bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethics and legal requirements for data linkage in 14 European countries for children with congenital anomalies
Authors: Claridge Hugh , Tan Joachim , Loane Maria , Garne Ester , Barisic Ingeborg , Cavero-Carbonell Clara , Dias Carlos , Gatt Miriam , Jordan Susan , Khoshnood Babak , Kiuru-Kuhlefelt Sonja , Klungsoyr Kari , Mokoroa Carollo Olatz , Nelen Vera , Neville Amanda J , Pierini Anna , Randrianaivo Hanitra , Rissmann Anke , Tucker David , de Walle Hermien , Wertelecki Wladimir , Morris Joan K
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Linking healthcare data sets can create valuable resources for research, particularly when investigating rare exposures or outcomes. However, across Europe, the permissions processes required to access data can be complex. This paper documents the processes required by the EUROlinkCAT study investigators to research the health and survival of children with congenital anomalies in Europe.

Methods

Eighteen congenital anomaly registries in 14 countries provided information on all the permissions required to perform surveillance of congenital anomalies and to link their data on live births with available vital statistics and healthcare databases for research. Small number restrictions imposed by data providers were also documented.

Results

The permissions requirements varied substantially, with certain registries able to conduct congenital anomaly surveillance as part of national or regional healthcare provision, while others were required to obtain ethics approvals or informed consent. Data linkage and analysis for research purposes added additional layers of complexity for registries, with some required to obtain several permissions, including ethics approvals to link the data. Restrictions relating to small numbers often resulted in a registry’s data on specific congenital anomalies being unusable.

Conclusion

The permissions required to obtain and link data on children with congenital anomalies varied greatly across Europe. The variation and complexity present a significant obstacle to the use of such data, especially in large data linkage projects. Furthermore, small number restrictions severely limited the research that could be performed for children with specific rare congenital anomalies.
Assessment of risk factors associated with surgical site infection following abdominal surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Marzoug Omer A , Anees Ahmed , Malik Elfatih M
Published: July 2023

Objective

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections occurring following 1%–3% of all surgical procedures. Their rates are the highest following abdominal surgery. They are still associated with increased morbidity and healthcare costs despite the advancement in the medical field. Many risk factors for SSIs following abdominal surgery have been identified. The aim of this study is to comprehensively assess these risk factors as published in peer-reviewed journals.

Design

A systematic review was conducted with accordance to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.

Setting

The databases for search were PubMed and Cochrane Library, in addition to reference lists. Studies were retrieved and assessed for their quality. Data were extracted in a designed form, and a stratified synthesis of data was conducted to report the significant risk factors.

Participants

Patients undergoing general abdominal surgery.

Intervention

The intervention of general abdominal surgery.

Main outcome measures

To identify and assess the risk factors for SSI following abdominal surgery.

Results

Literature search yielded 813 articles, and the final screening process identified 11 eligible studies. The total number of patients is 11 996. The rates of SSI ranged from 4.09% to 26.7%. Nine studies were assessed to be of high quality, the remaining two studies have moderate quality. Stratified synthesis of data was performed for risk factors using summary measures (OR/risk ratio, 95% CI, and p value). Male sex and increased body mass index (BMI) were identified as significant demographic risk factors, and long operative time was among the major significant procedure-related risk factors.

Conclusions

Male sex, increased BMI, diabetes, smoking, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of >2, low albumin level, low haemoglobin level, preoperative hospital stay, long operative time, emergency procedure, open surgical approach, increased wound class, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative infection, perioperative blood transfusion, and use of drains are potential independent risk factors for SSI following abdominal surgery.
Observational constraints on a logarithmic scalar field dark energy model and black hole mass evolution in the Universe
Authors: Wang Dan , Koussour M. , Malik Adnan , Myrzakulov N. , Mustafa G.
Published: July 2023

We propose a logarithmic parametrization form of energy density for the scalar field dark energy in the framework of the standard theory of gravity, which supports the necessary transition from the decelerated to the accelerated behavior of the Universe. The model under consideration is constrained by available observational data, including cosmic chronometers data-sets (CC), Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data-sets, and Supernovae (SN) data-sets, consisting of only two parameters $$\alpha $$
α
and $$\beta $$
β
. The combined CC+BAO+SN data-sets yields a transition redshift of $$z_{tr}=0.79^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$$

z

tr

=
0
.

79

-
0.02

+
0.02

, where the model exhibits signature-flipping and is consistent with recent observations. For the combined data-sets, the present value of the deceleration parameter is calculated to be $$q_{0}=-0.43^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$$

q
0

=
-
0
.

43

-
0.06

+
0.06

. Furthermore, the analysis yields constraints on both the parameter density value for matter and the present value of the Hubble parameter, with values of $$\Omega _{m0}=0.25849^{+0.00026}_{-0.00025}$$

Ω

m
0

=
0
.

25849

-
0.00025

+
0.00026

and $$H_{0}=67.79_{-0.59}^{+0.59}$$

H
0

=
67
.

