bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Conspiracy Thinking: Conspiracist Ideology as a Modern Phenomenon
Authors: Christoph Stefan
Published: November 2022

Conspiracism is a well‐known topos in the history of humankind. Cassius Dio wrote about it as did anti‐Judaic authors in the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, from the dawn of modernity until today, we have faced the rise of a new phenomenon. Pretty much on the eve of the French Revolution, conspiracists began to tell anti‐Catholic and anti‐masonic narratives down to the last detail. Jews, later on, became a recurring foe in those anti‐modernist narratives. Conspiracism managed successfully to incorporate other forms of anti‐modernism to form a fairly new form of thinking that I call “conspiracist ideology.” While Enlightenment was the setting in which this amalgamation could take place, conspiracist ideology and its intellectual roots were characterized by a deep rejection of enlightenment thinking. The dialectical nature of conspiracist ideology is what makes it interesting from a historical perspective, in particular for the history of ideas.
Asthma Exacerbations: The Genes Behind the Scenes
Authors: E Herrera-Luis , Forno E , Celedón JC , Pino-Yanes M
Published: November 2022

The clinical and socioeconomic burden of asthma exacerbations (AEs) constitutes a major public health problem. In the last 4 years, there has been an increase in ethnic diversity in candidate-gene and genome-wide association studies of AEs, which in the latter case led to the identification of novel genes and underlying pathobiological processes. Pharmacogenomics, admixture mapping analyses, and the combination of multiple “omics” layers have helped to prioritize genomic regions of interest and/or facilitated our understanding of the functional consequences of genetic variation. Nevertheless, the field still lags behind the genomics of asthma, where a vast compendium of genetic approaches has been used (eg, gene–environment interactions, next-generation sequencing, and polygenic risk scores). Furthermore, the roles of the DNA methylome and histone modifications in AEs have received little attention, and microRNA findings remain to be validated in independent studies. Likewise, the most recent transcriptomic studies highlight the importance of the host–airway microbiome interaction in the modulation of risk of AEs. Leveraging -omics and deep-phenotyping data from subtypes or homogenous subgroups of patients will be crucial if we are to overcome the inherent heterogeneity of AEs, boost the identification of potential therapeutic targets, and implement precision medicine approaches to AEs in clinical practice.
Height velocity and its relation with serum ferritin and pretransfusion haemoglobin in thalassemia patients: results from a tertiary center in Northeast India
Authors: Mahanta Bikashita , Nath Ananta Kumar , Biswanath Pranabjit
Published: November 2022

Background: ẞ-thalassemia syndromes are the commonest single gene disorders in the Indian population and growth failure remains a major concern among these patients.Methods: We studied the relation of height velocity with serum ferritin and pretransfusion hemoglobin in 30 transfusion dependent thalassemia patients aged 1-12 years attending our centre. The height measurements were taken every 6 months for one year. Serum ferritin was measured 3 monthly and pretransfusion hemoglobin was measured at each visit.Results: The prevalence of impaired height velocity in transfusion dependent thalassemics in our study was 56.67%. The mean pretransfusion hemoglobin was 7.8±1.065 g/dl and the mean serum ferritin level in our study was 2426±872 ng/ml. In thalassemia patients with height velocity < 3rd percentile mean serum ferritin level was 2637±892.84 ng/ml while the mean serum ferritin level in patients with height velocity >3rd percentile was 1875±564.007 ng/ml with a statistically significant relation (p=0.012). Although the mean pretransfusion hemoglobin in children with height velocity <3rd percentile was found to be lower compared to their counterparts with height velocity >3rd percentile (7.42±0.879 g/dl vs. 7.96±0.998 g/dl), this relation was found to be statistically insignificant (p value=0.127).Conclusions: Our study highlights that even though regular blood transfusions are essential in thalassemic patients, maintaining an optimal ferritin level is equally essential in influencing growth in these children.
The electrolyte abnormalities and duration of hospitalisation in children with gastroenteritis
Authors: Zehra Vaseefat Ul , Mir Naseer Yousuf , Memar Elmira Haji Esmail , Fayaz Aakifa
Published: November 2022

Background: Diarrhoea remains one of the major causes of death among infants significantly in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The major contributing factors for higher incidence and mortality rates are improper sanitation, unsafe drinking water, physiological conditions like malnutrition, weak immune system.Rotavirus is the major causative agent of diarrhoea in young children in developed and undeveloped countries. Electrolyte abnormalities is the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in younger children with acute gastroenteritis and increased mortality is seen in malnourished children. The common abnormalities associated with acute gastroenteritis are hyponatremia and hypokalaemia. The average duration of hospital stay is 2.5 days.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which studied 173 patients of acute gastroenteritis which have been admitted to the CMC, Tehran in 1 year. (June 2021-May2022).Results: In this study 173 patients were studied. 101 patients (58.4%) were infants, 55 patients (31.8%) were preschool children and 17 patients (9.8%) were older children. 70 patients (40.5%) were females and 103 patients (59.5%) were males. The most common electrolyte abnormality that was encountered in this study is hyponatremia (51.4%) >hypokalaemia (11.6%) >hypernatremia (6.9%) >hyperkalaemia (1.2%).Conclusions: The order of electrolyte abnormalities seen: Hyponatremia (51.4%), hypokalaemia (11.6%), hypernatremia (6.9%), hyperkalaemia (1.2%). Duration of hospitalisation is 1 day for majority of the patients and is high for patients with hyponatremia.
Clinico-etiological profile of children with seizures at a tertiary care centre in rural area in North India with special emphasis on “treatment gap”: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Mishra Namita , Shukla Amit
Published: November 2022

