bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and gene knockdown to assess the contribution of nonsense-mediated decay, premature termination, and selenocysteine insertion to the selenoprotein hierarchy
Authors: Zupanic Anze , Meplan Catherine , Huguenin Grazielle V.B. , Hesketh John E. , Shanley Daryl P.
Published: May 2016

The expression of selenoproteins, a specific group of proteins that incorporates selenocysteine, is hierarchically regulated by the availability of Se, with some, but not all selenoprotein mRNA transcripts decreasing in abundance with decreasing Se. Selenocysteine insertion into the peptide chain occurs during translation following recoding of an internal UGA stop codon. There is increasing evidence that this UGA recoding competes with premature translation termination, which is followed by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of the transcript. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the susceptibility of different selenoprotein mRNAs to premature termination during translation and differential sensitivity of selenoprotein transcripts to NMD are major factors in the selenoprotein hierarchy. Selenoprotein transcript abundance was measured in Caco-2 cells using real-time PCR under different Se conditions and the data obtained fitted to mathematical models of selenoprotein translation. A calibrated model that included a combination of differential sensitivity of selenoprotein transcripts to NMD and different frequency of non-NMD related premature translation termination was able to fit all the measurements. The model predictions were tested using SiRNA to knock down expression of the crucial NMD factor UPF1 (up-frameshift protein 1) and selenoprotein mRNA expression. The calibrated model was able to predict the effect of UPF1 knockdown on gene expression for all tested selenoproteins, except SPS2 (selenophosphate synthetase), which itself is essential for selenoprotein synthesis. These results indicate an important role for NMD in the hierarchical regulation of selenoprotein mRNAs, with the exception of SPS2 whose expression is likely regulated by a different mechanism.
The piRNA pathway is developmentally regulated during spermatogenesis in Drosophila
Authors: Quénerch'du Emilie , Anand Amit , Kai Toshie
Published: May 2016

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are predominantly produced in animal gonads to suppress transposons during germline development. Our understanding about the piRNA biogenesis and function is predominantly from studies of the Drosophila female germline. piRNA pathway function in the male germline, however, remains poorly understood. To study overall and stage-specific features of piRNAs during spermatogenesis, we analyzed small RNAs extracted from entire wild-type testes and stage-specific arrest mutant testes enriched with spermatogonia or primary spermatocytes. We show that most active piRNA clusters in the female germline do not majorly contribute to piRNAs in testes, and abundance patterns of piRNAs mapping to different transposon families also differ between male and female germlines. piRNA production is regulated in a stage-specific manner during spermatogenesis. The piRNAs in spermatogonia-enriched testes are predominantly transposon-mapping piRNAs, and almost half of those exhibit a ping-pong signature. In contrast, the primary spermatocyte-enriched testes have a dramatically high amount of piRNAs targeting repeats like suppressor of stellate and AT-chX. The transposon-mapping piRNAs in the primary spermatocyte stages lacking Argonaute3 expression also show a ping-pong signature, albeit to a lesser extent. Consistently, argonaute3 mutant testes also retain ping-pong signature–bearing piRNAs, suggesting that a noncanonical ping-pong cycle might act during spermatogenesis. Our study shows stage-specific regulation of piRNA biogenesis during spermatogenesis: An active ping-pong cycle produces abundant transposon-mapping piRNAs in spermatogonia, while in primary spermatocytes, piRNAs act to suppress the repeats and transposons.
Tracking Context-Aware Well-Being through Intelligent Environments
Authors: Silva Fábio , Analide Cesar
Published: May 2016

The growth of personal sensors and the ability to sensorize attributes connected with the physical beings and environments are increasing. Initiatives such as Internet of Things (IoT)) aim to connect devices and people through communication channels in order to automate and fuel interaction. Targeted approaches can be found on the Smart Cities projects which use the IoT to gather data from people and attributes related to city management. Though good for management of new cities, well-being should as well be of principal importance. It regards users higher than infrastructure and managerial data. Taking lessons from ergonomic studies, health studies and user habits it is possible to track and monitor user daily living. Moreover, the link between user living conditions and sparse events such as illness, indispositions can be tracked to well-being data through autonomous services. Such application is detailed in the approach categorized by this article and the research presented
Comprendiendo las barreras para el desarrollo de las prácticas virtuales de los estudiantes en el Semester of Code
Authors: García-Peñalvo Francisco José , Griffiths David , Cruz-Benito Juan , Veenendaal Edwin , Achilleos Achilleas , Wilson Scott , Kapitsaki Georgia
Published: May 2016

La iniciativa Semester of Code organiza prácticas virtuales para estudiantes universitarios de toda Europa, trabajando en problemas reales de empresas que emplean software de código abierto en sus procesos de negocio. El proyecto fue bienvenido por todos actores involucrados, entre los que se encuentran varias empresas y fundaciones relacionadas con el software libre. Sin embargo, la respuesta por parte de los estudiantes fue menor de lo esperado. En este artículo se examinan las razones de ello, se discuten los resultados de la evaluación que se ha llevado a cabo. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones del trabajo realizado para las prácticas en empresas de los estudiantes y el Programa Knowledge Alliance de la Unión Europea.
Reguladores de crescimento na redução do porte da orquídea Estrela-de-Fogo para comercialização em vaso
Authors: Carvalho Patricia Reiners , Faria Ricardo Tadeu , Wanderley Christina Da Silva , Machado Neto Nelson Barbosa , Junior Oscar De Andrade
Published: May 2016

