bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gold nanocrystal anchored In2O3 hollow nanospheres for N2 photofixation to ammonia
Authors: Han Ri , Chang Shufang , Xu Xiaoxiang
Published: June 2020

Hollow In2O3 nanospheres anchored with Au nanocrystals have been fabricated and are active for N2 photofixation into ammonia. Hollow microstructures and Au nanocrystals improve light absorption and N2 adsorption and boost charge generation in In2O3.
One-electron oxidative dehydrogenative annulation and cyclization reactions
Authors: Bao Xiazhen , Jiang Wei , Liang Jia , Huo Congde
Published: June 2020

This review focuses on the recent advances in one-electron oxidation involved oxidative dehydrogenative annulations and cyclizations for the intermolecular and intramolecular construction of valuable ring structures.
Nickel–cobalt bimetallic sulfide NiCo2S4 nanostructures for a robust hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media
Authors: Aftab Umair , Tahira Aneela , Mazzaro Raffaello , Morandi Vittorio , Ishaq Abro Muhammad , Baloch Muhammad Moazam , Yu Cong , Ibupoto Zafar Hussain
Published: June 2020

There are many challenges associated with the fabrication of efficient, inexpensive, durable and very stable nonprecious metal catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Reverse shape selectivity of hexane isomer in ligand inserted MOF-74
Authors: Suh Bong Lim , Kim Jihan
Published: June 2020

The ligand inserted Mg-MOF-74 structure leads to a reverse selectivity effect (i.e. phenomenon that preferentially allows larger species molecules to permeate in a gas mixture) of hexane isomers in the resulting material.
Bio-molecule functionalized rapid one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their efficacy toward the multidrug resistant (MDR) gut bacteria of silkworms (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Some Sudip , Sarkar Biraj , Biswas Kinkar , Jana Tushar K. , Bhattacharjya Debjoy , Dam Paulami , Mondal Rittick , Kumar Anoop , Deb Apurba K. , Sadat Abdul , Saha Soumen , Kati Ahmet , Ocsoy Ismail , Franco Octavio L. , Mandal Amitava , Mandal Sukhendu , Mandal Amit Kumar , İnce İkbal Agah
Published: June 2020

We aimed to synthesise bio-molecule functionalized silver nanoparticles using leaf extract from mulberry variety S-1635 (Morus alba L.) and to explore its antibacterial effect on multidrug resistant gut bacteria isolated from natural infection observed from silkworm larvae.
Directed holey and ordered g-C3N4.5 nanosheets by a hard template nanocasting approach for sustainable visible-light hydrogen evolution with prominent quantum efficiency
Authors: Antil Bindu , Ranjan Ravi , Gopinath Chinnakonda S. , Deka Sasanka
Published: June 2020

Ordered honeycomb-like mesoporous carbon nitride nanosheets with excess nitrogen (g-C3N4.5) were developed, which afford exclusive photocatalytic H2 evolution from water.
Engineering trace AuNPs on monodispersed carbonized organosilica microspheres drives highly efficient and low-cost solar water purification
Authors: Cui Ranran , Wei Jilei , Du Cui , Sun Shasha , Zhou Chen , Xue Huaiguo , Yang Shengyang
Published: June 2020

The as-prepared AuNPs@silica/FFP (GSP) membrane displays strong and reusable performance for highly efficient water desalination and decontamination.
RuCo alloy bimodal nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon: a superior pH-universal electrocatalyst outperforms benchmark Pt for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Zhu Yinlong , Chen Yu , Lu Yizhihao , Lin Qian , Zhang Lian , Tao Shanwen , Zhang Xiwang , Wang Huanting
Published: June 2020

Benefiting from the unique structure and composition, a superior hybrid composed of RuCo alloy bimodal nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon exhibits exceptional HER activities in all pH conditions, outperforming the benchmark Pt/C catalyst.
Potassium ions promote electrochemical nitrogen reduction on nano-Au catalysts triggered by bifunctional boron supramolecular assembly
Authors: Zhao Xue , Yang Ziqiong , Kuklin Artem V. , Baryshnikov Glib V. , Ågren Hans , Wang Wenjing , Zhou Xiaohai , Zhang Haibo
Published: June 2020

Sustainable ambient electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction has become a goal pursued by scientists, herein the potassium ion can effectively improve the E-NRR activity of Au anchored on the functional carrier.
Continuous phase regulation of MoSe2 from 2H to 1T for the optimization of peroxidase-like catalysis
Authors: Liu Daomeng , Wang Daquan , Jing Xunan , Zhao Xiaoping , Xi Duo , Dang Dongfeng , Meng Lingjie
Published: June 2020

Simultaneous and synergistic modulation of the crystal phase and disorder in MoSe2 to dramatically enhance their peroxidase-like activity.
Co-delivery of antigens and immunostimulantsviaa polymersome for improvement of antigen-specific immune response
Authors: Lim Jong-Woo , Na Woonsung , Kim Hyun-Ouk , Yeom Minjoo , Kang Aram , Park Geunseon , Park Chaewon , Ki Jisun , Lee Sojeong , Jung Bud , Jeong Hyoung Hwa , Park Daewon , Song Daesub , Haam Seungjoo
Published: June 2020

