bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The gender logic and effects of instrument mixes: implementing eldercare policy in Canada
Authors: Scala Francesca , Paterson Stephanie , Richard-Nobert Laurence
Published: July 2019

Although policy instruments are often conceptualized as technical or neutral tools through which ideas and outcomes are connected, this article focuses on the discursive dimensions of policy instruments in Canada’s eldercare policy to explore their gendered and gendering logics and effects. Using frame analysis, we examine government acts, public reports and policy documents to uncover how different policy instruments at the federal and subnational levels frame caregiving and the caregiver. In doing so, we identify three distinct and contradictory frames – caregiver as resource, caregiver as worker and caregiver as autonomy – and illuminate their effects for gender equality outcomes. By looking at the implementation of eldercare policies in different provinces and across different government levels, we advance a better understanding of the gendered meanings and effects of instruments mixes.
The molecular architecture of the meiotic spindle is remodeled during metaphase arrest in oocytes
Authors: Costa Mariana F.A. , Ohkura Hiroyuki
Published: July 2019

Before fertilization, oocytes of most species undergo a long, natural arrest in metaphase. Before this, prometaphase I is also prolonged, due to late stable kinetochore–microtubule attachment. How oocytes stably maintain the dynamic spindle for hours during these periods is poorly understood. Here we report that the bipolar spindle changes its molecular architecture during the long prometaphase/metaphase I in Drosophila melanogaster oocytes. By generating transgenic flies expressing GFP-tagged spindle proteins, we found that 14 of 25 spindle proteins change their distribution in the bipolar spindle. Among them, microtubule cross-linking kinesins, MKlp1/Pavarotti and kinesin-5/Klp61F, accumulate to the spindle equator in late metaphase. We found that the late equator accumulation of MKlp1/Pavarotti is regulated by a mechanism distinct from that in mitosis. While MKlp1/Pavarotti contributes to the control of spindle length, kinesin-5/Klp61F is crucial for maintaining a bipolar spindle during metaphase I arrest. Our study provides novel insight into how oocytes maintain a bipolar spindle during metaphase arrest.
Spastin joins LDs and peroxisomes in the interorganelle contact ballet
Authors: Henne W. Mike
Published: July 2019

Lipid droplets (LDs) store energy-rich fatty acids (FAs), but to harvest them, LDs donate FAs to peroxisomes for oxidation. In this issue, Chang et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201902061) identify M1 Spastin as an LD–peroxisome tether that interacts with ESCRT-III components to facilitate lipid exchange between these two organelles.
Effective radium activity, radon exhalation rate and uranium concentrations in medicinal plants
Authors: Alkhafaji H N , Abojassim A A , Alkufi A A
Published: July 2019

In the present work, effective radium activity, radon exhalation rates and uranium in medicinal plants have been measured,samples collected from Iraqi markets. Sealed cup technique containing CR-39 solid state nuclear detector was used. Radium concentration varies from (0.0297 ± 0.004) Bq/kg to (0.327 ± 0.126) Bq/kg with an average of (0.142 ± 0.025) Bq/kg. The radon exhalation rate in terms of area varies from (2.287 ± 0.384) μBq/m2.d to (25.193 ± 9.729) μBq/m2.d with an average of (10.986 ± 1.989) μBq/m2.d, while uranium concentrations were ranged from (0.018 ± 0.002) ppm to (0.202 ± 0.057) ppm with an average (0.087 ± 0.002) ppm. The values of radium concentration, exhalation rates and uranium in all the medicinal plants samples were less than the recommended by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), United Nations and Scientific Committee On The Effects Of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) respectively. The results have revealed that the radium and uranium concentration as well as exhalation rates in studied medicinal plants and the associated exhalation radon does not pose risk to human health.
Large Geomagnetic Storms Drives by Solar Wind in Solar Cycle 24
Authors: Al-Feadh Doha , Al-Ramdhan Wathiq
Published: July 2019

Various solar phenomena cause anomalous circumstances in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind plasma emissions. These will produce geomagnetic field disturbances for near earth space at 1AU known as geomagnetic storm.

A selection of solar magnetic storm for the period (2010-2017) have been analyzed, associated with disturbance geomagnetic storm intensity (Dst) less than (-50 nT). Through the study epoch, we found 50 great solar magnetic storms, 32 were moderate, 16 were strong, and two were severe. The major severe storm occurred on 17th of March in 2015 with (Dst ∼ - 223 nT). The most of Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) that initiated the geomagnetic storms have visual width of 360 degree, and with sky plane speed around (350-2500) Km s-1. There is a better correlation for sunspot number than (CME sky plane speed with Dst index. In this investigation, we notice that the strength of geomagnetic storms has a behavior that is in harmony with solar activity extent.

