bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raman scattering from the bulk inactive out–of–plane $${{\bf{B}}}_{{\bf{2}}{\bf{g}}}^{{\bf{1}}}$$ mode in few–layer MoTe2
Authors: Grzeszczyk M. , Gołasa K. , Molas M. R. , Nogajewski K. , Zinkiewicz M. , Potemski M. , Wysmołek A. , Babiński A.
Published: December 2018

We report a study of Raman scattering in few-layer MoTe2 focused on high-frequency out-of-plane vibrational modes near 291 cm−1 which are associated with the bulk-inactive $${{\rm{B}}}_{2{\rm{g}}}^{1}$$

B

2
g

1

mode. Our temperature-dependent measurements reveal a double peak structure of the feature related to these modes in the Raman scattering spectra of 4- and 5-layer MoTe2. In accordance with literature data, the doublet’s lower- and higher-energy components are ascribed to the Raman-active A1g/$${{\bf{A}}{\boldsymbol{^{\prime} }}}_{{\bf{1}}}$$

A
′

1

vibrations involving, respectively, only the inner and surface layers. We demonstrate a strong enhancement of the inner mode’s intensity at low temperature for 1.91 eV and 1.96 eV laser light excitation which suggests a resonant character of the Raman scattering processes probed under such conditions. A resonance of the laser light with a singularity of the electronic density of states at the M point of the MoTe2 Brillouin zone is proposed to be responsible for the observed effects.
Space- and time-resolved investigation on diffusion kinetics of human skin following macromolecule delivery by microneedle arrays
Authors: Wei Jonathan C. J. , Haridass Isha N. , Crichton Michael L. , Mohammed Yousuf H. , Meliga Stefano C. , Sanchez Washington Y. , Grice Jeffrey E. , Benson Heather A. E. , Roberts Michael S. , Kendall Mark A. F.
Published: December 2018

Microscale medical devices are being developed for targeted skin delivery of vaccines and the extraction of biomarkers, with the potential to revolutionise healthcare in both developing and developed countries. The effective clinical development of these devices is dependent on understanding the macro-molecular diffusion properties of skin. We hypothesised that diffusion varied according to specific skin layers. Using three different molecular weights of rhodamine dextran (RD) (MW of 70, 500 and 2000 kDa) relevant to the vaccine and therapeutic scales, we deposited molecules to a range of depths (0–300 µm) in ex vivo human skin using the Nanopatch device. We observed significant dissipation of RD as diffusion with 70 and 500 kDa within the 30 min timeframe, which varied with MW and skin layer. Using multiphoton microscopy, image analysis and a Fick’s law analysis with 2D cartesian and axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates, we reported experimental trends of epidermal and dermal diffusivity values ranging from 1–8 µm2 s−1 to 1–20 µm2 s−1 respectively, with a significant decrease in the dermal-epidermal junction of 0.7–3 µm2 s−1. In breaching the stratum corneum (SC) and dermal-epidermal junction barriers, we have demonstrated practical application, delivery and targeting of macromolecules to both epidermal and dermal antigen presenting cells, providing a sound knowledge base for future development of skin-targeting clinical technologies in humans.
Antithrombotic effects and related mechanisms of Salvia deserta Schang root EtOAc extracts
Authors: Kasimu Rena , Wang Xinling , Wang Xiaomei , Hu Junping , Wang Xiaoqing , Mu Yuming
Published: December 2018

Salvia deserta Schang (SDS) belongs to the same family as Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, one of the antithrombotic Chinese herbal medicines. In our study, EtOAc root extracts were analyzed for their effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in rabbits and FeCl3-induced rat common carotid artery thrombosis as well as on rat blood plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1α), antithrombin-III (AT-III), protein C (PC), plasminogen (PLG), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). EtOAc extracts from SDS roots had significant inhibitory effects on ADP-induced maximum platelet aggregation rate (10.2 ± 2.6 vs control 35.7 ± 5.2; P < 0.05), reduced the FeCl3-induced rat common carotid artery thrombus weight and thrombus area ratio (P < 0.05), significantly decreased plasma TXB2, vWF and PAI-1 levels and increased 6-keto-PGF1α and t-PA levels in a dose dependent manner (all P < 0.05). Thus, the ratio of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the ratio of t-PA/PAI-1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05). In addition, enhanced AT-III and PC activities indicated coagulation inactivation effects of EtOAc SDS root extracts. EtOAc extraction from SDS showed antithrombotic effects, which are likely due to platelet adhesion and aggregation inhibition as well as anticoagulant activities.
The Development of a Preference for Procedural Justice for Self and Others
Authors: Dunham Yarrow , Durkin Allison , Tyler Tom R.
Published: December 2018

Adults prefer fair processes (“procedural justice”) over equal outcomes (“distributive justice”). This preference impacts their judgments of others in addition to their willingness to cooperate, raising questions about whether similar preferences drive judgments and behavior in children. The present study examines the development of this preference for procedural justice by testing children’s attitudes towards procedural justice using a resource allocation task in both first- and third-party contexts, and in contexts in which the procedurally just process does versus does not create distributional injustice. Results from children 4 to 8 years of age demonstrate that children robustly attend to and prefer procedural justice over distributive justice. However, younger children are less likely to prefer methods that are procedurally just or that create distributively just outcomes in first-party contexts, when distributive injustice might favor them. Results suggest an interplay between abstract justice concerns and the emerging ability to override selfishness.
Bioluminescent reporter assay for monitoring ER stress in human beta cells
Authors: Kracht Maria J. L. , de Koning Eelco J. P. , Hoeben Rob C. , Roep Bart O. , Zaldumbide Arnaud
Published: December 2018

