bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proximate composition of commercially important fish species in southern Gulf of Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Authors: Geremew Hirut , Abdisa Melesse , Goshu Goraw
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the proximate composition of each sex of Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus and Labeobarbus intermedius fish species from the southern Gulf of Lake Tana, Ethiopia. The fish samples were collected during the dry season of 2014 from the three fish landing sites, i.e., Bata, Micheal and Giorgis, where local fishermen sell their catches. Species were identified via morphological examination and color. Sexes were identified by observing genital papilla and gonads after dissection. After measuring weight and length of young fish species, fish weighing 201-310 g were selected for the study. A total of 72 fish, eight and four fish per species and sexes were selected, respectively, for each site. The sample size was determined using “resource equation" method. Only edible fillet was labeled and transferred to plastic bags according to species and sex. Then the sample was transported for proximate analysis to Addis Ababa Food Science and Nutrition laboratory using icebox at about 4 °C. Fish sample composites were prepared by taking the fish samples from the three fish landing sites for each sex and species. Samples were thawed at room temperature and oven-dried at 60 °C for 72 h, then ground into a fine powder. Proximate composition was determined following the procedure of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Data analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Nutrient content significantly varied among fish species; more protein was recorded from O. niloticus and fat from L. intermedius. Also, fat, ash and gross energy content were different between sexes; female fish contained significantly more fat and gross energy than males. In conclusion, consumers are advised to consume these species to obtain required nutrients.
Performance of Internet of Things (IoT) Potential Applications in Education
Authors: Ane Tanjea , Billah Masum , Nepa Tabatshum
Published: July 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) very fast growing interaction that has connected real and virtual objects anytime, anywhere though network. A variety of various connected objects influence the applications of education process which is like a new change with research opportunities and possibilities. In education ecosystem IoT emerges as rapidly dynamic technology for the improvement of traditional education system. This paper consists of five parts: firstly an overview of IoT use, secondly IoT application in education system, thirdly recent survey IoT work then discusses IoT impacts in the higher education and concludes the paper.
Working environment as a knowledge management stimulator
Authors: González Monterrosa Ana Isabel , Carrasquilla Ortega Katiana Ivonne , Mercado Rios Jose Roberto , Ordoñez Lopez Ronald
Published: July 2020

Este artículo pretende analizar las estrategias de la gestión del conocimiento como estimulador de la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores dedicados a las ventas de comida rápida en la ciudad de Montería. Se enmarco en los estudios descriptivos, para lo cual se aplicó un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert (validado y confiable) a 8 asistentes de ventas de cadenas de restaurantes. Los principales resultados dan cuenta acerca la mala utilización de estrategias para la gestión del conocimiento y las consecuencias en cuanto a la satisfacción laboral y sus afectaciones de la productividad laboral.
KONTRIBUSI KONSEP DIRI TERHADAP PERILAKU BULLYING
Authors: Sari Suci Lia , Antasari Wita
Published: July 2020

Bullying behavior was affected by nternal factors. The internal factor was self-concept. The purpose of this research was to reveal the extent to which the self-concept contributed toward bullying behavior. This research used quantitative approach and correlation method. The population of the research was the students in claas X and XI. The sample was chosen by using proportional random sampling technique. The instrument of the research was a scala of Likert model. The reliability of the instrument of the self-concept was 0.873, and bullying behavior was 0.899. the data gathered were analized by using simple regression. The research findings indicated that: 1) self-concept in general, was in average category in which physical and social aspects got the highest percentage, 2) bullying behavior in genaral was in average category in which verbal and relational bullying got the highest percentage, 2) self-concept contributed negatively and significantly toward bullying behavior.
Entre norma e decisão: o ensaio sobre o valor do Estado, do jovem Carl Schmitt
Authors: Andrade Walter
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo discute o ensaio O valor do Estado e a significação do indivíduo (Der Wert des Staates und die Bedeutung des Einzelnen) (1914), de Carl Schmitt. Pouco abordado pela bibliografia voltada a Schmitt até o momento, mesmo em países onde a obra do autor tem sido largamente debatida, este livro, pretende-se revelar aqui, encerraria, em germe, certos aspectos fundamentais de uma epistemologia jurídica de tipo decisionista, que o autor viria a desenvolver e consolidar anos mais tarde, notadamente em sua Teologia política (1922). Assim, é certo, este trabalho, anterior à eclosão da I Guerra Mundial, deve muito, do ponto de vista metodológico, a Kant ou à vertente neokantiana em filosofia do direito – um fato curioso, aliás, considerando os caminhos futuros tomados pela reflexão do autor –. Sua elaboração da relação entre direito e ética, tanto quanto a do problema da decisão, porém, em certas passagens, parece ir de encontro à perspectiva “evolucionista”, e “normativista”, que essa tradição, de uma forma ou de outra, sempre representou.