The reciprocal relation between geomagnetic activity and solar activity infers that space systems and many communications could be harmfully precious for numerous years after an exciting solar maximum.
Development of carbon nanotubes catalyst supported for alkaline fuel cell technology
Authors: Mohammed Haleemah J. , Ali Nathera A.
Published: July 2019

Study of the development of an activated carbon nanotube catalyst for alkaline fuel cell technology. Through the prepared carbon nanotubes catalyst by an electrochemical deposition technique. Different analytical approaches such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the structural properties and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were used to characterize, Mesh stainless steel catalyst substrate had an envelope structure and a large surface area. Voltages were also obtained at 1.83 V and current at 3.2 A of alkaline fuel cell. In addition, study the characterization of the electrochemical parameters.
Structural, Morphological and Optical Characterization of Tin Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Film by (SPT)
Authors: Hassan Ehssan S , Mubarak Tahseen H , Abass Khalid H , Chiad Sami S , Habubi Nadir F , Rahid Maher H , Khadayeir Abdulhussain A , Dawod Mohamed O , Al-Baidhany Ismaeel A
Published: July 2019

Thin films of tin doped zinc oxide (ZnO: Sn) with thickness 300 ± 30 nm prepared by spray pyrolysis method at substrate temperatures of 400°C. The structure, surface morphological and optical properties were studied, for Two weight ratios of doping (2 and 4) wt %. The results of X-Ray measurements showed that all deposit samples have a polycrystalline pattern with hexagonal wurtzite type structure. The films crystallites were oriented along (002) plane. The morphology measurements obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that there is a change in the surface texture by the increasing of tin weight ratios with the rate of porosity of the surface when treating with 4wt %. The measurement of Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed nano particles sized and the roughness of the surface decrease to increase deflection, while optical measurements showed a decrease The energy gap of the models that are expected in the undoped samples.
Ultrahigh Gain from Plasmonic Quantum Dot Nanolaser
Authors: Jabir Jamal N , Ameen S M M , Al-Khursan Amin H
Published: July 2019

This work studies the gain from quantum dot plasmonic nanolaser. A metal/semiconductor/metal structure was considered to attain plasmonic nanocavity with active region contains: quantum dot, wetting layer and barrier layers. Band alignment between layers was used to predict their parameters. Momentum matrix element for transverse magnetic mode in quantum dot structure was formulated. Waveguide Fermi energy was introduced and formulated, for the first time, in this work to cover the waveguide contribution (Ag metal layer) in addition to the active region. The gain obtained here overcomes the electron scattering losses which promises in high gain, high power and high speed applications. The waveguide Fermi energy goes deep in the valence band which explains the high gain, where it is shown that covering the structure by a metal makes valence band quantum dot states fully occupied which refers to an efficient hole contribution.
Removal chromium (VI) from water by magnetic carbon nano-composite made by burned straw
Authors: Obaid Saba A
Published: July 2019

Magnetic activated carbon Nano composite was made by burning Gundelia tournefortii straw in a simple and inexpensive method. Effects of the magnetic activated carbon Nano composite on Chromium (VI) adsorption from water was measured in terms of various parameters. Adsorbent has been characterizing by FTIR, VSD, UV, SEM and XRD studies. Adsorption practical carried out systematization by batched practical in investigating the influence of differentiable factors, as such as absorbent dose, Chromium (VI) concentration, pH, contact time and temperature. Our results show that the prepared Nano composite is ferromagnetic and the optimal condition for removing obtained as follows: 50ppm concentrations, pH=5, 0.03 gr of adsorbent dose and 25°C temperature. We show that activated carbon magnetic Nano composite can be used as a potential absorbent for removing Chromium ions from water. The cleaning solution of synthetically waste of water possesses had been a successful performer by swift removals via chromium (VI) through Artichoke Straw particle from aqueous sol.
Mixed symmetry states for 70Zn, 72Ge, 74Se, 76Kr isotones by using IBM-2
Authors: Abdul Kadhim Hadi Al-Sadi Mohammed , Shakir Kadhim Qasim , Hassan Abdul Zahrah Yasi Salwan
Published: July 2019

In present study we have calculated some nuclear properties for 70Zn, 72Ge, 74Se, 76Kr isotones, by using interacting boson proton and neutron model and calculated some properties for these isotones, firstly: excited energy levels by guessing a small number of parameters in Hamiltonian operators, secondly: display the energy levels

(

2
5
+

,

3
1
+

,

5
1
+

,

1
1
+

)

that have Mixed symmetry of state (MSS) property which gets a quick response when changing majorana term ζ2, as a result of mixing between the wave function of protons and wave function of neutrons. Thirdly: it has been calculated energy ratios

4
1
+

/

2
1
+

and

6
1
+

/

2
1
+

it was found that these isotones have a varied dynamic symmetries. Starting from the symmetry U(5) of the 70Zn nuclei then passing through the transition region between (U5-O6) for 72Ge, 74Se nuclei and finally approaching to the O(6) symmetry for 76Kr nuclei. As well as have been calculated the probability for electric quadruple transition B(E2), magnetic dipole B(M1) and mixing ratios δ(E2/M1), which All express a good Agreement compared with experimental data.
Effect of aluminum content on the structural, morphology, and electrical properties of Al1-xSbxthin films
Authors: Hasan Bushra A , Uamran Duaa A
Published: July 2019

