bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneously identify right-hand side and lowest coefficient in a parabolic equation
Authors: De Su Ling , Vasilev V. I. , Jiang Tong Song
Published: December 2019

The theory and practice of inverse problem of partial differential equations play an important role in science and engineering applications. This paper deals with the numerical solutions of the inverse problem to simultaneously identify the right-hand and lowest coefficient that dependent on time only in a two dimensional parabolic equation. Backward difference in time and finite element procedure in space are constructed for solving this kind of inverse problem. Based on a special decomposition, the algorithm transforms the original problem into three standard elliptic problems at the new time level. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the ability of the proposed computational algorithm for solving such coefficient inverse problem.
Development and Testing of Microcontroller-Based Learning Media for the Internet of Things Lab Work
Authors: Asnawi R , Nugraha A C , Hertanto D B , Surwi F
Published: December 2019

These days, the Internet of things (commonly abbreviated as IoT) has been applied in various industrial sectors such as manufacturing, health, restaurant, electricity generation, transmission, and distribution, etc. Therefore, IoT learning materials need to be included in the learning process both at the college and high school level. The most common obstacle is the lack of learning media about IoT. This paper reports on the process of developing an IoT laboratory work (lab work) learning media based on the Arduino UNO and NodeMCU microcontroller. Furthermore, this paper also discusses the results of the feasibility test on learning media. The stages of the research are need assessment, planning, development and implementation, and also evaluation. Outcomes of this development process are the Arduino and NodeMCU-based IoT lab work modules, short manuals and lab sheets. Product testing with student respondents shows that the Arduino and NodeMCU-based IoT lab work modules, manuals and lab sheets are considered to be very feasible for use in learning. The test results show students considered this module can increase learning interest and make it easier for them to understand IoT learning materials.
Variations in the Number of Layers and the Number of Neurons in Artificial Neural Networks: Case Study of Pattern Recognition
Authors: Arifin F , Robbani H , Annisa T , Ma’arof N N M I
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the analyst the number of layers and the number of neurons in the hidden layer of the Artificial Neural Network. In this study, case studies were taken in the recognition of alphabet patterns and shape patterns. First, the number of layers is varied to get the best number of layers. Furthermore, the number of neurons is varied to get the best number of neurons. The results showed that the best number of layers was 1-5 layers in the hidden layer, with validation values from the recognition system 96-100%. While the best number of neurons is obtained with 19 neurons, with an average accuracy percentage of 81%.
Development of Learning Media Based on Androidin Basic Algorithm and Programming Course for Students Grade X of Nasional Berbah Vocational High School
Authors: Irfan R , Wulandari A
Published: December 2019

The purpose of research are develop Basic Algorithm and Programming for student grade X of National Berbah Vocational High School Application on Android-based learning media and knowing the feasibility of the Android-based learning media. The research use ADDIE as development model. The result of the development is an Android Application that contains material, sample of program, video, and evaluation on learning and can use for self learning or in class. The product has been tested for feasibility based on the assessment of media experts is 95.34% with the category “Very Feasible”, the assessment of material experts is 88.6% with categories “Very Feasible” and product testing by students with final result feasibility is 82.47% so that the learning media is very feasible to be used in the learning of Basic Algorithm and Programming in grade X of Nasional Berbah Vocational High School.
Real-Time Emotion Recognition System to Monitor Student’s Mood in a Classroom
Authors: Putra W B , Arifin F
Published: December 2019

Depression is a commonly unattended health problem, unbounded by age border, and greatly affecting student’s performance in their study. To prevent it, the writer built a real-time facial emotion recognition system, so the teacher can monitor students’ mood through class activity. The system should be reliable enough when running on mid-end computer specification. The student will be given questionnaire to measure their stress. The questionnaire result will be used to analyze whether the use of the system able to reduce student’s stress or not. The result from the questionnaire shows that the use of the system able to detect student’s mood early so the teacher may minimize student’s stress.
The Effect of Blended Learning Model to Improve the Conceptual Understanding of Computer and Network Engineering Students
Authors: Hawi F M , Sudira P
Published: December 2019

Grounded by students’ lack of conceptual understanding in identifying and comprehending basic concepts of computer network, this quasi-experimental study aims to identify the effect of applying blended learning model toward the improvement of students’ conceptual understanding. It was designed using non-equivalent control group design in which the experimental group and the control group were differently treated using, respectively, blended learning and conventional learning model. There were 58 students selected as the sample of the research; 30 students in experimental class and 28 students in control class. Essay test was chosen to collect the data of the conceptual understanding of the students in both groups. Using MANOVA, the data analysis revealed the significant effect of applying blended learning model toward students’ conceptual understanding with P = 0.000 < 0.05 of significance level. In conclusion, the result of study identified that 1) the students who taught using blended learning model performed better mastery of basic concepts of computer network with the average score was 74.86, valued in high category; 2) there was a significant difference of conceptual understanding improvement between the group taught by applying blended learning and those by conventional learning model in learning basic computer network.
Video-Based Blended Course for Computer Network Learning
Authors: Pambudi S , Surjono H D , Sukardiyono T , Hidayatulloh I
Published: December 2019