During type 1 diabetes development, cells in the islets of Langerhans engage adaptive mechanisms in response to inflammatory signals to cope with stress, to restore cellular homeostasis, and to preserve cell function. Disruption of these mechanisms may induce the formation of a repertoire of stress-induced neoantigens, which are critical in the loss of tolerance to beta cells and the development of autoimmunity. While multiple lines of evidence argue for a critical role of the endoplasmic reticulum in these processes, the lack of tools to specifically monitor beta cell stress hampers the development of therapeutic interventions focusing on maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Here we designed and evaluated a stress-induced reporter in which induction of stress correlates with increased light emission. This Gaussia luciferase-based reporter system employs the unconventional cytoplasmic splicing of XBP1 to report ER stress in cells exposed to known ER-stress inducers. Linking this reporter to a human beta cell-specific promotor allows tracing ER-stress in isolated human beta cells as well as in the EndoC-βH1 cell line. This reporter system represents a valuable tool to assess ER stress in human beta cells and may aid the identification of novel therapeutics that can prevent beta cell stress in human pancreatic islets.
Extreme climatic events down-regulate the grassland biomass response to elevated carbon dioxide
Authors: Yuan Naiming , Moser Gerald , Mueller Christoph , Obermeier Wolfgang A. , Bendix Joerg , Luterbacher Jürg
Published: December 2018

Terrestrial ecosystems are considered as carbon sinks that may mitigate the impacts of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]). However, it is not clear what their carbon sink capacity will be under extreme climatic conditions. In this study, we used long-term (1998–2013) data from a C3 grassland Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiment in Germany to study the combined effects of elevated [CO2] and extreme climatic events (ECEs) on aboveground biomass production. CO2 fertilization effect (CFE), which represents the promoted plant photosynthesis and water use efficiency under higher [CO2], was quantiffied by calculating the relative differences in biomass between the plots with [CO2] enrichment and the plots with ambient [CO2]. Down-regulated CFEs were found when ECEs occurred during the growing season, and the CFE decreases were statistically significant with p well below 0.05 (t-test). Of all the observed ECEs, the strongest CFE decreases were associated with intensive and prolonged heat waves. These findings suggest that more frequent ECEs in the future are likely to restrict the mitigatory effects of C3 grassland ecosystems, leading to an accelerated warming trend. To reduce the uncertainties of future projections, the atmosphere-vegetation interactions, especially the ECEs effects, are emphasized and need to be better accounted.
Guiding interoperable electronic health records through patient-sharing networks
Authors: Clarke Jonathan M. , Warren Leigh R. , Arora Sonal , Barahona Mauricio , Darzi Ara W.
Published: December 2018

Effective sharing of clinical information between care providers is a critical component of a safe, efficient health system. National data-sharing systems may be costly, politically contentious and do not reflect local patterns of care delivery. This study examines hospital attendances in England from 2013 to 2015 to identify instances of patient sharing between hospitals. Of 19.6 million patients receiving care from 155 hospital care providers, 130 million presentations were identified. On 14.7 million occasions (12%), patients attended a different hospital to the one they attended on their previous interaction. A network of hospitals was constructed based on the frequency of patient sharing between hospitals which was partitioned using the Louvain algorithm into ten distinct data-sharing communities, improving the continuity of data sharing in such instances from 0 to 65–95%. Locally implemented data-sharing communities of hospitals may achieve effective accessibility of clinical information without a large-scale national interoperable information system.
Polysome profiling followed by RNA-seq of cardiac differentiation stages in hESCs
Authors: Pereira Isabela Tiemy , Spangenberg Lucia , Robert Anny Waloski , Amorín Rocío , Stimamiglio Marco Augusto , Naya Hugo , Dallagiovanna Bruno
Published: December 2018

The regulation of gene expression acts at numerous complementary levels to control and refine protein abundance. The analysis of mRNAs associated with polysomes, called polysome profiling, has been used to investigate the post-transcriptional mechanisms that are involved in different biological processes. Pluripotent stem cells are able to differentiate into a variety of cell lineages, and the cell commitment progression is carefully orchestrated. Genome-wide expression profiling has provided the possibility to investigate transcriptional changes during cardiomyogenesis; however, a more accurate study regarding post-transcriptional regulation is required. In the present work, we isolated and high-throughput sequenced ribosome-free and polysome-bound RNAs from NKX2-5eGFP/w HES3 undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells at the subsequent differentiation stages of cardiomyogenesis: embryoid body aggregation, mesoderm, cardiac progenitor and cardiomyocyte. The expression of developmental markers was followed by flow cytometry, and quality analyses were performed as technical controls to ensure high quality data. Our dataset provides valuable information about hESC cardiac differentiation and can be used to investigate genes potentially controlled by post-transcriptional mechanisms.
Characterizing the encapsulation and release of lentivectors and adeno-associated vectors from degradable alginate hydrogels
Authors: Madrigal Justin L. , Shams Shahin , Stilhano Roberta S. , Silva Eduardo A.
Published: December 2018

