bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green and Efficient Removal of Toxic Lead and Chromiumfrom Synthetic Leather Tannery Wastewater using Electrocoagulation
Authors:   Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamsoro Sindh Pakistan, Jarwar Arshad Iqbal , Qureshi Khadija ,   Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamsoro Sindh Pakistan, Nazir Unar Imran ,   Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamsoro Sindh Pakistan, Ali Bhatti Zulfiqar ,   Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamsoro Sindh Pakistan
Published: February 2024

Most of leather tanneries in Pakistan dispose of tannery effluent untreated in sewage lines causing serious harmful environmental impact. Some of tanneries use conventional activated sludge process releasing large quantity of sludge and not effective for treating heavy metal in leather tanneries. The manuscript deals with implementation of electrocoagulation technology for removal of Cr and Pb from Leather tannery effluent, investigation of operating parameters current density, treatment time and pH on removal efficiency. Electrodes was made of Iron having dimension 9.5 cm x 0.6 cm x 0.4 cm and affective surface area of electrode was 76 cm2. After conducting different experiments at various operating conditions, pH 3.5 and current density 18.8 milliamp/cm2 was found to be optimized condition for treating 1 liter of synthetic leather tannery effluent. The maximum removal efficiency of chromium and lead was obtained 87.8 % and 62.7 % respectively at pH 3.5 and current density of 18.8 milliamp/cm2. The EDX analysis of sludge shows presence of chromium, lead and iron element in sludge and FTIR analysis shows the presence of hydroxyl functional group in sludge, it is strong evidence of iron polymer complexes formation with chromium and lead during treatment of synthetic leather tannery wastewater. Both of these analysis show strong evidence of effective electrocoagulation process. It was proved that electrocoagulation can effectively treat synthetic leather tannery effluent. The SEM analysis shows production of coagulant on surface of electrode.
Design, Fabrication, and Analysis of a Precision Drilling Jig for Waste Reduction: A Low-cost Solution
Authors:   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Pakistan Navy Engineering College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Haider Syed Mustafa , Hussain Abbas ,   Department of Engineering Sciences, Pakistan Navy Engineering College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Atta Khan Shaheryar ,   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Pakistan Navy Engineering College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Sarwar Naeem ,   Department of Engineering Sciences, Pakistan Navy Engineering College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Nawaz Amir ,   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: February 2024

The modern assemblies of various machines such as engines, gears trains, and body panels require a highly precise drilling operation. These precisely drilled holes not only ensure the efficiency by constrained motions of these machines’ parts but also ensure longer service life. Moreover, precision drilling shall also ensure no subsequent requirement of reaming resulting in time and cost-saving. The precise drilling operation cannot be achieved unless highly precise machinery (CNC) is being utilized requiring higher initial investment (Pkr 1000000), or highly skilled workers demanding about twice the labor than the semi-skilled person. Being a small-sized industry, for profitability, a low-cost solution was proposed in this current work. To obtain precise drilling operation by the application of a drilling jig (Pkr 3000) on the manual bench drill machine (Pkr 15000), by a semi-skilled worker. In this work, a drilling jig has been designed, fabricated, and analyzed. This jig also can rotate the workpiece in clockwise/counter-clockwise directions. The drilled holes measurements provided the evidence that under the spindle speeds of 340, 700, and 1000 rpm, the closer dimensional values (~0.1mm) can be obtained, resulting in the elimination of rework and extra cost, along with the setup-time reduction by eliminating marking and center punching process, with the application of jig. It was concluded that the jig is quite applicable and can be substituted with high-cost CNC machines as a low-cost solution to the local small and medium-scale manufacturing industries.
TRADITIONS OF I. KARPENKO-KARYI IN M. KULISH’ DRAMA: LITERARY ASPECT
Authors:   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Atamanchuk V. P.
Published: February 2024

One of the brightest playwrights of the twentieth century, M. Kulish has synthesized significant artistic achievements of his outstanding predecessors. The Ukrainian playwright has organically combined the achievements of many artistic trends (realism, symbolism, expressionism, “theatre of the absurd”), creating an original, aesthetically and artistically perfect, stylistic system. In dramatic works by M. Kulish, the intersection of diverse semantic and artistic planes, as well as the interaction of different discourses with the involvement of the achievements of world art and philosophy, is combined with a strong reliance on the traditions of national drama. The traditions of I. Karpenko-Karyi in the drama by M. Kulish can be traced in various aspects. First of all, as the top achievements that became the basis for further development, deepening and the transformation of ideological and artistic achievements of Ukrainian drama of the early twentieth century. The vector of development, which was formed by I. Karpenko-Karyi, determined the initial positions for the realization of the first dramatic attempts of M. Kulish and some aesthetic parameters of the dramatic techniques, artistic achievements of his outstanding predecessor in accordance with the conceptual tasks that faced him as a creator of modern drama under the new historic conditions. At the same time, the traditions of the Ukrainian Coryphées theatre, modified to the circumstances and challenges of the twentieth century can be traced in the literary works by M. Kulish on different levels: stylistic (that is manifested in the use of realism aesthetics, with its topmost embodiment in plays by I. Karpenko-Karyi; expressionism aesthetics, with its basics of development in the literary works of the XIX century playwrights); genre (which is realized in the appeal to the genres of classical drama – comedy, tragicomedy, melodrama – with its further rethinking of the these main genres attributes in accordance with the modernist worldview); plot (which is displayed in the use of similar in some parameters plot frameworks), etc.
ACTIVITIES OF THE CORYPHEE THEATRE REFLECTED IN EMIGRATION STUDIES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bandura H. O.
Published: February 2024

