bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Genotype-Phenotype Model for Predicting Resistance Training Effects
on Leg Press Performance
Authors: Mei Tao , Li Yanchun , Li Xiaoxia , Yang Xiaolin , Li Liang , Yan Xu , He Zi-hong
Published: December 2023

This study develops a comprehensive genotype-phenotype model for predicting the
effects of resistance training on leg press performance. A cohort of physically
inactive adults (N=193) underwent 12 weeks of resistance training, and
measurements of maximum isokinetic leg press peak force, muscle mass, and
thickness were taken before and after the intervention. Whole-genome genotyping
was performed, and genome-wide association analysis identified 85 novel SNPs
significantly associated with changes in leg press strength after training. A
prediction model was constructed using stepwise linear regression, incorporating
seven lead SNPs that explained 40.4% of the training effect variance.
The polygenic score showed a significant positive correlation with changes in
leg press strength. By integrating genomic markers and phenotypic indicators,
the comprehensive prediction model explained 75.4% of the variance in
the training effect. Additionally, five SNPs were found to potentially impact
muscle contraction, metabolism, growth, and development through their
association with REACTOME pathways. Individual responses to resistance training
varied, with changes in leg press strength ranging from −55.83%
to 151.20%. The study highlights the importance of genetic factors in
predicting training outcomes and provides insights into the potential biological
functions underlying resistance training effects. The comprehensive model offers
valuable guidance for personalized fitness programs based on individual genetic
profiles and phenotypic characteristics.
Fluid forces on a closing book
Authors: Lange Katherine De
Published: December 2023

The example of a closing book is an ideal, simple experiment for teaching the added mass force
Development of a compact helicon plasma source with two sets of ring array permanent magnets for the study of blue core plasma
Authors: Xia Ying , Yang Xin , Chang Lei , Zhou Hua , Zhang Jin-Heng , Jing Dong , Xu Qian , Niu Guo-Jian , Zhou Hai-Shan , Luo Guang-Nan
Published: December 2023

A compact helicon plasma source for the study of helicon plasma, especially for the study of blue core plasma, is designed and developed with permanent magnets (PMs). The structure of the PMs consists of two sets of ring array magnets with opposite magnetization. This structure can provide a higher magnetic field with fewer PMs, which is helpful for controlling the device’s mass. A quartz tube with 50 cm in length, 5 cm in outer diameter, and 0.3 cm in thickness is used. Argon helicon plasma is produced at ∼38 sccm (3.4 Pa inlet chamber and 0.122 Pa diffusion chamber) by a radio frequency (RF) power of ∼13.56 MHz using a helical antenna under a high magnetic field (∼1600 G). Preliminary results measured by the Langmuir probe, photomultiplier tube (PMT), CCD, and Hall coil are applied to characterize the helicon plasma in this source, such as the mode transition and the formation of the blue core with the RF power variation. The device generates the blue core (W mode) plasma at a lower power of about 200 W, and the energy coupling efficiency is as high as 65%.
A high sensitivity cross-capacitive sensor for water droplets and bubble detection in hydraulic oil
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Yu , Wang Xin , Zheng Yiwen , Zhang Hongpeng , Zhang Cunyou , Zheng Wenbo
Published: December 2023

The presence of moisture and air in hydraulic oil will seriously affect the reliability of machines. This paper proposes a new cross-capacitive oil pollution detection sensor, which is based on the Thompson and Lampard theorem. The sensing unit consists of four identical copper electrodes with infinitesimally small gaps. The sensor can effectively distinguish water droplets and air bubble pollutants mixed in the oil through the pulse direction of the signal. Compared with traditional capacitive sensors, the sensor has a significant improvement in detection accuracy and detection throughput. In this paper, the relationship between the cross-capacitance value with the dielectric constant and the frequency in an alternating electric field was deduced, and the best excitation frequency was chosen as 1.9 MHz. Experiments show that the sensor can effectively detect water droplets of 140–160 µm and bubbles of 170–190 µm and has good linearity for detecting water droplets and air bubbles of different sizes. The sensor provides a new method for machine condition monitoring of hydraulic systems.
High-fidelity numerical investigation of a real gas annular cascade with experimental validation
Authors: Giauque Alexis , Schuster Dominik , Corre Christophe
Published: December 2023

This study aims at investigating real gas flow in the complex geometry of the Cambridge University annular turbine cascade using numerical simulations. The objectives include validating the numerical approach and understanding the loss mechanisms in this configuration. The numerical results are compared to experimental measurements obtained at various locations in the domain. Two turbulence modeling techniques, large Eddy simulation (LES) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS), are employed to assess the influence of turbulence models and inlet turbulence levels. The results show good agreement between numerical simulations and experimental measurements in regions upstream of the trailing edge. However, discrepancies arise in the transition region of the suction side boundary layer, and RANS results are influenced by the choice of turbulence injection. In the wake of the blade, both RANS and LES accurately predict the stagnation pressure ratio, with some slight differences in shock positions and total pressure levels. The analysis reveals that large vortical structures at the hub contribute significantly to the overall losses in this annular configuration. The study quantifies losses due to boundary layers, the wake, and vortical structures using a loss coefficient, with RANS and LES producing slightly different results. These differences, while calling for further experimental measurements, also hint at the possible inaccuracy of the present turbulence models in the context of real gas flows for which a dedicated modeling effort is required.
Scattering of water waves by multiple segmented concentric semi-closed breakwaters and an interior cylinder: An analytical approach
Authors: Miao Jianming , Guo Zhiqun , Zhai Zhenfeng
Published: December 2023

