bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Relevance of Educational Philosophy of Gopabandhu Das in Present India Context"
Authors: Purohit Biswamitra , Patel Dr. Iswar
Published: August 2022

The main aim of this paper is to bring out all aspects of Educational Philosophy of Gopabandhu Das with a relevant in present India context. The study was delimited to educational philosophy of Gopabandhu Das and its relevance in present India context. All data are qualitative and secondary data so the researcher analyzed the data using thematic analysis, content analysis, and document analysis. Finally, it was found that Gopabandhu Das was not only a prominent nationalist but also a great philosopher. His educational ideas into practice by which made himself immortal as an educationist.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Earth Science Research, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Luo Lesley
Published: August 2022

Earth Science Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.

Earth Science Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: esr@ccsenet.org.

Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 1

Ahmet KARAKAŞ, Kocaeli University, Turkey

Angelo Paone, Pusan National University, Italy

Ann Godelieve Wellens, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico

Fehmi ARIKAN, General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration Company, Turkey

Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

Pedram MASOUDI, Geovariances, France

Saumitra Misra, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Deindustrialization, Domestic Savings, and Labor, in Mexico and Central America
Authors: Cáceres Luis René
Published: August 2022

This study analyzes the determination of the deindustrialization process experienced by Mexico and the Central American countries, and the repercussions on employment, domestic savings, investment, and economic growth. The methodology consists of estimating VAR models with panel data from the 1990-2018 period. The results indicate that the percentage occupied by the manufacturing sector in GDP increases in the face of shocks to exports, investment, and the ratio of female to male salaried employment, and does not have a significant response to the increase in remittances. A measure of relative deindustrialization is introduced, defined as the ratio of the value-added of the manufacturing sector to imports, whose responses to shocks to exports and remittances are negative, but its response to salaried employment is positive. Faced with shocks to the ratio of female to male salaried employment, the responses of the domestic saving rate, per capita international reserves, and labor productivity was positive, but the response of the trade deficit was negative. These results show that deindustrialization must be analyzed in the context of the labor market of the countries and consider gender aspects.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 15, No. 3
Authors: Tai William
Published: August 2022

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2022
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Lee Joan
Published: August 2022

Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.

Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org

Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 3

Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal

Boutheina Zougari, Regional Research Centre of Oasis Agriculture-Degache, Tunisia

Jiban Shrestha, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal

Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

Luciano Chi, Sugar Industry Research and Development Institute, Belize

Luis F. Pina, Universidad de Chile, Chile

Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal

Minfeng Tang, Kansas State University, USA

Patrice Ngatsi Zemko, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia

Waqar Majeed, University of Agriculture, Pakistan
Optimization in the Resistant Spot-Welding Process of AZ61 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Afshari Davood , Ghaffari Ali , Barsoum Zuheir
Published: August 2022

In this paper, an integrated artificial neural network (ANN) and multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) are developed to optimize the resistance spot welding (RSW) of AZ61 magnesium alloy. Since the stability and strength of a welded joint are strongly dependent on the size of the nugget and the residual stresses created during the welding process, the main purpose of the optimization is to achieve the maximum size of the nugget and minimum tensile residual stress in the weld zone. It is identified that the electrical current, welding time, and electrode force are the main welding parameters affecting the weld quality. The experiments are carried out based on the full factorial design of experiments (DOE). In order to measure the residual stresses, an X-ray diffraction technique is used. Moreover, two separate ANNs are developed to predict the nugget size and the maximum tensile residual stress based on the welding parameters. The ANN is integrated with a multi-objective GA to find the optimum welding parameters. The findings show that the integrated optimization method presented in this study is effective and feasible for optimizing the RSW joints and process.
Nitriding HS6-5-2 Steel in Inductively Coupled Plasma
Authors: Binienda Marek , Pietrasik Robert , Paweta Sylwester , Matczak Krzysztof , Krotewicz Witold
Published: August 2022

This article presents research on the possibility of obtaining a hardened surface layer via nitriding in coupled plasma (ICP) for HS6-5-2 steel. The subject of the investigation was the influence of the process parameters on the properties of the obtained layers. The surface layers were characterized using an optical microscope, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), and a microhardness tester. The generator power was changed gradually from 500 W to 2 kW and the tests were carried out for various process durations, from 15 to 45 minutes at a set pressure. The obtained results show the possibility of obtaining nitrided surface layers with a thickness of up to 0.1 mm and a significant increase in hardness in a very short time.
Hearing profile in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Yousef Mahmoud Gamal Mohamed , Ghazaly Abdel-Hameed Abdel-Hareth , Awwad Hassan Mohamad , Mahmoud Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) are chronic, inflammatory diseases with intra and extra articular manifestations. They affect 1% of the population. The auditory system can be affected in the course of these diseases. However, the pathogenesis of hearing impairment in these diseases is not clearly understood. The current work aimed to determine frequency and type of hearing impairment (HI) in patients with RA and SLE and possible correlation with different disease parameters.

