bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of prof. Dr. Velizar Nedovic in teacher education in Serbia
Authors: Šehović Sefedin , Prušević-Sadović Filduza
Published: March 2024

The paper presents a brief overview of the life and work of Professor Dr. Velizar Nedović, one of the most prominent figures in the field of pedagogy and education in general in Serbia. His personality and numerous works marked the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. In his works, he had visionary ideas of the development of education in Serbia and pointed out the shortcomings that he saw in pedagogical practice. He has left behind more than 150 scientific and professional papers used in teacher education and improving practice in schools.
Possibilities of research of natural materials in art activities in kindergarten: Examples from practice
Authors: Vojinovic Milena
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the importance of outdoor activities (in nature) and different possibilities of using natural materials in art activities in kindergarten. Special emphasis is placed on materials from nature that we can use in art activities: by exploring their characteristics and possibilities, by using them as an incentive/template for observation and research that leads to creativity in art materials, and as alternative art material, which children express themselves artistically. After presenting the attitudes and results of research by pedagogues and other scientists on the importance of learning in nature, the importance of using natural materials, but also learning about nature through art activities with children (ages 3 to 7), one example from practice is presented. Based on several examples from the art project that we realized in kindergarten, we presented possible ways of using natural materials. We conclude that the use of natural materials and the realization of artistic activities in nature (kindergarten yard) is of great importance, because their potentials enable the development of creativity in children, where through practical manipulation of natural materials children learn about the world around them and develop a positive attitude towards nature. Natural materials encourage creative thinking in children, who, by exploring their possibilities, through trial and mistake, come to longer-term knowledge.
Digital educational environment: Models of integration
Authors: Matović Sofija , Marković Ivana , Ristić Miroslava
Published: March 2024

Activities that lead to the integration of digital technolgies in kindergartens are a challenge for both developed and developing countries. The aim of this paper is to offer a synthetic overview of the model of integration of digital technologies in the educational environment in Serbia. The paper analyzes the specifics of the learning process of preschool children and the situation in which learning takes place and where the construction, reconstruction and co-construction of knowledge occurs, as well as the benefits of working directly with children in the digital environment. In addition to the analysis and reinterpretation of existing research, the paper uses modeling methods that detect potentials for integrating the use of educational digital technologies (with emphasis on hybrid environments) in the learning process within the old and new concepts of preschool education, ie within "Model A" , "Model B" and "Year of Ascent". The results of the research show that the construction of a digital educational environment requires a more precise legislative framework and a systematic approach that includes a phased strategy for implementation with the necessary comprehensive financial and professional support.
Digital technology from the aspect of future teachers and teacher in preschool in the field of Nature and Society
Authors: Bojanić Ljiljana
Published: March 2024

Researches point out that using digital technology increase the motivation of learning process and opens a lot of possibilities of using it on natural science and social studies, for example a virtual tour of Kalemegdan, museums. Digital technology provides an opportunity for entertainment and education in the lives of adults and children, and we wanted to explore how future teachers and teachers in preschool see the same in working with students. The aim of the paper was to determine the opinion of future teachers and teachers in preschool on the application of modern technology in work with children. The fourth-year students at Teacher Education Faculty were used as the representative sample. Descriptive method was used, while the instrument for determining the students' opinion was a Likert-scale which consisted items which dealt with the application of modern technology in work with children in the field of natural science and social studies. The results imply that the majority of the participants completely agree that preschool children and younger school-age children should use computers mostly for educational purposes and least for entertainment purposes.The results of the t-test indicate that there is no statistically significant difference in opinion between future teachers and teachers in preschool when we concedering a connection between the level of digital development skills of teachers and their influence on students digital skills development. An encouraging result is that the participants recognize the importance of the application of modern technology, but also that digital technology in the classes of Nature and Society can not replace staying and activities in nature. One of the restrictions of this research was a relatively small sample of the participants, as well as the urban environment, so the next research could be realized with a larger sample of students in smaller cities or rural areas.
Repeating pattern activities at preschool age
Authors: Vorkapić Marija
Published: March 2024

Activities with patterns are very common and very important in the period of the early education of children. Patterns are present in different forms and contexts in kindergarten, where preschool children often encounter situations in which they work on noticing or predicting certain regularities, whether they are everyday life situations like arranging in a column (boy-girč-boy-girl) or drawing zebra patterns (black-white-black-white), etc. New research on early mathematics education increases this content's (positive) influence during the development of numerous mathematical competencies, not only those related to algebraic abilities, measurement and spatial reasoning. The aim of this work is to present the development of competences related to the concept of pattern in children of preschool age. In the first part of the paper, the theoretical foundations of mathematical patterns, their categorization and types, their importance at preschool age, as well as specific activities and operations that can be encountered while working with preschool children are presented. The paper also shows the peculiarities of a special category of patterns-patterns of repetition, which are the focus of this paper. Furthermore, the paper presents some of the previous research aimed at children's activities when identifying the structure of the pattern or units of initiation.
Public information and informing the public: Capacities of local self-government in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Milenković Dejan
Published: March 2024

