bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial properties of promising Zn–Fe based layered double hydroxides for the disinfection of real dairy wastewater effluents
Authors: Abdel Aziz Sahar Abdel Aleem , GadelHak Yasser , Mohamed Manar Bahaa El Din , Mahmoud Rehab
Published: May 2023

Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics is a serious challenge that requires novel antibacterial agents. Moreover, wastewater from dairy farms might contain countless number of pathogens, organic contaminants and heavy metals that consider a threat to the terrestrial and aquatic environment. Therefore, the development of cost-effective, highly operation-convenient, recyclable multifunctional antimicrobial agents became an urgent necessity. Layered double hydroxides (LDH) have shown promising results as antibacterial agents. However, more work is required to further investigate and improve the antimicrobial performance of LDH structures against pathogens. In this study three Zn–Fe based LDH were investigated for real dairy wastewater disinfection. The three LDH samples were cobalt substituted Zn–Fe LDH (CoZnFe), magnesium substituted Zn–Fe LDH (MgZnFe) and MgZnFe-Triazol LDH (MgZnFe-Tz) nanocomposite. Seventy-five wastewater samples were collected from a dairy farm sewage system. The sensitivity of isolated pathogens was tested against two commonly used disinfectants (Terminator and TH4) and was assessed against the three LDH samples at different concentrations. The overall prevalence of S.agalactiae, S.dysgalactiaeandStaph. aureuswas significantly at 80.0% (P-value = 0.008, X2 = 9.700). There was variable degree of resistance to the tested disinfectants, whereas the antimicrobial activity of CoZnFe LDH was increased significantly at a concentration of 0.005 mg/L followed by MgZnFe LDH while MgZnFe-Tz LDH showed minor antibacterial potency. It was concluded that CoZnFe LDH showed a better biocidal activity in killing the isolated resistant pathogens, making it a good choice tool in combating the zoonotic microbes in wastewater sources.
BIM-based digital platform and risk management system for mountain tunnel construction
Authors: Liu Naifei , Guo Desai , Song Zhanping , Zhong Shiming , Hu Ruoqi
Published: May 2023

During the construction of mountain tunnels, there are often various intricate and mutable potential hazards, the management and control of which are crucial to ensuring the safety of such construction. With the rapid advancement of engineering information technologies, including Building Information Model (BIM), the internet, big data, and cloud computing, dynamic management of mountain tunnel construction will inevitably become a prevailing trend. This paper proposes a new digital approach to realize the informatization and visualization of risk management in mountain tunnel construction, by combining monitoring measurement with advanced geological prediction based on BIM technology. The proposed approach suggests a BIM-based digital platform architecture for mountain tunnel construction, which is comprised of five layers—basic, model, data, application, and user. The integration of these five layers can realize risk management information during the construction of mountain tunnels. In addition, a set of dynamic risk management systems, including risk monitoring, identification, and assessment, can be established based on the digital platform. The digital platform and dynamic risk management system proposed in this paper have certain advantages in the construction of mountain tunnels, providing a new and significant way for the management of safety risks in such construction projects.
RNU12 inhibits gastric cancer progression via sponging miR-575 and targeting BLID
Authors: Wang Shaoli , Zou Changyan , Lin Xinyi , Hu Dan , Su Ying , He Huocong , Zheng Xiongwei , Zhang Lurong , Huang Tao , Liao Jin-rong , Lin Xiandong
Published: May 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major causes of cancer deaths with 5-year survival ratio of 20%. RNU12 is one of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulating the tumor progression. However, how RNU12 affecting GC is not clear. qRT-PCR was utilized for determining the RNU12 expression in cell lines, 113 cases of paired gastric cancer (GC) and their adjacent normal gastric tissues. The biofunction alterations of RNU12 were assessed by its overexpression or knockdown in GC cells. MTT and cloning assay were assayed for the cell proliferation, the flow cytometry for the detection of cell cycle and the wound healing assay (WHA) and transwell invasion assay (TIA) for examining the migration and invasion of cells. The expressions of a set of genes related proliferation and migration were investigated with the Western Blotting (WB). RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), biotinylated RNA pull-down and dual luciferase reporter tests were used to detect the interactions of RNU12 with miR-575/BLID. The in vivo proliferation and migration ability of RNU12 infected cells were determined in zebrafish system. This study revealed that RNU12 inhibited proliferation, invasion and metastasis by sponging of miR-575 and regulating the downstream BLID and modulated EMT of GC cells. The RNU12/miR-575/BLID axis is likely to be the prognosis biomarkers and drug targets of GC.
A new correlation belief function in Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and its application in classification
Authors: Tang Yongchuan , Zhang Xu , Zhou Ying , Huang Yubo , Zhou Deyun
Published: May 2023

Uncertain information processing is a key problem in classification. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (D-S evidence theory) is widely used in uncertain information modelling and fusion. For uncertain information fusion, the Dempster’s combination rule in D-S evidence theory has limitation in some cases that it may cause counterintuitive fusion results. In this paper, a new correlation belief function is proposed to address this problem. The proposed method transfers the belief from a certain proposition to other related propositions to avoid the loss of information while doing information fusion, which can effectively solve the problem of conflict management in D-S evidence theory. The experimental results of classification on the UCI dataset show that the proposed method not only assigns a higher belief to the correct propositions than other methods, but also expresses the conflict among the data apparently. The robustness and superiority of the proposed method in classification are verified through experiments on different datasets with varying proportion of training set.
Boundary optimization of inclined coal seam open-pit mine based on the ISSA–LSSVR coal price prediction method
Authors: Cao Bo , Wang Shuai , Bai Runcai , Zhao Bo , Li Qingyi , Lv Mingjia , Liu Guangwei
Published: May 2023

