bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of fine-grained reticulated titanium nickelide in the near-defective tissues of the palate
Authors: Dzhonibekova R. N. , Shakirov M. N. , Mirzoev M. Sh. , Ganiev Kh. A. , Khushvakhtov D. I.
Published: October 2021

Aim. To study the peculiarities of regeneration of fine-gauge reticulated titanium nickelide in near-defective tissues of the palate.Material and methods. The work was carried out on 10 female rabbits of the Shin Shila breed weighing 2,7-3,0 kg; an experimental investigation was carried out in the Central Research Laboratory of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University. As the implantation material, we used a fine mesh titanium nickelide with a thickness of 40-50 microns threads and the size of 50x50 microns cells.Results and discussion. The morphological study revealed that after the surgery the mucous membrane covering the implant was edematous with foci of hyperemia and hemorrhages. Vessels were dilated and full-blooded, small and medium caliber vessels were constricted. In the zone of anastomosis, there were prevailing changes of inflammatory character with slight activation of local immunity. Fifteen days later the mucous membrane in the anastomosis zone partially recovered. Local immunity activation contributes to the restoration of normal structures in the implant area. Later it was noticed that as soon as blood supply to the implant zone was restored almost immediately from the areas bordering the operation zone the sprouting of the covering epithelium cells began.Conclusion. Regeneration processes in the artificially created defective areas of the palate, at the use of the titanium fine mesh nickelide begin on the border of the implant material contact with the tissues of the peri-defective zone at the expense of the local immune reactions activation with the following gradual transition to the other areas.
Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Yer Alan Özel Güvenlik ve Koruma Programlarındaki İlkyardım Dersinin Analizi
Authors: YAĞCI Ali
Published: October 2021

Acil durumlar da yeterli ilkyardım, bilinçli ve doğru bir şekilde uygulandığında hayat kurtarıcı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Herhangi bir kaza yada yaşamı tehlikeye düşüren durumlarda, sağlık ekiplerinin yardımı sağlanıncaya kadar, hayatın kurtarılması veya durumun kötüye gitmesini önleyebilmek için olay yerinde tıbbi araç gereç aranmaksızın, elde mevcut araç ve gereç ile ilaçsız yapılan uygulamaya “ilkyardım” denir. Sakatlık veya ölüm ile sonuçlanabilecek hatalı uygulamalardan kaçınılmalıdır. Bu araştırma; Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin Meslek Yüksekokul’larındaki (MYO) Mülkiyet Koruma ve Güvenlik Bölümü’nde yer alan Özel Güvenlik ve Koruma Programında öğretim programın öngördüğü ilkyardım dersi analiz edilip değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmanın Özel Güvenlik ve Koruma programı üzerinden yapılmasının nedeni; özel güvenlik görevlilerinin, ilkyardım gerektiren olaylarda müdahale gerektiren durumlarda görevli olmasıdır. Araştırma konusunu oluşturan veriler üniversitelerin elektronik web sayfalarında yapılan tarama sonucunda elde edilmiştir. 2021 yılında yapılan veriler ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Nitel bir tarama çalışması ve elde edilen veriler, ders için hedeflenen amaçlar doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, analiz edilmiş ve elde edilen veriler tablolar yardımı ile yordalanmıştır.
Institutional Quality, Infrastructure, and Economic Growth in Africa
Authors: Sahni Herman , Nsiah Christian , Fayissa Bichaka
Published: October 2021

We use a panel data set of 46 African countries over the 2003–15 period to study the role of institutional quality in infrastructure-led growth. Based on the causal analysis, we show large positive effects of growth for countries with strong institutional quality in comparison to their counterparts with weak institutional quality. This result is not sensitive to the choice of a particular measure of infrastructure or institutional quality. Our results suggest the presence of nonlinearities when estimating infrastructure-led growth and emphasize the importance of complementarities influencing such an estimation.
Mark Twain's Legal Burlesques and the Democratization of American Legalese
Authors: Baggett J. Mark
Published: October 2021

Mark Twain's engagement with the “infernal phraseology of the law” spanned his career: from his sketches in Virginia City to the courtroom trials of his novels. Working in the context of legal reform movements, and using his own knowledge and mastery of law and procedure, Twain's legal burlesques develop into fully dramatized narratives of humor and satire in which legal rhetoric and the vernacular act as “infernal or subversive agents” of the authority inherent in the law. Thus, at a time when Samuel Clemens began to fashion the voice of Mark Twain, he worked within the context of reform movements that would democratize and demythologize legal language.
The Mysterious Origins of Twain's “Skeleton Novelette”
Authors: Williams Nathaniel
Published: October 2021

Twain's “A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage” was first published legally in 2001. In its final chapter, we learn the villain once worked for and subsequently murdered Jules Verne. The work is significant as the most prominent overt mention of the French author in Twain's fiction; however, Twain's correspondence with his brother Orion Clemens in 1877–78 suggests that Twain incorporated Verne into the work after their exchange. This would mean the manuscript was not written in 1876 as previously thought. If that is the case, it shows the duration of Twain's dismissal of Verne and the role Orion Clemens played in developing that negative critical view and shaping the manuscript's final chapter.
Dengue in co-infection with Hepatitis B virus in Enugu, Eastern Nigeria: Seroprevalence, impacts and risk of increasing transmission
Authors: Ezea Moses Chukwuemeka  , Chukwuma Okechukwu George  , Igwe Joy Ogugua  , Abone Harrison Odera  , Moses Ikechukwu Benjamin  , Ibezim Chidozie Ngozi  , Esimone Charles Okechukwu
Published: October 2021