This study aims to develop a blended course for computer network courses with video-based teaching materials. This research refers to the development model of Integrated Learning Design Framework. The development of this learning media product is based on a learning plan for a computer network course for one semester. Based on the results of product testing, this blended course is declared “good” and is suitable for learning. Paired sample t-test results show that the product developed is effective in improving student learning outcomes.
Visualization of Multi-Storey Building Visitor Guide Animation By Optimizing Macromedia Flash MX of Action Script Functions and 3D Max Studio (Study: Engineering Faculty Building, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta)
Authors: Yamin M , Faslih A , Yuliansyah H
Published: December 2019

Yogyakarta Muhammadiyah University (UMY) has 7 faculties, divided into 5 zones, namely the north zone, the west zone, the south zone, the east zone, and the middle zone. The Faculty of Engineering (FT-UMY) occupies the north zone. The problem is how one knows the location, position, and function of the room in the building, because every educational institution has many buildings, the shape of the building the same/similar, each building is occupied by many faculties, and has a large number of rooms. The concept of Visualization or Visual Communication Design was used to solve the problem, Visualization or Visual Communication Design is the study of communication concepts and creative expressions, techniques and media to convey messages and ideas visually, such as pictures, audio, video by processing graphic design elements . The Software/Tools used are Macromedia Flash MX and 3D Max Studio by utilizing and creating animation and visualization data base information systems with simple action script commands, generating visitor guide software has input data, namely: 1 faculty button and has 4 search buttons, i.e., find the lecturer button, find a room, search for majors, and find employee button. Has 4 output data consisting of: View (side view, rear view, and front view), path, floor plan, and building.
Digital Self-Learning: Engaging Students in Studying Salat Al-Janazah (The Islamic Funeral Prayer) Based-on Digital Self-Learning
Authors: Wardani R , Husada M J
Published: December 2019

As a part of Muslim society, students have a responsibility in doing Salat Al-Janazah, the ritual of prayer if there is a Muslim died. The ability to perform Salat Al-Janazah is included as part of compulsory subjects in schools. Unfortunately, there are still many students who have difficulty learning this prayer. The difficulty is due to the difference between the Salat Al- Janazah and the obligatory prayers. In addition, the prayer is not performed every day, so it is possible students learn it when in need. This problem can be solved through the technological approach. This research aims to (1) develop a digital self-learning to help the student in learning Salat Al-Janazzah by themselves; (2) Evaluate the quality of the media developed based on ISO/IEC 25010 on functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, and usability aspects. In the media developed, the basic knowledge in learning Salat Al-Janazah will be transformed into digital-based material. By using digital self-learning, students can study in flexibility pattern and learn in comfortable rhythm according to their situation. Testing the quality of all aspects of ISO/IEC 25010 showing the media developed already eligible for use in learning Salat Al-Janazah.
Study on the uplift bearing capacity of belled piles
Authors: Li Gang , Zhang Jinli , Liu Jia
Published: December 2019

In this study, a three-dimensional finite element analysis of the uplift bearing capacity (R) of belled piles is performed using ABAQUS finite element software. The reliability of the numerical calculation is validated. On this basis, the uplift load (P)–displacement (δ) distribution characteristics of the pile shaft under vertical and oblique loadings are analyzed. Additionally, the effects of the elastic modulus (E), cohesion (c) and angle of internal friction (φ) of the soil on the R of the pile shaft are also analyzed. The results show that a vertical P is gradually transferred from the top of a belled pile to its tip. Under a vertical P, the R of a belled pile increases as the E and coefficient of c uniformity (k) of the soil increase and is relatively insignificantly affected by the φ of the soil. Under an oblique P, the R of a belled pile decreases as the inclination (θ) of P increases and increases as the E and φ of the soil increase. As θ increases, the effect of k on the R of a belled pile gradually weakens.
Simulation of hybrid shaking table test of a three-story steel frame based on OpenFresco
Authors: Yan-jun Li , Wei Jiang , Tao-chun Yang
Published: December 2019

The method of remote collaborative experiment is the forward research field of international civil engineering academia. The system of remote collaborative structural experiment based on OpenFresco develops a network protocol platform and integrates numerical simulation and experimental control system to accomplish LAN and internet hybrid test, which has been developed by UC Berkeley. Boundary conditions of experimental elements in OpenFresco are discussed. A three-story steel frame is analyzed using OpenSees and simulation of hybrid shaking table test of a three-story steel frame based on OpenFresco is performed. Comparing with numerical simulation result and tests result, the rationality and reliability of collaborative structural experiments based on OpenFresco is verified. This study provides necessary theoretical supports for real network collaborative structural experiments based on OpenFresco.
Study on Pier Scouring of Qingyi River Bridge in Jingxian County
Authors: Li Shaohua , Cao Guangxue , Wei Song , Zhu Dayong , Tu Wenrui
Published: December 2019

