bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert System in Accuracy to Identify Gingivitis in Humans Using the Certainty Factor Method
Authors: Andesti Cyntia Lasmi , Sumijan Sumijan , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi
Published: September 2020

Gingivitis is a common inflammatory disease of the gums, which is a condition where bacteria develop in the mouth that causes damage to the connective tissue cells that are attached to the teeth. Lack of awareness in caring for teeth will have a negative impact not only on dental health but also on the health of the body. At present many people do not know how to accurately identify gingivitis in humans so that the condition is worsened and can even cause the paralysis of the existing connective tissue. This study aims to determine the level of accuracy in identifying gingivitis by using the Certainty Factor method precisely and accurately. The data processed in this study are fifty data sourced from expert interviews at Rahmatan Lil Alamin Clinic, Padang Indonesia. There are several types Symptoms refer to gingivitis in humans. The data is obtained from the results of medical records of patients who carry out examinations in the clinic. The data will be processed to identify the type of gingivitis based on the direction of the expert. The processing steps are solving rules, determining the weight value of each symptom and calculating the Certainty Factor value. The results of the processing were continued by calculating the level of accuracy. The results of the testing of this method were that 96% of them had gingivitis, the type most often suffered by marginal gingivitis patients. Based on the signs entered by the user. The results of this test have been able to specifically identify gingivitis, using the Certainty Factor method, the results of the accuracy level obtained are quite accurate and can be recommended to help dentists improve their accuracy in identifying gingivitis in humans.
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS FOUND ON KOPI KAPAL API SPECIAL MIX RAMADHAN EDITION ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Fasikh Mukhlasul , Murtadho Abdul Muhid
Published: September 2020

In this study, the writer did a semiotic analysis towards the advertisement in television. The qualitative research method with content analysis approach is used because this study needs deeper analysis of the content where in this study was semiotic signs. It is found that the man in the picture is very special. He delivers happiness and togetherness condition. The happiness and togetherness are most displayed in this advertisement. Happiness is shown when People are able to start to chat without any gap easily and happily. Togetherness is displayed when people gather together in the café. The other sign is the strong aroma of the coffee that reminds the man about his past
Misi Rekonsiliasi dalam Konteks Kemajemukan Agama di Indonesia: Analisis Naratif Yohanes 20:19-23 dan Implikasi Misiologisnya
Authors: Sopacuaperu Eklepinus Jefry
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini merupakan upaya untuk menelusuri kembali jejak-jejak awal pengutusan gereja yang terepresentasi melalui pengutusan para murid pada saat Yesus menampakkan diri kepada para murid dalam kisah Yohanes 20:19-23. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan gambaran orientasi pengutusan Gereja dan relevansinya dalam konteks kemajemukan di Indonesia. Kajian terhadap cerita penampakan diri Yesus kepada murid-murid dilakukan melalui pendekatan naratif dan berfokus pada unsur-unsur narasi seperti latar, tokoh dan penokohan, alur maupun aspek kontras yang muncul di dalam cerita. Selain itu, teks Yoh. 20:19-23 dianalisis menggunakan perspektif tahapan rekonsiliasi yang dikembangkan oleh Robert J. Schreiter. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kisah Yoh. 20:19-20 misi pengutusan gereja dapat dikembangkan dari misi tradisional ke misi rekonsiliasi. Pengutusan gereja bukan hanya dengan misi tradisional, seperti kristenisasi, melainkan pengutusan untuk misi rekonsiliasi dan perdamaian di dunia. Pengutusan gereja dengan misi rekonsiliasi dan perdamaian inilah yang penting dan harus dijalankan dalam konteks kemajemukan agama di Indonesia.
Tanggapan Alkitab Terhadap Wacana Hukuman Mati bagi Pelaku Korupsi
Authors: Simon Simon
Published: September 2020

Korupsi merupakan permasalahan di Indonesia yang sudah mengakar sejak dulu hingga kini, dan telah menyebabkan negara dan masyarakat menderita. Buruknya dampak akibat korupsi akhirnya memunculkan wacana pidana mati bagi pelaku korupsi. Wacana hukuman mati bagi koruptor menimbulkan pro dan kontra di tengah masyarakat, dan kelompok yang mendukung wacana tersebut lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pihak yang kontra terhadap hukuman mati. Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana tanggapan Alkitab terhadap hukuman mati bagi pelaku korupsi. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur dan eksposisi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beragam penafsiran Alkitab tentang hukuman mati terhadap kejahatan jenis apapun, termasuk korupsi. Perbuatan korupsi adalah kejahatan, karena korupsi melanggar hukum negara dan firman Tuhan.  Oleh karena  korupsi bagian dari kejahatan maka pelakunya pantas diganjar dengan hukuman yang berat. Pemerintah mempunyai otoritas untuk mempertimbangkan dan memutuskan hukuman yang setimpal, sebab pemerintahan adalah hamba Allah.
Athari za Usasa kwenye Usimulizi wa Hadithi katika Jamii ya Wamasaaba Nchini Uganda
Authors: Wanyenya Willy , Chimerah Rocha , Ngowa Nancy Jumwa
Published: September 2020

