bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACL Reconstruction Patients Have Increased Risk of Knee Arthroplasty at 15 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Visnes Håvard , Gifstad Tone , Persson Andreas , Lygre Stein Håkon Låstad , Engebretsen Lars , Drogset Jon Olav , Furnes Ove
Published: June 2022

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is considered a risk factor for osteoarthritis. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the cumulative risk of, and risk factors associated with, a subsequent knee arthroplasty after an ACL reconstruction at up to 15 years of follow-up. The secondary aim was to compare the relative risk of knee arthroplasty after ACL reconstruction compared with that in the general population.

Methods:

Data were analyzed by combining data from 2 national registries, the Norwegian Knee Ligament Register and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. The cumulative risk of knee arthroplasty after undergoing ACL reconstruction was calculated as 1 minus the corresponding Kaplan-Meier estimate, and possible risk factors for knee arthroplasty after ACL reconstruction were assessed in a Cox regression model with hazard ratios (HRs) as estimated effect measurements. The relative risk of knee arthroplasty for patients managed with ACL reconstruction as compared with that in the general population was calculated in stratified age groups.

Results:

From the study population of 27,122 knees, 115 knees underwent knee arthroplasty. We found a 1.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9 to 1.4) cumulative risk of knee arthroplasty 15 years after ACL reconstruction. Deep cartilage injury, ICRS (International Cartilage Repair Society) grade 3 to 4 (HR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3.1 to 7.6), revision of the ACL (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 2.2 to 7.1), and a 2-year postoperative KOOS Sport/Recreation subscore of <44 (HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.5 to 6.2) were important risk factors for knee arthroplasty. We found a higher risk of knee arthroplasty at the age of 30 to 39 years after a previous ACL reconstruction as compared with the general population (relative risk, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 6.7).

Conclusions:

Fifteen years after an ACL reconstruction, the overall cumulative risk of knee arthroplasty was 1.1%. Cartilage injury at the time of ACL reconstruction, revision ACL reconstruction, and a KOOS Sport/Recreation subscore of <44 (at 2 years postoperatively) were major risk factors for subsequent knee arthroplasty. We found a 3.3-times higher risk of knee arthroplasty at the age of 30 to 39 years after a previous ACL reconstruction as compared with that in the general population.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Predicting Model for Delirium in Patients with Cardiovascular Surgery: Development and Validation
Authors: Xu yanghui , meng yunjiao , Qian xuan , Wu honglei , Ji peipei , Liu yanmei , Chen honglin
Published: June 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to construct a Nomogram model for discriminating the risk of delirium in patients with cardiovascular surgery.Methods From January 2017 to June 2020, we collected 838 patients with cardiovascular surgery in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University. Patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 5:5 ratio. Nomogram model was established based on the Logistic regression. The discrimination and calibration were used to evaluate the prediction performance of the model.ResultsThe incidence of delirium was 48.3%. 389 cases were in the modeling group and 449 cases were in the verification group. Logistic regression analysis showed that CPB duration (OR=1.004, 95%CI: 1.001-1.008, P=0.018), Postoperative Serum Sodium(OR=1.112, 95%CI: 1.049-1.178, P＜0.001), age (OR=1.027, 95%CI: 1.006-1.048, P=0.011), postoperative MV(OR=1.019, 95%CI: 1.008-1.030, P＜0.001) were independent risk factors. The results showed that AUCROC was 0.712 and the 95%CI was 0.661-0.762. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that the predicted results of the model were in good agreement with the actual situation (χ2=6.200, P=0.625). The results of verification showed that AUCROC was 0.705 and the 95%CI was 0.657-0.752. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test results showed that χ2=8.653 and P=0.372, indicating the prediction effect of the model is good.ConclusionsThe establishment of the model provides medical staff with accurate and objective assessment tools, so that medical staff can start to prevent postoperative delirium with a purpose and focus when the patient enters the CSICU after surgery.
Circulating levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and Lp(a) in stage III breast cancers
Authors: Chong Emilie Wong , Joncas France-Hélène , Seidah Nabil G. , Calon Frédéric , Diorio Caroline , Gangloff Anne
Published: June 2022