Bulk AlxSb1-x samples were prepared with different x ratios (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9) by quenching technique. This was done throughout mixing the aluminum and antimony elements according to the proper atomic weight and put them in an evacuated quartz ampoule which then sealed and heated at 1273 K for five hours and left to cool in air. Thin films of AlxSb1-xwere prepared by using thermal evaporation under vacuum of 10-5 mbar on glass substrates at room temperature with deposition rate (10-15nm/min) at thickness of ∼ 500nm. The structures of AlxSb1-x bulk and thin films have been studied by X–ray diffraction technique. The results showed that all alloys have polycrystalline structures and the peaks at composition ratio x = 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 were identical with the AlSb standard peaks while at x = 0.1 and 0.9 the peaks are identical with Sb and Al respectively. The x-ray pattern of the prepared thin films are polycrystalline and the peaks identical with cubic structure also the peaks intensity decrease with the increase of aluminum ratio in the prepared thin films. AFM measurements showed the non-regular variation (increasing and decreasing) of both the average grain size and average surface roughness with the increasing of composition ratio. AlxSb1-x thin films showed high charge carrier concentration nHespecially at x = 0.1 and 0.3 on the other side charge carrier concentration showed reduction with the increase of aluminum content whereas nHreach minimum value at x = 0.7 and then increases with further increase of aluminum content. The electrical conductivity of AlxSb1-x declare similar behavior where it reach minimum value at x = 0.5. From another side AlxSb1-x thin films show high conductivity resemble that of metallic material especially also at x = 0.1 and 0.3.
Enhanced sensing properties of WO3 and its binary systems for thin films gas sensors
Authors: Hasan Bushra A. , Hamza Lena F. , Uamran Duaa A.
Published: July 2019

Thin films of pure WO3 and the binary systems of TiO2:WO3,MoO3:WO3,Cr2O3:WO3, and SnO2:WO3 were prepared by pulsed laser deposition method. The single and binary compounds were sintered at 1273K for five hours. The deposition were done under vacuum of 2x10-2 Torr at various substrates like glass and single crystal silicon wafer with negative conductance at ambient temperature thickness of ≍150 nm. The structures and morphology of pure WO3 and the binary systems TiO2:WO3,MoO3:WO3,Cr2O3:WO3, and SnO2:WO3 compounds and the deposited thin films were studied by X–ray diffraction and AFM atomic force microscope. The optical properties imply optical energy gap as well as optical constants for all the single and binary system were determined and discussed. The results of gas sensing measurements to NO2 gas showed that MoO3:WO3 sensors prepared on n- Si substrate showed maximum sensitivity (194.5%) at operating temperature 300K.
Investigation of the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Co+2 –Ti+4 Substituted Barium Ferrite Powder Prepared by Sol – Gel Method
Authors: Hussain Saleem A
Published: July 2019

In this research, Hexagonal barium ferrites and Co+2-Ti+4 substituted barium hex ferrite particles are prepared by the Sol-gel method. The starting materials were appropriate amount of barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), Iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)3) and citric acid (C6H8O7.H2O) were dissolved into distilled water. When water evaporated, the mixture became viscous and finally formed a very viscous brown dried gel. the sample was calcenid at 950°C for 5 h at a rate of 150 °C/h. to obtain a ferrite powder. The XRD method, using CuKα radiation (wave length λ=0.15405 nm) was used for product identification and phase structure at room temperature. The surface morphology of the powder was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The absorption vibrations of the prepared samples were performed by a Fourier transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer from 4000 cm-1 to 400 cm-1. The magnetic properties for the prepared samples were obtained using a vibrating sample magnetometer.
Theoretical study for chromen azodyes derivative compounds as anti-corrosive
Authors: Merdan M , Jalal Al-den Fakar Al-den Dina , Al-khafaji Yahya , Abbas Ahmed S.
Published: July 2019

The anti-corrosive behaviour of some azodyes compounds derivatives,(a)4,6,7-trimethyl-8-((2-nitrophenyl) diazenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one, (b)2-((4,6,7-trimethyl-2-oxo-chromen-8-yl) diazenyl) benzoic acid, (c) 4,6,7-trimethyl-8-(phenyldiazenyl)-chromen-2-one, (d) 8-((2-hydroxyphenyl) diazenyl)-4,6,7-trimethyl-chromen-2-one and (e) 8-((2-methoxyphenyl) diazenyl)-4,6,7-trimethyl-chromen-2-one are investigated using density functional B3LYP/6-311G. Electronic properties such as; the highest occupied molecular orbital, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, the dipole moment, the softness, total energy and the total negative charge are calculated to find a relation between their structural properties and the inhibition efficiency. The calculated quantum chemical parameters correlated to the inhibition efficiency are measured. The results showed a good correlation between the experimental inhibition efficiency and the quantum chemical parameters.
Structural and DFT/TD-DFT Investigation of New Rhenium Metal Complexes
Authors: Najeeb Hussein N. , Alshareefi Mohammed A. , Abbood Hamid I.
Published: July 2019

Density functional calculations have been performed to study new rhenium metal complexes. Several molecular properties, such as conformational equilibrium, optimal geometry, and vibrational frequencies, have been computed for these molecules. Ionization energy, electronic affinity and energy gap were also computed. The results showed a suitable SDD basis sets were used to investigate the relaxation of such complexes. We showed the types and positions of ligands in the complex play a significant role in electronic applications.
Studying of Nonlinear Optical Properties of Binary Bi2S3 and Bi2Te3/PMMA Nanocomposite Films by Z-Scan Technique
Authors: Shubar M Y , Saadon H L , Abbas Saeed J
Published: July 2019

