bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH BMI IN GIRLS (AGED 18-25 YEARS) OF RAWALPINDI/ISLAMABAD
Authors: Ghazanfar Madiha , Rashid Wardah Shahzad , Rafique Laiba , Tariq Muhammad Rizwan , Batool Zahra , Saleem Sabuha , Rehman Amna , Iftikhar Madiha , Hameed Amna , Khalid Maham , Mehmood Nafeesa
Published: November 2023

Background: Dysmenorrhea can be defined as painful uterine cramps that occur along with menses that affects about a fraction of menstruating women worldwide. Dysmenorrhea usually starts during or right after menarche.  Dysmenorrhea can be divided into either; Primary (pain without cause/reason) or Secondary dysmenorrhea (pelvic pain with a cause/disease), both of them are involved in painful menstrual cramps. In addition to this, symptoms such as nausea, headache, irritability and absenteeism from work and education are often reported. Objectives: This research was conducted with an aim to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and to find a relation between BMI and Primary Dysmenorrhea among girls. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study with 351 female participants in total was performed through convenience sampling in Islamabad/Rawalpindi with a specifically designed questionnaire with slight modifications from November 2022 to January 2023. Statistics were applied using the IBM SPSS version 26.0. Results: Our research revealed a significant (p = 0.039) association between BMI and the occurrence of Primary Dysmenorrhea.  Through statistical comparisons, it was found that mild and severe dysmenorrhea symptoms were more prevalent among study participants who were underweight and those who were obese. The p-values for these comparisons were 0.000 and 0.028, respectively, indicating that underweight subjects are more likely to experience dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: Results show that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is higher in girls of age 18-25 years because of the abnormal Body Mass Index (BMI), which indicates that greater number of population have poor nutritional status and inadequate dietary habits.
EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND LIVER, MANIFESTATIONS, PROGNOSIS, MECHANISMS, TREATMENT, AND CHALLENGES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Subhan Haider  , Awais Ahmed Uttra  , Saniya Sohail  , Ayesha Ghani  , Furqan Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Background: The first case of coronavirus was found in December 2019 in Wuhan a city in China since then it has severe impact all over the world. The typical signs and symptoms of coronavirus patients consist of cough, fever, lethargy, and shortness of breath (SOB). Objectives: The current review contains summarized and complete information on the effect of coronavirus on GIT, Liver and its manifestations, prognosis, mechanisms, treatment, and challenges. Methodology: The data was collected via an electronic search of numerous scientific sources including Google scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Results: The main complaints in COVID-19 positive patients are linked to the respiratory system but many patients also complained of gastrointestinal problems like vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and in some cases, anorexia, increased acidity, and bloating. The mechanisms of GI damage in corona-virus patients are direct virus-mediated cytotoxic damage in the intestinal epithelium, dysregulation of the RAAS in the intestinal epithelium, malabsorption of tryptophan in the intestinal epithelium. Various scientific studies also report that   COVID-19 patients had abnormal levels of ALT and AST suggesting a possible liver injury. The possible mechanisms of liver damage in corona-virus patients are direct hepatic infection by corona-virus, cytokine storm, and drug-induced damage.  The prognosis is poor in both GI and liver abnormalities in corona-virus patients. According to some studies, patients with considerable liver injury should be treated with anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and jaundice-decreasing agents. Natural plants and herbs can be used in coronavirus patients with GI and liver abnormalities.  However, further research is necessary in this area for a complete assessment of the effect of coronavirus infection on GI and liver abnormalities and appropriate testing of therapeutic agents used against these abnormalities. Conclusion: In a nutshell, our results conclude that both gastrointestinal symptoms and liver damage are not unusual in patients with coronavirus infection. Severe coronavirus patients had a greater risk of developing gastrointestinal symptoms and liver damage.
ASSESSING STROKE PATIENTS' TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS TO ENHANCE THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES
Authors: Nadeem Ullah Khan Wazir  , Asad Ur Rahman  , Rizwan Amir Khan  , Irfan Amir Khan  , Ihsan Ullah Wazir  , Noman Ullah Wazir  , Muhammad Aftab Wazir  , Ahmad Tawseef
Published: November 2023

Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Global stroke rates rise with age. Socioeconomic factors make low- and middle-income youth more susceptible to stroke. Objectives: This study assessed many strokes incidence and predictive factors in Pakistan. Methodology: Stroke cases were studied at Peshawar Postgraduate Hospital. The study comprised consenting patients with recent first-time or recurrent strokes without secondary causes. Results: Our study found that strokes are more common in men (88%) and those over 63. The satisfied income group (72%) and urban population (60%) were the most affected. Ischemic type affected 84% of these cases. Anatomical MRI data shows that a stroke can impact any brain region. Hypertension (55%), with a mean blood pressure of 136/84 and 109/67mm Hg in male and female patients, respectively, was the main risk factor for stroke. Stroke victims' lipid levels were mostly normal. Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 19% of stroke patients. Blood chemistry assays for haemoglobin, total lymphocyte count, blood urea, alkaline phosphatase, and random blood sugar showed significant alterations. 28%, 47%, and 5% of patients' prescription regimens had minor, major, and severe interactions, respectively. Conclusion: Our study found that urban Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa inhabitants have a higher stroke risk than rural residents. These patients had mostly ischemic strokes. This paper summarizes stroke demographics, kinds, and interactions to help discover effective treatments for this potentially fatal disorder.
Program to reduce work absenteeism in assembly companies developed at the TECNM Campus Fresnillo
Authors: Reyes Sánchez José de Jesús , García Camacho Mario Alberto , Guerrero Vega Martha Alicia
Published: November 2023

