bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accessibility Analysis of Learning Management System Websites
Authors: Dwi Fithriyaningrum  , Kusumawardani Sri Suning , Wibirama Sunu
Published: January 2023

In the digital era, Learning Management System is widely used to spread information in higher education, particularly at the university level. There are, however, issues with the Learning Management System's accessibility for users with disabilities. This research aims to investigate the accessibility issues of learning management websites of 30 universities in Indonesia. The top 30 universities in Indonesia according to Webometrics 2022 are the basis for this study. Accessibility issues will be identified and examined using the Wave evaluation tool which is in accordance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 used by ISO 40500. Web Content Accessibility Guideline 2.1 has principles that any web should follow: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust. Based on the research findings, The low contrast ratio between text and background, the absence of text explanations in the images, the lack of descriptive text on the links, the absence of text labels on the form, and the absence of text description on the button were the most frequently encountered accessibility issues.
O Pré-realismo de Manoel de Oliveira (projetos não realizados)
Authors: Areal Leonor
Published: January 2023

Quarenta e oito anos de ditadura e de censura constituíram uma terrível amputação na cultura portuguesa. Numerosos projetos cinematográficos proibidos ou abortados constam dos arquivos públicos existentes e, em particular, do espólio, agora acessível, de Manoel de Oliveira. A descoberta desses projetos vem desvendar o que poderia ter sido a história do cinema português se alguns destes filmes se tivessem concretizado. Este artigo procura desvelar o conteúdo até hoje desconhecido de diversos filmes de Oliveira que não foram realizados e, assim, “desafiar” algumas das concepções existentes acerca deste autor. Analisando alguns argumentos escritos, procurarei levantar pistas sobre esse cinema que não existiu, constituído de filmes imaginados que nunca viram a luz, mas que fizeram parte da vida e da obra deste criador e existiram num contexto real. Estes documentos, até hoje inéditos, vêm revelar uma faceta desconhecida e marcadamente realista na primeira fase criativa de Oliveira. Discutirei assim as influências e as interações entre diferentes conceitos de realismo e a obra de Oliveira, o que vem reforçar a observação de Georges Sadoul sobre o carácter original e precursor da obra oliveiriana, que antecedeu a emergência dos realismos do pós-guerra.
Imersividade e Diferença no Cinema e nas Artes
Authors: Martins Filipe
Published: January 2023

Este artigo aborda a relação tensional entre dois conceitos frequentemente usados nas discussões teóricas sobre a experiência estética e as artes: a diferença e a imersividade. O conceito de diferença pode ser entendido na perspetiva da novidade que caracteriza as vanguardas, pode ser reconhecido no movimento de desconstrução dos significados e das aparências por via do desvio e do diferimento, ou no contexto da subversão, do dissenso político e do espírito revolucionário do artista, ou ainda no estranhamento e no “efeito de distanciamento”, que potencialmente convocam o espectador para a participação e coautoria. De um modo geral, a diferença tende a opor-se à passividade e ao caráter alienante da imersão. No contexto de uma fenomenologia da receção, esta tensão entre diferença e imersividade desenha uma matriz teórica que poderá ajudar-nos a interpretar outras dualidades recorrentes, como a distinção entre discurso informativo e discurso performativo, ou mesmo entre arte e entretenimento.
Um Percurso pela História do Cinema
Authors: Ramos Tiago
Published: January 2023

Recensão de História do Cinema: Dos Primórdios ao Cinema Contemporâneo, coordenado por Nelson Araújo (Edições 70, 2021).
Ao Sabor da Cereja: Por uma pedagogia sensível do cinema
Authors: João Martins Alexandra
Published: January 2023

A presente recensão visa expor os principais argumentos de A Hipótese Cinema – Pequeno Tratado sobre a Transmissão do Cinema dentro e fora da Escola, de Alain Bergala. Publicado originalmente em 2002, o livro foi recentemente editado em Portugal pela Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda.
A Representação do Trabalho Doméstico no Cinema Latino-Americano do Século XXI
Authors: Maciel Ferraz Ligia
Published: January 2023

Recensão crítica sobre o livro Domestic Labor in Twenty-First Century Latin American Cinema, coletânea de ensaios organizado por Elizabeth Osborne e Sofía Ruiz-Alfaro e publicado em 2020. A obra analisa a representação das trabalhadoras domésticas no cinema latino-americano contemporâneo a partir de uma perspetiva interseccional entre classe, raça e género.
Entre Telas Retangulares e Esféricas: Uma exploração metodológica para a análise de decupagem em conteúdos imersivos
Authors: De Barros Tais , Tietzmann Roberto
Published: January 2023

