bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The External Component of National Economic Security
Authors: Bulatova Olena , Trofymenko Mykola , Karpenko Oleksandr , Fedorov Eduard
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of the foreign trade component on the formation of national economic security. Transformations occurring in the world’s economic development, the deterioration of the global financial environment, and increasing geopolitical tensions have intensified the main risks to the development of the global economy in today’s conditions. Therefore, national governments are actively using a wide range of tools to ensure economic growth and the appropriate level of competitiveness of their respective economies while ensuring national security, which is relevant for the study of the external component of national economic security.

To achieve the aim, general scientific and specific research methods are used, such as methods of analysis, abstraction and synthesis (in the study of protectionism as a policy and practice, instruments of neo-protectionism); methods of classification and systematic generalization (to systematize the forms of protectionism and neo-protectionism); economic and statistical methods (to assess the impact of foreign trade on the development of national economic security).

It is demonstrated that the intensification of the risks to the development of the global economy has led to the transformation of trade policies, changes in the use of foreign trade regulation instruments, which affects the economic security of various countries as a major component of their national security. The modern trade and economic policy toolbox used by various countries to ensure national security is analyzed. A comparative analysis of the development of foreign trade of the EU and Ukraine has been carried out, and the features of the influence of the foreign trade component on the formation of economic security have been determined.

It is demonstrated that, in the conditions of a global economic crisis, hidden forms of protectionism implemented at various levels of economic policy (global, regional, national), have spread. A classification of specific features and forms of neo-protectionism, that distinguish it from protectionism, is proposed. It is substantiated that global processes encourage national governments to implement deregulatory measures and improve the quality of institutions, while regulated economies contribute to the spread of corruption and grey areas in national economies.
Turkey-US Relations in the Context of the Syrian Conflict: from Cooperation to Confrontation
Authors: AKYEŞILMEN Nezir , Tinker Vanessa , Ishmeal Mohammed
Published: December 2020

Turkey and the United States of America have been strategic partners for over seven decades. Nevertheless, their relationship has not always been a smooth one, and the two countries have encountered temporary bilateral crises from time to time. In spite of the challenges, over the years, the NATO allies – the United States and Turkey have continued to reaffirm their commitment to cooperate with each other as “strategic partners.” However, the ensuing Syrian crisis has brought the relationship between the allies to an all-time historic low. This study examines Turkey-US relations in the context of the ongoing Syrian conflict using a conflict analysis framework. With this framework, we analyze the historical background, identify the root causes of the crisis and conduct an actor analysis. Based on our findings, we provide policy recommendations to de-escalate and transform the current crisis in US-Turkey relations in order to both restore their mutual trust and find new ways to cooperate as strategic partners.
The Role of Germany in the Transnistria Conflict
Authors: Koszel Bogdan
Published: December 2020

The author indicates in the article that the conflict over Transnistria was not int the field of German close interests. The main task of the German government was to maintain good relations with Russia and to grant it the role of the main mediator in the dispute between Moldova and rebellious Transnistria. On the other hand, Germany, as an EU member, sought to stabilize the region and to bring about democratic and pro-European changes in Moldova. Berlin supported negotiations between the conflicted parties within the OSCE framework albeit aware that they were a sham and would not contribute to the resolution of the conflict. Both the people of Transnistria and Moldova are committed to maintaining the status quo. The absence of physical violence and minor economic and legal tensions have encouraged Western Europe to remain indifferent to Transnistria’s problems. In the article the author used the following research methods: historical, descriptive, source analysis and decision making method.
Inevitable War, US Decline or Business as Usual? Narratives on China’s Ascension to Power Among American Academia
Authors: Paszak Paweł
Published: December 2020

This article aims to analyse prevalent narratives on China’s rise among American academia. The attribution of a scholar to a given narrative depends on how their ideas and arguments resonate with three pivotal questions: 1) what is the current balance of power between the US and China?; 2) which variables and determinants have the greatest impact on the trajectory of Sino-American relations?; 3) what are the prospects of China’s rise?. The author identifies three core narratives: 1) pessimistic which acknowledges deteriorating position of the West and an­ticipation of a conflictual character of future relations between China and the US; 2) a balanced view that recognizes a relative decline of the US, but also assumes that China’s re-emergence has apparent limitations. Potential hegemonic war is both probable and avoidable either through deeper engagement or different forms of balancing; 3) an optimistic narrative which stresses internal and external barriers to China’s development that preclude its potential rise to global leadership or the preponderance of American power which is likely to endure in coming dec­ades. The Author adopts constructivist approach and employs methods of critical discourse analysis and categorization.
The cooperation between the African Union and the European Union in the field of migration and collective security as an absolute imperative
Authors: Diallo Boubacar Sidi
Published: December 2020

At a time when Africa is strengthening its attractiveness, acquiring its own story and arousing the interest of new partners, and when Europe is going through an important economic and institutional crisis, what can the new bases for cooperation between the European Union and the African Union be? The Abidjan summit in November 2017 offered an opportunity to reflect on the achievements of bi-regional cooperation between Africa and Europe in the field of migration, peace and security. It emphasized the priority of education, support for sustainable and inclusive development, and multi-sector cooperation, stating that all of them be carried out within the framework of horizontal cooperation favouring reciprocal Africa-European Union contributions. However, one must be aware of the constraints, weighing on both partners, which hinder implementation of the agreed strategies.
Finansyzacja jednostek samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie miast metropolitarnych w Polsce
Authors: Ostrowska Aleksandra , Wichowska Anna
Published: December 2020

