bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of predecessors on species diversity of weeds in winter wheat crops in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Hutianskyi R. , Popov S. , Zuza V. , Kuzmenko N.
Published: July 2022

Goal. Determine the species composition of weeds, their dominant role and establish the type and level of weediness of winter wheat crops by cultivation on black fallow, after peas for grain and winter wheat as forecrops in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Methods. The research was carried out by means of route surveys in field experiments located in a stationary nine-field steam-grain-row crop rotation and in a monoculture of winter wheat.

Results. In total, according to the results of research in 2011—17, 63 species of weeds were found in crops. In the conditions of crop rotation in the fields of winter wheat after black fallow and peas for grain, 50 species and 45 species were found, respectively, and in monoculture — 41 species. The largest number of spring early and late weeds (41—49%), and the second and third places were occupied by wintering, winter and biennial (33—37%) and perennial (18—22%). The main weeds in the crops were: after black fallow — Setaria glauсa, Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Solanum nigrum, Fumaria officinalis, Polygonum lapathifolium, Cyclachaena xanthifolia, Delphinium consolida, Viola arvensis, Erigeron canadensis, Cirsium arvense; after peas for grain — S. glauсa, Echinochloa crus-galli, C. album, A. retroflexus, S. nigrum, F. officinalis, P. lapathifolium, Stachys annua, Malva neglecta, Polygonum aviculare, D. consolida, Thlaspi arvense, V. arvensis, C. arvense, Convolvulus arvensis; after winter wheat — S. glauсa, E. crus-galli, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Fallopia convolvulus, Lactuca serriola, Capsella bursa-pastoris, D. consolida, Matricaria inodora, Crepis tectorum. In winter wheat crops, the largest share of dominance and subdominance, respectively, were Solanum nigrum L. (71%) and Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. (71%) after peas for grain. The type of weediness of winter wheat crops depended on the predecessor. In monoculture, there was a higher level of weediness of winter wheat than in crop rotation.

Conclusions. Rational selection of predecessors creates the basis for successful weed control in winter wheat crops.
Biological method of protection of apple trees from green apple aphids and apple scab in the conditions of the Pre-Carpathian province of the Carpathian mountain zone of Ukraine
Authors: Hunchak M.
Published: July 2022

Goal. To study the effectiveness of biological preparations to reduce the number and harmfulness of green apple aphids, as well as to reduce the spread and development of apple scab in apple orchards of the Precarpathian province of the Carpathian mountain zone of Ukraine.

Methods. Experiments to determine the technical and economic efficiency of biological protection of apple trees, study the phytosanitary status of apple orchards were conducted in 2016—2020 in the apple orchard of the Ukrainian Plant Quarantine Research Station of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS on apple orchards in 2005. Accounts for phytophagous population and the presence and development of diseases were carried out according to generally accepted methods in accordance with the phases of the host plant. The effectiveness of insecticides was determined by official methods in 2 and 7 days according to the formula of Henderson and Tilton, the effectiveness of fungicides — in 7 days. Statistical processing of research results was performed by the method of analysis of variance. Plant yield was determined during the third decade of September.

Results. The use of the studied bioinsecticides and their mixtures reduced the number of green apple aphids by 61.1—76.8% and provided, in comparison with the control, an increase in the yield of apple orchards by 1.7—1.9 t/ha while improving the marketable quality of fruits. The use of the studied biofungicides and their mixtures allowed to reduce the spread and development of scabies on apple leaves by 66.5—72.5% and on apple fruits by 68.7—73.3%. Due to the use of the studied biofungicides, the yield of orchards was 1.7—2.5 t/ha more than the control and increased the amount of first-class fruit products by 9.5—20.0% compared to the control and reduced the number of non-standard fruits by 11.3—14.8%.

Conclusions. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the studied bioinsecticides and biofungicides in apple orchards showed that all drugs allow to effectively control the number of green apple aphids and the spread and development of apple scab in the Precarpathian province of the Carpathian mountain zone of Ukraine.
TREATMENT OF A CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE CASE WITH REGENTIME® PROCEDURE
Authors: Rita T. Boulos  , Lea I. Nemer  , Vanessa J. Mansour  , Nassim H. Abi Chahine
Published: July 2022

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. It is characterized by airway and parenchymal inflammation leading to airway narrowing, decreased lung recoil, and eventual airflow limitation. Despite the advance in therapeutic approaches, no curative clinical treatment for COPD exists. We present the case of a 74-year-old gentleman diagnosed with COPD who underwent stem cell therapy with the Regentime® Procedure. This technique uses Autologous Bone Marrow -Mononuclear Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) which are partially differentiated and specifically redirected to the desired organ. Clinical follow-up 5 years after transplantation showed a decrease in major symptoms, including dyspnea, cough, fatigue, and decreased oxygen requirement. However, regression was registered during the past 2 years during which the patient’s oxygen requirement increased for optimal oxygen saturation. The results obtained support stem cell-based therapy as a promising therapeutic option for patients suffering from COPD.
KEYWORDS: Regentime® Procedure, Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
DISTRIBUTION OF HOME-BASED WORK IN CITIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR PLANNING AND POLICY IN THE PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: ZENKTELER Matthew , HEARN Greg , FOTH Marcus , MCCUTCHEON Marion
Published: July 2022

