bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation and photocatalytic degradation mechanism of a hydroxyl modified UiO-66 type metal organic framework
Authors: Li Shixiong , Yang Shaolong , Liang Guichun , Yan Mulun , Wei Chengting , Lu Yan
Published: February 2023

The regulation and mechanism of UIO-66-2OH(2,3) photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) shows that the hydroxyl functional group on the organic ligand regulates its electronegativity and expands its light absorption range.
Study on main failure modes of multiple-holes structures based on branch-bound method
Authors: XIE Wei , ZHANG Yadan , MA Zehua , FENG Jinrong , WU Yu
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the typical five-hole structure on the aircraft skin, combined with the failure criterion of multi crack structure and considering the random factors affecting the residual life distribution of multiple crack structure, this paper applies the branch and bound algorithm to the screening of the main failure modes of typical five-hole structure, and gives the specific screening steps. The residual life of the structure is predicted by Franc3D crack propagation software, and the life interference model is established. Finally, the residual life distribution curve of the five-hole structure is formed to complete the screening of its main failure modes. The results show that the efficiency of using the algorithm to screen the main failure modes of the structure has been improved by 77.2%, and the error between the corresponding median life and that before screening is about 12%, indicating that the result of screening the main failure modes of the structure by the algorithm is more accurate. Compared with the existing test results, the median life predicted by the life distribution is more conservative and has certain reliability and accuracy. This method has certain reference significance for the evaluation of the safe life of this multi-holes structure.
Analysis of earth pressure on geogrid reinforced retaining wall and improvement of its calculation method
Authors: LI Lihua , ZHENG Zhigang , YAN Han , HUANG Shaoping , ZHOU Xinlong
Published: February 2023

土压力分布规律与计算方法一直是加筋土挡墙研究中的难点问题。通过有限元方法探究了不同工况下加筋土挡墙主动土压力的大小和分布规律。结合内、外摩擦角的动态发挥提出针对非极限状态下的土压力计算方法, 并与传统理论公式解、有限元数值解和实测结果进行对比, 验证其合理性。结果表明: 挡墙土压力数值大小受到土工格栅刚度和层数影响, 呈现出随配筋层数和刚度增加, 土压力逐渐减小的趋势。挡墙土压力大小与深度呈负相关, 不同工况下加筋土挡墙土压力随深度变化趋势差异不大, 加筋效果主要体现在挡墙上部。采用改进经验公式得到的非极限状态计算结果与实测结果整体一致, 证明了改进公式的合理性。
Modulation recognition algorithm based on mixed attention prototype network
Authors: PANG Yiqiong , XU Hua , JIANG Lei , SHI Yunhao , PENG Xiang
Published: February 2023

针对极少量带标签样本条件下的通信信号调制识别难题, 提出一种基于混合注意力原型网络的调制识别算法。综合元学习和度量学习的思想, 在原型网络框架下通过特征提取模块将信号映射至一个新的特征度量空间, 并通过比较该空间内各类原型与查询信号之间的距离确定查询信号调制样式。根据通信信号IQ分量的时序特点设计了由卷积神经网络和长短时记忆网络级联的特征提取模块, 并引入卷积注意力机制提升关键特征的权重; 采用基于Episode的训练策略, 使算法可泛化到新的信号识别任务中。仿真结果表明, 所提算法在每类信号只有5个带标签样本(5-way 5-shot)时平均识别率可达85.68%。
Infrared and visible image fusion algorithm based on split-attention residual networks
Authors: QIAN Kun , LI Tianyu , LI Zhe , CHEN Meishan
Published: February 2023

在红外和可见光图像融合算法中, 图像信息的丢失始终是制约融合图像质量提升的关键问题, 为此, 提出了一种基于拆分注意力残差网络的红外和可见光图像融合算法, 使用带有拆分注意力模块的深层残差网络拓展感受野和提高跨通道信息融合能力, 运用平滑最大值单元函数作为激活函数进一步提升网络性能; 特征提取后运用零相位分量分析和归一化算法得到融合权重后完成图像融合。实验结果表明, 融合后的图像细节丰富, 边缘锐利; 在峰值信噪比、结构相似性指数度量和基于梯度的融合性能等指标上与经典的6种算法相比均有不同程度提升。
Enhanced beetle antennae search algorithm for spot color prediction
Authors: GAO Zehai , LIU Yang , CHEN Jie , CHU Molin , ZHANG Yan , LI Chan
Published: February 2023