Fire-of-star (Epidendrum radicans Pav. ex Lindl.) is a terrestrial orchid, native to Brazil, tussocks with leafy stems, always with many adventitious roots, releasing its long inflorescence with about 1.0 m from the apex of the stem, showing great potential in floriculture, but long flowering stem complicates their marketing vase. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and mepiquat chloride (CLM) the reduction of the size of the orchid E. radicans. Plants with an average height of 15 cm were cultivated in a greenhouse with 50% shading. The growth regulators used were PBZ at doses of 0; 5; 10; 15 and 20 mg L-1, and the CLM at doses of 0; 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 mg L-1. The frequency of application was fortnightly, totaling ten applications. The experiment was installed on a randomized complete blocks, one block to the PBZ with 5 treatments and 10 replications and another block to the CLM, with 6 treatments and 10 replications. Data were submitted to analysis of variance at 5% probability and significance when seen performed regression analysis. The variables evaluated were number shoots, plant height (cm), number of flower stems and leaf area. The results indicated that E. radicans treated with 5 mg L-1 PBZ were 50% lower in height than the control plants. When CLM treated with a dose of 1 mg L-1 plants were 25% lower in height than the control plants, maintaining its aesthetic characteristics suitable for marketing in vases. Growth regulators in the applied doses did not affect the number of shoots and flower stems. PBZ treated plants had 50% of their leaf area compared to control while those treated with CLM doses remained with the same average leaf area of control.
Repeatability of volume calculations of the fetal urinary bladder
Authors: Sætherhaug Trude , Fasting Marit Hølmo , Røset Maria Aurora H. , Naylor Mike , K. Blaas Harm-Gerd
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the intra- and inter-observer variation of the manual 3D Virtual Organ Computer-aided Analysis (VOCAL) in calculating fetal bladder volume and compare results from VOCAL with Sonography-based Automated Volume Count (SonoAVC) and a mathematical calculation based on three radiuses.
METHODS: Forty-five women attending the second trimester routine scan at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway were included in a prospective observational study. 3D acquisition of the fetal bladder was performed with Voluson E8 and the results were compared with intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), repeatability coefficient and limits of agreement.
RESULTS: Good intra-observer agreement for both examiners was observed. ICCs were 0.98 and 0.99 and the repeatability coefficients were ± 27 and ± 25 mm3. However, we found a significant difference between the two observers. The mean difference was 20 mm3 (95% CI 9-32).  Inter-observer ICC was 0.96. The mean volume based on radiuses was 148 (SD 14) mm3 vs. 145 (SD 14) mm3 based on VOCAL and 161 (SD 16) mm3 based on SonoAVC. The mean volume based on SonoAVC was significant larger than volumes based on radiuses. The ICCs between methods were good and varied from 0.82 to 0.93. The mean time used in calculating volumes was 94 seconds using VOCAL, 86 seconds using SonoAVC and 28 seconds calculating from radiuses.
CONCLUSIONS: VOCAL and SonoAVC did not show advantages compared to calculations based on radiuses. Therefore, we recommend calculating volumes of spherical fetal organs from three radiuses because this method was easiest to perform.
Sensation in the urethra during voiding studied in young healthy men
Authors: Wyndaele Jean-Jacques , Borne Sigrid Van de , Wyndaele Michel , Wachter Stefan De
Published: May 2016

Objectives: Evaluate sensation in the urethra during voiding and the possible role of visual and audible impulses, in young healthy men.
Methods: In 10 healthy volunteers, 2 non-invasive uroflowmetries were done at desire to void and sensations felt during voiding were evaluated by questionnaire. Influence of  visual and audible input was studied by performing a uroflowmetry  while wearing blindfold eye patches and ear cups + earplugs.
Results: All  participants reported sensation of start of voiding, all but one of voiding stop. All felt clearly urine passage in the urethra  and 8 had a sensation of warmth in the urethra. Visual and audible blocking gave lowering in grades of sensation. To start voiding took a significantly longer time. It became difficult for some men  to determine accurately when the flow stopped.
Conclusions: Voiding elicited different types of sensation in the urethra in healthy young men. The sensation was independent of the uroflowmetry parameters. Blocking visual and audible signals influenced the sensory and voiding process.
When It Pays to Wait: Optimizing Release Timing Decisions for Secondary Channels in the Film Industry
Authors: Ahmed Sumaiya , Sinha Ashish
Published: May 2016

This study examines the optimization of interrelease timing decisions, focusing on box office and DVD sales in the U.S. motion picture industry. It aims to improve managerial decision making by jointly modeling the revenue in these two channels through a copula modeling approach. As in previous studies, the authors find that the time lag from box office release to DVD release should be increased to optimize total movie performance, but they conclude that previous studies have systematically underestimated the optimal time lag. This study is the first to challenge the assumption of a negative decay in DVD performance as a function of time; its results suggest that a delayed DVD release is still optimal for maximizing revenue in the DVD channel. This study's model suggests that, on average, individual movies are approximately eight weeks away from their optimal lag and that the net impact of optimizing would be improvements in total and DVD revenue by 2.5% and 5.6%, respectively. Therefore, this model is expected to enhance managerial decision making by offering the ability to predict the optimal time lag for individual movies.
Uncovering the Importance of Relationship Characteristics in Social Networks: Implications for Seeding Strategies
Authors: Chen Xi , Van Der Lans Ralf , Phan Tuan Q.
Published: May 2016

