bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children's effortful control moderates the relationship between parental psychological control and adolescents’ depressive symptoms
Authors: Li Qianqian , Fu Rui , Yao Lining , Xing Shufen
Published: April 2020

The present study examined the interactions of adolescents' temperamental effortful control and parental psychological control on adolescents' depressive symptoms in China. A total of 440 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 20 years (Mage = 15.7) participated in this study. Data on parental psychological control, adolescents' depressive symptoms and effortful control were collected from self‐reports. Results showed that adolescents' effortful control moderated the link between paternal psychological control and adolescents' depressive symptoms. Specifically, for adolescents with low levels of effortful control, paternal psychological control was positively associated with increased depressive symptoms whereas for adolescents with a high level of effortful control, this association was not significant. In addition, maternal psychological control was associated with adolescents' depressive symptoms. These findings confirmed and extended previous findings on the associations between parental psychological control, children's temperament effortful control, and depressive symptoms in adolescence.
A meta‐analytic review of paraprofessional‐implemented interventions for students with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Walker Virginia L. , Coogle Christan Grygas , Lyon Kristin J. , Turf Mindi
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this meta‐analysis was to summarize single‐case design studies in which paraprofessionals delivered interventions to students with autism spectrum disorder in school settings. We descriptively analyzed participant and intervention characteristics and study quality and estimated intervention effect using Tau‐U across student participants. Overall, paraprofessional‐implemented interventions resulted in large to very large changes across a range of student outcomes and intervention conditions. Interventions delivered by paraprofessionals in inclusive school settings and within the context of whole group instructional arrangements resulted in significant changes in student outcomes as compared to interventions delivered in self‐contained classrooms and within one‐to‐one and small group instructional arrangements. We present implications for research and practice and discuss limitations.
Synthesis and Simulation Study of Right Silver Bipyramids via Seed‐Mediated Growth cum Selective Oxidative Etching Approach
Authors: Tavakkoli Yaraki Mohammad , Daqiqeh Rezaei Soroosh , Middha Eshu , Tan Yen Nee
Published: April 2020

In this study, a simple method to synthesize right silver bipyramid (AgBP) nanostructures via the seed‐mediated growth cum oxidative etching approach in aqueous solution is developed. The key strategy of this method is to control the growth and etching process by careful adjustment of the reactants concentration. Ascorbic acid (AA) is used to reduce silver precursor while cetyltrimethylammonium bromide stabilizer is used to direct the preferential growth of (100) facets. The presence of Cu2+ and AA in the reaction mixture also enable in‐situ generation of H2O2, leading to selective etching of (111) facets, which is crucial to the formation of anisotropic AgBPs. The structure‐properties of AgBPs is systematically investigated through a series of experiments and theoretical simulations. Transmission electron microscope images and X‐ray diffraction patterns of the as‐synthesized AgBPs show the formation of single crystalline twined nanostructures with a relatively high yield. These results suggest the important role of the excitation of electric dipole in enhancing the electric field at the six sharp corners of AgBPs, making them especially promising for a wide range of technological applications including surface‐enhanced Raman scattering with a significant enhancement factor of 1.50 × 105 as demonstrated herein.
Contextualizing technology: Between gender pluralization and class reproduction
Authors: Ottemo Andreas , Berge Maria , Silfver Eva
Published: April 2020

A diverse body of feminist scholarship has addressed the masculine orientation of Western engineering education for at least four decades. Among critiques specifically targeting curriculum, a recurrent line of argumentation highlights its reductionist framing and narrow focus on mathematics and technology. The argument is that these traits represent a masculine orientation and that women would gain from a curriculum more oriented towards the context and applicability of technical knowledge. Simultaneously, researchers working in a Bernsteinian, social realist, educational tradition have suggested that, from a social‐class perspective, it is important to provide all students with access to theoretical, abstract and context‐independent knowledge. This article explores the resultant, theoretical tension between these two positions. Our empirical starting point is a recently completed ethnographic study of a male‐dominated bachelor's degree engineering program in Sweden. This program's curriculum repeatedly emphasizes the value of experiential and contextually rooted knowledge over contextless and mathematically modeled knowledge. Borrowing Bernstein's terminology, we argue that such emphasis represents a privileging of horizontal discourse over vertical and that, as such, said curriculum potentially deprives the male, working‐class students of access to powerful knowledge. We further highlight how the program represents a poor target for the line of feminist critique identified above, despite being strongly male dominated. We thereby shed light on challenges related to formulating (intersectional) critiques of the engineering curriculum simultaneously attentive to both class and gender. Conclusively, we argue that efforts directed at making the engineering curriculum more inclusive can learn from both feminist and social realist lines of argumentation.
Synergistically Coupling Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots with MnO2 Nanosheets for Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Wang Chuang , Gao Jian , Zhao Jing‐Geng , Yan Du‐Juan , Zhu Xiao‐Dong
Published: April 2020

