bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF IMPLICATING TEACHERS FORM THE RURAL AREA IN USING ICT SKILLS AND TOOLS - A MILESTONE
Authors: Scoda Andreea diana
Published: February 2023

This paper plans on analyzing recent research studies concerning the impact of using ICT skills and tools for teachers. However, the main focus will be on the impact of implicating teachers from the rural areas in using these skills and tools. Another main focus of this paper will be to: examine the impact of implicating teachers from the rural area in different ICT projects; compare urban and rural results gathered from the teachers; analyses the impact of using ICT skills and tools for teachers from the rural area (utility, personal development, limits, needs etc.); compare the results with other studies on this topic (at a national and international level) etc.
It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the fact that the European Union is implementing lifelong strategies policies to encourage the development of ICT skills for teachers. In this sense, we can make reference to different documents that underline various aims that have been developed at the European level in order to ensure correlation between Member States (Memorandum on Lifelong Learning, Council Resolutions etc.). Thus, all countries, including Romania is faced with the fact that it has to improve and develop effective teaching and learning methods and contexts for continuum of lifelong learning, including ICT - Based learning technologies.
A recent evaluation report steered with the support of eTwinning project shows that teachers from the rural area are developing more and more ICT skills. The evaluation was conducted in the period October-December 2012, by a team of researchers from the TEHNE Romania (The Centre for Innovation in Education) and from the Institute of Education Sciences.
The evidence from this partial evaluation report suggest that: 35,4% of the teachers surveyed from the rural area attended online course; 43,6% of the teachers investigated used the eTwinning portal for continuous professional development; after attending the eTwinning program, 75,2% of the teachers surveyed from the rural area are putting more accent on using ICT support tool in their teaching.
Methods and techniques: analysis of documents - research studies, laws, regulations circumscribe / structured legal framework of training and education on this issue, as well as: theories, forms, case studies etc.; survey questionnaires (partial evaluation results from eTwining project and other research papers on the topic).
Returning to the purpose of this paper posed at the beginning, the article plans on analyzing the impact of implicating teachers from the rural area in developing ICT skills, as well as identifying the level of ICT tools usage: competences reached, limits, needs, opportunities, personal development etc.
VALORISATION OF VIDEO REGISTRATIONS IN THE VIRTUAL GUIDANCE OF TEACHING PRACTICE
Authors: Neacsu Mihaela gabriela , Dumitru Georgiana
Published: February 2023

The paper presents a pedagogical experiment of valorising in the virtual space the video registrations made during teaching practice, of analysis and reflection of the students participating in the study on filmed teaching experiences. A number of 24 students in the IIIrd year at the Faculty of Psychology, Pitesti University, and 3 teaching practice tutors participated in the study.
The video registration material which constituted the support for analysis, discussion and reflection in the course named Virtual guidance of teaching practice - VGTP (existent on the Moodle platform) includes: specialty lessons /activities/ demonstrative didactical sequences considered good practices, taught by mentor teachers; lessons/activities/didactic sequences taught by students teaching individually /in a team, homeroom classes/sequences of certain activities performed with parents, school counselling activities/educational activities/learning sequences performed outside school.
The qualitative methodology associated to the analysis of video registrations causes the professional contextual, relevant, active and reflexive learning and training, based on the integration of personal experiences as learning sources.
The purpose and objectives of the article circumscribe to the following finalities: the analysis of the video registrations of the lessons taught by students allows the students participating in the virtual guidance of teaching practice to identify the positive elements of teaching a lesson/teaching practice activity, the desirable behaviours at stake during the didactical activity, but also the potential difficulties, lacks and lacunae registered by it in the concrete didactical situation of the classroom activity. Students look at each other like in a mirror and learn one from the other.
The tutor's role in the virtual guidance of teaching practice consists in generating reflection based on the video registrations made available to students for watching, in orienting students' attention to the relevant aspects of the learning situations gone through by well addressed questions. The questions formulated by the tutor shall orient students' thinking and determine the re-watching of the respective video sequences in order to catch the details that may not be noticed and to find out the answers to questions.
The conclusions of the article highlight the advantages and limits of the virtual valorisation of the lessons/activities presented by students and registered on video means, highlight users' access to a common video base from which they can learn and which invites to individual/group reflection, but which generates a certain emotional detachment of both the tutor and of the student by the fact that the watched activities are not live, the analysis time does not occur immediately after the registration and especially there is the risk of the excessive focus of the tutor on the technical aspects of teaching.
NEW COMPETENCES E-RESEARCH FOR HISTORICAL STUDY OF EDUCATION
Authors: Csorba Diana
Published: February 2023

