bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved mask RCNN and cosine similarity using RGBD segmentation for Occlusion handling in Multi Object Tracking
Authors: Pratiwi Siti Hadiyan , Shaniya Putri , Jati Grafika , Jatmiko Wisnu
Published: March 2023

In this study, additional depth images were used to enrich the information in each image pixel. Segmentation, by its nature capable to process image up to pixel level. So, it can detect up to the smallest part of the object, even when it’s overlapped with another object. By using segmentation, the main goal is to be able to maintain the tracking process longer when the object starts to be occluded until it is severely occluded right before it is completely disappeared. Object tracking based on object detection was developed by modifying the Mask R-CNN architecture to process RGBD images. The detection results feature extracted using HOG, and each of them got compared to the target objects. The comparison was using cosine similarity calculation, and the maximum value of the detected object would update the target object for the next frame. The evaluation of the model was using mAP calculation. Mask R-CNN RGBD late fusion had a higher value by 5% than Mask R-CNN RGB. It was 68,234% and 63,668%, respectively. Meanwhile, the tracking evaluation uses the traditional method of calculating the id switching during the tracking process. Out of 295 frames, the original Mask R-CNN method had ten switching ID times. On the other hand, the proposed method Mask R-CNN RGBD had much better tracking results with switching ids close to 0. Keywords—Occlusion, RGBD, Mask R-CNN, Late fusion, Cosine similarity
Poetry Generation for Indonesian Pantun: Comparison Between SeqGAN and GPT-2
Authors: Siallagan Emmanuella Anggi , Alfina Ika
Published: March 2023

Pantun is a traditional Malay poem consisting of four lines: two lines of deliverance and two lines of messages. Each ending-line word in pantun forms an ABAB rhyme pattern. In this work, we compare the performance of Sequence Generative Adversarial Nets (SeqGAN) and Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) in automatically generating Indonesian pantun. We also created the first publicly available Indonesian pantun dataset that consists of 7.8K pantun. We evaluated how well each model produced pantun by its lexical richness and its formedness. We introduced the evaluation of pantun with two aspects: structure and rhyme. GPT-2 performs better with a margin of 29.40% than SeqGAN in forming the structure, 35.20% better in making rhyming patterns, and 0.04 difference in giving richer vocabulary to its generated pantun.
Embedded Deep Learning System for Classification of Car Make and Model
Authors: Wibisono Ari , Arief Wisesa Hanif , Bagus Wicaksono Satria , Khatya Fahira Puteri
Published: March 2023

Automatic car make, and model classification is essential to support activities of intelligent traffic systems in urban areas, such as surveillance, traffic information collection, statistics, etc. In order to classify this data, we need an embedded system approach for real-time car recognition. Many approaches could be made, from image processing to machine learning. Recently, the development of the Convolutional Neural Network has spurred various research in the Area. ResNet, Inception, DenseNet, and NasNet are some of the most commonly used Neural Network based method that is used to classify images. In this research, these Neural Network methods are going to be compared in classifying vehicle make and model in the Stanford dataset. The dataset contains 196 different labels. Several evaluation metrics are used to compare the performance of the methods. From the experiment, the InceptionV3 method achieved the best performance of the AUROC ratio for training the dataset under 50 epochs. Other methods that achieve a high AUROC value tends to have a higher computational time. Real-time simulations have shown that the embedded system is capable of classifying a 100 % success rate for six concurrent users.
Countermeasures for rural domestic wastewater based on ecological environment security: a case study of an MBR-integrated process based on the PVDF@ZrO2 flat membrane, China
Authors: Zhong Na , Kai Fan , Xu Liankui
Published: March 2023

The harmonious coexistence of humans and nature has reached a broad consensus in the world. Maintaining the health of the ecological environment is the foundation of the existence and development of human civilization, and is also the inevitable choice for human beings to deal with the global ecological environment crisis. As an important factor affecting ecological stability, rural domestic wastewater has been neglected and not treated effectively for a long time because of its special geographical location and development limitations. In this paper, an integrated process of an MBR was applied to rural domestic wastewater treatment, inside which the modified PVDF@ZrO2 membrane was used to replace the traditional PVDF membrane. A series of membrane analyses and project follow-ups have proven that the hydrophilicity, anti-fouling performance of the membrane, and the treated water quality were improved. Meanwhile, this research enlightens us to pay attention to the overall planning, the maintenance of the pipe network, and the stable investment of funds in the treatment of rural domestic wastewater.
Jakich przyjemności będzie doświadczał człowiek zbawiony? Stanowisko św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Authors: Płotka Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy przyjemności osób zbawionych, czyli przyjemności (zmysłowych i cielesnych), jakich zbawiony będzie doświadczał w stanie visio beatifica. Choć ze swej natury problem ten jest zagadnieniem teologicznym, wynikającym bezpośrednio z eschatologii chrześcijańskiej, to jednak w niniejszym artykule skupiono się na podstawowych problemach filozoficznych, jakie pojawiły się w badaniach Tomasza z Akwinu. Artykuł obejmuje trzy części. Pierwsza dotyczy ogólnej dyskusji Tomasza z Akwinu na temat przyjemności cielesnej w beatitudo. W szczególności zbadam argument Akwinaty, że przyjemność cielesna jest koniecznym elementem beatitudo i jest immanentna w szczęściu ostatecznym. W drugiej części artykułu przyjrzę się rozumieniu przez Tomasza statusu zmartwychwstałego ciała. Wreszcie w części trzeciej przedstawię poszczególne przyjemności cielesne, których prawdopodobnie doświadczy zbawiony człowiek.