Methodology: Fifty RA and Fifty SLE patients, and 50 healthy, age and sex matched controls, were included. Their age ranged from 35 to 50 years. They were selected from the outpatient clinic of Al-Azhar university hospital (Damietta). HI was evaluated by pure tone audiometry and tympanometry including acoustic reflex threshold test and auditory brain stem response (ABR). Complete medical history and general & local examination were done along with full laboratory and immunological investigation.

Results: Hearing loss was found in 41(82%) in RA patients and in 19 (38%) in control group. Hearing loss in SLE patients was found in 27(54%) and 15(30%) in control group. In AR patients, the level of hearing loss varied from mild to moderate in 28(56%) and 13(26%) respectively, and in control group was 17(34%) and 2(4%) respectively.  In SLE group, level of hearing loss varied from mild to moderate in 19(38%) and 8(16%) respectively, and in control group was 13(26%) and 2(4%).

Conclusion: There was a high frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in both RA (82%) and SLE (54%) patients compared to normal controls. Careful surveillance of hearing profile in early stages of both diseases is important and follow up testing of hearing status should be part of patient care.
Platelets and White Blood Corpuscles' Indices for the Prediction of Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: El-Naggar Dalia Ahmed , Elhelw Ehab Mohammed , Emam Abdelrahman Ali Hassan , Aboelmaaty Hamada
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a common condition that is usually associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Early identification is crucial to institute proper management strategies. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of platelets and white blood cells (lymphocytes and neutrophil) in prediction of PROM

Methodology: The study included 100 pregnant females. All were subjects to full clinical evaluation. Then vaginal examinations were completed to inspect for the active flowing of amniotic fluid from the cervix. A transabdominal ultrasound was done to confirm gestational age and estimate amount of amniotic fluid and turbidity. Complete blood cell count and differential count of leucocytes was performed and specific ratios were calculated.

Results: We have two groups, the study (PPROM) and females without PROM (control group). White blood cell, platelets, and neutrophils were significantly increased, while lymphocytes and monocytes were significantly decreased in the study than the control group.  Mean platelet volume (MPV) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were significantly reduced in the study than the control group (8.37±0.49, 4.39±0.65 vs. 10.04±0.68 and 11.20±1.18 respectively). However, platelet lymphocyte and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio were significantly increased in the study than control group (139.88±9.34, 5.58±0.70 vs. 127.50±4.70 and 4.06±0.54 respectively). The predictors of PPROM were AFI (η=0.619) followed by mean platelet volume (η=0.254) and finally NLR (η=0.075).

Conclusion: Blood cell count indices are useful indicators in screening for possible development of PPROM. In addition, MPV and NLR as useful predictors of PPROM. The availability, simplicity and low cost of such tests increased its value as a potential indicators for development of PPROM.
Operative Fixation of Displaced Midclavicular Fractures in Adult by Titanium Elastic Nailing System
Authors: Ahmed Atef Abd-Elmonem Abozid  , Fathy Hamza Salama  , Mohamed Abdallah Hassan
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim: Clavicular fractures are very common, and it usually treated conservatively. However, recent shift to surgical intervention had been observed. The guidelines seem to be in its road to change. The aim of this work is to asses clinical and radiological results of surgical fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures by Titanium Elastic Nailing System.

Methodology: Fifteen patients with mid-shaft (middle third) displaced fractures of the clavicle were included. All were assessed in systematic manner (history, examination and investigations). Then, eligible patients provided an informed consent and underwent surgical treatment according to study protocol. All were followed up for 6 months and their outcome was ranged according to Constant and Murley Score.

Results: Ten patients (66.7%) had excellent, 3 patients (20%) had good, one patient (6.7%) had fair, and one patient (6.7%) had poor outcome. Pain was absent or mild in the majority of patients (93.3%). 86.7% of patients return to full work, and all had unaffected sleep. Union was achieved in 14 patients (93.3%). One patient had an infection, two had medial end skin irritation and one had hypertrophic non-union. Younger age and absence of any associated medical disease were associated with excellent outcome.

Conclusion: Titanium Elastic Nailing could be considered as a reasonable alternative approach to the management of displaced mid-shaft clavicular fractures, as it is associated with excellent outcome, low pain, and early return to normal daily activities.
The Role of Breast Arterial Calcification on Mammogram as a Predictor for Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Women
Authors: Abdallah Mohamed Sobhy  , Ahmed Mohamed Fekry Eldeek  , Elsayed Mohamed Abd El-Hamid
Published: August 2022

Introduction and Aim: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, the detection of mammographic arterial calcifications can be an early, noninvasive instrument for predicting the possible development of coronary heart disease in women. The current work aimed to assess the significance of Breast arterial calcification (BAC) detected by digital mammogram and its relation to coronary artery calcium score and degree of coronary artery stenosis if present.

Patients and methods: The study included 100 female patients submitted to digital mammography for breast cancer screening programs and showed BAC then coronary artery calcification (CAC) score and multidetector coronary computed tomography angiography (MDCCTA) had done to determine the severity of coronary artery stenosis.

