bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de afrontamiento del equipo multiprofesional ante la muerte del paciente pediátrico con cáncer
Authors: Cabral-Gallo María Del Consuelo , Delgadillo-Hernández Alma Olga , Jiménez-Alzaga Norma Lorena , Delgado-Hernández Susana , Sánchez-Zubieta Fernando Antonio
Published: August 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la forma como el equipo multiprofesional afronta la muerte del paciente oncológico, a través de las estrategias de afrontamiento. Para ello, se aplicó la versión española del Coping Strategies Inventory a 66 profesionales de la salud en el Servicio de Hemato-Oncología Pediátrica de un hospital de tercer nivel. Los participantes se conformaron por el personal médico, enfermería, trabajo social, psicología, nutrición e intendencia. El análisis estadístico fue a través del programa SPSS Versión 20. Se compararon variables a través de T de student y análisis de varianza ANOVA de un factor. Los resultados señalan que la estrategia más empleada fue resolución de problemas, mientras que la menos utilizada fue autocrítica. Se discuten los resultados y se encuentra que ante la muerte del paciente, el equipo multiprofesional emplea en primera instancia la estrategia resolución de problemas de forma homogénea, favorable y de manera independiente a la profesión; mientras que las diferencias en el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento se relacionan con las variables sociodemográficas del participante por la edad, estado civil, turno y antigüedad laboral.
Análisis del discurso en torno a la crítica de Arte Contemporáneo en Colombia
Authors: Zapata Marín Gloria María
Published: August 2017

Este documento es un análisis que compagina dos campos disciplinares, el primero de ellos, la crítica de arte en Colombia; el segundo, el campo del discurso. Se investigó cómo se instaura, desde tres textos críticos, la obra de arte como un espacio discursivo. Se precisaron cinco conceptos claves, la situación de comunicación y la situación de enunciación dentro del enunciado para  explicar la construcción de los sujetos discursivos y como, desde allí, se convoca el género discursivo periodístico.
Presentación
Authors: Domínguez Rendón Raúl Alberto
Published: August 2017

Sin pausa y con paso firme, la revista TRIOLOGÍA continúa aportando a la construcción de un espacio amplio, incluyente y crítico, para que la comunidad académica y científica que se mueve en el campo de los estudios de Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad e Innovación, tanto en el ámbito nacional como internacional, pueda presentar, discutir, difundir, contrastar y evaluar sus últimos resultados de investigación.
Expertos, políticos y ciudadanía en la construcción del conocimiento tecnocientífico. Algunas interacciones que ayudan a comprender las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad
Authors: Estévez Cedeño Betty , González García Marta , Ursua Lezaun Nicanor
Published: August 2017

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar, básicamente, las conexiones que se establecen entre los expertos científico-técnicos, como comunidad científica especializada, y la ciudadanía entendida ésta como público, como agencia portadora de conocimiento de utilidad y como ente que ayuda a la financiación de la investigación científica. Comenzamos el análisis destacando las principales características de las relaciones entre ciencia y sociedad durante la última parte del siglo XX y principios del XXI, enfatizando los roles representados por el público y por los expertos profesionales frente a la construcción de los productos científicos y subrayando algunos criterios que pueden definir a la comunidad científica actual y sus fronteras. A continuación analizamos las actuales concepciones que explican cómo se construye el conocimiento científico y finalmente nos centramos en los criterios de adaptación que ha de tomar en cuenta una nueva propuesta teórica: la gobernanza deliberativopluralista que permite comprender las nuevas relaciones entre expertos, políticos y ciudadanos, y que ha de ser entendida como una versión actualizada de la política científica, concibiendo ésta como uno de los instrumentos más apropiados para orientar la investigación científica y tecnológica. La propuesta de la gobernanza deliberativopluralista reconoce la importancia de la participación ciudadana en la construcción del conocimiento y considera su inclusión en la toma de decisiones un criterio justo y democrático, orientado por la idea de alcanzar un mayor bienestar social.
مرونة لغة القرآن في تعاملها مع المفردات الأجنبية دراسة فيلولوجية
Authors: Al-qoisi Abdul Mohsin
Published: August 2017

