bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causes of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema and its relationship to mortality and hospitalization: a cross-sectional study of patients attending Damascus Hospital in syria
Authors: Alhallak Kasem , Alasfar Hozaifa , Albardan Hussam
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) can be a life-threatening condition leading to compromised gas exchange and acute respiratory failure (ARF) associated with high mortality, Several risk factors have been identified, including those of cardiogenic origin, such as heart failure, hypertension and coronary artery disease>
Methods: A cross-sectional study targeting approximately 167 patients suffering from acute cardiogenic lung edema. The percentage of males was 47% and females were 53%.
Results: The cardiac problems causing pulmonary edema were high blood pressure (62%), myocardial ischemia 42%, heart failure 23%, and valvular disease 37%. The prognosis was better for those associated with high blood pressure
Conclusion: Pulmonary edema is a life-threatening condition. There may be a relationship between causes and prognosis, as in our study the prognosis was better for those diagnosed with cardiogenic Pulmonary edema associated with hypertension and mitral insufficiency, while we did not find that myocardial infarction in patients with cardiogenic edema increases the mortality rate. This contradicts Many studies, and this calls us to conduct more accurate research and use more stringent diagnostic criteria.
DOES CO-BRANDING, SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING, AND KEY OPINION LEADERS INFLUENCE PURCHASE DECISIONS IN GREATER JAKARTA AREA
Authors: Samuel Sylvia
Published: May 2024

Kopi Janji Jiwa is currently one of Indonesia's largest-selling coffee shops. Kopi Janji Jiwa will continue increasing sales to influence many people to purchase. The researcher is also interested in researching the Kopi Janji Jiwa, which is in great demand by the Indonesian people. This study aims to find promotional methods that increase purchasing decisions for Kopi Janji Jiwa in DKI Jakarta. The chosen method is co-branding, social media marketing, and key opinion leaders. First, researchers chose co-branding because co-branding is one of the well-known promotional methods of collaboration between brands. Social media marketing is one of the most effective promotional methods in the modern era, using social networks to reach consumers' interest in a particular product. Finally, a key opinion leader is also one of the most effective methods in the modern era. It is a way to attract buyers or consumers to a brand by using someone's popularity to influence their followers to buy the brand or product. The results obtained from processing 354 data samples show that co-branding, social media marketing, and key opinion leaders significantly influence the purchasing decision of the Kopi Janji Jiwa in DKI Jakarta. The technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling method, using a total sample of 200 data. The research that has been conducted has concluded that co-branding and social media marketing have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. However, key opinion leaders do not affect buying decisions for Kopi Janji Jiwa in DKI Jakarta.
ENHANCING MSME EMPOWERMENT THROUGH TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: A UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIP
Authors: Setiadi Nugroho J. , Prasandy Teguh , Alam Doni P.
Published: May 2024

This community service initiative focuses on universities' integration of science, technology, and expertise with Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) partners. The program, part of the Partnership for Knowledge Management (PkM) framework, is designed to directly benefit economically productive micro-businesses, primarily in the fashion creative industry subsector, within Bandung city and district. The initiative involves the implementation of digital business simulations and mentoring for local MSMEs. A central component of this effort is a digital application that provides a visual dashboard illustrating market competition based on specific product attributes. This Decision Support System (DSS) assists MSME decision-makers. The collaboration includes Binus University, Mocaca.id, an e-commerce trading platform, and multiple local MSMEs in Bandung, West Java. The initiative's primary goal is to enhance MSME partner empowerment in the competitive business landscape. The project engaged four lecturers and four student interns, contributing to both research and program application development. Beyond its direct impact on businesses, this initiative benefits students and educators while advancing university key performance indicators, particularly in student internships, curriculum enrichment, research output, and institutional recognition (IKU 2, 5, 6, and 7). This partnership underscores the vital role of universities in supporting MSME innovation and competitiveness.
Digital Marketing Strategy to Enhance the Competitiveness of Muslim Fashion SMEs:
Authors: Rahayu Cindy , Christanti Yunitasari , Widjaja Nathanael
Published: May 2024

Tenun Ikat Troso, an indigenous weaving craft originating from Jepara, specifically Troso village, involves the intricate process of weaving fabric from warp and weft threads that are initially tied and dyed using natural pigments. The weaving apparatus employed for this task is the automated power loom (ATBM) (Ismanto, Tamrin, & Pebruary, 2018). The enterprising Mrs. Rahayu, who owns UMKM Yabunaya Muslim Store, embarked on her business journey in 2017. She ventured into both selling and personally manufacturing modest dresses, utilizing an assortment of Indonesian textiles, including batik prints, stamped batik (batik cap), hand-drawn batik (batik tulis), a fusion of stamped and hand-drawn batik, and handwoven fabrics created using traditional weaving tools. Mrs. Rahayu, equipped with skills acquired through private fashion courses under the guidance of industry experts at the Susan Budiharjo School (Cikini), financed her endeavors independently without any business partners. Notably, her designs remain authentically original, with no replication of other designer products. UMKM Yabunaya Muslim Store has diversified its fabric sourcing, encompassing batik fabrics from Solo, Riau, Madura, Pekalongan, Kebumen, woven fabrics from Troso, Jepara, and sasirangan fabrics from Kalimantan. The store has successfully produced approximately 60 sets of batik, Troso woven fabrics, and sasirangan dresses. Mrs. Rahayu has actively participated in exhibitions and bazaars, maintaining a strong online presence through Google My Business, while also effectively marketing her products on platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and various other social media channels.
Iron deficiency, anemia and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kachnov V. A. , Tyrenko V. V. , Bratilova E. S. , Koltsov A. V.
Published: May 2024

