bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deblurring Method of Face Recognition AI Technology Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Li Weilong , Li Jie , Zhou Junhui
Published: April 2022

As a common method of deep learning, a convolutional neural network (CNN) shows excellent performance in face recognition. The features extracted by traditional face recognition methods are greatly influenced by subjective factors and are time-consuming and laborious. In addition, these images are susceptible to illumination, expression, occlusion, posture, and other factors, which bring a lot of interference to the computer face recognition and increase recognition difficulty. Deep learning is the most important technical means in the field of computer vision. The participation of this technology reduces manual participation and can identify the identity of visitors from multiple aspects. This study, based on the introduction at all levels and on the fundamental principle of the colloidal neural network, combines the basic model and the common exploitation methods of aspects to make a model of a combination of multiple aspects. Then, an improved CNN-based multifeature fusion face recognition model is proposed, and the effectiveness of the model in face feature extraction is verified by experiments. With the experimental results, the identification rate for the ORL and Yale data sets is 98.2% and 98.8%, respectively. Accordingly, an online face detection system and recognition system based on the combination of element models are designed. The system can obtain dynamic facial recognition and meet the recognition rate of the design requirements. The system is training four detection models and online recognition, and the test results show that the noise component model has the highest recognition rate, and the recognition rate has improved by 13% compared with the baseline capacity, further verifying that a model of a combination of features can achieve more effectively.
Effects of Fisetin on Allergic Contact Dermatitis via Regulating the Balance of Th17/Treg in Mice
Authors: Song Bocui , Shen Xue , Zhang Shuang , Zhao Rui , Wang Yanhong , Jiang Mengmeng , Liu Min , Chen Qian , Li Yuqi , Huang Baolei , Jin Chenghao , Tong Chunyu
Published: April 2022

Background. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a form of chronic cutaneous inflammatory disease of immunological origin that has adverse impacts on patient quality of life, underscoring the need for the development of safe and effective therapeutic agents to treat affected individuals. Fisetin is a Chinese herbal preparation that reportedly exhibits antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulatory, and antimalarial activity. In the current report, the immunomodulatory activity of fisetin was appraised by assessing its impact on balance between regulatory T (Treg) and Th17 cells in an ACD model. Methods. BALB/c mice (

n
=
60

) were randomized into control, ACD model, CTX positive control (20 mg/kg), and fisetin treatment groups (three dose levels: 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg). ACD induction was achieved by sensitizing mice on the shaved ventral abdomen via the application of 5% DNFB (50 μL) on days 1 and 2, followed by rechallenge in the right ear with 5% DNFB (20 μL) on day 5. Beginning on day 1, immunized mice were intraperitoneally injected with the appropriate fisetin dose (in saline) once per day for 7 days. On day 7, ear swelling, transcription factor expression, Th17/Treg cell populations, and cytokine production were assessed in vivo. Results. Fisetin treatment significantly suppressed ear swelling and associated inflammatory cell infiltration, besides reducing the production of Th17 cytokines (IL-17, TNF-α, and IL-6) and the expression of the Th17 lineage transcription factor RORγt while simultaneously enhancing Treg-specific cytokine production (TGF-β and IL-10) and the expression of the Treg lineage transcription factor Foxp3, thereby restoring the Th17/Treg cell in ACD mice. Conclusions. These data indicate that fisetin exhibits immunomodulatory activity and can alter the Th17/Treg cell balance, highlighting its potential value as a treatment drug for ACD.
Evaluating English Language Teaching Quality in Classrooms Using OLAP and SVM Algorithms
Authors: Zhang Zhiyou , Gao Qi , Chen Fangwen
Published: April 2022

Currently, the existing techniques of evaluating quality of teaching quality colleges and universities within China are based on classical and statistical methods. However, these methods are unable to accurately reflect the real and actual evaluation of teaching quality. Furthermore, in this era of computerization, education has also revamped itself and is not limited to the conventional lecturing approach. Nowadays, English has become one of the most important skills for foreigners as countries move toward internationalization resulting in a huge amount of data being collected in educational databases, which remains unused. Powerful tools are required to improve the quality of English teaching and reap the benefits of big data generated in classrooms. In this paper, online analytical processing (OLAP) in combination with a support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm is adopted, and then the algorithm constructs the linear optimal decision function in the feature space. Through the training of sample data by the SVM algorithm, relatively high-quality classification results can be obtained on the target object, especially for high-dimensional cases. The proposed approach has an extremely efficient application value. Compared with the existing methods, the error of evaluation results can be greatly improved, which leads to further improvement of accuracy in terms of evaluation results.
Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction with Complete Dentures
Authors: Oweis Yara , Ereifej Nadia , Al-Asmar Ayah , Nedal Abdaljaber
Published: April 2022