As an important link in the complex system engineering project of open pit mining, the quality of the boundary determines the performance of the project to a large extent. However, changes in economic indicators may raise doubts about the optimality of mining boundaries. In this article, a coal price time series forecasting model that considers some amount of redundancy is proposed, which combines an improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) and a least squares support vector regression machine regression (LSSVR) algorithm. The optimal values of the penalty factor and kernel function parameter of the LSSVR model are selected by ISSA, which improves the prediction accuracy and generalization performance of the forecasting model. A multistep decision optimization method under fluctuating coal price conditions is proposed, and the model prediction results are applied to the boundary optimization design process. Using the widely applied block model as the basis, a set of optimal production nested pits is obtained, allowing the realm design results to fit the coal price fluctuation trend and further enhance enterprise efficiency. The applicability and effectiveness of this method were verified by taking an ideal two-dimensional model and an inclined coal seam open-pit coal mine in Xinjiang as an example.
Picoplankton diversity in an oligotrophic and high salinity environment in the central Adriatic Sea
Authors: Šantić Danijela , Stojan Iva , Matić Frano , Trumbić Željka , Vrdoljak Tomaš Ana , Fredotović Željana , Piwosz Kasia , Lepen Pleić Ivana , Šestanović Stefanija , Šolić Mladen
Published: May 2023

By combining qualitative 16S metabarcoding and quantitative CARD-FISH methods with neural gas analysis, different patterns of the picoplankton community were revealed at finer taxonomic levels in response to changing environmental conditions in the Adriatic Sea. We present the results of a one-year study carried out in an oligotrophic environment where increased salinity was recently observed. We have shown that the initial state of community structure changes according to environmental conditions and is expressed as qualitative and quantitative changes. A general pattern of increasing diversity under harsh environmental conditions, particularly under the influence of increasing salinity at the expense of community abundance was observed. Considering the trend of changing seawater characteristics due to climate change, this study helps in understanding a possible structural change in the microbial community of the Adriatic Sea that could affect higher levels of the marine food web.
Assessment of the incremental prognostic value from the modified frailty index-5 in complete traumatic cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Shakil Husain , Jaja Blessing N. R. , Zhang Peng F. , Jaffe Rachael H. , Malhotra Armaan K. , Harrington Erin M. , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Witiw Christopher D.
Published: May 2023

Frailty, as measured by the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5), and older age are associated with increased mortality in the setting of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, there is limited evidence demonstrating an incremental prognostic value derived from patient mFI-5. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate in-hospital mortality among adult complete cervical SCI patients at participating centers of the Trauma Quality Improvement Program from 2010 to 2018. Logistic regression was used to model in-hospital mortality, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of regression models with age, mFI-5, or age with mFI-5 was used to compare the prognostic value of each model. 4733 patients were eligible. We found that both age (80 y versus 60 y: OR 3.59 95% CI [2.82 4.56], P < 0.001) and mFI-5 (score ≥ 2 versus < 2: OR 1.53 95% CI [1.19 1.97], P < 0.001) had statistically significant associations with in-hospital mortality. There was no significant difference in the AUROC of a model including age and mFI-5 when compared to a model including age without mFI-5 (95% CI Δ AUROC [− 8.72 × 10–4 0.82], P = 0.199). Both models were superior to a model including mFI-5 without age (95% CI Δ AUROC [0.06 0.09], P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that mFI-5 provides minimal incremental prognostic value over age with respect to in-hospital mortality for patients complete cervical SCI.
Data-driven automated control algorithm for floating-zone crystal growth derived by reinforcement learning
Authors: Tosa Yusuke , Omae Ryo , Matsumoto Ryohei , Sumitani Shogo , Harada Shunta
Published: May 2023

The complete automation of materials manufacturing with high productivity is a key problem in some materials processing. In floating zone (FZ) crystal growth, which is a manufacturing process for semiconductor wafers such as silicon, an operator adaptively controls the input parameters in accordance with the state of the crystal growth process. Since the operation dynamics of FZ crystal growth are complicated, automation is often difficult, and usually the process is manually controlled. Here we demonstrate automated control of FZ crystal growth by reinforcement learning using the dynamics predicted by Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM) from small numbers of trajectories. Our proposed method of constructing the control model is completely data-driven. Using an emulator program for FZ crystal growth, we show that the control model constructed by our proposed model can more accurately follow the ideal growth trajectory than demonstration trajectories created by human operation. Furthermore, we reveal that policy optimization near the demonstration trajectories realizes accurate control following the ideal trajectory.
Tuning the infrared resonance of thermal emission from metasurfaces working in near-infrared
Authors: Rasoga Oana , Dragoman Daniela , Dinescu Adrian , Dirdal Christopher Andrew , Zgura Irina , Nastase Florin , Baracu Angela Mihaela , Iftimie Sorina , Galca Aurelian Catalin
Published: May 2023

