bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auto-narrative Work as a form of Art Therapy and Contemporary Challenges
Authors: Hucko-Biernat Olga
Published: November 2022

This article presents the assumptions, the aims, and the course of the author's project of art-therapeutic auto-narrative work as a form of an adult development support. The problem concerns proactivity and reflexivity of an individual facing various challenges. The article describes sociological concepts regarding human condition and proposes related definitions of the title challenges. The theoretical background of auto-narrative work is presented by referring to narrative and biographical learning, narrative identity, biographical work, and self-creation. A sketch of the art therapy process leading to increase the ability to better cope with everyday life and achieve self-awareness is outlined. The problem requires further study, research, and discussion of its applicability in practice.
Cultural content in self-education - based on students' autobiographical narratives
Authors: Rodek Violetta , Cabała Agata
Published: November 2022

The article presents a fragment of qualitative research, which is a part of a larger research project concerning the cultural concept of pedagogy, especially cultural practices of young people studying in a full-time mode. The research used the biographical method, the author's narrative interview questionnaire. The sample selection was purposeful and 32 autobiographical narratives were obtained. All interviews were recorded on a voice recorder and then transcribed. A content analysis method was used to analyse the research material. The research yielded a diverse and complex picture of students' self-education with cultural content: Model I: Systematic and purposeful use of cultural content in the process of self-education; Model II: More or less conscious use of cultural content for self-development; Model III: Culture as a manner of spending leisure time - involuntary influence of culture on human development; Mixed models.
Global teenager’s authority. Analysis of the results of nationwide surveys
Authors: Solecki Roman , Mróz Anna
Published: November 2022

In a postmodern world characterized by a polyphony of values, the upbringing and education of young people becomes a challenge for parents, teachers, pedagoguges and educators. In view of the widely proclaimed fall of authority among children and adolescents, the situation seems all the more crisis. In order to find out what adolescents' opinions about their authorities are, the project "Let's be the seekers of authorities" was carried out. 104,055 students of grades 4th – 8th of primary school and 3rd grade of lower secondary school participated in the survey carried out by the survey method. The results show that younger respondents do not always know what qualities an authority should have. It is optimistic that - as shown by the analysis of the collected empirical material - the tasks of authority, such as being available in difficult situations, arousing the trust of teenagers, are most often carried out by the closest people - parents, grandparents, siblings and friends. It is worrying that the role of authorities is not played by teachers and educators; more often, in difficult situations, teenagers turn to their educators for help. Improving the authority of teachers, and educators in particular, is therefore another challenge for the education system and teacher and educator training institutions.
Agro-ecological zonation of Uttarakhand using geo-spatial techniques
Authors: BISHT HIMANI , GAUTUM SHWETA , PURANIK HARSHVARDHAN , NAIN A S
Published: November 2022

In this study, the Agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Uttarakhand were delineated based on land use/land cover, slope, soil texture, temperature and length of growing period (LGP) by using remote sensing and GIS. The Decision Tree Classifier (DTC) algorithm technique was used for delineation of Agro-ecological zones (AEZs). The land use/ land cover map was used as base map and slope map of entire state (other than snow bound region) having five classes (0-5Â°, 5-15Â°, 15-30Â°, 30-50Â° and >50Â°) was overlaid on soil texture map having three soil classes (frigid soils, loamy soils and sandy soils). Thereafter, temperature map with three thermal regimes (<0Â°C, 0-15Â°C, and >15Â°C) and length of growing period with two distinct classes (<120 days and >120 days) were overlaid on existing map. The small classes having number of pixel <1000 and the regions having temperature <0Â°C and slope of >50Â° were removed from the analysis because agriculture is not possible over these regions. Thereafter, the entire state of Uttarakhand was divided into 38 agro-ecological zones (AEZs).
Maximizing blue water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum) through irrigation and mulching
Authors: MADHU M , ADHIKARY PARTHA PRATIM , JAKHAR PRAVEEN , DAS N K , BARLA G W
Published: November 2022

A field study was conducted in sub-humid Eastern Ghats region of India to investigate the effect of different soil moisture conservation practices, viz. no-mulch (NM) as a control, ridge and furrow (RF), Gliricidia mulch (GM) and Lantana mulch (LM) on water productivity, and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under three levels of irrigation (CPE100 = 100%, CPE80 = 80% and CPE60 = 60% ). Total water use by wheat was 270.1â€“365.6 mm during 2016â€“17 and 210.4â€“302.5 mm during 2015â€“16. Averaging both years, wheat used was 88.35 mm (26.8%) and 44.9 mm (13.6%) more water at CPE100 over CPE60 and CPE80, respectively. Among the irrigation levels, higher water productivity (WP) was observed in CPE60 (13.6, 9.8 kg/m3) compared to CPE80 (12.8, 9.3 kg/m3) and CPE100 (11.3, 8.9 kg/m3) for both years, respectively. CPE60 resulted in 5.9 and 15.8% greater WP over CPE80 and CPE100, respectively. Mulching increased WP by 27.8% in GM and 23.3% in LM treatments compared to NM. Irrigation with mulching treatments, CPE60 + GM exhibited WP of 15.9 and 14.7 kg/m3, and CPE60 + LM WP of 11.0 and 10.6 kg/m3 during 2015â€“16 and 2016â€“17, respectively. On an average, mulching treatment produced additional total WP of 2.2â€“2.6 kg/m3, green WP of 0.5â€“0.7 kg/m3 and blue WP of 1.7â€“2.0 kg/m3 over NM. Thus CPE80+ GM could be successfully applied during post-monsoon (Rabi) season in wheat production allowing a water savings of 20% without any yield loss.
Design and development of hybrid solar dryer for flowers
Authors: PACHPINDE PADMAPANI , SHARMA P K , MANI INDRA , PARRAY ROUF A , NAMITA NAMITA
Published: November 2022