No mais, insiste-se aqui, diversos são os temas que despontam nesta primeira incursão do autor pelo terreno da filosofia política que, mais tarde, figurarão em sua produção intelectual mais conhecida, a partir dos anos 20, conectando-se lá, certamente, a um quadro epistemológico novo. É o caso, por exemplo, de uma “antropologia negativa”, ou de uma certa beligerância, ao menos tendencial, que se associaria, de maneira indelével, à própria condição humana, etc..

Diante de todas essas temáticas, importantes para uma compreensão interna da trajetória intelectual de Schmitt, presentes neste trabalho, torna-se injustificada a pouca atenção que, até o momento, tem-lhe sido dispensada.
Vertical redistribution of moisture and aerosol in orographic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Miltenberger Annette K. , Field Paul R. , Hill Adrian H. , Heymsfield Andrew J.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Orographic wave clouds offer a natural laboratory to investigate cloud microphysical processes and their representation
in atmospheric models. Wave clouds impact the larger-scale flow by the vertical redistribution of moisture and aerosol.
Here we use detailed cloud microphysical observations from the Ice in Clouds Experiment – Layer Clouds (ICE-L) campaign to evaluate the recently developed Cloud
Aerosol Interacting Microphysics (CASIM) module in the Met Office Unified Model (UM) with a particular focus on
different parameterizations for heterogeneous freezing. Modelled and observed thermodynamic and microphysical properties
agree very well (deviation of air temperature <1 K; specific humidity <0.2 g kg−1;
vertical velocity <1 m s−1; cloud droplet number concentration <40 cm−3), with the
exception of an overestimated total condensate content and too long a sedimentation tail. The accurate reproduction of
the environmental thermodynamic and dynamical wave structure enables the model to reproduce the right cloud in the right
place and at the right time. All heterogeneous freezing parameterizations except Atkinson et al. (2013) perform reasonably
well, with the best agreement in terms of the temperature dependency of ice crystal number concentrations for the
parameterizations of DeMott et al. (2010) and Tobo et al. (2013). The novel capabilities of CASIM allowed testing of the
impact of assuming different soluble fractions of dust particles on immersion freezing, but this is found to only have a
minor impact on hydrometeor mass and number concentrations. The simulations were further used to quantify the modification of moisture and aerosol profiles by the wave cloud. The
changes in both variables are on order of 15 % of their upstream values, but the modifications have very
different vertical structures for the two variables. Using a large number of idealized simulations we investigate how
the induced changes depend on the wave period (100–1800 s), cloud top temperature (−15 to
−50 ∘C), and cloud thickness (1–5 km) and propose a conceptual model to describe these
dependencies.
Quantity and distribution of methane entrapped in sediments of calcareous, Alpine glacier forefields
Authors: Zhu Biqing , Kübler Manuel , Ridoli Melanie , Breitenstein Daniel , Schroth Martin H.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Aside from many well-known sources, the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) was recently discovered entrapped in the sediments of Swiss Alpine glacier
forefields derived from calcareous bedrock. A first study performed in one glacial catchment indicated that CH4 was ubiquitous in sediments
and rocks and was largely of thermogenic origin. Here, we present the results of a follow-up study that aimed at (1) determining the occurrence and origin
of sediment-entrapped CH4 in other calcareous glacier forefields across Switzerland and (2) providing an inventory of this
sediment-entrapped CH4, i.e., determining the contents and total mass of CH4 present, and its spatial distribution within and between
five different Swiss glacier forefields situated on calcareous formations of the Helvetic nappes in the Central Alps. Sediment and bedrock samples were collected at high spatial resolution from the forefields of Im Griess, Griessfirn, Griessen, Wildstrubel, and
Tsanfleuron glaciers, representing different geographic and geologic regions of the Helvetic nappes. We performed geochemical analyses on gas
extracted from sediments and rocks, including the determination of CH4 contents, stable carbon-isotope analyses (δ13CCH4),
and the determination of gas-wetness ratios (ratio of CH4 to ethane and propane contents). To estimate the total mass of CH4 entrapped
in glacier-forefield sediments, the total volume of sediment was determined based on the measured forefield area and either literature values of mean
sediment thickness or direct depth measurements using electrical resistivity tomography. Methane was found in all sediments (0.08–73.81 µg CH4 g−1 dry weight) and most rocks
(0.06–108.58 µg CH4 g−1) collected from the five glacier forefields, confirming that entrapped CH4 is ubiquitous in
these calcareous formations. Geochemical analyses further confirmed a thermogenic origin of the entrapped CH4 (average
δ13CCH4 of sediment of −28.23 (± 3.42) ‰; average gas-wetness ratio of 75.2 (± 48.4)). Whereas
sediment-entrapped CH4 contents varied moderately within individual forefields, we noted a large, significant difference in the CH4
content and total CH4 mass (range of 200–3881 t CH4) between glacier forefields at the regional scale. The lithology and tectonic
setting within the Helvetic nappes appeared to be dominant factors determining rock and sediment CH4 contents. Overall, a substantial
quantity of CH4 was found to be entrapped in Swiss calcareous glacier forefields. Its potential release and subsequent fate in this
environment is the subject of ongoing studies.
Drought years in peatland rewetting: Rapid vegetation succession can maintain the net CO2 sink function
Authors: Beyer Florian , Jansen Florian , Jurasinski Gerald , Koch Marian , Schröder Birgit , Koebsch Franziska
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Rewetting is a necessary measure to stop CO2 emissions of degraded peatlands and to restore their natural habitat and C accumulation function. Although the severity and frequency of droughts is predicted to increase as a consequence of climate change, it is not well understood whether such extreme events can jeopardize rewetting measures. The goal of this study was to better understand drought effects on peatland restoration measures. Based on long-term reference records, we investigated anomalies in vegetation dynamics and CO2 exchange, including ecosystem respiration (Reco) and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), in a rewetted fen during the extreme European summer drought 2018. Drought-induced vegetation dynamics were derived from remotely sensed data. Since flooding in 2010, the fen was characterized by a patchy mosaic of open water surfaces and vegetated areas. After years of stagnant vegetation development, drought acted as a trigger event for pioneer species such as Tephroseris palustris and Ranunculus sceleratus to rapidly close persistent vegetation gaps. The massive spread of vegetation assimilated substantial amounts of CO2. In 2018, the annual GEP budget increased by 20 % in comparison to average years (2010–2017). Reco increased even by 40 %, but enhanced photosynthetic CO2 sequestration could compensate for half of the drought-induced increase in respiratory CO2 release. Altogether, the restored fen remained a net CO2 sink in the year of drought, though net CO2 sequestration was lower than in other years. Our study reveals an important regulatory mechanism of restored fens to maintain their net CO2 sink function even in extremely dry years. Even in times of more frequent climate extremes, fen restoration can create ecosystems resilient to drought. However, further research needs to focus on the long-term effects of such extreme events beyond the actual drought period.