W artykule podjęto problem procesu finansyzacji jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. W pierwszej kolejności dokonano charakterystyki tego zjawiska, następnie przedstawiono propozycję jego pomiaru wykorzystującą analizę struktury aktywów i pasywów bilansu oraz zadłużenia miast metropolitalnych w latach 2007–2017. Wyniki badań prowadzą do niejednoznacznych wniosków. W początkowych latach okresu badawczego zaobserwowano rosnące wskaźniki finansyzacji aktywów i pasywów, jak i wzrost zadłużenia, co wskazywało na przejawy kryzysu finansowego. W drugiej części okresu badawczego wartości badanych wskaźników charakteryzujących zadłużenie miast metropolitalnych zmalały, ale wskaźniki finansyzacji aktywów oraz pasywów nieznacznie wzrosły. Ostateczna ocena tych tendencji będzie możliwa w dłużej perspektywie czasu i wymagała będzie uwzględniania także innych, niemierzalnych czynników, takich jak: polityka finansowa miast, stanowione prawo lub jakość usług publicznych świadczonych przez samorządy miejskie.
Samorząd terytorialny a administracja rządowa – administrowanie w warunkach niepewności
Authors: Lipowicz Irena
Published: December 2020

Rok 2020, rok pandemii, stał się symbolem nagłych zagrożeń zmieniających zasadniczo życie społeczne i gospodarcze. Jest on jednak tylko przykładem nowych nawarstwiających się niepewności, takich jak zmiany klimatyczne, które silnie wpływają na system administracji publicznej. Przedmiotem opracowania jest odpowiedź na pytanie, jaki ustrój administracji publicznej i jakie prawne formy działania będą sprzyjać zwiększeniu odporności państwa na wstrząsy i większej elastyczności działania jego administracji. Możemy tu ukazać trzy sposoby ujęcia posiadające swoich zwolenników również w nauce prawa, a więc: scentralizowanego państwa rozbudowującego wobec zagrożeń tylko struktury eksperckie i doradcze; państwa minimalnego, w którym wzmacnia się głównie sieć współdziałania z obywatelami, podmiotami gospodarczymi i administracją, takiego, które prowadzi ograniczone działania zarządzania kryzysowego, i trzeciej koncepcji współpracującego systemu modułów administracji rządowej i samorządowej przy dużej niezależności samorządu, dobrej koordynacji i otwarciu na innowacji społeczne. Autorka wypowiada się za wyborem trzeciego modelu dla stworzenia elastycznego, odpornego na wstrząsy państwa, ukazując zalety takiego rozwiązania oraz słabości modelu pierwszego, ku któremu dąży postępująca obecnie recentralizacja.
O niepołączalności ról procesowych organów jednostek samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: Kmieciak Zbigniew
Published: December 2020

W artykule przedstawiono analizę zagadnienia dopuszczalności prowadzenia przez organy jednostek samorządu terytorialnego (wójtów, burmistrzów i prezydentów miast) postępowania administracyjnego w sprawach, w których jednostki te mają interes prawny, czyli są traktowane jako strony. W ocenie autora w takich przypadkach organy jednostek samorządu terytorialnego tracą zdolność do prowadzenia postępowania (podlegają wyłączeniu od załatwienia sprawy). Krytycznie odniósł się on do uchylenia w 1994 r. przepisu, który stanowił wprost o wyłączeniu tych organów. Od tego czasu, zarówno w nauce prawa, jak i w orzecznictwie sądowym, trwają spory, czy podstawą wyłączenia mogą być przepisy art. 24 § 1 pkt 1 i 4 Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego. Autor postuluje szybką zmianę Kodeksu – uzupełnienie przepisów art. 25 o uregulowanie stanowiące treść uchylonego w 1994 r. art. 27a i niewielką korektę obecnego art. 26. Stawia on zarazem pytanie, czy legislatywie wystarczy odwagi do dokonania tych zmian.
Władztwo terytorialne gminy. Od idei do mitu
Authors: Korczak Jerzy
Published: December 2020

Artykuł poświęcony jest istocie gminy, która jest wspólnotą mieszkańców danej jednostki podziału terytorialnego, co powinno przejawiać się sprawowaniem władzy na tym terytorium. A zarazem poświęcony jednemu z kluczowych przejawów władztwa gminy jako fundamentu jej samodzielności. Analiza przepisów prawa wraz z ich sądową i doktrynalną interpretacją pozwoli odpowiedzieć na pytanie, w jakim stopniu idea władztwa terytorialnego jest prawdą, a w jakim tylko pewnym mitycznym wyobrażeniem o nim.
Гонка ледоколов в Арктике
Authors: Zhuravel Valery
Published: December 2020

9 июня 2020 года Президент США Дональд Трамп подписал Меморандум «Обеспечение национальных интересов США в Арктических и Антарктических регионах». Автор анализирует его содержание, порядок и механизмы создания современного полярного флота США. В записке дается сравнительная характеристика нынешнего состояния ледокольного флота в США, РФ и ряде других государств. Отмечается, что, в случае выполнения Меморандума, в ближайших 10-15 лет положение США в Арктике может существенно укрепиться, что окажет влияние на социально-экономическое развитие и обороноспособность России на арктическом направлении.
Швеция и проблемы восстановления экономики стран ЕС
Authors: Plevako Natalia
Published: December 2020