A hybrid solar dryer was developed consisting of three shelves of 0.55 m2 area each in the drying chamber. This dryer works on the principal of solar thermal and solar photovoltaic system. The performance evaluation was done with rose and marigold flowers. It was found that both flowers when dried at 45Â°C were significantly (P <0.05) better in terms of retention of anthocyanin and carotenoid content, shape, texture, brittleness, intactness, colour and per cent reduction in diameter. Moisture content (w.b) reduction from 90â€“14%, total drying time (h), reduction in diameter (%), overall drying rate (%/h) and anthocyanin content (mg/g) for solar dried sample was 31.66, 7.43, 2.32 and 2.49 respectively, whereas for control (sun dried) it was found to be 53.66, 17.85, 1.38 and 1.21 respectively. The time of drying was lesser by 65% and 70% for rose and marigold flowers when dried in solar dyer.The sensory analysis showed that solar dried samples were superior in terms of shape, colour, texture, brittleness and intactness as compared to control. Thus the overall acceptability of flowers dried using the developed dryer was better.
Organizing a safe operating room during a pandemic. What did we learn from COVID-19?
Authors: Casaer S , Sebrechts T , Van Houwe P , Rattenberry W
Published: November 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple guidelines have been issued on hospital safety and protection measures to prevent transmission to healthcare workers and to other patients. The operating room is a high-risk environment where enhanced precautions are required. The guidelines differ and practical implementation between hospitals can also vary, according to interpretation and budget. Staff at risk may question if the local policies are sufficient and correct. This article provides an overview and theoretical background to the additional safety measures required in the operating room during a viral pandemic like the COVID-19 pandemic. This may serve as a touchstone and tool for anesthetists and OR managers.
Robinow Syndrome : an anesthetic challenge and review of literature
Authors: Depal V , Patel N , Singh A , Kumar A
Published: November 2022

Robinow Syndrome is characterized by the presence of mesomelic limb shortening, midfacial hypoplasia, hemivertebrae and genital hypoplasia. Multi- organ involvement including cardiac, renal, vertebral dysfunctions have been described.We here report successful anaesthetic management of 1year old boy posted for ophthalmic procedure.
Talleres educativos: la revalorización de la música tradicional moheña en los estudiantes de primaria
Authors: Machicao Ramírez Juan Elmer , Alania Pacovilca Rodolfo
Published: November 2022

La música tradicional moheña posee una gran significancia para los habitantes de la región de Puno y del Perú en general, por representar parte de la cultura ancestral que realza los valores y tradiciones peruanas, por ende, la importancia de realizar talleres educativos como estrategia para revalorizar la misma en los niños de primaria. En el presente artículo se analizó la influencia de los talleres educativos en la revalorización de la música tradicional Moheña de los alumnos de primaria. Se aplicó un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional, empleando la encuesta y el cuestionario dicotómico como instrumento. Los resultados aceptan la hipótesis alterna al determinar que, si existe influencia significativa de los talleres educativos sobre la revalorización de la música moheña, siendo respaldado por estudios similares en la discusión de resultados.
ABSTRACT
 Traditional Moheña music has a great significance for the inhabitants of the Puno region and Peru in general, because it represents part of the ancestral culture that enhances Peruvian values and traditions; therefore, the importance of conducting educational workshops as a strategy to revalue it in primary school children. In this article, the influence of educational workshops on the revaluation of traditional Moheña music of primary school students was analyzed. A quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach was applied, using the survey and the dichotomous questionnaire as an instrument. The results accept the alternative hypothesis by determining that, there is a significant influence of educational workshops on the revaluation of moheña music, being supported by similar studies in the discussion of results.
 RESUMO
A música tradicional mohena tem uma grande significância para os habitantes da região no Puno e do Peru em geral, por representar parte da cultura ancestral que realça os valores e tradições peruanas, portanto, a importância de realizar oficinas educacionais como estratégia para reavaliar a mesma nas crianças do Ensino Fundamental. No presente artigo foi analisado bá influência das oficinas educativas na revalorização da música tradicional Mohena dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Aplicou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, descritiva e correlacional, utilizando a pesquisa e o questionário dicotômico como instrumento. Os resultados aceitam a hipótese alterna ao determinar que, se houver influência significativa das oficinas educacionais sobre a valorização da música mohena, apoiado por estudos similares na discussão de resultados.
Fundamentos de Ginecología y Obstetricia
Authors: Samaniego Criollo Diana Michelle , Tipán Morales Norma Janneth , Ponce Berru Camila Nicole , Alvarez Buitrón Jessica Fernanda , Veloz Muñoz Carlos Alberto , Morales Velasco Crhistian , Jiménez Solano Elizabeth Alexandra , Ochoa Camacho Arianna Jossenka , Aguirre Mercedes , Lucero Lituma Yolanda Valeria , Lizarzaburo Peñafiel Lenin Steve , Villacres Herrera Alicia Ivonne , Dávila Campoverde Johanna María
Published: November 2022

En Fundamentos de Ginecología y Obstetricia se repasan 13 temas relevantes de la especialidad tanto en ginecología como en obstetricia. Obra de consulta que puede ser revisada ya sea por temas de manera individual o en su conjunto como obra de texto. El presente libro está dirigido tanto a médicos generales que optan por esta especialidad como a especialistas en formación que se encuentran realizando sus prácticas en el sistema nacional de salud.
Prevalence of dental caries among primary school children in Poonamallee, Chennai
Authors: Shilpa A  , Mahalakshmi.K
Published: November 2022