Background. Rehabilitation of the edentulous patients has always been a challenge. The success of conventional complete denture therapy might be affected by several factors such as patients’ age, personality, previous denture wearing experience, expectations, aesthetics, residual ridge form and anatomy, denture quality, the method of its construction, dentist experience, and dentist-patient relations. Objectives. The aim of this study was to compare patient satisfaction with complete dentures provided by fourth and fifth year dental students and prosthodontists with a minimum of 5 years’ experience at the University of Jordan Hospital 8 weeks after insertion. Methods. Questionnaires were distributed to a total of 60 completely edentulous patients who received complete maxillary and mandibular dentures. Besides demographic questions, the questionnaire included questions that probed the patient’s satisfaction with his maxillary and mandibular dentures in general using two types of scales. Results. Results indicated that dentist experience does not affect patients’ satisfaction with their complete dentures. Our results also indicated that patients who had previous dentures could adapt more easily and were generally more satisfied with their newly inserted dentures especially with regard to their chewing ability and comfort with their mandibular dentures. Gender also influenced patient satisfaction with complete dentures especially the part related to psychological and social disability. Conclusions. Results of this study will help in further understanding factors influencing patient satisfaction with their complete dentures.
Toughness Enhancement of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) Nanocomposites by Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWNT)
Authors: Li Juan
Published: April 2022

The nanocomposites of PMMA/PHBV filled by MWNT were fabricated by melt blending. The effects of the weight fraction of MWNT on the flow and mechanical properties of the PMMA/PHBV nanocomposites were investigated. The morphologies of fracture surfaces were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The impact test results show that the incorporation of 1.5 weight fraction of MWNT increased the impact strength by 42.4%. The flow property and bending strength increased 40.7% and 11%, respectively, by compounding 1.5 weight fraction of MWNT. The morphological behavior indicated transition of fracture surface from brittle nature to ductile. These improved mechanical properties of PMMA/PHBV nanocomposites using MWNT will lead to wider and enhanced applicability of PMMA/PHBV.
Axial Compression Test and Bearing Capacity Analysis of Biaxial Prestressed Angle Steel Plate Fully Wrapped Reinforced Concrete Short Column
Authors: Ren Zhenhua , Zeng Xiantao , Shen Yaqian , Huang Huanlin
Published: April 2022

A new external reinforcement method is proposed in this research by using the prestressed angle steel plate to fully wrap a reinforced concrete column with a rectangular cross section. To study the axial compression characteristics of the new proposed structure, twenty pieces of the concrete columns were built using the normal reinforcement: five control columns and fifteen reinforced concrete columns, with three groups of different prestressed angle steel plates. These columns were tested under axial compression after the completion of the reinforcement. The experimental results showed that the ultimate load‐bearing capacities of the three groups of the reinforced concrete columns with different prestress levels were increased by 35.6%, 52.7%, and 61.7% compared with the control columns. Both the ultimate strain and the deformation were improved significantly. The load‐bearing capacity equation of the reinforced column was deduced based on the unified strength theory, and the accuracy of the equation was validated. Moreover, a finite element simulation was performed for the new structure, and the simulation results were in good agreement with the test results. Simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Dietary DHA Oil Supplementation Promotes Ovarian Development and Astaxanthin Deposition during the Ovarian Maturation of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Jiang Xiaodong , Pan Kewu , Yang Yuhong , Shu-Chien Alexander Chong , Wu Xugan
Published: April 2022

Astaxanthin (Axn) is an essential carotenoid for crustacean pigmentation, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important fatty acid; both play key roles in maintaining the health of many aquaculture species. The present study explored the combined effect of dietary Axn and DHA on gonadal development and carotenoid deposition in adult females of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. A

2
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3

factorial design of experimental diets was created to contain two levels of Axn (0 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and three levels of DHA oil (0%, 0.33%, and 0.67%). The results showed as follows: (1) For the culture performance, dietary DHA oil significantly increased the gonadosomatic index (GSI), and Diet 2 (Axn 0% + DHA oil 0.33%) had the highest GSI among all treatments. (2) For the enzymatic indicators in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph, supplementation with 0.33% DHA oil significantly improved the antioxidant capacity (T-AOC and MDA), immunity (AKP and ACP), and health status (e.g., GPT and GOT) of E. sinensis. (3) Supplementation with 100 mg/kg Axn significantly increased redness (a