In this study, we compare the ability of two different degradable alginate hydrogel formulations to efficiently deliver LV and AAV. We propose that release rates of viral vectors are dependent on the physical properties of both the hydrogels and vectors.
Polyester-based ink platform with tunable bioactivity for 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Ji Shen , Dube Koustubh , Chesterman Julian P. , Fung Stephanie L. , Liaw Chya-Yan , Kohn Joachim , Guvendiren Murat
Published: December 2018

A novel polymeric biomaterial platform with tunable functionalizability for extrusion-based 3D printing.
A quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering study of the alkaline and alkaline-earth borohydrides LiBH4 and Mg(BH4)2 and the mixture LiBH4 + Mg(BH4)2
Authors: Silvi Luca , Zhao-Karger Zhirong , Röhm Eva , Fichtner Maximilian , Petry Winfried , Lohstroh Wiebke
Published: December 2018

Decomposition of the [BH4] dynamics in LiBH4 + Mg(BH4)2 according to the stoichiometric composition.
Molecular orientation and femtosecond charge transfer dynamics in transparent and conductive electrodes based on graphene oxide and PEDOT:PSS composites
Authors: A. L. Borges Bruno G. , Holakoei Soheila , F. das Neves Mathues F. , W. de Menezes Luana C. , de Matos Carolina F. , Zarbin Aldo J. G. , Roman Lucimara S. , Rocco Maria Luiza M.
Published: December 2018

The combination of PEDOT:PSS and graphene oxide (GO) is an efficient alternative structure for indium tin oxide (ITO) in organic devices.
Photoelectron spectroscopic study of I−·ICF3: a frontside attack SN2 pre-reaction complex
Authors: Mensa-Bonsu Golda , Tozer David J. , Verlet Jan R. R.
Published: December 2018

The I−·ICF3 complex, a frontside attack pre-reaction complex of a classic SN2 reaction, is produced and studied using photoelectron spectroscopy.
Combining iodic acid and nitric acid to fabricate carbon nitride tubes for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light
Authors: Ge Guifang , Zhao Zhongkui
Published: December 2018

This work presents a facile mixed-acid approach to prepare defect-enriched porous g-C3N4 tubes with outstanding photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution.
Synthesis and crystal structure of double-three ring (D3R)-type cage siloxanes modified with dimethylsilanol groups
Authors: Sato Naoto , Tochigi Kazuma , Kuroda Yoshiyuki , Wada Hiroaki , Shimojima Atsushi , Kuroda Kazuyuki
Published: December 2018

Two types of cage-type oligosiloxanes with double-three ring (D3R) structures are modified with dimethylsilanol groups to form crystalline supramolecular assemblies.
Lewis acid activated CO2 reduction over a Ni modified Ni–Ge hydroxide driven by visible-infrared light
Authors: Xin Zhenyu , Lu Lei , Wang Bing , Wang Xiaohui , Zhu Kai , Xu Zhe , Yu Zhentao , Yan Shicheng , Zou Zhigang
Published: December 2018

Improvement of light harvesting and reaction kinetics is of great importance for achieving efficient solar-driven CO2 reduction.
Synthesis of nickel and palladium complexes with diarylamido-based unsymmetrical pincer ligands and application for norbornene polymerization
Authors: Liu Hui , Yuan Haibin , Shi Xiaochao
Published: December 2018

Nickel and palladium complexes chelating diarylamido-based unsymmetrical [PNNox] pincer ligands have been synthesized and used as catalysts for norbornene polymerization with activities up to 40.3 × 105 g of PNB (mol of Pd)−1 h−1 upon the activation of methylaluminoxane (MAO).
Growth competition between ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria for ammonium and urea in a biological activated carbon filter used for drinking water treatment
Authors: Niu Jia , Kasuga Ikuro , Kurisu Futoshi , Furumai Hiroaki
Published: December 2018

By applying time-course DNA-SIP, the substrate niche separation of AOA and AOB was revealed. AOA had higher autotrophic growth activity for a low concentration of ammonium, while AOB directly incorporated and hydrolyzed urea.
Alpha-lipoic acid and its protective role in fructose induced endocrine-metabolic disturbances
Authors: Castro María Cecilia , Villagarcía Hernán Gonzalo , Massa María Laura , Francini Flavio
Published: December 2018

In recent decades a worldwide increase has been reported in the consumption of unhealthy high calorie diets associated with marked changes in meal nutrient composition, such as a higher intake of refined carbohydrates, which leads to the speculation that changes in food habits have contributed to the current epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Tipping the polaron–bipolaron balance: concentration and spin effects in doped oligo(aniline)s observed by UV-vis-NIR and TD-DFT
Authors: Mills Benjamin M. , Shao Zhecheng , Flynn Stephanie R. , Rannou Patrice , Lindsay David M. , Fey Natalie , Faul Charl F. J.
Published: December 2018

Computational and experimental study of UV-vis-NIR spectra, highlighting that doped oligo(aniline)s form mixtures of polaronic and bipolaronic spin isomers in solution.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Fagonia cretica and their antimicrobial activities
Authors: Zulfiqar Hina , Zafar Ayesha , Rasheed Muhammad Naveed , Ali Zeeshan , Mehmood Kinza , Mazher Abeer , Hasan Murtaza , Mahmood Nasir
Published: December 2018

Silver nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using an efficient bioreducing agent from Fagonia cretica extract having the advantage of eco-friendliness over chemical and physical methods.
Imidazole-containing cyanostilbene-based molecules with aggregation-induced emission characteristics: photophysical and electroluminescent properties
Authors: Dong Yujie , Qian Jingyu , Liu Yang , Zhu Nianyong , Xu Bin , Ho Cheuk-Lam , Tian Wenjing , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: December 2018