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy of nitrogen fixation into ammonia under ambient conditions. However, the development of electrochemical NRR is highly bottlenecked by the expensive noble metal catalysts. As a representative 2D nonmetallic material, black phosphorus (BP) has the valence electron structure similar to nitrogen, which can effectively adsorb the inactive nitrogen molecule and activate its triple bond. In addition, the relatively weak hydrogen adsorption can restrict the competitive and vigorous hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, ultrafine BP quantum dots (QDs) are prepared via liquid‐phase exfoliation and then assembled on catalytically active MnO2 nanosheets through van der Waals interactions. The obtained BP QDs/MnO2 catalyst demonstrates admirable synergetic effects in electrochemical NRR. The monodisperse BP QDs providing major activity manifest excellent ammonia production steadily with high selectivity, which benefits from the robust confinement of the BP QDs on the wrinkled MnO2 nanosheets with decent activity. A high ammonia yield rate of 25.3 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and faradic efficiency of 6.7% can be achieved at −0.5 V (vs RHE) in 0.1 m Na2SO4 electrolyte, which are dramatically superior to either component. The isotopic labelling and other control tests further exclude the external contamination possibility and attest the genuine activity.
UV–Vis–NIR Full‐Range Responsive Carbon Dots with Large Multiphoton Absorption Cross Sections and Deep‐Red Fluorescence at Nucleoli and In Vivo
Authors: Jiang Lei , Ding Haizhen , Xu Mingsheng , Hu Xiaolong , Li Shengli , Zhang Mingzhu , Zhang Qiong , Wang Qiyang , Lu Siyu , Tian Yupeng , Bi Hong
Published: April 2020

Carbon dots (CDs), with excellent optical property and cytocompatibility, are an ideal class of nanomaterials applied in the field of biomedicine. However, the weak response of CDs in the near‐infrared (NIR) region impedes their practical applications. Here, UV–vis–NIR full‐range responsive fluorine and nitrogen doped CDs (N‐CDs‐F) are designed and synthesized that own a favorable donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) configuration and exhibit excellent two‐photon (λex = 1060 nm), three‐photon (λex = 1600 nm), and four‐photon (λex = 2000 nm) excitation upconversion fluorescence. D‐π‐A‐conjugated CDs prepared by solvothermal synthesis under the assistance of ammonia fluoride are reported and are endowed with larger multiphoton absorption (MPA) cross sections (3PA: 9.55 × 10−80 cm6 s2 photon−2, 4PA: 6.32 × 10−80 cm8 s3 photon−3) than conventional organic compounds. Furthermore, the N‐CDs‐F show bright deep‐red to NIR fluorescence both in vitro and in vivo, and can even stain the nucleoli of tumor cells. A plausible mechanism is proposed on the basis of the strong inter‐dot and intra‐dot hydrogen bonds through NH···F that can facilitate the expanding of conjugated sp2 domains, and thus not only result in lower highest occupied molecular orbital‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level but also larger MPA cross sections than those of undoped CDs.
Giant Thickness‐Tunable Bandgap and Robust Air Stability of 2D Palladium Diselenide
Authors: Xie Chunyu , Jiang Shaolong , Gao Yinlu , Hong Min , Pan Shuangyuan , Zhao Jijun , Zhang Yanfeng
Published: April 2020

Uncovering the thickness‐dependent electronic property and environmental stability for 2D materials are crucial issues for promoting their applications in high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, the extrahigh air stability and giant tunable electronic bandgap of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)–derived few‐layer PdSe2 on Au foils, by using scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy (STM/STS), are reported. The robust stability of 2D PdSe2 is uncovered by the observation of nearly defect/adsorption‐free atomic lattices on long‐time air‐exposed samples. A one‐to‐one correspondence between the electronic bandgap (from ≈1.15 to ≈0 eV) and thickness of PdSe2/Au (from bilayer to bulk) is established. It is also revealed that few‐layer semiconducting PdSe2 flakes present zero‐gap edges, induced by hybridization of Pd 4d and Se 4p orbitals. This work hereby provides straightforward evidence for the thickness‐tunable electronic property and air stability of 2D semiconductors, thus shedding light on their applications in next‐generation electronic devices.
Springtail‐Inspired Superamphiphobic Ordered Nanohoodoo Arrays with Quasi‐Doubly Reentrant Structures
Authors: Dong Shilian , Zhang Xiaolei , Li Qian , Liu Chuandong , Ye Tianyu , Liu Jiangchao , Xu Hang , Zhang Xingang , Liu Jing , Jiang Changzhong , Xue Longjian , Yang Shikuan , Xiao Xiangheng
Published: April 2020

