bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An empirical study of personal resources in people involved in sports
Authors:   Kamchatka state university named after Vitus Bering, Shuchkovskaya Elena S.
Published: June 2021

The theoretical part of the article is aimed at the study of personal resources. In psychological science, the problem of personal resources is widely discussed in various fields of psychological science, both domestic and foreign. Personal resources are considered as the most important factor of resilience, allowing the individual to face the challenges of the time, they expand the capabilities of a person and make him more productive and successful. Each of the fields of psychological science focuses on the significance of the effect of personal resource mobilization. The empirical part of the article presents a study of personal resources in people involved in sports. Psychological theory and practice contain contradictions that indicate a lack of knowledge of personal resources as a complex psychological phenomenon that remains problematic and in demand in personal and socio-cultural spaces. The relevance of the study lies in the lack of development of the problem of personal resources in the field of sports. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption about the existing features in the specifics of personal resources in people involved in sports, development of the problem of personal resources in the field of sports. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption about the existing features in the specifics of personal resources in people involved in sports. The study involved 86 people, including 64 girls and 22 men, using the following methods: F. D. Zimbardo's Time Perspective Questionnaire, S. Maddy's Resilience Test, and the «Motivation for Success» method.»T. Ehlers, «Motivation to avoiding failures» T. Ehlers, the Level of claims personality by V. K. Gerbachevsky. The results of the study showed that people who are engaged in sports tend to think for the future, can enjoy work; they have developed the ability to reduce and withstand existential anxiety, are able to maintain internal balance, are open to new experiences, can set themselves more difficult tasks. People who do not play sports are more likely todepend on the opinions of others, turn to past experience, and an emotional component is needed to implement their plans.
Technique of familiarizing of school students with the culture of of their native land
Authors:   Northeast federal university named after M. K. Ammosov, Atlasova Mikhnasa M.
Published: June 2021

In this article, modern approaches are considered by the method of involving schoolchildren in the culture of their people. The development of the general cultural competence of schoolchildren through familiarity with the cultural heritage of their native people is of great value. In this regard, the development of general cultural competence through the involvement of children in the national culture becomes extremely relevant in pedagogical practice. The main purpose of the subject «National Culture of Yakutia» is: the introduction of students to the elements of oral folk art, national culture and art of the Yakuts, Russians, Evens, Evenks and other peoples who live in Yakutia; formation of interest and respect among schoolchildren for indigenous peoples, for their work, language and life in general; strengthening friendship between children of different nationalities, overcoming feelings of stiffness, misunderstanding, alienation between them. In the study of cultural subjects children have formation of genuine love and respect for their homeland, for the people's original culture, for folk art and art of their native land. The system of updating modern education orients teachers to actively search for new educational content and changes in learning priorities. This material summarizes the methods of introducing children to the traditional culture of the Sakha people. Various forms and methods of training and education were used to work with them, including the design methodology. The article reveals the importance of introducing children to the culture from an early age. A method of using didactic material in training sessions is also defined.
Development of research competence: a task approach
Authors:   Omsk state pedagogical university, Mikhailenko Tatiyana S.
Published: June 2021

In the article the relevance of the development of the student's research competence in the context of the requirements of current federal state educational and professional standards is proved. The purpose of the article is to prove the possibility of developing research competence by solving research problems. Methods of systematic, competent and person-oriented approaches applicable to development of trainees’ research competence are used for analysis. The concept of research competence is considered, the list of research skills as its constituent elements is defined, the levels of skills formation are described. The article considers various approaches to the definition of the concept «research task» provides an overview of the main scientific ideas about this type of task. Essential distinctive characteristics of research tasks are presented. Species and level classifications of research tasks are considered. Being based on the analysis, the following distinctive features of research problems are highlighted: the problematic nature, the development of the researcher's resources, the subjective and objective difficulty of solving the problem, the presence of normative and real complexity of the problem, the need for a deep study of the solution of the problem, the novelty of the solution, the variability of the solution, the insignificant dependence of the development of research skills on the number of solved problems. The article describes the stages and algorithms for solving research problems. The pedagogical practice of learning the skill of solving research problems at a university has been generalized. The author focuses on the possibility of using research tasks to develop research competence in all forms of educational activity in higher school (theoretical and practical training, performing qualification work at different stages of training). It was concluded about the role of research tasks in the development of students’ research competence and the assumption that the use of multi-level research tasks will create conditions for the effective development of research competence.
Strategies for work with foreign-language literary text at the part-time department of the faculty of foreign languages
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Golenko Mariya D.
Published: June 2021

