bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ru(II)-Catalysed [1,4]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement and Intramolecular SNAr Reaction of Aryl and Heteroarylthioacetates using Quinoid Carbene
Authors: Pan Subarna , Sk Md Saimuddin , Sanyal Bortika , Samanta Rajarshi
Published: July 2024

A Ru(II)-catalyzed straightforward and efficient strategy has been developed to construct O-alkylated arylnaphthyl thioether derivatives using α-thioesters and diazonaphthoquinone via an unprecedented [1,4]-oxa sigmatropic rearrangement. A detailed mechanistic study reveals that the reaction is going through a concerted manner. In a complementary method, heteroarylacetate offers O-heteroaryl alkylnaphthyl thioether derivatives via a novel concerted intramolecular SNAr-type reaction. Both these methods proceed through the formation of quinoid carbene and sulfur ylide respectively.
Promiscuity guided evolution of a decarboxylative aldolase for synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols
Authors: Campbell Meghan , Ohler Amanda , McGill Matthew , Buller Andrew
Published: July 2024

Enzymes play an increasingly important role in synthetic biology and organic synthesis. Many potential applications benefit from promiscuous activity with a diverse array of substrates. Here, we show how to intentionally guide an enzyme towards generality through multi-generational directed evolution using substrate-multiplexed screening (SUMS). We demonstrate the advantages of promiscuity-guided evolution in a challenging context, engineering the decarboxylative aldolase UstD to perform a C-C bond forming reaction with ketone electrophiles. Mutations outside of the active site that impact catalytic function were immediately revealed by shifts in promiscuity, even when the overall activity was lower. By re-targeting these distal residues that couple to the active site with saturation mutagenesis, broadly activating mutations were readily identified. When analyzing active site mutants, SUMS identified both specialist enzymes that would have more limited utility as well as generalist enzymes with complementary activity on diverse substrates. These new UstD enzymes catalyze convergent synthesis of non-canonical amino acids bearing tertiary alcohol side chains. This methodology is easy to implement and enables the rapid and effective evolution of enzymes to catalyze desirable new functions.
Climate Action can “Flip the Switch”: Resourcing Climate Empowerment in Chemistry Education
Authors: Mahaffy Peter , Lunn Jadeyn , Adema Alexa , Ayotte Aneilia , Faulkner Jared , Greidanus Sarah , Griffioen Ava , Koot Amanda , Mimran Yuval , Nanninga Ethan , Pfeifer Dominic , Struyk Jonas , Su Martin , Tesfay Nathaniel , Wagram Grace
Published: July 2024

Traditional approaches to chemistry curriculum for undergraduate students prioritize coverage of 10 fragmented individual topics rather than employing systems thinking to embed chemistry concepts in immersive holistic contexts vital to our planet’s future, such as climate change. Many students are eager to understand and tackle climate change, drawing on political, socio-economic, sustainability and chemistry perspectives. However, educators face substantial barriers in resourcing climate empowerment through chemistry education. This paper outlines interactive resources and activities 15 educators can use to help students engage with climate literacy and action, grounded in an emerging understanding of key concepts in chemistry. These resources draw from the work of 14 third- and fourth-year undergraduate students at The King’s University who were learning about climate change in an environmental chemistry class. The students collaborated in small groups and as an entire class to develop learning activities, pilot activities created by others, articulate topics for educators, and 20 perform several rounds of peer review. Topics chosen for this publication include systems thinking and Earth systems connections; the nature of and evidence for climate change; Earth’s radiation balance, greenhouse gases, and climate engineering; models to forecast the future; and chemistry’s role in solutions. Together, the students developed activities and learning outcomes they hope others will use to connect climate change to cognitive, affective, and kinesthetic learning in chemistry.
Photochemical Asymmetric Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation Reaction: Expeditious Entry to Chiral 1,2-Amino Alcohols and 1,2-Diamines
Authors: Xie Hui , Chen Haohua , Dutta Uttam , Lan Yu , Breit Bernhard
Published: July 2024

The construction of diverse alkylamines is of importance in drug discovery and natural product synthesis. Herein, we report an efficient photoredox/palladium dual catalysis for the construction of protected 1,2-amino alcohols and 1,2-diamines via asymmetric allylation of α-silyl amines with heteroatom-substituted allenes and 1,3- dienes. This protocol is characterized by its mild conditions, excellent regio-, enantioselectivity, and wide substrate scope, including aliphatic amines or N-heterocyclic substrates especially. Computational and experimental mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds through a sequence of oxidative addition of Pd(0) catalyst by PPTS, allene insertion, outer-sphere radical substitution-type C–C bond formation, and reduction of Pd(I) by Ir(II). Thereinto, the outer-sphere radical substitution is the enantio- and regio-selectivity determining step.
Bidirectional Electron Transfer Strategies for Anti-Markovnikov Olefin Aminofunctionalization via Arylamine Radicals
Authors: Roychowdhury Pritam , Samanta Samya , Brown Lauren , Waheed Saim , Powers David
Published: July 2024