The article reviews the publications of emigration issues dedicated to the activities of the Coryphee theater. It is stated that the theater has occupied an important place in the life of emigrants since the time of the first Ukrainian settlers in the “pioneer era”. Theatrical life continued even during and after both world wars in the camps of captured Ukrainian soldiers, where plays by M. Kropyvnytskyi, M. Starytskyi and I. Karpenko-Karyi were performed. It is noted that the studying of the Coryphee theater phenomenon was an essential component of education, in particular for students of the Ukrainian Free University (Vienna, Prague, Munich). It became the subject of scientific studies, which results were used in the educational process. These include the works “Ukrainian Theater” (1923) by D. Antonovich and “Theater” (1951) by I. Mirchuk. The Coryphee theater is mentioned in a number of works of a synthetic nature, which are “An Essay on Ukrainian Culture” (1961) by V. Yaniv, “The Ukrainian Culture” (1994) by I. Mirchuk, “A Thousand Years of Ukrainian Culture” (1985) by M. Semchyshyn. Much work is dedicated to activity of the Coryphee theater in S. Chorny’s monograph “Karpenko-Kary and Theater” (1978), which traces the artist’s life – as a playwright and an actor – and outlines his theatrical and aesthetic principles. The work by D. Antonovych “Three Hundred Years of Ukrainian Theater” (1925) reveals the breadth of the chosen material and the depth of its analysis, whereby the development of the Coryphee theater and the multifaceted activity of its creators are analyzed in the contemporary socio-political context. It is established that emigration researchers consider the Coryphee theater not only an outstanding artistic phenomenon, but also an important factor to strengthen the national identity of the colonized Ukrainian people. The latter made these researches to be distinctly polemical towards Soviet theatrical studies sustained in the spirit of Marxist ideology.
Classification of acid sulfate soils and soil materials in Finland and Sweden: Re-introduction of para-acid sulfate soils
Authors:   Geological Survey of Finland, Kokkola, Boman Anton , Mattbäck Stefan ,   Geological Survey of Finland, kokkola,   Åbo Akademi University, Geology and Mineralogy, Turku, Finland, Becher Marina ,   Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala, Yli-Halla Markku ,   University of Helsinki, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Finland, Sohlenius Gustav ,   Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala, Auri Jaakko ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Öhrling Christian ,   Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala, Liwata-Kenttälä Pauliina ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Rovaniemi, Edén Peter ,   Rantakatu 7 B 40, FI-65100, Vaasa, Finland
Published: February 2024

Established international soil classification systems have not properly accommodated acid sulfate soils (ASS) and soil materials in Finland and Sweden because: (1) in these soils some diagnostic ASS properties are too deep to meet the depth requirements, and (2) there is a lack of defined diagnostic soil classification criteria for acidic and potentially acidic soil materials that do not completely fulfill the diagnostic pH-criterion of pH < 4.0. In this paper, two new ASS materials are introduced with the prefix “para” for parasulfuric material (oxidized material) and parahypersulfidic material (reduced material). These materials have diagnostic pH-criteria of pH 4.0–4.5 and 3.0–3.5 (field-pH for parasulfuric material and incubation-pH for parahypersulfidic material) for mineral and organic soil materials (here defined as > 20% organic matter; peat and gyttja), respectively. The term “para-acid sulfate soil (para-ASS) material” is introduced for soil materials which may have a considerable environmental impact due to mobilization of acidity and dissolved metals. Because organic acids may lower pH to values below the established pH-value of < 4.0 for ASS materials, a pH of < 3.0 is used in the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification for organic soil materials. These changes and new additions to existing diagnostic ASS materials have consequently also led to a slight modification of the required field-pH values of the existing terms “hypersulfidic material” and “sulfuric material”. The Finnish-Swedish ASS classification further includes a systematic way for classification of the entire soil profile and no depth requirements for diagnostic ASS materials are present; what matters is the current or potential environmental impact that the soil has or may have. It is proposed that the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification may serve as a framework for establishing a unified ASS classification globally and that the new diagnostic ASS materials are included in relevant international soil classification systems.
Some Measures of State and Non-State Support for Families with Children: The Role of Non-Profit Sector Organizations
Authors: Telitsyna A.Y.
Published: February 2024