Embora as principais janelas de captação e exibição de cinema e restante audiovisual sejam retangulares, dispositivos capazes de produzir e exibir filmes imersivos têm se tornado mais presentes na última década. Questionamos o que muda na decupagem e montagem de cenas quando uma obra narrativa transita de um suporte retangular para um suporte esférico imersivo, como aqueles vistos em dispositivos de Realidade Virtual. Para a análise, escolhemos dois curtas-metragens de animação, que têm versões oficiais tanto para janelas tradicionais quanto imersivas, disponíveis na plataforma Google Spotlight Stories: Pearl (2016) e Rain or Shine (2016). Como resultados e contribuições do artigo, propomos uma metodologia de análise, aplicamo-la e apresentamos seus resultados no final: o conceito de diegese de atenção, em que os detalhes relevantes de uma narrativa devem ser completados pelo olhar voluntário do espectador imerso.
Role ženy a její vývoj v evropském nástupnickém právu
Authors: Nohel Petr
Published: January 2023

Although the history of European law of succession is colourful, changes in its conception have been continuous, especially in case of transferring the claims. They have not been adopted equally consistently by all states in which the monarchy order is still an integral part of the legal system. We can find out the trend of transition from more rigorous forms (such as Salic or Agnatic law) to the current absolute primogeniture, which is gradually applied across whole continent. In some countries there we can find significant divergence between this successor order and older nobelmen orders. The status of women became over time more equal to the status of men, but at the same time women gradually lost their exclusive position that was reserved for them by previous orders.
The Marriage Legislation in the French and Dutch Civil Code
Authors: von Bóné Emese
Published: January 2023

This paper focuses on the historical backgrounds of the marital power in the marriage legislation in the French Civil Code via the works of Robert Joseph Pothier. The legal status of the husband and wife and their mutual relationship as regulated by the first Dutch Civil Code of 1838, which was inspired by the French Civil Code, is also discussed. In the final part of this paper the latest reforms of the marriage legislation are analysed.
Atentáty v československých dejinách
Authors: Letková Alexandra
Published: January 2023

In the study, the author focuses on the various assassinations that are connected with the Czechoslovak history. The term „assassination“ has no legal definition, so in the beginning of the study we will first think about its content. Based on the definition, we will identify the assassinations in every period of Czechoslovak history. The body of the study is divided into four parts, derived from effect of the Criminal codes and from the constitutional development in the state. The primary aim of the study is the analysis of assassinations, especially from a legal point of view, i.e., from the point of view of legal responsibility or the impact of assassinations as material source on the origin of law. The secondary aim of the work is to approach several interpretations that relate to assassinations and the impact of the analyzed events on historical memory.
Počátky hnutí za získání ženského volebního práva ve Velké Británii v druhé polovině 60. let 19. století
Authors: Bažantová Eva
Published: January 2023

The paper focuses on the first phase of women’s efforts to gain the right to vote. There had been discussion over the preparation of the Second Reform Act about widening the franchise. In 1866, a group of women gathered in the Kensington Society came up with an idea to create a petition which called for right for women householders to gain right to vote on the same basis as men did, without the distinction of sex. The petition of 1866 reached an unexpected number of signatures and MP John Stuart Mill presented the question of women’s suffrage in the House of Commons. The paper follows the arguments for and against the women’s suffrage in the 1860s. The 1866 petition was an important step in the women’s emancipation movement as it started a broader movement to gain the suffrage.
Response of the carotid artery longitudinal motion to submaximal physical activity in healthy humans—Marked changes already at low workload
Authors: Ahlgren Åsa Rydén , Erlöv Tobias , Cinthio Magnus
Published: January 2023

The longitudinal motion of the arterial wall, that is, the displacement of the arterial wall along the artery, parallel to blood flow, is still largely unexplored. The magnitude and nature of putative changes in longitudinal motion of the arterial wall in response to physical activity in humans remain unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to study the longitudinal motion of the carotid artery wall during physical activity in healthy humans. Using in‐house developed non‐invasive ultrasonic methods, the longitudinal motion of the intima‐media complex and the diameter changes of the right common carotid artery (CCA) in 40 healthy volunteers (20 volunteers aged 22–35 years; 20 volunteers aged 55–68 years) were assessed at rest and during submaximal supine bicycle exercise. In a subset of the subjects (n = 18) also intramural shear strain were analyzed. The longitudinal motion of the intima‐media complex underwent marked changes in response to physical activity, already at low workload; with most evident a marked increase of the first antegrade displacement (p < 0.001) in early systole. Likewise, the corresponding shear strain also increased significantly (p = 0.004). The increase in longitudinal motion showed significant correlation to increase in blood pressure, but not to blood flow velocity or wall shear stress. In conclusion, physical activity markedly influences the longitudinal motion of the carotid artery wall in healthy humans already at low load. A possible “cushioning” function as well as possible implications for the function of the vasa vasorum, endothelium, and smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix of the media, are discussed.
Ramification theory of reciprocity sheaves, I: Zariski–Nagata purity
Authors: Rülling Kay , Saito Shuji
Published: January 2023

