bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structured Chart Review: Assessment of a Structured Chart Review Methodology
Authors: Siems Ashley , Banks Russell , Holubkov Richard , Meert Kathleen L. , Bauerfeld Christian , Beyda David , Berg Robert A. , Bulut Yonca , Burd Randall S. , Carcillo Joseph , Dean J. Michael , Gradidge Eleanor , Hall Mark W. , McQuillen Patrick S. , Mourani Peter M. , Newth Christopher J.L. , Notterman Daniel A. , Priestley Margaret A. , Sapru Anil , Wessel David L. , Yates Andrew R. , Zuppa Athena F. , Pollack Murray M.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Chart reviews are frequently used for research, care assessments, and quality improvement activities despite an absence of data on reliability and validity. We aim to describe a structured chart review methodology and to establish its validity and reliability.

METHODS:

A generalizable structured chart review methodology was designed to evaluate causes of morbidity or mortality and to identify potential therapeutic advances. The review process consisted of a 2-tiered approach with a primary review completed by a site physician and a short secondary review completed by a central physician. A total of 327 randomly selected cases of known mortality or new morbidities were reviewed. Validity was assessed by using postreview surveys with a Likert scale. Reliability was assessed by percent agreement and interrater reliability.

RESULTS:

The primary reviewers agreed or strongly agreed in 94.9% of reviews that the information to form a conclusion about pathophysiological processes and therapeutic advances could be adequately found. They agreed or strongly agreed in 93.2% of the reviews that conclusions were easy to make, and confidence in the process was 94.2%. Secondary reviewers made modifications to 36.6% of cases. Duplicate reviews (n = 41) revealed excellent percent agreement for the causes (80.5%–100%) and therapeutic advances (68.3%–100%). κ statistics were strong for the pathophysiological categories but weaker for the therapeutic categories.

CONCLUSIONS:

A structured chart review by knowledgeable primary reviewers, followed by a brief secondary review, can be valid and reliable.
Glucose Homeostasis in Newborns: An Endocrinology Perspective
Authors: Tas Emir , Garibaldi Luigi , Muzumdar Radhika
Published: January 2020

Physiologic adaptations in the postnatal period, along with gradual establishment of enteral feeding, help maintain plasma glucose concentrations in the neonatal period. The definition of normal plasma glucose in the neonatal period has been a subject of debate because of a lack of evidence linking a set plasma or blood glucose concentration to clinical symptoms or predictors of short- and long-term outcomes. However, there is consensus that maintaining plasma glucose in the normal range for age is important to prevent immediate and long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. The specific management strategy for abnormal glucose levels in neonates depends on the underlying etiology, and interventions could include nutritional changes, medications, hormone therapy, or even surgery. Here, we will review the physiological processes that help maintain plasma glucose in newborns and discuss the approach to a newborn with disordered glucose homeostasis, with an emphasis on the endocrine basis of abnormal glucose homeostasis.
The Laboratory Features of Congenital Hypothyroidism and Approach to Therapy
Authors: Weiner Alyson , Oberfield Sharon , Vuguin Patricia
Published: January 2020

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common preventable causes of intellectual disability. Thyroid hormone is required for normal brain development, but neonates with CH typically appear healthy at birth, which leads to delays in diagnosis and treatment. In developed countries, newborn screening programs have led to earlier diagnosis and treatment of CH, resulting in improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Neonates with an abnormal newborn screen require prompt confirmatory serum thyroid function tests and treatment with thyroid hormone. Further evaluation for the etiology of CH should not delay treatment decisions.
Older people in the information society
Authors: Marcinkiewicz-Wilk Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on the situation of older people in the information society. In the theoretical part of article phenomena of aging population and information society were described. This paper includes results of research conducted in qualitative strategy. The method of collecting data was biographical method. The method for data processing was  qualitative content analysis. In the research 2 older, educationally active people took part.

Results of research shows how older people understand the information society and what risk and opportunities they notice in this new reality. Narratives of the respondents indicated that education is of crucial importance for participation in the information society. Older people who take part in lifelong learning cope better with the new reality than people who do not learn.

