bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formal Analysis and Design of Supervisor and User Interface Allowing for Non-Deterministic Choices Using Weak Bi-Simulation
Authors: Khan Shazada Muhammad Umair , He Wenlong
Published: January 2018

In human machine systems, a user display should contain sufficient information to encapsulate expressive and normative human operator behavior. Failure in such system that is commanded by supervisor can be difficult to anticipate because of unexpected interactions between the different users and machines. Currently, most interfaces have non-deterministic choices at state of machine. Inspired by the theories of single user of an interface established on discrete event system, we present a formal model of multiple users, multiple machines, a supervisor and a supervisor machine. The syntax and semantics of these models are based on the system specification using timed automata that adheres to desirable specification properties conducive to solving the non-deterministic choices for usability properties of the supervisor and user interface. Further, the succinct interface developed by applying the weak bi-simulation relation, where large classes of potentially equivalent states are refined into a smaller one, enables the supervisor and user to perform specified task correctly. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to a model of a manufacturing system with several users interacting with their machines, a supervisor with several users and a supervisor with a supervisor machine to illustrate the design procedure of human–machine systems. The formal specification is validated by z-eves toolset.
Whole-Cell Biocatalyst for Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of Rivastigmine
Authors: Vitale Paola , Perna Filippo , Agrimi Gennaro , Pisano Isabella , Mirizzi Francesco , Capobianco Roberto , Capriati Vito
Published: January 2018

Biocatalytic processes are increasingly playing a key role in the development of sustainable asymmetric syntheses, which are central to pharmaceutical companies for the production of chiral enantiopure drugs. This work describes a simple and economically viable chemoenzymatic process for the production of (S)-rivastigmine, which is an important drug for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. The described protocol involves the R-regioselective bioreduction of an aromatic ketone by Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016 whole cells in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (37 °C, 24 h) as a key step. Biocatalytic performance of baker’s yeast whole cells in water and in aqueous eutectic mixtures have been evaluated and discussed as well. The route is scalable, environmentally friendly, and the target drug is obtained via four steps in overall 78% yield and 98% ee.
Power Control for Device-to-Device Communication with a Hybrid Relay Mode in Unequal Transmission Slots
Authors: Dun Hui , Ye Fang , Jiao Shuhong , Liu Dandan
Published: January 2018

Device-to-device (D2D) pairs are allowed to reuse the spectrum of cellular users who are in a good quality channel state with underlaying cellular network. However, cellular users usually suffer a poor performance in term of achievable rate when they are in a cell edge or in deep fading. To solve this problem, a hybrid relay-aided D2D communication scheme with a two-antenna infrastructure and using two unequal transmission slots is proposed in this paper. Different from the pure half-duplex and full-duplex D2D relay work, the hybrid-duplex relay mode that we propose enables the D2D relay to receive and transmit signals at the same time in the first time slot. Thus, it is similar to the full-duplex which could increase the spectrum efficiency. In addition, in the second time slot, the D2D relay will forward only the cellular user’s signals, thus avoiding the transmission of mixed signals which would deteriorate the system performance, similarly to the half-duplex mode. Moreover, by bringing in a slot splitting factor, the relay node in our hybrid-duplex mode is set to guarantee the matching of the transmission rate in two hops. We formulate the problem of maximizing the D2D transmission rate while guaranteeing in priority the minimum rate for the cellular user. By using the method of rate matching and linear programming, we deduce the expression of the slot splitting factor as well as the optimal power allocation for the base station and D2D relay, while guaranteeing the minimum rate requirement for the cellular user in a close form. The simulation results show that the proposed relay-based hybrid-duplex D2D scheme outperforms the existing half-duplex and full-duplex relay-based D2D communication schemes in term of achievable rate.
Towards a Generalized Beer-Lambert Law
Authors: Casasanta Giampietro , Garra Roberto
Published: January 2018

Anomalous deviations from the Beer-Lambert law have been observed for a long time in a wide range of application. Despite all the attempts, a reliable and accepted model has not been provided so far. In addition, in some cases the attenuation of radiation seems to follow a hyperbolic more than an exponential extinction law. Starting from a probabilistic interpretation of the Beer-Lambert law based on Poissonian distribution of extinction events, in this paper we consider deviations from the classical exponential extinction introducing a weighted version of the classical law. The generalized law is able to account for both sub or super-exponential extinction of radiation, and can be extended to the case of inhomogeneous media. Focusing on this case, we consider a generalized Beer-Lambert law based on an inhomogeneous weighted Poisson distribution involving a Mittag-Leffler function, and show how it can be directly related to hyperbolic decay laws observed in some applications particularly relevant to microbiology and pharmacology.
Near-Patient Sampling to Assist Infection Control—A Case Report and Discussion
Authors: Tang Julian , Hoyle Elizabeth , Moran Sammy , Pareek Manish
Published: January 2018