For a number of objective reasons, students of the part-time department often do not achieve the level of language proficiency that they could achieve by studying under one of the full department programs. When learning a foreign language, the literary text provide the richest opportunities for independent work. The article considers the issue of developing a strategy for independent work with a foreign-language literary text, which, being an inherently complex integrative activity, can make the process of forming a variety of educational skills among students of the part-time department much more effective, as well as make a significant contribution to the process of forming their communicative competence. Work with a foreign-language literary text inevitably requires the use of skills developed in other disciplines taught at the Faculty of Foreign Languages. It is impossible to work on a work of art without paying much attention to the lexical and grammatical aspects of the text, without appealing all types of speech activities not dealing with the complex activities of translation. The training skills are improved by performing exercises during and after reading the text.
Code switches to the sicilian dialect in G. Culicchia's novel «Sicilia, o cara. Un viaggio sentimentale»
Authors:   Cherepovets state university, Isaeva Mariya G.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to identify the pragmatic functions of code-switching to the Sicilian dialect of the Italian language in the autobiography of the contemporary Italian writer G. Culicchia. Code switches studied by contact linguistics are the embedded language units of different levels in the matrix language utterance. The author uses I. Y. Mishintseva and G. N. Chirsheva's classification of pragmatic functions for studying code switches in literary works. The foreign language units in G. Culicchia’s work perform two groups of functions: functions characteristic of fiction (creating the effect of communication in the Embedded Language in the literary work) and those characteristic of spoken language (topic-related, metalinguistic, citing and emotional functions). The topic-related function of codeswitches is used to convey Sicilian culture realities as well as the direct speech of the author’s Sicilian relatives. The metalinguistic function of the code-switches under analysis involves introducing the reader to pronunciation and lexical features of the Sicilian dialect. The citing function means the author’s citing of Sicilian proverbs and sayings. The emotional function consists in expressing the author’s emotions and feelings towards Sicily and Sicilian relatives. Thus, the pragmatic functions show that the code-switches under analysis are the source of subjective and objective information in the novel. The Sicilian code-switches have a graphic feature in the novel: all of them are printed in italics. The italic type as a graphic stylistic device is used to logically separate Sicilian words from Italian lexis, to convey emotions, to separate the author’s Italian speech from the other characters’ Sicilian dialect.
Emotive analysis of poetic text
Authors:   Belarus national academy of sciences, Koliadko Svetlana V.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to examine the functioning of emotion in a poetic work and to describe this process by means of emotive analysis. The aim is to describe this action through revealing the author's subjectivity and depicting his inner world, as well as through the subjective organisation of the poetic text. Emotive analysis of a poetic work is based on establishing the influence of emotion on the organisation of the text at all levels of its structuring. Identifying the emotivity of textual components in content and form is carried out by the method of emotive analysis. We propose a multilevel emotive analysis, concerning different structures and levels of poetic text: phonetic (sound writing), lexical, descriptive and expressive (tropes, figures of speech, images), syntactic (poetic syntax), genre (genre forms and varieties), plot and composition (emothemes and changes in poetic experience), etc. The author of the article concludes that emotivity is characteristic not only of stylistic means, but also of the emotheme, emotive image, lyrical plot, emotive type of creative personality, etc. Emotivity coordinates all levels of the poetic text structure and influences the revealing of the poet's message and the reader's perception of it. And the poetic emotion also becomes an activator of certain lyrical situations / lyrical events, a regulator of emotional changes in 'events of the soul', an emotive marker of certain moods, states, experiences.
Foco estrecho y corrrección de expectativas
Authors: Cúneo Paola
Published: June 2021

Una construcción escindida (o cleft) constituye un patrón sintáctico específico que sirve para separar estructuralmente un constituyente discursivo prominente del resto de la cláusula. Es una estructura compleja que expresa una proposición semántica simple y constituye uno de los recursos que se utilizan en las lenguas del mundo para expresar foco (cf. Lambrecht 2001; Hartmann y Veenstra 2013). Con el interés general de observar de qué manera la morfosintaxis codifica significados pragmáticos, el propósito de este trabajo es estudiar las construcciones escindidas en la lengua toba o qom lʔaqtaqa (familia Guaycurú) en el marco de los estudios sobre estructura de la información (Lambrecht 1994). La discusión sobre las construcciones escindidas en toba/qom incluye una caracterización de sus propiedades morfosintácticas y una delimitación de su significado pragmático, en base a un corpus que incluye emisiones elicitadas así como interacciones espontáneas. En cuanto a su función, las construcciones escindidas en toba/qom permiten a las y los hablantes especificar o corregir expectativas mediante una estructura de foco estrecho, y son compatibles con contextos de contraste y de exhaustividad. El trabajo busca contribuir al estudio de la interfaz sintaxis-pragmática en esta lengua indígena y proveer datos empíricos para la definición de las construcciones escindidas en las lenguas del mundo.
INTERTEMPORAL EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY CHANGING ON TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY (TI) IN ASEAN-5
Authors: Wulan Sari Dyah , Sulistyaningsih Lusi , Tarbiyah Islamiya Haura Azzahra , Restikasari Wenny
Published: June 2021

