bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reinventing the retail experience: The case of amazon GO
Authors: Anil Varma  , Yashswini Varde  , Samrat Ray
Published: March 2024

This case study examines the transformative retail concept of Amazon Go, developed by e-commerce giant Amazon, which revolutionizes the traditional shopping experience through the integration of advanced technology. By leveraging sensor fusion, computer vision, and deep learning algorithms, Amazon Go stores provide a seamless and frictionless shopping experience. Customers can simply walk in, grab the items they need, and leave the store without the need for checkout lines or cashiers. This case study explores the key features and technologies behind Amazon Go, its impact on the retail industry, and the challenges and opportunities associated with this innovative concept. By analyzing the disruptive nature of Amazon Go and its potential implications for traditional retail, this case study provides valuable insights into the future of the retail experience.
The correlation between parental education and childbirth sequence with the provision of early complementary feeding to children aged 1-5 years in the working area of the Lawahing Community Health Center, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati Fitria Amin  , Astika Gita Ningrum  , Ratna Diana Fransiska
Published: March 2024

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization(World Health Organization), exclusive breastfeeding is when the baby only receives breast milk from the mother without providing liquids or other solid food, except for syrup containing vitamins, mineral supplements, or medicines that a doctor has approved. Indonesia's exclusive breastfeeding coverage in 2021 is 61.33% (1), East Nusa Tenggara Province's success rate for exclusive breastfeeding is 57.8% (2), Lawahing Community Health Center's exclusive breastfeeding coverage is 30%, and the other 70% have been given complementary feeding from under four months of age. Objective: This study aims to analyze the correlation between parental education and childbirth sequence with the provision of early complementary feeding to children aged 1-5 years in the working area of ​​the Lawahing Community Health Center, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Methods: This research was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample from this study was 214 children aged 1-5 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variables in this study are parental education and childbirth sequence, and the dependent variable is early complementary feeding for children aged 1-5 years. The data analysis used was the chi-square test. Results: Based on the results of the chi-square statistical test, it was found that there was a significant correlation between parental education(p-value < 0.01) and childbirth sequence(p-value < 0.01) by providing early complementary feeding to children aged 1-5 years in the working area of ​​the Lawahing Community Health Center, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between parental education and childbirth sequence with the provision of early complementary feeding to children aged 1-5 years in the Lawahing Community Health Center, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara working area.
Marketing performance improvement strategy in lending KUR at ABC bank XYZ branch office
Authors: Fahmi Rahendas  , Nimmi Zulbainarni  , Muhammad Mukti Ali
Published: March 2024

Marketing performance is one of the important indicators of the success of companies including the banking industry in achieving the expected goals and targets. Increasingly fierce business competition in the industry has an impact on the difficulty in achieving the targets set at Bank ABC XYZ Branch Office, especially in the distribution of People's Business Credit in the region. The purpose of this study is to design strategies to improve marketing performance in KUR lending at Bank ABC XYZ branch. This research uses a mix method approach. Quantitative approach to analyze the relationship of the 7P marketing mix to marketing performance in KUR lending. While the qualitative method is designing marketing strategies through SWOT analysis. Sampling using census and purposive sampling. The census technique was used in the quantitative method, namely all employees of the KUR credit marketing section, totaling 65 people. Meanwhile, the purposive sampling technique was used in the qualitative test by interviewing two informants who served as managers and worked for more than 3 years in the KUR distribution section. The quantitative data analysis method was tested statistically using Smart PLS with a P-Value criterion ≤ 0.05. Meanwhile, the qualitative data analysis was tested descriptively qualitative. The results showed that Place; Promotion; People; Process; and Phsycal evidence had a significant effect on marketing performance. However, Product and Price proved to have no effect on marketing performance. The results showed that the strategic position in KUR lending is in quadrant 1, namely the company must carry out an aggressive strategy. Aggressive strategies that need to be carried out are by improving digital-based services that are more flexible both in simplifying the credit process and the potential customer feeder process; providing training, development and digitization to employees; conducting socialization and training on digital technology to customers and prospective customers at the work unit location; optimizing the KUR distribution quota to MSMEs through internal marketing communications including company groups and external parties; and building KUR corners for education and promotion in markets and keluharan offices that have not been reached.
Risk factors causing Diabetes Mellitus in children and adolescent in Indonesia: A literature review
Authors: Clara Devina Damayanti
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Indonesia is becoming an increasingly significant health issue. Although the pediatric population reached 83 million in 2010, only a few were recorded as having TIDM according to data from the Indonesian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology (IPS). Prevalence in Indonesia has increased sevenfold in the last 10 years, reaching 28.19 per 100 million population in 2010. The main obstacles involve lack of awareness in the community and limited access to insulin. Hereditary factors also play a major role in pediatric cases. In the first stage after diagnosis, education is key in management, with emphasis on basic understanding. dietary management, insulin use, and handling medical emergencies. Insulin doses are administered empirically, with adjustments according to the phase of the disease. Collaboration with stakeholders and policy advocacy are needed to improve the quality of care for pediatric Diabetes Mellitus patients in Indonesia.
Understanding the motivations behind political engagement in Zambia: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chanda Chansa Thelma  , Lufeyo Chitondo
Published: March 2024

