bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
فاعلية استراتيجية المكعب في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة الرياضيات
Authors: رجا جنان احمد
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة (فاعلية استراتيجية المكعب في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة الرياضيات) ولغرض التحقق من أهداف البحث صاغت الباحثة فرضية صفرية.
أجرت الباحثة تجربة استغرقت فصلا دراسياً كاملاً، وقد تم اعتماد الإجراءات التالية:

تم اختيار التصميم التجريبي (ذي الضبط الجزئي) لمجموعتين متكافئتين (تجريبية وضابطة)، إذ قامت الباحثة باختيار مدرسة (ام المؤمنين) كمحل لتجربتهما ومدرسة) البيان) بصورة قصدية؛ كونها قريبة من محل سكنها ولتعاون ادارة المدرسة معهما، وتكونت عينة البحث من (51) طالبة. تم توزيعهم بصورة عشوائية إلى مجموعتين تجريبية تم تدريسها باستعمال استراتيجية المكعب، وضابطة تم تدريسها بالطريقة الاعتيادية وبواقع (25) طالبة للمجموعة التجريبية و (26) للمجموعة الضابطة. ومن أجل سلامة البحث كافأت الباحثة بين مجموعتي البحث في بعض المتغيرات التي قد تكون ذات تأثير في المتغير المستقل مثل (العمر الزمني والتحصيل السابق).
تم تحديد المادة العلمية الخاصة بالبحث متمثلة بالفصول (1، 2، 3) من كتاب مادة الرياضيات للعام الدراسي 2022-2023 م. وتم تحديد (124) غرضاً سلوكياً، حيث أعدت الباحثة الخطط التدريسية الخاصة بالمجموعتين.
أعدت الباحثة الأدوات اللازمة للبحث حيث اعدت اختباراً للتحصيل.
بعد تهيئة مستلزمات البحث طبقت الباحثة التجربة في النصف الدراسي الأول من العام الدراسي (2022- 2023م)، وقد قامت الباحثة بتدريس مجموعتي البحث بنفسها، وبعد انتهاء التجربة وتطبيق الاختبار والحصول على النتائج، تمت معالجتها إحصائيا باستخدام الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة، وقد أظهرت النتائج:

تفوق طالبات المجموعة التجريبية على طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في اختبار التحصيل.
وبناءً على النتائج استنتجت الباحثة بأن هذه الاستراتيجية في التدريس لها أثر ايجابي في تحصيل الطالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة الرياضيات، وفي ضوء ذلك طرحت الباحثة عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات.
أثر أنموذج تسريع التفكير (CASE) في تحصيل مادة الرياضيَّات وتنمية الثقة بالنفس لدى طالبات الصف الثالث المتوسط
Authors: أحمد قبع شيماء حكمت
Published: May 2024

هدف البحث إلى معرّفة أثر أنموذج تسريع التفكير(CASE) في تحصيل مادَّة الرياضيَّات وتنمية الثقة بالنفس لدى طالبات الصفِّ الثالث المتوسط, ولتحقيق هدف البحث صيغت ثلاث فرضيَّات صفريَّة، واختيار عيِّنة قصديَّة من طالبات الصفِّ الثالث المتوسط في ثانوية أوات للبنات التابعة لممثلية وزارة التربية في محافظة أربيل للعام الدراسي (2022-2023م), بواقع (61) طالبة توزَّعت على شعبتين: مجموعة تجريبية مكونة من(31) طالبة, درِّست باستخدام أنموذج تسريع التفكير, ومجموعة ضابطة مكونة من(30) طالبة, درِّست بالطريقة الاعتيادية, وأجريت عمليَّة التكافؤ في عدد من المتغيِّرات, وتطلَّب البحث أداتين: الأولى اختباراً تحصيلياً تكوَّن من(10) فقرات موضوعيَّة من نوع الاختيار من متعدِّد, وقد اتَّسم الاختبار بالصِّدق والثبات, والثانية فهي مقياس جاهز للثقة بالنفس الذي أعدَّه البياتي (2006) تكوَّن من (44) فقرة .
      تمَّ إجراء الاختبار القبلي لمقياس الثقة بالنفس لطالبات عيِّنة البحث يوم الأحد (26-2-2023م), وبدأ تنفيذ الدروس للمجموعتين يوم الاثنين (27-2-2023م) واستمرَّ الى يوم الاثنين (27-3-2023م), إذ تمَّ تطبيق الاختبار التحصيلي يوم الثلاثاء (28-3-2023م)، ومقياس الثقة بالنفس البعدي يوم الأربعاء (29-3-2023م)، وبعد جمع البيانات وتحليلها إحصائيَّاً  وبمساعدة برنامج الحزم الإحصائية (SPSS) أظهرت النتائج وجود فرقٍ دالٍّ إحصائيَّاً بين مجموعتي البحث في تحصيل مادَّة الرياضيَّات وتنمية الثقة بالنفس ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية, ووجود فرق دالٍّ إحصائياً بين متوسط الفرق للاختبار القبلي والبعدي للثقة بالنفس لطالبات المجموعة التجريبية ولصالح الاختبار البعدي, وفي ضوء نتائج البحث خرجت الباحثة بعدد من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات, واقترحت مجموعة من الدراسات التكميلية .
ملامح البرجماتية في عروض المسرح التعليمي
Authors: عطا الله الكبيسي ايمان عبد الستار
Published: May 2024

