bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feministische Bewegungen in Argentinien und Mexiko im Kontext von COVID-19
Authors: Atci Mehmet M. , Carmelich Elena , López Andrea L. , Zuñiga Karla
Published: June 2021

Aufgrund der Benachteiligung von Frauen in vielen Lebensbereichen erlebt Lateinamerika in den letzten Jahren eine immer stärker werdende Präsenz feministischer Bewegungen. Eine Vorreiterrolle spielen hierbei feministische Bewegungen in Argentinien und Mexiko. Aufgrund der hohen Zahl von Femiziden in Mexiko und des gesetzlichen Verbots der Abtreibung in Argentinien gehen Aktivist*innen dagegen vor und mobilisieren zahlreiche Menschen. Dieser Artikel zeigt, inwiefern die Pandemie Brüche und Kontinuitäten hervorgebracht hat und welchen Effekt die Regierungswechsel in diesen beiden Ländern auf die Forderungen der feministischen Bewegungen hatten. Dabei wird der Zeitraum von Dezember 2019 bis Dezember 2020 näher beleuchtet. Während in Argentinien die Abtreibung am 30. Dezember 2020 legalisiert wurde, bestärkte dieses Gesetz die Forderungen der Feminist*innen in Mexiko.
Observation, experimentation, and replication in linguistics
Authors: Grieve Jack
Published: June 2021

In this paper, I propose that replication failure in linguistics may be due primarily to inherent issues with the application of experimental methods to analyze an inextricably social phenomenon like language, as opposed to poor research practices. Because language use varies across social contexts, and because social context must vary across independent experimental replications, linguists should not be surprised when experimental results fail to replicate at the expected rate. To address issues with replication failure in linguistics, and to increase methodological rigor in our field more generally, I argue that linguists must use experimental methods carefully, keeping in mind their inherent limitations, while acknowledging the scientific value of observational methods, which are often the only way to pursue basic questions in our field.
Properties of multiplication operators on the space of functions of bounded φ-variation
Authors: Castillo René E. , Ramos-Fernández Julio C. , Vacca-González Harold
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the functions

u
∈
B

V

φ

[

0
,
1

]

u\in B{V}_{\varphi }\left[0,1]

which define compact and Fredholm multiplication operators

M

u

{M}_{u}

acting on the space of functions of bounded

φ

\varphi

-variation are studied. All the functions

u

∈

B

V

φ

[

0
,

1

]

u\hspace{-0.08em}\in \hspace{-0.08em}B{V}_{\varphi }\left[0,\hspace{-0.08em}1]

which define multiplication operators

M

u

:
B

V

φ

[

0
,
1

]

→
B

V

φ

[

0
,
1

]

{M}_{u}:B{V}_{\varphi }\left[0,1]\to B{V}_{\varphi }\left[0,1]

with closed range are characterized.
Association between hair cortisol concentration and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Mazgelytė Eglė , Mažeikienė Asta , Burokienė Neringa , Matuzevičienė Rėda , Linkevičiūtė Aušra , Kučinskienė Zita Aušrelė , Karčiauskaitė Dovilė
Published: June 2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent disorder defined as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. It is believed that excessive cortisol secretion due to psychosocial stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation might be involved in the pathogenesis of MetS. We sought to explore the association between MetS and psychosocial risk factors, as well as cortisol concentration measured in different biological specimens including saliva, blood serum, and hair samples. The study was conducted on a sample of 163 young and middle-aged men who were divided into groups according to the presence of MetS. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection, while blood serum and salivary cortisol levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Lipid metabolism biomarkers were determined using routine laboratory methods. Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics, as well as self-reported psychosocial indicators, were also examined. Significantly higher HCC and lower social support level among participants with MetS compared with individuals without MetS were found. However, no significant differences in blood serum and salivary cortisol levels were observed between men with and without MetS. In conclusion, chronically elevated cortisol concentration might be a potential contributing factor to the development of MetS.
Synthesis and crystal structure of one new Pb(II) complex constructed by 1,10-phenanthroline and two carboxylate ligands
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lin , Tang Shi-Li , Li De-Jun , Cheng Yuan-Zheng , Zhang Li-Ping
Published: June 2021

The complex [Pb(phen)(4-NB)(CH3COO)] of lead(II) was prepared and characterized by means of elemental analysis, FT-IR, and single crystal X-ray analysis, where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 4-NB = 4-nitrobenzoate. The single crystal X-ray analysis indicates that the complex is a monomeric species, including two carboxylate ligands, and adopts a hemidirected structure. It is further extended by intermolecular C−H⋯O hydrogen bonds, π–π interactions and secondary Pb⋯O interactions to form two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.
Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-(μ
2-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalato-κ2
O:O′)(μ
2-bis(4-pyridylformyl)piperazine-κ2
N:N′)cadmium(II)] dihydrate, C24H28CdN4O12
Authors: Lv Benlian , Ren Yunli
Published: June 2021