Pier scouring, the main cause of bridge washout, has always been a research topic concerned by scholars both domestic and abroad. By taking the Qingyi River Bridge on Dinghuang Highway in Jingxian County as an example, in this paper, the pier scouring depth calculated by the current equations of Pier Scouring calculation, the results are verified by using the method of generalized model test. It shows that the results of physical model test is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation, which are relatively safe.
Research on atypical evolution characteristics of convex bank of typical bend in lower Jingjiang river under changing environment
Authors: Zhao Zhanchao , Yao Shiming , Tang Feng , Qu Geng , Chen Sihan
Published: December 2019

Since Three Gorges Reservoir was put into operation, the water and sediment conditions have changed significantly, and the lower reach of the project have been adjusted to adapt to this change. The continuous bend of the Jingjiang section of the lower reach of the reservoir (Tiaoguan-Laijiapu) is selected as the research reach. The research methods of prototype data observation and physical model test were carried out, and the continuous erosion evolution and channel shape change characteristics of the reach are analyzed. The results show that the convex bank at the upper of the bend is eroded, the concave bank is deposited, the deep groove is moved to the right, widened and cut down, the deep groove at the lower of the bend is widened and brushed deep, the convex bank at the upper of the Laijiapu bend is scoured, the concave bank gradually deposited, and the deep groove of the whole bend is widened and deep scoured after Three Gorges Reservoir was built and used. The change of runoff conditions after the construction of the reservoir provide dynamic conditions for the continuous scouring of the convex bank. The main factors for the continuous erosion of the convex bank are the substantial reduction of sediment inflow downstream of the dam caused by reservoir sediment interception, sand mining and soil and water conservation. This study is universal and can provide reference for the research on evolution characteristics of the downstream bend reach of other large water conservancy projects.
Local correlation buckling analysis of double lipped channel cold-formed steel column
Authors: Zhang Qingyu , Guo Penggang , Lin Bing , Zhang Pingping , Sun Songfeng
Published: December 2019

In this paper, the double lipped channel cold-formed steel column is analyzed by finite element method. Compared with the code both at home and abroad, convenient and practical design formulas have been figured out. The finite element model in this paper was compared with existing data analysis, and the results show that the model precision can meet the needs of the analysis. Through finite element analysis of double lipped channel cold-formed steel column, we can get the influence of a relative size, the plate width, on the bearing capacity of the local stability. The specification about plate buckling under the influence of the common effect of the different types of adjacent panel has no clear rules. Under even pressure, we get the general calculation formula under certain conditions. The conclusion can be used for reference in the standard revision.
A Non-stationary Random Vibration Analysis of Vehicle-bridge Coupling under Road Surface Coherence Excitation
Authors: Shen Jian , Lang Wu
Published: December 2019

Based on the pseudo excitation method and the uniform excitation input model of road roughness, the 3D vehicle-bridge coupling non-stationary random vibration model of vehicle variable speed driving is established. The effects of vehicle initial velocity and acceleration on the vertical displacement, root mean square value of acceleration and spectrum characteristics of bridge mid-span are studied. Based on the road roughness power spectrum suggested by national standard GB7031, the pseudo excitation method is used to construct a 3D vehicle-bridge coupling random vibration model to study the influence of the spatial effect of the spectrum input excitation on vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, vehicle vibration and the spectrum characteristics of vehicle-bridge system.
“Ant community”: Community complex sustainable design based on design bionics—Case study of the Can Batlló community in Barcelona
Authors: Xu Liang , Liao Qipeng , Liu Yuqi , Rosselló Miquel Planas , Wang Linlin
Published: December 2019

Based on design bionics, this article attempts to explore a new community model that integrates the urban community life with the natural environment. This paper creatively proposes the concept of “Ant Community” and exploringly applies it to the design practice case of Barcelona Can Batlló textile mill. “Anthe community”, the association of human community life with ant colony, emphasizes the study of the high socialization activities of ant colony and the shaping of their internal functional structure to construct a humanized community complex framework with high tolerance, and the study of the ecological structure of ant nest to research how to construct pleasant microclimate in high-density urban residential areas to optimize the urban community environment. The aim is to transform the Can Batlló textile mill into a vibrant and green community complex that provides both the ecological and urban care of the urban community environment.
Experimental Study on Carbonation Behavior of Waste Fiber Recycled Concrete
Authors: Jianchao Wang , Ziming Qiu , Jiawei Lu , Jinghai Zhou
Published: December 2019