This study was designed to investigate the seroprevalence and impact of Haematological and biochemical markers of dengue virus infection among subjects co-infected with hepatitis B virus infection in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study involved a cross-sectional study consisting of 150 subjects (120 discordant and concordant partners of hepatitis B, and 30 controls). Dengue Virus IgM and IgG were analyzed using ELISA rapid kit while HBsAg was screened using a rapid ELISA diagnostic strip. Both Dengue and HBsAg were re-screened later to reaffirm the result using Ichroma Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA). Haematological parameters were analyzed using Mindray autoanalyser while ALT/AST was analyzed using COBASS 111. Statistical analysis was performed using Graph Pad Prism. The results showed a prevalence of 44.7% dengue virus seropositivity among the study population, 43.3% in dengue/hepatitis B co-infected subjects. The dengue virus seropositive participants had significantly greater IgG (70.1%) levels compared to IgM (29.9%), more in females (68.6%) compared to males (31.4%), and predominantly in the age group 31 to 40 years. A significant higher (p<0.005) mean haemoglobin was seen in males compared to females, and there is no significant difference in both WBC and platelets. A greater mean of ALT (p=0.005), AST (p=0.018) is gotten in Dengue/HBV co-infection when compared to non- Dengue/HBV co-infected subjects. This study revealed a high seroprevalence of dengue virus infection and the possibility of hepatic complications. This calls for urgent medical attention and more studies to confirm the circulating strains of the dengue virus as well as its involvement in hepatic complications.
Intussusception: Not just a disease of infants
Authors: Mohammed Alsayed Sheko Dina Hassan , Mohamed Musa Mosaab Abdelgadir , Hamed Hussein Rana Jaffer
Published: October 2021

Adult intussusception is a challenging disease that occurs infrequently, and differs in presentation, etiology, and management from childhood intussusception. In fact, it accounts only for just 5% of all intussusceptions with approximately 1% of cases causing intestinal obstruction.

The diagnosis in adults is often delayed as symptoms are non-specific and of intermittent nature. When present, these symptoms may include abdominal pain as well as nausea and vomiting.

This article focuses on the importance of considering the diagnosis of intussusception in adult patients with relatively uncommon presentations such as hematochezia.
The risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through blood and blood products: The current state of knowledge (international review)
Authors: Bouhou Sabah , Benajiba Mohammed , Masrar Azlarab
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Severe acute reparatory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently emerged coronavirus, and infection with SARS-CoV-2 can remain asymptomatic or lead to coronavirus infection disease. Clinical pictures range from a pre-clinical stage to severe pneumonia. The presence of this pre-clinical infection stage could pose a problem for the management of the transfusion chain as donors or employees may become infected during their travels or activities, and this may exponentially increase the number of infected but asymptomatic individuals. So, SARS-CoV-2 may pose a threat to blood safety.

Aim: In this study, we want to provide the necessary information about the real risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via blood and blood products. It constitutes one of the most controversial topics with several critical questions for which both professionals in blood centers and health services seek apparent answers.

Methods: It is a literature review where we have consulted relevant papers and articles about the real risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through blood or blood products. For this purpose, scientific research sites were consulted using key terms search strategy. Thus, we compiled and presented the necessary information from (i) positions of international scientific societies and public bodies; (ii) available data to date on detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the blood of COVID-19 patients and blood donors; and (iii) published cases of transfusion of blood products from donors confirmed COVID-19 positive after donation and the process in recipients of these products.

Results: All papers published to date stipulated that SARS-CoV-2 is a new infectious agent. No sufficient information is available to exclude with certainty the risk of transfusion transmission, which remains a theoretical risk. SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected very lowly, but virus infectivity has not been confirmed in blood donors. Reported cases of product transfusion from COVID-19 positive donors after a donation have not provided any evidence of transmission of the virus to recipients. As a precautionary measure, blood transfusion centers have set up necessary measures to reduce the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through blood products and ensure the safety of donors and recipients. Strengthening the hemovigilance system and post-donation information is an essential link for blood safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: All data available to date stipulated that SARS-CoV-2 is not transfusion-transmitted and that the risk of transmission of this new coronavirus through blood and blood products is still theoretical. This novel coronavirus may be no direct threat to blood safety but raises serious issues for general blood supply. All measures taken by blood centers to secure blood donation against this new virus are preventive measures that should consider the need to ensure the availability of blood products.
A-3 Sahaba; their Ijitihad and School of thoughts in understanding Quranic Text and its academic importance
Authors: Qureshi Nasrullah , Chhijan Hadi Bux
Published: October 2021

