bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Malicious Traffic Detection in IoT Healthcare Environment
Authors: Hussain Faisal , Abbas Syed Ghazanfar , Shah Ghalib A. , Pires Ivan Miguel , Fayyaz Ubaid U. , Shahzad Farrukh , Garcia Nuno M. , Zdravevski Eftim
Published: April 2021

The Internet of things (IoT) has emerged as a topic of intense interest among the research and industrial community as it has had a revolutionary impact on human life. The rapid growth of IoT technology has revolutionized human life by inaugurating the concept of smart devices, smart healthcare, smart industry, smart city, smart grid, among others. IoT devices’ security has become a serious concern nowadays, especially for the healthcare domain, where recent attacks exposed damaging IoT security vulnerabilities. Traditional network security solutions are well established. However, due to the resource constraint property of IoT devices and the distinct behavior of IoT protocols, the existing security mechanisms cannot be deployed directly for securing the IoT devices and network from the cyber-attacks. To enhance the level of security for IoT, researchers need IoT-specific tools, methods, and datasets. To address the mentioned problem, we provide a framework for developing IoT context-aware security solutions to detect malicious traffic in IoT use cases. The proposed framework consists of a newly created, open-source IoT data generator tool named IoT-Flock. The IoT-Flock tool allows researchers to develop an IoT use-case comprised of both normal and malicious IoT devices and generate traffic. Additionally, the proposed framework provides an open-source utility for converting the captured traffic generated by IoT-Flock into an IoT dataset. Using the proposed framework in this research, we first generated an IoT healthcare dataset which comprises both normal and IoT attack traffic. Afterwards, we applied different machine learning techniques to the generated dataset to detect the cyber-attacks and protect the healthcare system from cyber-attacks. The proposed framework will help in developing the context-aware IoT security solutions, especially for a sensitive use case like IoT healthcare environment.
A Systematic Review of EMG Applications for the Characterization of Forearm and Hand Muscle Activity during Activities of Daily Living: Results, Challenges, and Open Issues
Authors: Jarque-Bou Néstor J. , Sancho-Bru Joaquín L. , Vergara Margarita
Published: April 2021

The role of the hand is crucial for the performance of activities of daily living, thereby ensuring a full and autonomous life. Its motion is controlled by a complex musculoskeletal system of approximately 38 muscles. Therefore, measuring and interpreting the muscle activation signals that drive hand motion is of great importance in many scientific domains, such as neuroscience, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, robotics, prosthetics, and biomechanics. Electromyography (EMG) can be used to carry out the neuromuscular characterization, but it is cumbersome because of the complexity of the musculoskeletal system of the forearm and hand. This paper reviews the main studies in which EMG has been applied to characterize the muscle activity of the forearm and hand during activities of daily living, with special attention to muscle synergies, which are thought to be used by the nervous system to simplify the control of the numerous muscles by actuating them in task-relevant subgroups. The state of the art of the current results are presented, which may help to guide and foster progress in many scientific domains. Furthermore, the most important challenges and open issues are identified in order to achieve a better understanding of human hand behavior, improve rehabilitation protocols, more intuitive control of prostheses, and more realistic biomechanical models.
A Landslide Monitoring System for Natural Terrain in Korea: Development and Application in Hazard Evaluations
Authors: Song Young-Suk , Chae Byung-Gon , Kim Kyeong-Su , Park Joon-Young , Oh Hyun-Joo , Jeong Sueng-Won
Published: April 2021

This study describes the development of a landslide monitoring system for the purpose of reducing damages caused by landslides in natural terrain. The system was developed to analyze the effects of landslide-inducing rainfall and the behavior of slopes through 12 monitoring stations that are distributed across eight national parks in Korea. Several sensors and a data acquisition equipment to monitor landslide were installed in each station. The composition of the system and its operating program were designed to efficiently manage the sizeable amounts of real-time monitoring data that are collected from the various stations. To test the potential of the developed system for reliable landslide hazard evaluations, data measured over a five-year period by the two monitoring stations in Jirisan National Park were analyzed. Subsequently, the suction stress of the soil over the monitoring period was calculated by applying laboratory test result of the geotechnical and unsaturated soil properties in the analysis domain area. The infinite slope stability analysis combined with an effective stress concept based on the suction stress was applied to calculate the factor of safety. This method also enabled the temporal and quantitative evaluation of slope stability in natural terrain. In addition, based on the monitoring and slope stability analysis results, an analysis for the spatial classification of landslide hazards was conducted. The analysis results quantitatively and statistically demonstrated that 98% of historical landslide initiation areas were classified as high hazard levels.
Tunneling Magnetoresistance DC Current Transformer for Ion Beam Diagnostics
Authors: Azab Eman , Hegazy Yasser G. , Reeg Hansjoerg , Schwickert Marcus , Hofmann Klaus
Published: April 2021

