bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Gamifi cation in the Online and Offl ine Qualitative Marketing Research
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Ścibor-Rylski Micha
Published: January 2022

Gamified market research tools help to increase respondents’ engagement and obtain more in- depth results. Up till now the eff ects of gamifi cation have been tested in the offl ine environment. The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world of the qualitative research and also triggered a need to replicate some previously presented eff ects. The article shows the results of two experiments proving the eff ectiveness of gamifi ed approach to the qualitative advertisement and product concept testing in an online environment. The experimental groups with a narrative context added to a question regarding the fi rst impression after viewing an advertisement or reading a product concept provided more elaborated answers to the open-ended questions than the control groups with a standard task. What’s important, for the advertisement test the effect was significant for both online and offl ine conditions, whereas in the case of the product concept test only the online variant proved the superiority of the gamified task.
Política de empleo y trabajo decente en la economía española (2010-2020)
Authors: Franco i Sala Lluís
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo versa sobre el trabajo decente como parte integrante del objetivo del pleno empleo en la economía española durante el período 2010-2020. El propósito del artículo es analizar si la economía española ha progresado o se ha alejado del trabajo decente, las brechas de género en este ámbito y las políticas que hay que aplicar para avanzar en el objetivo del pleno empleo con trabajo decente. Se examinan las tendencias de seis indicadores a corto y a largo plazo. Los resultados obtenidos son que se ha avanzado por lo que se refiere al trabajo decente en los años 2010 a 2020 desde la perspectiva de la tasa de empleo (moderadamente), el porcentaje de ninis (significativamente), la tasa de desempleo de larga duración (significativamente), el porcentaje de población inactiva debido a responsabilidades de cuidado de personas (significativamente) y la tasa de incidencia de muertos en accidentes laborales (significativamente). En cambio, se ha alejado moderadamente del trabajo decente desde el enfoque del indicador de la tasa de riesgo de pobreza en el trabajo. Asimismo, se observa una brecha de género en detrimento de las mujeres en la tasa de empleo, en la tasa de paro de larga duración y, sobre todo, en el porcentaje de población inactiva debido a responsabilidades de cuidado de personas. Finalmente, se desarrollan las políticas a aplicar para avanzar en el objetivo del pleno empleo con trabajo decente.
Políticas públicas de fomento de la RSE: El caso del sector de la construcción
Authors: González Morales Olga , Domínguez Herrera Marta Mª , Peña Vázquez Rocío
Published: January 2022

Las líneas prioritarias de la Unión Europea están centradas en el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Las empresas y su comportamiento socialmente responsable tienen un papel esencial en el logro de estos objetivos, por lo que el debate se ha trasladado al ámbito de las políticas públicas. Este debate está centrado en determinar qué funciones debe desempeñar el sector público para fomentar la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE), considerándose que están ligadas, en buena medida, a la acción regulatoria. En España, tanto las empresas como los poderes públicos se han incorporado con retraso a las tendencias europeas. De ello da muestra el lento avance en términos de formalización de políticas y transparencia informativa. Hasta hace pocos años los mercados financieros y de productos españoles ofrecían escasos incentivos por la adopción de buenas prácticas de RSE. Los reguladores no se han esforzado en adoptar reformas legislativas para la difusión de un enfoque socialmente responsable, ni han introducido criterios de RSE, por ejemplo, para la contratación pública, hasta muy recientemente. El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre las iniciativas públicas de formalización, transparencia y escrutinio y las funciones que el sector público puede desarrollar para fomentar comportamientos socialmente responsables en las empresas. Se analiza el caso del sector de la construcción como un sector clave que posibilita la transformación del entorno (diseño de ciudades, edificios donde se asientan las actividades económicas, utilización de nuevas energías, domótica), contribuyendo de forma importante al logro de los ODS. Desde la crisis económica de la primera década del siglo XXI y, posteriormente, con la crisis del COVID-19, este modelo de construcción más sostenible comienza a plantearse seriamente. Los agentes que intervienen en el proceso de edificación empiezan a valorar aspectos sociales en sus procedimientos, además de los tradicionales aspectos económicos y ambientales, y la Unión Europea desarrolla políticas dirigidas al sector de la construcción que se alienan con la denominada ola de renovación para la transformación de Europa.
Conversando con Jaume Plensa
Authors: Guijarro Mar Plensa
Published: January 2022

Esta entrevista nace a raíz del Trabajo de Fin de Grado con el objetivo de atender y estudiar las escenografías, el vestuario y las concepciones espaciales de Jaume Plensa y su colaboración con la Fura dels Baus en teatros de ópera, como el Gran Teatro del Liceo, la Ópera de la Bastilla o el Teatro Real, y con obras como La Flauta Mágica, El Martirio de San Sebastián, La Damnation de Faust, El Castillo de Barbazul o La Atlántida. Esta sección ha sido realizada gracias a una profunda conversación personal con el artista Plensa.
Grabando, reproduciendo y produciendo identidades sonoras.
Authors: Cornelio Yacaman Jaime Alejandro
Published: January 2022