Background :
The two most prevalent oral diseases are dental caries and periodontal disease. Humans of all ages suffer from dental caries, but schoolchildren represent the highest priority risk group. The aim of the current study was to utilize the dft/DMFT (DMFT : Decayed missing filled teeth, dft : decayed filled teeth) index to assess the prevalence of dental caries among primary school-aged children in Poonamallee, Chennai. 
Methodology :
Before the study, examiners underwent a series of clinical training to calibrate them. After gathering demographic data which included name, gender, age and socioeconomic class, a clinical examination for dental caries was conducted and the results were documented on a pro forma.
Results :
The study's findings suggest that caries prevalence was more in females than males and also primary dentition had higher prevalence of caries.
Conclusion :
The research shows that dental caries is still a major public health problem even in urbanized areas such as Poonamallee, Chennai.
FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY SUSTAINABLE GOALS
Authors: Dr H Pandey  , E. Untoro  , R. Singh  , E. Nuzzolese
Published: November 2022

The Importance of promoting Human Rights in the Recovery and Identification of Missing and Unidentified persons was presented at 9th International Dental Ethics and Law Society (IDEALS) congress in 2012 and was first introduced in May 2013 at the annual meeting of the Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) conference organized by Interpol in Lyon. Dr. Emilio Nuzzolese, participating odontologist of the Interpol Forensic Odontology working group, highlighted the need to apply the highest identification standards and Interpol guidelines to all unidentified human remains, equally in a DVI scenario as well as in a single missing and unidentified person.  In 2015 these concepts also inspired the creation of an international group of odontologists from twelve Countries called ‘Forensic Odontology for Human Rights’. The group began promoting the need to protect the human rights of the dead to have a name and an identity by participating in conferences and meetings, and through publications and training at most international forensic events. The mentoring of colleagues with the goal of promoting an authentic involvement of forensic odontology in the identification process was also instigated. The continuous growth of the group, along with the need to involve forensic experts from other disciplines, led to the constitution of the Association Forensic Odontology for Human Rights (AFOHR) and the inauguration of humanitarian forensic odontology. Having become a recognized voluntary organization in the context of humanitarian forensics, in 2019 AFOHR board members discussed the steps needed to achieve the rights of having a date of birth and an identity for every deceased individual. Eight forensic odontology sustainable goals were approved: human rights of the dead; human identification action; international partnership; human forensic odontology; strong forensic odontology; human identification kit; quality age determination; dental evidence in crimes against vulnerable persons. Under the auspices of AFOHR that aim is to inspire colleagues and forensic associations to the best administration of Justice for best practices in human identification and age estimation.
Metode dan Corak Kitab Tafsir Al-Tafsir Al-Munir
Authors: Islamiyah Islamiyah
Published: November 2022

The book of Tafsir al-Muni>r: fi> al-‘Aqi>dah wa al-Shari>’ah al-Manhaj is a contemporary commentary compiled by Prof. Dr. Wahbah az-Zuhaili. This book consists of 16 large volume, not less than 10,000 pages. According to prof. M. Ridlwan Nasir, so far there is often confusion in the use of term “manhaj” (method) with tendencies. Therefore, according to him, it necessary to describe the grouping of various methods according to their respective pressure points of points of view. From this approach, it can be concluded that the book of interpretation of al-Muni>r has 4 methods of presentation which are viewed from various different aspects, namely Iqtira>n, muqa>rin,tafs}i>liy, and tah}li>liy. This interpretation has advantages that can cover the flaws of shortcomings in this book for some people.
Kitab al-Atraf dan Tipologi Kitab
Authors: Takwallo Takwallo , Abdurrohman Abdurrohman
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini akan mengulas tentang tipologi atau karakteristik dari kitab hadis yang mengunakan metode al-At}ra>f, mulai dari pengertian al-At}ra>f, sejarah perkembangan metode al-At}ra>f, metode dalam kitab al-At}ra>f, contoh kitab al-At}ra>f, serta faidah-faidah dari kitab al-At}ra>f.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk lebih mengetahui dan mudah dalam memahami kitab al-At}raf. Adapun hasil dari penelian ini yaitu: pertama, al-At}ra>f merupakan salahsatu nama dari kitab hadis yang disusun dengan cara menyebutkan pangkal hadis saja lalu menyebutkan sanad-sanad dari matan hadis tersebut, baik secara menyeluruh atau dengan menisbatkan kepada kitab-kitab tertentu. Kedua, Metode al-At}ra>f ada sejak masa pembukuan hadis (tadwin al-H{adi>th) yakni akhir abad pertama dan awal abad kedua, adapun bukti memperkuat argumentasi ini adalah keterangan ibn Hajar dalam kitab ’ith}a>f al-Mahrah, bahwa Ibrahim ibn Yazi>d al-Nakha’i> (w.96H) “Berkarta tidak mengapa menulis dengan metode al-At}ra>f”. Ketiga, Dalam penyusunan kitab tipe al-Atra>f setidaknya ada dua cara 1, berdasarkan nama-nama sahabat sesuai huruf hijaiyah. 2, berdasarkan huruf awal dari matan hadis. Keempat, Diantara kitab al-At}raf yang terkenal:At}raf al-Kutub al-Khamsah(kecuali ibn Majah) karya Abi> al-‘Ba>s ’Ah}mad ibn Tha>bit ibn Muhammad al-Tarqi> al-H{a>fiz}. 2. At}raf al-Kutub al-Sittah, karya al-H{a>fiz}Abi al-Fad}l Muhammad ibn T{a>hr al-Muqadasi al-Ma‘ruf ibn al-Qisra>ni (w.507 H). 3. At{raf ghara>’ib al-‘Afra>d Li Dar al-Qut}ni> karya ibn al-Qisra>ni. Kelima, Diantara faidah kitab al-at}ra>f. 1, dengan kitab at}ra>f atau al-At}ra>f bisa sangat mudah untuk mengetahui sanad-sanad hadis yang masih satu tema. 2, juga bisa mengetahui siapa saja yang mengeluarkan hadis dari berbagai sumber kitab hadis. 3, bisa mengetahui jumlah hadis yang terdapat pada sumber kitab hadis yang telah dipaparkan dalam kitab al-at}ra>f.
Plasma parameters of a pulsed high-current low-voltage non-sputtering magnetron discharge in light gases
Authors: Kaziev A.V. , Kolodko D.V. , Tumarkin V.A. , Orlov N.P.
Published: November 2022

