bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metapopulation dynamics and space use by reintroduced elk (Cervus elaphus) in central Ontario
Authors: McGeachy D. , Hamr J. , Mallory F.F.
Published: December 2016

Understanding population structure and resource selection is essential for wildlife management and conservation. We assessed the population structure of elk (Cervus elaphus L.,1758) in central Ontario. We used fuzzy and hierarchical cluster analyses to elucidate elk population structure based on spatial data collected from 41 radio-collared elk. We assessed space use between core and satellite subpopulations with the minimum convex polygon (MCP) and fixed kernel methods. Both fuzzy and hard clustering indicated that elk in this part of central Ontario occur in a metapopulation that includes five subpopulations. The largest cluster consisted of a core group containing 22 radio-collared elk located in Burwash, with several satellite subpopulations spread along a 50 km long north–south axis and a small subpopulation to the west located in Worthington. Survival rates among subpopulations were similar, ranging from 0.71 to 0.83, and anthropogenic causes of mortality were predominant only in the Burwash subpopulation. Space use and density of elk differed between core and satellite subpopulations. Understanding population structure is important to develop appropriate management plans. Our results support the conclusion that metapopulation structure can be reliably assessed using spatial data.
Rapid identification of a new gene influencing low amylose content in rice landraces (Oryza sativaL.) using genome-wide association study with specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing
Authors: Yang Xinghai , Nong Baoxuan , Xia Xiuzhong , Zhang Zongqiong , Zeng Yu , Liu Kaiqiang , Deng Guofu , Li Danting
Published: December 2016

Starch is the major component of milled rice, and amylose content (AC) affects eating quality. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) data was performed for AC on a core collection of 419 rice landraces. Using the compressed mixed linear method based on the Q+K model, we identified a new gene, LAC6 (Chr6: 5.65–6.04 Mb), associated with AC in the low amylose content panel. The LAC6 candidate gene was detected by qRT-PCR in rice panicles. Results indicate that LOC_Os06g11130 was up-regulated, and LOC_Os06g11340 was significantly down-regulated, making it most likely a key candidate gene of LAC6. In conclusion, the findings provide a certain theoretiacal basis of molecular biology for genetic improvement of AC in rice and rice quality variety breeding.
A classification of equivariant principal bundles over nonsingular toric varieties
Authors: Biswas Indranil , Dey Arijit , Poddar Mainak
Published: December 2016

We classify holomorphic as well as algebraic torus equivariant principal [Formula: see text]-bundles over a nonsingular toric variety [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a complex linear algebraic group. It is shown that any such bundle over an affine, nonsingular toric variety admits a trivialization in equivariant sense. We also obtain some splitting results.
Dynamics of supersolid crystals in microcavity polariton condensates
Authors: Eisa M. H. , Abdalla A. S.
Published: December 2016

The possible existence of quantum crystals phase of polariton condensate in two-dimensional microcavity polariton was studied by using mean-field method for bosons at zero temperature. In this study, we observe the supersolid crystallized (hexagonal, square) and a quantized winding number of the phase in a regime of strong- field interaction in rotating exciton–polariton condensates. First, the ground state of the condensate was found; and the solution was further extended for dynamics state to reach the equilibrium steady-state as well as their density profile and energy diagrams. The supersolid crystal is the result of the considerable deviation induced by the interaction of polaritons of both ground and dynamic states of a dressed dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate. Here, the researchers demonstrated the formation of a hexagonal lattice in the nonlinear regime at high polariton-density where polariton–polariton interactions dominate the behavior of the system. It was identified that stability regimes for ground state increases as the polariton–polariton interaction strength increases. The phase diagram for the stable vortex state will be useful for conducting experimental and theoretical studies on rotating dipolar quantum gases and many other exotic systems.
Numerical simulation of macrosegregation with grain motion during solidification of Mg-4wt.%Y alloy
Authors: Sun Qing Ya , Liu Dong-Rong , Zhang Jian Jiao , Wang Li Ping , Guo Er Jun
Published: December 2016

A two-phase solidification model was used that incorporates the descriptions of natural convection, heat transfer, solute transport and solid movement at macroscopic scale with microscopic relations for grain nucleation and growth. The implementation of the two-phase model was validated by comparisons with a consensus of previous numerical simulation for Sn-5wt.%Pb alloy and with experiment for Mg-4wt.%Y alloy cast in one-side-chilled resin sand mould. With free movement of globular grains in the bulk liquid, effects of melt superheat and nucleation density on fluid flow behavior and macrosegregation during solidification of Mg-4wt.%Y alloy were numerically investigated. It was found that a lower melt superheat and a higher nucleation density decrease the severity of macrosegregation by weakening the flotation of grains.
Comparative studies between the influence of single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes addition on Gd-123 superconducting phase
Authors: Abou-Aly A. I. , Anas M. , Ebrahim Shaker , Awad R. , Eldeen I. G.
Published: December 2016

The effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) addition on the phase formation and the superconducting properties of GdBa2Cu3O[Formula: see text] phase has been studied. Therefore, composite superconductor samples of type (CNTs)[Formula: see text] GdBa2Cu3O[Formula: see text], 0.0 [Formula: see text] 0.1 wt.% have been synthesized by a standard solid-state reaction technique. The samples have been characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of XRD show an enhancement in the phase formation up to 0.06 wt.% and 0.08 wt.% for SWCNTs and MWCNTs, respectively. SEM and TEM reveal that CNTs form an electrical network resulting in well-connected superconducting grains. The electrical properties of the prepared samples have been examined by electric resistivity and I–V measurements, and their results reinforce the XRD, SEM and TEM. Consequently, both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] improve as the addition percentage increases up to 0.06 wt.% and 0.08 wt.% for SWCNTs and MWCNTs, respectively.
Low-Power High-Accuracy Fixed-Width Radix-8 Booth Multiplier Using Probabilistic Estimation Technique
Authors: Bhusare Saroja S. , Kanchana Bhaaskaran V. S.
Published: December 2016

In many Multimedia and DSP applications, the fixed-width multipliers are used to avoid infinite growth in the word size. Fixed-width multiplier produces an [Formula: see text]-bit product with two [Formula: see text]-bit inputs. This paper presents probabilistic estimation technique applied for the fixed-width radix-8 Booth multiplier for the generation of the compensation bias circuit. The probabilistic estimation circuit for the fixed-width radix-8 Booth multiplier is derived systematically from theoretical computation in preference to time-consuming exhaustive simulations. Results show that the radix-8 direct truncated multiplier reduces the maximum absolute error by 33%, the average error by 22% and the mean square error by 39% for a 12-bit multiplier compared with the radix-4 direct truncated multiplier. Results also demonstrate that, with the probabilistic estimation technique applied to the fixed-width radix-8 Booth multiplier, there is a reduction of 25% in the maximum absolute error, 13.4% reduction in the average error, and 25.13% reduction in the mean square error have been realized compared with the existing fixed-width radix-4 Booth multiplier with probabilistic estimation technique. Standard EDA design tools are used for simulations.
Coding Efficiency and Bandwidth Enhancement in Polar Delta-Sigma Modulator Transmitter Using Quantization Noise Reduction and Parallel Processing Techniques
Authors: Majd Nasser Erfani , Fard Hassan Ghafoori , Mohammadi Abbas
Published: December 2016

This paper introduces an architecture to enhance coding efficiency (CE) and bandwidth of the delta-sigma modulator (DSM) transmitters. In this architecture a low-pass envelope DSM (LPEDSM) is used instead of the traditional Cartesian low-pass DSM (LPDSM) to reduce the quantization noise and to improve the coding efficiency. The simulation results show that for an uplink long-term evolution (LTE) signal with 1.92[Formula: see text]MHz bandwidth, 7.8[Formula: see text]dB peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and an oversampling ratio (OSR) of 32, the CE for the polar LPEDSM transmitter is equal to 41.72% in comparison to 9.7% CE for the Cartesian LPDSM transmitter. In the next step, the CE and bandwidth of the transmitter are improved at the same time by using the quantization noise reduction technique in the polar LPEDSM transmitter with parallel baseband. By using this combined technique in the four-branch transmitter baseband part for an uplink LTE signal with 7.68[Formula: see text]MHz bandwidth, 7.8[Formula: see text]dB PAPR, and an OSR of 32, the CE is improved from 42.59% to 55.86% with 40[Formula: see text]dB signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) while the clock speed is only 61.44[Formula: see text]MHz which is four times lower than the clock speed requirement of the conventional transmitter baseband part to achieve the same SNDR.
Design Optimization and Analysis of Proof Mass Actuation for MEMS Accelerometer: A Simulation Study
Authors: Narayanamurthy Vigneswaran , Lakshminarayanan Sujatha , Yacin S. Mohamed , Samsuri Fahmi
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we present the design and analysis of the proof mass for capacitive based MEMS accelerometers. A study was done to determine the parameters (length of hinge and number of combs) to be optimized for the MEMS accelerometer design. The proposed design can measure the acceleration in [Formula: see text]-, [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-axes. The design features a proof mass with interdigitated fingers along each side. These interdigitated fingers act as parallel plate capacitors. Due to acceleration, capacitance changes along the comb drive. This change in capacitance can be used to monitor the acceleration. Analysis has been carried out with different comb width designs. Using the MEMS CAD tool CoventorWare, the structure has been designed, simulated and analyzed. The process flow for the fabrication has also been proposed for the above structure. Comparative study with several designs has been made and the efficient design parameters to be considered while designing MEMS accelerometer were proposed. Based on the study, a set of optimized design parameters for the comb accelerometer were reported.
Data-Driven Audio Feature Space Clustering for Automatic Sound Recognition in Radio Broadcast News
Authors: Theodorou Theodoros , Mporas Iosif , Lazaridis Alexandros , Fakotakis Nikos
Published: December 2016

