bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancing Image Synthesis: Methods and Applications of Latent Diffusion Models
Authors: Chakraborty Soumika
Published: December 2024

Diffusion models (DMs) have revolutionized the field of generative modelling, delivering exceptional results in tasks
such as image synthesis, inpainting, and super-resolution. Despite their success, the reliance on pixel-space processing in these
models has imposed substantial computational challenges, requiring hundreds of GPU days for training and significant
resources for inference. In this work, we introduce Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs), an innovative framework that addresses
these limitations by operating within a perceptually compressed latent space derived from a pretrained autoencoder. This
paradigm shift significantly reduces the computational complexity of both training and inference while maintaining the high
fidelity and diversity of the generated outputs. LDMs leverage a two-stage approach: a pretrained autoencoder for efficient
latent-space representation and a diffusion model trained directly within this space. By introducing cross-attention layers into
the architecture, LDMs also support flexible conditioning on various modalities such as text descriptions, semantic maps, or lowresolution images. This versatility enables the model to perform a range of tasks, including text-to-image generation, classconditional image synthesis, and high-resolution super-resolution. Our experiments demonstrate that LDMs achieve competitive
or state-of-the-art performance across multiple benchmarks, including CelebA-HQ, ImageNet, and MS-COCO, while requiring
significantly fewer computational resources than pixel-space diffusion models. For instance, LDMs reduce training time by up
to 2.7× and inference memory requirements by 50%, all while improving sample quality. This work highlights the potential of
latent-space generative models to democratize access to advanced generative AI technologies, making them feasible for
researchers and practitioners with limited computational resources. At the same time, we discuss the ethical considerations of
using such models, including their potential misuse for creating manipulated content. Latent Diffusion Models pave the way for
efficient, scalable, and high-quality image synthesis, providing a robust foundation for future advancements in generative
modelling.
Integrated Cultural-Educational Branding: An Innovative Strategies for Building a Sustainable Image in Islamic Primary School
Authors: Edy Sarwo , Fauzi Syahrul , Nenda  , Muhammad Zaini El Wahyu
Published: December 2024

The emergence of educational institutions shows the concern of society and government. The presence of new educational institutions with their respective advantages and uniqueness will add to the image and characteristics possessed by these educational institutions. In addition, there is very tight competition between educational institutions with each other. Educational institutions should have the right strategy. This study aims to analyze the role of cultural integration in branding strategies specific to Islamic primary education at the Islamic Association of Banjarsari Islamic Community Madrasah, Ciamis and findings that demonstrate how culturally relevant branding has positively impacted stakeholder engagement, student enrollment, and community trust. This study uses a qualitative approach to explorative analysis in natural settings. Data collection techniques by way of observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants included 1 head of Madrasah, 6 educators and educational staff, and 3 guardians of students. Data analysis techniques by means of transcripts, coding, grouping, comparing, and contrasting. Test the validity (verification) of the data is done by using triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study show: first, the strategy used to introduce the institution to the public is the existence of attributes on the brand, then the brand provides benefits to all stakeholders, the brand has values, culture, and reflects personality, and the brand gives an impression to service users. Second, the public's attraction to MI PUI Kaum is due to the strength of the brand (brand strength), trying to make the brand the first choice (brand favorability), and creating uniqueness in educational institutions that are not owned by equivalent institutions (brand uniqueness). Third, the implication in efforts to build a brand image at MI PUI Kaum is an increase in the number of students every year, there are contributions to development funds obtained from government agencies, the community, and alumni, increasing public trust in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Persatuan Umat Islam Kaum Banjarsari.
The effectiveness of BRADeR learning model to improve junior high school students' science literacy abilities
Authors: Simamora Aprido , Manalu Andriono , Simamora Rianita
Published: December 2024

