bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR MEASURING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN PT. BATURAJA CEMENT (PERSERO)
Authors: Ramadani Nursella , Brahmono Boris
Published: June 2024

The financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) for the period 2020-2022 needs to be evaluated to determine the effectiveness of management in managing the company's finances. The purpose of the study is to measure the financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) through financial statement analysis over the period 2020, 2021, and 2022. This study uses various types of financial ratios such as Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability. The research method used is qualitative with a quantitative approach. The data used is sourced from the financial statements of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis results show that the company has good liquidity because current assets are higher than current liabilities. The solvency ratio level is quite healthy. Although the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) indicates high debt, the low Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) values show that most of the assets are still funded by equity. The company's profitability level is less healthy. Although the Gross Profit Margin (GPM) shows positive results and is higher than the industry average, other ratios such as Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) indicate that the company has significant room for improvement in operational efficiency, cost management, and optimization of asset and equity utilization.
Keywords: Analysis, Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability
Fay Identities of Pfaffian Type for Hyperelliptic Curves
Authors:   Humboldt-Universit&, Borot Gaëtan ,   #228,   t zu Berlin, Germany, Buc-d'Alché Thomas ,   ENS de Lyon, France
Published: June 2024

We establish identities of Pfaffian type for the theta function associated with twice or half the period matrix of a hyperelliptic curve. They are implied by the large size asymptotic analysis of exact Pfaffian identities for expectation values of ratios of characteristic polynomials in ensembles of orthogonal or quaternionic self-dual random matrices. We show that they amount to identities for the theta function with the period matrix of a hyperelliptic curve, and in this form we reprove them by direct geometric methods.
Occupy Wall Street : moment ou mouvement ? La difficulté d’évaluer une mobilisation sociale
Authors: Ouaked Saïd
Published: June 2024

Les vingt dernières années ont été marquées par l'émergence de mobilisations sociales, comme Occupy Wall Street (OWS) aux Etats-Unis. Ces mobilisations ont été diversement interprétées : OWS a ainsi été considéré par certains comme un « moment » plutôt qu’un « mouvement ». Cependant, l’évaluation d’OWS soulève des questions complexes sur la nature et l’efficacité des mobilisations sociales, notamment en termes de durée et de résultats concrets. Les revendications d'OWS, centrées sur la justice sociale et la redistribution des richesses, n’ont pas eu les résultats espérés, conduisant à des débats sur la réussite ou l'échec du mouvement. Cependant, certains observateurs soutiennent qu’OWS a eu un impact durable en changeant le discours politique et en inspirant d’autres mouvements progressistes. En conclusion, l’héritage d'OWS demeure sujet à débat, mais il a contribué à redéfinir le paysage politique américain et à stimuler une nouvelle vague de mobilisations sociales.
Les Gilets jaunes : « nous sommes le peuple »
Authors: Puisais Eric
Published: June 2024

Le mouvement des Gilets jaunes a fait couler beaucoup d’encre. Le monde politique comme les chercheurs en sciences sociales ont produit des analyses, partagé des lectures. Etait-ce la peine d’en rajouter ? Cet article ne propose pas de revenir sur tout ce qui a été produit sur la question, mais plutôt d’observer théoriquement ce mouvement pour réfléchir à l’évolution contemporaine de la notion de peuple dans les différentes conceptions de la démocratie. Les aspirations des Gilets jaunes, comme la réponse qui leur a été apportée politiquement marquent une distinction révélatrice d’une crise profonde de la chose politique.
Les transformations de la mobilisation sociale en Colombie : de l’émergence des alliances intersectorielles aux grèves nationales (2010-2021)
Authors: Massal Julie
Published: June 2024

L’article propose une réflexion sur les transformations majeures de la mobilisation sociale en Colombie, alors que se produit la négociation puis la mise en œuvre de l’Accord de Paix avec la guérilla des FARC, au cours de la décennie 2010. On observe une recomposition des acteurs sociaux traditionnels (étudiants et paysans) mais surtout des alliances intersectorielles tissées entre acteurs ruraux et urbains. Les axes majeurs qui articulent ces alliances sont examinés et resitués dans le contexte du processus de paix fragile, dont les impasses ou les lenteurs exacerbent des attentes sociopolitiques demeurées longtemps inaudibles. Les alliances permettent une extension des stratégies de mobilisation, qui aboutissent aux grèves nationales en 2019-2021. Celles-ci favorisent la cristallisation de la revendication du droit à manifester pacifiquement, couplé à la dénonciation croissante de la répression, mais aussi de changements socio-culturels et économiques profonds. Le panorama colombien de la mobilisation sociale s’est donc réellement transformé, malgré la persistance de violences socio-politiques ancrées.
Quid des partis politiques en biorégion ?
Authors: Deneault Alain
Published: June 2024

