), were analyzed. Level of anxiety was assessed based on blood pressure, pulse rate, and Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) score.Results: The result showed that on APG, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were lower than the NAPG group, systolic of 113.3 Â± 6.1 mmHg and diastolic of 77.7 Â± 5 mmHg compared to systolic of 119.4 Â± 4 mmHg and diastolic of 78.9 Â± 3.4 mmHg. Pulse rate was also lower in the APG group, 82.2 Â± 7.6 bpm vs. 91.6 Â± 5.4 bpm, respectively. The DAS score was 12.6 Â± 1.7 in the APG and 14.3 Â± 1.5 in the NAPG. The overall anxiety level based on systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and DAS score were significantly lower in the APG compared to the NAPG (p<0.05).Conclusion: Accompanying person provided less anxiety to the patients undergoing tooth extraction procedure.
Tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa semester VI, Pogram Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana terhadap konjungtivitis bakteri tahun 2017
Authors: Putra I Made Gede Dwipayana , Budhiastra Putu , Susila Ni Ketut Niti
Published: April 2020

Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection of the eye caused by bacteria, such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, or Haemophilus. Based on 30% of visits in the Department of Eye Disease in the United States, 15% are conjunctivitis complaints caused by bacteria and virus, and 15% are conjunctivitis complaints caused by allergy. A common complication of conjunctivitis is the decreased visual acuity that greatly affects the patient in performing daily activities.Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge level of semester VI students of Doctor Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, toward conjunctivitis.Method: The samples were 70 people with 10% relative accuracy. Sampling was done by random sampling technique. The data were collected by using questionnaire technique. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics.Result: The result of the students' knowledge level on bacterial conjunctivitis was 62 respondents (89%) were in good category, 8 respondents (11%) were in moderate category, and none for poor category (0) as well. The knowledge level of the respondent toward bacterial conjunctivitis at the age of 21 years was quite good, that were 31 people (44.5%). Respondents with moderate knowledge level at the age of 21 years were 5 people.Conclusion: The result of the test shows that the level of students' knowledge on bacterial conjunctivitis is that 62 respondents (89%) are in good category. Therefore, to the management of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, this research is expected to be used as a reference in formulating various learning strategies, so the learning achievement can be improved.
Karakteristik temuan radiologis pada pasien low back pain di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode Maret 2016-Oktober 2017
Authors: Sari Komang Mila Triana , Martadiani Elysanti Dwi , Asih Made Widhi
Published: April 2020

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem in almost all parts of the world. It may cause disability and a huge social and economic burden in the community. Radiological examination is often necessary to help the doctor in evaluating LBP.Aim: The study aims to find out the radiological characteristics of LBP as a preventive effort against those case.Method: The study was descriptive cross-sectional design involved 65 LBP patients as study respondents in Sanglah General Hospital from March 2016-October 2017.Result: Characteristics of LBP patients are male patients and patients aged 50-59 years. Both are the most frequent sample which were found out in the study.Conclusion: The most common radiological findings in each examination modality are as follows: osteophytes on Radiographic examination, burst fracture, compression fracture and fractures of spinous process on CT scan, and spinal canal stenosis on MRI examination.
Tingkat pengetahuan dokter umum mengenai bukti medis kekerasan seksual di RSUD se-Provinsi BALI tahun 2017
Authors: Dwijayanti I Gusti Ayu Agung , Rustyadi Dudut , Yulianti Kunthi
Published: April 2020