El registro sonoro de un lugar permite crear bases de datos con archivos que posteriormente se pueden usar para conocer lo que denomino la identidad del ecosistema sonoro, entendido desde el punto de vista de la complejidad y en oposición al concepto de paisaje sonoro (Schafer [1977] 2013; Cabrelles [2006] 2019; Cerdà 2020). Esta identidad tiene dos dimensiones. Por un lado, nos ayuda a conocer las múltiples dimensiones sonoras de un lugar y, por otro, facilita la creación de nuevas identidades sonoras a través del arte. En relación con el primer aspecto, surge la cuestión de investigación sobre cómo puede el registro de un sonido indicarnos algo sobre la identidad de el ecosistema. En relación con el segundo aspecto, el artículo propone profundizar sobre el concepto de registro sonoro, analizando las relaciones entre sonido, música y artes en distintas prácticas y tecnologías de grabación, reproducción y creación de lo sonoro, en particular, aquellas que confluyen en la construcción de la identidad de ecosistemas sonoros. El análisis está basado en las teorías de la complejidad (Morin 2010; Whitehead 1968; Stengers 2005; Latour 2008; De Landa 2008) y algunos estudios de caso (obra propia; Westerkamp, 2013; Nedev, 2013).
La "Historia de vita et gestis Scanderbegi Epirotarum Principis" (1510) de Marin Barleti: una lectura
Authors: Contreras Martín Antonio
Published: January 2022

Jorge Castriota (Gjergj Kastrioti) (c. 1405?-1468), conocido como Scanderbeg, se convierte mediante la Historia de vita et gestis Scanderbegi Epirotarum Principis (1510) de Marin Barleti en un héroe nacional albanés y ejemplo de combatiente cristiano («athleta Christi»), cuya historia transciende sus fronteras originales y se difunde por Europa. El propósito de este trabajo es un análisis introductorio a fin de observar cómo Marin Barleti confeccionó la biografía de Jorge Castriota, para lo que centraré mi atención en nueve momentos determinantes, que se presentan como ejemplares, en la configuración de la trayetoria vital de protagonista.
Fallows, Noel, «Armas y armaduras de la justa real en la Baja Edad Media. “Lo Cavaller” (Valencia, 1493), de Mosén Ponç de Menaguerra», València, PUV, 2020
Authors: Beltran Rafael
Published: January 2022

Ressenya de: Noel Fallows, Armas y armadures de la justa real en la Baja Edad Media. “Lo Cavaller” (Valencia, 1493), de Mosén Ponç de Menaguerra, València, PUV, 2020
La escuela, el Raval e internet
Authors: Foglia Efraín
Published: January 2022

¿Deben ir de la mano la cultura y la educación en las calles de nuestros barrios? ¿Deben las instituciones culturales tener un compromiso firme con el entorno que habitan? ¿Deben implicarse las escuelas en los cambios y conflictos del paradigma digital? Estas solo son tres preguntas de una docena de ellas que podríamos formular relacionadas con los retos de la realidad contemporánea ligados a la educación, la ciudad y la cultura.
From Gondwana to the Yellow Sea, evolutionary diversifications of true toads Bufo sp. in the Eastern Palearctic and a revisit of species boundaries for Asian lineages
Authors: Othman Siti N , Litvinchuk Spartak N , Maslova Irina , Dahn Hollis , Messenger Kevin R , Andersen Desiree , Jowers Michael J , Kojima Yosuke , Skorinov Dmitry V , Yasumiba Kiyomi , Chuang Ming-Feng , Chen Yi-Huey , Bae Yoonhyuk , Hoti Jennifer , Jang Yikweon , Borzee Amael
Published: January 2022

Taxa with vast distribution ranges often display unresolved phylogeographic structures and unclear taxonomic boundaries resulting in hidden diversity. This hypothesis-driven study reveals the evolutionary history of Bufonidae, covering the phylogeographic patterns found in Holarctic bufonids from the West Gondwana to the phylogenetic taxonomy of Asiatic true toads in the Eastern Palearctic. We used an integrative approach relying on fossilized birth-death calibrations, population dynamics, gene-flow, species distribution, and species delimitation modeling to resolve the biogeography of the clade and highlight cryptic lineages. We verified the near-simultaneous Miocene radiations within Western and Eastern Palearctic Bufo, c. 14.49–10.00 Mya, temporally matching with the maximum dust outflows in Central Asian deserts. Contrary to earlier studies, we demonstrated that the combined impacts of long dispersal and ice-age refugia equally contributed to the current genetic structure of Bufo in East Asia. Our findings reveal a climate-driven adaptation in septentrional Eastern Asian Bufo, explaining its range shifts toward northern latitudes. We resolve species boundaries within the Eastern Palearctic Bufo, and redefine the taxonomic and conservation units of the northeastern species: B. sachalinensis and its subspecies.
Single-cell atlas of early chick development reveals gradual segregation of neural crest lineage from the neural plate border during neurulation
Authors: Williams Ruth M , Lukoseviciute Martyna , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana , Bronner Marianne E
Published: January 2022

