bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-throughput image analysis with deep learning captures heterogeneity and spatial relationships after kidney injury
Authors: McElliott Madison C. , Al-Suraimi Anas , Telang Asha C. , Ference-Salo Jenna T. , Chowdhury Mahboob , Soofi Abdul , Dressler Gregory R. , Beamish Jeffrey A.
Published: April 2023

Recovery from acute kidney injury can vary widely in patients and in animal models. Immunofluorescence staining can provide spatial information about heterogeneous injury responses, but often only a fraction of stained tissue is analyzed. Deep learning can expand analysis to larger areas and sample numbers by substituting for time-intensive manual or semi-automated quantification techniques. Here we report one approach to leverage deep learning tools to quantify heterogenous responses to kidney injury that can be deployed without specialized equipment or programming expertise. We first demonstrated that deep learning models generated from small training sets accurately identified a range of stains and structures with performance similar to that of trained human observers. We then showed this approach accurately tracks the evolution of folic acid induced kidney injury in mice and highlights spatially clustered tubules that fail to repair. We then demonstrated that this approach captures the variation in recovery across a robust sample of kidneys after ischemic injury. Finally, we showed markers of failed repair after ischemic injury were correlated both spatially within and between animals and that failed repair was inversely correlated with peritubular capillary density. Combined, we demonstrate the utility and versatility of our approach to capture spatially heterogenous responses to kidney injury.
Association of beverage consumption with subclinical atherosclerosis in a Spanish working population
Authors: Muñoz-Cabrejas Ainara , Laclaustra Martín , Guallar-Castillón Pilar , Sánchez-Recio Raquel , Jarauta Estíbaliz , Casasnovas José Antonio , Moreno-Franco Belén
Published: April 2023

Beverages play a substantial role meeting water, calorie, and nutrient requirements; however, they are presented as being major contributors to the current obesity epidemic. Although, the relationship between beverage consumption and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults has been frequently studied, its association with subclinical atherosclerosis is of increased interest. We studied the association of beverage consumption with the presence of peripheral subclinical atherosclerosis among Spanish workers. We performed a cross-sectional study of 2089 middle-aged males, with a mean age of 50.9 (SD 3.9), and without CVD, carried out in the Aragon Workers’ Health Study (AWHS). A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure beverage consumption of low-fat milk, coffee and tea (unsweetened), whole-fat milk, sugar-sweetened beverages, bottled fruit juice, artificially-sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juice. Atherosclerotic plaques were measured by ultrasound (in carotid arteries, and in femoral arteries). Atherosclerotic plaque was defined as a focal structure protruding ≥ 0.5 mm into the lumen, or reaching a thickness ≥ 50% of the surrounding intima-media thickness. As statistical analysis, we use logistic regression models, simultaneously adjusted for all beverage groups. As results, unsweetened coffee was the beverage most associated with peripheral subclinical atherosclerosis with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.25 (1.10–1.41), and 1.23 (1.09–1.40) 100g/day] for carotid, and femoral territories respectively. Moreover, subclinical atherosclerosis was positively associated with whole-fat milk [OR 1.10 (1.02–1.18) 100 g/day] in the femoral territory. The association was protective for low-fat milk in the carotid territory [OR 0.93 (0.88–0.99) 100g/day]. There was also a protective association with bottled fruit juices in the femoral territory [0.84 (0.74–0.94) 100g/day]. Our results suggest a detrimental association with the consumption of coffee, as well as with whole-fat milk and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Therefore, an element of prudence excluding water and low-fat milk, must be applied when recommending beverage consumption.
Feature-based attention warps the perception of visual features
Authors: Chapman Angus F. , Chunharas Chaipat , Störmer Viola S.
Published: April 2023

Selective attention improves sensory processing of relevant information but can also impact the quality of perception. For example, attention increases visual discrimination performance and at the same time boosts apparent stimulus contrast of attended relative to unattended stimuli. Can attention also lead to perceptual distortions of visual representations? Optimal tuning accounts of attention suggest that processing is biased towards “off-tuned” features to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio in favor of the target, especially when targets and distractors are confusable. Here, we tested whether such tuning gives rise to phenomenological changes of visual features. We instructed participants to select a color among other colors in a visual search display and subsequently asked them to judge the appearance of the target color in a 2-alternative forced choice task. Participants consistently judged the target color to appear more dissimilar from the distractor color in feature space. Critically, the magnitude of these perceptual biases varied systematically with the similarity between target and distractor colors during search, indicating that attentional tuning quickly adapts to current task demands. In control experiments we rule out possible non-attentional explanations such as color contrast or memory effects. Overall, our results demonstrate that selective attention warps the representational geometry of color space, resulting in profound perceptual changes across large swaths of feature space. Broadly, these results indicate that efficient attentional selection can come at a perceptual cost by distorting our sensory experience.
The impact of physicochemical features of carbon electrodes on the capacitive performance of supercapacitors: a machine learning approach
Authors: Mishra Sachit , Srivastava Rajat , Muhammad Atta , Amit Amit , Chiavazzo Eliodoro , Fasano Matteo , Asinari Pietro
Published: April 2023

