bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and characterization of nitrocellulose/acrylic-based coatings with precipitated silica and kaolin for packaging applications
Authors: Kavas Akarca Tuba , Karayol Merve , Yuzay Isinay E.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a multifunctional coating layer based on nitrocellulose (NC)/acrylic resins containing precipitated silica and kaolin and investigate its suitability for use in packaging applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Different loading levels (1 and 5 Wt.%) of precipitated silica or kaolin particles were incorporated into NC/acrylic-based coating formulations and applied on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. The coatings and coated LDPE films were characterized in terms of structural, physical, mechanical, thermal, optical, surface, morphological and water vapor barrier properties.

Findings

The glossiness of the coating formulations decreased by increasing the precipitated silica and kaolin content. The incorporation of kaolin (1 and 5 Wt.%) and precipitated silica (1 Wt.%) had no significant effect on the melting temperature of LDPE film; however, with the addition of 5 Wt.% precipitated silica, the melting and crystallization temperatures were significantly changed. The incorporation of 5 Wt.% precipitated silica and kaolin also enhanced the water vapor barrier properties of LDPE films. The light transmittance declined with the precipitated silica and kaolin addition, especially in the ultraviolet (UV)-A/UV-B spectrum regions indicating an excellent UV light protection.

Originality/value

It was concluded that NC/acrylic resins coatings containing precipitated silica and kaolin exhibit improved thermal stability, UV and water vapor barrier properties and have the potential for use in packaging applications.
Inclusivity as civism: theorizing the axiology of marketing and branding of places
Authors: Lucarelli Andrea
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to outline an axiology of inclusivity, which can facilitate self-reflection on the possible impact of acting and pursuing a more inclusive branding and marketing for places.

Design/methodology/approach

By deconstructing the main assumption, which constitutes the new inclusive paradigm in the marketing and branding of places as more participatory, responsible and democratic, this article tackles critical and pragmatist concerns about the political dimension and its implications for branding and marketing theories and practices in the realm of places.

Findings

The article argues that, to be understood and enacted as inclusive, branding and marketing should be seen and act as (bio)political arts of government, characterized by the impolitical as an alternative form of political praxis, whose axiological foundation is based on a particular form of civism, which offers a different mode and stance of approaching political effects and impacts for all stakeholders involved.

Originality/value

Little has been written about the political value, substance and appearance that indicate inclusivity as a fundamental notion for participation, engagement and democracy. This article contributes to the existing literature, arguing that inclusivity should be demystified, as it may present a self-fulfilling discourse that might create political problems.
Water use partitioning of native and non‐native tree species in riparian ecosystems under contrasting climatic conditions
Authors: Granda Elena , Antunes Cristina , Máguas Cristina , Castro‐Díez Pilar
Published: July 2022

One of the suggested mechanisms behind the success of non‐native plants in recipient ecosystems is competition avoidance with natives by means of different resource‐use strategies, such as deeper water uptake under dry conditions.

We aimed at evaluating water source partitioning between native and non‐native tree species coexisting in central Spain floodplains; determining the dependency on drought stress of such water sources use; and assessing if the reliance on deeper water sources relates with physiological and growth performance.

We assessed water uptake depth, leaf functional traits related to physiological performance and growth of native (Populus alba) and non‐native trees (Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia) coexisting in riparian forests under different drought conditions (drier, intermediate and wetter). We analysed δ2H and δ18O isotopes in xylem water and in soil water from top, mid and deep soil depths and determined the contribution of each water source to overall plant xylem water. Leaf traits related with resource use and secondary growth were assessed for each species.

We found stronger differences between sites than between species, with all species taking more deep water in the driest site (~45% of the xylem water) than in the wettest (~15%). However, under drier conditions, species differences were significant for top‐soil water use, with R. pseudocacia withdrawing more superficial water (~22%) than A. altissima (~8%). These results indicate stronger water partitioning under drier conditions. Non‐native species showed a physiological strategy characterized by greater leaf N, water content, and enriched δ13C and δ15N values independently of the deep‐water uptake. However, a positive relationship between deep soil water use and such strategy was found for P. alba.

We highlight that those native and non‐native species differences were more evident regarding physiological performance at leaf level than for deep‐water uptake or growth. Furthermore, our results suggest that differences in water sources used by coexisting species may increase under drier conditions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
How should we interpret lactate in labour? A reference study
Authors: Dockree Samuel , O'Sullivan Joseph , Shine Brian , James Tim , Vatish Manu
Published: July 2022

Objective

To investigate maternal lactate concentrations in labour and the puerperium.

Design

Reference study.

Setting

Tertiary obstetric unit.

Population

1279 pregnant women with good perinatal outcomes at term.

Methods

Electronic patient records were searched for women who had lactate measured on the day of delivery or in the following 24 hours, but who were subsequently found to have a very low likelihood of sepsis, based on their outcomes.

Main outcome measures

The normative distribution of lactate and C‐reactive protein (CRP), differences according to the mode of birth, and the proportion of results above the commonly used cut‐offs (≥2 and ≥4 mmol/l).

