bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la codeleción 1p19q como marcador pronóstico en pacientes con glioblastoma primario.
Authors: Cardona Andrés Felipe , Ortiz León Darío , Becerra Henry , Jiménez Hakim Enrique , Hakim Fernando , Mejía Juan Armando , Bermúdez Sonia , Useche Nicolás , Restrepo Carlos Emilio , Serrano Silvia , Carranza Hernán , Vargas Carlos , Otero Jorge Miguel , Muñoz Álvaro , Archila Pilar , Ricaurte Orlando , Reveiz Ludovic , Rodríguez July Katherine , Acevedo Andrés , Peña Germán , Torres Diana
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La deleción de los cromosomas 1p y/o 19q se ha relacionado con el pronóstico y la quimiosensibilidad en pacientes con oligodendrogliomas anaplásicos y glioblastomas (GB) secundarios. No obstante, el pronóstico de estas alteraciones en Colombia es desconocida. Materiales y métodos: Presentar un análisis detallado de la supervivencia libre de progresión (SLP) y global (SG) de 38 pacientes con GB primario en quienes se realizó un estudio exploratorio sobre el impacto de las traslocaciones 1p/19q evaluadas por reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: La media para la edad fue de 60 años (DE ± 1) y la distribución por sexo fue homogénea (19 hombres y 19 mujeres). La mediana de SG según el estado del 1p y del 19q fue: 1p(+) (n = 10) 23.6 meses (rango 10.8-36.4)/1p(-) (n = 28) 15.8 meses (2.6-9.0) (p = 0.04) y 19q(+) (n = 12) 7.6 meses (4.4-10.7)/19q(-) (n = 26) 10.43 meses (1.2-19.6) (p = 0.82). De igual forma, entre quienes tuvieron el 1p(+), la mediana de SLP fue de 9.73 meses (2.6-53) versus el 1p(-) 3.97 meses (4.3- 15.1) (p = 0.053). Conclusión: En una serie limitada de pacientes con GB primario, se encontró que el 1p(+) influyó sobre la SG y la SLP. Estos hallazgos requieren una validación prospectiva, pero sugieren que la deleción del 1p puede afectar el pronóstico de los gliomas de alto grado tratados con quimiorradiación.
Everolimus y astrocitoma subependimario de células gigantes con degeneración quística.
Authors: Restrepo Carlos Emilio , Cardona Andrés Felipe , Mayor Luis Carlos , Jiménez Enrique
Published: June 2021

El complejo esclerosis tuberosa (CET) se caracteriza por la presencia de hamartomas en múltiples órganos, incluyendo el cerebro. Entre el 5% y 20% de quienes lo padecen presentan astrocitomas subependimarios de células gigantes (SEGA, por su sigla en inglés), hallazgo que se asocia a una elevada tasa de morbimortalidad atribuible a hidrocefalia obstructiva. El manejo clásico de los SEGA consiste en la resección quirúrgica, intervención que se relaciona en la actualidad a medicamentos que modulan la vía de señalización mTOR. Experimentos clínicos recientes han demostrado una reducción consistente del volumen tumoral, lo que favorece el control de las crisis epilépticas, hecho que mejora la calidad de vida. A continuación, se presenta el caso de un paciente de 16 años con diagnóstico de CET, a quien se documentó un SEGA con degeneración quística tratado después de dos resecciones quirúrgicas secuenciales con everolimus; dicho manejo permitió una respuesta parcial máxima asociada a la desaparición de otras manifestaciones neurológicas. La utilidad de medicamentos dirigidos a modular blancos moleculares específicos representa una opción terapéutica real en pacientes con el CET que presentan SEGA.
Hemofilia A adquirida : reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Sossa Claudia , Jiménez Sara , Peña Ángela , Salazar Luis , Castellanos William , Gelves Julián
Published: June 2021

La hemofilia adquirida A es una enfermedad autoinmune rara caracterizada por la presencia de autoanticuerpos contra el factor VIII de la coagulación; se manifiesta clínicamente como un síndrome hemorrágico, principalmente mucocutáneo, subcutáneo y en tejidos blandos. La etiología es idiopática en la mayoría de los casos; sin embargo, en los pacientes con patologías asociadas, las más frecuentes son enfermedades del colágeno, tumores sólidos, puerperio, tumores hematolinfoides y medicamentos. Está asociada con una morbilidad y mortalidad significativas, fundamentalmente en los pacientes de mayor edad. Describimos el caso de una mujer de 90 años, que debutó con sangrado subcutáneo severo asociado a prolongación del aPTT. En el abordaje diagnóstico, se encontró una actividad del factor VIII marcadamente disminuida y niveles de inhibidores contra el factor VIII elevados (120 BU/ml), sin antecedente previo de trastornos de la coagulación. Se inició tratamiento con corticoides y se adicionó posteriormente ciclofosfamida, logrando disminuir los títulos del inhibidor y acortar el aPTT; no obstante, la paciente falleció a las tres semanas debido a un ataque cerebro-vascular isquémico no relacionado con el tratamiento instaurado.
Sensibilidad del TTPa en la detección de una deficiencia de factores de coagulación.
Authors: Lombana Milton , Ramos Gloria , Torres Ana Milena , Sanabria Pablo
Published: June 2021