Katika makala haya, watafiti anaeleza jinsi usimulizi wa hadithi umeathiriwa na usasa katika jamii ya Wamasaaba nchini Uganda. Anafanya hivyo kwa kulinganisha hali ilivyo sasa na jinsi ilivyokuwa kabla Wazungu hawajazuru barani Afrika. Mtafiti analinganisha miktadha ya utendaji wa hadithi na anatoa maelezo kuhusu mitindo mbalimbali ya utendaji. Anaeleza jinsi Waafrika walivyosimulia watoto wao hadithi kabla ya Wazungu kuja barani humu. Kwenye kazi hii, madhumuni ya utafiti ni: kudhihirisha athari za usasa kwenye masimulizi ya kinathari. Pili, kueleza stadi zilizokuwa zikitumiwa na Waafrika katika usimulizi wa hadithi. Mkabala wa utafiti ulikuwa wa nyanjani. Kwa kutumia mkabala huu, mtafiti alizuru nyanjani halafu akaanza kuendeleza mahojiano na wahojiwa wake. Kabla hajafanya hivyo, mtafiti alijitambulisha kwa wahojiwa wake na kuwaambia sababu za utafiti wake. Alifanya hivyo ili kuwaondolea wasiwasi. Majibu ya wahojiwa yalijumlisha data ambazo zilihitajika na mtafiti. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonyesha kuwa usimulizi wa hadithi umefifia sana katika jamii ya Wamasaaba kutokana na usasa. Sababu ambazo zimepelekea usimulizi wa hadithi kufifia jamii hii pia zimeelezwa. Miongoni mwa sababu hizo ni: ulevi ambao hufanya watu kurejea nyumbani wakiwa wamelewa na kushindwa kusimulia watoto wao hadithi. Sababu nyingine ni wazazi kuthamini elimu ya kisasa na kuacha utamaduni wao wa kulea watoto ili baadaye wawe wake na waume wazuri. Wazazi kuhamasisha watoto wao wasome vitabu badala ya kuwasimulia hadithi. Nne, wazazi kuwa na lengo la kuelimisha watoto wao ili baadaye wapate kazi za afisi. Tano, jambo la kuwepo na utandawazi ambalo limepelekea watu kujumuika na kuiga tamaduni za kigeni. Upeo wa utafiti huu ulihusika na mabadiliko kwenye usimulizi wa hadithi na sababu ambazo zimepelekea utamaduni wa kusimulia hadithi kufifia katika jamii ya Wamasaaba nchini Uganda. Mtafiti alitumia mbinu ya bahati nasibu kuteua sampuli za wahojiwa.
Robust ANFIS Vector Control of Induction Motor Drive for High-Performance Speed Control Supplied by a Photovoltaic Generator
Authors: Ben Regaya Chiheb , Farhani Fethi , Hamdi Hichem , Zaafouri Abderrahmen , Chaari Abdelkader
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the vector control of Induction Motor (IM) supplied by a photovoltaic generatorwhich is controlled by an adaptive Proportional-Integral (PI) speed controller. The proposed solution is used toovercome the induction motor rotor resistance variation problem, which can affect negatively the performanceof the speed control. To overcome the rotor resistance variation, an adaptive Proportional-Integral controller isdeveloped with gains adaptation based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in order to guaranteea high performances of electric drive systems against the parametric variations. The proposed control algorithmis tested by Matlab-Simulink. Analysis of the obtained results shows the characteristic robustness to disturbancesof the load torque and to rotor resistance variation compared to the classical PI control and Model ReferenceAdaptive System (MRAS) rotor resistance observers.
FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES OF POSTPOSITIONS IN MODERN GERMAN
Authors: Фролова Вера Александровна
Published: September 2020

В данной статье рассматриваются лексико-семантические особенности послелогов современного немецкого языка и проблема их функционирования в языке. Исходя из того, что послелоги представляют особую группу служебных слов, необходимых для создания и выражения синтаксической связи в словосочетании или предложении, в статье дается детальная характеристика позиционных особенностей немецких послелогов, изучаются их сочетаемость и функциональная нагруженность, анализируются конкретные значения в тексте. В современном чувашском языке (для многих обучающихся в условиях билингвизма национальной республики он является родным), где удельный вес послелогов значительно больше, чем в немецком (иностранном) языке, послелоги играют важнейшую роль: в отсутствии согласования между определяемыми и зависимыми словами послелоги в чувашском языке являются основными элементами создания синтаксической связи в словосочетаниях. Особое место в статье занимает вопрос позиционного сходства послелогов в таких разноструктурных языках, как немецкий и чувашский, так как преподавание этого иностранного языка в Чувашской Республике часто происходит в условиях билингвизма учащихся. Лингвистическая интерференция, которая чаще всего оказывает негативное влияние на овладение новым материалом, в условиях чувашского и русского билингвизма при правильной формулировке задач может вызвать положительный эффект в обучении.