Importance of snowmelt contribution to seasonal runoff and summer low flows in Czechia
Authors: Jenicek Michal , Ledvinka Ondrej
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The streamflow seasonality in mountain catchments is often influenced by snow. However, a shift from snowfall to rain is expected in the future. Consequently, a decrease in snow storage and earlier snowmelt is predicted, which will cause changes not only in seasonal runoff distribution in snow-dominated catchments, but it may also affect the total annual runoff. The objectives of this study were to quantify (1) how inter-annual variations in snow storages affect spring and summer runoff, including summer low flows, and (2) the importance of snowmelt in generating runoff compared to rainfall. The snow storage, groundwater recharge and streamflow were simulated for 59 mountain catchments in Czechia in the period from 1980 to 2014 using a bucket-type catchment model. The model output was
evaluated against observed daily runoff and snow water equivalent. Hypothetical scenarios were performed, which allowed for analysing the effect
of inter-annual variations in snow storage on seasonal runoff separately
from other components of the water balance. The results showed that 17 %–42 % (26 % on average) of the total runoff in the study catchments originates as snowmelt, despite the fact that only 12 %–37 % (20 % on average) of the precipitation falls as snow. This means that snow is more effective in generating catchment runoff compared to liquid precipitation. This was demonstrated by modelling experiments which showed that total annual runoff and groundwater recharge decrease in the case of a precipitation shift from snow to rain. In general, snow-poor years were clearly characterized by a lower snowmelt runoff contribution compared to snow-rich years in the analysed period. Additionally, snowmelt started earlier in these snow-poor years and caused lower groundwater recharge. This also affected summer baseflow. For most of the catchments, the lowest summer baseflow was reached in years with both relatively low summer precipitation and snow storage. This showed that summer low flows (directly related to baseflow) in our study catchments are not only a function of low precipitation and high evapotranspiration, but they are significantly affected by the previous winter snowpack. This effect might intensify drought periods in the future when generally less snow is expected.
Multiple solvent signal presaturation and decoupling artifact removal in 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Canton Marine , Roe Richard , Poigny Stéphane , Renault Jean-Hugues , Nuzillard Jean-Marc
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The analysis by proton-decoupled carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of
samples dissolved in solvents presenting strong multiple resonances
can be facilitated by the suppression of these resonances by multisite presaturation.
The advantage drawn from this operation is the elimination of the possible artifacts
that arise from the solvent signals in non-optimized decoupling conditions.
Solvent presaturation was implemented on glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, and
1,3-butanediol with at least 94 % on-resonance efficiency and a
bandwidth of less than 50 Hz measured at 50 % signal intensity decrease.
The experimental measurement of the signal suppression bandwidth leads to unexpected
selectivity profiles for close-frequency resonances.
Computer resolution of the Bloch equations during multisite presaturation provide an insight
into the origin of the observed profile perturbations.
Antarctic Bottom Water and North Atlantic Deep Water in CMIP6 models
Authors: Heuzé Céline
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Deep water formation is the driver of the global ocean circulation, yet it was poorly represented in the previous generation of climate models. We here quantify biases in Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation, properties, transport and global extent in 35 climate models that participated in the latest Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Several CMIP6 models are correctly forming AABW via shelf processes, but in both hemispheres, the large majority of climate models form deep water via open ocean deep convection, too deep, too often, over too large an area. Models that convect the least form the most accurate AABW, but the least accurate NADW. The four CESM2 models with their pipe/overflow parameterisation are among the most accurate models. In the Atlantic, the colder AABW, the stronger the abyssal overturning at 30° S, and the further north the AABW layer extends. The saltier NADW, the stronger the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and the further south the NADW layer extends. In the Indian and Pacific oceans in contrast, the fresher models are the ones who extend the furthest regardless of the strength of their abyssal overturning, most likely because they also are the models with the weakest fronts in the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents. There are clear improvements since CMIP5: several CMIP6 models correctly represent or parameterise Antarctic shelf processes, fewer models exhibit Southern Ocean deep convection, more models convect at the right location in the Labrador Sea, bottom density biases are reduced, and abyssal overturning is more realistic. But more improvements are required, e.g. by generalising the use of overflow parameterisations or by coupling to interactive ice sheet models, before deep water formation, and hence heat and carbon storage, are represented accurately.
Educação Infantil: tempos e espaços para danças e infâncias
Authors: Prado Patricia Dias , Goettems Milene Braga
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta algumas das análises da pesquisa que busca conhecer e investigar as contribuições da dança no contexto da Educação Infantil, no sentido da construção de uma Pedagogia da primeira infância que valorize os processos pedagógicos fundamentados nas Artes, nos tempos e espaços de infâncias de meninas e meninos pequenos, e de suas/seus professoras/es. Reconhecendo as linguagens da dança como possibilidades de resistência à escolarização precoce e aos tempos do capital, a investigação tem revelado que elas contribuem para a construção de outras referências de tempo e espaço às infâncias e a sua educação, de percepção dos corpos, de criação de movimentos e gestualidades, de descobertas e de relações com o pertencimento e com a diversidade cultural.
Bank Value at Risk (VAR) disclosures. A missed leading indicator to the Financial Crisis of 2008?
Authors: Parthasarathy Kiran
Published: July 2020