La notion de biorégion implique une transformation profonde de notre culture géopolitique. Elle suppose que le préfixe géo- soit tout aussi important que le radical politique quand vient le temps de penser notre présence en des territoires. La biorégion est un ordre pour le moment imaginé qui considère à part entière le vivant, le sol et les cycles climatiques d’un lieu en lien avec le fait d’en faire partie. Il ne s’agit pas d’un projet mais d’un impératif historique que ne manqueront pas de provoquer les crises écologiques et sociales en cascades, en rapport avec le réchauffement climatique, la perte de biodiversité, la pollution massive, les tensions sociales s’ensuivant, la pénurie d’énergies et de minerais… Les gouvernements seront débordés et ne satisferont pas les besoins d’urgence. Cela entraînera nécessairement une refonte de la pensée politique traditionnelle. Conséquemment, le rôle des partis politiques de gouvernement et des assemblées politiques instituées s’en trouveront redéfini. La chose peut être d’ores et déjà imaginée et préparée.
De la politique de la rue à la lutte institutionnelle : le témoignage de deux militantes à travers le livre politique
Authors: Thouverez Ludivine
Published: June 2024

L’institutionnalisation de certains mouvements sociaux de l’après 2008 a conduit à l’émergence d’une nouvelle élite, dont les codes et les discours se veulent en rupture avec ceux des partis traditionnels. Catherine Dorion, de Québec Solidaire, et Gala Pin, de Barcelone en Commun, en sont des exemples. Femmes, féministes et militantes, elles ont fait le choix d’assumer des responsabilités politiques et de relater cette expérience dans les ouvrages autobiographiques Les Têtes Brûlées et ¿Qué Pinto yo aquí ? Fondé sur les apports théoriques de Christian Le Bart, cette contribution entend déterminer si l’écriture de ces deux figures du militantisme rompt avec les canons des livres (de) politiques habituels et rend compte d’une évolution de la praxis politique au cours de la dernière décennie. Nous verrons que ces autrices se distinguent par une posture de rejet des attitudes dominantes, et le fait de trouver dans l’écriture un outil d’affirmation de soi, de ralentissement du temps et de réappropriation du corps.
Winter Time Ichthyoplankton Assemblages Following Dense Mucilage Event in the Sea Of Marmara, Türkiye
Authors: Daban Ismail Burak , Yüksek Ahsen , Öztekin Alkan , Şen Yusuf , Altınağaç Uğur , Ayaz Adnan , İşmen Ali , Özekinci Uğur , Çakır Fikret , Uğur Gençtan Erman , Ayaz Oğuzhan , Demirkıran Tekin , Selçuk Buminhan Burkay
Published: June 2024

The community structure of ichthyoplankton after mucilage was investigated. For this purpose, three ichthyoplankton survey were conducted from 34 stations between December 2021 and March 2022. A total of 19 fish egg and 16 fish larvae species were identified. It was detected that the biodiversity of winter time ichthyoplankton was higher than previous studies. European Sprat, Sprattus sprattus had the highest mean biomass for both fish eggs and fish larvae, whereas Sardine, Sardina pilchardus had relatively low biomass. Karacabey Floodplain area, Büyükçekmece estuarine area and Erdek Bay were the most important spawning areas for winter spawners. It was found that ecosystem health of the Marmara Sea was suitable for fertilization, hatching and larval growth soon after the mucilage and hydrological regime recover itself immidiatelly.
Outcomes of combined mitochondria and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome therapy in rat acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis
Authors: Lin Kun-Chen , Fang Wen-Feng , Yeh Jui-Ning , Chiang John Y , Chiang Hsin-Ju , Shao Pei-Lin , Sung Pei-Hsun , Yip Hon-Kan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicated by sepsis syndrome (SS) remains challenging.

AIM

To investigate whether combined adipose-derived mesenchymal-stem-cells (ADMSCs)-derived exosome (EXAD) and exogenous mitochondria (mitoEx) protect the lung from ARDS complicated by SS.

METHODS

In vitro study, including L2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in vivo study including male-adult-SD rats categorized into groups 1 (sham-operated-control), 2 (ARDS-SS), 3 (ARDS-SS + EXAD), 4 (ARDS-SS + mitoEx), and 5 (ARDS-SS + EXAD + mitoEx), were included in the present study.

RESULTS

In vitro study showed an abundance of mitoEx found in recipient-L2 cells, resulting in significantly higher mitochondrial-cytochrome-C, adenosine triphosphate and relative mitochondrial DNA levels (P < 0.001). The protein levels of inflammation [interleukin (IL)-1β/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/nuclear factor-κB/toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9/oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2)/apoptosis (cleaved-caspase3/cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase)] were significantly attenuated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated L2 cells with EXAD treatment than without EXAD treatment, whereas the protein expressions of cellular junctions [occluding/β-catenin/zonula occludens (ZO)-1/E-cadherin] exhibited an opposite pattern of inflammation (all P < 0.001). Animals were euthanized by 72 h post-48 h-ARDS induction, and lung tissues were harvested. By 72 h, flow cytometric analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated that the levels of inflammatory cells (Ly6G+/CD14+/CD68+/CD11b/c+/myeloperoxidase+) and albumin were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2, and significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 than in group 5 (all P < 0.0001), whereas arterial oxygen-saturation (SaO2%) displayed an opposite pattern of albumin among the groups. Histopathological findings of lung injury/fibrosis area and inflammatory/DNA-damaged markers (CD68+/γ-H2AX) displayed an identical pattern of SaO2% among the groups (all P < 0.0001). The protein expressions of inflammatory (TLR-4/MMP-9/IL-1β/TNF-α)/oxidative stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/p22phox/oxidized protein)/mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/dynamin-related protein 1)/autophagic (beclin-1/Atg-5/ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I) biomarkers exhibited a similar manner, whereas antioxidants [nuclear respiratory factor (Nrf)-1/Nrf-2]/cellular junctions (ZO-1/E-cadherin)/mitochondrial electron transport chain (complex I-V) exhibited an opposite manner of albumin among the groups (all P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION

Combined EXAD-mitoEx therapy was better than merely one for protecting the lung against ARDS-SS induced injury.
Menggali Makna dan Implikasi Ut Omnes Unum Sint di Yohanes 17:20-23 Serta Implementasinya Dalam Realitas Kehidupan Gereja
Authors: Haisoo Musa , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Putrawan Bobby Kurnia
Published: June 2024

The “oneness of the church” is a struggle that gets attention in the intercession of the Lord Jesus, in John 17:20-23. “That they may all become one…” (ut omnes unum sint). The oneness of the church was implemented quite well in the early church. At that time the church lived all together and in the spirit of serving each other. However, conditions began to change when schism hit the church in the fifth century. Schism after schism which continues to last has damaged the harmony of inter-church relations, bringing forth attitudes and points of exclusivism towards one another. This condition is a fundamental obstacle in the efforts to uphold the church's oneness through the Oikoumene Movement. By using a qualitative research method, with a hermeneutical approach, the author attempts to explore the meaning of ut omnes unum sint based on the text of John 17:20-23. The author finds a fact that the oneness of the church desired by the Lord Jesus follows the pattern of the Trinity and that the Head of the Church stakes His glory above the oneness of His church. Therefore, the church needs to be aware of its responsibility to implement the hope in the intercession of the Lord Jesus by cultivating attitudes and inclusive points of view of one another.
 
“Keesaan gereja” merupakan seuah pergumulan yang mendapatkan perhatian di dalam doa syafaat Tuhan Yesus, dalam Yohanes 17:20-23. “Supaya mereka semua menjadi satu…” (ut omnes unum sint). Keesaan gereja nampak terimplementasikan dengan cukup baik di zaman gereja mula-mula. Pada masa itu gereja hidup dalam kesatuan dan dalam semangat saling melayani satu dengan yang lain. Namun keadaan mulai berubah sejak skisma melanda gereja sejak abad kelima. Skisma demi skisma yang terus terjadi hingga sekarang telah merusak keharmonisan hubungan antar gereja, melahirkan sikap dan pandangan eksklusivisme satu terhadap yang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali makna dan implementasi Ut Omnes Unum Sint dan implementasinya dalam realitas kehidupan gereja. Kondisi ini menjadi kendala mendasar di dalam usaha untuk menegakkan keesaan gereja melalui gerakan Oikoumene dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatis, dengan pendekatan hermeneutika, penulis berupa untuk menggali makna dari ut omnes unum sint berdasarkan teks Yohanes 17:20-23 tersebut. Penulis menemukan fakta bahwa keesaan gereja yang dikehendaki oleh Tuhan Yesus adalah sesuai dengan pola keesaan Tritunggal, dan bahwa Sang Kepala Gereja itu mempertaruhkan kemuliaan-Nya di atas keesaan gereja-Nya. Oleh karena itu gereja perlu sadar akan tanggungjawabnya untuk mengimplementasikan harapan dalam doa syafaat Tuhan Yesus tersebut dengan menumbuhkan sikap dan pandangan inklusif satu sama lain.
Moralitas dalam Eksposisi Kejadian 2:18-24:
Authors: Tandana Ester Agustini
Published: June 2024

Love is a central tenet of Christian ethics when it comes to moral absolutes. Indeed, what happens in our efforts to practice morals shows up in our reflections on the nature of morals as well. We are vulnerable to the temptation to reduce the biblical understanding of the rich moral meaning to its "outer shell alone, its echoes voiced most to express mercy in matters set forth by contemporary culture. We must dig deeper than the power of feelings. Passionate feelings of love cannot be equated with moral absolutes and cannot determine whether a person's sexuality is what it is. The ultimate authority to inform and control the desires of our hearts should rest with the Creator Himself. The modern phenomenon that occurs in the modern world cannot be considered as a so-called human right only, but this reality needs to be reviewed from what was raised in the exposition of Genesis 2. The LGBT phenomenon does not mean that people need to stay away and despise, but rather accept their humanity as humanity. This provides an opportunity for God to work in mankind's struggles. This study uses qualitative research that looks at the LGBT phenomenon in today's society. This phenomenon is then studied in previous research through literature, books, and journals to obtain research conclusions.
 