In this study, the operation of millisecond-scale non-sputtering discharge in hydrogen and helium has been examined. The pulse duration was around 1 ms, and the maximum pulse power was around 80 kW. The plasma parameters were monitored with an electric probe. The optical emission spectra from plasma were recorded synchronously with each pulse by AvaSpec ULS2048 spectrometer. The use of the pulsed non-sputtering modes in hydrogen and helium enables achieving non-constricted plasmas with high density and no traces of optical emission lines corresponding to the species of cathode or anode materials.
Применение Pd-Ba покрытия в пеннинговском ионном источнике
Authors: Садилкин А.Г. , Щитов Н.Н.
Published: November 2022

Рассмотрен метод улучшения рабочих характеристик газоразрядного ионного источника пеннинговского типа, основанный на применении палладий-бариевого (Pd-Ba) покрытия его катодов. Покрытие наносилось методом магнетронного распыления, толщина покрытия составляла несколько микрометров. Для достижения рабочих параметров ИИ покрытие в составе электровакуумного прибора активировалось методом отбора током в остаточной атмосфере водорода. Температура активации была существенно ниже той, что используется в СВЧ приборах в условиях высокого вакуума. После активации наблюдалось улучшение разрядных характеристик ИИ за счёт снижения потенциала горения разряда (при одинаковом давлении). Также был установлен факт повышения доли атомарных ионов в экстрагируемом из ИИ пучке. Эффект снижения потенциала горения объясняется применением эмиссионно-активной добавки (бария), а повышения доли атомарных ионов в экстрагируемом пучке каталитическим действием палладия.
Распад плазмы вакуумного дугового разряда после обрыва тока
Authors: Юшков Г.Ю. , Николаев А.Г. , Окс Е.М. , Савкин К.П. , Фролова В.П.
Published: November 2022

Исследованы процессы распада плазмы вакуумной дуги после обрыва тока разряда в зависимости от импульсного слабо изменяющегося магнитного поля индукцией до 0.6 Тл. В качестве основного метода применялось измерение ионного тока коллектора, находящегося под плавающим потенциалом, смещение которого определялось потоком плазмы вакуумного дугового разряда. Во время функционирования вакуумного дугового разряда с плотностью тока на катоде около 1 кА/см 2 , характерной для большинства устройств на основе вакуумной дуги, ток коллектора определяется преимущественно более подвижными электронами. В результате прерывания тока дуги в цепи коллектора возникал ионный ток. Наличие магнитного поля в разрядном промежутке приводило к немонотонному затуханию импульса ионного тока, что выражалось в появлении нескольких пиков тока. Временной интервал между пиками также зависел от индукции магнитного поля. На основании этих результатов рассмотрено влияние магнитного поля на удержание плазмы в межэлектродном пространстве вакуумно-дуговой разрядной системы.
Study of the structure of SiAlON obtained by synthesis with low-temperature plasma energy
Authors: Vlasov V. , Klopotov A. , Bezukhov K. , Golobokov N. , Syrtanov M. , Volokitin G.
Published: November 2022

This article presents the results of studies of the effect of low-temperature plasma on a sample prepared from powders Si 3 N, AlN, urea solution and liquid glass. X-ray phase analysis established, that the use of plasma chemical synthesis produced the phase β-SiAlON compositions Si 5 AlON 7 with hexagonal system (Pearson symbol hP14, space group P6 3 /m. The diffractograms also show an X-ray amorphous phase and traces of initial compounds. A diagram showing the physical and chemical processes occurring during the interaction of the plasma flux with components in plasma chemical synthesis is presented.
Plasma reactor for material synthesis and waste recycling
Authors: Bolatova Zh. , Pak A.YA. , Gumovskaya A.A. , Povalyaev P.V. , Martynov R.S. , Larionov K.B.
Published: November 2022

At present, the cleanliness of the human environment and the improvement of the environmental performance of the technologies used by them are becoming increasingly important. In this regard, the problem of high-quality waste processing has arisen. Existing industrial methods for the destruction, neutralization and disposal of waste (landfills, sorting, earth filling, incineration, biothermal composting do not meet the requirements of environmental legislation. In this work, an atmospheric electric arc reactor was developed for waste disposal.
Nickel-based superalloy, relation between non-linear ultrasound and microstructure changes due to creep damages
Authors: Ishii Y. , Ishihara K. , Ohtani T. , Sakakibara T. , Kamaya M. , Ohta Y. , Kubusiro K.
Published: November 2022