Absenteeism from work is a very common phenomenon that the Aptiv ll company goes through. It is an expense for the company that the work assigned to a given position is not being carried out by the person who is paid for it when they are absent. Since someone else does the work when a person is absent, this generates a lot of money loss since you have to talk to employees outside the shift to cover the positions of the workers who do not attend, in addition to sometimes it is necessary interrupting the production of the plant due to this social phenomenon, among the main causes are: labor-related reasons such as low salaries and/or mistreatment, mobility despite the company having transportation, personal and even motivational issues.
Kebijakan Relaksasi Kredit Terhadap Non Performing Loan Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah Terdampak Covid-19 Oleh Bank Umum Konvensional
Authors: Nurdin Bintang Raysa Ramadhan
Published: November 2023

Abstrak

Pembatasan aktivitas bisnis di Indonesia merupakan konsekuensi yang ditimbulkan oleh Covid-19. Hal ini terjadi karena terdapat protokol kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah memaksa pelaku bisnis untuk menghentikan usahanya. Kondisi tersebut kemudian berimplikasi pada ketidakmampuan pelaku usaha UMKM untuk memenuhi kewajibannya kepada bank dan pada akhirnya menimbulkan kredit bermasalah. Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan memberikan wewenang sebagai institusi yang melaksanakan fungsi mengatur dan mengawasi sektor jasa keuangan Indonesia, termasuk kepada OJK sebagai industri perbankan. Sebagai bentuk respon atas permasalahan risiko kredit pada perbankan karena ketidakmampuan UMKM dalam memenuhi kewajibannya pada perbankan, OJK menerbitkan kebijakan stimulus perekonomian melalui Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Stimulus Perekonomian Nasional Sebagai Kebijakan Countercyclical Dampak Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019. Hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metode yuridis normatif ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat beberapa cara penyelamatan terhadap kredit bermasalah yaitu dengan cara penjadwalan kembali (rescheduling), penataan kembali (restructuring), dan persyaratan kembali (reconditioning). Selain itu diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa bentuk relaksasi kredit bagi UMKM yang aktivitas bisnisnya terkena distraksi Covid-19 adalah mencakup kebijakan penetapan kualitas aset, dan kebijakan restrukturisasi kredit atau pembiayaan.

Kata Kunci: covid-19, kebijakan relaksasi kredit, penyelamatan kredit bermasalah, restrukturisasi kredit, UMKM.
TINDAK PIDANA PENYUAPAN DALAM PEMBERIAN FASILITAS KREDIT BANK YANG DITERAPKAN MELALUI PENGAWASAN LEMBAGA OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN
Authors: Raden Maulana Damarjati , Jatmika Bagas Arya , Hasya Shofiyyah Mardiyyah
Published: November 2023

Abstrak

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tindak pidana penyuapan dalam kegiatan perbankan khususnya terkait pemberian fasilitas kredit dan bentuk pengawasan yang dilaksanakan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) terhadap tindakan tersebut. Adapun metode penelitian dalam artikel ini merupakan hukum normatif dengan cara mengumpulkan bahan hukum melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu ditemukan adanya pengaturan yang saling tumpang tindih terkait tindak pidana penyuapan dalam pemberian fasilitas kredit. Hal tersebut timbul karena tindak pidana penyuapan telah diatur dalam dua ketentuan berbeda, yakni Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan. Selain itu, OJK merupakan lembaga yang diberi kewenangan untuk mengawasi seluruh kegiatan perbankan sebagai bagian dari sektor jasa keuangan. Dalam melaksanakan tugas pengawasannya, OJK memiliki kewenangan untuk menerapkan penyelidikan dan penyidikan terhadap suatu pelanggaran maupun kejahatan yang terjadi dalam sektor jasa keuangan. Maka dari itu, tindak pidana penyuapan yang terjadi dalam pemberian fasilitas kredit bank telah seharusnya diterapkan melalui ketentuan peraturan hukum yang mengatur tentang sektor jasa keuangan karena unsur-unsur ketentuan peraturan tersebut telah mengatur secara spesifik terkait suatu tindak pidana dalam lingkup perbankan.

Kata Kunci: kredit perbankan, otoritas jasa keuangan, pengawasan, tindak pidana penyuapan.
DIFERENSIASI HUKUM TERHADAP PRAKTIK REVERSE DOMAIN NAME HIJACKING (STUDI PERBANDINGAN DI INDONESIA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT)
Authors: Gunawan Reggina Salsabila Putri , Duta Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Abstrak

Nama domain telah menjadi salah satu isu krusial yang timbul seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, yang menimbulkan suatu tantangan hukum yaitu berupa fenomena Reverse Domain Name Hijacking (RDNH). Penelitian ini membahas mengenai identifikasi ketiadaan kualifikasi dan standar yang jelas dalam praktik, penyelesaian hukum, dan regulasi yang dapat diterapkan pada kasus sengketa RDNH dengan melakukan perbandingan hukum Amerika Serikat dan Indonesia. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menyoroti pentingnya penegakan hukum yang efektif dan pembuatan standar atau regulasi yang dapat membantu menangani kasus sengketa RDNH secara lebih jelas dan kohesif.