The BRADeR learning model is an innovative model developed to help teachers train students' scientific literacy skills. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the BRADeR learning model in improving junior high school students' scientific literacy skills. This research is included in the type of quasi-experimental research. The research design used is quantitative research using descriptive methods (descriptive-quantitative). The subjects of this research were seventh class students at State Junior High School 5 of Pematangsiantar. Data collection techniques are in the form of tests, and the data analysis process uses descriptive quantitative-qualitative and n-gain. The results of the research show that the BRADeR learning model is effective, in terms of: a) its influence on the scientific literacy abilities of junior high school students, where: (1) n-gain in the scientific literacy abilities of junior high school students is in the medium to high category, and (2) there is an increase in literacy abilities science junior high school students. From the research results, it can be concluded that the BRADeR learning model is effective in improving junior high school students' scientific literacy skills. Other researchers can strengthen research in this area, expand its scope, and ensure that the learning models developed can be applied more effectively and are relevant to broader contexts.
ANALYSIS OF THE ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICS APPLICATION AND ITS URGENCY IN BUSINESS UNITS OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
Authors: Azwar Azwar , Mulyawan Andi Wawan , Usman Abur Hamdi
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the application of Islamic business ethics in community organization business units and their urgency for the continuity of these business units, based on the perceptions of the actors and consumers, by taking case studies of business units within the DPP Wahdah Islamiyah in Makassar City. This research is field research using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The research results show that Islamic business ethics, in the form of monotheism, justice, trust, and benevolence, have generally been applied to business units within the Wahdah Islamiyah DPP in Makassar City. Apart from that, the Islamic business ethics that have been implemented have great urgency in the management and service of business units, including as a factor that can bring blessings, create a work environment that is fair, inclusive, dignified, and in accordance with Islamic law, increase customer trust, and other parties so as to provide benefits to the company, improve, and provide excellent service to all parties because these ethics can support business management in accordance with company service guidelines, SOPs, and agreed rules.
Keywords: Ethics, Business, Islam, Wahdah Islamiyah
Prevalencia de Candida auris en departamentos de Colombia durante la vigilancia por el laboratorio (2018-2021)
Authors: Noguera María Clara , Orozco Shelly , Lizarazo Diana , Escandón Patricia
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Candida auris es una levadura emergente, multirresistente relacionada con infecciones invasivas en centros de atención en salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la prevalencia de C. auris en Colombia (2018-2021). Materiales y Métodos: Se recopilaron datos de aislamientos clínicos sospechosos de C. auris de pacientes con infección fúngica invasiva, y su confirmación fue posible mediante MALDI TOF MS o PCR. Se estudió la susceptibilidad antifúngica siguiendo parámetros del CLSI y se determinó la sensibilidad a anfotericina B,  fluconazol, voriconazol y anidulafungina. Resultados: De 1143 aislamientos sospechosos de C. auris, recibidos principalmente de la Región Caribe y Región Andina, un 56% (640) se confirmaron como C. auris mientras que en 44% (503) se identificaron otras levaduras; hubo mayor frecuencia de casos entre 19 y 60 años; se identificaron 189 casos de infección por SARS CoV 2 y C. auris en los dos últimos años. La susceptibilidad antifúngica de 820 aislamientos mostró resistencia a alguno de éstos en 760, así como la presencia de resistencia simultánea a dos clases de antifúngicos en 150. Discusión: Se observó aumento de la participación de las entidades territoriales, sugiriendo mayor sensibilización de los profesionales para sospechar de este patógeno y reportarlo. A pesar de la resistencia observada a ciertos antifúngicos, los aislamientos no mostraron una multirresistencia preocupante, lo que permite pensar que aún existen opciones terapéuticas para el control de las infecciones causadas por esta levadura en el país.
Islamic Tolerance in Theory and Practice: Insights from Hadiths and Contemporary Relevance
Authors: Zaini Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Tolerance is a fundamental principle in Islam that fosters social harmony within diverse societies. This study examines the concept of tolerance in Islam by focusing on the traditions (hadiths) of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and its implementation in social life. Employing a thematic (maudhū’i) approach, the research explores various dimensions of tolerance, including universal brotherhood, tolerance in mu’amalah (socio-economic interactions), respect for religious differences, and self-tolerance. The findings reveal that tolerance in Islam is not merely about accepting diversity but also reflects principles of compassion, justice, and moderation within the framework of Islamic law (sharia). Prophet Muhammad serves as a primary model in practicing tolerance, evident in his interactions and policies that upheld the rights of individuals and groups, including non-Muslims. This study underscores the relevance of Islamic tolerance in addressing the challenges of contemporary multicultural societies, offering a foundation for building harmonious relationships amidst diversity.
“Woman Surau” Maria Kubtiah’s Work in Building Punjung Island Aisyiah Organization 1946-1995
Authors: Rezi Oktania  , Fansuri Mursal Irhas , Wita Gusmira
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze development of surau which was originally a traditional educational institution, where Bumiputra children learn traditional norms, ethics, manners and the Islamic religion. In Minangkabau tradition, boys who have reached puberty are prohibited from sleeping in the Rumah Gadang. Traditional surau education was reformed into a madrasa at the beginning of the 20th century. Interestingly, on Punjung Island there is a surau driven by "women" which is the basis for the birth and development of the Aisyiah organization. The research method uses historical research methods consisting of four stages, namely: Heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of the research reveal Maria Khubtiah's contribution to advancing Islamic religious education on Punjung Island from 1942-1995. Traditional surau education was reformed into a madrasa at the beginning of the 20th century. The surau underwent renewal to become a semi-modern educational model. Maria Kubtiah is a figure who utilizes the function of the Surau and the 'Aisyiyah Organization as a forum for the Islamic Education movement. Maria Kubtiah is recognized by the community as a figure mobilizing women and a religious education figure in the Punjung Island community. Maria Kubtiah also served as an educator at the Muhammadiyah School from 1946-1970. In establishing the 'Aisyiyah Girls' Dormitory, Maria Kubtiah was appointed as the first girls' dormitory supervisor in 1964-1965. After PRRI, Maria Kubtiah founded a school at the Jambak surau as an effort to provide an alternative educational platform because the community education situation was chaotic due to the PRRI upheaval. He continued to struggle through critical times and became Leader of the Aisyiah Punjung Island Branch from 1950-1995.
KEANEKARAGAMAN BURUNG DI KAWASAN MANGROVE KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Ahadi Rizky , Zuraidah Zuraidah , Ernilasari Ernilasari
Published: December 2024

