bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The brothers Stephan, Feodor and Gavrila Basov`s art: marginal ornaments of old Russian manuscripts
Authors: Sherstobitova Ekaterina S.
Published: October 2021

The paper explores the decoration of manuscripts in an early printed style of the ornamentation dominant during the second half of the 16th – the beginning of the 17th centuries by the example of the works of outstanding scribes and drawing-artists brothers Stephan, Feodor and Gavrila (nicknamed Ivan) Basovs. The author applied the element-structural method and identified the influence of the artworks of the European master Israel van Mekenem the Younger and the Moscow first printers on their art. The brothers Basovs created various examples of the ornamentation: marginal ornaments, headpieces, initial letters. The present study is focused on the artistic features of marginal ornaments. The author reveals various types of the ornamental compositions and highlights distinctive features of the brothers Basovs` art. The study identified that the author's interpretation of the individual motifs of the early printed style by Stephan Basov is most clearly expressed at the creation of the complex (multicomponent) compositions with a combination of the various plant elements. Feodor Basov created ornamentation that is distinguished by the artist's inexhaustible imagination, which manifested itself in a large variability in the combination of components (for example the author's forms of fruits and birds). The Gavrila Basovs' marginal ornaments are characterized not only by the use of color, but also by the variety of compositions, many of which were multi-tiered and framing the text. The author examined the individual style of each of the brothers Basovs at the creation of marginal ornaments in the early printed style and determined the share of author's originality in its interpretation.
Graphic “Diaries” by Victor Zamirailo in the context of poetics of the symbolist artist`s work
Authors: Davydova Olga S.
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to analyze the creative “laboratory” of a talented symbolist artist Viktor Dmitrievich Zamirailo, whose art is associated with the development of original features of Russian modernism. Due to the tragic circumstances caused by Soviet ideology, as well as the irrational nature of poetics of the master’s work, Zamirailo’s legacy is poorly studied, but extremely rich in literary and philosophical associations, at the turn of the 20th century. His imaginative world, full of chivalry dreaminess, allows revealing internal (spiritual) sources of the formation of an idealistic system of symbolist thinking, which found its original reflection in the works of such aesthetically close to Zamirailo contemporaries as M. A. Vrubel, A. N. Benoit et al. The paper focuses on the albums with sketches by the master from the collection of the State Russian Museum, unique in their creative potential, for the first time analyzed by the author. Albums allow us to comprehend the individual logic of the Zamirailo iconographic system, as well as to understand the general laws of the fantasy of imaginative illusions of symbolist artists.
CURRENT TREND IN THE FISCAL DEFICIT OF THE UNION BUDGET IN INDIA
Authors:   Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Economics, Annamalai University, AHMAD GANAI MUDASIR , NALRAJ Dr. P ,   Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Annamalai University
Published: October 2021

The present study analyze the fiscal deficit as an instrument to measure the amount of government borrowing to require the financial position and their budget shortfall. This study traces the major current changes in Indian fiscal system during the period 2019-20, though the unions Government adopt the fiscal rule for reduction the financial crisis during the epidemic period of Covid-19. However the current study also traces the percentage of GDP decrease because of the problem of lock-down during the Covid-19. The paper concludes with discussion on the composition of union government receipts and expenditure position in present scenario and indicated the situation of fiscal and revenue deficit of the government budget.
What doesn’t kill you doesn’t make you stronger: Parasites modify interference competition between two invasive amphipods
Authors: Kobak Jarosław , Rachalewski Michał , Bącela-Spychalska Karolina
Published: October 2021

We used a freshwater amphipod-microsporidian model (Ponto-Caspian hosts: Dikerogammarus villosus and D. haemobaphes, parasite: Cucumispora dikerogammari) to check whether parasites affect biological invasions by modulating behaviour and intra- and interspecific interactions between the invaders. We tested competition for shelter in conspecific and heterospecific male pairs (one or both individuals infected or non-infected). In general, amphipods of both species increased their shelter occupancy time when accompanied by infected rather than non-infected conspecifics and heterospecifics. Infected amphipods faced lower aggression from non-infected conspecifics. Moreover, D. villosus was more aggressive than D. haemobaphes and more aggressive towards conspecifics vs. heterospecifics. In summary, infection reduced the intra- and interspecific competitivity of amphipods, which became less capable of defending their shelters, despite their unchanged need for shelter occupancy. Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, commonly considered as a weaker competitor, displaced by D. villosus from co-occupied locations, was able to compete efficiently for the shelter with D. villosus when microsporidian infections appeared on the scene. This suggests that parasites may be important mediators of biological invasions, facilitating the existence of large intra- and interspecific assemblages of invasive alien amphipods.
Development and Implementation of Cornerstone Documents to Support Nursing Practice in Cambodia
Authors: Henker Richard , Prak Manila , Koy Virya
Published: October 2021

