bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective adsorption of phosphate by carboxyl-modified activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization
Authors: Miao Luwei , Deng Wenyang , Chen Xiaohong , Gao Ming , Chen Wenqing , Ao Tianqi
Published: October 2021

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been considered as a promising technology for removing phosphate from water but suffer inferior selectivity and electrosorption performances for phosphate of current carbon electrodes in CDI. Herein, we achieved highly selective phosphate removal from a ternary effluent of Cl−, , and by using nitric acid-treated activated carbon (AC) with various modification times and pure AC as the anode and cathode, a novel phosphate selective asymmetric CDI reactor. The results showed that carboxyl groups greatly grafted on the materials after modification (varying from 0.00084 to 0.0012 mol g−1). The phosphate selectivity of the present research was higher than that of unmodified CDI, and it increased with the increase of carboxyl groups content. The highest phosphate selectivity (2.01) in modified materials is almost six times higher than that of pure AC. Moreover, the modified electrodes exhibited good regenerative ability with a phosphate desorption efficiency of around 72.12% during the adsorption/desorption process and great stability during the cycling experiment. These results demonstrated that the innovative application of nitric acid-modified AC can effectively selectively remove phosphate from mixed anion solution, opening a hopeful window to selective adsorption in water treatment by CDI.
Influence of pore water phase change on service performance for permeable pavement in Sponge City
Authors: Yu Tengjiang , Liu Dengao , Zhang Haitao , Wang Haoda
Published: October 2021

As the cornerstone of normal operation for Sponge City, the service performance of permeable pavement is directly related to the utilization rate of precipitation resources. However, the pore filling state (air, water and ice) of permeable pavement in Sponge City is easily affected by the service environment, especially low temperature. Thus, in the study, the influence of pore filling states and phase change processes on the service performance for permeable pavement were studied based on the models established on specimen section. Details of pore water phase change were visually displayed and described, and the strength variation of Marshall specimens after freeze-thaw cycle experiment also proved the rationality of simulation. Results show that the pore filling states in permeable pavement have different effects on the temperature field, and the influence of pore air on the temperature distribution for permeable pavement is greater than that of pore water (ice). In particular, weak positions between different pores are more susceptible to freezing stress, leading to stress concentration. Simulation results were also verified by macro experiments. Furthermore, the sustainable service performance of permeable pavement in Sponge City was inevitably affected. Therefore, the study results have certain significance for the development of permeable pavement in freezing and thawing regions, and are conducive to the wider application of Sponge City.
Mechanisms of stem cells action: reality and hypotheses
Authors: Kudlay D. A. , Ivolgin D. A.
Published: October 2021

Despite the long history of stem cells studying, the mechanisms of their action are still not fully understood. A classic example is the described non-hematological effect of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), presumably due to the ability to transdifferentiation and cell fusion. The focus of clinical application in the field of regenerative medicine is mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), and the understanding of the ways of implementfnion of their regenerative potential has evolved significantly. MSC were discovered and described as a structural unit of the HSC niche responsible for the repair of connective tissue through differentiation. However, it later turned out that they are a regulator of various processes in the body as a whole. These processes include anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and immunomodulatory effects, which are realized in various ways. Among these pathways, the paracrine mechanism has already been identified – the release of various growth factors, exosomes and microvesicles, the mechanism of direct transfer of mitochondria and other cellular organelles from cell to cell using tunneling nanotubes, the mechanism of efferocytosis. One of the latest discoveries in this field was the immunomodulatory effect of apoptotic MSC.In general, the study of the stem cells mechanisms of action is a living, developing field of science in which the last word will not be said soon.
Cytotoxic Activity of a Unique Monomeric Heterogeneous Two-Coordinate
Ligand Monovalent Gold Complex with Tiopronin and a Heterocyclic
Mercapto-Tetrazole Compound
Authors: Sano Naoyuki , Yoshino Hironori , Sato Yoshiaki , Honma Hideo , Cordonier Christopher E.J. , Kashiwakura Ikuo
Published: October 2021

Background:

The importance of the role of NF-κB is recognized in situations
such as malignant transformation and metastasis of cancer, and it has been suggested that
inhibiting this role can be one of the cancer treatment strategies. Gold preparations such
as auranofin are known to have an indirect NF-κB inhibitory effect.

Objective:

We synthesized a novel gold complex [tiopronin monovalent gold-5-mercapto-
1-methyl tetrazole, abbreviated as TPN-Au(I)-MM4], with different physical properties
and chemical structure from auranofin, and evaluated its cytotoxic activity and radiation
sensitizing effect on human THP1 cells.

Methods:

The number of viable cells was counted by the trypan blue dye exclusion
method. The cell death evaluation was performed by FITC-Annexin V+ and PI staining.
In investigating the radiation sensitizing effect of TPN-Au(I)-MM4, this compound [10
or 25 μM] was added into the culture medium 1 h before X-ray irradiation.

