bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depression: a new look at etiopathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Dmytrivna Rudkovska Oksana
Published: January 2023

Depression is considered a multifactorial disease, the trigger of which is unknown. Eye diseases and depressive disorders may have a common trigger - excessively constricted pupils (experimental data). The hypothesis of the occurrence of depression: in genetically predisposed individuals, long-term negative emotions cause - through cortico-nuclear pathways - excessive narrowing of the pupils. Narrowed pupils (reduction of light flux) through the optic-vegetative system trigger pathological biochemical processes in the body, which leads to deterioration of the mental and physical conditions of patients. It is proposed to investigate experimentally (taking into account the principle of "direct - feedback" in the optic-vegetative system), whether the terms of treatment of patients with postpartum depression will be shortened when dilating one pupil with atropine (simulation of Adi's syndrome) against the background of standard therapy. With a positive effect of treatment, the above method can be used for other types of depressive disorders
The impact of divorce on middle & high schools students
Authors: Issen Ousman Youssouf , Bulut Sefa
Published: January 2023

This paper discusses the impact of divorce on middle and high school students' education. Considering the recent rise in the proportion of divorce and the students drop-out of school in UK, and Turkey,1,2 it is crucial to write about this topic to raise awareness of parents, teachers, counselors, social workers about it, and to contribute to the ongoing discussions about the impact of divorce on different age group of people. The main aim of this paper is to explain the concept of divorce, its impact on middle and high school students and also to provide school and parents based prevention strategies as well as school counselor and intervention techniques. By doing so, the paper anticipates to draw the attention of parents, schools, school counselors, and researchers considering this significant problem. The paper starts with a brief definition of divorce, followed by divorce impacts on middle and high school students, prevention strategies, and some intervention techniques that could be applied by teachers, school counselors, and parents to minimize the psychological effect of divorce on students from divorced parents
The challenges of severe laparoschisis management in rural health facilities: a case from Bominenge health district facility
Authors: Kombi Charles , Nzabo Bidashimwa , Mastaki Jerome , Lokangaka Adrien , Lomendje Gustave , Kabuyaya Médard , Bosenya Joel
Published: January 2023

The management of severe laparoschisis is a big challenge in health facilities with limited technical capabilities. Unfortunately up to date, there is little data/research on this concern in Congolese medical practice and the etiology is still unclear. The case we report was born from vaginal delivery at the health center and then was referred to the referral hospital for adequate care, as the management was not appropriate, it was later aggravated by symptoms of sepsis and resulted in death. An appropriate management of such a case requires a total and frank collaboration between the health care’s providers and patients relatives. It also raises a need for further research toward appropriate management, not to mention preventive interventions.
Pediatric primary mediastinal lymphoma – a descriptive study of a single cancer center of Bangladesh
Authors: Kumar Ghosh Ashis , Mohammad Al-Amin Abu Naser , Fan Hua
Published: January 2023

Lymphomas involving the mediastinum occur in a wide age range and represent heterogeneous histological subtypes with various clinical symptoms and complex radiological findings. However, this cross sectional study that describes the clinical, pathological and radiological features of Bangladeshi pediatric patients aged less than 18 years. The study conducted in National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital with 71 primary pediatric mediastinal masses, diagnosed between 2014 and 2018 and evaluated at enrollment or admission in the department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (PHO). The presence of extra thoracic lymph node involvement was excluded from the study. All patients were underwent computerized tomography (CT) or ultra sound (USG) guided needle biopsy. Only diagnosed cases of lymphoma (N-38) with mediastinal mass on chest radiography or CT scan were taken for analysis. Mediastinal lymphoma was 38 in number which, 16.30% of total (N-233) pediatric lymphoma of PHO. The median age of the patients was 11.43 years with mostly (68.42%) in 10-17 years age group. Males and females were equal in number. Common symptoms of the patients were fever, cough, dyspnea, chest pain. Most common side involved by tumors were anterior mediastinum 68.42% (N-26) followed by middle mediastinum 50% (N-19), Posterior mediastinum 10.53% (N-4) and superior mediastinum 7.9% (N-3). More than one mediastinal anatomical side involvement was in 34.21% (N-13) cases. Tissue biopsy revealed non Hodgkin Lymphoma were 86.84% (N-33), Hodgkin Diseases 10.53% (N-4) and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) 2.63% (N-1). All tumors were malignant with 73.68% metastasis. Pediatric mediastinal mass is a troublesome condition for doctors during emergency management at presentation, for interventional radiologists during tissue biopsy, pathologists during histopathological examination and oncologists during treatment planning. A few publications narrated the pediatric mediastinal oncological conditions but in Bangladesh no such study has conducted before addressing the pediatric mediastinal lymphoma. So we conducted this study to show the importance of development of infrastructure to manage these type of tumors successfully.
The importance of evaluation in adults between 45 and 65 years old
Authors: Nigri Loretta Fabianne
Published: January 2023