Arylamines are common structural motifs in pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials precursors. While olefin aminofunctionalization chemistry can provide entry to arylamines, classical polar reactions typically afford Markovnikov products. Nitrogen-centered radical intermediates provide the opportunity to access anti-Markovnikov selectivity, however, anti-Markovnikov arylamination is unknown in large part due to lack of arylamine radical precursors. Here, we introduce bidirectional electron transfer processes to generate arylamine radical intermediates from N-pyridinium arylamines: Single-electron oxidation provides arylamine radicals that engage in anti-Markovnikov olefin aminopyridylation; single-electron reduction unveils arylamine radicals that engage in anti-Markovnikov olefin aminofunctionalization. Demonstration of both oxidative and reductive mechanisms to generate arylamine radicals from a common N-aminopyridinium precursor provides new methods to rapidly construct and diversify arylamine scaffolds from readily available radical precursors.
Discovery and Application of a Lysine 5-Hydroxylase for Bioorthogonal Chemistry
Authors: Stone Elizabeth , Whitten Andrew , Angelisanti Nicole , Kissman Elijah , Millar Douglas , Vargas-Figueroa Adriana , Chang Michelle
Published: July 2024

The selective functionalization of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds remains an ongoing challenge in synthetic organic chemistry. In this context, biocatalysis provides an attractive strategy to perform such chemistry under mild reaction conditions. We now report the discovery of K5H, the first enzyme that catalyzes the one-step conversion of free L-lysine into enantiopure (2S, 5R)-5-hydroxylysine (5-Hyl), producing a β-amino alcohol motif on the lysine side-chain. As chiral β-amino alcohols are versatile synthetic motifs found in natural products, pharmaceuticals, ligands, and other complex molecules, we demonstrate that this noncanonical amino acid can be incorporated into several pharmaceutically-relevant peptides in place of lysine through a tandem one-pot biocatalytic cascade using in vitro transcription/translation. Indeed, we show that the introduction of a single hydroxyl group adjacent to the ε-amine on lysine serves as a selective handle for downstream bioorthogonal chemistry such as heterocyclization, ligation to various payloads, and formation of branched peptides. Taken together, the discovery and characterization of K5H provides a modular genetically-encoded platform to tune the structure and properties of diverse bioactive peptides via biocatalytic transformations of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds.
A Short Overview of Benzalkonium Chloride in Pharmaceutical Sector: Safety, Environmental Impact and Alternatives
Authors: Wali Batool , Othman Niga , Rashid Sara , Hamid Sima , Issa Hayder
Published: July 2024

This paper provides an overview of the environmental and safety concerns associated with benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a chemical widely used in pharmaceuticals. The review covers BAC’s various applications, toxicity, and environmental considerations. It explores the industrial processing of BAC, its role as a preservative in drug formulations, and the negative consequences linked to its usage. Furthermore, the review highlights the potential allergic reactions following the initial application of BAC. The study also refers to the various concentrations of BAC employed in different formulations and their administration for safety purposes. Additionally, initiatives to use alternatives to BAC in order to mitigate the potential side effects are explored.
lwreg: A Lightweight System for Chemical Registration and Data Storage
Authors: Landrum Gregory A. , Braun Jessica , Katzberger Paul , Lehner Marc T. , Riniker Sereina
Published: July 2024

Here, we present lwreg, a lightweight, yet flexible chemical registration system supporting the capture of both two-dimensional molecular structures (topologies) and three-dimensional conformers. lwreg is open source, with a simple Python API and is designed to be easily integrated into computational workflows. In addition to lwreg itself, we also introduce a straightforward schema for storing experimental data and metadata in the registration database. This direct connection between compound structural information and data generated using those structures creates a powerful tool for data analysis and experimental reproducibility. The software is available at, and installable directly from https://github. com/rinikerlab/lightweight-registration.
Promoting Rural Entrepreneurship in Tanzania Through Empowering Voluntary Financial Saving Groups
Authors: Majenga A. K. , Namabira J. , Justine E. K.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the promotion of rural entrepreneurship in Tanzania through empowering Voluntary Financial Saving Groups (VFSGs). Specifically, the study examined practices adopted by VFSGs and challenges confronting such VFSGs.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional study using qualitative and quantitative approaches was carried out using a sample of 262 members of VFSGs that was selected using proportionate stratified sampling from different strata. The study was conducted in the Iringa region, whereas the Iringa and Kilolo districts were purposefully selected. Questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions were employed as data collection methods. Qualitative data analysis was carried out using content analysis. Descriptive statistics were adopted for quantitative data analysis, whereas mean scores were performed, followed by ranking.
Research Limitation: This study was limited to one geographical region, Iringa, with only two districts, Iringa and Kilolo. The limitation was attributed to limited time and financial resources to cover a wider scope.
Findings: Major findings of the study regarding practices adopted by VFSGs included inadequate training on enterprise development and management for members of VFSGs and inadequate seriousness to punish loan defaulters. Further, major findings about challenges facing VFSGs were the small amount of loans provided to members, inadequate business training to members, late loan repayment, the high dropout rate of members, unfavourable entrepreneurial cultures among members, conflict emerging among members and poor attendance in a meeting among members of VFSGs.
Practical implications: The study concludes that skills gaps and loan defaulters in VFSGs are practices that are less adopted. This calls for intervention through entrepreneurship and business training and further longitudinal studies to establish behavioural change over time after intervention.
Social Implication: Policies should mandate the provision of business training to VFSGs before they receive loans from money lenders. They should also focus on reducing mobile money transactional charges to fuel technology usage among VFSGs.
Originality: The empirical data gathered from various regions in rural Tanzania adds valuable, real-world evidence to the discourse on VFSGs and rural entrepreneurship. This data-driven approach strengthens the credibility and relevance of the study's conclusions and recommendations.
Clinical benefits of parenteral iron carboxymaltose in patients with colorectal cancer: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Postolov Mikhail P. , Suvorov Vladimir A. , Kravets Alina V.
Published: July 2024