The skin of springtails is well‐known for being able to repel water and organic liquids using their hexagonally arranged protrusions with reentrant structures. Here, a method to prepare 100 nm‐sized nanohoodoo arrays with quasi‐doubly reentrant structures over square centimeters through combining the nanosphere lithography and the template‐protected selective reactive ion etching technique is demonstrated. The top size of the nanohoodoos, the intra‐nanohoodoo distance, and the height of the nanohoodoos can be readily controlled by the plasma‐etching time of the polystyrene (PS) spheres, the size of the PS spheres used, and the reactive ion etching time of silicon. The strong structural control capability allows for the study of the relationship between the nanohoodoo structure and the wetting property. Superamphiphobic nanohoodoo arrays with outstanding water/organic liquid repellent properties are finally obtained. The superamphiphobic and liquid repellent properties endow the nanohoodoo arrays with remarkable self‐cleaning performance even using hot water droplets, anti‐fogging performance, and the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity improvement by enriching the analyte molecules on the nanohoodoo arrays. Overall, the simple and massive production of the superamphiphobic nanohoodoo structures will push their practical application processes in diverse fields where wettability and liquid repellency need to be carefully engineered.
Record Photocurrent Density over 26 mA cm−2 in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Antireflective Cascaded Electron Transport Layer
Authors: Luo Xin , Gao Yuan , Zhu Pengchen , Han Qiaolei , Lin Renxing , Gao Han , Wang Yurui , Zhu Jia , Li Songlin , Tan Hairen
Published: April 2020

Planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold promise for simple processing at low temperatures; however, they usually show lower short‐circuit current density (Jsc) than their mesoporous counterparts owing to their higher primary optical reflection losses at the front side. The antireflective nature of a mesoporous electron transport layer (ETL) enables a low optical reflection in the front surface of solar cells, which is challenging to realize in planar PSCs. Herein, an antireflective cascaded ETL structure using SnO2/TiO2–Cl bilayers is devised to reduce optical reflection losses and to improve electrical performance in planar PSCs. The antireflective cascaded ETL results in an enhanced Jsc of 25.4 mA cm−2 in formamidinium lead triiodide based planar PSCs, compared with the control Jsc of 24.6 mA cm−2 using single‐layered SnO2 ETL. A record‐high Jsc of 26.1 mA cm−2 is further achieved using an additional antireflective coating on the front glass side, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 22.9%.
Interannual variability of the summer wind energy over China: A comparison of multiple datasets
Authors: Yu Jiang , Zhou Tianjun , Jiang Zhihong
Published: April 2020

Because of the increase in the nation's need for wind energy, the impacts of climate change on wind energy have been investigated. In addition to long‐term changes, wind energy also shows robust interannual variations, but little effort has been devoted to understanding the underlying mechanisms. In this study, the impact of El Niño on the summer mean wind power density (WPD) over China is investigated. The abilities of five sets of reanalysis data in measuring the interannual variability of the WPD over China are assessed. Encouraging results are seen for all reanalysis datasets, with the MERRA and ERA‐Interim datasets showing the best performance. The relationship between El Niño and the following summer WPD is identified over China. During El Niño decaying year summers, the WPD over south of the Yangtze River valley increases, whereas the WPD over north of the Yangtze River valley decreases. The WPD changes are dominated by an anomalous anticyclone located in the northwestern Pacific. The anticyclone leads to strong southerly winds in southern China and thereby enhances the WPD. In regions north of the Yangtze River valley, the low surface pressure gradient causes a reduction in wind speed and thereby a weak WPD. Because the year‐by‐year variation in El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is highly predictable, our results shed light on the seasonal prediction of wind power over China.
Assessing Methods for Detecting Island Spotted Skunks
Authors: Bolas Ellen C. , Sollmann Rahel , Crooks Kevin R. , Shaskey Laura , Boser Christina L. , Bakker Victoria J. , Dillon Adam , Van Vuren Dirk H.
Published: April 2020

Island spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis amphiala) are endemic to 2 of the California Channel Islands (CA, USA)—Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa. The status of skunks is uncertain, although incidental captures in traps set for island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) suggest that skunks have declined to low numbers. We superimposed wildlife cameras at fox traps in 2016 and 2017 to provide a second measure of skunk detectability. On both islands, detection rates of skunks with fox traps (0.92/100 operating nights) and with cameras (0.72/100 operating nights) did not differ during summer, indicating the 2 methods are of similar reliability for detecting skunks. In 2017, skunk detections with cameras increased from summer to early winter, suggesting monitoring in winter may improve survey efforts. Low detection rates of island spotted skunks (<1/100 operating nights) were comparable to those of other spotted skunk populations that are considered rare. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Soft leptogenesis in the NMSSM with a singlet right-handed neutrino superfield
Authors: Abdallah Waleed , Kumar Abhass , Saha Abhijit Kumar
Published: April 2020

Abstract

In this work, we explore soft leptogenesis in the NMSSM framework extended by a right-handed neutrino superfield. We calculate the CP asymmetry, ε, and find it to be non-zero at tree-level without using thermal effects for the final state particles. This is in contrast to soft leptogenesis in the MSSM extended by a right-handed neutrino superfield where thermal effects are essential. The difference arises due to the presence of a 3-body decay of the sneutrino in the NMSSM that violates lepton number at tree-level. Apart from this, we also find that ε ≠ 0 if the additional singlet scalar has a complex vacuum expectation value while all the other NMSSM parameters including the soft SUSY breaking ones relevant for CP asymmetry remain real. We estimate the order of magnitudes of these parameters to produce sufficient baryon asymmetry of the Universe.
Flavourful SMEFT likelihood for Higgs and electroweak data
Authors: Falkowski Adam , Straub David
Published: April 2020

