bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religiosität/Spiritualität und psychische Gesundheit: Zentrale Ergebnisse einer Metaanalyse über Studien aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Zwingmann Christian , Hodapp Bastian
Published: September 2017

Zahlreiche Studien aus dem US-amerikanischen Bereich weisen insgesamt auf einen leicht positiven Zusammenhang zwischen Religiosität/Spiritualität (R/S) und psychischer Gesundheit hin. Wegen des stark differenten religiös-kulturellen Hintergrunds können diese Befunde aber nicht ohne Weiteres auf den deutschsprachigen Bereich übertragen werden. Die hier vorgestellte Metaanalyse nimmt erstmals eine quantitative Integration der bisher aus Deutschland, Österreich und der deutschsprachigen Schweiz vorliegenden einschlägigen empirischen Studien vor. Es wurden 67 unabhängige Primärstudien in die Metaanalyse aufgenommen (N = 119 575). Über alle diese Studien hinweg beträgt die gewichtete Durchschnittskorrelation zwischen R/S und psychischer Gesundheit .03 (95 %-Konfidenzintervall: [.01; .05]), was bedeutet, dass im deutschsprachigen Bereich stärkere R/S zwar signifikant, aber nur sehr schwach mit besserer psychischer Gesundheit verbunden ist. Dieses Ergebnis wird durch verschiedene Studien- und soziodemografische Merkmale nicht oder nur relativ geringfügig moderiert. Recht hohe Unterschiede ergeben sich allerdings, wenn verschiedene Arten von R/S-Maßen miteinander verglichen werden. Dabei zeigt sich, dass ein „negativer Umgang mit Religion oder Gott“ eine deutlich negative Korrelation von -.20 mit psychischer Gesundheit aufweist, während bei anderen R/S-Maßen ganz überwiegend leicht positive Zusammenhänge zu finden sind. Im Vergleich zu amerikanischen Metaanalysen ist der für den deutschsprachigen Bereich festgestellte Gesamteffekt niedriger, und die Zusammenhänge zwischen negativen R/S-Formen und psychischer Beeinträchtigung sind besonders stark ausgeprägt. In der Diskussion werden weitere Vergleiche mit bisherigen Forschungsbefunden vorgenommen und erste inhaltliche Erklärungen versucht.
Corrosion Behavior of Titanium Oxynitrided by Diffusion and Magnetron Sputtering Methods in Physiological Solution
Authors: Pohrelyuk I. M. , Yaskiv O. I. , Tkachuk O. V. , Barradas N. P. , Alves E. , Vaz F. , Cunha L.
Published: September 2017

This work presents the study of the corrosion-electrochemical behavior of titanium alloy Grade 2 treated with combined coatings—presaturation with nitrogen diffusion layer by thermal-chemical treatment, oxygen diffusion layer by thermal-chemical treatment, and a titanium oxynitride (TiNxOy) coating deposited by magnetron sputtering—in physiological solution. Structural analysis has shown that TiNxOy can be represented as a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure in which nitrogen atoms are replaced by oxygen atoms, or oxygen atoms are replaced by nitrogen atoms. Presaturation of titanium Grade 2 with oxygen and nitrogen leads to the formation of TiNxOy with near equiatomic composition at subsequent oxynitriding by magnetron sputtering. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) measurements show the homogeneity of the coating composition. The surface of titanium Grade 2 with a nitrogen diffusion layer presents the highest lightness factor and reflectivity in the range of the visible spectrum. Diffusion presaturation of titanium Grade 2 with either oxygen or nitrogen provides better adhesion of TiNxOy film to substrate. The presence of an oxygen diffusion layer leads to a stronger bond. It was found that a TiNxOy coating increases the corrosion resistance (isotonic solution of 0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl)) 1.2 times as compared to a nontreated alloy. When the titanium alloy was presaturated with oxygen or nitrogen, the combination of the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) oxynitride coating and the diffusion layer, 50µm thick, assists in additional enhancement of corrosion properties 1.5 to 3 times.
Wear Resistance of the Multilayer TiN/Ti(B,N) Coating Deposited on Cold Work Tool Steels
Authors: Landek Darko , Cajner Franjo , Kovačić Saša
Published: September 2017

This paper investigates the abrasion and erosion wear resistance of the multilayer coating within the system Ti-B-N applied to samples made of two hardened and tempered tool steels: Böhler grades K390 MC and X155CrVMo12-1. The multilayer coating consists from the thin interlayer TiN deposited directly on steel substrate and the Ti(B,N) coating, with continuous variation of stoichiometric ratio of boron and nitrogen through the thickness of the coating. Near the TiN interlayer Ti(B,N) coating has only a small content of boron while at the surface the layer TiB2 has been obtained. The multilayer TiN/Ti(B,N) coating was produced by the direct current plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (dc PACVD) in an industrial furnace with a hot wall. Tests of abrasive wear resistance were performed using an abrasive wear testing machine constructed according to ASTM G65-15, Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus. The weight loss of samples was measured after a total wear path of 358 m. The test of erosion resistance was carried out by exposing the samples to impact erosion of fine sand particles and by determining the weight loss after 60 min of wear. Worn surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show a significant improvement in the abrasion and the erosion wear resistance of the TiN/Ti(B,N) coating applied to both tool steel samples with compared with the noncoated samples.
Increased GSNOR Expression during Aging Impairs Cognitive Function and Decreases S-Nitrosation of CaMKIIα
Authors: Zhang Yuying , Wu Kaiyuan , Su Wenting , Zhang Deng-Feng , Wang Ping , Qiao Xinhua , Yao Qin , Yuan Zengqiang , Yao Yong-Gang , Liu Guanghui , Zhang Chen , Liu Limin , Chen Chang
Published: September 2017