Results: The age was ranged between 40 and 80 years; the mean was 56.7+9.42 years. The prevalence of positive BAC and CAD were 50% and 10%, respectively. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, and Family history of cardiovascular disease was higher in the BAC (+) than in BAC (-) group. The presence of BAC appears to strongly and proportionately correlate with CAC Score and Coronary artery stenosis as determined by coronary CTA (r =0.809, and r = 0.811, respectively).

Conclusion: BAC can indicate a risk of CAD development. Besides, there was a significant correlation between BAC and some cardiac risk factors ( e.g., age, family history of CAD, and DM).
A Study on Instability regarding the Evaluation Indices of Public Institution Management Evaluation
Authors:   Dongguk Business Research Institute, Jang Dooseok
Published: August 2022

Using theoretical analysis and simulation, this research compared and assessed the three evaluation indices used in quantitative evaluation among management evaluations of public institutions: target-to-performance, target assignment, and target assignment (deviation). Large-scale manufacturing-related enterprises often maintain performance-related measures like growth rate and trade volume at a consistent, not-very-high level if marginal production declines. Based on the simulation result, the evaluation score was structurally high in the following order: target-to-performance, target assignment, and target assignment (deviation), whereas the standard deviation followed the same sequence: target assignment (deviation), target assignment, and target-to-performance. Additionally, the past performance had a positive (+) impact on all evaluation indices. In other words, the evaluation score raised as past performance increased. Also, the evaluation score declined as past performance decreased as well. These findings suggest that the efficiency of the assessed institution may be decreased if the assessment index itself, rather than management performance, has a significant impact on the evaluation.
Indie Musicians Support System of the Naver Musician League
Authors:   Dongguk Business Research Institute, Son Han-Na , Limb Seong-Joon
Published: August 2022

Despite the importance of indie music and musicians required in the music industry ecosystem, much research has not been conducted on the practical support method for fostering indie musicians. This study introduces the operation method of the 'Musician League' platform created to support indie musicians by the portal site Naver, and analyzes the cases of indie musicians who have grown up through it, in order to see if the same method as the Musician League could be a practical alternative for fostering indie musicians. Based on literature research and interviews with related parties, this study has concluded that Musician League indeed led indie musicians to the field and supported their success by providing various realistically necessary support such as music sharing and open markets, as well as supporting album production and distribution, and various exposure opportunities. This study is the first study to analyze the Naver Musicians League in-depth, and will help to develop effective support methods for fostering indie musicians.
ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: BOZKURT Nihan , YILMAZ Necmettin
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious affective illness. Eventhough association of some fatty acids and depression is reported, there is no information on composition of total fatty acids in erythrocyte mebranes. The present study was aimed to investigate for a possible relationship between depression and fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes. For this purpose, 30 patients diagnosed with major unipolar depression and 30 healthy control groups without any depression symptoms were formed. In these groups, erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition was detected by Gas Chromatopgraphy. According to our results, unsaturated fatty acid levels in depressive patients were lower than in control group. The level of some fatty acids, especially with 18 to 22 carbon fatty acids, was reduced. The reduction of some fatty acids in erythrocyte mebranes during depression may indicate an alteration or a defect in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) methabolism in depressive patients.

Özet

Majör depresif bozukluk (MDB) ciddi bir duygudurum hastalığıdır. Bazı yağ asitlerinin depresyonla ilişkisi bildirilse de eritrosit zarlarındaki toplam yağ asitlerinin bileşimi hakkında literatürde yeterli bilgi mevcut değildir. Bu çalışma ile depresyon ile eritrosit membranlarının yağ asidi bileşimi arasındaki olası bir ilişkiyi araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla majör unipolar depresyon tanısı alan 30 hasta ve herhangi bir depresyon belirtisi olmayan 30 sağlıklı kontrol grubu oluşturuldu. Bu gruplarda eritrosit membran yağ asidi kompozisyonu Gaz Kromatografisi ile tespit edildi. Sonuçlarımıza göre depresif hastalarda doymamış yağ asidi düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre daha düşüktü. Özellikle 18 ila 22 karbonlu yağ asitleri ile bazı yağ asitlerinin seviyesinin düşük olduğu tespit edildi. Depresyon sırasında eritrosit zarlarındaki bazı yağ asitlerinin azalması, depresif hastalarda çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (PUFA) metabolizmasında bir değişikliği veya bir bozukluğu gösterebilir.
PKMS Karang Taruna in Creating a Creative Economy through Training of Sport Therapist and Fitness Trainer in Mandalika Area
Authors: Anam Khaerul , Evitamala Lilik , Rizwandi Dedi
Published: August 2022