The study aims to clarify the status of state support measures for children and families with children and the role of organizations of the non-profit sector in providing comprehensive support to families. The purpose of the article is to summarize the data and theoretically analyze various measures to support families with children. The main research method is theoretical analysis. Results of the study demonstrate the main directions of state support and activities of organizations of the non-profit sector, as well as controversial issues and contradictions in access to data, were identified. In the course of the theoretical analysis, a number of diverse factors have been identified that influence the process and result of supporting families with children. It is noted that the involvement of NGOs in the system of proactive preservation with the preservation of health status would increase the strengthening of the effectiveness of the implementation of social policy in the Russian Federation and double care for those who need it.
Assessment of influence of considering the flexibility of the front loader frame on the emerging loads in the multibody system
Authors: Rubanov Pavel S. , Goncharov Roman B. , Skotnikov Gleb I. , Gorelov Vasily A. , Grigoriev Vladimir S.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Dynamic models are widely used for vehicle dynamics simulation. Increase of simulation accuracy is achieved with adding flexible bodies in a model, making problem solving more complicated. Therefore, assessment of influence of considering the flexibility of the front loader frame on the emerging loads in the multibody system becomes necessary.
AIM: Assessment of considering the flexibility of the front loader frame on the emerging loads in the multibody system becomes necessary.
METHODS: The solution of the problem is presented with the example of a multibody model of a 14.5-ton front loader (FL) with a frame coupled with wheel movers rigidly fixed to the front half-frame and a swinging axle at the rear half-frame. This method of coupling makes it possible to assess the effect of the flexibility of the elements of the FL by comparing the vertical forces that occur in the contact patch of the wheels with the support surface. The multibody models are built in the NX Motion application of the NX 2206 software package.
RESULTS: The comparison of vertical wheel forces in given load conditions (symmetrical and skew-symmetric) using absolutely rigid and flexible models of the frame is carried out. It is found that the forces for skew-symmetric loading modes can differ by up to 20% depending on the frame stiffness.
CONCLUSION: As a result of the conducted research, it can be stated that taking into account the suppleness of the load-bearing system of the vehicle significantly affects the results obtained in the process of modeling.
Development of an algorithm for controlling the suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle using the technology of systems embedding
Authors: Verkner Alexey S.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: The article is devoted to the development of an algorithm for controlling the suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle. The paper presents a suspension control system for a heavy-duty vehicle. The relevance is linked to the fact that by 2025, industry cooperation between representatives of the high-tech industry and scientists in the field of developing intelligent vehicle control systems is planned within the Autonet ecosystem. The control systems of modernized units with a high degree of electrification and digitalization are of the greatest interest to Russian automakers. This paper describes the results of a study of the active suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle from the side of control theory.
AIM: Development of an algorithm for controlling the suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle. A technical requirement for the monotony of the transition process was formed, since this is the main indicator of improvement of the operational properties of a vehicle, which becomes obvious especially clearly in the smoothness of the suspension.
METHODS: In the study, the fundamentals of the theory of automatic control, the theory of linear algebra, the concept of the state space, as well as methods of systems embedding based on modern achievements of algebra were used. Computer simulation was carried out in the environment of the MATLAB/Scilab/SimInTech kind.
RESULTS: A mathematical and computer model of a half of a four-point suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle has been developed. The paper presents a suspension control system for a heavy-duty vehicle. The control algorithm is developed using the systems nesting technology. The properties of the synthesized control system more than doubled the quality of the system compared to the characteristics of the control object.
CONCLUSION: The practical value lies in the ability of using the results of the study in the production and testing of adaptive suspension of a heavy-duty vehicle.
Exergy analysis of thermodynamic performance of a gas turbine unit
Authors: Komarov Oleg V. , Sammour Alaa A. , Zubkov Ilya S. , Blinov Vitaly L.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Gas turbine units are the most widespread type of power plants used in almost all industries. Such a wide distribution in combination with a high level of energy characteristics, high specific power and flexibility determine the relevance of research in the field of assessing their operating parameters.
AIM: Determining the exergy characteristics (exergy efficiency and exergy dissipation factor) of a gas turbine plant and evaluation the efficiency of energy use in a gas turbine plant, as well as analysis of the influence of ambient temperature on the selected parameters.
METHODS: The paper presents the results of an exergy analysis of the gas turbine plant as part of the Jandar Thermal Power Plant, Syria. To evaluate the described parameters, the method of exergy analysis of the thermodynamic characteristics of a gas turbine plant based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics in conjunction with the laws of conservation of mass and energy was used. An important feature of the study, which also emphasizes its novelty, is taking into account the chemical exergy of combustion gases during the exergy analysis.
RESULTS: Based on the results of the study, it was found that the maximum exergy efficiency was 92.8% and was typical for a turbine as part of a gas turbine, while the highest exergy dissipation was observed in the process of fuel combustion in the combustion chamber and was equal to 80% (117.3 MW). The lowest exergy values corresponded to the compressor — 6.0% (9 MW). For the gas turbine unit as a whole, the total exergy dissipation was 147.3 MW and the exergy efficiency was 53.3%. In this case, the main sources of irreversibility in the gas turbine unit are the combustion chamber and combustion gases.
CONCLUSION: Exergy analysis is a convenient method for evaluating the thermodynamic perfection of gas turbine units. As a further line of the study, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of various conditions, such as air humidity or compressor pressure ratio, on the exergy characteristics of the gas turbine fuller.
Influence of the centrifugal pump impeller vanes parameters on its energy performance at operating with high-viscosity liquid
Authors: Cheremushkin Vyacheslav A. , Lomakin Vladimir O.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: The currently existing methods for recalculating the operation of centrifugal pumps for viscous fluids cover a sufficiently small range of viscosities. In addition, the considered papers cover the recalculation only, not the search for the optimal geometry of the centrifugal pump for high-viscosity liquids. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics tools were used to test the ability of centrifugal impellers to pump liquids with a viscosity of up to 20,000 sSt, as well as to search for the optimal geometry of the flow path.
AIM: Determination the dependence pattern of the geometric parameters, including vanes, of the optimal geometry of the centrifugal pump flow path at various values of flow rate and viscosity.
METHODS: A numerical modeling method based on the solving of discrete analogs of the basic equations of hydrodynamics is used in this paper.
RESULTS: It was proved that, with the considered viscosities, an impeller with a profiled vane, but with a smaller wrap angle and height, is capable of more efficient operation than a disk impeller. The dependences of the parameters of the optimal flow paths on the characteristics for which their optimization was carried out are given.
CONCLUSION: Based on the study results, it can be stated that it is advisable to use centrifugal impellers in case of high viscosity of the liquid, taking into account the choice of non-classical values of the geometric parameters of the flow path, including the height and angle of its vanes.
Frederick Douglass in the British Isles (1845–1847): A Reassessment of Approach, Achievement, and Legacy
Authors: Anderson-Davis Stuart
Published: February 2024

