bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
posição dos juristas na divisão do trabalho e suas ilusões em A Ideologia Alemã
Authors: Machado Gabriel Müller de Jesus Pinheiro
Published: June 2022

A partir das considerações de José Chasin acerca da análise imanente dos objetos, este breve artigo intenta abordar o tratamento dado por Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels aos juristas em sua obra “A Ideologia Alemã”, redigida em 1845-6. Com ênfase na configuração que a divisão do trabalho adquire na sociedade civil-burguesa, demonstra-se como a posição social e a subsequente vida prática dos juristas estão na base das ilusões nas quais os mesmos creem, sobretudo com relação à vontade e suas potencialidades. O artigo encerra suas reflexões com a exposição da perspectiva comunista de como suprimir tais ilusões, não por um combate hipostasiado das mesmas, mas pela supressão das relações materiais que necessariamente as engendram, processo este que corresponde à construção das bases reais para a existência de indivíduos multifacetados.
Zmiany postaw przedsiębiorczych młodzieży w zależności od miejsca zamieszkania w latach 2017 – 2021
Authors: Gano Ewa , Łuczka Teresa
Published: June 2022

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka postaw przedsiębiorczych młodych ludzi analizowana pod względem miejsca zamieszkania oraz wskazanie zmian, jakie nastąpiły w latach 2017–2021. Postawy te zbadano z punktu widzenia samooceny oraz barier i czynników motywujących młodych ludzi do podejmowania własnej działalności gospodarczej.
PROBLEM i METODY BADAWCZE: W artykule wykorzystano wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych wśród młodych ludzi w wieku od 18. do 25. roku życia w 2017 oraz 2021 roku, przeprowadzonych za pomocą ankiet, przyjmując kryterium miejsca zamieszkania. Wyniki badań przedstawione zostały w formie wykresów oraz tabeli, wykorzystując narzędzia statystyczne do charakterystyki badanych czynników.
PROCES WYWODU: W pierwszej części artykułu dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu poświęconej postawom przedsiębiorczym oraz wykorzystano dane statystyczne publikowane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny – Aktywność ekonomiczna ludności Polski, IV kwartał 2020 r., opublikowanych w kwietniu 2021 r. W części empirycznej artykułu zaprezentowano wyniki badań własnych, charakteryzujących wpływ wybranych aspektów na kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych, takich jak: cechy charakterologiczne badanych, ich intencje przedsiębiorcze, a także wskazano bariery i czynniki motywujące rozwój przedsiębiorczości.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że postawy przedsiębiorcze młodych ludzi są zróżnicowane ze względu na kryterium miejsca zamieszkania. Stwierdzono, że nastąpiły określone zmiany w postawach przedsiębiorczych młodzieży w wieku 18–25 lat w latach 2017 i 2021.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Przyjmując kryterium miejsca zamieszkania wskazano istotne różnice w postawach młodych respondentów, co prowadzi do wniosku, że kierunki wsparcia przedsiębiorczości powinny być zróżnicowane ze względu na tę cechę.
Attitudes Toward Inclusion Among Polish Primary School Teachers: A Strategic Factor in Implementing Inclusive Education
Authors: Domagala-Zysk Ewa , Knopik Tomasz
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to determine the dominant attitude toward inclusive education among primary school teachers in Poland and to explain the predictors of this attitude. Research conducted on a group of 71 teachers using the “Attitudes Toward Inclusive Education” questionnaire showed a moderately positive attitude toward inclusive education among teachers, with statistically significant differences between teachers of grades 1 to 3 and 4 to 8. The much more positive attitude among the teachers of lower grades is supported by their richer experience of working with students with special educational needs and their broader competences and qualifications in inclusive education. These results give an important perspective that should be considered when implementing the idea of inclusion in the Polish education system (mainly when preparing teachers for the profession) so as to ensure continuity in supporting the development of all students at every stage of their education – not only in grades 1 to 3.
Reflections by C. S. Lewis on Biblical Narrative as a Literary Phenomenon: The Cathartic Example of the Youth Literary Cycle The Chronicles of Narnia
Authors: Carreira Zafra Cintia
Published: June 2022