The rapid growth of home-based work raises questions about its long-term impacts on neighbourhoods and cities. By removing the need to commute, home-based work has the potential to advance the New Urbanism aspirations of walkable neighbourhoods in an urban village format where people live, work and play. Nonetheless, the uneven distribution of this emerging work practice, strongly associated with the socio-economic status of neighbourhoods, is exacerbating the risk of increased urban inequalities. This paper presents pre- and post-COVID data for the City of Gold Coast, Australia, and it discusses the urban distribution of home-based work by analysing the home-based workers’ locational preferences, their daily movement patterns, the preferred built environment outcomes, and the urban design features. The findings suggest that certain social and economic interactions tend to increase with the growth of remote work. These interactions, magnified by the COVID pandemic, offer opportunities to advance the New Urbanism aspirations of cohesive, walkable communities and neighbourhoods.
NECESSITY DETERMINATION OF RELOCATING THE CAPITAL CITY WITH A DEFENSIVE PLANNING APPROACH
Authors: ZALI Nader , MOUSAVI Mir Najaf , HEKMATNIA Hasan , EBRAHIMZADEH Issa , BAGHERI KASHKOLI Ali
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the necessity of moving the capital and its impact on economic, social, and environmental aspects with a defensive planning approach. Data collection tools are statistical documents and questionnaires. Indices examined contain 26 demographic, economic, environmental, infrastructure, health, and security-defense indices. To analyze the data, the statistical methods of spatial autocorrelation of Moran and Ripley's K function were used. The results show that centralization in the demographic, economic, and political dimensions of Tehran as capital city, along with the natural threats and crises such as floods and earthquakes, has led to underdevelopment and environmental issues. In addition, the unequal distribution of services in the provinces of the country and the centralization of services and facilities in the capital has raised the need to move the capital as a strategy. In this strategy, the government should pay more attention to the country's macroeconomics, especially the per capita GDP, including as well long-term forecasts and development plans for the provinces because only macroeconomic stability can lead to more stable economics in all parts of the country. Under such circumstances, any policy regarding the relocation of the capital will be easier in the future, and the economic and political stability of the country will not be disrupted.
ONLINE LEARNING ON STUDENT LEARNING MOTIVATION
Authors: Nia Kania  , Samjaji  , Hilmiy Ila Robbihi
Published: July 2022

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in various difficulties and limitations, one of which is the implementation of learning, related to policies for conducting online learning. Online learning is a form of distance learning that utilizes telecommunications and information technology, such as the internet and can lead to various types of interactions during learning. Learning methods using the internet and multimedia technology can change the way in which alternative learning is delivered in traditional classrooms. Through online learning, students and lecturers can interact without face-to-face using the internet. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of online learning on learning motivation of students of D III Dental Health Semester I at Tasikmalaya Health Polytechnic in 2021. Methods: This type of qualitative descriptive research is expected to reveal situations and problems encountered in online learning activities. Samples were taken by total sampling with a total of 38 respondents. Results: The results of the study using the chi-square statistical test obtained data that the significant value of was 0.012 (<0.05), which means that there is an influence of online learning on the learning motivation of students of D III Dental Health Study Program Tasikmalaya Health Polytechnic. Conclusion: There is an effect of online learning on the learning motivation of students of D III Dental Health Study Program Tasikmalaya Health Polytechnic.
Experiment: Abitur über meinen Roman „Vor dem Fest“
Authors: Stanišić Saša
Published: July 2022

Vor dem Fest ist kein einfacher Text. Es war nicht einfach, ihn zu schreiben, und ich war mir stets sicher, er ist auch zum Lesen, aufgrund der mosaikartigen Zeit- und Handlungsstruktur sowie der großen Zahl an Protagonist*innen, eine ziemliche Herausforderung, zumal für Hamburger Schüler*innen, die mit dem Schauplatz – einem Dorf in Brandenburg – wenig anfangen können.
Indexieren, parodieren, potenzieren.: Der Bibliothekskatalog von Saint-Victor bei Claude de Grandrue, François Rabelais und Johann Fischart
Authors: Fischer Jan
Published: July 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht drei Bibliothekskataloge: Den durch Claude de Grandrue kompilierten Katalog des Klosters Saint-Victor de Paris (1513/14), den fiktionalen Katalog derselben Bibliothek im siebten Kapitel von François Rabelais’ Pantagruel (1532–1542) sowie Johann Fischarts Catalogus catalogorum perpetuo durabilis (1590). Er fragt nach den epistemologischen, institutionellen und sozialen Kontexten der jeweiligen Kataloge und in welchem Verhältnis zueinander die Texte stehen.