Two new AIE luminogens TPIA and PPIA were investigated and the more conjugated luminogen PPIA showed better performance in terms of electroluminescence.
Encapsulation of collagenase within biomimetically mineralized metal–organic frameworks: designing biocomposites to prevent collagen degradation
Authors: Bim Júnior Odair , Bedran-Russo Ana , Flor Jader B. S. , Borges Ana F. S. , Ximenes Valdecir F. , Frem Regina C. G. , Lisboa-Filho Paulo N.
Published: December 2018

Collagen-degrading enzyme induced rapid formation of a metal–organic framework (ZIF-8) as a protective shell, which afforded the control of the enzyme's bioactivity.
2′-Deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates bearing 4-phenyl and 4-pyrimidinyl imidazoles as DNA polymerase substrates
Authors: Vichier-Guerre Sophie , Dugué Laurence , Pochet Sylvie
Published: December 2018

A modular strategy for the preparation of 2′-deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates containing 4-arylimidazoles was elaborated. The new DNA building blocks were substrates of DNA polymerases.
Selective synthesis of pyrrolidin-2-ones and 3-iodopyrroles via the ring contraction and deformylative functionalization of piperidine derivatives
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhang Xinying , He Yan , Fan Xuesen
Published: December 2018

A selective synthesis of pyrrolidin-2-ones and 3-iodopyrroles through the oxidative ring contraction and deformylative functionalization of piperidine derivatives is presented.
Regioisomeric wide-band-gap polymers with different fluorine topologies for non-fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Li Yuxiang , Lee Jin-Woo , Kim Minseok , Lee Changyeon , Lee Young Woong , Kim Bumjoon J. , Woo Han Young
Published: December 2018

The effects of different fluorine substituent topologies on the morphological and photovoltaic properties are studied for two regioisomeric donor polymer-based nonfullerene organic solar cells.
A versatile catalyst-free perfluoroaryl azide–aldehyde–amine conjugation reaction
Authors: Xie Sheng , Zhou Juan , Chen Xuan , Kong Na , Fan Yanmiao , Zhang Yang , Hammer Gerry , Castner David G. , Ramström Olof , Yan Mingdi
Published: December 2018

In a tri-component reaction, an electrophilically-activated perfluoroaryl azide, an aldehyde and an amine react readily to yield a stable amidine conjugate.
[15]Paracyclophane and [16]paracyclophane: facile syntheses, crystal structures and selective complexation with cesium cations in the gas phase
Authors: Liu Peiren , Li Qi , Zeng Hong , Shi Bingbing , Liu Jiyong , Huang Feihe
Published: December 2018

The facile syntheses of [15]paracyclophane and [16]paracyclophane, their crystal structures and their selective complexation with cesium cations in the gas phase.
Silica modification of titania nanoparticles enhances photocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species without increasing toxicity potential in vitro
Authors: Ortelli Simona , Costa Anna L. , Matteucci Pietro , Miller Mark R. , Blosi Magda , Gardini Davide , Tofail Syed A. M. , Tran Lang , Tonelli Domenica , Poland Craig A.
Published: December 2018

Titania (TiO2) nanoparticles were surface modified using silica and citrate to implement a ‘safe-by-design’ approach for managing potential toxicity of titania nanoparticles by controlling surface redox reactivity.
A quantitative structure–property study of reorganization energy for known p-type organic semiconductors
Authors: Atahan-Evrenk Sule
Published: December 2018

An investigation of the structure–property relationship between reorganization energy and molecular structure.
Na–Ga–Si type-I clathrate single crystals grown via Na evaporation using Na–Ga and Na–Ga–Sn fluxes
Authors: Urushiyama Hironao , Morito Haruhiko , Yamane Hisanori , Terauchi Masami
Published: December 2018

Single crystals of a Na–Ga–Si clathrate, Na8Ga4.94Si41.06, of size 3.7 mm were grown via the evaporation of Na from a Na–Ga–Si–Sn melt with the molar ratio of Na : Ga : Si : Sn = 6 : 1 : 2 : 1 at 873 K for 3 h under an Ar atmosphere.
Converting ginsenosides from stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng by microwave processing and improving their anticoagulant and anticancer activities
Authors: Qu Yuan , Liu Hui-Ying , Guo Xiao-Xi , Luo Yan , Wang Cheng-Xiao , He Jiang-Hua , Xu Tian-Rui , Yang Ye , Cui Xiu-Ming
Published: December 2018

A microwave processing technology was used to produce anticoagulant and anticancer compounds from the stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng.
Enhanced visible light absorption performance of SnS2and SnSe2viasurface charge transfer doping
Authors: Xia F. F. , Yang F. L. , Hu J. , Zheng C. Z. , Yi H. B. , Sun J. H.
Published: December 2018

Enhanced visible light absorption performance of monolayer SnS2and SnSe2viasurface charge transfer doping (SCTD).
Fluorinated polysulfonamide based single ion conducting room temperature applicable gel-type polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Borzutzki K. , Thienenkamp J. , Diehl M. , Winter M. , Brunklaus G.
Published: December 2018

Single ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SIPEs) comprised of homopolymers containing a polysulfonylamide segment in the polymer backbone are presented.
Electrospinning of highly aligned fibers for drug delivery applications
Authors: Eslamian Mohammadjavad , Khorrami Milad , Yi Ning , Majd Sheereen , Abidian Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2018

