bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disruption vs. evolution in laboratory medicine. Current challenges and possible strategies, making laboratories and the laboratory specialist profession fit for the future
Authors: Cadamuro Janne
Published: August 2022

Since beginning of medical diagnostics, laboratory specialists have done an amazing job, continuously improving quality, spectrum and speed of laboratory tests, currently contributing to the majority of medical decision making. These improvements are mostly of an incremental evolutionary fashion, meaning improvements of current processes. Sometimes these evolutionary innovations are of a radical fashion, such as the invention of automated analyzers replacing manual testing or the implementation of mass spectrometry, leading to one big performance leap instead of several small ones. In few cases innovations may be of disruptive nature. In laboratory medicine this would be applicable to digitalization of medicine or the decoding of the human genetic material. Currently, laboratory medicine is again facing disruptive innovations or technologies, which need to be adapted to as soon as possible. One of the major disruptive technologies is the increasing availability and medical use of artificial intelligence. It is necessary to rethink the position of the laboratory specialist within healthcare settings and the added value he or she can provide to patient care. The future of the laboratory specialist profession is bright, as it the only medical profession comprising such vast experience in patient diagnostics. However, laboratory specialists need to develop strategies to provide this expertise, by adopting to the quickly evolving technologies and demands. This opinion paper summarizes some of the disruptive technologies as well as strategies to secure and/or improve the quality of diagnostic patient care and the laboratory specialist profession.
Bioremediation of organic/heavy metal contaminants by mixed cultures of microorganisms: A review
Authors: Li Xue , Feng Chongling , Lei Min , Luo Kun , Wang Lingyu , Liu Renguo , Li Yuanyuan , Hu Yining
Published: August 2022

Although microbial remediation has been widely used in the bioremediation of various contaminants, in practical applications of biological remediation, pure cultures of microorganisms are seriously limited by their adaptability, efficiency, and capacity to handle multiple contaminants. Mixed cultures of microorganisms involve the symbiosis of two or more microorganisms. Such cultures exhibit a collection of the characteristics of each microorganism species or strain, showing enormous potential in the bioremediation of organic or heavy metal pollutants. The present review focuses on the mixed cultures of microorganisms, demonstrating its importance and summarizing the advantages of mixed cultures of microorganisms in bioremediation. Furthermore, the internal and external relations of mixed culture microorganisms were analyzed with respect to their involvement in the removal process to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Basic principle and good practices of rheology for polymers for teachers and beginners
Authors: Ramli Hairunnisa , Zainal Nurul Fatahah Asyqin , Hess Michael , Chan Chin Han
Published: August 2022

We present a basic principle and good practices of the rheology of polymers, particularly for teachers or lecturers at colleges or universities for educational purposes, as well as for beginner researchers who may refer to this article as their self-learning resources. Basic consideration of the experimental methods using parallel-plate oscillatory rheometer and step-by-step guidelines for the estimation of the power law dependence of storage,G′ and loss,G″ modulus as well as the estimation of the relaxation time atf  cross G′−G′′${f}_{\,\mathrm{cross}}^{\,{G}^{\prime }-{G}^{\prime \prime }}$at terminal zone using various approaches such as commercial graphical software, manual graphical approach and commercial rheometer software are highlighted. Good practices for data interpretation using different approaches are described and compared where the outcomes revealed the manual graphical approach or commercial graphical software yield comparable results with the commercial rheometer software. In order to have better insight, several examples and exercises which are applicable for teaching and self-learning activities are also provided.
Structural and elastic properties of tetragonal nano-structured copper ferrite
Authors: Dhyani Reena , Srivastava Ramesh Chandra , Rawat Pankaj Singh , Dixit Gagan
Published: August 2022

The surge of interest in ferrimagnetic materials over the years has been driven by their fascinating multifunctional properties. The elastic properties of these materials are a subject of much interest and vital importance due to their wide range of technological and industrial applications. In the present work, the structural and elastic properties of tetragonal copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles synthesized by a citrate assisted sol-gel auto combustion technique have been investigated. The nanocrystalline powder of copper ferrite was characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Visible spectroscopic techniques. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed pure spinel structure of copper ferrite nanoparticles with Jahn–Teller tetragonal distortion. The band gap of copper ferrite nanoparticles was found to be 3.14 ± 0.03 eV using the diffuse reflectance spectra. The values of elastic moduli (Young’s modulus (E) = 186.3 ± 0.5 GPa, bulk modulus (B) = 124.1 ± 0.3 GPa, and rigidity modulus (G) = 74.4 ± 0.2 GPa) and Debye temperature (θ
D = 500.5 ± 0.5 K) suggest that the synthesized nano-structured copper ferrite is a promising candidate for high temperature and high pressure applications.
Can Non-Causal Explanations Answer the Leibniz Question?
Authors: Lemanski Jens
Published: August 2022