Abstract

We perform an updated fit to LHC Higgs data and LEP electroweak precision tests in the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We assume a generic structure of the SMEFT operators without imposing any flavour symmetries. The implementation is released as part of the public global SMEFT likelihood. This allows one to fit parameters of a broad class of new physics models to combined Higgs, electroweak, quark flavour, and lepton flavour observables.
Properties of the є-expansion, Lagrange inversion and associahedra and the O (1) model
Authors: Ryttov Thomas A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract

We discuss properties of the є-expansion in d = 4 − є dimensions. Using Lagrange inversion we write down an exact expression for the value of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point coupling order by order in є in terms of the beta function coefficients. The є-expansion is combinatoric in the sense that the Wilson-Fisher fixed point coupling at each order depends on the beta function coefficients via Bell polynomials. Using certain properties of Lagrange inversion we then argue that the є-expansion of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point coupling equally well can be viewed as a geometric expansion which is controlled by the facial structure of associahedra. We then write down an exact expression for the value of anomalous dimensions at the Wilson-Fisher fixed point order by order in є in terms of the coefficients of the beta function and anomalous dimensions. We finally use our general results to compute the values for the Wilson-fisher fixed point coupling and critical exponents for the scalar O (1) symmetric model to O(є
7).
The analytic structure of amplitudes on backgrounds from gauge invariance and the infra-red
Authors: Ilderton Anton , MacLeod Alexander J.
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Gauge invariance and soft limits can be enough to determine the analytic structure of scattering amplitudes in certain theories. This prompts the question of how gauge invariance is connected to analytic structure in more general theories. Here we focus on QED in background plane waves. We show that imposing gauge invariance introduces new virtuality poles into internal momenta on which amplitudes factorise into a series of terms. Each term is gauge invariant, has a different analytic structure in external momenta, and exhibits a hard/soft factorisation. The introduced poles are dictated by infra-red behaviour, which allows us to extend our results to scalar Yukawa theory. The background is treated non-perturbatively throughout.
Vitamin and trace element concentrations in infants and children with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Joyce Triona , Rasmussen Pernille , Melhem Nabil , Clothier Joanna , Booth Caroline , Sinha Manish D
Published: April 2020

Background

There are limited data regarding vitamin and trace element blood concentrations and supplementation needs in children with non-dialysis stages 3–5 of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional review for nutritional blood concentrations measured over a recent 2-year period. In our CKD clinics, nutritional bloods including copper, zinc, selenium and vitamin A, vitamin E, active vitamin B12 and folate are monitored annually. Vitamin D status is monitored every 6–12 months.

Results

We reviewed 112 children (70 boys) with median (IQ1, IQ3) age 8.97 (4.24, 13.80) years. Estimated median (IQ1, IQ3) GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) was 28 (21, 37). Vitamin A, active vitamin B12 and vitamin E concentrations were within normal range in 19%, 23% and 67% respectively, with all others being above normal range. Vitamin D blood concentrations were within desired range for 85% (15% had low levels) and folate blood concentrations were within normal range in 92%, with the remainder above or below target. For trace elements, 60%, 85% and 87% achieved normal ranges for zinc, selenium and copper respectively. Deficiencies were seen for zinc (35%), copper (7%), folate (3%) and selenium (1%), whilst 5%, 6% and 14% had zinc, copper and selenium levels above normal ranges.

Conclusions

Several vitamin and trace element blood concentrations were outside normal reference ranges. Monitoring vitamin D and zinc blood concentrations is indicated due to the percentages with low levels in this group. Targeted vitamin and trace element supplementation should be considered where indicated rather than commencing multivitamin and/or mineral supplementation.
Die Erweiterung der umweltrechtsbehelfsfähigen Gegenstände auf dem Prüfstand
Authors: Guckelberger Annette
Published: April 2020

Bei den umweltrechtsbehelfsfähigen Gegenständen folgt der UmwRG-Gesetzgeber weiterhin dem
Enumerationsprinzip, während Art. 9 Abs. 3 Aarhus-Konvention generalklauselartig formuliert ist.
Damit stellt sich die Frage der unions- und völkerrechtskonformen Ausgestaltung des deutschen Umweltrechtsschutzes.
Der Beitrag beleuchtet, wie die Gerichte mit diesem schwierigen Problem umgehen. Außerdem wird aufgezeigt,
dass angesichts unzureichender Umsetzung der Rechtsschutzvorgaben gegenüber Maßnahmen bzw. Unterlassungen
der Organe und Einrichtungen der Union es wohl die nationalen Gerichte sind, die derartige Rechtsschutzlücken
schließen müssten.
The impact of alphabet size on pattern complexity of maxmin-$$\omega$$ cellular automata
Authors: Patel Ebrahim L.
Published: April 2020

