bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Teacher-led Nutrition Education Program towards Nutrition and Anemia Status of Adolescent Girls in Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Rachman Purnawati Hustina , Ekawidyani Karina Rahmadia , Mauludyani Anna Vipta Resti , Februhartanty Judhiastuty
Published: June 2021

Nutrition education among adolescents is lacking in Indonesian schools. Whereas adolescent girls, in particular, need adequate nutrients to prepare them for their future pregnancy which may improve their nutrition status in the long term. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of a teacher-led nutrition education program on the nutrition and anemia status of adolescent girls. A quasi-experimental design was applied in junior high and high schools in Bogor which compared the findings between the intervention (n=112) and the control group (n=129). Teachers in the intervention group received training on health and nutrition for adolescents and were asked to deliver nutrition education for their students for 14 weeks. The control group did not receive any exposure to the topics. The weight, height, and hemoglobin level were measured before and after the program. Paired and independent t-test statistical analysis was used to assess the impact of the intervention for continuous variables and the Chi-Square test was used for categorical data. After the program, although there were no significant improvements in BMI-for-age z-score, however, significant improvements were observed for hemoglobin level among the treatment group. This was consequently shown in the anemia status, where the prevalence of anemia was significantly lower compared to the control group (p<0.001). The findings demonstrate that teacher-led nutrition education can improve the anemia status of adolescent girls.
Aantekening: The unconstitutionality of section 5(1)(a) of the Extradition Act 67 of 1962 – implications for ongoing and future extradition proceedings in light of a decision of the Constitutional Court
Authors: Du Toit JJ , Svicevic M
Published: June 2021

Op 18 Desember 2020 het die konstitusionele hof uitspraak gelewer in Smit v Minister of Justice and Correctional Services oor die grondwetlikheid al dan nie van artikel 5(1)(a) van die Wet op Uitlewering 67 van 1962. In besonder was in geskil of ’n lasbrief van inhegtenisneming wat ingevolge daardie artikel deur ’n landdros uitgereik is, teenstrydig was met artikel 12(1)(a) van die grondwet – die reg om nie arbitrêr of sonder regverdige rede van vryheid ontneem te word nie. Die minderheidsuitspraak het bevind dat artikel 5(1)(a) nie ongrondwetlik was nie want dit kan met inagneming van die grondwet uitgelê word. Die meerderheidsuitspraak het bevind dat artikel 5(1)(a) teenstrydig was met die grondwet en dus nietig is. In hierdie bydrae ondersoek die outeurs die oorwegings wat sowel in die meerderheids- as die minderheidsuitsprake ter sprake was. Hulle bespreek vervolgens ook hoe die meerderheidsuitspraak in die lig van artikel 5(1)(a) in die toekoms in die praktyk hanteer sal moet word. Die outeurs lig ook die kriteria uit vir die uitreiking van lasbriewe van inhegtenisneming, wat in sekere ander vergelykbare buurlande in Suidelike Afrika en in Australië gevolg word. Die gevolgtrekking van die outeurs is dat die meerderheidsuitspraak, dat artikel 5(1)(a) teenstrydig met die grondwet is, nie ondersteun kan word nie. Wanneer ’n landdros ’n lasbrief van inhegtenisneming uitreik ingevolge artikel 5(1)(a), saamgelees met artikel 43(1) van die Strafproseswet 51 van 1977, is ’n landdros inderdaad verplig om homself te vergewis dat daar wel ’n redelike vermoede is dat die persoon teen wie die lasbrief uitgereik word, die beweerde oortreding begaan het. Gegewe die meerderheidsuitspraak, word die implikasies van die hof se beslissing uiteengesit en voorstelle word gemaak hoe hierdie uitspraak in die toekoms hanteer moet word.
Endülüslü el-A’mâ et-Tutaylî ve Şiirleri
Authors: SARP Ebuzer
Published: June 2021

Murâbıtlar döneminin en önemli şairlerinden olan et-Tutaylî, medih, mersiye, tabiat, gazel ve şarap tasviri gibi birçok konuda şiirler nazmetmiştir. Şiirlerinde, amâ olmasının etkisiyle tasvir ve hayal dünyası açısından eksiklikler olduğu görülen şairin, kültürel olarak ileri bir seviyede olduğu ifade edilebilir. Şair, klasik kaside formundaki şiirlerinin yanı sıra birçok müveşşah da nazmetmiştir. Endülüs menşeli ve klasik kaside formundan farklı bir tür olan müveşşah alanındaki en önemli birkaç şairden birisi et-Tutaylî’dir. Dîvanında birçok müveşşahı yer alan şairin bu şiirleri de incelenecek olup müveşşahlar ve kasideleri arasındaki farklılıklara da yer yer değinilecektir. Müveşşah şiirlerinin temel anlamda eğlence eksenli nazmedilmiş olmaları muhtevasının da farklılaşmasına neden olmuştur.