In this study, for the first time, we systematically investigate the effect of processing parameters on the size and alignment of electrospun PLGA fibers. We demonstrate that the alignment of the fibers has an impact on the release of encapsulated drug from these fibers.
The conjugates of forky peptides and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) self-assemble into supramolecular hydrogels for prostate cancer-specific drug delivery
Authors: Tao Mingtao , He Suyun , Liu Jing , Li Hongmei , Mei Leixia , Wu Can , Xu Keming , Zhong Wenying
Published: December 2018

Herein, we report supramolecular hydrogelators made of forky peptides and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
Thermo- and photo-responsive composite hydrogels with programmed deformations
Authors: Wang Zhi Jian , Li Chen Yu , Zhao Xin Yu , Wu Zi Liang , Zheng Qiang
Published: December 2018

Composite hydrogels were fabricated by photolithographic polymerization to form a non-responsive gel and subsequent thermal polymerization to form a dual-responsive gel. These composite gels with heterogeneous structures showed programmed deformations upon heating or light irradiation.
Synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy mediated by light-activated ROS-degradable nanocarriers
Authors: Chen Yu , Gao Yujie , Li Yuce , Wang Ke , Zhu Jintao
Published: December 2018

Light-activated ROS-degradable nanocarriers can induce effective synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for enhanced therapeutic efficiency against cancer.
Low-temperature synthesis of CaZrTi2O7 zirconolite-type materials using ceramic, coprecipitation, and sol–gel methods
Authors: McCaugherty Sarah , Grosvenor Andrew P.
Published: December 2018

The effects of solution-based synthesis methods (coprecipitation and sol–gel) on the long- and short-range structures of zirconolite-type oxides annealed at various temperatures was investigated.
Comprehensive chassis control strategy of FWIC‐EV based on sliding mode control
Authors: Chen Guoying , Hua Min , Zong Changfu , Zhang Buyang , Huang Yanjun
Published: December 2018

Four‐wheel independent control electric vehicle has possessed tremendous potentials because the enhancement of driving performance and energy savings can be simultaneously carried out by independent and precise driving/braking/steering control. The study has proposed a comprehensive control strategy aiming at all normal conditions, which employs hierarchical architecture to reach the above‐mentioned control. In the high‐level controller, sliding mode control scheme is developed to figure out total force and yaw moment. In the low‐level controller, energy‐efficiency optimisation allocation is presented to reduce motor power losses and obtain energy recovery based on motor efficiency map, and then steering angle allocation is conducted to decrease the lateral force so as to reduce power losses caused by the tyre sideslip. Considering insufficient motor braking torque during large deceleration or even larger, the blended brake control strategy with the motor brake and electric hydraulic brake and further anti‐skid brake system control via adopting fuzzy logic method are carried out. The torque and pressure are gained to deliver the corresponding actuators model established according to their physical characteristics. Through CarSim‐MATLAB/Simulink‐AMEsim co‐simulation, results suggest that the developed strategy can boost the vehicle manoeuvrability and reduce energy consumption generated by motors and tyre sideslip under all the conventional occasions.
Emotion classification using EEG signals based on tunable‐Q wavelet transform
Authors: Krishna Anala Hari , Sri Aravapalli Bhavya , Priyanka Kurakula Yuva Venkata Sai , Taran Sachin , Bajaj Varun
Published: December 2018

Emotion is a most instinctive feeling of a human. Emotion classification finds application in brain–computer interface systems for the assistance of disabled persons. To recognise the emotional state, electroencephalogram (EEG) signal plays a vital role because it provides immediate response to every state of change in the human brain. Here, the utility of tunable‐Q wavelet transform (TQWT) is explored for the classification of different emotions EEG signals. TQWT decomposes EEG signal into subbands and time‐domain features are extracted from subbands. The extracted features are used as an input to extreme learning machine classifier for the classification of happy, fear, sad, and relax emotions. Experimental results of the proposed method show better four emotions classification performance when compared with the other existing methods.
Distributed coordination control of hybrid energy resources for power sharing in coupled hybrid DC/AC microgrid using paralleled IFCs/ILCs
Authors: Agrawal Alok , Gupta Rajesh
Published: December 2018

This study proposes flexible controllers for the interlinking converter (ILC) and interfacing converters (IFCs) used in coupled hybrid AC/DC microgrids (HMGs). Proposed controllers are specifically designed for the multiple stacked bidirectional DC–AC ILCs/IFCs based microgrid outlays, to omit the droop power flow and system stability issues. The ILC and IFC grid supportive converter controllers focus on the wide‐spread AC/DC bus parameters control for both DC and AC bus voltage regulation and superfluous power sharing while operating in the grid forming and feeding modes. Proposed controllers minimise the need for the controller parameter tuning as opposed to the conventional controllers used in zonal HMG systems. This makes the system stable for a much wider operating conditions as opposed to the widely used higher‐order PLL integrated PQ and dq 0 control algorithms. The proposed HMG also integrates the centralised battery energy stack through bidirectional dual active bridge DC–DC converter for achieving the high‐power transfer efficiency and omitting the isolation issues between medium‐voltage and low‐voltage DC buses. The HMG system performance is evaluated using the simulation studies for various strategical operational modes. Further, the proposed controllers have also been tested individually on experimental platform.
Decay estimates for 1-D parabolic PDES with boundary disturbances
Authors: Karafyllis Iasson , Krstic Miroslav
Published: December 2018

