bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dystrophin Genotype and Risk of Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Dystrophinopathies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pascual-Morena Carlos , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Sequí-Domínguez Irene , Fernández-Bravo-Rodrigo Jaime , Jiménez-López Estela
Published: December 2022

Background: Dystrophinopathies are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders due to alterations in dystrophin/DMD expression. Objective: The objective was to estimate the association of developmental disorders, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder with the dystrophin/DMD genotype in population with dystrophinopathies. Methods: Systematic searches of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were performed from inception to September 2022. We included observational studies in the population with Becker or Duchenne muscular dystrophies (BMD, DMD) that estimated the prevalence of these disorders according to Dp140 and/or Dp71 genotype. Meta-analysis of the prevalence ratio (PR) of genotype comparisons was conducted for each disorder. Results: Ten studies were included in the systematic review. In BMD, Dp140+ vs. Dp140– and Dp71+ vs. Dp71– were associated with developmental disorders with a PR of 0.11 (0.04, 0.34) and 0.22 (0.07, 0.67), respectively. In DMD, Dp140+/Dp71+ vs. Dp140– /Dp71– had a PR of 0.40 (0.28, 0.57), and Dp71+ vs. Dp71– had a PR of 0.47 (0.36, 0.63) for ADHD. However, there was no association of genotype with ASD, only a trend was observed for Dp71+ vs. Dp71–, with a PR of 0.61 (0.35, 1.06). Moreover, the data showed no association of these isoforms with emotional-related disorders. Conclusions: In BMD, Dp140 and Dp71 could be associated with developmental disorders, while ADHD might be associated with the Dp71 genotype in DMD. Further research is needed regarding Dp140 and Dp71, especially in DMD for ASD.
Schedule inequity in the National Basketball Association
Authors: Bowman R. Alan , Harmon Oskar , Ashman Thomas
Published: December 2022

Scheduling factors such as a visiting team playing a game back-to-back against a rested home team can affect the win probability of the teams for that game and potentially affect teams unevenly throughout the season. This study examines schedule inequity in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the seasons 2000–01 through 2018–19. By schedule inequity, we mean the effect of a comprehensive set of schedule factors, other than opponents, on team success and how much these effects differ across teams. We use a logistic regression model and Monte Carlo simulations to identify schedule factor variables that influence the probability of the home team winning in each game (the teams playing are control variables) and construct schedule inequity measures. We evaluate these measures for each NBA season, trends in the measures over time, and the potential effectiveness of broad prescriptive approaches to reduce schedule inequity. We find that, although schedule equity has improved over time, schedule differences disproportionately affect team success measures. Moreover, we find that balancing the frequency of schedule variables across teams is a more effective method of mitigating schedule inequity than reducing the total frequency, although combining both methods is the most effective strategy.
Assessing risks at 22–24 weeks gestation
Authors: Aghababaie A. , Zeina M.
Published: December 2022