As the population ages, an increasing number of people suffer from age-related cognitive impairment. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we found that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), the key enzyme that metabolizes intracellular nitric oxide (NO) and regulates S-nitrosation, was significantly increased in the hippocampus of both aging humans and mice. Transgenic mice overexpressing GSNOR exclusively in neurons showed cognitive impairment in behavioral tests, including the Morris water maze, fear conditioning, and the Y-maze test. We also found thatGSNORtransgenic mice have LTP defects and lower dendrite spine density, whereasGSNORknock-out mice rescued the age-related cognitive impairment. Analysis of S-nitrosation showed significantly decreased hippocampal CaMKIIα S-nitrosation in naturally aged mice andGSNORtransgenic mice. Consistent with the change in CaMKIIα S-nitrosation, the accumulation of CaMKIIα in the hippocampal synaptosomal fraction, as well as its downstream signaling targets p(S831)-GLUR1, was also significantly decreased. All these effects could be rescued in theGSNORknock-out mice. We further verified that the S-nitrosation of CaMKIIα was responsible for the CaMKIIα synaptosomal accumulation by mutating CaMKIIα S-nitrosated sites (C280/C289). Upregulation of the NO signaling pathway rescued the cognitive impairment inGSNORtransgenic mice. In summary, our research demonstrates that GSNOR impairs cognitive function in aging and it could serve as a new potential target for the treatment of age-related cognitive impairment. In contrast to the free radical theory of aging, NO signaling deficiency may be the main mediator of age-related cognitive impairment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study indicated that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a key protein S-nitrosation metabolic enzyme, is a new potential target in age-related cognitive impairment; and in contrast to the free radical theory of aging, NO signaling deficiency may be the main cause of this process. In addition, increased GSNOR expression during aging decreases S-nitrosation of CaMKIIα and reduces CaMKIIα synaptosomal accumulation. To our knowledge, it is for the first time to show the cellular function regulation of CaMKIIα by GSNOR-dependent S-nitrosation as a new post-translational modification after its phosphorylation was explored. These findings elucidate a novel mechanism of age-related cognitive impairment and may provide a new potential target and strategy for slowing down this process.
Suppression of Striatal Prediction Errors by the Prefrontal Cortex in Placebo Hypoalgesia
Authors: Schenk Lieven A. , Sprenger Christian , Onat Selim , Colloca Luana , Büchel Christian
Published: September 2017

Classical learning theories predict extinction after the discontinuation of reinforcement through prediction errors. However, placebo hypoalgesia, although mediated by associative learning, has been shown to be resistant to extinction. We tested the hypothesis that this is mediated by the suppression of prediction error processing through the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We compared pain modulation through treatment cues (placebo hypoalgesia, treatment context) with pain modulation through stimulus intensity cues (stimulus context) during functional magnetic resonance imaging in 48 male and female healthy volunteers. During acquisition, our data show that expectations are correctly learned and that this is associated with prediction error signals in the ventral striatum (VS) in both contexts. However, in the nonreinforced test phase, pain modulation and expectations of pain relief persisted to a larger degree in the treatment context, indicating that the expectations were not correctly updated in the treatment context. Consistently, we observed significantly stronger neural prediction error signals in the VS in the stimulus context compared with the treatment context. A connectivity analysis revealed negative coupling between the anterior PFC and the VS in the treatment context, suggesting that the PFC can suppress the expression of prediction errors in the VS. Consistent with this, a participant's conceptual views and beliefs about treatments influenced the pain modulation only in the treatment context. Our results indicate that in placebo hypoalgesia contextual treatment information engages prefrontal conceptual processes, which can suppress prediction error processing in the VS and lead to reduced updating of treatment expectancies, resulting in less extinction of placebo hypoalgesia.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn aversive and appetitive reinforcement learning, learned effects show extinction when reinforcement is discontinued. This is thought to be mediated by prediction errors (i.e., the difference between expectations and outcome). Although reinforcement learning has been central in explaining placebo hypoalgesia, placebo hypoalgesic effects show little extinction and persist after the discontinuation of reinforcement. Our results support the idea that conceptual treatment beliefs bias the neural processing of expectations in a treatment context compared with a more stimulus-driven processing of expectations with stimulus intensity cues. We provide evidence that this is associated with the suppression of prediction error processing in the ventral striatum by the prefrontal cortex. This provides a neural basis for persisting effects in reinforcement learning and placebo hypoalgesia.
Teaching Race (Bioculturally) Matters: A Visual Approach for College Biology Courses
Authors: Hubbard Amelia R.
Published: September 2017