The epiblast of vertebrate embryos is comprised of neural and non-neural ectoderm, with the border territory at their intersection harboring neural crest and cranial placode progenitors. Here, we a generate single-cell atlas of the developing chick epiblast from late gastrulation through early neurulation stages to define transcriptional changes in the emerging ‘neural plate border’ as well as other regions of the epiblast. Focusing on the border territory, the results reveal gradual establishment of heterogeneous neural plate border signatures, including novel genes that we validate by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Developmental trajectory analysis infers that segregation of neural plate border lineages only commences at early neurulation, rather than at gastrulation as previously predicted. We find that cells expressing the prospective neural crest marker Pax7 contribute to multiple lineages, and a subset of premigratory neural crest cells shares a transcriptional signature with their border precursors. Together, our results suggest that cells at the neural plate border remain heterogeneous until early neurulation, at which time progenitors become progressively allocated toward defined neural crest and placode lineages. The data also can be mined to reveal changes throughout the developing epiblast.
It is time for open access in clinical care
Authors: Kim Edy
Published: January 2022

A healthcare center widely sharing its internal guidelines on how to treat COVID-19 patients “just wasn’t done.” As the pandemic raged at a Boston hospital, the next generation of clinical leaders pushed for change.
Response of Pinus tabuliformis saplings to continuous autumn fertilization treatments in the mountains of Eastern Liaoning Province, China
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Han Jincheng , Wang Lijiao , Jing Xin , Wang Yutao , Liu Ping
Published: January 2022

Autumn fertilization is an important cultivation and management measure used to provide nutrients at the hardening stage during the end of the growing season—bolstering nutrient reserves and promoting additional growth in the following spring. Previous studies mainly focused on short-term or one-time fertilization treatment of container seedlings, and few studies have observed the effects of autumn fertilization of large-area forests over multiple continuous years. The growth dynamics and nutrient changes during autumn in 324 Pinus tabuliformis saplings in the temperate zone of China (in the eastern Liaoning mountains) were studied under field conditions with different fertilizer treatments for three consecutive years. The second year of autumn fertilization promoted the growth of tree height and annual leaf length more significantly than that in the first year, the change in diameter at breast height (DBH) was significant. Tree height (TH) in spring increased at a faster rate than in autumn, while DBH stably increased throughout the year. The increase in TH, DBH, and annual leaf length (ALL) under all fertilization treatments was higher than that of the control group, and the decrease in annual branch length (ABL) was higher than that of the control group. High N significantly increased the concentration of new coniferous N (NLN), soil total N (STN), and soil alkali-hydrolyzable N (SAHN) in P. tabuliformis saplings. High P significantly increased the concentration of P in annual needles and soil total P (STP), and decreased the concentration of N in new needles. In addition, there is a certain correlation between the N and P concentration in the needles and soil, representing the competition and interactions between plant nutrient demand and soil nutrient supply. The most favorable fertilizer treatment consisted of high N and low P (urea 204 g, calcium superphosphate 104 g), which provide support for the formulation of a reasonable fertilization technology for P. tabuliformis in the mountains of Eastern Liaoning Province, China.
How Communication’s Channels Influence Diffusion of Eco-friendly Technologies? A Case Study of Sustainable Land Management Technologies’ Diffusion in Benin, West Africa
Authors: Assogba Claude-Gervais , Hounzandji Solange , Tossou Rigobert
Published: January 2022

This article analyses the influence of communication channels in Sustainable Land Management (SLM) measures diffusion in Kandi and Savalou in Benin, West Africa. Data were collected among a sample of 18 farmers organizations’ leaders and 301 producers applying implementing these technologies since two years at least. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Chi-2 and t student statistics were used via R.3.5.2 software to analyze data. Results show that formal and informal communication channels are used to disseminate SLM measures. The type of channel does not significantly influence the number of producers reached and those implementing SLM measures. Farmers organizations leaders play an important role in the process of SLM dissemination according to their status within organizations. Take into account both informal and formal communication channels and role played by opinion leaders can better contribute to increase awareness of land management technologies innovations introduced in rural areas and their diffusion at large scale.
Social and Political Drivers Affecting Wheat Production in Nigeria
Authors: Dambazau S. A. , Krishnankutty Jayasree , Ajitha T. K.
Published: January 2022

Social and political factors are believed to be affecting agricultural operations in a way that stagnates their growth or leads to the total collapse of the system. A study on social and political factors affecting wheat crop production in Nigeria was conducted with the aim of exploring those factors for proper solutions. Primary data was collected through national stakeholders’ focus group discussion while time series data of the country's wheat production, harvested area, and imports was collected. MAXQDA statistical software was used to analyze the focus group discussion report, while compound growth rate analysis was used to compare the growth rate of the variables under study. The results indicated the extent to which political factors affect wheat production in Nigeria more than others. The degree to which external social factors affect the sector was less when compared with political factors and more than internal social factors. Non-adoption of recommended agronomic practices and the knowledge level of the farmers were the major internal social factors. While the major external social factors were consumer food habits, consumer demand for convenience, low produce prices, and high input costs. Political factors identified were social security issues, inconsistent government policies, and intricacies in implementation, the role of the publication media, role playing by the milling industries, international trade interests, and lack of political will. The result also indicated that the total average growth rate of production was negative, and positive growth was recorded in the harvested area, with a high percentage recorded in imports. For Nigeria to achieve the desired outcome, focused commitments and the adoption of a multi-dimensional approach are required.
Socio-Economic Factors Affecting the Perception of Farmers towards Soil Health Card (SHC) Scheme in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Babu S. Lokesh , Lakshmi T. , Prasad S. V. , Hemalatha S. , Reddy B. Ravindra
Published: January 2022