Based on the rapid carbonization test process of concrete, this paper studies and analyzes the influence of water-cement ratio, recycled aggregate content, fiber length and fiber content on the carbonation rule change of waste fiber recycled concrete. The results show that the depth of carbonization increases with the increase of water-cement ratio. With the increase of the replacement rate of recycled aggregate, the carbonation depth increases. The carbonation depth decreases with the increase of fiber length. As the proportion of waste fiber content increases, the carbonation depth does not change monotonously. The best content is 0.12%.
Characteristics and Genesis of Loess High Slope on the West Side of Shuiliandong Colliery in Binxian County
Authors: Dong Xiukun , Li Xiugang
Published: December 2019

The loess high-slope on the west side of water curtain cave colliery is an old landslide debris back-wall. There is an old landslide debris deposit at bottom of the slope. Surface water can infiltrate into the slope through loess uprightness joints and cranny. The groundwater flow gradually causes the formation of water cavities in the upper slope region. The slope further has loess stratification, obliquity (from 5° to 10°) and paleosols place. Surface water infiltrates into paleosols and induce water cavity exit with the top water cavity transfixion. The paleosols ideally prevents water. The loess stratification leans to ravine. The slope is unstable and will fail under the action of precipitations.
Effect of hydrate saturation on the shear bands of methane hydrate-bearing sediments based on the DEM simulation
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhou Bo , Xue Shifeng
Published: December 2019

As the most important strategic resource, Methane hydrate (MH) that is an ice-like clathrate crystalline compound has been paid more and more attention by more and more scientists and researchers. In order to investigate mechanical behaviors and the mechanism of the progressive failure of methane hydrate-bearing sediments, in this paper, a new sample preparation technique is developed to better simulate the microstructure of hydrate-bearing sediments. Then a series of biaxial compression tests are conducted to investigate the mechanical behaviors and strain localization of hydrate-bearing sediments. The results show that as methane hydrate saturation increases, the strength and stiffness of the methane hydrate-bearing sediments increase and the trend of volumetric dilation is becoming more and more obvious. Methane hydrate saturation has a great influence on the properties of shear bands.
Study on Preparation of Ultra-high Strength and High Performance Concrete From Diatomite and Its Mechanical Properties
Authors: Du Wenqi
Published: December 2019

High performance concrete plays an important role in national construction. It is found that diatomite as admixture after calcination and grinding can significantly improve the strength, fluidity, pumpability and durability of concrete. In this paper, the preparation and mechanical properties of high performance concrete (HPC) using calcined and ultrafine crushed diatomite as mineral admixture instead of partial cement (single admixture) and silica fume and fly ash as admixture instead of partial cement (double admixture) were studied.
Dynamic protection and development research of Yangzhou traditional Garden leading by the Grand Canal culture
Authors: Guijie Song , Xiaoxia Guang
Published: December 2019

In this globalized world, the regional characteristics and diversity of culture began to weaken. Traditional garden as a carrier manifestation directly has link with regional culture, it plays an important role of regional culture. Yangzhou provides favorable conditions to reform and develop gardens because of its unique landscape formation and developed region’s salt merchants economic. Yangzhou is developing with the Grand Canal, so that Yangzhou Gardens have direct link to the Grand Canal, where holds distinct regional characteristics. After being listed in the “World Heritage”, Yangzhou traditional gardens become an important part of dynamic culture heritage. This paper describes the impact of Grand Canal culture to the formation of Yangzhou traditional garden with the canal ecological corridor culture as the axis, the “Dynamic” protection for the core. At the same time, with point, line, surface combined to construct traditional garden protection system, to explore new ideas of inheritance and development of traditional gardens.
Preliminary study on runoff analysis of karst landforms in Yunnan Province
Authors: Wen Weichao , Lin Hong , Jiang Rucheng , Gu Shixiang
Published: December 2019

Runoff calculation in non-closed watersheds with no data area is a common problem encountered in the construction of water conservancy projects in our province. Judging from non-closed watersheds to runoff and flood analysis in non-closed watersheds has been a problem for operators. In this paper, based on the common problems in the hydrological calculation of the data-free karst area, the method of judging the non-closed watershed and the treatment of some problems in the actual runoff calculation are proposed. The estimated runoff results are also basically in line with local conditions.
Research on the Impacts of Warming Rate on Drought-flood in Huang-huai-hai River Basin of China
Authors: Yuan Zhe , Gao Zhiyang , Yin Jun , Xu Jijun
Published: December 2019