Anemia and iron deficiency are common in cardiovascular diseases. The most studied issue is iron deficiency and anemia in patients with heart failure, for whom clear clinical guidelines have been developed. Atrial fibrillation is the most common supraventricular tachyarrhythmia and is characterized by a growing prevalence worldwide. At the same time, iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common diseases in the world, and iron deficiency is the cause of up to 80% of anemia in the adult population. The mutual influence of these two nosological units is currently insufficiently studied. In this regard, the study of the mutual effects of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and atrial fibrillation and the justification of the need for drug correction of iron deficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation is an extremely actual problem. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the effect of iron deficiency on the possibility of atrial fibrillation are quite multifaceted. Among these mechanisms can be distinguished: the effect of iron deficiency on the mitochondrial level, on the cardiomyocyte, on heart function and on the organismal level. At the same time, atrial fibrillation can contribute to the development of iron deficiency. The comorbid course of iron deficiency and atrial fibrillation potentiates the clinical manifestations of each other and reduces the quality of life. The effect of correction of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with atrial fibrillation is currently insufficiently studied to formulate practical recommendations. However, it can be assumed that the treatment of iron deficiency in atrial fibrillation will lead to a reduction in symptoms, an improvement in the quality of life and a decrease in the frequency of hospitalizations.
A rare oncological disease in a child with manifestation in the ENT organs
Authors: Andrianov A. V. , Drozdova M. V. , Alekseenko S. I. , Vasilyeva A. A. , Spichak D. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Diseases of the nose, paranasal sinuses and upper respiratory tract occupy a leading place in the structure of acute pathology in children of all ages. This also applies to adenotonsillar problems in children. Oncological diseases in children are quite rare, especially those localized in the ENT organs. It must be remembered that under the guise of acute ENT pathology and adenotonsillar problems, quite rare diseases, including cancer, can be hidden. A complaint of difficulty in nasal breathing may be the only manifestation of this pathology. The doctor’s task is to identify cancer pathology at the earliest possible stage. The main methods for differential diagnosis are x-ray and endoscopic examination, regardless of age. Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a group of systemic diseases that are inherited. Refers to phakomatoses. Features include disturbances in the formation of systems of ectodermal and mesodermal origin. The skin, nervous and skeletal systems are most often affected. The formation of the development of malignant neoplasms is characteristic. The disease is rare but results in a greater cancer burden on the nervous system than any other neoplastic disease. In this regard, tumor formations may have different localization and clinical manifestations. The disease affects multiple systems with cutaneous, neurological and orthopedic manifestations that lead to disability or mortality of the patient. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate a rare oncological disease – neurofibromatosis, the first manifestations of which were manifestations in the ENT organs of a 6-year-old child with a family history. The interest of the presented clinical case lies in the rare localization of neurofibroma with localization in the structures of the neck with the involvement of the pharynx, larynx, mediastinum, and neck vessels.
The GERD-caused middle ear mucous membrane transformation features in chronic otitis media with effusion
Authors: Komarov M. V. , Fedotova A. A. , Bezrukova E. V. , Galeev R F.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) is a middle ear disease, characterized by mucous effusion accumulation in its structures. One of the important COME formation mechanism is gastric reflux. Gastric contents reflux into the tympanic cavity which contributes to the irreversible transformation of its mucous membrane.

Aim. To substantiate the significance of the gastric reflux in the middle ear mucosa fibrous remodeling.

Materials and methods. The study included 96 people diagnosed with COME and concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 54 women and 42 men, in the age range from 18 to 65 years (mean age 51.4 years). All patients underwent tympanostomy tube installation and supervised by an otolaryngologist during 12 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on their consent to GERD therapy. The conservative treatment of COME and GERD was carried out in accordance with established and current medical care standards and clinical guidelines for the relevant nosology.

Results and discussion. 14 days after the tympanostomy, the otorrhea decrease was noted in 31 (75.6%) of the main group and 31 (56.6%) participants in the comparison group (n = 96).

By the end of 12 months observation a positive disease outcome such as exudation reduction and complete tympanic membrane repair was recorded in 35 (83.3%) and 25 (62.5%) patients of both groups respectively (n = 82).

