Uji Efektivitas Antijamur Kitosan Cangkang Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Epidermophyton floccosum dan Candida albicans
Authors: Baharuddin Suherman 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKKitosan dan turunannya telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai bidang misalnya dalam bidang pangan, mikrobiologi, pertanian farmasi, dan sebagainya. Kitosan memiliki sifat antimikroba, karena dapat menghambat bakteri patogen dan mikroorganisme pembusuk, termasuk jamur, bakteri gram-positif, bakteri gram negatif. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas antijamur kitosan cangkang kepiting bakau (Scylla sp) terhadap pertumbuhan E. floccosum dan C. albicans serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif. Metode isolasi yang digunakan meliputi deproteinasi, de­mineralisasi, depigmentasi, dan deasetilasi 3 tahap. Uji efektivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram (Tes Kirby-Bauer) menggunakan kertas cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil isolasi kitosan cangkang kepiting bakau melalui beberapa tahapan sebesar 46,3 g. Efektivitas antijamur kitosan cangkang kepiting bakau (Scylla sp) terhadap pertumbuhan E. floccosum dan C. albicans pada masa inkubasi 3 x 24 jam dan 4 x 24 jam menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi kitosan, maka semakin besar pula zona hambat (efektivitas) yang didapatkan. Konsentrasi yang paling efektif berada pada kisaran konsentrasi 5% b/v (oneway ANOVA, α = 0,05), dimana pada penghambatan E. floccosum  sebesar 16,23±0,64 mm untuk 3 x 24 jam dan 17,56±0,75 mm untuk 4 x 24 jam. Sedangkan pada penghambatan C. albicans untuk 3 x 24 jam sebesar 13,56±0,49 mm dan 14,10±0,17 mm untuk 4 x 24 jam KATA kunci: Efektivitas; Antijamur; Kitosan; Epidermophyton floccosum; Candida albicans.ABSTRACTChitosan and its derivatives have been widely used in various fields, for example in the fields of food, microbiology, agriculture, pharmacy, and so on. Chitosan has antimicrobial properties, because it can inhibit pathogenic bacteria and spoilage microorganisms, including fungi, gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal effectiveness of mangrove crab shell chitosan (Scylla sp) on the growth of E. floccosum and C. albicans and to determine the most effective concentration. The isolation methods used included deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation, and 3-step deacetylation. The antifungal effectiveness test was carried out by disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test) using disc paper. The results showed that the results of the isolation of chitosan from mud crab shells through several stages were 46.3 g. The antifungal effectiveness of mangrove crab shell chitosan (Scylla sp) on the growth of E. floccosum and C. albicans at incubation periods of 3 x 24 hours and 4 x 24 hours showed that the higher the concentration of chitosan, the greater the zone of inhibition (effectiveness) obtained. The most effective concentration was in the concentration range of 5% w/v (oneway ANOVA, = 0.05), where the inhibition of E. floccosum was 16,23±0,64 mm for 3 x 24 hours and 17,56±0,75 mm for 4 x 24 hours. While the inhibition of C. albicans for 3 x 24 hours was 13,56 ± 0,49 mm and 14,10 ± 0,17 mm for 4 x 24 hours.Keyword: Effectiveness; Antifungal; Chitosan; Epidermophyton floccosum; Candida albicans.