Nickel-based superalloy, Inconel 718, has high temperature strength effected by γ”(Ni 3 Nb) phase at approximately 973 K. Inconel 718 is characterized in that the γ”-phase disappearance leading to the creep destruction. In the study, we applied the nonlinear ultrasonic for evaluation the creep damage and the microstructural degradation in γ”for Inconel 718 plates. The nonlinear ultrasonic holds the potential of becoming the primary means of characterizing creep in metals, because it can probe the change of dislocation structure during the creep. Its sensitivity to microstructural evolutions during the creep is often higher than that of linear properties. We elucidated the relationship between microstructural change and the evolutions of nonlinear acoustic characterizations three-wave- interacting, with electromagnetic acoustic resonance (EMAR) throughout the creep lifetime, nonlinearly was relationship change in dislocation density. X‐ray diffraction and EBSD, SEM images supported this view.
Phase transformations under thermal treatment in Al-12%Si-Zr system with metastable structure synthesized by compression plasma flows impact
Authors: Cherenda N.N. , Bibik N.V. , Astashynski V.M. , Kuzmitski A.M.
Published: November 2022

Phase transformations in Al-12%Si surface layer after alloying with Zr atoms by plasma impact and following thermal treatment at 450–550°C were studied in this work. Plasma impact resulted in formation of a metastable τ 1 phase with tetragonal structure D0 22 in the alloyed layer. The volume fraction of τ 1 diminished with growth of energy density absorbed by the surface layer and increase of temperature during annealing. The decomposition of the τ 1 phase and the formation of ZrSi 2 upon annealing for 30 min was observed at a temperature of 550°C.
Оптимизация режимов предварительной электронно-ионно-плазменной обработки поверхностного слоя силумина до нанесения нитридных покрытий
Authors: Прокопенко Н.А. , Тересов А.Д. , Крысина О.В. , Петрикова Е.А. , Рыгина М.Е.
Published: November 2022

В данной работе показано, что для увеличения адгезии системы «нитридное покрытие/подложка» и ее износостойкости, где в роли покрытия выступают бинарные системы TiN, ZrN, CrN, MoN, рационально использовать предварительные этапы электронно-ионно-плазменной обработки, такие как ионно-плазменное травление в газовой плазме дугового разряда с накаленным и полым катодами, нанесение металлического подслоя (≈100 нм) и воздействие импульсным электронным пучковом субмиллисекундной длительности. При выборе режимов предварительной электронно-пучковой обработки с целью улучшения адгезионных, механических и трибологических свойств системы «нитридное покрытие/силуминовая подложка» рационально выбирать количество импульсов воздействия 15 и выше, длительность воздействия ≈150 мкс, плотность энергии электронного пучка в диапазоне 25–30 Дж/см2. Показано, что многоцикловая (не менее 2 циклов) электронно-пучковая обработка приводит к значительному увеличению твердости и износостойкости системы «нитридное покрытие/силуминовая подложка».
Высокоскоростной синтез тонких пленок LiPON термическим испарением Li3PO4 в азотной плазме
Authors: Каменецких A.С. , Гаврилов Н.В. , Третников П.В. , Жидков И.С. , Морозов И.А. , Ершов A.A.
Published: November 2022

Тонкие пленки литий-проводящего ионного электролита LiPON перспективны для создания полностью твердотельных литий-ионных микробатарей. Однако наиболее распространенный метод получения таких пленок ВЧ магнетронным распылением имеет низкую производительность. Для увеличения скорости синтеза тонких пленок LiPON, мы использовали метод анодного испарения ортофосфата лития в азотной плазме дуги низкого давления. Показано, что анодное испарение Li3PO4 в дуге сопровождается интенсивным разложением паров Li3PO4, которое приводит к увеличению концентрации свободных атомов лития, как в плазме дуги, так и в объеме пленки. Высокая диффузионная подвижность атомов лития в пленки и их взаимодействие со свободными атомами кислорода, которые возникают в результате замещения атомами азота в структуре LiPON, способствуют образованию в растущей пленки включений с составом, отличным от состава LiPON. Этот эффект затрудняет получение однофазных LiPON пленок с однородной структурой и ухудшает ионную проводимость пленок. Предложен метод непрямого накала тигля с Li3PO4, который уменьшает взаимодействие плазмы разряда с плотным паром вблизи поверхности расплава. Представлены результаты измерения элементного состава пленок и их структуры. Снижение степени разложения паров позволило повысить скорость испарения Li3PO4 и получить LiPON пленки с ионной проводимостью до 2·10-6 (Ом·cм)-1 при скорости осаждения пленки до 15 нм/мин
Hybrid simulation of plasma synthesis of linear-chain carbon on a semiconductor substrate
Authors: Buntov E.A. , Matitsev A.I.
Published: November 2022

The paper presents the results of modeling the plasma synthesis of a carbon coating using ion stimulation. The hybrid quantum-classical method of molecular dynamics was used for the work. The effect of ion stimulation on the growth of a carbon film, as well as on the ratio of hybridization of carbon atoms in its composition, has been studied. Calculations have shown that ion stimulation with energies up to 20 eV increases the number of adsorbed carbon atoms. It was found that the content of sp1, sp2 and sp3carbon is maximum at argon energies of 40, 70, 90 eV, respectively.
Effect of carbon cathode plasma parameters on the structure and properties of deposited coatings
Authors: Liu Y.M. , Song Z.Ch. , Jiang X.H. , Piliptsou D.G. , Rogachev A.V.
Published: November 2022

The results of studying the structure and mechanical properties of the coatings deposited with the use of a pulsed carbon cathode-arc plasma in vacuum are presented. An original technique for evaporating a graphite cathode under the influence of a pulsed discharge with a variable structure (shape, amplitude, and pulse duration) has been developed. The generation parameters of pulsed cathode plasma have been determined, at which carbon diamond-like coatings with higher mechanical properties are formed.
Исследование условий стабильного зажигания несамостоятельного тлеющего разряда при низком давлении в атмосфере воздуха
Authors: Коваль Н.Н. , Денисов В.В. , Яковлев В.В. , Егоров А.О.
Published: November 2022

