bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Liability on Notary Negligence in Electronic Registration of Fiduciary Guarantee
Authors: Chrismetin Laura , Gunarto Gunarto
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze and be able to find out about legal liability for notary negligence in registering fiduciary guarantees electronically. In the registration of online fiduciary guarantees, there is a big responsibility on the Notary because after completing filling in the data to continue the next access, the Notary is asked to approve in advance the statement that all data contained in the form is correct by marking the statement. The type of data in this legal research uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, as well as tertiary legal materials. Based on the results of research and discussion, Notaries in carrying out their duties, especially those related to making certificates, must be professional in accordance with applicable rules and notaries must be able to minimize mistakes at work due to the notary's carelessness can be called a practice mall and can be sued by the client as the responsibility of a profession carried by a notary.
The Role of PPAT in the Registration Process for the Transfer of Land Rights based on Buying and Selling Transaction
Authors: Winahyu Fatoni , Kusriyah Sri
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze about the role of PPAT in the registration process for the transfer of land rights based on buying and selling in Pati Regency. The research approach method used in this thesis is a sociological juridical approach. The specification of this research is analytical descriptive, a study that tries to describe the problems that occur in practice in the field associated with other provisions and then analyzed to obtain supporting facts and inhibiting factors of the problems studied. The data sources of this research consist of primary data and secondary data. Methods of collecting data using interviews, document studies, field studies.The data obtained from both field studies and document studies are basically data that were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed thatThe deed made by PPAT acts as an authentic deed, one of which is the deed of sale and purchase (AJB), which is a deed made when someone wants to sell their land to someone else. AJB functions to take care of the letters of transition from the old owner to the new owner. Before making the AJB, PPAT checks the authenticity of the certificate to the land office. The making of AJB is attended by sellers, prospective buyers, and at least two witnesses. AJB is made if the sale and purchase transaction has been paid off. According to the Decree of the State Minister of Public Housing Number 9 of 1995 concerning Guidelines for Binding the Sale and Purchase of Houses; AJB must be signed by the buyer and seller before the PPAT if the buyer has paid the entire land price along with taxes and other costs related to the sale and purchase transaction.
The Legal Position of Insurance Agreement (Borgtocht) as a Form of Credit Bindings
Authors: Wibowo Wahyu Adi , Dwi Istinah Siti Rodhiyah , Maerani Ira Alia
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze the credit agreement at PT BPR Surya Yudhakencana Banjarnegara Purwokerto Branch and to examine and analyze the legal position of the guarantee agreement (Borgtocht) as a form of credit binding at PT BPR Surya Yudhakencana Banjarnegara Purwokerto branch and to determine the form of the guarantee agreement deed (Borgtocht). ).The research approach method is a sociological juridical research method. The research specification uses descriptive analysis. The types and sources of research data are divided into two, namely primary data and secondary data. Methods of data collection by using the interview method, study documents or library materials. The data analysis method uses qualitative analysis, namely by using the data that has been obtained to then connect it with the provisions and legal principles related to the problem under study with an inductive logic, namely thinking from the specific to the general. The results showed that PT BPR Surya Yudhakencana Banjarnegara Purwokerto Branch did not yet have an SOP in the implementation of the guarantee agreement (Borgtocht), however, in its implementation, it is still guided by the standard rules that apply to civil law in the provisions of Article 1313 of the Civil Code and Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The existence of the 6C indicator in the selection of borg, so that the position of the insurer (Borgtocht) has the power to carry out the function as guarantor according to the underwriting agreement deed that has been agreed and signed.
The Role of PPAT in Making the Deed of Sale and Purchase and the Authorized to Sell Certified Land
Authors: Wicaksana Ilham Wahyu , Djunaedi Djunaedi , Ilmih Andi Aina
Published: October 2022

This study aims to identify and analyze the role and authority of the Land Deed Making Official (PPAT) in making the deed of sale and purchase and the power of attorney to sell certified land rights and the obstacles and solutions faced by the Land Deed Making Official (PPAT) in making the deed of sale and purchase and deed of power of attorney to sell certified land rights. The use of the sociological juridical approach in legal research is due to the fact that the problems studied are closely related to juridical and sociological factors. The analytical knife in answering the problem formulation uses the theory of legal certainty and the theory of authority. The Role and Authority of the Land Deed Making Official (PPAT) in the making of the Sale and Purchase Deed (AJB) and the Authorized Deed to Sell Certified Land Rights in Rembang Regency, namely the Preparation of the Sale and Purchase Deed and the implementation of the AJB. In making the PPAT deed, the parties who carry out legal actions regarding Land Rights and Ownership Rights to Flat Units must be present before PPAT to convey the aims and objectives to PPAT. Obstacles faced by Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) in making the Deed of Sale and Purchase and the Authorized Deed to Sell Certified Land Rights in Rembang Regency in the event of a default or unlawful act committed by one of the parties. The occurrence of these obstacles, then PPAT can provide solutions to the parties to deliberation first in resolving the problem.
The Responsibility of the Guardian for the Transfer of Land Rights to the Children Due to Instruction
Authors: Larasati Larasati , Adillah Siti Ummu , Listyawati Peni Rinda
Published: October 2022

