bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Collagen versus Synthetic-Based Meniscal Scaffolds in Treating Meniscal Deficiency in Young Active Population
Authors: Bulgheroni Erica , Grassi Alberto , Campagnolo Monica , Bulgheroni Paolo , Mudhigere Abhishek , Gobbi Alberto
Published: September 2015

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 different meniscal scaffolds in treating patients with irreparable partial medial meniscal tear and patients complaining of pain in the medial compartment of the knee due to a previous partial medial meniscectomy. Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that both the scaffolds are effective in improving clinical outcomes in these patient populations.

Material and Methods:

Twenty-eight patients underwent collagen-based medial meniscus implantation (CMI-Menaflex) and 25 with a second-generation scaffold (Actifit). All patients were assessed with Lysholm, Tegner scale, and MRI evaluation—preoperatively, at 6 months, at 12 moths, and followed-up for a minimum of 2 years. Second look arthroscopy and concomitant biopsy were performed in 7 and 12 patients of CMI and Actifit groups, respectively.

Results:

The CMI group at final follow-up showed improvement in Lysholm score from 58.4 ± 17.3 to 94.5 ± 6.0, while the Actifit group showed improvement from 67.0 ± 15.7 to 90.3 ± 13.1; the improvement was statistically significant in both the groups but intergroup difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.1061). Tegner Activity Scale score improved in both the groups, but intergroup difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.5918). MRI evaluation showed in situ scaffold and no progression of degenerative arthritis in both the groups at final follow-up. Histological evaluation showed more fibrous tissue with blood vessels in the CMI group and the Actift group showed avascular cartilaginous features.

Conclusion:

Both the scaffolds are effective in improving patients’ symptoms and joint function at short-term follow-up.
Bartonella henselae as a cause of acute-onset febrile illness in cats
Authors: Breitschwerdt Edward B , Broadhurst Jack J , Cherry Natalie A
Published: September 2015

Case series summary

At different time points spanning 6 months, three adopted feral flea-infested cats, residing in the household of a veterinary technician, became acutely anorexic, lethargic and febrile. Enrichment blood culture/PCR using Bartonella alpha Proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM) confirmed initial infection with the same Bartonella henselae genotype in all three cases. With the exception of anemia and neutropenia, complete blood counts, serum biochemical profiles and urinalysis results were within reference intervals. Also, tests for feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, Toxoplasma gondii and feline coronavirus antibodies were negative. Serial daily temperature monitoring in one case confirmed a cyclic, relapsing febrile temperature pattern during 1 month, with resolution during and after treatment with azithromycin. Bartonella henselae Western immunoblot (WB) results did not consistently correlate with BAPGM enrichment blood culture/PCR results or B henselae indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titers, and WB titration results were not informative for establishing antibiotic treatment failure. During the respective follow-up periods, no illnesses or additional febrile episodes were reported, despite repeat documentation of B henselae bacteremia in two cats available for follow-up (one with the same genotype and the other with a different B henselae genotype); one cat was, unfortunately, killed by dogs before follow-up testing.

Relevance and novel information

We conclude that microbiological diagnosis and treatment of B henselae infection in cats can be challenging, that antibody titration results and resolution of clinical abnormalities may not correlate with a therapeutic cure, and that fever and potentially neutropenia should be differential diagnostic considerations for young cats with suspected bartonellosis.
Using Integrative Propositional Analysis for Evaluating Entrepreneurship Theories
Authors: Wright Bernadette , Wallis Steven E.
Published: September 2015

Previous studies have noted a proliferation of disparate theories of entrepreneurship. This makes it difficult to find the best theory for application in teaching, practice, and research. Choosing the right entrepreneurship theories to teach and encourage is critical to providing entrepreneurs with the knowledge they need to succeed. Scholars have recommended integrating entrepreneurship theories across disciplines and across practice; however, rigorous methods to assess and integrate the best theories are lacking. Integrative propositional analysis is an emerging method to assess and improve theories using the theory structure as data, rather than relying on empirical data and opinion alone. This exploratory study pilot tested this approach with a sample of nine entrepreneurship theories. Several insights emerged that entrepreneurship researchers, educators, and practitioners can use to synthesize and improve theories for their specific needs and to collaboratively integrate the best theories from research and experience to create better theories.
Effect of different pre- and post-weld heat treatments on microstructures and mechanical properties of variable polarity TIG welded AA2219 joints
Authors: Lin Y. T. , Wang D. P. , Wang M. C. , Zhang Y. , He Y. Z.
Published: September 2015

