bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent climatic, cryospheric, and hydrological changes over the interior of western Canada: a review and synthesis
Authors: DeBeer Chris M. , Wheater Howard S. , Carey Sean K. , Chun Kwok P.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. It is well established that the Earth's climate system has warmed significantly over the past several decades, and in association there have been widespread changes in various other Earth system components. This has been especially prevalent in the cold regions of the northern mid- to high latitudes. Examples of these changes can be found within the western and northern interior of Canada, a region that exemplifies the scientific and societal issues faced in many other similar parts of the world, and where impacts have global-scale consequences. This region has been the geographic focus of a large amount of previous research on changing climatic, cryospheric, and hydrological regimes in recent decades, while current initiatives such as the Changing Cold Regions Network (CCRN) introduced in this review seek to further develop the understanding and diagnosis of this change and hence improve the capacity to predict future change. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the observed changes in various Earth system components and a concise and up-to-date regional picture of some of the temporal trends over the interior of western Canada since the mid- or late 20th century. The focus is on air temperature, precipitation, seasonal snow cover, mountain glaciers, permafrost, freshwater ice cover, and river discharge. Important long-term observational networks and data sets are described, and qualitative linkages among the changing components are highlighted. Increases in air temperature are the most notable changes within the domain, rising on average 2 °C throughout the western interior since 1950. This increase in air temperature is associated with hydrologically important changes to precipitation regimes and unambiguous declines in snow cover depth, persistence, and spatial extent. Consequences of warming air temperatures have caused mountain glaciers to recede at all latitudes, permafrost to thaw at its southern limit, and active layers over permafrost to thicken. Despite these changes, integrated effects on stream flow are complex and often offsetting. Following a review of the current literature, we provide insight from a network of northern research catchments and other sites detailing how climate change confounds hydrological responses at smaller scales, and we recommend several priority research areas that will be a focus of continued work in CCRN. Given the complex interactions and process responses to climate change, it is argued that further conceptual understanding and quantitative diagnosis of the mechanisms of change over a range of scales is required before projections of future change can be made with confidence.
Spatial evolution of Zagros collision zone in Kurdistan, NW Iran: constraints on Arabia–Eurasia oblique convergence
Authors: Sadeghi Shahriar , Yassaghi Ali
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Stratigraphy, detailed structural mapping and a crustal-scale cross section across the NW Zagros collision zone provide constraints on the spatial evolution of oblique convergence of the Arabian and Eurasian plates since the Late Cretaceous. The Zagros collision zone in NW Iran consists of the internal Sanandaj–Sirjan, Gaveh Rud and Ophiolite zones and the external Bisotoun, Radiolarite and High Zagros zones. The Main Zagros Thrust is the major structure of the Zagros suture zone. Two stages of oblique deformation are recognized in the external part of the NW Zagros in Iran. In the early stage, coexisting dextral strike-slip and reverse dominated domains in the Radiolarite zone developed in response to deformation partitioning due to oblique convergence. Dextral-reverse faults in the Bisotoun zone are also compatible with oblique convergence. In the late stage, deformation partitioning occurred during southeastward propagation of the Zagros orogeny towards its foreland resulting in synchronous development of orogen-parallel strike-slip and thrust faults. It is proposed that the first stage was related to Late Cretaceous oblique obduction, while the second stage resulted from Cenozoic collision. The Cenozoic orogen-parallel strike-slip component of Zagros oblique convergence is not confined to the Zagros suture zone (Main Recent Fault) but also occurred in the external part (Marekhil–Ravansar fault system). Thus, it is proposed that oblique convergence of Arabian and Eurasian plates in Zagros collision zone initiated with oblique obduction in the Late Cretaceous followed by oblique collision in the late Tertiary, consistent with global plate reconstructions.
Sistemas de información geográfico en el manejo de los servicios básicos de salud en el municipio de San José Colinas, Santa Bárbara, Honduras
Authors: Castellanos Yeny Maribel
Published: April 2016

Como parte de la generación y transmisión del conocimiento, los sistemas de información geográfica ofrecen los medios necesarios para llevar a cabo una diversidad de investigaciones, en este caso el manejo de los servicios básicos de salud en el municipio de San José Colinas, Santa Bárbara, en donde la necesidad de precisar la satisfacción de la población del municipio respecto al acceso a estos servicios de salud tanto en áreas rurales como urbanas, en donde la importancia de identificar los lugares que brindan una atención primaria de salud, y las condiciones de acceso a estos centros de salud sean las adecuadas en este municipio. Con la identificación y localización de la información cartográfica que posea el municipio será un factor determinante no solo en la promoción de los sistemas de información geográfica enfocada a la salud, sino también generar una visión amplia en el desarrollo de proyectos que permita potenciar el desarrollo de la zona, en donde esta visión podrá mejorar áreas como catastro, servicios básicos, manejo y uso de suelo, manejo de recurso naturales, turismo, infraestructura u otro que se desee implementar en la región.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.6(1) 2013, 44-53
Predictive Reliability Model of 10G/25G Mesa-Type Avalanche Photodiode Degradation
Authors: Huang Jack Jia-Sheng , Jan Yu-Heng , Chen H. S. , Chang H. S. , Ni C. J. , Chou Emin
Published: April 2016

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are important building blocks for high-sensivity, low-noise receivers deployed in the datacenter, wireless and cloud computing networks. Maintaining stable dark current is a crucial task for overall robust sysem reliability. To achieve design-in low dark current stability, good knowledge of reliability physics is indispensable. In this work, we study the physical mechanisms of 10G/25G mesa-type APD degradation. We institute a predictive reliability model to account for the degradation processes. A comprehensive comparison of APD and IC transistor is also illustrated in terms of dielectric breakdown, mobile ion migration and hot carrier injection. The model suggests that surface leakage current is the dominant factor for the mesa-type APD degradation. Based on the model, it is predicted that highly reliable 10G/25G APD can be achieved with the suppression of weak links at the surface/interface states.
A Region-Specific Hybrid Sampling Method for Optimal Path Planning
Authors: Zhong Chengcheng , Liu Hong
Published: April 2016

