bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkçe Sözlük’te İngilizceden alıntı sözlükbirimlerin tanım görünümleri
Authors: KUMANLI Mustafa Samet
Published: September 2021

Türkçe, konuşur sayısı fazla olan dillerdendir. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde kendine özgü dilbilgisi ve söz varlığı özelliklerini beraberinde getirmiştir. Dillerin en büyük özelliklerinden biri de kültürel etkileşim sonucunda farklı yollarla birbirlerinden sözcük ödünçlemeleridir. Türkçe de doğal olarak, tarih boyunca etkileşimde bulunduğu dillerle sözcük alışverişinde bulunmuştur. Kültürel etkileşimin boyutları zamana ve mekâna göre değişiklik gösterdiği için kültürel etkileşimde bulunulan diller de zamanla değişmiştir. Örneğin Eski Türkçe döneminde çoğu kez Moğolca ve Çinceden ödünçlemeler yapılıyorken İslam dininin kabulü ile birlikte Arapça ve Farsçadan birçok sözcük ödünçlemesi yapılmıştır. Arapça ve Farsça ödünçlemeler Osmanlı Türkçesi döneminde yoğunluğunu artırmıştır. Osmanlı Türkçesinin son dönemlerinden itibaren ise kültürel, siyasal ve teknolojik gelişmeler ile Batı toplumuyla kurulan ilişkilerin artması dolayısıyla özellikle Fransızcadan birçok sözcük ödünçlenmiştir. Cumhuriyet dönemi ile birlikte Fransızca sözcüklerin yanında diğer Batı dillerinden özellikle de İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından İngilizceden ödünçlenen sözcüklerin sayısında artış görülmüştür. Söz konusu sözcüklerin kullanım sıklığının artması ile birlikte bu sözcüklere sözlüklerde yer verilme gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Türkiye Türkçesinin genel sözlüklerinden biri olan TDK Türkçe Sözlük (TS) çok sayıda alıntı sözlükbirime sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, TS’de yer alan İngilizceden ödünçlenmiş sözlükbirimlerin tanımlanması üzerinde durularak, TS’deki tanım görünümlerini irdelenecektir. Çalışmada, Türk sözlükbiliminde sorunlu noktalardan olan tanımlama ve alıntı sözlükbirimlerin tanımlanması konularına TS, WORDNET ve Merriam Webster Sözlüğündeki tanımların karşılaştırılması ile yaklaşılmış ve belirlenen sorunlara çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
Sanatkârların mizaç ve kişiliklerinin eserlerine yansıması üzerine bir çalışma
Authors: CALP Mehrali
Published: September 2021

Edebî eser ile okur, tarih ve toplum arasında ilişki kurulabileceği gibi sanat eseri ile sanatkârın mizacı arasında da ilişki kurulabilir. Edebî eserlerin, sanatkârlarının duygu ve düşüncelerini yansıttığını ileri süren eleştiri yöntemlerinin varlığı bu görüşü desteklemektedir. Bu görüşe göre, sanat, duyguların ifadesidir ve onu üreten yazarın kişiliğini yansıtır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sanat ile mizaç arasındaki ilişki bağlamında Türk edebiyatının ünlü şairlerinden Ahmet Haşim, Behçet Necatigil ve Necip Fazıl’ın birer şiirinden hareketle mizaç farklılaşmasını incelemek ve örneklendirmektir. Bu kapsamda, her biri kendine özgü sanat anlayışına sahip bu üç sanatkârın birer eseri ele alınmış ve bu eserlere yansıyan mizaçları okur bakış açısından yorumlanmıştır. Doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, her sanatkârın farklı bakış açısına sahip olduğu, eserlerini üretirken her birinin kendi mizaçlarının etkisinde kaldığı, eserlerinde görünen ve görünmeyen nesneleri farklı yansıttığı gözlenmiştir. Örneklem olarak alınan şiirlerde, Ahmet Hâşim’in biyolojik varlığı olan başıyla uyumsuzluğu ve buna bağlı olarak kendini horlayışı, Behçet Necatigil’in insanların nobran tutum ve davranışlarına, toplumdaki sosyo-ekonomik adaletsizliklere tepkili oluşu; Necip Fazıl’ın iç dünyasının dış dünyadaki kurulu düzenle uyuşmaması öne çıkan temlerdir. Sonuç olarak gerek mizaçlarının gerekse eserlerinin özgün olmasıyla Türk Edebiyatında seçkin bir yer elde etmiş bu sanatkârların ortak yönleri, içinde bulundukları dış dünyaya karşı, farklı ve özgün tepkide bulunmalarıdır. Her birinin dikkat çekici bir başka özelliği, poetik görüşleri ve sanatları üzerinde düşünen, entelektüel bir kimliğe sahip olmalarıdır.
Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk'te karşıtlık ilkesine dayalı atasözleri
Authors: TOKAY Yaşar
Published: September 2021

Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk, yazıldığı döneme ışık tutan bir eser olması yanında Türk kültürünün geçmişte barındırdığı kimi özellikler hakkında bilgi vermesi açısından da eşsiz bir kaynaktır. Türk düşünce tarzının geçmişiyle ilgili bilgiler veren atasözleri, aynı zamanda geleceğin şekillenmesinde bir kültür aktarıcısı olarak önemli roller üstlenir. Türk dili tarihinde atasözleri söz konusu olduğunda akla gelen ilk kaynak eser, şüphesiz, Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk'tür. Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk, Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerindeki eserleri arasında üzerinde en çok çalışılmış eserlerin başında gelir. Eserin Türk dili ve edebiyatı, geniş manada, Türk kültürünün akla gelebilecek her alanıyla ilgili çeşitli bilgiler içermesi, yapılan çalışmaların ne kadar önemli olduğunu ortaya koyar. Son yıllarda modern dil bilimi teorileri ve anlayışları ışığında ortaya konan incelemelerde esere yeni bakış açıları kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, dil bilimsel veriler ışığından eserde geçen 49 atasözü karşıtlık ilkesi doğrultusunda ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Karşıtlık ilkesine bağlı olarak kurgulanan bu atasözleri Gerçekçi (Kurallı-canonical) ve Metaforik (Kuralsız-non-canonical) başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk'teki toplam atasözünün %18,7'si karşıtlık ilkesiyle bağlantılıdır, dolayısıyla eserdeki atasözlerinin yaklaşık beşte biri karşıtlık gösteren sözcük çiftleriyle oluşturulmuştur. Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk'te karşıtlık ilkesine bağlı şekilde kurgulanmış 49 atasözünden %25'i Gerçekçi (Kurallı), %75'i ise Metaforik (Kuralsız) kullanımlardan meydana gelmiştir. Bu oranlar, Dîvânu Lugâti't-Türk'teki atasözlerinin metaforik anlatımının ağır bastığını ve derin anlamlar içerdiğini ispat etmektedir.
Namık Kemal’in Cezmi adlı romanında etik ve estetik
Authors: SAVAŞ Özden
Published: September 2021

Namık Kemal, yaşadığı döneme göre yeni sayılabilecek kavramları hayata geçirmeye çalışan bir Tanzimat aydınıdır. Gazeteciliğinin yanı sıra şiir, roman, tiyatro gibi edebiyatın çeşitli türlerinde eserler veren yazar, inandığı değerleri sanat yoluyla okurlarına aktarmıştır. Tanzimat Dönemi Türk edebiyatının tarihî romanı olarak kabul edilen Cezmi, Namık Kemal tarafından yazılmış ve 1880 yılında basılmıştır. Esere adını veren Cezmi ile birlikte tarihî isimlerin geçtiği romanda kahramanlık, esaret, aşk, hile, hırs, şehvet gibi insana ait birçok konunun ele alındığı görülmektedir. Bu nedenle Cezmi romanında hem etik hem de estetik dikkat çekici bir biçimde yer almıştır. Etik ve estetik, felsefenin temel alanlarındandır. Genellikle ahlak felsefesinin içinde açıklanmaya çalışılan etik, en temel şekliyle “İyi nedir?” sorusuyla değerlendirilmiştir. Estetik, sanatın olduğu her yerde karşılığını bulan, gündelik hayatın içinde de sıklıkla kullanılan, bir davranış biçimi olarak bile yorumlanabilen bir terimdir. Etik, Namık Kemal’in edebiyatın işlevi noktasındaki fikirleri açısından Cezmi’de önemli bir unsurdur. Estetik ise bir sanat eserinin en temel özelliğidir. Bu bakımdan, romanın başlı başına bir sanat eseri olmasının yanı sıra yazarın, birçok farklı sanat dallarından faydalanarak estetiği ayrıca ön plana çıkardığı görülmektedir. Cezmi birtakım değer ve kavramların ortaya çıktığı, sanatsal bağlamda birçok yeniliğin de gerçekleştirilmeye çalışıldığı bir dönemde bu özellikleriyle dikkat çekici bir romandır.
Âsumân ile Zeycân hikâyesinin monomit kuramı bağlamında çözümlenmesi
Authors: TARHAN Esra
Published: September 2021

Mitoloji üzerine gerçekleştirdiği çalışmalarla dikkat çeken Amerikalı araştırmacı Joseph Campbell, Kahramanın Sonsuz Yolculuğu adını taşıyan çalışmasını 1948 yılında yayımlamıştır. Bu çalışmayı hazırlamak için pek çok farklı anlatı türü örneklerini inceleyerek bu türlerin benzer yönlerini ortaya koymuştur. Carl G. Jung’un takipçisi olan Campbell Kahramanın Sonsuz Yolculuğu adını taşıyan çalışmasında, “kahraman” arketipini çözümlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Farklı kültür ve coğrafyalara ait anlatı metinlerinin aslında benzer özelliklere sahip olduğunu “kahraman” arketipi üzerinden anlatmıştır. Bu makalede, Joseph Campbell’in Kahraman’ın Sonsuz Yolculuğu adlı çalışmasındaki monomit kuramından yola çıkılarak kahramanın yani Âsumân’ın “yola çıkış” ve “erginlenme” süreci değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan incelemede, Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Doğan Kaya ve M. Sabri Koz tarafından yayıma hazırlanan Halk Hikayeleri I adlı çalışma esas alınmıştır. Kitapta yer alan “Hikâyet-i Âsumân ile Zeycân” adını taşıyan halk hikâyesi metni değerlendirilmiştir.
Seçili metinler bağlamında 15. yüzyıl tekke şiirinden örnek tasavvufî deyimler ile Allah, dünya, mürşit, derviş, ilahi aşk, masiva, tekke ve nefis kavramlarını ifade eden kelime ve kelime grupları
Authors: KARASU Büşra
Published: September 2021