Bilayer spherical polymersome based adjuvants promote the antigen cellular uptake into antigen-presenting cells. The administration of polymersome loading OVA and MPLA induce the secretion of cytokines by macrophage activation and elicit potent antigen-specific antibody responses.
Self-immolative polymers in biomedicine
Authors: Xiao Yue , Tan Xuyu , Li Zhaohui , Zhang Ke
Published: June 2020

Biomedical use cases for self-immolative polymers.
Recent research and development of local anesthetic-loaded microspheres
Authors: Wei Yi , Wu Youbin , Wen Kang , Bazybek Nardana , Ma Guanghui
Published: June 2020

This review introduces the recent research and development in local anesthetic-loaded microsphere, as efficient microspheres formulation, the efficient microspheres: optimum preparation method, high loading efficiency, and ideal release rate.
Monochromatic light driven synthesis and growth of flat silver nanoparticles and their plasmon sensitivity
Authors: Scardaci Vittorio , Pulvirenti Mario , Condorelli Marcello , Compagnini Giuseppe
Published: June 2020

The size and shape of metal nanoparticles play a key role in most of their technological applications because they determine their optical properties in the UV-vis-NIR range as well as their interaction with molecules in the surroundings.
Materials for the photoluminescent sensing of rare earth elements: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Crawford Scott E. , Ohodnicki Paul R. , Baltrus John P.
Published: June 2020

A range of materials are evaluated for their ability to detect and quantify rare earth elements via luminescence techniques.
High-performance self-powered ultraviolet photodetectors based on mixed-dimensional heterostructure arrays formed from NiO nanosheets and TiO2 nanorods
Authors: Cao Rui , Xu Jianping , Shi Shaobo , Chen Jing , Liu Ding , Bu Yichen , Zhang Xiaosong , Yin Shougen , Li Lan
Published: June 2020

The morphology and geometry of semiconductors will affect the photoresponse performance of mixed-dimensional heterojunction photodetectors (PDs).
Isomerization enhanced quantum yield of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for highly efficient orange OLEDs
Authors: Zhou Changjiang , Chen Wen-Cheng , Liu He , Cao Xiaosong , Li Nengquan , Zhang Youming , Lee Chun-Sing , Yang Chuluo
Published: June 2020

Highly efficient orange/red OLED emitters are obtained with isomerization enhanced quantum yields.
A beginner’s guide to RT-PCR, qPCR and RT-qPCR
Authors: Adams Grace
Published: June 2020

The development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for which Kary Mullis received the 1992 Novel Prize in Chemistry, revolutionized molecular biology. At around the time that prize was awarded, research was being carried out by Russel Higuchi which led to the discovery that PCR can be monitored using fluorescent probes, facilitating quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). In addition, the earlier discovery of reverse transcriptase (in 1970) laid the groundwork for the development of RT-PCR (used in molecular cloning). The latter can be coupled to qPCR, termed RT-qPCR, allowing analysis of gene expression through messenger RNA (mRNA) quantitation. These techniques and their applications have transformed life science research and clinical diagnosis.
Hsa_circ_0003732 promotes osteosarcoma cells proliferation via miR-545/CCNA2 axis
Authors: Li Li , Kong Xiang-an , Zang Mousheng , Dong Jisheng , Feng Yingqi , Gui Binjie , Hu Yong
Published: June 2020

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high fatality rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous noncoding RNA that have been verified to participate in cancer pathophysiological processes. We aim to investigate the roles of circRNAs in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. In the present study, we showed that hsa_circ_0003732 was up-regulated in OS tissues and elevated level of hsa_circ_0003732 was linked to poor prognosis of OS patients. Functional investigation indicated that hsa_circ_0003732 promoted proliferation of OS cells. Furthermore, we identified miR-545 as the hsa_circ_0003732-associated microRNA and CCNA2 was a direct target of miR-545. In addition, hsa_circ_0003732 could elevate CCNA2 expression via miR-545, resulting in the promotion of OS cells proliferation. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that hsa_circ_0003732 promotes OS cells proliferation via miR-545/CCNA2 axis and imply hsa_circ_0003732 may be a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target for OS.
Regulation of Actg1 and Gsta2 is possible mechanism by which capsaicin alleviates apoptosis in cell model of 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Liu Hong , Zhao Zhenxiang , Wang Jianfeng , Guo Dandan , Liu Yiming
Published: June 2020