Objetivos: Determinar la sensibilidad del TTPa con el reactivo Actin FSL para la detección de pacientes con déficit de factores de coagulación comparada con el estándar de referencia, que es la determinación directa del nivel de actividad de factores de coagulación por método coagulométrico de un paso. Métodos: Población: pacientes del Hospital Militar Central (Bogotá, Colombia) con determinación de TTPa por Actin FSL y de niveles de factores de coagulación solicitados por sospecha de trastornos de hemostasia durante el período de junio del 2009 a febrero del 2011. Tipo de estudio: analítico de corte transversal de validación de pruebas diagnósticas. A todos los pacientes se les aplicó la prueba por evaluar, TTPa con Actin FSL y el estándar de referencia, de manera independiente a sus resultados. Resultados: De junio del 2009 a febrero del 2011, se incluyeron 133 pacientes con realización de TTPa por Actin FSL y medición de factores de coagulación de manera concomitante. En la población total estudiada, la sensibilidad del TTPa fue del 98.7% con un LR- de 0.02. Ningún paciente con deficiencia severa de factores de coagulación (definida como un valor < 1%) presentó un valor de TTPa < 32.1 seg. El análisis por regresión lineal demostró que no existe relación entre el porcentaje de actividad de los factores de coagulación y el valor del TTPa en segundos. Conclusiones: El TTPa con Actin FSL bajo una técnica estandarizada tiene alta sensibilidad en la detección de disminución de factores de coagulación, y un resultado normal hace muy improbable encontrar déficit de algún factor, por determinación directa.
Sarcomagenesis.
Authors: Cardona Andrés Felipe , Zuluaga Jairo , Carranza Hernán , Otero Jorge Miguel , Vargas Carlos
Published: June 2021

Los sarcomas representan un número heterogéneo de neoplasias que surgen de la transformación de algunas células mesenquimales primitivas. La evidencia ha aumentado de forma considerable respecto de las células pluripotenciales que dan origen a estos tumores y que parecen ser responsables de la iniciación, el mantenimiento, la diferenciación y la proliferación del osteosarcoma, sarcoma sinovial, rabdomiosarcoma y del sarcoma de Ewing. Se han adoptado diferentes métodos para la identificación de células primitivas en los sarcomas, tales como el uso de marcadores de superficie, la citometría de flujo para el aislamiento de células con elevada actividad de la aldehído deshidrogenasa y la realización de análisis de población celular. Esta revisión resume y analiza datos sobre la tumorigénesis de los sarcomas, evaluando su posible papel en la sensibilidad y resistencia a diferentes intervenciones clásicas (quimio y radioterapia), así como nuevas terapias dirigidas molecularmente.
Estudio de bioequivalencia de una formulación genérica de tabletas recubiertas de imatinib mesilato por 400 mg versus Glivec® : un estudio comparativo, aleatorizado, abierto, de dosis única, en ayunas, de dos períodos, en dos secuencias cruzadas en volunt
Authors: Vargas Mauricio , Bustamente Carlos
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Comparar la biodisponibilidad de dos formulaciones farmacéuticas del mismo principio activo, imatinib, con el fin de establecer si son bioequivalentes, a la luz de la reglamentación expedida por la FDA. Metodología: El estudio se realizó siguiendo las normas de buenas prácticas clínicas. Se trata de un estudio aleatorizado, abierto, de dosis única, en ayunas, de dos períodos, dos secuencias cruzadas completas y ocho días como período de lavado en población colombiana. Para el análisis cuantitativo de las muestras plasmáticas, se efectuó la validación de un método de cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia con un detector ultravioleta. Resultados: Los voluntarios fueron de raza mestiza de la población colombiana, con una edad promedio de 25 años, entre 18 y 40 años, y con un IMC promedio de 22 kg/m2, entre 19,0 y 24,9 kg/m2. Se obtuvieron los siguientes valores para los parámetros de valoración: Cmáx 1437,2 ng/ml para el producto de prueba y 1435,9 ng/ml para el producto de referencia, con un tmáx de 3,4 horas para el producto prueba y 3,2 horas para el producto de referencia. El ABC0-t del producto de prueba fue 20431,5 ng.h/ml y del producto de referencia, 19338,0 ng.h/ml. El ABC Inf del producto de prueba fue 21296,5 ng.h/ ml y del producto de referencia, 20816,9 ng.h/ml. El ratio para el parámetro ABC0-t fue de 107.2 (IC 90% 93,5-123,0), para ABC0-inf ratio de 102,9 (IC 90% 91,4-115,8) y para Cmáx ratio de 100,2 (IC 90% 90,3-111,2). Conclusión: Los dos productos comparados (Imatin® de laboratorios Procaps y Glivec® del laboratorio Novartis) son bioequivalentes y, por lo tanto, se pueden considerar intercambiables, según lo establecen las normas de la FDA.
Carcinoma medular gástrico.
Authors: Quiroga Alicia , Contreras Fernando , Brugés Ricardo Elías
Published: June 2021

El carcinoma medular gástrico (CMG) es una neoplasia infrecuente y poco diferenciada que presenta un buen pronóstico, homólogo a otros tumores medulares originados en la mama, el pulmón, la región nasofaríngea, el timo y la glándula salivar. El diagnóstico incluye la reactividad para PAS-Alcian Blue, Alcian Blue, tricrómico de Masson y para reticulina. El CMG muestra una importante población linfocitaria (células T y B), células dendríticas, plasmodiales, y macrófagos gigantes multinucleados en estrecha relación con las células neoplásicas. Los resultados genómicos sugieren que el virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB) está asociado con el desarrollo del CMG.
Memória, trabalho e identidade: trajetórias de vida de mulheres idosas dos quilombos Botafogo e Caveira na Região dos Lagos (RJ)
Authors: Ferreira Dayara da Silva
Published: June 2021