The epistemological foundation of the pedagogy is one of the current priorities for the educational research strategies. The research approach of the educational field is revalued and redesigned in a period in which new information and communication technologies have become instruments of research processes inherent in any field of social sciences knowledge. E-research is a broad term used to describe a set of activities that harness the power of advanced information and communication technologies for research. It is obvious that any quantitative research does not properly validate assumptions can study without proper harness these e-tools. A less explored territory, in this perspective, is historical research educational phenomena. This article aims to identify and analyze historical research in the educational field design in terms of capitalization ICT resources.
E-Research methodologies and capabilities can be applied in all research fields , not just those with a traditional affiliation to a high-performance computing. We consider issues underscores the importance of developing and improving the skills to use ICT and digital resources in historical research design development and implementation of education and skills for communication within research groups through the implementation and use of specific ICT tools within the program initiated research. The important aim is to identify several theoretical and methodological guidelines in the specificity of the historical research in education using the ICT resources. The article concludes with some recommendations for an appropriate exploitation of digital resources as opportunities to practice new skills specific for the current profile of the historical -researcher in the educational field.
INTEGRATING INFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY IN PRIMARY AND PRE-PRIMARY TEACHING ACTIVITIES - STUDY CASE
Authors: Margaritoiu Alina , Eftimie Simona
Published: February 2023

Introduction
CConsidering nowadays student's psycho-social profile (traits, interests, values), a natural consequence is to reconsider teacher's competences able to optimally interact in didactic activities with his pupils.
Purpose of study In this context, our study is exploring primary and pre-primary teacher's awareness about the purpose and the effects of using informatics technologies in didactic activities.
Our study have followed to analyse the hypotheses that there is an obvious discordance between didactic methodologies (and technologies) currently used by teachers in didactic activities and those used during demonstrative lessons performed in order to be evaluated and to obtain first didactic degree.
Research methodology In order to fulfil our purpose we have investigated 10 primary and pre-primary teachers (with first didactic degree and at least 10 years didactic experience) and 10 members of the examination committee for the granting first didactic degree (lecturers / professors from universities and schools inspectors). Our methods were observation, individualised interview and opinion questionnaire.
Findings and interpretations Our hypothesis has been confirmed: teachers from primary and pre-primary schools (especially those form primary schools) are using in an overwhelming proportion (86%) informatics technologies especially in a demonstrative purpose (during demonstrative lessons performed in order to obtain first didactic degree) and less in current practice.
Conclusion This result indicate primary and pre-primary teachers interest for a valued self-image (see the principle of self presentation by E. Goffman, 1959) demonstrated in front of evaluation committee and less for raising the efficiency of didactic activity (and raising pupils' motivation, receptivity, contextual learning etc.). Other results are discussed here.
Our study is focused analyse of the primary and pre-primary teachers' motivation for using IT in assisted / demonstrative lessons in order to obtain didactic degree. Using documents' analyze, focus-group and individualised interview we have reached to the conclusion that teachers from primary and pre-primary schools are using in an overwhelming proportion informatics technologies especially in a demonstrative purpose (in order to obtain first didactic degree) and less in current practice. Other results are discussed here.
PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS ONLINE COUNSELLING AMONG EDUCATIONAL ACTORS FROM SPECIAL SCHOOL
Authors: Margaritoiu Alina , Eftimie Simona
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement: Although in recent years our country was implemented a number of projects for the widening of e-counselling, special education, considering this issue, is a neglected area. In this context, we considered as necessarily a study concerning online counselling where educational actors from special school were our investigated subjects.
Purpose of Study:This paper contains a preliminary study to explore perceptions educational actors (head teachers, therapists, and teachers) from a special school (Prahova County) towards online counselling. The objectives of our study are: to identify their attitudes and needs toward counselling, to mention their preference for specific types of counselling (face to face or online), to specify the advantages and disadvantages for online counselling, thus providing a theoretical and practical framework for counsellors and authorities in this field.
Research Methods: We have utilised focus group and individualized interview on a sample of 36 educational actors (6 specialists and 30 teachers from primary and secondary school).
Findings:The results of this study indicated that 56% of educational actors do not recognize their counselling needs; from them, 44% manifested their will to be counselled and most of them prefer face to face counselling in spite of online counselling and more, they want to participate to counselling sessions outside school.
For most of our subjects (73%) online counselling has more disadvantages and less advantage. None of investigated subjects have a certificate that proves online counselling competences, and more, do not manifested their interest for trainings or workshops on this field.
Conclusion:The results of this study showed that online counselling is a neglected area in special educational and the lack of publicity among educational actors has maintained the lack of information and unfavorable mentalities towards advantages of this service. So, through this study and our recommendations, we intend to draw attention to the policy makers and education responsible in order to increase the efficiency of online counselling provided to beneficiaries.
EXPERIENCES OF TEACHING EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS
Authors: Marchis Iuliana
Published: February 2023

Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) is a core subject in pre-service teacher training. This course not only teaches students how to choose adequate educational software and how to use it in the classroom, but also teach them how to design and develop simple educational software. As these teachers will teach in Hungarian schools, and in some school subjects there are only few educational sotfs in Hungarian, it is important that they know has to develop their own electronic lessons if they want to use CAL in their classroom. This research was carried out during CAL classes for students with Psychology, Special Pedagogy and Primary and Preschool Pedagogy specialization. During these classes students were asked to develop a short educational software using Microsoft Power Point. As they don't know any programming, I considered that Power Point can be used for this purpose even if the technological solutions are limited in this program. Interactivity can be assured using animations and links, but for this the developer has to be creative. Because the use of the developing software is simple, students didn't spend time with learning the program they have to use, they could more focus on the content and didactical approaches. The main purpose of this research is to analyze educational softwares made by pre-service teachers with Psychology, Special Pedagogy and Primary and Preschool Pedagogy specialization during CAL classes. These softwares are analyzed using a criteria system in which the main criteria (broken down in sub-criteria) are related with content, didactical processing of the content, fulfilment of the pedagogical principles for e-learning, attractiveness, design, usability. Based on the research results we have formulated some conclusions which could help in redesigning the CAL course in order to get higher quality outputs from students.
EXPLORATION ON THE AFFECTIVE STATES AND LEARNING DURING AN AUGMENTED REALITY SESSION
Authors: Ivanova Malinka , Panteva Pavlina
Published: February 2023

A wide variety of educational practices are supported through Augmented Reality (AR) technology achieving high level of engagement and motivation that are central concepts in different learning theories. AR is adopted in classroom sessions as well as in outdoor activities using desktop, web-based or mobile applications. It is a suitable supplementary tool extending educational scenarios in blended learning, online learning, formal and informal learning, self-paced learning. AR is seen as a catalyst for knowledge construction and transfer posing the learner in the role of an active participant who explores and experiments in a unique technological environment. Successful learning practices are well described showing the potential of AR to promote creativity, curiosity and discovering approach at gathering new knowledge or applying existing facts. As it can be seen the positive results of AR implementation on learning outcomes are well studied and documented, but this does not reveal the causes of that. On the other hand, the cognitive process, learning and affective circumstances are strongly connected as it is proved in scientific reports of psychologists, neuroscientists and educational experts.The gained results from an experiment with teachers from primary school related to the influence of Augmented Reality (AR) technology on affective states and learning are presented. Positive and negative emotions are important part in teachers' preparation of pedagogical content, curriculum development and relationship creation with children. According to the teacher's pedagogical strategy and presented content different emotions could be induced to pupils. The findings point that AR technology based learning objects play an important role to settle emotions and feelings like concerned, attentive, enthusiastic, excited, activated, with new idea, joyful.
Successful learning practices are well described showing the potential of AR to promote creativity, curiosity and discovering approach at gathering new knowledge or applying existing facts.
A wide range of research publications demonstrate that the appropriate affective learner's states can lead to the effective learning. The importance of positive emotions on stimulation of creative thinking, efficacy in decision making and in support of problem solving is explored too. The relationship among AR technology usage, resulting emotions and learning achievements are not explored and it is a challenge producing several research questions like: How does AR technology influence on the learners affective states?, How the learners emotions evolve during an AR session?, How the correlation among AR technology and emotions reflect on the learning experience? The research methodology includes three main procedures: (1) literature review about the important emotions for a learning process, (2) creation of exploratory tools for emotions gathering during an AR session, (3) experiment organization and result analysis.
ONTOLOGY-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF A STUDENTS EVALUATION SYSTEM
Authors: Bogdan Crenguta madalina , Ciobanu Gabriela
Published: February 2023

