bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTUDIO EPIZOOTIOLÓGICO DE PENAEUS VANNAMEI EN TRES FINCAS CAMARONERAS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Vallejo Isaza Adriana , Newmark U. Federico
Published: October 2017

An epizootiological study of the mayor deseases affecting the penaeid shrimp Penaeus vannamei was performed from june 1994 throuh august, 1995 in tree farms located on the colombian Carebbean coast. The presence and prevalence of infectious agents such as bacteria, protozoa, viral inclusions bodies and changes histopatologicals was determinated by means of gross examination and histological analysis.. The relationship between these infection agents and specific disease was also studies. The presence of some viruses such a Baculovirus penaei, IHHNV, TSV and LOVV, were determinated by demostration of the cytopathical effects characteristic of these agent. Additionaly, a logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between some clinical signs and the presence of the infectious agent; the risk factor of having the disease, was also determinated; thus, shrimp with tumors and deformities presented a risk almost two times higher having IHHNV disease, as determined by the presence of inclusion bodies Cowdry A (CAI’s) than those whitout deformities; in an analogous way, the risk factor of presenting alterations in the lymphoid organ (L.O) was higher in organisms that have exposed to the TSV desease, than in those were not. Bacterial infections an infestations by protozoa were also analyzed. Some differences concerning the presence and prevalence of some of the diseases according to the geographical location of the farms and the different climatic conditions in such the cultivation started, wer observed. Some physical-chemical variables such as salinity, where related to the presence and prevalence of some clinical signs.
A COMMUNITY ANALYSIS OF THE SOFT BOTTOM MEGAFAUNA (CRUSTACEA, MOLLUSCA) FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN REGION OF SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Arango Claudia P. , Solano Oscar D.
Published: October 2017

Soft bottom megabenthic communities have been poorly studied in the Caribbean Sea. In this study we describe the structure and species composition of a Crustacea-Mollusca megafaunal community based on beam trawl samples taken between 13 and 60 m depth at the southwestern region of Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean. Classification and ordination analyses using abundance data of crustaceans and molluscs produced two main groups (A and C), which seem to be controlled by depth and sediment characteristics. Group A consisted of species collected at the deeper stations and high content of silts (between 30 and 60 m depth) and exhibited the highest density and biomass mean values. The decapod Chasmocarcinus cilindricus was found as the characteristic species for the group A. The bivalve Laevicardium pictum occurred as characteristic in the shallower cluster C (14 to 17 m) where the sediment was coarser. Trachypenaeus similis, Portunus spinicarpus, Lupella forceps and Penaeus duorarum were generalist species for both groups and were found as the most abundant species overall. There was not a clear evidence of temporal variation of the groups, however an increase in the abundance of dominant species at the shallower area during March may be related to the upwelling phenomenon known for the Santa Marta area.
OBSERVACIONES SOBRE LA DIETA DE BALISTES VETULA (PISCES: BALISTIDAE) EN EL GOLFO DE SALAMANCA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Von Schiller Dominique , García Camilo B.
Published: October 2017

Observaciones sobre la dieta de Balistes vetula (Pisces: Balistidae) en el Golfo de Salamanca, Caribe colombiano. Se describe el contenido de lo tractos digestivos de ejemplares de Balistes vetula capturados durante faenas de pesca científica. Los crustáceos representan la presa preferencial de esta especie en el Golfo de Salamanca y dentro de estos destaca el orden Brachyura. Estos resultados se contrastan con la dieta de la especie en otras latitudes.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE OPECARCINUS HYPOSTEGUS (SHAW Y HOPKINS) Y TROGLOCARCINUS CORALLICOLA VERRILL (CRUSTACEA: BRACHYURA: CRYPTOCHIRIDAE) PARA LA COSTA CARIBE COLOMBIANA.
Authors: Werding Bernd , Manjarrés Gustavo
Published: October 2017

Two species of the crab family Cryptochyridae, Opecarcinus hypostegus (Shaw and Hopkins) and Troglocarcinus corallicola Verrill, are reported for the first time on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, thus extending the known distribution of the two species. For both species a short diagnosis and remarks on their distribution, depth range and association with corals are included.
EFECTO DE LAS CONDICIONES DE TRANSPORTE, RECEPCIÓN, ACLIMATACIÓN Y SIEMBRA DE NAUPLIOS DE LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE, 1931) SOBRE LA SOBREVI
Authors: Suárez Jorge A. , García Alberto , Newmark Federico , Bador Regis
Published: October 2017

In order to idontify initial factors that can affect shrimp postlarvae survival dunng larval rearing, three larval rearing facilities from the Caribboan coast of Colombo were sampled for 71 nauplii batches during 10 months ol 1996. For each batch. qualitative variables (origin, transportation mode, presence of bacteria in transport wator) and quantitative variables (transportation timo and donsity, phystcochemical parameters of the water, proportion of each nauplii stage and of deformed nauplii) were monitored. Wator quality and density (naupJii/1) variables wore monitored dunng tho vtfiole process of nauplii packing, transport, reception, accllrnaiizatlon and stacking To evaluate the relationship between qualitative variables and larva! rearing survival, a multiple tactor variance analysis was run, while, for quantitative variables, a stúpwise multiple ragressron model was ifevefoped VanaWes with slgnilleaüvo (PoO.OS) influence on larval roaring survival were the Iran spallation modo (with srnsil private aircraft, avarage survival was 45%. compared to 35% wittl a pressurized commercial aircraft), tha pfcscnce of bacteria (growing an T.C.B.S. motila) in nauplii transport water {survival witfKMJt these bacteria in water was 59% compared with 40°,n when these bacteria were observed! and the percentage of deformed nauplii, Furthermore, the specific presence of bacleria like Vibrio motschrtikovii, Flavobactgnum spp. afid Aicaltgores spp in nauplii transport water was a worsing fectgr,
CRUSTÁCEOS ESTOMATÓPODOS COLECTADOS POR LOS CRUCEROS INVEMAR- MACROFAUNA, INCLUYENDO DOS NUEVOS REGÍSTROS PARA EL MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Navas S. Gabriel R. , Campos C. Néstor Hernando
Published: October 2017

