bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and catalytic properties of copper silicate nanomaterials
Authors: Bawaked Salem , Narasimharao Katabathini
Published: January 2020

Nanosized copper silicates with three different structural morphology (amorphous, nanotubes and MEL) were prepared using different synthesis methods. The physico-chemical properties of copper silicates were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, HRTEM, N2-physisorption, XPS and H2-TPR techniques. The results indicated that the preparation conditions affect reduction behavior and textural properties of nanosized copper silicates. Hydrothermal synthesis method yielded chrysocolla-like CuSiO3 nanotubes, which possessed high surface area and pore volume with easy reducibility. The catalytic performances of synthesized copper silicate nanostructures were evaluated for dehydrogenation of methanol. It was found that dehydrogenation activity is depended on the structural properties of copper silicates. Highest activity was observed for copper silicates with nanotube morphology. Catalytic dehydrogenation activity of copper silicates was also related to presence of more number of Cu-O-Si species, easy reducibility and Lewis acid centers. The CuSiO3 nanotubes sample also exhibited good stability under investigated reaction conditions that deactivation was not detected for 48 h.
Enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation and PD-L1 expression in myeloid dendritic cells indicate impaired IL-27Ralpha signaling in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Parackova Z. , Vrabcova P. , Zentsova I. , Kayserova J. , Richtrova I. , Sojka L. , Stechova K. , Sumnik Z. , Sediva A.
Published: January 2020

Interleukin 27 (IL-27), a member of the IL-12 family, is important for T cell differentiation; however, little is known about its effect on dendritic cells (DCs). IL-27 can activate multiple signaling cascades, including the JAK/STAT pathway, and depending on the setting it can both promote and antagonize inflammatory responses. An anti-inflammatory function of IL-27 has been reported in several autoimmune diseases; however, in type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune disease where autoreactive cytotoxic T cells attack insulin-producing beta cells, IL-27 has been shown to have a dual role and contradictory effects. Here, we show impaired IL-27 signaling in a large cohort of T1D patients (n = 51) compared to age- and gender-matched healthy donors. Increased expression of the IL-27 receptor subunit IL-27Ralpha mRNA in purified myeloid DCs (mDCs), detected by gene expression microarrays was mirrored by enhanced signal transduction in T1D mDCs in response to IL-27 stimulation. Higher STAT phosphorylation in T1D patients was also accompanied by elevated expression of the inhibitory molecules PD-L1, PD-L2 and PD-1, which may suggest not only immunomodulatory mechanisms of IL-27 in T1D but also a compensatory effort of T1D dendritic cells against the ongoing inflammation.
Serum C-reactive protein and albumin are useful biomarkers for tight control management of Crohn’s disease in Japan
Authors: Shiga Hisashi , Abe Izuru , Onodera Motoyuki , Moroi Rintaro , Kuroha Masatake , Kanazawa Yoshitake , Kakuta Yoichi , Endo Katsuya , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi
Published: January 2020

Tight control management of Crohn’s disease (CD) based on biomarkers is more effective than conventional clinical management; however, fecal calprotectin is not allowed in Asian and some Western countries. To investigate whether tight control management based on readily available serum biomarkers results in better outcomes, we retrospectively reviewed treatment courses of consecutive Japanese CD patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents between 2003 and 2018. The association between failure of tight control (C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or albumin (Alb) < 3.8 g/dL at week 8 or 24) and subsequent major adverse outcomes (MAOs; hospitalization related to CD worsening, surgery, and discontinuation due to treatment failure) were analyzed. Among 223 patients followed for >8 weeks, 88 patients experienced MAOs. Multivariate analysis identified penetrating type, CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dL and Alb < 3.8 g/dL at week 8 as independent risk factors (hazard ratios: 2.16, 2.06, and 2.08, respectively). Among 204 patients followed for >24 weeks, 80 patients experienced MAOs. Penetrating type, CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dL, and Alb < 3.8 g/dL at week 24 were identified as independent risk factors (2.39, 1.90, and 2.20, respectively). Even in settings without fecal calprotectin, tight control management based on serum CRP and Alb may help avoid MAOs.
Three-Dimensional Printing of the Nasal Cavities for Clinical Experiments
Authors: Valtonen Olli , Ormiskangas Jaakko , Kivekäs Ilkka , Rantanen Ville , Dean Marc , Poe Dennis , Järnstedt Jorma , Lekkala Jukka , Saarenrinne Pentti , Rautiainen Markus
Published: January 2020

3D printing has produced many beneficial applications for surgery. The technique´s applicability in replicating nasal cavity anatomy for clinical use has not been studied. Our aim was to determine whether 3D printing could realistically replicate the nasal cavities and the airflow passing through them from a clinical point of view. We included Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of five patients with symptoms of chronic nasal congestion. These CBCT scans were used to print plastic 3D prints of the nasal cavities, which were also CBCT scanned and the measurements were compared. The results in vivo were higher than the results in vitro in maxillary sinus volumes with a ratio of 1.05 ± 0.01 (mean ± SD) and in the nasal cavities with a ratio of 1.20 ± 0.1 (mean ± SD). Linear measurements in vitro were very close to those in vivo. Rhinomanometric results showed some differences, but rhinomanometric graphs in vitro were close to the graphs in vivo. 3D printing proved to be a suitable and fast method for replicating nasal cavity structures and for the experimental testing of nasal function. It can be used as a complementary examination tool for rhinomanometry.
In vivo rescue of recombinant Zika virus from an infectious cDNA clone and its implications in vaccine development
Authors: Ávila-Pérez Gines , Nogales Aitor , Park Jun-Gyu , Vasquez Desarey Morales , Dean David A. , Barravecchia Michael , Perez Daniel R. , Almazán Fernando , Martínez-Sobrido Luis
Published: January 2020