79

-
0.59

+
0.59

km/s/Mpc, respectively, consistent with the results obtained from Planck 2018. Finally, the study investigates how the mass of a black hole evolves over time in a Universe with both matter and dark energy. It reveals that the black hole mass increases initially but stops increasing as dark energy dominates.
NUDT15 Haplotypes and Diplotypes Predict Thiopurine-Induced Leukopenia and the Influence of Prolonged Exposure to Azathioprine on Hematologic Indices in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Jiang Wenyu , Wu Shasha , Lu Meijiao , Tian Jiahui , Cui Xiufang , Mao Xiaqiong , Jiao Chunhua , Tang Nana , Ma Jingjing , Zhang Hongjie
Published: July 2023

Background. NUDT15 gene polymorphisms have been identified to predispose Asian patients with an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to thiopurine-induced leukopenia. This study predicted the influence of NUDT15 haplotypes and diplotypes on azathioprine (AZA)-induced leukopenia as well as the long-term influence of AZA on hematologic parameters in IBD. Methods. 194 IBD patients were tested for NUDT15 genotypes. We collected clinical data of 80 patients with AZA treatment including adverse events, dosage, white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet (PLT) count, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) after AZA initiation. Patients without adverse events and drug withdrawal were followed up for at least one year. The relationship between NUDT15 haplotypes and diplotypes and leukopenia was analyzed. Results. The haplotypes NUDT15 c.415C > T and c.36_37insGGAGTC as well as the diplotypes NUDT15

∗

1/

∗

2,

∗

3/

∗

3, and

∗

3/

∗

5 were significantly associated with AZA-induced leukopenia. Only one patient with NUDT15 c.52G > A experienced leukopenia. NUDT15

∗

1/

∗

3 was not associated with leukopenia. After AZA initiation, the WBC count showed a downward trend in both wild types and mutants. The mean of WBC count in the mutant group at 1st month after AZA initiation was lower than that in the wild-type group (

P
=
0.006

). The MCV increased gradually in mutant cases (

P
=
0.039

), and the differences were obvious at 6th and 12th months compared with the baseline (

P
=
0.014
 
a
n
d
 
P
=
0.042

, respectively). The PLT count showed a decreasing trend in the mutant group, but there was no difference until 11 months after initiating treatment (

P
=
0.023

). The final dose of AZA in the NUDT15 mutant group was significantly lower than that in the wild-type group (

P
=
0.006

). Conclusion. NUDT15 polymorphisms may be an appropriate predictor of AZA abnormal hematologic indices in IBD patients. It is necessary for IBD patients to monitor hematological indices and optimize AZA therapy.
New Teachers’ Awareness of Mathematical Misconceptions in Elementary Students and Their Solution Provision Capabilities
Authors: Moosapoor Mansooreh
Published: July 2023

Misconceptions are among the barriers that prevent students from mastering mathematics. Since teachers are essential in student education, their awareness of misconceptions helps students to learn effectively. Therefore, it is crucial to know whether teachers, especially new teachers, are capable of identifying and resolving misconceptions. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree of mathematical misconceptions awareness among the new teachers of elementary schools in Iran and their ability to provide solutions. The sample consisted of 225 new teachers who graduated from Farhangian University and worked in Gilan province, Iran. We used a multiple-choice questionnaire, followed by a semistructured oral interview, to gather data. Findings revealed that the degree of mathematical misconceptions awareness in 78.2% of new teachers is at “good” and “very good” levels. On the other hand, 72.9% of teachers have a “weak” to “medium” solution provision capability when faced with misconceptions. Also, there is no discernible difference between gender and mathematical misconceptions awareness. The study showed a significant association between new teachers’ knowledge of mathematical misconceptions and their ability to address them. By highlighting the abilities and limitations of teachers in spotting and correcting students’ misconceptions, the study’s findings serve as a basis for reform in teaching and learning mathematics.
Follow Me Going Out: Cross-Border Investment of Domestic Venture Capital and Overseas Listing of Portfolio Companies
Authors: Yu Junyue , Wang Han , Feng Bing
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the impact of cross-border investment of domestic venture firms (VCs) on the overseas listings of their domestic portfolio companies. Using a sample of 1,439 domestic VCs’ first-round domestic investment events collected by Crunchbase and PEDATA, we find that the more cross-border investment experience domestic VCs have, the more likely their domestic portfolio companies are to go public outside China. The findings remain robust after using the instrumental variable method to eliminate endogeneity, the Heckman two-stage regression method to eliminate sample selection bias, and the exclusion of a portion of the sample for reregression. In addition, we further find that foreign VCs participating in follow-on financing play a mediating role in the relationship between the cross-border investments of domestic VCs and the overseas listings of their portfolio companies. This paper reveals the critical path for domestic VCs to go out and bring in foreign VCs to promote overseas listings of domestic firms. The findings of this paper are critical to the layout of domestic VCs’ internationalization strategy and the sustainable development of domestic firms.
Evaluating the Final Color of Restorations with Three CAD/CAM Core Materials (Co–Cr, Zirconia, and PEEK), Veneered by Two Methods (Indirect CAD/CAM Composite and Heat-Pressed Ceramics)
Authors: Chitsaz Foujan , Kaboudani Shima , Khoshkhounejad Nikfam , Zeighami Somayeh
Published: July 2023