Leibniz is often cited as an authority when it comes to the formulation and answer strategy of the question “Why is there something rather than nothing?” Yet much current research assumes that Leibniz advocates an unambiguous question and strategy for the answer. In this respect, one repeatedly finds the argument in the literature that alternative explanatory approaches to this question violate Leibniz’s intention, since he derives the question from the principle of sufficient reason and also demands a causal explanation to the question. In particular, the new research on non-causal explanatory strategies to the Leibniz question seems to concern this counter-argument. In this paper, however, I will argue that while Leibniz raises the question by means of the principle of sufficient reason, he even favours a non-causal explanatory strategy to the question. Thus, a more accurate Leibniz interpretation seems not only to legitimise but also to support non-causal explanations to the Leibniz question.
Crystal structure of N
2,N
6-bis(2-(((E)-quinolin-8-ylmethylene)amino)phenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide, C39H27N7O2
Authors: Zhao Wen-Ze
Published: August 2022

C39H27N7O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.3871(18) Å, b = 19.114(3) Å, c = 13.2430(16) Å, β = 103.236(4)°, V = 3052.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0516, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1313, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of N′,N‴-((1E,2E)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(4-methylbenzohydrazide) – water – methanol (1/1/1), C31H32N4O4
Authors: Zhang Zhijian , Jiang Wujiu , Zhang Fuxing , Li Aodian
Published: August 2022

C31H32N4O4, monoclinic, P2/c (no. 13), a = 23.938(2) Å, b = 9.1931(8) Å, c = 12.6327(10) Å, β = 91.828(7)°, V = 2778.6(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0544, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1388, T = 296(2) K.
The Mythical Absolute: The Fiction of Being
Authors: Moss Gregory Scott
Published: August 2022

The concept of “conceptual personae” is a contradiction in terms. On one sense of the term, personae are the characters in a work of art, such as a play or a novel. As characters, they are not common terms – King Lear is a particular; he is not a universal, for he cannot be shared in common. However, concepts are quite unlike King Lear. As universals, they are common terms that can be shared in common. “Conceptual personae” renders the particular universal and thereby declares the universal not to be universal. However, I argue that as long as philosophers maintain a traditional attitude toward conceptual truth, philosophers will not be able to successfully think the structure of being without appealing to the mythical imagination, of which conceptual personae form an essential constituent.
Mechanical performance and failure characteristics of cross laminated timber (CLT) manufactured from tropical hardwoods species
Authors: Yusoh Alia Syahirah , Uyup Mohd Khairun Anwar , Md Tahir Paridah , Seng Hua Lee , Beng Ong Chee
Published: August 2022

The study on the mechanical properties of cross laminated timber (CLT) panels made from tropical hardwood species is essential in order to promote the use of CLT as buildings material in Malaysia. The objective of this study were to evaluate the mechanical performance and failure characteristics of CLT fabricated from tropical timbers species, namely, batai (Paraserianthes falcataria), sesendok (Endospermum malacensis), rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) and kedondong (family Burceraceae). The modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and compressive strength were determined. The failure characteristics of each samples were visually examined and recorded. The results indicated that CLT made from kedondong (KKK) had the highest value of MOR (82.63 N/mm2) and MOE (11,371.33 N/mm2) compared to other species. For compressive strength, CLT made from kedondong (KKK) and rubberwood (RRR) were not significantly different. The failure characteristics observed from bending test were tension, rolling shear and glue line failure while the crushing, shearing and splitting failure were found during compression test. Based on the results obtained, it showed that, the tropical hardwood is suitable to be used as raw material to produce CLT. However, more study should be conducted to observe the performance of CLT on durability and outdoor weathering.
Effect of excitation type on vibration characteristics of typical ship grillage structure
Authors: Zou Tongda , Tang Yuhang , Miao Xuhong , Du Yuan , Jia Fuxin , Shan Yanhe
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the present situation that the effect of excitation type on typical ship grillage structure vibration is not fully revealed, different excitations are applied on typical ship grillage structure to study the effect of different excitation. Finite element method (FEM) is introduced to solve grillage vibration and sound radiation, and a test model is used to verify the effectiveness of the simulation method by comparing test results and simulation results. Mean square vibration velocity and acoustic power are compared to explore the effect of excitation type on grillage vibration. The research shows that the simulation method (FEM) is effective in grillage vibration and sound radiation; the peak frequency of acoustic power and mean square velocity of grillage structure under different excitation are basically the same; uniform distribution excitation is a better way to reduce structure vibration and noise.
Synthesis and applications of TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures by ZnO deposition on TiO2 nanotubes using electrochemical processes
Authors: Navarro-Gázquez Pedro José , Muñoz-Portero Maria J. , Blasco-Tamarit Encarna , Sánchez-Tovar Rita , García-Antón José
Published: August 2022