Hybrid electric vehicles and portable electronic systems use supercapacitors for energy storage owing to their fast charging/discharging rates, long life cycle, and low maintenance. Specific capacitance is regarded as one of the most important performance-related characteristics of a supercapacitor’s electrode. In the current study, Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used to determine the impact of various physicochemical properties of carbon-based materials on the capacitive performance of electric double-layer capacitors. Published experimental datasets from 147 references (4899 data entries) were extracted and then used to train and test the ML models, to determine the relative importance of electrode material features on specific capacitance. These features include current density, pore volume, pore size, presence of defects, potential window, specific surface area, oxygen, and nitrogen content of the carbon-based electrode material. Additionally, categorical variables as the testing method, electrolyte, and carbon structure of the electrodes are considered as well. Among five applied regression models, an extreme gradient boosting model was found to best correlate those features with the capacitive performance, highlighting that the specific surface area, the presence of nitrogen doping, and the potential window are the most significant descriptors for the specific capacitance. These findings are summarized in a modular and open-source application for estimating the capacitance of supercapacitors given, as only inputs, the features of their carbon-based electrodes, the electrolyte and testing method. In perspective, this work introduces a new wide dataset of carbon electrodes for supercapacitors extracted from the experimental literature, also giving an instance of how electrochemical technology can benefit from ML models.
Familial risk for depression is associated with reduced P300 and late positive potential to affective stimuli and prolonged cardiac deceleration to unpleasant stimuli
Authors: Moretta Tania , Messerotti Benvenuti Simone
Published: April 2023

Despite evidence of abnormal affective processing as a key correlate of depression, specific attentional mechanisms underlying processing of emotions in familial risk for depression have yet to be investigated in a single study. To this end, the amplitude of the P300 and late positive potential (LPP) complex and cardiac deceleration were assessed during the passive viewing of affective pictures in 32 individuals who had family history of depression (without depressive symptoms) and in 30 controls (without depressive symptoms and family history of depression). Individuals with familial risk for depression revealed reduced P300-LPP amplitudes in response to pleasant and unpleasant stimuli relative to controls, and comparable P300-LPP amplitudes in response to pleasant and neutral stimuli. Controls, but not individuals with familial risk for depression, reported cardiac deceleration during the viewing of pleasant vs. neutral and unpleasant stimuli in the 0–3 s time window. Also, only individuals with familial risk for depression showed a prolonged cardiac deceleration in response to unpleasant vs. neutral stimuli. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the characterization of emotion-related attentional processes in familial risk for depression as potential vulnerability factors for the development of the disorder.
Bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus infections
Authors: Sameh Ahmed , Gouda Amr A. , Elmligy Esraa , Hatem Hossam , Sadek Salma S. , Ahmed Osama , El Amir Azza
Published: April 2023

The misuse of antibiotics has led to antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, making it even harder to combat and eliminate their infections. Staphylococcus aureus causes various adverse infections and diseases, including skin abscesses, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and joint infections. In this study, we aimed to test the cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of bee venom-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BV-loaded CS-NPs) in comparison to gamma-irradiated BV and native BV from Apis mellifera. The physiochemical characterizations of our treatments were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), zeta-potential, release rate, and Encapsulation Efficiency (EE). Our study was conducted on both levels, in-vitro and in-vivo. For the in-vitro study, a bacterial model of Staphylococcus aureus with an ATCC number of 6538 was grown in tryptic soy agar (TSA) medium, and the inhibition zones of our drug candidates were measured with the appropriate statistical analysis performed. For the in-vivo study, levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Creatinine, Urea, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were analyzed. BV-loaded CS-NPs showed relatively better results than the other alternatives, which are native BV and gamma-irradiated BV. The results showed that the antibacterial effect of BV-loaded CS-NPs was greater than the alternatives. Furthermore, its cytotoxic effect was far less than the native and irradiated bee venom. These outcomes ensure that loading BV on CS-NPs makes it a promising drug candidate for an antibiotic alternative with minimal cytotoxicity and enhanced antibacterial activity.
Onthodiplogaster japonica n. gen., n. sp. (Rhabditida: Diplogastridae) isolated from Onthophagus sp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Ikeda Yuya , Shinya Ryoji
Published: April 2023

A diplogastrid nematode was isolated from a dung beetle, Onthophagus sp., collected from a rotten mushroom in Kyoto, Japan. The species is characterised by its cheilostomatal shape, separated into 12 narrow plates (rugae), deep stegostom, large ellipsoidal amphids, conical female tail and characteristic receptaculum seminis in the female. Based on its phylogenetic status and stomatal composition, the species is typologically similar to two other diplogastrid genera, Neodiplogaster and Mononchoides. The species can be distinguished from these two genera by the size and shape of the amphid (small pore in Neodiplogaster), female tail shape (long and filiform in Mononchoides) and presence of receptaculum seminis (absence in the two nominal genera), and is described as a monotypic member of a new genus, Onthodiplogaster japonica n. gen., n. sp. Observation of feeding behaviour suggested that O. japonica n. gen., n. sp. does not show clear stomatal dimorphism or polymorphism, which is found in its close relatives, but the species can feed on nematodes (predation), fungi and bacteria. This monomorphic omnivory possibly represents its habitat of dung and other rotten materials, where the environment is biologically divergent, and its condition changes rapidly.
Intracranial epidermoid cysts: benign entities with malignant behavior: experience with 36 cases
Authors: Pop Maria Mihaela , Bouros Dragos , Klimko Artsiom , Florian Ioan Alexandru , Florian Ioan Stefan
Published: April 2023