The study aims to measure the technical and intertemporal efficiency and find the primary source of productivity change on top three telecommunication firms in each country of ASEAN-5 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, and Singapore) from 2010 to 2016. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) bootstrapping with 2000 iterations, DEA window, and Malmquist index are applied to calculate technical efficiency, intertemporal efficiency, and productivity change. The estimation results elucidate that, on average, the technical efficiency of firms is relatively low. On the opposite, the intertemporal efficiency results indicate that the mean efficiency score of each window is high. However, the LDW and LDP tend to be high, showing that the efficiency scores fluctuate. The Malmquist index calculation yields that technological progress possesses a significant contribution to productivity change.Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Intertemporal Efficiency, Productivity Change, Telecommunication Industry, ASEAN-5  JEL Classifications: L8, F6, O5, O1, O3
NUTRIENT CONTENT, PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY, AND ACCEPTABILITY OF SUBSTITUTING TEMPEH GEMBUS NUGGETS WITH TILAPIA FISH
Authors: Susanti Ina , Afifah Diana Nur , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi , Rustanti Ninik
Published: June 2021

Nuggets are protein rich food that is widely; consumed in Indonesia because of its good taste and easy preparation. The substitution of tilapia fi sh in tempeh gembus nugget act as a healthy alternative composition which contain high protein, fi ber, but low in fat. Therefore, this research was aimed to determine the eff ect of substitution of tilapia fi sh on the nutrient content, protein digestibility, and acceptability of tempeh gembus nuggets to obtain a formulation in accordance with the Daily Value (DV) 2150 kcal. A randomized experimental study was carried out on tilapia fi sh in substitution of 0%, 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100%. The protein, fat, carbohydrate, water, ash, and dietary fi ber content analysis were determined using the Kjeldahl, Soxhlet, carbohydrate diff erence, gravimetric, dry ash, and enzymatic-gravimetric methods. Furthermore, the protein digestibility was conducted by in vitro method, while the organoleptic tests were determined using hedonic tests. The organoleptic data was statistically analysed using ANOVA and Friedman tests. The substitution of tilapia fi sh increased the content of protein, water, and dietary fi ber while decreasing fat, carbohydrates, ash, and protein digestibility. The most preferred tempeh gembus nugget formulation by panelists was 80% substitution treatment of tilapia fi sh. In conclusion, the recommended formulations are the substitution of 40% and 80% of tilapia fi sh considering the nutrient content, protein digestibility and acceptability.
RISIKO POLA KONSUMSI DAN STATUS GIZI PADA KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI MASYARAKAT MIGRAN DI INDONESIA
Risks of Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status in the Incidence of Hypertension in Migrant Communities Indonesia

Authors: Destiani Annisa , Isfandiari Muhammad Atoillah , Fajariyah Risna Nur
Published: June 2021

Hypertension cases in Indonesia have been increasing. Hypertension can be caused by controllable factors such as consumption patterns and nutritional status. This study was aimed to analyze the risk of fast food and instant noodle consumption patterns, as well as the risk of nutritional status on the incidence of hypertension in Indonesian migrant communities. This study used a cross-sectional design with 6,928 respondents. This study involved secondary data from the 5th batch of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (51.24%), adult age category (58.63%), frequent fast food consumption patterns (89.42%), frequent instant noodle consumption patterns (56.63%), and normal nutritional status (72.42%). The subjects with frequent consumption of fast food (OR = 1.49; CI = 1.041–2.130) and instant noodle (OR = 1.25; CI = 1.030–1.520) as well as overweight (OR = 3.90; CI = 3.154–4,838) and obesity (OR = 6.75; CI = 5,110–8,935) have higher risk to experience hypertension. Based on these results, it is recommended to migrants to maintain their consumption patterns by limiting their fast food and instant noodles intake and also to maintain the nutritional status to prevent hypertension
Youtubers mirins on the networks: children claiming their place in digital cultures
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Santana de , Lucena Simone
Published: June 2021

The contemporary scenario gradually points out how children are occupying the virtual space. Among the busy environments, there is YouTube, where the little ones claim to listen your voices through the experiences shared on the platform, whether about games, toys, school activities, games and indication of films. Therefore, in this article, we seek to understand how children's video productions on YouTube contribute to childhood learning and protagonism. Therefore, we interviewed a young youtuber and her father/responsible Family member, in order to approach them that could assist in a deep understanding about listening to the child's perception /interlocutor in audiovisual production and access to digital technologies. Hence, the results show that the video platform has become a space for children to teach, create and learn in order to share with their peers the playful experiences of their dynamics that permeate digital.
Origin of Water in Mantle Eclogites from the V. Grib Kimberlite Pipe, NW Russia
Authors: Agasheva Elena V. , Kolesnichenko Maria V. , Malygina Elena V. , Agashev Alexey M. , Zedgenizov Dmitry A.
Published: June 2021