The present contribution examines three library catalogues: the catalogue of the Abbey of Saint Victor compiled by Claude de Grandrue (1513/14), the fictional catalogue of that same library in the seventh chapter of François Rabelais’s Pantagruel (1532–1542) and Johann Fischart’s Catalogus catalogorum perpetuo durabilis (1590). It investigates the epistemological, institutional, and social contexts of each catalogue and the relationship between the texts.
L’Effet de catalogue.: Ambiguierung und Kata-Logik in Theodor Fontanes Roman „L’Adultera“
Authors: Reisener Marius
Published: July 2022

Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass die Erzählanlage von Theodor Fontanes L’Adultera (1882) ihren Ausgang in einer von Georg Büchmanns Geflügelten Worte geborgten ‚Kata-Logik‘ nimmt, verfolgt der Beitrag zwei Interessen. Einerseits steht die Verlaufsästhetik literarischer Formen im Fokus, die die performative Dimension von Katalogen allererst veranschaulichen kann. Andererseits soll L’Adultera als Katalogroman plausibilisiert werden, der Ambiguität zum sozialen und ästhetischen Paradigma seiner Zeit erklärt.

Based on the observation that the narrative structure of Theodor Fontane’s L’Adultera (1882) takes its starting point in a cata-logic borrowed from Georg Büchmanns Geflügelte Worte, the paper pursues two interests. On the one hand, it focusses on the progressive aesthetics of literary forms which can illustrate the performative dimension of catalogues in the first place. On the other hand, L’Adultera is considered a so-called catalogue novel that declares ambiguity to be the social and aesthetic paradigm of its time.
Perioperative Management in Patients with Temporary Pacemaker Who Underwent Craniotomy in Prone Position
Authors: Purwoko  , Ganitafuri Handayu
Published: July 2022

Introduction: As the incidence of the need for a pacemaker increases, an anesthesiologist may encounter patients with pacemakers who need surgery other than the heart. With enough knowledge, the outcome of patients with pacemakers undergoing procedures other than cardiac surgery can be optimized with the hope that mortality and morbidity can be avoided.

Case presentation: Male, 42 years old, with Temporary Pacemaker (TPM), programmed for evacuation craniotomy and decompression. The patient had Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) after the Percutaneous Intra Arterial Thrombolysis (PIAT) procedure 2 days earlier. The patient was stable during the operation, which lasted for 3 hours in the prone position.

Conclusion: The perioperative strategy should be customized based on the procedure, the needs and values of the patient, and the device attached. The primary focus of perioperative management in patients who underwent surgery is minimizing the possibility of electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Determinant of Behavioral Intention to Use E-wedding Gifts
Authors: Mawardi Ranti , Hendri Yeni Yulia , Pujani Vera
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived risk, perceived ease of use, and customer's attitude on behavioral intention to use e-wedding gifts in Padang. The type of research is explanatory research, with the research method being a descriptive survey that emphasizes quantitative methods. The sample is 160 users and those who intend to use the e-wedding gift in the city of Padang. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The data analysis method used Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results showed that perceived risk had a significant effect on perceived ease of use, perceived risk had a significant impact on customer attitude, perceived risk had no significant effect on behavioral intention to use, perceived ease of use had no significant effect on behavioral intention to use, and customer attitude has a significant impact. The behavioral choice to use and perceived risk significantly affect behavioral intention to use through customer attitude. This study has several significant findings for e-wedding gift providers. The researcher hopes that this research can be developed so that the use of e-wedding gifts as the adoption of banking technology and digital wallets for alternative wedding gifts can be implemented better.
The Role of Digital Innovation in SMEs: A Financial Performance Perspective
Authors: Mangifera Liana , Wajdi Farid , Amalia Farah , Uswatun Khasah Aulia
Published: July 2022

This research identifies the driving factors of SMEs' digital innovation and their effects on improving SMEs' financial performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, intending to discover the mediating role of digital innovation in improving SMEs' financial performance through innovation orientation, IT readiness, and digital capability. The type of research is quantitative with a sample of 188 SMEs actors in Surakarta and its surroundings who have adopted e-commerce and fintech, with SEM-PLS modeling analysis. The results show that digital innovation has an important role as a mediator for the variables of digital orientation, IT readiness, and digital capability that affect the improvement of SMEs' financial performance during the COVID 19 pandemic. SMEs that carry out digital innovation through e-commerce and fintech have increased financial performance compared to previously, this was seen from the percentage increase in sales and profits compared to the previous one. This research gives contribution to the new knowledge about the digital innovation of SMEs, the new conceptual framework that connects digital innovation with business performance from the perspective of financial performance. The significant positive effect of digital innovation on improving financial performance shows that it is important for small enterprise to improve their digitization skills and knowledge in business development to fulfill customer needs and improve performance for future business sustainability
Extracellular vesicles in metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease: mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic implications
Authors: Wu Zongmei , Xia Mengmeng , Salas Sandra Serna , Trillos-Almanza Maria Camila , Aguilar Magnolia Martinez , Arroyave-Ospina Johanna C. , Wang Junyu , Arrese Marco , Sydor Svenja , Bechmann Lars P. , van Vilsteren Frederike GI , Blokzijl Hans , Moshage Han
Published: July 2022