ارتأت الباحثة اجراء دراسة حول (ملامح البرجماتية في عروض المسرح التعليمي) ومن اجل الوصول الى نتائج علمية رصينة لابد من اتباع منهج علمي في علاج المشكلات ومنها مشكلة البحث الحالي المتمثلة بالتساؤل الاتي(ماهي ابرز ملامح البرجماتية في عروض المسرح التعليمي) ووضعت هدفين هما (التعرف الى ملامح البرجماتية، الكشف عن تمثلات تلك الملامح في عروض المسرح التعليمي) وتشكلت الحدود بالعروض المسرحية التعليمية في العراق للفترة من( 2010- 2020) ترتكز. وحصرت مصطلحات البحث بـ(الملامح، البرجماتية، المسرح التعليمي) تعريفا وتحديدا، اما الفصل الثاني فقد تضمن مباحث ثلاث هي (التربية في الفكر البرجماتي، المسرح التعليمي، مقاربات بين البرجماتية والمسرح التعليمي) والثالث تضمن منهجية البحث المتمثلة المنهج بالوصفي التحليلي، وتمثل مجتمع بحثها بالعروض التعليمية في العراق التي بلغت (20) عرضاً مسرحياً وعرضت للفترة ما بين (2010-2021) تم اختيار مسرحية(اميرة الاحلام) بشكل عشوائي. وتم عرض النتائج تبين أن الفقرات الاتية:

حصلت على اكبر قيمة للوسط المرجح إذ بلغ وسطها المرجح (3) و وزن نسبي بلغ (100%). ومما يدل على أن نسبة ظهورها في المسرحية التعليمية تأتي في المرتبة الأولى.
قد حصلت على قيمة الوسط المرجح إذ بلغ (2.83) وبوزن نسبي بلغ (94.44) ومما يدل على أن نسبة ظهورها في مسرحية اميرة الاحلام حاز على المرتبة الثانية.
حصلت على وسط مرجح بلغ (2) ووزن نسبي (66.67). وقد اوصت الباحثة بضرورة اعتماد نتائج الدراسة من قبل المختصين بالنشاط المدرسي المسرحي لما للمسرح التعليمي من دور في تنمية وبناء ذوات المتعلمين.
الطوبولوجيا والمتغيرات السينوغرافية في العرض المسرحي (مسرحية yes Godot انموذجا)
Authors: إبراهيم انعام معن
Published: May 2024

تعد التجارب المسرحية نتاجا طبيعيا للمتغيرات الاجتماعية والسياسية والاقتصادية والقيمية التي تطال الانسان على مر العصور، والمسرح هو نتاج مجتمعي يسعى الى تحديد تلك المتغيرات والعمل على معالجتها فنيا وفكريا وتقنيا وجماليا، كما ان العلوم المجاورة للمسرح قد ساهمت بشكل كبير في تطوره عبر الثورات الكبرى (الحربين العالميتين الاولى والثانية) فضلا عن الثورات الصناعية التي تلتها وكذلك التطورات التكنولوجية التي ساهمت هي ايضا ببلورة مفهوم السينوغرافيا في فضاء العرض المسرحي، كما ان (الطبولوجيا) او الهندسة المطاطية للمتغيرات في المادة التي لا تتغير بشكلها الخاص بل تساهم اطرها الخارجية باعادة تدوير الفضاء على حسب متطلبات العرض المسرحي فكرا وتقانة، اذ تحدد هذا البحث بدراسة (الطوبولوجيا والمتغيرات السينوغرافية  في العرض المسرحي)، وتناولت) الباحثة) في تحليلها للعينة عرضا مسرحيا قصديا من عروض المخرج (انس عبدالصمد)  والتي قدمت عام (2021) على مسرح الرشيد تحت عنوان (yes godot)، والذي تناول تأثير المكان والمتغيرات السينوغرافية فيه فضلا عن الهندسة المطاطية (الطوبولوجيا) وتناغماتها مع الفضاء المسرحي، فضلا عن فاعلية واشتغال المنظومتين (الطوبولوجية والسينوغرافية ومتغيراتهما) في تفعيل عناصر العرض المسرحي الاخرى.
 لقد ركزت (الباحثة) على محور المشكلة التي تمثلت بالسؤال عن ما هية الطوبولوجيا ؟ والمتغيرات السينوغرافية ؟ وتأثيرهما في بنية فضاء العرض المسرحي. فقد حاولت (الباحثة) ان تتوصل الى اجوبة لتلك الاسئلة الجمالية عبر الكشف عن تلك التعالقات والتشاكلات ما بين الطوبولوجيا والمتغيرات السينوغرافية في تشكلات عناصر العرض وفاعلية بنية الصورة المرئية للفضاء المسرحي وبوساطة السينوغرافيا المرتبطة بأداء الممثل في الفضاء واشتغالاته على بقية عناصر الانتاج المسرحي.
منير بشير ودوره في نشر آلة العود عربيا وعالميا
Authors: مجبل مهند رسن
Published: May 2024

إن الإقبال على دراسة وبحث الفنون الموسيقية وطرق تدوين منجز الآلات إنما يحفظ التراث الموسيقي من الضياع ويضعه في متناول أي جيل، بعد أن بدأ علم الموسيقى يهدف الى مزيد من الموضوعية والى التخلص من القيود التأملية والعاطفية التي كانت سائدة في تحليل ودراسة الموسيقى، وإذ ان آلة العود هي واحدة من الآلات الموسيقية العربية العريقة التي ينسبها البعض الى السومريين قد شملتها تلك المرحلة من الموضوعية في قراءة التاريخ الموسيقي وطرق النهوض بإعادة التوعية الموسيقية وإعادة التعريف بأهمية بعض الآلات لا سيما الوترية القديمة.
ويعد عازف العود العراقي العالمي (منير بشير)، صاحب رسالة موسيقية مهمة في العزف على آلة العود تمتد جذورها في عمق حضارات وادي الرافدين وما عطاء (منير بشير) إلا تواصلا للمعاصرين مع الإرث الموسيقي، إذ يعتبر هو صاحب مدرسة مستقلة الأركان ومتفردة في طرق وآلية استخدام العود تخرج منها الكثير من عمالقة العزف على تلك الآلة أمثال (نصير شمة، سامي نسيم، سالم عبد الكريم، صفوت محمد علي)، ولقد وجد الباحث في هذه المرحلة ميدانا خصبا للبحث والمعاينة، فبدأ بإطاره المنهجي محددا مشكلة بحثه والحاجة اليه ومن ثم أهميته فأهدافه فمصطلحاته، أما الإطار النظري فقد ضمنه الباحث ثلاث مباحث ، الأول يتحدث عن (منير بشير) حياته وعلمه ونمو موهبته الموسيقية إذ هو تضمن محورين أيضا الأول: حياته وعلمه ، أما الثاني: فهو تجربته وجولاته الفنية، أما المبحث الثاني ضمنه الباحث بتناوله (منير بشير) وأزمة الموسيقى عراقيا وعربيا، أما المبحث الثالث فقد تضمن (آراء نقدية في تجربة منير بشير الموسيقية)، أما الفصل الثالث فقد خصصه الباحث لمعاينة إنموذج ( احدى مؤلفات منير بشير) وهي عينة من مقام الهزام (ارتجال في مقام الهزام) ، الذي أختاره الباحث للتحليل الموسيقي، ويلي ذلك الفصل الرابع الذي ضمن الباحث فيه نتائج البحث واستنتاجاته وتوصياته ومقترحاته، ثم الفصل الخامس يتضمن المصادر والملاحق.
الخصائص اللحنية والايقاعية في أغاني ناظم الغزالي
Authors: احمد حمدي مراد نصير
Published: May 2024