In this paper, open loop and closed loop Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) DC Current Transformers (DCCTs) for ion beam diagnostics are presented. The DCCTs employ MR sensors to measure the DC component of the accelerator’s ion beam. A comparative study between Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and TMR sensors is presented to illustrate the sensor selection criterion for the DCCT application. The two proposed DCCTs are studied in open and closed loop configurations. A closed loop feedback electronic system is designed to generate a feedback current equivalent to the ion beam current such that the sensor operates at zero flux. Furthermore, theoretical and experimental results for the TMR-based DCCT including noise analysis are presented for both open loop and closed loop configurations. Both configurations’ minimum detectable currents are in the range of microampere. The proposed closed loop hardware prototype has a settling time of less than 15 μs. The measured minimum detectable currents for the open and closed loop TMR-based DCCTs are 128.2 μA/Hz and 10.14 μA/Hz at 1 Hz, respectively.
WASH Financial and Social Investment Dynamics in a Conflict-Arid District of Jariban in Somalia
Authors: Mafuta Wonder , Zuwarimwe Jethro , Mwale Marizvikuru
Published: April 2021

The paper investigated the social and financial resources’ interface in WASH programmes for vulnerable communities. Nineteen villages were randomly selected from the Jariban district in Somalia using the random number generator based on the village list. Data was collected in a sequential methodology that started with transect walks to observe and record the WASH infrastructure. Thirty-eight focus group discussions and desktop reviews triangulated transact walk recordings. The findings indicate minimum to zero investments towards WASH infrastructure in Jariban from the state government, with more dependency on the donor community. The study revealed that resources for the construction of latrines and water sources come from the following sources, NGOs (54.3%), diaspora community (34.5%) and community contributions (11.2%). The findings revealed a backlog in the WASH infrastructure, resulting in low access to water supply and sanitation services. The results demonstrate limited resource allocation by both the government and community, affecting the WASH infrastructure’s sustainability and further development. Due to the backlog in investments, particularly on improved latrines, it is concluded that their usage is low and a hindrance to having access to sanitation, hygiene and water as per the SDG goals, of leaving no one behind. While investment towards WASH in Jariban demonstrates multiple potential sources, there is a need to strengthen domestic resource mobilisation and explore governments’ role and capacity to secure WASH infrastructure investments. It is also recommended to explore how to tax the remittances to fund WASH infrastructure development and the private sector’s role in WASH infrastructure investment.
Charging Behavior Analysis of New Energy Vehicles
Authors: Tan Zhongfu , Yang Ye , Wang Pinxi , Li Yilun
Published: April 2021

In recent years, new energy vehicles in Beijing have developed rapidly. This creates a huge demand for charging. It is a difficult problem to accurately identify the charging behavior of new energy vehicles and evaluate the use effect of social charging piles (CART piles) in Beijing. In response, this paper established the charging characteristics analysis model of new energy logistics vehicles based on the positioning data of new energy logistics vehicles. It also researched vehicle SOC and charging electricity and analyzed the utilization characteristics of charging facilities operation by using the operation data of charging facilities. Finally, this paper established the evaluation index system of regional charging facility layout to evaluate the construction level of charging facilities in each district.
Characteristics and Classification of Technology Sector Companies in Digital Health for Diabetes
Authors: Kikuchi Satoru , Kadama Kota , Sengoku Shintaro
Published: April 2021

In recent years, technological progress in smart devices and artificial intelligence has also led to advancements in digital health. Digital health tools are especially prevalent in diabetes treatment and improving lifestyle. In digital health’s innovation ecosystem, new alliance networks are formed not only by medical device companies and pharmaceutical companies but also by information and communications technology (ICT) companies and start-ups. Therefore, while focusing on digital health for diabetes, this study explored the characteristics of companies with high network centralities. Our analysis of the changes in degree, betweenness, and eigenvector centralities of the sample companies from 2011 to 2020 found drastic changes in the company rankings of those with high network centrality during this period. Accordingly, the following eight companies were identified and investigated as the top-ranking technology sector companies: IBM Watson Health, Glooko, DarioHealth, Welldoc, OneDrop, Fitbit, Voluntis, and Noom. Lastly, we characterized these cases into three business models: (i) intermediary model, (ii) substitute model, and (iii) direct-to-consumer model, and we analyzed their customer value.
Teaching during the Pandemic: A Comparison in Psychological Wellbeing among Smart Working Professions
Authors: Mari Emanuela , Lausi Giulia , Fraschetti Angelo , Pizzo Alessandra , Baldi Michela , Quaglieri Alessandro , Burrai Jessica , Barchielli Benedetta , Avallone Francesco , Giannini Anna Maria
Published: April 2021