Background: Sexual violence is a frequent criminal offense. Targets that become victims of the crimes can be women even today many occur in children. Medical evidence is the key to the proof of a case of sexual violence that is usually made by a forensic specialist. A general practitioner is expected to be able to examine the medical evidence of sexual violence considering the number of forensic specialists who are not comparable with the geographical area of Indonesia.Aim: The study aims to know the level of knowledge and relation between the variable of age, practice experience, and level of education related to the knowledge level of general practitioners about medical evidence of sexual violence.Method: This study is descriptive cross-sectional research located at Emergency Department all over General Hospital in Bali Province. The subject is general physician â‰¤60 years old. Data obtained use questionnaire containing a set of questions.Result: The results showed the general practitioner knowledge level about medical evidence of sexual violence was good. Of the 110 samples, 87.3% had a good level of knowledge, 11.8% was sufficient, and 0.9% had less knowledge level. One variable influenced the general physician's knowledge level was practical experience (p = 0.039). Moreover, the age (p = 0.908) did not have a significant relationship to the general practitioner knowledge level about medical evidence of sexual violence.Conclusion: It is essential that practical experience for a doctor's knowledge level about medical evidence of sexual violence is critically important.
Perbedaan pemberian cairan isotonis dan hipotonis terhadap osmolalitas plasma pada penderita gangguan intrakranial akut di RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Sandhi Parwata Wayan Sulaksmana , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi , Suwarba I Gusti Ngurah , Suparyatha Ida Bagus , Wati Dyah Kanya
Published: April 2020

Background: Acute intracranial disturbance can lead to increased occurrence of cardiovascular activity that will lead to a decrease of sodium reabsorption in the kidney. The proper selection of liquid on acute intracranial disorders can help reduce damage to brain tissue. This study aims to determine differences in plasma osmolality levels in patients with acute intracranial disorders who get isotonic or hypotonic fluid.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 60 patients aged 1 month-12 years who experienced acute intracranial disturbance in Sanglah General Hospital during 2017. The difference in plasma osmolality in each group was tested using Mann-Whitney due to the data were not normally distributed. There was a significant difference in osmolality levels in the group receiving isotonic fluid compared with hypotonic (p <0.001)Results: Males were predominant in the isotonic group (66.7%) and hypotonic (70%). Good nutritional status was found in both groups (90%; 83.33%). Encephalitis is the most common cause of acute intracranial disturbance, namely 14 (46.67%) cases of istononic groups and 12 (40%) cases of hypotonic groups. The median value (IQR) of plasma and sodium osmolality levels that obtained isotonic fluid showed a difference in values of 139(6) mEq/L and 287(20) mOsm/kg H2O in isotonic and 132 (7) mEq/ L and 273(16) mOsm/kg H2O in hypotonic. There was a significant difference in osmolality levels in the group receiving isotonic fluid compared to hypotonic (p<0.001)Conclusion: There are differences in levels of osmolality in patients with acute intracranial disorders who get isotonic fluid compared to groups that get hypotonic fluid.
Trigger finger management, comparison of conservative and surgical treatment approach in hospital decision making: a case report
Authors: Putra Anak Agung Ngurah Bayu , Kesuma Anak Agung Ngurah Ronny
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Trigger fingers are conditioned as the inability of the digit to move flex and extend caused by inflammation in the proximal edge of the flexor tendon pulley, such condition will have an impact on daily living activity and functional activity of person. Aim of this report is to give an overview regarding trigger finger clinical presentation with approach management in clinical setting.Case Presentation: A 39-old male come to the policlinic with complaint stiffness in right middle finger, on physical examination finding the middle finger on the right hand is locking in flexed position, tenderness palpation over the A1 pulley.Conclusion: Trigger finger is condition inability the digit canâ€™t move smoothly in flexed and extended. The management of trigger finger is based on Quinnell classification, after grading the treatment divided with conservative treatment or surgical treatment and both of treatment have success rate and complication rate.
Proporsi kejadian depresi pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karangasem I, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Prasetya I Gst. Agung Yudha , Aryastuti Ni Luh Putu
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Indonesia entered an ageing population era because the geriatrics percentage was above 7%. In 2015, Karangasem I Community Health Centre served 3015 geriatrics. The escalation of chronic disease visits at geriatric polyclinic indicated an increasing geriatrics health burden. Depression was one of the most frequent psychiatric problems on geriatrics. In the preliminary survey were found that 3, out of 10 geriatrics had depressive mood. This study aimed to found the proportion of depression among geriatrics and the possible factors associated at Karangasem I Community Health Centre Region.Method: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. Pertima Village was randomly chosen and 73 samples were obtained using accidental sampling technique. Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was used to determine depression.Result: The result showed the proportion of depression was 67,1% with 57,1% was mild depression. The tendency of depression was found on several factors such as being female (67,4%), age category â‰¥80 years old (88,9%), unemployed (69,4%), uneducated (83,3%), widow/widower/single status (69,4%), living alone (76,9%), being the head of household (72,7%), having chronic disease (68%), and never participate on posyandu (100%).Conclusion: Prevalence of geriatric depression are quite high, sosial participation is needed to assist in preventing depression on geriatrics. Therefore, role of Community Health Centre was necessary on planning and holding more program and activities for elderly. Besides, it was necessary in improving the medical personnel skill on psychiatry for early detection and prompt treatment of depression among elderly.
Pneumotoraks spontan primer berulang pada wanita hamil dengan hiperemesis gravidarum: laporan kasus
Authors: Widiasari Ni Putu Ayu , Arisanti Ni Luh Putu Eka , Rai Ida Bagus Ngurah
Published: April 2020

