bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries through oxygen redox of cathode: From fundamentals to applications
Authors: Jiao Sichen , Li Quan , Xiong Xinyun , Yu Xiqian , Li Hong , Chen Liquan , Huang Xuejie
Published: August 2022

Constructions of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) largely rely on the breakthrough of cathode materials. In contrast to conventional layered oxide cathodes (LiTMO2, TM denotes transition metal), invoking oxygen redox by increasing the chemical ratio of Li/O in oxide cathode can further boost the development of new types of high-capacity cathodes which theoretically enable the realization of LIBs of above 400 Wh/kg and are even attainable for 600 Wh/kg, meeting the future demands of various application scenarios for high energy density, such as electrical aircraft. However, the revolution of high-capacity cathodes is far from the realistic elevation of cell-level energy density and their practical applications in LIBs, which involves the considerations of other indispensable metrics in terms of both materials and technologies. Therefore, in this perspective, an in-depth discussion from fundamentals to applications of oxygen-based cathode materials is provided. First, we briefly summarized the representative investigations on oxygen redox mechanisms. Moreover, intrinsic properties of materials based on oxygen redox are multidimensionally evaluated. Furthermore, cell-level gravimetric energy density, potentials for practical applications, and possible design strategies are critically analyzed.
Gaseous transport properties of the ground and excited Cr, Co, and Ni cations in He: Ab initio study of electronic state chromatography
Authors: Buchachenko Alexei A. , Visentin Giorgio , Viehland Larry A.
Published: August 2022

The electronic state chromatography (ESC) effect allows the differentiation of ions in their ground and metastable states by their gaseous mobilities in the limit of low electrostatic fields. It is investigated here by means of accurate transport calculations with ab initio ion–atom potentials for the Cr, Co, and Ni cations in He buffer gas near room temperature. The values for the open-shell ions in degenerate states are shown to be well approximated by using the single isotropic interaction potential. Minimalistic implementation of the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method is enough to describe the zero-field transport properties of metastable ions in the 3dm−14s configuration, such as Cr+(a6D), Co+(a5F), and Ni+(4F), due to their weak and almost isotropic interaction with He atom and the low sensitivity of the measured mobilities to the potential well region. By contrast, interactions involving the ions in the ground 3dm states, such as Cr+(a6S), Co+(a3F), and Ni+(2D), are strong and anisotropic; the MRCI potentials poorly describe their transport coefficients. Even the coupled cluster with singles, doubles, and non-iterative triples approach taking into account vectorial spin–orbit coupling may not be accurate enough, as shown here for Ni+(2D). The sensitivity of ion mobility and the ESC effect to interaction potentials, similarities in ion–He interactions of the studied ions in distinct configurations, accuracy and possible improvements of the ab initio schemes, and control of the ESC effect by macroscopic parameters are discussed. Extensive sets of improved interaction potentials and transport data are generated.
Two interaction surfaces between XPA and RPA organize the preincision complex in nucleotide excision repair
Authors: Kim Mihyun , Kim Hyun-Suk , D’Souza Areetha , Gallagher Kaitlyn , Jeong Eunwoo , Topolska-Woś Agnieszka , Ogorodnik Le Meur Kateryna , Tsai Chi-Lin , Tsai Miaw-Sheue , Kee Minyong , Tainer John A. , Yeo Jung-Eun , Chazin Walter J. , Schärer Orlando D.
Published: August 2022

The xeroderma pigmentosum protein A (XPA) and replication protein A (RPA) proteins fulfill essential roles in the assembly of the preincision complex in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. We have previously characterized the two interaction sites, one between the XPA N-terminal (XPA-N) disordered domain and the RPA32 C-terminal domain (RPA32C), and the other with the XPA DNA binding domain (DBD) and the RPA70AB DBDs. Here, we show that XPA mutations that inhibit the physical interaction in either site reduce NER activity in biochemical and cellular systems. Combining mutations in the two sites leads to an additive inhibition of NER, implying that they fulfill distinct roles. Our data suggest a model in which the interaction between XPA-N and RPA32C is important for the initial association of XPA with NER complexes, while the interaction between XPA DBD and RPA70AB is needed for structural organization of the complex to license the dual incision reaction. Integrative structural models of complexes of XPA and RPA bound to single-stranded/double-stranded DNA (ss/dsDNA) junction substrates that mimic the NER bubble reveal key features of the architecture of XPA and RPA in the preincision complex. Most critical among these is that the shape of the NER bubble is far from colinear as depicted in current models, but rather the two strands of unwound DNA must assume a U-shape with the two ss/dsDNA junctions localized in close proximity. Our data suggest that the interaction between XPA and RPA70 is key for the organization of the NER preincision complex.
Generic naked singularities in Vaidya spacetimes
Authors: Wheeler James
Published: August 2022

We investigate the occurrence of naked singularities, local and global, in the incoming Vaidya spacetimes with zero initial mass. While it is well-known that these spacetimes admit locally and globally naked singularities, we demonstrate that globally naked singularities are significantly more common than is stressed in the literature, being generic in a natural topology on this collection of spacetimes. A heuristic consequence of the results is that the slow accumulation of mass is both necessary and sufficient for both types of naked singularity in these spacetimes. We demonstrate that the naked singularity, as long as it exists, always has divergent curvature (Kretschmann scalar) associated to it along emerging null curves, regardless of the form of the mass function. In particular, a consequence is that the curvature strength of the singularity cannot be smoothed away.
Noise-tolerant object detection and ranging using quantum correlations
Authors: Kuniyil Hashir , Ozel Helin , Yilmaz Hasan , Durak Kadir
Published: August 2022