The microstructures and mechanical properties of 2219 aluminium alloy joints welded by variable polarity TIG welding in four kinds of different heat treatment conditions, namely, with/without pre-/post-weld heat treatment, were analysed and compared. The post-weld artificial aging treatment rendered fine dispersed precipitates (metastable θ′ phase) separate out of weld metal, which made the hardness of weld metal increase by ∼20%. Meanwhile, the fracture location of joints during tensile test changed from weld zone to heat affected zone (HAZ). The pre-weld solution treatment reduced the overaging degree of HAZ and a large number of θ′ phase reprecipitated in HAZ after post-weld artificial aging treatment. Intermediate state welding, with pre-weld solution treatment and post-weld artificial aging treatment together, could increase 20% of the hardness of weld zone, increase 11.5% of the hardness of HAZ and increase 20.3% of the tensile strength of joint.
National and regional asthma programmes in Europe
Authors: Selroos Olof , Kupczyk Maciej , Kuna Piotr , Łacwik Piotr , Bousquet Jean , Brennan David , Palkonen Susanna , Contreras Javier , FitzGerald Mark , Hedlin Gunilla , Johnston Sebastian L. , Louis Renaud , Metcalf Leanne , Walker Samantha , Moreno-Galdó Antonio , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Rosado-Pinto José , Powell Pippa , Haahtela Tari
Published: September 2015

This review presents seven national asthma programmes to support the European Asthma Research and Innovation Partnership in developing strategies to reduce asthma mortality and morbidity across Europe. From published data it appears that in order to influence asthma care, national/regional asthma programmes are more effective than conventional treatment guidelines. An asthma programme should start with the universal commitments of stakeholders at all levels and the programme has to be endorsed by political and governmental bodies. When the national problems have been identified, the goals of the programme have to be clearly defined with measures to evaluate progress. An action plan has to be developed, including defined re-allocation of patients and existing resources, if necessary, between primary care and specialised healthcare units or hospital centres. Patients should be involved in guided self-management education and structured follow-up in relation to disease severity. The three evaluated programmes show that, thanks to rigorous efforts, it is possible to improve patients' quality of life and reduce hospitalisation, asthma mortality, sick leave and disability pensions. The direct and indirect costs, both for the individual patient and for society, can be significantly reduced. The results can form the basis for development of further programme activities in Europe.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: from clinical trials to real-life experiences
Authors: Harari Sergio , Caminati Antonella
Published: September 2015

Randomised controlled clinical trials are fundamental in medicine to develop new effective drugs and new therapeutic regimens and are the strength of evidence-based medicine. These studies allow us to avoid the repetition of misleading experiences that have been reported in the past, where drugs or associations were utilised without compelling evidence and ultimately proven to be ineffective. In recent years, randomised clinical trials have been conducted and concluded for many rare diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, clinical trials do not always reflect the real-life scenario. Patients selected for clinical trials present fewer comorbidities, they fall between certain age limits, and the severity of their disease is defined; therefore, they do not always reflect the whole of the population affected by a specific disease. These are the reasons why we also need data that mirror real-life experience. The limitations that these kind of studies present are always several and the studies should be interpreted with caution, although they can fill the important gap between efficacy and effectiveness. In this article, we will review the existing clinical data on real-life treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Should lung biopsies be performed in patients with severe asthma?
Authors: Doberer Daniel , Trejo Bittar Humberto E. , Wenzel Sally E.
Published: September 2015

Asthma, and severe asthma, in particular, is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous disease. Identifying these different phenotypes of asthma and assigning patients to phenotype-specific treatments is one of the current conundrums in respiratory medicine. Any diagnostic procedure in severe asthma (or any disease) should have two aims: 1) better understanding or identifying the diagnosis, and 2) providing information on the heterogeneity of asthma phenotypes to guide therapy with the objective of improving outcomes. Lung biopsies can target the large and small airways as well as the lung parenchyma. All compartments are affected in severe asthma; however, knowledge on the distal lung is limited. At this point, it remains uncertain whether lung specimens routinely add diagnostic information that is unable to be obtained otherwise. Indeed, whether a lung biopsy is indicated in the workup of a patient with severe asthma remains an individual decision. It is hoped this review will support rational decision-making and provide a detailed synopsis of the varied histopathological features seen in biopsies of patients with a diagnosis of severe asthma. Due to limited data on this topic this review is primarily based on opinion with recommendations arising primarily from the personal experience of the authors.
Uncovering Scientist Stereotypes and Their Relationships with Student Race and Student Success in a Diverse, Community College Setting
Authors: Schinske Jeffrey , Cardenas Monica , Kaliangara Jahana
Published: September 2015