The financial crisis of 2008 led to devastating consequences such as bankruptcies and recession in the US economy. Many big banks were at the forefront owing to their risk exposures and open positions. Prior research documents that bank financial statements did not provide adequate lead indicators on the looming crisis in reducing information asymmetry. However, there is no prior research focused on the sufficiency of risk disclosures around this time period. This paper seeks to address this gap using Bank Value at Risk (VAR), a single number publicly disclosed in the annual reports of banks. Bank VAR attempts to quantify the worst possible loss the bank expects to have on its trading portfolios under normal market conditions. Using hand-collected data from the annual reports of the top twelve US banks, this study documents that the change in VAR was steady and positive until the point of the crisis and then decreased in the years thereafter. A repeated-measures analysis of variance model is used to study whether two indicators of VAR (year-to-year change in VAR and log-transformed ratio of VAR to the total trading revenue) differ from pre-crisis to the post-crisis levels. Both VAR indicators reveal an increasing trend pre-crisis and are significantly higher pre-crisis compared to post-crisis. This opens the possibility that the trend of VAR might have information content as a potential leading indicator of the crisis. The finding sheds light on efficacy of risk analysis in ­­bank trading portfolios and could have implications for governance.
Code Switching in ESL Teaching at University Level in Pakistan
Authors: Younas Muhammad , Afzaal Muhammad , Noor Uzma , Khalid Samina , Naqvi Swaleha
Published: July 2020

Code-switching (CS) is a communicative strategy used by ESL bilingual teachers to teach English as a second language to non-native English speakers. Based on quantitative analysis of transcribed data from thirty ESL teachers at Pakistani universities, the present study examined the influence of code switching (CS) on ESL learners in Pakistan, exploring in particular the impact of CS on and teacher attitude towards CS in ESL instruction. The findings of the study indicate significant use of code-mixing and frequency of mixing words, phrase and the smallest unit of one language into another language. Furthermore, the findings suggest that CS is frequently used by the ESL teachers. The study also highlights that common nouns are followed by proper nouns, adjectives, verbs and abbreviations, with the most significant words used during instantiation of CS in the data comprising lexical items, phrases, compound words, and encouraging words. Thus, this study suggests that CS is used to facilitate the comprehension and participation of the bilingual learners.
Financial Performance and Income Diversity: Does Ownership Matter? Evidence from Vietnamese Commercial Banks
Authors: Ho Tin H.
Published: July 2020