We present an analysis of an additive cellular automaton (CA) under asynchronous dynamics. The asynchronous scheme is maxmin-$$\omega$$ω, a deterministic system, introduced in our previous work with a binary alphabet. Extending this work, we study the impact of a larger alphabet, which also allows a meaningful inference of the behaviour of the resultant CA from the asymptotic behaviour of the maxmin-$$\omega$$ω update system. Far from being a straightforward positive correlation between complexity and alphabet size, we show that there is a region of $$\omega$$ω and alphabet size where complexity of CA is maximal. Thus, despite employing a fixed CA rule, the complexity of this CA can be controlled by $$\omega$$ω and alphabet size. The main message is that the effect of maxmin-$$\omega$$ω updating on the state of a network can be well understood, especially if the state alphabet is counter-intuitively large.
Foaming of Acid-Hydrolyzed Insoluble Microalgae Proteins from Chlorella protothecoides
Authors: Dai Laixin , Shivananda Rashmi , Hinrichs Jörg , Weiss Jochen
Published: April 2020

Microalgae are considered to be a promising alternative protein source after extraction and fractionation. Studies have shown that the insoluble protein fraction possesses interfacial activity and is able to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions after acid hydrolysis. The current work studied the surface pressure and foaming properties of the insoluble microalgae protein fraction obtained from Chlorella protothecoides and two of their hydrolysates. Results showed that the surface pressure of the three used protein fractions increased with increasing protein concentration. Moreover, surface pressure of the insoluble microalgae protein increased after hydrolysis at 65 °C (Hydrolysates 65) or 85 °C (Hydrolysates 85) suggesting an increased foaming capacity of the insoluble microalgae protein fraction after hydrolysis. Hydrolysates 85 had the highest foam capacity, and foams remained stable with a half-life time of over 5 h. Overall, hydrolysis of the insoluble microalgae protein fraction with 0.5 M HCl at 85 °C for 4 h resulted in generation of protein fragments that appear to be very suitable to stabilize air-water interfaces in foam-based foods.
Development of Non-reactive F-Free Mold Fluxes for High Aluminum Steels: Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics for Devitrification
Authors: Shu Qifeng , Li Qiangqi , Medeiros Samuel Lucas Santos , Klug Jeferson Leandro
Published: April 2020

It is necessary to study crystallization from glass (devitrification) for non-reactive F-free CaO-Al2O3 based mold fluxes; this is especially important for the development of mold fluxes for continuous casting of high aluminum steels. To the knowledge of the authors, there is no report in the literature regarding devitrification of F-free mold fluxes based on the CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-Na2O-Li2O system. Therefore, crystallization kinetics for particular compositions in this system, with different w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratios, was investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimeter, Field-Emission Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction techniques. The first crystal, which precipitates during heating from glass, is Ca12Al14O33, followed by CaO. For the first crystal, which precipitates as plate-like (2-dimensional), it was found that, when using the Matusita–Sakka model, agreement between the calculated Avrami parameters and the micrographs obtained from electron microscope was reached. In the same way, agreement was found for the second event—CaO precipitation—which grows 2-dimensionally or 3-dimensionally, depending on the w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio. The most important event (in terms of energy liberated and amount of crystals) is Ca12Al14O33 precipitation. For this event, the effective activation energy for crystallization, E
G, decreases with the increase of w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio. The activation energy for crystallization reflects the energy barrier for crystallization. Thus, it can be concluded that mold fluxes crystallization during heating is enhanced when increasing the w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio, for constant contents of B2O3, Na2O, and Li2O.
Nanoscale image of the drug/metal mono-layer interaction: Tapping AFM-IR investigations
Authors: Piergies Natalia , Dazzi Alexandre , Deniset-Besseau Ariane , Mathurin Jérémie , Oćwieja Magdalena , Paluszkiewicz Czesława , Kwiatek Wojciech M.
Published: April 2020

The application of metal nanoparticles as an efficient drug delivery system is one of the directions of cancer therapy development. However, this strategy requires precise information about how the drug interacts with the applied nanocarrier. In this study, atomic force microscopy combined with infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) was used for the first time to investigate the erlotinib adsorption structure on two different types of 15 nm metal nanoparticle mono-layers, namely, silver nanoparticle (AgNP) and gold nanoparticle (AuNP) mono-layers. Because the metal nanoparticles are loosely bound samples, only the tapping AFM-IR mode is suitable for the collection of IR maps and spectra for such a system. The obtained results indicated the relevance of the AFM-IR technique for characterizing drug interactions with a metal mono-layer surface. The investigated drug interacts with the AgNPs mainly through phenyl rings and methoxy moieties, while quinazoline, amino, and ethoxy moieties appear to be farther from the surface. For the AuNPs, the interaction occurs through both the phenyl ring and the quinazoline moiety. Additionally, the aliphatic groups of erlotinib directly participate in this interaction. The novelty of the present work is also related to the use of the tapping AFM-IR mode to study metal NP mono-layers with a drug adsorbed on them. The collected IR maps for the most enhanced erlotinib bands show specific areas with very high signal intensity. The connection between these areas and the “hot spots” typical for the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon of metals is considered.
Mitral regurgitation: when to intervene?
Authors: Bergstra A. , Simsek C. , van den Heuvel A. F. M.
Published: April 2020