We prove a Zariski–Nagata purity theorem for the motivic ramification filtration of a reciprocity sheaf.
An important tool in the proof is a generalization of the Kato-Saito reciprocity map from geometric global
class field theory to all reciprocity sheaves. As a corollary we obtain cut-by-curves and cut-by-surfaces
criteria for various ramification filtrations. In some cases this reproves known theorems,
in some cases we obtain new results.
On implementation of Boolean functions by contact circuits of minimal uniform width
Authors: Popkov Kirill A.
Published: January 2023

For each Boolean function, we find a minimal possible value of the uniform width of a contact circuit implementing this function. We also show that, for almost all n-place Boolean functions, this value is equal to 3.
Approximation by matrix transform means with respect to the character system of the group of 2-adic integers
Authors: Blahota István
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we discuss the rate of the approximation by matrix transform means of Fourier series with respect to the character system of the group of 2-adic integers
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Detecting biased user-product ratings for online products using opinion mining
Authors: Chopra Akanksha Bansal , Dixit Veer Sain
Published: January 2023

Collaborative filtering recommender system (CFRS) plays a vital role in today’s e-commerce industry. CFRSs collect ratings from the users and predict recommendations for the targeted product. Conventionally, CFRS uses the user-product ratings to make recommendations. Often these user-product ratings are biased. The higher ratings are called push ratings (PRs) and the lower ratings are called nuke ratings (NRs). PRs and NRs are injected by factitious users with an intention either to aggravate or degrade the recommendations of a product. Hence, it is necessary to investigate PRs or NRs and discard them. In this work, opinion mining approach is applied on textual reviews that are given by users for a product to detect the PRs and NRs. The work also examines the effect of PRs and NRs on the performance of CFRS by evaluating various measures such as precision, recall, F-measure and accuracy.
In-line inspection technology of oil and gas long-distance pipeline based on alternating current field measurement
Authors: Yijing Feng , Haitao Liu , Laibin Zhang , Wenpei Zheng
Published: January 2023

Alternating current field measurement (ACFM) has advantages of fast inspection speed, high efficiency, sensitive inspection, and easy quantification. In this study, a probe based on ACFM has been carried out, trying to inspect cracks on the inner wall of pipeline with high precision. An inspection tool which is working according to ACFM is developed in order to determine the stress corrosion cracking. The lift-off distance and excitation frequency parameters are optimized, and the influence of uneven magnetic permeability of the pipeline on the test results is analyzed. In addition, experiments are carried out to test the practicality of the tool. The minimum axial crack length that the probe can detect is 15 mm and the minimal depth is 1 mm. The research results show that the probe has the ability to quantitatively evaluate the axial cracks on the inner surface of the pipeline, which has certain guiding significance for the design and development of the AC electromagnetic field inspection probe.
From the Editors
Authors: Fox Jesse , Kugelmann Robert
Published: January 2023

With this its inaugural issue, Integratus passes from aspiration to reality. The journal will have—has—a distinct voice in the field of mental health care. As the journal of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association, it brings Catholic voices into the scholarly and praxis-oriented conversations about human suffering and healing, mental health and flourishing, forms of therapy, and reflections on the deeper meanings and significance of this domain of human living and dying. Readers of this journal will be able to find these and related topics, relevant to Catholic approaches to psychotherapy, addressed in every issue.
Welcome to Integratus
Authors: Fox Jesse , Kugelmann Robert
Published: January 2023

Welcome to Integratus, the Journal of the Catholic Psychotherapy Association . The aim of Integratus is to draw on the rich resources that the Catholic intellectual and spiritual traditions can offer to the mental health fields—to make innovative contributions to psychological theory, research, and practice.
Contemplative Prayer and Psychotherapy
Authors: Fox Jesse
Published: January 2023

This article discusses what contemplative prayer is and how it may inform psychotherapy more broadly. It presents a psychological ontology of contemplative prayer, originating within primary sources of the Desert Fathers and extending throughout the centuries to the present through contemplative guides across religious orders. This ontology is presented as a way in which people are changed so that they view their lives from the perspective of infinitude. Perceiving that their lives are caught up into an eternal timeline that extends beyond their particular life-span, they are freed from existential dread and emboldened in and through the instillation of hope.
What Is Catholic Psychotherapy and How Should It Move Forward?
Authors: Plante Thomas G.
Published: January 2023

Catholic psychotherapy is a critically important specialization that underscores the need for culturally competent best practices. It integrates state-of-the-art psychotherapeutic professional services with the rich religious, spiritual, and cultural contributions and traditions of the Roman Catholic Church. Since the Church is the single largest religious denomination in the world and represents about a quarter of the United States population, there is ample need for Catholic-informed and engaged psychotherapists with expertise in working thoughtfully and sensitively with Catholic clients, including laypersons and clerics, and with Church institutions such as schools, hospitals, and charitable groups. While the Catholic Psychotherapy Association has been an important organization to promote Catholic psychotherapy, a new journal dedicated to this topic provides a mechanism to share quality peer-reviewed science, practice, and reflection on how to move the field forward in a way that serves the most people possible. This article reflects on two central questions: What is Catholic psychotherapy, and who are good candidates to provide and receive these specialized services? It also offers examples of cases that fit well into the Catholic psychotherapy approach, and it discusses future directions as well as potential ethical challenges.
Okul Öncesi Eğitim Kurumlarına Devam Eden 48-72 Ay Arası Çocukların Özdüzenleme Becerilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ARABACI Feride , KAMARAJ Işık
Published: January 2023