Air sampling as an aid to infection control is still in an experimental stage, as there is no consensus about which air samplers and pathogen detection methods should be used, and what thresholds of specific pathogens in specific exposed populations (staff, patients, or visitors) constitutes a true clinical risk. This case report used a button sampler, worn or held by staff or left free-standing in a fixed location, for environmental sampling around a child who was chronically infected by a respiratory adenovirus, to determine whether there was any risk of secondary adenovirus infection to the staff managing the patient. Despite multiple air samples taken on difference days, coinciding with high levels of adenovirus detectable in the child’s nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs), none of the air samples contained any detectable adenovirus DNA using a clinically validated diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Although highly sensitive, in-house PCR assays have been developed to detect airborne pathogen RNA/DNA, it is still unclear what level of specific pathogen RNA/DNA constitutes a true clinical risk. In this case, the absence of detectable airborne adenovirus DNA using a conventional diagnostic assay removed the requirement for staff to wear surgical masks and face visors when they entered the child’s room. No subsequent staff infections or outbreaks of adenovirus have so far been identified.
The Influence of Supportive and Ethical Work Environments on Work-Related Accidents, Injuries, and Serious Psychological Distress among Hospital Nurses
Authors: Tei-Tominaga Maki , Nakanishi Miharu
Published: January 2018

The healthcare industry in Japan has experienced many cases of work-related injuries, accidents, and workers’ compensation claims because of mental illness. This study examined the influence of supportive and ethical work environments on work-related accidents, injuries, and serious psychological distress among hospital nurses. Self-reported questionnaires were distributed to nurses (n = 1114) from 11 hospitals. Valid responses (n = 822, 93% women, mean age = 38.49 ± 10.09 years) were used for analyses. The questionnaire included items addressing basic attributes, work and organizational characteristics, social capital and ethical climate at the workplace, psychological distress, and experience of work-related accidents or injuries in the last half year. The final model of a multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that those who work less than 4 h of overtime per week (OR = 0.313), those who work on days off more than once per month (OR = 0.424), and an exclusive workplace climate (OR = 1.314) were significantly associated with work-related accidents or injuries. Additionally, an exclusive workplace climate (OR = 1.696) elevated the risk of serious psychological distress. To prevent work-related compensation cases, which are caused by these variables, strengthening hospitals’ occupational health and safety is necessary.
Estimating the Spatial Distribution of Crime Events around a Football Stadium from Georeferenced Tweets
Authors: Ristea Alina , Kurland Justin , Resch Bernd , Leitner Michael , Langford Chad
Published: January 2018

Crowd-based events, such as football matches, are considered generators of crime. Criminological research on the influence of football matches has consistently uncovered differences in spatial crime patterns, particularly in the areas around stadia. At the same time, social media data mining research on football matches shows a high volume of data created during football events. This study seeks to build on these two research streams by exploring the spatial relationship between crime events and nearby Twitter activity around a football stadium, and estimating the possible influence of tweets for explaining the presence or absence of crime in the area around a football stadium on match days. Aggregated hourly crime data and geotagged tweets for the same area around the stadium are analysed using exploratory and inferential methods. Spatial clustering, spatial statistics, text mining as well as a hurdle negative binomial logistic regression for spatiotemporal explanations are utilized in our analysis. Findings indicate a statistically significant spatial relationship between three crime types (criminal damage, theft and handling, and violence against the person) and tweet patterns, and that such a relationship can be used to explain future incidents of crime.
3D Visualization of Trees Based on a Sphere-Board Model
Authors: She Jiangfeng , Guo Xingchen , Tan Xin , Liu Jianlong
Published: January 2018

Because of the smooth interaction of tree systems, the billboard and crossed-plane techniques of image-based rendering (IBR) have been used for tree visualization for many years. However, both the billboard-based tree model (BBTM) and the crossed-plane tree model (CPTM) have several notable limitations; for example, they give an impression of slicing when viewed from the top side, and they produce an unimpressive stereoscopic effect and insufficient lighted effects. In this study, a sphere-board-based tree model (SBTM) is proposed to eliminate these defects and to improve the final visual effects. Compared with the BBTM or CPTM, the proposed SBTM uses one or more sphere-like 3D geometric surfaces covered with a virtual texture, which can present more details about the foliage than can 2D planes, to represent the 3D outline of a tree crown. However, the profile edge presented by a continuous surface is overly smooth and regular, and when used to delineate the outline of a tree crown, it makes the tree appear very unrealistic. To overcome this shortcoming and achieve a more natural final visual effect of the tree model, an additional process is applied to the edge of the surface profile. In addition, the SBTM can better support lighted effects because of its cubic geometrical features. Interactive visualization effects for a single tree and a grove are presented in a case study of Sabina chinensis. The results show that the SBTM can achieve a better compromise between realism and performance than can the BBTM or CPTM.
Design of a Programmable Passive SoC for Biomedical Applications Using RFID ISO 15693/NFC5 Interface
Authors: Bhattacharyya Mayukh , Gruenwald Waldemar , Jansen Dirk , Reindl Leonhard , Aghassi-Hagmann Jasmin
Published: January 2018

