bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of mebeverine in extended-release capsules on intestinal motor function in patients with functional gastrointestinal pathology
Authors: Butov M. A. , Msakni M. , Butova V. M. , Sudakova N. A. , Vornacheva I. Yu. , Karpova L. I.
Published: May 2024

Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of combination therapy for FGID with overlap syndrome – gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) using the PPI omeprazole and the myotropic antispasmodic mebeverine hydrochloride in extended-release capsules (Meberin ML, Micro Labs Limited, India) on clinical manifestations and motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with FGID with overlap syndrome – GERD, FD with gastric hypersecretion and IBS.

Materials and methods. We examined 27 patients with FGID with overlap syndrome of GERD, FD with gastric hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid and IBS.

Results and conclusion. It has been established that combination therapy with these drugs for two weeks in 97 % of cases eliminates the clinical symptoms of the syndromes, improves the quality of life of patients, normalizes intestinal motility and myoelectric activity of the gastrointestinal tract.
Karanlık üçlünün iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerine etkisinde psikolojik sağlamlılığın aracılık rolü
Authors: Serbest Salih , Sökmen Alptekin
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak son yirmi yılda karanlık üçlü (KÜ) olarak popülerlik kazanan üç kişilik özelliğine (yani subklinik narsisizm, subklinik psikopati ve Makyavelizm) kısaca değinilmiştir. Bu özellikler, kişiliğin karanlık yönlerindeki bireysel farklılıkları daha tam olarak yakaladıkları için, Beş Büyük özellik gibi kişilik üzerine yapılan araştırmaları genişletmek için faydalıdır. Kurumsal alanda çalışanların farklılıkların rolünün daha iyi anlaşılması için karanlık üçlünün araştırılması önemlilik arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle ulusal alan yazında karanlık üçlü özellikle kurumsal anlamda araştırılmalıdır. Böylece kişilik özelliklerinin kurumsal belirtilerinin anlaşılmasına katkı sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma COVID-19 salgını döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın evreni Ankara ilinde faaliyet gösteren kamu hastanelerinde görev yapan çalışanlardan meydana gelmektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemi ise Ankara ilinde faaliyet gösteren kamu hastanelerinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarından meydana gelmektedir. Çalışmada ilişkisel ve kesitsel saptama metotlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, anket metodu tatbik edilmiştir. Çalışmada data toplama araçları örneklem içinde yer alan çalışanlara kolayda örnekleme metoduyla erişilen online yöntem ile elden anket dağıtma olarak tatbik edilmiştir. Toplam katılımcı adedi 440 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. KÜ’nün iş tatmini (İŞT) üzerinde anlamlı ancak negatif bir tesirinin var olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. KÜ’nün işten ayrılma niyeti (İAN) üzerinde ise, pozitif ve anlamlı bir tesiri bulunmaktadır. Ancak KÜ’nün PS üzerinde anlamlı bir tesiri saptanamamıştır. KÜ ile İŞT ve KÜ ile İAN arasındaki ilişkilerde PS’nin aracı tesiri bulunmamaktadır.
Madueño Álvarez, Miguel: El falangismo en la España actual (1977-2020) historia de una escisión continua. Ediciones Sílex, 2021. 436 págs
Authors: Sánchez González Teresa
Published: May 2024

Miguel Madueño en El falangismo en la España actual (1977-2020) Historia de una escisión continua presenta una obra oportuna y necesaria. Un análisis profundo y certero que hace hincapié en abordar una ideología particular y, en ocasiones, difícil de clasificar, que siempre se ha analizado dentro de la extrema derecha y nunca de una manera independiente. Un repaso por su historia, por los hechos más determinantes y las características que la conforman para brindar al lector experimentado la oportunidad de seguir conociendo más sobre ella, a la vez que invita a un lector neófito en este tema a acercarse a ella.
A novel strategy model approach for the Bridgestone World Solar Challenge
Authors: Budd Jeremy , Enguica Ricardo , Kim Yitaek , Koellermeier Julian , van Mourik Simon , Sarkar Arijit , Soares Filipa , Thomsen Nele
Published: May 2024

This project considers the derivation of strategies for a solar car race through Australia, posed by TopDutch Solar Racing. The task is to optimize the arrival time of an electric car powered by solar energy by changing the velocity along the track taking into account the characteristics of the car, external influences such as wind and sun, as well as constraints like the maximal and minimal battery charge. To address this challenge, the problem is modeled and four different optimization strategies are devised, focusing on different time horizons and methods. We explain a data-based long-term strategy, an optimisation-based long-term strategy, a dynamic programming long-term strategy, and an optimization-based short-term strategy. While successful short-term strategies require more work, the long-term strategies give realistic results and are powerful tools to increase the winning chance for the team. We outline several possibilities to improve the models based on additional data, modeling and methods.
Análisis estructural de la vegetación arbórea en la finca “El Despeño” de la Comunidad Balsa Tumbada Adentro, Junín, Manabí, Ecuador
Authors:   Investigador independiente, Bravo Paredes Diana Carolina , Ganchozo Quimis Máximo Terencio ,   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Mero Jalca Otto Francisco ,   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Pinargote Choez Jesús de los Santos ,   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Cabrera Verdesoto César Alberto ,   Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí
Published: May 2024