In recent years, TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures have been attracting the interest of the scientific community due to their excellent photoelectrochemical properties. The main advantage of TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures over other photocatalysts based on semiconductor materials lies in their ability to form heterojunctions in which the valence and conduction bands of both semiconductors are intercalated. This factor produces a decrease in the band gap and the recombination rate and an increase in the light absorption range. The aim of this review is to perform a revision of the main methods to synthesise TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures by ZnO deposition on TiO2 nanotubes using electrochemical processes. Electrochemical synthesis methods provide an easy, fast, and highly efficient route to carry out the synthesis of nanostructures such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, etc. They allow us to control the stoichiometry, thickness and structure mainly by controlling the voltage, time, temperature, composition of the electrolyte, and concentration of monomers. In addition, a study of the most promising applications for TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures has been carried out. In this review, the applications of dye-sensitised solar cell, photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic compounds, photoelectrochemical water splitting, gas sensors, and lithium-ion batteries have been highlighted.
Global systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and concentration of aflatoxins in peanuts oil and probabilistic risk assessment
Authors: Fakhri Yadolah , Omar Sharaf S. , Mehri Fereshteh , Hoseinvandtabar Somayeh , Mahmudiono Trias
Published: August 2022

Exposure to mycotoxins in food is largely unavoidable, and concerns about their health effects are growing. Consumption of vegetable oils such as peanuts oil has increased, hence several studies have been conducted on concentration of aflatoxins (AFs) in peanuts oil. Search was performed in Scopus and PubMed databases on prevalence and concentration of AFs in peanuts oil from 1 January 2005 to 15 April 29, 2022. Prevalence and concentration of AFs in peanuts oil was meta-analyzed based on country and type of AFs subgroups. In addition, health risk was calculated using monte carlo simulation method. Pooled prevalence of AFB1 in peanuts oil was 47.9%; AFB2, 46.45%; AFG1, 46.92% and AFG2, 54.01%. The Overall prevalence of AFTs was 49.30%, 95%CI (35.80–62.84%). Pooled concentration of AFB1 in peanuts oil was 2.30 μg/kg; AFB2, 0.77 μg/kg; AFG1, 0.07 μg/kg; AFG1, 0.28 μg/kg. The sort of country based on mean of MOEs in the adults consumers was Japan (47,059) > China (17,670) > Ethiopia (7,398) > Sudan (6,974) > USA (1,012) and sort of country based on mean of MOEs in the children was Japan (120,994) > China (46,991) > Ethiopia (19,251) > Sudan (18,200) > USA (2,620). Therefore, adults consumers were in considerable health risk in Ethiopia, Sudan and USA and for children in USA (MOE < 10,000).
Dyadic Associations Between Conscientiousness Facets, Health, and Health Behavior Over Time
Authors: Chopik William , Lee Ji Hyun
Published: August 2022

Previous studies show consistent associations between conscientiousness and health outcomes. However, less is known about how various facets of conscientiousness, of both individuals and their partners, are associated with changes in health in older adults over time. Applying the actor–partner interdependence model, we examined dyadic associations of broader conscientiousness and its six facets and changes in health, health behavior, and well-being in middle-aged and older couples. With a sample of 3,271 couples (N=6,542) from the Health and Retirement Study, we found that actor conscientiousness, orderliness, and industriousness were most reliably associated with better health outcomes over time. Partner orderliness was associated with better health and more positive health behavior. The remaining associations were near-zero in their effect sizes. Many of these associations persisted over the 10-year period of the study, and there was little evidence for gender differences or multiplicative interactions.
Combination of Backpropagation Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization for Water Production Prediction in Municipal Waterworks
Authors: Agustyawan Arif , Laksana Tri Ginanjar , Athiyah Ummi
Published: August 2022

Abstract.Purpose: As the population grows, the need for clean water also increases. Municipal Waterworks (PDAM) is an institution that regulates and manages the procurement of clean water for the community. So, the amount of water produced and distributed should be adjusted to the demand for water. Predictions on PDAM water production need to be done as planning and better preparation and facilitating and assisting in decision-making.Methods: The study used the Neural Network backpropagation algorithm combined with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to predict the amount of water PDAM should produce. Backpropagation has a good ability to make predictions. But backpropagation has a weakness that causes it to get stuck at a local minimum. This is influenced by the determination of weights that are not optimal. In this study, PSO had a role in optimizing error values on the network to gain optimal weight. Result: This study obtained MSE values in the training and testing process of 0.00179 and 0.00081 from the combination model of backpropagation ANN and PSO. It is smaller than the ANN model without using an optimization algorithm.Novelty: The combination of JST backpropagation and PSO can improve predictions' accuracy and produce optimum weights.
Toddler Nutritional Status Classification Using C4.5 and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Nazir Alwis , Akhyar Amany , Yusra Yusra , Budianita Elvia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Purpose: This research was conducted to create a classification model in the form of the most optimal decision tree. Optimal in this case is the combination of parameters used that will produce the highest accuracy compared to other parameter combinations. From this best model, it will be used to predict the nutritional status class for the new data.Methods/Study design/approach: The dataset used is from Nutritional Status Monitoring in 2017 in Riau Province, Indonesia. From the dataset, the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) stages were carried out to build several classification models in the form of decision trees. The decision tree that has the highest accuracy will then be selected to predict the class for the new data. Predictions for new data (unclassified data) will be made in a web-based system.Result/Findings: Particle Swarm Optimization is used to find optimal parameters. Before PSO is used, there are 213 parameters in the dataset that can be used to do classification. However, using many such parameters is time-consuming. After PSO is used, the optimal parameters found are the combination of 4 parameters, which can produce the most optimal decision tree. The 4 chosen parameters are gender, age (in months), height, and the way to measure the height (either stand up or lie down). The most optimal decision tree has an accuracy of 94.49%. From the most optimal decision tree, a web-based system was built to predict the class for new data (unclassified data).Novelty/Originality/Value: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a method that can help to select the most optimal parameters, or in other words produce the highest classification accuracy. The combination of parameters selected has also been confirmed by the nutritionist. The prediction system has been declared feasible to be used by nutritionists through the User Acceptance Test (UAT).
Interactions between FGF23 and vitamin D
Authors: Razzaque Mohammed S
Published: August 2022

Fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF23) controls the homeostasis of both phosphate and vitamin D. Bone-derived FGF23 can suppress the transcription of 1α‐hydroxylase (1α(OH)ase) to reduce renal activation of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3). FGF23 can also activate the transcription of 24‐hydroxylase to enhance the renal degradation process of vitamin D. There is a counter-regulation for FGF23 and vitamin D; 1,25(OH)2D3 induces the skeletal synthesis and the release of FGF23, while FGF23 can suppress the production of 1,25(OH)2D3 by inhibiting 1α(OH)ase synthesis. Genetically ablating FGF23 activities in mice resulted in higher levels of renal 1α(OH)ase, which is also reflected in an increased level of serum 1,25(OH)2D3, while genetically ablating 1α(OH)ase activities in mice reduced the serum levels of FGF23. Similar feedback control of FGF23 and vitamin D is also detected in various human diseases. Further studies are required to understand the subcellular molecular regulation of FGF23 and vitamin D in health and disease.
Tumor suppressor gene ARMC5 controls adrenal redox state through NRF1 turnover
Authors: Cavalcante Isadora P , Rizk-Rabin Marthe , Ribes Christopher , Perlemoine Karine , Hantel Constanze , Berthon Annabel , Bertherat Jerome , Ragazzon Bruno
Published: August 2022

ARMC5 is a tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated in primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH), an adrenal cause of Cushing’s syndrome. The function of ARMC5 is poorly understood, aside the fact that it regulates cell viability and adrenal steroidogenesis by mechanisms still unknown. Tumor suppressor genes play an important role in modifying intracellular redox response, which in turn regulates diverse cell signaling pathways. In this study we demonstrated that ARMC5 inactivation in adrenocortical cell increased expression of actors scavenging ROS, such as superoxide dismutases (SOD) and peroxiredoxins (PRDX) by increasing the transcriptional regulator NRF1. Moreover, ARMC5 is involved in the NRF1 ubiquitination and in its half-life. Finally, ARMC5 inactivation alters adrenocortical steroidogenesis through activation of p38 pathway and decreases cell sensitivity to ferroptosis participating to increase cell viability. Altogether, this study uncovers a function of ARMC5 as a regulator of the redox homeostasis in adrenocortical cells, controlling steroidogenesis and cell survival.
Prognostic of recurrence and survival in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Hescot Segolene , Al Ghuzlan Abir , Henry Theophraste , Sheikh Alard Hala , Lamartina Livia , Borget Isabelle , Hadoux Julien , Baudin Eric , Dupuy Corinne , Nikitski Alyaksandr V. , Nikiforov Yuri E , Schlumberger Martin , Nikiforova Marina N , Leboulleux Sophie
Published: August 2022

The prognosis of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTC) defined by the Turin criteria is variable. The aim of this study on 51 PDTC patients was to determine clinical, histological and molecular prognostic factors associated with recurrence in patients with localized disease at initial treatment and with overall survival in patients with distant metastases. Of 40 patients from whom next generation sequencing (NGS) by ThyroSeq v3 was able to be performed on historical samples, we identified high risk molecular signature (TERT, TP53 mutations) in 24 (60%) cases, intermediate risk signature in 9 (22.5%) cases, and low risk signature in 7 (17.5%) cases. Potentially actionable mutations were identified in 10% of cases. After a median follow-up of 57.5 months, recurrence occurred in 11 (39%) of the 28 patients with localized disease. The ATA high risk of relapse, high mitotic count, high molecular risk signature, and CD163 expression were associated with recurrence (p= 0.009, 0.01, 0.049, 0.03 respectively). After a median follow-up of 49.5 months, thyroid cancer-related death occurred in 53% of the patients with distant metastases. There was no significant prognostic factor associated with death at univariate analysis. However, none of the patients with intermediate ATA risk of recurrence and none of the patients with low risk molecular signature died from the disease. In addition, high molecular risk signature was associated with the presence of synchronous or metachronous distant metastasis (p= 0.007) and with a poor overall survival (p=0.01).

