bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Democracia e ditadura na teoria política de Marx e Engels | emocracy and dictatorship in the political theory of Marx and Engels
Authors: Rodrigues Theófilo Codeço Machado
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo analisa a forma como Marx e Engels, teóricos da política, inseriram-se no debate contemporâneo sobre a democracia no século XIX. Passada a Revolução Francesa de 1789, a democracia tornou-se o grande tema da agenda teórica do século XIX. Mas as interpretações foram, decerto, distintas. De modo bem diferente de seus contemporâneos liberais, Marx e Engels compuseram a justificativa teórica para a ação dos trabalhadores para além da democracia burguesa. Transitando entre temas como a “verdadeira democracia”, a “emancipação humana”, o “comunismo” e a “ditadura do proletariado”, os dois autores formularam teorias que não apenas informaram a grande polarização do século XX, mas que ainda referenciam debates sobre as possibilidades de uma alternativa ao capitalismo no século XXI. A hipótese aqui apresentada é a de que a tensão entre democracia e ditadura na obra dos dois permite interpretações díspares, o que garante sua permanência no debate atual.Palavras-Chave: teoria política; democracia; ditadura do proletariado; Karl Marx; Friedrich Engels.  Abstract − This article analyses how Marx and Engels, political theorists, entered the contemporary debate on democracy in the 19th century. After the French Revolution of 1789, democracy became the great theme of the theoretical agenda of the 19th century. But interpretations were certainly disparate. In a very different way from their liberal contemporaries, Marx and Engels composed the theoretical justification for the action of workers beyond the bourgeois democracy. Transitioning between topics such as “true democracy,” “Human Emancipation,” “communism,” and “dictatorship of the proletariat,” the two authors formulated theories that not only informed the great polarization of the 20th century, but which still are reference to debates about the possibilities of an alternative to capitalism in the 21st century. The hypothesis presented here is that the tension between democracy and dictatorship in the work of the two authors allows different interpretations that guarantee its permanence in the current debate.Keywords: political theory; democracy; dictatorship of the proletariat; Karl Marx; Friedrich Engels.
A metamorfose das classes sociais no capitalismo contemporâneo: algumas reflexões | The metamorphosis of social classes in contemporary capitalism: reflections
Authors: Druck Graça
Published: August 2018

Na primeira parte do artigo se apresentam algumas reflexões sobre a gênese das classes sociais no capitalismo, a partir de formulações em obras selecionadas de Marx e Engels, ressaltando a historicidade das classes em suas configurações em diferentes conjunturas, bem como a compreensão de classe como relação social. Na segunda parte, discutem-se criticamente algumas análises sobre classes ou sobre a classe trabalhadora em particular, no atual contexto da acumulação flexível, globalização e hegemonia das finanças e do neoliberalismo, buscando indicar alguns elementos para se compreender as metamorfoses das classes sociais hoje, dialogando com autores estrangeiros e brasileiros acerca da relação entre classe e “precariado”. Palavras-Chave: classes sociais; metamorfoses; capitalismo contemporâneo. Abstract – The first part of this article presents some reflections on the genesis of social classes in capitalism, based on formulations of selected works of Marx and Engels, highlighting the historicity of classes in their different configurations and the understanding of class as a social relation. In the second part, we critically discuss some analyses of class or specifically of the working class in the current context of flexible accumulation, globalization, and the hegemony of finance and neoliberalism, trying to indicate some elements to understand the metamorphoses of social classes today. We carry out this analysis debating with foreign and Brazilian authors over the link between class and the “precariat.”Keywords: social classes; metamorphoses; contemporary capitalism.
Produção e viabilidade de ovos de resistência do cladocera Daphnia magna Straus, 1820 em cultivo intensivo
Authors: Graf Paulo , Resgalla Charrid
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a possibilidade de obtenção de efípios do Cladocera Daphnia magna, em grande escala, para aplicação em ensaios ecotoxicológicos. Para tal foram investigados diferentes meios de cultivo que permitisse a manutenção dos organismos em altas densidades assim como resultasse em maiores produções de ovos de resistência. Da mesma forma, foram investigadas as condições que permitissem um maior sucesso das taxas de eclosão de efípios. Por fim foi avaliada a sensibilidade de juvenis originários dos efípios frente a tóxicos de referência em comparação com a carta controle de juvenis provenientes de cultivos convencionais. Como resultado determinou-se que o sistema de cultivo favorável a obtenção de efípios de Daphnia magna foi em meio de cultivo de alta dureza (2 vezes superior a recomendada). Nestas condições de cultivo os efípios apresentaram as maiores taxas de eclosão assim como foi observado uma relação direta entre as taxas de eclosão e a sua idade ou ao tempo de estocagem. Um aumento da eficiência nas taxas de eclosão dos ovos de resistência foi obtido em meio de cultura padrão, sob luz constante em temperatura de 20°C e com tratamento prévio com hipoclorito de sódio. Os testes de toxicidade utilizando os organismos provenientes de estágios de diapausa frente ao dicromato de potássio indicaram que a sensibilidade foi similar aos juvenis obtidos em regime de cultivo padrão.
O método misto para valoração de paisagens costeiras
Authors: Andreacci Fernando , Marenzi Rosemeri Carvalho
Published: August 2018