Although mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular heart disease, it should be regarded as a complex multifactorial disease that involves multiple entities. Optimal medical therapy alone does not hinder the progression of the disease, and in the 1980s it was already recognised that corrective surgery is indicated if MR is severe and patients are symptomatic (except for those with the most severe left ventricle dysfunction). Later on, asymptomatic patients with deterioration of the left ventricular ejection fraction were also operated on to avoid irreversible left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure and eventually death. However, a major drawback remains the fact that a significant group of patients is considered to have a high perioperative risk due to their advanced age or severe comorbidities. Since less invasive, percutaneous interventions have been developed and recently thoroughly investigated in the MITRA-FR and the COAPT studies, the type of intervention and also the timing have become more crucial. In this critical review of the literature, we describe what we should have learned from the past and which (haemodynamic) parameters can best predict the outcome in patients with MR.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of sodium-montmorillonite-nanoparticle-reinforced polyethersulfone and polytetrafluoroethylene ternary composites
Authors: Yan Shicheng , Xue Yahong , Hu Yahui , Wang Shoujun
Published: April 2020

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] because a large number of figures as well significant parts of the text overlap with the 2017 Ph.D. thesis by Zhen Zuo [2]. All authors agree to this retraction.
Source – Uncovering Stories of Art in Ireland: digitizing Irish art research collections in the National Gallery of Ireland
Authors: Lydon Andrea
Published: April 2020

In 2017 the National Gallery of Ireland was awarded funding from the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (DCHG) for the development of an online resource, focusing on its Irish art research collections. Entitled Source – Uncovering Stories of Art in Ireland, this multi-annual project aims to catalogue and digitise the collections in the ESB CSIA and ensure that these valuable collections relating to Ireland's artistic history and memory are preserved and can be easily accessed by researchers. Now in its penultimate year, Source will be launched in 2021.
(Re)Building alliances: advocating for art methodologies in digital collections collaborations
Authors: Hilles Stefanie , Wegner Alia Levar
Published: April 2020

Advocating for art disciplinary methodologies in collaborations with digital collections librarians, especially in academic libraries, is a vital skill. While art librarians have refined and transformed their relationship to art disciplines in practice and through professional organizations like ARLIS, communicating the importance of art methodologies to their generalist colleagues in digital collections can be challenging. This disciplinary disconnect can result in collaborations and digital projects that fail to meet the needs of the art community because they do not include the necessary information used by art researchers and, thus, thwart discoverability. However, successful collaborations are possible with compromise and negotiation. The Shields Trade Card Collection, housed at Walter Havighurst Special Collections and University Archives at Miami University, serves as a case study, demonstrating both the need for art librarians to advocate for art specific methodologies throughout the lifecycle of a digital collections project while identifying specific areas of compromise key to sustaining future collaborations.
Groundwork for the Mechanics of Morals
Authors: Kolers Avery
Published: April 2020

Ethics is a skill set. But what skill set is it? An answer to this question would help make progress for both theory and moral agency. I argue that moral performance may best be understood on the model of athletic performance; both moral and athletic performance are rule-structured unions of efficiency and inefficiency, enabling us to engage in the wholehearted and autonomous pursuit of goals subject to constraints. By understanding how athletics demands embodied performance, we better understand moral demand and wrongdoing: less moral psychology, more moral kinesiology.
On Being Ugly in Public: The Politics of the Grotesque in Naked Protests
Authors: Fanghanel Alexandra
Published: April 2020

Sexualized naked protest using young and attractive women's bodies have long featured in the repertoire of protest tools for interventions in public space. Antirape feminist groups and nonhuman-animal rights activist groups, in particular, have mobilized these bodies to attract attention to their causes. Contemporary debates have suggested that these sorts of protest are objectionable, and that they are entwined with contemporary rape culture. This article complicates these accounts by considering what happens when the naked body is presented as a grotesquery in the service of these apparently emancipatory politics.

Analyzing two instances of naked protest as case studies, this article examines what happens to naked protest when the bodies protesting are “ugly” or are rendered so. The analysis suggests that naked protest featuring bodies that are “ugly” harbors the possibility of mobilizing a transgressive politics beyond contemporary rape culture. This article has implications for better understanding how to mobilize protest in a way that is transgressive and bold without further enshrining rape culture as the normative background against which it takes place.
A regional initiative to improve cleaning of high-touch surfaces in long-term care facilities
Authors: Calfee David P. , O’Neil Robert P. , Sylvester Quin , Bosk Jared M. , Sumer King Zeynep , Langguth Karyn , Lutterloh Emily C. , Blog Debra
Published: April 2020