Background: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, since March 2020, the Italian population was forced into lockdown to prevent the spread of the virus. The restrictive measures imposed forced many organizations and workers to work through online platforms and no longer in-person. Smart working, enjoyed by some workers for its flexibility, affected several professional categories. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in the psychological variables related to four groups of professional categories (practitioners, managers, executive employees, teachers), particularly the teachers group. Methods: A total sample of 628 individuals was recruited through a random probability sample across Italy. Due to the lockdown, an online questionnaire was developed; several validated scales were chosen, and some ad hoc constructed items related to the smart working experience were included. Results: The results showed statistically significant differences between the four groups of examined smart workers. Conclusions: All workers have had to readjust to this new way of working, but our results show that teachers were the most affected, both in the perception of their psychological well-being and in the management of the smart working mode.
Using Enterprise Architecture to Integrate Lean Manufacturing, Digitalization, and Sustainability: A Lean Enterprise Case Study in the Chemical Industry
Authors: Liao Ming-Hui , Wang Chi-Tai
Published: April 2021

The chemical industry has sustained the development of global economies by providing an astonishing variety of products and services, while also consuming massive amounts of raw materials and energy. Chemical firms are currently under tremendous pressure to become lean enterprises capable of executing not only traditional lean manufacturing practices but also emerging competing strategies of digitalization and sustainability. All of these are core competencies required for chemical firms to compete and thrive in future markets. Unfortunately, reports of successful transformation are so rare among chemical firms that acquiring the details of these cases would seem an almost impossible mission. The severe lack of knowledge about these business transformations thus provided a strong motivation for this research. Using The Open Group Architecture Framework, we performed an in-depth study on a real business transformation occurring at a major international chemical corporation, extracting the architecture framework possibly adopted by this firm to become a lean enterprise. This comprehensive case study resulted in two major contributions to the field of sustainable business transformation: (1) a custom lean enterprise architecture framework applicable to common chemical firms making a similar transformation, and (2) a lean enterprise model developed to assist chemical firms in comprehending the intricate and complicated dynamics between lean manufacturing, digitalization, and sustainability.
Influences of Spectral Power Distribution on Circadian Energy, Visual Comfort and Work Performance
Authors: Ngarambe Jack , Kim Inhan , Yun Geun Young
Published: April 2021

Spectral power distribution (SPD) is an essential element that has considerable implications on circadian energy and the perception of lit environments. The present study assessed the potential influences of SPD on energy consumption (i.e., considering circadian energy), visual comfort, work performance and mood. Two lighting conditions based on light-emitting diode (LED) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) were used as proxies for SPDs of different spectral content: dominant peak wavelength of 455 nm (LED) and 618 nm (OLED). Using measured photometric values, the circadian light (CL), melatonin suppression (MS), and circadian efficacy (CE) of the two lighting sources were estimated via a circadian-phototransduction model and compared. Additionally, twenty-six participants were asked to evaluate the said lit environments subjectively in terms of visual comfort and self-reported work performance. Regarding circadian lighting and the associated energy implications, the LED light source induced higher biological actions with relatively less energy than the OLED light source. For visual comfort, OLED lighting-based conditions were preferred to LED lighting-based conditions, while the opposite was true when considering work performance and mood. The current study adds to the on-going debate regarding human-centric lighting, particularly considering the role of SPD in energy-efficient and circadian lighting practices.
Contrasting Considerations among Agricultural Stakeholders in Japan on Sustainable Nitrogen Management
Authors: Ragkos Athanasios , Hayashi Kentaro , Serra João , Shibata Hideaki , Michalis Efstratios , Eguchi Sadao , Oita Azusa , Cordovil Claudia Marques-dos-Santos
Published: April 2021

Sustainable nitrogen (N) management in agriculture is one of the most important issues affecting the environmental performance of modern agriculture. It is actually well perceived that coordinated efforts and holistic approaches are required to regulate N use by farmers. The purpose of this study was to provide an initial examination of stakeholders’ views in Japan regarding N use in agriculture and challenges to increase its sustainability. The analysis was based on a questionnaire study of five types of stakeholders (farmers, advisors, researchers, suppliers, policy makers). By means of multivariate analysis techniques it was revealed that consensus was lacking either in the acknowledgment of the causes and effects of unsustainable N management or in the challenges that need to be addressed. N losses from farms and the effects of N use were perceived but not conceived equally by all stakeholders. Organic farming and mandatory measures were the most controversial challenges, while those involving awareness, training and advisory were the most popular. This study cannot provide safe conclusions that can be generalized in the Japanese context, but it indicates domains where further research is required and orientations for future policy design towards more sustainable N use.
Local and Application-Specific Geodemographics for Data-Led Urban Decision Making
Authors: Otley Amanda , Morris Michelle , Newing Andy , Birkin Mark
Published: April 2021