Landscape is a non-renewable resource, which is understood as the expression of the product of spatial and temporal interaction of the individual with the environment. Valuation of the quality of this resource is an important tool for planning and managing the territory, once it is related with the positive and negative effects that landscape components evoke in individuals. This work show in detail the mixed method for landscape valuation and discusses its application in coastal environments
Playing with culture: Nigerian stand-up comedians joking with cultural beliefs and representations
Authors: Sunday Adesina B. , Filani Ibukun
Published: August 2018

In interactions, the culture of the participants influences their contributions and interpretations. Stand-up comedians articulate contemporary culture by making mutually manifest cultural beliefs and representations within the performance space, and teach the audience how to use them. This paper investigated how Nigerian stand-up comedians employ cultural assumptions and representations in their performances. Using relevance theory for analysis and seven routines from seven Nigerian stand-up comedians as the data, this study explored how Nigerian stand-up comedians bring shared cultural knowledge into their performances. Nigerian stand-up comedians joke with culture by manipulating shared cultural representations, distorting collective knowledge, manipulating stereotypes and projecting personal beliefs. By joking with cultural beliefs and representations within the performance space, Nigerian stand-up comedians mediate and negotiate what “contemporary culture” should be.
Zataria multiflora extract and carvacrol affect cardiotoxicity induced by Adriamycin in rat
Authors: Khajavi Rad Abolfazl , Mohebbati Reza
Published: August 2018

Background

Because of the antioxidant effects of Zataria multiflora (ZM) and carvacrol (CAR) and also the role of oxidative stress in the induction of cardiotoxicity induced by Adriamycin (ADR), the aim of this study was to investigate the improvement effects of ZM extract and CAR on cardiotoxicity induced by ADR in rats.

Methods

Twenty-eight male rats were randomly assigned to four groups including (1) the control group; (2) the ADR group, which received ADR intravenously at the beginning of the study and the (3) ZM+ADR and (4) CAR+ADR groups, which received ZM and CAR by gavage for 28 consecutive days and ADR as single dose. Blood samples were collected on days 0 and 28 to determine serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, cardiac tissue was removed for redox marker evaluation.

Results

In the ADR group, malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total thiol contents significantly reduced, as compared with the control group, while CAR administration significantly improved this condition. Treatment with ZM significantly increased the SOD activity and total thiol content, as compared with the ADR group. The level of LDH significantly increased on day 28 in the ADR group compared to the control group, and administration of ZM and CAR significantly decreased it. The SGPT and SGOT levels in the ADR group significantly increased, and CAR administration significantly reduced them.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the administration of ZM hydroalcoholic extracts and its active ingredient, CAR, could reduce the oxidative stress damage through promotion of the cardiac and systemic antioxidant system. Also, CAR administration demonstrated better improvement in cardiotoxicity with ADR in rats.
Predictability and perception for native and non-native listeners
Authors: Baese-Berk Melissa , Morrill Tuuli H. , Dilley Laura
Published: August 2018

Phonological knowledge is influenced by a variety of cues that reflect predictability (e.g. semantic predictability). Listeners utilize various aspects of predictability when determining what they have heard. In the present paper, we ask how aspects of the acoustic phonetic signal (e.g. speaking rate) interact with other knowledge reflecting predictability (e.g. lexical frequency and collocation strength) to influence how speech is perceived. Specifically, we examine perception of function words by native and non-native speakers. Our results suggest that both native and non-native speakers are sensitive to factors that influence the predictability of the signal, including speaking rate, frequency, and collocation strength, when listening to speech, and use these factors to predict the phonological structure of stretches of ambiguous speech. However, reliance on these cues differs as a function of their experience and proficiency with the target language. Non-native speakers are less sensitive to some aspects of the acoustic phonetic signal (e.g. speaking rate). However, they appear to be quite sensitive to other factors, including frequency. We discuss how these results inform our understanding of the interplay between predictability and speech perception by different listener populations and how use of features reflecting predictability interacts with recovery of phonological structure of spoken language.
Crystal structure of diaqua-(N-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)pyridin-1-ium-4-carbohydrazonate-κ3
N,N′,O)-tris[nitrato-κ2
O,O′)lanthanum(III), C12H15N8O12La
Authors: Jinli Liu , Peiling Zhang
Published: August 2018

C12H15N8O12La, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.3267(7) Å, b = 28.348(2) Å, c = 9.1097(8) Å, β = 107.5410(10)°, V = 2050.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0236, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0559, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(1-((2-ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-κ2N:N′)tetraiodidodicadmium(II), [Cd2(C13H15N5)2I4]
Authors: Xian-Ju Shi , Shao-Ling Wang , Meng-Hui Liu , Fu-Lin Xu
Published: August 2018

[Cd2(C13H15N5)2I4], triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.1348(16) Å, b = 10.1716(17) Å, c = 11.645(3) Å, α = 76.485(18)°, β = 77.750(19)°, γ = 74.030(16)°, V = 889.4(3) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0597, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1251, T = 293(2) K.
The Banality of the Commons: Efficiency Arguments Against Common Ownership Before Hardin
Authors: Banner Stuart
Published: August 2018