В работе проводятся исследования возможности стабильного зажигания и горения несамостоятельного тлеющего разряда с полым катодом при низком (0.02–0.8 Па) давлении в атмосфере воздуха. Для стабильного зажигания тлеющего разряда в полом катоде при низком рабочем давлении используется инжекция электронов в полый катод из плазмы вспомогательного тлеющего разряда с полым катодом. Показано, что при токе вспомогательного разряда 300 мА, стабильно формируемом в аксиальном магнитном поле величиной около 30 мТл, коэффициент усиления тока в основном разряде составляет 1.2 при давлении 0.02 Па. Исследуемый тип разряда может быть перспективен для создания электроракетных двигателей, корректирующих высоту космических летательных аппаратов на сверхнизких орбитах до 200 км над уровнем Земли.
Influence of helium ion irradiation on the stress evolution in nc-ZrN/a-ZrCu multilayered films
Authors: Uglov V.V. , Zlotski S.V. , Abadias G. , Veremei I.S.
Published: November 2022

The paper presents the results of stress evolution in nc-ZrN/a-ZrCu multilayered films with different Cu concentration (from 44.6 to 73.8 at.%) and thickness of amorphous layer ZrCu (5 and 10 nm) after He2+ (40 keV and fluences from 5.0´1016 to 1.1´1018cm-2) ion irradiation. It has been found that irradiation with helium ions leads to a decrease in the level of compressive stresses. In this case, for multilayer films with an amorphous layer thickness of 5 nm at a dose of more than 9.0´1018 cm-2, the stresses decrease to zero and become tensile. The decrease in the stress level is mainly associated with the effects of radiation erosion of multilayer films.
Влияние параметров МДО-процесса на шероховатость и ударопрочность покрытий, сформированных на сплавах алюминия Д16 и АМг3
Authors: Кондратенко А.И. , Бутягин П.И. , Екимова И.А. , Арбузова С.С. , Большанин А.В.
Published: November 2022

Микродуговое оксидирование сплавов алюминия в растворах электролитов в импульсном режиме, является одним из перспективных и развивающихся методов получения многофункциональных покрытий. Одна из важных проблем данного процесса - плохая управляемость, обусловленная наличием множества разнородных факторов таких как режим формирования МДО-покрытия, материал подложки. В данной работе показана зависимость физико-химических характеристик МДО-покрытия от режима формирования и от материала подложки. Описана структура, представлены результаты измерения микротвёрдости и EDS анализа на границе раздела металл – МДО-покрытие.
СВС система Ti-Cо-N: механизм фазообразования и роль промежуточных фаз
Authors: Шкода О.А.
Published: November 2022

Работа посвящена уточнению механизма фазообразования в процессе самораспространяющегся высокотемпературного синтеза, нахождению взаимосвязи фазового состава продукта сгорания с типом промежуточных нестабильных нитридов, которые образуются в волне горения, и их связи с диаграммой состояния системы, при изменении различных начальных параметров. Установлена взаимосвязь параметров горения, диаграммы состояния, механизма фазообразования и роли промежуточных фаз нитридов в этом.
Сравнение жаростойкости покрытого хромом циркония и циркония с поверхностным сплавом хром цирконий
Authors: Петров В. , Марков А. , Соловьев А. , Пестерев Е. , Яковлев Е.
Published: November 2022

Представлены результаты испытаний жаростойкости циркония с магнетронным покрытием из хрома и поверхностным сплавами хром цирконий толщиной 1 и 2 мкм. Испытания проведены при 700 ⁰C в течение 10 часов. Показано, что для повышения жаростойкости циркония необходимо стремиться к формированию слоя чистого хрома.
Влияние условий механохимического синтеза на получение наноразмерного порошка магнетита
Authors: Невмывака (Магаева) А.А. , Итин В.И.
Published: November 2022

Проведен мягкий механохимический синтез наноразмерного порошка магнетита без введения инертного разбавителя NaCl в реакционную смесь. Подтвержден прекурсор конечного продукта – Disodium tetraaquabis(sulfato)iron (II), который при последующем нагревании разрушается с образованием магнетита. Определены физико-химические свойства синтезированного продукта.
Тепловой взрыв в порошковой смеси 3Ni+Al, предварительно активированной в низкоэнергонапряженной мельнице
Authors: Лапшин О.В. , Боянгин Е.Н.
Published: November 2022

В данной работе приведены экспериментальные результаты, отражающие влияние параметров предварительной низкоэнергетической механической активации (НМА) никеля на температурно-временные характеристики синтеза интерметаллида Ni3Al. Показано, что предварительная НМА способствует интенсификации синтеза интерметаллида Ni3Al в режиме теплового взрыва вследствие повышения запаса избыточной энергии, содержащейся в структурных дефектах. Также выявлено, что мягкие условия механоактивации исходной порошковой смеси в низкоэнергонапряженной мельнице позволяют избежать эффектов ее дезактивации.
Dark current behaviour analysis for avalanche photodiodes
Authors: Douhan R.M.H. , Kokhanenko A.P. , Lozovoy K.A.
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with the results of serial of analytical calculations which have been done on an avalanche photodiode made of germanium with silicon quantum dots (QD) which has multilayers of QDs to determine its characteristics. In these calculations we focus on the main parameters that determine the performance of avalanche photodiode such as tunneling current, photosensitivity, multiplication factor, noise spectral density and avalanche noise factor. The study also compares the results of germanium silicon avalanche photodiode with other avalanche photodiodes made with different materials. The model which has been used for calculation is considered with a separated absorption and multiplication regions operation under several conditions varied between classical and Geiger mode.
Luminescence of dye after exposure to electron beam radiation
Authors: Bocharnikova E.N. , Tchaikovskaya O.N. , Mayer G.V. , Solomonov V.I. , Makarova A.S. , Osipov V.V. , Chaikovsky S.A.
Published: November 2022