This study aims to provide a theoretical analytical model for the design of breakwaters like Palm Jumeirah breakwater in Dubai by investigating the hydrodynamic characteristics of segmental semi-enclosed breakwaters simplified from it. An analytical solution to the interaction of water waves and a cylinder and multiple concentric segmented arc-shaped breakwaters has been developed based on linear potential theory. The eigenfunction matching method and separation of variables have been applied to expand the unknown function in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. By considering the boundary conditions, the integral equation has been simplified into a set of algebraic equations, which are then solved to determine the unknown function. The accuracy of the model has been confirmed by comparing the results with those in previous articles. The numerical analysis has revealed the relationship between variations in the hydrodynamic loads, wave elevation of the cylinder, and factors including the gap width between the arcs, opening angle, wave incidence angle, and porous-effect coefficient. The results indicate that segmented breakwaters offer better protection to the internal structure than unsegmented breakwaters. Moreover, segmented breakwaters with smaller gaps are less sensitive to diagonal waves and the gap can serve as a navigational channel, which is an extra benefit.
Hardness and superconductivity in tetragonal LiB4 and NaB4
Authors: Wang Qianyi , Li Honggang , Wei Jiahui , Zhong Ting , Zhu Li , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Hanyu , Zhang Shoutao
Published: December 2023

Boron-based compounds have triggered substantial attention due to their multifunctional properties, incorporating excellent hardness and superconductivity. While tetragonal metal borides LiB4 and NaB4 with BaAl4-type structure and striking clathrate boron motif have been induced under compression, there is still a lack of deep understanding of their potential properties at ambient pressure. We herein conduct a comprehensive study on I4/mmm-structured LiB4 and NaB4 under ambient pressure via first-principles calculations. Remarkably, both LiB4 and NaB4 are found to possess high Vickers hardness of 39 GPa, which is ascribed to the robust boron framework with strong covalency. Furthermore, their high hardness values together with distinguished stability make them highly potential superhard materials. Meanwhile, electron–phonon coupling analysis reveals that both LiB4 and NaB4 are conventional phonon-mediated superconductors, with critical temperatures of 6 and 8 K at 1 atmosphere pressure (atm), respectively, mainly arising from the coupling of B 2p electronic states and the low-frequency phonon modes associated with Li-, Na-, and B-derived vibrations. This work provides valuable insights into the mechanical and superconducting behaviors of metal borides and will boost further studies of emergent borides with multiple functionalities.
Magnetic and magnetoresistive characterization of a top-pinned spin-valve with a multilayer with perpendicular-to-plane anisotropy deposited on top
Authors: Ferhat Zahia , Rivelles Alejandro , Abuín Manuel , Guedas Rodrigo , Prieto José L.
Published: December 2023

In this work, we have performed a first-order reversal curve study of the magnetization process of a top-pinned spin valve when a Pt/Co multilayer with perpendicular to plane anisotropy is deposited on top of the structure, near the pinned layer. We find that the magnetostatic interaction with the Pt/Co multilayer largely alters the magnetization process of both the pinned and the free layer of the spin valve, giving their magnetization a perpendicular-to-plane component, although some areas remain pinned in the plane. With this complex multilayer set, we fabricated nanostrips using a patterned Pt/Co multilayer on top of the spin valve as a pinning point for the magnetic domain wall traveling through the free layer. The Pt/Co feature on top of the spin valve strip pins the domain wall, although only in the return branch of the free layer magnetoresistance loop. The transport measurements show that the associated depinning field of the Pt/Co pinning feature is relatively weak. Nevertheless, the strong influence of the Pt/Co multilayer on the spin valve, visible in the magnetic characterization, indicates that this type of pinning defect may well be a good alternative in some spintronic devices, where the application requires adjusting the pinning strength of the local defects.
Experiences of supporting adults with literacy gaps
Authors: Blake Sebastian J.
Published: December 2023

This paper uses a thematic narrative analysis approach to explore the experiences of individuals who support those
living with literacy gaps in Australia. Themes of collective shame and responsibility surrounding adult literacy gaps, as well as
the communicative expertise and critical reflexivity developed by supporters in their roles, are prominent in their narratives. As
part of a more extensive study that also explored the experiences of people living with literacy gaps, the findings of this paper
highlight the need for more research into this area, particularly underscoring the importance of including first-hand accounts
from those directly impacted by literacy gaps and recognizing adult literacy supporters as a unique population.
Machine learning-assisted inverse design of wide-bandgap acoustic topological devices
Authors: Li Xinxin , Qin Yao , He Guangchen , Lian Feiyu , Zuo Shuyu , Cai Chengxin
Published: December 2023