O artigo é resultado da pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado, cuja análise versou sobre as trajetórias de vida de mulheres idosas dos quilombos Botafogo e Caveira, ambos situados na Região dos Lagos (RJ). Recuperei a memória das idosas através do método de História de Vida, a partir de um lapso temporal que compreende o período da infância à velhice. Destacam-se as temáticas mais recorrentesem suas narrativas, que são: trabalho, identidade, solidariedade e religiosidade. Exponho tais conceitos à luz de autores clássicos, como Halbwachs, Pollak, Lins de Barros e Bosi. Explicito ainda como se dão as relações sociais estabelecidas em ambos os quilombos, bem como as experiências compartilhadas nos eventos cotidianos, principalmente na prática do plantio, tida como atividade de maior importância. Recupero a vivência das idosas mediante as práticas de cuidado, solidariedade e participação social na vida religiosa, que se constituem como redes de apoio social.
As portas abertas da história: a contribuição de Rita de Cássia para a história da saúde e das doenças no Brasil
Authors: Valente Polyana Aparecida , Porto Paloma , Pimenta Denise Nacif
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho configura-se como uma construção narrativa sobre a trajetória de vida e profissional da professora titular e pesquisadora Rita de Cássia Marques. Por meio da metodologia de história oral pública, entrevistamos Rita visando a construção de uma narrativa sobre a sua história de vida, levando em consideração o fazer do historiador no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19 e a constituição do próprio campo da História da Saúde e das Doenças no Brasil, campo em que atuou de forma pioneira no Brasil. Por meio da função social que a memória de Rita exerce sobre a construção do campo da História da Saúde e das Doenças e como essa experiência nos ajuda a pensar o tempo presente assolado pela pandemia e o fazer historiográfico por meio da temática do envelhecimento. Rita nos proporciona uma viagem no tempo, que atravessa os caminhos geracional, de gênero, raça, e personagens históricos de temporalidades distintas.
Apresentação ao dossiê "História oral e envelhecimento"
Authors: Rabêlo de Almeida Juniele , Morais Garcia Lima Lívia
Published: June 2021

Apresentação ao dossiê "História oral e envelhecimento", publicado no volume 24, número 1, da revista História Oral.
A black carbon peak in the free troposphere of Beijing induced by cyclone lifting and transport from Central China
Authors: Wang Zhenbin , Zhu Bin , Kang Hanqing , Lu Wen , Yan Shuqi , Zhao Delong , Zhang Weihang
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Observations suggest that the vertical distributions of air pollutants, such as black carbon (BC), present as various types depending on the emission sources and meteorological diffusion conditions. However, the formation process and source appointment of some special BC profiles are not fully understood. In this paper, by using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) with a BC-tagging technique, we investigate the formation mechanism and regional sources of a BC peak in the free troposphere observed by aircraft flight in Beijing (BJ) on May 5th, 2018. The results show that the contribution rate of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region to the surface BC of BJ exceeded 80 % in this case. Local sources dominated BC in BJ from the surface to approximately 700 m (78.5 %), while the BC peak in the free troposphere (~4000 m) was almost entirely imported from external sources (99.8 %). Combining BC tracking and process analysis, we find that horizontal advection (HADV) and vertical advection (VADV) processes played an important role in the convergent and upward movement and the transport of BC. The BC originating from the surface in central provinces, including Shanxi (SX), Henan (HN) and Hebei (HB), was uplifted through a cyclone system 16 hours previously, transported to a height of approximately 3000 m above BJ, and then lifted by the VADV process to approximately 4000 m. At the surface, BJ and its surroundings were under the control of a weak pressure gradient, leading to the accumulation of BC within the boundary layer. Our results indicate that cyclone systems can quickly lift air pollutants, such as BC, up to the free troposphere, as well as extend their lifetimes and further affect the regional atmospheric environment and climate.
Measurement report: Fast photochemical production of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) over the rural North China Plain during cold-season haze events
Authors: Qiu Yulu , Ma Zhiqiang , Li Ke , Huang Mengyu , Sheng Jiujiang , Tian Ping , Zhu Jia , Pu Weiwei , Tang Yingxiao , Han Tingting , Zhou Huaigang , Liao Hong
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Photochemical pollution over the North China Plain (NCP) are attracting considerable concern. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is usually viewed as the second most important photochemical pollutant featuring high mixing ratios during warm seasons. Our observations at a background site in the NCP identified high PAN concentrations even during cold-season haze events. The abrupt increasing rates of PAN by 244 % and 178 % over the morning hours (8:00–12:00) on 10/20 and 10/25, 2020 were 10.6 and 7.7 times those on clean days. The pollution days were characterized by higher temperature and humidity, accompanied by anomalous southerlies. Enhanced local photochemistry has been identified as the dominant factor that controls PAN increase in the morning at the rural site, as the time when prevailing wind turned to southerlies was too late to facilitate direct transport of PAN from the polluted urban region. By removing the effect of direct transport of PAN, we provide a quantitative assessment of net PAN chemical production rate of 0.45 ppb h−1 on the polluted morning, also demonstrating the strong local photochemistry. Using observations and calculated photolysis rates, we find that oxidation of acetaldehyde by hydroxyl radical (OH) is the primary pathway of peroxyacetyl radical formation at the rural site. Acetaldehyde concentrations and production rates of HOx (HOx = OH + HO2) radical on pollution days were 2.8 and 2 times that on clean days, respectively, leading to the abrupt increase of PAN in the morning. Formaldehyde (HCHO) photolysis dominates the daytime HOx production thus contributing to fast photochemistry of PAN. Our observational results fully explain the cause of rapid increase of PAN during cold days at a rural site of the NCP, as well as provide the evidence of important role of HCHO photolysis in secondary pollutants at lower nitrogen oxide emissions. This highlights the imperative to implement strict volatile organic compounds controls out of summer seasons over the NCP.
Estimation of fire-induced carbon emissions from Equatorial Asia in 2015 using in situ aircraft and ship observations
Authors: Niwa Yosuke , Sawa Yousuke , Nara Hideki , Machida Toshinobu , Matsueda Hidekazu , Umezawa Taku , Ito Akihiko , Nakaoka Shin-Ichiro , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Tohjima Yasunori
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Inverse analysis was used to estimate fire carbon
emissions in Equatorial Asia induced by the big El Niño event in 2015.
This inverse analysis is unique because it extensively used high-precision
atmospheric mole fraction data of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the
commercial aircraft observation project CONTRAIL. Through comparisons with
independent shipboard observations, especially carbon monoxide (CO) data,
the validity of the estimated fire-induced carbon emissions was demonstrated.
The best estimate, which used both aircraft and shipboard CO2
observations, indicated 273 Tg C for fire emissions from
September–October 2015. This 2-month period accounts for 75 % of the annual total fire emissions and 45 % of the annual total net carbon flux within the region, indicating that fire emissions are a dominant driving force of interannual variations of carbon fluxes in Equatorial Asia.
Several sensitivity experiments demonstrated that aircraft observations
could measure fire signals, though they showed a certain degree of
sensitivity to prior fire-emission data. The inversions coherently estimated
smaller fire emissions than the prior data, partially because of the small
contribution of peatland fires indicated by enhancement ratios of CO and
CO2 observed by the ship. In future warmer climate conditions,
Equatorial Asia may experience more severe droughts, which risks releasing a
large amount of carbon into the atmosphere. Therefore, the continuation of
aircraft and shipboard observations is fruitful for reliable monitoring of
carbon fluxes in Equatorial Asia.
Modeling the dynamic behavior of a droplet evaporation device for the delivery of isotopically calibrated low-humidity water vapor
Authors: Kerstel Erik
Published: June 2021