Low power, low cost inductively powered passive biotelemetry system involving fully customized RFID/NFC interface base SoC has gained popularity in the last decades. However, most of the SoCs developed are application specific and lacks either on-chip computational or sensor readout capability. In this paper, we present design details of a programmable passive SoC in compliance with ISO 15693/NFC5 standard for biomedical applications. The integrated system consists of a 32-bit microcontroller, a sensor readout circuit, a 12-bit SAR type ADC, 16 kB RAM, 16 kB ROM and other digital peripherals. The design is implemented in a 0.18 μ m CMOS technology and used a die area of 1.52 mm × 3.24 mm. The simulated maximum power consumption of the analog block is 592 μ W. The number of external components required by the SoC is limited to an external memory device, sensors, antenna and some passive components. The external memory device contains the application specific firmware. Based on the application, the firmware can be modified accordingly. The SoC design is suitable for medical implants to measure physiological parameters like temperature, pressure or ECG. As an application example, the authors have proposed a bioimplant to measure arterial blood pressure for patients suffering from Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD).
The Electronic Properties of O-Doped Pure and Sulfur Vacancy-Defect Monolayer WS2: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Wang Weidong , Bai Liwen , Yang Chenguang , Fan Kangqi , Xie Yong , Li Minglin
Published: January 2018

Based on the density functional theory (DFT), the electronic properties of O-doped pure and sulfur vacancy-defect monolayer WS2 are investigated by using the first-principles method. For the O-doped pure monolayer WS2, four sizes (2 × 2 × 1, 3 × 3 × 1, 4 × 4 × 1 and 5 × 5 × 1) of supercell are discussed to probe the effects of O doping concentration on the electronic structure. For the 2 × 2 × 1 supercell with 12.5% O doping concentration, the band gap of O-doped pure WS2 is reduced by 8.9% displaying an indirect band gap. The band gaps in 3 × 3 × 1 and 4 × 4 × 1 supercells are both opened to some extent, respectively, for 5.55% and 3.13% O doping concentrations, while the band gap in 5 × 5 × 1 supercell with 2.0% O doping concentration is quite close to that of the pure monolayer WS2. Then, two typical point defects, including sulfur single-vacancy (VS) and sulfur divacancy (V2S), are introduced to probe the influences of O doping on the electronic properties of WS2 monolayers. The observations from DFT calculations show that O doping can broaden the band gap of monolayer WS2 with VS defect to a certain degree, but weaken the band gap of monolayer WS2 with V2S defect. Doping O element into either pure or sulfur vacancy-defect monolayer WS2 cannot change their band gaps significantly, however, it still can be regarded as a potential method to slightly tune the electronic properties of monolayer WS2.
Two-Dimensional Layered Double Hydroxides for Reactions of Methanation and Methane Reforming in C1 Chemistry
Authors: Li Panpan , Yu Feng , Altaf Naveed , Zhu Mingyuan , Li Jiangbing , Dai Bin , Wang Qiang
Published: January 2018

CH4 as the paramount ingredient of natural gas plays an eminent role in C1 chemistry. CH4 catalytically converted to syngas is a significant route to transmute methane into high value-added chemicals. Moreover, the CO/CO2 methanation reaction is one of the potent technologies for CO2 valorization and the coal-derived natural gas production process. Due to the high thermal stability and high extent of dispersion of metallic particles, two-dimensional mixed metal oxides through calcined layered double hydroxides (LDHs) precursors are considered as the suitable supports or catalysts for both the reaction of methanation and methane reforming. The LDHs displayed compositional flexibility, small crystal sizes, high surface area and excellent basic properties. In this paper, we review previous works of LDHs applied in the reaction of both methanation and methane reforming, focus on the LDH-derived catalysts, which exhibit better catalytic performance and thermal stability than conventional catalysts prepared by impregnation method and also discuss the anti-coke ability and anti-sintering ability of LDH-derived catalysts. We believe that LDH-derived catalysts are promising materials in the heterogeneous catalytic field and provide new insight for the design of advance LDH-derived catalysts worthy of future research.
Viewpoint: A Contributory Role of Shell Ginger (Alpinia zerumbet) for Human Longevity in Okinawa, Japan?
Authors: Teschke Rolf , Xuan Tran Dang
Published: January 2018

The longevity of the population in the Okinawa Islands of Japan has been ascribed to genetic factors and the traditional Okinawa cuisine, which is low in calories and high in plant content. This diet includes shell ginger (Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm) of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). Due to its local popularity, Alpinia zerumbet has become the subject of a good deal of study at the University of the Ryukyus in Okinawa. Personal local experience and review of the literature now suggest that culinary shell ginger may contribute to longevity among the population in Okinawa. This is supported by its abundant phytochemical content, with antioxidant and anti-obesity properties. The major bioactive phytochemicals are dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain (DDK; 80–410 mg g−1 fresh weight), 5,6-dehydrokawain (DK; ≤100 mg g−1), and essential oils, phenols, phenolic acids, and fatty acids (≤150 mg g−1 each). Further, Alpinia zerumbet extends the lifespan in animals by 22.6%. In conclusion, culinary shell ginger may significantly contribute to human longevity in Okinawa.
Paper Electrodes Coated with Partially-Exfoliated Graphite and Polypyrrole for High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Leping , Rao Weida , Fan Lingling , Xu Jie , Bai Zikui , Xu Weilin , Bao Haifeng
Published: January 2018