Results

Lactate varied between 0.4–5.4 mmol/l (median 1.8 mmol/l, interquartile range [IQR] 1.3–2.5). It was higher in women who had vaginal deliveries than caesarean sections (median 1.9 vs. 1.6 mmol/l, pdiff < 0.001), demonstrating the association with labour (particularly active pushing in the second stage). In contrast, CRP was more elevated in women who had caesarean sections (median 71.8 mg/l) than those who had vaginal deliveries (33.4 mg/l, pdiff < 0.001). In total, 40.8% had a lactate ≥2 mmol/l, but 95.3% were <4 mmol/l.

Conclusions

Lactate in labour and the puerperium is commonly elevated above the levels expected in healthy pregnant or non‐pregnant women. There is a paucity of evidence to support using lactate or CRP to make decisions about antibiotics around the time of delivery but, as lactate is rarely higher than 4 mmol/l, this upper limit may still represent a useful severity marker for the investigation and management of sepsis in labour.
The repeatability of standard cranial measurements on dry bones and MSCT images
Authors: Jerković Ivan , Bašić Željana , Bareša Tina , Krešić Elvira , Hadžić Anita Adamić , Dolić Krešimir , Ćavar Borić Marija , Budimir Mršić Danijela , Čavka Mislav , Šlaus Mario , Primorac Dragan , Anđelinović Šimun , Kružić Ivana
Published: July 2022

This study examined if the cranial measurements from Data Collection Procedures for Forensic Skeletal Material 2.0 are repeatable when measured in dry bones and MSCT images and if the virtual measurements correspond to the physical ones. The sample included 33 dry crania imaged by MSCT. Two observers measured dry bones, two placed landmarks on 2D and 3D MSCT reconstructions, and one conducted measurements/landmarking on both media. One of the observers for each media repeated the measurements. Technical and relative technical error of measurement (TEM and rTEM) and percentage differences were calculated to examine the repeatability of measurements and compare measuring modalities. Intraobserver rTEM was above 1.5% for six bone measurements: FOB, ZOB, OBB, NLH, DKB, MDH (1.51%–4.87%) and for seven MSCT measurements: OBH, FOB, OBB, MDH, NLB, ZOB, DKB (1.57%–5.55%). The interobserver rTEM was above the acceptable level (>2%) for 11 measurements: PAC, NLH, OBB, EKB, MAL, FOB, NLB, OBH, ZOB, DKB, and MDH (2.01%–9.34%). The percentage differences were not systematically larger for measurements taken by the same user on both modalities than those obtained by different users on the same modality. When physical and MSCT measurements were tested on sex classification standards, the proportion of crania classified as male or female did not significantly differ (p > 0.05). The study showed that physical and virtual cranial measurements could be interchangeable for developing or applying sex estimation standards. However, clarifications and adaptations are necessary for measurements of mastoid, nasal, and orbital regions that did not meet the standard criteria.
Spindle‐E is essential for gametogenesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Chen Kai , Yang Xu , Yang Dehong , Huang Yongping
Published: July 2022

As a defense mechanism against transposable elements, the PIWI‐interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway maintains genomic integrity and ensures proper gametogenesis in gonads. Numerous factors are orchestrated to ensure normal operation of the piRNA pathway. Spindle‐E (Spn‐E) gene was one of the first genes shown to participate in the piRNA pathway. In this study, we performed functional analysis of Spn‐E in the model lepidopteran insect, Bombyx mori. Unlike the germline‐specific expression pattern observed in Drosophila and mouse, BmSpn‐E was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues tested, and it was highly expressed in gonads. Immunofluorescent staining showed that BmSpn‐E was localized in both germ cells and somatic cells in ovary and was expressed in spermatocytes in testis. We used a binary transgenic CRISPR/Cas9 system to construct BmSpn‐E mutants. Loss of BmSpn‐E expression caused derepression of transposons in gonads. We also found that mutant gonads were much smaller than wild‐type gonads and that the number of germ cells was considerably lower in mutant gonads. Quantitative real‐time PCR analysis and TUNEL staining revealed that apoptosis was greatly enhanced in mutant gonads. Further, we found that the BmSpn‐E mutation impacted gonadal development and gametogenesis at the early larval stage. In summary, our data provided the first evidence that BmSpn‐E plays vital roles in gonadal development and gametogenesis in B. mori.
Haitaite‐(La), LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)Σ18O38, a New Member of the Crichtonite Group
Authors: WANG Fenggang , FAN Guang , LI Ting , GE Xiangkun , WU Yu , WANG Tao , YAO Jian
Published: July 2022

