bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Kelas Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IX MTS YMPI Rappang Kabupaten Sidrap
Authors: Noer Usman , Nuryani Nuryani
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTClass management is needed by the teacher in utilizing the potential of the class,making learning and learning to remain optimal, enjoyable and to improve optimalconditions in the event of a disruption in the learning process. Motivation to learnis an impulse from inside and outside the self of students who can move it to bemore active in learning activities in order to obtain the desired goals by changingbehavior both from the aspects of thought, affective and psychomotor. This studydiscusses the motivation of the class towards the motivation to learn history andthe Islamic participants of class IX of YMPI Rappang's MTs. This type of researchis field research with associative quantitative design. As a technique of datacollection, namely observation, questionnaire and documentation with descriptiveand infrequent analysis techniques. The results showed that: (1) Management ofclasses in class IX of YMPI Rappang MTs showed a good category with apercentage rate of 77.4%. (2) Learning motivation of students shows a goodcategory with a percentage of 85.4%. (3) There is a significant difference betweenthe learning class towards the learning motivation of YMPI Rappang's IX gradestudents. This can be seen from the results of manual calculations tcount = 9.406>t table = 1998 and the value of R Square or r2 obtained 0.564. The value of XI forstudents 'learning motivation in Islamic culture class (Y) was 56.4%, while 43.6%of students' learning motivation at MTs YMPI Rappang was related to othervariables not expected by researchers.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TPS-TGT Pada Pembelajaran Matematikadi Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Makassar
Authors: Aras Andi
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis type of research is an experimental study which aims to describe theeffectiveness of the cooperative learning model TPS-TGT type in mathematicslearning in class VIII SMP N 1 Makassar. The sample in this study class VIII.5 wastaught by cooperative learning model TPS-TGT type taken using techniques clusterrandom sampling. The data collected consisted of data on student learningoutcomes, data on learners' motivation, data on student activities during thelearning process, and data on student responses to the application of cooperativelearning models of the TPS-TGT type.The results showed that the score of mathematics learning outcomes of students inclass VIII.5 was in the high category with a mean of 80.15 and a standarddeviation of 9.79, completeness in classics was 82.5%, the average normalizedgain was in the high category, scores the average learning motivation of students isin the high category, the average gain normalized learning motivation is in themedium category, the activity of students in following the learning process is in agood category, and student responses to the application of the cooperative learningmodel TPS-TGT type are positive. In general, it was concluded that the cooperativelearning model type TPS-TGT was effectively applied to mathematics learning inclass VIII.5 of SMP N 1 Makassar.The results of the hypothesis test at a significant level α = 0.05 with the t-test showthat H1 is accepted which means that the cooperative learning model type TPSTGTis effectively applied to mathematics learning in SPLDV material in class VIIIof SMP N 1 Makassar.
Análisis de una polémica fundacional: inmigración, religión y desarrollo económico en la Asamblea Constituyente argentina de 1853
Authors: Baretta Mónica
Published: August 2019

Desde el comienzo del período independiente, las clases dirigentes de la Argentina se enfrentaron a la necesidad de poblar el extenso territorio nacional, y la incorporación de habitantes extranjeros fue desde muy temprano la solución indiscutida a ese problema. Sin embargo, a pesar del amplio consenso que existía en torno a la cuestión, había puntos de vista divergentes acerca del “tipo de inmigración” que se deseaba. En ese contexto, durante los debates de la Asamblea Constituyente de 1853, el tratamiento del artículo 14 de la Constitución Nacional dio lugar a una situación de argumentación (Plantin 2012) que hizo emerger la cuestión inmigratoria cuando se debatía sobre libertad de cultos. Partidarios y detractores de la tolerancia religiosa vinculaban de manera más o menos directa este asunto con la población extranjera que, se esperaba, llegase a poblar el territorio argentino.En ese marco, en este artículo se analizan los argumentos puestos en juego en esa polémica, para señalar, por un lado, la polarización e incompatibilidad de las posiciones en disputa (Angenot 2008; Amossy 2016) y por otro, los puntos de partida que resultan comunes a ambos lados del debate. En este sentido, nos interesa indagar en la forma en que esos argumentos construyen la imagen del inmigrante, al tiempo que ofrecen ciertas representaciones sobre la población local y la idea de desarrollo económico.
Saúde humanizada: questões de língua e discurso
Authors: Magalhães Izabel , Argenta Júlia Salvador
Published: August 2019

El proyecto “El Diálogo como Instrumento de Intervención de Profesionales de la Salud en la Relación con Pacientes” fue ejecutado en Unidades Básicas de Salud del Programa de Salud de la Familia en cinco municipios del Ceará, con profesionales de salud y pacientes. La metodología adoptada fue la etnografía discursiva, fundamentada por el Análisis de Discurso Crítico, principal-mente por los trabajos de Fairclough (2001, 2003, 2010), Magalhães (2000, 2004, 2005, 2011) y Magalhães et al (2017). El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar problemas y soluciones en la interacción entre profesionales de salud y pacientes, em Crato y Salitre. Los resultados encontrados fueron: 1) hay un problema de comprensión de las recetas; 2) las prácticas humanizadas son casi inexistentes, perjudicando objetivos de HumanizaSUS; y 3) hay una preocupación de enfermeros/as en ofrecer una atención humana; 4) los discursos de la salud tienem uma relación importante con las práticas de salud.
Collaborative Couple Dance Therapy
Authors: Chan Dr. Edward
Published: August 2019