Türk kültürüne Arap ve Fars medeniyetlerinin tesiriyle girmiş olan tasavvuf, hemen hemen her alanda olduğu gibi edebiyatta da etkili olmuştur. Asırlar boyu kaleme alınan eserlerin büyük çoğunluğu kimi doğrudan kimi de dolaylı olmak üzere tasavvufî düşüncenin tesiri altında kalmıştır. Türkler arasında tasavvufî düşüncesinin gelişiminde tarih boyunca birçok önemli isim etkili olmuştur. Pîr-i Türkistan namıyla anılıp Yeseviyye tarikatının kurucusu olan Hoca Ahmed Yesevî bunlar arasındaki öncü şahsiyetlerdendir. Orta Asya’da tasavvufun teşekkülünde önemli bir rol üstlenen Ahmed Yesevî, birçok derviş yetiştirmiştir. Bu dervişler Anadolu’ya gelerek burada tasavvufun tekkeler vasıtasıyla yayılmasını sağlamışlardır. Dervişlerin hoşgörü, müsamaha, barış ve esenlik gibi kimi kavramları içeren söylemleri Türk halkına can suyu olmuştur. Böylelikle Yesevi dervişleri ve sonrasında Mevlana gibi farklı coğrafyalardan gelip Anadolu’da tasavvufî düşüncenin etkili olmasını sağlayan isimlerle birlikte Türk halkının tasavvufa teveccühü artmıştır. Sonrasında da bu düşünce sistemi, asırlar boyu Anadolu halkının dimağında yer edinmiştir. 15. yüzyıl da tasavvufun etkin olduğu dönemlerdendir. Bu yüzyılda çok sayıda eser kaleme alınmıştır. Bunlar arasında tasavvufî nitelikli olanlar da önemli bir yekûn tutmaktadır. Çalışmamızda öncelikle genel manada tasavvuftan, 15. yüzyıl Tekke şiiri ve kavramlar ile deyimlerin kullanılışından bahsedilecektir. Ardından bu dönemde yazılmış eserler arasından seçmiş olduğumuz Kemâl Ümmî, Eşrefoğlu Rûmî, Kaygusuz Abdâl ve Dede Ömer Rûşenî divanları ile Süleyman Çelebi’nin Vesiletü’n-necât (Mevlid)ı, Elvân-ı Şirâzî’nin Gülşen-i Râz Tercümesi, Hatiboğlu’nun Bahrü’l-Hakâyık’ı, Şeyh Eşref’in Nasîhat-nâme’si ve Gülşenî-i Saruhânî’nin Râz-nâme’si bağlamında bu dönem Tekke edebiyatında tasavvufî mana içeren deyimler ile Allah, dünya, mürşit, derviş, ilahi aşk, masiva, tekke ve nefis kavramlarını ifade eden kelime ve kelime grupları üzerinde durulacaktır.
Editorial: Articles, perspectives, and TPDP
Authors: Vilhuber Lars
Published: September 2021

The present issue provides a diverse selection of articles. We introduced a new typeof article, “Perspectives,” in the previous issue, and continue with two such articles in thecurrent issue, both drawn again from presentations made at the October 2020 CanadianResearch Data Centre Network (CRDCN) conference. We also have a new article on the topic of “Privacy Challenges,” as well as  the first of several journal versions of contributions to TPDP 2020. We open with a regular article on the topic of  "Differentiallyprivate false discovery rate control."
Standartlaştırılmış Yağış İndeksi Yöntemi Kullanılarak Salda Gölü Havzası Kuraklık Analizi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: EVCİ Anıl , ŞAHİN Candan
Published: September 2021

Kuraklık bir toplumun ekonomik yapısını, sosyokültürel özelliklerini ve ekolojik yapısını etkileyen önemli bir olaydır. Yaşanan kuraklıklar sonucunda; nehirlerin ve akarsu yataklarının kuruması veya akımlarının zarara uğraması, bitkiler üzerinde baskıların artması, tarımsal verimliliğin ve doğal yaşam aktivitelerinin azalması, göçlerin artması vb. tehlikeli durumlar kaçınılmazdır. Bu olumsuz etkileri kuraklığın belirli boyuttaki tahminleriyle en aza indirmek mümkündür. Kuraklığın alansal ve zamansal özellikleri ile şiddetini tanımlamak için kullanılan birçok yöntem bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerden en fazla tercih edileni “Standartlaştırılmış Yağış İndeksi (SYİ)” yöntemidir. Bu çalışmada, Standartlaştırılmış Yağış İndeksi yöntemi kullanılarak Salda Gölü Havzası için kuraklık analizi yapılmıştır. SYİ değerleri, 1-3-6-12-24 aylık zaman periyotlarında, Yeşilova meteoroloji istasyonu verilerine göre hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; alanda en şiddetli ve en uzun süreli kuraklıklar 1989-1995 yılları arasında gözlemlenmiştir. Son 10 yılda yaşanan kuraklıklar değerlendirildiğinde ise alanda her zaman normale yakın kuraklığın olabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Post-predicate that-clauses controlled by verbs in native and non-native academic writing: A corpus-based study
Authors: Tasci Samet , Öztürk Yusuf
Published: September 2021

