bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Superoxide Dismutase, Matrix-metalloprotinase-9, and Interleukin -18 in Patients with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: R. Moustafa Shatha , A. Omar Shawn
Published: February 2022

Antioxidant status imbalance and inflammatory process are cooperative events involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate     superoxide dismutase as a potential biomarkers of antioxidant imbalance, matrix-metaloprotinase-9,   and interleukin -18  as biomarkers of inflammation in serum and to estimate  the effects of other confounding factors  gender, age and finally measuring the relation among the interested biomarkers.

This case - control study included 50 patients,   and   45 of  healthy subjects matched age â€“gender were also enrolled  in this study as a control group.    The   focused   parameters    were        measured   using      ELISA technique. There was  significant   reduction   in   the   serum   superoxide dismutase level and significant elevation in serum matrix- metaloptotinase-9 and interleukin -18 levels which have been   associated with diabetes. 

This finding may explain the role of the defect in antioxidants status   leading to significant reduction in serum superoxide  dismutase  levels  associated with increased inflammatory process leading to significant elevations of a  matrix- metaloptotinase-9 and interleukin -18. These parameters  added a diagnostic information  and evaluated as potential tools for disease risk prediction. 

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Superoxide dismutase,   Matrix metaloptotinase-9 and Interleukin -18.
Formulation and Evaluation of Optimized Zaltoprofen Lyophilized Tablets by Zydis Technique
Authors: A. Hazzaa Suray , N. Abd-Alhameed Shaimaa
Published: February 2022

â€œOrodispersible Tabletâ€ a tablet that is to be placed in oral cavity where it disperses rapidly by saliva with no need for water before swallowing. Zaltoprofen (ZLP) is one of NSAIDs which is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis as well as to relieve inflammation and pain after surgery, injury and tooth extraction. The present study was aimed to prepare rapidly dissolved lyophilized Zaltoprofen tablet with different pharmaceutical excipients and studying the factors affecting pharmaceutical properties like (solubility, disintegration time DT, dissolution, etc.) of tablets. The lyophilized disintegrating tablets (LDTs) were prepared using Zydis technique by lyophilization an aqueous dispersion of Zaltoprofen with a matrix forming agent, gelatin, and a collapse protectant, glycine. In addition to many excipients like PVPK30 was used to improve the in vitro, in vivo disintegration time and dissolution rate, mannitol as bulk forming agent. Fourteen formulations were prepared to inspect the variables that affect the disintegration time and dissolution rate.  All the formulations were evaluated for their physical appearance, mechanical strength, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, DT, and in vitro drug release. The prepared tablets were optimized and formula was subjected to different measured parameters such as disintegration time, Drug content, and in-vitro drug release. Results obtained from dissolution studies and DT showed that lyophilized disintegrating tablets (LDTs) (F8,F10,F12,F13 was 45,37,21 and 17 Sec.) respectively ,while(F14) displayed considerably faster in vitro dissolution rate of (Zaltoprofen) 3 min. and DT 9 sec. The (lyophilized disintegrating tablets) were also evaluated showing the transformation into amorphous state and absence of interaction of Zaltoprofen with the components of the tablets. From visual inspection ,physical strength ,DT and release behavior obtained ,one can conclude that the formulas(F14) which contains Zaltoprofen 3.2% ,gelatin3%, mannitol 3%, glycine 1.5%, PVP K30 1.5% was the most suitable one.

Keywords : Zaltoprofen, lyophilization, PVPK30 .
Estimation of winter bread wheat varieties in the inter-station testing according to economically valuable traits
Authors: Ivanisov М. М. , Marchenko D. М. , Nekrasov Е. I.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the current study was to identify sources of economically valuable traits and properties of winter bread wheat for their purposeful introduction in breeding programs. The study was carried out in the inter-station testing in 2019–2021. The objects of the study were 66 winter bread wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin sown after maize for grain. Weather and climatic conditions during the years of the study were quite diverse, which made it possible to identify the most valuable varieties for their further introduction in breeding programs. There have been identified the following varieties which showed high frost resistance (75.1-89.5%), namely ‘Nasyp’ with 77.6% (RCG named after P.P. Lukyanenko), ‘Kapitan’ with 75.1%, ‘Volny Don’ with 75.2%, ‘Aksinya’ with 76.7%, ‘Izyuminka’ with 77.8%, ‘Ermak’ with 77.9%, ‘Zhavoronok’ with 79.6%, ‘Etyud’ with 80.1%, ‘Donskaya Step’ with 81.3%, ‘Asket’ with 89.5% (ARC “Donskoy”). According to early maturation, there have been identified three genotypes ‘Stanichnaya’, ‘Zhavoronok’ and ‘Etyud’ (ARC “Donskoy”), which formed heads on May 11–12. The height of the studied varieties varied from 66 to 96 cm, there have been identified such 5 sources of short stems with the indicator from 66 to 74 cm as ‘SO 911’ (France), ‘Grom’, ‘Rossyp’, ‘Gomer’, ‘Irda’ (RCG named after P.P. Lukyanenko). There has been determined a number of large-grain varieties from various research institutions, such as ‘Aksiniya’ (42.0 g), ‘Volnitsa’ (43.2 g), ‘Donskaya Step’ (43.5 g), ‘Etyud’ (44.7 g) (ARC “Donskoy”), ‘Barier’ (42.4 g) (NCFRAC), ‘Donmira’ (42.6 g) (FARC), ‘Iliada’ (43.0 g) (RCG named after P.P. Lukyanenko). According to productivity, the best varieties in 2019–2021 were ‘Donskaya step’ (7.64 t/ha), ‘Lilit’ (7.74 t/ha) (ARC “Donskoy”), ‘Gomer’ (7.73 t/ha), ‘Laureat’ (8.34 t/ha) (RCG named after P.P. Lukyanenko), ‘Armada’ (7.70 t/ha) (NCFRAC), ‘Donmira’ (7.72 t/ha) (FARC), ‘Chornyava’ (7.75 t/ha) (Ukraine). All identified sources can be used as useful initial material in the programs of winter bread wheat breeding.
Triticale haploidy in vitro (literature review)
Authors: Diyachuk T. I. , Akinina V. N. , Zhilin S. V. , Khomyakova O. V. , Barnashova Е. К. , Kalashnikova E. V. , Okladnikova V. P.
Published: February 2022

Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a hybridized grain crop developed from wheat and rye crossings. Today, triticale is a multipurpose commercial grain crop with great potential as a human food and animal feed. The sown area of the new grain crop in the world reached 4 million hectares in 2018, grain production was about 14 million tons. The current climate change, the rapid evolution of pathogens, as well as the requirements of the modern market dictate the necessity for accelerated development of varieties while reducing the cost of their development. The production of double haploids makes it possible to reduce the time required for the development of homozygous lines by an average of 5–7 years. For the mass production of haploid triticale plants in vitro, there are used two methods, namely anther/microspore culture and distant hybridization followed by selective chromosome elimination of the pollinator. The most critical factors for the success of developing haploids in anther culture are a genotype, growing conditions of donor plants, a microspore development stage, stress effects on heads or anthers, and a nutrient media. Among the unresolved problems of the method are a genotypic dependence, a high incidence of albinism and a presence of aneuploids in the androgenic plant progeny. The rye genome is more often involved in chromosomal transformations than the wheat genome. Most aneuploids are nullisomics, most often on the 2R and 5R chromosomes. Nullisomic plants for 2R and 5R chromosomes have fewer number of spikelets per head and fewer number of kernels per head. In order to develop haploids by the method of selective chromosome elimination during distant hybridization, there have been successfully used such grain crops whose pollen is insensitive to Kr-genes, as maize (Zea mays L.) and wild cereal grass ‘Imperata Cylindrical’ (Imperata cylindrical L.). The advantages of the method are less genotypic dependence, absence of albino plants, genetic stability of regenerants, and reduced costs for developing haploid plants. The length of flowering period of ‘Imperata Cylindrical’ and the absence of the need to combine the timing of flowering period of the parents ensure the economy and efficiency of using this species when developing haploid triticale plants. The purpose of the current review was to characterize the methods of mass development of haploid triticale plants, to describe their advantages and disadvantages when being used in the breeding process.
The study results of the promising pea lines in the soil and climatic conditions of the Kirov region
Authors: Pislegina S. S. , Chetvertnykh S. А.
Published: February 2022

The current paper has presented the results of estimating pea varieties in the Competitive Variety Testing. The purpose of the study was to analyze pea lines at the final stage of the breeding process and to identify the promising ones according to economically valuable traits. The study of variety samples was carried out in laboratory for legumes breeding and primary seed production at the Falyonsky breeding station in 2018–2020. The objects of the study were 28 peas lines and varieties of various morphotypes. The estimation of samples, observations and accounting were carried out according to the methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing. The standard varieties were the varieties ‘Krasnoufimsky 93’, ‘Ryabchik’, ‘Falyonsky usatyi’, zoned in the Volga-Vyatka region. The vegetation periods of 2018–2020 contrastingly differed among themselves in moisture supply and temperature regime, the most favorable hydrothermal conditions were in 2019, the most unfavorable ones were in 2018 and 2020. As a result of the study, there have been identified the lines that exceeded the standard varieties in productivity of grain, green mass and dry matter. In the group of white-flowered grain crops, there was identified the line ‘E-483’ with 3.49 t/ha of mean grain productivity, 31.4 t/ha of green mass and 5.28 t/ha of hay. In the group of color-flowered grain crops, the maximum productivity of grain, green mass and dry matter was identified in the line ‘E-3588’ with 4.16, 34.9 and 7.73 t/ha, respectively. Among the leafless variety samples, the line ‘E-1250’ produced the highest grain yield with 3.71 t ha. There have been identified the lines with high indicators of yield structure elements. The maximum number of fertile nodes was identified in the line ‘E-3745’ (4.2 pcs.). The maximum number of kernels was identified in the lines ‘E-483’, ‘E-3542’, ‘E-3798’ (5.8 pcs.). The maximum number of kernels per plant was identified in the line ‘D-24746’ (25.9 pcs.). The maximum seed productivity was identified in the line ‘E-3845’ (4.4 g). The highest values of the number of productive nodes and kernels were obtained in the group of white-flowered leafy varieties. The largest number of kernels per plant was identified in the maple pea. Seed productivity and 1000-kernel weight were higher in the leafless variety samples. According to stem length and resistance to lodging, there has been identified the advantage of the leafless lines.
The study of biochemical properties of legume flour (peas, soybeans), physical and baking indicators of the dough from mixtures with wheat flour
Authors: Shabolkina E. N. , Anisimkina N. V. , Maistrenko O. А.
Published: February 2022

