bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI DATA MINING UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN CUSTOMER PT. KASANA TEKNINDO GEMILANG MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS
Authors: Budi Santoso Teguh
Published: August 2023

PT. Kasana Teknindo Gemilang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang distributor penjualan dan service alat-alat berat yang berada di kawasan jakarta barat. Salah satu hal yang penting dalam pengelolaan customer adalah bagaimana suatu perusahaan dapat mempertahankan customer yang dimilikinya. Usaha untuk mempertahankan customer ini menjadi hal yang penting bagi PT. Kasana Teknindo Gemilang mengingat semakin banyaknya perusahaan-perusahaan pesaing membuat PT. Kasan Teknindo Gemilang harus mempunyai strategi baru agar dapat mempertahankan customer potensialnya dengan cara memberikan diskon.Penerapan data mining dapat membantu untuk menganalisa data yang di peroleh dari transaksi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penggunaan algoritma K-Means, dengan harapan dapat memberikan solusi untuk penentuan customer potensial berdasarkan pengelompokan. Pada penelitian ini proses algoritma K-Means akan diimplementasikan kedalam software untuk menghasilkan penentuan penggalian data dalam mencari penentuan coustomer potensial yang selama ini data sudah ada pada PT. Kasana Teknindo Gemilang.Berdasarkan proses algoritma k-means pada penelitian ini dengan memiliki himpunan attribut yaitu: quantity, jumlah transaksi dan total harga, dapat ditarik kesimpulan berdasarkan pengelompokan dimana hasil didapat untuk menjadi titik centroid yaitu C1 (PT. Sumiden Serasi Wire Products), C2 (PT. Surya Intan Sentana Jaya), C3 (PT. Ika Maestro Industri). Dalam penelitian ini telah berhasil di buat program K-Means untuk pengelompokan customer potensial, informasi yang ditampilkan berupa nilai centroid dari tiap-tiap cluster dan kelompok-kelompok pelanggan potensial
PENENTUAN MINAT PROGRAM STUDI TERHADAP CALON MAHASISWA BARU MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS
Authors: Kifli Zul
Published: August 2023

Universitas Satya Negara Indonesia (USNI) merupakan lembaga yang bergerak di bidang pendidikan tinggi yang setiap tahun dan semester menerima mahasiswa baru berjumlah 500 sampai dengan 1200 mahasiswa bahkan kedepannya mampu menampung jumlah data yang lebih besar. Untuk dapat membantu para mahasiswa dalam menentukan pilihan program studi di universitas satya negara indonesia membutuhkan suatu sistem secara heuristic yaitu dengan Aplikasi Classtering atau Pengelompokan data Mining menggunakan algoritam K-Means.Berdasarkan sampel data sebanyak 312 data dibagi menjadi 2 angkatan yaitu angkatan informatika 2011 dan 2012. Pada anggota data yang masuk cluster 1 maka akan direkomendasikan untuk masuk ke program studi Teknik Informatika, untuk anggota cluster 2 maka akan direkomendasikan untuk masuk ke program studi Sistem Informasi sedangkan untuk anggota cluster 3 akan rekomendasikan untuk masuk keprogram studi Manajemen Informatika. Hasil yang diperoleh jika perhitungan sistem dengan pusat kluster tersebut dibandingkan dengan hasil penjurusan yang telah dilakukan oleh PMB-USNI sebesar 75,52 %.
Sammelband zur Offenheit in der digitalen Welt erschienen
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Ulrich Herb hat einen lesenswerten Sammelband zum Themenfeld Offenheit in Wissenschaft, Verwaltung und Bildung veröffentlicht. Zwölf Autorinnen und Autoren beleuchten Initiativen deren Ziel es ist, durch Nutzung des Webs, den Zugang zu Information und Wissen zu verbessern. Auszug aus dem Abstract: „Initiativen, die Transparenz, offenen und möglichst einfachen Zugang zu Informationen, etwa in Wissenschaft und Verwaltung fordern und herstellen, gewinnen rasant an Bedeutung und beginnen sich immer weiter zu differenzieren.
Blogportal für die Geisteswissenschaften
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Mareike König, vom Deutsches Historisches Institut Paris (DHIP), berichtet über den Start eines deutschsprachigen Blogportals für die Geisteswissenschaften: http://de.hypotheses.org. Mit diesem soll der Erfolg geisteswissenschaftlicher Blogs in Frankreich in den deutschen Sprachraum getragen werden. „Entstanden ist die Idee vor dem Hintergrund des großen Erfolgs des französischsprachigen Blogportals hypotheses.org.
Web 2.0 – Nutzung und Relevanz in der Wissenschaft
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Eine lesenswerte Studie des Research Information Network (RIN) untersucht die Nutzung und die Bedeutung des Web 2.0 für Forschung und Lehre. Unter dem Titel „If you build it, will they come? How researchers perceive and use Web 2.0“ wird, wenig überraschend, festgestellt, dass Werkzeuge des Web 2.0 auch mittelfristig nur Ergänzungen der etablierten Formen und Mechanismen der Wissenschaftskommunikation sein werden.
Wall Street Journal zu Open Science
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Das Wall Street Journal hat in den vergangenen Wochen drei lesenswerte Artikel zum Thema Open Science veröffentlicht: Michael Nielsen: The New Einsteins Will Be Scientists Who Share, WJS.com, 29.10.2011. „From cancer to cosmology, researchers could race ahead by working together – online and in the open.“ Paul Allen: Why We Chose ‚Open Science‘, WJS.com, 30.11.2011. „To accelerate research breakthroughs on brain diseases, the Allen Institute puts all its data online for use without fees.“ Amy Dockser Marcus: Citizen Scientists, WJS.com, 03.12.2011.
DFG erwartet Aussagen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Jens Klump weist im Zeigertelegraph, dem Blog des Zentrums für Geoinformationstechnologie am Deutschen GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, darauf hin, dass die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) seit April 2010 von Antragstellern Aussagen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten erwartet. In der aktuellen Version des „Leitfaden für Antragsteller“ (Nr. 1.02) heißt es auf Seite 19: Die Verbesserung des Umgangs mit Forschungsdaten hat sowohl bei nationalen und internationalen Forschungsorganisationen, als auch in der Wissenschaft eine hohe Bedeutung.
Videos der APE 2012 online
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Vom 24. bis 25. Januar fand in Berlin die diesjährige “Academic Publishing in Europe” (APE) statt. Die Konferenz bot wie in den letzten Jahren einen interessanten Überblick über die heißen Themen der Verlagsbranche. Die Videoaufzeichnungen der Vorträge sind jetzt auf River Valley TV online. Persönlich fand ich insbesondere den Vortrag von Fred Dylla (AIP) interessant. Er beschreibt seine Sicht auf die politische Diskussion um Open Access in den USA. Dabei geht er auf das schlechte Image der Wissenschaftsverlage und den Research Works Act (RWA) ein.
USA: Neue Gesetzesinitiative zur Förderung von Open Access
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Der „Research Works Act“ , die Gesetzesinitiative, die nationalen Forschungseinrichtungen in den USA jegliches Engagement für den Grünen Weg des Open Access untersagen möchte, hat nun eine Gegenspielerin: den „Federal Research Public Access Act (FRPAA) of 2012“ (PDF). Diese Gesetzesinitiative möchte nationale Forschungseinrichtungen verpflichten, Publikationen, die im Rahmen von geförderten Projekten entstehen, spätestens sechs Monate nach Veröffentlichung in einem referierten Journal frei zugänglich zu machen.
El proceso hacia la gratuidad en la educación universitaria chilena
Authors: Contreras Páez José Luis
Published: August 2023