The use of ontologies in the development of the test generation systems turns to be more and more important in the last years.
In this paper, the development process of a students evaluation system is described. The process contains activities for creating an application ontology, software requirements analysis, software architecture design and implementation.
The application ontology is used for storing the knowledge of the application. Knowledge is formed by concepts from the problem and solution domains. The ontology will be read and modified by the system during its execution.
During the software analysis, the software actors of the system were identified and the software use cases were described using a structured text-based template. In addition, the software use cases were depicted in a UML software use cases diagram.
To design the software architecture we used the Model-View-Controller architectural pattern. This pattern classifies the objects in three categories: model, views and control objects. The classification criterion is given by the responsibilities of the objects from each category. In addition, we used many design patterns such as General Responsibilities Assignment Patterns (GRASP) and Singleton.
The software architecture was constructed from two perspectives: behavioral, creating sequence diagrams and structural, by class diagrams.
The software architecture was implemented using the Java language. In order to use the application ontology, we employed the Protégé-OWL API.
This software process could be applied in order to develop any software system that employs an application ontology that memorizes pieces of knowledge important for the functioning of the application.
REALITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF E-LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM FROM ROMANIA
Authors: Dragomir Camelia , Panzaru Stelian , Stefanescu Roxana
Published: February 2023

In the context of information avalanche and the economic and social environment changes, The traditional teaching and learning methods cannot face the knowledge amount and the dispertion of the qualifications, jobs and activity domains, which become more and more specialized and interconnected. Network communication and Internet have expanded the way in which education can be delivered to the learners of today. Today's networking technologies provide a valuable opportunity to the practice new of teaching and learning methods. The new methods can add value to traditional face-to-face methods. Also, the educators are discovering that new didactic technologies may lead to the facilitating and enhancing social interaction. Therefore, e-learning represents a more and more important concern of all education providers and an inevitable direction for the future in Higher Education. In the past years, e-learning has been used effectively in universities from Romania. Focused on this subject, the paper wants to highlight the significant aspects related to the role e-learning in higher education. In the paper we will present the reasons for which e-learning is appropriate and needed in universities from Romania. It also discusses the opportunities, advantages and disadvantages of the e-learning system. We will also present information related to the open educational resources (OER ) used in e-learning to support access to knowledge (WEB 2.0/ e-Learning). The study is based on the theoretical and applicative research that we did on e-learning system in higher education. The authors
WESTERN TECHNOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL DETERMINATION OF E-LEARNING
Authors: Boaca Margareta
Published: February 2023

Awareness of the cultural dimensions of the e-learning process is part of the wider trend that is characteristic to the contemporary epoch and which increasingly highlights the multiple and profound ways in which culture determines the values and needs, actions, attitudes, patterns of thought of people. In the specific context proposed for debate by the present scientific meeting, culture plays an important role in determining the ways in which teaching and learning are supposed to develop in a certain society. An important part of the cultural dimension of e-learning is related to the way in which e-learning is perceived and works in certain cultural environments.
It is the purpose of my article to highlight the very cultural determination of e-learning per se, as a form of learning that has been developed in western societies. Technology changes human condition. On the one hand, e-learning is the result of the creation of western technologies, so it has a strong cultural weight by promoting the use of that technology and associated cultural realities. On the other hand, as a form of education it promotes content that is generated in a specific cultural reality, it is permeated by assumptions of what learning and teaching are supposed to be, it is structured on western theories on learning and western cultural values, notably individualism, strongly related to the western understanding of the role and responsibility of the individual in his/her own learning and development.
E-learning springs from western cultural values which have to be in place in order for that process to be efficient. Frustration and distrust in e-learning as a learning method are the result of cultural differences as regards the dimensions of power distance and individualism /collectivism. Awareness of the cultural determination of e-learning and of its perception by non-western students is vital in increasing its efficiency as a learning tool.
"CAROL I" NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY'S EXPERIENCE IN BLEARNING FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING - TWO CASE-STUDIES
Authors: Kraft Luiza , Chiseganegrila Anamaria , Tutuianu Diana
Published: February 2023