Özdüzenleme becerileri, okula hazır bulunuşluğun ve erken okul başarısının önemli bir yordayıcısıdır. Özdüzenleme, hedeflere yönelik eylemler amacıyla bilişsel, duygusal ve motivasyonel aktivasyonu yönetme yeteneğini ifade eder. Bireylerin kendi duygularını ve davranışlarını kontrol etmelerine ve değiştirmelerine, başkalarıyla olumlu etkileşimler sürdürmelerine ve genel olarak daha uyumlu işlevler için koşullar sağlamasına olanak tanır. Özdüzenleme becerileri, düşünceleri, duyguları ve davranışları kontrol etmek için çeşitli becerileri içerir. Özdüzenleme becerileri erken çocukluk döneminde gelişir, daha sonra anaokulu ve okul öncesi yaştan itibaren hızla artar ve doğrusal olmayan süreçlerde yetişkinliğe kadar gelişir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Karaman ilinde 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden 48 ile 72 ay arası çocukların özdüzenleme becerilerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada araştırmacı var olan durumu ortaya çıkarmayı amaçladığı için tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Örneklem olarak 180 çocuğa uygulama yapılmıştır. Uygulama için Okul Öncesi Öz Düzenleme Ölçeği (OÖDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Ortalamalar arasındaki farkı test etmek için parametrik olmayan (non-parametrik) istatistik teknikler kullanılmış olup Mann Whitney U-testi ile Kruskal-Wallis Testi analizleriyle ölçüm yapılmıştır. Testlerin Cronbach Alpha Katsayıları incelendiğinde ölçeğin oldukça güvenilir ve yüksek derecede güvenilir bulunmuştur. OÖDÖ Cronbach Alpha Katsayıları incelendiğinde toplam ortalamanın α=.81 olarak oldukça güvenilir bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonunda; 48 ile 72 ay arası okul öncesi öğrencilerinin, “Dikkat/Dürtü Kontrolü” alt boyutunda öz düzenleme becerilerinde daha başarılı oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Uygulayıcı Değerlendirme Formundan elde edilen öz düzenleme puanları, öğrencilerin yaş değişkenine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermektedir.
Shoulder arthropathy secondary to syringomyelia: systematic review
Authors: Wawrzyniak Anna , Lubiatowski Przemysław
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to collect and evaluate clinical and radiological evidence on shoulder neuroarthropathy (NA) in syringomyelia (SM) that may support the management and treatment of patients with this condition.

Materials and methods

This systematic review is based on the analysis of reports available in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using the following keywords: syringomyelia, neuroarthropathy, Charcot joint and shoulder degeneration. Thirty-nine publications were found presenting case reports or case series meeting our criteria. Pooled data included a group of 65 patients and 71 shoulders with NA secondary to SM.

Results

The most commonly reported symptoms were range of motion (ROM) limitation, weakness, swelling, pain and dissociated sensory loss. NA is usually monolateral and concerns only the shoulder. The average active shoulder ROM was flexion −59.2° (s.d. 37.9), internal rotation −29.8° (s.d. 22.6) and external rotation −21.1° (s.d. 23.6). Most of the patients (75%) presented with complete or nearly complete proximal humerus degeneration, while the degree of glenoid preservation varied. Fifty-two neuroarthropathic shoulders were treated conservatively with physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication and splinting. Eighteen patients were treated by surgical intervention.

Conclusion

Shoulder NA due to SM is a devastating and progressive condition, and its course is often unpredictable. Patients with unexplained shoulder degeneration should be evaluated for SM, especially if there are additional neurological symptoms. Conservative treatment usually reduces shoulder pain without improving ROM. For select patients, shoulder arthroplasty may be a better option for restoring function.
Ethanol potentiates follicle-stimulating hormone action in ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Kasahara Yuta , Kishi Hiroshi , Yokomizo Ryo , Okamoto Aikou
Published: January 2023