Cornerstone, or guiding documents, for nursing and healthcare support the profession of nursing throughout the world. This article describes the impact of the civil war and instability in Cambodia that led to poverty and destruction of the healthcare system and provides a brief overview of nursing in Cambodia today. Since the 1990s, the Cambodian healthcare system has been recovering from war. Nurses have been transitioning from task oriented roles to more sophisticated roles that incorporate the nursing process. In addition to significant changes in nursing education and other advances in the healthcare system during the last five years, the Ministry of Health (MoH) has strongly encouraged the development of cornerstone documents to guide nursing practice for patient care provided in Cambodia. Standards and competencies have been developed based on the American Nurses Association (ANA) template for Scope and Standards of Practice. Cornerstone documents for nursing that have been implemented by the MoH, many at the Angkor Hospital for Children, include evidence based protocols, the nursing process framework, the Code of Ethics for Nurses and development of the Scope of Practice and Standards of Care for Cambodian Nurses.
A quantum mechanical approach to random X chromosome inactivation
Authors: Lobato Rodrigo ,   159 rue Archambault, L'assomption, Quebec, Canada
Published: October 2021

The X chromosome inactivation is an essential mechanism in mammals' development, that despite having been investigated for 60 years, many questions about its choice process have yet to be fully answered. Therefore, a theoretical model was proposed here for the first time in an attempt to explain this puzzling phenomenon through a quantum mechanical approach. Based on previous data, this work theoretically demonstrates how a shared delocalized proton at a key base pair position could explain the random, instantaneous, and mutually exclusive nature of the choice process in X chromosome inactivation. The main purpose of this work is to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the X inactivation mechanism with a model proposal that can complement the existent ones, along with introducing a quantum mechanical approach that could be applied to other cell differentiation mechanisms.
On the character sums analogous to high dimensional Kloosterman sums
Authors: Li Jianghua ,   College of Sciences, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Zhang Xi
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of this paper is using the properties of the classical Gauss sums and the analytic methods to study the computational problem of one kind of character sums analogous to high dimensional Kloosterman sums, and give some interesting identities for it.
Ready-made short basis for GLV+GLS on high degree twisted curves
Authors: Wang Bei ,   Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China, Li Songsong , Ouyang Yi , Hu Honggang ,   School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China,   CAS Wu Wen-Tsun Key Laboratory of Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: October 2021

The crucial step in elliptic curve scalar multiplication based on scalar decompositions using efficient endomorphisms—such as GLV, GLS or GLV+GLS—is to produce a short basis of a lattice involving the eigenvalues of the endomorphisms, which usually is obtained by lattice basis reduction algorithms or even more specialized algorithms. Recently, lattice basis reduction is found to be unnecessary. Benjamin Smith (AMS 2015) was able to immediately write down a short basis of the lattice for the GLV, GLS, GLV+GLS of quadratic twists using elementary facts about quadratic rings. Certainly it is always more convenient to use a ready-made short basis than to compute a new one by some algorithm. In this paper, we extend Smith's method on GLV+GLS for quadratic twists to quartic and sextic twists, and give ready-made short bases for $ 4 $-dimensional decompositions on these high degree twisted curves. In particular, our method gives a unified short basis compared with Hu et al.'s method (DCC 2012) for $ 4 $-dimensional decompositions on sextic twisted curves.
Inference on a new distribution under progressive-stress accelerated life tests and progressive type-II censoring based on a series-parallel system
Authors: Abushal Tahani A. ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Abdel-Hamid Alaa H. ,   Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
Published: October 2021

It is of great importance for physicists and engineers to assess a lifetime distribution of a series-parallel system when its components' lifetimes are subject to a finite mixture of distributions. The present article addresses this problem by introducing a new distribution called "Poisson-geometric-Lomax distribution". Important properties of the proposed distribution are discussed. When the stress is an increasing nonlinear function of time, the progressive-stress model is considered and the inverse power-law model has suggested a relationship between the stress and the scale parameter of the proposed distribution. Based on the progressive type-II censoring with binomial removals, estimation of the included parameters is discussed using maximum likelihood and Bayes methods. An example, based on two real data sets, demonstrates the superiority of the proposed distribution over some other known distributions. To compare the performance of the implemented estimation methods, a simulation study is carried out. Finally, some concluding remarks followed by certain features and motivations to the proposed distribution are presented.
Estimación de los costes de publicación en revistas científicas indexadas en JCR en 2017 y 2018: el caso de la Psicología
Authors: Peñaranda-Ortega María , González-Sala Francisco , Osca-Lluch Julia
Published: October 2021