Results:

In the cells treated with 25 μM TPN-Au(I)-MM4 for 72 h, a decrease in the proliferation
of THP1 cells was observed [The relative values of viable cells in the control
group and the 25 μM treatment group were approximately 6.8 and 4.2, respectively]. In
the combination of 25 μM of the compound treatment and X-ray irradiation, an increase
of approximately 3.0-fold was observed in 2 Gy irradiation and approximately 1.4-fold in
4 Gy irradiation as in comparison to the case of irradiation alone.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that TPN-Au(I)-MM4 reduces the proliferation of THP1
cells through the induction of cell death, and the combined use of TPN-Au(I)-MM4
and X-ray irradiation shows effective cytotoxicity against THP1 cells.
The Syntheses and Medicinal Attributes of Phenanthrenes as Anticancer
Agents: A Quinquennial Update
Authors: Jhingran Sarthak , Laxmikeshav Kritika , Mone Sayali , K. Rao Venkata , Shankaraiah Nagula
Published: October 2021

Cancer is a silent killer and remains to pose major health problems globally.
Amongst the several biological targets, DNA is one of the most striking targets in cancer
chemotherapy. Owing to its planar structure, phenanthrene and its derivatives exhibit potential
cytotoxicity by intercalating between the DNA base pairs and by inhibiting the enzymes
that are involved in the synthesis of DNA. However, due to the off-target effects
and resistance, the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents would be meritorious.
In this regard, we present a detailed review on the development of phenanthrene-based
derivatives reported in the last quinquennial. This review mainly focuses on the synthetic
aspects and strategies to procure the fused phenanthrene derivatives such as (i) phenanthroindolizidines,
phenanthroquinolizidine, phenanthroimidazoles, podophyllotoxin-based
phenanthrenes, and dihydrophenanthrodioxine derivatives, (ii) phenanthrene conjugates
with other pharmacologically significant pharmacophores, and (iii) phenanthrene-metal
complexes. This review also edifies their potential in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation against
various carcinoma cell lines in submicromolar to nanomolar ranges. Additionally, computational
studies and structure-activity relationships (SARs) have also been presented to
highlight the essential features of the designed congeners. Thus, this review would aid in
the development of novel derivatives in future as potential cytotoxic agents in the field of
medicinal chemistry.
JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN Family Proteins: Important Nodes in Jasmonic
Acid-Abscisic Acid Crosstalk for Regulating Plant Response to
Drought
Authors: Gupta Aarti , Bhardwaj Mamta , Tran Lam-Son P.
Published: October 2021

:

Plants modulate the metabolism of phytohormones and their signaling pathways under drought to regulate physiological and adaptive responses. Jasmonic acid (JA) is one of the major classes of phytohormones and has been found to potentially enhance plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including drought. The JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins are the negative regulators in the JA-signaling pathway. The JAZ protein family is explicit to plants and involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes, including drought-responsive mechanisms. In this review, we synthesize the mechanistic insight into the roles of JAZ proteins in regulation of drought responses by connecting the JA-signaling with abscisic acid-signaling to modulate drought-responsive physiological processes.
Hall and Ion Slip Impacts on Unsteady MHD Convective Flow of Ag-TiO2/WEG Hybrid Nanofluid in a Rotating Frame
Authors: Krishna M. Veera , Chamkha Ali J.
Published: October 2021

Background:

The radiative magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an incompressible
viscous electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially accelerated vertical surface
under the influence of slip velocity in a rotating frame taking Hall and ion slip impacts is discussed.

Methods:

Water and ethylene glycol mixture have been considered as a base fluid. A steady homogeneous
magnetic field is applied under the assumption of a low magnetic Reynolds number. The
ramped temperature and time-varying concentration at the surface are taken into consideration. The
first-order consistent chemical reaction and heat absorption are also regarded. Silver (Ag) and titania
(TiO2) nanoparticles are disseminated in base fluid water and ethylene glycol mixture to be formed a
hybrid nanofluid. The Laplace transformation technique is employed on the non-dimensional governing
equations for the closed form solutions.

Results:

The phrases for non-dimensional shear stresses, rates of heat, and mass transfer are also
evaluated. The graphical representations are presented to scrutinize the effects of physical parameters
on the significantflow characteristics. The computational values of the shear stresses, rates of heat
and mass transports near the surface are tabulated by a range of implanted parameters.

Conclusion:

The resultant velocity grows by an increase in thermal and concentration buoyancy
forces, Hall and ion-slip parameters, whereas rotation and slip parameters have overturn outcome on
them. The temperature of hybrid Ag-TiO2/WEG nanofluid is relatively superior to that of Ag-WEG
nanofluid. Species concentration of hybrid Ag-TiO2/WEG nanofluid decreases due to an increase in
Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter.
A Newly Discovered Relation between the Critical Resolved Shear Stress and the Fatigue Endurance Limit for Metallic Materials
Authors: Mlikota M.
Published: October 2021