The results in the emergence of rights and obligations for a person as well as the emergence of law between children, parents and the surrounding community. A child has the right and authority as a legal subject. Children have an important role in a marriage bond, apart from being the hope of parents, children also act as successors of offspring. Children in general are a group of people who are immature, unmarried and incapable of acting for themselves. The purpose of this paper is to determine the implementation of the transfer of land rights and responsibilities to minors due to inheritance. This study uses a sociological juridical approach, which is carried out by field research aimed at the application of law. This research specification uses descriptive analysis, namely research which in addition to providing an overview, writing and reporting an object or an event will also draw general conclusions from the existing problem. The data sources of this study are primary data sources and secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Methods of data collection using interviews, document studies and library materials. While the data analysis used qualitative analysis. The results of the study show thatthe implementation of the transfer of land rights to minors must apply for the determination of child guardianship and a permit to sell at the Religious Courts for Muslims and the District Courts for non-Muslims as one of the administrative requirements. After the decision on the guardianship determination has been issued by the local court, it can be used as a basis for the transfer of land rights by sale and purchase owned by minors due to inheritance.In the transfer of inheritance rights to land owned by minors, they cannot be freely transferred by their parents, they must comply with and comply with the applicable legal regulations in the transfer of inheritance of minors. The responsibility of the guardian towards minors due to inheritance is that the guardian is obliged to carry out his obligations to take care of the children who are under his control and all property as well as possible. The guardian is obliged to make a list of the child's property under his control and record all changes in the child's property.
The Juridical Analysis of the Term of Banking Liability Loan Ownership of FLPP Prosperity
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Procedures for granting Subsidized Housing Loan facilities by Bank Mandiri Semarang Pahlawan Area, namely Submission of files; Loan file investigation; Interview 1; On the spot; Interview 2; Credit decisions; Signing of credit contracts/other agreements; Credit realization; and Distribution/auction house. The regulation of the time period regarding the SKMHT Deed in the Mortgage Law clearly states that the SKMHT cannot be withdrawn or cannot be terminated for any reason, except because the power of attorney has been exercised or because the term has expired. The period of use of SKMHT in the provision of Subsidized Housing Loan facilities by Bank Mandiri Semarang Pahlawan Area in its implementation is followed by the Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights (APHT). This type of research is normative or juridical normative, namely by researching library materials and secondary materials, while the nature of this research is analytical descriptive. Sources of data in this study is secondary data. The data collection used in writing this thesis is through literature research techniques. The method of data analysis carried out by the author is a qualitative approach. It is expected that the Bank Mandiri Area Semarang Pahlawan should be objective in selecting prospective debtors so that the benefits of the Subsidized Housing Credit program can be felt, it is hoped that the government regarding the provisions of Article 15 paragraph (3) and (4) UUHT to be reviewed because the SKMHT period is fairly short and not commensurate with the length of the process of issuing the certificate of land rights and it is hoped that the Bank Mandiri Area Semarang Pahlawan in the use of SKMHT in the provision of Subsidized Housing Credit facilities should be followed by APHT in its implementation.
The Effectiveness of the Implementation of Electronic Land Registration at the Office of National Land Agency
Authors: Dahani Nabila Chyntia
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze: 1) Implementation of electronic land registration at the Office of the National Land Agency of Sragen Regency. 2). The effectiveness of the implementation of electronic land registration at the Office of the National Land Agency of Sragen Regency. The approach method used in discussing this research problem is a sociological juridical approach. The research specifications used are descriptive analytical research. This type of data uses primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study concluded: 1) The implementation of electronic land registration at the Office of the National Land Agency of Sragen Regency can guarantee legal certainty, because electronic certificates are guaranteed by law and can be used as legal evidence. Registration of this electronic certificate can be through PPAT assistance through the site https://loket.atrbpn.go.id. After the service registration and documents have been uploaded, the land office will later validate the applicant's files online. If the verification is smooth, a deposit order will be printed and the Applicant needs to make payments according to the applicable rules. After making the payment, the file will be processed immediately. The collection is done by coming to the BPN Office of Sragen Regency according to the specified schedule. 2). The effectiveness of electronic land registration at the National Land Agency Office of Sragen Regency is more effective than conventional land registration. This is because the implementation of land registration online or electronically provides many benefits to the community.
Expression and Predictive Functional Profiles of MicroRNAs Data in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Acute Rejection
Authors: Fang Yuan , Li Haibo , Zhu Ya , Chen Jingting , Xiong Yao , Li Xu , Sun Binbin , Li Shengli , Ye Lincai , Zhou Jianda , Wang Shoubao
Published: October 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of acute rejection for vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) using microRNAs (miRNAs) differential expression in a VCA animal model. Methods: Brown Norway rats were used as transplant donors and Lewis rats as VCA receptors. The changes were divided into different stages before and after transplantation in Lewis rats, and all appearance changes were recorded. Also, histological evaluations were performed on all recipients, and the expression of microRNAs was analyzed when acute immune rejection occurred. Then, we used GO and KEGG Pathway enrichment analyses to predict miRNA targets. Finally, differentially expressed miRNAs were detected by RT-qPCR. Results: Compared to pre-operation, 22 miRNAs were differentially expressed after operations. Among them, nine were upregulated, and 13 were downregulated in skin tissues. The RT-qPCR results revealed that rno-miR-340-5p and rno-miR-21-5p were significantly upregulated and enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, rno-miR-145-5p and rno-miR-195-5p were significantly downregulated, and most of their target genes were enriched in the Hippo signaling pathway. The histological evaluations showed that, after VCA, the skin tissue presented severe acute rejection. Conclusions: The miRNAs rno-miR-340-5p, rno-miR-21-5p, rno-miR-145-5p, and rno-miR-195-5p were significantly regulated during VCA acute rejection, when the four miRNAs analyses were done on skin biopsies. These miRNAs might be potential biomarkers for objective, early, and minimally invasive rejection diagnosis.
Characterization of the Intestinal Microbiome in Healthy Adults over Sars-Cov-2 Vaccination
Authors: Jiao Jie , Shen Yang , Wang Pan , Zuo Kun , Yang Xinchun , Chen Mulei , Dong Ying , Li Jing
Published: October 2022