Post-predicate that clauses are one of the indicators of evaluative language which shows the attitude, position, and personal evaluation of the writers in academic discourse. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the distribution and frequently used controlling verbs of post-predicate that clauses controlled by verb (VTHAT) in academic writings of Turkish learners of English and to compare them with those of native English students and expert writers. For this purpose, a specialized research corpus with three main sub-corpora was compiled: MA and PhD theses written by L2 students and native English students and published research articles written by native experienced writers. The results of the study showed that both L2 and native English students significantly overused VTHAT structures compared to the native experienced writers; however, Turkish students used VTHAT structures more frequently than their native peers in academic discourse. The analysis of the controlling verbs in VTHAT constructions showed that eight out of the 10 top frequent verbs in the Turkish students’ theses were common across either three or two sub-corpora. However, there were various significant differences in the frequencies of these controlling verbs between the sub-corpora, which can imply that Turkish students use such constructions to have a low authoritative presence in terms of their authorial stance in academic writing. The findings were discussed with reference to the previous findings, and pedagogical implications were offered.
Interpretations of spoken utterance fluency in simulated and face-to-face oral proficiency interviews
Authors: Quaid Ethan , Barrett Alex
Published: September 2021

Research examining test taker fluency in simulated and face-to-face oral proficiency interview performances has primarily focused on quantitative spoken utterance fluency data alone, with further qualitative investigation of test taker processing fluency’s effect being omitted. This study compared four test takers’ spoken utterance and processing fluencies in output retrieved from a computer-based Aptis General speaking test and a purposively developed identical face-to-face direct oral proficiency interview using a counterbalanced research design. Speed, composite, breakdown, and repair utterance fluency measures were analyzed from test performances using Praat speech analysis software and fully-coded transcribed spoken data, with processing fluency qualitative data retrieved through post-test stimulated recall verbal report interviews and questionnaires, and co-constructed, semi-structured interviews. Macro-level quantitative analysis results demonstrated that test takers’ spoken utterance fluency was broadly similar between delivery modes. The breakdown measures of filled and unfilled pauses were salient devices responsible for the minimal difference encountered between modes. The test takers’ qualitative data reflecting on their performances revealed aspects of processing fluency’s effect on test takers’ utterance fluency. In turn, processing fluency was influenced by both test takers’ cognitive and affective fluencies, through test taking strategy use, test taker characteristics, and the face validity of the test’s delivery mode.
Formulasi dan Tingkat Kesukaan terhadap Es Krim Keju dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Keju Lunak (Cream Cheese, Ricotta dan Camembert)
Authors: Khalish Layyinan Hafizha , Andarwulan Nuri , Koswara Sutrisno , Talitha Zada Agna
Published: September 2021

Ice cream is a low temperature food product that rarely uses cheese as alternative flavor variant. This research is aimed to obtain ice cream formula with the addition of soft cheeses (cream cheese, ricotta and camembert). The basic formulation trial used the mixture of sugar (10%, 13%), skim powder (9%, 10%), milk fat (12%, 14%), and cream cheese (10, 12, 14%). The second formula trial After that, the formula trial used cream cheese, ricotta and camembert cheese as much as 7, 9 and 11% respectively into the ice cream mixture. The most acceptable formula was based on hedonic ranking and hedonic rating analysis for sample meets the proximate composition. The most acceptable formulation was composed of 12% milk fat, 9% skim powder, and 10% sugar. The trial treatment by adding 10% and 12% cream cheese yielded 70-80% overrun and the melting time. The best ice cream cheese formulation was composed of cream cheese 9%, ricotta 9% and camembert 11%. There was a significant difference in term of taste, aroma, and texture of ice cream in exception of ice cream colour. Hedonic rating showed that 9% ice cream with cream cheese was the most acceptable in term of taste, aroma and colour. These three formulas met the minimum requirements for fat content and total sugar according to the quality standard of ice cream (SNI 01-3713-1995) but it did not meet the protein standard.
Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Correlates of Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) Screening and Diagnosis History: Sex/Gender Differences
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: September 2021