High protein content, simplicity and time of cooking are two main advantages with which legumes have gained popularity among the population, however, this culture is used not only in its pure form, but also in the form of additives for baking. Adding pea and soybean flour to composite mixtures affects the behavior of the dough, requires corrections in the baking process, and all these issues can be resolved by farinographic analysis. The purpose of the current study was to determine the biochemical parameters of whole-meal pea and soybean flour, to study the rheological properties of the dough of composite mixtures with grain legume flour and to evaluate the efficiency of mixing pea and soybean flour with premium wheat flour according to the results of baking assessment. There has been identified nutritional value of whole-meal pea and soybean flour, additives exceeding the protein content on 13.2–23.6%, oil content on 1.3–21.2%, sugar content on 3.2–9.3%, which is very important in baking. There has been characterized the influence of the type of ingredients (pea, soybean flour) on the rheological properties of dough using farinographic analysis, when 5% addition of pea flour (the variety ‘Flagman 9’) to composite mixtures did not worsen the physical traits of the dough, 10 and 15% addition reduced dough stability on 1–2 minutes, valorimetric assessment on 4–6 e.u., but water absorption capacity of flour raised on 6% in relation to wheat flour. The addition of whole-meal soybeans (the variety ‘Samer 1’) strengthened and improved the physical the dough parameters, however, the volume of bread reduced because of a decrease in gluten percentage in the mixtures and the prevailing salt-soluble (globulins) and water-soluble (albumin) protein fractions. There has been estimated the efficiency of mixtures of premium wheat flour with wholemeal pea and soybean flour, when the overall baking assessment gave positive results of 4.0–4.6 points; in that case the bread is attractive, of regular shape, with smooth crust without cracks, the crumb color is light yellowish with fine porosity, but a little denser than in control, the smell is pleasant and fragrant.
The effect of weediness with common wild oat and sow-thistle on spring wheat productivity in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Sabitov М. M. , Naumetov R. V.
Published: February 2022

The current paper has presented the study results of the effect of weediness with common wild oat and sow-thistle on spring wheat productivity through 2012–2015. The purpose of the work was to find out the effect of weediness with common wild oat and sow-thistle in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region. Using common wild oats, the trials were carried out according to the following scheme: 1) without weeds (control); 2) 10–15 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2 ; 3) 20–30 stalks per 1 m2 ; 4) 50–70 stalks per 1 m2 ; 5) 100–120 stalks per 1 m2 ; 6) 150–200 stalks per 1 m2 . Using sow-thistle the scheme was as follows: 1) without weeds (control); 2) 1 sow-thistle plant per 1 m2 ; 3) 2 plants per 1 m2 ; 4) 4 plants per 1 m2 ; 5) 6 plants per 1 m2 ; 6) 8 plants per 1 m2 . There was found that weediness with 26 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  reduced productivity of 1 ha on 18% through four years, weediness with 62 stalks reduced it on 24%, with 115 on 38% and with 185 on 44%. Weediness with 26 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  decreased spring wheat productivity on 0.33 t/ha in 2012, on 0.56 t/ha in 2013, on 0.94 and 0.68 t/ha in 2014 and 2015. Weediness with 185 stalks per 1 m2  decreased spring wheat productivity on 1.18 and 0.95 t/ha in 2012 and 2013, on 2.10 and 1.91 t/ha in 2014 and 2015. In arid years of 2014 and 2015, productivity shortfall caused by weeds increased. In the trials on the effect of sow-thistle on spring wheat productivity, on average, through four years of study, one weed reduced it on 8%, two weeds on 11%, four weeds on 19%, six weeds on 21% and eight weeds on 24%. On average, through four years, 13 common wild oat stalks per 1 m2  reduced the density of spring wheat on 9%, 26 stalks reduced it on 10%, 62 stalks reduced it on by 17%, and 185 stalks reduced it on 31%. At the same time, the number of productive stalks decreased on 2, 15, 22, and 40%, respectively, and kernel percentage of a head decreased on 4, 13, 16, and 23%. Weediness with two sow-thistle plants per 1 m2  reduced the number of spring wheat plants on 9%, four plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 15, six plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 18%, eight plants per 1 m2  reduced it on 21%. The number of productive stems decreased on 16, 20, 21 and 25%, respectively. Grain loss per stem caused by common wild oats was 16.2, grain loss caused by sow-thistle was 175 kg/ha.
The use of herbicides and harrowing for weed control on peas in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Davletov F. A. , Gainullina K. P. , Safin F. F.
Published: February 2022