Finding high quality paths within a limited time in configuration space is a challenging issue for path planning. Recently, an asymptotically optimal method called fast marching tree (FMT*) has been proposed. This method converges significantly faster than its state-of-the-art counterparts when addressing a wide range of problems. However, FMT* appears unable to solve the narrow passage problem in optimal path planning, since it is based on uniform sampling. Aiming at solving this problem, a novel region-based sampling method integrating global scenario information and local region information is proposed in this paper. First, global information related to configuration space is extracted from an initial sample set obtained via hybrid sampling. Then, local regions are constructed and local region information is captured to make intelligent decisions regarding regions that are difficult and need to be boosted. Finally, the initial sample set is sent to FMT* using a modified locally optimal one-step connection strategy in order to find an initial and feasible solution. If no solution is found and time permits, the guided hybrid sampling will be adopted in order to add more useful samples to the sample set until a solution is found or the time for doing so runs out. Simulation results for six benchmark scenarios validate that our method can achieve significantly better results than other state-of-the-art methods when applied in challenging scenarios with narrow passages.
A systematic review of interventions to improve postpartum retention of women in PMTCT and ART care
Authors: Geldsetzer Pascal , Yapa H Manisha N , Vaikath Maria , Ogbuoji Osondu , Fox Matthew P , Essajee Shaffiq M , Negussie Eyerusalem K , Bärnighausen Till
Published: April 2016

Introduction

The World Health Organization recommends lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV. Effective transitioning from maternal and child health to ART services, and long‐term retention in ART care postpartum is crucial to the successful implementation of lifelong ART for pregnant women. This systematic review aims to determine which interventions improve (1) retention within prevention of mother‐to‐child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes after birth, (2) transitioning from PMTCT to general ART programmes in the postpartum period, and (3) retention of postpartum women in general ART programmes.

Methods

We searched Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, the regional World Health Organization databases and conference abstracts for data published between 2002 and 2015. The quality of all included studies was assessed using the GRADE criteria.

Results and Discussion

After screening 8324 records, we identified ten studies for inclusion in this review, all of which were from sub‐Saharan Africa except for one from the United Kingdom. Two randomized trials found that phone calls and/or text messages improved early (six to ten weeks) postpartum retention in PMTCT. One cluster‐randomized trial and three cohort studies found an inconsistent impact of different levels of integration between antenatal care/PMTCT and ART care on postpartum retention. The inconsistent results of the four identified studies on care integration are likely due to low study quality, and heterogeneity in intervention design and outcome measures. Several randomized trials on postpartum retention in HIV care are currently under way.

Conclusions

Overall, the evidence base for interventions to improve postpartum retention in HIV care is weak. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that phone‐based interventions can improve retention in PMTCT in the first one to three months postpartum.
Premedical Students’ Attitudes Toward Primary Care Medicine
Authors: Beverly Elizabeth A. , Wietecha Delia A. , Nottingham Kelly , Rush Laura J. , Law Timothy D.
Published: April 2016

Background: Expanded insurance coverage will likely increase the demand for primary care physicians in the United States. Despite this demand, the number of medical students planning to specialize in primary care is decreasing.

Objective: To explore premedical students’ attitudes toward the primary care specialty.

Methods: Students enrolled in premedicine at a large Midwestern university were invited to complete the Primary Care Attitudes Survey (Cronbach α=.76). This 25-item survey measures attitudes about primary care on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1, “strongly disagree” to 5, “strongly agree.” Basic sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using descriptive statistics, and frequencies of individual survey responses were calculated using SPSS statistical software version 21.0.

Results: A total of 100 premedical students (mean [SD] age, 19.8 [1.5] years; 59 female, 82 white non-Hispanic, and 33 freshman) completed the survey. Of 100 students, 33 planned to pursue primary care; 66 thought that primary care physicians would always have a job; 25 thought that primary care may become obsolete as medicine becomes more specialized; 48 thought that physician assistants and nurse practitioners would take over many primary care duties in the future; 91 thought that primary care physicians make important contributions to medicine; and 84 agreed that primary care focuses on the whole patient.

Conclusions: Premedical students held positive views about the importance of primary care; however, many expressed uncertainty about the stability of primary care careers in the future. Further, a substantial number of students believed common misconceptions about the scope and practice of primary care, such as primary care doctors are gatekeepers and mostly diagnose colds and ear infections.
Sub-230 nm deep-UV emission from GaN quantum disks in AlN grown by a modified Stranski–Krastanov mode
Authors: Islam SM , Protasenko Vladimir , Rouvimov Sergei , Xing Huili (Grace) , Jena Debdeep
Published: April 2016

We report tunable deep-ultraviolet (DUV) emission over the 222–231 nm range from 1–2 monolayer (ML) GaN quantum disks (QDs) grown in an AlN matrix. The linewidth of the emission were as narrow as ∼10 nm at 5 K. The disks were grown in modified Stranski–Krastanov (mSK) mode. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images confirmed insertion of 1–2 MLs of GaN between 3 nm AlN barriers. The internal quantum efficiency was estimated from low temperature photoluminescence measurements for the disks, and compared with 1 and 2 ML GaN quantum wells/AlN barriers. The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of the GaN QDs was found to be ∼35% for 222 nm emission, ∼200% higher than 1 ML GaN QWs.
Watch out where you sleep: nocturnal sleeping behaviour of Bay Island lizards
Authors: Mohanty Nitya Prakash , Harikrishnan Surendran , Vasudevan Karthikeyan
Published: April 2016

Sleeping exposes lizards to predation. Therefore, sleeping strategies must be directed towards avoiding predation and might vary among syntopic species. We studied sleeping site characteristics of two syntopic, congeneric lizards—the Bay Island forest lizard,Coryphophylax subcristatusand the short-tailed Bay Island lizard,C. brevicaudusand evaluated inter-specific differences. We measured structural, microclimatic and potential predator avoidance at the sleeping perches of 386C. subcristatusand 185C. brevicaudus. Contrary to our expectation, we found similar perch use in both species. The lizards appeared to use narrow girth perch plants and accessed perches by moving both vertically and horizontally. Most lizards slept on leaves, with their heads directed towards the potential path of a predator approaching from the plant base. There was no inter-specific competition in the choices of sleeping perches. These choices indicate an anti-predator strategy involving both tactile and visual cues. This study provides insight into a rarely studied behaviour in reptiles and its adaptive significance.
PKC in motorneurons underlies self-learning, a form of motor learning inDrosophila
Authors: Colomb Julien , Brembs Björn
Published: April 2016