Dance has been used as a metaphor by couple therapists such as Johnson (1996) for Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFCT) (Johnson, 1996). However, Johnson preferred to have the couples do the leading in the therapy albeit staying at the realm of metaphor. As a result, the therapy is slow and her outcome studies take at least 12 sessions (Johnson, 1996).
Whilst dance as a metaphor is useful, couples need more direction. They are like the novice dancer coming to learn some form of dance new to them or to brush up their dance steps of a dance they have not been dancing for a while and expect the therapist to be much more leading as the expert dance instructor.
Instead the Emotionally Focused Couple Therapist (EFCT) would spend many sessions doing just validation of both parties - in order to de-escalate their communication dynamics (Johnson, 1996). This akin to allowing the couples fumble in their out of rhythm dance steps.
In this paper a new model of couple therapy based on the dance metaphor which is much more directional and collaborative than that used in EFCT will be presented and it will be shown that this model is more efficient and effective as a form of couple therapy and psychotherapy.
Of course, the same dance still needs to be adapted for each couple differently as they have different needs - different heights, different tastes and different passions. The specific dance steps for the couple will be collaboratively created by the Couple Collaborative Dance Therapist (CCDT).
Heart to Heart: The Associative Pathway to Therapeutic Growth
Authors: Korner Anthony
Published: August 2019

Language is constitutive of who we are as people. Play between infant and carer has a strong influence on how language is acquired and the way it becomes generative of self. It is the communicative exchanges of life that create one’s sense of self and significance. When individuals enter into “free play” in therapy, they embark upon an associative pathway where distinct associations, emerging from what has been considered the “id”, form the basis of an emergent self, probably mediated by right-hemispherically determined communication. A case vignette illustrates a transition involving a moment of emotional connection, followed by a realization, at a later point in therapy, with discussion of both patient and therapist perceptions of these moments and an illustration of underlying physiology.
The importance of right-hemispheric regulation in the psychotherapeutic setting calls for a revision of Freudian notions of primary and secondary process. The affective basis of associational life needs to be seen in a normative, integrative way rather than as an unruly process to be overcome by a rational ego.
A Blend of Western and African Psychotherapy
Authors: Maneno Dr. Robert J.
Published: August 2019

Pritz (2002) defined psychotherapy as a systematic application of defined methods in the treatment of psychic suffering and psychosomatic complaints as well as life crises of various origins. Madu (2015), also defined psychotherapy as a process that enables people to express their feelings in a protected environment, to a person trained to listen with understanding and compassion. In the African context, psychotherapy is a culture-based treatment, which starts with the recognition that culture is highly relevant to people’s everyday behaviour (Grills, 2006). It includes social context, history, ethnicity and other issues that the client deems relevant. African Psychotherapy is therefore a holistic approach that encompasses the cultural, social, spiritual, psychological, and economic aspects of life. An estimate of 80% of Africans, seek traditional therapy and hence, the existence of both Western and African Psychotherapy, has posed a state of dilemma among the modern African psychotherapists as well as among the clients. The central argument of this paper is to look at how the Western and African Psychotherapies influence one another for the benefit of the black African. This paper is a systematic literature review on psychotherapeutic processes of African traditional and religious faith healers, the current western focused psychotherapy practices in Africa. The authors also used their own knowledge on the Africa Psychotherapy from both the Digo and the Kamba communities in writing this paper. The researchers hereby recommend a blended psychotherapy form, where the western, the traditional African, and the religious psychotherapeutic values are blended for the benefit of modern African clients.
Chronic Pain and Etiology of Psychological Disturbances
Authors: Arbabi Fatemeh
Published: August 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to review the impact of a possible association between self- efficacy, symptom severity, pain intensity, depression, anxiety and catastrophizing on health- related quality of life among chronic pain patients.
Background: A large number of people experience and live with various types of physiological-oriented chronic pain (CP) diseases. Lives of individuals who suffer from CP may alter in various ways. Particularly, in terms of health-related quality of life after diagnosis. Even though, there has been significant increase in chronic pain research, this area of research continues to offer patients significant health repercussions.
Findings: This research has discovered that, there still, is an urgent need for improvements in regard to treatment and quality of chronic pain management care. A range of literatures assessed several aspects in which CP alters the patients’ lives, as well as its potential repercussions in the workplace, on the dynamic of patients’ families, and their social environments.
Methods: An exploratory review of literature alongside the implementation of a small exemplary pilot study that was solely undertaken to help further validate the results that were acquired via review of literature. The data presented in the pilot study were drawn from purposive sampling and structured survey questionnaires.
Participants of the pilot study: Thirty adults (>18 years) diagnosed and currently living with various kinds of chronic physical non-cancer pain.
СЕМАНТИКО-СИНТАКСИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБЪЕКТНОГО ИНФИНИТИВА ВО ФРАНЦУЗСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Authors: Nishanov Mannobjon
Published: August 2019

Статья посвящена семантико-синтаксическим особенностям объектного
инфинитива‚ семантике основного глагола‚ управляющего объекным инфинитивом и его
связи с повелительним наклонением. Указано‚ что объектный инфинитив также может
сочетаться с глаголами, обладающими каузативной силой, но различающимися по
«степени» и «направленности каузации». Степень каузации глагола‚ управляющего
объектным инфинитивом, может быть активной и пассивной‚ их субъект выступает как
активно совершающее намеренное целенаправленное усилие или как препятствие‚ причина
несовершения действия объекным инфинитивом. Разные степени каузативной силы
основного глагола связаны с разными значениями повелительного наклонения в речевых
ситуациях.