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, pea is the main legume crop that plays an important role in providing the population with vegetable protein. Productivity of peas depends on many factors, among which is the level of weediness, therefore, weed control is becoming one of the most important problems in cultivation technology of this legume. In this regard, the study of the efficiency of the use of various measures to protect peas from weeds is of great relevance. The purpose of the study was to estimate the efficiency of the use of herbicides and harrowing to control annual and perennial weeds on the pea variety ‘Chishminsky 229’. The trials were carried out in the Chishminsky Plant Breeding Center of the BRIA UFRC RAS, located in the Pre-Ural steppe zone in 2018–2020. In order to identify the optimal dose of herbicide to control weediness, there have been used the herbicides “Agritoks” and “For Soybean” at a dose of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.75 l/ha. There have also been studied the efficiency of harrowing both separately and in combination with herbicides. As a result of the trials, it was found that mean doses (0.6 l/ha) of herbicides “Agritoks” and “For Soybean” are the optimal ones for the treatment of peas. With decreasing the dose of the products, the efficiency of weed control decreased, and with increasing, the growth and development of peas worsened. The best results in controlling weediness of peas and increasing its productivity were obtained with the use of harrowing in combination with herbicide “For Soybean” at a dose of 0.6 l/ha. Thus, the current study has shown that for the most successful control of weediness of peas, there has been required an integrated approach, including both agrotechnical and chemical weed control measures.
Application of new forms of fertilizers to improve productivity and grain quality of white lupine
Authors: Yagovenko G. L. , Yagovenko Т. V. , Slesareva Т. N. , Zaitseva N. M. , Misnikova N. V.
Published: February 2022

Substantiation and development of technology elements for obtaining a sustainable productivity of lupine grain is an important and urgent task for expanding the area under this grain crop. There have been considered the study results of the effect of fertilizers ‘Aquamix ST’, ‘Metaborat Kaliya’, ‘Tiaton’ on productivity and grain quality of white lupine. The study was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine – a branch of the FWRC FPA, in the soil and climatic conditions of the southwestern part of the Non-Chernozem zone in 2018-2019. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the efficiency of these innovative micro- and macrofertilizers and the methods of their application on a number of indicators that improve productivity and grain quality of white lupine. The application of fertilizers ‘Aquamix ST’ and ‘Metaborat Kaliya’ contributed to an increase of white lupine grain productivity on 37.5 and 35.4%. There has been determined protein increase from 5.0 to 5.8% in grain of the white lupine variety ‘Piligrim’ in all application variants of ‘Aquamix ST’. The use of ‘Aquamix ST’ and ‘Metaborat Kaliya’ in the vegetation period of plants reduced alkaloid content of lupine grain on 24.7-34.6%. Application of ‘Aquamix ST’ and ‘Metaborat Kaliya’ in white lupine budding stage increased carotene content in grain on 34.3 and 25.0%, respectively. The analysis of the data showed that the variant including pre-seeding treatment with ‘Aquamix ST’ and subsequent treatment in the budding stage of plants was characterized by the maximum amount of lysine and carotene. There was noted that the application of micro- and macrofertilizers resulted in an increase in feed units and digestible protein. Application of ‘Aquamix ST’, including pre-seeding treatment and two treatments in the vegetation period of plants provided the largest yield of digestible protein (1.26 t/ha), 6.0 t/h of feed units, and 54.8 GJ/ha of exchangeable energy. ‘Metaborat Kaliya’, used in the treatment of plants in their budding phase, showed almost the same results. The options that combined high productivity with high grain quality were more valuable according their feed value.
Railways and the Urban Soundscape: Montreal, 1850s–1950s
Authors: Rudy Jarrett , Fahrni Magda , Kenny Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Recent work on the history of railways has focused on the ways in which they changed the experience of space. Studies of urban settings have examined the role of railway tracks in delineating and reaffirming identities of class and ethnicity; they have also looked at the housing and neighborhoods that grew up around railway yards. This article contributes to the literature on railways and urban space by exploring the meanings of train sounds, in particular those produced by bells and steam whistles, in Montreal. The sounds made by trains were among the loudest to arrive in the 19th-century world, and had a particularly dramatic impact upon urban areas. Train whistles and bells had diverse meanings, depending on the precise moment and place at which they were sounded, the duration of the sound, and who was listening. These meanings were integrated into various forms of urban knowledge, and constituted one element of what historian David Garrioch calls “a semiotic system,” part of a larger “urban information system.” This article explores the confrontation between two interpretations of the sounds made by train bells and steam whistles in the region of Montreal between 1850 and 1950, namely, the conflicts between those who saw bells and whistles as elements of a language of safety for railway workers and city dwellers, on the one hand, and, on the other, those who increasingly viewed them as an unwelcome source of urban noise.
Education on the Knowledge of Youth about Youth Care Health Services (PKPR)
Authors: Sartika Andry , Oktarianita Oktarianita , Padila Padila , Andri Juli , Andrianto Muhammad Bagus
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of counseling on adolescent knowledge about Youth Care Health Services (PKPR) at the Bintang Terampil Orphanage, Bengkulu City. This type of research is quantitative research conducted at the Bintang Terampil Orphanage, Bengkulu City. The population observed was all 30 adolescents in the Bintang Skilled Orphanage, Bengkulu City, with a total sampling technique of selecting samples. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires containing questions to adolescents about PKPR twice to determine their pretest and posttest knowledge about PKPR. Information was obtained in the univariate and bivariate test analysis. The results showed that the average knowledge score before counseling was 8.57, and after counseling was 12.13. Adolescents' knowledge about PKPR before and after counseling was a mean value of 3.567, a standard deviation of 2.208, with a p-value of 0.005. In conclusion, there are differences in adolescent knowledge about PKPR before and after counseling.