In this work, decay estimates are derived for the solutions of 1-D linear parabolic PDEs with disturbances at both boundaries and distributed disturbances. The decay estimates are given in theL2andH1norms of the solution and discontinuous disturbances are allowed. Although an eigenfunction expansion for the solution is exploited for the proof of the decay estimates, the estimates do not require knowledge of the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the corresponding Sturm–Liouville operator. Examples show that the obtained results can be applied for the stability analysis of parabolic PDEs with nonlocal terms.
Die PPmP im Spiegel der Zitierungen
Authors: Brähler Elmar , Tibubos Ana
Published: December 2018

Unsere Zeitschrift erfüllt für ihre Leserinnen und Leser viele Funktionen. Sie soll der Fort- und Weiterbildung dienen, auch fachpolitische Übersichten geben, aber vor allem auch über den wissenschaftlichen Fortschritt und die Arbeit in den Fachgebieten Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie und Medizinische Psychologie informieren.

Die wissenschaftliche Reputation einer Zeitschrift wird oft daran festgemacht, in welcher Weise Beiträge in anderen wissenschaftlichen Aufsätzen rezipiert werden. Das Jahresende legt es nahe, wieder einmal einen Blick auf die Rezeption der Zeitschrift zu werfen. Wir wollen zum einen eine Längsschnittbetrachtung machen in dem Sinne, welche Artikel der Zeitschrift langfristig und kontinuierlich häufig zitiert wurden. Später wollen wir auf die Rezeption der in jüngster Zeit erschienenen Artikel eingehen.

In Tab. 1 sind die Artikel der Zeitschrift aufgeführt, die durchschnittlich mindestens fünfmal im Jahr in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zitiert wurden.
Zirkulierende Tumorzellen, zirkulierende Tumor-DNA und zirkulierende microRNA beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom – oder: Welche Rolle spielt die Liquid Biopsy beim Brustkrebs?
Authors: Polasik Arkadius , Tzschaschel Marie , Schochter Fabienne , de Gregorio Ameli , Friedl Thomas , Rack Brigitte , Hartkopf Andreas , Fasching Peter , Schneeweiss Andreas , Müller Volkmar , Huober Jens , Janni Wolfgang , Fehm Tanja
Published: December 2018

Die Streuung von Tumorzellen und Entstehung solider Metastasen findet sowohl über das Lymph- als auch das Blutsystem statt. Der Nachweis zirkulierender Tumorzellen (CTCs) und der zirkulierenden Tumor-DNA (ctDNA) im venösen Blut ist sowohl beim frühen als auch beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom möglich. Ihre prognostische Relevanz wurde bereits mehrfach bewiesen. Dabei ist die repetitive Untersuchung der CTCs bzw. ctDNA im Sinne einer regelmäßigen „liquid biopsy“ jederzeit und problemlos möglich. Durch die zusätzlichen molekularen Analysen ist es möglich, Tumorcharakteristika und ihre Heterogenität, die mit möglichen Resistenzen einhergehen, zu definieren. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz einer personalisierten und zielgerichteten Therapie, um neben einem verlängerten Gesamtüberleben auch die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität zu erreichen.
Die Rolle von Biomarkern bei Diagnose, Prognose und Therapie von Patienten unter immunonkologischer Therapie mit urologischen Malignomen
Authors: Compérat Eva , Eymerit Caroline , Moroch Julien , Varinot Justin
Published: December 2018

In den letzten Jahren haben Fortschritte in der Grundlagenforschung neue Einsichten in die Tumorbiologie gestattet, dadurch konnten neue Therapien entwickelt werden. Diese Übersichtsarbeit beleuchtet die Rolle des Pathologen und wie er anhand von Gewebemarkern helfen kann, eine Therapieentscheidung zu treffen. Wir erklären die Problematik der molekularen Blasentumoruntergruppen, die Rolle der neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie und die der Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren; des Weiteren gehen wir auf das Nierenkarzinom und dessen Therapiemöglichkeiten ein, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf das klarzellige Nierenkarzinom als häufigsten Nierenkarzinomtyp. Wir streifen kurz das Prostatakarzinom, das als hormonabhängiger Tumor wahrscheinlich einen anderen Therapieansatz braucht. Wir versuchen, die Machbarkeit und Grenzen vom pathologischen Standpunkt her zu beleuchten.
Percutaneous Gastrostomy Placement for Decompression of the Excluded Gastric Remnant following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Majumdar Shamaita , Tiwari Tatulya , Akinwande Olaguoke , Ramaswamy Raja
Published: December 2018

Purpose To evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous gastrostomy for decompression of the excluded stomach in patients’ status post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Materials and Methods Between January 2001 and August 2017, 10 consecutive RYGB patients who underwent placement of a decompressive gastrostomy of the excluded stomach were identified in an institutional database. Technical success was defined as successful gastrostomy catheter placement in the bypassed stomach using fluoroscopy and/or ultrasound guidance. Clinical success was established if dilation of the excluded stomach improved after gastrostomy with resolution of associated symptoms. Charts were reviewed for treatment-related adverse events post-procedure.