Frederick Douglass’s first tour of the British Isles (1845–1847) proved a pivotal episode in the life of the legendary campaigner and the broader fight against slavery. Douglass made over three-hundred speaking appearances during his nineteen-month stay—sparking public debate, generating hundreds of newspaper articles, and reinvigorating an antislavery movement that had largely stalled in Britain since the 1830s. Douglass’s campaigning revealed early glimpses of his rhetorical skills and political instincts, including his successful navigation of the “white slavery” controversy and an impressive publicity blitz on the nation’s newspapers. However, Douglass’s time in Britain was not an unmitigated success. This paper examines the limitations of his work—including the failure to successfully pressurize the Free Church of Scotland into returning donations linked to slavery, and the strategic decisions that limited Douglass’s ability to deliver tangible results. In so doing, the paper attempts a more nuanced and dispassionate assessment of Douglass’s tour—evaluating his visit as a political campaign (not an oratory showcase) with successes and failures that shaped the most influential Black American of the nineteenth century.
Pain and Discomfort: An Ethnographic Study of Pharmacological, Traditional and Complementary Medicine, (TCM) and Self-Care Models in Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Rivas-Toledo Alexis
Published: February 2024

The research is framed within the recognition of three contemporary models that modern citizens intermittently turn to when facing the challenges of pain and discomfort: the biomedical model based on medicalization and the use of pharmaceuticals; traditional and complementary medicine (TCM) based on local-indigenous knowledge and the use of plants and natural compounds; the self-care model that combines elements of the first two and adds personal practices. The article presents the results of ethnographies in 265 households in Quito conducted between 2022 and 2023, addressing the questions: What were the main pharmaceuticals in the households? What were the meanings, values, and uses of industrial drugs in the households? Pharmaceuticals kept at home were inventoried, and elements of TCM were also found, demonstrating the combination of models in everyday life. The most striking pharmacological findings were the high concentration and storage in domestic spaces (drawers, countertops, showcases, rooms, bathrooms, among others) of analgesics, gastrointestinal medicines, antibiotics, supplements, and vitamins, and antiallergics. The anthropological meanings of medicinal compounds revolved around safety, trust, and the ease of purchase, use, and access in the household landscape. In pharmacological terms, the study demonstrates the active role of the medicalizing model that positions industrial pharmaceuticals as immediate responses structured around a population's habitus that normalizes their use and consumption. The research allows for a reconsideration of collective health and its contemporary challenges as a multiple, rational phenomenon, with characteristics of therapeutic hybridization and medical plurality.
Use of the transfemoral access approach for cardiac stimulation device implantation when the superior venous approach is not feasible: A single-centre twenty-year series
Authors: Guerrero Juan , Castañeda Joaquín , Piñero Antonio
Published: February 2024