La gratuidad para la educación universitaria es un tema de la mayor vigencia en Chile. A partir de 2016, se ha hecho efectiva para el grupo de la población de menores ingresos, después de que en la década de los ,80 del siglo pasado todas las universidades empezaran a cobrar aran- celes a sus estudiantes. Al parecer, se está pasando de una mirada de la educación como “bien de consumo” a una perspectiva en que se privilegia su consideración como un “derecho social”. En el proceso de cambio, el “inconsciente colectivo” chileno, siempre ha reconocido como punto de referencia el caso argentino, nación en que hace más de 70 años la universidad es gratuita. En el presente estudio, se establece un paralelo entre ambos procesos de camino a la gratui- dad universitaria: después de algunas consideraciones preliminares que buscan contextualizar la preocupación por el desafío de la educación, su cobertura y el aseguramiento de su calidad, se presenta una síntesis del proceso argentino que, con una mirada de la educación superior como responsabilidad del estado, que busca satisfacer un derecho de las personas, ha tenido sus bemoles y “efectos colaterales no deseados”, como las altas tasas de deserción. A continuación, se profundiza el caso chileno, con énfasis en la última década (en que las demandas sociales han ido poniendo el tema en la palestra) y en las características y alcances que actualmente tiene la gratuidad; finalmente, en el apartado “Desafíos próximos”, se presentan algunos de los retos pendientes y las líneas de acción que probablemente seguirá el camino chileno a la gratuidad.
نظرية التلقي وإشكالية السياق الغائب: ترجمة الأدب ومعضلة الفراغات النصية
Authors: د. علياء محمود باكير
Published: August 2023

Translating literature is an issue that has both positive and negative outcomes, the positive is exhibited in introducing national literature to the world and allowing the reader to have an access to other national literature. The negative outcome is related to several arguments that claim the untranslatability of certain literary elements, therefore the literary experience of reading a literary work differ among international readers as a result of jeopardizing the original work's thoughts and style. However, reading literary works requires an understanding and an interpretation in order to enjoy. This paper argues that the international reader, a reader who read literature through translation, have a very different aesthetic experience that we could call incomplete or misguided. In attempt to demonstrate that, this article aims to highlight some problematic aspects in Reception Theory, using Jauss' model as a main focus on this paper, specifically when dealing with literature in translation. Translations from, or to, Arabic are presented for the purpose of this study.
امكانية استخدام الروبوتات والذكاء الاصطناعي في تطوير الوظائف المالية	دراسة ميدانية على المصارف بمدينة الدمازين
Authors: ألاء أزهري حامد محمد     د. رضوان النيل كندة
Published: August 2023

The study examined the possibility of using Robots and Artificial Intelligence in developing financial functions, the study aimed to get to know robots and artificial intelligence more broadly and present it to society. To achieve the objectives of the study, the study used the descriptive analytical approach, where the study population consists of (70) bank employees in Damazin city. The study used a questionnaire as a data collection tool, and the data was analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program.