17-21 июля 2020 года в Брюсселе состоялся саммит ЕС, где рассматривался и утверждался долгосрочный бюджет этой организации на 2021-2027 годы, а также формировался восстановительный фонд для стран и отраслей, пострадавших от пандемии коронавируса. Швеция – страна-донор в Евросоюзе, и предложенная Еврокомиссией сумма отчислений в виде дотаций и займов вызвала возражения в ее политических кругах. Они касались прежде всего безвозмездных дотаций пострадавшим странам. В результате компромиссов решение о выделении средств было принято, и страны «бережливой четверки» (Австрия, Дания, Нидерланды и Швеция) добились значительного уменьшения дотационной части отчислений, а также возврата части суммы от взносов. В записке анализируется позиция Швеции, её роль в «северной группе» стран и перспективы развития ситуации.
Беларусь: политические и экономические предпосылки будущего кризиса
Authors: Mezhevich Nikolay
Published: December 2020

9 августа 2020 года в Республике Беларусь прошли президентские выборы. Их итоги вызвали протестные акции, как находящиеся в правовом поле, так и за его пределами. Автор анализирует некоторые факторы, вызвавшие обострение давних проблем, в частности, изменения социально-экономической и демографической структуры общества. Показана роль России в формировании белорусской экономической модели. Отдельный раздел посвящен анализу потенциальной электоральной поддержки президента А.Г. Лукашенко до выборов 9 августа.
«Зеленое восстановление» ЕС: морские компоненты
Authors: Kolesnikova Marina
Published: December 2020

16 сентября председатель Европейской комиссии Урсула фон дер Ляйен в своем выступлении перед Европейским парламентом представила программу действий ЕС для выхода из вызванного пандемией кризиса, а также дальнейшего «зеленого восстановления». Переход ЕС на новые экономические, экологические и социальные позиции с целью определения глобальной повестки развития требует разносторонних структурных и технологических реформ. Эти установки основаны на использовании возможностей морской («синей») экономики ЕС и определяют пути ее развития, включая отдельные отраслевые и региональные направления.
ФРГ и новый старт трансатлантических отношений
Authors: Sindeev Aleksey
Published: December 2020

В записке рассматривается позиция ведущих представителей политической элиты ФРГ относительно возможности «новой сделки» с США в посттрамповский период. Материал состоит из трех частей: в первой – формулируется проблема; во-второй – представлена хронология событий и их анализ; в третьей – высказаны промежуточные выводы и гипотезы. Актуальность проблемы требует ее дополнительного изучения, в том числе по линии франко-германского тандема.
Role of soil bacterial consortia on glyphosate degradation and growth of maize seedlings
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Condrosari Probo , Komarya Aten , Suryatmana Pujawati , Mulyani Oviyanti , Haryadi Harry Rum
Published: December 2020

Pre-growing weed control by glyphosate herbicides is effective for increasing yield, but glyphosate residues in the soil might reduce soil quality and can accumulate in agricultural products. Naturally, microbes are able to breakdown glyphosate into nontoxic substances orthophosphate and glycine. Glyphosate degradation in soil by single soil microbes are reported elsewhere, but the information about glyphosate removal by soil bacterial consortia was limited. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) composition in liquid media to increase glyphosate degradation and its degradation product by soil bacterial consortia and 2) verify the effect of bacterial consortia on maize seedlings growth, their N and P uptake, as well as total and soluble P in soil. Glyphosate degradation test was set up by incubating bacterial consortia in a different composition of C-N-P liquid basal media. Greenhouse experiment has been performed in a randomized block design to treat maize grown in Inceptisols with bacterial and glyphosate application. The results showed that C-N-P composition of liquid media affected the concentration of glyphosate, as well as orthophosphate and glycine as by-products. In-planta experiment verified that inoculation of glyphosate-degrading bacterial to maize seedling grown in glyphosate-contaminated soil enabled to enhance shoot dry weight of maize seedling and N and P uptake at 4 weeks after inoculation.
Utilization of Sentinel-1 satellite imagery data to support land subsidence analysis in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Ardha Mohammad , Suhadha Argo Galih , Julzarika Atriyon , Yulianto Fajar , Yudhatama Dipo , Darwista Rofifatuz Zulfa
Published: December 2020