This essay provides a detailed exploration of interest in the Bible as a literary phenomenon. We start with Frye’s research in order to analyze academic perspectives that studied the Bible as a form of literary criticism. Among these perspectives, it is worth highlighting those that define biblical narrative as the principal element of the Western imaginative tradition. This phenomenon builds a set of interrelations that have shaped our specific literary tradition, imbuing it with this symbiosis between sacred and profane influences. Moving on to a second level of interpretation of the question at hand, we examine the encounter between secular and religious literatures as a consequence of the work initiated by Frye. The philological background of the writer C. S. Lewis is key and unprecedented in shedding light on the frontiers between reality and fantasy in the field of literary studies, as exemplified in The Chronicles of Narnia. The Narnia books allow their readers to experience catharsis. This experience  is foundational for the acquisition and cultivation of some character strengths, as the ancient Greek tradition held and put into practice centuries ago.
The State of the Church – Great Diplomacy of a Small State
Authors: Gregorowicz Dorota
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the historiographical considerations about if and why one could insert the early modern State of the Church into the concept of a “small state” and, at the same time, what were the reasons for the great diplomatic success of Rome during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The activity of papal diplomacy is shown as primarily focused on affirming the dualistic authority of the early modern Holy See (both as of a secular territorial state and a universal monarchy of religious character). The analysis also concerns the papal attitude of “active neutrality” as a political and diplomatic strategy focused on achieving the papacy’s “international” position. The profile of the paper is historiographical, as it takes from the legacies of Polish, French, German, English and Italian historical science. The enquiry aims to systematise and synthesise the former judgments of historians regarding the nature of the Papal State’s statehood in the context of the pope’s exercise of universal ecclesiastical authority.The permanent apostolic nunciatures, operating since the end of the fifteenth century, have become the core of early modern European diplomacy, guaranteeing Rome its political expansion after the Avignon crisis, despite the economic and military weakness of its territorial basis: the State of the Church. In this sense, the Papal State ceased to be a “small state” and became a universalistic entity of both political and ecclesiastical character. The Roman Curia no longer only played a passive role in “international” relations; on the contrary, thanks to the new system of permanent diplomatic representations at Catholic courts, it had the opportunity to undertake its own political initiative, act as a mediator and arbitrator, as well as strengthen the control over the religious life of European states.
The Effects of a Mentoring Program in Connection with College English Reading and Writing Classes in a Non-Face-to-Face Situation
Authors:   The English Teathers Association in Korea, Kim Gyeonghye , Seong MyeongHee
Published: June 2022

The non-face-to-face curriculum, which began with the COVID-19, has revealed some unexpected problems, including a lack of communication between instructors and learners and poor academic performance. To solve these problems, we studied the effects of the extracurricular course by linking the non-curricular course with the regular subject, English Reading and Writing under non-face-to-face situations. We used a mentoring program as a non-curricular course and gave learners who were learning in a situation separated from the instructors the opportunity to communicate with them. The survey and interviews were used focused on the learners’ satisfaction with a mentoring program, learning outcomes, and the program improvement suggestions. And we found that mentoring enabled one-on-one communication between learners and their instructor.
And also mentoring played a positive role in strengthening learners' English reading ability as the participants' scores in English reading improved significantly after mentoring. Mentoring could be a way to solve the problem of academic decline caused by non-face-to-face classes. The pedagogical implications are suggested in terms of the effective mentoring program.
Remimazolam besylate; overview of a novel benzodiazepine for general anesthesia
Authors: Morimoto Yasuhiro
Published: June 2022

Remimazolam, a novel, ultra-short-acting intravenous anesthetics, belongs to the benzodiazepine class of drugs and was approved for as a general anesthetic. Its pharmacological action is similar to that of midazolam. However, the differences in the metabolic pathway and pharmacokinetic profiles of its metabolites contribute to the faster offset of the action of remimazolam than midazolam. The context-sensitive half time (CSHT) is as short as 6.8 ± 2.4 min. An advantage of remimazolam over other intravenous anesthetics, such as propofol, is the presence of antagonists. Remimazolam-induced sedation is reversed by flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist. Moreover, lower prevalence of injection site pain and less reduction in blood pressure in the are the advantages of remimazolam over propofol. Although our knowledge is limited at present, remimazolam may be useful for general anesthesia. We look forward to the future possibilities of this new anesthetic agent.

Key words: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Benzodiazepine; Remimazolam

Citation: Morimoto Y. Remimazolam besylate; overview of a novel benzodiazepine for general anesthesia. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):277-279; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1819

Received: February 01, 2022; Reviewed: May 04, 2022; Accepted: May 07, 2022
Does authors’ biodata in clinical trials registry affect blind peer review process? For the consideration of medical journal editors
Authors: Mahmood Tahir
Published: June 2022

The clinical trial registry is an important platform to register clinical trials to be conducted, along with all the related information of the study, the institutions involved and the details about the authors. In the author’s opinion, this disclosure of information can effect the blind peer review process. Although medical journal editors try best to evaluate all related information, relationships and conflicts, but the disclosure in trials registry can effect the double-blind review process. This can also effect the reviewer’s decsion and can be a source of bias. The authors of medical journals should consider this to further keep the review process transparent and unbiased.

Key words: Trials registry; Clinical trial; Medical journal; Review; Bias

Citation: Mahmood T. Does authors’ biodata in clinical trials registry affect blind peer review process? For the consideration of medical journal editors. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):280-282.

DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1892

Received: April 05, 2022, Accepted: May 12, 2022
Tramadol vs. pethidine to control perioperative shivering in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a double-blind study
Authors: Yaakop Ahmad Firdaus , Hassan Mohamad Hasyizan , Omar Sanihah CHE , Mazlan Mohd Zulfakar , Mukmin Laila Ab , W. Hassan W. Nazaruddin
Published: June 2022

Background & objective: Perioperative shivering after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is a common and unpleasant complication. Currently pethidine is being used but the search continues to look for other agents with faster action and with fewer side effects. Tramadol is a potential anti-shivering drug with modulation of central thermoregulation.

We compared the efficacy of tramadol versus pethidine in the treatment of perioperative shivering of patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Methodology: After institutional ethical review committee approval, 42 patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, who experienced shivering, were randomized into two groups, Group T (n = 21) received 1 mg/kg tramadol and Group P (n = 21) received 0.5 mg/kg pethidine. The outcome measures included the time taken to cessation of shivering after the medication, recurrence of shivering and the incidence of side effects.