Soil is an important component of farming since it delivers nutrients to the plants. Soil health is critical for ensuring long-term agricultural production. “National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) was implemented during 12th Plan with the objective of making agriculture more productive, sustainable and climate resilient. Conserving natural resources, to adopt comprehensive soil health management practices and optimize utilization of water resources are also objectives of NMSA. As a part of comprehensive soil health management Soil Health Card (SHC) scheme was started by the Department of Agriculture & Co-operation under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare. Soil test-based nutrient management has emerged as a key issue in efforts to increase agricultural productivity and production, because optimal nutrient use, based on soil analysis, can improve crop productivity and minimize wastage of these nutrients, minimizing environmental impact and leading to bias through optimal production. Governments do efforts towards these through Soil Health Cards. The present study was conducted in Anantapuramu district of Andhra Pradesh in view of assessing the socio economic factors influencing the perception level of the farmers on Soil Health Card scheme. Results revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship of perception towards SHC scheme with respect to education, land holding, mass media exposure, social participation, extension contact, scientific orientation, economic motivation, risk orientation, innovativeness, management orientation and achievement motivation at 0.01%level of significance, where as cropping intensity at 0.05 %level of significance. Farming experience and family type had a negative and non-significant association with farmers' perceptions of the SHC scheme, whereas age and yearly income had a positive and non-significant relationship with farmers' perceptions of the system.
A Dual Method of Carroll's Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis
Authors: Malouata Rodnellin Onesime , Louzayadio Gelin Chedly , Diafouka Michel Koukouatikissa , Niere Leonard
Published: January 2022

Aims/Objectives: We propose a dual method of Carroll's generalized canonical correlation analysis and we prove by means of the proposed criterion that the duality is formulated by exchanging the operators. It is an extension of Carroll's generalized canonical correlation analysis. The approach of analysis is illustrated on the basis of case study.
Frequency of Complementary Feeding, Top Feeding and Exclusive Breast Feeding among Infants at Tertiary Care Unit: A Retrospective Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Memon Sehrish , Farhat Ayesha , Memon Asadullah , Khokhar Iqra , Naqvi Hina , Chohan Muhammad Nadeem
Published: January 2022

Aim: To determine the frequency of complementary feeding, top feeding and exclusive breast feeding among infants at tertiary care unit

Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study

Place and Duration: Pediatric Out Patient Department (OPD) of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from November 2017 to May 2018

Methodology: Three hundred children were enrolled. The mothers of the children were asked about the feeding practices (i.e. exclusive breast feeding, top feeding, complementary feeding) which were described as frequency distribution table

Results: Exclusive breast feeding was found in 54 (18%) children, complementary feeding started at 6 months of age in 102 (34%) children, while the top feeding was given in 144 (48%) children.

Conclusion: At the age of 6 months, complimentary feeding was practiced most frequently. Exclusive breast feeding was not very common. So, mothers should be encouraged to promote breast feeding among their children.
Study on Post Liver Transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PLTDM): Pathogenesis and Risk Factors
Authors: Lothe Ganesh , Gomase Vrushabh , Mohale Sandip
Published: January 2022

Post-liver transplantation Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or PLTDM, affects 30 % of liver transplant patients and is linked to an elevated risk of death & a variety of adverse consequences. PLTDM is a multi-cause disease, however, the use of immunosuppressive drugs from the calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) family is the primary risk factor (tacrolimus and cyclosporine). Other variables, including before-transplant obesity, alcoholic independent steatohepatitis, & hepatitis C virus infection, can enhance the incidence of Post Liver Transplant DM. Only when the dosages of Calcineurin inhibitor & steroids have been stabilized & the stress after the operation has been alleviated should a diagnosis of PLTDM be made. Insulin secretory dysfunction is the most common complication caused by CNI. To enhance long-term success for both the patient and the transplant, plasma glucose management must begin soon after the surgery. Metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors, among the more well-known antidiabetics, have a notably non-malignant profile into the setting of Post Liver Transplant DM & are recommended oral medicines for large duration treatment. Insulin treatment is another viable treatment option for the disorder's underlying pathophysiological problem. There is yet little information on the effects of newer antidiabetic families on Post Liver Transplant DM. With immunosuppressant medicines, the physician managing diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension following transplant must be aware of the increased risk of drug-drug interactions and infections. The increased risk of fluctuating and decreased renal function, which can lead to hypoglycemia, must be included in treatment goals and treatments. While research is underway to develop ways to prevent PTDM, it is critical that immunosuppressive regimes be chosen based on their ability to prolong graft survival rather than to avoid PTDM.
Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness about the Benefits of Indoor Plants: Reduction in Stress Level and Mental Health Satisfaction
Authors: Ganesh M. K. Arun , Devi R. Gayatri , Priya A. Jothi
Published: January 2022

Background: Environmental pollution is a serious threat to living beings and global warming. Indoor pollution also comes under environmental pollution. One of the sustainable but underexploited solutions is the indoor plants which are of much significance and importance. The indoor air quality is improved by indoor plants, which benefits humans by improving their physical and mental health.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze and gain knowledge on the awareness people of age 25-35 have on the benefits of indoor plants.