Patients with a mixed 34 (35.4%) and non-acid 11 (11.5%) types of reflux showed worse disease outcome rates, just like in patients with COME who delayed GERD treatment 8 (8.3%).

Conclusions. The combination of infectious agent exposure causes an active mucous membrane exudation in the disease early stages with mixed and non-acid gastric reflux leads to mucous membrane middle ear fibrous remodeling. It has also been established that an unsuccessful COME treatment duration aggravates the outcome of the disease in the absence of GERD therapy.
Symptomatic therapy for acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pharynx
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Morozova S. V. , Kozlova L. A.
Published: May 2024

Improving the effectiveness of treatment of patients with acute infectious and inflammatory pharyngeal diseases remains one of the topical issues facing the modern healthcare practice covering otorhinolaryngology, paediatrics and internal medicine sectors. The authors described the clinical picture of acute tonsillopharyngitis of various origin, and pharyngeal presentations in novel coronavirus infection. The article summarizes the modern principles of topical and systemic therapy in infectious and inflammatory pharyngeal pathology according to different etiological factors. Expedience of using topical antiseptic drugs as symptomatic therapy has been substantiated. The article examines in detail topical drugs that allow to achieve the maximum active substance concentration of the site of inflammation without systemic effect on the patient. The therapeutic options of topical antiseptic drugs are demonstrated using the example of Faringazon (active substance – ambazon) with local bacteriostatic effects against gram-positive microorganisms: Streptococcus haemolyticus, Streptococcus viridans, Pneumococcus. Most patients with inflammatory pharyngeal diseases do not require systemic antimicrobial therapy, therefore the local effect that can relieve local symptoms of the disease, return the pharyngoscopic picture to normal and improve patients’ general well-being is the main method of treatment. Symptomatic topical therapy as a component of care bundle for acute infectious and inflammatory pharyngeal diseases can significantly ease patients’ condition, reduce the intensity of pain syndrome and accelerate the eradication of pathogens. The use of Faringazon in wide clinical practice is justified owing to its efficiency and ease of administration. It is necessary to emphasize that Faringazon does not cause GI side effects. Exceptions are cases when the patients have individual intolerance to the active substance.
Endocrinological aspects of gout
Authors: Panevin T. S. , Kareva E. N.
Published: May 2024

Gout is the most common inflammatory joint disease, and its incidence increases with age and the presence of certain diseases, primarily obesity and chronic kidney disease, as well as while taking certain medications. Treatment of a patient with gout requires the interaction of a rheumatologist, cardiologist and endocrinologist, and even better, a well-trained therapist who is able to independently supervise gout-related diseases without the involvement of specialized specialists. This review was written to highlight current data on the most common endocrinopathies in gout for practitioners. The data presented indicate the existence of a relationship between gout and various endocrine diseases. The most important aspect is the presence of metabolic syndrome in most patients with gout, the treatment of which also requires taking into account the effect of prescribed drugs on purine metabolism. On the other hand, effects on certain endocrinological diseases can lead to improved purine metabolism. It has been shown that weight loss, including through bariatric means, is accompanied by a decrease in uric acid levels and may be accompanied by a decrease in the need for urate-lowering therapy. Most glucose-lowering drugs affect purine metabolism, and the presence of concomitant gout may determine the specific choice of antidiabetic therapy. Menopause is characterized by an increase in uric acid levels and the incidence of gout. At the same time, the use of menopausal hormone therapy may be accompanied by both a decrease in uric acid levels and the risk of developing gout. Despite the fact that an increase in testosterone levels in men is positively correlated with uric acid levels, its deficiency is accompanied not by a decrease, but by an increase in uric acid levels.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in the treatment of chronic heart failure: new evidence
Authors: Larina V. N. , Leonova M. V.
Published: May 2024

Rational pharmacotherapy for chronic heart failure (HF) remains a relevant issue due to the unfavorable prognosis. Several major studies have confirmed the beneficial effect on reducing hospitalization rates and mortality of modern disease-modifying therapy, including sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors or gliflozins), considered first-line therapy regardless of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and diabetes mellitus in HF patients. The review presents the studied mechanisms of action of this group of drugs in HF, including metabolic, hemodynamic, and other pleiotropic effects, through which SGLT-2 inhibitors prevent the development and progression of HF with different LVEF. The possibilities of the influence of SGLT-2 inhibitors on clinical symptoms and quality of life of HF patients are discussed, as well as the change in the level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as a target for rational clinical use justification. The concept of quadruple therapy, depending on the clinical situation, is presented, the basis of which is the rapid and simultaneous initiation of a combina-