The topological simulation of acoustic waves has induced unconventional propagation characteristics, thereby offering extensive application potential in the field of acoustics. In this paper, we propose a machine learning-assisted method for the inverse design of acoustic wave topological edge states and demonstrate its practical applicability. Leveraging the predictions from a trained artificial neural network algorithm, the design of wide-bandwidth topological insulators is achieved, with simulation results indicating an approximately 2.8-fold enlargement of the single-cell topological bandgap. Further investigation into their wide-bandwidth topological transport properties is conducted. Additionally, two distinct functional acoustic routing devices are devised. Superior performance of the wide-bandwidth acoustic topological devices has been verified through simulation experiments. This approach provides an efficient and viable avenue for the design and optimization of acoustic devices, with the potential to enhance the management and control efficiency of acoustic signal propagation.
Automatic non-contact grinding surface roughness measurement based on multi-focused sequence images and CNN
Authors: Shi Yupeng , Li Bing , Li Lei , Liu Tongkun , Du Xiao , Wei Xiang
Published: December 2023

Microscopic images of surfaces can be used for non-contact roughness measurement by visual methods. However, the images are usually acquired manually and need to be as sharp as possible, which limits the general application of the method. This manuscript provides an automatic roughness measurement method that can apply to automatic industrial sites. This method first automatically acquires the sharpest image and then feeds the image into a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for roughness measurement. In this method, the weighted window enhanced sharpness evaluation algorithm based on the sharpness evaluation function is proposed to automatically extract the sharpest image. Then, a CNN model, CFEN, suitable for the roughness measurement task was designed and pre-trained. The results demonstrate that the measurement accuracy of the method reaches 91.25% and the time is within a few seconds. It is proved that the method has high accuracy and efficiency and is feasible in practical applications.
A novel error model for the line scan imaging system
Authors: Chen Xiangling , Qiu Zhongjun , Fan Haipeng
Published: December 2023

The factors influencing the accuracy of the line scan imaging system (LSIS) are highly complex, and their error propagation mechanisms are poorly clarified. To reasonably and effectively mitigate the impact of mechanical factors on imaging accuracy, a novel comprehensive error model for LSIS is proposed in this paper, revealing the relationship between imaging errors and various mechanical error sources from manufacturing, assembly, and movement. Based on the analysis of the generation and propagation relationship of mechanical errors in LSIS, the integration of the mechanical system and the imaging system is accomplished to form a comprehensive multibody system, thus establishing a complete linear transmission mechanism for mechanical errors in the imaging process within the model. The experiments demonstrate that this model can provide a reference for the localization of mechanical error sources by utilizing the changes in extrinsic parameters during the calibration process. Furthermore, when the sensitivities of error sources are not exceptionally low, and certain cases with systematic errors are excluded, the model can make accurate estimations of the sensitivities of imaging errors to those errors generated by various mechanical sources. The estimated relative errors do not exceed 6%. The results confirm the effectiveness of this model, which can be utilized to ascertain the range of error sources and assess the extent to which errors from various sources impact imaging accuracy. This model provides a basis for the precision optimization of LSIS.
Characteristics of tin droplet target system for EUV source research
Authors: Sun Qin , Wang Xinbing , Zuo Duluo
Published: December 2023

Droplet-based laser-produced plasma source shows enormous significance in extreme ultraviolet lithography, which places high demands on the stability of tin droplets. This paper presents a tin droplet target system including the tin droplet generator (DG), droplet diagnosis, and spatiotemporal synchronization of tin droplets and laser. Shadowgraph technology is used to determine the stability of tin droplets. The characteristics of the DG were analyzed, and the operation parameter maps are provided. By varying operating frequencies from 18.4 kHz to 49.3 kHz, the diameter and spacing of droplets can be adjusted in the ranges of 120–200 μm and 200–1100 μm respectively. Both theoretical calculations and experimental results show that tin droplets keep high stability when the operation parameters locate at the optimal range. The long-term lateral stability is also proven under a high degree of vacuum. Additionally, the application feasibility of the DG system is verified by the experiments of laser impact tin droplets.
Automatic flaw detection of carbon fiber prepreg using a CFP-SSD model during preparation
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Gan Xuehui , Ping An
Published: December 2023