Hearing loss is a public health problem that affects the individual's communication that requires a multidisciplinary evaluation and an intervention as soon as possible to improve his/her quality of life.
Musical practice to improve the quality of life in older people
Authors: Carrasco Ana Mercedes Vernia
Published: January 2023

The work that is presented, collects a small sample of older people who participated in a choral group, whose activity was interrupted by covid19. The activities of this group gradually recovered, as the contagions decreased. A series of tests were carried out on a small sample after having resumed musical activity, during the month of March 2022. After the significant increase in infections at the end of December 2022, musical activities were paralyzed and it was measured again with the same tests to the small participating sample in January 2022. The tests used were the WHOQOL-B (Quality of Life Test of the World Health Organization), HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and the EAR (Scale of Rosemberg's self-esteem). Part of the results obtained are published, highlighting the importance that musical practice had regarding psychological health and interpersonal relationships.
Nerve agents: chemical structures, effect mechanisms and detection methods
Authors: Yagmuroglu Ozan , Subasi Bilgen
Published: January 2023

With the discovery of chemical weapons, mankind has faced a great threat. These weapons are also called weapon of mass destruction and cause mass human deaths in the region where they are used, regardless of whether they are soldiers or civilians. Countries have focused on chemical defense activities because of the easy production and development of chemical weapons and negative psychological effects on the public. Many people were killed or injured due to the use of chemical weapons during World War I. Nerve agents started to be used in making chemical weapons before World War II began. Thus, the threat of chemical weapons on humanity has reached a much more critical point. Especially during World War II and the Cold War, the development of chemical weapons and the production of nerve agents increased more than ever.In this review, various sensor systems developed for detecting nerve agents have been investigated and these sensors have been compared in terms of operating principles and detection limits.
“What we learn today is how we behave tomorrow”: a study on satisfaction level and implementation of environmental health ethics in Nigeria institutions
Authors: Olalekan Raimi Morufu
Published: January 2023

Background The professionalism of environmental health practitioners (EHPs) has been an emerging trend in Nigeria and is governed by the EHORECON, though the EHPs are aware of their professional responsibilities but are concerned about the lack of active engagement with their professional board. Whilst empirical research was undertaken to comprise a case study of a group of EHPs practising to assess the “reality”, on the ground, in terms of the level of awareness and understanding among EHPs about their ethical and professional responsibilities and related challenges. Objective This study assesses the level of satisfaction with the implementation of the Environmental Health Ethics in institutions in Nigeria. Methods Online google form was used to access a large group of EHPs. One hundred and thirty-nine (139) questionnaires were settled for, as the sample size for the study through an adapted and validated questionnaire instrument. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software. Results Most of the practitioners, in general, were satisfied (85.6%) and the teaching method (54.0%) informed their decision. However, the ethical cases that were of the most concern to the majority of the practitioners (53.2%) were negligence. Conclusions This study contributes some ideological facts to the existing literature and practice in nature. Even though, to come to the generalization with the aid of the particular study findings is complex. The study found satisfactory perceptions that signal a need for increased communication between professional bodies, respective organization/institutions, and practitioners regarding applied ethics in environmental health practice so that curriculums could reflect both theory and application. Also, decision-making guides that are empirically informed and tailored for practitioners having some value should be emphasized upon.
Tunneling transmission coefficient from the external electric field barrier
Authors: Hüseyin Erbil Hasan
Published: January 2023

According to classical physics theories, a moving particle cannot move to an environment with greater potential energy than its total energy during movement. But according to quantum theories, this event is well known. This event is called tunneling. Tunneling is a probability, and it is measured by a transmission coefficient. Correct calculation of this coefficient is very important because very sensitive and important instruments have been developed based on this event, and many events in nature can be explained by tunneling. This coefficient is generally calculated by semi-classical approaches (WKB) and the known formula is an approximate formula. In previous publications, the general transmission coefficient of a potential barrier with arbitrary form is calculated by a simple method without any approximation. The results are applied to calculate the half-life values of the nuclei that emit alpha particles. The half-life values obtained from our calculations and the classical method (WKB) have been compared, and it has been found that the new half-life values are exactly consistent with the experimental values. In this article, this general transmission coefficient is applied to calculate transmission coefficient for an arbitrary form external electrical field barrier (cold emission by the metal). The values obtained from our calculations and those of classical method (WKB) have been compared.
A simple theory of earthquakes according to quantum mechanics
Authors: Hüseyin Erbil Hasan
Published: January 2023

