bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOSYAL MEDYAYA ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM: EKONOMİK VE SİYASİ BİR GÜÇ OLARAK SOSYAL MEDYA
Authors: ŞAHİN Zeynep Burcu
Published: August 2021

Sosyal medya, toplumda azınlıkta kalan düşüncelerin ifade edilmesi, yayılması; bilgiye kolay, hızlı ulaşım ve katılımcı kültürün oluşturulması gibi beklenen ve umulan faydaların yanında yarattığı ekonomik, siyasi ve toplumsal değişim ve dönüşümler nedeniyle de tartışılmaktadır. Sosyal medya alanları, farklı ideoloji ve düşünceye sahip insanların, karşılaştığı, gruplaştığı, çatıştığı ya da uzlaştığı kamusal bir alan olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ancak bu alanlar aynı zamanda serbest piyasada faaliyet gösteren birer ticari işletmenin mülkiyetindedir ve esas olarak kâr amacı güderler. Kullanıcılarına kendi kullanım şartları çerçevesinde bilgi, özgürlük ve içerik oluşturma vb. hakları veren bu kurumlar, sahip oldukları bu güçle aynı zamanda birer ekonomik erk konumundadırlar. Bu noktada sosyal medya platformlarının uyguladığı kullanım kuralları, denetim mekanizmaları ve yaptırımlarının görece zayıf birer uluslararası hukuk kuralı kisvesine büründüğünü ve hatta politik bir boyut kazandığını söylemek de mümkündür. Küresel anlamda ekonomik ve siyasi birer aktör haline gelen sosyal medya platformlarının sahip oldukları bu gücün kötüye kullanımlarının engellenmesi adına yasal düzenlemelerin de uluslararası boyutta ele alınması ve kullanıcı içerikleri ve kişisel verilerin işlenmesi üzerinden güç kazanan sosyal medya şirketlerinin temel hak ve özgürlükler çerçevesinde denetimlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi de önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal medya platformlarının ekonomik, siyasi ve toplumsal boyutlarıyla incelenmesi suretiyle sosyal medyaya eleştirel bir perspektiften bakmaktır.
ANALISIS PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, KUALITAS AUDITOR, PROFITABILITAS, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP OPINI GOING CONCERN PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA YANG TERCATAT DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2016-2018
Authors: Simanjuntak Daniel Nicson
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of company size, auditor’s quality, profitability and liquidity on going concern opinion of the service companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period of 2016 to 2018.

This study is a quantitative research with causal comparative method and used secondary data. The population in this study covers all sectors of the service companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange which amounted 417 companies. There are 33 (thirty three) companies used as samples in this study, with the purposive sampling as the sampling technique and logistic regression for the data analysis.

The results of this study indicates that auditor’s quality and liquidity have negative effect and significant on acceptance of going concern opinion with the significance level are 0,014 and 0,010. Meanwhile, company size has positive effect but not significant and profitability has negative effect but not significant to the acceptance of going concern opinion with the significance level are 0,555 and 0,431. And simultaneously independent variables such as company size, auditor’s quality, profitability, and liquidity are all having significant affect on dependent variable which is going concern opinion with the significance level of 88% with the rest of 12% affected by other variables apart from the research.
Viktor Pelevin’in Omon Ra adlı romanına heterotopolojik bir yaklaşım
Authors: Yılmaz Halil , Yıldırım Arif
Published: August 2021

Viktor Pelevin’in 1992 yılında yayımlanan ilk romanı Omon Ra’nın Michel Foucault’nun heterotopya kuramı üzerinden ele alınması bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Esere böylesine bir yönden bakmakla eserde heterotopyalara rastlanıp rastlanılmayacağını saptamak amaçlanmaktadır. Böylelikle eserin farklı bir bakış açısından okunmasına katkı sağlamak da çalışmanın amaçları arasında yer alır. Bu türden bir çalışmayı yürütmek eseri farklı bir perspektiften yorumlamayı mümkün kılmasının yanı sıra Viktor Pelevin’in edebi yaratıcılığında sıklıkla rastlanılabilen kapalı mekânlarda oluşan kendine dönme, kendini sorgulama sonucunda meydana gelen direnç durumlarının belli ögeler üzerinden aktarıldığını görmeyi de mümkün kılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amaçları doğrultusunda Michel Foucault tarafından 1967’de kaleme alınıp içerisinde heterotopya ve heterotopolojinin tanımlandığı Başka Mekânlara Dair adlı metin çalışmanın rehberi olarak kabul edilip romanın bu kuram üzerinden incelenmesi çalışmanın yöntemi olarak belirlenmiştir. Heterotopya daha çok dış mekânı ilgilendiren bir kavram olsa da metin içerisinde geçişi sağlayan düşüncelerin iç mekânda geçtiği göz önünde bulundurularak iç mekân bileşenlerinin çözümlenmesi yöntemine de başvurulmaktadır. Yürütülen çalışmada romanın belli kısımlarında tekrar eden gastronomik ögelerin mekânsal geçişi tetiklediği, mekânsal geçişin gerçekleştiği yerlerin de askeri okullar olduğu görülmüş, askeri okulların metin içerisinde Sovyet ideolojisine hizmet etme, belirli ritüellere sahip olma gibi göz önünde olan heterotopolojik özelliklerinden ziyade esasen geçişin yaşandığı heterotopyalar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Genişletilmiş Alternatif Bir Kompulsif Satın Alma Davranışı Ölçme Aracı Önerisi
Authors: BALTACI Alişan , ESER Zeliha
Published: August 2021