لا شك بأنّ اللغة كائن حيّ متحرك ومتأثر لأنها نشاط اجتماعي، ولغة القرآن الكريم مثلها مثل أي لغة حيّة، تؤثر باللغات الأخرى وتتأثر بها وتستقبل بعض المفردات والمركبات ومن المعلوم أن الإسلام العظيم أحدث تغيّرات وأدخل مسميات بسبب دخول الناس شعوباً وقبائل في الدين الجديد فتدرس المقالة البيانات الخاصة بالأسماء الدخيلة من اللغات الأخرى في العربية، إذْ من المعلوم لدى الجميع بأن الفصحى العربية تمثلتْ بلغة قريش التي نزل القرآن الكريم بها، فعلى الرغم من بُعد قريش عن بلاد العجم من جميع جهاتها إلا أنه لم يَحُلْ دون تسرب بعض الألفاظ الفارسية والرومية وغيرها، بيدَ أن مقدرة اللغة العربية على تمثل الكلام الأجنبي تُعّدُ مزية وخصيصة لها إذ صاغته على أوزانها وأنزلته على أحكامها، وجعلته جزءاً لا يتجزأ من عناصر التعبير فيها.  والحقيقة فالعربية مثلها مثل اللغات الحيّة تتبادل التأثر والتأثير وكل اللغات تستعير وتُعير متى تجاورت أو اتصل بعضها ببعض بسبب الدين أو التجارة أو حتى الحروب ولأي سبب آخر، إذْ هذه هي سنّة الحياة وهذا يعتبر قانون اجتماعي إنساني يسري على الجميع. إلاّ أنّ دخول الكلام الأعجمي في العربية كان له صور جزئية ونماذج محددة لا تزيد عن أسماء الأطعمة والأشربة والأدوية والملابس، كما دخل من الهندية خاصة أسماء النباتات والحيوانات مثل الأبنوس والببغاء والفلفل، ومن اليونانية وخاصة ما اتصل بأسماء المقاييس والموازين والأمراض والأدوية من مثل القيراط والأوقية والقولنج.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIIIB SMP NEGERI 23 PEKANBARU
Authors: Heleni Susda
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di SMPN 23 Pekanbaru dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Aktivitas dan data hasil pembelajaran didapat dari data aktivitas dengan menggunakan lembaran observasi dan ulangan harian.  Data yang telah di kumpulkan nilainya dianalisa secara statistik. Hasil dari pembelajaran pada siklus pertama ditemukan peserta didik yang mencapai nilai KKM pada siklus I sebanyak 15 orang dengan persentase ketercapaian KKM 37,5% dan pada siklus kedua jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 18 orang dengan persentase ketercapaian KKM 45%, ini bertambah dari sebelumnya dengan jumlah siswa yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 9 orang dengan persentasi 22,5%. Penghargaan yang diterima pada siklus pertama adalah  dua kelompok mendapat penghargaan baik, tujuh kelompok mendapat  penghargaan hebat dan satu kelompok mendapat penghargaan super, sedangkan pada siklus kedua lima kelompok mendapat penghargaan hebat dan lima kelompok mendapat penghargaan super. Kesimpulan dari pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII b SMPN 23 Pekanbaru semester genap tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 pada materi pokok Lingkaran.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI THINK-TALK-WRITE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIKA MAHASISWA PGMI SEMESTER II UIN SUSKA RIAU
Authors: Andriani Melly , Fitraini Depi
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran dengan strategi Think-Talk-Write yang dapat meningkatkan  kemampuan komunikasi matematika mahasiswa PGMI semester II kelas B. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dengan dua siklus yang masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes, observasi dan catatan lapangan. Adapun kriteria keberhasilan proses pembelajaran setiap siklus tindakan dikatakan berhasil apabila hasil pengamatan aktivitas dosen dan mahasiswa minimal pada kategori baik. Sedangkan kriteria keberhasilan kemampuan komunikasi matematika ditentukan oleh tes akhir yaitu jika paling sedikit 80% dari seluruh mahasiswa telah mencapai nilai ³65. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suatu peningkatan dari siklus ke siklus selanjutnya baik dari segi proses pembelajaran maupun kemampuan komunikasi matematika mahasiswa. Pada siklus I rata-rata skor kemampuan komunikasi matematika mahasiswa 72,25 dan persentase ketuntasan 71,42% dan pada siklus II rata-rata skor kemampuan komunikasi matematika mahasiswa 79 dengan persentase ketuntasan 85,7%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan strategi Think-Talk-Write dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematika mahasiswa PGMI semester II kelas B UIN SUSKA RIAU.
Más romances de Luisiana
Authors: Armistead Samuel G.
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
José Martí en el eje de la modernización poética: Whitman, Lautréamont, Rimbaud
Authors: Rama Ángel
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Música y canción en el teatro de Lope de Vega
Authors: Alín José María
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Acerca de la "estrategia de la ficción" de Roberto Arlt
Authors: Corral Jorda Rose
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Robert A. Verdonk, La lengua española en Flandes en el siglo xvii. Contribución al estudio de las interferencias léxicas y de su proyección en el español general. Pról. de A. Zamora Vicente. Ínsula, Madrid, 1980, 245 pp.
Authors: Quijas Corzo Patricia
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La lengua española en Flandes en el siglo xvii. Contribución al estudio de las interferencias léxicas y de su proyección en el español general.
Samuel G. Armistead y Joseph H. Silverman, En torno al romancero sefardí (hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española), con un estudio musicológico por Israel J. Katz. Seminario Menéndez Pidal, Madrid, 1982; 292 pp.
Authors: Díaz Roig Mercedes
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: En torno al romancero sefardí (hispanismo y balcanismo de la tradición judeo-española), con un estudio musicológico por Israel J. Katz.
La iconografía política de América: el mito fundacional en las imágenes católica, protestante y nativa
Authors: López-Baralt Mercedes
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Genética de "Los cisnes IV" de Rubén Darío: alegoría de la escritura
Authors: Zavala Iris M.
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Adrian Akmajian, Richard A. Demers & Robert M. Harnish, Linguistics: An introduction to language and communication. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1981; xvi + 357 pp. [1a. ed., 1979].
Authors: Pool Westgaard Marianna
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Linguistics: An introduction to language and communication.
Maurizio Fabbri, Vagabondi, visionari, eroi. Appunti su testi "in minore" del Settecento spagnolo, Piovan Editore, Abano Terme, 1984; 151 pp.
Authors: Profeti Maria Grazia
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Vagabondi, visionari, eroi. Appunti su testi "in minore" del Settecento spagnolo.
Más sobre los orígenes de "civilizar" y "civilización" en la España del siglo XVIII
Authors: Escobar José
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Cambios en el concepto de la opinión pública a fines del siglo XVIII
Authors: Glendinning Nigel
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Gentes y oficios de la librería española a mediados del siglo XVIII
Authors: López Francois
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Reaksi Pasar Atas Pengumuman Paket Kebijakan Ekonomi X Tentang Daftar Negatif Investasi
Authors: Rosita Dewi Gusti Ayu Surya , Wirama Dewa Gede , Rasmini Ni Ketut
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