The study reached several results, including: that there is a statistically significant relationship between robots and the development of financial functions. The study recommended several recommendations, including: investing in artificial intelligence techniques to develop the capabilities of employees and prepare them for the labor markets, Providing sources and guides that show the importance of robots and artificial intelligence and providing technical and technical support during their use in developing financial functions, And conducting studies on what artificial intelligence and robots achieve in improving employee performance.
أثر تطبيق وظائف إدارة الموارد البشرية في جودة حياة الفرد الوظيفية بمجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة دراسة ميدانية
Authors: د. محمد عبد اشتيوي  , أ. رنــد عمران الأسطل
Published: August 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أثر تطبيق وظائف إدارة الموارد البشرية في جودة حياة الفرد الوظيفية بمجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية بمحافظات غزة. وقد اعتمدت الباحثة فيها المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الدراسة الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات، حيث تكوّن مجتمع الدراسة من جميع الأفراد العاملين في مجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية، والبالغ عددهم (650) موظفاً، وقدّ استخدمت الدراسة العينة عشوائية بسيطة لتمثل المجتمع الحقيقي للدراسة، وكان عدد مفرداتها (200)، تم توزيعها باستخدام أسلوب المسح الشامل لجميع أفراد العينة. وقد أثبتت نتائج الدراسة: أنه يوجد أثر ذُو دلالة إحصائية لتطبيق وظائف إدارة الموارد البشرية في جودة حياة الفرد الوظيفية في مجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية بقطاع غزة، حيث حصلت وظائف إدارة الموارد البشرية على وزن نسبي (77.29%)، وجودة حياة الفرد الوظيفية على وزن نسبي (76.86%).كما بينت عدم وجود فروق بين متوسط تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة بمجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة حول متغيرات الدراسة (وظائف إدارة الموارد البشرية، وجودة حياة الفرد الوظيفية) تُعزى للمتغيرات التالية: (النوع الاجتماعي، المؤهل العلمي، والمسمى الوظيفي)، بينما وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تُعزى لمتغيرَي الفئة العمرية وسنوات الخدمة، لصالح الذين أعمارهم (50) سنة فأكثر، ولصالح الذين سنوات خدمتهم تتراوح من (7) إلى أقل من (14) سنة و(21) سنة فأكثر. وقد أوصت الدراسة بعدة توصيات كان أهمها العمل على تعزيز متطلبات الوظيفة مسبقاً قبل بدء عملية الاستقطاب، والاهتمام في عملية تدريب الموظفين وتنمية مواهبهم الإبداعية؛ لتحقيق أفضل إنتاجية مطلوبة، كما أوصت بزيادة الاهتمام بمعايير الصحة والسلامة المهنية في بيئة العمل الداخلية مجموعة الاتصالات الفلسطينية.
Mating disruption technology: An innovative tool for managing yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Walker) of rice in Indonesia
Authors: Iqbal Muhamad , Marman Maulana , Arintya Fridia , Broms Kristin , Clark Thomas , Srigiriraju Lakshmipathi
Published: August 2023

Yellow stem borer (YSB) of rice, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker, causes significant damage to rice production in Indonesia. YSB management largely depends on insecticide applications and alternative management practices are very few and impractical. Pheromone-mediated mating disruption (MD) is a new way to manage YSB while reducing dependence on conventional insecticides. Pheron™ RSB is an low-density polyethylene (LDPE) MD dispenser, containing 1.25 g of a four-way blended insect sex pheromone components - Z11-Hexadecenal, Z9-Hexadecenal, Z13-Octadecenal, Z9-Octadecenal in a ratio of 75, 8.6, 9.4, and 7 respectively. The objective is to evaluate MD by Pheron™ RSB as a tool for season-long management of YSB. Dispensers were applied at a rate of 20 dispensers/ha in a minimum area of 4 ha. We conducted these trials at 74 locations, non-replicated, across Java, in the wet and dry seasons of 2020–2021 where YSB are endemic and problematic. Efficacy of MD in pheromone foundational practice (PFP) was compared to conventional grower practice (CGP). Trap reduction, a measure of MD was significantly higher (>70%) in PFP as compared to CGP. A major benefit of MD is reduction in damage. Significantly lower damage to rice tillers (40–46%) was seen in PFP compared to CGP. Lower damage in PFP likely protected yield by 0.43 to 0.76 ton/ha compared to CGP. Compared to PFP, CGP required 40–56% higher insecticide applications to manage YSB.  Pheron™ RSB provided season-long MD and proved to be a powerful tool for integrated management of YSB.
Prognosis Analysis of Children with Interrupted Aortic Arch Complicated with Ventricular Septal Defect and Other Associated Intracardiac Defects after One-Stage Radical Surgery
Authors: Song Hailong , Cao Lijing , Zhang Huijun
Published: August 2023