Kuta Mandalika is a special economic area that will become a tourist destination to visit and exercise, especially since the international standard MotoGP has been built. The purpose of this community service is to increase skills and new economic opportunities so that the economy of Karang Taruna Pujut District can continue to grow and develop. the effort that must be made is to develop sub-skills in fitness services and sports therapists located in the Mandalika Special Economic area. Outcomes to be achieved through the Indonesia Tangguh UKM program with the slogan "recover together, recover stronger" include 1. an increased understanding of being a sports therapist 2. increased understanding of being a personal trainer 3. Increased number of customers, 4. Improved management of SMEs through financial systems, and marketing promotions. The results of the activity evaluation show that almost 70% of the material is absorbed, while 90% of practice. This result is due to the use of scientific language, but it has a positive impact on improving skills in the field and continuing to practice
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Treffinger dalam Pembelajaran Fisika untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Kemandirian Siswa
Authors: Khusna Asmaul
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan kemandirian siswa kelas XII IPA2 MAN 4 Madiun dalam pelajaran Fisika melalui model pembelajaran Treffinger. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas 2 siklus. Data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi, angket dan hasil tes tulis. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan dengan teknik deskripsi kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat 75% siswa yang tuntas KKM. Pada prasiklus terdapat 48% (11) siswa tuntas KKM. Pada siklus I terdapat 70% (16) siswa tuntas KKM. Kemudian, pada siklus II terdapat 96% (22) siswa tuntas KKM. Keberhasilan penelitian didapat pada siklus II. Model pembelajaran Treffinger juga berhasil meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa terbukti dengan Indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian ini adalah lebih dari 75% jumlah siswa dalam klasifikasi nilai A dan B. Keberhasilan penelitian untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa di kelas didapat pada siklus II yaitu sebanyak 78,2 % (18) siswa.
Alice Munro’s Discourse on Sex in Lives of Girls and Women
Authors:   Convergence English Language & Literature Association, Nam Sung-sook
Published: August 2022

This thesis explores Munro's discourse of sex in Alice Munro's Lives of Girls and Women. It focuses on three short stories in the text that deal with sexuality. The protagonist, Del recognizes that the most stumbling block to the change in women’s lives is conventional thinking about sex. Del, with thoughts and actions that are contrary to the guidelines of convention, tries to get sexual experiences. Del subjectively attempts body contact and sexual intercourse, then, watches her body's reaction, observes the male sexual organs, and makes new discoveries about the male body. Furthermore, she realizes that there are fallacies in traditional thinking on sex. In love with Garnet, who seems to be free from convention, Del freely releases her language of body and gets positive thinking about body. She learns that physical love is tied to spiritual love. But Munro's discourse does not allow for completeness. Del’s refusal to be baptized, which is Garnet's request contains the gist of Munro's discourse of sex. Through this, Munro deconstructs the binary thinking that divided the body and the mind, breaks the hierarchy of divinity and secularity, and dismantles the social ideology that sexual love should result in marriage.
Evaluation of fungicides, plant extracts and bio-agents against dry root rot of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: LAKHRAN LALITA , AHIR R R
Published: August 2022

Dry root rot (DRR) of chickpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is an important disease affecting chickpea production especially in tropical and sub-tropical ecologies of world. The present investigation was planned to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of various fungicides, plant extracts and bio-control agents against Macrophomina phaseolina. Results suggested that among fungicides, significantly maximum mean mycelium growth inhibition was recorded with Carbendazim (100%) followed by Carbendazim+Mancozeb (84.65%). Likewise, among phyto extracts, garlic extract was excellent with maximum mycelia growth inhibition (70.15 and 100 %) followed by neem extract (68.35 and 82.35%) at 5 and 10% concentration, respectively. Among bio-agents, Trichoderma viride showed significantly maximum mycelia growth inhibition (80.20%) followed by Trichoderma harzianum (65.10%). Therefore, from the findings of present study, it can be concluded that apart from use of fungicides (Carbendazim and Carbendazim+Mancozeb) phyto extracts such as extract of garlic and neem leaves and bio-control agent Trichoderma viride can also be used as an effective alternative for management of DRR in chickpea. Findings of our study may help in development of sustainable management strategies against DRR thus minimizing its yield consequences in chickpea. However, there is a need to further strengthen the investigations on this aspect based on thorough understanding of the biology of the pathogen and hostÃ—plantÃ—environment interaction especially under field conditions.
Influence of sulphur and bio-regulators on growth, yield and oil content of cumin (Cuminum cyminum)
Authors: MEHRIYA MOTI LAL , GEAT NEELAM , SARITA SARITA
Published: August 2022

