bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon budget of different forests in China estimated by an individual-based model and remote sensing
Authors: Zhao Junfang , Ai Jinlong , Zhu Yujie , Huang Ruixi , Peng Huiwen , Xie Hongfei
Published: October 2023

Forests play a key role in the regional or global carbon cycle. Determining the forest carbon budget is of great significance for estimating regional carbon budgets and formulating forest management policies to cope with climate change. However, the carbon budget of Chinese different forests and their relative contributions are not completely clear so far. We evaluated the carbon budget of different forests from 1981 to 2020 in China through combining model with remote sensing observation. In addition, we also determined the relative contribution of carbon budget of each forest type to all forests in China. Eight forest types were studied: evergreen coniferous forest (ECF), deciduous coniferous forest (DCF), coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (CBF), deciduous broad-leaved forest (DBF), evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBF), evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest (EDBF), seasonal rain forest (SRF), and rain forest (RF). The results indicated that the Chinese forests were mainly carbon sink from 1981 to 2020, particularly the annual average carbon budget of forest from 2011 to 2020 was 0.191 PgC·a-1. Spatially, the forests’ carbon budget demonstrated obvious regional differences, gradually decreasing from Southeast China to Northwest China. The relative contributions of carbon budget in different forests to all forests in China were different. During 2011–2020, the ECF forests contributed the most carbon budget (34.45%), followed by DBF forests (25.89%), EBF forests (24.82%), EDBF forests (13.10%), RF forests (2.23%), SRF forests (3.14%) and CBF forests (1.14%). However, the DCF forests were found mainly as carbon source. These results contribute to our understanding of regional carbon budget of forests.
The relationship between psychological capital, patient’s contempt, and professional identity among general practitioners during COVID-19 in Chongqing, China
Authors: Deng Jingzhi , Xu Yang , Li Qiaoya , Yang Wen , Deng Huisheng
Published: October 2023

General practitioners are crucial in the primary healthcare system as well as for epidemic prevention and control. However, few researchers have examined their professional identity. This study investigated the current status of the professional identity of general practitioners in Chongqing, China and explored the effects of psychological capital and patient’s contempt on their professional identity. From December 2021 to January 2022, randomized cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional online self-assessment questionnaire survey among general practitioners in Chongqing. In total, 2,180 general practitioners working for more than one year were selected. General practitioners’ sense of professional identity, mental health, and sense of patients’ disrespect were measured using the Professional Identity Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Patient’s Contempt Questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were also collected. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the association between professional identity, psychological capital, and patient’s contempt. The average score for professional identity among general practitioners was 53.59 (SD = 6.42). The scores for self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism (subscales of psychological capital) were 26.87 (SD = 5.70), 26.47 (SD = 5.74), 26.97 (SD = 5.55), and 26.86 (SD = 5.59), respectively. The score for perceived contempt was 34.19 (SD = 7.59). An average monthly income greater than CNY 8,000 (β = 1.018, p < 0.001), work tenure of more than 15 years (β = 0.440, p = 0.001), hope (β = 0.249, p < 0.001) and a higher optimism score (β = 0.333, p < 0.001) were positively correlated with professional identity. Having a bachelor’s degree and above (β = -0.720, p = 0.014), an administrative role (β = -1.456, p < 0.001), self-efficacy (β = -0.122, p < 0.001), and higher patient’s contempt (β = -0.103, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with professional identity. General practitioners in Chongqing demonstrated high professional identity and a strong psychological status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological capital and patient’s contempt were associated with professional identity. To improve general practitioners’ professional identity, stakeholders should promote practitioners’ mental health and physician–patient relationships in China.
Applying thermal demagnetization to archaeological materials: A tool for detecting burnt clay and estimating its firing temperature
Authors: Vaknin Yoav , Shaar Ron , Lipschits Oded , Eliyahu Behar Adi , Maeir Aren M. , Ben-Yosef Erez
Published: October 2023

Burnt materials are very common in the archaeological record. Their identification and the reconstruction of their firing history are crucial for reliable archaeological interpretations. Commonly used methods are limited in their ability to identify and estimate heating temperatures below ~500⁰C and cannot reconstruct the orientation in which these materials were burnt. Stepwise thermal demagnetization is widely used in archaeomagnetism, but its use for identifying burnt materials and reconstructing paleotemperatures requires further experimental verification. Here we present an experimental test that has indicated that this method is useful for identifying the firing of mud bricks to 190⁰C or higher. Application of the method to oriented samples also enables reconstruction of the position in which they cooled down. Our algorithm for interpreting thermal demagnetization results was tested on 49 miniature sun-dried “mud bricks”, 46 of which were heated to a range of temperatures between 100⁰C to 700⁰C under a controlled magnetic field and three “bricks” which were not heated and used as a control group. The results enabled distinguishing between unheated material and material heated to at least 190⁰C and accurately recovering the minimum heating temperature of the latter. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) on the same materials demonstrated how the two methods complement each other. We implemented the thermal demagnetization method on burnt materials from an Iron Age structure at Tell es-Safi/Gath (central Israel), which led to a revision of the previously published understanding of this archaeological context. We demonstrated that the conflagration occurred within the structure, and not only in its vicinity as previously suggested. We also showed that a previously published hypothesis that bricks were fired in a kiln prior to construction is very unlikely. Finally, we conclude that the destruction of the structure occurred in a single event and not in stages over several decades.
Assessing swallowing disorders in adults on high-flow nasal cannula in critical and non-critical care settings. A scoping review protocol
Authors: Gutierrez-Arias Ruvistay , Salgado-Maldonado Gabriel , Valdivia Paola Letelier , Salinas-Barahona Francisco , Echeverría-Valdebenito Carmen , Seron Pamela ,   on behalf of INTRehab Research Group
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has become a widely used respiratory support system, which has proven to be effective in different populations. The facilitation of oral communication and feeding have been described as advantages of this support. Nevertheless, swallowing disorders associated with the use of HFNC have been postulated. However, such evidence is scattered in the literature, not systematically searched, and needs to be adequately summarised. This review aimed to explore the literature, to identify and map the evidence, regarding the frequency and methods of assessment of swallowing disorders in adult HFNC users, in both critical and non-critical units.