Political engagement refers to the active participation of individuals or groups in the political process, such as voting, campaigning, attending rallies or protests, contacting elected officials, or joining political organizations. It encompasses any action taken by citizens to influence public policy, government decisions, or the political landscape in general. Political engagement is crucial for a functioning democracy, as it allows citizens to voice their opinions, hold elected officials accountable, and contribute to shaping the direction of their society. Hence, this journal article explored the multifaceted motivations that drive individuals to join politics in Zambia. Drawing upon a wide range of scholarly literature, empirical studies, and expert analyses, this paper examined the various factors influencing political engagement in the country. From historical legacies to socio-economic conditions, cultural dynamics, and institutional frameworks, the motivations for entering politics in Zambia are diverse and complex. By synthesizing existing research and providing critical insights, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics shaping political participation in the Zambian context. This study aimed to delve into the motivations driving political engagement in Zambia, seeking to provide insights that can inform policy interventions and enhance democratic practices.
How does job stress affect job satisfaction and Turnover Intention in Public Hospital, Gianyar, Bali?
Authors: Ni Made Dwi Puspitawati  , I Komang Oka Permadi  , Adhi Krisna Yuliawan
Published: March 2024

The desire to change jobs among hospital nurses is a critical issue related to service quality. Nurses have the desire to move if they feel work stress and the level of job satisfaction tends to decrease. Nurses' high stress levels will cause them to feel less satisfied with their work which will ultimately lead to their intention to leave the hospital. This research aims to (1) analyze the influence of job stress on turnover intention, (2) analyze the influence of job stress on job satisfaction, and (3) analyze the influence of job satisfaction on turnover intention. The sample in this study used a proportional sampling technique which was only aimed at nurses in four divisions, totaling 100 people. The data analysis technique uses SEM-PLS. The research results show that (1) work stress has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention, (2) work stress has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction, and (3) job satisfaction has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention. This research implies that a low level of stress at work will increase job satisfaction and reduce their intention to leave the hospital, especially as nurses know the consequences of their work.
A drug review on potency of Azhingil Vithai Thailam, Siddha Polyherbo formulation in the management of Ceganavatham
Authors: S.P. Radha  , S Aruldevi  , R. Archana  , S Yamini Priyadharshini
Published: March 2024

In Siddha system of medicine the diseases are categorized and concluded as 4448 diseases. Among these classification there are Vatha disease, Pitha diseases and Kabha diseases. The common Vatha disease are Thandaga Vatham(Lumbar spondylosis), Vathasthambam (Sciatica) and Cegana Vatham (Cervical Spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis is a disorder characterised by increasing degeneration of the intervertebral disc, with subsequent changes in the bones and soft tissues Symptoms are usually a manifestation of encroachment on local neural elements. The symptoms and signs appear to be related to the cause and time course of compression as well as the structures being compressed. Many formulations been indicated for the Cervical spondylosis, and one among these is Azhingil vithai Thailam. Every drug in the Azhingil vithai thailam possess the Anti- Vatha Property, hence this article provides the efficacy of Azhingil vithai Thailam on Cervical Spondylosis based on the Siddha literature and Modern science.
UPAYA PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PERKARA KECELAKAAN ANAK YANG MENYEBABKAN KORBANNYA MENINGGAL DUNIA
Authors: Annas Gilang Kresnanda
Published: March 2024

The high number of traffic accidents today is still a difficult problem to solve. Moreover, the current traffic problem also involves children in acts of violation of the law. Not even a few traffic violations committed by children can be fatal to other people and even to the loss of one's life. The results of this study discuss penal and non-penal measures that can be taken by the police in dealing with child accident cases that cause the victim to die. An approach that is deliberative to obtain justice using diversion and restorative principles is chosen to create justice for both perpetrators and victims.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG MEREK DAGANG TERDAFTAR DENGAN PENERAPAN PRINSIP FIRST TO FILE TERHADAP PIHAK LAIN (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN MA NOMOR 161K/PDT.SUS-HKI/2023)
Authors: Wibowo Sigit
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine and analyze the form of legal protection for registered trademark holders based on the first-to-file principle against other parties who have bad intentions in the form of resembling the reputation of the registered trademark. The research uses a statutory approach and a case approach related to applying the first-to-file principle for registered brand owners toward parties passing off the registered mark. Like the case of the registered trademark MS Glow in the Supreme Court cassation decision Number: 161K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2023). The qualitative analysis method is built based on data and substance originating or sourced from various literature, books, journals scientific works, laws, and regulations.