专色的准确预测是包装印刷领域的重要技术之一。为了得到更加准确的专色配方, 提高专色配色精度, 提出了一种结合最小二乘法和增强天牛须搜索算法的专色配方预测方法, 并利用吸光度来解决专色配方的预测问题。研究了高透光特性PET薄膜的光谱模型, 并构建了吸收光谱机理模型; 提出了增强天牛须搜索算法, 在传统天牛须搜索算法的基础上, 引入突变概率项和方向修正项, 提升算法的搜索能力和收敛速度; 利用最小二乘法优化配色色域空间, 降低基色搜索维度, 提高寻优效率。应用所提出的增强天牛须搜索算法求解各基色比例, 预测专色配方, 并与传统天牛须算法、粒子群算法和蚁群算法进行比较, 验证所提方法在专色预测方面的有效性和优越性。研究结果表明, 所提方法与现有的3种方法相比, 具有更高的精度, 原有专色和预测专色之间色差均小于3, 且90%的色差小于1, 40%的色差小于0.1, 所提方法对于提高专色油墨的配色精度具有显著效果, 可准确地预测专色配方。
Therapeutic Hypothermia Treatment for an Infant with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy and Gastroschisis: A Case Report
Authors: Flores-Fenlon Nicole , Shafer Grant , Awan Saeed , Ahmad Irfan
Published: February 2023

Gastroschisis is a congenital, typically isolated, full-thickness abdominal wall defect in which the abdominal contents, usually only the small intestine, remain outside the abdominal cavity. It is commonly detected on fetal ultrasonography, and has generally excellent survival and outcomes, though these can be decreased in cases of complicated gastroschisis. We present the case of a female infant with a prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis who required a prolonged and complex resuscitation after delivery. In addition to her gastroschisis, she presented with a history and physical examination consistent with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and was treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) without further compromise to her bowel. In addition, careful consideration of neuroprotection, fluid status, bowel viability, and hemodynamics were undertaken in her care. She was discharged home on full enteral feeds, with only mild language and gross motor delays at 6 months of age. To our knowledge, there are no reports in the literature of the use of TH in the setting of unrepaired simple gastroschisis.
Surgery Is the Last Resort for Huge Scrotal Lymphedema: A Series of Challenging Cases
Authors: ElKiran Yasser M. , Elshafei Amr M. , Abdelgawad Mohamed S. , Kamel Mohammed F. , Sharaf-Eldeen Hesham A. , Abdelmaksoud Mohammed A.
Published: February 2023

We aim to provide our surgical techniques, and outcomes of functional scrotal reduction procedures with complete preservation of the genitourinary original anatomy in a simple way without using complicated skin grafting or skin advancement flaps in Patients with huge and long-standing scrotal lymphedema 18 patients ages ranged from 14-65 with a median of 30 years. Functional scrotal and penoscrotal reduction was attained in all cases, without distortion of the genitourinary anatomy and without the need for advancement, rotational or free flaps, maximal scrotal diameter was reduced from median of 61[48-92] cms to a median of 25[21–29] cms (P<0.0001) and remained almost unchanged at the end of the follow up period 26[22-34] cms (P<0.0001). Sexual performance and voiding capacity were improved in all patients, testicular vascularity was unaffected and the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) for the quality of life showed marked enhancement in the total 55.5[50–72], general 55.5[50–72], social 100[50–100] and physical 16.6[16–33] points subscales. According to our experience, surgery remains the gold standard treatment for management of huge scrotal lymphedema, successful preservation of the genitourinary functions can be attained despite the size in most cases with excellent cosmoses.
A New Model for Basic Microsurgical Nerve Repair Simulation: Making the Most Out of Less
Authors: Ioncioaia Bogdan
Published: February 2023

Microsurgical peripheral nerve repair is a technical and challenging procedure that requires thorough training prior to a real-life operating theater scenario. While the gold standard in training remains training on biological living peripheral nerve specimen, various inanimate models of nerve repair simulation have been described in the past years.

The textile elastic band (TEB) obtained from a surgical mask was either covered with a fine silicone sheath or was left bare and was used afterward for end-to-end coaptation.

The average diameter of the TEB was 2 mm, similar with the nerves in the distal hand and can be easily crafted out of accessible materials such as a surgical mask and silicone sealant. The silicone that covers the TEB offers more fidelity to the simulation for microsurgical nerve coaptation.

The TEB model offers an affordable, available, and easy-to-craft alternative to the existing models for peripheral nerve repair simulation and serves as a good initiation tool before moving on to biological specimens.
Performance comparison analysis and process suggestion through slotless SPMSM during high-speed operation
Authors: Lee Seung-Heon , Song Si-Woo , Kim Dong-Ho , Min Jeong-Yeon , kim Won-Ho
Published: February 2023

Conventional surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) at high speed has large iron loss in the stator and eddy current loss in the rotor. The higher the eddy current loss, the higher the rotor temperature. Therefore, a plan to reduce the loss must be devised. Also, weight at high speed is related to mechanical stiffness and electromagnetic vibration noise. Therefore, a plan to reduce the weight must be devised. In this paper, we propose to change the shape of the conventional 15 kW 110 000 rpm class into a slotless shape. A process of protocol change was proposed, and the sizing design of the rotor and stator was devised. The advantages of the proposed shape were verified through performance comparison through finite element analysis (FEA) and mechanical stiffness analysis.
Assessing the place of minoritized languages in postcolonial contexts using the Linguistic Landscape
Authors: Migge Bettina
Published: February 2023