Birds, as natural inhabitants of mangrove areas, play an important role in maintaining the stability of the ecosystem and its components. This research aims to determine the species diversity index of birds in the mangrove ecosystem of Banda Aceh City. The method used is an exploratory survey, conducting direct observations at each research location using purposive sampling. Field data collection was carried out in May 2022. Birds diversity data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener Index. The results identified 17 bird species from 11 families, with the birds species diversity index in the mangrove ecosystem of Banda Aceh City falling into the moderate category (H’ = 1.99). These findings indicate that the mangrove ecosystem in Banda Aceh has significant potential in supporting biodiversity, which is crucial for further management and conservation efforts.
Czynniki wpływające na brak zakupu ubezpieczeń rolnych na przykładzie powiatu wągrowieckiego
Authors: Beba Patrycja , Jezierska Julita
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu była identyfikacja kluczowych czynników wpływających na brak ochrony ubezpieczeniowej w gospodarstwach rolnych. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w grupie rolników z powiatu wągrowieckiego. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że rolnicy często ograniczają zakres ochrony ubezpieczeniowej gospodarstwa do niezbędnego minimum, a decyzja o zakupie odpowiedniej polisy jest uwarunkowana wieloma czynnikami. W zależności od rodzaju ubezpieczenia głównymi czynnikami determinującymi brak zakupu polisy są złe doświadczenia z zakładami ubezpieczeniowymi, zbyt wysoka składka ubezpieczeniowa, zbyt niskie odszkodowanie czy po prostu przekonanie, że polisa jest niepotrzebna.
Cele zrównoważonego rozwoju w dobrych praktykach CSR przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Authors: Bobola Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

Zrównoważony rozwój i społeczna odpowiedzialność przedsiębiorstwa (CSR) coraz częściej wywierają wpływ na podejmowanie działań przez praktyków biznesu, którzy chcąc wyróżnić się na rynku, poszukują pozamaterialnych przewag konkurencyjnych. Wobec powyższego celem podjętych rozważań stało się ukazanie praktycznego podejścia przedsię-biorców prowadzących działalność gospodarczą w Polsce do obszarów realizowanych praktyk CSR oraz identyfikacja celów zrównoważonego rozwoju, w które włączają się przedsiębiorcy. Wnioski z przeprowadzonych rozważań wskazują, że w latach 2016-2023 przedsiębiorstwa najczęściej wdrażały dobre praktyki CSR w obszarach zaangażowania społecznego, pracowni¬ków oraz środowiska. Najczęstszymi celami zintegrowanymi z tymi praktykami CSR były: cel 3. – dobre zdrowie i dobrostan, cel 4. – wysokiej jakości edukacja oraz cel 8. – godna praca i wzrost gospodarczy.
The use of Artificial Intelligence in the restaurant business
Authors: Fedosova Kateryna , Katunian Alina
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) is applied in the restaurant industry, particularly in enhancing operational efficiency, personalizing customer interactions, and predicting demand. Using qualitative methods, interviews were conducted with industry experts in Odesa, Ukraine, including professionals from major chains and a case study with a Ukrainian chef. Findings revealed that global brands like McDonald’s, Starbucks, and Marriott use AI for demand forecasting, offer personalization, and streamlining communication. Chef Yevhen Klopotenko’s use of AI to prepare a gourmet dinner showcased its innovative potential in cuisine. The research enriches the existing literature on AI in hospitality with practical examples, offering valuable insights for industry professionals. It highlights the significance of AI in predicting demand and automating customer interactions to boost efficiency. The originality of the study lies in its analysis of AI applications and its comprehensive list of AI tools for content generation. However, the qualitative focus and regional scope limit generalizability, suggesting future research could broaden to include other regions and quantitative methods.
Cooperation of territorial communities of ukraine and poland in conditions of war
Authors: Fuhelo Pavlina
Published: December 2024