La estructura de la vegetación arbórea de una finca es de gran viabilidad económica para el agricultor permitiendo evaluar el desgaste de sus recursos, integrando así en sus sistemas de producción especies arbóreas forestales y frutales, donde existe insuficiente conocimientos de su dinámica y procesos ecológicos de diversidad, es por ello que se realizó como objetivo un análisis estructural de la vegetación arbórea en la finca “El Despeño” de la comunidad Balsa Tumbada Adentro, cantón Junín, para lo cual se establecieron 13 parcelas de 20 m x 25 m con un área de 500 m2 cada una, en una población de 32,09 hectáreas del bosque seco, para definir la identificación de las especies forestales a través de un inventario y la medición de variables dasométricas (Dap y altura total), y la valoración de índices de importancia ecológica, Shannon -Weaver, Simpson y riqueza de Margalef. La curva de la validación del muestreo evidenció que el número total de parcelas fue adecuado para representar la vegetación de la finca. Se encontraron 22 especies pertenecientes a 10 familias botánicas y un total de 409 individuos. Por otro lado, la familia Fabaceae fue la más abundante con seis especies. Cedrela odorata L. se destacó por su mayor abundancia, frecuencia y notable importancia ecológica, mientras que Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. exhibió una mayor dominancia en la zona, con una diversidad biológica para Shannon - Weaver alta, dominancia de Simpson alta y riqueza de Margalef media.
Analisis Kecelakaan Pekerjaan Lifting dengan Overhead Crane Menggunakan Metode ECFA, Fishbone, dan Pareto Analysis
Authors: Kurniawan Wildan Rifqi , Anindita Galih , Dhani Mey Rohma
Published: May 2024

Sektor fabrikasi baja merupakan perusahaan yang memiliki tingkat risiko yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan. Berdasarkan data kecelakaan perusahaan diketahui terdapat kecelakaan lifting dengan overheadcrane memiliki angka kecelakaan tertinggi dalam 3 tahun terakhir. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan analisis kecelakaan pada pekerjaan lifting guna meminimalisir terjadinya kecelakaan serupa di kemudian hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Event and Causal Factor Analysis untuk menentukan faktor-faktor dengan mengidentifikasi peristiwa terjadinya suatu kecelakaan. Setelah dilakukan analisis dengan metode ECFA selanjutnya menggunakan metode fishbone guna mendapatkan hasil ketegori penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan. Setelah mendapatkan hasil dari kategori yang terdapat pada diagram fishbone selanjutnya memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan yang sesuai berdasarkan metode pareto analysis. Hasil analisismenggunakan metode ECFA yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan ECFA chart beserta kronologi terjadinya kecelakaan. SelanjutnyadidapatkankategoripenyebabterjadinyakecelakaanberdasarkanmetodeFishbone yaitukategorimanusia, manajemen dan metode. SetelahdilakukananalisismenggunakanmetodePareto Analysis didapatkanhasilbahwapenyebabkecelakaansebagianbesardisebabkan oleh kategorimanusia, sehinggaharusdiprioritaskanuntukdilakukanperbaikan. Rekomendasiperbaikan yang diberikanadalahmemberikanpelatihan operator overhead crane terhadappekerja yang mengoperasikan overhead crane, melakukan tools box meeting sebelummelakukanpekerjaan lifting dengan overhead crane, sertapengelasandilakukan oleh pekerja yang bersertifikat.
Quorum-quenching enzyme Est816 assisted antibiotics against periodontitis induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in rats
Authors: Wang Junmin , Ju Tianjuan , Guo Lifeng , Shan Wenwen , Wu Qianxia , Zhang Haichuan , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Quorum-quenching enzyme Est816 hydrolyzes the lactone rings of N-acyl homoserine lactones, effectively blocking the biofilm formation and development of Gram-negative bacteria. However, its applications in the oral field is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of enzyme Est816 in combination with antibiotics against periodontitis induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

The antimicrobial efficacy of enzyme Est816 in combination with minocycline, metronidazole, and amoxicillin was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration test. The anti-biofilm effect of enzyme Est816 was assessed using scanning electron microscopy, live/dead bacterial staining, crystal violet staining, and real-time quantitative PCR. Biocompatibility of enzyme Est816 was assessed in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) by staining. A rat model of periodontitis was established to evaluate the effect of enzyme Est816 combined with minocycline using micro-computed tomography and histological staining.