En el presente trabajo se evalúan los costes de publicación (Article Processing Charges) que se exigen por parte de las editoriales científicas, derivados de la publicación de artículos en sus revistas. Se han seleccionado las revistas incluidas en los cuartiles 1 y 2 (Q1, Q2) en el Journal Citation Reports (JCR) para las once categorías en las que se subdivide Psychology, durante los años 2017 y 2018. Se ha calculado el coste mayor o Golden OA y transformado en euros para todas las cantidades requeridas por parte de las editoriales. Para el total de 632 revistas analizadas en estos dos años, el coste final es de 135.514.886,39 €, de los cuales 67.027.213,11 € pertenecen a las revistas del JCR 2017 y 68.487.673,28 € a JCR 2018. La media de coste de publicación de un trabajo fue de 2321,55 €. Son numerosas las conclusiones sobre la política científica y de publicación que los Estados deberían repensar.
Les nouvelles « cultures de conception urbaine » : Esquisse de quelques traits distinctifs
Authors: Khainnar Smail
Published: October 2021

La production et gestion urbaine contemporaine n’est plus l’affaire que des politiques et professionnels du terrain (décideurs, architectes et urbanistes, entreprises du BTP, etc.). Elle ne concerne pas non plus uniquement le fait d’ériger des masses construites et des voiries. Face aux actuels changements et enjeux sociourbains (besoin d’une démocratie plus participative, évitement de l’étalement urbain, etc.), de nouvelles « cultures de conception urbaine », en totale rupture avec les anciens modes de faire pyramidaux et spatio-aménagistes, émergent, s’expérimentent et, selon les cas, se ritualisent pour dire, faire et vivre la ville d’aujourd’hui. Cela d’une manière se voulant être participative, collaborative et inclusive, où les apports de certains champs disciplinaires comme la communication et ceux du design sont cruciaux. Ainsi, cette étude a pour dessein de caractériser le « comment » du fonctionnement desdites nouvelles cultures. Cela en élaborant cinq traits distinctifs qui leurs sont communs.
Quel régime de conception pour les communs éditoriaux ?
Authors: Larroche Valérie , Fauchié Antoine
Published: October 2021

Cet article caractérise le régime de conception à l’œuvre dans l’édition numérique où l’on observe des pratiques éditoriales non conventionnelles. C’est à partir de l’analyse socio-sémiotique de deux communs éditoriaux que s’élabore la réflexion : Movilab, l’encyclopédie des tiers lieux et les Ateliers de [sens public], une maison d’édition savante en libre accès. Les notions de commun éditorial et de dispositif éditorial sont convoquées pour souligner d'une part la dimension collaborative et communautaire intégrée à ce régime, et d'autre part l’hybridation des activités techniques et éditoriales.
Clinical characteristics and correlates of patients with heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Akintunde Adeseye
Published: October 2021

A new class of Heart Failure (HF) phenotypes, HF with midrange Ejection Fraction (HFmrEF), was recently introduced, but its clinical characteristics and therapeutic distinctiveness are not yet well understood. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, echocardiographic features, and other correlates of HFmrEF in southwest Nigeria. Two hundred and sixty-nine consecutive HF subjects who had echocardiography done in the cardiology clinics of two teaching hospitals were recruited for this study. Clinical parameters such as age, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and gender were determined. The presence of comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, was also assessed. Statistical analysis was done, and p <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. HFmrEF subjects constituted 27.5% of total cohort, while subjects with HF with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) and HF with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) were 29.0% and 43.5% respectively. HFmrEF was more likely to be associated with high systolic blood pressure and obesity. The clinical characteristics of HFmrEF were intermediate between those of the other two HF phenotypes. Prevalence of comorbidities, such as anaemia, iron deficiency, pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular hypertrophy were also intermediate between HFpEF and HFrEF. Atrial fibrillation was commonest among HFmrEF subjects. There was no significant age or gender variation between the three phenotypes. Patients with HFmrEF have clinical and demographic distinctiveness that are often intermediate between HFpEF and HFrEF phenotypes. Further studies of this HF phenotype will help in understanding its therapeutic identity and its prognosis among Africans.
The Role of Familial Characteristics on the Nutritional Status of Preschool Children
Authors: Vyas Shaili , Sonkar Sushmita , Sharma Neha , Srivastava Ashok Kumar , Sharma Parul , Srivastava Kajal
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Nutritional status of underfive children is a proxy indicator for assessing the nutrition of the entire community and also the key predictor of child survival. While several studies have focused on the determinants of child's nutrition status in India, little attention has been given to the aspect of rural-urban variation in child's nutritional status in terms of their determinants. The present study is aimed to ascertain the magnitude and the factors affecting the malnutrition across rural & urban areas of Uttar Pradesh.

Methodology:

A community-based study was conducted for 2 months in the field practice areas of a tertiary care hospital. Multistage random sampling technique was used for the selection of study subjects. A total of 117 under-five children were studied equally from rural and urban area. A pre-designed pre-tested proforma was used to assess the feeding practices. Stunting and underweight were used to proxy the child nutrition status. Data were evaluated on SPSS version 17. Chi-square test was used to find out the association of family characteristics with nutritional status in the two areas.