Based on the research results we can point out areas of education which should be development. Moreover, it is visible that educational activity of older people is very important  in adaptation to the information society. Narratives of seniors indicate reasons for the lack of educational activity of other seniors. According to this, it can be specified what action should be undertaken to prevent the exclusion of older people in this new reali
Educational context of time from the perspective of adult development
Authors: Semków Jerzy
Published: January 2020

The  basic assumption is that time, which regulates our existence in the world, is the special medium and that there are “costs (lost opportunities) associated with not investing time wisely” (Zimbardo, & Boyd, 2009, p. 19). The diverse attitudes of certain individuals towards time may be viewed from various perspectives. The author reflects on the time phenomenon from the perspective of learning adults, with regard to three life periods in the process indentified in andragogy as maturing to adulthood. In early adulthood time is especially significant as people assume the role of the ones responsible for their professional development and their family. In the second stage – middle adulthood – due to varying evaluations of their achievements, time is treated either as a friend or as an enemy. In this situation undertaking learning activity becomes a springboard, some kind of antidote to the emerging life problems. It may also bring about fundamental disturbances to the psycho-social balance of an adult person, such as change of his living environment. The value of time as a non-renewable good increases significantly in  late adulthood, after crossing the threshold of 60. This refers particularly to people who consider old age as an important stage of life. Thus, temporal perspective in each stage of adulthood varies, especially when learning is a regular part of life activities of an adult person
Creative life story work with seniors
Authors: Brandoburová Petra , Adamovičová Simona
Published: January 2020

We summarize the theoretical background and basis for creative activities focused on the life story work with the seniors as realised in “Centrum MEMORY“, Bratislava, Slovakia. Older adult clients with various levels of cognitive functioning could benefit from the combination of creative and reminiscence activities. The importance of creativity and its benefits in senior life is outlined and emphasized
Creativity in foreign language teaching
Authors: Ševečková Monika
Published: January 2020

Developing creativity in foreign language teaching provides students with the opportunity to effectively build language skills as well as increasing their motivation for learning. Practical examples are given using folklore materials (songs, tales, etc.) in learning Russian, as well as contemporary materials reflecting the culture of Russian speaking countries (films, poems, etc.). As well as increasing their ability in the target foreign language students also acquire factual information (realia) through creative language games. In this paper we describe recent findings in the field and propose possible directions for future research.
Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of SOGS-RA in the Polish Version
Authors: Jarczyńska Jolanta
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective was to  adapt the American pathological gambling screening tool /SOGS-RA The South Oaks Gambling Screen - Revised for Adolescent/ by K. Winters, R. Stinchfield and J. Fulkerson (1993) and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Method: The adapted tool was used in research on a randomly selected sample of 2,617 adolescents aged 13-20 years in the 2012/2013 school year.

Results: On the SOGS-RA scale, 2.6% of the trial participants achieved a score indicating past year problem gambling before the survey, 4.1% were classified as problem gamblers, whereas 17.3% of adolescents engaged in social gambling that did not pose a problem gambling risk at the time. The SOGS-RA demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.78).

Conclusions: The Polish adaptation of the SOGS-RA scale is reliable and accurate, which is why it is worth recommending it for use in further research on Polish adolescents.
An Investigation of the Relationship between Digital Game Addiction, Gender and Regular Sport Participation
Authors: Ekinci Nurullah Emir , Ustun Umit Dogan , Ozer Omer
Published: January 2020

This study aims to investigate digital game addiction of high school students according to gender and regular sport participation. For this 398 high school students who were randomly chosen voluntarily participated in the study. In addition to personal information from the Turkish version of Lemmens and colleagues’a  game addiction scale was used as a  data gathering tool. The Turkish adaptation of the scale was done by Aylin Yalcın Irmak and Semra Erdogan in 2015. The Turkish version of the scale consists of one factor and seven items anchored with a five Likert type scale. In the evaluation of the data linear regression was used. The findings of this study revealed that there was a positive relationship between gender and digital game addiction
POSTCOLONIAL TENDENCIES IN TRANSLATION IN THE LIGHT OF CENTRE-PERIPHERY PRE-CONCEPTUAL IMAGE SCHEMA
Authors: Karpińska Patrycja
Published: January 2020

One of the main characteristics of translation is that it can be called everything but stable; multiple cultural, social, political, and economic processes are reflected in translation. Postcolonial studies in translation deal with, among others, cultural and linguistic hegemonies as well as strong and weak – or central and peripheral – cultures and the relations between them. Many of the theories (Even-Zohar, 1979; Tymoczko, 1999) state that strong cultures set an example whereas weak cultures attempt at following this example, even at the cost of their own values and culture (so-called foreignization in translation). It is significant to ask oneself why such processes take place. The investigation of the pre-conceptual image schemata of CENTRE-PERIPHERY and PLUS-MINUS polarity of the SCALE sheds some light on the nature of these interactions (Krzeszowski, 1997).
Which theory of communication is “political correctness”?
Authors: Konye Michael Nnamdi
Published: January 2020