Imaging, detection and ranging of objects in the presence of significant background noise is a fundamental challenge in optical sensing. Overcoming the limitations imposed in conventional methods, quantum light sources show higher resistance against noise in a time-correlation-based quantum illumination. Here, we introduce the advantage of using not only time correlations but also polarization correlations in photon pairs in the detection of an object that is embedded in a noisy background. In this direction, a time- and polarization-correlated photon pair source using the spontaneous parametric down-conversion process is exploited. We found that the joint measurement of correlated pairs allows distinguishing the signal from the noise photons and that leads to an improved signal-to-noise ratio. Our comparative study revealed that using polarization correlations in addition to time correlations provides improved noise rejection. Furthermore, we show that polarization correlation allows undoing the detector limitation where high background often leads to detector saturation.
Systematic Literature Review of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Laboratory Testing Practices and Incidence in United States Infants and Children <5 Years of Age
Authors: Movva Naimisha , Suh Mina , Bylsma Lauren C , Fryzek Jon P , Nelson Christopher B
Published: August 2022

Background

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause serious illness in those aged <5 years in the United States, but uncertainty remains around which populations receive RSV testing. We conducted a systematic literature review of RSV testing patterns in studies published from 2000 to 2021.

Methods

Studies of RSV, medically attended RSV lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and bronchiolitis were identified using standard methodology. Outcomes were clinical decisions to test for RSV, testing frequency, and testing incidence proportions in inpatient (IP), emergency department (ED), outpatient (OP), and urgent care settings.

Results

Eighty good-/fair-quality studies, which reported data from the period 1988–2020, were identified. Twenty-seven described the clinical decision to test, which varied across and within settings. Two studies reported RSV testing frequency for multiple settings, with higher testing proportions in IP (n = 2, range: 83%–85%, 1996–2009) compared with ED (n = 1, 25%, 2006–2009) and OP (n = 2, 15%–25%, 1996–2009). Higher RSV testing incidence proportions were observed among LRTI infant populations in the ED (n = 1, 74%, 2007–2008) and OP (n = 2, 54%–69%, 1995–2008). Incidence proportions in LRTI populations were not consistently higher in the IP setting (n = 13). Across studies and time, there was heterogeneity in RSV testing patterns, which may reflect varying detection methods, populations, locations, time periods, and healthcare settings.

Conclusions

Not all infants and children with LRTI are tested for RSV, highlighting underestimation of RSV burden across all settings.
Assisted Partner Services for People Who Inject Drugs: Index Characteristics Associated With Untreated HIV in Partners
Authors: Tseng Ashley S. , Sambai Betsy , Monroe-Wise Aliza , Mbogo Loice W. , Ludwig-Barron Natasha T. , Masyuko Sarah J. , Chohan Bhavna H. , Scott John D. , Sinkele William , Herbeck Joshua T. , Farquhar Carey , Guthrie Brandon L.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Assisted partner services (APSs) is a feasible, acceptable, and effective strategy that increases uptake of HIV testing; however, it has not been used widely among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Africa to notify sexual and injecting partners of potential exposures to HIV and provide testing services.

Setting:

Nairobi, Kilifi, and Mombasa counties in Kenya.

Methods:

PWID living with HIV (indexes) were enrolled and asked to provide contact information for sexual and injecting partners who were traced and offered HIV testing. APS efficiency was assessed by the number of indexes needed to interview (NNTI) to find 1 additional partner who was unaware of their HIV status or not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We defined index participant characteristics associated with greater efficiency, defined as lower NNTIs.

Results:

Among 783 indexes, the NNTI to identify one partner unaware of their HIV status was 7.1 and to identify one HIV-positive partner not on ART (regardless of status awareness) was 4.1. APS was provided to 977 partners and was more efficient in identifying partners who were not on ART (n = 201) among indexes who were female (NNTI = 2.9 vs. 5.7, P < 0.001), unaware of their HIV status (NNTI = 2.2 vs. 4.2, P = 0.009), not on ART (NNTI = 2.1 vs. 4.9; P < 0.001), not enrolled in a methadone program (NNTI = 3.3 vs. 10.4, P < 0.001), reported injecting <5 years (NNTI = 3.3 vs. 5.0; P = 0.005), or from Nairobi (NNTI = 3.2 vs. 5.6, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Scaling up APS among PWID living with HIV with certain characteristics could result in more efficient APS and greater partner engagement in HIV care.
Prevalence and Association of Basal Ganglia Calcifications and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia
Authors: Golüke Nienke M.S. , Koek Huiberdina L. , Houter Elles M. , de Brouwer Esther J.M. , Claus Jules J. , Staekenborg Salka S. , Emmelot-Vonk Mariëlle H. , de Jong Pim A. , de Jonghe Annemarieke
Published: August 2022

Aim:

The aim of this study is to investigate the association between basal ganglia calcification (BGC) and depressive symptoms within older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.