Tethering a fly for stationary flight allows for exquisite control of its sensory input, such as visual or olfactory stimuli or a punishing infrared laser beam. A torque meter measures the turning attempts of the tethered fly around its vertical body axis. By punishing, say, left turning attempts (in a homogeneous environment), one can train a fly to restrict its behaviour to right turning attempts. It was recently discovered that this form of operant conditioning (called operant self-learning), may constitute a form of motor learning inDrosophila. Previous work had shown that Protein Kinase C (PKC) and the transcription factordFoxPwere specifically involved in self-learning, but not in other forms of learning. These molecules are specifically involved in various forms of motor learning in other animals, such as compulsive biting inAplysia, song-learning in birds, procedural learning in mice or language acquisition in humans. Here we describe our efforts to decipher which PKC gene is involved in self-learning inDrosophila. We also provide evidence that motorneurons may be one part of the neuronal network modified during self-learning experiments. The collected evidence is reminiscent of one of the simplest, clinically relevant forms of motor learning in humans, operant reflex conditioning, which also relies on motorneuron plasticity.
Does Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Hospital Stay in Appendectomy Patients?
Authors: Bayhan Zulfu , Zeren Sezgin , Kargi Ertugrul , Yaylak Faik , Korkmaz Mehmet , Sanal Bekir , Ucar Bercis Imge , Deger Aysenur , Kocak Cengiz
Published: April 2016

We aimed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the postoperative length of hospital stay. In addition, the impact of radiologic and histopathologic findings on hospital stay was also evaluated. This was a retrospective study; 103 patients with appendicitis were included. Diagnosis was confirmed with computerized tomography (CT) scans, ultrasonography, and histopathologic examination. Correlations between the length of hospital stay and age; sex; NLR; c-reactive peptide (CRP) levels; appendix diameter on CT scan or ultrasonography; appendix localization; and pathology reports were evaluated. The length of hospital stay was not related to age or sex. The length of hospital stay after appendectomy was correlated with appendix diameter on CT scan and phlegmonous appendicitis, but it was not associated with NLR, CRP levels, or appendix diameter on ultrasonography. This is a pioneer study, given there is no comprehensive study to date evaluating the association between NLR levels and the length of hospital stay of patients with acute appendicitis. NLR is not associated with the length of hospital stay. Appendix diameter with CT scan and appendix pathology reports are correlated with the length of postoperative hospital stay in appendectomy patients.
Long‐term analysis between radio occultation and ionosonde peak electron density and height during geomagnetic storms
Authors: Habarulema John Bosco , Carelse Suné Arlene
Published: April 2016

For the first time, a long‐term comparative analysis of radio occultation (RO) maximum electron density and peak height of the F2 layer (NmF2 and hmF2) with ionosonde data is presented during geomagnetic storm periods. Using the optimum spatial resolution of 4.5° × 4.5° in both latitude and longitude space over Grahamstown, GR13L(33.3°S, 26.5°E), South Africa, RO NmF2 and hmF2 (from CHAMP and COSMIC/FORMOSAT‐3) are directly compared to ionosonde values within 15 min of ionosonde observational data from 2003 to end of May 2015. This study provides for the first time the deviation of RO data from ionosonde data on a long‐term scale during disturbed conditions in a midlatitude region. We have found that maximum deviations between RO and ionosonde hmF2/NmF2 occur during the high solar activity periods. For some storms, deviations between RO and ionosonde hmF2 can reach values just over 30 km and 85 km during 2005–2010 and 2011–2015, respectively. Overall, statistical results show that hmF2 and NmF2 from these independent data sets agree to within ∼9% and 21% (1 standard deviation, 1σ) from 2003 to 2015. While the deviation can be large during some storm events, statistically and based on ionosonde data, RO F2 peak parameters in midlatitudes are not degraded significantly during disturbed conditions and can therefore be reliably used to study ionospheric dynamics during extreme space weather events.
Paranormal Believers' Susceptibility to Confirmatory Versus Disconfirmatory Conjunctions
Authors: Rogers Paul , Fisk John E. , Lowrie Emma
Published: April 2016

This study examines paranormal believers' susceptibility to the conjunction fallacy for confirmatory versus non‐confirmatory conjunctive events. Members of the UK public (N = 207) read 16 hypothetical vignettes before judging the likelihood that each constituent and their conjunction would (co) occur. Event type (paranormal versus non‐paranormal), outcome type (confirming versus disconfirming) and level of paranormal belief (in either extrasensory perception, psychokinesis or life after death)—plus relevant interaction terms—were entered into a linear mixed model analysis. As hypothesised, paranormal belief was associated with more conjunction errors regardless of event type with, in general, more errors made for confirmatory over disconfirmatory conjunctions. These trends existed for extrasensory perception and psychokinesis believers with those for life after death believers approaching significance. Consistent with Crupi and Tentori's Confirmation–Theoretical Framework, current findings suggest that paranormal believers are prone to a generic and confirmatory conjunction fallacy. Theoretical implications, methodological limitations and future research ideas are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Learning about Probability from Text and Tables: Do Color Coding and Labeling through an Interactive‐user Interface Help?
Authors: Clinton Virginia , Morsanyi Kinga , Alibali Martha W. , Nathan Mitchell J.
Published: April 2016

Learning from visual representations is enhanced when learners appropriately integrate corresponding visual and verbal information. This study examined the effects of two methods of promoting integration, color coding and labeling, on learning about probabilistic reasoning from a table and text. Undergraduate students (N = 98) were randomly assigned to learn about probabilistic reasoning from one of 4 computer‐based lessons generated from a 2 (color coding/no color coding) by 2 (labeling/no labeling) between‐subjects design. Learners added the labels or color coding at their own pace by clicking buttons in a computer‐based lesson. Participants' eye movements were recorded while viewing the lesson. Labeling was beneficial for learning, but color coding was not. In addition, labeling, but not color coding, increased attention to important information in the table and time with the lesson. Both labeling and color coding increased looks between the text and corresponding information in the table. The findings provide support for the multimedia principle, and they suggest that providing labeling enhances learning about probabilistic reasoning from text and tables. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
General Cycloaddition Between a Trimethylsilyl‐Capped Alkyne and an Azide Catalyzed by an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Copper Complex and Pyridine‐Biscarboxamide
Authors: Xu Haochen , Sun Zhihua
Published: April 2016

With an externally provided catalytic amide facilitator and an N‐heterocyclic carbene‐copper (NHC‐Cu) complex, the cycloaddition of an azide and a trimethylsilyl (TMS)‐capped alkyne can proceed smoothly. This protocol can be applied to a variety of TMS‐capped substrates, with electron‐rich alkynes generally giving higher yields and nitroaromatic alkynes giving lower yields. For special applications of this protocol, a substrate containing both a terminal alkyne and a TMS‐capped alkyne can sequentially react with different azides without isolation of intermediates; and a macrocyclic product can also be formed efficiently without the complication of polymer formation.