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Zgłoszono: 09/05/2022. Zrecenzowano: 29/06/2022. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 16/09/2022.
Gunkel’s Deconstruction: Between the Fetish and the Need for a Dialectical Renewal
Authors: Chankowski Stanisław
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the essay is to critically analyze the influence of J. Derrida’s deconstruction on David J. Gunkel’s book Deconstruction (MIT Press 2021). Gunkel’s handbook is aimed at making deconstruction a tool of critical thinking accessible to non-professionals. It turns out that accomplishing this task comes at the expense of precisely the critical potential of deconstruction itself. Gunkel is well aware that his arguments are sometimes superficial and overlook deeper problems that should be addressed. Such a failure takes the form of a fetishistic denial, which in psychoanalysis is summarized by the formula “I know well, but all the same.” In turn, deconstruction itself, insofar as it is separated from Kant’s transcendental philosophy and Hegel’s dialectics, becomes an academic ideology. Restoring its proper subversive potential can only be done by returning to a philosophy of reflection, in which the thinker himself must ultimately consider his own position as an author and bring it under criticism. This is the path that Gunkel avoids, because he could then no longer be the author of a handbook on deconstruction, rather than someone who practices deconstruction.

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Received: 4/11/2022. Reviewed: 13/12/2022. Accepted: 20/12/2022.
(Gesichts)züge, Notation and Graphicness of Signs. Deconstruction in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Authors: Piekarski Michał
Published: March 2023

In this paper, I attempt to address some of the themes of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Tractatus logico-philosophicus with the aim of their deconstructionist interpretation. My analysis is based on David Gunkel’s book Deconstruction (MIT Press 2021). Based on some of its findings, I show how the Tractatus allows deconstruction and its practice to be thought. I show that the graphic structure of signs is crucial for the young Wittgenstein’s analysis and that it justifies the metaphysical findings in favor of which he argues.

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Received:11/09/2022. Reviewed: 17/11/2022. Accepted: 1/12/2022.
Application of Nanoparticles for Efficient Delivery of Quercetin in
Cancer Cells
Authors: Homayoonfal Mina , Aminianfar Azadeh , Asemi Zatollah , Yousefi Bahman
Published: March 2023

Quercetin (Qu, 3,5,7,3’, 4’-pentahydroxyflavanone) is a natural polyphenol
compound abundantly found in health food or plant-based products. In recent decades,
Qu has gained significant attention in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutic industries
owning to its wide beneficial therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
and anticancer activities. Despite the favorable roles of Qu in cancer therapy due to its
numerous impacts on the cell signaling axis, its poor chemical stability and bioavailability,
low aqueous solubility as well as short biological half-life have limited its clinical application.
Recently, drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology have been developed
to overcome such limitations and enhance the Qu biodistribution following administration.
Several investigations have indicated that the nano-formulation of Qu enjoys
more remarkable anticancer effects than its free form. Furthermore, incorporating Qu in
various nano-delivery systems improved its sustained release and stability, extended its
circulation time, enhanced its accumulation at target sites, and increased its therapeutic efficiency.
The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the anticancer
properties of various Qu nano-formulation to augment their effects on different
malignancies. Various targeting strategies for improving Qu delivery, including nanoliposomes,
lipids, polymeric, micelle, and inorganic nanoparticle NPs, have been discussed
in this review. The results of the current study illustrated that a combination of appropriate
nano encapsulation approaches with tumor-oriented targeting delivery might lead to
establishing QU nanoparticles that can be a promising technique for cancer treatment.
Hypoglycemic Effect of Trichosanthes pericarpium to Type 2 Model
Diabetic Mice via Intestinal Bacteria Transplantation
Authors: Wang Yidi , Yuan Huaibo , Wang Suisui , Zeng Tingting
Published: March 2023

Background:

The treatment of diabetes with plant ingredients such as in Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an alternative to classical chemotherapy.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the hypoglycemic effect of Trichosanthes pericarpium powder
(TP) and intestinal bacteria transplantation in type 2 diabetic mice. The relationship between
intestinal bacteria transplantation and improvement in insulin resistance was also investigated.

Methods:

The polyphenols and terpenoids in the TP were identified by LC-MS/MS. Streptozotocin
was used to induce a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic mice were treated with different
doses of TP and the intestinal bacteria obtained from the high-dose TP group for four weeks.