One of the constitutional and legal responsibilities of the local selfgovernment (LSGs), i.e. municipalities and cities in the Republic of Serbia, is "taking care of public information". Content-wise, this jurisdiction implies ensuring the right to public information through the media (local or others, including the rules on state aid and project financing, rules on public procurement, etc.). However, there is another significant side related to the functioning of local self-government, which involves "informing the public". It is about the obligation of local self-government to "provide" information to citizens at the local level, within the framework of work transparency and citizens' right to information, as well as the right established by the Constitution and laws. In this way, the public is informed about the work and procedures, as well as the implementation of certain public policies in the local self-government (e.g. through announcements about the work of LSG bodies, providing non-commercial audiovisual media services, issuing newsletters about the undertaken "actions" etc.). This paper is focused on the research, based on a sample of 25 municipalities and cities in the Republic of Serbia, in which way LSGs in the Republic of Serbia provide information to citizens at the local level, apart from through the (local) media. The research should present whether LSGs in the Republic of Serbia: (1) have the organizational, personnel, and other capacities to take care of informing the public and (2) the ways and forms through which LSGs independently of registered (local) media provide information to the general public at the local level.
Doctors awarded in 1915
Authors: Čukić Goran
Published: March 2024

Since 1925, there has been a recognition that the Chief of the Serbian Military Sanitary Service, Colonel Dr. Genčić, was criticized for untimely and inadequate measures against epidemics and extensive suffering. The main reason for the failure remained unknown. There was no appropriate tactic, and thus timely suppression did not commence. The tactical means and procedures were yet to be promoted. Dr. Subotić found a solution in "scientifically unknown to medicine." Evaluating the events of ten years prior, during the war, as presented by Dr. Genčić, aligns with the war decorations awarded to foreign and domestic doctors in June 1915. These dedicated Serbian doctors, seasoned fighters against typhus and relapsing fever, served as a support to Dr. Genčić, as they later became leaders in the sanitary work of Serbia and the Kingdom of SHS.
Impacto social de las dificultades encontradas en la adopción del BIM en empresas constructoras en Perú
Authors: Aguilar Zavaleta Jorge Pablo
Published: March 2024

El modelo de información de construcción (BIM por sus siglas en inglés) ha demostrado ser una herramienta valiosa en la industria de la construcción, sin embargo, la metodología de Modelado de Información de Construcción (BIM, por sus siglas en inglés) ha ganado popularidad en todo el mundo debido a los beneficios que ofrece en términos de eficiencia, calidad y mejora en el ciclo de vida de un proyecto de construcción. Sin embargo, su adopción no ha sido tan rápida ni fácil para todas las empresas constructoras, especialmente en países en vías de desarrollo como Perú. En este artículo, se explorarán las dificultades específicas que enfrentan las empresas constructoras peruanas al intentar implementar BIM en sus proyectos con lo cual se genera un impacto social. El sistema BIM en el Perú es novedad, por lo cual las empresas constructoras y sus técnicos aún se encuentran en su mayoría más del 65% desconociendo el concepto e implementación del BIM, este artículo pretende conocer las dificultades reales para proporcionar alternativas con miras a la obligatoriedad en el 2030.
El hostigamiento sexual en el entorno laboral y el daño causado a los derechos de los trabajadores
Authors: Caro Lissette Conde , Zubiat Aguilar Michael Jefferson , Ludeña Gonzalez Gerardo Francisco , Cueva Quezada Nilton Isaias
Published: March 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el hostigamiento sexual en el entorno laboral y el daño causado a los derechos de los trabajadores, el cual es considerado un tipo violencia de género que viene en aumento. Se utilizó el método cualitativo e interpretativo, basado en la indagación, estudio de producción científica, eligiendo términos de “Hostigamiento sexual, Acoso sexual, Derechos fundamentales”, dejándose de lado documentos que no estén en español, y difundidos años atrás y disponible en la data de Scopus, Scielo y Redalyc de manera gratis y en español. Del análisis y discusión de cada uno de los artículos se demostró que el hostigamiento sexual en el entorno laboral y el daño causado a los derechos de los trabajadores, es un problema social a nivel mundial ya que estas expresiones de violencia son percibidas por mujeres, en los centros de labores, estudios, debiendo ser atendido por nuestras autoridades, implementándose políticas públicas que identifiquen, sancionen y eliminen todo tipo de violencia y desigualdades que dañan y vulneran derechos. Se demostró que el hostigamiento sexual en el entorno laboral y el daño causado a los derechos de los trabajadores preocupa a la sociedad ya que vulnera derechos de las personas y afecta a la víctima en el desarrollo laboral, buscando su erradicación y sanción acorde al daño causado.
Percepciones sobre el compromiso laboral que tienen los docentes de zonas rurales
Authors: Atme Mamani Joana
Published: March 2024