In this study, the sequential Mann-Kendall and Yamamoto test analysis are used to determine abrupt changes in temperature in Huang-huai-hai River Basin, while time series analysis via the traditional Mann-Kendall test and linear regression analysis for the different period is used to identify the basic trend of temperature. The results suggest that the temperature data can be divided into three periods: 1961-1985, 1986-1995 and 1996-2011. The slope of annual temperature during 1961-1985, 1986-1995 and 1996-2011 were -0.07°C(10yr)−1, 0.40°C(10yr)−1 and 0.04°C(10yr)−1 respectively. These three stages were defined as follows: Stage A (low temperature with no significant change), Stage B (sharp increase of temperature) and Stage C (stagnation of temperature increase). The drought/wet magnitude was assessed based on China-Z index and the area of drought/wet was calculated. The relationship between drought/wet area and temperature during the three stages was then analyzed and compared. The results showed that: during Stage A (low temperature with no significant change), flood area is comparatively big and drought area is small, but with acute interannual variation; during Stage B (sharp increase of temperature), flood area decreased but the drought area still increased; during Stage C (stagnation of temperature increase), flood area and drought area both had big interannual variation.
Hydrological Forecasting Real-time Adjustment Technique
Authors: Song Yu , Wang Hongrui , Yan Jiawei
Published: December 2019

The parameters of flood forecasting model are optimized in the information of the previous data. It will cause the forecast result deviate from reality when the job forecasts. If we select the appropriate real-time correction, we can use the error message of the reservoir flood forecast model. In this paper, we use the modern stochastic system theory, combine with the real-time adjustment technology of the modern stochastic system theory. The real-time adjustment model is applied to the reservoir flood forecasting project, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of flood forecasting.
Effects of plastic film in a loosed powder form of sample preparation on elemental analysis by portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer
Authors: Nuchdang S , Patthaveekongka W , Rattanaphra D
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research was to study the effects of plastic film types and film thickness on elemental analysis by portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF). Mylar polyester film with 3.6 μm and 6.0 μm thickness, and 4.0 μm Prolene thin film were used in this study. Five rock samples were prepared by loosed powder method. The pXRF analysis of each plastic films was calibrated and evaluated the method with seven reference materials. The calibrated curves of three films were strongly correlated to referenced values (R2 > 0.95) for Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, Si, Sr, Th, Ti, V, Y, Zn and Zr, except for Cu, Nb, Ni, P, U, V and W. The results showed that the pXRF could be used to determine some elements in rock samples and the thickness and types of the analyzed film influenced on the analysis. The element determination using each film required the developed method by calibration curve construction (linear regression of measured values obtained by the pXRF instrument against their certified values). In addition, the results after the recalibration of each film (both Prolene thin film and Mylar polyester film) agreed well.
Application of handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for major element analysis and characterization of geological samples in Southern Thailand
Authors: Nuchdang S , Channuie J , Leelanupat O , Rattanaphra D
Published: December 2019

The handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (hXRF) was applied to major element analysis in the geological samples and the results were compared with the results of the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF). In addition, the analytical compositions were confirmed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). In the case of pXRF analysis, eight geological reference materials were used to calibrate the analytical method and four known concentration samples were used to prove the method. In research, ten geological samples from Phuket province, Thailand were collected with different depths corresponding to O horizon (0-0.1 m), A horizon (0.1-0.3 m), B1 horizon (0.3-1.0 m), B2 horizon (1.0-2.0 m), C1 horizon (2.0-3.0 m), C2A horizon (3.0-5.0 m), C2B horizon (5.0-8.0 m), C3 horizon (8.0-12.0 m), D horizon (12.0-20.0 m) and RK horizon (> 20.0 m). The elemental analysis results showed that the pXRF results were matched well with that WDXRF results. The concentration range in ten samples were Si (18-22 wt%), Al (12-15 wt%), Fe (1-4 wt%), K (0.4-3.2 wt%) and Ti (0.2-0.4 wt%). The concentration of some elements such as Ca and Mg on those ten samples are low and they are unable to analysed by hXRF. The XRD patterns revealed that all samples consisted of quartz, kaolinite, halloysite, illite, vermiculite and biotite.
Effects of the combinations of 6 materials on the improvements in contaminant removals from surface water: purification mechanisms and adsorption kinetics
Authors: Zhao ZM , Wang ZF , Cheng MY , Zhang YJ
Published: December 2019

The study aims to improve the pollution control and eutrophication reduction in surface water by adding various materials and explore corresponding purification mechanisms. Methods: Six materials (H2O2, NaClO, persulfate, polyacrylamide, zeolite, and montmorillonite) were added into surface water. Different dosage combinations and treatment periods were arranged in the experiments. After the treatment, the contaminant removal performance was determined the water quality and toxic effects were analyzed. Results: The optimal dosages of the 6 materials were experimentally confirmed as follows: 0.3 mg/L H2O2, 0.03 mg/L NaClO, 5 g/L persulfate, 0.4 mg/L polyacrylamide, 20 mg/L zeolite, and 10 mg/L montmorillonite. The purification mechanisms involve chemical reactions and material adsorption. Conclusion: The combination of the 6 materials can be applied in surface water treatment as a green option.
Microbial production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from rubber seed oil using Cupriavidus necator H16
Authors: Reddy Prasad D.M. , Pendyala Rajashekhar , Senthilkumar R , Azri Mohammad Hazwan Bin
Published: December 2019