Background: Childhood seizures are common neurological disorder. There is paucity of studies on etiology of seizures with revised standard definitions and of studies highlighting the treatment gap, required to plan health care services in rural areas of developing countries with limited resources. Objectives were to study the clinical and etiological profile of children with seizures and treatment gap in outpatient department of tertiary care centre in rural area in Northern India.Methods: It was a retrospective observational study in which relevant data on clinical, etiological profile and treatment details collected from OPD records was analyzed,Results: Study population of 249 children with mean age 9.2 (4.6) years and 52% females was analyzed. Generalized seizure was most frequent seizure type (71.50%). Neurocysticercosis was most common etiology (45.8%). Neuroimaging was abnormal in 79% cases. There was treatment gap of 66% with 43% children not started on any antiepileptic drug. The 58% children were taken to local tantriks believing that seizure is due to evil spirit. Amongst children who were given antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (n=142), 86.6% were on monotherapy of which carbamazepine was most frequently prescribed drug (41%).Conclusions: The results of study would help to streamline the limited resources available for treatment and prevention of childhood seizures in the rural community and conduct socio culturally acceptable health campaigns to educate people about seizure and bridge the treatment gap.
Tomato flu-a tell-tale sign of another pandemic or just a benign manifestation of hand foot mouth disease
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Kumar Suman , Kumar Deepak
Published: November 2022

The world is still dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, but of a gentle variant. In the midst of the global crisis, in God's own land (Kerala), media highlighted cases of febrile illness similar to flu with red round skin lesions that bear a resemblance to tomatoes that have emerged in children younger than 5 years, known as tomato flu or tomato fever. It could be an aftereffect of chikungunya or dengue, rather than a new viral illness. Numerous reports claim that the tomato flu is truly a viral HFMD variant. Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common febrile illness characterised by a rash caused by enteroviruses, including Coxsackie A16 (CA16), EV A71, Coxsackie A6, Coxsackie B, and Echo viruses.
A confounding case of pancytopenia
Authors: C. Vignesh , K. Mahendra kumar
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis is one of the major health problems in the developing countries like India. Due to its nonspecific presentation, extra pulmonary TB is diagnosed at later stages.It is an important differential diagnosis for pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). A 54-year-old male came to hospital with complaints of fever, pain abdomen (on and off), easy fatiguability, reduced appetite, weight loss, breathlessness on exertion for 8 months who completely recovered after starting anti-tubercular therapy.
Scientific review committee-an experience from the desk of member-secretary
Authors: Misra Shobha
Published: November 2022

Writing a proper research proposal is the most important step in conducting a scientific study. Whether the researcher intends to submit the proposal to an ethical committee, research body or funding organization, it is vital that the proposal clearly states why the study is planned, how it is proposed to be conducted and the researcher’s commitment to its principles. The current study was carried out to find out common errors committed while submission of research protocol to the scientific review committee (SRC). In 2015, based on feedback and experience of experts in the field and to improve the scientific and technical content of the proposals received, institutional ethical committee for human research was divided into two sub-committees; SRC and institutional ethics committee. This article reports analysis of 100 proposals based on a checklist for submission and discussion during SRC meetings on errors committed. Top ten errors observed were: Incomplete annexure and missing permissions; imprecision and lack of scientific validity in aims and objectives; inappropriate or incomplete statistics; inappropriate; suboptimal instrumentation; lack of clarity on predictor and outcome variables; data collection procedures and analysis lacked completeness; title lacked accuracy and clarity; inappropriate study design; ethical requirements incomplete and sample too small or biased. All errors were reviewed and rectified. Constitution of a separate SRC was found to be effective in providing independent, competent and timely review of all the protocols submitted to it for their scientific merits and feasibility.
Knowledge and attitude towards denture adhesives- A survey on complete denture wearers a survey of use of denture adhesives by the denture wearers in Ludhiana city
Authors: Singla Hemant , Miglani Mohit , Taneja Neha , Gil Tarunpreet Kaur , Singh Harmandeep , Chawla Geetika
Published: November 2022

Denture adhesives have a long been recognized by the denture wearers as a useful adjunct to denture retention and stability. Many practitioners view adhesive usage as a reflection of lack of prosthetic expertise and poor clinical skills. A survey was conducted among complete denture wearers to explore their attitudes towards denture adhesives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge about denture adhesives among complete denture wearers indicated for use of denture adhesives visiting Dental Colleges in Ludhiana.

Patient questionnaire was prepared which consists of 12 questions which were easy for the patients to answer. The survey was conducted on 50 edentulous patients. The patient’s approval was obtained before participation and everything was explained to the patients in their native languages who were not able to understand the questions.

