bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF JUSTIFICATION OF THE ESSENCE OF THE “CREDIT MARKET”CONCEPT
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Sadchykova Iryna
Published: November 2022

The credit market at the present stage of development is a mechanism of funds distribution, which ensures the transformation of monetary capital into a loan.The functioning of this market affects all economic entities, since the lack of financial resources negatively influences not only individuals and legal entities, but also inhibits innovative development of the national economy, reduces opportunities for expanding the activities of economic entities and significantly plunges into the credit rating of the country as a whole.Accordingly, given the objective importance of the credit market for the economy development of any country, the issue of conducting new scientific research in the field of this market studying, the features of its functioning are important.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the essence of the credit market, the features of its functioning in economic systems of different hierarchical levels through the study of the basic conceptual approaches to considering its concept.In the course of the research, the main theoretical trends in determining the essence of the “credit” definition were thoroughly considered, this made it possible to find out that a loan is not a tool and source of extended reproduction, acts as a resource for profit both by the lender and the borrower, and also contributes to the development of innovative processes in economy. In addition, the content of the “market” category was investigated, which made it possible to distinguish different approaches to the interpretation of this concept. Based on these two concepts, the essence of the credit market was considered, the approaches to the interpretation of this category were given, common and specific features characteristic for the credit market were revealed.Based on this, the author proposed the following definition that the credit market is a specific economic space, where there is an interaction between the lender and the borrower about the purchase and sale of loan capital, in order to meet public and own needs through a system of banking and non-banking financial and credit institutions according to the basic principles.
STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRISIS SITUATIONS DURING THE PERIOD OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Gonta Olena
Published: November 2022

In the article, the development of crisis situations during the COVID-19 pandemic in the regions of Ukraine is researched. The main reasons for the emergence of crisis situations in the regions are given. External and internal factors that cause crisis situations are also analyzed, where the main focus is paid to internal factors that can be influenced and managed, namely: managerial, market and production. It has been proven that despite the variety of factors that can lead to crisis situations in the regions, in most cases there are precisely shortcomings in the regional administration. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of the regional management is the most characteristic problem for most regions, which prevent their effective functioning in the conditions of modern market relations. Crisis situations occurring in the regions are reflected precisely on the performance of the GDP form. In this regard, the GRP structure in the GDP formation was analyzed, where the main regions, the specific weight of which is the largest, were highlighted, namely: Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kiev and Kharkiv regions. These regions are characterized by production activities. As a result, in the article, the volume of sold industrial products of the studied regions is analyzed, and their value for the future period is forecasted. The forecasting results showed that in the future it is planned to increase the volumes of industrial products in the studied regions, however, taking into account the influence of possible external and internal factors, this may lead to the drop in volumes, which will form the emergence of new crisis situations. Therefore, the leadership of the region must implement measures aimed at preventing such situations in a timely manner. It has been proven that the measures aimed at preventing crisis situations in the regions should be connected with the internal strategy of the region’s development and be their basis. The study of negative factors that lead to the emergence of such situations contributes to the quantitative and qualitative analysis of their impact degree on crisis prevention. Under this approach, special attention should also be paid to the specificity of regions and the development of their potential
CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF INVESTMENTS AND THEIR FEATURES IN THE CAPITAL MARKETS
Authors:   State Tax University, Kovalenko Yuliia , Bilovus Tetyana ,   eparate structural subdivision professional college of Mykolaiv national university named by V. Sukhomlynsky, Khelemskyi Viktor ,   State Tax University, Shulha Tetiana ,   State Tax University
Published: November 2022

Further development and intensification of investment processes in the capital markets are important factors for the reset and intensive economic growth of Ukraine. Any reform measures implemented in Ukraine require substantial investment resources. The basic definition from which the study of the investment process begins is the concept of investment. Despite the significance of scientific achievements in this area, there is a certain level of fragmentation in approaches to the essence of investment in capital markets, divergence of views on the further development of these markets. The purpose of the article is to deepen the conceptual foundations of investments in capital markets as a key tool for their further development in today's conditions.Investments are defined as the investment (placement) of monetary resources, property and intellectual values in various types of economic activities or financial instruments with a certain level of risk, the ultimate goal of which is to generate profit (income) or preserve the real value of financial assets, which may ultimately lead to economic, social or environmental effects. The financial market consists of credit, money and equity markets. At the same time, the securities market is only a part of them. Together with the derivatives market and the money market, they constitute capital markets. This made it possible to define investments in capital markets as a process of investing (placing) money in financial instruments with a certain level of risk, the ultimate goal of which is to generate income (profit) and / or increase the real valueof financial assets, formed under the influence of such parameters as reliability, liquidity and term of such investment (placement).The importance of the proposed study is due to the need to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of investments in general and their specifics in the capital markets in particular, their use as a potential factor in strengthening the competitive position of the Ukrainian financial sector in the international economic space
The Use of Law to Address Space Debris Mitigation and Remediation: Looking Through a Science and Technology Lens
Authors: Handmer Annie , Freeland Steven
Published: November 2022