En la contemporaneidad, la relevancia del compromiso de los docentes en las instituciones educativas ubicadas en áreas rurales es un aspecto crucial. Por consiguiente, el propósito de esta investigación radica en comprender la percepción sobre el compromiso laboral de los profesores que desempeñan sus funciones en instituciones educativas rurales en la comunidad de Chumbes durante el año 2023. La metodología adoptada se enmarca en un enfoque de investigación cualitativo, específicamente utilizando el diseño fenomenológico como referencia metodológica. La muestra incluyó a ocho informantes, quienes son docentes activos en instituciones educativas dentro de la jurisdicción del área de estudio. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante entrevistas que contenían 16 ítems. El instrumento, una guía de entrevista semiestructurada, fue elaborado y validado a través de un proceso de juicio de expertos. Las conclusiones subrayan la importancia que los docentes asignan a su compromiso laboral con la institución educativa, la enseñanza, los estudiantes y su profesión. Se resalta el esfuerzo por contribuir al progreso educativo de la comunidad, la dedicación a la calidad de la enseñanza, el bienestar y el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, así como el compromiso continuo con el desarrollo profesional y el impacto positivo de su labor en la comunidad educativa de Chumbes.
La gestión del talento humano y su relevancia en el desempeño laboral del docente en educación superior
Authors: Aucca Marin Jaime , Choquehuanca Judith Atajo , Visa Quispe Sofía , Quispe Quispe Flor
Published: March 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo explorar porque es importante la gestión del talento humano en la educación superior y su impacto en el desempeño docente. Metodológicamente se basa en la revisión de la literatura existente e investigaciones, desafíos y estrategias para una gestión eficaz del talento, conllevando así a realizar un análisis sobre el tema en el trabajo cotidiano. Concluyendo el artículo, que, para la apropiada implementación de la gestión del talento humano, es crucial disponer de los recursos adecuados, tanto económicos como tecnológicos, llevar a cabo políticas y prácticas efectivas del recurso humano, debido a que se vuelve cada vez más significativo a medida que cambia, por lo que se requiere seguir invirtiendo en el fortalecimiento de capacidades, retención de profesores altamente cualificados y motivados y el desarrollo profesional del docente, así como la adquisición de tecnologías para un mejor manejo del recurso humano.
UNA CRÍTICA AL ‘POPULISMO DE IZQUIERDAS’ DESDE LA FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA DE ROSA LUXEMBURG
Authors: Rodríguez Prieto Rafael
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo analiza el postmarxismo o populismo que colectivos autodenominados de izquierda han incorporado al debate político español procedente de Iberoamerica, desde la perspectiva del pensamiento de Rosa Luxemburg. En este artículo se plantea la hipótesis de que podría establecerse un paralelismo entre el reformismo, con el que Luxemburg calificó a la socialdemocracia alemana, y el discurso de actores políticos que asumen los postulados populistas. Se entiende que el populismo oculta la cuestión de clase en beneficio de ‘guerras culturales’. Este artículo responde a esta pregunta afirmativamente y se estima que el populismo o postmarxismo es una herramienta que desatiende la cuestión de clase y hace inviable el cambio social.
JACQUES DERRIDA: ARCHIVO Y DES-ARCHIVACIÓN. UNA "INTENCIÓN" POLÍTICA
Authors: Agüero Águila Javier
Published: March 2024

Resumen. Este artículo profundiza en la categoría filosófica de “archivo”[1], proponiéndola como un vector relevante en el análisis filosófico y político contemporáneo. Esto, fundamentalmente, a partir del trabajo de Jacques Derrida y al tratamiento que adquiere esta cuestión en el psicoanálisis, asumiendo que es desde las lecturas de Freud que Derrida le atribuye al archivo injerencia en el ámbito filosófico y político.[1] Ponemos comillas por única vez para establecer una diferencia respecto del significado que viene del uso del vocablo archivo en el lenguaje ordinario. En adelante se asume un significado técnico que se explicará en el cuerpo del artículo.
SCHELLING, DELEUZE Y LAS REACCIONES ANTICARTESIANA Y ANTIHEGELIANA
Authors: Arbaizar Gil Benito
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo se centra en destacar el modo en que Schelling aparece en la obra de Deleuze como un eslabón que permite vincular la reacción anticartesiana de Spinoza y Leibniz (reivindicadora de la dimensión apetitiva de la naturaleza) con la propia actitud antihegeliana de Deleuze.  El giro voluntarista que Schelling imprime a la filosofía es igualmente prolongado por Deleuze y Guattari cuando establecen la esquizofrenia como inconsciente ontológico libidinar por el que circulan libremente las intensidades deseantes. Del mismo modo, el empirismo trascendental de Deleuze toma impulso en la concepción schellingniana del ser como In-diferencia entre lo subjetivo y lo objetivo, anterior a todo fundamento o dualidad.
LA MUERTE TAMBIÉN ES SUEÑO. LEYENDO EL YOGAVĀSIṢṬHA CON SEGISMUNDO
Authors: Ferrández Formoso Raquel
Published: March 2024