It was an observational study in which most of the patients were not using the adhesives for the retention and stability of the denture. About 44% of the patients were using adhesives. Those who were using the adhesives were satisfied with it. Majority of them got adapted to the new denture after the usage of the adhesives. About 56% were not using out of which majority of them were not advised. Those who were using they know the method how to use the adhesives.

In conclusion, this study have shown that the majority of the participants that hadn’t tried adhesives because they don’t required them and the participants that used denture adhesives on a regular basis do inform its efficacy.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E ELABORAÇÃO DE QUEIJO AZUL
Authors: Rufino Jose Venâncio de Abreu , Alexandre Lignalva Tamires Câmara , Silva Rikelyne Gonçalves , Barbosa Neila Mello dos Santos , Leite Mércia Aurélia Gonçalves
Published: November 2022

O leite é uma das commodities agropecuárias mais importantes do mundo, estando entre os 5 produtos mais comercializados. No Brasil, o consumo do leite e seus derivados, tem crescido consideravelmente, principalmente na área de queijarias. O Gorgonzola, por exemplo, foi inicialmente produzido de forma rústica nas cavernas calcárias naturais e sua origem pode estar relacionada com a produção de centeio, devido ao Penicillium roqueforti ser um contaminante natural e presente nessa região. Na década de 90, convencionou-se entre os países pertencentes ao Mercosul, que os queijos que imitassem o gorgonzola seriam chamados de “Queijos Azul”. A diferença entre queijo Azul e queijo tipo Gorgonzola, no Brasil, é apenas o tempo de maturação. Portanto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo produzir e avaliar a composição do queijo azul, bem como, a qualidade físico-química durante a produção e maturação. Dessa forma, foram realizados ensaios físico-químicos tanto no leite (nos quais, os resultados obtidos estavam de acordo com a IN 76/2018), quanto no queijo azul produzido. O queijo foi elaborado a partir do leite integral tipo A com 4% de gordura, cultura Penicillium roquefort e cultura láctea mista de bactérias Lactobacillus bulgaricus e Streptococcus thermophilus. Obteve-se um teor de 15,67 ± 0,32 para proteína, 31,75 ± 2,0 de lipídios, 2,12 ± 0,32 de carboidratos, 45,36 ± 2,0 de umidade, 5,41 ± 0,43 de cinzas, 54,65 ± 2,0 para sólidos totais e 58,22 ± 6,62 de gordura no extrato seco. De acordo com a IN 45/2007, o queijo produzido, foi caracterizado como um queijo gordo de média umidade. O teor de proteína, carboidrato e cinzas ficaram dentro do padrão para queijos maturados. Já o pH e a acidez acompanhados na maturação, apresentaram valores opostos ao esperado, mas nada que houvesse comprometimento da qualidade no produto final.

Palavras-chave: Leite, Queijo azul, Caracterização, físico-química.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E MODELAGEM PREDITIVA EM BEBIDA LÁCTEA FERMENTADA PROBIÓTICA ADICIONADA DE GELATINA DO PEIXE PESCADA AMARELA (Cynoscion acoupa)
Authors: Xavier Lívia , Felipe Peterson , Gonçalves Rikelyne , Mello Neila
Published: November 2022

A bebida láctea é uma opção atrativa para as indústrias uma vez que há o aproveitamento do soro de leite. De modo a agregar valor a este produto, surge a tendência de adicionar grupos funcionais à sua formulação, tais como os probióticos, e outros aditivos alimentares que garantam diferenciação a bebida. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir uma formulação da bebida láctea fermentada com probiótica acrescida de gelatina rica em nutrientes proveniente da pele do peixe pescada amarela (Cynoscion acoupa). A utilização da gelatina como agente emulsificante de baixo custo na produção de bebidas lácteas, fornece ao segmento alimentício uma nova formulação a base de produtos alternativos com subprodutos do pescado. Para a bebida láctea produzida foi utilizado leite UHT integral, açúcar refinado, soro do leite de vaca pasteurizado, gelatina de pescada amarela em pó e fermento lático probiótico (Lactobacillus casei). As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas segundo métodos analíticos oficiais, dessa forma, foi possível obter a composição da bebida com teor de umidade (81,66%), extrato seco total (18,34%), gordura (1,8%), proteínas (1,92%) e carboidratos (13,96%) e assim, sendo caracterizada como semidesnatada. Também foi realizado o controle microbiológico, onde foram obtidos resultados conformes de acordo com a legislação vigente, por fim, foi realizada a contagem de bactérias ácido láticas, tendo a quantidade mínima para caracterizar o produto como potencial probiótico durante os 36 dias de “shelf life” acompanhado. Foi possível estudar a modelagem matemática, a partir do software MicroFit em diferentes modelos preditivos, onde o modelo logístico teve o melhor ajuste aos dados experimentais segundo os parâmetros estatísticos estudados (R², fator exatidão, fator Bias e o erro médio quadrático)
The Impact of Talent Management Practices on Organizational and Human Resources Outcomes: A Study on Philippines Department Of Foreign Affairs Talent Management Practices
Authors: Cordero - Au Yeung Rie Sheena , Tiongson Marilyn
Published: November 2022