C24H28CdN4O12, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.0801(4) Å, b = 8.3925(3) Å, c = 13.9503(5) Å, β = 102.810(3)°, Z = 2, V = 1353.89(8) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0273, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0633, T = 291 K.
Theoretical investigation of the stability, reactivity, and the interaction of methyl-substituted peridinium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Bisong Emmanuel A. , Louis Hitler , Unimuke Tomsmith O. , Bassey Victoria M. , Agwupuye John A. , Peter Linda I. , Ekpen Francis O. , Adeleye Aderemi T.
Published: June 2021

This research work focuses on the reactivity, stability, and electronic interaction of pyridinium hydrogen nitrate (PHN)-based ionic liquids and the influence of methyl substituent on this class of ionic liquids: Ortho- (O-MPHN), meta- (M-MPHN), and para- (P-MPHN) substitution. Natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations were performed at the density functional theory (DFT) with Becke’s Lee Yang and Parr functional (B3LYP) methods and DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) as basis set using GAUSSIAN 09W and GAUSSVIEW 6.0 software and the most important interaction between donor (Filled Lewis-type NBO’s) and the acceptor (vacant non-Lewis NBOs) were observed. From our natural bond orbital (NBO) result, it could be deduced that the higher the stabilization energy value, the greater the interaction between the donor and acceptor NBOs. The stability of the studied compounds is said to follow the order from O-MPHN > PHN > P-MPHN > M-MPHN based on the hyperconjugative interaction (stabilization energy) of the most significant interaction. The result of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), shows that PHN has the highest HOMO while the substituted derivatives have similar HOMO values between −7.70 and −7.98 eV thus PHN complex is the best electron donor while the substituted derivatives act as electron acceptors due to the presence of methyl group substituent which is observed to be electron deficient as a result of its withdrawal effect from the aromatic ring. Furthermore, the electron density, real space functions such as energy density and Laplacian of electron density at bond critical point (BCP) of the hydrogen bond interaction of the studied compounds were analyzed using Multifunctional Wavefunction analyzer software version 3.7 and it was observed that the hydrogen at position 6 and oxygen at position 11 (H6–O11) of M-methyl pyridinium nitrate with bond distance of 4.59 (Å) gave binding energy with the strongest electrostatic interaction between the cation and anion of the compounds under investigation. We also observed from our results that, substitution at the ortho position enhances the stability and strengthen the extent of charge transfer. This therefore implies that substitution at ortho position is more favorable for inter- and intramolecular interactions resulting to stabilization of the studied molecules.
Inventar nalaza i višefazno groblje uz utvrdu Sokol u Konavlima
Authors: Topić Nikolina , Bedić Željka , Vyroubal Vlasta , Šlaus Mario , Barešić Jadranka , Sironić Andreja , Ilkić Mato , M. T. Moore Andrew , Drašković Vlašić Nikolina
Published: June 2021

Izneseni su rezultati arheoloških istraživanja provedenih uz utvrdu Sokol u Konavlima 2012. i 2013. godine, te rezultati antropološke analize i analize radioaktivnim ugljikom 14C. Lokalitet Sokol ima dugi kontinuitet u naseljavanju počevši od prapovijesti do ranog novog vijeka. Istraživanje prostora uz utvrdu podijeljeno je na četiri velike sonde od kojih je najkompleksnija ona uz njezinu južnu stranu. Višefazno groblje smješteno je uz južnu i istočnu stranu utvrde s manjim brojem grobova uz njezinu sjevernu stranu. U svim sondama pronađeni su duboki slojevi formirani potresima koji su bili česti na dubrovačkom području. Ti slojevi su osim grobova i ostataka arhitekture sadržavali i kamene gromade koje su se urušile s utvrde tijekom potresa te mnoštvo raznovrsnih nalaza širokog vremenskog raspona, od prapovijesti do novog vijeka. Utvrda je napuštena 1672. godine. Antropološkom analizom obuhvaćeni su svi pronađeni kosturni ostaci iz bolje i slabije sačuvanih grobnih cjelina, čime su definirani ostaci 92 osobe, od čega 57 odraslih i 35 djece. Pregledom osteološkog materijala također su dokumentirane patološke promjene nastale za života osoba. Određivanje starosti kosturnih ostataka provedeno je metodom 14C. Određena je starost kostura u rasponu od 5. do 19. stoljeća. Istom metodom provedeno je i mjerenje starosti karboniziranih badema koji su datirani u starije željezno doba (750. – 400. cal BC).
El cosmopolitismo de María Zambrano y Alfonso Reyes
Authors: Lizaola Julieta
Published: June 2021

El presente texto perfila una visión compartida sobre la importancia de ser ciudadanos del mundo, de ejercer el cosmopolitismo como forma de defensa de lo diverso, de lo heterogéneo. En esta premisa reside la aceptación y reconocimiento de la multiplicidad de elementos que conforman la vida subjetiva y social de la  persona, del ciudadano. Este vinculo es el centro de la relación epistolar entre María Zambrano y Alfonso Reyes que en la amplitud de su perspectiva poética y filosófica les permite  afirmar lo distinto, lo diferente, en términos culturales y políticos.
Descenso a los ínferos e iniciación. El exilio de Ciudad de México a La Habana de María Zambrano
Authors: Domínguez Romero Noelia
Published: June 2021

