bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colloid Transport Prediction using SVM-MLP
Authors: Kumar M Prem , Raja K Prakash , Allam M Smasheeray , S Sachin , K Gokulachalam
Published: May 2024

The effectiveness of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) method in conjunction with support vector machines (SVM) for the prediction of colloid transport behaviour is examined in this work. Because colloids are essential to many industrial and environmental processes, proper modelling is required for efficient management. By using SVM for feature selection and MLP for nonlinear mapping, the suggested SVM-MLP hybrid technique combines the advantages of both algorithms to improve prediction accuracy. After a great deal of testing and verification, the model shows encouraging outcomes that highlight its ability to forecast colloid transport dynamics more accurately and efficiently, providing important information for industrial and environmental applications.
Using RNN Artificial Neural Network to Predict the Occurrence of Gastric Cancer in the Future of the World
Authors: Ghoreishi Mokri Seyed Masoud , Valadbeygi Newsha , Balyasimovich Khafaji Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Gastric cancer is an important health problem and is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The incidence of stomach cancer is increasing and it can be dealt with using new methods in prediction and diagnosis. Our goal is to implement an artificial neural network to predict new cancer cases. Gastric cancer is anatomically divided into true gastric adenocarcinomas (non-cardiac gastric cancers) and gastric-esophageal- connective cancer (adenocardia (cardiac) gastric cancers). We use MATLAB R2018 software (MathWorks) to implement an artificial neural network. We used. The data were repeatedly and randomly divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) subsets. Our predictions emphasize the need for detailed studies on the risk factors associated with gastric cell carcinoma to reduce the incidence and has also provided an accuracy of about 99.998%.
Ukrayna dan Sonraki Hedef Moldova Mı
Authors: İşbilen Samet
Published: May 2024

Rusya, SSCB’nin dağılmasından sonra kaybettiği küresel aktör olma rolünü bugün eski Sovyetler Birliği ülkelerini etkisi altına alarak tekrar kazanmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu ülkeler üzerinde ki en güçlü silahı ise donmuş çatışma bölgeleri ve buralarda ki sivil ve askeri varlığıdır. Rusya’nın demokrasiden uzak bir yönetim anlayışına sahip olması ve ekonomik olarak yüksek bir refah düzeyine sahip olmaması, dış politikasında Batı gibi yumuşak güç politikası yerine sert güç politikası uygulamasına neden olmaktadır. Kuzey ve Doğu Avrupa ülkeleri göz önüne alındığında NATO veya AB gibi ekonomik, siyasi ve askeri birliğe üye olmayıp tarafsızlığını koruyan ülkeler Moldova, Belarus ve Ukrayna’dır. Rusya’nın Ukrayna savaşıyla irredentist hedefleri için başlattığı savaş siyasi, ekonomik ve askeri açıdan en zayıf halka olan ayrıca donmuş çatışma bölgesi olan Transdinyester ve Cobasna köyünde Soğuk Savaş döneminden kalma mühimmatı koruyan Rus askeri varlığı Moldova’yı daha kolay hedef haline getirmektedir. Rusya, güvenliğini tehlikeye düşürecek ve “kırmızı çizgi” olarak ifade ettiği eski Sovyetler Birliği ülkelerini içine alacak NATO ve AB genişlemesini kabul etmeyeceğini hatta ilişkilerin derinleştirilmesinde dahi tepkisinin çok sert olacağını açıklamıştı. Bunu Ukrayna savaşında kanıtladı. Şimdi Rusya’nın Avrasyacılık politikasına karşı sürekli NATO ve AB ile ilişkilerini derinleştiren Moldova mevcut koşulları ve jeopolitik öneminden dolayı bir sonraki hedeftir.
Évaluation du risque par les professionnels de la santé et les équipes de secours lors d’incidents chimiques
Authors: Rasoloharimahefa-Rasamoela Michèle , Bouland Catherine
Published: May 2024

Contexte : Lors d’une exposition chimique aiguë de grande ampleur, une préparation des intervenants des premiers secours et une formation commune sont indispensables. Une meilleure connaissance des évaluations de l’exposition permet d’estimer le risque et d’ajuster les mesures immédiates. L’objectif de cet article est de synthétiser les mesures d’évaluation de l’exposition préconisées durant un incident chimique nécessitant des interventions en urgence. Ces mesures portent sur les actions qui visent à améliorer la protection de la santé des professionnels de la santé, des équipes d’intervention et de la population générale exposés lors d’un incident aigu. Méthodologie : Une revue de synthèse de la littérature avec formulation de la question de recherche a été effectuée grâce à la méthode PECO. La sélection de la littérature suit la méthode de PRISMA. Résultats et discussion : La littérature (n = 16) a démontré que les connaissances du processus d’évaluation du risque ainsi que la préparation aux incidents chimiques relative aux équipements de protection individuelle et collective étaient lacunaires. Une formation commune axée sur l’évaluation du risque est proposée. La déclinaison par étapes de ce processus améliore l’évaluation du risque et la protection de la santé des personnes exposées. Une surveillance dynamique des données de l’environnement et de santé permet d’ajuster les recommandations durant les interventions. Conclusions : La connaissance de l’évaluation du risque par tous les intervenants des premiers secours permet un travail de collaboration dans la délimitation de l’exposition, dans l’identification des zones à risque et dans l’utilisation adéquate des mesures de protection dans le temps et l’espace.
Assessing the efficacy of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drugs in slowing disease progression: A literature review
Authors: Ansari Ubaid , Alam Meraj , Nadora Dawnica , Muttalib Zohaer , Chen Vincent , Taguinod Isabel , FitzPatrick Megan , Wen Jimmy , Ansari Zaid , Lui Forshing
Published: May 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and intricate neurodegenerative disease that impacts upper and lower motor neurons within the central nervous system, leading to their progressive destruction. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of this multifaceted disease remains elusive. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for seven medications designed to address ALS and mitigate its associated symptoms. These FDA-sanctioned treatments are Qalsody, Relyvrio, Radicava, Rilutek, Tiglutik, Exservan, and Nuedexta. In this review, the effects of these seven drugs on ALS based on their mechanism of action, dosing, and clinical presentations are comprehensively summarized. Each medication offers a distinct approach to manage ALS, aiming to alleviate the burdensome symptoms and slow the disease's progression, thereby improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this neurological condition. However, despite these advancements in pharmaceutical interventions, finding a definitive cure for ALS remains a significant challenge. Continuous investigation into ALS pathophysiology and therapeutic avenues remains imperative, necessitating further research collaborations and innovative approaches to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying this debilitating condition.
The Freudian Tradition and Sociographical Context in Selected Works by Péter Hajnóczy
Authors: Ludmán Katalin
Published: May 2024