Kata Kunci: nama domain, kualifikasi, penyelesaian sengketa, perbandingan hukum, reverse domain name hijacking.
Evaluation of the Effect of Magnetic Nanoparticles-Loaded 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on Colon Cell Line LS174T
Authors: Sadighi Nikoo , Haghi Mehdi , Mohammadi Reza , Heydarnezhad Asl Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background: Large intestine cancer, also known as colon cancer or rectal cancer, is a type of cancer that affects the colon or rectum. It is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and in Iran, it ranks as the fourth most common cancer among men and the second most common cancer among women. Some of the common symptoms of this disease include intestinal rupture and obstruction, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, the presence of blood in the stool, and constant fatigue. Common methods of cancer treatment include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. New methods of cancer treatment include gene therapy, hormone therapy, and nanotechnology. Nanoparticles (NPs), which contain particles in the size range of 1 to 100 nanometers, are used in nanotechnology. These NPs can originate from natural or human sources and have shown unprecedented growth in the field of research and applications of nanotechnology, especially in the treatment of cancer. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential anticancer effect of a combination of iron oxide NPs loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the cell survival of the LS174T colon cancer cell line. 5-fluorouracil is a commonly used chemotherapy drug for treating various types of cancer, including colon cancer, and iron oxide NPs are known to be useful drug carriers for targeted drug delivery. Methods: Nanoparticles were synthesized using the precipitation method, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were conducted. Cells were cultivated in RPMI 1640 medium, and the MTT assay was carried out to assess cell viability after treatment with multiple components, including NP+drug. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was carried out to assess the expression of apoptotic genes, including BAX, BAD, and BCL-2. Results: The MTT results showed that all components, especially NP+drug, had acceptable cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. The expression of pro-apoptotic genes was elevated, and the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene was decreased after treatment with the same components, especially NP+drug. Conclusions: The results showed that all the studied components, especially drug-loaded NPs, have great cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells and can be considered colon cancer therapy.
The Effects Green Human Resource on Employees’ Green Voice Behaviors Towards Green Innovation
Authors: Aloqaily Ahmad
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of Green Human Resource (GHR) practices on employees’ green voice behaviors towards green innovation in Jordanian Manufacturing Companies (JMC). A survey design was employed to collect data from 187 workers in JMC using closed-ended questions on employees’ attitudes towards GHR practices and green innovation. The study used the SmartPLS4 tool to conduct structural equation modeling and path analysis to examine the direct and indirect effects of GHR practices on employees’ green voice behaviors towards green innovation. The study found that GHR practices and employee involvement positively influence green voice behaviors and green innovation, with green voice behaviors mediating the effect of GHR practices and employee involvement on green innovation. The study highlights the importance of GHR practices and employee involvement in promoting sustainable development and environmental performance in JMC, with practical implications for organizations, policymakers, and regulatory bodies. Overall, the study provides important insights into how organizations can promote sustainability and innovation through effective HR practices and employee involvement strategies.
Peranan Media Gambar Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Agama Katolik
Authors: Mahuze Paustina Ngali
Published: November 2023

Teknologi pembelajaran merupakan suatu bidang yang mengkaji teori danpraktek dalam desain pengembangan, pemanfaatan, pengelolaan, sertaevaluasi proses dan sumber belajar. Desain pengembangan bahan ajarberbasis strategi sinektik berbantuan media gambar dapat memecahkanpersoalan pembelajaran peserta didik yang kurang efektif dalammempraktekkan pengetahuan keagamaannya. Peranan media gambardalam desain pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis strategi sinektikmemperjelas pesan-pesan yang abstrak, menarik perhatian danmenimbulkan motivasi serta gairah belajar, memungkinkan peserta didikbelajar mandiri, memberikan rangsangan yang sama, menyamakanpengalaman dan persepsi yang sama bagi peserta didik dalam prosespembelajaran. Media gambar memiliki peran dalam menyalurkan pesandari Allah sehingga merangsang perhatian, minat, perasaan dan pikiranpeserta didik dengan maksud menjadi semakin beriman kepada Tuhan,dengan semikian membentuk peserta didik menjadi manusia yang berimandan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa dan berakhlak mulia sertamampu meningkatan spiritual.
جامعة الدول العربية وازمات الربيع العربي (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: عبد الفتاح أ.د. فكرت نامق
Published: November 2023

عاشت المنطقة العربية حراكا ثوريا استثنائيا منذ بداية عام 2011 ، وتحررت قوى التغيير التي قمعت طويلا ، وانطلقت فجأة من عقالها يقوة وحركت الساكن العربي وهزت النظم الجمهورية ، ودقت ابواب الملكيات العربية الوراثية بما في ذلك الملكيات الخليجية .

The Arab region has witnessed an exceptional revolutionary movement since the beginning of 2011, the long oppressed forces of change were liberated, suddenly they emanated from their minds, moved the Arab inhabitants, shook the republican regimes, and knocked on the gates of Arab hereditary monarchies, including the Gulf monarchies.
قانون الواجب التطبيق على العلامة التجارية الإلكترونية من خلال منهج القواعد ذات التطبيق الضروري
Authors: عبد الرضا الاسدي أ.د. عبد الرسول , دويح علي حسين
Published: November 2023

تستهدف دراستنا إظهار أهمية منهج القواعد ذات التطبيق الضروري في تحديد القانون الواجب التطبيق على العلامة التجارية الإلكترونية، وذلك من خلال تزايد دور الدولة في تنظيم الشؤون التجارية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية لأفراد المجتمع. وذلك بوضع قوانين خاصة لا تسمح بطبيعتها قبول الاشتراك مع قوانين أخرى والتي تلزم القاضي بتطبيقها. وأن كانت قاعد الإسناد تشير إلى تطبيق قانون أجنبي، ومن بين هذه القواعد القانونية القواعد ذات التطبيق الضروري، وكما تسمى قواعد الأمن (البوليسية) وأن لم ينص عليها المشرع صراحةً وإنما يستدل عليها من خلال معايير تطبيق تلك القواعد.