For measuring the nonlinear refraction index n2 and absorption index β, we have used modified Z-scan technique with the single laser beam. The media is a nanocomposite films made from the binary (Bi2S3 and Bi2Te3) with PMMA. The material is prepared via the microwave-assisted chemical method. The Characterization of the nanocomposite films was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and U-V spectroscopy. The band gaps of Bi2S3 and Bi2Te3 are 2.6ev and 2.38ev respectively. XRD shows that Bi2S3 and Bi2Te3 have orthorhombic and trigonal (hexagonal axes) structures respectively. The optical non-linearity is intensity dependent. The nanocomposite films exhibit self-defocusing nonlinearity beneath the empirical conditions. Both samples exhibit a large negative nonlinear refractive index and good nonlinear absorption coefficient with increasing laser input power. The spotted nonlinear refraction and absorption are related to thermal in nature and reverse Saturable absorption, respectively. The obtained results indicate that the nanocomposite films may open several new possibilities of using these materials in all-optical element devices.
Measuring of Alpha particles in Blood samples of Leukemia patients in Babylon governorate, Iraq
Authors: Showard Ansam F. , Aswood Murtadha Sh.
Published: July 2019

After the 1991 and 2003 Gulf war increased incidence of cancer especially (leukemia) in Babylon city which is a major motivation to measure the concentration of alpha particles in human blood. CR-39 using to measure the alpha particles emitted from radon concentration in thirty human blood samples for patients and healthy was collected from Morgan Hospital, Babylon, Iraq. The result is showed the highest concentrations in the blood sample for leukemia patient collected from centre city is 13.98 ± 0.94 Bq/m3. Whilst, the lowest concentration is collected from Al-Mudhatia 5.24 ± 0.54 Bq/m3 with an average value is 7.79 ± 0.51 Bq/m3. On the other hand, the concentration of alpha particles emitted from radon concentration in male blood samples higher than concentration in female blood samples. A negative correlation between the disease age and alpha particles concentration in human blood was found. The comparison shows that the concentration of alpha particles in the human blood samples in the present study is lower than the concentration of alpha particles reported by UNSCEAR (2000).
Comparative histological study of skin in Jenubi and its crossbreed cow
Authors: Alsodany A , Alderawi K , Mraisel A
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to comparative the histological structure of skin in Jenubi cow and its Friesians crossbreed cow. Samples of skin were collected from abdominal regions of Jenubi cow and its Friesians crossbreed cow immediately after slaughter in Governorate of Misan. The results showed similarities in the structure of the normal skin layers which was consists of three layers epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. Sweet glands was more distributed in the region between papillary and reticular layer and are associated with hair follicles. The primary hair follicle was associated with Sebaceous glands which were scattered in the deeper part of the reticular layer in both Jenubi and cross breed skin. The deference’s found in the micrometrical observations in the dermal layer, these variations between breeds in epithelium thickness of sweet glands where small in Jenubi cow while the epithelium thickness of crossbreed cow was more greater. The present study it was revealed that the sweat gland diameter in the skin of Jenubi cow was lower than in crossbreed cow. The conclusion of this study revealed that the location of the papillary layer is superficial and just under the basement membrane while the reticular layer composed the deeper layer in the dermis. The type of sebaceous gland was a simple, branched or compound. The epithelium thickness of sweet glands in crossbreed cow was more greater than Jenubi cow.
Influence of Different Concentrations of Nano-Copper Oxide on the Growth of Coelastrella terrestris
Authors: Al-Khazali Zahra K.M. , Alghanmi Haider A.
Published: July 2019

This paper conducted on the effect of nanoparticles on the growth of green alga Coelastrella terrestris which was firstly used to find out the effect of nanoparticles on its growth. Four concentrations of copper were used, represented by a proper concentration of CuSO4 that exists in the Chu-10 medium 0.08 mg/l, as control treatment and the rest was CuO nanoparticles represented by (0.04, 0.08 and 0.16) mg/l. Results of exposure of the Coelastrella terrestris to the copper nanoparticles showed a decrease in the growth rate, chlorophyll a,b and carotenoids in comparison to the control treatment which gave the best results of the characteristics. Results were confirmed by the results of the statistical analysis at P<0.05. Although the Copper plays a vital role in fundamental physiological processes. However, CuO in nanoparticles form becomes toxic, causing growth inhibition of alga due to adverse impacts on the same cellular processes.
Anti-neoplastic effect of epigallocatechin gallate on breast cancer cells through glucose metabolism
Authors: Al-Shaeli S J , Ethaeb A M , Brown J E
Published: July 2019

Breast cancer (BC) is the primary cause of women cancer death, which could be prevented by EGCG that has been recently shown several health properties included anti-cancer, however the mechanism underpinning still poorly understood. In this study, several biological activities of both MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were evaluated in response to EGCG. Cell viability and the role of Akt and AMPK inhibitor molecules, and sodium pyruvate on this viability, apoptosis, metastasis, and interestingly regulation of glucose metabolism were assessed. EGCG promoted cytotoxicity in both BC cell lines after 24h but not less. Co-incubated cells with Akt and AMPK inhibitors alongside EGCG significantly caused more reduction in cell viability compared to the effect of EGCG alone with maximum effect referred to Akt inhibitor. While supplemented sodium pyruvate significantly restored the decreases in cell viability. Remarkably, EGCG induced apoptosis through increased caspase 3/7 activation associated with upregulated Bax gene, in addition to anti-metastatic effect through decreasing cellular migration. Importantly, lactate production was sharply reduced after 6h (no alteration of viable cells) and 24h (decreased viable cells) concomitant with significant blocked glucose uptake in response to EGCG. In conclusion, EGCG could be a potential anti-migration, the anti-cancerous therapeutic agent through targeting cancer cells glucose metabolism.
Effects of Hookah Smoking on Blood Contents and Some Organ Functions of Men Body
Authors: alzurfi Sadiq kadhum , Badr Al-Gburi Jaafar , Ali Al-Graiti Thulfiqar
Published: July 2019