Since its inclusion in the eLearning methodology, blended learning (or bLearning) has received several definitions, being regarded alternatively as: a solution combining different delivery methods (i.e., collaboration software, web-based courses, EPSS, knowledge management practices); a type of learning including a mixture of face-to-face classroom sessions, live eLearning and self-paced instruction; a student-centered approach integrating learning experiences in face-to-face and online environments.
The aim of the present paper is to share our experience in using bLearning for two military English courses developed in "Carol I" National Defense University. NATO Staff Officers? Course and The Military English Course were the first forms of blended learning in the Foreign Language Department. From the very moment of implementation of this form of learning, we have approached it as a combination of face-to-face classroom methods with computer-mediated activities, with the purpose of tailoring an integrated instructional approach to the military student?s needs. Both courses comprised a face-to-face phase, but the former included a self-study module based on a CD, while the latter had an on-line component in which a teacher provided support for language acquisition.
Our exposure to the method first included the theoretical approach, followed by the identification of the challenges posed by designing and delivering the bLearning courses; this ultimately resulted in ways of rising to them. The main issues lay in managing the instructional complexity, designing the course contents, assigning both the teachers? and the students? roles and responsibilities, harmonizing the course objectives and contents with the ADL support, as well as in establishing good communication among teachers complemented by careful planning of the units.
Finally, the paper is an attempt to demonstrate the advantages of bLearning such as we have identified them in the long run: maximization of effectiveness both in point of meeting each course objective and of costs, multiplication of ways of accessing the content, opportunities for exploiting multimedia rich content round the clock which supplements the classroom time and allows for more scheduling flexibility, increase of the student?s responsibility for his/her own learning performance as well as higher language performance through measurable progress.
LEARNING THROUGH STRATEGIC COMPUTER GAMES IN MILITARY TRAINING
Authors: Mitrea Ioan
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the games based learning in continuous training for military personal in order to increase their capacity to assume the functions or leadership roles from the organization chart and includes any combination of courses, applications and participation in the theatres of operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. Today the military training has a specific character given by the possibility for simulation war games in conditions close to reality. To be well prepared army it is necessary to assure a balance between classical training and simulated tactical situations through strategic games which offers experiential learning model. All methods are performed by well standardized regulations in accordance with NATO standards and makes possible strategic games in e-learning systems. Also, the concept of professional performance in the military institution is a set of behaviours, closely related to individual motivation, which are involved in resolving problems through games based learning that are relevant to the military profession and organization goals. The mainly advantages of using strategic games in military training are that the environment does not support damages caused by military explosive material used in classical simulations in the field, the lack of collateral victims, and minimize the possible accidents during the simulation. Also, privacy and confidentiality is ensured through security operations provided by computer. In the military field, in particular, application of traditional criteria "efficiency" is problematic (there is no clear relationship between the "costs" and "results"), not all work can be valued in financial terms. However, the strategic computer games offer the possibility to measure parameters which are not possible to identify in real condition and "learning by doing".
VISUAL SOLUTIONS FOR LEARNING IN THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Anghel Gheorghe , Anghel Iulia andreea , Radu Catalin
Published: February 2023

The presented article analyzes the educational process from a blended learning approach and describes a way of individual study in e-learning system. Designed as a practical application, the method consists in the use of auxiliary materials made available by the teacher in a virtual environment, in an science laboratory. The innovative element related to the technology enhanced learning is given by the description of the use and the results of the visual representations proposed. The applications were developed in several test solving exercises each of them having as purpose the development of the student's capacity of resuming the knowledge taught along the years of study.
From a didactic point of view the described method implies mixed knowledge of Mathematics, Physics and Electronics so that the visual representation should become the key to solving the transmitted situation where the difficulty is created by the complexity of the requirements.
This auxiliary material is designed for those who possess knowledge of Mathematics, being useful both for those who are preparing for the high school graduation exams, Olympics, admission exams at universities and those who are trying to develop their skills by solving problems. Thus, this material is more than a regular workbook for a certain subject and it becomes a real help in understanding the fundamental relations among the three subjects mentioned above.
In the end of the article there is a small comparative study presented, study which reflects the progresses of a group of students and remarks for using this method interdisciplinary.
REQUIREMENTS OVER THE PROJECTION OF A SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY DESIGNED TO TRAIN THE YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS IN ROMANIA
Authors: Stoean Tania
Published: February 2023