Our study aims to show the importance of adopting the approach of applicable rules necessary in determining the law that should be applied to the electronic brand, through the increasing role of the state in regulating commercial, economic and social affairs for members of society. This is take place through setting special laws that do not allow their nature to accept participation with other laws that obligate the judge to implement them though the base of reference refers to the application of foreign law. among these laws the laws of necessary to be applied as they are called security rules  (police) even if the legislature does not mentions it clearly but it is inferred by standard of apply these rules .
هيئات الضبط الاداري العام المختصة في منع جنوح الاحداث في العراق(*)
Authors: الحسيني أ.م.د. صادق محمد علي , الخفاجي هيثم علي كرار
Published: November 2023

تعد ظاهرة جنوح الاحداث من المشاكل الخطيرة التي تواجه أي مجتمع لدورها في انهياره وانتشار الجريمة, وهي ظاهرة أجتماعية أكثر من كونها ظاهرة اجرامية, وبذلك فهي تفرض التحرك لتلافي الخطر قبل وقوعه وبالتالي اعطاء الادارة دوراً وقائياً هاماً في سبيل تحقيق مبادئ الدفاع الاجتماعي فهو بمضمونه العام معناه الدفاع عن المجتمع ضد الجريمة والانحراف وهذا المضمون لا يرتبط بموضوع الجريمة ومدى خطورتها بل يرتبط بالفرد منظوراً اليه ككائن بشري واجتماعي لذا فأن الدفاع الاجتماعي يكمن بصورة رئيسية في تفعيل دور هيآت الضبط الاداري العام في اطار سياسة تكاملية شاملة تستهدف الوقاية من الجنوح.

The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency is one of the serious problems faced by any society for its role in its collapse and the spread of crime. It is a social phenomenon rather than a criminal phenomenon. Thus, it call for response to avoid danger before it occurs and thus gives the administration an important preventive role in achieving the principles of social defense and defending society against crime and delinquency. This content is not related to the subject matter of the crime and its seriousness, but is linked to the individual perceived as a human being and social, so the social defense lies mainly in activating the role of administrative control in a comprehensive policy. The first is the role of the Federal Executive in preventing juvenile delinquency, which is divided into two branches: the first regarding the role of the president and the prime minister, the second related to the role of the competent ministers.
قضية حقوق الانسان في العراق بين النص الدستوري والواقع العلمي ودور منظمة الامم المتحدة فيها
Authors: أ. م. د. صدام عبد الستار رشيد
Published: November 2023

احتلت قضية حقوق الإنسـان وحرياته الأساسية أهميـة كبيرة في الدستور العراقي لعام 2005 النافذ، فقد أشـار إلى تلك الحقوق والحريات بشكل واضح ومركز , وأعطى أهميـة ومكانة خاصة لها، ومن ضمن هذه الحقوق والحريات حقه في الحياة وحقه في معاملة عادلة وحقه في الشخصية القانونية وفي العمل والتعليم والمشاركة في الشؤون العامة وفي الجنسية وفي حرية الرأي والتعبير وحقوق عديدة أخرى، وأشـار دستور 2005 إلى تلك الحقوق التي تمتزج فيها الجوانب الفردية بالجماعية التي يتمتع بها الإنسـان كفرد عضو في الجماعة ومن هذه الحقوق: الحقوق الثقافية في التربية والتعليم ومكافحة التمييز, إلّا إنَّ الأوضـاع السياسية والأمنيـة التي شهدها العراق بعد عام 2003 حالت دون تطبيقها بشكل كامل، وهـذا الأمـر أدى إلى تعرضها لِانتقادات من أجل تقويم هذه التجربة وتحقيقها على أرض الواقع وبشكل كامل وهذا ما نشهده وبشكل ملموس وتدريجي.

Occupied the issue of human rights and fundamental freedoms of great importance in the Iraqi constitution of 2005 in force, he pointed out that the rights and freedoms clearly and center and gave the importance of its special status, and within these rights and freedoms is the right such as the right to life and the right to fair treatment and the right to legal personality in employment, education and participation in public affairs and in the sexual freedom of opinion and expression and many other rights, also noted the 2005 constitution to those rights which are mixed with individual collectivism aspects and enjoyed by man as an individual member of the group and these rights: cultural rights in education, anti-discrimination, but The political and security situation that has gripped Iraq after 2003 prevented the application of these rights in full which led to exposure to criticism in order to evaluate this experience and achieve on the ground and fully and this is what we are seeing and significantly .and gradually
الابعاد الاستراتيجية للتوجه الطاقوي الروسي تجاه الاتحاد الاوروبي بعد العام 2000
Authors: محمد عبيد أ.د. قاسم , ميخائيل عيسى سينا
Published: November 2023

إن صعود موارد الطاقة في سلّم أولويات الأمن الوطني والقومي للدول وضمن حسابات عناصر القّوة والتأثير في السياسة الدولية جعل من  مواردها محور استراتيجيات الدول الكبرى ،وبالتحديد دور موارد النفط والغاز الطبيعي في الاستراتيجية الروسية الجديدة التي أُطلقت عام 2000 و ركزت على عودة روسيا من بوابة الاقتصاد الطاقوي، كقوى كبرى ومؤثرة في نظام دولي متعدد الأقطاب تكون فيه قطباً فاعلاً ومؤثراً، وقد شكل هذان الموردان الاستراتيجيان محوراً هاماً في العلاقات بين روسيا الاتحادية والاتحاد الاوربي، وأصبح لهما انعكاسات سياسية واقتصادية وعسكرية على المستوى الداخلي الروسي والمستوى الخارجي المتمثّل بالدرجة الأولى في الاتحاد الأوربي فضلاً عن أطراف أخرى تمثلت بالدول المنتجة لموارد النفط والغاز الطبيعي، والدول التي شكلت ممرات عبور امدادات هذين الموردين إذ أصبحت الأخيرة ساحة للتنافس والصراعات بين روسيا من جهة والاتحاد الأوربي والولايات المتحدة الأميركية من جهة أخرى، في محاولة كل طرف حماية مصالحه الطاقوية على حساب استقرار ومصالح تلك الدول وسيادتها.