 

Keywords: Adolescent Knowledge, Counseling, PKPR
Influence of Hospital Readiness in Handling Covid-19 on Covid-19 Incidents
Authors: Solichah Siti , Husein Rahmawati , Rosa Elsye Maria
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of hospital readiness in handling COVID-19 on the incidence of COVID-19 at Aisyiyah Siti Fatimah Hospital, Tulangan Sidoarjo, to optimize the ability to deal with the COVID-19 disaster. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytic observational design. The results showed that most of the employees of Aisyiyah Fatimah Hospital in Tulangan Sidoarjo were aged between 21-30 years, namely 109 people (61.2%). Based on gender, most of the respondents were women, namely 156 people (87.6%). Based on education, most of the respondents have D3 education as many as 81 people (45.5%). Meanwhile, based on years of service, most respondents worked for 1 – 5 years as many as 87 people (48.9%). Bivariate analysis showed that staff had a positive and significant effect on the number of suspected Covid-19 patients. In conclusion, the team is the more dominant factor or variable in influencing the handling of Covid-19 in the Covid-19 incident at Aisyiyah Siti Fatimah Hospital, Tulangan Sidoarjo.

 

Keywords: Covid-19 Incidence, Hospital Readiness, Handling Covid-19
COMPARISON OF HEALTH SERVICES VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ETHICAL POSITIONS IN TERMS OF EDUCATION GIVEN: A FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY EXAMPLE
Authors: BAYER Nükhet , Çalı Abdulhamit , UZUNTARLA Yasin , Özkan Deniz Vardar
Published: February 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the ethical positions of the students studying at the Vocational School of Health Services according to the education given. Material and Methods: In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, it was aimed to reach all of the students who took a professional ethics course at a foundation university, and 91.5% (n=182) were reached. "Sociodemographic Characteristics Form" and "Ethical Position Scale" were used to collect data. The scale applied at the beginning of the study was applied again to the same students at the end of the 14-week education. Analysis of research data was done with SPSS 21.0 statistical program. In the analysis of descriptive statistics, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and frequency analysis were used. Paired Samples T-Test was used to compare the mean values of the scale scores before and after the training. Result: The mean age of the participants was 21.69±3.52, and the age range was 19-46 years. 72.5% of the participants were women and 73.2% were born in the Central Anatolia Region. Pre-educational idealism (4.04±0.54), relativism (3.26±0.66), accuracy (3.00±1.10) dimensions and the overall score of the Ethical Position Scale (3.37±0.56) found. After the training, idealism (4.58±0.52), relativism (3.81±0.78), accuracy (3.41±1.20) dimensions and the overall score of the Ethical Position Scale (3.97±0.65) ) was found. There is a statistically significant difference between the ethical positions of the students before and after the professional ethics course (p<0.05). Conclusion: The ethical positions of the students, which were at a medium level, were found at a high level after the professional ethics course. Education and training programs should be organized to increase students' level of consideration of ethical rules in decision making. Keywords; Ethics, Ethical Position, Health Sciences, Student
From breadwinner to bedridden
Authors: Bonfanti Sara
Published: February 2022

Within transnational labor, the working capital of migrants may recoil as aging and disability occur, crushing people’s everyday life and aspirations. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork with Indo-Pakistani minorities in Brescia, northern Italy, the author queries “a case for affliction,” seeing the experience of a breadwinner’s stroke disrupting his household. While for decades Punjabi diasporas have settled abroad remitting to the homeland, social attainment oft en remains precarious for first-time movers and their off spring. Aft er 20-year residence in a destination country, a migrant father’s collapse rebounds on his kindred, who regrettably turn to local welfare and public housing but also readjust personal desires toward sustainable family care. Intersectional analysis abets the participants’ narratives in challenging any set “sense of inequality,” embodied, and embedded in run-of-the-mill racialized capitalism.
The economic anthropologist as romantic bricoleur
Authors: Hann Chris
Published: February 2022

More than 50 years after the writing of the papers assembled as Stone Age Economics, the author’s voice has been silenced. That immense contribution has been the subject of numerous reassessments. The volume contains all his important work in economic anthropology. Each chapter is teeming with ideas, and even seasoned teachers in this field will usually discover something new each time they revisit it. Looking at it again this year, I was astonished to realize that I used to use this book for teaching first-year undergraduates. Even for the brightest young sparks in Cambridge, to require the completion within a week of an essay evaluating Marcel Mauss’s The Gift (Mauss 2015 [1925]) in the light of the fourth chapter of Stone Age Economics(Sahlins 2004 [1972]) was asking rather a lot.
Ethnographies of the super-rich
Authors: Higgins Katie , Kunz Sarah
Published: February 2022

Rosita Armytage. 2020. Big capital in an unequal world: The micropolitics of wealth in Pakistan. London: Berghahn Books.