We simulated numerically and demonstrated experimentally that the thermal emittance of a metasurface consisting of an array of rectangular metallic meta-atoms patterned on a layered periodic dielectric structure grown on top of a metallic layer can be tuned by changing several parameters. The resonance frequency, designed to be in the near-infrared spectral region, can be tuned by modifying the number of dielectric periods, and the polarization and incidence angle of the incoming radiation. In addition, the absorbance/emittance value at the resonant wavelength can be tuned by modifying the orientation of meta-atoms with respect to the illumination direction.
Acute exercise as a modifier of neocortical plasticity and aperiodic activity in the visual cortex
Authors: Cadwallader Claire J. , Steiniger Jennifer , Cooper Patrick S. , Zhou Shou-Han , Hendrikse Joshua , Sumner Rachael L. , Kirk Ian J. , Chong Trevor T.-J. , Coxon James P.
Published: May 2023

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of neuroplasticity commonly implicated in mechanistic models of learning and memory. Acute exercise can boost LTP in the motor cortex, and is associated with a shift in excitation/inhibition (E:I) balance, but whether this extends to other regions such as the visual cortex is unknown. We investigated the effect of a preceding bout of exercise on LTP induction and the E:I balance in the visual cortex using electroencephalography (EEG). Young adults (N = 20, mean age = 24.20) engaged in 20 min of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise and rest across two counterbalanced sessions. LTP was induced using a high frequency presentation of a visual stimulus; a “visual tetanus”. Established EEG markers of visual LTP, the N1b and P2 component of the visual evoked potential, and an EEG-derived measure of the E:I balance, the aperiodic exponent, were measured before and after the visual tetanus. As expected, there was a potentiation of the N1b following the visual tetanus, with specificity to the tetanised stimulus, and a non-specific potentiation of the P2. These effects were not sensitive to a preceding bout of exercise. However, the E:I balance showed a late shift towards inhibition following the visual tetanus. A preceding bout of exercise resulted in specificity of this E:I balance shift to the tetanised stimulus, that was not seen following rest. This novel finding suggests a possible exercise-induced tuning of the visual cortex to stimulus details following LTP induction.
Cortical suspensory button fixation has superior biomechanical properties to knotless anchor suture in anterior cruciate ligament repair: a biomechanical study
Authors: Itthipanichpong Thun , Thamrongskulsiri Napatpong , Tangpornprasert Pairat , Virulsri Chanyaphan , Limskul Danaithep , Kuptniratsaikul Somsak , Tanpowpong Thanathep
Published: May 2023

The purpose of our biomechanical study was to assess load-to-failure, stiffness, gap formation following cyclic loading, and the failure mechanism for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair comparing the cortical suspensory button and knotless anchor suture. Eight Thiel’s embalmed paired cadaveric knees from four cadavers were dissected. The specimens were assigned to undergo ACL repair either with cortical suspensory button or with knotless anchor suture. The Instron machine replicates cyclic loading and then determines the gap formation. Traction was applied until failure. The load-to-failure, stiffness, and modes of failure in both groups were recorded. The load-to-failure, stiffness, and gap formation were compared between the two groups using the student's t-test. The mean load-to-failure in the cortical suspensory button group was significantly higher than the knotless anchor suture group (212.96 ± 54.57 vs 44.57 ± 20.80, p value < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found regarding gap formation following cyclic loading and stiffness between the cortical suspensory button group and the knotless anchor suture group. This biomechanical study showed a higher load-to-failure for the ACL repair with cortical suspensory button compared to ACL repair with knotless anchor suture, while no statistically significant difference was found regarding the gap formation following cyclic loading and the stiffness. The load-to-failure in both cortical suspensory button and knotless anchor suture are below regular daily activity load. Thus, an internal brace or external support is recommended during rehabilitation.
A prognostic model based on the Augmin family genes for LGG patients
Authors: Wang Tao , Yao Senbang , Li Siyu , Fei Xichang , Zhang Mingjun
Published: May 2023

Gliomas are the most prevalent primary tumors in the central nervous system. Despite some breakthroughs in the treatment of glioma in recent years, survival rates remain low. Although genes of the Augmin family play a key role in microtubule nucleation, the role they play in gliomas is unclear. Transcriptome data were extracted from UCSC XENA and GTEx for low-grade glioma (LGG) and normal tissues, respectively. The protein interaction network associated with Augmin family genes was established using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. Enrichment analysis of gene-related functions and pathways was used to explore potential biological pathways and TIMER to assess immune cell infiltration. Regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to look at the clinical characteristics of the Augmin family genes and the association with the prognosis of patients with glioma. The results showed that the mRNA expression of Augmin family genes was significantly elevated in LGG tissues, except for HAUS7. Immunoregulation, cell cycle, apoptosis and other signaling pathways may be involved in the development and progression of LGG. Except for HAUS4 and HAUS7, the expression of all genes was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. High expression of HAUS1, HAUS3, HAUS5, HAUS7, HAUS8 and low expression of HAUS4, HAUS6 in LGG was associated with poor prognosis. The risk models constructed based on the pivotal genes HAUS2, HAUS4 and HAUS8 were validated by nomogram and confirmed to be clinically useful for predicting the prognosis of LGG.
Microbiome analysis of thai traditional fermented soybeans reveals short-chain fatty acid-associated bacterial taxa
Authors: Wongsurawat Thidathip , Sutheeworapong Sawannee , Jenjaroenpun Piroon , Charoensiddhi Suvimol , Khoiri Ahmad Nuruddin , Topanurak Supachai , Sutthikornchai Chantira , Jintaridth Pornrutsami
Published: May 2023