In conclusion, ATA risk of relapse and high mitotic count were associated with higher rate of recurrence in localized PDTC. High molecular risk signature was associated with the presence of distant metastasis and poor overall survival.
Engagement, motivación académica y ajuste de estudiantado universitario
Authors: Cobo-Rendón Rubia , López-Angulo Yaranay , Sáez-Delgado Fabiola , Mella-Norambuena Javier
Published: August 2022

Introducción. El ingreso de la juventud a la universidad es un periodo desafiante e importante para su vida, tanto en términos académicos como personales. Se requiere disponer de un conjunto de habilidades que le permitan ajustarse satisfactoriamente a las demandas del nuevo contexto educativo. El ajuste a la vida universitaria se vuelve una variable clave, dado que permite hacer frente a los requisitos de motivación, ejecución y rendimiento propios de la experiencia universitaria en los ámbitos, académicos, sociales, institucionales y personales del estudiantado. Por tanto, es necesario conocer aquellas variables que predicen un adecuado ajuste del estudiantado para proponer intervenciones oportunas de mejora. Objetivo. Evaluar la capacidad predictiva del engagement y la motivación académica en el ajuste de estudiantado universitario. Metodología. Diseño predictivo-transversal, participaron 512 estudiantes de primer año de una universidad tradicional en Chile (hombres= 297; mujeres= 215). Promedio de edad 19 años (DE=1.49). Resultados. Los modelos de regresión propuestos fueron estadísticamente significativos. El engagement fue el mayor predictor del ajuste académico (β =.511; p<.01; r2=.40), institucional (β=.30; p<.01; r2=.37), social (β =.29; p<.01; r2=.15) y personal-emocional (β = .30; p<.01; r2=.10), seguido de la motivación autónoma. Conclusiones. El engagement académico es relevante no solo en la promoción del rendimiento académico, sino también en los procesos de integración y adaptación del estudiantado en el contexto universitario. Recomendaciones. Para contribuir con el ajuste del estudiantado durante los primeros años, se hace relevante la implementación de estrategias que potencien el engagement académico y la motivación autónoma.
Compositomics: A timely conceptual framework for future advancements in green materials’ design and development
Authors: Lucia Lucian
Published: August 2022

Higher-order systems found in nature continue to be a source of inspiration for designing highly functional artificial systems. However, compositing these systems requires a precise understanding of how the components required can affect final desired responses. This non-trivial task is daunting and therefore will require a multiplicity of approaches elaborated under the umbrella of compositomics, a proposed –omics cluster dedicated to fabricating green materials through modeling, systems thinking, and machine learning.
Comparative study of diverse pretreatment approaches to degrade lignin from Bambusa balcooa
Authors: Parveen Heena , Tewari Lakshmi , Pradhan Diwas , Chaudhary Parul
Published: August 2022

Bamboo biomass is a potential source of monomeric sugars containing a high cellulose content with a low amount of lignin. However, for efficient hydrolysis, an effective biomass pretreatment technique is required to minimize the lignin content and other barrier components. In the present study, bamboo biomass was treated with different physical, chemical, biological, and combined treatments to reduce the lignin content. Among all the pretreatments, the maximum lignin removal amount (14.5%) was obtained with the combined chemical and biological treatment under 2% NaOH + 1% H2O2 + WDP2 fungal culture (5 plugs) conditions. In addition, the ligninolytic fungus and NaOH pretreatment was primarily effective in removing lignins, whereas the H2O2 pretreatment efficiently minimized cellulose crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the structural changes of the raw and treated biomass. The structural analysis indicated that all the treatments caused disruption in the biomass structure and reduced the compactness of the biomass, which facilitated the biomass conversion during the hydrolysis process. The findings of the present study indicated effective pretreatment methods in overcoming the recalcitrancy of potential lignocellulosic biomass for maximum hydrolysis.
Deep eutectic-like solvent-assisted isolation of lignin from Pinus densiflora and its characteristics
Authors: Park Chan-Woo , Han Song-Yi , Park Ji-Soo , Lee Eun-Ah , Bandi Rajkumar , Dadigala Ramakrishna , Kim Jeong-Ki , Kwon Gu-Joong , Kim Nam-Hun , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: August 2022

Lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on Earth, has great potential to replace petrochemical-based polymers in the production of value-added products. However, lignin is difficult to extract from lignocellulose because of the recalcitrance of the latter. Herein, the extraction of lignin from lignocellulose using deep eutectic-like solvents (DESs) as green solvents was investigated. Three types of DESs were used, and the effects of treatment temperature (100, 110, and 130 °C) and time (6, 12, and 24 h) on lignin yield and its characteristics were studied. For each DES, the yield of DES-lignin increased with reaction temperature and time. At the same time, the lignin yield obtained using different DESs decreased in the order of choline chloride/lactic acid > betaine/lactic acid > K2CO3/glycerol. At higher temperatures and longer reaction times, lignin with a high molecular weight was produced, which was attributed to the recondensation of lignin fragments. Furthermore, the methoxyl and hydroxyl group contents decreased with increasing reaction temperature and time. Thermal stability studies revealed that the increased molecular weight of DES-lignin enhanced its thermal resistance.
Comparison of the sound absorption properties of acoustic absorbers made from used copy paper and corrugated board
Authors: Chanlert Purintorn , Jintara Aneeta , Manoma Wiparat
Published: August 2022