In the context of the sharp development of the Vietnamese stock market in recent years, financial performance of listed firms is drawing the attention of investors, particularly in banking industry. Moreover, the harmony of income diversity or reducing the relying on traditional activities of commercial banks is thriving in the world and strongly influence on Vietnam’s banking, especially when the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide may result in the freeze of real estate market, which leads to devaluate collaterals as well as the risk of non-performing loans, so-called “credit shocks”. This paper, therefore, examines the impacts of income diversity on financial performance of Vietnamese commercial banks in the period from 2007 to 2019. To conduct this study, annual data are collected of 26 commercial banks, listed in Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE), Ha Noi Stock Exchange (HNX), UPCoM and OTC. The research develops an exploratory model reflecting financial performance of the banks in relation to their income diversity and analyzes data using panel regressions. The results show that there is no relationship between financial performance and income diversity due to its low proportion in total operating income. However, the state ownership makes stronger this relationship despite the small impacts. The findings are expected to add the gap in the existing literature, lacking of investigating the impacts of market power on bank income diversity, and the moderating role of state ownership in this relation in Vietnamese banking sector, which is ignored or opposite in most recent studies. Thereby, the paper also gives some useful implications for investors, bank managers as well as policy makers to catch up the market fluctuations.
Analysis and Forecasting the Agriculture Production Sector in Rwanda
Authors: Niyigaba Jean , Peng Daiyan
Published: July 2020

Agriculture production is a crucial economic growth sector, especially for developing countries like Rwanda. Resulted from investments boosting in several areas, Rwanda experienced stable economic growth, where agriculture provides a vital contribution and significant Policies adopted for agriculture improvement. However, the sector's future development still unclear as it is manifesting decrement shares over the years in the county's economy and workforce. No research has yet projected the sector's future production to explain the sector's trend, allowing the government and partners to formulate strategies accordingly. This paper analyzes the sector's economic contribution over several years and forecasts its future. The useful combined grey model predicts the sector's production where a nonlinear grey Bernoulli model (NGBM) with an added optimal parameter (NGBM-OP) is used for the prediction after comparison to others. Outcomes in the sample size from 1960 to 2017, confirm the NGBM-OP as the reliable compared with other prediction models then becomes the best for forecast up to 2030. The obtained sector's production forecast, results pointed out the sector's slow production increment in the future. Suggest its improvement based on investment attractions, especially the young generation through financial facilitation, farmer's training, and opportunity awareness.
Does Gender, Age and Usage Matter in Big Data’s Perception Applied in Online Tourism?
Authors: Augustin Jean-Luc Pradel Mathurin , Liaw Shu-Yi
Published: July 2020

It is often asserted that big data can potentially help firms make data-oriented decisions. The rise of big data completely revolutionized the tourism industry, explaining partly why this research intends to explore the relationship between big data applied in online tourism and online tourists’ behavior. This study will tackle the question in relation to big data’s perception based on gender, age and usage’s interaction, factors identified throughout the literature as important. It is found that both advantages and disadvantages of big data positively impact online consumer behavior. Although surprising, this result is justified in the fact that consumers always consider the trade-off between advantages and disadvantages which explains their willingness to still use online services. It is also found that usage is a determinant factor influencing big data’s perception. One major take away is that disadvantages of big data do not necessarily translate into a negative behavior. Moreover, online tourism website designers can tailor their products in a way to appeal to light users of online tourism services, considering heavy users are likely to buy in no matter what.
Sustainable procurement practices in the Brazilian chemical industry context
Authors: Souza Roberta , Ide Mayara Sayuri , Scur Gabriela , Campos-Silva Willerson Lucas , Khorana Sangeeta
Published: July 2020

Sustainable procurement requires an understanding of the full impact of purchase throughout the entire life cycle of the product or service, irrespective of location. The aim is to investigate the adoption of sustainable procurement in some Brazilian chemical companies. Questionnaires were sent to professionals from the Brazilian Chemical Industry Association (ABIQUIM) and from thirty-seven associated companies. The results were used to elaborate empirical illustrations about sustainable procurement practices in the Brazilian chemical industry context. Although the companies did not have a prescriptive supplier selection model that incorporates social-environmental criteria, most companies had more restrictive standards than the legislation and they supported suppliers to improve their social-environmental performance. In addition, that actions related to social and environmental issues occur in policies and documents and are reflected through middle and upper management commitments. It indicates that there are some organizational directions to incorporate social and environmental questions. However, no materialization in actions along the procurement process.
As características do biogás e avaliação de substituição de combustíveis
Authors: Zank João Carlos Christmann , Brandt Larissa Schmoeller , Bezerra Renata Camacho , Pereira Eliane Nascimento
Published: July 2020

A evolução das tecnologias e da legislação Brasileira em relação as energias renováveis, em especial solar e biogás, favoreceu o aumento no número de projetos e potência instalada nos últimos 5 anos. O conhecimento sobre as características do biogás é fundamental para realizar estimativas corretas durante a elaboração de projetos, dimensionamento de equipamentos e estudos de viabilidade técnica e financeira, bem como, analisar a intercambialidade entre combustíveis. Sendo que, a apresentação de características como densidade, poder calorífico e fator de compressibilidade, utilizando a ABNT NBR 15.213 de 2008 e informações presentes na literatura, são objetivos deste trabalho. O principal resultado apresentado é a possibilidade de intercambialidade do biogás com o gás natural.
Eficiência da produção leiteira na microrregião de Dourados/MS: aplicação da análise envoltória de dados
Authors: Buss Raquel Eberhard , Sabbag Omar Jorge , Mendieta Fábio Henrique Paniagua
Published: July 2020