Thua Nao is a Thai traditional fermented soybean food and low-cost protein supplement. This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial community in Thua Nao from northern Thailand and assess potentially active short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-related bacteria. Sixty-five Thua Nao consisting of 30 wet and 35 dried samples were collected from six provinces: Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Lampang, Lamphun, and Phayao. Bacterial diversity was significantly higher in the wet samples than in the dried samples. The dominant phyla were Firmicutes (92.7%), Proteobacteria (6.7%), Actinobacteriota (0.42%), and Bacteroidota (0.26%). The genus Bacillus (67%) was the most represented in all samples. Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Globicatella were enriched in the wet samples. Assessment of the SCFA-microbiota relationships revealed that high butyrate and propionate concentrations were associated with an increased Clostridiales abundance, and high acetate concentrations were associated with an increased Weissella abundance. Wet products contained more SCFAs, including acetate (P = 2.8e−08), propionate (P = 0.0044), butyrate (P = 0.0021), and isovalerate (P = 0.017), than the dried products. These results provide insight into SCFA-microbiota associations in Thua Nao, which may enable the development of starter cultures for SCFA-enriched Thua Nao production.
Activated Carbon: Fundamentals, Classification, and Properties
Authors: Ganjoo Richika , Sharma Shveta , Kumar Ashish , Daouda M. M. Arêmou
Published: May 2023

A class of amorphous carbonaceous materials with large porosity and internal surface area is referred to as “activated carbon,” or AC. Coconut shells, coal, and wood are the basic sources of ACs. Anthracite and bituminous coals have been the main sources of AC until recently, although AC may be made from any carbonaceous material. AC is an extremely effective adsorbent. It may be used to clean, dechlorinate, deodorize, and decolourize both liquid and vapour applications because of its large surface area, pore structure, and high degree of surface reactivity. Since the removal of contaminants requires carbonaceous materials with a high degree of porosity, well-developed surface area, and distinct functional groups, use of ACs is one of the finest methods for eliminating pollutants from aqueous solution and the atmosphere. ACs are also cost-effective adsorbents for a variety of sectors, including water purification, food-grade goods, cosmetics, automotive applications, industrial gas purification, petroleum, and precious metal recovery, mostly for gold. The classification, characteristics, and usage of AC are the main topics of this chapter.
The effect of chondroitin sulfate concentration and matrix stiffness on chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Ai Chengchong , Liu Ling , Wong Kallista , Tan Xuan Hao , Goh James C. H.
Published: May 2023

The effect of matrix stiffness and chondroitin sulfate concentration on stem cell chondrogenesis was investigated.
Surface energy alteration-derived grain size regulation countering capacity deterioration in high-voltage single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes
Authors: Guo Fuqiren , Hu Yang , Qiu Lang , Jiang Yuandi , Deng Yuting , Zhou Junbo , Zheng Zhuo , Liu Yang , Sun Yan , Wu Zhenguo , Song Yang , Guo Xiaodong
Published: May 2023

Surface energy alteration-derived grain size regulation provides both high-quality grain integrity and remarkable cycling stability for single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes.
Multi-shell structured upconversion nanocarriers that combine IDO inhibitor-induced immunotherapy with NIR-triggered photodynamic therapy for deep tumors
Authors: Choi Jongseon , Kim So Yeon
Published: May 2023

Combination therapies for cancer have attracted substantial research interest as an emerging treatment strategy that can reduce the chance of cancer resistance to chemotherapy and deal effectively with cancer cell heterogeneity.
Donor–acceptor bridge 2,5-bis(2-oxido-phenyl)thiazolo-[5,4-d]thiazole derived diruthenium and diosmium systems. Structural and competitive electronic events as a function of metal ion, bridge and ancillary ligand
Authors: Dhara Suman , Chakraborty Sarbajeet , Seikh Liton , Lahiri Goutam Kumar
Published: May 2023

Enhanced noninnocence of the donor (D)–acceptor (A)-derived bridge (phenolate (D) → phenoxide) on moving from Os to Ru and from bpy to pap, as well as redox insensitivity (electron uptake) of its central TzTz (A) unit.
Smart batteries enabled by implanted flexible sensors
Authors: Lu Yao , Wang Xiaodan , Mao Shuoyuan , Wang Depeng , Sun Daoming , Sun Yukun , Su Anyu , Zhao Chenzi , Han Xuebing , Li Kuijie , Feng Xuning , Liu Xiang , Kong Xiangdong , Lu Languang , Chu Zhengyu , Zhang Qiang , Ouyang Minggao
Published: May 2023

Smart batteries will penetrate all corners of the new energy field represented by Li-ion batteries. Smart batteries exhibit higher power performance, safety and durability.
Silver nitroprusside nanoparticles for breast cancer therapy: in vitro and in vivo approach
Authors: Londhe Swapnali , Haque Shagufta , Tripathy Sanchita , Bojja Sreedhar , Patra Chitta Ranjan
Published: May 2023

AgNNPs have significant tumor regression ability and can be used for efficient breast cancer therapeutics in the upcoming future.
Targeting CDK4/6 in glioblastoma via in situ injection of a cellulose-based hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Xia , Ning Like , Wu Hongshuai , Yang Suisui , Hu Ziyi , Wang Wenhong , Cao Yuandong , Xin Hongliang , You Chaoqun , Lin Fan
Published: May 2023