Мақола француз тилида объектли инфинитивнинг семантик-синтактик
хусусиятларига ва объектли инфинитивни бошқарувчи асосий феъл семантикаси ҳамда
унинг буйруқ майли билан боғлиқ жиҳатларини ўрганишга бағишланган. Объектли
инфинитив каузатив кучга эга бўлган, бироқ “каузатив йўналганлиги” ва “даражаси” бўйича
бошқалардан фарқланадиган феъллар билан мослашиши мумкин. Объектли инфинитивни бошқараётган феълларнинг каузативлик даражаси фаол ва пассив бўлиши‚ уларнинг
субъекти мақсадга йўналтирилган ҳаракатни фаол бажарувчи шахс ёки объектли
инфинитив ифодалаётган ҳаракатнинг бажарилишига ёки бажарилмаслига сабаб маъносини
ифодалаши мумкин. Асосий феъл каузативлик кучининг турли даражалари нутқ
вазиятларида буйруқ майли ифодалаётган маъноларнинг турли-туман бўлиши билан боғлиқ.
Калит сўзлар: инфинитив; семантика; каузативлик кучи; буйруқ майли; даража.

The article is devoted to the semantic and syntactic features of the object infinitive' semantics of the main verb controlling the object infinitive and its connection with the imperative mood. It is indicated that the object infinitive can also be combined with verbs that have causative power, but differ in "degree" and "direction of causation." The degree of causation of the verb' controlling the object infinitive, can be active and passive' their subject acts as actively committing intentional purposeful effort or as an obstacle' cause of imperfection of the object infinitive. Different degrees of causative power of the main verb is associated with different meanings of imperative mood in
speech situations.
СИНОНИМИЧЕСКИЕ РЯДЫ В РУССКОМ И УЗБЕКСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ
Authors: Kurbanov Bakhram
Published: August 2019

В статье рассматриваются синонимические ряды глаголов русского и узбекского языков с точки зрения лексики и словообразования. Описаны типы синонимов, однокоренные и разнокоренные синонимы, заглавное слово в ряду. Особое внимание уделяется изучению способов словообразования синонимических рядов русского и узбекского языков в сопоставительном плане. В основном рассмотрен аффиксальный способ, в частности, суффиксация, префиксация и префиксально-суффиксальный способы словообразования.

Мақолада рус ва ўзбек тилларидаги феълларнинг синонимик қаторлари лексик ва сўз ясалиши нуқтаи назаридан ўрганилган. Синонимларнинг турлари, бир ўзакли ва турли ўзакли синонимлар, қатордаги бош сўз илмий тавсиф этилган. Рус ва ўзбек тиллари синонимик қаторларидаги сўз ясалиш йўлларини қиёсий ўрганишга асосий эътибор қаратилган. Сўз ясалишининг, асосан, аффиксация, шу жумладан, суффиксация, префиксация ва префиксал суффиксация усуллари кўриб чиқилган.

The article deals with the issues of the verbal synonymic lines of Russian and Uzbek
languages in terms of vocabulary and word formation. There is given ideas about type of synonyms, synonyms with a root or different roots, the main word of synonymic line. Special attention is paid to comparative learning ways of forming synonymic line of words in Russian and Uzbek languages. In general, observed forming of words with affixation, suffixation, prefixation and prefixalsuffixation ways.
ОБ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ИНТЕРАКТИВНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЕБАТЫ В СИСТЕМЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Kasimova Zamira
Published: August 2019

В статье предложена информация об интерактивной технологии «дебаты» и практические рекомендации по использованию ее на занятиях по литературе в системе высшего образования. Изложены ход и регламент игры, обязанности участников, критерии оценивания выступлений. Комментарии по организации и проведению дебатов, а также раздаточные материалы могут быть полезны всем, кто пожелает использовать дебаты в своей практике преподавания.

Мақолада “дебатлар” интерфаол технологияси ҳақида маълумот ва улардан олий таълим тизимида адабиёт дарсларида фойдаланиш бўйича амалий тавсиялар берилган. Ўйиннинг тартиби ва қоидалари, иштирокчиларнинг вазифалари, уларнинг нутқларини баҳолаш мезонлари белгиланган. Мақолада келтирилган дебатларни ташкиллаштириш ва ўтказишга оид тушунтиришлар, шунингдек, тарқатма материаллар таълим жараёнида ушбу технологияни қўлламоқчи бўлганлар учун фойдали бўлиши мумкин.

The article offers information about the interactive technology “debates” and practical
recommendations for using them in literature classes in the higher education system. The course and rules of the game, the duties of the participants, and the criteria for evaluating speeches are outlined. Comments on the organization and conducting the debates, as well as handouts offered can be useful to everyone who wishes to use the debates in their teaching practice.
К ВОПРОСУ О СЕМАНТИКЕ ВНЕШНЕГО ОБЛИКА ДЕРВИША ХАДЖИ РАХИМА
Authors: Haydarova Nasiba
Published: August 2019

В статье на примере исторической трилогии, романов «Чингиз-хан», «Батый» и «К “последнему морю”» историка-романиста В. Г. Яна выделяется доминантный образ дервиша Хаджи Рахима. Внешняя атрибутика героя-дервиша имеет символический характер и переходит на качественно новый уровень – в духовную сферу и предназначение персонажа в романном дискурсе, а также позволяет выделить типологический ряд превращений и ипостасей главного героя.