Three species ol stomatopods colSected tor INVEMAR-MACROFAUNA cruises Squilla carbaea Manning. 1969. S. mtormodi* Bigelow. 1893 y Eurysqutlia holthutslManning. 1969 are listed Tho last two species are tlrst records tor tho Colombian Caribbean Sea. E. holthuisi Manning, 1969. known only Irom type material trom Panamá, was 1he most abundant with nmo spocimons, some morphometnc relations of this spocios uro presented.
POSTLARVAS Y JUVENILES DE CAMARONES FARFANTEPENAEUS SPP Y XIPHOPENAEUS
Authors: López Ángela C. , García Camilo B.
Published: October 2017

Postlarvae and juvonilos of Farlantepenaous spp. and Xiphopenaeus kroyen were collected at Boca de la Barra (Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta) by means of a channel net that orientates with tho tido. Sampling was carried out every two weeks for a year (February 1998-February 1999) so that oach sampling date corresponded to full and now moon alternatively. Farlantopenaous spp postlarvae tended to appear in tho dry soason and with significantly greater abundance during full moon (Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05). Juveniles showed a different pattern: there were significant differences between seasons (Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05) with higher concentrations in tho rainy soason. but not so between moon phasos (Mann-Whitnoy tost. P>0.05). In tho caso o! X. kroyen in no instance s»gnifcant differences were found between seasons or moon pitases (Mann-Whitney lest, P>0.05). However, some tendencies can be pointed out: postlarvae appeared in higher proportions during the new moon but no ma;or diHoronco was rocordod botwoon soasons whoroas juvonilos appeared in greater concentracions in the rainy season with almost no difference between moon phases. These results are disscused in torms of the scanty historical previous work. The relations Tl-CL and CL-Woight and somo morphomotnc and monstic foaturos aro roportod
FIRST RECORD OL DEVIL FISH SCORPACNA NTUERAE(PISCES: SCORPAENLDAE) IN THE COLOMBIAN PACIFIC
Authors: Gómez C. Ariel , Zapata P. Luis Alonso , Gómez C. Giovanni , Angulo V. Wilberto
Published: October 2017

The presence of S. afuerae is registered for first time in Colombian Pacific waters. Considering the period and the relative abundance, the cause to be is presumed the migratory effect by the cold phenomenon “La Niña”, declared in the end of 1998 and/or the few samples in the rocky zones offshore the continental shelf.
NUEVOS REGISTROS DE CRUSTÁCEOS ANFÍPODOS (GAMMARIDEA) COLECTADOS EN LAS COSTAS DEL CARIBE VENEZOLANO
Authors: Martín Alberto , Ortiz Manuel , Díaz Yusbelly J.
Published: October 2017

A study of gammaridean amphipods samples obtained from marine and estuarine environments of Venezuelarevealed the existence of fiveteen species that had not been previously reported for this country. A systematic list is presented as well as a description of the substrate where the species were found.
ARMINA JULIANA (GASTROPODA: NUDIBRANCHIA: ARMINIDAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THE SOUTHERN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Ardila Néstor E. , Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: October 2017

A new species of the genus Armina,, collected off the northern Caribbean coast of Colombia at depths of 310 and 460 m in soft bottoms is described. The number of notal ridges, die position of the genital papilla, the size and the shape of radular teedi and the features of the masticator}' process arc the main differences to other congeneric spccies occurring in Atlantic waters. Armina juliana n. sp. is the first record for the family Arminidae in the Colombian Caribbean.
SELECCIÓN DE PECES MARINOS PARA CULTIVOS INTENSIVOS EN EL NORORIENTE DE VENEZUELA
Authors: Gómez Gaspar Alfredo
Published: October 2017

The northeast coast of Venezuela is the most important fishing region in the country, the sardines (Sardinella aurita) and other species abound in its waters, the annual catch exceeds 300.000 mt. Several factors account for this fertility: an upwelling of subsurface waters, the influence of great South American rivers (notably the Orinoco river), the coastallagoons, and the presence of numerous islands. In the island of Margarita, the possibilities of cultivating 16 species or marine fishes have been studied, but so far only two species, the spadefish Chaetodipterus faber (Ephippidae) and the permit Trachinotus goodei (Carangjdae) show any potential of intensive production. Both species reach their commercial weight (300 - 400 p;) in less than one year, show gonadal maturity and spawn in confinement. For C. faber controlled reproduction and the raising of brood have been achieved but fattening should still be optimized. Trachinotus goodei is a very disease resistant species and grows relatively fast. In this paper we discuss the realistic possibilities of cultivation for both species, and the problems that must be solved. Success depends upon the use of adequate dry feed in floating cages in this installations. Experiments with snappers, Lutjanus, and dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus (Coryphaenidae), are recommended, because adults of these species are caught in this area all year round, which should facilitate all activities related with reproduction and the raising of juveniles.
EQUINODERMOS COLECTADOS POR LA EXPEDICIÓN CIOHINVEMAR- SMITHSONIAN DESDE CARTAGENA HASTA EL GOLFO DE URABÁ, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: González G. Dunia N. , Solano P. Oscar D. , Navas S. Gabriel R.
Published: October 2017