Materials and Methods: The self-administered questionnaire was designed based on awareness. The questionnaire was distributed through Google forms linked to 110 numbers of the study population of age between 25 and 35. Methods of representation of each output variable were represented in the pie chart form. The measure that was taken to minimize the sampling bias was that the validity was checked both internally and externally. The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.

Results: From this study, 83.6% of the participants’ have indoor plants at their homes or workplaces. 82% people felt that indoor plants help to reduce stress levels which was not statistically significant (p: 0.07) and 89% of them felt indoor plants helping to promote healing of injuries faster which was statistically significant (p: 0.02).

Conclusion: Indoor plants were beneficial to the majority of the population in different ways. Populations between the age 25 and 35 were aware about indoor plants and awareness camps, social media, seminars and workshops can be conducted among the people to promote knowledge on indoor plants.
A Review on Role of Shaman Chikitsa in the Medoroga w.s.r to Dyslipidemia
Authors: Nandal Praveen , Wajpeyi Sadhana Misar , Balpande Khushhali
Published: January 2022

Background: Medoroga is a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of Meda  Dhatu in the body. Accumulation of Medo Dhatu in different parts of the body causes blockage of Strotsa which ultimately leads to poor nourishment of other Dhathus. Lack of exercise and Kaphavardhak Ahar Viharar are the two main causes of Medoroga. In modern times, the way of life has changed drastically to quick nourishments and inactive tendencies throughout the world. Because of these factors, the accumulation of Meda Dhatu happens immensely. In Ayurveda, dyslipidemia is considered under Medoroga. Dyslipidemia is an emerging serious health abnormality associated with co-morbidities including CVD that continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized by an increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and a decrease in HDL levels.

Aim and Objectives: This review are conducted with the aim to study the various formulations and drugs described for Medoroga (Dyslipidemia) as Shaman Chikitsa in Ayurveda.

Materials and Methods: The classical texts of Ayurveda and modern medicine, Journals, and Research articles from Google Scholar, Pubmed, etc were selected for the study.

Observations and Discussion: The research studies conducted on guggul formulations, Arogyavardhinivati, Triphala, Trikatu, Arjun, and Yava showed significant improvement in lipid levels which may be due to their Katu, Kashaya Rasa, Ushna, Teekshna Guna and Lekhana, Deepana, Pachana properties that help in reducing aggravated Kapha and Meda.

Conclusion: Dyslipidemia can be effectively managed with various formulations given in Ayurveda.
Role of Medicinal Plants in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Authors: Sharma Navjot , Bora Kundan Singh
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a worse metabolic condition in which level of glucose and lipid increased in blood circulation due to insufficient insulin functionality that may lead to worse the complication like atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, gangrene, limb amputation, kidney failure, and many more. Furthermore, high concentration of glucose in blood stream can directly produce reactive oxygen species which ultimately more worsen the conditions like dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis etc. This disorder is expected to affect 9.3% of the global population in 2019, increasing to 10.2%  by 2030 and increasing 10.9 % by 2045. Medicinal plants are used as medicine to treat many ailments since a long time ago. But now they have been rediscovered with having specific constituents to treat diseases and many more yet to discover. There are so many active phytoconstituents of plants which are being extracted, purified, tested and formulated for patient convenience. In the present review, various plants used to treat diabetes mellitus due to have negligible side effects as compared to allopathic treatment (oral hypoglycemic drugs) are described. Many plants with hypoglycemic effect of many plants have been reported, and the mechanisms of action of these plants with these hypoglycemic behaviors are being examined through in vitro and in vivo studies. Some of these 22 medicinal plants and their active constituents related to antidiabetic activity are discussed in this review.
Case Report on Congestive Cardiac Failure with Pneumonia with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Gabhane Chaitanya , Mahakarkar Manjusha , Ankar Ruchira
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Congestive cardiac failure is a pathophysiologic state when the heart is not able to maintain its cardiac output to meet the demand of metabolizing tissues. Pneumonia is the inflammation of parenchyma of lungs. Bronchial Asthma is a diseases of airway produced by hypersensitivity inflammatory response of tracheobronchial tree to a variety of stimuli resulting in reversible narrowing of the air passages.

Clinical Finding: Patient having pain in chest since 2-3 days and it radiating to back and shoulder. Patient is experiencing breathlessness even at rest stage. Patient is also having a diagnosis of Asthma since 1 year.

Diagnostic Evaluation: Patient had undergone the Respective Diagnostic evaluation. Complete Blood Count, MRI, chest X- ray and 2D Echo.

Therapeutic Intervention: Patient have been prescribed the following Medication. Inj. Lasix 400mgX BD, Inj. Sodabicarb in 100ml saline stat, Inj. Doxy 100mgX BD, Inj. Piptaz 20mgX BD, Inj. PAN 40mgX TDS, Tab. Flucon 150 mg X OD.

