bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-monotonic effect of growth pressure on the responsivity of AlGaN ultraviolet Schottky detectors
Authors: Huang Yujie , Yang Jing , Liu Zongshun , Liang Feng , Wei Jia , Zhao Degang
Published: October 2023

Three AlGaN-based Schottky detector samples grown with varying pressure conditions are prepared and their responsivity is investigated. It is found that the responsivity of the three samples first increases and then decreases with the increase of pressure. In addition, the vacancy defect concentration increases and carbon impurities concentration decreases when the reactor pressure increases from 100 mbar to 200 mbar during the i-AlGaN layer growth. It is assumed that carbon impurities and vacancy defects play a negative role in detector’s performance, which increase the recombination of photogenerated carriers and reduce detector responsivity. The relationship between growth pressure and detector responsivity is not linear. It is necessary to select a suitable growth pressure to improve the performance of AlGaN detectors.
Design of a Broadband Polarization Controller Based on Silicon Nitride-Loaded Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Authors: Ctyroky Jiri , Petracek Jiri , Richter Ivan , Kuzmiak Vladimir
Published: October 2023

A novel design of a polarization controller based on “etch-less” Si₃N₄-loaded thin film LiNbO₃ is described. Broadband operation in the spectral range between 1.45 and 1.65 µm is achieved by using a mode evolution TM/TE splitter/converter, two mode evolution 3 dB couplers, and two electro-optic phase shifters. Numerical simulations show that a single TE-mode output can be adjusted by applying control voltages lower than 10 V for an arbitrary input polarization state.
Realization of an integrated photonic platform for coherent photo-electric processing
Authors: Youngblood Nathan , Kari Sadra Rahimi , Nobile Nicholas , Shah Vivswan , Pantin Dominique
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we demonstrate an integrated, coherent approach to processing temporally multiplexed optical signals using a modular dot-product unit cell. We use these unit cells to demonstrate multiply accumulate operations on real- and complex-valued inputs using coherent detection and temporal integration. We then extend this to computing the covariance between stochastic bit streams which can be used to estimate correlation between data streams in the optical domain. Finally, we demonstrate a path to scaling up our platform to enable general matrix-matrix operations. Our approach has the potential to enable highly efficient and scalable optical computing on-chip for a broad variety of AI applications.
Hate Letters to Miss Kendra: Will you Reply?, Written and Performed by Nicole Ventura, Vanessa Arthur, Katrina Sanyal, Alicia Stephen and Erinn Webb, with Art by Emily Kneis, Directed by Alicia Stephen and Erinn Webb
Authors: Rothman Amanda , Shamir Opher
Published: October 2023

Review of: Hate Letters to Miss Kendra: Will you Reply?, Written and Performed by Nicole Ventura, Vanessa Arthur, Katrina Sanyal, Alicia Stephen and Erinn Webb, with Art by Emily Kneis, Directed by Alicia Stephen and Erinn Webb

NADTA 43rd Annual Conference, Miss Kendra Program & Post Traumatic Stress Center, San Diego, California, 4 November 2022.
Gender equality in academic governance: Organizational approaches and collective attitudes
Authors:   , Solano Cahuana Iris Laudith
Published: October 2023

In Latin America and the Caribbean region, female presence at governance boards accounts for only thirteen (12.7) percent (Credit Suisse Research Institute, 2021). This dissertation focuses on Colombian public universities, because they have one of the lowest female representations at boards despite being listed as organizations regulated by the national gender quota. Not to mention the notorious mismatch in terms of compliance between official and empirical data. Thus, further assessments were needed to determine the actual state of affairs among these organizations. Also, to inform future organizational practices, the analysis concentrates on cases that have already achieved gender parity. Main Findings • The recurrent designation of women in directive positions that entail supportive rather than leading function reflects an underlying gendered ideology emanating from critical actors in charge of the direct appointment of directive staff. These figures of authority are usually represented by men in U1 as opposed to the state of affairs in U2, which has been historically led by women. • The extended academic and administrative communities of both cases support both policies and non-compulsory gender equality initiatives and actions, but among interviewees (staff members at the directive level) the enactment of equality policies was mainly supported by women. • Findings are a combination of the historical background of the universities, the unintended effects of specific requirements to obtain tenure, potentially biased perceptions of critical actors at the directive level towards female aspirants to directive roles and towards organizational gender policies directive roles. • Gender-differentiated divisions of work and functions persist even inside organizations with high female representation at governance boards. • Women in selected cases do not self-exclude from high responsibility roles, in fact, most of them described a deliberately pursuit of directive roles even at the expense of their household responsibilities. Still, their professional trajectories appear to be more entangled than the trajectories described by the male participants. • In the two observed cases, women’s scarcity at the top of the hierarchy is not truly a matter of inadequacy or lack of interest from female staff members, nor is it a matter of collective rejection towards female leaders – for positions involving public polls. In this sense, the enactment of an organizational gender quota with strong enforcement mechanism, would be an excellent way to make sure that during the next appointment of directive staff, the distribution is more balanced between men and women. But the outcomes would be ever better when combined with other approaches to equality focused exclusively on gender.
Abstract 3746: A high dose priming strategy with the novel RNAi therapeutic GS-10 elevates RISC Ago2, Ago4 and GW182 protein levels to enhance RNAi efficacy in a metastatic solid tumor model.
Authors: Nacusi Lucas P , Korman Vicci L , Pretti Alex J , Tobolt Diane K , Mendoza Alvaro , Unger Gretchen
Published: October 2023