Methods:

For this cross-sectional study, we included patients with MCI or dementia who visited the memory clinic between April 2009 and April 2015. All patients underwent a standard diagnostic workup, including assessment of depressive symptoms with the Geriatric Depression Scale and computed tomography imaging of the brain. Computed tomography scans were assessed for presence and severity of BGC. To analyse the association between BGC and depressive symptoms, binary logistic regression models were performed with adjustment for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular diseases.

Results:

In total, 1054 patients were included (median age: 81.0 y; 39% male). BGC was present in 44% of the patients, of which 20% was classified as mild, 20% as moderate, and 4% as severe. There were 223 patients (21%) who had a Geriatric Depression Scale score indicative of depressive symptoms. No association was found between the presence or severity of BGC and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions:

Although both BGC and depressive symptoms were common in patients with MCI or dementia, no association was demonstrated between the presence or severity of BGC and depressive symptoms.
British teachers' knowledge and awareness of Tourette syndrome in children attending mainstream school
Authors: Ludlow Amanda K. , Cutler Alison , Keville Saskia
Published: August 2022

Mainstream primary and secondary schools are increasingly committed to the inclusion of students with Tourette Syndrome (TS). This qualitative study explores teachers' perceptions of factors that have contributed to, or hindered, their success in creating an inclusive environment for children with Tourette Syndrome (TS). Eight teachers (two males, six females) from mainstream primary and secondary schools in the United Kingdom (UK) took part in semi‐structured interviews to ascertain their knowledge, training and experience of TS during their professional careers in the UK. Thematic analysis of the transcripts revealed three main themes: teachers' lack of real knowledge and awareness of TS; training provision and marginalisation of TS; and finding solutions and building alliances. Although many of the teachers described their mainstream school as an inclusive environment, many still believed they lacked the professional training to adequately understand the disorder. By enhancing teacher training related to TS, improvements may be seen in the communications between the teachers and parents, and opportunities to educate children and the wider community will also result in a more inclusive environment, reducing specific and generic stressors for children with TS.
Life beyond alpha‐thalassaemia: We are moving forward
Authors: Torti Lorenza
Published: August 2022

In the not so distant past, pregnancy in thalassaemia patients was considered a very high risk and often not recommended. The results regarding alpha‐thalassaemia and in particular haemoglobin H disease by Srimeuniwai and colleagues are very encouraging. Nowadays thalassaemic women not only become pregnant, but maternal outcome is not decreased compared to controls.

Commentary on: Ake‐sittipaisarn, et al. Outcomes of pregnancies complicated by haemoglobin H‐Constant Spring and deletional haemoglobin H disease: A retrospective cohort study. Br J Haematol 2022;199:122–129.
Complexity analysis of head movements in autistic toddlers
Authors: Krishnappa Babu Pradeep Raj , Di Martino J. Matias , Chang Zhuoqing , Perochon Sam , Aiello Rachel , Carpenter Kimberly L.H. , Compton Scott , Davis Naomi , Franz Lauren , Espinosa Steven , Flowers Jacqueline , Dawson Geraldine , Sapiro Guillermo
Published: August 2022

Background

Early differences in sensorimotor functioning have been documented in young autistic children and infants who are later diagnosed with autism. Previous research has demonstrated that autistic toddlers exhibit more frequent head movement when viewing dynamic audiovisual stimuli, compared to neurotypical toddlers. To further explore this behavioral characteristic, in this study, computer vision (CV) analysis was used to measure several aspects of head movement dynamics of autistic and neurotypical toddlers while they watched a set of brief movies with social and nonsocial content presented on a tablet.

Methods

Data were collected from 457 toddlers, 17–36 months old, during their well‐child visit to four pediatric primary care clinics. Forty‐one toddlers were subsequently diagnosed with autism. An application (app) displayed several brief movies on a tablet, and the toddlers watched these movies while sitting on their caregiver's lap. The front‐facing camera in the tablet recorded the toddlers' behavioral responses. CV was used to measure the participants' head movement rate, movement acceleration, and complexity using multiscale entropy.

Results

Autistic toddlers exhibited significantly higher rate, acceleration, and complexity in their head movements while watching the movies compared to neurotypical toddlers, regardless of the type of movie content (social vs. nonsocial). The combined features of head movement acceleration and complexity reliably distinguished the autistic and neurotypical toddlers.

Conclusions

Autistic toddlers exhibit differences in their head movement dynamics when viewing audiovisual stimuli. Higher complexity of their head movements suggests that their movements were less predictable and less stable compared to neurotypical toddlers. CV offers a scalable means of detecting subtle differences in head movement dynamics, which may be helpful in identifying early behaviors associated with autism and providing insight into the nature of sensorimotor differences associated with autism.
RBD-VLP Vaccines Adjuvanted with Alum or SWE Protect K18-hACE2 Mice against SARS-CoV-2 VOC Challenge
Authors: Wong Ting Y. , Russ Brynnan P. , Lee Katherine S. , Miller Olivia A. , Kang Jason , Cooper Melissa , Winters Michael T. , Rodriguez-Aponte Sergio A. , Dalvie Neil C. , Johnston Ryan S. , Rader Nathaniel A. , Wong Zeriel Y. , Cyphert Holly A. , Martinez Ivan , Shaligram Umesh , Batwal Saurabh , Lothe Rakesh , Chandrasekaran Rahul , Nagar Gaurav , Rajurkar Meghraj , Rao Harish , Bevere Justin R. , Barbier Mariette , Love J. Christopher , Damron F. Heath
Published: August 2022