This article discusses the lexical and semantic features of postpositions in modern German and the problem of their functioning in the language. Since postpositions represent a special group of function words which are necessary for creating and expressing a syntactic connection between words in a phrase or sentence, the article gives a detailed description of the positional features of German postpositions, considers their combinability and functional capabilities, analyzes specific meanings in the text. In modern Chuvash (for many students studying under the condition of the bilingualism of the national republic, it is their mother tongue), in which the importance of postpositions is higher than in German (foreign) language, postpositions play a significant role, since there is no agreement between defined and dependent words, postpositions in the Chuvash language are the essential elements for creating a syntactic connection between words in phrases. The article pays special attention to the positional similarity of postpositions in such diverse languages as German and Chuvash, since in the Chuvash Republic this foreign language is often taught under the condition of students’ bilingualism. Linguistic interference, which in most of the cases has a negative impact on learning of new material, can cause a positive effect under the condition of Chuvash-Russian bilingualism and correctly formulated aims.
METHODICAL POTENTIAL OF THE MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM IN THE FORMATION OF RESEARCH COMPETENCE AT STUDENTS
Authors: Горлова Светлана Николаевна
Published: September 2020

В работе обоснована возможность формирования исследовательской компетенции в процессе обучения математике; выявлена взаимосвязь составляющих исследовательской компетенции и результатов освоения предметной области «Математика» основной образовательной программы; обозначен методический потенциал предметного математического содержания в формировании исследовательской компетенции. Определяющим фактором в вопросе выбора средств формирования исследовательской компетенции является деятельностный подход к пониманию ее сущности, согласно которому исследовательская компетенция - результат деятельности в рамках специально сконструированных ситуаций. Ведущие характеристики исследовательской компетенции - способность создать продукт, обоснованность выводов, возможность выбора траектории исследования - позволили сделать выбор в пользу математической задачи как предметной основы для формирования исследовательской компетенции. В качестве средства ее формирования рассматривается конструирование обучающимися задач на основе решенной математической задачи. В работе обозначены реализованные на практике варианты конструирования на основе варьирования данных исходной задачи: замена данных объектов (или их частей) на искомые и наоборот; замена одних данных объектов другими; введение в условие задачи новых данных или искомых объектов; наложение специфических условий на данные (или их часть); обращение задачи.

The paper substantiates the formation of research competence in the process of teaching mathematics; reveals the relationship between the components of research competence and the results of mastering the main educational program; indicates the methodological potential of the subject mathematical content in the formation of research competence. The determining factor in the choice of means of formation of research competence is an activityoriented approach to understanding its essence, according to which, research competence is the result of activities in the framework of specially designed situations. The main characteristics of research competence - the ability to create a product, the validity of conclusions and the ability to choose a research trajectory - made it possible to make a choice in favor of a mathematical problem as an objective basis for the formation of research competence. The author considers students’ designing new problems on the basis of a solved mathematical problem as the means of formation of research competence. The paper presents the design options implemented in practice based on varying the data of the original problem by replacing the data of objects (or their parts) with the desired ones and vice versa, by replacing some data objects with others, by introducing new data or desired objects into the problem statement, by imposing specific conditions on the data (or a part), and by transforming the problem.
FORMATION OF COGNITIVE TOOLS AT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE COURSE OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY IN TECHNOLOGICAL TRAINING
Authors: Камалеева Алсу Рауфовна
Published: September 2020

Статья посвящена проблеме формирования когнитивного инструментария студентов вуза в процессе познавательной деятельности в условиях технологического обучения. Когнитивная дидактика исходит из того, что каждый человек обладает индивидуальным набором инструментов (внешних и внутренних). Актуальность исследуемой проблемы связана с необходимостью решить вопрос об оптимальной переработке информации, получаемой обучающимися. Автором предлагается идея реализации и исследования мыслительных операций обучающихся в определенной последовательности: представление знаний → структурирование знаний → преобразование знаний во взаимосвязи с основными инструментами мышления как высшей ступени человеческого познания: понятием, суждением и умозаключением. Главным отличием когнитивной дидактики является то, что в ней особое внимание уделяется изучению и развитию познавательных структур и инструментария познания. В качестве методики проведения исследования предлагается использовать диагностику по Дж. Брунеру для определения типов мышления и уровня креативности. Установлено, что реализация использованной методики способствует исследованию базовых типов мышления обучаемых: предметного, образного, знакового и символического. Полученные сведения позволят каждому преподавателю перестроить методику обучения своей дисциплине с ориентацией на личностные особенности когнитивного инструментария каждого обучающегося в отдельности и всей группы в целом.

The article is devoted to the formation of cognitive tools at university students in the process of cognitive activity in technological training. Cognitive didactics comes from the fact that each person has an individual set of tools (external and internal). The relevance of the problem under consideration is conditioned by the necessity to solve the problem of effective processing of information by students. The author proposes the idea of implementation and research of students’ mental operations in a specific sequence: representation of knowledge → structuring of the knowledge → transformation of the knowledge in connection with the main tools of thinking as the highest level of human cognition (concept, judgment and conclusion). The main distinction of cognitive didactics is the fact that it focuses on the study and development of cognitive structures and tools. The method employed in the study the diagnostics according to Jerome Bruner’s method to determine the types of thinking and levels of creativity. The author established that the implementation of the employed method contributes to the study of basic types of thinking of students: objective, figurative, sign-oriented and symbolic. The data obtained can help teachers to restructure the teaching methods of a specific discipline, taking into consideration some personal characteristics of cognitive tools of each student individually and throughout the group.
University-of-the-Future’s Role in Gender Fairness: Providing Fair Access to Balanced Education and Decent Work in Afghanistan
Authors: Hussaini Latifa
Published: September 2020