This article is aimed at studying the current state and prospects for cooperation between territorial communities of Ukraine and Poland. Damage and losses from the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine have caused the need to find additional resources for the normal functioning of local government. In such conditions, assistance from partner countries is extremely important. Local government can respond to the crisis faster, since it is smaller in scale than state institutions. In the conditions of a full-scale war, Ukrainian self-governments, as a rule, received support in the form of humanitarian aid. Poland is among the leaders in providing humanitarian aid. In particular, the Mazowieckie Voivodeship actively supports Ukrainian territorial communities. Currently, thematic programs have been launched to help implement EU policies in various areas. The process of convergence of the legislative bases of Ukraine and Europe has begun.
La influencia de la Inversión Extrajera en el Crecimiento Económico del Ecuador
Authors:   Investigadora Independiente, Villagómez Aldas Lizbeth Carolina , Villacis Uvidia Juan Federico ,   Docente  Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Aldás Mayorga Fanny Katherine ,   Investigadora Independiente, Nuñez Aldas Silvana Aracely ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Ecuador
Published: December 2024

Este estudio analiza el impacto de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) en la economía ecuatoriana durante el período 2015-2023. Los resultados muestran que los niveles de IED han sido consistentemente bajos, promediando solo el 0.75% del PIB. La débil correlación entre la IED y el PIB sugiere que la inversión extranjera no ha sido un motor significativo de crecimiento económico en Ecuador, siendo otros factores como las exportaciones de petróleo y el gasto público más influyentes. Se identifican barreras importantes para atraer mayor inversión extranjera, incluyendo la inestabilidad política, la alta presión tributaria y la falta de incentivos adecuados. El estudio concluye con recomendaciones para mejorar el clima de inversión, implementar incentivos fiscales y fortalecer la infraestructura y el capital humano para hacer de Ecuador un destino más atractivo para los inversores extranjeros.
Fostering Collaboration and Enhancing Student Learning Achievement through the Integration of Ethnoscience in the Common Knowledge Construction Model with Podcast Media
Authors: Fatihatussa’adah Ira , Yamtinah Sri , Ariani Sri Retno Dwi , Wiyarsi Antuni , Widarti Hayuni Retno , Shidiq Ari Syahidul , Abrori Fadhlan Muchlas
Published: December 2024

This study specifically investigates the impact of an ethnoscience-based Common Knowledge Construction Model (CKCM) learning approach integrated with podcast media on student learning outcomes and collaboration skills, concentrating on chemical bonding. The quasi-experiment research method was conducted in one of the private schools in Sukoharjo Central Java, involving 24 students in control and experimental classes. This research responds to skill demands in the 21st century to develop quality human resources by introducing innovations that integrate culture and technology into a learning system, focusing on enhancing students' soft skills, especially in collaboration. The results of the data analysis show that the learning model significantly influences student learning outcomes. However, the study indicates that this approach results in a slight improvement in students' collaboration abilities. Yet, further exploration and refinement may be necessary to enhance its effectiveness in fostering collaboration skills. This research contributes valuable insights for educators seeking innovative approaches to equip students with the skills needed to thrive in the contemporary education and employment landscape, such as competence, superiority, and competitiveness. Thus, the CKCM learning model has great potential to continue to be developed as a learning model that can answer the challenges of the 21st century.
ITEMAN-Based Evaluation of End-of-Semester Assessment Items: A Case Study of Language Test in Indonesian School Context
Authors: Himawan Riswanda , Hermanto Hermanto , Nurgiyantoro Burhan , Suyono Suyono , Widyartono Didin , Purwanti Agustina , Yujing Li , Pogadaev Victor A.
Published: December 2024

Assessment is an inseparable part of the learning process. Assessment is a way to decide the choices that a teacher will make for students, so that what they do is truly measurable. In line with this description, this study aims to determine the quality of the end-of-semester assessment questions for Indonesian, grade VIII, at SMPN 8 Yogyakarta. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Quantitative descriptive is used to analyze documents in the form of output analysis results from the ITEMAN application. The results of the review that will be submitted later are in the form of validity, reliability, IDB, ITK and the functioning of the distractor. In obtaining the results of the study. The research steps carried out in this study were are testing the validity of the question grids, testing the reliability, IDB, ITK, and distractors through the ITEMAN program, analyze the results according to expert opinions and research that are relevant to this study, and conclude the results of the study. There were 50 questions that were analyzed and tested on 32 class VIII students of SMPN 8 Yogyakarta. Overall, the research results show all questions are declared valid, Alpha is 0.926. This shows that the reliability of the items is very high, IDB results show 38 items in good, 5 moderate, 4 sufficient, and 3 failed categories, the results of ITK analysis showed 31 very easy questions, 10 easy questions, 5 moderate questions, 2 difficult questions, and 2 very difficult questions, and the results of the distractor function show that 32 questions do not work, and 18 item distractors work. Overall, the results of this analysis aim to provide a reference base related to the quality of questions through ITEMAN, especially in learning Indonesian, which so far has not been done much
Development of a Mobile Application for Occupational Health and Safety Education in Vocational High Schools: A Case Study in Construction and Housing Engineering
Authors: Nugraha Muhamad Faisal Aulia , Roemintoyo Roemintoyo , Djono Djono , Al-Hakimi Hanan
Published: December 2024