Land subsidence had been a significant problem in DKI Jakarta and Semarang, with at least 20 kilometres of roads affected. Repairing them will require at least US $ 1 million per kilometre. Land subsidence monitoring has been carried out using terrestrial methods (GPS and levelling), which are believed to have a high degree of accuracy. The high accuracy of the terrestrial method results in a lack of precision over a large area. On the other hand, remote sensing technology as a non-terrestrial method has developed to monitor land subsidence which can produce high precision over a large area. This study aimed to test the Sentinel-1 satellite data using the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) method in monitoring land subsidence in DKI Jakarta. DInSAR is a method in Remote Sensing that utilizes radar sensors to analyze the phase differences of a SAR data pair that have different times of capture and have been catalogued to obtain displacement along the area of collection. The results showed that the North Jakarta area experienced the highest land subsidence in the entire Jakarta area. The annual average rate from 2017-2019 is 3.4 cm. The value of 3.4 cm is the average value of all samples in the North Jakarta area. The second area where high land subsidence is West Jakarta, where the maximum amount value of subsidence is 2.8 cm. The accuracy-test results with the MONAS test point showed that the difference between field data and DInSAR results was ± 6.5 cm. The results of this research indicate that the DInSAR method is quite capable of describing land subsidence in the DKI Jakarta area with a relatively good level of precision.
The effectiveness of application of phosphorous and potassium solubilizing multifunctional microbes (Aspergillus costaricaensis and Staphylococcus pasteuri mutants) on maize growth
Authors: Sukmadewi Desak Ketut Tristiana , Anas Iswandi , Widyastuti Rahayu , Anwar Syaiful , Citraresmini Ania
Published: December 2020

The use of phosphorus and potassium-solubilizing microbes as biofertilizers is an alternative method to increase the availability of phosphorus and potassium in soils. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)-solubilizing multifunctional microbes (Aspergillus costaricaensis and Staphylococcus pasteuri mutants) on maize growth. The stages of this study consisted of viability test of P and K solubilizing A. costaricaensis and S. pasteuri mutants in peat and effectiveness test of P and K solubilizing A. costaricaensis and S. pasteuri mutants on maize growth. The results showed that peat carriers could keep the fungi population stable until 18 weeks of storage times. While the bacteria at 6 and 8 weeks storage times showed a slight decrease and stable in the 10 to 12 weeks storage time. The addition of P and K-solubilizing multifunctional microbes could reduce the use of fertilizer up to 50% in the treatment with a combination of easily soluble P or K sources with not-easily soluble P or K sources, as well as a combination of treatments of not-easily soluble P and K sources. This tended to occur in the treatment with the addition of A. costaricaensis mutant.
The Sensor Network for Multi-agent System Approach in Smart Factory of Industry 4.0
Authors: Setiawan Ari , Silitonga Roland Y.H. , Angela Dina , Sitepu Herry I.
Published: December 2020

This research was developed to plan, monitor, and control the production in a modern manufacturing system model with heterogeneous production facilities, consisting of several automatic machine tools and conventional machine tools. Therefore, it proposed, a smart factory concept that utilises computer technology, internet networks and sensors so that the production process can be monitored. The sensor network monitors the condition of the machine tools and the status of the job. The temperature sensors, the vibration sensors, the electrical energy sensors are used to check tool conditions in machine tools. Meanwhile, the radio frequency identification (RFiD) system is used to check the status of the workpiece whether it has been completed, work in progress, or is waiting in a buffer or a pallet stocker. The information relating to the performance of the machine tools is sent using the IoT application so that through the web. The machine performance data are collected, and their status can be monitored. Likewise, job status is visible on the shop-floor control system. The sensor network model at the prototype scale had been built and tested on a laboratory scale. The test results showed that the performance of machine tools and job status were monitored properly.
The Energy-absorbing Characteristics of Single Spherical-roof Contoured-core (SRCC) Cell with Composite Materials
Authors: Ma Quanjin , M. Rejab M.R. , Kang Shaofu , Idris M.S. , M.Zin M.A.A.
Published: December 2020

It is a challenging task to manufacture the novel lightweight sandwich panel with different composite materials. The aim of this paper is to study the energy-absorbing characteristics of single spherical-roof contoured-core cell with carbon, glass and aramid fibre reinforced plastics, which were fabricated through compression moulding technique. The quasi-static compression test was carried out to investigate the compressive properties and crushing behaviour of the single contoured-core cell. It was demonstrated that the single spherical-roof contoured-core with aramid fibre reinforced plastic provided the highest specific energy absorption value of 0.69 kJ and the lowest compressive stiffness of 30.43 kN/mm compared to carbon and glass fibre reinforced plastics. Furthermore, it was observed that matrix cracks, fibre fracture and laminate bending are the main failure modes of the single contoured-core cell under quasi-static loading.
A Comprehensive Numerical Investigation on the Mechanical Performance of Hybrid Composite Tidal Current Turbine under Accidental Impact
Authors: Laaouidi H. , Tarfaoui M. , Nachtane M. , Trihi M. , Lagdani O.
Published: December 2020

The composite tidal turbine nozzle can be exposed to impact loads during maintenance or installation operations, which may result in invisible damage. Therefore, it is very important to analyse the induced damage in order to conceive hybrid composite nozzles with better resistance to damage. The low-velocity impact behaviour (LVI) of a carbon/glass hybrid composite nozzle has been investigated based on this motivation. The configurations of stacking sequences were constituted of glass and carbon fibers. The results acquired were compared between five various laminated. Indeed, the impact was studied in the leading edge region of the nozzle. The damaged laminates were inspected by the finite element method (FEM) based on Hashin failure criterion using the ABAQUS software. The energy conservation of the nozzle was verified to validate the numerical model. Futhermore, the effect of accidental impact on dynamic response and the damage induced on a hybrid composite nozzle have been investigated. According to results, the formation of damage like matrix cracking on the external/internal surfaces and radial cracking may occur. In addition, the hybrid nozzle with CCC (carbon/carbon/carbon), and CGG (carbon/glass/glass) stacking has greater impact resistance compared to other configurations.
Experimental Study on the Performance of Small Solar Updraft Tower in the Climate Region
Authors: Saadun M.N.A. , Sidik N.A.C.
Published: December 2020