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are benign slow-growing ectodermal inclusions that account for less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. We retrospectively reviewed 36 such cases to evaluate the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, anatomical distribution, surgical management, and treatment outcome of these tumors. Additionally, we sought to identify the relationship between median or paramedian cistern tumor localization and clinical parameters, such as recurrence risk, hospitalization duration, and postoperative complication rates. The most frequently observed neurological symptoms were transient headaches (77.8%), dizziness (36.1%), CN VII palsy (19.4%), CN VIII hearing difficulty (19.4%) and cerebellar signs (19.4%). The most common surgical approaches included retrosigmoid (36.1%), subfrontal (19.4%) and telovelar (19.4%) approaches; gross total resection was feasible in 83.3% of cases. The postoperative complication rate was 38.9%. Tumors were more frequently found in the paramedian cisterns (47.2%), followed by the median line cisterns (41.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative hydrocephalus and age < 40 years were prognostic factors for tumor recurrence. Median-like tumor location was a risk factor for the presence of symptomatic hydrocephalus both preoperatively and postoperatively, increasing the likelihood of protracted hospitalization (> 10 days). Despite their benign histopathological nature, these tumors have an important clinical resonance, with a high rate of postoperative complications and a degree of recurrence amplified by younger age and hydrocephalus.
Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS): a new powerful combination for direct analysis
Authors: Arigò Adriana , Famiglini Giorgio , Marittimo Nicole , Agostini Marco , Renzoni Caterina , Palma Pierangela , Cappiello Achille
Published: April 2023

One of modern analytical chemistry main challenges is providing as fast as possible results in different application fields. In this view, real-time analysis techniques are experiencing ever-increasing success as they can provide data quickly, almost without sample preparation steps. Most of real-time approaches are based on direct mass spectrometry (DMS), a method of analyzing samples without the need for separation or pre-treatment steps. Instead, the sample is directly introduced into the mass spectrometer for analysis. In this context, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) techniques are widely represented and successfully used. Extractive-liquid sampling electron ionization-mass spectrometry (E-LEI-MS) represents a different analytical strategy that allows coupling ambient sampling with electron ionization (EI), avoiding any sample preparation step and providing identification based on the comparison with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library spectra. E-LEI-MS consists of a dispositive for solvent release and sampling at ambient conditions coupled with an EI source of a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. A micromanipulator allows fine (x,y,z) positioning of a sampling tip. MS can operate in scan or SIM modes depending on the application goals and requirements. Several preliminary successful results were already obtained due to the highly informative EI mass spectra generation. The system was applied to the analysis of active ingredients in pharmaceutical tablets, pesticides on fruit peel, a drug of abuse (cocaine) determination in banknotes, and analysis of unknown components on painting surfaces. Both forensic and artwork applications allowed determining the spatial distribution of the analytes. Here we present a proof-of-concept of E-LEI-MS for targeted/non-targeted analysis and semi-quantitative detection.
Tidal modulation of the seismic activity related to the 2021 La Palma volcanic eruption
Authors: Miguelsanz Luis , Fernández José , Prieto Juan F. , Tiampo Kristy F.
Published: April 2023

The volcanic eruption at La Palma started on September 19, 2021. The eruption was preceded by a seismic swarm that began on September 11, although anomalous seismicity has been observed on the island since 2017. During the co-eruptive phase of the seismic activity, hypocenters depth was generally less than 15 km, save for the period between November 10 and November 27, when hypocenters ranged in the depth from 15 to 40 km. The eruption ended on December 13, 2021. We compute tidal stress for each earthquake at the hypocenter depth and find statistically significant correlations between the occurrence times of the earthquakes and the confining tidal stress values and stress rates. The correlation is depth-dependent, and ocean-loading tides have a stronger effect than body tides. We find that tidal stress variations contribute to the eruption onset and that certain explosive events, typical in Strombolian type volcanoes, seem to occur preferentially when the tidal stress rate is high. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that tides may modulate earthquake activity in volcanic areas, specifically during magma migration at shallow depths. A conceptual model is proposed, which could have a general application in the Canary Islands archipelago and other volcanic islands.
Human microbiome transfer in the built environment differs based on occupants, objects, and buildings
Authors: Hoisington Andrew J. , Stamper Christopher E. , Bates Katherine L. , Stanislawski Maggie A. , Flux Michael C. , Postolache Teodor T. , Lowry Christopher A. , Brenner Lisa A.
Published: April 2023