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne member of the Flaviviridae family that has been known to circulate for decades causing mild febrile illness. The more recent ZIKV outbreaks in the Americas and the Caribbean associated with congenital malformations and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults have placed public health officials in high alert and highlight the significant impact of ZIKV on human health. New technologies to study the biology of ZIKV and to develop more effective prevention options are highly desired. In this study we demonstrate that direct delivery in mice of an infectious ZIKV cDNA clone allows the rescue of recombinant (r)ZIKV in vivo. A bacterial artificial chromosome containing the sequence of ZIKV strain Paraiba/2015 under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter was complexed with a commercial transfection reagent and administrated using different routes in type-I interferon receptor deficient A129 mice. Clinical signs and death associated with ZIKV viremia were observed in mice. The rZIKV recovered from these mice remained fully virulent in a second passage in mice. Interestingly, infectious rZIKV was also recovered after intraperitoneal inoculation of the rZIKV cDNA in the absence of transfection reagent. Further expanding these studies, we demonstrate that a single intraperitoneal inoculation of a cDNA clone encoding an attenuated rZIKV was safe, highly immunogenic, and provided full protection against lethal ZIKV challenge. This novel in vivo reverse genetics method is a potentially suitable delivery platform for the study of wild-type and live-attenuated ZIKV devoid of confounding factors typical associated with in vitro systems. Moreover, our results open the possibility of employing similar in vivo reverse genetic approaches for the generation of other viruses and, therefore, change the way we will use reverse genetics in the future.
Author Correction: Repression of phagocytosis by human CD33 is not conserved with mouse CD33
Authors: Bhattacherjee Abhishek , Rodrigues Emily , Jung Jaesoo , Luzentales-Simpson Matthew , Enterina Jhon R. , Galleguillos Danny , St. Laurent Chris D. , Nakhaei-Nejad Maryam , Fuchsberger Felix F. , Streith Laura , Wang Qian , Kawasaki Norihito , Duan Shiteng , Bains Arjun , Paulson James C. , Rademacher Christoph , Giuliani Fabrizio , Sipione Simonetta , Macauley Matthew S.
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Surface-enhanced spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy (SESORS) for detection of neurochemicals through the skull at physiologically relevant concentrations
Authors: Moody Amber S. , Payne Taylor D. , Barth Brian A. , Sharma Bhavya
Published: January 2020

Detection techniques for neurotransmitters that are rapid, label-free, and non-invasive are needed to move towards earlier diagnosis of neurological disease.
Current developments in LC-MS for pharmaceutical analysis
Authors: Beccaria Marco , Cabooter Deirdre
Published: January 2020

Liquid chromatography (LC) based techniques in combination with mass spectrometry (MS) detection have had a large impact on the development of new pharmaceuticals in the past decades.
Rapid and sensitive detection of drugs of abuse in sweat by multiplexed capillary based immuno-biosensors
Authors: Xue Wen , Tan Xiaotian , Khaing Oo Maung Kyaw , Kulkarni Girish , Ilgen Mark A. , Fan Xudong
Published: January 2020

Drugs of abuse detection by multiplexed capillary based immuno-biosensors with competitive ELISA.
An ICT-based fluorescent probe with bridging Si–O–Si bonds for visualizing hydrogen sulfide in lipid droplets and its application
Authors: Wang Xiaoni , Zuo Yujing , Zhang Yu , Yang Tingxin , Lin Weiying
Published: January 2020

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is considered as an important endogenous gaseous signaling molecule in biological systems.
Computational investigation of chalcogenide spinel conductors for all-solid-state Mg batteries
Authors: Koettgen Julius , Bartel Christopher J. , Ceder Gerbrand
Published: January 2020

Lanthanoid cations enable fast Mg2+ mobility in spinel chalcogenides but destabilize the spinel structure beyond a critical size.
Tracing and elucidating visible-light mediated oxidation and C–H functionalization of amines using mass spectrometry
Authors: Ai Wanpeng , Gao Yunpeng , Xue Jinjuan , Liu Xiaoyun , Liu Huwei , Wang Jianbo , Bai Yu
Published: January 2020

The mechanism of visible-light mediated direct oxidation and C–H functionalization of amines was investigated by capturing all intermediates using mass spectrometry.
Preferential solvation ofp-nitroaniline in a binary mixture of chloroform and hydrogen bond acceptor solvents: the role of specific solute–solvent hydrogen bonding
Authors: Malik Prakash Kumar , Tripathy Madhusmita , Kajjam Aravind Babu , Patel Sabita
Published: January 2020

Solute–solvent H-bonding in binary solvent mixtures may increase the local concentration at specific sites resulting in location specific preferential solvation.
Unravelling the mechanism of the organocatalyzed aminolytic kinetic resolution of α-nitroepoxides: a theoretical study
Authors: Capobianco Amedeo , Meninno Sara , Lattanzi Alessandra
Published: January 2020

The mechanism of the aminolytic kinetic resolution of 2-methyl-2-nitro-3-phenyl oxirane with aniline in the presence of Takemoto's catalyst is disclosed by way of DFT calculations.
High-temperature heterogeneous catalysis in platinum nanoparticle – molten salt suspensions
Authors: Tangeysh Behzad , Palmer Clarke , Metiu Horia , Gordon Michael J. , McFarland Eric W.
Published: January 2020