Haitaite‐(La), (La, Ce)(U4+, U6+, Fe2+)(Fe3+, Al)2(Ti, Fe2+, Fe3+)18O38, is a new member of the crichtonite group. It is named after the Haita Village in the Miyi County of Sichuan Province, China, where the mineral was discovered. The mineral occurs as black opaque centimeter‐sized aggregates in the external contact zone between the Neoproterozoic (∼800 Ma) alkali feldspar granite and the Mesoproterozoic (∼1700 Ma) micaschist. In the studied sample, haitaite‐(La) is associated with other minerals, including ilmenite, magnetite, rutile, zircon, brannerite and uraninite. The new mineral is a black, metallic phase and has a Mohs hardness of 6, with a density of 4.99 g/cm3 (calculated) and 5.03 g/cm3 (measured). Haitaite‐(La) is opaque in transmitted light and grayish‐white under reflected light, with a reflectivity between 22.5% and 16.42% in the 400–700 nm band (SiC, in the air). The compositions of the mineral were measured by EPMA, the U4+/U6+ ratio was determined by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio was determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Haitaite‐(La) is trigonal, belongs to and has unit‐cell parameters a = 10.3678(5) Å, c = 20.8390(11) Å, V = 1939.9(2) Å3, Z = 3. The crystalline structure is composed of octahedra with 9 layers of close‐packed octahedra (M1, M3, M4, M5), tetrahedra (M2) and contains large 12‐coordinated M0 sites.
Cycling Without Age: An Australian residential aged care home experience
Authors: Cyarto Elizabeth V. , Dickins Marissa , Meyer Claudia , Lowthian Judy A.
Published: July 2022

Objective

Cycling Without Age (CWA) involves taking residents on outdoor trishaw (electric bicycle) rides driven by trained ‘pilots’. This study explored the CWA experience from the perspective of residents and family members, staff and volunteer pilots from a residential aged care home in Queensland, Australia.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive design was used. Interviews were conducted with 21 participants. Transcripts were analysed thematically, with the interview questions determining a priori categories followed by coding of central themes.

Results

Several themes emerged. For residents, seeing familiar places prompted reminiscences, and being outdoors elicited positive emotions. Family members reported CWA was a novel way to be with their loved one. Enabling residents to have time away from the care home with community contact was rewarding for pilots. Staff noted improvement in residents' mood post‐ride, however, rides needed to be scheduled to fit in with their workflow.

Conclusions

Cycling Without Age was perceived to offer a unique and meaningful experience, with benefits including sharing stories, being outside, and feeling part of the community.
COVID‐19 susceptibility in endometriosis patients: A case control study
Authors: Barretta Marta , Savasta Federica , Pietropaolo Giuliana , Barbasetti Allegra , Barbera Valeria , Vignali Michele
Published: July 2022

Problem

Starting from November 2019, the world has had to face a devastating pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2. Various studies have identified potential risk factors facilitating the infection, however it has not been demonstrated whether endometriosis might represent one of them.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate if patients with endometriosis had a higher risk of contracting COVID‐19 infection and, in such case, whether they developed a more severe infection than the general population. Furthermore, this study evaluated the possible correlation with the stage of endometriosis, based on the r‐ASRM score, and the potential worsening of the disease during the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

Method of study

A case‐control study was conducted from March 2020 to April 2021 at Macedonio Melloni Hospital, in Milan. A total of 401 women were recruited. The cases were 201 women with clinical or surgical diagnosis of endometriosis. The control group consisted of 200 women, without the disease. All women completed a self‐administered questionnaire which evaluated their demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as a potential diagnosis of Covid‐19.

Results

Comparison between the two groups showed that women with endometriosis had a higher frequency of COVID‐19 than the control subjects (23% vs. 13.5%, P = .014), with a greater prevalence of fever (14.4% vs. 6%, P = .008) and myalgias or arthralgias (11.4% vs. 4.5%, P = .01).

In multivariable logistic regression analyses, women with endometriosis had a higher risk of contracting SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (OR = 2.11, 95% IC: 1.20–3.80), regardless the stage of the disease.

Conclusion

Endometriosis increases the susceptibility to COVID‐19, and women who suffer from it should be considered as fragile patients, worthy of prior access to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination campaign.
Technology and technique for left ventricular assist device optimization: A Bi‐Tech solution
Authors: Tarzia Vincenzo , Ponzoni Matteo , Giammarco Gabriele Di , Maccherini Massimo , Maiani Massimo , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Bagozzi Lorenzo , Marinelli Daniele , Apostolo Anna , Bernazzali Sonia , Ortis Helena , Mauro Michele Di , Bortolussi Giacomo , Sani Guido , Bottio Tomaso , Scuri Silvia , Livi Ugolino , Alamanni Francesco , Gerosa Gino
Published: July 2022

Background

We investigated the synergistic effect of the new cone‐bearing design of Jarvik 2000 (Jarvik Heart Inc., NY) together with a minimally‐invasive approach to outcomes of LVAD patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all patients from 5 institutions involved in the Jarvik 2000 Italian Registry, from October 2008 to October 2016. Patients were divided into three groups according to pump design and implantation technique: pin‐bearing design and conventional approach (Group 1); cone‐bearing and conventional approach (Group 2); cone‐bearing and minimally‐invasive implantation (Group 3).

Results

A total of 150 adult patients with end‐stage heart failure were enrolled: 26 subjects in Group 1, 74 in Group 2, and 50 in Group 3. Nineteen patients (73%) in Group 1, 51 (69%) in Group 2, and 36 (72%) in Group 3 were discharged. During follow‐up, 22 patients underwent transplantation, while in 3 patients the LVAD was explanted. The overall 1‐year survival was 58 ± 10%, 64 ± 6%, and 74% ± 7% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (p = 0.034). The competing‐risks‐adjusted cumulative incidence rate for adverse events was 42.1 [27–62.7] per 100 patient‐years in Group 1, 35.4 [25.3–48.2] in Group 2, and 22.1 [12.4–36.4] in Group 3 (p = 0.046 for Group 1 vs. 3).