Smoking is the most spreadable habit between people on earth surface impacting human body functions and causing health risks. Our study aimed to estimate cadmium, lead, and iron concentrations in the blood of hookah (Shisha) smokers compared to non-smokers. This project was conducted over a period of time between October (2017) to February (2018) in Najaf province. This period was used to determine smoking hookah effects on heavy elements depositions in blood and organs of smoker’s compared to non-smokers. Forty samples of men were measured as a total, divided into 30 samples of smokers and 10 non-smokers. Cadmium, lead, and iron levels were measured in each individual serum. Kidney functions; blood urea, creatinine, and glucose were also examined. Liver functions tests including ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) were also investigated.

Our results exhibit a significant increase in blood platelets and white blood cell values in smokers while a trend of increasing in hemoglobin values in smokers compared to non-smokers were found not significant. A decreasing in red blood cells of smokers compared with non-smokers was also found non-significant. A significant increase of liver functions in blood of smokers compared to non-smokers were found. Only glucose was significant in smoker’s kidney function. There was a marginal significant differences of cadmium in smoker’s blood compared to non-smokers. Our study concluded there were a trend of high levels of heavy metals in smokers with high variations in our results. These variations could be related to other factors. More studies focusing on the relationship between organs’ functions (e.g. lung) and heavy metals could support our findings by elucidating smoking consequences. Also, considering age, sex, diet, and inheritable status need to be considered in further studies.
Molecular investigation of Trichomoniasis in women in Al-Muthana province /Iraq
Authors: Al-abodi H R J , Al-Shaibani K T M , Shaker E M
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to determine the effect of factors as synthetic contraceptives used by women on the incidence of trichomoniasis, (150) vaginal swap samples were collected from women who complained of vaginal infections only (no miscarriage or pregnancy) who visit : the Children’s and Women’s Hospital in Al-Muthana governorate and private clinics during the period from January 2018 to June 2018, the parasite was diagnosed by using a wet smear and recorded 39/150 (26%) positive infection, after that the samples conducted to molecular method PCR on the basis of 18SrRNA gene to reach more accurate results and showed to rate infection (32%) 48/150, then collect information from each patient about the use of contraceptives:(did not use any method, contraceptives pills, condom, IUCD) and has been recorded infection rates (34.80%), (30.10%), (21.11%), and (6.40%) respectively, these results indicate the importance of the use of contraceptives for the incidence of a parasite as risk factors, the statically analysis for this results showed there were significant differences between rate of infection and type of contraceptives under probability level (p≤0.05).
Production and antibacterial activity of biosurfactant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Hussain Ali Lubna , Shawkat Ali Wala’a
Published: July 2019

A total of four types of instant dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae which are Gloripan, Swan, Super Man (China) and Saf (Turkey), were obtained from the local market in Baghdad, Iraq. All the types were identified according to their morphological characteristics and screened for their ability to produce biosurfactant by oil spread method. Biosurfactant was extracted and partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate at saturation ratio75%. Antibacterial activity of crude and partially purified biosurfactant was tested against twenty isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the results showed that crude biosurfactant has no activity against tested bacteria while partially purified biosurfactant was active against only ten isolates of P. aeruginosa. Also, the effect of some optimum conditions on production was studied and the results showed that mineral salt medium with olive oil as carbon source at pH 5 and incubation at 25 °C for three days were optimum conditions for biosurfactant production.
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in abortion women by RFLP-PCR in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf province
Authors: Khteer Al-Hadraawy Saleem , Alzeyadi Mohammad , Ali Shakir Ameer , Al-dujaili Arshad noori
Published: July 2019

The study conducted on 400 aborted women and 30 healthy women as control groups. All these cases were defined as suspected with Toxoplasma gondii and examined by measuring IgG & IgM serum level when attended to Public Health Laboratory, in An-Najaf province from November 2015 to May 2016.seventy eight out of 400 (19.5 %) women were found infected with T. gondii by this test, only 23 positive samples were used in polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism for detection genotypes of T. gondii strains By use three restriction enzymes MseI to nested PCR products GRA6 and BsiE1 & TaqI to nested PCR BTUB products, to detected strain types of Toxoplasma gondii. The results are : 13 of type I (60%), 6 of type II (25 %), and 4 of type III (15%). This can provide possible additional studies of high importance, as they will provide better understanding of the different strains of parasite genotypes is present in samples and how different genotypes are circulating nature. All the evidence provided might be helpful for showing the association between strains type of T. gondii and toxoplasmosis in infected women and aid in providing preventive actions.
Preparation of nanoparticles from CaO and use it for removal of chromium (II), and mercury (II) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Okash Toamah Wisam , Kadhim Fadhil Ayad
Published: July 2019

Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel strategy from CaCl2 and calcinated the gathered powder at various temperatures (400, 500 and 600°C). Additionally, the basic qualities for the readied sorbent were researched by methods for powder X-beam diffraction examination (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) while the textural properties were resolved from low temperature adsorption of N2 at - 196°C. Great outcomes were acquired under the proper conditions. The capacity of CaO nanoparticles for evacuation of some overwhelming metal particles as chromium (II) and mercury (II) from aqueous solutions through adsorption has been researched. Every one of the analyses was completed by batch method. The impact of pH (2, 5, 7, 8 and 10), stirring time, temperature and the presence of different foreign ions has been researched. The expulsion rate going to 100 % of various metal particles at pH7, stirring time 30 min, room temperature (≍ 25°C) was accomplished and adsorbent dose 30 mg.
A New Spectrophotometric Method to Determine Vitamin B6 in Pharmaceutical Formation Samples Using a Micelle Form
Authors: Khudhair Ahmed F , Saeed Shaymaa I , Marhoon Ashraff A , Alesary Hasan F
Published: July 2019

An economic and sensitive method was developed to measure pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) in pharmaceutical formation as an ion pair, as depending on the charge transfer reaction with SDS as a surfactant and a suitable analytical reagent (chlorazol black). The parameters that gave optimum reaction conditions, such as the concentrations of chlorozal black, SDS, pH, equilibration temperature, time and effect of salting were studied to obtain a linear calibration curve where the linearity range was found to lie between 1.22 × 10-3to 34 × 10-2mM, and the detection limit (LOD) 2.56 × 10-4mM. The method was applied successfully to determine vitamin B6 concentrations in various pharmaceutical samples.
Spectroscopic, Structural and Antibacterial Activity of Mixed Ligand Complexes from Schiff Base with Anthranilic Acid
Authors: Abdulkarem Lekaa k. , Mahdi Saba H.
Published: July 2019

Mixed ligand complexes included Schiff base derivative ligand (L1) have been produced by condensed {3-amino-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (APO)}with o-phathalaldehyde and anthranillic acid (L2) with some transition metal ions. Diagnosis of prepared ligand (L1) by 1HNMR, mass spectroscopy, (CHN) elemental analysis and UV-Visible. The complexes were typified by molar conductance, UV-Visible, FTIR, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and elemental analysis techniques. Octahedral geometry are suggested for the metal complexes based on the analytical studies. All these compounds were determined a against with two type of bacteria; Gram positive and Gram negative.
Study some biochemical parameters in pregnant women with hypertension
Authors: Kareem Hamzah Sundus
Published: July 2019

This study includes a comparison among some important biochemical changes in the hypertensive pregnant women and normotensive pregnant women during different periods of pregnancy. Blood samples were collected from. (60).hypertensive pregnant and(30) normotensive pregnant(control group;G3) from different departments of AL-Diwaniyah hospital in Iraq. The hypertensive pregnant women were divided into two groups according to the trimester of pregnancy,G1 refers(the first twelve weeks) andG2refers(twenty eight weeks) of pregnancy.Serum was analyzed for alkaline phosphatase(ALP),Total protein, Total cholesterol and serum calcium. The results showed significant differences(p<0.05) in serum ALP activity between hypertensive pregnant during the first trimester(16 ± 2.1K.A.U/100ml) and(8 ± 0.3K.A.U/100ml). While the hypertensive women during the third trimester was showed (30 ± 5.5K.A.U/100ml) a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the other two groups. It was also found that non-significant differences(p<0.05) in the serum total proteinactivitybetween hypertensive pregnant women(G1,7.3 ± 1.2gm/dl) and(G2,7.0 ± 1.3gm/dl) than control group(G3) and was showed significant differences(p<0.05) in the serum total cholesterol between(G1(186 ± 22gm/dl), G2(218 ± 11.5mg /dl) andG3(controlgroup(150 ± 11.3mg/dl)). Thewith G3(2.2 ± 0.5mmol/l) as a control. Whereas, there were non-significant differences betweenG1(3.5 ± 0.7mmol/l) compared withG2(2.4 ± 0.6mmol/l) evaluation of calcium level also expressed significant differences in G1(3.5 ± 0.7mmol/l) compared
Synthesis and Characterization of new Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II) Complexes with ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide] and their Antibacterial Studies
Authors: Waheed E J , Farhan M A , Hameed G F
Published: July 2019

Addition chloro acetyl isothiocyanate (C3H2ClNOS) with 3-Aminoaceto phenone (C8H9NO) to prepare a fresh Ligand [N-(3-acetyl phenyl carbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide](L). The ligand (L) behaves as bidentate coordinating through O and S donor with metal ions, the general formula of all complexes [M(L)2(Cl)2](M+2 = Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II)). Compounds were investigation by Proton-1, Carbon -13 NMR spectra (ligand (L) only), Element Microanalysis for C, N, H, O, S, Fourier-transform infrared, UV visible, Conductance, Magnetic susceptibility and Atomic Absorption (A.A). Based on spectral data, complexes appear octahedral geometry. The anti-bacterial activity of the complexes against two type of bacterial was higher than for free ligand.
A certain properties of a class of analytic functions defined by a generalized Srivastava-Attiya operator
Authors: Challab Khalid , Darus Maslina , Ghanim Firas
Published: July 2019