Background. This study aimed to evaluate the final color of restorations with three different core materials (Co–Cr, Zirconia, and PEEK) veneered with heat-pressed ceramic or CAD/CAM composite. Methods. Forty cores in the form of square with dimensions of 10 × 10 mm and thickness of 0.5 mm were milled from Zirconia and Co–Cr blocks and were veneered with either A2 shade CAD/CAM composite resin or heat-press ceramic (n = 10). Ten samples from polyetheretherketone blocks were only veneered with composite resins. A2 shade veneer material with 2 mm served as control for color evaluation of samples. Color parameters were measured by spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results. The mean color differences between Co–Cr, Zirconia and PEEK samples veneered with composite and the control sample were 2.91 (±0.45), 3.24 (±0.33), and 2.75 (±0.35) and for Co–Cr and Zirconia in ceramic groups were 6.46 (±0.32) and 1.97 (±0.19), respectively. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test showed a significant difference between the core groups veneered with ceramic (

P
≤
0.001

). The type of core material in the composite veneered samples, however, did not make a significant difference (

P
=
0.186

). All groups except for Co–Cr-ceramic showed clinically acceptable results (ΔE < 3.7). Conclusion. Type of core material presented significant effect on the final color of restorations when ceramic was used as a veneer material. Conversely, the final color of composite veneer restorations is not affected by the core type. CAD/CAM composites can provide adequate color coverage for different core materials without exceeding a minimum clinically acceptable thickness.
“Winging It”: An Exploration of the Self-Perceived Professional Identity of Social Prescribing Link Workers
Authors: Moore Coco , Unwin Peter , Evans Nick , Howie Frances
Published: July 2023

The practice of social prescribing (SP) has been rapidly expanding throughout the UK in recent years. The role of SP link workers (SPLWs) currently has no nationally prescribed requirements in terms of qualifications, background, or experience. This qualitative study of 13 SPLWs using semi-structured interviews is believed to be the first exploration of perceptions of their professional identity and the agency and structure within their roles. SPLWs reported feeling caught between biomedical and biopsychosocial models of health. Some identified with clinical healthcare teams, whilst others preferred non-medical and community-based identities. SPLWs valued professional flexibility and freedom, though were concerned this was becoming increasingly restricted. They reported filling gaps in the health system and absorbing more risk and complexity than they believed was reflected in their training or pay. Despite this, SPLWs demonstrated consistent core values of person-centredness, holistic practice, and a strength-based approach. A more consistent approach to professional identity is recommended as a way forward for SP.
Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes Associated with Milk Production Traits in Holstein and Its Crossbred Cattle: A Review
Authors: Bekele R. , Taye M. , Abebe G. , Meseret S.
Published: July 2023

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful tool for identifying genomic regions and causative genes associated with economically important traits in dairy cattle, particularly complex traits, such as milk production. This is possible due to advances in next-generation sequencing technology. This review summarized information on identified candidate genes and genomic regions associated with milk production traits in Holstein and its crossbreds from various regions of the world. Milk production traits are important in dairy cattle breeding programs because of their direct economic impact on the industry and their close relationship with nutritional requirements. GWAS has been used in a large number of studies to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with milk production traits in dairy cattle. Many genomic regions and candidate genes have already been identified in Holstein and its crossbreds. Genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that significantly affect milk yield (MY) were found in all autosomal chromosomes except chromosomes 27 and 29. Half of the reported SNPs associated with fat yield and fat percentage were found on chromosome 14. However, a large number of significant SNPs for protein yield (PY) and protein percentage were found on chromosomes 1, 5, and 20. Approximately 155 SNPs with significant influence on multiple milk production traits have been identified. Several promising candidate genes, including diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, plectin, Rho GTPase activating protein 39, protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 16A, and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 5 were found to have pleiotropic effects on all five milk production traits. Thus, to improve milk production traits it is of practical relevance to focus on significant SNPs and pleiotropic genes frequently found to affect multiple milk production traits.
Microsurgical Varicocelectomy: Experience of Our Sub-Subinguinal Approach and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Hanchao , Chen Rui , Wu Xiaolong , Zhang Mingxiao , Li Zhengzheng , Hua Lin , Zhan Junfeng , Dong Biao , Wang Zhenqing , Sun Zhuolun , Li Xiaotao , Liu Jiaqin , Wang Xiaodong , Shen Ming , Xie Chong , Jiang Zhuanxin
Published: July 2023

Objective. To discuss the experience with a novel surgical approach in the treatment of varicocele for fertility or pain in 772 patients. Methods. Retrospective analysis of 772 patients undergoing microsurgical sub-subinguinal (SSI) varicocelectomy in our hospital and the discussion of historical surgical approaches. Results. A total of 690 patients with left varicocele underwent surgical treatment for infertility (n = 519) and pain (n = 171). The sperm concentrations (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) of 519 patients measured preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively were 19.24 ± 3.69 (106/ml), 27.42 ± 10.32 (106/ml), and 34.20 ± 16.29 (106/ml) (

 

∗
∗

P
<
0.01

), respectively. The sperm motilities (mean ± SD) of 519 patients measured preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively were 13.78 ± 3.25, 20.98 ± 8.21, and 27.59 ± 13.71 (grade (a + b) %) (

 

∗
∗

P
<
0.01

), respectively. Pain was released surgically in 131 (76.6%) of the 171 patients. A total of 82 patients with bilateral varicocele underwent surgical treatment for infertility (n = 58) and pain (n = 24). The sperm concentrations (mean ± SD) of 58 patients measured preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively were 19.21 ± 3.24 (106/ml), 27.36 ± 10.26 (106/ml), and 33.87 ± 15.20 (106/ml) (