Background: In response to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide, inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are implemented. Dysbiosic gut microbiota is implicated in the COVID-19 patients. Whereas, how intestinal microbiota are affected by vaccination remains elusive, and it is important to investigate the microbial shifts during vaccines treatment. Methods: In the present study, we assessed the gut microbial composition in healthy adults, and performed comparison before and post an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, BBIBP-CorV vaccination. Results: Microbial diversity in shannon, pielou evenness, simpson and invsimpson index was remarkably suppressed by vaccination. Ruminococcus and Actinomyces were observed to be strikingly deficient, and Faecalibacterium was dramatically augmented after BBIBP-CorV treatment. Potential functional profiles of gut microbiome in amino acid metabolism, lipid biosynthesis proteins and steroid biosynthesis were remarkably increased, while the capacity in renin-angiotensin system was remarkably decreased following vaccines. Conclusions: Our study suggests that inactivated BBIBP-CorV against SARS-CoV-2 could elicit modulations on gut microbial composition and functions, which might favor host immune response and protect from COVID-19.
Differences in CSF Biomarkers Profile of Patients with Parkinson's Disease Treated with MAO-B Inhibitors in Add-On
Authors: Zenuni Henri , Candelise Niccolò , Grillo Piergiorgio , Simonetta Clara , Bovenzi Roberta , Ferri Alberto , Valle Cristiana , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Schirinzi Tommaso
Published: October 2022

Background: Monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors (iMAO-Bs) are a class of largely-used antiparkinsonian agents that, based on experimental evidence, are supposed to exert different degrees of neuroprotection in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, clinical proofs on this regard are very scarce. Since cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflects pathological changes occurring at brain level, we examined the neurodegeneration-related CSF biomarkers profile of PD patients under chronic treatment with different iMAO-Bs to identify biochemical signatures suggestive for differential neurobiological effects. Methods: Thirty-five PD patients under chronic treatment with different iMAO-Bs in add-on to levodopa were enrolled and grouped in rasagiline (n = 13), selegiline (n = 9), safinamide (n = 13). Respective standard clinical scores for motor and non-motor disturbances, together with CSF biomarkers of neurodegeneration levels (amyloid- β -42, amyloid- β -40, total and 181-phosphorylated tau, and lactate) were collected and compared among the three iMAO-B groups. Results: No significant clinical differences emerged among the iMAO-B groups. CSF levels of tau proteins and lactate were instead different, resulting higher in patients under selegiline than in those under rasagiline and safinamide. Conclusions: Although preliminary and limited, this study indicates that patients under different iMAO-Bs may present distinct profiles of CSF neurodegeneration-related biomarkers, probably because of the differential neurobiological effects of the drugs. Larger studies are now needed to confirm and extend these initial observations.
Cranial Autonomic Symptoms and Migraine: What Relationship and What Meaning? A Review
Authors: Lo Cascio Salvatore , Correnti Edvige , D’Agostino Sofia , Capizzi Mariarita , Marino Antonio , Meli Raffaele , Lo Nobile Salvatore , Raieli Vincenzo
Published: October 2022

Cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS) have been usually associated with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TAC’s), however in the last few years several reports in adult and pediatric population have reported important presence of the CAS in migraine. Also several evidences experimentally show that the increased parasympathetic outflow can enhance the sensitization of nociceptive receptors involved in migraine. The presence of CAS suggests an activation of the trigeminal-autonomic reflex, probably related to an over-activation of the trigeminal afferent arm. For these reasons identifing and understanding of these symptoms in migraine may be important to help in the diagnosis and effective management. The purpose of this review is, analyzing the literature data, to discuss the prevalence of these CAS in migraine, the pathophysiological meaning in the pathogenesis of migraine and whether their presence influences the prognosis and therapy of migraine in adult and pediatric age.
Major Hemorrhage Risk Associated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Archontakis-Barakakis Paraschos , Kokkinidis Damianos G. , Nagraj Sanjana , Gidwani Vipul , Mavridis Theodoros , Ntaios George
Published: October 2022

Background: Real-world, observational studies have investigated the safety profile of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) on Major Hemorrhage (MH) used for stroke prevention in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the comparative safety of DOACs versus other DOACs and versus Vitamin K Antagonists (VKAs) adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We defined MH according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis statement or as the composite outcome of intracranial, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory, cavitary and musculoskeletal bleeding in case of studies using International Statistical Classification of Diseases codes for patient selection. Methods: We systematically investigated two databases (Medline, Embase) until April of 2021, gathered observational studies and extracted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) on our outcome of interest. Additional subgroup analyses according to DOAC dosing, prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, prior diagnosis of stroke, history of previous use of VKA, the users’ age, the users’ gender and study population geographic region were conducted. All analyses were performed with a random-effects model. Results: From this search, 55 studies were included and 76 comparisons were performed. The MH risk associated with Rivaroxaban use was higher than the risk with Dabigatran use (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.21–1.45, I2: 12.39%) but similar to VKA use (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.87–1.02, I2: 76.57%). The MH risk associated with Dabigatran use was lower than the risk with VKA use (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64–0.90, I2: 87.57%). The MH risk associated with Apixaban use was lower than the risk with Dabigatran use (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64–0.88, I2: 58.66%), with Rivaroxaban use (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.50–0.68, I2: 74.16%) and with VKA use (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.55–0.65, I2: 58.83%). Our aforementioned subgroup analyses revealed similar results. Conclusions: All in all, Apixaban was associated with a reduced MH risk compared to Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and VKA. Dabigatran was associated with a reduced MH risk compared to both Rivaroxaban and VKA.
Abdülvehhâb el-Kurtubî ve Ahmed b. Ebû Ömer el-Enderâbî’nin Lahn Olgusuna Yaklaşımları Üzerinden Tecvid İlminde Meşârika-Meğâribe Karşılaştırması
Authors: HACIMISIROĞLU Mücella
Published: October 2022

Bu yazı hicrî beşinci asırda biri meşrikte diğeri ise mağrib yani Endülüs’te yaşamış olan ve vefat tarihleri arasında on sene bile bulunmayan iki kıraat ve tecvid âliminin, tecvid ilminin varlık kazanmasında önemli bir rol oynayan lahn olgusu üzerine serdettikleri değerlendirmeler üzerinden tecvidin temel meselelerine yaklaşımda doğu-batı arasında ne gibi benzerlikler ve ayrılıklar bulunduğunu tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Zira mağribli Abdülvehhâb el-Kurtubî (ö. 462/1069) el-Mûdıh fî’t-Tecvîd isimli eserinde harf ve terkib düzeyinde tecvidi ilgilendiren hemen bütün konularda derinlikli bir inceleme yürütmüştür. Enderâbî nisbesiyle maruf olan meşrikli Ahmed b. Ebû Ömer (ö. 470/1077) ise el-Îzâh fî’l-Kırâât isimli eserinde yedili ve onlu sistemin dışında kalan pek çok kıraat, rivayet ve tarike yer vermesinin yanı sıra harf ve terkib düzeyinde tecvid ilmini ilgilendiren bazı meseleleri derinlikli bir incelemeye tabi tutmuştur. Önceki meşrik ulemasının eserlerinin şu veya bu sebeple günümüze ulaşmamış oluşu veya ân itibariyle henüz keşfedilmemiş olması, Enderâbî’nin bu eserine doğunun erken döneme taalluk eden tecvid birikimini yansıtan bir eser olma vasfı kazandırmakta ve değerli kılmaktadır. Yazıda anılan iki âlimin lahn konusuyla ilgili izah ve açıklamalarını aktarmazdan evvel İslami ilimler geleneğinde doğu-batı arasında yaklaşım farkına konu olan bazı hususlara değineceğiz. Bunu yapmadaki amacımız İslami düşünce geleneğinde meşârika-meğâribe arasındaki yaklaşım farkının sadece tecvid alanına has olmadığını gözler önüne sermek olacaktır.
The Relationship Between Principals' Technological Leadership Competence and School Effectiveness
Authors: MİNAZ Öğr. Üyesi Muhammet Baki , ÖZEL Yusuf , AY Mustafa
Published: October 2022