Background: Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare case during pregnancy. However, the condition of Hyperemesis Gravidarum during pregnancy is one of the risk factors for recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax.Case Description: A 28-year-old woman with G5P3013 gestational age 12-13 weeks with Hyperemesis Gravidarum had complaints of tightness and recurrent acute pleuritic chest pain. After a clinical and supporting examination using ultrasound, patients were diagnosed with recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax, and observational and symptomatic treatments were performed. The rupture of the bleb or the subpleura bulla is thought to be a pathological mechanism. Patients given birth vaginally without complications and complete resolution of the pneumothorax occurred.Conclusion: Recurrent pneumothorax in pregnant women with a history of hyperemesis gravidarum is rare. Observational and symptomatic treatment is the initial treatment that can be done.
Hubungan antara derajat dehidrasi dengan penurunan berat badan pada anak diare usia 1 sampai 5 tahun di ruangan kaswari dan poliklinik anak RSUD Wangaya kota Denpasar
Authors: Grandinata Soeseno William , Bikin Suryawan I Wayan , Suarca Kadek
Published: April 2020

Background: Children with diarrhea occurrences at ages 1 to 5 years had a prevalence of 16,7% in developing countries. Children suffer from diarrhea more than 12 times per year, and this is also the cause of death by 15 â€“ 34 % of all causes of death. Most of the death from diarrhea due to dehydration begin with dehydration symptoms and decreased body weight. Diarrheal disease cannot be underestimated. Comprehensive, holistic and rational handling is required.Methods: This study was observational analytic research with cross sectional study design. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the degree of dehydration with a weight loss of diarrhea children aged 1 - 5 year. The sample is 55 diarrhea children aged 1 to 5 years with dehydration and without dehydration in Kaswari and Clinic pediatric at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar from May until August 2018. The data was analyzed by Chi-Square testResult: 24 of 30 children aged 1 to 5 years with mild-moderate dehydration diarrhea lose weight (80%), while the other 6 did not lose weight (20%) with p-value = 0,001.Conclusion: There is a relation between degrees of dehydration with weight loss in diarrhea children at Kaswari and clinic pediatric room Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar.
The sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio in diagnosing sepsis patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Agustin , Prihastuti Yeni Ayu , Anshory Muhammad
Published: April 2020

Background: Sepsis is the most severe manifestation of acute infection which can cause death in 30-50% of cases. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of sepsis is a challenge for clinicians and laboratories. Neutrophil Lymphocyte Count Ratio is a potential index to detect the occurrence of sepsis. This examination is easy, fast and cheap. Procalcitonin is currently widely used as a newer indicator in diagnosing pre-shock but is rarely done because of its cost. This study aims to compare the diagnostic value of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Count Ratio with procalcitonin as a marker in septicpatients.Method: A Case-control analytic research was conducted from March to June 2018. Examination of neutrophils and lymphocytes using Sysmex XN-1000 while procalcitonin examination used Elecsys BRAHMS PCT using ECLIA method. Diagnostic values are analyzed using the ROC curve, and the cut-off value is determined. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy are calculated with 2x2 tables.Result: The subjects of the study were 60 patients who hospitalized and examined for procalcitonin with 30 patients diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and SOFA score â‰¥ two by clinicians as sepsis patients and also 30 control patients. ROC analysis with procalcitonin cut-off values of 2,24 ng / mL obtained a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 86,7%, PPV of 86,9%, and NPV of 92,4%.. At the cut-off value of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Count Ratio 5,06, there was a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 76,7%, PPV of 76,9%, and NPV of 79,1%.Conclusion: Procalcitonin has a better diagnostic value than Neutrophil Lymphocyte Count Ratio in diagnosing sepsis.
Hubungan asfiksia dengan kejang pada neonatus di ruang perinatologi dan NICU RSUD Wangaya kota Denpasar
Authors: Kurniawan Ruby , Bikin Suryawan I Wayan , Ratna Dewi Made
Published: April 2020