The generation of Sahaba is only generation, observed the revelation of the Quran-primary source of Islam and its teachings-. They were aware of the surroundings, backgrounds and reasons of its revelations. Whenever they faced any problem about understanding of the Quran, they went to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in person during his life-time. When the Prophet died, they tried to understand the meanings of the Quran by its natural method; got aid from Mufasir Sahaba, Arabic Literature of the time. This period showed their understanding abilities, skills to tackle An-Nawazil, and etc. Also the period was the beginning of development of different Islamic sciences. This study will discuss in detail their methods of understanding the Quran, and its major schools of thout in detail.
E-13 Role of Gogera District in the War of Independence-1857
Authors: Tahir Abdul Rashid , Khan Qaswar Abbas
Published: October 2021

Different ethnic groups of India challenged the British Raj in the Great War of Independence-1857. A large number of local soldiers from different districts of Punjab province also left the British Army to stand up against the brutality of East India Company. Meanwhile, the people of the Gogera District played their vital role against the colonial forces. Among them, Ahmad Khan Kharal, Murad Fatiana, and their comrades set up a freedom fight at a vast level to challenge the hegemony of the imperialistic Army.  Their struggle had such momentum that it nullified the British control over a large area of Punjab, especially the Gogera District. Another development that invited the colonial wrath was that the people of the Gogera District refused to give revenue to the British government. This was an open rebellion that posed a serious challenge to the British Authority. The freedom fighters under the leadership of Ahmad Khan Kharal sacrificed their lives to protect their religious, cultural, and ethnic values.  In this article, the resistance and the revolutionary role of the masses of Gogera are evaluated.
E-5 Religious Conservatism and the Case of Islamiazation: Examining the Roots of Talibanization in Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Ullah Kiramat , Rahman Khalil ur
Published: October 2021

It is generally believed that Malakand Division has witnessed unprecedented Jehadism, Islamization and later on Talibanization. This article aims to analyze the process of religious conservatism and Talibanization with special emphasize on Sufi Muhammad and Fazlullah led Shariah movement on the northerly Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The paper discusses about the background, emergence, process of Tlibanization and the role of Sufi Muhammad and Fazlullah for the implementation of Shariah in Malakand Division. A descriptive method was used in which both primary and secondary sources in the form of Interviews, autobiography journals, books and reports were consulted and reviewed while carrying out this research. The article highlights that Sufi Muhammad and Fazlullah, the militant leader of Tahrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) was intended to implement Shariah law through an unlawful and violent armed struggle in Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In this regard, the FM radio channel was brought into use to mobilize masses to challenge the writ of the state by establishing parallel court in the region. In the process, many civilians, government servants, and large numbers of notables were being killed for in Talibnization process in Malaknd Division.
ՍՈՑԻԱԼԱԿԱՆ ՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԳԱՂԱՓԱՐԻ ԵՎ ՍՈՑԻԱԼԱԿԱՆ ՊԱՇՏՊԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԻՆՍՏԻՏՈՒՏՆԵՐԻ ԾԱԳՈՒՄՆ ՈՒ ԶԱՐԳԱՑՈՒՄԸ ԱՐԴԻ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆՈՒՄ/THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NOTION OF SOCIAL STATE AND SOCIAL PROTECTION INSTITUTES IN CONTEMPORARY ARMENIA/СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ИДЕИ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА И ИНСТИТУТОВ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ АРМЕНИИ
Authors: Jomardyan Nune
Published: October 2021

This article presents four phases of social state formation and development in the Republic of Armenia. Based on the assessment of the constitutional developments, the establishment of a social protection system, as well as the assessment of the social protection of the population under the free market economy, the article describes Armenia as a formal social state.
ՄԵԴԻԱՏՈՐԻ ԿԱՐԳԱՎԻՃԱԿԻ ԻՐԱՎԱՀՈԳԵԲԱՆԱԿԱՆ ՎԵՐԼՈՒԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ/LEGAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MEDIATOR STATUS/ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЙ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ СТАТУСА МЕДИАТОРА
Authors: Chobanyan Armine
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes several issues related to the legal status and personal characteristics of the madiator. There are listed many factors, that impede mediation in Armenia (the level of conflict, features of mentality, personality attributes). It is proposed to improve the organization of training courses for intermediaries.
MECHANISMS OF PROMOTING PROFICIENCY OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE RA HIGH SCHOOLS/ԱՆԳԼԵՐԵՆԻ ԽՈՍՔԱՅԻՆ ՀՄՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԶԱՐԳԱՑՄԱՆ ՄԵԹՈԴՆԵՐԸ ԵՎ ԴՐԱՆՑ ԱՐԴՅՈՒՆԱՎԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԲԱՐՁՐԱՑՄԱՆ ՈՒՂԻՆԵՐԸ ՀՀ ԱՎԱԳ ԴՊՐՈՑՆԵՐՈՒՄ/МЕТОДЫ РАЗВИТИЯ НАВЫКОВ ВЛАДЕНИЯ АНГЛИЙСКИМ ЯЗЫКОМ И СПОСОБЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ В СРЕДНИХ ШКОЛАХ АРМЕНИИ
Authors: Mkhitaryan Irina , Meloyan Knarik
Published: October 2021