Results:

Undernutrition was more prevalent in rural children than their urban counterparts. It was seen that in the rural areas, 1-3 year children were more wasted & underwt whereas 0-1 yr children were more stunted, whereas in urban areas0-1 yr children were more affected in terms of wasted & underwt whereas stunting was more prevalent in 3-5 yr children. Religion, family size, Environment & Social Class was found to have association with significant association with Undernutrition. Parental Education as well as Father's Occupation was also found to have Significant association with the nutritional status of underfive children.

Conclusion:

Familial characteristics have an important bearing on the nutritional status of underfive children. Hence Improvement in literacy especially female literacy will go a long way in improving the nutritional status of the child. Strategies are needed to improve the economic status of the community.
Health Achieving Societies
Authors: Koya Shaffi Fazaludeen , Nayar Kesavan R. , Rao Arathi P. , Bhat Lekha D.
Published: October 2021

Economic growth is not an essential prelude to better health as some countries like Sri Lanka and the Indian state of Kerala have shown. Progressive social policies and investments in the social sector have helped some of these countries in the past. This may be unrelated to the present predilections which could certainly lead to future contradictions, especially in giving rise to new scenarios in public health. We have seen that unrealistic setting of goals, ambitious targets given to an ailing health system, together with a lack of clarity regarding activities can result in poor achievements even with incentives. This is more relevant in the future with the complexity of an epidemiological scenario involving both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. Mere techno-centric packages cannot tackle the complex health issues that India face today, as they ignore the larger structural dimensions of the problem. This is especially important with prolonged old age. This necessitates a focused futuristic vision for the population in general and the elderly in particular with a focus on primary care.
Prompt Identification of Loss of Voice in a Child Can Save a Life, Guillian-Barre Syndrome with Vocal Cord Paralysis in a Young Boy
Authors: Basu Kaushambi , Biswas Rupa
Published: October 2021

Guillain-Barré syndrome presenting as bilateral vocal cord paralysis is extremely rare in the paediatric age group. We report an unusual case of GBS in which the patient manifested loss of voice resulting from bilateral vocal cord paralysis with lower limb weakness. In conclusion, we emphasize that early recognition of atypical presentations of GBS warrants complete evaluation and institution of prompt and appropriate management.
Assessment of Family Welfare Services with Respect to Couple-years of Protection in a Primary Health Center of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Raj Kshitij , Chaurasia Ruchi , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Program for family welfare or planning is one of the earliest health programs running in Independent India. Budget estimate of Family Welfare Schemes in India for the year 2019–2020 is 950 crores. Despite this, irregularities and under performance of various contraceptive services are reported.

Objectives:

To assess the family welfare services in a primary health center of Varanasi.

Methods:

Monthly data of family welfare from April 2018 to March 2019 were collected from PHC and analyzed with permission of Medical Officer in Charge, Chiraigaon. Services were assessed in terms of total family welfare OPD females, total counseling (antenatal case/postnatal case), deliveries, and various methods of contraception. The Couple-years of protection for the individual methods of contraception was calculated.

Results:

About 51% of females attending clinic were counseled, 40% of females delivering in PHC utilized postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD). Correlation coefficient between females counseled and parameters such as sterilization varies from weak to strong positive. Two new services Depot Medroxy Progesterone Acetate Antara and oral contraceptive pills Chhaya were introduced, but their availability was not regular.

Conclusions:

Adequate services for family planning were available, but regularity of few was having issue in the year analyzed. More efforts are required to increase PPIUCD use.
Association of Pharmacotherapy with Clinicians' Nutritional Counseling Practices to Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Ahmed Saeid Kider , Mustafa Raghib , Saeed Mahir Sadullah
Published: October 2021

Background:

Nutrition counseling is an important tool for encouraging healthy nutrition behaviors among individuals. The nutritional imbalance is rising worldwide, leading to the emergence of various diseases. Physicians have an important role in impeding healthy nutrition in patients.

Aims and Objectives:

The role of patients prone to pharmacotherapy on nutritional counseling and management (NCM) practices of clinicians to patients with diabetes or hypertension in the routine clinical practice was explored in this study.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 267 clinicians, including family doctors, general practitioners, and internists were purposively included. The attitudes toward NCM and their practices in routine clinical working were examined through the self-reported technique.

Results:

The mean age of the physicians was 34.18 and had experience for 5 years. A small percentage of them have completed the nutrition training course (26.59%). The study showed that different kinds of NCM, including nutritional assessment, therapy, and education, were presented to diabetic and hypertensive patients. The majority of the physicians emphasized their role (88.1%) in promoting nutritional therapy. Besides, most of them (88.0%) mentioned that a high priority must be given to NCM in routine clinical practice. The prone of patients to pharmacotherapy rather than diet therapy was determined to be a barrier to the NCM to diabetic and hypertensive patients.