Linguistic Landscape research has demonstrated that detailed analysis of written signage provides, often simultaneously, important insights into various aspects of the sociolinguistic dynamics of a context, particularly those involving minoritized languages. Comparatively little of that research has, however, focused on postcolonial contexts in which people make little use of literacy and in which locally widely used minoritized languages co-exist with an officially dominant ex-colonial language. This paper explores written signage involving minoritized languages in the town of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni (French Guiana) and how it is shaped by local practices and social change. The paper argues that knowledge of the ethnographic context such as local practices of place belongingness, the place of writing, and processes of social change is indispensable when analyzing the Linguistic Landscape. When viewed from a holistic perspective, the Linguistic Landscape provides insights into local identities and the processes promoting them.
A causal formulation of dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics with or without diffusion
Authors: Freistühler Heinrich
Published: February 2023

The article proposes a causal five-field formulation of dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics as a quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic system of second order. The system is determined by four dissipation coefficients

η
,
ζ
,
κ
,
μ

\eta ,\zeta ,\kappa ,\mu

, free functions of the fields, which quantify shear viscosity, bulk viscosity, heat conductivity, and diffusion.
Population-size history inferences from the coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) genome
Authors: Rondeau Eric B , Christensen Kris A , Minkley David R , Leong Jong S , Chan Michelle T T , Despins Cody A , Mueller Anita , Sakhrani Dionne , Biagi Carlo A , Rougemont Quentin , Normandeau Eric , Jones Steven J M , Devlin Robert H , Withler Ruth E , Beacham Terry D , Naish Kerry A , Yáñez José M , Neira Roberto , Bernatchez Louis , Davidson William S , Koop Ben F
Published: February 2023

Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are a culturally and economically important species that return from multiyear ocean migrations to spawn in rivers that flow to the Northern Pacific Ocean. Southern stocks of coho salmon in Canada and the United States have significantly declined over the past quarter century, and unfortunately, conservation efforts have not reversed this trend. To assist in stock management and conservation efforts, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly. We also resequenced the genomes of 83 coho salmon across the North American range to identify nucleotide variants and understand the demographic histories of these salmon by modeling effective population size from genome-wide data. From demographic history modeling, we observed reductions in effective population sizes between 3,750 and 8,000 years ago for several northern sampling sites, which may correspond to bottleneck events during recolonization after glacial retreat.
Development of a keyword library for capturing PRO-CTCAE-focused “symptom talk” in oncology conversations
Authors: Durieux Brigitte N , Zverev Samuel R , Tarbi Elise C , Kwok Anne , Sciacca Kate , Pollak Kathryn I , Tulsky James A , Lindvall Charlotta
Published: February 2023

Objectives

As computational methods for detecting symptoms can help us better attend to patient suffering, the objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate the performance of a natural language processing keyword library for detecting symptom talk, and to describe symptom communication within our dataset to generate insights for future model building.

Materials and Methods

This was a secondary analysis of 121 transcribed outpatient oncology conversations from the Communication in Oncologist-Patient Encounters trial. Through an iterative process of identifying symptom expressions via inductive and deductive techniques, we generated a library of keywords relevant to the Patient-Reported Outcome version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) framework from 90 conversations, and tested the library on 31 additional transcripts. To contextualize symptom expressions and the nature of misclassifications, we qualitatively analyzed 450 mislabeled and properly labeled symptom-positive turns.

Results

The final library, comprising 1320 terms, identified symptom talk among conversation turns with an F1 of 0.82 against a PRO-CTCAE-focused gold standard, and an F1 of 0.61 against a broad gold standard. Qualitative observations suggest that physical symptoms are more easily detected than psychological symptoms (eg, anxiety), and ambiguity persists throughout symptom communication.

Discussion

This rudimentary keyword library captures most PRO-CTCAE-focused symptom talk, but the ambiguity of symptom speech limits the utility of rule-based methods alone, and limits to generalizability must be considered.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight opportunities for more advanced computational models to detect symptom expressions from transcribed clinical conversations. Future improvements in speech-to-text could enable real-time detection at scale.
Understanding and Practices of Human Rights Standards Relating to Policing: A Case Study of Ghana Police Officers
Authors: Golo Harrison Kwame
Published: February 2023

Human Rights Education (HRE) has been recognized by scholars as crucial and critical for the construction of a universal culture of human rights. This recognition stems from the fact that HRE enables the building of capacity and responsiveness of professionals in terms of shaping their skills through the acquisition of the requisite knowledge, attitude, skills and practices of international human rights standards that relate to their work. Drawing on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, this article explores police officers’ knowledge and practice of international human rights standards that relate to policing from a conveniently selected 48 groups of police officers from eight randomly selected regions out of the 16 regions of Ghana. The findings revealed that, although HRE constitutes part of the Ghana Police Service training curriculum, a large number of the officer-participants indicate inadequate understanding and practice of these relevant Human Rights Standards. Prudent HRE-oriented policies concerning Ghana police training are recommended.
Puzzle
Authors: Fletcher Michael
Published: February 2023