In this day and age, English is a dominant international language and correspondingly is the indispensable inkling to the ever-changing world of science. Yet from this perspective, it becomes paramount to promote speaking skill for better employability. Speaking English is extremely important to all, especially for EFL learners since they must make sure first that the hearer understands what is being said or delivered before speaking. During speaking activities, students confront some difficulties and to solve these problems the researchers of this article have determined to explore the efficient mechanisms to improve the pupils’ speaking proficiency and identify the favorable atmosphere in the process of implementing games and activities in the scope of the teaching and learning process, particularly in high schools of the Republic of Armenia. In order to minimize the learners’ problem, the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method has been applied to improve EFL pupils’ speaking skills undertaken during classes.
Brendiranje škola stranog jezika kao organizatora neformalnog obrazovanja odraslih
Authors: Miljković Jovan , Todorović Marija
Published: October 2021

A brand could be named as the marketing goal of any organization, including the educational one. The issue of brand in education is becoming more and more actual, but the current focus of the scientifc community has remained mainly on branding higher education, while non-formal adult education organizations on this issue have been largely ignored. Therefore, we conducted research to determine whether users of non-formal education organizations perceive the educational service provider as a brand, as well as to identify which activities are carried out by non-formal education organizations to reach this level of connection with their users. The research used a combination of quantitative-qualitative research paradigm, with a multiple case study as a research model and a descriptive method as the dominant one. The research sample consists of managers and students of the analyzed foreign language schools. The results of the research indicate that non-formal education organizations in Serbia follow world trends and make eﬀorts to achieve the status of an educational brand, that branding is not a uniform process, and that each organization and their strategies have certain specifcs.
Sarkopenia pada Lansia: Problem Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana
Authors:   RSUP Sanglah, Aryana I Gusti Putu Suka
Published: October 2021

Sarkopenia merupakan penurunan massa otot ynag disertai dengan penurunan kekuatan otot dan atau performanya. Hal ini sering dianggap sebagai perubahan fisiologi biasa akibat proses penuaan dan sering tidak mendapatkan perhatian. Faktanya, sarkopenia merupakan pintu masuk awal dari semua penyakit yang ditakuti seperti diabetes. Sarkopenia meningkatkan resiko kejadian osteoporosis, diabetes, penyakit jantung koroner, hipertensi bahkan kanker. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena otot memiliki hubungan secara sistemik dengan seluruh organ tubuh kita. Buku ini dimaksudkan sebagai sumber yang bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa kedokteran, residen, rekan sejawat, juga klinisi dan peneliti. Dalam buku ini membahas problem dan tataklasana sarkopenia secara komprehensif. Penulis berharap buku ini akan memenuhi tujuan yang diinginkan dalam memberikan pengetahuan praktis yang dapat langsung diterapkan untuk meningkatkan perawatan pasien.
Using machine learning to create a decision tree model to predict outcomes of COVID-19 cases in the Philippines
Authors: Migriño Julius , Batangan Ani Regina
Published: October 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to create a decision tree model with machine learning to predict the outcomes of COVID-19 cases from data publicly available in the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) COVID Data Drop. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional records review of the DOH COVID Data Drop for 25 August 2020. Resolved cases that had either recovered or died were used as the final data set. Machine learning processes were used to generate, train and validate a decision tree model. Results: A list of 132 939 resolved COVID-19 cases was used. The notification rates and case fatality rates were higher among males (145.67 per 100 000 and 2.46%, respectively). Most COVID-19 cases were clustered among people of working age, and older cases had higher case fatality rates. The majority of cases were from the National Capital Region (590.20 per 100 000), and the highest case fatality rate (5.83%) was observed in Region VII. The decision tree model prioritized age and history of hospital admission as predictors of mortality. The model had high accuracy (81.42%), sensitivity (81.65%), specificity (81.41%) and area under the curve (0.876) but a poor F-score (16.74%). Discussion: The model predicted higher case fatality rates among older people. For cases aged >51 years, a history of hospital admission increased the probability of COVID-19-related death. We recommend that more comprehensive primary COVID-19 data sets be used to create more robust prognostic models.
A Casa da Câmara de São Luís e o movimento higienista: a segregação da cadeia no século XIX
Authors: Mota Antonia da Silva
Published: October 2021

A Casa de Câmara e Cadeia de São Luís (MA) e as mudanças pelas quais passou sob as injunções do movimento “Higienista” são o foco deste estudo. O embate entre o discurso sanitarista dos médicos, que mais e mais se afirmava, com a mentalidade atrasada das elites locais alcançou um novo patamar na segunda metade do século XIX, quando então a cadeia pública e os encarcerados foram colocados fora dos muros da cidade, muito distante de seu sítio original, na praça principal e ao lado do palácio de governo. No final dos oitocentos, a secular edificação passou a abrigar a Intendência Municipal, passando por um processo de aformoseamento, adquirindo contornos neoclássicos.
Značaj prevjeravanja glavnine zahumsko-dukljanskog življa iz katolicizma u pravoslavlje (13. – 14. stoljeće)
Authors: Mrduljaš Saša
Published: October 2021