The chapter introduces a valuable new description of fatigue strength in relation to material properties and thus a new perspective on the overall understanding of the fatigue process. Namely, a relation between the endurance limits and the accompanying values of the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for various metallic materials has been discovered by means of a multiscale approach for fatigue simulation. Based on the uniqueness of the relation, there is a strong indication that it is feasible to relate the endurance limit to the CRSS and not to the ultimate strength, as often done in the past.
The Implementation of The Pjbl Method Assisted by Padlet on Environmental Pollution Material on Student Science Literature
Authors: Arfiani Yuni , Hayati Muriani Nur , Anwar Ikhza Khaerul
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to 1) determine the effect of learning using the PjBL model assisted by Padlet on environmental pollution material on student literacy, and 2) find out the student responses toward the learning using the PjBL model assisted by Padlet on environmental pollution material on students scientific literacy. The research used a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Posttest control group design. The sample selection techniques used Purpose Sampling, both Experiment and control class. Data collection techniques were questionnaires, documentation, and tests. Data analysis used the Independent Sample T-Test and the coefficient of determination. The finding showed that the treatment of the research subject was the class. In the experimental class, the pretest score was 71.79 and the posttest score was 75.94. Meanwhile, in the control class, the pretest score was 60.27 and the posttest score was 66.53. The N-Gain value was 0.35 in the Experiment class and 0.31 in the control class, so it was in the medium category. In short, the implementation of the PjBl model assisted by Padlet on environmental pollution material affects students' scientific literacy by 4.6%.
Pertinencia del Programa de Administración de Empresas virtual de CECAR a partir del análisis prospectivo del desempeño de sus graduados
Authors: Jiménez Paternina Lucimio , Viloria Sequeda Andrés , Flórez Gutiérrez Alfredo
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación se plantea como objetivo analizar prospectivamente el desempeño de los graduados del programa de Administración de Empresas en la Modalidad Virtual, ofrecido por la Corporación Universitaria del Caribe, CECAR. Con el estudio se diagnostica la pertinencia social del programa en cuanto al desempeño potencial de sus graduados en el medio social y económico. Se fundamenta desde el punto de vista epistemológico y teórico, a partir de los autores que han hecho sus aportes al desarrollo de la prospectiva como estrategia de planeación estratégica organizacional.
An Overview of Osteoporosis Management
Authors:   The Reading Hospital/Tower Health, Jiang Nathan S. ,   Departments of ObGyn, Reading, PA, US, Newton Byron ,   The Reading Hospital/Tower Health; Departments of ObGyn, Reading, PA, US, Jiang Xuezhi ,   The Reading Hospital/Tower Health; Departments of ObGyn, Reading, PA, US,   Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University; Departments of ObGyn, Philadelphia, PA, US,   Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, US
Published: October 2021

Osteoporosis is one of the most common disorders around the world. Osteoporotic fracture especially hip fracture are associated with an increased mortality rate in elders. However, elders with osteoporosis or at high risk of fractures remain largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. The screening, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis must be improved to maintain pace with its fast-growing prevalence. This review will cover risk factors of osteoporosis, screening and diagnosis tools, newfound advancements, current medical treatments including options for special populations of concern, and future research directions.
Ad Libitum Western Diet Feeding Does Not Alter Basal Skeletal Muscle Heat Shock Protein Expression in Sedentary or Aerobically Trained Young Rats
Authors:   Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, USA, Schulze Alex T. Von , Merwe Marie van der ,   University of Memphis, College of Health Sciences, Roane Fieldhouse, Memphis, TN, USA, Touchberry Chad D. ,   University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO, USA, Bloomer Richard J. ,   University of Memphis, College of Health Sciences, Roane Fieldhouse, Memphis, TN, USA
Published: October 2021

Poor dietary habits can lead to obesity and insulin resistance—both of which can impair basal heat shock protein (HSP) expression and the HSP stress response in skeletal muscle. It remains unclear if impairments in HSP expression occur during the early stages of diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction. We determined if basal HSP expression (HSP70, HSP60, HSP25) was impaired in sedentary or exercised rats following the onset of diet-induced obesity. Male Long-Evans rats (N=6-7/group) were assigned to a Western diet (WD) or purified diet (PD). Animals were divided into sedentary (WD and PD) or exercise-trained (WD+Ex and PD+Ex) groups and fed ad libitum for 12-weeks. WD animals displayed higher body mass, fat mass, blood glucose, and HOMA-IR scores compared to PD (p<0.05). Exercise attenuated elevations in HOMA-IR and body mass for WD+Ex (p>0.05) but did not prevent elevations in fat mass or blood glucose when compared to controls. Basal HSP (HSP70, HSP60, HSP25) expression was not impaired in sedentary WD animals when compared to PD (p>0.05) or when WD+Ex was compared to PD+Ex (p>0.05). Exercise training elevated HSP70 expression in the gastrocnemius muscle (GAST) (p<0.05), but not in the soleus (SOL) (p>0.05) in WD+Ex and PD+Ex animals. HSP60 and pHSP25 were unaffected by exercise training (GAST and SOL, p>0.05). The onset of diet-induced obesity does not impair skeletal muscle HSP expression in sedentary or exercised animals. Thus, obesity and symptomology of metabolic dysfunction may occur before reductions in skeletal muscle HSP expression.
Digital Health Literacy in Bipolar Disorder: International Web-Based Survey
Authors: Morton Emma , Ho Kendall , Barnes Steven J , Michalak Erin E
Published: October 2021

Background

Web-based resources can support people with bipolar disorder (BD) to improve their knowledge and self-management. However, publicly available resources are heterogeneous in terms of their quality and ease of use. Characterizing digital health literacy (the skillset that enable people to navigate and make use of health information in a web-based context) in BD will support the development of educational resources.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop understanding of digital health literacy and its predictors in people with BD.