Background: When permanent cardiac stimulation device implantation via superior venous access (i.e., cephalic, axillary or subclavian veins) is not possible or advisable, safe and feasible surgical alternatives must be used. The transfemoral approach is relatively unknown; therefore, it is seldom used and studied. This single-centre study analysed the 20-year outcomes of patients who underwent implantation using a transfemoral implantation approach. Methods: Data on the implantation procedure (indication, approach, lead and pacemaker models, complications), patient characteristics (age, sex, medications, comorbidities), and follow-up were analysed for all patients who underwent permanent cardiac stimulation device implantation using the transfemoral approach between June 2001 and December 2021. Results: A permanent cardiac stimulation device was implanted using the transfemoral approach in 66 patients (mean age, 76 years [range: 45-96], 40 [60%] men). The most frequent indication was atrioventricular block, associated with sinus rhythm in 36 patients and atrial fibrillation in 11 patients. The mean implantation time was 61 min (range: 20-210), and the mean fluoroscopy time was 7.9 min (range: 0.2-87). The minimum follow-up period was one year (December 2022), with a mean of 60 months [range: 2-180]). Overall, 26 patients (42%) were treated with oral anticoagulants postimplantation. No deaths, septic episodes, or severe complications were associated with the procedure in the short or long term. Follow-up data were available for 64 patients, of whom 52 (81%) died during follow-up (mean age, 84 years [range: 55-101]). No deaths were associated with the use of the transfemoral technique. Conclusions: Permanent cardiac stimulation device implantation using the transfemoral access approach is feasible and straightforward for an experienced implant surgeon. The outcomes of systems implanted by the transfemoral access approach were comparable to those of systems implanted by the superior venous approach, and no severe complications were observed at the 20-year follow-up.
Identifying Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases with Machine Learning: Evidence from The UK Household Longitudinal Study
Authors: Nikolaou Vasilis , Massaro Sebastiano , Fakhimi Masoud , Garn Wolfgang
Published: February 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are a significant global health concern, responsible for one-third of deaths worldwide and posing a substantial burden on society and national healthcare systems. To effectively address this challenge and develop targeted intervention strategies, the ability to predict cardiovascular diseases from standardized assessments, such as occupational health encounters or national surveys, is critical. This study aims to assist these efforts by identifying a set of biomarkers, which together with known risk factors, can predict cardiovascular diseases on the onset. We used a sample of 7,767 individuals from the UK household longitudinal study ‘Understanding Society’ to train several machine learning models able to pinpoint biomarkers and risk factors at baseline that predict cardiovascular diseases at a ten-year follow-up. A logistic regression model was trained for comparison. A gaussian naïve bayes classifier returned 82% recall in contrast to 48% of the logistic regression, allowing us to identify the most prominent biomarkers predicting cardiovascular diseases. These findings show the opportunity to use machine learning to identify a wide range of previously overlooked biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases onset and thus encourage the implementation of such a model in the early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in future research and practice.
Virtual Private Network—Firewall Integration for Wireless Local Area Network Improvement against Jammers
Authors:   Communication Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Nourildean Shayma W.
Published: February 2024

Wireless networks are susceptible to many security problems since the wireless medium is open. Jammer (jamming attack) is the most important problems in wireless networks. It is denial-of-service attack in which attackers send malicious signals or messages on a channel that is intended for normal traffic by intentionally interfering with the network. One of the solutions is the development of tunneling technology as an attempt to secure communication networks. Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunneling technology when integrated with firewall would provide a suitable security. In this study, number of Jammers would interfere with the normal operation of the network resulting in performance degradation of network. These Jammers decrease throughput and increase delay and data dropped. The aim of this study is to improve the performance of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) by integrating Firewall with VPN in number of different Riverbed Modeler simulation scenarios which it is utilized in this study for video and data applications. Firewall is a technology employed to regulate the level of network connectivity. It can block unauthorized access from an external network to an internal network’s resources. In this study, the tunneling technology of VPN was integrated with firewall to improve the performance by increasing the throughput and decreasing delay and data dropped. The firewall would block any access to the server from the workstations and the VPN would filter the packets to allow a specific access to the specific server. The results showed that VPN when integrated with firewall increased the throughput from 1,350,000 to 1,500,000 bits/sec and decreased the delay from 0.0054 sec to 0.0047 sec and data dropped from 7,800 to 5,000 bits/sec so that this study proved that VPN incorporated with firewall provides a good throughput and delay improvement for wireless local area network.
Automated Writing Evaluation: Users’ Perception and Expectations
Authors:   UiTM Cawangan Terengganu, Dungun Campus, 23000 Dungun, Terengganu, Malaysia, Mat Azman Che
Published: February 2024

Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) is a great tool for writing evaluation and correction due to its ability to analyze writing. Recent debates in writing have focused on the distinctions between the traditional method of teaching writing and the implementation of AWE in the teaching of writing and choosing the better of the two. The objective of this study is to explore the learners’ perception of AWE among university students as well as their expectation of AWE implementation. The design of the study is descriptive in nature, employing the quantitative method with 72 university students participating in the experiment. This group underwent an intervention of 10 weeks being exposed to the AWE use. In this study, a questionnaire was developed as a tool for data collection. The implementation of AWE was viewed favourably by respondents. It was discovered that respondents consider AWE to be successful in terms of improving vocabulary use, language use, spelling, and punctuation. Respondents however, consider AWE to be less helpful in improving the substance and organisation of students’ ESL writing. The findings indicate that using technology in this digital learning environment cannot sufficiently support the process of ESL writing assessment and still necessitates traditional evaluation methods such as educators explaining and helping their students organize their writing and develop successful material in ESL writing.
Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Cyberbullying
Authors:   Center for Applied Mathematics and Bio informatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait, Omran Esraa
Published: February 2024

Cyberbullying is the use of technology to harass, intimidate, or harm others. It can take many forms, such as online harassment, cyberstalking, and the sharing of embarrassing or compromising photos or videos. It is a serious issue that can have severe consequences for victims, including depression, anxiety, and even suicide. It is important for individuals to be aware of the signs of cyberbullying and to take steps to prevent and address it.
Assemblage of spider diversity in Okkarai region of Pachamalai hills, Eastern Ghats, Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: VASSOU MIRIAM CECILIA , TAMILPERIYARDHASAN SUREENTHIRA , ARIVOLI SUBRAMANIAN , TENNYSON SAMUEL
Published: February 2024

The Okkarai area of Pachamalai hills, Eastern Ghats, Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India, was studied for spider diversity in the current study. In total, 178 spiders were recorded, belonging to 12 distinct families (Araneidae, Desidae, Linyphiidae, Nephilidae, Oxyopidae, Pholcidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Sparassidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiidae and Thomisidae), and 17 and 20 different genera and species, respectively. Araneidae family dominated the spider population, and the family dominance curve was in the ascending order of Araneidae (25.28%) > Oxyopidae (14.04%) > Pholcidae (14.04%) > Thomisidae (10.11%) > Tetragnathidae (7.86%) > Linyphiidae (6.74%) > Nephilidae (6.17%) > Sparassidae (5.05%) > Theridiidae (4.49%) > Pisauridae (3.37) > Salticidae (2.24%) > Desidae (0.56%). Araneidae (17.64%) had the most genera per family, and Araneidae and Oxyopidae (20.00%) had the most species per family; and about species composition, Pholcus phalangioides dominated with 14.04%. Spider guilds were represented by web patterns as well as hunting patterns. Web pattern comprised orb web (60.86%), cobweb (34.78%) and sheet web (4.34%). Orb web was represented by families Araneidae, Nephilidae and Tetragnathidae; cobweb by Desidae, Pholcidae, Pisauridae and Theridiidae; while Linyphiidae for sheet web. Ambushers (53.22%) and stalkers (46.77%) represented the hunting pattern whereas Pisauridae, Sparassidae and Thomisidae represented ambushers, and Oxyopidae and Salticidae represented stalkers. Araneidae and Oxyopidae had high species richness indicated by Hill’s (4), Margalef’s (1.33), and Menhinick’s (0.299) indices. Salticidae had high species evenness denoted by Alatalo’s (0.578), Pielou’s (0.488), Shannon’s (1.471) and Sheldon’s (1.413) indices; while Linyphiidae represented Heip’s index (1.347). Araneidae scored high on other indices, viz., Berger-Parker dominance (25.28%), community dominance (1.24), and relative dominance (20.00%); while Salticidae had a high Hill’s number abundance (1.413%), and Pholcidae had a high relative frequency (0.55). This study will contribute to the data on spider biodiversity, taxonomy, it's abundance, distribution, and community organization.
First report of Schizoglyphus (Acari: Schizoglyphidae) on white grub larvae from India
Authors: SREEDEVI KOLLA , KUMAR PRAKYA SREERAMA , GUPTA SALIL KUMAR , SHEELA NANJUNDAIAH , SUSHIL SATYA NAND
Published: February 2024

White grubs cause serious yield losses in high-value and staple crops, including sugarcane, groundnut, maize and potato, but biological control through entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes is by far the most sustainable management strategy available. In our investigations on the factors causing mortality of several species of white grubs, we found an undermined species of the soil-dwelling mite, Schizoglyphus affecting white grub species belonging to Scarabaeidae of Coleoptera. This is the first report of the occurrence of this mite from India and as well from scarab larvae. The potential of this mite as a biocontrol agent has to be explored.
Tendência da mortalidade neonatal no Pará de 2010 a 2020
Authors: Silva Alan Melo dos Santos , Chermont Arimery  Gomes , Brasil Laelia Maria Barra Feio
Published: February 2024