A total of 38 long-term care facilities within a region participated in a 3-month quality improvement initiative focused on environmental cleaning and disinfection. Significant improvements in daily and discharge cleaning were observed during the project period. Further study of the sustainability and clinical impact of this type of initiative is warranted.
COVID-19 as a Complex Intergovernmental Problem
Authors: Paquet Mireille , Schertzer Robert
Published: April 2020

Federations increasingly face complex policy challenges, from managing climate change to mass migration. COVID-19 is a prime example of this emerging type of problem. This research note introduces the concept of complex intergovernmental problems (CIPs) to better understand these types of challenges.
PUBLISHING NATURE IN THE AGE OF REVOLUTIONS: JOSEPH BANKS, GEORG FORSTER, AND THE PLANTS OF THE PACIFIC
Authors: ROSE EDWIN D.
Published: April 2020

The construction and distribution of books containing large copperplate images was of great importance to practitioners of natural history during the eighteenth century. This article examines the case of the botanist and president of the Royal Society Sir Joseph Banks (1743–1820), who attempted to publish a series of images based on the botanical illustrations produced by Georg Forster (1754–94) on Cook's second voyage of exploration (1772–5) during the 1790s. The analysis reveals how the French Revolution influenced approaches to constructing and distributing works of natural history in Britain, moving beyond commercial studies of book production to show how Banks's political agenda shaped the taxonomic content and distribution of this publication. Matters were complicated by Forster's association with radical politics and the revolutionary ideologies attached to materials collected in the Pacific by the 1790s. Banks's response to the Revolution influenced the distribution of this great work, showing how British loyalist agendas interacted with scientific practice and shaped the diffusion of natural knowledge in the revolutionary age.
The Execution of ‘Rebel’ Priests in the Western Rising of 1549
Authors: STOYLE MARK
Published: April 2020

This article explores the killing of priests by supporters of Edward VI's Protestant regime during the Western Rebellion of 1549. It begins by considering what previous historians have had to say on the subject – and by noting that they have differed quite sharply about the number of priests who died. The article then moves on to re-consider the primary evidence in depth, in order to establish what a minimum figure for clerical fatalities might reasonably be said to be – and concludes that that figure may well have been a good deal higher than has been appreciated hitherto.
Linear gyrokinetics of electron–positron plasmas in closed field-line systems
Authors: Kennedy D. , Mishchenko A. , Xanthopoulos P. , Helander P. , Navarro A. Bañón , Görler T.
Published: April 2020

Linear gyrokinetic simulations of magnetically confined electron–positron plasmas are performed for the first time in the geometry and parameter regimes likely to be relevant for upcoming laboratory experiments. In such plasmas, the density will be sufficiently small as to render the plasma effectively collisionless. The magnetic field will be very large, meaning that the Debye length will exceed the gyroradius by a few orders of magnitude. We show the results of linear simulations in flux tubes close to the current carrying ring and also in the bulk of the plasma, demonstrating the existence of entropy modes and interchange modes in pair plasmas. We study linear stability and show that in the relevant configurations, almost complete linear stability is attainable in large swathes of parameter space.
A NEW STUDY ON ASYMPTOTIC OPTIMALITY OF LEAST SQUARES MODEL AVERAGING
Authors: Zhang Xinyu
Published: April 2020

In this article, we present a comprehensive study of asymptotic optimality of least squares model averaging methods. The concept of asymptotic optimality is that in a large-sample sense, the method results in the model averaging estimator with the smallest possible prediction loss among all such estimators. In the literature, asymptotic optimality is usually proved under specific weights restriction or using hardly interpretable assumptions. This article provides a new approach to proving asymptotic optimality, in which a general weight set is adopted, and some easily interpretable assumptions are imposed. In particular, we do not impose any assumptions on the maximum selection risk and allow a larger number of regressors than that of existing studies.
Orchestrating DDoS mitigation via blockchain-based network provider collaborations
Authors: Pavlidis Adam , Dimolianis Marinos , Giotis Kostas , Anagnostou Loukas , Kostopoulos Nikolaos , Tsigkritis Theocharis , Kotinas Ilias , Kalogeras Dimitrios , Maglaris Vasilis
Published: April 2020

Network providers either attempt to handle massive distributed denial-of-service attacks themselves or redirect traffic to third-party scrubbing centers. If providers adopt the first option, it is sensible to counter such attacks in their infancy via provider collaborations deploying distributed security mechanisms across multiple domains in an attack path. This motivated our work presented in this paper. Specifically, we investigate the establishment of trusted federations among adjacent and disjoint network domains, that is, autonomous systems (ASes) that collectively mitigate malicious traffic. Our approach is based on Distributed Ledger Technologies for signaling, coordination, and orchestration of a collaborative mitigation schema via appropriate blockchain-based smart contracts. Reputation scores are used to rank ASes based on their mitigation track record. The allocation of defense resources across multiple collaborators is modeled as a combinatorial optimization problem considering reputation scores and network flow weights. Malicious flows are mitigated using programmable network data paths within the eXpress Data Path (XDP) framework; this enables operators with enhanced packet processing throughput and advanced filtering flexibility. Our schema was implemented in a proof-of-concept prototype and tested under realistic network conditions.
Nurturing Meaningful Intergenerational Social Engagements to Support Healthy Brain Aging for Anishinaabe Older Adults
Authors: Cornect-Benoit Ashley , Pitawanakwat Karen ,   Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory Collaborating First Nation Community, Walker Jennifer , Manitowabi Darrel , Jacklin Kristen
Published: April 2020