Background. The high incidence of anemia in colorectal cancer and its severe consequences for patients determine the need for timely diagnosis and correction of this condition. At the same time, it is extremely important to choose a method for correcting anemia, allowing to achieve maximum efficiency and safety.
Aim. To evaluate perioperative methods for correcting iron deficiency anemia in patients with colorectal cancer based on a comparative analysis of the clinical results of intravenous administration of iron carboxymaltose and transfusion of blood components.
Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 594 patients with colorectal cancer operated on in 2022 at the department of surgical treatment methods No. 3 (abdominal oncology No. 1) of the Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary were studied. Stratification of patients into groups was carried out using the method of pseudo-randomization by sex and age to eliminate confounding errors. After pseudo-randomization in a 1:1 ratio, the sample of patients with anemia was divided into 2 groups (main group – 124 patients, in whose treatment blood-saving techniques and parenteral administration of iron carboxymaltose were used, and control group – 124 patients, for treatment of anemia in which transfusions of blood components were used). In 98 (39.5%) cases hemicolectomies were performed, in 88 (35.5%) – anterior resections of the rectum, in 36 (14.5%) – resections of the sigmoid colon, in 18 (7.3%) – extirpations of the rectum, in 8 (3.2%) – resection of the transverse colon, 217 (87.5%) operations were performed through laparotomy access, 31 (12.5%) using minimally invasive technologies.
Results. The frequency of postoperative complications of grade III–V according to Clavien–Dindo score in the main group (4.8%, 6/124) was statistically significantly lower compared to the control group (14.5%, 18/124) [χ2=6.643; p=0.01]. Postoperative mortality in the main group was 0.8% (1/124), in the control group – 5.6% (7/124) [χ2=4.65; p=0.032].
Conclusion. The use of blood-saving technologies with parenteral administration of iron carboxymaltose in patients with colorectal cancer leads to a reduction in the number of postoperative complications and the level of postoperative mortality.
Benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma. A case series. Systematic review
Authors: Toneev Evgeny A. , Shagdaleev Roman F. , Toneeva Svetlana N. , Karabanova Yulia A. , Martynov Alexander A. , Khabas Grigorii N. , Sheshko Polina L. , Shebzukhova Zalina R. , Kometova Vlada V.
Published: July 2024

Uterine leiomyoma (ULM) is one of the most common gynecological pathologies in women of reproductive age. The prevalence of this pathology varies across different age groups, with approximately 10% in the 20–35 age range, increasing to 40–45% after the age of 35. ULM metastasis is an extremely rare phenomenon, with only 411 cases reported in the literature, including our 3 observations. Several definitions exist, with the most common being benign metastasizing ULM, found in both domestic and foreign literature. Each observation is crucial, as there are currently no clear treatment algorithms for this patient category. The study presents 3 cases of successful treatment of patients with metastatic ULM in two institutions. A systematic review of domestic and foreign literature on this pathology is conducted. Twenty-two clinical observations in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries are analyzed. Analysis of foreign literature revealed records of 386 clinical observations of benign metastasizing ULM. Benign metastasizing ULM of the uterus represents a rare nosological form. Systematization is advisable for determining the optimal treatment and observation tactics.
Innovación con propósito: creación de una aplicación móvil para personas con discapacidad visual a través del desarrollo de competencias empresariales y habilidades emprendedoras en estudiantes de ingeniería
Authors: Luna Tobar Lorena , Salas Leiva Edgar Mauricio , Botina Carpio Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