Flexible paper electrodes for supercapacitors were prepared with partially-exfoliated graphite and polypyrrole as the active materials. Graphite was coated on paper with pencil drawing and then electrochemically exfoliated using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique to obtain the exfoliated graphite (EG)-coated paper (EG-paper). Polypyrrole (PPy) doped with β-naphthalene sulfonate anions was deposited on EG-paper through in-situ polymerization, leading to the formation of PPy-EG-paper. The as-prepared PPy-EG-paper showed a high electrical conductivity of 10.0 S·cm−1 and could be directly used as supercapacitor electrodes. The PPy-EG-paper electrodes gave a remarkably larger specific capacitance of 2148 F∙g−1 at a current density of 0.8 mA∙cm−2, compared to PPy-graphite-paper (848 F∙g−1). The capacitance value of PPy-EG-paper could be preserved by 80.4% after 1000 charge/discharge cycles. In addition, the PPy-EG-paper electrodes demonstrated a good rate capability and a high energy density of 110.3 Wh∙kg−1 at a power density of 121.9 W∙kg−1. This work will pave the way for the discovery of efficient paper-based electrode materials.
Disseminating Metaproteomic Informatics Capabilities and Knowledge Using the Galaxy-P Framework
Authors: Blank Clemens , Easterly Caleb , Gruening Bjoern , Johnson James , Kolmeder Carolin , Kumar Praveen , May Damon , Mehta Subina , Mesuere Bart , Brown Zachary , Elias Joshua , Hervey W. , McGowan Thomas , Muth Thilo , Nunn Brook , Rudney Joel , Tanca Alessandro , Griffin Timothy , Jagtap Pratik
Published: January 2018

The impact of microbial communities, also known as the microbiome, on human health and the environment is receiving increased attention. Studying translated gene products (proteins) and comparing metaproteomic profiles may elucidate how microbiomes respond to specific environmental stimuli, and interact with host organisms. Characterizing proteins expressed by a complex microbiome and interpreting their functional signature requires sophisticated informatics tools and workflows tailored to metaproteomics. Additionally, there is a need to disseminate these informatics resources to researchers undertaking metaproteomic studies, who could use them to make new and important discoveries in microbiome research. The Galaxy for proteomics platform (Galaxy-P) offers an open source, web-based bioinformatics platform for disseminating metaproteomics software and workflows. Within this platform, we have developed easily-accessible and documented metaproteomic software tools and workflows aimed at training researchers in their operation and disseminating the tools for more widespread use. The modular workflows encompass the core requirements of metaproteomic informatics: (a) database generation; (b) peptide spectral matching; (c) taxonomic analysis and (d) functional analysis. Much of the software available via the Galaxy-P platform was selected, packaged and deployed through an online metaproteomics “Contribution Fest“ undertaken by a unique consortium of expert software developers and users from the metaproteomics research community, who have co-authored this manuscript. These resources are documented on GitHub and freely available through the Galaxy Toolshed, as well as a publicly accessible metaproteomics gateway Galaxy instance. These documented workflows are well suited for the training of novice metaproteomics researchers, through online resources such as the Galaxy Training Network, as well as hands-on training workshops. Here, we describe the metaproteomics tools available within these Galaxy-based resources, as well as the process by which they were selected and implemented in our community-based work. We hope this description will increase access to and utilization of metaproteomics tools, as well as offer a framework for continued community-based development and dissemination of cutting edge metaproteomics software.
Ex-pulsion : de l’histoire de l’analyse profane et de l’analyste gay aux États-Unis
Authors: Nierenberg Ona , Muir Annie
Published: January 2018

Une des raisons les plus importantes pour lesquelles Freud dit de la médicalisation qu’elle représentait une des plus grandes résistances à la psychanalyse était sa conscience du fait que cette radicale nouvelle théorie de la sexualité humaine divergeait totalement de la conception médicale. Alors que pour la médecine, la sexualité humaine est considérée comme le fruit d’un instinct, un signe de la continuité entre les êtres humains et la nature, Freud découvrit une base singulièrement humaine à la sexualité, caractérisée par une rupture de l’ordre « naturel » des choses. Pour la psychanalyse, la pulsion marque l’impossibilité d’un réel biologique qui puisse fonctionner comme garantie du désir, de l’objet ou de la sexuation. L’histoire de la restriction de la pratique de la psychanalyse aux États-Unis aux médecins est inséparable de l’expulsion de ce concept fondamental par les néo-freudiens. Le remplacement de la pulsion par un retour à l’illusion préfreudienne de « nature » en tant que garantie de la sexualité humaine eut de terribles conséquences pour l’analyse profane ainsi que pour les analystes gays aux États-Unis.
Pas de souci
Authors: Hamad Nazir
Published: January 2018