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Heterogeneous Gold‐Catalyzed Selective Semireduction of Alkynes using Formic Acid as Hydrogen Source
Authors: Li Shu‐Shuang , Tao Lei , Wang Fu‐Ze‐Rong , Liu Yong‐Mei , Cao Yong
Published: April 2016

A convenient and robust protocol for the selective transfer semireduction of alkynes was developed, using bio‐renewable formic acid as the hydrogen source and easily handled supported gold nanoparticles as the catalyst. The catalytic system showed several attractive features such as high activity and selectivity, recyclability, scalability and adaptability to continuous operation under mild reaction conditions, thus providing a practical alternative to current methods for alkyne semireduction.

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Buggies, villi, cornelia, and genes: My extended mentorship with LG Jackson
Authors: Kline Antonie D.
Published: April 2016

Although Laird G. Jackson, M.D., has mentored many individuals, most in the field of Medical Genetics, he remains inspirational and true to his basic tenets. This invited comment describes how he shaped the professional course of one of his “mentees.” © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dendron‐Enhanced Emission from 1,4‐Bis[2,2‐bis(4‐alkoxyphenyl)vinyl]benzene Derivatives
Authors: Shi Zi‐Fa , An Peng , Wen Wei , Xing Zi‐Min , Cao Xiao‐Ping , Zhang Hao‐Li
Published: April 2016

A series of peripheral dendron‐incorporating 1,4‐bis[2,2‐bis(4‐alkoxyphenyl)vinyl]benzenes with aggregation‐induced emission properties were synthesized. As the generation of the dendrons increased, there was an enhancement in the fluorescence emission of the corresponding fluorophore not only in the solid state but also in various solvent systems. The fluorescence quantum yields of the molecule with the largest dendons were up to 71 % in the solid state and 66 % in solution. The dendrons acted as a shell to the fluorophore core to prevent intermolecular π–π interactions and restrict the intramolecular rotations of the fluorophore, which improved the luminous intensity. This study shows that the incorporation of bulky dendrons is an effective way to increase the fluorescence emission efficiency of aggregation‐induced emission fluorophores.
Strategy Selection Versus Strategy Blending: A Predictive Perspective on Single‐ and Multi‐Strategy Accounts in Multiple‐Cue Estimation
Authors: Herzog Stefan M. , von Helversen Bettina
Published: April 2016

The claim that a person can use different strategies or processes to solve the same task is pervasive in decision making, categorization, estimation, reasoning, and other research fields. Yet suchmulti‐strategyapproaches differ widely in how they envision that the different strategies are coordinated and therefore do not represent one unitary approach.Toolboxmodels, for example, assume that people shift from one strategy to another as they adapt to specific task environments based on past experience. Unlike such multi‐strategyselectionapproaches, multi‐strategyblendingapproaches assume that the outputs of different strategies are blended into a joint, hybrid response (i.e., “wisdom of strategies” in one mind). The goal of this article is twofold. First, we discussstrategy blendingas a conceptual alternative to strategy selection for modeling human judgment. Second, we investigate the predictive performance of the different approaches in synthetic and real‐world environments. Taking anormative perspective, we study the coordination of rule‐based and exemplar‐based processes in estimation tasks. Our simulations using synthetic and real‐world environments indicate that, for medium‐sized samples, multi‐strategy blending approaches lead to more accurate estimates than relying on a single strategy or selecting a strategy based on past experience—possibly because neither rule‐ nor exemplar‐based processes in isolation are sufficient to capture statistical regularities that enable accurate estimates. This suggests that multi‐strategy blending approaches can be advantageous to the degree that they rely on qualitatively different strategies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retrospective analysis of bevacizumab‐induced hypertension and clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer and lung cancer
Authors: Nakaya Aya , Kurata Takayasu , Yokoi Takashi , Iwamoto Shigeyoshi , Torii Yoshitaro , Katashiba Yuichi , Ogata Makoto , Hamada Madoka , Kon Masanori , Nomura Shosaku
Published: April 2016

Bevacizumab(Avastin®), a humanized therapeutic monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor, is widely used in cancer treatment. Patients who are treated with bevacizumab have an increased risk of developing systemic hypertension. However, the relationship between bevacizumab‐induced hypertension and clinical outcome remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of bevacizumab‐induced hypertension in terms of prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer and non‐small cell lung cancer. The study included 632 patients, 317 patients with non‐small cell lung cancer and 315 patients with colorectal cancer. All patients were treated with bevacizumab in combination with standard chemotherapy protocols, between April 2007 and December 2014. Blood pressure was measured before each treatment cycle. In the patient group with colorectal cancer, treated with bevacizumab, Grade 2–3 hypertension was present in 27.6%. In hypertensive patients with colorectal cancer, median overall survival was 42.6 months, compared with 20.6 months for normotensive patients in this group (P = 0.00071). In the patient group with non‐small cell lung cancer, treated with bevacizumab, Grade 2–3 hypertension was present in 20.5%. In hypertensive patients with non‐small cell lung cancer, median overall survival was 43.0 months, compared with 26.3 months for normotensive patients in this group (P = 0.00451). Patients who developed hypertension during treatment with bevacizumab for colorectal cancer and non‐small cell lung cancer had significantly prolonged overall survival when compared with normotensive patients. Bevacizumab‐induced hypertension may represent a biomarker for clinical benefit in cancer patients treated with bevacizumab.
Keep your eye on…
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2016