Results

Compared to minocycline, metronidazole, and amoxicillin treatment alone, simultaneous treatment with enzyme Est816 increased the sensitivity of biofilm bacteria to antibiotics. Enzyme Est816 with minocycline exhibited the highest rate of biofilm clearance and high biocompatibility. Moreover, the combination of enzyme Est816 with antibiotics improved the antibiofilm effects of the antibiotics synergistically, reducing the expression of the virulence factor leukotoxin gene (ltxA) and fimbria-associated gene (rcpA). Likewise, the combination of enzyme Est816 with minocycline exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on bone resorption and inflammation damage in a rat model of periodontitis.

Discussion

The combination of enzyme Est816 with antibiotics represents a prospective anti-biofilm strategy with the potential to treat periodontitis.
Transcriptional regulation of TacL-mediated lipoteichoic acids biosynthesis by ComE during competence impacts pneumococcal transformation
Authors: Yao Miao , Wang Kun , Song Guangming , Hu Yumeng , Chen Jiali , Li Tingting , Liang Longying , Wu Jie , Xu Hongmei , Wang Libin , Zheng Yuqiang , Zhang Xuemei , Yin Yibing , Yao Shifei , Wu Kaifeng
Published: May 2024

Competence development is essential for bacterial transformation since it enables bacteria to take up free DNA from the surrounding environment. The regulation of teichoic acid biosynthesis is tightly controlled during pneumococcal competence; however, the mechanism governing this regulation and its impact on transformation remains poorly understood. We demonstrated that a defect in lipoteichoic acid ligase (TacL)-mediated lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) biosynthesis was associated with impaired pneumococcal transformation. Using a fragment of tacL regulatory probe as bait in a DNA pulldown assay, we successfully identified several regulatory proteins, including ComE. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that phosphomimetic ComE, but not wild-type ComE, exhibited specific binding to the probe. DNase I footprinting assays revealed the specific binding sequences encompassing around 30 base pairs located 31 base pairs upstream from the start codon of tacL. Expression of tacL was found to be upregulated in the ΔcomE strain, and the addition of exogenous competence-stimulating peptide repressed the tacL transcription in the wild-type strain but not the ΔcomE mutant, indicating that ComE exerted a negative regulatory effect on the transcription of tacL. Mutation in the JH2 region of tacL upstream regulatory sequence led to increased LTAs abundance and displayed higher transformation efficiency. Collectively, our work identified the regulatory mechanisms that control LTAs biosynthesis during competence and thereby unveiled a repression mechanism underlying pneumococcal transformation.
Robust optimal power flow considering uncertainty in wind power probability distribution
Authors: Dai Leisi , Xiao Huangqing , Yang Ping
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes an optimal power flow model that takes into account the uncertainty in the probability distribution of wind power. The model can schedule controllable generators under any possible distribution of wind power to ensure the safe and economic operation of the system. Firstly, considering the incompleteness of historical wind power data, the paper models the uncertainty of wind power using second-order moments of probability distribution and their fluctuation intervals. Subsequently, a robust optimal power flow model based on probability distribution model and joint chance constraints is established. The Lagrangian duality theorem is then employed to eliminate random variables from the optimization model, transforming the uncertainty model into a deterministic linear matrix inequality problem. Finally, a convex optimization algorithm is used to solve the deterministic problem, and the results are compared with traditional chance-constrained optimal power flow model. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated through case study simulations.
Stingless bee foragers experience more thermally stressful microclimates and have wider thermal tolerance breadths than other worker subcastes
Authors: Robinson Kristin M. , Baudier Kaitlin M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The current state of anthropogenic climate change is particularly concerning for tropical insects, species predicted to be the most negatively affected. Researching climatic tolerance in social insects is challenging because adaptations exist at both individual and societal levels. Division of labor research helps to bridge the gap between our understanding of these adaptations at different scales, which is important because social insects comprise a tremendous portion of global animal biomass, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Considering how individual physiologies construct group-level adaptations can improve climate change impact assessments for social species. Tetragonisca angustula is a neotropical stingless bee species that exhibits high worker subcaste specialization with a morphologically distinct soldier caste.

Methods

We used this species to investigate 1) whether age- and size-differentiated subcastes differ in thermal tolerance, 2) which worker subcaste operates closest to their thermal limits, and 3) the extent to which this species selects active foraging times to offset thermal stress. We measured the thermal tolerance (CTmax and CTmin) of small-bodied foragers and two soldier subcastes (hovering guards and standing guards) in T. angustula.