Methods

A web-based survey was used to explore self-reported digital health literacy (as measured by the e-Health Literacy Scale [eHEALS]) in people with BD. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate potential predictors, including demographic/clinical characteristics and technology use.

Results

A total of 919 respondents (77.9% female; mean age 36.9 years) completed the survey. Older age (β=0.09; P=.01), postgraduate education (β=0.11; P=.01), and current use of self-management apps related to BD (β=0.13; P<.001) were associated with higher eHEALS ratings.

Conclusions

Levels of self-reported digital health literacy were comparable or higher than other studies in the general population and specific physical/mental health conditions. However, individuals with BD who are younger, have completed less education, or are less familiar with mental health apps may require extra support to safely and productively navigate web-based health resources. Relevant educational initiatives are discussed. Future studies should evaluate skill development interventions for less digitally literate groups.
Digital Health Literacy in Bipolar Disorder: International Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Morton Emma , Ho Kendall , Barnes Steven J , Michalak Erin E
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Web-based resources can support people with bipolar disorder (BD) to improve their knowledge and self-management. However, publicly available resources are heterogeneous in terms of their quality and ease of use. Characterizing digital health literacy (the skillset that enable people to navigate and make use of health information in a web-based context) in BD will support the development of educational resources.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop understanding of digital health literacy and its predictors in people with BD.

METHODS

A web-based survey was used to explore self-reported digital health literacy (as measured by the e-Health Literacy Scale [eHEALS]) in people with BD. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate potential predictors, including demographic/clinical characteristics and technology use.

RESULTS

A total of 919 respondents (77.9% female; mean age 36.9 years) completed the survey. Older age (β=0.09; P=.01), postgraduate education (β=0.11; P=.01), and current use of self-management apps related to BD (β=0.13; P<.001) were associated with higher eHEALS ratings.

CONCLUSIONS

Levels of self-reported digital health literacy were comparable or higher than other studies in the general population and specific physical/mental health conditions. However, individuals with BD who are younger, have completed less education, or are less familiar with mental health apps may require extra support to safely and productively navigate web-based health resources. Relevant educational initiatives are discussed. Future studies should evaluate skill development interventions for less digitally literate groups.
Verifying the Feasibility of Implementing Semantic Interoperability in Different Countries Based on the OpenEHR Approach: Comparative Study of Acute Coronary Syndrome Registries (Preprint)
Authors: Min Lingtong , Atalag Koray , Tian Qi , Chen Yani , Lu Xudong
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The semantic interoperability of health care information has been a critical challenge in medical informatics and has influenced the integration, sharing, analysis, and use of medical big data. International standard organizations have developed standards, approaches, and models to improve and implement semantic interoperability. The openEHR approach—one of the standout semantic interoperability approaches—has been implemented worldwide to improve semantic interoperability based on reused archetypes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to verify the feasibility of implementing semantic interoperability in different countries by comparing the openEHR-based information models of 2 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) registries from China and New Zealand.

METHODS

A semantic archetype comparison method was proposed to determine the semantics reuse degree of reused archetypes in 2 ACS-related clinical registries from 2 countries. This method involved (1) determining the scope of reused archetypes; (2) identifying corresponding data items within corresponding archetypes; (3) comparing the semantics of corresponding data items; and (4) calculating the number of mappings in corresponding data items and analyzing results.

RESULTS

Among the related archetypes in the two ACS-related, openEHR-based clinical registries from China and New Zealand, there were 8 pairs of reusable archetypes, which included 89 pairs of corresponding data items and 120 noncorresponding data items. Of the 89 corresponding data item pairs, 87 pairs (98%) were mappable and therefore supported semantic interoperability, and 71 pairs (80%) were labeled as “direct mapping” data items. Of the 120 noncorresponding data items, 114 (95%) data items were generated via archetype evolution, and 6 (5%) data items were generated via archetype localization.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of the semantic comparison between the two ACS-related clinical registries prove the feasibility of establishing the semantic interoperability of health care data from different countries based on the openEHR approach. Archetype reuse provides data on the degree to which semantic interoperability exists when using the openEHR approach. Although the openEHR community has effectively promoted archetype reuse and semantic interoperability by providing archetype modeling methods, tools, model repositories, and archetype design patterns, the uncontrolled evolution of archetypes and inconsistent localization have resulted in major challenges for achieving higher levels of semantic interoperability.
Effect of the Nutraceutical Micodigest 2.0 on the Complication Rate of Colorectal Cancer Surgery With Curative Intent: Protocol for a Placebo-Controlled Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Regueiro Cristina , Codesido Laura , García-Nimo Laura , Zarraquiños Sara , Remedios David , Rodríguez-Blanco Arturo , Sinde Esteban , Fernández-de-Ana Catalina , Cubiella Joaquín
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Most colorectal cancer patients diagnosed are candidates for surgical resection with curative intent, although colorectal surgery is associated with some complications that could be life-threatening. Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used for the prevention of infectious postoperative complications. However, this intervention can change the composition of intestinal microbiota and promote adverse inflammatory outcomes in colorectal cancer patients. The combination of different fungal extracts could be beneficial because of their role in gut microbiota modulation and their anti-inflammatory activity.

