bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disinformation and Cyberterrorism in Light of the Standards of the Council of Europe
Authors: Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz Katarzyna , Nowikowska Monika
Published: December 2024

We live in an age where the internet is the main source of information. We can find reliable facts there, but it is also easy to come across misrepresentations, half-truths or news stories that are only intended to sow panic. This is how disinformation works. In the age of the internet, manipulating information has become a powerful tool. Disinformation in the new media is entirely intentional and deliberate. It involves the transmission of false or manipulated information that causes the recipient to be misled. Disinformation creates an image of the world that is inconsistent with reality. It leads to erroneous decisions and actions and creates a false view of a particular piece of information. Disinformation can influence election results, shape public behaviour and affect the mood of a country. Disinformation on the internet has become one of the biggest threats to the digital space. Today, it is not limited to individual states, but affects institutions at the international level.

Also linked to technological advances and the development of the global internet is the phenomenon of cyber-terrorism. Cyber-terrorism is a combination of classic terrorist activities and the use of the latest ICT devices. States are becoming increasingly aware of the threats emanating from the network and are taking up the fight against them in order to protect the most important elements of critical infrastructure that guarantee the smooth functioning of a country. States need to be ready at both a legal and practical level for the occurrence of a cyber-terrorist attack in order to be able to effectively repel and defend themselves. This article examines the issue of Disinformation and Cyberterrorism in Light of the Standards of the Council of Europe.
Strengthening Circular Economy through Industrial Symbiosis: The NextGenerationEU Opportunity
Authors: Džajić Uršič Erika
Published: December 2024

Adopting the approach of industrial symbiosis, where waste from one company becomes input for another, aligns with global sustainability goals, including the Paris Agreement, UN 2030 Agenda, and European Green Deal. These initiatives promote a development model balancing profitability, social progress, and environmental protection. This chapter examines strategies and policies for sustainable resource management, heightened by COVID-19, and the EU's push for systematic implementation through the European Green Deal and NextGenerationEU. The research question addresses whether existing regulations and practices are sufficient for meeting the EU's green and digital commitments.
The Effectiveness of European Union Regional Policies - A Longitudinal Review
Authors: Pandiloska Jurak Alenka
Published: December 2024

To improve the economic well-being of regions to avoid regional disparities in the EU, the EU sets the Cohesion Policy to boost regions that are lacking behind. The aim of this paper is to make an overview of regions and their eligibility for Cohesion funds, compare selected statistical data and see if progress can be detected by the longitudinal figures alone. With a general overview of the regional progress in various areas, such as GDP, poverty and employment, we will outline how and if overall retention of regional policies indicates a general rise in the backlog of less developed regions.
Bringing European Union Grand Strategies Closer to Local Communities: The Role of Community Foundations in Substantiating EU's Strategic Thinking on Sustainable Development
Authors: Cibian Stefan
Published: December 2024

While the European Union (EU) asserts a global leadership position based on its grand strategic vision, its ability to keep citizens close in that endeavor proves, however, to be limited. At the same time, a good number of local communities in the EU are augmenting their impact at home and abroad, almost always without managing to capture the attention of the EU institutions, strategies, and policies. The community infrastructure that is generated presents functional approaches for addressing local sustainability challenges and is inspiring communities globally. The chapter argues that the EU's democratic deficit becomes both a liability and a vulnerability in creating and consolidating a more powerful global position and in implementing global strategies. In doing so, it reviews the experience of European community foundations in enhancing strategic thinking in local communities and explores the ways in which the two narratives, local and European, could come together to reinforce each other.
The Contemporary Paradigm of Human Dignity in the European Union Context
Authors: Kleindienst Petra
Published: December 2024

The European Council adopted a strategic agenda for the period 2019-2024 focused on protecting citizens and freedoms while promoting European interests and values on the global stage. In this regard, the concept of human dignity is crucial given that the first article of the Charter of Fundamental Fights of the EU states »Human dignity is inviolable. It must be respected and protected«. This chapter presents traditional and contemporary paradigms of human dignity relying on its cultural and historical aspects and highlights its relevance in the context of the EU today.
Differential expression of silicon transporter genes in frustule formation of the marine diatom Thalassiosira eccentrica LIMS-PS-3165
Authors: Kim Min Sung , Park Seunghye , Nam Onyou , Lee Jiyeon , Jin EonSeon
Published: December 2024

Diatoms are photosynthetic unicellular organisms surrounded by silica-based cell walls known as frustules. Given their widespread distribution in aquatic systems and their prolific nature, diatoms play a pivotal role in global silica cycling. Silicon transporter (SIT) proteins play a critical role in this process by facilitating the import and intracellular transport of dissolved silica. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms controlling the uptake and utilization of silica below the concentration range of Si, where free diffusion of Si is insufficient for proliferation. In our investigation, we observed varied frustule synthesis responses of Thalassiosira eccentrica LIMS-PS-3165 under different nutrient limitations through fluorescence labeling of newly synthesized frustules. Additionally, we examined the expression patterns of SIT genes following silicon replenishment and analyzed the sequences of two SITs, TeSIT1/2 and TeSIT3, from T. eccentrica. Upon silicon resupply after a period of silicon deprivation, TeSIT1/2 transcription was downregulated, whereas TeSIT3 expression remained unaffected. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences revealed that TeSIT1/2 and TeSIT3 share 10 transmembrane domains and two conserved GXQ motifs, indicating structural similarities and differences in their silicon transport mechanisms. These findings enhance our understanding of silicon transport responses in T. eccentrica under nutrient-limited conditions and contribute to broader knowledge of silica biogeochemistry in diatoms.
Effects of environmental and physical factors on the shell infiltration density of free-living conchocelis of three Pyropia species (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Heo Jin Suk , Kim Jang Kyun , Choi Han Gil
Published: December 2024