Conclusions

The association of the modern cone‐bearing configuration of Jarvik 2000 and minimally invasive surgery improved survival and minimized the risk for cardiovascular events, as a result of combining technology and technique.
Development of a Touchable Replica for Inclusive Experiences of Religious Artifacts
Authors: Melendreras Ruiz Rafael , Marín Torres María Teresa , Sánchez Allegue Paloma
Published: July 2022

The main objective of this article is to introduce a first inclusive experience in a conventional museum that so far only exhibits religious sculptures and its evaluation by blind and partially sighted persons. For this reason, it was decided to develop a multisensory experience aimed at blind and partially sighted people, taking advantage of the potential of new 3D scanning and printing technologies. The experience is centered on a touchable replica of the bust of the Cristo de la Sangre, a masterpiece of the Baroque highly revered in Murcia. The complete process of the development of the replica is shown, form design and manufacturing, both combining technology and tradition. Apart from touch sense, the experience incorporates detailed audio descriptions and smells, to provide valuable extra information. Also, radio mobile technologies such as beacons, are used for guiding purposes. Blind and partially sighted people play an active role in this project, both in the design and validation of the experiences.
针对老年人的博物馆活动研究与综述
Authors: 敏 梁
Published: July 2022

在美国和其他国家, 老年人在人口中的占比越来越大。但是, 博物馆专业人员普遍更擅长策划和评估针对年轻人的活动。本文对老年人活动研究和描述进行综述, 从而为博物馆专业人员提供活动开发、改进和评估的范本。通过梳理过去30年的信息, 审阅142项活动的来源、环境、受众、方法、类型和效果, 作者归纳出五种主要活动类型, 分别是: 回忆活动、基于实物的活动、艺术活动、讲故事活动和讲座活动, 同时发现了诸多对参与者的益处。老年人活动最常见的效果是增加社交和改善情绪。综述结果显示, 许多对博物馆活动策划和研究有借鉴意义的老年人活动案例都来自于健康行业。本文也讨论了这些活动对博物馆研究和实践的启示。
以課程為基礎的互動式展覽設計與家庭學習經驗: 台北蘇荷兒童美術館個案研究
Authors: Lee Tiffany Shuang‐Ching
Published: July 2022

「實作學習」和「遊戲學習」兩個關鍵詞，是博物館用以描述專門為兒童及家庭所設計的互動式學習環境。以台北蘇荷兒童美術館⟨CAMIT⟩「角度大不同⟨A Vastly Different Perspective⟩」展覽做為個案進行研究，本研究檢視此兒童美術館如何設計互動式展覽，以及參觀者的學習經驗。本研究顯示，對CAMIT設計團隊而言，最具挑戰性的問題是如何將美術教室中呈現的藝術概念加以轉譯成為互動美術展場的經驗。本研究進一步顯示，家長在展場中擔任「 學習者」和學習「促進者」角色，這兩個角色在參觀過程中會彈性地轉換。 本研究結論建議兩個面向，值得CAMIT及與其相似的兒童互動展場在未來加以關注: 第一，測試新的展覽設計策略，幫助兒童與其家庭能夠在展場中更投入參與。第二，實驗新的輔助方式，幫助家長能夠促進他們的孩子在互動展場中的學習。
Considerations to inform minimum slide numbers to maintain cytology triage screening competencies
Authors: Nuttall David
Published: July 2022

Currently, UK cervical screening programmes operate a 3000 minimum slide threshold for cytology screening staff. Post implementation of primary human papillomavirus (pHPV) testing, cytology screening will decrease substantially—by 85%–90%, depending on the HPV positivity rate. This report outlines revised minimum workload proposals that are arguably better suited to modern laboratory cervical screening services.
Substance use in the emergency department: Screening for risky drug use, using the ASSIST‐Lite
Authors: Stevens Matthew W. R. , Harland Jennifer , Alfred Sam , Ali Robert L.
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Substance use is a common contributing factor to emergency department (ED) presentations. While screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for alcohol and tobacco is common in ED settings, it is not routinely conducted for illicit substances. This study aimed to deploy the ASSIST‐Lite to screen for risky use of alcohol and other drugs in the ED, to identify differences in risk based on between demographic characteristics.

Method

All ED attenders, aged 18 years or older, deemed well enough to participate were approached. Recruitment occurred at the Royal Adelaide Hospital ED between May and June 2017. Participants were asked to self‐complete the ASSIST‐Lite in the ED waiting room. Overall, 632 people were approached, of which 479 (75.8%) agreed to participate.