El presente texto trata de recorrer, al unísono desde lo textual y lo vivencial, los primeros pasos del exilio político y filosófico de María Zambrano en América. La pensadora española, tras vivir unos meses de destierro en París, arribará en el fatídico 1939 a México, tierra que la abrazaría hasta su partida un año después hacia la mayor de las Antillas, Cuba, su Isla secreta, lugar de lo poético-sagrado y de encuentro con amistades verdaderas. En ese descenso a los ínferos su propia palabra, hecha de afectos, sueños y memoria, se volverá salvación.
I giardini di pietra. “Figura totale” e cartografie dell’umano nella riflessione zambraniana.
Authors: Grigoletto Lorena
Published: June 2021

Questo articolo ha il proposito di riflettere sulla tensione tra il giardino e la città, considerati nel loro valore metaforico, come luoghi dell’umano costruire nel suo orizzonte storico-temporale. Luoghi, ovvero, originari e futuri, reali o immaginari, nei quali l’uomo stesso e la società possono ripensarsi. In questo senso, è possibile descrivere una specie di topografia filosofica interna alla riflessione zambraniana, capace di mettere in questione i limiti dell’umano ed il suo rapporto con la natura.
María Zambrano, Don Juan y los hombres baldíos
Authors: Rivera Leonarda
Published: June 2021

Este artículo muestra al don Juan del barroco y al pícaro como experimentos fallidos de la libertad moderna.  Los dos saborean esa libertad como un fruto prohibido, y terminan siendo víctimas de sus deseos; condenados a la soledad, los dos escenifican de una forma particular eso que María Zambrano llamó la encarnación del Absolutismo en la existencia individual.
filosofía política de la segunda escolástica: entre tomismo y modernidad
Authors: Letelier Widow Gonzalo
Published: June 2021

La diferencia de la filosofía política de la segunda escolástica con la de los clásicos modernos es sobre todo metafísica. Las semejanzas argumentales, históricamente fundamentales, resultan teóricamente irrelevantes respecto de esta diferencia, cuyo principio primario es la centralidad de un bien (realmente) común, manifestado en una ética teleológica centrada en la virtud. El artículo revisa cómo, por esta razón, una serie de tópicos que la primera modernidad articula como aspectos de un único problema político, todavía constituyen para estos autores cuestiones independientes, solo vinculadas en la idea de bien común político.
Agamben tiene razón: COVID 19 y estado de excepción permanente
Authors: Del Prado Higuera Cristina , Duque Silva Guillermo Andrés
Published: June 2021

El COVID 19 además de haber enfrentado al mundo a una crisis sanitaria sin precedente, ha servido para que algunos filósofos entre ellos Giorgio Agamben hayan abordado esta crisis desde una perspectiva política y social, analizando el permanente estado de excepción en el que estamos viviendo. En este artículo intentamos mostrar la visión de cómo las situaciones extremas se convierten en paradigmas de lo cotidiano si no somos capaces de analizarlas de una manera correcta.
Anticapitalismo rawlsiano. Estudio de la distinción entre Estado de bienestar y democracia de propietarios.
Authors: Fernández Manzano Juan Antonio
Published: June 2021

A lo largo de su trayectoria intelectual, Rawls fue perfilando las principales características de una sociedad bien ordenada y llegó a la conclusión de que no todo sistema político-económico es compatible con la justicia como equidad. Este trabajo realiza un estudio analítico que rastrea las diferentes etapas de este proceso, reconstruye e interpreta las principales tesis y sostiene que el núcleo de estos argumentos arroja luz para sostener la incapacidad de toda forma conocida de capitalismo de satisfacer los requisitos de la justicia.
Mujer nueva. Aportaciones de las feministas socialistas a los debates morales y políticos del siglo XXI
Authors: Ávila Bravo-Villasante María , Palomo Cermeño Eva
Published: June 2021

Las ideas en torno a la Mujer nueva marcaron los debates acerca del género y la clase, el feminismo y el socialismo, durante el siglo XIX y principios del XX. En el presente trabajo se revisan y analizan las aportaciones de diversas autoras pertenecientes a la tradición del feminismo socialista, como son Anna Wheeler, Clara Zetkin, Alexandra Kollontai o Sylvia Pankhurst. Se trata de establecer un diálogo presente-pasado en torno a los retos morales y políticos que presentan al feminismo las sociedades contemporáneas.
Miedo desde el Derecho
Authors: Bueno Ochoa Luis
Published: June 2021

El miedo es considerada una emoción negativa que se asocia, comúnmente, con una visión catastrofista. Sin embargo, el mundo del Derecho propicia referirse a la equivocidad del miedo. El miedo y la esperanza se ven reconciliados, finalmente, tanto a partir de La dificultad de ser como en consideración a El coraje de ser.
fin de la historia frente al fin de la geografía
Authors: Castro Córdoba Ernesto
Published: June 2021