- Traditionally, Afghanistan has remained a hotbed of gender inequality in various aspects. Women and girls encounter numerous hindrances in the education sector. Despite concerted efforts to enhance the educational system in the past several years, the situation of Afghan girls and women education continues deplorable. There is still much work to be done in enhancing education, in particular female literacy. This paper aims to explain the main barriers that hinder girls and women of access to education. It utilizes the design and system thinking methodology to describe the main obstacles and suggest a business model of the University of the Future (UotF) for a Malaysian university in providing fair access to a balanced education and decent work for girls and women in Afghanistan. The augmentation of this paper is a conceptual and validated business model in the BMC and VPC format. The proposed UotF business model for the Malaysian university will help Afghan females to obtain entrepreneurship education, experiences, and human values in contributing to the wellbeing and improvement of the Afghan nation.
Antibacterial Activity of Marula [Sclerocarya Birrea] and Brominated Marula Seed Oil
Authors: Ibrahim J. S , Adamu H.M , Shakede O.I
Published: September 2020

Over the last decade, the use of hand sanitizers has increased substantially. Recently, with this outbreak of COVID 19 virus, all natural hand sanitizers have taken the spotlight for their simplicity, powerful cleaning abilities, natural moisturizing formulas and the ability to never leave the skin feeling dry. Marula [Sclerocarya birrea] seed oil was soxhlet extracted with n-hexane and then brominated. The oil quality parameters of marula oil (MO) and brominated Marula oil (BMO) were found to be; for MO: oil content (58.5 ± 0.435 %), moisture content (4.3 ± 0.158 %), saponification value (180 ± 0.7150 mgKOH/g ), peroxide value (10.52 ± 0.006 meq/kg), acid value (3.48 ±0.002) meq/kg ), FFA (1.73 ± 0.000 % as oleic),iodine value (61.02 ± 0.477 gI2/100g ). For brominated marula oil (BMO) ; saponification value ( 168.7 ± 0.930 mgKOH/g ), iodine value ( 8.6 ± 0.490 gI2/100g ), peroxide value (10.63 ± 0.505 meq/kg ), acid value ( 3.42 ± 0.000 meq/kg ), FFA (1.61 ± 0.000 % as oleic). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to confirm the bromination process. The following peaks of absorptions were observed for BMO: C–Br at 600 cm-1 , C–H stretch, (2950 to 2850 cm-1 for alkane), 1750cm-1 for carbonyl stretch, 1450 cm-1 for ester, 1680 cm-1 for alkene. The BMO showed a broad spectrum activity against E. coli, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus epidermidis microorganism which gave the inhibitions zones of 19.50 mm, 20.50 mm, 19.00 mm, 18.60 mm respectively. DMSO was used as the negative control while streptomycin as the positive control at 400 mg/ml concentration. Based on these findings, BMO may be use as disinfecting oils or hand sanitizers and will discourage its use as food additive.
A Cross Over Trial Evaluating Combined Effect of Ruksha Virechana,Lashuna Erandadi Kashaya and Patolamooladi Kashaya in Diagnosed Patients of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: M Shirvadkar Divyashree , A S Dr. Prashanth
Published: September 2020

The change in living habits due to increasing popularity of fast foods, sedentary lifestyle have given rise to lifestyle disorders and Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis is one among them. Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is a spectrum of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) characterized by the presence of hepatic steatosis and inflammation with hepatocyte injury (ballooning) with or without fibrosis.There is no direct reference to NASH in Ayurvedic literature but based on the etiopathogenesis, signs and symptoms it can be correlated to Yakritodara.NASH has no FDA approved therapeutics, so, it is need of the hour to search an effective hepatoprotective remedy from Ayurvedic treasure of therapeutics. Hence, the present study was designed as cross over single blind clinical study with the objectives of evaluating the combined efficacy of Amapachana,Ruksha virechana and Shamanoushadhi with Lashuna Erandadi Kashaya and Patolamooladi Kashaya in the management of NASH. Overall study showed marked improvement in 60% of cases and Moderate improvement in 26.66%. Hence,it can be concluded that the combined effect of therapy with Amapachana,Ruksha virechana and Shamanoushadhis (Lashuna Erandadi Kashaya and Patolamooladi Kashaya) has shown a significant role in relieving the signs and symptoms of subjects diagnosed with Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
In Vitro Assessment of Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Klebsiella pneumoniae., Isolated from Milk Sample
Authors: B Krishnakumar , S Kavinkumar
Published: September 2020