Using the Internet to train parents of young children with disruptive behavioral problems

The placebo response in clinical trials for anxiety disorders
Incarcerated children more likely to have had adverse experiences
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2016

Children who experience trauma are more likely to develop delinquency, including substance use disorders, later on, and a new study shows that the vast majority of children who are incarcerated were traumatized earlier in their lives. In “Adverse Childhood Experiences in the New Mexico Juvenile Justice Population,” published last month by the New Mexico Sentencing Commission, the researchers show that the intervention is needed in these children's lives before they get involved with the justice system.
ChemInform Abstract: MATRIX‐ISOLATED COPPER AND SILVER HALIDE CLUSTERS
Authors: MARTIN T. P. , SCHABER H.
Published: April 2016

Die IR‐Absorptionsspektren für die matrixisolierten (Ar) Cluster (CuCDn, (CuBr)n, (AgCDn, (AgBr)n und Cun‐ ClmBrn‐m werden mitgeteilt und durch Vergleich mit berechneten stabilen Konfigurationen und entsprechenden IR‐aktiven Schwingungsfrequenzen wird auf Größe und Gestalt der Cluster geschlossen.
ChemInform Abstract: SURFACE STATE AND KINETIC OSCILLATIONS IN THE OXIDATION OF HYDROGEN ON NICKEL
Authors: KURTANJEK Z. , SHEINTUCH M. , LUSS D.
Published: April 2016

Zur Erfassung von Oszillationen des Oberflächenzustandes und der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit während der Oxidation von H2 (durch O2) an einer Ni‐Platte in einem kontinuierlichen Strömungsreaktor werden Messungen der Kontaktpotentialdifferenz und der O2‐Konzentration am Auslaß im Temp.‐Bereich 160‐400°C vorgenommen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE REDUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE BY HYDROGEN OVER PLATINUM/Γ‐ALUMINA AS A FUNCTION OF METAL LOADING
Authors: OTTO K. , YAO H. C.
Published: April 2016

Die Untersuchungsergebnisse der Reduktion von NO mit H2 als Funktion der Pt‐Konzentration an der Trägeroberfläche im Temp.‐Bereich 273‐373 K werden mit entsprechenden kinetischen Daten für Rh‐Trägerkatalysatoren verglichen.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BIS(2‐((DIMETHYLAMINO)METHYL)PHENYL)CHLOROINDIUM(III), A FIVE‐COORDINATE DIORGANOINDIUM COMPLEX
Authors: KHAN M. , STEEVENSZ R. C. , TUCK D. G. , NOLTES J. G. , CORFIELD P. W. R.
Published: April 2016

Die 1:2‐molare Umsetzung von In‐trichlorid mit o‐Dimethylaminomethyl‐phenyl‐Li in Ether führt zu dem Titelkomplex (I), dessen Molekül‐ und Kristallstruktur mittels dreidimensionaler Röntgendiffraktionsmessungen bestimmt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF TRIS(μ‐(ETHANETHIOLATO))‐BIS(DICHLORO(DIMETHYL SULFIDE)TUNGSTEN(III,IV)). A MIXED OXIDATION STATE DIMERIC TUNGSTEN COMPOUND
Authors: BOORMAN P. M. , PATEL V. D. , KERR K. A. , CODDING P. W. , VAN ROEY P.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung (III) wird durch 1:2‐molare Umsetzung des Tetrachlorobis‐ [sulfid]‐Komplexes (I) mit dem Ethylthjolat (II) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: MODIFIED ELECTRODES FOR PHOTOGALVANIC CELLS
Authors: BOWEN W. R.
Published: April 2016

Messungen der Geschwindigkeiten von Elektronentransferreaktionen an mit Thionin oder Rhodamin Bmodifizierten Elektroden zeigen, daß die Thionin‐beschichtete "Elektrode möglicherweise für einen weiten Bereich photogalvanischer Systeme geeignet ist, während Adsorption aus Rhodamin B‐haltigen Lösungen unvorteilhaft ist.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON AN AROMATIC AMINE‐METHANE POLYCHLORO DERIVATIVE SYSTEM. PART VIII. PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME ANILINE AND PHENOL DERIVATIVES IN DICHLOROMETHANE AND IN A MIXTURE OF DICHLOROMETHANE WITH BENZENE
Authors: LATOWSKI T. , LATOWSKA E. , POPLAWSKA B. , PRZYTARSKA M. , WALCZAK M. , ZELENT B.
Published: April 2016

Methane Polychloro Derivative System.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS BY PEROXYDISULFATE. HOMOLYTIC BENZYLATION AND OXIDATIVE COUPLING REACTION
Authors: CLERICI A. , PORTA O.
Published: April 2016

Während bei der Behandlung des Methoxytoluols (Ia) mit Peroxydisulfat/Ag(I) in Gegenwart von protoniertem Isochinolin (II) bzw. Chinolin (IV) eine homolytische Benzylierung unter Bildung der Produkte (III) bzw. (Va) + (V b) erfolgt, wird mit dem Dimethoxytoluol (Ib) nur das Kupplungsprodukt (VI) erhalten (Darstellung in 65proz. Ausb. durch Reaktion von (Ib) bei Abwesenheit von (II)).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ALLYLIC CHLORIDES WITH BENZENE AND TOLUENE CATALYZED BY TUNGSTEN HEXACHLORIDE
Authors: MOCHIDA I. , TAKESHITA K. , OHGAI M. , SEIYAMA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Allylierung von Benzol (I) und Toluol (V) unter Woframhexachloridkatalyse wird eingehend untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF N‐SUBSTITUTED 2‐AMINOBENZOPHENONES
Authors: BOGATSKII A. V. , DANILIN V. V. , ANDRONATI S. A. , RUDENKO O. P.
Published: April 2016

N‐substituierte 2‐Aminobenzophenone (IV) besitzen Bedeutung als Sedativa und fiebersenkende Mittel.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CERTAIN PROPERTIES OF SULFOLANYL 3,4‐DIISOCYANATE
Authors: PARKHOMENKO P. I.
Published: April 2016