Trata-se de estudo transversal que teve como objetivo analisar os óbitos neonatais no estado do Pará no período de 2010 a 2020, com o intuito de identificar a ocorrência de acordo com as micro e mesorregiões e descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos conforme sexo, idade gestacional, tipo de gravidez e peso ao nascer. Os resultados indicaram uma redução geral de 24% nos óbitos neonatais, porém com variação significativa entre as micro e mesorregiões. A prematuridade esteve presente em 56% dos óbitos, também foi observado um aumento nos óbitos em neonatos com menos de 22 semanas de gestação. Também foi observado que os óbitos neonatais foram mais frequentes em mães com baixa escolaridade. Neste contexto, estratégias personalizadas para cada microrregião são necessárias para melhorar os indicadores neonatais. O fortalecimento do pré-natal, a promoção do parto normal, o cuidado adequado ao prematuro e a disseminação de informações e educação para gestantes e famílias são fundamentais para reduzir os óbitos neonatais. Os achados contribuem para o conhecimento sobre os fatores de risco associados aos óbitos neonatais e ressaltam a necessidade de intervenções específicas e integradas visando melhorar os desfechos neonatais e garantir um futuro saudável para as crianças paraenses.
A Bibliometric and Meta-Analysis of Studies on Build Operated Transfer
Authors: Sabri Yusril , Syafrinaldi  , Munaf Yusri , Febrianto Surizki
Published: February 2024

Several countries most often face the problem of completing national infrastructure development. The BoT Bulid Operated Transfer scheme is often used between the government and the private sector. From these studies, there are still too few bibliometric studies on government and private cooperation through the BoT scheme. This research aims to map trends in studies regarding the BoT scheme in government infrastructure development. The analysis method uses searching and collecting metadata from Scopus documents. The data is then processed using Vosviwer software. This research found that research on BoT topics discussed planning, efficiency, assessment, and risk management. Research on BoT will be interesting to discuss in future research on issues surrounding aspects of cooperation with the BoT scheme with political and economic approaches that can influence the success of BoT cooperation. Even though this research can map several topics surrounding BoT, there is still limited space for data collection methods from one source. Future research needs to expand the mapping of BoT studies by exploring broader data.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE VEGETAL NO PESCAR E NO COLHER NO TERRITÓRIO DAS ÁGUAS DO BAIXO TOCANTINS, CAMETÁ-PA
Authors: ALVES Maysa , SABOIA Tiago Corrêa
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the use of plant biodiversity in two important activities that mark the ways of life of traditional populations. We sought to understand the ethnobiological knowledge in traditional communities used in the manufacture of fishing and extractive equipment. Hold discussions on fishing activities and plant extraction; and the variety of equipment are the specific objectives that guide this research. To collect the data, semi-structured interviews, field notebooks and open questionnaires were used for families living in four communities in the island region of the municipality of Cametá. Eight (08) devices made from ten (10) plant species were identified. The matapí was the equipment most mentioned by informants. Specific species are identified in (04) botanical families, with Arecaceae being the most cited family. The informants presented important ethnobiological knowledge about the species, as well as the ethnodefinition of each individual and their respective use in the community.
DESASTRE E CATÁSTROFE: UMA CONSTRIBUIÇÃO PARA OS ESTUDOS LITERÁRIOS
Authors: SOUZA Irisvaldo (Iran) Laurindo de
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the concepts of disaster and catastrophe from the perspective of literary theory. It also reflects on testimony as an expression of both in contemporary literature. The paper argues that disaster and catastrophe are interrelated paradigms but argues that there is a point of schism between them: the possibility of reversal of material and psychosocial impacts and damage underlying disaster, and the explicit impossibility of social reality returning to how it was before a catastrophe. By implying solidarity between individuals and communities, as well as state relief of the victims, the disaster is inscribed in the framework of otherness. The framework of the catastrophe, on the other hand, is that of barbarism, a consequence of the permanent state of exception in modernity. The authors of reference are Adorno and Horkheimer (1985), Agamben (2004), Benjamin (2012), Hobsbawm (2013), Löwy (2000), Quarantelli (2015), Seligmann-Silva (2000; 2003; 2005; 2018), Ginzburg (2010), and Sarmento-Pantoja (2014).
ABC AO TCC: PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO E SEUS IMPACTOS SOBRE UNIVERSITÁRIOS ORIUNDOS DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: TEIXEIRA Jorge Samuel De Sousa , SOUSA Erica De Paula , VASCONCELOS Francisca Denise Silva
Published: February 2024

This qualitative research aimed to understand if there are reading and writing difficulties in the academic environment on the part of students coming from public schools as a result of the literacy process in childhood. Research sample were 13 students from Ceará’s Federal University/ Sobral Campus Psychology Undergraduate Program. Participant’s reports were collected and analyzed using semi-structured interviews technique and Thematic Analysis method. Research results point that academic language presented in the undergraduate program, as well as the basic schooling process, marked by a teaching gap, are factors related to reading and writing difficulties encountered by students in higher education. The research began after approval by the Research Ethics Committee (UEVA), attested by the Certificate for Presentation of Ethical Appreciation (CAAE) 40106320.4.0000.5053 and technical note 4.504,740.
SEXO X GÊNERO: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A (RE) PRODUÇÃO DA NATUREZA
Authors: BRAGA Patrick De Almeida Trindade
Published: February 2024