Le travail de psychothérapie avec les adolescents pose des difficultés liées à la tendance de plus en plus confirmée de ces jeunes à abuser de l’alcool et de la drogue douce et parfois de la drogue dure. Cet excès dans la consommation des stupéfiants a pour effet de camoufler les signes classiques de la psychopathologie, ce qui rend tout diagnostic aléatoire. Leur pratique sexuelle de plus en plus précoce est marquée d’immaturité affective. Les jeunes et surtout les filles s’engagent avec des personnes des deux sexes généralement plus âgées et qui assument une sexualité adulte. Pour cette raison l’homosexualité que des jeunes affichent sans embarras reste une question ouverte.
Les coups battent la mesure
Authors: Lippi Silvia
Published: January 2018

Nous partirons du fantasme «  Ein Kind wird geschlagen » (« Un enfant est battu ») de Freud, et en particulier d’une intuition de Frédéric Vinot, qui note que le terme allemand «  schlagen » signifie littéralement « battre la mesure ». En considérant l’hypothèse que le fantasme est scandé par le rythme, nous analyserons l’influence du fantasme masochiste dans la psychose, en particulier dans les délires paranoïaques et érotomanes, et dans la mélancolie. Nous verrons comment, grâce à l’effet « esthétique » donné par le rythme, la mise en acte du fantasme « Un enfant est battu » peut devenir un symptôme de suppléance dans la psychose. Des exemples cliniques, et en particulier le cas de l’artiste Nan Goldin, viendront éclaircir notre propos.
Onan 4.0 : what else ?
Authors: Delcourt Thierry
Published: January 2018

L’évolution des mœurs et pratiques sexuelles suit-elle l’évolution des technologies ? La numérisation et la dématérialisation permettent une immersion dans le virtuel qui modifie la donne tant sur le plan de l’onanisme que dans notre rapport au réel et à la réalité. Quant à l’imaginaire et au rêve, ne sont-ils pas collapsés par ce tsunami numérique qui impose sa boucle virtuelle ?
Acteurs de la « politique française des villes nouvelles » et études à l’export
Authors: Orillard Clément
Published: January 2018

Très tôt, les acteurs de la politique française dite des villes nouvelles ont été mobilisés à l’étranger dans le cadre de missions d’appuis technique auprès d’acteurs locaux : l’Institut d’aménagement et d’urbanisme de la Région parisienne dès la fin des années soixante et les Etablissements publics d’aménagement des villes nouvelles à travers un groupement d’intérêt économique spécifique constitué au début des années quatre-vingt. Dans la poursuite d’une longue tradition d’importation d’expertise urbanistique française, une des premières destinations des missions de ces organismes est l’agglomération de Buenos Aires. Or, le caractère paradoxal des deux principales missions en Argentine au regard des caractéristiques de la politique française des villes nouvelles interroge tout autant ce qui peut réellement en être exporté que cette politique elle-même.
Tips and Trends to Start the New Year
Authors: Bleich Michael R.
Published: January 2018

With the New Year comes the opportunity to set goals and advance training and development opportunities for leaders. This article presents five tips and five trends that serve as prognosticators for the coming year, including tips to influence time management and leadership impact and trends, such as sexual harassment training and “soft” skills development, which are now core skills for team success. A shift from hierarchical structures to network- and relationship-centered webs for advanced problem solving is also projected.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(1):7–9.
Promoting Faculty Scholarship: A Clinical Faculty Scholars Program
Authors: Minnick Ann , Kleinpell Ruth , Norman Linda D.
Published: January 2018

Background:

The importance of supporting and promoting faculty scholarship in nursing is acknowledged, but the reality of scholarship for faculty engaged in clinical teaching can be challenging.

Method:

The article describes the development and initial results of the scholarly practice program. Mentorship, time, and limited funding are essentials for the program.

Results:

After submitting detailed proposals, 15 faculty were chosen to be project leaders in the first 2 years of the program, resulting in 15 presentations, three posters, 19 publications, and a webinar, to date. External continuing funding has been secured by three projects. Additional dissemination efforts are awaiting peer review.

Conclusion:

The program has successfully increased the level of scholarship among clinical teaching faculty and contributed to the faculty's professional satisfaction. Faculty have increased experience and ability to conduct clinical quality improvement. Experience supports targeted, substantial support for projects, rather than a general average faculty allocation strategy to promote scholarship. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(2):121–125.]
Horner Syndrome After Epidural Catheter Placement in a 4-Month-Old Child
Authors: Avila Andrea , Liu John , Kohen Maryo C.
Published: January 2018

Although there are reports of iatrogenic Horner syndrome in the adult population, pediatric cases are rare. The current report presents a case of acquired Horner syndrome that occurred after an epidural catheter was placed for pain control. Horner syndrome completely resolved after removing the catheter and no imaging or further work-up was necessary.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55:e1–e3.]
Mitomycin C in Filtering Surgery for Primary Congenital Glaucoma: A Comparison of Exposure Durations
Authors: Bayoumi Nader H.
Published: January 2018

Purpose:

To compare the effect of two exposure durations of mitomycin C in combined angle and filtering surgery for primary congenital glaucoma.

Methods:

This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology at Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, on 75 eyes with primary congenital glaucoma that underwent combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy with intraoperative mitomycin C application for 1 minute (MMC 1) or 2 minutes (MMC 2) and were followed up for 24 months. Success rates were studied and complications noted. Success was defined by a composite primary end point of an intraocular pressure (IOP) of less than 16 mm Hg under general anesthesia, without any IOP-lowering medications and with no hypotony-related complications and/or lack of IOP-related progression of the disease as evidenced by worsening of the ocular biometric characteristics.