Seeding influential social network members is crucial for the success of a viral marketing campaign and product diffusion. In line with the assumption that connections between customers in social networks are binary (either present or absent), previous research has generally recommended seeding network members who are well-connected. However, the importance of connections between customers varies substantially depending on the relationship's characteristics, such as its type (i.e., friend, colleague, or acquaintance), duration, and interaction intensity. This research introduces a new Bayesian methodology to identify influential network members and takes into account the relative influence of different relationship characteristics on product diffusion. Two applications of the proposed methodology—the launch of a microfinance program across 43 Indian villages and information propagation in a large online social network—demonstrate the importance of weighting connections in social networks. Compared with traditional seeding strategies, the proposed methodology recommends substantially different sets of seeds that increased the reach by up to 10% in the first empirical application and up to 92% in the second.
Parental Restrictive Mediation and Children's Violent Video Game Play: The Effectiveness of the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) Rating System
Authors: Laczniak Russell N. , Carlson Les , Walker Doug , Brocato E. Deanne
Published: May 2016

This study seeks to determine whether Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) ratings are an effective tool for parents seeking to enhance their mediation efforts and ultimately reduce their children's play of violent video games (and their children's corresponding engagement in negative behaviors, such as getting in fights at school). Results demonstrate that children of parents who employ restrictive mediation efforts tend to play less violent video games, and the effect of these efforts is enhanced when parents use the ESRB system. This moderated effect also extends to reduce children's engagement in negative behaviors in school. These findings suggest that both the video game industry and the government could play a role in establishing and maintaining educational programs whose purpose is to inform parents/caretakers about the potential usefulness of the ESRB guidelines.
Alternative polyadenylation and RNA-binding proteins
Authors: Erson-Bensan Ayse Elif
Published: May 2016

Our understanding of the extent of microRNA-based gene regulation has expanded in an impressive pace over the past decade. Now, we are beginning to better appreciate the role of 3′-UTR (untranslated region) cis-elements which harbor not only microRNA but also RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites that have significant effect on the stability and translational rate of mRNAs. To add further complexity, alternative polyadenylation (APA) emerges as a widespread mechanism to regulate gene expression by producing shorter or longer mRNA isoforms that differ in the length of their 3′-UTRs or even coding sequences. Resulting shorter mRNA isoforms generally lack cis-elements where trans-acting factors bind, and hence are differentially regulated compared with the longer isoforms. This review focuses on the RBPs involved in APA regulation and their action mechanisms on APA-generated isoforms. A better understanding of the complex interactions between APA and RBPs is promising for mechanistic and clinical implications including biomarker discovery and new therapeutic approaches.
Logística urbana e planejamento territorial: uma abordagem política
Authors: De Oliveira Silva Fander , Rodrigues-Ferreira William
Published: May 2016

A globalização aprofundou suas estratégias capazes de fomentar a competição global e de definir os agentes hegemónicos dessa corrida, que de um lado estão grandes corporações em concorrência e de outro os trabalhadores em uma luta de classes, sendo os atributos expressos a esse globaritarismo os responsáveis pelo (re) ordenamento do território, impactando na política, economia e cultura da sociedade. Portanto, a problemática apresentada tem servido como referência para a importância de analisar o conceito de logística sob o olhar geográfico e empresarial, compreendendo asua atuação e limitações a partir de procedimentos metodológicos que abrange desde levantamento bibliográfico sobre a temática até o mapeamento das condições atuais do sistema de transportes de cargas na cidade.ABSTRACT Globalization has deepened its strategies to foster global competition and to set its hegemonic agents having, on one side, large corporations in competition and, on the other side, workers on a class struggle, where the attributes in this globalization process are the ones responsible for spatial planning of cities, thus impacting politics, economy, and culture of the society. Therefore, the problems stated have served as a significant reference to analyze the concept of logistics from a geographic and business perspective by understanding their role and limitations from methodological procedures that range from literature on the subject to the mapping of current conditions of the cargo transportation system in the city.
Omissões e seletividades da ciência política brasileira: lacunas temáticas e seus problemas sócio-epistêmicos
Authors: Tavares Francisco Mata Machado , Oliveira Ian Caetano de
Published: May 2016

Resumo O artigo parte do contexto de autorreflexão vivido pela ciência política no Brasil e identifica os principais trabalhos que contribuíram, nos últimos anos, para esse processo. Em seguida, propõe uma nova classificação para os tipos de pesquisa realizados na área, com uso de formas alegóricas que perfazem quatro tipos ideais. Avalia-se, então, a distribuição de cada tipo em meio à produção científica recente, sob a hipótese de que eles são igualmente relevantes e devem se distribuir de modo equilibrado entre os artigos publicados. Descobre-se, contudo, que há uma desproporcional prevalência de estudos associados a um só tipo alegórico e uma presença ínfima de trabalhos correspondentes àquele relacionado com a pesquisa sobre lutas, protestos e conflitos sociais. Identifica-se, assim, o caráter precário e estreito do espectro de temas pesquisados pela ciência política brasileira, a comprometer sua consolidação como campo acadêmico e sua solidez epistêmica.
Cartografia do pensamento político brasileiro: conceito, história, abordagens
Authors: Lynch Christian Edward Cyril
Published: May 2016