∗

) and Axn concentration in both the ovaries and hepatopancreas, and supplementation with 0.33% or 0.67% DHA oil produced a further significant improvement in Axn concentration when the diets were supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Axn. (4) As for proximate composition, dietary Axn and DHA significantly increased the deposition of total lipids and triacylglycerol in the hepatopancreas. As expected, the crabs fed diets with DHA supplementation showed an increase in the DHA percentage and DHA/EPA ratio in the ovaries and hepatopancreas. In conclusion, dietary Axn and DHA oil had positive effects on ovarian development in E. sinensis females. The optimal combination of dietary Axn and DHA oil was determined to be approximately 100 mg/kg and 0.33%, respectively, for this species during ovarian maturation.
Somatic Mutation: What Shapes the Mutational Landscape of Normal Epithelia?
Authors: Fowler Joanna C. , Jones Philip H.
Published: April 2022

Epithelial stem cells accumulate mutations throughout life. Some of these mutants increase competitive fitness and may form clones that colonize the stem cell niche and persist to acquire further genome alterations. After a transient expansion, mutant stem cells must revert to homeostatic behavior so normal tissue architecture is maintained. Some positively selected mutants may promote cancer development, whereas others inhibit carcinogenesis. Factors that shape the mutational landscape include wild-type and mutant stem cell dynamics, competition for the niche, and environmental exposures. Understanding these processes may give new insight into the basis of cancer risk and opportunities for cancer prevention.

Significance:

Recent advances in sequencing have found somatic mutations in all epithelial tissues studied to date. Here we review how the mutational landscape of normal epithelia is shaped by clonal competition within the stem cell niche combined with environmental exposures. Some of the selected mutant genes are oncogenic, whereas others may be inhibitory of transformation. Discoveries in this area leave many open questions, such as the definition of cancer driver genes, the mechanisms by which tissues constrain a high proportion of oncogenic mutant cells, and whether clonal fitness can be modulated to decrease cancer risk.
Prevalence of Previous COVID-19 Infection, COVID-19 Vaccination Receipt, and Intent to Vaccinate Among the US Workforce
Authors: Nguyen Kimberly H. , Irvine Shannon , Chung Mei , Yue Holly , Sheetoh Cordelia , Chui Kenneth , Allen Jennifer D.
Published: April 2022

Objective:

As COVID-19 vaccines become more accessible to all people in the United States, more employees are returning to the workforce or switching to in-person work. However, limited information is available on vaccination coverage and intent among the US workforce.

Methods:

We used data from the US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey, fielded during April 14–May 24, 2021 (N = 218 787), to examine the prevalence of previous COVID-19 infection, vaccination receipt, and intent to vaccinate by essential worker status and employment type. In addition, we analyzed factors associated with vaccination receipt and reasons for not getting vaccinated.

Results:

More than 15% of the US workforce had a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, and 73.6% received ≥1 dose of COVID-19 vaccine; however, 12.4% reported that they probably will not or definitely will not get vaccinated. Vaccination coverage (range, 63.8%-78.3%) was lowest and non-intent to get vaccinated (12.9%-21.7%) was highest among self-employed adults across all essential and nonessential worker groups. Factors associated with receipt of vaccination were age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, educational attainment, annual household income, health insurance status, and previous COVID-19 diagnosis. The main reasons for not getting vaccinated were concerns about possible side effects and waiting and seeing if the vaccine is safe.

Conclusion:

Identifying and addressing disparities in COVID-19 vaccination coverage in the US workforce can protect groups with low vaccine coverage and increase understanding of reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Educating employees about the vaccine and its potential side effects, promoting a culture of health and safety in the workplace, and building social norms around vaccination can help create a safe work environment for all employees and their families.
A Practical Review of Suicide Among Veterans: Preventive and Proactive Measures for Health Care Institutions and Providers
Authors: Ruiz Frank , Burgo-Black Lucile , Hunt Stephen C. , Miller Matthew , Spelman Juliette F.
Published: April 2022

Suicide rates among veterans are higher than those of the general US population. Although veterans compose only 7.6% of the US population, nearly 14% of American adult suicides are among veterans. The rate of suicide is 1.5 times higher among all veterans and 2.1 times higher among female veterans compared with the general population. Only 47% of all veterans are enrolled in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System, leaving a large number either not receiving health care or receiving it outside the VA. Recent legislation has improved access to care for veterans outside the VA, highlighting the need for a broad public health approach to address veteran suicide and the need for all health care institutions and clinicians to be familiar with the unique health concerns in this population. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the risk factors contributing to veteran suicide and to provide guidance on how to assess and mitigate these risks. Suicide is preventable through recognition of risk and prompt intervention. Health care providers both inside and outside the VA system are uniquely situated at the intersection of the many contributing factors to veteran suicide and should have a structured, proactive approach to address the problem.
The Cost of Medically Unnecessary Days Due to Waiting for Guardianship in a State Acute Hospital System
Authors: Brierley-Bowers Patricia , Connors Heather , Tompkins Joanne , Macy Peter M.
Published: April 2022