 

        The rise of energy resources in the list of national and national securitypriorities of countries and within the calculations of the elements of power and influence in international politics made its resources the focus of the strategies of the major countries, specifically the role of oil and natural gas resources in the new Russian strategy launched in 2000, which focused on Russia's return from the gateway to the energy economy As major and influential powers in a multi-polar international system in which they are an active and influential pole, these two strategic resources have formed an important axis in the relations between.

      the Russian Federation And the European Union, and they have political, economic and military repercussions at the Russian internal level and the external level represented primarily in the European Union in addition to other parties represented by the countries producing oil and natural gas resources and the countries that formed the transit passages for the supply of these two resources as the latter became an arena for competition and conflicts between Russia on the one hand The European Union and the United States of America on the other hand, in each side's attempt to protect their energy interests at the expense of stability, interests and sovereignty of those countries.
वैदिककालीन संस्कृत शिक्षा की प्रमुख विशेषतायें
Authors: तिवारी आदर्श , तिवारी प्रो दान पति
Published: November 2023

वैदिक शिक्षा के आदर्शों व उद्देश्यों की प्राप्ति के लिए तत्कालीन ब्राह्मणों, शिक्षकों ने जिस वैदिक शिक्षा प्रणाली का विकास किया उसकी विशेषताओं का वर्णन करते हुए डा0 एफ0ई0 केई ने लिखा है-’’ब्राह्मण शिक्षकों ने जिस शिक्षा प्रणाली का विकास किया वह न केवल साम्राज्यों के पतन और समाज के परिवर्तन से अप्रभावित रही, वरन् उसने हजारों वर्ष तक उच्च शिक्षा की ज्योति को प्रज्जवलित रखा।’’
भारत में चुनाव आयोग की भूमिका एवं महत्व
Authors: वर्मा बीरेन्द्र , सिंह प्रो जितेन्द्र बहादुर
Published: November 2023

भारत एक लोकतांत्रिक देश है। जबकि भारतीय लोकतंत्र विश्व में सबसे बड़ा लोकतांत्रिक देश है। जिसमें 90 करोड़ से भी अधिक मतदाता है। भारत में चुनावों का आयोजन भारतीय संविधान के तहत बनाये गये भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग द्वारा किया जाता है। यह एक अच्छी तरह स्थापित परंपरा है। एक बार चुनाव प्रक्रिया शुरू होने के बाद कोई भी अदालत चुनाव आयोग द्वारा परिणाम घोषित किये जाने तक किसी भी प्रकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं कर सकते हैं। भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग का गठन 25 जनवरी 1950 (अब राष्ट्रीय मतदाता दिवस के रूप में मनाया जाता है) को किया गया था, जिसका मुख्यालय नई दिल्ली में है, जिसके मुख्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त राजीव कुमार जी हैं। भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग एक स्वात्य एवं अर्धन्यायिक संस्थान है, जिसका गठन भारत में स्वतंत्र एवं निष्पक्ष रूप से भारत के प्रतिनिधिक संस्थानों में प्रतिनिधि चुनने के लिए किया गया था।
संगठित क्षेत्र में कार्यरत महिलाओं के सामाजिक जीवन का अध्ययन
Authors: यादव मेनका , रावत डॉ सूर्यभान
Published: November 2023

प्राचीन काल में मानव के साधन तथा आव‛यकताएँ सीमित होने के कारण उसका घर चलाने का अपना अलग ढंग था, जो कि सुविधामय तथा सीमित था। जैसे-जैसे सभ्यता का विकास होता गया वैसे-वैसे परिवार की आव‛यकताओं में वृद्धि होती गई। साथ ही लक्ष्यों की संख्या की वृद्धि भी होती चली गई। सभी लक्ष्यों की पूर्ति साधनों की सीमितता के कारण सम्भव नहीं था। अतः सोच विचार एवं तर्क-विर्तक के माध्यम से आव‛यकता और लक्ष्यों का चयन करना नितान्त आव‛यक हो गया। आधुनिक युग में सभ्यता चरम सीमा पर पहुँच गई, जिसकी झलक घर की व्यवस्था पर दिखाई देने लगी। जीवन की जटिलताएँ और हो रहें परिवर्तनों के कारण यातायात के साधन तथा सुविधाओं के बढ़ने से अब घर से बाहर के कार्य भी बढ़ गए है। जैसे व्यापार करना नौकरी करना आदि।
‘‘संस्कृत वाङ्मय में लोक कल्याण की व्यापक भावना’’
Authors: विश्वकर्मा राम लाल
Published: November 2023