Conclusions:

This study showed that physicians had good attitudes toward NCM; however, the prone of the diabetic and hypertensive patients to pharmacotherapy rather than diet therapy impedes the NCM by clinicians.
Do real ao fictício: notícias do Sensacionalista na escola
Authors: Sá Juliane Nogueira de , Casotti Janayna Bertollo Cozer
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa-ação realizada em escola pública do município da Serra, estado do Espírito Santo, com vistas à aplicação de sequência didática elaborada para o trabalho com o gênero notícia, em uma turma do 7º ano do ensino fundamental. Entre as notícias selecionadas, estão as veiculadas pelo site Sensacionalista, que demandam o reconhecimento de aspectos relativos à intencionalidade do site, como a intertextualidade e a ironia. Nesse sentido, este artigo respalda-se teoricamente nos estudos de Bakhtin e seu Círculo (1993), Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004), Koch, Bentes e Cavalcante (2012), Conceição e Domingos (2012), entre outros. A partir da análise de uma notícia produzida, de forma colaborativa, por um grupo de alunos da turma, considerando-se a produção inicial, os aspectos relativos aos episódios de sala de aula ocorridos durante a aplicação da sequência didática e a produção final da notícia, verificam-se os possíveis efeitos da sequência didática no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa. Os resultados dessa análise permitem corroborar que, pelo viés da intertextualidade e de outros recursos utilizados pelo site, como a ironia, pode-se desenvolver a reflexão crítica dos alunos que, na produção dos textos, dizem muito sobre o local onde vivem.
Um estudo identitário de universitárias intercambistas sob uma perspectiva educacional-cultural
Authors: Reis Amanda Cristina dos Santos , Romero Tania Regina de Souza
Published: October 2021

Tendo em vista a crescente necessidade estratégica de internacionalização das universidades, um estudo sobre os efeitos dessa ação para os intercambistas é importante para que se possa compreender e avaliar o processo. Uma vez que poucos estudos tematizam a questão, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar de forma crítica e reflexiva, sob um viés identitário, os possíveis efeitos de intercâmbio na formação de estudantes de Letras e colaborar para compreender a relevância da experiência internacional na formação identitária. Para tanto, o estudo adota uma abordagem metodológica de cunho qualitativo. É um estudo de caso, em que a coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e questionários a quatro intercambistas. A partir dos dados coletados, realizou-se uma categorização dos dados para possibilitar uma análise interpretativista. Para fundamentar a análise, nos apoiamos principalmente nos estudos sobre identidade e contextos culturais, principalmente à luz de Hall (2006), Block (2009) e Barkhuizen (2017), e sobre identidade e aprendizagem de línguas, com base em Norton (2013) e Kramsch (2013). Com o objetivo de pesquisa, base teórica e metodologia delineada, os resultados da análise dos dados mostraram, principalmente, que as estudantes passaram por transformações identitárias que as levaram a refletir sobre as diferenças nos relacionamentos interpessoais acadêmicos, o formato de ensino, os novos caminhos profissionais e a necessidade de fomento e divulgação de programas de intercâmbio.
Utjecaj imunomodulatora virusnog ili bakterijskog podrijetla i cjepiva protiv bolesti Aujeszkoga na udio B limfocita periferne krvi na tovljenu prasad
Authors: Žarković Irena , Perak Junaković Eleonora , Terzić Svjetlana , Cvetnić Luka , Benić Miroslav , Jungić Andreja , Valpotić Hrvoje , Šperanda Marcela , Šeol Martinec Branka , Vujnović Anja , Šandor Ksenija , Andrišić Miroslav
Published: October 2021

The consequences of infection by Suid herpesvirus type 1 (SuHV-1) that causes Aujeszky’s disease (AD) are well studied, however, the effects of immunomodulators (IMs) of microbial origin (viral and bacterial) when administered solely or in combination with the attenuated SuHV-1 vaccine are less known. The effects of parenteral administration of IMs, inactivated Parapoxvirus ovis (P. ovis) or a combination of inactivated Propionibacterium granulosum (P. granulosum) and detoxified Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and attenuated SuHV-1, strain Bartha, on the proportion of peripheral blood CD3- CD21+ B cells were analysed in 30 crossbred, 3-month old pigs using flow cytometry (FCM). Specific antibodies for gE and gB of SuHV- 1 were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were compared among six experimental groups: (1) pigs that separately received the vaccine, (2) IM of bacterial origin, (3) IM of viral origin, (4) simultaneous administration of the vaccine and bacterial IM, (5) simultaneous administration of the vaccine and viral IM, and (6) the control group of untreated pigs. Comparison of B cell proportions and the detection of specific antibodies in blood samples of vaccinated pigs on Day 11 of the experiment showed a transient decrease in B cell contents, though this could not be assumed to be related since the control group showed a decrease in B cell proportion on the same day. The results showed that the use of IMs alone or in combination with the attenuated SuHV-1 vaccine did not have a significant impact on the proportion of peripheral blood B cells in growing pigs.
Analysis of Conflict Resolution Strategies of Head Teachers: Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Ahmad Masood , Qamar Toheed , Nadeem Muhammad Tahir , Ahmad Muhammad Farooq
Published: October 2021