Мақолада В. Г. Яннинг тарихий трилогияси – “Чингизхон”, “Ботухон” ва “Сўнгги денгиз”га” романларидаги дарвеш Ҳожи Раҳим доминант образи ажратиб олинган. Дарвеш- қаҳрамоннинг ташқи қиёфаси рамзий табиатга эга ва бу ҳолат унинг янги сифат даражасига, яъни ички – дарвешлик дунёсига ўзгача назар ташлашга ҳамда унинг романлар дискурсидаги юксак бурчларини, бош қаҳрамоннинг бир қатор ички, типик ўзгаришларини аниқлашга имкон беради.

The article highlights the dominant image of the dervish Haji Rahim on the example of the historical trilogy, novels “Genghis Khan”, and “Baty” and “To the Last Sea” by the historian –novelist V.G.Yan. External attributes of the hero, the dervish has a symbolic character and goes to a qualitatively new level in the spiritual realm and the destiny of a character in a novel discourse, but also allows us to high light typological series of transformation and hypostasis the main character.
ҚОРАҚАЛПОҚНОВЕЛЛАЛАРИНИНГ БАДИИЙ ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Authors: Kamalova Dilfuza
Published: August 2019

Мазкур мақолада новелла жанри ва унинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари ўрганилган. Ушбку соҳада тадқиқотлар олиб бораётганларнинг жанр юзасидан айтган фикрлари келтирилган. Шунингдек, жаҳон ва маҳаллий ёзувчилар новеллалари шарҳланган. Шулардан келиб чиққан ҳолда, қорақалпоқ адабиётидаги новелла жанридаги асарлар, бугунги қорақалпоқ новеллистлари бадиий маҳорати таҳлил қилинган.

В статье уделяется внимание жанру новеллы и её своеобразности. Приводится мнение экспертов о жанре, в том числе анализируются новеллы зарубежных и местных писателей. Исходя из этого, с различных сторон изучены произведения каракалпакской литературы в жанре новеллы. Также рассматриваются и анализируются проблемы художественного мастерства в произведениях современных каракалпакских новеллистов.

The article pays a special attention to the genre of novel and its peculiarities. There are
experts’ viewpoints about the genre. In addition, novels of local and world writers are analyzed. What is more, various works in Karakalpak literature belonging to the novel genre have been diversely investigated. Furthermore, problems concerning artistic skills in works of modern karakalpak novel writers are discussed and analyzed.
ALMA and HST Kiloparsec-scale Imaging of a Quasar-galaxy Merger at Z ≈ 6.2
Authors: Decarli Roberto , Dotti Massimo , Bañados Eduardo , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Walter Fabian , Carilli Chris , Fan Xiaohui , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Neeleman Marcel , Novak Mladen , Riechers Dominik , Strauss Michael A. , Venemans Bram P. , Yang Yujin , Wang Ran
Published: August 2019

We present kiloparsec-scale Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the quasar PJ308–21 at z = 6.2342, tracing dust, gas (via the [C ii] 158 μm line), and young stars. At a resolution of ∼0.″3 (≈1.7 kpc), the system is resolved over >4″ (>20 kpc). In particular, it features a main component, identified to be the quasar host galaxy, centered on the accreting supermassive black hole; and two other extended components are on the west and east side: one redshifted and the other blueshifted relative to the quasar. The [C ii] emission of the entire system stretches over >1500 km s−1 along the line of sight. All the components of the system are observed in dust, [C ii], and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission. The inferred [C ii] luminosities [(0.9–4.6)×109

]; dust luminosities [(0.15–2.6)×1012

]; rest-frame UV luminosities [(6.6–15)×1010

], their ratios, and the implied gas/dust masses; and star formation rates [11–290

yr−1] are typical of high-redshift star-forming galaxies. A toy model of a single satellite galaxy that is tidally stripped by the interaction with the quasar host galaxy can account for the observed velocity and spatial extent of the two extended components. An outflow interpretation of the unique features in PJ308–21 is not supported by the data. PJ308–21 is thus one of the earliest galaxy mergers imaged at cosmic dawn.
Search for Intra-day Optical Variability in γ-Ray-loud Blazars S5 0716+714 and 3C 273
Authors: Liu H. T. , Feng Hai Cheng , Xin Y. X. , Bai J. M. , Li S. K. , Wang Fang
Published: August 2019

We present the photometric observations of blazars S5 0716+714 and 3C 273 with high temporal resolution (30–60 s) in the I or R bands. The observations were performed with a 1.02 m optical telescope from 2007 March 7 to 2012 May 16. The F-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and z-transformed discrete correlation function (ZDCF) cross-correlation zero lag test are used to search for intra-day variability (IDV). Four and five reliable IDVs survive three tests for S5 0716+714 and 3C 273, respectively. IDVs are found for S5 0716+714 and 3C 273. A flare on 2008 May 8 has ΔI ≈ 0.06 ± 0.01 mag in a duration of 0.54 hr for S5 0716+714. A flare on 2011 May 10 shows ΔR ≈ 0.05 ± 0.01 mag in a duration of 0.40 hr for 3C 273. Sharp dips appear on 2011 May 9 for 3C 273 and show ΔR ≈ 0.05 ± 0.01 mag. Under the assumptions that the IDV is tightly connected to black hole mass, M
•, and that the flare durations are representative of the minimum characteristic timescales, we can estimate upper bounds to M
•. In the case of the Kerr black holes, M
• ≲ 108.91
M
⊙ and M
• ≲ 109.02
M
⊙ are given for S5 0716+714 and 3C 273, respectively. These mass measurements are consistent with those measurements reported in the literature. Also, we discuss the origins of optical variations found in this work.
Cluster Cosmology with the Velocity Distribution Function of the HeCS-SZ Sample
Authors: Ntampaka Michelle , Rines Ken , Trac Hy
Published: August 2019