Ashley Mears. 2020. Very important people: Status and beauty in the global party circuit. New York: Princeton University Press.
The Separatism Problem in Indonesian Papua
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Drugov Aleksey
Published: February 2022

Armed separatist movement and terrorism are showing further growth in Indonesian provinces Papua and West Papua at the western part of New Guinea island. The source of the movement as acknowledged by several Indonesian experts and politicians аre the disbalance in the economic, social and cultural development, marginalization of the region of the region compared with other provinces, which is aggravated by ethnic, confessional and racial differences. Besides military suppression of the armed terrorists, the Indonesian government takes measures to overcome the conflict situation, including “The Act on Special Autonomy for Papua and West Papua” providing several economic, financial and social privileges for native population. But some politicians and experts argue that these measures are not sufficiently politically and psychologically oriented to overcome the heavy heritage of the last decades.
Overview of the 7th Scientific and Practical Conference in memory of Alexander Gouber on the topic: "Southeast Asia: Historical Past and Modern Reality"
Authors:   IAAS MSU, Russia Moscow, Lipilina Irina , Syunnerberg Maxim ,   IAAS MSU, Russia Moscow
Published: February 2022

The article provides an overview of the reports of the 7th Scientific and Practical Conference in memory of Alexander Gouber on the topic: "Southeast Asia: Historical Past and Modern Reality", which took place on October 5-6, 2021. Scientists from various academic, research and educational institutions took part in the conference, organized by the Far East and Southeast Asia Department of ISAA MSU. The topics of the reports covered a wide range of issues on the political, socio-economic development of the Southeast Asian countries in a regional context.
Southeast Asia and the South Pacific: Current Development Issues – 2021
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Astafieva Ekaterina
Published: February 2022

The article provides an overview of the reports of the 26th annual scientific inter-institutional conference "Southeast Asia and the South Pacific: Current Development Issues", which was held online on November 24-25, 2021. At the conference organized by the Center for Southeast Asia, Australia and Oceania Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences was attended by scientists, as well as applicants and graduate students from various academic, research and educational institutions.
Strategic and Economic Importance of Gwadar for China and other Regional and Western States
Authors: Munir Fakhr ul , Ihsan Nelofar , Sanaullah
Published: February 2022

Gwadar is a deep seaport that played the role of main communication and trade route among India and the Gulf States. In collaboration with China, Gwadar Port has been intended to be connected with Afghanistan and via Afghanistan to Central Asia through road links. If we take the case of the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean, it is Gwadar Port that allows China to counterbalance the Indo-US supremacy. Beijing now has the ability to counterbalance Indian maritime activities in the Indian Ocean by praising and acknowledging this Port. Gwadar Port's distance from Pakistan's Karachi Port and India's Gujarat and Mumbai naval stations allows China to observe Indo-US naval operations in the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf. Persia Gulf is responsible for over 60% of Beijing's energy supply demands. This phenomenon, in the long run, allows Beijing to monitor and control the sea lanes of communication (SLOCs) from the Persian Gulf to the Indian Ocean and up to the Strait of Hormuz.
Effectiveness of Process-Oriented Approach in the Development of English Writing Skills of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Mushtaq Rukhshanda , Taseer Naveed Ahmad , Ghori Uzma Khalid
Published: February 2022

Writing is an essential part of second language learning, and students face many problems while learning about writing. The objective of this study is to figure out the problems faced by the students while writing. This mixed-method study investigates the effect of the process-oriented approach in developing writing skills among eighty undergraduate students of the first semester at various universities across Pakistan. The data was collected online, and the researchers conducted per-and post-test to check the language, vocabulary, coherence, and cohesion in students' writings. The participants wrote an essay containing 350-500 words taken as the sample to discuss the findings. The per-test revealed that students faced too many writing difficulties, and the post-test showed improvement in writing. The results showed that students have positive attitudes towards using the process-oriented approach in improving their writing skills.
Chronic Inter-play of Identity and Choice: A Zero-sum Competition in Shamsie's Home Fire
Authors: Qadri Farheen Akhtar , Hussain Sajjad , Amir Muhammad Asaf
Published: February 2022

The issues of globalization and economic and social dependency have penetrated into modern postcolonial literature, especially in the literature of expatriate Pakistani writers. Home Fire explicitly covers the issue of zero-sum competition between the immigrants and the locals. The attitude of the Americans and the Britishersin the perspective of post 9\11 era highlighted this issue. The Zero-sum competition is situational and chronic. The major factor that constitutes this competition is the national identity. There are certain discursive events in the novel that propagate the fallacy of zero-sum competition. Zero-sum situations force Is ma to adopt the Other attitude towards her brother Pervaiz and sister Aneeka because of the (BIOPTIONAL CHOICE) two options of choice and future. Eamon gains choice and, after that, realizes and refuses the future. This study shows the zero-sum events as highlighted in the work Home Fire and analyzes the situational and chronic interplay of national identity, choice, and sense of future.
Camurati-Engelmann disease combined with transethmoidal meningoencephalocele: illustrative case
Authors: Yanagihara Wataru , Wada Tsukasa , Nomura Jun-ichi , Saura Hiroaki , Kubo Yoshitaka , Ogasawara Kuniaki
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive cranial hyperostosis and diaphyseal sclerosis of the long bones. Chronic intracranial hypertension gradually occurs due to progressive cranial vault hyperostosis.