In regard to the noticed information, the entrepreneurs in Romania confront to major deficiencies as concerns the applicative dimension of an own economic activity initiation. This is the main reason many ideas, although good, fail when they are implemented because young peoples, indifferently their education and professional experience accumulate, nevertheless, theoretical notions. We agree the thoroughness at theoretical level of the basic, introductive terms is benefic but the consolidation at applicative level of the knowledge acquired has fundamental importance. Although, there are a multitude of information in the entrepreneurship area, it is not enough structured. The oftenest, the potential entrepreneurs confront to sequential references, strongly dispersed in the informational area in Romania. Therefore is needed the conception of an integrated soft to support the economic and business environment. Software application will regard the familiarization with: specific economic terminology (the insertion of an economic dictionary), legislative terms from fiscal field and employees' labor and social protection field, business ideas (including their ratio of success in time), a forum section, consultancy, different methodologies and strategies, announces, links to field institutions and professionals (lawyers, attorneys, accountants, etc.). There will be covered fields of interest the young entrepreneur meets in the activity he will settle. This happens under the circumstances when many times it is not enough only to have an idea of business but is also necessary to know the managerial secrets of a business in interdependence with a wide range of endogen and exogenous factors. We consider the success of an entrepreneurship activity mainly consists in the existence of a managerial education.
USING DATA MINING IN E-LEARNING - A GENERIC FRAMEWORK FOR MILITARY EDUCATION
Authors: Susnea Elena
Published: February 2023

In the last years, the development of interactive learning environments, learning management systems (LMS), and intelligent support systems, has allowed the collection of huge amounts of data. However, e-learning databases often are large, heterogeneous and complex. In this context, one of the biggest challenges that e-learning systems face today is to extract knowledge from e-learning database through the analysis of the information available in the form of data generated by their users (students, teachers, other persons). Educational institutions can use data mining to extracts the relevant, useful, valid and actionable information from e-learning databases. Data mining can analyze educational data from different perspectives and summarize it into useful information for learners, teachers and their educational institutions. Thereby, it will become a powerful means to improve performance of the education system. In this paper, we study the capabilities of data mining in the context of military educational system, by proposing an analytical guideline for students, teachers, and decision-makers to enhance their current activities. The managerial decision making process becomes more complex as the complexity of educational entities increase and international security environment. Educational institute seeks more efficient technology to better manage and support decision making procedures or assist them to set new strategies and plan for a better management of the current processes. One way to effectively address the challenges for improving the quality is to provide new knowledge related to the educational processes and entities to the managerial system. This knowledge can be extracted from historical and operational data that reside in the educational organization's databases using the techniques of data mining technology.
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS - PART OF A KNOWELDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Iulia Grecu , Grigore Manuela
Published: February 2023

The enterprise information system is the system that includes all enterprise components whose actions are of informational type. In each information system on retrieve varies elements: decision makers, users, processing devices and system software together with application programs, communication devices etc. The main objective of the information system is to supply, to the enterprise decision makers, the needed information to control, decide an act, that means those information that have value for decision maker. Attributes associated methods of organization and coordination are intended for implementation by project management and operating method based on ADC (critical path analysis), LAC (Analysis Critical chain) or the method ACB (cost benefit analysis). By using these software categories ensure planning and tracking the dynamic processes of investment, realized to minimize the duration of the project in maintaining a certain level of consumption of material resources, human and financial. There was need for such methods capable of identifying the conditions assisted by computer, and allow organizations to attribute the forecast in the economic efficiency. On the basis of the functioning of such software is the phenomenon of extrapolation that assumes that from an evolutionary earlier known of economic indicators and taking into account those in the future will not change the factors that have influenced this development, to forecast, with an acceptable accuracy, the evolution of these indicators on a specific time horizon.In this paper we present a model of investment project for which we calculate the main financial performance indicators using the computer-assisted methods.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN FORMAL, INFORMAL, NONFORMAL LEARNING AND INCIDENTAL LEARNING
Authors: Andronie Mihai
Published: February 2023