En este artículo analizamos la teoría del fin de la historia de Francis Fukuyama y la contrastamos con la teoría del fin de la geografía de Fredric Jameson. Según Fukuyama, la caída de la Unión Soviética inicia el fin de la historia, en el sentido de que el liberalismo ha demostrado ser el «horizonte político insuperable de nuestro tiempo» (por decirlo con la famoso dictum de Jean-Paul Sartre). Esta tesis fue malinterpretada por Jean Baudrillard como si Fukuyama estuviera diciendo que, a partir de 1991, la historia hubiera entrado en una «huelga de acontecimientos». Contra esta malinterpretación, en este artículo argumentamos a favor de la teoría del fin de la historia de Jameson.
Green Bonds als Instrumente der Klimaschutzfinanzierung: Eine Literaturübersicht
Authors: Jäger Lukas , Ringel Marc , Schiereck Dirk
Published: June 2021

Das Abkommen von Paris richtet die Klimaschutzfinanzierung als eine zentrale Säule der Klimaschutzpolitik ein. Ziel ist dabei die Mobilisierung von staatlichem und privatem Kapital für Klimaschutzaktivitäten. Hervorgehoben wird hierbei die Rolle von Green Bonds, um zum einen zielgerichtet Kapitel in die Klimaschutzfinanzierung zu lenken, zum anderen aber auch, um Investoren einen klaren Mehrwert gegenüber herkömmlichen Anlagetiteln zu bieten. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zum Finanzierungsinstrument Green Bonds strukturiert aufzubereiten. Damit soll sowohl ein Überblick über bisherige Entwicklungen als auch über weiteren Forschungsbedarf gegeben werden, um klarer das Potenzial der Green Bonds für die Klimafinanzierung herauszuarbeiten, aber auch kritische Aspekte wie die effektive Kapitalverwendung, potenzielles „Greenwashing“ sowie die Eignung von Green Bonds als Investitionsobjekt zu diskutieren. Die gesichteten Studien scheinen das Vorhandensein eines Green Bond Premiums zu bestätigen
und
belegen deutlich den Nutzen von Green Bonds, sowohl aus der Perspektive der Investoren als auch aus dem Blickwinkel der Klimaschutzpolitik.
Obtaining plasticized starch and microfibrillated cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunches: Preparation and properties of the pure materials and their composites
Authors: Teles Valérya C. , Roldi Mariana , Luz Sandra M. , Santos Wellington R. , Andreani Larissa , Valladares Leonardo F.
Published: June 2021

Starch and celluloses are biodegradable resources of great importance in terms of marketing. These biopolymers can be used to generate films with interesting mechanical, optical, and thermal properties, which can substitute for plastic films in certain applications, e.g., packaging materials. This study describes the preparation of pure plasticized starch films, prepared from soluble starch and glycerol, and the preparation of microfibrillated cellulose films from oil palm empty fruit bunches fabricated via casting. Composites made of plasticized starch were also prepared with microfibrillated cellulose added in 10% increments. The density, color difference, opacity, morphology, water activity, water affinity, and thermal and mechanical characteristics of the films were investigated. Plasticized starch is a translucent material with contact transparency; it is fragile and has relatively high water and glycerol contents. The thermogravimetric analysis of materials displayed up to four stages of weight loss related to water evaporation, glycerol, starch, and cellulose thermal degradation. As a consequence, the materials with higher cellulose content exhibited better thermal resistance. The composites with 90% of microfibrillated cellulose resulted in increased tensile strength when compared to the pure materials. The pure microfibrillated cellulose presented the highest values of Young modulus. The addition of plasticized starch to microfibrillated cellulose improved the maximum strain of the composites.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Pterocarya stenoptera bark extract and its mechanism on Staphylococcus aureus through cell membrane damage
Authors: Li Xuanru , Zhang Xiaoxi , Xing Mengyu , Chen Ruyi , Zhao Xinyu , Xia Daozong
Published: June 2021

Pterocarya stenoptera bark extract (PSBE) was assessed for its chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity. The total phenolic content (TPC) in the PSBE was 272.92 ± 3.22 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g. Three phenolic compounds (quercetin-3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-rhamnoside, quercetin, and juglone) were identified in the PSBE via ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (UPLC/MS) analysis. The PSBE possessed remarkable antioxidant activity in the DPPH and ABTS+ radicals scavenging system, with IC50 values of 96.25 ± 3.82 μg/mL and 158.26 ± 6.08 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the PSBE had high antibacterial activity, which was especially sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial mechanism of the PSBE on the S. aureus was related to the deformation of the cell morphology and the destruction of the cell membrane structure, which was confirmed using a BacLight Viability Kit and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. These findings suggest that the strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the bark extract from P. stenoptera make the tree species suitable as a natural additive in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
Utilization of various lignocellulosic substrates for Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom cultivation in the manufacturing of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based biocomposite films
Authors: Düzkale Sözbir Gonca
Published: June 2021

The possibility of using beech wood sawdust and hazelnut husk waste generated during the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms as a filler in polycaprolactone (PCL)-based biocomposite films was investigated. Chemical and physical properties of the PCL biocomposites were determined. The beech sawdust and hazelnut husk were exposed to degradation for 73 d and 78 d, respectively, in slightly acidic environments at a relative humidity of 75%. The degraded materials caused the holocellulose and lignin contents in the PCL biocomposites to decrease, while the cellulose and α-cellulose contents increased. In general, as the lignocellulosic waste content increased, the tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EatB) values decreased and the tensile modulus (TM) and water absorption (WA) values increased. It was determined that the PCL biocomposite with the degraded beech sawdust absorbed more water than the composite with the undegraded beech sawdust. On the other hand, the PCL biocomposite with the degraded hazelnut husk absorbed less water than the composite with the raw hazelnut husk.
Self-Generated Figures in Sequence Processing
Authors: GINAT David
Published: June 2021