Background/ Synopsis: Cholesterol plays an important role in sustaining tumor growth and metastasis in a large variety of cancers. New and powerful cholesterol-lowering drugs are being used in combination to treat cardiovascular diseases. Thus, it becomes intuitive to verify whether these drugs could be combined to induce a cholesterol shortage sufficient to impede tumor progression. Circulating levels of the targets of a new generation of lipid-lowering drugs have not been fully investigated in cancers. Given that drugs directed against PCSK9 (evolocumab, alirocumab, inclisiran), ANGPTL3 (evinacumab) and Lp(a) (pelacarsen) are available, it becomes important to assess circulating levels of these drug targets and their role in cancers. Objective/Purpose: To compare circulating levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3, and Lp(a) in women with stage III breast cancer versus women with premalignant or benign breast lesions. Methods: Twenty-three plasma samples from women diagnosed with a stage III breast cancer (ductal, lobular or mixed) were matched for age with twenty-three plasma samples from women bearing premalignant (stage 0, n=9) or benign (n= 14) breast lesions. The lipid profile (Apo B, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides levels) and Lp(a) were measured on a Roche Modular analytical platform, whereas LDL levels were calculated with the Friedewald formula. ANGPTL3 and PCSK9 plasma levels were quantitated by ELISA. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS software version 9.4. Results: PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in women with stage III breast cancer compared to age-matched counterparts presenting a benign lesion (95.9 +/- 27.1 ng/mL vs. 78.5 +/- 19.3 ng/mL, p<0.05, n=14). Moreover, PCSK9 levels positively correlated with breast disease severity (benign, stage 0, stage III) (Rho=0.34, p<0.05, n=46). In contrast, ANGPTL3 and Lp(a) plasma levels did not display any association with breast disease status and lipids did not correlate with disease severity. Conclusion: In this cohort of 46 women, PCSK9 levels increased along with the severity of breast disease. Given that PCSK9 plays an important role in maintaining cholesterolemia and has been shown to degrade MHC-I on tumor cells, impeding immune T-cells response to tumors, the association between PCSK9 levels and breast disease severity needs to be further investigated in larger studies.
Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant during China’s largest outbreaks
Authors: Dai Yeyu Freddie , Dai Binxi Gabriel , Chen Mu
Published: June 2022

A complete and accurate statistical analysis of cases of contraction with SARS-CoV-2, under the conditions of strict mandatory quarantine and isolation and of a high rate of full vaccination, during the largest COVID-19 outbreaks driven by the Omicron BA.2 subvariant in China are given. SARS-CoV-2 is still new, and little is known about either its directions of variations or its laws of propagation. No country other than China has been able to disclose every case of infection in every epidemic or outbreak since April of 2020. Here, this study reveals that Omicron BA.2 subvariant can still spread very fast and wide in areas with strict “dynamic zero-COVID strategy”1 in China, that there exist cities twenty fold differences in morbidity rates unrelated to any of the known factors contributing to incidence of infectious diseases, and that Omicron BA.2 subvariant is unpredictable in its virulence, although its severity rate of symptomatic cases is low. This analysis provides first-hand original and valuable information for further research on similar epidemics in the future. It may bring new thoughts for correction of present epidemiological theory and mathematical models. It may also give other countries time to be better prepared for the coming 6th wave driven by Omicron BA.2.
Spatial-temporal characteristics and decoupling effects of China's transportation carbon emissions
Authors: Cai Jie , ma shuyue , ji hongmei , jiang wenyue , bai zhongrong
Published: June 2022

Calculating China’s transportation carbon emissions and exploring its principles are essential for achieving high-quality development of the transportation industry. Firstly, we use a “top-down” method to assess carbon emissions from transportation operations from 2003 to 2019. Secondly, the logarithmic average weight decomposition approach is built to decompose the factors affecting China’s transportation carbon emissions. Thirdly, the Tapio decoupling model examines how transportation carbon emissions are dynamically decoupled in various Chinese provinces. The findings suggest that China's transport carbon emissions are growing at an annual rate of roughly 16 percent. Transportation carbon emissions are increased by GDP per capita, transportation energy intensity, and population size, whereas transportation carbon emissions are reduced by unit turnover energy consumption and transportation intensity. There is a lot of variation in China's carbon emissions decoupling index from year to year.
Effectiveness of sequential embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Wei , Cui Ling , Wang Fang
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The window of implantation extends 3–6 days within the secretory phase in most normal women. The efficacy of such technique (sequential transfer) is still debatable in IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate whether sequential transfer is more beneficial to pregnancy outcomes in IVF/ICSI.
Method
Search terms included “double embryo transfer”, “sequential transfer”, “consecutive transfer”, “IVF”, “ICSI”. The selection criteria were nonrandomized studies and randomized controlled studies. For data collection and analysis, the Review Manager software, Newcastle–Ottowa Quality Assessment Scale and GRADE approach were used.
Results
The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate showed that compared to the control protocol, the treatment group (sequential embryo transfer) were higher (RR 1.31, 95% CI (1.15 to 1.48), I2 = 49%, P < 0.0001), (RR 1.65, 95% CI (1.18 to 2.31), I2 = 0%, P = 0.003). The results were statistically significant. The multiple pregnancies rate and miscarriage rate were no statistical significance.
Conclusion
The sequential embryo transfer provided higher clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate than the control protocol, with the same rate of multiple pregnancies and miscarriage. The sequential embryo transfer could be a safe option as a personalized protocol for infertile patients.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Factors Associated Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment among the Elderly in Urban and Rural Areas of Hubei Province
Authors: CHENG Jing , JI XiaoQi , HE Lu , ZHANG YuTong , XIAO TongTong , GENG Qiang , WANG ZhiHui , QI ShiGe , ZHOU Fang , ZHAN JianBo
Published: June 2022