As an intermediate material for carbon fiber composites, surface flaws inevitably occur during carbon fiber prepreg preparation, which will seriously affect the quality of carbon fiber composite products. The current approaches for identifying flaws on carbon fiber prepreg have the drawbacks of being labor-intensive and inefficient. This research puts forward a novel model for identifying surface flaws on carbon fiber prepregs using an improved single-shot multibox detector (SSD), called CFP-SSD model. A machine vision-based platform for surface flaws identification on carbon fiber prepreg is created. Additionally, the modified-Resnet50 backbone employed in the proposed CFP-SSD model can enhance the effectiveness of network feature extraction. Then, the multi-scale fusion remote context feature extraction module is designed to efficiently fuse the information from the shallow and deep layers. The findings of performance comparison experiments and ablation experiments indicate that the proposed CFP-SSD model achieves 86.63% mean average precision and a detection speed of 47 frames per second, which is sufficient for real-time automatic identification of carbon fiber prepreg surface flaws.
Ray and caustic structure of Ince-Gauss beams
Authors: Gutiérrez-Cuevas R , Dennis M R , Alonso M A
Published: December 2023

The Ince-Gauss beams, separable in elliptic coordinates, are studied through a ray-optical approach. Their ray structure can be represented over a Poincaré sphere by generalized Viviani curves (intersections of a cylinder and a sphere). This representation shows two topologically different regimes, in which the curve is composed of one or two loops. The overall beam shape is described by the ray caustics that delimit the beams’ bright regions. These caustics are inferred from the generalized Viviani curve through a geometric procedure that reveals connections with other physical systems and geometrical constructions. Depending on the regime, the caustics are composed either of two confocal ellipses or of segments of an ellipse and a hyperbola that are confocal. The weighting of the rays is shown to follow the two-mode meanfield Gross–Pitaevskii equations, which can be mapped to the equation of a simple pendulum. Finally, it is shown that the wave field can be accurately estimated from the ray description.
A semi-analytical approach via yang transform on fractional-order navier-stokes equation
Authors: Kapoor Mamta , Kour Simran
Published: December 2023

In this current, the applications of the Yang transformation technique are taken under consideration to deal with the non-linear fractional Navier–Stokes equation and fractional coupled Navier–Stokes equation. The suggested method produces approximate-analytical solutions in the form of a series that are correspondingly dependent on fractional-order derivative values and have modest, comprehensible mechanics and easy implementation. The Caputo fractional derivative is employed, and the numerical scheme’s stability and convergence are examined. Numerical examples demonstrate the analytical solution of the technique and it is examined that the proposed techniques are robust, efficient and reduce the number of numerical computations. The current technique’s results are compatible with the theoretical analysis, and the suggested technique can be extended to solve numerous higher-order non-linear dynamics.
Physics based analysis of a high-performance dual line tunneling TFET with reduced corner effects
Authors: Ashok Tammisetti , Pandey Chandan Kumar
Published: December 2023

To improve the DC and analog/HF performance, a novel dual line tunneling based TFET (DLT-ES-TFET) with elevated source and L-shaped pocket is proposed in this manuscript. In DLT-ES-TFET, the elevated top (G1) and extended back (G2) gates overlapping the source region enhance the line tunneling of charge carriers in both vertical and horizontal directions across the source-pocket interface. TCAD-based simulation results reveal that DLT-ES-TFET offers an improvement of ∼47% and ∼54% in average subthreshold swing when it is compared with E-VTSFET and L-TFET, respectively. Furthermore, ON-current in DLT-ES-TFET is also found to be improved by an order of ∼1 as compared to other two devices. In fact, the L-shaped pocket reduces the corner effects caused by the electric filed crowding across source-channel (S-C) interface, which eventually suppresses the OFF-state leakage in the proposed DLT-ES-TFET. Moreover, enhancement in the charge carriers tunneling across S-C interface leads to a huge increment in the transconductance (∼157μs/μm) of DLT-ES-TFET, which further helps in achieving a high cut-off frequency of 12.3 GHz. Next, transient response of DLT-ES-TFET-based resistive load inverter suggests a notable improvement in peak over- and under-shoots along with propagation delay as compared to E-VTSFET and L-TFET. Lastly, interface traps and temperature analysis is also found to be in favor of the proposed DLT-ES-TFET.
Generalized time-delay reverse synchronization with error feedback coefficients
Authors: Shi Qiqin , Zhao Yuzhuo , Zeng Jian , Ding Qun
Published: December 2023

To enhance the application of discrete chaotic systems in secure communication, we introduce a novel generalized time-delay inverse synchronization method with error feedback coefficient. This paper outlines the derivation of an inverse master-slave time-delay generalized synchronization system using the Lyapunov theory with error feedback coefficient design, which is proposed for the first time. To verify the efficacy of the synchronization method, we constructed a new 4D discrete hyperchaotic system. The dynamic properties of the novel system, such as the phase diagram and Lyapunov exponents, are investigated. Empirical outcomes reveal that generalized discrete time-delay synchronization can be accomplished under certain conditions for the error feedback coefficient. The study utilizes the chaotic masking technique to encrypt and decrypt messages in the secure communication system. The experimental findings reveal that by integrating the synchronization approach with the time-delay context of secure communication, the applicable design of the synchronization procedure is adaptable and trustworthy, catering to the pertinent requirements of engineering, and has the capacity to attain instantaneous chaotic synchronization requisites.
Spatial and temporal coherence via polarization mutual coherence function
Authors: Luis Alfredo
Published: December 2023