Conflict managing has become a center of gravity of human activities in these days. Head teachers should be well aware how to resolve conflict among staff members.  So, the study was designed to analyze how head teachers can resolve conflict among staff members and was there any significance difference between male and female head teachers’ conflict resolving strategies. Survey method was used to investigate conflict resolving strategies of the head teachers. Bahawalpur was the population of the study. Convenient sampling technique was used to select sample.  Self-constructed instrument was applied to collect data. Questionnaire was consist of five types of parameters i-e  integrating conflict, obliging conflict, dominating conflict, avoidance conflict and compromising conflict. The major finding of the study was that majority of the head teachers exercise integrating conflict resolution strategies to resolve conflict. Major part of the head teachers adopted obliging conflict resolution strategies to resolve the conflict. Mainstream of head teachers used dominating conflict resolving strategies to resolve conflict. Majority of the head teachers exercise dominating conflict resolving strategies. Greater part of the respondents agreed that head teachers adopted compromising conflict resolving strategies to resolve conflict among staff members. Gender wise comparison indicates that there was a significance difference between male and female head teachers to use the conflict resolution strategies at secondary level.
A Low-Cost Assembly for Extraction of Hot Calcium Chloride Extractable Boron from Soil Samples
Authors:   Department of Soil Science, G. B. Pant Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand -263145, Srivastava P.C. , Pachauri S.P. ,   Department of Soil Science, G. B. Pant Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand -263145
Published: October 2021

Among micronutrients, boron (B) occupies a prime place next to zinc (Zn) in Indian Agriculture. Acidic soils, coarse-textured soils subjected to leaching in high rainfall areas, and calcareous soils are likely to be deficient in B (Srivastava and Gupta 1996). According to an estimate based on soil testing of more than two lakh samples drawn from 508 districts of India indicated that 23.2 percent of soil samples are deficient in B (Shukla et al. 2019). Though there are several methods for the analysis of B in soils yet hot water-soluble B (Berger and Truog 1940; Gupta 1967) or dilute CaCl2 extractable B (Cartwright et al. 1983; Adams et al. 1991) are widely adopted for different soils all over the World (Diana 2008). The assembly adopted for the extraction of hot water soluble or dilute CaCl2 extractable B is costly as it requires the use of low B glass or quartz boiling flask equipped with a condenser tube for refluxing (Parker and Gardner 1981) which generally poses difficulty in handling and maintenance. Schuppli (1986) used a Teflon Erlenmeyer flask (125 ml) capacity attached to a Teflon reflux condenser to extract hot water-soluble B from soils, and an asbestos mat was placed between the hot plate and the flask to prevent damage to the Teflon flask. This publication proposes a low-cost assembly to extract hot water-soluble or hot CaCl2 extractable B in soils.
Land Evaluation for Alternate Land Use Planning of Soils in Tatrakallu Village of Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, S.V Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502, Sashikala G. , Naidu M.V.S ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, S.V Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502, Ramana K.V. ,   Andhra Pradesh Space Applications Centre, Vijayawada-520010, Nagamadhuri K.V. ,   Regional Agriculture Research Station, ANGRAU, Tirupati-517 502, Pratap Kumar Reddy A. ,   Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Lam, Guntur-522034, Sudhakar P. ,   Department of Crop Physiology, S.V Agricultural College, Tirupati-517502
Published: October 2021