Echinoderms collected by CIOHINVEMAR- SMITHSONIAN expedition from Cartagena to Golfo de Urabá, Colombian Caribbean. 22 Echinoderm species collected in 21 statjons using a semiballoon trawling net from Cartagena to Golfo de Urabá, between 30 and 380 m depth by the 1995 CIOHINVEMAR- SMITHSONIAN expedition are listed, diagnosed and iIIustrated. The species included two crinoids, seven asteroids, five ofiuroids, four equinoids and four holothuroids, Astropecten nitidus Verrill, Plutonaster agassizi agassizi (Verrill), Tethyaster grandis (Verrill) and Leptopentacta deichmannae Domantay are first records to the Caribbean sea, and Astropecten alligator Perrier, Anthenoides piercei Perrier, Amphiodia atra (Stimpson), Amphilimna olivacea (Lyman), Ophiomusium acuferum Lyman, Araeosoma fenestratum (Wyville - Thomson) y Molpadia parva Théel are first records for the Colombian Caribbean. Grouping analysis between stations, based in presence - absence data, evidenced a pattern of stations relationships according depth. However, data are insufficient for determining zonation schemes in the area.
CRECIMIENTO DE JUVENILES DE PARGO PALMERO LUTJANUS ANALIS (CUVIER) EN JAULAS FLOTANTES EN ISLAS DEL ROSARIO, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Botero Julián , Ospina José Fernando
Published: October 2017

An experimental culture trial of juveniles of mutton snapper Lutjanus analis was conducted in order to evaluate the growth potential of the species and its adaptability to culture conditions. The juveniles (N = 127) with an initial weight ranging between 125 and 178 g were held at a stocking density of 15.9 fish/m3 in a floating cage and fed on a commercial artificial diet of 45% protein for a period of 1 to 8 days. Results showed an individual daily weight increase of 3.16 g/ day and a specific growth rate of t .06 %/ day. Although, the food conversion ratio obtained with the artificial diet was high and inadequate (TCA = 3.53). During the culture period all fish showed great tolerance to handling stress and to water quality conditions in the cage (O2 = 6.2-7.1 mg/L; Temp = 27.9-30.5 oC; Sal = 31-37). Overall survival was 97.6%. It is concluded that the mutton snapper has very important advantages for its culture like fast growth and tolerance to captivity conditions.
FIRST RECORD OF THE DIAMOND SQUID THYSANOTEUTHIS RHOMBUS TROSCHEL, 1857 (CEPHALOPODA: TEUTHIDA: OEGOPSINA) IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN SEA
Authors: Pulido López Paulo César , López Pinto Yesid Antonio
Published: October 2017

The occurrence of the diamond squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus in the Colombian Caribbean is recorded for the first time based on one stranded specimen (60 cm mantle lenght) at Morro de Gaira, near Santa Marta.
FORAMINÍFEROS BENTÓNICOS RECIENTES EN SEDIMENTOS DE FONDO DE LA CUENCA DE PANAMÁ (PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO), COMO INDICADORES DE PRODUCTIVIDAD Y OXIGENACIÓN
Authors: Betancur Maria Julliet , Martínez Ignacio
Published: October 2017

Thirteen deep-sea samples (core-tops) from the Panama Basin, Colombian Pacific, were analysed for benthonic foraminifera in the >150μm size fraction. Based on the microfaunal content, three zones are recognised in the Panama Basin: (1) northern euphrophic region (~8º to 5,5ºN), characterized by a high concentration of organic matter flux to the seafloor, oxygenated sediments, and influence of the Panama Bight and the Costa Rica Dome upwelling systems, (2) mesotrophic region (~5,5 to 2ºN), characterized by low fluxes of organic carbon to the seafloor, oxygenated sediments, terrigenous influence and fluctuations of the upwelling systems of the basin, and (3) southern euphotic region (south of ~2ºN), characterized by a larger organic carbon flux to the seafloor, low oxygen content (disoxia) and influence of the Equatorial Divergence.
ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD ÍCTICA DE LA CIÉNAGA DE MALLORQUÍN, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Arrieta Vera Liliana , De la Rosa Muñoz Joel
Published: October 2017

In order to evaluate the structure of the fish community in the coastal lagoon of Mallorquín, sampling was made each two weeks in nine stations widely allocated in the study area from July 1998 to April 1999. A total of 36 species corresponding to 22 fish families were analized. Based on the frequency of occurrence, 58% were classified as occasional visitors, 26% as frequent visitors, and a 16% as residents. Total abundance was 2424 individuals and 187 Kg of biomass (fresh weight). 89,3% of total abundance and the 89,6% of total biomass was represented by four families (Mugilidae, Engraulidae, Gerreidae and Ariidae. Four species (Mugil incilis, Cetengraulis edentulus, Diapterus rhombeus and Eugerres plumieri), included in three families, were dominant, representing 85,4% the whole sample. Species abundance, biomass y richness was homogeneous throughout the three climatic periods. Shannon-Weaver diversity index values oscillated between 0,13 and 0,33.
INTRODUCCIÓN AL PROBLEMA DE LA EROSIÓN LITORAL EN URABÁ (SECTOR ARBOLETES- TURBO) COSTA CARIBE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Correa Iván D. , Vernette Georges
Published: October 2017