Aiming to an automatic sound recognizer for radio broadcasting events, a methodology of clustering the audio feature space using the discrimination ability of the audio descriptors as a criterion, is investigated in this work. From a given and close set of audio events, commonly found in broadcast news transmissions, a large set of audio descriptors is extracted and their data-driven ranking of relevance is clustered, providing a more robust feature selection. The clusters of the feature space are feeding machine learning algorithms implemented as classification models during the experimental evaluation. This methodology showed that support vector machines provide significantly good results, considering the achieved accuracy due to their ability of coping well in high dimensionality experimental conditions.
Khovanov homology, Lee homology and a Rasmussen invariant for virtual knots
Authors: Dye Heather A. , Kaestner Aaron , Kauffman Louis H.
Published: December 2016

The paper contains an essentially self-contained treatment of Khovanov homology, Khovanov–Lee homology as well as the Rasmussen invariant for virtual knots and virtual knot cobordisms which directly applies as well to classical knots and classical knot cobordisms. We give an alternate formulation for the Manturov definition [34] of Khovanov homology [25], [26] for virtual knots and links with arbitrary coefficients. This approach uses cut loci on the knot diagram to induce a conjugation operator in the Frobenius algebra. We use this to show that a large class of virtual knots with unit Jones polynomial is non-classical, proving a conjecture in [20] and [10]. We then discuss the implications of the maps induced in the aforementioned theory to the universal Frobenius algebra [27] for virtual knots. Next we show how one can apply the Karoubi envelope approach of Bar-Natan and Morrison [3] on abstract link diagrams [17] with cross cuts to construct the canonical generators of the Khovanov–Lee homology [30]. Using these canonical generators we derive a generalization of the Rasmussen invariant [39] for virtual knot cobordisms and generalize Rasmussen’s result on the slice genus for positive knots to the case of positive virtual knots. It should also be noted that this generalization of the Rasmussen invariant provides an easy to compute obstruction to knot cobordisms in [Formula: see text] in the sense of Turaev [42].
Simple-ribbon fusions on non-split links
Authors: Kishimoto Kengo , Shibuya Tetsuo , Tsukamoto Tatsuya
Published: December 2016

In [Simple ribbon fusions and genera for links, J. Math. Soc. Japan 68 (2016) 1033–1045], we introduced special types of fusions, so-called simple-ribbon fusions on links, and showed that they never decrease the genera of links. In this paper, we also gave a geometric condition for a simple-ribbon fusion to preserve a link type, and it turns out that a “complicated” simple-ribbon fusion may preserve a link type if the link is split. In this paper, we show that only “clearly trivial” simple-ribbon fusion preserves a link type if the link is non-split. This enables us to give a lower bound for the difference between genera of knots related by a simple-ribbon fusion.
Dehn coloring and the dimer model for knots
Authors: Madaus Alexander , Newman Maisie , Russell Heather M.
Published: December 2016

Fox coloring provides a combinatorial framework for studying dihedral representations of the knot group. The less well-known concept of Dehn coloring captures the same data. Recent work of Carter–Silver–Williams clarifies the relationship between the two focusing on how one transitions between Fox and Dehn colorings. In our work, we relate Dehn coloring to the dimer model for knots showing that Dehn coloring data is encoded by a certain weighted balanced overlaid Tait (BOT) graph. Using Kasteleyn theory, we provide graph theoretic methods for determining the structure of a knot’s coloring module. These constructions are closely related to Kauffman’s work on a state sum for the Alexander polynomial.
Extended quandle spaces and shadow homotopy invariants of classical links
Authors: Yang Seung Yeop
Published: December 2016

In 1993, Fenn, Rourke and Sanderson introduced rack spaces and rack homotopy invariants, and modifications to quandle spaces and quandle homotopy invariants were introduced by Nosaka in 2011. In this paper, we define the Cayley-type graph and the extended quandle space of a quandle in analogy to rack and quandle spaces. Moreover, we construct the shadow homotopy invariant of a classical link and prove that the shadow homotopy invariant is equal to the quandle homotopy invariant multiplied by the order of a quandle.
Is a Good Offensive Always the Best Defense?
Authors: Toledo-Marin J. Quetzalcoatl , Diaz-Mendez Rogelio , Mussot Marcelo Del Castillo
Published: December 2016