This study aims to empirically test the market reaction that occurs upon the announcement of Economic Policy Package X about the negative investment list (DNI). This study using event study method. The market reaction is calculated using cumulative abnormal return (CAR). The population used are all companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI), 525 companies. The number of samples used are 477 companies. The analysis technique used is the one sample t-test and the independent sample t-test.  The analysis showed that there is a positive market reaction to the announcement of the Economic Policy Package X. Furthermore, there are differences in the reaction that occurs between the business sectors that benefited by the policy than other business sectors. The highest reaction is shown by the business sectors that benefited by the policy. Business sectors which are benefited by the policy announcement obtained higher market reaction than their counterpart.

Keywords: Market reaction, economic policy package X, negative list investment, abnormal return
KECERNAAN DAN PRODUK FERMENTASI RUMEN (IN VITRO) RANSUM SAPI BALI INDUK DENGAN LEVEL ENERGI BERBEDA
Authors: Mariani N. P. , Suryani N. N.
Published: August 2017

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecernaan dan produk fermentasi rumen secara in vitro ransum sapi baliinduk dengan level energi berbeda. Ransum disusun iso protein dengan level energi berbeda. Rancangan percobaanyang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Adapunperlakuan tersebut adalah perlakuan A: ransum dengan protein 9% dan energi 2000 kkal/kg, perlakuan B: ransumdengan protein 9% dan energi 2150 kkal/kg, perlakuan C: ransum dengan protein 9% dan energi 2300 kkal/kg, danperlakuan D: ransum dengan protein 9% dan energi 2450 kkal/kg. Peubah yang diukur adalah kecernaan bahankering dan bahan organik, produk fermentasi (pH, NNH3, dan VFA total) rumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa kecernan bahan kering, bahan organik, pH, NNH3 dan VFA total pada fermentasi 4 jam tidak menunjukkanperbedaan yang nyata diantara perlakuan. Level energi berpengaruh terhadap kecernaan bahan kering, bahanorganik, pH, NNH3 dan VFA total pada fermentasi 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kecernaan bahankering dan bahan organik, NNH3 dan VFA total tertinggi pada fermentasi 24 jam pada perlakuan B yaitu 42,87%;45,40%; 3,91mMol dan 98,18 mMol.
POPULASI DAN PERFORMA REPRODUKSI BABI BALI BETINA DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM SEBAGAI PLASMA NUTFAH ASLI BALI
Authors: Sumardani N. L. G. , Ardika I. N.
Published: August 2017

Babi bali merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak penghasil daging yang memiliki potensi besar untukdikembangkan karena memiliki sifat-sifat dan kemampuan yang menguntungkan, namun keberadaannya di PulauBali sangat sedikit dan hanya terdapat pada derah-daerah tertentu, seperti daerah Karangasem, Nusa Penida danBuleleng. Pemeliharaan babi bali tidak bisa terlepas dari adat sosial budaya yang ada di Pulau Bali. Dalam usahapengembangan dan peningkatan produktivitas babi bali, performa reproduksi (lama bunting, service periodedan calving interval) memegang peranan penting, dan juga produktivitas seekor induk babi ditentukan oleh littersize dan farrowing rate dalam setahunnya. Pada penelitian ini pengambilan sampel secara purposive randomsampling dan pendekatan eksploratif serta pemilihan lokasi penelitian berdasarkan waktu dan biaya penelitian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi babi bali di Kabupaten Karangasem yang terdiri dari 8 kecamatan,setiap tahunnya mengalami penurunan rata-rata 0,063%. Lama bunting babi bali betina rata-rata 110±2.59 haridan calving intervalnya 151.06±6,30 hari. Litter size babi bali 6.98±2.37 ekor. Kesimpulan dari penelitian iniadalah performa reproduksi babi bali di Kabupaten Karangasem adalah baik, dan diperlukan usaha-usaha untukmeningkatkan populasi babi bali karena sebagai plasma nutfah babi lokal Indonesia, babi bali perlu dilestarikan,disamping upaya peningkatan manajemen pemeliharaan dan mutu genetiknya.
PEMANFAATAN AMPAS TAHU YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN INOKULAN PROBIOTIK DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS BROILER
Authors: Witariadi N. M. , Wibawa A. A. P. P. , Wirawan I. W.
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan ampas tahu terfermentasi dengan inokulan probiotikterhadap performans broiler. Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empatperlakuan dan enam ulangan. Tiap ulangan berisi lima ekor broiler. Ransum disusun isoprotein (CP: 20%) danisoenergi (2900 kkal ME/kg). Perlakuan yaitu ayam yang diberi ransum basal tanpa penggunaan ampas tahusebagai kontrol (A); ransum dengan penggunaan 5% ampas tahu terfermentasi (B), ransum dengan penggunaan10% ampas tahu terfermentasi (C); dan ransum dengan penggunaan 15% ampas tahu terfermentasi (D). Ransum danair minum diberikan ad libitum. Variabel yang diamati, yaitu konsumsi ransum, berat badan akhir, pertambahanberat badan, dan feed conversion ratio (FCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan 5% ampas tahuterfermentasi dalam ransum nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan berat badan akhir, pertambahan berat badan, danefisiensi penggunaan ransum dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penggunaan 10-15% ampas tahu terfermentasi dalamransum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap berat badan akhir, pertambahan berat badan, dan efisiensipenggunaan ransum dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan5% ampas tahu terfermentasi oleh inokulan probiotik (Saccharomyces sp.) dapat meningkatkan performans ayambroiler umur 2-6 minggu, dan pada level 10-15% ampas tahu terfermentasi dalam ransum memberikan hasil yangsama dengan kontrol.
PENGARUH ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT TERHADAP JOB SATISFACTION TENAGA EDUKATIP TETAP FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI
Authors: Baliartati Beta Oki
Published: August 2017