Background: While clinical studies have documented sex differences in emotional, behavioral, and cognitive function of children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), it is unknown if these sex differences are due to differences in referral and diagnosis or if they can be also seen when we screen a community sample for ADHD. If these sex differences exist in populations with a diagnosis history but cannot be seen in screening, then they are unfair, preventable, and due to gender (social processes in referral and diagnosis) rather than sex. Aim:Using the data from a community sample of 9-10-year-old healthy developing children, we explored sex differences in the associations between cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and health status with positive screening vs. history of diagnosed ADHD. Methods: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study included a national sample of 10,171 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old. This sample included 1,488 children with a history of psychiatric diagnosis and 8,683 children without a diagnosis. The two independent variables were screening and history of ADHD. The following variables were outcomes: symptom severity, cognitive function, body mass index (BMI), internalizing, externalizing, and total behavioral disorders. Sex was the moderator, and age, race, ethnicity, education, household income, and family structure were covariates. Mixed-effects regression models were used to adjust for the nested nature of the data. Results: Positive screening for ADHD and a history of diagnosis were both associated with worse cognitive function, higher internalizing, externalizing, total problem behaviors, higher inattention (ADHD symptoms), and lower BMI. Sex altered the association between history of diagnosis but not positive screening for ADHD with externalizing, and total behavioral problems as well as cognitive function. Sex did not affect the associations between positive screening for ADHD or a history of diagnosis with BMI or ADHD symptoms. Both history of diagnosis and positive screening for ADHD were associated with higher internalizing for boys than girls. Conclusion: History of diagnosis, but not positive screening for ADHD, is differently associated with behavioral and cognitive performance of males and females. As sex differences are seen in correlates of history of diagnosis but not positive screening, some of the observed sex differences are due to differential referral and diagnosis rather than differential presentation of ADHD in the community. This finding suggests that some of the so-called “sex differences” that are believed to be due to biology and heritable may be “gender differences” and modifiable. This is important because while gender differences are preventable and modifiable, sex differences are not.
CAPITAL RESERVE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC COMPANIES: ACCOUNTING TOOLS AS INFORMATION FUNCTION OF TARGET MECHANISM
Authors: Lemishovska Olesia , Yaremko Iryna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article is to present the financial and economic content and purpose of capital reserves, insurance funds to ensure future costs and payments as the main components of the reserve system of public companies. The methods of theoretical and comparative analysis allowed to expand the view of the objects of reservation in the global space by comparing the norms of international standardization of financial reporting and the mandatory requirements of individual states in the field of reservation. The research methodology covers the analysis of reserved sources for Ukrainian and global companies in the context of the large-scale socio-economic crisis caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a comparative assessment of the potential of reserve sources of surveyed companies, reservation in today’s crisis economy and in the foreseeable future is one of the most necessary and important means of ensuring the stable operation of socially significant companies. The study of regulatory norms of different states and principles and norms of standardization of public financial reporting led to the conclusion that for internal management purposes and market counterparties and public administration in the face of increasing unpredictability and depth of risk requires a more detailed and reliable information base on existing modern companies reserved funds to overcome the risks of loss (reduction) of capital. The practical consequences of weak imperatives on the obligation to create reservation facilities have been reflected in the allocation of subsidies from the state budgets of different countries to commercial structures in many areas of the economy. The existing issues actualize multi-vector developments in the system of interdisciplinary research, which substantiates the scientific legitimacy and relevance of our study. The results of analytical and logical approaches in assessing the state of backup support for Ukrainian and well-known international companies became the basis for obtaining evidence and arguments in formulating the parameters of adequate information for the current needs of targeted management of backup processes. The methods of verification of reserve system components proposed in this study can be used to establish general trends in the development of information parameters (accounting and public reporting system) in the field of reserve management and future losses (reduction) of capital of modern public companies.
FACTORS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE MARKETING ACTIVITY OF TOURIST ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Marta Barna , Melnyk Iryna , Baran Rostyslav
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of the article is to determine the main current trends and factors of digitalization of the tourism industry, which have a significant impact on the efficiency and increase the performance of economic entities in the tourism industry of Ukraine. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consisted of the publications of the economists, who analyzed the problems of formation and prospects for the development of Internet marketing. A monographic method was used to cover the scientists’ views on the research issue. Correlation and regression methods of analysis were tested in determining the factors of digitization. The article systematizes the dynamics of the development of the tourism industry and indicators of the economic activity of tourist enterprises in the global and national context. It is determined that due to the intensification of crises and quarantine measures caused by the spread of СOVID-19, the number and expenditures of tourists on entertainment, the income of tourist enterprises, the number of people employed in the tourism industry have significantly decreased. At the same time, the process of digitalization of the studied industry has accelerated in terms of the growth of investments aimed at the development of marketing startups of a digitalization nature. The evolution of marketing approaches to the digitalization of tourism industry enterprises is theoretically comprehended. The main stages include traditional individual tour operators, e-business, e-commerce, smart tourism. It is concluded that domestic enterprises of the tourism industry lag significantly behind similar business entities in terms of the process of digitalization of economic processes and marketing mix. The factors of digitalization of the marketing activity of tourist enterprises are generalized. The results of factor analysis on the importance of using elements of digitalization in the marketing activities of tourism enterprises of Ukraine are analyzed and visualized. It is determined that the most significant influence on the effectiveness of marketing activities using elements of digitalization in the tourism industry of Ukraine is exerted by such factors as: chatbots based on artificial intelligence, voice search and voice control, virtual reality, augmented reality, internet of things, robots, contactless payments, cyber-security measures, recognition technology, large data sets, artificial intelligence.
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC STABILITY OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY
Authors: Birbirenko Svitlana , Tolkachova Galina
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has ultimately changed the course of global economic functions, including the Ukrainian ones. The consequences caused by the pandemic significantly affected companies’ economic sustainability and reflected the urgent need to assess economic sustainability in order to determine its level and further develop theoretical and methodological aspects of Strategic Enterprise Management. This article is aimed at developing a scientific and methodological approach to comprehensively assess the economic stability of a telecommunications company that operates under modern market conditions. Methods. A study was conducted within the scope of existing techniques used to assess economic stability and, thus, the lack of generally accepted assessment methods was observed. A set of indicators to assess the economic stability of the telecommunications company was formed through financial analysis, taking into account the industry practices of communications service provider’s functioning. Comprehensive assessment of the economic stability of telecommunications companies was carried out using a statistical data analysis technique – regression analysis. 2016-2020 financial reports and statistical data provided by examined communications service providers from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the National Commission of Ukraine for the State Regulation of Communications and Informatization were used as outcoming data. Study results. As part of the study, the existing assessment methods were analyzed, which made it possible to organize, systematize, and identify their advantages and disadvantages. A set of indicators to assess economic stability of a telecommunications company was formed, indicating the selection criteria and identifying dependence on the presence of a communications service provider at a certain stage of its business development. A scientific and methodological approach to a comprehensive assessment of the economic stability of telecommunications companies taking into account their industry characteristics has been developed. Conclusions. The created scientific and methodological approach to assess economic stability of the telecommunications company comprehensively makes it possible to determine the level of economic stability depending on the stage of business development of a company. The assessment performed is a key factor that must be taken into account when developing strategic management of a company that operates in the context of market transformations.
RISKS IN THE INVESTING
Authors: Gutkevych Svitlana , Vikhliaiev Mykhailo
Published: September 2021