A cadeia produtiva de leite no Brasil é de suma importância; entretanto, encontrar a melhor forma de utilizar os insumos disponíveis torna-se um desafio para os produtores. Destaca-se que a análise envoltória de dados (Data Envelopment Analysis - DEA) tem sido extensivamente utilizada como apoio à gestão, na estimativa do desempenho relativo de unidades produtivas semelhantes entre si. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência técnica de 15 propriedades produtoras de leite pertencentes a Microrregião de Dourados/ MS, por meio do método DEA. No modelo variável de escala, 20% das DMU’s apresentaram eficiência e 80% ineficientes, apresentando retornos crescentes a escala. No modelo Tobit, as variáveis mais expressivas foram assistência técnica, melhoramento genético e complementação alimentar. Conclui-se que esta ferramenta serve como suporte aos produtores que tenham interesse de investir e potencializar os resultados da atividade leiteira, que além de gerar ganhos comerciais, também cumpre com o papel social.
Aplicação do Jidoka em um processo SMT: estudo de caso
Authors: Uhlmann Iracyanne Retto , Silva Carlos Américo de Souza , De Oliveira Djonathan Luiz , Frazzon Enzo Morosini
Published: July 2020

Produção com qualidade é assunto crítico em qualquer processo, mais especialmente em processos cujo recurso predominante seja o uso de máquinas, as quais caso não estejam ajustadas ou capacitadas a detectar falhas, podem contribuir para altos custos de desperdício de defeitos em série, seja pelo reprocesso ou pelo refugo de produtos não conformes. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um estudo de caso na aplicação do Jidoka em um processo de Surface Mount Technology (SMT), essa ferramenta foi usada para direcionar ações que contribuíram na detecção e eliminação de defeitos de set top box sem vídeo. A pesquisa foi aplicada em uma empresa multinacional do Polo Industrial de Manaus (PIM). A metodologia foi guiada pelo Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC). Como resultados, a ferramenta se mostra adequada para este tipo de processo, ganho financeiro foi evidenciado, além da redução significativa de problemas no produto final.
Supply Chain Management e desempenho: proposição de um modelo conceitual
Authors: Silva Daniel Bruno Lopes da , Silva Glessia
Published: July 2020

A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos é entendida como uma abordagem holística e integradora que considera a colaboração entre todos os membros para a coordenação do fluxo total em uma cadeia de valor. Nesse contexto, a avaliação do desempenho torna-se vital para a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos no mercado global, onde a concorrência entre empresas perde lugar para a concorrência entre cadeias de suprimentos. A avaliação do desempenho é uma ferramenta gerencial indispensável e ajuda a promover uma gestão estratégica e um controle contínuo da consecução dos objetivos. Contudo, a implementação de métricas para avaliação do desempenho é um processo complexo e os sistemas de medição do desempenho, de maneira geral, apresentam limitações importantes. Dessa forma, este ensaio teórico apresenta um modelo de medição do desempenho baseado em ferramentas para contornar as principais limitações encontradas nos modelos tradicionais de avaliação do desempenho de cadeias de suprimentos.
Redes neuro-fuzzy subsidiando o balanced scorecard em processo decisório holístico: o caso de uma instituição de educação profissional
Authors: Sucena Marcelo Prado , Haya Tathyanne Bou
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo a criação de um modelo matemático usando Redes Neuro-Fuzzy, com a finalidade de gerar indicadores para avaliação holística das métricas do Balanced Scorecard em uma Instituição de Educação Profissional. O modelo permite gerar quatro indicadores parciais, que representam as perspectivas preconizadas no Balanced Scorecard (BSC), e um final, denominado Indicador da Corporação (IC), que agrupa todas as suas métricas. O modelo foi implementado eletronicamente, onde todos os dados processados foram extraídos do painel eletrônico da referida instituição. Pelos indicadores parciais e pelo IC geraram-se séries históricas que representam os meses de 2017. Os resultados demonstraram o ganho gerencial subsidiado pelos indicadores parciais da instituição, que refletem as perspectivas do BSC, que permitiram gerar outros cenários com visão holística temporal, denotando a relação de causas e efeitos.
Die Pflicht zur Herausgabe
Authors: Manzke Simon
Published: July 2020

Der Autor untersucht die Verteilung der Leistungsgefahr beim Herausgabeanspruch. Dabei wird gezeigt, dass zwei Fragen streng voneinander zu trennen sind: Die Herstellungspflicht betrifft die Frage, ob der Schuldner zur Herausgabe in bestimmtem Zustand verpflichtet ist. Die Sachgefahr hingegen fragt danach, wen die Gefahr zufälliger Verschlechterungen trifft. Das Verhältnis beider zueinander wird für Miete, Pacht, Leihe, Verwahrung, Auftragsverhältnis sowie Rückgewährschuldverhältnis, Vindikation und Leistungskondiktion ermittelt und so ein System entwickelt, in das sich zivilrechtliche Herausgabeansprüche organisch einfügen.
Orpheus und Medusa
Authors: Mehltretter Florian
Published: July 2020