A number of studies have identified correlations between children’s stereotypes of scientists, their science identities, and interest or persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Yet relatively few studies have examined scientist stereotypes among college students, and the literature regarding these issues in predominantly nonwhite and 2-yr college settings is especially sparse. We piloted an easy-to-analyze qualitative survey of scientist stereotypes in a biology class at a diverse, 2-yr, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander–Serving Institution. We examined the reliability and validity of the survey, and characterized students’ comments with reference to previous research on stereotypes. Positive scientist stereotypes were relatively common in our sample, and negative stereotypes were rare. Negative stereotypes appeared to be concentrated within certain demographic groups. We found that students identifying nonstereotypical images of scientists at the start of class had higher rates of success in the course than their counterparts. Finally, evidence suggested many students lacked knowledge of actual scientists, such that they had few real-world reference points to inform their stereotypes of scientists. This study augments the scant literature regarding scientist stereotypes in diverse college settings and provides insights for future efforts to address stereotype threat and science identity.
Minireview: Directed Differentiation and Encapsulation of Islet β-Cells—Recent Advances and Future Considerations
Authors: Tse Hubert M. , Kozlovskaya Veronika , Kharlampieva Eugenia , Hunter Chad S.
Published: September 2015

Diabetes mellitus has rapidly become a 21st century epidemic with the promise to create vast economic and health burdens, if left unchecked. The 2 major forms of diabetes arise from unique causes, with outcomes being an absolute (type 1) or relative (type 2) loss of functional pancreatic islet β-cell mass. Currently, patients rely on exogenous insulin and/or other pharmacologies that restore glucose homeostasis. Although these therapies have prolonged countless lives over the decades, the striking increases in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic diagnoses worldwide suggest a need for improved treatments. To this end, islet biologists are developing cell-based therapies by which a patient's lost insulin-producing β-cell mass is replenished. Pancreatic or islet transplantation from cadaveric donors into diabetic patients has been successful, yet the functional islet demand far surpasses supply. Thus, the field has been striving toward transplantation of renewable in vitro-derived β-cells that can restore euglycemia. Challenges have been numerous, but progress over the past decade has generated much excitement. In this review we will summarize recent findings that have placed us closer than ever to β-cell replacement therapies. With the promise of cell-based diabetes therapies on the horizon, we will also provide an overview of cellular encapsulation technologies that will deliver critical protection of newly implanted cells.
Heregulin Co-opts PR Transcriptional Action Via Stat3 Role As a Coregulator to Drive Cancer Growth
Authors: Proietti Cecilia J. , Izzo Franco , Díaz Flaqué María Celeste , Cordo Russo Rosalía , Venturutti Leandro , Mercogliano María Florencia , De Martino Mara , Pineda Viviana , Muñoz Sergio , Guzmán Pablo , Roa Juan C. , Schillaci Roxana , Elizalde Patricia V.
Published: September 2015

Accumulated findings have demonstrated the presence of bidirectional interactions between progesterone receptor (PR) and the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases signaling pathways in breast cancer. We previously revealed signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) as a nodal convergence point between said signaling pathways proving that Stat3 is activated by one of the ErbBs' ligands, heregulin (HRG)β1 via ErbB2 and through the co-option of PR as a signaling molecule. Here, we found that HRGβ1 induced Stat3 recruitment to the promoters of the progestin-regulated cell cycle modulators Bcl-XL and p21CIP1 and also stimulated Stat3 binding to the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter, which carries consensus progesterone response elements. Interestingly, HRGβ1-activated Stat3 displayed differential functions on PR activity depending on the promoter bound. Indeed, Stat3 was required for PR binding in bcl-X, p21CIP1, and c-myc promoters while exerting a PR coactivator function on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. Stat3 also proved to be necessary for HRGβ1-induced in vivo tumor growth. Our results endow Stat3 a novel function as a coregulator of HRGβ1-activated PR to promote breast cancer growth. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex interactions between PR and other regulatory factors, such as Stat3, that contribute to determine the context-dependent transcriptional actions of PR.
Conflict in the Eurozone: A View from Athens
Authors: Kulukundis Elias
Published: September 2015

The crisis of the eurozone has narrowed to a conflict between Greece and Germany. At times it has appeared to be a family quarrel with all the animosity that a family can generate. The two are like an elderly father and an adolescent son unable to talk to each other. The son questions everything and wants to engage in dialogue, but his provocative way of framing questions drives the father to exasperation. The father answers questions with maxims and mantras, and his refusal to engage in dialogue impels the son to further provocation.
The Unraveling of a Greek Tragedy
Authors: Jackson Richard L.
Published: September 2015

Conflicting narratives of Greece in 2015 portrayed it as victim of German greed and its export-driven economy and as villain for borrowing $273 billion it could never hope to repay. Both have truth, but the confrontation in Brussels between debtor and creditors was long in coming and the result of error on both sides. While an interim agreement was reached on 20 February 2015 to extend Greece's bailout by four months, the longer-term outcome was far from clear. Social and economic pressures had been building in Greece since 2008, resulting in the 25 January 2015 election of a radical government pledged to end austerity, reverse privatization, and reforms and to achieve at least partial debt forgiveness. A Greek departure from the eurozone was possible. A Greece adrift would leave it vulnerable to the blandishments of Russia, China, and other parties. Should such a shift occur, it would haunt the European Union in future crises of its southern tier or with other weaker member states.
Loss of the Coffin-Lowry syndrome associated geneRSK2alters ERK activity, synaptic function and axonal transport inDrosophilamotoneurons
Authors: Beck Katherina , Ehmann Nadine , Andlauer Till F.M. , Ljaschenko Dmitrij , Strecker Katrin , Fischer Matthias , Kittel Robert J. , Raabe Thomas
Published: September 2015