The water content in the garnet and clinopyroxene in the mantle eclogites from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe (Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province, NW Russia) was analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The results show that all clinopyroxene grains contained structural water at concentrations of 39 to 247 ppm, whereas two garnet samples contained detectable water at concentrations of 211 and 337 ppm. The low-MgO eclogites with oceanic gabbro precursors contained significantly higher water concentrations in the omphacites (70–247 ppm) and whole rock (35–224 ppm) compared to those with oceanic basalt protoliths (49–73 ppm and 20–36 ppm, respectively). The incorporation of water into the clinopyroxene may be associated with vacancies at the M2 site, Al in the tetrahedral position, and the elements that filled the M2 site (mostly Na and Ca). The highest water content in the omphacite was detected in a nonmetasomatised sample and was assumed to represent residual water that survived during subduction. Other eclogite samples showed signs of modal and/or cryptic metasomatism and contained less water in the omphacites compared to the nonmetasomatised sample. The water content was heterogeneous within the eclogite section of the sampled lithospheric mantle. The lack of distinct and uniform correlations between the indices of eclogite modification and their water content indicated that the saturation with water was disturbed during their residence within the lithospheric mantle.
Selfish Node Detection and Prevention Based on SDSR in Infrastructure-Less Networks
Authors: Chintam Anusha , Sra A. , Rao T.V. Madhusudhan
Published: June 2021

Wireless mesh network formed temporarily by using mobile hosts (nodes) without the help of any centralized and cooperate to dispatch the data packets through wireless links over the network. Due to this decentralization, each node act as both router as well as host for dispatching packets in the network. Because of a dynamic nature that is the mobility nature of the node in a network is vulnerable to various types of attacks. Some of the attacks are gray and black hole attacks. These attacks are advertised incorrect information regarding the shortest path to the sink node. This paper proposes a secure Dynamic Source Routing (SDSR) for providing a secure and safe route between the origin and sink nodes which identify and remove the gray and black hole nodes in the network. The proposed work is simulated by using the NS2 simulator tool and got the better performance for considered performance variables such as packet delivery ratio, throughput and node overhead. The simulation results give better performance compared to normal DSR and selfish DSR with increased packet delivery ratio and throughput and with decreased overhead of the network.
Shapiro-Wilk Test to Detect The Routing Attacks In MANET
Authors: Nabou Abdellah , Laanaoui My driss , Ouzzif Mohammed , houssaini Mohammed Alamine El
Published: June 2021

In the last recent years, the number of wireless devices has been growing and the security challenges increases too. Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) considers as a part of wireless network that connects mobile devices by using wireless channels without infrastructure. MANET use specific protocols to ensure the connectivity and exchange data between the source and destination. Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) is a table-driven protocol that keep the route to all destination at any times, unfortunately it can be affected by many active routing attacks that reduce its performance by dropping the exchange packets or stopping the forward of data. In this paper we present a new approach to detect any active routing attacks by using the concept of Shapiro-Wilk test. Our method of detection is easy to implement and does not require any modification in the standard version of OLSR routing protocol as we will demonstrate by NS-3 simulations the detection of Black hole, Worm hole and Node isolation attacks that consider as most known attacks in MANET. A real experience is done by creating a small ad hoc network that connect six wireless devices by using OLSR protocol and finally we detect the presence of an active routing attack by applying our proposed method.
Automatic Indoor Scene Recognition Based on Mandatory and Desirable Objects and a Simple Coding Scheme
Authors: N Kathirvel , M.S Thanabal
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a simple at the same time effective recognition system for indoor scenes is presented. The proposed system has two phases, namely, creation of mandatory and desirable objects and an indoor scene recognition system. In the first phase a list of probable objects and their classification, such as mandatory and desirable objects, for any generic scene is created based on real time indoor environment clubbed with human knowledge on standard datasets. In the second phase, the proposed system contains four stages. In the first stage, the proposed indoor scene recognition system identifies and recognizes the objects of the given key frame based on simplified version of CNN architecture of YOLO v3. In the second stage, the identified objects are divided into two sets of mandatory and desirable objects with a simple dictionary look-up. In the third stage, the objects are identified to belong to a probable scene and this technique is called scene-object identification. Simple algorithms have been proposed to effect the above three stages. In the final stage, a novel Binary Scene Representation (BSR) is proposed for each of the probable scenes and the final scene recognition is obtained with a new scene-number, obtained after converting the binary BSR into decimal number system. The effect of proposed indoor scene recognition system has been experimented with standard input datasets and measured in terms of standard measures, besides comparison with existing schemes. The results are encouraging.
Confocal Analysis of CNC based Hydrogels and Suspensions
Authors: Moud Aref Abbasi , Nezhad Amir Sanati , Hejazi Seyed Hossein
Published: June 2021