OBJECTIVE

Based on this hypothesis, we have designed a double-bind, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of the nutraceutical fungal extract Micodigest 2.0 on complications of surgery for colorectal cancer resection.

METHODS

Colorectal cancer candidates for surgery will be considered for inclusion in the study. After evaluation by the multidisciplinary tumor board, patients who meet selection criteria will be screened, stratified according to tumor location, and randomly allocated to be treated with Micodigest 2.0 or placebo. Treatment will be continued until admission for surgery (4-6 weeks). Participants will undergo a medical and clinical evaluation including baseline and preadmission quality of life, microbiome composition, inflammatory and nutritional status, adverse events, and adherence assessments. The main end point of the study is the surgery complication rate. We will evaluate complications using the Clavien-Dindo classification. It will be necessary to recruit 144 patients to find a relevant clinical difference. We will also evaluate the effect of the nutraceutical on microbiome composition, inflammatory response, nutritional status, and quality of life, as well as the effect of these variables on surgical complications.

RESULTS

This study was funded in 2020 by the Center for Industrial Technology Development. Recruitment began in September 2021 and is expected to be completed in September 2022. Data will be analyzed and the results will be disseminated in 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this protocol study could help to reduce surgery complications in patients with colorectal cancer using the new treatment Micodigest. This study could also identify new features associated with colorectal surgery complications. In summary, this study trial could improve the management of colorectal cancer patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials.gov NCT04821258; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04821258

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/34292
Fibroblast growth factor 23 and Klotho protein: assessment of the role in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Karlovich N.V. , Mokhort T.V.
Published: October 2021

Background. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is universal complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the likelihood of which increases as renal function decreases. Currently, SHPT is considered in the context of mineral and bone disorders associated with CKD. Mineral and bone disorders associated with CKD include, in addition to SHPT, disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, bone pathology and metastatic calcification, which determine poor outcomes of the disease. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the serum concentrations of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 and Klotho protein in patients with various stages of CKD and their relationship with SHPT, vitamin D levels, and calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with varying degrees of decreased renal function. Materials and methods. Serum concentrations of FGF 23, Klotho protein, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH)D, calcium and phosphorus were evaluated in 229 patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease and in 40 people without signs of CKD. Results. It has been shown that individuals with CKD are characterized by overproduction of humoral phosphatonin FGF 23 and Klotho deficiency, which increase as renal failure worsens. A significant relationship was established between FGF 23 and the levels of PTH and blood phosphorus; Klotho protein — with the patient’s age and serum vitamin D. An early marker of disorders in the FGF 23-Klotho system is a decrease in the Klotho protein concentration, which occurs in the early stages of CKD and is aggravated with the progression of renal failure. A statistically significant overproduction of FGF 23 associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism was registered in patients with glomerular filtration rate less than 35 ml/min/1.73 m2. Conclusions. An early marker of disorders in the FGF 23-Klotho system is a decrease in the concentration of the Klotho protein, which occurs in the early stages of CKD and is aggravated with the progression of renal fai-lure. The relationship between Klotho deficiency and the formation of SHPT has not been found. As kidney function decreases, excess production of PTH and FGF 23 appears and increases, hyperphosphatemia progresses. This proves the pathogenetic relationship between the formation of SHPT and the overproduction of humoral phosphatonin FGF 23, since it is this glomerular filtration rate that determines the growth of PTH above the upper limit of the general population reference interval.
Racial Disparities in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation under the New Kidney Allocation System in the United States
Authors: Krissberg Jill R. , Kaufmann Matthew B. , Gupta Anshal , Bendavid Eran , Stedman Margaret , Cheng Xingxing S. , Tan Jane C. , Grimm Paul C. , Chaudhuri Abanti
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives

In December 2014, the Kidney Allocation System (KAS) was implemented to improve equity in access to transplantation, but preliminary studies in children show mixed results. Thus, we aimed to assess how the 2014 KAS policy change affected racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric kidney transplantation access and related outcomes.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We performed a retrospective cohort study of children <18 years of age active on the kidney transplant list from 2008 to 2019 using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Log-logistic accelerated failure time models were used to determine the time from first activation on the transplant list and the time on dialysis to deceased donor transplant, each with KAS era or race and ethnicity as the exposure of interest. We used logistic regression to assess odds of delayed graft function. Log-rank tests assessed time to graft loss within racial and ethnic groups across KAS eras.