Sulphur and bio-regulators influence various physiological and biochemical activities inside the plant. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sulphur and bio-regulators (ascorbic acid, thioglycolic acid and salicylic acid) on growth, yield and essential oil content in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2013â€“14, 2014â€“15 and 2015â€“16 at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor (Agriculture University, Jodhpur). Factorial randomised block design with three replications was used. Four levels of sulphur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha) and four sprays of bio-regulators (Ascorbic acid, TGA and salicylic acid) @100 ppm at vegetative and flowering stage were applied. Pooled data revealed that application of sulphur @45 kg/ha significantly increased number of branches/plant, plant height (cm), number of umbels/plant, umbelletes/umbel, seeds/umbellete, test weight and also seed yield over control. Foliar application of bio-regulators @100 ppm at vegetative and flowering stage significantly increased the seed yield and oil content of cumin. The highest net return ` 93250 and benefit: cost ratio 3.32) was observed on application of sulphur @45 kg/ha followed by thioglycolic acid (net return ` 86120/ha, B:C ratio 3.12). Thus, we can recommend the application of sulphur and TGA bioregulator to the farmers in western arid zone for doubling the farmers' income in a sustainable way.
Foliar spray of Zn on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production at trans-Himalayan Ladakh region
Authors: SINGH RAJENDRA KUMAR , ACHARYA SOMEN , NORBU TSEWANG , CHAURASIA O P
Published: August 2022

Physiological responses, root development, yield and growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) (var. Tolstoy) to foliar applications of ZnSO4 during 2016 and 2017 cropping season was evaluated at high altitude cold-arid agro climatic conditions of Ladakh region. Field experiments were conducted with foliar spraying of ZnSO4 @0.5% (T1); 1.0% (T2); 1.5% (T3) and 2.0% (T4) during flowering and fruit formation stage on tomato plants over control treatment (T0). Results indicated that projected root area was highest in T3 followed by T4 treatment. The total yield of tomato was significantly increased from 34.3 and 38.1 t/ha without foliar application of Zn to 88.8 (1.5% Zn) and 77.4 t/ha (2.0% Zn) in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Average marketable yield in T3 treatment was recorded 153% and 116% higher in comparison to T0 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Increase in dry biomass (52.21%) was also observed in T4 over control treatment (T0). Foliar application of Zn application also improved physiological parameters of tomato. Significant enhancement in leaf chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI) and significant reduction in electrolyte leakage (EL) was observed in T3 and T4 treatment. The results showed that foliar application of ZnSO4 @1.5% significantly improved growth, development and yield of tomato at cold desert Ladakh region.
Bio-activation of waste mica through potassium solubilizing bacteria and rice residue
Authors: RANI KHUSHBOO , BISWAS DIPAK RANJAN , BHATTACHARYYA RANJAN , BISWAS SUNANDA , DAS TAPAS KUMAR , BANDYOPADHYAY KALI KINKAR , KAUSHIK RAJEEV
Published: August 2022

This article aims to demonstrate the increase in availability of potassium (K) from mica through bio-activation using different strains of potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) and rice residue incorporation and comparing it with standard K-fertilizer i.e. muriate of potash (MOP). The effects of mica, rice residue and KSB on wheat biomass yield, K uptake and available K in soil were assessed through a pot culture study at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi (2019). Results reveal that mica application @ 50 and 100 mg/kg soil significantly improved the biomass yield and K uptake by wheat as compared to treatments without mica application. Rice residue incorporation @ 2 g/kg soil had significant role in improvement of biomass yield, K uptake by wheat and available K in soil as compared to no residue treatments. Amongst the two isolated strains of KSB (JHKSB1 and JHKSB4) and one standard strain (Bacillus sp.), all were found equally effective in improving K availability from mica to the wheat crop. Mica, bio-activated via rice residue and KSB was able to improve relative agronomic efficiency and per cent K recovery from soil but it was not as effective as MOP. Thus, inherent K content in mica may be available to crops partly after bio-activation and it can be applied in conjunction with MOP for meeting the K requirement of the crop.
Impact evaluation of seed replacement on pulse productivity in India
Authors: P SHIVASWAMY G , KISHORE AVINASH , JOSHI KUHU , R ANUJA A , SINGH K N
Published: August 2022

Pulses are traditionally an essential part of the Indian diet and primary protein source for the poorer and the vegetarian population in the country. Pulse productivity has been stagnant in India due to the widespread use of low-quality farm-saved seeds and low seed replacement rates. The present study was carried out during 2019â€“20 to assess the drivers of seed replacement and its ex-post impact on yields of chickpea and pigeonpea in India. The study is based on the data on 1764 chickpea and 944 pigeonpea farmers from the nationally representative Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households conducted during 2013. A probit model was used to study the drivers of seed replacement, and coarsened exact matching technique used to assess the impact on yields causally. We found that access to irrigation and institutional credit can increase seed replacement and result in increased chickpea productivity. Chickpea farmers in districts under the National Food Security Mission on pulses (NFSM-pulses) are more likely to be replacing seeds. In pigeonpea, access to irrigation alone is the key driver. Further, using coarsened exact matching estimation, we found that seed replacement is indeed beneficial for chickpea farmers and would lead to increased chickpea productivity in India.
Generation mean analysis in maize (Zea mays) for yields and yield attributing traits
Authors: SHARMA PREETI , KAMBOJ MEHAR CHAND , SINGH NARENDER , KUMAR RAMESH , KUMAR NAVEEN
Published: August 2022