Materials and methods

A scoping review will be conducted. A systematic search in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CENTRAL, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and other resources will be conducted. Primary studies, in any language or publication status, assessing the incidence of swallowing disorders in adults with HFNC support will be included. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extract data. Disagreements will be resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. The results will be reported narratively, using tables and figures to support them.

Discussion

Positive end-expiratory pressure generated in the airway by HFNC could impair the proper swallowing performance. Knowing the methodological characteristics, the instruments or scales used to assess the presence of dysphagia, and the results of the studies may contribute to considering swallowing assessment in this population on a routine basis, as well as to guide the conduct of new studies that may respond to less researched areas in this topic.

Registration

Registration number: INPLASY2022110078.
Linear programming based computational technique for leukemia classification using gene expression profile
Authors: Ilyas Mahwish , Aamir Khalid Mahmood , Manzoor Sana , Deriche Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Cancer is a serious public health concern worldwide and is the leading cause of death. Blood cancer is one of the most dangerous types of cancer. Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood cell and bone marrow. Acute leukemia is a chronic condition that is fatal if left untreated. A timely, reliable, and accurate diagnosis of leukemia at an early stage is critical to treating and preserving patients’ lives. There are four types of leukemia, namely acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic in extracting, and chronic myelogenous leukemia. Recognizing these cancerous development cells is often done via manual analysis of microscopic images. This requires an extraordinarily skilled pathologist. Leukemia symptoms might include lethargy, a lack of energy, a pale complexion, recurrent infections, and easy bleeding or bruising. One of the challenges in this area is identifying subtypes of leukemia for specialized treatment. This Study is carried out to increase the precision of diagnosis to assist in the development of personalized plans for treatment, and improve general leukemia-related healthcare practises. In this research, we used leukemia gene expression data from Curated Microarray Database (CuMiDa). Microarrays are ideal for studying cancer, however, categorizing the expression pattern of microarray information can be challenging. This proposed study uses feature selection methods and machine learning techniques to predict and classify subtypes of leukemia in gene expression data CuMiDa (GSE9476). This research work utilized linear programming (LP) as a machine-learning technique for classification. Linear programming model classifies and predicts the subtypes of leukemia Bone_Marrow_CD34, Bone Marrow, AML, PB, and PBSC CD34. Before using the LP model, we selected 25 features from the given dataset of 22283 features. These 25 significant features were the most distinguishing for classification. The classification accuracy of this work is 98.44%.
Rice GA3ox1 modulates pollen starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development
Authors: Hsieh Kun-Ting , Wu Chi-Chih , Lee Shih-Jie , Chen Yu-Heng , Shiue Shiau-Yu , Liao Yi-Chun , Liu Su-Hui , Wang I.-Wen , Tseng Ching-Shan , Li Wen-Hsiung , Wang Chang-Sheng , Chen Liang-Jwu
Published: October 2023

The rice GA biosynthetic gene OsGA3ox1 has been proposed to regulate pollen development through the gametophytic manner, but cellular characterization of its mutant pollen is lacking. In this study, three heterozygotic biallelic variants, “-3/-19”, “-3/-2” and “-3/-10”, each containing one null and one 3bp-deletion allele, were obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 technique for the functional study of OsGA3ox1. The three homozygotes, “-19/-19”, “-2/-2” and “-10/-10”, derived from heterozygotic variants, did not affect the development of most vegetative and floral organs but showed a significant reduction in seed-setting rate and in pollen viability. Anatomic characterizations of these mutated osga3ox1 pollens revealed defects in starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development. Additional molecular characterization suggests that abnormal pollen development in the osga3ox1 mutants might be linked to the regulation of transcription factors OsGAMYB, OsTDR and OsbHLH142 during late pollen development. In brief, the rice GA3ox1 is a crucial gene that modulates pollen starch granule accumulation and pollen wall development at the gametophytic phase.
A novel metric to improve mismatched primer selection and quantification accuracy in amplifying DNA repeats for quantitative polymerase chain reactions
Authors: Xu Eugenia Y. , Schneper Lisa M. , Notterman Daniel A.
Published: October 2023

In quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) experiments, primers containing mismatches with respect to the template are widely used in measuring repetitive DNA elements. Primer-template mismatches may lead to underestimation of the input sample quantity due to inefficient annealing and amplification. But how primer-template mismatches affect quantification accuracy has not been rigorously investigated. In this study, we performed a series of qPCR experiments in which we tested three pairs of mismatched telomere primers (tel1/tel2, tel1b/tel2b and telg/telc) and two pairs of perfect-match reference gene primers (36B4-F/-R and IFNB1-F/-R) at three different primer concentrations under four cycling conditions. Templates used were genomic DNA from two human cell lines and oligo duplexes which contained telomere sequences, reference gene sequences, or both. We demonstrated that the underestimation of input sample quantity from reactions containing mismatched primers was not due to lower amplification efficiency (E), but due to ineffective usage of the input sample. We defined a novel concept of amplification efficacy (f) which quantifies the effectiveness of input sample amplification by primers. We have modified the conventional qPCR kinetic formula to include f, which corrects the effects of primer mismatches. We demonstrated that reactions containing mismatched telomere primer pairs had similar efficiency (E), but varying degrees of reduced efficacy (f) in comparison to those with the perfect-match gene primer pairs. Using the quantitative parameter f, underestimation of initial target by telomere primers can be adjusted to provide a more accurate measurement. Additionally, we found that the tel1b/tel2b primer set at concentration of 500 nM and 900 nM exhibited the best amplification efficacy f. This study provides a novel way to incorporate an evaluation of amplification efficacy into qPCR analysis. In turn, it improves mismatched primer selection and quantification accuracy in amplifying DNA repeats using qPCR methods.
Identification of New Mycobacterium bovis antigens and development of a multiplexed serological bead-immunoassay for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle
Authors: Moens Charlotte , Filée Patrice , Boes Adrien , Alie Christian , Dufrasne François , André Emmanuel , Marché Sylvie , Fretin David
Published: October 2023

Serological assays for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis require the use of multiple Mycobacterium bovis specific antigens to ensure the detection of infected animals. In the present study, identification and selection process of antigens, based on data from published proteomic studies and involving the use of bioinformatics tools and an immuno-screening step, was firstly performed for identifying novel antigens that elicit an antibody response in M. bovis infection. Based on this approach, a panel of 10 M. bovis antigens [with known relevance (MPB70, MPB83, MPB70/83, and ESAT6/CFP10) and novel (Mb1961c, Mb1301c, Mb3871, Mb1403, Mb0592, and PE25/PPE41)] were constructed and thenused to develop a new multiplexed serological assay based on Luminex technology. The performance of the Luminex-bTB immunoassay was evaluated using sera from cattle with known tuberculosis status. Among the proteins whose ability to detect bovine tuberculosis was evaluated for the first time, PE25/PPE41 and Mb1403, but not Mb3871, showed good detection capacity. Following multiple antigen combination, the final Luminex-bTB immunoassay included seven antigens (MPB70, MPB83, MPB70/83, ESAT6/CFP10, PE25/PPE41, Mb1403, and Mb0592) and showed better global performance than the immunoassay using the four usual antigens (MPB70, MPB70/83, MPB83 and ESAT6/CFP10). The specificity and sensitivity values were, respectively, of 97.6% and 42.8% when the cut-off of two-positive antigens was used to classify samples as positive. With the use of the more-restrictive criterion of three-positive antigens, the specificity increased to 99.2% but the sensitivity decreased to 23.9%. The analysis of antigen profiles generated with the Luminex-bTB immunoassay showed that mainly serodominant proteins were recognized in samples from infected cattle. The detection of Mb1961c and Mb1301c appeared to be associated with presumed false-positive results. Moreover, sera from cattle originating from bTB-outbreaks but having inconclusive or negative skin test results were identified as positive by the Luminex-bTB immunoassay and showed an antigen pattern associated with M. bovis infection. The Luminex-bTB immunoassay including seven antigens may be useful as adjunct test for the detection of M. bovis–infected herds, and different cut-offs could be applied according to the bovine tuberculosis epidemiological context.
Hydroxyurea does not reverse functional alterations of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway associated with priapism phenotype in corpus cavernosum from sickle cell mouse
Authors: Pereira Dalila Andrade , Pereira Danillo Andrade , da Silva Pereira Pamela , Silveira Tammyris Helena Rebecchi , Calmasini Fabiano Beraldi , Reis Leonardo Oliveira , Costa Fernando Ferreira , Silva Fábio Henrique
Published: October 2023