Bu çalışmada, klasik ve modern kaynaklarda yer aldığı kadarıyla şairin biyografisi verilecek ve onun şiirleri üzerinden hayata bakışı, yaşadığı olaylar, dönemi, karakteri ve edebî eğilimi tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Bu sebeple, dîvânındaki neredeyse bütün şiirler gözden geçirilmiştir. “Endülüs’ün Maarrî”si olarak nitelendirilen ve özellikle Türkiye’de hakkında yeterince çalışma yapılmayan ve tanınmayan bu şairin, Endülüs şiir geleneğindeki yeri tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Revizyonist Tarihçi Patricia Crone’un Mevâlî Anlayışı
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Öznur , YILMAZ Saim
Published: June 2021

Batı’da revizyonist oryantalistler arasında sayılan Patricia Crone (1945-2015) erken dönem İslâm tarihinin farklı konularına ilişkin kitap ve makale türünde pek çok eser vermiş velûd bir araştırmacıdır. Emevî ve Abbâsî top-lumunda mevâlînin yeri ve rolü ise akademik hayatının başlangıç yıllarından itibaren ilgilendiği özel konulardan biri olmuştur. Revizyonist bakış açısı ile kaleme almış olduğu çalışmalarda Müslüman müelliflerin yazmış olduğu kaynaklara önyargılı bakışı, uyguladığı yöntem ve ulaştığı sonuçlar başta batılı bilim adamları olmak üzere ilim dünyasından ciddi eleştirilere sebep olmuştur. Bununla birlikte Crone’un mevâlî konusunda yaptığı çalışmaların İslâm araştırmaları sahasında Doğulu ve Batılı araştırmacılar üzerinde olumlu ya da olumsuz bir etki meydana getirdiği açıktır.