The current advances in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is having a considerable impact in all forms of education (formal, informal, nonformal and incidental learning).
This paper is taking in consideration an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of usage of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) on formal, informal, nonformal and incidental learning as forms of education.
There are a number of significant differences between the different kinds of learning mentioned above, among them formal learning being the most standardized. However, the other types of learning have their importance because not all the persons interested to learn more in a certain area have the intention or possibility to follow formal courses.
There are advantages and disadvantages that both formal and less formal learning have. For example formal learning has the advantage that it gives the students the confidence that the area of study will be better covered and usually provides certificates to attest the abilities and knowledge of the students, the disadvantages being that it is more expensive than the other learning types. However, less formal learning is more accessible, more flexible, cheaper, but a person learning in this way will not benefit from a certificate attesting his abilities and knowledge and it will usually take a longer time to learn. Learning from experience (trial and error) can sometimes be one of the best way to learn, but it has the limitations previously mentioned and it can be sometimes the most expensive learning method.
There will be a comparative analysis of differences and similarities between above mentioned concepts, advantages and disadvantages, combining opportunities for better learning.
E- LEARNING AND DISTANCE LEARNING INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUDITING
Authors: Andronie Maria
Published: February 2023

Distance learning and in particular e- Learning are activities that are usually based on new technologies like ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Distance learning and e- Learning brought many advantages to those who used them, making possible for people from different social categories to have more easily access to education. However, there appeared also criticism to their use, especially to distance learning, blaming the reduced quality of training provided to the students.
Some of these criticisms are partially justified by the fact that some institutions applied distance learning concepts erroneously, obtaining negative results. For example it is not recommended to study certain disciplines witch require practical abilities (like medicine, theatre, sports, and so on) at distance. Distance learning is more appropriate to the disciplines that are more theoretical like economics, mathematics, literature, some branches of science and others.
With the emergence of modern e- Learning technologies it became possible to transmit more effectively knowledge and even practical abilities to students following distance learning courses, but there are still limitations witch must be taken in to account if one wants to obtain the best performance from using e- Learning and distance learning systems.
In the above mentioned context, the quality assurance of distance learning and e-Learning becomes very important, quality auditing becoming an essential factor towards success. The paper will be focused on auditing e- Learning and distance learning systems.
There will be explored the possibilities to design or use and quality audit of a dedicated information systems for the distance learning and e- Learning activities.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING EDUCATIONAL PLATFORMS IN THE PROCESS OF ACQUIRING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Pastae Veronica , Ionita Mirela
Published: February 2023

The utilization of educational platforms in teaching and learning foreign languages represents a further step of the e-learning offer, one superior to didactic portals or to the collections of activities available on websites.
An educational platform is a complex software system, comprising the content of the subject matter and coordinating learning, it represents the interface between the transmitter and the recipient (or the beneficiary) of the educational offer.
In the present paper we shall clarify the concept of educational platform and we shall conduct an empirical analysis of the existing offers. Our undertaking will be supported by examples of the ways in which open source platforms for adult language learners have been customized in order to meet the needs of their users. Apart from that, we shall examine both strong and weak points of this complex tool, whose versatility and adapting potential is virtually unlimited.
The utilization of educational platforms in teaching and learning foreign languages represents a further step of the e-learning offer, one superior to didactic portals or to the collections of activities available on websites.
An educational platform is a complex software system, comprising the content of the subject matter and coordinating learning, it represents the interface between the transmitter and the recipient (or the beneficiary) of the educational offer.
In the present paper we shall clarify the concept of educational platform and we shall conduct an empirical analysis of the existing offers. Our undertaking will be supported by examples of the ways in which open source platforms for adult language learners have been customized in order to meet the needs of their users. Apart from that, we shall examine both strong and weak points of this complex tool, whose versatility and adapting potential is virtually unlimited.
TRANSDISCIPLINARITY IN COMMUNICATION IN ORDER TO DEVELOP A NEW E-LEARNING EDUCATION
Authors: Nita Mircea aurel
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to target the human resources from the point of view for personal development within a new education. Why do we need to change the paradigm by this paper? In order to develop a new range of perceptions for our mental operations. To apply the levels of reality and operations of the Human Mind is essential for a new education in Middle School and University, being the background of the future human evolution. Developing the intuition becomes easy by accepting the dualism of the mind and the transition from an opaque mind to a permissive one, thus towards a new knowledge. Transdisciplinary approach within communication together with interdisciplinary quantum approach, such as energetical-vibrational-informational one, represents logic-rational algorithm for changing the way of thinking and teaching in order to assure the evolution by transcending the intellectual knowledge.
Coming back to the classical definition of communication, it reveals the key-aspect of the process: transfer of information and vibration that includes energy aspect from a transmitter to a receiver and. Either we talk about interpersonal communication, for example verbal communication, non-verbal, para-verbal, sensory or extrasensory communication, any classification takes into account a key-aspect: decoding consciously or not the information received from the outside or inside environment. Later on, it is found that the outside is a mirror of the inside!
Transdisciplinarity, besides integration of dualism and the generalization of quantum physics, is a way to evolution towards a new unitary knowledge and a change in the pattern of thinking and living oriented towards getting rid of Ignorance.
The state of awareness is perceived as corresponding to a certain level of evolution of each person and has as engine the process of acquiring consciousness over the different reality levels in which we operate;
The generalization of the paradigm based on different reality levels helps us to integrate among normal people also those so called "paranormal"; they are in fact as normal as we are, only that they have fought and won over in the battle against ignorance.
HAPTIC FEEDBACK SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION
Authors: Popovici Dorinmircea , Hamzalup Felix g. , Bogdan Crenguta
Published: February 2023