Results

All children experienced longer wait times from activation to transplantation post-KAS. In univariable analysis, Black and Hispanic children and other children of color experienced longer times from activation to transplant compared with White children in both eras; this finding was largely attenuated after multivariable analysis (time ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.32; time ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.28; and time ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.96 to 1.41 post-KAS, respectively). Multivariable analysis also showed that racial and ethnic disparities in time from dialysis initiation to transplantation in the pre-KAS era were mitigated in the post-KAS era. There were no disparities in odds of delayed graft function. Black and Hispanic children experienced longer times with a functioning graft in the post-KAS era.

Conclusions

No racial and ethnic disparities from activation to deceased donor transplantation were seen before or after implementation of the KAS in multivariable analysis, whereas time on dialysis to transplantation and odds of short-term graft loss improved in equity after the implementation of the KAS, without compromising disparities in delayed graft function.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_12_07_CJN06740521.mp3
Особенности применения лазерных деформографов классического и маятникого типов
Authors: Долгих Г.И. , Долгих С.Г. , Овчаренко В.В. , Чупин В.А. , Швец В.А. , Яковенко С.В.
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрены особенности применения лазерных деформографов маятникового и классического типов на примере регистрации гидроакустических колебаний, создаваемых на шельфе Японского моря низкочастотным гидроакустическим излучателем с центральной частотой 22 Гц. При анализе полученных экспериментальных данных установлены не только соотношения принимаемых амплитуд сейсмоакустических колебаний лазерными деформографами, но и определены примерные скорости распространения данных возмущений в верхнем слое земной коры.
Antibacterial Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized using Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.: A Green Approach to Combat Drug Resistance
Authors: Khatana Chainika , Kumar Ashwani , Alruways Mashael W. , Khan Nazam , Thakur Naveen , Kumar Dinesh , Kumari Amita
Published: October 2021

Microbial infections and antibiotic resistance are some of the prime factors that are ascribed to endanger human health. Several reports have highlighted that drug-resistant pathogens assist in the etiology of various chronic diseases and lead to fatality. The present study deciphered the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as therapeutics against selected bacterial strains. The plant-based technique was followed to synthesize ZnO NPs. The synthesis was confirmed with different techniques viz. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope (interplanar spacing at 0.126 nm), scanning electron microscope (flower-like structure), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antibacterial analysis revealed that ZnO NPs inhibited the growth of all tested strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) to a greater extent (MIC ranged between 0.013±0.004-0.0625±0 mg/mL) as compared with ZnO compound (Bulk material). In the present study, ZnO NPs were produced in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable way using a green process and can be used as a remedy for drug-resistant pathogens.
Lytic Enzymes of Aspergillus piperis as a Tool for Attacking Some Phytopathogenic Fungi In vitro with Special Reference to its Cytotoxicity
Authors: El-Debaiky Samah Abd El-Kader , El-Badry Anwer S.M.
Published: October 2021

The antagonistic activity of Aspergillus piperis against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were examined and showed multiple signs of hyphal interactions. Microscopic examination of contact regions among A. piperis and each pathogen revealed distinct enzymatic lysis of pathogenic hyphal cell walls. Therefore, it is important to estimate the lytic enzyme activity of A. piperis. Extracellular lytic enzymes are important offensive forces for A. piperis as a biological control agent. Chitinase, phospholipase, and protease recorded relatively high activity from a culture age of 10 days (82.3, 42.4, and 6.2 U/ml, respectively). Enzymatic persistence was measured at room temperature, recording relatively long periods, saving 54%, 46%, and 21% of their activity, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the crude culture filtrate of A. piperis was examined in MCF7 and WI38 human cell lines. The cell viability (IC50) value of the fungal filtrate was estimated after 24 h and 48 h. The results revealed that IC50 values against the MCF7 cell line were inoperative after 24 h and were recorded 80 μg/ml after 48 h. In contrast, IC50 values against the WI38 cell line were 85.69 and 69.8 μg/ml after 24 and 48 h, respectively.
Lecture 6: Contemporary Research in Rhetoric/Persuasion
Authors: McCarron Gary
Published: October 2021