Students need to have a good understanding of occupational health and safety to avoid accidents during practical activities and in the workplace. To help with this, digital technology can be used to create learning materials and media that aid in achieving learning objectives. This study aimed to develop a mobile application that could be used as a learning resource during practical activities in workshops. The research was carried out at the Department of Construction and Housing Engineering in a Vocational High School in Surakarta, using the Alessi Trollip research method. The development process consisted of three stages: Planning, Designing, and Development. The study employed various techniques, such as questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation, to collect research data. The study used interactive models to analyze qualitative data and descriptive statistics to analyze quantitative data. As a result, the learning resource created has a material suitability level of 90% and media suitability of 100%. User testing has shown positive results, with individual test scores averaging 90% and class test scores averaging 90.35%, which is rated as "very good." This study aims to provide an appropriate learning resource that addresses the identified problems.
Transformative Learning Media for Generation Z: Integrating Moral Values through Interactive E-Books in Islamic Education
Authors: Yumna Yumna , Jaili Hambali , Tupas Preexcy B. , Azima Nana Fauzana , Minsih Minsih , Dahliana Dina , Fransiska Nadia
Published: December 2024

Recent developments in educational media have neglected certain key subjects, especially Akidah Akhlak, which is an essential part of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah curriculum. The conventional learning resources, primarily textbooks, face several challenges that lead to a decline in students' interest in reading and engaging with the material. To address this issue, a focused initiative has been undertaken to create educational media that incorporates stories rich in moral lessons, with the goal of creating a more dynamic and engaging learning atmosphere. The advanced technological skills and information literacy of Generation Z children make a strong argument for the integration of digital textbooks, specifically e-books, into their education. This research seeks to lead the way in developing innovative learning tools that encourage children to actively engage with digital books powered by information technology. Utilizing a research and development methodology, the main goal is to explore the effectiveness of interactive e-books as powerful educational tools for children. These e-books are crafted to present information in a way that is easily understood and retained by young learners, thus positively impacting their cognitive and emotional development. The impressive effectiveness of Akidah Akhlak e-books designed for 2nd-grade students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah highlights their success in improving educational outcomes. By weaving moral values into engaging stories, these e-books not only enhance knowledge retention but also promote the growth of key character traits and ethical values. This highlights the powerful impact of interactive e-books as essential tools in contemporary education, meeting the varied learning needs and preferences of today's digitally inclined students.
Conceptualising Inclusive Education: Insights from South African Primary School Principals
Authors: Nzuza Zakhele Dennis , Sulaimon Jamiu Temitope
Published: December 2024

This study explores the understanding of inclusive education by principals in South African primary schools. It draws on in-depth research and reflective engagements over the past 30 years on the implementation of inclusive education in South African schools. Although the South African government introduced and adopted various policies, understanding the concept of inclusive education in the education sector remains contentious. This research focusses on understanding the principles and practices of inclusive education in schools, ensuring that all students have equal access to learning opportunities. Research objectives have been sharpened to investigate the implementation of inclusive education, accommodating different types of learners, and strategies used to promote a supportive learning environment. A qualitative case study design was used in the six primary schools in the uMgungundlovu district, South Africa, to encourage a deeper understanding of inclusive education as a concept within general education. The data collected were analyzed using content analysis. By examining various aspects of inclusive education, this study uncovers the essential role of educators in fostering an inclusive classroom culture that satisfies the diverse needs of all learners. The study concludes that inclusive education involves holistically teaching all learners by implementing differentiated instruction with adequate support for diverse learners. The findings of the study have practical implications for the education sector, as they highlight the need for intensive training in higher education institutions to bridge the gap in understanding and practice of inclusive education, underlining its urgency and importance.
Gender-Neutral Pathways to Positive Behavior: Investigating the Role of Self-Actualisation and Academic Achievement in Secondary Education
Authors: Zakaria Gamal Abdul Nasir , Yusmaliana Desfa , Abdullah Zaimah Hj , Abubakari Mussa Saidi , Narongrakshakhet Ibrahem , Amonov Barot
Published: December 2024