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing rapidly worldwide due to the obesity epidemic. Advanced stages of the MAFLD, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis are affecting global health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by all cell types and are important in cell-to-cell communication and maintaining homeostasis, but they also play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. EVs contain biological information such as lipids, proteins, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), small RNAs, and DNA, and they act on (distant) target cells. The cargo of EVs is dependent on the type and the state of the releasing cell. EVs have been proposed as biomarkers, prognostic, and even therapeutic agents, also in the context of liver diseases. This review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge on EVs in MAFLD, including the role and interaction of EVs with different cell types in the liver. Several aspects of EVs, including their origin, characteristics, cargo, and functions are reviewed. Moreover, the potential of EVs as targets for the treatment of MAFLD is discussed.
procesos de estabilización en la Administración local
Authors: Cantero Josefa
Published: July 2022

Se analizan en este trabajo los procesos de estabilización que ha previsto la Ley 20/2021, de 28 de diciembre de medidas urgentes para la reducción de la temporalidad en el empleo público.  Dichos procesos son adicionales a los que habían previsto las leyes de presupuestos generales del Estado de 2017 y 2018. Se caracterizan porque sitúan al empleado temporal en una clara situación de ventaja respecto de los demás candidatos que se presentan por libre, a quienes el propio Tribunal Constitucional denomina “aspirantes damnificados”. Algunas de las medidas que introduce la ley son especialmente polémicas por su incidencia en los principios constitucionales rectores del acceso al empleo público. Así sucede, por ejemplo, con la estabilización del empleo temporal de larga duración mediante un mero concurso o con la posibilidad de que puedan realizarse ejercicios de oposición no eliminatorios. Por lo demás, se estudian algunas de las especialidades previstas por la ley para el ámbito local.
Cambios necesarios para la viabilidad de las actuaciones urbanísticas de regeneración urbana
Authors: Iglesias Felipe
Published: July 2022

Se propone distinguir entre rehabilitación y regeneración de la ciudad. Las actuaciones de regeneración urbana deberían tener un régimen jurídico diferenciado para que fueran viables. Se establecen los caracteres jurídicos básicos que deberían tener los agentes regeneradores.
Das Reifen-/Fahrbahn-Rollgeräusch im Nah- und Fernfeld – Korrelationen zwischen Rollgeräuschanhängern und Einzelvorbeifahrten
Authors: Baumgartner Bernhard , Wehr Reinhard , Hoislbauer Heinz , Haider Manfred
Published: July 2022