A high initial priming dose of the novel RNAi therapeutic GS-10 was investigated as a strategy to elevate important RISC complex proteins that have the potential to increase efficacy of subsequent RNAi treatment regimens in solid tumor cancers. GS-10 is a tumor-targeted 20 nm crystalline capsule bearing single-stranded RNAi oligos against Protein Kinase CK2 (CK2), and a ligand-coated shell derived from Tenascin-C (tenfibgen). Tenascin-C is upregulated in multiple solid tumors, and is a promising targeting ligand for tumors throughout their lifecycle. The ultrasmall capsule size enables efficient raft-mediated delivery of oligos to the perinuclear space of the target cell, and the ability to reach metastases without reliance on EPR. To date, strategies for RNAi-treatment of solid tumor cancers have been sub-optimal due to, at least in part, the varied levels of RNA degradation machinery across patients, tumors and tissues. For example, we have found wide variation in Ago2 protein levels, a key RISC component for RNA cleavage, in human head and neck cancer (HNC) tissues. Here we investigate a strategy for overcoming this limitation for an RNAi therapeutic in solid tumors. We have previously established that SQ doses of GS-10 at 10-100 ug/kg/day have antitumor efficacy, coincident with CK2 protein knockdown, in several mouse models. In an SCC-47 HNC xenograft model, tumor growth inhibition of 86% was observed after GS-10 treatment compared to controls, despite low baseline Ago2 levels. Interestingly, these tumors express relatively high Ago4 levels. FISH analysis of GS-10-treated SCC-47 tumors revealed numerous punctate structures containing mRNA CK2 transcript. Similarly, structures containing Ago4 and GW182 were observed by confocal microscopy, altogether suggesting these RISC proteins mediate transcript sequestration by forming GW-bodies, resulting in tumor inhibition. Now, we are evaluating a strategy using high-dose IV bolus injection as priming to elevate expression of multiple RISC proteins, including Ago2, Ago4 and GW182, in the SCC-47 model. A priming dose of GS-10 at 10 mg/kg showed a 4-fold increase in Ago2 levels in primary tumors vs. treatment controls at 72 hours post-injection. Similarly, a 2-fold increase in Ago4 and GW182 levels was also observed. To establish that GS-10 was reaching tumors in vivo to induce these changes, distribution of an isotopic tenfibgen surrogate of GS-10 to primary tumor and lymph node metastases was confirmed following IV bolus administration. Additional RISC protein and tumor efficacy data from a later timepoint is being analyzed and will be reported. In summary, these data suggest that high-dose IV priming with GS-10 can elevate multiple RISC proteins, setting tumors up for more effective response to subsequent low-dose treatment using this novel therapeutic candidate.
Real-Time Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Infection by Convolution Neural Network During White-Light Endoscopy: A Prospective, Multicenter Study (With Video)
Authors: Shen Yuqin , Chen Angli , Zhang Xinsen , Zhong Xingwei , Ma Ahuo , Wang Jianping , Wang Xinjie , Zheng Wenfang , Sun Yingchao , Yue Lei , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Xiaoyan , Lin Ne , Kim John J. , Du Qin , Liu Jiquan , Hu Weiling
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Convolutional neural network during endoscopy may facilitate evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection without obtaining gastric biopsies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnosis accuracy of a computer-aided decision support system for H. pylori infection (CADSS-HP) based on convolutional neural network under white-light endoscopy.

METHODS:

Archived video recordings of upper endoscopy with white-light examinations performed at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (January 2019–September 2020) were used to develop CADSS-HP. Patients receiving endoscopy were prospectively enrolled (August 2021–August 2022) from 3 centers to calculate the diagnostic property. Accuracy of CADSS-HP for H. pylori infection was also compared with endoscopic impression, urea breath test (URT), and histopathology. H. pylori infection was defined by positive test on histopathology and/or URT.

RESULTS:

Video recordings of 599 patients who received endoscopy were used to develop CADSS-HP. Subsequently, 456 patients participated in the prospective evaluation including 189 (41.4%) with H. pylori infection. With a threshold of 0.5, CADSS-HP achieved an area under the curve of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93–0.97) with sensitivity and specificity of 91.5% (95% CI 86.4%–94.9%) and 88.8% (95% CI 84.2%–92.2%), respectively. CADSS-HP demonstrated higher sensitivity (91.5% vs 78.3%; mean difference = 13.2%, 95% CI 5.7%–20.7%) and accuracy (89.9% vs 83.8%, mean difference = 6.1%, 95% CI 1.6%–10.7%) compared with endoscopic diagnosis by endoscopists. Sensitivity of CADSS-HP in diagnosing H. pylori was comparable with URT (91.5% vs 95.2%; mean difference = 3.7%, 95% CI −1.8% to 9.4%), better than histopathology (91.5% vs 82.0%; mean difference = 9.5%, 95% CI 2.3%–16.8%).