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh organizational support terhadap job satisfaction pada dosen tetap Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Trisakti. Pada penelitian ini mengambil subyek penelitian di Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Trisakti. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini yaitu berjumlah 50 responden yang terdiri dari 29 laki-laki dan 21 perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana untuk menganalisis pengaruh organizational support terhadap job satisfaction. Hasil analisis pengaruh, diperoleh hasil bahwa organizational support memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap job satisfaction sebesar 0.316 yang menunjukkan kontribusinya sebesar 31.6%.
Applied Demography In Action: A Case Study of “Population Identification.”
Authors: Swanson David A.
Published: August 2017

This case study deals with a problem quite different than the typical one facing most applied demographers. It involves the identification of a “population” using a set of criteria established by a regulatory agency. Specifically, criteria established by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission for purposes of Site Characterization of the High Level Nuclear Waste Repository proposed for Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Consistent with other recent studies, this one suggests that a wide range of skills may be needed in dealing with problems posed to applied demographers by clients and users in the 21st century. As such, budding applied demographers, especially those nearing completion of their graduate studies, should consider adopting a set of skills beyond traditional demography.
Lost Generations? Indigenous Population of the Russian North in the Post-Soviet Era
Authors: Petrov Andrey N.
Published: August 2017

This paper discusses key findings concerning population dynamic of the Indigenous minorities living in the Russian North during the post-Soviet period, highlighted by the 2002 Census. The paper places recent demographic trends into the context of past and current economic, social and institutional changes. It also provides comparisons with Indigenous population dynamics in other parts of the Arctic. Although most Indigenous peoples of the Russian North were growing numerically, they still experienced effects of Russia’s economic crisis, primarily reflected in rapidly falling fertility and rising mortality in the middle-age cohorts. In addition, both the ethnic drift and legal changes seriously contributed to the population dynamic.
The Ageing Scottish Population: Trends, Consequences, Responses
Authors: Raeside Robert , Khan Hafiz T. A.
Published: August 2017

The population of Scotland is projected to decrease despite recent increases in fertility and an excess of immigrants over emigrants. The reason for the projected decline is the result of prolonged low fertility. The most immediate effect is ageing of the population. The causes and consequences of this demographic profile are discussed. To counter potential negative impacts it is recommend that the pension system be reformed, pension ages raised, healthy living and inclusion in society promoted and migration policies formed to encourage immigration of skilled people and encourage and the return of emigrants.
Einfluss der Abrichtbedingungen beim Außenrundschleifen auf die tribologischen Eigenschaften von Getriebesynchronisationen
Authors: Seidel B. , Wagner A. , Brinksmeier E.
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Die Beeinflussung der Randzoneneigenschaften hochbelasteter Bauteile durch eine gezielte Auslegung des Endbearbeitungsprozesses ist vielfach Gegenstand von Forschung und Entwicklung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluss der durch den Schleifprozess eingebrachten Oberflächentopografie von Getriebesynchronisierungen auf deren tribologische Eigenschaften untersucht. Synchronisationen führen im Schaltgetriebe bei einem Gangwechsel eine Drehzahlanpassung zwischen der Motorwelle und dem ausgewähltem Gangrad durch. Zentrale Anforderungen daran sind eine kurze Einlaufphase sowie ein möglichst konstanter Reibwert für den restlichen Einsatzzeitraum. Ergebnisse aus durchgeführten Schaltversuchen zeigen, dass die Oberflächentopografie der Synchronkonen einen Einfluss auf deren tribologisches Einlaufverhalten hat. Konen mit einer höheren Oberflächenrauheit wiesen die kürzeste Einlaufphase auf. Auch die Oberflächentopografie nach dem Einlauf sowie das Verschleißverhalten der Synchronisation im Betrieb hängen von der Topografie der ursprünglichen Oberfläche ab. Ein Einfluss der Oberflächenrauheit auf die Höhe des sich einstellenden stationären Reibwerts konnte dagegen nicht belegt werden.
Uber for Seniors?: Exploring Transportation Options for the Future
Authors: Leistner Deborah L. , Steiner Ruth L.
Published: August 2017