Plastic changes in synaptic properties are considered as fundamental for adaptive behaviors. Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated signaling has been implicated in regulation of synaptic plasticity. Ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) acts as a regulator and downstream effector of ERK. In the brain, RSK2 is predominantly expressed in regions required for learning and memory. Loss-of-function mutations in human RSK2 cause Coffin-Lowry Syndrome, which is characterized by severe mental retardation and low IQ scores in male patients. Knockout of RSK2 in mice or the RSK ortholog in Drosophila result in a variety of learning and memory defects. However, overall brain structure in these animals is not affected, leaving open the question of the pathophysiological consequences. Using the fly neuromuscular system as a model for excitatory glutamatergic synapses, we show that removal of RSK function causes distinct defects in motoneurons and at the neuromuscular junction. Based on histochemical and electrophysiological analyses we conclude that RSK is required for normal synaptic morphology and function. Furthermore, loss of RSK function interferes with ERK signaling at different levels. Elevated ERK activity was evident in the somata of motoneurons, whereas decreased ERK activity was observed in axons and the presynapse. In addition, we uncovered a novel function of RSK in anterograde axonal transport. Our results emphasize the importance of fine tuning ERK activity in neuronal processes underlying higher brain functions. In this context, RSK acts as a modulator of ERK signaling.
Synthesis of Silver-coated Copper Particles with Thermal Oxidation Stability for a Solar Cell Conductive Paste
Authors: Shin Jongmin , Kim Hyunju , Song Kwang Ho , Choe Jaehoon
Published: September 2015

Spherical thiocyanate-coated Cu@Ag particles were synthesized by a galvanic replacement reaction. These particles were used to fabricate a conductive paste, which was printed on silicon wafers to manufacture inexpensive silicon-wafer-based solar cells. Cells with the thiocyanate-coated Cu@Ag particles showed comparatively favorable solar cell efficiencies because of improved thermal oxidation resistance, resulting from the deposited β-CuSCN layers on the Cu@Ag particles.
An Fe-based Model for Metabolism Linking between O2-reduction and H2O-oxidation
Authors: Yatabe Takeshi , Kikkawa Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Takahiro , Urabe Keishi , Robertson Andrew , Nakai Hidetaka , Ogo Seiji
Published: September 2015

Here, we report the first Fe-based model for metabolism linking between the dioxygen reduction of respiration and the water oxidation of photosynthesis. The reaction mechanism was investigated by X-ray analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.
Pyxidiculacompressa: Diatom or dinoflagellate?
Authors: Cowan Roberta A. , Huisman John M.
Published: September 2015

The taxonomic position of Pyxidicula compressa, currently the nomenclatural basionym of two unrelated taxa (a diatom and a dinoflagellate), is clarified. Evidence is presented that the protologue of the species clearly represents a diatom, which is then correctly known as Tryblionella compressa. In the absence of original specimens, the species is lectotypified with illustrations from the protologue. It is proposed that the name Prorocentrum bidens be adopted for the dinoflagellate presently known as Prorocentrum compressum.
Towards resolving phylogenetic relationships in the Ficinia clade and description of the new genus Afroscirpoides (Cyperaceae: Cypereae)
Authors: García-Madrid Ana S. , Muasya A. Muthama , Álvarez Inés , Cantó Paloma , Molina José Antonio
Published: September 2015

Cyperaceae is the third‐largest family of monocotyledons and one of the 10 largest families of angiosperms. The family includes two subfamilies and several tribes, one of which, Cypereae, is the aim of the present study. Recent studies recognize the Ficinia clade, composed of six genera (Dracoscirpoides, Erioscirpus, Ficinia, Hellmuthia, Isolepis, Scirpoides), as more closely related to Cyperus (Cypereae) than to Scirpus (Scirpeae), where it was traditionally placed. In this study, phylogenetic analyses of the Ficinia clade have been carried out, based on sequences of two nrDNA loci (ITS, ETS1f) and three plastid loci (trnL intron, rps16, trnH‐psbA) and with special attention to the smaller genera of the clade (i.e., Dracoscirpoides, Erioscirpus, Hellmuthia, Scirpoides). Results revealed a strong geographic pattern within Scirpoides, in which two groups are identified, one including the southern African and the other representing the northern hemisphere species. Dracoscirpoides and Erioscirpus are monophyletic genera while Hellmuthia formed a clade with Ficinia and Isolepis. One species of Scirpoides (S. dioeca) was outside the clade of Scirpoides s.str. in the analyses, and is here transferred to a new monospecific genus endemic to southern Africa: Afroscirpoides.
Lexicographic Work with Foreign Linguistics Students Who Study Russian As a Foreign Language. Advanced Level
Authors: Антропова  , Antropova M.
Published: September 2015