Increasingly over the past six decades, space exploration and technology have revolutionized the world we live in. The land- scape in outer space has continued to evolve rapidly, presenting new challenges for a much slower moving legal framework as well as for peaceful uses of space more generally. In particular, space debris has emerged as a pressing global threat. In response, states have shifted towards a more informal two-pronged approach to outer space, as reflected by non-binding instruments adopted by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS), along with the development of technologies that aim to provide practical solutions to space debris concerns. Taking into account these strategies, this Article first undertakes a review of various complexities facing the existing regulatory framework regarding the environment of space with a focus on dual-use technologies. The Article then demonstrates how Science and Technology Studies (STS) perspectives may offer frameworks and approaches that allow legal scholars to approach highly networked and entangled questions in ways that offer new paths forward while also facilitating technical legal analysis. By doing this, we hope to emphasize that a more multi-disciplinary perspective regarding the complexities and challenges associated with increasing levels of space activities is both warranted and constructive.
A case of McCune–Albright syndrome hiding in the bones
Authors: Doré-Brabant Gabrielle , Rousseau-Nepton Isabelle
Published: November 2022

McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare genetic disorder which presents across a broad clinical spectrum. The characteristic features are café-au-lait macules, fibrous dysplasia of the bone (FD), and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies. A 10-year-old girl presented with peripheral precocious puberty, growth hormone (GH) excess, and asymptomatic FD without café-au-lait macules. MAS should be suspected in the presence of any characteristic feature, even in the absence of café-au-lait macules. A skeletal survey should be considered in patients presenting with an unknown cause of peripheral precocious puberty to search for signs of FD, even in the absence of other clinical manifestations.
Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism (NDH) syndrome caused by GLIS3 mutation: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Pachapure Shaila Sanjay , Badiger Shriharsha , Tadakanahalli Satish , Franco Elisa De , Manthale Aishwarya , Kulkarni Vijay
Published: November 2022

Neonatal diabetes mellitus with congenital hypothyroidism (NDH) syndrome (OMIM: 610199) caused by GLIS3 gene mutations is a multisystem disorder. To date, only 23 cases of NDH syndrome have been reported worldwide. We report a child diagnosed on day 24 of life with neonatal diabetes, congenital hypothyroidism, congenital glaucoma, and dysmorphic facial features. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous pathogenic frameshift variant (p.Gln361Profs*193) in the GLIS3 gene, located on chromosome 9p24.2. Our report confirms that infants with neonatal diabetes and congenital hypothyroidism along with facial dysmorphism should be screened for GLIS3 mutations.
A child with hypocalcemia – Looking for the bedside clues!
Authors: Thuruthiyath Nithya , Kumar T. M. Sanjeev
Published: November 2022

A 4-year 2-month-old girl presented with painful spasms in both hands and feet. She was noticed to have excessive weight gain and mild developmental delay and was diagnosed with hypothyroidism during infancy. She had a stocky build and round facies, brachydactyly, and subcutaneous calcification. Laboratory investigations showed low serum calcium, high serum phosphorus, and elevated intact PTH levels. A provisional diagnosis of pseudohypoparathyroidism was made.
Pathology of the central nervous system in children with retinopathy of prematurity
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nikolaeva G.V.
Published: November 2022

Purpose. To evaluate neurosonographic symptoms of preterm infants as a risk criterion for the development of retinopathy of prematurity. Material and Methods. 579 premature babies with risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (weight up to 2000 g, gestational age 34–35 weeks) were prospectively examined. Ophthalmic monitoring, neurosonographic examination was carried out. The data were statistically processed, the classical Pearson χ² criterion was calculated. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. ROP developed in 172 cases (29.7%), 57 of them (33%) had a severe type of the disease (ROP type I). In 83 children neurosonographic symptoms of the head of the caudate nucleus ischemia were revealed. Intraventricular hemorrhage of the third stage was formed in 106 children (18.3%); periventricular leukomalacia was detected in 103 cases (17.7%). The incidence of structural hypoxic lesions of the central nervous system was higher in children with ROP. Severe form of ROP, which required surgical intervention, in 54.3% of cases developed in patient with intraventricular hemorrhages of the 3rd stage and in 50.8% of cases in patients with periventricular leukomalacia. There was a significant difference in the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhages of the 3rd stage (df=1; χ²=41.58, p<0.0001) and periventricular leukomalacia (df=1; χ²=41.49, p<0.0001) in children with ROP and without it. There was a significant difference in the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhages of the 3rd stage (df=1; χ² =51.09; p<0.0001) and periventricular leukomalacia (df=1; χ² =25.31; p<0.0001) in children with ROP I and II types. Significant differences in the prevalnece of neurosonographic signs of head ischemia of the caudate nucleus in the first month of life in the group with ROP and the group without ROP were revealed (df=1; χ² =84.14; p<0.0001). Ischemia of caudate nucleus heads was more often detected in children with severe ROP than in children with ROP with spontaneous regression (df=1; χ² =7.79; p=0.053). Specificity (77.4%), accuracy (76.7%), predictive value of the positive result (34.9%) of the diagnostic criterion «Ischemia of caudate nucleus» is higher than similar indices for intraventricular hemorrhage of the third stage and periventricular leukomalacia, p<0.001. The sensitivity of intraventricular hemorrhage of the third stage as a diagnostic criterion differs insignificantly (p=0.04). Conclusion. Neurosonographic symptoms are an early prognostic criterion for the development and severe course of retinopathy of prematurity. Key words: premature infants; retinopathy of prematurity; ophthalmological monitoring; neurosonography; intraventricular hemorrhage; periventricular leukomalacia; ischemia of the head of the caudate nucleus
Once again about the clinical signs and treatment of children with peripheral retinal degeneration
Authors:   St. Petersburg Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, St. Petersburg, Somov E.E. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Vorontsova T.N. ,   St. Petersburg Clinic «Modern Medical Technologies», St. Petersburg, Kononova N.E. ,   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg
Published: November 2022