The paper focuses on ‟political correctness”, which has become a late 20th century catch-phrase in Western European and North American liberal democracies but also  has found currency in the political climate of the Asian and Eastern countries. A historical and multi-cultural review is intended as an introduction to a broader philosophical analysis of the Marxist backgrounds of political correctness and its neo-Marxist theoretical correctives in Jürgen Habermas’s theory of communicative action. My aim is to draw out both the educational and cultural implications of laying out the ethos of contemporary discourse on the foundations of the evolving dynamics of the rhetoric of political correctness.
Application of action research methodology in the process of developing tools and solutions used in social practice in the field of the social exclusion phenomenan
Authors: Potorska Alicja Barbara
Published: January 2020

This aim of this article is to present the research process using the action research method in the project titled“Development  of  the  empowerment  of  educators  and  beneficiaries  in  the  field  of  youth  at  risk  and  social exclusion” implemented within the Erasmus Plus programme in which the author of this article participated. The process of operationalisation of the social exclusion category and the characteristics of the methodology of action research were performed in this article. The project objectives were set out and the team appointed to carry out the research on the issue of the development of the empowerment of educators and beneficiaries working with adults at risk of social exclusion was described. The article subjects the research process implemented by the team of investigators to analysis and identifies the turning points in this process. Conclusions concerning the specificity and usefulness of action research in searching for social practice solutions in the field of social exclusion have also been provided on the basis of practical experience.
DEVELOPMENT OF CAREER MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF NEW PODOLOGISTS FOR WORK IN A MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Saulite Marite , Andersone Rudīte
Published: January 2020

Because of the affections of globalization process and because of the changes in social-political situation in world, multicultural environment in Latvia is also changing. Latvia becomes more and more attractive for foreign citizens from Europe the same as for citizens from elsewhere, that choose to settle down here permanently or only for a period of time. That is considerable challenge for education and healthcare.

Workers in field of medicine, and podologs as well, must guide their professional carreer development in mutable multicultural environment. That is why needs of joung specialists are changing too-with knowledge, skills and competencies necessary in proffession, specialists must develop creativity and critical thinking, insight of values and culture, humanism and citizenship, decision-making and problem- solving skills as well as entrepreneurial abilities and communication skills.

In process of prepearing new podologs for work in multicultural environment more important becomes development of those personal attributes set, that are made of tact and diplomacy, as well as development of basic skill set, that includes learning skill and skill to make compromises, but career  management skill set development is characterized by ability to collaborate, ability to notice changes in working environment and ability to give support.

The goal of this article is to describe, theoreticaly and empyricaly, the development of necessary carreer management skills for work in multicultural environment to new podologs.

Keywords: career management skills, study process, podologist, multicultural environment
LEAN-GREEN MANUFACTURING: COLLABORATIVE CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION AND ENGINEERING COURSES
Authors: CALVETE GASPAR MARCELO RUDOLFO , MARTINS DE ANDRADE RÉGIO MÓNICA , AFONSO DE PASSOS MORGADO MARIA MARGARIDA
Published: January 2020

Lean and Green manufacturing processes aim at achieving lower material and labour costs, while reducing impacts on the environment, and promoting sustainability as a whole. This paper reports on a pilot experiment with higher education and engineering students, exploring the full potential of a collaborative approach on courses integrating the Portuguese Polytechnic of Castelo Branco engineering studies curricula, while simultaneously improving their proficiency in English. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has become a key area of curricular innovation since it is known for improving both language and content teacher and student motivation. In this context, instructional design for CLIL entailed tandem work of content (engineering) and language (English) teacher to design learning sequences and strategies. This allowed students to improve not only their language skills in English but also their knowledge in the specific engineering domain content on green and lean manufacturing processes.
Self(ie)-esteem? – A manifestation of adolescent self-creating endeavours in the virtual space of Facebook
Authors: Fejes-Vékássy Lili
Published: January 2020

In the centre of our interest stand the manifestations of adolescent self-creating endeavours in the virtual space of the social media portal called Facebook. Frequent self-photography (selfie) making, as a pronounced cultural feature of contemporary youth, and regular activity on Facebook handled as tightly connected factors; we propose that youngsters, bearing these attributes, have a different self-esteem than those adolescents who rarely or never take any photographs of themselves. In the first, quantitative part of our research the participants (N=80) filled in the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a questionnaire containing questions in connection with Facebook-usage (compiled by us). In the qualitative part of the research the participants took part in a half-structured interview, containing questions in connection with selfie­-making (also compiled by us). Our hypothesis was not proven by the statistical analysis, no connection could be testified between frequent selfie-making and low self-esteem.