The present study aimed to identify the gene expression changes conferred by capsaicin in the cell model of 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease, to disclose the molecular mechanism of action of capsaicin. We used capsaicin-treated and paraffin-embedded wax blocks containing substantia nigra tissue from 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease rats to analyze transcriptional changes using Affymetrix GeneChip Whole Transcript Expression Arrays. A total of 108 genes were differentially expressed in response to capsaicin treatment, and seven of these genes were selected for further analysis: Olr724, COX1, Gsta2, Rab5a, Potef, Actg1, and Acadsb, of which Actg1 (actin gamma 1) was down-regulated and Gsta2 (Glutathione S-transferase alpha 2) was up-regulated. We successfully overexpressed Actg1 and Gsta2 in vitro. CCK-8 detection and flow cytometry demonstrated that overexpression of Actg1 and Gsta2 increased apoptosis in the 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease cell model. The imbalance between Actg1 and Gsta2 may be one of the mechanisms of cell damage in Parkinson's disease (PD). Capsaicin can protect the cells and reduce the apoptosis rate by regulating Actg1 and Gsta2.
Potential targets and molecular mechanism of miR-331-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis
Authors: Chi Qingjia , Geng Xinge , Xu Kang , Wang Chunli , Zhao Han
Published: June 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumor. miR-331-3p has been reported relevant to the progression of HCC, but the molecular mechanism of its regulation is still unclear. In the study, we comprehensively studied the role of miR-331-3p in HCC through weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Oncomine. WGCNA was applied to build gene co-expression networks to examine the correlation between gene sets and clinical characteristics, and to identify potential biomarkers. Five hundred one target genes of miR-331-3p were obtained by overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the TCGA database and target genes predicted by miRWalk. The critical turquoise module and its eight key genes were screened by WGCNA. Enrichment analysis was implemented based on the genes in the turquoise module. Moreover, 48 genes with a high degree of connectivity were obtained by protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis of the genes in the turquoise module. From overlapping genes analyzed by WGCNA and PPI, two hub genes were obtained, namely coatomer protein complex subunit zeta 1 (COPZ1) and elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2 (EFTUD2). In addition, the expression of both hub genes was also significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues, as confirmed by analysis based on TCGA and Oncomine. Both hub genes were correlated with poor prognosis based on TCGA data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validated that both hub genes exhibited excellent diagnostic efficiency for normal and tumor tissues.
Dexmedetomidine exerts neuroprotective effects during high glucose-induced neural injury by inhibiting miR-125b
Authors: Hou Xiaolai , Xu Fenlan , Zhang Cheng , Shuai Jianzhong , Huang Zhenhua , Liang Yu , Xu Xiaoyan
Published: June 2020

Diabetic neuropathy (DNP) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus affecting approximately 50% of diabetes patients. Studying the effect of potential drugs with antioxidant properties and minimal toxicities on neural cells may lead to the development of new and safe pharmacotherapy. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, is a clinically used sedative also known to have neural protection effect. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of DEX in high glucose (HG)-induced neural injury and its potential miRNA-related mechanisms. Our results showed that DEX exerted neuroprotective effects during high glucose-induced damage to PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. DEX restored cell viability and repressed LDH, Caspase-3 activity, ROS production, and cell apoptosis in HG-treated PC12 cells. MiR-125b-5p was significantly up-regulated in PC12 cells upon HG treatment and it was demonstrated as an target for DEX. The neuroprotective effects of DEX on HG-induced cellular injury were reversed through miR-125b-5p overexpression, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a direct targeted of the miR-125b-5p. Together, our results indicate that DEX displays neuroprotective effects on PC-12 cells under high glucose through regulating miR-125b-5p/VDR axis. Our findings might raise the possibility of potential therapeutic application of DEX for managing diabetic neuropathy neural injuries.
Circular RNA FUNDC1 improves prediction of stroke associated infection in acute ischemic stroke patients with high risk
Authors: Zuo Lei , Li Cai , Zu Juan , Yao Honghong , Yan Fuling
Published: June 2020

Identifying those patients who were at high risk of stroke associated infection (SAI) for preventive antibiotic therapy was imperative for patients’ benefits, thus improving prediction of SAI was critical for all acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Circular RNA FUNDC1 (circFUNDC1) has been reported to be the diagnosis and prognosis biomarker of AIS. Therefore, the present study aimed to figure out whether circFUNDC1 could be the potential predictor of SAI that could help to guide preventive treatment. In total, 68 patients were included in the study, 26 of which had infection and 42 without. Copy number of circFUNDC1 in plasma were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Platelet spike-in experiment and correlation analysis were conducted to explore possible origins of circFUNDC1 in plasma. A significantly elevated level of circFUNDC1 was found in SAI patients compared with not infected AIS patients (P=0.0258). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated the prediction significance of circFUNDC1, with the area under the curve (AUC) at 0.6612 and sensitivity, specificity at 69.23%, 61.90% respectively in predicting SAI. Then, when adding circFUNDC1 in the risk model, the AUC increased from 0.7971 in model A to 0.8038 in model B. Additionally, positive correlation was observed between circFUNDC1 level and neutrophils counts. WBC and neutrophil ratios were significantly elevated in SAI patients compared with non-SAI patients. Therefore, circFUNDC1 could be used to construct a risk model for the prediction of SAI that is beneficial for AIS patients’ preventive treatment.
UPR modulation of host immunity by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Bedi Brahmchetna , Lin Kuo-Chuan. , Maurice Nicholas M. , Yuan Zhihong , Bijli Kaiser , Koval Michael , Hart C. Michael , Goldberg Joanna B. , Stecenko Arlene , Sadikot Ruxana T.
Published: June 2020