Purpose. Improving the effectiveness of examination and treatment of children with peripheral retinal degeneration (PRD). Material and methods. 411 patients (496 eyes) with PRD aged 6 to 18 years were examined for the period from 2016 to 2021. All children underwent visometry, refractometry in conditions of cycloplegia, ophthalmoscopy with a 60.0 dptr. lens, biomicroscopy with a Goldman lens or panfundus lenses «Mainster». All of them underwent barrier laser coagulation of the retina. Results. Clinical material related to laser treatment of children with PRD is represented by regmatogenic (406 eyes) retinal dystrophy and its tears (65 eyes). Postoperative dynamic observation revealed signs of progression – an increase in the area of retinal dystrophy (95 eyes) and their dislocation around the created barriers (67 eyes). We managed to block them due to targeted laser coagulation. Conclusion. In general, the diagnosis, examination, and treatment of children with PRD is a complex, thorny and long-lasting process. In our patients, it turned out to be generally clinically favorable, but the frequent progression of dystrophic changes against the background of the progression of myopia requires constant monitoring. Keywords: peripheral retinal dystrophy; laser coagulation in children
Antioxidant activity of some pharmaceuticals used in ophthalmology
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Federatin, Moscow, Guseva M.R. , Komarov O.S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Federatin, Moscow, Galkina N.M. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russian Federatin, Moscow
Published: November 2022

Purpose. Identification of antioxidant activity (AOA) in known pharmaceutical drugs used for eye treatment and comparative evaluation of their antioxidant properties. Material and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out on a model system using a suspension of yolk lipoproteins. This model has several advantages: availability, ease of isolation, storage stability, and reproducibility. The clinical part of work consisted in inclusion of these drugs in the treatment course of patients with inflammatory eye diseases. Results. In this experiment, a high AOA of several drugs was found. As a result, it may be possible to expand their spectrum of applications in treatment of ophthalmic pathology. Conclusions. In several cases, the antioxidant activity of previously known and widely used in ophthalmological practice pharmaceutical drugs was found. The discovery of new properties in known drugs makes it possible to expand the spectrum of their application, considering the identified antioxidant properties. The inclusion of drugs with an antioxidant effect in the treatment course for patients with inflammatory eye diseases can reduce the duration of treatment and increase its effectiveness. Keywords: antioxidants; medicines; initiators of oxidation, lipoproteins
Humidity in Regularly Played Historical Brass Instruments. The Possibilities and
Limitations of Preventive Conservation
Authors: Ledergerber Martin , Cornet Emilie , Hildbrand Erwin
Published: November 2022

Historical brass instruments that are played regularly face a number of risks to
their preservation in the long run. Apart from mechanical damage caused by intensive
handling and normal wear and tear, one of the major threats is the interior humidity
accumulated through and during playing. As far as brass instruments are concerned, no
investigations have yet been undertaken to measure the amount of humidity accumulated
during playing and its damage potential. With the aid of climate measurements and
complementary tests, the effective corrosive impact of regular playing on the interior
surfaces of brass instruments was assessed over a period of several months. Based on the
insights gained there, potential preventive conservation strategies were evaluated, and
maintenance measures suggested that musicians could implement in situ and with
ease.
Breathing New Life into Historical Instruments. How to Monitor Corrosion
Authors: Elsener Bernhard , Lombardo Tiziana , Cocco Federica , Fantauzzi Marzia , Wörle Marie , Rossi Antonella
Published: November 2022