Results: The parturients with mean age 30.2 ± 5.2 y and body mass index (BMI) 29.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2 were recruited with comparable data between the two groups. Median time taken from drug administration until cessation of shivering of the tramadol group was faster than the pethidine group (7 min vs 13 min, P = 0.049). However, there was no significant difference in terms of the number of recurrences of shivering (P = 0.606) and incidence of nausea (P = 0.19) between the two groups.

Conclusion: Intravenous tramadol has faster alleviation of perioperative shivering than intravenous pethidine in the treatment of perioperative shivering.

Key word: Tramadol; Pethidine; Cesarean section; Shivering; Anesthesia, Spinal

Citation: Yaakop AF, Hassan MH, Omar SC, Mazlan MZ, Mukmin LA, Hassan WNW. Tramadol vs pethidine to control perioperative shivering in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a double-blind study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):283-290; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1893

Received: March 15, 2022, Reviewed: March 27, 2022, Accepted: May 09, 2022
Effect of Pilates based exercises for improving pain and physical function in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis –a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: BSPT Nadia Saleem, MSOMPT, , DPT Iqra Waseem, MSMSK, , DPT, Farwah Batool, MSPTM, , DPT Tahir Mahmood, MSPTM, , PPDPT, BSPT Wajeeha Mahmood, MSNMPT,
Published: June 2022

Background and Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) a common wear and tear pathology of joints occurring among females. There is need of exercises regimen is known to be the most appropriate conventional treatment that stop the progression of degeneration. Pilates based exercises are recommended for reduction of the pain and strengthen the peripheral muscles. The Objective was to determine the effects of Pilates based exercises on pain and physical function in women with knee OA.

Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 female patients with knee OA grade II and III, selected randomly and divided into two groups. After baseline evaluation using WOMAC scale, both groups received interventions for 8 weeks, 3 times per week and each session lasting for an hour. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance and independent sample t test significance at p < 0.1 were used.

Results: In the study, 20 females in each group with mean age in Pilates group 57.60 ± 6.34 and in isometrics group was 55.65 ± 7.28. The results showed that both groups differed significantly over the time period of 8 weeks and showed significant improvement for pain and physical function; p < 0.1. When comparing Pilates with isometrics, patients in Pilates group showed significantly better improvement in terms of pain and physical function; p < 0.1.

Conclusion: Pilates based exercises had significant effects in improving physical function and reduction of pain with statistically significant difference compared to Isometric exercises in symptomatic knee OA. Trial Registration Number: Chi CTR 2000030486

Abbreviations: OA – Osteoarthritis; WOMAC - Western Ontario & McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index; ROM - range of motion; QoL - quality of life; PBE - Pilates based exercises

Key Words: Exercise; Isometrics; Knee osteoarthritis; Pilates; Pain; Physical Functions; WOMAC

Citation: Saleem N, Waseem I, Batool F, Mahmood T, Mahmood W. Effect of Pilates based exercises on symptomatic knee osteoarthritis for improving pain and physical function –a randomized controlled clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3): 291-296; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1894

Received: November 21, 2021, Reviewed: February 8, 2022, Accepted: March 7, 2022
The relationship between transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in Jordanian nurses
Authors: MSN Thaira Othman, , RN, MSN, PhD Huthaifah Khrais,
Published: June 2022

Background: Leaders influence and inspire others, develop strategies, organize the work and coordinate resources. Leadership style may affect nurses' performance directly and it may have positive or negative effects on nursing performance. We investigated the relationship between transformational leadership (TL), job satisfaction, and organizational commitment (OC) in Jordanian nurses.

Methods: The study utilized a correlational, cross-sectional design. A sample of 253 registered nurses was recruited using a convenience sampling method from two government hospitals in Jordan. The Global Transformational Leadership (GTL) scale, job satisfaction survey, and Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS) were used to collect the data.

Results: A total of 253 participants completed the study. The results showed that there was a significant and positive association between TL and job satisfaction, (r = 0.297, P = 0.000). There was a positive relationship between TL and OC (r = 0.200, P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Considering the outcomes of the current study, it can be concluded that transformational leadership is one of the important leadership styles that has the potential to support nurses and improved nurses’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment in Jordanian hospitals.

Abbreviations: OC - Organizational commitment; TL - Transformational leadership; GTL - Global Transformational Leadership Scale; JSS - Job Satisfaction Survey; OCS - Organizational Commitment Survey

Keywords: Transformational leadership; Job satisfaction; Organizational commitment; Nurses; Jordan.

Citation: Othman T, Khrais H. The relationship between transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in Jordanian nurses. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):304-309; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1896

Received: November 23, 2021, Reviewed: March 09, 2022, Accepted: March 21, 2022
The role of platelet rich plasma in knee joint pain
Authors: Thursina Cempaka , Hidayati Hanik Badriyah , Yudiyanta Yudiyanta , Pranowo Irfan , Puspamaniar Vania Ayu
Published: June 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder is common worldwide. Pain and loss of function are the main clinical sign in knee joint OA that could come from periosteal nerve stretches, intraosseal hypertension, joint capsule stretches, intra-articular hypertension, ligament stretches, subchondral bone micro fracture, bursitis, and muscle spasm. Current therapy approach focuses on preventing progression and reducing symptoms by using a non-invasive procedure. Non-operative therapeutic intervention, that involves intra-articular injection in the knee joints, plays an important role in OA management.