Shoreline retreat has been the net dominant historical trend along the 145 km-length littoral between Arboletes and Turbo (Southern Caribbean of Colombia). For the last four decades, there were identified in this littoral shoreline retreats of about 50-100m in several places (Uveros, Damaquiel, Zapata, Turbo) and a maximun of 1.6 km in the Punta Rey-Arboletes area, where land losses were of 4.5 k m2, at exceptional rates of 40m/year. The synthesis of the available information suggest that the general “susceptibility” to erosion between Arboletes and Turbo could be related primarily to relative sea level rise, associated to tectonic movements as well as to the effects of mud diapirism and hydroisostacy. In the more critical areas (Arboletes, Turbo), the natural erosive trends were accelerated by anthropic actions, including river diversion (Turbo), beach mining, and inadequate (or total absense) practices for controlling residual and natural waters. Up to August 2000, there were invested about $ Col 10.000 billions in 155 engineering defences (groins, sea walls and rip-rap which totalize 6.2 km of total length and a volume of materials of 37.000 m3). With few exceptions, groins have not been successful and are now part of the problem, accelerating shore erosion along the adyacent sectors. In the short term, the littoral erosion between Arboletes and Turbo is caused both by marine and by subaerial factors. It is facilitated by the poor lithological strengths of cliffs and marine terraces, mainly composed of highly fractured and weathered claystones and mudstones (with stratification and weakeness planes dipping toward sea) and nonconsolidated, easily liquefacted, fine sediments; both conditions facilitate the occurrence of rocks falls, slides and mud flows that result in high figures of cliff retreat (3 to 4m), specially during the first 15 days of the summer-winter transition (april) and in high waves periods. The case of the littoral erosion between Arboletes and Turbo illustrates well how the natural erosive trends of an area can be accelerated by human interventions and the urgent need for coordinating efforts to cope with littoral land losses.
SITUACIÓN ACTUAL DE LOS RECURSOS PESQUEROS DEL ARCHIPIÉLAGO SABANA-CAMAGÜEY, CUBA
Authors: Claro Rodolfo , García Arteaga Juan P. , Gobert Bertrand , Cantelar Ramos Karel , Valle Gómez Servando V. , Pina Amargós Fabián
Published: October 2017

The main objectives of the present study were to describe the historical development of finfish fisheries in the Archipelago Sabana-Camagüey and adjacent northeast region (Cuba), and to assess the current status of fisheries resources. Species and size composition of trawl, trap, and gillnet catches were surveyed, fisheries statistics from fishing enterprises of the area were analysed, and experienced fishermen were interviewed. The historical evolution of catches and changes in fishing effort since 1962 is described. After a growth phase in catches resulting from increasing fishing effort, the fisheries reached a level of overexploitation by the second half of the 70s. The reduction of fishing effort and the establishment of some regulations has facilitated a partial recovery and limited stability for several years, but since the 1990s a clear phase of decline has begun and several important species show evidence of overfishing. Subsistence and sport fishing dramatically increased in this period, and the magnitude of their impact on the fish communities seems to be important. Analyses of the size composition of trawl and trap catches has demonstrated a high mortality of juveniles and non-commercial fishes due to the low selectivity of these fishing gears and due to inadequate legal minimum sizes for several species. The impacts of destructive fishing gears on fishing resources are described and measures are suggested for the sustainable management of fisheries in the region.
CONDICIÓN ACTUAL DE LAS FORMACIONES CORALINAS DE ACROPORA PALMATA Y A. CERVICORNIS EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL TAYRONA (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Garzón Ferreira Jaime , Moreno Bonilla Miguel , Valderrama Vásquez Jorge M.
Published: October 2017

To assess the status of coral formations dominated by A c ro p o r a palmata (APF) and A. cervicornis (ACF) in the Tayrona National Natural Park (TNNP), Colombian Caribbean, a study was conducted at the bays of Chengue, Gayraca, Nenguange and Cinto between May- December 2001. The distribution and extension of the formations in the study area were evaluated by swimming along the coast and using draft maps, a GPS and a calibrated flow-meter, and their living cover were estimated in quadrat-belt transects (1x10 m). Atotal of 29 APF (119320 m2) and 12 ACF (21760 m2) were assessed. Almost all the APF exhibited living colonies of A. palmata, but the mean cover by this species reached only about 10%, representing about 14000 m2 of living area and a live: dead tissue proportion of 1: 8. Only four ACF had living colonies of A. cerv i c o r n i s, and the mean live cover by this species was near 5%, corresponding to only 1200 m2 and a live: dead tissue proportion of 1: 15. Algae was the dominant category at both types of formation, covering about 80% of the substrate, followed by stony corals (17% in APF and 12% in ACF) and in less proportion by sand, zoanthids, octocorals and sponges. The hard coral assemblage was composed by 21 species in both formations, but, despite the extensive mortality of acroporids, it continued dominated by A. palmata (60%) in the APF and by A. cer v i c o r n i s (40%) in the A C F. M i l l e p o r a c o m p l a n a t a was the only other stony coral species that reached important cover values (19% in APF and 24% in ACF); this is an opportunist coral that may have been gaining dominance following the decline of acroporid species. The results of our study indicate that acroporid populations of the PNNT have not recovered after 15 years of their mass mortality, and on the contrary, suggest that their status is now more dramatic. This is coincident with the general scenario that was diagnosed recently for the status of these corals in the Wider Caribbean. However, the current condition of acroporids in the PNNT seems better than in other reef areas of the Colombian Caribbean, so that, its remnant surviving populations can represent important reserves for conservation of both species and for future restoration programs.
NUEVOS REGISTROS ÍCTICOS EN EL TALUD SUPERIOR DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO (ÓRDENES ALBULIFORMES, ANGUILLIFORMES, OSMERIFORMES, STOMIIFORMES, ATELEOPODIFORMES, AULOPIFORMES y PLEURONECTIFORMES)
Authors: Saavedra Díaz Lina M. , Roa Varón Adela , Acero P. Arturo , Stella Mejía Luz
Published: October 2017