The recent British Association of Perinatal Medicine (BAPM) guidance published in 2019 suggested for the first time that we can consider resuscitation of extremely premature infants (EPI) at 22–24 weeks gestational age (GA) on a case-by-case basis in the UK. This has sent waves throughout UK neonatal units, and we believe this arises because we’re now confronted with challenging decisions about whether a foetus under 24 weeks will be viable or not, and whether it’s in their best interests to provide ‘survival-focused’ care (SFC) or ‘comfort-focused’ care (CFC). Despite a robust framework introduced by BAPM, we believe uncertainty still remains.
Limitation of developmental test to measure functional independence of children: Relationship between the Japanese version of WeeFIM II® and KSPD
Authors: Sugiyama Mizuki , Aoki Sayaka , Kawate Nobuyuki , Hashimoto Keiji
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to explore whether a developmental test provides enough information to estimate a child’s functional independence. The strength of the relationship between developmental level and functional independence of different skills was investigated. METHODS: The participants were 397 children (age 0–7 years) who were referred to NCCHD for suspected developmental delay. The participants’ developmental level was measured with the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development (KSPD) and their functional independence was assessed through a Japanese version of the WeeFIM II®. To calculate the strengths of the relationship between developmental age (DA) in different domains of the KSPD and WeeFIM II item scores, partial correlation analyses were conducted, controlling for chronological age. RESULTS: Partial correlation coefficients between the score of each of the 18 WeeFIM II items and each of the three KSPD domain DAs (controlling chronological age) fell in the ranges of r = 0.169–0.581 (Posture-Motor; P-M), r = 0.377–0.627 (Cognitive-Adaptive; C-A), and r = 0.332–0.655 (Language-Social; L-S). When the participants were divided into three age groups, the correlations ranged from –0.095 to 0.552 for the youngest group (mean age = 14.21 months), from 0.283 to 0.653 for the middle group (mean age = 32.98 months), and from 0.345–0.692 for the oldest group (mean age = 57.48 months), depending on the combinations of the WeeFIM II items/developmental domains of the KSPD. The results indicated that for most of the daily living skills, its functional independence was only partially explained by the scores of a developmental test, once chronological age was controlled. CONCLUSION: This study showed the limitation of a developmental test as a tool to measure the functional independence of children and the necessity of using an independent tool, such as WeeFIM II, to evaluate the level of required support for each daily living skill.
COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with spina bifida: A national survey
Authors: Aksenov Leonid I. , Myers John , Widener-Burrows Dawne , Thibadeau Judy , Struwe Sara , Kelly Maryellen S
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE: This study aimed to conduct a national survey of individuals with spina bifida (SB) and their care partners to assess COVID-19 vaccination behaviors and vaccine uptake. METHODS: A survey instrument was designed to assess current vaccination status, general perceptions towards vaccinations, and barriers to vaccination within the SB community. Surveys were administered to individuals with SB or their representing care partner. Chi-squared and independent-samples t-tests were used to analyze the relationship between vaccine uptake and demographics. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to test which predictors impacted the odds that a participant received a COVID vaccine. RESULTS: A total of 1,412 participants completed the questionnaire, and 1,145 participants reported their COVID-19 vaccine status. The most common reason for not getting vaccinated was a concern about vaccine safety and efficacy. Overall, healthcare professional recommendations played a significant (OR 2.77 p < 0.001) role in whether to get vaccinated. CONCLUSION: About one in five individuals with SB have not received any COVID-19 vaccine. Actionable and modifiable factors were identified which may help increase vaccine uptake. Importantly, health providers play a critical role in COVID-19 vaccination messaging and should emphasize vaccine safety and efficacy.
Electrodermal and postural responses in dizzy adults: Diagnostic indicators of vestibular migraine
Authors: AlSharif Doaa S. , Tucker Carole A. , Coffman Donna L. , Keshner Emily A.
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION: No reliable biometric measurement of vestibular involvement with migraine is currently available. OBJECTIVE: Measures of autonomic nervous system and postural responses could serve as quantifiable indicators of vestibular involvement with migraine. METHODS: A convenience sample of 22 young healthy adults (34±9 years old) and 23 young adults (34±8 years old) diagnosed with vestibular migraine (VM) participated. A rod and frame test and clinical outcome measures of dizziness and mobility were administered. Participants stood on foam while viewing two dynamic virtual environments. Trunk acceleration in three planes and electrodermal activity (EDA) were assessed with wearable sensors. Linear mixed models were used to examine magnitude and smoothness of trunk acceleration and tonic and phasic EDA. A Welch’s t-test and associations between measures were assessed with a Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Effect sizes of group mean differences were calculated using Cohen’s d. RESULTS: Visual dependence was present in 83% of the VM population. Individuals with VM exhibited lower baseline EDA (t(4.17) = –7.2, p = 0.001) and greater normalized trunk accelerations in the vertical (t(42.5) = 2.861, p = 0.006) and medial (t(46.6) = 2.65, p = 0.01) planes than healthy participants. Tonic EDA activity increased significantly across the period of the trial (F (1,417) = 23.31, p = 0.001) in the VM group. Significant associations appeared between vertical trunk acceleration and EDA, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and Activities of Balance Confidence tools. CONCLUSIONS: Higher tonic EDA activity in healthy adults results in more accurate postural reactions. Results support the supposition that EDA activity and postural acceleration are significantly different between VM and healthy individuals when accommodating for postural instability and visual-vestibular conflict.
Speeding up recursive solutions using memoization
Authors: Dolinsky M. S.
Published: December 2022

In the article, using the example of solving two problems, the methodology for studying the theme "Speeding up recursive solutions using memoization" is illustrated in preparing schoolchildren for Olympiads in informatics. The study is based on the sequential solution of increasingly complex problems. For each problem the following materials are given: the formulation of the problem, the idea of a solution with a proposal to come up with an implementation on their own, the solution in the Pascal programming language. Distance learning system (http://dl.gsu.by) is the effective technical base for teaching. The system allows to offer for a student a formulation of the problem; to submit the solution for review; to get a verdict from the system — a correct or incorrect solution; for incorrect solution, the number of the test on which the solution did not pass is indicated. A student can take a test (input and output data), on which his solution did not pass, figure out what the error is in his program, correct and send the solution again. In addition, for each problem there is a link on it to the topic in the forum at site, where you can ask a question onsolving this problem and  / or read the answer if the questions have already been asked before.
Assessment of Composite Aluminum Adhesive Joints Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Poudel Anish , Chu Tsuchin P.
Published: December 2022