Race and racism are considered standard subject matter in introductory college courses in the social sciences, but remain relatively absent in biological science courses (Donovan, 2015; Morning, 2011). Given a resurgence of biologically deterministic racial science (e.g., Risch et al., 2002; Shiao et al., 2012) and ongoing racial tensions in the United States, it is imperative that biology professors actively engage students in introductory and upper-level courses. This paper presents a tested approach used in an introductory natural science course (for undergraduate, non-science majors) at a mid-sized regional university. A biocultural focus is advocated for teaching about the fallacies (i.e., biological race concept) and realities of race (i.e., racism) (e.g., see Gravlee, 2009; Thompson, 2006). Further, an emphasis is placed on using a visual approach for relaying these complex and sensitive topics.
Post-Harvest Physiology of Cut Flowers: A Problem-Based, Cooperative Learning Activity for the Biology Classroom
Authors: de Beer Josef , Petersen Neal
Published: September 2017

This article describes a problem-based, cooperative learning activity, where students investigate the role of ethylene in flower senescence. The cooperative learning activity is contextualized in an authentic problem experienced in the cut flower industry: how can the shelf life of cut flowers be prolonged? We describe the procedure for conducting the experiment and show the affectiveness of contextualized science that includes indigenous knowledge—an approach that Gibbons calls “mode 2 knowledge production.” In addition we also give suggestions on how this type of problem-based, cooperative teaching-learning activity can be used in a school biology classroom.
Gyvūno klausimas šiuolaikinėje filosofijoje: skirtumo tarp žmogaus ir gyvūno atsisakymo link
Authors: Baranovas Ruslanas
Published: September 2017

Straipsnyje gyvūno problema šiuolaikinėje filosofijoje svarstoma tiriant skirtumo, kaip skirtumo tarp žmogaus ir gyvūno, filosofemos produktyvumą. Straipsnyje iškeliami trys gyvūno aptarimo produkty­vumo kriterijai: 1) gebėjimas kažką pozityviai pasakyti apie gyvūną, 2) neantropologizuojantis gyvū­no aptarimas ir 3) etinės gyvūno apmąstymo pasekmės. Teigiu, kad skirtumas tarp žmogaus ir gyvūno nėra produktyviausia gyvūno klausimo svarstymo strategija. Straipsnyje aptariamos ir kritikuojamos Martino Heideggerio ir Jacques’o Derrida prieigos prie gyvūno klausimo ir joms, kaip produktyvesnė, priešpriešinama Catherine’os Malabou prieiga. Straipsnio pabaigoje parodoma, kaip Malabou pozi­ciją grindžianti jos pateikta Georgo Wilhelmo Friedricho Hegelio interpretacija atveria paties Hegelio filosofijos epigenetinę pusę.
Simone’os Weil pašaukimo samprata
Authors: Jakimčikaitė Inga
Published: September 2017

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama XX a. prancūzų filosofės ir mistikės Simone’os Weil pašaukimo samprata. Siekiama parodyti, kaip Weil gyvenimo pasirinkimai atsispindėjo jos filosofijoje ir nuvedė ją prie intelektualinio pašaukimo, atsiskleidžiančio santykyje su kitu. Weil prielankumas visoms pasaulio religijoms, ypač krikščionybei, ir jos intelektualinis pašaukimas, reikalaujantis nuolat kelti klausimus, vertė kęsti tiek išorinį, tiek vidinį spaudimą.Visgi išsilaisvinimą Weil suranda būtent filosofiniuose apmąstymuose bei mistinėse patirtyse, kurios leido jai suvokti savo pašaukimą kaip skirtą Dievo, o ne pasirinktą pačios. Vien grynu sutelktu dėmesiu Weil sugeba išsivaduoti iš savo psichologinių bei fizinių skausmų ir mylėti artimą čia ir dabar. Tokia meilė yra tarnaujanti ir nereikalaujanti nieko iš kito, vien tik iš savęs. Šios meilės kaina yra visiškas savęs paneigimas, iškūrimas arba kitaip tariant – dekreacija. Pašaukimo problematika atsiskleidžia santykyje su savimi ir buvimu kitam.
El concepto de “inmanencia práctica” en Deleuze
Authors: Antonelli Marangi Marcelo Sebastian
Published: September 2017

El artículo presenta la “inmanencia práctica” como clave de la ética que G. Deleuze elabora a partir de B. Spinoza y F. Nietzsche. La noción involucra tres tesis que manifiestan la reivindicación incondicional de la inmanencia y la crítica a toda trascendencia: valorización del cuerpo en detrimento de la conciencia; apelación a lo bueno y lo malo, en lugar del bien y el mal; y apología de la alegría e inocencia del devenir. Se sostiene que esta ética naturalista y pluralista se apoya en criterios de valoración ligados a la vida como punto fundamental de apreciación, y se propone la creación de nuevas maneras de ser como medio de enfrentar al sistema del juicio moral sobre el que descansa el nihilismo.
La dialéctica de Hegel en "Cuestiones de Método" de Jean Paul Sartre
Authors: Céspedes Rubén
Published: September 2017