Im Zuge des momentan laufenden Projektes ROSALIA [1] wurden mehr als 1800 km des hochrangigen österreichischen Straßennetzes befahren und das hierbei entstehende Reifen/Fahrbahn-Rollgeräusch mit zwei verschiedenen Rollgeräuschanhängern aufgezeichnet. Dies soll Einblick in eine mögliche Überführbarkeit der beiden Nahfeldmessmethoden geben. Auf Basis dieser Langstreckenmessungen wurden an ausgewählten Stellen jeweils Kenngrößen einzelner Vorbeifahrten von PKWs und schweren LKWs ermittelt, wodurch Untersuchungen des deckschichtabhängigen Rollgeräusches im Fernfeld möglich sind. Korrelationen zwischen Nah- und Fernfeld sind sowohl aus ökonomischer als auch fachlicher Sicht von großem Interesse. Mögliche Zusammenhänge von Gesamt- und Terzbandpegeln wurden daher für relevante Fahrzeugkategorien und Geschwindigkeiten separat untersucht. Hierbei wurde festgestellt, dass diese Zusammenhänge für PKW gegeben sind, für LKW jedoch nur in einzelnen Terzbändern zu finden sind.
ISLAMIC ETHNOCULTURE IN LANDSCAPE EXPOSITIONS OF BOTANICAL GARDENS
Authors:   Laboratory of Landscape Architecture and Ethnobotanical Research, Nikitsky Botanical Garden — National Scientific Center of the Russian, Kotova A.V. , Golosova E.I. ,   Laboratory of Landscape Architecture and Ethnobotanical Research, Nikitsky Botanical Garden — National Scientific Center of the Russian
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the world experience in the construction of ethno-cultural gardens, as well as the role and modern tasks of botanical gardens in this direction. In the last few decades, the appeal to the ethno-cultural visualization of horticultural traditions of different countries and peoples has become especially relevant and in demand. In different countries there are gardens in which the national spiritual and utilitarian culture is deeply reflected and they are world famous. These are usually Japanese, Chinese, French, Italian gardens. To a lesser extent, the gardens of Iran, India, and Pakistan are popular and well-known, reflecting the Islamic Garden culture, the origins of which are guessed in Persian Zoroastrianism. Expositions demonstrating the Islamic horticultural tradition are represented in very small numbers in botanical gardens, for example, in Germany or in the USA. In Russia, in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden – the National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a small exhibition project has been developed under the working title "Selsebil Garden". Its relevance is confirmed by the presence of carriers of Islamic culture in the Crimea, where it is represented mainly in architecture.
НЕИЗВЕСТНАЯ ЖЕМЧУЖИНА СРЕДИ ЯПОНСКИХ САДОВ ЗА РУБЕЖОМ (Японский сад в Батумском ботаническом саду, Грузия)
Authors:   Embassy of Japan in Georgia, Gverdtsiteli R. , Manvelidze Z. ,   Batumi Botanical Garden
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to bring attention of the Japanese Garden experts to the unknown pearl, real jewelamong Japanese gardens abroad, which was built in the beginning of the 20th century in the Batumi Botanical Garden, Georgia. We assume that this Garden has a significant value for the history of the Japanese gardens abroad, since it might be the oldest one on the territory of Imperial Russia. Japanese gardens, which has millennium-old history of religion and landscaping art, have begun their spread worldwide at the end of 19th – beginning of 20th centuries. The first examples were intended to introduce Japanese culture overseas and were connected to international events or as a part of an active cultural and political exchange between the countries’ governments 1. However, the building of the Japanese Garden at the Batumi Botanical Garden was not dedicated to any big international event. From this prospective, we can conclude that it is somehow unique in few aspects: historical, cultural and even diplomatically. Research question of the paper is: how and why the Japanese garden was built in Batumi? Our research on the Japanese Garden at the Batumi Botanical Garden will be limited due to the lack of materials on the topic. Some questions to be researched will still remain. Nonetheless, this paper is the attempt to summarize and analyze all sources on the topic available in Georgia.
Post-stroke aphasia management – from classical approaches to modern therapies
Authors:   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania, Schreiner Thomas Gabriel ,   Neurology Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Romanescu Constantin ,   Clinical Section IV, “Sf. Parascheva” Infectious Disease Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Schreiner Oliver Daniel ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania, Antal Dorin Cristian ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania,   Neurology Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Cuciureanu Dan Iulian ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania,   Neurology Department I, Emergency Hospital “Prof. N. Oblu”, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Post-stroke aphasia is an important topic in clinical rehabilitation neurology, affecting a significant number of stroke patients worldwide each year. Although the anatomical basis of aphasia has been explored for over a century, a revision of disease classification has led to a broader understanding of the subject and has stimulated the field of drug development to yield novel therapies. In this context, the authors commence the current narrative review by presenting the widely accepted aphasia classifications and the corresponding management practices. Subsequently, speech-language therapies are presented, with a focus on the widely preferred patient-centered approach. We conclude with a brief discussion regarding adjunctive treatment options such as pharmacological intervention, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, and virtual reality rehabilitation.
Management of unruptured brain aneurysms during pregnancy and puerperium
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Zidaru Ana-Maria , Paslaru Francesca Gabriela ,   Neurosurgical Department, Bagdasar-Arseni Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Paslaru Alexandru Catalin ,   Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Dr. Victor Gomoiu Children’s Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Aneurysms are sac-like dilatations of weakened wall areas within blood vessels. Cardiovascular related issues, such as hypertension, can put one at risk of developing such complications, with the possibility of rupturing. In the case of intracranial aneurysms, an outpouching forms where there is turbulent blood flow, often at the bifurcation of arteries. Depending on the morphology and location, different treatments need to be considered, but during pregnancy, further physiological changes also factor into decision making. In pregnant patients, intracranial hemorrhage cases are relatively low, yet they cause a high mortality rate amongst women, hence early detection and management of unruptured aneurysms is of significant importance.
A new rare homozygous mutation in the POLR3A gene causes ataxo-spasmodic leukodystrophy
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Belloua Hospital, CHU Tizi Ouzou, Nedir Mohamed, Algeria, Ahmed Hakim Si , Belarbi Ouardia ,   Department of Neurology, Belloua Hospital, CHU Tizi Ouzou, Nedir Mohamed, Algeria, Daoudi Smail ,   Department of Neurology, Belloua Hospital, CHU Tizi Ouzou, Nedir Mohamed, Algeria, Labauge Pierre ,   Department of Neurology, CHRU34-Gui de Chauliac Montpellier, France, Dallier Clarisse Carra ,   Department of Neurology, CHRU34-Gui de Chauliac Montpellier, France, Perrine Schmitt ,   Department of Neurology, CHRU34-Gui de Chauliac Montpellier, France, Pauline Sanchez ,   Department of Neurology, CHRU34-Gui de Chauliac Montpellier, France, Drunate Séverine ,   UF of Genetic Molecular, Robert Debre Hospital Paris, France, Cavé Hélène ,   UF of Genetic Molecular, Robert Debre Hospital Paris, France
Published: July 2022

Polymerase III (Pol III) related leukodystrophy is a rare class of leukodystrophy, recently recognized affecting the nervous system and other body systems with typical clinical presentation and imaging results. The diagnosis is made by characteristic combination of clinical signs, brain magnetic resonance imaging results and the presence of pathogenic biallelic mutations in specific genes: POLR3A, POLR3B, POLR3C which encode the RNA polymerase III enzyme subunits. We present the case of a 32-year-old young man who presented with spastic ataxia due to a new rare mutation in the POLR3A gene, splicing variant c.3892-5C > T.
Evaluation of extracranial carotid flow velocities in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke: A clinical study conducted in Turkey
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Private Siirt Hayat Hospital, Bahcelievler, Siirt, Turkey, Ertekin Ayfer
Published: July 2022