A figure may convey an idea, an argument and even a proof, sometimes better than
words. It may also elicit an idea, an argument and a proof. In problem solving, a figure may give a “feel” of a problem. A self-generated figure may help getting insight, or serve as a means for representing one’s inner associations, or mental model of the problem. This paper presents selfgenerated figures in algorithmic problem solving. Students of our IOI advanced stage demonstrated constructive utilization of self-generated figures in solving challenging sequence processing tasks. The figures elicited associations of hidden patterns, whose recognition yielded elegant and efficient algorithmic solutions. We advocate the application and examination of self-generated figures in algorithmic problem solving.
Teaching and Examination Process of Some University Courses before vs during the Corona Crisis
Authors: RISTOVSKA Vesna Dimitrievska , STANKOV Emil , SEKULOSKI Petar
Published: June 2021

The newly emerged corona crisis in our country, but also much broader – on the entire
planet, caused by the pandemic scale of COVID-19 virus, dictated the need for adjustment of the teaching and examination process of many university courses. At our institution, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering (FCSE) in Skopje, starting from March 17, 2020, until today (March 2021), classes and exams are completely realized through distance learning systems, i.e. using the BigBlueButton video conferencing system, implemented in the Courses and Exams student services – the official FCSE websites on the Moodle e-learning platform.
For all faculty courses, lectures, auditory and laboratory exercises, colloquia and exams, all take place via a video conferencing system for distance education.
In this paper we present a comparative analysis of the conduction of some courses at FCSE in classical conditions, as opposed to the conditions with distance education. We have considered the analysis mainly from the aspect of the approach to teaching, as well as from the aspect of exam conduction and achieved exam results. The analysis of those aspects leads us to conclusions about several positive and negative sides that we noticed in distance education compared to the classical conditions of classes and exams. Our findings also may apply on the organization of online contests, especially in informatics.
Look Ma, Backtracking without Recursion
Authors: VERHOEFF Tom
Published: June 2021

I show how backtracking can be discovered naturally without using a recursive function
(nor using a loop with an explicit stack). Rather, my approach involves a form of self application that can be elegantly expressed in an object-oriented program, and that is reminiscent of how recursion is done in lambda calculus. It also illustrates why reasoning about object-oriented programs can be hard.
A tool to measure Fortran source code metrics using syntax analysis
Authors:   NTUU ", Pokrovskyi A.M. ,   KPI"
Published: June 2021

The rapid development of software quality measurement methods, the need in efficient and versatile reengineering automatization tools becomes increasingly bigger. This becomes even more apparent when the programming language and respective coding practices slowly develop alongside each other for a long period of time, while the legacy code base grows bigger and remains highly relevant. In this paper, a source code metrics measurement tool for Fortran program quality evaluation is developed. It is implemented as a code module for Photran integrated development environment and based on a set of syntax tree walking algorithms. The module utilizes the built-in Photran syntax analysis engine and the tree data structure which it builds from the source code. The developed tool is also compared to existing source code analysis instruments. The results show that the developed tool is most effective when used in combination with Photran’s built-in refactoring system, and that Photran’s application programming interface facilitates easy scaling of the existing infrastructure by introducing other code analysis methods.
Presentación del caso
Authors: Trueba Ricardo
Published: June 2021

Paciente de 67 años que consulta por dolor en la región glútea izquierda, de varios meses de evolución, que altera su calidad de vida, porque refiere dolor al estar sentado, al comenzar la marcha y al dormir del lado comprometido. Se presentan imágenes para discutir el caso.
Description of a New Methodology for Baking Products from Wheat and Rye Flour by the Sour Dough Method
Authors: Shelekhov Igor Yu.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of using various methods for thermal processing of bakery products. It is shown that the infrared method is one of the most promising methods of heat treatment. The analysis showed that when combining different methods of heat treatment, the products retain their consumer qualities and the time of the technological cycle is reduced. The author proposes to use the method of thermal processing in the fast food industry.
Materials and Methods. The subject of the study is a new method of thermal processing of bakery products made from wheat-rye flour using infrared radiation. For the study, a heating unit was manufactured in accordance with the patent for utility model No. 199820, where heating elements made using the grid-screen printing technology were installed; the performance of heating elements was controlled by a device with a PID controller of the TRM 148-T brand with an RS-485 interface.
Results. The article shows that this method can be used to create a uniform product heating. The results of studies on the control of temperature conditions for baking bread are presented. It has been shown that the time of baking bread decreased by more than 25%, while the consumer quality of the product did not change.
Discussion and Conclusion. The studies have shown that the use of the method for thermal processing opens up new opportunities for the fast food industry and other sectors of the national economy. The results of the study showed that together with a set of experimental data, this method will be possible to use in the individual sector and to carry out the intellectualization of the process of preparing various food products.
Reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve using high-resolution ultrasonography
Authors:   Radiodiagnosis, SGRD University of Health Sciences, India, Singh Kunwar Pal , Singh Prabhjot , Gupta Kamlesh
Published: June 2021