Abstract. A model is presented that gives a quantitative description of the dynamic behavior of a low-humidity water vapor generator in terms of water vapor concentration (humidity) and isotope ratios. The generator is based on the evaporation of a nanoliter-sized droplet produced at the end of a syringe needle by balancing the inlet water flow and the evaporation of water from the droplet surface into a dry-air stream. The humidity level is adjusted by changing the speed of the high-precision syringe pump and, if needed, the dry-air flow. The generator was developed specifically for use with laser-based water isotope analyzers in Antarctica, and it was recently described in Leroy-Dos Santos et al. (2021). Apart from operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, and water and dry-air flows, the model has as “free” input parameters: water isotope fractionation factors and the evaporation rate. We show that the experimental data constrain these parameters to physically realistic values that are in reasonable to good agreement with available literature values. With the advent of new ultraprecise isotope ratio spectrometers, the approach used here may permit the measurement of not only the evaporation rate but also the effective fractionation factors and isotopologue-dependent diffusivity ratios, in the evaporation of small droplets.
Evaluating the potential for Haloarchaea to serve as ice nucleating particles
Authors: Creamean Jessie M. , Ceniceros Julio E. , Newman Lilyanna , Pace Allyson D. , Hill Thomas C. J. , DeMott Paul J. , Rhodes Matthew E.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Aerosols play a crucial role in cloud formation. Biologically derived materials from bacteria, fungi, pollen, lichen, viruses, algae, and diatoms can serve as ice nucleating particles (INPs), some of which initiate glaciation in clouds at relatively warm freezing temperatures. However, determining the magnitude of the interactions between clouds and biologically derived INPs remains a significant challenge due to the diversity and complexity of bioaerosols and limited observations of such aerosols facilitating cloud ice formation. Additionally, microorganisms from the domain Archaea have, to date, not been evaluated as INPs. Here, we present the first results reporting the ice nucleation activity of four species in the class Haloarchaea. Intact cells of Halococcus morrhuae and Haloferax sulfurifontis demonstrated the ability to induce immersion freezing at temperatures up to −18 ∘C, while lysed cells of Haloquadratum walsbyi and Natronomonas pharaonis were unable to serve as immersion INPs. Exposure to heat and peroxide digestion indicated that the INPs of intact cells were driven by organic (H. morrhuae and H. sulfurifontis) and possibly also heat labile materials (H. sulfurifontis only). While halophiles are prominent in hypersaline environments such as the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea, other members of the Archaea, such as methanogens and thermophiles, are prevalent in anoxic systems in seawater, sea ice, marine sediments, glacial ice, permafrost, and other cold niches. Archaeal extremophiles are both diverse and highly abundant. Thus, it is important to assess their ability to serve as INPs as it may lead to an improved understanding of biological impacts on clouds.
Baghuk Mountain (Central Iran): high-resolution stratigraphy of a continuous Central Tethyan Permian–Triassic boundary section
Authors: Korn Dieter , Leda Lucyna , Heuer Franziska , Moradi Salimi Hemen , Farshid Elham , Akbari Amir , Schobben Martin , Ghaderi Abbas , Struck Ulrich , Gliwa Jana , Ware David , Hairapetian Vachik
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Permian–Triassic boundary sections at Baghuk Mountain (Central Iran) are investigated with respect to their lithological succession, biostratigraphy (particularly conodonts, nautiloids and ammonoids) as well as chemostratigraphy (carbon isotopes). The rock successions consist of the Late Permian Hambast Formation, the youngest Permian Baghuk Member (new name for the “Boundary Clay”) and the Early Triassic Claraia beds. Correlation of the data allows the establishment of a high-resolution stratigraphy based on conodonts with seven Changhsingian zones. Abundant ammonoids enable the separation of ammonoid assemblages with the successive Wuchiapingian genera Prototoceras, Pseudotoceras and Vedioceras, as well as the Changhsingian genera Shevyrevites, Paratirolites, Alibashites, Abichites and Arasella. Griesbachian and Dienerian ammonoids are usually poorly preserved. Nautiloids occur predominantly in the Wuchiapingian part of the section with two successive assemblages dominated by the Liroceratidae and Tainoceratidae, respectively. Numerous Early Triassic strata contain microbialites of various outer morphology and microstructure. The carbon isotope curve (δ13Ccarb) shows a continuous late Changhsingian negative excursion continuing across the Baghuk Member with the lightest values at the base of the Triassic.
WRF-GC (v2.0): online two-way coupling of WRF (v3.9.1.1) and GEOS-Chem (v12.7.2) for modeling regional atmospheric chemistry–meteorology interactions
Authors: Feng Xu , Lin Haipeng , Fu Tzung-May , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Zhuang Jiawei , Jacob Daniel J. , Tian Heng , Ma Yaping , Zhang Lijuan , Wang Xiaolin , Chen Qi , Han Zhiwei
Published: June 2021