Suspensions of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were formed in molten LiCl–LiBr–KBr via thermal decomposition of H2PtCl6, and subsequently evaluated for thermal stability and CO oxidation activity.
Fabrication of a core–shell MFI@TON material and its enhanced catalytic performance for toluene alkylation
Authors: Liu Suyao , Zhang Huaike , Chen Huimin , Chen Zhiqiang , Zhang Liwei , Ren Jie , Wen Xiaodong , Yang Yong , Li Yong-Wang
Published: January 2020

Core–shell MFI@TON composites were designed and synthesized as a highly shape-selective catalyst for toluene alkylation by passivating the nonselective acid sites and tuning the diffusion behavior.
Bolaform surfactant-directed synthesis of TS-1 zeolite nanosheets for catalytic epoxidation of bulky cyclic olefins
Authors: Li Na , Wang Manyun , You Qing , Bi Chenyao , Chen Huiyong , Liu Baoyu , Sun Ming , Hao Qingqing , Zhang Jianbo , Ma Xiaoxun
Published: January 2020

Hierarchical TS-1 nanosheets were hydrothermally synthesized by using a bolaform surfactant as the structure-directing agent and exhibited improved catalytic performance and superior recyclability in the epoxidation of cyclohexene and cyclooctene.
Hydroboration of internal alkynes catalyzed by FeH(CO)(NO)(PPh3)2: a case of boron-source controlled regioselectivity
Authors: Rami Fabian , Bächtle Franziska , Plietker Bernd
Published: January 2020

The Fe–H complex FeH(CO)(NO)(Ph3P)2 catalyzes the stereoselective, regiodivergent hydroboration of internal alkynes using either pinacolborane (HBpin) or bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2) as a boron source.
Glass wool supported ruthenium complexes: versatile, recyclable heterogeneous photoredox catalysts
Authors: Teixeira Rodolfo I. , de Lucas Nanci C. , Garden Simon J. , Lanterna Anabel E. , Scaiano Juan C.
Published: January 2020

Versatile and recyclable heterogeneous photocatalysts based on the use of glass wool supported ruthenium complexes and organic dyes.
Highly durable photoelectrochemical H2O2 production via dual photoanode and cathode processes under solar simulating and external bias-free conditions
Authors: Jeon Tae Hwa , Kim Hyejin , Kim Hyoung-il , Choi Wonyong
Published: January 2020

A phosphate (P)- and Mo-modified BiVO4 photoanode and AQ-modified carbon cathode achieve efficient and durable photoelectrochemical production of H2O2 through dual processes.
Ellagic acid rescues motor and cognitive deficits in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease by lowering mutant huntingtin protein
Authors: Sun Xun , Zhu Jie , Sun Xiao-ying , Ji Mei , Yu Xiao-lin , Liu Rui-tian
Published: January 2020

Ellagic acid significantly attenuated motor and cognitive deficits and ameliorated neuropathological features in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Metabolomics reveals the toxicological effects of polar compounds from frying palm oil
Authors: Yuan Liyang , Jiang Fan , Cao Xinyu , Liu Yuanfa , Xu Yong-Jiang
Published: January 2020

Polar compounds exhibit toxicological effects on murine health by impairing lipid and energy metabolism.
The near-infrared luminescence and magnetism of dinuclear complexes with different local symmetries constructed from a β-diketonate co-ligand and bis-Schiff base ligand
Authors: Chen Huan-Huan , Wu Dong-Fang , Duan Yao-Yao , Li Ling , Wang Yun-Juan , Zhang Xue-Mei , Cui Jian-Zhong , Gao Hong-Ling
Published: January 2020

A DyIII-complex based on a β-diketonate co-ligand and bi-Schiff base ligand displays slow magnetic relaxation behavior.
A synergistic Bi2S3/MXene composite with enhanced performance as an anode material of sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Qiuju , Gao Wei , Zhong Wei , Tao Mengli , Qi Yuruo , Bao Shu-juan , Xu Maowen
Published: January 2020

The synergistic Bi2S3/MXene composite was synthesized by a facile method and it exhibits good electrochemical performance for sodium-ion battery.
Biomineralization-inspired nanozyme for single-wavelength laser activated photothermal-photodynamic synergistic treatment against hypoxic tumors
Authors: Xu Pengping , Wang Xueying , Li Tuanwei , Wu Huihui , Li Lingli , Chen Zhaolin , Zhang Lei , Guo Zhen , Chen Qianwang
Published: January 2020

Bio-inspired multifunctional nanozyme enables synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy for hypoxic solid tumors in vivo.
C-2 auxiliaries for stereoselective glycosylation based on common additive functional groups
Authors: de Kleijne Frank F. J. , Moons Sam J. , White Paul B. , Boltje Thomas J.
Published: January 2020

The stereoselective introduction of the glycosidic bond is one of the main challenges in chemical oligosaccharide synthesis.
Substrate-independent Cu(0)-mediated controlled radical polymerization: grafting of block copolymer brushes from poly(dopamine) modified surfaces
Authors: Hafner Daniel , Jordan Rainer
Published: January 2020

A method is presented combining poly(dopamine) chemistry and surface-initiated Cu(0)-mediated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CuCRP). Polymer brushes and block copolymer brushes are grafted independent of the original surface properties.
Two novel colorimetric fluorescent probes: Hg2+ and Al3+ in the visual colorimetric recognition environment
Authors: Zhong Wenxia , Wang Lizhen , Fang Shimin , Qin Dawei , Zhou Jianhua , Yang Geng , Duan Hongdong
Published: January 2020