Resumo O artigo propõe um mapa da área acadêmica de estudos do pensamento político brasileiro (PPB) no âmbito da ciência política brasileira. Na primeira seção, o trabalho explica as razões da sua indeterminação terminológica e indaga seus significados conceituais como objeto e disciplina. Como objeto, em sentido lato, o PPB alude ao conjunto de ideologias de que a cultura política do Brasil é composta, apresentadas em um estilo de escrita "periférico". De um ponto vista estrito, o PPB se refere aos "clássicos" de nossa teoria ou ciência política, escritos antes da institucionalização universitária na década de 1970. Na última seção, considera-se o pensamento político como disciplina universitária dedicada ao estudo da história das ideias políticas no Brasil, descrevendo-se seu desenvolvimento, suas interpretações, seus pesquisadores mais notáveis e seus principais grupos de pesquisa: o mannheimiano, o lukacsiano e o gramsciano. O artigo conclui sugerindo o estreitamento das relações entre PPB e teoria política geral.
Influence of Piezosurgery on Bone Healing around Titanium Implants: A Histological Study in Rats
Authors: Sirolli Marcelo , Mafra Carlos Eduardo Secco , Santos Rodrigo Albuquerque Basílio dos , Holzhausen Luciana Saraiva, Marinella , César Neto João Batista
Published: May 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the influence of two techniques of dental implant site preparation on bone healing around titanium implants. Fifteen male Wistar rats (±300 g) were used in the study. Each tibia was randomly assigned to receive the implant site preparation either with a conventional drilling technique (control - DRILL group) or with a piezoelectric device (PIEZO group). The animals were sacrificed after 30 days and then the following histomorphometric parameters were evaluated (percentage) separately for cortical and cancellous regions: proportion of mineralized tissue (PMT) adjacent to implant threads (500 μm adjacent); bone area within the threads (BA) and bone-implant contact (BIC). The results demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences between both groups for cancellous BIC (p>0.05) and cortical PMT (p>0.05). On the other hand, a higher percentage of BA was observed in the PIEZO group in the cortical (71.50±6.91 and 78.28±4.38 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05) and cancellous regions (9.62±4.06 and 19.94±14.18 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). The piezosurgery also showed higher PMT values in the cancellous zone (9.35±5.54 and 18.72±13.21 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). However, the DRILL group presented better results for BIC in cortical region (80.42±10.88 and 70.25±16.93 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). In conclusion, for the implant site preparation, the piezosurgery was beneficial to bone healing rates in the cancellous bone region, while the drill technique produced better results in the cortical bone.
Analysis of the Early Stages and Evolution of Dental Enamel Erosion
Authors: Derceli Juliana dos Reis , Faraoni Juliana Jendiroba , Pereira-da-Silva Marcelo Assumpção , Palma-Dibb Regina Guenka
Published: May 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the early phases and evolution of dental enamel erosion caused by hydrochloric acid exposure, simulating gastroesophageal reflux episodes. Polished bovine enamel slabs (4x4x2 mm) were selected and exposed to 0.1 mL of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid (pH=2) at 37 ?#61472;?#61616;C using five different exposure intervals (n=1): no acid exposure (control), 10 s, 20 s, 30 s and 40 s. The exposed area was analyzed by AFM in 3 regions to measure the roughness, surface area and morphological surface. The data were analyzed qualitatively. Roughness started as low as that of the control sample, Rrms=3.5 nm, and gradually increased at a rate of 0.3 nm/s, until reaching Rrms=12.5 nm at 30 s. After 40 s, the roughness presented increment of 0.40 nm only. Surface area (SA) increased until 20 s, and for longer exposures, the surface area was constant (at 30 s, SA=4.40 μm2 and at 40 s, SA=4.43 μm2). As regards surface morphology, the control sample presented smaller hydroxyapatite crystals (22 nm) and after 40 s the crystal size was approximately 60 nm. Short periods of exposure were sufficient to produce enamel demineralization in different patterns and the morphological structure was less affected by exposure to hydrochloric acid over 30 s.
Oral Health in Elders with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ribeiro Giselle Rodrigues , Campos Camila Heitor , Garcia Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues
Published: May 2016

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate objectively and subjectively the oral health of elders with Parkinson's disease (PD), using clinical oral assessments and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Subjects included 37 removable prosthesis wearers, 17 with PD (mean age 69.59±5.09 years) and 20 without PD (mean age 72.00±5.69 years). The objective assessment included an evaluation of oral characteristics, including the number of remaining teeth, decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT), visible plaque index (VPI), salivary flow rate and removable prosthesis conditions. The subjective assessment included self-perception of oral health collected using the GOHAI index. The number of remaining teeth, DMFT, VPI, salivary flow rate and GOHAI data were compared between the groups using t-tests. Removable prosthesis conditions were analyzed using χ2 tests (p<0.05). There were no group differences in the number of remaining teeth, DMFT, VPI or salivary flow rate (p>0.05). Greater maxillary prosthesis defects were observed in the control group (p=0.037). GOHAI scores were low for the PD group and moderate for controls, yielding a group difference (p=0.04). In conclusion, elders with PD have similar oral health to controls. Although all elders had few remaining teeth, high DMFT and high VPI, PD elders had more negative self-perceptions of their oral health than did the controls.
Experimental model for the study of retrograde flow
Authors: Busato Cesar Roberto , Utrabo Carlos Alberto Lima , Lipinski Leandro Cavalcante , Netto Mario Rodrigues Montemór , Tolentino Eduardo de Souza , Nascimento Fernanda Aparecida de Oliveira Busato , Guilherme Filho Marcio Dias
Published: May 2016