Due to the increasing demand for eco-friendly, inexpensive sound absorbers, this study investigated composites made from recycled paper pulp and urea-formaldehyde adhesive. By varying the pulp contents, five samples from used copy paper and five samples from used corrugated board were fabricated. For the same type of porous absorber, one with a lower bulk density has a higher total porosity, resulting in a higher sound absorption coefficient (SAC) spectrum. Sound-absorbing performance of copy paper composites with bulk densities below 442.4 kg/m3 and corrugated board composites with densities of less than 474.8 kg/m3 can be alternatives to commercial polyurethane foam of the same thickness. The noise reduction coefficient (NRC), as well as the average SAC of all corrugated board composites at medium (αM) and high (αH) frequencies were greater than those of copy paper composites. However, the average SAC at low frequency (αL) was not explicitly different for copy paper and corrugated board composites. In conclusion, corrugated board composites are a better candidate as sound absorbers than copy paper composites with the same pulp content.
Aktywność społeczna w narracji współczesnej działaczki lokalnej prezeski Klubu Honorowych Dawców Krwi z powiatu tureckiego
Authors: Trzmielewska Kinga
Published: August 2022

Cel: Poznanie i przedstawienie obszarów, form i rodzajów aktywności społecznej wśród współczesnych działaczy lokalnych z powiatu tureckiego.

Metody: Do uzyskania wyczerpujących informacji wykorzystano wywiad narracyjny.

Wyniki: Prezeska klubu Honorowych Dawców Krwi jest działaczką lokalną, z którą autorka artykułu przeprowadziła wywiad do swojej pracy doktorskiej. Narratorka przedstawiła proces wzrastania do roli aktywistki oraz proces swojego rozwoju i przechodzenia przez kolejne etapy pracy społecznej. Początkowo działa spontanicznie i okazjonalnie. Gdy była odpowiednio zmotywowana, włączała się do różnych akcji i przedsięwzięć społecznych. Stopniowo angażowała się w pracę klubu, została członkinią, później została liderką grupy, a następnie prezesem. Do pracy motywuje ją idea ratowania ludzkiego życia

Wnioski: Badana jest prezesem, który angażuje się we wiele spraw dotyczących klubu. Woli mieć nad wszystkim pieczę i kontrolę. Uczy się delegować zadania, ale przychodzi jej to z trudem. Poświęca swój czas wolny, a nawet urlop.. Przyjmuje rolę matki strażniczki, rycerza chroniącego brać krewniaków i feministki broniącej praw kobiet. Uważa, że część działaczy pracuje społecznie z egoistycznych pobudek- na pokaz, dla uznania, lokalnej sławy lub ze względów politycznych.
Skopos w przekładzie literatury fantasy – przypadek Nibynocy Jay’a Kristoffa
Authors: Madej Martyna
Published: August 2022

Cel. Przedmiot badań stanowił tekst powieści Nibynoc Jay’a Kristoffa oraz jego tłumaczenie. Celem była próba określenia skoposu w przekładzie na język polski.

Metody. Analizie porównawczej zostały podane głównie neologizmy stworzone przez autora, w zestawieniu z tłumaczeniami Małgorzaty Strzelec. Dokonano również całościowego porównania obu dzieł, w celu odnalezienia skoposu  w działaniach tłumaczki.

Wyniki i wnioski. Wykazano, że pomimo wystąpienia kilku wyjątków, tłumaczka przyjmowała określoną metodę tłumaczenia dla każdego rodzaju neologizmu występującego w książce. Jako cel przez nią obrany można uznać wierne oddanie treści w języku docelowym. Pojawiające się elementy egzotyzacji miały za zadanie umożliwienie czytelnikowi głębsze doświadczenie fikcyjnego świata.

Wartość poznawcza. Literatura fantastyczna ma duży potencjał badawczy, nie tylko w przypadku skoposu. Poruszenie tematu skoposu w literaturze fantasy może stanowić inspirację do analizy innych gatunków literackich i zachęcić do poszukiwania głębszego sensu w działaniach podejmowanych przez tłumaczy.
Loneliness and Internet Addiction: A Correlative Analysis in the Context of Online Education among Young Adults
Authors: Gangopadhyay Mayurakshee , Mitra Poulomi , Chakraborty Riya , Chakraborty Bhagyasree , Das Gargi
Published: August 2022

Due to pandemic online education has become the only accessible process to address diverse community in education system. It also compels students to use internet with unprescribed manner which leads to several usage of it at levels that can be called as internet addiction. On the other hand online education has excluded the social interaction process to virtual platforms with changing manner and characteristics. Due to this one can find himself/herself isolated and on the other hand who is reluctant of participation can find he/she secure. Thus with different dimensions of loneliness and a growing amount of internet addiction, the present study aims to find the primary relation between these two variables.
The Life and Work of Muhammad Ibn Jarir al-Tabari
Authors: Bhat Samee-Ullah
Published: August 2022