U oblikovanju etničkih razlika između Hrvata, Bošnjaka, Srba i Crnogoraca presudnu je ulogu, uz posebnosti vezane uz političko-povijesni razvoj, imala religija. Na ovdašnjim prostorima prva važna vjerska distinkcija proizišla je iz njihove razdiobe između katolicizma i pravoslavlja. Međutim, inicijalna linija razdvajanja, okvirno ona iz vremena crkvenog raskola 1054. nije se dugo održala. Do njezina pomjeranja na štetu katolicizma dolazi nakon što su nekadašnje primorske kneževine Zahumlje, Travunija i Duklja, locirane između Neretve i Bojane, krajem 12. stoljeća došle pod vlast pravoslavne Srbije. S ciljem vjerske unifikacije države, a time i stabilnosti vladalačkih pozicija, pod srpskom se dinastijom Nemanjića odvio proces masovnog prevjeravanja katoličkog zahumsko-dukljanskog življa u pravoslavlje. Ono je vjerojatno bilo najintenzivnije u razdoblju između osnivanja autokefalne srpske crkve, tj. Žičke / Pećke arhiepiskopije 1219. i kraja 13. stoljeća. Na taj način zahumsko-dukljanski prostor je do polovice 14. vijeka i okončanja srpske vlasti glavninom postao pravoslavnim. U priloženom radu, pored opisa političko-vjerskih prilika koje su prethodile pravoslavizaciji i utjecale na njezino provođenje, pokušat ćemo istaknuti dalekosežnost njezina značaja za ovdašnje etničke suodnose.
Caracterización de los indicadores de la calidad del agua en el municipio de La Unión, Lempira en Honduras
Authors: Barrientos Castellanos Fredy , Varela Murillo Ingris , Ruiz Cardona Jenny , Lagos Hernandez Suany , Chavarría Carrión Leonardo , Marcía Fuentes Jhunior
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de agua en el municipio de la Unión, Lempira en Honduras. Se utilizó como material experimental agua potabilizada de la zona, con temperatura de prueba de 190 C ± 20 C, empleando la metodología propuesta por la Norma Técnica Nacional para la Calidad del Agua Potable (1995). Los resultados determinaron que el Índice de Calidad de Agua (ICA) es de 71.94 % ± 5.04 %, con un caudal de salida de 0.156 m3/s y un caudal de entrada de 0.12 m3/s, generando una eficiencia de flujo del 76.92 %, además los parámetros físicos y químicos de las pruebas en diferentes puntos de aplicación, están dentro de los límites permisibles de esta normativa. Sin embargo, se evidencio cepas de coliformes fecales. Concluyendo que el caudal de agua y el ICA se categorizan como buenos, sin embargo, se evidencio contaminación por el alto número de coliformes, generando una alerta sobre su consumo en la salud pública de esta población.
Exploration a New Model for Assessment the Environmental Risk of Dams in Construction Stage (Case Study: Balarood Dam, Khuzestan)
Authors: Movahednejad Farzaneh
Published: October 2021

Dam projects have serious influences on environmental parameters; therefore, environment risk assessment of dam is one of the most significant aspects of environmental risk management in these projects. The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model for assessing the environmental risk of dams in construction stage. After identifying environmental risks and using the EFMEA method, the risk priority number for each of the environmental aspects was calculated and classified. Then, to assess and prioritize the identified environmental risks, the VIKOR method was used. The results showed that in The EFMEA method and by comparing calculated risk numbers, the risk of water pollution of Balarood River with the risk priority number of 125 is in the first priority. In the VIKOR method, the risks of water pollution in terms of agreement (high, average, low) with weights (1,300, 1,000 and 0,700) were identified as the most important risks. In the present article, using EFMEA and VIKOR methods in the environmental risk assessment of the dam, the most important risks were determined. The most important proposed corrective measure to reduce the environmental risks is the construction and completion of wastewater treatment for industrial units.
Modeling of the components of the natural environment
Authors: Kuznetsov Evgeny , Khadzhidi Anna , Kuznetsovа Margarita , Pushenko Sergey
Published: October 2021

The article substantiates the management of the agroresource potential of agricultural landscapes (ARPA) by an integral risk indicator on a digital platform in the Google system to improve the reclamation state of soils. The digital platform for managing the agroresource potential is located in the Hilbert separable space vector field. Management of the agroresource potential proceeds along with a change in the intensity of the energy flow of the substance, which is formed from the use of melioration techniques Energy affects the land reclamation state (LRS) of the agricultural landscape. It has a significant impact on the integral indicators of resource risks. To assess the reclamation state of the agricultural landscape, a critical risk indicator (IIR) has been developed, a resource risk model, which is a simulation and resource model, as it combines various quantitative indicators of LRS with dimensionless risk indicators and determines the critical state of the resource. The base of the computer program contains a resource risk model IIR, which includes risk indicators and the risk safety scale (SSR), which makes it possible to assess the resource potential of the agricultural landscape. The IIR model is adapted to the natural resources of a real agricultural landscape. The basis of the model is the resource risks LRS, with the help of which the management of the reclamation state of the farming landscape is carried out. Optimization of the integral risk indicator for taxa resources reduces the volume of work performed by reclamation techniques.
Priorities of public debt policy and security of the national economy
Authors: Voronkova Elena Konstantinovna , Gromova Elena Ivanovna , Anvarov Rustam , Keri Igor Talievich , Popkov Sergey Yuryevich
Published: October 2021