संस्कृत वि‛व की प्राचीनतम भाषा है यह चिर नूतन भाषा हैं क्योंकि सर्वप्राचीन होने पर भी आज किसी भी भाषा से अधिक युवती है। भारतवर्ष का अधिकांश साहित्य संस्कृत भाषा में ही निबद्ध है। संस्कृत वाङ्मय भारतीय संस्कृति का मूल स्रोत है। इसमें मानव कल्याण की भावना कूट-कूट कर भरी है। संस्कृत-साहित्य ‘सर्वेभवन्तु सुखिनः सर्वे सन्तु निरामयाः। सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु मा कशिचद् दुःखभाग्भवेत्।।1 तथा ‘‘वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्’’2 का डिम-डिम घोष करते हुए समाज कल्याण की अवधारणा को स्पष्ट करता है।
‘‘ग्रामीण सामुदायिक जीवन एवं कार्यशैली में आधुनिकीकरण के बढ़ते प्रचलन का प्रभाव’’
Authors: त्रिपाठी गुंजन , पाठक डॉ (श्रीमती) सुषमा
Published: November 2023

भारत गाँवों का देश है, कृषि यहाँ का मुख्य व्यवसाय रहा है, सरल जीवन की पहचान बनाये हुए गाँव भी अब नगरीय जीवनशैली के प्रभाव से प्रभावित हुए बिना नहीं बच सके हैं। जब कोई समाज पुरातन मूल्यों का परित्याग कर नवीन मूल्यों को आत्मसात करता है तो उसमें कहीं न कहीं आधुनिकीकरण की भूमिका अवश्य होती है। ग्रामीण जीवन मूल्यों का उपभोक्तावादी संस्कृति के माध्यम से जो प्रभाव परिलक्षित हो रहा है उसमें संचार साधनों की भूमिका को नकारा नहीं जा सकता है। यही कारण है कि ग्रामीण जनसंख्या अब नगरीय जनसंख्या से प्रभावित होकर प्राथमिक व्यवसाय में परिवर्तन के साथ-साथ नगरीय क्षेत्रों की ओर प्रवसन आधुनिकीकरण का ही परिणाम कहा जा सकता है।
ग्रामीण महिलाओं की शिक्षा पर नगरीय संस्कृति का प्रभाव: एक समाजशास्त्रीय अध्ययन
Authors: सिंह चन्द्रशेखर , सिंह प्रो अमिता
Published: November 2023

भारतीय समाज की संस्कृति एवं सभ्यता में आदिकाल से ही नारियों की शिक्षा पर बल दिया गया है ‘‘वैदिक युग में स्त्री शिक्षा अपनी उच्चतम सीमा पर थी, वह पुरुषों के समकक्ष बिना भेदभाव के शिक्षा प्राप्त करती थी। वह बुद्धि और ज्ञान के क्षेत्र में अग्रणी थीं। इस युग में अनेक विदुषी महिलाओं यथा-अपाला, घोषा, मैत्रेयी, उर्वशी विश्ववारा, सिकता, लोपामुद्रा, निबावरी, रमेशा आदि का नाम मिलता है। 1 वर्तमान में महिला आबादी को देश की आधी आबादी के नाम से जाना जाने लगा है। अतः किसी भी समाज को पूर्ण विकसित बनाने के लिए उसकी सम्पूर्ण आबादी का शिक्षित होना आवाश्यक है।
Do Hotels and Mixed-Use Projects Benefit Each Other? Evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Yun , Tang Chun-Hung (Hugo) , Zhang Yunzi
Published: November 2023

Purpose: In China, many mixed-use projects included a luxury hotel on the property. The present study aims to answer two questions: Do mixed-use projects benefit from including a hotel? Do hotels benefit from being located in a project? Design/Methodology/Approach: The present study collected a sample of 76 mixed-use projects from Sina Commercial Real Estate database (Sydc.sina.com.cn). Hotel performance data are provided by STR. A hedonic model was used to test hotels’ effect on office rents and residential unit prices in mixed-projects. A matched-subjects designed was used to analyze the effect of mixed-use projects on hotel performance. Key Findings: The analysis indicate that mixed-use projects with hotels have higher residence price, but not office rent, compared to projects without a hotel. Hotels located in a mixed-use project have higher RevPAR and ADR than their stand-alone counterparts, but there is no difference in occupancy rate. Implications for Practice: Mixed-use project developers could consider increasing the number of units in the service apartment to take advantage of the residential unit price premium. Hotels located in a mixed-use project could command a premium ADR without losing occupancy to their stand-alone counterparts. They could aim to preserve their price premium and expand the market with service or product instead of discounts. Originality/Value: This study empirically tested the effects of a common practice adopted by Chinese mixed-use developers. The results could help mix-use developers and hotel operators by pointing out the specific channels that deliver the benefits of including a hotel in mixed-use projects. Relevance of the Topic: In China, some local governments may request mixed-use projects to include a luxury hotel as a condition for investment incentives. However, it may not be easy for those hotels to reach breakeven quickly in saturated markets. As a result, some developers may hope to leverage the hotel brand to enhance the value of other components in the project (Rapoza, 2012). The present study tested the economic implications of this phenomenon from the project’s and the hotel’s perspectives.
PERJALANAN DAN PROBLEMATIKA KONSTITUSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sembiring Rizki khairunisa , Munthe Abdul Kholik , Falah Abdul Syahir , Sihotang Ayu Saniah , Dalimunthe Anazwa Khairani , Khairiyah Anis , Amalia Dwi Rizki , Purba Gita Rahmayani , Rezeki Syahri Anggi , Sulastri Tyara
Published: November 2023

Konstitusi adalah kesepakatan antara semua rakyat suatu negara, yang berkaitan erat dengan bentuk pembangunan negara yang diinginkan. Konstitusi bertindak sebagai sumber hukum yang tertinggi karena merupakan perwujudan dari kontrak sosial semua manusia yang berdaulat dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejarah konstitusi pertama NKRI, perkembangan dan perubahan konstitusi, serta problematika perubahan konstitusi di Indonesia. Dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi Pustaka, yang mana data ini dihasilkan dari buku-buku, jurnal ilmiah, media massa dan internet serta referensi lain yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terbentuknya konstitusi di Indonesia berawal saat penjajahan Jepang, terjadinya perubahan konstitusi sebanyak empat kali, serta adanya suatu masalah yang menyebabkan perubahan pada konstitusi di Indonesia.