DISCUSSION:

CADSS-HP achieved high sensitivity in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in the real-time test, outperforming endoscopic diagnosis by endoscopists and comparable with URT. Clinicaltrials.gov; ChiCTR2000030724.
Uso de cigarro eletrônico e os impactos na cavidade oral
Authors: Machado Brenda Marjory Bitencurth , Rosa Camila Carolina Siqueira , Silva Isabel Rodrigues Amaral , Neves Izabela Barbosa , Sá Laissa Almeida , Rocha Thiago Soares , Medeiros Nathan Alex da Costa , Amormino Simone Angélica de Faria
Published: October 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: O tabagismo é mundialmente considerado um problema de saúde pública, sendo responsável por um número expressivo de mortes, devido à ação de seus componentes químicos na saúde dos usuários. O cigarro eletrônico apareceu como uma promessa no combate ao tabagismo, sendo uma alternativa para ingestão de nicotina. Seus usuários, muitas vezes, alegam ser um produto mais saudável do que o cigarro convencional. Porém, estudos recentes demonstram que as consequências do uso do cigarro eletrônico podem ser tão prejudicais à saúde quanto às dos cigarros com queima do tabaco. OBJETIVO: Analisar o uso do cigarro eletrônico e seus componentes, com relação ao agravamento de doenças periodontais e o desenvolvimento de lesões patológicas. METODOLOGIA: Foram feitas buscas eletrônicas e selecionados artigos com data de publicação recente, estudos relacionados à saúde oral, estudos clínicos e artigos nos idiomas português ou inglês. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados oito artigos, sendo cinco utilizados para os resultados, por se tratarem de estudos clínicos. CONCLUSÃO: Os estudos feitos em países como Estados Unidos, Canadá, Brasil, Coreia do Sul e Reino Unido mostraram o uso do cigarro eletrônico associado ao aumento de placa bacteriana e, consequentemente, doença periodontal. Essas manifestações podem causar alterações no sistema estomatognático, como perda óssea, cárie dentária e xerostomia. Além disso, o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais em relação ao assunto se mostra deficiente.
No net land take for Flanders. Towards a roadmap for the implementation of Europe’s land target
Authors: Lacoere Peter , Leinfelder Hans
Published: October 2023

Since 2011, the European Commission has recommended that member states reduce land take and achieve the ‘no net land take’ objective by 2050. The objective was reinforced in the EU ‘Soil Strategy for 2030’ and is likely to gain further importance in the upcoming Soil Health Law. This paper investigates the feasibility and implementation of a no net land take policy for the Flemish region, Belgium. The new land policy for Flanders was announced in 2016, representing a paradigm shift from spatial growth to final growth boundaries. The paper uses a generic model of the policy-making cycle to assess the implementation of a no net land take policy at the national or regional level. We propose a roadmap of implementation in five cyclical phases for Flanders, but many aspects of this proposed roadmap can be applied to other parts of Europe as well. In the implementation stage, the targeted selection and implementation of land-use instruments is of paramount importance to realise the land-take reduction trajectory. The Flemish case of the so-called Bouwshift shows that development instruments supporting further construction at good locations are politically more popular than protective measures that actually protect soil and landscape but intervene in property rights.
Analisis Yuridis Tradisi Pemaksaan Perkawinan Berdasarkan Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (Studi Kasus Kawin Tangkap di Suku Sumba Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Authors: Toriq Aulidina Ratulia
Published: October 2023

Tradisi kawin tangkap adalah suatu praktik pernikahan yang umumnya melibatkan penangkapan calon mempelai wanita oleh calon mempelai pria atau kelompoknya. Tradisi ini telah menjadi subjek kontroversi karena melibatkan unsur paksaan dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Sebagai catatan, praktik-praktik seperti ini sering kali tidak sah secara hukum dan dapat melanggar hukum hak asasi manusia. Dalam konteks hukum di Indonesia, termasuk di Pulau Sumba, praktik kawin tangkap dianggap ilegal dan bertentangan dengan hukum serta hak asasi manusia. Maksud dari penelitian ini ialah untuk meneliti eksistensi tradisi pernikahan adat Suku Sumba yang ada di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur dan menganalisis elemen apa yang mempengaruhi pernikahan adat ini. Pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam studi ini mencakup pendekatan hukum yang terkait dengan undang-undang, metode hukum adat, pendekatan berbasis konsep, teknik pendekatan sosiologi hukum, serta juga pendekatan kasus. Temuan dari penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa praktik kawin tangkap terjadi karena adanya faktor ekonomi yang terkait dengan utang, tingkat sosial, keyakinan, dan tingkat pemahaman masyarakat adat Suku Sumba terhadap hukum yang berlaku serta proses penyelesaiannya. Pelaksanaan kawin tangkap ini melibatkan prosesi adat yang meliputi tahapan pencarian, melindungi nama baik, memberi tahu dan meminta izin, melakukan ritual adat, mendasarkan pada agama (bagi mereka yang menganut kepercayaan lain di luar kepercayaan Moruyu), dan tahapan penutupan.
Influence of sexual dimorphism on satellite cell regulation and inflammatory response during skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Jomard Charline , Gondin Julien
Published: October 2023