The study results revealed no statistically significant difference in teachers’ perceptions of principals’ technological leadership and school effectiveness in terms of teachers’ gender, seniority, branch, working time at the current school, technological competence, and daily technology use. However, the findings showed a significant difference in the perceptions of technological leadership by age but not in the perceptions of school effectiveness. The analysis results revealed a strong or very strong correlation between the technological leadership and its sub-dimensions and the school effectiveness sub-dimensions. It was found that a positive increase in any sub-dimension of the technological leadership scale improved school effectiveness, and there was a significantly positive and very high relationship between school effectiveness and technological leadership. As technological leadership increased, so did school effectiveness. Accordingly, technological leadership explained 50.8% of the change in school effectiveness. Principals’ technological leadership, mediated by teachers' technological literacy, affected teaching and school effectiveness.
Konsep Dan Fungsi Uang Dalam Islam
Authors: Halim Ismail
Published: October 2022

Resume singkat tentang konsep dan fungsi uang dalam islam
Konsep Uang Dalam Islam
Authors: Muhajir
Published: October 2022

Keuangan Islam yang sah harus dilandasi oleh akad yang telah disetujuai berdasarkan prinsip dan kaidah didalam agama Islam. Akad-akad keuangan Islam disusun oleh beberapa elemen penting, diantaranya pihak-pihay yang bertransaksi, bentuk akad, dan objek akad. Uang menurut hukum yaitu sesuatu yang ditetapkan undang uang sebagai alat tukar yang sah. Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 dalam Pasal 23 B mengamanatkan bahwa macam dan harga Mata Uang ditetapkan dengan undang-undang. Penetapan dan pengaturan tersebut diperlukan untuk memberikan pelindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi macam dan harga Mata Uang.
The mediating role of religious beliefs in the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thi Hang
Published: October 2022

Religion has been one of the social entities that significantly impacted the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to examine the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19 and to test whether religious beliefs mediate the effect of well-being on fear of COVID-19. The sample comprised 433 participants in Vietnam. The results show that individuals who attend religious services daily, people without chronic disease, and younger adults have higher levels of well-being than others. Additionally, older adults have higher levels of religious beliefs than others. Females are more likely to experience fear of COVID-19 compared to males. The latter shows religious beliefs mediated the effect of well-being on fear of COVID-19. Social workers and clinicians must consider older adults and people with chronic disease as prioritized vulnerable groups for early mental interventions and should be aware of the role of religion in psychological treatment integration.
Preliminary results from the Australian Genetics of Bipolar Disorder Study: A nation-wide cohort
Authors: Lind Penelope , Siskind Dan , Hickie Ian , Colodro-Conde Lucía , Cross Simone , Parker Richard , Martin Nicholas G. , Medland Sarah
Published: October 2022

Objective: The Australian Genetics of Bipolar Disorder (GBP) Study is a nation-wide cohort of adults living with Bipolar disorder (BD). The study aims to detect the relationships between genetic risk, symptom severity, and the lifetime prevalence of BD, treatment-response and medication side-effects, and patterns and costs of health care usage.Methods: A total of 6,682 participants (68.3% female; aged 44.8±13.6 years [range 18–90]) were recruited in three waves; a nation-wide media campaign, a mail-out based on prescriptions for lithium carbonate, and through the Australian Genetics of Depression Study. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire. A total of 4,706 (70%) participants provided a saliva sample and were genotyped and 5,506 (82%) consented to record linkage of their Pharmaceutical and Medicare Benefits Schedule data.Results: Most participants were living with Bipolar I disorder (n=4,068) while 1,622 participants were living with Bipolar II disorder and 992 with sub-threshold BD. The mean age of BD diagnosis was 32.7±11.6 years but was earlier in Bipolar I (P=2.0E-26) and females (P=5.7E-23). Excluding depression with onset prior to BD diagnosis, 64.5% of participants reported one or more co-occurring psychiatric disorders; most commonly Generalised anxiety disorder (43.5%) and Posttraumatic stress disorder (20.7%). Adverse drug reactions were common and resulted in discontinuation rates ranging from 33.4% for lithium to 63.0% for carbamazepine.Conclusion: Individuals with lived experience of BD, particularly Bipolar I disorder, psychotic-like experiences and use of lithium carbonate and antipsychotics are motivated to participate in genetically-focused research into risk, treatment experiences and health care utilisation.
Turn that music down! Affective musical bursts cause an auditory dominance in children recognising bodily emotions
Authors: Ross Paddy , Williams Ella , Herbert Gemma , Manning Laura , Lee Becca
Published: October 2022