There are many previous reports on the effects of ethanol on physiological function, including reports of elevated blood estrogen levels in women who drank alcohol. However, the mechanism of ethanol's effects on ovarian functions, such as follicle development and hormone secretion, has not been fully clarified. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the impacts of ethanol on these phenomena and their mechanisms using a primary culture system of rat ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). In the present experiment, groups were created in which follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or ethanol was added alone or FSH and ethanol were co-added, and mRNA and protein expression in each group was measured for luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and sex steroid hormone synthase, as well as for estradiol (E2) production, cAMP production, and FSH receptor (FSHR) internalization rate. The addition of FSH induced mRNA expression of LHR and aromatase, which led to membrane LHR expression and E2 production. The coexistence of ethanol enhanced all these responses. The action of FSH is exerted via cAMP, and the co-addition of ethanol enhanced this cAMP production. Ethanol alone did not induce cAMP production. The enhancing effect of ethanol was also observed for cAMP induced by cholera toxin. Ethanol had no significant effect on the internalization rate of FSHR. In conclusion, ethanol increased FSH-stimulated cAMP production by increasing the activity of adenylyl cyclase, which enhanced FSH actions in rat GCs. Alcohol is an exacerbating factor in several female hormone-related diseases, and the mechanism of ethanol-induced increase in estrogen secretion revealed in this study may be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
The social conditioning of criminal responsibility for illegal deprivation of liberty
Authors: Riznyk O.R.
Published: January 2023

Personal freedom is an inalienable property of a person embedded in his very essence, it is the embodiment of individuality and self-sufficiency of everyone, a normal condition for the development of an individual and society as a whole. We suggest that socially dangerous acts, which are provided by art. 146, 1461, 147, 149, 151, 349, 3491, 371, 444 of Criminal Code of Ukraine.Every time, researching the issue of the existence of criminal responsability and the forms of its implementation, scientists do not bypass the question of the social conditioning of these legal phenomena. In modern conditions of globalization, all civilized countries are trying to build their legislation, including criminal legislation, and, accordingly, to develop a system of countermeasures against socially dangerous acts, based on international normative acts. The international legal need to establish criminal law prohibitions in Ukrainian legislation depends on the international obligations that Ukraine has assumed before the international community. In accordance with such obligations, national legislation must be brought into line with the requirements and recommendations established in international legal documents to which Ukraine is a party. All these conventions establish the right of a person to personal freedom. In addition, some of them contain provisions on the need to establish criminal responsability and punishment for crimes related to illegal deprivation of liberty.Characterizing the criminally illegal acts connected with illegal deprivation of liberty to date, and analyzing in detail their crime-forming features, one should talk about their social danger. And the nature and degree of public danger of such criminally illegal acts is determined by the value of the entire system of criminal law protection objects, which are negatively affected.
Qualification of intentional murders in the competition of criminal law norms
Authors: Lomaha Yu.T.
Published: January 2023

Taking into account the associative nature of the relevant system of norms, it seems that the nature of the connections between these norms can cause, in the event of the corresponding criminal offense, such an atypical situation of law enforcement as the competition of criminal legal norms. Extrapolating the acquisition of the criminal legal doctrine to the needs of our research, despite some differences in the given definitions, the competition of criminal legal norms in the qualification of intentional murders occurs when: 1) a person committed the intentional murder of one victim, that is, one murder; 2) according to the signs of the actual composition of the committed act, the behavior of the guilty person falls under the signs of several, two or more legal compositions of murder, provided for in several criminal law norms; 3) these norms are in such a logical and legal relationship that excludes their simultaneous application to a specific case and determines the need to apply only one of them. In the doctrine of criminal law, depending on the nature of the relationship between norms, three main types of competition of criminal law norms are distinguished: 1) general and special norms; 2) part and whole; 3) several special norms among themselves. The resolution of situations of competition of criminal law norms when qualifying intentional murder, regardless of the type of such competition, entails the application of only one article of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, since only one criminal offense has been committed. When qualifying intentional murder, the law enforcement body may encounter typical types of competition of criminal law norms: general and special norms, part and whole; several special norms among themselves, as well as with complicated situations, which are due to the peculiarities of the construction of the disposition of criminal law norms. In any case, it should be emphasized that there cannot be an ideal set of criminal offenses provided for by competing criminal law norms. Therefore, the practice of courts that allow such a combination should be defined as unfounded and should not be applied to the criminal law assessment of intentional attacks on another person’s life.
Signs that qualify the composition of crimes related to illegal deprivation of liberty: concepts and system
Authors: Riznyk O.R.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article was to clarify the legal nature and define the concept of features that qualify crimes that are associated with illegal deprivation of liberty and to present their totality provided by the criminal law in the form of a system based on the classification and grouping. Achieving this goal was facilitated by the answers to the following questions: 1) what is the legally established set of features that qualify crimes related to illegal deprivation of liberty offered by the current Criminal Code of Ukraine? 2) what should be understood by the features that qualify a criminal offense and what characteristic features are characteristic of this concept? 3) are the signs established in the Criminal Code of Ukraine that qualify crimes related to illegal deprivation of liberty assigned with these signs? 4) how can such signs be classified or grouped, taking into account the answers to the previous questions? 5) what criminal-legal significance will the given classifications of signs have. Answering the indicated questions, the author assumed that the features that qualify a criminal offense act as a means of differentiating criminal responsibility and in this connection are immanently endowed with features that are characteristic of this instrument of criminal law regulation. They do not create a new criminal law prohibition, instead they change the specific manifestation of its criminal illegality and, accordingly, the punishment of the committed. It was established that the essential and necessary signs of «signs that qualify a criminal offense» are that they: - are contained directly in the criminal law; - are included in the structure of the composition of the criminal offense; - «transform» the basic composition into a qualified one; - is a generalized designation of the circumstances of the commission of a criminal offense; - affect the dangerousness of the committed act, which causes an independent criminal sanction, which is reflected in an independent structural part of the criminal law; - demand a criminal-legal assessment of the offense committed under another structural part of the criminal law, different from the one containing the basic composition of the offense; - have an imperative character, i.e. they must be applied. The paper concludes that the most important criminal-legal significance for criminal-legal qualification is the grouping of features that qualify crimes related to illegal deprivation of liberty into such groups, which are separated according to those qualification rules, from the whole set of various classifications. which should be applied for the legal evaluation of the committed.
Mercado laboral en Costa Rica
Authors: Segura-Bonilla Olman , Villalobos-Arce Geannina
Published: January 2023