The study examined the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) talent management practices and whether its practices influence its organizational and human resources outcomes. The three independent variables are talent attraction, talent development, and talent retention, while the two dependent variables are organizational and human resources outcomes. Three hundred respondents answered a 43-item questionnaire. The Pearson's Correlation analysis results show significant positive relationships between organizational outcomes and (a) talent attraction, r=.734, N=300, p < 0.001; (b) talent development, r=.699, N=300, p < 0.001, and (c) talent retention, r=.748, N=300, p < 0.001. Likewise, the analysis showed that there are significant positive relationships between human resource outcomes and (a) talent attraction, r=.753, N=300, p < 0.001; (b) talent development, r=.765, N=300, p < 0.001, and (c) talent retention, r=.808, N=300, p < 0.001. The study revealed that talent attraction, development, and retention positively influence organizational and human resources outcomes. Talent Development is the primary strength of the Department with the highest weighted mean (WM:3.71; SD:0.78), followed by Talent Attraction (WM:3.56; SD:0.81) and talent retention (WM:3.27; SD:0.90).
The Challenges of The Society 5.0 Era: The Evaluation of Learning in Primary Education
Authors: Oktaviana Dina , Barizi Ahmad , Yaqin Mohamad Zubad Nurul
Published: November 2022

Learning evaluation is an important thing in influencing education in the digital era and in facing the era of society 5.0. This research aims to describe how the evaluation of learning towards education in facing the challenges of society 5.0 era. The type of research used is literature review, by collecting data or theoretical materials from various scientific journal references or previous research through 3 important processes. The data collection technique uses library research with sources from journals, scientific articles, and books. Data analysis techniques obtained from reference materials from books, journals and scientific articles are used to prove the data regarding evaluation in the 5.0 era which is expected to be able to provide comprehensive and in-depth facts about the form of evaluation in dealing with education in the era of society 5.0. The results show that learning evaluation is one of the major influences in the development of education that can be used as material in facing the era of society 5.0. Learning evaluation is also needed in every lesson to develop better learning designs so as to produce students who think critically and creatively in solving problems and are able to keep up with the times.
De nuevo, el derecho penal del enemigo: una necesidad para asegurar las condiciones de juridicidad
Authors: Camere Figueroa Elian Mauricio
Published: November 2022

En el presente trabajo se explican los fundamentos y puntos de partida del derecho penal del enemigo en sentido funcionalista. De esta forma, se busca desmitificar su contenido y evidenciar su potencial dogmático-práctico en diferentes tipos de la parte especial. Ejemplo de ello son los delitos de sicariato, conspiración y ofrecimiento al mismo, y el delito de feminicidio, que, bajo esta perspectiva, son expresiones del derecho penal del enemigo. Así, se intenta aplicar estos tipos penales de forma legítima, limitada y respetuosa de las garantías de toda persona en derecho.
El delito de obstrucción de la justicia: una visión crítica desde su reciente incorporación en la legislación ecuatoriana
Authors: León González Pablo A.
Published: November 2022

En el presente artículo se estudia el delito de obstrucción de la justicia, que fue incorporado recientemente en la legislación ecuatoriana, en el marco de un proyecto de ley que pretende combatir la corrupción. Se analizan los supuestos que requiere la norma y cada una de sus modalidades delictivas. Esto debido a que de la simple lectura del delito surgen algunos cuestionamientos sobre la correcta composición dogmática del tipo penal y su aplicación práctica. Así, se examina la deficiente técnica legislativa adoptada por el legislador y la especial composición en torno a la tutela judicial efectiva como bien jurídico protegido, que soluciona la discusión dogmática alrededor de su justificación. Todo ello se contrasta con el derecho comparado, que aporta buenos criterios útiles para remarcar diferencias, problemas y aciertos con respecto a este delito. Para lograr los objetivos del estudio se emplea una metodología inductiva y hermenéutica.
La extrafiscalidad del impuesto al carbono del sector transporte: una visión comparativa de Colombia y España durante el periodo de 2016-2019
Authors: Zamora Polo Tatiana Lucía
Published: November 2022

En 2015, con la firma del Acuerdo de París, el impuesto al carbono tuvo un desarrollo normativo importante junto con los compromisos que adoptaron los Estados para reducir emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero o con contenido de dióxido de carbono y óxido de nitrógeno. El objetivo principal de este estudio es identificar el efecto del impuesto al carbono del sector transporte en Colombia y España durante el periodo 2016-2019, a través del análisis del marco legal desde un punto de vista del derecho comparado, así como de la determinación del efecto de la política ambiental y tributaria en ambos Estados, dando paso a la comparación de resultados de la extra fiscalidad en el eco-tributo al carbono en estas naciones.
Gestión en el recaudo del impuesto predial en el municipio de Bolívar (Santander), a partir del Modelo de Gestor Catastral que pretende adoptar la Asociación de Municipios de la Provincia de Vélez
Authors: Barbosa Quiroga Astrith Betulia
Published: November 2022