Self-actualisation and positive behaviour play a principal role in life, especially among students, enabling them to overcome challenges. This study aimed to explore the comparison of self-actualisation between genders and the relationship between self-actualisation scores and academic achievement in producing positive behaviour. A total of 259 secondary-level students, comprising 125 males and 134 females, participated in this quantitative study. Questionnaires were distributed to collect data, and correlation and t-test analyses were conducted. The findings indicated that there was no significant difference in self-actualisation between genders and academic achievement in producing positive behaviour. This indicates that the self-development programs and psychological interventions in schools are important for creating an environment that supports personal growth without gender bias. Similarly, the lack of a significant difference between academic achievement and self-actualization suggests that academic factors are not the only ones influencing students' positive behavior. Instead, other elements, such as emotional support, social involvement, and extracurricular experiences, may play a greater role in shaping students' behavior.
Metacognitive Reading Strategies and Their Impact on Comprehension: Insights from Rural EFL Learners
Authors: Pahrizal Novri , Vintoni Aridem , Sotlikova Rimajon , Ya'akub Hajah Zurinah Haji
Published: December 2024

The need for more understanding and implementation regarding the importance of metacognitive reading strategies has constrained reading skills learning among EFL learners. While these strategies improve reading comprehension, learners must still utilize them effectively, reducing their performance in reading texts critically and independently. This study examines the influence of metacognitive awareness reading strategies on reading comprehension among rural EFL learners. This study exploited cross-sectional design, one of two major designs of survey methods. This study employed 114 EFL learners of the English Department in Indonesia. This study employed two instruments, namely a questionnaire to measure EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness reading strategies from MARSI-R by Mokhtari et al. (2018) and documentation obtained from the scores of the reading courses in the third semester. This study used quantitative statistical analysis, descriptive statistics to analyze the ability level of EFL learners to read comprehension, and inferential statistics to determine the influence of metacognitive awareness reading strategies on reading comprehension among EFL learners. The result of this study revealed that reading comprehension among EFL learners is at a moderate level. EFL learners are highly aware of metacognitive reading strategies, especially problem-solving strategies. These subscales also strongly correlate with each other and metacognitive awareness reading strategies for improving readers’ metacognitive ability to understand texts. Then, metacognitive reading strategies have a significant relationship but a weak impact on reading comprehension, explaining only slight variability. Regularly employing metacognitive strategies can improve reading performance and effectiveness, making learners more strategic and skilled in planning, monitoring, and evaluating their reading comprehension.
Islam Syariat: Reproduksi Salafiyah Ideologis di Indonesia
Authors: Zain Muhammad Fuad , Basit Abdul
Published: December 2024