Better tetra. Plus the solution to last issue’s teaser
Music, tuberculosis and stats: Lessons from a Ugandan pop star
Authors: Alba Sandra , Khan Amera
Published: February 2023

Epidemiologists Sandra Alba and Amera Khan catch up with Bebe Cool, their superstar collaborator on a passion-fuelled project to combat TB
Interview: Ian Gordon
Authors: Bennett Hayley
Published: February 2023

Ian Gordon has spent 40 years working as an applied statistician and was recently appointed President of the Statistical Society of Australia (SSA). As director of the Statistical Consulting Centre at the University of Melbourne, his clients are diverse and he has acted as an expert witness in high-profile legal cases, including for victims of fires, floods, racial discrimination and pelvic mesh implants. Hayley Bennett finds out more
Multi-scored sleep databases: how to exploit the multiple-labels in automated sleep scoring
Authors: Fiorillo Luigi , Pedroncelli Davide , Agostini Valentina , Favaro Paolo , Faraci Francesca Dalia
Published: February 2023

Study Objectives

Inter-scorer variability in scoring polysomnograms is a well-known problem. Most of the existing automated sleep scoring systems are trained using labels annotated by a single-scorer, whose subjective evaluation is transferred to the model. When annotations from two or more scorers are available, the scoring models are usually trained on the scorer consensus. The averaged scorer’s subjectivity is transferred into the model, losing information about the internal variability among different scorers. In this study, we aim to insert the multiple-knowledge of the different physicians into the training procedure. The goal is to optimize a model training, exploiting the full information that can be extracted from the consensus of a group of scorers.

Methods

We train two lightweight deep learning-based models on three different multi-scored databases. We exploit the label smoothing technique together with a soft-consensus (LSSC) distribution to insert the multiple-knowledge in the training procedure of the model. We introduce the averaged cosine similarity metric (ACS) to quantify the similarity between the hypnodensity-graph generated by the models with-LSSC and the hypnodensity-graph generated by the scorer consensus.

Results

The performance of the models improves on all the databases when we train the models with our LSSC. We found an increase in ACS (up to 6.4%) between the hypnodensity-graph generated by the models trained with-LSSC and the hypnodensity-graph generated by the consensus.

Conclusion

Our approach definitely enables a model to better adapt to the consensus of the group of scorers. Future work will focus on further investigations on different scoring architectures and hopefully large-scale-heterogeneous multi-scored datasets.
High Rates of Successful Return to Competitive Athletics After Posterior Spinal Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Regardless of Distal Fusion Level
Authors: Fabricant Peter D. , Pascual-Leone Nicolas , Gross Preston W. , Retzky Julia S. , Green Daniel W. , Blanco John S. , Widmann Roger F.
Published: February 2023

Study Design.

Prospective cohort.

Objective.

To determine if distal spinal fusion level is associated with postoperative sport participation after posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary of Background Data.

The concept of “saving a level” during PSF for AIS refers to minimizing the distal extent of lumbar fusion to theoretically allow for increased postoperative spinal mobility and a more predictable return to athletic activity, as well as minimizing the risk of degenerative disc disease. There are few prospective studies evaluating the correlation between distal fusion level and timing of return to sports.

Materials and Methods.

Adolescent patients undergoing PSF for AIS between 2009 and 2019 were approached at their presurgical visit to participate in this prospective study. Participants were followed for a minimum of 2 years after surgery. Sports participation (classified by sport type and level of competitiveness) and radiographic data were collected at the initial visit. At each postoperative visit, it was noted whether patients returned to the same sport type and level of competitiveness.

Results.

After an a priori power calculation was performed, a total of 106 participants were included in the analysis with a mean age of 14 ± 2 years. Distal fusion levels ranged from T11 to L4. There was no significant association between distal fusion level and return to the same level of sports participation (P = 0.192). Of the participants, 93% returned to sports with no significant differences by distal fusion level (P = 0.081). Distal fusion level demonstrated no difference in return to preoperative sport (P = 0.486) or return to the same type of sport (P = 0.247).

Conclusions.

This study found no association between distal fusion level and postoperative sports participation. Even though many patients may elect to change sports, nearly all patients returned to sports, and the majority of patients returned to the same level of sports competition or higher after PSF for AIS.
A Novel 3-Point Injection Technique for OnabotulinumtoxinA in the Upper Depressor Anguli Oris
Authors: Moradi Amir , Khalifian Saami , Alghoul Mohammed S. , Poehler Jeanette
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) injections to the depressor anguli oris (DAO) to improve downturned mouth.

PATIENTS AND METHODS/MATERIALS

This prospective, placebo-controlled, study enrolled subjects aged 18 to 65 years. Injections were performed using a novel 3-point technique in the upper DAO (1.5 U/injection site). The primary end point was a DAO contraction scale 1-grade improvement. Subjective evaluation was performed using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).