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 6.7 ± 4.1 months (range: 2 to 16 months; median: 6 months) in the MMC 1 group (35 eyes) and 7.7 ± 5.7 months (range: 1 to 32 months; median: 6.5 months) in the MMC 2 group (40 eyes). The initial surgery was successful in 32 (91.5%) and 31 (77.5%) eyes in the MMC 1 and MMC 2 groups, respectively. The mean IOP was 18.4 ± 5.1 and 18.1 ± 6.1 mm Hg preoperatively and 5.5 ± 3.5 and 4.8 ± 2.8 mm Hg at the end of follow-up in the MMC 1 and MMC 2 groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical parameters between the two groups. Complications included cataracts in each group and hypotony optic disc edema in 3 eyes (7.5%) in the MMC 2 group.

Conclusions:

Both mitomycin C application durations were effective in combined trabeculotomy–trabeculectomy with mitomycin C for primary congenital glaucoma. The longer duration was not advantageous in disease control and there were no significant differences in complications.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(3):164–170.]
Unable to Speak: Selective Mutism in Youth
Authors: Smith-Schrandt Heather L. , Ellington Erin
Published: January 2018

It is important for psychiatric nurses to be familiar with the clinical presentation and recommended treatment for selective mutism (SM), as it is a childhood anxiety disorder that is not commonly studied. This article provides a brief overview of its diagnostic criteria, prevalence, assessment, and history. Special attention is given to misconceptions regarding the disorder and differentiation of trauma and oppositional disorders. Two vignettes illustrate varied presentations of SM, with and without comorbid social phobia. Empirically supported behavioral and psychopharmacological treatment is outlined, and considerations for nursing are provided. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(2), 14–18.]
Internal Hernia in Pregnant Woman after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Warsza Bogna , Richter Blazej Konrad
Published: January 2018

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass has become the most common obesity surgery procedure worldwide over the last two decades. Many patients undergoing the procedure are women of reproductive age. This carries a risk for developing gastric bypass-related complications during pregnancy. One of the potentially serious risks is an internal hernia. We present a patient in the third trimester of pregnancy with an internal hernia following a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. We discuss the importance of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of an internal hernia and review key CT findings including compression of the superior mesenteric vein, which proved to be crucial in diagnosing the internal hernia in this patient.
Wireline logging and distributed acoustic sensing VSP to characterize host rocks and alteration of porphyry deposits: preliminary results from the New Afton mine
Authors: Bellefleur G , Schetselaar E M , Wade D , White D
Published: January 2018

Wireline logs and vertical seismic profile (VSP) data were acquired in two boreholes intersecting the Cu-Au New Afton porphyry deposit located near Kamloops, British Columbia. The wireline logs and VSP data are components of an integrated geophysical imaging and
3D geological modelling study that aims to improve knowledge of the role of magmatic hydrothermal processes and structural controls in concentrating metals in porphyry deposits. Log data provide physical rock properties for the propylitic, phyllic, and potassic alteration zones. Both propylitic and
phyllic zones are characterized by a broad distribution of density and P-wave velocities whereas the feldspar-dominant potassic alteration zone has generally high velocities. The VSP survey was conducted with a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system that utilized fibre-optic cables cemented in
two boreholes at the New Afton mine. Fibre-optic cables comprised standard and ConstellationTM fibres in both straight and helically-wound configurations for comparison purposes. Seismic sources consisted of fifty shot points each loaded with one kilogram of pentolite explosive placed in a 20 m deep
shot hole. VSP data from both types of fibre show clear down going waves and reflections although signal-to-noise ratio is significantly higher on the ConstellationTM fibre-optic cable. A preliminary analysis of VSP data from one shot point shows reflections possibly associated with the potassic
zone and the picrite unit located just below the bottom of the borehole.
Controls on the distribution, style, composition and timing of the gold-bearing mineralized zones of the Horne 5 deposit, Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Quebec
Authors: Krushnisky A , Mercier-Langevin P , Ross P
-S , Goutier J , McNicoll V
J , Moore L , Pilote C , Bernier C
Published: January 2018

The gold-bearing Horne 5 VMS deposit is located in the Archean Blake River Group of the Abitibi greenstone belt. Hosted within steeply-dipping, north-facing felsic volcaniclastic units, the deposit is fault-bounded and within the boundaries of the Horne block.
Mineralization consists of a series of stacked massive to semi-massive sulphide lenses alternating with disseminated and stringer sulphide zones in coarse felsic volcaniclastic units which often contain massive sulphide clasts. Results from this study show: i) gold and silver are associated with a
sulphide assemblage composed dominantly of pyrite and lesser sphalerite, chalcopyrite and magnetite; ii) gold appears to be hosted in sulphide grains and electrum was only rarely observed as tiny blebs associated with remobilized chalcopyrite and near recrystallized pyrite grains, suggesting local
remobilization due to metamorphism and deformation; iii) gold-bearing mineralization is partly controlled by the primary permeability of the host volcanic units and formed mostly by replacement of the host rocks under the paleo-seafloor. The Horne 5 deposit represents an opportunity to better
understand ore-forming processes in large Archean synvolcanic gold systems.
Age relationships and preliminary U-Pb zircon geochronology results from the Lynn Lake Greenstone Belt
Authors: Lawley C J M , Schneider D , Yang E , Davis W J , Jackson S
E , Yang Z , Zhang S , Selby D
Published: January 2018