The emergence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) in Indigenous populations across Canada is of rising concern, as prevalence rates continue to exceed those of non-Indigenous populations. The Intergenerativity Model, guided by Indigenous Ways of Knowing, nurtures a psychosocial approach to promoting healthy brain aging and quality of life. Community-based participatory action methods led by interviews, focus groups, and program observations aid in identifying the barriers to and facilitators of success for intergenerational social engagements in the Anishinaabe community of Wiikwemkoong in northwestern Ontario. A qualitative thematic analysis guides future recommendations for programming opportunities that foster traditional roles of older First Nation adults and support intergenerational relationships. The results of this project elicit culturally appropriate recommendations for community-driven supports that address healthy brain aging. These outcomes are relevant to other Indigenous communities as the framework for determining that culturally appropriate health supports can be adapted to the unique context of many communities.
Crystal and molecular structure of fenspiride, C15H20N2O2
Authors: Pagola Silvina
Published: April 2020

The crystal and molecular structure of fenspiride, a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory drug, are reported. Fenspiride crystallizes in the monoclinic system, with two crystallographically independent molecules in the general position of the space group P21/n (No. 14) and Z = 8. Rietveld refined unit cell parameters are a = 11.52013(8) Å, b = 5.614091(31) Å, c = 44.1567(4) Å, α = 90°, β = 93.0885(6)°, γ = 90°, and V = 2851.69(4) Å3.
Dormancy breakage and germination are tightly controlled by hypoxic submergence water on Echinochloa crus-galli seeds from an accession resistant to anaerobic germination
Authors: Echeverry Holguín Juliana , Crepy María , Striker Gustavo G. , Mollard Federico P.O.
Published: April 2020

In wetlands, dormancy may be a key functional trait enabling seeds to avoid underwater germination, which could be lethal for seedling establishment. Our objectives were to find out (i) if shallow dormant (i.e. conditionally dormant) Echinochloa crus-galli seeds from an anaerobic germination resistant accession can break dormancy under hypoxic submergence and (ii) if underwater germination can be restored in scarified, non-dormant seeds. Shallow dormant E. crus-galli seeds perceived diurnally alternating temperatures (AT) and red light (R) pulses (i.e. dormancy-breaking cues) under hypoxic submergence; however, an inhibitory far-red light pulse given at the end of the 4-d inundation period demonstrated that most of the seeds (85%) were unable to break dormancy. Scarified E. crus-galli seeds, which did not express dormancy under drained conditions, were unable to germinate under hypoxic submergence, despite being exposed to dormancy-breaking cues (AT + R). Lastly, the temporal window for germination sensitivity to the inhibitory action of hypoxia, once dormancy-breaking signals have been applied, is progressively lost and bounded to approximately 18 h for half of the seed lot. These results highlight the importance of dormancy as a trait enabling E. crus-galli seeds to avoid underwater germination, a risky scenario for seedling emergence and establishment in this facultative hydrophyte.
Stereological study of organelle distribution in human oocytes at metaphase I
Authors: Coelho Sofia , Pires-Luís Ana Sílvia , Oliveira Elsa , Alves Ângela , Leal Carla , Cunha Mariana , Barreiro Márcia , Barros Alberto , Sá Rosália , Sousa Mário
Published: April 2020

We have previously presented a stereological analysis of organelle distribution in human prophase I oocytes. In the present study, using a similar stereological approach, we quantified the distribution of organelles in human metaphase I (MI) oocytes also retrieved after ovarian stimulation. Five MI oocytes were processed for transmission electron microscopy and a classical manual stereological technique based on point-counting with an adequate stereological grid was used. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–WhitneyU-tests with Bonferroni correction were used to compare the means of relative volumes (Vv) occupied by organelles. In all oocyte regions, the most abundant organelles were mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) elements. No significant differences were observed in Vv of mitochondria, dictyosomes, lysosomes, or SER small and medium vesicles, tubular aggregates and tubules. Significant differences were observed in other organelle distributions: cortical vesicles presented a higher Vv (P= 0.004) in the cortex than in the subcortex (0.96% vs 0.1%) or inner cytoplasm (0.96% vs 0.1%), vesicles with dense granular contents had a higher Vv (P= 0.005) in the cortex than in the subcortex (0.1% vs 0%), and SER large vesicles exhibited a higher Vv (P= 0.011) in the inner cytoplasm than in the subcortex (0.2% vs 0%). Future stereological analysis of metaphase II oocytes and a combined quantitative data of mature and immature oocytes, will enable a better understanding of oocyte organelle distribution duringin vivomaturation. Combined with molecular approaches, this may help improve stimulation protocols andin vitromaturation methods.