The article represents the author’s experience in creating a PR-glossary in

the course of lessons of the Russian language with foreign students who

study in Russian higher education institutions at the programme “Advertising

and Public Relations”. The author considers work on creating a glossary

not only as a traditional method of enlarging a student’s vocabulary but

also as an innovative method of teaching students to understand and use

vocabulary of the publicistic style on the basis of such modern sources as

online magazines, online newspapers, websites, the corpus of the Russian

language and online dictionaries, thus developing students’ lexicographic

skills.
Interdisciplinary Integration Service Disciplines
Authors: Чудовская  , Chudovskaya N.
Published: September 2015

In the article the problem of formation of professional competences of the

bachelor in service through training integrated education on the basis of the

Russian language and culture of speech. An interdisciplinary application of

knowledge and skills will prepare the employee in the services sector, with

extensive set of professional and cultural competences.
Verbal Communication in Mass Media
Authors: Ржанова  , Rzhanova S.
Published: September 2015

The article analyzes the communication process of modern mass media.

Journalism, holding true to its methods of undestanding reality, turns to the

postmodern manner of writing. Dialogueness of mass communication is

built on different levels. Speech reflects contradictory processes, which occur

in our life and are accompanied by changing moral values and spiritual

guidelines. Language occurrences in different kinds of mass communication

break up the foundations of Russian culture. A new information environment

should be created in agreement with the historical traditions and

linguistic culture of the society.
Communication Potential of Creolized Printed Advirtising Texts
Authors: Тульгук  , Tulguk E.
Published: September 2015

The article investigates the communication potential of creolized advertising

texts and notes the role of non-verbal component of the advertising text and

its impact on the recipient in conjunction with language and speech means.
Improvement of Business Performance Appraisal
Authors: Языева  , Yazyeva G.
Published: September 2015

The article investigates the communication potential of creolized advertising

texts and notes the role of non-verbal component of the advertising text and

its impact on the recipient in conjunction with language and speech means.
How to attract a tourist into the depths of Russia?
Authors: Голубчиков Юрий , Golubchikov YUriy
Published: September 2015

Contrary to popular ideas about the destruction of environment of Russia, almost half of its spaces are not burdened by anthropogenic or technogenic impact. Russia owns 15% of almost untouched by human activity Earth´s land. Geographically the country is close to all the most powerful and the most populous states in Western Europe, Asia and America. And demand for travel and vacation in underpopulated and clean environment there constantly growing, landscape tourism, nature and holistic therapy are getting the larger popularity. The global role of Russia lies in the fact that it can be positioned and percepted as a kind of biosphere-therapeutic reserve. The geopolitical, ideological, economic, image significance of rural and farmstead tourism are justified in the article.

The construction of a positive image of the territory should be from correction of curriculums geographical, humanitarian and tourist specialties in higher educational establishments. None significant foreign university can be represented without human-geographical understanding of resources of its country. We have nothing like this, and if it planned, so only in the historical and archival manner. Meanwhile, the revival of studies of Russia allows not only expanding the philosophical and substantive field of recreational geography, but also improving the overall competitiveness of the country in the fields of tourism services.
The application of tools of marketing management in the process of regional recreation systems development
Authors: Медяник Адриана , Medyanik Adriana
Published: September 2015

A requirement for sustainable development of regional social systems is the application of marketing management, which presumes activities related to the planning, organization, coordination, monitoring and promotion of measures to formation demand for the products of the region.

Transformation processes, taking place recently in the socio-economic sphere of all post-Soviet countries, to a large extent touched the recreational complex in the whole and in specific regions. Considering the significant role played by recreational complex in the national economy, its value for economic and social development of the any state and its regions, the need to development and implement of the system of regional recreational system marketing management gets the largest relevance in theoretical and practical aspects.

Recreational areas are the special object of research in the elaboration of strategic programs of development of the territory or region. Territorial development is determined by the types and modes of primary use, the location of the material objects, the spatial structure of the region. It is possible to achieve the territorial development by the implementation of local economic policy, using the resource potential of the territory, taking into account the influence of internal and external factors in the development of the region, as well as through inter-regional and cross-border cooperation. In accordance with the existing objective and subjective conditions, use of «Public Relations» and branding elements have become one of the primary tools of marketing management of regional recreational systems development. In the process of using these tools is important to optimally combine social spending on health and recreation with the economic benefit of the region.
Development trends of sanatorium and resort services market in Central Federal District
Authors: Оборин Матвей , Oborin Matvey
Published: September 2015