Background: Asphyxia is a serious problem in newborns because it can cause high levels of mortality and mortality. Deaths because of asphyxia are around 38% and are 3rd rank in neonatal deaths. Asphyxia is the most common cause of seizures in newborns with the incidence of 1-3 per 1,000 births. Seizure after asphyxia can occur impaired cognitive and developmental disorders in children. From the relationship, well and proper management of infants with asphyxia can reduce the risk of death and permanent disability due to seizures.Methods: Observational analytic research with cross sectional study design to find out the relationship between asphyxia and seizure in neonates. The sample of this study is 718 neonates from 0 to 28 days with asphyxia in perinatology and NICU of Wangaya General Hospital Denpasar city from July 2017-July 2018.Result: The prevalence of neonates with asphyxia are 214 and neonates with seizure are 8 from 214. From this study found a relationship between asphyxia and occurrence of seizure with p=0,000.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between asphyxia and the occurrence of seizures in neonates.
Hubungan stres terhadap kelelahan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Authors: Nathania Adela , Krisna Dinata I Made , Adiartha Griadhi I Putu
Published: April 2020

Background: Stress can cause mental and physiological changes in a person's body, by activating the HPA axis and the autonomic nervous system. As a result, catecholamines and cortisol will be secreted and cause changes to the additional energy reserves by the body to deal with stressors and the emergence of introseptive stimuli. This energy can be depleted, causing a person to no longer have the energy to continue their activities, while introseptive stimuli cause fatigue and decreased motivation.Methods: This analytic observational study was designed in the form of a cross sectional study of questionnaire data to measure stress and fatigue, that is distributed to 300 students of education programs for doctors in 2nd, 4th, and 6th semester of Faculty of Medicine Udayana University in 2018. General Health Questionnaire - 12 (GHQ-12) and the 30 item Fatigue Questionnaire was used to measure stress and fatigue.Result: 262 samples met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23.7% of students experiencing stress, 1.1% experienced very high fatigue, 12.2% experienced high fatigue, 56.9% experienced moderate fatigue, and 29.8 % experience low level fatigue. Stress has a significant effect with a significance value is 0.000.Conclusion: Stress has a relationship with fatigue in students of the Faculty of Medicine Universitar Udayana, in Bachelor of Medicine and Professionals Doctor Study Program.
Culture results on chest tube thoracostomy water-sealed drainage in patients with pneumothorax at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Anggaraditya Putu Bagus , Chandra Arland
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Thoracic trauma is one type of trauma with a high incidence that causes morbidity and mortality after head trauma and extremity. The act of installing a thoracostomy has become one of the standard management of thoracic injury. Infection is a complication that can occur during treatment. This study aimed to provide an overview of the results of thoracostomy tube water-sealed drainage (WSD) culture in pneumothorax patients at Sanglah Hospital.Method: The study design used a cross sectional descriptive method. The subjects of the study were blunt thoracic trauma patients with pneumothorax who came to the emergency department of Sanglah Hospital to indicate the installation of a thoracostomy hose during the period January to December 2018.Results: From 40 study samples there were 32 subjects with positive culture results, then from all subjects with positive culture results found 10 people (25%) with culture results of staphylococcal aureus bacteria, based on rib fractures more samples with rib fractures less than two bones ( 62.5%), based on the duration of WSD installation there were more samples with the duration of WSD installation more than 7 days (75%).Conclusion: The high positive culture results which are dominated by pyogenic skin bacteria, namely Stapylokokus aureus is a challenge for surgeons in managing the complications of tube thoracostomy (TT) installation in patients with pneumothorax.
Usia dan obesitas berhubungan terhadap penyakit batu saluran kemih di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode Januari 2014 sampai Desember 2014
Authors: Nurfitriani Nurfitriani , Oka Anak Agung Gde