The article examines the content of public debt policy as an object of economic security in terms of methodological and practical aspects based on the assessment of debt sustainability using a system of indicators. The authors raise the issue of the need to develop a public debt management mechanism, to search for new strategies and tools, including by strengthening the functional role of international financial institutions.
Portable microwave radiometer for wearable devices
Authors: Vesnin Sergey G. , Sedankin Mikhail K. , Ovchinnikov Lev M. , Gudkov Alexander G. , Leushin Vitaly Yu. , Sidorov Igor A. , Goryanin Igor I.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a new circuit of the miniature microwave radiometer for wearable devices, which can be used to monitor the core body temperature (CBT) of internal human tissues continuously 24/7. The measurement results of the proposed device, as opposed to the known miniature wearable radiometers, remain unchanged when the impedance of the examined area varies. We have derived an analytical expression for radiometer measurement error based on parameters of device components. This formula allows accuracies to be estimated and optimal parameters of the circuit to be selected to minimise measurement error at a design stage. It is shown that measurement error is independent of the antenna reflection coefficient and the temperature of the radiometer front-end. A prototype of the single-channel miniature radiometer has 32 х 25 х 14 mm3 dimensions and USB interface communication with PC. A 28-hour run of the device has shown that it is highly stable, and a maximum drift in temperature is 0.15 ̊C. Operating frequency range was 3400-4100 MHz, supply voltage - 5V; power supply of the radiometer in measurement mode is 210 mA; time constant of the radiometer without being averaged is 0.6 sec, at the same time, standard deviation δ = 0.17 ̊С, with further averaging during 4 sec δ=0.052 ̊С, with averaging during 30 sec δ =0.017 ̊C; when there were input reflections R2=0.25, an error in measuring brightness temperature shifted by 0.2 ̊ C; with 10 ̊C variations in ambient temperature the shift was 0.15 ̊C. Introduction of self-contained power supply and wireless communication with smartphone have made it possible to use the proposed radiometer as a wearable device to monitor the temperature of internal tissues and CBT during human activities.
RAPID RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LURASIDONE HYHROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND TABLET FORM
Authors: Vijaya Sri K. , Shiva Kumar M. , Sravani A. ,   Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Maisammaguda, (Affiliated to Osmania University) Secunderabad - 500 014, Telangana, India.
Published: October 2021

The RP-HPLC were developed and validated for the estimation of lurasidone HCl as per ICH guidelines. A simple, fast, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed by using methanol: water containing 0.01% ortho phosphoric acid in the ratio of 70:30 (V/V). The method was developed in Eclipse C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm particle size). The method was found to be linear in the range of 2.5- 15µg/mL with a correlation coefficient value of 0.999. The accuracy studies of RP-HPLC method was performed at three different levels, i.e., 50%, 100%, and 150% and recovery was found to be in the range of 100.1-100.6% .The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.30-0.92. Satisfactory validation was also obtained from recovery (99.8%) studies, intra-day and interday precision and robustness 2%. The proposed method was found to be accurate, precise and rapid for the analysis of lurasidone.
EXTRACTION AND ISOLATION OF NUCIFERINE FROM LOTUS LEAVES USING FLASH CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Patel N. A. , Jadhav A. P. ,   Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Sector-8, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai - 400 614, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2021

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (Family: Nelumbonaceae), commonly known as lotus, is an aquatic perennial plant. The lotus leaves are used to treat fever, hematemesis, hyperlipidaemia and obesity. The leaves are rich in alkaloids such as nuciferine, roemerine, pronuciferine and N-nornuciferine, which are responsible for biological activity of leaf. In the present work, rapid and efficient flash chromatographic process for selective isolation of nuciferine from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn was developed. The rate of extraction and purity of nuciferine depends upon the solvent used for extraction and optimized chromatographic conditions. Methanol was found to be best solvent for highest possible recovery of the nuciferine from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Flash chromatography, also known as medium pressure chromatography, is used to speed up the flow of solvent, which decreases the time needed to purify the sample. The purified sample of nuciferine was then characterized by UV spectroscopy, HPTLC and HPLC-MS.
COMPARING THE REPELLENCY OF DIFFERENT PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST MOSQUITO CULEX PIPIENS
Authors: Torki M. , Akbari A. , Motevali Haghi F. ,   Department of Carpet, Faculty of Architecture & Arts, University of Kashan, Kashan – 8731753153, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Due to diminishing man-vector contact, repellency is an important way of preventing vector borne diseases. Mosquitoes control and peoples protection from biting by the mosquitoes are the most significant ways to prevent the diseases that have been transmitted by the mosquitoes. Usage of repellants, especially herbal smokes, is one of the proper methods to protect individuals. In this study, four herbs include Rosa damascena Mill, Lavandula officinalis, Eucalyptus globulus and Mentha longifolia L were examined. After preparing the essential oil of each herb, with a certain concentration, a cotton fabric was stained by using the herbs and at animal test stage, their repelling property against Culex pipiens mosquito was evaluated. Finally, the repelling effect of the fabric stained with the essential oils with the chemical combination repelling N, N-diethyl 3-methyl benzamid, as (DEET) was compared as well. The results of repelling effect of the essential oils of Rosa damascena Mill, Mentha longifolia L, Lavandula officinalis and Eucalyptus globulus was 83%, 96%, 81% and 85%, respectively. Mentha longifolia L (96%) had the highest repelling effect; however Lavandula officinalis (81%) has the least repelling effect respectively. Thus, this work showed that some herbal essential oils can be used as natural repellent materials to improve public health.
EVALUATION OF HERBAL EXTRACTS SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY USING TISSUE STEM CELLS
Authors: Priya S. ,   Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai - 600 007, India.
Published: October 2021