A partir del examen de la noción de dialéctica ofrecida por Jean-Paul Sartre en “Cuestiones de método”, se identifican tres características propias de dicha noción presentes en la dialéctica de Hegel: el papel de la reflexión, la negatividad y la relación entre la dialéctica y la subjetividad.
HUBUNGAN IKAN PELAGIS DENGAN KONSENTRASI KLOROFIL-A DI LAUT JAWA
Authors: Kasim Kamaluddin , Triharyuni Setiya , Wujdi Arief
Published: September 2017

Klorofil-a banyak ditemukan pada fitoplankton dan menjadi indikator kesuburan perairan. Keberadaan fitoplankton ditandai dengan kandungan klorofil-a yang tinggi dan diikuti oleh keberadaan zooplankton yang akhirnya mempengaruhi keberadaan organisme perairan lainnya seperti ikan pelagis kecil maupun ikan pelagis besar sebagai suatu rantai makanan. Interaksi antara konsentrasi klorofil-a terhadap keberadaan dan konsentrasi ikan pelagis di Laut Jawa belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui hubungan interaksi antara klorofil-a terhadap konsentrasi ikan pelagis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data runtun waktu hasil tangkapan beberapa jenis pelagis besar dan kecil yang didaratkan di PPI Pekalongan tahun 2007-2011 serta data runtun waktu konsentrasi klorofil-a dari perairan utara Jawa yang diperoleh dari informasi sekunder.Metode analisis korelasi linear sederhana (bivariate correlation) digunakan untukmengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh antar variabel klorofil-a dan konsentrasi ikan pelagis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan layang (Decapterus russelli) paling nyata mendapat pengaruh dari konsentrasi klorofil-a (P<0,05) dan berkorelasi positif terhadap konsentrasi klorofil-a dengan nilai koefisien korelasi ( r ) sebesar 0,56, sedangkan ikan pelagis lainnya berkorelasi negatif. Ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) posisinya menempati rantai makanan paling tinggi sebagai pemangsa, mempunyai korelasi positif (r = 0,5) terhadap Rastrelliger kanagurta dan r = 0,56 terhadap Amblygaster sirm.Chlorophyll-a is a light-absorbing pigment that can be found in photosynthetic organisms such as algae and phytoplankton. The evidence of phytoplankton that indicated by high contents of chlorophyll-a may followed the evidence of zooplankton and other micro aquatic organism as a food chain component. An overview of interrelationships between chlorophyll-a and pelagic fishes in the waters around Java Sea have not much investigated. The research was attempted to study the interaction between chlorophyll-a abundance and the abundance of small and large pelagic as well as relationship among small and large pelagic as prey-predators component. Research conducted by collecting time series catch data of small and large pelagic species landed at PPI Pekalongan during the period of 2006-2012, as well as the data of chlorophyll-a abundance through previous research studies. The results showed that layang (Decapterus russelli) was the most significant species that positively correlated to abundance of chlorophyll-a (P < 0.05) with value of r = 0.6. while others pelagic species have negative correlation. As a predator species, tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) was positively correlated ( r = 0.5) to the abundance of banyar (Rastrelliger kanagurta) as well as juwi (Amblygaster sirm) with r value 0.56.
KOMPOSISI MAKANAN IKAN SEPAT SIAM (Trichopodus pectoralis Regan, 1910) DI DANAU TALIWANG, SUMBAWA
Authors: Tampubolon Prawira ARP , Rahardjo M.F.
Published: September 2017

Ikan sepat siam (Trichopodus pectoralis, Regan 1910) merupakan salah satu target penangkapan ikan di Danau Taliwang, Sumbawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmendeskripsikan komposisi makanan ikan sepat siam di Danau Taliwang. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan pada bulanMei–Juli 2010 menggunakan jaring insang. Analisis komponen makanan menggunakan indeks bagian terbesar. Total ikan contoh yang tertangkap selama penelitian sebanyak 110 ekor yang terdiri atas 59 ekor ikan jantan dan 51 ekor ikan betina. Panjang total ikan yang tertangkap berkisar antara 125–196 mm dan bobot antara 26,7–141,7 gram. Makanan ikan sepat terdiri atas mikroalga, Rotifera, Ostracoda dan serangga dengan makanan utama adalah mikroalga dari Kelas Bacillariophyceae (generaMelosira,Navicula, dan Diatoma).Komposisimakanan berdasarkan bulan pengamatan dan ukuran tubuh relatif sama.Snakeskin gouramy (Trichopodus pectoralis, Regan 1910) is a one of many target species of fish caught in Taliwang Lake, Sumbawa. The objective of this study is to describe the diet composition of snakeskin gouramy found in Taliwang Lake. The fish samples were caught using gillnet during May–July 2010. The diet composition was analyzed by using the index of preponderance. The total number of fish caught during the research was 110 fishes, comprising 59 males and 51 females. The range of total length and total weight of the samples were 125–196 mm and 26.7–141.7 grams, respectively. Snakeskin gouramy in Taliwang Lake mainly feed on Microalgae, Rotifer, Ostracod, and insect. Their main diet, however, is Microalgae from the class of Bacillariophyceae (genera of Melosira, Navicula, and Diatoma). The diet composition of the fish which was determined from the sampling time and body size is relatively the same.
BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI DAN KEBIASAAN MAKAN IKAN LAYUR (Trichiurus lepturus, Linnaeus) DI SEKITAR PERAIRAN BINUANGEUN, BANTEN
Authors: Prihatiningsih Prihatiningsih , Nurulludin Nurulludin
Published: September 2017