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Urinary Stone Disease is the process of forming stones caused by the deposition of a substance with excess amounts of urinary or due to other factors that affect the solvency of substance. Urinary Stone Disease is frequently Â Â found on adults between 15-59 years old. Total patient who diagnosed by Urinary Stone Disease in Indonesia is too high. Many things associated against the onset of this disease, such as age and obesity. Therefore the research to examine which factors cause the occurrence of Urinary Stone Disease is necessary in order to raise the early prevention.Method: Research design is descriptive analytic. Using consecutive sampling method. Data will be analyzed in univariate and bivariate using statistical test of chi-square with a level of significance of Î± < 0.05. Place of research in Sanglah Denpasar Bali Subject of research are men and women above 15 years old, diagnosed with Urinary Stone Disease. Subject research are urology unit visiting patient also patient being hospitalized at Sanglah General Hospital.Result: The research results showed that the age has become risk factors which closely related with Urinary Stone Disease, value of p = 0.002. Obesity does not have significant relations against the occurrence of Urinary Stone Disease with value of p = 0,564.Concluison: Age has close relation with the occurrence of Urinary Stone Disease, while obesity has no relation towards the occurrence of Urinary Stone Disease diseases.
Hasil tajam pengelihatan pasca operasi katarak senilis di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode Oktober 2016 - Juni 2017
Authors: Asmara Anak Agung Gde Arisena , Budhiastra Putu , Niti Susila Ni Ketut
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Cataract is a type of eye disease that occurs in the lens of the eye. Cataract occurs not only due to the age factor, but also can occur in children born with these conditions or congenital factors. This study aimed to find out visual acuity outcome after senile cataract surgery at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar on October 2016 - June 2017 period.Method: The type of this research was descriptive cross-sectional conducted at RSUP of Sanglah Denpasar using the medical records of the period of October 2016 - June 2017. The sampling technique used the total sampling, with the number of samples of 32 subjects. The result of this research was processed by using a computer software.Result: The postoperative patients with poor outcome tended to be experienced by the senile cataract of mature group compared to the immature that was around 9.1%, borderline outcome tended to be experienced by group with immature senile cataract of 23.8% while the dominant senile cataract outcome was 81.8%. Patients undergoing SICS procedures tended to have a poor outcome compared to those undergoing a phacoemulsification procedure of 16.7%. Borderline outcome tended to the group undergoing phacoemulsification procedures, and 83.3% of the good outcome tended to be experienced by the group undergoing SICS procedures.Conclusion: This research concludes that good outcome come from cataract senile mature group (81.8%) and the group that doing SICS procedure (83.3%)
Pengaruh kepatuhan pendokumentasian asuhan medis terhadap kelengkapan dokumen pengajuan klaim JKN di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Badung tahun 2018
Authors: Suryadhi Raditya Putra Pratama , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita , Sari Komang Ayu Kartika
Published: April 2020

Background: BPJS as a health insurance institution runs the National Health Insurance (JKN) program. JKN implements a prospective financing system whereby payments made after the provision of services are in accordance with the agreement at the beginning in the form of packages. As regard with the fee, the hospital should take an effort to submit the proof document as the condition for the filing of the claim.Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of medical documenting compliance with the completeness of the JKN claim filing documents at the inpatient installation of Badung Hospital.Method: This study is a cross-sectional analytic study with the sample used is 120 documents of in-patient medical treatment that has been repatriated at the in-patient installation of Badung General Hospital in February 2018. Â Results: This research get result that the price rs = 0.861 and p-value = 0,003.Conclusion: There is an effect of compliance with documenting medical care on the completeness of claim filing documents in the in-patient installation of Badung General Hospital.
Analisis hubungan Rasio Trombosit Limfosit (RTL) dengan derajat keparahan stenosis pada pasien Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Authors: Kasim Zahra Inayah , Wibawa Sulina Yanti , Rauf Darmawaty E.
Published: April 2020