Rational pharmacotherapy for chronic heart failure (HF) remains a relevant issue due to the unfavorable prognosis. Several major studies have confirmed the beneficial effect on reducing hospitalization rates and mortality of modern disease-modifying therapy, including sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors or gliflozins), considered first-line therapy regardless of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and diabetes mellitus in HF patients. The review presents the studied mechanisms of action of this group of drugs in HF, including metabolic, hemodynamic, and other pleiotropic effects, through which SGLT-2 inhibitors prevent the development and progression of HF with different LVEF. The possibilities of the influence of SGLT-2 inhibitors on clinical symptoms and quality of life of HF patients are discussed, as well as the change in the level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as a target for rational clinical use justification. The concept of quadruple therapy, depending on the clinical situation, is presented, the basis of which is the rapid and simultaneous initiation of a combination of major life-saving drug groups (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors / sacubitril + valsartan, SGLT-2 inhibitors, beta-blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists), aimed at improving the clinical condition and prognosis. Thus, a modern, effective approach to managing patients with HF and different LVEF necessarily includes the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, which have sufficient evidence for their use in this category of patients.
Metabolic activity of the colon microbiota in patients with obesity (pilot research)
Authors: Dushina T. S. , Suplotova L. A. , Klyashev S. M. , Fedoseeva N. N.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The global economic and social burden of obesity requires a clear understanding of the causes and underlying factors contributing to its development which will allow to develop and implement effectively the potential therapeutic pathways to direct influence on the pathology. Recently, in the pathogenesis of obesity, great attention is paid to the state and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, its main interaction with men is performed through short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) – biologically active substances being formed during the anaerobic fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates.

Aim. To assess the metabolic activity of the colon microbiota, in terms of quantity and proportion of short-chain fatty acid levels in young obese patients taking into account the degree of obesity in comparison with healthy individuals.

Materials and methods. 87 obese patients and 31 subjects with the normal body weight were included in the study. All study participants met the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent. In addition to filling out a questionnaire specially designed for the goals and objectives of this study, anthropometric measurements were carried out and the level of SCFAs in feces was determined with the help of gas-liquid chromatography usingChromos GC-1000 equipment in the independent INVITRO laboratory.

Results. Young obese patients have a higher concentration of SCFAs and SCFA isoforms in feces compared to healthy individuals, while it is statistically significantly higher in the group of patients with BMI more than 40 kg/m2. The proportion of acetate was statistically significantly higher in the normal weight group, while the proportion of propionate was higher in the obese group. No statistical differences were found regarding the proportion of butyrate. In addition, the associations of SCFAs with anthropometric parameters were identified.

Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the possible role of SCFA in in pathogenesis of obesity.
Heart failure phenotypes and clinical and laboratory features of patients with type 2 diabetes in inpatient endocrinology and cardiology practice
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Izmaylova M. Ya.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes is a generally recognized risk factor for the development of not only ASCVD, microvascular complications, but also CHF.

Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of CHF phenotypes and clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes who are hospitalized in the endocrinology and cardiology departments.

Materials and methods. A total of 107 patients with T2DM was included in the analysis. All patients were examined in accordance with the standards and procedures for providing medical care, followed by evaluation of clinical, laboratory and instrumental indicators.

Results. The average age of these patients was 69.7 ± 9.12 years, the age of onset of type 2 diabetes was 58.9 ± 10 years, the duration of diabetes was 6.5 [4; 17] years. When analyzing the main metabolic parameters, the average HbA1c was 8.18 ± 1.72%, BMI 32 [29; 38] kg/m2. The predominant number of patients with type 2 diabetes had a CHF phenotype with preserved ejection fraction, the proportion of which was 68.22%, 19.63% had HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction and 12.15% – heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Conclusions. The population of patients with type 2 diabetes and CHF, regardless of the specialty of the department, was characterized by a lack of targeted compensation for type 2 diabetes, IR, obesity and a high prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. In the endocrinology department, patients significantly more often had a restrictive phenotype of HF and was characterized by a moderate increase in NTproBNP, with a reduced eGFR, were female, of an older age category, with longer duration of diabetes and higher HbA1c levels. All this dictates the high need for integrating SGLT2 inhibitors into patient management regimens. In the cardiology department, a high frequency of the dilated phenotype of CHF with low EF and ischemic heart disease was observed against the background of significantly increased NTproBNP values, significantly more often in males, middle age, with a short duration of diabetes. According to the standards of medical care, such patients require quadruple therapy, one of the mandatory components of which will be iSGLT 2 type.
Evaluation of urate-lowering efficacy of isolated and combined use of febuxostat and empagliflozin in patients with gout and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OPORA Clinical Trial)
Authors: Salukhov V. V. , Mazurov V. I. , Novikov I. I. , Minakov A. A. , Reut D. M. , Bashkinov R. A.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Given the increasing frequency of the association of gout and type 2 diabetes, it is necessary to study the impact of modern therapy on their course.