The Tragedy of the Commons tends to be remembered today as the canonical statement of the idea that commonly-owned resources will be overused. But this idea was well known for centuries before Hardin wrote. Hardin acknowledged that he got the example of cattle in a common field from the early nineteenth century economist William Forster Lloyd, and by Lloyd’s time the idea was already familiar and was already being applied to the analysis of overpopulation, Hardin’s primary concern. This paper will trace the history of the idea that common ownership is inefficient, and will suggest why The Tragedy of the Commons nevertheless quickly attained its canonical status.
Nitrogen management in wheat based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Authors: Vian André Luis , Bredemeier Christian , Turra Marcos Alexandre , Giordano Cecília Paz da Silva , Fochesatto Elizandro , Silva Jhonatan Alves da , Drum Maicon Andreo
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: Biomass production and nitrogen (N) accumulated in wheat shoots may be used for quantifying optimal topdressing nitrogen doses. The objective of this study was to develop and validate models for estimating the amount of biomass and nitrogen accumulated in shoots and the N topdressing dose of maximum technical efficiency in wheat using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) measured by an active optical canopy sensor. Field experiments were carried out in two years and treatments consisted of N doses applied at plant emergence and as topdressing. NDVI, shoot biomass and N accumulated in shoots at the growth stage of six fully expanded leaves and grain yield were evaluated, being determined the topdressing N dose of maximum technical efficiency (DMTE). The NDVI was positively correlated to shoot biomass and N content in shoots and models for the relationship between these variables were developed and validated. The DMTE was negatively correlated with the NDVI value evaluated at the moment of N topdressing application. Thus, NDVI evaluation by an active optical canopy sensor can be used for nitrogen fertilization in variable rate, allowing the adjustment of applied N doses in different areas within a field.
Cultivation of strawberry in substrate: Productivity and fruit quality are affected by the cultivar origin and substrates
Authors: Diel Maria Inês , Pinheiro Marcos Vinícius Marques , Thiesen Leonardo Antonio , Altíssimo Bruna Stringari , Holz Ezequiel , Schmidt Denise
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT The production and quality of strawberries may vary according to cultivar, transplant origin, and the system of plant cultivation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different organic substrates and different transplant origins on strawberry production and fruit quality. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a 2x2x4 factorial scheme using two cultivars (Albion and Camarosa) obtained from different origins (National-Brazilian and Imported-Argentine) and four combinations of substrates: (crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + organic compost [30%], crushed sugarcane bagasse [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%], burnt rice husks [70%] + organic compost [30%], and burnt rice husks [70%] + Carolina® commercial substrate [30%]). The experimental unit was composed of eight plants, with repetition in four blocks. The quality parameters of titrable total acidity, total soluble solids, ratio of sugar / acidity, firmness, and pulp coloration (chroma, hue angle, and L*, a* and b*) were evaluated, as were the production parameters of total number of fruits, total fruit production, average fruit mass, non-commercial fruit production, commercial fruit production and total productivity. The substrate influences the strawberry production variables. Fruit yield was highest in the Camarosa cultivar grown on the S3 substrate mixture. The cultivar, the transplant origin and the cultivation substrate influence fruit AT. SST and AT / SST are influenced only by cultivar and transplant origin. Chroma differs between plants with different transplant origins. Camarosa of National origin cultivated in burnt rice husks + organic compost presented the best production results and fruit quality.
Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil
Authors: Barros Felipe Martins do Rêgo , Fracetto Giselle Gomes Monteiro , Fracetto Felipe José Cury , Mendes Júnior José Petrônio , Araújo Victor Lucas Vieira Prudêncio de , Lira Junior Mario Andrade
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Intercropping tree legumes with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can avoid pasture degradation benefiting the soil. In such a system, nitrogen (N) is supplied by symbiosis between legumes and bacteria. However, the pasture quality determines the action of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which possess nifH genes, which encode nitrogenase enzyme. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), involved in the nitrification step, can be evaluated by specific regions of the 16S rRNA corresponding to AOB. Thus, we investigated the influence of the introduction of tree legumes into a silvopastoral system on the community structure and abundance of total bacteria, diazotrophic bacteria and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR). The experiment involved nine plots of one hectare each, planted with sabia (Mimosa caesalpinifolia), a Gliricidia species (Gliricidia sepium), and a Brachiaria species (Brachiaria decumbens) in a randomized block design, forming three treatments: I-Brachiaria intercropped with sabia; II-Brachiaria intercropped with Gliricidia and III-Brachiaria only, with three replicates. The structures of the total bacterial and ammonium-oxidizing bacterial communities were influenced by tree legume introduction, possibly through modification of the soil chemical attributes. The copy numbers of total bacteria, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria were higher in soils planted with legumes, which provided better conditions for microbial growth compared to planting with the Brachiaria species alone. Silvopastoral management with tree legumes improves the biological quality of soil, favouring the bacterial community linked to N-cycling.
Estimativa de ingestão de agrotóxicos organofosforados pelo consumo de frutas e hortaliças
Authors: Ferreira Verona Borges , Silva Thadia Turon Costa da , Garcia Silvia Regina Magalhães Couto , Srur Armando Ubirajara Oliveira Sabaa
Published: August 2018