Objective To investigate the prevalence, influencing factors and population distribution of AD and MCI among residents of Hubei province aged 60 years or over. Methods A cross-sectional study was used for recruitment the subjects. The screened patients with AD and MCI were then selected as patients in a case-control study. Results A total of 4,314 subjects were recruited into the study. The prevalence of AD and MCI was 1.44% and 10.04%, respectively. The prevalence of AD and MCI differed significantly as a function of age and gender (P<0.05). The protective factors for AD and MCI separately included a happy marriage (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.36-1.35), etc; and higher education (OR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.55-0.78) etc. The risk factors for AD and MCI separately included infrequent participation in social activities (OR=1.00, 95%CI: 0.60-1.66), etc; and infrequent communication with children (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.09-1.69), etc. Conclusion The prevalence of AD aged 60 and over in Hubei province was lower than the national average of 3.06%. The prevalence of MCI was within the range nationally (5.2-23.4%). The influencing factors of AD and MCI were associated with their social connections, lifestyle behaviours and somatic diseases and so on. The elderly people should be encouraged to study and communicate with others,take part in regular physical exercise and choose a healthy lifestyle so as to prevent or slow the decline of cognitive ability.
Pediatric Pineal Region Tumors: Institutional Experience of Surgical Managements with Posterior Interhemispheric Trans-Tentorial Approach
Authors: Tomita Tadanori , Alden Tord D. , Dipatri Arthur J.
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Resecting pineal region tumors in children is often challenging. Several approaches have been proposed and practiced. A personal series of pediatric pineal region tumor resected through craniotomy with posterior interhemispheric occipital transtentorial (OT) approach are reviewed. We present the surgical techniques and pitfalls, and their results.
Material and Methods
Eighty patients ranging in age from 3 months to 21 years old, and treated over 3 decades were reviewed. Hydrocephalus caused the main presenting symptoms and was noted in 74 patients. It was treated prior to the craniotomy for tumor resection with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in 33, external ventricular drainage in 26 and precraniotomy shunt in 15. Nine patients had ETV together with endoscopic biopsy. All patients had parieto-occipital craniotomy in a prone position. Through a tentorial section, a gross total resection of the tumor was attempted except for germinomas
Results
. The tumor pathology showed 32 germ cell tumors (GCT), 22 benign astrocytomas 13 pineal parenchymal tumors, 5 ATRTs, 3 papillary tumors and 5 others. Of GCTs, 18 were teratomas. The extent of resection consisted of 55 gross total resection, 13 subtotal resection, 10 partial and 2 biopsy with one postoperative death. Hemiparesis in 2, cerebellar ataxia in another 2 and hemiballismus in 1 were transient and improved overtime. One had permanent hemisensory loss and another patient had bilateral oculomotor palsy. Postoperative homonymous hemianopia occurred in 2 patients but subsided over a short period of time. Parinaud’s sign was noted in 24 patients, of which 16 were transient.
Conclusion
The posterior interhemispheric OT approach provides a safe route and comfortable access to the pineal region in children. A great majority of postoperative neurological complications are the results of direct manipulations of the midbrain at tumor resection. Identification and preservation of the tumor-brain interface is of paramount importance. GCTs other than teratomas are treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and may eliminate the need of craniotomy. Exophytic midbrain JPAs are amenable to resection.
Hepatocyte-specific Smad4 deficiency alleviates liver fibrosis via the p38 / p65 pathway
Authors: Wei Miaomiao , Yan Xinlong , Xin Xin , Chen Haiqiang , Hou Lingling , Zhang Jinhua
Published: June 2022

Liver fibrosis is a wound healing response caused by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Most studies have focused on the activated HSCs themselves in liver fibrosis, whether hepatocytes can modulate the process of fibrosis is still unclear. Sma mothers against decapentaplegic homologue 4 (Smad4) is a key intracellular transcription mediator of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) during the development and progression of liver fibrosis. However, the role of hepatocyte Smad4 in the development of fibrosis is poorly elucidated. Here, to explore the functional role of hepatocyte Smad4 and the molecular mechanism in liver fibrosis, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model was established in mice with hepatocyte-specific Smad4 deletion (Smad4Δhep). We found that hepatocyte-specific Smad4 deficiency reduced liver inflammation and fibrosis, alleviated epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inhibited hepatocyte proliferation and migration. Molecularly, Smad4 deletion in hepatocytes suppressed the expression of inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) and the secretion of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) of hepatocytes, which subsequently activated the p38 and p65 signaling pathways of HSCs in an epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent manner. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate that the Smad4 expression in hepatocytes plays important role in promoting liver fibrosis and could therefore be a promising target for future anti-fibrotic therapy.
Efficient transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants in commercial cultivars of Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus sinensis
Authors: Singh Sweta , Tarannum Zeba , Kokane Sunil , Ghosh Dilip K , Sharma Ashwani K , Chauhan Harsh
Published: June 2022