By 2030, the number of adults 65 and older in the United States will surpass 72 million, almost doubling the number in 2010. This population continues to rely on automobiles to satisfy transportation needs; however, with the onset of aging, physical, cognitive, and motor abilities decline and affect those people’s ability to drive and their level of mobility and independence. Lack of mobility and accessibility affect the quality of life and the ability to age in place and could lead to social isolation and a reduction in activity level. The shift to transit is often difficult because of a lack of familiarity and accessibility. Dynamic ridesharing is surging as a viable transportation alternative. This study investigated a unique integration of a dynamic ridesharing system into a local government transportation portfolio to satisfy the mobility needs of older adults by subsidizing the cost of trips on the basis of income level. Over a 9-month period, 40 older adults enrolled in the program. Older women constituted 83% of the people enrolled and were less likely to discontinue use. The majority of trips over the first 6 months were for social purposes, followed by shopping and medical purposes. Fear of driver variability did not seem to affect the level of use. The use of dynamic ridesharing seems to be a feasible low-cost transportation alternative to meet the transportation challenges of older adults and may have policy implications for the future of public transportation systems. Enhanced levels of outreach and training could lead to higher enrollment.
Aptamer Cell-Based Selection: Overview and Advances
Authors: Catuogno Silvia , Esposito Carla Lucia
Published: August 2017

Aptamers are high affinity single-stranded DNA/RNA molecules, produced by a combinatorial procedure named SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment), that are emerging as promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Among selection strategies, procedures using living cells as complex targets (referred as “cell-SELEX”) have been developed as an effective mean to generate aptamers for heavily modified cell surface proteins, assuring the binding of the target in its native conformation. Here we give an up-to-date overview on cell-SELEX technology, discussing the most recent advances with a particular focus on cancer cell targeting. Examples of the different protocol applications and post-SELEX strategies will be briefly outlined.
Recent Progress on the Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanostructures as Counter Electrodes in DSSCs Based on Iodine/Iodide Electrolytes
Authors: Tasis Dimitrios
Published: August 2017

Graphene-based nanomaterials functionalized by different doping strategies have attracted great attention for energy conversion themes, due to their large specific surface area, high conductivity, and appreciable electrocatalytic properties. This mini-review presents an overview of the recent progress in the synthesis of graphene-based nanomaterials as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells based on iodine/iodide electrolytes, along with challenges and perspectives in this exciting field.
A Comparison between Voltage and Reactive Power Feedback Schemes of DFIGs for Inter-Area Oscillation Damping Control
Authors: Liao Kai , Wang Yao
Published: August 2017

Reactive power modulation of wind power plants is an effective way to damp inter-area oscillation in wind power penetrated power systems. For doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms, there are two different ways to achieve reactive power modulation: one is via reactive power feedback control, and the other method is via voltage feedback control. While both of the control schemes are feasible, their effectiveness may differ, and there has not been a systematic comparison between them. This paper investigates the differences between these two feedback schemes for inter-area oscillation damping control. The principles of utilizing DFIG for damping control is introduced at first. Then, analytical techniques including the frequency domain analysis, μ -analysis and time domain analysis are used to systematically study the performance of the two control schemes against inter-area oscillation. The robustness of the control schemes with respect to the variety of system operation points is also studied. The results from this paper can provide an insight into the understatement of DFIG reactive modulation against oscillation and guidance for controller design.
Air Curtain Burners: A Tool for Disposal of Forest Residues
Authors: Lee Eunjai , Han Han-Sup
Published: August 2017

Open pile burning (OPB) forest residues have been limited due to several concerns, including atmospheric pollution, risk of fire spread, and weather conditions restrictions. Air Curtain Burner (ACB) systems could be an alternative to OPB and can avoid some of the negative effects that may result from OPB. The main objective was to compare the burning consumption rates and costs of two types of ACB machines, the S-220 and BurnBoss. In addition, we tested a hand-pile burning (HPB) consumption rate for a comparison with BurnBoss unit. The S-220’s burning consumption rates ranged between 5.7 and 6.8 green metric ton (GmT)/scheduled machine hour (SMH) at a cost between US $12.8 and US $10.8/GmT, respectively. Costs were 70% higher when using the BurnBoss unit. Burning residue consumption rates and cost of disposal were considerably different: they were highly dependent on machine size, species, and fuel age of forest residues. Particularly, BurnBoss test burned over 40% more than HPB method and produced clean burn by airflow. The results from this study suggest that ACBs can be a useful tool to dispose of forest residues piled in many forests areas with less concerns of air quality and fire escape risks.
Cost-Aware IoT Extension of DISSECT-CF
Authors: Markus Andras , Kertesz Attila , Kecskemeti Gabor
Published: August 2017