Centuries have passed to understand the earthquake, which is a natural phenomenon. Many earthquake theories have been put forward as a result of hundreds of years of observations and theories. Some of these theories have been accepted, and some have not been accepted at all. Important ones of the currently accepted earthquake theories are given by Keiiti Aki and Paul G. Richards in a book published in 1979 and 2009, and cited in references. All these earthquake models contributed by these authors are based on the seismic wave propagation theory. It is based on the fact that seismic waves occur as a result of ruptures, fragmentations, dispersions and sliding of some layers on each other in the earth and the classical spread of these waves. Calculation of earthquake parameters is mostly made with the values obtained by statistical models of observed values. All calculations are based on classical physics laws. In this article, the theory we have given is proposed according to the laws of Quantum Mechanics. Therefore, the calculation of earthquake parameters does not depend on any statistical model. In this proposed new earthquake model, magnitude of the earthquake, its energy that may be released when the earthquake will occur, the depth of the earthquake from the earth surface, and in which regions it may occur on earth can be predicted in advance. This will enable people to take precautions in advance. It appears that quantum mechanics can also be applied to macroscopic physical phenomena.
Nonlinear dynamic response analysis of a pressurized carbon nanotube resting on winklerpasternak foundation using multi-dimensional differential transform method
Authors: Yinusa AA , Sobamowo MG , Adelaja AO , Oguntala GA , Salawu SA
Published: January 2023

The tremendous strength and light weight properties of Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have fascinated the interest of researchers and scientists towards using CNTs for thermal, chemical, optical, electrical, structural and mechanical applications. This paper presents analytical solutions to the nonlinear dynamic response, shear force and bending moment of such CNTs. The CNT is modeled via thermal elasticity mechanics and Euler-Bernoulli theories. Without linearization, series expansion or omission of any independent variable, the developed nonlinear model that governs the physics of the behaviour of the CNT when excited by the aforementioned external agents is solved using transient differential transform method (TDTM) and verified with an inbuilt numerical scheme in MAPLE16. The results of the generated close form solution in this work are also compared with those of past works and excellent agreements are achieved. The parametric studies revealed that an increase in pressure term increases CNT deflection for any mode while a corresponding increase in the temperature and foundation parameters have an attenuating impact on deflection. Finally, the dynamic study reveals that locations with maximum bending moments are observed to possess minimum shear forces. It is envisaged that this work will enhance the use of CNTs for structural, electrical and mechanical applications.
The dominant and defeated theory for sociology of acculturation in clothing, food, color by Ibn Khaldun, judge of Mamlukids, dialogue or clash
Authors: Shahidipak Mohammadreza
Published: January 2023

By studying extensive and rapid changes in acculturation between Jew, Islamic,Christian societies of western and eastern of Mediterranean,Ibn Khaldun succeeded to presenting a secular model for justify behavior of states, individuals and societies in tight conflict of power circulation in open Mediterranean societies, which has existed for several centuries since his time. It is important for human sciences and it is based on the natural necessity of society. Ibn Khaldoun's theory has its roots in Qur'an that dominant people are not satisfied with defeated people unless they see them in color of their culture and nations.The theory of dominant and defeated has deep and wider roots in Islamic world, and before Ibn Khaldun and his descendants, it reaches use of word "dominance" in Farabi's social theory, but Ibn Khaldun was in course of a concrete event that was taking place in two section of Islamic worlds and this situation challenged Mamlukids of Egypt and Bani Ahmar kingdom of Andalusia. Based on these daily observations, he presented theory of dominant and defeated which shaped and related upon power and natural necessary spread of culture, which is called social necessity in modern science of sociology.Just as dying Islamic states had succumbed to autograph of their fall, the people of societies were also subject to dominant power in their outward behavior of covering, food, smells and appearances. Contemporary studies of Ibn Khaldun and after him about alienation of women and following the dominant culture in food and clothing, entertainment, doing all the things similar to actions of dominant people that showed in medieval texts, which include specialized terms in field of theory of dominant and subjugated. It is like "the word “Tahrosh" and its direct effect on instability of West of Islamic societies, which was created in same period and some time before Ibn Khaldun. The continuous stability and instability of Cairo from the Fatimids to the Mamlukids period is a direct process of invasion in open Mediterranean societies and continuation of Mongols battles and Crusaders of in Levant (Shamat) that is developing in east from eastern Mediterranean to Indian Ocean.It seems that theories that believe in necessity of civilization and culture and end of history are victorious and there is no place for any kind of cultural fusion. In modern sociology, this phenomenon is referred to as " َ Acculturation”. Is there some kind of convergence between contemporary theories about relationship between civilizations &cultures and Ibn Khaldun's theory that was presented earlier?
Influences of the present crises from Romania on employment
Authors: Stanciu Mariana
Published: January 2023

The article is showing the main consequances of the multiple but especially energy crises on some of the relevant social and economic indicators of Romania during 2020-2022, with accent on the field of employment and working places. We analize also, the intervention of the Romanian social protection system in order to improve quality of life for the poor population, the used data being compared with European relevant context. The article is supporting its allegations by some objective indicators published by Eurostat, Romanian National Institute for Statistics, UniCredit Romania, Bruegel.org and others.
A genre analysis of Social Stories for individuals with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Yip Jesse W C
Published: January 2023