Solar updraft tower (SUT) power plant is a unique system using solar energy, which consists of three main parts: the chimney, turbine, and collector. In tropical climate conditions, especially in Malaysia, the application of solar chimney can be deemed more competitive compared to other renewable energy systems. In this study, one prototype with a dimension of 3.5 m in diameter for the collector and 5 m height for the chimney, was built in Melaka, Malaysia. Vital parameters such as temperature field, pressure, humidity, and air movement were measured using data logger and stored using non-volatile memory. The most exciting finding was that the temperature and pressure difference was significantly seen during the experiment along the day. There was a significant surge for the humidity in the morning with an average of above 95% and the ambient temperature was approximately 35 °C due to low solar radiation. The humidity kept decreasing after sunrise due to the greenhouse effect produced in the solar collector. With the collection of these critical parameters, a solar chimney power plant was adequate to function and generate power from solar radiation in a country such as Malaysia, which is based in the equatorial region. These studies are limited as the analysis focused mainly for high radiation and did not investigate efficiency during low solar radiation. The addition of heat storage underneath the collector with current techniques is another direction of research for continuous system operation, particularly during low solar radiation. It is proposed that the synthesis of these factors should be extensively explored in future studies coupled with the application of heat storage.
Leibniz algebras, having a dense family of ideals
Authors: Semko N.N. , Skaskiv L.V. , Yarovaya O.A.
Published: December 2020

We say that a Leibniz algebra $L$ has a dense family of ideals, if for every pair of subalgebras $A$, $B$ of $L$ such that $A\leqslant B$ and $A$ is not maximal in $B$ there exists an ideal $S$ such that $A\leqslant S\leqslant B$. We study the Leibniz algebras, having a dense family of ideals.
Gabor systems on positive half line via Walsh-Fourier transform
Authors: Ahmad O. , Sheikh N.A.
Published: December 2020

Gabor systems play a vital role not only in modern harmonic analysis but also in several fields of applied mathematics, for instances, detection of chirps, or image processing. In this paper, we investigate Gabor systems on positive half line via Walsh-Fourier transform. We provide the complete characterization of orthogonal Gabor systems on positive half line. Furthermore, we provide the characterization of tight frames and orthonormal bases of Gabor systems on positive half line in Fourier domain.
Wiman's type inequality for analytic and entire functions and $h$-measure of an exceptional sets
Authors: Skaskiv O.B. , Kuryliak A.O.
Published: December 2020

Let $\mathcal{E}_R$ be the class of analytic functions $f$ represented by power series of the form $f(z)=\sum\limits\limits_{n=0}^{+\infty}a_n z^n$ with the radius of convergence $R:=R(f)\in(0;+\infty].$ For $r\in [0, R)$ we denote the maximum modulus by $M_f(r)=\max\{|f(z)|\colon$ $ |z|=r\}$ and the maximal term of the series by $\mu_f(r)=\max\{|a_n| r^n\colon n\geq 0\}$. We also denote by $\mathcal{H}_R$, $R\leq +\infty$, the class of continuous positive functions, which increase on $[0;R)$ to $+\infty$, such that $h(r)\geq2$ for all $r\in (0,R)$ and $ \int^R_{r_{0}} h(r) d\ln r =+\infty $ for some $r_0\in(0,R)$. In particular, the following statements are proved.

$1^0.$ If $h\in \mathcal{H}_R$ and $f\in \mathcal{E}_R,$ then for any $\delta>0$ there exist $E(\delta,f,h):=E\subset(0,R)$, $r_0 \in (0,R)$ such that $$ \forall\ r\in (r_0,R)\backslash E\colon\ M_f(r)\leq h(r) \mu_f(r) \big\{\ln h(r)\ln(h(r)\mu_f(r))\big\}^{1/2+\delta}$$ and $$\int\nolimits_E h(r) dr < +\infty. $$

$2^0.$ If we additionally assume that the function $f\in \mathcal{E}_R$ is unbounded, then $$ \ln M_f(r)\leq(1+o(1))\ln (h(r)\mu_f(r)) $$ holds as $r\to R$, $r\notin E$.

Remark, that assertion $1^0$ at $h(r)\equiv \text{const}$ implies the classical Wiman-Valiron theorem for entire functions and at $h(r)\equiv 1/(1-r)$ theorem about the Kövari-type inequality for analytic functions in the unit disc. From statement $2^0$ in the case that $\ln h(r)=o(\ln\mu_f(r))$, $r\to R$, it follows that $ \ln M_f(r)=(1+o(1))\ln \mu_f(r) $ holds as $r\to R$, $r\notin E$.
Bioengineered metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic and biological applications: A review
Authors: Palani Geetha , Kannan Karthik , Radhika D. , Vijayakumar P. , Pakiyaraj K.
Published: December 2020