 

∗
∗

P
<
0.01

), respectively. The sperm motilities (mean ± SD) of 58 patients measured preoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively were 13.54 ± 2.75, 20.75 ± 8.21, and 28.53 ± 14.83 (grade (a + b) %) (

 

∗
∗

P
<
0.01

), respectively. Pain was released surgically in 19 (79.2%) of the 24 patients. The probability of occurrence in one artery, two arteries, three arteries, and more than three arteries was 29.5%, 28.8%, 19.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. Conclusion. This surgical approach achieves a small and esthetic skin wound with fewer complications. The SSI approach is a safe and widely adopted surgical approach option for the treatment of varicocele.
Um poeta nosso: a luta por Os Lusíadas após a morte de Camões
Authors: Martínez Miguel
Published: July 2023

Ao estudar algumas das primeiras traduções para o inglês e para o espanhol de Os Lusíadas, de Luís de Camões, este artigo explora a luta política e cultural pelo significado e propriedade da épica portuguesa no início da Modernidade europeia. Pouco depois da morte do poeta, duas versões castelhanas do poema foram publicadas em 1580, o mesmo ano da anexação de Portugal e seus territórios além-mar por Felipe II à sua nova monarquia global. Em 1655, alguns anos após a revolta portuguesa contra o domínio espanhol, o poeta monarquista Richard Fanshawe publicou a primeira tradução inglesa de Os Lusíadas em um cenário de cada vez mais políticas intervencionistas do Protetorado Britânico com relação ao conflito nacional e imperial entre os reinos ibéricos. Ao permitir a produção, redistribuição e novo consumo de capital literário, a tradução torna-se uma prática textual especificamente imperial que faz parte da competição internacional por hegemonia política e cultural. Este artigo, portanto, busca fornecer a base para a geopolítica da luta cultural imperial em torno de Os Lusíadas no início da Modernidade europeia.
Camões e o Sonho Erótico de Luís Rafael Soyé
Authors: Teixeira Gil Clemente
Published: July 2023

Luís Rafael Soyé (1760-1831), autor cuja biografia se desenrola em cidades tão diferentes quanto Madrid, Lisboa, Paris e o Rio de Janeiro, publicou em 1786, em Lisboa, o seu primeiro livro: Sonho, poema erótico, que ofereceu ao benéfico Príncipe do Brasil, D. José. Neste poema começam a revelar-se traços definidores da sua obra: uma vontade de renovação da poesia portuguesa, um extremo cuidado com a linguagem, um diálogo amplo com a tradição literária europeia. Se olharmos para o universo da poesia de Soyé, encontramos facilmente a constelação Camões. Assim, pretendemos dar a ver de que forma se processa a recepção da poesia camoniana nesta sua primeira aventura literária.
“Quem pode livrar-se, porventura, dos laços que Amor arma brandamente?”: uma leitura das rainhas n’Os Lusíadas
Authors: Kreischer Bárbara Cecília
Published: July 2023

No presente artigo propomos pensar Os Lusíadas como uma épica amorosa, que tem sua máxima expressão no feminino. Para isso, analisaremos brevemente as intervenções de Vênus na narrativa, como patrocínio à causa portuguesa, e aprofundaremos as manifestações da deusa do amor nas suas equivalências humanas: as rainhas Teresa, Maria, Inês e Leonor. Como o tema amoroso perpassa o poema até seu clímax, no episódio da Ilha dos Amores, compreendemos que o feminino possui também papel preponderante na diegese desse épico, seja no jogo político em que as figuras régias citadas são envolvidas, seja na condução dos nautas na viagem. Desse modo, entendemos que o feminino, em sua forma humana régia, se dá na tríade mulher-mar-amor em oposição a homem-terra-guerra, o masculino. Logo, o discurso de Vasco da Gama, embora impregnado de concepções próprias de seu tempo, deixa transparecer a linguagem que o poeta empreende n’Os Lusíadas: um poema amoroso, em que o feminino também é herói lusíada.
Engano e pacto ficcional: farsa e metateatro no Auto d’El-Rei Seleuco, de Luís de Camões
Authors: Domene Marina Gialluca
Published: July 2023

Quando discutimos metateatro e o “teatro dentro do teatro”, comumente pensa-se no Siglo de Oro espanhol ou em William Shakespeare, na Inglaterra. Encontramos registros de metateatro, entretanto, desde o século XVI. Em Portugal, os Quinhentos já traziam ao menos seis peças com este recurso. O presente artigo pretende debruçar-se sobre as aproximações entre a forma dramática da farsa e o metateatro no Auto d’el-Rei Seleuco, escrito por Luís de Camões, cuja data de encenação é incerta, mas sabe-se ter ocorrido na segunda metade do século XVI. A trama principal da peça — referente a Seleuco I Nicátor e sua família — tem pouquíssimos elementos pertinentes à farsa. Observa-se, entretanto, a presença de um episódio bastante característico desta forma teatral na primeira parte, um trecho de pouco mais de 200 versos que anuncia a trama principal. Aqui, em uma breve preparação para a peça que se segue, vemos uma espécie de engano tipicamente farsesco, em um episódio que traz à cena os preparativos para a representação principal, discutindo o fazer dramático e, portanto, só pode ser chamado de metateatral. Desta forma, propomos neste artigo discutir se os elementos de farsa ajudam a construir a atmosfera de “teatro dentro do teatro” percebida no texto, baseando-nos sobretudo nos escritos de Márcio Muniz (2015; 2019), entre outros autores, para dar suporte ao debate que ora propomos.
Didatismo e militância em dois romances sobre os pobres
Authors: Castaldi João Luiz Xavier
Published: July 2023