Mastitis is the most common and costly production disorder of dairy cattle. In the United States, approximately 40% of clinical mastitis cases from which a pathogen is isolated are attributed to gram -negative organisms (Erskine et al., 1991). The most common Received February 28, 2006. Accepted March 31, 2006. 1 Corresponding author: rz26@cornell.edu 3425 gramnegative causes of clinical mastitis are coliform bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (Smith et al., 1985; Erskine et al., 1991; Todhunter et al., 1991). Considering the damage caused by infections, and the poor response of Klebsiella mastitis to treatment, prevention is of paramount importance in control of Klebsiella mastitis. The primary source of Klebsiella spp. in the cows’ environment is organic bedding. Outbreaks of Klebsiella are commonly associated with sawdust bedding (National Mastitis Council, 1999). The antimicrobial effect of lactobacilli is primarily linked to the production of organic acids, such as lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and sometimes hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with a variable range of action (CortesZavaleta et al. 2014; Gemechu 2015). A combination therapy, including probiotic and antibiotic may offer better antimicrobial activity and lessen the dose of antibiotic required. As LAB enjoy the ‘generally recognized as safe’ (GRAS) status, their metabolites have captivated substantial interest as natural drugs in recent years (Reis et al., 2012). In this study based on the information provided by the researchers the supernatant of the lactic acid bacterial strains were used in different concentrations to assessing the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae., causing cow mastitis which has been isolated from the cow farm house. The supernatant of lactic acid bacteria which consist of several organic acids and some metabolites in it. That was treated with one of the important human and cattle pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae., with the three different concentrations. And this current study was successfully comes with the expected inhibitory effect to the K. pneumoniae.,
Discovery of a Radio Relic in the Massive Merging Cluster SPT-CL J2023-5535 from the ASKAP-EMU Pilot Survey
Authors: HyeongHan Kim , Jee M. James , Rudnick Lawrence , Parkinson David , Finner Kyle , Yoon Mijin , Lee Wonki , Brunetti Gianfranco , Brüggen Marcus , Collier Jordan D. , Hopkins Andrew M. , Michałowski Michał J. , Norris Ray P. , Riseley Chris
Published: September 2020

The ASKAP-EMU survey is a deep wide-field radio continuum survey designed to cover the entire southern sky and a significant fraction of the northern sky up to +30°. Here, we report a discovery of a radio relic in the merging cluster SPT-CL J2023-5535 at z = 0.23 from the ASKAP-EMU pilot 300 square degree survey (800–1088 MHz). The deep high-resolution data reveal a ∼2 Mpc scale radio halo elongated in the east–west direction, coincident with the intracluster gas. The radio relic is located at the western edge of this radio halo stretched ∼0.5 Mpc in the north–south orientation. The integrated spectral index of the radio relic within the narrow bandwidth is

. Our weak-lensing analysis shows that the system is massive (

) and composed of at least three subclusters. We suggest a scenario, wherein the radio features arise from the collision between the eastern and middle subclusters. Our discovery illustrates the effectiveness of the ASKAP-EMU survey in detecting diffuse emissions in galaxy clusters and when completed, the survey will greatly increase the number of merging cluster detections with diffuse radio emissions.
Investigation of antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity profiling of a Bangladeshi plant Syzygium cymosum
Authors: Hossainey Muhammad Riadul Haque , Sazed Saiful Arefeen , Nima Maisha Khair , Rahman Mohammad Saydur , Ashraf Tanvir , Chowdhury Abu Asad , Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Haque Rashidul , Alam Mohammad Shafiul
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The persistent increase of resistance to existing antimalarials underscores the needs for new drugs. Historically, most of the successful antimalarial are derived from plants. The leaves of the S. cymosum is one of the plant materials used by traditional healers in malaria-endemic areas in Bangladesh for treatment of malaria. Here, we investigated the crude extract and its fractions against chloroquine (CQ)-sensitive 3D7, CQ-resistant Dd2, and artemisinin (ART)-resistant IPC 4912 Mondulkiri strains of Plasmodium falciparum.

Methodology: The antimalarial activities were tested using HRP II based in-vitro antimalarial drug sensitivity ELISA described by WWARN and half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated by non-linear regression analysis using GraphaPad Prism. The cytotoxicity of the crude methanolic extract was assessed using the MTT assay on Vero cell line.

Results: The methanolic crude extract revealed promising activity against 3D7 (IC50 6.28 µg/mL), Dd2 (IC50 13.42 µg/mL), and moderate activity against IPC 4912 Mondulkiri (IC50 17.47 µg/mL). Among the fractionated portions, the chloroform fraction revealed highest activity against IPC 4912 Mondulkiri (IC50 1.65 µg/mL) followed by Dd2 (1.73 µg/mL) and 3D7 (2.39 µg/mL). The crude methanolic extract also demonstrated good selectivity with the selectivity indices of > 15.92, > 7.45, and > 6.91 against 3D7, Dd2, and IPC 4912, respectively when tested against Vero cell line.

Conclusions: This is the first report on S. cymosum for its putative antimalarial activity, and is imperative to go for further phytochemical analyses in order to investigate possible novel antimalarial drug compound(s).
A new record of critically endangered Saussurea bogedaensis (Asteraceae) from Dzungarian Gobi, Mongolia
Authors: Baasanmunkh Shukherdorj , Nyamgerel Nudkhuu , Bayarmaa Gun-Aajav , Oyuntsetseg Batlai , Oyundelger Khurelpurev , Choi Hyeok Jae
Published: September 2020

A species in the family Asteraceae, Saussurea bogedaensis, was newly described from Bogeda Mountain in Xinjiang, China and is a critically endangered species in China. Morphological and genetic characteristics confirm the presence of this species in Mongolia, as it was found in Baitag Bogd Mountain (in the Dzungarian Gobi). In addition, the distribution and conservation status of S. bogedaensis are provided.
L’Europe, par-delà le COVID-19
Authors: Beaune Clément
Published: September 2020