Shell infiltration of free-living conchocelis of the three commercial Pyropia species (P. yezoensis, P. seriata, and P. dentata) were examined in various conditions of temperatures (20–25°C), light intensities (1, 10, 40, and 80 μmol photons m-2 s-1), conchocelis quantities (100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg) and sizes (108, 209, 324, 411, and 519 μm). The optimal shell infiltration conditions were 20°C and 40 μmol photons m-2 s-1 in all species. The infiltration densities were 44.81–146.15 conchocelis cm-2 for P. yezoensis, 51.40–190.49 conchocelis cm-2 for P. seriata, and 22.24–92.49 conchocelis cm-2 for P. dentata. Inefficient shell infiltration was observed with the different conchocelis quantities from 100 to 300 mg. A positive corelationship was observed between shell infiltration density and the amount of conchocelis. The optimal blending time for maximizing infiltration density was 40 s for P. yezoensis and P. seriata and 25 s for P. dentata. This blending time correlated with a cell count of 5–7 cells. Total conchocelis lengths of 5–7 cells were approximately 300 μm for P. yezoensis and P. seriata (with cell size of about 45 μm) and approximately 400 μm for P. dentata (with a cell size of about 65 μm). These results suggest that, to achieve optimal shell infiltration density for P. dentata, the blending time should be reduced by half, and the amount of conchocelis should be increased twofold, making it comparable to the other two Pyropia species.
About adverse events of targeted therapy for polypous rhinosinusitis
Authors: Korkmazov A. M. , Popadyuk V. I. , Gisinger O. A. , Kornova N. V.
Published: December 2024

The study of biologically active inflammatory mediators is important in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in nasal secretions in the upper respiratory tract allergies in patients living in various cities of the Russian Federation. Patients and methods. We examined 86 patients aged 28 to 40 years (men-to-women ratio was 1:1 in patients and control group) with a persistent form of allergic rhinitis living in various cities of Russian Federation (Chelyabinsk, Moscow). Group 1 included 36 patients with newly diagnosed allergic rhinitis who did not take any medications (subgroup 1a included 18 persons living in Chelyabinsk; 1b consisted of 18 patients living in Moscow). Group 2 included 30 patients who received long-term intranasal steroid medications (4.9±0.9 months): 2a, patients who lived in Chelyabinsk (n = 15), and 2b lived in Moscow (n = 15). Control group 3 included twenty healthy volunteers aged 28 to 40 years. The disease symptoms were documented in the patients, nasal secretions were collected by endoscopy, and the samples were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). It has been shown that the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in nasal secretions showed a significant (p 0.05) unidirectional decrease in adult patients with allergic rhinitis living in various cities of the Russian Federation.
About adverse events of targeted therapy for polypous rhinosinusitis
Authors: Lengina M. A. , Korkmazov M. Y. , Karpov I. A. , Uchaev D. A. , Mochalov Y. A. , Voevodina P. A. , Trikula O. V.
Published: December 2024

At the present time, usage of monoclonal antibodies is the most progressive method of pathogenetic therapy of polypous rhinosinusitis. The innovation of targeted therapy is based on the inhibition of key cytokines IL-4, IL-13 involved in pathogenetic remodeling of the mucous membrane of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses at the stages of emerging T2 inflammation. At the same time, certain issues remain unresolved, concerning administration of monoclonal antibodies for treatment of nasal polyposes. We provide a brief historical review of publications devoted to efficiency analysis of biological therapy. In this context, registration of adverse events upon usage of targeted monoclonal antibody therapy becomes extremely valuable, along with prediction of long-term treatment results and assessment of immune status of the patients.
Studies of altered phagocytic and bactericidal function of neutrophils in patients with post-COVID syndrome, depending on the degree of lung damage detected by computer tomography in acute period of coronavirus infection
Authors: Mosunov Andrey A.
Published: December 2024