We apply the velocity distribution function (VDF) to a sample of Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ)-selected clusters, and we report preliminary cosmological constraints in the

-

cosmological parameter space. The VDF is a forward-modeled test statistic that can be used to constrain cosmological models directly from galaxy cluster dynamical observations. The method was introduced in Ntampaka et al. and employs line-of-sight velocity measurements to directly constrain cosmological parameters; it is less sensitive to measurement error than a standard halo mass function approach. The method is applied to the Hectospec Survey of Sunyaev–Zeldovich-Selected Clusters sample, which is a spectroscopic follow-up of a Planck-selected sample of 83 galaxy clusters. Credible regions are calculated by comparing the VDF of the observed cluster sample to that of mock observations, yielding

. These constraints are in tension with the Planck Cosmic Microwave Background TT fiducial value, which lies outside of our 95% credible region, but are in agreement with some recent analyses of large-scale structure that observe fewer massive clusters than are predicted by the Planck fiducial cosmological parameters.
New Suns in the Cosmos. V. Stellar Rotation and Multifractality in Active Kepler Stars
Authors: de Freitas D. B. , Nepomuceno M. M. F. , Alves Rios L. D. , Das Chagas M. L. , De Medeiros J. R.
Published: August 2019

In the present study, high-precision time series photometry for the active Kepler stars is described in the language of multifractals. We explore the potential of using the rescaled-range analysis (R/S) and multifractal detrended moving average analysis methods to characterize the multiscale structure of the observed time series from a sample of ∼40,000 active stars. Among these stars, 6486 have surface differential rotation measurement, whereas 1846 have no signature of differential rotation. As a result, the Hurst exponent (H) derived from both methods shows a strong correlation with the period derived from rotational modulation. In addition, the variability range R
var reveals how this correlation follows a high activity “line.” We also verify that the H-index is an able parameter for distinguishing the different signs of stellar rotation that can exist between the stars with and without differential rotation. In summary, the results indicate that the Hurst exponent is a promising index for estimating photometric magnetic activity.
Stellar Populations of Nine Passive Spiral Galaxies from the CALIFA Survey: Are They Progenitors of S0s?
Authors: Pak Mina , Lee Joon Hyeop , Jeong Hyunjin , Kim Suk , Smith Rory , Lee Hye-Ran
Published: August 2019

We investigate the stellar population properties of passive spiral galaxies in the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. Nine spiral galaxies that have (NUV−r > 5 (NUV is near-UV filter) and no/weak nebular emission lines in their spectra are selected as passive spirals. Our passive spirals lie in the redshift range of 0.001 < z < 0.021 and have a stellar mass range of 10.2 < log(M
⋆/M
⊙) < 10.8. They clearly lie in the domain of early-type galaxies in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer infrared color–color diagram. We analyze the stellar populations out to two effective radii, using the best-fitting model to the measured absorption line-strength indices in the Lick Observatory Image Dissector Scanner system. We find that stellar populations of the passive spirals span a wide range, even in their centers, and hardly show any common trend among themselves either. We compare the passive spirals with Lenticular (S0-type) galaxies (S0s) selected in the same mass range. S0s cover a wide range in age, metallicity, and [α/Fe], and stellar populations of the passive spirals are encompassed in the spread of the S0 properties. However, the distribution of passive spirals are skewed toward higher values of metallicity, lower [α/Fe], and younger ages at all radii. These results show that passive spirals are possibly related to S0s in their stellar populations. We infer that the diversity in the stellar populations of S0s may result from different evolutionary pathways of S0 formation, and passive spirals may be one of the possible channels.
Observations of Slow Solar Wind from Equatorial Coronal Holes
Authors: Wang Y.-M. , Ko Y.-K.
Published: August 2019

Because of its distinctive compositional properties and variability, low-speed (≲450 km s−1) solar wind is widely believed to originate from coronal streamers, unlike high-speed wind, which comes from coronal holes. An alternative scenario is that the bulk of the slow wind (excluding that in the immediate vicinity of the heliospheric current sheet) originates from rapidly diverging flux tubes rooted inside small coronal holes or just within the boundaries of large holes. This viewpoint is based largely on photospheric field extrapolations, which are subject to considerable uncertainties and do not include dynamical effects, making it difficult to be certain whether a source is located just inside or outside a hole boundary, or whether a high-latitude hole will be connected to Earth. To minimize the dependence on field-line extrapolations, we have searched for cases where equatorial coronal holes at central meridian are followed by low-speed streams at Earth. We describe 14 examples from the period 2014–2017, involving Fe xiv 21.1 nm coronal holes located near active regions and having equatorial widths of ∼3°–10°. The associated in situ wind was characterized by speeds v ∼ 300–450 km s−1 and by O7+/O6+ ratios of ∼0.05–0.15, with v showing the usual correlation with proton temperature. In addition, consistent with other recent studies, this slow wind had remarkably high Alfvénicity, similar to that in high-speed streams. We conclude that small coronal holes are a major contributor to the slow solar wind during the maximum and early post-maximum phases of the solar cycle.
High-resolution Observations of Dynamics of Superpenumbral Hα Fibrils
Authors: Jing Ju , Li Qin , Liu Chang , Lee Jeongwoo , Xu Yan , Cao Wenda , Wang Haimin
Published: August 2019