Objective. The mechanism underlying the relationship between carotid flow velocities and stroke events remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the relationship of flow velocity measurements with risk factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods. A group of patients between the ages of 41-90 who applied to Mengücek Training and Research Hospital in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between 2014-2015 due to acute ischemic stroke were included. Groups with large artery atherosclerosis and small-vessel occlusion according to the Toast classification were included in the study. Brain tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiography, high-resolution color Doppler Ultrasonography examinations were performed. Internal carotid artery peak-systolic and end-diastolic flow velocity, common carotid artery peak-systolic and end-diastolic flow velocity, internal carotid artery peak systolic-common carotid artery peak-systolic velocity ratio and common carotid artery intima-media thickness were measured with Doppler Ultrasonography. The relationship between carotid flow velocities and brain infarction volume, comorbid factors, biochemical variables, left ventricular systolic-diastolic dysfunction was defined by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. Outcomes. In acute ischemic stroke groups, a significant negative correlation between common carotid artery end-diastolic flow velocity and brain infarction volume, a significant positive relationship between common carotid artery peak-systolic velocity and smoking, a significant positive correlation between common carotid artery intima-media thickness and blood glucose and hba1c, a significant negative correlation between common carotid artery end-diastolic flow velocity and hypertension, a significant relationship between common carotid artery end-diastolic flow velocity and ischemic heart disease, an increase in cerebral infarction in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and a decrease in Internal carotid artery peak-systolic flow velocity in patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were detected. Conclusions. In clinical practice, Doppler ultrasound is currently the main diagnostic tool for evaluating the diagnosis of carotid stenosis. In stenosis in the carotid artery system, it should be known as a basic rule that the flow velocity in the stenosis area increases, except for in severe stenosis and four basic measurements should be made to determine the degree of stenosis clearly. These measurements are peak systolic flow velocity (PSV), end-diastolic flow velocity (EDV), peak-systolic flow velocity ratio (ICA/CCA PSV). The purpose of sonographic evaluation of the extracranial cerebral arteries is to prevent bad sequelae and permanent deficits together with cerebral infarction.
Identifying Exoplanets with Deep Learning. IV. Removing Stellar Activity Signals from Radial Velocity Measurements Using Neural Networks
Authors: de Beurs Zoe. L. , Vanderburg Andrew , Shallue Christopher J. , Dumusque Xavier , Cameron Andrew Collier , Leet Christopher , Buchhave Lars A. , Cosentino Rosario , Ghedina Adriano , Haywood Raphaëlle D. , Langellier Nicholas , Latham David W. , López-Morales Mercedes , Mayor Michel , Micela Giusi , Milbourne Timothy W. , Mortier Annelies , Molinari Emilio , Pepe Francesco , Phillips David F. , Pinamonti Matteo , Piotto Giampaolo , Rice Ken , Sasselov Dimitar , Sozzetti Alessandro , Udry Stéphane , Watson Christopher A.
Published: July 2022

Exoplanet detection with precise radial velocity (RV) observations is currently limited by spurious RV signals introduced by stellar activity. We show that machine-learning techniques such as linear regression and neural networks can effectively remove the activity signals (due to starspots/faculae) from RV observations. Previous efforts focused on carefully filtering out activity signals in time using modeling techniques like Gaussian process regression. Instead, we systematically remove activity signals using only changes to the average shape of spectral lines, and use no timing information. We trained our machine-learning models on both simulated data (generated with the SOAP 2.0 software) and observations of the Sun from the HARPS-N Solar Telescope. We find that these techniques can predict and remove stellar activity both from simulated data (improving RV scatter from 82 to 3 cm s−1) and from more than 600 real observations taken nearly daily over 3 yr with the HARPS-N Solar Telescope (improving the RV scatter from 1.753 to 1.039 m s−1, a factor of ∼1.7 improvement). In the future, these or similar techniques could remove activity signals from observations of stars outside our solar system and eventually help detect habitable-zone Earth-mass exoplanets around Sun-like stars.
Satellite Galaxies’ Drag on Field Stars in the Milky Way
Authors: Liang Xilong , Liu Jifeng , Zhao Jingkun , Xu Kun
Published: July 2022

With Gaia EDR3 data, velocity dispersion of Milky Way field stars around satellite galaxies has been investigated. We have fitted velocity dispersion against the distance to the satellite galaxy and found the gradient of velocity dispersion is related to the mass of the satellite galaxy. With order-of-magnitude approximations, a linear correlation has been fitted between the mass of the satellite galaxy and the gradient of velocity dispersion caused by its gravitational drag. Though our result is an observational qualitative result, it shows a better relation could be obtained with more observations in the future.
COMAP Early Science. II. Pathfinder Instrument
Authors: Lamb James W. , Cleary Kieran A. , Woody David P. , Catha Morgan , Chung Dongwoo T. , Gundersen Joshua Ott , Harper Stuart E. , Harris Andrew I. , Hobbs Richard , Ihle Håvard T. , Kocz Jonathon , Pearson Timothy J. , Philip Liju , Powell Travis W. , Basoalto Lilian , Bond J. Richard , Borowska Jowita , Breysse Patrick C. , Church Sarah E. , Dickinson Clive , Dunne Delaney A. , Eriksen Hans Kristian , Foss Marie Kristine , Gaier Todd , Kim Junhan , Lawrence Charles R. , Lunde Jonas G. S. , Padmanabhan Hamsa , Rasmussen Maren , Readhead Anthony C. S. , Reeves Rodrigo , Rennie Thomas J. , Stutzer Nils-Ole , Viero Marco P. , Watts Duncan J. , Wehus Ingunn Kathrine ,   (COMAP Collaboration)
Published: July 2022