Resumo Introdução A agricultura no Brasil caracteriza-se pelo uso elevado de agrotóxicos. Os inseticidas organofosforados estão entre a classe de agrotóxicos mais intensamente aplicados. Objetivo: Estimar a ingestão de resíduo de agrotóxicos organofosforados por crianças e adultos, considerando o consumo da população brasileira e a recomendação diária de frutas e hortaliças (FH). Método Foram calculados a Estimativa Diária de Ingestão (EDI) e o percentual da Ingestão Diária Aceitável (%IDA) de acordo com a metodologia proposta pela WHO e FAO, em que %IDA > 100 caracteriza um possível risco de ingestão de agrotóxicos. Os dados sobre a concentração do agrotóxico no alimento foram obtidos do Programa de Análise de Resíduo de Agrotóxicos. Os dados sobre consumo do alimento e o peso corpóreo da população em estudo foram obtidos da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar de 2008-2009. A recomendação de ingestão de FH preconizada para uma dieta saudável foi de 400 gramas/dia. Resultados Com base no consumo alimentar da população brasileira, apenas o agrotóxico metidationa excedeu o parâmetro toxicológico de segurança para crianças. Caso o consumo de FH pela população brasileira alcançasse a recomendação da WHO, seis agrotóxicos excederiam o %IDA para crianças: diazinona, dicofol, dimetoato, metamidofós, metidationa e protiofós. Já para adultos, três agrotóxicos excederiam o %IDA: dicofol, metamidofós e metidationa, deflagrando o uso indiscriminado desses inseticidas. Conclusão A promoção do consumo de FH deve vir acompanhada de programas de monitoramento da comercialização, do uso desses agentes químicos e dos seus resíduos nos alimentos.
Satisfação e insatisfação na Estratégia Saúde da Família: potencialidades a serem exploradas, fragilidades a serem dirimidas
Authors: Milanez Tamara Candido Mezari , Soratto Jacks , Ferraz Fabiane , Vitali Marieli Mezari , Tomasi Cristiane Damiani , Sorato Maria Teresa , Bittencourt Lisiane Tuon Generoso
Published: August 2018

Resumo Introdução A satisfação e insatisfação são aspectos que fazem parte do processo de trabalho em saúde. Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os motivos de satisfação e de insatisfação dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um município de pequeno porte do sul do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. A coleta de dados aconteceu com 16 profissionais da saúde, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação direta, que foram analisadas segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo categorial com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Resultados Os resultados foram estruturados em duas macrocategorias, quais sejam, satisfação e insatisfação. A satisfação dos profissionais envolveu o reconhecimento do trabalho (usuário satisfeito e trabalho reconhecido), processo de trabalho (equipe, identificação e organização) e aspectos institucionais (jornada de trabalho e estabilidade). Já insatisfação relacionou-se aos aspectos de gestão do trabalho (salário, excesso de trabalho, condições de trabalho, estrutura física, sobrecarga, possibilidade de adoecimento, carência e sistema de informatização) e às dificuldades no relacionamento (com os usuários, com a equipe e falta de comunicação). Conclusão A gestão do trabalho em saúde é o ponto central para potencializar aspectos associados à satisfação e suprimir elementos vinculados à insatisfação dos profissionais na Estratégia Saúde da Família.
Ocorrência de enteroparasitos e coliformes termotolerantes nas mãos de manipuladores de alimentos de um hospital de ensino
Authors: Leão Renata Campos , Gonçalves Álisson de Carvalho , Santos Celso Tadeu Barbosa dos , Andrade Anderson Assunção , Silva Marlene Cabrine dos Santos , Silva Márcia Benedita de Oliveira
Published: August 2018

Resumo Introdução Manipuladores de alimentos que trabalham em hospitais frequentemente fornecem alimentos a indivíduos com imunidade reduzida, os quais são mais suscetíveis à aquisição de doenças infecciosas de origem alimentar. Objetivo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença de enteroparasitos e coliformes termotolerantes nas mãos dos manipuladores de alimentos de um hospital de ensino de Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Método Foram analisadas amostras das mãos de 44 manipuladores de alimentos de um hospital de ensino. Os coliformes termotolerantes foram contados pelo método do Número Mais Provável, a partir de amostra obtida por esfregaço. O conteúdo subungueal foi submetido à análise parasitológica, observado em microscópio. Resultados 15,9% (7/44) das amostras foram positivas para ocorrência de coliformes termotolerantes e 9,1% (4/44) dos conteúdos subungueais foram positivos para protozoários intestinais (3 Blastocystis spp. e 1 Giardia spp.). Conclusão Os resultados indicam contaminação das mãos dos manipuladores de alimentos e predisposição à veiculação de agentes patogênicos por essa via, ressaltando a importância de uma conscientização dos manipuladores de alimento quanto à higiene pessoal e dos alimentos, bem como a utilização de medidas preventivas.
Fatores preditores da evasão escolar entre adolescentes com experiência de gravidez
Authors: Sousa Carolina Rodrigues de Oliveira , Gomes Keila Rejane Oliveira , Silva Kamila Cristiane de Oliveira , Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros , Rodrigues Malvina Thaís Pacheco , Andrade Jesusmar Ximenes , Leal Maria Andréia Brito Ferreira
Published: August 2018