Abstract. We present the WRF-GC model v2.0, an online two-way coupling of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model (v3.9.1.1) and the GEOS-Chem model (v12.7.2). WRF-GC v2.0 is built on the modular framework of WRF-GC v1.0 and further includes aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI) and aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) based on bulk aerosol mass and composition, as well as the capability to nest multiple domains for high-resolution simulations. WRF-GC v2.0 is the first implementation of the GEOS-Chem model in an open-source dynamic model with chemical feedbacks to meteorology. In WRF-GC, meteorological and chemical calculations are performed on the exact same 3-D grid system; grid-scale advection of meteorological variables and chemical species uses the same transport scheme and time steps to ensure mass conservation. Prescribed size distributions are applied to the aerosol types simulated by GEOS-Chem to diagnose aerosol optical properties and activated cloud droplet numbers; the results are passed to the WRF model for radiative and cloud microphysics calculations. WRF-GC is computationally efficient and scalable to massively parallel architectures. We use WRF-GC v2.0 to conduct sensitivity simulations with different combinations of ARI and ACI over China during January 2015 and July 2016. Our sensitivity simulations show that including ARI and ACI improves the model's performance in simulating regional meteorology and air quality. WRF-GC generally reproduces the magnitudes and spatial variability of observed aerosol and cloud properties and surface meteorological variables over East Asia during January 2015 and July 2016, although WRF-GC consistently shows a low bias against observed aerosol optical depths over China. WRF-GC simulations including both ARI and ACI reproduce the observed surface concentrations of PM2.5 in January 2015 (normalized mean bias of −9.3 %, spatial correlation r of 0.77) and afternoon ozone in July 2016 (normalized mean bias of 25.6 %, spatial correlation r of 0.56) over eastern China. WRF-GC v2.0 is open source and freely available from http://wrf.geos-chem.org (last access: 20 June 2021).
Using Long Short-Term Memory networks to connect water table depth anomalies to precipitation anomalies over Europe
Authors: Ma Yueling , Montzka Carsten , Bayat Bagher , Kollet Stefan
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Many European countries rely on groundwater for public and industrial water supply. Due to a scarcity of near-real-time water table depth (wtd) observations, establishing a spatially consistent groundwater monitoring system at the continental scale is a challenge. Hence, it is necessary to develop alternative methods for estimating wtd anomalies (wtda) using other hydrometeorological observations routinely available near real time. In this work, we explore the potential of Long Short-Term
Memory (LSTM) networks for producing monthly wtda using monthly
precipitation anomalies (pra) as input. LSTM networks are a special category of artificial neural networks that are useful for detecting a long-term dependency within sequences, in our case time series, which is expected in the relationship between pra and wtda. In the proposed methodology, spatiotemporally continuous data were obtained from daily terrestrial simulations of the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TSMP) over Europe (hereafter termed the TSMP-G2A data set), with a spatial resolution of 0.11∘, ranging from the years 1996 to 2016. The data were separated into a training set (1996–2012), a validation set (2013–2014), and a test set (2015–2016) to establish local networks at selected pixels across Europe. The modeled wtda maps from LSTM networks agreed well with TSMP-G2A wtda maps on spatially distributed dry and wet events, with 2003 and 2015 constituting drought years over Europe. Moreover, we categorized the test performances of the networks based on intervals of yearly averaged wtd, evapotranspiration (ET), soil moisture (θ), snow water equivalent (Sw), soil type (St), and dominant plant functional type (PFT). Superior test performance was found at the pixels with wtd < 3 m, ET > 200 mm, θ>0.15 m3 m−3, and Sw<10 mm, revealing a significant impact of the local factors
on the ability of the networks to process information. Furthermore, results
of the cross-wavelet transform (XWT) showed a change in the temporal pattern between TSMP-G2A pra and wtda at some selected pixels, which can be a reason for undesired network behavior. Our results demonstrate that LSTM networks are useful for producing high-quality wtda based on other hydrometeorological data measured and predicted at large scales, such as pra. This contribution may facilitate the establishment of an effective groundwater monitoring system over Europe that is relevant to water management.
Dating folding beyond folding, from layer-parallel shortening to fold tightening, using mesostructures: Lessons from the Apennines, Pyrenees and Rocky Mountains
Authors: Lacombe Olivier , Beaudoin Nicolas , Hoareau Guilhem , Labeur Aurélie , Pecheyran Christophe , Callot Jean-Paul
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Dating syntectonic sedimentary sequences is often seen as the unique way to constrain the initiation, kinematics and rate of folding and the sequence of deformation in the shallow crust. Beyond fold growth however, deformation mesostructures accommodate the internal shortening of pre-folding strata before, during and after strata tilting. Absolute dating of mesostructures developed during extension at fold hinge may help constrain the duration of fold growth in the absence of preserved growth strata, while dating of mesostructures related to layer-parallel shortening and late fold tightening provide a valuable access to the timing and duration of the entire folding event. We compile existing ages in the literature and provide new U-Pb ages of calcite cements from veins and faults from four folds (Apennines, Pyrenees, Rocky Mountains). Our results not only better constrain the timing of fold growth but also reveal a contraction preceding and following folding, the duration of which might be function of the tectonic style and regional sequence of deformation. This study paves the way for a better appraisal of folding lifetime and processes and of stress evolution in folded domains.
A STATISTICAL MODEL OF WINTER/SPRING POLAR OZONE
Authors:   Central Aerological Observatory, Ivanova N. S.
Published: June 2021