Citrus is one of the major horticultural crops having high economical and nutraceutical value. Despite the fact that conventional research has developed numerous improved varieties, citriculture is still susceptible to various stresses and requires innovative solutions such as genetic engineering. Among all the currently available modern approaches, the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most efficient method for introducing desired traits in citrus. However, being a non-host for Agrobacterium, various citrus species, including Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus sinensis are recalcitrant to this method. The available reports on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of commercial citrus cultivars show very low transformation efficiency and poor recovery rates of whole transgenic plantlets. Here, we provide an efficient and reliable procedure of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for both C. aurantifolia and C. sinensis. This protocol depends on providing callus-inducing treatment to explants before and during Agrobacterium co-cultivation, using optimum conditions for shoot regeneration, modifying in-vitro micrografting protocol to combat loss of transgenic lines. As the transgenic citrus shoots are difficult to root, we also developed ideal conditions for their rooting. Using this protocol, the whole transgenic plantlets of C. aurantifolia and C. sinensis can be developed in about ~ 4 months with transformation efficiency of 30% and 22% for respective species.
Memristor-induced mode transitions and extreme multistability in a map-based neuron model
Authors: Bao Bocheng , Hu Jingting , Cai Jianming , Zhang Xi , Bao Han
Published: June 2022

Because of the advent of discrete memristor, memristor effect in discrete map has become the important subject deserving discussion. To this end, this paper constructs a memristor-based neuron model considering magnetic induction by combining an existing map-based neuron model and a discrete memristor with absolute value nonlinear memductance. Taking the coupling strength and initial state of the memristor as variables, complex mode transition behaviors induced by the introduced memristor are disclosed using numerical methods, including spiking-bursting behaviors, mode transition behaviors, and hyperchaotic spiking behaviors. In particular, all of these behaviors are greatly dependent on the memristor initial state, resulting in the existence of extreme multistability in the memristive neuron model. Therefore, this memristive neuron model can be used to effectively imitate the magnetic induction effects when complex mode transition behaviors appear in the neuronal action potential. Besides, an FPGA-based hardware platform is developed for implementing the memristive neuron model and various spiking-bursting sequences are experimentally captured therein. The results show that when biophysical memory effect is present, the memristive neuron model can better represent the firing activities of biological neurons than the original map-based neuron model.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of supervised, at-home, self-administered transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) to manage long COVID symptoms
Authors: Badran Bashar W , Huffman Sarah M , Dancy Morgan , Austelle Christopher W , Bikson Marom , Kautz Steven A , George Mark S
Published: June 2022

Background
Although the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has now impacted the world for over two years, the persistent secondary neuropsychiatric effects are still not fully understood. These “long COVID” symptoms, also referred to as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), can persist for months after infection without any effective treatments. Long COVID involves a complex heterogenous symptomology and can lead to disability and limit work. Long COVID symptoms may be due to sustained inflammatory responses and prolonged immune response after infection. Interestingly, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) may have anti-inflammatory effects, however, until recently, VNS could not be self-administered, at-home, noninvasively.
Methods
We created a double-blind, noninvasive transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) system that can be self-administered at home with simultaneous remote monitoring of physiological biomarkers and video supervision by study staff. Subsequently, we carried out a pilot (n = 13) randomized, sham-controlled, trial with this system for four weeks to treat nine predefined long covid symptoms (anxiety, depression, vertigo, anosmia, ageusia, headaches, fatigue, irritability, brain fog). No in-person patient contact was needed, with informed consent, trainings, ratings, and all procedures being conducted remotely during the pandemic (2020–2021) and equipment being shipped to individuals’ homes. This trial was registered onClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier: NCT04638673.
Results
Four-weeks of at-home self-administered taVNS (two, one-hour sessions daily, delivered at suprathreshold intensities) was feasible and safe. Although our trial was not powered to determine efficacy as an intervention in a heterogenous population, the trends in the data suggest taVNS may have a mild to moderate effect in reducing mental fatigue symptoms in a subset of individuals. This innovative study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of supervised self-administered taVNS under a fully contactless protocol and suggests that future studies can safely investigate this novel form of brain stimulation at-home for a variety of neuropsychiatric and motor recovery applications.
LncRNA Mir155hg Knockdown Attenuates Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment through regulating the NF-κΒ signaling pathway in a Rat Model of Status Epilepticus
Authors: Wang Ming , Cui Na , Shao Yiye , Xie Yangmei , Xu Binyuan , Chen Yinghui
Published: June 2022

Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency that may lead to permanent brain damage or death. Microglia-mediated inflammation play a significant role in the pathogenesis of SE. As precursor of miR-155, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Mir155hg has been characterized as inflammation-related lncRNA in the nervous system. However, the molecular mechanism of how Mir155hg regulate inflammation in SE is still not elucidated. The current study aims to investigate the potential role of Mir155hg in SE-induced inflammation. In vitro experiments, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) was used to induce inflammation in primary microglia. In vivo, the SE rat model was established with lithium chloride-pilocarpine. The results demonstrated that lncRNA Mir155hg was highly expressed in NMDA-treated microglia and the hippocampus of SE rats. Down-regulated Mir155hg suppressed inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) both in microglia and SE rats. Meanwhile, the study confirmed that Mir155hg knockdown decreased the level of NF-κΒ p-p65 via Socs1 in microglia. Animal data indicated that Mir155hg knockdown terminated epileptiform discharges during SE. Furthermore, the study showed that Mir155hg knockdown repressed microglial proliferation, alleviated hippocampal neuron damage, and improved cognitive impairment induced by SE. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that lncRNA Mir155hg regulates the inflammation through the miR-155/Socs1/NF-κΒ axis in SE rat.
Signet Ring Cell Colorectal Cancers portend an aggressive biology: A 17-year analysis of operable colorectal cancers at a tertiary hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Farooqi Nifasat , Khan Sadaf , Siddique Sabeeh , Jiwani Uswa , Shariff Amir , Syed Ajia , Virji Safna , Ghias Kulsoom , Moosajee Munira
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Primary signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare variant of colorectal cancer, reportedly comprising 0.1%-2.6% of all colorectal cancers. Due to manifestations occurring later in the course of the disease, the overall survival is reportedly poorer than that of colorectal adenocarcinoma. The Southeast Asian region has been observed to have a higher likelihood of having the signet ring cell carcinoma variant. Objective: The following study determines the overall proportion and histopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer in a Pakistani population across a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The histopathology reports of the colon and/or rectum specimens diagnosed as primary colorectal carcinoma were identified and reviewed at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). These included all the surgical specimens submitted to AKUH from January 2002 to December 2018. Biopsies and histopathological specimens with fragmented bowel, lack of orientation of tissue, and post chemotherapeutic complete resolution of the tumor were excluded.Results: Of the 2,662 surgical specimens of colorectal carcinoma identified, 1,708 specimens met the inclusion criteria. The cohort consisted of 62.4% (n = 1065) males, with an overall mean age of 50.41 years (SD = 16.98). Among these patients, 29.5% (n = 504) were 40 years of age or younger, 19% (n = 325) were between the ages of 41 and 50, and 51.5% (n = 879) were older than 50 years (p<0.001). The frequency of signet ring cell cancer was found to be 5.4% (n = 92). The histopathological characteristics associated with worse prognosis were significantly associated with the type of tumor. Lymphovascular and perineural invasion, stage, and grade were all significantly higher in SRCC than the other types. Conclusion: Pakistani population tends to present with colorectal cancer at a younger age and with poorer prognostic features including higher rates of signet ring cell cancer.
Sodar measurements of winds and sea-breeze intrusions over Gadanki (13.50 N, 79.20 E), a tropical Indian station
Authors: Brahmanan Potula Sree , Sreed Singarapu , Rao Kaviti Tarakeswara , Chu Yen- Hsyang , Das Subrata Kumar
Published: June 2022

Sodar measurements of the vertical structure of winds were carried out in Gadanki (13.50 N, 79.20 E), India. There is a month-to-month shift in the wind pattern. The prevailing wind during the monsoon season is southwest in July and August, then northwest and south in September, with wind speeds exceeding 6 m/s. In October, the winds are from the northwest and southwest, while the winds are from the northeast in November. In December, the winds are coming from the southeast. Near-surface winds undergo a marked diurnal cycle and show perturbed wind directions in September and October. This may be related to the recession of the southeastern monsoon of the Indian subcontinent. We report two cases of deep penetrations of the sea- breeze intrusions, which are confirmed by surface-based atmospheric parameters. The sea breeze days are marked by a substantial drop in temperature, an increase in wind speed and relative humidity. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) rainfall data showed a rise in precipitation over this location on 23 July (4.8 mm) and 24 July (9.5 mm) when sea breeze intrusions over Gadanki are noticed. Sea-breeze intrusions may have brought precipitation (intrusion-laden precipitation) to this area, mainly due to drastic changes in ambient environmental parameters.
Analysis of differences between different sheep breeds based on whole-genome resequencing technology
Authors: Liu Ting , Guo Wenrui , Zhang Taiwu , Zhang Yanni , Yang Le , Xie Junkang , Kang Letian , Wang Weihao , Sun Lina , Duan Yan , Su Rina
Published: June 2022

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is the region with the highest mutton production in China, but researchers know very little about the genetic evolution of local sheep. In this experiment, whole-genome resequencing technology was used to investigate the genetic distance and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Chahar sheep, Ujimqin sheep and Xiqi sheep. The results showed that the distribution of SNPs in different regions of the genome was different, thus affecting the function of some genes. Insertion-Deletion (INDEL) also suggested an evolutionary distance between these three types of sheep. The genetic distance between Chahar sheep and the other two types of sheep is relatively far. During the construction of three sheep differential loci, it was found that they could be distinguished by the difference of bases at a certain position on the three chromosomes, which improved the identification of mutton. This suggests that the differences in meat quality between the three types of sheep are not only due to differences in the living environment but also may be influenced by genetic evolution. The research on differential genes can improve the data and theoretical basis for future precise nutrition.
Application of the fluorescent fingerprinting strategy for the verification of electron-beam and X-ray irradiation of potato tubers
Authors: Shik Anna V. , Skorobogatov Evgenii V. , Bliznyuk Ulyana A. , Chernyaev Alexander P. , Avdyukhina Valentina M. , Borschegovskaya Polina Yu. , Zolotov Sergey A. , Baytler Maksim O. , Doroshenko Irina A. , Podrugina Tatyana A. , Beklemishev Mikhail K.
Published: June 2022