Results and discussion

Despite body size differences between foragers and guards, no differences in the upper or lower thermal limits were observed. However, the average thermal tolerance breadth of foragers was significantly larger than that of guards, and foraging sites were more thermally variable than nest sites, supporting the Climatic Variability Hypothesis at a microclimate scale and in the context of division of labor. Warming tolerance was significantly lower among small-bodied foragers compared to hovering and standing guards. The magnitude of warming tolerances indicated low risk of imminent climate change impacts in this environment but suggests that increasing temperatures and heatwave prevalence may cause foragers to meet their upper thermal limits before other subcastes. Foraging occurred at a narrower range of temperatures than would challenge critical temperatures, with higher morning activity. Directionally increasing temperatures will likely confine these preferred foraging temperatures to a narrower time window. Further study is needed to elucidate how foragers may shift times of activity in response to anthropogenic warming, but changing climates may impact plant pollination rates in natural and agricultural systems.
Comparison of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy for locally resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Guozhen , Yue Haodong , Zhang Xiaomin , Zeng Chufeng , Tan Linyu , Zhang Xu
Published: May 2024

Background

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus immunotherapy (nCT + ICIs) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy (nCRT + ICIs) both induced favorable pathological response and tolerant toxicities for locally resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, few studies compared safety and efficacy between the two treatment strategies.

Methods

This retrospective study collected clinical data of locally resectable ESCC patients who underwent nCT + ICIs or nCRT + ICIs followed by esophagectomy from November 2019 to December 2022. The incidence of adverse events, surgical outcomes, short and long-term efficacy, and treatment costs were compared.

Results

A total of 206 patients were included, with a ratio of 158:48 between nCT + ICIs group and nCRT + ICIs group. The two groups exhibited well-balanced baseline characteristics. Most adverse events were grade 1-2 in both groups. The nCT + ICIs group had a longer operative time (334.00 ± 170.2 min vs 279.60 ± 88.31 min, P=0.020) than nCRT + ICIs group, but there were no differences in surgical complications. Although nCT + ICIs group had a lower pCR rate (32.3% vs 52.1%, P=0.004), the 2-year overall survival (84.42% vs 81.70%, P=0.860), 2-year disease-free survival (83.21% vs 80.47%, P=0.839), and recurrence patterns were similar to nCRT + ICIs group. In addition, nCT + ICIs group had significantly lower expenses (188796.00 ± 107704.00 RMB vs 231808.00 ± 48067.00 RMB, P=0.045).

Conclusion

Overall, nCT + ICIs have comparable safety and efficacy compared to nCRT + ICIs for locally resectable ESCC, but with lower hospitalization costs.
Causality of Helicobacter pylori infection on eosinophilic esophagitis and potential pathogenesis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Zhenghui , Yang Yanqing , Han Xu , Peng Lei , Zhu Hong
Published: May 2024

Background

Observational studies have indicated a possible connection between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but their causal relationship has yet to be established. To investigate the causal associations between H. pylori infection and EoE, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

Firstly, we conducted both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Furthermore, a two-step MR was carried out to ascertain the potential underlying pathways of these associations, particularly the involvement of inflammatory cytokines. We employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the main analysis in our MR study. To enhance the credibility of the results, we also conducted several sensitivity analyses.

Results

Our study demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between genetically predicted anti-H. pylori IgG antibody levels and a reduced risk of EoE (OR=0.325, 95% CI=0.165–0.643, P value=0.004, adj p value=0.009). No significant causal associations were detected between other H. pylori antibodies and EoE in our study. When it comes to multivariable MR analysis controlling for education attainment, household income, and deprivation individually, the independent causal impact of anti-H. pylori IgG on EoE persisted. Surprisingly, the two-step MR analysis indicated that inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) did not appear to mediate the protective effect of H. pylori infection against EoE.

Conclusion

Findings suggested that among the range of H. pylori-related antibodies, anti-H. pylori IgG antibody is the sole causal factor associated with protection against EoE. Certain inflammatory factors may not be involved in mediating this association. These findings make a significant contribution to advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis of EoE and its evolving etiology.
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of hematopoietic progenitor cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus reveals interferon-inducible reprogramming in early progenitors
Authors: Filia Anastasia , Mitroulis Ioannis , Loukogiannaki Catherine , Grigoriou Maria , Banos Aggelos , Sentis George , Giannouli Stavroula , Karali Vassiliki , Athanasiadis Emmanouil , Kokkinopoulos Ioannis , Boumpas Dimitrios T.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Immune cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) derive from adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) within the bone marrow (BM). For this reason, we reasoned that fundamental abnormalities in SLE can be traced to a BM-derived HSPC inflammatory signature.

Methods

BM samples from four SLE patients, six healthy controls, and two umbilical cord blood (CB) samples were used. CD34+ cells were isolated from BM and CB samples, and single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed.

Results

A total of 426 cells and 24,473 genes were used in the analysis. Clustering analysis resulted in seven distinct clusters of cell types. Mutually exclusive markers, which were characteristic of each cell type, were identified. We identified three HSPC subpopulations, one of which consisted of proliferating cells (MKI67 expressing cells), one T-like, one B-like, and two myeloid-like progenitor subpopulations. Differential expression analysis revealed i) cell cycle-associated signatures, in healthy BM of HSPC clusters 3 and 4 when compared with CB, and ii) interferon (IFN) signatures in SLE BM of HSPC clusters 3 and 4 and myeloid-like progenitor cluster 5 when compared with healthy controls. The IFN signature in SLE appeared to be deregulated following TF regulatory network analysis and differential alternative splicing analysis between SLE and healthy controls in HSPC subpopulations.