Written using the figures of Orpheus and Medusa as symbols, this book highlights contrasting theories on the poetry of Italian opera over three centuries. In addition to theoretical texts, it examines above all the poetic qualities of librettos, plus the music and singing techniques of different eras. Its underlying aim is to study the various historical concepts of opera as a communicative art form, predominantly from a textual perspective. The works it addresses range from operas about Orpheus from 1600 to D’Annunzio’s draft of a dramatic theory on the head of Medusa in his novel Il fuoco of 1900.
HER2 Testing in Endometrial Serous Carcinoma: Time for Standardized Pathology Practice to Meet the Clinical Demand
Authors: Buza Natalia
Published: July 2020

Context.—

Endometrial serous carcinoma is an aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer with the highest rate of recurrence and mortality among all histotypes. A recent clinical trial showed prolonged progression-free survival in advanced-stage and recurrent human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive endometrial serous carcinoma when trastuzumab was added to the standard chemotherapy regimen. This targeted therapeutic approach was recently endorsed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network clinical guidelines. There is a growing interest among clinicians to obtain HER2 testing in endometrial serous carcinoma, and pathologists need to be prepared to recognize the unique characteristics of HER2 protein expression and gene amplification in these tumors and apply specific HER2 scoring criteria.

Objective.—

To provide a historical overview of targeted HER2 therapy in endometrial serous carcinoma and to summarize key findings from recent studies on the specific features of HER2 protein expression and gene amplification relative to other tumor types. Endometrial carcinoma–specific HER2 testing criteria are proposed based on evidence in the existing literature.

Data Sources.—

Sources comprise review of the literature and personal experience of the author.

Conclusions.—

HER2 protein overexpression and/or gene amplification is present in approximately 25% to 30% of endometrial serous carcinomas, providing an opportunity for targeted therapy. Pathologists play a key role in tumor HER2 testing and scoring to ensure appropriate patient selection and successful clinical outcome.
COVID-19: entre a ciência da natureza e a ciência do “espírito”
Authors: Gomes Thiago Barros
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a interpretação de John Dewey da história da filosofia e de seus problemas para tentar lançar luz sobre o estado de coisas atual, no qual, em meio a uma pandemia de COVID-19, políticos, religiosos e filósofos se confrontam com cientistas numa disputa para determinar quem tem autoridade para determinar como havemos de viver. A distinção que Dewey vê na história da filosofia entre ciências naturais e ciências do “espírito” na modernidade pode indicar a origem desse mal-estar e a resistência da classe “espiritual” em aceitar as orientações da classe dos cientistas.
Funkcjonalne różnicowanie małych miast północno-wschodniej Polski w warunkach depopulacji = Functional differentiation of small towns in North-Eastern Poland under a depopulation trend
Authors: Korcelli-Olejniczak Ewa
Published: July 2020

The changing role of small towns is a noticeable topic of contemporary research on urban and regional development in Poland. Unlike those situated within the zone of daily commuting around large cities, small urban localities in what are peripheral localities from the point of view of Poland as a whole are strongly exposed to metropolitan development backwash effects, which manifest themselves in migration outflow and population ageing, together with the loss of certain specialised functions that tend to cluster in centres at higher levels in the urban hierarchy. Going against these general trends, some of the towns in question are in a position to maintain existing activities in manufacturing or service branches of international or national market range, and/or to attract new ones. At the same time, those small urban localities that witness a curtailment of more-specialised functions experience a growing reliance on the public sector, in addition to commercial activities of local range, performing a stabilising role with regard to urban-rural functional relations at the local level of the settlement system. This article focuses on factors that underpin such polarisation trends by referring to the concepts of territorial competitiveness and territorial capital (Camagni, 2002, 2008). It illustrates their applicability using materials derived from an empirical study covering a subset of 19 small towns, of populations between 3000 and 10,000, situated in environmentally rich North-Eastern regions of Poland. Aiming to acquire primary data, the study has involved a series of extended, open-ended interviews with local stakeholders (5 to 7 per town), together with a questionnaire-based survey of 55 enterprises, in manufacturing and services of supra-local market range. As the results show (in line with the assumptions of Camagni), successful development of specialised functions, including niche-type activities in the small towns under study, can in several cases at least be linked to synergic effects between such components of territorial capital as creativity, local entrepreneurship and proactive policy on the part of local government. By focusing on the (EU Structural Fund-supported) extension and modernisation, of technical as well as social infrastructure, the latter have contributed to a general improvement in living conditions locally over the last fifteen years. This has in turn created some potential for attracting new residents, first of all from the surrounding rural areas; and – as a more distant prospect – also returning migrants from both abroad and other localities (typically Poland’s large urban centres). Thus, even in the face of prevailing depopulation trends, the small towns presented here (including local service centres) may enjoy certain opportunities to expand their place-of residence functions of both local and supra-local scope.
Kształtowanie układu administracyjnego II Rzeczypospolitej w świetle ówczesnych map = Development of the administrative system of Poland’s Second Republic as revealed in maps of the period
Authors: Eberhardt Piotr
Published: July 2020