In this modern era, (M/MO-NPs) Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles are utilized in various areas. The growth of nanoparticles is tremendous in our daily activities like beauty products, doses, delivery of drugs, and outfit. They can be set up by numerous strategies, for example, green amalgamation and the ordinary compound blend techniques. Green synthesis incorporates endless increase to deliver M/MO-NPs with requesting properties. In Bioengineering, the "green" combination has increased massive consideration as a trustworthy, dependable, and natural benevolent convention for orchestrating a wide scope of Nanomaterials including M/MO-NPs and bio propelled materials. Be that as it may, the utilization of plant extracts for this intention is profitable over organisms because of usability and less biohazard. Union of metal and MO-NPs by using the extract of plant fluid arrangement have increased consideration toward the green methodology and with no antagonistic impact on nature. The current article intends to survey the advancement made lately on nanoparticle biosynthesis by organisms. These microbial assets incorporate microorganisms, organisms, yeast, green growth, and viruses. This study predominantly centers on the biosynthesis of the most usually examined M/MO-NPs, for example, copper, cadmium, noble metals, platinum, titanium oxide, palladium, zinc oxide, and cadmium sulfide.
Observation of Graphite-Like and Diamond-Like Nanostructures in the Raman Spectra of Natural and Synthesized MoS2 Crystals with Small Carbon Additives
Authors: Kornienko N.E. , Naumenko A.P. , Kulikov L.M.
Published: December 2020

A comparative study of Raman spectra excited by laser radiation λL = 632.8 nm and 488 nm of natural crystals of 2H-MoS2 and nanocrystallites MoS2 (C) containing 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% Carbon additives. A detailed numerical analysis of the shape of observed D and G bands was performed. The complication of the spectra of graphite-like and diamond-like structures with the appearance of additional spectral components at 1440-1500 cm-1 and 1230-1270 cm-1 as a result of doubling the size of the corresponding elementary quasi-cells are analyzed. It is shown that the frequencies of  D-bands of diamond-like nanostructures 1297 ÷ 1302 cm-1 don’t depend on λL in contrast to the change in the frequencies of the G (k)-bands. A significant effect of 632.8 nm resonant radiation on the electronic states and properties of MoS2 (C) NC was established. The strengthening of the D bands of the diamond-like structure and the ordering of the graphite structure with increasing carbon content in MoS2 (C) nanocrystals have been established. The change of spectral positions of D, G, and G (k) bands at strengthening the degree of disordering of a diamond- and graphite-like structures is considered. The influence of laser radiation on carbon structures is discussed.
Temperature Dependencies of Electrical Properties of Thin Films Based on PbSnAgTe Solid Solutions
Authors: Dzumedzey R.O. , Saliy Ya.P. , Horichok I.V.
Published: December 2020

The electrical properties of thin polycrystalline films of solid solutions Pb18Ag2Te20, Pb16Sn2Ag2Te20, and Pb14Sn4Ag2Te20 (LATT) on mica-muscovite substrates have been investigated. The temperature dependencies of concentration and mobility of charge carriers for these condensates are researched. Predominant scattering mechanisms are established. These are scattering on ionized impurities and acoustic phonons at low and high temperatures respectively.
Peculiarities of crystal structure and superfine interactions in alloys Ti-Co-Sn
Authors: Yuryev S.O. , Yushchuk S.I. , Moklyak V.V. , Gonchar F.M. , Gorina O.M. , Onyskiv B.B.
Published: December 2020

Alloys with the general formula TiCo2-хSn  were produced by way of sintering primary components – pure metals in an argon atmosphere. The alloys were homogenized by annealing in the evacuated quartz vessel at T=1070 K during 500 h. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed single-phase condition of all samples. Nuclear gamma resonance (NGR) analysis was made at T=295 and 80 K using radiation source BaSn119Sn. It was established, that Sn atoms in samples with x=0.6 and 1.0 are in two crystallographic positions, pyramids (1) and tetrahedrons (2) to which isomer shifts correspond (relative to SnO2  1.52-1.65 mm/s for Sn(1) and 2.99 mm/s for Sn(2). Zeeman splitting for Sn(1) in TiCo2Sn takes place at T=295 and 80 K, and for compositions with x=0.3-1.0 at T=80 K only. For Sn(2) it is noted only in alloy TiCoSn at T=80 K. The conclusion has been made on the reason of formation of effective magnetic fields on non-magnetic tin atoms nuclei.
Investigation of the conditions of synthesis of metal and chalcopyrite films from the degradation products of electrodes of an overstressed nanosecond discharge in argon and air
Authors: Shuaibov A.K. , Minya A.I. , Grytsak R.V. , Malinina A.A. , Shevera I.V. , Vatrala M.I. , Gomoki Z.T.
Published: December 2020

The characteristics of an overstressed bipolar discharge with a duration of 100-150 ns in argon and air, which was ignited between copper electrodes in argon, and also between an aluminum electrode and a chalcopyrite (CuInSe2) electrode in air, are presented. In the process of microexplosions of inhomogeneities on the working surfaces of the electrodes in a strong electric field, the vapor of copper, aluminum, and vapor of ternary chalcopyrite are introduced into the interelectrode gap. This creates the prerequisites for the synthesis of thin copper films and the synthesis of films based on quaternary chalcopyrite - CuAlInSe2, which can be deposited on a quartz plate installed near the center of the discharge gap. The optical characteristics of the plasma, as well as voltage pulses across the discharge gap of d = 1–2 mm, current pulses, and pulsed energy contributions to the discharge, have been investigated using emission spectroscopy with a high time resolution. The plasma emission spectra were thoroughly studied, which made it possible to establish the main decay products of the chalcopyrite molecule and the energy states of atoms and singly charged ions of aluminum, copper, and indium, which are formed in the discharge.
Strategies for Combating Sexual Harassment in Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Istiadah Istiadah , Rosdiana Aprilia Mega , Fitriani Laily , Sulalah Sulalah
Published: December 2020