El emprendimiento entre los estudiantes de ingeniería destaca la significativa relevancia de las competencias empresariales y las habilidades emprendedoras, emergiendo como factores fundamentales que inciden en el desarrollo económico regional. Estas aptitudes no solo subrayan la conexión intrínseca entre la formación académica en ingeniería y la capacidad de emprender, sino que también se manifiestan como indicadores esenciales que fomentan la generación de soluciones innovadoras y sostenibles. En este contexto, se destaca la creación de material didáctico mediante una aplicación para dispositivos móviles dirigida a la población con discapacidad visual en la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia. Este proceso integral considera aspectos cruciales como el desarrollo humano, las etapas cognitivas de aprendizaje y la metodología basada en juegos. Además, se incorpora la investigación de mercados, concentrándose en proporcionar soluciones a las diversas necesidades de segmentos específicos, apoyándose en el análisis del comportamiento del consumidor, el marketing sensorial y la innovación de nuevos productos.
Inclusión de la modelación física para reforzar el aprendizaje de acueductos en ingeniería civil
Authors: Cañón Barriga Camilo
Published: July 2024

Se describe un proyecto de modelación física de estructuras de acueducto para un curso de Acueductos y Alcantarillados de Ingeniería Civil, que busca potenciar la capacidad espacial de los estudiantes, puesto que las actividades suelen hacerse de forma sedentaria en el salón de clases y en trabajo de escritorio. El marco teórico explica la necesidad de enfrentar a los estudiantes de Ciencias, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas a actividades que fortalezcan su capacidad espacial, como el construir objetos con base en planos bidimensionales. Se muestra la metodología de investigación en la que se describen las fases de diseño, construcción, e instalación de un pequeño acueducto a escala en el campus. En las conclusiones se reflexiona sobre los resultados alcanzados por los estudiantes, sus opiniones sobre el proyecto a través de una encuesta de percepción, y la posibilidad de seguir implementando la modelación física en el currículo del curso.
Maxakalisaurus topai
Authors: Gabriel de Almeida Martins  , Juliana Souza Gomes  , Rosa Maruyama Úrsula Gomes
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho destaca a representatividade do Maxakalisaurus topai (Dinoprata) inserido no cenário museológico brasileiro. Paralelamente ao significado do fóssil descoberto em território nacional é articulada a educação patrimonial, que se insere como instrumento de sensibilização para o patrimônio paleontológico, implantando a discussão sobre o campo do aprendizado e o lúdico. O debate se amplia para a comunicação do museu – sociedade, apresentando narrativas “vivas” que perpetuam as histórias dos fósseis de dinossauros a um processo educativo. A metodologia aplicada para a pesquisa foi realizada através da revisão bibliográfica e análise descritiva.
projeto memorialista de Zélia Gattai à musealização da Casa do Rio Vermelho (Salvador, Bahia)
Authors: De Jesus Santos Milena , Moraes Cerávolo Suely
Published: July 2024

A partir das ações memorialísticas de Zélia Gattai na fotografia e na literatura que criaram o acervo fotográfico doado para Fundação Casa de Jorge Amado (FCJA, Salvador) em 1991, para contribuir com as pesquisas sobre a vida e obra do escritor Jorge Amado, procuramos relatar e analisar os procedimentos em prol da musealização que deu origem ao museu Casa do Rio Vermelho – Jorge Amado e Zélia Gattai, instituição municipal dirigida pela Secretaria de Desenvolvimento, Turismo e Cultura de Salvador.  A metodologia amparou-se nas informações colhidas em matérias jornalísticas e publicações literárias, possibilitando identificar as contribuições para a musealização da Casa do Rio Vermelho. Concluímos que a musealização da residência foi possível graças aos processos narrativos instituídos pela própria escritora ao longo de cinco décadas e com isso os seus herdeiros legais e simbólicos implantaram o museu.
Antropología en un museo universitario
Authors: Andrea Pegoraro
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se presenta la incorporación de problemáticas indígenas contemporáneas en un museo universitario de antropología, a partir de la descripción y el análisis de procesos de trabajo y actividades realizadas con miembros de pueblos originarios: la documentación de las colecciones, la elaboración de proyectos de exhibición, las actividades realizadas en conjunto con distintos pueblos. Se tomó el caso del Museo Etnográfico Juan B. Ambrosetti de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de las UBA, con especial énfasis en la época que se extiende desde los primeros años del retorno de la Democracia al país, hasta la actualidad. Se cierra este trabajo presentando la elaboración de un proyecto de exhibición sobre los pueblos indígenas del Chaco en el que se contempla su incorporación en distintas etapas de la organización del trabajo.
Protagonismo y acontecimiento: reflexiones en torno a la gestión participativa con colecciones antropológicas
Authors: Reca María Marta
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto reflexionar en torno a las prácticas de activación patrimonial a partir de colecciones antropológicas en el contexto de un paradigma crítico, entendido éste como la deconstrucción de los supuestos que sustentaron la creación y organización de los museos del siglo XIX. Se enuncian las líneas de investigación complementarias semiótico-formal, histórico-documental y de activación patrimonial en el estudio de colecciones, como sistemas de relaciones donde siempre es posible promover  programas inclusivos. En este marco, se describen dos experiencias desarrolladas en el Museo de La Plata. La primera se circunscribe al evento de restitución de restos humanos, mientras que la segunda se relaciona a las visitas realizadas a la sala etnografía, en ambos casos con la participación de representantes de pueblos originarios. Dichas experiencias nos son motivo de reflexiones acerca de las formas de protagonismo y su relación con los acontecimientos descriptos, entendidos estos como eventos significativos para la construcción de una política institucional.
despertar de coleções etnográficas
Authors: Soares de Souza Dias Mariela , Bastos Cunha Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