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that has been associated with priapism. The role of hydroxyurea, a common SCD therapy, in influencing the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway and its effect on priapism is unclear. To investigate the effect of hydroxyurea treatment on smooth muscle relaxation of corpus cavernosum induced by stimulation of the NO-cGMP pathway in SCD transgenic mice and endothelial NO synthase gene-deficient (eNOS-/-) mice, which are used as model of priapism associated with the low bioavailability of endothelial NO. Four-month-old wild-type (WT, C57BL/6), SCD transgenic, and eNOS-/-male mice were treated with hydroxyurea (100 mg/Kg/day) or its vehicle (saline) daily for three weeks via intraperitoneal injections. Concentration-response curves for acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and electrical field stimulation (EFS) were generated using strips of mice corpus cavernosum. The SCD mice demonstrated an amplified CC relaxation response triggered by ACh, EFS, and SNP. The corpus cavernosum relaxation responses to SNP and EFS were found to be heightened in the eNOS-/-group. However, the hydroxyurea treatment did not alter these escalated relaxation responses to ACh, EFS, and SNP in the corpus cavernosum of the SCD group, nor the relaxation responses to EFS and SNP in the eNOS-/-group. In conclusion, hydroxyurea is not effective in treating priapism associated with SCD. It is likely that excess plasma hemoglobin and reactive oxygen species, which are reported in SCD, are reacting with NO before it binds to GCs in the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum, thus preventing the restoration of baseline NO/cGMP levels. Furthermore, the downregulation of eNOS in the penis may impair the pharmacological action of hydroxyurea at the endothelial level in SCD mice. This study emphasize the urgency for exploring alternative therapeutic avenues for priapism in SCD that are not hindered by high plasma hemoglobin and ROS levels.
The hybrid RAVE complex plays V-ATPase-dependent and -independent pathobiological roles in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Choi Jin-Tae , Choi Yeseul , Lee Yujin , Lee Seung-Heon , Kang Seun , Lee Kyung-Tae , Bahn Yong-Sun
Published: October 2023

V-ATPase, which comprises 13–14 subunits, is essential for pH homeostasis in all eukaryotes, but its proper function requires a regulator to assemble its subunits. While RAVE (regulator of H+-ATPase of vacuolar and endosomal membranes) and Raboconnectin-3 complexes assemble V-ATPase subunits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans, respectively, the function of the RAVE complex in fungal pathogens remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified two RAVE complex components, Rav1 and Wdr1, in the fungal meningitis pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, and analyzed their roles. Rav1 and Wdr1 are orthologous to yeast RAVE and human Rabconnectin-3 counterparts, respectively, forming the hybrid RAVE (hRAVE) complex. Deletion of RAV1 caused severe defects in growth, cell cycle control, morphogenesis, sexual development, stress responses, and virulence factor production, while the deletion of WDR1 resulted in similar but modest changes, suggesting that Rav1 and Wdr1 play central and accessary roles, respectively. Proteomics analysis confirmed that Wdr1 was one of the Rav1-interacting proteins. Although the hRAVE complex generally has V-ATPase-dependent functions, it also has some V-ATPase-independent roles, suggesting a unique role beyond conventional intracellular pH regulation in C. neoformans. The hRAVE complex played a critical role in the pathogenicity of C. neoformans, and RAV1 deletion attenuated virulence and impaired blood-brain barrier crossing ability. This study provides comprehensive insights into the pathobiological roles of the fungal RAVE complex and suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for controlling cryptococcosis.
Effectiveness and Safety of Antiobesity Medications in Patients With Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Pham Jonathan T. , Ghusn Wissam , Acosta Andres , Loftus Edward V. , Johnson Amanda M.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Limited data exist evaluating antiobesity medications (AOM) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

METHODS:

We performed a case-control study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of AOM in patients with IBD with obesity, matched to non-IBD controls.

RESULTS:

After 12 months, the case (n = 36) and control (n = 36) groups achieved similar percent total body weight loss of −6.9 ± 8.3 and −8.1 ± 7.0 (P = 0.30), respectively. Side effect profiles were similar between groups. Seven patients experienced an IBD flare, all managed medically.

DISCUSSION:

AOM use in patients with IBD demonstrated similar effectiveness and safety when compared with that observed in the non-IBD population.
The Method of Fitting a Non-linear Function to Data of Measured Points and its Uncertainty Band
Authors: Puchalski Jacek , Warsza Zygmunt Lech
Published: October 2023

The paper presents a method of determining parameters and uncertainty bands of a specific non-linear function fitted to given measured data of examined points. One or both of the variables of this non-linear function are changed so as to linearize it. Using the linear regression method, fined are the most favorable parameters of this straight line for its adjustment to the measured values of the coordinates of points tested according to the weighted total mean square WTLS criterion. Their autocorrelation and cross-correlation coefficients as well as uncertainties estimated according to the rules of the GUM guide are considered. The parameters and the uncertainty band of the non-linear function result from the parameters of this straight line and its uncertainty band. Numerical examples of determining the parameters and uncertainty bands for the branch of a 2nd degree parabola (two methods) and for the complex exponential function are given.
A DENSIDADE DE ESTRUTURAS GEOLÓGICAS, OS PADRÕES DE LINEAMENTOS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM OS MOVIMENTOS DE MASSA NO MUNICÍPIO DE VITÓRIA (ESPÍRITO SANTO, SUDESTE DO BRASIL)
Authors: Pimentel Thiago Borini , Bricalli Luiza Leonardi
Published: October 2023

Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar e relacionar a densidade de estruturas geológicas e os padrões de lineamentos com a ocorrência de movimentos de massa no município de Vitória (Espírito Santo, Brasil). A metodologia utilizada foi dividida em três etapas: Etapa de Levantamentos Bibliográficos - consiste na realização e coleta de dados bibliográficos, mapas temáticos diversos (topográficos, geológicos e estruturais), imagens de satélites e fotointerpretação, bem como confecção de mapa com estruturação geológica da região (lineamentos, falhamentos, fraturamentos etc…); Etapa de Campo e Coleta de dados da área de estudo - realizada através de mapeamento sistemático em campo com coleta de dados estruturais; Sistematização e integração dos Dados - ocorre em gabinete e consiste na análise, interpretação dos dados obtidos em campo, bem como sistematização e integração dos dados existentes. Estes dados foram integrados e analisados a partir dos registros de movimentos de massa da Defesa Civil Municipal, referentes ao período entre 2006 e 2020. A análise dos resultados obtidos demonstra a importante relação entre os lineamentos e as ocorrências de movimentos de massa com a litologia, as estruturas geológicas regionais e os eventos neotectônicos do estado do Espírito Santo.
Isolamento absoluto: essencial ou dispensável?
Authors: Machado Lucas Silveira , Anchieta Rodolfo Bruniera
Published: October 2023

Na presente edição da seção highLIGHTS, abordaremos mais um tema de interesse dos odontólogos: o Isolamento Absoluto. Embora seja um tema há muitos anos discutido e com muitas evidências à disposição, vale a pena, para o clínico em geral, analisar alguns dos seus aspectos usando critérios mais rigorosos e atualizados com assiduidade. Assim, o objetivo desse levantamento atualizado do assunto é buscar as informações mais relevantes sobre esse procedimento clínico que não é novidade, mas que ainda apresenta algumas dúvidas sobre sua real importância. Hoje, sabe-se que muitos procedimentos odontológicos de diferentes áreas são realizados por meio de etapas de adesão. O processo adesivo, independentemente do procedimento, exige um controle absoluto da umidade no campo operatório. Sendo assim, reunimos alguns dos principais artigos científicos publicados na literatura, que abordam o uso do isolamento absoluto, visando a elaboração de um pensamento crítico e interpretativo das evidências disponíveis sobre esse assunto.
Odontologia Biomimética vs. Odontologia Adesiva: onde vamos parar?
Authors: Feitosa Victor Pinheiro
Published: October 2023

Todo mundo sabe que a Odontologia e os dentistas, em geral, nunca foram muito unidos. Existe uma certa competição entre as áreas, entre departamentos, entre universidades e, até mesmo, entre profissionais cujas clínicas ficam no mesmo bairro ou, por vezes, o mesmo quarteirão. Em um momento (ano de 2022) em que a Odontologia brasileira vive um crescimento exponencial de números de cursos de graduação e profissionais credenciados, a competição pelo paciente ou pelo aluno em um curso de pós-graduação se acirra cada vez mais. Nesse sentido, muitos profissionais que se dizem professores, mas que possuem pouca ou quase nenhuma formação docente, tentam “inventar” técnicas e procedimentos miraculosos para diferenciar seus cursos, no intuito de atrair os dentistas, principalmente os recém-formados — que, naturalmente, entram no mercado de trabalho com dificuldades e dúvidas em relação a vários procedimentos, participam desses cursos e acabam difundindo tais técnicas.
Grau de conversão na impressão 3D de modelos: efeito de diferentes parâmetros de impressão
Authors: Balbinot Gabriela de Souza , Leitune Vicente Castelo Branco , Guerreiro Giovan Mateus Balbueno , Collares Fabricio Mezzomo , Bona Alvaro Della
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes espessuras das camadas, ângulos de orientação e pós-cura no grau de conversão de uma resina de impressão 3D para modelos. Métodos: A impressão 3D foi realizada com comprimento de onda de 405 nm, em uma impressora de processamento digital por luz (DLP) com uma resina para modelos comercialmente disponível na cor cinza. Foram avaliadas: a espessura das camadas, a angulação da peça e a influência da pós-cura, usando diferentes parâmetros de impressão. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto ao grau de conversão, por espectroscopia Raman, a partir da intensidade dos picos presentes na região do 1610cm-1 e 1640cm-1. Resultados: A realização do tratamento pós-cura resultou em aumento dos valores do grau de conversão (p < 0,001). Os valores variaram de 81,20% a 84,57% nos espécimes não submetidos à pós-cura, enquanto após a pós-cura os valores variaram entre 89,04% e 91,03%. A avaliação da espessura de camada (50 μm e 100 μm) e da inclinação do espécime (0º, 45º e 90º) não resultou em diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p > 0,05). Conclusão: O grau de conversão de uma resina para impressão 3D DLP foi influenciado pela pós-cura. As variações na espessura de camada e na angulação da impressão do objeto utilizadas no presente estudo não influenciaram no grau de conversão do material avaliado.
Reabilitação estético-funcional de um paciente com desgastes dentários severos: 18 meses de acompanhamento
Authors: Lorencet Rafael Boaretto , Moraes Rafael Ratto de , Pedrini Ricardo , Benetti Paula , Duarte Leonardo Mello , Basso Gabriela Romanini
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A seleção de materiais e técnicas para a reabilitação estética e funcional de pacientes com desgastes dentários severos causados por hábitos parafuncionais é um desafio. Incrementos oclusais de resinas compostas podem reabilitar a perda da dimensão vertical da oclusão, proporcionando conforto durante a função; enquanto facetas cerâmicas podem ser usadas em dentes anteriores, devido à ótima estabilidade estética e química. As resinas compostas modificadas termicamente podem ser utilizadas para cimentar facetas cerâmicas, melhorando a adaptação marginal das restaurações, com um aumento da resistência do material cimentante, em comparação aos cimentos resinosos. Objetivos: Relatar a reabilitação de um paciente com desgastes dentários severos, utilizando restaurações oclusais diretas de resina composta (table-tops) e facetas vitrocerâmicas de dissilicato de lítio cimentadas com resina composta termicamente modificada. Relato do caso: O planejamento do tratamento incluiu exame clínico, análise de modelos articulados, desenho digital do sorriso, enceramento diagnóstico e mock-up. Um jig anterior foi feito para guiar as restaurações posteriores de resina composta visando restaurar a dimensão vertical da oclusão do paciente. Seis dentes anteriores superiores foram preparados para receber facetas vitrocerâmicas de dissilicato de lítio. As peças cerâmicas foram cimentadas sob vibração ultrassônica com resina composta pré-aquecida. Conclusão: O caso foi concluído com adaptação e conforto ao paciente. Não houve complicações após 18 meses.
The Effects of El Nino Southern Oscillation on Rainfall in the Karst Area of Maros, National Park Bantimurung Bulusaraung South Sulawesi and its Impact on Flood Disasters
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad , Fitriani Fitriani , Tiwow Vistarani Arini , Palloan Pariabti , Sulistiawaty Sulistiawaty , Susanto Agus
Published: October 2023