‘To play or to display’ is the dilemma that museums have to face, given the
increasing trend towards historically informed performance. Brass instruments can suffer
corrosion both during and after playing due to the high humidity inside them. To
forestall or at least reduce corrosion, drying with a fan has been chosen as a
preventive measure. The state of corrosion inside the tuning slides of the instruments
was determined with a specially developed electrochemical sensor. The results of the
project show that drying with a fan indeed reduces ongoing corrosion, when compared to a
group of instruments played without preventive measures that showed an increasing
corrosion rate over time.
How Surface Analysis Can Contribute to an Understanding of the Preventive
Conservation of Brass Instruments
Authors: Cocco Federica , Fantauzzi Marzia , Elsener Bernhard , Rossi Antonella
Published: November 2022

Historical brass instruments can suffer corrosion during and after playing due to
the high degree of humidity inside – but the surface chemistry inside the tuning slides
remains essentially unknown. Based on a series of previously published works of the
present authors, this paper describes in a comprehensive way how ex-situ XPS surface
analytical measurements can shed light on this topic. On freshly polished brass samples
exposed to model solutions such as artificial saliva, a thick, polycrystalline surface
film composed of copper-thiocyanate and zinc phosphate is formed, whereas in a phosphate
buffer solution only a thin film composed of copper and zinc oxy-hydroxide and zinc
phosphate is present. ‘As received’ brass samples from old instruments showed quite a
thick surface film of copper and zinc oxy-hydroxide that protects the alloy beneath from
corrosion. In combination with the in-situ electrochemical results, a first, tentative
identification of the surface film inside the tuning slides can be offered.
Monitoring the Condition of Played Historical Brass Instruments by Means of Neutron
Imaging
Authors: Mannes David , Lehmann Eberhard
Published: November 2022

Neutron imaging is a non-destructive testing method that functions according to
principles similar to X-ray imaging. In contrast to X-rays, neutrons can generally
penetrate metals rather well, but at the same time they have a high sensitivity for
hydrogen. This makes neutron imaging – which includes radiography (investigations in 2D)
as well as tomography (3D) – an ideal method for studying the impact of playing
historical brass instruments. Playing a brass instrument creates an accumulation of
moisture inside the instrument, which can eventually lead to the generation and
expansion of corroded areas inside it. This moisture, along with many other products of
corrosion, contains hydrogen, which provides a high degree of contrast for neutron
imaging. This article explains how neutron imaging was used to monitor the condition of
historical brass instruments, i.e. the changes in the internal corroded areas, by
comparing 3D CT-data sets acquired before and after the instruments had been played on a
regular basis over the period of fourteen months.
¿Hay verdaderamente una fórmula estándar para el riesgo de suscripción de vida?
Authors: Garayeta Asier , De La Peña Esteban J. Iñaki
Published: November 2022

La directiva Solvencia II permite elaborar modelos internos como alternativa a la formulación estándar. Sin embargo, en este trabajo se demuestra que ésta realmente no es más que un principio estándar bajo el que cada entidad aseguradora deberá desarrollar su propia formulación acorde a lo específico de los seguros que comercialice. Ello afecta, principalmente a aseguradoras medianas y pequeñas, las cuales abundan en España.
RENTABILIDAD ESPERADA EN SEGUROS DE VIDA: ANÁLISIS ACTUARIAL DE LA METODOLOGÍA DE CÁLCULO A LA LUZ DE LA ORDEN ECC/2329/2014, DE 12 DE DICIEMBRE
Authors: Moreno Ruiz Rafael , Trigo Martínez Eduardo , Gómez Pérez-Cacho Olga , Escobar López Rubén Nicolás
Published: November 2022

Abstract Law 1/2013 introduced in our legal framework the obligation to report on the expected rate of return in those life insurance types where consumer doesn´t take investment risk. Ministerial Decree ECC/2329/2014 has regulated certain aspects like the life insurance types which are exempted or the methodology that has to be used to calculate expected rate of return. Rate of return of a life insurance contract is a random variable. Expected rate of return can be calculated through two approaches which are developed in this work both from a theoretic perspective –model construction- and from a practical one (application to cases). Keywords: expected yield; life insurance; actuarial methodology. Resumen La Ley 1/2013, de 14 de mayo introdujo en nuestro ordenamiento la obligación de informar de la rentabilidad esperada de la operación en aquellas modalidades de seguro de vida en las que el tomador no asuma el riesgo de la inversión, si bien fue en la Orden ECC/2329/2014, de 12 de diciembre, en la que fueron regulados diferentes aspectos como las modalidades concretas excluidas o la metodología de cálculo a emplear.
APLICACIÓN DE LOS MODELOS LEE-CARTER Y RENSHAW-HABERMAN EN LOS SEGUROS DE VIDA Y MIXTOS
Authors: Santolino Miguel , Macías Yovana
Published: November 2022