Trans‐3,4‐dibromsulfolan (I) reagiert mit Ammoniak zum unbeständigen Diamin (II).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF THE PHTHALIMIDE SYSTEM. PART 19. PHOTOCYCLIZATION OF N‐AMINOALKYLPHTHALIMIDES. SYNTHESES OF MULTICYCLIC FUSED HEXAHYDROPYRAZINES AND HEXAHYDRO‐1,4‐DIAZEPINES
Authors: MACHIDA M. , TAKECHI H. , KANAOKA Y.
Published: April 2016

Die Aminoalkylphthalimide (I) und (IV) gehen bei der Bestrahlung in die Heterocyclen (II), (III) und (V) über.
ChemInform Abstract: BORON TRIFLUORIDE‐PROMOTED TRANSFORMATION OF 3,5‐BIS(METHOXYCARBONYL)‐4‐PHENYLISOXAZOLINE N‐OXIDE INTO 3H‐INDOLE N‐OXIDE DERIVATIVE
Authors: KAJI E. , ZEN S.
Published: April 2016

Das aus Benzaldehyd und Methylnitroacetat hergestellte Isoxazolin‐N‐oxid (I) wird bei einer Behandlung mit Borfluoridetherat zum Indol‐N‐oxid (II) isomerisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: DIURETIC PROPERTIES OF DITHIOLE‐THIONE DERIVATIVES. STUDY ON A STRUCTURE‐ACTIVITY RELATION
Authors: DARTIGUES B. , CAMBAR J. , TREBAUL C. , BRELIVET J. , GUGLIELMETTI R.
Published: April 2016

Im Zusammenhang mit den diuretischen und/oder saluretischen Eigenschaften von 1,2‐Dithiolthionen‐(3) wurden nach angegebenen Reaktionsfolgen die 1,3‐Dithiol‐Derivate (II), (III), (VI) und (VIII) und nach bekannten Methoden die Analogen (IX) sowie das Thiophen (X) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON 4‐THIAZOLIDINONES. VI. REACTIONS OF 5‐(ARYLMETHYLENE)‐2‐(ALKYLTHIO)‐2‐THIAZOLIN‐4‐ONES WITH AMMONIUM CARBONATE AND AMINES
Authors: OMAR M. T. , SHERIF F. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Thiazolidinone (I) werden nach zwei Verfahren methyliert.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURE AND REACTIONS OF ACTIVATED CARBON‐NITROGEN DOUBLE BONDS. PART 4. REACTIONS OF DIMETHYL N‐CARBOMETHOXYIMIDODITHIOCARBONATE
Authors: EVERS R. , FISCHER E. , PULKENAT M.
Published: April 2016

Durch Umsetzung der Titelverbindung (I) mit Hydrazinen werden die Triazolone (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITIES OF 3‐FLUORO‐, 3‐CHLORO‐, 3‐BROMO‐, AND 3‐IODO‐4‐NITRO‐2,6‐DIMETHYLPYRIDINE N‐OXIDES
Authors: BAN‐OGANOWSKA H. , TALIK T.
Published: April 2016

Die Halogenlutidinoxide (Ia) bzw. (Ib) reagieren mit dem Mercaptid (II) in Ethanol unter Austausch der N02 ‐Gruppe zu den Sulfiden (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb); unter analogen Bedingungen gibt (Id) unter Austausch des F‐Atoms den Thioether (IV), während das Iodid (Ic) mit (II) in Et‐OH keine Reaktion gibt; wird die Umsetzung von (Ic) mit (II) in DMSO durchgeführt, so erfolgt Dehalogenierung zu (V).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SULFOXIDES, SULFILIMINES AND SULFOXIMINES CONTAINING PYRIDINE NUCLEI
Authors: FURUKAWA N. , TAKAHASHI F. , KISHIMOTO K. , MORITA H. , OAE S.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Mercaptopyridinen (II) erhält man nach bekannten Methoden die Sulfilimine (I).
ChemInform Abstract: BASE‐CATALYZED RING OPENING OF N‐(AMINOTHIOXOMETHYL)‐5,6‐DIHYDRO‐2‐METHYL‐1,4‐OXATHIIN‐3‐CARBOXAMIDES
Authors: KULKA M.
Published: April 2016

Die Kondensation des Isothiocyanats (I) mit dem Butensäureester (II) liefert ein Gemisch aus dem Pyrimidin (III) und dem Carboxamid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESIZED SUBSTITUTED 3‐((4′‐ARYL‐SUBSTITUTED CARBAMIDOACETYL)AMINOMETHYL)‐4(3H)‐QUINAZOLINONES AS CNS DEPRESSANT COMPOUNDS
Authors: MUKERJI D. D. , NAUTIYAL S. R. , PRASAD C. R.
Published: April 2016

Durch Kondensation der Chinazolone (I) mit den α‐Chloracetyl‐aryl‐harnstoffen (II) werden die Titelverbindungen (III) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF A SERIES OF PYRAZINO(1,2‐A)(1,4)BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: SMITH R. G. , LUCAS R. A. , WASLEY J. W. F.
Published: April 2016

p‐Chlor‐anilin (II) reagiert mit (I) zum Piperazindion (IIIa) und zu einer geringen Menge des Carbonsäureamids (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF TL(III) OXIDATION OF 1,2‐DIHYDROXYBENZENE IN CHLORIDE‐CONTAINING MEDIA
Authors: MENARD R. , ZADOR M.
Published: April 2016

Für verschiedene C1/T1‐Verhältnisse werden die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der Oxidation von l ,2‐Dihydroxybenzol bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF PIPERIDINE PENTACARBONYL COMPLEXES OF THE GROUP 6B METALS ISOLATED IN AN ARGON MATRIX AT 10 K
Authors: BOXHOORN G. , SCHOEMAKER G. C. , STUFKENS D. J. , OSKAM A. , REST A. J. , DARENSBOURG D. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse der Komplexe (I) bei den Wellenlängen 229 und 254 nm führt zur Bildung der Spezies M(CO)4L (L=Piperidin) mit Cs‐Symmetrie, bei den Wellenlängen 366 und 405 nm erfolgt Spaltung der M‐L‐ Bindung und Bildung von M(CO)5 . Die Strukturen der Photoprodukte werden mittels "CO‐Markierung und Kraftfeldberechnungen bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ISOELECTRONIC IRON CARBONYL SULPHIDE CLUSTERS H2‐NFE3S(CO9(N‐) (N = 0, 1, 2)
Authors: MARKO L. , TAKACS J. , PAPP S. , MARKO‐MONOSTORY B.
Published: April 2016