Global COVID-19 vaccine distribution to low-income countries has been a major challenge of the pandemic. To address supply chain issues, RBD virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines that are cost-effective and capable of large-scale production were developed and evaluated for efficacy in preclinical mouse studies.
Modeling Fast Charge Protocols to Prevent Lithium Plating in a Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Lee Dongcheul , Kim Byungmook , Shin Chee Burm
Published: August 2022

This paper describes a methodology to quantitatively devise a fast charge protocol to prevent lithium plating in a lithium-ion battery (LIB) cell. A lithium plating line was derived by detecting a voltage plateau that occurred during charging with a high current by differential voltage analysis (DVA). To account for the safe effects at a certain margin from the lithium plating line during fast charge, the novel index was expressed as a margin of safety (MS). Two-dimensional modeling was then performed to predict the charge curves and thermal distributions of LIB cell during various conditions according to the margin of safety. To validate the modeling approach for the design of the fast charge protocol, cycling tests were performed under five fast charge protocols and discharge. The higher the MS of the fast charge protocol, the better the performance and lifetime impact of the LIB cell.
Cecília Meireles e Sarojini Naidu: rouxinóis do Brasil e da Índia
Authors: Reis Ana Amélia Neubern Batista dos
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a conferência ministrada por Cecília Meireles sobre a poeta indiana Sarojini Naidu. A partir dos estudos sobre obra de Cecília Meireles em relação com a Índia, propõe-se que sua obra possibilita um deslocamento do pensamento brasileiro, centrado na tradição europeia, para estabelecer diálogo com um país que, assim como o Brasil, é marcado pela história colonial, o que pode contribuir para a reflexão sobre a própria realidade brasileira. Além disso, o estudo escrito por Cecília permite sugerir que os acontecimentos ocorridos na Índia no final da década de 1940, especialmente, em 1947, ano da independência, 1948, morte de Gandhi e 1949, morte de Sarojini, contribuíram para a construção do imaginário poético da autora durante o processo de pesquisa e de escrita do Romanceiro da Inconfidência. Por fim, pretendeu-se mostrar como a obra de Sarojini Naidu, a partir do vínculo com a estética tradicional hindu, rasa, foi essencialmente política e importante para seu momento histórico na luta pela independência da Índia.
Um rio cai
Authors: Ferreira Douglas
Published: August 2022

Poema de Douglas Ferreira de Oliveira Thomaz.
50 anos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura Brasileira da FFLCH – USP
Authors: Angelozzi Amanda , Enabe Cláudia Ayumi , Santos Fernando Borsato dos
Published: August 2022

Esta seção tem como finalidade difundir – e desenvolver – em novos círculos, registros e suportes a iniciativa de recuperação da memória do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura Brasileira da FFLCH-USP, que surgiu no processo de organização do evento em comemoração aos 50 anos do PPGLB, em 2021. A seção inicia com um texto de apresentação em que são exibidas algumas informações coletadas sobre a história do PPGLB e em que são discutidos alguns aspectos da idealização do evento. Em seguida, quatro depoimentos de professores sobre suas vivências nos momentos iniciais dessa história: Alcides Villaça, Flávio Wolf de Aguiar, Luiz Roncari e Nádia Battella Gotlib.
Cecília Meireles: a obra no tempo
Authors: Maria Neto Mariana Carlos , Mendes Mariana Diniz , Resende Paola , Begname Sara
Published: August 2022

Editorial
Characterization of the nutlet morpho-anatomical features of 12 Stachys taxa (Lamiaceae) from Turkey and its systematic practice
Authors: KARAİSMAİLOĞLU MEHMET CENGİZ , GÜNER ÖZAL , AKÇİÇEK EKREM
Published: August 2022

This study contains the nutlet morpho-anatomical characters of 12 taxa, 9 of which  are endemic, belonging to subsection Multibracteolatae of section Fragilicaulis of the genus Stachys from Turkey in a systematical context with utilizing cluster and principal component analyses. Morphological characteristics such as the shape, color, size, surfaces and microstructures of the nutlets have been examined with using light and scanning electron microscopes. Anatomically, the structures and thicknesses of the pericarp have been  investigated. The consequences have disclosed that the taxa are macro-morphologically different from each other in terms of shape, color, size, presence of wings and trichomes of nutlets. Nutlet sizes range from 2.23 mm to 3.43 mm in length, and from 1.25 mm to 2.22 mm in width. As, S. laetivirens and S. megalodonta subsp. megalodonta are of the largest nutlets, S. megalodonta subsp. mardinensis and S. mardinensis have the smallest nutlets. Unlike the other taxa examined, S. megalodonta subsp. mardinensis and S. baytopiorum bear wing on the nutlet. Also, S. megalodonta subsp. megalodonta is unique with non-glandular trichomes on nutlet among the examined taxa. Nutlet surface ornamentation is clustered into 6 types: reticulate, reticulate-areolate, scalariform, verrucate, alveolate and reticulate-foveate. The most common type is reticulate, while scalariform, alveolate and reticulate-foveate ornamentation types are noticed as taxon-specific. Anatomically, the structure and thickness of the pericarp and its parts are the significant characters that reveal inter-specific correlations among the examined taxa. A diagnostic key is offered for the recognition of the studied taxa based on the nutlet characters.
Xanthosoma gratiae (Araceae), a new species from the cordillera Chongón-Colonche in coastal Ecuador
Authors: CORNEJO XAVIER , CROAT TOM
Published: August 2022