By the beginning of May 2023, the epidemic situation regarding COVID-19 was assessed by WHO as favorable, thus enabling to cancel the international emergency state and declare the end of the pandemic on May 5, 2023. Currently, COVID-19 is becoming a seasonal infection. COVID-19 is often accompanied by imbalanced immune response including decreased number of white blood cells and functional changes of immune cells, e.g., affecting activity of neutrophils, including their phagocytic abilities. About 48% of patients who suffered from COVID-19 developed a post-COVID syndrome which is referred to a number of persistent immune disorders which persist for more than 6-12 months after acute infection. Post-COVID-19 disorders of the cellular component of the immune system can manifest with decreased levels of various lymphocyte subpopulations, e.g., NK cells, T cytotoxic lymphocytes, reduced expression of pan-leukocyte CD46 marker on T lymphocytes, as well as changed number and functionality of neutrophils involved in the antiviral immune response. The neutrophils, as a key population of immune system, play an important role in the response to the infection. So far, however, the mechanisms responsible for their functional changes in the context of the post-COVID syndrome remain poorly understood. The results of the study showed that, in patients with post-COVID syndrome, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) remains within normal range in patients with lung damage of less than 50%. In patients with lung damage of more than 50%, there is a trend for increase of this index, which may suggest a need for in-depth study of immunity in these groups of patients. Statistically significant differences in the innate immunity indexes were detected with respect to phagocytic and bactericidal activity of neutrophils in patients over post-COVID period who showed different extent of lung damage during the acute phase of coronavirus infection.
Level of circulating cytokines in children with chronic liver diseases at different stages of fibrosis
Authors: Kurbatova O. V. , Petrichuk S. V. , Kuptsova D. G. , Radygina T. V. , Kozlova D. I. , Khizha V. V. , Movsisyan G. B. , Parakhina D. V. , Komarova A. D. , Semikina E. L. , Potapov A. S. , Fisenko A. P.
Published: December 2024

Liver diseases cause about 2 million deaths per year worldwide, with cirrhosis accounting for 2.1% of this number. The cytokine and chemokine balance determines outcomes of immune response. Many cytokines are involved in progression and control of various liver diseases via regulation of cellular activity.
Our aim was to assess the level of circulating cytokines and chemokines depending on the stage of fibrosis in children with chronic liver diseases.
51 children with chronic liver diseases were examined (32 children with autoimmune hepatitis, 12 children with Wilson’s disease, 5 children with Gaucher disease and 2 children with glycogen storage disease). All children were assessed for the stage of liver fibrosis (AF) using METAVIR scale (FibroScan F502). The contents of circulating serum cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and angiogenesis was determined by the MILLIPLEX® Human Cytokine/Chemokine/Growth Factor Panel A Magnetic Bead Panel, an immunoassay based on Luminex® technology. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the program “Statistica 10.0”.
The levels of EGF, Fractalkine, IFNá, IL-10 and MIG increased significantly from F0 stage to F4 stage. A significant decrease from stage F0 to stage F4 was revealed for eotaxin, IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A. Some cytokines were characterized by nonlinear dynamics: the concentrations of IL-4 and MDC increased significantly from the F0 stage to the F2-3 stage, and then decreased to the F4 stage; the level of IL-18 showed a significant decrease by stage F2-3 relative to F0, then being significantly increased by stage F4. The level of TNFáwas increased at all stages of liver fibrosis and reached its maximum values at stage F2-3 of AF.
Our data confirm the significant role of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. The identified changes in circulating cytokines in the blood serum in children with CKD, depending on the stage of fibrosis, are characterized by differently directed disturbances thus presuming involvement of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in the immunopathological process in the course of liver fibrosis formation. Further research is required in order to study the participation of cytokines and chemokines in formation of liver fibrosis for development of targeted therapy for liver diseases.
Informative value of basophil activation test in the diagnosis of pediatric gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Burtsev D. V. , Danilova D. I. , Pavlova D. S.
Published: December 2024

Food allergies are one of the most common variants of allergic diseases in children. Nowadays it is necessary to apply the most sensitive, specific and standardized methods for the detection of allergensin theoretical allergology and clinical practice.For this purpose, the detection of specific immunoglobulins of class E (sIgE) in blood serum is most often used, however the basophil activation test (BAT) deserves close attention due to its functional methodology based on its maximum proximity to the pathogenetic mechanisms of immune reactions.In order to compare the results of detecting sensitization to food allergens in BAT and the method of detecting specific IgE 76 patients aged 1-16 years receiving outpatient treatment with a pediatrician or an allergist-immunologist for gastrointestinal pathology were examined. During the analysis two subgroups were identified: patients with a burdened allergic anamnesis (36 people) and patients without clear anamnestic data on the presence of food allergies (40 people). The activation of basophils to allergens to cow’s milk, egg, wheat and soybeans proteins was evaluated by flow cytometry using the Allergenicitykit test system (‘BeckmanCoulter’), specific IgE was evaluated by using the AllergoIFE-specific IgE kit (‘Alkor Bio’).The results showed that the most common significant allergen of food allergy in the general group was cow’s milk proteins, at the same time the number of positive BAT results exceeded the number of cases of allergy detection by the method of determining specific IgE. Specific IgE (f2) was detected in 7 people, sIgE (f77) was detected in 3 patients, and sIgE (f78) – in 5 children in the subgroup of patients with suspected allergy to cow’s milk proteins. Using BAT obtained a positive result in 26, 21 and 13 cases, respectively. In a subgroup of children with gastrointestinal pathology without clear anamnestic data on food sensitization specific IgE(f2) was positive in 1 patient, sIgE (f77) – in 1 person, sIgE (f78) was detected in 4 children. BAT-positive result was obtained in 25, 24, 11 cases, respectively.The results demonstrate the advantage of BAT in comparison with sIgE detection. The inclusion of BAT in the examination plan for children with incomplete effectiveness of standard treatment of gastrointestinal diseases will increase the detection of allergopathologies.
Suitability of a new diet-induced model of metabolic syndrome for immunophysiological studies in rats
Authors: Mukhlynina E. A. , Sozykin K. O. , Gette I. F.
Published: December 2024