يتضمن البحث دراسة الخصائص اللحنية والايقاعية في الاغنية البغدادية عند الفنان ناظم الغزالي، كون ان الاغنية البغدادية تعتبر من التراث العراقي العريق، وان ناظم الغزالي واحد من أهم المطربين الذين تميزوا بغناء هذا اللون البغدادي الاصيل، وله دور مهم في تطوير ونشر الاغنية البغدادية محلياً وخارجياً.
تناول (الإطار المنهجي) عرض مشكلة البحث والحاجة اليه، وأهميته، وهدفه، وحدود بحثه التي شملت اغاني (ناظم الغزالي) كحد بشري، للكشف عن خصائصه اللحنية والايقاعية، وتحديد المصطلحات التي تضمنها البحث واشتمل (الإطار النظري) ثلاث مواضيع الاول: اللحن والايقاع، والثاني: الاغنية البغدادية، والثالث: ناظم الغزالي.
اما (اجراءات البحث) فقد اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وقد شمل (مجتمع البحث) (24) عينة إذ تمثل الاغاني الاكثر شيوعاً عند ناظم الغزالي، وقد تم اختيار العينة من ضمن المجتمع، والتطرق الى اداة البحث والمعيار التحليلي، ثم جاء (التحليل الموسيقي) للعينات المختارة، ثم تبعها نتائج التحليل، والتي من خلالها تم التوصل الى الاستنتاجات المبنية وفق الاهداف المطلوبة في هذا البحث، تليها قائمة المصادر والملخص باللغة الانجليزية.
BUILDING TRUST IN UNIVERSITY-LEVEL ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: A MIXED METHODS STUDY
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto
Published: May 2024

Trust in others is shown when an individual is prepared to prioritize their well-being without considering potential risks, driven by their unwavering belief in the moral integrity of others. The research investigates the degree of trust between students and teachers in English language instruction. It examines the underlying factors contributing to this trust and investigate the strategies teachers and students use to establish trust. The researcher used a mixed methods approach by integrating questionnaires and interviews to gather data for this study. The surveys were provided to 265 students using convenient sampling, while the interviews were purposefully conducted with ten lecturers and 18 students. The researcher used descriptive statistics to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire. Given that 63.7 % of students express trust in their instructors, the findings suggest that the degree of trust between students and professors is typically positive in the context of university-level English instruction. The interview data were examined using open, axial, and selective coding techniques. The study's findings indicate a reciprocal trust between students and teachers, with students demonstrating a solid foundation for this trust. In response, lecturers possess effective strategies for cultivating students' trust
EVALUATING COHESION AND COHERENCE IN THESIS INTRODUCTIONS: A THEMATIC PROGRESSION ANALYSIS OF EFL STUDENTS’ TEXTS
Authors: Ismail Ade , Anwar Indry Widyasti , Sailuddin Sartika Putri , Ismail Hijril
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to determine EFL students' skills in writing a thesis introduction. Five student dipilih berdasarkan level keterampilan menulis di mana kelima mahasiswa ini merupakan mahasiswa terbaik. The analysis method used is thematic progression. The student texts were analyzed for each paragraph, then counted how many sentences applied the Constant Theme Pattern, Linear Theme Pattern, Split Theme Pattern, and Derived Theme Pattern. The findings indicated that from the total 194 sentences being analysed, seventy-six employed this pattern to connect ideas. Another aspect of connecting ideas is the cohesive devices used. The higher application of definite articles, pronouns and word repetition is evident. Students majorly drew definite articles and demonstrative pronouns (e.g. this, that) which then makes it adaptable for readers to follow their idea development in a paragraph. Regarding the coherence, students in this study significantly relied on the theme of sentences to be the source of their idea development. Despite the clarity and coherence being well managed in students’ writing, the link between ideas can still be diversed by employing other patterns. Moreover, some rhemes contain new information that need further elaboration as the text grows. Students have applied the rules of thematic progression, although there are several sentences that do not comply with the principles of cohesion and coherence. Guidance and feedback from the lecturer is really needed so that writing skills are maintained, especially in writing the introduction to the thesis.
REVOLUTIONIZING BIOLOGY LEARNING THROUGH AR: THE CASE OF LEAFCAPTURE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Lismaya Lilis , Nurlaelah Ilah , Handayani Handayani
Published: May 2024