Hospitals must do more with less, making efficiency a priority. Discharge delays create challenges for acute care hospitals. Some delays are due to patients waiting for a guardian—a person appointed to assist an adult who lacks decision-making capacity. Previous studies examine the burden of excess days in a single academic medical center (AMC); however, these institutions do not represent the entire hospital system. This descriptive study expands upon previous analyses by calculating the financial implications of medically unnecessary days in a state’s hospitals to payers. Two models are presented: one calculates the gross patient service revenues required to support excess days; the other calculates the expense to hospitals. Results suggest that substantial funds are required to support excess days. Funds may be better allocated to support the health and well-being of people needing medical care or to address the cause of delays due to waiting for guardianship.
How to Handle Offending Troops Overseas: The U.S. Military’s Legal Strategy During the Cold War
Authors: Efrat Asif
Published: April 2022

The peacetime deployment of U.S. forces in foreign countries goes against traditional notions of sovereignty. How did such deployment become legitimate following World War II? This article examines the legal strategy that the U.S. military employed to make American troop presence more palatable to foreign publics and to critics at home: granting certain legal authority over offending troops to host countries, while seeking to shield troops from trials in host-country courts. The military also used local, informal ties with hosts to guarantee fair legal treatment for troops and worked to convince skeptics that U.S. troops faced no legal threat. The mitigating of legal tensions helped the military create conducive political conditions for its presence abroad and likely contributed to the durability of U.S. deployments. The Cold-War practice contrasts sharply with the contemporary desire of the United States to maintain complete jurisdiction over its troops.
Securing Internet of Things devices by enabling Ethereum blockchain using smart contracts
Authors: Patruni Muralidhara Rao , Saraswathi Pedada
Published: April 2022

The development of the IoT is rapidly growing. These IoT devices are mainly deployed to control and report environmental changes, prevent risks, and bring many beneficial services. However, these benefits may open doors to the adversaries in conjunction with security vulnerabilities and privacy issues. In the recent past, Blockchain has been an emerging technology that reaches several use-cases apart from cryptocurrency. For instance, IoT integration with Blockchain implementation yet indefinite required further research because of resource-constrained IoT devices and ledger-based Blockchain protocol design. This paper presents the systematic implementation of securing IoT devices by enabling the Ethereum Blockchain smart contract. The results show that the collected information is securely stored in the Blockchain after successful authentication. Practical Application: Blockchain innovations have the power to transform manufacturing, construction, healthcare and building supply chains by eliminating the middleman, streamlining operations, improving overall security, and simplifying data management. Onboarding, recordkeeping, client screening, data management, security, privacy, and transaction and trade processing are examples of several practice applications in the financial, insurance, and eHealth services industries. Thus, this study ensures security by enabling Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts in an authentic blockchain applications for building sustainable environments to improve readability and trustworthiness of the transactions.
Paranasal sinus actinomycosis treated with a combination of surgery and long-term low-dose macrolide
Authors: Numano Yuki , Nomura Kazuhiro , Watanabe Mika , Sugawara Mitsuru , Hemmi Tomotaka , Suzuki Jun , Kakuta Risako , Katori Yukio
Published: April 2022

Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection caused by actinomyces. Although almost 50% of cases are related to the head and neck region, those in the nose and paranasal sinuses (PNS) are rare. Actinomycosis of the PNS is presumed to be typically caused by dental caries, dental manipulation, and maxillofacial trauma, which facilitate the penetration of oral pathogens into the sinus, and should thus be treated by the combination of surgical removal and potent antibiotics for at least two months. The current use of these antibiotics might be redundant, considering the nature of actinomycosis of the PNS, which does not invade the mucosal surface. We herein report a 67-year-old female treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and diagnosed with actinomycosis of the PNS by pathological findings. She had no history of dental impairment or treatment. She was given routine perioperative prophylactic antibiotics (cefazolin) during the surgery, followed by low-dose clarithromycin. The mucosa of the PNS normalized without any discharge by three months after the operation. The patient is a valuable example that should prompt reconsideration of the commonly accepted pathogenesis and treatment of actinomycosis of the PNS.
Intrathyroidal Parathyroid Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Daniel Hannah , Pillutla Pranati , Schwartz Cynthia , Nguyen Tam
Published: April 2022

Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignancy that is usually difficult to diagnose. We present a case of a 31-year-old male with a history of hyperparathyroidism who was found to have intrathyroidal PC upon review of immunostains along with a review of the current literature. A systematic review of the literature utilizing the PubMed database identified 24 relevant, full-text articles. 25 cases were analyzed, including our own report. The case of a 31-year-old man with a history of hyperparathyroidism managed with subtotal thyroidectomy and subtotal parathyroidectomy who had persistent hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone. Abnormal radiotracer uptake was noted in the left thyroid gland. Neck exploration with left parathyroidectomy and revision thyroidectomy was performed. A candidate left inferior parathyroid was found within the left thyroid lobe remnant and identified as parathyroid carcinoma. Immunostains determined an intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma. The literature review shows the average presenting age was 50.9 years. 54.17% (CI, 43–82%) of affected patients are female. Right-sided thyroid involvement is seen in 54.17% (CI, 34–74%) of cases. The inferior aspect of the thyroid is involved in 66.67% of cases (CI, 53–89%). Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma is a rare and challenging diagnosis due to similarities with other more common endocrine abnormalities. This review found that the inferior parathyroid is more likely to be located within the thyroid gland. Surgeons may consider aberrant anatomical locations, including intrathyroidal locations, for the inferior parathyroid glands.
The effect of first- and second-generation antipsychotics on brain morphology in schizophrenia: A systematic review of longitudinal magnetic resonance studies with a randomized allocation to treatment arms
Authors: Fountoulakis Konstantinos N , Stahl Stephen M
Published: April 2022

Schizophrenia manifests as loss of brain volume in specific areas in a progressive nature and an important question concerns whether long-term treatment with medications contributes to this. The aim of the current PRISMA systematic review was to search for prospective studies involving randomization to treatment. PROSPERO ID: CRD42020197874. The MEDLINE/PUBMED was searched and it returned 2638 articles; 3 were fulfilling the inclusion criteria. A fourth was published later; they included 359 subjects, of whom 86 were healthy controls, while the rest were first-episode patients, with 91 under olanzapine, 93 under haloperidol, 48 under risperidone, 5 under paliperidone, 6 under ziprasidone, and 30 under placebo. Probably one-third of patients were suffering from a psychotic disorder other than schizophrenia. The consideration of their results suggested that there is no significant difference between these medications concerning their effects on brain structure and also in comparison to healthy subjects. There does not seem to be any strong support to the opinion that medications that treat psychosis cause loss of brain volume in patients with schizophrenia. On the contrary, the data might imply the possible presence of a protective effect for D2, 5-HT2, and NE alpha-2 antagonists (previously called SGAs). However, the literature is limited and focused research in large study samples is essential to clarify the issue, since important numerical differences do exist. The possibility of the results and their heterogeneity to be artifacts secondary to a modification of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal by antipsychotics should not be easily rejected until relevant data are available.
Shyness, Unsociability, and Social Avoidance During Early Adolescence: Associations With Peer Relationships and Aggression
Authors: Eggum Natalie D. , Zhang Linlin , An Danming , Xu Jingyi , Clifford Brandon N. , Costa Megan
Published: April 2022

We investigated how 5th–8th graders’ self- and peer-identified withdrawal motivations predicted peer-reported peer relationships and aggression. Participants ( N = 221; 47% male) provided self-reports and peer-nomination data (we analyzed 339 students’ nominations). We hypothesized shyness, unsociability, and avoidance would predict low peer liking and high exclusion; shyness and avoidance would predict high victimization and peer disliking; and avoidance would predict high aggression. Support was mixed. Results varied by withdrawal motivation reporter. Self-identified shy and avoidant individuals had low peer liking. Self-identified shy individuals had low disliking and low victimization. Peer-identified shy individuals had low disliking, high exclusion, and low aggression. Peer-identified unsociable individuals had low liking and high exclusion. Peer-identified avoidant individuals had low liking, high disliking, high exclusion, high victimization, and high aggression. Results suggest that peer-identified avoidant individuals have a concerning profile of peer relationships and aggression. Longitudinal work is needed to understand the developmental sequelae of avoidance.
Positive mood induction through music: The significance of listener age and musical timbre
Authors: Ryczkowska Alicja
Published: April 2022

This experimental research aimed to verify whether the variables of listener age and musical timbre play significant roles in the process of the impact of music on human mood state in the context of the positive mood induction procedure using music. The stimulus material was in the form of two timbrally different versions of the same musical piece. Two participant groups in their early and late adulthood (ages: 18–30 and 60–89) participated in the research. In each of the older and the younger groups, two further subgroups were presented with timbrally different versions of the same music. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the intergroup scheme was used in the analysis of the research results. The analysis suggested statistically significant main effect of listener age, but no statistically significant main effect of timbre or interaction effect of listener age and timbre on mood state after listening to music. The average mood state after listening to music was more positive in the group of older adults than in the group of young adults (regardless of the timbral variant of music).
Does genre make a difference? Classical orchestra/popular band musicians’ motivation, self-efficacy, and practice experiences’ effects on deliberate practice
Authors: Schmidt Simon , Gruber Hans
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the motivational conditions, self-efficacy beliefs, and practice of classical (symphonic, wind) orchestra/popular (rock, pop) band musicians. It thus complements previous research which has shed light on individual aspects of music learning. In both individual and collective work, high quality practice performed in a sufficient amount of time was shown to be very effortful. A mixed-method approach combined a questionnaire and an additional prototypical case interview for each genre with professional musicians. The results show that classical musicians were younger than popular musicians when they started to learn their first and main music instrument and entered their first orchestra or band. While it was confirmed that individual experience was crucial for the time invested in and the quality of deliberate practice, collective practice experiences were also indicated to be a determinant. Furthermore, individual and collective practice were shown to be interrelated. Professional level was suggested to be a more discriminating factor with regard to the variables studied than genre, as professional musicians from both genres deploy deliberate practice strategies in an individual and in a collective context. Improvisation and jamming, however, only appeared in the popular collective and classical individual practice context.
Geographies of race and ethnicity 1: Black geographies
Authors: Noxolo Pat
Published: April 2022