El Mokṣopāya (s. X d.n.e), mejor conocido como Yogavāsiṣṭha, nos adentra en el universo del idealismo subjetivo a través de historias extraordinarias, narradas por Vasiṣṭha, en las que la imaginación es la protagonista. La filosofía que subyace a este voluminoso poema muestra que todo lo que hay es la conciencia (cit-mātra) formada por el vacío supremo. La mente individual solo es un destello del poder de esta conciencia (cit-śakti), un teatro donde se proyecta el mundo externo, con todos sus objetos perceptibles. Leyendo este texto a la luz de una de las obras más célebres del teatro español del Siglo de Oro, La vida es sueño de Calderón de la Barca, este ensayo tiende puentes entre la angustia existencial de Segismundo, que ignora si está dormido o despierto, y el pensamiento sereno de Vasiṣṭha cuando explica que la vigilia y el sueño son ambos igual de vacíos e ilusorios.
HUGO BALL Y LA RECEPCIÓN DE NIETZSCHE EN LAS VANGUARDIAS ARTÍSTICAS
Authors: SANCHEZ MECA DIEGO
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo trata de presentar la edición que el Prof. Manuel Barrios Casares ha llevado a cabo del texto de Hugo Ball sobre Nietzsche, redactado en un principio en el marco de un proyecto de tesis doctoral entre 1909 y 1910. A la traducción y anotación del texto antecede un extenso prólogo sumamente interesante para su comprensión y contextualización. Hugo Ball, promotor del dadaísmo y amigo de Kandinsky, plasma en el texto el clima intelectual de la recepción del pensamiento de Nietzsche entre las vanguardias artísticas europeas de principios del siglo XX.
La eudaimonía aristotélica como fin de las acciones
Authors: Alfaro Juan Gabriel
Published: March 2024

Se estudia que tipo de fin (τέλος) es la felicidad (εὐδαιμονία) para Aristóteles, pues en las obras Éticas unas veces se identifica con varios fines y otras con uno solo, es el antiguo debate entre los defensores del fin inclusivo y del fin dominante. Para Aristóteles el fin responde a la naturaleza o la función para la cual está hecha cada cosa, si la función del hombre es una vida según la razón, el fin de la felicidad deberá ser la contemplación. Por este motivo, solamente el hombre y los seres superiores pueden ser llamados felices, porque son los únicos que gozan de esta facultad.
Incorporación de la perspectiva Feminista en la Teoría de Constructos Personales: una Asignatura Pendiente
Authors: Compañ Felipe Victoria
Published: March 2024

Las sociedades formalmente igualitarias recogen en su marco jurídico la plena igualdad en derechos y deberes para mujeres y hombres. Sin embargo, a pesar de los avances logrados, la desigualdad sigue siendo una realidad incluso en estas sociedades. La tradición feminista cuenta con una larga historia y, especialmente desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, ha desarrollado una sólida teoría que ayuda, entre otras muchas cosas, a comprender el impacto de la desigualdad en la subjetividad de mujeres y hombres. El concepto de género, entendido como la construcción social atribuida a cada uno de los sexos, resulta profundamente útil para comprender la perpetuación de la desigualdad en las sociedades formalmente igualitarias y para conocer el impacto que tiene lo social en lo personal. A pesar de su utilidad, estos conocimientos se han mantenido al margen en la mayoría de los desarrollos teórico-prácticos en psicoterapia. Dadas sus características, la Teoría de Constructos Personales (TCP) de George Kelly, resulta especialmente útil para incorporar los conceptos de la tradición feminista a la teoría y práctica psicoterapéutica. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo articular teóricamente la integración de algunos de los conceptos fundamentales de la tradición feminista con la TCP.
Personalización en Psicoterapia: Estado Actual y Desafíos para su Implementación en Latinoamérica
Authors: Tamara Manubens Rocío , Buongiorno Emma , Gómez Penedo Juan Martín
Published: March 2024

La pregunta acerca de qué tratamiento psicoterapéutico es el más efectivo para cada paciente no es novedosa en la investigación en psicoterapia. Sin embargo, en la última década, el interés de responder esta pregunta ha virado hacia la denominada personalización de tratamientos o precisión en salud mental. Estos abordajes tienen por objetivo identificar las estrategias más adecuadas para cada paciente a partir de algunas de sus características trans-diagnósticas. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir la situación actual de la investigación sobre personalización de tratamientos psicoterapéuticos en la región latinoamericana. Se presentarán las principales líneas de investigación que suelen vincularse a sistemas de monitoreo y feedback. Además, se mencionarán proyectos innovadores y prometedores en la región que buscan desarrollar algoritmos de machine learning para predecir respuestas a los tratamientos. Estas líneas de investigación han podido realizarse a pesar de los obstáculos estructurales que suelen marcar la investigación en Latinoamérica: principalmente la falta de financiamiento, lo que repercute en la posibilidad de implementar los desarrollos realizados en la región. Sin embargo, los avances sobre esta temática se han visto facilitados por financiamiento de organizaciones internacionales que buscan incentivar el desarrollo científico. Por último, se presentarán propuestas para desarrollar la temática en la región, teniendo en cuenta los obstáculos y facilitadores mencionados, y con un foco particular en el potencial de implementación de estos modelos en la práctica clínica.
The Ghost of Moria
Authors: Engler Anne-Marlen
Published: March 2024