Satellite measurements provided by NASA (USA) at http://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov are used to study the variability and interdependence of polar ozone, polar temperature, and mean zonal wind. A model of winter/spring polar ozone in the Arctic and Antarctic is constructed using data on polar temperatures at 30, 70, and 100 hPa levels and mean zonal wind at 10 and 70 hPa levels in the latitude zone of 45°-75°. The results of the statistical analysis of the 1979-2020 polar ozone calculation errors are presented.
STATISTICAL AND MODEL ESTIMATES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTENSITY AND DURATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONES
Authors:   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mokhov I. I. , Poroshenko A. G. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: June 2021

Statistical estimates of the relationship between the duration and intensity of tropical cyclones using RSMC data for the period of 1951-2019 are presented. A good correspondence is noted between the duration of tropical cyclones, including the most powerful ones (typhoons), and their maximum intensity for the Northwest Pacific expressed in the form of power-law dependence. The similar dependences are obtained for the tropical cyclones transitioned into extratropical ones.
APPROACHES AND CRITERIA FOR ECOLOGICAL REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY BY RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS
Authors:   Taifun Research and Production Association, Kryshev I. I. , Sazykina T. G. ,   Taifun Research and Production Association, Kryshev A. I. ,   Taifun Research and Production Association, Kosykh I. V. ,   Taifun Research and Production Association, Pavlova N. N. ,   Taifun Research and Production Association, Buryakova A. A. ,   Taifun Research and Production Association
Published: June 2021

Methodology for the ecological regulation of environmental quality by radioactivity levels is presented. Reference levels of radionuclides in surface waters and soil are determined to ensure the radiation safety of ecosystems. The developed criteria were tested using the data of long-term (2000-2018) radiation monitoring in the observation areas of nuclear power facilities like radiochemical plants, nuclear power plants with VVER, RBMK, and BN reactors. It is shown that the activity of the considered nuclear power facilities did not lead to the exceeding of ecologically safe levels of radionuclides in environmental components during the study period.
TRANSFORMATION OF RADIOCESIUM SPECIATION IN PONDS AT THE VICINITY OF FUKUSHIMA DAI-ICHI NUCLEAR POWER PLANT AND ITS DYNAMICS IN “SEDIMENTS-WATER” SYSTEM
Authors:   Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan, Konoplev A. V. , Wakiyama Y. ,   Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan, Wada T. ,   Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan, Ivanov M. ,   Moscow State University,   Ufa Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Komissarov M. A. ,   Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nanba K. ,   Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
Published: June 2021

The paper is concerned with the results of 137Cs monitoring in the irrigation ponds of the Okuma town in the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) exclusion zone. The 137Cs activity concentrations in the ponds appeared to be higher than those in the rivers and dam reservoirs in the region. The study has revealed a trend for a decline in 137Cs activity concentrations, both particulate and dissolved. The rate of particulate 137Cs decline was much higher than that of dissolved. The total distri- bution coefficient Kd (137Cs) in the suspended sediment-water system in the studied ponds was decreasing in time with the rate constant of 0.12-0.18 year-1. Assuming that the decrease in Kd is associated with decomposition of hot glassy particles, the time scale of 137Cs leaching from them in these water bodies was estimated to be 5-8 years. These estimates are consistent with the findings of recent laboratory experiments on the subject. With respect to seasonal variations, the highest levels of dissolved 137Cs in the studied ponds were observed from June to October as a function of specific pond and monitoring year. Based on data about 137Cs speciation in the bottom sediment top layer of the ponds and its distri- bution in the sediment-water system, the exchangeable radiocesium interception potential RIPex(K) for the ponds sediments was estimated to be 1650-2250 mg-eq/kg, which is within the range of values measured by laboratory studies.
WAYS IN WHICH HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS UNDERSTAND THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION FOR PROPORTIONS
Authors: BATANERO CARMEN , BEGUÉ NURIA , BOROVCNIK MANFRED , GEA MARÍA M.
Published: June 2021