This work seeks to introduce improvements to the traditional variable selection procedures employed in the development of geodemographic classifications. It presents a proposal for shifting from a traditional approach for generating general-purpose one-size-fits-all geodemographic classifications to application-specific classifications. This proposal addresses the recent scepticism towards the utility of general-purpose applications by employing supervised machine learning techniques in order to identify contextually relevant input variables from which to develop geodemographic classifications with increased discriminatory power. A framework introducing such techniques in the variable selection phase of geodemographic classification development is presented via a practical use-case that is focused on generating a geodemographic classification with an increased capacity for discriminating the propensity for Library use in the UK city of Leeds. Two local classifications are generated for the city, one a general-purpose classification, and the other, an application-specific classification incorporating supervised Feature Selection methods in the selection of input variables. The discriminatory power of each classification is evaluated and compared, with the result successfully demonstrating the capacity for the application-specific approach to generate a more contextually relevant result, and thus underpins increasingly targeted public policy decision making, particularly in the context of urban planning.
Port Governance and Cruise Tourism
Authors: Vega-Muñoz Alejandro , Salazar-Sepúlveda Guido , Contreras-Barraza Nicolás , Araya-Silva Lorena
Published: April 2021

Cruise activities, until 2020, have presented a significant increase in revenue, as well as number of cruises and passengers transported, and it has become a challenge for ports to respond to this demand for services. In response to this, the world’s ports have implemented different governance models. In this context, in this paper, we aim to review the different governance models, as well as port cooperation, competition, and stakeholders. For this purpose, using science metric meta-analysis, an article set is extracted that strictly refers to the governance model of two databases integrated into the Core Collection Web of Science, whose selection process is polished with the PRISMA guidelines, establishing the eligibility criteria of studies using PICOS tool, to which a qualitative meta-analysis is applied. A limited studies set is identified, that includes governance model implementations, private strategies and internalization patterns in the port sector and cruise ships, patterns of port cooperation and governance, governance models in cruise ports, structures and strategies, and changes in the cruise market. Finally, various governance model forms are determined, all documented in the scientific research worldwide, discussing the various components of study topics.
Extension Agents’ Perceptions of the Role of Extension Services in Organic Agriculture: A Case Study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Bader Alhafi , Yoder Edgar , Kassem Hazem S.
Published: April 2021

Extension services (ES) play a crucial role in addressing the various needs of organic farmers and little is known about the extension agents’ (EA’s) perceptions of organic agriculture and the role of ES in organic agriculture. This study investigated EA’s perceptions of the role of ES in organic agriculture. Data were collected via a questionnaire, which was sent electronically to all enlisted extension agents in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. In total, 69 extension agents completed the questionnaire, representing a 54% response rate. Overall, extension agents had slightly positive attitudes toward organic farming but were unsure about their role and participation in this. Furthermore, their perceptions of the role of ES in organic agriculture significantly varied according to their age, work experience in organic agriculture, and education level. These findings have implications for the design of future training programs for the professional development of extension agents and will enable planners, policy makers, and related ministries to devise viable and workable policies and plans that truly reflect the concerns and challenges of extension agents and consider the skills of extension agents that need to be improved. This research will also have positive implications for the national organic agriculture policy, as it provides research-based information on the actual players in the farming systems of Saudi Arabia.
Whole-Body [18F]-Fluoride PET SUV Imaging to Monitor Response to Dasatinib Therapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases: Secondary Results from ACRIN 6687
Authors: Muzi Mark , O’Sullivan Finbarr , Perk Timothy G. , Muzi John P. , Mankoff David A. , Jeraj Robert , Duan Fenghai , Yu Evan Y.
Published: April 2021

ACRIN 6687, a multi-center clinical trial evaluating differential response of bone metastases to dasatinib in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), used [18F]-fluoride (NaF) PET imaging. We extend previous ACRIN 6687 dynamic imaging results by examining NaF whole-body (WB) static SUV PET scans acquired after dynamic scanning. Eighteen patients underwent WB NaF imaging prior to and 12 weeks into dasatinib treatment. Regional VOI analysis of the most NaF avid bone metastases and an automated whole-body method using Quantitative Total Bone Imaging software (QTBI; AIQ Solutions, Inc., Madison, WI, USA) were used. We assessed differences in tumor and normal bone, between pre- and on-treatment dasatinib, and evaluated parameters in association with PFS and OS. Significant decrease in average SUVmax and average SUVpeak occurred in response to dasatinib. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed NaF uptake had significant association with PFS. Pharmacodynamic changes with dasatinib in tumor bone can be identified by WB NaF PET in men with mCRPC. WB PET has the benefit of examining the entire body and is less complicated than single FOV dynamic imaging.
Shiga Toxin-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: Specificities of Adult Patients and Implications for Critical Care Management
Authors: Travert Benoit , Rafat Cédric , Mariani Patricia , Cointe Aurélie , Dossier Antoine , Coppo Paul , Joseph Adrien
Published: April 2021