Twenty-two typical pedons (14 soil series- TTK1 to TTK-14) representing major landforms of Tatrakallu village of Ananatapuramu district of Andhra Pradesh were evaluated by using qualitative and quantitative methods. Three major land capability classes (III, IV and VI) were identified with two sub classes (erosion and wetness). Crop suitability analysis revealed that the village falls under marginally suitable (S3) with limitations of soil fertility, wetness and sodicity and not suitable (N) with limitations of slope, texture shallow rooting depth, sodicity and poor nutrient status. Riquier’s parametric approach was found to be good indicator for identification of production potential. The land evaluation revealed that, suitability and productivity of these soils were highly variable, and hence their management must be site-specific. The suggestion including the crop residue retention, nutrient recycling, minimum tillage, crop rotation, cover crops and intercropping not only helps to conserve soil and water more effectively in soils but also increase organic matter content and improve fertilizer use efficiency. Farmers continued to grow groundnut, pigeonpea, chickpea and castor for many years on marginally suitable as they are not aware of suitable soils for a particular crop. Adoption of suggested ameliorative measures and land use not only improve the yield but also sustain the soil productivity.
Effect of Different Levels of Phosphorus and Zeolite on Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Rabi Onion Grown on an Inceptisols
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413722, Maharashtra, Shelke S.R. , Bhakare B.D. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413722, Maharashtra, Kishor Kumar C.N. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413722, Maharashtra
Published: October 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Post Graduate Institute Instructional Farm of Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, during rabi 2017-2018 to study the effect of different levels of phosphorus and zeolite on yield and its use efficiency and availability of nutrients. There were eight treatments replicated thrice in RBD. The significantly highest bulb with 150% of the recommended dose of P2O5 175 kg along with 120 kg ha-1 of zeolite application followed by the zeolite @ 120 kg ha¬¬¬¬¬¬-1 + 125% P2O5of RDF. However, the highest phosphorus use efficiency was observed in the treatment with 75% P2O5 of RDF and recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers along with 120 kg ha-1zeolite and 20 t ha-1 farm yard manure. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were significantly higher in treatment with zeolite @ 120 kg ha-1 + 150% P2O5 of RDF. Thus recommended dose of phosphatic fertilizer can be reduced by 25% when used along with 120 kg ha-1zeolite and recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers for obtaining optimum yield of onion.
Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil: Sources, Accumulation in Vegetables and Remedial Measures: A Review
Authors:   Centre for Environmental Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110 012, Kumar Sandeep , Malav Lal Chand ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Nagpur, 440033, Maharashtra, Prasad Shiv ,   Centre for Environmental Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110 012, Yadav Sunita ,   Centre for Environmental Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, 110 012, Daripa Amrita ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Nagpur, 440033, Maharashtra
Published: October 2021

Presently, rapid industrialization and mechanization create a lot of heavy metal pollution around the globe. Both anthropogenic and natural sources are responsible for the discharge of heavy metal in the environment. Anyhow, these toxic metals reach into soil, water bodies, plants and finally to human beings through the food chain. These toxic metals create several problems in plants and living beings after intake from the soil and get accumulated in their body. Heavy metals also exhibit toxic effects on soil biological activities by affecting key microbial processes and also hamper the activities of soil microbes. Recently, due to industrial development in urban areas, heavy metal contamination has become a serious threat to peri-urban agriculture prevalent for vegetable production. There has long been a need for decontamination of these agricultural resources and prevention from the further contamination to avert the negative effects on living beings. In this article, an attempt has been made to provide an extensive understanding about different sources of heavy metal, such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) etc., in agro-ecosystem and their possible risks to soil and plants. An effort has been also made to present in brief information on remediation techniques specially phytoremediation through this review.
An Effort to Bring the Positive Change of SMEs: A Study on the Capacity Development Program of SME Foundation
Authors: Khatun Fatema
Published: October 2021

The number of SMEs is creasing in our country tremendously. But most of these cannot run for a long time because the SME entrepreneurs have no enough knowledge to manage every activity related to their business. Besides, some of them can hardly utilize their money and resources properly. So, the capacity of the SME employee and entrepreneurs should be built through providing demand-based training. SME Foundation plays an important role by arranging different training programs in all over the country. The main objective of this study is to discuss the role of capacity building program for the development of institutional as well as individual capacity in the SME sector. The limitations identified in this study such as, problems in the types, duration, and training place disrupt the smooth activity of the training program. Besides, lack of specialized trainers, small number of training programs and lack of modern technology are also identified in this study. The study the suggest recommendation to overcome the barriers to develop capacity in SME sector.
Money Supply and Stock Prices – A Case Study of Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Banking and Finance, College of Management and Social sciences Rhema University Aba, Nigeria, Godfrey Dr. Ogbonna Udochukwu
Published: October 2021

This study examined the relationship between money supply and stock prices, using E-view version 10. The empirical results of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test at 5 percent critical levels indicates that all the variables (M2 and MCAP) were not stationary at levels. However, all the variables became stationary after first differencing. Hence, the variables are of the same order of integration I (1). A cointegration test tells us that there exists a long run relationship between or among the variables and that they will not wander far apart away even though on the short run they exhibit random walk behavior. The Vector Error Correction test shows that Money supply (M2) has a significant relationship with market capitalization of the Nigerian stock exchange. The value of the Adjusted R-Squared of 0.726710 implies that Money supply (M2) explained about 72.67% systematic variations in the dependent variable (MCAP) over the observed years while the remaining 27.33% variations are explained by other determining variables outside the model. In order to further establish the relationship between money supply and stock market price, a granger causality test was carried out and it was established that there is a bi-directional causality between money supply and stock prices. The researcher therefore recommends that there should be collaboration among agencies of government in charge of money supply and stock exchange in order to make sure that sound policies are made to achieve the objective of government. Furthermore, that there should be a deliberate and concerted policy and effort to improve the Nigerian stock exchange market in line with other stock exchanges of the world, since stock prices cause money supply and vice versa.
Identification and Probiotic Potency Screening of Cellulolytic Bacilli Isolated from Fecal Pellets and Gastrointestinal Tract of Nypha Worm (Namalycastis rhodochorde), West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Setyawati TR , Yanti AH , Kurniatuhadi R.
Published: October 2021