In the age of the Internet of Things (IoT), more and more sensors, actuators and smart devices get connected to the network. Application providers often combine this connectivity with novel scenarios involving cloud computing. Before implementing changes in these large-scale systems, an in-depth analysis is often required to identify governance models, bottleneck situations, costs and unexpected behaviours. Distributed systems simulators help in such analysis, but they are often problematic to apply in this newly emerging domain. For example, most simulators are either too detailed (e.g., need extensive knowledge on networking), or not extensible enough to support the new scenarios. To overcome these issues, we discuss our IoT cost analysis oriented extension of DIScrete event baSed Energy Consumption simulaTor for Clouds and Federations (DISSECT-CF). Thus, we present an in-depth analysis of IoT and cloud related pricing models of the most widely used commercial providers. Then, we show how the fundamental properties (e.g., data production frequency) of IoT entities could be linked to the identified pricing models. To allow the adoption of unforeseen scenarios and pricing schemes, we present a declarative modelling language to describe these links. Finally, we validate our extensions by analysing the effects of various identified pricing models through five scenarios coming from the field of weather forecasting.
The Impact of Previous Action on Bargaining—An Experiment on the Emergence of Preferences for Fairness Norms
Authors: Neumann Thomas , Schosser Stephan , Vogt Bodo
Published: August 2017

The communication of participants to identify an acceptable bargaining outcome in the Nash bargaining game is all about fairness norms. Participants introduce fairness norms which yield a better outcome for themselves in order to convince the other participant of their bargaining proposal. Typically, these fairness norms are in line with theoretical predictions, which support a wide variety of different but fair outcomes the participants can choose from. In this experiment, we play two treatments of the Nash bargaining game: in one treatment, the participants play a dictator game prior to bargaining, and in the other treatment they do not. We find that participants who have not played the dictator game intensively discuss the outcome of the game and come to solutions closer to the equal split of the pie the longer they chat. This effect vanishes as soon as the participants have previous experience from a dictator game: instead of chatting, they establish the fairness norm introduced in the dictator game. Remarkably, if the dictator is unfair in the dictator game, he also gets a higher share of the pie in the Nash bargaining game.
Plant Water Status Indicators for Irrigation Scheduling Associated with Iso- and Anisohydric Behavior: Vine and Plum Trees
Authors: Blanco-Cipollone Fernando , Lourenço Sónia , Silvestre José , Conceição Nuno , Moñino María , Vivas Antonio , Ferreira Maria
Published: August 2017

Plant water status indicators have been increasingly used for scheduling irrigation. Different variables may be used to do this, depending on personal preferences and the resources available. Many studies have suggested that selection of an indicator should take into account plant behavior in relation to isohydricity. In two Iberian studies, deficit irrigation (DI) was applied in a vineyard and in a plum orchard while plant water status and fluxes were monitored. These case-studies are discussed with special focus on the use of predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) versus stem water potential (Ψst) to determine whether Ψst performed better and would therefore be the preferred stress indicator for plants exhibiting anisohydric behavior. In contrast, in plants with isohydric behavior, Ψpd would be generally preferred. This hypothesis seems to be supported by the present results obtained and by prior studies. The cultivars used and the intensity of stress applied have an important influence on the results. This suggests that, if no specific information is available from the existing literature, daily preliminary studies would be recommended prior to application in order to select the most appropriate plant water stress indicators.
Assessment of Typical Heavy Metals in Human Hair of Different Age Groups and Foodstuffs in Beijing, China
Authors: Liang Gang , Pan Ligang , Liu Xinhui
Published: August 2017

Human hair of different age groups and foodstuff samples were collected in Beijing, China. The concerned metals—Cd, Cr, Pb, As, and Hg—were analyzed, and the metal levels in relation to age, gender, and dietary intake were further assessed. Results showed the highest level of the metals was shown by Pb, with an average concentration of 1.557 ± 0.779 mg/kg, followed by Cr (0.782 ± 0.394), Hg (0.284 ± 0.094), As (0.127 ± 0.078), and Cd (0.071 ± 0.032), following a decreasing order of Pb > Cr > Hg > As > Cd, which were all below the upper limit of normal values in China. The heavy metal concentrations varied greatly among different age groups, and higher concentrations for Cd, Cr, Pb, and As appeared in female hair, whereas higher Hg concentration were found in male hair, suggesting that age and gender were not crucial factors for assessing metal concentrations in human hair. The ingestion of cereals and vegetables were the main route by which heavy metals in the environment create hazardous health effects for local inhabitants, but the estimated metal intakes through food consumption were all lower than the proposed limit of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), indicating that heavy metals posed no health risks for the inhabitants. Furthermore, little relationship was found between metal intakes and the corresponding metal levels in hair. Nevertheless, the results of this study can be used to analyze the internal heavy metal burden in the resident population of Beijing area and can also serve as reference for further studies.
Back to the Future: The Digital Millennium Copyright Act and the Trans-Pacific Partnership
Authors: Rimmer Matthew
Published: August 2017