A separate strand of rhetoric’s development heads in a similar direction as Burke’s, but one that focuses specifically on the emergence of what might be seen as a rhetorical science. This lecture looks at the work of Harold Lasswell, Paul Lazarsfeld, Ernest Dichter, and others, who addressed the effects of persuasion through communication research.
Il y a une rhétorique distincte qui se développe dans une direction semblable à celle prise par Burke tout en se focalisant sur l’émergence de ce qu’on pourrait qualifier de science de la rhétorique. Ce cours porte sur l’œuvre d’Harold Lasswell, Paul Lazarsfeld, Ernest Dichter et d’autres qui ont étudié les effets de la persuasion en faisant de la recherche en communication.
Retrospective Medical Record Analysis on Frequent Disease of Collaboration: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gong Na-gyeong , Lee Hyeon-joo , Lee Chan , Hwang Jin-seub , Lee In
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to confirm the possibility of applying our design to the main study, a retrospective medical record analysis of the diseases which have most frequently been treated with collaborations of Korean and Western medicine, and to identify what corrections and statistical models are needed to conduct the main study.Methods: Data were collected from a case report form developed for patients who received treatment in the medical institutions. Appropriate statistical techniques, like Propensity Score (PS) and Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) models, were used to compare the indicators of collaboration and non-collaboration groups for patients in comparable diseases.Results: Using PS matching for each M and S disease group, the indicators were compared by balancing the collaboration and non-collaboration group, and the GEE models compared indicators between groups in each disease over follow-up. Through this process we identified two limitations, insufficient samples and a large deviation of the follow-up period.Conclusion: This pilot study confirmed that the study design and case report form are applicable. The main study will be conducted by collecting sufficient samples and reflecting deviation of follow-up period.
The Utility of Routine Chest X-Ray on Korean Medicine Hospital Admission
Authors: Choi In-woo , Yoo Ho-ryong
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study was designed to analyze the utility of routine chest X-ray on Korean medicine hospital admission.Methods: The chest X-ray reports and medical records of 618 patients who were admitted to Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital from May 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Of the 618 patients newly hospitalized from May 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, 560 patients (excluding readmission) were analyzed. The mean age of 560 patients was 53.26±17.20 years. There were 52 patients with abnormal findings, and their mean age was 69.62±15.59 years. Many of these patients had chest symptoms and a history of chest disease. There was no case that showed a significant diagnostic result by chest X-ray examination.Conclusion: The diagnostic usefulness of routine chest X-rays in Korean medicine hospital admission is low. But this does not mean that there is no need to perform routine chest X-rays upon admission.
Network Analysis of Herbs that are Frequently Prescribed for Osteoporosis with a Focus on Oasis Platform Research
Authors: Shin Seon-mi , Ko Heung
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study analyzed, through network analysis and data mining analysis, the relationship between herbs used in osteoporosis prescriptions, diversified the analysis of osteoporosis-related prescriptions, and analyzed the combination of herbs used in osteoporosis-related prescriptions.Methods: The prescriptions used in osteoporosis treatment and experiments were established by conducting a full survey of the papers published by the OASIS site. A database for osteoporosis-related prescriptions was established, herbs were extracted, and the frequency of frequent herbs and prescriptions were investigated using Excel (MS offices ver. 2013). Using the freeware R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10), igraph, and arules package, network analysis was performed in the first second of prescription composition.Results: Among the osteoporosis-related prescriptions, the most studied prescriptions are as follows.: Yukmijihwang-tang (六味地黃湯) and Samul-tang (四物湯). In the osteoporosis prescription network, herbs with connection centrality, proximity centrality, mediation centrality, and eigenvector centrality appeared in the order of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Poria Sclerotium, Paeoniae Radix, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. After extracting the herbal combination network, including the corresponding herbs, and clustering it, it can be divided into drugs of the Yukmijihwang-tang (六味地黃湯) series and the Samul-tang (四物湯).Conclusions: This study could assist researchers in diversifyingy formula analysis in future studies. Moreover, the herbal combination used in osteoporosis prescriptions could be used to search for osteoporosis prescriptions in other databases or to create a new prescription.
A Case Report of a Patient with Guillain-Barre Syndrome Complaining of Limb Weakness and Facial Paralysis That Improved After Korean Medicine Treatment
Authors: Won Seo-young , Kim Hae-yoong , Kim Jeong-hui , Ryu Ju-young , Jung Eun-sun , Yoo Ho-ryong , Seol In-chan , Kim Yoon-sik
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study reports a case of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) in which the patient experienced improved limb weakness, facial paralysis, paresthesia, and systemic pain after Korean medicine treatment.Methods: A 25-year-old female patient diagnosed with GBS received the herbal medicine Banhasasim-tang Soft Ext., acupuncture, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and rehabilitation treatment. To confirm the change in symptoms, the manual muscle test (MMT), Korean Version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Yanagihara grading system (Y-score) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) were performed.Results: After Korean medicine treatment, there was a significant improvement in GBS-related clinical symptoms.Conclusions: Korean medicine treatment could be effective in improving symptoms of limb weakness, facial paralysis, paresthesia, and systemic pain related to GBS. However, this study has limitations as a case report, and more studies are needed.
Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation of the Quantum Fisher Information
Authors: Gacon Julien , Zoufal Christa , Carleo Giuseppe , Woerner Stefan
Published: October 2021