A cellulose-based hydrogel carrying CDK4/6 inhibitor was developed for the treatment of glioblastoma. It combines Fenton-like reaction and CDK4/6 inhibition to trigger sustained induction of senescence and apoptosis in glioblastoma via in situ injection into the tumor nidus.
Cyclic diaryliodonium salts: applications and overview
Authors: Singhal Rakshanda , Choudhary Satya Prakash , Malik Babita , Pilania Meenakshi
Published: May 2023

This review highlights the advancement in the synthesis and applications of cyclic diaryliodonium salts as well as provides new areas for future research in this subject.
Controllable conformation and reactivity of bicyclic α-methylene cyclopentanones and their NF-κB pathway inhibitory activity
Authors: Kohyama Aki , Shiuchi Aya , Zhou Yue , Tanioka Masaru , Sugimoto Kenji , Sakurai Hiroaki , Matsuya Yuji
Published: May 2023

We screened α-methylene cyclopentanones (MCPs) for NF-κB pathway inhibitory activity. The conformation of biologically active diastereomers was controllable by the stereochemistry of the side chain.
Reaction kinetics, mechanical characteristics, and microstructure of steel slag-cement binder modified with graphene oxide
Authors: Wang Qidong , Wang Xudong , Liu Hongxin
Published: May 2023

Graphene oxide (GO) was utilized as an additive to encourage the development of early strength in order to improve steel slag cement's low early strength.
AuPt nanoalloy with dual functionalities for sensitive detection of HPV16 DNA
Authors: Yu Qingcai , Qian Lisheng , Qiu Wanwei , Miao Yongmei , Zhang Jing , Wang Yan
Published: May 2023

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), one of the high-risk types, is responsible for 53% of cervical cancers.
Improving porous properties of activated carbon from carbon gel by the OTA method
Authors: Lawtae Panuwat , Nagaishi Shintaroh , Tangsathitkulchai Chaiyot , Iwamura Shinichiroh , Mukai Shin R.
Published: May 2023

The OTA method helps improve the porous properties of activated carbon providing higher surface area and mesopore volume than the conventional activation method.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Simulations of ionization equilibria in weak polyelectrolyte solutions and gels”’ by J. Landsgesell, L. Nová, O. Rud, F. Uhlík, D. Sean, P. Hebbeker, C. Holm and P. Košovan, Soft Matter, 2019, 15, 1155–1185
Authors: Košovan Peter , Landsgesell Jonas , Nová Lucie , Uhlík Filip , Beyer David , Blanco Pablo M. , Staňo Roman , Holm Christian
Published: May 2023

A defence and further discussions are provided for a recent review on simulations of ionization equilibria which address in detail the three main points made in the Comment.
Robust fabrication of ultra-soft tunable PDMS microcapsules as a biomimetic model for red blood cells
Authors: Chen Qi , Singh Naval , Schirrmann Kerstin , Zhou Qi , Chernyavsky Igor L. , Juel Anne
Published: May 2023

We design a suspension of ultra-soft, deflated PDMS microcapsules, which mimic the deformation of red blood cells when propagated at constant flow rate in confined capillary tubes, to serve as a valuable tool to investigate microhaemodynamics.
Making microgels photo-responsive by complexation with a spiropyran surfactant
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Gordievskaya Yulia D. , Lomadze Nino , Bekir Marek , Jung Se-Hyeong , Pich Andrij , Santer Svetlana
Published: May 2023

We report on triggering of p(NIPAM-AA) microgels’ photo-responsiveness by making complexes with a spiropyran (SP) containing surfactant.
Two birds with one stone: cobalt/silicon species encapsulated in MOF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon as an integrated electrode for next-generation symmetric pseudocapacitors with energy density over 100 W h kg−1
Authors: Mateen Abdul , Javed Muhammad Sufyan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Hussain Iftikhar , Najam Tayyaba , Ahmad Awais , Alothman Asma A. , Ouladsmane Mohamed , Eldin Sayed M. , Han Weihua , Peng Kui-Qing
Published: May 2023

The concept of “two birds with one stone” is employed to fabricate a symmetric pseudocapacitor. The Si/Co with optimized content in the MOF-derived N-doped carbon-based electrode can work at an ultra-large potential window of −1.0 to 0.4 V.
Efficient immobilization and bidirectional catalysis of polysulfide conversion by FeCoP quantum dots for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Minhui , Xu Xiao , Wang Hui , Wang Xuyun , Ma Xianguo , Ren Jianwei , Wang Rongfang
Published: May 2023

Using polysulfide electrocatalysts has become an effective strategy to improve the durability of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) by regulating the precipitation and dissolution of lithium sulfide in the electrolyte.
Two birds with one stone: engineering siloxane-based electrolytes for high-performance lithium–sulfur polyacrylonitrile batteries
Authors: Li Manxian , Chen Hongyang , Wang Yaxin , Chen Xiaochuan , Wu Junxiong , Su Jiaqian , Wang Manxi , Li Xuan , Li Chuanping , Ma Lianbo , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Yuming
Published: May 2023

A lightweight and weakly solvating siloxane-based electrolyte is proposed to link the lithium metal anode and sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode simultaneously for high energy density lithium–sulfur batteries.
Evaluating glioblastoma tumour sphere growth and migration in interaction with astrocytes using 3D collagen-hyaluronic acid hydrogels
Authors: Cui Yixiao , Lee Paul , Reardon Jesse J. , Wang Anna , Lynch Skylar , Otero Jose J. , Sizemore Gina , Winter Jessica O.
Published: May 2023