This first of three progress reports gives a brief overview of the new field of Black Geographies. It elucidates Black Geographies as a field that not only critiques the erasure of Blackness within the whiteness and coloniality of geographical thought, but also centres Black spatial thought and agency. Thus, Black Geographies is an im/possible undertaking. Nonetheless, Black Geographies speaks not only about the spatialities of Black people but overwhelmingly speaks from the voices of Black geographers: Geography will need to recruit and retain enough Black geographers to make such an undertaking truly possible.
Nurse champions as leaders for the implementation of CoACT Collaborative Care
Authors: Yun Lira , Bilyk Candis , Bresson Victoria , Brockmann Jennifer , Gordey Lisa
Published: April 2022

This is the first paper describing the unit level champion role in order to implement the Collaborative Care framework as an evidence-based practice in the province of Alberta. The clear selection criteria of Unit Lead, funding (.2 FTE) that allows for the dedication of the role, support with various education, coaching from the project management team, and community of practices were suggested as important factors for successful utilization of Unit Leads to implement quality improvement initiatives in a large scale. Future initiatives may consider using a peer-leader champion as a change agent who is committed to the change initiative, credible and personally connected to the unit staff, possesses knowledge about the organizational culture, and develops a unit-tailored strategy via performance monitoring data to fully implement an evidence-based practice for quality care.
A Prospective Analysis of the Interrelationship between Physical Intimate Partner Violence and Alcohol Use: A Post-Hoc Analysis of Young Women Involved in the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures Trial in South Africa
Authors: Gibbs Andrew , Chirwa Esnat , Dunkle Kristin
Published: April 2022

Prospective studies assessing women’s experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and alcohol use have shown mixed results and all are from high-income countries. Using longitudinal data from young women in South Africa we assess whether changes in physical IPV impact alcohol use, and whether changes in alcohol use impact physical IPV experience. Post-hoc analysis of women aged 18–30 living in informal settlements in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa, involved in the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures trial, between September 2015 and October 2019, with data collected at baseline ( n = 677) and endline at 24 months ( n = 545, 80.5% retention). At both timepoints, women were asked about their past year physical IPV experience and alcohol use. We estimated changes in physical IPV over time and whether this was associated with harmful alcohol use at endline. We then estimated changes in alcohol use over time, and whether this was associated with experience of past year physical IPV at endline. Women who experienced an increase in physical IPV over the study period were more likely to report harmful drinking at 24 months (aOR2.45, 95% CI 1.21–4.97). Similarly, women reporting increased alcohol use over time were more likely to report past year physical IPV at 24 months (aOR2.04, 95% CI 1.21–3.46). Among young women living in urban poverty those who experienced increasing physical violence from intimate partners were more likely to report increased and problematic alcohol use. Similarly, women reporting increasing alcohol use over 24 months were more likely to report physical IPV. However, there was no evidence that decreased alcohol use led to reductions in IPV, or that reduced IPV experience led to decreased alcohol use. Future research and interventions need to consider the reciprocal risks of physical IPV and alcohol use, with a focus on joint underlying drivers.
Single point incremental forming of polyamide/30 wt% short glass fiber composite
Authors: Bagheri Sareh , Kami Abdolvahed , Shakouri Meisam
Published: April 2022

The experimental study of single point incremental forming (SPIF) of a thermoplastic matrix composite (TMC) was presented in this research. The TMC’s matrix was built of polyamide (PA) 6.6, and the reinforcement was 30 wt percent short glass fiber (GF). The TMC was manufactured by hot pressing PA/30 wt percent GF granules to a thickness of 1.5 mm. The impact of SPIF process variables such as forming temperature (60°C–120°C), spindle speed (500 rpm–3000 rpm), wall angle (30°–60°), and step size (0.5 mm–1.5 mm) on forming depth and shrinkage owing to cooling were investigated. The findings revealed that the wall angle is the most effective parameter on TMC forming depth and shrinkage. Furthermore, TMC showed a significant percentage of shrinkage when it is cooled (up to 83.6% of shrinkage).
Gramsci, the Relativity of the Integral State-Society, and the COVID-19 Interregnum
Authors: Lin Yue Zhou
Published: April 2022