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a plasma fraction that contains concentrated platelets, has an autologue growth factor and high concentration of proteins that could improve healing process at cellular, tendon, ligament, muscle, as well as bone related tissue injury. Growth factor contained in PRP is responsible for anti-inflammatory effect through its inhibitory effect on Nuclear factor-kB (NFkB) cascade, thus it inhibits the inflammatory mediator production along with decreased COX2 expression.

Roles of PRP towards NFkB deactivation could decrease chondrocyte inflammation, restore anabolic activity, and inhibit monocyte migration that could prevent OA progressivisity and reduce pain. PRP pathophysiology mechanism in healing process has made PRP an option for pain management in knee joint OA.

Abbreviations: OA- Osteoarthritis; PRP - Platelet rich plasma; NFkB - Nuclear factor-kB; COX2 - Cyclooxygenase-2; HGF – Hepatocyte growth factor; TGF-β - Transforming growth factor-β; IGF - Insulin-like growth factor; PDGF - Platelet-derived growth factor; FGF - Fibroblast growth factor; EGF - Epidermal growth factor; VEGF - Vascular endothelial growth factor

Key words: Osteoarthritis knee joint; Platelet rich plasma; Nuclear factor-κB (NFkB); Human; Medicine

Citation: Thursina C, Hidayati HB, Yudiyanta, Pranowo I, Puspamaniar VA. The role of platelet rich plasma in knee joint pain. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(3):405-409. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i3.1906

Received: November 23, 2021, Reviewed: February 12, 2022, Accepted: February 28, 2022
PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN JALAN RABAT BETON UNTUK MENUJU KELOKASI CANDI DESA PATAAN KABUPATEN LAMONGAN
Authors: Rasio Hepiyanto
Published: June 2022

Jalan merupakan sarana transportasi yang utama dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Transportasi terbagi menjadi 3 bagian, yaitu transportasi darat, laut dan udara. Masyarakat sangatlah membutuhkan sarana dalam transportasi, karena dengan transportasi maka akan memudahkan dalam meningkatkan penghasilan masyarakat dan dapat meningkatkan ekonomi dalam suatu daerah, baik oleh masyarakat itu sendiri maupun dapat menambah penghasilan terhadap suatu desa.  Di desa pataan Kabupaten Lamongan terdapat sebuah candi yang peninggalan dari raja Airlangga. Untuk menuju candi tersebut warga atau masyarakat, maupun orang dari luar kota harus menempuh jalan kaki dan jalan tersbut sangatlah naik turun. Jalan apabila musim hujan maka akan sangat sulit dilalui. Maka dibutuhkan perencanaan jalan untuk membangun sebuah jalan. Jalan beton adalah jalan untuk menuju ke lokasi candi, karena dengan kondisi tanah di Lamongan yang bergerak maka dibutukan Jalan dengan type atau model Jalan beton. Perencanaan Jalan beton harus direncanakan DED, dan RAB terlebih dahulu. Perhitungan dari RAB menunjukan Pekerjaan jalan beton untuk menuju candi di desa Pataan membutuhkan anggaran biaya untuk pekerjaannya sebesar Rp. 137.800.000,- (Seratus Tiga Puluh Tujuh Juta Delapan Ratus Ribu Rupiah).
Kata kunci: Jalan, Beton, Candi, Analisa
PENERAPAN VACUUM FOOD PACKAGING UNTUK PENINGKATAN PENJUALAN PADA PENGUSAHA BAKSO DAN MIE “PENGEN MIE” DI DESA MULYOAGUNG KECAMATAN DAU KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Awan Awan , Djoko Hari Praswanto  , Siswi Astuti
Published: June 2022

Bakso dan Pangsit Mie di Kota Malang sudah menjadi makanan khas yang sulit dipisahkan sehingga jajanan in dikenal dengan Bakso dan Pangsit Mie Malang. Dengan semakin banyaknya permintaan akan jajanan kota ini dan kondisi pandemi yang belum juga menentu, banyak pengusaha bakso dan pangsit mie yang mengembangkan usahanya dengan cara pemasaran online dimana bakso dapat dipasarkan diluar kota dengan aman dan higienis dengan memakai packaging yang aman. PENGEN MIE merupakan salah satu pengusaha bakso dan mie di Desa Mulyoagung Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang yang membuat bakso dan pangsit mie sendiri dengan alat seadanya. Karena keterbatasan cara pengemasan usahanya kurang meluas dan tidak bisa dibawah jarak jauh. Pengusaha bakso dan mie “PENGEN MIE” hanya bisa melayani daerah Dau dan sekitarnya. Untuk meningkatkan jumlah konsumen tim abdimas ITN malang mencoba untuk membuatkan alat packaging dan pendampingan yang diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengemas bakso sebagai makanan frozen food secara aman dan higienis disimpan pada suhu dingin (4°C sampai -19°C) sehingga bisa melayani konsumen baik didalam kota maupun diluar kota. Dengan adanya alat pengemas tersebut, dalam waktu satu tahun ini, omzet pedagang mitra meningkat sebesar 20-30%. Peningkatan omzet penjualan tersebut karena adanya kontribusi penjualan pentol dan siomay frozen sebagai produk tambahan dari “PENGEN MIE”
АНАЛІТИЧНИЙ ОГЛЯД ГЕОМЕТРИЧНИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ МАЛОПОТУЖНИХ СОНЯЧНИХ ЕЛЕКТРОСТАНЦІЙ
Authors: Савченко Наталя
Published: June 2022