Tenciona-se no presente texto esboçar um estudo comparativo entre os romances Gaibéus, escrito pelo português Alves Redol, e Famintos, escrito por Luis Romano, de Cabo Verde, então colônia portuguesa. Assim, levantaremos convergências entre os contextos de produção de ambos os livros, procuraremos paralelos biográficos entre os autores e nos debruçaremos sobre os textos em si. O ponto de contato mais evidente é o caráter nitidamente social e interventivo que se observa nos dois romances em questão, obras de escritores politicamente engajados e especialmente interessados na denúncia da miséria e da exploração do homem pelo homem. Para além dessas semelhanças temáticas, serão observadas também as soluções formais encontradas por um e outro autor – e aqui vem à tona a antiga discussão sobre os supostos prejuízos estéticos que a militância declarada pode impor ao texto.
Poetry as Philosophy in Song-Dynasty Chan Buddhist Discourse
Authors: Heine Steven
Published: July 2023

This paper examines ways leading Song-dynasty Chan teachers, especially Cishou Huaishen 慈受懷深 (1077–1132), a prominent poet-monk (shiseng 詩僧) and temple abbot from the Yunmen lineage, transform the intricate rhetorical techniques of Chinese poetry in order to explicate the relationship between an experience of spiritual realization beyond language and logic and the ethical decision-making of everyday life that is inspired by transcendent principles. Huaishen’s poetry expresses didactic Buddhist doctrines showing how an awareness of nonduality and the surpassing of all conceptual boundaries and categories can and must be applied to negotiating moral choices in concrete everyday situations that are either conducive or detrimental to the attainment of enlightenment. My main argument is that Song Chan discourse does not lead to antinomianism or an indifference to the conflicts of the mundane world but, instead, features an ethical approach for determining an aspirant’s degree of illumination. This function is central to the school’s overall teaching mission of assisting those seeking to overcome their egocentric delusions by realizing the benefits of Chan insight.
Molecular systematics of Jania species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from south-eastern Australia based on cox1 and psbA DNA sequence analyses
Authors: MACAGNAN LEONARDO B. , VENTURIN CLAUDIA S. , AZEVEDO MARINA L. , HARVEY ADELA , GURGEL C. FREDERICO D.
Published: July 2023

Taxonomy of the calcified marine red macroalgal genus Jania (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) is traditionally built on the comparative analyses of vegetative and reproductive morpho-anatomical characters. However, Jania species often display high levels of morphological plasticity leading to frequent homoplasies. Cryptic speciation and the occurrence of overlapping diagnostic characters between some species often compromises species identification based on the type method. Molecular methods represent powerful tools to help test morphology-based classifications, delineate morphologically challenging species, and solve taxonomic quagmires. A recent morphology-based taxonomic study of the genus Jania, using the type-method and focusing on the south-eastern Australian flora, recognized five species and two varieties. To test this morphology-based assessment we performed dual-marker (cox1 and psbA) phylogenetic and species delineation analyses of selected south-eastern Australia Jania herbarium specimens. Our results confirmed the molecular distinction of Jania crassa, J. micrarthrodia, J. pedunculata, J. rosea, and J. sagittata in Australia. The highly polymorphic J. rosea represents a species-complex. A group of specimens identified as Jania rosea are Corallina berteroi, which represents another species-complex in the genus Corallina. Several potentially new species were also resolved. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Jania species from other localities around Australia and the world, including type and topotype specimens, are called for. Also, the development of new primers and potentially new markers specifically designed to better amplify and sequence contemporary and historically significant Jania specimens deposited in herbaria are crucial to obtain greater phylogenetic support on deeper nodes and improved taxonomic certainty.
Taxonomic studies on the genus Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) from China (XXV): D. jilongense and D. unifolium, another two new synonyms of D. himalayae, a species mainly occurring in Nepal but also in China (southern Xizang)
Authors: YUAN QIONG , YANG QIN-ER
Published: July 2023

Based on consultation of literature and critical observations on herbarium specimens, we demonstrate that in addition to Delphinium subspathulatum (Ranunculaceae) and D. tabatae which we have previously reduced to the synonymy of D. himalayae, D. jilongense described from China’s southern Xizang (Gyirong) and D. unifolium described from Nepal are also conspecific with this eastern Himalayan species. We therefore place both of them in synonymy with D. himalayae herein.
Redescription of the subgenus Rhithrogeniella Ulmer 1939 (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae, genus Ecdyonurus) based on reared specimens from India and Thailand
Authors: KLUGE NIKITA , SIVARUBAN T. , SRINIVASAN PANDIARAJAN , BARATHY S. , ISACK RAJASEKARAN
Published: July 2023