L’accord budgétaire européen de juillet 2020 est inédit : il crée pour la première fois un endettement commun qui permettra de relancer les économies touchées par la crise du COVID-19. Il est le fruit du dynamisme franco-allemand et d’ambitions renouvelées de la Commission européenne. Dans un monde où les tensions s’aiguisent, la France a besoin de l’Europe pour maintenir sa souveraineté. L’Union européenne doit continuer à évoluer pour s’affirmer comme puissance et répondre aux attentes des citoyens.
La souveraineté industrielle au révélateur du COVID-19
Authors: Cohen Élie
Published: September 2020

Au cours des vingt dernières années, la France s’est désindustrialisée, a délocalisé et étendu ses chaînes de valeur. Cette tendance s’est traduite, pendant la crise du COVID-19, par des pénuries de produits sanitaires et une dépendance à l’égard de la Chine. Pour éviter qu’une telle situation ne se reproduise, plusieurs stratégies peuvent être envisagées. L’Union européenne sera amenée à jouer un rôle important dans le renforcement de la résilience économique de ses États membres.
Les smart cities : ambitions chinoises à l’heure du COVID-19
Authors: Ekman Alice
Published: September 2020

La Chine développe et exporte des technologies présentées comme indispensables à la sécurité et au bon fonctionnement des villes modernes. Vidéosurveillance, reconnaissance faciale, drones et robots font partie de l’arsenal de ces agglomérations hyperconnectées. Le COVID-19 a été l’occasion pour Pékin de promouvoir les technologies chinoises et renforcer leur utilisation en milieu urbain. Plus que jamais, la Chine ambitionne de devenir le leader mondial des smart cities .
The Direct Evaluation Method of Dead Ship Stability for Intact Ship
Authors: Hu LF , Zhang QZ , Zhang WY , Qi HB
Published: September 2020

The International Maritime Organization is currently establishing second generation intact stability criteria, the dead ship stability is considered one important criterion, so the development of its direct stability assessment regulation has become a topic undergoing close review. In this paper a peak-over-threshold (POT) method is proposed to evaluate the dead ship stability, which focuses on the statistical extrapolation that exceed the threshold, also the traditional Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to approve the method. On the basis of verification calculation of the sample ship CEHIPAR2792, the capsizing probability of a certain warship is also conducted. Moreover, the influence of initial stability height GM and effective wave slope coefficient on the capsizing probability is analysed. The results and the possible reason for the difference are examined. This study is expected to provide technical support for the second-generation stability criteria and establish the capsizing probability of damaged dead ship stability.
Acciones y reacciones: testimonios de los conflictos civiles romanos en Extremadura. El caso de Cáceres Viejo (Casas de Millán, Cáceres, España)
Authors: Pereira Carlos , Dias Íris
Published: September 2020

Tras la finalización de los trabajos arqueológicos en Cáceres Viejo (Casas de Millán, Cáceres), se presentan los últimos resultados y lecturas de una ocupación fechable en la primera mitad del siglo I a. C. Aunque el conocimiento sobre este yacimiento aún es exiguo, los testimonios de ocupación, la edilicia y la cultura material apuntan a que podría haber tenido un papel destacado en las interacciones entre las dos facciones políticas romanas, por un lado, y entre romanos y aliados, por otro. Otrora clasificado como un castro de la Edad del Hierro, por el momento solamente está atestiguada una ocupación romana tardo-republicana claramente datada por la presencia de artefactos típicos de ese periodo. Prevalecen cerámicas comunes que delatan inf luencias y contactos con las comunidades de la Meseta. Otros artefactos permiten considerar una posible presencia militar en ese cerro que, ubicado no muy lejos de Cáceres el Viejo atestiguan una posible relación con este campamento militar.
Analyzing interspeaker variation in Maay
Authors: Paster Mary
Published: September 2020

This paper advocates an approach to interspeaker linguistic variation that aligns with the ‘I-language’ view (Chomsky, 1986). On this view, the object of study in linguistics is mental grammar; language is understood as being internal to the individual, in contrast to the ‘E-language’ approach, where language is external to
individual speakers. This paper considers a case study from Maay (a Cushitic language spoken in southern Somalia) in which interspeaker variation in a refugee community defies analysis in E-language terms. An I-language approach allows for a straightforward analysis of the observed variation, specifically in the domains of plural noun formation and vowel length alternations.
From “Discourses of Sobriety” to Deadpan Comedy: Christopher Guest’s Musical Trilogy
Authors: Holdefer Charles
Published: September 2020

Christopher Guest’s fake documentaries about music are marketed as entertainment but they also raise serious questions about music history and the problem of authenticity. Working as a collaborative writer, director and actor in This is Spinal Tap (1984), Waiting for Guffman (1996) and A Mighty Wind (2003), Guest has recast the “discourses of sobriety” as deadpan comedy. In the process, he challenges the traditional fact/fiction dichotomy and claims to authenticity. With attention to folk, rock and community theater genres, this article focuses on Guest’s treatment of received narratives about music-making that are preoccupied by a quest for origins and a sense of home. The reality of such narratives is depicted as compromised, while performance, sometimes animated by a camp sensibility, offers a way forward.
Babylon Berlin. L’histoire complexe de la République Weimar au-delà de son Komplex
Authors: Hubé Nicolas
Published: September 2020