After injury, skeletal muscle regenerates thanks to the key role of satellite cells (SC). The regeneration process is supported and coordinated by other cell types among which immune cells. Among the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle regeneration, a sexual dimorphism, involving sex hormones and more particularly estrogens, has been suggested. However, the role of sexual dimorphism on skeletal muscle regeneration is not fully understood, likely to the use of various experimental settings in both animals and human. This review aims at addressing how sex and estrogens regulate both the SC and the inflammatory response during skeletal muscle regeneration by considering the different experimental designs used in both animal models (i.e., ovarian hormone deficiency, estrogen replacement or supplementation, treatments with estrogen receptors agonists/antagonists and models knockout for estrogen receptors) and human (hormone therapy replacement, pre vs. postmenopausal, menstrual cycle variation…).
Lung mechanics showing sex‐based differences and circadian time‐of‐day response to bleomycin‐induced lung injury in mice
Authors: Prasad Chandrashekhar , Duraisamy Santhosh Kumar , Sundar Isaac Kirubakaran
Published: October 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease that impairs lung mechanical properties due to dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling. Lung function assessment is an important physiological endpoint in the mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) that has gained a broader scientific acceptance in the field. IPF pathophysiology shows sex‐based differences, disproportionately affecting more men compared to women. Prior reports suggest that the circadian clock is perturbed during the pathogenesis of PF. We have comprehensively assessed the sex‐based differences and time‐of‐day response (at Zeitgeber time: ZT0/6:00 a.m. or ZT12/6 p.m.) in lung mechanics among sham (control) versus bleomycin (BLM)‐challenged female and male (C57BL/6: WT) mice using Flexi‐vent. BLM challenge altered lung function significantly in males in both total lung (reduced dynamic compliance, and increased resistance and elastance) as well as lung tissue‐specific parameters (increased tissue elastance and tissue damping) but less pronounced in females. BLM‐challenged mice showed a time‐of‐day response in lung function at ZT0 versus ZT12, which was pronounced in the ZT0 BLM group. Overall, these findings provide a comprehensive analysis of altered lung function in female and male mice and the time‐of‐day difference in lung function parameters following BLM‐induced lung fibrosis.
Lombroso’s criminal face across physiognomy and semeiotics
Authors: Di Caterino Angelo
Published: October 2023

The paper examines the origins of physiognomy through analysis of the work of one of its founding fathers, Cesare Lombroso. The most interesting facet of Lombroso’s studies on the criminal face is how it can be considered as a true semeiotics. Although the Italian doctor’s supposed discoveries cannot be defined as scientific, his quantitative approach constitutes an important case study, since he tries to establish pertinences between facial features and criminal subjects’ features. It can be observed how Lombroso’s approach and theories are actually within a particular rationale that semiotics of culture can clarify from the perspective of the way in which specific facial features become commonly shared stereotypes.
Eyes on Chinese female models’ faces: stereotypes, aesthetics, self-Orientalism, and the moral discourse of the CPC
Authors: Wang Yifei
Published: October 2023

The representation the model’s face in advertisements is a controversial issue for the Chinese. This article investigates the features and the origin of stereotypical Chinese eyes throughout history, highlighting the naturalization of the slanting eyes in the Western context. Through a short summary of preferable eyes in physiognomy, traditional painting, and modern China, the essay demonstrates the variation in perception of the beauty of eyes that differ from and are influenced by the West in both positive and negative aspects. The essay critiques the Orientalist portrayal of Chinese models by comparing the stereotypical slanting eyes and the admired phoenix eyes and conducting a semiotic analysis of Chen Man’s 2021 Dior photo. Furthermore, by adopting the Chinese concept of “face” (lian/mianzi) in the case of the Chinese brand Three Squirrels, the author proposes that the sensibility of the Chinese toward the model’s face is not only a historic problem related to national emotions but also a moral issue linked with collectivism, particularly in self-Orientalist cases. The Communist Party of China plays an active role in the construction of the moral discourse regarding the perception of the beauty of eyes, which may become another response to Orientalism.
From Odessa to “Little Odessa”: Migration of Food and Myth
Authors: Kabanen Inna
Published: October 2023

National cuisine represents an important part of our identity. Being able to cook or eat familiar foods when living abroad becomes nearly as important as being able to use one’s mother tongue. This article discusses the phenomenon of Odessan cuisine both in Odessa and in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, a Russian-speaking enclave where more than 10,000 ex-Soviet citizens, many of whom were Odessans. The aim of the study is to explore the migration of the Odessan culinary tradition, the gastropoetic aspect of Odessan food narration and the embodiment of the myth of Odessa in food discourse. The study analyses the websites, social media, the menus of two restaurants labelling themselves as Odessan, and the clients’ comments related to said restaurants. The gastropoetic aspect of Odessan culinary tradition is presented through examples from the literary works of Odessan authors.
Metaphoric expressions and temporality in Telugu
Authors: Duggirala Vasanta
Published: October 2023

The tendency for the abstract domain of time to be lexicalized in terms of the relatively concrete domain of space has been extensively researched with reference to languages spoken in the Western hemisphere. That such cross-domain mappings in the conceptual system give rise to metaphors is also a well-established fact. The surface realization of metaphors known as “metaphoric expressions” are said to be language and culture specific and tend to play an important role in expressing inter-subjective communication needs. There is limited published literature on this topic with reference to the languages of South Asia, and especially those of India. Drawing on some insights gathered from previously published research on this topic, this corpus-based study examines aspects of temporality encoded in a set of 105 metaphoric expressions in Telugu. The results revealed that metaphoric expressions containing reduplicated spatial terms encode “time-as-such” temporality and are greater in number compared to both temporal terms expressing “matrix-sense”, and onomatopes expressing “event-based time”. These results are discussed with the help of examples and some suggestions are made for future research.
Supplements for Survival: On the Category of ‘Surplus of Impulses’ in Arnold Gehlen’s Anthropobiology
Authors: Agudelo Sebastián
Published: October 2023