This study aims to produce learning media in the form of a Leafcapture Identification Application Based on Augmented Reality (AR) in plant morphology courses with accuracy, user interface, and good content. The research method used in this study is Research and Development (RD) with the The ADDIE approach involves a systematic process for designing learning media. In the Analyze stage, the focus is on identifying the need for new learning media, specifically the Leafcapture Identification Application Based on AR, and assessing its feasibility and requirements. In the Design stage, activities include application design, interface design, 3D image creation, and marker design. The Development stage involves gathering relevant content, such as plant leaf images and names, and setting up the application interface. During Implementation, the developed media is used and evaluated by experts and users to assess its impact on learning quality. Media experts validated the product with a 75% approval rating, while subject matter experts found it 88.89% valid. Evaluation was conducted by surveying students in plant morphology courses, with results confirming the product's effectiveness. Through AR, students can directly engage with three-dimensional (3D) models of various parts of plants, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. They can manipulate and examine each part more deeply, enhancing their understanding of the relationships between parts and the functions of each component. Additionally, AR makes learning plant morphology more engaging and lifelike.Keywords: Augmented Reality; biology; Leafcapture identification.
DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL LEARNING DEVICES ON TRIGONOMETRY MATERIAL WITH THE PEER TUTORING METHOD
Authors: Nurelyati  , Zetriuslita
Published: May 2024

This study aims to produce mathematics learning tools in the form of syllabi, learning implementation plans (RPP), and student worksheets (LKPD) using the peer tutoring method in senior high schools that are tested for validity. The development of learning tools in this study uses the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, and Evaluation. However, due to Covid-19 constraints, researchers can only develop the ADDIE model up to the Analysis, Design, and Development stages. The data collection instrument in this study used syllabus validation sheets, lesson plans validation sheets, and worksheet validation sheets. The data collection technique used was validation data from 2 Lecturers of FKIP Mathematics at Riau Islamic University and 2 Mathematics Subject Teachers at SMA PGRI Pekanbaru. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive statistical analysis which describes the data that has been collected and will be tested for its validity. From the results of the validity test, it was obtained that the syllabus validation results were 93.02% with very valid information, the RPP validation results were 96.36% with very valid information, and the LKPD validation results were 95.80% with very valid
How Technology Facility to Improve Numeracy in Riau Province
Authors: Dola Julianti  , Syahrul Imardi
Published: May 2024

The increase in numeracy in Indonesia depends on the facilities' quality at schools. This study aims to evaluate the technology facilities to improve the numeracy ability of students in Riau Province. The district to be the participant was Junior high schools of Dumai District. The research participant was teachers and students. The collection data techniques were interviews, observation, and documentation. The key instrument in this research was the researchers that gave questions to participants to get data about how the technology facility improves the numeracy of Students at Dumai District. The data analysis technique used in this research was analysis proposed by Creswell (2014). Results show that many facilities to increase numeration are still bad. Technology to improve students’ numeracy is not yet adequate because Dumai must improve public facilities such as highways, Harbor, markets and etc. The government is limiting the budget to help schools.
STUDENTS' ATTITUDE ANALYSIS TOWARD LEARNING MATHEMATICS
Authors: Revika Nofriani  , Fitri Wulan Sari  , Nabil Maulana Yuspelto  , Yusuf Devan Nr  , Wahyu Lestari Utami  , Siti Nurhalimah  , Nana Karina Mayda  , Dedek Andrian
Published: May 2024

This study has a goal, namely to describe the attitudes of junior high school students towards learning Mathematics. Disclosure of students' attitudes in learning mathematics is based on low mathematics learning outcomes at the junior high school level in Siak and Rokan Hulu Regencies, Riau Province. The type of research used is evaluation. The sample for this research was obtained from some students who were in Siak and Rokan Hulu Regencies, Riau Province. By using a sampling technique in the form of random sampling and data collection techniques in the form of surveys. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire, to measure junior high school students' attitudes towards learning mathematics. Before the instrument was used, the instrument in the form of a questionnaire was validated in terms of content and construct. In terms of content, validity analysis used the aiken formula while construct validity used second order CFA. Statistical analysis by calculating the average and standard deviation and consulting the assessment guide table to obtain an assessment of individual student attitudes. The evaluation results show that the attitude of SMP towards learning mathematics is in the category of good students. 
 
Keywords: Attitude analysis, mathematics learning, junior high school
A survey of train disasters and safety systems in Indian railways with a focus on signalling and telecommunications
Authors: Srinivasa Rao D.
Published: May 2024

Train is considered as one of the primary means of transport for the people across various regions in India. With a route length of around 68000 km, the Indian rail network is the fourth longest in the world and millions use its services daily. Despite having an extensive network and infrastructure, train accidents are not uncommon in India. The recent incident in Balasore district, Odisha, is the deadliest train disaster in over two decades. Nearly 295 people lost their lives and several hundred got injured in the triple train crash. This incident has brought attention to the safety measures and infrastructure of the country’s railway system. Although the Indian railway systems have seen significant development, the lack of a robust signalling system remains a major issue for such massive mishaps. This study discusses major train accidents with their causes and effects. Then, it discusses train disaster categories and the railway disaster management plan. It also provides a brief review of State-of-the-Art safety systems to prevent train accidents. Further, this study highlights the role of signalling and telecommunication systems in the safe and speedy movement of trains.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of Adathoda vasica and Andrographis paniculata in alleviating diabetic cardiopathy and neuropathy: A study on high-fat diet and low-dose STZ-induced rat model
Authors: Kavya Manjunath , Hariprasad Madakasira Guggilla , Purnima Ashok
Published: May 2024