Recent series of widely-published sexual harassment at Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University (UIN) Malang arise a question on how this Islamic campus handles the situation and promotes institutional change. This research examines sexual harassment and the way the UIN deals with it. It employs participatory action research to make it possible for researchers and stakeholders to work together to find out the strategies to prevent sexual harassment. This research obtains three strategies to prevent and combat sexual harassment including comprehensive planning strategies, infrastructure development, and building key partnerships. These partnerships include revitalizing the functions of the academic counselor, conducting campaigns against sexual harassment, building a positive-content website, integrating sexual education with the learning curriculum, and keeping relationships with the surrounding sub-district heads for the students’ control. Further research is supposed to examine and reflect on the result of the respected actions to find out the most suitable prevention, intervention, and policy protocols for Islamic higher education.     AbstrakSerangkaian pelecehan seksual yang dipublikasikan secara luas di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang baru-baru ini menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang bagaimana kampus Islam ini menangani situasi dan mendorong perubahan kelembagaan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pelecehan seksual dan cara UIN menanganinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian aksi partisipatif agar peneliti dan pemangku kepentingan dapat bekerja sama untuk mengetahui strategi pencegahan pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini memperoleh tiga strategi untuk mencegah dan memberantas pelecehan seksual antara lain strategi perencanaan yang komprehensif, pembangunan infrastruktur, dan membangun kemitraan kunci. Kemitraan tersebut mencakup revitalisasi fungsi konselor akademik, kampanye anti pelecehan seksual, pembuatan situs web yang berisi konten positif, pemaduan pendidikan seksual dengan kurikulum pembelajaran, dan menjaga hubungan dengan camat di sekitarnya untuk dikontrol siswa. Penelitian lebih lanjut diharapkan untuk memeriksa dan merefleksikan hasil dari tindakan yang dihormati untuk menemukan protokol pencegahan, intervensi, dan kebijakan yang paling sesuai untuk perguruan tinggi Islam.
Access to Justice for Women and Children in Divorce Cases in the Indonesian Religious Courts
Authors: Nasution Hotnidah , Muchtar Ahmad Rifqi
Published: December 2020

This research aims to investigate access to justice for children and women in the Religious Court Decisions after the issuance of Circular Letter of Supreme Court No. 4 of 2016, Point 5 on Religious Chamber. This particular point states that the Religious Court can require a father to provide child maintenance if the child is under the custody of the mother. This is a normative study, with the data obtained from interviews and 150 Religious court decisions. These decisions are issued by the Religious Courts of East Jakarta and Central Jakarta from 2015-2017. The examination of those Decisions reveals that most of the decisions on divorce do not mention any stipulation about child maintenance. This means that the Supreme Court Circular No. 4 of 2016 has not been able to protect children rights in the case of divorce, as well as women’s rights. From the court used in this study, only 14% that require the fathers to provide child maintenance after divorce. This percentage is almost similar to the decisions issued before the issuance of the Circular, which only 12% in 2016, and 14% in 2017.     AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akses keadilan bagi anak dan perempuan dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama pasca terbitnya Keputusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 4 Tahun 2016 Poin 5 tentang Kamar Beragama. Dalam poin khusus ini disebutkan bahwa Pengadilan Agama dapat meminta seorang ayah untuk mengasuh anak jika anak tersebut berada di bawah asuhan ibunya. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif, dengan data diperoleh dari wawancara dan 150 putusan Pengadilan Agama. Putusan-putusan tersebut dikeluarkan oleh Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Timur dan Jakarta Pusat dari tahun 2015- 2017. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan terhadap Putusan tersebut, sebagian besar Putusan perceraian tidak menyebutkan ketentuan tentang pengasuhan anak. Artinya, Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 4 Tahun 2016 belum mampu melindungi hak anak dan hal perempuan dalam kasus perceraian. Data pengadilan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, menyebutkan hanya 14% yang mewajibkan ayah untuk mengasuh anak setelah perceraian. Persentase ini hampir sama dengan keputusan yang dikeluarkan sebelum keluarnya keputusan tersebut, yaitu hanya 12% pada 2016, dan 14% pada 2017.
أحكام موانع النفقة الزوجية في أقوال المذاهب الفقهية مقارَنة بِقانون الأحوال الشخصية الليبي
Authors: Wanis Aldabush Ahmad Juma
Published: December 2020