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os fatores preditores da evasão escolar entre adolescentes com experiência de gravidez em Teresina, Piauí. Método Estudo transversal, com amostragem acidental, realizado com jovens que finalizaram uma gravidez no primeiro quadrimestre de 2006, quando tinham entre 15 e 19 anos de idade. Foi realizada análise multivariada por meio de regressão logística binomial para cálculo de Odds Ratio ajustado (ORaj), com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). Resultados 94,4% das jovens afirmaram ter interrompido os estudos em algum momento da vida, das quais 54,4% abandonaram os estudos. As jovens que trabalhavam e tiveram gravidez recorrente foram as mais propensas a abandonar os estudos. Além disso, conviver com uma renda f amiliar de até um salário mínimo aumentou suas chances em três vezes. O tempo em que parou de estudar se apresentou como fator de proteção. Conclusão O abando escolar de jovens mães está fortemente associado a fatores socioeconômicos desfavoráveis, por isso são imprescindíveis políticas que incentivem a continuidade dos estudos e, consequentemente, a inserção no mercado de trabalho, favorecendo melhor renda, menor dependência financeira, menos gravidez precoce e não planejadas.
Genetic diversity and molecular survey of Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum ) theileri in cattle in Brazil’s western Amazon region
Authors: Pacheco Thábata dos Anjos , Marcili Arlei , Costa Andrea Pereira da , Witter Rute , Melo Andréia Lima Tomé , Boas Ricardo Vilas , Chitarra Cristiane Silva , Dutra Valéria , Nakazato Luciano , Pacheco Richard de Campos
Published: August 2018

Abstract Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri is a flagellated protozoan that infects ruminants and it displays high genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated the prevalence rates of this protozoan based on hemoculture and molecular diagnosis. The isolates of T. theileri thus obtained were characterized by molecular markers SSU rDNA and gGAPDH and molecular diagnosis based on Cathepsin L-like gene (PCR-TthCATL). The PCR-TthCATL and hemoculture indicated an overall prevalence rate of 8.13%, and the CATL derived sequence named IB was identified for the first time in cattle in the western Amazon region, as well as IF in Brazil. We also describe a possible new PCR-TthCATL derived sequence in cattle, designated IL.
Editorial
Authors: Dávila Villavicencio Roussel
Published: August 2018

Editorial
Prevalencia de factores asociados y complicaciones crónicas en pacientes adultos mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en el Centro de Atención Primaria nivel III EsSalud - El Agustino
Authors: Aguilar Sánchez Marielena , Maldonado Gonzales Yemim Deisy , Huzco Rutti Charo Nátali
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de los factores asociados y las complicaciones crónicas en pacientes adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el Centro de Atención Primaria nivel III Es Salud, El Agustino. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de tipo cuantitativo y corte transversal. La muestra conformada por 142 pacientes diabéticos adultos mayores seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico, según criterios de inclusión y exclusión, a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento construido por las investigadoras, probándose su validez y fiabilidad en una prueba piloto a 50 pacientes de características similares. Resultados: El 60.6% presentó DM 2 como antecedente familiar. Según el índice de masa corporal, el 34.5% presentó estado nutricional normal, mientras que el 32.4% presentó sobrepeso y el 29.6% obesidad; según la circunferencia de cintura, el 68.3% presentó muy alto riesgo de sufrir enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas. Respecto a la práctica de hábitos saludables, se observó que el 99.3% no presentó práctica de ejercicio físico y deporte; el 94.4% presentó inadecuado manejo de la recreación y del tiempo libre; el 99.3% no consumía alcohol, café ni uso de tabaco; el 67.6% presentó inadecuados hábitos alimenticios. Finalmente; el 43.7% presentó infección urinaria y el 35.2% presentó retinopatía. Conclusiones: El 61% presentó antecedentes familiares de DM 2, el 62% presentó sobrepeso y obesidad, el 68% presentó muy alto riesgo de padecer enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas, el 36% presentó inadecuado control de la HbA1c (≤ 7 %), el 99 % no realiza ejercicio físico ni deporte, el 68 % presentó inadecuados hábitos alimenticios, las complicaciones crónicas de mayor prevalencia son las infecciones urinarias(44%) y retinopatía (35%); además, los factores asociados a las complicaciones de la DM 2, en su mayoría, son modificables, por tanto debe existir un adecuado control sobre estas variables, el tratamiento de los pacientes adultos mayores debe estar enfocado en estos factores
Espiritualidad y estilo de vida en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima 2017
Authors: Alva Rosnay Lea Rosmery , Castillo Zamora Luz
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la espiritualidad y estilo de vida en los estudiantes de Medicina Humana. Materiales y Método: De enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, tipo correlacional y de corte transversal. La selección de la muestra se realizó mediante el muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia y estuvo conformada por 176 estudiantes. El cuestionario empleado para la recolección de datos fue el “cuestionario de espiritualidad” creado por Parsian y Dunning (2009) y traducido y adaptado al español por Díaz (2012). A su vez, para medir la variable estilos de vida, se utilizó el cuestionario “S.N. – 52” creado por Walker, Sechrist y Pender (1996). Cabe resaltar que ambos instrumentos presentaron un coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach alto con un valor de 0,9, demostrando su confiabilidad. Resultados: Se encontró relación entre la espiritualidad y el estilo de vida con un p-valor de 0, 002, según la prueba estadística Chi-cuadrado. Del mismo modo, se encontró relación entre las dimensiones de la espiritualidad y el estilo de vida con un p-valor <0,05. Conclusión: Existe relación entre las variables de estudio.
Relación entre dependencia a videojuegos y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de una institución educativa estatal de Lima Este
Authors: Alave Mamani Sislay Marcia , Pampa Yupanqui Sara Nelbith
Published: August 2018