Bu makalenin öncelikli hedefi, Crone’un İslâm toplumundaki mevâlî hakkındaki görüşlerini ana hatlarıyla ve mümkün olduğu kadar yorumsuz bir şekilde ortaya koymaktır. Üç bölümden oluşan bu çalışmada, öncelikle Crone’un öncelikle Crone’un revizyonist bakış açısı ve mevâlî hakkındaki eserleri ele alınmıştır. İkinci kısımda mevâlî kavramı ve kökeni hakkında ileri sürdüğü farklı görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Son olarak üçüncü kısımda Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn (11-41/632-661), Emevîler (41-132/661-750) ve Abbâsîler (132-656/750-1258) dönemlerindeki mevâlînin sosyal, siyasî, askerî ve iktisadî hayattaki konumu ile ilgili tespitlerine yer verilmiştir. Crone’un mevâlî hakkındaki görüşlerini ele alan bu çalışmanın amacı, konuyla ilgili daha ileri çalışmalara vesile olmaktır.
Determination of priority chemicals of water from centralized supply systems for monitoring water safety
Authors: Khasanova Anna A. , Chetverkina Kristina V. , Markovich Nina I.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The analysis of the sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation indicates problems in the field of drinking water safety, caused, among other things, by chemical contamination. Due to the wide variety of pollutants, it is necessary to determine the procedure for identifying priority chemical pollutions from the water from centralized supply systems, using health risk criteria. Materials and methods. The analysis of relevant scientific literature and regulatory and methodological documents formed the basis for developing criteria for determining priority chemical pollutants contained in the water from centralized supply systems. A sampling of drinking water was carried out at the start point (water intake) and the endpoint of the distribution network (water tap). The selected water samples were examined using the chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Results. An algorithm for determining the priority chemicals in the water of centralized water supply systems according to the potential hazard and health risk criteria has been developed. Approaches to the identification of possible sources of chemical water pollutants from centralized supply systems were established. According to the results of testing, it was found that three of the 16 chemical water components are potentially dangerous: 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, pentadecane, and lilial. The presence of pentadecane comes from a water source. Still, it should have eliminated water treatment. The presence of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and lilial is most likely due to water treatment and water transportation processes through the water supply systems. Conclusion. There are six criteria for determining priority chemical pollutions from the water from centralized supply systems based on hygiene standards compliance, an impact of the chemicals on the environment and the human health, the presence of harmful effects for humans and/or animals, implementation of possible mechanisms for the development of human health disorders and the acceptability of the risk level were proposed. There were identified three priority pollutants in the water from centralized supply systems that can be recommended for further monitoring.
Low-frequency range magnetic fields at workplaces: hygiene regulation criteria
Authors: Paltsev Yury P. , Pokhodzey Larisa V. , Kurilenko Yury V. , Rudneva Elena A.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Until now, in the Russian Federation, unlike Western countries, hygienic regulations have not been developed for magnetic fields (MF) of low-frequency ranges. The aim of the study is a scientific substantiation of the threshold limit values (TLV) of magnetic fields in the range of 3 Hz - 30 kHz at workplaces. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of domestic and foreign hygienic normative-methodical documentation regulating the TLV of magnetic fields of low-frequency ranges at workplaces is carried out. When substantiating TLV in the frequency range of 3 Hz - 30 kHz, the method of calculating the corrected value of the RMS MF strength in decadal frequency bands is used, taking into account its target values for different exposure times. Results. MF sources in the frequency range 3 Hz - 30 kHz were shown to be widely used in various areas of activity. The analysis of current domestic and foreign documents regulating the impact of MF in low-frequency bands showed the possibility of harmonizing hygienic regulations. The TLV MP in decadal frequency bands and the criteria for their hygienic assessment are scientifically substantiated. Conclusion. The studies made it possible for the first time in the Russian Federation to develop MF hygienic standards in the frequency range of 3Hz - 30 kHz at workplaces, the introduction of which into the practice of sanitary and epidemiological supervision will ensure adequate control over the electromagnetic environment and preservation of workers’ health.
Immunological status in employees of the mining and processing enterprise and chemical risk factors
Authors: Alikina Inga N. , Dolgikh Oleg V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Currently, occupational health problems acquire particular relevance due to the inconsistency of working conditions with hygienic standards. Unfavorable conditions lead to the development of occupational and production conditioned diseases, increase the risk of developing non-specific diseases and exacerbate their medico-social consequences. In this regard, it becomes essential to develop diagnostic criteria for early health disorders of workers under the influence of working conditions [1]. Materials and methods. One hundred ninety-five workers of potash production (men) were examined. The observation group consisted of 120 workers exposed to harmful chemical occupational factors (air pollution of the working area with silvinite dust, chemicals on the example of hexane). Seventy-five workers were not exposed to harmful factors of the production environment (comparison group). CD-phenotypes of cellular immunity were determined by flow cytometry. The chemical and analytical study of the content of contaminants in urine was carried out by the method of analysis of the equilibrium vapor phase (hexane). The content of IgG specific to the studied substance was determined by the allergosorbent method. Results. Changes in the immune system were significant concerning the comparison group and characterized by excessive expression of many CD-immunophenotypes (CD11a, CD3+CD95+) and the TNFR receptor. At the same time, an increased concentration of hexane was registered in the biological media of workers in the main occupational groups compared to the comparison group. Reliable differences in the content of specific antibodies to hexane (IgG) between the studied groups of workers (p<0.05) were established. Conclusion. The results of this work allowed substantiating the list of priority indicators of the state of the immune system in mining workers exposed to direct exposure to contaminants at the stage of chemical treatment of mineral resources. Abnormalities of cellular and humoral immunity have been identified, which can impair the functioning of the body’s immune system and the formation of immune-mediated pathological conditions (inflammatory and proliferative processes in the lungs, asthenia).
Potential health risk associated with consumption of local food containing pesticide residues for the rural population
Authors: Eliseev Yuri Yu. , Spirin Vladimir F. , Chechomov Sergei Yu. , Eliseeva Julia V.
Published: June 2021