Aim. To evaluate the influence of isolated and combined use of febuxostat and empagliflozin on metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in patients with gout and type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods. The “OPORA” study included 120 men aged 40–65 years with the simultaneous presence of gout and type 2 diabetes. The subjects were randomized into 3 groups (n = 40): group 1 (F), receiving febuxostat 80 mg/day; group 2 (E) – empagliflozin 25 mg/day; group 3 (FE) – combination of drugs febuxostat 80 mg/day + empagliflozin 25 mg/day. The studied parameters were analyzed before the appointment of therapy and after 12 weeks of treatment.

Results. The decrease in uric acid levels was most significant in group 1 (F) (Δ = 22.3%, p < 0.01). The most pronounced decrease in glucose levels was achieved in group 2 (E) (Δ = 32.2%, p < 0.01) and group 3 (FE) (Δ = 21.6%, p < 0.01). In group 3 (FE) a more significant decrease in insulin levels was revealed (Δ = 26.2%, p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (Δ = 23.0%, p < 0.01) after 3 months. The most significant increase in the level of adiponectin and decrease in the level of leptin was noted in group 3 (FE), p < 0.01. The greatest effect in reducing indicators characterizing inflammation was observed in group 3 (PE) in the form of a significant decrease in the levels of ESR, CRP, TNF-a. After 12 weeks, a decrease in body weight of ~3 kg was noted in groups 2 (E) and 3 (FE).

Conclusions. The combination of febuxostat and empagliflozin has an additive effect in positively influencing inflammatory markers and adiponectin levels, without mutual attenuation of urateand glucose-lowering effects.
Cardiovascular disease and sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Koteshkova O. M. , Antsiferov M. B. , Antsiferova D. M. , Golubeva Yu. V. , Demidov N. A.
Published: May 2024

The article provides information on concomitant conditions of type 2 diabetes mellitus such as cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea syndrome. Questions about the types of sleep breathing disorders and factors predisposing to this condition are discussed. Data on the prevalence of sleep apnea in the world are demonstrated. The main approaches to the diagnosis of this condition are shown. Differences in therapy approaches for obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea have been demonstrated. The issues of the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases are considered. The data of clinical studies evaluating the relationship of sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases are presented. Their mutually aggravating influence is shown. Information is provided on the effect of sleep apnea on the main clinical outcomes according to clinical research data. The relationship between sleep apnea and heart failure is discussed. The main issues of the inflammatory profile of sleep apnea are discussed, which are closely related to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes and include: macrophage recruitment and inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, chemokines and cytokines such as interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear kappa factor B, as well as adhesion molecules such as selectins, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and intracellular vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant factors. These factors contribute to the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Special attention is paid in the publication to the discussion of the main factors predisposing to the development of sleep apnea in heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The data on the main diagnostic tests for patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes are presented. Information is provided on the use of drugs from the group of sodiumglucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea syndrome. Reasonable recommendations on the use of these drugs are presented, taking into account the modern strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Disposable Pipette Extraction Followed by Direct MS/MS Analysis of Beta Amyloid Peptides (Aβ38, Aβ40, and Aβ42) in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples
Authors: Grecco Caroline , Crevelin Eduardo José , Tumas Vitor , Hallak Jaime Eduardo , Queiroz Maria Eugênia
Published: May 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. This study demonstrates the direct association of the disposable pipette extraction (DPX) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the analysis of Aβ peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Different parameters were optimized in order to improve detectability in the MS/MS including mobile phase percentage of ammonium hydroxide, mobile phase flow rate and acquisition mode. Also, this method used an electrospray ionization (ESI) low-flow probe and direct infusion of an organic solution in the MS/MS. The DPX-MS/MS method showed adequate linearity for determining Aβ peptides in CSF-linearity ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 ng mL-1. The coefficients of determination were higher than 0.99; the precision coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 0.3 to 12.7%; and the accuracy relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from -13.6 to 13.2%.
Exploring urban runoff complexity: road-deposited sediment wash-off mechanisms and dynamics of constraints
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , You Zai-Jin , Idrees Muhammad Bilal , Ali Shoaib , Buttar Noman Ali
Published: May 2024

To accurately figure out how much pollution comes from urban surface runoff and take steps to protect receiving water, we needed to fully understand how road-deposited sediments (RDS) wash off. Our research indicates that particles smaller than 100 μm imparted 59–73% of the wash-off load. Two instances of natural rainfall reduced the aggregate RDS mass by approximately 27–36%. On days without rain, the RDS particle shrank in size, but it became heavier after a downpour. The results showed that the source restricted the tiny particles washed off of RDS, while transport generally restricted the heavier particles washed off. We used 39 artificial rainfall events with different particle sizes to confirm our results on RDS wash-off. When compared to the heavier particles, tiny particles have a greater wash-off percentage, and when it comes to describing the wash-off mechanism, Fw values offer an inventive and insightful assessment. It has been assessed that tiny particles were source-restricted and this mechanism occurred during the initial stage, but heavier particles were transport-restricted and it occurred during the late stage.
Characteristics and causes of water level variations in the Chenglingji–Jiujiang reach of the Yangtze River following the operation of the Three Gorges Dam
Authors: Zhang Guangyue , Tan Guangming , Zhang Wei , Chai Yuanfang , Wang Jingwen , Yin Zhi , Hu Yong
Published: May 2024