Cellulose nano crystal (CNC) hydrogels, while mechanically weak, have unique properties such as easy synthesis, high water content, and biocompatibility. Further improvement is needed to make CNC hydrogels mechanically stable and self-healable. Herein, using quantitative fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, we assess stability, collapse, and level of self-healing of CNC hydrogels with different CNC and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. We use the mean signal intensity obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to measure signal loss of the samples made of CNC hydrogels of different CNC concentrations and as a function of initial gel height and NaCl loading. The CNC dynamics inside the gels based on universality curves is unraveled which links the zeta potentials to the immobile particle percentages and the storage moduli as a function of NaCl/CNC concentration ratio. FRAP recovery analysis shows that for the ratio of NaCl/CNC beyond 0.1, the mobility of the ensemble of CNC particles becomes severely restricted. Hydrogel samples with low CNC concentrations (6 g/L and 10 g/L) experience a more substantial collapse rate under gravity than the rate observed for samples with a high CNC concentration (30 g/L). Increasing the CNC concentration hinders particle mobility and thus impedes the self-healing process. Quantification of the gel collapse behavior of CNC gel and its self-healing property is critical in many applications, including water and air filters, oil spill sponges, and tissue engineering.
Automatic Segmentation of Clinical Target Volume and Organs-At-Risk for Breast Conservative Radiotherapy Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Zhikai , Liu Fangjie , Chen Wanqi , Tao Yinjie , Liu Xia , Zhang Fuquan , Shen Jing , Guan Hui , Zhen Hongnan , Wang Shaobin , Chen Qi , Chen Yu , Hou Xiaorong
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective: Delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) is very important for radiotherapy but is time-consuming and prone to inter- and intra-observer variation. We trained and evaluated a U-Net-based model to provide fast and consistent auto-segmentation for breast cancer radiotherapy. Methods: We collected 160 patients’ computed tomography (CT) scans with early-stage breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and were treated with radiotherapy in our center. CTV and OARs (contralateral breast, heart, lungs and spinal cord) were delineated manually by two experienced radiation oncologists. The data were used for model training and testing. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and 95th Hausdorff distance (95HD) were used to assess the performance of our model. CTV and OARs were randomly selected as ground truth (GT) masks, and artificial intelligence (AI) masks were generated by the proposed model. The contours were randomly distributed to two clinicians to compare CTV score differences. The consistency between two clinicians was tested. We also evaluated time cost for auto-delineation. Results: The mean DSC values of the proposed method were 0.94, 0.95, 0.94, 0.96, 0.96 and 0.93 for breast CTV, contralateral breast, heart, right lung, left lung and spinal cord, respectively. The mean 95HD values were 4.31 mm, 3.59 mm, 4.86 mm, 3.18 mm, 2.79 mm and 4.37 mm for the above structures respectively. The average CTV scores for AI and GT were 2.92 versus 2.89 when evaluated by oncologist A (P=.612), and 2.75 versus 2.83 by oncologist B (P=.213), with no statistically significant differences. The consistency between two clinicians was poor (Kappa=0.282). The times for auto-segmentation of CTV and OARs were 3.88 s and 6.15 s. Conclusions: Our proposed model can improve the speed and accuracy of delineation compared with U-Net, while it performed equally well with the segmentation generated by oncologists.
Hexagonal CoOOH Nanoflakes Synthesized From Three-Dimensional Cellulose Membrane Matrix With Enhanced Detection of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Xia Jian , Yang Mengru , Jiang Xiangyang , Shabbir Mohd , Luo Xiaogang
Published: June 2021

In this work, cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanoflakes/cellulose composite membranes (CCM) were fabricated by a simple one-step method and green route without further treatment. The CoOOH nanoflakes were synthesized in the high-purity cellulose membranes (CM) matrix that expected to enhance its detection performance of ascorbic acid in comparison to the traditional paper-based sensors that were made of commercially available filter paper. The structure and properties of CM and CCM were characterized by SEM, EDS, FT-IR, XRD and XPS, etc. The combination mechanism between nanoflakes and cellulose was well analyzed and discussed by various characterizations and experiments. When the CCM was immersed into the ascorbic acid (AA) solution, the color changing from colorless to blue was observed only in 2 min. Furthermore, the CCM can be used for AA determination in real samples.
Phase Transition and Anisotropic Transport of MoS 2 /Chlorophyll Van der waal Heterostructure Formed via Biomimetic Photo-electron Donation
Authors: Das D. , Manna J. Sarkar , Bhattaycharya T. K.
Published: June 2021

In atomically-thin two-dimensional Vander-Waal-heterostructure [VDWHs], phase transition due to biomimetic photoelectron donationwith molecular ad-layer has never been explored. In this pursuit, systematic quantification of biomimetic-optical-creation of stable easy-solution-processed 1T MoS2 chlorophyll (CHL-a) VDWHs has been examined. The 1T phase transformation dynamics and stabilization phenomenon have been quantified by optical anisotropy and Time-correlated-single-photon-counting. The material shows Luttinger transport phenomenon in the two-port device and supports MoS2 interfaces can be fine-tuned with the molecular ad-layer as a result of strong anisotropic finite range correlation. This is validated by Density-Function-Theory. The negative differential resistance in Luttinger transport arises from conformational heterogeneity of CHL-a related to the scaling of Van der waal distances, which regulates coupling strength with temperature as supported by Molecular-Dynamics simulation. The photo-induced evolution of novel “anisotropic heterojunction” can stimulate a plethora of function-designable 2D VDWHs creation.
Network Pharmacology Study of The Mechanism of Anti-Pneumonia Action Mechanism of Gentiana Rhodantha Franch
Authors: Luo Jun , Tang Xiusheng , Shu Guotao , Tang Dongxin , Yu Jia , Bao Jiangping , Guo Yanru , Chang Botao , Yang Danni , Zhao Linjun
Published: June 2021