A reflexão que propomos aqui abrange questões pontuais no estudo de coleções etnográficas. Procuramos estabelecer um diálogo entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento, aproximando discussões em torno das noções de alteridade, memória e esquecimento aos domínios dos estudos da Antropologia, História e Museologia. Ao refletirmos sobre os efeitos da comunicação museológica em torno de coleções etnográficas, nos atentamos para a participação e presença de indígenas durante este processo. Neste artigo, voltamos nossa atenção para o protagonismo de Jerônimo Xavante a partir de uma breve reflexão em torno dos livros Xavante (Auwe Uptabi: povo autêntico) e Jerônimo Xavante conta mitos e lendas. Procuramos observar nessas obras a forma como missionários e pesquisadores tenderam a registrar e mencionar a contribuição de Jerônimo sobre os conhecimentos e tradições de seu povo.
Ensinamentos decoloniais do Museu Worikg e suas curadoras Kaingang
Authors: De Siqueira Juliana Maria , Antunes Zanatta Aline , Fardin Sônia Aparecida
Published: July 2024

Neste texto, três trabalhadoras e pesquisadoras da Museologia, em distintas inserções sociais – na universidade, no movimento social e no serviço público – reexaminam suas vivências com o Museu Worikg, encarnado pelo grupo Kaingang da Terra Indígena Vanuíre, São Paulo, por meio de relatos em primeira pessoa. O objetivo é dar a conhecer as aprendizagens decoloniais que proporcionam as curadoras, Kujã Dirce Jorge Lipu, suas filhas e assistentes Lucilene e Susilene Elias de Melo, bem como seus netos, na perspectiva da construção de relações interculturais capazes de subverter a colonialidade e instaurar um diálogo autêntico e trocas justas no campo da Museologia.
Leo Tolstoy Museum-Estate at Yasnaya Polyana as Representation of Russian and World Literature
Authors: Alekseeva Galina
Published: July 2024

Tolstoy’s library and the Museum itself in all its interdisciplinary nature present Tolstoy’s interest in Russian and World Literature, and in other fields of human knowledge. The original buildings, orchards, parks, woods and fields were mentioned and described in Tolstoy’s works of fiction such as War and Peace, Anna Karenina, Childhood, Morning of a Russian Landowner and several others. They are like the living illustrations to these works of Tolstoy. Thus the Yasnaya Polyana Museum-estate exists as the vivid manifestation of Tolstoy’s multifaceted literary genius.
Museu Akãm Orãm Krenak - História, informação, exposição e atividade
Authors: Damaceno Krenak Lidiane
Published: July 2024

O artigo fala da importância do Museu Akãm Orãm Krenak para a revitalização, fortalecimento e continuidade da cultura Krenak na Terra Indígenas Vanuíre, São Paulo. Apresenta os idealizadores do Museu, as cabanas, o acervo e as atividades para a comunidade e para os visitantes. O Museu é o lugar da cultura e das memórias do povo Krenak.
Repousando no Museu Metropolitan
Authors: Narayan Pallavi
Published: July 2024

O Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art, conhecido popularmente como The Met, é um edifício tradicional que abriga tanto arte tradicional quanto inovadora através dos tempos. Neste artigo, eu examino sua representação no recém publicado Metropolitan Stories, de Christine Coulson. Começando com o limiar como ponto de definição e delineamento de entradas e saídas, dentro e fora num estado de fluidez e brincadeira, eu examino a construção de espaços de descanso e espaços acolhedores no museu, assim como o descanso na casa. Eu investigo exemplos pertinentes e trago sua análise para expor uma performance da casa no museu, conectando humano e não-humano em uma sinergia de comunicação não-verbal.
Aspectos psicossociais da pobreza e dos programas de transferência de renda: existem pontes?
Authors: Bronzo Carla , Silva Moreira Eduarda
Published: July 2024

O artigo identifica os nexos existentes entre as dimensões psicossociais da pobreza e os principais programas de transferência condicionada de renda (PTCR) da América Latina. O artigo parte da concepção de que o fenômeno da pobreza possui uma dimensão psicossocial e busca identificar as pontes existentes entre a teorização e a mensuração de tais dimensões e sua incorporação na produção das políticas públicas. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, foram analisados 103 artigos e 11 programas. Os resultados apontam para uma fragilidade no desenho dos programas de transferência, pois – ainda que alguns considerem tais dimensões presentes – não existe uma tradução destas em termos de ações ou estratégias de intervenção. Ou seja, embora se tenha um razoável avanço no campo da teorização e da mensuração da pobreza para além de seus elementos materiais e objetivos, tem-se pouca apropriação da referida discussão no campo da ação governamental, no desenho, na implementação e na avaliação das políticas públicas.
NCREASING THE HARDINESS OF ADOLESCENTS BY METHODS OF CATATYMIC-IMAGINATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sultanov Artur , Davydova Natalya
Published: July 2024