High-energy electron beam and X-ray processing of foods can be used for the sterilization purposes, and the treatment of seed potatoes can reduce its field damage by pests and diseases. Chromatography–mass-spectrometry methods demonstrated notable changes in the chemical composition of treated foods, but it is not an affordable technique. This paper is aimed at developing more simple methods for revealing the fact of radiation treatment of potato tubers and approximate dose detection. We used a “fingerprinting” strategy that does not involve the determination of the amount of any particular chemical compound; instead, the effect of the potato extracts on the rate of indicator reactions with the participation of carbocyanine dyes is measured: one type of reaction is catalytic oxidation of the dye and the other involves an aggregational process. The dye content was followed by its near-IR fluorescence intensity and visible light absorption. The potatoes not subjected to treatment or irradiated with different doses (10, 100, 1,000 and 10,000 Gray) yielded different signals and eventually different patterns in the score plots of principal component and discriminant analysis. Non-irradiated tubers can be confidently distinguished from those irradiated with a high dose, and the order of the dose received can be estimated with 89–100% accuracy.
Yarning about pain: evaluating communication training for health professionals at persistent pain services in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Bernardes Christina M , Ekberg Stuart , Birch Stephen , Claus Andrew , Bryant Matthew , Meuter Renata , Isua Jermaine , Gray Paul , Kluver Joseph P. , Malacova Eva , Jones Corey , Houkamau Kushla , Taylor Marayah , Lin Ivan , Pratt Gregory
Published: June 2022

Background: Providing cultural education to health professionals is essential in improving the quality of care and the outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients. This study reports the evaluation of a novel training workshop used as an intervention to improve communication with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients at persistent pain services. Methods: In this single-arm intervention study, health professionals undertook a one-day workshop, which included cultural capability and communication skills training based on a clinical yarning framework. The workshop was delivered across three adult persistent pain clinics in Queensland. At the end of the training, participants completed a retrospective pre/post evaluation questionnaire (5 points Likert scale, 1=very low to 5=very high), to rate their perceived importance of communication training, their knowledge, ability, and confidence to communicate effectively. Participants also rated their satisfaction with the training and suggested improvements for future interventions.Results: Fifty-seven health professionals were trained (N= 57/111; 51% participation rate), 51 completed an evaluation questionnaire (n=51/57; 90% response rate). Significant improvements in the perceived importance of communication training, knowledge, ability and confidence to effectively communicate with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients were identified (p<0.001). The greatest increase was in the perceived confidence pre-training mean of 2.96 (SE=0.11) to the post-training mean of 4.02 (SE=0.09). Conclusion: This patient-centred communication training, delivered through a novel model that combines cultural capability and the clinical yarning framework applied to the pain management setting, was highly acceptable and significantly improved participants’ perceived competence. This method is transferrable to other health system sectors seeking to train their clinical workforce with culturally sensitive communication skills.
Lb-miR166a has a potentially positive impact on the treatment of kidney cancer
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Xie Zhiyuan , Li Yan , Zhu Qian , Shi Hongbin , Zhao Ruining , Yang Xiaobo , Tian Jia , Ma Lianghong
Published: June 2022

Background
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common tumor worldwide. The incidence rate of RCC ranks second among urinary system tumors, and the incidence rate has been increasing in recent years. Recent studies have shown that plant miRNAs can be absorbed into organisms through diet, and can regulate target gene expression and physiological function of predators across species. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Lycium barbarum has a wide range of antitumor effects. However, there are no reports on the cross-border regulation of tumors by Lycium barbarum miRNA (Lb-miRNA).
Methods
Human RCC cells (Caki-1) were cultured in vitro. The overexpression group of Lb-miR166a was constructed using lentivirus transfection. The effect of Lb-miR166a on the expression of RCC cells was analyzed using transcriptome sequencing, and differentially expressed genes were screened. Combined with bioinformatics technology, the relevant mechanisms by which Lb-miR166a regulates the occurrence and development of RCC were screened and verified, and in vivo tumor-bearing experiments on nude mice verified the effect of Lb-miR166a expression on the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of RCC.
Results
Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that Lb-miR166a regulated the expression of a variety of genes in tumor cells and regulated a large number of signaling pathways related to tumor occurrence and development. The overall finding was that Lb-miR166a inhibited tumor cell proliferation, promoted tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell invasion and metastasis. The tumor-bearing experiment in nude mice also showed that the subcutaneous tumor formation volume decreased in Lb-miR166a group mice, as did the expression of tumor cell Ki67 and the number of liver metastases.
Conclusion
This study explains the role of Lb-miR166a in the treatment of RCC and its underlying mechanisms. These results further improve the antitumor mechanism of L. barbarum and provide ideas for the clinical development of targeted drugs for the treatment of RCC.
Model of Force Interaction for Stability Prediction in Turning of Thin-Walled Cylindrical Workpiece
Authors: Falta Jiří , Sulitka Matěj , Janota Miroslav , Frkal Vojtěch
Published: June 2022