Objective. Hygienic assessment of the potential health risks to the rural population associated with the use of local food products produced in areas containing residual amounts of pesticides in the soil. Material and methods. The quantification of chloro- and organophosphorus pesticides in local foods was analyzed by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Health risks to the rural population from exposure to pesticides in foods were assessed according to the Risk Assessment Guidelines (P 2.1.10. 1920-04). To calculate exposure and hazard ratio (HQ), summary hazard indices (HIs), individual (CR), and population (PCR) carcinogenic hazards, the median and 90th percentile of pesticide content in topical foods were used. Results. Dairy and vegetable products were found to contribute mainly to the median level of pollution with organochlorine toxic chemicals for most studied areas. Potatoes and vegetable products contributed to pollution with organophosphorus compounds. The HQ values calculated at the median level of pesticide content in food products in all agricultural areas under study in the region indicated an acceptable level of exposure. It is also good, but above 1.0, were the total HI due to pesticide contamination at the level of the 90th percentile value in local food products of four districts of the Saratov region. The total non-carcinogenic risk at the level of the 90th percentile was assessed for pesticides that have a unidirectional effect on the damage to the endocrine system - due to the action of DDT, HCHCG, and malathion; damage to the liver, kidneys, and the reproductive system - due to the action of DDT, HCHCG, chlorpyrifos and glyphosate. Conclusion. Thus, the study established a high level of the CR value for the health of all surveyed environmentally disadvantaged areas of the Saratov region associated with contamination of HCHCG food products calculated at the median and 90th percentile level. An average of 84.2% of PCR was due to contamination of local HCHCG foodstuffs and 15.8 % to DDT.
Main results, prospects of application and improvement of the health risk assessment of the population of Siberian cities – participants of the “Clean air” project (Bratsk, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Chita)
Authors: Zaitseva Nina V. , May Irina V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. As part of implementing the federal project “Clean air” provisions, the Human health risk assessment in Bratsk, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Chita under the influence of ambient air-polluting chemicals was carried out. The main task of the risk assessment was to substantiate the list of priority chemicals that make the most significant contribution to risks (for monitoring and quoting) and to determine the primary sources of air pollution in the city with these substances (for subsequent quotas). Materials and methods. The initial information for assessing the exposure and human health risks in each city was the consolidated databases of stationary and mobile emissions sources. Calculations were carried out in standardized software products of the “Ecolog-Gorod” series. Risk indicators were determined under the provisions and requirements of the guideline R 2.1.10.1920-04. In each city, the calculations were performed at residential buildings (from 11 to 14 thousand points in the territory). Emissions from more than 1350 thousand sources were taken into account. Surface concentrations of 45 to 60 impurities in each city are considered. Results. Unacceptable, including high health risk, was found to form in all the cities studied. According to the hazard index, the diversity of exceeding the permissible risk levels reached 15-20 times. About 630 thousand people live in areas of unacceptable risk, including more than 200 thousand people in areas of high risk of diseases. Critical affected organs and systems are the respiratory systems, immune system, blood, offspring development, etc. The chemical impurities determined for each territory and their sources, which together contribute up to 90% to unacceptable risks, are considered as priorities for monitoring and quotas. Recommendations were developed to improve the procedure for preparing initial data for risk assessment and verify the results of risk assessment by epidemiological and medical-demographic studies.
The Experience of Conflict Management of Public Secondary School Administrators: A Phenomenological Inquiry
Authors: Imperial Joebel G. , Madrigal Dennis V.
Published: June 2021

The school administrators' skill in managing conflict and resolution is vital towards creating a peaceful and productive working environment. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore the lived experiences of public secondary school administrators on conflict management. Using a purposive sampling technique, three school administrators participated in an in-depth interview.  The data were analyzed using the recursive textual analysis aided by the framework of Lichtman. The study's findings show that school administrators primarily consider the source of conflict to understand the appropriate approach to apply. By classification, the conflict between teachers usually rooted in jealousy, faction, personal grudges, and pride. In contrast, conflicts between teachers and administrators would usually involve the performance of duties. Moreover, they believe that there is no single approach to be followed in the implementation of conflict resolution strategies since it depends on the situation and the parties involved. The findings suggest that each person is dynamic, and the beauty of dynamism of people enables them to understand and resolve conflicts in the end.
Balancing Work-Family Roles: The Experiences of Solo Parent School Administrators
Authors: Encila Mary Grace F. , Madrigal Dennis V.
Published: June 2021

The rising educational attainment for women and economic uncertainty gave rise to high maternal employment rates and the global labour force participation of women. Often working mothers, are put into the complexities of work and family life, resulting in stress and perplexity of values and priority. The phenomenological paper intends to explore the day-to-day life experiences and the balance of work-home life of school administrators involved in solo-parenting in the Diocesan Schools of Negros Occidental, Philippines. The data were collected using an in-depth interview from four school administrators chosen through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis following Lichtman's three Cs: coding, categorizing, and conceptualizing was used to analyse the data. The findings show that playing the role of an administrator and being a solo parent at the same time is both a challenging and rewarding task. School administrators employed various coping mechanisms such as seeking external help and involving in productive activities to manage daily stressors. In the absence of their spouse, time management is essential, and spending quality time with children is always a priority. The findings may provide baseline data for designing and implementing stress management programs to ensure the balance of work-family roles.
Legal aspects on right to access to land of investors through land use rights transactions in Vietnam
Authors: Thai Luu Quoc
Published: June 2021

Access to land and the stability in land use” is one of 10 indicators to measure the competitiveness of the localities in attracting investment in Vietnam. Until the present time, the access to land through land use rights transactions of investors is still discriminated, especially for foreign-invested enterprises. Therefore, this article will discuss the “opportunities” to access to land (or land use rights) of investors, through the land use right transactions (in the secondary market) in the Vietnamese current Land law to point out the limitations of the Vietnamese land laws
A Glimpse into the Lives of Transferring Private School Students to a State College
Authors: Gabana Jona J. , Madrigal Dennis
Published: June 2021