Discussion

This study revealed both quantitative—as evidenced by decreased numbers of non-proliferating early progenitors—and qualitative differences—characterized by an IFN signature in SLE, which is known to drive loss of function and depletion of HSPCs. Chronic IFN exposure affects early hematopoietic progenitors in SLE, which may account for the immune aberrancies and the cytopenias in SLE.
Exploring the relationship between HCMV serostatus and outcomes in COVID-19 sepsis
Authors: Ziehe Dominik , Wolf Alexander , Rahmel Tim , Nowak Hartmuth , Haberl Helge , Bergmann Lars , Rump Katharina , Dyck Birte , Palmowski Lars , Marko Britta , Witowski Andrea , Willemsen Katrin Maria , Pfaender Stephanie , Eisenacher Martin , Anft Moritz , Babel Nina , Bracht Thilo , Sitek Barbara , Bayer Malte , Zarbock Alexander , von Groote Thilo , Putensen Christian , Ehrentraut Stefan Felix , Weisheit Christina , Adamzik Michael , Unterberg Matthias , Koos Björn
Published: May 2024

Background

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by the dysregulated host response to infection, is a major global health concern. Understanding the impact of viral or bacterial pathogens in sepsis is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) seropositivity as a risk factor for development of sepsis in patients with COVID-19.

Methods

A multicenter observational study enrolled 95 intensive care patients with COVID-19-induced sepsis and 80 post-surgery individuals as controls. HCMV serostatus was determined using an ELISA test. Comprehensive clinical data, including demographics, comorbidities, and 30-day mortality, were collected. Statistical analyses evaluated the association between HCMV seropositivity and COVID-19 induced sepsis.

Results

The prevalence of HCMV seropositivity did not significantly differ between COVID-19-induced sepsis patients (78%) and controls (71%, p = 0.382) in the entire cohort. However, among patients aged ≤60 years, HCMV seropositivity was significantly higher in COVID-19 sepsis patients compared to controls (86% vs 61%, respectively; p = 0.030). Nevertheless, HCMV serostatus did not affect 30-day survival.

Discussion

These findings confirm the association between HCMV seropositivity and COVID-19 sepsis in non-geriatric patients. However, the lack of an independent effect on 30-day survival can be explained by the cross-reactivity of HCMV specific CD8+ T-cells towards SARS-CoV-2 peptides, which might confer some protection to HCMV seropositive patients. The inclusion of a post-surgery control group strengthens the generalizability of the findings. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association, explore different patient populations, and identify interventions for optimizing patient management.

Conclusion

This study validates the association between HCMV seropositivity and severe COVID-19-induced sepsis in non-geriatric patients, contributing to the growing body of evidence on viral pathogens in sepsis. Although HCMV serostatus did not independently influence 30-day survival, future investigations should focus on unraveling the intricate interplay between HCMV, immune responses, and COVID-19. These insights will aid in risk stratification and the development of targeted interventions for viral sepsis.
Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy
Authors: Li Kun , Nie Hongyan , Jin Runming , Wu Xiaoyan
Published: May 2024

As major components of the tumor microenvironment, both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages can be remodelled and exhibit different phenotypes and functions during tumor initiation and progression. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the growth, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of hematological malignancies, and are associated with poor prognosis. Consequently, TAMs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets. Notably, MSCs exert a profound influence on modulating immune cell functions such as macrophages and granulocytes, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment surrounding tumors. However, in hematological malignancies, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between MSCs and macrophages have not been clearly elucidated. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of TAMs in various common hematological malignancies, and discuss the latest advances in understanding the interaction between MSCs and macrophages in disease progression. Additionally, potential therapeutic approaches targeting this relationship are outlined.
Outpatient administration of CAR T-cell therapy: a focused review with recommendations for implementation in community based centers
Authors: Perez Ariel , Al Sagheer Tiba , Nahas George R. , Linhares Yuliya P. L.
Published: May 2024

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has transformed the treatment landscape for hematological malignancies, showing high efficacy in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease and otherwise poor prognosis in the pre-CAR-T era. These therapies have been usually administered in the inpatient setting due to the risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). However, there is a growing interest in the transition to outpatient administration due to multiple reasons. We review available evidence regarding safety and feasibility of outpatient administration of CD19 targeted and BCMA targeted CAR T-cell therapy with an emphasis on the implementation of outpatient CAR-T programs in community-based centers.
Above and below-ground bacterial communities shift in seagrass beds with warmer temperatures
Authors: Walker Luke DA. , Gribben Paul E. , Glasby Tim M. , Marzinelli Ezequiel M. , Varkey Deepa R. , Dafforn Katherine A.
Published: May 2024