Haedar Nashir's book on Islam Syariat: Reproduksi Salafiyah Ideologis di Indonesia is a fairly thick research comprising 604 pages. This book analyzes the Islamic movement that fights to implement Islamic Sharia in the context of state institutions carried out by MMI, HTI, and KPPSI. In this book, researchers combine literature and field research with emic data. The ideological thread of the Sharia Islamic Movement (Formalist) is a documentation of the "creed of Islamic solutions" integrated with Islamism/ Kaffah Islam. The culmination of formalization was the appearance of the seven magic sentences of the Jakarta Charter at the 2000 MPR-RI Meeting. At the same time, the largest mass organizations in Indonesia, represented by Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama, were outside the movement, even refusing or not supporting the fight for the Jakarta Charter. In an academic context, the revitalization of fundamentalist, literal, and scriptural Islam contains harmful elements in the context of statehood and the plurality of the nation. Furthermore, the ideological conflict of Islam in Indonesia must be understood that Indonesia is not Islam in the face of the West or Arabization but must present Moderate Islam, which offers an alternative path, so that it does not give rise to a new flow of conversion to Islam to other religions which are seen as providing more comfort in religion, rather than being in Islam which is formalist and has an ideological face.
Modern treatment approaches for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in children: a clinical case report and a bibliographical review
Authors:   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Babakhanova S.B. , Akhaladze D.G. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Zhukov N.V. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Utaliyeva D.T. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Rabaeva L.L. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Pshonkin A.V. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Vilesova I.G. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Kriventsova N.A. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Roshchin V.Yu. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Kachanov D.Yu. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare primary malignant tumor of the liver in childhood accounting for 20% to 33% of cases. Important prognostic factors are the presence of distant metastases and tumor unresectability. Currently there are no proven curative treatment options for pediatric patients with the abovementioned unfavorable prognostic factors. Authors represent a clinical case report of the HCC development with intra-abdominal metastases in an 8 years old pediatric patient. The Lenvatinib therapy with previous cytostatic therapy combined with sorafenib allowed the 6 months control over the tumor process whilst maintaining reasonably good quality of life of a patient.
Clinical case report of hypothalamic obesity in a child with neurofibromatosis type I and glioma of the chiasmatic-sellar region
Authors:   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Rybkina I.G. , Shimarova A.B. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Gvozdeva N.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a genetic disorder characterized by the development of various types of benign or malignant tumors affecting ether the central or the peripheral nervous systems and manifested also on the skin in the form of “café au lait” spots as well as other signs sometimes. Thus, this disorder requires multidisciplinary approach. The clinical case observed in the Article is no exception.: a patient with coffee-colored spots all over the body from an early age was described with similar familial symptoms in the patient’s father, two brothers. At the age of 4 months old, after the first DTaP vaccination, nystagmus appeared, after the second vaccination - progressive deterioration of vision, and at the age of 3 to 4 years old the hearing loss joined in. For the 6 years the patient was observed by pediatrician, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist and neurologist and received courses of retrobulbar injections of vascular-metabolic drugs, hardware treatment and physiotherapy with slightly positive effect. The first MR imaging of the brain was performed at the age of 7 y/o when a glioma was detected in the chiasmatic-sellar region. Starting the age of 7 y/o the patient gradually developed and increased hypothalamic obesity with subsequent metabolic complications in the forms of impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance, arterial hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. At the age of 12 a heterozygous mutation in the NF1 gene (deletion of 4 nucleotides) in exon 5 was detected: c.495_498delTGTT:p.T165fs, which made it possible to establish a diagnosis of NF type 1. This case reflects the multifaceted nature of the disease, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and its early diagnosis.
Diagnostics of congenital immune defects in a multidisciplinary hospital: a series of clinical case reports
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia, Barycheva L.Yu. , Bachiyeva L.I. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia, Kozmova N.A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia, Bykova G.V. ,   Stavropol Krai Regional Clinical Hospital, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia, Kudlay D.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow, Russia,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Obedin A.N. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia,   Stavropol Krai Regional Clinical Perinatal Center No. 1, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia, Borodina Yu.M. ,   Stavropol Krai Regional Clinical Perinatal Center No. 1, Stavropol, Stavropol Krai, Russia
Published: December 2024

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare heterogeneous diseases with a wide range of clinical manifestations that makes its diagnosis difficult for practitioners of different specialties. The purpose of this research was to describe a series of clinical case reports of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) diagnosis using the TREC/KREC assay in a multidisciplinary hospital. In order to verify the diagnosis, TREC/KREC determination, immunophenotyping and molecular genetic studies were performed. Thirty-nine patients with alarming signs of PIDs were examined within a period of 18 months. Primary immunodeficiencies were identified in 6 (31.6%) children with congenital malformations, in 5 (50%) with resistant cytopenias and in 3 (30%) with severe infections. Syndromal IDs were diagnosed in 8 (57.1%), combined immunodeficiency in a single patient (7.1%), immune regulation defects in 2 (14.3%) and antibody formation disorders in 3 (21.5%). Abnormal TREC/KREC values were established in 9 (64.3%) patients with IEI at the early stages of diagnostic search. Thus, TREC/KREC assay is an effective method for IEI diagnosis within a multidisciplinary hospital.
Medical care quality and safety control system as one of the crucial elements for achieving the goals of expanded neonatal screening in Russia
Authors:   Academician N.P. Bochkov Research Center of Medical Genetics (RCMG) of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Voronin S.V. , Kutsev S.I. ,   Academician N.P. Bochkov Research Center of Medical Genetics (RCMG) of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