How the Mytilene criminal court deals with the case against the Moria 4 in the court of second instance.
Brazilian Judges Regulate Elections … and AI
Authors: Conceição Lucas
Published: March 2024

Brazil has new regulations on AI and election interference. Also, in Brazil, the judiciary oversees elections. As municipal elections are coming up, we face a quite unique situation of technological challenges, untested laws, and unusual institutional arrangements. Although innovative, these regulations are constrained in their effectiveness and indifference to broader regulatory debates concerning the regulation of AI, showcasing an uncomfortable relationship between judicial and legislative powers regarding digital policy in Brazil. Disregarding the complexity of AI, the regulations legitimise the expansion of the judicial branch's power to deal with digital threats to democracy while not fully engaging with how these threats materialise through the development and use of AI.
Memo an die Montagehalle
Authors: Pschorr Simon
Published: March 2024

Fast ein Jahr ist es her, dass das Eckpunktepapier zur Reform des Wissenschaftszeitvertragsgesetzes (WissZeitVG) veröffentlicht und zu Recht scharf kritisiert wurde. Nun bestätigte ein Sprecher des BMBF, man beabsichtige, den Referentenentwurf einer Reform des WissZeitVG vom 6.6.2023 zeitnah im Kabinett zu beschließen und das parlamentarische Verfahren zu initiieren. Politiker*innen der Ampel sind zu Recht unzufrieden. Der Referentenentwurf ist nicht geeignet, das Wissenschaftsbefristungsrecht auf verfassungs- und europarechtlich tragfähige Beine zu stellen und lässt dabei die Gelegenheit aus, die Tarifparteien für eine zukunftsfähige Wissenschaftslandschaft in die Pflicht zu nehmen.
Forum für Sozialreformen. 125 Jahre Deutscher Verein für öffentliche und private Fürsorge
Authors:   Deutscher Verein für öffentliche und private Fürsorge e.V.
Published: March 2024

Im Jahre 2005 begeht der Deutsche Verein für öffentliche und private Fürsorge sein 125-jähriges Bestehen. Im Jahre 1880 als „Deutscher Verein für Armenpflege und Wohlthätigkeit“ gegründet, hat sich der Deutsche Verein in den vielen Jahren seiner wechselvollen Geschichte zu einem sozialpolitischen Fachverband entwickelt, der wesentliche Impulse für die Entwicklung der sozialen Arbeit in Deutschland geben konnte.
Zdravljenje prvih bolnikov z gensko nadomestno terapijo v Sloveniji; otroka s spinalno mišično atrofijo, ki sta se zdravila z zdravilom onasemnogene abeparvovek
Authors: Vrščaj Eva , Golli Tanja , Loboda Tanja , Piskar Alenka , Homan Matjaž , Osredkar Damjan
Published: March 2024

Spinalna mišična atrofija (SMA) je redka genetska bolezen, ki prizadene motorične nevrone, zaradi česar propadajo mišice ter se slabša splošno stanje bolnika. Do nedavnega vzročnega zdravljenja za SMA ni bilo, zato so bili bolniki popolnoma odvisni od podpornega zdravljenja in zgolj od vzdrževanja življenjskih funkcij. Danes so na voljo 3 zdravila: nusinersen, risdiplam in onasemnogen abeparvovek. Ker genska nadomestna terapija z zdravilom onasemnogen abeparvovek (Zolgensma®) pomeni nov mejnik v zdravljenju SMA, jo bo članek bolj podrobno predstavil, prav tako pa tudi prva dva bolnika s SMA, ki sta se z gensko nadomestno terapijo zdravila v Sloveniji. To gre hkrati tudi za prva dva primera uporabe genske nadomestne terapije za zdravljenje katere koli bolezni pri nas. S tem tudi dokazujemo, da je možno v Sloveniji bolnike varno in uspešno zdraviti z naprednimi terapijami, kar tudi zahteva ustrezno izobražen multidisciplinarni tim, ki zna prepoznati in zdraviti vse morebitne zaplete zdravljenja.
Measurement needs for biofabrication of tissue engineered medical products workshop report
Authors: Simon Jr Carl G , Romantseva Eugenia
Published: March 2024