Keywords: selfie, self-esteem, adolescence, social media, Facebook
THE PUBLIC AND THE PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP: A SAGA OF SUCCESS AND CHALLENGES IN THE EDUCATIONAL LANDSCAPE OF KERALA
Authors: Tharith Babu K
Published: January 2020

Educational achievements in Kerala, India, includes near total literacy, free and universal primary education, low dropout rates, easy access to Higher education resulting in the exceptional social development and quality of life. It is often acclaimed as the ‘Kerala Model’ with reference to the whole education system in India. The initiatives by missionaries and princely regimes of Travancore and Cochin laid the foundation for education in Kerala. The social reform movements accelerated the spread of education. Large scale Government funding of education was an important factor behind the State’s educational development both in private educational institutions established by any person or agency and recognized by and is receiving aid from Government, and Government institutions established and maintained by State Government. This paper focuses on the unique partnership between the private and the public which paved way for the success of the ‘Kerala model’ of education in India along with its challenges and significance.Key words: public, private, partnership, challenges, educational landscapes
Scientific communication
Authors: Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: January 2020

The article tackles the problem of models of communication in science. The formal division of communication processes into oral and written does not resolve the problem of attitude. The author defines successful communication as a win-win game, based on the respect and equality of the partners, regardless of their position in the world of science. The core characteristics of the process of scientific communication are indicated , such as openness, fairness, support, and creation. The task of creating the right atmosphere for science communication belongs to moderators, who should not allow privilege and differentiation of position to affect scientific communication processes.
The Analysis of the ADHD child Accident incident rates in school environment
Authors: Dončevová Lucie
Published: January 2020

Aim. The main objective of this article is to contribute to the research in the area of accident incident rates among school children.

Methods. A non-standardized, 12-item questionnaire based on independent compilation was used for data collection. The questionnaire contained closed questions which monitor the nature of school-related injuries, gender and age of respondents.

Results. 100 students with diagnosed ADHD and 100 children without ADHD diagnosis participated in the research. The accident and incident data were collected between September 2016 and June 2017. Out of 100 given questionnaires filled by ADHD children, the result shows that 49% of them experienced an injury in school and children without ADHD diagnosis reported injury in only 26% of cases, which means that roughly every second child with a Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder experienced an injury some time during the school year during class, whereas among neurotypical children this ratio would refer to every fourth child.

Conclusions. The results of the analysts pointed at the possible need of informing all staff involved in the education system of ADHD children about the risks of injury in school environment and thus support the prevention of injuries, support the prevention programs which would be focused on children with attention disorders.
SELF-ESTEEM MEDIATES RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SELF-CONCEPT CLARITY AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Morawiak Adrian , Mrozinski Błażej , Gutral Joanna , Cypryańska Marzena , Nezlek John B
Published: January 2020

Aim: The present study was designed to examine relationships between young people’s self-concepts and their perceptions of their futures
Methods: High school students (n = 347) completed measures of the two domains of self‑concept, the evaluative domain, self-esteem, and the knowledge or structural domain, self-concept clarity. They also completed two measures of perceptions of their futures, optimism and future time perspective.
Results: Both measures of self-concept were positively correlated with both measures of perception of the future. For both measures of perceptions of the future, regression analyses found that when perceptions of the future were regressed onto the two measures of self-concept perceptions of the future were significantly related to only self-esteem. Relationships between perceptions of the future and self-concept clarity were not significant. Analyses of mediation found that self-esteem mediated the relationship between self-concept clarity and both measures of perceptions of the future.
Conclusion: Young people with a clearer sense of self and who have higher self-esteem are more optimistic and perceive a longer future than young people with a less clear sense of self and who have lower self-esteem; however, the effects of self-concept clarity disappear after the relationship between clarity and self-esteem are taken into account.
The Actor-Network Theory in the Context of Place-Based Pedagogy
Authors: Wieszaczewska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Space (and place) is a topic that is often the focus of researchers representing social and humanistic fields. Analyses of the significance of places to individuals and groups are carried out also on the basis of pedagogy. The subdiscipline which particularly emphasises the role of place is ‘place-based pedagogy’, and, on the Polish ground, so-called ‘pedagogika miejsca’. Therefore, pedagogues are interested in ways of giving meanings to places by their users, connections of the arrangement of space with its reception by individuals, space valorising and so on. In this article, the author presents the theoretical perspective of post-constructivism and the actor-network theory proposed by B. Latour and then developed and modified by other researchers, which is one of the most well-known (and recognised) strategies of a post-constructive reflection on reality. It can successfully become an approach in which pedagogical research related to the spaces in which people operate would be carried out, which would be a valuable complement to pedagogical considerations on place that has been known to date as of the phenomenological perspective.
Writing what is told
Authors: Gańko Anna
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this paper is to depict difficulties in presenting ethnographically collected narratives - recorded and transcripted – as written texts. Multifaceted fieldwork experience when translated into form required in academic work is unavoidably reduced. It losts variety of aspects impossible to express just by written language required by academic discourse. Simultaneously written language is influencing and shaping pre-textual fieldwork experience.