We address polarization coherence in terms of correlations of Stokes variables. We develop an scalar polarization mutual coherence function that allows us to define a polarization coherence time. We find a suitable spectral polarization density allowing a polarization version of the Wiener-Khintchine theorem. With these tools we also address the polarization version of the van Cittert-Zernike theorem.
The Large Array Survey Telescope—Pipeline. I. Basic Image Reduction and Visit Coaddition
Authors: Ofek E. O. , Shvartzvald Y. , Sharon A. , Tishler C. , Elhanati D. , Segev N. , Ben-Ami S. , Nir G. , Segre E. , Sofer-Rimalt Y. , Blumenzweig A. , Strotjohann N. L. , Polishook D. , Krassilchtchikov A. , Zenin A. , Fallah Ramazani V. , Weimann S. , Garrappa S. , Shanni Y. , Chen P. , Zimmerman E.
Published: December 2023

The Large Array Survey Telescope (LAST) is a wide-field telescope designed to explore the variable and transient sky with a high cadence and to be a test-bed for cost-effective telescope design. A LAST node is composed of 48 (32 already deployed), 28 cm f/2.2 telescopes. A single telescope has a 7.4 deg2 field of view and reaches a 5σ limiting magnitude of 19.6 (21.0) in 20 (20 × 20) s (filter-less), while the entire system provides a 355 deg2 field of view. The basic strategy of LAST is to obtain multiple 20 s consecutive exposures of each field (a visit). Each telescope carries a 61 Mpix camera, and the system produces, on average, about 2.2 Gbit s−1. This high data rate is analyzed in near real-time at the observatory site, using limited computing resources (about 700 cores). Given this high data rate, we have developed a new, efficient data reduction and analysis pipeline. The LAST data pipeline includes two major parts: (i) Processing and calibration of single images, followed by a coaddition of the visit’s exposures. (ii) Building the reference images and performing image subtraction and transient detection. Here we describe in detail the first part of the pipeline. Among the products of this pipeline are photometrically and astrometrically calibrated single and coadded images, 32 bit mask images marking a wide variety of problems and states of each pixel, source catalogs built from individual and coadded images, Point-Spread Function photometry, merged source catalogs, proper motion and variability indicators, minor planets detection, calibrated light curves, and matching with external catalogs. The entire pipeline code is made public. Finally, we demonstrate the pipeline performance on real data taken by LAST.
Mathematical Modeling of Carbon Nanoparticle Distribution in Polymer Composites for High Electrical Conductivity: Implications for Green Technologies
Authors: Menseidov Dzhihan
Published: December 2023

A mathematical framework has been formulated to elucidate the conductivity behavior of polymer composites infused with carbon nanoparticles. This linear model, while simplistic, provides a foundational understanding of how factors like nanoparticle morphology, concentration, and surface properties, in conjunction with polymer matrix attributes such as viscosity and surface tension, influence the spatial distribution of these nanoparticles. The overarching aim is to harness the potential of electrically conductive composites in bolstering green technological advancements in sectors like road transport, solar energy, batteries, and environmental conservation. The model underscores the pivotal role of high electrical conductivity in ensuring the efficient, sustainable, and environmentally benign operation of these technologies. This mathematical construct emerges as an instrumental tool, paving the way for the strategic design and optimization of electrically conductive composites tailored for diverse green technology applications.
Furniture market demand forecasting using machine learning approaches
Authors: Yaneva P E , Kulina H N
Published: December 2023

Researching consumer demand in the market for goods is essential for any business. The purpose of this study is to forecast the demand for furniture from a large manufacturer in Bulgaria. Significant factors influencing customer flow, both in the company and online stores, are investigated. Daily observations for nearly two years are modelled using CART Ensemble with arcing. The constructed models describe the demand for furniture with high goodness-of-fit statistics: coefficient of determination up to 93% and determine the order of the factors influencing the demand.
Development of an imaging method for in vivo single-cell tracking under high-noise conditions: a proof of principle
Authors: Chang Yu-Fen , Struchalin Pavel , Næss Bodil , Adamsen Tom Christian Holm , Balakin Boris V.
Published: December 2023