Compared to microbiomes on other skin sites, the bacterial microbiome of the human hand has been found to have greater variability across time. To increase understanding regarding the longitudinal transfer of the hand microbiome to objects in the built environment, and vice versa, 22 participants provided skin microbiome samples from their dominant hands, as well as from frequently and infrequently touched objects in their office environments. Additional longitudinal samples from home environments were obtained from a subset of 11 participants. We observed stability of the microbiomes of both the hand and built environments within the office and home settings; however, differences in the microbial communities were detected across the two built environments. Occupants’ frequency of touching an object correlated to that object having a higher relative abundance of human microbes, yet the percent of shared microbes was variable by participants. Finally, objects that were horizontal surfaces in the built environment had higher microbial diversity as compared to objects and the occupants’ hands. This study adds to the existing knowledge of microbiomes of the built environment, enables more detailed studies of indoor microbial transfer, and contributes to future models and building interventions to reduce negative outcomes and improve health and well-being.
Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between social frailty and stress, anxiety, and depression
Authors: Demichelis Olivia P. , Grainger Sarah A. , Hubbard Ruth E. , Henry Julie D.
Published: April 2023

Social frailty refers to an inability to meet basic social needs and has been identified as a threat to physical and mental health. Although social frailty has been linked with many adverse health and well-being outcomes, potential mediators of the relationship between social frailty and well-being remain poorly understood. Emotion regulation refers to the capacity to alter the experience of emotions to behave in accordance with a desired goal. The present study was designed to provide the first direct test of whether emotion regulation mediates the relationships between social frailty and important well-being outcomes (stress, anxiety, and depression). A total of 790 participants completed validated measures of social frailty, stress, anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. In line with our preregistered hypotheses, higher social frailty predicted increased stress, anxiety, and depression, and each of these relationships were partially mediated by emotion regulation capacity. These data provide novel evidence that emotion regulation abilities may serve as a protective factor against the negative consequences of social frailty.
The effect of oral administration of undenatured type II collagen on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in young and old rats
Authors: Sahin Emre , Orhan Cemal , Erten Fusun , Saiyed Zainulabedin , Azari Elnaz Karimian , Durkee Shane , Sahin Kazim
Published: April 2023

We investigated whether different doses of undenatured type II collagen (undenatured collagen, UC-II) help improve monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced (osteoarthritis) OA in young and old rats. A total of 70 rats were divided into five groups: (1) control; (2) MIA (a single intra-articular injection of MIA); (3)–(5) MIA+ Undenatured Collagen with various oral doses (0.66, 1.33, and 2 mg/kg). The results showed that all doses of undenatured collagen in both age groups reduced knee diameter, while the two higher doses (1.33 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg) reduced the Mankin score and increased most gait measurements as early as day 14 compared to the MIA rats. However, the 2 mg/kg dose showed the best efficacy in improving Mankin score and gait measurements by 28 days post-OA induction. In young but not old rats, all doses of undenatured collagen reduced the Kellgren-Lawrence score compared to the MIA group. Undenatured collagen reduced the levels of most inflammatory and cartilage breakdown markers in serum and knee joint cartilage in both age groups. In conclusion, this data suggests that while all doses of undenatured collagen supplementation may ameliorate MIA-induced OA symptoms, the higher doses showed faster improvement in gait measurements and were more efficacious for overall joint health in rats.
Development and assessment of novel machine learning models to predict the probability of postoperative nausea and vomiting for patient-controlled analgesia
Authors: Xie Min , Deng Yan , Wang Zuofeng , He Yanxia , Wu Xingwei , Zhang Meng , He Yao , Liang Yu , Li Tao
Published: April 2023

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can lead to various postoperative complications. The risk assessment model of PONV is helpful in guiding treatment and reducing the incidence of PONV, whereas the published models of PONV do not have a high accuracy rate. This study aimed to collect data from patients in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital to develop models for predicting PONV based on machine learning algorithms, and to evaluate the predictive performance of the models using the area under the receiver characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall rate, F1 value and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC). The AUC (0.947) of our best machine learning model was significantly higher than that of the past models. The best of these models was used for external validation on patients from Chengdu First People’s Hospital, and the AUC was 0.821. The contributions of variables were also interpreted using SHapley Additive ExPlanation (SHAP). A history of motion sickness and/or PONV, sex, weight, history of surgery, infusion volume, intraoperative urine volume, age, BMI, height, and PCA_3.0 were the top ten most important variables for the model. The machine learning models of PONV provided a good preoperative prediction of PONV for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia.
Ecological stability of Late Pleistocene-to-Holocene Lesotho, southern Africa, facilitated human upland habitation
Authors: Patalano Robert , Arthur Charles , Carleton William Christopher , Challis Sam , Dewar Genevieve , Gayantha Kasun , Gleixner Gerd , Ilgner Jana , Lucas Mary , Marzo Sara , Mokhachane Rethabile , Pazan Kyra , Spurite Diana , Morley Mike W. , Parker Adrian , Mitchell Peter , Stewart Brian A. , Roberts Patrick
Published: April 2023