Kasih merupakan prinsip utama yang berada di pusat etika Kristen ketika berbicara moral absolut. Sesungguhnya yang terjadi dalam usaha kita untuk mempraktikkan moral muncul dalam refleksi kita tentang sifat moral juga. Diri kita rentan terhadap godaan untuk mengurangi pemahaman alkitabiah tentang makna moral yang kaya hanya pada “cangkang luarnya saja, gemanya paling banyak disuarakan untuk menyatakan belas kasihan dalam hal-hal yang dituangkan oleh budaya kontemporer. Kita harus menggali lebih dalam daripada kekuatan perasaan. Perasaan kasih yang menggebu-gebu tidak dapat disamakan dengan moral absolut dan tidak dapat menentukan apakah seksualitas seseorang tersebut memang kenyataannya seperti itu. Otoritas tertinggi untuk menginformasikan dan mengendalikan keinginan hati kita seharusnya ada pada Sang Pencipta sendiri. Fenomena LGBT yang terjadi di dunia modern ini tidak dapat dianggap sebagai hal yang disebut sebagai hak asasi manusia saja melainkan kenyataan ini perlu ditinjau dari apa yang diangkat dalam eksposisi Kejadian 2. Fenomena LGBT bukan berarti orang perlu menjauhi dan menganggap hina, melainkan menerima kemanusiaan mereka sebagai umat manusia. Hal ini memberikan kesempatan bagi Tuhan untuk bekerja dalam pergumulan umat manusia. Penelitian ini memakai penelitian kualitatif yang melihat fenomena LGBT dalam masyarakat sekarang ini. Fenomena ini kemudian dikaji dalam penelitian yang ada sebelumnya lewat literatur, buku-buku, jurnal-jurnal sehingga mendapatkan kesimpulan penelitian.
Analisis Konsep Tritunggal Allah dan Implikasinya berdasarkan Injil Yohanes
Authors: Pabisa Djonny , Eunike Pratiwi , Valentina Lista
Published: June 2024

The concept of the Trinity, referring to God as one essence in three Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, has been a subject of debate throughout Christian history. Although this doctrine is widely accepted in Christianity, its interpretation and understanding often vary among different Christian denominations and traditions. The type of research used is qualitative with a text analysis approach including text selection, text analysis, interpretation and theological context, and a study of relevant literature. The result is the concept of the Trinity in the Gospel of John, affirming the existence of one God who exists in three Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The three persons are distinct but equal and the same in essence and divinity. They interact and relate to each other in ways that cannot be understood by humans because they are carried out according to God's incomprehensible ways. The implication of understanding the principle of the Trinity opens a new perspective on how we can interact and work together in various aspects of our lives. Although we are different, we are interconnected and need each other. Like the Trinity, we can work together in harmony, supporting each other, and achieving greater goals together. 
 
Konsep Tritunggal Allah, merujuk kepada Allah sebagai satu esensi dalam tiga Pribadi: Bapa, Anak, dan Roh Kudus, telah menjadi subjek perdebatan sepanjang sejarah Kristen. Meskipun doktrin ini secara umum diterima secara luas dalam kekristenan, namun interpretasi dan pemahamannya seringkali bervariasi di antara berbagai denominasi dan tradisi Kristen. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis teks meliputi seleksi teks, analisis teks, penafsiran dan konteks tologis, dan kajian literatur yang relevan. Hasilnya, konsep Tritunggal Allah dalam  Injil Yohanes, menegaskan adanya satu Allah yang eksis dalam tiga Pribadi: Bapa, Anak, dan Roh Kudus. Ketiga pribadi berbeda namun setara dan sama dalam esensi dan keilahian. Ketiga pribadi saling berinteraksi dan saling berelasi satu sama lain dalam cara yang tidak dapat dipahami oleh manusia karena dilakukaan menurut cara-Nya Allah yang tidak dapat dijelaskan dengan akal manusia. Implikasi pemahaman tentang prinsip Tritunggal Allah membuka perspektif baru tentang bagaimana kita dapat berinteraksi dan bekerja bersama dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan kita. Meski kita berbeda, kita saling terkait dan membutuhkan satu sama lain. Seperti Tritunggal Allah, kita bisa bekerja bersama dalam harmoni, saling mendukung, dan mencapai tujuan yang lebih besar bersama-sama.
The role of the idea of the Caucasian Confederation in the socio-political life of the North Caucasian emigration in the 1920s–1930s in Europe
Authors: Бабич И.Л.
Published: June 2024

В статье проанализирована роль идеи создания Кавказской конфедерации как формы нового государства на Кавказе в общественно-политической жизни северо- кавказских эмигрантов в Европе в 1920–1930-е гг. Автор рассмотрел отношение к ней членов Зарубежной делегации Горской республики, идеологов различных северокавказ- ских партий («Народной партии горцев Кавказа») и общественных организаций в эми- грации. Северокавказские политики стремились создать исторический фундамент для распространения этой идеи в обществе (формирование идеи единой северокавказской нации, северокавказской идентичности) и т. д. Автор пришел к выводу, что северокав- казская эмиграция поддерживала идею Кавказской конфедерации, считая, что само- стоятельно они не смогут получить независимость для Северного Кавказа и создать собственное государство. В целом деятельность по поддержке идеи Кавказской кон- федерации для северокавказской истории оказалась малопродуктивной и малополезной.

The aim of this article is to study the role of the idea of creating the Caucasian Confederation as a form of a new state in the Caucasus in the socio-political life of North Caucasian emigrants in Europe in the 1920s–1930s. The author examined the attitude towards to the idea of members of the Foreign delegation of the Mountainous Republic, ideologists of various North Caucasian parties (“People's Party of the Caucasus Mountain People”) and social organizations in exile. North Caucasian politicians sought to create a historical foundation for the spread of this idea in society (formation of the idea of a single North Caucasian nation, North Caucasian identity), etc. The author came to the conclusion that the North Caucasian emigration supported the idea of the Caucasian Confederation, believing that on their own they would not be able to create independence on the North Caucasus and create their own state. In general, activities to support the idea of the Caucasian Confederation for North Caucasian history was unproductive and of little use for the socio-political life of North Caucasian emigrants in Europe in the 1920s–1930s.
Ideas about human dignity as a relevant factor of ethnic personality among Ossetians: historical and ethnological aspect of the problem
Authors: Хадикова А.Х.
Published: June 2024