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive multiorgan autosomal recessive disease with devastating impact on the lungs caused by derangements of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Morbidity and mortality are caused by the triad of impaired mucociliary clearance, microbial infections and chronic inflammation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main respiratory pathogen in individuals with CF infecting most patients in later stages. Despite its recognized clinical impact, molecular mechanisms that underlie P. aeruginosa pathogenesis and the host response to P. aeruginosa infection remain incompletely understood. The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ (PPARγ), has shown to be reduced in CF airways. In the present study, we sought to investigate the upstream mechanisms repressing PPARγ expression and its impact on airway epithelial host defense. Endoplasmic reticulum-stress (ER-stress) triggered unfolded protein response (UPR) activated by misfolded CFTR and P. aeruginosa infection contributed to attenuated expression of PPARγ. Specifically, the protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK) signaling pathway led to the enhanced expression of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding-protein homologous protein (CHOP). CHOP induction led to the repression of PPARγ expression. Mechanistically, we showed that CHOP induction mediated PPARγ attenuation, impacted the innate immune function of normal and ∆F508 primary airway epithelial cells by reducing expression of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and paraoxanse-2 (PON-2), as well as enhancing IL-8 expression. Furthermore, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production (mt-ROS) and ER-stress positive feedforward loop also dysregulated mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, our findings implicate that PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PIO) has beneficial effect on the host at the multicellular level ranging from host defense to mitochondrial re-energization.
Advances and surprises in a decade of oocyte meiosis research
Authors: Mogessie Binyam
Published: June 2020

Eggs are produced from progenitor oocytes through meiotic cell division. Fidelity of meiosis is critical for healthy embryogenesis – fertilisation of aneuploid eggs that contain the wrong number of chromosomes is a leading cause of genetic disorders including Down’s syndrome, human embryo deaths and infertility. Incidence of meiosis-related oocyte and egg aneuploidies increases dramatically with advancing maternal age, which further complicates the ‘meiosis problem’. We have just emerged from a decade of meiosis research that was packed with exciting and transformative research. This minireview will focus primarily on studies of mechanisms that directly influence chromosome segregation.
Voice–Gender Incongruence and Voice Health Information–Seeking Behaviors in the Transgender Community
Authors: Kennedy Evan , Thibeault Susan L.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Voice–gender incongruence has predominantly been investigated in the past through the perspective of feminine-identifying individuals seeking feminine-sounding voices. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-reported voice–gender incongruence in the transgender, nonbinary, and gender-nonconforming (TNG) community and to describe health information–seeking behaviors exhibited when individuals attempt to address their voice and communication challenges.

Method

An online survey was designed with questions targeting the self-reported prevalence of voice–gender incongruence, characteristics of this complaint, and health information–seeking behaviors. Valid standardized measures, including the Voice Handicap Index and the Barriers to Help-Seeking Scale, were also included.

Results

Four hundred five participants were sorted into three groups based on gender identity (feminine, masculine, gender-neutral) to facilitate comparative analysis. Ninety-six percent of participants reported the experience of voice–gender incongruence in the past, and 88% reported that they currently experience voice–gender incongruence. There were no significant differences in reported voice–gender incongruence between groups. Voice Handicap Index scores were significantly higher for those who currently experience voice–gender incongruence (
p
< .0001) and reflected differences in how much this concern bothers participants, as rated on a Likert scale, ranging from
no problem
to
a very big problem
(
p
< .0001). Barriers to Help-Seeking Scale scores indicated that the masculine group perceived greater barriers to seeking help as compared to the feminine group.

Discussion

We present foundational evidence for the prevalence of voice–gender incongruence within the TNG community and barriers encountered when individuals attempt to access care. Future work should investigate the specific needs of subgroups within the TNG community and whether those who desire feminine-, masculine-, and/or androgynous-sounding voices experience voice–gender incongruence and access to services differently.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12462422
Applying Item Response Theory Modeling to Identify Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
Authors: Yuan Haiying , Dollaghan Christine
Published: June 2020

Purpose

No diagnostic tools exist for identifying social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD), a new
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
category for individuals with social communication deficits but not the repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests (RRBIs) that would qualify them for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored the value of items from a widely used screening measure of ASD for distinguishing SPCD from typical controls (TC; Aim 1) and from ASD (Aim 2).

Method

We applied item response theory (IRT) modeling to Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime (
Rutter, Bailey, & Lord, 2003
) records available in the National Database for Autism Research. We defined records from putative SPCD (
n
= 54), ASD (
n
= 278), and TC (
n
= 274) groups retrospectively, based on National Database for Autism Research classifications and Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised responses. After assessing model assumptions, estimating model parameters, and measuring model fit, we identified items in the social communication and RRBI domains that were maximally informative in differentiating the groups.

Results

IRT modeling identified a set of seven social communication items that distinguished SPCD from TC with sensitivity and specificity > 80%. A set of five RRBI items was less successful in distinguishing SPCD from ASD (sensitivity and specificity < 70%).