Outcome: After the providing the nursing care the pain level in chest had been minimized and patient is not having any breathlessness in resting stage and his condition also has been improved after the care provided.

Conclusion: The patient was admitted in Medicine Intensive Care Unit [MICU] AVBRH, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha with the known case of Congestive Cardiac failure with Pneumonia and Bronchial Asthma. After providing appropriate nursing care his condition has been improved.
Review of Different Vaccines and Vaccination Campaings against Covid around the Globe and India
Authors: Goyal Jahanvi , Chakole Swaroopa
Published: January 2022

Background: Coronavirus is caused by beta variant of coronavirus, occurred as an unexpected breakout from the city of Wuhan in China, spreading across borders in no time. A large number of measures like imposing strict curfews, lockdowns, avoidance of public gatherings, home isolation, quarantine etc. have been imposed in the nation to curb the disease transmission, but none of the measures were enough to stop the viral transmission. The only efficient measure to stop the transmission of virus is developing herd immunity by the use of vaccines. As known from the past experiences vaccines take a long time to get approval, but many COVID vaccines have received emergency approval for public use. Vaccines, by creating herd immunity in the population, are the most efficient strategy of limiting the epidemic. Vaccines are the most cost-effective method of preventing infection transmission. Vaccine development typically takes several years, however due to significant mortality; numerous vaccines against COVID-19 have obtained emergency approval. Most of the vaccines developed today or in trial aim at targeting the S protein or the RBD region. There has been remarkable success in development of COVID-19 vaccine since the registration of first case on January 10-2020.Mortality and morbidity associated with the disease are increasing day by day and hence temporary measures like lockdown and stay-at-home strategy would not suffice for long. A large number of vaccination campaigns have been launched around the globe. They aim at reducing the incidence of the disease and henceforth the associated mortality.
Efficacy and Acceptability of Intermittent Aerobic Exercise on Polysomnography‐Measured Sleep in People With Rheumatoid Arthritis With Self‐Reported Sleep Disturbance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Loeppenthin Katrine , Esbensen Bente Appel , Klausen Julie Midtgaard , Østergaard Mikkel , Christensen Jesper Frank , Tolver Anders , Thomsen Tanja , Bech Julie Schjerbech , Jennum Poul
Published: January 2022

Objective

This study's objective was to investigate the efficacy and acceptability of intermittent aerobic exercise training on sleep parameters, fatigue, pain, depressive symptoms, physical function, and cardiorespiratory fitness in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Thirty‐eight people with RA were assigned to intermittent aerobic exercise training (three sessions/week for 6 weeks; intervention group, n = 17) or usual care (control group, n = 21). The primary outcome was a change in polysomnography‐assessed sleep efficiency from baseline to the end of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Multi‐Dimensional Questionnaire), depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression), and cardiorespiratory fitness (watt max test).

Results

No between‐group differences were found in changes in polysomnography‐assessed sleep efficiency (0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.02 to 0.09, P = 0.17). In the intervention group, sleep efficiency was improved significantly from baseline (0.84; 95% CI: 0.80‐0.88) compared with the end of the intervention (6 weeks) (0.88; 95% CI: 0.85‐0.92); however, there was no significant difference in the control group. Fatigue and depression measures were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Between‐group differences were overall fatigue (−16.1; 95% CI: −25.1 to −7.0, P = 0.001), physical fatigue (−5.0; 95% CI: −7.3 to −2.7, P = 0.0001), cognitive fatigue (−2.4; 95% CI: −4.2 to 0.6, P = 0.009), living with fatigue (−2.5; 95% CI: −4.5 to −0.5, P = 0.01), and depressive symptoms (−6.8; 95% CI: −12.4 to −1.1, P = 0.02).

Conclusion

The intervention yielded no significantly better sleep efficiency compared with usual care. However, aspects of fatigue, including physical and cognitive fatigue, and depressive symptoms were significantly improved in the intervention group.
Synergistic Effects of Multifunctional Lanthanides Doped CsPbBrCl2 Quantum Dots for Efficient and Stable MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhuang Xinmeng , Sun Rui , Zhou Donglei , Liu Shuainan , Wu Yanjie , Shi Zhichong , Zhang Yuhong , Liu Bin , Chen Cong , Liu Dali , Song Hongwei
Published: January 2022

The passivation effect of inorganic perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) is a promising method to attain outstanding performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which has ignited widespread interest recently. Lanthanides (Ln) doped PQDs demonstrate unique properties, but nevertheless, are not explored in PSCs. In this work, four kinds of Ln3+ doped CsPbBrCl2 PQDs (Ln3+ = Yb3+, Ce3+, Eu3+, Sm3+) are firstly introduced into PSCs, which displays the synergistic effect of composition engineering and defect engineering. The results indicate that the introduction of CsPbBrCl2: Ln3+ can not only improve the crystallinity and passivate the intrinsic and surface defects of the MAPbI3 layer through ion and ligand passivation, but also form a stronger LnI bond than PbI, adjust work function (WF), and optimize band alignments. CsPbBrCl2:Sm3+ PQDs possess the best performance and exhibit remarkable promotions of open‐circuit voltage (Voc) from 1.13 to 1.20 V and power conversion efficiency from 18.54% to 22.52%. The humid‐resist, thermal‐resist abilities, and the long‐term stability of PSCs are energetically improved due to enhanced structure stability by Sm3+ doping and the hydrophobic characteristic. The strategy of Ln3+ doped PQDs applied to PSCs provide an approach to achieve high‐performance PSCs.
In Situ Surface Self‐Reconstruction Strategies in Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Layered Cathodes for Energy‐Dense Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gou Xiaoxia , Hao Zhenkun , Hao Zhimeng , Yang Gaojing , Yang Zhuo , Zhang Xinyue , Yan Zhenhua , Zhao Qing , Chen Jun
Published: January 2022