Previous work has shown that different sensory channels are prioritised across the life course, with children preferentially respond to auditory information. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the mechanism that drives this auditory dominance in children occurs at the level of encoding (overshadowing) or when the information is integrated to form a response (response competition). Given that response competition is dependent on a modality integration attempt, a combination of stimuli that could not be integrated was used, so that if children’s auditory dominance persisted, this would provide evidence for the overshadowing over the response competition mechanism. Younger children (< 7 years), older children (8 – 11 years), and adults (18+ years) were asked to recognise the emotion (happy or fearful) in either non-human auditory musical emotional bursts (MEB) or human visual bodily expressions of emotion (BEAST stimuli) in three conditions: unimodal, congruent bimodal and incongruent bimodal. We found that children performed significantly worse at recognising emotional bodies when they heard (and were told to ignore) emotional musical bursts. This provides the first evidence for auditory dominance in both younger and older children when presented with modally incongruent emotional stimuli. The continued presence of auditory dominance, despite the lack of modality integration, was taken as supportive evidence for the overshadowing explanation. These findings are discussed in relation to educational considerations and future sensory dominance investigations and models are proposed.
DYNAMICS OF DECISION-MAKING IN THE AREA OF THE SINGLE MARKET OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Tsybulina Anna , Kaveshnikov Nikolay
Published: October 2022

The article examines the variety of factors that can influence the speed of decision-making in the European Union in the area of the Single Market (SM), and also assesses the degree of such influence. We use quantitative analysis methods based on spatial analysis and the Cox model to determine which factors accelerate and which ones slow down the legislative process in the area of the SM during the period from 1990 to 2019. The results of our work show that the speed of decision-making in the field of the SM is influenced by the same factors as the legislative process in the EU in general, namely: a type and complexity of a legislative act, an institutional and a regulatory framework that determines a decision-making procedure. We conclude that only the Amsterdam Treaty and the Interinstitutional Agreement of 2007 have significantly accelerated the decision-making process. We’ve managed to identify a fundamental difference regarding the legislative process in the area of the SM. In contrast to secondary legislation in general in the area of the SM a decision-making procedure (consultation or regular legislative procedure) does not affect the speed of decision-making. We found out that out of seven strategic documents, only two had given a significant impetus to the development of the SM. These features of decision-making process in the area of SM constitute a basis for further research and the proposed methods of analysis can be extended in order to assess integration dynamics in other areas of regulation in integration entities.
E-PARTICIPATION ISSUES IN URBAN PUBLIC POLICY: THE CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG
Authors: Arkatov Dmitry
Published: October 2022

Modern public policy is characterized by the ‘participatory turn’ - a widespread expansion of ways and channels the citizens can influence policies with. The ongoing digitalization transformed these civic participation instruments into a new form, now called e-participation. Both experts and authorities around the World believe that integrating such platforms and channels into policy process will facilitate public engaging, involving into it those who were not previously interested in policy making and those, who lost their interest in engaging with the authorities. Digital civic participation has gained significant traction in Russia, but mostly in so-called cities of federal importance, such as St. Petersburg. And while it is investigated by many different scholars, the frameworks applied were mostly of computer science or technologically inclined. This article is an attempt to start closing this gap by analyzing e-participation in Russia from political science perspective. For this task, we interviewed 10 public activists and urban policy experts to get a better understanding of its functioning specifics. The analyses shows that while it is perceived as an effective way to solve basic public policy issues, there are multiple problems undermining its operations. Mainly, these are due the lack of legal support for these channels, which make authorities less responsible for not responding to the citizens’ preferences and complaints. We also discovered that insufficient organization changes and silo mentality prevents the authorities from acting in a fast and efficient fashion, disrupting the whole idea of e-participation. Among other issues are digital divide which in fact excludes certain social groups from engaging with the authorities and having a say in policy process. We conclude by stating that more research is required to understand the dynamics and issues of the Russian e-participation portals.
Is Nepal on the Verge of Economic Crisis? A Comparative Study of Sri Lanka and Nepal
Authors: Pandey Mahesh
Published: October 2022

This paper attempts to analyze the economic condition of Sri Lanka and compare it with that of Nepal especially based on external sector indicators. The main objective of this study is to identify the level of risk that economic crisis looming in Nepal by examining and comparing indicators using secondary data collected from various publications of the government of Nepal and Sri Lanka, central banks of both countries, World Bank, IMF and others across six years starting from 2016 to 2021. This Study follows the comparative and descriptive research design and analysis has gone through the same. The data and calculated indicators suggest that Sri Lankan economy had gone through bad phases after year 2019 and that led to acute crisis. The external sector indicators of Nepal show that Nepal was also facing some sort of issues after COVID-19 pandemic followed by Russia-Ukraine war in 2020 and 2021 however, there are encouraging signs of recovery in recent times. The study came with the conclusion that the economic crisis caused by drained of foreign exchange reserve has given a wakeup call to small growing economies and Nepal is not an exception. However, as a result of the precautionary policies and measures that Nepal has taken so far, the external sector’s indicators not showing worrying syndrome for severe economic crisis. To avoid the crisis in medium and long term Nepal should take initiatives for policy and structural reforms to enhance its productive capacity to induce export, tourism and other industries.
Hydrological and Geological Analysis of Cohesive Soil and its Potential Risk in Middle Mountain Region: A Case Study of Naunuko Pahiro along Madi River, Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Baral Prakash
Published: October 2022