Method. The study is a theoretical afterthought based on the fieldwork experience gained during research concerning modes of constructing reminiscent narratives in one of lower-silesian villages in years 2013-2016.  

Resullt and Conclusions. The analysis shows indispensable impact of medium of written language of process of gaining and presenting ethnographical knowledge. It presents its influence and limitations in the process of building fieldwork experience.
Environmental Humanities in pre-service teachers' Education
Authors: Martín Ezpeleta Antonio , Echegoyen Sanz Yolanda
Published: January 2020

Aim: The aim of the reserch is to explore the possibility of integrating Sciences and Humanities in the Faculty of Education using Ecocriticism books and literary workshops with didactic activities of interdisciplinary nature.

Methods: The experience was carried out with 100 students of the Faculty of Education of the University of Valencia from the subjects “Natural Sciences for teachers” and “Literary training for teachers”, where different didactic activities around two literary works, a novel and a short story, were proposed.

Results: After the activities, the vast mayority of the students consider that Literature can help to learn Science. 41'7% of the students of “Literary training for teachers” and 62.5% of “Natural Sciences for teachers” consider the integration of Sciences and Humanities in class “very important”; and 55.6% and 29.2% “quite important”. More than 90% of the students said they were “very” or “quite” conscious of sustainability and environmental protection, although the percentages vary slightly between the two classes.

Conclusion: With this study we have shown that Ecocriticism and Education are two interlinked concepts, in the same way that literature and society are. Using the socializing function of literature is when we can have greater educational performance in the current classrooms, because it allows the students to connect their reality with the texts. These ecocriticism works are a first-order didactic resource to raise awareness about environmental and sustainability problems in pre-service teachers that will transmit the message to their future students.
Foreign Language learning and teaching Enjoyment: Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Mierzwa Ewelina
Published: January 2020

Aim. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the level of Foreign Language learning Enjoyment and Foreign Language teaching Enjoyment experienced by foreign language teachers in Poland. The secondary aim of the study was to investigate the sources of FLE from the perspective of FL teachers.

 Methods. The informants of the study were Polish educators teaching foreign languages at different educational levels (from primary to tertiary education). To compute the obtained quantitative data, the statistical program STATISTICA was used. Standard descriptive and inferential statistics were used to report means, median and standard deviation for sociodemographic and baseline characteristics of the sample. The t-Test and one-way ANOVA were used to show mean differences in the score data.

Results. The results of the study revealed that foreign language teachers experienced a relatively high lvel of both Foreign Language learning Enjoyment) and Foreign Language teaching Enjoyment (FL teaching Enjoyment), regardless of independent variables (e.g. place of residence, level of education, language being taught, the years of experience). The result revealed a significant gender difference in FL learning Enjoyment in favor of females, while there was no gender difference in FL teaching Enjoyment. A qualitative analysis of participants’ emotional experiences in FL classroom confirmed previous research on FLE to a certain degree. That is, FLE is more related to learner-internal and teacher-specific variables than to the behavior of the peers and the atmosphere created in the FL classroom.

Conclusion. The originality of the present study lies in the choice of a mixed method approach (both of a qualitative and quantitative nature) using a relatively large sample in a field characterized by case studies. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study on foreign language enjoyment among teachers within the Polish educational context.
Orthodoxy – the symbolic language of the drama July by Ivan Vyrypaev
Authors: Karlikowska-Pąsiek Magdalena Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of the paper is to interpret and analyse Orthodox symbols through the prism of the Orthodox theology.

Methods. The senses of the Orthodox symbolism as proposed by the artist are not always compliant with Orthodox doctrine. Therefore, in order to fully understand the sense of Ivan Vyrypaev’s drama, it is necessary to first decode the Orthodox symbols that make up the language of the work discussed. For this reason, the major Orthodox symbols occurring in July will be listed at the very beginning of the paper. Then, they will be discussed in the context of the Orthodox theology as well as the artist’s own words. This task will contribute to the decoding of the language of I. Vyrypaev’s work.

Results. According to I. Vyrypaev, the cruelty of a patient of the Smolensk madhouse is an inverted hierarchy of values which at the same time serves as his path of inquiry. On the other hand, the superficial attitudes, such as good, culture, humanitarianism, liberal values or democracy are obstacles (demons) which he has to overcome in order to find himself and God. The Orthodox symbols in July are allegories by means of which the author wants to show the main hero’s path to the truth. Furthermore, a justification for this way of thinking is one of the mottos that I. Vyrypaev included in July.