Results

Alcohol (72.2%), tobacco (27.1%) and cannabis (15.2%) were most commonly reported. Eighty‐nine participants reported moderate‐ or high‐risk use of two substances, and a further 49 individuals reported moderate‐ or high‐risk use of three or more substances. Across most substances, age, gender and employment status was associated with risky substance use, with higher likelihood of risk reported by males, unemployed and younger participants. Unemployment was also significantly associated with increased risk severity for both moderate and high‐risk illicit use.

Discussions and Conclusions

The rate of risky illicit and polysubstance use found here highlight the need more focused research in ED settings. The findings also provide support for more routine screening, and early intervention approaches; and suggest the need for active referral pathways through an alcohol and other drug consultation liaison service.
Improved K‐means algorithm for clustering non‐spherical data
Authors: He Honglei , He Yuxuan , Wang Fang , Zhu Wenming
Published: July 2022

As one of the commonly used data mining algorithms, K‐means has the advantage of fast clustering speed, but the disadvantage is that it is less effective for clustering non‐spherical data. An improved K‐means algorithm (IK‐means) is proposed to enhance clustering efficiency for non‐spherical data. The original dataset is clustered into a relatively larger number of high‐density sub‐clusters, and the final result is obtained by merging connected sub‐clusters respectively. The connectivity among sub‐clusters is evaluated by the sub‐clusters density and the nearest distance class between sub‐clusters. By testing on University of California, Irvine(UCI) datasets and several other artificial simulation datasets, the comparison of proposed IK‐means algorithm against DBSCAN, KGFCM shows its clustering capability for data of arbitrary shape. The clustering Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) value for 72,000 sizes data is 24% higher than DBSCAN, and 95.2% higher than KGFCM. For larger datasets, the IK‐means algorithm is faster than DBSCAN and KGFCM.
Impact of medication reviews on drug‐related problems (DRPs) in older patients living in nursing homes in West Occitania
Authors: Zacarin Alice , Gonzales Cyrielle , Nigon Delphine , Piau Antoine , Bagheri Haleh
Published: July 2022

Despite several guidelines for preventing potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older, their prescription rates remain high (25%). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of medication reviews (MRs) on the drug‐related problems (DRPs) in older patients in Elderly Residential Care Homes (nursing homes [NHs]). DRP was defined as an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes. We conducted a retrospective study on 2819 residents of the 46 NHs between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. Drug prescription was analysed according to European EU(7)‐PIM list and START/STOPP list. We then linked each PIM to an appropriate type of DRP. Three months later, we requested the ‘updated’ drug prescriptions to assess whether the recommendations had been followed. A total of 17 850 prescription lines were registered. A DRP was identified for 25% of them. Following the second request, 13 NHs (28%) responded. About 26% (n = 1188) of the overall prescriptions lines identified as a DRP involved these 13 NHs, which resulted in a recommendation being made during the first MR. Data from the second MR suggested that 53.9% (n = 640) of recommendations were followed with the requested change: 32.0% involved drug withdrawal (n = 381), 9.7% concerned dose adjustment (n = 115) and 6.5% required drug changes (n = 77). Our results show the benefit impact of MR on the quality of drug prescription in older NH residents. MRs should be one of the tools used to improve drug prescriptions in the elderly.
Shifts in fish community composition and structure linked to seasonality in a tropical river
Authors: Duarte Cleber , Antão Laura H. , Magurran Anne E. , de Deus Cláudia P.
Published: July 2022

The seasonality of tropical rivers, induced mainly by water level changes, shapes many interrelated aspects of ecological communities and the populations they contain, including animal movement, feeding, growth, and reproductive activity. However, the role played by seasonality in structuring the diversity of tropical assemblages is not yet fully understood.

We examined the effects of seasonality on community structure and composition of benthic fish assemblages comparing two consecutive receding and rising water seasons in a major tributary of the Amazon basin. We quantified seasonal shifts in species abundance distributions and in composition using a multivariate dispersion test, total β diversity and its decomposition into local (LCBD) and species contribution to β diversity (SCBD). Additionally, we tested for relationships between LCBD values and richness, total abundance, and environmental variables.

Many benthic fish species were rare in terms of numerical abundance. Rarity was most pronounced in the rising seasons, which had a higher proportion of singletons. A logseries was the best‐fit model for both the receding and one of the rising season's species abundance distributions, while a lognormal was selected for the second rising season. We detected variation in species composition between seasons—the rising seasons were distinct from one another in terms of species composition, as well as differing from the receding seasons. LCBD showed strong negative relationships with species richness and total abundance, particularly in the rising seasons, indicating that seasons with high uniqueness in their composition also had low richness and abundance. LCBD was negatively correlated with temperature, while depth presented a positive relationship, as observed mainly in rising seasons with colder temperatures and greater water depth. Approximately one third of the species had higher than average SCBD values and were considered major contributors to β diversity.

These significant seasonal differences in both species relative abundances and assemblage composition might be explained by the asymmetrical spatial use of habitats during different seasons, strongly suggesting the importance of the flood–pulse cycle for maintaining diversity in this environment.