The result of this research is the legal protection for the registered trademark holder (MS Glow) to have the right to their trademark and the right to produce their cosmetic brand, and for other parties (PS Glow) to no longer use their brand because the principle of first to use and first to file exists in the owner of the MS Glow trademark. As a legal consequence of the Supreme Court's cassation decision, PS Glow must stop cosmetic products (PS Glow) and withdraw all PS Glow brand products from the cosmetics business. Considering that the result of this decision is a decision at the cassation level, the decision has permanent legal force.
ANALYZING NEGATIVE ADVERTISEMENTS FROM LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN INDONESIA AND THE IMPACT ON INDONESIA BUSINESS
Authors: Pramono Ardiyanto , Mumpini Danandaka
Published: March 2024

Negative advertisement has been a marketing strategy in Indonesia’s business world. However, the debate around this strategy has occurred due to divided opinion. While several parties agreed that it is a common practice, others are against negative advertisements since the impact will corrupt the vision of a sustainable economy in Indonesia entirely and have negative impacts on the development of Indonesian business. This research analyses the legality of negative advertisements in Indonesia in various contexts, such as Consumer Protection Law, Information and Electronic Transaction Law, and Fair Business Competition Law.

Later, the research will discuss the impacts of existing laws on negative advertisements and recommendations on how to tackle the negative impacts of negative advertisements. Finally, the research is done by the normative-judicial method. It explores the element of law-sociology to explain the phenomenon of negative advertisement and the future impacts due to the flaws of existing laws.
ANALISIS PENANGANAN KESALAHAN PROFESI MEDIS DAN KESEHATAN DALAM UU NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KESEHATAN MENURUT PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KESEHATAN
Authors: Soge Albertus D
Published: March 2024

Health Law is a Lex Specialist law used to protect providers and receivers of health services. The new Health Law, namely the "Omnibus Law" Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, makes changes in the regulation of handling medical and health professional errors. From the results of the discussion, it is concluded that the provisions for handling medical and health professional errors in Law Number 17 of 2023 have better protected medical and health personnel, but some provisions are not following the Health Law paradigm so that they can cause disadvantages on the side of providers and receivers of health services.
Kohti neuromoninaisempaa kaupunkia
Authors: Lundman Riina
Published: March 2024

Neurodiversity refers to the variability in people’s neurological or neurobiological characteristics, including, for instance, autism and ADHD. This paper examines how neurodiversity can be better considered in cities and in urban planning, which is a topic Finnish urban research has not previously covered. In this study, 13 representatives of Finnish disability organizations focusing on neurodiversity, brain health, and accessibility were interviewed. The study is based on qualitative content analysis, in which three different themes pertaining to neurodiversity and the city were recognized: 1) inclusion and diversity, 2) accessibility and design, and 3) participation and advocacy. The results indicate that a neurodiverse city is clear, calm, flexible, predictable, and tolerant. In conclusion, a more neurodiverse city promotes the inclusion of neurodivergent people through neuro-accessible urban planning while accepting people’s neurological difference and diversity.
Küçük Bir Dünyanın Öznesi Olmak: Küçük Dünya Romanında Anne- Kız İlişkisi
Authors: ÇAPCI SİPAHİ Sezaver
Published: March 2024

Emine Işınsu’nun ilk romanı Küçük Dünya, 1966 yılında yayımlanmıştır. Romanın anlatıcısı ve başkişisi Nur’dur. Roman hamile olan Nur’un eşi Ferit’i pencere önünde beklediği bir andan başlayarak Nur’un çocukluğuna, gençliğine, yaşadığı ilk aşka dair monologları da içeren bir anlatımla geçmişe akmaktadır. Romandaki teknik özellikler ve içerik, Küçük Dünya’yı modernist bir roman olarak nitelendirmenin mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Nur’un annesiyle ilişkisinin boyutları üzerine ifade edilen dikkatler, anne ve kız çocuğu arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyen psikanalistlerin yaklaşımlarıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Annesinin ideal küçük dünyasında yaşayan Nur, evlendikten sonra kendi küçük dünyasının öznesi olarak yaşamaya devam etmiştir. Murat ile zihnen yaşadığı aşktan vazgeçerek gerçek dünyaya ait gerçek yaşantılarla küçük dünyasından ayrılmak zorunda kalan Nur, romanın sonunda büyük bir tevekkülle kaderine razı olabilmeyi deneyimlemektedir. Küçük Dünya, anne ve kız çocuğu arasında gelişen farklılaşmak ve ayrışmak üzerine bir düşünceyi kalbinde taşıdığı için bireye, onun duygularına, bireyselleşmeye, sonuna kadar açtığı kapı nedeniyle Türk edebiyatı tarihinde özel bir yerde konumlandırılması gereken romanlar arasındadır.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Modernist roman, Küçük Dünya, anne ve kız ilişkisi.
Optimizing the Glass Bead Sterilization Protocol Focusing on Removal of Organic and Bacterial Intraoperative Contamination
Authors: Lewy Keith , Bova Jonathan , Erickson Timothy A , Rose Robert , Lawhon Sara D , Vemulapalli Tracy H
Published: March 2024