Traditional nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods present significant challenges to detecting and characterizing kissing or weak bonds in adhesively bonded structures. These kissing or weak bonds also cannot transmit shear stresses or handle complex loading modes and, if not detected, can present a significant threat to the structural integrity of the components or systems. This paper demonstrates the digital image correlation (DIC) technique for evaluating adhesively bonded dissimilar materials joints subjected to kissing or weak bonds. The study employed four adhesively bonded carbon fiber reinforced plastics and aluminum (CFRP-Al) lap-shear test coupons with varied bond quality (i.e., with no contamination and three simulated kissing bond defects). The novelty of the approach presented in this paper was that this technique could detect and demonstrate changes in the normal strain (εyy) contour map of the contaminated specimens at relatively lower load levels. This load level corresponds to 15% of the failure load for the silicone and hydraulic oil contaminated sample and around 30% for the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) contaminated sample. In addition, higher compressive strains along the overlap edges were observed in the strain map for the single lap joints due to the higher peeling stresses of the adherend and the stress concentration at the edges of an adhesively bonded joint.
Experimental Investigation of Double-Sided Strain of Composites in Tensile Testing Using MultiCamera DIC
Authors: Fang Siyuan , Zheng Xiaowan , Guo Bicheng , Zen Danielle , Yang Lianxiang
Published: December 2022

Composite materials are widely used in engineering because of their high strength, high modulus, and corrosion resistance. Accurately obtaining the mechanical properties of composites is helpful for their further development. However, in a uniaxial tensile test, the strain distribution between the front and back of the composite sheet sample may differ due to its heterogeneity, and its stress-strain curve depends on which side the strain is measured. To report the stress-strain curve more accurately, a multicamera digital image correlation (DIC) system was employed to measure the double-sided strain in this work. Two sets of 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) systems were placed in front of and behind the specimen to record the tensile process of the specimen, and a double-sided calibration technique was implemented to connect the two sets of 3D-DIC systems into a unified coordinate system. Young’s modulus, percent bending, and local strain history are analyzed based on the measurements of strain on both sides. The results show that the strain on both sides of the composite is not exactly same, especially in the strain concentration area. As a comparison, the strain distribution on both sides of the metal material is almost identical.
A Three-Camera Digital Image Correlation System For Full-Field 3D Shape and Motion Measurement
Authors: Luan LiKang , Crosbie Liam
Published: December 2022

A cluster-approach-based three-camera digital image correlation (DIC) system is introduced for full-field 3D shape and motion measurement. In this system, three cameras are employed to measure the same specimen area at different viewing angles. Data points within the region of interest can be evaluated by arbitrary camera pairs as a stereo DIC system so that data points with the smallest 3D residuum are selected and mapped into one common coordinate system. Two stationary shape measurements and one out-of-plane motion measurement were carried out with the three-camera DIC system. Test results were analyzed based on the same image series, projection calibration, and correlation parameters, but compared using different camera combinations (i.e., three-camera and two-camera data). Three-camera test results show not only an improved surface coverage due to the additional camera viewing angle for uneven specimen surfaces, but also a smaller and more homogenous distributed measurement uncertainty compared to the two-camera test results. The selection of data points with the smallest 3D residuum evaluated from any arbitrary camera pairs enables a better tolerance of the three-camera DIC system against various measurement error sources such as limited depth of field, lens distortion, and speckle pattern distortion due to tilted camera viewing angles.
Strategi Pemasaran Pada Masa New Normal di Praktik Keperawatan Mandiri Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Nurlina Fitri , Sas’yari Usman , Komalasari Komalasari , Karin Dwi Ayu
Published: December 2022

Perawat sangat berpeluang untuk mendirikan praktik keperawatan mandiri. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya diperlukan sebuah strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan kunjungan pasien, terlebih lagi pasca pandemic covid-19 menyebabkan penurunan jumlah kunjungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pemasaran di tempat praktik keperawatan mandiri TNC. Menggunakan mix methode, dengan salmpel 30 responden dan 3 pengelola praktik keperawatan mandiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap keputusan menggunakan pelayanan, dimana bauran produk terlihat ada pengaruh positif. Dari hasil tersebut didapatkanlah strategi yang dilaksanakan yaitu product life cycle yang terdiri dari 4 tahap. Diharapkan pengelola praktik keperawatan mandiri dapat meningkatkan pemasaran dengan konsistensi yang efektif.
Evaluating Satisfaction Factors of Ankle-Foot Orthoses Made by Orthotics and Prosthetics Centers for Stroke Patients in Tehran City, Iran
Authors:   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran., Rahmani Ehsan , Farahmand Behshid ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran., Saeedi Hassan ,   Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran., Kamali Mohammad ,   Department of Management, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2022