Studies that seek to identify the species inhabiting a particular environment (e.g. bottom rivers habitats) and the factors that affect the dynamics, structure and composition of these communities are fundamental for future management and conservation. This is particularly urgent for understudied tropical freshwater ecosystems, as human pressures including anthropogenic climate change are expected to become increasingly severe. Rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns modify water temperature and flow regimes, thus affecting the hydrologic regime that determines the structure and dynamics of the ecological communities, with potential consequences for their integrity.
Upconversion thermal enhancement of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ and blue emission of impurity Tm3+ in Sr3(PO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+
Authors: Cui Hongqiang , Cao Yongze , Li Ying , Li Lei , Zhang Yuhang , Li Guojian , Wang Yichao , Li Xiangping , Chen Baojiu
Published: July 2022

A series of Sr2.99‐x(PO4)2:.01Er3+/xYb3+ (x = .02, .04, .06, .08, .10) phosphors in the presence of impurity Tm3+ were synthesized by high temperature solid‐state method, and X‐ray diffraction results show that these samples are pure R‐3 m(166) space group phase. The upconversion luminescence (UCL) of Er3+ and impurity Tm3+ under 980‐nm laser excitation were investigated, and the results show that the intense blue UCL of impurity Tm3+ and thermal enhancement of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ simultaneously exist. When Er3+ doping concentration is kept at .01, both the blue UCL intensity of impurity Tm3+ and green and red UCL intensity of Er3+ reach the maximum at Yb3+ doping concentration of .08. The thermal enhancement effect of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ was observed as high as 3.27 times from 303 to 723 K, which is because of lattice distortion and phonon‐assisted transition. In addition, the optical temperature performance of Sr2.91(PO4)2:.01Er3+/.08Yb3+ sample was studied, and the maximum absolute temperature sensitivity was calculated as .00623 K−1 at 538 K. This study suggests that Sr3(PO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors in the presence of impurity Tm3+ have a promising application prospect as optical temperature sensor at high temperature.
Literature review of international empirical research on transfer of vocational education and training
Authors: Toepper Miriam , Zlatkin‐Troitschanskaia Olga , Kühling‐Thees Carla
Published: July 2022

Although the practice of transferring vocational education and training (VET) structures internationally has a long tradition, there is still a lack of systematic research in this field. The various theoretical models and empirical approaches applied to analyse the transfer of the internationally very heterogeneous VET systems result in a strong fragmentation of the research landscape. Hence, consolidation and synthesizing efforts in international VET transfer research are required. This study focuses on the empirical research on VET transfer, analysing the impact and the evidential quality of the study results, and their significance. In this systematic literature review, a total of 231 relevant studies were found and of these, 26 studies were selected for full‐text analysis based on predefined criteria. These empirical studies were analysed in a two‐step procedure. First, the studies were classified into predefined superordinate categories (e.g., year, research objective, method, sample, participating countries, central result). Second, they were analysed in more depth following an integrative framework based on a research pyramid model and a model for assessing the quality of qualitative research. This critical twofold analysis of the current relevant literature indicates that there is extensive research on international VET transfer. So far, this field of research is characterized by case studies with predominantly qualitative designs and analysis methods. More methodological diversity, which includes longitudinal studies and comparative analyses, is important to this field to provide more well‐founded research outcomes in the future. These, in turn, could provide practical and political actors with an evidence‐based foundation for their decision‐making. By identifying the specific strengths and shortcomings of the empirical research on VET transfer, we reveal central desiderata and derive recommendations on how to strengthen future research and evidence‐based VET practice.
An empirical analysis of the constructs of Fundamentals of Care Framework using structural equation modelling
Authors: Blackman Ian , Mudd Alexandra
Published: July 2022

Aim

First, to identify which aspects of missed care accurately define the integration of care and context of care dimensions of the Fundamentals of Care Framework. Second, to test the Framework for validity and reliability and lastly, to explore how leadership influences care integration.

Design

A non‐experimental research design using self‐audit data collected information about variations in nursing care as exemplars for dimensions of the Framework.

Methods

A multi‐variate approach using path analysis was used to apply the consensus scores of 3079 Australian residential care nurses and carers to define the dimensions of the Framework.

Results/Findings

In the Australian residential care setting, the factors that define both the contexts of care and the integration of care dimensions constructs are now empirically established. The most direct predictor for the integration of care dimension arises from both the leadership and resource allocation variables, while the remaining context of care factors have indirect but significant effects. The integration of psychosocial care in the residential care sector is not influenced by any of the Framework's context‐based factors.

Conclusion

The component variables of the Framework show both good reliability and convergent validity. These findings confirm a predictive relationship exists between the elements of the context of care and the different types of nursing activities that form the integration of the care dimension, including organizational leadership.
Process mining the trajectories for adolescent‐to‐mother violence from longitudinal police and health service data
Authors: Peck Allison , Provost Steve , East Leah , Hutchinson Marie
Published: July 2022

Aim

The aim was to discover longitudinal trajectories and patterns of events preceding adolescent‐to‐mother family violence in a geographic locale in Australia.

Design

This was a retrospective case series.

Methods

Routinely collected administrative data were sourced and linked from police and health service electronic records for adolescents born between 1994 and 2006 who had been issued a legal action for a family violence‐related offence (n = 775). A time‐stamped log of events from birth (where available) was created. Process mining was employed to discover dominant events and trajectories in the log from birth until adolescents' first recorded offence against their mother.