This article pursues an analysis seeking to explain how political borders and administrative boundaries took shape in the Polish state that came back into being at the end of the First World War. This was a continuing period of instability from a military point of view, given the ongoing war with Bolshevik Russia (which continued through to 1920). The further investigation of this subject matter is assisted by the presentation here of cartography in the form of 8 original maps coming into being at that historic time. The first map dates from early 1919 – as first elections to the Legislative Sejm were pending. It thus shows constituencies (electoral districts) which at that time coincided with the country’s (county-level) units of administration. The presentation of this little-known (in essence now-forgotten) cartographic configuration offers a starting point for the further consideration of the political borders and administrative division that took shape in the newly-reborn Poland. Further historical maps included in the text thus show the Polish state with borders as variously construed, in what were a mixture of both authors’ concepts as to how these ought to look and borders actually existing at the given time and adjusted to the political situation of the given moment. These were thus limits set by military action, in the context of the armed conflicts that broke out with the polities neighbouring with Poland. The map included last in the text came out in 1921. It presents Poland’s political and administrative layout in the wake of the entry into force of the Treaty of Versailles, as well as in line with the provisions of the Treaty of Riga definitively setting the course of Poland’s eastern border. Also marked out on it is the internal division of the country into units at voivodeship level, as had been decided upon by the authorities of the independent Polish state. In essence, it was the political and administrative borders and boundaries established at that time that would persist unchanged through to 1938.
Resiliencia en el consumo de agua por parte de abastecimientos y regadíos ante las sequías en el Sureste de España
Authors: Gil-Meseguer Encarnación , Bernabé-Crespo Miguel Borja , Gómez-Espín José María
Published: July 2020

El objeto de estudio es analizar y comparar cómo responden regantes y abastecimientos a situaciones de sequía en el Sureste de España en el siglo XXI, con el ejemplo de las de 2005-2008 y 2017-2018. Metodológicamente es un estudio de geografía regional con análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo, diacrónico y comparado, y trabajo de campo. Entre las fuentes utilizadas sobresalen la consulta de archivos históricos, los datos de AEMET, los consumos de agua en abastecimientos y regadíos, y las entrevistas a gestores y usuarios. La respuesta ante las sequías del siglo XXI ha sido dispar. En la de 2005-2008, en el regadío hubo que reducir la superficie de arbolado; en abastecimientos, se recurrió a pozos de sequía y cesiones de derechos. En la de 2017-2018, se han aplicado nuevas tecnologías en sistemas de riego y de cultivo, aparte de algunos aportes de desalinización; en el caso de los abastecimientos, se ha completado la oferta con agua producto de la desalación. La gestión del agua se enfrenta al reto de escenarios de cambio climático en el que serán más frecuentes sucesos extremos como sequías e inundaciones que generarán dificultades (fallo de garantía de suministro) para satisfacer las demandas hídrica y alimentaria de una población creciente.
Nutrient Composition and Functional Properties of Fonio (Digetaria exilis) and Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Flour Blends
Authors: Ayo J. A. , Okoye E.
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the nutrient composition and functional properties of flour blend of acha and amaranth grains. The amaranth flour was substituted into acha flour at 5, 10, 15, and 20% and to produce acha-amaranth flour blend. The chemical composition and functional properties of the flour blend were determined. The protein, crude fibre, fat and ash content ranged from 7.66 - 12.93, 0.44 - 0.59, 0.15 - 1.01, and 0.11 - 0.96% with increase in added amaranth grain flour (0-20%). The moisture content and carbohydrate ranged from 12.46 – 11.7, 77.41 - 4.33% and decreased with increasing added amaranth flour.   The potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin B3, vitamin E and vitamin B6 content ranged from 0.09 - 0.14, 0.06 - 0.12, 0.19 - 0.34.14 - 0.24,  0.39 - 0.75 and 0.54- 0.69 mg/100 g increase with increasing in amaranth flour. The bulk density, swelling capacity ranged from 0.79 - 0.76 g/cm3 and 295.00 -275.00 ml/g, respectively with increases in added amaranth flour. The water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity and foaming capacity ranged from  120.00  – 145.00, 110.00  – 135.00,  0.06  - 0.09, ml/g, respectively, with increasing acha substitution using amaranth flour. the 20% amaranth flour addition had the highest values of protein, fat, ash and crude fiber at 7.66 - 12.93, 0.44 - 0.59, 0.15 - 1.01, and 0.11 - 0.96% respectively. Amaranth incorporation had significant effects and contributed to the improvement of the flour blend.