Biofabricated tissue-engineered constructs have the potential to transform personalized medicine. However, characterizing these constructs post-fabrication and throughout preclinical use remains challenging. On December 1, 2022, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) held a one-day, virtual workshop on measurement needs for biofabricated constructs that contain cells. The workshop focused on metrology for the structure of the constructs, cell viability in the constructs, and functional capacity of the constructs, with the aim of enabling future research directions, standards development, and the adoption of these constructs for clinical use.
Impact of Perceived Academic Stress Upon Academic Performance of Physiotherapy Students - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia., Miraj Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Stress is prevalent among Healthcare students worldwide. Studies have shown that these students are more likely to suffer from mental health issues and have lower levels of life satisfaction. This research aimed to examine physical therapy students' experiences with academic stress and how it relates to and affects their academic performances. Methods: The study was done among the physical therapy students of AIHMS New Delhi. Using Yamane's formula, the sample size of 260 participants was calculated. The study sample was 272, and participants were asked to fill out a Perceived Mean Stress Score (PMSS) questionnaire using convenient sampling. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25. The mean and standard deviation for each response were calculated as a part of descriptive statistics, whereas the Student t-test and ANOVA were applied for inferential statistics to assess the impact of academic stress on their performance. Results: 272 students participated in the study, of which 173 and 99 respondents were females and males, respectively. The respondents were tested for differences in Perceived Mean Stress Score for 13 dimensions. Mean stress scores were significantly higher in students with lower GPA scores and less in students with high GPA scores. Personal finances and Accommodation were found to impact stress ratings significantly (P=0.036*,0.018*). The stress scores were significantly higher in the final years compared to the initial years in Physiotherapy school(P<0.05*). Conclusions: High mean scores for stress and anxiety necessitate early identification, especially in the initial years of Physiotherapy school, and integration of preventive mental health services in routine clinical services for Physiotherapy students.
Different views of the pathway's impact on Chemoresistance and Relapse Advanced Breast Cancer and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of breast cancer and reconstructive surgery, State Non-commercial Enterprise ", Volodimirovich Movchan Oleksii ,   National Cancer Institute",   of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Published: March 2024

Advanced breast cancer (ABC) with type 2 diabetes mellitus could be an uncommon, however profoundly forceful frame of breast cancer, which accounts for less than 5% of all locally progressed introductions. The clinical introduction of advanced breast cancer regularly contrasts altogether from that of non-advanced breast cancer; immunohistochemistry uncovers a few recognizing highlights. The more forceful triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer subtypes are overrepresented in advanced breast cancer compared to non-advanced breast cancer, with a poorer guess in reaction to routine treatments and plasma glucose level control with hyperglucosemia modification. Current understanding of breast tumor chemoresistance - breast cancers localized at essential breast areas and treated early can still relapse because of the presence of cancer cells and the change of cancer cells into a moderately forceful phenotype. This audit summarizes the current proof recommending that inflammatory signaling pathways are up-regulated, which may give a road for novel therapeutics against the background of diabetes. The part of the tumor microenvironment, through tumor-associated macrophages and infiltrating lymphocytes, is additionally examined, recommending that these tumors' outward variables may offer assistance in accounting for the contrasts in behavior between advanced breast cancer with high plasma glucose levels and non-advanced breast cancer. There are different novel treatment techniques currently underway in clinical trials; they require encouraging the improvement of preclinical models of this uncommon but forceful disease is vital.
Expressions of CD80 and CD86 in Cancer Patients and Its Prognostic Significance
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq., Ismael Athraa , Jabbar Shilan ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Published: March 2024

Background: Strategies for modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) have opened up new treatment paths in various malignancies, with dramatic but variable intertemporal success. Consequently, studying TME's molecular players may aid in understanding how tumor cells and TME interact. Tumor cells and infiltrative tumor lymphocytes express immune checkpoint proteins, including Cluster of Differentiation 80 (CD80) and CD86 on their surface. CD80 and CD86 are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). The costimulatory protein CD28, which is present on the outermost portion of all T cells, and the inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, also known as CD152) are ligands for CD86 and CD80. CD28 and CTLA-4 have essential yet opposing functions in T cell activation. T-cell responses are stimulated when they bind to CD28 but suppressed when they connect to CTLA-4. Aim of the study: The goal was to determine how much the CD80 and CD86 genes were expressed genetically in five blood malignancies and ten solid tumors. Methods: Clinical specimens were collected from patients with different cancers attending Kirkuk Oncology Centre. Patients were categorized into two main groups: the solid tumor group and Blood derived cancer group alongside their control counterparts. The study investigated the genetic expression of the CD80 and CD86 genes using q RT-PCR technologies. Results: Using q RT- PCR, we measured the expression of a gene CD80 /CD86. The results showed different levels of elevation in patient samples of solid and hematological tumors, which were compared with the control group for this study. First, evaluation of this marker CD80/CD86 in solid tumors showed a significant increase in patients with brain cancer compared to their counterparts in the control group. Secondly, the second solid tumor appears to have increased gene expression as ovarian cancer. The least expressed solid tumors are breast cancer. As for cancers that occur in the Blood, lymphoma has an upregulation expression. The lowest expression is CD80/CD86, which was in ALL. Conclusion: There is evidence that several cancer types and immune cells have expressed CD80 and CD86. This investigation demonstrated that the cell surface markers CD80/CD86 have a role in the progression of brain carcinomas.
The Effect of Organisational Commitment in Mediating the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Corporate Competitive Advantage (Study on State-Owned Companies in Indonesia)
Authors: Permana Fery , Kustyadji Gatot
Published: March 2024