RESULTS

Ten subjects received ONA and 10 placebo (saline) injections. In ONA-treated subjects, DAO scores showed significant improvements at Weeks 4 and 12 (p < .001) compared with baseline. No significant difference between visits was observed for placebo-injected subjects. Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores showed that 100% of subjects were improved compared with baseline at Week 4% and 90% at Week 12. By contrast, 90% and 80% of placebo-treated subjects had “no change” in their DAO appearance at Weeks 4 and 12. Subject GAIS assessments matched the live evaluator at Week 4; 60% continued to report improvement at Week 12. Treatment was well tolerated.

CONCLUSION

OnabotulinumtoxinA injections to the DAO using a 3-point technique provide clinically meaningful improvements in appearance. Treatment was well tolerated and in most individuals lasted at least 12 weeks.

IDENTIFIER

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04240535.
Analysis of Survival Differences Between Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Kromer Courtney M. , Yacoub Nour , Xiong David , Knackstedt Thomas
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are clinically aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that can present as cutaneous or subcutaneous based tumors that are commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Historically, these tumors have poor outcomes. Previously, no study has compared survival of cutaneous versus subcutaneous MPNSTs.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the difference in overall survival (OS) among cutaneous MPNSTs, subcutaneous MPNSTs of the head and neck, and subcutaneous MPNSTs of the trunk and extremities.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Nine hundred eighteen patients were included in this retrospective study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER-9) database with primary cutaneous or subcutaneous MPNSTs from 1975 to 2016. OS was calculated using cox proportional hazard models for each group.

RESULTS

No significant difference was revealed in OS between cutaneous or subcutaneous MPNSTs, regardless of location. Factors associated with decreased OS included advanced age, higher grade, and nondefinitive surgical modality.

CONCLUSION

This study results implies that unlike other soft tissue sarcomas, cutaneous presentation does not improve OS in patients with MPNSTs compared with their subcutaneous counterparts.
Awareness and Counseling Among Dermatologists of the Association Between Hydrochlorothiazide and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Barriers and Opportunities
Authors: Bard Jason T. , Kornmehl Heather A. , Smith Robert J.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Cumulative hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) use is linked to the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers. In August 2020, the U.S. FDA approved changes to the HCTZ drug label to indicate this.

OBJECTIVE

To uncover what proportion of dermatologists are aware of this association and how often screening and counseling are performed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

An observational, cross-sectional survey assessing risk awareness and counseling frequency and barriers was distributed among academic dermatologists. Chi-square tests compared resident and attending respondent data.

RESULTS

A total of 83 respondents completed the questionnaire; most endorsed awareness of the association between HCTZ use and nonmelanoma skin cancer development before the survey, yet only 28.9% of respondents were aware of changes to the HCTZ drug label. A greater proportion of attendings than residents were aware of the association and drug label changes. The most reported barrier to counseling was the lack of specific screening guidelines for patients taking HCTZ.

CONCLUSION

Concerted efforts should be made in residency training and continuing medical education to ensure dermatologists are aware of this well-established link. Specialty-specific efforts should be made to implement clear guidelines on best screening practices and optimized counseling strategies for patients taking HCTZ.
Effects of erythropoietin in neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy receiving therapeutic hypothermia
Authors: Lin Tzu-Hua , Chen Chia-Huei , Ko Mary Hsin-Ju , Tsai Jeng-Daw , Jeng Mei-Jy
Published: February 2023

Background:

Minimizing multiple organ dysfunction-related mortality and morbidity is a critical issue for patients with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH). Although erythropoietin (EPO) has demonstrated protective effects on various hypoxic–ischemic organs in animal studies and clinical trials in adults, its effects on neonates with HIE require further investigation.

Methods:

This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of neonates with HIE who received TH with or without EPO (TH+EPO vs TH groups) administration in a tertiary referral hospital from January 2016 to January 2021. Data regarding patient characteristics, medical treatment, and clinical (neurological, cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal) function assessments were collected. To control for confounding factors and selection bias between the two groups, a 1:1 propensity matching method was applied.

Results:

A total of 45 neonates with HIE received TH during the study period, with 24 patients (53%) in the TH+EPO group. After matching, each group enrolled 13 cases. No significant difference in mortality or hospital stay between the two groups was noted. During the first 3 days, the patients in the TH+EPO group showed significantly higher blood pressure (BP) than those in the TH group (p < 0.05 on day 1). The TH+EPO group showed trends of higher blood hemoglobin (p > 0.05) and creatinine (p > 0.05) levels and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (p > 0.05) and urine output (p > 0.05) during the first 2 weeks than TH group.