Results/Findings

Most adolescents in the case series offended against mothers (63%, n = 486). Trajectory analysis confirmed dominant early childhood events were repeated exposure to parental intimate partner violence (P‐IPV), parental drug and/or alcohol use and neglect. During early adolescence, pathways towards adolescent‐to‐mother violence involved other offending, drug and/or alcohol use and mental health service contact.

Conclusion

The trajectories evidenced provide a complex picture of the emergence of adolescent‐to‐mother violence. From an early intervention perspective, it was found that many children and mothers were identifiable from police records in early childhood, at an average age of 35 months. Responses to adolescent family violence need to acknowledge the impact of childhood trauma and emerging mental health problems, along with strategies to mitigate the effect of P‐IPV on mother‐to‐child relationships.

Impact

This is the first large‐scale study to specifically examine trajectories from birth for adolescents who engage in violence towards mothers. The findings have important implications for the design and delivery of early intervention childhood services and interagency collaboration in nursing and midwifery services. In early adolescence, contact with mental health services represents an opportunity for screening and support interventions. This is an important preventive timepoint for family violence, adolescent drug and alcohol use and other offences.
Didn't put a label on it: Examining intimate partner strangulation within a diagnostic framework
Authors: Patch Michelle , Anderson Jocelyn C. , Alexander Kamila A. , Somoano Frank A. , Kelen Gabor , Holbrook Debra S. , Campbell Jacquelyn C.
Published: July 2022

Aims

The aim was to examine and describe women's emergency department visits and care‐seeking experiences, including recognition, evaluation and communication of symptoms, injuries and health risks after non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation.

Design

Using a diagnostic process framework, this mixed‐methods study explores concordance and discordance of interview and medical records data to highlight opportunities for clinical diagnostic improvement.

Methods

In‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with women after an emergency department visit for non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation, concurrent with medical records reviews, were conducted between March 2018 and January 2019. A constant comparative approach was used to analyse interview and medical record data using an a priori codebook designed based on the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine's conceptual model of the diagnostic process and prior intimate partner violence research.

Results

Interviews reflected participants did not have a sense of long‐term health risks from their strangulation beyond addressing emotional trauma. Women noted that forensic and emergency nursing support was treatment in and of itself that allowed them to be heard and validated. Medical record clinical impressions and final diagnoses included domestic violence, domestic abuse or sexual assault, but not specifically strangulation.

Conclusion

This study contributes to the growing literature regarding strangulation diagnosis and care. Our findings provide new details of women's emergency department care‐seeking experiences which, whilst overall aligned with medical records documentation, were not reflected in final diagnostic impressions nor in patient recollection of long‐term health risks.

Impact

Nurses are strongly positioned as clinical practice leaders and policy advocates to improve collective responses to this dangerous violence mechanism. Actions such as improving patient education, referral and follow‐up options to better communication and address long‐term strangulation risk are one example. Further research on non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation and care‐seeking is warranted to expand this knowledge, particularly in longitudinal cohorts and varied geographical areas.
Combining multiaspect factors to predict the risk of childhood hypertension incidence
Authors: Tong Jishuang , An Xizhou , Zhao Li , Qu Ping , Tang Xian , Chen Min , Liang Xiaohua
Published: July 2022

Childhood hypertension has become a global public health issue due to its increasing prevalence and association with cerebral‐cardiovascular disease in adults. In this study, we developed a predictive model for childhood hypertension based on environmental and genetic factors to identify at‐risk individuals. Eighty children diagnosed with childhood hypertension and 84 children in the control group matched by sex and age from an established cohort were included in a nested case–control study. We constructed a multiple logistic regression model to analyze the factors associated with hypertension and applied the 10‐fold cross‐validation method to verify the prediction stability of the model. Childhood hypertension was found positively correlated with triglyceride level ≥150 mg/dL; low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥110 mg/dL; body mass index Z score; waist‐to‐height ratio Z score; and red blood cell count (all P < .01) and negatively correlated with the relative expression level of retinol acyltransferase; relative expression level of vitamin D receptor; and dietary intake of fiber, vitamin C and copper (all P < .05) in this study. BMI Z score, triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL, RBC count, VDR/β‐actin and LRAT/β‐actin ratios were used to construct the predictive model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 94.45% (95% CI = 89.35%∼98.65%, P < .001). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were all above 80% in both the training and validation sets. In conclusion, this model can predict the risk of childhood hypertension and could provide a theoretical basis for early prevention and intervention to improve the cardiovascular health of children.
Effects of oyster mushroom addition on quality characteristics of full fat soy‐based analog burger patty by extrusion process
Authors: Cho Sun Young , Ryu Gi Hyung
Published: July 2022