Децентралізація енергопостачання малопотужних споживачів на сьогодення один з найважливіших питань в Україні. Відновлювальна енергетика все більше набирає обертів у впровадженні і відповідно зростає кількість її прихильників серед побутових споживачів та невеликих домогосподарств. Тому до малопотужних СЕС існує ряд вимог, головні з яких, це по-перше надійність та енергоефективність електропостачання з забезпеченням нормативних показників якості електричної енергії, по-друге мобільність та площа дільниці, яку займає СЕС. Якщо перше питання вирішується досить просто, бо у сучасному світі все досить багато існує технічних рішень сонячних електростанцій, які повністю відповідають поставленим вимогам. А от друге питання потребує і подальших досліджень та розробок. Рішенням проблем зі зменшення займаної площини і одночасно мобільності може слугувати представлення компоновки СЕС у вигляді геометричної фігури.
GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE PRNCR1 GENE AMONG A SAMPLE OF IRAQI PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Kadhim R.I. , Salman E. D.
Published: June 2022

The PRNCR1 gene variant among sample of Prostate Cancer (PCa) Iraqi patients case-control study was used, with PCa patients (n=32) and healthy individual control (n=33). It was successfully identified two SNPs in prostate cancer-associated noncoding RNA-1 (PRNCR-1) gene by using PCR technique and direct sequencing . The first SNP is rs13252298 (A>G) have three genotypes (AA,AG,GG )and the second SNP is rs5013678 (T> C) have three genotypes TT,TC,CC),these genotype frequencies were not in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in patients and controls .It was observed that AG genotype  was more frequent in patients than controls(68.7% vs. 36.4%) with significant difference p<0.01  ,and the estimated OR of such a difference was 3.85 , this value was positive  associated with PCa patients that mean this genotype AG was risk factor for PCa patients, it was also noticed that  G  allele in PCa patients compared with controls(40.6 vs.33.3%)  show not significant difference p>0.05 . It was revealed  that G  allele have  OR=1.16 that mean this allele have positive risk factor for PCa patients .  In conclusion  AG genotype for SNP rs13252298  was associated with PCa patients.
EFFECTS OF PROBIOTIC, PREBIOTIC AND SYMBIOTIC ON BROILER BREEDER PERFORMANCE, EGG PRODUCTION AT DIFFERENT STOCK DENSITY
Authors: AZIZ H. I. , AL-Hawezy D.J.
Published: June 2022

This study was aimed to investigat the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic on the egg production, suitable egg, unsuitable egg and uniformity reread at deferent stock density. A total of 600 broiler breeder Ross 308 (540 female and 60 male) was used in this study for a period of 48 -64 weeks at two levels of stocking density (normal and high stock density). For each stock density birds were fed diet either control diet (T1), standard diet + 0.15g probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces cervisiae) powder/ kg diet (T2), standard diet + 0.15g prebiotic (inulin) powder/ kg diet(T3) and standard diet + 0.15g symbiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces cervisiae+inulin) powder/ kg diet (T4).  Highly significant increase in egg production and suitable egg for dietary additives compared with control group at all weeks of production, but dietary probiotic had significant decrease in unsuitable egg when compared with the controls, however normal density significant increases in egg production and unsuitable egg compared with high density. The probiotic treatments had the lowest body weight variation. It can be concluded that the supplementation of probiotic in the diet of commercial broiler breeder reared under high stocking density had a positive influence on overall suitable egg.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE COMPLEX DISEASE OF Rhizoctonia solani AND ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloidogyne javanica ON CHICKPEA BY Glomus spp. AND Pseudomonas sp.
Authors: Aljuboori Firas K. , Ibrahim B. Y. , Mohamed A. H.
Published: June 2022