Middle Mountain region of Nepal is most often vulnerable in hydrological and geological aspect. Rainfall pattern, runoff, infiltration rate, different losses and soil parameters of cohesive soil (Silty clay) along with slope of slide (i) and depth of slide (H), factor of safety (F.O.S) along with probabilistic approach (correlation) are decisive factors pertaining to re-occurrence of landslide. Rainfall intensity, catchment area (A), runoff coefficient plays vital role in the estimation of flood frequency over a various period of time (25 years, 50 years and 100 years) respectively. The civil engineering structures along with middle mountain river are always vulnerable. Hence, its risk identification is prerequisite which is encompasses in the study. This study include hydrological and geological analysis of Taprang landslide (Naunuko Pahiro) which prevail at middle mountain region at an elevation ranging from 937m to 1047m of Kaski district, Gandaki  Provenance, Nepal. Soil test data, rainfall data, probability and statistical approach along with different empirical formulas are used to analyse hydrological and geological hazard. Factor of safety (F.O.S) is calculated on the basis of altering value of slope of slide (i) and depth of slide (H) from slope ranging 50° to 70°. With increase depth of slide greater than 10m, F.O.S. is less than one which is unstable. The slope stability found to be critical at depth of slide10m with 50° slopes.Higher ground water table, higher rate of run-off with an average rainfall 446.50cm and higher shear stress contribute to risk of landslide along with increase discharge at down- stream of landslide with possibility of flood hazard at Madi river bank.
The result would give insight on nature of landslide and flood discharge which could support Madi Village Municipality, as well as other rural Municipality of middle mountain region of almost same elevation consisting of cohesive (Silty Clay) soil for shaping disaster risk reduction policies and strategies such that death and injuries as well as impact on civil engineering structures can be minimized.
COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated participants of the Safety and Efficacy of Preventative COVID Vaccines sub-study
Authors: Walmsley Sharon , Ravindran Rizani , Clarke Rosemarie , Wouters Bradly , Silva Amanda , Gingras Anne-Claude , Szadkowski Leah
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The rate of breakthrough infection in vaccinated Ontarians during the Omicron wave is unknown. METHODS: Active participants of the Safety and Efficacy of Preventative COVID Vaccines (STOPCoV) study (892 ≥age 70 years and 369 aged 30–50 years) were invited to participate in a sub-study evaluating breakthrough COVID-19 infection. Self-administered rapid antigen tests (RAT) were reported twice weekly and symptom questionnaires weekly for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the proportion reporting a positive RAT. RESULTS: A total of 806 e-consented, and 727 (90%) completed ≥1 RAT, with total 7,116 RATs completed between January 28 and March 29, 2022. Twenty out of twenty-five participants with a positive RAT had a booster vaccine prior to the positive test. All cases were mild, none requiring hospitalization. Nineteen had positive dried blood spot analysis for IgG antibody to the receptor binding domain (RBD) prior to the positive RAT. The mean normalized IgG ratio to RBD was 1.22 (SD 0.29) for younger and 0.98 (SD 0.44) for older participants, values similar to corresponding ratios for those without positive RATs and those in the main cohort. One hundred and five participants reported one and 96 reported ≥2 possible COVID-19 symptoms despite negative RATs. The false negative RAT was low (4% to 6.6 %) compared with subsequent positive nucleoprotein antibody. CONCLUSIONS: Positive RAT for COVID-19 was infrequent (3.4%). We were unable to determine a protective antibody level against breakthrough infection. Our findings can inform public health COVID-19 restrictions guidelines. Our decentralized study provides a model for rapid institution of new questions during a pandemic.
The Effect of Political Instability on Bank Profitability: Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Lakew Mengistu Nega
Published: October 2022

The study aims to examine the effect of political instability on Bank profitability. To achieve this object, the researcher used the World Bank database and data from annual audit financial statements of 15 selected commercial Banks for the period 2012-2016. The researcher applied the generalized method of moments to analyze the effect of political instability on Bank profitability. Both descriptive analysis and inferential statistics are made in this regard. The result of the generalized method of moments estimation shows that political instability positively affects Bank profitability. Bank specific variables such as credit risk ratio, Non-interest income to total asset ratio, and Cost to income ratio are essential factors for Bank profitability. Growth of gross domestic product and inflation are significant determinants of Bank profitability. Bank size, liquidity and credit risk ratio are insignificant. The study is helpful to higher government officials, policymakers, Banks shareholders, Banks top management, etc. Moreover, the study contributed to the existing literature by linking political instability and Bank profitability.
Perinatal psychology: mother's emotional burning
Authors: Nakonechna Alina
Published: October 2022