We present high-resolution Hα observations of a small solar pore in NOAA active region 12661, using the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope equipped with high-order adaptive optics at Big Bear Solar Observatory. The observations reveal copious fine-scale chromospheric superpenumbral fibrils (with an average cross-sectional width of ∼0.″17 ± 0.″03), along with associated transit and intermittent flows with apparent speeds of 5–14 km s−1. Wavelet analysis and the spatio-temporal pattern of superpenumbral fibrils suggest that the observed flows along fibrils are not likely an oscillation/wave phenomenon. Based on our pseudo-Dopplergrams, we suggest that the observed flows may be a phenomenon similar to inverse Evershed flows in the chromosphere. The three-dimensional potential field model indicates that the pore and the surrounding fibrils are enclosed by fan-field lines forming a separatrix dome configuration. Such a magnetically confined configuration may help to maintain the steadfastness of the superpenumbral fibril dynamics.
Magnetic Activities of M-type Stars Based on LAMOST DR5 and Kepler and K2 Missions
Authors: Lu Hong-peng , Zhang Li-yun , Shi Jianrong , Han Xianming L. , Fan Dongwei , Long Liu , Pi Qingfeng
Published: August 2019

We performed a statistical study of magnetic activities of M-type stars by combining the spectra of LAMOST DR5 with light curves from the Kepler and K2 missions. We mainly want to study the relationship between chromospheric activity and flares, and their relations of magnetic activity and rotation period. We have obtained the maximum catalog of 516,688 M-type stellar spectra of 480,912 M stars from LAMOST DR5 and calculated their equivalent widths of chromospheric activity indicators (Hα, Hβ, Hγ, Hδ, Ca ii H&K, and He i D3). Using the Hα indicator, 40,464 spectra of 38,417 M stars show chromospheric activity, and 1791 of these 5499 M-type stars with repeated observations have Hα variability. We used an automatic detection plus visual inspection method to detect 17,432 flares on 8964 M-type stars from the catalog by cross-matching LAMOST DR5 and the Kepler and K2 databases. We used the Lomb–Scargle method to calculate their rotation periods. We find that the flare frequency is consistent with the ratio of activities of these chromospheric activity indicators as a function of spectral type in M0–M3. We find the equivalent widths of Hα and Ca ii H have a significant statistical correlation with the flare amplitude in M-type stars. We confirm that the stellar flare is affected by both the stellar magnetic activity and the rotation period. Finally, using the Hα equivalent width equal to 0.75 Å and using the rotation period equal to 10 days as the threshold for the M-type stellar flare time frequency are almost equivalent.
A standardized European trapping protocol – perspectives for long-term studies
Authors: Assmann Thorsten , Boutaud Estève , Drees Claudia , Zumstein Pascale
Published: August 2019

Pitfall traps have a long tradition in carabidology and have been used for more than a century (e.g. over a century ago by Reitter). However, different trap designs were and are often used (e.g. preservative liquids, trap diameters, with or without roof). The resulting lack of comparability undermines the suitability of the catches, as for many modern ecological and conservation biological questions, the compilation of data across large geographical scales is important. This applies in particular to long-term studies, which are currently debated in Central Europe to mitigate insect decline. Therefore, standardization of the trapping protocol is urgently needed.

Here we propose a trapping method protocol based on the protocols for long-term research in North America and Great Britain. In an open discussion the design and further research approaches have been debated with the participants of the 19th ECM in Rennes. A pilot study using two trap diameters and two preservation fluids allowed us to test the suitability of the new trap design.

The aim of this contribution is the standardization of the trapping protocol and to stimulate discussions about joint projects which help us to understand and conserve the structure and function of ground beetle communities in Europe.
A revision of the geographical distributions of the shrews Crocidura tanakae and C. attenuata based on genetic species identification in the mainland of China
Authors: Li Yaoyao , Li Haotian , Motokawa Masaharu , Wu Yi , Harada Masashi , Sun Huimei , Mo Xinmin , Wang Jing , Li Yuchun
Published: August 2019

The Taiwanese gray shrew (Crocidura tanakae) and Asian gray shrew (C. attenuata) are so similar in size and morphology that the taxonomic status of the former has changed several times since its description;C. tanakaehas also been regarded as an endemic species of Taiwan Island. In recent years, molecular identification has led to several reports ofC. tanakaebeing distributed in the mainland of China. In this study, we determine the geographical distribution ofC. attenuataandC. tanakaebased on more than one hundred specimens collected during 2000 to 2018 over a wide area covering the traditional ranges of the two species in the mainland of China, and show a substantial revision of their distributions. Among 110 individuals, 33C. attenuataand 77C. tanakaewere identified byCytbgene and morphologies. Our results show, (1)C. attenuataandC. tanakaeare distributed sympatrically in the mainland of China; (2) contrary to the previous reports, the distribution range ofC. attenuatais restricted and much smaller than that ofC. tanakaein the mainland of China; (3) Hainan Island, like Taiwan Island, is inhabited byC. tanakaeonly according to the present data.
Taxonomic revision of the genus Copelatus of Madagascar (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae): the non- erichsonii group species
Authors: Ranarilalatiana Tolotra , Raveloson Ravaomanarivo Lala Harivelo , Bergsten Johannes
Published: August 2019