After analyzing the Russia-wide Extended neonatal screening (ENS) system for hereditary and/or congenital diseases results it became necessary to change the ENS tasks ranking: the highest priority among them as yet is an increase in the congenital and/or hereditary diseases detection level and a decrease in the therapy initiation age. The results of an on-site audit conducted in 20 Russia regions in 2024 showed significant differences from the target indicators that in its turn had made it possible to determine the control points and roadmap operational procedures as necessary elements for the ENS system improvement with the purpose of medical care quality and safety monitoring in order to increase the congenital and/or hereditary pathology detection level, to reduce the time span from birth to the therapy initiation and to increase the effectiveness of patient treatment.
Interleukin-6 secretion and fat oxidation rates in children with simple obesity and different levels of physical activity
Authors:   Endocrinology Research Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Okorokov P.L. , Vasyukova O.V. ,   Endocrinology Research Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Burmitskaya Yu.V. ,   Endocrinology Research Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Physical inactivity is accompanied by a decrease of skeletal muscle mass and is one of the main reasons for obesity. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) acts as a paracrine and endocrine regulator of the intensity of carbohydrate and fat metabolism during exercises. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the fat oxidation rate and serum IL-6 in children with simple obesity depending on the level of daily physical activity (PA). Methods used: a cross-sectional, single-center sampling study that included 53 children aged 12 to 18 y/o (27 boys/26 girls) with obesity (SDS BMI 3.0 [2.6;3.3]) divided into two groups depending on the level of daily PA was conducted. The maximal fat oxidation (MFO) was assessed during ergometric stress testing with gas analysis. The IL-6 was assessed by ELISA at baseline and after a single physical activity. The level of daily PA was determined using the IPAQ international questionnaire Results: basal IL-6 level in children with obesity and low PA was 1.18 [0.42;1.55] pg/ml and was statistically significantly increased compared to the group of children without physical inactivity, 0.57 [0.22;0.8] pg/ml (p=0.029). The values of IL-6 after physical activity in both boys and girls with obesity and physical inactivity were statistically significantly increased compared with the group of children with obesity and moderate/high PA (p=0.032 and p=0.012 for boys and girls, respectively). The MFO in children with a low level of PA was 0.33 [0.22;0.41] g/min and did not significantly differ statistically from the group of peers with moderate or high PA (0.31 [0.25;0.36] g/min; p=0.431). Conclusion: a sedentary lifestyle in obese children leads to an increase in both basal and stimulated IL-6 secretion and is not accompanied by a decrease in maximal fat oxidation.
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE FROM VALEA ȘESEI TAILING DAM (NW OF ROMANIA) AND ITS IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY
Authors: TOMUȘ Diana Iuliana , ROBA Carmen , ROŞU Cristina
Published: December 2024

The acid mine drainage (AMD) can be a major source of water and soil pollution. To evaluate the chemical composition of the AMD and its impact on surface waters, a total of 132 water samples, both surface and waste waters, were collected during four field campaigns in November 2018, December 2018, March 2019 and April 2019. There were also collected several samples from the tailing dam material and sediments from the rivers where acidic waters are discharged. The physico-chemical parameters (pH, redox potential, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts and salinity) were measured by a portable multiparameter (WTW multi350i, Germany), while the dissolved ions (NO2-, NO3-, Br-, F-, Cl-, PO43-, SO42-, Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) were analysed by ion chromatography and the metal content (Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb) was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Most of the water samples had an acidic pH, with high electrical conductivity values (up to 9,360 µS/cm). The waters had a high level of SO42- (up to 8141.8 mg/l), Fe (up to 1,216.2 mg/l), Cu (up to 71.9 mg/l) and Zn (up to 61.98 mg/l). The tailing dam material was characterised by high levels of Fe (39.87 – 40.72 g/kg), Zn (81.3 – 241.1 mg/kg), Cu (343.5 – 942.3 mg/kg) and Pb (41.4 – 77.1 mg/kg). The analyses indicated the negative impact of AMD discharge in surface waters, which proved to have high levels of SO42- and heavy metals.
Postul mare - „leacul sufletelor noastre”. Postul mare în viziunea Sfântului Ioan Gură de Aur
Authors:   Doctorand, Școala Doctorală, Facultatea de Teologie Romano-Catolică, Universitatea București, România. Email: vasilecostea_73@yahoo.com., COSTEA Vasile
Published: December 2024

Lent - ”The Cure of Our Souls”. Lent in John Chrysostom's View. The present research is a reexamination of the theme of Lent out of a Christological perspective with a view to a research that would constitute the foundation of the analysis on the fundamentals of Lent tradition within the Greek-Catholic Church in Romania. As a consequence, in a few pages, we will review the message of the Church and tradition as seen in the writings of John Chrysostom about Lent.
Keywords: theology, Lent, John Chrysostom, christology, tradition, Greek-Catholic Church
Realități ale anului 1940 oglindite într-un raport întocmit de episcopul greco-catolic Ioan Suciu
Authors:   Doctor în istorie, muzeograf, Muzeul Orașului Oradea - Complex Cultural, Oradea, România. Email: iancudiana@yahoo.com., IANCU Diana
Published: December 2024

Realities of the Year 1940 Reflected in a Report of the Greek-Catholic Bishop Ioan Suciu. This paper presents a report drawn up by Ioan Suciu - the Greek-Catholic bishop of Oradea. The document reveals the consequences of the Dicktat from Viena (30 august 1940) that reassigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary. The establishment of the Hungarian administration has shattered the religious life, economic, cultural and social activity of the Greek-Catholic Diocese. Ioan Suciu wrote a report in which presents the situation of the Romanian oppressed by the Hungarian authorities. The document, dated on 11.XII.1940, was addressed to Ion Antonescu, the leader of the Romanian State.
Keywords: Diktat, 1940, Ioan Suciu, Sălaj, Oradea, Greek-Catholic Diocese