Results:

As a result, FBG levels were found to be significantly reduced in diabetic mice, weight
gain and organ enlargement were alleviated, and insulin resistance was significantly improved. TP
administration also improved the disorder in intestinal bacteria in diabetic mice. Besides, TP can
increase the liver AMPK, SIRT1, GLUT1, and GLUT4 gene expression, while down-regulated
PEPCK and G6Pase gene expression suggest a potential mechanism for hypoglycemia in diabetic
mice.

Conclusion:

Oral administration of Trichosanthes pericarpium powder in the treatment of diabetes
may be achieved by restoring hepatic function, improving insulin resistance, and the dynamic
balance of intestinal bacteria.
Formulation and Characterisation of Fluconazole Loaded MCM-41 Powder
for Topical Drug Delivery
Authors: Goswami Ankita Umesh , Raval Mihir , Sheth Navin
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

The use of common carriers like talc for topical drug delivery leads to diminished
efficacy as a result of poor aqueous solubility and low dissolution rate. The objective of this study was to
improve the efficiency of fluconazole topical dosage form using MCM-41 as a carrier material. The aim
was to load fluconazole in carriers like MCM-41 as well as ß-Cyclodextrin and to compare the prepared
powder formulation with the marketed formulations.

Methods:

Fluconazole complex was formulated with the use of MCM-41 and ß-CD as carriers in different
proportions by melt, solvent evaporation and kneading method. The complex was developed into a powder
formulation. These formulations were subjected to in vitro anti-fungal activity tests on candida albicans.

Results:

The inclusion compound was characterised by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), and FTIR. The optimised method of preparation determined by in vitro dissolution
was the melt method. The optimised formulation was then subjected to anti-fungal activity test.
Formulation B containing MCM-41 as the bulk excipient had better performance than the marketed formulation;
it showed 92.95 ± 0.33% CDR compared to 74.96 ± 0.47% CDR at the end of 1 hour and increased
moisture adsorption.

Conclusion:

Thus, a fluconazole topical formulation with improved drug dissolution and moisture adsorption
was designed. From in vitro tests, it was seen that the prepared formulation had better performance
compared to the commercial formulation against skin mycotic infections and could be used for its
treatment.
Industrial Processing of Commercially Significant Enzymes
Authors: Vimal Archana , Sharma Gauresh
Published: March 2023

Enzymes are highly specific and highly sensitive biocatalyst proteins that play
important roles in various life processes. As they are proteins, thus, they are composed of
amino acids joined together to form chains. These amino acids are linked by peptide
bonds that form between the amino-terminal and carboxylic end. There is the multifaceted
application of enzymes in various sectors that include food, textile, paints, pharmaceuticals,
leather, oil industries, etc. There is a wide range of sources available for the extraction
of enzymes. The commercially important enzymes are generally harvested from
microbial sources. Some enzymes are produced extracellularly while some enzymes are
produced intracellularly. The production of this bioactive compound could be enhanced
by applying suitable optimization techniques, genetic engineering tools, and other modern
techniques. One of the major challenges in the commercial production of enzymes is
their extraction in pure form without losing their properties. Extraction of enzymes starts
from upstream processing that mainly includes two types of fermentation; one is submerged
fermentation and another one is solid-state fermentation. After upstream processing,
downstream processing is followed which includes cell disruption, filtration,
sedimentation and centrifugation, flocculation and coagulation, and chromatography.
Then, enzyme purification strategies are followed (salting-out method, dialysis, gel filtration,
ion-exchange chromatography, gel electrophoresis. The purpose of down streaming
is to purify and concentrate the enzyme from the complex bulk matrix. A significant
amount of total production cost is contributed by downstream processing. The review
discusses the industrial importance of enzymes and their downstream processing techniques
economically and sustainably.
Misery of Long Haulers of COVID-19 - A Review
Authors: Pragi  , Kumar Varun , Garg Deepak
Published: March 2023

Background:

Early in December 2019, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, had an epidemic
of the Coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19), which was brought on by a brand-new severe
acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The epidemic was deemed a Public
Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on January 30,
2020. Many governments have implemented a range of control measures as a result of perceived
illness risk.

Objectives:

The pandemic revealed that COVID-19 affects a variety of organs in addition to the
lungs, including the heart and brain, raising the risk of long-term health consequences. The illness
can affect someone's health even after recovery in a variety of ways. The long-term effects of
COVID-19 on locals are still being researched. The objective is to compile knowledge regarding
the virus and the present Post pandemic complications in Long Haulers.

Methods:

We reviewed the body of publicly available literature. To discover publications published
between December 2019 and October 2020, we conducted a systematic search utilizing the
keywords in online databases such as Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct, Up to Date, and Web of
Science. The review includes peer-reviewed original publications published that matched the qualifying
requirements.

Results:

Although the majority of patients recovered quickly after receiving COVID-19, the possibility
of long-term issues induced by COVID-19 necessitates the search for and research of its late
consequences. This article aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of COVID-19 late complications
in order to determine how prevalent these symptoms are and who is most likely to be impacted.

Conclusion:

There are a number of difficulties with the COVID-19 pandemic that has yet to be resolved.
Review of the literature reported several long-lasting clinical problems that affect different
phases of health, including chronic fatigue, reduced physical capacity, muscle weakness, increased
depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and sleep problems. A complete turndown in
quality of life has been observed even one year after major Coronavirus outbreaks.