Rubber seed oil is inedible plant oil that is a potential replacement for the traditional organic building blocks used in PHB biosynthesis. Herein we describe the biosynthesis of PHB by Cupriavidus necator H16 grown in media with rubber seed oil and urea serving as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The method was optimized over a temperature range of 30-50 °C for batch culture studies. A maximized PHB concentration of 15.4 g/L, and dry well weight of 19.2 g/L was obtained using 20 g/L of rubber seed oil at 30°C. Experimental results were used to generate a logistic curve, and the Luedeking-Piret model was implemented to predict the specific growth rate of C. necator at 0.1898 1/h. The estimated rate constants were in good agreement with experimental values. This study demonstrated that rubber seed oil is a viable alternative to conventional carbon sources for the production of PHB using C.necator H16.
Methodology of methane emission accounting in petrochemical and chemical industries of China
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Yujue , Chang Yanrui , Duan Duoduo , Liu Xuezhi
Published: December 2019

Nowadays, the whole greenhouse effect is becoming more and more serious. It is the common mission of mankind to curb global warming. As the world’s second largest greenhouse gas (GHG), the warming potential caused by methane (CH4) is not negligible, so it is imperative to calculate and reduce its emissions. For the lack of CH4 accounting methodology in China’s petrochemical and chemical industries, this paper proposes a CH4 accounting methodology based on the enterprise’s accounting boundary. Emission sources include CH4 emissions from fuel combustion., CH4 emissions from flare gas combustion, CH4 emissions from escape, CH4 emissions from anaerobic treatment of sewage, CH4 emissions from accidental venting. The research results are an important exploration for the accurate measurement of CH4 emissions from enterprises in China’s petrochemical and chemical industries, and also complement the research on China’s greenhouse gas accounting methodology.
Early warning system through sustainability livelihoods approach for volcanic disaster management
Authors: Dewanti D S , Ayuwat D , Yongvanit S
Published: December 2019

The main objective of this study is to analyse the early warning system of volcanic disaster management through sustainable livelihoods approach. The early warning system is the most important phase on disaster management as to reduce the risk of hazard during the eruption appear. Active volcano in Indonesia has been spread since it is located in the ring of fire. This study uses sequential mixed methodology, start with qualitative-quantitative methodology. The study area are Mt. Slamet and Mt. Merapi where located in Java island. The first phase of the research uses exploratory qualitative methodology to identify the term of indicators for Sustainability Livelihoods Approach (SLA), hereafter quantitative is to calculate the path of each variable supported to volcanic disaster management. The qualitative approach took 31 key informants spread in two village surround Mt. Slamet and 19 key informants spread in two village surround Mt. Merapi. The sample of quantitative research on Mt. Slamet is 538 respondents and 137 respondents in Mt. Merapi. SLA is supported to the early warning system. Household networking for social capital directly effect to early warning phase both volcanoes. Nevertheless, human capital, natural capital, physical capital and financial capital is indirectly effect to early warning capacities through transformation of process and structure.
Ground water quality in natural forest and private forest (a case study in catchment area of lake Rawapening, Semarang District Central Java)
Authors: Murtiono U H , Wuryanta A
Published: December 2019

The availability and especially the quality of water are strongly influenced by forests (natural and private forest) and depend on proper forest management. Research location is in the catchment area of Lake Rawapening. The objective of this study was to identify groundwater quality in the area of natural forests (NF) and private forests (PF). Distribution and extent of both natural and private forests can be obtained from Indonesia Topographic Map, scale of 1:25,000 produced in the year of 2001 and updated with SPOT 2 image recorded in July 5th 2006. Groundwater samples were taken from natural and private forest as many as 3 samples. All the samples were taken during the dry and rainy season. Total amount of the samples were 12 and were analyzed in the laboratory of hydrology. The quality of groundwater is determined based on the regulation of the Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010. The results indicated that water samples from natural forests (NF1, NF2 and NF3) and private forests (PF1, PF2 and PF3) can be categorized as qualify for drinking water.
Selective laser melted Fe-Mn bone scaffold: microstructure, corrosion behavior and cell response
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Yang Wenjing , Yang Youwen , Pan Hao , He Chongxian , Qi Fangwei , Xie Deqiao , Liang Huixin
Published: December 2019