Abstract The article analyzes differences between estimated premiums in life and mixed insurance products using the mortality/life tables for the Spanish insured population with the estimated premiums if we rely on the mortality/life tables based on the predictions made by the Lee-Carter model and the Renshaw-Haberman model. In the proposed scenarios, it is observed that the premiums calculated using the PASEM 2010 mortality tables are higher than those based on the Lee-Carter and Renshaw-Haberman models. However, it does not longer hold when the PERMF-2000P life tables are applied. Keywords: Mortality tables, provisions, risk management, longevity. Resumen En este artículo se pretende analizar las diferencias, si existen, entre las primas estimadas en seguros de vida y mixtos utilizando las tablas de mortalidad/supervivencia para la población asegurada española con las primas estimadas si nos basamos en las tablas de mortalidad creadas a través de las predicciones realizadas por el modelo Lee-Carter y el modelo Renshaw-Haberman. En los escenarios propuestos se observa que las primas calculadas mediante las tablas de mortalidad PASEM 2010 son superiores a las basadas en los modelos Lee-Carter y Renshaw-Haberman. En cambio, no ocurre lo mismo cuando se utilizan las tablas de supervivencia PERMF-2000P. Palabras clave: Tablas de mortalidad, reservas, gestión del riesgo, longevidad.
A COMPARISON OF THE EXTREME VALUE THEORY AND GARCH MODELS IN TERMS OF RISK MEASURES
Authors: Nevruz  , Sahin Sule
Published: November 2022

Abstract In this paper, we apply extreme value theory (EVT) and time series models to eight developed and emerging stock markets published in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Index. Based on the Human Development Index (HDI) rankings, which are consistent with the MSCI index, we analyse Singapore, Spain, UK and US for devel-oped stock markets and Chile, Russia, Malaysia and Turkey for emerg-ing stock markets. We use the daily prices (in USD) of eight countries for the period from January 2014 to December 2017 and examine the performances of the models based on in-sample testing. Calculating the value-at-risk (VaR) as a risk measure for both right and left tails of the log-returns of the selected models, we compare these countries in terms of their financial risks. The obtained risk measures enable us to dis-cuss the grouping and the ranking of the stock markets and their relative positions. Keywords: Extreme value theory, GARCH models, Human development index, Risk measures, Value-at-risk. Resumen En este trabajo aplicamos Teoría de Valores Extremos (EVT) y modelos de series temporales a ocho mercados bursátiles desarrollados y emergentes, publicados en el índice Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI). Basándonos en los rankings del Human Development Index (HDI), que son consistentes con el índice MSCI, analizamos Singapur, España, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos para los mercados bursátiles desarrollados, y Chile, Rusia, Malasia y Turquía para los mercados bursátiles emergentes. Utilizamos los precios diarios (en dólares USD) de estos ocho países para el período desde enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2017, y examinamos el funcionamiento de los modelos basados en el testeo en muestras. Calculando el valor en riesgo (VaR) como medida de riesgo para las colas derecha e izquierda del retorno en logaritmos de los modelos seleccionados, comparamos estos países en términos de sus riesgos financieros. Las medidas de riesgo obtenidas nos permiten debatir la agrupación y el ranking de los mercados bursátiles y sus posiciones relativas. Palabras clave: Teoría de Valores Extremos, modelos GARCH, Índice de Desarrollo Humano (HDI), medidas de riesgo, Valor en riesgo
Advanced model of calculation of Capital for operational risk: top-down approach
Authors: Gonzalez Carbonell Estefania , González Carbonell Estefanía
Published: November 2022

The Entities are exposed to disruptive events derived from operational risk. To provide coverage against this risk, an advanced model has been developed to quantify the Economic Capital required to cover losses due to the said risk. The model is based on the Loss Distribution Approach (LDA), the Monte Carlo simulation and the Value at Risk measure, using only historical internal loss data. The model uses a “top-down” approach which consists in the calculation of the total Capital in the first instance and later the disaggregation of it among the Basel Cells. The model proves to be robust by capturing the Entity's true risk profile, solving the problem of data scarcity and achieving the maximum level of ex post granularity.
Rentabilidad financiero-fiscal de las rentas de jubilación temporales o vitalicias aseguradas y contratadas a prima única
Authors: Perez-Fructuoso  , Pérez-Fructuoso María José , Alegre Escolano Antonio
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la rentabilidad financiero-fiscal que puede obtener un asegurado al contratar una renta de supervivencia diferida y vitalicia. Se obtienen las expresiones analíticas de la distribución de probabilidad de la rentabilidad real de la operación, de la rentabilidad esperada y de los indicadores de riesgo que proponemos utilizar junto a esta rentabilidad. Se desarrolla una aplicación numérica de un caso particular de forma que el estudio realizado muestra la aplicabilidad de los resultados obtenidos permitiendo al asegurado tomar sus decisiones en ambiente aleatorio con la máxima información.
Synthesis of Stilbenes Using Various Catalysts and Investigation of their Optical Properties
Authors: Ulukan Pelin , Catak Saron , Ertas Erdal
Published: November 2022