Conclusion

The IRT modeling approach and the Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime item sets it identified may be useful in efforts to construct screening and diagnostic measures for SPCD.
Effect of multi-pass friction stir processing on thermal distribution and mechanical properties of AZ91
Authors: Fashami Hoda Agha Amini , Arab Nasrollah Bani Mostafa , Gollo Mohammad Hoseinpour , Nami Bahram
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the effect of multi-pass friction stir processing on mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy has been studied. For this purpose, the microhardness, tensile, and creep tests were conducted at several temperatures. Optical microscopy and scanning electron micrograph were used to study the microstructure of the processed samples. The experimental results indicated that at room temperature, the microhardness, tensile, and creep strength of the processed samples as compared to the unprocessed ones increased by 23%, 29%, and 38%, respectively. Also, after friction stir processing, the tensile and creep strength of the samples at 210 °C increased by 31% and 47%. In addition, a three-dimensional model was developed to simulate two-pass friction stir processing using ABAQUS/Explicit software. This model involved the Johnson-Cook models for defining material behavior during the process and identifying the fracture criterion. To control the mesh distortion during consecutive passes, the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian technique was used. Using the developed model, the peak temperature, thermal distribution, and residual stress field during multi-pass friction stir processing on AZ91 have been studied. The empirical results indicated the beneficial influence of the multi-pass friction stir processing on the microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy.
Combined Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within
C-reactive Protein (CRP) and Environmental Parameters on Risk and Prognosis for
Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis Patients
Authors: Wang Shanjin , Xu Haowei , Zhou Ningfeng , Zhao Weidong , Wu Desheng , Shen Bin
Published: June 2020

Purpose This study was aimed to discover the combined effects of single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and
potential environmental factors on the risk and prognosis for diabetic foot
osteomyelitis (DFO).

Methods A total of 1734 diabetes mellitus patients, 681 with DFO and 1053
without DFO, were successfully recruited, as well as 1261 healthy control
individuals. Participants data were recorded regarding age, gender, smoking and
drinking history, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, cacosmia, and ulceration.
A total of 11 SNPs within the CRP gene were designated for exploration, by
logistic regression analyses, of how they might interact with environmental
factors to affect susceptibility to DFO.

Results Frequencies of smoking and drinking, and incidence of
hypertension, cacosmia, or ulceration displayed marked differences (all
P<0.05) between DFO and non-DFO patients. Furthermore, allele G
of rs11265260 (A>G), allele G of rs1800947 (C>G), and allele T
of rs3093059 (T>C) and rs1130864 (C>T) exhibited a trend to
increase risk of DFO (all P<0.05). Allele G of rs11265260
(A>G), allele G of rs1800947 (C>G) and rs3093068 (G>C),
and allele T of rs1130864 (C>T) were significant predictors of poor
prognosis among DFO patients (P<0.05). In addition, genotypes of
rs11265260 (i.e., GG and AG), rs1800947 (i.e., CG and GG), rs3093059 (i.e., TT)
and rs113084 (i.e., CT and TT) amplified the influence of smoking, alcohol
consumption, cacosmia, and ulceration on progression from non-DFO to DFO (all
γ>1).

Conclusion Genetic mutations within CRP functioned interactively with
external factors to affect DFO risk.
Männer mit depressiven Erkrankungen in der stationären Behandlung: Bedarf und Behandlungsziele aus Sicht psychiatrischer Fachkräfte
Authors: Stiawa Maja , Müller-Stierlin Annabel , Staiger Tobias , Kilian Reinhold , Becker Thomas , Götzl Christian , Gündel Harald , Beschoner Petra , Grinschgl Achim , Frasch Karel , Schmauß Max , Krumm Silvia
Published: June 2020

Ziel der Studie Befragung psychiatrischer Fachkräfte zu geschlechtsspezifischen Bedarfen depressiver Männer und Behandlungsziele für die stationäre Versorgung.

Methodik Semistrukturierte Interviews.

Ergebnisse Männergruppen ermöglichen die Reflexion von Geschlechtsrollenerwartungen. Aktivitätsbezogene Angebote helfen betroffenen Männern, ihre Leistungsfähigkeit einzuschätzen und bieten Erfolgserlebnisse. Sie sind im Behandlungsspektrum unzureichend abgebildet.

Schlussfolgerung Die Bedeutung normativer Rollenerwartungen sollte in der Ausbildung psychiatrischer Fachkräfte berücksichtigt werden.
Einfluss beruflicher Problemlagen auf den Beschäftigungsstatus sechs Monate nach stationärer neurologischer Rehabilitation
Authors: Flemmer Stella , Boltzmann Melanie , Schmidt Simone , Rollnik Jens D.
Published: June 2020

Ziel der Studie Durch die Identifikation beruflicher Problemlagen (BPL) können frühzeitig berufsbezogene Maßnahmen in die neurologische Rehabilitation integriert und somit die Return-to-Work-Rate erhöht werden. In der vorliegenden Studie soll untersucht werden, ob zu Rehabilitationsbeginn identifizierte BPL mit dem Erwerbsstatus sechs Monate nach Abschluss stationärer neurologischer Rehabilitation assoziiert sind.

Methodik Aus der Klinikdatenbank wurden retrospektiv 122 Rehabilitanden ausgewählt, die in der BDH-Klinik Hessisch Oldendorf eine Anschlussrehabilitation absolvierten. Berufliche Problemlagen wurden mittels Selbstbeurteilung (Würzburger Screening [WS]) und einer ICF-konformen ärztlichen Einschätzung („d850“) zu Rehabilitationsbeginn identifiziert. Zusätzlich wurden sechs Monate nach Abschluss der Rehabilitation Daten zur aktuellen beruflichen Situation der Patienten erhoben.