The ability of an individual to successfully cope with unfavorable environmental conditions while showing high resistance to stressors is called hardiness. Nowadays, having a high and stable hardiness in a person is more important and necessary than ever before. That is why modern psychological sci-ence is so interested in studying this phenomenon, its role in maintaining mental health and methods of influencing hardiness. A special role in this problem is traditionally assigned to the study of adolescent hardiness and methods of its correction.The purpose of our study was to investigate the possibility of increasing the level of adolescent har-diness by methods of catatim-imaginative psychotherapy developed by the German psychotherapist H. Leuner. In turn, the main idea of our study was to preserve the mental health of adolescents by increasing their hardiness.The scientific significance of the work consists in the fact that it expands the ideas about the role of hardiness in maintaining mental health, theoretically substantiates the advantages of individual psycho-therapeutic work with adolescents who have a low level of hardiness. The practical value of the study is the disclosure of the effectiveness of methods of catatim-imaginative psychotherapy for the promotion of mental health of adolescents.Theoretical, psychodiagnostic methods and techniques were applied in the study, mathematical methods of data processing were used to evaluate the results of the study. The results of the conducted research showed high efficiency of the methods of catatim-imaginative psychotherapy to increase the level of adolescents’ hardiness. The results obtained can be used in the practical activities of child psy-chologists and educational psychologists of schools and colleges.
R-MATRIX CALCULATIONS OF THE DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM FUSION CROSS SECTION BASED ON PRECISE COULOMB FUNCTIONS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Bayakhmetov Olzhas , Sakhiyev Sayabek
Published: July 2024

Due to the availability of fuel, favorable kinetics, and high output energy, the deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reaction is dominantly used in thermonuclear fusion. This paper presents a detailed, step-by-step theoretical calculation of the D-T fusion cross-section within the framework of the phenomenological R-matrix method. The fundamental principles of the phenomenological R-matrix method are outlined. Nuclear and Coulomb interactions are addressed by the R-matrix formalism, which classifies the configuration space into internal and external regions, respectively. Precise Coulomb functions are utilized in the calculations, essential for the accurate determination of the penetration and shift factors. Precise Coulomb functions for the D+T, 4He+12C systems have been calculated. The penetration and shift factors for the D+T system for a given angular momentum have been obtained. Two different R-matrix models with parameters from recent scientific papers are employed to calculate D-T fusion cross-sections and reaction rates, which are then compared with those obtained from the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library data. Within a crucial low-energy range (from 0 to 0.1 MeV), important for fusion technology, our results show quite good agreement with experimental data, while in a high-energy range, the obtained results are slightly underestimated due to non-resonant 5He levels not being taken into account. These findings indicate that the models can be used for future thermonuclear fusion applications.
Features of teaching the discipline "Nanotechnologies in natural sciences" at the M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Useinov Beybut , Markova Agniya , Pervikov Alexander , Sartin Sergey , Shogzhanova Meruert , Seilbekova Gulmira
Published: July 2024

Nanotechnology has captured the information field on an impressive scale, which is in one way or another related to scientific topics. In the modern world, the term "nanotechnology" is heard by almost every layman, for marketing purposes there are abuses with reference to this area. A definition is given that restricts the scope of this term. At the same time, breakthrough opportunities with the use of this interdisciplinary field for science, the latest outstanding research both for the promotion of digitalization and for the knowledge of man himself are shown. Since 2022, North Kazakhstan University has beenconducting classes in the discipline "Nanotechnology in Natural Science Research" using high-precision modern equipment. The goal is to reveal the features of teaching this discipline at the Department of Physics. The importance of training specialists ofvarious educational programs of the natural sciences in this discipline, the need to apply practical research skills on advanced scientific equipment: atomic force microscope, scanning tunneling microscope are considered. The results of scanning by students obtained in laboratory classes are given. The aspects of teaching this discipline at the North Kazakhstan University at the Department of Physics are revealed, the importance of the knowledge and skills gained in the formation of a future competitive specialist in the labor market is shown.
Facile method of synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles for formation of supercapacitor electrodes with high specific capacitance
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kalkozova Zhanar , Migunova Anastassiya , Serikkanov Abay , Abdullin Khabibulla
Published: July 2024