This study aims to test and analyze the relationship pattern of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, and corporate competitive advantage. The study was conducted in three Indonesian state-owned enterprises. Data will be collected by distributing a questionnaire to 156 managers. The number of questionnaires that can be used is 120. Data analysis is performed using a HE SEM equipped with AMOS as the data processing application. The results of this study show that: (1) Transformational leadership has a significant positive impact on organizational commitment. (2) Transformational leadership has a significant positive impact on a company's competitive advantage. (3) Organizational efforts have a significant positive impact on a company's competitiveness. (4) Organizational commitment mediates the impact of transformational leadership on a firm's competitive advantage.
LA SEGURIDAD COMPUTACIONAL EN LA FRONTERA NORTE MEXICANA, CASO DE ESTUDIO: CD. JUAREZ, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO
Authors: Nafarrate Bustillos Jorge , Hurtado Solís Martha Magdalena , Ruiz Isis , Reyes Uribe Viridiana , Mireles Centeno Miguel Gerardo
Published: March 2024

Existen diversas compañías que se encargan de crear soluciones para las tiendas de ultramarinos que se encuentran en la ciudad, la mayoría de estos ultramarinos gestionan información valiosa o realizan algún tipo de transacción como el pago de servicios o compras de tiempo aire mediante puntos de venta. Una de las compañías que acaba de llegar a la ciudad es NAUTILUS, la cual una empresa que mediante los puntos de venta recolecta información estadística de las ventas que ultramarinos, dicha información es comprada por diferentes compañías, además de que es útil para la misma empresa ya que pertenece a una cadena de productos en el mundo y esta maneja diferentes marcas de productos propios. La información estadística sirve para saber cómo se encuentra el mercado, cuáles son las áreas de oportunidad y tener monitoreada a la competencia para así poder de alguna manera crear ofertas o promociones que ayuden a tener mayor control sobre la NAUTILUS no es la única compañía de puntos de venta que se dedica a este tipo comercio, pero es una de las empresas que acaban de llegar a Cd. Juárez aproximadamente en mayo y aunque su matriz se encuentra en Guadalajara, Jalisco, México actualmente tiene presencia en la mayoría de los estados mexicanos.
General secondary education in Spain: administrative law aspects
Authors: Lamza Dmytro
Published: March 2024

The article analyses the system of general secondary education in Spain from the perspective of administrative law. The author aims to study the main goals and objectives of general secondary education in Spain, its principles, structure, educational relations and the State’s obligations in the field of education. The research is based on the analysis of the fundamental legal act in the field of education in Spain, the Organic Law of Education.

The author notes that in the system of compulsory secondary education in Spain, particular attention is paid to the educational and professional orientation of students, taking into account the gender-sensitive approach and special educational needs of students with disabilities. In addition, school education is aimed at teaching students the basic elements of culture, instilling tolerance, healthy lifestyle skills, and respect for the environment.

For the purpose of comparative analysis of the practical achievements of the Spanish secondary education system, the author draws attention to the results of the OESD’s Programme for International Student Assessment PISA, other data from the OECD, UNDP and independent rankings.

It is noted that public administration in the field of general secondary education is in close communication and interaction of public authorities, is characterised by decentralisation of powers, transparency, accountability, autonomy of educational institutions and flexibility in the organisation of the educational process. The author looks into the distribution of powers in the field of education between the bodies of the General State Administration, such as the Government of Spain and the Ministry of Education, Vocational Training and Sports of Spain, and the administrations of the Autonomous Communities. Education authorities at different levels coordinate their actions, each within its own competence, in order to use resources efficiently and achieve the goals set by law.

On the basis of the research, the author concludes that public administration in the field of education in Spain is aimed at meeting to the fullest extent the needs of the population in providing general secondary education, and the Spanish education system itself is focused on the formation of educated, tolerant and culturally enriched individuals. The state is most interested in taking into account the needs of students to unveil their potential to the full extent.
The role of the UN in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons
Authors: Les Iryna
Published: March 2024

According to the UN Charter (Article 26), the UN Security Council is the primary organ responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security. Nuclear states agreed to the adoption of a UN Security Council Resolution that provided positive security assurances. The adoption of UN Security Council Resolution №255 on June 19, 1968, was of particular significance. This resolution stipulated that instances of aggression involving the use of nuclear weapons or the threat of such aggression against a non-nuclear-weapon state would require immediate action by the UN Security Council and its permanent members, who are nuclear-armed states.