Validated glass bead sterilization protocols to effectively sterilize rodent surgical instruments after bacterial exposure (for example, cecal contamination) are lacking. To refine current approaches, we added either a multienzyme detergent, neutral pH detergent, or chlorhexidine scrub step before glass bead sterilization of forceps or needle drivers exposed to cecal contents. We exposed sets of forceps and needle drivers to cecal contents, which were then air dried for 3 min. Immediately after, the instruments were wiped several times with a clean, dry paper towel. The contaminated tips were soaked in either a multienzyme or neutral pH detergent (t = 5 min), chlorhexidine scrub (t = 2 min), or no pretreatment solution. To further increase debris removal, instruments (from all groups) were brushed using a clean toothbrush. The nonpretreatment instruments were briefly soaked in saline before brushing. After being rinsed with sterile water, all instruments were exposed to a glass bead sterilizer for 60 s at 500 °F (260 °C). Sets were then swabbed for bacterial culturing. Swabs were plated onto either sheep blood agar (n = 23) or chocolate agar (n = 20) for aerobic culturing or Brucella agar (n = 20) for anaerobic culturing. A subset of instruments was sampled to determine organic material presence after treatment using an ATP luminometer (n = 21). Multiple agar types and bioluminescence were used to more deeply evaluate tool sterility and to differentiate the relative effectiveness of each protocol. From the saline group, only one pair of forceps yielded growth on Brucella agar, and 2 pairs yielded growth on chocolate agar. No other bacterial growth was observed. The use of a pretreatment agent also lowered overall organic contamination levels in needle drivers compared with using only saline. These results indicate that brushing instruments to mechanically remove debris from instruments is paramount to ensure sterility. However, a best practice would be to also use one of the pretreatment options used in this study.
Penjatuhan Hukuman Terkait Masalah Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil
Authors: Rauzi Fathur
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui tolok ukur penjatuhan hukuman disiplin dalam pasal 4 huruf f sesuai dengan tingkat hukuman disiplin dan jenis hukuman disiplin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif - empiris yakni mencari data - data yang berada pada kepustakaan yang didalamnya ada peraturan perundang - undangan yang selanjutnya dielaborasi dengan pendekatan empirik yakni bekerjanya norma - norma tersebut dalam suatu institusi khususnya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 94 Tahun 2021 tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Penjatuhan hukuman disiplin bagi pelaku yang melakukan pelanggaran menurut penulis belum optimal karena masih rendahnya pemahaman terhadap peraturan perundang - undangan yang berlaku dan pengawasan yang tidak maksimal dari atasan langsung. Penjatuhan hukuman disiplin terhadap Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang melakukan  pelanggaran pada pasal 4 huruf f dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 94 Tahun 2021 tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil dibagi dalam tiga kategori yaitu : 1) kategori pelanggaran hukuman disiplin ringan tidak masuk kerja tanpa alasan yang sah secara kumulatif tiga sampai dengan sepuluh hari kerja selama setahun, 2) kategori pelanggaran hukuman disiplin sedang tidak masuk kerja tanpa alasan yang sah secara kumulatif sebelas sampai dengan dua puluh hari kerja selama setahun, 3) kategori pelanggaran hukuman disiplin berat tidak masuk kerja tanpa alasan yang sah secara kumulatif 21 (duapuluh satu) sampai dengan 28 (dua puluh delapan) hari kerja dan atau terus menerus selama 10 (sepuluh) hari kerja selama setahun.
Pelaksanaan Pemberian Izin Usaha Berbasis Risiko
Authors: Bimarasmana Muhammad , Mandala Opan Satria , Siddiq Nakzim Khalid , Yusuf Maula Syekh
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena masih banyak nya masyarakat atau pelaku usaha di Kota Mataram yang masih belum mengurus perizinan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan perizinan berusaha berbasis risiko pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Mataram yang memberikan kemudahan secara faktanya belum dapat meberikan kemudahan dalam proses izin usaha berbasis risiko, Metode penelitian yang penulis terapkan metode penelitian hukum normatif - empiris. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: pelaksanaan perizinan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah di Kota Mataram belum dapat memenuhi aturan sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang - Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 Tentang Cipta Kerja, Kesimpulan pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) terhadap perizinan berusaha berbasis risiko di Kota Mataram pada saat ini masih rendah dan masih banyak pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) yang tidak mendaftarkan usahanya.
Dasar Hukum Pembelaan Terpaksa (Noodweer) Dan Pembelaan Terpaksa Melampaui Batas (Noodweer Exces)
Authors: Refin Fergio Rizkya , Nur Azizi Salman Daffa'
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsep dari pembelaan terpaksa (Noodweer) dan pembelaan terpaksa melampaui batas (Noodweer Exces), serta apa saja dasar hukumnya. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, dapat disimpulkan: 1. Pembelaan terpaksa (Noodweer) ialah upaya yang dilakukan oleh individu dalam melindungi diri, karena adanya suatu serangan atau ancaman yang datang secara tiba-tiba dan bersifat melawan hukum. Noodweer harus memenuhi beberapa prinsip, yaitu prinsip subsidiaritas dan prinsip proporsionalitas. Dasar hukum Noodweer diatur dalam Pasal 49 Ayat (1) KUHP. 2. Noodweer exces merupakan pembelaan terpaksa yang melampaui batas dimana individu mengalami perasaan cemas atau takut yang berakibat terganggunya keadaan jiwa atau batin individu tersebut, sehingga individu mengubah serangan menjadi pembelaan diri yang berlebihan. Prasyarat yang membolehkan tindakan Noodweer exces adalah harus ada hubungan kausal antara serangan penyerang dan terjadinya guncangan psikologis yang parah pada korban serangan tersebut. Dasar hukum dari Noodweer exces terdapat pada Pasal 49 ayat (2) KUHP.
Maraknya Judi Online di Kalangan Anak Muda dalam Perspektif Hukum
Authors: Fanani Ahmad Farhan , Tritasyah Rafly Putra
Published: March 2024