The genusCopelatusErichson, 1832 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae) of Madagascar is revised in two parts. This review is restricted to theCopelatusspecies that have fewer than ten elytral + one submarginal stria, including all species except those of theerichsoniispecies group. Both morphological and molecular (mitochondrial COI) data are used in an integrative taxonomic approach. Thirteen species are recognised, of which five are described as new:Copelatus ankaratrasp. nov.,Copelatus kelysp. nov.,Copelatus pseudostriatussp. nov.,Copelatus safiotrasp. nov.andCopelatus vokokasp. nov.Copelatus unguicularisRégimbart, 1903 andCopelatus apicalisFairmaire, 1898 are both transferred to the genusMadaglymbusShaverdo & Balke, 2008 (comb. nov.).Copelatus mimetesGuignot 1957 is a junior synonym of the widespread Afrotropical–ArabianCopelatus pulchellus(Klug, 1834) (syn. nov.).Copelatus marginipennis(Laporte, 1835) is reinstated (stat. nov.) as a valid species withCopelatus aldabricusBalfour-Browne, 1950 and Copelatus aldabricus var. simplex Guignot, 1952 as junior synonyms (syn. nov.). We designate lectotypes forColymbetes marginipennisLaporte, 1835 andCopelatus obtususBoheman, 1848.Copelatus peridinusGuignot, 1955 is recorded for Madagascar for the first time andCopelatus nodieriRégimbart, 1895 is rejected as a species present in Madagascar.
L’art « suisse » et son histoire (1755-1983)
Authors: Bätschmann Oskar , Baumgartner Marcel
Published: August 2019

La question de savoir s’il existe véritablement « un art suisse » ou s’il n’y a, au contraire, que « des artistes suisses » revient comme un leitmotiv dans l’historiographie de l’art en Suisse. Cependant, il faut aussi prendre en considération les interactions qui existent entre les efforts fournis pour créer un art suisse national et les recherches des historiens d’art. Des problèmes particuliers résultent des implications de l’histoire des styles et de celle des influences (« retard stylistique », « mélange des styles », « provincialisme »), ainsi que de la distinction faite entre art « supérieur » et art « inférieur » dans un pays qui « est pauvre en œuvres éminentes » (Rahn). Il apparaît que la littérature populaire (ouvrages sur la civilisation et la culture) et les histoires régionales de l’art sont susceptibles d’aborder cette situation particulière d’une manière souvent plus impartiale que l’histoire de l’art proprement dite.
Comparison of cultures in consultant and contractor organizations in construction industry
Authors: Rameezdeen Raufdeen , Gunarathna Nishanthi
Published: August 2019

Large number of stakeholders in construction projects makes the construction industry prone to disputes. The historical separation between design and construction add to this phenomenon by having a consultant for design and a contractor for construction. Communication breakdown, frequently, is the first sign of problems, notably in the relationship between the Contractor and the Consultant. It appears that the split between design and construction has given rise to two separate cultures in the construction industry. This paper attempts to identify whether there is a difference in organizational culture between Consultants and Contractors taken as two groups and determine whether a specific attribute was related to the cultural differences between the two entities. Based on case studies it was found that consultants are biased towards Clan culture while contractors are biased towards Market culture. However, both groups show similar affinity to Adhocracy and Hierarchy cultures.
Problems and prospects of utilizing canal banks to enhance the built environment in Colombo
Authors: Perera Ranjith
Published: August 2019

Waterfronts are assets that enhance the quality of built-environment in urban areas. They are used as public and recreational spaces in many cities around the world. However, cities and towns in Sri Lanka most often turn their back to water bodies. Colombo has environmental assets in the form of a sea front, a lake and a canal network, yet not much attempt has been made to utilize their potential to enhance the quality of environment of the city until recent times. The lake is being rehabilitated while the canal network has already been rehabilitated under externally funded projects. It is observed that the rehabilitated canal network is fast falling back to its previous state of stagnation and pollution due to non-utilization of improved canals and banks. This paper focuses attention on possible strategies to sustain their improved environmental quality in order to enhance the built-environment of the city.
Disinheriting the inheritance: universal proclaiming and local dissonance
Authors: Munasinghe Harsha
Published: August 2019

Today, we live in a modern world, in which an economic society characterised by individualism has been transformed. The 'West', becoming the materialistic and ideological centre of this divided world, sets norms and values for the periphery. The intensive discussions on culture, heritage and identity are emerging today, but they are framed by the globalisation of world cum individualisation of society. Emphasising the market value, the modern heritage discourse turns the inherited items into commodities. The international charters and documents, styled after the Western modernism, have not resisted this either. They disconnect the heritage from its spatial as well as social context as their assessment procedures and protection approaches are fashioned according to the economic society. The national charters, mostly styled after those international documents, fail to establish the cultural continuity. The modern heritage discourse thus causes disinheritance. This paper studies the heritage discourse, with aims to emphasise the potentials of a decentralised assessment and ascription of values to lay foundations for a post-economic society.
'n Biologies-gefundeerde hipotese in verband met die ontslaan van hakkel
Authors: Uys I. C.
Published: August 2019