Actualmente, el contexto económico global es complejo. En el año 2020 empezó la pandemia del COVID-19, la cual generó efectos en los sistemas, tanto de salud como económico. Desde febrero del 2022 inició la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania, que se ha traducido en elevados niveles de inflación y una alta incertidumbre energética. Como resultado de dichos acontecimientos y otros, en los ocho meses transcurridos del año 2022 se ha presentado una distorsión de las condiciones económicas y sociales a nivel internacional, y Costa Rica no es la excepción. Por lo tanto, con el fin de conocer la situación laboral de los costarricenses, en el presente artículo se realizó un análisis del mercado de trabajo para el II trimestre del año 2022, con base en los resultados de la Encuesta Continua de Empleo (ECE) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INEC). De acuerdo con las cifras, y conforme a los resultados del análisis, el país ha presentado una mejoría en términos de empleo; empero, aún falta un largo camino para la recuperación, el cual se dificulta con la gran incertidumbre internacional.
Terapia monitorowana stężeniem wankomycyny u pacjentów Oddziału Intensywnej Terapii
Authors: Jędrzejczyk Joanna
Published: January 2023

Wankomycyna jest antybiotykiem glikopeptydowym, powszechnie stosowanym w leczeniu zakażeń wywołanych przez bakterie Gram-dodatnie. Działanie bakteriobójcze wynika z blokowania biosyntezy ściany komórkowej w fazie podziału komórki bakteryjnej, poprzez wiązanie się z dużym powinowactwem z D-alanylo-D-alaniną, końcem cząsteczek prekursorowych ściany komórkowej. Antybiotyk ten często powoduje zaburzenia czynności nerek. Przyczyna nefrotoksyczności upatrywana jest w wywieraniu przez wankomycynę stresu oksydacyjnego na komórki kanalika bliższego nerki. Jednym z działań niepożądanych, najczęściej kojarzonych z leczeniem wankomycyną, jest ototoksyczność, spowodowana bezpośrednim szkodliwym oddziaływaniem na VIII nerw czaszkowy (przedsionkowo-ślimakowy), jednak występuje ona niezbyt często i ma zazwyczaj charakter przemijającej utraty słuchu. Ze względu na szereg czynników coraz częściej podnosi się, że wankomycyna powinna być stosowana jedynie w bakteriemii, a także empirycznie w zapaleniu opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych, z przyczyn mikrobiologiczno-epidemiologicznych. Oznaczanie poziomu wankomycyny powinno być stosowane w każdym przypadku parenteralnego podania antybiotyku pacjentowi. Aktywność wankomycyny nie zależy od stężenia, a głównym parametrem wskazującym na skuteczność terapii jest iloraz pola powierzchni pod krzywą stężenie-czas (AUC) i minimalnego stężenia hamującego (MIC) dla drobnoustroju docelowego. Docelową, z farmakokinetycznego i farmakodynamicznego punktu widzenia, wartością AUC/MIC zapewniającą skuteczność kliniczną wankomycyny jest wartość 400. W celu osiągnięcia wartości docelowej AUC/MIC przy MIC >0,5 mg/l konieczne jest stosowanie dawek z górnego zakresu oraz utrzymywanie wysokiego stężenia wankomycyny w surowicy przed podaniem kolejnej dawki. Pomiar stężeń wankomycyny prowadzony był u pacjentów hospitalizowanych w Oddziale Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii. Przeanalizowano wyniki u najtrudniejszej grupy pacjentów, obciążonych wieloma chorobami, w ciężkim stanie klinicznym, którzy zazwyczaj nie podlegają standardowym modelom farmakokinetycznym. Celem niniejszej pracy było zweryfikowanie, czy terapia wankomycyną prowadzona jest prawidłowo, zgodnie z wytycznymi oraz procedurą terapii monitorowanej stężeniem, wprowadzoną w szpitalu.
A Brief Survey of Clipping and Intersection Algorithms with a List of References (including Triangle-Triangle Intersections)
Authors: Skala Vaclav
Published: January 2023