Results The cohort was predominantly female (9/10), with an average age of 54 ± 14 years. Median follow-up was 35.2 months (range: 0.6–115). Indications for decompressive gastrostomy placement included small bowel obstruction (6/10) or afferent limb obstruction at the jejunojejunal anastomosis (4/10). The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, distension, and vomiting. All patients had successful gastrostomy placement in the excluded remnant, using ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance, with no procedural complications. The 12 to 16F Cope loop catheters was used in this cohort, and gastropexy sutures were used in two cases. All 10 patients demonstrated clinical resolution of symptoms after gastrostomy placement. Two patients developed minor complications of tube site leakage and poor tube function requiring gastrostomy exchange within 1 week of the procedure.

Conclusion Fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided percutaneous gastrostomy catheter placement is a safe, effective, and feasible approach to treating dilation of the excluded gastric remnant in RYGB patients.
Evolution of incipient cavitation around two cylinders with different headforms
Authors: Hu Changli , Chen Guanghao , Wang Guoyu , Yang Long
Published: December 2018

Incipient cavitating flows around two axisymmetric bodies with blunt and conical headforms respectively are investigated both experimentally and numerically. The Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) defined by the ridges of the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) method are employed to investigate flow structures and the motion of incipient cavities. The partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) method is evaluated by comparison with experimental data, and it is found that the PANS model with parameter fk = 0.2 (where fk is the ratio of unresolved to total kinetic energy) gives good predictions of the scale of the separation region and the time evolution of the morphology of incipient cavitation. The incipient cavities exhibit a hairpin-shaped structure, traveling arbitrarily and unattached to the body surface. During the evolution process, the incipient cavities move downstream, with some circumferential motion. The FTLE contours and the trajectories of tracer particles reveal significant circumferential flow in the detached vortex structures around the two cylinders. The greater the distance downstream from the cylinder head, the more pronounced is the circumferential motion. Furthermore, it is found that the motion of the incipient cavities is closely related to local flow behavior. The circumferential flow around the blunt-headed cylinder is stronger than that around the conical-headed cylinder. This provides a reasonable explanation for the more pronounced circumferential motion of incipient cavities around the blunt-headed cylinder.
Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the centipede genus Ethmostigmus Pocock (Chilopoda : Scolopendromorpha) from peninsular India
Authors: Joshi Jahnavi , Edgecombe Gregory D.
Published: December 2018

Integrative taxonomy assesses the congruence between different lines of evidence for delimiting species, such as morphological, molecular or ecological data. Herein molecular phylogenetics is used to test monophyly and determine the phylogenetic position of the Old World tropical centipede genus Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898, and to define species boundaries for Ethmostigmus in peninsular India. A phylogeny of the family Scolopendridae based on DNA sequence data for three markers from 427 specimens sampling in all major lineages (144 individuals generated in this study) recovers Ethmostigmus as a monophyletic group, but relationships among the genera in its subfamily Otostigminae are poorly supported. Two species delimitation methods for DNA sequence data and phylogeny are integrated with morphology and geographic data to propose a well-supported species hypothesis for Ethmostigmus on the peninsular Indian plate. Five species of Ethmostigmus are recognised in peninsular India, of which E. coonooranus Chamberlin, 1920 and three new species, namely, E. agasthyamalaiensis, sp. nov., E. sahyadrensis, sp. nov. and E. praveeni, sp. nov., occur in the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot. The lesser-known Eastern Ghats harbour one species, E. tristis (Meinert, 1886), which has been nearly unreported for 130 years. This study highlights the value of an integrative approach to systematics, especially in underexplored, high biodiversity regions and where morphological variation is limited among closely related species.
Embedded exclusions: exploring gender equality in Peru’s participatory democratic framework
Authors: McNulty Stephanie
Published: December 2018

Do participatory institutions facilitate gender empowerment? As these institutions spread around the world, we still know very little about the gendered nature of participatory democratic spaces. Through the case study of state-mandated participatory budgeting in Peru, this article employs original data on participation to explore gender and inclusion. The study suggests that participatory institutions are not promoting gender equality. Instead, state actors have created new political spaces that exclude women and women's organizations and reify traditional gender norms. Like representative democratic institutions, gender inequities are embedded in these very spaces that are meant to empower all citizens.
Dried blood spot microbiological assay indicates high prevalence of folate deficiency in rural adult men and women in the Haitian Central Plateau
Authors: Harrell Shreckengost Constance , Kim Andrew W , Whitaker Sarah H , Weng Lei , Pearce Bradley D , Kaiser Bonnie N
Published: December 2018

Background

Although folate deficiency is linked to adverse health effects, limited data exist characterizing the problem in rural settings. This study determined the prevalence of folate deficiency and anemia in rural adults in the Haitian Central Plateau using combined laboratory methods.

Methods

Dried blood spots (DBSs) and hemoglobin measurements were collected from adult men and women selected by cluster random sampling in Haiti’s Central Plateau. DBSs were analyzed for folate using a microbiological assay. Hemoglobin levels were determined using both a HemoCue photometer and the sodium lauryl sulfate microplate method. Red cell folate (RCF) levels were determined by normalizing DBS folate to hemoglobin.

Results

Of the 197 subjects assessed for hemoglobin, 11.4% of males and 21.0% of females were anemic (male: hemoglobin<12 g/dL; female: hemoglobin<11 g/dL). Of the 173 subjects assessed for RCF, 27.9% of men and 14.9% of women were folate deficient (RCF<340 nmol/L). Among reproductive-age women, 83.6% had RCF levels associated with a risk of neural tube defects of >14 per 10 000 live births (RCF≤699 nmol/L).