In this article, we introduce a new class of analytic functions defined by generalized Srivastava-Attiya operator. Coefficient inequalities, convex combinations are obtained.
On the soft multi fundamental group
Authors: Kadhem H H
Published: July 2019

The theory of soft set is one of the most important method in solving uncertainties in various real-life problems. The main aim of this paper is to define soft multi fundamental group. The notion of soft multi group, soft multi path, soft multi loop, and soft multi homotopy are to be introduced and their basic properties are also to be investigated. Further, the concept of soft multi homeomorphism is introduced. Added to, we established certain properties and operations on soft multi fundamental group.
On strongly continuous ρh-semigroup
Authors: Hamza Geem Methaq
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we introduce a semi group which it constructs the solution of the partial differential equation as the form:

ρ
(
t
)

ρ
′

(
t
)

∂
u
(
t
,
x
)

∂
t

=

h
(
t
)

h
′

(
t
)

∂
u
(
t
,
x
)

∂
x

,

h
(
0
)
=
1
,

ρ
(
0
)
=
1

First, we introduce the operator theory and the fundamental theorems of the semigroup and certain notions of strongly continuous operators. These concepts are particular types of operator semigroups of functional analytic Using functional analytic tools and methods from ergodic theory, we describe various features of the On strongly continuous ρh -semigroup
Best simultaneous approximation in weighted space
Authors: Adnan Auad Alaa , Hussein Abdulsttar Ali
Published: July 2019

The aim of this article is to establish some results of best simultaneous approximation of unbounded functions {α1, α2, …, α
n
} in weighted space L
γ,p
(Ω) by given two different definitions and considered the relation between best simultaneous approximation and best approximation of this functions in L
γ,p
(Ω).
Numerical Analysis of Indirect Optical Initiation of PETN
Authors: Chesnokov A A , Kuratov S E
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of indirect optical initiation of explosives. The numerical simulation in the work was based on a physico-mathemat-ical model that has been shown to successfully describe the direct laser ignition of PETN in optical detonator and the shock-wave ignition of porous PETN. Obtained numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data.
Application of the finite volume method for the standard ballistic model aerodynamics calculations
Authors: Yatsukhno D S
Published: July 2019

The present paper contains the results of the aerodynamics and gas dynamics calculations of HB–1 standard ballistic model performed by the UST3D code. There were the following test cases for the numerical simulations. At first, the computations were conducted for the different Mach numbers at the various angles of attack. At second, the effect of the tetrahedron grid elements number on the flow field and aerodynamics coefficients was estimated. At last, the different approaches to the decay of discontinuity investigation were applied. The comparisons between the experimental data and results of calculations are also presented.
Parameters of the air flow formed by the interchangeable nozzles with the transformed critical part
Authors: Ivanov I A , Kotov M A , Kryukov I A , Ruleva L B , Solodovnikov S I , Surzhikov S T
Published: July 2019

The results of studies of the nozzle block functioning with interchangeable nozzles at the hypersonic aerodynamic shock tube (HAST) are presented. Air flow parameters from the elongated nozzle and of variety of critical cross-sections of the inlet of the nozzle were calculated. The dependence of the influence of the nozzle critical section size on the uniformity of incoming flow and speed was shown. The calculated pressure values were compared with those measured experimentally at the nozzle exit cut and at different distances from it.
Study of arc discharges on the P-2000 facility
Authors: Glinov A P , Golovin A P , Kozlov P V , Shaleev K V , Lyubimov G A
Published: July 2019

A brief review of experimental and theoretical studies of electric arc discharges and related plasma flows conducted at the P-2000 experimental setup since 2010 is presented. The main attention is paid to long discharges in open air between graphite electrodes of various shapes, both rod and plate. By optimizing the size and shape of the anode, it was possible to ensure stable burning modes of extended (up to 30 cm) electric arcs.
Unstable modes of oscillations of a tangential discontinuity in partly ionized plasma with charge exchange: long waves
Authors: Chalov S V
Published: July 2019

An analytical study of linear unstable modes of oscillations of a tangential velocity discontinuity in partly ionized space plasma with charge exchange is carried out.The long-wave approximation is considered. In this approximation, the scale of perturbations is much larger than a certain characteristic size, which is determined by the charge-exchange cross-section and number density of neutral atoms. It is shown that along with the classical Kelvin – Helmholtz instability, there exists an unstable mode whose increment does not depend explicitly on the relative velocity of the two media separated by the discontinuity. The presence of this mode is entirely determined by the presence of the charge-exchange process.
Features of the rarefied gas description in terms of a distribution function
Authors: Prozorova E V
Published: July 2019