Xanthosoma gratiae, a new species of Araceae endemic to the seasonally dry forests of cordillera Chongón-Colonche in coastal Ecuador, is here formally described and illustrated.
Automated Quality Control of AERONET-OC LWN Data
Authors: Zibordi Giuseppe , D’Alimonte Davide , Kajiyama Tamito
Published: August 2022

Quality control (QC) practices are a fundamental requirement for any measurement program targeting the delivery of high-quality data. In agreement with such a need, the Ocean Color component of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET-OC) includes a number of QC steps ensuring the delivery of normalized water-leaving radiance LWN spectra at incremental accuracy levels identified as level 1.0, level 1.5, and level 2.0. Currently, the final QC step allowing for rising level 1.5 LWN spectra to level 2.0 implies the execution of an expert-based procedure, which is extremely time consuming and naturally undergoes subjective decisions on dubious cases. These limitations solicited the development of an automated procedure, so-called , mimicking the steps supporting an expert analyst during the final QC of AERONET-OC LWN spectra. applies hierarchical tests to check (i) the relative consistency of level 1.5 LWN spectra (called candidates) with respect to LWN reference spectra (called prototypes) constructed using LWN spectra formerly and independently quality controlled; (ii) the absence of any pronounced spectral feature in portions of each LWN candidate spectrum expected to exhibit a regular shape; and additionally, when applicable, (iii) the temporal consistency of the LWN candidate spectrum with respect to close-in-time spectra as a criterion to further strengthen the quality of data. performance has been verified using LWN spectra from AERONET-OC measurement sites representative of various water types embracing oligotrophic/mesotrophic waters dominated by chlorophyll-a concentration and coastal waters exhibiting increasing levels of optical complexity. has shown an acceptance rate of AERONET-OC level 1.5 LWN candidate spectra varying between approximately 89% and 93% with agreement in the range of 88%–93% with respect to the LWN spectra independently quality controlled through the expert-based procedure. The additional capability of to rank the fully quality-controlled LWN spectra combining weights depending on the various tests, anticipates the possibility to best support applications with diverse accuracy needs. Finally, acceptance rates of for LWN prototype spectra built using level 1.5 data, an alternative to fully quality-controlled level 2.0, have shown values generally increased by less than 1%. This indicates the possibility to lessen the constraint implying the existence of reference level 2.0 LWN data for the relative-consistency test at the expense of a fairly low reduction in accuracy.
Factors associated with limitations in daily life and at work in a population with shoulder pain
Authors: Godeau Diane , Fadel Marc , Descatha Alexis
Published: August 2022

Background

Shoulder pain, which is a widespread condition, can lead to participation restrictions in daily and professional life. However, there are few studies focusing on the differences between daily life limitations and work limitations. This study aims at identifying the factors associated with limitations in personal and professional life in a population of working age suffering from shoulder pain.

Methods

A sample of working age job seekers and workers with shoulder pain was drawn from the last general population cross-sectional French study on disability. Limitations were categorized depending on whether they related to daily life and/or work. The variables assessed were age, sex, state of health, activity restrictions, need for accommodation, and aggravating living conditions or aggravating working conditions. Separate Quasi-Poisson regressions were performed for each type of limitation.

Results

The sample consisted of 795 individuals of which 33.7% had no limitation, 21.7% were limited in daily life, 6.0% at work, and 38.6% in both. Factors significantly associated with daily life limitations and work limitations and their computed Prevalence Ratios (PR) were the need for accommodation (PR = 2.16), activity restrictions (PR = 2.28), perceived poor health (PR = 2.42) and low income (PR = 1.64). Aggravating living conditions and aggravating working conditions were associated with daily life limitations (PR of 1.69 and 0.63 respectively).

Conclusions

The present study identifies factors associated with disability in a population with shoulder pain. Further research should be carried out in order to study health-related periods of cessation of work.
Implementing screening for hypertension in archetypal HIV primary care: a mixed-methods assessment
Authors: Buzaalirwa Lydia , Nambala Lydia , Banturaki Grace , Amor Penninah Iutung , Katahoire Anne , Geng Elvin , Semeere Aggrey
Published: August 2022

Background

High prevalence of HIV and hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa puts adults living with HIV (ALWH) at high risk of end-organ complications. Both World Health Organization (WHO) and national guidelines recommend screening and treatment of hypertension among ALWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the implementation of hypertension screening among adults on ART at three Uganda Cares Primary care facilities.

Methods

Using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, we reviewed patient records, and interviewed both patients and providers during 2018 and 2019. We obtained demographics, clinical and blood pressure (BP) measurements via records review. We estimate the period prevalence of screening and use adjusted modified Poisson regression models to evaluate predictors of screening. In-depth interviews were analysed using a thematic approach to explain the observed prevalence and predictors of BP screening.