Background and Objectives: Stroke is a life-threatening disease that can lead to walking disorders. The orthosis that is generally prescribed for the patients in this situation is ankle-foot orthosis (AFO). For orthotic treatment to be effective, it is important to evaluate the quality of treatment, and one of the most important indicators is the level of patient satisfaction. The present study was conducted to evaluate the level of satisfaction and the factors affecting it in stroke patients who used AFOs made by Orthosis and Prosthesis (O&P) Centers in Tehran. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical study conducted on 64 stroke patients who were referred to O&P centers and had used AFO in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. The data were collected through an interview. The level of satisfaction of stroke patients was examined through an opus questionnaire. Results: The mean±SD overall satisfaction, satisfaction with services, and satisfaction with the device in patients were 69.3±10.7, 36.7±6.7, and 32.6±6.6, respectively. The results revealed a significant relationship between the number of hours of daily use and satisfaction with the device, service, and overall satisfaction (P=0.038, P=0.041, and P=0.009, respectively). Also, there was a significant relationship between cognitive problems in patients and the level of satisfaction with services and overall satisfaction (P=0.032 and P=0.026, respectively). Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, it can be stated that the duration of daily use of the orthosis and the presence of cognitive problems can significantly change stroke patients’ satisfaction with AFO orthosis usage.
Health-related Quality of Life of Elderly Men and Women After a Heart Attack
Authors:   Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Bastani Farideh , Ehsani Ghasem ,   Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Samady kia Parvaneh ,   Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Haghani Hamid ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2022

Background: The most common aging change is increased arteriosclerosis, which can prone the elderly to heart attacks. Physiological and psychological changes deteriorate the health-related quality of life (QoL) of the survivors of heart attacks. However, gender differences may affect the health-related QoL of the survivors. The present study aimed to compare the health-related QoL of elderly men and women after a heart attack in selected educational-therapeutic centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive comparative design conducted on 196 elderly patients (98 men and 98 women in each group) who were referred to the heart clinics of selected educational-therapeutic centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran in 2020. The subjects were selected through continuous sampling. Data were collected by abbreviated mental test (AMT) and MacNew Heart Disease health-related QoL (HRQoL) questionnaire and analyzed by Chi-square test, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression using SPSS software, version 26. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: The Mean±SD age of elderly women and men was 72.59±7.87 and 69.6±8.24 years, respectively. The Mean±SD health-related QoL of the elderly women was 3.89±0.58 and that of elderly men was 4.16±0.82. The results of the independent t-test showed that the scores of health-related QoL and its dimensions were significantly higher in men than in women (P<0.001). The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a negative and significant correlation between age and health-related QoL in elderly men (r=-0.253, P=0.012). The results of simultaneous multiple linear regression revealed that 26.8% of the changes in men’s health-related QoL were explained by their individual characteristics. Conclusion: Considering the lower health-related QoL of women compared to men after a heart attack, more support for women after a heart attack seems necessary. Further research is also recommended to find out the causes of this difference.
A review on Parkinson’s disease symptoms before and after deep brain stimulation treatment
Authors: Maharjan Reeju
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD), followed by Alzheimer’s disease, is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease. Tremors, rigidity, akinesia, and disorders are common PD symptoms. Over the last few decades, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus has become a standard treatment for advanced PD. The aim of this systematic review paper is to see the difference between the symptoms of PD before and after DBS. Methods: We conducted a literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar. We chose research from the past 10 years. We retrieved 64 papers, and seven duplicated papers were removed. We reviewed the abstract for the remaining 57 papers which led to the selection of 29 papers. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria for the remaining 29 papers, 23 papers in the English language were chosen for our review. Results: Five Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) studied the outcomes of DBS and eight RCTs about effects on posture and motor function. Four RCTs investigated the effects on gait and balance, two on tremors, and the remaining two on posture. The effects of DBS on speech and language were compared in two RCTs. Three studies looked at cognitive performance. One RCT studied sleeping versus awake DBS on PD. These studies showed that with DBS treatment, there was significant improvement in posture, motor function, gait, balance, speech, and language. However, more studies are required for the further analysis on dysphagia and urinary dysfunction. Conclusion: Our study contributed to a better understanding of the advantages of DBS for a range of symptoms, but it concluded that additional RCT on dysphagia and urinary dysfunction was required to reach a reliable conclusion. More research is required to determine the effects of DBS on different motor and non-motor PD symptoms to standardize treatment.
Assosiation between Serum Cortisol Levels and Anxiety levels In Elective and Emergency Cesarean Section
Authors: O. S. Nurdin Nadia , J. E. Wantania John , A. A. Mewengkang Ronny
Published: December 2022

Objective: To detect anxiety before elective and emergency cesarean section.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. The number of research samples was 42 samples consisting of 21 pregnant patients with an elective cesarean section plan and 21 pregnant patients with an emergency cesarean section at Prof. RSUP. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado and Network Hospital in Manado from March 2021 to June 2021. Anxiety was assessed by examining serum cortisol and anxiety levels according to the Hamilton questionnaire (HAM-A). The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software.