Rhizoctonia-Meloidogyne complex disease is a serious problem facing legume production in many countries. The infection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) by pathogens Rhizoctonia solani (R) and Meloidogyne javanica (M) in a single infection or combination causes severe damage to plant growth. The effect of using Glomus spp. (G) and Pseudomonas sp. (P) as a biological control agent against Rhizoctonia- Meloidogyne complex disease was tested and assessed by comparing the growth and disease parameters in infected and control plants. Chickpea growth parameters are characterized by measuring shoot and root length, and fresh and dry weight. The results of using (G) and (P) in a single treatment or in combination showed a decrease in the root gall index and in root rot disease severity when compared to the infected and healthy control treatments. The (M+ R+ G) and (M + R + G + P) combination treatment increased polyphenol oxidase (POD) and peroxidase (PPO) enzyme activity value as well as the total phenols content in treated chickpea roots. The combined effects of (G) and (P) on the pathogens’ progression and the positive effects on chickpea growth parameters are suggested to be involved in efficient disease control.
Estilos de apego e infidelidad. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Martínez Rentería Abril , Del Carpio Ovando Perla Shiomara , Quintero Hernández Yazmín Alejandra
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la posible relación entre los estilos de apego, la infidelidad y la incapacidad de separarse de la pareja después de una experiencia de infidelidad, a pesar del malestar que esta generó. Se realizó una monografía mediante la revisión de la literatura, con especial interés en las teorías sociocognitiva y sistémica del aprendizaje, que destacan que el tipo de relación entre un niño y su cuidador es un posible determinante para el tipo de relación romántica que establecerá en su vida adulta. Esta reflexión teórica pretende aportar a la práctica clínica un conocimiento que pueda fortalecer la capacidad de decisión, autoestima, autoimagen y el empoderamiento de la persona que acude a terapia por no estar conforme con su relación de pareja.
Perfiles de espectadores dentro de la dinámica del hostigamiento escolar (bullying)
Authors: Marín-Martínez Adriana , Orozco Mendoza Mariana , Hamui Waysel Lea , Cruz Zamora Pamela , Velasco Pérez Jimena , Almazán Ochoa Ana Larisa
Published: June 2022

El propósito de la investigación fue identificar los perfiles de espectadores en la dinámica del hostigamiento escolar. Participaron 469 alumnos (50.1% hombres y 49.9% mujeres), de entre 12 a 16 años (M = 13.6; DS = 1.03). Del total de alumnos, el 6.8% se clasificaron como víctimas, 8.6% como agresores, 0.9% como víctimas-agresores y el 83.7% como espectadores. Se llevó a cabo un Análisis de Clases Latentes (ACL) para identificar los perfiles solo de los espectadores, de los cuales 21.5% fueron asistentes de la víctima. El 32.9% se clasificó como indiferentes; mientras que el 45.6% restante fueron defensores de la víctima. A partir de esta información, las autoridades educativas pueden diseñar programas para prevenir y atender el hostigamiento escolar de manera diferenciada.
CRUSH SMEAR'/ 'SQUASH PREPARATION' OF BRAIN TUMORS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY
Authors: Deval Meeta , Aggarwal Sunita , Aggarwal Shilpa , Shinghvi Arpita
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The therapeutic management of brain tumors is based on accurate knowledge of their size, anatomic location in the cranial fossa and
the histologic type with specialized CT and MRI techniques the exact location and extent of tumorile spatial delienation can be well marked,
however the exact nature of lesion can only be ascertained by the microscopic examination of the lesion.Aims:To study the crush cytology of brain
tumors and give provisional or tentative diagnosis about the nature of lesion and to correlate the cytologic appearance of brain tumors with their
histopathological appearance. Material and method: Patients suffering from any form of brain tumor (primary or secondary) of any age and sex
were included in this prospective study comprising of 50cases, admitted in the neuro surgery department of MDM hospital associated to Dr. S.N.
Medical College, Jodhpur. Findings of neurologic examination, CT scan reports and other relevant investigations like haemoglobin, TLC, DLC,
ESR, blood sugar, blood urea, and complete urine examination, were taken into account. Result: As is clear the above table depicting the incidence
of various brain tumors. Astrocytomas were the commonest type of tumors (38%) case in the study followed by meningiomas (32%) case and
medulloblastoma (10%). Case of schwanomma (12%) included the spinal forms also. Conclusion: The crush smear /squash preparation technique
is a very useful and suitable method for the rapid intraoperative diagnosis of brain tumours. It has the advantages of being simple, easy and cost
effective. With increasing experience, of the pathologist in this technique the interpretation of smears becomes more easy and accurate. It can be a
valuable aid, as means of presumptive diagnosis of brain tumours and can supplement the histological sections in difcult cases to conrm or refute
a particular diagnosis.
BRAIN ABSCESS CAUSED BY PARVIMONAS MICRA: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Babu Bhagya , Singh Neha , Sharma Apoorva , Bala Anand Kavita
Published: June 2022

Parvimonas micra are anaerobic gram-positive cocci, usually found in the human oral mucosa. We present a case of cerebral abscess caused by
Parvimonas micra, an infrequent agent for this pathology, in a 03year old male child known case of congenital heart disease (Hypoplastic right heart
with critical pulmonary stenosis operated) and Left dysplastic Kidney. Initially he was conscious, irritable, febrile (102.F), had cyanosis, clubbing,
cervical lymphadenopathy and raised JVP (Jugular Venous Pressure). He was evaluated with MRI Brain which showed left temporo-parietal
abscess. He underwent emergency left temporo-parietal craniotomy and excision of abscess cavity along with Ommaya chamber placement.
Approximately 100ml of abscess was drained sent for culture sensitivity. Postoperatively, he was managed with Intravenous uids,
anticonvulsants, cerebral decongestants and antibiotics (Ceftriaxone and Vancomycin).
Dataset Quality Assessment with Permutation Testing Showcased on Network Traffic Datasets
Authors: Wasielewska Katarzyna , Soukup Dominik , Čejka Tomáš , Camacho Jose
Published: June 2022