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a trade agreement, which seeks to regulate copyright law, intermediary liability, and technological protection measures. The United States Government under President Barack Obama sought to export key features of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 (US) (DMCA). Drawing upon the work of Joseph Stiglitz, this paper expresses concerns that the TPP would entrench DMCA measures into the laws of a dozen Pacific Rim countries. This study examines four key jurisdictions—the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand—participating in the TPP. This paper has three main parts. Part 2 focuses upon the takedown-and-notice scheme, safe harbours, and intermediary liability under the TPP. Elements of the safe harbours regime in the DMCA have been embedded into the international agreement. Part 3 examines technological protection measures—especially in light of a constitutional challenge to the DMCA. Part 4 looks briefly at electronic rights management. This paper concludes that the model of the DMCA is unsuitable for a template for copyright protection in the Pacific Rim in international trade agreements. It contends that our future copyright laws need to be responsive to new technological developments in the digital age—such as Big Data, cloud computing, search engines, and social media. There is also a need to resolve the complex interactions between intellectual property, electronic commerce, and investor-state dispute settlement in trade agreements.
Artificial Structural Color Pixels: A Review
Authors: Zhao Yuqian , Zhao Yong , Hu Sheng , Lv Jiangtao , Ying Yu , Gervinskas Gediminas , Si Guangyuan
Published: August 2017

Inspired by natural photonic structures (Morpho butterfly, for instance), researchers have demonstrated varying artificial color display devices using different designs. Photonic-crystal/plasmonic color filters have drawn increasing attention most recently. In this review article, we show the developing trend of artificial structural color pixels from photonic crystals to plasmonic nanostructures. Such devices normally utilize the distinctive optical features of photonic/plasmon resonance, resulting in high compatibility with current display and imaging technologies. Moreover, dynamical color filtering devices are highly desirable because tunable optical components are critical for developing new optical platforms which can be integrated or combined with other existing imaging and display techniques. Thus, extensive promising potential applications have been triggered and enabled including more abundant functionalities in integrated optics and nanophotonics.
The Efficiency of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Essential Oil on the Control of Leaf Spot Caused by Exserohilum turcicum in Maize Culture
Authors: Silva Janaina , Mourão Dalmarcia , Lima Fabia , Sarmento Renato , Dalcin Mateus , Aguiar Raimundo , Santos Gil
Published: August 2017

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of noni essential oil on the control of Exserohilum turcicum, a causative agent of Exserohilum spot in maize culture. In the sanitary test 400 seeds were incubated using the blotter test method. For the transmissibility test, the fragments of damaged leaves of seedlings were removed and put into a potato, dextrose and agar (PDA) culture environment. To verify the pathogenicity, Koch´s postulates were performed. In the phytotoxicity test different concentrations of noni oil were applied in maize seedlings. E. turcicum conidia were submitted to different concentrations of noni oil. In the preventive and curative tests noni essential oils were applied before and after the conidia inoculation, respectively. The results revealed the presence of fungi of the genres Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Fusarium, and Exserohilum in the maize seeds. The pathogenicity of E. turcicum and also the transmission of this fungus from the seeds to the maize seedlings was confirmed. The inhibition of conidia germination was proportional to the concentration increase. The preventive application of noni essential oil was the most efficient on the control of Exserohilum spot.
A Novel On-Chip Impedance Sensor for the Detection of Particle Contamination in Hydraulic Oil
Authors: Zhang Hongpeng , Zeng Lin , Teng Huaibo , Zhang Xingming
Published: August 2017

A novel impedance sensor based on a microfluidic chip is presented. The sensor consists of two single-layer coils and a straight micro-channel, and can detect, not only ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic particles in oil as an inductive sensor, but also, water droplets and air bubbles in oil as a capacitive sensor. The experiments are carried out at different excitation frequencies, number of coil turns and particle sizes. For the inductance detection, the inductance signals are found to increase with the excitation frequency and the noise is constant; both the inductance signals and the noise increase with the number of coil turns, but because the noise increases at a faster rate than the signal, the signal-to-noise ratio decreases with the number of coil turns. We demonstrate the successful detection of 40 μm iron particles and 110 μm copper particles using the coil with 20 turns at the excitation frequency of 2 MHz. For the capacitance detection, capacitance signals decrease with the excitation frequency and the noise is constant; the capacitance signals decrease with the number of coil turns, while the noise increases, thus, the signal-to-noise ratio decreases with the number of coil turns. We can detect 100 μm water droplets and 180 μm bubbles successfully using the coil with 20 turns at the excitation frequency of 0.3 MHz.
Polyaspartamide-Based Nanoparticles Loaded with Fluticasone Propionate and the In Vitro Evaluation towards Cigarette Smoke Effects
Authors: Craparo Emanuela , Ferraro Maria , Pace Elisabetta , Bondì Maria , Giammona Gaetano , Cavallaro Gennara
Published: August 2017