В статье представлен историко-этнологический анализ субъективных пред- ставлений осетин о человеческом достоинстве как важнейшем факторе этнической лич- ности. На основе анализа письменных источников из области научного осетиноведения, а также собранного автором эмпирического материала предлагаются те конкретные кон- цепты и институции из области нематериального культурного наследия осетин, которые напрямую повлияли на складывание личностных идеалов этноса и способы их актуализации. Помимо этого, выявляется степень соответствия некоторых из них ценностным приори- тетам современных молодых этнофоров1-осетин. Автор приходит к выводу, что истори- чески сформировавшиеся идеалы, нормы и оценки представлений о «достойном» осетине входят в статическую часть этнического сознания осетин, что обеспечивает их ретран- сляцию в молодом поколении в том объеме, который позволяет студенческой молодежи иметь представление о личностных идеалах собственного народа и в определенной степе- ни ориентироваться на них.

The article presents a historical and ethnological analysis of the subjective ideas of Ossetians about human dignity as the most important factor of ethnic personality. Based on the analysis of written sources from the field of scientific Ossetian studies, as well as the empirical material collected by the author, those specific concepts and institutions from the field of intangible cultural heritage of Ossetians are proposed that directly influenced the formation and ways of updating the personal ideals of the ethnos. In addition, the extent to which some of them correspond to the value priorities of modern young Ossetian ethnophors is revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that historically formed ideals, norms and assessments of ideas about a “worthy” Ossetian are included in the static part of the ethnic consciousness of Ossetians, which ensures their retransmission to the younger generation to the extent that allows students to have an idea of the personal ideals of their own people and to a certain extent focus on them.
Another touch to the theory and practice of translation
Authors: Плиев И.И.
Published: June 2024

При переводе надо принимать во внимание хронологические рамки соз- дания произведения, культурные особенности среды, в которой создавался оригинал, грамматическую структуру языка переводимого текста, его содержание, возможную игру слов. Переводчик должен уметь найти разумный баланс между точностью перево- да и красотой слога.

When translating, one must take into account the chronological framework of the creation of the work, the cultural characteristics of the environment in which the original was created, the grammatical structure of the language of the translated text, its content, possible puns, and avoid the translator’s false friends. The translator must be able to find a reasonable balance between the accuracy of the translation and the beauty of the style.
Some of the main milestones in the history of the village of Razdzog / Emmaus (To mark the 185th anniversary of the village of Skut-Khokh – Emmaus – Razdzog)
Authors: Чшиева М.Ч. , Чшиев В.Т.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные вехи краткой истории селения Раздзог Правобережного района РСО-А (осетины называют село Эммаус). Этот небольшой насе- ленный пункт, расположенный у южного склона Кабардино-Сунженского хребта, был населен уже в эпоху бронзы. Памятники археологии, выявленные здесь, показывают наличие населе- ния последовательно от эпохи бронзы, через эпоху раннего железа, средневековья, до Нового времени. В 1839 г. эти земли были переданы за службу начальнику Осетинского военного округа генерал-майору русской императорской армии Муссе Кундухову с его братьями и род- ственниками. После переселения М. Кундухова в Турцию, с 1876 по 1887 г. здесь поселяется новый начальник Осетинского военного округа генерал-майор А.Ф. Эглау. В 1887 г. в поселе- нии появились немецкие и австрийские колонисты, которые и назвали свою новую родину в честь известного в Евангелии от св. Луки селения «Эммаус». Далее в статье коротко пред- ставлена жизнь Раздзога / Эммауса – от времени заселения в самом начале XX в. на место немцев осетин-куртатинцев до конца XX в.

The article discusses the main milestones in the brief history of the village of Razdzog in the Right–Bank district of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania (Ossetians call the village Emmaus). This small settlement, located on the southern slope of the Kabardino-Sunzhensky ridge, was inhabited already in the Bronze Age. The archaeological sites identified here show the presence of a population sequentially from the Bronze Age, through the Early Iron Age, the Middle Ages, to Modern Times. In 1839, these lands were transferred for the service of the Major General of the Russian Imperial Army to the head of the Ossetian military District, Mussa Kundukhov with his brothers and relatives. After M. Kundukhov's resettlement to Turkey, from 1876 to 1887, the new head of the Ossetian Military District, Major General A.F. Eglau, settled here. In 1887, German and Austrian colonists appeared here, who named their village by the biblical name "Emmaus". Further, the article briefly presents the life of Razdzog/Emmaus is briefly presented - from the time of settlement of Ossetians - Kurtatins in place of the Germans at the very beginning of the 20th century until the end of the 20th century.
Unique ribbon clays of North Ossetia
Authors: Тавасиев Р.А.
Published: June 2024

В статье изложена информация о находке древнеозерных ленточных глин белого цвета, их местоположении и происхождении. Глины белого цвета могли образо- ваться только под Скалистым хребтом, сложенным известняками и доломитами. Такие образования впервые выявлены и являются единственными на территории Республики Северная Осетия-Алания (восточная часть Центрального Кавказа).