Five cruises were made between October 1998 and April 1999 in order to improve the knowledge about the fish fauna of the upper continental slope in the Colombian Caribbean, as a part of the project “INVEMAR MACROFAUNA I”. A total of 80 trawls were made during five cruises between October of 1998 and April of 1999, distributed along of the ecoregions of Guajira, Palomino, Tayrona , Magdalena, Morrosquillo, and Darién, along the continental slope of the Colombian Caribbean between 200 and 525 m depth using a semi-balloon trawling net. Nineteen species of the orders Albuliformes, Anguilliformes, Osmeriformes, Stomiiformes, Ateleopodiformes, Aulopiformes and Pleuronectiformes are reported for the first time from Colombian waters, and the presence of two others is ratified. The results show a first report for the Caribbean, three first reports for the Southern Caribbean, and 15 first reports for the Colombian Caribbean. The data extend the depth range of two species and the maximum size of another one.
ANNUAL SKELETAL EXTENSION OF TWO REEF-BUILDING CORALS FROM THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN SEA
Authors: Charry Henry , Alvarado Elvira M. , Sánchez Juan A.
Published: October 2017

The skeletal growth of the scleractinian corals Diploria labyrinthiformis (Linnaeus 1758) and Montastraea annularis (Ellis and Solander 1786) from Isla Grande (north of Rosario islands), Colombian Caribbean, was determined from annual extension increments revealed by X-radiography of 4-6 mm thick slabs obtained along the axis of maximum growth. The skeletal extension average rate for the last 22 years for D. labyrinthiformis was 3.8 mm year-1 (SE 0.10; N = 87). The correlation between growth of D. labyrinthiformi s and hours of sunlight was significantly negative. The annual variances of sunlight enhanced annual statistically significant differences of growth in this species. M. annularis showed an average extension growth of 10.6 mm year-1 (SE 0.32; N = 55) during the last 14 years. The increase of M. annularis growth was coincident with the end of nearby dredging activities as well as the decrease of nutrient levels. Nevertheless, the growth rate of this species showed no statistically significant differences through the years and no correlation with variation in sunlight. Alow density annual band, wider than high density band in D. labyrinthiformis and narrower in M. annularis, seems to form approximately during April and May in both species, which is coincident with the end of dry season (increase of sea surface temperature, decrease of hours of sunlight and high influence of Dique Channel waters over Rosario islands). The annual bands forming on both species at the study site might be highly related with time of reproduction of each species. Further investigation will permit a better understanding of how some local conditions or coral physiology are related with coral growth at Rosario islands.
PRESENCE OF THE YELLOWCHEEK WRASSE HALICHOERES CYANOCEPHALUS (PISCES: LABRIDAE) IN SHALLOW REEFS OF THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Garzón Ferreira Jaime
Published: October 2017

The yellowcheek wrasse Halichoeres cyanocephalus (Bloch) is registered by the first time for the Colombian Caribbean. In spite of extensive diving in most reef areas of Colombia since 1980, H. cyanocephalus was observed only in four occasions at the Tayrona Natural Park, the Urabá area, and San Andrés island. The fish is known to occur in deep waters but in Colombia it was found only in shallow (7-15 m in depth) reef environments. Eight species of the genus Halichoeres are now known from the Colombian Caribbean.
THE GARDEN EEL HETEROCONGER LONGISSIMUS GÜNTHER (PISCES: ANGUILLIFORMES, CONGRIDAE) IN THE VENZUELA COASTS
Authors: Lasso Alcalá Oscar M. , Klein S. Eduardo
Published: October 2017

The brown garden eel Heteroconger longissimus had been reported for Venezuela only by observations of sport divers. In this work we confirm the species for Venezuela based on the examination of four leptocephalous specimens deposited in the fish collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP) and five adult specimens collected recently by the authors and deposited in the Museo de Historia Natural La Salle (MHNLS), Caracas. In addition, we comment on the taxonomic status, distinctive characters, and habitat of the species.
BOLETÍN DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS
Authors: Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras Comité Editorial
Published: October 2017

Registrado en ASFA, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, Geobase, Periodica, Zoological Record, Latindex y Publindex
ECOLOGÍA QUÍMICA DE LAS ESPONJAS EXCAVADORAS CLIONA APRICA, C. CARIBBAEA, C. DELITRIX Y C. TENUIS
Authors: Chaves Fonnegra Andia , López Victoria Mateo , Parra Velandia Fernando , Zea Sven
Published: October 2017

The Caribbean encrusting and excavating sponges Cliona aprica, C. caribbaea, C. delitrix and C. tenuis (Porifera, Hadromerida, Clionaidae), aggresively undermine and displace live coral tissue. At San Andrés island and Islas del Rosario (Colombian Caribbean), in all 145 observed cases of direct contact of the sponges C. aprica, C. caribbaea and C. tenuis with 17 coral species, corals showed unhealthy signs in their tissue. It was also noticed that the surface of these sponges is colonized by few organisms and that they are rarely preyed upon. To establish the possible use of chemical substances by these sponges in competition for space with corals (allelopathy), as inhibitors of larval settlement (antifouling), and as feeding deterrents against generalist fish (antipredatory), the activity of crude organic extracts was experimentally evaluated. Extracts were prepared in methanol and 1:2 metanol:dichloromethane and incorporated in experimental media at the natural concentration within the sponges. Using an unpublished method being developed by J. Pawlik (University of North Caroline at Wilmington) and M. Ilan (Tel Aviv University), PhytagelTM disks with crude extracts of each of the four sponge species, placed on the coral Montastrea cavernosa, produced a greater degree of polyp mortality than control gels without extract. Gels with extracts of the sponges C. aprica and C. caribbaea + C. tenuis, served in Petri dishes and used as substratum in the field, inhibited significantly the settlement of fouling organisms, in comparison to control gels. In laboratory trials, wheat flour pellets with extracts C. delitrix and C. caribbaea + C. tenuis were significantly rejected by the omnivore reef damselfish, Stegastes partitus, whereas pellets with extract of C. aprica did not deter feeding. These results suggest that substances present in the crude organic extracts of these sponges may be responsible in part for their ability to compete for reef substrata and to defend themselves from potential aggressors.
GEOMORFOLOGÍA Y PROCESOS EROSIVOS EN LA COSTA NORTE DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CÓRDOBA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO (SECTOR PASO NUEVO-CRISTO REY)
Authors: Rangel Buitrago Nelson G. , Posada Posada Blanca O.
Published: October 2017