Le 13 octobre 2017 était diffusée sur Sky 1, une chaîne privée du bouquet de télévision à péage Sky Deutschland, la série Babylon Berlin, en deux saisons de huit épisodes chacune. Un an plus tard, la série est accessible en clair sur la première chaîne publique allemande, l’ARD ; et en France, sur Canal+. Outre la débauche de moyens, cetate série s’inscrit dans un moment télévisuel intéressant, renouvelant complètement le rapport à l’histoire nationale allemande. La série n’a pas principalement pour objet ou pour trame narrative le nazisme. Elle raconte, avec d’autres (Deutschland 83 et 86 ou Ku’Damm 56 et 59) une période, un moment de l’histoire allemande, dans sa complexité sociale et sa temporalité du moment en inversant le récit national sur la période. Babylon Berlin se joue des mémoires collectives de la République de Weimar et de la Première Guerre mondiale, et se débarrasse du Komplex de Weimar qui a marqué l’historiographie d’après 1945. Le récit d’une action policière à Berlin en 1929 n’est pas l’annonce de l’arrivée des nationaux-socialistes au pouvoir, mais aborde la complexité des luttes politiques, les effets de la Première Guerre sur les socialisations et les mémoires politiques tout comme les transformations sociales de la modernité urbaine à Berlin. Le script fait le choix d’une historiographie renouvelée. La République de Weimar est réarticulée à sa temporalité propre et non orientée vers sa fin. La mémoire de la Grande Guerre est omniprésente et abordée sans méfiance par rapport à une lecture « nationaliste ». Elle structure les oppositions autant qu’elle façonne les protagonistes de la série. Par ailleurs, la série ne reste pas cantonnée au politique pour aborder l’histoire sociale de la métropole berlinoise à travers un imaginaire cinématographie et culturel, lui donnant un effet de réel.
Le chaos des subjectivités : Fauda
Authors: Férey Amélie
Published: September 2020

La série israélienne Fauda narre le quotidien de forces spéciales de l’armée israélienne, les mista’aravim (littéralement les « arabisés »), dont la mission est d’opérer incognito derrière les lignes ennemies en se déguisant en civils palestiniens. Produite en 2015 par deux vétérans de cette unité, Avi Issacharoff et Lior Raz, elle rencontre un succès planétaire. Elle a suscité des éloges appuyés aussi bien que de virulentes critiques, au point qu'en mars 2018, le mouvement « Boycott, Désinvestissement, Sanction », qui vise à faire pression sur Israël pour stopper sa politique de colonisation de la Cisjordanie, demande à Netflix de ne plus la diffuser car elle légitimerait les « crimes de guerre ». Les séries TV doivent-elles rendre fidèlement compte des réalités politiques qu’elles traitent ? En m’appuyant sur les concepts de dispositif de problématisation et d’effet de fiction, j’étudie dans un premier temps la manière dont la série s’inscrit dans l’histoire des représentations audiovisuelles israéliennes de Tsahal. Elle indique une « américanisation » des codes de représentation de l’institution militaire, en empruntant notamment à l’esthétique du western. Dans un deuxième temps, j’interroge les accusations partisanes dont a fait l'objet Fauda. Pour ses détracteurs, elle propose une vision « orientée » du conflit israélo-palestinien. Ses créateurs revendiquent au contraire la mise en récit « authentique » du travail de l’unité à partir de leur expérience de vétéran. Cependant, aux critiques pointant la disparité avec la situation quotidienne des Palestiniens, ceux-ci répondent en se retranchant derrière leur licence fictionnelle. Dans un troisième temps, je propose deux pistes pour prévenir les dilemmes éthiques posés par la représentation à l’écran d’une réalité politique sensible : la mise à contribution des sciences sociales, notamment des historiens, dans la production audiovisuelle, et la promotion d’un naturalisme participatif.
Narcos et l’histoire dé-colombianisée de la Colombie
Authors: Rivera-Vélez Luis
Published: September 2020

Narcos est un succès pour Netflix. Positionnée comme une des meilleures productions de la plateforme, d’après son chef de contenu Ted Sarandos, la série a réussi à ouvrir le marché hispanophone (et bien d’autres) grâce à l’utilisation de l’Histoire colombienne, si tragique que parfois « la réalité dépasse la fiction » (S01E01). Toutefois, la réception colombienne de Narcos est ambiguë. À l’intérieur du pays, les critiques sont fortes et son succès très relatif : tant le gouvernement, comme le fils de Pablo Escobar, ainsi que les spécialistes de cinéma, questionnent l’image de puissance que la série véhicule du monde du trafic illicite de stupéfiants et notamment de cet anti-héros qu’est Pablo Escobar. Partant d’une réflexion sur l’utilisation de l’Histoire dans les produits culturels de masse, nous défendons l’idée que Narcos échoue à séduire les Colombiens, dans ses deux premières saisons, non pas par sa volonté de relater l’histoire colombienne, mais par la manière dont elle raconte l’Histoire.
Engaging Families in STEM Through Environmental Education
Authors: Hooks Sara , Cruzado-Guerrero Judith
Published: September 2020