The article presents the results of measuring the luminescence of ambient air and a solution of an organic compound, when they are irradiated with a high-current pulsed electron beam with an average energy of Ee = 170 keV and a duration of 2 ns, formed by the RADAN-303 accelerator. It has been shown that under the action of UV radiation, the transformation of the Crystal Violet dye is only 2%. The addition of hydrogen peroxide leads to an increase in the phototransformation of the dye. The action of an electron beam on an aqueous dye solution is accompanied by a decrease in the intensity of air luminescence bands with an increase in the number of irradiation pulses. The results showed the degradation of both the dye itself and its transformation products under the action of an electron beam.
Comparative study of the response of plastic materials to the high-current electron beam of the Кalmar facility impact
Authors: Kazakov E.D. , Orlov M.Yu. , Sadovnichii D.N. , Strizhakov M.G. , Sheremet’ev K.Yu.
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the results of a study of the impact of a high-current electron beam of the Kalmar accelerator with a cutoff electron energy of up to 350 keV on igdantine and low molecular weight nitrile butadiene rubber SKN-18-KTR. The materials are similar in mechanical and physical properties, but differ in chemical structure. It has been shown that, at a beam energy of less than 600 J, the destruction of igdantin begins to a depth significantly exceeding the electron range, while nitrile rubber withstands a load of more than 700 J without significant damage. It is demonstrated that the dynamics of plasma expansion from the surface of igdantin regularly demonstrates specific.
Positron annihilation analysis of nanosized metal coatings Zr/Nb after He+ ion irradiation
Authors: Laptev R. , Lomygin A. , Krotkevich D.
Published: November 2022

New technologies for obtaining structural materials resistant to hydrogen and radiation damage are pressing problems of materials science. Hydrogen damage and radiation degradation are important factors limiting the fatigue life of structural materials. One promising alternative in the development of radiation-hydrogen resistant materials with improved physical and mechanical properties is the application of nanoscale metal systems (NMS). The present work is devoted to the study of the defect structure of Zr/Nb NMS with a thickness of separate layers of Zr and Nb of 100±10 nm after irradiation by He+ ions with doses from 3⸱1016ions/cm2 to 3⸱1017 ions/cm2 using positron annihilation spectroscopy and XRD analysis.
Irradiation effect of intense pulsed ion beam on (TiZrNbTaCr)C
Authors: Zhang S.J. , Chen L. , Stepanov A.V. , Lapteva O.P. , Kholodnaya G.E. , Yu X. , Xu M.F. , Wang Y.J. , Remnev G.E. , Le X.Y.
Published: November 2022

Intense pulsed ion beam (IPIB), featured with pulsed high-power density, has been widely used in the modification of materials. The influence of IPIB irradiation on surface microstructure and phase structure of (TiZrNbTaCr)C ceramics was investigated in this work. Experiments were carried out using TEMP-4M accelerator with peak accelerating voltage, current density, and pulse duration (FWHM) of 220 kV, 150 A/cm2, and 80 ns respectively. Atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the surface microstructure and phase structure of (TiZrNbTaCr)C ceramics under IPIB irradiation. The AFM and SEM images showed that the grain size of (TiZrNbTaCr)C increased, and the size and quantity of holes decreased after IPIB irradiation which might improve the erosion resistance of material. After IPIB irradiation, the segregation of Cr and Ta elements were observed by EDS measurement. The phase structure stability of samples under IPIB irradiation was confirmed by XRD and the lattice parameters and crystal spacing was discussed as well.
Generation of Ar K-shell radiation using a hybrid gas puff with an outer plasma shell
Authors: Shishlov A.V. , Cherdizov R.K. , Kokshenev V.A. , Kurmaev N.E. , Vagaytsev S.A.
Published: November 2022

In our work, we investigated a new type of load, a hybrid gas puff with an outer plasma shell, as a plasma radiation source for efficient production of K-shell radiation at microsecond implosion times. The hybrid load had the following structure: an inner argon jet injected on the axis of the system, an outer deuterium shell formed at a diameter of 80 mm, and an outer plasma shell located at a diameter of 350 mm. The experiments have been carried out on the GIT-12 generator (4.7 MA, 1.7 µs) that operated in a microsecond mode. The experiments showed that the hybrid load is capable to provide a stable Z-pinch compression at implosion times of 750–800 ns. The experimental data on the Ar K-shell radiation yield were compared with the theoretical predictions to estimate the efficiency of a new type of Z-pinch load. The maximum registered Ar K-shell radiation yield was 1.7 kJ/cm that corresponds to the efficiency of the plasma radiation source of almost 70%. Therefore, we consider this type of Z-pinch load as promising and plan to continue our research in this direction.
FRC collider
Authors: Mozgovoy А.
Published: November 2022

A method for the formation of a compact torus (CT or FRC) – a closed current loop in plasma – using an inductive energy storage device is proposed. This method has shown a high efficiency of magnetic energy conversion of the accumulator. Two compact tori accelerated towards each other, at the point of collision, gave a plasma temperature of more than 1 keV and a duration of soft X-ray radiation of about one microsecond, which is three orders of magnitude longer than the duration of such radiation at the Z-machine facility, USA.
Study of processes in polymer targets under high-energy exposure
Authors: Olkhovskaya O. , Boykov D. , Gasilov V. , Kazakov E. , Tkachenko S. , Smirnova A.
Published: November 2022