Background: High rates of mortality and aortic arch stenosis have been reported for one-stage radical surgery of interruption of aortic arch (IAA) with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and other associated intracardiac defects, but the sample size of the study is relatively small, and the credibility of the study is not high. The risk factors of death and aortic arch stenosis will be analyzed in a large sample size of infants with IAA, VSD and other associated intracardiac defects after one-stage radical resection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 152 children with IAA, VSD and other associated intracardiac defects from January 2006 to January 2017 who had undergone one-stage radical resection, including 95 cases of type A and 57 cases of type B. January 2006–December 2011 as the early period, and January 2012–January 2017 as the late period. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for mortality and aortic arch stenosis after surgery, the overall survival rate was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the survival curve was drawn by GraphPad Prism 8 software. Results: 22 cases (14.47%) died, 27 cases (17.76%) developed aortic arch stenosis. The 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 85.53%, 85.53%, 85.53%, 84.21%, 78.95% and 75.66%, respectively. Low age (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.551, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.320–0.984, p = 0.004), low body weight (HR = 0.632, 95% CI: 0.313–0.966, p = 0.003), large ratio of VSD diameter/aortic diameter (VSD/AO) (HR = 2.547, 95% CI: 1.095–7.517, p = 0.044), long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (HR = 1.374, 95% CI: 1.000–3.227, p = 0.038), and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) (HR = 3.959, 95% CI: 1.123–9.268, p = 0.015) were independent risk factors for postoperative death. The surgical period (January 2006–December 2011) (HR = 0.439, 95% CI: 0.109–0.964, p = 0.046) and the addition of pericardial anastomosis to the anterior aortic wall (HR = 0.398, 95% CI: 0.182–0.870, p = 0.021) were independent risk factors for postoperative aortic arch stenosis. Conclusions: Children with low age, low body weight, large ratio of VSD/AO, long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, LVOTO, the surgical period (January 2006–December 2011) and pericardial anastomosis with anterior aortic wall have poor prognosis.
Effect of Separating-Area between Apartments on the Speed of Fire Spread in High Rise Residential Buildings
Authors: إسماعيل ريا , خروفة عمر
Published: August 2023

Fire accidents in high-rise residential buildings lead to great loss of life and property and constitute a serious threat to the difficulty of safe evacuation due to the presence of various flammable materials and high population density, so there are great challenges facing architects and specialists in order to improve and develop design methods to protect from fire and reduce losses. The space separating apartments can be a factor influencing the spread of fire, its development, and the speed of its transmission in tall residential buildings. To clarify this, the spread of fire was followed vertically and systematically by simulating the characteristics of fire spread for a 12-story building using the pyrosim program. The simulation results showed that the risk of fire spreading in tall residential buildings increases with the space separating apartments and that the effect of the depth of space is more obvious the greater the width of the space separating apartments. For separating spaces, and thus the research can contribute to choosing the optimal design to increase the chance of safe evacuation in the event of a fire in high-rise residential buildings.
Optimality Theory and Syntactic Constraints in English and Arabic Prepositional Phrases: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Faraj Suhair
Published: August 2023

This research paper aimed to investigate the syntactic constraints that govern the use of prepositional phrases in English and Arabic, using Optimality Theory (OT) framework. A set of English and Arabic sentences containing prepositional phrases were collected and analyzed for constraint violations. This study compared the syntactic structures of prepositional phrases in both languages by examining the case marking, headedness, and subject-verb agreement requirements of OT. The findings indicated that although prepositional phrases are used similarly in Arabic and English, there are also structural variations between them. In particular, the study finds that Arabic prepositional phrases exhibit more markedness and complexity than English preposition phrases, due to the influence of case marking and agreement constraints in OT. The study contributes to our understanding of the syntactic structures of preposition phrases in both languages and highlights the importance of considering the role of syntactic constraints in language comparison studies.
The Measuring of the Strategical Business Management in the Real Estate Agency Industry in Beijing, China
Authors: Kamkankaew Pongsiri , Zhu Jing , Thanitbenjasith Phithagorn
Published: August 2023

Background and Aim: China's economic reforms cause uncertainty, decelerating output, investment, and employment rates, with the real estate sector being the primary focus. This research aims to measure the opinion level of strategic business management in the Real Estate Agency Industry in Beijing, China, and to study the guideline for improving strategic business management in the Real Estate Agency Industry in Beijing, China.
Materials and Methods: This research paper observes the quantitative research methodology. The study will encompass a total of 45 firms operating in the real estate agency industry in Beijing. The present study utilized a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The statistical parameters, including the mean and standard deviation, were employed for the purpose of data analysis and to ascertain the data presented.
 Results: The Beijing real estate agency industry has moderate opinions on strategic management, with moderate scores in evaluation and control, implementation, formulation, and environmental scanning. The study aims to improve strategic business management, focusing on environmental scanning, mission statement, objectives, processes, and control systems.
Conclusion: Beijing real estate agency industry moderates strategic management, focusing on environmental scanning, mission statement, objectives, processes, and control systems. The business strategical management data promotes innovation and communication through compliments and awards. Internal procedures should focus on improving customer service and employee skills, even if data shows business performance is good.
Papel del Servicio de Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico en la notificación de reacciones adversas y actualización de datos de seguridad basados en la evidencia. Desarrollo de caso clínico
Authors: García Martín Diana Laura
Published: August 2023