An Extended Alternative Compulsive Buying Behavior Assessment Tool Proposal This research aims to combine the two primarily used scales to measure compulsive buying behavior to achieve a broader-based measuring instrument. After applying the combined scale on 776 attendants, a reliability test and factor analysis have been conducted on the collected data. Five dimensions have been obtained by the factor analysis, and this structure has been tested by confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the extended measuring instrument has been constituted, with 25 questions, five dimensions, and a high-reliability score of Cronbach’s Alpha. Keywords: Compulsive buying behavior, scale, consumer behavior, structural equation modeling
Effect of the ratio ZnO : ZrO2 on the photocatalytic ability of phenol degradation in ZnO-ZrO2 nanocompsite materials
Authors: Pham Thi Minh Thao  , Do Thi Huong  , Le Thi Hong Hai
Published: August 2021

The ZnO-ZrO2 nanocompsite materials in the molar ratio (1:0; 1:1; 1:2; 2:1; 3:4; 4:3; 0:1) were prepared by a two-stage precipitation method with ultrasonic vibrations. The obtained ZnO-ZrO2 materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-vis. XRD data identified phase of the ZnO and phase of ZrO2 in all obtained samples. The average crystallite size of the samples was between 18 to 30 nm. As UV-Vis spectra, the band gap of ZnO-ZrO2 composite (ZZ34R) is 3,06eV. The photocatalytic reactions confirmed that the nanocomposite sample showed higher photocatalytic activity than the pure oxides samples for the degradation phenol under 100W incandescent lamp. Among the prepared samples, the best sample for photocatalytic degration of phenol is the ZZ34R which the molar ratio ZnO:ZrO2 = 3:4 with 23% remaining phenol content after 300 minutes. The photodegradation phenol of sample with ultrasonic vibrations is higher than the sample without ultrasonic vibrations. This indicates that the materials are capable of treating phenol in wastewater.
Photodegradation of Synozol Red HF-6BN on g-C3N4/Halloysite nanocomposites
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoa  , Xuan Nui Pham
Published: August 2021

In the research, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized using modified halloysite via a calcination method. The improvement of photocatalytic activity mainly benefits from the reduced e-/h+ pairs recombination rate, the improved electron separation yield. The photocatalytic activity of nanocomposite was evaluated through the Synozol red HF-6BN dye degradation, the degradation efficiency approached 99% after 30 mins irradiation under the solar light, and the performance is slightly reduced to 94 % after three consecutive tests. These results have demonstrated an effective method to synthesize g-C3N4 photocatalysts with nanostructures using crude clay minerals.
The involvement of parents in the implementation of Curriculum 21 in a rural KwaZulu-Natal primary school : a case study
Authors:   , Biyela Phiwayinkosi Manqoba
Published: August 2021

The introduction of Curriculum 21 in South Africa in 1998 has brought with it added responsibilities for parents. According to the South African Schools' Act, No.84 (1996), parents have been granted powers to "support teachers in the performance of their task "and "determine subject choices" for their children. However, when Curriculum 21 was introduced in 1998, relevant programmes for introducing parents to these ideas dia not exist. According to Schlebusch and Spady (1999) family, home, identity and respect are important features of Curriculum 21 and only parents can create the best conditions for the academic development of their children. Therefore, the involvement of parents in the education of their children is vital. This dissertation is a case study of a rural KwaZulu- Natal public school, Hopewell Primary School, in which a pilot study of a programme to introduce parents to their responsibilities in the implementation of Curriculum 21, was first introduced.
The use of abstraction by Bill Ainslie and David Koloane
Authors:   , Anderson Vanessa
Published: August 2021

The financial assistance of the Centre for Science Development (HSRC, South Africa) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the Centre for Science Development.
OMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKALI AND FUNGAL TREATED MUSA PARADISIACA L. FIBER
Authors: K. Gajalakshmi , K. Dhivya
Published: August 2021

The current study deals with the investigation on the properties of lignocellulose fibre from the stem of Musa paradisiaca L. The Musa paradisiaca L. fibres were extracted from its pseudo stem by mechanical process. The extracted fibres were treated with five different concentrations of NaOH and two different fungal cultures (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus cereus). The treated fibres were analysed for physical, chemical and mechanical properties as per standard procedure with raw banana fibre. From the chemical investigation, lignin content of the Raw Banana fibre (15.98%) was decreased in the fibre treated with 25% of NaOH (13.56%), Aspergillus niger (11.40%) and Aspergillus cereus (12.54%). Mechanical properties of treated fibre were shows progressive results in comparison with raw banana fibre. In conclusion, the investigation proved that banana fibre treatment with the NaOH and Aspergillus spp has a significant effect on the physiochemical properties
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS MEDIA AND NUTRIENT SOURCES ON ALTERNARIA SOLANI CAUSE EARLY BLIGHT DISEASE IN TOMATO
Authors: Rex B. , Rajasekar G.
Published: August 2021