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to an infection by an enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Historically considered a pediatric disease, its presentation has been described as typical, with bloody diarrhea at the forefront. However, in adults, the clinical presentation is more diverse and makes the early diagnosis hazardous. In this review, we review the epidemiology, most important outbreaks, physiopathology, clinical presentation and prognosis of STEC-HUS, focusing on the differential features between pediatric and adult disease. We show that the clinical presentation of STEC-HUS in adults is far from typical and marked by the prevalence of neurological symptoms and a poorer prognosis. Of note, we highlight knowledge gaps and the need for studies dedicated to adult patients. The differences between pediatric and adult patients have implications for the treatment of this disease, which remains a public health threat and lack a specific treatment.
Special Issue: Evolutionary Ecology of Venom
Authors: Arbuckle Kevin
Published: April 2021

This Special Issue of Toxins aims to increase the profile and understanding of how ecology shapes the evolution of venom systems, and also how venom influences the ecological attributes of and interactions among species [...]
Proteomic Changes during the Dermal Toxicity Induced by Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish Venom in HaCaT Human Keratinocyte
Authors: Choudhary Indu , Hwang Duhyeon , Chae Jinho , Yoon Wonduk , Kang Changkeun , Kim Euikyung
Published: April 2021

Jellyfish venom is well known for its local skin toxicities and various lethal accidents. The main symptoms of local jellyfish envenomation include skin lesions, burning, prickling, stinging pain, red, brown, or purplish tracks on the skin, itching, and swelling, leading to dermonecrosis and scar formation. However, the molecular mechanism behind the action of jellyfish venom on human skin cells is rarely understood. In the present study, we have treated the human HaCaT keratinocyte with Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV) to study detailed mechanisms of actions behind the skin symptoms after jellyfish envenomation. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS), cellular changes at proteome level were examined. The treatment of NnV resulted in the decrease of HaCaT cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Using NnV (at IC50), the proteome level alterations were determined at 12 h and 24 h after the venom treatment. Briefly, 70 protein spots with significant quantitative changes were picked from the gels for MALDI-TOF/MS. In total, 44 differentially abundant proteins were successfully identified, among which 19 proteins were increased, whereas 25 proteins were decreased in the abundance levels comparing with their respective control spots. DAPs involved in cell survival and development (e.g., Plasminogen, Vinculin, EMILIN-1, Basonuclin2, Focal adhesion kinase 1, FAM83B, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1-alpha) decreased their expression, whereas stress or immune response-related proteins (e.g., Toll-like receptor 4, Aminopeptidase N, MKL/Myocardin-like protein 1, hypoxia up-regulated protein 1, Heat shock protein 105 kDa, Ephrin type-A receptor 1, with some protease (or peptidase) enzymes) were up-regulated. In conclusion, the present findings may exhibit some possible key players during skin damage and suggest therapeutic strategies for preventing jellyfish envenomation.
Methodical features of calculating per capita funding in Russia’s healthcare
Authors: Sobolev Konstantin Eduardovich , Shchukova Anna , Pirogov Mikhail Vasilyevich
Published: April 2021

The article proposes and substantiated the main methodological approaches for the formation of per capita funding standards for medical organizations providing primary health care to the population. The basis of this methodology is to assess the objective demand of the population for medical care and determine the value of this assistance using disease groups. In order to improve the effectiveness of fund-holding with per capita financing, a methodology for assessing clinical and financial risks for different groups of diseases has been proposed.
PATRIMONIAL FAMILIAR. RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Alvarado-Avendaño Liliana Del Carmen
Published: April 2021