The aims of this study were to describe rainfall profiles, to analyze the effect of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on rainfall and its impact on flood disasters in the karst area of Maros, National Park Bantimurung Bulusaraung South Sulawesi. The data used were monthly data of ENSO parameters and monthly data on rainfall of Karst Maros TN Babul area in the range of 2011-2020. The monthly data of ENSO parameters consist of Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) data, namely Nino Index 3.4 and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) obtained from the official website of NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and from the official website of BOM (Bureau of Meteorology), respectively. Whereas, the monthly data of rainfall of Karst Maros TN Babul area was obtained from Maros Climatology Station, South Sulawesi. The data was analyzed (i.e. graph analysis and simple linear regression) using Microsoft Excel 2010 Software and ArcGIS Software for map creation. The results showed that the rainfall profile of the karst Maros TN Babul region for the period 2011-2020 has a monsoon rainfall pattern with the highest rainfall in December, January, and February, while the lowest rainfall occurs in June, July, and August. The significant effect of ENSO on rainfall in the Karst Maros TN Babul Area for the period 2011-2020 was categorized as a moderate with an ONI correlation coefficient value of 0.521 and SOI of 0.465. The effect of ENSO on rainfall is in the range from 25.9 to 33.1% which result in flood disasters in the karst Maros TN Babul area such as Bantimurung, Tompobulu, Camba, and Simbang districts. The flood disasters mostly occurs in January and December with rainfall intensity from high to very high category.
Matinya Rule Breaking : Postulat Penalaran Hakim dalam Memutus Bebas Perbuatan Cabul (Kajian Putusan Bebas Perkara No.46/Pid.B/2022/PN Pbr)
Authors: Musa M. , Wiarti July , Endri Endri
Published: October 2023

Postulat terhadap penalaran hukum dalam pembuktian unsur tindak pidana kesusilaan merupakan hal penting. Perkara Nomor 46/Pid.B/2022/PN.Pbr merupakan kasus perbuatan cabul di perguruan tinggi yang diputus bebas, karena hakim menilai pasal dakwaan subsidairitas penuntut umum tidak memenuhi unsur tindak pidana. Ada dua tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan, yaitu mengetahui penalaran hakim dalam menerapkan doktrin hukum pembuktian dan memahami kebuntuan terobosan hukum (rule breaking) dari majelis hakim dalam menentukan postulat kesalahan terdakwa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Temuan penelitian dapat diketahui, bahwa penalaran hakim dalam menerapkan doktrin hukum pembuktian pada putusan bebas perkara perbuatan cabul, hanya terfokus pada pemeriksaan alat bukti keterangan testimoni para saksi terhadap tindak pidana. Keseluruhan alat bukti keterangan ahli yang bersifat saintifik-forensik sebagai pendukung fakta keterangan korban dikesamping hakim. Temuan kedua, bahwa penyebab dari kebuntuan terobosan hukum (rule breaking) dari majelis hakim dalam menentukan postulat kesalahan terdakwa disebabkan ketika hakim melakukan penalaran hukum perbuatan cabul hanya menitikberatkan pada bentuk batas-batas perbuatan nyata terdakwa. Implikasi penalaran dengan metode penafsiran restriktif yang ketat tidak dapat menemukan kausa unsur tindak pidana perbuatan cabul yang berkarakter tersembunyi. Kesimpulan penelitian, hakim memandang keterangan ahli forensik tidak relevan dalam pembuktian perbuatan cabul, dan memandang tidak perlu melakukan terobosan hukum dalam menentukan putusan bebas.
How teaching modality affects Foreign Language Enjoyment: a comparison of in-person and online English as a Foreign Language classes
Authors: Resnik Pia , Dewaele Jean-Marc , Knechtelsdorfer Eva
Published: October 2023