Conclusion:

The use of EPO in addition to TH is safe for neonates with HIE. The neonates with moderate or severe HIE who received EPO may have a lesser risk of hypotension than those who received TH alone. Further clinical studies on renal and cardiac functions and long-term neurological effects of EPO are required.
Short-term efficacy of cholecystectomy plus bile duct T-tube drainage or choledochojejunostomy in the treatment of gallbladder cancer and its effects on median survival time and postoperative complications
Authors: Sheng Bo , Liu Jingjing
Published: February 2023

To explore the short-term efficacy of cholecystectomy plus bile duct T-tube drainage or choledochojejunostomy (CJ) in the treatment of gallbladder cancer (GC) and its effects on the median survival time and postoperative complications. The clinical data of 121 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in department of hepatobiliary surgery of the hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the adjuvant treatment methods, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n = 61, LC + bile duct T-tube drainage) and experimental group (n = 60, LC + CJ). The perioperative indicators, short-term efficacy, median survival time, postoperative complications and immune stress response were compared between the 2 groups of patients before and after propensity score matching. The surgical time, postoperative anal first exhaust time, and intraoperative blood loss in the experimental group were no different from those in the control group (P > .05), but the hospital stay was shorter than that in the control group (P < .05). There was no difference in the effective rate of treatment and median survival time between the 2 groups (P > .05). The total incidence rate of complications in the experimental group at 14 days after surgery was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). Day 3 after surgery, the levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P < .05), while the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) was lower than that of the control group (P < .05). Compared with bile duct T-tube drainage, LC + CJ in the treatment of GC can better shorten the postoperative hospital stay and reduce the postoperative complications and immune stress response, but and the median survival time of the 2 is similar, which can be promoted in clinical practice.
New strategy in hemorrhagic gastric cancer: A case report of complete pathological remission after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Yuhang , Zhou Yuchen , Lin Xiaojun , Lin Shengtao , Li Weihua
Published: February 2023

Rationale:

Strategy for hemorrhagic gastric cancer should both handle the potential life-threatening situation caused by bleeding and increase probability of long-term survival. For hemorrhagic patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, surgical resection is always the preferred option for the reason that it eliminates both the tumor and risk of rebleeding. However, the long-term survival after resection is still unsatisfactory.

Patient concerns:

Here, we report a patient with hemorrhagic locally advanced gastric cancer achieved pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Diagnoses:

In this case, a 58-year-old man presenting with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability was admitted to the emergency department. Gastroscopy and biopsy revealed a large hemorrhagic ulcerated carcinoma located in the antrum, gastric angle, and lower part of gastric body. Abdominal CT indicated an infiltrative ulcerated carcinoma with perigastric lymph nodes metastasis.

Interventions:

After fluid resuscitation, blood transfusion, application of proton pump inhibitors, and Octreotide, the patient recovered gradually. Then, nasojejunal feeding tube was placed for enteral nutrition and tumor exclusion. Subsequently, the patient received 5 cycles of neoadjuvant S-1 plus oxaliplatin regimen, without signs of rebleeding, followed by radical distal gastrectomy.

Outcomes:

Pathological examination confirmed that the patient received pathological complete response.

Lessons:

This case suggests that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is feasible in selected hemorrhagic gastric cancer patients and tumor exclusion is helpful in reducing rebleeding risk.
How understandable are the patient education materials about flat foot on the Internet for parents?
Authors: Çiftci Sadettin , Şahin Erdem , Aktaş Süha Ahmet , Safali Selim , Durgut Fatih , Aydin Bahattin Kerem
Published: February 2023

Flat foot is a common reason for parents to visit orthopedic clinics. As the Internet has become an easy-search platform, parents often seek online educational materials before seeking out a professional. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality, readability, and understandability of such online materials for parents. An Internet search was performed for “flat foot” and “pes planus” using the Google search engine. The readability was evaluated using 6 different grading systems: Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Fry Readability score, Gunning Fog Index tests, and Automated Readability Index. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool test was used to assess the understandability. For quality assessment, the Journal of American Medical Association benchmark criteria and Health on the Net code were applied. One hundred nine websites were included and evaluated for readability, understandability, and quality. The mean readability grade for all websites was 10.5 ± 2.0. The mean Gunning Fog Index tests and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level scores for all websites were 12.4 ± 2.2 and 9.7 ± 2.1 sequentially. The mean Coleman–Liau index score was 10.0 ± 1.5, and the average Fry Readability score was 9.9 ± 2.0. The automated readability index for all websites was 10.3 ± 2.5. The average Flesch Reading Ease score for all educational materials was 59.3 ± 10.1. The average Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool score for all educational materials was 81% (range, 70–87%). The mean Journal of American Medical Association benchmark criterion for all websites was 1.0, with a range from 1.0 and 2.0. Eighteen (16.5%) websites had Health on the Net certificates. Readability, understandability, and quality of patient education materials about flat feet on the Internet vary and are often worse than professional recommendations.
Six-year clinical outcomes of enzyme replacement therapy for perinatal lethal and infantile hypophosphatasia in Korea: Two case reports
Authors: Kim Insung , Noh Eu-Seon , Kim Min-Sun , Jang Ja-Hyun , Jeon Tae Yeon , Choi Hae Won , Cho Sung Yoon
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a genetic disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in ALPL, which encodes tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Early diagnosis and treatment of perinatal and infantile HPP are important because of their high mortality rates. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using human recombinant tissue-nonspecific ALP asfotase alfa was introduced in Korea in 2016. We report the first experience of ERT over 6 years for perinatal lethal and infantile HPP in Korea.

Patient concerns:

The first patient was a 6-week-old Korean boy with a failure to thrive. The second patient was an 8-day-old Korean-Uzbek body with generalized tonic-clonic seizure with cyanosis.