Aim: High-resolution ultrasonography is a new and promising technique to evaluate peripheral and spinal nerves. Its validity as a diagnostic tool in neurological diseases has been demonstrated in adults. The aims of study were to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography, and to determine the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve and the subjects’ age, gender, height (in cm), weight (in kg), and body mass index. Material and methods: Two hundred subjects of both genders and above 18 years of age were studied with high-resolution ultrasonography. The subjects had no history of peripheral neuropathy or trauma to the lower limb. The cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves were obtained at two different levels in both lower limbs. The mean cross-sectional areas of the sciatic nerves were measured at two different levels, one located at 1 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves, and the other 4 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves. Results: A positive correlation of the mean cross-sectional area was established with height, weight, and body mass index. Women had smaller cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves than men at both measuring sites. No significant relationship was established with the age of the subjects. Conclusions: The established reference values of the cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve can facilitate the analysis of pathological nerve conditions.
Ultrasound of the neonatal hip as a screening tool for DDH: how to screen and differences in screening programs between European countries
Authors:   Radiology, OLVG Hospital, Netherlands, Kilsdonk Iris , Witbreuk Melinda ,   Orthopedic Surgery, OLVG Hospital, Netherlands, Van Der Woude Henk-Jan ,   Radiology, OLVG Hospital, Netherlands
Published: June 2021

Developmental dysplasia of the hip comprises a broad spectrum of abnormalities in hip development, of variable severity. Besides physical examination, ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in children aged younger than six months. The Graf method is the most widely used ultrasound technique for infant hips; a stepwise approach will be shown in this article. Furthermore, the process of dynamic ultrasound imaging will be explained as well as the use of transinguinal ultrasound in infants wearing a spica cast. There is no consensus on the best way to screen for developmental dysplasia of the hip, which is probably the reason why different screening programs exist throughout Europe, as will be discussed in this article. The use of universal versus selective ultrasound remains a controversy, as does the timing. Is it better to perform sonography in all newborn infants like in Germany and Austria? Or should we examine only the infants with clinical hip instability or risk factors (breech position, positive family history), like in the UK and the Netherlands? This article reviews the epidemiology, static and dynamic ultrasound techniques in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip, and differences in screening programs throughout Europe. Set aside the uncertainties about whom and when to screen, it needs to be emphasized that ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip is important, since the disease is initially occult and easier to treat when identified early. In this way, the radiologist can aid in preventing serious disability of the hip.
Dynamic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute anterior cruciate ligament injury – a case report
Authors:   Mirai Clinic, Otwock, Poland, Bartoszewicz Michał
Published: June 2021

In the reported case of acute grade 3 anterior cruciate ligament injury, clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging findings were in conflict, leading to confusion. Ultimately, dynamic ultrasound imaging proved to be the decisive test. The article describes the steps taken to reach the diagnosis. In addition, possible future diagnostic improvements are discussed. Dynamic ultrasound imaging, performed as part of the physical examination, is a valuable supplement to medical documentation. It provides appreciable diagnostic performance for the detection of anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. Physical examination combined with magnetic resonance imaging, even though they represent the current diagnostic standard, have their limitations.
Cognitive behavioural psychotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with particular focus on generalised anxiety disorder
Authors:   Gabinet terapii psychologicznej, neurologopedycznej, integracji sensorycznej, Gdańsk, Polska, Meslin-Kuźniak Anna , Nowicka-Sauer Katarzyna ,   Katedra Medycyny Rodzinnej, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Gdańsk, Polska
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the issue of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents with particular focus on generalised anxiety disorder and the use of cognitive behavioural psychotherapy in the affected patients. Data on epidemiology, aetiology and diagnosis of anxiety disorders, as well as the specificity and limitations of cognitive behavioural therapy among younger patients are presented. Statistical data show that the group of affected children and adolescents is growing. The diagnosis of generalised anxiety in children and adolescents may take time. It requires careful collection of history and observation of behaviours in different functioning domains. It may happen that symptoms indicative of generalised anxiety disorders are underestimated or missed by adults from the child’s immediate environment. Early and accurate diagnosis is important also because the disorder may give rise to depressive disorders or contribute to suicide attempts. Research shows that cognitive behavioural psychotherapy, often aided by pharmacotherapy, is one of the most effective and popular forms of therapy in children and adolescents with generalised anxiety disorders. The paper describes the theoretical models of the disorder, as well as its implications for psychotherapy and current research trends. Cognitive behavioural therapeutic programs intended for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders are also presented. The literature review shows that studies and protocols devoted exclusively to the treatment of generalised anxiety in children and adolescents are still missing. Therefore, treatment protocols for adults, which are appropriately adjusted to age and cognitive development of the child, are often used, especially for older children.
Genetic characterization of two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa type t127 strains isolated from workers in the dairy production chain in Greece
Authors: Karampatakis Theodoros , Papadopoulos Panagiotis , Tsergouli Katerina , Angelidis Apostolos S. , Sergelidis Daniel , Papa Anna
Published: June 2021

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) constitutes a constant threat for the public health. Aim of the present study was to analyse the whole genome sequences of two MRSA strains belonging to Staphylococcus protein A (spa) type t127 isolated from humans working in two distantly located dairy production farms in Greece.