Investigation of Homo sapiens’ palaeogeographic expansion into African mountain environments are changing the understanding of our species’ adaptions to various extreme Pleistocene climates and habitats. Here, we present a vegetation and precipitation record from the Ha Makotoko rockshelter in western Lesotho, which extends from ~60,000 to 1,000 years ago. Stable carbon isotope ratios from plant wax biomarkers indicate a constant C3-dominated ecosystem up to about 5,000 years ago, followed by C4 grassland expansion due to increasing Holocene temperatures. Hydrogen isotope ratios indicate a drier, yet stable, Pleistocene and Early Holocene compared to a relatively wet Late Holocene. Although relatively cool and dry, the Pleistocene was ecologically reliable due to generally uniform precipitation amounts, which incentivized persistent habitation because of dependable freshwater reserves that supported rich terrestrial foods and provided prime locations for catching fish.
Architecture of dual emissive three-dimensional nanostructure composites containing graphitic 2D sheets and iron oxide nanoparticles: detection of short single-stranded DNA sequences
Authors: Parvin Nargish , Mandal Tapas K. , Joo Sang Woo
Published: April 2023

The repetitive heating and cooling; of, 2D and 1D nanomaterials are parallelly produced locally in a single reactor from the same precursors resulted RBC mimicked nanomaterials.
Solid-state self-catalyzed growth of N-doped carbon tentacles on an M(Fe, Co)Se surface for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Qi Pan , Chen Mengxu , Luo Teng , Zhao Changjiu , Lin Cong , Luo Hao , Zhang Dawei
Published: April 2023

A scalable and facile solid-catalyzed growth approach is reported to integrate N-doped carbon tentacles with metal selenide nanoparticles, showing great potential for mass production of non-precious metal catalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries.
Research advances in chlorinated benzene-containing compound oxidation catalyzed by metal oxides: activity-enhanced strategies and reaction-facilitated mechanisms
Authors: Luo Ning , Gao Fengyu , Chen Du , Duan Erhong , Sani Zaharaddeen , Yi Honghong , Tang Xiaolong
Published: April 2023

Typical metal oxides (V, Mn, Ce) are introduced in the catalytic degradation of Chlorinated benzene-containing compounds (CBCs), whose reaction pathways, activity influencing factors and enhancement strategies are reviewed.
Selective adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes on mesoporous UiO-66 synthesized using a template-free sonochemistry method: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Putra Hidayat Alvin Romadhoni , Zulfa Liyana Labiba , Widyanto Alvin Rahmad , Abdullah Romario , Kusumawati Yuly , Ediati Ratna
Published: April 2023

In this study, template-free mesoporous UiO-66(U) has been successfully synthesized in shortened time by sonochemical methods and provided energy savings.
Green nanobiopolymers for ecological applications: a step towards a sustainable environment
Authors: Chincholikar Preeti , Singh Kshitij RB , Natarajan Arunadevi , Kerry Rout George , Singh Jay , Malviya Jitendra , Singh Ravindra Pratap
Published: April 2023

This perspective presents the role of biodegradable green nanobiopolymers in conserving the environment.
Optimization of amino acid-based poly(ester urea urethane) nanoparticles for the systemic delivery of gambogic acid for treating triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Ji Ying , Li Juan , Xiao Shilin , Kwan Hiu Yee , Bian Zhaoxiang , Chu Chih-Chang
Published: April 2023

By exploring the structural design and tunability of polymeric nanocarriers, amino acid-based poly(ester urea urethane) is developed as a delivery vehicle for gambogic acid in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
Chirality in luminescent Cs3Cu2Br5microcrystals producedvialigand-assisted reprecipitation
Authors: Branzi Lorenzo , Kavanagh Aoife , Back Michele , Speghini Adolfo , Gun’ko Yurii K. , Benedetti Alvise
Published: April 2023

Chiroptical activity in luminescent all-inorganic cesium copper bromide producedviaa ligand-assisted reprecipitation method in the presence of arginine.
Ultrahigh magnetic resonance contrast switching with water gated polymer–silica nanoparticles
Authors: Yuan Daohe , Ellis Connor M. , Mózes Ferenc E. , Davis Jason J.
Published: April 2023

Ultrahigh T1 relaxivity switching is achieved with pH-responsive polymer–silica nanoparticles and their strong peripheral association with water.
Construction of a Z-scheme heterojunction bifunctional photocatalyst with Ag-modified AgBr embedded in β-Bi2O3 flowers
Authors: Guan Xin , Wang Xiao-li , Zhu Xue-wen , Yu Hui , Yang Ming , Dong Xiang-ting , Yang Ying , Xia Long
Published: April 2023

AgBr were embedded in β-Bi2O3, and Ag was modified on the AgBr to construct the Ag–AgBr/β-Bi2O3 dual functional photocatalyst.
Catalytic hydrogenative dechlorination reaction for efficient synthesis of a key intermediate of SDHI fungicides under continuous-flow conditions
Authors: Ishitani Haruro , Kawase Tomoya , Das Amrita , Kobayashi Shū
Published: April 2023