Current rates of ocean warming are predicted to exacerbate ongoing declines in seagrass populations. Above-ground responses of seagrass to increasing temperatures have been studied from a direct physiological perspective while indirect effects, including changes to microbially-mediated below-ground processes, remain poorly understood. To test potential effects of increased temperature on seagrass growth and associated microbial communities, we sampled seagrass beds experiencing ambient and elevated water temperatures at Lake Macquarie, Australia. Sites with warmer water were associated with a plume from a power station discharge channel with temperatures analogous to conditions predicted by 2100 under current rates of ocean warming (+3°C). The microbial community composition in both sediments and leaf tissues varied significantly between warm and ambient water temperatures with higher relative abundances of putative sulphate-reducing bacteria such as Desulfocapsaceae, Desulfobulbaceae and Desulfosarcinaceae in sedimentary communities in warm water. Above-ground biomass and seagrass growth rates were greater at warm sites while below-ground biomass and detrital decomposition rates showed no difference suggesting potential buffering of temperature effects below-ground. These findings suggest a 3°C rise in temperate regions is unlikely to induce mortality in seagrass however, it may shift microbial communities towards more homogenous structure and composition.
Nutrient comparisons among the noble scallops Chlamys nobilis with three different shell colours to provide advices for consumers to choose high-quality food
Authors: He Cheng , Ye Ting , Zeng Junxi , Zhang Hongkuan , Sun Yizhou , Zhang Chuanxu , He Xianqing , Qiu Jiale , Zheng Huaiping
Published: May 2024

Introduction

In aquatic animals, colors not only reflect their sensory qualities but also affect their nutritional components and market price. Noble scallop Chlamys nobilis is an importantly economical bivalve cultured in the south sea of China and renowned for its various shell colors.

Methods

In this study, the nutrient compositions were compared among golden, yellow, and brown shell colour noble scallops originating from the same population for breeding new varieties.

Results

Among three colour scallops, there is no significant difference in the content of moisture, ash, and total protein content (TPC) but significant differences in total carotenoid content (TCC), total lipid content (TLC), and amino acids (AAs) (P < 0.05), with the TCC of the brown scallop being about 2 times lower. The yellow scallop contained the same nutrients as TCC, TLC, ∑PUFAs (including EPA and DHA), and n-3/n-6 as the golden scallop, and both were significantly higher than the brown scallop (P < 0.05), but they had significantly lower ∑SFAs than the latter (P < 0.05). The correlation between the nutrient indices and the shell color of scallops was 67.5%. There is a significantly positive correlation between TCC and ∑PUFAs (P < 0.05), while a significantly negative correlation exists between TCC and ∑SFAs (P < 0.05). More importantly, the yellow scallop had significantly higher EAAs and FAAs than the golden scallop (P < 0.05).

Discussion

This study showed that the yellow noble scallop not only enriched in carotenoids and PUFAs but also enriched in amino acids. Therefore, the yellow scallop is more benefit to human health, which can provide high-quality food for customers.
Development and internal validation of a nomogram to predict temporary acute agitated delirium after surgery for chronic subdural hematoma in elderly patients: an analysis of the clinical database
Authors: Wang Peng , Yang Shasha , Zheng Jianqiao , Lu Jinjiang , Li Nan , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2024

Background

This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting temporary acute agitated delirium after surgery in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) without neurological compromise and hospitalized in the neurosurgery.

Methods

We included 289 patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) from the medical information system of Yuebei People’s Hospital of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, and collected 16 clinical indicators within 24 h of admission. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to identify risk factors. We established a multivariate logistic regression model and constructed a nomogram. We performed internal validation by 1,000 bootstrap samples; we plotted a receiver operating curve (ROC) and calculated the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. We also evaluated the calibration of our model by the calibration curve and the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (HL test). We performed a decision curve analysis (DCA) and a clinical impact curve (CIC) to assess the net clinical benefit of our model.

Results

The nomogram included alcoholism history, hepatic insufficiency, verbal rating scale for postoperative pain (VRS), pre-hospital modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and preoperative hematoma thickness as predictors. Our model showed satisfactory diagnostic performance with an AUC value of 0.8474 in the validation set. The calibration curve and the HL test showed good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes (p = 0.9288). The DCA and CIC showed that our model had a high predictive ability for the occurrence of postoperative delirium in patients with CSDH.