As a contribution to the implementation of the National Environmental Polices for the Sustainable Development of Oceanic Spaces and Coastal and Insular Zones of Colombia, the physical characterization of the north littoral of Cordoba department (Paso Nuevo-Cristo Rey), was undertaken. The aim of doing it, was to determine which are the causes of the erosive processes that are present and to suggest solutions that help to reduce the vulnerability of the coastal populations of the area. In this area Tertiary sediments of fluvio-marine origin, are cropping fractured, weathered and slightly folded. The geomorphological characteristics show that the fluvio-marine terraces, which are limited by cliffs of up to 15 m of height, are the most represented unit and simultaneously more affected by the different erosive processes. About abundance, they are followed by mangroves and hills-mountains. The erosive processes along the littoral are helped by: the waves that head-on beat against the cliffs, causing gradual detachment of materials; weak coastal drift currents, with principal direction southwest, that together with the lack of sediments caused by the scarce contribution of the rivers and the materials of very fine size in the cliffs, do not contribute to the beach formation; the geological conditions show a fragile rock, prone to the degradation; intense runoff waters during the rain periods; the mud diapirism and the relative sea level rise are regional active phenomena; these processes, in most of cases, are intensified by the human intervention, showed mainly by the indiscriminate construction of structures and extraction of materials (sands and mangroves).
FECUNDIDAD Y PRIMERAS FASES DEL DESARROLLO LARVAL DE LA ASCIDIA ECTEINASCIDIA TURBINATA (ASCIDIACEA: PEROPHORIDAE) EN CUBA
Authors: García Cagide Alida , Hernández Zanuy Aida , Cárdenas Antonio
Published: October 2017

Zooids (the total amount of ovocytes, embryos, and larvae in larval release stage zooids), colonial (zooids mean fecundity per number of mature zooids on resorption or releasing larvae colonies) fecundity and the characteristics and duration of the early larval stages of the ascidian Ecteinascidia turbinata (Ascidiacea: Perophoridae) are given. The ascidian colonies were collected from non-estuarine mangroves in the NW region of Cuba. An average of 41 ± 12 ovocytes, embryos, and larvae were counted in 200 zooids of 17- 31 mm length from 20 colonies gathered during different months and sites. Ascidian colonies of 163 mm length and 252 zooids average produced 10590 larvae as average per colony during each generation-degeneration cycle that lasts about 40 days. Zooids and colonial fecundity were very variable in zooids and colonies with similar reproductive stage, but a high correlation (r = 0.84) between colonial fecundity and number of zooids per colony was found. Ascidian colonies prior to larvae release stage were placed in 10-liter glass aquaria. The experiments were carried out on September and November, 2000. Water temperature ranged between 23 and 30 ºC. The biggest larval release took place between 10:00 and 14:00 h. Average total length (TL) of larvae leaving the parental zooid was 2.7 mm. The larvae planktonic stage lasted 4 to 8 hours, attaining 3.1 mm (TL). Metamorphosis and larvae settlement lasted 8 to 12 hrs, and exogenous feeding began at 19 hrs. The juvenile zooid measured between 1.3 and 2.05 mm, and 9 % of the larvae completed the metamorphosis.
TASA DE PRODUCCIÓN DE FECAS Y COPROFAGÍA EN EUCALANUS SUBTENUIS (COPEPODA, CALANOIDEA), BAJO CONDICIONES CONTROLADAS DE LABORATORIO
Authors: Ramírez John Gabriel , Franco Herrera Andrés , Rincón Daniel , Castro Leonardo
Published: October 2017

Twelve laboratory experiments to evaluate the egestion in short time periods at the herbivorous copepod Eucalanus subtenuis, were carried out with the aim to obtain data about the morphometry, volume, faeces production rate and coprophagy index, as well as to detect some feeding strategy. Two feeding treatments with different phytoplankton size classes (measured as chlorophyll a concentration) were applied to the copepod: 0 -25 μm (pico and nanophytoplankton) and 25-85 μm (microphytoplankton). The food source was obtained from the surface water in the Caribbean central coast region, between February and May 2001. At copepods with mean total size of 1855.45 +/- 20.50 μm, faeces length fluctuated between 66.66 and 315 μm, being longer when copepods fed with smaller phytoplankton size. The faeces diameter ranged from 12.5 to 58.3 μm and the volume from 1.3x104 and 6.3x105 μm3. The egested faeces fluctuated between 0 and 1.52 faeces cop-1 and 0 and 2.10 faeces cop-1, for the two size feeding treatments (0-25 μm and 25-85 μm), respectively, without dependence of the phytoplankton concentration. At treatments with smaller size phytoplankton, the faeces production rate was 1.65 faeces cop-1 h-1 and 2.04 faeces cop-1 h-1 for longer size phytoplankton, without significant differences between treatments, that is, the faeces rate production doesn’t depend on food concentration and size. Copepods fed with smaller size phytoplankton had a mean tolerated coprophagy index of 20.02%, while those fed with longer phytoplankton was of 36.41%, responding to a more food active search that increase the finding probability in the egestion bottle. Globally, E. subtenuis is a herbivorous species, but considering the results, could be a detritivorous copepod product of the coprophagy and a great adaptability to select and use the food.
INTERACCIONES ENTRE CORALES Y MACROALGAS: DEPENDENCIA DE LAS ESPECIES INVOLUCRADAS
Authors: Márquez Juan Carlos , Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: October 2017