Studying the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and its complications as well as contribution of immune cells to these processes is impossible without relevant laboratory animal models. The nutritional model based on the Western diet was proven to be applicable for these purposes. It correlates with the nutritional pattern of modern humans by reproducing obesity, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders, and low-intensity systemic inflammation. However, this diet involves the use of specialized commercial food, which is currently in limited access, thus requiring the development of a native diet based on the ratio of food ingredients proposed in well-known publications, with efficiency assessment of the selected model. Therefore, the purpose of present study was to evaluate the perspectives of a novel dietary modification based on a Western diet for modeling metabolic syndrome in Wistar rats. The diet of experimental group of rats included 30% standard food, 25% lard, 25% sucrose, 2% salt. The protein fraction in the diet was replenished by adding soy protein. The animals were fed a Western diet for 18 weeks, starting at 8 weeks of age. The examination of animals was based on biometric parameters, general blood counts, biochemical analysis of blood plasma, and histochemical staining of liver sections for lipids. Results: It was found that, starting from 6 weeks, the rats from experimental group significantly exceeded the control ones in the body mass. After 18 weeks, they showed a significant increase in body weight, waist circumference, visceral fat mass compared to the controls, fasting hyperglycemia (with unchanged levels of glycated hemoglobin), along with signs of dyslipidemia (increased levels of triglycerides, LDL and VLDL cholesterol, atherogenic quotient), and increased insulin resistance index HOMA-IR. We could not, however, reproduce the development of fatty hepatosis in experimental rats, which should be considered a limiting factor of the proposed model. The nutritional model of metabolic syndrome based on the Western diet closely resembles the nutritional habits of modern humans. The proposed diet and the exposure time allowed us to achieve the development of the main signs (obesity) and several additional criteria of metabolic syndrome (hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia) in the rat model. Thus, the chosen experimental model may be successfully used to study the immunophysiological aspects of metabolic syndrome. However, the absence of fatty liver disease in experimental animals should be taken into account.
Influence of graphene oxide nanoparticles on functional activity of Jurkat cell line
Authors: Usanina D. I. , Bochkova M. S. , Timganova V. P. , Zamorina S. A.
Published: December 2024

Graphene oxide offers properties that make it a promising material for numerous biomedical applications, including various cancer treatment methods. Nanomaterials may overcome certain limitations of conventional chemotherapy. In cancer research, cell lines like Jurkat (T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells) serve as models for investigating tumor treatment strategies. Previous studies have explored the effect of pegylated graphene oxide nanoparticles on some parameters of Jurkat cells, such as metabolism and apoptosis. This study aims to investigate how pegylated graphene oxide nanoparticles, varying in size, surface functionalization, and concentration, influence the functional activity of Jurkat cells, including cell viability, IL-2 production, and CD69 expression, both spontaneously, and following external activation.
Jurkat cells were cultured with different types of graphene oxide nanoparticles (100-200 nm and 1-5 ìm; functionalized with linear and branched polyethylene glycol (PEG)) at concentrations of 5 ìg/ mL and 25 ìg/ mL for 24 hours. For assessment of cell parameters under stimulation with different types of particles, phytohemagglutinin (PHA, 50 ìg/mL) was used. Subsequently, the cells were stained with Zombie Aqua and CD69-APC antibody, followed by flow cytometry analysis (CytoFlex S) to determine the percentage of viable cells and CD69-expressing cells. The presence of IL-2 in cell culture supernatants was quantified using ELISA tests.
It was observed that nanoparticles at low concentrations did not induce cytotoxic effects; cell viability improved after PHA stimulation. Small particles (100-200 nm) coated with linear PEG induced IL-2 production and CD69 expression. However, 1-5 ìm graphene oxide modified with branched PEG at a concentration of 25 ìg/mL led to a decrease in CD69 expression following PHA-stimulation.
It was shown for the first time that pegylated graphene oxide nanoparticles affect the functional activity of Jurkat cells. The influence of particles is dependent on the size, concentration, surface functionalization of graphene oxide, and activation by PHA.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of full-term newborns from mothers with COVID-19 during pregnancy
Authors: Chistyakova G. N. , Bychkova S. V. , Remizova I. I. , Yagubova G. K.
Published: December 2024