Conclusion

We identified alcoholism, liver dysfunction, pre-hospital mRS, preoperative hematoma thickness, and postoperative VRS pain as predictors of postoperative delirium in chronic subdural hematoma patients. We developed and validated a multivariate logistic regression model and a nomogram.
Microbes for lung cancer detection: feasibility and limitations
Authors: Zhou Sirui , Zhu Weijian , Guo Hehua , Nie Yalan , Sun Jiazheng , Liu Ping , Zeng Yulan
Published: May 2024

As the second most common cancer in the world, the development of lung cancer is closely related to factors such as heredity, environmental exposure, and lung microenvironment, etc. Early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer can be helpful for the treatment of patients. Currently, CT screening and histopathologic biopsy are widely used in the clinical detection of lung cancer, but they have many disadvantages such as false positives and invasive operations. Microbes are another genome of the human body, which has recently been shown to be closely related to chronic inflammatory, metabolic processes in the host. At the same time, they are important players in cancer development, progression, treatment, and prognosis. The use of microbes for cancer therapy has been extensively studied, however, the diagnostic role of microbes is still unclear. This review aims to summarize recent research on using microbes for lung cancer detection and present the current shortcomings of microbes in collection and detection. Finally, it also looks ahead to the clinical benefits that may accrue to patients in the future about screening and early detection.
Human papillomavirus circulating tumor DNA assays as a mechanism for head and neck cancer equity in rural regions of the United States
Authors: Windon Melina , Haring Catherine
Published: May 2024

The rates of human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-OPC) are rising worldwide and in the United States, particularly in rural regions including Appalachia. Rural areas face unique health challenges resulting in higher cancer incidence and mortality rates, and this includes HPV-OPC. The recent advent of highly sensitive liquid biopsies for the non-invasive detection of HPV-OPC recurrence (circulating tumor HPV DNA, HPV ctDNA) has been swiftly adopted as part of surveillance paradigms. Though knowledge gaps persist regarding its use and clinical trials are ongoing, the ease of collection and cost-effectiveness of HPV ctDNA make it more accessible for HPV-OPC survivors than usual surveillance methods of frequent exams and imaging. Herein, we discuss how implementing HPV ctDNA assays in rural regions of the United States provide one poignant example of how liquid biopsies can improve cancer care equity.
Construction and validation of an innovative prognostic nomogram for overall survival in cervical cancer patients with lung metastasis: an analysis utilizing the SEER database
Authors: Chang Linlin , Zhao Kangkang
Published: May 2024

Purpose

To facilitate patient consultation and assist in clinical decision-making, we developed a predictive model to analyze the overall survival (OS) rate of cervical cancer patients with concurrent lung metastasis for 6 months, 1 year, or 2 years.

Methods

We extracted data on patients diagnosed with cervical cancer and concurrent lung metastasis between 2010 and 2020 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Through a random assignment process, these patients were allocated to either a training cohort or a validation cohort, maintaining a 7:3 ratio. Utilizing both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we determined the independent prognostic factors influencing OS. To enhance predictive accuracy, we developed a nomogram model incorporating these identified independent prognostic variables. Model effectiveness was subsequently assessed using various metrics, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

We gathered data on 1330 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer with lung metastases. An OS nomogram was developed, accounting for factors such as histological type, presence of metastases in other organs (brain, liver), surgical interventions, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The ROC curves, calibration plots, and DCA curves demonstrated the commendable predictive performance of the nomogram in assessing the prognosis of cervical cancer patients with lung metastases in both the training and validation cohorts.

Conclusion

By utilizing clinical data from the SEER database, we have effectively devised a nomogram capable of predicting the 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year survival rates of cervical cancer patients with lung metastases. The nomogram boasts high accuracy, offering precise prognostic predictions. Its implementation can guide the formulation of individualized follow-up and treatment plans for enhanced patient care.
Difference in Cd accumulation among varieties with different growth duration corresponding to typical agro-climate condition in rice ratooning system
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Jiang Yanfang , Chen Pingping , Tu Naimei , Zhou Wenxin , Yi Zhenxie
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The ratoon rice planting area is gradually expanding, but there has been relatively little research on ratoon rice grains contaminated with Cd.

Methods

In this study, five ratoon rice varieties were selected and divided into three groups according to early-maturity (growth duration: 100–110 days), mid-maturity (growth duration: 110–120 days) and late-maturity (growth duration: 120–130 days) varieties. Field experiments were done to study the differences in Cd accumulation among ratoon rice varieties with different growth duration.

Results

The results showed that the Cd accumulation and concentration of grains spikelet at each growth stage in the main crop were in the order of late-maturity > mid-maturity > early-maturity varieties. However, the trends in Cd concentration and accumulation in grains spikelet during the ratoon crop were the opposite. Analysis found that as the growth duration of the variety extended, the accumulated temperature and daily average temperature in the main crop increased, which significantly increased the translocation factors of Cd from root, stem, and leaf to grains spikelet, and increased the daily average Cd accumulation rate in grains spikelet. The daily average temperature in the ratoon crop increased as the growth duration shortened. The early-maturity variety had higher Cd accumulation in stubble, which promoted the translocation of Cd from the root, stem, and leaf of the plant to the grains spikelet.