Family engagement in education refers to a partnership between schools and the community to support children's development and learning. Family engagement has been at the forefront of education initiatives in recent decades as research has shown positive effects on a variety of student outcomes. At the same time, there has been increased emphasis on integrating environmental education into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) content areas. This chapter illustrates how engaging families in environmental education within STEM curricula can benefit schools, families, and the community. Existing literature on family engagement in environmental education will be explored, along with strategies to engage families. Specific strategies for engaging families who are culturally and linguistically diverse will also be discussed. The chapter concludes with recommendations taken from the literature for designing, implementing, and sustaining family engagement in environmental education.
Energy Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Nodes Using Rectenna
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Sharma Jyotsna , Kumar Arvind
Published: September 2020

Wireless sensor nodes generally operate using energy from source line batteries, which need to be replaced or recharge from time to time. The connection of electromagnetic energy to DC energy, which is called radiofrequency (RF) energy harvesting, is one of the best techniques to act as an energy source for this equipment. An ambient amount of RF energy is present in our environment radiated from numerous sources so that it can act as a much predictable source of energy as compared to other techniques of energy harvesting. This system eliminates the periodic replacement of energy batteries for these sensor nodes. Despite the enormous RF energy present in the environment, the power per unit area is quite low. Hence, the major barrier is to increase the output of the rectifier circuit, even though the power density is low.
Cloud Computing Technologies
Authors: Kaushik Shweta , Gandhi Charu
Published: September 2020

In today's world, cloud computing and e-commerce are complementary to each other in terms of their vast effectiveness. E-commerce allows the business to move and grow on the internet without having or buying any physical space. Cloud computing helps e-commerce by securing the investment of IT infrastructure. That is the only reason why most of the organizations are moving their business towards cloud computing. Many organizations are getting much more benefit from the usage of cloud computing. But before adopting this, they must understand its trade-off also. In this chapter, the authors present the requirements of e-commerce organizations for adoption of cloud computing, benefit after the adoption of cloud computing in the e-commerce business, and what difficulties e-commerce organizations feel after the usage of this technology.
Noise Removal With Filtering Techniques
Authors: Vijayakumari B.
Published: September 2020

An overview of the image noise models and the de-noising techniques available are presented here. Basically, filtering is one of the de-noising approaches that is normally performed in both spatial and frequency domains. Thus, this chapter focuses on these two approaches. Few filters like mean, median, sharpening, and adaptive median filter are discussed under spatial domain. In the frequency domain, as Butterworth filter suits better for images, Butterworth low pass, high pass, and band pass filters along with homomorphic filters are also analyzed. It also provides a comparative analysis of these approaches for both synthetic and medical images with some performance measures.
Time Series Analysis for Crime Forecasting Using ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) Model
Authors: Faujdar Neetu , Joshi Anant
Published: September 2020

With massive advancements in the fields of data analysis and data mining, a new importance has been gained by data visualization. Data visualization focuses on visualizing and abstracting complex data to make it comprehensible and easy to understand using visual representation of information. Analysis of crime and crime-related data has been steadily popularizing over the last decade, and this chapter aims at visualizing such data. Crime data for several different types of crime for many countries in the world has been collected, compiled, processed, analyzed, and visualized in this chapter. Predictive analysis of this data has also been performed using time series analysis. This chapter aims to create a hub where internet users can easily view and interpret this data.
A Smart Security Drones for Farms Using Software Architecture
Authors: Karl Yoki , Kim Haeng-Kon , Lee Jong-Halk
Published: September 2020

Predators like lions and elephants, around farms to kill and destroy a farm's livestock. For this reason, productivity in agriculture decreases over time resulting in poor production of crops and even killing of poultry animals. The development drone for driven agriculture based on image process and IoT technology provides an effective way to ensure the protection of farms and agriculture against wild animals. An automatic drone flies after receiving a signal from server with machine learning to hunt wild animals outside the farm. The focus is on object detection which is also the highlight of this project. Furthermore, the UAV drone was developed through UAV technologies, with functionalities necessary for the successful deployment of a fully autonomous UAV operation over agriculture and traffic networks. The UAV is able to navigate autonomously at different altitudes and plan for mission goals such as locating, identifying, tracking, and the development of reliable software and hardware architectures. This article proposes a UML diagram including the design of the unmanned aerial vehicle system and software in it. The software is called embedded software. Model-based testing is a resolution for testing the embedded software.
Graphics Forgery Recognition using Deep Convolutional Neural Network in Video for Trustworthiness
Authors: Jindal Neeru , Kaur Harpreet
Published: September 2020

Doctored video generation with easily accessible editing software has proven to be a major problem in maintaining its authenticity. This article is focused on a highly efficient method for the exposure of inter-frame tampering in the videos by means of deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). The proposed algorithm will detect forgery without requiring additional pre-embedded information of the frame. The other significance from pre-existing learning techniques is that the algorithm classifies the forged frames on the basis of the correlation between the frames and the observed abnormalities using DCNN. The decoders used for batch normalization of input improve the training swiftness. Simulation results obtained on REWIND and GRIP video dataset with an average accuracy of 98% shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm as compared to the existing one. The proposed algorithm is capable of detecting the forged content in You Tube compressed video with an accuracy reaching up to 100% for GRIP dataset and 98.99% for REWIND dataset.