Methanolische Lösungen von NaHFe(CO)4 ‐ erhalten aus F e(CO)5, MeOH und NaOH ‐ reagieren mit Na2S′9 H2O zu einer Mischung, die nach Ansäuern mit HCl und Extraktion mit Hexan das diamagnetische, kristalline Produkt (I) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: METAL‐ION RECOGNITION. INTERACTION OF O2N2‐DONOR MACROCYCLES WITH COBALT(II), ZINC(II), AND CADMIUM(II) AND STRUCTURE OF THE ZINC COMPLEX OF ONE SUCH 15‐MEMBERED MACROCYCLE
Authors: LINDOY L. F. , LIP H. C. , REA J. H. , SMITH R. J. , HENRICK K. , MCPARTLIN M. , TASKER P. A.
Published: April 2016

Die makrocyclischen Komplexe (I)‐(III) wurden durch Reaktion der Liganden mit den Metallsalzen in wasserfreiem MeOH oder einer MeOH/ CHCl3‐Mischung dargestellt und NMR‐spektroskopisch charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRON TRANSFER. 45. MEASUREMENTS OF REDOX RATES REQUIRING SUPPRESSION OF AUTOCATALYSIS
Authors: SRINIVASAN V. S. , HU Y.‐R. , GOULD E. S.
Published: April 2016

Es werden die Kinetik und der Mechanismus der Reduktion einer Reihe von Co(III)‐Komplexen (I)‐(IV) mit reduzierbaren Liganden, die Autokatalyse zeigen, mittels Eu" und V" erneut untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PURINE COMPLEXES WITH DIVALENT 3D METAL PERCHLORATES
Authors: SPECA A. N. , MIKULSKI C. M. , IACONIANNI F. J. , PYTLEWSKI L. L. , KARAYANNIS N. M.
Published: April 2016

Purin reagiert mit den entsprechenden Metall(II)‐perchloraten in Ethanol/Triethylorthoformiat zu sechsfachkoordinierten Komplexen, denen aufgrund von elektronen‐ und IR‐spektroskopischen Untersuchungen, magnetischen Suszeptibilitäten und molaren Leitfähigkeitsmessungen die einfach‐verbrückte, lineare polymere Struktur (I) zuerkannt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: TRIS(PENTAFLUOROPHENYL)(TETRAHYDROTHIOPHEN)GOLD(III)
Authors: USON R. , LAGUNA A. , LAGUNA M. , FERNANDEZ E.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion der Goldver‐ bindung (I) in siedendem Benzol mit dem T1‐Derivat (II) führt unter Oxidation der Go1d(I)‐Verbindung zum Titelprodukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REVERSIBLE PHOSPHINE BINDING TO PALLADIUM ARYLAZOOXIMATES: CORRELATION OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS WITH CONE ANGLES
Authors: BANDYOPADHYAY P. , MASCHARAK P. K. , CHAKRAVORTY A.
Published: April 2016

Gleichgewichtskonstanten für die Reaktion der Pd‐Komplexe (I)/(II) werden in Benzol bei 298 Kmittels Elektronenspektroskopie bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: DI‐ AND TRI(TERTIARY PHOSPHINE) COMPLEXES OF PALLADIUM(I)
Authors: LINDSAY C. H. , BENNER L. S. , BALCH A. L.
Published: April 2016

Die Addition entsprechender Diphosphine an den dimeren Pd(I)‐Komplex (II) führt zu den Substitutions produkten (I), deren Struktur aufgrund NMR‐ und IR‐spektroskopischer Untersuchungen und Leitfähigkeitsmessungen angenommen wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CYANINE DYES WITH BENZOPYRAN RINGS IN THE POLYMETHINE CHAIN
Authors: TOLMACHEV A. I. , KARABAN E. F. , CHUDAKOV V. I.
Published: April 2016

Zur Synthese der in der Kette substituierten Tricarbocyanine (IX) geht man vom 4‐Methyl‐2‐thiocumarin (I) aus, behandelt mit dem Acetal (II) und quaterniert die dabei entstehende Verbindung (III) zur 2‐Methylmercaptoverbindung (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: C‐NUCLEOSIDE SYNTHESIS. PART VIII. SYNTHESIS OF HOMOSHOWDOMYCIN AND HOMOPYRAZOMYCIN
Authors: SATO T. , NOYORI R.
Published: April 2016

Der aus dem Lacton (I) in mehreren Stufen hergestellte Ketoester (II) wird mit dem Phosphoran (III) zu einem Gemisch der beiden Verbindungen (IV) und (V) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: PARTIAL PROTECTION OF CARBOHYDRATE DERIVATIVES. PART 5. REGIOSELECTIVE PHENYLCARBAMOYLATION OF THE HYDROXYL GROUPS OF PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE RIBONUCLEOSIDES WITH BIS(TRIBUTYLTIN) OXIDE‐PHENYL ISOCYANATE
Authors: ISHIDO Y. , HIRAO I. , SAKAIRI N. , ARAKI Y.
Published: April 2016

Das N‐Benzyladenosin (I) reagiert mit Phenylisocyanat nach vorherigem Erhitzen mit Tributylzinnoxid in siedendem Toluol zum 5‐O‐Carbamoylderivat (II), während bei der Umsetzung von (I) mit Tributylzinnoxid und Phenylisocyanat in Abhängigkeit vom Lösungsmittel verschiedene Gemische der entsprechenden 3′‐O‐ und 2′‐O‐Carbamate (III) und (I V) gebildet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: GRISORIXIN, A MONOCARBOXYLIC IONOPHORE: EFFECT OF MODIFICATIONS OF THE SKELETON LENGTH
Authors: GACHON P. , JEMINET G.
Published: April 2016