The bacterial isolates NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 isolated from fecal pellets and gastrointestinal tract of nypha worms (Namalycastis rhodochorde) have cellulolytic, proteolytic activity and produce organic acids. The four isolates have the potency to be developed as probiotics in nypha worm cultivation feed. This study aims to determine the probiotics potency and identify the species of NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 isolate based on 16srDNA sequence. The probiotic potency was carried out by the acid tolerance assays on distilled water and 0.3% acid bile media, and the antimicrobial testing against Escherichia coli (MF exp21.12). Bacterial identification was carried out by sequencing of 16sDNA sequence based on GeneBank data. The results showed that the bacterial isolates of NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 were able to grow on 0.3% distilled water and acid bile media. However, only the NrLtF4 and NrLtF5 inhibited E. coli (MF exp21.12) with halo zones 30 mm and 18 mm, respectively. Blasting results of the 16srDNA sequences showed that the NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 were closely related to Bacillus wiedmannii, Brevibacterium sediminis, Bacillus proteolyticus, and Bacillus paramycoides. The nypha worm bacterial isolates have the potency to be developed as probiotics in nypha worm culture.
Risk factors leading to pulmonary exacerbation in patients with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review
Authors: Danish Abdul Aziz  , Syeda Khadija Fatima  , Hasan Nawaz Tahir
Published: October 2021

Objective: To ascertain major risk factors associated with pulmonary exacerbation and pulmonary function decline in cystic fibrosis.
Method: The systematic review was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi, in September 2018, and comprised electronic search of PubMed, Ovid, Science Direct and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases of studies conducted from January 1990 to September 2018 which were categorised into 3 sets; 1990-98, 1999-2007 and 2008-18. Studies included for review focussed on articles with pulmonary exacerbation as the health outcome indicator, and had diagnosis of cystic fibrosis as the inclusion criteria, while risk factors were the exposure terms used in the search process. References in bibliographies of the included studies were also systematically searched for relevant documents.
Results: Of the 60 studies obtained, 31(51.7%) were selected; 2(6.45%) from 1990-98, 7(22.58%) from 1999-2007 and 22(70.96%) from 2008-18. Overall, 17(54.83%) were cohort studies, 7(22.5%) were cross-sectional studies, 3(9.6%) were case-control studies, 3(9.6%) were randomised controlled trials and 1(3.2%) was systematic review and meta-analysis. In terms of major risk factors, genetic mutations were cited by 4(12.9%) studies, infections and inflammatory biomarkers by 15(48.4%), nutritional deficiencies by 9(29%) and geographical and socioeconomic status by 3(9.6%) studies.
Conclusion: Early identification and recognition of risk factors associated with pulmonary exacerbation can have an explicit impact on its management, leading to decreased morbidity and mortality burden in cystic fibrosis cases.
Key Words: Pulmonary exacerbation, Cystic fibrosis, Risk factors, Systematic review.
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Relationship between psychological distress, quality of life and resilience among medical and non-medical students
Authors: Asma Noreen  , Nazia Iqbal  , Bushra Hassan  , Syeda Ayat-e-Zainab Ali
Published: October 2021

Objective: Medical students are more vulnerable to greater psychological distress and lower quality of life in comparison to non-medical students. However, the resilience among such students can enable them to deal with psychological distress and thus has positive effect on quality of life.  This study aimed to identify the associations between psychological distress, resilience and quality of life among medical and non-medical students
Methods: A sample of (N=300) Male medical students (n=75) and Female medical students (n=75) Male non-medical students (n=75) and Female non-medical students (n=75) taken from different medical and non-medical colleges or Universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
Results: Findings revealed that psychological resilience was a positive predictor of quality of life (b =.30***) whereas psychological distress served as a negative predictor of quality of life (b=-.54***). Medical students were significantly higher on psychological distress (M= 26.81, SD= 7.44, p=.001), whereas non-medical students were found higher on quality of life (M= 91.71, SD = 10.51, p=.001) and resilience (M= 20.52, SD = 3.35, p=.001). Interestingly female students were found higher on Quality of Life (M=89.38, SD=16.28) and male students were found higher on Psychological Distress (M=25.36, SD=6.02, p=.002). Furthermore, male medical and female students were higher on psychological distress and lower on resilience and quality of life.
Conclusion: This study calls for implications to develop intervention strategies to deal psychological distress and one such strategy is to promote resilience to improve quality of life among students in general and among medical students in particular.
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