En este artículo de caso clínico, presentamos como el Farmacéutico Comunitario podría integrar durante la práctica farmacéutica asistencial los Servicios de Atención Farmacéutica orientados a evaluar y mejorar los resultados de medicamentos en salud. El Servicio Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico que tiene como objetivo la detección de Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos, para la prevención y resolución de Resultados Negativos asociados a la Medicación, permite generar datos relacionados con la Farmacovigilancia; de seguridad y efectividad de los medicamentos a través de la notificación de sospechas de reacciones adversas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una erupción cutánea persistente, en el que se despliega un enfoque colaborativo entre el farmacéutico, el médico y el propio paciente para abordar una posible causa subyacente e intervenir ejecutando cambios terapéuticos adecuados.
Evaluación del conocimiento y cumplimiento del tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos tipo 2 en una unidad de salud de la familia
Authors: Vera Rodriguez Patricia , Mastroianni Patricia , Samaniego Silva Lourdes Raquel , Lugo Gladys Beatriz , Maciel Olga Yolanda , Maidana Gladys Mabel
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El grado de conocimiento de los pacientes sobre sus medicamentos está altamente asociado a la mejora de su uso racional y de los resultados de la farmacoterapia. El objetivo fue evaluar el conocimiento y cumplimiento del tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos tipo 2 en una unidad de salud de la familia de la ciudad de Luque.
Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transverso. La selección se realizó por conveniencia y la información se obtuvo a través de entrevistas, durante las visitas domiciliarias de mayo a junio 2021, utilizando un cuestionario estructurado que incluía datos sociodemográficos, y preguntas de la metodología de Dáder y del test de Morisky-Green modificado.
Resultados: De los 50 pacientes entrevistados, el 80 % fueron mujeres, con una edad promedio de 63,04 ± 11,39 años, y con un bajo nivel de estudios. El 100 % eran hipertensos y el 38 % también diabéticos. Los antihipertensivos más prescriptos, ya sea solo o combinados, fueron losartán potásico (50 %), y enalapril maleato (18 %). El 42 % de los diabéticos utilizaban antidiabéticos orales y el 58 % insulina. El 100 % de los pacientes desconoce su tratamiento, y el cumplimiento no superó el 22 %, para ambas patologías.
Conclusiones: Los pacientes no son conocedores adecuados de su tratamiento, y el cumplimiento es muy bajo, por lo que es necesaria la intervención del farmacéutico y la implementación de estrategias educativas que puedan ayudar a mejorar el grado de conocimiento y la adherencia a su tratamiento.
Atención farmacéutica en la bibliografía nacional e internacional
Authors: Albert Sogorb María , Calvo Martinez Andrea , Verdú Calvo Jorge
Published: August 2023

Development of a pharmaceutical evidence-based anticholinergic burden scale for medications commonly used in older adults.

Shizuo Yamada, Masae Mochizuki, Junko Chimoto, Risa Futokoro, Satomi Kagota, kazumasa Shinozuka

https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.14619

Inpatient pharmacists using a readmission risk model in supporting discharge medication reconciliation to reduce unplanned hospital readmissions: a quality improvement intervention

Gallagher D, Groenlandia M, Lindquist D, et al.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001560

Factors associated with the identification of drug therapy problems among older patients in Primary Health Care.

Bianca Menezes Dias, Djenane Ramalho-de-Oliveira, Bruna Damazio Santos, et al.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2022AO6544
The Level of Mindfulness Among Bilingual and Monolingual Students: A Comparative Study
Authors: Abu Hassan Leena , Tal Shadia
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to determine the level of mindfulness for both bilingual and monolingual students, and to examine the significant differences in the level of mindfulness, attributed to the variables of language, sex, and the interaction between them. To achieve the aim of the study, two schools were selected randomly, one from bilingual schools, and the other one from monolingual schools of Jerusalem area. The sample consisted of (80) male and female students, (40) were students from the twelfth grade of bilingual schools, half male, and half female. And (40) students from the twelfth grade from single-language schools; half male and half female. To achieve aim of the study, the descriptive approach was used, and the five faces of Mindfulness Scale (Baer et al., 2006) was applied, after translating and verifying it’s validity and reliability. Results showed that the mindfulness level of Bilingual students was “mean”, and that the "Observation" dimension comes in the first rank, with "high level"; while the "Non-Judgment" came in the last rank, at a “mean" level. Results also indicated that the level of mindfulness of monolinguals was "mean" and that "observation" dimension comes first with first with "mean" level, while the "Non- Judgment" came last at a "mean" level. The study also revealed significant differences in Mindfulness due to language, in favor of bilingual students. Whereas, results, indicated no significant differences in all dimensions of Mindfulness, due to the language, except for the "Observation" and "Description" dimensions, in favor of bilinguals. Results also revealed no significant differences in all dimensions of Mindfulness, except, the "Observation'' dimension, due to sex, in favor of females. Results also showed no significant differences due to the interaction between language and sex in all dimensions of Mindfulness.
Vízözön-történetek és a vízözön perszonifikációja az ókori Mezopotámiában
Authors: Bácskay András
Published: August 2023

Bár a mezopotámiai vallási hagyományban nincs jelen a biblikus hagyományhoz hasonló Apokalipszis, azonban a jelen tanulmányban vizsgált vízözön-történetek ugyancsak az emberiség elpusztítását írják le. E munkában először összefoglalom a vízözön-narratívát tartalmazó első mezopotámiai szövegek felfedezését, majd bemutatom az ókori Mezopotámiából ismert narratívákat tartalmazó irodalmi szövegeket, illetve az eseményre utaló egyéb szövegtípusokat, végül pedig olyan forrásokat tárgyalok, amelyek a vízözönre mint az isteni szférához kapcsolódó pusztító erő perszonifikációjára vonatkoztathatók.
A német egység és a regionális felzárkóztatás társadalmi gazdasági jellegzetességei
Authors: Knoll-Csete Edit
Published: August 2023