The surplus of impulses is a key category in Gehlen’s anthropobiology to understand the process of hominisation and humanisation. From the dedifferentiation of human instincts and the primitivisation of man’s anatomy, to the role of experience, institutions, and speech, the surplus of impulses is a source that flows between the inner and the outer, by feeding the action circle that whether translates in activity or is redirected inwards in order to become a movement of volitional constitution. The ambivalence in which Gehlen deals with this function of freedom gives rise to a pessimistic and sacrificial idea of man. However, he posits certain basic elements of a hedonistic theory of speech from which we can better understand the stabilizing task of language as cornerstone of institutions.
Musik im Überfluss
Authors: Rolle Christian
Published: October 2023

Streaming macht Musik im Überfluss verfügbar. Fast jede Musikaufnahme ist jederzeit überall zugänglich. Das kann als Demokratisierung von Kultur gefeiert werden, in der auch das Besondere und Marginalisierte einen Platz hat. Wie Vorschlagsalgorithmen uns dabei helfen zu wissen, was wir hören wollen, kann andererseits als Befriedigung von kulturindustriell erst geschaffenen Bedürfnissen kritisiert werden. In jedem Fall stellt Musik-Streaming aufmerksamkeitsökonomisch eine Herausforderung dar. Der Beitrag analysiert einige Strategien zur Bewältigung des Überangebots. So schaffen Playlists Ordnung und Empfehlungen geben Orientierung. Wir finden eine Praxis der Beschleunigung durch Skippen und Vorspulen neben der Suche nach Entschleunigung durch Rückzug in die begrenzte vertraute Vinyl-Sammlung. Der technische Wandel geht mit einer Transformation ästhetischer Praktiken der Musikrezeption einher.
Creating the Digital Florentine Codex
Authors: Richter Kim N. , Houtrouw Alicia Maria , Gaillemin Bérénice , Radlo-Dzur Alanna
Published: October 2023

Mesoamerican books inhabit multiple visual and bibliographical spaces that defy simple descriptions and straightforward categorization. Historical annals, divinatory calendars, speeches, poems, and songs informed the history, culture, and ritual life of pre- and post-contact societies. Since the sixteenth century, reproduction of Mesoamerican books has played a role in shaping ideas about race, ethnicity, and culture, as well as effects of settler colonialism in the Americas. Efforts to replicate Mesoamerican books for new audiences, however, have not always followed the same principle. Narratives of exploration, empire, and state formation have often appropriated the Mesoamerican book to fulfill political or religious agendas that have decontextualized the original use of pictorial and alphabetic manuscripts. The themes explored in this Dialogues propose new ways to think about analytical frameworks used to make sense of the content of Mesoamerican books in the eighteenth through twenty-first centuries. Who possessed the intellectual credentials to write about and copy pictorial records? What aspects of Mesoamerican books have made the replication process so complex and contested? How have naming, cataloging, and preservation of manuscripts and their fragments shaped our understanding of ideas of authenticity, originality, authorship, and knowledge? How can digital technologies reshape our experience with pictorial records? Contributors engage with these questions not only to historicize violence and displacement associated with Indigenous books after European contact but to highlight the way the publication of facsimiles helped and continues to help establish intellectual credentials, center historical narratives and popular ideas about culture, and generate funding for individuals and institutions.
Renaming the Cuicatec Knowledge in the Codex Porfirio Díaz
Authors: Polanco Dominique E.
Published: October 2023

Mesoamerican books inhabit multiple visual and bibliographical spaces that defy simple descriptions and straightforward categorization. Historical annals, divinatory calendars, speeches, poems, and songs informed the history, culture, and ritual life of pre- and post-contact societies. Since the sixteenth century, reproduction of Mesoamerican books has played a role in shaping ideas about race, ethnicity, and culture, as well as effects of settler colonialism in the Americas. Efforts to replicate Mesoamerican books for new audiences, however, have not always followed the same principle. Narratives of exploration, empire, and state formation have often appropriated the Mesoamerican book to fulfill political or religious agendas that have decontextualized the original use of pictorial and alphabetic manuscripts. The themes explored in this Dialogues propose new ways to think about analytical frameworks used to make sense of the content of Mesoamerican books in the eighteenth through twenty-first centuries. Who possessed the intellectual credentials to write about and copy pictorial records? What aspects of Mesoamerican books have made the replication process so complex and contested? How have naming, cataloging, and preservation of manuscripts and their fragments shaped our understanding of ideas of authenticity, originality, authorship, and knowledge? How can digital technologies reshape our experience with pictorial records? Contributors engage with these questions not only to historicize violence and displacement associated with Indigenous books after European contact but to highlight the way the publication of facsimiles helped and continues to help establish intellectual credentials, center historical narratives and popular ideas about culture, and generate funding for individuals and institutions.
STUDY OF THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHANGES IN CHITIN AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF RIPENING OF MUSHROOM FRUITING BODIES
Authors: Korabel Ivan , Khomyak Semen , Panchak Lidiia , Antonyuk Volodymyr
Published: October 2023