The article contains information about the discovery of ancient lacustrine white ribbon clays, their location and origin. Clays of white color could only form under the Rocky Ridge, composed of limestones and dolomites. Such formations were first identified on the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (eastern part of the Central Caucasus) and are the only ones.
The role of science in the development of the oil industry in the USSR in 1920s-1940s
Authors: Шавшукова С.Ю. , Грачев С.Д.
Published: June 2024

В продолжение исследований истории производства минеральных масел и смазочных материалов, в контексте развития нефтедобычи и нефтепереработки в СССР, рассмотрен период 1920–1940 гг. Показаны объемы нефтедобычи и произ- водства нефтепродуктов. Приведены управляющие структуры, научные организации и промышленные предприятия, созданные и функционирующие в данный исторический период. Акцентируя внимание на положительных аспектах, показано, что развитие нефтяного хозяйства, несмотря на многочисленные сложности восстановительного периода, происходило высокими темпами, что внесло весомый вклад в формирование индустриального государства.

In continuation of the historical research of the mineral oils and lubricants production in the context of the development of oil production and refining in the USSR the period 1920s – 1940s is considered. The volumes of oil production and production of petroleum products are shown. The management structures, scientific organizations and industrial enterprises created and functioning in this historical period are given. Focusing on the positive aspects it is revealed that the development of the oil industry despite the numerous difficulties of the recovery period occurred at a high pace, which made a significant contribution to the formation of an industrial state.
Exhibits and collections of the Ore and Petrographic Museum of igem ras: from the mineral cabinet of the kunstkamera to the "systematic petrographic collection" of peter the great geological museum of the imperial Academy of Sciences (to the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences) Part 2: Collections from Mineral cabinets and educational institutions in Russia and Europe
Authors: Докучаев А.Я. , Крехан Г. , Гурбанов А.Г. , Кулаков Ф.В. , Каргин А.В. , Кондрашов И.А. , Курдюков Е.Б. , Смольянинова В.Н. , Суханов М.К. , Юдинцева В.А. , Юткина Е.В.
Published: June 2024

В Рудно-петрографическом музее ИГЕМ РАН и Минералогическом музее им. А.Е. Ферсмана РАН хранятся старейшие академические коллекции России, начало формирования которых связано с Петербург- ской Кунсткамерой. Приведены сведения об истории приобретения и поступления коллекций из Минеральных кабинетов России и Европы для Минерального кабинета Кунсткамеры, которые способствовали его преобра- зованию в академический Минералогический музей. Даны сведения о последующих поступлениях из коллекций учебных заведений, послуживших основой для создания Систематической петрографической коллекции Гео- логического музея имени Петра Великого Императорской академии наук.

The Ore and Petrographic Museum of IGEM RAS and the A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum of RAS contain the oldest academic collections of Russia, which was started with the St. Petersburg Kunstkamera. Information is given about the history of acquisition and receipt of collections from the Mineral Cabinets of Russia and Europe for the Mineral Cabinet of the Kunstkamera, which contributed to its transformation into the academic Mineralogical Museum. Information is given on subsequent additions from the collections of educational institutions, which served as the basis for the Systematic Petrographic Collection of the Peter the Great Geological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences.
Distribution of heavy metals in the Baksan river from its source to its outlet in the foothill zone
Authors: Курашева О.А.
Published: June 2024

В данной статье представлены результаты за 2019 г. исследования со- держания тяжелых металлов (ТМ) в р. Баксан и ее притоках первого порядка, начиная от истока до с. Заюково вниз по течению. Особое внимание уделяется р. Гижгит, протека- ющей в 15 км от работавшей ранее обогатительной фабрики Тырныаузского вольфра- мо-молибденового комбината (ТВМК), в русле которой находится третье (основное) хвостохранилище. Цель работы: дать пространственно-временную характеристику распределения концентрации ТМ в р. Баксан, а также ее притоках. Выявить влияние ТВМК на качество воды в упомянутой реке. Результаты химического анализа проб воды выявили максимум концентрации Mn в пробах р. Баксан, выше г. Тырныауза (45,0 мкг/л). Для р. Гижгит концентрации Mn составили 28,4 мкг/л. Концентрации остальных ТМ в отобранных пробах были в пределах ПДК, либо ниже предела обнаружения. Сравнение результатов анализа с содержанием других ТМ в разных точках отбора в р. Баксан, а также с данными других авторов выявили систематические загрязнения воды Mo, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr и Ni за разные гидрологические периоды, что свидетельствует о влиянии ТВМК на качество воды р. Баксан.

This article presents the results of the study of heavy metal (HM) content in the Baksan River and its tributaries of the first order, starting from the source to the village of Zayukovo downstream for 2019. Gizhgit, flowing 15 km from the enrichment plant of Tyrnyauz tungstenmolybdenum combine (TVMK), in the channel of which there is a third (main) tailings dump. Purpose of work: to give spatial and temporal characterization of distribution of TM concentration in the Baksan River, as well as its tributaries. To reveal the influence of TWMC on water quality in the mentioned river. The results of chemical analysis of water samples revealed maximum Mn concentration in the Baksan River samples upstream of Tyrnyauza (45.0 μg/l). For the river Gizhgit Mn concentrations amounted to 28.4 μg/l. Concentrations of other TMs in the selected samples were within MPC or below the detection limit. Comparison of the analysis results with the content of other TMs in different sampling points in the Baksan River, as well as with the data of other authors revealed systematic water pollution of Mo, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni for different hydrological periods, which indicates the influence of TWMC on the water quality of the Baksan River.
PENINGKATAN DAYA SERAP MATERI: SISTEM MULAZAMAH SEBAGAI SOLUSI PEMBELAJARAN SANTRI
Authors: Khoirun Fuad Rizal , Ahmadi
Published: June 2024