Iron metal possesses good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical strength, though it degrades too slowly. In this work, selective laser melting (SLM) was applied to fabricate iron-manganese (Fe-Mn) biodegradable scaffold. Results shown Fe-Mn scaffold exhibited a uniform pore structure with a porosity of 66.72 ± 2.3%, which highly matched with as-designed model. Phase analysis revealed Fe-Mn scaffold mainly contained α-Fe, martensitic and austenitic phases. Due to the potential difference among these different phases, galvanic corrosion occurred in Fe matrix. In addition, a small amount of Mn distributed at grain boundaries also contributed to the formation of galvanic corrosion. Thus, the corrosion rate increased from 0.09 ± 0.02 mm/year to 0.23 ± 0.05 mm/year. The scaffold exhibited suitable mechanical properties with a yield strength of 137 ± 8.4 MPa, an ultimate strength of 221.7 ± 10.9 MPa. Moreover, cell assays demonstrated its good cytocompatibility. Taking these positive results into consideration, SLM processed Fe-Mn scaffold was a promising material for bone repair application.
Effects of pressure and substrate temperature on the growth of Al-doped ZnO films by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Kek Reeson , Tan Kwan-Chu , Nee Chen Hon , Yap Seong Ling , Koh Song Foo , Arof Abdul Kariem Bin Hj Mohd , Tou Teck Yong , Yap Seong Shan
Published: December 2019

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on p-Si (100) by pulsed laser deposition from a composite ceramic target (ZnO:Al2O3) by using 355 nm laser at different O2 background pressure and substrate temperature. Upon ablation at laser fluence of 2 Jcm−2, plasma plume consists of Zn neutrals and ions, Al neutrals and O neutral are formed. As the O2 background pressure increases from 3 Pa to 26 Pa, the energy of the plasma species are moderated. The results show that the ions density and velocity reduced significantly above 13 Pa. The velocity of the ions reduced from 14 kms−1 to 11 kms−1 at 13 Pa, while the ions energy reduced from 63 eV to 42 eV respectively. Below 13 Pa, crystalline and homogeneous AZO nanostructured films were formed. Above 13 Pa, the process results in low crystallinity films with higher porosity. The resistivity of the films also increases from 0.1 ohmcm to 24 ohmcm as the pressure increased. At fixed O2 background pressure of 3 Pa, the adatom mobility of atoms on the substrates is altered by substrate heating. The resistivity of the films decreased to 10–3 ohmcm when the substrates are heated to 100 °C–300 °C during deposition. The films with highest carrier density of 1020 cm−3 and carrier mobility of 13 cmV−1 s−1 are achieved at 200 °C.
Theoretical investigation of electronic bandgaps of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes using semi-empirical self-consistent tight binding and ab-inito density functional methods
Authors: Niranjan Manish K
Published: December 2019

We perform a comprehensive theoretical study of electronic band gaps of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with different sets of chiral indices using semi-empirical tight binding and density functional (DFT) based ab-initio methods. In particular, self-consistent extended Huckel (EH-SCF) and self-consistent Slater Koster (SK-SCF) tight binding models are used as semi-empirical methods, whereas the DFT based LDA-1/2 and Tran-Blaha (TB09) meta-GGA schemes are used as ab-initio methods. The calculations are performed for 1) (n, m) chiral SWNTs for which experimental optical gaps have been reported 2) (9, 0), (12, 0) and (15, 0) ‘metallic’ zigzag SWNTs for which small bad gaps have been reported 3) Pairs of SWNTs having same diameters but different chiral angles 4) (n, 0) zigzag SWNTs with

10
≤
n
≤
30
.

From the comparison of bands gaps of tubes with same diameter, the electronic band gaps are found to vary with chiral angles with opposing trend as compared to that reported for experimental optical band gaps. This result may be expected to have important implications for self-energy corrections and/or exciton binding energies and their dependence on chiral angles. The hopping parameter

γ

0

obtained from fitting EH-SCF and SK-SCF bandgap data, is found to be in good agreement with that obtained from fitting experimental data. In general, the band gap values of SWNTs computed using semi-empirical EH-SCF and SK-SCF methods are quite close (within ∼ 5%) to those computed using DFT-based LDA-1/2 and TB09 meta-GGA methods. The results suggest that self-consistent semi-empirical methods can be expected to provide similar accuracy in results as that expected from more computationally challenging ab-intio DFT based LDA-1/2 and TB09 meta-GGA methods.
Low-power-consumption organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Duan Yiwei , Zhang Bowen , Zou Shizan , Fang Chuqi , Wang Qijing , Shi Yi , Li Yun
Published: December 2019

At present, the electrical performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) has reached the level of commercial amorphous silicon. OFETs show considerable application potential in artificial intelligence, deep learning algorithms, and artificial skin sensors. The devices which can operate with high performance and low power consumption are needed for these applications. The recent energy-related improvement to realize low-power consumption OFETs were reviewed, including minimizing operating voltage, reducing subthreshold swing, and decreasing contact resistance. In this review, we demonstrate breakthroughs in materials and methods to decrease power consumption, providing a promising avenue toward low-power consumption organic electronics.
Why do older workers with chronic health conditions prefer to retire early?
Authors: Vanajan Anushiya , Bültmann Ute , Henkens Kène
Published: December 2019

Background

older workers experiencing chronic health conditions (CHCs) are more likely to retire early. The different pathways through which CHCs stimulate retirement preferences, however, remain largely unexplored.