Ikan layur tergolong ikan demersal dan permintaannya terus meningkat baik lokal maupun ekspor, menyebabkan produksi ikan layur jugameningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui biologi reproduksi dan kebiasaan makanan ikan layur di perairan Binuangeun-Banten. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan pada Januari – Desember 2013 dari hasil tangkapan nelayan dengan menggunakan alat tangkap jaring rampus, pancing rawai dan pancing ulur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan ikan layur bersifat allometrik positif, rata-rata ukuran pertama kali tertangkap lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad sehingga masih dapatmelakukan proses rekruitmen. Pemijahan ikan layur diduga terjadi beberapa kali dalamsetahun. Nilai IKGbetina maupun jantan mengalami peningkatan dari TKG I sampai dengan TKG V yang akan menurun lagi pada TKG spent. Pola pemijahan ikan layur adalah partial spawner dan memiliki potensi reproduksi yang cukup besar dengan fekunditas berkisar 12.928–294.700 butir telur. Kebiasaanmakan ikan layur tergolong karnivora.The ribbonfish classified as demersal fish and the ever increasing demand for both local and export, causing ribbonfish production increase from year to year. This study aims to determine the reproductive biology and food habits of ribbonfish in the Binuangeun waters - Banten. Sample collected in January December 2013, with bottom gillnet, longline and handline . The results showed a pattern of growth the ribbonfish is allometric positive, The average length at first capture was higher than the average length at first maturity so that they can carry out the recruitment process. Ribbonfish spawning is thought to occur several times a year. Value IKG females and males has increased from TKG I to V which will decrease again at TKGspent. Ribbonfish spawning patterns are partial spawner and have the reproductive potential is quite large with fecundity ranging 12.928-29.4700 eggs. Feeding habits of ribbonfish is carnivor.
KEDALAMAN RENANG DAN WAKTU MAKAN IKAN ALBAKORA (Thunnus alalunga) DI SAMUDERA HINDIA SEBELAH SELATAN JAWA
Authors: Bahtiar Andi , Barata Abram , Nugraha Budi
Published: September 2017

Albakora adalah salah satu spesies tuna yang berupa hasil tangkapan beku bernilai ekonomis tinggi bagi kapal-kapal rawai tuna. Penangkapan albakora di Samudera Hindia semakin kompetitif, sehingga setiap nahkoda dan nelayan kapal rawai tuna perlu memiliki pengetahuanmengenai tingkah laku ikan seperti kedalaman renang dan waktu makan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi langsung di atas kapal rawai tuna yang berbasis di Benoa dan Palabuhanratu sebanyak 3 trip mulaiMaret sampai Nopember 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kedalaman renang dan waktu makan albakora di Samudera Hindia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedalaman renang albakora berdasarkan pengamatan data minilogger berada pada kisaran 57,04 - 325,46 m. Albakora lebih banyak tertangkap pada lapisan renang permukaan hingga pertengahan. Intensitas kebiasaan albakora mencarimakanan dilakukan antara pukul 07:45 - 17:59, dengan frekuensi tertinggi aktifmakan yaitu pada selang pukul 10:00 - 11:00. Untukmendapatkan hasil tangkapan albakora yang berlimpah, maka nelayan rawai tuna perlumenggunakanmetode penangkapan dengan perpaduan tipe rawai tuna permukaan dan pertengahan. Pengaturan waktu setting yang dimulai pagi hari dan waktu hauling mulai sore hari adalah waktu yang ideal dalampenangkapan albakora di Samudera Hindia.Albacore is one of the tuna species and mostly landed as frozen catch on tuna longliner. Albacore fishing in Indian Ocean more competitive, so Fishermans or Fishing Masters of tuna longliner must have knowledge of tuna behavior such as swimming layer and feeding periodicity. Research was conducted with observation on board on tuna longliner based Benoa and Palabuhanratu, totally 3 trips during March until November 2013. The aim of research are to know of swimming layer and feeding periodicity of albacore in Indian Ocean. Theresults showed that the swimming layer of albacore based minilogger data are distributed at 57.04 to 325.46 m The results showed that the swimming layer of albacore at 57.04 to 325.46 m. Albacore mostly catched in surface layer to middle in Indian Ocean. The feeding periodicity of albacore’s are start from 7:45pm to 17:59pm, mostly active at 10pmto 11pm. For the maximum catch of albacore’s, every fisherman of tuna longline must have a good fishing tactics. The combination of surface and middle tuna longline types are the best fishing tactics to be applied. The setting of tuna longline begin morning and hauling begin afternoon are the best time for fishing of albacore in the Indian Ocean.
BEBERAPA ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN NILEM (Osteochillus vittatus) DI DANAU TALAGA, SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Putri Masayu Rahmia Anwar , Sugianti Yayuk , Krismono Krismono
Published: September 2017