Developed by Carol Gray, Social StoriesTM is used to conduct behavioural interventions for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) for the sake of developing and improving their social cognition, understanding, and skills. Existing guidelines for social story writing have been widely used by healthcare professionals. However, learners of social story writing face difficulties in following and comprehending the guidelines. This study aims to enhance understanding of social story composition from a discourse-pragmatic perspective. Drawing upon the framework of genre theory and move analysis, the study reveals and elucidates move structure, communicative purposes and rhetorical devices in Social StoriesTM. The study argues that Social StoriesTM are not narrative but a combination of informative and instructional discourse. This research suggests that genre study of Social StoriesTM supplements and facilitates learning and understanding of social story writing in healthcare professional training.
Group Membership and Deviance Punishment
Authors: Bonetto Eric , Carsel Timothy S , Adam-Troian Jais , Varet Florent , Keeran Lindsay M , Lo Monaco Grégory , Piermattéo Anthony
Published: January 2023

Deviance Punishment is an important issue for social-psychological research. Group members tend to punish deviance through rejection, ostracism and – more commonly – negative judgments. Subjective Group Dynamics proposes to account for social judgement patterns of deviant and conformist individuals. Relying on a group identity management perspective, one of the model’s core predictions is that the judgment of a deviant target depends on group membership. More specifically, the model predicts that deviant ingroup members should be judged more negatively than outgroup ones. Although this effect has been repeatedly observed over the past decades, there is a current lack of sufficiently powered studies in the literature. For the first time, we conducted tests of Subjective Group Dynamics in France and the US to investigate whether ingroup deviants were judged more harshly than outgroup ones. Across six experiments and an internal mini meta-analysis, we observed no substantial difference in judgment between ingroup and outgroup deviant targets, d = -0.01, 95% CI[-0.07, 0.06]. The findings’ implications for deviance management research are discussed.
Monitoring of Oxythyrea Funesta and Tropinota Hirta Species in Fruit Shrub Plantations in Cluj County
Authors: HULUJAN Ionuţ-Bogdan , FLORIAN Teodora , BUNESCU Horia
Published: January 2023

Two species of the family Cetoniidae are commonly found in agricultural ecosystems: Oxythyrea funesta (Poda, 1761) and Tropinota hirta (Poda, 1761). These are polyphagous, attacking annual plants, fruit trees and shrubs but also plants from spontaneous flora. In 2020-2022, the presence of these two pests in the blackberry and black currant plantations was monitored, using Barber traps and blue containers with ecomonal products, (E)-anethole and (E)-cinnamyl alcohol and (±)-lavandulol and 2-phenyletanol. Species have been identified by morphological characters. The studies were carried out in the blackberry collection from USAMV Cluj-Napoca and in the ecological currant plantation in Recea Cristur - Cluj County (Romania). In the variant with (E)-anethole and (E)-cinnamyl alcohol in the three years, 318 individuals were captured, of which 282 of Tropinota hirta Poda (representing 88.7% of the total catches) and 36 individuals of Oxythyrea fatesta Poda. In the variant with (±)-lavandulol and 2-phenyletanol in the three years, 218 individuals were captured of which 139 were Oxythyrea funesta Poda (representing 63.8% of the total catches) and 79 individuals of Tropinota hirta Poda. These ecomonal products may be useful in monitoring and/or control these species.  In Barber traps, catches were very low and they are not recommended in monitoring of these species.
Larvicidal Efficacy of a Tropical Seaweed (Dictyota ciliolata) Extracts on Vectorial Mosquito Species and Non-Target Effect on Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: ADETORO Fouad Abidemi , LAWAL Muyideen Owonire , ELEGBELEYE Owoyemi Wahab , OKUBADEJO Oluwadamilola Ruqayyah , TRUSCOTT Anthony Oladipupo , ADEGBITE Murisiq Olalekan
Published: January 2023

Extracts of seaweeds are promising candidates for eco-friendly, safe, and biodegradable larvicides and as alternatives to chemical larvicides used in mosquito control strategies. This study evaluated the larvicidal effects of Dictyota ciliolata on the mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The seaweed was extracted using ethanol and methanol. The larvicidal assays were conducted per WHO standards by exposing twenty 4th instar larvae to 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mg/L of the derived extracts. The LC50 and LC95 values were obtained by calculating the probit values of the observed mortalities. LC50 of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Dictyota ciliolata against Anopheles gambiae larvae were 238.45 mg/L and 497.28 mg/L respectively; 179.02 mg/L and 224.96 mg/L respectively against Aedes aegypti, and 167.49 mg/L and 226.69 mg/L respectively for Culex quinquefasciatus. The results established that ethanolic and methanolic seaweed extracts were most influential on Culex quinquefasciatus followed by Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. Although mortalities were recorded for Poecilia reticulata, such may not be enough to de-emphasize the observed larvicidal potentials of Dictyota ciliolata as some other factors could have been responsible for the said mortalities in the non-target species.
Haemoparasite Prevalence, Genetic Diversity of TLR2B Gene and Relationship with Haematological Parameters in Chicken
Authors: ILORI Babatunde Moses , ADELEKE Matthew Adekunle , ADELEYE Adebisi Adegboyega , OGUNTADE David Oluwafemi , DUROSARO Samuel Olutunde , OSONOWO Olufemi Adekunle , TAKEET Michael Irewole , AKANO Kayode , OJOAWO Henry Temitope Akinloluwa , OZOJE Michael Ohiokhuaobo
Published: January 2023