El Patrimonio Familiar debe ser definido como el conjunto de derechos y obligaciones que, constituyendo una unidad jurídica y económica, destinada a la satisfacción de los deberes derechos de contenido pecuniario, derivados de la convivencia familiar y, en su caso, a garantizar el cumplimiento de éstos, independientemente de la causa generadora del beneficiario grupo social primario, que bien puede ser el matrimonio, el concubinato, la procreación o la adopción. En consecuencia, varía su naturaleza jurídica, adquiriendo las características propias de lo que la doctrina moderna denomina patrimonio afectación, ampliándose, por ende, la oportunidad de destinar otro tipo de bienes al fin que nos ocupe, superando así la tradicional posibilidad de afectar únicamente la casa habitación y una parcela cultivable, debiéndose incluir todo tipo de derechos y bienes valorables en dinero o susceptibles de este tipo de valoración.
ALGORITHMIZATION ISSUES OF EXPERTS’ METHODOLOGIES
Authors: Leonov B. , Serogin V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the development of methodological support for forensic expert activity. Based on the analysis of previous scientific studies, the directions of improving expert methods and evaluating its effectiveness are proposed.
In the context of the methodology of scientific knowledge, the authors analyzes promising directions for improving expert techniques through standardization and algorithmization, based on the methods of formalizing scientific research.
The article substantiates the basics of the formation of algorithms of specific expert methods, as well as an example of constructing an algorithm for solving typical problems during the forensic examination of special technical means that are used for receiving of the information not officially.
Based on the results of the analysis of the foundations of the formation of algorithms and the principles of their construction, the introduction of algorithms of expert methodologies is proposed, which allows improving the expert method at the stage of its development.
IMPROVEMENT OF FORENSIC AND EXPERT ACTIVITIES OF THE BODIES OF THE SYSTEM OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Zherebko O.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the features of the organizational provisions of forensic and expert activity of the bodies of the system of the Ministry Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the patterns associated with the appointment of a forensic examination, its conduct and the activities of the forensic departments of the bodies of the system the Ministry Internal Affairs. It is also developed recommendations for improving the forensic expert activity.
Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the ways to improve forensic examination should be:
– increasing the level of technical and forensic support for the disclosure, investigation and prevention of crimes;
– implementation of measures to increase the effectiveness of the participation of employees of expert services in the conduct of investigative actions and law enforcement intelligence operations;
– improvement of research activities and the introduction into practice of new technical and forensic tools, forensic expert methods and methodologies;
– conducting forensic records, analytical and organizational work based on the introduction of modern automated systems and technologies;
– generalization and dissemination of best practices and analysis of expert practice;
– improving the selection, training and placement of employees of expert subdivisions, strengthening of service and performance discipline;
– intensification of interaction between the expert service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs with other divisions of the bodies of the system of the Ministry Internal Affairs, as well as with other law enforcement agencies, including at the interstate level.
REQUIREMENTS FOR TESTING EQUIPMENT, TESTING METHODOLOGY AND METROLOGICAL TRACEABILITY: REGULATORY AND NORMATIVE SUPPORT
Authors: Smernnytskyi D. , Samus Y. , Biliaieva O. , Romanova T.
Published: April 2021

In order to obtain reliable measurement results during the conformity assessment of products in the testing laboratory, it is important to provide metrological confirmation of the used measuring equipment. When performing measurements according to the appropriate methodology, it is important to comply clearly with the requirements for measuring equipment, conditions, sequence of measurement operations, the qualifications of specialists.
Research article considers the general requirements for testing equipment and measurement methodology in accordance with the national standard DSTU ISO / IEC 17025: 2017.Several requirements to the equipment and methodology of confirming their suitability by calibration and verification are analyzed. For accredited laboratories the calibration of measuring equipment, that affects the reliability of obtained results, is mandatory; testing equipment that does not perform measuring functions, must be checked for the compliance with the technical characteristics set out in the testing methods. The requirements for measurement methodology and methods of their suitability confirming through verification and validation are analyzed. The main risks of testing laboratories in the performance of measurements have been identified.
THE ISSUE OF VARIANCE IN TRANSLATION OF TERMS IN THE FIELD OF CRIMINALISTICS AND FORENSIC EXAMINATION
Authors: Kryvak T.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the features of translation of terms in the field of criminalistics and forensic examination and the issue of variance that arises in the process of translation.
It is noted that variance in the translation of terms in the field of criminalistics and forensic examination is both a positive and a negative phenomenon. However, the emergence of variance, as practice shows, is a prerequisite for the acquisition of an exact and unambiguous equivalent in language, depending on the context. The article indicates that the translation of terminology in the field of criminalistics is of particular interest, since the language of law, as a language of professional communication, has a vivid national specificity, due to the legal realities of national legal systems. Therefore, in the case of translations from English into Ukrainian and from Ukrainian into English, one should take into account the difference between the common law system, which is applied in English-speaking countries, and the civil law system, which also includes the Ukrainian legal system.
The lexical transformations that are used when translating terms are analyzed and the need to achieve the effect of meaningful and contextual identity when translating terms is determined. It is concluded that as criminalistics and forensic examination develop, there is a rethinking and transformation of existing terminological units. Moreover, international cooperation has a beneficial effect on the work of not only terminologists, but also criminologists and forensic experts, since the unification of terminology facilitates communication between specialists. Terminology serves as the basic conceptual apparatus for any field of knowledge, and forensic science is no exception.
FORENSICS CHARACTERISTICS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE CRIME INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY
Authors: Lukianchykov Е. , Lukianchykov B. , Petriaiev S.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problematic issues of the forensics characteristics of crimes as a scientific category of forensic science and tools of cognitive activity in the disclosure and investigation of crimes. Attention is drawn to the fact that the modern stage of development of society is characterized not only by quantitative, but also by qualitative changes in the state of crime. New types of crimes are appearing and traditional methods of their commission and concealment are being improved using the achievements of scientific and technological progress. Significant parts of the crimes remain unsolved, and the persons who committed them are not punished. Law enforcement agencies are faced with the task of quickly disclosing them and protecting the violated rights of victims. Science, primarily forensic science, is called upon to provide assistance in solving such problems.
In the historical aspect, the development of the theory of forensic methodology, determining its place in the system of forensic science is considered. It is noted that it is advisable to consider the forensic methodology both as a branch of science, and as a system of knowledge about the technology of investigating crimes, and the technology itself, a kind of algorithm for investigating crimes, which is implemented in the practical activities of investigators, detectives, prosecutors.
Attention is drawn to the fact that since the mid-80s of the last century, the concept of criminalistics characteristics of crimes has entered the scientific circulation. Its correlation with the subject of proof and the opinions of scientists and practitioners about the place of forensic characteristics in the structure of private methods of investigation of certain types of crimes are analyzed. Based on the analysis, the author substantiates the conclusion that the forensic characterization of crimes should be considered as a structural element of a private investigation methodology and the basis for the development of such methods. Attention is drawn to the mandatory study of the correlation dependences between its elements, which can serve as a key to disclosing a specific crime.
GUARANTEES OF PROVIDING NON-INTERFERENCE IN PERSONAL AND FAMILY LIFE DURING APPEAL AND CASSATION PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Halahan V. , Udovenko Zh.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to issues related to the filing of appeals and cassation complaints, as well as additional materials attached to them in the preparation of judicial consideration at the stages of appeal and cassation proceedings. The peculiarity of using these materials is that they may contain confidential information related to the circumstances of personal and family life, which is not subject to disclosure. There are currently no warnings regarding their use in the legislation, in connection with which amendments and additions to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, aimed at legislative regulation of this issue, have been proposed and justified.
The mechanism of ensuring the rights and freedoms of the individual in the aspect of implementing the norms of international legal documents in the field of criminal proceedings and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights has been analyzed. On examples from the judicial practise of considering materials of criminal proceedings, the specifics of ensuring non-interference in personal and family life in the courts of appeal and cassation are shown. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the functioning of these courts, their role in identifying injustices and making legal and well-founded court decisions aimed at ensuring non-interference in the personal and private life of citizens as a principle of criminal proceedings.
Keywords: criminal proceedings, court proceedings, appeal proceedings, cassation proceedings, principles of criminal proceedings, personal and family life, procedural guarantees.
Currículo de autores
Authors: José German Salinas Gamboa
Published: April 2021