The Quantum Fisher Information matrix (QFIM) is a central metric in promising algorithms, such as Quantum Natural Gradient Descent and Variational Quantum Imaginary Time Evolution. Computing the full QFIM for a model withdparameters, however, is computationally expensive and generally requiresO(d2)function evaluations. To remedy these increasing costs in high-dimensional parameter spaces, we propose using simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation techniques to approximate the QFIM at a constant cost. We present the resulting algorithm and successfully apply it to prepare Hamiltonian ground states and train Variational Quantum Boltzmann Machines.
Influence of hosts on the production of bioactive compounds in the hemiparasitic plant Helicanthes elasticus
Authors: Ajithkumar T.G. , Thomas Sinjumol , Mathew Lizzy
Published: October 2021

Helicanthes elasticus growing on six different hosts produced different gas chromatograph profiles indicating the influence of host on the metabolite production of parasite. 1,2,3‑benzenetriol (pyrogallol) and methyl‑3,4,5‑trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate), which were identified in all of the accessions were considered as gas chromatograph marker compounds of the methanolic extract of the parasite. Some assisted marked compounds obtained from this hemi-parasitic plant and their presence were found to differ among the hosts. Occurrence of various other active ingredients particular to the parasite collected from different hosts were also detected. UPGMA cluster analysis based on the 13 different compounds clearly showed the influence of host on the phytochemical production. Parasite-host interaction leads to phytochemical mosaicism in the selected hemiparasitic plant and such a phenomenon is highly significant for their utilization in various fields of the pharmaceutical industries.
Bæredygtighed er det næste store skridt i velfærdssamfundets udvikling
Authors: Hildebrandt Steen
Published: October 2021

Den lille bog fra 1945, Fremtidens Danmark, var Socialdemokratiets partiprogram til det første folketingsvalg efter Anden verdenskrig, og var i virkeligheden en drejebog for udviklingen af det velfærdssamfund, der blev skabt i Danmark i årene efter verdenskrigen. Det var en enestående samfundstænkning, der her blev udfoldet. Denne tænkning bidrog markant til udviklingen af det samfund, som Danmark er blevet – og er blevet berømt for. Men vi må erkende, at dette velfærdssamfund også er blevet et samfund, der på mange måder er et ikke-bæredygtigt samfund. Bæredygtighed har ikke været en eksplicit bestræbelse i det vækst-, produktions- og produktivitetsparadigme, der har karakteriseret årene efter Anden verdenskrig. Nu er den store udfordring at formulere en drejebog for udviklingen af et bæredygtigt velfærdssamfund. Hvordan ser et bæredygtigt velfærdssamfund, en bæredygtig kommune – og en bæredygtig verden ud? Hvordan ser fremtidens bæredygtige Danmark ud? Vi ved det ikke, men verdensmålene kan hjælpe os med at finde svarene på disse spørgsmål. Verdensmålene er en terminologi og en ramme for beskrivelsen og realiseringen af et nyt bæredygtigt samfund.
Tratamento do hemangioma capilar: relato de caso
Authors: Miranda Pagnocelli Rogério , Sant'Ana Filho Manoel
Published: October 2021

This essay presents a bibliograph review about capillary hemangioma bucal showing enphasis in our case of treatment for this benign tumor, illustrating our case in which a surgical excisional treatment was used.
Seropositividad a Toxocara spp. en estudiantes atópicos de la Universidad de los Llanos
Authors: Jaramillo-Hernández Dumar Alexander , Tobón-Borrero Luz Myriam , Herrera-Parra Oscar Javier , García-Castañeda Carolina
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Las exposiciones frecuentes o estacionales a helmintos que no provocan infecciones crónicas se asocian a un aumento de la inflamación alérgica, situación que podría extrapolarse a la toxocariasis humana. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la frecuencia de seropositivos a Toxocara spp. entre estudiantes atópicos y la relación entre atopia y seropositividad a Toxocara spp. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal donde por conveniencia se seleccionaron 90 estudiantes de los programas de Enfermería, Regencia en Farmacia y MVZ de la Universidad de los Llanos que según diligenciamiento del cuestionario ISAAC fase III se presume sufren de enfermedad atópica; para desarrollar en ellos la prueba de hipersensibilización alérgica cutánea (PHAC), utilizando extractos de Blomia tropicalis y Dermatophagoides pteronyssius. En los estudiantes positivos a esta prueba, se tomaron muestras sanguíneas para el recuento de eosinófilos e inmunoensayo in-house para IgG anti-Toxocara spp. Resultados: De los 90 estudiantes con antecedentes de enfermedad atópica, solo el 33,3% fueron positivos para uno o ambos ácaros del polvo en la PHAC y su recuento de eosinófilos en sangre fue normal 66,6%, medio 26,7% y moderado 6,7%. La frecuencia de seropositividad a Toxocara spp. fue del 73,3% (DO 1,009 cut-off). La OR entre atopia y seropositividad a Toxocara spp. fue 1,18 (IC95% 0,24-5,7). Discusión: Colombia es uno de los países con alta endemicidad de toxocariasis con prevalencias entre 40.4–54.4%, dato confirmado según la frecuencia de seropositivos a Toxocara spp. encontrada en personas atópicas en estudio. Conclusiones: No se encontró relación entre atopia y seropositividad a Toxocara spp.