Water level adjustment downstream of dams significantly impacts river regimes and flood control. However, due to constant strong scouring, our quantitative understanding of the characteristics of water level variations and their causes in the Chenglingji–Jiujiang Reach of the Yangtze River remains limited. Here, we analyzed the water level change trend via the Mann–Kendall method and analyzed geomorphic change and river resistance using 406 cross-sectional profiles as well as data on discharge and water levels from 1991 to 2022. Results showed that the critical conversion discharges (CCD) in the Chenglingji-Hankou Reach and the Hankou-Jiujiang Reach were approximately 35,000 and 30,000 m3/s, respectively, after the operation of the Three Gorges Dam. The water level exhibited an overall decline mainly due to river erosion when the discharge was lower than the CCD. The water level exhibited a nonsignificant upward trend mainly due to increased river resistance (7–20%) when the discharge was higher than the CCD. The obvious increase in the floodwater level in individual years was caused by the effect of downstream water level increase. Our findings further the understanding of downstream geomorphic response to dam operation and their impacts on water levels and have important implications for flood management in such rivers worldwide.
Comparison and evaluation of hydrologic performance of satellite, reanalysis and climate model-based precipitation products in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Abdulahi Salih Duri , Husen Sead Burhan , Muleta Alemayehu Hirko
Published: May 2024

Some open-source precipitation products offer viable options for hydrological simulation in the absence/limited rain gauge station networks. This study examined the hydrologic performance of reanalysis (CFSR), satellite (CHIRPS) and regional climate model (RACMO22T) based precipitation estimates through Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model. The performance of these precipitation products were evaluated by the graphical and statistical indices such as coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percentage of bias (PBIAS), and mean square error (RMSE) at daily and monthly scales. RACMO22T precipitation product was competent based on all the evaluation statistical indices criteria to simulate flow whereas; CHIRPS and CFSR were unsatisfactory based on the PBIAS and RSME. Flow duration curves indicated that, RACMO22T was able to better estimate high, medium and low flow than CHIRPS and CFSR. The outcome suggested that, RACMO22T is thought to be a more feasible option for the hydrologic simulation than CHIRPS and CFSR in the UARB. Furthermore, the hydrologic performance was improved on monthly scales compared with daily for all precipitation products. The study therefore, suggested that the use of regional climate model-based precipitation products for hydrologic simulation would be of great benefit considering the difficulties in accessing data across and similar basin.
Interplay of natural and anthropogenic inputs on the groundwater contamination of Beenaganj-Chachura block
Authors: Murthy Yogesh , Ahirwar Sanjeev Kumar , Samaiya Nitin Kumar
Published: May 2024

The present research work investigates the impact of natural and anthropogenic inputs on the chemistry and quality of the groundwater in the Beenaganj-Chachura block of Madhya Pradesh, India. A total of 50 groundwater samples were examined for nitrates, fluoride, chlorides, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, pH, total hardness, and conductivity, and their impact on entropy-weighted water quality index and pollution index of groundwater (PIG) was investigated via the response surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design. According to analytical findings, Ca, Mg, Cl−, SO42−, and NO3− exceed the desired limit and permitted limit set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and the World Health Organization (WHO). According to PIG findings, 76, 16, and 8% of groundwater samples, respectively, fell into the insignificant, low, and moderate pollution categories. The regression coefficients of the quadratic RSM models for the experimental data provided excellent results. Thus, RSM provides an excellent means to obtain the optimized values of input parameters to minimize the PIG values.
Assessment of the functional reliability of branches of PAO Rosseti
Authors: Naumov I. V. , Podyachikh S. V. , Polkovskaya M. N. , Sheryazov S. K. , Bastron A. V.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an analysis of emergency situation dynamics in the electrical networks of the Unified Energy System (UES) of Russia for the period between 2014 and 2021. The software algorithms developed by the authors were used for approximating a series of emergency outages. These algorithms were used to calculate and visualise the examined indicators. Methods of correlation and regression analysis were used to calculate the autoregressive parameters and trend equations used to predict emergency outages. The paper discusses the emergency dynamics modes in the largest Russian grid companies with voltages of 110 kV and above. The authors analyse data on the occurrence of emergency situations in 23 electric grid associations that are part of the UES of Russia for the period between 2014 and 2021. The percentages of accidents at the largest electrical network facilities were determined, taking into account their length, as well as the seasonal characteristics of the territories that the power lines run through. In addition, data on the deterioration of the key network elements, as well as federal investments in the development of the examined company were taken into account. According to the findings, a specific indicator that depends on the length of the networks and the quality of maintenance organization should be regarded as the most reliable assessment of the actual state of faulty electrical networks. An assessment of the deterioration level of the examined networks showed that the greatest deterioration is observed in PAO Rosseti Ural (Yekaterinburg, Russia) (more than 60%), while the lowest deterioration is observed in JSC Rosseti Yantar (25%) (Kaliningrad, Russia). When assessing the seasonal component as one of the accident criteria, it was established that the greatest damage occurs in the summer period, i.e., in June, July, and August. It was revealed that the autoregression and trend equations can be used to predict the examined indicators in the short term.
LMNB1/CDKN1A Signaling Regulates the Cell Cycle and Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Gao Dute , Guo Huahu , Liu Zhaochen , Bao Liang , Li Suxin , Wang Yunchao , Qiu Jiange , jiang Binghua , Dang Xiaowei
Published: May 2024