Herbal stem cell therapy promotes endogenous stem cell proliferation and differentiation and is ued in the treatment of various human diseases. At present, recommendations are warranted to support the consumption of foods rich in bioactive components. Stem cells and progenitor cells from organs form the basis for well-being of the mammalian system. Analysis based on these cultured cells would form a viable alternative to stem cell transplantation, and would facilitate to design approaches that stimulate endogenous stem cells through diet to promote healing and regeneration. In the present study, synergistic activity of selected herbs such as Phyllanthus amarus, Myristica fragrans, Ocimum sanctum and Withania somnifera were analysed for their stem cell proliferation enhancing activity using goat bone marrow derived stem cells.
Dezvoltarea fitoplanctonului fluviului Nistru și lacului de acumulare Dubăsari în condițiile impactului factorilor naturali și antropici
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Ungureanu Laurentia , Tumanova Daria ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Ungureanu Grigore ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of study of qualitative and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton of the Dniester River within the Republic of Moldova and Dubasari reservoir in 2020. In phytoplankton compositions of the Dniester River were identified 64 species, Dubasari Lake – 56 species. The numbers of phytoplankton changed within the limits 0,39 to 16,99 mln. cel/l with biomass 0,7-17,19 g/m3 in Dniester River and in Dubasari Lake – 3,47-14,83 mln. cel/l with biomass 4,76-11,29 g/m3. The values of saprobic indexes, estimated on the basis of species-indicators from phytoplankton composition, which are in proportion of 60% typically β-mezosaprobic, confirm the following: the water quality of Dniester River and Dubasari Lake in the period of 2020 year was satisfactory for the development of phytoplankton and was attributed mainly to II-III (good-moderately polluted) quality classes.
Evaluarea stării comunităților zooplanctonice în condițiile schimbării mediului acvatic
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Lebedenco Liubovi
Published: October 2021

This paper presents research results on the assessment of the status of zooplankton communities under the conditions of changing aquatic environment of the Dniester and Prut Rivers. The current climatic conditions have contributed to the change of the hydrological regime of the investigated ecosystems. The influence on zooplankton was manifested on the one hand by restructuring the species composition and disturbances in quantitative parameters, and on the other hand by increasing the density of zooplankton communities during the study year.
Măsuri de întărire a capacității de adaptare la schimbările climatice a ecosistemelor acvatice
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Andreev Nadejda
Published: October 2021

The current article presents a bibliographic overview of green infrastructures and their role in strengthening the adaptive capacity of aquatic ecosystems to the adverse effects of climate change (high temperatures, heavy rains, droughts). Different types of ecological infrastructures are presented: forest buffer strips, rain gardens, permeable pavement, drainage ditches; bioengineering structures for bank stabilization. Also the functions performed by green infrastructures to maintain ecosystem services were presented: mitigating the effects of floods, stabilizing banks, preventing landslides and water caused erosion, stormwater management, reducing the load of pollutants. For the implementation of this approach in the hydrographic basin of Dniester River or the Prut River a more detailed study is necessary on the state of habitats, identification of hotspot areas of aquatic biodiversity, particularly those species important for maintaining of ecosystem functions, highlighting of the areas at high risk of floods or erosion.
Género, ciudad y violencia(s). Territorialidades y cartografías emergentes
Authors: Czytajlo Natalia
Published: October 2021

Dos procesos paradojales concurren en las ciudades de América Latina ante el avance neoliberal en la región: por un lado, las violencias que se expresan particularmente sobre el cuerpo de las mujeres y los cuerpos disidentes y por otro, las expresiones de sujetos emergentes, en particular del movimiento de mujeres, en el espacio público. El presente trabajo indaga en las relaciones entre las dimensiones simbólico-representativa y material-física de las construcciones de género y la(s) violencia(s) en el espacio público de la ciudad. Incorpora el análisis de iniciativas en el espacio metropolitano de Tucumán. Los resultados presentados devienen de una estrategia de trabajo desarrollada en un espacio de experimentación universitaria vinculado a la temática del género y el urbanismo. Se utilizan enfoques y métodos del urbanismo, la antropología, la geografía. En particular se adopta la cartografía social como herramienta interpretativa e instrumento para la acción por el derecho a la ciudad.
Effects of Folic Acid Consumption on Newborn Defects and Miscarriage, and Content Uniformity Analysis of Three Different Brands of Folic Acid Tablets Dosage Forms
Authors: Mohamed Adel B , Ali Azza M , Magid Samia A
Published: October 2021