Risk is a possible danger of performance. It is necessary to choose and make a decision in production, economic activity, which is always burdened with risk. Therefore, the risk is a normal phenomenon, a consequence of the actions of a variety of reasons that give rise to its various species. Risk management involves optimal use of all possible or allowable means of avoidance, or reduce the risk degree associated with significant losses; risk control, optimization of risk or maximum possible decrease in volumes and probability of possible losses. Investment risk is the risk of an investment project, which is defined as the probability of obtaining a possible loss from its implementation. The investment risk of industries is characterized by the level of uncertainty in the forecast of profit from investments. The risk is possible only when the controlled economic system functions in conditions of uncertainty, and the person who makes the decision is interested in the final result.
Microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among patients with urinary tract infection in northern Tanzania
Authors: Halima Jasper Mbwambo  , Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo  , Frank Boniphas Bright  , Alfred Chacha Charles  , Kien Alfred Mteta  , Japer Said Mbwambo  , Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi
Published: September 2021

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection, it causes morbidity as well as financial burden. There is a role of empirical treatment of UTI while awaiting urine culture and sensitivity result. The type of empirical antibiotics given varies from place to place depending on susceptibility pattern of the particular area. According to Tanzania standard treatment guidelines and essential medicine list of 2013, cystitis in adult is treated by ciprofloxacin while pregnant women and children are treated by amoxicillin/clavulanate. In case of pyelonephritis, women of reproductive age who does not require referral are treated by ciprofloxacin while all other cases that fulfill criteria for referral are given single dose of ceftriaxone before referral. However, most studies have shown increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics as a result of misuse and overuse. The study aimed at describing the microbiological profile and susceptibility pattern among patients with UTI at KCMC. Methods: This was a seven-month hospital based descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted from June 2016 to December 2016 by using structured data extraction sheet. Data analysis was performed using SPSS after cleaning and checking for error(s). Results: A total of 270 samples that tested positive for UTI were analyzed. Majority 233(86.3%) of the sample were obtained from male subjects, age of study subjects ranged from 1-94 years with the median of 64 years. Majority 235 (87%) of the sample came from urology department with E. coli being most common cause of UTI (39.3%), followed by Klebsiella spp, 20%. E. coli demonstrated high sensitivity against amikacin, ceftazidime and Nitrofurantoin Conclusion: The commonest cause of UTI in our set up is E. coli that showed high resistance against most commonly used antibiotics in our setting.
O USO DA TECNOLOGIA DE IMPRESSÃO 3D NA EDUCAÇÃO: PRESSUPOSTOS CONCEITUAIS A PARTIR DA TEORIA DO DUPLO ASPECTO DE ANDREW FEENBERG
Authors: Calazans Alex , Martins Caio Alberto
Published: September 2021

Feenberg apresenta a teoria do duplo aspecto como uma forma de abordar a natureza de objetos técnicos. Isso, por sua vez, tem relação com sua concepção de que a tecnologia não é neutra e nem determinada. Para ele, tal teoria possui uma dupla dimensão, que envolve, além do conhecimento técnico, aspectos sociais de objetos técnicos. Assim, o uso da tecnologia, a partir de seus valores impregnados nela, torna possível um aprimoramento de seu produto. Neste trabalho, pretende-se analisar essa relação a partir da tecnologia de Impressão 3D, considerando o contexto específico da educação. Trata-se de compreender, a partir do que o duplo aspecto estabelece, algumas das demandas necessárias para que o uso de tal impressão, no processo educativo, promova uma compressão adequada da tecnologia, permitindo a sua democratização. Outro conceito que Feenberg apresenta é o de democratização da tecnologia. A Impressora 3D passa por constantes aprimoramentos e está se tornando mais acessível em vista da popularização do uso de sua tecnologia. Contudo, mais do que permitir acesso à tecnologia, a democratização está relacionada a vários elementos, dentre elas a possibilidade de uma diversificação da tecnologia, possibilitando soluções técnicas distintas e modos de vidas distintos. Contudo para que isso se estabeleça, aparece junto a demanda de uma compreensão diferente da natureza e uso da tecnologia. Assim, o que é necessário levar em consideração para que o uso de Impressão 3D, na educação, promova um avanço democrático no modo como se compreende a tecnologia?
ROUSSEAU, CORPO E INFÂNCIA: A EDUCAÇÃO DO CORPO INFANTIL COMO PROJETO DE FORMAÇÃO HUMANA
Authors: Mata Vilson Aparecido da
Published: September 2021