Two new dual channel Schiff base fluorescent probes, Tri-R6G and Tri-Flu, were synthesized, and can detect Hg2+ and Al3+, respectively.
Platinized agarose microspheres as a new modifier in graphite paste electrodes for the electrochemical determination of 4-aminophenol
Authors: Tohidinia M. , Biabangard A. , Noroozifar M.
Published: January 2020

In the environment, 4-aminophenol (4-AP) is present as a highly toxic compound and water pollutant.
Comparison of two different nickel oxide films for electrochemical reduction of imidacloprid
Authors: Liu Zongyu , Tian Ying , Zhou Xiaohui , Liu Xiao , Huang Liping
Published: January 2020

A nickel oxide (NiO) thin film was successfully prepared on Ni foilviaa sol–gel method and a reduced state nickel oxide (r-NiO) thin film was obtained by etching NiO with hydrazine hydrate solution.
Therapeutic potential of dithiocarbamate supported gold compounds
Authors: Adokoh Christian K.
Published: January 2020

Chrysotherapy or aurotherapy, the use of gold as medicine, is two thousand years old.
Selective catalytic degradation of a lignin model compound into phenol over transition metal sulfates
Authors: Wu Min-ya , Lin Jian-tao , Xu Zhuang-qin , Hua Tian-ci , Lv Yuan-cai , Liu Yi-fan , Pei Rui-han , Wu Qiong , Liu Ming-hua
Published: January 2020

An efficient method for degradation of benzyl phenyl ether using NiSO4·6H2O as catalyst.
A selective and easily recyclable dimer based on a calix[4]pyrrole derivative for the removal of mercury(ii) from water
Authors: Danil de Namor Angela F. , Alharthi Salman , Howlin Brendan , Al Hakawati Nawal
Published: January 2020

A recyclable mercury(ii) selective dimer based on a calix[4]pyrrole derivative has been synthesised and characterised by mass and FT-IR spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX).
Synthesis of monolithic shape-stabilized phase change materials with high mechanical stability via a porogen-assisted in situ sol–gel process
Authors: Marske Felix , Martins de Souza e Silva Juliana , Wehrspohn Ralf B. , Hahn Thomas , Enke Dirk
Published: January 2020

Nanoconfinement of PCMs in core-shell-like silica structures via an inexpensive porogen-assisted sol–gel process to produce shape-stabilized PCMs as monoliths with high mechanical stability and high loading capacity.
Characterization of foam flowing in a granular medium in the presence of oil by small angle neutron scattering
Authors: Poryles Raphaël , Chevalier Thibaud , Gland Nicolas , Rosenberg Elisabeth , Barré Loïc
Published: January 2020

We present an experimental study of foam-flow characterization inside a 3D granular media packed in a cell. We show that flow behavior is related to foam microstructure.
Precise control of the size and gap between gold nanocubes by surface-based synthesis for high SERS performance
Authors: Omar Rana , En Naciri Aotmane , Fahes Abeer , Jradi Safi , Issa Ali , Kuznetsov Dmitry , Shur Vladimir , Zelenovskiy Pavel , Battie Yann , Akil Suzanna
Published: January 2020

Gold nanocubes with tunable size and interparticle gap were produced by altering the spin-coating speed of PMMA/gold precursor dispersion on silicon substrate. Then, their optical properties were provided by spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements.
Hydrogen/functionalized benzoquinone for a high-performance regenerative fuel cell as a potential large-scale energy storage platform
Authors: Rubio-Garcia Javier , Kucernak Anthony , Parra-Puerto Andres , Liu Rutao , Chakrabarti Barun
Published: January 2020

A functionalised benzoquinone redox species is coupled to the hydrogen/proton reaction to achieve a respectable reversible redox fuel cell (RFC).
A universal strategy to obtain highly redox-active porous carbons for efficient energy storage
Authors: Song Ziyang , Miao Ling , Li Liangchun , Zhu Dazhang , Lv Yaokang , Xiong Wei , Duan Hui , Wang Zhiwei , Gan Lihua , Liu Mingxian
Published: January 2020

A universal route based on benzoquinone and amines with different chemical structures and compositions is developed to engineer geometrically tailored, highly redox-active O/N codoped porous carbons for high-efficiency energy storage.
Sequential release of drugs form a dual-delivery system based on pH-responsive nanofibrous mats towards wound care
Authors: Guo Huiwen , Tan Shaojie , Gao Jing , Wang Lu
Published: January 2020

Using Chitosan/PEO as the shell and PCL as the core, chitosan–polyethylene oxide/polycaprolactone nanofibrous mats were prepared successfully by coaxial electrospinning for co-load and sequential co-delivery of two drugs.
Genetically encoded light-up RNA aptamers and their applications for imaging and biosensing
Authors: Swetha Puchakayala , Fan Ze , Wang Fenglin , Jiang Jian-Hui
Published: January 2020

Light-up RNA aptamers and their applications in bioimaging and biosensing of small ligands and biomacromolecules are described.
Triple cation perovskite doped with the small molecule F4TCNQ for highly efficient stable photodetectors
Authors: Khan Abbas Ahmad , Azam Muhammad , Eric Deborah , Liang Guangxing , Yu Zhinong
Published: January 2020

An appropriate amount of F4TCNQ enhances the grain size and reduces grain boundaries with high performance and high stability.
Transparent, high-strength, stretchable, sensitive and anti-freezing poly(vinyl alcohol) ionic hydrogel strain sensors for human motion monitoring
Authors: Pan Shenxin , Xia Meng , Li Hanhong , Jiang Xueliang , He Peixin , Sun Zhengguang , Zhang Yuhong
Published: January 2020