A checkers-like model game with a simplified set of rules is studied through extensive simulations of agents with different expertise and strategies. The introduction of complementary strategies, in a quite general way, provides a tool to mimic the basic ingredients of a wide scope of real games. We find that only for the player having the higher offensive expertise (the dominant player), maximizing the offensive always increases the probability to win. For the nondominant player, interestingly, a complete minimization of the offensive becomes the best way to win in many situations, depending on the relative values of the defense expertise. Further simulations on the interplay of defense expertise were done separately, in the context of a fully offensive scenario, offering a starting point for analytical treatments. In particular, we established that in this scenario the total number of moves is defined only by the player with the lower defensive expertise. We believe that these results stand for a first step towards a new way to improve decision making in a large number of zero-sum real games.
Vibration and Stability Analysis of DWCNT-Based Spinning Nanobearings
Authors: Firouz-Abadi Rohollah Dehghani , Mohammad-Khani Hassan , Rahmanian Mohammad
Published: December 2016

This paper aims at investigating free vibrations and stability of double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT)-based spinning nanobearings. The so-called nanobearing consists of two coaxial carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where either of the two CNTs can be a rotor while the other takes the role of stator. Euler–Bernoulli beam model along with the Eringen’s nonlocal theory of elasticity are employed to obtain governing equations of transverse vibrations for the CNTs. The coupling of the two CNTs originates from the van-der-Waals (vdW) forcing present in the interface of the two CNTs. The coupling is taken into account as distributed spring foundation with an equivalent elastic stiffness. Based on the obtained model, effects of small-scale parameter, vdW interaction between CNTs and the diameter ratio of CNTs on the critical spinning speed are investigated. Finally, the stability margins of the nanobearings are determined and some general conclusions are drawn.
Strongly weakly nil-clean rings
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Sheibani Marjan
Published: December 2016

A ring [Formula: see text] is strongly weakly nil-clean if every element in [Formula: see text] is the sum or difference of a nilpotent and an idempotent that commutes. We prove, in this paper, that a ring [Formula: see text] is strongly weakly nil-clean if and only if for any [Formula: see text], there exists an idempotent [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is nilpotent if and only if [Formula: see text] forms an ideal and [Formula: see text] is weakly Boolean if and only if [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is strongly nil-clean and [Formula: see text] is an IU ring if and only if [Formula: see text] has no homomorphic image [Formula: see text] and for any [Formula: see text], there exists [Formula: see text] (depending on [Formula: see text]) such that [Formula: see text]. These also extend known theorems of Danchev, Kosan, Zhou, etc.
Arithmetic of commutative semigroups with a focus on semigroups of ideals and modules
Authors: Fan Yushuang , Geroldinger Alfred , Kainrath Florian , Tringali Salvatore
Published: December 2016

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative semigroup with unit element such that every non-unit can be written as a finite product of irreducible elements (atoms). For every [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] denote the set of all [Formula: see text] with the property that there are atoms [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] (thus, [Formula: see text] is the union of all sets of lengths containing [Formula: see text]). The Structure Theorem for Unions states that, for all sufficiently large [Formula: see text], the sets [Formula: see text] are almost arithmetical progressions with the same difference and global bound. We present a new approach to this result in the framework of arithmetic combinatorics, by deriving, for suitably defined families of subsets of the non-negative integers, a characterization of when the Structure Theorem holds. This abstract approach allows us to verify, for the first time, the Structure Theorem for a variety of possibly non-cancellative semigroups, including semigroups of (not necessarily invertible) ideals and semigroups of modules. Furthermore, we provide the very first example of a semigroup (actually, a locally tame Krull monoid) that does not satisfy the Structure Theorem.
A LUMPED PARAMETER MODEL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM WITH PULSATING HEART FOR DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
Authors: FROLOV S. V. , SINDEEV S. V. , LISCHOUK V. A. , GAZIZOVA D. SH. , LIEPSCH D. , BALASSO A.
Published: December 2016

Mathematical modeling of cardiovascular system provides an ability to study hemodynamics and to predict the results of treatment based on individual anatomical and physiological data of patients. However, the presently developed models of cardiovascular system have a limitation on use in clinical practice due to their physical and computational complexities. The aim of this study is to derive a lumped parameter model of cardiovascular system with pulsating heart in which all parameters have a physically based quantitative value and can be identified using clinical methods. For development of a cardiovascular system model the chamber analog was used which describes whole cardiovascular system as a set of elastic chambers. The proposed model consists of systemic and pulmonary circulation, four-chamber heart and four valves. The description of heart is based on a four-element representation of a cardiac muscle. The reverse blood flow via valves is considered. The accuracy of the derived model was evaluated by comparing the data of numerical simulation with experimental data. The limitations of the model were discussed as well as possible applications of the model were suggested. The proposed lumped parameter model can be used to support clinicians in their decisions in treating cardiovascular disorders.
A CONSISTENT DATA FUSION APPROACH FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION IN RIGID MUSCULOSKELETAL SIMULATION
Authors: DAO TIEN TUAN , HO BA THO MARIE-CHRISTINE
Published: December 2016