Haemoparasite constitute a major challenge in native chicken production in Africa. This study determines the genetic diversity and the effect of TLR2B gene polymorphism on haemoparasite and haematology of the chickens based on genotype and sex. 600 chickens of 25 weeks old consisting of Naked neck (NN), Normal feather (NF), and the Frizzle feather (FF) reared in battery cage-system were sampled for blood and analyzed for haematology, parasite occurrence and load, polymerase chain reaction, and gene sequencing. Polymorphisms were detected and their effect on haematology was determined. Results showed the occurrence of Plasmodium gallinacieum, Trypanosoma brucei, and Leucocytozoon schoutedeni with NF having the highest occurrence followed by NN and FF chicken genotype. There was a significant (P <0.05) effect of genotype and sex on haematology. Seven of the eight polymorphism detected were singleton and found only in NF while parsimonious 656GA was detected in all the chicken genotypes with no relationship with haematology and haemoparasite. NF had the highest nucleotide (0.00114) and haplotype diversity (0.584). The study revealed the occurrence of genetic variation in TLR2B gene, haematology, and haemoparasite in FUNAAB Alpha chickens which could provide baseline information in future breeding programmes of the chicken for the tropical environment.
Effect of Lactoferrin on Paraoxonase Activity, Some Acute Phase Proteins and Oxidant/Antioxidant System
Authors: OZTURKLER Melek , ATAKISI Onur
Published: January 2023

Lactoferrin is a member of the high affinity to glycoprotein family of transferrin for iron and plays a role in natural immunity as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory, bone health and immunomodulation. The aim this study was to investigate of the acute effect of lactoferrin on paraoxonase activity, oxidant/antioxidant system and total protein, albumin and globulin. This study was carried out on 6-month Sprague Dawley rats in a total number of 20 subjects. Paraoxonase activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), total protein, albumin and globulin levels were measured through the spectrophotometer. When the lactoferrin group was compared with the control group, it was found that TAC levels were statistically higher (P<0.05), TOC levels were statistically lower (P<0.01) and paraoxonase activity was statistically higher (P<0.05). There was no difference in total protein and globulin levels in the lactoferrin group compared to the control group. As a result, acute lactoferrin administration may play an important role in the regulation of antioxidant balance by increasing paraoxonase activity and decreasing the level of reactive oxygen species.
Sulfur dioxide dinamic in Sauvignon Blanc and Neuburger dry white wines
Authors: SÎRBU Alexandra Doina , TOMOIAGĂ Liliana Lucia , RĂCOARE Horia Silviu , ŞERBU Florin Doru , CHEDEA Veronica Sanda
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate the sulfur dioxide dinamic in two dry white wines Sauvignon blanc and Neuburger produced in Tarnave vineyard in order to check if there is any grape cultivar influence on this compound addition. Four wines (Sauvignon blanc 2018 and 2019 and Neuburger 2018 and 2019) were analysed for the free and total SO2 content during the four stages of vinification and storage: harvest, fermentation, maturation and storage for two years. At the maturation stage, for all these samples the following parameters were also measured: alcohol content (%), total acidity (g/L tartaric acid), volatile acidity (g/L acetic acid), dry extract (g/L), non-reducingdry extract (g/L), relative density at 20°C, total sugars (g/L), glucose and fructose (g/L). For the samples studied in this work, it was determined an increasing concentration of free and total SO2 starting with harvest continuing with fermentation, maturation, the firsty ear of storage and finishing with the second year of storage. Only for the free SO2 at the harvest stage, a cultivar influence was observed. In this study, the limits were between 6.25±1.25 mg/L and 32.55±1.25 mg/L for the dosed free SO2 and between 65.25±0.25 mg/L and 190.40±4.60 mg/L for total SO2. The analyzed wines kept their varietal characteristics and organoleptic properties, as Qualified Denomination of Origin (DOC) Târnave wines, with an admitted SO2 content.
The Antioxidant Activity of Monofloral Honey and Its Awareness Among Urban Consumers in Slovakia
Authors: ŠEDÍK Peter , PREDANÓCYOVÁ Kristína , POCOL Cristina Bianca , IVANIŠOVÁ Eva
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this paper was to determine antioxidant activity in various types of monofloral honey produced in Slovakia and to identify consumer behaviour and awareness of biological activity of honey among urban consumers. Research is based on primary data obtained by conducting analytical research (DPPH and TPC) involving 37 samples of monofloral honey and consumer research (n =1940 Slovak honey consumers living in urban areas). Results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was detected in buckwheat honey and honeydew honey, while the lowest was indicated in acacia honey. Consumer research showed that 57.5% of respondents are aware of antioxidant activity in honey and 12,9% indicated that they are not aware of any biological activity. Urban consumers tend to consume honey few times per month or week. Higher annual consumption is typical for consumers older than 42 years. The most preferred honey is acacia honey followed by honeydew and linden honey. The majority of respondents seeks on the honey label information about honey type, producer and origin while the information about nutrition or additional information (website, social media etc.) are not so important.
Compositional Quality of Bazna Pork Meat: Comparative Studies with Genetically Improved Breeds
Authors: LUPAU Vladuta Marioara , TABARAN Alexandra , DAN Sorin Daniel , REGET Oana Lucia , CIOCA Ana Andreea , MIHAIU Marian
Published: January 2023