MRSA strains were isolated from the nasal cavity of a food handler in a milk industry in Epirus, northwestern Greece (E-MRSA), and a person working in a cattle farm in Thrace, northeastern Greece (T-MRSA). Whole genome sequences taken using next generation sequencing were analysed for resistance and virulence genes applying various bioinformatic tools.

Both isolates were assigned to ST1-IVa-t127 type, and they were transferring genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, β-lactams, and aminoglycosides; T-MRSA was carrying additional genes leading to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance. Both isolates were carrying three plasmid replicon types, rep5, rep7 and rep16, while T-MRSA harboured also rep10 and rep15. E-MRSA carried scn and sak genes which were absent from T-MRSA.

In conclusion, the genetic characterization of two unrelated ST1-IVa-t127 MRSA strains isolated from humans in close contact with livestock in Greece can be used as basis for further epidemiological and evolutionary studies.
A microwave termoablációs (MWA) módszer bevezetése az aranyeresség sebészetébe
Authors: Rozsos István , Vadász Gergely , Gadácsi Melinda
Published: June 2021

Összefoglaló.
Célkitűzés: A már több mint egy évtizede alkalmazott lézeres
aranyérműtét technikai tapasztalatai alapján kidolgozott mikrohullámú
termo-koagulációs műtét bevezetésének korai eredményeinek bemutatása.
Közleményünkben a lézeres és microwave elven működő eszközökkel végzett
aranyérműtéti eredményeinket mutatjuk be. Betegek és módszerek:
A 26 lézerszállal és a 14 mikrohullámú merev antennával végzett műtét
összehasonlítását végeztük el. Eredmények: Mindkét csoportban
az átlagos panaszmentesség 2 hét alatt alakult ki, a két módszer között jelentős
különbséget nem találtunk. Megbeszélés: Az új műtéti
eljárásokat kereső világunkban az általunk most kipróbált lehetőség lehetővé
teszi a gyors és teljes gyógyulást adó kezelést. A termo elven működő rendszerek
kevesebb fizikai roncsolással érik el a kívánt hatást. A microwave technika a
lézeres beavatkozások biztonsági előírásainak szükségessége és körülményessége
nélkül alkalmazható.

Summary.
Abstract: In addition to the traditional surgical options for
hemorrhoid disease, newer treatment methods are evolving along the principle of
reducing the burden on patients and providing similar or better healing.
Thermo-based systems achieve the desired effect with less physical destruction.
In this paper, we discuss the results of hemorrhoid surgery performed with laser
and microwave devices. Patients and methods: We compare the
results of 26 operations done with laser fibers and 14 operations using
microwave rigid antennas. Results: In both groups, the average
complaint-free period developed within 2 weeks, no significant difference was
found between the two methods. Discussion: As we are always
looking for new methods and surgical solutions, an option we are testing now
indicates that thermal treatment can provide a quick and complete cure without
the need for complicated safety requirements of laser interventions.
The liability of the air carrier for damages and the state of health of the air passenger •
Authors: Sipos Attila
Published: June 2021

Viruses can be found everywhere, they are part of the real life of humanity. Air travel is the youngest form of geographical movement, which has become an attainable reality for everyone at the expense of extraordinarily huge efforts and sacrifices. The two realities collided at the end of 2019 and then on 11 March 2020 via the declaration of COVID-19 to be a world pandemic changing the world as known. This paper introduces these two realities and researches their legal relations.

Primarily, this paper seeks answers to the question whether pursuant to the Montreal Convention (1999) regulating the liability of the air carrier for damages an event or occurrence deriving from the disease or state of health of the passenger taking place during the operations of embarkation or disembarkation or on board the aircraft is deemed to be an accident. What extent of liability does the state of health of the passenger impose on the contracting parties pursuant to the rules of the Convention and according to legal practice?

An answer is provided by unfolding the conceptual elements of accident via legal cases. This introduces the significance of the internal regulations of the air carrier; the situation of passengers in need of special care; examines the existence of medical certificates and deals with the responsibility of the crew for the treatment of acute situations deriving from the state of health of the passenger (heart attack, thrombosis, virus infection etc.)

The answer is logical. Pursuant to the Convention, the event or occurrence deriving from the state of health of the passenger does not qualify as accident, consequently, the air carrier shall not liable. However, if in the facts of the concrete case a cause and effect relationship exists between the occurrence of the accident and the negligent conduct of the air carrier, the liability of the air carrier for damages can be established.