Ikan nilem (Osteochillus vittatus) merupakan ikan introduksi diDanau Talaga,Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Studi tentang biologi populasi suatu spesiesakanmembantu dalammemahami pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui beberapa aspek biologi ikan nilem(Osteochillus vittatus)sebagai informasi dasar dalam langkah pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan di Danau Talaga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret, Mei, Juli dan Oktober Tahun 2013. Sampel ikan nilem diperoleh dengan melakukan percobaan penangkapan menggunakan 2 set jaring insang (ukuran mata jaring 1, 1½, 2, 3 dan 4 inci). Ikan yang didapat, diukur panjang total (cm) dan beratnya (g). Pengamatan isi perut dan gonad dilakukan di laboratorium Biologi Ikan, Balai Penelitian Pemulihan dan Konservasi Sumberdaya Ikan.Ikan nilem merupakan ikan yang dominan tertangkap di Danau Talaga dengan kisaran ukuran panjang antara 11-22,7 cmdan ukuran berat antara 15,79 – 171,43 g, dimana ikan dengan kelompok panjang antara 14-15 cmmendominasi tangkapan. Pola pertumbuhan ikan nilembersifat alometrik negatif. Ikan nilemdikategorikan sebagai ikan herbivor dengan makanan utamanya adalah tumbuhan. Ikan nilem yang dominan tertangkap berada pada tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) IV, dimana ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) baik jantan atau betina lebih kecil dibandingkan Lm ikan nilem pada beberapa referensi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa ikan nilem di Danau Talaga matang gonad pada ukuran yang lebih kecil. Tipe pemijahan ikan nilemdi Danau Talagaadalah total spawner dan dapat memijah sepanjang tahun.Bonylip barb (Osteochillus vittatus) was one of introduction fish species in Sulawesi waters, including Lake Talaga, Donggala,Central Sulawesi. Study on biology populationof species will assist in understanding of its management. The aim of this research is to know some biological aspects of bonylip barb as basic information in fish resource management of Lake Talaga. The researchwas conducted on March, May, July and October 2013. The fish samples werecaptured by 2 sets experimental gillnet(mesh size 1, 1½, 2, 3 and 4 inch). These samples then measured its length and weight. The stomach content and gonad was observed at biological laboratory of Research institute for Fisheries Enhancement and Conservation. Bonylip barb is a dominant fish at Lake Talaga with the length range between 11-22.7 cm and weight range between 15.79 – 171.43 g. The fishes with the length group 14-15 cm were dominatedin fish catch. Bonylip barbwas an herbivore fish with plants as the main food. Thefish with stage IV of gonadsmaturitywere dominated, with the first length of maturity (Lm) in Lake Talagawas smaller than other references, either male or female fish.It was indicatedthat in Lake Talaga, bonylip barb fishwas matured in smaller size. Thebonylip barb is a total spawner and the spawning period of it may occurred throughout the year.
POLA DAN MUSIM PEMIJAHAN IKAN TONGKOL KOMO (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1850) DI LAUT JAWA
Authors: Hidayat Thomas , Febrianti Endah , Restiangsih Yoke Hani
Published: September 2017

Ikan tongkol komo (Euthynnus affinis, Cantor 1850) merupakan salah satu jenis kelompok ikan pelagis besar yang banyak didaratkan oleh armada jarring insang dan pukat cincin di Tegal. Tersedianya data dan informasi tentang pola dan musim pemijahan merupakan bagian dari pengetahuan yang diperlukan untuk mengetahui status sumberdaya bagi upaya pengelolaanya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mendapatkan pola dan musim pemijahan ikan tongkol komo di Laut Jawa khususnya di pantai Tegal dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Desember 2012 di tempat pendaratan ikan kota Tegal, Jawa Tengah. Pendugaan pola pemijahan berdasarkan pengamatan sebaran frekuensi diameter telur sedangkan pendugaan musim pemijahan menggunakan pendekatan Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG) atau Gonado somatic index (GSI) bulanan. Analisis data oseanografi khususnya suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan konsentrasi klorofil-a berdasarkan citra satelit Aqua Modis digunakan sebagai data dukung musim pemijahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pemijahan tongkol komo di Laut Jawa memiliki strategi reproduksi beberapa kali memijah (partial spawner). Fekunditas berkisar antara 225.760-2.601500 telur. Musim pemijahan terjadi pada Juni-Agustus dimana konsentrasi klorofil-a tinggi.Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis, Cantor 1850) is one of large pelagic species group caught by drift gill nets and purse seine fisheries in the Java Sea. The information of spawning characteristics is crucial for fisheries management. This research aims to determine the spawning strategy of kawakawa in the Java Sea mainly in Tegal and adjacent waters. Observation has been conducted during February-December 2012 in Tegal, Central Java. The estimation the spawning season determined by using Gonad somatic index (GSI) and investigated with profiling oceanographic data on sea surface temperature (SST) and concentration of chlorophyll-a derived from Aqua Modis satellite imagery. The results showed the reproductive strategy of kawakawa in the Java Sea is partial spawner. Fecundity ranged between 225,760-2,601,500 eggs and the spawning season occurs in June-August where concentrations of chlorophyll-a high.
Poverty’s Agent: The Framing of Poverty and Responsibility in Colombian Newspapers
Authors: Cardona Margrete Dyvik
Published: September 2017