En esta sección se presenta una breve descripción curricular de cada uno de los autores que publicaron artículos en el primer número de la revista Reba.
pássaro rebelde
Authors: Wisniewski Dias Jéssica , De Carvalho Castro Tatiana
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho procura trazer uma análise de dois momentos do texto da ópera Carmen (G. Bizet) para evidenciar como a personagem principal, que leva o nome da obra, foi um instrumento de recepção de violências simbólica e física, fundamentando-se nos Estudos de Gênero. Carmen é um produto do imaginário e do cotidiano do século XIX qual, dentro de sua totalidade, diz muito sobre a sociedade que a produziu. Contudo, como mecanismo de representação cultural, é possível hoje ressignificar a obra, de forma que esta possa dialogar e contribuir com os Estudos de Gênero, servindo como meio de mapear as formas de violência sofridas por mulheres, assim como compreender de que maneira essas representações perpassaram o século XX, até chegar nos dias atuais.
Clinical Priority Setting and Decision-Making in Sweden: A Cross-sectional Survey Among Physicians
Authors: Drees Catharina , Krevers Barbro , Ekerstad Niklas , Rogge Annette , Borzikowsky Christoph , McLennan Stuart , Buyx Alena M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Priority setting in healthcare that aims to achieve a fair and efficient allocation of limited resources is a worldwide challenge. Sweden has developed a sophisticated approach. Still, there is a need for a more detailed insight on how measures permeate clinical life. This study aimed to assess physicians’ views regarding (1) impact of scarce resources on patient care, (2) clinical decision-making, and (3) the ethical platform and national guidelines for healthcare by the National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW). Methods: An online cross-sectional questionnaire was sent to two groups in Sweden, 2016 and 2017. Group 1 represented 331 physicians from different departments at one University hospital and group 2 consisted of 923 members of the Society of Cardiology. Results: Overall, a 26% (328/1254) response rate was achieved, 49% in group 1 (162/331), 18% in group 2 (166/923). Scarcity of resources was perceived by 59% more often than ‘at least once per month,’ whilst 60% felt less than ‘well-prepared’ to address this issue. Guidelines in general had a lot of influence and 19% perceived them as limiting decision-making. 86% professed to be mostly independent in decision-making. 36% knew the ethical platform ‘well’ and ‘very well’ and 64% NBHW’s national guidelines. 57% expressed a wish for further knowledge and training regarding the ethical platform and 51% for support in applying NBHW’s national guidelines. Conclusion: There was a need for more support to deal with scarcity of resources and for increased knowledge about the ethical platform and NBHW’s national guidelines. Independence in clinical decision-making was perceived as high and guidelines in general as important. Priority setting as one potential pathway to fair and transparent decision-making should be highlighted more in Swedish clinical settings, with special emphasis on the ethical platform.
P. Singaram: Tamil’s First Diaspora Novelist
Authors: Murugesapandian N
Published: April 2021