Uncertainty quantification in rigid musculoskeletal modeling is essential to analyze the risks related to the simulation outcomes. Data fusion from multiple sources is a potential solution to reduce data uncertainties. This present study aimed at proposing a new data fusion rule leading to a more consistent and coherent data for uncertainty quantification. Moreover, a new uncertainty representation was developed using imprecise probability approach. A biggest maximal coherent subsets (BMCS) operator was defined to fuse interval-valued data ranges from multiple sources. Fusion-based probability-box structure was developed to represent the data uncertainty. Case studies were performed for uncertainty propagation through inverse dynamics and static optimization algorithms. Hip joint moment and muscle force estimation were computed under effect of the uncertainties of thigh mass and muscle properties. Respective p-boxes of these properties were generated. Regarding the uncertainty propagation analysis, correlation coefficients showed a very good value ([Formula: see text]) for the proposed fusion operator according to classical operators. Muscle force variation of the rectus femoris was computed. Peak-to-peak (i.e., difference between maximal values) rectus femoris forces showed deviations of 55[Formula: see text]N and 40[Formula: see text]N for the first and second peaks, respectively. The development of the new fusion operator and fusion-based probability-box leads to a more consistent uncertainty quantification. This allows the estimation of risks associated with the simulation outcomes under input data uncertainties for rigid musculoskeletal modeling and simulation.
WAVES IN ISOTROPIC TOTALISTIC CELLULAR AUTOMATA: APPLICATION TO REAL-TIME ROBOT NAVIGATION
Authors: CALVO C. , VILLACORTA-ATIENZA J. A. , MIRONOV V. I. , GALLEGO V. , MAKAROV V. A.
Published: December 2016

Totalistic cellular automata (CA) are an efficient tool for simulating numerous wave phenomena in discrete media. However, their inherent anisotropy often leads to a significant deviation of the model results from experimental data. Here, we propose a computationally efficient isotropic CA with the standard Moore neighborhood. Our model exploits a single postulate: the information transfer in an isotropic medium occurs at constant rate. To fulfill this requirement, we introduce in each cell a local counter keeping track of the distance run by the wave from its source. This allows maintaining the wave velocity constant in all possible directions even in the presence of nonconductive local areas (obstacles) with complex spatial geometry. Then, we illustrate the model on the problem of real-time building of cognitive maps used for navigation of a mobile robot. The isotropic property of the CA helps obtaining “smooth” trajectories and hence natural robot movement. The accuracy and flexibility of the approach are proved experimentally by driving the robot to a target avoiding collisions with obstacles.
Application of DFT concepts to the study of the chemical reactivity of some resveratrol derivatives through the assessment of the validity of the “Koopmans in DFT” (KID) procedure
Authors: Frau Juan , Muñoz Francisco , Glossman-Mitnik Daniel
Published: December 2016

The validity of the “Koopmans in DFT” (KID) procedure have been assessed by means of the calculation of several Conceptual DFT reactivity descriptors calculated through a [Formula: see text]SCF procedure compared with the results of the HOMO and LUMO energies of the neutral system. Three resveratrol derivatives were considered: cis- and trans-piceid and resveratrone-6-O-[Formula: see text] glucoside. The Minnesota latest family of density functionals have been considered for the calculations in connection with water as a solvent simulated with the SMD parametrization. It is shown that the range-separated hybrids MN12SX and N12SX fulfill the KID procedure with great accuracy.
Drug repurposing and therapeutic anti-microRNA predictions for inhibition of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cell-associated diseases
Authors: Chen Shun-Tsung , Huang Chien-Hung , Kok Victor C. , Huang Chi-Ying F. , Ciou Jin-Shuei , Tsai Jeffrey J. P. , Kurubanjerdjit Nilubon , Ng Ka-Lok
Published: December 2016

Drug repurposing is a new method for disease treatments, which accelerates the identification of new uses for existing drugs with minimal side effects for patients. MicroRNA-based therapeutics are a class of drugs that have been used in gene therapy following the FDA’s approval of the first anti-sense therapy. This study examines the effects of oxLDL on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and identifies potential drugs and antimiRs for treating VSMC-associated diseases. The Connectivity Map (cMap) database is utilized to identify potential new uses of existing drugs. The success of the identifications was supported by MTT assay, clonogenic assay and clinical trial data. Specifically, 37 drugs, some of which are undergoing clinical trials, were identified. Three of the identified drugs exhibit IC50 activities. Among the 37 drugs’ targets, three differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are identified as drug targets by using both the DrugBank and the NCBI PubChem Compound databases. Also, one DEG, DNMT1, which is regulated by 17 miRNAs, where these miRNAs are potential targets for developing antimiR-based miRNA therapy, is found.
Flexible Structure and Wheeled Feet to Simplify Biped Locomotion of Humanoid Robots
Authors: Muscolo Giovanni Gerardo , Recchiuto Carmine Tommaso
Published: December 2016