Learning is an obligation for every human being. Currently there are various learning methods used by various educational institutions. One of the learning methods used is what is called Mulazamah, which is the classic learning method of Salaf scholars. In this research we raised a theme around increasing the absorption capacity of material: the mulazamah system as a solution for student learning. The aim of this research is that it is hoped that it can provide an overview for many people so that they can add to their scientific knowledge. This qualitative method was chosen to provide an in-depth understanding and visuals of the implementation carried out. In the qualitative method, we as researchers will position ourselves as students, as well as society. Because basically testimony from experience and direct observation is needed in this discussion. In collecting data, participant interviews and literature study methods were used by studying data from various related references. This qualitative data analysis method was chosen because the data presented is in the form of interviews with participants, observation and documentation. Among the results of the research carried out was that the implementation of the mulazamah system was carried out by studying the books of the ulama, starting from adab, Arabic, fiqh and memorizing scientific texts.
Keywords: Mulazamah; Sharia Science; PPTQ Ar Royyan.
PREVALENCE OF TOXOCARA CANIS AND ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES OF THE COMMUNITY IN BISHOFTU TOWN, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
Authors: Aklilu Helen , Engdawork Aweke
Published: June 2024

A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of Toxocara canis, potential risk factors, and knowledge, attitude, and practices in Bishoftu, central Ethiopia. Fecal samples were taken from 300 randomly selected dogs of different sex, age group, breeds, and diarrheal status. The samples were processed using a flotation technique to detect the eggs of Toxocara canis. The current result revealed an overall prevalence of 32.33% (95% CI: 27.07 - 37.95) of Toxocara canis. The prevalence of the disease was 30.30% (95% CI: 22.61 - 38.90), 31.06% (95% CI: 23.30 - 39.70), and 44.44% (95% CI: 27.94 - 61.90) in young, adult and older dogs, respectively. The prevalence of Toxocara canis was 32.43% (95% CI: 26.77 - 38.50) and 31.71% (95% CI: 18.08 - 48.09) in female and male dogs, respectively. The present findings indicated that there were statistically significant links between the prevalence of Toxocara canis regarding dog breeds and diarrheal status (p < 0.05). The prevalence was higher in German Shepherd breed dogs (56.52%; 95% CI: 34.49 - 76.81) than in local dog breeds (30.32%; 95% CI: 24.97 - 36.11). The prevalence of the disease was higher in diarrheic dogs (46.48%; 95% CI: 34.55 - 58.71) than in non-diarrheic dogs (27.95%; 95% CI: 22.24 - 34.24). The knowledge, attitude, and practice assessment in the present study indicated poor dog management practices and insufficient public awareness. Most dog owners (56.7%; 95% CI: 50.85 - 62.35) did not deworm their dogs regularly, while 90.67% (95% CI: 86.79 - 93.71) fed dogs raw animal products. The present finding indicated that most respondents were not aware of zoonotic canine parasites (83.7%; 95% CI: 81.18 - 89.43) and toxocariasis (80.7%; 95% CI: 75.74 - 84.98). This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of Toxocara canis and lower public awareness about the disease. Therefore, this study recommends strategic deworming of dogs, better dog management, and increased public awareness in order to control the impact of the disease on animal and human health.
ZOONOTIC DISEASES AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: A DUAL THREAT AT THE HUMAN-ANIMAL INTERFACE
Authors: Qasim Shahroz , Khan Aman Ullah , Raza Ali
Published: June 2024

With over 200 zoonotic diseases and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microbes, a substantial threat looms over public health. If we are unable to cope with AMR, it suggests a potential of 10 million global fatalities by 2050. The evolving landscape of AMR transcends geographic boundaries and species, necessitating collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts. The interplay between humans, animals, and the environment highlights the profound significance of One Health in addressing these interconnected challenges. The imperative of multidisciplinary efforts to safeguard the health and well-being of our shared world, comprised of humans, animals, and the environment, can pave the way toward success. The role of surveillance, education, and public awareness in combating AMR and fostering responsible antimicrobial use is inevitable in addressing this global concern.
Key Words: Antimicrobial resistance, Zoonoses, One health
REVIEW OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) IN SMOKED ANIMAL ORIGIN FOOD; A SERBIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Vranešević Jelena , Vidaković Knežević Suzana , Kartalović Brankica , Škaljac Snežana , Plavša Nada , Mastanjević Krešimir , Novakov Nikolina
Published: June 2024

This review article presents various aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) found in smoked animal-derived foods. The article covers PAHs and smoking methods, their levels and origins, regulatory aspects, existing knowledge gaps, as well as their impact on human health and future prospects concerning smoked animal-derived foods from the Republic of Serbia. Given our tradition and the widespread appreciation for smoked meat among consumers, producers are increasingly incorporating smoking into the production process of various animal and non-animal food products to encourage consumption diversification. Over the past ten years, our research has included smoking in traditional and industrial conditions. So far, we have examined the presence of PAHs in meat products, fish products and honey. Research on PAHs in grilled and smoked cheese is underway, after which we the results of the presence of PAH compounds in all types of smoked animal origin food will be available. Our findings revealed the presence of PAHs in the majority of studies conducted in the Republic of Serbia. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain continuous monitoring of their levels. Additionally, there is a need to develop models and implement solutions aimed at reducing PAHs in animal-derived foods intended for human consumption.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITTUDES OF VETERINARY STUDENTS IN SERBIA TOWARD FARM ANIMAL WELFARE
Authors: Nenadović Katarina , Videnović Dunja , Đorđević Milutin , Đukić-Stojšić Mirjana , Vučinić Marijana
Published: June 2024