Results: Cortisol levels were higher in emergency cesarean section (mean 21.590±11.6392) compared to elective cesarean section (mean 10.586±4.9501). Anxiety levels according to HAM-A scores were higher in emergency cesarean section (mean 15.33±7.722) compared to elective cesarean section (mean 7.19±3.614).

Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between cortisol levels and anxiety levels based on HAM-A scores.

Keywords: cesarean section , cortisol, HAM-A score. anxiety,

Abstrak

Tujuan: Untuk mendeteksi kecemasan sebelum tindakan seksio sesarea elektif dan emergensi.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian 42 sampel terdiri dari 21 pasien hamil dengan rencana seksio sesarea elektif dan 21 pasien hamil dengan rencana seksio sesarea emergensi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan RS Jejaring di Kota Manado dari bulan Maret 2021 sampai bulan Juni 2021. Kecemasan dinilai melalui pemeriksaan kortisol serum dan tingkat kecemasan menurut kusioner Hamilton (HAM-A). Data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 23.0.

Hasil: Kadar kortisol secara rata-rata lebih tinggi pada seksio sesarea emergensi (mean 21.590±11.6392) dibandingkan dengan seksio sesarea elektif (mean 10.586±4.9501). Tingkat kecemasan menurut skor HAM-A secara rata-rata lebih tinggi pada seksio sesarea emergensi (mean 15.33±7.722) dibandingkan dengan seksio sesarea elektif (mean 7.19±3.614).

Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif bermakna antara kadar kortisol dan tingkat kecemasan berdasarkan skor HAM-A pada semua subjek penelitian.

Kata kunci: kortisol, seksio sesarea,  skor HAM-A. kecemasan
Book Review: CLARE LAND. Decolonizing Solidarity: Dilemmas and Directions for Supporters of Indigenous Struggles. London, United Kingdom: Zed Books, Limited. (2015). 256 pp. $27.95 (paperback). (ISBN 978-1-783-60173-8).
Authors: Brady Janelle
Published: December 2022

[Introduction]: "Clare Land’s Decolonizing Solidarity: Dilemmas and Directions for Supporters of Indigenous Struggles makes significant contributions to the questions that nonIndigenous people must ask themselves in order to understand the politics of solidarity. Land is a non-Aboriginal person living on Kulin land, a community worker, researcher, and long-time supporter of Aboriginal struggles. Land’s award-winning PhD dissertation interrogates her subject-position as a non-Indigenous person in solidarity with Indigenous communities."
Decolonizing Indigenous Educational Policies
Authors: Abawi Zuhra , Brady Janelle
Published: December 2022

The paper addresses three educational policy documents created by the Ontario Ministry of Education and the Ontario Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Development (formerly known as the Ontario Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities [MTCU]) to target and minimize the ‘achievement gap’ of Indigenous children and youth. The policy documents come at a critical time in which statisticians predict a significant increase in Indigenous populations across Ontario as well as Canada (MTCU, 2011). We critique the policy documents and argue that they represent tools of neo-colonialism that maintain dichotomous power relations in which Indigenous communities are positioned as dependent on the white settler Canadian state as providers. Through an anti-colonial theoretical framework, we interrogate the self-purported altruism on the part of the Canadian government toward Indigenous education initiatives, which masks the neo-liberal agenda of ensuring that the growing Indigenous populations are conforming to the competitive demands of the marketeconomy. 
Parent-Infant Interaction Tasks Adapted for Remote Testing: Strengths, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Segal Shira C. , Moulson Margaret
Published: December 2022

The closure of in-person laboratories and decreased safety of face-to-face interactions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic jeopardized the ability of many developmental researchers to continue data collection during this time. Disruptions in data collection are particularly damaging to longitudinal studies, in which the testing of different age groups occurs on a continuous basis, and data loss at one time point can have cascading effects across subsequent time points and threaten the viability of the study. In an effort to continue collecting data for a longitudinal study on emotion development started in-person pre-pandemic, we adapted two parent-infant interaction tasks (free-play task and toy removal task) for a remote testing framework. Our procedure for pivoting these tasks to a supervised, remote online testing framework is outlined and the associated strengths and challenges of testing in this format (e.g., feasibility and implementation, testing environment and task setup validity, and accessibility, recruitment, and diversity) are critically evaluated. Considerations for applying this framework to other behavioral tasks are discussed and recommendations are provided.
Emerson and Hemingway’s View of Nature within The American Tradition
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Park Kee-Tae
Published: December 2022

Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Transcendentalism was an innovation against Legalism and Antinomianism in those days. However, it was not an anti-religious movement but a serious issue of religious antagonists having dealt with the nefarious authority of religion that suppressed human self. Therefore, Transcendentalism must be arisen against the Calvinistic tradition of America. In the age of Emerson, many people were spiritually confused by the state of irreligion, so Emerson tried to show them the way how to search for the existence of God with the remark “The sun also shines today.” In addition to this, he insisted that in the past as well as in the present, God should exist and rule all over the world. The first anti-authoritarian colonists immigrated to the New World, America, over-spreaded with primitive forest to search for the religious freedom and the genuine relief in God. Here, they could escape from the false and deceptive traditions of religion and conventions of the Old World, Europe, that suppressed the human self. Consequently, we can conclude that the view of nature within Emerson and Hemingway’s works became a kind of the American tradition in culture and literature. Insisting the point that we can attain the state of mystical union of the soul with God in nature, their view of nature has expressed the anti- authoritarianism in American culture and literature for its boundless finding of personal freedom and human integrity since the coming of the first immigrants to America.(Konyang University)
Presentación al Dossier "Modelando Regiones Naturales: Capitalismo, Medio Ambiente y la Geografía del Perú Pos-Colonial"
Authors: Puente Javier , Lerner Adrián
Published: December 2022

Presentación al Dossier Modelando Regiones Naturales: Capitalismo, Medio Ambiente y la Geografía del Perú Pos-Colonial
Sources from Below: A Rebel Archive Rewrites Maritime History of Peru’s Cuarta Región
Authors: Porcelli Apollonya
Published: December 2022

This paper examines how local archives offer an alternative narrative to the industrial expansion of Peru’s cuarta región: the sea. The rise of Peru’s global fishing economy in the postwar era and the parallel establishment of the 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone in 1952 added the sea as a new commercial region beyond the rainforest, mountains, and coast. Over the course of the next two decades Peru’s economy would increasingly depend on a small pelagic fish: the anchoveta (Engraulis ringens). Following the anchoveta collapse of 1973, the national economy struggled to rebound and social unrest clotted the coastline. In response to increasing state violence, scientific opacity, and censorship, one notable archive in addition to several smaller collections, emerged to support a rising tide of labor and environmental activism. Drawing from 12-months of archival and ethnographic research and interviews with key stakeholders this article joins the growing interdisciplinary scholarship on archives to develop the concept of “sources from below”: locally-sourced archives that bolster resistance movements and upend hegemonic ontologies of industrial resource exploitation. I pull from postcolonial work on “sciences from below” and political ecology to offer novel insights into human-ocean interactions in the world’s largest fishery. I conclude with lessons for future scholarship on social movements, environmental knowledge, and resource-dependent economies.
Surface Plasmon Lasers: Quantum Dot
Authors: Ahmed Khalifa
Published: December 2022

A surface plasmon laser incorporates a metal layer, an additional medium layer given on the metal layer, and a round structure segment in which a murmuring exhibition mode is created in which surface plasmon light is produced because of surface plasmon reverberation on a connection point with the metal layer pivots along a circle, and a twisted piece framed to yield a piece of laser light created in the round structure part of the addition medium layer. We consider a thin layer of an n-type semiconductor sandwiched between a metal and a p-type semiconductor, and the p-n intersection is forward-one-sided. The mode design of the SPW, engendering along the metal surface, stretches out up to the p-n intersection, where it incites electron-opening recombination and gets intensified. The optical increase of the SPW laser can be made practically identical to that of a diode laser by lessening the thickness of the sandwich layer.
New Age and Afro-Cuban Religion: Notes on Cultural Creation, between Indigenization and Exogenization
Authors: Gobin Emma
Published: December 2022

In Cuba, New Age and Neo-Pagan healing and spiritual practices (reiki, so-called groups of meditation and « energy », neo-shamanism, wicca, etc.) are today appropriated in connection with endogenous practices. Considering that Afro-Cuban religions are historical instances of religious syncretism, one might be tempted to see there no more than a contemporary extension of their internal workings. However, contrasted ethnographical cases reveal that such a perspective occults the diversity and complexity of the processes at stake. While New Age elements do crystallize in a syncretic integration within Afro-Cuban rituals, the dynamics at work also result in the parallel production of apparent local, (Afro-)Cuban, forms of the New Age that not only enacts forms of cultural “indigenization” but also displays a puzzling, concomitant “exogenization” (or self-exoticization) of local referents.
Molecular Characterization of Aspergillus flavus Strains Isolated from Animal Feeds
Authors: Saber Hadjer , Chebloune Yahia , Moussaoui Abdallah
Published: December 2022