The paper presents a creative design approach focused at simplifying the control of biped humanoid robots locomotion in a domestic scenario. The creative design approach is the result of intensive studies aimed at optimizing dynamic balance ZMP-based control on fully-actuated biped platforms. The innovative solution proposed in this paper is applied to the realization of a novel humanoid robot, ROLLO, which is based on the implementation of a passive flexible structure constituting the robotic legs, and of wheeled feet. The unconventional use of the cylindrical helical springs in the flexible structure of the legs allows obtaining a biped robot able to achieve an alternate leg motion having only two active motors and remaining in a standing position also when the motors are not active.
A Recovery-Based Error Estimator for the Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Transient Linear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws on Cartesian Grids
Authors: Baccouch Mahboub
Published: December 2016

This paper is concerned with the application of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method to the solution of unsteady linear hyperbolic conservation laws on Cartesian grids. We present several superconvergence results and we construct a robust recovery-type a posteriori error estimator for the directional derivative approximation based on an enhanced recovery technique. We first identify a special numerical flux and a suitable initial discretization for which the [Formula: see text]-norm of the solution is of order [Formula: see text], when tensor product polynomials of degree at most [Formula: see text] are used. Then, we prove superconvergence towards a particular projection of the directional derivative. The order of superconvergence is proved to be [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we establish an [Formula: see text] global superconvergence for the solution flux at the outflow boundary of the domain. We also provide a simple derivative recovery formula which is [Formula: see text] superconvergent approximation to the directional derivative. We use the superconvergence results to construct asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimate for the directional derivative approximation by solving a local steady problem on each element. Finally, we prove that the a posteriori DG error estimate at a fixed time converges to the true error in the [Formula: see text]-norm at [Formula: see text] rate. Our results are valid without the flow condition restrictions. Numerical examples validating these theoretical results are presented.
An equivariant Kastler–Kalau–Walze type theorem
Authors: Wang Yong
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we prove an equivariant Kastler–Kalau–Walze type theorem for spin manifolds without boundary. For [Formula: see text]-dimensional spin manifolds with boundary, we also give an equivariant Kastler–Kalau–Walze type theorem. Then we generalize this theorem to the general [Formula: see text]-dimensional manifold. An equivariant Kastler–Kalau–Walze type theorem with torsion is also proved.
On the q-deformed circular imaginary unit and hyperbolic imaginary unit: q-deformed rotation in two dimension and q-deformed special relativity in 1 + 1 dimension
Authors: Chung Won Sang , Kim Jae Yoon
Published: December 2016

In this paper, the [Formula: see text]-deformed circular unit and hyperbolic imaginary unit are studied. With a help of these units, the invariant [Formula: see text]-deformed length is defined. As applications, the [Formula: see text]-deformed rotation in two dimension and [Formula: see text]-deformed special relativity in [Formula: see text] dimension are also investigated.
Hadamard well-posedness of the gravity water waves system
Authors: Nguyen Quang-Huy
Published: December 2016

We consider the system of (pure) gravity water waves in any dimension and in a fluid domain with a general bottom geometry. The unique solvability of this problem was established by Alazard–Burq–Zuily [Invent. Math. 198(1) (2014) 71–163] at a low regularity level where the initial surface is [Formula: see text] in terms of Sobolev embeddings; this result allows the existence of free surfaces with unbounded curvature. Our result states that the solutions obtained in the above work depend continuously on initial data in the strong topology in which the solutions are constructed. This establishes a well-posedness result in the sense of Hadamard.
Remarks on the flatness of ternary cyclotomic polynomials
Authors: Zhang Bin
Published: December 2016

For a positive integer [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text]th cyclotomic polynomial [Formula: see text] is called flat if its coefficients are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be odd primes with [Formula: see text] for some positive integer [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we classify all the flat cyclotomic polynomials [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Boundedness of fractional differential operator in complex spaces
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha W. , Kılıçman Adem , Abdulnaby Zainab E.
Published: December 2016

In this work, we introduce some properties of a complex fractional differential operator. The boundedness and some other properties are studied in view of geometric function theory.
Optimizing Ni–Ti-based shape memory alloys for ferroic cooling
Authors: Wieczorek A. , Frenzel J. , Schmidt M. , Maaß B. , Seelecke S. , Schütze A. , Eggeler G.
Published: December 2016