The long-term consequences of COVID-19 still remain among priority issues. Special attention should be paid to the state of health of newborns whose mothers suffered a coronavirus infection during pregnancy. The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical and immunological parameters in full-term newborns from mothers who underwent COVID-19 during pregnancy.
We have performed a prospective cohort comparative study. A group of full-term newborns from mothers who had mild or moderate COVID-19 at different stages of pregnancy (n = 134) was compared with a group of newborns from mothers who were not exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection during their pregnancy (n = 84). Individual health indices and immunological characteristics were also evaluated at the age of 3 months of infants’ life. For statistical analysis, the Microsoft Excel computer software package (2010), SPSS Statistics version 22.0 (IBM Microsoft, USA) was used. Statistical hypotheses about the absence of intergroup differences in quantitative characteristics were tested using the Mann–Whitney U criterion, the Student’s criterion, and binary characteristics were assessed with Chi-square test (÷2). Qualitative data are presented as an absolute value (n) and percentages. The results were considered reliable at a significance level of p0.05.
It was found that, in the neonatal period, there were no statistically significant differences in gender characteristics, anthropometric characteristics and Apgar scores between the groups. There were no differences in the incidence rate in the neonatal period. At the age of 3 months of life, there was a higher incidence of somatic and neurological morbidity in children whose mothers had suffered a new coronavirus infection during pregnancy (OR = 3.78 (1.5; 9.51); p0.001). It was found that the levels of hematocrit (p = 0.001), lymphocytes (p0.001), platelets (p0.001) were statistically significantly lower in newborns in group I. When analyzing the levels of umbilical cord blood cytokines in the two groups, it was found that the levels of TNF, IL-6, VEGF-A, IL-10, IL-1á, IL-1â, IL-8 (p ≤ 0.001) were higher in group I compared with group II. The levels of cytokines in their mothers showed a positive correlation with appropriate indexes in umbilical cord blood. Strong positive associations were found in the mother-child pairs on the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, in terms of TNFá, IL-1â, moderate positive correlations were revealed for IL-8, IL-10. Hence, despite the absence of clinical manifestations of infectious process and other disorders of early neonatal adaptation, the laboratory changes in general blood counts and active expression of proinflammatory cytokines in newborns whose mothers suffered COVID-19 during pregnancy may suggest the presence of a fetal systemic inflammatory response. An increased morbidity at the age of 3 months may be the result of low-level inflammation.
Asymptotic stability analysis of a fractional epidemic model for Ebola virus disease in Caputo sense
Authors: Olaniyi Samson , Chuma Furaha M. , Abimbade Sulaimon F.
Published: December 2024

In this work, a non-integer-order epidemic system modelling the nonlinear dynamics of Ebola virus disease is formulated in the sense of Caputo-ractional derivative. The existence and uniqueness of solution of the model is established. More importantly, the theoretical analysis carried out is aimed at establishing the local and global asymptotic stability properties of the disease-free steady state of the epidemic model using the fractional Routh-Hurwitz criterion and Lyapunov functional technique, respectively. It is proved that the steady state is locally and globally asymptotically stable at the value of the key epidemiological threshold quantity lower than unity. The result is numerically validated for different values of fractional order to show the asymptotic behavior of the disease dynamics. This result is significant for fighting and preventing Ebola epidemic in the population, since the Caputo derivative operator allows for effective description of the disease dynamics with memory, where the future evolution of the disease is governed by its prior history.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ РИТОРИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ДОШКІЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Tarasova Vitalya
Published: December 2024

У статті розкривається вплив теоретично обґрунтованої та експериментально перевіреної технології формування риторичної культури в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців спеціальних дошкільних закладів освіти на рівні сформованості риторичної культури майбутніх фахівців-дошкільників спеціальних закладів освіти. Зазначається, що основну мету спеціальних освітніх установ – адаптувати дітей із особливостями у розвитку до життя у суспільстві в змозі реалізувати фахівець спеціального дошкільного закладу освіти високого рівня професіоналізму, важливим складником якого є риторична культура, Наголошується, що, незважаючи на інтерес дослідників до окресленої проблеми, окремі її аспекти залишаються маловивченими й досить актуальними, зокрема питання специфіки риторичної компетентності майбутніх фахівців дошкільної освіти. У статті висвітлюється технологія формування риторичної культури фахівців дошкільної галузі, яка ґрунтується на компетентнісному, особистісно-діяльнісному й герменевтичному підходах і передбачає реалізацію трьох взаємопов'язаних етапів: організаційного (забезпечення усвідомлення майбутніми вихователями ролі риторичної культури для власного професійного становлення та важливість її формування в дошкільників); змістово-процесуального (оволодіння студентами знаннями, навичками, уміннями, необхідними для формування високого рівня риторичної культури); корекційного (корекція змісту, методів підготовки, форм роботи, спрямованих на свідоме формування риторичної культури).
Una conversación infinita: Filosofía y teoría literaria
Authors: Puppo María Lucía
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo examina las intervenciones de la filosofía en los programas de Teoría de la Comunicación y Teoría y Análisis del Discurso Literario, dos asignaturas pertenecientes a la carrera de Letras (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UCA). Concretamente, se pasa revista a tres núcleos temáticos (la construcción discursiva de la otredad, la hermenéutica y la deconstrucción como prácticas de lectura y la delimitación de las fronteras entre ficción y realidad) que surgen en los estudios literarios y exigen respuestas filosóficas, instaurando un ida y vuelta entre ambas disciplinas. Para terminar, se postula la estrecha relación entre la poesía y la filosofía desarrollada por autores como Derrida, Agamben y Lacoue-Labarthe en el cambio del siglo XX al XXI.
Resistir la cicuta. La filosofía en las democracias contemporáneas
Authors: Belgrano Mateo
Published: December 2024