Perjudian ini merupakan salah satu kasus aduan yang sulit diberantas bahkan sangat menjamur di Indonesia ini. Apalagi pada zaman sekarang perjudian juga pesat seiring perkembangan zaman dan teknologi saat ini. Dalam perjudian ini, tidak hanya dilakukan oleh pria dewasa, akan tetapi perjudian ini sudah merambah ke lingkup anak-anak, remaja dan perempuan pun juga terlibat. Secara pandangan biasa perjudian ini sudah menjadi hal lumrah ataupun menjadi kebiasaan, masyarakat mengganggap hal ini digunakan hanya untuk mengisi kekosongan waktu mereka. alternatif. Namun demikian, perjudian tetap merupakan tindakan melanggar hukum yang merugikan individu dan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Meskipun telah dilakukan tindakan yang cukup keras terhadap pelaku perjudian, namun masih diperlukan upaya yang lebih serius dan berkelanjutan untuk memberantas praktek ini dan menyadarkan masyarakat akan bahayanya. Dijelaskan bahwa konsep remaja adalah masa peralihan yang dilalui seseorang dari masa kekanakan menuju dewasa, atau bahwa pubertas merupakan perpanjangan dari masa kekanakan sebelum mencapai masa dewasa.
FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF STIFFENED CONICAL SHELL
Authors: Nacy Somer M. , Abdullah Mohammad Qasim , Abdulhadi Malik M. Ali
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a procedure for the free vibration analysis of stiffened conical shell by the finite element method. The element used is a modified eight-node superparametric shell element. The effects of the number and cross-section area of stiffeners on the conical shells were analyzed. The results showed that increasing the number of stiffeners and their cross-'i'ectional area tend to increase the natural frequency of the conical shell. These results are iompared with available research results and those obtained from MSC\NASTRAN .
A PC-BASED CNC MACHINE CONTROLLER
Authors: Sa'id Waladin K. , Al-Sudan Asaad A. M. , Saeed Abdul-RazakT.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the development of a flexible, modular, and cost-effective PC-Based CNC machine controller. Software is designed and developed to perform most of the standard CNC machines control functions. This software is capable of accepting and inteqpreting the standard CNC (G-Code) programs. [t also performs the most important CNC machine controller functions; namely, interpolation and feed rate control. The software has been developed using the Visual C++ programming language operating under WINDOWS environment. It has high flexibility and expandability that makes the task of future development easier. System perfonnance has been evaluated by applying the developed software to control an X-Y recorder,simulating a CNC machine.
BATTER PILES UNDER INCLINED COMPRESSIVE LOADS
Authors: Al-Shakarchi Yousif J. , Fattah Mohammed Yousif , Kashat Ihsan K.
Published: March 2024

The behaviour of batter piles under inclined compressive loads is of considerable importance,yet, not enough information is available in literature on the subject. The tests canied out in this paper were performed on a single inclined pile under various load inclinations in sand. The results indicate that the highest ultimate compressive load for vertical pile occurs at (30) load inclination. At small load inclinations, a positive batter pile has greater ultimate compressive load than that of a negative batter pile. The trend changes at higher Ioad inclinations. The slip surface analysis is recognised to be too complicated to have a definitesolution.
SIMULATION OF NATURALTY FRACTURED RESERVOIRS WITH SIMBESTII
Authors: Al-Jawa Mohammed S. , Al-Shaikhily Muhannad T.
Published: March 2024

Simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs is a laborious techniques, because there are two different porous media in which fluids exist and flow. The porous media exhibit wide variations in their physical properties. The matrix usually represents the major storage capacity while the fractures system provides the main paths of the flowing fluids. Several simulators have been constructed by specialist companies. One is the SimBestII, which is the product of Scientific Software- Intercomp. In order to simulate a reservoir properly by such simulator, one should have an idea about the equations and the procedures encountered in it.In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the general structure of SimBestll. The flow equations that are employed in SimBestII are investigated and some of the calculation procedures are clarified. The exchange term in the flow equations is discussed comprehensively and the justifications to reduce or magniff the imbibition rate are explored
PROTOCOL CONVERSION BETWEBN ADLP 80 AND IEC 870 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL STANDARDS USING FORMAL METHODS
Authors: Fara Sufyan T. , Tah Saleem M. R.
Published: March 2024

In this work, a protocol converter had been designed using formal methods in order to make a controlling station that supports ADLP 80 (ASEA) protocol stanclard able to communicate with a controlled station that utilizls another communication protocol called IEC 870 protocol standard, in a central control system. The two protocols are modeled using communicating finite state machine (CFSM) models. For simplicity, i converter is constructed for each application function using a conversion algorithm. Thii algorithm adopts a protocol data unit approach to derive the converter machine.
THE HOSPITAL AS A FLEXIBLE SYSTEM
Authors: Shahin Bahjat R. , Al-Aboudi Ahmed A. J.
Published: March 2024