:

The pandemic revealed that COVID-19 affects a variety of organs in addition to the lungs, including
the heart and brain, raising the risk of long-term health consequences even after years making
them to be “Long Haulers”.

:

The causal agent, pathogenesis, immunological responses, epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy, and
management of the disease, as well as control and preventive efforts, are all included in this review
of the literature.
Biocompatible Composites and Applications
Authors: Lakhane Madhuri , Mahabole Megha
Published: March 2023

In this chapter, the low-cost, biodegradable absorbents are developed for wastewater treatment. At first, the modification of the procured nano ZSM-5 is executed by means of dealumination and ion exchange process to have de-laminated (D-ZSM-5), Cu-ZSM-5 and Fe-ZSM-5. Furthermore, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are mixed with modified zeolites with varying concentrations (20 and 80 wt%) used for the fabrication of innovative composite films ((D-ZSM-5, Cu-ZSM-5 and Fe-ZSM-5). FTIR, XRD, BETCO2, TGA, and SEM type of characterization techniques are used for the analysis of composites. The prepared composite films are exploited for cationic Rhodamine B (Rh6B) and anionic Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) dye elimination by the activity of adsorption. The effect of contact time, initial dye concentration and pH on the dyes’ adsorption in aqueous buffer solutions is examined. The equilibrium adsorption data are estimated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm is deemed to be the best-fitting model and the process (kinetics and mechanism) follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, yielding an uppermost adsorption capacity of 34 mg/g, and 16.55 mg/g which is comparable to plane CNF (8.7mg/g) and (0.243mg/g) for cationic Rh6B dye and anionic RB4 dye respectively. Maximum dye removal is observed for a higher amount of (80% ZSM-5) film. The study reveals that ZSM-5/ CNFs films can potentially be used for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 
Polymer Nanocomposite Technologies Designed for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Nair Praseetha P.
Published: March 2023

The combination of polymer composite technology and nanotechnology
leads to the design of polymer nanocomposites. They represent a novel alternative class
of materials to traditional composites with versatile properties which are suitable for
biomedical applications. The addition of nanofillers to polymer composites enhances
their mechanical and biological characteristics. The enhancement in various properties
depends on the polymer matrix, filler, and matrix-filler interaction. The major issue
faced in biomedical research during product development is the lack of
biocompatibility and biodegradability. The primary factor that has to be considered for
composite development is the proper choice of materials. There is a growing demand
for the design of personalized medicine with the outbreak of many chronic ailments
and genetic disorders. The properties of polymer nanocomposites can be customized
for various biomedical applications. The characteristic features of supramolecular
nanocomposites which act as smart materials with tuned properties can be exploited for
tissue engineering, responsive drug and hormone delivery, regenerative medicine,
bioimaging, ocular, dental and orthopedic applications. Many hybrid biopolymer
composites which exhibit promising biomedical applications are developed by
researchers. Their properties can be tailored for making biomedical devices also. This
chapter highlights a brief but focused overview of biomedical applications of bio-based
polymer nanocomposites, carbon-based polymer nanocomposites, metal-organic
framework/polymer nanocomposites, shape memory polymer nanocomposites,
hydrogels, self-healing polymer nanocomposites and stimuli responsive polymer
nanocomposites.
An Emerging Avenue of Nanomaterials Manufacturing and Prospectives
Authors: Dutta Binita
Published: March 2023

Nanotechnology is a perfect blend of science, engineering, and technology conducted on a nano-scale. Few nanomaterials can occur naturally, however, in recent times, we are interested in engineered nanomaterials which can be manufactured according to their applicability in a lot of commercial products and processes. For the synthesis of new nanomaterials, scientists mostly opt the bottom-up methods which are capable of offering various kinds of self-assembly of nanoscale species. Parallelly, topdown methods are also being investigated to yield desired nanomaterials and nanopatterns through state-of-art modern techniques like lithographic ablation and chemical etching. In this chapter, after providing an introduction to nanotechnology and nanomaterials, the various methods of nanomaterial synthesis were discussed. Nanotechnology is now being explored vastly to reach the next generation phase of many technologies and industrial sectors. Contributions of nanomaterials to some of such emerging technologies, like the food industry, agricultural science, medicinal science, and the power sector have been briefly overviewed. The rapidly developing sectors involving ultrafine nanoparticles introduced mankind to their hazardous side too. To avoid nanotoxicity, the awareness and related risk management approach are also a matter of utmost importance.
Support Vector Machine
Authors: Chopra Deepti , Khurana Roopal
Published: March 2023

Support Vector Machine (SVM) may be defined as a machine learning
algorithm that can be used for regression and classification. It is generally used for
classification purposes. In this chapter, we will discuss Margin and Large Margin
Methods and Kernel Methods. 
Bias and Fairness in Ml
Authors: Chopra Deepti , Khurana Roopal
Published: March 2023