O texto procura apresentar reflexões a respeito da educação do corpo e da infância a partir dos textos de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. As questões relativas ao corpo ocupam lugar de destaque no autor do Contrato Social, uma vez que ele concebe a educação como instrumento privilegiado para a transformação da sociedade. Pela educação, Rousseau (1999c; 1995) quer formar o indivíduo novo para uma sociedade nova. Partindo das duas categorias de desigualdades entre os seres humanos (desigualdade natural e desigualdade moral e política), Rousseau argumenta ser o caminho trilhado pela civilização o responsável pela degradação dos indivíduos, impactando o corpo, que se tornou fraco e fragilizado pela falta de interação com a natureza e pelas comodidades da vida civilizada. Resgatar o corpo como expressão essencial da existência humana é, para Rousseau (1995), regenerar a própria espécie humana. Para isso, é preciso começar a educar desde a mais tenra infância e, a partir dessa ideia, Rousseau (1995) vai também conceituar a infância de uma forma muito diferente daqueles que o antecederam. Embora distante no tempo, as obras de Rousseau permanecem importantes pontos de apoio para a reflexão a respeito da educação do corpo, posto que tenha sido na sua época que as reivindicações por uma educação pública tenham ganhado força na medida em que a formação do cidadão livre também ganhava destaque.
DO “DIALÉTICO PRIMEVO” À TEORIA CRÍTICA COMO “LEGÍTIMA DEFESA”: ENTREVISTA COM CHRISTOPH TÜRCKE
Authors: Williges Flademir Roberto , Fraga Paulo Denisar
Published: September 2021

A entrevista resgata, em conexão a outros trabalhos, a discussão das obras de Christoph Türcke traduzidas e publicadas no Brasil. Por um peculiar fio teológico, em seu curso interconectam-se os mundos arcaico e high-tech e os temas da democracia e da educação. Sob o diagnóstico de um processo social de desagregação do aparelho sensorial humano, a Teoria Crítica é apresentada como legítima defesa com a tarefa de abrir-se às coisas que se impõem.
HANNAH ARENDT E A DESOBEDIÊNCIA CIVIL
Authors: Alves Vital Francisco Celestino
Published: September 2021

Frequentemente, Hannah Arendt trata com destreza e profundidade o “fato político” em suas reflexões. Publicada em 1972, a sua obra Crises da República, oferece quatro interessantes ensaios sobre questões políticas intrinsecamente ligadas à conjuntura política contemporânea e se compromete em instaurar análises de temas de forte apelo à atualidade. Entre eles, um, especificamente, busca analisar e discutir o problema da “desobediência civil”. Considerando esse problema, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar e discutir o problema da “desobediência civil” na teoria política de Hannah Arendt tendo como arrimo teórico a obra Crises da República. Sendo assim, esse estudo se concentrará basicamente em três momentos: no primeiro, será examinado se as figuras de Sócrates e H.D. Thoreau podem ser consideradas expoentes da “desobediência civil”; no segundo, perscrutaremos as distinções entre dois tipos de desobediência: a civil e a criminosa, e, no terceiro, investigaremos as possíveis relações entre a “desobediência civil” e a noção de “consentimento”. Assim, almejamos promover uma investigação acerca do fenômeno da desobediência civil e provavelmente estabelecer uma pertinente reflexão.
Inclusive Higher Vocational Education for Special Needs Students in the Scandinavian Countries and in the Russian Federation: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Goncharova Valeria Vladimirovna , Kuznetsova Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to reveal similarities and differences in organization of inclusive higher education in the Scandinavian countries and in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes interpretation of the term “competence” in the western pedagogics, identifies professional and vital (personal and social) competences, describes experience of the Scandinavian countries in organizing group-based training focused on forming special needs students’ social and interpersonal competence; examines approaches to inclusive education in the Scandinavian countries and in the Russian Federation. The authors describe current European trends in higher education, reveal specificity of special needs students’ training in Denmark, Norway and Sweden, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the authors justify efficiency of group-based training focused on forming special needs students’ social, interpersonal, intercultural competence; analyze implementation of special education trajectories in the Scandinavian countries.
QR Code and Canva Platform as Means to Form Schoolchild’s Reading Culture at Literature Lessons
Authors: Bryakova Irina Evgenievna , Mezhebovskaya Victoria Victorovna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to identify digital technologies that help to raise learners’ interest in reading, to enhance their skills of literary text perception. The article examines digital technologies, such as QR code and the Canva platform, which can be successfully used at Literature lessons; the authors justify efficiency of these technologies when working with “project books” aimed to structure newly acquired knowledge. They are also efficient when working on a literary journal within the framework of an educational project. Scientific originality of the study involves revealing a pedagogical potential of learners’ project activity based on digital technologies, such as QR code and the Canva platform. The experiment results indicate that digital technologies, such as QR code and the Canva platform, help to raise learners’ interest in reading, to enhance their skills of literary text perception.
Impact of COVID-19 on Indian Education System
Authors: Singh Kesar
Published: September 2021

Indian education system is still not mature at both the urban and rural area. Midday meal is the program organized to attract the students to get education. Under these circumstances government imposed nation wise lockdown on March 25th, 2020 to combat COVID-19, has made severe impact on the education system. India has the world’s second largest school system, after China. According to UNESCO, 63 million teachers were affected in 165 countries. A total of 1.3 billion learners around the world were not able to attend schools or universities, and approximately 320 million learners are affected in India alone. It has changed the traditional education system to the educational technologies model in which teaching and assessments are conducted online. Both the positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 on Indian Education system are observed.
Modern Slavery Statements and Leading UK Hotel Companies
Authors: Jones Peter , Comfort Daphne
Published: September 2021