Rhithrogeniella Ulmer 1939 is treated here as a subgenus of the genus Ecdyonurus Eaton 1868 (s. l.). The subgeneric name Rhithrogeniella is a senior synonym of Afghanurus Demoulin 1964 syn. n., Paracinygmula Bajkova 1975 syn. n. and Nixe Flowers 1980 syn. n. Additional description of Ecdyonurus (Rhithrogeniella) ornatus (Ulmer 1939) is given based on imagines and subimagines of both sexes reared from larvae in India and Thailand; lectotype of this species name is designated. Synonymy of E. (Rh.) ornatus and E. (Rh.) tonkinensis Soldán & Braasch 1986 is established (syn. n.). Male and female imagines and subimagines of an unnamed species of Rhithrogeniella are reported from India.
Lessons from the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) holotypes in the MIZA collection (Maracay, Venezuela)
Authors: ZHANG JING , CONG QIAN , SHEN JINHUI , SONG LEINA , ORELLANA ANDRÉS , BROCKMANN ERNST , MIELKE CARLOS G. C. , MIELKE OLAF H. H. , COSTA MAURO , GRISHIN NICK V.
Published: July 2023

Genomic sequencing and analysis of holotypes from the MIZA collection (Maracay, Venezuela) and their comparison with other species and their type specimens advances our understanding of their taxonomy. Jemadia demarmelsi Orellana, [2010] is confirmed as a species-level taxon and its female is genetically verified. The following are species-level taxa, not subspecies: Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022, stat. nov. (not Amenis pionia (Hewitson, 1857)) and Jemasonia sosia (Mabille, 1878), stat. rest. (not Jemasonia hewitsonii (Mabille, 1878)). Amenis ponina rogeri Orellana, [2010], stat. nov. and Jemasonia pater ortizi (Orellana, [2010]), stat. nov. are subspecies, not species. Jemadia pseudognetus imitator (Mabille, 1891), comb. nov. (not Jemadia hospita (Butler, 1877)) and Damas cervelina Orellana & Costa, 2019, comb. nov. (not Megaleas Godman, 1901) are new combinations.
Hurricane Observations by Uncrewed Systems
Authors: Zhang Chidong , Foltz Gregory R. , Chiodi Andy M. , Mordy Calvin W. , Edwards Catherine R. , Meinig Christian , Zhang Dongxiao , Mazza Edoardo , Cokelet Edward D. , Burger Eugene F. , Bringas Francis , Goni Gustavo J. , Hristova Hristina G. , Kim Hyun-Sook , Trinanes Joaquin A. , Zhang Jun A. , Bailey Kathleen E. , O’Brien Kevin M. , Morales-Caez Maria , Lawrence-Slavas Noah , Jenkins Richard , Chen Shuyi S. , Chen Xingchao
Published: July 2023

On 30 September 2021, a saildrone uncrewed surface vehicle (USV) was steered into category 4 Hurricane Sam, the most intense storm of the 2021 Atlantic hurricane season. It measured significant wave heights up to 14 m (maximum wave height = 27 m) and near-surface winds exceeding 55 m s−1. This was the first time in more than seven decades of hurricane observations that in real time a USV transmitted scientific data, images, and videos of the dynamic ocean surface near a hurricane’s eyewall. The saildrone was part of a five-saildrone deployment of the NOAA 2021 Atlantic Hurricane Observations Mission. These saildrones observed the atmospheric and oceanic near-surface conditions of five other tropical storms, of which two became hurricanes. Such observations inside tropical cyclones help to advance the understanding and prediction of hurricanes, with the ultimate goal of saving lives and protecting property. The 2021 deployment pioneered a new practice of coordinating measurements by saildrones, underwater gliders, and airborne dropsondes to make simultaneous and near-collocated observations of the air–sea interface, the ocean immediately below, and the atmosphere immediately above. This experimental deployment opened the door to a new era of using remotely piloted uncrewed systems to observe one of the most extreme phenomena on Earth in a way previously impossible. This article provides an overview of this saildrone hurricane observations mission, describes how the saildrones were coordinated with other observing platforms, presents preliminary scientific results from these observations to demonstrate their potential utility and motivate further data analysis, and offers a vision of future hurricane observations using combined uncrewed platforms.
Trends in Natural Decannulation in Patients with Robin Sequence: A Twenty-five Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Magge Hari N. , Schild Sam D. , Mantilla-Rivas Esperanza , Landry Evie C. , Afsar Nina M. , Behzadpour Hengameh K. , Manrique Monica , Rana Md Sohel , Oh Albert K. , Reilly Brian K.
Published: July 2023

Objective:

Robin sequence (RS) consists of micrognathia and glossoptosis that result in upper airway obstruction (UAO). In RS patients who undergo tracheostomy, long-term goals include natural decannulation (ND) without further surgical airway intervention. The objective of this study was to identify long-term trends in the rate and length of time to ND.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review on 144 patients with RS treated from 1995 to 2020 at a pediatric tertiary care center. Patients were grouped by year of tracheostomy. Demographic data, UAO management, postoperative care, complications, and time to decannulation were recorded.