Glioblastoma cells co-cultured with astrocytes in col-HA hydrogels exhibit changes in migration patterns. 3Din vitromodels using ECM mimetic materials can be used to analyze glioma-astrocyte crosstalk.
Real-time monitoring norepinephrine exocytosis by high K+via an endoplasmic reticulum-targeting fluorescent probe
Authors: Xu Lizhen , Tan Dan , Wang Jiangyan , Li Jiangfeng , Lin Weiying
Published: May 2023

Norepinephrine (NE), a neurotransmitter, has multiple functions in the neural system and peripheral organs.
Efficient energy transfer in heparin-based co-assemblies of donor–acceptor cyanostilbenes
Authors: Bhaumik Shubhra Kanti , Kumar Nitish , Banerjee Supratim
Published: May 2023

Amphiphilic cyanostilbenes with donor–acceptor characteristics formed highly luminescent co-assemblies with heparin. Light-harvesting systems with near-infra-red emission were constructed using these co-assemblies and Nile red and Nile blue.
Valence state control of Cr4+-activated Li2SrGeO4for NIR-II light source to distinguish deuterium and non-deuterium reagents
Authors: Guo Xiaoxuan , Liu Bomei , Kuang Rongyi , Gan Weijiang , Huang Lin , Wang Jing
Published: May 2023

Li2SrGeO4:Cr4+ phosphors were prepared as NIR-II light source for distinguishing H2O/D2O.
A novel quasi‐hot standby fault‐tolerant control strategy for cascaded H‐bridge rectifier
Authors: Liao Xin , Wang Shunliang , Jiao Ning , Zhang Rui , Ma Junpeng , Liu Tianqi
Published: May 2023

Cascaded H‐bridge rectifier (CHBR) is widely used in high‐power fields such as STATCOM and power electric traction transformer (PETT) due to its high efficiency and easy expandability. With the high‐reliability operation requirements of power equipment, the fault‐tolerance capability has gradually become a research hotspot nowadays. In order to improve the reliability of the power supply, cascaded H‐bridge rectifier should restore as soon as possible after a fault. However, the traditional fault‐tolerant strategies have a great effect on the grid side and a long recovery time. This paper proposed a quasi‐hot standby fault‐tolerant control strategy. Compared with the traditional strategies, the quasi‐hot standby fault‐tolerant control strategy has a faster recovery speed after the malfunction, and its transient recovery process has less impact on the power grid. Simulation and experiment results show the effectiveness and good recovery performance of the proposed fault‐tolerant control strategy.
Revocable identity‐based matchmaking encryption in the standard model
Authors: Jiang Zhe , Wang Xiwen , Zhang Kai , Gong Junqing , Chen Jie , Qian Haifeng
Published: May 2023

Identity‐based Matchmaking Encryption (IB‐ME) is an extension notion of matchmaking encryption (CRYPTO 2019), where a sender and a receiver can specify an access policy for the other party. In IB‐ME, data encryption is performed by not only a receiver identity but also a sender's encryption key. Nevertheless, previous IB‐ME schemes have not considered the problem of efficient revocation. Hence, the authors introduce a new notion of revocable IB‐ME (RIB‐ME) and formalise the syntax and security model of RIB‐ME. In particular, the authors give an effective and simple construction of RIB‐ME in the standard model, whose security is reduced to the hardness of decisional bilinear Diffie—Hellman problem and computational Diffie—Hellman problem. In addition, the authors show two extensions of our RIB‐ME scheme to consider chosen‐ciphertext security and forward privacy.
Energy‐efficient train timetabling for a medium‐speed maglev line considering propulsion and suspension energy consumption
Authors: Lai Qingying , Liu Jun , Guo Shudong , Shi Xianliang , Zhao Chen , Ju Miaoyu
Published: May 2023

This paper addresses the energy‐efficient train timetabling problem for MSM systems, where both propulsion and suspension energy consumption are considered. The timetable design problem is modelled as a bi‐level model for a complete two‐way MSM line. The upper level determines the train departure time at the first station, which makes train operations more convenient for passengers. The lower level uses an empirical description of the train energy consumption as a function of segment running times, and an energy‐efficient timetable optimization model is built. In doing so, all the services in both directions along a certain planning horizon are considered while attending to a known passengers’ demand. Moreover, the convenience of considering energy consumption as part of a broad objective function that includes other relevant costs is pointed out. Then, a unified sequential solution algorithm is developed for an efficient and accurate solution of the bi‐level model. Experiments show that the proposed framework can generate a holographic timetable of energy‐efficient MSM containing multi‐dimensional variables such as time, space, velocity, and electrical quantities.
The impact of dust evolution on the dead zone outer edge in magnetized protoplanetary disks
Authors: Delage Timmy N. , Gárate Matías , Okuzumi Satoshi , Yang Chao-Chin , Pinilla Paola , Flock Mario , Stammler Sebastian Markus , Birnstiel Tilman
Published: May 2023

Context. The dead zone outer edge corresponds to the transition from the magnetically dead to the magnetorotational instability (MRI) active regions in the outer protoplanetary disk midplane. It has been previously hypothesized to be a prime location for dust particle trapping. A more consistent approach to access such an idea has yet to be developed, since the interplay between dust evolution and MRI-driven accretion over millions of years has been poorly understood.

Aims. We provide an important step toward a better understanding of the MRI–dust coevolution in protoplanetary disks. In this pilot study, we present a proof of concept that dust evolution ultimately plays a crucial role in the MRI activity.