Diagnoses:

HPP was suspected in both patients because of the very low level of ALP activity and rachitic findings on radiographs, and the disease was confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the ALPL gene.

Intervention:

The first patient with infantile HPP started ERT at 21 months of age and the second patient with perinatal HPP started ERT at 30 days of age. Both patients received asfotase alfa (2 mg/kg 3 times per week subcutaneously, adjusted to 3 mg/kg 3 times per week if required) for 6 years.

Outcomes:

After 6 years of ERT, radiographic findings and growth standard deviation scores improved in both patients. The second patient showed no evidence of rickets after 3 years of ERT. Mechanical respiratory support and supplemental oxygen were not required after 4.5 years of treatment in the first patient and at 2 months after treatment in the second patient.

Conclusion:

Among the 2 patients, the patient who started ERT early had a much better prognosis despite a more severe initial clinical presentation. Our results suggest that early diagnosis and prompt treatment play an important role in improving long-term prognosis and avoiding morbidity and premature mortality in patients with perinatal and infantile HPP.
Clubfoot from past to the present: A bibliometric analysis with global productivity and research trends
Authors: Yolaçan Hakan , Güler Serkan , Özmanevra Ramadan
Published: February 2023

Clubfoot, a common congenital abnormality, affects the lower extremities; however, the literature search revealed no bibliometric research on this subject. Thus, we aimed to holistically analyze scientific articles and reveal global productivity and trend issues. This study statistically analyzed 1417 published articles on clubfoot (1980–2021) from the Web of Science database. Bibliometric network visualization maps were created to reveal trend topics, citation analysis, and cross-country collaborations. The analysis was conducted using Spearman correlation analysis. An exponential smoothing estimator was used to predict article productivity. The United States of America (433, 30.5%), the United Kingdom (166, 11.7%), and India (107, 7.5%) are the top 3 countries contributing to the literature. The Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics (220 articles), the Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics-Part B (147 articles), and Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research (69 articles) are the top 3 most productive journals. Dobbs MB (34 articles) is the most active author, and Shriners Hospital Children (44 articles) is the most active institution. Bibliometric analysis revealed that recently studied trend topics included Pirani score, Dimeglio score, Ponseti method, Ponseti casting, tenotomy, recurrence, neglected, tendon transfer, bracing, gait, risk factors, pedobarography, complex clubfoot, and polymorphism. The most studied subjects included Ponseti technique, treatment/casting, recurrent/relapsed clubfoot, Pirani score, pediatrics/children, foot deformities, surgery, ultrasound, Achilles tendon/tenotomy, gait analysis, casting, outcomes, neglected clubfoot, and tenotomy. Research leadership was determined in the western and European countries and Canada in studies and scientific collaborations on clubfoot; its impact was remarkable in India, China, and Turkey.
Clinical study of Tongdu Shujin decoction in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with cold-dampness obstruction type: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Zihua , Du Mingrui , Li Jigao , Shi Dongliang , Wang Hejun , Li Huan , Guo Hongtao
Published: February 2023

Background:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has a high incidence, and severe cases can lead to spinal deformity and even joint fusion, which causes a huge burden on patients life, work and psychology. Tongdu Shujin decoction (TDSJ) has a definite effect in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, so we designed a randomized controlled trial to observe the efficacy of TDSJ in the treatment of AS, and to evaluate its safety.

Methods:

In this randomized controlled trial, 80 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a treatment group TDSJ and a control group (celecoxib capsules in combination with thalidomide tablets) for 8 weeks. Visual analogue scale, bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index, bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index, and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores will be used as primary indicators. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, spinal mobility (figure-ground distance, occipital tubercle-wall distance, Schober test) will be used as secondary indicators. Vital signs (respiration, heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiogram), blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver function, and renal function will be used as safety indicators. The primary and secondary indicators will be detected at 0th and 8th week, while safety indicators at 0th, 4th, and 8th week.

Discussion:

This study will provide high-quality clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of TDSJ in the treatment of AS.
Identification of potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer by clinical database analysis and Kaplan–Meier curves analysis
Authors: Li Chongyang , Gao Ying , Lu Chunlei , Guo Mingxiao
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to explore critical genes as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) for clinical utility. To identify and screen candidate genes involved in CRC carcinogenesis and disease progression, we downloaded microarray datasets GSE89076, GSE73360, and GSE32323 from the GEO database identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and performed a functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and correlated module analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve shows the survival of the hub genes. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK1), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), and PCNA in tissues and changes in tumor grade were analyzed. A total of 329 DEGs were identified, including 264 upregulated and 65 downregulated genes. The functions and pathways of DEGs include the mitotic cell cycle, poly(A) RNA binding replication, ATP binding, DNA replication, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, and RNA transport. Forty-seven Hub genes were identified, and biological process analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in cell cycle and DNA replication. Patients with mutations in CDK1, PCNA, and CCNB1 had poorer survival rates. CDK1, PCNA, and CCNB1 were significantly overexpressed in the tumor tissues. The expression of CDK1 and CCNB1 gradually decreased with increasing tumor grade. CDK1, CCNB1, and PCNA can be used as potential markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. These genes are overexpressed in colon cancer tissues and are associated with low survival rates in CRC patients.
Effects of intensive speech treatment on Mandarin speakers with Parkinson’s Disease: A review
Authors: Chen Qingqing , Chen Bailin , Wan Qin , Wang Yongli , Li Jian , Huang Zhaoming
Published: February 2023