Conclusions

Adults in the Haitian Central Plateau suffer from high rates of anemia and folate deficiency, putting the population at elevated risk for disease. DBSs and microbiological assay make folate evaluation feasible, even in low-resource regions.
Possible cold-adaptation for the fungal kinesin in compensation for thermal stability acquired by single amino acid substitution
Authors: Shimizu Youské , Togawa Toru , Chaen Shigeru
Published: December 2018

The amino acid sequence of the motor domain of AnKinA, kinesin-1 from Aspergillus nidulans, growing optimally at 37°C, was compared with that of SbKin1, kinesin-1 from the snow mold Sclerotinia borealis. For cold-adaptation, some enzymes are thought to exhibit augmented protein structure flexibility, acquired most effectively by substituting a glycine residue for another amino acid residue. By the comparison described above, two glycine residues proximal to tightly bound ADP were identified in the SbKin1 motor domain, of which the corresponding residues of AnKinA were non-glycine ones (P60 and S323). We made AnKinA recombinant kinesin (AnKinA-WT (WT)) along with P60G and S323G mutants. From the basal ATPase activity (without microtubules), these kinesins showed similar characteristics in activation energies, while deviation from the linearity of the ATPase activity time-course was detected at 34°C for WT and P60G but at 24°C for S323G. The microtubule translocation velocity of WT, P60G or S323G exhibited an activation energy of 60, 58 or 53 kJ/mol, respectively; for S323G, the activation energy was lower and the velocity at low temperatures was higher than those for the other two. These results suggest that the point mutation S323G would offer possible cold-adaptation in compensation for thermal stability.
Understanding memories of the Holocaust—A new approach to neural networks in the digital humanities
Authors: Blanke Tobias , Bryant Michael , Hedges Mark
Published: December 2018

This article addresses an important challenge in artificial intelligence research in the humanities, which has impeded progress with supervised methods. It introduces a novel method to creating test collections from smaller subsets. This method is based on what we will introduce as distant supervision’ and will allow us to improve computational modelling in the digital humanities by including new methods of supervised learning. Using recurrent neural networks, we generated a training corpus and were able to train a highly accurate model that qualitatively and quantitatively improved a baseline model. To demonstrate our new approach experimentally, we employ a real-life research question based on existing humanities collections. We use neural network based sentiment analysis to decode Holocaust memories and present a methodology to combine supervised and unsupervised sentiment analysis to analyse the oral history interviews of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Finally, we employed three advanced methods of computational semantics. These helped us decipher the decisions by the neural network and understand, for instance, the complex sentiments around family memories in the testimonies.
The Colic of Madrid (1788–1814): Experts, Poisons, Politics, and War at the End of the Ancien Régime in Spain
Authors: Bertomeu-Sánchez José Ramón
Published: December 2018

This paper explores the management of health hazards caused by the use of lead compounds in food vessels. My focus is on the regulations promulgated in 1801 in Spain. The main protagonists of the paper are late eighteenth-century members of the Madrid Academy of Medicine interested in public health issues, chemists with contrasting views on the regulation of toxic hazards, enlightened artisans with particular ways of knowing and doing, and French military surgeons involved in the long-term controversy concerning the causes and remedies of what was known as the ‘colic of Madrid’. Many general issues regarding the regulation of toxic risks are discussed: the disputed fields of expertise, the changing social anxieties, the diverse agency of the stakeholders and decision makers, the technologies for identifying poisons and for assessing their effects, and the persistent tensions and conflicts inside the various professional and academic groups.
Candidate Causal Organisms for Apple Replant Disease in the United Kingdom
Authors: Tilston Emma L. , Deakin Greg , Bennett Julie , Passey Tom , Harrison Nicola , O’Brien Flora , Fernández-Fernández Felicidad , Xu Xiangming
Published: December 2018

Continuous planting of apple in the same area leads to reduced growth vigor and subsequent crop losses, i.e., apple replant disease (ARD) syndrome. Several soilborne plant pathogens including Pythium, Fusarium, and Cylindrocarpon spp. are often proposed as candidate causal organisms for ARD. In addition, the presence of root lesion nematodes and the lack of beneficial groups of bacteria are believed to exacerbate or ameliorate the effects of the plant pathogens. The importance of these proposed causal and auxiliary agents seems to vary with site. Using a spatially explicit sampling strategy to minimize spatial variability we collected rhizosphere soil samples from neighboring pairs of healthy and putative ARD trees to identify candidate causal organisms of ARD. Amplicon-based metabarcoding was used to obtain community-level profiles of the bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and nematodes in the soil samples. Total bacterial and fungal biomass in each sample was estimated using qPCR to adjust the raw sequence reads data. The results suggested that ARD is not ameliorated by enhanced rhizosphere biodiversity per se. We identified 25 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 16 fungal OTUs, 18 oomycetes OTUs, and one nematode OTU group with differential abundance between healthy and putative ARD trees. All 25 bacterial OTUs had lower abundance in samples from ARD symptomatic trees than from healthy trees. One AMF OTU had lower abundance in samples from ARD symptomatic trees. None of 13 fungal OTUs that had higher abundance in samples from ARD symptomatic trees is a known plant pathogen; but at least one Pythium OTU (probably Pythium intermedium) is a candidate for causing ARD. The abundance of one nematode OTU was much higher in samples from ARD symptomatic trees than in healthy trees. The results suggest that, apart from the use of broad spectrum fumigants, the complexity of ARD may necessitate the combined use of multiple management strategies with the success of these measures expected to vary considerably between sites because of the varying importance of ARD causal agents among sites.