OBSERVATIONS

A 57-year-old man who had been diagnosed with CED at 9 years old suddenly developed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. A bone defect of the right cribriform plate and protrusion of brain tissue from the right cribriform plate into the right nasal cavity were identified. The patient underwent endoscopic resection of the meningoencephalocele combined with the bath-plug procedure. After surgery, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea disappeared.

LESSONS

Chronic intracranial hypertension due to progressive cranial vault hyperostosis in CED may cause a bone defect and meningoencephalocele in the anterior skull base, resulting in cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.
Postoperative striatal degeneration: a hitherto unrecognized impact of frontal disconnection surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy. Illustrative cases
Authors: Hagiwara Koichi , Tanaka Hideaki , Miyoshi Ayako , Kamada Takashi , Shigeto Hiroshi , Ohara Shinji , Akamatsu Naoki
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Frontal disconnection surgery is a useful surgical option for patients with frontal epilepsy whose seizure onset zones are exceedingly large and thus are not amenable to conventional resective surgery. While it has the advantage of avoiding sequelae stemming from a large resection cavity, the impact of radical anatomofunctional disconnection of such a vast frontal region is not fully understood.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors have identified secondary degeneration in the striatum ipsilateral to the frontal disconnection surgery in two adult patients who had otherwise favorable postoperative outcomes following the surgery. On serial postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, the striatum showed transient restricted diffusion in the caudate head and rostral putamen around several weeks postoperatively and subsequent atrophy in the caudate head. The affected striatal regions (i.e., the anterior portion of the striatum) were congruent with the known fronto-striatal connectivity corresponding to the disconnected frontal regions anterior to the primary and supplementary motor areas. Both patients achieved 1-year seizure freedom without apparent disability related to the surgery.

LESSONS

The benign postoperative course despite the marked degenerative changes in the ipsilateral striatum supports the feasibility of the frontal disconnection surgery in otherwise inoperable patients with broad frontal epileptogenicity.
Sosialisasi “Isi Piringku” Pada Remaja Putri Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting
Authors: Atasasih Hesti
Published: February 2022

My plate is a guide to daily food consumption. Nutrition Education "my plate contents" is important for adolescents to adopt a healthy eating pattern. In adolescence there is a speed of growth and physical, mental, emotional and social development. Ummu Sulaim Islamic boarding school is an Islamic boarding school for young women and organizes meals on a buffet basis, this causes the portion of the meal to not be in accordance with the guidelines for balanced nutrition. The purpose of this activity is to socialize "My Plate Contents" to young women as an effort to prevent stunting. The activity will be held in January-July 2019 at Pondok Pesantren Ummu Sulaim, Pekanbaru. The implementation began with an oral socialization of my plate contents to the principal, teachers, canteen and female students, followed by the preparation of poster procurement. Community service is carried out with methods of outreach, counseling, supervision, evaluation and advocacy. The result of community service is the knowledge of students about my plate contents increases after counseling, it can be seen from the results of pre-test and post-test increased by 38 points, with the lowest value of 70 and the highest value of 100. Supervision results found that Islamic boarding school had previously served nutritious food, but the type and amount did not match my plate contents, and after the implementation of this activity the provision of female students' meals was adjusted to the nutritional needs of the students, and in its application most of the female students had implemented the contents of my plate.
Implementasi Sistem Informasi Geografis Berbasis Web dalam Penyusunan Profil Kependudukan
Authors: Sadewa Purba Sejati
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on the economic and social sectors in RT 08 Kertodadi, Pakembinangun Village, Pakem District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region Province. The provision of population data as a complete document for applying for social assistance has been carried out by the government at the neighborhood level, but the available data is still conventional. The availability of conventional population data is caused by the lack of briefing on the use of information technology as a digital population data inventory tool. Efforts are being made to overcome the problem by providing training and assistance in the preparation of a digital population profile. The basic science used in this activity is a geographic information system (GIS) which is used as the basis of knowledge in a digital population data inventory. The end result of this activity is a digital-based population profile with spatial and regional values ​​that can be used to make an inventory of population dynamics quickly, easily, and transparently.
Meningkatan Pengetahuan & Minat Berwirausaha Dalam Membentuk Karakter Mandiri Siswa SMAN 10 Pekanbaru
Authors: Hastuti Irena Puspi , Rusmansyah Wiko , Afwa Awliya
Published: February 2022