Selective hydrodechlorination under continuous-flow conditions for a fungicide intermediate was investigated using heterogeneous Pd catalysts, and the desired difluoromethyl-substituted pyrazole obtained quantitatively at 1.5 h−1 of SVmol value.
Sustainable synthesis of azobenzenes, quinolines and quinoxalines via oxidative dehydrogenative couplings catalysed by reusable transition metal oxide–Bi(iii) cooperative catalysts
Authors: Kocsis Marianna , Baán Kornélia , Ötvös Sándor B. , Kukovecz Ákos , Kónya Zoltán , Sipos Pál , Pálinkó István , Varga Gábor
Published: April 2023

Heterogeneous catalytic oxidative dehydrogenative processes for N-heterocycles are presented, which enable waste-minimized (additive-, oxidant-, base-free), efficient cyclisations/couplings via transition metal oxide–Bi(iii) cooperative catalysis.
Associations of serum betaine with blood pressure and hypertension incidence in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Rong-zhu , Ma Jing-fei , Chen Si , Chen Yu-ming , Fang Ai-ping , Lu Xiao-ting , Huang Zi-hui , Zhu Hui-lian , Huang Bi-xia
Published: April 2023

The association between betaine and hypertension risk remains uncertain. Few prospective studies were originally designed to investigate this association.
Cardamonin targets KEAP1/NRF2 signaling for protection against atherosclerosis
Authors: Fan Pengfei , Meng Huali , Hao Wenhao , Zheng Yan , Li Hui , Zhang Zhiyue , Du Lei , Guo Xin , Wang Dongliang , Wang Yunyan , Wu Hao
Published: April 2023

Cardamonin and the Kelch domain inhibitor Ki696 structurally inhibit KEAP1, leading to the dissociation of NRF2 from KEAP1. This promotes NRF2 nuclear translocation and antioxidant gene expression, preventing atherosclerosis.
Spray pyrolysis technology-based closed-loop for regenerating single-crystal cathodes from spent lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Tao , Zhou Yongchao , Chen Ziyu , Li Yan
Published: April 2023

A spray pyrolysis-based closed-loop for regenerating cathodes from spent lithium-ion batteries is proposed, which could simultaneously achieve the separation of Li/transition metals and the preparation of high-quality precursors for the synthesis of cathodes.
Monitoring of the voltage-induced microstructure of C12mimBr ionic liquids on a HOPG surface usingin situXAFS
Authors: Jiang Fangling , Song Yuting , Sha Maolin , Chen Shimou
Published: April 2023

The structure of C12mimBr ILs on a HOPG surface gradually transformed from the mixed layer and ‘co-adsorbed overscreening’ to an ‘alternating anion and cation’ configuration upon increasing the voltage from no voltage to 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 V.
Selective and sensitive on-site colorimetric detection of 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol using non-enzymatic molecularly imprinted graphitic carbon nitride hybrids in milk and water samples
Authors: Komal M. , Vinoth Kumar J. , Arulmozhi R. , Sherlin Nivetha M. , Pavithra S. , Abirami N.
Published: April 2023

Detection of BPA using MIP@g-C3N4 hybrid nanocomposite in milk and water samples.
Manipulating morphology and composition in colloidal heterometallic nanopods and nanodendrites
Authors: Ming Siyi , Wheatley Andrew E. H.
Published: April 2023

Obtaining Pt-based nanopods and nanodendrites selectively whilst also leveraging compositional control represents an exciting opportunity to develop nanomaterials with high surface-area-to-volume ratios suitable for electrocatalysis.
Two-dimensional MoSi2As4-based field-effect transistors integrating switching and gas-sensing functions
Authors: Dong Mi-Mi , He Hang , Wang Chuan-Kui , Fu Xiao-Xiao
Published: April 2023

A multifunctional complex is proposed theoretically for the first time, integrating a field-effect transistor (FET) and FET-type gas sensor together.
Nitronate-aryne cycloaddition as a concise route to stereochemically complex fused benzisoxazolines and amino alcohols
Authors: Lukoyanov Alexander A. , Tabolin Andrey A. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Aksenova Svetlana A. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu.
Published: April 2023

Reaction of nitronates with arynes affords tricyclic nitroso acetals, which serve as precursors of valuable aminodiols bearing up to four contiguous stereocenters.
Functional supramolecular aggregates based on BODIPY and aza-BODIPY dyes: control over the pathway complexity
Authors: Chen Zhijian , Chen Zhaoying
Published: April 2023

The recent advances in the supramolecular assembly of BODIPY and aza-BODIPY dyes are reviewed, emphasizing the control over the kinetic pathway complexity of this class of dyes, and the prospects for future research are summarized.
A new desorption method of polyurethane foam for the determination of gold and a comparative study on four desorption methods based on meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Yaru , Lu Jilong , Li Mao , Wei Qiaoqiao , Fan Yuchao , Wang Yongzhi
Published: April 2023