In machine learning and AI, future predictions are based on past
observations, and bias is based on prior information. Harmful biases occur because of
human biases which are learned by an algorithm from the training data. In the previous
chapter, we discussed training versus testing, bounding the testing error, and VC
dimension. In this chapter, we will discuss bias and fairness.
Samoprocjena digitalne pismenosti studenata medicine u Rijeci prije i tijekom pandemije COVID-19
Authors: Mrak Maja , Mavrinac Martina , Mrak Bernard , Mrak Bernarda , Belčić Sara
Published: March 2023

Cilj: Procijeniti razinu digitalne pismenosti (DP) studenata prije i tijekom pandemije te ispitati promjenu razine DP-a kod studenata uslijed pandemije. Nadalje, ispitati postoji li razlika u DP-u između studenata koji su volontirali u bolničkom COVID centru i studenata koji nisu volontirali. Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 150 studenata kliničkih godina Integriranog preddiplomskog i diplomskog sveučilišnog studija medicine u Rijeci. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 114 ženskih i 35 muških ispitanika, u dobi od 22 do 28 godina (medijan 24 godine). Ukupno 56 ispitanika volontiralo je tijekom izvedbe hibridne nastave u COVID infocentru i/ili bolničkom COVID centru. Studenti su anonimno i dobrovoljno ispunjavali online upitnik. Rezultati: Ispitanici su DP prije pandemije ocijenili prosječnom ocjenom 3,81 (SD = 0,89), a tijekom pandemije 4,07 (SD = 0,84). Većina ispitanika smatra da novi modeli nastave nisu pridonijeli njihovoj pismenosti (P < 0,001). T-testom utvrđeno je da su studenti tijekom pandemije bilježili napredak svojih digitalnih vještina, u odnosu na pretpandemijsko razdoblje (P > 0,05). Kod studenata koji nisu volontirali razlika u DP-u nije statistički značajna P = 0,06, dok je kod studenata koji su volontirali došlo do poboljšanja DP-a tijekom pandemije (P = 0,038). Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju porast razine samoprocjene DP-a u skupini studenata, međutim studenti ne povezuju poboljšanje DP-a s online nastavom. S druge strane, vidljiv je značajan porast razine DP-a u studenata koji su volontirali za vrijeme pandemije COVID-19 u odnosu na one koji nisu volontirali.
Calculations of relativistic, correlation, nuclear and quantum-electrodynamics corrections to the energies and ionization potentials of the ground state of lithium-like ions
Authors: Bezborodov S. V.  , Tupitsyn I. I.  , Malyshev A. V.  , Mironova D. V.  , Shabaev V. M.
Published: March 2023

This paper presents all the leading contributions to the relativistic binding energies and ionization potentials of the ground state of lithium-like ions with a nuclear charge in the range Z=3-20. Correlation, relativistic and quantum-electrodynamics corrections as well as the contributions due to the finite size of the nucleus (the field shift) and finite mass of the nucleus (the recoil effect) are evaluated. Relativistic calculations are performed by means of the configuration-interaction method in the basis of the Dirac-Fock-Sturm orbitals using the Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian. Keywords: Li-like ions, ionization potential, relativistic calculations, configuration interaction, electron correlations, Breit interaction, field shift, nuclear recoil effect, QED corrections
Influence of photon-phonon interaction on the optical properties of aluminum powder
Authors: Kiselev A I  , Shevchenko V G.  , Konyukova A.V.
Published: March 2023

By comparing the simulated and experimental optical conductivity, the electronic structure of the aluminum film and powder at room temperature was studied. The main attention is paid to the region of the optical conductivity spectrum at absorbed photon energies above 1.3 eV. It is assumed that in this section the form of the optical conductivity spectrum of aluminum powder is largely determined by the processes of heat release during photon-phonon interaction. From a comparison of the electronic characteristics of the spectra of the film and aluminum powder, the lower limits of the forbidden band of optical phonons of the metal-oxide interface are presumably established. Keywords: phonons, ellipsometry, optical properties of the film, electronic characteristics of optical transitions
Defects and energy transfer in Sr-=SUB=-9-=/SUB=-Lu(PO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-, doped with ions Pr-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=-
Authors: Trofimova E. S.  , Pustovarov V. A.  , Zatsepin A. F.
Published: March 2023

Luminescent properties of Sr9Lu(PO4)7 crystalline powders doped with Pr3+ ions upon excitation in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum are considered. in the temperature range 5-320 K, are considered.. In the photoluminescence spectra, an intense glow corresponding to radiative interconfigurational 5d->4f-electronic transitions, weak narrow lines of intra-configuration 4f->4f-transitions, and also the emission of two types of crystal structure defects, are observed, Under pulsed electronic excitation, the temporal characteristics of emission associated with an impurity center and defects and the temperature dependence of the luminescence yield were studied. The processes of energy transfer between defects and an impurity center are discussed. Keywords: 5d->4f luminescence, energy transfer, decay kinetics, ion Pr3+
Dielectric Measurements of Nanocrystalline VO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- : Fe Films
Authors: Ilinskiy A. V.  , Castro R. A.  , Klimov V. A.  , Kononov A. A.  , Shadrin E. B.
Published: March 2023