The nature of gene action involved is mainly responsible for the genetic improvement of any crop. Generation means analysis for maize (Zea mays L.) yield and its traits for six generations, i.e. P1, P2 F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 of six crosses evaluated at Karnal. Significant individual and joint scaling tests indicated inadequacy of three parameter models and presence of epistasis in all characters indicating greater genetic variation in parents. However, only shelling percentage in HKI 209 Ã— HKI 163 showed additive-dominance. The presence of duplicate form of non-allelic gene interactions was prominent, except for days to maturity and cob diameter in HKI 325-17AN Ã— HKI 163, cob length in HKI 209 Ã— HKI 163 and shelling percentage in HKI 1332 Ã— HKI 163 where complementary gene action is recorded. It suggests selection from F3 generation onwards for character improvement. Dominance and duplicate type of epistatic effects were found to be more prominent for inheritance than additive effects alone for grain yield/plant, grains/cob, and plant height suggesting the reciprocal recurrent selection or bi-parental mating design to improve in these characters. In crosses where dominance was of major importance, the trait could be successfully utilized for the exploitation of hybrid vigour. Some significant additive and additive Ã— additive effects were recorded in all of these crosses, and therefore gain from selection could be possible, fixable and heritable epistasis could be effectively used in the selection of superior inbred lines.
Molecular variability of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates using SSR marker
Authors: PRIYANKA PRIYANKA , MATHUR A C , SHARMA RIDHI SHANKAR , BAGRI R K , MEENA A K
Published: August 2022

An experiment was conducted at RARI, Durgapura, SKNAU, Jobner during kharif 2020 to analyze the genetic diversity of the 12 Macrophomina phaseolina isolates by using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSR primers were tested for amplification of genomic DNA of Macrophomia phaseolina isolates. Total five primers of MB series were screened against twelve Macrophomia phaseolina isolates. All primes amplified scorable banding pattern. Level of polymorphism for SSR analysis ranged between 60â€“85.7%. The similarity matrix indicated that 12 isolates exhibited 42.82â€“100% similarity coefficient. The SSR analysis shows high molecular variability among the isolates grouped into five major clusters A, B, C, D and E. In the similarity matrix Mp-DPR was found to have higher value of similarity coefficient (1), whereas Mp-JSM was found to have lower value if similarity coefficient (0.42).
Creation and validation of core subset of potato (Solanum tuberosum) germplasm
Authors: DALAMU DALAMU , KAUR R P , KUMAR V , KUMAR R , BHARDWAJ V , CHAUDHARY B
Published: August 2022

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the only non-cereal staple food crop globally. The progress of this temperate crop in the sub-tropical country relies strongly on improvement activities utilizing the genetic resources acquired over a time period. However, proper maintenance, evaluation and utilization of germplasm resources is a cumbersome task. Creation of core set of conserved genetic resources is an efficient and cost effective method of management of conserved germplasm and its use in breeding program. Indian collection of potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp tuberosum) constitutes 1399 accessions emanating from the five continents maintained under ex situ conservation. A core subset of 140 potato germplasm was developed using Power Core software based on 19 morphological traits. Majority of entries in the core subset were from South America (42.14%). Comparison of mean data using Newman-Keul's test and variances using Levene's test for different traits revealed representation of actual diversity of base population by the core subset. Correlations among the traits governed by co-adapted gene complexes were conserved in the core subset. Shannon-Weaver diversity indices indicate that the potato core subset maximized the phenotypic diversity of the potato germplasm. Validation of core subset using principal component analysis reveals that the first 4 PCs represents 55.27% of total variations in core subset compared to 52.50% that in entire collection. The identified core subset can be used in Indian potato improvement programs as well as in genomics studies.
Assessment of spatial distribution of Plutella xylostella on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
Authors: SHARMA KULDEEP , MAHLA M K , SWAMINATHAN R , BABU S RAMESH , KUMAR ASHOK , AHIR K C , SINGH BEERENDRA , CHHANGANI GAURANG
Published: August 2022

The present investigation aimed to study the distribution pattern of larvae and pupae of diamondback moth (DMB) on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design at the Horticulture farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan during rabi 2019â€“20 and 2020â€“21. The present study was carried out to understand the pattern and behaviour of the spatial distribution of DBM in cabbage. The prevalence of DBM incidence was recorded in terms of the number of larvae and pupae per plant on ten randomly selected plants in each replication at weekly intervals. The various indices, viz. variance to mean ratio, exponentâ€“K, patchiness index, clumping index, mean colony size, mean clump size, Iwaoâ€™s patchiness regression and Taylorâ€™s power law were analyzed to test the dispersion behaviour of diamondback moth. The value of various indices exceeded unity in most of the weekly observations indicating clumped type of distribution of diamondback moth larvae and pupae on cabbage. Clumped distribution behaviour of DBM population can aid the understanding of the pest ecology and its management.
Status of insecticide resistance in rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in Punjab
Authors: DEOSI KIRANDEEP KAUR , SURI K S
Published: August 2022