The architectural hospital field can not be empty in its lowermost boundaries of dealing from capabilities of intemal integration for the hospitals; because they are coherent system of  relationships which depending on changes which affects them through the steps of design, construction and occupying, which create tools of dealing with methodology whicir participate in drawing general logical analytic plan.The main goal of this research is finding a method through which the changes included under heading constrains can be explained according to the main members which forms the model in its lowest most levels and system in high level, according to the hierarchy research headings.In This research we try to deal with determination of general characteristics, which can form the whole-system- for design and physical system through which the internal relationships of the system can be organized. First with qualitative technique for system analysis and the method of balancing which can constrict functional obsolescence and locational obsolescence in system; which make the subject of change easy in hospital system design according to the tbur objects of systems which are; purpose or goal. elvironment, hierarchy and operational processes. By these four objects we can make abase which is controlled by theory explaining the living system and organic structure.
NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: Mahmoud Khalid S. , Al-Sherrawi Mohannad H.
Published: March 2024

To study the nonlinear response of composite concrete beams, a finite element analysis is presented. Material nonlinearities as a result of nonlinear response of concrete in compression, crushing and cracking of concrete, strain softening and stiffening after cracking, yielding of reinforcement, bond- slip, shear-slip, and dowel action between the precast concrete beams and the cast-in-situ slabs are considered.A biaxial concrete model is adopted. Concrete is treated as an orthotropic material with smeared rotating crack model. The steel reinforcement is assumed to be in a uniaxial stress state and is modeled as a bilinear material. I A two-dimensional plane stress finite element type is used to model the concrete Reinforcement is represented by one-dimensional bar elements. Bond-slip and dowel action is modeled by using fictitious linkage elements with two springs at right angles. Shear-slip is modeled by using shear transfer in face elements with appropriate stiffness values Comparison between the results obtained by the finite element and available experimental results of composite concrete beams is made. The results compare satisfactorily with the experimental ones
CHEMICAL DE-EMULSIFICATION OF SOME IRAQI WET CRUDE OILS
Authors: Al- Soof Nimat B.Abu , AI- Shaikhily Muhannad T.
Published: March 2024

Production of Wet crude oil has been a growing field problem worldwide. Applications of the i:- .c methods and technologies to treat wet crude oil are needed to solve this problem and remove as much water as is economically possible. This paper deals with laboratory test to evaluate the relative efficiency of different emulsion breakets (de-emulsifiers) under different conditions.Five de-emulsifiers were used to treat wet crude oil from East Baghdad and Kirkuk oilfields. On the basis of a laboratory study, it is shown that using RP6000 (commercial) and NIPD de-emulsifiers achieved the best results; the latter was introduced in the present work. The de-emulsification rate is inlluenced i:o a great extent by the de-emulsifier concentration.Finally, it is shown that water *in-oil emulsions formed from kirkuk crude oil (low viscosity's and asphaltenes content) are less stable and more easily broken than those from the more viscous and S highly asphaltenes, East Baghdad crude oil.
ELASTIC AND KINEMATIC HARDENING PLASTIC BLAST INDUCED DEFORMATIONS OF UNDERGROUND TUNNELS B)I THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Al-Damluji Omar al-Farouk S. , Al-Ani Wisam A.
Published: March 2024

This research deals with the stress analysis of typical underground tunnels using isoparametric finite elements. Enhanced soflware is used for predicting and analyzing this behavior by using a single phase formulation. This software was developed from an original Computer code namea MXOYN The finite element method is used to solve the dynamic equiiibrium equation with step-by-step tirreintegration schemes. A selected type of dynamic load was chosen which is blast loading. Frictional and paniculate materials, i.e., concrete and soil, are considered. The soil and concrele structures arc analyzed where a dynamic elastic model for concrete and a linear elastic one for soil are used. The soil is further analyzed by a bounding surface plasticity model. Tlie stress wavcs havel and the reflection effects especially in the no tension materials, i.e., soil are investigated. The effects of blast loading are then analyzed hypothetically placing the explosion at the grourd surface. The stresses and displacements are computed at different sections.The nonlinear analysis utilizing the bounding surface plasticity characterization gave better predictions over the linear elastic model. The linear elastic model is proposed to be used as a first prediction of the problems encountered, but it is incapable of realizing the actual behavior under dynamic loads.
THERMAL GRADIENT EFFECTS ON THE DYNAMIC STRESSES, DEFORMATIONS AND VIBRATIONS OF ROTATIN(} GAS TURBINE BLADES
Authors: Jwee Muhsin J. , Jam Adnan N. , Attya Kasim A.
Published: March 2024