Turning of the thin-walled cylindrical workpiece is technologically highly demanding process due to the high flexibility of the workpiece . In this paper, a mathematical treatment of integral-based model of the cutting force which takes into account feed, cutting speed, depth of cut and tool nose radius leading to a model of tool- workpiece interaction is presented. The force interaction together with the compliant workpiece dynamics leads to a machining stability formulation. The effect of the aforementioned parameters on characteristic exponents is calculated and validated by comparison with experimentally identified exponents.
One of the outputs with immediate practical value is identification of the process damping, which is in the studied case shown to be significantly higher than structural damping of the workpiece itself. This means that without loss of reliability in stability prediction the experimental modal analysis of a given workpiece may be omitted and workpiece ' dynamics may be described only by mass and stiffness matrices which can be easily and reliably obtained by a finite element analysis.
Trust Aware Secured Energy Efficient Rule based Fuzzy Clustering Protocol with modified Sun Flower optimization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Dinesh K. , SVN Santhosh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is a superset of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to its distributed nature, it can be employed across different hazardous environments. In WSNs, devices are treated as various resource factors such as computing resources, sources of energy, storage systems, and security resources, necessitating the use of robust dynamic routing protocol. In most significant breakthrough of wireless data transmission the devices are capable of transmitting data with low cost and very minimal power supply in order to enhance network lifetime and optimization of energy consumption in the network. Any intrusion to data and network security might have a real and physical impact on network quality and affects the security to the network will deployed by the sensor nodes for remote monitoring in unauthorized environment. Pertaining to the geographical location, WSNs plays a wide open role in addressing the modern day challenges all around the world. However in WSNs, the selection of the optimal path with reduced energy and providing optimized security still poses a major challenge. To address this challenge, a methodology in this work has been proposed by choosing multiple trust factors to detect the malicious node, thereby electing a efficient cluster head by using Fuzzy temporal rules with Modified Sun Flower Optimization (FMSFO) algorithm. Moreover, the proposed system produces high reliability and security by employing modified Elgamal Digital Signature algorithm for secured data transmission for the nodes of WSNs. The proposed system provides high potentiality against various types of attacks by reducing the packet loss in indentify the malicious node, resulting in a better QoS and enhance the lifetime of the sensor nodes. The proposed protocol is implemented in NS3 simulator by using realistic simulation parameters. The simulation shows that the proposed method is efficient in terms of energy efficiency, throughput, PDR ratio, delay and provides better security when it is compared with the other existing state of art systems.
RETRACTED: Fault Detection in Multi-input Analog Circuits using Regression Modelling
Authors: Rai Anjali , Bhattacharya Rahul
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty Versus Manual Aspiration Thrombectomy in Patients With ST- segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Analyzed by Nuclear Scintigraphy
Authors: Shimojo Kazuki , Shibata Naoki , Takagi Kensuke , Mitsuhashi Hirotsugu , Morita Yasuhiro , Kanzaki Yasunori , Watanabe Naoki , Yoshioka Naoki , Miyazawa Hiroyuki , Imaoka Takuro , Sakamoto Gaku , Ohi Takuma , Goto Hiroki , Karasawa Hoshito , Morishima Itsuro
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Clinical outcomes regarding the efficacy of excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) in real-world cases of acute myocardial infarction (MI) are limited. We evaluated the impact of ELCA on myocardial salvage and left ventricular (LV) systolic/diastolic function in patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) compared with manual aspiration thrombectomy using nuclear scintigraphy.Methods: We enrolled 143 consecutive STEMI patients treated with ELCA (63 patients) or manual aspiration thrombectomy (80 patients) between September 2016 and December 2020 in a single-center hospital. We checked peak creatine kinase (CK)/ creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) level and demonstrated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) analyses with Quantitative Gated SPECT and Quantitative Perfusion SPECT (Auto QUANT 7.2) at 3–10 days using 123I-BMIPP and 3 months after percutaneous coronary intervention using 99mTc-tetrofosmin to evaluate myocardial salvage and LV systolic/diastolic function. Results: There was no significant difference in patients’ and periprocedural characteristics. Peak CK-MB level was significantly different between the groups (ELCA group, 190.0 [70.5–342.0] IU/L vs. aspiration group, 256.5 [157.0–354.8] IU/L, p=0.047). Although there was no significant difference in myocardial salvage, significant improvement in the LV ejection fraction (14.1 [6.2-19.8]% vs. 9.5 [3.9-15.3]%, respectively, p=0.017) and peak emptying rate (-0.54 [-1.02–-0.27] mL/s vs. -0.38 [-0.76–-0.05] mL/s, respectively, p=0.017) were detected.Conclusion: ELCA could suppress myocardial deviation enzymes and potentially improve systolic function in STEMI patients compared to manual aspiration thrombectomy.
Multidrug resistance genes screening of pancreatic cancer based on sensitivity profile to chemotherapeutic drugs
Authors: Zhao Bangbo , Qin Cheng , Li Zeru , Wang Yuanyang , Li Tianhao , Cao Hongtao , Yang Xiaoying , Li Tianyu , Wang Weibin
Published: June 2022