Ergebnisse Zu Beginn der Rehabilitation wiesen 25% der Rehabilitanden eine hohe BPL und 26% der Rehabilitanden eine sehr hohe BPL auf. Zum Katamnesezeitpunkt sechs Monate nach Abschluss der stationären Rehabilitation waren 63% der Rehabilitanden mit hohen oder sehr hohen BPL erwerbstätig. Die Return-to-Work-Rate lag insgesamt bei 73%. Während die im WS identifizierte BPL mit dem Erwerbsstatus zum Katamnesezeitpunkt assoziiert war (r = −0,288; p = ,007), gab es keinen Zusammenhang zwischen der ärztlichen Einschätzung der beruflichen Beeinträchtigung und dem Erwerbsstatus. In binär logistischen Regressionsmodellen zur Vorhersage des Erwerbsstatus erwiesen sich die Dauer der Arbeitsunfähigkeit, das Alter, das Geschlecht und die leistungsmedizinische Beurteilung zu Rehabilitationsende als Prädiktoren für den Erwerbsstatus.

Schlussfolgerung Berufliche Problemlagen sind mit dem Erwerbsstatus sechs Monate nach stationärer neurologischer Rehabilitation assoziiert. Da diese in der Behandlungsplanung berücksichtigt werden, wird der Einfluss auf die Return-to-Work-Rate in der aktuellen Untersuchung möglicherweise unterschätzt.
Den Trainingsreiz richtig setzen – Refresher: Trainingsprinzipien
Authors: Donath Lars , Faude Oliver
Published: June 2020

„Trainingsprinzipien spielen vor allem im Sport eine große Rolle“ – so die Meinung vieler Therapeuten. Ein Grund, warum die Prinzipien in der täglichen Praxis nur unzureichend berücksichtigt werden. Doch die Wissenschaft zeigt, dass sie auch in nichtleistungssportlichen Settings wie der klinischen Bewegungstherapie relevant sind und zunehmend gefordert werden. Die Sportwissenschaftler Prof. Dr. Lars Donath von der Sporthochschule Köln und Dr. Oliver Faude von der Uni Basel haben die wichtigsten Prinzipien geprüft.
Erstes virtuelles Themenscout-Treffen
Authors: Wilck Andrea
Published: June 2020

Normalerweise planen, diskutieren, grübeln, verwerfen und scherzen wir an einem Tisch – wir Themenscouts aus ganz Deutschland zusammen mit den Redakteuren der physiopraxis.
The Relationship Between the Impairment of Endothelial Function and
Thyroid Antibodies in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients with
Euthyroidism
Authors: Hu Yanjin , Yao Zhi , Wang Guang
Published: June 2020

Endothelial dysfunction is the important early step in the development of
atherosclerosis. Hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and
other thyroid disease is one of the risk factors of endothelial dysfunction. The
present study tried to investigate the endothelial function and its associated
factors in Hashimoto thyroiditis with euthyroidism. A total of 95 newly
diagnosed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients with euthyroidism and 45
healthy controls were studied. Hashimoto’s patients were divided into 3
subgroups namely, single thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) positive subgroup, single
thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positive subgroup, and both TGAb and TPOAb
positive subgroup. Endothelial function was tested by the reactive hyperemia
index (RHI). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients had lower RHI than healthy
controls (1.73±0.42 vs 1.96±0.51, p<0.05).
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with single TGAb positive patients had higher
RHI than single TPOAb positive (1.98±0.57 vs. 1.69±0.33,
p<0.05) and TGAB + TPOAb positive patients (1.98±0.57
vs. 1.68±0.42, p<0.05). RHI were negatively associated with
total cholesterol (TC, r=−0.215, p<0.05), low density
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, r=−0.268, p<0.05),
triglyceride (TG, r=−0.192, p<0.05), and TPOAb
(r=−0.288, p<0.05). In the regression analysis, LDL-C
(β=−0.146, p<0.05), TG
(β=−0.034, p<0.05) and TPOAb
(β=−0.001, p<0.05) were independently associated
with RHI. Hashimoto’s patients had poor endothelial function. TPOAb
levels were negatively associated with endothelial function.
Extending the Concept of Advance Care Planning to the Perinatal
Period
Authors: Garten Lars , von der Hude Kerstin , Strahleck Thomas , Krones Tanja
Published: June 2020

Easier access to prenatal diagnostic procedures led to its widespread use as a
screening measure. Hence, today it is more common for life-limiting illnesses to
be diagnosed during fetal life. The concept of Advance Care Planning (ACP)
provides a framework for caregivers, families and their multidisciplinary teams
to anticipate and plan ahead for potential future medical decisions so that the
affected children are reliably treated according to their parents’
individual values and wishes. In the perinatal context, ACP also has the
potential to tackle the needs of unborn or newborn children with life-limiting
illnesses and their families better, avoid unnecessary and burdensome measures
and focus upon goals that are valuable and meaningful to both child and
family.
Effect of echoendoscope angle on success of guidewire manipulation during endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy
Authors: Ogura Takeshi , Nishioka Nobu , Ueno Saori , Yamada Tadahiro , Yamada Masanori , Imoto Akira , Hakoda Akitoshi , Higuchi Kazuhide
Published: June 2020

Background With endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS), guidewire manipulation might be a critically limiting step for nonexperts. However, the causes of difficult guidewire manipulation remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with successful guidewire manipulation.