El modelo de gestores catastrales, adoptado por la Ley 1955 de 2019, impone nuevos desafíos a los municipios colombianos. Desde la perspectiva organizativa surge, entre otras, la opción de que los entes territoriales se asocien para lograr la acreditación como gestores catastrales. Desde el punto de vista económico nace la necesidad de proveerse de los recursos necesarios para asumir el costo de la actualización catastral, bien sea al constituirse como gestor catastral o contratar a uno acreditado. A partir del caso del municipio de Bolívar (Santander) son exploradas las diversas oportunidades y dificultades a las que se ve abocado un municipio pequeño para adelantar la actualización catastral y se realiza un estudio del eventual impacto, desde el referente del recaudo del impuesto predial unificado.
“Stories of Making and Unmaking”: Deep Time and the Anthropocene in New Nature Writing
Authors: Player Amy
Published: November 2022

New Nature Writing reflects many of the anxieties which are becoming increasingly prevalent in the Anthropocene, an era which necessitates temporal leaps between the present moment, the deep past, and the deep future. Coming to contextualize our impact on the planet in the Anthropocene era in such expansive, geological terms poses profound challenges to the ways we have conventionally framed our wider place on Earth. When viewed through the lens of deep time, our impact on the planet has been comparatively brief, but we are scarcely beginning to comprehend its lasting effects. While the scale of the environmental problems we have created often seems insurmountable, this chapter argues that writing which helps us to think about deep time and acclimatizes us to its vast scale can itself serve as a way for us to grapple with the immensity of the problems we face. Through a consideration of the writing of new nature writers Robert Macfarlane and Kathleen Jamie, it looks at how their engagements with deep time challenge the feelings of helplessness that the scale of the environmental crisis can sometimes burden us with. By arguing that coming to terms with the Anthropocene is to come to terms with a changing narrative we tell ourselves about our role on the planet, it considers how New Nature Writing is playing a crucial role in this narrative shift more specifically, as it explores different ways for us to reimagine our relationship with the more-than-human world in the Anthropocene era.
How Deep Time Can Help Shape the Present: Existential Economics, “Joyful Insignificance” and the Future of the Ecological Transition
Authors: Arnsperger Christian
Published: November 2022

An awareness of deep time—both humanity’s deep past and the Earth’s deep future—and an understanding of its existential implications can significantly enhance the chances that humanity might still be able to transition towards an ecologically sustainable way of inhabiting the biosphere. This essay explains in detail why this is so, using analysis of a science fiction story that evokes existential horror at humanity’s ultimate cosmic insignificance. With the tools of “terror management theory” (a paradigm of existential thought based on the work of Ernest Becker and emphasizing the saliency of the denial of death in human motivation and behaviour) and of “existential economics” (an approach postulating that the way in which the economic system is organized and operates is crucially influenced by this widespread denial of death), the essay suggests that death denial has turned into the capitalist denial of life, and that only a deep reconciliation of humanity with its true ontological place in the universe will make it possible for us to transition towards a regenerative rather than a destructive system. This will entail new modes of human thinking, feeling, and acting anchored in a shared sense of “joyful insignificance,” as well as a renewed sense of “cosmic indigeneity”—a sense that all humans are indigenous to this planet and that this fact has major implications for how we ought to live into the deep future, anchored in our deep past.
Apocalypse When? Storytelling and Spiralic Time in Cherie Dimaline’s The Marrow Thieves and Louise Erdrich’s Future Home of the Living God
Authors: Childers Emily , Menendez Hannah
Published: November 2022

Contemporary climate fiction (cli-fi) frequently invokes the concept of apocalypse to explore the experience of living through the era of unprecedented climate change and environmental disaster that has been named the Anthropocene. Yet, as often as apocalyptic narratives are deployed to express those anxieties and experiences, they so often ignore the histories and presents of peoples who have already lived through multiple apocalypses—in particular, the ongoing violence of settler colonial exploitation of the land now called North America. Considering the role that settler colonialism has played in the development of the current crisis, we turn to two recent works by the Métis writer Cherie Dimaline and Ojibwe author Louise Erdrich to consider how the act of cultural storytelling challenges Western notions of linear temporalities. Our analysis of Dimaline’s The Marrow Thieves will explore how the settler-colonial narratives of scientific progress is challenged through Indigenous storytelling and collective memory, and our analysis of Erdrich’s Future Home of the Living God will examine how Indigenous modes of understanding operate through a cyclical timescape that allows for alternative methods of existing with and within the larger world.
“Enlightenment Is a Shared Enterprise”: Tree Ecosystems and the Legacy of Modernity in Richard Powers’s The Overstory
Authors: Ostalska Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

In Richard Powers’s Pulitzer Prize-winning The Overstory (2018) the theme of the novel is the forest ecosystem, with a special emphasis placed on trees, upon whose developmental model the processes of (organic and industrial) growth are scrutinized in this novel. This article examines tree-human assemblages in detail to see how they exchange their material agency and how they relate to the e/Enlightenment project. The essay also explores Powers’s novel to examine how Buddhist values of spiritual enlightenment are contextualized within European Enlightenment and how decentred humanity finds its place among other non-human beings. Apart from fictitious characters from The Overstory, the article draws upon the research of real-life scientists who inspired the creation of Powers’s protagonists: Prof. Simard and Dr. Beresford-Kroeger, along with the work of anthropologist Anna Tsing. In addition, eco-solutions concerning the tree ecosystem (i.e. bio-planning and the seed banks) coming from the scientific field and the field of literature (Powers) are examined to see if today’s progressive ideas can function in the world of the—still, to a large extent, “regressive”—structures of modernity’s legacy. I conclude by arguing that the novel shows that the Enlightenment project is not compatible with the well-being and long-term survival of both humans and non-human beings.
Echoes of Rituals of Initiation and Blood Sacrifice in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad
Authors: Wicher Andrzej
Published: November 2022