Dielectric spectroscopy methods revealed the existence of two types of relaxation processes in the semiconductor phase of VO2 : Fe films. The characteristic relaxation times are denoted by tau1 and tau2. It is shown that the temperature dependences of tau1 and tau2 have hysteresis, the position of the loops of which coincides with the points of the semiconductor-metal phase transition. in VO2 : Fe films. tau1 corresponds to undoped, and tau2 corresponds to Fe-doped nanocrystallites of the VO2 film. It is shown that the physical mechanism of the relaxation process is due to the establishment of equilibrium after the action of an electric field on conduction electrons. The numerical values of the parameters of the distribution of relaxers over relaxation times are determined. Keywords: dielectric measurements, correlation effects, vanadium dioxide, VO2, insulator-metal phase transition
Properties for the spectral parameters of intermolecular vibrations obtained using Raman scattering of light in dilute aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide and in the water
Authors: Kraiski  A. V.  , Melnik N. N.  , Kraiski A. A.
Published: March 2023

The spectra of Raman scattering (in the region 4-350 cm-1) of dilute aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide in a wide range of concentrations (from 3 to 0.024%), were measured. The spectral parameters of the high-frequency band of intermolecular (longitudinal) vibrations, obtained using the previously proposed approximating function, were analyzed. To do this, the spectral parameters of the band (for each experiment) were plotted on a diagram in which the abscissa axis is the square of the band width, and the ordinate axis is the square of the band frequency. Previously, it was shown that in such coordinates the water points are located in two regions separated by an inclined strip, in which spectral points (frequency gap) are practically absent. For points of hydrogen peroxide solutions with a concentration from 3 to 0.33%, all points are grouped near the straight line approximating them and are located below this frequency gap. For a series with extended range of peroxide concentrations from 3 to 0.024%, the scatter of points from the approximating straight line increases, but also most of the points are located below the gap. Of the rest of points, several points are near the edge of the gap, some of them are inside the gap, but the gap remains. It has been suggested that the presence of this gap is due to the fact that in the liquid phase some of the water molecules are bound to four neighbors, while the remaining molecules are bound to a smaller number of neighbors. Keywords: Raman scattering, hydrogen peroxide, water, intermolecular vibrations, high-frequency band, inhomogeneous distribution, frequency gap, destruction of high-frequency states.
Features of photoconductivity and luminescence of CdS thin films and Cd-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Zn-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-S solid solutions under laser excitation
Authors: Salmanov V. M.  , Guseinov A. G.  , Jafarov M. A.  , Mamedov R. M.  , Mamedova T. A.
Published: March 2023

The features of photoconductivity and luminescence of CdS thin films and Cd1-xZnxS solid solutions obtained by chemical pulverization with subsequent pyrolysis under laser excitation have been studied experimentally. Pulsed liquid (473-547 nm) and nitrogen (337 nm) lasers were used as a radiation source. An experimental study was made of the photoconductivity and photoluminescence spectra of Cd1-xZnxS thin films depending on the composition x at different excitation intensities and the relaxation curves of nonequilibrium photoconductivity. It is shown that the observed features in the photoconductivity and photoluminescence spectra of Cd1-xZnxS thin films are due to direct band-to-band transitions. Amplification of light is observed at high intensities of optical excitation in thin CdS films. Keywords: Thin films CdS, Cd1-xZnxS, laser, photoconductivity spectra, photoluminescence
Peculiarities of light absorption in chirped one-dimensional photonic crystals
Authors: Gevorgyan A. H.  , Vanyushkin N. A.  , Efimov I.M.  , Golik S. S.  , Mkhitaryan S. A.  , Harutyunyan M. Z.  , Rafayelyan M. S.
Published: March 2023

The features of light absorption and localization in one-dimensional chirped photonic crystals (PCs) are studied. It is shown that although chirping leads to the loss of ideal periodicity, the integral over a wide spectral region light energy density practically does not change. We have shown that violation of the ideal periodic structure (chirping) can not only decrease the integral in the broad spectral region absorption, but also lead to an increase in this absorption in the PC, and this depends on the form of chirping and the form of modulation of the imaginary part of the dielectric permittivity. A study of the evolution of the absorption spectra when the chirping contrast is changed showed that at certain values of the chirping contrast, mini-zones of transmission appear in the photonic band gap, where significant absorption is observed. Keywords: chirped photonic crystals, absorption, light localization, coupled modes, chirping contrast, mini zone
Spectral variables selection in multivariate calibration of concentrations of C, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni and Cu in low-allow steels by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Belkov M.V.  , Borisevich D.A.  , Catsalap K.Y.  , Khodasevich M.A.
Published: March 2023