Die Kondensation des Antibioticums Grisorixin (I), eines für einwertige Kationen spezifischen Ionophors mit einer Carboxylgruppe, mit den L‐Aminosäureestern (II) in Gegenwart von Woodward‐Reagenz K (WRK) gibt die Amidoester (III), die zu den Amidosäuresalzen (IV) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE PROTONATION OF DIHYDROGEN SULFOXIDE AND INTRAMOLECULAR INTERCONVERSION OF THE PROTONATED SULFOXIDE AND HYDROGEN THIOPEROXIDE
Authors: AKAGI K. , KOBAYASHI K. , YAMABE T.
Published: April 2016

Ab initio‐Berechnungen mit STO‐3G‐ und 4‐3lG‐Basissätzen zeigen, daß HzSO nach Protonieren eine ausgeprägtere pyramidale Konformation mit trans‐ Staffelung einnimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: HEXAGONAL PEROVSKITES WITH CATIONIC VACANCIES. PART XXII. POLYMORPHISM OF THE E RHOMBOHEDRAL 12 L STACKING POLYTYPES IN THE SR4‐XBAXNIRE2□O12 SYSTEM
Authors: HERRMANN M. , KEMMLER‐SACK S.
Published: April 2016

Im Titelsystem, in dem die Verbindungen mit x=0, 2, 3, 3.5 und 4 durch Erhitzen entsprechender Gemenge von BaCO3, SrCO3, NiCO3 und Re an der Luft (l‐2 d, 800°C ; 2‐3 d, 900°C ; 3‐4 X2 d, 1000°C) dargestellt werden, können erstmals 2 Perowskitstapelvarianten mit Kationenfehlstellen nachgewiesen werden, die über die gleiche Stapelfolge der AO3‐Schichten verfügen (rhomboedrischer 12L‐Typ: (3)(l) 2 (hhcc)3; RG Räm), sich jedoch in der Besetzungsart der vom Sauerstoff gebildeten Oktaederlücken unterscheiden: Sr4NiRe,zE 0" und Ba4NiRe2ÜO12.
ChemInform Abstract: REFINEMENT OF THE 12L STRUCTURE OF THE HEXAGONAL‐RHOMBOHEDRAL ELPASOLITE RB2LIFEF6
Authors: MASSA W. , BABEL D.
Published: April 2016

Das aus den wasserfreien binären Fluoriden durch Tempern in elektrisch verschweiß‐ ten Pt‐Ampullen (3 d, 700°C) einkristallin dargestellte RbzLiFeFö ist mit Cs2NaCrF6 isotyp (Räm, Z=3).
ChemInform Abstract: DEUTERIUM ISOTOPE EFFECTS IN THE THERMAL DEHYDRATION OF BORIC ACID
Authors: TANAKA H. , OHSHIMA S. , ICHIBA S. , NEGITA H.
Published: April 2016

Die Enthalpiewerte für die Reaktionen A und Bsind für die deuterierte Borsäure beträchtlich größer, während die thermische Stabilität durch die Deuterierung wenig beeinflußt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ELECTRODISSOLUTION OF MAGNETITE. PART III. IRON NUCLEATION PROCESSES ON MAGNETITE ELECTRODES
Authors: ALLEN P. D. , BIGNOLD G. J. , HAMPSON N. A.
Published: April 2016

Das elektrochemische Verhalten von polykristallinem Fe2O3 in wäßriger Perchlorsäure wird durch einen Festkörper‐Diffusionsprozeß maßgeblich beeinflußt wobei die Stöchiometrie der Kristalle durch das Potential zwischen Festkörper und Lösung bestimmt wird und die Diffusion von Wasserstoff in den Kristall Veränderungen der Stöchiometrie innerhalb des Kristalls verursacht.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROOXIDATION OF HYDROGEN ON MOLYBDENUM‐TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ALLOY CATALYSTS IN ACID ELECTROLYTE
Authors: MCALISTER A. J. , COHEN M. I.
Published: April 2016

Ein Vergleich der anodischen Oxidation von H, in einem sauren Elektrolyten an WC und an einer Mo‐reichen Legierung der Zusammensetzung M0, ‐xWxC zeigt, daß die Aktivität und die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Legierung gegenüber CO der von WC gleichkommt und daß die Katalyse der Hg‐Oxidation in beiden Fällen nach dem gleichen Mechanismus erfolgt.
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE OXIDE GROWTH AT A RHODIUM‐PLATINUM ALLOY UNDER POTENTIAL CYCLING CONDITIONS IN BASE
Authors: BURKE L. D. , O'SULLIVAN E. J. M.
Published: April 2016

Beim Anlegen einer periodisch veränderlichen Spannung (0‐1 .5 V; 2 Hz) an eine Pt‐Rh‐Legierung wird Rh unter Bildung einer Oxidhydrat‐ Oberflächenschicht schneller korrodiert, als Pt, dessen Korrosion überwiegend auf einem Lösungsvorgang beruht.
ChemInform Abstract: RECYCLING VON SCHWEFELSAEURE, EINE LOESUNG FUER DAS SCHWIERIGE PROBLEM DER ABFALLBESEITIGUNG
Authors: CONNOR J. M.
Published: April 2016

Saubere verdünnte Schwefelsäurelösungen werden durch Erhitzen oder im Vakuum konzentriert und können dann wiederverwendet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: 2N FRAMEWORK ELECTRON CLUSTERS: PREPARATION AND RELATIVE THERMAL STABILITIES OF THE POLYHEDRAL BORON SUBBROMIDES
Authors: KUTZ N. A. , MORRISON J. A.
Published: April 2016

Heywang 2n Framework Electron Clusters: Preparation and Relative Thermal Stabilities of the ‐Polyhedral Boron Subbromides.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIS(TETRAFLUORONITROGEN) HEXAFLUOROMANGANATE
Authors: CHRISTE K. O. , WILSON W. W. , WILSON R. D.
Published: April 2016

Unter Erwärmen der Lösung der Reaktanten in flüssigem HF von ‐78°C auf +25°C wird entsprechend Gleichung A die Titelverbindung (I) dargestellt, deren Stabilität, ebenso wie die der entsprechend erhältlichen Salze (NF4)2TiF6 und (NF4)2NiF6, durch das Vorliegen von d°‐, d3‐ (hoher Spin) und d6‐Elektronenkonfigurationen (niedriger Spin) erklärt werden kann.