Background: Serum dragon bile is a Chinese medicine used to treat pneumonia, but its mechanism of action is not clear. Meanwhile, due to the development of microarray and RNA‐sequencing technology, high-throughput sequencing analysis is being used increasingly, and it has been applied as an indispensable tool in many medical fields. Therefore, in this article, we want to employed the bioinformatics approach to explore the relevant pharmacological mechanism of dragon serum bile in the treatment of pneumonia through network pharmacology.Methods: In this paper, the active chemical composition and action target of serum dragon bile are obtained through the pharmacology database (TCMSP) of Chinese medicine system and the literature, and the data set of the intersection of active ingredient and disease target is established, and the protein interoperability network of serum gallbladder action target and pneumonia action target is analyzed by using protein interaction network (PPI). Using the Biological Information Annotation Database (DAVID) for gene ontology (GO) functional richness analysis and based on kyoto Gene and Genomics Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathogenic rich analysis, to predict the mechanism of the role of seroclon bile against pneumonia. Results: Through the network pharmacological prediction, it is shown that the main chemical components of serum dragon bile are quercetin, isoorientin, luteolin, Stigmasterol, vanillic acid, etc, all of which have anti-pneumonia effects. The anti-pneumonia effect of serum dragon bile is mainly regulated by pathways in cancer, Bradder cancer, TNF signaling pathway, Hepatitis B and Non-small cell lung cancer, among which the TNF signaling pathway is more associated with pneumonia. Conclusions: It is concluded from the network pharmacological prediction that serum dragon bile may play an anti-pneumonia role by promoting apoptosis, survival, immunity, etc. Its anti-pneumonia path is closely related to key targets IL6, FOS, CASP3 and AKT1. This study provides theoretical support for the follow-up study of the anti-pneumonia mechanism of serum gentian bile.
SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin g (IgG) Kinetics in Healthcare Workers and Their Close Contacts Reduced Risk of Re-infection: South-East Asian Region
Authors: Daga Mradul Kumar , Mawari Govind , Karra Vijay Kumar , Singh Meghachandra , Chand Siddharth , Aarthi J , V Raghu R , Jha Manish Kumar , Kunwar Amrapali , Mehra Sweety
Published: June 2021

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for global pandemic, and it has caused more than 2.3 million deaths. Persistence and stability of immunoglobulin G (IgG) response after recovery from COVID-19 infection is still uncertain. MethodsWe performed a longitudinal cohort study in healthcare workers (HCW) and their close contacts (Non-HCW) with known resolved SARS-CoV-2 infection and undiagnosed infection at Maulana Azad Medical College and associated Lok Nayak hospital, New Delhi. Baseline IgG antibody titers was determined and the participants were followed over a period of six months. We also examined relationship between SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) response and new symptomatic infection in HCW and Non-HCW over time. Results176 (70.9%) healthcare workers and 72 (29.0%) non-healthcare workers were recruited from two cohorts. 82 subjects recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection and 166 undiagnosed for the infection having history of close contact with COVID-19 patients were followed up for a median of 227 days (interquartile range, 166 to 202) after a positive IgG antibody test. In the recovered subjects 70.7% (58) were seropositive for first anti-spike IgG assay at baseline, followed by 80.0%, 90.6% and 82.6% at three visits respectively. In undiagnosed subjects 37.3% (62) were seropositive at baseline, followed by 70.9%, 75.8% and 82.2% respectively. Also, 46.8% (29) were asymptomatic with no symptoms of COVID-19 and were seropositive at baseline. However, presence of IgG antibodies was associated with substantial reduced risk of re-infection over the follow up duration.ConclusionOur data showed that the antibodies levels measured increased over the first three months and decreased slightly after that and remained at a plateau and relatively stable for at least a period of six months.
Predictors of Visual Recovery in Patients with Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Occlusion After Treatment with Conbercept
Authors: Zhang Qi , Hou Yinfen , Cao Xiao , Zhang Rongrong , Liu Yinping , Wei Chenghua , Wu Changfan , Mei Lixin , Zhang Pengfei
Published: June 2021

Background

The use of Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to evaluate the predictors of visual acuity-recovery in patients treated with conbercept for macular edema (ME) secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) has rarely been seen.We collected 24 CRVO-ME patients with different OCT measures at 6 months follow-up to identify the factors that are most strongly correlated with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) post-treatment in CRVO-ME patients treated with conbercept
Purpose

To evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal conbercept injections for the treatment of CRVO-ME and to determine the major predictors of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) post-treatment.
Methods

A retrospective study methodology was used. Twenty-four eyes from 24 patients with CRVO-ME were enrolled in the study. After an initial intravitreal injection of conbercept (0.5 mg/0.05 ml), monthly injections for up to 6 months were given following a 1 + PRN (pro re nata) regimen. Data collected at monthly intervals included measurements of the logMAR BCVA, central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume (MV), photoreceptor layer thickness (PLT), outer nuclear layer thickness (ONLT), and the disrupted ellipsoid zone (DEZ). The correlation between BCVA, before and after injections, and each of CST, MV, PLT, ONLT, DEZ was analyzed.
Results

The logMAR BCVA in months 3 and 6 post-injection was significantly improved relative to the baseline. In this same period the CST, MV, PLT, ONLT and DEZ were also significantly improved relative to the baseline. There was a negative correlation between PLT and logMAR BCVA at months 3 and 6 (r = -0.549, P < 0.001; r = -0.087, P < 0.001).
Conclusion

Intravitreal injection of conbercept is an effective treatment for CRVO-ME. With six months of follow-up, logMAR BCVA and CST, MV, PLT, ONLT, DEZ improved. PLT was negatively correlated with the visual function in CRVO-ME patients after conbercept treatment, which may be a predictor of vision recovery in patients with CRVO-ME.
Steroid Use for Established Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Study Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Strashun Sabina , Seliga-Siwecka Joanna , Chioma Roberto , Rossi Alessandra , Zielińska Kinga , Włodarczyk Krzysztof , Villamor Eduardo , Philip Roy K , Assaf Niazy Al , Pierro Maria
Published: June 2021

BackgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious chronic respiratory condition that affects approximately 60% of preterm infants born before 27 weeks’ gestation, and leads to both, short and long-term pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications. Infants suffering from BPD are difficult to wean off of respiratory support, delaying feeding advancement and hospital discharge. Postnatal steroids during the first three weeks of life have been demonstrated to be effective in decreasing the incidence of BPD, however concerns in relation to neurodevelopmental outcomes are reported as well. On the contrary, data regarding the use of late postnatal steroids, once BPD is established are sparse and inconsistent. Here, we report a protocol for a systematic review, which aims to determine the efficacy and long-term safety of post-natal steroids for the treatment of established BPD in preterm infants.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane databases and sources of grey literature will be searched with no time or language restriction for studies that evaluated the use of postnatal steroids for preterm infants with established BPD. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals will be determined and pooled using a random effects model. For the studies that cannot be combined in the meta-analysis, a narrative synthesis of the results will be provided. DiscussionThe use of steroids as a therapeutic option for established BPD, after reaching the critical phase of the disease, is limited by the concern of possible neurological side effects that were documented for the preventive use of this medication. However, steroid treatment for established BPD may be administered in an attempt to reduce length of stay and home oxygen therapy, which are both associated with high levels of parental stress and healthcare costs. Moreover, a late timing for steroid treatment may show a more favourable safety profile in terms of neurodevelopment outcomes, considering the added postnatal brain maturation of these infants. As BPD is one of the neonatal complications that lack an effective course-modifying treatment approach to-date, the proposed systematic review offers considerable clinical relevance.Systematic review registration The protocol is registered in the PROSPERO register (registration number CRD42021218881).
Assessing Children’s Basic Reading Skill in Dawro Zone: A Study on Mother Tongue Reading Competence of Grade 4 Students
Authors: Gamu Abraham Bulcha , Damole Zeleke Tigro
Published: June 2021

Reading is a fundamental skill for children to acquire. This study assessed grade 4 students reading competence in Dawro language with specific focus on the selected schools of Dawro zone, SNNPR. The study assessed the reading competence of grade 4 students and the factors that influence reading outcomes. It also assessed the involvement of parents in developing students’ reading competence in the selected primary schools. Quantitative data were collected from sampled grade 4 students through standardized test questionnaires while qualitative data were collected from Dawro language teachers, parents and school principals through structured interview. The results indicated that the majority of students had serious problems in identifying Dawro language letters, decoding, dealing with new words encountered in texts and comprehending longer texts. It is thus recommended that Woreda education offices, Zone education department, schools principals and Dawro language teachers should take necessary measures to enable students to master the basic literacy skills before they join grade 4.
Circuit Implementation of the Jerk Chaotic System in Integer and Fractional Order Domains
Authors: Tagne Samuel , BODO Bertrand , Eyebe Guy Valery Ayissi , Fouda Jean Sire Armand Eyebe
Published: June 2021