Multivariate calibrations of concentrations of C, Mn, Si, Cr, Ni and Cu have been developed by the partial least squares method for 31 to 39 standard samples of low-alloy steels using low-resolution emission spectra (190-440 nm, resolution 0.4 nm, step 0.1 nm). Three methods of spectral variables selection are considered: a method of ranking spectral variables by their correlation coefficient with the value of the calibrated parameter, a successive projection algorithm and an original modification of searching combination moving windows. The partial least squares model with the spectral variables selection by the method of the searching combination moving windows for C is quantitative: the root mean square error is 0.004%, the residual predictive deviation in the test dataset is 23.4 in the concentration range 0.13 to 0.43%. Calibrations of Mn (0.04% and 5.2 in the range of 0.47-1.15%), Si (0.003% and 20.7 in the range of 0.15-0.33%), Cr (0.04% and 3.1 in the range of 0.09-0.43%) and Ni (0.01% and 4.8 in the range of 0.05-0.25%) are also quantitative. For Cu in the concentration range of 0.06-0.26%, calibration is qualitative (0.04% and 1.4). Keywords: laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, multivariate calibration, partial least squares, low-alloy steels
Каскадный матричный усилитель электронного потока на основе умножителя-концентратора электронов
Authors: Ильичев Э.А. , Кулешов А.Е. , Минаков П.В. , Петрухин Г.Н. , Рычков Г.С. , Демидова А.Н. , Корляков Д.А.
Published: March 2023

The design and operation of a cascade matrix electron flow amplifier based on an electron concentrator multiplier is considered. Unlike classical microchannel plates, the proposed amplifier can provide a high density of output current, which also allows it to be used as a field cathode in vacuum microelectronics of giga and terahertz ranges.
A Telemedicine System Intervention for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Pilot Feasibility Crossover Intervention Study
Authors: Vlasakova Martina , Muzik Jan , Holubová Anna , Fiala Dominik , Arsand Eirik , Urbanová Jana , Janíčková Žďárská Denisa , Brabec Marek , Brož Jan
Published: March 2023

Background

Today’s diabetes-oriented telemedicine systems can gather and analyze many parameters like blood glucose levels, carbohydrate intake, insulin doses, and physical activity levels (steps). Information collected can be presented to patients in a variety of graphical outputs. Despite the availability of several technical means, a large percentage of patients do not reach the goals established in their diabetes treatment.

Objective

The objective of the study was to evaluate the benefits of the Diani telemedicine system for the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Data were collected during a 24-week feasibility study. Patients responded to the World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and a system evaluation questionnaire. The level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the patient’s body weight were measured, and the patient’s use of the telemedicine system and their daily physical activity level were monitored. All data were sent from the patient’s device to the Diani server using a real-time diabetes diary app. Wilcoxon and Friedman tests and the linear mixed effects method were used for data analysis.

Results

This study involved 10 patients (men: n=5; women: n=5), with a mean age of 47.7 (SD 19.3) years, a mean duration of diabetes of 10.5 (SD 8.6) years, and a mean HbA1c value of 59.5 (SD 6.7) mmol/mol. The median number of days the patients used the system was 84. After the intervention, the mean HbA1c decreased by 4.35 mmol/mol (P=.01). The patients spent 18.6 (SD 6.8) minutes on average using the app daily. After the intervention, the number of patients who measured their blood glucose level at least 3 times a day increased by 30%. The graphical visualization of the monitored parameters, automatic transmission of measured data from the glucometer, compatibility, and interconnection of individual devices when entering data were positively evaluated by patients.

Conclusions

The Diani system was found to be beneficial for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in terms of managing their disease. Patients perceived it positively; it strengthened their knowledge of diabetes and their understanding of the influences of the measured values on the management of their disease. Its use had a positive effect on the HbA1c level.
Performance-Based Measurement of eHealth Literacy: Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Crocker Bradley , Feng Olivia , Duncan Lindsay R
Published: March 2023

Background

eHealth literacy describes the ability to locate, comprehend, evaluate, and apply web-based health information to a health problem. In studies of eHealth literacy, researchers have primarily assessed participants’ perceived eHealth literacy using a short self-report instrument, for which ample research has shown little to no association with actual performed eHealth-related skills. Performance-based measures of eHealth literacy may be more effective at assessing actual eHealth skills, yet such measures seem to be scarcer in the literature.

Objective

The primary purpose of this study was to identify tools that currently exist to measure eHealth literacy based on objective performance. A secondary purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence of performance-based measurement of eHealth literacy in the literature compared with subjective measurement.

Methods

We conducted a systematic scoping review of the literature, aligning with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist, in 3 stages: conducting the search, screening articles, and extracting data into a summary table. The summary table includes terminology for eHealth literacy, description of participants, instrument design, health topics used, and a brief note on the evidence of validity for each performance-based measurement tool. A total of 1444 unique articles retrieved from 6 relevant databases (MEDLINE; PsycINFO; CINAHL; Library and Information Science Abstracts [LISA]; Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts [LISTA]; and Education Resources Information Center [ERIC]) were considered for inclusion, of which 313 (21.68%) included a measure of eHealth literacy.

Results

Among the 313 articles that included a measure of eHealth literacy, we identified 33 (10.5%) that reported on 29 unique performance-based eHealth literacy measurement tools. The types of tools ranged from having participants answer health-related questions using the internet, having participants engage in simulated internet tasks, and having participants evaluate website quality to quizzing participants on their knowledge of health and the web-based health information–seeking process. In addition, among the 313 articles, we identified 280 (89.5%) that measured eHealth literacy using only a self-rating tool.