Gramscian scholars have engaged with Gramsci’s leitmotif (‘rhythm of thought’) and the stato integrale (integral state), a concept he introduced in Autumn 1930. This represents remarkable progress in the Marxist community. But what requires further attention is the interconnection between an integral state and a totalitarian one, two of the three expressions of state-society formations that Perry Anderson identified as Gramsci’s antinomies. This article argues that the integral state is fragile but hegemonic if it can be sustained. Otherwise, it can degenerate into a totalitarian state. The article refigures the ‘integral state’ as the ‘integral state-society’. It exists relatively, depending on whether the ‘integral momentum’ or the ‘totalitarian tendency’ prevails in a dynamic interaction between radical Left, Far Right, and those currents in between. Identifying this relativity helps to formulate a deeper understanding of Gramsci’s thought and show how his legacy supports a class struggle perspective on the COVID-19 interregnum.
Effects of canard oscillations on the unsteady flowfield over the wing in supersonic flow
Authors: Davari Ali R , Soltani Mohammad R
Published: April 2022

Few studies have been devoted to effects of canard oscillations on the flowfield over the wing in supersonic flow and the associated time lags. In this article, an in-depth experimental study on a closely coupled canard-wing-body configuration in supersonic flow has been undertaken to mark the zone of influence of the oscillatory canard on the wing. Surface pressure measurements have been performed on the wing downstream of canard in both static and oscillatory cases at various wing angles of attack and canard deflection angles as well as the canard oscillation amplitudes and frequencies. The results show that the upwash and downwash flowfields due to an oscillatory canard periodically change the effective angle of attack seen by the wing and have different effects on various regions. In supersonic flow, the pressure rise due to the oblique shock waves causes the primary flow separation and the vortex break down onsets to occur at higher angles of attack, comparing to those in the lower speed regimes. According to the results, the mid-span region on the wing, which is directly in the shadow of the oscillating canard, receives more disturbances. During upstroke, the canard induces a downwash field to the front half of the wing, while in downstroke motion, the front regions of the wing experience upwash flow, giving rise to the effective angle of attack seen by the wing. Among various oscillation parameters, the pitching amplitude was observed to have a strong impact on the time lag in flowfield over the wing.
Care ethics framework for midwifery practice: A scoping review
Authors: Buchanan Kate , Newnham Elizabeth , Ireson Deborah , Davison Clare , Geraghty Sadie
Published: April 2022

Background: As a normative theory, care ethics has become widely theorized and accepted. However, there remains a lack of clarity in relation to its use in practice, and a care ethics framework for practice. Maternity care is fraught with ethical issues and care ethics may provide an avenue to enhance ethical sensitivity.

Aim: The purpose of this scoping review is to determine how care ethics is used amongst health professions, and to collate the information in data charts to create a care ethics framework and definition for midwifery practice.

Method: The scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations. The search was applied to the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PschInfo and Pubmed which were searched in September 2019 and again in July 2021. The inclusion criteria were guided by the mnemonic for search terms: Participants, Concept, and Context (PCC) and included variations of health care professionals, care ethics and utilization. The search was limited to qualitative studies published in English between 2010 and 2021. A data extraction tool was used to extract and synthesize data into categories. The articles were screened for eligibility by title, abstract and full text review, by two independent reviewers.

Ethical Considerations: The scoping review was guided by ethical conduct respecting authorship and referencing sources.

Results: Twelve of the initially identified 129 studies were included in the scoping review. Data synthesis yielded four categories of care ethics use by health professionals: relationship, context, attention to power and caring practices. In combination, the evidence forms a framework for care ethics use in midwifery practice.

Conclusion: Care ethics use by health professionals enhances ethical sensitivity. A framework and definition for care ethics for midwifery practice is proposed. This review will be of interest to midwives and other health practitioners seeking to enhance ethical sensitivity.
Effect of Foot Massage on Decreasing Blood Pressure and Anxiety in Older People with Hypertension in Indonesia
Authors: Anwar Nursanti , Irwan Andi Masyitha , Saleh Ariyanti , Usman Suharno
Published: April 2022

Background:

Globally, the prevalence of hypertension, especially in older people, is relatively high and increasing annually. In addition to hypertension, many older people also experience anxiety. Interventions are needed to reduce blood pressure and overcome anxiety, one of which is foot massage.

Objective:

To determine the effect of foot massage on reducing blood pressure and anxiety in older people with hypertension.

Method:

This study was a one-group pre-test–post-test design with a time-series design for measuring blood pressure and assessing the degree of anxiety after foot massage intervention for 12 sessions. Thirty older people with hypertension and anxiety participated in this study.