We investigated the extraction of chitin with various solvents and changes in the amount of chitin and its molecular mass at different stages of maturity in the fruiting bodies of the fungi Laetiporus sulphureus, Tyromyces chioneus, Oudemansiella mucida, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Fomitopsis betulina. We extracted chitin from crushed mushroom fruiting bodies with 25% hydrochloric acid at 0°C. We characterised the molecular weight of reprecipitated purified chitin with a viscosimeter and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The mass of extracted chitin in all studied mushrooms initially increased from youth to maturity, and then decreased after ripening. At the same time, the molecular weight of chitin tended to increase.
THE USE OF CHITIN IN THE MOULTS AND EXOSKELETONS OF MEALWORMS (TENEBRIO MOLITOR) TO REMOVE CATIONIC DYES FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Kurowska Patrycja , Jóźwiak Tomasz , Filipkowska Urszula , Bakuła Tadeusz
Published: October 2023

We analysed the feasibility of using unmodified chitin exoskeletons and moults of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) as adsorbents to remove cationic dyes – Basic Violet 10 (BV10) and Basic Red 46 (BR46) – from aqueous solutions. We evaluated the characteristics of the adsorption materials using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and determining the pH of the point of zero charge (pHPZC); the pH effect on dye adsorption effectiveness; dye adsorption kinetics (pseudo–first order, pseudo–second order, and intramolecular diffus ion models); and the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbents (Langmuir 1 and 2 and Freundlich isotherms). BV10 adsorption on the tested adsorbents was the highest at pH 3, while adsorption of BR46 was highest at pH 6. The adsorption equilibrium time depended mainly on the dye type and its initial concentration; it was 150–210 min for BV10 and 120–150 min for BR46. The maximum adsorption capacity of mealworm exoskeletons reached 5.56 mg/g for BV10 and 31.53 mg/g for BR46, whereas mealworm moults exhibited a higher maximum adsorption capacity, reaching 6.44 mg/g for BV10 and 5.56 mg/g for BR46.
CHITOSAN GELS TO PREVENT REFLUX DISEASE
Authors: Małolepsza-Jarmołowska Katarzyna
Published: October 2023

Reflux disease is one of the most frequently diagnosed conditions in developed countries. The problem is both the acidic content of the stomach and the alkaline content of the intestines. In each case, the oesophageal mucosa is destroyed. I analysed hydrogels that prevent irritation of the oesophageal mucosa. Specifically, I investigated the effect of chitosan and sodium alginate on the properties of gels protecting the oesophagus. Gels containing chitosan and 1.0% sodium alginate can be used to treat advanced alkaline reflux. The addition of chitosan to all the tested gels increased their pH and dynamic viscosity, making it possible to neutralise acid reflux. Texture studies showed the influence of chitosan and sodium alginate on the adhesiveness of the tested gels.
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF THE AFFINITY OF CHITIN AND CHITOSAN FOR COLLAGEN: THE EFFECT OF pH AND THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM AND CALCIUM CATIONS
Authors: Przybyłek Maciej , Bełdowski Piotr
Published: October 2023

Chitosan and chitin are promising biopolymers used in many areas including biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and viscosupplementation. Chitosan shares similar properties with hyaluronan, a natural component of synovial fluid, making it a good candidate for joint disease treatment. The structural and energetic consequences of intermolecular interactions are crucial for understanding the biolubrication phenomenon and other important biomedical features. However, the properties of biopolymers, including their complexation abilities, are influenced by the nature of the aqueous medium with which they interact. In this study, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to describe the effect of pH and the presence of sodium and calcium cations on the stability of molecular complexes formed by collagen type II with chitin and chitosan oligosaccharides. Based on Gibbs free energy of binding, all considered complexes are thermodynamically stable over the entire pH range. The affinity between chitosan oligosaccharide and collagen is highly influenced by pH, while oligomeric chitin shows no pH-dependent effect on the stability of molecular assemblies with collagen. On the other hand, the presence of sodium and calcium cations has a negligible effect on the affinity of chitin and chitosan for collagen.
Influence of autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with primary aldosteronism: subtype analysis and postoperative outcome
Authors: Hung Kuang , Lee Bo-Ching , Chen Po-Ting , Liu Kao-Lang , Chang Chin-Chen , Wu Vin-Cent , Lin Yen-Hung
Published: October 2023

Context

Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) has a relatively high prevalence in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). There is still a lack of relevant studies to analyze the influence of ACS on diagnosing and managing PA.

Objective

To evaluate the influence of ACS on image–adrenal venous sampling (AVS) correlation and the postoperative results.

Methods

This was a retrospective study using the Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation database from July 2017 to April 2020, with 327 PA patients enrolled. A total of 246 patients were included in the image–AVS analysis. Patients who had undergone unilateral adrenalectomy and a 12-month follow-up were included in the postoperative analysis.

Results

Sixty-five patients (26.4%) had ACS. The image–AVS discordance rate was higher in the ACS group compared to the non-ACS group (75.4% (n = 49) vs 56.4% (n = 102); odds ratio (OR) = 2.37 (CI: 1.26–4.48); P = 0.007). The complete biochemical success rate was higher in the non-ACS group than that in the ACS group (98.1% (n = 51) vs 64.3% (n = 9); OR = 28.333 (CI: 2.954–271.779); P = 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, ACS was the only factor associated with lower biochemical success (OR = 0.035 (CI: 0.004–0.339), P = 0.004).