The present study was undertaken in 2017â€“18 at the entomological Research Farm, PAU, Ludhiana to determine the status of insecticide resistance and the role of enzymes in imparting resistance in Nilaparvata lugens. Toxicity of insecticides, viz. imidacloprid, chlorpyriphos, quinalphos, buprofezin and lambda cyhalothrin against the susceptible and field populations of N. lugens were evaluated. Based on LC50 values calculated, the susceptible population showed the highest sensitivity to buprofezin with lowest LC50 value of 0.0007% while the lowest sensitivity was observed for chlorpyriphos (0.0010%). Buprofezin proved most effective against planthopper population collected from Ludhiana and Patiala with LC50 values of 0.0032% and 0.0036% and toxicity ratios of 4.40 and 2.75, respectively, whereas quinalphos proved effective against Kapurthala population with LC50 value of 0.0027% and toxicity ratio of 2.85. Imidacloprid was the least effective insecticide at all test locations (LC50 values ranged from 0.0077% to 0.0141%). N. lugens population showed moderate level of resistance development to imidacloprid at all the test locations, viz. 19.09-folds in Ludhiana, 14.14-folds in Patiala and 11-folds resistance in Kapurthala. The resistance ratio for buprofezin was the lowest (4.57-folds) in case of Ludhiana population, whereas in case of Patiala and Kapurthala populations, resistance to quinalphos was the lowest (4.39 and 3.00-folds, respectively). The activity of esterases was significantly higher in the field populations collected from Ludhiana whereas the activities of acetylcholinesterase in resistant populations of Ludhiana and Patiala were significantly higher than in the susceptible population, indicating their probable role in imparting resistance.
Tolerance against brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in wild rice (Oryza sativa) accessions
Authors: SANDHU RAJWINDER KAUR , SARAO PREETINDER SINGH
Published: August 2022

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (StÃ¥l), is a major insect pest of rice in all the rice growing areas of the world. In the present study, the tolerance mechanism of resistance in wild rice accessions belonging to different Oryza species such as O. nivara (IRGC104646, CR100204), O. australiensis (IRGC105275, IRGC105270), O. punctata (IRGC99577) along with resistant check, Ptb33 and susceptible check, TN1 has been studied. The experiments were carried out on 30-days old plants under glasshouse conditions during kharif 2017 and 2018. IRGC99577 (22.80 and 24.00) took maximum days to hopper burn condition during both seasons. Functional plant loss index (%) was minimum in IRGC99577 (18.10%) followed by Ptb33 (20.96%) and IRGC104646 (29.47%). Least plant dry weight loss index (mg) was observed in Ptb33 and highest in TN1 during both the seasons. Overall, results indicated that rice accessions, IRGC99577 and IRGC104646 showed high levels of tolerance as compared to other wild rice accessions that were tested. The identified accessions thus could serve as potential sources of resistance in breeding BPH resistant varieties.
Agronomic fortification in finger millet (Eleusine coracana) for yield and quality improvement in red sandy loam soils
Authors: Y SANDHYA RANI , P JAMUMA , U TRIVENI , TSSK PATRO
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2015â€“18 to study the yield responses of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] to graded doses of macronutrient fertilizers (100% and 150% RDF) in combination with soil and foliar application of Zn and Fe, which are important for early establishment of finger millet. The experimental results indicated that significantly higher grain and straw yields of finger millet were recorded with 150% RDF+ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray+FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray compared to 100% RDF. Soil available N, P2O5, K2O and plant macronutrient uptake were also found highest in the same treatment. Whereas the highest available Zn in the soil was recorded in the treatment 150% RDF+ZnSO4 soil application+FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray, and the highest available Fe was evidenced in the treatment 150% RDF+FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray. The grain zinc content was found highest with the treatment 150% RDF+ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray, iron content in the grain was found highest with the treatment 150% RDF+ZnSO4 0.5 % foliar spray + FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray. The uptake of Zn and Fe were found highest with the treatment 150% RDF+ZnSO4 0.5 % foliar spray+FeSO4 0.2 % foliar spray. Hence, the treatment with 150% RDF+ZnSO4 0.5% foliar spray + FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray was considered to be the best treatment which was at par with 150% RDF+ZnSO4 @50 kg/ha soil application+FeSO4 0.2% foliar spray.
Eco-friendly nutrient management practices for increasing cropping cycle in shifting cultivation
Authors: BAISHYA L K , WALLING NINGSHIYANGERLA , JAMIR TEMJENNA , RAY S K , KUMAR MANOJ , SANGMA CHRISTY , RAJKHOWA D J
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was conducted in shifting cultivated lands of Nagaland (Wokha and Longleng) during pre-kharif season of 2017 and 2018. Experimental results revealed that combined application of organic manure with bio-fertilizer and micro-dosing of NPK in maize (Zea mays L.) and upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) were the most productive and sustainable eco-friendly nutrient management practices evident by per cent increase in yield by 71.8% and 250%, respectively, over control (jhum practices). However, lime with bio-fertilizer and micro-dosing of NPK application in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) found productive and sustainable yield with 106% and 62.3% increase, respectively, over control (jhum practices). The maximum values of gross and net returns, crop profitability and production efficiency were computed with organic manure with bio-fertilizer and micro-dosing of NPK for all four crops which were closely followed by lime with bio-fertilizer and micro-dosing of NPK. The energy use efficiency was highest for groundnut (177.70%) followed by upland rice (144.28%), soybean (137.47%) and maize (14.20%). Considerable amount of soil organic carbon (1.1â€“1.2%), available nitrogen (92.50â€“185.50 kg N/ha), phosphorus (13.89â€“17.36 kg P/ha) and potassium (500.60â€“733.00 kg K/ha) were also retained with eco-friendly nutrient management practices after 2nd year jhum with a potential to continue cropping for another year in the same plot.
Tensiometer based irrigation scheduling in wheat (Triticum aestivum) in middle Indo-Gangetic plains
Authors: SUNDARAM PREM K , KUMAR SANJEEV , SHIVANI SHIVANI , KUMAR UJJWAL , MONDAL SURAJIT
Published: August 2022