Central Federal District is the leader in number of the coming tourists and day trippers among other regions of Russia. The most perspective directions of tourist and recreational activity here are cultural and informative and health and fitness tourism. Sanatorium and resort services mostly form a basis of health and fitness tourism that is connected with its high role for social and economic development of the region. The central Russia has high natural and medical potential for the organization and further development of sanatorium and resort activity. The medical base is presented by hydromineral resources (mineral waters of external and drinking application), climatic and landscape conditions of territory. Special factors of development of health and fitness tourism are social and economic features of the region -low birth rate, negative natural increase, the increase in the proportion of morbidity, income growth, and others. All this forms a necessary domestic demand for the organization sanatorium and resort activities in the Central Federal District. It is characterized by a large number of contradictory trends which weaken its general development. In Central Federal District the increase in quantity of collective means of placement due to opening of hotels, hostels, locations of tourists is observed. Their general dynamics grew more than twice that is connected with increase in a tourist flow of recreants. At the same time there are such negative tendencies of development of recreational sphere of the region as reduction of the children´s wellness organizations and tourist flow of children, reduction the number of sanatorium organizations. Accordingly, it is accompanied by a reduction numbers of beds and the flow placed persons.

The observed trends are due to the increased of cost of sanatorium and resort vouchers, low level of infrastructure development, low quality of services, lack of competitiveness of the modern sanatorium and resort complex.
Tver as tourist center Far Moscow suburbs
Authors: Хетагурова Валерия , Khetagurova Valeriya , Голубчиков Сергей , Golubchikov Sergey , Брюханова Галина , Bryukhanova Galina
Published: September 2015

The unique geographical location, climate and abundance of cultural and historical monuments in the Tver region is of interest for both domestic tourists and foreign. Recreation resources of the region are extremely rich and include dozens of tourist facilities. In the region there are opportunities for the formation of the diversified tourism products, based on a combination of different types of tourism. Tver region is a leader in this type of tourism as recreational, cultural, educational, sphere of water activities.

In recent years, the growth of quantitative indicators in the tourism industry in the region is observed, also occur qualitative changes. It is actively developing environmental, business, cultural, educational types of tourism, weekend breaks, extreme forms of water recreation, yachting. There are resources for development of river cruise tourism. But the high tourist and recreational potential of Tver and the Tver region is far from being fully used. So far, the industry has not qualified for the high level of the budget of the region, which is observed in developed countries.

The article discusses priorities directions in the development of domestic and incoming tourism in the Tver region up to 2020, activities required actions by the regional authorities recommended for the development of tourism in the region are listed. The most important of them are the need to optimize the process of staff training for the tourism industry, the improvement of marketing and branding policy, organization of tourist information centers, the development of events, including event-related, the development of cruise tourism on the river Volga, including retro cruise.
Tendência temporal de indicadores da prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário nas capitais da Região Norte do Brasil: 2006-2013
Authors: Mielke Grégore , Costa Danylo , Stopa Sheila , Oliveira-Campos Maryane , Pureza Demilto , Silva Marta
Published: September 2015

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as mudanças na prática de atividade física nas capitais da região Norte entre 2006 e 2013. Foram analisados os dados de adultos (18+ anos) que fizeram parte do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL), das capitais de estados da região Norte do Brasil (Acre, Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, Tocantins) no período de 2006 a 2013. Foram analisadas as tendências de atividade física no tempo livre, deslocamento a pé ou de bicicleta para ir/voltar do trabalho/escola, prevalência de inatividade física considerando todos os domínios (lazer, deslocamento, trabalho e tarefas domésticas), além da proporção de adultos que relataram três ou mais horas assistindo televisão por dia. Para os indicadores de atividade física no tempo livre, prevalência de adultos que assistiram televisão por três ou mais horas/dia e prevalência de inatividade física não foram observadas mudanças no período analisado. Houve uma redução na proporção de adultos que relataram se deslocar a pé ou de bicicleta para o trabalho/escola de 19,1% em 2009 para 11,8% em 2013 (p=0,004). A região Norte apresenta uma tendência de diminuição no deslocamento ativo semelhante à tendência nacional, enquanto que a prática de atividade física no lazer permaneceu estável. Monitorar os indicadores de atividade física no contexto regional pode auxiliar gestores no direcionamento de políticas de promoção da atividade física. 
Tendência temporal de indicadores da prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário nas capitais da Região Nordeste do Brasil: 2006-2013
Authors: Tassitano Rafael , Mielke Grégore , Carvalho Wellington , Oliveira Max , Malta Deborah
Published: September 2015