Pork meat is considered one of the most consumed food products around the world. Pork meat industry is in continuous development because of the high demand on the market. The quality of pork meat is known to be related not only to the breeding conditions but also to the breed. Our study aimed to investigate the differences in compositional parameters of Bazna pork meat and the genetically improved breeds, which are now the main source of meat on the market. Results show that the meat provided by Bazna breed is superior from the compositional aspect from that found on the market. It is therefore important to stimulate and develop the breeding systems of Bazna pigs
Research on Phosphorus Requirements in Red-Mini-Rock Hens Fed on Different Cereal-Based Diets
Authors: MĂRGĂRIT Mihai Cristian , MĂRGĂRIT Roxana , GENES Cristiana , CIOARIC Mădălina , DOJANĂ Nicolae
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper was to determine the available phosphorus requirements in Red-Mini-Rock hens fed on wheat and maize-based diets combined with different levels of phosphorus supplemented in the form of mono- and dicalcium phosphate, based on the effect on the main properties of the eggs. Three diets based on wheat (50%) having three levels of phosphorus, 4.5, 3.0 and 1.5 g/100 g dry matter diet, respectively, and three diets based on maize (58%), with the same supplemented phosphorus levels were designed. Feed intake, laying performance and egg weight were not modified by feeding. The thickness and weight of the egg shell were higher (P˂0.05) in groups of hens fed on phosphorus supplemented levels of 3.3 and 4.4 g/100 g diet in both wheat-based and maize-based diets. Breaking strength of the eggshell was significantly higher (P˂0.05) in the groups of hens fed on maize-based diets supplemented 4.5 and 3.0% in phosphorus, respectively. The internal characteristics of the eggs were not significantly altered, excepting the color of the yolk, which showed a significantly higher reflectivity absorption capacity (P˂0.05) in the groups fed on maize-based diets.
Effectiveness of the Ovarian Scraping Method in In Vitro Maturation of Equine Oocytes During the Breeding and Non-Breeding Seasons
Authors: ARYAN Hussam , MARDENLI Omar , GROZA Ioan
Published: January 2023

The current study aimed to study the feasibility of in vitro maturation of equine oocytes during the breeding and non-breeding seasons by using the ovarian scraping method. The collection of 752 ovaries resulted in 608 oocytes descending from 2824 ovarian follicles by the method of ovarian scraping at a rate of 21.53% and an average of 0.80 oocyte/ovary. During the breeding season, 432 oocytes were collected whereas 176 oocytes were collected in the non-breeding season. The results showed that the number of cultivable oocytes during the breeding season was 256 oocytes (59.25%), while the number of cultivable oocytes in the non-breeding one was 120 oocytes (68.18%) at the level of p <0.001. The application of oocyte collecting by scraping method allowed obtaining a number of 608 oocytes, of which a number of 376 oocytes (61.84%) were cultivable, the rest of 232 oocytes (38.16%) were classified as uncultivable. It is concluded from the current study that the application of the ovarian scraping method in horses contributes to obtaining a high and encouraging rate of oocytes that can be used in in vitro embryo production programs.
Clinically Considerations About Induced Experimental Periodontitis in Rats Treated by Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: MUREȘAN Ștefana , DREANCĂ Alexandra , REPCIUC Călin , TĂBĂRAN Flaviu , POP Romelia , DEJESCU Cosmina , SEVASTRE Bogdan , DAVID Raluca , POP Alexandru Raul , PANTEA Stelian , OANA Liviu
Published: January 2023

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the soft and hard tissue supporting the tooth, favoring the adhesion of bacteria that can generate dental laxity and bone resorption. This study aimed to test an experimental protocol for inducing periodontitis which allows a close clinical assessment and to evaluate the effectiveness of a photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol to reverse the associated clinical signs. Fifteen Wistar male rats were used for this study, divided into three equal groups. Tooth scaling, rooting and planning of the first superior left molar were performed in all rats, causing the displacement of the gingiva in order to create an accumulation of plaque. A 5-0 cotton ligature was placed, provoking an inflammatory response removed after ten days. One group received one session of PDT; another group received 3 PDT; the last one represented the control group, with no treatment. Clinical evaluation was represented by assessing the body weight, mobility index and bleeding. A rat grimace scale was used to determine the pain. The results showed clinical aspects of periodontitis and healing tissue proved microscopically. The tested procedure can provide all the key biological factors present in periodontal disease and an option for reversing the clinical aspects.
The Effects of Cannabidiol on Canine Epilepsy and Arthritis – a Case Study
Authors: POPESCU Andra , BĂZĂREA Debra Rebeca , DREANCA Alexandra , SARPATAKI Orsolya , SEVASTRE Bogdan , MARCUS Ioan
Published: January 2023