This article examines, by way of linguistic analyses, to whom or what Colombian newspapers assign notions of responsibility, cause or blame when they address the topic of poverty. It is our assumption that specific attitudes may reveal themselves in linguistic patterns (among other things). Here, we examine the verbs that appear with the word pobreza (poverty) as syntactic and semantic argument. Specifically, we examine the agent, or highest argument of the different verbs in detail, since the agent is the initiator of the verbal action and thus has the potential of accepting responsibility or blame for the action described.
“We are ourselves fremdsprachig”: Foreign Literature Studies in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Koppen Randi
Published: September 2017

This article discusses the question of the relevance of foreign language literary studies in light of current European research policies – specifically some of the "challenges" formulated in the Horizon 2020 Work Programme for 2016-17. Through a reading of Leonard Woolf's 1913 novel The Village in the Jungle, the author argues that the fundamental stance that defines foreign language literary studies – that of the foreigner – comes with a heuristic, cognitive and ethical potential that also translates into other disciplines and areas of enquiry.
Experimental study on the bond and durability properties of mortar incorporating polyacrylic ester and silica fume
Authors: Jiang Chaohua , Huang Shanshan , Gao Peng , Chen Da
Published: September 2017

The bond and durability properties, including the drying shrinkage, abrasion resistance, water permeability, freeze–thaw and carbonation resistance of mortar containing polyacrylic ester (PAE) and silica fume (SF) were analysed and compared in this study. Results showed that mortars containing PAE and SF had higher bond strength, lower drying shrinkage, superior abrasion resistance, water impermeability, freeze–thaw and carbonation resistance compared with the control mortar (M0), which contains no PAE or SF. With the addition of 30% PAE and 10% SF by weight of cement, an abrasion resistance strength of specimens up to 36·98 h/(kg/m2) was achieved, which was 53·19% more than M0. The water penetration depth of specimens with the same contents of PAE and SF decreased to 9·56 mm, whereas the value for M0 was 26·85 mm. Therefore, mortars incorporating PAE and SF can be utilised as repair materials, especially in repairing hydraulic concrete structures, as they have excellent bond strength and durability properties.
Pozzolanic activity assessment of calcined clays with complex minerals content
Authors: Bratoev Branimir , Doykov Ivan , Ninov Jordan , Lenchev Alexander
Published: September 2017

The present work deals with the possibilities for using calcined clays of different compositions and mineral content as pozzolanic admixtures to cement mortars. The optimal burning conditions for each type of selected clay are determined according to the losses on ignition. The contribution of the main clay minerals to formation of the total pozzolanic activity by the burning process is evaluated by way of various physical, chemical (Frattini, Chapelle and the method of active admixtures) and mechanical (strength activity index) methods. The pozzolanic properties of the calcined clays are determined by 30% cement replacement. A calculation procedure for the prediction of the pozzolanic activity of burned clays, depending on their raw mineral content, is proposed.
Structural appraisal of existing masonry quadripartite vaults
Authors: Hicks Michelle , Sagaseta Juan
Published: September 2017

Quadripartite vaults are found in many historic buildings and are often below ground level. When new infrastructure is developed above these structures it is necessary to assess the strength of the existing vaults. A new formula for assessing the failure load of quadripartite masonry vaults under uniform loads is presented. The approach is based on the upper-bound solution from limit analysis of the elliptical arch defined at the intersection between the cylindrical surfaces. The predictions from the analytical solution are consistent with numerical results from a symmetrical three-dimensional finite-element (FE) analysis developed using a damage–plasticity model with homogeneous material properties for the masonry. A case study on the quadripartite vaults in the undercroft of London Bridge station is also presented. This case study is used to examine the effect of the presence of ribs and horizontal movement restraint introduced by surrounding structures. The presence of ribs was found to have the largest effect on the strength of the vault. The non-linear FE analysis showed that modifying the boundary conditions to restrain the edges of the vault from horizontal movement increased the failure load by approximately 30% for a vault without ribs. When ribs were included, the introduction of horizontal restraint had a much larger impact; in such cases a more refined model that explicitly includes the surrounding structure may be needed.
Multilayer dielectric stack Notch filter for 450-700 nm wavelength spectrum
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Butt Muhammad A. , Fomchenkov Sergey A. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia, Khonina Svetlana N. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

In this work, a multilayer dielectric optical notch filters design is proposed based on TiO2 and SiO2 alternating layers. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is selected for its high refractive index value (2.5) and Silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a low refractive index layer (1.45). These filters are conventionally envisioned for overpowering of powerful laser beams in research experiments, to obtain good signal-to-noise ratios in Raman laser spectroscopy. It is precarious that light from the pump laser should be blocked. This is attained by inserting a notch filter in the detection channel of the setup. In addition to spectroscopy, notch filters are also useful in laser-based florescence instrumentation and biomedical laser systems. The designed filter shows a high quality with an average transmission of more than 90% in 450-535 and 587-700 nm bandwidths. And a stop band region between 536-586 nm shows a transmission of 3% only with an optical density of greater than 3, which makes it a promising element to be used as a notch filter
Efficient generation of a perfect optical vortex by using a phase optical element
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia, Kotlyar Victor V. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Kovalev Alexey A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Porfirev Alexey P. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