Early blight of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) incited by Alternaria solani is highly destructive causing yield loss up to 78 per cent. The fungus was tested with different media along with the host extract and different nutrient sources for their growth and development in in vitro. Twelve different media were tested on the growth of A. solani, among them potato dextrose agar + host leaf extract recorded maximum radial mycelial growth of A. solani (89.57mm) and potato dextrose broth + leaf extract has maximum mycelial dry weight (613mg). Six carbon and nitrogen sources amended media were tested. Among carbon sources, glucose recorded maximum radial mycelial growth (74.65mm) and mycelia dry weight (709.17mg). Among the nitrogen sources, ammonium nitrate has the enhanced the radial mycelail growth (84.56 mm) and high mycelial dry weigh (654.27mg). This study will be helpful for further investigations on the physiology of the fungus and management of the disease.
Legal Assistance For Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises Of Taro Chips In Tambakan Village,Blitar Regency, East Java Indonesia
Authors: Hervina Puspitosari  , Lilik Suprianti  , Alfian Chandra Ayuswantana
Published: August 2021

The importance of community empowerment and assistance in improving the quality of Human Resources, including infrastructure facilities to support business activities. MSMEs are a great opportunity to develop businesses, especially during the Covid 19 pandemic where there are many layoffs or a decrease in labor wages. Creative ideas, as well as expertise and skill, are very important in developing MSMEs. Chips are very practical because they are dry so they are more durable and easy to serve anytime. Chips are one type of snack product that is widely consumed and favored by the community so that it becomes a great opportunity in developing a taro chips business, one of which has great potential in earning income and improving the welfare of the people of Tambakan village, Blitar Regency. Through legality assistance activities, it is hoped that the community can start processing Home Industry Food Production Permits (PIRT). The legality of taro chips SMEs business actors can certainly increase their productivity because consumers feel safe with the products they consume so that it fosters consumer confidence which in turn can increase consumer purchasing power and is expected to be marketed outside the region. The taro chips product developed by partners that were previously only marketed in local villages with permits and existing brands is expected to continue to grow and increase the income of the local village community
A fully automated Dobson sun spectrophotometer for total column ozone and Umkehr measurements
Authors: Stübi René , Schill Herbert , Klausen Jörg , Maillard Barras Eliane , Haefele Alexander
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The longest ozone column measurement series are based on the Dobson sun spectrophotometers developed in the 1920s by Prof. G. B. W. Dobson​​​​​​​. These ingenious and robustly designed instruments still constitute an important part of the global network presently. However, the Dobson sun spectrophotometer requires manual operation, which has led to the discontinuation of its use at many stations, thus disrupting long-term records of observation. To overcome this problem, MeteoSwiss developed a fully automated version of the Dobson spectrophotometer. The description of the data acquisition and automated control of the instrument is presented here with some technical details. The results of different tests performed regularly to assess the instrument's good working conditions are illustrated and discussed. Compared to manual operation, automation results in a higher number of daily measurements with lower random error and additional housekeeping information to characterize the measuring conditions. The automated Dobson instrument allows for continuous observation of the ozone column with a resolution of ∼ 1 DU under clear-sky conditions.
Thirty-eight years of CO2 fertilization have outpaced growing aridity to drive greening of Australian woody ecosystems
Authors: Rifai Sami W. , De Kauwe Martin G. , Ukkola Anna M. , Cernusak Lucas A. , Meir Patrick , Medlyn Belinda E. , Pitman Andy J.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Climate change is projected to increase the imbalance between the supply (precipitation) and atmospheric demand for water (i.e. increased potential evapotranspiration), stressing plants in water-limited environments. Plants may be able to offset increasing aridity because rising CO2 increases water-use-efficiency. CO2 fertilization has also been cited as one of the drivers of the widespread ‘greening’ phenomenon. However, attributing the size of this CO2 fertilization effect is complicated, due in part to a lack of long-term vegetation monitoring and interannual to decadal-scale climate variability. In this study we asked the question, how much has CO2 contributed towards greening? We focused our analysis on a broad aridity gradient spanning eastern Australia’s woody ecosystems. Next we analysed 38-years of satellite remote sensing estimates of vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) to examine the role of CO2 in ameliorating climate change impacts. Multiple statistical techniques were applied to separate the CO2-attributable effects on greening from the changes in water supply and atmospheric aridity. Widespread vegetation greening occurred despite a warming climate, increases in vapor pressure deficit, and repeated record-breaking droughts and heatwaves. Between 1982–2019 we found that NDVI increased (median 11.3 %) across 90.5 % of the woody regions. After masking disturbance effects (e.g. fire), we statistically estimated an 11.7 % increase in NDVI attributable to CO2, broadly consistent with a hypothesized theoretical expectation of an 8.6 % increase in water-use-efficiency due to rising CO2. In contrast to reports of a weakening CO2 fertilization effect, we found no consistent temporal change in the CO2 effect. We conclude rising CO2 has mitigated the effects of increasing aridity, repeated record-breaking droughts, and record-breaking heat waves in eastern Australia. However, we were unable to determine whether trees or grasses were the primary beneficiary of the CO2 induced change in water-use-efficiency, which has implications for projecting future ecosystem resilience. A more complete understanding of how CO2 induced changes in water-use-efficiency affect trees and non-tree vegetation is needed.
Homogenized century-long surface incident solar radiation over Japan
Authors: Ma Qian , Wang Kaicun , He Yanyi , Su Liangyuan , Wu Qizhong , Liu Han , Zhang Youren
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Surface incident solar radiation (Rs) plays an essential role in climate change on Earth. Rs can be directly measured, and it shows substantial variability, i.e., global dimming and brightening, on decadal scales. Rs can also be derived from the observed sunshine duration (SunDu) with reliable accuracy. The SunDu-derived Rs was used as a reference to detect and adjust the inhomogeneity in the observed Rs. However, both the observed Rs and SunDu-derived Rs may have inhomogeneity. In Japan, SunDu has been measured since 1890, and Rs has been measured since 1961 at ~100 stations. In this study, the observed Rs and SunDu-derived Rs were first checked for inhomogeneity with a statistical software RHtest. If confirmed by the metadata of these observations, the detected inhomogeneity was adjusted based on the RHtest-quantile matching method. Second, the two homogenized time series were compared to detect further possible inhomogeneity. If confirmed by the independent ground-based observations of cloud cover fraction, the detected inhomogeneity was adjusted based on the reference dataset. As a result, a sharp decrease in the observed Rs from 1961 to 1975 caused by instrument displacement was detected and adjusted. Similarly, a gradual decline in SunDu-derived Rs due to steady instrument replacement from 1985 to 1990 was detected and adjusted. After homogenization, the two estimates agree well. Rs was found to have increased at a rate of 0.9 W m−2 per decade (p < 0.01) from 1961 to 2015 based on the homogenized SunDu-derived Rs, which was enhanced by a positive aerosol-related radiative effect (2.2 W m−2 per decade) and diminished by a negative cloud cover radiative effect (−1.4 W m−2 per decade). The brightening over Japan was the strongest in spring, likely due to a significant decline in aerosol transported from Asian dust storms. The observed raw Rs data and their homogenized time series used in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Meteoro.tpdc.271524 (Ma et al., 2021).
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: Corr Diarmuid , Leeson Amber , McMillan Malcolm , Zhang Ce , Barnes Thomas