This contribution presents a brief survey of clipping and intersection algorithms in ${E^{2}}$ and ${E^{3}}$ with a nearly complete list of relevant references. Some algorithms use the projective extension of the Euclidean space and vector-vector operations, which support GPU and SSE use.
This survey is intended to help researchers, students, and practitioners dealing with intersection and clipping algorithms.
Detection and Investigation of Counterfeit Medical Products in Slovenia*
Authors: Slak Boštjan , Frangez Danijela
Published: January 2023

This article provides insights into the detection, investigation and prosecution of counterfeit medical products in Slovenia and abroad. The article summarizes the reports of Interpol and the European Union’s activities in this area. It also uses the opinions and insights of experts in the field provided through interviews. While the scope of the problem surrounding counterfeit medical products has been increasing globally, the issue is not alarming in Slovenia. Counterfeit medical products (CFMP) were never found to enter the legal supply chain in Slovenia. In general, the incidence of counterfeit medical products in the scope of detection, investigation and prosecution is extremely low. The reasons for this may be in the ongoing debates about the definition of CFMPs and the continuing lack of public awareness about counterfeit medical products. If the public does not understand or even know about counterfeit medical products, they will fail to report potential encounters with them, thus making their detection even more difficult. The research study presented in this paper has (partly) confirmed that a sound and socially-oriented healthcare system in which the required medicines are widely available represents a deterrent against counterfeit medical products. Therefore, the legislative framework supporting such a system is most important.
Recurrent craniopharyngioma
Authors: Martelli Laura
Published: January 2023

Craniopharyngioma is a rare embryonic malformation tumor in the sellar and parasellar area of low histological grade. Local recurrence is frequent, being of great importance the use of the preoperative visual field as a clinical predictive indicator; and its postoperative outcome. The objective of this report is to recognize a recurrence in the event of small changes in visual acuity or campimetric alterations in patients with a history of this tumor. Clinical case: A 10-year-old girl presents to the clinic with a history of craniopharyngioma operated on a year earlier, with both atrophic optic nerves and decreased visual acuity. Complementary studies and urgent referral to the pediatric neurosurgeon were carried out, who detected intracranial hypertension secondary to recurrence of the craniopharyngioma, leading to its surgical removal. Conclusion: It is important to highlight the requesting of a visual field both for the detection of possible recurrences and for the follow-up of the craniopharyngioma, considering its high recurrence rate.
Temperament differences in boys and girls from 3 to 5 years old
Authors: Murillo Stefany Núñez , Martínez Brenda Contreras , Velásquez Flor Vilches , Revollar Charles Portilla
Published: January 2023

The present study tried to determine if there are differences between temperament dimensions of boys and girls between three to five years old. The sample includes 406 participants: 221 boys and 185 girls, from 9 pre-schools districts (Arequipa-Peru). The study was descriptive and correlational, trying to find the relationship between dimensions of temperament in boys and girls. The Buss and Plomin scale of temperament: emotionality, activity and sociability (shyness) (EAS), and a demographic card built by the researchers were used. Significant differences were found in favor of girls in the dimensions of sociability and activity. On the other hand, there are no significant differences in relation to the different ages of the participants.
Calculation of the changing cofficient of the folmerov diffusion of methane desorped from coal in the face area of the coal layer at great depths
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Minieiev Serhii , Prusova Alla ,   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yanzhula Oleksii ,   PJSC “Donetskstal”, Sachko Roman ,   PJSC “Donetskstal”, Minieiev Oleksandr ,   National Technical University "Dnipro Polytechnic"
Published: January 2023

An algorithm for calculating the Volmer diffusion coefficient of methane adsorbed in coal in the bottomhole zone of the formation to the maximum reference pressure is developed with taking into account the change in the Folmer porosity and the size of the space of this zone. The algorithm is based on the using of the exponential law of compression, which describes the structural changes in the reference pressure of the coal seam. This allowed us to determine the diameter of the Folmer pores in the study area depending on its stress state. Based on these data and the calculation of the exponential nature of the change in porosity, the regularity of the Folmer diffusion in the bottomhole region at its fixed length and initial porosity of coal is established. By using a method of step-by-step approximating the solution of this problem for different parameters, the research results are generalized to the existing ranges of change in the Folmer porosity of coal and the size of the bottomhole region of reference pressure in mining conditions at great depths. The functional approximation dependence is established, which allows to perform calculations of the Volmer diffusion coefficient of methane desorbed from the coal layer, with simultaneous change of two parameters - initial porosity of coal and distance between the bottom to the maximum reference pressure zone. Calculations showed that when reference pressure approached its maximum at a distance of up to 10 m from the face the coefficient of Folmer diffusion of methane in coal decreased slightly. In this case, there is a strong dependence of the Volmer diffusion coefficient on the diameter of the Folmer pores in the virgin coal layer. For example, when this diameter increases twofold - from 8 А to 16 А at the distance of 20 m from the face to a maximum reference pressure, the coefficient of Folmer diffusion increases by 1.5 times. That is, Folmer's diffusion is the most intensive in the disturbed zones of the coal layer. This can be the area of maximum reference pressure, if there is a zone of disintegration, or in that part of the face zone, which is characterized by the developed system of fractures. Key words: adsorbed methane, coal layer, face zone, Folmer pores, Folmer diffusion coefficient.
Regularities of variability of methane content in the coal layers of the Western Donbass
Authors:   National Technical University ", Khomenko Natalia ,   Dnipro Polytechnic", Prykhodchenko Vasil ,   National Technical University "Dnipro Polytechnic", Prykhodchenko Svitlana ,   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