Results:

Thirty-six patients met the inclusion criteria. Tracheostomy was performed at a median age of 45.5 days. 19 (53%) patients experienced ND at a median time of 66.1 months. ND rate was higher in non-syndromic patients (93% non-syndromic vs 27% syndromic; P < .0001) and during the first study period (1995-2006: 78%, 2007-2020: 28%; P = .003). Cox proportional-hazard regression demonstrated that white race [aHR 0.15 (0.03-0.8); P = .023] and higher birthweight [aHR 0.9 (0.8-0.98); P = .018] were associated with a higher likelihood of ND while a syndromic diagnosis had a negative association with ND [aHR 12.5 (3.3-50.0); P < .001].

Conclusions:

Our study documented that ND in patients with RS who underwent tracheostomy was significantly associated with ethnicity, birthweight, and syndromic status. The negative impact on successful ND was most observed in patients with syndromic associations. Additionally, ND rates are lower in the 2007 to 2020 subgroup. We suspect this is because alternative management techniques such as tongue lip adhesion and mandibular distraction osteogenesis became primary surgical treatment in severe RS upper airway obstruction at our institution starting in 2007.
‘I have built an office for myself in the sauna’ – The well-being of social workers in liminal space during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Saraniemi Sanna , Harrikari Timo , Fiorentino Vera , Romakkaniemi Marjo , Tiitinen Laura , Leppiaho Tuomas
Published: July 2023

We examine the experiences of Finnish social workers regarding their well-being during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic by analysing social workers’ diaries (n = 33) using thematic analysis. The pandemic and the restrictive measures caused significant changes in work and private lives challenging social workers’ well-being. Restrictive measures provided a kind of liminal space where the boundary between work and private life, daily rhythms and relationships with coworkers and clients were redefined. This exceptional period required challenging demarcations to safeguard the well-being of social workers, but it also provided new options to promote their well-being.
Decision Making in Moral Judgment Context is Modulated by Individual Metacognition
Authors: Osorio T. Hugo , Reyes M. Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Metacognition refers to the human capacity to access and monitor one's own mental states. Recent research suggests that this capacity expands to the social world, e.g., when individuals explicitly share their cognitive processes with others. Additionally, metacognition is also linked to cognitive flexibility, and the latter to ideologically radical behaviors. Indeed, the absence of control over one's own mental activity could be at the base of different phenomena linked to social cognition. We investigate the metacognitive capacity of individuals in relation to the radicality with which they make a moral choice (utilitarian vs. deontological). For this purpose, 76 participants were submitted to 24 hypothetical situations, with the aim of evaluating the consistency (i.e., the radicality) of their moral choices. Then, in an independent experimental session, we evaluated the participants' metacognitive efficiency. We managed to demonstrate that individual metacognition scores are correlated with the radicality of a moral choice. We discussed the impact and relevance of metacognition in ecological contexts, particularly where subjective evaluation of the environment involves individual choices with social consequences.
Mothers Doing Friendship in a Hostile Environment: Navigating Dialectical Tensions and Sharing Support
Authors: Benchekroun Rachel
Published: July 2023

Increasingly hostile immigration policies in the UK produce insecure immigration statuses and exclusion from public services and mainstream welfare benefits. Little is known about how this precaritization affects racially minoritized mothers with insecure immigration statuses and ‘no recourse to public funds’. The ethnographic study on which this article is based explored the impact of hostile policies on mothering, and found that precaritization increases the significance of mothers’ informal support networks, including friendships. I show how hostile policies constrain mothers’ friendship practices, shaping access to support. I argue that while mothers share diverse forms of support through their everyday friendship practices, they have to navigate dialectical tensions (contradictions) that play out in ways specific to their precarious legal and financial positioning. Applying theories of friendship and relational dialectics, I highlight the importance of safe, sociable spaces and sustained ‘friendship work’ to navigate tensions and nurture friendships as sites of support.
Use of methylene blue and a spring microcoil in the preoperative localization of small pulmonary nodules under CT guidance: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Mengchen , Yu Yikang , Li Lu , Qian Chenfeng
Published: July 2023

Objective

Methylene blue (MB) and spring microcoils are used for the preoperative localization of small pulmonary nodules (SPNs). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of these methods using published data.

Methods

We identified randomized controlled trials and observational studies that assessed preoperative SPN localization using MB or spring microcoil and compared these using a meta-analysis.

Results

Seven studies of 933 patients were identified, in whom 1081 SPNs were located. Four hundred twenty-four SPNs were located using MB (n = 359 participants), and 657 SPNs were located using the spring microcoil method (n = 574 participants). The prevalence of technical success of SPN localization was higher using MB (mean deviation [MD]: 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 0.93); the incidence of postoperative complications was lower (MD: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.65); and the time taken for removal was longer (MD: −12.37; 95% CI: −22.60, −2.13). There were no differences with respect to the successful wedge resection rate, the time taken for localization, the duration of the procedure, or the mean hospital stay.