Abstract Background Venous arterialization has been adopted as a strategy for salvage of limbs in critical ischemia without the distal arterial bed, with successful outcomes, but the mechanisms by which irrigation of the extremities takes place are still unknown. Objectives To develop an experimental model to test hypotheses that could explain the mechanisms of blood supply in venous arterialization. Methods Eleven pigs underwent a period of hind limb ischemia followed by reperfusion achieved by venous arterialization, after interposition of conduits filled with 10 ml (5 animals – group 1) or 1 ml (6 animals – group 2) of China Ink. After euthanasia, the limbs were amputated and underwent histological analysis. Results Under optical microscopy, ink staining was observed in the arteriolar lumen of six (55%) of the eleven pigs used in the experiment; four (80%) out of five from group 1 and two (33%) out of six from group 2. Conclusions The experimental model was capable of testing the hypothesis. The presence of China Ink in the arteriolar lumen shows that it is possible to supply the arterial vessels by means of venous arterialization.
Composição centesimal e mineral de plantas medicinais comercializadas no mercado do Porto de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: PEDRO F.G.G. , ARRUDA G.L. , OLIVEIRA J.C. , SANTOS A.D. , SIGARINI K.S. , HERNANDES T. , VILLA R.D. , OLIVEIRA A.P.
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a composição centesimal (cinzas, umidade, proteínas, lipídeos e carboidratos totais) e mineral (Na, K, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn e Zn) das plantas medicinais Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville), Carqueja (Baccharis trimera (Less) D.C.), Mangava-Brava (Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil.), e Quebra Pedra (Phyllanthus niruri L.) comercializadas no mercado do Porto de Cuiabá, MT. As amostras foram identificadas botanicamente por meio da exsicata feita no Instituto de Botânica da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Cuiabá. A composição centesimal foi determinada de acordo com as recomendações da Association of Official Analytical Chemists e a concentração dos minerais foi quantificada por Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica em Chama. Os resultados obtidos foram: umidade (7,72% a 12,10%); cinzas (1,64% a 8,44%); proteínas (2,36% a 9,35%); lipídeos (0,41% a 2,05%); carboidratos totais (72,09% a 82,37%) e, foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as amostras (p < 0,05). As concentrações dos minerais nas amostras variaram de 0,01 a 21,57 mg/g nas plantas secas e 0,01 a 32,17 mg/200mL das infusões. Os resultados médios obtidos indicam que, exceto para o K, Ca e Mn todas as amostras não apresentaram diferenças significativas (p ≥ 0,05) nas concentrações de minerais. A capacidade de extração dos minerais da matéria seca para a infusão obedeceu à seguinte ordem: Na>K>Zn>Cu>Mg>Mn>Ca>Fe. Os valores obtidos em 200 mL das infusões quando comparados aos índices diários recomendados para minerais sugerem que os chás avaliados podem ser fonte de minerais, principalmente de K e Mn.
Mineral, protein and nitrate contents in leaves of Pereskia aculeata subjected to nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Souza Maria Regina de Miranda , Pereira Paulo Roberto Gomes , Magalhães Ivan de Paiva Barbosa , Sediyama Maria Aparecida Nogueira , Vidigal Sanzio Mollica , Milagres Cléverson Silva Ferreira , Baracat-Pereira Maria Cristina
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Considering that nitrogen is directly related to leaf protein content, the nitrogen fertilization in Pereskia aculeata plants may affect the protein content and increase its nutritional potential. This study aimed at assessing the effect of nitrogen fertilization on mineral, protein and nitrate contents, as well as the yield of P. aculeata leaves. A randomized blocks design was used, with three replications and five treatments, consisting of increasing topdressing nitrogen doses (0-400 kg ha-1), in soil with organic matter content of 4.0 dag kg-1. Three harvests were performed for leaf analysis. No significant effect was observed for mineral and protein content or leaf fresh mass yield. The mean values for mineral composition were: 3.52 dag kg-1 of N, 0.47 dag kg-1 of P, 4.65 dag kg-1 of Ca, 0.71 dag kg-1 of Mg, 0.25 dag kg-1 of S, 36.64 mg kg-1 of Zn and 174.13 mg kg-1 of Fe. The mean content for protein was 21.86 % and the leaf fresh mass yield was 0.971 kg plant-1. K levels decreased from 50 kg ha-1 of N. Nitrate increased linearly with the nitrogen fertilization, reaching a maximum value of 78.2 mg kg-1 of fresh mass, well below the health risk threshold. It was concluded that a soil with high organic matter content does not require nitrogen fertilization. However, doses up to 400 kg ha-1 of nitrogen ensure adequate leaf yield and protein and mineral contents within the desired range for the species, being a food rich in proteins, iron and calcium.
Seed treatment, soil compaction and nitrogen management affect upland rice
Authors: Pinheiro Veneraldo , Nascente Adriano Stephan , Stone Luis Fernando , Lacerda Mabio Chrisley
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Water availability for cultivation of irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is decreasing worldwide. Therefore, new technologies are needed to grow rice under aerobic conditions, in order to produce rice grains without yield losses and with lower water consumption. This study aimed at determining the best combination of management options for producing upland rice. A randomized blocks design, in a factorial scheme, was used. The treatments consisted of a combination of five rice cultivars (BRS Caçula, BRS Serra Dourada, BRS Primavera, BRS Sertaneja and BRS Esmeralda) with two compaction pressures in the seed furrow (25 kPa or 126 kPa), two types of seed treatment (with or without pesticide) and two types of N management (all at sowing or all at topdressing). Applying N at sowing instead of at topdressing produced higher grain yield in the no-tillage system (NTS). Under this system, upland rice genotypes show higher grain yield with higher compaction pressure. Seed treatment with pesticide provided greater grain yield for the BRS Sertaneja, in NTS, and for all genotypes in the conventional tillage system (CTS). BRS Esmeralda, in NTS, and BRS Esmeralda and BRS Primavera, in CTS, were the most productive genotypes. Moreover, in NTS, the application of N at sowing and the compaction pressure on the seed furrow are important for increasing upland rice grain yield. In CTS, seed treatment is important to improve upland rice grain yield.
La formación de masculinidades hegemónicas en la clase dominante: el caso de la sexualidad en los colegios privados de elite en Chile
Authors: Madrid Sebastián
Published: May 2016