Results:

A significant decrease in anxiety was observed after the 6th and 12th sessions of foot massage intervention ( P < 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in systolic blood pressure after the 12th intervention compared to baseline and 8th intervention ( P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Foot massage intervention is effective in reducing blood pressure and anxiety in older people with hypertension.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Rural People on Antibiotic Usage: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Makhdum Niaz , Islam Naznin , Rumi Maruf Hasan , Rashid Md Harunur
Published: April 2022

Antibiotic resistance is a serious global health problem. This study endeavours to assess the current knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding antibiotic usage among the rural people of Meherpur district, Bangladesh. This study followed quantitative approach and used social survey method to collect data from 399 respondents of Meherpur district. Results reveal that the respondents had a moderate knowledge of antibiotic usage but a negative attitude towards following the guideline and poor practice in using antibiotics made the situation worse for them. The findings of this study will help for the policymakers to develop the current awareness level of the rural people regarding antibiotic use and will provide a guideline for the improvement of current community clinics health-care providers’ efficiency on their service provision.
Combining the Use of Data Analytics and Balanced Scorecard to Enhance Healthcare Delivery: A Study
Authors: Victor Stephen , Farooq Ayesha
Published: April 2022

In recent years, there has been a tremendous leap in the usage of data in its different forms. Big data has grown exponentially and so have the tools that enable culling out meaningful data that have the potential to transform business establishments. Tools that make use of big data like Cloud Computing, Data Warehousing, Dashboards and Mobile Apps have found application in several fields including healthcare. These applications provide real-time data to aid business establishments in making timely decisions. However, data need to be presented in an appropriate format like ones shown in the balanced scorecard (BSC) which has undergone a number of refinements since the 1990s. Since the BSC includes the provision of both financial and non-financial key performance indicators (KPI), it serves the long-term interests of an organisation. The efficacy and profitability of the BSC can be scaled up with the aid of data analytics which provides all inputs for a decision support system. This article explores the various possibilities of using data analytics in providing and updating meaningful inputs to each of the perspectives of the BSC to enhance healthcare delivery.
The Life of Consumption Communities: A Study on Vegan Communities
Authors: Hungara Ana , Nobre Helena
Published: April 2022

Marketplace cultures, one of the main theoretical frameworks within consumer culture theory (CCT), offers grounds for the study of consumer interactions with the marketplace. One kind of consumer interaction occurs inside consumption communities. Most of the consumption communities nowadays are online. Consumers go online to get information and advice from peers on their consumption options and processes. They participate in online forums and communities to connect with like-minded individuals, discuss topics of interest and share experiences. Taking the interpretive lens of CCT, we propose to analyse the ‘life’ of online consumption communities in the context of vegan consumption communities. We present the research agenda for this in-progress study and the suggestions for further research on consumption communities and, more specifically, vegan communities, as identified in our literature review.
A Critical Visual Analysis and Communication of Jide Okonkwo’s Facebook Challenge Illustration
Authors: Morgan Trevor Vermont , Uzoagba Ogechukwu Miracle , Uzoagba Chukwunonso
Published: April 2022

In this article, we explore and probe the critical visual analysis framework on the ‘challenge’ illustrations of Jide Okonkwo distributed on Facebook in 2019 while considering contents, contexts and communication of the images. Engaging with critical visual analysis is in order to deepen our understanding of its dynamics and potential for visual semiosis. The images are visual data for this analysis, and they are relevant considering their rich visual contents. Using critical visual analysis framework as developed by Jiayu Wang, we explore and interpret these images against the backdrop of their sociocultural and communication foci. The theoretical analysis is substantiated with elements of visual grammar (VG). The article expounds the understanding regarding the theoretical tool as well as the semiosis of the social practices connected with these images.
The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts: Exploring Attributes of Team Work Engagement Climate
Authors: Gersdorf-Van den Berg Marieke E. , Akkermans Jos , Hoeksema Ludwig H. , Khapova Svetlana N.
Published: April 2022

Despite growing interest in the concept of team work engagement (TWE), relatively little is known about the conditions that allow it to emerge. Based on the literature on work engagement and team climate, this study introduces the concept of TWE climate and examines its conceptual attributes. Based on a one-and-a-half-year qualitative investigation of eight Dutch self-steering project teams, we discovered that TWE climate comprises eight attributes, both (a) personal and (b) shared. Personal attributes include team members' commitment and drive toward the team and a personal feeling of being respected within the team. Shared attributes include a shared ability to overcome challenges and a shared sense of accomplishment, community, drive, and focus. Our findings indicate that personal and shared attributes are both critical elements of a team climate conducive to team work engagement. We conclude this paper by discussing what these findings mean for the concept of TWE climate in light of future research and practice.