Intelligent and autonomous networks require precise and fast mechanisms that ensure error-free and efficient operation. Modern solutions are increasingly based on  artificial intelligence, in particular on machine learning, to reliably process huge amounts of data. Therefore, high-quality datasets are essential to train machine learning models. Unfortunately, the problem of assessing the quality of datasets is very challenging and often overlooked. This paper proposes a method for assessing the dataset quality in the context of binary classification. It is based on permutation testing and examines the strength of the relationship between observations and labels. Experiments carried out on simulated and real network datasets show that the method is sensitive to detect errors/mislabels in the labeled dataset. We also present theoretical considerations justifying our results.
Comparison of Source Localization and Scatterer Modeling in Near-Field Antenna Measurements
Authors: Paulus Alexander , Kornprobst Jonas , Mauermayer Raimund A. M. , Eibert Thomas F.
Published: June 2022

The accuracy of near-field antenna measurements combined with near-field far-field transformations (NFFFT) is deteriorated if objects are located in close vicinity to the antenna under test (AUT). We compare two equivalent sources based modeling techniques to suppress the influence of structures in the vicinity of the AUT. Simulation results for perfect electrically conducting objects showcase the capabilities and limitations of both approaches. The presented methods can easily extend existing NFFFTs in order to remove the influence of mounting structures or parts of the positioning system in anechoic near-field measurement facilities.
Improved Accuracy Combined Source and Magnetic Field Integral Equations with Low-Order Discretization
Authors: Kornprobst Jonas , Eibert Thomas F.
Published: June 2022

A low-order discretization scheme for the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) with considerably improved accuracy is discussed and analyzed. The formulation is based on the classical form of the MFIE discretized with Rao-Wilton-Glisson functions and introduces weak-form basis transformations, which have recently been employed with great success within the context of the so-called combined source integral equation. Only the identity operator discretization, which is known to be a major error source, is modified in order to obtain highly accurate solutions. Numerical results are given to corroborate the effectiveness of the new scheme.
Enhancing active reconfigurable intelligent surface
Authors: Khalil Muhammad
Published: June 2022

 A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) panel comprises many independent Reflective Elements (REs). One possible way to implement an RIS is to use a binary passive load impedance connected to an antenna element to achieve the modulation of reflected radio waves. Each RE reflects incoming waves (incident signal) by using on/off modulation between two passive loads and adjusting its phase using a Phase Shifter (PS). However, this modulation process reduces the amplitude of the reflected output signal to less than unity. Therefore, recent RIS works have employed Reflection Amplifiers (RAs) to compensate for the losses incurred during the modulation process. However, these systems only improve the reflection coefficient for a single modulation state, resulting in suboptimal RE efficacy. Thus, this paper proposes a strategy for optimising RE by continuously activating the RA regardless of the switching load state. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in two scenarios: (1) In the first scenario (Sc1), the RA only operates to compensate for high-impedance loads, and (2) in the second scenario (Sc2), the RA runs continuously regardless of the RE loads. To benchmark the performance of Sc1 and Sc2, various metrics are compared, including signal-to-noise ratio, insertion loss, noise figure, communication range, and power-added efficiency. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It is found that the proposed system in Sc2 leads to better overall performance compared to Sc1 due to the increased gain of the RIS reflection.
Mixed Redundancy Strategy for Medium Voltage Modular Multilevel Converters Using Active Submodules in Combination with Standby Spares
Authors: Ahmadi Miad
Published: June 2022

Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is favorable for high-power grid-connected power electronic applications to achieve efficient operation. The required number of components significantly increases when higher modularity is introduced for the given voltage level, thus reducing the system reliability. This paper suggests a Mixed Redundancy Strategy (MRS) that combines the operational concepts using active and redundant spare sub-modules. It is shown that more than 50\,\% higher $B_{10} = 10 $ lifetime is achievable as compared to reliability improvement using Fixed-Level Active (FL-ARS), Load-Sharing Active (LS-ARS), and Standby Redundancy Strategy (SRS) with the same number of redundant submodules. The trade-off between operational efficiency and investment cost is explored to define the boundary for selecting MRS over other redundancy strategies with varying dc-link voltages and average converter loading considering a 10-year payback period and equivalent $B_{10} = 10 $ lifetime. The results are discussed for two case studies using load profiles adapted from available data from a medium voltage substation. The change in viability boundary for MRS is established with increasing $B_{10} = 10 $ lifetime and its sensitivity to power electronic component cost as well as assumed failure rate.
Adaptive STDP-based On-chip Spike Pattern Detection
Authors: Gautam Ashish , Kohno Takashi
Published: June 2022