Conclusion

PA patients with ACS have higher image–AVS discordance rate and worse biochemical outcomes after surgery. ACS was the only negative predictor of postoperative biochemical outcomes. Further studies and novel biomarkers for AVS are crucial for obtaining better postoperative outcomes in PA patients with ACS.
Supression of mechanical oscillations in a nonlinear systems with restriction
Authors: Zaksienė Genovaitė
Published: October 2023

The application of the dynamical dampers in the mechanical systems, when the sources of stimulation are impossible to abolish, is one of the ways to fight against the harmful vibrations. The linear dynamical damper of nonlinear systems can compensate the force of stimulation in wide diapason of frequency.  The parameters of dynamical system where dynamical damper exists more effectively are determined.
Invariance principle for independent random variables with infinite variance
Authors: Juodis Mindaugas
Published: October 2023

A functional central limit theorem for self-normalized adaptive process U−1m,N ζn is considered, where Um,N is a sum of squares of block-sums of size m, as m and the number of blocks N = n/m tend to infinity.
Knowledge and Attitude of Short Stature and Its Treatment in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hashem Majdi , AlMohaini Reem Abdulrahman
Published: October 2023

Both tall and short parents are concerned about their children's short stature. This study aimed to explore the knowledge about short stature (SS) and attitude towards its treatment among the general public of Saudi Arabia. This was a cross-sectional study that utilized an online-administered questionnaire distributed between August 2021 and March 2022. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors that affect participants’ knowledge. This study included a total of 6,852 individuals. The vast majority of the participants (77.5%) expressed satisfaction with their height. A total of 40.4% of participants stated that they were aware of a treatment option for their low height. With a mean score of 13.0 (SD:5.8) out of 25, the participants demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge of short stature (52.0%). The majority of participants (78.0%) stated that if they have a problem with short stature or want to enhance their own or their children's height, they are willing to consult a doctor about it. Participants living in the northern and eastern areas, those with bachelor degree, and those working in the healthcare field were more likely to be knowledgeable about short stature compared to others (p≤0.01). Saudi Arabians have a moderate understanding of SS, which needs to be improved. Campaigns to increase the general public's and parents' knowledge about SS, which is ultimately connected to earlier diagnosis and better management outcomes, are needed. Additional research is required to examine the most effective strategies for raising public knowledge of SS.
Tackling for Human Trafficking: Village-based Movement of Migrant Workers in Lembata, Indonesia
Authors: Darnela Lindra , Kharlie Ahmad Tholabi
Published: October 2023

Studies on the role of villages in combating human trafficking have not been much discussed. This paper examines the efforts of the grass roots to counter human trafficking in Lembata, Indonesia. Data based on observations, interviews with the government, and discussions with six migrant workers' communities in Lembata. The methods used are qualitative research methods with literary approaches and empirical approaches. The results of the research indicate that the people of the village in Lembata have succeeded in providing alternative livelihoods for the former Indonesian Labour Force through the strengthening of the productive economy. This community has also been able to train and support the candidate TKI to acknowledge its rights and duties. This study proves that the bottom-up system is an effective way to tackle human trafficking.
Стиль Руководства Президента Индонезии В Решении Национальных Проблем (Indonesian President's Style of Leadership in Addressing National Problems)
Authors: Suraya Rahmat Syahid
Published: October 2023

The study examines the leadership style and political landscape of seven Indonesian presidents. From President Sukarno to President Joko Widodo. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a literarure approach. This study uses the Northouse theory (2016), which describes 15 styles of leadership: character approach, skill approach, behavioral approach, situation approach, pathway theory, theory of exchange of leaders-members, transformational leadership, authentic Leadership, Servant Leadership; adaptive Leadership: psychodynamic approach; leadership ethics; team leadership; gender and leadership. The findings of this study show that the leadership styles of the seven Indonesian presidents differ from each other. President Sukarno is associated with the Character Approach, President Suharto with the Path-Goal Theory, President BJ Habibie with the Behavioral Approaching, President Abdurahman Wahid with the Skill Approximation, President Megawati Soakarno Princess with Gender and Leadership, and President Joko Widodo with the Servant-style Leadership Approche.
A review of the advancements of potentially toxic element adsorption by various cellulose-based materials and the used adsorbents' fate
Authors: Naser Heba , Czinkota Imre , Dorkota Andrea , Horváth Márk
Published: October 2023

In this study, we compile the findings to date on using several cellulose-based materials as adsorbents of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from wastewater. Furthermore, this review discussed the destiny of PTEs-loaded cellulose-based adsorbents and some sustainable methods for their management, hoping to close the pollution loop.
Advancing Treatment Frontiers: Radiofrequency Ablation for Small Renal Mass—Intermediate-Term Results
Authors: Singh Rohit Kumar , Gideon Manav , Rajendran Rohan , Mathew Georgie , Nair Kannan
Published: October 2023