La cicuta ha ganado su fama por ser la verduga del legendario Sócrates, cuya muerte fue un símbolo de la importancia y, al mismo tiempo, de la peligrosidad de la filosofía en una polis. Hoy, en un mundo gobernado por una lógica utilitarista y productivista, la cicuta se ha vuelto más sutil y menos teatral, aunque no menos mortífera. En los Estados contemporáneos, la filosofía y las humanidades son tildadas de “inútiles”, frente a otros campos de saber capaces de proveer resultados tangibles y comercializables. Por estas razones las humanidades vienen sufriendo recortes y desfinanciamientos en distintas partes del mundo. Pero, ¿es la filosofía tan inútil como los mismos filósofos suelen repetir? ¿No estamos, al reiterar este clásico mantra, cavando nuestra propia tumba? Mi tesis es que la inutilidad de la filosofía es inútil. La inutilidad no es más que un refugio, un disfraz. Tal como lo denunció Nietzsche, la filosofía por siglos se vistió de inútil y de asceta, indiferente a lo mundano, para legitimar su propio quehacer. Paradójicamente, su disfraz hoy logra el efecto contrario: el atuendo que antaño generaba el respeto y el miedo ante los otros hoy es la razón por la cual la marcan como algo desechable.
Las humanidades en función social
Authors: Raffo Quintana Federico
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo se lleva a cabo una reflexión en torno de las humanidades. Entre otras cosas, se considera la situación en la que se encuentran actualmente y la necesidad de repensar su rol social, así como también se plantean algunos desafíos a futuro. Se aborda el impacto que tienen las condiciones de trabajo de los humanistas tanto en los resultados obtenidos como también en la determinación de su función en relación con la sociedad. Se analiza, finalmente, la necesidad de restablecer algunas de las características básicas de las humanidades, tales como la actitud crítica de desafiar el status quo.
IMPLEMENTASI CHANGE DETECTION UNTUK EFISIENSI PENGIRIMAN PAKET DATA PADA IOT MASTER-SLAVE DI GREENHOUSE
Authors: Ristian Uray , Hasfani Hirzen , Kesuma Wijaya Uray Syaziman
Published: December 2024

Greenhouse adalah bangunan yang secara khusus dirancang untuk melindungi tanaman dari kondisi lingkungan eksternal yang tidak menguntungkan, serta mengatur lingkungan internal guna menciptakan kondisi ideal yang mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman secara optimal. Namun, sistem monitoring konvensional di Greenhouse mengalami masalah tingginya penggunaan kuota internet dan packet loss akibat ketergantungan pada WiFi access point (AP). Dalam penelitian ini, dikembangkan sebuah sistem monitoring tanaman di Greenhouse menggunakan arsitektur master-slave menggunakan protokol ESP-NOW untuk mengatasi masalah packet loss. Selain itu, algoritma change detection diterapkan pada node master guna mengurangi pengiriman data yang redundan serta memperkecil ukuran paket data yang dikirimkan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat packet loss mencapai 1,43% dari total 222.793 pengiriman data selama tiga hari, yang termasuk dalam kategori "sangat bagus" menurut standar TIPHON. Algoritma change detection juga berhasil mengurangi estimasi penggunaan kuota internet bulanan hingga 82,4 MB. Sistem yang dikembangkan ini terbukti efektif dan efisien dalam memantau kondisi lingkungan tanaman dengan tingkat keandalan yang tinggi, sekaligus mampu menghemat penggunaan kuota internet.
SISTEM PREDIKSI TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH TOMAT MENGGUANAKAN ARSITEKTUR VGG16
Authors: Fauzi Rayhan Dzikri , Fachrie Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sistem prediksi kematangan buah tomat menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Sistem ini dirancang untuk menggantikan penilaian manual yang sering kali kurang efisien dan akurat akibat subjektivitas manusia. Data penelitian berupa gambar buah tomat yang diperoleh dari platform Kaggle, dengan kategori matang, mentah, dan setengah matang. Dua model CNN, yaitu Simple CNN dan VGG16, diterapkan untuk melakukan klasifikasi. Setelah melalui proses pra-pemrosesan dan augmentasi data, kedua model dibor dan diuji. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model VGG16 memberikan kinerja terbaik dengan akurasi 97,17% pada data latih dan 95,56% pada validasi data. Kesimpulannya, model VGG16 lebih unggul dalam prediksi kematangan buah tomat dan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi serta akurasi penilaian kematangan buah di industri pertanian.
PENERAPAN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN PADI DARI CITRA DAUN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL RESNET-101
Authors: Pramono Muhammad Sidiq , Wibowo Aditya Permana
Published: December 2024