The sudden shift to online foreign language (FL) learning due to the pandemic offered researchers the unique possibility to explore the role of learner emotions in different teaching modalities. This mixed methods paper investigates differences in 437 English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ levels of FL enjoyment (FLE) in pre-pandemic in-person EFL classes and their online classes after the switch to emergency remote teaching (ERT) based on a convergent research design. Statistical analysis of quantitative data gathered with a web survey showed a significant drop in learners’ FLE in ERT, based on a 9-item scale. The sharpest drop was observed for the scales’ subdimensions Personal and Social Enjoyment while Teacher appreciation decreased less. Qualitative content analysis of 21 in-depth interviews revealed that enjoyable aspects were mentioned more frequently for ERT than for in-person classes. The nature of FLE was found to shift with teaching modality: FLE was linked to rich social interactions in in-person classes, while it was linked to the convenience and comfort of working from home and an increase in learner autonomy in ERT. Additionally, learners reported that despite the physical isolation, they managed to establish good social connections in ERT classes. This shows that FLE can flourish in challenging circumstances. Its intensity might differ from in-person classes but it feeds generally on similar nutrients, namely interesting learning materials, friendly and professional teachers and stimulating interactions with peers in order to develop social bonds.
The effect of AQP4 on tau protein aggregation in neurodegeneration and persistent neuroinflammation after cerebral microinfarcts
Authors: Fan Yong , Yang Yongkai , Lin Kunzhe , Zhou Xiaohui , Li Yongkun , Lin Qingqiang
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on tau protein aggregation in neurodegeneration and persistent neuroinflammation after cerebral microinfarcts. A model of diffuse ischemic brain injury was established, and adenovirus was injected stereotactically through the lateral ventricle of mice. The water content of the brain tissue was measured. The co-expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and AQP4 and the aggregation of p-tau and neuronal marker were detected through immunofluorescence double staining. The expression of phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau (p-tau, Ser202/Thr205, Thr205, Ser396, Ser404), interleukin(IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, growth associated protein43 (GAP43), GFAP, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) was detected through Western blot. It was found that the brain water content in the model group was increased and decreased after the AQP4 interference. Compared with the sham group, the expression of GFAP, p-tau, IL-1β, TNF-a, Iba1, and p-tau was increased in the model group (p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of p-tau, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-a, GFAP, and Iba1 was decreased after AQP4 interference (p < 0.05). It is indicated that AQP4 positively regulates neurodegeneration and persistent neuroinflammation caused by tau protein aggregation after cerebral microinfarcts.
Enlargements of Quantales
Authors: Luhaäär Urmas
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we study the enlargements of quantales. We prove three main results. First, if Q is a factorizable quantale, then any matrix quantale over Q is an enlargement of Q; second, any unital Rees matrix quantale over a quantale Q with an identity is an enlargement of Q; third, two quantales are Morita equivalent if and only if they have a joint enlargement. To prove these theorems, we use quantale matrices and modules and Morita contexts of quantales. Our main theorems and their proofs are parallel to those known for idempotent rings.
Study of Oscillation Criteria of Odd-Order Differential Equations with Mixed Neutral Terms
Authors: Grace Said R. , Abbas Syed , Negi Shekhar Singh
Published: October 2023

This paper is concerned with the oscillation criteria of odd-order non-linear differential equations with mixed non-linear neutral terms. We provide new oscillation criteria that improve, expand, and simplify existing ones. Moreover, some examples are provided to demonstrate the theoretical findings.
Crystal structure of ethyl 2-((2,6-dichloro-4-(cyanomethyl)phenyl) amino)benzoate, C17H14Cl2N2O2
Authors: Zhao Meimei , Du Mo , Liu Bin
Published: October 2023

C17H14Cl2N2O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.4863(17) Å, b = 12.654(2) Å, c = 15.088(3) Å, β = 103.612(5)°, V = 1574.8(5) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0423, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1472, T = 205 K.
Crystal structure of bis{N′-[1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene]-N-phenylcarbamohydrazonothioato}zinc(II), C44H36N6S2Zn
Authors: Tan Ming Yueh , Crouse Karen A. , Tan Sang Loon , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: October 2023