In Spain, curricular guidelines as well as the university-entrance tests for social-science high-school students (17–18 years old) include sampling distributions. To analyse the understanding of this concept we investigated a sample of 234 students. We administered a questionnaire to them and ask half for justifications of their answers. The questionnaire consisted of four sampling tasks with two sample sizes (n = 100 and 10) and population proportions (equal or different to 0.5)systematically varied. The experiment gathered twofold data from the students simultaneously, namely about their perception of the mean and about their understanding of variation of the sampling distribution. The analysis of students’ responses indicates a good understanding of the relationship between the theoretical proportion in the population and the sample proportion. Sampling variability, however, was overestimated in bigger samples. We also observed various types of biased thinking in the students: the equiprobability and recency biases, as well as deterministic pre-conceptions. The effect of the task variables on the students’ responses is also discussed here.
First published December 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Editorial and Front Matter
Authors: Kaplan Jennifer J.
Published: June 2021

Welcome to the first issue of SERJ for 2021.
PRIOR MATHEMATICS PERFORMANCE, STATISTICS ANXIETY, SELF-EFFICACY AND EXPECTATIONS FOR PERFORMANCE IN STATISTICS: A SURVEY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDENTS IN A CARIBBEAN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: ESNARD TALIA RANDA , ALLADIN FAREENA MARYAM , SAMLAL KEISHA CHANDRA
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this study were to examine (i) the expectation for performance (EFP) in statistics of first year university students, (ii) the relative effect of previous mathematics performance (PMP), perceived statistical self-efficacy (SSE), and statistics anxiety (SA) for understanding these expectations, and (iii) whether students’ EFP scores differ based on sex and academic discipline. Findings point to average to high EFP in statistics, with no differences in these levels based on sex or academic discipline. PMP had little effect on students’ EFP, but, moderate effects on their levels of SA. While SSE positively affected both students’ SA, this measure produced a negative effect on their EFP in statistics. Both SSE and SA negatively affected students’ EFP in statistics, but with minimally higher levels for the latter.
Nlebe-Etoo, Joseph (2018) Chroniques d’une course vers le néant. Douala, Éditions Veritas, 149 pp., ISBN: 978-9956-635-67-7
Authors: Ngamaleu Armel Jovensel
Published: June 2021

Somme toute, l’ouvrage de Joseph Nlebe-Etoo, paru deux ans plus tôt, a cependant la particularité de tutoyer de plus belle l’actualité internationale marquée par la crise, voire la catastrophe sanitaire planétaire due à la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19). Cette triste situation ambiante illustre à suffire la trahison de l’Homme par la science et les limites du scientisme. Sa réflexion interpelle plus que jamais tout lecteur aux fins de prendre conscience des grands dangers divers susceptibles de ruiner massivement la vie des hommes. L’essayiste nous amène à nous interroger sérieusement sur nos actions passées, présentes et futures pour mieux renégocier notre destin commun sur la planète Terre, qui se doit d’être repensé, réinventé dans un élan d’humanisme, d’écologisme, de multiculturalisme, de tolérance, de fraternité, de religiosité, de modération, de justice et de paix.
Maurice Blanchot et la question de l’être
Authors: Azeroual Abdellah
Published: June 2021

Pour Maurice Blanchot, l’indifférence face à l’opacité du monde s’alimente de la conscience avertie de l’homme. Celle-ci l’expose à l’inutilité de concevoir l’être comme une instance profondément active dans le monde. Ce qui inquiète Maurice Blanchot, ce n’est pas la raison elle-même, mais « […] l’accumulation accélérée de dispositifs rationnels, un vertige logique de rationalisations […]. » (Blanchot, 1986 : 32) Afin de vérifier cette hypothèse, il est nécessaire de se pencher sur le rapport qui lie la distanciation et la neutralité à des notions purement blanchotiennes, entre autre le ressassement comme volonté et comme représentation.
El Journal littéraire de Paul Léautaud: la obra y su recepción en España
Authors: Luque Amo Álvaro
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo analiza el Journal littéraire de Paul Léautaud y su recepción en España. De gran importancia en el contexto francés, el diario de Léautaud es leído por algunos de los diaristas españoles más importantes, como Josep Pla o Andrés Trapiello, y su reciente publicación (Léautaud, 2016) incide en el asentamiento del diario personal en la literatura española. El artículo se divide en dos partes: en la primera se analiza el Journal littéraire y las principales características que definen su estatus de diario literario; en la segunda, se acomete un repaso histórico por los diferentes textos que demuestran la progresiva acogida del Journal en el ámbito español.
La traducción de la primera novela gótica inglesa al francés: análisis de las técnicas de traducción utilizadas en The Castle of Otranto de Horace Walpole
Authors: Moreno Paz María del Carmen
Published: June 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la primera novela gótica del género fantástico en inglés, The Castle of Otranto (1764), escrita por Horace Walpole, así como su primera traducción en francés, llevada a cabo por Marc-Antoine Eidous en 1767 y titulada Le Château d’Otrante. Dada la importancia de esta obra como origen de la literatura fantástica, que representó un primer indicio del romanticismo y una ruptura con los valores de la Ilustración del siglo XVIII, este estudio pretende analizar los procedimientos de formación utilizados en la traducción al francés para establecer conclusiones en relación con la recepción de la obra y las corrientes literarias y estéticas de la época.
El paratexto paródico: prières d’insérer de Marcel Aymé
Authors: Pardo Jiménez Pedro
Published: June 2021