'n Kritiese evaluasie van verskeie teorieë, sowel as navorsingsresultate op die gebied van hakkel, dui op baie leemtes, veral met betrekking tot die geheel-beeld van die probleem. Bewys word gelewer dat al die verskillende teoriee alleenlik sekere fasette  van die probleem verklaar, maar nie almal nie. Die grootste onduidelikheid is veral gevind ten opsigte van die aanvang van hakkel. 'n Studie van sekere biologiese verskynsels, wat spraak- en taalgedrag ten grondslag lê, lewer 'n moontlike verklaring vir sommige van hierdie onbeantwoorde vrae. Hakkel word beskou as 'n versteuring in ritmiese patroonvorming as 'n temporale verskynsel. Klem word veral gele op die fisiologiese  onvermoe tot tydsberekening in die uiting van lettergrepe. Dit word gesien as 'n onder-breking in die ritmiese vloei van spraak as gevolg van 'n koordinasieafwyking, inteenstelling met onderbrekings op die supramorfemiese vlak (wat as normale spraak aanvaar word) as gevolg van besluite in verband met die ontwikkeling van sinne. Die hoop word uitgespreek dat hierdie hipotese as stimulus tot eksperimente sal dien.
An application of learning theory to secondary aspects of stuttering
Authors: Marks Margaret
Published: August 2019

The concepts of primary and secondary stuttering are re-evoked to provide a framework for a discussion of the theoretical division of stuttering into a series of responses. The stuttering behaviours of an advanced stutterer are divided into those of awareness, avoidance, the 'moment of stuttering', a release response and the utterance of the word. One set of responses, those of avoidance, are treated within various learning theory paradigms, namely, the Mowrer-Ullman hypothesis, chaining, superstition, and an avoidance-escape dichotomy. Although no direct therapeutic implications are deduced from these analogies, the value for the speech pathologist of a knowledge of the principles and techniques of learning theory, is stressed.
Die ontwikkeling en toetsing van artikulasievermoëns by die Afrikaanssprekende kind
Authors: Lotter Elsie C.
Published: August 2019

Daar bestaan tans geen gestandaardiseerde Afrikaanse artikulasietoets nie en ontwikkelingsnorms vir die klanke van Afrikaans is nog nie tevore opgestel nie. In hierdie studie is gepoog om 'n stel ouderdomsnorms vir die artikulasie-vermoë van die Afrikaanssprekende kind daar te stel en om 'n voorlopige vorm van 'n Afrikaanse Artikulasietoets vir gebruik by jong kinders op te stel. Die gegewens van 999 proefpersone (499 seuns en 500 dogters) tussen die ouderdomme 3-9 en 9-6 jaar is verwerk vir die vasstelling van die ontwikkelings norms. Die toetsmateriaal vir die artikulasietoets is gekies na aanleiding van die response van 2315 proefpersone. Benewens 'n woordelys vir gebruik as artikulasie-inventaris, word verskeie verwerkings en toepassings van verkreë response voorgestel. Daar word aanbeveel dat die voorlopige toetsformaat die volgende insluit: 'n Tabel vir die optekening van response; gegewens vir die berekening van algemene spraakverstaanbaarheid; materiaal vir die ontlokking van 'n monster van aaneenlopende spraak; 'n metode vir die ontleding van foutresponse; en 'n stimuleerbaarheids-subtoets vir diagnostiese doeleindes.
Audiometric Weber and Rinne test as compared pure-tone thresholds
Authors: Thompson Alison K.
Published: August 2019

Results of the audiometric Weber and Rinne tests were compared to pure tone thresholds in 185 Bantu patients. The frequency of 1000 Hz was selected as being most suitable for Weber and Rinne testing. The Weber was found to be of limited diagnostic value even with unilateral conductive losses whilst the Rinne displays a fair degree of efficiency and is of value as a routine supplement to audiometric threshold tests.
The role of speech therapy in the head and neck service
Authors: Dinner M. I.
Published: August 2019

The vital role of the speech therapist, in the multi-disciplinary approach to the rehabilitation of patients subjected to ablative surgery for malignant disease of the head and neck region, is reviewed. The role of the surgical techniques of speech rehabilitation of the laryngectomised patient, who has failed to respond to the therapist's instruction in oesophageal speech rehabilitation, is high-lighted. The deliberate pharyngeal fistula created from the pharynx to the skin surface, is connected by a "speech device" to the tracheostomy stoma. The diversion of expired pulmonary air into the pharynx allows for immediate articulation.
A comparison of the SISI and the stapedius reflex test in the differential diagnosis of cochlear pathology
Authors: Block Linda
Published: August 2019

Previous research has cast doubt on the reliability and validity of the SISI in the differential diagnosis of cochlear pathology. This study further evaluates this test by comparing it to the Stapedius Reflex Test, a test of recruitment and cochlear pathology. Two groups of 10 subjects each were selected (36 ears). The first had cochlear pathology as detected by the reflex test, and the second, the control group, had normal ears. The results revealed that the SISI was significantly inferior to the reflex test in the detection of cochlear pathology. Possible modifications of the SISI are suggested.
The relationship between phonology and inflectional morphology in an agrammatic aphasic
Authors: Kobrin Meryl , Wolk Lesley
Published: August 2019

The interaction between phonological and morphological breakdown in an agrammatic aphasic was investigated. Three linguistic tasks were constructed  which were presented via two modes, reading and repetition. Results revealed that purely phonological consonant clusters were easier than clusters which contain a morphological component, and that these categories could be differentiated in terms of phonological error type. Inflectional omission was conditioned by phonological characteristics of the preceding segment. There was an interaction between the phonological and morphological hierarchies of difficulty in inflections which are homonyms phonologically. Findings suggest an interdependence between phonological and morphological breakdown in the agrammatic aphasic examined. Results were discussed with reference to clinical implications.