Background:

Benefits of intensive speech treatment have been documented for a range of speech signs in English speakers with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). However, the answer to a critical question that whether the same treatment benefits speech variables including intelligibility in Mandarin speakers is still unclear. In order to develop a targeted speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD, we reviewed the efficacy of intensive speech treatment to improve vocal loudness and functional communication and discuss possible explanations for efficacy on Mandarin speakers with PD.

Methods:

Literatures about intensive speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) Database. Search strategy was (voice therapy OR speech therapy OR voice treatment OR speech treatment OR voice training OR speech training OR voice rehabilitation OR speech rehabilitation OR Lee Silverman voice treatment OR intensive speech treatment) and (Parkinson’s disease) and (Mandarin speakers OR Chinese OR Chinese people).

Results:

Five randomized controlled trials were selected and possible explanations for efficacy on individuals with PD are discussed. Further research directions are suggested.

Conclusion:

The existing evidence from treatment efficacy studies of intensive speech treatment provides support for improving vocal loudness, speech intelligibility, pitch and rate in Mandarin speakers with PD. Our future research will continue to work to conduct a large sample multicenter randomized controlled trial to provide high quality evidence and understand the basic mechanisms accompanying treatment-related change.
Comparison of clinical outcomes with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation versus dynamic hip screw for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Cong , Chen Zhangxin , Wang Mengyuan , Chen Wei , Ding Zhenqi
Published: February 2023

Background:

The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) versus dynamic hip screw (DHS) for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures, including the available evidence drawn from the literature.

Methods:

A systematic search was conducted to identify available and relevant randomized controlled trials and retrospective comparative observational studies regarding PFNA compared against DHS in treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus Online up to February 12, 2022. Data from the included studies were extracted independently by 2 reviewers and analyzed using RevMan 5.3, and the quality of the studies was assessed.

Results:

Five randomized controlled trials and 12 observational studies were recruited and met the inclusion criteria, which consisted of 1332 patients with PFNA and 1271 patients with DHS. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with the DHS, PFNA exhibited a beneficial role in postoperative Harris Hip Scores, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, fracture healing time and full weight-bearing time, limb shortening, cutout, reoperation, union problems, the varus collapse of the femoral head/neck, and infection; however, DHS was superior to PFNA in hidden blood loss (relative risk [RR] = 139.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] [136.18, 143.43], P < .00001), postoperation drainage (RR = −17.85, 95% CI [−30.10, −5.60], P = .004), total blood loss (RR = 50.34, 95% CI [42.99, 57.69], P < .00001), and femoral shaft fracture (RR = 4.72, 95% CI [1.15, 19.32], P = .03) treated by DHS were significantly decreased, compared with those by PFNA; however, no significant differences were observed in tip–apex distance, fixation failures, screw migration, or other complicants between the 2 surgical methods.

Conclusion:

Analysis of a large number of relevant clinical indicators available shows that PFNA has better clinical manifestation than DHS in treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
Metabolic status indicators and influencing factors in non-obese, non-centrally obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Huang Zhipeng , Wei Donghong , Yu Xueping , Huang Zicheng , Lin Yijie , Lin Wenji , Su Zhijun , Jiang Jianjia
Published: February 2023

Non-obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by metabolic disorders and related complications. This study aimed to provide an integrated description of clinical, metabolic, and influencing factors for a specific category of patients with non-obese NAFLD. A total of 36 participants with body mass index (BMI) < 28 kg/m2 and visceral adipose tissue < 100 cm2 were classified into 2 groups: the non-obese, non-centrally obese control group (n = 17) and non-obese, non-centrally obese NAFLD group (n = 19). Hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and hypertension were used to determine whether participants were metabolically abnormal. Based on a logistic regression model, odds ratios for the factors influencing NAFLD with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Insulin resistance (IR) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were higher in the NAFLD group than in the control group (P < .05). The NAFLD group had a higher metabolic abnormality rate than the healthy control group (36.84% vs 5.88%, P = .044). Correlation analysis showed that IR was positively correlated with FPG and triglyceride (P < .05). BMI was the main influencing factor of NAFLD (regression coefficient β = 0.631; odds ratio = 1.879; 95% confidence interval, 1.233–2.863). NAFLD patients with a BMI < 28 kg/m2 and visceral adipose tissue < 100 cm2 had more apparent IR, higher FPG, and a higher metabolic abnormality rate. IR may be affected by FPG and triglyceride. Even in non-obese and non-centrally obese individuals, BMI should be controlled to avoid NAFLD.