Cannabidiol oil (CBD) has gained notoriety in recent years due to its effectiveness as an adjuvant therapy in many pathologies.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of CBD in the management of pain and the associated pathologies of epilepsy and arthritis, on a single subject, a female Labrador, 12.5 years old at the beginning of the study. The therapeutic protocol used was the administration of CBD oil, sublingually, in doses of 2.25 mg/kg/day. Hematology and biochemistry were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Radiology was performed before the study began and after 6 months.After the first month, a decrease in the number and severity of epilepsy crises was observed. Beginning with the first 2 weeks of CBD oil administration, the patient was already experiencing an improvement in her mobility along with general pain remittance and the amelioration of her 3rd degree lameness, quantified by the Colorado Pain Scale. After 5 months of CBD administration, with no seizures recorded, phenytoin therapy was ceased. After 8 months, phenobarbital was also excluded from the therapeutic protocol, thus making CBD an independent the rapeutic molecule. CBD appears to be a useful molecule in managing both pain and epilepsy.
Phytochemicals, bioactivity, and ethnopharmacological potential of selected indigenous plants
Authors: Achilonu Matthew C. , Ngubane Xolile V. , Nkosi S'busiso M. , Jiyane Phiwe C.
Published: January 2023

The coastal regions of Africa are endowed with indigenous wild fruit plants rich in nutritional and medicinal phytochemicals and micronutrients. South African wild fruit plants complement the diet and health needs of rural poor households by providing vital dietary nutrients and remedies for various health concerns, and alleviating food insecurity. Milk plum, Natal plum, wild custard apple, and wild medlar medicinal plants are found mainly in the coastal provinces of South Africa. Studies have established that these plants are good sources of vitamins, essential elements, and bioactive phytocompounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, which demonstrate significant antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The plants studied possess anti-epileptic, antiplasmodial, and snake antivenom qualities. Here we highlight the views of different reports on ethnopharmacological relevance, phytochemistry, and bioactivity of the selected South African indigenous medicinal plants. We found a research gap in the phytochemical composition and phytopharmacological activity evaluation of Carissa macrocarpa and Englerophytum magalismontanum.Significance: South African indigenous medicinal plants augment the dietary and other health needs of the rural populace. The phytochemistry and phytopharmacological activities of C. macrocarpa and E. magalismontanum have been only partially studied, hence the need for further studies to examine their worth and possible use in cosmetic product enrichment.
A 500-year-old medicine container discovered near Misgund, Eastern Cape, South Africa: Residue characterisation by GC-MS
Authors: Bradfield Justin , Woodborne Stephan , Hollmann Jeremy , Dubery Ian
Published: January 2023

The chance discovery of a 500-year-old cattle-horn container in a painted rock shelter on the farm La vie D’Antan in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa sheds new light on the antiquity of traditional medicines in the region. We report the micro-residue and GC-MS results of the solidified substance found inside the horn container. Several plant-based medicinal compounds were tentatively identified, of which mono-methyl inositol and lupeol are the most prevalent. Based on pharmacobotanical studies, we suggest the most probable ailments the medicine would have been used to treat and propose the most likely plants from which the ingredients were sourced. Apart from the rock art, whose contemporaneity has not been established, there is no associated archaeology from which to draw specific cultural associations. Although people clearly have been aware of the medicinal properties of plants for at least the last 200 000 years, this is, to our knowledge, the oldest evidence from southern Africa of a bespoke container that has been used to store multiple combined ingredients of medicinal application. The age of the contents of the horn container, however, could not be independently established, leaving open the possibility that the medicinal container and its contents may not be contemporaneous.Significance:

We present the oldest medicine container yet found in southern Africa combining two or more plant ingredients.
The findings add to our knowledge of traditional Khoisan medicines and the antiquity of this traditional knowledge system.
The effect of elevated temperatures on trichomes, essential oil composition and yield of Lippia javanica: A chemometric approach
Authors: Singini Edith J. , Nuapia Yannick , Chimuka Luke , Risenga Ida M.
Published: January 2023