Resumen: Sobre la base de 41 historias de vida, de hombres y mujeres (de 19 a 45 años), ex-estudiantes de tres tipos de colegios privados de elite en Santiago de Chile, este artículo analiza el proceso de construcción de masculinidades hegemónicas en la clase dominante chilena. Se examina la forma en que la producción de distintos patrones de masculinidades se relaciona con cambios en la parte alta de la estructura social y se analiza el modo en que la sexualidad conecta la formación simultánea de estas masculinidades y de la clase dominante. Se contrasta la forma como estos colegios abordan la sexualidad y las prácticas sexuales de ex-estudiantes varones con mujeres de distintas clases sociales, especialmente, lo que los entrevistados llaman el "chaneo". Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para el estudio del poder y del privilegio en una sociedad de mercado.
Teste de Condutividade Elétrica em Lotes de Sementes de Schinus molle L.
Authors: Delazeri Pricila , Garlet Juliana , Souza Gabriela Fernanda
Published: May 2016

RESUMO Este experimento objetivou avaliar a eficiência do teste de condutividade elétrica para determinar a qualidade fisiológica de lotes de sementes de Schinus molle. No estudo foram utilizados três lotes de sementes armazenados por diferentes períodos (1, 8 e 12 meses), avaliando-se duas quantidades de sementes (50 e 100) e três volumes de água (25, 50 e 75 mL) para obtenção da solução de embebição e posterior leitura da condutividade elétrica. Foi realizado também o teste de germinação para melhor interpretação dos resultados. Observou-se que os três volumes de água permitiram diferenciar os três lotes para as duas quantidades de sementes utilizadas. O lote com menor período de armazenamento apresentou os menores valores de condutividade elétrica, apresentando melhor qualidade fisiológica e confirmando os resultados do teste de germinação. O teste de condutividade elétrica mostrou-se eficiente para a diferenciação de lotes de sementes de Schinus molle, podendo ser conduzido a 25 °C, com o uso de 50 sementes embebidas em 25 mL de água por 24 horas.
ESCOLA NA OU DA PRISÃO?
Authors: Julião Elionaldo Fernandes
Published: May 2016

RESUMO: Embora algumas experiências estaduais de educação para jovens e adultos em situação de restrição e privação de liberdade remontem há algumas décadas, somente a partir de 2005 é que se iniciam no Brasil encaminhamentos para implementação de uma política propriamente nacional, quando os Ministérios da Educação e da Justiça iniciaram uma proposta de articulação para implementação de Programa Nacional de Educação para o Sistema Penitenciário, formulando as suas diretrizes. Fundamentado em uma concepção crítica sobre o papel do sistema penitenciário na sociedade contemporânea, analisando as suas perspectivas políticas e pedagógicas, principalmente articulando os conceitos de garantias de direitos, políticas públicas, incompletude institucional e socialização, este artigo se propõe a investir na discussão sobre o papel da educação no sistema penitenciário, mais precisamente sobre a escola localizada no espaço carcerário.
Comparative analysis of ampoules and vials in sterile and conventional packaging as to microbial load and sterility test
Authors: Freitas Raphael Ribeiro de Aquino , Tardelli Maria Angela
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To compare sterility and microbial (bacteria and fungi) load in the outer part of hyperbaric bupivacaine (Neocaína®) in ampoule and bupivacaine in vial, in conventional and sterile pack formulations. Methods The sterile packs were divided into two groups: G1 (n=16) with ampoules and G2 (n=16) with vials. Conventional formulations were divided into two groups, being G3 (n=16) with ampoules and G4 (n=16) with vials. The ampoules and vials were opened and had their content drawn. The empty bottles were then placed in sterile plastic bags and sent for analysis of microbial load (bacteria and fungi) and sterility testing. Data were analyzed using the χ2 test with Yates correction, and 95% confidence interval. Results G1 and G2 showed no bacterial growth when compared to conventional groups (p<0.001). The most common agent in conventional microbiological samples was Staphylococcus aureus. There was no fungal growth in both groups. Conclusion The use of (sterile pack) reduces the microbial load of bottles, and would decrease the chance of exposure to potential contamination of the anesthetic solution.
Performance enhancement of green concrete
Authors: Suresh G Venkata , Karthikeyan J
Published: May 2016