AbstrakPenyakit pada tanaman padi merupakan salah satu faktor utama yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas dan kualitas hasil panen. Jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat, hal ini dapat menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi bagi para petani. Deteksi dini penyakit padi sangat penting, namun identifikasi manual oleh para ahli seringkali memakan waktu dan rentan terhadap kesalahan manusia. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian ini mengusulkan penerapan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) dengan arsitektur ResNet-101 untuk mengklasifikasikan penyakit pada tanaman padi berdasarkan citra daun secara otomatis. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan data citra daun padi, preprocessing data, pembagian dataset, pelatihan model CNN, evaluasi model, serta implementasi model ke dalam sistem berbasis web. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa model CNN ResNet-101 yang dibangun mampu mencapai akurasi 76.05% dalam mengklasifikasikan 4 kondisi daun padi (sehat, bercak coklat, blast daun, hispa) pada data validasi. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat membantu petani dalam mendeteksi penyakit tanaman padi secara dini dan akurat, sehingga tindakan pencegahan dan penanganan dapat dilakukan dengan tepat waktu.Kata Kunci: Penyakit tanaman padi, Convolutional Neural Network, ResNet-101, Klasifikasi citra, Deteksi Dini.AbstractRice plant diseases are one of the main factors that can reduce productivity and harvest quality. If not handled properly, this can cause economic losses for farmers. Early detection of rice diseases is crucial, however manual identification by experts is often time-consuming and prone to human error. To address this issue, this research proposes the implementation of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with ResNet-101 architecture to automatically classify rice plant diseases based on leaf images. The steps involved include collecting rice leaf image data, data preprocessing, dataset splitting, CNN model training, model evaluation, and model implementation into a web-based system. The research results show that the developed CNN ResNet-101 model achieved 76.05% accuracy in classifying 4 rice leaf conditions (healthy, brown spot, leaf blast, hispa) on validation data. This system is expected to help farmers detect rice plant diseases early and accurately, so that preventive measures and treatments can be carried out in a timely manner.Keywords: Rice plant diseases, Convolutional Neural Network, ResNet-101, Image classification, Early Detection.
PENERIMAAN PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING PADA PONDOK PESANTREN TRADISIONAL UNTUK MENUJU SMART EDUCATION DI ACEH
Authors: Musfikar Rahmat , Muksalmina Reza , Alfaiz Maulana
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi menjadikan Pondok Pesantren memanfaatkannya untuk media pembelajaran misalnya dengan menggunakan website, menggiatkan dakwah melalui media sosial dan pembelajaran dengan model daring. Era society 5.0 merupakan sebuah konsep masyarakat yang berpusat pada manusia dan berbasis teknologi. Selain tuntutan kemampuan menguasai teknologi, era society 5.0 juga membutuhkan kemampuan humanities. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam bidang Pendidikan merupakan salah satu langkah awal menuju kepda Smart Education. Penerapan pembelajaran blended learning untuk menjadi smart education belum semua lembaga Pendidikan siap dan dapat menerimanya. Pada penelitian sebelumnya banyak dilakukan tentang pembelajaran blended learning pada lembaga Pendidikan formal. belum ada penelitian khusus yang membahas tentang model blended learning pada pesantren tradisional. Oleh karena itu, Penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana penerimaan pondok pesantren dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran blended learning untuk menuju ke smart education ke depan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian adalah responden yang berasal dari terdiri dari dua pesantren tradisional yang ada di aceh. Dari tujuh hipotesis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teori Technology Acceptance Model yaitu empat hipotesis di terima dan tiga hipotesis di tolak. Keempat hipotesis yang diterima adalah yang berhubungan dengan penerimaan dan kemanfaatan dalam menerapkan pembelajaran blended learning. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpul bahwa penerimaan model pembelajaran blended learning dapat diterima di pesantren tradisional di Aceh, tetapi dalam menerapkan nya pesatren tadsional di Aceh belum siap dikarena ada beberapa kendala yang di hadapi
PENGEMBANGAN WEBSITE SEBAGAI INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI UNTUK TRANSFORMASI PENDIDIKAN DALAM OPERASIONAL PERPUSTAKAAN
Authors: Satria Andy , Salamah Salamah
Published: December 2024

Penggunaan teknologi sistem informasi memudahkan manusia dalam memperoleh, mengelola, dan menyimpan data serta informasi secara lebih efisien. Perpustakaan di SMA Swasta Dharmawangsa, yang berlokasi di Jl. KL. Yos Sudarso No.224 Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara, masih menggunakan proses manual dalam pencatatan data buku dan pembuatan laporan. Proses manual tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan kesalahan pencatatan, laporan yang tidak akurat, dan membutuhkan waktu yang lebih dalam pencarian data yang dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi perpustakaan berbasis website guna mempermudah pengelolaan data di perpustakaan sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi. Sementara itu, metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan Waterfall, yang mencakup tahapan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, implementasi, integrasi, pengujian, dan evaluasi hasil. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu mengoptimalkan pengelolaan data perpustakaan secara lebih efisien dan akurat, serta mempercepat proses pencarian informasi di lingkungan sekolah.
CONCEPTUAL CENTERS OF METAPHORICS OF MONTENEGRIN POETRY
Authors:   Інститут української мови НАН України, БИБИК Світлана
Published: December 2024