In this study, we solved a noisy spatiotemporal spike pattern detection task on an analog neuromorphic chip using an unsupervised learning rule. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is the most widespread unsupervised learning rule implemented in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic chips. It has been shown to perform well in conventional benchmark tasks such as spike pattern classification and image classification in SNN simulations. However, a significant performance gap exists between its ideal model simulation and neuromorphic implementation. The learning rate of STDP learning depends on the resolution of synaptic efficacy, high resolution efficacy leads to a small learning rate and stable performance. In computer simulation, synaptic efficacy is configured using 64-bit floating-point precision whereas in low-power neuromorphic chips the resolution is generally restricted to under 5-bit fixed point precision due to silicon area and power constraints. This leads to a degradation in the performance. To solve this problem we proposed a bioinspired learning rule named adaptive STDP learning in a previous study and demonstrated via numerical simulation that the performance of adaptive STDP learning  (using 4-bit fixed point synapses) is similar to STDP learning (using 64-bit floating-point precision) in a noisy spatiotemporal spike pattern detection task. In this study, we present the experimental results for the same. The experimental results are similar to those obtained in our simulation-based study. To our best knowledge, this is the first time that an unsupervised, noisy spatiotemporal spike pattern detection task has been demonstrated to perform well on a mixed-signal CMOS neuromorphic chip with low-resolution synaptic efficacy. 
Public libraries of Ukraine under nazi occupation in 1941—1944: civil administration area
Authors: Karoyeva Tetiana
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study is to look into the daily reading leisure of an average urban dweller under Nazi occupation of Ukraine by examining activity of public libraries (which were called "mass libraries" in the Soviet tradition). The substance of the study. The study developed understanding of the "normal" town library network in the area of civil administration under occupation (per town: one public library for adults and (possibly) a library / branch for children) through characterizing operating conditions and working schedule of the facilities and specific features of library service; the library staff lists were ascertained. The commercial element of the activity of public libraries was examined in detail as it was the main means of their subsistence. Conclusions. Summarizing population's life with regard to activity of town libraries during the occupation period, it is worth to note: 1) despite the Nazis' view of the local population only as labor force of the Reich, the occupation authorities allowed library services in public libraries but only in urban areas; 2) it was the local authorities who determined the scale (the number of facilities, the amount of their staff) and the operating conditions (working schedule, cost of library services) of public services; 3) there was a certain idea of the library service "standards": the number of facilities, the staff, working hours, paid services, rules of service. Some of them stem from the Soviet experience, and some were the cost of survival under conditions of occupation; 4) public libraries were in popular demand despite the fact that readers had to pay for services; 5) apparently, reading played the role of a psychological compensatory mechanism under conditions of occupation. Thus, public libraries were an active functional part of the cultural environment during the Nazi occupation of Ukraine.
Financial Inclusion in Microfinance- A Case of North East India
Authors: Linggi Akepi , Padung Prof. Otem , Modi Dr. Phillip , Linggi Dr. Atege
Published: June 2022

Microfinance has played an important role in the process of financial inclusion of the people left out by the financial system due to the unviable nature of clients and low returns for the banking industry. The present study attempts to explore the secondary data with respect to microfinance published annually by NABARD from 2008 to 2019. This study attempts to look into the trends of financial inclusion in India under the microfinance sector in North-Eastern India. The research question is” when the region has similar problems of huge infrastructure gaps, political, law and order problems, how has this sector moved over the years. This is a descriptive study on the following variables viz; bank linkage, saving, credit linkage, credit disbursement, credit outstanding, and non-performing assets of self-help groups handling microfinance.
Exploring the instructions and evaluation methods for improving creative thinking competency
Authors:   The Korean Creativity Education Association, Jang Jaehong
Published: June 2022

The purposes of this study were confirmed the student's creative thinking competency profile and the instructions and evaluation methods that affect the profile. LPA was performed using divergent thinking, creative flexibility, curiosity and adventure, and inquiry as index variables, and the degree of individualization, interaction, and students' classroom engagement was used as the instruction method, and process fortified assessment and evaluation feedback were used as evaluation methods. For the analysis, the 6th year of the Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2013 were used. As a result of the study, first, creative thinking competency was classified into three latent profiles. Second, individualization was an influential variable that differentiated the ‘higher competency’ profile. Third, interaction did not affect creative thinking competency profile differentiation. Fourth, students' classroom engagement was the most important variable affecting the differentiation of all profiles. Fifth, process fortified assessment differentiated the ‘general competency’ and ‘higher competency’ profiles. Sixth, evaluation feedback affected the differentiation of all profiles. In order to improve creative thinking competency, it is necessary to create an environment that can foster learners' activeness and initiative attitude for student engagement classes. In addition, it should support process fortified assessment and evaluation feedback that can check the process as well as the result of learning.
The Mediating effects of Peer Play Behavior on the relationships between Father’s Parenting Behaviors and Children's Creative Personality
Authors:   The Korean Creativity Education Association, Park Hyesung , Woo Jungmin , Lee Seon Young
Published: June 2022

This study aims to identify the mediating role of peer play behaviors (positive peer play, negative peer play) in the relationship between father's two different parenting behaviors (warm, controlled) and children’s creative personalities. The sixth (father's parenting behaviors of a four-year-old), seventh (interactive peer play of a five-year-old), and twelfth (creative personality of a ten-year-old) data from the Korean Children Panel were used. The structural equation model was used for the analysis. Results revealed that the father's parenting behaviors of a 4-year-old indirectly predicted the creative personality of a 10-year-old through interactive peer play of a 5-year-old. However, the direct effects of the father's parenting behaviors on creative personality were not statistically significant. Specifically, the father's compassionate parenting behaviors significantly predicted creative personality through positive interactive peer play, and the controlled parenting behaviors significantly predicted creative personality through negative interactive peer play. In addition, a multi-group analysis was performed to examine the gender differences in respect of the path differences, although no significant gender differences were found. Implications for practice and limitations are discussed.