Results

Records for 1426 ALWH were reviewed. Patients had a median age of 35 years and 65% of them were female. Most were on ART (89% on first-line) with a median duration of 4 years. Only 262 (18%) were overweight or obese with a body mass index (BMI) > 25 Kg/M2. In 2017 or 2018 patients made a median of 3 visits and 783 patients had a BP recorded, hence a period prevalence 55%. Older age, male sex, more clinic visits, and clinic site were associated with screening in the adjusted analyses. Erratic BP screening was corroborated by patients’ and providers’ interviews. Challenges included; high patient numbers, low staffing, provider apathy, no access to treatment, and lack of functioning of BP equipment.

Conclusion

Almost half of regular HIV clinic attendees at these prototypical primary care HIV clinics were not screened for hypertension for a whole year. Improving BP screening requires attention to address modifiable challenges and ensure local buy-in beyond just providing equipment.
Efficacy and safety of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR agents in metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Qian , Wang Huan , Zhang Suqin , Zeng Yifei , Yang Wei , Pan Wenjun , Hong Guodai , Gao Wenbin
Published: August 2022

Background

To date, the optimal treatment for potentially resectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients has yet to be determined. Encouraging results have been reported in studies exploring the efficacy of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) target agents. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents.

Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from December 2004 to October 2021 for studies examining the efficacy of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents in mCRC patients. The primary outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR) and R0 resection rate (R0RR), and the secondary outcomes were median progression-free survival (mPFS), median overall survival (mOS), and toxicity. Data were analyzed with R software 4.1.2.

Results

Fourteen studies comprising 762 patients with mCRC were included in this meta-analysis. Analysis with a random effects model revealed that after treatment with triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents, the pooled ORR was 82% (95% CI= 76–88%, I2= 76%), and the pooled R0RR of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) was 59% (95% CI= 49–68%, I2= 60%). The mPFS ranged from 9.5 to 17.8 months, and the mOS ranged from 24.7 to 62.5 months. A total of 648 grade 3 or 4 adverse events were reported; the most commonly reported events were diarrhea (174/648), neutropenia (157/648), and skin toxicity (95/648), which had pooled prevalence rates of 29% (95% CI= 20–39%, I2= 84%), 28% (95% CI= 20–37%, I2= 77%), and 17% (95% CI= 11–24%, I2= 66%), respectively.

Conclusions

Triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR agents therapy seems to be capable of increasing the ORR of mCRC patients and the R0RR of CLM patients. The toxicity of this treatment is manageable. High-quality randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies are required for further validation.
An examination of the medicalization and pharmaceuticalization processes of anxiety and depressive disorders in Belgium between 2004 and 2013: how may both disorders be intertwined?
Authors: Kilian Van Looy , de Velde Sarah Van
Published: August 2022

Background

While medicalization and pharmaceuticalization trends of feelings of anxiety and depression have been described in great detail, an empirical examination of these trends is to date lacking. The current study fills this gap in the literature by mapping the use of psychotropic medicines for feelings of anxiety and depression between 2004 and 2013 in Belgium, as well as by examining whether a social gradient might act as a mediator.

Methods

We analyzed data from three repeated cross-sectional waves (2004, 2008, and 2013) of the Belgian National Health Interview Survey (HIS). Multinomial logistic regression was applied to estimate odds in psychotropic drugs use over the observed period.

Results

Using an ideal-typical distinction between traditional anxiety drugs (psycholeptics) and depression drugs (psychoanaleptics), we found that treatment methods for feelings of anxiety and depression were converging. Persons having feelings of anxiety consumed less psycholeptic drugs, in favor of psychoanaleptic drugs throughout the observed period. Moreover, these results were partially mediated by educational level. Persons with higher education were less likely to consume psychotropic drugs than those with lower education, suggesting a trend of demedicalization for feelings of anxiety and depression.

Limitations

Our study observes a limited period, makes use of an ideal typical distinction between psycholeptic and psychoanaleptic drugs, and measurements may be biased by response-bias due to psychotropic drugs use.

Conclusion

Our study shows that psycholeptics increasingly give way to psychoanaleptics in the treatment of both anxiety and depression, despite several scientists calling their effectiveness for both disorders into question.
Zoonoses and gold mining: A cross-sectional study to assess yellow fever immunization, Q fever, leptospirosis and leishmaniasis among the population working on illegal mining camps in French Guiana
Authors: Douine Maylis , Bonifay Timothée , Lambert Yann , Mutricy Louise , Galindo Muriel Suzanne , Godin Audrey , Bourhy Pascale , Picardeau Mathieu , Saout Mona , Demar Magalie , Sanna Alice , Mosnier Emilie , Blaizot Romain , Couppié Pierre , Nacher Mathieu , Adenis Antoine , Suarez-Mutis Martha , Vreden Stephen , Epelboin Loïc , Schaub Roxane
Published: August 2022

Background

Most emerging pathogens are zoonoses and have a wildlife origin. Anthropization and disruption of ecosystems favor the crossing of inter-species barriers. We hypothesize that the marginalized population of undocumented goldminers in the Amazon is at risk of acquiring zoonoses.