In Heart of Darkness, the protagonist Kurtz, of whom we do not, in fact, see much, is shown as connected with a native “sorcerer,” a “witch-man,” who had “antelope horns” on his head. Antelopes, or goats, are typical sacrificial animals, and the protagonist of this novella is a European who perishes in the midst of tropical forests, in spite of the high hopes that accompany his decision to try his luck in an exotic environment. Kurtz has promising beginnings, but later he gradually degenerates, carrying out what may be called a reversal of the ritual of initiation, comparable to the inverted ritual, to use V. Propp’s term, in folklore. In this sense, he may be regarded as a counterpoint to Conrad himself whose life can easily be described as a modern and uncommonly successful enactment of the same ritual. Meanwhile, Kurtz’s, and to a lesser extent also Marlow’s, failure as initiates is inscribed in the failure of the European civilization to construct a European empire in Africa.
The Purpose of the Tax System that Gives Meaning and Legitimacy to Taxes
Authors: Muñoz López José Luis
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the ultimate purpose of the tax system that gives meaning and legitimacy to taxation. The citizen thus becomes an integral part of the State, has the ability to elect its representatives through suffrage. The law is a guarantee of equality and justice that provides legal security, facilitating peace and coexistence. This guarantee is manifested through the constitutional system (Alvarado Plana, 2016: 193–195), where the Constitution (Escudero, 2012: 857–858) becomes the legislative framework and the supreme norm of the entire legal system that orders the coexistence of citizens and ensures the proper functioning of the State. The tax system is defined as a revenue collection tool to cover the needs of the State, but there is certainly more than that: to achieve the goal of equality, justice, freedom, peace and well-being of the society, but also to guarantee the sustainability of the system, achieve progress and social peace.  It is also essential to attract investment, create wealth and achieve proper development within the European Union (Sampedro, 2010: 300–309). Methodology. The analysis includes the basic values and principles assumed by Spanish culture, the evolution towards a modern society in which the citizen has rights and duties enshrined in the Constitution that justifies and legitimizes tax system and therefore taxes and a critical vision and an approach to our tax model through its ultimate purpose to contribute to defray public spending. All of these based on the principles and values established in the Spanish Constitution, which enshrines the rights of the citizen and, through them, supports the conception of the State itself. It also provides a modern approach to the future of our society and guarantees the legitimacy of our tax system. The result of the research. The analysis shows that the ultimate goal of the tax system is to contribute to public spending by the State. Therefore, in the contribution and control of spending, we find the guarantee that the State has healthy public accounts (deficit reduction, less public debt, and strict control of spending), so that the State has greater sovereignty and economic decision-making capacity. It allows the country to meet the objectives of the Constitution for any advanced society, such as peace, equality, justice, freedom and well-being of its citizens.
Un mundo incierto : historia universal contemporánea
Authors: Zapata Velasco Antonio , Toledo Brückmann Ernesto
Published: November 2022

Este volumen, concebido para el estudiante universitario, pero de utilidad para toda persona que quiera repasar la historia de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y los primeros años del siglo XXI, se concentra en algunos temas fundamentales que permiten comprender los acontecimientos políticos, económicos, climáticos y bélicos que dibujaron nuestro presente y que están determinando nuestro futuro. De fácil y ágil lectura, el texto se desenvuelve como un fluido viaje a través de la historia reciente de Europa, Norteamérica, Asia y África, y revisa los más importantes hitos históricos de nuestro tiempo, como la emergencia de la Unión Soviética, el desarrollo de la Guerra Fría, la aparición de la China comunista como potencia mundial y el establecimiento económico de las nuevas potencias denominadas BRICS (Brasil, Rusia, India, China y Sudáfrica). Así, cada problemática del siglo XX es revisada en un intento por definir el panorama de lo que vendrá en los próximos decenios, para los que se proyecta un periodo de competencia por el liderazgo mundial entre Occidente y Asia Oriental
Una documentación acústica de la lengua shipibo-conibo (pano): (con un bosquejo fonológico)
Authors: Elías Ulloa José A
Published: November 2022

Estudio acústico de la lengua shipibo-conibo (pano) de la amazonia peruana. El autor realiza un estudio inédito de las propiedades acústicas del sistema de sonidos y de los contornos tonales de la lengua shipibo-conibo (pano). El estudio describe en detalle los procedimientos utilizados para cada tipo de análisis acústico de modo que otros trabajos de documentación puedan tomarlos o adaptarlos al estudio de lenguas indígenas.
​Socio-economic and the Trend Analysis of Tea Enterprise in Meghalaya State
Authors: Sawian K.D. , Sharma Amod , Kumar Sujay
Published: November 2022