La prière d’insérer constituye un elemento de gran interés, sobre todo cuando adopta, tal y como sucede con Marcel Aymé, una forma casi prologal y manifiestamente paródica. En lugar de aprovechar la prière d’insérer, como es habitual, para poner en valor el libro en cuestión y ofrecer al lector indicaciones relativas a su interpretación, Aymé la dedica a un objetivo muy diferente: la denuncia de la propia prière d’insérer en tanto que práctica editorial. Para ello, Aymé se sirve de diversas estrategias: la atenuación o la denegación explícita de las cualidades de su texto, la confesión de la presencia en el libro de elementos completamente aleatorios o el empleo de un discurso ampuloso y pseudointelectual que se burla del pedantismo. Paradójicamente, con estas estrategias Aymé consigue elevar un simple género editorial a la categoría de género literario.
IPv6 Multicast Vulnerability – An Overview
Authors: Abdullah Shubair
Published: June 2021

IPv6 is the next Internet Protocol version designed to eventually replace IPv4 as the amount of potentially allocated IPv4 addresses is insufficient. The vulnerabilities of IPv6 protocols and the attacks against them demand more attention to be paid. The multicast mechanism is one of the crucial mechanisms that are related to the nature of IPv6 protocol. Despite its usefulness in performing basic tasks in IPv6 environments, the multicast mechanism is considered as a security hole that calls to be understood by the security specialists and IPv6 network administrators. To address the multicast security aspects, this paper presents the attacks that utilize the multicast vulnerability along with the identification of countermeasures for each attack. In particular, this paper analyzes the state-of-the-art attacks and ranks them based on a new severity ranking method to provide significant security guidance for deploying IPv6 networks.
Fuzzy and Mathematical Effort Estimation Models for Web Applications
Authors: Yousif Jabar , K. Saini Dinesh
Published: June 2021

This paper proposed an Effort Estimation Model for optimizing the deployment of Web Applications Based Fuzzy and Practical Models. Fuzzy logic approach is applied for estimating the development effort, which is compared with practical efforts model in the development process with interpreting the historical data available for the existing functionalities. This paper presented effort estimation model that involves two levels development and requirements for web applications built on three-tier architecture using Microsoft technologies. The first level estimates published by Project Managers and the second level estimates presented by Project Leaders or Developers for any new requirement or enhancements. The model considers the classification of each task as either Low or Medium or High complexity. These tasks pertain to the lowest level parts in bottom-up estimation. Efforts are estimated for designing, coding and unit testing of these tasks and the efforts are summed up to get the effort estimation for the higher level which is a feature to be implemented. The paper also discusses about the application of the effort estimation model by taking a new requirement as a case study. The first level estimates calculated using the effort estimation model has a variance of about 25% when compared with the actual effort. This variance is very much acceptable considering the fact that the first level estimates can be tolerable up to 35%. The proposed effort estimation model would help the project managers to efficiently control the project, manage the resources effectively, and improve the software development process and also trade off analyses among schedule, performance, quality and functionality. Fuzzy logic is used to verify the claims made in efforts estimation. It is proposed a new relation between the number of data and efforts value membership for actual data.
Human – Ear Recognition Using Scale Invariant Feature Transform
Authors: Hassin Abbas , Abbood Dheyaa
Published: June 2021

Biometrics techniques are the standard of a wide group of many applications for a human’s identification and verification issues. Because of this reason, a high scale of security needs to search for a new way to identify the person arises. In this paper, establish a human ear recognition system is proposed. This system combines four main phases: ear detection, ear feature extraction, ear recognition, and confirmation. The essential of the proposed system is to divide the ear image into the skin and non-skin pixels using a likelihood skin detector. The likelihood image processes by morphological operations to complete ear regions.  Scale-invariant feature transform uses for extracting the fixed features of the ear. Ear recognition includes two modes identification mode and verification mode. Euclidean Distance Measure (EDM) uses for similarity measure between the first image in the database and a new image. According to the three experiments conducted in this paper, the results of the different datasets, the accuracy ratio are 100%, 92%.and 92% respectively.
Uma história de pioneirismo: entrevista com a Professora Maria Piedade Resende da Costa
Authors: Costa Maria Piedade Resende da , Vasconcelos Norma Abreu e Lima Maciel de Lemos , Rocha Luiz Renato Martins da
Published: June 2021

Entrevista com a Professora Maria Piedade Resende da Costa
ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TRANSPORTASI PADA PENDISTRIBUSIAN BARANG PT. XYZ
Authors: Prihandoko, ST, MM Danang , Elvina Elvina , Hartono Dedy
Published: June 2021

This research purpose is to streamline the cost of PT. XYZ goods shipping. The company will know the cost efficiency between using the third party transportation services or their own transportation. This reseacrh method is descriptive, the required data is obtained by conducting a survey at this company. Analysis data in this research are using Transportation Method. To get the optimal shipping cost, company had using transportation services by using Transportation Method with North West Corner (NWC), Least Cost, and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) approaches. And result of this research is indicate that the method of company using on their own transportation is not optimal, and the company can streamline the cost if using third party transportation services rather than using their own transportation to the destination area. To get the optimal cost, company ought to use Transportation Method.