Conclusions

Both methods can detect SPNs; however, MB is associated with a higher success rate and fewer postoperative complications, while spring microcoil localization is associated with more rapid removal.
Experimental investigation to optimize machining parameters for super duplex stainless steel in spark EDM using die-sinking and MQL system
Authors: Sampath Kumar T , Vignesh M , Mathur Ayush Bansi , Chunamari Omkar Vinay
Published: July 2023

The current experimental work discusses the electric discharge machining (EDM) of super duplex stainless steel with conventional die-sinking and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) approach. The dielectric used in the conventional die-sinking EDM process is kerosene, and sunflower oil with air mixture is used in MQL-type machining conditions. The solid-type alpha brass electrodes of diameter 10 mm were used for machining. The most prominent input variables like pulse time (OFF and ON) and discharge current (varied at 3 levels) were selected, and Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array design was selected for experimentation. The responses like electrode wear rate (EWR), hole circularity (HC), material removal rate (MRR), and surface roughness (SR) were analyzed. The output results obtained from the experimental trials were analyzed using S/N ratios and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The most contributing input parameter affecting the responses like SR, HC, MRR, and EWR outputs were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum machining conditions were obtained at L3 and L9 levels for conventional die-sinking and MQL-type machining conditions, respectively. Out of three varying input parameters, pulse time (OFF) is the most contributing factor in deciding various responses. The same has been confirmed by ANOVA analysis. The theoretical prediction of experimental data was made using the Fuzzy logic approach, and the best optimal level is found out individually for all four responses.
Investigation of the effects of flame surface development on the ignition mechanism of aero-engine combustors
Authors: Zhang Qun , Wang Zixin , Yang Fuzheng , Wu Zhidi , Hu Fan , Wang Xiaoyan , Gao Yaohong , Ma Xiaoxi
Published: July 2023

Large eddy simulation was employed to simulate the effects of different vane angles of the primary and pilot stages on the ignition process of a combustor under normal temperature and pressure conditions. The simulation results of different vane angles of the pilot stage were then verified experimentally. Kernel initiation and flame propagation in the cases of ignition success and failure were analysed. It was found that in the ignition failure case, the flame kernels are confined to the downstream zones of the venturi and cannot propagate radially, and almost no negative displacement exists in the axial direction. However, in the ignition success case, sub-fire kernels are always present outside the radial boundary of the primary stage. Five ignition modes were finally proposed: (I1) typical ignition, (I2) relatively high-speed ignition, (I3) single-kernel alternating dominant, (I4) main kernel dominant, and (I5) dual-kernel dominant modes. Using high-speed photography, the flame shape changes and ignition characteristics in the cases of successful and failed ignition with different pilot-stage vane angles were investigated.
Effects of Covid-19 on Employee Engagement: A Study in the Context of Work-from-Home Practices
Authors: Bano Asma , Khatun Ayesha
Published: July 2023

Employee engagement is a human resources (HR) concept that describes the level of enthusiasm and dedication a worker feels towards their job. Engaged employees care about their work and about the performance of the company, and feel that their efforts make a difference. The main purpose of the study was to understand how employees are engaged when there is no job security and career growth and also to find the best tools of employee engagement in the phase of work-from-home practices. The study found that employee engagement and its factors have a direct and significant effect on organisational performance (Xanthopoulou et al., 2009, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 82, Issue 1, pp. 183–200). In this uncertain period of coronavirus pandemic, the organisations have taken a big dig in terms of increment and innovation, which led to overall downsizing. The study also found that the employee engagement is significant and positively related to the organisational performance and in the times of Covid-19, the organisational performance is reduced as the employee engagement became low and poor.
A Métis Approach for Beyond Democracy: Otipemisiwak (Selves-Governing), Wâhkôhtowin (all Related), and Manito (Good Vibe) (OWM)
Authors: Jarvis Sharon
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to address the decline of democracy in adult education that was identified in the 2021 UNESCO report. Embedding an Indigenous perspective into the adult education curriculum is suggested for a reconstruction of democracy. The Métis perspective aligns with Western intrinsic motivational philosophy as well as traditional and new adult educational approaches, but it goes beyond these by a communal non-anthropocentric governance: otipemisiwak (selves-governing), wâhkôhtowin (all related), and manito (good vibe) (OWM). I will also introduce ways this perspective has been applied into the curriculum.
Two patients with fluoropyrimidine overdose successfully managed without uridine triacetate
Authors: Kats Chantal JAR , Jochems Anouk , Jeurissen Frank JF , Ledeboer Aletta , van den Berg Roland B
Published: July 2023

Introduction

In this case report we describe two patients with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) overdose due to an unintentional increased infusion rate in which treatment with uridine triacetate was considered. Where previous case reports focus on the use of uridine triacetate in case of toxicity, this case report shows why it should be considered to abstain from the use of uridine triacetate.

Case reports

The first patient is a 71-year-old woman who received 1200 mg/m2 5-FU in 2 h instead of 23 h. The second patient is a 74-year-old woman who received 2600 mg/m2 5-FU in 13 h instead of 24 h. The DPYD genotype of both patients was tested before the start of therapy and was found to be normal.

Management & Outcome

Both patients received best supportive care and were admitted to the intensive care unit for monitoring of acute manifestations of toxicity. The first patient did not develop toxicity. The second patient did develop toxicity, but recovered completely.

Discussion

The rationale for abstaining from the use of uridine triacetate was the inadequacy of evidence backing its clinical and cost-effectiveness and the fact that uridine triacetate is not registered for the use in the European Union. Comparison of clinical outcomes of the already published open-label cohort with clinical outcomes of a comparable, well-described, best supportive care cohort is required before the added value of uridine triacetate can be determined. In addition, there is a need for a valid predictor of toxicity after fluoropyrimidine overdose.