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Quantifying the extent and distribution of supraglacial hydrology, i.e. lakes and streams, is important for understanding the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet, and its consequent contribution to global sea level rise. The existence of meltwater on the ice surface has the potential to affect ice shelf stability and grounded ice flow, through hydrofracturing and the associated delivery of meltwater to the bed. In this study, we systematically map all observable supraglacial lakes and streams in West Antarctica, by applying a semi-automated Dual-NDWI (Normalised Difference Water Index) approach to > 2000 images acquired by the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites during January 2017. We use a K-Means clustering method to partition water into lakes and streams, which is important for understanding the dynamics and inter-connectivity of the hydrological system. When compared to a manually-delineated reference dataset on three Antarctic test sites, our approach achieves average values for sensitivity (85.3 % and 77.6 %), specificity (99.1 % and 99.7 %) and accuracy (98.7 % and 98.3 %) for Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 acquisitions, respectively. In total, we identified 10,478 supraglacial features (10,223 lakes and 255 channels) on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and Antarctic Peninsula (AP), with a combined area of 119.4 km2 (114.7 km2 lakes, 4.7 km2 channels). 27.3 % of feature area was found on grounded ice, 17.8 % of feature area comprised lakes which crossed the grounding line, while 54.9 % of feature area was found on floating ice shelves. New continental-scale inventories such as these, the first produced for WAIS and AP, are made possible by the recent expansion in satellite data provision. The inventories provide a baseline for future studies and a benchmark to monitor the development of Antarctica’s surface hydrology in a warming world, and thus enhance our capability to predict the collapse of ice shelves in the future. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109856 (Corr et al., 2021).
A method for predicting hydrogen and oxygen isotope distributions across a region's river network using reach-scale environmental attributes
Authors: Dudley Bruce , Yang Jing , Shankar Ude , Graham Scott
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Stable isotope ratio measurements (isotope values) of surface water provide information on hydrological processes and can be used to determine provenance of hydrogen and oxygen stored in animal and plant tissues. Development of maps of the distribution of isotope values (isoscapes) for river networks is limited by methods to interpolate point measures to values for the entire network. Isotope values of precipitation and environmental characteristics that drive fractionation processes within the catchment also affect downstream reaches via flow. Many environmental characteristics, such as man-made dams, are no more likely to affect nearby unconnected reaches than distant ones. Hence, distance-based geospatial and statistical interpolation methods used to develop isoscapes for precipitation and terrestrial systems are less appropriate for river networks. We used a water balance-based method, which represents patterns of surface flow and mixing, and added a regression-based correction step using catchment environmental predictors. We applied this method across the river network of New Zealand, comprising over 600,000 reaches and over 400,000 kilometres of rivers. Inputs to the model are national rainfall precipitation isoscapes, a digital elevation layer, a national river water isotope monitoring dataset (3 years of monthly sampling at 58 sites) and reach scale river environmental databases across the New Zealand river network. δ2H and δ18O isoscapes produced using this regression-based kriging method showed improved fit to validation data, compared to a model for which residuals were applied as a correction factor across the river network using ordinary kriging. The resulting river water isoscapes have potential applications in ecology, hydrology and provenance studies for which understanding of spatial variation between precipitation and surface water isotope values are required.
Ecohydrological travel times derived from in situ stable water isotope measurements in trees during a semi-controlled pot experiment
Authors: Mennekes David , Rinderer Michael , Seeger Stefan , Orlowski Natalie
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Tree water uptake processes and ecohydrological travel times have gained more attention in recent ecohydrological studies. In situ measurement techniques for stable water isotopes offer great potential to investigate these processes but have not been applied much to tree xylem and soils so far. Here, we used in situ probes for stable water isotope measurements to monitor the isotopic signatures of soil and tree xylem water before and after two deuterium-labeled irrigation experiments. To show the potential of the method, we tested our measurement approach with 20-year-old trees of three different species (Pinus pinea, Alnus incana and Quercus suber). They were planted in large pots with homogeneous soil in order to have semi-controlled experimental conditions. Additional destructive sampling of soil and plant material allowed for a comparison between destructive (cryogenic vacuum extraction and direct water vapor equilibration) and in situ isotope measurements. Furthermore, isotope-tracer-based ecohydrological travel times were compared to travel times derived from sap flow measurements. The time to first arrival of the isotope tracer signals at 15 cm stem hight were ca. 17 h for all tree species and matched well with sap-flow-based travel times. However, at 150 cm stem height tracer-based travel times differed between tree species and ranged between 2.4 and 3.3 d. Sap-flow-based travel times at 150 cm stem hight were ca. 1.3 d longer than tracer-based travel times. The isotope signature of destructive and in situ isotope measurements differed notably, which suggests that the two types of techniques sampled water from different pools. In situ measurements of soil and xylem water were much more consistent between the three tree pots (on average standard deviations were smaller by 8.4 ‰ for δ2H and by 1.6 ‰ for δ18O for the in situ measurements) and also among the measurements from the same tree pot in comparison to the destructive methods (on average standard deviations were smaller by 7.8 ‰ and 1.6 ‰ for δ2H and δ18O, respectively). Our study demonstrates the potential of semi-controlled large-scale pot experiments and very frequent in situ isotope measurements for monitoring tree water uptake and ecohydrological travel times. It also shows that differences in sampling techniques or sensor types need to be considered when comparing results of different studies and within one study using different methods.
Towards accurate quantification of ice content in permafrost of the Central Andes, part I: geophysics-based estimates from three different regions
Authors: Hilbich Christin , Hauck Christian , Mollaret Coline , Wainstein Pablo , Arenson Lukas U.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In view of the increasing water scarcity in the Central Andes in response to ongoing climate change, the significance of permafrost occurrences for the hydrological cycle is currently being discussed in a controversial way. The lack of comprehensive field measurements and quantitative data on the local variability of internal structure and ground ice content further enhances the situation. We present field-based data from six extensive geophysical campaigns completed since 2016 in three different high-altitude regions of the Central Andes of Chile and Argentina (28 to 32° S). Our data cover various permafrost landforms ranging from ice-poor bedrock to ice-rich rock glaciers and are complemented by ground truthing information from boreholes and numerous test pits near the geophysical profiles. In addition to determining the thickness of the potential ice-rich layers from the individual profiles, we also use the quantitative 4-phase model to estimate the volumetric ground ice content in representative zones of the geophysical profiles. The analysis of 52 geoelectrical and 24 refraction seismic profiles within this study confirmed that ice-rich permafrost is not restricted to rock glaciers, but is also observed in non-rock-glacier permafrost slopes in the form of interstitial ice as well as layers with excess ice, resulting in substantial ice contents. Consequently, non-rock glacier permafrost landforms, whose role for local hydrology has so far not been considered in remote-sensing based approaches, may be similarly relevant in terms of ground ice content on a catchment scale and should not be ignored when quantifying the potential hydrological significance of permafrost. We state that geophysics-based estimates on ground ice content allow for more accurate assessments than purely remote-sensing-based approaches. The geophysical data can then be further used in upscaling studies to the catchment scale in order to reliably estimate the hydrological significance of permafrost within a catchment.
Edmodo as An Online Instructional Delivery Technique for Sustaining Teaching and Learning Activities in Covid-19 Era in Public Universities in North-Central, Nigeria
Authors: Olofu Martin Afen , Olofu Paul Agbade
Published: August 2021