Private schools ensure students' future with rigorous academic curricula that incorporate durable skills like pro-activeness, critical thinking, and collaboration. However, due to financial constraints, learners are left with no option but to enroll in a tertiary school that offers free of charge. Hence, this paper aims to inquire into the lives of transferring students from a private school to a state college. The researcher utilized the purposive sampling technique to determine the five participants of the study who were selected using inclusion criteria. Through qualitative research design, the data were gathered from the participants using an in-depth interview. Data were analyzed using a recursive textual analysis aided by Litchman's 3 C's-coding, categorizing, and conceptualizing. The findings reveal that participants shared usual experiences and observations in a state college. Notwithstanding the hardships to accomplish the desired purpose, the students remained focused and motivated. Thus, state college is a conducive avenue for a determined student to earn a degree and become successful in their chosen field.
An Exploration of the Perceived Application Preparedness of Undergraduate Students Applying for Professional School
Authors: Prentice Ashley M. , Farmer Aarek W. , Gean Wendy
Published: June 2021

This research study investigated the perceived application preparedness of undergraduate students preparing to apply for professional school. Perceptions of preparedness were measured before and after attending a seminar series focusing on the Centralized Application Service (CAS) portal, writing a personal statement, identifying personal strengths and weaknesses, and interview skills. Data was collected from pre-and post-surveys from undergraduate students enrolled at a small, private liberal arts university in West Tennessee. Electronic surveys were distributed to undergraduate students in a pre-health arts professional program hosted by the university before and after attending the seminar series. Data from 44 students were analyzed to determine if there was a significant impact on perceived level of preparedness before and after attending the seminar series. The data revealed that students had higher perceived application preparedness after receiving formal instruction compared to having no instruction regarding the graduate application process.
Pajanan Partikulat Debu Kapur dan Faktor Risiko Pekerja dengan Kejadian ISPA: Sebuah Literature Review
Authors: Fuadi Mirza Fathan , Setiani Onny , Darundiati Yusniar Hanani
Published: June 2021

Limestone mining is an industry that produces pollutants in the air. The pollutants produced from the lime mining industry are dust and gas particles. The resulting lime dust can harm the health of workers. ARI is a respiratory disease that attacks lime mining workers. ARI does not only occur due to exposure to lime dust, there are several risk factors for workers that can cause ARDs. This study aims to determine the exposure to lime dust and the risk factors for workers with the incidence of ARI. This research was conducted using the literature review method with a sample size of 16 journals. The results showed that 80% of the variables studied were significant or had a relationship with the incidence of ARI. From the review of the article, it is known that there is a period of work, use of PPE, age, history of disease, and smoking habits. The most dominant risk factors that have a significant relationship with the incidence of ARI are the working period variable and the use of PPE.
Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Akidah Akhlak di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Ittihad Kuala Jambi
Authors: Saimah Saimah
Published: June 2021

Kompetensi kepribadian kemampuan kepribadian yang mantap, berakhlak mulia, arif dan berwibawa serta menjadi teladan peserta didik. Kepribadian merupakan suatu masalah yang abstrak, hanya dapat dilihat lewat penampilan, tindakan, ucapan, dan cara berpakaian se- seorang. Setiap orang memiliki kepribadian yang berbeda. Kompetensi kepribadian merupakan suatu performansi pribadi (sifat-sifat) yang harus dimiliki seorang guru. Kompetensi kepribadian bagi guru adalah pribadi guru yang terintegrasi dengan penampilan kedewasaan yang layak diteladani, memiliki sikap dan kemampuan memimpin yang demokratis serta mengayomi peserta didik. “Jadi seorang guru harus memiliki kepri- badian yang: mantap, stabil, dewasa, arif, berwibawa, berakhlak mulia, dan dapat menjadi teladan.
Problematika Pendidikan Agama Islam di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Dahniar Dahniar
Published: June 2021

Pendidikan Agama Islam dilihat dari hakikatnya merupakan sebuah aktivitas penting dalam pemeliharaan diri manusia yang tersimpul dalam jiwa manusia berkualitas, baik aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik. Selian itu, Pendidikan Agama Islam juga bukan semata-mata teoretis, melainkan praktis; menjangkau fisik, sekaligus psikis bagi peserta didik. Penanaman pendidikan agama Islam merupakan hal penting yang patut diberikan sejak anak usia dini. Sehingga, dalam situasi kedaruratan apapun, termasuk Covid-19 ini, bangsa tetap mampu melahirkan generasi yang memiliki konsep diri bagi sebagai seorang muslim yang sejati.
Prácticas espectrofotométricas y cromatográficas
Authors: Medina Juárez Luis Angel , Gámez Meza Nohemí , Ovando Martínez Maribel , Molina Domínguez Claudia Celeste
Published: June 2021