This paper brings an archaeological and genealogical analysis on the idea of gender, starting on its emergence as an analytical category on human sciences, derived from works in the field of biomedicine which advocated it as the cultural version of sex, until the present, when post-structuralist, decolonial and queer perspectives attempt to de-ontologise the term, demonstrating how the nature x culture binarism is reinscribed under the sex x gender logic, being, thus, epistemologically unsustainable and ethically reprehensible. In order to do that, a bibliographical review of the statements of the sex-gender system by Gayle Rubin and its variations in Joan Scott, as well as in biomedical theories, especially by John Money, is carried out, contrasting them to proposals which attempt to de-ontologise such system, found in authors such as Paul B. Preciado, Judith Butler and Donna Haraway. Finally, it defends a new paradigm for thinking the tensions between sex and gender, in which nature is thought of as a technocultural product.
QUE LEE CRISTINA RIVERA GARZA Y QUIEN LA LEE: EL INTERTEXTO EN LAS AULAS
Authors: PARDO Ignacio Ballester
Published: February 2024

This article addresses the work of Cristina Rivera Garza (Matamoros, Tamaulipas, 1964) regarding the intertext (Mendoza) that it is possible to work in Primary and Secondary classrooms. We focus on poetry because most of the research on it ignores it in favor of narrative. For this reason, we consider it essential to vindicate the literary genre that allows us to learn in the classroom from the references that influence the author of La muerte me da (2007) and El disco de Newton (2011). We will start from such books to observe the readings that consolidate her writing and, at the same time, the imprint they exert on recent promotions (Higashi) in Mexico, such as Sara Uribe or Verónica Gerber; or in Spain, María Ángeles Pérez López.
TOCAR MADERA: NI PERDÓN NI OLVIDO. ENTREVISTA AL ESCRITOR ALEJANDRO MANRÍQUEZ
Authors: HORTAL Inés
Published: February 2024

This interview is based mainly on the report Tocar Madera, which received an honorable mention in the International Short Story Competition: Three Stories for Ingrid (2021). In turn, a journey is carried out through different facets, because of the story, as well as in the trajectory of Alejandro Manríquez in the world of letters, his precepts, opinions and feeling like a young exponent of a new generation that does not leave indifferent al lector and
Screening local marine habitats suggests a novel strain Bacillus subtilis MZ1 as a potential fatty acid producer
Authors: Aboelnaga Mohamed , Mohamed Briksam S. , Azab Maha , Hegazy Mohammad , Saad Sara , Abdel-Fattah H. Selim Dalia , El-Nahas Saadiya , El-Sabbagh Sabha M. , Zayed Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Within this academic research article, a bacterium isolated from a marine soil environment near the Mediterranean Sea is observed to possess the potential for producing various fatty acids, particularly n-caproic and oleic acids, as evidenced by FAME profiling. Furthermore, the introduction of glucose into the growth medium enhances the production of caprylic acid rather than caproic acid. The 16S rDNA sequencing suggested that the MZ1 strain belongs to Bacillus subtilis and is closely related to many halophilic species. FAME profiling reveals that the isolated MZ1 is competent in the total production of fatty acids compared to other marine bacterial candidates. Furthermore, the results indicate that MZ1 is efficient in the production of many other fatty acids. This exploration suggests that the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilisMZ1 can be used for the synthesis of fatty acids, which could be valuable for biodiesel production and other applications.
Función pulmonar en paranadadores con lesión medular en Cali-Colombia. Serie de Casos
Authors: Hincapié Gallón Olga Lucía , Angulo Viña Juan Diego , Hurtado Trujillo Alexandra , Reyes Gutierrez Isabella , Sabogal Maria Camila , Tonguino Rosero Stefanie
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir algunas características de la función pulmonar de cuatro paranadores con lesión medular de Cali-Colombia. Se incluyeron cuatro deportistas de iniciación deportiva de para-natación con lesión medular de cualquier nivel neurológico, quienes firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se tomaron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, deportivos, antropométricos, independencia funcional y función pulmonar mediante espirometría y movilidad torácica mediante la cirtometría. Los resultados evidencian cuatro paranadores entre 26 y 42 años, con niveles neurológicos entre T2-T4 y T10-T11. Ninguno de los casos presentó enfermedades respiratorias pre y post lesión, dos de los casos presentaron historial tabáquico. Los casos llevaban entre tres y doce meses practicando el deporte, todos con normopeso según IMC; con dependencia leve según Índice de Barthel. Además, presentaron valores entre 83 % y 93 % del valor predicho en la relación VEF1/CVF. La mejor toma de la movilidad torácica a nivel axilar estuvo entre 1,5 y 5,6 cm y a nivel xifoideo entre 1,5 y 2,5 cm. Se concluye que los sujetos no tuvieron alteraciones en la función pulmonar, que los deportistas con historial tabáquico y nivel de lesión más alto presentaron disminución en la movilidad torácica, el entrenamiento en agua puede otorgar beneficios a nivel pulmonar.