Németország lassan 33 éve újra egységes, a 2022-es ünnepségek mottója az együttesen növekedni, „Zusammenwachsen” volt. Aktuálisan a német egység politika abból indul ki, hogy a két országrész felzárkózása, összenövése sikeresen befejeződött, így jelenleg a covidregeneráció, az energiaválság, az élelmiszerválság, a klímaválság, a munkaerőhiány, a migráció kezelése, az ukrajnai háború, a beszállítórendszerek újragondolása, az energiaszektor strukturális átalakítása állnak a középpontban az „Új remény - Neue Hoffnung” jegyében. Ugyanakkor a német egység napja alkalmából készített INSA-felmérés szerint a németek többsége nem tartja sikeresnek az egységesülési folyamatot. A megkérdetett nyugatnémetek 47 százaléka, illetve a keletnémetek 56 százaléka elégedetlen. Csupán 44 százaléknyi nyugatnémet és 33 százaléknyi keletnémet beszél sikeres egységről. Jelen cikkemben ezt a több mint harminc éves kohéziós folyamatot vizsgálom meg, illetve elemzem, különös hangsúlyt helyezve a regionális politika eszközrendszerére, valamint a két Németországban párhuzamosan lezajlott támogatási programokra, továbbá a regionalitást, a tartományok közötti párbeszédet garantáló intézményekre.
Model DPSIR jako narzędzie efektywnego zarządzania jakością powietrza
Authors: Adamiec Ewa , Bartyzel Jakub , Jarosz-Krzemińska Elżbieta , Pełech-Pilichowski Tomasz , Rzeszutek Mateusz , Zyśk Janusz
Published: August 2023

Decyzje i działania (odpowiedzi) podejmowane na podstawie pełnej i wiarygodnej analizy czynników sprawczych, presji, zmiany parametrów stanu i ich wpływu na środowisko, społeczeństwo oraz gospodarkę mogą z dużym prawdopodobieństwem w długoterminowej perspektywie przynieść pożądane efekty. W artykule opisano model DPSIR (driving forces, pressures, state, impact, responses; odpowiednio: czynniki sprawcze, presje, stan, wpływ, odpowiedzi) służący do szczegółowej analizy interakcji pomiędzy czynnikami antropogenicznymi a środowiskiem. Tworzony model DPSIR będzie skutecznym narzędziem do zarządzania jakością powietrza. W artykule przedstawiono badania prowadzone w Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej, które zostaną wykorzystane jako jedne z wielu danych wejściowych w powstającym modelu DPSIR. Opracowywany model będzie jednym ze składowych zaawansowanego narzędzia tworzonego na AGH, w ramach Obserwatorium Transformacji Energetycznej (OTE), które umożliwi przygotowanie rekomendacji optymalnych działań dotyczących realizacji polityki energetycznej i poprawy jakości powietrza w Polsce.
Ścieżki transformacji polskiej energetyki
Authors: Suwała Wojciech , Wyrwa Artur , Tokarski Stanisław
Published: August 2023

W artykule omówiono cztery ścieżki transformacji krajowego systemu elektroenergetycznego prowadzące do obniżenia emisji CO2 do poziomu 10 mln ton w 2050 r., zróżnicowane pod względem roli, jaką odgrywają w nich wybrane technologie energetyczne. Zostały one opracowane za pomocą modeli TIMES-PL oraz MEDUSA, w których optymalizowano rozwój krajowego systemu elektroenergetycznego pod kątem najniższych kosztów osiągnięcia celu dekarbonizacji. Z przedstawionych w artykule badań wynika, że zapewnienie ciągłości dostaw energii, która w przyszłości będzie wytwarzana przede wszystkim ze źródeł odnawialnych, wymaga znaczącego udziału źródeł sterowalnych (jądrowych lub klasycznych, wyposażonych w systemy sekwestracji dwutlenku węgla) oraz magazynów energii.
Self-formation of concentric zones of telencephalic and ocular tissues and directional retinal ganglion cell axons
Authors: Liu Wei , Shrestha Rupendra , Lowe Albert , Zhang Xusheng , Spaeth Ludovic
Published: August 2023

The telencephalon and eye in mammals are originated from adjacent fields at the anterior neural plate. Morphogenesis of these fields generates telencephalon, optic-stalk, optic-disc, and neuroretina along a spatial axis. How these telencephalic and ocular tissues are specified coordinately to ensure directional retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon growth is unclear. Here, we report the self-formation of human telencephalon-eye organoids comprising concentric zones of telencephalic, optic-stalk, optic-disc, and neuroretinal tissues along the center-periphery axis. Initially-differentiated RGCs grew axons towards and then along a path defined by adjacent PAX2+ optic-disc cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of CONCEPT organoids not only confirmed telencephalic and ocular identities but also identified expression signatures of early optic-disc, optic-stalk, and RGCs. These signatures were similar to those in human fetal retinas. Optic-disc cells in CONCEPT organoids differentially expressed
FGF8
and
FGF9
; FGFR inhibitions drastically decreased RGC differentiation and directional axon growth. Through the identified RGC-specific cell-surface marker CNTN2, electrophysiologically-excitable RGCs were isolated under a native condition. Our findings provide insight into the coordinated specification of early telencephalic and ocular tissues in humans and establish resources for studying RGC-related diseases such as glaucoma.A human telencephalon-eye organoid model that exhibited axon growth and pathfinding from retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons is reported; via cell surface marker CNTN2 identified using scRNA-seq, early RGCs were isolated under a native condition.
Evidence suggesting creatine as a new central neurotransmitter: presence in synaptic vesicles, release upon stimulation, effects on cortical neurons and uptake into synaptosomes and synaptic vesicles
Authors: Bian Xiling , Zhu Jiemin , Jia Xiaobo , Liang Wenjun , Yu Sihan , Rao Yi
Published: August 2023