The effects of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) addition on quality characteristics of full fat soy (FFS) and isolated soy protein (ISP)‐based analog burger patties by extrusion process were compared and investigated. Oyster mushroom added to the base mixtures (FFS and ISP) as different levels (0%, 4%, 8%, and 12%), which were texturized by using the twin‐screw extruder equipped with cooling die. After extrusion cooking, in comparison on meat analogs and its analog burger patty, ISP‐based meat analog had the higher textural properties including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness than FFS‐based meat analog. Textural properties of ISP‐based meat analog consistently also increased with the increase in oyster mushroom contents (p < .05), while FFS‐based meat analog had the inconstant patterns in the springiness and cohesiveness, and it obtained the higher cutting strength than ISP‐based. In contrast, in its analog burger patty, the consistent patterns exhibited in all the FFS‐based. Moreover, FFS‐based had the higher textural properties (p < .05) with cutting strength than ISP‐based burger patty. The highest water holding capacity, cooking properties, and organoleptic properties were also observed in FFS‐based analog burger patty with 12% oyster mushroom content except meat patty. Overall, this study suggested that the addition of the oyster mushroom into the analog burger patties improved the overall quality, and FFS could be possible to potential alternative of soy material for analog burger patty.

Practical Applications

Plant‐proteins for analog burger patty are the high cost and required with several steps for purifying process. In addition, meat analog commonly exhibits the weak texture, and almost tasteless, which has resulted in the use of excessive seasoning, flavoring, adding the binding agent. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) has played an important role as additive which could enhance the texture and organoleptic quality of analog burger patty by using the high moisture extrusion technology. This work demonstrated that addition of oyster mushroom into the full fat soy‐based formation that has health benefits, cost effectiveness and environmentally friendly could offer the high‐quality burger patty to the consumers who might have concern of negative issues on meat as well as vegetarian.
Multidisciplinary and neuroimaging findings in preterm born very low birthweight individuals from birth to 28 years of age: A systematic review of a Norwegian prospective cohort study
Authors: Evensen Kari Anne I. , Aakvik Kristina Anna Djupvik , Hollund Ingrid Marie Husby , Skranes Jon , Brubakk Ann‐Mari , Indredavik Marit S.
Published: July 2022

Background

Children born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW) face long‐lasting neurodevelopmental challenges, where multidisciplinary assessments are warranted. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework for understanding and conceptualising these outcomes.

Objectives

We aimed to review clinical and neuroimaging findings from birth to adulthood in a Norwegian cohort of individuals born preterm with VLBW (gestational age <37 weeks, birthweight ≤1500 g) within the framework of ICF.

Data Sources

We searched PubMed and Embase for articles reporting results of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Low Birth Weight in a Lifetime Perspective study.

Study Selection and Data Extraction

We included original articles reporting proportions of adverse outcomes, mean group differences, risk factors or associations between outcomes. Data were extracted according to ICF's two‐level classification. Body functions and structures comprised outcomes of brain structures, cognition, mental health, vision, pain and physical health. Activities and participation comprised motor skills, general and social functioning, education, employment, and health‐related quality of life.

Synthesis

We performed a qualitative synthesis of included articles. Where mean (SD) was reported, we calculated group differences in SD units.

Results

Fifty‐eight publications were included. Within body functions and structures, increased prevalence of brain structure pathology, lower cognitive performance, mental health problems, visual and physical health impairments through childhood, adolescence and young adulthood were reported among preterm VLBW participants compared with controls. Within activities and participation, motor problems, lower general and social functioning, and lower academic attainment were found. Perinatal factors were associated with several outcomes, and longitudinal findings suggested persistent consequences of being born preterm with VLBW.

Conclusions

Being born preterm with VLBW has long‐term influences on body functions and structures, activities and participation. The ICF is appropriate for assessing general domains of functioning and guiding the management of individuals born preterm with VLBW.
Effects of dietary boron supplementation on the testicular function and thyroid activity in male goats: Involvement of CYP17A1 gene
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Ahmed , Ibrahim Shawky S. , El‐Anwar Ahmed H. , Mabrook Eid A. , Ibrahim Taha B. , Abdel‐Razik Abdel‐Razik H.
Published: July 2022

The physiological effects of dietary boron (B) supplementation for farm animals specifically goat on male fertility are still scarce and need deep investigation. Thus, the current study was designed to investigate how adding B to the diet of male goats affected their testicular and thyroid activity. For that purpose, twelve male goats were divided randomly into two groups (six animals each); control group that was fed the basal diet and B group that was fed the basal diet containing 70 mg B/kg diet for 6 months. Serum samples were collected at different intervals, while testicular biopsies were obtained at the end of the experiment. The results showed that 6 months of dietary B supplementation resulted in a significant increment in serum B concentration. The results of repeated measure analysis showed that there were significant GROUP and TIME × GROUP interactions effects on blood testosterone levels (F = 119.408, p = .000 and F = 6.794, p = .013, respectively), demonstrating that compared with control, B supplementation caused a significant rise in serum testosterone levels over time. However, the mean animal body weights and the serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were kept comparable with the control ones at the different time points. The most striking finding is that B supplementation increased significantly the mRNA expression of the CYP17A1 which is essential for steroidogenesis (p < .001). In addition, a histological examination of testicular tissue corroborated our findings and demonstrated that B supplementation had a positive effect. As a result, B might be considered an excellent food supplement that could be safely added to the male goats' diet at the current dose to improve their reproductive capacity.