The article considers the factors that contribute to the accumulation and preservation of methane in the coal seams of the Western Donbass. Mines of the district develop lower and middle carbon bituminous coal. It is characterized by a low degree of catagenetic transformations, increased collector properties. Regional regularities of change of methane bearing capacity of coal seams and content of free methane in them are established. In tectonic terms, the area is a monoclinal with domed and brachyform local structures associated with rupture. Methane-bearing anomalies, in turn, are associated with the vaults of such structures, both anticlinal and synclinal types. When bending into the anticlinal fold, the fracture of the rocks increases in the upper part of the formation, which increases their filtration rates. Roof rocks are characterized by high permeability and this leads to degassing of the anticline fold. During the formation of synclines, fractured zones are formed in the bottom of the coal seams and the screen for methane migration becomes directly the coal seam, which contributes to the preservation of methane in such structures. As a result, local synclines mostly have positive methane and free methane content and local anticline bends are mostly negative. It is established that the methane reservoirs in the study area are coal seams, argillites and siltstones with high reservoir properties, which are located in the vaults of plicative structures. The established patterns will improve reliability of the forecast of methane accumulations within coal deposits Keywords: methane bearing capacity, local folding, syncline structures, free methane, reservoir properties.
Identification of fracture zones at the drill sample recovery in the rock mass
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pashchenko Pavlo
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the work was to develop a new method for identifying fracture zones in a coal-rock mass. The main task of the study was to identnify the fracture zones in the studied sector of the mine field and give them a characteristic. The method is based on the collection and processing of information on geological sections for the investigated section of the mine field. Selection of fracture zones is made by core. For the selected stratigraphic interval, the dimensionless fracture factor is calculated for each well, on the basis of which a predictive fracture map of the investigated area is constructed by the interpolation method. The author proposes a new method for identifying of fracture zones in the coal-rock mass, which was compared with the previously approved one. The given research data showed a high convergence of the results. Application of the method will make it possible to promptly and with a certain degree of probability predict fracture zones in a coal-rock massif, all other things being equal. The use of this method will make it possible to predict fracture zones that may be associated with the release of methane into mine workings, spontaneous combustion and a number of other phenomena, which, in turn, can adversely affect the increase of gas content in mining workings, manifestations of rock and coal outbursts during mining the coal bed. Thus, the use of this method will allow to improve safety of work. Keywords: fracturing, well, rock mass, interval, gas release.
Calculation of thermohydraulic effectiveness of the porous once-through water steam generators in laminar flow region with boundary conditions of the first kind
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lukisha Anatolii
Published: January 2023

The paper presents results of calculations of thermohydraulic efficiency of the porous once-through steam generators with water as a model working fluid in the region of the heat-transfer agent laminar motion and with boundary conditions of the first kind. The smooth-wall cylindrical channels with different diameters were used as the reference surfaces to be compared. The following operating and design parameters were taken as a calculation base: temperature of the liquid on the saturation line at entry into the channel was: Tso = 280 °C, 300 °C, 320 °C, 340 °C, 360 °C. Temperature head, i.e. a difference between the wall temperature and temperature of the liquid at entry into the channel was: ΔT=Tw-To = 1 °C; 2 °C; 3 °C; 4 °C; 5 °C. The Reynolds number at entry into the channel was: Reo = 700; 1000; 1200; 1500; 1700; 2000; 2300. The channel porosity was: θ = 0.7; 0.75; 0.8; 0.85; 0.9. The porous material was metal felt with the copper fiber diameter of 200 microns. The channel diameter was: d =3·10-3 m; 4·10-3 m; 5·10-3 m; 6·10-3 m; 7·10-3m; 10·10-3 m. On the basis of the performed computational studies, it was concluded that for the conditions of the same mass flow rates of the coolant, with laminar mode of motion, and the same channel diameters, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in the length of the porous once-through steam generator in comparison with the length of the smooth-wall once-through steam generator; however, under these conditions it is not possible to reduce pressure drop in the channels and, accordingly, to reduce power consumption needed for heat-transfer agent pumping. This computational study also made it possible to establish main regularities in behavior of the energy efficiency coefficients and their dependence on the model operating and design parameters. Keywords: thermo-hydraulic efficiency; porous steam-generating channels; heat-transfer agent, water; boundary conditions of the first kind; laminar flow regime.