Macroalgae proliferation on coral reefs has been a recognized phenomenon for the past two decades and is generally entitled to the human activities on the coasts. Even thought, the role of competition in this process is not clear and it has been assumed that algae are competitively superior to corals, even when it has been demonstrated that this is not always the case. It is probable that the result of coral-macroalgae depends upon the species involved. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that there is a dependence relation between interaction category and interacting species. In order to resolve this, quantifications of interactions per category along 20 m transects were done on three representative localities at the Archipielago de San Bernardo. The results show a significant dependency between interaction category and coral-macroalgae combinations. The highest percentage of encounters at the R (overgrowth) category was that one between Halimeda opuntia, and the coral species Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides and Porites porites, as well as this last coral with the alga Lobophora variegta. Halimeda discoidea was the macroalgae with the highest percentage of interactions on the categories CP (peripheral contact), CT (tissue contact) and NC (no contact). At the CP category, it was common to find the interactions between the coral M. annularis and the algae H. opuntia and Dictyota bartayresiana besides the interactions with the red calcareous algae group. All this have led us to conclude that the intrinsic factors, those inherent to the coral and macroalga species involved in interactions, have the potential to determine the category of interaction or the way these two benthic components relate to each other.
DYNAMICS OF A MACROALGAL ROCKY INTERTIDAL COMMUNITY IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: García Camilo B. , Díaz Pulido Guillermo
Published: October 2017

The macroalgal intertidal community at a tropical location (Punta de la Loma, Colombian Caribbean) was monitored at irregular intervals from 1992 to 1995. The highly diverse macroalgal community was relatively invariant in cover, taxa and biomass from small spatial scales (square centimeters). At larger spatial scales (square meters), however, there was a small but definitive seasonal pulse in dominance and composition. Sand intrusions over the rocky intertidal represents a strong disturbance reducing macroalgal cover during the dry season. Interannual variation was also detected. La Punta de la Loma appears to be influenced by the regional upwelling conditions.
DINÁMICA POBLACIONAL DEL CORONCORO MICROPOGONIAS FURNIERI (PISCES: SCIAENIDAE) EN LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Cancio Mozo Elaine , Narváez Barandica Juan Carlos , Blanco Racedo Jacobo
Published: October 2017

The “Coroncoro” fish Micropogonias furnieri has been one of the most important traditional fish resources in CGSM and CP. In order to determine exploitation status of its stock, aspects related to its biology and population parameters have been assessed. 38 Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - Vol. 35-2006 Mean maturity size was estimated in 20.7 cm at total length; whereas sex ratio was 2.39 females per male. Ripe individuals occurred throughout the whole year, with a maturation and spawning peak in the rainy season (november). Length-weight relationship showed no difference between sexes and a common equation with allometric growth W = 0.0064LT3.2 was estimated. The estimated parameters of von Bertalanffy growth function were L∞ = 34.0 cm, K = 0.44 yr-1, t0 = 0.301 yr and C = 0.5; with a growth index ranging between 2.67 and 2.73. Total (Z), natural (M) and fishing (F) mortality rates were estimated as 2.16, 0.84 and 1.32 yr-1, respectively. The estimated exploitation rate (E = 0.61) indicated that M. furnieri is being overexploited and thus it is recommended to adopt management actions to ensure resource sustainability.
BIOESSAYS OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS FROM SOME COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN MACROALGAE
Authors: Díaz R Martha Cecilia , Bula Meyer† German , Zea Sven , Martínez Alejandro
Published: October 2017

This study evaluates the biological activity and possible deterrance played by organic crude extracts from six Phaeophyta and two Rhodophyta algae from Southern Caribbean. Bioessays were carried out using concentrations equivalent to those present in algae tissue. Species in general did not show high citotoxic activity. However Dictyota pulchella, showed a delay in the mitotic process for cells stage XVI. Extracts from Dictyota bartayresiana, D. pulchella, Sargassum cymosum and Cladophyllum schnetteri, inhibited S. partitus feeding under laboratory conditions. Nontheless, only extracts from D. bartayresiana and C. schnetteri showed this activity in the field.
ON THE SYNONYMY BETWEEN ARMINA WATTLA MARCUS AND MARCUS, 1967 AND ARMINA MUELLERI (IHERING, 1886) (GASTROPODA: NUDIBRANCHIA: ARMINIDAE)
Authors: Báez Diana P. , Ardila Néstor E.
Published: October 2017

Armina wattla Marcus and Marcus, 1967 and Armina abbotti Thompson, Cattaneo and Wong, 1990 were proposed by Ardila and Valdés (2004) to be junior synonyms of Armina muelleri (Ihering, 1886). A detailed anatomical review of these species (radula, reproductive system) and their distribution range revealed that A. wattla is a valid species and A. abbotti is a synonym of the former. Literature references to Armina tigrina Rafinesque, 1814 in the east coast of North America are misidentifications of some specimens of A. wattla.
TIBURONES Y RAYAS DE COLOMBIA (PISCES ELASMOBRANCHII): LISTA ACTUALIZADA, REVISADA Y COMENTADA
Authors: Mejía Falla Paola A. , Navia Andrés F. , Mejía Ladino Luz M. , Acero P. Arturo , Rubio Efraín A.
Published: October 2017