We studied the impact of a powerful relativistic electron beam on polymer targets at energy density up to 1 kJ/cm2. Experiments were carried out on high current electron accelerator “Kalmar” at beam current up to 45 kA and electron energy up to 300 keV. Laser shadow streak image was used to visualize the dynamics of shock waves in transparent materials. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of gasdynamic phenomena in the diode gap and elastoplastic phenomena that depend on them in the target material was performed using MARPLE3D multiphysics software package. The new technique was designed for end-to-end modeling including heating and evaporation of the target under the action of the electron beam and nonlinear wave processes leading to internal fractures and spalling phenomena in the target material. We use wide-range equation of state for the description of the liquid and solid phases of matter at low temperatures. Appropriate modeling of this complex problem is based on high resolution numerical methods as well as on high performance computing. The implemented computer models are verified by experimental data. The developed software can be used for numerical stress-strain analysis of various structural units loaded by strong pulsed forces and/or energy fluxes.
Conduction current in low-density plasma opening switches
Authors: Loginov S.
Published: November 2022

The paper analyzes two concepts of conduction in a low-density plasma opening switch: based on the formation of a bipolar space charge layer subject to unlimited cathode emissivity (bipolar model) and of a unipolar ion layer due to electron motion off the cathode under an electric field induced by magnetic field penetration into the plasma (unipolar model). A comparison of unipolar-model expressions with widely known experimental data shows that the conduction current behaves strictly as Ic µ n1/2 at any plasma bridge length in the range of plasma densities from ~1011 cm-3 to ~1014 cm-3 and current rise rates from ~0.3 kA/ns to ~4 kA/ns. Holding the conduction current constant at any bridge length l requires that nl2 be constant. As the magnetic field rise rate is varied, the conduction current follows Ic µ Ḃ1/2. These results differ radically from what is predicted by the bipolar model. Also presented in the paper are arguments of why the axial current channel width varies nonmonotonically during a pulse and estimates of the electron temperature at different plasma densities and field rise rates.
Time-resolved measurement of the temperature of a pinched dense plasma by the ratio of the signals of two X-ray diodes with different spectral response
Authors: Sorokin S.A.
Published: November 2022

When liners (hollow cylindrical shells) are imploded by the current of a pulsed generator, the density of particles and energy of the pinched plasma are largely determined by the implosion time (initial radial size) of the liner, which should be longer than the rise time of current through the liner. Due to the preliminary injection of plasma into the region of the liner load, the rise time of the current through the liner can be reduced to several nanoseconds, and the initial radius of the liner can be reduced to 1 mm or less. This approach makes it possible to obtain a plasma column with a particle density higher than the particle density in a solid, and a plasma energy density of more than 108 J/cm3already at a generator current of 1–2 MA. The spectrum of thermal X-ray emission from such a plasma can be close to the Planck spectrum, which makes it possible to determine the plasma temperature from the ratio of the signals of radiation sensors with different spectral responses. In this paper, under the assumption of the Planck radiation spectrum, the temperature dependence of the signal ratio of two photoemission X-ray diodes (XRDs) with an aluminum photocathodes and polypropylene filters 10 µm and 20 µm thick is calculated. The calculation results were used to determine the temperature of the pinched plasma in experiments on the implosion of thin aluminum foil liners.
Характеристики плазменных струй сильноточного вакуумного разряда
Authors: Кокшенев В. , Курмаев Н.
Published: November 2022

Исследованы источники плазмы на основе сильноточных вакуумных разрядов в парах материала электродов из алюминия, меди и тантала, инициированных пробоем по поверхности керамики на основе окиси алюминия. Протестировано несколько геометрий разрядных промежутков с керамической вставкой из корунда между катодом и анодом. Для двух режимов разрядного тока с амплитудами 4–19 кА и полупериодом ~2.4 мкс сформированы плазменные потоки со скоростями от 4 см/мкс до 8 см/мкс и концентрацией до 1015 см-3. Из-за высокой термостойкости диэлектрической вставки из корунда абляция керамики незначительна. Плазменный поток в основе своей состоит из ионов материала электродов. Экспериментально показано, что определяющим фактором в ускорении плазмы является не градиент давления, а объемная электродинамическая сила токонесущей плазменной струи.
Efficiency of moderately relativistic resonant S-band BWO
Authors: Molchanov P.V. , Gurnevich E.A.
Published: November 2022

The scheme of a resonant relativistic backward wave oscillator (BWO) was proposed by the group of researchers from IHCE SB RASfor efficient generation of high-power microwave radiation in the S-band while maintaining relatively small structure length about 2.5 λ. As far as can being found from publications, the scheme proposed uses high-current relativistic electron beams with energies of 0.7–1.5 MeV and a strong guiding magnetic field (at least 1.5 T, typically 2–3 T). In this paper, we propose a variant of a resonant relativistic backward wave oscillator that operates at moderately relativistic beam energies (450–550 keV) and at guiding magnetic field values starting from 1.3 T. Compared to the original resonant BWO geometry, in the current investigated scheme, the length of the periodic structure is increased by 1 period. For optimization using particle-in-cell code XOOPIC, the length of the insert between the cutoff-neck and the periodic structure, as well as the profiles of two terminal corrugations (defining the reflections from boundaries of periodic structure) are varied. It is shown in the numerical simulation that for a beam energy of 500–550 keV the average radiation power in proposed RBWO reaches level of 1 GW and efficiency is up to 27–28%.