Transparent, high-strength, stretchable, sensitive and anti-freezing poly(vinyl alcohol) ionic hydrogel sensors were facilely fabricated for human motion monitoring.
Controllable fabrication of α-Ni(OH)2 thin films with preheating treatment for long-term stable electrochromic and energy storage applications
Authors: Su Chunhua , Qiu Meijia , An Yipeng , Sun Siyuan , Zhao Chuanxi , Mai Wenjie
Published: January 2020

Long-term stable, fast switching α-Ni(OH)2 electrodes for electrochromic energy storage application has been fabricated by one-step preheating treatment. The cost-effective fabrication is expected to expand to other metal hydroxide materials.
Polymorphism inN,N′-dialkyl-naphthalene diimides
Authors: Milita Silvia , Liscio Fabiola , Cowen Lewis , Cavallini Massimiliano , Drain Ben A. , Degousée Thibault , Luong Sally , Fenwick Oliver , Guagliardi Antonietta , Schroeder Bob C. , Masciocchi Norberto
Published: January 2020

N-Alkyl naphthalene diimides show a highly versatile thermally-induced polymorphic behavior, including liquid crystalline mesophases, fully characterized in powders and thin films by combining thermal, diffraction and imaging techniques.
A Zr-cluster based thermostable, self-healing and adaptive metallogel with chromogenic properties responds to multiple stimuli with reversible radical interaction
Authors: Zhang Ya-Jun , Shen Feng-Juan , Li Ya-Juan , Pang Xue-Lei , Zhang Cong , Ren Ju-Jie , Yu Xu-Dong
Published: January 2020

A Zr-cluster based metallogel is synthesized via an unusual one-pot solvothermal method. The gel displays outstanding mechanical and stimuli-responsive properties, which could be used as soft electrochromic devices.
Delineating a role for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in diabetic kidney disease by targeting cyclophilin D
Authors: Lindblom Runa S.J. , Higgins Gavin C. , Nguyen Tuong-Vi , Arnstein Maryann , Henstridge Darren C. , Granata Cesare , Snelson Matthew , Thallas-Bonke Vicki , Cooper Mark E. , Forbes Josephine M. , Coughlan Melinda T.
Published: January 2020

Mitochondrial stress has been widely observed in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a functional component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) which allows the exchange of ions and solutes between the mitochondrial matrix to induce mitochondrial swelling and activation of cell death pathways. CypD has been successfully targeted in other disease contexts to improve mitochondrial function and reduced pathology. Two approaches were used to elucidate the role of CypD and the mPTP in DKD. Firstly, mice with a deletion of the gene encoding CypD (Ppif−/−) were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ) and followed for 24 weeks. Secondly, Alisporivir, a CypD inhibitor was administered to the db/db mouse model (5 mg/kg/day oral gavage for 16 weeks). Ppif−/− mice were not protected against diabetes-induced albuminuria and had greater glomerulosclerosis than their WT diabetic littermates. Renal hyperfiltration was lower in diabetic Ppif−/− as compared with WT mice. Similarly, Alisporivir did not improve renal function nor pathology in db/db mice as assessed by no change in albuminuria, KIM-1 excretion and glomerulosclerosis. Db/db mice exhibited changes in mitochondrial function, including elevated respiratory control ratio (RCR), reduced mitochondrial H2O2 generation and increased proximal tubular mitochondrial volume, but these were unaffected by Alisporivir treatment. Taken together, these studies indicate that CypD has a complex role in DKD and direct targeting of this component of the mPTP will likely not improve renal outcomes.
Twenty‐eight‐gigahertz beam‐switching ridge gap dielectric resonator antenna based on FSS for 5G applications
Authors: Borhani Kakhki Mehri , Dadgarpour Abdolmehdi , Sebak Abdel‐Razik , Denidni Tayeb A.
Published: January 2020

A new design of the double dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) fed by a printed ridge gap waveguide for beam‐switching applications based on frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) is presented here. The dual‐sided printed FSS element works in its reflection mode and comprises a slotted square C‐shaped patch on the top layer and a square strip on the back plane. Therefore, the beam switching can be implemented by loading the proposed FSS array over and in the middle of DRAs. Loading the antenna with two layers of 3 × 3 FSS unit cells results in ±77° beam switching and a 3.16 dBi gain enhancement at 28 GHz. Simulation and measurements confirm the operation of the proposed antenna, with good matching and gain observed.
Three‐dimensional nanoporous copper with tunable structure prepared by dealloying titanium–copper–cobalt metallic glasses for supercapacitors
Authors: Yue Xiang , Hu Rui , Qi Jiqiu , Sui Yanwei , He Yezeng , Meng Qingkun , Wei Fuxiang , Ren Yaojian , Zhao Yulong
Published: January 2020

Three‐dimensional bicontinuous nanoporous copper (NPC) with a pore size of 10–60 nm was fabricated by dealloying titanium–copper–cobalt amorphous ribbons in 0.23 M hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution for 1–12 h. It is found that dealloyed ribbons show sandwich‐like layered structure in the cross‐section and the pore size in the outer layer is larger than that in the core layer. The NPC ribbons, polarised in 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution for 30 min, delivered an excellent electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 202.3 mF/cm2 at the current density of 5 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte and good cycling stability of 90% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 20 mA/cm2.
Solvent engineering for perovskite solar cells: a review
Authors: Liu Runzhong , Xu Ke
Published: January 2020