Aflatoxin (AF)-producing fungi such as Aspergillus flavus commonly contaminate animal feeds, causing high economic losses. A. flavus is the most prevalent and produces AFB1, a potent mutagen, and carcinogen threatening human and animal health. Aspergillaceae is a large group of closely related fungi sharing number of morphological and genetic similarities that complicate the diagnosis of highly pathogenic strains. We used here morphological and molecular assays to characterize fungal isolates from animal feeds in Southwestern Algeria. These tools helped to identify 20 out of 30 Aspergillus strains, and 15 of them belonged to the Aspergillus section Flavi. Further analyses detected four out of 15 as belonging to Aspergillus flavus-parasiticus group. PCR targeting the AF genes’ aflR-aflS(J) intergenic region amplified a single 674 bp amplicon in all four isolates. The amplicons were digested with a BglII endonuclease, and three specific fragments were observed for A. flavus but A. parasitucus lacked two typical fragments. Sequencing data of four amplicons confirmed the presence of the two BglII restriction sites yielding the three fragments, confirming that all four strains were A. flavus. In addition, this analysis illustrated the genetic variability within the A. flavus strains.
Isolation, Identification, and Fermentation Medium Optimization of a Caproic Acid‑Producing Enterococcus casseliflavus Strain from Pit Mud of Chinese Strong Flavor Baijiu Ecosystem
Authors: Luo Hao , Li Tao , Zheng Jia , Zhang Kaizheng , Qiao Zongwei , Luo Huibo , Zou Wei
Published: December 2022

Caproic acid is the precursor material of ethyl hexanoate, a representative flavor substance in strong flavor baijiu (SFB). Increasing the content of caproic acid in SFB helps to improve its quality. In the present study, caproic acid-producing bacteria from the pit mud of an SFB ecosystem were isolated, purified, and characterized. Strain BF-1 with the highest caproic acid yield (0.88 g/l) was selected. The morphological and molecular identification analysis showed that strain BF-1 was Enterococcus casseliflavus. The genome of E. casseliflavus BF-1 was sequenced and was found to be 2,968,377 bp in length with 3,270 open reading frames (ORFs). The caproic acid biosynthesis pathway in E. casseliflavus BF-1 was predicted based on the KAAS annotation. The virulence factors in the genome of strain BF-1 were annotated, which showed that E. casseliflavus BF-1 is safe at the genetic level. After adding essential nutrients based on the KAAS annotation, the optimum medium conditions for acid production by strain BF-1 were obtained by performing orthogonal experiments. The caproic acid yield of strain BF-1 reached 3.03 g/l, which was 3.44-fold higher than the initial yield. The optimized fer-

mentation of caproic acid production by BF-1 was reported for the first time. The strain could be further used to regulate the ecosystem in baijiu production to improve its quality.
Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variants in an In Silico Genomic Comparison Study with the Original Wuhan Strain and WHO-Recognized Variants of Concern
Authors: Elssaig Elmutuz H. , Alnour Tarig M.S. , Ullah Mohammad Fahad , Ahmed-Abakur Eltayib H.
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to determine the genetic alterations in the Omicron variants compared to other variants of concern (VOCs) to trace the evolutionary genetics of the SARS-CoV-2 variants responsible for the multiple COVID-19 waves globally. The present study is an in silico analysis determining the evolution of selected 11 VOCs compared to the original Wuhan strain. The variants included six Omicrons and one variant of Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, and Mu. The pairwise alignment with the local alignment search tool of NCBI Nucleotide-BLAST and NCBI Protein-BLAST were used to determine the nucleotide base changes and corresponding amino acid changes in proteins, respectively. The genomic analysis revealed 210 nucleotide changes; most of these changes (127/210, 60.5%) were non-synonymous mutations that occurred mainly in the S gene (52/127, 40.1%). The remaining 10.5% (22/210) and 1.9% (4/210) of the mutations were frameshift deletions and frameshift insertions, respectively. The frameshift insertion (Ins22194T T22195G) led to frameshift deletion (Δ211N). Only four mutations (C241T, C3037T, C14408T, and A23403G) were shared among all the VOCs. The nucleotide changes among Omicron variants resulted in 61 amino acid changes, while the nucleotide changes in other VOCs showed 11 amino acid changes. The present study showed that most mutations (38/61, 62.3%) among Omicron variants occurred in the S gene; and 34.2% of them (13/38) occurred in the receptor-binding domain. The present study confirmed that most of mutations developed by Omicron variants occurred in the vaccine target gene (S gene).
Practical Aspects of the Automated Interactive Resources Formation in the Areas of Implementation of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture from 2017 to 2030
Authors:   Rosinformagrotekh, Chavykin Yu.I.
Published: December 2022

The results of research on the formation of a digital environment for the systematic analysis of information in the areas of implementation of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture from 2017 to 2030 (FSTP) and the creation of factographic databases (FGD) of information resources on the introduction of innovative technologies, the use of agricultural machinery and equipment are presented. The results of scientific research on the formation of open digital resources on the implementation of FSTP subprograms based on the analysis of information from foreign and domestic databases, the creation of a multimedia FGD on machinery and equipment for agricultural production and a navigator for foreign journals in the field of agricultural mechanization are presented.
Experience in the Dissemination of Interdisciplinary Scientific Research and Development in the Field of Agriculture
Authors:   Rosinformagrotekh, Kondratieva O.V. , Fedorov A.D. ,   Rosinformagrotekh, Slinko O.V. ,   Rosinformagrotekh, Voytyuk V.A. ,   Rosinformagrotekh
Published: December 2022