O objetivo foi analisar tendências temporais de indicadores da prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário nas capitaisda região Nordeste entre os anos de 2006 e 2013. Foram analisados dados de 141.309 adultos (18+ anos), das nove capitais, da região Nordeste do Brasil, participantes do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico. Os indicadores foram: ativo no tempo livre (150 minutos/semana de intensidade leve ou moderada ou 75 minutos/semana de intensidade vigorosa); ativo no deslocamento (≥30 minutos/dia caminhando ou pedalando para ir/ voltar do trabalho ou escola); fisicamente inativo (não realizar esforços físicos intensos e não praticar qualquer atividade no tempo livre nos últimos três meses) e comportamento sedentário (assistir três ou mais horas de televisão por dia). Os dados foram analisados no STATA e análises de tendência temporal foram feitas estratificadas por sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e capitais. A proporção de adultos fisicamente ativos no tempo livre aumentou de 29,4% em 2009 para 34,5% em 2013, enquanto que houve uma redução significativa entre os que se deslocam ativamente (16,6% em 2009 vs 11,2% em 2013). O tempo de televisão e a inatividade física permaneceram estáveis ao longo dos anos. Ao longo dos anos foi observado mudanças sociais e econômicas na região. A implementação da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde universalizou o acesso à prática de atividade física, contudo ações integradas devem ser implementadas para atingir os diferentes subgrupos e domínios. 
Assiduidade a programas de atividade física oferecidas por Unidades Básicas de Saúde: o discurso de participantes muito e pouco assíduos
Authors: Lovato Natália , Loch Mathias , González Alberto , Lopes Maria
Published: September 2015

O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o discurso sobre alguns elementos da participação em grupos de prática de atividade física (AF) em usuários de programas oferecidos por duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde na cidade de Londrina/PR. Foi realizado estudo transversal, com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semi-estruturada. Os 105 usuários dos programas de AF foram divididos em cinco quintis, de acordo com a assiduidade. Foram entrevistados os sujeitos do quintil com maior assiduidade (n=21) e do com menor assiduidade (n=21). Na análise das entrevistas, utilizou-se a análise categorial de conteúdos preconizada por Bardin. Em linhas gerais as falas revelaram que os sujeitos gostam de praticar AF, dentro ou fora do grupo, que os sentimentos vivenciados durantes as atividades eram positivos, que a motivação de familiares foi considerada importante fator de assiduidade ao programa, que muitos usuários observam melhorias na sua saúde com a participação no programa e que, entre os usuários com menor assiduidade, questões interpessoais, especialmente compromissos familiares, foram importantes para o não comparecimento em algumas atividades. Recomenda-se que a questão da aderência aos programas de AF seja levada em consideração no planejamento e replanejamento das ações, inclusive refletindo sobre as características dos programas ofertados (horário, local, tipo de atividades, etc). 
The teaching of the association between physical inactivity and non-communicable diseases in physical education classes
Authors: Terra Julia , Canabarro Lúcio , Neutzling Marilda , Gonzales Nicole , Rombaldi Airton
Published: September 2015

The study was conducted with physical education teachers from elementary and high schools in the urban area of Pelotas, southern Brazil, and identified the prevalence of those who taught the association of physical inactivity (PI) with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) during their classes. In addition, the moment when the content was discussed in the class and the length of time used for that purpose were investigated. We used a standardized questionnaire containing questions about the relationship between PI and NCDs, as well as information on demographic and socioeconomic aspects, career time, weekly labor hours and physical activity level. Overall, 188 teachers answered the census. Despite the high percentage of teachers who reported teaching at least one association between PI and NCDs (82.8%), obesity being the disease most frequently mentioned (84.7%), only 17.3% taught the association with cancer, 33% with osteoporosis and 11% of the teachers reported teaching the associations with all NCDs. As for obesity, the youngest age group (19-30 years) was the one that taught this association least frequently (p <0.001), with a reduction as their workload increased (p <0.03). A similar trend was observed regarding teaching the associations in the main part of the class (p <0.02) and the time devoted to teaching them in the main part of the class (p <0.006). Despite the high proportion of teachers who approached the associations between PI and NCDs during physical education classes, only the most disseminated associations by the media were taught by most teachers and by teachers with lower workloads. Health-related training activities should be offered to teachers, so that classes can include other contents beyond sports.
Bringing practice closer to research – seeking integrity, sincerity and authenticity
Authors: Schroeder Franziska
Published: September 2015

This article tackles the abundance of inconsistent terminologies that surround the discourse on practice and research. The text builds on recent debates on creative practice and education, sparked through the EU-funded project SHARE. I argue that a shift in contemporary continental philosophy in the 1970s, which nudged the body into a more central position, allowed for creative practice and with it ‘embodied knowing’ to slowly push open the doors of the academies. I will show that practice today is already well embedded in some UK institutions, and I put forward that rather than thinking of an apologetic Practice as …, Performance as …, we should refer more resolutely to what I here term ‘Practice Research’. I demystify notions of validation of creative practice by re-emphasizing the artistic qualities of ‘integrity, sincerity and authenticity’, borrowed from the 2013 BBC Reith lecturer and artist/potter Grayson Perry.
The politics and the poetics of knowledge in higher arts education
Authors: Cabeleira Helena
Published: September 2015