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى توضيح أحكام موانع النفقة الزوجية في أقوال المذاهب الفقهية الأربعة المعتمدة عند أهل السنة ومذهب الجعفرية ومذهب الإباضية ومقارنتها بقانون الأحوال الشخصية الليبي رقم 10 لسنة 1984 ميلادي وتعديلاته، تحث اسم الأحكام الخاصة بالزواج والطلاق وأثارهما، وقد خصص اختيار هذا القانون لذهابِهِ في تعديله الأول إلى عدم الحديث عن أحكام موانع النفقة الزوجية واكتفي بالحكم في مسألة واحدة منها وهي حق النفقة للمطلقة البائن، بشرط أن لا تختل عقلياً، بل ذهب إلى أبعد من ذلك بإلغائه أحكام النشوز واعتبارها كأن لم تكن، وهي من موانع النفقة، وبقي هذا القانون على حالهِ إلى أن جاء في تعديلهِ الأخير رقم 14 أكتوبر 2015 ميلادي، بحذف مادة أحكام النشوز من الأساس واكتفى بالذكر أنه إذا لم يوجد نص تشريعي يمكن تطبيقه فيها فيحكم بمقتضى المذاهب الفقهية المعتبرة الأكثر ملاءمة لنصوص هذا القانون.    Abstrak: Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hukum yang menghalangi hak istri atas nafkah dari suami berdasarkan empat mazhab fikih Ahlussunnah wal jama’ah, Ja'fari, dan Ibadhi, yang dibandingkan dengan Hukum Keluarga Islam Libya No. 10 tahun 1984 dan perubahannya, yaitu Peraturan Khusus tentang Perkawinan, Perceraian, dan Dampaknya. Peraturan ini dipilih karena amandemen pertama tidak menyebutkan ketentuan yang menghalangi hak istri untuk mendapatkan nafkah dari suami. Ketentuan yang disebutkan hanya tentang hak pasca cerai dalam hal perceraian ba'in dengan syarat istri memiliki kondisi mental yang sehat. Ketentuan mengenai nushuz dihilangkan meski konsekuensinya menghalangi hak atas nafkah. Dengan demikian, undang-undang tersebut tetap sama hingga amandemen terakhir diberlakukan pada 14 Oktober 2015. Dengan dicabutnya ketentuan nushuz, maka undang-undang tersebut mengikuti ketentuan empat mazhab fikih.
Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic Susceptibility of Infinite Quantum Well
Authors: Cahaya Adam Badra
Published: December 2020

Paramagnetism and diamagnetism of a material characterized by its magnetic susceptibility. When a material is exposed to an external magnetic field, magnetic susceptibility is defined as the ratio of the induced magnetization and the magnetic field. A paramagnetic material has magnetic susceptibility with positive sign. On the other hand, a diamagnetic material has magnetic susceptibility with negative sign. Atomically, paramagnetic materials consist of atoms that has orbital with unpaired electrons. Theoretical study of paramagnetic susceptibility and diamagnetic susceptibility are well described by Pauli paramagnetism and Landau diamagnetism, respectively. Although paramagnetism and diamagnetism are among the simplest magnetic properties of material that are studied in basic physics, theoretical derivations of Pauli paramagnetic and Landau diamagnetic susceptibility require second quantization formalism of quantum mechanics. We aim to discuss the paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibilities for simple three-dimensional quantum well using first quantization formalism.
Management of Islamic Education on Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign Speaker Program
Authors: Isnaniah Siti , Mustofa Fauzan
Published: December 2020

This study aims to compare the management of Islamic education for the BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia Penutur Asing/Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign Speaker) program at PTKI institutions in Â Indonesia and Al-Azhar University in Egypt from the aspects of the curriculum, institutions, teachers, students, and evaluation. This research used descriptive analytic method with a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews, content analysis, and observation were applied to collect the data. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles & Huberman and comparative analysis. The result of the research showed that BIPA management conducted by PTKI institutions and Al-Azhar university, Egypt in terms of institution, curriculum, language teachers, language learners, evaluation have applied islamic perspective (Aqeeda and Sharia) and Islamic values which are compatible with the regulation set by Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Islam (Directorate General for Islamic Education) Number 6244 Year 2019. Referring to this regulation, both BIPA program at PTKI institutions and Al-azhar university are considered ready and successful.Â
Santriâ€™s Emotional Intelligence and Big Five Personalities on Bullying Behaviors in Pesantren
Authors: Oktaviani Putri , Syahid Achmad , Moormann Peter Paul
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of two independent variables; emotional intelligence and big five personalities, on the dependent variable, namely the bullying behavior of teenage santri at pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in West Sumatra. This study used a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis methods with a significance level of 0.05 or 5%. The sample consisted of 200 santri in pesantren of West Sumatra, taken using a non-probability sampling technique. The data collection instruments used the Wong and Law's Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Big Five Inventory and the Revised Olweus Bullying/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ). The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence on emotional intelligence and big five personality toward bullying behavior of santri. Emotional intelligence consist of self-assessment, emotional assessment of others, emotional regulation, emotional use. The big five personality consist of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness. The hypothesis test results show that two minor hypotheses significantly affect the bullying behavior of santri in pesantren, namely the emotional regulation dimension of self-emotional assessment and the agreeableness dimension of the big five personalities.Â
Diagnostic significance of complete blood count in cardiovascular patients; Samara State Medical University
Authors: Chaulin A. M. , Grigorieva Yu. V. , Pavlova T. V. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the relationship between parameters of complete blood count (CBC) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The main advantages of CBC over other methods of CVD diagnostics are low cost and wide availability. At the same time, the low specificity of CBC is an important disadvantage, limiting its diagnostic value.

After analyzing the results of numerous clinical studies, we concluded that the most important CBC are red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, total leukocyte count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio. We discuss the diagnostic value of each of the above indicators in CVD. Careful attention to these parameters by clinicians can, to a certain extent, improve the therapeutic and diagnostic process in patients with CVD.