This paper reports the development of a positron imaging method for in vivo single-cell tracking under high-noise conditions. Following biological processes spatially and temporally at a single-cell level in a living organism is desirable for inquiring into the relationships between the behaviours and properties of cells. Positron-emitting radionuclides enable detecting and following radioactivity-labelled substances deep inside living organisms. However, positron imaging has several challenges, such as the distribution of high noise in other areas close to the cell under investigation. In this work, an algorithm for locating a cell with millisecond resolution to combat the strong interference of nearby noise is developed. The feasibility of the method is verified by the demonstration of particle tracking and detection of behavioural changes in an environment with the signal-to-noise ratio of 1:9.
Assessing the Impact of Speed and Type of Road Surface on the Noise Level in a Passenger Car Cabin
Authors: Kovachev N Y , Mihova V A , Georgiev I R , Pavlov V T
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a study of noise pollution in the cabin of a passenger car in the context of various types of road. The purpose of the study is to understand how the type of road surface can influence the levels of noise inside the car. Sound pressure levels were measured on the A-scale of a sound level meter for 3 types of road surface - crushed stone pavement, asphalt, and cobblestone. The study was conducted at varying speeds of the car within the range of 10-60 km/h. Due to limitations of homogeneous road conditions, a duration of 10 seconds was chosen for each measurement. The sound level meter was placed at a selected measuring point, close to the driver’s head. On the data collected in the above-mentioned way, various regression models have been developed to assess the impact of speed and type of road surface on the noise level. It was found that the noise level increases with the roughness of the road surface, and the resulting risks were analysed.
Modeling the viscoplastic transient dynamic process
Authors: Zhelyazov Todor , Pshenichnov Sergey
Published: December 2023

A hollow viscoelastic right circular cylinder subjected to a time-dependent load is considered. The cylinder is with finite dimensions. A transient load acts upon the inner surface of the cylinder, whereas no loads are applied to outer surfaces. The end surfaces of the cylinder are restrained to move along the cylinder axis. The viscoelastic behaviour of the material is modelled using Boltzmann – Volterra equations. A yield criterion is implemented in the numerical analyses. By assumption, upon reaching the yield surface, the linear viscoelastic model switches to a plastic constitutive relation. The transient dynamic behaviour of the material is simulated for different intensities of the applied load and model parameters.
Design of a system for bioinformatics processing of metagenomic data
Authors: Kirilov A , Kirov B
Published: December 2023

Advancements in acquiring, storing and processing information have led to a significant accumulation of large databases in the field of metagenomics—a branch of biology that deals with the study of genetic material directly recovered from environmental or clinical samples. The data collected from metagenomic experiments are massive and noisy, often containing fragmented information representing over 10,000 species. Processing and analyzing this data require software installed on supercomputers. In this paper, the authors present the design, development, and creation of a computational server system aimed at processing and analyzing bioinformatics data in metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene studies. They utilized the specialized software product Galaxy Europe for this purpose. The analysis was performed using the metagenomics-based method Targeted Amplicon Sequencing. The data was divided into three test collections in a special fasta file format. These collections were processed using the web-based Galaxy platform and two configuration variants on a high-performance cluster equipped with NVIDIA Tesla V100 32 GB GPU cards. The analysis process was optimized to reduce information processing time, and the parallel performance of the three different system configurations was investigated for the data used.
Flowpattern in hydrocyclones, numerical simulations with experimental verification
Authors: Hoffmann Alex C. , Fonnes Daniel , Chang Yu-Fen
Published: December 2023

This paper reports a detailed study of the flow in cyclone separators, with the use of most up to date computational fluid dynamics simulations, which are validated with positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) experiments tracing the movement of particles through the cyclone. The parameters varied were the viscosity of the carrier liquid, the flowrate and, in the numerical simulations, the inlet configurations of the cyclone, namely one and two inlets and, with the two inlets, a) both at right angles to the cyclone axis and b) angled downwards. The study reveals features of the flow, which have not been seen till now, but are necessary for the understanding and modelling of the separation and purification efficiency of cyclones. The results of the simulations and the close agreement with experiment are a testament to the reliability and accuracy of large eddy simulation (LES), even for flow features as difficult to simulate as the confined strongly swirling flows in cyclone separators. The results show that a contiguous, smooth surface of zero axial velocity does exist and has approximately the shape that has been assumed by modellers. The significant effects of fluid viscosity, underflow and modifications to the inlet are also shown.
Matched impedance amplifier design for shear-force acoustic near-field microscopy
Authors: Brockman Theodore , Supichayanggoon Kacharat , La Rosa Andres H
Published: December 2023

Efficient detection of the acoustic signal constitutes the most critical aspect in Shear-force Acoustic Near-field Microscopy, for reliably characterize the dynamic response of confined fluids under shear stress. The near-field acoustic emission from the fluid is monitored as the probe gradually approaches to, and subsequently retracts from, the substrate. Herein we report a 7dB improvement in signal-to-noise sensitivity in detecting the acoustic emission from the fluid trapped between a flat sample and the apex of a tapered probe (the latter attached to a quartz tuning fork of 32 kHz resonance frequency). The new design capitalizes on the inherent capacitance of the SANM acoustic sensor (comprising a pile of piezoelectric plates) and a proper matching inductor/capacitance combination to, altogether connected in a tank-circuit fashion, optimize the sensor’s response at 32 kHz. A detailed construction of the circuit amplifier, as well as detailed frequency response bandwidth and noise characterization, is included herein.
Deep neural network uncertainty quantification for LArTPC reconstruction
Authors: Koh D. , Mishra A. , Terao K.
Published: December 2023