Method

A multicentric cross-sectional study included consenting gold-mining adult workers in 2019. A clinical examination recorded dermatological signs of leishmaniosis and past history of yellow fever vaccination. Biological tests were performed for yellow fever, Q fever and leptospirosis serologies. Additional blood samples from a previous study in 2015 were also tested for leptospirosis.

Results

In 2019, 380 individuals were included in the study, along with 407 samples from the 2015 biological collection. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 31.0% [95%CI = 26.4–35.5] in 2015 and 28.1% [23.5–32.7] in 2019. The seroprevalence of Q fever was 2.9% [1.2–4.6]. The majority of participants reported being vaccinated against yellow fever (93.6%) and 97.9% had seroneutralizing antibodies. The prevalence of suspected active mucocutaneous leishmaniasis was 2.4% [0.8–3.9].

Discussion

These unique data shed new light on the transmission cycles of zoonoses still poorly understood in the region. They support the existence of a wild cycle of leptospirosis but not of Q fever. Leishmaniasis prevalence was high because of life conditions and tree felling. High yellow fever vaccine coverage was reassuring in this endemic area. In the era of global health, special attention must be paid to these vulnerable populations in direct contact with the tropical ecosystem and away from the health care system.
Phonologische Kompetenz beim auditiven Dekodieren – ein konkretes Beispiel aus dem Bereich der Prosodie
Authors: Morf Miriam
Published: August 2022

Ausgehend von der Rolle des Hörverstehens im Fremdsprachenunterricht soll in diesem Beitrag die Bedeutung der phonologischen Kompetenz im Allgemeinen und die der Prosodie im Besonderen für die Erleichterung des auditiven Dekodierungsprozesses veranschaulicht werden. Anschließend wird die neue Skala der phonologischen Kontrolle im Begleitband des GER vorgestellt, die im Gegensatz zur bisherigen Skala auch die suprasegmentalen Aspekte der Sprache betont. Diese spielen in der rezeptiven Phase eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Zerlegung des Sprachstroms in kleinere Bedeutungseinheiten, die im Kurzzeitgedächtnis leichter zu verarbeiten sind und somit den Dekodierungsprozess unterstützen. Schließlich werden Mikro-Hörübungen vorgestellt, die mit authentischem Material erstellt wurden und die rezeptive prosodische Kompetenz in Deutsch als Fremdsprache fördern sollen.
Höflichkeit im Mikrokosmos eines Sanatoriums. Vergleich Russland-Österreich
Authors: Rathmayr Renate
Published: August 2022

In the context of contrastive pragmatics, some expressions of politeness in the special environment in a sanatorium are dealt with in this article. In particular these three forms: addressing and greeting known or unknown people, communicativeness, i. e. the convention of entering into a conversation with strangers or avoiding it, and gallantry, i.e. courteous non-verbal actions like holding a door open for those who follow, pushing a chair into position, clearing a place.

The study is based on participant observation during a 10-day stay in a health resort in the North Caucasus in the summer of 2018 and in Austrian facilities. Oral communication between the medical and other staff with the spa guests and communication between themselves, as well as written announcements and inscriptions of various kinds were analysed.

Austria in its self-image is a very polite and hospitable country, Russia perceives itself as very hospitable, but not particularly polite. The comparison of politeness in the microcosm of a sanatorium in the North Caucasus and similar institutions (health resorts / facilities) in Austria did not confirm the assumption of low politeness in Russia. In both cultures, a high level of courtesy and respect could be observed among the staff and among or towards the spa guests. It should also be noted that even if one hears repeatedly of the condescending or even suppressive treatment of members of Caucasian nationalities, in the microcosm of the sanatorium there was an equally respectful attitude towards everyone and no discrimination whatsoever was observed. Whether the findings in a spa facility in another part of Russia would be different still has to be the subject of further investigation.
The "Life" of st. Germogen, the arranger of Kirensk and Albazin monasteries. A unique document siberian hagiography of the mid-19th century
Authors: Pushkarev Vladimir
Published: August 2022

Hieromonk Hermogenes is one of the outstanding ascetics of the Russian Orthodox Church who carried out their ministry in Eastern Siberia. Two monasteries were founded here in the second half of the XVII century by his works. He was a good shepherd for the Russian first settlers of the Amur region, showing an example of Christian humility and piety. Immediately after the death of Hermogenes (1690), his popular veneration began, and in 1858 his life appeared.This is a handwritten text made up of two words spoken on the days of the memory of the righteous. In 1910, the manuscript was acquired by the Imperial Public Library. In this edition, for the first time, the full commented text of the Life is published. A preliminary analysis of this document made it possible to identify the sources used in its compilation and to establish the identity of the hagiographer. At the same time, a significant amount of historical facts contained in the text led to the preparation of a voluminous corpus of notes clarifying, supplementing or refuting this information. "The Life of St. Hermogenes" is a unique monument of Siberian hagiography of the middle of the XIX century. In addition to the obvious historical and cultural value, it is a convincing confirmation of the widespread popular veneration of Hermogenes in pre-revolutionary Russia and can serve as a good reason for his church glorification.
Demonstrar a ordem racional do mercado: reflexões em torno de um projeto impossível
Authors: GANEM ANGELA
Published: August 2022