Several factors, such as energy-saving methodologies and techniques and improved use of materials, need to be considered for the development of sustainable construction materials. In the present work, the feasibility of using industrial inorganic polymeric residual wastes as a total (100%) replacement for traditionally used normal concrete materials was examined in the preparation of geopolymer concrete (GPC). In this study’s GPC, the cement was replaced totally by fly ash (class F) and ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBFS), the fine aggregates were replaced totally by bottom ash, the coarse aggregates were replaced totally by water-cured fly ash aggregates (WCFAs), which were prepared by using class C fly ash by adopting the pelletisation technique. The GPC mixes were cast with WCFAs at 0, 10, 20 and 30% replacement of fly ash (class F) by GGBFS with different molar ratios of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions (8, 10, 12 M). The concrete was cured at ambient temperature only to minimise the water during water curing. The physical and mechanical properties of the GPC were studied by using the combination of all the mentioned materials. It was observed that the GPC mixes at 30% GGBFS with 12 M sodium hydroxide attained a maximum compressive strength of 38·94 MPa.
¿Cómo Perciben las Competencias Básicas los Docentes? Estudio Cualitativo sobre su Incorporación como Herramienta de Aprendizaje
Authors: Hortiguela Alcala David , Pérez Pueyo Ángel , Abella García Víctor
Published: May 2016

En este estudio, y debido a la relevancia que cobran actualmente las Competencias Básicas (CCBB) en el Sistema Educativo, se presenta la percepción que tienen los equipos directivos y los profesores de Educación Física (EF) sobre dicho elemento curricular. La muestra utilizada en la investigación abarca la totalidad de los centros de Educación Secundaria de la capital de Burgos (España), treinta. Se estudia, mediante el análisis descriptivo de una serie de cuestionarios cumplimentados por los docentes, la valoración que realizan éstos sobre la utilización de las CCBB como elemento de aprendizaje, evaluación y guía de estructura sobre los conocimientos fundamentales que debe adquirir el alumno. También se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de caso único como observador participante durante un curso escolar en un centro representativo de la muestra, con el fin de examinar detalladamente en el día a día la contribución a las competencias. Los docentes participantes, a pesar de considerar de manera favorable la integración de las CCBB en el aula, manifiestan una falta de información por parte de la Administración Pública, lo que deriva en una carencia en la formación del profesorado respecto a las posibles herramientas de aplicación en el aula.
O Olho Humano e os Mecanismos da Visão como Objeto de Ensino: Reflexões Sobre um Processo Colaborativo
Authors: De Bodas Flávia Renata Lemes , Viana Karine Bezerra , Errobidart Nádia Cristina Guimarães , Jardim Maria Inês de Affonseca , Da Silva Edy Wilson Ferreira Mendes
Published: May 2016

Este relato apresenta as reflexões iniciais sobre as ações de um grupo colaborativo quanto ao planejamento e execução de uma sequência
didática desenvolvida em seis turmas de segundo ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual do município de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Especificamente relatamos o trabalho colaborativo, desenvolvido por membros do grupo, de planejamento e aplicação de uma atividade composta de aula expositiva usando ferramenta tecnológica e uma atividade experimental demonstrativa sobre o processo de formação de imagens no olho humano e alguns defeitos de visão. O objetivo é evidenciar a importância atribuída pelos acadêmicos ao processo colaborativo desenvolvido na atividade. O tema da atividade sobre o olho humano foi selecionado após uma discussão, entre professores de Ensino Médio de escolas públicas de Campo Grande – MS, docentes da formação inicial do curso de Licenciatura em Física da UFMS e acadêmicos do curso. Os resultados sugerem que os primeiros passos em busca de um trabalho realmente colaborativo e que contribua para a formação reflexivacrítica dos futuros professores de Física estão no caminho certo. Os acadêmicos pontuam em seus diários de bordo que as discussões com os
professores regentes e demais membros do grupo auxiliaram na identificação de possíveis problemas vivenciados em sala de aula e propiciaram a reflexão sobre possíveis soluções.
Decision Making under Ambiguity and Time Constraints. Assessing the Multiple‐Streams Framework
Authors: Rüb Friedbert
Published: May 2016

Reimut Zohlnhöfer and Friedbert W. Rüb, eds. Decision Making under Ambiguity and Time Constraints. Assessing the Multiple‐Streams Framework. Colchester: ECPR Press. (ISBN 9781785521256)
Seleção de cultivares de cana-de-açúcar para a Zona da Mata Norte de Pernambuco I: Início de safra
Authors: Albuquerque A. P. C. , Bastos G. Q. , Dutra Filho J. A. , Souto L. S. , Maracajá P. B. , Simões Neto D. E.
Published: May 2016