Accurate gold determination in geological samples is important for studying geological problems. Here we perform a comparative study on four desorption methods based on meta-analysis and propose a new desorption method of polyurethane foam for gold determination.
Application of 5V spinel material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 in Li-ion batteries: single crystalline or polycrystalline?
Authors: Jin Jia , Wei Jinping , Zhou Zhen , Xie Zhaojun
Published: April 2023

The 5V spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode materials with different morphology were prepared by a solid state calcination method and characterized by XRD, ICP, FE-SEM.
Understanding hydrodynamic wear in self-similar superhydrophobic coatings subjected to rapid droplet impacts
Authors: Braconnier Daniel J. , Davidovits Terence , Erb Randall M.
Published: April 2023

Rapid droplet impact testing has been leveraged to identify the most resilient self-similar superhydrophobic materials exhibit apolar chemistry, hierarchical topography, and gradual spallation.
Preparation of polysubstituted imidazoles using AC-SO3H/[Urea]7[ZnCl2]2as an efficient catalyst system: a novel method, and α-glucosidase inhibitor activity
Authors: Nguyen Hai Truong , Truong Vy Anh , Tran Phuong Hoang
Published: April 2023

A new catalytic system has been developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted imidazoles through multicomponent reaction from nitrobenzenes, benzil, aldehydes, and ammonium acetate.
Photoinduced crystal melting with luminescence evolution based on conformational isomerisation
Authors: Komura Mao , Sotome Hikaru , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Ogawa Takuji , Tani Yosuke
Published: April 2023

UV irradiation induced conformational isomerisations of a 1,2-diketone in the crystal, causing multistep luminescence changes and eventual macroscopic melting.
Aqueous phase hydrogenation of furfural on Ni/TiO2 catalysts: nature of the support phase steers the product selectivity
Authors: Rajpurohit Anil Singh , Talla Venkata Rama Mohan , Jaccob Madhavan , Ramaswamy Krishnamurthy Konda , Viswanathan Balasubramanian
Published: April 2023

Titania crystal phases were able to tune the nature of metal through metal–support interaction and acidic sites for surface rearrangement and hydrogenation of furfural.
Exploring the mobility of Cu in bimetallic nanocrystals to promote atomic-scale transformations under a reactive gas environment
Authors: Mathiesen Jette K. , Colding-Fagerholt Sofie , Jensen Kim D. , Pedersen Jack K. , Vosch Tom , Rossmeisl Jan , Helveg Stig , Jensen Kirsten M. Ø.
Published: April 2023

The dynamic atomic-scale behaviour of metallic mono- and bimetallic nanocrystals under reactive gas environments show the direct effect of alloying and Cu mobility on the corresponding restructuring processes.
A tumor-targetable probe based on europium(iii)/gadolinium(iii) complex-conjugated transferrin for dual-modal time-gated luminescence and magnetic resonance imaging of cancerous cellsin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Song Bo , Jiang Jiao , Yan Huinan , Huang Shengjun , Yuan Jingli
Published: April 2023

A novel bioconjugate of lanthanide complexes for bimodal time-gated luminescence/magnetic resonance imaging of cancer cellsin vitroandin vivo.
Size- and facet-dependent photoelectrochemical properties of Cu2O crystals
Authors: Ma Hsueh-Heng , Huang Michael H.
Published: April 2023

While Cu2O cubes show the best photon-to-current efficiency under front-side illumination, photocurrent is greatly enhanced for rhombic dodecahedra under back-side illumination with more facile charge transport.
A novel shape classification method using 1‐D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zhang Xun , Liu Jingxian , Zheng Yalu , Zheng Yan , Hussain Masroor
Published: April 2023

Most of the shape classification methods are based on a single closed contour. However, practical shapes always have complex contours, for example, a combination of multiple open contours. How to accurately identify complex shapes is an unsolved problem. In this research, a novel method is proposed to classify complex shapes. The proposed method firstly encodes a complex shape to an angle code and a sparsity code, then input these codes to a 1‐D CNN for extracting features and classification. Experiments on two datasets show this novel method is superior in terms of classification accuracy. These two datasets are practical shape dataset collected by this paper on internet and MPEG‐7 CE‐1 Part B. The proposed method achieves higher classification accuracy than compared methods. In order to show the performance of the proposed method on each class, the accuracy on each class is analyzed. Ablation experiment is conducted to show the contribution of each module in the network. The result shows that each module is meaningful in the network, because without any module the accuracy drops.
An adaptive grid integrated photovoltaic system with perturb T–S fuzzy based sliding mode controller MPPT tracker: An experimental realization
Authors: Priyadarshi Neeraj , Maroti Pandav Kiran , Khan Baseem
Published: April 2023