Este manual de prácticas está diseñado para que los estudiantes de las ciencias biológicas y de la salud, de nivel licenciatura y posgrado, realicen prototipos biotecnológicos para la extracción, identificación y cuantificación de compuestos bioactivos. Se centra en el estudio del perfil de ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases e identificación y cuantificación de compuestos fenólicos, carotenoides y tocoferoles por HPLC-DAD.
NATURAL SCIENCE LITERACY OF THE WOULD-BE TEACHERS: THE ANALYSIS OF UNDERSTANDING OF SOME NATURAL PHENOMENA
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas , Vilkonienė Margarita , Vilkonis Rytis
Published: June 2021

Many researches of last years specify necessity of perfection of natural science education at all levels of an education system. For more than the last two decades, Western countries have tried to advance teaching techniques of natural sciences and suggest using a constructive system instead of didactical one (Zoller, Tsaparlis, 1997). However, in general, there is little research on the secondary school learners’, university students` would-be teachers achievements, motivation for learning chemistry/physics and the peculiarities of concept and phenomenon perception. The object of research is the university students would-be teachers ability to perceive physical/chemical phenomena.
This pilot research focuses on how students would-be teachers understand such everyday phenomena as the impact of temperature on the flow of particles (diffusion), evaporation and condensation, material solution, combustion, air expansion and reduction caused by the fluctuation in temperature conditions.
Research was carried out in February-March, 2007. The students would-be teachers of Siauliai university participated in the survey. Concerning the format of the pilot research, the survey sample was limited. 87 students representing Faculty of Education were involved in research. Such sample complies with capacity requirements for the pilot research. The five tasks (phenomena: diffusion, air expansion and reduction, combustion, evaporation and condensation, solution) have been evaluated applying the proportion scale (no comments made - 0 points, a wrong option is chosen – 0.25 points, the phenomenon is perceived but failed to be fully explained – 0.5 points, the task is almost correctly completed – 0.75 points, the task is successfully accomplished – 1 point). Three experts have individually evaluated the tasks by general agreement. We can state that a total general evaluation of the accomplishment of all tasks correlates with an individual task. The high correlation coefficients show that all the tasks are basically of a similar complexity and none of them can be singled out from the whole system of 5 tasks. Research is of a local character and the reached conclusions are not applied for the whole population.
The examination and evaluation of the respondents’ results disclosed that the tasks were rather complicated and the surveyed participants' knowledge was insufficient to explain the introduced phenomena. The most unfavourable comments are made interpreting nature phenomenon 4, which is the air qualities. The respondents have failed to explain why the heated air expands and the iced air – reduces. The best results are obtained describing situation 2 which is the evaporation of heated water and condensation of cooled water vapour.
Key words: natural phenomena, science education, would-be teachers, pilot research.
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS ON GEOGRAPHY: PRINCIPLES, FORMS, A TECHNIQUE
Authors: Railienė Laima
Published: June 2021

According to scientists, assessment is tightly connecting teachers, students, parents, school administration. Teacher’s (assessor’s) role is becoming especially important because school reform has changed attitude towards assessment and has created favourable conditions for new ways of assessment. Assessment can show student’s achievement qualitative and quantitative value.
Students’ knowledge assessment shows what is known well or weak. Knowledge testing and assessing have a positive result when it is being checked systematically. But it is not good to assess only acquired knowledge. It is very important to make knowledge system, to deepen, to activate students. It is also important to find out how students use theory in practice.
If you want to assess correctly, you need to know the forms and kinds of assessment.
It is very important not to forget that students must know what they are to remember, because it is impossible to memorize everything.
All students want to get good marks. There are several reasons why students react sensitively. From marks parents judge about their child’s abilities and even future profession. On the one hand knowledge assessment gives positive emotions, on the other hand, it gives negative ones. Thus, teachers have to be very careful while checking and assessing. Students themselves need to be assessed, because they can’t know if they study well.
Geography teacher has got very wide possibilities to check students’ knowledge and skill. But the most important thing is that students’ knowledge become deeper and stronger if they are checked up systematically and interestingly.
Key words: knowledge assessment, assessment system, kinds of assessment, forms of assessment, assessment principles and criteria
THE IMPORTANCE AND EXPERIENCE OF ADDITIONAL CHEMISTRY TEACHING (LEARNING)
Authors: Salickaitė-Bunikienė Laimutė , Stankevičienė Irena , Pudžiuvelytė Erika
Published: June 2021

In this article the relationship between formal and informal teaching of students is investigated in brief. The activities of an informal teaching institution, the correspondence school for young chemists „Pažinimas“ are described. Students study in this school in sessions for two years. Study camps are organized in the summer, and important environmental topics are included: permanent effects of chemical and thermic pollution on the ecosystems of lakes, genomic research, genetically modified organisms and food products, the diversity of fauna and problems created by people, radioactivity and the surroundings, the problems posed by Ignalina NS region's radioactive pollution etc.
Key words: science education, informal teaching, young chemists.
THE CHILD IN THE ENVIRONMENT: NEW PEDAGOGICAL GUIDELINES AND APPROACHES
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: June 2021