Evaluating the genetic link between gold, faulting and metamorphism remains a significant challenge at orogenic gold deposits in the absence of precise geochronological constraints with clear paragenetic context. Here we report new field observations and
preliminary U-Pb zircon age results from gold deposits hosted within the Paleoproterozoic Lynn Lake greenstone belt. New zircon ages from a faulted, hydrothermally altered and metamorphosed diorite sample intruding the southern edge of the past-producing open-pit constrain the timing of gold,
deformation and metamorphism at the Gordon gold deposit to ?1854 Ma. Auriferous veining thus significantly post-dates the age of the volcano-sedimentary host rocks, which are constrained to 1879 to 1892 Ma based on new zircon age dating from two granitic intrusions south of the Gordon gold deposit.
Gold thus clearly post-dates some of the earliest deformation events recognized in the La Ronge - Lynn Lake segments of the Trans-Hudson orogeny (ca. 1.87 Ga). The temporal relationship between gold, peak metamorphism and a major deformation phase at ca. 1.81 Ga will be the focus of ongoing Re-Os
pyrite and arsenopyrite geochronology of auriferous veins.
Detection of the Janus kinase 2 V617F mutation using a locked nucleic-acid, real-time polymerase chain reaction assay
Authors: Senamela Tshiphiri , Kock Marleen , Becker Piet , Potgieter Joachim J.C.
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop a real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the JAK2 V617F mutation that could be used in diagnostic laboratories. Sanger sequencing and a newly developed locked nucleic-acid, real-time PCR assay were used to detect the JAK2 V617F mutation. There was 100% agreement between the sequencing and PCR analysis. Both assays were able to detect the mutation in all 24 of the 60 test specimens harbouring the mutation.
Self-reported differences in oral health attitudes and behaviors of health-care students at a University in Malaysia
Authors: Ng Jia Ven , Noorani Tahir Yusuf , Abdul Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik , Moheet Imran Alam
Published: January 2018

Background: Oral health is a vital part of general health. An individual’s perception on oral health is reflected by their oral health attitudes and behaviors. Aim: To determine and compare the oral health attitudes and behaviors of dental, medical, and nursing students at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methods: A modified version of Hiroshima University– Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI)-based questionnaire consisting of 20 items was distributed to all health-care students (n = 1166) of USM. HU-DBI score was calculated using responses to 12 HU-DBI items in the questionnaire. HU-DBI scores of the three groups were compared using one-way ANOVA complemented by Bonferroni test. Scores among preclinical and clinical levels were compared using independent t-test. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in distribution of all items in the HU-DBI survey. Results: Dental students had the highest mean HU-DBI score (7.79 ± 1.58), followed by their nursing (6.99 ± 1.46) and medical (6.42 ± 1.58) counterparts. The mean HU-DBI score for all clinical students (7.04 ± 1.75) was significantly higher than those in their preclinical years (6.64 ± 1.56). Among the 12 HU-DBI items that were used to calculate the HU-DBI scores, items 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16 and 19 show significant difference between the distributions of responses within the 3 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dental students demonstrated better oral health attitudes. However, all our future health-care provider needs to have better attitudes toward oral health. Hence, comprehensive oral health awareness programs need to be incorporated to all health-care students throughout their study programs.
Convergence Analysis for a Three-Level Finite Difference Scheme of a Second Order Nonlinear ODE Blow-Up Problem
Authors: Cho Chien-Hong , Liu Chun-Yi
Published: January 2018