We evaluate uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods for deep
learning applied to liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC)
physics analysis tasks. As deep learning applications enter
widespread usage among physics data analysis, neural networks with
reliable estimates of prediction uncertainty and robust performance
against overconfidence and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples are
critical for their full deployment in analyzing experimental
data. While numerous UQ methods have been tested on simple datasets,
performance evaluations for more complex tasks and datasets are
scarce. We assess the application of selected deep learning UQ
methods on the task of particle classification using the
PiLArNet [1] monte carlo 3D LArTPC point cloud
dataset. We observe that UQ methods not only allow for better
rejection of prediction mistakes and OOD detection, but also
generally achieve higher overall accuracy across different task
settings. We assess the precision of uncertainty quantification
using different evaluation metrics, such as distributional
separation of prediction entropy across correctly and incorrectly
identified samples, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs),
and expected calibration error from observed empirical accuracy. We
conclude that ensembling methods can obtain well calibrated
classification probabilities and generally perform better than other
existing methods in deep learning UQ literature.
A study of performance comparison of databases for HALF data archiving system
Authors: Chen Huhang , Liu G.F. , Zhang DaDi , Qin Tian , Sun X.K.
Published: December 2023

The Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) is a 2.2 GeV
fourth-generation synchrotron radiation light source. The HALF
control system is a distributed control system based on Experimental
Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). As the essential part
of the HALF control system, the Historical Data Archiving System
(HDAS) is responsible to store operational data for the entire
facility including the accelerator and beamlines, and provides the
functions for data query and analysis. According to the estimation
based on the HALF scale, approximately 25,000 EPICS PVs will be
stored in HDAS, and these accumulated massive data require a
dedicated database for persistent storage and management. Under the
EPICS PV data scenario of HALF, a fair database test platform is
designed and built to test the read-write performance of databases
commonly used in the particle accelerator field. The tested objects
include EPICS Archiver Appliance and the five databases MongoDB,
HBase, InfluxDB, TimescaleDB, and Cassandra. Additionally, research
on the five databases software ecosystem is conducted for the
development and extension of HDAS. The test results indicate that
TimescaleDB has the fastest read performance, and 1.4×10^6
items of data can be read per second. TimescaleDB also has superior
write performance. 1.2 × 105 items of data can be written per
second, which can fully meet the writing requirements of
HDAS. Regarding the software ecosystem, TimescaleDB is compatible
with a larger number of data visualization software and big data
processing frameworks. Therefore, TimescaleDB is more suitable as
the HDAS database. In the future, a TimescaleDB distributed cluster
will be designed and deployed, and an HDAS prototype system will be
developed based on this cluster.
Land resource management on environment and sustained basis for agricultural land use planning using landform and land evaluation approach (a case study in North Barito District, Central Kalimantan Province)
Authors: Amelia V , Sinaga S , Bhermana A
Published: December 2023

One of strategic policies that has been established in order to achieve and maintain food security in Central Kalimantan is opening the potential lands for agriculture. North Barito district as one several districts in this province, with total areas of 998,908 hectares, has the availability of arable lands for agricultural development. This study was then carried out to provide data and information for appropriate land and environment management through proper agricultural land use planning. Landform approach through digital elevation model (DEM) analysis and land evaluation procedure were used to define land allocation on sustained basis. The technology of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing were also employed to produce geospatial data to support land evaluation purpose. The result provide geospatial management of land and environment concept that can be implemented as basic consideration for agricultural planning especially in land use. In the case of North Barito, the region can be allocated for agricultural system of estate crops, food crops and forest ecosystem with each total area of 558,319 hectares (55.89%); 221,920 hectares (22.22%); and 218,669 hectares (21.89%), respectively. Specific program and policy can then be designed to develop the region for the development of agricultural purposes.
The harvested of eucalyptus leaves as sources of essential oil production from timber forest plantation
Authors: Suhardiman A , Fitriyana F
Published: December 2023

Eucalyptus tree especially on the leaves part, contains essential oil that commercially valuable. However, it is widely known that Eucalyptus tree plantation is designed solely to produce timber, so that their leaves were simply became waste during timber harvesting. This study aimed to estimate the potential production of essential oil from Eucalyptus leaves in PT Surya Hutani Jaya forest concession in Kutai Kartanegara Districs, East Kalimantan. Thirty eucalyptus trees were selected directly on the harvesting block and treated as sample for estimating the weight of the leaves. Leaves were collected and separated from its twig and branch manually by hand. Following the eucalyptus canopy structure, 1/3 of the most upper part of the leaves that representing young leaves were separated from other leaves part and each were weighted using digital scales. This research finds that average weight of single Eucalyptus leaves at the harvested age is 5.56 kg (standard deviation = 2.63 kg). Bias was calculated as much as 18%. Using confidence interval 95%, the weight of the leaf’s ranges from 4.58 – 6.55 kg.
Crown Density Relationship to Microclimate and Comfort Index in Telaga Sari City Forest, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Kartika N , Marjenah
Published: December 2023