The aim of the paper is to determine the relationship of the classical model for describing a rarefied gas using the distribution function and its discrete representation. Here we study the role of discreteness in the description of a medium in the kinetic theory and the interrelation between interaction of the discreteness and the “continuity” of a media. The question of the relationship between the discreteness of a medium and its description with the help of continuum mechanics is important both when processing experimental data and when going from a continuum model to discrete one in mechanics and physics. There are many studies devoted to the influence of the transition from a continuous to discrete medium in computational mathematics, but there is no study of inverse processes. The work related to the formulation of conservation laws as conditions of the equilibrium of forces and moments of forces, as well as the action of additional flows on the sides of an elementary volume, was carried out earlier. After refinement, non -symmetric stress tensor was obtained. The method for calculating this tensor was proposed. The equations for a gas were found from the modified Boltzmann equation and from the phenomenological theory. Inaccuracy leading to the symmetry of the stress tensor arises when calculating the Lagrange function of particles as the sum of pairwise interacting particles and the unchanged position of the inertia system center.
Modeling the dynamics of a gas-droplet substance in nozzles, taking into account the phase transition
Authors: Nazarov V S , Ivanov I E , Kryukov I A , Gidaspov V Y
Published: July 2019

The paper studies the process of cluster formation, condensation and evaporation in a viscous flow of a two-phase gas-droplet mixture in nozzles and free jets. The simulation results obtained using the gas-kinetic scheme and the method of moments are presented. The system of equations is solved with the second order accuracy finite volume method and using the approximate AUSM+up or HLL methods for solution of the Riemann problem.
Gasdynamic effects in optical discharges produced by periodic pulse femtosecond laser
Authors: Yu Lavrentyev S , Solovyov N G , Shemyakin A N , Yu Yakimov M
Published: July 2019

Quasi-stationary gas streams in argon (10 bar) were observed for the first time being generated by periodic-pulse optical discharge produced by laser pulses of less than 500 fs pulse length with energy up to 200 μJ/pulse and repetition rate 1.66÷10 kHz. Optical discharge was obtained in laser beam focused by off-axis (90°) parabolic mirror. In experiments the shape of the discharge zone was varied accordingly to the laser beam waist shapes varied from astigmatic to non-aberrated ones depending on the parabolic mirror tilt. Intense convective streams flowing out of the discharge volume were observed by schlieren technique. The gas streams produced could be directed normally to the laser beam axis, at some angle to the beam axis or along the beam axis toward the laser or in opposite direction. It was found that the directions of the streams produced, dynamics of their formation and their intensity were governed by the shape of the discharge zone. It was revealed that most intense and fast forming streams produced were directed normally to the laser beam axis. Two opposite streams are induced by the discharge located in astigmatic beam waist in a form of flattened “disk” ∼10 μm thick and ∼100 μm wide. The streams were directed normally to the “disk” surfaces. The energy spent on the gas flow acceleration was estimated to be up to 30% of thermal component of energy dissipated in plasma. When the focusing mirror was aligned to get no astigmatism, the gas flow generated was directed along optical axis toward the laser or backward in some cases. Refraction of the incident laser beam on the refraction index gradients of heated and excited gas injected by backward stream was followed by oscillations of the discharge zone location and generated stream direction. Discharge became stable when the gas streams were co-directional, normal or angled to the laser beam. Further studies are required to define mechanisms and possible applications of the phenomena observed.
Numerical Simulation of the Normal Glow Discharge for Conditions of the Experimental Research at Low Distance between Plane Electrodes
Authors: Surzhikov S T
Published: July 2019

Two-dimensional drift-diffusion calculation model of charged particles in a normal glow discharge between plane disc electrodes is presented. The verification of the created computational model has been performed using the experimental data on a normal glow discharge between flat electrodes with distance H=1 cm. Results of numerical simulation and initial experimental data are presented for the pressure of p = 5 Torr and emf of power supply in the region of 1000 ÷ 1750 V. The sensitive of the computational models to its internal half-empirical parameters are analysed on the example of volt-ampere characteristics.Introduction
The lower limits of the fast ionization waves velocity in a high-intensity laser radiation field
Authors: Budnik A P , Sipachev A V
Published: July 2019

The kinetic processes before the front of an ionizing wave in a gas are investigated. The lower limits of the propagation velocity of a plane ionization wave in the field of high-intensity laser radiation are determined. The results of calculations of the lower boundaries of the velocity of fast ionization waves in argon in the field of a CO2-laser are given. The calculation results are compared with experimental data and other theories.
Non-Euclidean Geometry and Defected Structure for Bodies with Variable Material Composition
Authors: Lychev S A , Kostin G V , Lycheva T N , Koifman K G
Published: July 2019

In the paper the relationship between pure geometrical concepts of the theory of affine connections, physical concepts related with non-linear theory of distributed defects and concepts of non-linear continuum mechanics for bodies with variable material composition is discussed. Distinguishing feature of the bodies with variable material composition is that their global reference shapes can not be embedded into Euclidean space and have to be represented as smooth manifolds with specific (material) connection and metric. The method for their synthesis based on the modeling of additive process are proposed. It involves specific boundary problem referred to as evolutionary problem. The statement of such problem as well as illustrative exact solutions for it are obtained. Because non-Euclidean connection is rarely used in continuum mechanics, it is illustrated from the perspective of differential geometry as well as from the point of view, adopted in the theory of finite incompatible deformations. In order to compare formal structures defined within the models of solids with variable material composition with their counterpart in non-linear theory of distributed defects, a brief sketch for latter is given. The examples for cylindrical and spherical non-linear problems are presented. The correspondences between geometrical structures that defines material connection, fields of related defect densities and evolutionary problems for bodies with variable material composition are shown.