This research work proposes an adaptive grid integrated photovoltaic (PV) system with perturb adaptive T–S fuzzy approach‐based sliding mode controller (SMC) (T–S fuzzy SMC) as a maximum power point tracker (MPPT). In this work, a grid‐connected single‐phase H‐bridge microinverter is employed which is controlled using sine pulse width modulation (SPWM). The proposed variable step sliding mode controller‐based MPPT has high PV tracking efficiency, strong adaptive capability, high precision, simpler hardware implementation, better transient performance, and rapid convergence velocity compared to other recent MPPT algorithms under discontinuous non‐linear operating conditions. The Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) based perturb adaptive sliding mode controller MPPT generates adaptive perturbation and has high‐performance efficiency under changing solar irradiance levels compared to the Mamdani approach. The proposed inverter controller provides better power quality performance with less total harmonic distortion (THD) as the SPWM technique can minimize lower‐order harmonics. Experimental results justify the control system design with high performance and PV system MPPT efficiency is found 98.45% using proposed T–S fuzzy SMC method. From practical results THD of grid voltage/current is found according to IEEE 519 coder, which is less than the 5% limit.
Revisiting the cycle-rotation connection for late-type stars
Authors: Mittag M. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Schröder K.-P.
Published: April 2023

Aims. We analyse the relation between the activity cycle length and the Rossby number, which serves as a ‘normalised’ rotation period and appears to be the natural parameter in any cycle relation.

Methods. We collected a sample of 44 main sequence stars with well-known activity cycle periods and rotation periods. To compute the Rossby numbers from the observed rotation periods, we used the respective B − V-dependent empirical turnover-times and derived the empirical relation between the cycle length and Rossby number.

Results. We found a linear behaviour in the double-logarithmic relation between the Rossby number and cycle period. The bifurcation into a long and a short period branch is clearly real but it depends, empirically, on the colour index B − V, indicating a physical dependence on effective temperature and position on the main sequence. Furthermore, there is also a correlation between cycle length and convective turnover time with the relative depth of the convection zone. Based on this, we derived empirical relations between cycle period and Rossby number individually for narrow B − V ranges, for both cycle branches, as well as a global relation for the short-period branch. For the short period cycle branch relations, we estimated a scatter of the relative deviation between 14% and 28% on the long-period cycle branch. With these relations derived purely from stellar data, we obtained a good match with the 10.3−1.0+1.1 yr period for the well known 11-year solar Schwabe cycle and a long-period branch value of 104−34+50 yr for the Gleissberg cycle of the Sun. Finally, we suggest that the cycles on the short-period branch appear to be generated in the deeper layers of the convective zone, while long-period branch cycles seem to be related to fewer deep layers in that zone.

Conclusions. We show that for a broader B − V range, the Rossby number is a more suitable parameter for universal relation with cycle-rotation than just the rotation period alone. As proof, we demonstrate that our empirical stellar relations are consistent with the 11-year solar Schwabe cycle, in contrast to earlier studies using just the rotation period in their relations. Previous studies have tried to explain the cycle position of the Sun in the cycle-rotation presentation via other kinds of dynamo, however, in our study, no evidence is found that would suggest another type of dynamo for the Sun and other stars.
Anal Cancer in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients is a Neglected Condition
Authors: Iamut Maruska Dib , Lacerda Marcela Ignaccthiti , Júnior Mário Araújo , Macedo Jacyara Maria Brito , Klumb Evandro Mendes
Published: April 2023

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a higher incidence of neoplasms associated with human papillomavirus infections, such as those that affect the vulva, the vagina, and the cervix; however, little is known about the frequency of anal cancer among these patients. Although there are recommendations for screening for this cancer in immunosuppressed individuals, it is possible that this procedure is not strictly followed. We describe the case of a 47-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus who was treated with immunosuppressants and developed advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma after adequate treatment and healing of a high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion. Five years after the completion of the anal cancer treatment, the patient presented with cystic hepatic lesions that were histopathologically confirmed to be metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. This report aimed to highlight the need for anal cancer screening in patients with lupus, particularly if there was a history of cervical cytopathological alterations.
Colonoscopic Laxative Instillation for the Fecal-loaded Colon: A Case Series
Authors: Wagle Suhas D. , Wagle Aneeta S.
Published: April 2023

Context Postoperative, critically ill, and elderly patients often have fecal loading or impaction. In a few such patients, disimpaction of fecalomas and colon cleansing are difficult. Bowel obstruction, megacolon, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and gut perforation are complications that may ensue. Oral laxatives or enemas may only be partially effective. Surgical intervention may be needed for salvage or to treat complications.

Series and Design Fourteen hospitalized cases with defecation disorder due to fecal loading of the colon were enrolled for retrospective analysis. Colonoscopic instillation of mannitol and/or lactulose was undertaken as an intervention when the use of oral laxatives was either ineffective or unfeasible, and enema had yielded poor results.

Results Ten patients had satisfactory outcomes for fecal clearance, whereas four patients with poor or incomplete responses underwent repeat interventions or surgery. No significant complications were encountered due to this therapy.

Conclusion Colonoscopic instillation of mannitol or lactulose in fecal-loaded critically ill patients results in a safe and satisfactory fecal clearance.