The third century of the Islamic era was a period of great intellectual attainments. It was in this period that some of the highest intellectual luminaries had risen on the horizon of Islamic learning, whose multiple contributions to multiple themes of Islam guided the later Muslim writers in diverse branches of knowledge. Abu Ja’far Muhammad Ibn Jarir al-Tabari was one of them who was a prolific writer, a Qur’anic exegete, a jurist, a traditionist and a historian and who produced prodigious works on all themes of Islamic learning including his work on Islamic history, Tarikh al-Tabari which has become an important source of information for many generations of historians of Islam. His second most influential and best known work is his work on Qur’anic commentary known as Tafsir al-Tabari which explains the text (sometimes word by word) based on its historical and lexicographical explanations. Miskawayah, Ibn Athir and Abul Fida were among the few Muslim historians who referred to the works of al-Tabari.  He learnt fiqh and jurisprudence from various teachers and contributed a lot to the science of Islamic jurisprudence by writing a number of prominent works. Therefore, this research paper will focus on the on the life of Abu Ja’far Muhammad Ibn Jarir al-Tabari. This research paper will also explore his contributions to different fields of knowledge through his eminent works keeping in view the descriptive as well as analytical methodology.
The Intersection between China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and Indonesia's Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF) after Covid-19
Authors: Prakoso Septyanto Galan , Ardita Nadia Dian , Puspitasari Retnaningtyas , Putra Ferdian Ahya Al
Published: August 2022

In response to the current condition of political and economic conditions in Southeast Asia, this article will elaborate on the intersection between China’s and Indonesia’s foreign policy on two sides, negative and positive intersection by understanding the foreign policy vision of each country's policy. This study tries to explain the intersection of Belt Road Initiative (BRI) by China with Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF) of Indonesia by using qualitative methods and collected data from library research. To deepen the understanding of how both states implemented their foreign policy, media analysis and national interest concept are used. The result indicates that Indonesia needs to respond to the foreign policy of China carefully. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak has altered the development of events on how the two missions from each country collide. Although every decision Indonesia has made regarding China’s BRI policy will not harm Indonesia’s national interest in the future, Indonesia will still have to tread carefully and imply wise decisions in its foreign policy, especially during the recovery period of COVID-19 pandemic.
Representation of Moral Education Values In the Poems of Abū al-‘Atāhiyah (A Study of Genetic Structuralism)
Authors: Hermawan Acep , Fadillah Roojil , Munib Munib
Published: August 2022

The poem is one of the literary works that is often used as a medium to convey messages of life. Through rhythmic language and imaginative content it can stimulate feelings and thoughts about the meaning of life. Therefore, it is often used as an educational medium that is believed to effectively influence a person's behavior through moral and ethical messages. Among the collections of poems that contain the message of life are the poems by Abū al-‘Atāhiyah. This research aims to reveal in-depth the values of moral education contained in the 4163 stanzas of Abū al-‘Atāhiyah in the book entitled Abū al-‘Atāhiyah: Asy’āruhu wa Akhbāruhu, edited by Syukrī Faishal from the book Dīwān Abī al-‘Atāhiyah. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a genetic structuralism approach. The results showed six themes of life, namely death, worldly life, self-forget, ruler lifestyle, concern for others, and self-introspection. These themes show the formation of a person who has religious behavior, creative and healthy thoughts, honest behavior, hard work attitude in achieving goals, politeness, love of peace, tolerance for others, and responsibility.
Pricing Problems with Buyer Preselection
Authors: Bilò Vittorio , Flammini Michele , Monaco Gianpiero , Moscardelli Luca
Published: August 2022

We investigate the problem of preselecting a subset of buyers (also called agents) participating in a market so as to optimize the performance of stable outcomes. We consider four scenarios arising from the combination of two stability notions, namely market envy-freeness and agent envy-freeness, with the two state-of-the-art objective functions of social welfare and seller’s revenue. When insisting on market envy-freeness, we prove that the problem cannot be approximated within n 1−ε (with n being the number of buyers) for any ε > 0, under both objective functions; we also provide approximation algorithms with an approximation ratio tight up to subpolynomial multiplicative factors for social welfare and the seller’s revenue. The negative result, in particular, holds even for markets with single-minded buyers. We also prove that maximizing the seller’s revenue is NP-hard even for a single buyer, thus closing a previous open question. Under agent envy-freeness and for both objective functions, instead, we design a polynomial time algorithm transforming any stable outcome for a market involving any subset of buyers into a stable outcome for the whole market without worsening its performance. This result creates an interesting middle-ground situation where, if on the one hand buyer preselection cannot improve the performance of agent envy-free outcomes, on the other one it can be used as a tool for simplifying the combinatorial structure of the buyers’ valuation functions in a given market. Finally, we consider the restricted case of multi-unit markets, where all items are of the same type and are assigned the same price. For these markets, we show that preselection may improve the performance of stable outcomes in all of the four considered scenarios, and design corresponding approximation algorithms.
MULTISCALE HYDRODYNAMICS IN INCLINED FIXED PAD THRUST SLIDER BEARING WITH INHOMOGENEOUS SURFACES
Authors: Huang Chen , Zhang Yongbin
Published: August 2022