Electrochemical energy storage systems have a wide range of applications, including large-scale storage of energy generated by alternative green energy, as well as in electric vehicles and portable electronics. For the operation of electrochemical energy storage systems, supercapacitors play an important role in protecting such systems from failure during power surges. Hybrid metal oxide supercapacitors, particularly those based on cobalt oxide, are promising devices and are intensively investigated. To overcome high electrical resistance, as well as to increase the surface-to-volume ratio in the manufacture of electrodes, it is necessary to use oxides in the form of nanoparticles immobilized in a conductive matrix consisting of carbon materials or materialswith higher conductivity than Co3O4.In the present work, a simple method for synthesizing cobalt oxide nanoparticles to form supercapacitor electrodes with high specific capacitance is developed. The method includes synthesis of metastable Zn-Co-O solid solution as an intermediate material. The specific capacitance of the obtained 1 cm2electrodes was 467.8 Fg-1in CV characteristic measurement and scan rate of 3 mVs-1, 379 Fg-1in GCD method at discharge current of 1 Ag-1and 415 Fg-1in EIS measurement at 0.01 Hz.
Research on the Generation of Professional Skill Modules for Talent Cultivation in the Landscape Architecture Profession for Industry-Education Integration of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Xu Fengyi , Su Yang
Published: July 2024

Due to industry characteristics or regional limitations, many students in certain majors tend to seek employment in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs face certain challenges in implementing industry-education integration, and there is a lack of mature methods in specific implementation processes and talent cultivation plan generation. Taking the landscape architecture profession as an example, this paper conducts a correlation analysis and cross-analysis of the industry-required professional skills based on surveys of over 300 industry practitioners employed in SMEs. It provides professional skill cultivation modules based on market feedback. This research process and analysis method have certain reference significance for the rapid production of adaptive talent cultivation professional skill modules in other industries targeting SMEs.
Exploration of Innovation Strategy in the Deep Integration of Information Technology and Education and Teaching
Authors: Meng Lingyan
Published: July 2024

The rapid development of information technology provides a new opportunity and impetus for the reform of education and teaching. Deep integration of information technology and education and teaching is the only way to promote the modernization of education. Starting from the connotation of the deep integration of information technology and education and teaching, this paper analyzes the existing problems in the current integration process, and puts forward innovative strategies from the aspects of concept, resources, model, and evaluation. Through measures such as building a smart teaching environment, enriching high-quality teaching resources, innovating teaching organization models, and establishing multiple evaluation systems, we will realize the deep integration of information technology and teaching, promote the reform of teaching and learning methods, improve the quality of personnel training, and provide strong support for the modernization of education.
Measurement Analysis and Evaluation of Twenty-Five Years of Chinese Mathematics Textbooks: Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace Knowledge Graph (1999–2024)
Authors: Wang Jie
Published: July 2024

At present, textbooks based on core literacy have become the inevitable demands of China’s curriculum reform, and the literacy of textbook goal construction is the key to the implementation of core literacy requirements, which is a huge challenge for textbook compilers. In this paper, we use the visual metrology of the CiteSpace knowledge graph to analyze Chinese mathematics textbooks (1999–2024), hoping to guide the future direction of Chinese mathematics textbook research.
Research on the Teaching Design of Advanced Mathematics Courses Based on Outcome-Based Education Concept
Authors: Huang Xinyu
Published: July 2024

This paper first analyzes the characteristics and current situation of the Advanced Mathematics course; secondly, it proposes a teaching model that integrates the outcome-based education (OBE) philosophy and blended teaching method, reorganizing the teaching objectives, teaching content, and assessment evaluation process of the Advanced Mathematics course; lastly, through practice, it is proved that this approach can effectively improve students’ mastery of course content, enhance students’ ability to apply mathematical knowledge, and strengthen teaching effectiveness.
PERFIL DOS EGRESSOS DO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA CAFS/UFPI - 2009/2019
Authors: Carvalho Geraldo do Nascimento , Feitosa Maria da Penha , De Sousa Batista Paulo Ricardo
Published: July 2024

O presente texto é resultado do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - TCC no âmbito do Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia - CAFS-UFPI, que teve como objetivo analisar o perfil socioeconômico, profissional e formativo dos egressos do CL em Pedagogia do CAFS/UFPI, entre 2009 e 2019. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com uma abordagem quantiqualitativa sob a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Referências básicas: CORRÊA (2022), MARIANO (2006), PDI/UFPI (2020/2024), BARDIN (2016), SELLTIZ (1967), entre outras. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas enviadas a 378 egressos que fizeram o curso de 2013.1 a 2019.4. Destes egressos, 60 devolveram os questionários respondidos. Os resultados/conclusões são: maioria é do sexo feminino, solteiras/os sem filhos e na faixa etária entre 18 e 35 anos; 54 egressos ganham na faixa de 1 até 5 salários mínimos e maioria tem origem social rural; maioria não trabalhava ao ingressar no curso, hoje 54 estão trabalhando; maioria continuou/continua estudando pós-graduação, latu e stricto sensu; maioria está satisfeita com o curso ao qual atribui conceitos de ótimo e bom; sugestões: fortalecer teoria-prática na atuação docente, formação continuada, ampliação de eventos de ensino, pesquisa, extensão, dentre outras.
Socio-psychological factors and conditions for the formation of responsible parenthood
Authors: Savchenko Y. , Kozyr M.
Published: July 2024

The proposed article highlights the conditions for the formation of parenthood as a psychological phenomenon, which acts as an integral psychological development of the personality. Parenthood includes the value orientations of parents, parental attitudes and expectations, parental positions, parental attitudes, parental feelings, parental responsibility, and the style of family upbringing in its developed form.