Methods This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent EUS-HGS between October 2018 and October 2019. We measured scope angle between the long and needle axes of the echoendoscope using still fluoroscopic imaging immediately after puncturing the intrahepatic bile duct. Factors associated with successful guidewire insertion were assessed by multivariable analysis using logistic regression.

Result The influence of the angle between the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) needle and echoendoscope on failed guidewire insertion was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Area under the ROC curve was 0.86 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.00 – 0.76), and an angle of 135° offered 88.0 % sensitivity and 82.9 % specificity for predicting successful guidewire insertion. According to multivariable analysis, only angle between the FNA needle and echoendoscope > 135° was independently associated with successful guidewire insertion (odd ratio 0.03, 95 %CI 0.01 – 0.14; P < 0.05), whereas sex, puncture site, and diameter of puncture site were not significant factors. After multivariable analysis, all variables were adjusted using age ≥ 70 or < 70 years, yielding the same results.

Conclusion The angle between the FNA needle and echoendoscope might be associated with successful guidewire manipulation during EUS-HGS. Adjusting this angle to 135° before puncturing the intrahepatic bile duct might be helpful in achieving successful guidewire manipulation during EUS-HGS.
Fluctuation suppression in microgels by polymer electrolytes
Authors: Pasini S. , Maccarrone S. , Székely N. K. , Stingaciu L. R. , Gelissen A. P. H. , Richtering W. , Monkenbusch M. , Holderer O.
Published: June 2020

Structural details of thermoresponsive, cationically poly(N-iso-propylacrylamide-co-methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) microgels and the influence of the anionic electrolyte polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) on the internal structure and dynamics of the cationic microgels have been studied with a combination of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy. While SANS can yield information on the overall size of the particles and on the typical correlation length inside the particles, studying the segmental polymer dynamics with NSE gives access to more internal details, which only appear due to their effect on the polymer motion. The segmental dynamics of the microgels studied in this paper is to a large extent suppressed by the PSS additive. Possible scenarios of the influence of the polyanions on the microgel structure and dynamics are discussed.
Broadband cloaking of multiple truncated cylinders in water waves using the arrangement defects
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , He Guanghua , Wang Wei , Liu Shuang , Wang Zhengke
Published: June 2020

Cloaking based on scattering cancellation is investigated for a surface-piercing truncated cylinder surrounded by several annularly arranged small truncated cylinders in water waves. The cloaking condition of a body in water waves corresponds to the absence of scattered waves radiating to infinity; that is, the cloaked structure appears invisible to a far-field observer. The effects of three kinds of defects of the outer cylinders on cloaking are considered: a radial location defect, a circumferential location defect, and a size defect. The higher-order boundary element method is combined with the wave interaction theory to accurately study this wave–structure interaction problem. Both the scattered wave energy of the entire structure and the wave drift force on the inner cylinder are calculated and analyzed for the different defects. The symmetry of the defect effects and the cloaking-wavenumber offset caused by a radial position defect of the entire outer cylinder array are first identified. The radial location defect is successfully adopted to control the cloaking frequencies over a wide band.
Rheological manifestation of microstructural change of colloidal gel under oscillatory shear flow
Authors: Park Jun Dong , Rogers Simon A.
Published: June 2020

The rheological manifestation of intra-cycle microstructural change of a model colloidal gel under oscillatory shearing is studied with Brownian dynamics simulation and a fully quantitative sequence of physical process (SPP) technique. The microstructural change of the model colloidal gels is identified with the rigidity concept and correlated with the rheological behavior quantified via the SPP metrics. The model colloidal gel exhibits complex nonlinear stress response in the large amplitude oscillatory shearing (LAOS), which is divided into four physical processes: viscoplastic flow, recovery network structure, early stage yielding with rupture of a few bonds, and late stage yielding accompanying catastrophic structure failure. For each process, the SPP metrics that represent rheological transitions are successfully paired to microstructural changes that are discussed in terms of rigid to soft chain structure change or vice versa. Based on our findings, we further discuss the intra-cycle rheological transition at various oscillatory shearing conditions. We show that larger deformations do not necessarily lead to a broader range of intra-cycle rheological transitions and also that the rigid chain structure affects elasticity differently in floppy and stiff networks. Our study shows that the SPP analysis is a promising tool for microstructure-rheology consistent interpretations of nonlinear rheological behavior.
Evidence of 2D intersubband scattering in thin film fully depleted silicon-on-insulator transistors operating at 4.2 K
Authors: Cassé Mikaël , Cardoso Paz Bruna , Ghibaudo Gérard , Poiroux Thierry , Vincent Emmanuel , Galy Philippe , Juge André , Gaillard Fred , de Franceschi Silvano , Meunier Tristan , Vinet Maud
Published: June 2020

We report the observation at low temperature of a hump in the linear transfer characteristic of a thin film fully depleted silicon-on-insulator transistor when a positive bias is applied on the back gate under the buried oxide. This decrease in the current is correlated with the transition from one-subband to two-subband conduction. Electron mobility measurements and calculations are in good agreement with the occurrence of intersubband scattering in carrier transport in the two-dimensional inversion layer.
Streamwise evolution of drag reduced turbulent boundary layer with polymer solutions
Authors: Shah Y. , Yarusevych S.
Published: June 2020