We consider generation of a perfect optical vortex by three elements: (i) amplitude-phase element with its transmission being proportional to the Bessel function, (ii) optimal element with the transmission proportional to the sign of the Bessel function, and (3) helical axicon. Maximal intensity of light on the ring is shown to be achieved by using the optimal element. Thickness of the light ring generated by the axicon is approximately two times higher than that for other elements. For perfect optical vortices with the radius of several wavelengths we detect the range of topological charges, within which the ring radius is almost independent on them.
Prognostic modeling of the curvilinear graphene selective hydrogenation process for the formation of optical scheme components for nanophotonics
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34, Moskovskoe shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Ridha Hussein Safaa Mohammed ,   University of Karbala, 56001, Karbala, Iraq, Kharitonov Sergey I. ,   Samara National Research University, 34, Moskovskoe shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardejskaya Street, 443001, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

The article deals with modeling of curvilinear graphene hydrogenation process. During the hydrogen atoms addition, the maximum stresses shift from the region of the edge atoms to the central region of the structure. The ionization potential of curvilinear graphene begins to increase even with an insignificant hydrogen atom concentration on its surface. To vary the energy gap value of the curvilinear graphene spectrum, a high concentration of hydrogen atoms is necessary.
Methods for creation of diffractive intraocular lenses
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Gornostay Alina V.
Published: September 2017

Hybrid intraocular lenses (IOLs) are diffractive-refractive lenses with pseudoaccomodation. They can imitate the optical system of health eye more precisely, than other types. These lenses have 2-3 or more stable focuses. I proposed a comparison of hybrid IOLs: their shape, their processing, their aberrations and diffractive efficiency. I showed a review of new methods for correction of chromatism and I proposed a method of using volume holograms. I discussed features of possible materials.
Wavefront aberration analysis with a multi-order diffractive optical element
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Khorin Pavel A. , Degtyarev Sergey A. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia,   Image Processing Systems Institute – Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st., 443001, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

In this paper we show an ability to use a multi-order (multi-channel) diffractive optical element for wavefront relief function expansion in terms of Zernike polynomials. This approach can be successfully used for small meanings of wavefront aberrations when the wavefront relief can be represented as a linear superposition of Zernike polynomials. Unfortunately, linear approximation is becoming unworkable withincreasing of aberration meanings. In this work we study an applicability of this Zernike expansion method.
Raman spectra analysis of human blood protein fractions using the projection on latent structures method
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Lykina Anastasia А. , Artemyev Dmitriy N. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Bratchenko Ivan А. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Khristoforova Yulia А. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Myakinin Oleg I. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Kuzmina Tatyana P. ,   Samara State Medical University, 89 St. Chapayevskaya, 443099, Samara, Russia, Davydkin Igor L. ,   Samara State Medical University, 89 St. Chapayevskaya, 443099, Samara, Russia, Zakharov Valeriy P. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

This work is devoted to the study of human blood protein fractions by Raman spectroscopy. Whole blood and blood plasma were used as the tested samples. For the pure Raman spectra analysis the autofluorescence background was subtracted by using of two mathematical approaches: polynomial approximation and baseline correction with asymmetric least squares. The study allowed for revealing the differences between the spectral features of blood plasma and whole blood plasma, which are changes in the relative Raman intensities of plasma and whole blood and appearance Raman bands 670 cm-1, 750 cm-1, 1120 cm-1 and 1550 cm-1 correspond to hemoglobin bonds in whole blood. The spectral features were used for total protein concentration measurement of plasma and whole blood. PLS regression method was utilized for spectral data analysis with different protein concentrations. The VIP-scores make it possible to determine the most informative spectral bands: 1002 cm-1, 1227 cm-1, 1400 cm-1, 1630 cm-1 for proteins analysis.
Intelligent learning and testing system for students training in the problem area of nanotechnology and microsystem engineering
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia, Lyapunov Danil ,   Research Intsitute of Automation and Electromechanics, 53, Belinskiy St., 634034, Tomsk, Russia, Yankovskaya Anna ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia,   National Research Tomsk State University, 36, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, 40, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, 2, Solyanaya Sq., 634003, Tomsk, Russia, Dementyev Yury ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia, Negodin Kirill ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Ave., 634050, Tomsk, Russia
Published: September 2017

For the students learning and training in the field of nanotechnology and microsystem engineering within the framework of blended learning paradigm we need high quality content; efficient learning technology; means of students motivation; evaluation tools. We propose an intelligent learning and testing system based on mixed diagnostic tests for effective comprehension of a number of subjects within the problem area. The system allows to provide effective comprehension of a number of subjects and to form the primary competences from the students point of view, revealing their future occupation preferences. During the learning process the students within small groups (not less than 4 students) solve the problems of development, modelling and design of microsystem devices. They also investigate the market needs, consider the opportunities of macroscopic sensors and actuators exchange on their microsystem analogs.