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies
in the world. Lamin B1 (LMNB1) is a key component of the nuclear skeleton structure. Recent
studies have found that LMNB1 is overexpressed in tumor tissues and is associated with the
prognosis of patients. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear in HCC.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the clinical significance and molecular mechanisms of LMNB1
in HCC.

Methods:

The expression level of LMNB1 and its clinical values were analyzed with public
databases, and the level of LMNB1 in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was confirmed by
qRT-PCR and IHC. Functional assays were conducted to explore the impact of LMNB1 knockdown
on cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, Genes and Genomes enrichment
analysis, recovery analysis, and ChIP assays were employed to investigate its underlying molecular
mechanisms. Finally, we carried out an analysis of the relationship between LMNB1 and immune
cell infiltration in HCC.

Results:

LMNB1 was found to be overexpressed in HCC and correlated with the pathological
stage and unfavorable prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that LMNB1 promotes HCC proliferation
both in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that LMNB1 promotes the progression
of HCC by regulating CDKN1A expression. Furthermore, the infiltration of immune cells in
HCC tissues suggests a potential correlation between immune infiltration cell markers and the expression
of LMNB1.

result:

LMNB1 was found to be overexpressed in HCC and correlated with the pathological stage and unfavorable prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that LMNB1 promotes HCC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that LMNB1 promotes the progression of HCC by regulating CDKN1A expression, Furthermore, the infiltration of immune cells in HCC tissues suggests a potential correlation between immune infiltration cell markers and the expression of LMNB1.

Conclusions:

LMNB1 emerged as a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for
HCC, with its expression showing a correlation with several immune infiltration cell markers.
Kartogenin Induces Chondrogenesis in Cartilage Progenitor Cells and Attenuates Cell Hypertrophy in Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells
Authors: Yang Daniel S. , Trivedi Jay , Betensky Daniel , Desai Salomi , Owens Brett D. , Jayasuriya Chathuraka T.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Kartogenin (KGN) is a synthetic small molecule that stimulates chondrogenic
cellular differentiation by activating smad-4/5 pathways. KGN has been proposed as a feasible
alternative to expensive biologic growth factors, such as transforming growth factor β, which
remain under strict regulatory scrutiny when it comes to use in patients.

Method:

This study reports the previously unexplored effects of KGN stimulation on cartilage-
derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (CPCs), which have been shown to be effective in applications
of cell-based musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. Our findings demonstrate that KGN
treatment significantly increased markers of chondrogenesis, SOX9 and COL2 following 3-10
days of treatment in human CPCs.

Result:

KGN treatment also resulted in a significant dose-dependent increase in GAG production
in CPCs. The same efficacy was not observed in human marrow-derived stromal cells (BM-MSCs);
however, KGN significantly reduced mRNA expression of cell hypertrophy markers, COL10
and MMP13, in BM-MSCs. Parallel to these mRNA expression results, KGN led to a significant
decrease in protein levels of MMP-13 both at 0-5 days and 5-10 days following KGN treatment.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study demonstrates that KGN can boost the chondrogenicity of
CPCs and inhibit hypertrophic terminal differentiation of BM-MSCs.
PIPR Machine Learning Model: Obesity Impact Analysis
Authors: Vairachilai Shenbagavel , Periyanayagi Shanmugasundaram , Raja Soosaimarian Peter Raj
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Obesity is a prevalent and multifaceted health hazard globally, necessitating effective predictive models to mitigate its impact on chronic diseases.

Methods

This paper introduces the Protein Food Item Prediction Regression (PIPR) model, employing machine learning techniques to analyze the influence of protein-rich foods on obesity. The model undergoes rigorous preprocessing and iterative refinement to identify correlated variables and predict obesity trends.

Results

The PIPR model demonstrates superior performance in predicting obesity trends, showcasing lower error rates and high adjusted R2 values. For instance, for the most correlated variables like Meat and Milk (including butter), the model exhibits impressive performance with an MSE of 49.59, RMSE of 7.04, MAE of 5.08, and MAPE of 29%. Similarly, for the least correlated variables like oil crops and vegetable products, the PIPR model maintains excellence with an MSE of 52.51, RMSE of 7.24, MAE of 5.39, and MAPE of 31%.