Backgrounds Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancer types and chemotherapeutic drug resistance is a stumbling block in improving the overall survival of PC patients. The nature of specific drug resistant subpopulation within pancreatic cancer is believed to be partly attributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell stemness. Various PC cell lines show various degrees of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents including gemcitabine (GEM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In-depth understanding of drug resistance mechanisms and profile heterogeneities could lead to the development of novel and precise therapeutic strategies for addressing the chemo-resistant dilemma in PC patients. Methods Cytotoxicity assays were performed by CCK8 in ten common PC cell lines including AsPC-1, BxPC-3, Capan-1, CFPAC, HPAFII, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, Patu-8988, SW1990 and T3M4. RNA-seq data of the ten cell lines were downloaded from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database and subsequently analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Based on first-line chemotherapy regimens of pancreatic cancer, intersections were taken among the DEGs of the five drugs and the expression level of genes in the intersections between resistant and sensitive cell lines were validated by qRT-PCR. Enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes between the resistant and sensitive cell lines were acquired by Metascape database.Results We found that the top two toxic drugs for PC cell lines were paclitaxel and gemcitabine. Among the ten PC cell lines, SW1990 was the most resistant PC cell line with the highest IC50 levels for three drugs, while MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 were the most sensitive PC cell lines. Differential expression analysis revealed the highest number of DEGs associated with cisplatin sensitivity up to 642 genes, of which 181 genes were upregulated and 461 genes were downregulated in cisplatin-resistant cell lines. The least number of DEGs are associated with gemcitabine sensitivity, of which 37 genes were highly expressed in gemcitabine-resistant PC cell lines and 25 genes were lowly expressed. Enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed that pathways associated with drug resistance were mainly extracellular matrix and cell-cell junction related pathways.Conclusions PC cell lines showed diverse sensitivities to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, which was caused by differential gene expression between the resistant and sensitive cell lines. The heterogeneity and its associated genes were enriched in extracellular matrix and cell-cell junction related pathways. Our study first portrayed the sensitivity profile to chemotherapeutic drugs of PC, which would benefit the chemoresistance mechanism study by reemphasizing the vital role of extracellular matrix and cell-cell junction related pathways and helping the selection of suitable PC cell lines.
Assessment of HRQoL and its Determinants for Kidney Stone Formers in urological settings of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Zulnorain , Khan Ahmad , Mehmood Tahir , Malik Obaidullah , Khan Jallat , el-emir zein
Published: June 2022

BackgroundQuality of life is the central health-improving goal. Urolithiasis is a complex disease related to disease-related morbidity and consequently effecting patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The study aims to evaluate the HRQoL and markers of HRQoL of kidney stone formers using a disease-specific instrument. Methods HRQoL of kidney stone formers were compared with healthy individuals using Wisconsin stone quality of life (WISQoL) questionnaire. A prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted at different urological settings of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Result Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analysis depicted that compared with healthy individuals stone formers reported statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences in HRQoL in overall health and all the four domains of WISQoL i.e., social, emotional, disease impact and impact on vitality. Regression analysis evaluated that demographic factors, clinical features of the disease and surgical procedure for active removal of stone are major determinants of QoL for stone formers (p<0.05).Conclusion It was concluded that urolithiasis, its various disease related characteristics along with its management choices, is compromising patient’s quality of life in all major domains of health. WISQoL questionnaire was proved to be a reliable disease-specific instrument for the assessment of HRQoL of kidney stone patients.
Multiscale pentagon integrals to all orders
Authors: Canko Dhimiter , Papadopoulos Costas , Syrrakos Nikolaos
Published: June 2022

We present analytical results for one-loop five-point master integrals with up to three off-shell legs. The method of canonical differential equations along with the Simplified Differential Equations approach is employed. All necessary boundary terms are given in closed form, resulting to solutions in terms of Goncharov Polylogarithms of arbitrary weight. Explicit results up to weight six will be presented.
A differential-geometry approach to operator mixing in massless QCD-like theories and Poincaré-Dulac theorem
Authors: Becchetti Matteo
Published: June 2022

We review recent progress on operator mixing in the light of the
theory of canonical forms for linear systems of differential equations
and, in particular, of the Poincaré-Dulac theorem. We show that the
matrix A(g)=-\frac{\gamma(g)}{\beta(g)}=\frac{\gamma_0}{\beta_0}\frac{1}{g}+\cdotsA(g)=−γ(g)β(g)=γ0β01g+⋯ determines which different cases of operator
mixing can occur, and we review their classification. We derive a
sufficient condition for A(g)A(g)
to be set in the one-loop exact form A(g) = \frac{\gamma_0}{\beta_0}\frac{1}{g}A(g)=γ0β01g.
Finally, we discuss the consequences of the unitarity requirement in
massless QCD-like theories, and we demonstrate that
\gamma_0γ0
is always diagonalizable if the theory is conformal invariant and
unitary in its free limit at g =0g=0.