Background: The tea plantation in Ri-Bhoi and West Garo hill districts practicing tea cultivation in Meghalaya state; aimed to access the socio-economic factors for production and trend in area, production and productivity were highlighted.
Methods: The present research investigation was carried out during the agricultural year 2018-21 with a total of 200 tea respondents was selected by following a multi-stage simple random quota sampling technique. Result: Study reveals that the trend of area, production and yield of over all of Meghalaya state as the variants coefficient with the total area of 0.69 and CV 42.92, production of 0.23 and CV of 75.99 and the productivity of 0.85 and CV 38.64, respectively.
Distribution and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Cola Laurifolia Mast.: A Dominant Native Riparian Species Along Permanent Rivers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kabore Gouwidida Elice , Ki-Zerbo Joseph , Bayen Philippe , Dayamba Sizabda Djibril , Thiombiano Adjima
Published: November 2022

Species-specific models for estimating aboveground biomass (AGB) are the accurate means of quantifying species’ carbon pools. Cola laurifolia Mast., a dominant and multi-purpose riparian species along the Mouhoun River in Burkina Faso have a regressive population. Few scientific studies exist concerning this riparian species population and carbon stock capacity. This study aims to allow this gap by formulating a species-specific allometric model for assessing with direct method for Cola laurifolia leave, branches, stem and whole AGB. Parameters used to perform models are tree diameter at breast height (DBH), basal diameter at 20 cm (D20), height (H), and mean crown diameter (CD) using data from 30 trees. Population structure shows a low regeneration potential at all of the studied river zones (i.e. upstream, intermediate and downstream zones). The carbon stock was found to be 54.14 kg C tree-1 and 9.24 Mg C. ha-1. The density of C. laurifolia was higher in downstream zone, and consequently the carbon stock was higher in these areas. The log-log linear model is the best-fitted form incorporated DBH and H as predictors. This form is best fitted for the three tree components (i.e. leaves, branches, stem) and the AGB. The AGB model is more accurate with high coefficient of determination and low RSE (R²=0.92; RSE=0.28) contrasted with leaves models. The global model has the best goodness of fit because of a low relative error (-0.213 %) compared to the use of three component models. The accuracy of our species-specific model confirms the need to develop such models for greater accuracy in AGB estimations.
Contributions from Türkiye to the international emergency medicine literature during the COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: CETİN Murat
Published: November 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the bibliometric contributions made from Türkiye to the
international scientific literature in the field of Emergency Medicine during the 2020-2021 period, which
covered the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Materials and Methods: The present study included a total of 872 studies in Emergency Medicine
WoS Indexes between 2020-2021. The study data were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS)
database of Thomson Reuters – Clarivate Analytics, and the review included publications in the
"Emergency Medicine" category from Turkey that spanned the pandemic period between the years
2019-2020.
Results: 78.1% of the aforementioned studies were included in the Science Citation Index Expanded
and 88.2% were original research papers. A total of 2930 researchers were involved in the 872
publications in the scope of the study. The average number of co-authors per publication was 5.2,
where the average number of publications per author was 0.3. As regards the scope of the
publications, the main topic was "SARS-Cov-2 and pandemic". The aforementioned main theme was
associated with general emergency medicine practices, COVID-19 pneumonia, and high-mortality
emergency cases.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first that investigated the studies
from Türkiye that contributed to the international literature in the field of emergency medicine during the
pandemic period and provided valuable data reflecting the scientific productivity of the researchers,
who continued their research in the field of emergency medicine, during the pandemic period.
Comparison of pedagogical resources in food and nutrition education actions with children
Authors: Inácio Monique Louise Cassimiro , Santos Anabele Pires , Pereira Rafaela Corrêa , Pereira Michel Cardoso de Angelis
Published: November 2022

Food and Nutrition Education (FNE) has become an important strategy designed to promote better food choices and to prevent diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate three pedagogical resources used in FNE interventions. Fifty-six children were invited to participate. They were divided into three groups. After applying exclusion criteria, the group division were A (n = 20), B (n = 12) and C (n = 13). The study consisted of: initial assessment (t = 0), interventions, second assessment (t = 1) and third assessment performed three weeks later (t = 2). To evaluate the interventions outcomes, it were used 24h food recall and questionnaire. Each group received an intervention based on different theory. The lecture represented the traditional pedagogy. Workshop for juice elaboration was developed through bases of Johaan Henrich Pestalozzi’s theory and the history book, contemplated bases of theoretical framework of Paulo Freire. The results showed, in general, all interventions got great outcomes in increasing the level of knowledge about food and nutrition, however the lecture and the development of a juice using the bases of the intuitive method proposed by Pestalozzi, respectively, showed lower levels of forgetfulness.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Inadequate Micronutrient Intake among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia
Authors: Dalimunthe Nathasa Khalida , Ekayanti Ikeu , Dwiriani Cesilia Meti
Published: November 2022