Line intensity mapping (LIM) is a new technique for tracing the global properties of galaxies over cosmic time. Detection of the very faint signals from redshifted carbon monoxide (CO), a tracer of star formation, pushes the limits of what is feasible with a total-power instrument. The CO Mapping Project Pathfinder is a first-generation instrument aiming to prove the concept and develop the technology for future experiments, as well as delivering early science products. With 19 receiver channels in a hexagonal focal plane arrangement on a 10.4 m antenna and an instantaneous 26–34 GHz frequency range with 2 MHz resolution, it is ideally suited to measuring CO (J = 1–0) from z ∼ 3. In this paper we discuss strategies for designing and building the Pathfinder and the challenges that were encountered. The design of the instrument prioritized LIM requirements over those of ancillary science. After a couple of years of operation, the instrument is well understood, and the first year of data is already yielding useful science results. Experience with this Pathfinder will guide the design of the next generations of experiments.
COMAP Early Science. I. Overview
Authors: Cleary Kieran A. , Borowska Jowita , Breysse Patrick C. , Catha Morgan , Chung Dongwoo T. , Church Sarah E. , Dickinson Clive , Eriksen Hans Kristian , Foss Marie Kristine , Gundersen Joshua Ott , Harper Stuart E. , Harris Andrew I. , Hobbs Richard , Ihle Håvard T. , Kim Junhan , Kocz Jonathon , Lamb James W. , Lunde Jonas G. S. , Padmanabhan Hamsa , Pearson Timothy J. , Philip Liju , Powell Travis W. , Rasmussen Maren , Readhead Anthony C. S. , Rennie Thomas J. , Silva Marta B. , Stutzer Nils-Ole , Uzgil Bade D. , Watts Duncan J. , Wehus Ingunn Kathrine , Woody David P. , Basoalto Lilian , Bond J. Richard , Dunne Delaney A. , Gaier Todd , Hensley Brandon , Keating Laura C. , Lawrence Charles R. , Murray Norman , Paladini Roberta , Reeves Rodrigo , Viero Marco P. , Wechsler Risa H. ,   (COMAP Collaboration)
Published: July 2022

The CO Mapping Array Project (COMAP) aims to use line-intensity mapping of carbon monoxide (CO) to trace the distribution and global properties of galaxies over cosmic time, back to the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). To validate the technologies and techniques needed for this goal, a Pathfinder instrument has been constructed and fielded. Sensitive to CO(1–0) emission from z = 2.4–3.4 and a fainter contribution from CO(2–1) at z = 6–8, the Pathfinder is surveying 12 deg2 in a 5 yr observing campaign to detect the CO signal from z ∼ 3. Using data from the first 13 months of observing, we estimate P
CO(k) = −2.7 ± 1.7 × 104
μK2 Mpc3 on scales k = 0.051 −0.62 Mpc−1, the first direct three-dimensional constraint on the clustering component of the CO(1–0) power spectrum. Based on these observations alone, we obtain a constraint on the amplitude of the clustering component (the squared mean CO line temperature bias product) of

Tb

2

<
49

μK2, nearly an order-of-magnitude improvement on the previous best measurement. These constraints allow us to rule out two models from the literature. We forecast a detection of the power spectrum after 5 yr with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) 9–17. Cross-correlation with an overlapping galaxy survey will yield a detection of the CO–galaxy power spectrum with S/N of 19. We are also conducting a 30 GHz survey of the Galactic plane and present a preliminary map. Looking to the future of COMAP, we examine the prospects for future phases of the experiment to detect and characterize the CO signal from the EoR.
Eta Carinae: An Evolving View of the Central Binary, Its Interacting Winds and Its Foreground Ejecta
Authors: Gull Theodore R. , Hillier D. John , Hartman Henrik , Corcoran Michael F. , Damineli Augusto , Espinoza-Galeas David , Hamaguchi Kenji , Navarete Felipe , Nielsen Krister , Madura Thomas , Moffat Anthony F. J. , Morris Patrick , Richardson Noel D. , Russell Christopher M. P. , Stevens Ian R. , Weigelt Gerd
Published: July 2022

FUV spectra of η Car, recorded across two decades with HST/STIS, document multiple changes in resonant lines caused by dissipating extinction in our line of sight. The FUV flux has increased nearly tenfold, which has led to increased ionization of the multiple shells within the Homunculus and photodestruction of H2. Comparison of observed resonant line profiles with CMFGEN model profiles allows separation of wind–wind collision and shell absorptions from the primary wind P Cygni profiles. The dissipating occulter preferentially obscured the central binary and interacting winds relative to the very extended primary wind. We are now able to monitor changes in the colliding winds with orbital phase. High-velocity transient absorptions occurred across the most recent periastron passage, indicating acceleration of the primary wind by the secondary wind, which leads to a downstream, high-velocity bow shock that is newly generated every orbital period. There is no evidence of changes in the properties of the binary winds.
Study of Time Evolution of Thermal and Nonthermal Emission from an M-class Solar Flare
Authors: Nagasawa Shunsaku , Kawate Tomoko , Narukage Noriyuki , Takahashi Tadayuki , Caspi Amir , Woods Thomas N.
Published: July 2022