Background: Atherosclerosis in CAD is marked by formation of plaque inside the arterial lumen. Platelet plays a role on formation and development of atherosclerosis. Adhesion of platelets to the endothelial cells followed by releasing platelet granules caused inflammation of endothel. Lymphocytes also play a role in atherosclerosis and atherotrombosis. T lymphocyte was the first to be recruited inside atheromas and gathered along inside an unstable plaque. The severity of stenosis can be calculated using Gensini score. The Aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between PLR and degree of stenosis in CAD.Methods. This study is a retrospective study by collected 110 patients with CAD that had undergone coronary Angiography. Platelets and lymphocyte count were measured by automatic haematologycal analyzer. PLR was measured by dividing trombocyte count with absolute lymphocyte. Angiography findings were calculated using Gensini score and later devided into 3 groups according to degree of severity.Results. 110 patients retrospectively assesed, 80% were male and 20% female. The most age found was 50-59 years (35.5%). Using Anova test there is a significant differences onÂ  PLR between 3 groups of lesions (p<0.05). Continued with Posthoc test, the only significant finding was PLR between moderate and severe lesion. By Spearmanâ€™s Correlation test, there is a positif colleration between PLR and severity of stenosis (p<0.048), with R value 0.189 (3.6%).Conclusions. There was a poor correlation between PLR and degree of stenosis severity in CAD. A prospective study needed to assess PLR as predictor of mortality and morbidity in CAD.
Efektivitas ekstrak metanol akar pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Sebagai antimalaria terhadap jumlah limfosit dalam darah mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Mustofa Danang , Kahtan Muhammad Ibnu , Natalia Diana , Zakiah Mistika , Widiyantoro Ari
Published: April 2020

Malaria is a infectious disease cause by protozoa with genus Plasmodium that is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito. Our immune system which is role by lymphocyte works specifically when body infected by Plasmodium. The secondary metabolites of Pandan Wangi roots (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Â possess as antimalaria. The purpose of this research to know the activity of methanol exctract from roots of Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) as antimalaria on white male mice (Mus muscullus) lymphocyte count infected by Plasmodium berghei. This is a true experimental in vivo with completely randomized design. Antimalaria effect test used methanol extract from roots of Pandan Wangi with concentration 6.5%, 13% and 26%. Positive control group was given 3.74 mg/mL DHP (Dihydroartremisinin-Piperaquin), normal control group was not given any intervention, negative control group was given aquadest. Results of this research show extract with concentration 6.5%, 13% and 26% have the antimalaria effect show by the decrease of parasitemia percentage. In addition, concentration of 26% extract can increase the number of lymphocytes significantly. Extract of Pandan Wangi Roots have antimalaria effect and can increase the number of lymphocytes with the best concentration of 26%. The decreasing number of parasitemia level is not directly related to the increasing of lymphocyte
Perbandingan profil lipid dengan hipertensi pada diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan atau tanpa hipertensi di RS H. Adam Malik, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Jelita
Published: April 2020

Background: Atherosclerosis is a complex process. It involve many pathological event including endotelial dysfunction, abnormal lipid metabolism, trombosit activation, trombosis, oxidative stres, activation smooth muscle in blood vessel. Recently, it is known that inflamation plays a role in every steps of atherosklerosis formation. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the main risk factor of cardiovascular disease. The epidemiology showed that cardiovasculer mortality 2 to 3 times higher compared to population without DM. This study aims to know the difference in lipid profile between type 2 diabeticsâ€™ patients with and without hypertension.Method: This is a cross sectional study, which was held in Patology Clinic Department FK-USU / H. Adam Malik Hospital, from Agustus 2017 to November 2017. Target population is type-2 DM. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for windows.Result: It found 72 subject is 36 people as patient DM type 2 with hypertension and 36 people as control. According to statistic analysis found significant difference between total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL in patients with DM type 2 and hypertension compared with patients with DM type 2 without hypertension (p < 0,05).Conclusion: In this study we found there are significant positive increased level of total cholesterol, trigliseride, HDL and LDL and hypertension on type-2 DM population.