This study centered on Edmodo as an online instructional delivery technique for sustaining teaching and learning activities in covid-19 era in public universities in North-Central, Nigeria. The study was guided by two objectives and two research questions and one hypothesis. This study adopted descriptive survey and quasi-experimental research designs. The sample of the study comprised 100 students in two universities (each for treatment and control groups) and 7008 lecturers drawn from three public universities in North-Central, Nigeria. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used for selecting universities and the sample of the study. First, stratified sampling was used to group both lecturers and students into two strata. Thereafter, simple random sampling was used to select the universities and sample of the study; using lottery method with replacement. 10% proportionate sample was used to select the lecturers. Curriculum Studies Achievement Test (C-SAT) and questionnaire were used as instruments for data gathering. Data collected were analyzed with simple percentage, mean and t-test statistical techniques. Finding showed that the level of awareness of university lecturers on Edmodo as a technological instructional delivery technique is very low or poor. It was also indicated that there is significant difference between the mean achievement scores of university students taught curriculum studies with Edmodo and their counterparts taught with lecture technique; as those in the treatment group performed better than those in control group. The study recommended that: school management, the government and ICT-related Non-governmental organizations should help in organizing workshops and seminars for lecturers in order to advance their knowledge and awareness on ICT usage especially Edmodo and others. Also, since the students who were taught with Edmodo significantly performed better than their counterparts in the control group who were taught with lecture method, lecturers should be encouraged to use Edmodo for teaching and learning.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CROSSLINKING METHODS ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLYETHYLENE
Authors:   http://www.deboni.he.com.br/arquivos_jornal/2020/36/23_Periodico36.pdf, FERREIRA Mariana Babilone de Souza , Claudio Gouvêa DOS SANTOS
Published: August 2021