The aim of the work is to determine the role of the UN Security Council in the system of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The methodological basis of the study will focus on the analysis and understanding of the impact of the UN Security Council on strategies and measures aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons in the international context.

The results of our research have shown that the role of the UN Security Council in the disarmament of Iraq’s nuclear program, which could have led to the development of nuclear weapons, proved to be significant. To achieve this, in accordance with UN Security Council Resolution №687 adopted on April 3, 1991, the Special Commission (UNSCOM) was established.

During an extraordinary meeting of the UN Security Council at the highest level on September 24, 2009, Resolution UN Security Council Resolution № 1887 was adopted, aimed at supporting nuclear non-proliferation, criticizing Iran and North Korea. Resolution №1887 outlines measures to strengthen control and the rights of nuclear-weapon states to demand the return of nuclear materials and equipment in case of violations of the Non-Proliferation Treaty or withdrawal from it. It also involves enhancing security measures for the storage of nuclear materials and strict export controls.

Conclusions. In our opinion, the powers of the UN Security Council in the field of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction should be utilized more promptly and effectively. The insufficient effectiveness of this international mechanism in preventing proliferation remains a cause for serious concern among UN members worldwide. To enhance the effectiveness of the UN Security Council, we propose the adoption of a comprehensive resolution that includes provisions on the procedure for a state’s withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and its violation of commitments to refrain from acquiring nuclear weapons. This resolution should stipulate the imposition of sanctions against such a state based on a special report from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Such a mechanism can ensure an effective impact of the international community on states that withdraw from the NPT.
Organizational and legal aspects of combating crimes against the environment in the conditions of war in Ukraine
Authors: Marko Sergii
Published: March 2024

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of organizational and legal aspects of combating crimes against the environment in the conditions of war in Ukraine at the national and international legal levels. Arguments are presented regarding the relevance in the global, international dimension: criminalization of environmental damage at the level of the European Union and its member states; detailing the shortcomings of international legislation and revising the relevant directive on environmental crimes; creation of functioning of the International Registry of Losses. It was emphasized that the introduction of appropriate changes to international legislation will allow creating a comprehensive system of measures to combat environmental crime, ensure the unification of national legislative systems in terms of terminology, composition of crimes, as well as sanctions applied for their commission in armed conflicts. It was concluded that at the national level, it is necessary to take comprehensive measures to combat ecocide, develop a unified state policy in this area, establish an effective system for monitoring the state of the environment and fix the amount of damages, in particular, for the systematic presentation of legal claims for the payment of reparations. The national post-war recovery plan should include measures to restore and preserve ecosystems, in particular based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts in the field of environmental protection. It is justified that the ecological direction should include the development and implementation of a holistic, comprehensive plan for the ecological recovery of Ukraine from the consequences of the war. It is noted that the relevant mechanisms should be universal in nature and effectively prevent crimes against the environment in the world, be reflected in relevant resolutions of the UN General Assembly and other documents of the international law system.
Prevention of corruption risks when performing customs procedures: types and concepts
Authors: Pai Inna
Published: March 2024

The aim of the work is involves clarifying the theoretical and practical problems of preventing corruption risks in the implementation of customs procedures, the peculiarities of its definition of the essence and concept, and the selection of separate criteria for their classification within the limits of its customs and legal provision. The methodological basis of the study used a set of scientific research methods such as dialectical, formal-legal, systemic, hermeneutic, comparative-legal, empirical, etc. The content of individual categories “corruption”, “corruption risk”, “procedure”, “legal procedure”, “customs procedure”, “customs formalities” was clarified, the constituent elements of customs procedures were revealed. A proper definition of “corruption risk in the field of customs procedures” is proposed. It has been established that the customs procedure is a set of requirements that are determined by the implementation of customs control and customs clearance of goods and the peculiarity of paying taxes and customs payments, and the conditions of their implementation depend on a certain customs regime (that is, on the purpose, form and conditions of the movement of goods). It was determined that the institution of prevention of corruption risks in relation to violations of the established procedure for the implementation of customs procedures has its own specificity of legal support and is a separate subject of research in the science of customs law. It was found that the prevention of corruption risks in the implementation of customs procedures is a component of the prevention of corruption risks in the public administration of state customs affairs and is a separate part of the prevention of corruption in this area.   It was concluded that the corruption risk in the field of customs procedures is legal, organizational and other factors and reasons that generate, encourage (stimulate) corruption in the implementation of customs control procedures, customs clearance procedures, as well as tax and customs payment procedures and their order implementation. According to the prevalence, it is proposed to highlight the following corruption risks in the implementation of customs procedures in the activities of customs officials, namely: dishonesty of customs officials, the occurrence of a conflict of interests among customs officials, lack of control by the management of customs authorities, the presence of discretionary powers of customs officials etc.