The development of urban areas that are increasingly developing causes the area of green open space to decrease, and urban buildings that are increasingly denser result in an increase in local temperatures in the city. The presence of vegetation will provide cooler air. Furthermore, the urban microclimate is an interesting thing to correlate with the presence of vegetation somewhere. The Telaga Sari City Forest is one of Balikpapan’s green open space places. This research analyz the relationship between crown density microclimate and comfort index. The method for the percentage of crown density used Habitapp App. To measure the microclimate used Thermohygrometer, and Lux Meter. From the research results, it is known that, at the Telaga Sari City Forest there is a strong relationship between crown density and microclimate, namely light intensity, temperature, humidity, and the comfort index/THI, successively the multiple R values of 0.87, 0.83, 0.78 and 0.81. The linear equations namely y = -23.677x + 1986, y = -0.0317x + 31.096, y = 0.119x + 65.891 and y = -0.0232x + 29.007. In order to create a favorable microclimate in the city and provide green open space, it required to plant trees with high canopy density values.
Design of soil and water conservation techniques to minimize soil erosion on degraded land in Samarinda Tenggarong Axis Road
Authors: Sarminah S , Timo P N , Aipassa M I
Published: December 2023

Soil conservation activities are aimed at tackling land degradation, especially soil erosion, which occurs rapidly. If there is human intervention, land will become more sensitive to the influence of water (rainfall) and gravitational forces. This study aimed to identify the types of erosion that occur on degraded land and design appropriate soil and water conservation techniques based on vegetative and physically degraded land conditions on the Samarinda-Tenggarong Axis road. The results of the documentation collected from each research site identified the type of erosion, and designed soil and water conservation techniques. This research is focused on the design referring to Permenhut P.04/Menhut-11/2011 and UU RI/37/2014. The results of this study showed that location 1 of the recommended technique is the vegetative technique and the manufacture of Water Sewerage, location 2 is the bench terrace technique, location 3 is the retaining wall technique, location 4 is the individual terrace technique, location 5 is the stone terrace/wall technique, location 6 is the stone terrace/wall technique, and location 7 is the garden terrace technique. The design of the soil and water conservation techniques recommended in this study is expected to have a positive effect on minimizing soil erosion on degraded land.
Observation of waterbirds in mangrove forest: The need for habitat rehabilitation to maintain and utilize the bird species community in the Mahakam Delta
Authors: Boer C , Rustam  , Syoim M , Prasetya A
Published: December 2023

Waterbirds are relatively permanent inhabitants of mangrove forests and can come from either the mainland or very distant regions as migrant species. These birds serve as an important indicator for preserving biodiversity in general by maintaining mangrove forests through rehabilitation and restoration activities. Additionally, some species have good economic potential to improve community welfare, as well as current pond products such as fish and shrimp. This study aimed to observe bird species diversity in the mangrove area to understand its function and recognize the migratory species that can be the basis for strengthening preservation or conservation. The research sites were in the Mahakam Delta, which is located in Muara Jawa and Sepatin, Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia. More than 60 birds were successfully identified. Only one species was classified as CR (critically endangered), namely Thalasseus Bernstein. Meanwhile, bird species that were classified as VU (vulnerable) included Leptotilus javanicus, Fregata minor, and Egretta eulopheutes. Four species, including Anhinga melanogaster, Ichtyopaga ichtyaetus, Macronus ptilosus, and Numenius arquata, were identified as NT (near threatened) species. Most of the species found were characterized as having LC (least concern) status.
Dyeing of doyo fiber (Curculigo latifolia) using teak leaf extract (Tectona grandis) as a natural coloring material
Authors: Khairu M K , Kuspradini H , Rosamah E
Published: December 2023

The Dayak Benuaq tribe uses natural dyes to give color to the Ulap Doyo woven fabric made from an endemic plant, namely Doyo (Curculigo latifolia). The purpose of this study was to carry out the extraction process and identify the phytochemical compounds in teak leaves, to carry out the fixation process on doyo fiber that had been treated with mordant, to measure the color fastness on doyo fiber. The extraction process uses the decoction method with 1 L distilled water as a solvent. Phytochemical testing using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Brightness and color discoloration were measured using the Colorimeter WR10 FRU. The test results show teak leaves have the potential as a red natural dye on doyo fiber. The phenol content contained in the teak leaf extract solution was 29.46 GAE/mg extract. Then the flavonoid content contained was 3.74 µg CE/mg extract. Furthermore, the anthocyanin content contained was 0.181 mg/g extract. lime (CaCO3) mordant is to maintain the original color, the alum (Al2(SO4)3) mordant is to increase the brightness of the colors, and the tunjung (FeSO4) mordant is to give a dark color to the doyo fibers. Color fastness with dye heat testing (40°C) showed color direction values is good/4.