Stilbenes substituted with –CN, –OMe and –Br were synthesized using four different Lewis acid catalysts and their reaction efficiencies were compared. In addition to the McMurry reagents known in literature, a more economical catalyst, ZnCl2, was used for the first time in our reaction procedures. Furthermore, bromine substituted stilbenes were subjected to Suzuki coupling reactions to append a triphenylamine (TPA) unit to enhance fluorescence emissions. Solvatochromic properties of synthesized stilbenes were investigated and aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) properties of TPA containing molecules were systematically examined. Structural and optical properties of the stilbenes under study were also theoretically investigated by way of DFT calculations and the experimental results were supported by the computational methods.
Role of Counterions in the Structural Stabilisation of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Golomb Matthias , Tolborg Kasper , Calbo Joaquín , Walsh Aron
Published: November 2022

The crystal structures of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are typically determined by the strong chemical bonds formed between the organic and inorganic building units. However, the latest generation of redox-active frameworks often rely on counterions in the pores to access specific charge states of the components. Here, we model the crystal structures of three layered MOFs based on the redox-active ligand 2,5-dihyroxybenzoquinone (dhbq): Ti$_2$(Cl$_2$dhbq)$_3$, V$_2$(Cl$_2$dhbq)$_3$ and Fe$_2$(Cl$_2$dhbq)$_3$ with implicit and explicit counterions. Our full-potential first-principles calculations indicate that while the reported hexagonal structure is readily obtained for Ti and V, the Fe framework is stabilised only by the presence of explicit counterions. For high counterion concentrations, we observe the formation of an electride-like pocket in the pore center. An outlook is provided on the implications of solvent and counterion control for engineering the structures and properties of porous solids.
Tiered Leak Detection and Repair Programs at Oil and Gas Production Facilities
Authors: Cardoso-Saldaña Felipe J.
Published: November 2022

Methane emission rates originating from oil and gas production facilities are highly skewed and span 6-8 orders of magnitude. Traditional leak detection and repair programs have relied on surveys with handheld detectors at intervals of 2 to 4 times a year to find and fix emissions, however this approach leads to leaks being active for the same interval independently of their magnitude. In addition, manual surveys are labor intensive. Novel methane detection technologies offer opportunities to further reduce emissions by quickly detecting the high-emitters, which account for a disproportionate fraction of total emissions. In this work, combinations of methane detection technologies were simulated in a tiered approach for facilities representative of the Permian Basin, a region with skewed emission rates and large numbers of high-emitters, which include sensors on satellites, aircraft, continuous monitors and Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) cameras, with variations on survey frequency, detection thresholds and repair times. Results show that in oil and gas production regions with skewed emission rates and large numbers of high-emitters, strategies that increase the frequency of surveys targeting high-emitters while decreasing the frequency of OGI inspections, which find the smaller emissions, achieve higher reductions than quarterly OGI and, in some cases, reduce emissions further than monthly OGI.
Thermodynamic, kinetic and dynamic aspects of biogas upgrading using nano-engineered grazynes
Authors: Viñes Solana Francesc , Calzada Escrig Adrià , Gamallo Belmonte Pablo
Published: November 2022

Different nano-engineered grazynes have been studied as possible membranes to separate methane (CH4) from carbon dioxide (CO2) by computational simulations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD). The study focuses on the thermodynamics, kinetics, and dynamical aspects associated to the diffusion rates and selectivities in the context of biogas upgrading. Small adsorption energy values have been obtained for three semi-permeable grazynes, with low diffusion energy barriers below 1 eV and getting lower values as the grazyne pore increases. Selectivity estimates are found to decrease with temperature with [1],[1,2]{0,1}-grazyne obtaining the highest CO2 selectivity over CH4 at room temperature, of ca. 17, while, for the rest of grazynes studied, the selectivity falls below 5. MD simulations reveal that selectivities can be larger, up to 39 at high pressures on [1],[2]{2}-grazyne, closely to the value obtained for [1],[2]{(00),2}-grazyne, suiting grazynes membranes for biogas upgrading.
Synthesis and chiral resolution of a triply twisted Möbius carbon nanobelt
Authors: Fan Wei , Fukunaga Toshiya , Wu Shaofei , Han Yi , Zhou Qifeng , Wang Jinyi , Li Zhengtao , Hou Xudong , Wei Haipeng , Ni Yong , Isobe Hiroyuki , Wu Jishan
Published: November 2022

Atomically precise synthesis of topological molecular carbons such as Möbius carbon nanobelts (MCNBs) represents a big challenge in synthetic organic chemistry as it requires careful control of both twist and strain. So far, only one singly twisted MCNB has been reported and the MCNBs with more than two twists remain unknown. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of the first triply twisted MCNB by rational design and via a synthetic route involving Suzuki coupling-mediated macrocyclization, Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed cyclization of vinyl ethers, followed by oxidative dehydrogenation. The Möbius band-like structure was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis, which also revealed coexistence of (P,P,P)- and (M,M,M)- enantiomers. The racemic isomers were resolved by chiral HPLC and the isolated enantiomers exhibited a large absorption dissymmetry factor (|gabs| = 0.019) according to circular dichroism spectroscopy, which can be explained by the fully conjugated structure and the desirable orientation of the electric and magnetic transition moments.
Ringtail: a Python tool for efficient management and storage of virtual screening results
Authors: Hansel-Harris Althea , Tillack Andreas , Santos-Martins Diogo , Holcomb Matthew , Forli Stefano
Published: November 2022