            Conclusions. In the drama July, I. Vyrypaev utilised the following sacral symbols: the theological significance of the Church in the Orthodox faith, the idea of communality, the concept of Orthodox humility as well as the idea of deification and martyrdom. The threads of the Orthodox symbolism used by I. Vyrypaev are superficial and should not be interpreted literally. The author consciously inverts the hierarchy of the Orthodox symbols in his work in order to show the bewilderment and corruption of the modern society. In the drama July I. Vyrypaev is more focused on being inspired by the Orthodox culture than on closely reflecting its senses. The symbolism of the altar and the ideas of martyrdom as applied in July are similar to the Christian symbols in the Roman Catholic approach.
Social responsibility of science
Authors: Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: January 2020

This article tackles the problem of social involvement by academics and researchers. The author defines social responsibility widely as the involvement of knowledge, academics and educational institutions in solving the problems of the local community. The concept predicts that this can come about not only by disseminating research results, but also by involvement in  pro-social activity without loss of autonomy. The author shows that this can be a way of building trust in science, as well as being a tool in opposing the anti-science culture. It can also be a means of rebuilding the status of science in a world of information bubbles and fake news.
The phenomenon of prostitution among students
Authors: Wylęgły Kamila
Published: January 2020

Aim of research. The main goal of this paper is to analyse the phenomenon of prostitution among university students. The study presents the scale of this phenomenon and its causes.

Methodology. The study was conducted among 1,877 university students. Respondents were interviewed through an online panel survey. Students spoke about their own experience in prostitution and shared thoughts about the approval for this phenomenon.

Results and conclusions. Based on obtained answers, it was possible to identify conditioning for student prostitution, which encompasses biological, psychological, environmental, cultural, and economic factors. Moreover, students mentioned additional reasons for taking up prostitution: difficult financial situation during studies, above-average sex drive, laziness, and consumer mentality supported by the culture of promiscuity. It turned out that each of the mentioned factors may encourage students to become involved in prostitution. The analysis also drew attention to the lack of sexual education, conducive to risky sexual behaviours of young people. The research has shown that a large group of students exchange sex for money.

Originality. The risky sexual behaviours of students are still an unexplored area of knowledge. Prostitution, due to its controversial nature, is treated as a taboo subject. The article proves that the phenomenon of student prostitution is common and requires a more in-depth analysis.
La ciencia, y las revistas científicas, son una farsa si la verdad no existe
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis F.
Published: January 2020

Se presentan algunos argumentos para justificar cómo las normas y criterios actualmente aplicados en la ciencia y en las revistas científicas presuponen que la verdad existe y que la podemos conocer.
Changes in heart rate and blood lactate concentration during karate kata competition
Authors: Penov R. , Petrov P. , Kolimechkov S.
Published: January 2020