 

Kata Kunci: Konstitusi, Negara, perjalanan dan problematika
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Demokrasi dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Nst Nurul aini , Ahmad Fuadi
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan berperan penting dalam memupuk nilai-nilai demokrasi. Implementasi nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam pembelajaran di sekolah membentuk generasi yang memahami prinsip-prinsip demokrasi dan memiliki keterampilan berpartisipasi aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam pembelajaran. Metode penelitian deskriptif digunakan dengan analisis literatur dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa langkah-langkah penting dalam implementasi nilai-nilai demokrasi meliputi menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran inklusif, mendorong partisipasi aktif siswa, dan mengadopsi evaluasi yang demokratis. Lingkungan inklusif memastikan ruang aman bagi semua siswa untuk berpartisipasi. Partisipasi aktif siswa dalam pengambilan keputusan kelompok dan proses pembelajaran juga penting. Evaluasi yang demokratis melibatkan siswa dalam penilaian dan refleksi, serta memberikan umpan balik yang konstruktif. Implementasi nilai-nilai demokrasi dalam pembelajaran dapat membantu membentuk sikap demokratis, keterampilan sosial, dan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang prinsip-prinsip demokrasi pada generasi muda.
Educational administrators’ perceptions of influential factors in cultivating and enhancing professional competencies among preschool teachers in the Southeastern region of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hien Thi , Tran Van-Trung
Published: November 2023

This study comprehensively explores the intricate factors influencing the management of fostering and developing professional competence among preschool teachers in the Southeastern Region of Vietnam. Examining subjective factors (self-study, leadership roles, decentralization, and coordination) reveals individual perspectives driving effective teacher development. This study has 104 administrators. To ensure a representative sample, a random sampling method was employed for participant selection. The analysis underscores the significance of continuous self-improvement (M = 4.15, SD = 0.99), the pivotal role of school leadership (M = 3.40, SD = 0.79), and collaborative efforts (M= 3.99, SD = 0.87) in advancing professional growth. Simultaneously, the investigation of objective factors (socio-economic conditions, educational renovation, educational science, and institutional diversity) highlights broader systemic influences. The analysis underscores the importance of contextual considerations (M = 2.96, SD = 0.97), evidence-based practices (M = 4.12, SD = 0.82), and varied educational settings (M = 3.12, SD = 0.71) in shaping successful strategies for professional development. The synthesis of these results emphasizes the dynamic interplay between individual viewpoints and systemic forces in the realm of teacher training administration. This research not only enriches our understanding of the nuanced factors influencing professional competence development but also offers actionable insights for informed decision-making within the domain of early childhood education. By capitalizing on these findings, educators, administrators, and policymakers can collectively contribute to the cultivation of skilled preschool teachers, thereby fostering a more robust and impactful early learning environment in the Southeastern Region of Vietnam.
The Relationship between Psychological Inflexibility and Academic Anxiety among School Children Preparing for their Board Exams: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kumar Raj , Nirmal Saadhvi , Veerabalajikumar Srilekha , Ramasubramanian Vikhram , . Bijulakshmi
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Many school children experience psychological inflexibility, which leads to anxiety regarding their academic wellbeing, subsequently affecting their psychological well-being. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the relationship between psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety among school children, understand the sociodemographic characteristics of the selected participants, and identify significant mean differences in subgroups based on sociodemographic details in relation to psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety. Aim: To examine the relationship between psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety in students who were preparing for their board exams. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study involved the selection of 348 school children from 9th to 12th grade in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, using simple random sampling. Data collection took place from March 2021 to June 2021. The study employed a 17-item Acceptance and Fusion Questionnaire (AFQ17), a 25-item academic anxiety scale, and a semi-structured interview schedule. The data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Services (SPSS) software, version 19.0. Descriptive statistics were used, and the Pearson's correlation method was employed to determine the relationship between variables. Additionally, a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to identify significant mean differences between demographic variables, with a 95% confidence level and p-value<0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of the total 348 participants, majority 184 (52.9%) were in the age group of 16 to 18 years. The results indicate a positive correlation (r=0.117, p<0.05) between the level of psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety among school children. Furthermore, significant relationships were found between psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety in terms of age and gender. Conclusion: The present study highlights a positive correlation between psychological inflexibility and academic anxiety. It emphasises the importance of raising awareness, promoting psychological flexibility, and reducing academic anxiety among school children.
Risk Assessment of Type II Diabetes using Indian Diabetic Risk Score in Andhra Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kumari P Sudha , Naik M Siva Durga Prasad , Parisapogu Anusha , Jetty Leena Josephin , . Vishnupriya
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Diabetes has emerged as a global pandemic of the 21st century, with approximately 463 million adults (aged 20- 79 years) living with diabetes worldwide in 2019. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes compared to Type 1 and other forms. The burden of diabetes in India is expected to increase in the coming years. The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) is a validated and cost-effective tool used to identify the risk of developing diabetes among the population. Aim: To estimate the risk of T2DM using the IDRS in adults aged 25 years and above. Additionally, the study aimed to explore the association between the risk of diabetes and other factors. Materials and Methods: An observational, community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India. Data collection took place from December 2022 to February 2023, using a simple random sampling technique. The study included residents aged over 25. A sample size of 100 participants was selected. The IDRS, developed by the Madras Diabetic Research Foundation (MDRF), was used as a validated tool to screen individuals at high-risk of developing T2DM. Data was collected using a semistructured questionnaire that included socio-demographic information, the IDRS tool to detect the risk of developing diabetes, and other risk factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI), family history of diabetes, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and hypertension. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The Chi-square test was used to determine significance, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 100 residents aged over 25 years were included in the study. IDRS categorisation revealed that 14 (14%) were at low risk, 43 (43%) at moderate risk, and 43 (43%) at high-risk for developing T2DM, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between diabetes risk score and individuals who smoked (p=0.04), consumed alcohol (p=0.04), and had hypertension (p<0.001). BMI showed a positive correlation with IDRS score (p=0.031), family history score (p=0.028), and waist circumference score (p=0.034). Conclusion: Early detection of the risk of diabetes through periodic screening and effective behavioural change communication could be instrumental in controlling the diabetes crisis.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome Complicated by Unilateral Pleural Effusion and Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report
Authors: Bhutda Shricha , Acharya Sourya , Taori Badal , Bhutda Sakshi , Sharma Ritika
Published: November 2023

Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APLA) are autoantibodies directed against phospholipid-binding proteins. The development of thromboses in veins/arteries or the incidence of maternal morbidity, particularly miscarriages, in the presence of APLA constitutes Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). These Antiphospholipids (APLs) include antibodies against two glycoproteins, anticardiolipin antibodies, and Lupus Anticoagulant (LA). APLs are a diverse group of autoantibodies that have been linked to thrombus development, elevated maternal morbidity and mortality, and other symptoms that collectively constitute APS. Approximately half of APS cases are secondary disorders, while the remaining cases are autoimmune co-morbidities such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). This multisystem disorder mainly causes venous and arterial thrombosis and can also manifest as cutaneous, pulmonary, renal, and haematological involvement. APLA syndrome with pleural effusion is a rare complication. Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome can develop various types of pulmonary disease. The authors present the case of a 38-year-old male patient with a history of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and psoriasis, a known case of APLA syndrome, who presented with neck pain and breathlessness. Pulmonary embolism was ruled out, and the patient was discharged on oral anticoagulants. The present case highlights APLA as the culprit for the myriad presentations in the present case.
Analysis of the Suitability of Potential Regional Leading Sectors and Expertise Competencies of Vocational High Schools in Boalemo District
Authors: Machmoed Buyung R. , Purnamawati  , Nur Hasanah
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the potential of regional excellence in Boalemo Regency and determine the suitability of SMK areas of expertise with the potential of regional leading sectors. This research was conducted in Boalemo Regency, in ten vocational schools spread across 7 sub-districts. The method used in this study is a combination of sequential explanatory model with location qoutient (LQ) data analysis and qualitative data analysis. Based on the analysis of LQ data, it was obtained that the fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries business have an LQ value of 1.44, wholesale and retail trade; Car and motorcycle repairs with a value of 1.099, and government administration, defense and compulsory social security have an LQ value of 1.01. In the interview, it was found that agriculture, fisheries, animal husbandry and tourism are the leading sectors of the region. In accordance with the leading sectors of the region, there are 11 competencies of expertise. Meanwhile, the competence of expertise that is not in accordance with the leading sectors of the region there are 7 expertise competencies. Thec ompetence of expertise in the field of tourism businesses such as Tourism Travel Business, Hospitality, Hospitality Accommodation and Fashion Design is in accordance with the leading sector of the region because the tourism sector cannot be measured using LQ analysis but uses interview techniques. The recommended expertise competencies include Plant Breeding and Seeding, Forest Resources Conservation Techniques, Forest Rehabilitation and Relaxation Techniques, Freshwater Fisheries Agribusiness, Online Business and Marketing, Retail and Marine Tourism &; Ecotourism.
Evaluate the Effect of Different Packaging Materials on the Shelf Life and Quality of Banana Fruit
Authors: Pradhan Abhishek , Poonam  , Sikarwar Rahul Singh , Kushwah Asha
Published: November 2023

The experiment was carried out to determine the impact of shelf life on banana cv. grand naine under various packing materials during storage for the current study in the Department of Horticulture lab at ITMU from October to December 2022. In this experiment, low-density polybags and black newspaper bags were employed as packing materials. paper bag, cardboard gunny bag high-density polybag white paddy straw with banana leaves Banana samples were taken at intervals of four days after each treatment to test a range of biological and physical traits, including pH, physiological weight, and peel colour. As these values were given for the analyses of variance and ANNOVA, the treatment group showed the greatest physiological weight reduction as compared to the control group; however, the Treatment T6 high-density white polybag showed the lowest physiological weight loss and the most appealing colour. is recorded in the treatment T6 high-density white polybag, whereas the peel's least yellow hue is observed throughout treatment to regulate the highest total soluble solid brix value was recorded in Treatment T1 low-density black polybag, and the minimum values recorded for these parameters are found in Treatment T0 control, while the maximum ph value was recorded in Treatment T7 banana leaf and the minimum ph value was noted in Treatment T0 control. According to the observational data, the banana fruit's pH rose as it ripened, further from the present experimental findings. The best packaging material suitable for the enhancement of shelf life and maintenance of visual appearance and quality for bananas is low-density black polythene Treatment T1.