It has never been easy to discover a new neurotransmitter, especially one in the central nervous system (CNS). We have been searching for new neurotransmitters for 12 years. We detected creatine (Cr) in synaptic vesicles (SVs), at a level lower than glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) but higher than acetylcholine (ACh) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). SV Cr was reduced in mice lacking either arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT, a Cr synthetase) or SLC6A8, a Cr transporter with mutations among the most common causes of intellectual disability (ID) in men. Calcium-dependent release of Cr was detected after stimulation in brain slices. Cr release was reduced in SLC6A8 and AGAT mutants. Cr inhibited neocortical pyramidal neurons. SLC6A8 was necessary for Cr uptake into synaptosomes. Cr was found by us to be taken up into SVs in an ATP dependent manner. Thus, our biochemical, chemical, genetic and electrophysiological results suggest Cr as a neurotransmitter, illustrate a novel approach to discover neurotransmitters and provide a new basis for ID pathogenesis.
Transcriptomic atlas of midbrain dopamine neurons uncovers differential vulnerability in a Parkinsonism lesion model
Authors: Salmani Behzad Yaghmaeian , Lahti Laura , Gillberg Linda , Jacobsen Jesper Kjaer , Mantas Ioannis , Svenningsson Per , Perlmann Thomas
Published: August 2023

Midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons comprise diverse cells with unique innervation targets and functions. This is illustrated by the selective sensitivity of mDA neurons of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) in patients with Parkinson’s disease, while those in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are relatively spared. Here we used single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of approximately 70,000 mouse midbrain cells to build a high-resolution atlas of mouse mDA neuron diversity at the molecular level. The results showed that differences between mDA neuron groups could best be understood as a continuum without sharp differences between subtypes. Thus, we assigned mDA neurons to several “territories” and “neighborhoods” within a shifting gene expression landscape where boundaries are gradual rather than discrete. Based on the enriched gene expression patterns of these territories and neighborhoods, we were able to localize them in the adult mouse midbrain. Moreover, because the underlying mechanisms for the variable sensitivities of diverse mDA neurons to pathological insults are not well understood, we analyzed surviving neurons after partial 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions to unravel gene expression patterns that correlate with mDA neuron vulnerability and resilience. Together, this atlas provides a basis for further studies on the neurophysiological role of mDA neurons in health and disease.
Basolateral amygdala oscillations enable fear learning in a biophysical model
Authors: Cattani Anna , Arnold Don B , McCarthy Michelle , Kopell Nancy
Published: August 2023

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is a key site where fear learning takes place through synaptic plasticity. Rodent research shows prominent low theta (∼3-6 Hz), high theta (∼6-12 Hz), and gamma (>30 Hz) rhythms in the BLA local field potential recordings. However, it is not understood what role these rhythms play in supporting the plasticity. Here, we create a biophysically detailed model of the BLA circuit to show that several classes of interneurons (PV+, SOM+, and VIP+) in the BLA can be critically involved in producing the rhythms; these rhythms promote the formation of a dedicated fear circuit shaped through rhythmic gating of spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Each class of interneurons is necessary for the plasticity. We find that the low theta rhythm is a biomarker of successful fear conditioning. Finally, we discuss how the peptide released by the VIP+ cell may alter the dynamics of plasticity to support the necessary fine timing.
Parent perceptions regarding virtual pediatric dental clinics during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Sara Ayid
Published: August 2023

Objective

To assess the attitudes and responses of parents of pediatric patients towards virtual dental clinics during COVID-19.

Material and Method

A total of 102 parents of pediatric patients who were scheduled for virtual (video or telephonic) clinic appointments for new patient consultations and follow-up clinics were included in the study. Parents and patients could attend the virtual clinic from a personal computer, tablet, or smartphone. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was sent to the parents through email after consultation (video or telephonic) which consisted of demographic data and a ten-item, five-point Likert-scale assessing: (i) parent satisfaction; (ii) ease of use; (iii) the effectiveness including increasing access to clinical services; (iv) reliability of the teledentistry system and (v) usefulness for patients. Statistical analyses used weret-test, one-way ANOVA test, Shapiro–Wilk and histogram.

Result

Out of 102 parents, 52 attended video clinics and 50 attended the telephonic clinic. The majority of the parents were between 30–39 years of age, and about 73% had no previous experience with either virtual or telephonic consultation. Ninety-four percent of parents were satisfied with vide clinic consultation, and most of them agreed that accessing clinical services through a video clinic was easy to understand, comfortable, and time-saving. The majority of the parents (94%) agreed and strongly agreed that they will use video clinics again in the future for consultation.