Polyethylene (PE) is considered one of the most versatile thermoplastics available today. However, it exhibits several limitations related to its low melting point, low heat resistance, tendency to crack propagation, and its low resistance to rupture under stress. In order to overcome these deficiencies, several processes for crosslinking PE chains were developed, which makes this material more stable to temperature changes. In this work, methods based on peroxide (PEX-A) and silane (PEX-B) as chemical modification agents for PE chain crosslinking were analyzed, aiming to apply PE in pipes for conduction water. The materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel content, and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) to achieve those objectives. Also, some mechanical properties such as tensile strength and hardness and the determination of the heat deflection temperature (HDT) were evaluated. Spectra demonstrated the presence of the functional groups characteristic of PE and the incorporation of siloxane groups in PEX-B. Gel content values obtained were above 60% and indicated the formation of crosslinked chains between the molecules of the polymers. The thermal analysis suggests a greater efficiency in forming a chain network by the silane crosslinking process compared to the peroxide process. As for the mechanical tests, they also showed improvement in the mechanical properties of the crosslinked polymer when compared to the respective original PE. Thus, the silane method provided sufficient results to conclude that the properties evaluated are superior compared to the peroxide crosslinking method.
MPC Based Trajectory Tracking for An Automonous Deep-Sea Tracked Mining Vehicle
Authors: Wu Hongyun , Chen Yuheng , Qin Hongmao
Published: August 2021

Model predictive control (MPC) has been successfully used in trajectory tracking for autonomous vehicles based on certain kinematic model under low external disturbance conditions, but when there are model uncertainties and external disturbances, autonomous vehicles will fail to follow the pre-set trajectory. This paper studies trajectory tracking control based on MPC for an autonomous deep-sea tracked mining vehicle in polymetallic nodule mines with model uncertainty and external disturbances. A MPC algorithm is designed for trajectory tracking. To address model uncertainties caused by vehicle body subsidence and track slippage, a drive wheel speed correction controller is designed by experimental data fitting, and Kalman filtering (KF) and adaptive Kalman filtering (AKF) are introduced to improve tracking performance by rejecting external disturbances especially during curve tracking. To handle dead zones and obstacles during actual operation, an obstacle avoidance strategy is proposed that uses the tri-circular arc obstacle avoidance trajectory with an equal curvature for path re-planning. Finally, Simulink&Recurdyn co-simulations validate the performance of the proposed MPC controller through a comparison with nonlinear MPC(NMPC).
Sea Surface Current Velocity Retrieving from TanDAM-X Satellite Data
Authors: Marghany M. , Genderen J.L.
Published: August 2021