The article proposes an analysis of metaphorical structures that create conceptual associative and figurative centers in the texts of Montenegrin poets translated into Ukrainian. The conceptual centers of metaphors „Person and Nation“, „Person and the Universe“, „Person and the Microcosm of its Soul“, „Philosophy of Worldview“ are singled out and characterized. The stylistic functions of anthropomorphic (including sociomorphic), natural morphological, artifact metaphors are traced. The expressiveness of sociomorphic metaphors related to the religious and mythological perception of the world has been noted. The lexico-grammatical features of metaphor were noted: the acti-vity of genitive, verb, adjective metaphorical structures, as well as the predominance of complicated metaphorical complexes over two-three-membered metaphorical compounds. The role of comparative inversions, metaphorical identifications of tokens semantics compared in microcontexts were traced. Special attention was paid to the role of word-symbols in the creation of associative-semantic duality of verbal images.
The research notes the linguo-cultural significance of the Ukrainian translation in Montenegrin poetic works, as the material reveals the relation-ship of „universal and national“, „own and foreign“, „common and different“ in verbal pictures of natural landscape, philosophical understanding of life. Asnonoriginal works were analyzed, but their translations, the attention to the national-cultural component in the associative-figurative structure of the metaphor of Montenegrin poetry was taken into account. The language of Montenegrin poetry reflects the peculiarities of the history, mentality, character of the nations of Montenegro, who had to defend their statehood and independence in difficult conditions.
The analysis emphasizes the differentiation of traditional metaphorical structures, which are inherent in the language of Ukrainian poetry. Occasionally, individual-author metaphorical models and originality of the metaphorical language of thinking of Montenegrin poets were also noted.
CHILDREN’S LITERATURE BY SLOBODAN ZORAN OBRADOVIĆ
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost – Cetinje, NIKOLIĆ Andrijana
Published: December 2024

This paper brings an overview of literary works for children by the Montenegrin writer Slobodan Zoran Obradović, contributing to the corpus of Montenegrin children’s literature. No literary creation for adults is subjected to the same filtration as the works intended for children. Children’s literature carries the soul of a child and in order for someone to write professionally for children they must have an inner child from whose perspective they will tirelessly create, with the premise that children’s literature must have its intelligibility, receptivity and commitment, because in addition to being the most sophisticated critics, children are the most loyal readership.
KENNETH MORRISON ‒ NATIONALISM, IDENTITY AND STATEHOOD IN POST-YUGOSLAV MONTENEGRO (London & New York, NY, Bloomsbury Academic, 2018)
Authors: BAROVIĆ Alek
Published: December 2024

Morisonova knjiga veoma je značajan doprinos proučavanju crnogorske savremene istorije i politike. Njen značaj posebno se ogleda u tome što prati proces obnove crnogorske nezavisnosti od ranih devedestih godina. Morison naglašava bitnost crnogorskih simbola i pogotovo crnogorskoga jezika za razvoj i očuvanje crnogorskoga identiteta.
THE JEWS IN MONTENEGRO IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD (1918–1941)
Authors:   Institut za istoriju Češke akademije nauka Historický ústav Akademie věd ČR, Prag, ŠÍSTEK František
Published: December 2024

The main aim of this paper is to provide the first overview of Jewish presence in Montenegro in the interwar period (1918–1941). According to official statistics, there were 35 (1921) – 56 (1931) Jews living on the territory of present-day Montenegro, then part of royal Yugoslavia. Most Jews came during the observed period from other parts of Yugoslavia, usually for professional reasons. In the Bay of Kotor on the Adriatic coast, we also find descendants of Jewish families who settled in the area in the 19th century under the Habsburg empire. Apart from a comparative analysis of available demo-graphic data, the article also focuses on the question of religious jurisdiction over the territorially dispersed Jews of Montenegro, who were considered as members of the Dubrovnik Jewish community. In the final section, the paper discusses the professional and life trajectories of several Jewish men and wo-men who lived in Montenegro in the interwar period and left some traces in historical sources.
FOLK AND ETHNOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN THE COLLECTION TALE OF TALES OR ENTERTAINMENT FOR LITTLE ONES BY GIAMBATTISTA BASILE
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Splitu, MARIĆ Antonela , DRAGIĆ Marko , PLAVŠA Ana
Published: December 2024

This paper aims at researching folk and ethnological elements that were identified within the short story collection, dated in the 17th century and entitled „Tale of Tales or Entertainment for Little Ones“, written by a Neapolitan Baroque writer Giambattista Basile. Folklore and ethnological elements represent the voice of the nation that passed from one generation to another traditional habits and wisdom, thus preserving the traditional culture. Besides this, the paper questions the role of the humoristic elements identified within the analysed short stories, as well as fantasy and didactic elements, questioning the role and the behavior of fantastic characters such as fairies and ogres through the opposition be-tween good and evil. In addition, also the anthropological component, which is widespread throughout the entire Lo Cunto de li Cunti or Pentamerone, is analysed. The collection includes numerous elements of the Baroque culture and art together with the elements from the oral tradition that survived, as well as the forgotten traditions and habits together with a vast span of local games and pastimes. Neapolitan dialect, in which the masterpiece was written, reveals the richness of the language that is no longer used nowadays, but will be preserved forever owing to Basile’s collection. Lo Cunto de li Cunti is an important literary work because it represents a linguistic, traditional and cultural-anthropological heritage, not only for Italy where it stems from, but for the entire Mediterranean area. Of great interest is the analysis of the elements that can be identified also in Croatian traditional culture and costumes, especially in Dalmatia and hinterland; mostly in forms of traditional dances, games and proverbs that kept living through.