Rotating turbine blades are the important parts in gas turbines. Hence, an accurate estimation of stresses, deformations and vibration characteristics are required in the design to avoid failure and obtain an optimum weight and cost. Because in recent years interest in the effect of temperature on solid bodies has greatly increased, thremal effects are investigated in addition to the rotation of effects.This work presents the numerical solutions of the blade using degenerated curved shell theory, finite element package has been developed using the degenerated curved shell element as a discretization element in order to obtain the stresses, deformations and vibration characteristics of the rotating blades. The numerical results are compared with experimental and theoretical results :nthe published literature and they showed good agreement.
MASS AND MOMENTUM TRANSFER TO ELLIPSOIDAL BUBBLES AND DROPS
Authors: Kendoush Abdullah Abbas , Shake Abdul Nafi , Jamil Kaswar Ali
Published: March 2024

Semi-analytical solution for the resistance of the flow and convective heat and mass transfer over the surface of ellipsoidal bubble and a drop were obtained. The fluid flow solution utilized the viscous dissipation and the heat transfer solution was based on the integral method. New relations for the drag force and the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients were derived and compared with the available theoretical solutions and experimental correlations. The range of Reynoks number was from I to 100 and Weber number from 0 to 3.23.
STANDARD MBTHOD OF RMSE CALCULATION FROM POLYNOMIAL RECTIFICATION
Authors: Hussain Ruba Yousif , Ziboon Abd ul-Razzak T . , Hassun Khalid I.
Published: March 2024

Image quality and geometric accuracy of SPOT data are essential elements in cartographi: applications. The evaluation of geometric accuracy of SPOT data is carried out by analysis and quantification of the errors in geometric correction. For this purpose, many programs are designed to correct the image geometrically (polynomial transformation) and to calculate the root mea 1 square error (RMSE) by the standard method.

The standard method of calculating the RMSE is shown to be capable of providing accurate estimates of geometric error when a modest number of control points is available (between 10-15 points). This method also provides an indication of the effects of choosing differer t polynomial orders.
DYNAMIC FLTIX DISPLAY OF TRANSFORMER
Authors: Abbood Fathil A.
Published: March 2024

This work presents procedures to utilise the finite element results of magnetic flux density vector to create animation tile which displays rapidly successive frames, prepared by postprocessing ,leading to the effect of moving flux to the viewer .The method is applied to 2-D transformt or  model showing excellent animation effect of the alternating flux in both the core area and the leakage flux area. The method is useful in analysis as the dynamic flux monitoring gives more details than static display. The method can be used to produce instructional materials giving the student an impression of the natural behaviour of the electromagnetic devices.
SURFACE TREATMENT EFFECTS ON THE CORROSION OFREINFORCED STEEL IN CONCRETE EXPOSED TO DRYCONDITION
Authors: Yaro Aprael S.
Published: March 2024

The destroying of Tafel region in many cases is not due to complication u'ith mass transfer , butdue to IR - drop effsct specially in dilute solutions ( i.e., of high resistivity) . Accordingly, thecorrosion behavior of reinforcement in reinforced concrete was investigated using electro -chemical measurements. The work was carried out with small steel rods: cleaned and previouslyoxidized embedded in resistance Portland cement concrete cylinders exposed to dry conditions' Inthis investigation a theoretical model equation has been adopted including IR- drop term:AE =AEA +RAi = -bclogicorr.+ bclog/Ai/+R /Ai/In order to determine corrosion paiameters of iystem investigated (i.e., icorr., bc, and Rc. A)equation above was based on the analysis of cathodic Polarization curve free from mass transf'ereffect .It has been found that the corrosion curent of pre- oxidized steel is higher than the cleanedone , and this corrosion rate is concrete contaminant & time of exposure dependant. because of theimportance of electrical resistance of concrete & its relationship to the corrosion rate of reinforcingsteel. An attempt was made to find this resistance from the IR-drop term in the above mentionedequation.
DIRECTION OF ARRIVAL USING PCA NEURALNETWORKS
Authors: Mahomud V. A. , Hadi A. S. , Wafi N. K. , Taha S. M. R.
Published: March 2024

This paper adapted the neural network for the estimating of the direction of arrival (DOA). It usesan unsupervised adaptive neural network with APEX algorithm to extract the principal componentsthat in turn, are used by Capon method to estimate the DOA, where by the PCA neural network wetake signal subspace only and use it in Capon (i.e. we will ignore the noise subspace, and take thesignal subspace only)
FTIZZY CONTROLLERS FOR SINGLE POINTCONTROLLER-I (SPC-l) SYSTEMS
Authors: Marouf Lzzam A , Abdul-Wahab Omar W. , Kamel Luma A.
Published: March 2024

Advances in computer technology have introduced computers everywhere. One of the fields that the computers have entered is the field of process control and data acquisition systems. On the other hand, fuzzy control is emerging as an alternative to conventional control to control different systems. this paper is concerned with applying fuzzy control to a locally designed and manufactured process controller. This controller is designated by single point controller-1 (SPC-l)' It is basically a flexible and general-purpose, stand-alone, single-point controller. The CPU section of the SPC-1 is the AT89C5l general purpose microcontroller. The fuzzy controlalgorithms were imple-mented as programs to be executed by this microcontroller. These programs were written in C language and were translated to machine language by Keil8051 C compiler p Vision V5.1.
INVBSTIGATION OF SINGLE FILLET WELD FOR BUILT-UPMEMBERS
Authors: Al-sahib Nabeel K. , Sabri Laith Abed , Al -Ani Mohanned A.
Published: March 2024