Due to their large latent heats, pseudoelastic Ni–Ti-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) are attractive candidate materials for ferroic cooling, where elementary solid-state processes like martensitic transformations yield the required heat effects. The present work aims for a chemical and microstructural optimization of Ni–Ti for ferroic cooling. A large number of Ni–Ti-based alloy compositions were evaluated in terms of phase transformation temperatures, latent heats, mechanical hysteresis widths and functional stability. The aim was to identify material states with superior properties for ferroic cooling. Different material states were prepared by arc melting, various heat treatments and thermo-mechanical processing. The cooling performance of selected materials was assessed by differential scanning calorimetry, uniaxial tensile loading/unloading, and by using a specially designed ferroic cooling demonstrator setup. A Ni[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Cu5V[Formula: see text] SMA was identified as a potential candidate material for ferroic cooling. This material combines extremely stable pseudoelasticity at room temperature and a very low hysteresis width. The ferroic cooling efficiency of this material is four times higher than in the case of binary Ni–Ti.
Microfluidic neural axon diode
Authors: Na Sangcheol , Kang Myeongwoo , Bang Seokyoung , Park Daehun , Kim Jinhyun , Sim Sang Jun , Chang Sunghoe , Jeon Noo Li
Published: December 2016

Neural circuits, groups of neurons connected in directional manner, play a central role in information processing. Advances in neuronal biology research is limited by a lack of appropriate in vitro methods to construct and probe neuronal networks. Here, we describe a microfluidic culture platform that directs the growth of axons using “neural diode” structures to control neural connectivity. This platform is compatible with live cell imaging and can be used to (i) form pre-synaptic and postsynaptic neurons by directional axon growth and (ii) localize physical and chemical treatment to pre- or postsynaptic neuron groups (i.e. virus infection and etc.). The “neural diode” design consist of a microchannel that split into two branches: one is directed straight toward while the other returns back toward the starting point in a closed loop to send the axons back to the origin. We optimized the “neural diode” pattern dimension and design to achieve close to 70% directionality with a single unit of the “diode”. When repeated 3 times, near perfect (98–100% at wide range of cell concentrations) directionality can be achieved. The living neural circuit was characterized using Ca imaging and confirmed their function. The platform also serves as a straightforward, reproducible method to recapitulate a variety of neural circuit in vitro that were previously observable only in brain slice or in vivo models. The microfluidic neural diode may lead to better models for understanding the neural circuit and neurodegenerative diseases.
Alternating crustal architecture in West Iberia: a review of its significance in the context of NE Atlantic rifting
Authors: Pereira Ricardo , Alves Tiago M. , Mata João
Published: December 2016

The crustal architecture of the Western Iberian Margin is investigated so that the relationship between synrift intra-plate segmentation, magmatic events and subsequent margin convergence can be discussed in the context of the evolution of the Central–North Atlantic Ocean. The evidence in this paper indicates distinct crustal architectures for NW Iberia (lower-plate) and SW Iberia (upper-plate), as shown by (1) the different geometries of the rotated tilt-blocks across thinned continental crust, (2) the distinct dips of deep crustal detachments and (3) the presence of first-order strike-slip zones bounding different crustal segments. We demonstrate that a switch in the dip direction of the crustal detachment is accomplished by accommodating persistent transcurrent deformation along first-order transfer zones and associated uplifted hinges, both of which accommodated synrift displacement and post-rift margin inversion. This alternating architecture explains why recurrent magmatism is conspicuously located on the upper-plate margin, which we consider to have favoured, in discrete pulses, the emplacement of magma. Finally, the crustal detachment underlying the upper-plate is interpreted to have been reactivated since the Eocene as the weak zone accommodating ocean–continent convergence and the putative onset of margin subduction.

Supplementary material:
Summary of the three main magmatic events on the onshore and offshore West Iberia and their associated occurrences, location and magmatism type, in relation with the syn- to post-rift evolution of the margin are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3591209
Tectonic and environmental controls on Palaeozoic fluvial environments: reassessing the impacts of early land plants on sedimentation
Authors: Santos Maurício G. M. , Mountney Nigel P. , Peakall Jeff
Published: December 2016

The apparent increase in occurrence of meandering fluvial channel systems in the Middle Palaeozoic has long been related to the effects of land-plant colonization. However, evidence for meandering channels in non-vegetated settings is shown by pre-vegetation successions on Earth, from the prevalence of meandering channels on Mars, from physical modelling of meandering channels, and from non-vegetated channels in modern desert basins. In addition, early land plants had small dimensions, were limited in their occurrence, and were dependent on environmental factors. Here, we question the capacity of early land plants to impose the major impacts suggested by current models. We propose that the sudden widespread occurrence on Earth of fluvial deposits indicative of the accumulation of meandering river systems in the Middle Palaeozoic was primarily an effect of environmental and tectonic conditions that prevailed during this period. These conditions induced a worldwide increase in the proportion of meandering rivers, which in turn helped favour the appropriate environment for land-plant colonization of the continents. We propose that land plants opportunistically took advantage of an appropriate global environment, which enabled them to thrive in continental environments. Fluvial environments characterized by single-channel systems and stable floodplains facilitated the greening of the land.
Characterization of transport and water retention properties of damaged Callovo-Oxfordian claystone
Authors: M'Jahad S. , Davy C. A. , Skoczylas F. , Talandier J.
Published: December 2016