This is the first investigation for the use of TanDEM-X data, satellite for the Malaysian coastal waters. This aims at utilizing an optimization of the Hopfield neural network to retrieve variation of sea surface current along Malaysian coastal waters. In doing so, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on the Pareto front is used to minimize the error produced due to non-linearity between TanDEM-X data and sea surface movements. This work aimed at retrieving sea surface current from TanDEM-X data along the coastal waters of Malaysia. Two approaches have been implemented, the Hopfield neural network algorithm and Pareto optimal solution. The study shows that the Pareto optimal solution has a higher performance than the Hopfield neural network algorithm with a lower RMSE of ±0.009. Furthermore, a Pareto optimal solution can determine the sea surface current pattern variation along the coastal water from TanDEM-X data. In conclusion, TanDEM-X data shows an excellent promise for retrieving sea surface currents.
GENDERED VISIONS OF IDEAL FUTURE SELVES: AN ANALYSIS OF JAPANESE ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ NARRATIVES
Authors: Munezane Yoko
Published: August 2021

This study investigates the impact of gender on future visions, using a mixed narrative method; i.e., a “drawing-and-writing-combined” narrative. Previous research shows that learners’ career aspirations have a positive effect on their academic achievement including language proficiency growth (Sasaki, Kozaki, & Ross, 2017). Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore the impact of gender on language learners’ future possible selves by examining their career visions. Qualitative data were collected from 155 Japanese university English as a Foreign Language learners’ drawings and English essays. Statistical results (chi-square test) revealed gender effects in participants’ visualizations of career-focused and career-family balanced ideal selves as well as in the prominence of social interaction in their future visions. Qualitative analysis of participants’ essays suggested that the majority of both male and female learners envisaged their future ideal selves actively pursuing an international career empowered by the essential tool of English. Overall, females considered combining family and career as due responsibilities for women, whereas the majority of males envisioned career-related ideal selves only. The study further assesses the impact of gender on learners’ future visions by taking into consideration the gender equality level in a particular society. Pedagogical implications and future directions are discussed.
FEATURESOFAPPLICATIONOFMETHODSOFPSYCHOREGULATIONINTDIFFERENT STAGES OF SPORTS PREPARATION
Authors: Sofyan Tadevos
Published: August 2021

The organization of the effective application of psycho-regulation methods during preparation and competitions allows the athletes extremely taking the advantages of physical and tactical preparation.
It should be noted that abilities and skills lose the effect not being used for a long time. It is necessary to maintain the scope of the psycho-regulation acquired, regularly using it in the educational and sports activities.
OPINION OF ARMENIAN CHESS COACHES ON THE PROBLEM OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF CHESS PLAYERS
Authors: Hakobyan Armen
Published: August 2021

The article addresses the issues of physical training of chess players, as an athlete’s mental health needs are as important as their physical health needs, and both are likely to contribute to optimising the athlete’s overall wellbeing in conjunction with performance excellence. In this regard, it is necessary to study the raised problem, identify opinions and approaches of coaches.
A Bayesian Approach to Binary Logistic Regression Model with Application to OECD Data
Authors: YILMAZ Asuman , ÇELİK H.eray
Published: August 2021

In spite of being a common method for estimating the model parameters, Maximum Likelihood (ML) method may give bias results for small sample sizes. To overcome this problem, Bayesian method is usually utilized to obtain the estimates of the model parameters as an alternative to the ML method. In this study, a real data set was analyzed by using the binary logistic regression model. Parameters of the binary logistic regression model were estimated by using ML and Bayesian methods. Modeling performance of the binary logistics regression model based on the Bayesian estimates was compared with the model based on the ML estimates. Well-known information criteria such as AIC and BIC were used in this comparison.
Perspektif Keadilan Dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Nurani Sifa Mulya
Published: August 2021

Marriage has the goal of benefiting and prospering in life. Marriage is not only crucial to achieving the happiness of human life on earth. In terms of its kinds, marriage has much diversity. However, unions recognized in the Marriage Law and the Islamic Law Compilation are monogamous and polygamous marriages in Indonesia. Polygamy is discussed in Islam, but the government regulates it with stringent regulations regarding practising polygamy. Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage as a positive response to regulating a husband who wants to marry more than one person. Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 concerning the Implementation of Law No.1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and in the Compilation of Islamic Law, which regulates polygamy and the requirements for polygamy for Muslims. Ideally, the two regulations of Law no. 1/1974 and KHI aim to provide terms and conditions for husbands who want to remarry (polygamy). These provisions aim to minimize the arbitrary attitude of husbands (men) towards wives (women). This provision is also for the creation of a sakinah, mawaddah and warrahmah. Polygamy that occurs around us still ignores the rules of polygamy as above. Most of them practice polygamy only because of the fulfilment of lust, so they often forget and even violate the main principles in Islamic law, namely the realization of justice and benefit.
Pengaruh Aspek Manajemen Keuangan Daerah Terhadap Transparansi Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah di Lumajang
Authors: Rachmad Ari
Published: August 2021