There is a recent rise in the number of birth defects. This could be related to folic acid deficiency. Folic acid, as an antioxidant, is an important factor in preventing birth defects during embryonic development. This study, via content uniformity measurements and medical history, aimed to investigate the role of folic acid before and during pregnancy and to measure the content uniformity of different brands of folic acid tablets. The statistical study aimed to determine the relationship between folic acid consumption, miscarriage, and anomalies in newborn babies. The study studied a sample of 300 women based on their medical records. There was no significant effect (p-value = 0.143) of folic acid consumption on the frequency of anomalies. On the other hand, there was a high significant relation (p-value = 0.003) between folic acid consumption and miscarriage. The correlation, principally with miscarriage, coincides with previous studies and highlights the importance of folic acid supplementation before and during gestation. Content uniformity measurements were made on three famous folic acid brands (Folic Acid-Nile, Folicum-Julphar and Wockhardt-UK) available at local pharmacies. Measurements on the three folic acid brands were conducted in compliance with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) (2010) test for content uniformity. Ten tablets from each brand were tested using the UV spectrophotometric method. The results showed that only the first brand name passed the content uniformity test, while the other two brands did not comply with the standards. This result highlights the problem of under-dosing in commercially available folic acid dosage forms, and identifies the need for taking action towards the implementation of quality control on all medical drugs.
Successful Treatment of Mesentric Panniculitis by Using Small Doses of Ster-oid for a Short Period: Case Report
Authors: Ibrahim Olla A M , Alwamy Salah M , Alhaen Enas M
Published: October 2021

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare inflammatory disease affecting the adipose tissue of the mesentery and colon. Less than 300 cases had been reported worldwide by 2016. There is a lack of universal consensus regarding management guidelines, and the cases are treated on an individual basis. Therefore, successful management of this case by using small doses of steroid would empower clinician's experience of how to manage such cases. A 62-year-old female has a known case of hypertension and bronchial asthma, presented by exacerbation and acute abdominal pain. Lab results revealed a mild elevation in inflammatory markers and bilirubin. Computed tomography showed typical findings of mesenteric panniculitis. The case was managed by a small steroid dose for a short period till the symptoms were controlled, thereafter the dose was safely tapered gradually. A follow-up scan revealed complete resolution of the disease. The literature reports different types of therapy, ranging from observation to medical therapy and even surgical interventions. Reported cases were treated by different protocols using steroids, cytotoxic drugs, antibiotics and radiotherapy has been used in some cases, Reporting this case would raise awareness of how symptoms would present, what is the essential diagnostic tool to be used, and highlighting the possibility of using a small dose of steroid to successfully manage such cases.
Examination of Escherichia coli Bacteria in Blood Cockle Satay (Anadara granosa) Sold at Surabaya Traditional Market, Indonesia
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Mahasri Gunanti , Kusdarwati Rahayu
Published: October 2021

Cockle satay is one of the Surabaya local food made from the blood cockle (Anadara granosa). Blood cockle, commonly known as a filter feeder, is found in many Surabaya traditional markets. However, it potentially accumulates pollutant substances, both heavy metal or microbial so that improper handling and processing can cause pathogenic bacteria contamination. The present study aimed to investigate the contamination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria in blood cockle satay (Anadara granosa) sold at Surabaya traditional market. The current study used a descriptive observational research design with a quantitative approach. A total of 11 samples were employed using cluster sampling. The obtained data were compared with those of Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology and Indonesian national standard. Based on the obtained results, five samples included E. coli with negative Methyl Red (MR) characteristics, negative Voges-Proskauer (VP) negative citric and positive indole. The Most Probable Number test for six samples indicated a value of <3.0 mpn/gr for one sample, 3.0 mpn/gr for two samples, and 3.6 mpn/gr for three samples. It can be concluded that the blood cockle satay samples sold at Surabaya traditional market (Indonesia) were contaminated with E. coli bacteria.
Western Blot Analysis to Detect Cross-reaction in Toxocara vitulorum Protein with Anti-Mecistocirrus digitatus Serum
Authors: Anggraini Desy Meta , Kusnoto Ir.H , Sarudji Suryanie
Published: October 2021

Worm infections are found in livestock and can be transmitted to humans. Toxocara vitulorum is a worm species which commonly infected people. Cross-reaction among worms can generate false positive to establish helminthiasis diagnosis through antibody inspection. This study aimed to determine specific proteins that caused cross-reaction between Toxocara vitulorum antigen and anti-M. digitatus serum by using the western blot technique. In the present study, the whole worms extracted of T. vitulorum and M. digitatus have been used to make polyclonal antibodies from M. digitatus with Wistar rats as hosts. The cross-reaction between whole worm extract of T. vitulorum protein and anti-M. digitatus serum obtained 12 protein bands that each relative molecular mass (Mr) valued of 176, 124, 92, 68, 59, 47, 31, 29, 26, 16, 12, and 10 kDa. Cross-reaction occurred between T. vitulorum protein and anti-M. digitatus.