Methods. First, we study how a fixed power-law dust size distribution with varying parameters impacts the MRI activity, especially the steady-state MRI-driven accretion, by employing and improving our previous 1+1D MRI-driven turbulence model. Second, we relax the steady-state accretion assumption in this disk accretion model, and partially couple it to a dust evolution model in order to investigate how the evolution of dust (dynamics and grain growth processes combined) and MRI-driven accretion are intertwined on million-year timescales, from a more sophisticated modeling of the gas ionization degree.

Results. Dust coagulation and settling lead to a higher gas ionization degree in the protoplanetary disk, resulting in stronger MRI-driven turbulence as well as a more compact dead zone. On the other hand, fragmentation has an opposite effect because it replenishes the disk in small dust particles which are very efficient at sweeping up free electrons and ions from the gas phase. Since the dust content of the disk decreases over millions of years of evolution due to radial drift, the MRI-driven turbulence overall becomes stronger and the dead zone more compact until the disk dust-gas mixture eventually behaves as a grain-free plasma. Furthermore, our results show that dust evolution alone does not lead to a complete reactivation of the dead zone. For typical T-Tauri stars, we find that the dead zone outer edge is expected to be located roughly between 10 au and 50 au during the disk lifetime for our choice of the magnetic field strength and configuration. Finally, the MRI activity evolution is expected to be crucially sensitive to the choice made for the minimum grain size of the dust distribution.

Conclusions. The MRI activity evolution (hence the temporal evolution of the MRI-induced α parameter) is controlled by dust evolution and occurs on a timescale of local dust growth, as long as there are enough dust particles in the disk to dominate the recombination process for the ionization chemistry. Once that is no longer the case, the MRI activity evolution is expected to be controlled by gas evolution and occurs on a viscous evolution timescale.
ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS
Authors: Bognár Zsófia , Sódor Ádám , Clark Ian R. , Kawaler Steven D.
Published: May 2023

Context. In 2020, a publication presented the first-light results for 18 known ZZ Ceti stars observed by the TESS Space Telescope during the first survey observations of the southern ecliptic hemisphere. However, in the meantime, new measurements have become available from this field, in many cases with the new, 20 s ultrashort cadence mode.

Aims. We investigated the similarities and differences in the pulsational behaviour of the observed stars between the two observational seasons, and searched for new pulsation modes for asteroseismology.

Methods. We performed Fourier analysis of the light curves using the standard pre-whitening process, and compared the results with frequencies obtained from the earlier data. Utilising the 2018 version of the White Dwarf Evolution Code, we also performed an asteroseismic analysis of the different stars. We searched for models with seismic distances in the vicinity of the Gaia geometric distances.

Results. We detected several new possible pulsation modes of the studied pulsators. In the case of HE 0532-5605, we found a similar brightening phase to the one presented in the 2020 first-light paper, which means this phenomenon is recurring. Therefore, HE 0532-5605 appears to be a new outbursting DAV star. We also detected a lower-amplitude brightening phase in the star WD J0925+0509. However, this case has proven to be the result of the passage of a Solar System object in the foreground. We accept asteroseismic model solutions for six stars.
Discovery of a substellar companion in the TESS light curve of the δ Scuti/γ Doradus hybrid pulsator HD 31221
Authors: Kálmán Sz. , Derekas A. , Csizmadia Sz. , Szabó Gy. M. , Hegedűs V. , Smith A. M. S. , Kovács J. , Ziegler C. , Pál A. , Szabó R. , Parviainen H. , Murgas F.
Published: May 2023

Context. Close-in, sub-stellar companions to δ Scuti type stars present a highly suitable testbed for examining how planetary-mass objects can influence stellar pulsations.

Aims. We aim to constrain the mass of HD 31221 b, probe its atmosphere, and demonstrate how it affects the pulsational pattern of its host, HD 31221.

Methods. We made use of the available data from the short-cadence Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We modeled the nine observed transits and the out-of-phase variations, including Doppler beaming, ellipsoidal variations, and the reflection effect. We also incorporated ground-based photometry from the MuSCAT2 imager installed at the 1.52 m Telescopio Carlos Sanchez in the Teide Observatory, Spain, as well as speckle interferometry from the Southern Astrophysical Research telescope.

Results. We found HD 31221 b to have an orbital period of 4.66631 ± 0.00011 days, with a radius of 1.32 ± 0.14 RJ and a mass of 11.5 ± 10.3 MJ (from the ellipsoidal effect), making it consistent with either a brown dwarf or a giant planet. As HD 31221 is a rapid rotator (v sin I⋆ = 175.31 ± 1.74 km s−1), we deduced the spin-orbit misalignment to be λ = −121.6 ± 14.4° and I⋆ = 55.9 ± 11.3°. The phase curve is dominated by the reflection effect, with a geometric albedo of 1.58 ± 0.50. We also found evidence that HD 31221 is a δ Scuti/γ Doradus hybrid pulsator. There are three cases for which the 3rd, 85th, and 221st orbital harmonics almost exactly coincide with peaks in the Fourier spectrum of the star, hinting at tidally perturbed stellar oscillations.