Lithium‐rich manganese‐based layered oxides (LROs) are standing out as cathode materials of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to merits on both capacity (>250 mAh g−1) and operation voltage (≈3.6 V). However, the applications of LROs are plagued by almost inevitable degradation of structure, in which electrode surface bears the brunt as the primacy barrier for Li+ transport. Plenty of surface modification strategies are proposed to stabilize the structure and in situ self‐reconstruction strategies with atomic level connection to bulk structures provide robust layers to prevent the degradation. Herein, a critical review focusing on in situ surface reconstruction of LROs is summarized. It is started from the overview of LROs and then the surface challenges including lattice oxygen release, phase transformation, transition metal ions dissolution, and interfacial side reactions are further discussed. In situ self‐reconstruction strategies are emphasized to alleviate the performance degradation of LROs, from creating oxygen vacancies to synthesizing layered‐spinel or layered‐rocksalt heterogeneous structures. Among these approaches, synthesis and characterization methods, formation mechanisms and roles to stabilize the structures are highlighted. Finally, the prospects from the aspects of precise/large scale preparations, interphase design between electrolytes and electrodes, and in‐operando characterization approaches for the commercialization of LROs are provided.
Multi‐Component Crosslinked Hydrogel Electrolyte toward Dendrite‐Free Aqueous Zn Ion Batteries with High Temperature Adaptability
Authors: Lu Hongyu , Hu Jisong , Wang Litong , Li Jianzhu , Ma Xiang , Zhu Zhicheng , Li Heqi , Zhao Yingjie , Li Yujie , Zhao Jingxin , Xu Bingang
Published: January 2022

Rechargeable aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are always regarded as a promising energy storage device owing to their higher safety and durability. However, two problems have become the main trouble for the practical application of ZIBs such as the dendrite growth of Zn metal anode in electrolyte and the freezing of water solvent at low temperature. Herein, to overcome these challenges, a new strategy, multi‐component crosslinked hydrogel electrolyte, is proposed to inhibit Zn dendrites and realize low temperature environmental adaptability for ZIBs. Benefitting from the superior inhibition effect of the polyacrylamide and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on Zn dendrites, the coulombic efficiency of the symmetric cell of ≈99.5% is achieved during the Zn plating/stripping over 1 300 h, and the assembled full‐cell demonstrates the large specific capacity of 265.2 mAh g‐1 and high cyclic stability with the capacity retention of 95.27% after 3 000 cycles. In addition, the full‐cell delivers stable operation at a wide temperature range, from 60 to −40 °C, due to the introduction of additive DMSO. This work provides an inspired strategy and novel opportunities to realize a dendrite‐free and wide‐temperature rechargeable aqueous Zn‐ion energy storage system.
Functional Materials with Wide‐Spectral‐Responsive Photocatalytic Activity and Real‐Time Temperature Feedback: The Electrospun Fibers Embedded with NaGdF4‐Tm‐Yb@TiO2 Nanocrystals
Authors: Gao Zelin , Wang Jingru , Yu Dechuan , Pun Edwin Yue Bun , Lin Hai
Published: January 2022

In this work, combining the advantages of upconversion materials, nanofibers, and TiO2 semiconductors, the composite fibers embedded with NaGdF4: Tm3+, Yb3+@TiO2 nanocrystals (NGF‐TY@TiO2 NCs) are prepared as wide‐spectral (UV‐NIR) response photocatalysts and temperature sensing materials. Based on the FIR technique, both the thermally (3F2,3 and 3H4) and nonthermally (1G4 and 3F2,3) coupled levels of Tm3+ are confirmed to be applicable as temperature probes for real‐time monitoring and feedback of the working temperature of the catalytic degradation process, and the maximum relative sensitivity values of SR1 and SR2 are as high as 2.760%K−1 and 3.019%K−1 at 304 K, respectively. Under 977 nm laser excitation, the energy migration from NGF‐T0.4Y6 to TiO2 is demonstrated to a fluorescence resonance energy transfer process. The degradation ratio of rhodamine B (RhB) is 19.3% in the presence of NGF‐T0.4Y6@TiO2/PAN fibers and the degradation constant K reaches 0.00117 min−1 after 3 h irradiating from Xe lamp with a UV cutoff filter. Accordingly, this study suggests a new perspective to utilize the NIR energy of sunlight for photocatalytic application based on TiO2, and the addition of dual temperature feedback provides a reliable reference for the development of safer and more efficient catalytic materials.
Micropattern‐Controlled Cell Density and Its Effect on Gene Transfection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Yongtao , Yoshitomi Toru , Kawazoe Naoki , Yang Yingnan , Chen Guoping
Published: January 2022