Discussion

Therefore, appropriately shortening the growth duration of the main crop and extending the growth duration of the ratoon crop are important ways to reduce Cd accumulation in ratoon rice in areas with mild Cd pollution.
Identification and functional analysis of the DOF gene family in Populus simonii: implications for development and stress response
Authors: Cai Kewei , Xie Xiaoyu , Han Lu , Chen Junbo , Zhang Jinwang , Yuan Hongtao , Shen Jiajia , Ren Yishuang , Zhao Xiyang
Published: May 2024

Background

Populus simonii, a notable native tree species in northern China, demonstrates impressive resistance to stress, broad adaptability, and exceptional hybridization potential. DOF family is a class of specific transcription factors that only exist in plants, widely participating in plant growth and development, and also playing an important role in abiotic stress response. To date, there have been no reported studies on the DOF gene family in P. simonii, and the expression levels of this gene family in different tissues of poplar, as well as its expression patterns under cold, heat, and other stress conditions, remain unclear.

Methods

In this study, DOF gene family were identified from the P. simonii genome, and various bioinformatics data on the DOF gene family, gene structure, gene distribution, promoters and regulatory networks were analyzed. Quantitative real time PCR technology was used to verify the expression patterns of the DOF gene family in different poplar tissues.

Results

This research initially pinpointed 41 PSDOF genes in P. simonii genome. The chromosomal localization results revealed that the PSDOF genes is unevenly distributed among 19 chromosomes, with the highest number of genes located on chromosomes 4, 5, and 11. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the homology between Arabidopsis thaliana and P. simonii, dividing the 41 PSDOF genes into seven subgroups. The expression patterns of PSDOF genes indicated that specific genes are consistently upregulated in various tissues and under different stress conditions, suggesting their pivotal involvement in both plant development and response to stress. Notably, PSDOF35 and PSDOF28 serve as pivotal hubs in the interaction network, playing a unique role in coordinating with other genes within the family.

Conclusion

The analysis enhances our comprehension of the functions of the DOF gene family in tissue development and stress responses within P. simonii. These findings provide a foundation for future exploration into the biological roles of DOF gene family.
Associations between parental autonomy support and depressive symptoms among Chinese college students: the chain-mediating effects of mindfulness and self-esteem
Authors: Tan Ping , Wang Ruijie , Long Tingli , Wang Yaxin , Ma Chunhua , Ma Yongfeng
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Despite extensive research on contextual factors will relieve college students’ depressive symptoms, significant gaps remain in understanding the underlying mechanisms of this relationship, particularly through individual strength factors such as mindfulness and self-esteem. Based on self-determination theory, we explore the association between parental autonomy support and depressive symptoms among Chinese college students and whether mindfulness and self-esteem serve as mediators.

Methods

A total of 1,182 Chinese college students aged 16 to 27 years (Mage = 20.33, SD = 1.63; female = 55.7%) participated in this research. Questionnaires pertaining to parental autonomy support, mindfulness, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms were administered.

Results

The results revealed that depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with both paternal and maternal autonomy support, with mindfulness and self-esteem acting as chain-mediators. Specifically, mindfulness and self-esteem were positively impacted by parental autonomy support, whereas depressive symptoms were negatively impacted by mindfulness and self-esteem. Furthermore, paternal and maternal autonomy support significantly impacted depressive symptoms via both direct and indirect pathways. Indirect effects included three paths: mediation through mindfulness, mediation through self-esteem, and mediation through the mindfulness and self-esteem chain.

Discussion

The study highlights the fundamental mechanisms that account for the association between Chinese college students’ parental autonomy support and depressive symptoms, these insights can be used to prevent and manage mental health problems among Chinese college students. For example, parents’ autonomy support can directly reduce depressive symptoms, but we can also indirectly promote college students’ mental health by emphasizing the mediation role of students’ mindfulness and self-esteem.
Exploring the push-pull factors influencing parenting efficacy of fathers of children with ASD: a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Zhu Linli , Ge Xinbin , Huang Weijun , Shao Leyi , Ma Xiaolan
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the core factors and configurations influencing parenting efficacy for fathers of children with ASD in Western China by using a configuration analysis.

Background

Understanding the push-pull factors related to parenting efficacy for fathers raising children with ASD can support the fathers of children with ASD to participate in education affairs and improve the quality of family education, which is of significant importance to both individuals and society. This study recruited 156 fathers of children with ASD from China.

Results

The results suggested that there was more than one (sub) configuration for achieving a high level of parenting efficacy among fathers of children with ASD. (b) The configurations could be summarized into three main types as follows: “working within the system*flexible working time,” “high level of education*high level of other support,” and “severe disability*fewer interaction with wife.” (c) The two variables, “family income” and “community support,” were not as important as they were shown in previous studies, and their effects often depended on how they interact with other variables.

Conclusions

Findings highlighted the validity of deploying configuration analysis (based on the ecosystem theory) to establish the relationship between independent variables and the parenting efficacy of fathers of children with ASD. The discovery of more than one configuration led to a new consensus on how multiple factors influence parenting efficacy. Implications were suggested for practitioners, policymakers, and future research alike.