C44H36N6S2Zn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.5676(4) Å, b = 26.1767(8) Å, c = 10.0963(3) Å, β = 99.140(3)°, V = 3801.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0397, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1000, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methanone, C12H15NO3
Authors: Xu Xiaona , Tong Hongjuan , Zhu Zhoujing , Liu Bin
Published: October 2023

C12H15NO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.7230(2) Å, b = 11.1182(3) Å, c = 14.4996(5) Å, β = 

94.8870

(
10
)

°

$94.8870(10){}^{\circ}$

, V = 1079.87(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0511, wRref
(

F
2

${F}^{2}$

) = 0.1525, T = 170 K.
The crystal structure of bis(trimethylsulfoxonium) catena-poly[µ2-hexabromido-indium(III)sodium(I)] C6H18O2S2NaInBr6
Authors: Jin Shifeng , Lu Jiali
Published: October 2023

C6H18O2S2NaInBr6, orthorhombic, Pmn21 (no. 31), a = 10.5451(3) Å, b = 7.1169(2) Å, c = 13.7034(4) Å, V = 1028.42(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0354, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0923, T = 293 K.
Risk analysis of bridge ship collision based on AIS data model and nonlinear finite element
Authors: Zhao Canglong , Cao Xiang , Ren Yunye
Published: October 2023

To solve the problem of calculating the probability of ship collision in ship bridge collision risk assessment, the impact parameters of ship collision are obtained based on the automatic identification system (AIS) data to solve the problem that the existing methods do not consider the actual navigable ship information in a specific bridge navigation area. Based on AIS data, the dynamics of sailing ships are analyzed, parameters such as ship position, speed, and yaw angle, are obtained, ship traffic flow is analyzed, and the geometric probability in the actual ship traffic flow specification model is modified. The results before and after correction were compared and analyzed. The results show that the maximum transverse displacement of the anti-collision device is about 1.5 s under all working conditions, indicating that the collision force drops continuously from this moment to 0 in the collision force time history. In the process of collision, the anti-collision device absorbs part of the collision energy through its own deformation. Under the premise of a certain initial kinetic energy, the deformation caused by the collision energy absorption after fortification will be reduced. The anti-collision device has local permanent deformation under the impact of 5,000 t ship, but no damage and failure, and will not cause water entry and subsidence. It proves that the constructed fishery ship collision risk assessment model and the developed fishery ship safety management and evaluation system are reliable and the prediction results are credible, which can provide scientific methods for the safety management and evaluation of fishery vessels. For the bridge area with complicated ship navigation conditions, it is necessary to use the actual navigable ship information obtained based on AIS data to estimate the distribution of ships in the bridge area to improve the accuracy of the calculation results.
A mini-review on MoS2 membrane for water desalination: Recent development and challenges
Authors: Opetubo Oriyomi Rasak , Kitalu Ricin , Oviroh Peter Ozaveshe , Oyinbo Sunday Temitope , Imoisili Patrick Ehi , Jen Tien-Chien
Published: October 2023

This review provides comprehensive studies of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) for water desalination. The most recent molecular dynamics simulation and experimental work on the design, fabrication, ion rejection, and water flux of MoS2 were summarized. Since MoS2 has excellent properties such as physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties compared to other 2D materials such as graphene-based nanomaterial, it is necessary to have a critical study on MoS2-based membranes. Hence, a critical review of MoS2-based membranes has been found essential for us to investigate and evaluate the findings in this field and objectively assess the current state-of-the-art in water desalination. The advantages of desalination technology and the primary approaches that have been used up until now are first outlined in this study, deeply emphasizing membrane technology. The primary mechanism of salt rejection in membrane technology is explained. Then, the types of MoS2-based membranes for water desalination are reviewed based on the different published works while critically reviewing the performance of each type of MoS2-based membranes.
Consolidation of actions in the field of global marine use
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science, Kolesnikova Marina
Published: October 2023

In early March 2023, the eighth international annual Our Ocean Conference was held in Panama City (Republic of Panama). Though organized by the government of Panama, the conference, in fact, was initiated in 2014 and has been permanently supervised by USA since then. In recent years, the number of large-scale events on the topics, related to the oceans, has increased dramatically. The main issues, resolved at such meetings, pertain to global environmental and climate problems, sustainable development of certain marine industries and the blue economy in general. Many international and regional organizations, coastal states and the EU are interested in holding such events. Founders get the chance to focus on the areas of marine activity that are important to them and consolidate common resources to achieve their goals, which may in the future provide them with favorable competitive conditions and dominant positions for managing global marine use.
Humza Yousaf – the New Leader of SNP
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Science, Ananieva Elena
Published: October 2023

The resignation of N. Sturgeon, SNP leader and First Minister of Scotland, was caused by political scandals and failures of her rule. Following the results of party elections, for the first time an ethnic Pakistani, a descendant of migrants H. Yousaf became leader of SNP and Scotland. An adherent of "woke" ideology, he had defeated the supporter of traditional values K. Forbes by a slight margin. Yousaf is unlikely to overcome the split in SNP, as well as create a sustained majority in public opinion for Scottish independence. The confrontation between Edinburgh and London will continue. The SNP's electoral chances are declining in favor of the Labour Party.