Extreme changes in climate, especially in temperature, could have implications for herbal plants in various world regions. Medicinal plants often produce a wide variety of natural phytochemicals to enhance their defence and survival mechanisms against harsh environmental conditions, and when these mechanisms fail, plants consequently die. We investigated the impact of high temperatures coupled with the specific duration of exposure on the yield and composition of essential oils and trichomes in leaves of Lippia javanica. Plants were exposed to increasing temperatures (25 °C to 47 °C) for different durations (48 h to 144 h). Response surface methodology was applied to assess the interaction between temperature and length of exposure on the essential oil yield, trichome length, and trichome diameter. Essential oils were recovered from the control and treated leaf samples using hydrodistillation and volatile compounds were identified through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multivariate analysis modelling allowed different clustering patterns to be detected. That is, increasing temperatures raised the oil yield, trichome length, and diameter from 1.007 mg/100 g to 3.58 mg/100 g, 50 µm to 160 µm, and 25 µm to 60 µm, respectively. Significant chemical differences between the essential oils were confirmed by the principal component and orthogonal projections to latent structures, which identified separate clusters for the control and treated samples. The current findings indicate that L. javanica has coping mechanisms against high temperatures.Significance:

High temperatures significantly alter the trichome morphology and secretion of essential oils in L. javanica, which adversely affects the shrub’s medicinal properties. Regardless of climate change, this finding could have major implications for indigenous people who continue to use the shrub for therapeutic purposes.
L. javanica showed coping mechanisms against high temperatures for a maximum of six days; however, a prolonged exposure would be more detrimental. As a result, climate change will negatively influence the plant’s developmental and defence mechanisms.
How many species of tulips of the subgenus Orithyia (Tulipa, Liliaceae) are in Southern Siberia?
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Chernysheva Olga A. , Bukin Yuriy S. ,   Limnological Institute SB RAS, Kulakova Nina V. ,   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Mitrenina Elizaveta Yu. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Murashko Vladislav V. ,   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Khadeeva Ekaterina R. ,   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Erst Andrey S. ,   Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Krivenko Denis A. ,   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS
Published: January 2023

The subgenus Orithyia in the genus Tulipa is considered one of the least studied. It includes the most eastern species of tulips. Previously, three species of tulips from this subgenus, T. heteropetala, T. uniflora, and T. mongolica were reported for the territory of Southern Siberia. The morphological analysis showed that studied plants, from populations previously reported in Southern Siberia under the name T. heteropetala, are large individuals of T. uniflora. There was a high level of morphological differences between all populations of T. uniflora and T. mongolica. Karyotype analysis showed that T. mongolica, T. uniflora, and T. siniangensis have similar karyotype structures. In T. heterophylla, in comparison with them, a lower level of intrachromosomal asymmetry was noted. Molecular genetic analysis confirms previous data and separates the subgenus Orithyia among other subgenera in the genus Tulipa. Molecular data confirmed taxonomic affiliation of specimens from the Zabaykalsky Territory (Russia) previously assigned by morphological characters to T. mongolica. Thus, it was confirmed that two species of tulips of the subgenus Orithyia, Tulipa uniflora and T. mongolica, grow in the studied area.
New syntaxa of tundra vegetation in the Siberian sector of the Arctic
Authors:   Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Lapina Anna M. , Lavrinenko Olga V. ,   Komarov Botanical Institute RAS,   Nenetskii State Nature Reserve
Published: January 2023

Vegetation of spotted dwarf shrub-sedge-moss and dwarf shrub-lichen communities in the southern tundra subzone of the Taymyr Peninsula is assigned to 3 associations, including 2 new ones. For comparison, we used previously published relevés of ass. Hierochloo alpinae–Hylocomietum splendentis Telyatnikov, Troeva, Ermokhina et Pristyazhnyuk 2019 with 2 subassociations and 3 variants, into which the authors combined spotted dwarf shrub-lichen-moss communities on sandy loam soils and dwarf shrub-lichen communities on sandy soils on the Gydanskii and Tazovskii Peninsulas. As a result of the revision of these syntaxa and their comparison with new materials from the Taymyr Peninsula, we have revised some syntaxonomic decisions. The zonal vegetation is assigned to 2 associations: ass. Carici arctisibiricae–Hylocomietum alaskani Matveyeva 1994 (with regular-cyclic horizontal structure: patches of bare ground – rims – small troughs) and a new ass. Arctagrostio latifoliae–Caricetum arctisibiricae Telyatnikov et al. ex Lavrinenko in Lapina et Lavrinenko ass. nov. hoc loco (with continuous sedge-moss cover) in the class Carici arctisibiricae–Hylocomietea alaskani Matveyeva et Lavrinenko 2023. Dwarf shrub-lichen communities on sandy soils are assigned to a new ass. Asahino chrysanthae–Salicetum nummulariae (Khitun in Telyatnikov et al. 2021) Lapina et Lavrinenko ass. nov. (stat. nov.) hoc loco in the class Loiseleurio procumbentis– Vaccinietea Eggler ex Schubert 1960.
ON CO-SEGREGATED GRAPHS
Authors: Jorry T. F.
Published: January 2023

A connected graph G is totally segregated if every pair of adjacent vertices has distinct degrees. In this article, the class of graphs called co-segregated graphs which are complements of totally segregated graphs is discussed. The maximum size of connected totally segregated graph is found by finding minimum size of a large class of co-segregated graphs. We provide an algorithm to find minimum size of co-segregated graph. A construction of co-segregated graph of order n with minimum size is also described.