Background and Study Aim : Karate is going to take part in the Olympic games, for the first time in Tokyo 2020. The aim of this study was to analyse the changes in heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration of karate practitioners performing different katas in competitive conditions. Material and Methods : This study consisted of five elite male athletes (26.80±5.97 years), members of the Bulgarian national team in Shotokan karate, competing in the kata discipline. The study was conducted in competitive conditions during national competitions, in which three katas were performed by each of the competitors. Capillary blood lactate concentration (La) was determined at rest and after each kata. Heart rate (HR) was registered and physical activity was monitored by using three-dimensional accelerometers. Results: The mean La increased progressively after each following kata: 1.4±0.32 mmol/L at rest, 4.7±1.91 mmol/L after the first, 6.8±2.59 mmol/L after the second, and 7.1±2.35 mmol/L after the third kata. This increase was significant after the second (р<0.05) and third (р<0.01) kata, in comparison with the registered La at rest. The mean HR values reached 179±11.55 bpm during the first, 180±11.63 bpm during the second, and 181.5±15.44 bpm during the third kata. Conclusions: The La appeared to be a more informative parameter than heart rate, and the moderate increase of the La values (4-6 mmol/L) indicated optimal muscle tension and amplitude of moves when performing katas in competitive conditions. Further research is needed to determine the optimal La levels for the performance of different katas.
Aspects of psychomotor development of primary school children with hearing loss from the standpoint of Bernstein's theory of movement construction
Authors: Stepanchenko N.I. , Hrybovska I.B. , Danylevych M.V. , Hryboskyy R.V.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: As the latest research shows, psychomotor development and motor learning of deaf children is garnering a great deal of attention from scientists. Effectively correcting the psychomotor development of hearing-impaired kids requires a deep understanding of the disorders, structures, depth, and the children’s potential motor learning capabilities. We believe this understanding can be reached with the Bernstein approach. However, we were able to find only a handful of studies on psychomotor development of hearing-impaired children from the point of view of the theory of how motor skills are formed. Based on this theory, the purpose of this study was to create a diagnostic program that can evaluate and analyze psychomotor disorders and uncover their mechanism in hearing impaired kids compared to their peers with normal hearing. Methods: The study included 54 children from primary schools in Lviv with normal hearing and 94 primary school children with hearing loss from the Lviv Specialized Boarding School named after Maria Pokrova №101 and the Zhovkiv Training and Rehabilitation Center “Zlagoda” (51 children with hearing loss and 43 deaf children). The research sample we chose was random and the children ranged in age from 7-8 years old. To study a single motor skill based on the involvement of multiple levels of central nervous system control, the jump model was chosen. The study consisted of 10 tests, each of which was rated on a 5point scale. Gathered and analysed data were used for the quantitative method. Result: It was established that children with hearing loss had psychomotor retardation on all motor skill levels compared to their peers with normal hearing. Hearing impaired children had a low level of static and dynamic coordination, speed of movement, and motor memory. The lowest level of development was purposeful movement. Conclusions: We identified specific psychomotor disorders in primary school children with hearing loss compared to their peers with normal hearing on all levels of motor skill formation, and found correlations between the overall assessment of hearing impaired children and the studied components by level of movement construction: for any motor activity, there is a primary level, which forms the foundation of the movement and all other levels that are activated when performing the movement. The aspects of sensory-motor functions in primary school children with hearing loss depend on the level of hearing loss and consist of an absence of coordination on multiple levels of movement construction.
SWOT Analysis on The Transformation of Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Solihin Muhammad , Jalaludin Jalaludin , Novita Mona , Ismail M. Syukri
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the internal and external conditions of STAI (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam/Islamic Higher Education)Â Yasni Muara Bungo in formulating a strategy for changing the form of a higher education institution using TOWS and SPACE Matrix analysis tools as new model of SWOT analysis. This is a case study using a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques were conducted using interviews, surveys and questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using TOWS and SPACE matrices. The result of TOWS matrix analysis shows that some alternatives can be applied by STAI Yasni Muara Bungo in changing its form to IAI or Institut Agama Islam (Islamic Institute) Yasni Muara Bungo are the following: (1) Strengthening the input of higher education components (Funding / education costs); (2) Developing of educational / academic, cultural and academic ethics programs in STAI Yasni Muara Bungo; and (3) Improving the quality of the curriculum that is integrated with Islamic elements, global and modern projections. While the results of the SPACE matrix show STAI Yasni Muara Bungo is in the Aggressive quadrant, meaning that it has more dominant strengths and opportunities than weaknesses and threats, making it very possible to be developed into the Islamic Institute of Religion (IAI) Yasni Muara Bungo.
Strategic Management in Increasing Educational Participation for 12-year Compulsory Education
Authors: Ramdhan Dadan F , Syafeâ€™i Isop
Published: January 2020

In Indonesia, education has many problems to take into consideration. One of them is that SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama/Junior high school) graduates could not continue to SMA (Sekolah Menengah Atas/Senior high school) level. This research was aimed at investigating accurate data and information regarding strategic management administered by education and culture office of Sukabumi city in improving educational participation. This research applies strategic management model proposed by Hunger-Wheelen. This study was qualitative using case study. Data were collected using interview, documentation, and observation. The Education and Culture Office of Sukabumi City had no specific vision and mission for the implementation of 12-year secondary education. The strategies included providing financial support in many programs like kartu pintar, Direct Help Card, and scholarships for poor families. The implementations were based on programs, budgets and procedures. In general, the implementation had been successful but it has two programs which had not succeeded namely retrieval program and program to support student who were prone to drop out. Strategy evaluation was done according to the system, types, and the management.
â€˜Uzlah Practice to Enhance Santriâ€™s Mentality and Spirituality
Authors: Arifin Zaenal , Rhoyachin Mayashofa
Published: January 2020

This article aims to investigate how santri understood the concept of â€˜uzlah in Pesantren and how they participated in â€˜uzlah activities to enhance their mentality and spirituality. Â â€˜Uzlah is a form of self-isolation and an effort to detach from everything dealing with the world. Its purpose is to get closer to Allah. The research applied Al â€“ Ghazali framework theory to describe and elaborate studentsâ€™ uzlah practice. The type of the research was qualitative applying phenomenology approach. The data collection technique were observation and focus group discussion for students to investigate their understanding on â€˜uzlah practice. The data analysis process applied flow models as the followings: data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The research found that the santri understood concept of â€˜uzlah as the way to perform activity and a treatment that position themselves to live with the Sufi attitude without ignoring their role as a member of society. Through the activity of â€˜uzlah, santriâ€™s spirituality and mentality were built as a form of integrity between religious activity and their factual life pattern in the society.
Islamic Education Construction in the Perspective of Falsification of Karl R. Popper
Authors: Razaq Abd. Rahim , Umiarso Umiarso
Published: January 2020