For two different and inhomogeneous surfaces, the flow equations for multiscale hydrodynamics involving the boundary layer flows are different from those for two identical and homogenous surfaces. The analysis is presented for the hydrodynamic inclined fixed pad thrust slider bearing with two different and inhomogenous surfaces with low bearing clearances, where both the adsorbed boundary layer flows and the intermediate continuum fluid flow should be considered. Based on the governing equations, the pressure and carried load of the bearing were derived. The calculation results show the performance of the studied bearing different from the bearing with homogeneous surfaces. It was found that by taking the stationary surface in the inlet zone as hydrophobic (or oilphobic) while that in the outlet zone as hydrophilic (or oilphilic), the load-carrying capacity of the bearing can be significantly improved if the bearing clearance is such that the multiscale flow regime occurs and the tilting angle of the bearing is sufficiently small, e.g., no more than 1 × 10-4 rad.
Influence of mineral mesoscopic structure on rock dynamic fragmentation under compression
Authors: Ju M. , Hao Y. , Guo Z. , Xing H.
Published: August 2022

Three types of rock were chosen to investigate the effect of mineral mesoscopic structure on rock fragmentation under dynamic compression. The fragments collected from the tested sandstones and granites were studied using an image-processing method, and the relationship between the fractal dimension of rock fragments and the mechanical properties in dynamic compression was established. Four failure patterns (apparently intact, local splitting, fragmentation and pulverisation) were classified according to the stress–strain behaviour and fragment distribution of the rock. Moreover, rock fragments of porous sandstone are blocky in form while they are more elongated in granite, as attributed to the difference in failure mode on the mesoscopic scale. This study is meaningful for the understanding of rock dynamic fragmentation and useful for the optimisation of rock breaking in the development of underground space.
Yield and risk associated with prolonged presurgical video‐EEG monitoring: a systematic review
Authors: van Griethuysen Renate , van Asch Charlotte J.J. , Otte Wim M. , Sander Josemir W. , Braun Kees P.J.
Published: August 2022

Objective. Presurgical long‐term video‐EEG monitoring (LT‐VEEG) is an important part of the presurgical evaluation in patients with focal epilepsy. Multiple seizures need to be recorded, often in limited time and with the need to taper anti‐seizure medication (ASM). The aim of this study was to systematically study the yield – in terms of success – and risks associated with presurgical LT‐VEEG, and to identify all previously reported contributing variables.

Methods. A systematic review of the databases of PubMed Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline. Publications about presurgical LT‐VEEG reporting on variables contributing to yield and risk were included. Study characteristics of all included studies were extracted following a standardized template. Within these articles, studies presenting multivariable analyses of factors contributing to the risk of adverse events or the success of LT‐VEEG were identified.

Results. We found 36 articles reporting on LT‐VEEG, including 4,703 presurgical patients, both children and adults. Presurgical LT‐VEEG monitoring led to an average yield of 85%. Adverse events occurred with an averaged total event rate of 17%, but the type of included events was variable among studies. Factors reported to independently contribute to successful LT‐VEEG were: baseline seizure frequency, a shorter interval from the most recent seizure, extratemporal lobe epilepsy, and no requirement for ASM reduction. Factors independently contributing to the occurrence of adverse events were: ASM tapering, a history of status epilepticus, a history of focal to bilateral tonic‐clonic seizures, psychiatric comorbidity, and ASM taper rate.

Significance. This study reveals that the data on factors contributing to yield and risk of adverse events is significant and variable, and often reported with inadequate statistics. Future research is warranted to develop guidelines for ASM withdrawal during presurgical video‐EEG monitoring, taking predefined factors for success and risks of adverse events into account.
SPARC - Analysis of multiplexed bead data using MPLEX software v1
Authors: Paul Robinson J
Published: August 2022

This protocol describes the process of achieving analysis of multiplexed bead data that was collected by flow cytometry and analyzed using the MPLEX software.
Characterization of the Archaeome, Bacteriome and Eukaryome in Nasopharyngeal Swabs v1
Authors: Baehren Carolin
Published: August 2022

This protocol describes the Characterization of the Archaeome, Bacteriome and Eukaryome in Nasopharyngeal Swabs by sequencing with nanopore technology. For a long time, archaea were under-represented in the literature, and less is known about their pathogenicity in human diseases. Using conventional methods, the cultivability particularly of archaea is challenging and they are still classified as the ‘dark matter’ of the microbiome. The evolution of advanced sequencing techniques in the twenty-first century, a strong focus on archaea research is interestingly observed. However, the influence on disease course or even pathogenesis in terms of respiratory disorders remain unexplored. Thus, more attention has to be paid on the characterization of the archaeome with the goal of translation into clinical contexts. Considering this important issues lacking good methodological reports in the literature, we evaluated previously developed primer sets and sequencing platforms. With these useful hints, we share potential alternative procedures with the aim how to increase the quality of research on archaeome and eukaryotes. The use of nasopharyngeal swab specimens derived from a cohort suffering from respiratory diseases enable to study translational aspects on disease course and eventually pathogenesis. The optimization of ‘pre-sequencing’ steps, starting from the DNA isolation, amplification, right choice of sequencing platforms e.g., MinION Oxford Nanopore rule some important traces to a high-qualitative in-depth sequencing success. However, those descriptive data significantly contribute to optimize existing archaic models with the aim to exploit translational approaches ex vivo.