Diabetes mellitus is the metabolic illness, if it is left untreated it leads to secondary complications especially in patients suffering from T2DM. Herbal drugs are in medical use since ages. It is found that both Adathoda vasica and Andrographis paniculata exhibited anti-diabetic activity. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore their therapeutic effects in alleviating the secondary complications like neuropathy, cardiopathy using HFD-low dose STZ experimental model. Present study is designed to explore the therapeutic potential of an aqueous ethanolic extract of Adathoda vasica and Andrographis paniculata in alleviating diabetic cardiopathy and neuropathy against HFD-low dose of STZ induced diabetic model. Diabetes was induced by treating the animals with HFD-low dose of STZ injection. Diabetic animals were selected for further investigation on cardiopathy and neuropathy where untreated and treated (Pioglitazone, increasing doses of AEEAV, AEEAP) diabetic animals were subjected to Eddy’s hot plate test, Tail immersion test and Charcoal meal test. Oxidative parameters (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT) were measured from sciatic nerve and heart homogenate, serum CK-MB, LDH, TC, TG, LDL and HDL were also measured. AEEAP showed improvement in intestinal transit time (P<0.001), restored antioxidants and reduced MDA levels in comparison with untreated diabetic animals (P<0.001). Cardiac biomarkers like CK-MB, LDH, TC, TG, LDL were significantly reduced in dose dependent manner (P<0.001) whereas HDL was found to be increased in treated diabetic animals. In addition, histopathology studies were well co-related with bio chemical improvement. Therefore, aqueous ethanolic extract of Adathoda vasica and Andrographis paniculata alleviates diabetic cardiopathy and neuropathy in HFD- STZ model of diabetes.
Antimicrobial and Phytohormone production potential of Azotobacter chroococcum and its effect on the growth of non-leguminous plants
Authors: Karale Mahesh , Karale Pushpa , Kadam Tukaram , Bhosale Hemlata , More Rahul
Published: May 2024

The overuse of chemical fertilizers in agriculture leads to a decrease in the fertility of soil and increases chemical pollution, which has adverse effects on living things. Biofertilizers have a solution towards chemical fertilizer to improve soil fertility and crop production. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to isolate different isolates of Azotobacter sp. to identify effective isolates for plant growth promoting activities and biological control. Six Azotobacter sp. were isolated and their plant growth promoting activities were checked. The isolate AC3 produced the highest amount (64 μg/ml) of IAA and produced HCN and 72 μg/ml of ammonia. The isolates AC1 and AC4 lacked the HCN production. Isolate AC3 showed a 26 mm zone of clearance on Pikovaskys agar, solublized the highest 71 μg/ml of inorganic phosphate and had the ability to produce siderophores. The isolate AC3 showed good antimicrobial potential against pathogens. Isolate AC3 was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics. The bioactive compound was produced by using Azotobacter chroococcum and purified by column chromatography. Fraction 1 showed good antimicrobial activity against all the pathogens. The highest zone of inhibition was 15 mm against F. oxysporum. FT-IR analysis of fraction 1 revealed carboxylic acid, alkane and carbonyl functional groups. Azotobacter chroococcum had a greater effect on the growth of non-leguminous plants in the bacterially inoculated pot than in the control.
Biosorption of Nickel from Electroplating Wastewater using Green Algae Volvox
Authors: Kanchana S. , Sarojini E. , Anitha Selvasofia S.D.
Published: May 2024

Of all the forms of water pollution, heavy metal pollution is the most hazardous as the pollutant is present in mobilized form. The ability of green algae volvox to biosorb nickel ions was investigated in batch mode so that it may be applied for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. The batch studies provide significant information regarding biosorption of nickel on green algae volvox in terms of pH and biomass dose for maximum removal of Ni(II) from the aqueous solution. The studies indicated that volvox is an effective biosorbent for Ni(II) removal. The maximum biosorption capacity was found to be 35.71 mg Ni(II)/g at an algal dose of 1g/L in 60 min of contact time with initial Ni(II) concentration of 100 mg/L and optimum pH of 4. The equilibrium studies in batch systems were described by Thomas and Freundlich isotherms. Best fit was obtained for both the isotherm models. It was found that the adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir model. With the advantage of high metal biosorption capacity, the biomass of volvox has the potential to be used as an efficient and economic biosorbent material for the removal of chromium from electroplating industrial wastewater.
Nature and Stability of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes with 5-Hydroxysalicylic Acid in DMSO-Water Mixtures: An Electrometric Investigation
Authors: Balakrishna M. , Charan P.H.K. , Suhasini K.P. , Ramanaiah M.
Published: May 2024

The main objective of the present study is to conduct an experiment to analyze the variation of protonation-deprotonation equilibria with regards to the dielectric constants of an organic medium, influence of errors on protonation constants and effect of pH chemical species distribution. The present investigation was carried out by using pH meter, processing of data was done by Gran titration. To obtain best fit chemical models, a modelling strategy such as SCPHD was used and a computer program was used for the refinement of results. In the present study, we studied the influence of dielectric constants of a medium DMSO on stability constants of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with 5-hydroxysalicylic acid (5-HSA). The species distribution diagrams were presented. The metal-ligand equilibria of the ligands revealed the calculated statistical parameters such as χ2, skewness, kurtosis and R-factor. Significant influence of co-solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-Water mixtures on the stability constants of metal-ligand complexes was observed.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ТИПОВ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ЦИФРОВЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ВИДЕОКОНФЕРЕНЦСВЯЗИ INDEX5 ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ОНЛАЙН-ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Курьян С.М. , Петрушкевич М.А.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются пути повышения качества онлайн-образования посредством цифровых инструментов инновационной видеоконференцсвязи Index5, основанной на компьютерном зрении, нейросетях, алгоритмах искусственного интеллекта, больших данных и аналитике. Проведено исследование психологических типов обучающихся и особенностей восприятия ими учебного контента, разработаны рекомендации по корректировке учебного контента с учетом психотипов пользователей.
ПЕРВИЧНЫЙ СКРИНИНГ АНТИФУГАЛЬНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ КОЛЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ИЗОЛЯТОВ РОДА BACILLUS
Authors: Еремеева С.В. , Сопрунова О.Б. , Якимец М.В.
Published: May 2024