This paper investigate a 3D chaotic oscillator with entire and fractional derivatives. We design an electrical circuit which modelling an autonomous oscillator, able to implement one of the classical Jerk equations. We analyze the dynamics of nonlinear system analytically and numerically. The results show that the fractional model can exhibit chaotic dynamics where it should be impossible if one would consider the classical model. This work also explore the synchronization of initial conditions of two identical Jerk systems through the active control method.
Effects of Different Strategies of Low Temperature on Egg Hatching of Dactylogyrus Vastator (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae)
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Shang Baodi , Cheng Yingyin , Wang Guitang , Li Wenxiang
Published: June 2021

Background: The development of dactylogyrids is water temperature dependent, and their eggs fail to hatch below 5°C. The dactylogyrids are supposed to overwinter with adults on hosts or eggs in the water. In the field investigation, however, mean abundance of some Dactylogyrus species increases and reaches to a high level in winter, which suggests that the eggs may hatch into infective oncomiracidia in winter. Therefore, effects of low water temperature on egg hatching of D. vastator were determined on gills of goldfish (Carassius auratus) in laboratory.Results: The eggs of D. vastator hatched and the hatching success was 65.3%, 62.7%, 42.6% and 22.3% when eggs were firstly incubated for 0, 7, 14 and 21 days at 5 °C and then maintained for 15 days at 20 °C. Hatching success in 14 and 21-day group was significantly lower than in 0 and 7-day group. When eggs were directly incubated at 5 °C, eggs failed to hatch within one month. However, the hatching success was 69.8% and 66.7%, respectively, when maintained at 5 °C after12 and 24 h incubation at 20 °C. Conclusions: Egg incubation for more than two weeks at low temperature had significant impacts on hatching success of D. vastator at room temperature. But low temperature had little effects on hatching success when eggs are firstly exposed to suitable temperature range for a short time. Once the embryonic development of eggs is activated, egg hatching will continue regardless of the low temperature. D. vastator eggs laid in late autumn are able to hatch in winter.
Substance Use Among Patients Receiving Out- and Inpatient Dependence Care: a Prospective Norwegian Cohort Study From 2016 to 2020
Authors: Vold Jørn Henrik , Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Aas Christer F. , Løberg Else-Marie , Johansson Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore
Published: June 2021

BackgroundContinuous use of amphetamines, alcohol, benzodiazepines, cannabis, cocaine, or opioids contributes to health impairments, increased morbidity, and overdose deaths among patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). This study evaluates the impact of inpatient detoxification, specialized opioid agonist therapy (OAT), and low-threshold municipality care on substance use over time. MethodsWe used data from a cohort of SUD patients in Norway through health assessments of self-reported substance use and sociodemographic and clinical factors. A total of 881 substance use measurements, including type and amount of substances, were assessed from 708 SUD patients in 2016-2020. Substance use for individual and total substances was calculated, creating a substance use severity index (SUSI) ranging from zero (no use) to one (daily use). We defined baseline as the first substance use measurement when the measurements were listed chronologically. Time was defined as years from baseline. We used a linear mixed model to analyze associations between the SUSI and inpatient detoxification, specialized OAT compared with low-threshold municipality care, as well as the factors like injecting substance use, gender, and age, presented with coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsNeither inpatient detoxification (mean SUSI change: 0.01, -0.03;0.04) nor specialized OAT (0.03, -0.09;0.14) compared with low-threshold municipality care were associated with changes in substance use over time. Patients who were over 60 years of age (mean SUSI difference: -0.06, -0.13;0.00) had a lower SUSI than those under 30 years of age, while patients who injected substances had a higher SUSI than those who did not inject substances (0.18, 0.15;0.20) at baseline. The mean SUSI for the individual substances were 0.50 (standard deviation (SD): 0.38) for cannabis, 0.40 (0.37) for benzodiazepines, 0.33 (0.34) for amphetamines and cocaine, 0.31 (0.29) for alcohol, and 0.22 (0.31) for opioids at baseline. The mean SUSI of all substances was 0.35 (0.20). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that neither inpatient detoxification nor specialized OAT compared to low-threshold municipality care were associated with changes in substance use over time. Future research needs to evaluate the impact on substance use and healthy survival of multiple health care interventions to this patient group.
Possible Vertebral Brucellosis Infection in a Neanderthal
Authors: Haeusler Martin , Rothschild Bruce
Published: June 2021

The La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1 skeleton of an old male Neanderthal is renowned for the advanced osteoarthritis of its spinal column and hip joint, and their implications for posture and lifestyle in these Mid- to Late Pleistocene humans. Reassessment of the pathologic lesions reveals erosions at multiple non-contiguous vertebrae and reactive bone formation extending far beyond the left hip joint, which suggests the additional diagnosis of brucellosis. This implies the earliest secure evidence of this zoonotic disease in hominin evolution. Brucellosis might have been transmitted via butchering or eating raw meat and is well compatible with the range of prey animals documented for Neanderthals. The associated infertility perhaps contributed to the demise of these late archaic humans.