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo determinar la relación significativa entre la dependencia a videojuegos y las habilidades sociales, la muestra estuvo conformada por 375 adolescentes de ambos sexos de una institución educativa estatal de Lima Este. Como instrumentos se utilizó el Test de dependencia a videojuegos de Marcos y Cholíz 2012 y la Escala de Habilidades Sociales (EHS) de Goldstein -1978, adaptada en el Perú por Ambrosio Tomás en 1995. Los resultados revelan que existe correlación débil, negativa y significativa entre la dependencia general a videojuegos y las habilidades sociales (rho= -.132 p<0.05), así también se encontró una relación significativa en las dimensiones de habilidades sociales “habilidades alternativas a la agresión” (rho= -.209; p<0.05) y “habilidades relacionadas con el estrés” (rho= -.108; p<0.05). Por lo tanto, se concluye que mientras se presenten niveles bajos de dependencia a videojuegos, existirán más recursos para relacionarse adecuadamente o viceversa.
DNA Methylation Signatures Predict HIV Prognosis and Mortality v2
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Hu Ying , Xu Ke
Published: August 2018

BackgroundThe effects of tobacco smoking upon epigenome-wide methylation signatures in white blood cells (WBCs) collected from persons living with HIV may have important implications for their immune-related outcomes, including frailty and mortality. The application of a machine learning approach to the analysis of CpG methylation in the epigenome enables the selection of phenotypically relevant features from high-dimensional data. Using this approach, we now report that a set of smoking-associated DNA-methylated CpGs predicts HIV prognosis and mortality in an HIV-positive veteran population. Methods and Findings A total of 1,137 DNA samples were extracted from WBCs in HIV-positive male veterans. Here, HIV prognosis was measured by Veteran Aging Cohort Study Index that was highly correlated with HIV disease frailty. We first conducted two epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) for tobacco smoking in two HIV-positive sample sets. We then selected smoking-associated DNA methylation features using a machine learning approach to differentiate good and poor HIV prognosis and to predict mortality. The performance of the prediction was validated in an independent sample set. We identified137epigenome-widesignificant CpGs in meta-EWAS analysis for smoking in HIV-positive samples (p < 1.70E-07). Using an in-house developed bioinformatic pipeline, we selected 698 CpG sites that predicted high HIV frailty [(Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.73, (95%CI: 0.63 ~ 0.83)] and was replicated in an independent sample [(AUC = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.73 ~ 0.83)]. We further found an association of a DNA methylation index constructed from the 698-CpGs that were associated with a 5-year survival rate [HR =1.46; 95%CI: 1.06 ~ 2.02, p = 0.02]. Interestingly, the 698-CpGs located on 445 genes were enriched on the integrin signaling pathway (p=9.55E-05, False discovery rate=0.036), which is responsible for regulation of the cell cycle, differentiation, and adhesion. ConclusionWe demonstrated that smoking-associated DNA methylation features in white blood cells predict HIV infection prognosis and mortality in a population living with HIV. Feature selection is a powerful approach to identify DNA methylation biomarkers for the prediction of medical outcomes.
What Kind of Blending Makes Blended Learning?
Authors: Margolis A.A.
Published: August 2018

The paper focuses on blended learning which is now quite common both in basic and in higher education and which is usually defined as a combination of e-learning and face-to-face instruction. The author explores the main models of blended learning in basic education (K-12), evaluates their benefits and limitations, and reflects on the changes in the current model of teaching activity and standards for teachers. The paper also presents a review of modern studies on the effectiveness of blended learning as compared to distance learning and traditional in-class education. As it is revealed, the role of blended learning is that of a ‘hybrid’ educational innovation which interlocks the past and the future in education.
Research on Relationship between Personality Traits and Online Behaviour in Adolescents (With VKontakte Social Media as an Example)
Authors: Rubtsova O.V. , Panfilova A.S. , Smirnova V.K.
Published: August 2018