Modern slavery is an insidious problem in many sectors of the global economy, and it is widely perceived to be commonplace in the hospitality industry. However modern slavery has received little attention in the academic hospitality literature and this paper looks to explore one of the ways in which leading hotel companies in the UK have publicly addressed the issue by reviewing their modern slavery statements. The paper adopts a simple methodological approach to review, and offer some reflections on, the modern slavery statements of seven of the leading hotel companies within the UK. The findings revealed that six interlinked themes, namely corporate commitment; risk areas; due diligence; awareness and training; audit; and performance measures; illustrated the seven companies’ approach to tackling modern slavery. The authors also suggested that the hotel companies’ approaches to modern slavery were expectational and that there were concerns about the scope of the auditing processes employed by the hotel companies and by the limited public reporting of their attempts to tackle modern slavery as part of their approach to corporate social responsibility. Keywords: modern slavery, modern slavery statements, UK hotel industry, hospitality industry, auditing, corporate social responsibility
Transportation towards Tourism Sustainability: Case Study of Lebanon
Authors: Hassan Viana , Bellos Georges , Fawaz Ranine
Published: September 2021

Sustainable tourism considers economic, social, and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities. Additionally, sustainable tourism development requires the informed participation of all relevant stakeholders and strong political leadership to ensure participation and consensus building. Nevertheless, maintaining sustainable tourism is necessary to encourage a high level of tourist satisfaction and to be able to ensure a new experience for them, while raising their awareness and promoting sustainable tourism practices. This research aims to study the sustainability of transportation in Lebanon in its broadest scope. This will be done by exploring the problems and solutions that can improve the transportation sector. Due to the lack of sustainable transportation, this research could help fill gaps to improve Lebanon's transportation sector. The study relied on qualitative method, through the utilization of Questionnaires for both residents and visitors and an expert in the field targeted through an Interview. The main findings presented in this paper have shown problems and solutions to Lebanon's transportation sector and the relation between transportation and tourism sustainability. Keywords: sustainability, transportation, tourism, Lebanon
University Students' Opinions on Translation Course for Special Purposes (Legal Translation Sample)
Authors:   Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Turkey, IŞIDAN Abdulmuttalip
Published: September 2021

The need for translation, which is an important bridge in intercultural communication, is increasing day by day. In recent years, because of the development of economic, political, and cultural relations with the countries whose official language is Arabic, the interest in Arabic translation has increased. In this context, Arabic Translation and Interpretation departments have been opened at universities. In these departments, translation courses for students' ability to translate in different fields are also given in areas of specialization such as medical translation and legal translation. Since translations for areas of specialization have their own terminology, it brings various difficulties in the translation process. In this study, it was tried to determine the problems experienced in the process of legal translation by taking the opinions of the students who took the legal translation course in the Department of Arabic Translation and Interpretation at Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University. In this context, 7 open-ended questions were asked to 15 students who took the course of legal translation in this department. Based on the answers given to these questions, the problems experienced by the students during the legal translation process were determined and suggestions were made for the solution of these problems.
The Intersectional Nature of Educational Inequality in the Global South - A Case of Papua New Guinea
Authors: Wangina Norris
Published: September 2021

Since the ‘Education for All Agenda’ was ratified at
the Jomtien conference in 1990, the world has moved to implementing the agenda.
Papua New Guinea believes that education is the solution to its social, economic,
and political problems, and in taking ownership of and working towards
implementing the programme. However, Papua New Guinea’s education system concentrates
on improving girls’, education and special education. This has resulted in improved enrolment numbers
and higher retention rates nationwide but has failed to deliver quality
education to all students specifically marginalised children of both genders. This
essay argues that delivering quality education to all children should be addressed
through an intersectionality approach. Firstly, intersectionality is defined and
the ways that intersecting factors cause marginalisation and discrimination
within different groups around the world and in Papua New Guinea are described.
Secondly, the essay discusses how Papua New Guinea’s culture contributes to
segregation. Finally, it discusses how Papua
New Guinea can approach intersectionality issues and improve its education
system to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4, i.e. to provide inclusive
and equitable education and to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
Towards the Development of a Caribbean-Centric Social Work Perspective: Imperatives for Social Work in the English-speaking Caribbean
Authors: Boodram Cheryl-Ann Sarita
Published: September 2021

Social
Work in the English- speaking Caribbean has adopted a generalist perspective
that tends to obfuscate the Caribbean socio-cultural-political of peoples in
the region. This brief calls for the development and of a Caribbean-centric perspective
with Caribbean people as a means of resolving this dilemma.
Looking Back at the Pandemic Onset: Twitter Chatter Reflects Changes in Alcohol Themes
Authors: Ryerson Nicole , Stone Jeffrey
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 global pandemic brought with it massive disruptions across many aspects of daily living including losses of employment and financial opportunities, reduced access to essential resources, lack of engagement in social activities, increases in social isolation, and mass transitions to remote school and work environments. Pre-pandemic research on events with paralleled community-wide effects has demonstrated a resulting increase in alcohol use and misuse as a result of these massive disruptions. However, early research on the impact of the current global pandemic on alcohol use has painted a complex picture. The current study utilized social media content (i.e., Twitter) as a way to investigate the initial impact of the pandemic on our relationship with alcohol. Analyses were also conducted to determine if the pandemic resulted in a shift away from typical weekly patterns related to alcohol use (i.e., increased on weekends vs. weekdays). A 2 (pandemic: pre-pandemic vs. post-pandemic) x 2 (day of week: weekday vs. weekend) ANCOVA was calculated to predict the prevalence of alcohol related tweets while controlling for the total number of tweets. The prevalence of alcohol related tweets significantly increased following the declaration of the global pandemic, however, the pattern of alcohol related tweets across the days of the week did not differ as a result of the pandemic. These results may be a reflection of major shifts in the psychological and social phenomena associated with alcohol as a result of the devastating impacts of the global pandemic.