We consider the second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation u″ (t) = u1+α (α > 0) with positive initial data u(0) = a0, u′(0) = a1, whose solution becomes unbounded in a finite time T. The finite time T is called the blow-up time. Since finite difference schemes with uniform meshes can not reproduce such a phenomenon well, adaptively-defined grids are applied. Convergence with mesh sizes of certain smallness has been considered before. However, more iterations are required to obtain an approximate blow-up time if smaller meshes are applied. As a consequence, we consider in this paper a finite difference scheme with a rather larger grid size and show the convergence of the numerical solution and the numerical blow-up time. Application to the nonlinear wave equation is also discussed.
Long-term (2001–2012) trends of carbonaceous aerosols from a remote island in the western North Pacific: an outflow region of Asian pollutants
Authors: Boreddy Suresh K. R. , Haque M. Mozammel , Kawamura Kimitaka
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The present study reports on long-term trends of carbonaceous aerosols in total suspended particulate (TSP) samples collected at Chichijima in the western North Pacific during 2001–2012. Seasonal variations of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) concentrations showed maxima in winter to spring and minima in summer. These seasonal differences in the concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols were associated with the outflows of polluted air masses from East Asia, which are clearly distinguishable from pristine air masses from the central Pacific. The higher concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols during winter to spring are associated with long-range atmospheric transport of East Asian continental polluted air masses, whereas lower concentrations may be due to pristine air masses from the central Pacific in summer. The annual trends of OC ∕ EC (+0.46 % yr−1), WSOC (+0.18 % yr−1) and WSOC ∕ OC (+0.08 % yr−1) showed significant (p  <  0.05) increases during the period of 2001–2012, suggesting that photochemical formation of WSOC and its contributions to secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) have increased over the western North Pacific via long-range atmospheric transport. We found a significant increase (+0.33 % yr−1) in nss-K+ ∕ EC ratios, demonstrating that concentrations of biomass-burning-derived carbonaceous aerosols have increased, while those of primary fossil-fuel-derived aerosols have decreased over the western North Pacific. Further, secondary biogenic emissions are also important over the western North Pacific as inferred from a significant increase (+0.14 % yr−1) in the concentrations of methanesulfonate (MSA−, a tracer for biogenic sources). This point was further supported by a moderate correlation (r = 0.40) between WSOC and MSA−. We also found a significant increase in OC ∕ TC (total carbon) and WSOC ∕ TC ratios, further suggesting that photochemical formation of WSOC and its contributions to SOAs have increased over the western North Pacific during 2001–2012 via long-range atmospheric transport from East Asia.
“Refugees Welcome”; una aproximación al Trabajo Social con refugiados desde el modelo de intervención en crisis.
Authors: Sánchez Nimo Silvana María
Published: January 2018

Así como el refugio no se percibe como una realidad contemporánea, la oleada masiva de personas refugiadas a las costas griegas en el último año ha ratificado la necesidad de plantear modelos o pautas de intervención acordes a esta problemática. El presente artículo pretende analizar la realidad de las personas refugiadas desde una óptica jurídica y psicosocial, así como aquellos instrumentos jurídicos a nivel nacional e internacional con el objetivo de proponer una intervención social, desde el modelo de intervención en crisis, con personas refugiadas basada en el enfrentamiento y superación de la crisis que supone el exilio y refugio para este colectivo.
El racismo y su proyección actual: ¿un fenómeno nuevo o un problema sin resolver?
Authors: Casáus Arzú Marta Elena
Published: January 2018

El racismo es un fenómeno que en tiempos de bienestar se considera superado, o por lo menos se ha sido sustituido por otros términos más débiles, como son los de discriminación y exclusión. Resulta difícil de creer que la corriente hegemónica y la ideología racista desaparecieran ya en el siglo XX. Lo que sucede es su transformación en función de la coyuntura política, el contexto histórico y la crisis de dominación. La figura del bárbaro, como se califica al Otro, sufre una metamorfosis, asume diferentes tópicos y estereotipos, y atañe a una pluralidad de sujetos que se añade a los anteriores. Se mantiene la dicotomía civilización o barbarie en esencia: la civilización corresponde siempre a Occidente y la “raza blanca”, y la barbarie al Otro; valorándose con esta perspectiva y juzgándose de este modo las demás cultura. Se aplica así una escala jerárquica de subniveles de barbarie (y también de civilización). Este ensayo es un análisis, una interpretación y discusión teórica fundamentada en diversos autores europeos y americanos y sobre ellos se formulan algunos juicios valorativos que indican la mirada desde la que se plantean y los hechos que los sustentan, siendo de gran interés para comprender y mejorar la intervención conn aquellas profesiones que trabajan con minorías étnicas autóctonas o extranjeras.
El Trabajo Social y la transdisciplinariedad: retos para estudiar migración transnacional, comunidad y comunicación
Authors: Chávez Torres Guillermina
Published: January 2018

El objetivo del artículo es reflexionar sobre la configuración de una comunidad en un contexto de migración transnacional y las potencialidades que puede tener para estudiar la realidad social que se construye entre el lugar de origen y de destino. Utilizando un marco teórico multidisciplinar, con categorías como relaciones socioculturales transnacionales, interacción comunicativa y sentido de comunidad, se obtienen resultados de investigación que pueden derivar en formas novedosas de intervención. Estos resultados permiten situar a Trabajo Social en una realidad que se deriva de las migraciones internacionales en el contexto de la globalización y de los avances en las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC).
¿La política migratoria actual y la desigualdad económica fomentan las redes de trata de seres humanos?: El contexto nigeriano. Una mirada desde el Trabajo Social
Authors: García de Diego María J.
Published: January 2018

El objetivo del artículo es reflexionar sobre las migraciones internacionales y la política migratoria actual desarrollada en España, en conexión con las desigualdades económicas y otros impulsores de las migraciones, en un contexto concreto, como es el nigeriano. Repensar desde un enfoque de género y desde la mirada del Trabajo Social, para preguntarnos si las redes de trata pueden estar convirtiéndose en una alternativa para las mujeres nigerianas, a pesar de la posterior explotación. Dicho artículo nace de las reflexiones a las que he podido llegar tras algunas de las conclusiones mi tesis doctoral.