Изучены особенности влияния бактерий рода Bacillus, выделенных из различных экотопов Нижнего Поволжья на фитопатогенные микромицеты рода Alternaria. Установлено, что высоким и средним антагонизмом обладают три вида тестируемых бацилл: Вас. amyloliquefaciens Т9-2-1, Вас. licheniformis Т 7-1-1, B. аtrophaeus Astu 1, зона задержки роста колоний грибов составляет от 10 до 31 мм.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫХ КОМБИНАЦИЙ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНОЙ РАДИАЦИИ НА БИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРОДУКЦИОННЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ РАСТЕНИЙ ОГУРЦА
Authors: Железникова О.Е. , Люлёв А.О. , Микаева С.А.
Published: May 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию эффективности технологического светодиодного освещения на биометрические и продукционные показатели растений огурца сорта «Святогор F1». Выявлен наиболее благоприятный спектр излучения при выращивании растений огурца по технологии светокультуры.
К ВОПРОСУ О СОСТОЯНИИ ОРГАНА ЗРЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ СВЕТОДИОДНОГО ОСВЕЩЕНИЯ
Authors: Железникова О.Е. , Аксенова С.В. , Кирюхин Ф.М. , Микаева С.А. , Журавлева Ю.А.
Published: May 2024

В работе проводились исследования состояния органа зрения в целом и его аккомодационно-мышечного аппарата в условиях светодиодного и люминесцентного освещения при выполнении зрительной нагрузки. Выявлено, что орган зрения лучше аккомодирует при светодиодном освещении (при Т в = 4000 К и Тце = 5000 К).                                                                    ^
Quantum Control of Nonlinear Dynamics in Confined Fluids
Authors: Johny Vinitha , Contera Sonia , Ghosh Siddharth
Published: May 2024

Investigating nonlinear fluid dynamics remains a challenge across physics from nanofluidics and biophysics to astrophysics. Here we introduce a quantum/classical theoretical approach that takes into account both quantum correlations and classical behaviour within a 2D fluid that is confined in a 3 μm side square. We employ a modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation, encompassing many-body interactions and confinement. This system reveals complex fluid dynamics characterised by dissipative solitons; a significant outcome is an asymptotic function that describes the soliton behaviour. The solitons exhibit intriguing geometrical and temporal transformations, guided by subtle phase gradients. We trace the soliton evolution from 1 ns to 83 ns, revealing the emergence of geometric oscillations in amplitude and phase angles. Under these phase gradients, solitons transition to states with reduced amplitude and expanded spatial profiles. These results show that geometric solitons can emerge from a quantum noisy environment, and lead us to propose an interesting possibility: it is feasible to control and manipulate nonlinear dynamics in systems with finite-range interactions and confinement using quantum control. By bridging quantum and classical dynamics, this study links various scientific disciplines, including non-equilibrium phases of condensed matter, unconventional/quantum computing and advanced control of nanofluidics. From a more fundamental perspective, this possibility of quantum control of classical behaviour advances our understanding of physics within multidimensional Hilbert spaces.
Enabling ionic transport in Li3AlP2 the roles of defects and disorder
Authors: Hu Ji , Squires Alexander G. , Kondek Jedrzej , Johnson Michael J. , Youd Arthur B. , Vadhva Pooja , Paul Partha , Withers Philip J. , Michiel Marco Di , Keeble Dean S. , Hansen Michael Ryan , Scanlon David O. , Rettie Alexander J.E.
Published: May 2024

Lithium phosphides are an emerging class of Li+ ion conductors for solid state battery applications. Despite potentially favorable characteristics as a solid electrolyte, stoichiometric crystalline Li3AlP2 has been reported to be an ionic insulator. Using a combined computational and experimental approach, we investigate the underlying reasons for this and show that ion transport can be induced via defects and structural disorder in this material. Lithium vacancies are shown to promote diffusion, and a low barrier to Li+ hopping of 0.2-0.3 eV is revealed by both simulations and experiment. However, polycrystalline pellets exhibit low ionic conductivity (≈10−8 S cm−1) at room temperature, attributed to crystalline anisotropy and the presence of resistive grain boundaries. These aspects can be overcome in nanocrystalline Li3AlP2, where ionic conductivity values approaching 10−6 S cm−1 and low electronic conductivities are achieved. This approach, leveraging both defects and structural disorder, should have relevance to the discovery of new, or previously overlooked, ion conducting materials.
Self-Limiting Electrospray Deposition (SLED) of Porous Polyimide Coatings as Effective Lithium-Ion Battery Separator Membranes
Authors: Green-Warren Robert , Fassler Andrew , Juhl Abigail , McAllister Noah , Huth Andrew , Grzenda Michael , Pejman S. Rahman , Arkhipov Maxim , Durstock Michael , Singer Jonathan
Published: May 2024

Electrospray deposition (ESD) is employed to produce separator membranes for coin-cell lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using off-the-shelf polyimide (PI). The PI coatings are deposited directly onto planar NMC electrodes via self-limiting electrospray deposition (SLED). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, and spectroscopic microreflectometry are implemented in combination to evaluate the porosity, thickness, and morphology of sprayed PI films. Electrochemical performance of the PI separators are analyzed via charge/discharge cycle rate tests. Discharge capacities of cells with the unoptimized SLED PI separators are within 83-99.8% of those with commercial Celgard 2325 PP/PE/PP separators. Furthermore, ultraviolet-visual wavelength spectroscopy (UV-vis) is utilized to qualitatively assess variation in film porosity within a prescribed temperature range of 20-400oC. UV-vis results underscore the ability of the SLED PI separator to maintain its porous microstructure up to ~350oC. This study points to the unique possibility of SLED as a separator manufacturing technique for geometrically complex energy storage systems. Further research is needed to optimize the polymer-solvent system to enhance control of porosity, pore size, and coating thickness. This can lead to significant improvement in rate and cycle life performance in more advanced energy storage devices.
Promoting effect of Pd nanoparticles on SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3 in the reverse water-gas shift reaction via the Mars–van Krevelen mechanism
Authors: Kobayashi Minori , Naniwa Shimpei , Matsuo Hiroki , Iguchi Shoji , Tanaka Tsunehiro , Teramura Kentaro
Published: May 2024

The reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction serves as a critical pathway for converting CO2 into diverse chemicals. The Mars–van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism, which leverages lattice oxygen as the oxidant and oxygen vacancies as reductants, offers an alternative catalytic strategy for the selective RWGS reaction. While Mn-substituted SrTiO3 (i.e., SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3) has been shown to promote the RWGS reaction selectively via the MvK mechanism, achieving a sufficient conversion of CO2 necessitates elevated temperatures. This study investigated the effect of Pd-loaded SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3 on the activation of adsorbed H2 molecules, which generated oxygen vacancies and enhanced CO2 conversion. Notably, 1.0 wt% Pd-loaded SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3 yielded 13.4% of CO at 673 K, whereas pristine SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3 and Pd-loaded SrTiO3 yielded negligible or minimal amount of CO. Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements revealed that Pd promoted the formation of oxygen vacancies via both thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and kinetic studies revealed that the RWGS reaction over Pd-loaded SrTi0.8Mn0.2O3 proceeded primarily via the MvK mechanism with a partial contribution from the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. This study underscores the effectiveness of combining metal and MvK-type catalysts to enhance the efficiency of the RWGS reaction.
α-Bromoacetate as a Mild and Safe Brominating Agent in the Light-Driven Vicinal Dibromination of Unactivated Alkene and Alkynes
Authors: Singh Harshvardhan , I. N. Hewa Inaththappulige Supuni , K. Tak Raj , Giri Ramesh
Published: May 2024

Light-induced vicinal dibromination of unactivated alkenes and alkyne has been demonstrated by using methyl alpha-bromoacetate as a mild brominating agent. Near-visible light (370 nm) light-emitting diode (LED) mediates this simple dibromination reaction under mild conditions with the inexpensive and non-toxic -bromoacetate. The reaction proceeds well with both terminal and internal alkenes and alkynes, and those contained in natural products and N/O-heterocycles, indicating its versatility in synthesizing dibrominated organic compounds.
Programming Fluid Motion Using Multi-Enzyme Micropump Systems
Authors: Song Jiaqi , Zhang Jianhua , Lin Jinwei , Shklyaev Oleg , Shrestha Shanid , Sapre Aditya , Balazs Anna , Sen Ayusman
Published: May 2024

In the presence of appropriate substrates, surface-anchored enzymes can act as pumps and propel fluid through microchambers. Understanding the dynamic interplay between catalytic reactions and fluid flow is vital to enhancing the accuracy and utility of flow technology. Through a combination of experimental observations and numerical modelling, we show that coupled enzyme pumps can exhibit flow enhancement, flow suppression, and changes in the directionality (reversal) of the fluid motion. The pumps’ ability to regulate the flow path is due to the reaction selectivity of the enzymes; the resultant fluid motion is only triggered by the presence of certain reactants. Hence, the reactants and the sequence in which they are present in the solution, and the layout of the enzyme-attached patches form an “instruction set” that guides the flowing solution to specific sites in the system. Such systems can operate as sensors that indicate concentrations of reactants through measurement of the trajectory along which the flow demonstrates maximal speed. The performed simulations suggest that the solutal buoyancy mechanism causes fluid motion and is responsible for all the observed effects. More broadly, our studies provide a new route for forming self-organizing flow systems that can yield fundamental insight into non-equilibrium, dynamical systems.
Synthesis of pi-Extended [1.1]Paracyclophanes, [1.1][n]PCP (n = 2, 3, and 4), and Their Through-space Conjugation
Authors: Yamago Shigeru , Kayahara Eiichi , Hirata Saya , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki , Yasuda Yuka , Kusakabe Yu , Kaji Hironori
Published: May 2024

[1.1][n]Paracyclophanes ([1.1][n]PCPs) (3) with n = 2, 3, and 4, which consist of two [n]paraphenylene units connected by methylene bridges, were synthesized using short synthetic pathways with good overall yields. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the paraphenylene unit in 3 is bent, resulting in an elliptic core structure of 3. The facing bridgehead carbons of the paraphenylene units are separated by a distance much shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of sp2-carbon atoms. UV-vis absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, electrochemical measurements, and theoretical calculations were used to demonstrate the presence of through-space (TS) conjugation in 3. Furthermore, host-guest complex formation between 3D (n = 3) and tetracyanoquinodimethane in the solid state was revealed.
Delayed Fluorescence and Amplified Chirality via Modified Substitution Position for Deep-red Circularly Polarized Organic Light Emitting-diodes
Authors: Zhu Lixun , Liu Dan , Wu Kaiwen , Xie Guohua , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2024

Developing easily accessible deep-red/near-infrared circularly polarized emitters for practical organic light-emitting diodes remains a significant challenge. Here, a practical strategy has been proposed for developing deep-red circularly polarized delayed fluorescent emitters based on a novel chiral acceptor platform. By changing triphenylamine (TPA) substitution position from para to meta, R/S-M-TBBTCN demonstrated thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties with a delayed lifetime of 6.6 μs that R/S-P-TBBTCN doesn’t have. Furthermore, R/S-M-TBBTCN showed a 20 nm red-shift in emission and a 10-fold enhancement in asymmetry factor (glum), compared with R/S-P-TBBTCN. The solution-processed nondoped circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) based on R-M-TBBTCN display deep-red emission and 2.2% external quantum efficiency.
Hardware and software solutions for implementing nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) sources on commercial mass spectrometers
Authors: Jiang Lixue , Hilger Ryan , Laskin Julia
Published: May 2024

Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is an ambient ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) approach that has been used for imaging of biological and environmental samples with high spatial resolution and throughput. Because nano-DESI has not yet been commercialized, researchers develop their own sources and interface them with different commercial mass spectrometers. Previously, several protocols focusing on the fabrication of nano-DESI probes have been reported. In this tutorial, we discuss different hardware requirements for coupling the nano-DESI source to commercial mass spectrometers, such as the safety interlock, inlet extension, and contact closure. In addition, we describe the structure of our custom software for controlling the nano-DESI MSI platform and provide detailed instructions for its usage. With this tutorial, interested researchers should be able to implement nano-DESI experiments in their own labs.
Non-Conventional Bulk Heterojunction Nanoparticle Photocatalysts for Sacrificial Hydrogen Evolution from Water
Authors: Mistry Jai-Ram , McQueen Ewan , Nudelman Fabio , Sprick Reiner Sebastian , Wright Iain A.
Published: May 2024

Photocatalyst systems combining donor polymers with acceptor molecules have shown the highest evolution rates for sacrificial hydrogen production from water for organic systems to date. Here, new donor molecules have been designed and synthesised taking inspiration from the structure-performance relationships which have been established in the development of non-fullerene acceptors. While a conventional bulk heterojunction (BHJ) pairing consists of a donor polymer and acceptor small molecules, here we have successfully reversed this approach by using our new molecules in combination with a n-type conjugated polymer to produce non-conventional BHJ nanoparticles and applied these blends to the sacrificial hydrogen evolution from water. The best performing heterojunction displayed high activity for sacrificial hydrogen production from water with a hydrogen evolution rate of 22,321 µmol h−1 g−1 which compares well with the state-of-the-art for conventional BHJ photocatalyst systems.
Refining EI-MS library search results through atomic-level insights
Authors: Ucak Umit Volkan , Ashyrmamatov Islambek , Lee Juyong
Published: May 2024

The inherent complexity of mass spectra and the lack of direct correlation between spectral and structural similarities retards structure elucidation and accurate peak annotation. For more accurate mass-to-fragment mapping, we propose a new approach combining CFM-EI, a fragmentation likelihood modeling tool in electron-ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) data, with an artificial-intelligence (AI) assisted multi-step complexity reduction strategy. Our methodology used modified atomic environments to represent fragments of super small organic molecules, and trained the Transformer model to predict the structural content of compounds based on their mass and intensity data with a peak precision of 86.1% and a recall rate of 78.4%. This holistic solution not only aids in interpreting EI-MS data by providing insights into atom types but also refines cosine similarity rankings by suggesting the inclusion or exclusion of certain atom types. Benchmark results using the NIST database demonstrated that our approach complements conventional methods by improving spectra matching through an in-depth atomic-level analysis.
Controlling molar mass and dispersity in polymers through deuteration: the case of poly(phenyl D3-vinyl sulfide)
Authors: Kutskaya Anastasia , Polynski Mikhail , Rodygin Konstantin , Demchenko Nina , Ananikov Valentine
Published: May 2024

Polymer properties can be defned by functionalizing the monomer and tuned by modifying key properties, such as, molar mass and dispersity. Typically, these modification approaches require significant alterations to the synthesis process, or even re-optimization of the whole process. In this study, we demonstrate that deuteration, a mainly overlooked method, can significantly influence the properties without altering the chemical structure of the monomer or the synthesis procedure. For the poly(phenyl vinyl sulfide), we introduce a technique for integrating deuterium into a monomer, providing a novel way to adjust the properties of the resulting polymer without changing its chemical nature. This method is both accessible and cost-effective, adhering to the principles of green chemistry. Quantum chemical analysis revealed that this control over properties is due to a reduction in the rate of the polymerization deactivation, which proceeds through the chain transfer mechanism. The opportunity hgighlighted in the present study may be well-applicable for a number of ohter polyemrs, leading to a new approach to pracical tuning of polymer properties and developing materials with enhanced properties.
The Interplay of Attitudes and Effectiveness: A Study on Financial Education among Young People in the Republic of Serbia
Authors:   Information Technology School ITS- Belgrade, LINK Group Belgrade, Faculty of Contemporary Arts Belgrade, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, Kuleto Valentin , Đokić Danica , Popović Šević Nevenka , Ilic Milena ,   Faculty of Contemporary Arts in Belgrade and Higher Education School of Professional Studies in Information Technology ITS - Belgrade, Serbia, Stojaković Dušan , Talaghir Laurentiu-Gabriel , Rusu Georgiana
Published: May 2024

This paper describes the current state of young people's attitude towards the world of finance and their need for financial education. Today, financial education is already practiced in many European countries, but this is not the case in the Republic of Serbia. However, research shows that financial literacy is one of the necessary skills for young people in the 21st century. The research results were presented on a sample of 175 people (exploratory research) aged between 18 and 35 from Serbia. The attitude of the respondents towards finances was presented, their financial habits were examined, and the results were presented using the method of descriptive statistics. Financial literacy plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable development and green finance by empowering individuals to make informed decisions that contribute to economic stability and growth.
DEMYSTIFYING DEMAND MANAGEMENT TO ENHANCE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN PUBLIC SECTOR
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha , Zitha H ,   University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: May 2024

One of the phenomena brought about by the genesis of supply chain management (SCM) in the South African public procurement sector arena is demand management (DM). If properly implemented, departments may be able to plan their procurement activities and has the potential to convert a procurement office from a mere reactive function into a fit for purpose office which will be responsive to the needs of its stakeholders in a more efficient and effective manner. Despite its glorious intensions, many government departments are still grappling with the implementation of DM function. The guiding question is: what are the obstacles preventing demand management functions from being implemented successfully? To find answers, the study applies a qualitative research approach, and information is obtained from literature review. Conceptual analysis is considered to analyse the data. The study aims to demystify the concept and provide a practitioner’s perspective regarding the implementation of DM. The motivation of the study is that the findings may assist procurement officials on how to implement DM effectively serving the needs of SCM. It may also serve as springboard in the body of knowledge, thus being used as a point of reference and continue to illuminate public discourse in the public sector procurement environment.