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted enormous attention owing to their high power conversion efficiency and low cost. In this work, solvent engineering techniques for PSCs are reviewed using co‐solvents, anti‐solvents, and solvent additives. In the part of co‐solvents, binary solvent systems and ternary solvent systems illustrate their respective properties and their application in PSCs. In the part of the anti‐solvents, the use of a common anti‐solvent such as chlorobenzene or toluene in the solution treatment provides a method for preparing a pinhole‐free and dense structure perovskite film. Meanwhile, the continuous exploration of green anti‐solvent projects has made it possible to mass‐produce mixed‐stabilised perovskite films, which is pinhole‐free and uniform. In the solvent additives section, the application of different additives can slow down crystal growth and increases the stability of the PSC. Each section outlines the application and potential of solvent engineering technology to improve the performance of PSCs, illustrating potential applications in the future. This work aims to provide some ideas for the improvement of PSC performance and accelerate another leap of solvent engineering technology in the field of PSCs.
Uncertainties and biases in modelling 16 Cygni A and B
Authors: Bazot M.
Published: January 2020

Aims.In this study I assess how existing data for the solar analogues 16 Cyg A and B, in particular the asteroseismic measurements obtained fromKepler, constrain theoretical stellar models. The goal is two-fold: first to use these stars as benchmarks to discuss which precisions can realistically be expected on the inferred stellar quantities; and second to determine how well “non-standard” prescriptions, such as microscopic diffusion and overshoot, are constrained.

Methods.I used a Bayesian statistical model to infer the values of the stellar parameters of 16 Cyg A and B. I sampled the posterior density of the stellar parameters via a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, tested different physical prescription, and examined the impact of using different seismic diagnostics.

Results.General good agreement is found with several recent modelling studies on these stars, even though some discrepancies subsist regarding the precise estimates of the uncertainties on the parameters. An age of 6.88 ± 0.12 Gyr is estimated for the binary system. The inferred masses, 1.07 ± 0.02M⊙for Cyg A and 1.05 ± 0.02M⊙for Cyg B, are shown to be stable with respect to changes in the physical prescriptions considered for the modelling. For both stars, microscopic diffusion has a significant effect on the estimates of the initial metallicity. Overshoot is confined to very small regions below the convective zone. I show that a proper treatment of the seismic constraints is necessary to avoid biases in the estimate of the mass.
Die Häufigkeit von Fällen von Kindesmisshandlung
– Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Brandenburger Kinder- und
Jugendlichenpsychotherapeuten
Authors: Peters Sybille , Hartwig Sven
Published: January 2020

Hintergrund Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapeuten (KJP) sind eine
wichtige – im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs bisher wenig beachtete
– Berufsgruppe im medizinischen Kinderschutz. Ziel der Untersuchung
ist die Erfassung der Häufigkeit und des Umgangs mit
(Verdachts)Fällen von Kindesmisshandlung in der
psychotherapeutischen Praxis.

Methoden Alle im Bundesland Brandenburg zur
vertragspsychotherapeutischen Versorgung zugelassenen KJP wurden mittels
Fragebogen zur Häufigkeit von Kindesmisshandlungen, differenziert
nach Misshandlungsform und Alter um Auskunft gebeten. Des Weiteren wurden
die Anzahl der Meldungen an eine Behörde, mögliche
Gründe für eine unterlassene Meldung sowie notwendige
Voraussetzungen für sicheres Erkennen, Bewerten und Einleiten
medizinrechtlicher und medizinisch/psychotherapeutischer
Interventionen erfasst.

Ergebnisse 2016 registrierten 74,4% und 2017 87% der
KJP mindestens einen (Verdachts)Fall von Kindesmisshandlung, wobei in beiden
Untersuchungsjahren die Misshandlungsformen emotionale
Vernachlässigung und emotionale Misshandlung am häufigsten
auftraten und die Altersgruppe der 6–13jährigen am meisten
von Kindesmisshandlung betroffen war. 2016 meldeten 34,4% und 2017
35% der KJP, die mindestens einen (Verdachts)Fall sahen,
diese/n an eine Behörde. Der häufigste Grund, der
gegen eine Meldung an eine Behörde sprach, war mit 47,6% der
Wille des Kindes, in der Therapie Besprochenes nicht weiterzugeben. Um
emotionale Vernachlässigungen und emotionale Misshandlungen sicher
diagnostizieren zu können, fehlen für 83,7% der
Befragten eindeutige Kriterien. Als wichtigste Voraussetzungen für
einen effektiven Kinderschutz werden Fortbildungen zu
medizinisch/psychotherapeutischen sowie medizinrechtlichen Themen
(53,3%), eine bessere Zusammenarbeit der beteiligten Professionen
(43,4%) und die Aufnahme des Themas in die Psychotherapieausbildung
(26,7%) benannt.