This article is the review of the scientific monograph entitled "Pedagogical orientation of younger school children in an environment: methodological outlines" (author – dr. Eleonora Melnik). The book consists of four chapters. In the first chapter philosophical aspects of mutual relations of the human with an environment are analysed. The system approach to understanding of the development of attitudes of the human with an environment is opened. In the second chapter of the book the interdisciplinary aspect of a problem of mutual relations of the human with an environment is analysed. In the third chapter psychological and pedagogical aspects of understanding of attitudes of the human with an environment are analysed. Composition and structure of an environment of the modern human being is presented in the fourth chapter. It is emphasized, that it is very important to create the new teaching materials developed on the basis of the author's theory of mutual relations of children with an environment. The methodological basis of construction of the pedagogical orientation of children in an environment are the leading positions of philosophy based on the dialectic unity of the human and the nature.
The fourth chapter of the monograph is devoted to an environment as the scientific and pedagogical phenomenon. Here the analysis of definitions of an environment in modern sciences is very valuable, author's interpretation of different concepts is given.
Despite of some critical remarks - the monograph is unequivocally useful to readers. Is worthy also that fact, that the author in every possible way aspires to embody the ideas in a school practice.
Key words: environment, science education, system approach, pedagogical orientation.
Extraction of Text From Image
Authors: Mate Akanksha , Gurav Megha , Babar Kajal , Raskar Gauri , Kshirsagar Prof. Prakash
Published: June 2021

Picture Text is the content data implanted or written in picture of various structure. Picture text can be found in caught pictures, filtered records, magazines, papers, banners and so on These picture messages are profoundly accessible these days and they are vital in addressing, depicting and moving data which help people groups in correspondence, tackling issues, accessibility, formation of new sorts of occupations, cost viability, efficiency, globalization and social hole and so forth The data from these picture archives would give higher proficiency and straightforward entry on the off chance that it is changed over to message structure. The cycle by which Image Text changed over into plain content is Text Extraction. Text Extraction is helpful in data recovering, looking, altering, recording, filing or detailing of picture text. In any case, variety of these writings because of contrasts in size, direction style, and arrangement, text is installed in complex hued archive pictures, corrupted reports picture, inferior quality picture, as well as low picture differentiation and complex foundation make issue text extraction incredibly troublesome what's more, testing one. Various strategies like Connected Component Method, Mathematical Morphology Method, Edged Based Method and Texture Based Method have been utilized beforehand, however those all have their own constraints when estimated by various boundaries like exactness, review and f- score. In this paper, text extraction from picture reports, utilizing blend of the two amazing techniques Connected Component and Edge Based Method, to improve execution and exactness of text extraction is talked about and execution is finished by incorporated MATLAB code with MATLAB/Simulink device and the proposed framework is tried by Digital Image Binarization Competition (DIBCO) 2017 dataset. At long last, the separated and perceived is changed over to discourse for legitimate use for outwardly hindered individuals.
Analyzing and Predicting The Success of Box Office Collection of a Movie Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jatale Sanyam , Moze Rohan , Khandekar Varsha , Jain Shubham , Mokate Sanket
Published: June 2021

Our day-to-day life has always been influenced by what people think. Ideas and opinions of others have always affected our own opinions. The explosion of Web 2.0 has led to increased activity in Podcasting, Blogging, Tagging, Contributing to RSS, Social Bookmarking, and Social Networking. The motion picture industry is a multi-billion-dollar business, and there is a massive amount of data related to movies are available over the internet. The framework will foresee an estimated achievement pace of a film dependent on its productivity by dissecting verifiable information from various sources like IMDB, Rotten Tomato, Box Office Mojo and Metacritic. Utilizing distinctive AI calculations, Machine Learning Tools, and different procedures the framework will foresee a film box office benefits depending on certain highlights like caste, genre, budget, actors, and many more features. The number of movies produced in the world is growing at an exponential rate and success rate of movie is of utmost importance since billions of dollars are invested in the making of each of these movies. In such a scenario, prior knowledge about the success or failure of a particular movie and what factor affect the movie success will benefit the production houses since these predictions will give them a fair idea of how to go about with the advertising and campaigning, which itself is an expensive affair altogether. Thus, predicting the box-office will help this growing industry experts to imply some important business decisions in order to make the upcoming movie more successful.
Image Steganography
Authors: Meshram Sakshi , Nimje Pragati , Dhengre Apeksha , Bingewar Tanvi , Shende Gauri , Taban Prof. Naisha
Published: June 2021

Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet. For hiding secret information in images, there exists a large variety of stenographic techniques some are more complex than others and all of them have respective strong and weak points. Different applications have different requirements of the steganography technique used. For example, some applications may require absolute invisibility of the secret information, while others require a larger secret message to be hidden. This project intends to give an overview of image steganography, its uses and techniques. It also supports steganography in Audio files. For a more secure approach, the project encrypts the message using secret key and then sends it to the receiver. The receiver then decrypts the message to get the original one.
Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zaheer
Published: June 2021

A number of studies have already determined the existence of inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan however the role of structural breaks in determining the relationship is yet to be investigated. The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of possible structural breaks explain the existence of environmental Kuznets curve type relationship in Pakistan for the period 1980-2016 by using data of total energy consumption, Real GDP per capita, foreign direct investment and trade openness. For the analysis the study first used the conventional time series econometric methods to determine the order of integration and Cointegration in the model. Second; as it is evident from the literature that presence of structural break in the model can have a significant impact, so the study used the Zivot and Andrews unit root test with one structural break to determine the order of integration in the model and Gregory-Hansen -Cointegration method to determine the presence of structural break within Cointegration framework. The results of the study not only confirm the existence of environmental Kuznets curve in the model, it also confirms the presence of structural break in the model.
Mainstreaming security threats in physical education
Authors: Neverkovich Sergej Dmitrievich , Popova  Anastasija Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2021

The article presents the institutional model developed for the study of the security of the educational system of physical culture and sport, together with methodological analysis. Recommendations for monitoring the source of hazards in physical education are well founded. A comprehensive approach to national security in physical education has been developed.
Digital art as an integration tool general education and vocational training and student personality development
Authors: Gulayev Yuri Yuryevich , Parshina Maria Mikhailovna
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the possibility of using elements of digital art in the educational process in institutions of secondary vocational education, the impact of digital art on the integration of general education and vocational training, as well as the importance of digital art for the development of students’ personalities. The authors prepared a brief overview of existing methods of applying the elements of digital art in education, including the example of higher education, and also conducted an experiment to introduce elements of digital art into the curriculum of the discipline «Computer Science» for college students. The results of the study showed that the introduction of elements of digital art in the educational process contributes to the development of a harmonious personality of the student, the development of creative skills and the ability to work independently with information, and increases the motivation of students to study. It has been shown that digital art can also be successfully used in teaching specialties not directly related to art.
Self-education in China: history and modernity
Authors: Guangnan Jiang , Gukalenko Olga Vladimirovna
Published: June 2021

The article examines certain aspects of the development of self-education in China from ancient times to the present. The urgency of self-education is argued, taking into account the challenges of our time and the policy of the PRC to achieve the quality of education and the formation of an open intellectual society. The article presents a retrospective analysis and essential characteristics of the development of self-educational activity in the context of self-learning, self-training, self-education, individualization and informatization of education. Separate forms of organization of self-educational activity in China are revealed through the introduction of the models «Dalton-plan», «Shenben» and others. Some problems and prospects of informatization and digitalization of education, as well as online education in relation to selfeducation activities in the country are shown.
Problem of integration of digital data analytics services: teacher's competence in work with educational data
Authors: Fiofanova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2021

In the context of the development of data-based management, the transition to decision-making models based on Big Data technologies, in the context of the development of the national data management system, the issues of educational data analytics, the problems of the fragmentation of digital data analytics services, as well as the need to develop the teacher’s competencies in working with educational data. The structural and functional analysis of digital resources of educational data with which a modern teacher should work is presented. The competencies of the teacher in the field of analysis of educational data are characterized. The concept of “Pedagogy based on data” is considered as a new area of pedagogical knowledge and a methodological basis for the development of teachers' competencies in the field of data analysis. The author analyzes the possibilities of modernization and integration of digital data analytics services in the context of the implementation of the National Data Management System in Russia.
Game technologies in the study of russian as a foreign language
Authors: Chugunova Elena Nikolaevna
Published: June 2021

This work is devoted to the use of gaming technology in teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese undergraduates, at the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov at the faculty of teacher education. A typology of educational games is given. The crucial role of overcoming the language barrier in the socialization of Chinese students in Russia is emphasized. The contribution of the sociological “theory of roles” to training using game technologies is considered, and the relationship of the individual with the environment that surrounds her is shown, and how this connection is realized in the performance of various social roles. The games that we use when teaching at various levels of Russian language proficiency for the study and development of lexical and grammatical material are presented. The positive and negative aspects of the use of games in the training of foreign students are analyzed. It is concluded that the use of gaming technologies in teaching Russian as a foreign language is also an exercise for a more active form of adaptation to other new cultural life models, to mastering skills in interpersonal communication in the context of another cultural matrix, recorded primarily in the language. During the game, there is an increase in motivation for learning, interest in studying the subject is growing, activity in learning is increasing, and as a result, the level of language proficiency improves.