Influence of cell density on gene transfection and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, micropatterned surfaces are prepared to control cell density, cell morphology, and cell–cell interactions to investigate how and why cell density affects gene transfection of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell density is controlled by adjusting the ratio of cell adhesive area to nonadhesive area. Gene transfection is dependent on cell density. A moderate cell density is beneficial for gene transfection, while low (2.5 ± 0.7 × 103 cells cm−2) and high (112.6 ± 9.6 × 103 cells cm−2) cell densities have negative effects on transfection. Influence of cell density on gene transfection is strongly correlated with its influence on cellular uptake capacity and DNA synthesis. High cellular uptake and DNA synthesis promote gene transfection. Variations in cell morphology and cell–cell interaction levels of populations with different cell densities could explain the influence of cell density. Large cell size (low cell density) and strong cell–cell interaction (high cell density) could increase gene transfection. Cell protrusion of large cells could slightly promote gene transfection. Balance of these factors is important for maximal gene transfection. The results should be useful for understanding the effect of cell density on gene transfection.
Organic Electrochemical Transistors: An Emerging Technology for Biosensing
Authors: Marks Adam , Griggs Sophie , Gasparini Nicola , Moser Maximilian
Published: January 2022

Recent research demonstrates the viability of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) as an emergent technology for biosensor applications. Herein, a comprehensive summary is provided, highlighting the significant progress and most notable advances within the field of OECT‐based biosensors. The working principles of an OECT are detailed, with specific attention given to the current library of organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC) channel materials utilized in OECT biosensors. The application of OECTs for metabolite, ion, neuromorphic, electrophysiological, and virus sensing as well as immunosensing is reported, detailing the breadth and scope of OECT‐based biosensors. Furthermore, an outlook and perspective on synthetic molecular design of future channel materials, specifically designed for OECT biosensors, is provided. The development of optimized channel materials, creative device architectures, and operational nuances will set the stage for OECT‐based biosensors to thrive and accelerate their clinical prevalence in the near future.
A Bottom‐Electrode Contact: The Most Suitable Structure for Graphene Electronics
Authors: Cha Jongin , Son Jangyup , Hong Jongill
Published: January 2022

The high contact resistivity of graphene, which is caused by its low density of states (DOS) at the Dirac point, is a major restriction for realizing low‐voltage, high‐speed graphene electronics. The bottom‐electrode contact is known to have a lower contact resistivity than the top‐electrode contact for graphene devices. However, it is not studied extensively enough to confirm its validity. Here, the contact resistivity of graphene on Pt as a bottom‐electrode in single‐layer graphene field‐effect transistors is investigated and its extremely low contact resistivity whose value is cross‐checked with various methods is successfully demonstrated. The absence of a significant difference in resistance measured by two‐probe and four‐probe methods indicates that the contact resistivity is insignificant. This extremely low resistivity (as low as 2.82 Ω µm), achieved without additional processes, such as doping or creation of artificial edges, is attributed to enhanced DOS in graphene edges with the bottom‐electrode contact. Unlike other reports, the contact resistivity remains constant with the increase in width of graphene‐metal contact, and it is lowest at the Dirac point, and this is the evidence of the current flowing along graphene edges. All observations strongly suggest that the bottom‐electrode contact is the most suitable structure for graphene electronics.
Single‐Crystalline Organic One‐Dimensional Microarrays toward High‐Performing Phototransistors
Authors: Deng Xin , Zhang Yu , Guo Yangwu , Li Xinyi , Yang Shuyuan , Zhu Xiaoting , Gao Hanfei , Feng Jiangang , Wu Yuchen , Jiang Lei
Published: January 2022

Organic phototransistors (OPTs) with the ability to convert light signals into electrical signals have drawn attention for a variety of potential multifunctional applications, such as images, night vision, and optical communications, because of their advantages including designable molecular structures and low‐cost and large‐area fabrication. However, the performances of OPTs are hampered by organic semiconducting architectures with low crystallinity, random crystallographic orientation, and stochastic position arising from the uncontrollable dewetting dynamics, which is detrimental to the transport of carriers and separation of excitons. In this work, a capillary‐bridge lithography strategy to fabricate 1D single‐crystal arrays with the feature of high crystallinity, strict alignment, and accurate positioning is utilized. Owing to the application periodical micropillars of the template with asymmetric wettability, capillary bridges with unidirectional dewetting behavior are achieved to fabricate large‐area single‐crystalline arrays with precise alignment and pure crystallographic orientation. As a result, encouraged by the high hole mobility of 13.52 cm2 V−1 s−1, high‐performance OPTs with photosensitivity up to 2.5 × 107, responsivity up to 8.8 × 104 A W−1, and specific detectivity up to 7.5 × 1015 Jones are constructed. This research provides a guide for patterning large‐area 1D single‐crystalline arrays toward various high‐performance multifunctional optoelectronic devices.