Background: Poor quality and quantity are the main factors that contribute to the increasing inadequacy of micronutrients intake such as Iron, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamins A, and C since the complementary food was introduced at 6 months of infant’s age.
Objectives: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of inadequate micronutrients intake among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study used Individual Food Consumption Survey 2014 data from Indonesian Health Study and Development Agency involving 1575 children aged 6-23 months as the total subjects. Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) was measured by eight food groups for children under two years old. The prevalence of inadequate micronutrients intake used the probability approach. Binary logistic regression was used as a multivariate test to determine the risk factors of inadequate micronutrients intake.
Results: The highest prevalence of inadequate micronutrients intake was vitamin C, while the lowest was zinc, with overall inadequate multiple micronutrients intake being 61.9%. About 57.7% and 15.9% of subjects were low in energy intake and achieved the MDD, respectively. Lived in rural area [OR=1.37(95%CI:1.06-1.77)], low education mother [OR=1.71(95%CI:1.32-2.22)], low energy intake [OR=6.22(95%CI:4.84-7.99)] and not achieved MDD [OR=4.84(95%CI:3.47-6.75)] were more likely to have inadequate micronutrients intake, while not consuming breast milk were less likely to have  inadequate micronutrients intake in children [OR=0.55(95%CI:0.43-0.71)].
Conclusions: Almost two-thirds of subjects were inadequate in overall multiple micronutrients. Low energy intake and not achieved MDD were the highest risk of inadequate micronutrients intake of subjects, instead of low mother education and living in rural areas.
Substitution of Tempeh Flour with Beetroot Flour (Beta vulgaris L) in Cookies as Alternative High Protein Snack
Authors: Permatasari Oktavina , Muhlishoh Arwin , Ismawanti Zuhria , Wardhana Adhi
Published: November 2022

Background: Tempeh is a fermented soybean product which high in protein, that beetroot also contains protein and antioxidant compounds. The substitution of tempeh flour and beetroot flour for the cookies can increase the protein nutritional value in cookies.
Objectives: This research was to determine the nutrition value of the selected formulation cookies (F1) based on the result of acceptability test of cookies substitution with of tempeh flour and beetroot flour which compared with the SNI standard for supplementary feeding (MP-ASI biscuits).
Methods: This is an experimental research with completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatment for cookies F1 (substitution of 0.09% tempeh flour and 10% beetroot flour) and cookies F0 (without substitution tempeh flour and beetroot flour). Parameter observed were the nutritional value of cookies are protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, water value, and ash value with 3 repetitions. The result of the analysis will be compared the SNI standard for MP-ASI biscuits.
Results: From the results of the analysis of the nutrition value of the F1 cookies, that the protein value 12.19%, carbohydrate value 69.19%, fat value 22.73%, fiber value 11.15%, water value 2.96%, and the ash value 2.25% according to SNI requirements for MP-ASI biscuits with protein value of not less than 6 grams per 100 grams. There is a significant difference in protein nutrition value between F0 cookies and F1 cookies.
Conclusions: Cookies F1 has protein value, water value, ash value according to SNI standard while charbohydrate and fat value exceeds SNI standard. One serving (2 pieces of cookies equivalent to 20 grams) can meet 9 - 16% of protein needs in toddler 1 - 5 years.
Penerapan Sustainable Food System pada Kelompok Tani di Desa Batur
Authors: Puspita Skolastika Olivia , Sanubari Theresia Pratiwi Elingsetyo , Wijaya Firdhan Aria
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan populasi dan pergeseran pola makan yang terjadi saat ini berdampak pada ketidakstabilan pangan dan ketidakpastian hasil produksi pangan. Keadaan tersebut mendorong pemerintah untuk melakukan impor sehingga mengakibatkan fluktuasi harga pangan dan berdampak terhadap kerawanan pangan pada kelompok miskin. Di Indonesia, sebagian besar masyarakat miskin bertempat tinggal di pedesaan dan berprofesi sebagai petani. Sebagian petani mengalami kesulitan dikarenakan ketidakpastian panen yang disebabkan oleh keterbatasan sumber daya alam, perubahan iklim, dan bencana alam sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kerawanan pangan. Beberapa petani telah menerapkan pertanian hortikultura organik, secara tidak langsung sudah menerapkan sistem pangan berkelanjutan. Sistem pangan berkelanjutan berorientasi pada tiga dimensi, yaitu keberlanjutan ekonomi, kehidupan sosial, dan lingkungan.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana petani sudah menerapkan sistem pangan berkelanjutan.Metode: Dengan metode kualitatif penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) untuk mengetahui pendapat partisipan dalam melakukan sistem pangan berkelanjutan serta menggunakan wawancara mendalam.Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini partisipan telah menerapkan teori sustainable food system (SFS). Partisipan memiliki pandangan mereka sendiri tentang teori SFS. Partisipan beranggapan dengan mempertimbangkan penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pestisida, saling berbagi informasi terkait penggunaan obat untuk masalah hama, jamur dan penyakit, serta mendapatkan keuntungan beragam karena menggunakan metode tumpang sari, berarti mereka sudah menjalankan SFS.Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa partisipan sudah menjalankan SFS dengan cara penerapan yang berbeda, walaupun demikian teori SFS yang dijalankan partisipan penelitian memiliki tujuan yang sama yaitu untuk keberlanjutan bagi generasi mendatang