The article examines the modern phenomenon of "mother's emotional burnout" in the work of psychotherapists and psychologists. It is demonstrated that the modern conditions for the implementation of maternal activities do not correspond to the capabilities of a woman and the tasks in the development of a child. Changes in the priorities of society's value orientations are considered. The factors that determine the appearance of emotional burnout of the mother are revealed, the role of psychological approaches in the formation of public opinion and the request of a modern woman to achieve the image of the "ideal mother" is highlighted. The formed stereotype is considered that only the mother should be with the child in the first months and years of its life, that the mother cannot and should not be replaced by someone else, that this will harm the child. The symptoms of emotional burnout in the maternal sphere and professional emotional burnout are correlated. The formation of psychological protection, which manifests itself in mental and physical exhaustion, is considered. The distribution of care, changes in the family structure, which have a negative impact on the efficiency and awareness of maternal activity, are discussed. A proposed change to the existing model of motherhood. The considered model of "deepening" into motherhood and focusing on the needs of the child, on caring for him, on his upbringing, as a defense, the form of which can be a focus on the technical side of caring for the child, which harms direct communication. The symptoms that are a consequence of real physical exhaustion and may have manifestations of more serious somatizations are revealed. The tendency that all problems of personality development are caused by the violation of early mother-child relations is considered. The directions of maternal functions and activity results are revealed. An analysis of the main symptoms of emotional burnout and its causes from the point of view of parenting was carried out. Methods of psychological assistance to women with the syndrome of "emotional burnout of the mother" are offered.
The role of parental attitude towards children in the formation of parent-child relations
Authors: Korniichuk S. V. , Oliinyk Oksana
Published: October 2022

The family is an important social environment for the formation of the individual, the leading institution of his socialization, upbringing and development. Parent-child relationships,in which are dominated by negligent treatment of children, hypo-custody, hyperopia, child abuse have a negative impact on the mental development of the child, the formation of his personal qualities and properties, the development of social skills. One of the possible ways to solve these problems is the formation types of parental attitudes that positively affect the formation of the child's personality as a whole and determine the development and nature of relationships in the system of "parents-children". The research is connected with the theoretical analysis of the peculiarities of parent-child relations, models of parental attitude to children, the importance of family upbringing in the formation of the child's personality; experimental determination of types of parental attitudes towards children. To solve this purpose we used a set of theoretical methods: analysis and generalization of scientific information; empirical methods: observation; psychodiagnostic method "Test-questionnaire of parental attitude to children" by A. Varga and V. Stolin; processing and quantitative and qualitative interpretation of results. The research was conducted on the basis of the Specialized School № 14. S. F. Hrushevsky Obolonsky district of Kyiv. The empirical study involved 44 parents of pupils in 2nd and 3rd grades of primary school, among them: 22 mothers and 22 parents. The results of an empirically research of the peculiarities of parents' attitudes to children showed that the vast majority of parents are dominated by constructive types of parental attitudes: «Acceptance» (61,36 %) and «Cooperation» (56,82 %); Destructive types of parental attitudes are identifi, the least pronounced style of family upbringing is "Little loser" (9,1 %). Prospects for further developments are seen in the study of psychological factors of constructive interpersonal relationships between parents and children
Activity and scientific heritage of Mykhailo Maksymovych in the context of creating the worldview of the “ukrainian world” in the 19TH century
Authors: Tomenko Mykola
Published: October 2022

The worldview values in the views and scientific activity of the first rector of Kyiv University of Saint Vladimir, the prominent scholar Mykhailo Oleksandrovych Maksymovych, are explored. His life path, scientific development, breadth of scientific interests, and views are considered. The scope of Maksymovych's scientific interests included natural and cosmological studies, ethnographic research on Ukrainian history, ethnography, and folklore, as well as philosophical creativity, in which, following Hryhorii Skovoroda, he emphasized the Ukrainian "philosophy of the heart." The scholar's interest in "Little Russian" topics led to an evolution in Maksymovych's views towards pro-Ukrainian positions. A notable aspect in this context is his desire to transform Kyiv University into an oasis of Ukrainian science and culture, where talented, highly educated individuals would teach, including Mykola Hohol. The argument is made that it was precisely Maksymovych's pro-Ukrainian views that influenced his exclusion from administrative and academic positions at Kyiv University after his recovery. Special attention is paid to the scholar’s works in the field of ethnopsychology, the characteristics of Ukrainian characterology, and mentality. The researcher's conclusion regarding the "submissive spirit" of the Russians and the "passion, brief firmness, and strength of feeling" of the Ukrainian spirit is noteworthy. Maksymovych actively participated in a philological debate with Mykhailo Pohodin, defending the position on the chronological priority and origin of the Ukrainian language from the times of the Kievan Rus, as well as the independence of Ukrainian Slavic history. Based on the conducted research, an independent scientific conclusion is proposed regarding the mission, civic stance, and role of Mykhailo Maksymovych as the first rector of Kyiv University of Saint Vladimir and a scholar in the creation of the Ukrainian idea and the worldview of the "Ukrainian World" in the 19th century.