The most common method of irrigation in eastern India is through tube wells with a fixed irrigation interval, irrespective of the soil type and climatic demand resulting in over-irrigation or under-irrigation under different soil and weather situations. Soil matric potential may be an ideal criterion for irrigation, since soil texture, cultural practices and water management affect wheat irrigation water requirements. The present study deals with the effect of tensiometer based irrigation scheduling on crop productivity of wheat. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors, viz. soil moisture potential at three levels of 20, 35 and 50 kPa and tensiometer depth of 20, 35 and 50 cm under furrow irrigated condition at ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during 2013â€“16. Tensiometer readings were recorded on a daily basis and irrigation was applied accordingly. The highest wheat yield (4.1 t/ha) was obtained when irrigation was applied at 35 kPa at 20 cm depth. The highest water productivity of 1.809 kg/m3 was achieved under deficit irrigation (8.87 cm) with least grain yield (2.6 t/ha). Irrigation scheduling based at a pressure of 35 kPa at 20 cm or 20 kPa at 50 cm depth of tensiometer resulted in a significantly higher yield of wheat. Further field and modelling studies are needed to extrapolate the findings to a broader range of seasonal and crop conditions which will help in developing guidelines to assist farmers to schedule irrigation in wheat.
Determinants of behavioural indicators of potato (Solanum tuberosum) growers in Kannauj district of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: VERMA ASHWANI KUMAR , DOHAREY R K , DUBEY S K , SINGH O P , SINGH S N
Published: August 2022

The present study was carried out to find out the factors that may affect the behavioural dimensions of potato farmers, viz. their knowledge and adoption level as well as their knowledge-adoption gap about scientific potato cultivation practices in Kannauj district of Uttar Pradesh during 2016â€“17. Multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis was done with selected independent variables to see the effect of independent variables on the selected indicators. The analysed data showed that at knowledge level out of 18 variables taken for analysis of regression, four variables, viz. housing pattern, occupation, material possession and formal extension contact were highly significant (P<0.01); five variables, viz. education, housing pattern, informal extension contact, scientific orientation and risk orientation were highly significant (P<0.01) for their adoption level; and at knowledge-adoption gap one variable i.e. education was highly significant (P<0.01). The R2 value and F value of knowledge, adoption and knowledge adoption level were 0.59, 0.29, 0.33 and 8.63, 2.52 and 2.95 (P<0.01), respectively. The R2 value of stepwise regression in knowledge, adoption and knowledge-adoption gap level was 0.54, 0.24 and 0.24.
Determinants for Agripreneurship Development under Agriclinics and Agribusiness Centers (ACABC) Scheme
Authors: AFROZ SHAFI , SINGH RASHMI , NAIN M S , MISHRA J R
Published: August 2022

The determinants of entrepreneurial prospect have been extensively investigated but the case of agribusiness is still unexplored. This present investigation was done to specify the determinants of agripreneurship under the ACABC scheme in two states, viz. Telangana (south zone) and Uttar Pradesh (north zone) during October 2018. Both the states had the highest number of established agribusiness in the respective zone. A mixture of multistage and purposive sampling technique was employed for data collection from 120 agripreneurs by utilizing structured questionnaires. Findings revealed that farm input supply agribusiness (44.2%) and farm production agribusiness (40.8%) were dominant. The following determinants of agripreneurship i.e. lack of inputs for production, unemployment, low income of farmers, serving to farming community, low awareness among farmers, interest in business, proximity to markets, free specialized training, and profit motive were revealed during the study in both zones. It was also discovered that the age of agripreneur, educational background, agribusiness age and family size were agripreneursâ€™ socioeconomic characteristics that had a significant effect on the annual turnover of the agribusiness. Based on these findings, formulation and implementation of policies should be targeted on the identified determinants of agripreneurship. Such policies will improve the agribusiness environment within the country through the schemes of the Government like RKVY RAFTTAR Agribusiness.