In this study, veterinary students from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade and Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad were surveyed to evaluate their knowledge and attitudes toward farm animal welfare. Data were collected from 431 students by survey consisting of 39 closed-ended questions divided into two parts (demographic characteristics and a five-point Likert scale). Results showed that female students, students aged 18 to 21 years, from veterinary high schools, from urban areas, with mixed diets, who own pets, were predominated. Younger students and students from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University in Belgrade agree significantly higher (p<0.001) that animal welfare is necessary for sustainable agriculture, food safety, biological functioning, emotional state, and natural behavior, as well as zootechnical procedures and rearing systems impairing the welfare of farm animals compared with students of the final year of studies, and from Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture in Novi Sad. Female students, and younger students, from urban areas, who own pets, have more concerned attitudes regarding farm animal welfare (p<0.001). The findings of this study confirm that attitudes toward farm animal welfare are not homogeneous and are associated with students’ demographic characteristics. Also, results suggest that more attention should be paid to the curriculum and program to indirectly improve the welfare of farm animals.
SEQUENCING PROTOCOL AND BIOINFORMATICS PIPELINE FOR THE AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS
Authors: Gajdov Vladimir , Petrovic Tamas , Lazic Gospava , Djurdjevic Biljana , Pajic Marko , Knezevic Slobodan , Nisavic Jakov
Published: June 2024

The avian influenza virus (AIV), traditionally confined to avian hosts, has recently been detected in various mammal species, raising significant concerns for both animal and public health, necessitating efficient and accurate methods for virus detection and characterization. This study presents a sequencing protocol combined with a comprehensive bioinformatics pipeline designed for the sequencing and analysis of AIV genomes. The presented streamlined approach encompasses whole genome PCR-amplification of the viral genome, enabling the genome characterization and detection of viral mutations with high precision. An amplicon-based MiniSeq sequencing workflow based on a set of PCR primers targeting all genome segments was developed. Three samples from H5 high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in Serbia were sequenced using the MiniSeq platform. The protocol involves optimized sample preparation, tailored specifically for AIV, library preparation and sequencing. This is complemented by a robust bioinformatics pipeline that includes quality control, read mapping, consensus genome generation, subtyping and pathotyping, as well as statistical sequencing data. The pipeline efficiently processes raw sequencing data, ensuring high-quality genome assemblies and accurate identification of viral strains. The protocol was used on AIV samples from various avian species, demonstrating its applicability and reliability. The results highlight the protocol’s capability to generate comprehensive genomic data, which is crucial for monitoring viral evolution and informing public health interventions. The described integrated approach offers a powerful tool for AIV surveillance and research, facilitating timely and informed decision-making in response to avian influenza outbreaks. This protocol can be readily adapted for use in various laboratory settings, contributing to global efforts in combating avian influenza and enhancing our understanding of its genomic landscape.
Analisis Semiotika Hidup Hemat Iklan Gojek Versi Emak Hemat
Authors: Liza Mona
Published: June 2024

Gojek merupakan salah satu perusahaan teknologi terbesar di Indonesia yang menyediakan berbagai layanan seperti transportasi online, pesan-antar makanan, dan layanan keuangan. Salah satu strategi pemasaran Gojek adalah melalui iklan. Iklan "Hidup Hemat" versi Emak Hemat menjadi salah satu iklan Gojek yang populer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis makna dan pesan yang terkandung dalam iklan Gojek "Hidup Hemat" versi Emak Hemat dengan menggunakan pendekatan semiotika.Semiotika komunikasi menekankan pada teori tentang produksi tanda yang salah satu diantaranya mengasumsikan adanya enam faktor dalam komunikasi, yaitu pengirim, penerima kode, (sistem atau tanda), pesan, saluran komunikasi dan acuan (hal yang dibicarakan) serta memberikan tekanan pada teori tanda dan pemahamannya dalam suatu konteks tertentu.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yakni dengan studi dokumen. Data penelitian diperoleh dari analisis teks dan video dalam iklan Gojek "Hidup Hemat" versi Emak Hemat di Youtube. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis semiotika Roland Barthes. Data dianalisis dengan cara mengidentifikasi signifier (penanda), signified (petanda), dan denotation (makna denotatif) dan connotation (makna konotatif) dalam iklan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil interpretasi iklan "Hidup Hemat" versi Emak Hemat yaitu adanya pemaknaan kata hemat yang sangat luas. Iklan Gojek "Hidup Hemat" versi Emak Hemat menggunakan berbagai tanda dan simbol untuk menyampaikan makna dan pesan tentang hidup hemat dan cerdas dengan menggunakan layanan Gojek diantaranya yakni GoFood, GoMart, dan GoRide. Iklan ini berhasil menyampaikan pesan yang kompleks dan multidimensi kepada audience dengan cara yang menarik dan mudah dipahami.