Conclusions. HD 31221 b is the third substellar object that is found to be disrupting the pulsations of its host, following HAT-P-2 and WASP-33. Additional photometric observations by CHEOPS and/or PLATO can be used to further constrain its mass and provide a more in-depth analysis of its atmosphere.
Residual eccentricity of an Earth-like planet orbiting a red giant Sun
Authors: Lanza A. F. , Lebreton Y. , Sallard C.
Published: May 2023

Context. The late phases of the orbital evolution of an Earth-like planet around a Sun-like star are revisited in order to consider the effect of density fluctuations associated with convective motions inside the star.

Aims. Such fluctuations produce a random perturbation of the stellar outer gravitational field that excites a small residual eccentricity in the orbit of the planet. This counteracts the effects of tides, which tend to circularize the orbit.

Methods. We computed the power spectrum of the outer gravitational field fluctuations of the star in the quadrupole approximation and studied their effects on the orbit of the planet using a perturbative approach. The residual eccentricity is found to be a stochastic variable showing a Gaussian distribution.

Results. Adopting a model of the stellar evolution of our Sun computed with Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA), we find that the Earth will be engulfed by the Sun when it is close to the tip of the red giant branch phase of evolution. We find a maximum mean value of the residual eccentricity of ~0.026 immediately before engulfment. Considering an Earth-mass planet with an initial orbital semimajor axis sufficiently large to escape engulfment, we find that the mean value of the residual eccentricity is greater than 0.01 for an initial separation of up to ~l.4 au.

Conclusions. The engulfment of the Earth by the red giant Sun is found to be a stochastic process instead of being deterministic as assumed in previous studies. If an Earth-like planet escapes engulfment, its orbit around its remnant white dwarf (WD) star will be moderately eccentric. Such a residual eccentricity of on the order of a few hundredths can play a relevant role in sustaining the pollution of the WD atmosphere by asteroids and comets, as observed in several objects.
Hilfsmittel im Alltag für die rheumatische Hand – packen wir es an!
Authors: Maria Pothmann Carina Eva , Koch Ruth , Bause Ludwig
Published: May 2023

In diesem Artikel werden die verschiedenen Hilfsmittel für betroffene Patienten
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mit Deformitäten und Einschränkungen der Hand im Rahmen rheumatischer Erkrankungen zusammengefasst und veranschaulicht. Die Ursachen und Formen der Destruktionen der Hand werden erläutert. Die verschiedenen Wirkprinzipien von Hilfsmitteln und Vermeidungstaktiken legen wir dar. Zudem stellen wir den Weg der Hilfsmittelversorgung, aktuelle Leitlinien und die Beratung und Anpassung durch die Ergotherapie vor. Die Diskrepanz von positivem Einfluss einer frühzeitigen Hilfsmittelversorgung Betroffener und der tatsächlich geringen Zahl der Verordnungen wird diskutiert. Die Tücken der Evidenzlage werden aufgegriffen. Durch Information und leitliniengerechtes Handeln kann das Leben betroffener Patienten nachhaltig positiv verändert werden, helfen Sie mit!
Orthesen an der Hand
Authors: Scholz Roger
Published: May 2023

Die Hand als besonders unter funktionellen Gesichtspunkten wesentlicher Teil des Haltungs- und Bewegungsapparates stellt an die orthopädietechnische Versorgung sehr hohe Ansprüche. Je nach Indikation stehen stabilisierende, schmerzlindernde, korrigierende oder funktionelle Aspekte, bisweilen auch deren Kombination im Vordergrund. Eine hohe Individualität, ein oft erheblicher Zeit- und Kostenaufwand stehen einer nicht selten nur geringeren Akzeptanz des Hilfsmittels gegenüber. Die Kenntnis des Behandlungszieles, die Einbindung des Patienten in komplexe multimodale Therapien und die intensive Gebrauchsschulung können diese Herausforderungen bewältigen helfen. Die zumeist mangelhafte Ergebnisevaluation der Orthesenbehandlung allgemein und der an der Hand im Besonderen ist seit vielen Jahren eine bekannte Schwierigkeit, die allerdings zumindest zu einem großen Teil methodenbedingt ist.
Wirbelsäulenorthese bei entzündlich rheumatischen Krankheiten
Authors: Brandt Jörg
Published: May 2023

Orthesen können Strukturen des Stütz- und Bewegungsapparates entlasten, stabilisieren, immobilisieren, korrigieren oder deren Bewegungsführung unterstützen. Mit modernen Werkstoffen lassen sich Flexibilität und Rigidität in unterschiedlichen Bewegungsrichtungen kombinieren. Sie gestatten die funktionelle Behandlung bei einer zunehmenden Zahl von Erkrankungen und vermeiden strukturgefährdende Immobilisation. Rheumatische Erkrankungen, die sekundäre Instabilitäten der Wirbelsäule nach sich ziehen, sind eine Domäne der konservativen Therapie mit Orthesen. Entlastung, Ruhigstellung und Bewegungsbegrenzung können mit Orthesen unterschiedlicher Bauweisen als individuelle Maßanfertigung oder konfektionierte Fertigteilorthese erreicht werden. Sie werden als alleiniges Therapiemittel oder ergänzend zu operativen Eingriffen eingesetzt.
Coronary Sparing Aneurysmectomy
Authors: Radner Caroline , Hagl Christian , Juchem Gerd , Dashkevich Alexey
Published: May 2023

Repairing left ventricular aneurysms that form after myocardial infarction may be challenging, especially if located close to the important native coronary arteries. Here, we describe a rare case of anterolateral aneurysm of the basal LV wall and a safe, efficient approach for a patch plasty sparing the native left anterior descending.