Entrepreneurship or what is now that most popular as “entrepreneurship” is an activity that is being prioritized by the government for millennials. The government really wishes that millennials who have graduated from school or college should not always think of always looking for work, but rather have an independent character to become entrepreneurs or create their own jobs. In connection with entrepreneurship and fostering an independent character, this time community service wants to see the “entrepreneur” side of public high school students 10 Pekanbaru. This decision was made because we wanted to see the public high schools (outside technical high schools) which usually tend to choose  continue their education to a higher level of education than to continue the entrepreneurial stage.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Website Desa Wisata Di Desa Wisata Meler, Kabupaten Manggarai, NTT
Authors: Menggo Sebastianus , Rosdiana Su Yosefina , Adiputra Taopan Rizki
Published: February 2022

Natural charm, cultural attractions and agro-tourism are the main objects of Meler tourism village. These tourism objects not only provide a wonderful natural persona (rice field spider web terrace) but also a variety of traditional dances that contain historical, educational and humanistic values that are universally applicable. These advantages can be utilized to boost the economy of rural communities. However, tourism village administrators must be digitally literate in order to maximize the economic impact of these tourism assets. The outcome target of this community service is to improve the digital literacy skills of the seven Meler tourist village administrators. This community service was carried out at the Meler village office for two months (May – June 2021), twice a week. A number of methods have been applied to meet the intended outcome targets, namely lecturing, questions and answers, discussions, demonstrations and presentations. The results indicate that the training participants have understood and applied the concept of digital literacy in managing tourism villages.
Penerapan Sistem Keuangan Berbasis Digital pada UMKM Di Kecamatan Batujajar, Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Eka Yulianti  , Nurmansyah Abdul Ahmad Hafidh , Kurniawan Asep , Evangelista Leni , Sigarlaki Faizal Fardhani
Published: February 2022

Pandemi covid-19 merupakan kondisi yang tidak dapat dihindari dewasa ini. Salah satu usaha yang terkena dampaknya adalah UMKM. Begitu pun UMKM yang bergerak di bidang industri makanan di Kecamatan Batujajar Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Pada beberapa UMKM di daerah tersebut terjadi penurunan penjualan yang salah satu penyebabnya adalah pandemi Covid-19. Selain itu, hal ini juga diperburuk oleh sistem pencatatan keuangan yang kurang optimal sehingga para pemilik UMKM tidak mengetahui secara pasti kondisi keuangannya.

            Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi para pengelola UMKM industri di Kecamatan Batujajar melalui sebuah pelatihan dan pendampingan terkait pentingnya pencatatan berbasis digital. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah para pengelola UMKM mampu memahami dan melakukan pencatatan keuangan berbasis digital baik dengan menggunakan komputer maupun handphone. Atas kemampuan yang mereka miliki diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu pemicu pengembangan dan eksistensi usahanya terlebih dalam kondisi pandemi yang melanda dewasa ini.
Ibm PEMETAAN TOPOGRAFI LAHAN PONDOK PESANTREN TAHFIDZ RABBANIY KECAMATAN PERHENTIANRAJA KABUPATEN KAMPAR-RIAU
Authors: Lubis Fadrizal
Published: February 2022

In today's era of infrastructure development, the need for the availability of topographic maps is unavoidable, especially if we are going to do the physical planning of buildings in an area or a location. Likewise, in carrying out the physical development of the Tahfizh Rabbaniy Islamic Boarding School, spatial information in the form of maps is needed. topography in the preparation or planning of the site plant in its construction. The method used is to make topographic measurements at the Tahfidz Rabbaniy Islamic Boarding School and has been carried out with the results obtained. . The location of the land is overgrown with weeds, grass and some palm oil. The highest elevation of +10.980 is at point D21 with coordinates X=31448.173, Y= 767651.050 and Z=10.980, and the lowest elevation of +8.803 is at point E139 coordinates X31381.662, Y=767679.797 and Z=8.803.
Pelatihan Bahasa Inggris bagi Calon Perawat di Maluku di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Dwi Yulianto
Published: February 2022

Maluku Province has tourism attraction which can attract international visitors to visit Maluku. However, those tourists in Maluku might get sick and be treated in hospital. In this case, nurses play an important role for the patient's recovery. They must treat all patients according to their responsibilities, regardless of differences in ethnicity, religion or origin of the patient. One of the trainings they need is English language training to prepare them to handle foreign patients who do not speak Indonesian and only understand English. For this reason, this Community Service (PkM) activity is proposed to accommodate the needs of learning English for prospective nurses in Maluku. Learning activities were carried out in a period of 10 sessions and approximately there were 3-5 participants per meeting joined the training. The learning approach used was the flipped-learning approach which has positive impacts on the participants. The participants felt more confident to speak English and English skills in nursing context increased after completing the program. However, there were some challenges faced by the participants, namely related to their English language skills and inadequate quality of the internet network in the area where the participants joined the program. Recommendations for future English trainers are explained in this paper. Similar future programs could implement teaching and learning method and approach by considering participants’ internet connection quality. In addition, training on General English should be carried out first before training on English for Specific Pusposes is implemented.