Conclusions

This study is the first research synthesis looking specifically at performance-based measures of eHealth literacy and may direct researchers toward existing performance-based measurement tools to be applied in future projects. We discuss some of the key benefits and drawbacks of different approaches to performance-based measurement of eHealth literacy. Researchers with an interest in gauging participants’ actual eHealth literacy (as opposed to perceived eHealth literacy) should make efforts to incorporate tools such as those identified in this systematic scoping review.
Optimal Look-Back Period to Identify True Incident Cases of Diabetes in Medical Insurance Data in the Chinese Population: Retrospective Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Wenyi , Wang Baohua , Ma Shaobo , Wang Jingxin , Ai Limei , Li Zhengyu , Wan Xia
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Accurate estimation of incidence and prevalence is vital for preventing and controlling diabetes. Administrative data (including insurance data) could be a good source to estimate the incidence of diabetes. However, how to determine the look-back period (LP) to remove cases with preceding records remains a problem for administrative data. A short LP will cause overestimation of incidence, whereas a long LP will limit the usefulness of a database. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal LP length for identifying incident cases in administrative data.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to offer different methods to identify the optimal LP for diabetes by using medical insurance data from the Chinese population with reference to other diseases in the administrative data.

METHODS

Data from the insurance database of the city of Weifang, China from between January 2016 and December 2020 were used. To identify the incident cases in 2020, we removed prevalent patients with preceding records of diabetes between 2016 and 2019 (ie, a 4-year LP). Using this 4-year LP as a reference, consistency examination indexes (CEIs), including positive predictive values, the κ coefficient, and overestimation rate, were calculated to determine the level of agreement between different LPs and an LP of 4 years (the longest LP). Moreover, we constructed a retrograde survival function, in which survival (ie, incident cases) means not having a preceding record at the given time and the survival time is the difference between the date of the last record in 2020 and the most recent previous record in the LP. Based on the survival outcome and survival time, we established the survival function and survival hazard function. When the survival probability, S(t), remains stable, and survival hazard converges to zero, we obtain the optimal LP. Combined with the results of these two methods, we determined the optimal LP for Chinese diabetes patients.

RESULTS

The κ agreement was excellent (0.950), with a high positive predictive value (92.2%) and a low overestimation rate (8.4%) after a 2-year LP. As for the retrograde survival function, S(t) dropped rapidly during the first 1-year LP (from 1.00 to 0.11). At a 417-day LP, the hazard function reached approximately zero (ht=0.000459), S(t) remained at 0.10, and at 480 days, the frequency of S(t) did not increase. Combining the two methods, we found that the optimal LP is 2 years for Chinese diabetes patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The retrograde survival method and CEIs both showed effectiveness. A 2-year LP should be considered when identifying incident cases of diabetes using insurance data in the Chinese population.
Assessing ChatGPT’s Capability for Multiple Choice Questions Using RaschOnline: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chow Julie Chi , Cheng Teng Yun , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Willy
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT (OpenAI), a state-of-the-art large language model, has exhibited remarkable performance in various specialized applications. Despite the growing popularity and efficacy of artificial intelligence, there is a scarcity of studies that assess ChatGPT’s competence in addressing multiple-choice questions (MCQs) using KIDMAP of Rasch analysis—a website tool used to evaluate ChatGPT’s performance in MCQ answering.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to (1) showcase the utility of the website (Rasch analysis, specifically RaschOnline), and (2) determine the grade achieved by ChatGPT when compared to a normal sample.

METHODS

The capability of ChatGPT was evaluated using 10 items from the English tests conducted for Taiwan college entrance examinations in 2023. Under a Rasch model, 300 simulated students with normal distributions were simulated to compete with ChatGPT’s responses. RaschOnline was used to generate 5 visual presentations, including item difficulties, differential item functioning, item characteristic curve, Wright map, and KIDMAP, to address the research objectives.

RESULTS

The findings revealed the following: (1) the difficulty of the 10 items increased in a monotonous pattern from easier to harder, represented by logits (–2.43, –1.78, –1.48, –0.64, –0.1, 0.33, 0.59, 1.34, 1.7, and 2.47); (2) evidence of differential item functioning was observed between gender groups for item 5 (P=.04); (3) item 5 displayed a good fit to the Rasch model (P=.61); (4) all items demonstrated a satisfactory fit to the Rasch model, indicated by Infit mean square errors below the threshold of 1.5; (5) no significant difference was found in the measures obtained between gender groups (P=.83); (6) a significant difference was observed among ability grades (P<.001); and (7) ChatGPT’s capability was graded as A, surpassing grades B to E.

CONCLUSIONS

By using RaschOnline, this study provides evidence that ChatGPT possesses the ability to achieve a grade A when compared to a normal sample. It exhibits excellent proficiency in answering MCQs from the English tests conducted in 2023 for the Taiwan college entrance examinations.
This is test MS for xMed 6 Mar 2023 (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This is test MS for xMed 6 Mar 2023