Our study aims to discern the immediate and intermediate-term oncological outcomes of the patients with small renal mass and who were surgically unfit or were having a bilateral tumor and underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the mass. We retrospectively and prospectively analyzed the status of the patients who were diagnosed to have small renal masses and were biopsy-proven renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases, who underwent RFA at our institute from the year 2013 to 2022. Patients were followed-up for 3 years. Data regarding complications were analyzed for all patients who underwent renal RFA along with the 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate. A total of 28 patients were eligible for the study based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their renal function was recorded. They underwent RFA and were followed-up for a period of 3 years for RFS. Four patients out of the total had immediate complications, out of which two developed a hematoma. Three-year-follow-ups showed six recurrences, overall having 78.6% RFS. Post-procedural renal function was stable as documented by Estimated glomerular filtration rate. Oncological results of RFA in patients with small renal masses who are surgically unfit are associated with a low risk of immediate and intermediate-term deterioration of renal function.
The Virtual Museum: an African biodiversity database holding more than two million records
Authors: Underhill Les G , Navarro Rene
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the history of the Virtual Museum, originally developed in 2005 for the Southern African Reptile Conservation Assessment (SARCA), which was sponsored by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). The Virtual Museum grew to have 17 sections and the associated database, in 2023, contained 2.2 million biodiversity records from Africa. We summarize the major outputs of this initiative, and discuss potential future uses of the database.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya Terkait Izin Pemakaian Tanah Milik Es Krim PT. Z
Authors: Hoarisan Cindy Inez , Aisyafuri Emilda , Septiani Carolina
Published: October 2023

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The Surabaya City Government issued Surabaya City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2016 concerning Land Use Permits (IPT). This Regional Regulation provides certainty regarding green letters which are assets from the Surabaya City Government. The Surabaya City Government can collect retribution or rent money from the tenant, in this case the citizen who owns the green letter. This research uses a qualitative approach, where this research uses a natural setting with the intention of interpreting the phenomena that occur and is carried out by involving existing methods. The result of the writing about this case study is that the right to enjoy the permit over the use of the land is still applies for Ice Cream Z's ownership if the re-submission process is approved, because the Regional Regulation does not explain that the end of contact does not include the end of IPT, beside that the requirements for rejection of an applications issued by the Surabaya City Government do not have an appropriate legal basis.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak dalam Nikah Siri
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad Jazil
Published: October 2023

Married couples must meet religious and state law. In Islamic law, marriages must be fulfilled, the harmony of the marriage, the bride and groom, prospective guardians, marriage, two people, consent and Kabul, while state law, needs to be added validity, marriage, must be in accordance with applicable law. However, not a few marriages in areas that carry out their marriages are only based on religious law and customary law, without involving Marriage Registrar to improve this marriage by considering siri marriages that increase returns to desired husbands and children. Civil rights are not guaranteed at the time of marriage to a siri marriage because the child will not obtain citizenship status, and the child only has a civil relationship with the mother and related family, which basically requires the cost of child care.
Isbat Nikah Poligami Ditinjau dari Maslahah mursalah Al-Shatiby
Authors: Nasrulloh Muhammad , Zenrif M. Fauzan , Yasin R. Cecep Lukman
Published: October 2023

The presence of SEMA Number 3 of 2018, which prohibits polygamy marriage, hurts women. This is because women do not have legal power over their marriages and cannot access the legal umbrella through the only way, namely the isbat of marriage. The logical consequence of this is that when their husbands neglect siri polygamous women, women undoubtedly have difficulty demanding their rights and difficulties in giving up their status. This study seeks to dissect the interests of polygamous siri women by considering aspects of their benefit. The study's focus is to answer how the position of polygamous marriage when juxtaposed with women's interests is still prohibited or allowed. The study carried out was a normative study with the maslahah mursalah Al-Shatiby as the analysis tool. The final hypothesis illustrates that it is precisely the prohibition of marriage to have an impact on women. This is because the maslahah of prohibiting marriage is assumptive, while the negativity of a woman whom her husband ignores is factual. Therefore, the prohibition of SEMA number 3 of 2018 must be re-read and studied more deeply in the interests of polygamous women in siri.
 
Abstrak: Hadirnya SEMA Nomor 3 tahun 2018 yang melarang isbat nikah poligami berdampak mudlarat atas perempuan. Pasalnya perempuan tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum atas pernikahannya dan tidak bisa mengakses payung hukum melalui satu-satunya jalan yakni isbat nikah. Konsekuensi logis dari hal tersebut adalah ketika perempuan poligami siri diabaikan oleh suaminya, niscaya perempuan kesulitan menuntut haknya dan kesulitan pula melepaskan statusnya. Kajian ini berusaha membedah kepentingan perempuan poligami siri dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kemaslahatannya. Fokus kajian guna menjawab bagaimana kedudukan isbat nikah poligami jika disandingkan kepada kepentingan perempuan apakah tetap dilaranga atau diperbolehkan. Telaah yang dilakukan bersifat kajian normatif dengan maslahah mursalah Al-Shatiby sebagai pisau analisisnya. Hipotesa akhir menggambarkan bahwa justru pelarangan isbat nikah berdampak mudlarat kepada perempuan. Sebab maslahah pelarangan isbat nikah bersifat asumtif sedang kemudlaratan perempuan yang diabaikan suaminya bersifat faktual. Oleh karena itu pelarangan SEMA nomor 3 tahun 2018 harus dibaca ulang serta dikaji lebih dalam demi kepentingan perempuan yang dipoligami siri.