Questions of interdisciplinary scientific research are considered. It was revealed that the use of research results in genetics, radiology, agroecology, etc. contributes to the increase in the competitiveness of the agribusiness. The analysis of the process of dissemination of interdisciplinary research and development in the field of agriculture is given. Examples of the organization of interdisciplinary activities in the agribusiness are shown.
Optimization of Parameters and Operating Modes of a Biogas Plant
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian SAU, Apazhev A.K. , Shekikhachev Yu.A. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian SAU
Published: December 2022

The results of the optimization of the design and regime parameters of the biogas plant of the original design are presented. The values of the temperature of the process of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of the substrate, the duration of its mixing, the number of revolutions of the heat exchanger-mixer, at which the maximum yield of biofertilizer is ensured, have been established.
Comparative Evaluation of the Microflora and Biochemical Constituents of Sorghum-African Breadfruit Blends for Complementary Foods
Authors: AItaman VO , Okenyi CA
Published: December 2022

Complementary foods formulated from locally obtainable, underutilized, low-priced sorghum and African breadfruit seeds were assessed for their microbial quality and nutritional values. The fermented gruel produced from sorghum (Ogi-baba) and African breadfruit flour blends were mixed in varying ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 (w/w.) respectively. The microbiological quality, changes in pH and titratable acidity and proximate compositions of the blends were determined using standard analytical methods. The energy value was evaluated using the Atwater factor. Bacteria isolated from the samples were Bacillus species, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella species and Lactobacillus species while fungal isolates include Saccharomyces species, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus species. The colony-forming units of the bacteria and fungi investigated in the supplemented samples ranged from 1.1×105 ±0.00f to 10.9×107±10.04c cfu/g over the 96 hours of fermentation period. The most predominant bacteria and yeast genera were Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces, respectively in all the blends persisting throughout the fermentation period. The pH of the fermenting samples decreased with a concomitant increase in the titratable acidity with an increase in percentage supplementation and fermentation time. The supplemented product shows significant (p<0.05) increases in the crude protein (18.92±0.02c for 50%), fat (10.36±0.02c for 50%), ash (6.55±0.03b for 50%), and fiber (1.92±0.00 d for 50%) contents with a corresponding decrease in the carbohydrate and moisture content as the levels of substitution with African breadfruit increases from 10% to 50%. The energy value ranged from 340.99±0.11d to 381.76±0.15b kcal/100 g. The use of African breadfruit to supplement sorghum has been shown to have a considerable nutritive effect. Therefore, sorghum- African breadfruit flour blends can serve as a constituent of traditional weaning and adult meals which are low-priced compared to formulated foods.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.12 (1) 2022: 8-14
Isolation and Characterization of Resistant Bacterial Species Isolated From Shallow Well Water Situated Close to Graves as a Public Health Menace in Osogbo, Osun State
Authors: Ozabor PT , Oluwajide OO , Akeju AO , Onifade SJ , Olaniyan SO , Olaitan JO
Published: December 2022

This study was designed to evaluate the physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of well water situated close to graves. Total heterotrophic bacterial count (THBC), total coliform count (TCC) and fecal coliform count (FC) were done on nutrient agar, MacConkey and Eosine methylene blue agar, respectively, using spread plate method at incubation conditions of 37℃ for 24 hours for THBC and TCC whereas 44.5℃ for 24-48 hours for fecal coliforms. Membrane filtration was used for Vibrio spp. count on TCBS agar while conventional biochemical method was performed for bacterial identification. Isolated bacteria were subjected for antimicrobial resistant testing using 8 families of antibiotics. Bacteria with MAR index value of ≥75 were sent for genomic identification and sequencing. The average value of the ten water samples analyzed over the period of study had high total suspended solids (mg/l), phosphate (mg/l); magnesium ion (mg/l) contents and a very low dissolved oxygen mg/L content. The THB count was (5.0×107-1.35×108 CFU/ml), TCC count (3.55×105- 1.04×106 CFU/ml), FC count (2.10×105-6.90×105 CFU/ml) while Vibrio spp. count was 45-144 CFU/100 ml and the MPN estimated reading for coliform was also high. The percentage occurrence and MAR index value of the bacteria isolated from the well water, respectively were Vibrio spp. 23%; 75, Klebsiella spp. 20%; 100, Bacillus spp. 14%; 100, Staphylococcus spp. 14%; 62.5, E. coli 12%; 62.5,  Pseudomonas spp. 12%; 75, Glycomyces spp. 3%; 100 and Proteus spp. 3%; 50. The closeness of the well to the grave makes the decomposing leachates with high organic, inorganic, biological and poisonous metals sink into the underground aquifers.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.12 (1) 2022: 47-53