Virtual screening using molecular docking is now routinely used for the rapid evaluation of very large ligand libraries. As such, it has become an increasingly common approach in early-stage drug discovery. These screenings generate large amounts of data proportional to the size of the compound library used, which must be stored and filtered before visual analysis. As the size of compound libraries which can feasibly be screened grows, so do the challenges in result management and storage. Here we introduce Ringtail, a new Python tool in the AutoDock Suite for efficient storage and analysis of virtual screening data based on portable SQLite databases. Although Ring- tail is designed to work with AutoDock-GPU and AutoDock Vina out-of-the-box, its modular design allows for easy extension to support input file types from other dock- ing software, different storage solutions, and its incorporation into other applications. Ringtail’s SQLite database output can dramatically reduce the required storage by selecting individual poses to store and by taking advantage of the relational database format. We observed disk usage reductions of between 36-46 fold compared to raw AutoDock-GPU DLG output for a 50-pose docking and, and more than 3 times more efficient than achievable by only the reduction of stored poses. Filtering times are also dramatically reduced, requiring minutes to filter millions of ligands. Thus, Ring- tail a tool that can immediately integrate into existing virtual screening pipelines using AutoDock-GPU and Vina, and both scriptable and modifiable to fit specific user needs.
C-Reactive Protein and Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase as Diagnostic Parameters in Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Navi Nagaraj , G Devani Ravindra , D Shinde* Nandkishor , Moinuddin Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Background Acute appendicitis is the most common disease requiring urgent surgical attention. Accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is based on careful history physical examination laboratory and imaging investigation. Hence this study was done to determine the laboratory values of C-reactive protein CRP and serum lactate dehydrogenase LDH in clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis.Methodology This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Surgery for a duration of 18 months from December 2019 to June 2021. All the patients with acute appendicitis attending the OPD of Department of Surgery were included. Demographic data such as age gender residence occupation date of admission history of present illness were noted. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made based on clinical signs and symptoms. Patients were subjected to routine investigations such as CBC RBS blood grouping CRP levels and serum LDH levels USG of abdomen and pelvis.Results Hundred and ten patients with acute appendicitis were included. Age distribution was from 12 years to 52 years. Majority were noted among 12 ndash 22 years constituting 61.82 of the sample with a mean age years plusmn SD of 23.87plusmn6.79 years. MaleFemale ratio was 1.71. The sensitivity and specificity of C-reactive protein was 99.07 and 50 with negative and positive predictive values of 50 and 99.07 respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of serum LDH was 98.04 and 100 with negative and positive predictive values of 80 and 98.18 respectively.Conclusion CRP can lead to precise prediction of severity of acute appendicitis for the treatment. The inflammatory markers i.e. CRP and LDH can be helpful in the diagnosis when measured together as this increases their specificity and positive predictive value.
Endoplasmic reticulum membranes are continuously required to maintain mitotic spindle size and forces
Authors: Araújo Margarida , Tavares Alexandra , Vieira Diana V , Telley Ivo A , Oliveira Raquel A
Published: November 2022

Membrane organelle function, localization, and proper partitioning upon cell division depend on interactions with the cytoskeleton. Whether membrane organelles also impact the function of cytoskeletal elements remains less clear. Here, we show that acute disruption of the ER around spindle poles affects mitotic spindle size and function inDrosophilasyncytial embryos. Acute ER disruption was achieved through the inhibition of ER membrane fusion by the dominant-negative cytoplasmic domain of atlastin. We reveal that when centrosome-proximal ER membranes are disrupted, specifically at metaphase, mitotic spindles become smaller, despite no significant changes in microtubule dynamics. These smaller spindles are still able to mediate sister chromatid separation, yet with decreased velocity. Furthermore, by inducing mitotic exit, we found that nuclear separation and distribution are affected by ER disruption. Our results suggest that ER integrity around spindle poles is crucial for the maintenance of mitotic spindle shape and pulling forces. In addition, ER integrity also ensures nuclear spacing during syncytial divisions.
Genome-wide profiling of histone modifications inPlasmodium falciparumusing CUT&RUN
Authors: Morillo Riward Campelo , Harris Chantal T , Kennedy Kit , Henning Samuel R , Kafsack Björn FC
Published: November 2022