Haptics is the science of merging tactile sensation with computer applications, thereby enabling
users to receive feedback they can feel (in addition to auditory and visual cues). Multimodal
environments where visual, auditory and haptic stimuli are present convey information more
efficiently since the user manipulates and experiences the environment through multiple sensory
channels. The availability of haptic systems enables the augmentation of traditional instruction with
interactive interfaces offering enhanced motivation and intellectual stimulation. Although the
haptic devices have not made large in roads into education, we believe that the potential for
revolutionary change now exists due to the recent availability of both the hardware and software
components. This paper brings into discussion some of the most relevant technological issues involving
haptic systems in education. One of these issues is choosing the suitable haptic hardware, API
or framework for developing a visuo-haptic e-Learning system. The decision is based on several
criteria such as multimodal resources needed by the software system, compatibility with haptic devices, dynamic configuration of the scene, and so on.
Another issue is related to the software system reactivity at the user actions. The immediate haptic feedback from virtual models, together with the synchronisation of haptic and visual cues generated by computer to its users are essential for enhancing the user's learning path.
Providing realistic visuo-haptic models as much as it is possible is also another problem that the development of the haptic e-learning system should deal with. Such models help to obtain accurate training scenarios developed for the teaching, for example, of medical protocols, or chemical or physical processes.
DESIGNING THE EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT IN E-LEARNING ERA
Authors: Soare Emanuel
Published: February 2023

The paper dwells on realizing a pedagogical analysis of the eLearning effects on curricular design of the educational context. The author examines the perspective of projecting an educational context in the spirit of curriculum paradigm by reporting to the challenges of the new technologies. In the era of technology, of Social Media and the permanent necessity of adapting the educational system to its challenges, the problem of efficiency and pedagogical value of the methods and contents of the eLearning paradigm raises. Among the issues the paper tries to address we mention the curricular design of the educational context and the designing of an efficient structure of contents and didactic strategies. There are also considered the types of competences teachers need in order to manage the eLearning instruments. A special attention is paid to the ways of designing contents and to the delivery methods. There are analyzed the specific traits of the learners and of the characteristics regarding the learning process specific of eLearning. The conclusions and recommendations offered in the present paper aims at designing and disseminating a pedagogical model which has to be followed in the process of proper curricular design for eLearning. Social Media and the permanent necessity of adapting the educational system to its challenges, the problem of efficiency and pedagogical value of the methods and contents of the eLearning paradigm raises. Among the issues the paper tries to address we mention the curricular design of the educational context and the designing of an efficient structure of contents and didactic strategies. There are also considered the types of competences teachers need in order to manage the eLearning instruments. A special attention is paid to the ways of designing contents and to the delivery methods. There are analyzed the specific traits of the learners and of the characteristics regarding the learning process specific of eLearning. The conclusions and recommendations offered in the present paper aims at designing and disseminating a pedagogical model which has to be followed in the process of proper curricular design for eLearning.