This study aims to verify the impact of aspects of regional financial management on the transparency of regional financial management in Lumajang. Primary data assortment was administered by distributing questionnaires. The collected data were then analyzed using linear regression. The study results explain that partially the aspects of regional financial planning, regional financial administration, reporting aspects, and regional financial supervision affect the transparency of regional financial management in Lumajang. Simultaneously the aspects of regional financial planning, aspects of regional financial administration, reporting aspects and aspects of regional financial supervision of the regions affect the transparency of regional financial management in Lumajang.
Analisis Kompetensi Menulis Karya Tulis Ilmiah Mahasiswa di Indonesia
Authors: Heriyudananta Muhammad
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to determine the competence of writing student scientific papers in Indonesia and its factors. This research is a type of library research (library research). The data sources that are the study of this research are books, scientific articles from journals, papers, magazines, and so on, which are relevant to this study and can answer the main problem. At the same time, the approach used in this research is philosophical. While the data collection technique used is documentation. In order to direct the accuracy and accuracy of the data under study, the analysis method used is content analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the competence of Indonesian students in writing scientific papers is still very low. In writing, most of them do not heed the guidelines and rules of writing scientific papers, and the level of plagiarism is very high. Based on the research results, the most challenging problems students face in writing scientific papers are difficulties in obtaining references and not knowing writing techniques. Meanwhile, the factors that cause difficulties in writing scientific papers are, for example, low motivation of students in writing, lack of self-confidence and lack of mood, low reading interest, low student curiosity, and students' understanding of scientific writing that is not good as well as low mastery, against his writing conventions.
Lessons learned from implementing remotely invigilated online exams
Authors: Cramp Joshua , Medlin John , Lake Phoebe , Sharp Colin
Published: August 2021

This paper outlines the key issues of remotely invigilated online exams (RIOEs) and presents ways to avoid and resolve the issues for educators who are considering implementing them. The purpose of this paper is to share the lessons learned during the process of implementing and evaluating RIOEs and highlight the key considerations required to conduct RIOEs more seamlessly, whilst minimising students’ cognitive load. With the continued growth, and future importance of online tertiary education, this paper provides an important contribution to the understanding of the best methods and practices by which to conduct online examinations and provides a foundation for continued research and enhancement of effective RIOEs.
The paper follows an extensive Action Learning process to develop and present a case study that was conducted across nine fully online business courses in a start-up venture for the University of South Australia. Cognitive load theory underpins the case study, which enabled the researchers to gain profound understanding into the RIOE process, identify issues and offer resolutions. RIOEs require more systematic and effective design compared to traditional paper-based exams and should be supplemented by early and clear communication with students. Educators should enable and encourage students to rehearse the exam service access procedures prior to their exams and students should be provided with real-time responsive technical support for any ad hoc issues that may present during the exam. These factors play a critical role in ensuring the successful implementation of RIOEs.
Re-envisioning the role of academic librarians for the digital learning environment: The case of UniSA Online
Authors: Ciccone Adriana , Hounslow Liz
Published: August 2021

Academic librarians cannot escape the implications of the knowledge economy and the pervasion of technology which effects everything that we do. Similarly, we must be prepared to teach our students how to cope in this knowledge society and how to develop the necessary information and digital literacy skills to be productive members of society in a digital environment. This article explores the first eighteen months of our experience as digital curriculum librarians in a large project at the University of South Australia (UniSA), UniSA Online. We have taken this opportunity to critically reflect on being embedded librarians within such a strategic and unique project. We examine the key cultural, pedagogical and technological challenges we have faced in delivering resources, support and services to the project team. The solutions we have adopted to overcome these challenges within an intensive course development environment are also outlined. The importance of building good relationships both within the project team, academics and with other library staff to deliver positive outcomes is discussed. We examine the pedagogical imperatives we have followed and the technological challenges we have faced to provide an active learning experience for our students in a digital learning environment. Our role as digital curriculum librarians is still evolving, however, we can observe some emerging trends within academic librarianship and comment on them, as we believe that the imperatives of the knowledge society will only become more prevalent into the future. We conclude by outlining which professional skills we need as academic librarians to evolve our roles and be successful in the digital world.
Negotiating pedagogical challenges in the shift from face-to-face to fully online learning: A case study of collaborative design solutions by learning designers and subject matter experts
Authors: Davey Belinda , Elliott Kristine , Bora Maria
Published: August 2021

With the increasing number of students enrolled in fully online programs and subjects across different Australian universities, online education has become a popular higher education alternative. The University of Melbourne has responded to this challenge by establishing the Melbourne School of Professional and Continuing Education (MSPACE), where the learning designers (LDs), project managers, educational technologists, graphic designers and video producers work collaboratively with subject matter experts (SMEs) from across the university to create high-quality fully online graduate subjects. The case study presented in this article examines how MSPACE used this team-based approach to design and develop Psychodynamic Psychiatry, a six-week elective in the Master of Psychiatry. This paper examines a number of pedagogical challenges that arise when converting a pre-existing face-to-face subject to a fully online subject, as well as some relatively unique aspects in the design and development process utilised by MSPACE. While the approach provided by MSPACE currently focuses on supporting SMEs by providing access to third-space professionals, it is hoped that this will act as a conduit through which the SMEs are enculturated into the ways of design thinking for effective online teaching and learning practice.