RESUMO A abordagem walrasiana na teoria neoclássica visa explicar um equilíbrio geral e estável ao longo do tempo, que é determinado pelo comportamento maximizador dos agentes no mercado. Este artigo pretende destacar as principais deficiências lógicas inerentes à Teoria do Equilíbrio Geral, que têm implicações importantes no nível da pesquisa. Nesse contexto, as principais questões passam a ser: i) no nível das premissas, a questão da estabilidade introduz uma indeterminação fundamental no modelo; ii) as conhecidas imperfeições do mercado no mundo real contribuem para a impossibilidade de estabelecer princípios gerais. A busca para resolver os problemas por meio de uma abordagem mais realista gera novas indeterminações e dificulta ainda mais o Pareto Optimum. Para entender melhor as impossibilidades lógicas e metodológicas dessa teoria, o artigo sugere encaminhar o programa de pesquisa à filosofia construtivista racional dos tempos modernos.
Book Review: Stefania Marghitu, Teen TV (Oxford: Routledge, 2021)
Authors: Dolby Aidan
Published: August 2022

Stefania Marghitu, Teen TV (Oxford: Routledge, 2021), pp.246, ISBN: 9781138713895(pb), £29.99; ISBN: 9780415315852 (hb), £120; ISBN: 9781315229645 (ebook),£26.99.
Image Visualization and Proteoform Assignment of MALDI-MSI from LCMS Experimental Databases v1
Authors: J Degnan David
Published: August 2022

Scope: The protocol describes a workflow for processing mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data of high resolution intact proteins/proteoforms by MALDI. It involves the visualization and image generation using commercial software and also peak annotation using open source code. Expected Outcomes: Tabular output of matched proteoforms, as well as a trelliscope display of overlaid isotopic distributions allowing for the annotation of high-resolution accurate mass distributions of proteoforms.
Microbiological profile of diabetic foot infections and the detection of mecA gene in predominant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Karuppiah Ponmurugan , Raja Suresh S. S. , Poyil Muhammad Musthafa
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious health problem that is rapidly expanding worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium which has a number of drug resistant strains. Different variants of this pathogen have been isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers - in persons having uncontrolled blood sugar level - all over the world, resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic foot infections (DFIs). METHODS An epidemiological survey was conducted and 300 pus samples were collected from wounds, abscesses, skin and soft tissue lesions of patients having type II diabetes with foot ulcer infections at a tertiary care hospital. Further, the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of all the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were determined against methicillin, oxacillin, vancomycin and novobiocin.
RESULTS Pathogenic bacterial species including coagulase positive and coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Citrobacter sp. were identified, among which Staphylococcus was the main genus identified. A total of 13 (4.3%) isolates of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to methicillin. Using PCR, 7 (53.8%) staphylococcal isolates were detected with the mecA gene.
CONCLUSIONStaphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of DFIs. This study demonstrates that about 53.8% of all methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates have mecA genes. Such a finding is the primary step in understanding and tackling the resistance mechanism.
Morphologic Evaluation of the Glenoid Cavity on Dry Scapula
Authors: ÜLKİR Mehmet , SALMAN Necati , FARIMAZ Mine
Published: August 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the notch and shape variations of the glenoid cavity (GC), to emphasize its clinical importance, and compare it with the previous studies.
Material and Methods: This study was performed with 157 (78 right sides, 79 left sides) adult Anatolian dry scapulae. The GCs were typed as oval, pear, and inverted comma shaped and noted the number of GC notch.
Results: The most common GC shape was found as the pear shaped with 63 (80.8%) at the right side, 49 (62%) at the left side, and 112 (71.4%) in total. The second most common GC shape was found as oval shaped with 13 (16.6%) at the right side, 28 (35.5%) at the left side, and 41 (26.1%) in total. The glenoid notch was found at the right side, left side, and totally; 28 (35.9%), 19 (24.1%), and 47 (29.9%), respectively. All of the inverted comma shaped GCs had distinct glenoid notch, while the oval shaped GCs not. The pear shaped GCs had indistinct glenoid notch or no glenoid notch. The glenoid notch was found at the right side, left side, and totally on the pear shaped GC; 26 (41.3%), 17 (34.7%), and 43 (38.4%), respectively.
Conclusion: Pear shaped GC was found as the most (71.4%) common shape in this study. Forty-seven (29.9%) of the scapulae had a glenoid notch. The notch and shape variations of the GC are important and this study will contribute to anatomists, orthopedists, and radiologists from this perspective.
Dry Flower Technology in Intensifying Livelihood and Employment Generation: A Review
Authors: Mir Saima Rashid
Published: August 2022

Dry flowers have been used as commercial art for many years, with an immense business enterprise throughout the world. Beautifully arranged dried flowers may be a little bit pricier, but they are quite long-lasting and can last for many years. The dry flower industry is offering a big opportunity for the national economy in diversified dimensions by creating job opportunities and entrepreneurial development. Dry flowers are modest, extensive and hold their aesthetic worth regardless of the period. Air drying, press drying, embedded drying in desiccants, hot air oven drying, microwave oven drying, glycerine drying and skeletonization are among the techniques used to create dried appealing plant material. The dried flowers obtained using the aforementioned drying procedures can be used to make a variety of value-added products, including greeting cards, photo frames, tablemats, coasters, wall hangings, landscapes and different types of flower arrangements.