Schlussfolgerung (Verdachts)Fälle von Kindesmisshandlung
weisen in der ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Praxis eine hohe Relevanz
auf. Aufgrund ihrer intensiven Beziehung zum Patienten kann die Berufsgruppe
der KJP emotionale Vernachlässigungen und emotionale Misshandlungen
besonders gut erkennen. Deren Beitrag für eine Versorgung der von
Misshandlung betroffenen Kinder ist an bestimmte Voraussetzungen wie ein
berufsspezifisches Fortbildungsangebot, die Erarbeitung konkreter
Maßnahmen auf Landkreisebene zur Kooperation mit dem Jugendamt und
an verbindliche Definitionen und Kriterien der einzelnen Misshandlungsformen
gebunden.
Microsurgical reconstruction of the breast: ′The versatile lower abdomen′
Authors: Ramakrishnan Venkat V
Published: January 2020

Since the first reported use of lower abdominal tissue from the lower abdominal skin and fat by Hans Holmstrom in 1979, there have been over 300 publications on this subject. The refinements have been aimed at the limitation of donor morbidity and to allow a predictable success of the transfer. This article analyses the landmarks and highlights the key developments in this area. The more recent development in this area - the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator flap is discussed.
Reliance on double pedicle TRAM flap technique in breast reconstruction based on mammographic evidence
Authors: Yüksel Fuat , Silit Emir , Çeliköz Bahattin
Published: January 2020

Breast reconstruction is now a part of the overall treatment of breast cancer. Its main drawback is rather the suspicion to conceal any probable recurrence. Fat necrosis is a particularly important finding because it can be mistaken for a local recurrence. Alternatively, local recurrences may be dismissed as areas of fat necrosis. Fat necrosis is a relatively minor complication of TRAM flap breast reconstruction but one that can induce anxiety, expense, and inconvenience for patients and concerns about tumor recurrence. The techniques selected for reconstruction must carry the least risks for these awful complications.

15 breast cancer cases were treated in our center by using Bostwick′s principles. These include double-pedicle technique in cases with one or two risk factors and added vascular delay two weeks prior to this procedure in cases with more risk factors.

During the follow up period, neither the patients nor her physicians experienced any nodules in their treatment sites clinically. One case is the only exception that she felt hardness but it softened. Mammographically, no images of fat necrosis were observed in any of the cases.

In contrary to other studies reporting no advantages of double pedicle technique to lessen the risk for fat necrosis, we observed fat necrosis only in one of 15 cases. This may be because both sides of the flap are supplied axially and delay procedures are added in high risk patients.
The use of Sanskrit, an ancient language, as a tool to evaluate cleft palate speech problems
Authors: Kalpesh Gajiwala
Published: January 2020

Speech is a complex process. The evaluation of speech in an individual with cleft palate is difficult, and the existing classification of phonemes is complicated.
Sanskrit, an ancient language, has an arrangement of alphabets that is orderly and scientific and therefore provides a simple means to understand the production of phonemes and memorize them. This article demonstrates the inherent advantage of this arrangement of Sanskrit alphabets to effectively analyze defective cleft palate speech and provides a tool for surgeons to decide a course of action in their routine clinical practice. Improved insight into the speech defect by the surgeon also facilitates better coordination with the speech language pathologist in assessment and treatment of a child with cleft palate.
Fibrinogen Concentrate to Cardiac Surgery Patients with Ongoing Bleeding does not Increase the Risk of Thromboembolic Complications or Death
Authors: Waldén Katarina , Jeppsson Anders , Nasic Salmir , Karlsson Martin
Published: January 2020

Background We investigated whether fibrinogen concentrate administration to bleeding patients is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications and death.

Methods All consecutive patients who underwent first-time cardiac surgery at Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 2009 to 2014 were included. Patients, who had received fibrinogen concentrate, were compared with those who had not received fibrinogen concentrate. The primary endpoint was a composite of thromboembolic complications and death within 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints included the composite and mortality within 30 days and mortality within 1 year after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to compare the groups. Propensity score (PS)-matched models were used for sensitivity analyses.

Results A total of 5,408 patients were included in the present study, of which 564 (10.4%) received fibrinogen concentrate. The composite endpoint occurred in 3.5% of patients at 30 days and 10.5% at 1 year. There was no significant difference between the groups in the composite endpoint at 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84–1.46, p = 0.45) or in the secondary endpoints, that is, mortality at 1 year (adjusted HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 0.93–2.04, p = 0.11), composite at 30 days (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.64–1.81, p = 0.79) and mortality at 30 days (adjusted OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.51–1.96, p = 0.50). The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent with those of main analyses.

Conclusion Perioperative administration of fibrinogen concentrate to bleeding cardiac surgery patients is not associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications or death.
The Fibronectin Type II Domain of Factor XII Ensures Zymogen Quiescence
Authors: Clark Chantal C. , Hofman Zonne L. M. , Sanrattana Wariya , den Braven Lyanne , de Maat Steven , Maas Coen
Published: January 2020

Factor XII (FXII) zymogen activation requires cleavage after arginine 353 located in the activation loop. This cleavage can be executed by activated FXII (autoactivation), plasma kallikrein (PKa), or plasmin. Previous studies proposed that the activation loop of FXII is shielded to regulate FXII activation and subsequent contact activation. In this study, we aimed to elucidate this mechanism by expressing and characterizing seven consecutive N-terminally truncated FXII variants as well as full-length wild-type (WT) FXII. As soon as the fibronectin type II domain is lacking (FXII Δ1–71), FXII cleavage products appear on Western blot. These fragments display spontaneous amidolytic activity, indicating that FXII without the fibronectin type II domain is susceptible to autoactivation. Additionally, truncated FXII Δ1–71 is more easily activated by PKa or plasmin than full-length WT FXII. To exclude a contribution of autoactivation, we expressed active-site incapacitated FXII truncation variants (S544A). FXII S544A Δ1–71 is highly susceptible to cleavage by PKa, indicating exposure of the activation loop. In surface binding experiments, we found that the fibronectin type II domain is non-essential for binding to kaolin or polyphosphate, whereas the following epidermal growth factor-like domain is indispensable. Binding of full-length FXII S544A to kaolin or polyphosphate increases its susceptibility to cleavage by PKa. Moreover, the activation of full-length WT FXII by PKa increases approximately threefold in the presence of kaolin. Deletion of the fibronectin type II domain eliminates this effect. Combined, these findings suggest that the fibronectin type II domain shields the activation loop of FXII, ensuring zymogen quiescence.
Perioperative Management in Patients Using Vitamin K Antagonists: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Burggraaf J. Louise I. , van Rein Nienke , van der Meer Felix J. M. , Lijfering Willem M.
Published: January 2020

Background The benefit of periprocedural bridging with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients with atrial fibrillation has been contested by the publication of the BRIDGE trial.