The main purpose of this study is to investigated the single fillet weld design for built-up membersby using ftision welding and find the effects of welding power input on that design for member. Inthis work, investigation of welding metal for Low carbon steel plate type St.52-3, thickness 6-8rnm, which is to ensure good mechanical properties under high stresses for ( Welding metal , heataffected Zone (HAZ) and base metal ). Also it can be explain, that the effects of welding processeson the deformation and changes in mechanical and metallurgical properties due to high thermalenergy, results from welding process. This study involved: weld design, selection of suitableelectrode, evaluation of mechanical and metallurgical properties, the maximum allowable value ofsweep of welded mamber after ( fabrication and erection ) has been calculated, also leg and throughlength have been calculated for the welded Zone. The main results of this study are :- The value of sweep which occur before the erection and tightening is ( 29 mm. ).- The leg and through length of welding metal which welded by electrode type( E 7018 = OKUS ), its found equal to ( 4 mm. ).The study results can ensure good mechanical and metallurgical properties for signal filled weld( Built-up members ).' i
DEVELOPMENT OF A VALUB ENGINEERING MANAGEMENTSYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTIONPROJECTS IN IRAQ
Authors: Al-Ani Raji Z. , Sakou Zahair , Abdel Wahhab Abdel Wahab A.
Published: March 2024

The escalating cost of construction projects combined with the competitive nature of the constructionindustry requires the constant search for methods to increase the efficiency of such projects throughthe elimination of unnecessary costs while maintaining as well as improving levels of quality andperformance desired.Value Engineering (VE) offers an opportunity to achieve these goals, however, VE utilization by theconstruction industry in Iraq remains limited as hypothesized by the researchers. Hence, the reasonsfor this condition are worthy of investigation .Based on that, this research work has attempted toexamine the current status of implementation of value engineering methodology 'within the Iraqiconstruction industries, well as pinpointing areas of weakness in applying VE,The validity of the research hypothesis was tested by carrying out both an open and closedquestionnaires, where a sample of Iraqi professional engineers -working in both the public and privatesectors have participated in responding to the questionnaires. Analysis of responses to thequestionnaires has indicated the validity of the research hypothesis as well as identifying significantslips, which hinder the proper application of VE by the Iraqi construction industry. The researchershas proposed certain remedial actions to overcome these slips which have initiated the second majorobjective of the research work which entails the proposal of a "Value Engineering ManagementSystem" (VEMS) to facilitate the systematic application of VE methodology and techniques by theIraqi engineers.The evaluation process of the s)'stem by a number of experts has demonstrated approval andpossibility pf application in the field.
THREE DIMEI\SIONAL INTERSECTIOIN SBY AhIGULAR OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Al joboory Bashar Saleem.
Published: March 2024

The research introduces a new mathematical model for computing the position of points in space(X, Y, Z) by the intersection of inclined angles derived from the measured horizontal and verticalangles using spherical trigonometry principles with the aid of the conventional surveying instrument(Theodolite), The most probable value (m.p.v) of the position of a point should be computed by themethod of ieast squares when the redundancy in observations exists and then it provides us with theprecision indices for the computed coordinates.
PREDICTION OF TEMPERATURE DISTRTBUTION INFLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
Authors: Alani Hamed M.H. , Ismail Emad A. , Ahmed Namir G.
Published: March 2024

In the present study, finite difference method is proposed to use for the development of Mathematical model for the prediction of the pavement temperature distribution (PPTD) in flexible pavement.To simpli$ the mathematical calculation, Visual Basic language was selected to perform a progam that has a capability fc.: the Prediction of Pavement Temperature as a function of depth and time. To test its accuracy, the program was applied to predict the pavement temperature distribution on specific location in section (R12) from the Expressway No.l in Iraq. The output of this program appears to be in good agreement with the (R12) observed data. Therefore the program can be recognized for use in the prediction of the asphaltic pavement temperature distribution
REDUCING RESIDUAL STRESSES USING CRYOGENIC THERMAL TREATMENT
Authors: Al-samarrai Shakir K. , Al-Ammri Abd Al-Salam , Al-Ani Ghassan L'
Published: March 2024

This work deals with the reduction of residual stresses using cryogenic thermal treatment as all alternative to normal thennal treatment .The work was performed on a solid z-shaped model
component. Ihe models were fabricated from two difl'erent types of materials
(alloy steel & alumin:tm). If any residual stresses exist in a manufactured cornponent, then these residual stresses will have an effect on the natural frequency of that component. A new type of measurement method was used to measure the level of residual stresses present. The nahral frequency of the models at a stress fiee state was used as a reference. This method was also used to find the extent of the residual stress relief and percentage of reduction. Residual stresses were incluced by flame heating with different boundary conditions and at different rates of cooling. They were stress relieved by the use of liquid nitrogen (-198uC) and at different various treatment times. This rvas done to find the effect of time on the treatment. Reduction in residual stress level reached 92.38yo.'firis reduction was compared with a normal thermal stress relief. Also a comparison was macie between the two types of material that were stress relieved. It was found that over treatment tends to re-stress the models.