In the context of the underground storage of radioactive waste, the aim of this experimental study is to characterize the effect of damage on transport and water retention properties of Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillite. The originality of the study is to simultaneously investigate the pore-size distribution, water retention, the dry, effective and relative gas permeability, and the gas breakthrough pressure (GBP) of damaged COx argillite. These different properties are all relevant to characterizing the fluid transport ability of COx argillite.

Results show that the damage has a significant impact on the properties of the COx argillite. It induces a decrease in its water retention capacity and GBP, and it increases its gas permeability and apparent porosity available to water owing to the creation of micro-cracks.

Another objective is to show which of these properties is the most suitable to detect early damage states in COx argillite, with a potential use being to identify them
in situ
. GBP appears to be the best ‘detector’ of damage because of its sensitivity to damage even under high confinement pressures. Gas permeability could be a good indicator of damage, as it increases significantly (one or several orders of magnitude) after the damage. Finally, the water permeability curve is a poor indicator of COx argillite damage.
Recursive SDN for Carrier Networks
Authors: McCauley James , Liu Zhi , Panda Aurojit , Koponen Teemu , Raghavan Barath , Rexford Jennifer , Shenker Scott
Published: December 2016

Control planes for global carrier networks should be programmable and scalable. Neither traditional control planes nor new SDN-based control planes meet both of these goals. Here we propose a framework for recursive routing computations that combines the best of SDN (programmability through centralized controllers) and traditional networks (scalability through hierarchy) to achieve these two desired properties. Through simulation on graphs of up to 10,000 nodes, we evaluate our design's ability to support a variety of unicast routing and traffic engineering solutions, while incorporating a fast failure recovery mechanism based on network virtualization.
The 8th Workshop on Active Internet Measurements (AIMS-8) Report
Authors: claffy kc
Published: December 2016

On 10-12 February 2016, CAIDA hosted the eighth Workshop on Active Internet Measurements (AIMS-8) as part of our series of Internet Statistics and Metrics Analysis (ISMA) workshops. This workshop series provides a forum for stakeholders in Internet active measurement projects to communicate their interests and concerns, and explore cooperative approaches to maximizing the collective benefit of deployed infrastructure and gathered measurements. Discussion topics included: infrastructure development status and plans; experimental design, execution, and cross-validation; challenges to incentivize hosting, sharing, and using measurement infrastructure; data access, sharing, and analytics; and challenges of emerging high bandwidth network measurement infrastructure. Other recurrent topics included paths toward increased interoperability and cooperative use of infrastructures, and ethical frameworks to support active Internet measurement. Materials related to the workshop are at\\ http://www.caida.org/workshops/aims/1602/.
“Resource Pooling” for Wireless Networks
Authors: Qadir Junaid , Sathiaseelan Arjuna , Wang Liang , Crowcroft Jon
Published: December 2016

We live in a world in which there is a great disparity between the lives of the rich and the poor. Technology offers great promise in bridging this gap. In particular, wireless technology unfetters developing communities from the constraints of infrastructure providing a great opportunity to leapfrog years of neglect and technological waywardness. In this paper, we highlight the role of resource pooling for wireless networks in the developing world. Resource pooling involves (i) abstracting a collection of networked resources to behave like a single unified resource pool and (ii) developing mechanisms for shifting load between the various parts of the unified resource pool. The popularity of resource pooling stems from its ability to provide resilience, high utilization, and flexibility at an acceptable cost. We show that ``resource pooling'', which is very popular in its various manifestations, is the key unifying principle underlying a diverse number of successful wireless technologies (such as white space networking, community networks, etc.). We discuss various applications of resource pooled wireless technologies and provide a discussion on open issues.
Emerging studies of human visceral nociceptors
Authors: Reed David E. , Vanner Stephen J.
Published: December 2016

Animal studies have led to significant advances in our understanding of pain mechanisms in the intestine that could lead to altered signaling in disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome. However, how these translate to the human afferent nervous system is unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that it is possible to use a variety of techniques, including electrophysiological recordings, to begin to examine these concepts in humans. This mini-review examines these studies to explore how well animal studies translate to humans suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, highlights some of the advantages and technical limitations of these approaches, and identifies some priorities for future studies using human tissues.