Objective This article determines whether publication of the BRIDGE trial has led to less bridging procedures and better patient outcomes (i.e., a composite of thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death) in patients undergoing invasive procedures at the Leiden Anticoagulation Clinic, the Netherlands.

Methods We identified all procedures that required vitamin K antagonist interruption. Procedures were divided in a period before (2014–2016; 22 months) and after the publication of the BRIDGE trial (2016–2017; 22 months). Cumulative incidences 30 days postprocedure and relative risks of thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and mortality were calculated.

Results A total of 4,892 and 4,237 eligible procedures were performed in 2014 to 2016 and 2016 to 2017, respectively. The cumulative incidence of thromboembolism was 0.5% in 2014 to 2016 compared with 0.3% in 2016 to 2017; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–1.21). The cumulative incidence of major bleeding was 1.0% in the 2014 to 2016 period as compared with 1.3% in the 2016 to 2017 period; adjusted OR was 1.27 (95% CI 0.85–1.90). The adjusted OR of the composite endpoint was 1.05 (95% CI 0.74–1.48). The frequency of bridging with LMWH (14.8% in 2014–2016 vs. 16.6% in 2016–2017) as well as mean CHA2DS2-VASc scores of patients receiving bridging did not change after publication of the BRIDGE trial.

Conclusion We showed that despite publication of the BRIDGE trial, the frequency of bridging with LMWH and patient outcomes regarding bleeding complications did not change.
Ethical and legal considerations of artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making in personalized pricing
Authors: Gerlick Joshua A. , Liozu Stephan M.
Published: January 2020

The extent to which pricing executives consider consumer perceptions of deception, fairness, and social justice is positioned within an emerging area of research that triangulates the dynamic between legal constraints, ethical considerations, and algorithmic models to make pricing decisions. This paper builds a conceptual model from an analysis of literature describing how companies couple organizational and technology factors into the price-setting process. The legal frameworks of antitrust, data privacy, and antidiscrimination are tethered to the ethical frameworks of deception, fairness, and social justice to form a foundation of relevant organizational factors. A qualitative study is proposed to test the validity of the conceptual model. The primary contribution of this paper is to catalyze practitioner discussion and spur empirical research into the implications of personalized pricing using algorithmic models.
Evaluation of solar module equivalent models under real operating conditions—A review
Authors: Baig Mirza Qutab , Khan Hassan Abbas , Ahsan Syed Muhammad
Published: January 2020

A number of mathematical models are available to model the performance of solar modules under varying operating conditions. Most commonly recognized and used models include (a) the basic three-parameter model, (b) the five-parameter model, and (c) the seven-parameter model. The basic three-parameter model does not incorporate series and shunt resistance for IV curves. The five-parameter model incorporates the effect of series and shunt resistance, and the seven-parameter model further includes the additional effect of temperature and irradiance variation on solar cell parameters. While all these models reasonably predict IV profiles of solar modules at small variations from standard testing conditions (STCs), their performance in modeling the module performance at low irradiances and high temperatures is far from ideal. This work primarily reviews the accuracy of available models for various module technologies not only under STC conditions but also over a wide range of operating conditions. The accuracy of modeled results is quantified (with datasheet results) for 10 crystalline silicon (c-Si) based modules as well as 9 thin film module (TF) samples (commercial modules) at multiple irradiance conditions. The results show that the three-parameter model generally overestimates the power output both for c-Si and TF modules. The five-parameter model predicts TF technology more accurately compared to the other two available models, whereas the seven-parameter model is most accurate for c-Si module modeling under varying operations.
Inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions observed in photoluminescence and modulated reflectance of polar and non-polar InGaN quantum wells
Authors: Jarema Michał , Gładysiewicz Marta , Janicki Łukasz , Zdanowicz Ewelina , Turski Henryk , Muzioł Grzegorz , Skierbiszewski Czesław , Kudrawiec Robert
Published: January 2020

In this work, the broadening of interband transitions in InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) resulting from structural inhomogeneities is analyzed. The role of a polarization-induced electric field in the mechanism behind the inhomogeneous broadening observed in photoluminescence (PL) and electromodulated reflectance (ER) spectra of InGaN QWs dedicated to green/blue lasers is explained. Spectra of both polar and nonpolar QWs are simulated within the random QW model distinguishing contributions of individual transitions taking into account QW inhomogeneities (QW width and indium content fluctuations). On this basis, we interpret the ER and PL spectra measured for a polar multiple QW InGaN/GaN structure. The built-in electric field shifts the emission wavelength to red and enhances the broadening of optical transitions. It is clearly shown that for polar QWs the Stokes shift can be easily overestimated if PL spectra are compared with ER spectra since the intensity of the fundamental transition observed in ER spectra significantly decreases with the increase in QW width. In this way, an ER signal related to excited states starts to dominate. This effect is strongly enhanced by QW inhomogeneities.