Epistemology as a branch in philosophy has an important position in science including in Islamic education. This research critically examines the epistemological construction of Islamic education through a perspective of falsification which was coined by Karl R. Popper. This research used a qualitative approach to the type of literature study and analyzes data through a productive hermeneutical approach. The conclusion of this research shows that scientific epistemology needs to be designed to understand the theories, concepts, and propositions of the Islamic education system. Scientific epistemology contains the verificative-philosophical logic and intuition-revelation logic (Qur'an and al-Hadith. This epistemology has a rational-critical, empirical, intuitive, and prophetic (illahiyah) dimension and it is called Prophetic Criticism. The implication is that Islamic education will have an integrative view of the profane (physical) and transcendental (metaphysical) side. Islamic education is the logical-superlogical content of subjective-objective thinking, the world of theory-supratheory, and critical argumentation with a rational-intuitive foundation of self and outside self-views.
Relationship between Studentsâ€™ Emotional Intelligence and Their Tadarus Al-Qurâ€™an Activities
Authors: Syahbudin Zaitun , Muthia Rita Ayu , Thahir Musa
Published: January 2020

Emotional intelligence has been considered as contributing factor to studentsâ€™ achievement in their academic life. Unfortunately, this intelligence seems to neglect on the part of students. InÂ SMK (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan/Vocational School)Â  Negeri 2 Pekanbaru, students had religious program namely Tadarus Al-Qurâ€™an from 2013 until now but this program contributes less to their emotional intelligence. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between studentsâ€™ participation in extracurricular activities of Tadarus Al-Qurâ€™an with their emotional intelligence. This study was quantitative and it applied correlational method. Data were collected through questionnaires and 232 students participated in this study. The results were analyzed by product-moment correlation test and linear regression. The results showed that based on the grouping of studentsâ€™ answer scores for emotional intelligence as follows: high group of 9.57%, medium group 69.57% and low group, 20.87%. This is based on the product-moment correlation test results and linear regression test results, both at the 5% level and at the 1% level. It can be concluded that there was a significant relationship between studentsâ€™ participation in extracurricular activities Al-Qurâ€™an and their emotional intelligence.
In search of Atheism: Benjamin and Nietzsche on secularity and occult theologies
Authors: Martel James
Published: January 2020

In this article, I argue that atheism is different from secularism. Secularism is based on a faux elimination of theology which effectively preserves that theology in the guise of overcoming it. To achieve atheism (a term that I draw from the work of Maria Aristodemou), I argue that one needs to directly confront the theological element in order to come to terms with it. In this essay I look at how two political theological thinkers, Nietzsche and Benjamin, accomplish this. Nie-tzsche accomplishes atheism via his thesis of the “death of God,” a death that is not always literal but which creates a space for human life that is not determined by theological terms. Benjamin does the same thing with his idea that God vacates divine powers of judgment and determination in order to allow an atheistic space where human beings can engage in their own self-determination (even as the notion of God remains to challenge any would be human spokespersons for that role). I ultimately argue that atheism and anarchism are related concepts based not just on a rejection of certain forms of theology and all forms of archism, but also in terms of the way they allow a posi-tive and undetermined human response.
Measuring the Performance of Retailer Firms Listed in BIST under the Balanced Scorecard Perspective by Using Interval Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP Based Pythagorean Fuzzy TODIM Methodology
Authors: ERDOĞAN Namık Kemal , ONAY Ahmet , KARAMAŞA Çağlar
Published: January 2020

The philosophy behind the Balanced Scorecard is the necessity for an operator to transform non-financial criteria into data sources for the management information system, as well as financial criteria for all governance levels. The Balanced Scorecard introduces solutions to the problems that arise from the failures encountered in strategic management and the inadequacy of traditional performance management systems that lag behind the information age in today's intensely competitive environment, which is pushing businesses more and more. In this study, the performance of 12 retailer firms listed in BIST are measured under the balanced scorecard (BSC) perspective by handling 4 main criteria (financial, customer, internal business process and learning & growth perspectives). Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFS) are considered in order to better represent experts judgments under inconsistent and indeterminate environment. Following that TODIM methodology, that analyzes decision makers’ psychological behaviors under risk, is used to rank the firms. While economic loyalty sub-criterion was found as the most important one, participation in management was acquired as the least important one after applying interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy AHP. Finally, Firm F was ranked as the most successful firm according to decision makers under balanced scorecard performance criteria.