Immigration is the basis for redefining the homeland. Nostalgia for the homeland, inherent in everyone, creates a state of comparison in the diaspora. In contrast to the native country, and the country of refuge. The detection of cultural differences continues. The experiences that immigrants record in their memories are shaped as Creative works. Initially the stories of the expatriate Tamils recorded as folk songs. And then formed into stories. Substantial numbers of Tamils migrated to the South East, but no novels were writtenin the early period. Both novels Kadalukkuappaal (1959) and PuyalileoruDhoni (1972) were written by novelist P. Singaram record the lives of immigrants. The novel Kadalukkuappaal is considered to be the first diaspora novel in Tamil. Experiences narrated by P. Singaram through the myth of how human searches are spread across two different lands, Tamil Nadu and South East Asia, lead to an endless world through reading. The absurdity of never-ending human existence makes everything subject to endless debate. Both novels, Kadalukkuappaaland Puyalileoru Dhoni, by P. Singaram, have documented the lives of expatriate Tamils internationally. They are also micro-inquiries into the lives of Tamils in the Diaspora.
Kurunthogai Leader and Sigmund Freud’s Theory
Authors: Shobana H , Salini L
Published: April 2021

All the ancient Tamil poets of the ancient time were intrigued by the nature of the world without compromising on it. They were amazed at the beauty of the world. Instead of distorting the nature of the world in a way that suited their mental state, they enjoyed expanding and explaining their memory to suit their knowledge through the beauty of the worldly nature. Thus it is the Sangam literatures that add pride to Tamil literature. One of those descriptions is that the hero of Kurunthogai and it explains his feelings. The mental unity of the lovers is the lifeblood of the Agathinai. If the stolen norm of stolen lovers is marriage, it is called morality. (C. Maheswari, Society in Paripathal, pp. 4, 5). Thus, this review article reveals how songs that highlight the leader’s psychology have been incorporated and explored into the psychological theory of psychologist Sigmund Freud.
Imagine the Effect
Authors: Kasthuri C
Published: April 2021

Many literatures have appeared and developed from the Sangam period to the present. In general, all of these descriptions have commonalities and their own distinctive features. These distinctive features make it possible to view literature as a separate genre. Some objected to this classifi cation. But many voiced support.
Number of reply comments (User Comments/Interactions)
Authors: Naab Teresa K. , Küchler Constanze
Published: April 2021

The variable ‘number of reply comments’ is an indicator of interactivity in online discussions. The number of reply comments is a simple measure of how much response a user comment has received. It is applicable if platforms that host comment sections offer the technical possibility to users to respond directly to existing user comments. The reply comments (also called ‘sub-level comments’ or ‘child comments’) then usually appear indented below the existing user comment they refer to (also called ‘top-level comment’ or ‘parent comment’).
The measure does not provide information about the quality of the interaction between the commenters. It neither covers interactivity that occurs “outside” of comment threads below top-level comments, i.e. commenters responding in new top-level comments instead of sub-level comments.
Field of application/theoretical foundation:
Normative approaches to discourse ethics (e.g. Habermas, 1992) evaluate interactivity as a prerequisite for high-quality discourses.
Example studies:

Medium

Measure

Unit of analysis

Studies

Online; online discussions below news posts

Number of reply comments (sub-level comments) to a top-level comment

Individual user comments

Naab & Küchler (work in progress)

 
Info about variables
Variable name/definition: Anzahl der Antwortkommentare auf einen Nutzerkommentar
Operationalization/coding instructions: Manuell: Zählen Sie die Kind-Kommentare (Antwortkommentare, Second-Level-Kommentare), die zu einem Eltern-Kommentar (Top-Level-Kommentar) verfasst wurden und tragen die Anzahl ein.
Automatisiert: Sofern ein Datensatz alle Nutzerkommentare eines Kommentarthreads, Informationen über das Eltern- bzw. Kind-Level jedes Kommentars sowie eine Zuordnung aller Kind-Kommentare zu einem Eltern-Kommentar enthält, ist es möglich, die Anzahl der Kind-Kommentare für jeden Eltern-Kommentar per Auswertungssoftware zu aggregieren.
Level of analysis: Kommentarthread (Eltern-Kommentar + alle zugehörigen Kind-Kommentare/Antwortkommentare)
 
References
Naab, T.K. & Küchler, C. (work in progress). Unveröffentlichtes Codebuch aus dem DFG-Projekt „Gegenseitige Sanktionierung unter NutzerInnen von Kommentarbereichen auf Nachrichtenwebseiten und auf Facebook“. Augsburg.
Habermas, J. (1992). Faktizität und Geltung: Beiträge zur Diskurstheorie des Rechts und des demokratischen Rechtsstaates. Suhrkamp.