The effect of local polymer solution injection on the evolution of a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer has been investigated experimentally. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) solutions were injected through an inclined slot. The influence of polymer injection on boundary layer development downstream of the slot is assessed at three different concentrations (100 ppm, 500 ppm, and 1000 ppm) using planar velocity field and concentration measurements. A local drag reduction (DR) of up to 60% was obtained in the vicinity of the slot. A systematic change observed in the inverse of the von Kármán constant (k = 1/κ) with an increase in DR is used to define the sub-regimes of the high DR regime, and a linear relation between k and DR is shown to persist over a wide range of Reynolds numbers. The analysis of combined velocity and concentration measurements provides added insight into the associated changes in the boundary layer characteristics and the underlying flow physics.
Representation of anisotropic magnetic characteristic observed in a non-oriented silicon steel sheet
Authors: Upadhaya B. , Perkkiö L. , Rasilo P. , Belahcen A. , Handgruber P. , Arkkio A.
Published: June 2020

This article presents a modified Jiles–Atherton hysteresis model for a weakly anisotropic non-oriented silicon steel sheet. In a toroidal inductor, the magnetic flux density can point toward any direction compared to the sheet orientation, and the hysteresis model should take this into account. We identify the model parameters independently for unidirectional alternating B(H)-characteristics in seven different directions. Then, we construct an anisotropic hysteresis model, where the model parameters can depend on the magnitude and direction of the applied magnetic flux density. We demonstrate that the parameters identified in the rolling and transverse directions of the silicon steel sheet (M400-50A) are sufficient to describe the hysteresis losses in other directions.
Easy integrable refractometer for liquids on extended surfaces
Authors: Trierweiler Manuel , Peterseim Tobias , Neumann Cornelius
Published: June 2020

Conventional Abbe refractometers are used to determine the refractive index (RI) of liquid samples placed on a prism surface by critical angle evaluation. However, the use of this method is limited to the investigation of fluids in a laboratory environment. With the purpose of monitoring fluids attaching to extended planar surfaces, a different method is required. We present a RI monitoring device for plates of any given geometry. The proposed method can easily be integrated into a variety of applications using the area of interest as a waveguide for optical radiation. The developed refractometer is tested with sucrose solutions of varying RIs ranging from 1.355 68 to 1.430 80 with an LED source at 589 nm. By implementing a calibration method using standardized solutions, the average uncertainty for the RI determination is 1.6 × 10−3. Compared to the values measured by a state-of-the-art refractometer, the maximum deviation is 0.13%.
On the microscopic origins of relaxation processes in aqueous peptide solutions undergoing a glass transition
Authors: Weigler M. , Combarro-Palacios I. , Cerveny S. , Vogel M.
Published: June 2020

We combine broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with 1H and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study molecular dynamics in mixtures of ε-polylysine with H2O or D2O. In BDS, four relaxation processes can be attributed to molecular dynamics. While the fastest process P1 obeys the Arrhenius law, the slowest process P4 shows prominent non-Arrhenius behavior typical of structural α relaxation. For the intermediate processes P2 and P3, the temperature dependence changes at the glass transition temperature Tg. The 1H and 2H NMR results yield insights into the molecular origins of these relaxation phenomena. In these NMR analyses, we exploit, in addition to the isotope selectivity of the method, the possibility to distinguish between various types of motion based on their respective line-shape effects and the capability to single out specific molecular moieties based on different spin–lattice relaxation behaviors. In this way, we reveal that process P1 results from the rotation of side and end groups of the peptide, while process P2 is caused by a reorientation of essentially all water molecules, which are quasi-isotropic and survive well below Tg. As for the peptide backbone dynamics, we find evidence that rotational motion of polar groups is involved in process P3 and that nonpolar regions show a dynamical process, which is located between P3 and P4. Thus, the NMR analyses do not yield evidence for coexisting fast peptide-decoupled and slow peptide-coupled water species, which contribute to BDS processes P2 and P3, respectively, but minor bimodality of water motion may remain undetected. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proton/deuteron exchange needs to be considered when interpreting experimental results for molecular dynamics in aqueous peptide solutions.
Origins of infrared transparency in highly conductive perovskite stannate BaSnO3
Authors: Smirnov Y. , Holovsky J. , Rijnders G. , Morales-Masis M.
Published: June 2020

Near-infrared absorption in transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) is usually caused by electronic intraband transition at high doping levels. Improved infrared transparency is commonly explained by enhanced drift mobility in these TCOs. Here, an alternative cause behind the high infrared transparency of La-doped barium stannate (LBSO) transparent electrodes is presented. Following the Drude model formalism, we reconstructed spectrally resolved dielectric permittivity for a set of thin films with different free electron concentrations. A comparison of optical properties of LBSO with the tin-doped indium oxide thin films with identical carrier concentrations suggests that the redshift of the screened plasma wavelength for LBSO originates from its large high-frequency dielectric constant of 4.4, one of the highest reported for the s-orbital-based TCOs. Moreover, our measurements confirm an optical mobility significantly higher (>300 cm2/V s) than the drift mobility, effectively suppressing the free carrier absorption. These factors enable high infrared transparency of LBSO films and motivate further exploration of LBSO as broadband TCOs for solar cells and nanophotonics.