Sendo os cultivares melhorados a base de sustentação e desenvolvimento do setor sucroeneregético no Brasil, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho agroindustrial de 26 cultivares de cana-de-açúcar na microrregião canavieira da Mata Norte de Pernambuco. O experimento foi conduzido na área agrícola da Usina Olho D’água, onde foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: toneladas de pol por hectare, toneladas de cana por hectare, fibra, pol % corrigida, pureza, teor de sólidos solúveis e açúcar total recuperável. Realizou-se a análise de variância conjunta dos experimentos e estimativa de parâmetros genéticos, as médias foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott e Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Realizou-se ainda a rentabilidade econômica bruta de cada cultivar.  Constatou-se que a seleção de cultivares superiores deve ser baseada nas variáveis TPH e TCH. Como opções de cultivo comercial para a primeira época de colheita destacam-se como mais produtivos, RB92579, RB867515, e RB942991.

Selection of sugarcane cultivars to the North Forest Zone of Pernambuco I: Home crop

Abstract: Improved cultivars are support base and development of energétic and alcohol sector in Brazil, aimed with this work was to evaluate the agroindustrial performance of 26 sugarcane cultivars in the microrregion da Mata Norte of Pernambuco. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural area of the sugarmill Olho d'gua, which was used a randomized block with four replications. The variables analyzed were tons of pol per hectare, sugarcane tons per hectare, fiber, corrected pol%, purity, soluble solids content and total recoverable sugar. Were conducted the variance analysis and estimation of genetic parameters, the averages were grouped by the Scott and Knott test at 5% probability. It was held still gross economic profitability of each cultivar. The selection of superior cultivars should be based on TPH and TCH variables. As commercial cultivation options for the first harvest season stand out as more productive, RB92579, RB867515 and RB942991.  
Doença negligenciadas e políticas púbicas
Authors: SILVA Everton Nunes da
Published: May 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as doenças negligenciadas no âmbito das políticas públicas que visam aprimorar os determinantes e condicionantes da saúde. Para tal, são analisados o Plano Brasil sem Miséria e Política Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde. O primeiro foi instituído com o objetivo de atingir a população com rendimento domiciliar igual ou inferior a R$ 70,00 por pessoa. O Plano está estruturado em ações nacionais e regionais baseadas em três eixos: i) garantia de renda ii) inclusão produtiva; e iii) serviços públicos. A segunda surge como um esforço interministerial – Saúde, Educação e Ciência e Tecnologia – para ratificar a importância do componente de ciência, tecnologia e inovação na saúde pública, visando desenvolver e otimizar os processos de produção e absorção de conhecimento científico e tecnológico pelos sistemas, serviços e instituições de saúde, centros de formação de recursos humanos, empresas do setor produtivo e demais segmentos da sociedade. Evidencia-se a necessidade de o SUS criar mecanismos de articulação para atingir o objetivo de mitigar os impactos negativos das doenças negligenciadas na população brasileira. Essa articulação não se restringe ao Ministério da Saúde isoladamente, mas com as demais instâncias do Estado, com os Ministérios da Educação, da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior, do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Pobreza. As duas políticas abordadas neste artigo sinalizam que é possível a cooperação das várias áreas da sociedade para a resolução desse problema específico da saúde.
Aboriginal Tourism as Sustainable Social-Environmental Enterprise (SSEE): A Tlingit Case Study from Southeast Alaska
Authors: Wanasuk Paphaphit , Thornton Thomas F
Published: May 2016

The Tlingit Aboriginal tourism enterprise named Icy Strait Point in Hoonah, Southeast Alaska is used as a case study to develop the new concept of Sustainable Social-Environmental Enterprise (SSEE). SSEE is defined as an innovative enterprise that has dynamic operational strategies while still maintaining its corporate core values and integrating social, environmental, cultural, economic and political (SECEP) sustainabilities in its operations. The SSEE framework assesses enterprises according to five domains of sustainability: social, environmental, cultural, economic, and political. Applying this framework, we find that while social, economic, and cultural sustainability goals have been achieved in a relatively short time by the Aboriginal tourism enterprise in Hoonah, the political and environmental spheres of sustainability are constrained by the dominant influence of the multinational cruise ship industry over tourism development. Thus, for an emerging tourism enterprise to be sustainable, we suggest each of these livelihood dimensions needs to achieve "a safe operating space" that is adaptable over time and to changing social and environmental circumstances.
Study of bio-efficacy and Phytotoxicity of New Generation Herbicides on Triafamone and Ethoxysulfuron in Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: DEIVASIGAMANI S.
Published: May 2016

The herbicides triafamone + ethoxysulfuron at (200g/ml/ha and 225 g/ml/ha) and triafamone (225 g/ml/ha) applied at 15 days after planting recorded the zero weed counts of individual species viz., grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds, weed dry matter production and weed control index favoring to higher grain yield of (5.2 and 5.34 t/ha). Triafamone + ethoxysulfuron (175 g/ml/ha) recorded the least weed count, weed dry matter and cent percent weed control index recorded at 42 days after application (DAA). Ethoxysulfuron (150g/ml/ha) was next in order. No phytotoxicity symptoms was observed in the treatments including double the recommended dose of triafamone + ethoxysulfuron (450 g/ml/ha and 225 g/ml/ha) in respect of leaf chlorosis, tip burning, necrosis, epinasty, hyponasty, vein clearing, wilting and rosetting.