Conclusion

Parents’ response to the use of virtual clinics for pediatric dentistry during COVID was positive. The majority of the parents stated that they would consider using teledentistry for future consultation.
Chemical diversity and antifouling activity of geniculate calcareous algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Ellen A. de S. , Oliveira Juliana de A.S. , Araújo Priscila R. , Tâmega Frederico T.S. , Coutinho Ricardo , Soares Angelica R.
Published: August 2023

Marine biofouling is a natural process by which many organisms colonize and grow in submerged structures, causing serious economic consequences for the maritime industry. Geniculate calcareous algae (GCA; Corallinales, Rhodophyta) produce bioactive secondary metabolites and are a promise for new antifouling compounds. Here, we investigated the antifouling activity of four GCA species—Amphiroa beauvoisii, Jania sagittata (formerly Cheilosporum sagittatum), Jania crassa, and Jania prolifera (formerly Amphiroa flabellata)—from the Brazilian coast against macro- and microorganisms. Simultaneously, metabolomic tools were applied to assess the chemical profiles of these seaweeds using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Data analysis by principal component and molecular networking analyses used the global natural products social molecular networking platform (GNPS). Our results showed that all extracts were active against different strains of marine bacteria and that the J. sagittata (JsSI) extract showed the highest percentage of bacterial inhibition. The J. sagittata (JsSI) extract was the most active against the mussel Perna perna, showing 100% byssus inhibition. Regarding toxicity, only the J. crassa (JcP) extract showed a 20% mortality rate. The chemical profiles of the evaluated GCA extracts differed qualitatively and quantitatively. Yet, the steroid (3β)-cholest-5-en-3-ol was the major compound commonly identified in all extracts, with the exception of J. sagittata (JsSI). Moreover, we observed intra- and interspecific chemical variabilities among GCA extracts for the different populations, which could explain their antifouling activity variability. This study contributed new information about the chemical compounds produced by this group of seaweeds and showed its antifouling potential. These GCA species may be the subject of future studies to obtain new bioactive compounds with biotechnological potential in maritime areas.
Lethal and sublethal effects of flubendiamide and spirotetramat against the leaf worm, Spodoptera litura(Fabricius) under laboratory conditions
Authors: un-Nisa Erum , Ahmad Munir , Sheikh Umer Ayyaz Aslam , Imran Muhammad , Parveen Nighat , Rahim Junaid
Published: August 2023

The leaf worm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a notorious insect pest of many economically important cultivated crops like cotton, maize, tobocco and vegetables causing severe economic losses from 50–100%. In most crops, damage arises due to voracious feeding by the larvae and leads to the skeletonizing of leaves. Toxicological studies were performed to estimate lethal and sublethal levels of flubendiamide and spirotetramat against S. litura. Effects of these estimated values were assessed on different biological traits of S. litura including life duration, survival and next generation potential. Both flubendiamide and spirotetramat showed toxic responses against second instar larvae of S. litura under laboratory conditions. Larval duration and survival rate of S. litura to were significantly different. Exposure to test insecticides resulted in negative effect on the demography of S. litura as longer life cycle and decreased fecundity. Changes in net reproductive rate and intrinsic rate of increase also helped to decide the fate of these insecticides. Low reproductive potential and low hatching percentage due to exposure to test insecticides can help to manage next generation of target pest. These two new chemistry insecticides can be recommended for their effective and long-term utilization against this important leaf feeder which may help its management and decrease economic losses faced by the growers. Their impact on larval duration and low survival rate at lethal levels guides about their potential in pest control.
Response surface methodology for the mixed fungal fermentation of Codonopsis pilosula straw using Trichoderma reesei and Coprinus comatus
Authors: Wei Ti , Chen Hongfu , Wu Dengyu , Gao Dandan , Cai Yong , Cao Xin , Xu Hongwei , Yang Jutian , Guo Penghui
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the cellulose degradation rate (CDR) and lignin degradation rate (LDR) of Codonopsis pilosula straw (CPS) and the optimal fermentation parameters for mixed fungal fermentation. Single-factor tests were used to study the effects of the fungal ratio (Trichoderma reesei: Coprinus comatus), fungal inoculum, corn flour content, and fermentation time on the degradation rate of cellulose and lignin. Based on the results of this experiment, the optimal fermentation factors were identified, and the effects of various factors and their interactions on the degradation rates of cellulose and lignin were further evaluated using the response surface method. The quadratic polynomial mathematical model of degradation rates of the cellulose and lignin in CPS by mixed fungus fermentation was established using Design Expert software v8.0.6. Under the optimal parameters for fungal fermentation of CPS straw (fungal ratio 4:6, fungal inoculum 8%, corn flour content 10%, fermentation time of 15 d), the CDR and LDR reached 13.65% and 10.73%, respectively. Collectively, the mixed fungal fermentation of CPS resulted in decreased lignin and cellulose content, better retention of nutrients, and enhanced fermentation quality. The results of this study indicate that fermentation using Trichoderma reesei and Coprinus comatus is a productive method for straw degradation, providing a theoretical basis for the development of CPS as feed.
Prognostic and clinicopathological role of RACK1 for cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Qiuhao , Jiang Sixin , Wu Yuqi , Zhang You , Huang Mei , Qiu Yan , Luo Xiaobo
Published: August 2023

Background

The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) expression is associated with clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of various cancers; however, the conclusions are controversial. As a result, this study aimed to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic values of RACK1 expression in patients with cancer.

Methodology

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were comprehensively explored from their inception to April 20, 2023, for selecting studies on the clinicopathological and prognostic role of RACK1 in patients with cancer that met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognosis-predictive value of RACK1 expression, while pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were used to evaluate the correlation between RACK1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancer. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results

Twenty-two studies (13 on prognosis and 20 on clinicopathological characteristics) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings indicated that high RACK1 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.13–2.33; P = 0.009; I2 = 89%) and reversely correlated with disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.22–2.88; P = 0.004; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, increased RACK1 expression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion/N+ stage (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.04–2.90; P = 0.04; I2 = 79%) of tumors.

Conclusions

RACK1 may be a global predictive marker of poor prognosis in patients with cancer and unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. However, further clinical studies are required to validate these findings.