This article aims to contribute to the analysis and problematization of a discourse that took shape in international universities (over the last two decades) around terminologies, methodologies and conceptions of academic research and writing in the creative fields of art and design. This discourse has been particularly visible in the past decade, in consequence of the Bologna Process and the formation of a European Higher Arts Education Area. Framed by this discourse emerged the figure of the artist-researcher as writer conducing his or her doctoral studies, and inventing theoretical and empirical strategies through which art and design practices articulate with research-writing practices, and the conditions under which these practices are communicated and disseminated in the public sphere as knowledge (texts and images). A literature review and a European overview on how articulations between text-making and art-making are being theorized and materialized in publications, conferences and curricular programmes will be provided.
Teaching and learning for sustainability: An Icelandic practice-based research
Authors: Jónsdóttir Ásthildur
Published: September 2015

We live in critical times, where moving towards the goal of sustainability requires fundamental changes in human attitudes and activity. These challenges call for all of us to rethink our value framework and incorporate new approaches to what we consider a good life. Educators need to strive to create change and work towards a sustainable future through education for sustainability (EFS). This article reports on a project in which the author worked with a group of pre-service art teachers in the Iceland Academy of the arts (IAA) to explore how they can use an artistic approach to learn about EFS, identifying and discovering ethical challenges in contemporary life. This is part of a larger study, which looks at the potential of art in EFS. Using a participatory research method these students analysed which concept they wanted to focus on once they became practising art teachers. The findings indicate connections between action and reflection through an artistic approach.
Extremism or terrorism: Communicating Islamophobia on YouTube in the Norwegian attacks
Authors: Yusha’u Muhammad Jameel
Published: September 2015

This article studies the social media reporting of the Norwegian attacks by Anders Breivik with specific focus on the user commentary of YouTube versions of the breaking story in four media organizations, namely CNN, BBC, NBC and PJTV. Within the context of Islamophobia, the article uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) to understand the thread of the reporting and user comments on the Norwegian attacks. It is important to combine the two theoretical approaches because Islamophobia, as discussed by Allen (2010), is rising in Europe, and the swift reaction of the media in attributing terror attacks to Muslims without scrutiny shows how crucial it is to situate the study within the Islamophobia paradigm, while CDA will help us to understand the Islamophobic themes that emerged in the reporting of the story, and how the user-generated comments can contribute to our understanding of the rise of Islamophobia in the West. The study found three key themes that dominated discussions among the users on YouTube: intolerance/violence/immigration associated with Muslims in Europe, conspiracy theories and counter or alternative views from the opinions expressed by some users. This article concludes by agreeing with the position of Freedman and Thussu (2012) that there is a need to address the way stories about Muslims are reported in the West, otherwise there could be serious consequences for society, including foreign policy mistakes that can be avoided.
Transformative pan-Arab TV: National and cultural expression on reality TV programmes
Authors: Miladi Noureddine
Published: September 2015

This article analyses season two of the Arab reality TV programme titled Arab Idol, a TV series broadcast on the Saudi satellite channel MBC between 8 March and 22 June 2013. Through analysing this case study of Arab Idol, this article explores the rapid success of this genre on pan-Arab TV and attempts to decipher its audience’s interaction both online and on TV. It also seeks to unpack issues relating to the way identity, culture and nationalism are represented and debated. These programmes have been critically analysed following Fowler’s (1991) and Fairclough’s (2003) seminal texts. Results of this study reveal that the development of such a genre of TV programming in the region has opened up a new era not only for unusual entertainment but also for audience participation and engagement. As much as it can be perceived as a space for virtual democratic practice and free debates on nationalism and identity, this programme can also be considered as a unifying sphere that consolidates not only the feeling of national belonging but also the pan-Arab collective sense of the Ummah (global community).
Traditional Uses of Plants in the Tolfa–Cerite–Manziate Area (Central Italy)
Authors: Guarrera Paolo Maria , Savo Valentina , Caneva Giulia
Published: September 2015

Traditional knowledge of local plant uses is rapidly fading away, especially in rural Mediterranean areas. We carried out ethnobotanical research in 2010-2011 in order to investigate the local knowledge of wild plants in the Tolfa–Cerite–Manziate area of Italy (Latium, district of Rome). We carried out a total of 45 semi-structured interviews with farmers, herders, and fishers. Here, a simple diachronic comparison is made between the current study and a previous one conducted in some of the villages of the study area to highlight potential losses of traditional knowledge of local plants. We documented a total of 102 plant species, belonging to 48 families, along with their uses (excluding food uses). We also reported some non-plant based remedies that were primarily used in veterinary medicine. Some plant uses, especially for making handicrafts, have not been reported previously (e.g., those of Celtis australis L. Cannabaceae, Betula pendula Roth Betulaceae). Many plant uses are no longer remembered in the area, which indicates a loss of local ethnobotanical knowledge.