Objective

we present a more comprehensive model in which we test the different pathways through which four specific CHCs—arthritis, cardiovascular disease, sleep disorders and psychological disorders—influence early retirement preferences. We hypothesize that the association between CHCs and early retirement preferences is differentially mediated by subjective life expectancy (SLE), perceived health-related work limitations (HRWL) and vitality.

Methods

we collected data from 5,696 wage-employed older workers (60 to 64 years) in the Netherlands in 2015. Regression models were estimated to examine the associations between CHCs and early retirement preferences. Mediation analysis with the Karlson, Holm and Breen method was used to examine potential mediation pathways.

Results

SLE, HRWL and vitality mediated the association between CHCs and older workers’ early retirement preferences. The dominant mediator differed depending on the CHC. Severe HRWL predominantly guided the retirement preferences of older workers with arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Lower vitality mainly mediated retirement preferences of older workers with sleep and psychological disorders. Lower SLE was a significant mediation pathway for older workers with cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions

HRWL and vitality play a major role in determining retirement preferences of older workers experiencing CHCs. Since both mediators are modifiable, targeted interventions may not only extend older workers’ working lives, but also improve the quality of their working lives.
Latitudinal variation in seed predation correlates with latitudinal variation in seed defensive and nutritional traits in a widespread oak species
Authors: Moreira Xoaquín , Abdala-Roberts Luis , Bruun Hans Henrik , Covelo Felisa , De Frenne Pieter , Galmán Andrea , Gaytán Álvaro , Jaatinen Raimo , Pulkkinen Pertti , Ten Hoopen Jan P J G , Timmermans Bart G H , Tack Ayco J M , Castagneyrol Bastien
Published: December 2019

Background and Aims

Classic theory on geographical gradients in plant–herbivore interactions assumes that herbivore pressure and plant defences increase towards warmer and more stable climates found at lower latitudes. However, the generality of these expectations has been recently called into question by conflicting empirical evidence. One possible explanation for this ambiguity is that most studies have reported on patterns of either herbivory or plant defences whereas few have measured both, thus preventing a full understanding of the implications of observed patterns for plant–herbivore interactions. In addition, studies have typically not measured climatic factors affecting plant–herbivore interactions, despite their expected influence on plant and herbivore traits.

Methods

Here we tested for latitudinal variation in insect seed predation and seed traits putatively associated with insect attack across 36 Quercus robur populations distributed along a 20° latitudinal gradient. We then further investigated the associations between climatic factors, seed traits and seed predation to test for climate-based mechanisms of latitudinal variation in seed predation.

Key Results

We found strong but contrasting latitudinal clines in seed predation and seed traits, whereby seed predation increased whereas seed phenolics and phosphorus decreased towards lower latitudes. We also found a strong direct association between temperature and seed predation, with the latter increasing towards warmer climates. In addition, temperature was negatively associated with seed traits, with populations at warmer sites having lower levels of total phenolics and phosphorus. In turn, these negative associations between temperature and seed traits led to a positive indirect association between temperature and seed predation.

Conclusions

These results help unravel how plant–herbivore interactions play out along latitudinal gradients and expose the role of climate in driving these outcomes through its dual effects on plant defences and herbivores. Accordingly, this emphasizes the need to account for abiotic variation while testing concurrently for latitudinal variation in plant traits and herbivore pressure.
iMIRAGE: an R package to impute microRNA expression using protein-coding genes
Authors: Nath Aritro , Chang Jeremy , Huang R Stephanie
Published: December 2019

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Due to challenges in accurate profiling of small RNAs, a vast majority of public transcriptome datasets lack reliable miRNA profiles. However, the biological consequence of miRNA activity in the form of altered protein-coding gene (PCG) expression can be captured using machine-learning algorithms. Here, we present iMIRAGE (imputed miRNA activity from gene expression), a convenient tool to predict miRNA expression using PCG expression of the test datasets. The iMIRAGE package provides an integrated workflow for normalization and transformation of miRNA and PCG expression data, along with the option to utilize predicted miRNA targets to impute miRNA activity from independent test PCG datasets.

Availability and implementation

The iMIRAGE package for R, along with package documentation and vignette, is available at https://aritronath.github.io/iMIRAGE/index.html.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.