The paper presents and discusses outcomes of the first stage of a research project on the role of social media in the life of modern adolescents that was carried out on basis of the MSUPE Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Modern Childhood in 2015—2018. The issue of adolescents’ self-presentation in social media is one of the key trends in modern research, and in Russian psychological and pedagogical science there is clearly a lack of works on various aspects of adolescent online behaviour and interaction, in particular, in social media websites. The sample of our empirical study consisted of 88 individuals aged 15—18 years, and the following techniques were used: a modified version of A.Ye. Lichko’s character accentuations questionnaire; Stephenson’s Q-Sort technique; the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; the Tomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument; Eyesenck’s Self-Evaluation of Mental States technique; content analysis of VKontakte webpages. As it was revealed, personality traits of the adolescents were closely interrelated with the structure of their profiles in the VK website. For instance, numerous correlations were found between various parameters of personal webpages and such personality traits as character accentuations, interpersonal conflicts, preferred type of conflict behaviour, as well as with levels of anxiety, rigidity, aggression and frustration.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Mufidah Nur Mufidah , Purnamasari Puji Endah
Published: August 2018

Increasing the firm value is a key point for firm to attract investors. The firm value is very important because it becomes a benchmark of firm performance, the firm value in addition is influenced by profitability, investors also see the effect of the firm or form of firm Social Responsibility in the firm. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of profitability toward firm value, firm Social Responsibility moderate the relationship of profitability toward firm value and Good Corporate Governance moderate the relationship of profitability toward the firm value. The population in this study is a state-owned firm listed on the BEI in 2012-2016. The technique of sampling uses purposive sampling and based on criteria that have been done then the number of samples are obtained as many as 12 samples of state-owned enterprises. The experiment hypothesis of the research used multiple linear regression analysis techniques and Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that profitability variables have a positive and significant effect on firm value, the disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility does not moderate the relationship of return on assets to firm value, firm Social Responsibility strengthens the relationship of return on equity to firm value and Good firm Governance does not moderate profitability relation to firm value.
Entre a técnica e ação pedagógica em GPT: elementos para reflexão acerca da construção de uma proposta de GPT a partir da experiência de um grupo universitário em Goiás
Authors: Oliveira Michelle Ferreira de , Gomes Lohany Cristina do Nascimento , Oliveira Lidia Acyole de Souza , Vianey Nayara Lima , Iwamoto Thiago Camargo
Published: August 2018

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar as experiências e os desdobramentos de um grupo universitário de Ginástica para Todos existentes desde o ano de 2010 na Universidade Estadual de Goiás, denominado Cignus. Tal grupo tem delineado sua construção e ação pedagógica através da prática de Ginástica Para Todos e a partir da práxis propomos a reflexão entre o processo de formação, a técnica e a ação pedagógica em GPT. A temática se tornou relevante na medida em que inquietações foram se tornando ponto de pauta para debate: seria a técnica a questão mais importante na formação para a GPT? Estariam os processos excludentes afastando a possibilidade de uma ginástica prazerosa e praticável em espaços escolares? Essas duas questões se interligaram e propiciaram dois momentos reflexivos, a saber: a primeira, uma pesquisa de campo com professores da rede Estadual para compreender a ausência da Ginástica nas escolas no atual contexto e a segunda, a sistematização das reflexões acerca das ações realizadas via projeto de extensão e a compreensão de uma proposta que não prioriza apenas a técnica, embora utilize-a como uma base metodológica. Como procedimentos metodológicos foram realizadas: organização documental, revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo. Como resultado, compreendemos a GPT como conteúdo potencial para a Educação Física Escolar, para o processo de formação docente, para a reinserção e resignificação da Ginástica no Estado de Goiás.
Factors and conditions of development of internally oriented and export supply chains in the online trade of the Russian Federation
Authors: Mikhailiuk Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: August 2018

In the article the author proves that intensive market development, increasing the competitiveness of domestic production, more intensive transition of producers from offline to online will form the most powerful prerequisites for the development of the market and its logistics infrastructure, primarily regional.
Problems of the state program implementation of the Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous district – Yugra «Development of culture and tourism in the Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous district – Yugra for 2014–2020»
Authors: Kasparova Karine Arsenovna , Zelentsova Svetlana Iurevna , Kodintsev Aleksandr Iakovlevich
Published: August 2018

A comprehensive assessment of the results of the state program implementation of the Khanty-Mansiisk autonomous district – Yugra of the culture development in the conditions of the economic crisis was carried out. It is shown that, under the condition of planned state municipal management and regulation it is possible to implement the programs of the cultural sphere development. Despite the socio-economic crisis and the presence of unsolved problems, all-Russian and international events are being held on a high-level on the district area, it means the effectiveness of public policy in the vector of culture and development.
BOUT DEVELOPMENT OFMETHODS OF ANALYSISAND ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITYOF SPATIAL PLATE-SHELL REINFORCED CONCRETESTRUCTURES WITH ALLOWANCE FOR PHYSICAL NON-LINEARITIES, CRACK FORMATION ANDINDUCED ANISOTROPY
Authors: Belostotsky Alexander M. , Karpenko Nikolay I. , Akimov Pavel I. , Sidorov Vladimir N. , Karpenko Sergey N. , Petrov Alexey N. , Kaytukov Taymuraz B. , Kharitonov Vladimir A.
Published: August 2018