The study introduces the system of conditions of the liability for damages in full detail, and the causal link producing an accident. The author makes recommendations for and outlines solutions in awareness that despite all real efforts, mankind has not learnt the lesson that the virus is in a winning position.
The twilight of the separation of powers: Proportionality as a method of solving institutional issues
Authors: Hapla Martin
Published: June 2021

The author examines the tension that exists between the various components of the separation of powers (in particular the ideas of independence and separation, and the system of checks and balances). He analyses different ways of solving them. Attention is paid, for example, to attempting to supplement the separation of powers with some other normative thesis. The author rejects previous approaches and argues that the components of the separation of powers can be understood as separate principles. Conflicts between these principles should be resolved through proportionality.
MODELING OF THE FLOW TIME SERIES FORA SHORT-TERM HYDROLOGICAL FORECAST
Authors:   Katedra Geoinżynierii i Gospodarki Wodnej, Politechnika Krakowska, Siuta Tomasz
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study: Within this article an example of an effective approach to real-time, short term forecast of flood rates within Vistula river differential catchment was presented. This forecast is based on flow rates time series measured at the water gauge input and output cross sections of the river system with a daily delay without taking into account any precipitation data. Material and methods: In order to assess the quality of the forecast, four types of time series models were developed for the Smolice outlet gage station. The first type of model is the conventional linear autoregressive relationship (AR), the second one - three layer neural network feedforward (SSN), the third one – two layer recursive neural network and the fourth one- three layer special kind of recurrent neural network (RNN). All models were trained and tested based on historical flood events data. Results and conclusions: Among the all tested model types, the most accurate prediction of the instantaneous value of the flow rate in the outlet cross section of the Vistula catchment was obtained using the RNN model. This type of model also had the greatest ability to generalize results confirmed by three independent tests.
A Septuaginta em língua portuguesa na tradução de Frederico Lourenço
Authors: Lima Anderson De Oliveira
Published: June 2021

As páginas a seguir apresentam aos leitores uma breve introdução à Septuaginta (LXX), a Bíblia em língua grego que foi produzida no século II a.C. e que era a versão mais lida nos dias de Jesus, tendo determinado fortemente o desenvolvimento dos primeiros cristianismos. Nossa pesquisa celebra a publicação inédita dessa importante obra em língua portuguesa pela editora Companhia das Letras, uma nova versão bíblica com a tradução completa da Septuaginta que constitui o enorme projeto do linguista português Frederico Lourenço, que está traduzindo e publicando gradualmente toda a coleção em oito volumes. Ao estudá-la, nosso objetivo é analisar a obra a partir de sua materialidade, sempre considerando seus paratextos e as características singulares dessa obra em sua versão brasileira.
Texter och offentlig makt – språk och språkvetenskap i samhället
Authors: Tiililä Ulla
Published: June 2021

Den offentliga makten, förvaltningen och den offentliga servicen grundar sig på språkanvänd­ning, men är därtill också textualiserad, dvs. baserar sig i allt högre grad på skrivna texter. Man kan tala om textualiseringen som en megatrend.

I artikeln diskuteras drag som är typiska för textualiseringen särskilt inom vårdsektorn, och vilken inverkan den har på samhället. Artikelns teoriram är skrivandets sociolingvistik, som har många beröringspunkter med diskurs- och genreforskning. Blicken riktas från språket mot språk­liga betydelsehelheter, mot texter, och från språkliga produkter mot språkliga pro­cesser, till exempel mot skrivande.

Jag visar att språk och texter spelar en betydande roll i hur delaktighet, jämlikhet och lik­värdighet realiseras i våra samhällen. I sista hand har de betydelse för stabiliteten i sam­hället, eftersom ojämlikhet och utslagning är betydande bakgrundsfaktorer till säkerhets­hot, till exempel brottslighet. I min artikel kommer jag att visa att språkvetenskap kan erbjuda fruktbara synvinklar och redskap för att granska samhälleliga problem.

Nyckelord: skrivandets sociolingvistik, textualisering, social- och hälsovården, tillgång till rättigheterna, delaktighet
Arbeid med klart språk i norske lover
Authors: Senje Aud Anna
Published: June 2021

Abstract saknas
Från tolkad interaktion till enspråkig text – om en asylberättelses framväxt
Authors: Wadensjö Cecilia , Rehnberg Hanna Sofia , Nikolaidou Zoe
Published: June 2021

I ett protokoll fört under en asylintervju återfanns en obegriplig mening som den asylsökande inte kände igen. I denna artikel undersöker vi vad som ledde fram till denna mening. Med sam­talsanalys som teoretisk och metodisk ansats går vi igenom en 3,5 minuter lång sekvens hämtad från den ljudinspelade, tolkade asylintervju där den obegripliga meningen fördes till proto­kollet. Språken som talades var svenska och ryska. Protokollet skrevs på svenska. Under­sök­ningen visar hur flera faktorer och samtliga deltagare i asylintervjun, på olika sätt, styr och for­mar framväxten av den asylberättelse som manifesteras i protokollet.

Generellt för tolkade samtal gäller att tolkens återgivningar av det som sagts på det andra språket möjliggör parternas delade förståelse – samtidigt som de skapar ett icke-konventionellt turtagningsmönster. Specifikt för asylintervjuer är att ett detaljerat protokoll av det som sägs förs, samtidigt som intervjun pågår. Hur det samtidiga protokollskrivandet påverkar turtag­nings­­mönstret har inte undersökts i någon större utsträckning i tidigare forskning.

Artikeln visar på svårigheter som kan uppstå när en institutionell berättelse samkonstrueras när den parallellt dokumenteras i ett protokoll. Kunskap om detta är av vikt för såväl praktiker inom asylprocessen, som för vidare studier av tolkning i offentlig sektor.