It was determined that the purpose of this article is to deepen the conceptual foundations of the study of responsible parenthood and to present it as an integral derivation that must be considered from the standpoint of a systemic approach. The task consists in researching social and psychological factors that determine the formation of the parenting system and clarifying the conditions for the formation of responsible parenting.

It was analyzed in the article that the phenomenon of parenthood is systemically determined. It represents a relatively independent system, simultaneously acting as a subsystem in relation to the family. The authors characterized the features of the phenomenon of parenthood, which simultaneously appears in several angles from different sides and reveal the complex structure of its organization.

Attention is focused on the fact that young people's perception of parenthood most often depends on their image in the parental family and sociocultural stereotypes.

In conclusion, the fact that the combined influence of the factors that characterize the considered levels leads to the formation of a certain model of parenting is highlighted as an argument of significance
Performance Optimization of Step-Like Divergence Plenum Air-Cooled Li-Ion Battery Thermal Management System Using Variable-Step-Height Configuration
Authors: Oyewola Olanrewaju M. , Awonusi Adetokunbo A. , Ismail Olawale S.
Published: July 2024

Several studies on air-cooled battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) have shown that improvement can be achieved through redesign of the BTMSs. Recent studies have achieved improvements in managing the temperature in the system, but mostly with an increase in pressure drop. It is therefore imperative to carry out an extended study or redesign of the existing designs to overcome these challenges. In this work, a standard Z-type BTMS, which has a flat divergence plenum, was redesigned to have a step-like divergence plenum of variable step height. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach was adopted to investigate the thermal and airflow performance of the BTMSs. The CFD methodology was validated by comparing its results with experimental data in the literature. Various step height configurations were considered for 3-step and 4-step models. Findings from the result revealed that the variable step height design enhances the cooling performance of the battery pack. For instance, a 3-step model with step heights of 3, 6, and 6 mm offered the least pressure drop and maximum temperature difference, and when compared with the model with a constant step height of 5, 5, and 5 mm, it yielded reductions of 3.4% and 21.6%, respectively. By increasing the inlet airflow velocity, the 4-step cases generally improved. The best cooling improvement was seen in case 26 at velocities over 3.7 m/s for maximum temperature and velocities over 4.8 m/s for maximum temperature difference. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-01 Full Text: PDF
Preparedness for Mandatory CSR Reporting of Multinational Companies: Case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Skýpalová Renata , Bohušová Hana , Křápek Milan
Published: July 2024

The way how multinational corporations integrate CSR activities into their business practices and communicate them to stakeholders can significantly impact their market position and business reputation. This paper evaluates the perceived level of preparedness for non-financial reporting associated with social, environmental, and economic CSR activities in selected multinational corporations operating in the Czech Republic. A questionnaire survey for this research was conducted between September 2021 and January 2022, targeting a specific group of multinational corporations established in EU countries and operating in the Czech Republic. As non-financial reporting is expected to be extended to a considerably large number of companies in the near future, this research has high practical relevance for stakeholders involved in decision-making processes. It is valuable for academics as well as the findings revealed statistically significant differences in the understanding of the degree of preparedness for non-financial reporting on individual CSR activities among the respondents. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-013 Full Text: PDF
MORINGA OLEIFERA, FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT: NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH BENEFITS
Authors: Buruiana Petronela-Elena ,   Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, 720229, Suceava, Romania, Filip Roxana , Amaritei Valentina , Gheorghita Roxana-Elena ,   Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, 720229, Suceava, Romania,   Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, 720229, Suceava, Romania,   Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, 720229, Suceava, Romania
Published: July 2024

Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant that provides various nutritional benefits in nutrition and medicine. It is a popular ingredient in fortified staple foods due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. This study aims to assess the acceptability of the plant among students and its perceived properties. Thus, 44 subjects, divided into two groups (22 in each group) were included in this study. For ten days, each group consumed 5 or 10 grams of moringa per day. Throughout the study, the subjects completed two validated questionnaires: the first one was distributed before the consumption and the second questionnaire after the intended period. The results obtained at the end of the study showed that both groups of consumers noticed beneficial effects on physical well-being and intellectual activity. However, people who consumed 10 g of moringa experienced more noticeable effects due to its powerful effect on concentration, well-being and the elimination of factors that cause fatigue, compared to the consumption of 5 g of moringa, where the majority of respondents stated that they did not feel any effect due to the low dose ingested.
mediación escolar y su intervención desde el nivel medio superior
Authors: Hernandez Castillo Gil David
Published: July 2024

La mediación es una ciencia multidisciplinaria, que impacta múltiples espacios, como en las instituciones de nivel medio superior, dentro de estas en todos sus entornos y espacios, desde la aplicabilidad en una materia en particular con relación a la mediación, sus analogías y metáforas, la generación de ciudadanos con cultura de la legalidad, desde la formación, así como la innovación de nuevos conceptos, paradigmas y modelos.