Themodern stage of modelling of behavior of reinforced concrete structures is associated with the widespread use of numerical methods. Thedistinctive paper is devoted todevelopment and numerical implementation of methods of structural analysis including progressive collapse analysis of spatial plate-shell reinforced concrete structures with allowance for physical nonlinearity, crack formation and inducedanisotropy. The relevance of the research topic is substantiated, the current status of research on this topic in Russia and abroad (including various aspects dealing with types of diagrams for modelling of reinforced concrete structures,construction of general deformation models of reinforced concrete, strength criteria for reinforced concrete structures and methods of structural analysis) is analyzed, the goals, objectives and boundaries of the study are determined, the provisions constituting scientific novelty, theoretical significance and practical significance are formulated, publications on the topic are under consideration. It should be noted that generallyfurther improvement and modifications of reinforced concrete models and their integration incontemporarysoftware systems for structural analysis remain very important. It is assumed that developing methods of analysis of reinforced concrete structures will replace multi-iterative approaches to the solution of physically nonlinear problems and move from the practically possible high-precision analysis of individual structures to the analysis of complex structural systems with allowance for various factors of physical nonlinearity and anisotropy. As a result,reliability of design solutions will increase significantly. The strength criteria used in this way, in turn, will also eliminate a number of errors in existing methods for strength analysis.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS ALUNOS DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL SOBRE A BIODIVERSIDADE DO CERRADO
Authors: Borges Patricia Spinassé , Ferreira Juliana Simião
Published: August 2018

O bioma Cerrado é um dos hotspots para a conservação da biodiversidade mundial, porém enfrenta um acelerado processo de degradação ambiental devido o crescimento das cidades, expansão da agricultura e pecuária. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a percepção ambiental de 243 alunos do sétimo ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas municipais de Anápolis/GO sobre a biodiversidade e as alterações antrópicas do Cerrado. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados o questionário e a confecção de desenhos pelos alunos para avaliar a percepção ambiental. Diante dos resultados obtidos pode-se observar que a percepção ambiental que alguns alunos têm sobre a biodiversidade do Cerrado refere-se à ideia de um ambiente natural, completamente preservado, apresentando aspecto de paisagem. Entretanto, outros alunos compreendem que as atividades humanas estão interferindo no ambiente de maneira negativa, trazendo consequências irreparáveis ao longo dos anos. Com os resultados obtidos por meio da pesquisa, nota-se a necessidade de ampliação de discussões envolvendo a temática ambiental no sentido de favorecer a popularização do conhecimento do bioma Cerrado dentro da sala de aula e em espaços não-formais de educação, de forma a reconstruir ações responsáveis para sua conservação.
SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA PARA ABORDAR CONTEÚDO DE ONDAS A PARTIR DA PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICA DE PAULO FREIRE
Authors: Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da , Pierri Helena Gloria , Pierri Helena Gloria , Darroz Luiz Marcelo , Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo refere-se a descrição de uma sequência didática que integra um trabalho mais amplo em que se pretende avaliar as contribuições da perspectiva freireana para a educação em Ciências. A sequência didática apresentada refere-se a um produto educacional que foi aplicado a uma turma de segundo ano para abordar o tema Ondas. Na proposta o realce está na estruturação apoiada na proposta dos Três Momentos Pedagógicos elaborados por Delizoicov e Angotti (1991). O presente texto se ocupa de relatar a sequência didática aplicada evidenciando a forma como ela foi operacionalizada no contexto escolar.
PLURALIDADE METODOLÓGICA E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA PARA O ENSINO
Authors: Velloso Verônica Pimenta
Published: August 2018

Podemos pensar que ensinar ciências envolve levar aos alunos aprenderem a ciência. O que é, no contexto da escola, se apropriar dos conceitos científicos? Trata-se de focar nos construtos teóricos da ciência, nos processos pelos quais se chegou a eles, nos produtos da ciência ou etc.? O ideal seria responder a essa pergunta levando em conta todas essas dimensões nem sempre alcançável pedagogicamente.
The role of mentality in the development of the civic culture
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bektanova Aigul Karibaevna
Published: August 2018

The problem of the civil society development after the collapse of the Soviet Union was of particular relevance to the post-Soviet countries. The level of the civic culture of both an individual and society is the most important social and cultural factor in the establishment of civil society. The civic culture development largely depends on the social and psychological, in particular, mental characteristics of society. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of mentality while forming the civic culture. The types of cultural dimensions according to the Dutch social psychologist and anthropologist G. Hofstede are considered. There are six dimensions that determine the quantitative characteristics of national cultures. The author focuses on power distance and uncertainty avoidance that demonstrate the maturity of the civic culture in the society. Based on these studies, the research concludes that the peculiarities of the mentality in the post-Soviet societies have not yet contributed to the intensive establishment of a developed civic culture and a mature civil society.