We recently adapted a CUT&RUN protocol for genome-wide profiling of chromatin modifications in the human malaria parasitePlasmodium. Using the step-by-step protocol described below, we were able to generate high-quality profiles of multiple histone modifications using only a small fraction of the cells required for ChIP-seq. Using antibodies against two commonly profiled histone modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K9me3, we show here that CUT&RUN profiling is highly reproducible and closely recapitulates previously published ChIP-seq-based abundance profiles of histone marks. Finally, we show that CUT&RUN requires substantially lower sequencing coverage for accurate profiling compared with ChIP-seq.
The US banks’ balance sheet transmission channel of oil price shocks
Authors: Gelain Paolo , Lorusso Marco
Published: November 2022

We document the existence of a quantitative relevant banks' balance-sheet transmission channel of oil price shocks by estimating a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with banking and oil sectors. The associated amplification mechanism implies that those shocks explain a non-negligible share of US GDP growth fluctuations, up to 17 percent, instead of 6 percent absent the banking sector. Also, they mitigated the severity of the Great Recession’s trough. GDP growth would have been 2.48 percentage points more negative in 2008Q4 without the beneficial effect of low oil prices. The estimate without the banking sector is only 1.30 percentage points.
Mercury signals of groundwater of the Kultuk area during the preparation and implementation of the Baikal-Khubsugul seismic reactivation in 2020–2021
Authors:   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Chebykin E.P. ,   Limnological Institute SB RAS, Ilyasova A.M. ,   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Snopkov S.V. ,   Irkutsk State University, Rasskazov S.V. ,   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS,   Irkutsk State University
Published: November 2022

From 5-year monitoring of groundwater in the Kultuk area, long-period (about 2.5 years) and short-period (months) variations in mercury concentration have been established. Long-period variations are associated with the preparation and implementation of the Baikal-Khubsugul seismic reactivation; short-period ones – directly with earthquakes. Mercury concentrations was low in groundwater in 2015, when seismogenic deformations developed in a state of crustal compression, and generally increased to 2020–2021, when seismogenic deformations occurred under extention. The course of the seismic process was reflected in a successive change in mercury/redox potential rеlationship in groundwater. It is proposed that the anomalous behavior of mercury during seismic activity resulted in increasing its concentration in the sedimentary layers of the second half of the 18th century through the present.
The first expedition to Munku-Sardyk of 2020 and comparative features of the route
Authors:   Institute of geography to them. V.B. Sochavy, SB RAS, Kitov A.D. , Ivanov E.N. ,   Institute of geography to them. V.B. Sochavy, SB RAS, Nogovictin V.N. ,   Institute of geography to them. V.B. Sochavy, SB RAS
Published: November 2022

The target expedition during the last decade of June to read these thermochrons is described, as well as the observation of features in comparison with the same period (the second decade of June) in 2014.
Structural and Petrological Evolution of the Snezhnaya Gabbro-Syenite Massif (Southern Baikal Region)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kovalenko S.N. , Rasskazov S. V. ,   Irkutsk State University,   Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Grudinin M.I. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the structural and petrological evolution of one of the many gabbroid massifs of the Southern Baikal region - Snezhninsky, located near the river of the same name, characterized by the most typical structural and metamorphic paragenesis: comfort with layering of containing rocks, located in a steep twisted wing of asymmetrical folds of latitudinal extension with horizontal hinges and axial planes inclined to the north. the array is complicated by a longitudinal oblique upsurge with a powerful zone of tectonites. The northwestern end of the massif is complicated by the upsurge of the northeastern extension. To a depth, the massif sinks to 4-5 km and there is cut off by another fault of the northwestern extension. The internal structure of the array is characterized by a rather monotonous development of small structural forms: the structures of the magma flow, emphasized by the elongation of flat xenoliths, the asymmetrical folds of the right pattern in the plan, the gradual intertransitions between all varieties of rocks composing the array, indicating a significant warming of all rocks during their formation and assimilation.
Perilaku Overprotektif Orangtua dan Penyesuaian Diri Remaja yang Merantau
Authors: Hetharia Eunike Claudia Pingkan , Huwae Arthur
Published: November 2022

The overprotective behavior of parents tends to make it difficult for teenagers to adjust to their surroundings. This condition also occurs in teenagers who migrate, which if being overprotective from parents causes individuals to have bad thoughts about themselves, have unstable emotions, tend to be aggressive, and have other psychological problems that make it difficult for them to adjust to the surrounding environment. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between the overprotective behavior of parents and the personal adjustment of teenagers who migrate. The method used is quantitative with a correlational design. Data was collected using a google form which was distributed to adolescents aged 15-18 years who were wandering with several participants as many as 85 people using a random sampling technique. The research scale consists of two, namely the overprotective behavior scale of parents (α = 0.869) and the personal adjustment scale (α = 0.703). Based on the product-moment correlation test, the coefficient value is -0.105 with sig. = 0.341 (P > 0.05), which indicates that the overprotective behavior of parents is not related to the personal adjustment of teenagers who migrate. These results imply that the overprotective behavior of parents is not one of the factors related to the personal adjustment of overseas adolescents.

Keywords: Personal adjustment, overprotective behavior of parents, overseas adolescents.