Conclusion

The PIPR model emerges as a promising tool for understanding and addressing obesity's complexities, offering valuable insights into dietary patterns and potential interventions. Further research and validation could enhance its applicability and effectiveness in combating obesity on a global scale.
Lateral Antrostomy Integrated with Digital Approach (LAIDA): A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Speroni Stefano , Rapani Antonio , Zotti Matteo , Miceli Benedetta , Stacchi Claudio
Published: May 2024

Background

Traditionally, surgeons rely on manual measurements to translate pre-surgical plans into clinical reality during sinus floor elevation with a lateral approach. Standardizing this surgical phase could offer a reproducible technique minimizing operational errors and ensuring more consistent and predictable outcomes.

Objective

This case report presents a comprehensive digital approach integrating lateral antrostomy (LAIDA) for the elevation of the maxillary sinus floor.

Case Presentation

Lateral sinus floor elevation was required for a 61-year-old patient. A detailed digital protocol, integrating artificial intelligence, was employed to create a tooth-supported surgical guide for antrostomy. Under local anaesthesia, a full-thickness flap was elevated to expose the lateral sinus wall. The surgical guide was accurately positioned, and the antrostomy area was marked on the bone wall. The bony window was then performed using round diamond burs, and the Schneiderian membrane was gently lifted until the medial wall of the sinus was exposed. The sub-antral space was filled with a composite graft, and three implants were placed using the same surgical guide. The antrostomy was covered using a resorbable collagen membrane, and flaps were sutured with synthetic monofilament. No intra- and post-operative complications were recorded.

Conclusion

Accurate antrostomy planning and execution are crucial, considering factors, like sinus floor location, presence of alveolar-antral artery, and Underwood septa. The present study emphasizes the benefits of a standardized approach using a 3D-printed surgical guide, aiding real-time visualization of the predetermined bony window during surgery. The LAIDA workflow may help in minimizing intra-operative complications, enhancing patient comfort and improving surgical outcomes.
Normativa centro histórico: definición y salvaguarda del patrimonio urbano. Caso ciudad de Tepic, Nayarit, México
Authors: De la Torre Dávalos Alexis Antonio
Published: May 2024

En diversos países el concepto de centro histórico se ha posicionado a la vanguardia para la protección del patrimonio urbano. Sin embargo, ello es interpretado y definido según necesidades y expectativas planteadas en el presente. De tal suerte, el artículo postula el objetivo de analizar el marco normativo en torno al centro histórico para la definición y salvaguarda del patrimonio urbano, a partir del caso de la ciudad de Tepic, Nayarit, México. Es establecida una metodología que parte del análisis a nivel de legislación federal y estatal que cierra con los planes y reglamentos municipales. Se concluye que la interpretación normativa del patrimonio cultural mexicano no es compartida por los diferentes niveles de gobierno, generando conflictos que inciden de manera directa en la particular configuración material y espacial de los centros históricos.
Dra. Ileana Vásquez De la Torre
Authors: Hayakawa Casas José
Published: May 2024

Arquitecta, Universidad Central de Venezuela (1980). Especialista en estudio y restauración de Monumentos, Universidad de Roma “La Sapienza” (1987). Consultora y asesora. Arquitecto restaurador en Dirección de Patrimonio Cultural, Consejo Nacional de la Cultura (1988-1993) y en Funreco, , Caracas (1993-1994). Vicepresidente en Corporación Mariano de Talavera del Centro Histórico de Coro, Patrimonio Mundial (1998-1999). Profesora invitada en la Maestría en Restauración de Monumentos (UCV) y otros programas académicos, entre ellos la Maestría de Restauración de Monumentos, Cuenca, Ecuador (2004). Proyectos de restauración de edificaciones, especialmente religiosas y de arquitectura de tierra: Iglesia San Lorenzo Mártir (estado Sucre), Basílica Nuestra Señora del Valle e Iglesia Santa Ana del Norte (Isla de Margarita, estado Nueva Esparta), Templo Parroquial de Macarao (Caracas), entre otros. Investigación sobre bienes culturales, tales como el Inventario de Bienes Inmuebles (Conac 1990-1993), y el Diagnóstico de Casa de la Hacienda La Trinidad (Maracay, 2003). Participa en Plan de Gestión Turístico Patrimonial La Asunción (Nueva Esparta, 2006). Asesorías a instituciones como Fundapatrimonio, el Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural y FundaCurucay. Miembro de Icomos, presidente del Comité Nacional 1997-2009. Miembro de Icofort, comunicaciones en eventos nacionales e internacionales. Desde 2011 trabaja en la conservación de la Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, sitio del Patrimonio Mundial.