This paper describes the evaluation of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as a potential carrier for lung administration of fluticasone propionate (FP). The chosen polymeric material to produce NPs was a copolymer based on α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-d,l-aspartamide (PHEA) whose backbone was derivatised with different molecules, such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polyethylenglycol (PEG). The chosen method to produce NPs from PHEA-PLA-PEG2000 was the method based on high-pressure homogenization and subsequent solvent evaporation by adding Pluronic F68 during the process and trehalose before lyophilisation. Obtained colloidal FP-loaded NPs showed a slightly negative surface charge and nanometric dimensions that are maintained after storage for one year at −20 °C and 5 °C. The FP loading was about 2.9 wt % and the drug was slowly released in simulated lung fluid. Moreover, the obtained NPs, containing the drug or not, were biocompatible and did not induce cell necrosis and cell apoptosis on bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE). Further in vitro testing on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated 16-HBE revealed that FP-loaded NPs were able to reduce the survivin expression, while either free FP or empty NPs were not able to significantly reduce this effect.
Locally Sustainable School Lunch Intervention Improves Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels and Body Mass Index among Elementary Schoolchildren in Rural West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sekiyama Makiko , Roosita Katrin , Ohtsuka Ryutaro
Published: August 2017

School lunch is not provided in public elementary schools in Indonesia, and students frequently buy and eat snacks at school. We hypothesized that providing a traditional Sundanese meal as school lunch would be beneficial for children in rural West Java. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the effect of a 1-month school lunch intervention aiming at sustainability and based on children’s nutritional intake, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, and body mass index (BMI). A lunch (including rice, vegetable dish, animal protein dish, plant protein dish, and fruit) containing one-third of the recommended daily allowance of energy was offered every school day for 1 month, targeting 68 fourth-grade elementary schoolchildren. At baseline, the prevalence of anemia was 33.3%. The prevalence of stunting and underweight were 32.4% and 2.9%, respectively, whereas that of overweight and obesity combined was 17.6%, indicating a double burden of malnutrition among the subjects. During the intervention, intakes of protein (p < 0.05), calcium (p < 0.05), and vitamin C (p < 0.001) significantly increased, while that of fat significantly decreased (p < 0.001). After the intervention, hemoglobin (p < 0.05) and hematocrit (p < 0.05) levels were significantly improved, thereby almost halving the rate of anemia. These changes were significantly larger in the baseline anemic group than the non-anemic group (p < 0.01). BMI significantly increased in the baseline underweight/normal group (p < 0.001) but not in the overweight/obese group. The school lunch intervention significantly improved nutritional intakes and health statuses, implying its potential for reducing anemia and resolving the double burden of malnutrition among rural Indonesian schoolchildren.
Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Antioxidant Formulation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Study
Authors: Abenavoli Ludovico , Greco Marta , Milic Natasa , Accattato Francesca , Foti Daniela , Gulletta Elio , Luzza Francesco
Published: August 2017

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, characterized by liver fatty acid accumulation and fibrosis, not due to excessive alcohol consumption. Notably, nutritional habits have been reported to be implicated in the onset and severity of the hepatic damage, while the Mediterranean diet has shown beneficial effects on NAFLD. Free radicals and oxidative stress were suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD, and several data highlighted the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in its treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the Mediterranean diet, with or without an antioxidant complex supplement, in overweight patients suffering from NAFLD. In this prospective study, fifty Caucasian overweight patients were randomized into three groups (Groups A–C). A personalized moderately hypocaloric Mediterranean diet was prescribed to all patients included in the A and B groups. In addition to the diet, Group B was administered antioxidant supplementation daily and for the period of six months. Group C did not have any type of treatment. The study proved that the Mediterranean diet alone or in association with the antioxidant complex improved anthropometric parameters, lipid profile and reduced hepatic fat accumulation and liver stiffness. However, Group B patients, in which the diet was associated with antioxidant intake, showed not only a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity, but also a more consistent reduction of anthropometric parameters when compared with Group A patients. Taken together, these results support the benefit of antioxidant supplementation in overweight patients with NAFLD.
What Is Nutritious Snack Food? A Comparison of Expert and Layperson Assessments
Authors: Bucher Tamara , Hartmann Christina , Rollo Megan , Collins Clare
Published: August 2017

The term “nutritious” is being increasingly used by product manufacturers but the term is not currently regulated as a nutrition claim. It is unclear how lay consumers and experts define and interpret the term or how they evaluate the “nutritiousness” of various foods. To address this evidence gap, a mixed methods design was applied and both nutrition experts (n = 206) and lay participants (n = 269) provided definitions of the term “nutritious” and evaluated the “nutritiousness” of 20 different snack foods in a cross-sectional survey. Definitions were analysed using Leximancer and snack evaluations were compared both between groups and with nutrient profile scores (UK Ofcom and Australian Health Star Rating). Expert and lay definitions differed considerably, with experts using terms such as nutrient-density, macro- and micronutrients, kilojoules/Calories, while lay consumers used descriptions such as fuel, fresh, natural, body needs, and functioning. Snack evaluations were highly correlated between groups (Rs > 0.89, p < 0.001) and between nutrient profile scores (Rs > 0.75, p < 0.001). However, mean perceptions significantly differed for 18 out of 20 foods with the largest difference for yoghurts (p < 0.05). There are discrepancies between expert and lay perceptions of snack foods and the definition of the term “nutritious”. The results highlight the need for an agreed definition and the potential regulation of the term “nutritious” in food marketing.