We conduct a wide-band X-ray spectral analysis in the energy range of 1.5–100 keV to study the time evolution of the M7.6-class flare of 2016 July 23, with the Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer (MinXSS) CubeSat and the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) spacecraft. With the combination of MinXSS for soft X-rays and RHESSI for hard X-rays, a nonthermal component and three-temperature multithermal component—“cool” (T ≈ 3 MK), “hot” (T ≈ 15 MK), and “superhot” (T ≈ 30 MK)—were measured simultaneously. In addition, we successfully obtained the spectral evolution of the multithermal and nonthermal components with a 10 s cadence, which corresponds to the Alfvén timescale in the solar corona. We find that the emission measures of the cool and hot thermal components are drastically increasing more than hundreds of times and the superhot thermal component is gradually appearing after the peak of the nonthermal emission. We also study the microwave spectra obtained by the Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters, and we find that there is continuous gyrosynchrotron emission from mildly relativistic nonthermal electrons. In addition, we conducted a differential emission measure (DEM) analysis by using Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory and determined that the DEM of cool plasma increases within the flaring loop. We find that the cool and hot plasma components are associated with chromospheric evaporation. The superhot plasma component could be explained by the thermalization of the nonthermal electrons trapped in the flaring loop.
Acceleration and Expansion of a Coronal Mass Ejection in the High Corona: Role of Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Zhuang Bin , Lugaz Noé , Temmer Manuela , Gou Tingyu , Al-Haddad Nada
Published: July 2022

The important role played by magnetic reconnection in the early acceleration of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) has been widely discussed. However, as CMEs may have expansion speeds comparable to their propagation speeds in the corona, it is not clear whether and how reconnection contributes to the true acceleration and expansion separately. To address this question, we analyze the dynamics of a moderately fast CME on 2013 February 27, associated with a continuous acceleration of its front into the high corona, even though its speed had reached ∼700 km s−1, which is faster than the solar wind. The apparent acceleration of the CME is found to be due to its expansion in the radial direction. The true acceleration of the CME, i.e., the acceleration of its center, is then estimated by taking into account the expected deceleration caused by the drag force of the solar wind acting on a fast CME. It is found that the true acceleration and the radial expansion have similar magnitudes. We find that magnetic reconnection occurs after the eruption of the CME and continues during its propagation in the high corona, which contributes to its dynamic evolution. Comparison between the apparent acceleration related to the expansion and the true acceleration that compensates the drag shows that, for this case, magnetic reconnection contributes almost equally to the expansion and to the acceleration of the CME. The consequences of these measurements for the evolution of CMEs as they transit from the corona to the heliosphere are discussed.
Excitation and Excavation of the Claws of the Southern Crab
Authors: Balick Bruce , Swegel Ashley , Frank Adam
Published: July 2022

We show that the Southern Crab (aka Hen2–104) presents an auspicious opportunity to study the form and speed of the invisible winds that excavate and shock the lobes of various types of bipolar nebulae associated with close and highly evolved binary stars. A deep three-color image overlay of Hen2–104 reveals that the ionization state of its lobe edges, or “claws,” increases steadily from singly to doubly ionized values with increasing wall latitude. This “reverse” ionization pattern is unique among planetary nebulae (and similar objects) and incompatible with UV photoionization from a central source. We show that the most self-consistent explanation for the ionization pattern is shock ionization by a fast (∼600 km s−1) “tapered” stellar wind in which the speed and momentum flux of the wind increase with equatorial latitude. We present a hydrodynamic simulation that places the latitude-dependent form, the knotty walls, and the reverse ionization of the outer lobes of Hen2–104 into a unified context.
Water UV-shielding in the Terrestrial Planet-forming Zone: Implications for Carbon Dioxide Emission
Authors: Bosman Arthur D. , Bergin Edwin A. , Calahan Jenny K. , Duval Sara E.
Published: July 2022

Carbon dioxide is an important tracer of the chemistry and physics in the terrestrial planet-forming zone. Using a thermochemical model that has been tested against the mid-infrared water emission, we reinterpret the CO2 emission as observed with Spitzer. We find that both water UV-shielding and extra chemical heating significantly reduce the total CO2 column in the emitting layer. Water UV-shielding is the more efficient effect, reducing the CO2 column by ∼2 orders of magnitude. These lower CO2 abundances lead to CO2-to-H2O flux ratios that are closer to the observed values, but CO2 emission is still too bright, especially in relative terms. Invoking the depletion of elemental oxygen outside of the water midplane ice line more strongly impacts the CO2 emission than it does the H2O emission, bringing the CO2-to-H2O emission in line with the observed values. We conclude that the CO2 emission observed with Spitzer-IRS is coming from a thin layer in the photosphere of the disk, similar to the strong water lines. Below this layer, we expect CO2 not to be present except when replenished by a physical process. This would be visible in the 13CO2 spectrum as well as certain 12CO2 features that can be observed by JWST-MIRI.