A revision of the species of sharks, skates and rays registered for the marine and continental waters of Colombia was carried out; a total of 176 species (88 sharks and 88 batoids) were found. Of these, 63 species of sharks and 58 of skates and rays have been confirmed through photographic records and biological collections, and the remaining has only been supported by bibliographical references. This inventory includes 69 genera (36 sharks and 33 batoids) and 34 families (20 sharks and 14 batoids). Four new species and 20 new reports for Colombian waters have been published in the last 25 years. Six species are deposited in internationals museums but have not appeared in the scientific literature. The number of Colombian material cataloged and deposited in national and international biological collections and collections of images is also included, as well as the amount of existent Colombian bibliographical references on each species. Taxonomic and systematic comments of some groups which validity is discussed are made.
BRIOZOOS CHEILOSTOMADOS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Flórez Romero Paola , Montoya Cadavid Erika , Reyes Forero Javier , Santodomingo Nadiezhda
Published: October 2017

The Cheilostomes are the most diverse existent bryozoans group. Its species are commonly found in all the marine ecosystems around the world. In Colombia, however, information about them is scarce and limited to few localities. With the initiative of exploring the soft bottom biodiversity and completing the Colombian marine fauna inventories, INVEMAR-Macrofauna II exploration took place in March 2001, during which samples were collected on soft bottoms throughout the Colombian Caribbean from the continental shelf and the upper slope (20 – 500 m depth) by trawling. 62 species of Cheilostomes that belong to 39 families were found, 36 are first records for the Colombian Caribbean, 4 for the Great Caribbean and 1 for the Tropical West Atlantic. Bathymetric and geographic ranges are extended for 13 species. Taxonomical notes and images of the five species that are first records for the Greater Caribbean and the Tropical West Atlantic are included in this survey. It also includes remarks about the distribution, substrata, and growth types of Cheilostomata studied.
LITHOPHAGA NIGRA (D’ORBIGNY, 1853) (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA: MYTILIDAE), FIRST RECORD FOR THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Gómez Soto Carlos E. , Rico Tatiana , Ardila Néstor E. , Sanjuan Muñoz Adolfo
Published: October 2017

Lithophaga nigra (d’Orbigny, 1853) is an uncommon boring bivalve that inhabits dead coral skeletons and occurs in the Caribbean Sea and the Indopacific region. One specimen of this species was collected within a dead head of the coral Montastraea sp. in Playa Blanca, (bahía de Gaira) near Santa Marta at 10 m of depth, and it is recorded for the first time in the Colombian Caribbean.
PROBLEMATIC IDENTITY OF THE SMALLEYE HAMMERHEAD (CARCHARHINIFORMES: SPHYRNA) OCCURRING IN COLOMBIA
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Cánter Ríos† Diego , Polanco F. Andrea
Published: October 2017

The presence of Sphyrna tudes in Colombian waters is supported by a 506 mm total length male collected in the southernmost corner of the Caribbean Sea, the mouth of Atrato river. A short discussion on the confusing taxonomic and nomenclatural history of the smalleye hammerhead is included.
INFLUENCIA DEL RÍO SINÚ Y EL MAR CARIBE EN EL SISTEMA LAGUNAR DE CISPATÁ
Authors: Ruiz Ochoa Mauricio , Bernal Gladys , Polanía Jaime
Published: October 2017

The influence of the Sinú River and the Caribbean Sea over the Cispatá lagoon system was studied through annual and interannual analysis, as well as the tendency of hydrological (precipitation, discharge), and marine (SST, level) time series. The hydrological series were correlated with ONI, NAO and PDO macroclimatic indices, and, from data logging of flow stations down of Urrá I dam, their effects over the lagoon system were studied. No significant correlation between the precipitation and ENSO was found. The flow of the river basin highlands contribute with 50% of the one released. The flow coming into the lagoon system displayed a monomodal cycle. Positive flow anomalies were associated with La Niña, negative ones with El Niño. We found that the regulation effect on the flow by Urrá I is noticeable in the Angostura de Urrá, Pasacaballo, and Caño Grande stations, whereas in the Cotoca Abajo station it is not substantial. The sea level and the SST registered a 25 cm rise in 44 years, and one of 0.6 °C in 20 years, respectively. Four prospective scenarios on the river – sea influence over the lagoon system were presented, considering the sea level rise. The first two scenarios suppose that the communications between the Sinú River and the lagoon system will last; and the following two that one of the two arms of the river that feed the system will clog.
SELECCIÓN DE BACTERIAS CON CAPACIDAD DEGRADADORA DE HIDROCARBUROS AISLADAS A PARTIR DE SEDIMENTOS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Narváez Flórez Silvia , Gómez Martha L. , Martínez María M.
Published: October 2017

Thirty one bacterial isolations in minimal salts supplemented medium with hydrocarbons (ACPM or crude oil) as sole carbon source were isolated from sediment samples from the Colombian Caribbean. Bacterial strains underwent selection tests in different concentrations of hydrocarbons; 11 tolerant crude oil and ACPM strains in a range of 1-8%v/v were chosen. A mixed bacterial culture was created and assessed its ability to degrade hydrocarbons in a laboratory-scale test, with a concentration of 2% v/v of ACPM over a period of 21 days. Measurements of biomass in Colony Forming Units (CFU)/mL were used to develop the growth curve of the mixed culture. Hydrocarbons remotion was measured by mass chromatography. The mixed culture was able to degrade the 68.6% of aliphatic hydrocarbons in preference of long chain n- alkanes (C12- C31), reaching a maximum growth of 3.13 x 109 UFC / mL. Degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons was not evidenced under the observation time. Nine of the eleven strains were identified using the biochemical systems BBL and API 50 CHB/E; they belonged to the genus Klebsiella, Chromobacterium, Flavimonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus. The evaluated strains have enzymatic potential to degrade hydrocarbons and it is necessary to characterize them at molecular level in order to develop and effective consortium for field application.