This article undertakes a comparative analysis of Péter Hajnóczy’s short stories “The Heater” (1975) and “The Blood Donor” (1977), examining them through thematic, stylistic, and narrative lenses. The intention is to explore potential complementarity between these two texts, revealing shared themes. Both narratives unfold as profane depictions of suffering, tracing the stages of the protagonist’s disintegration and incorporating elements of the fantastic. “The Heater” can be interpreted as a paraphrase of the Kohlhaas motif, which was of significant importance in post-1945 East-Central European literature. Conversely, “The Blood Donor” centers around a butcher whose body serves as an inexhaustible source of blood. The exploration of madness and insanity within these narratives prompts a psychoanalytic inquiry, raising questions about the extent to which these stories draw upon Freudian case study traditions, or alternatively, how the Freudian case descriptions themselves might be considered works of literature. While the preparatory studies for “The Heater” exist in various forms among the writer’s manuscripts, the background of “The Blood Donor” remains relatively unknown.
Combining IoMT and XAI for Enhanced Triage Optimization: An MQTT Broker Approach with Contextual Recommendations for Improved Patient Priority Management in Healthcare
Authors: Stitini Oumaima , Ouakasse Fathia , Rakrak Said , Kaloun Soulaimane , Bencharef Omar
Published: May 2024

The widespread adoption of the Internet of Things has significantly enhanced our daily lives across various dimensions. E-health has significantly benefited from advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT), particularly with the emergence of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). A sophisticated wireless sensor network produces a huge amount of data, requiring robust cloud-based hardware for precise processing and categorization. The IoMT allows for the extensive gathering of medical data from incoming hospital patients, enabling real-time monitoring of vital signs and health statuses. Nevertheless, effectively prioritizing patients in emergencies is challenging due to the importance and complicatedness of the data. To tackle this issue, an innovative solution involves integrating Explainable Artificial Intelligence into the IoMT ecosystem. By incorporating Explainable AI, the system enhances explainability, fostering trust and reliability in patient prioritization. This provides healthcare providers a more reliable prioritization mechanism that aligns with established medical guidelines. The study explores IoMT devices for collecting medical data from incoming patients, focusing on the MQTT protocol for lightweight devices, aiming to guide patients to the right department and prioritize emergency management through IoMT data analysis.
A Design and Construction of the Vibration Perception Threshold Measurement Device for Diabetes
Authors: Prinyakupt Jaroonrut , Yootho Thanakorn
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to design and build a mechanical vibration assessment tool for diabetic patients’ peripheral nervous systems. There is a substantial correlation between peripheral sensory neuropathy and vibration perception threshold (VPT). Peripheral sensory neuropathy has been identified by VPT determination utilizing the VPT measurement instrument built for that purpose. The designed device can assist in determining the threshold and tracking any progressive changes or trends. This designed device consists of two main components: hardware and software. The hardware part includes a DC power supply circuit, an Arduino NANO, a display, an isolation MOSFET driver for the electrical isolation circuit, a transducer driver, and a transducer head. The software part uses C programming on the Arduino to generate signals and display the transducer supply voltage. The testing results consist of 1) the voltage settings results (5–30 volts) comparing the voltage values on the display between the designed device and a digital multimeter, which has an average error of 0.75%, 2) According to the transducer head pressing test results, the Vibrotest Digital Biothesiometer and the proposed device had different pressing weights of ±0.02 g, and 3) the electrical safety testing results of the designed device is in the standard of IEC60601-1. (IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission).
Reflections on the Challenges of Musical Representations of Korean Historical Texts in Cord Meijering’s Marsyas for Percussion Solo Symphony (2018/19)
Authors: Son Mingyeong
Published: May 2024

This article explores Dutch-German Composer Cord Meijering’s (b. 1955) intercultural translation practices in his piece Marsyas for Percussion Solo Symphony, which premiered in Darmstadt in 2019. This work is based on Greek mythology and the history of the Korean Independence Movement with Eastern and Western percussion. The above-mentioned premiere occurred on the 100th anniversary of the Korean Independence Movement and received intense acclaim from the international audience. However, although Meijering interprets Korean history using a comparison with a Greek myth, he produces a cultural jetlag by replacing the relationship between the dominant and subordinate with the relationship between God and humans. He supplements his understanding of Korean history during the compositional process in cooperation with Korean percussionist Eunbi Jeong. By thoroughly discussing the text of the Declaration of Independence with her, applying traditional Korean percussion instruments, and performing techniques, I argue that Meijering has been able to produce a piece which delivers the spirit of the Korean Independence Movement to an international audience. By reviewing the audience’s reception of the piece, I present how Meijering searched for the modern history of Korea, apart from the influence of his Western cultural roots, and how he represented Korean historic-political events within a Western symphonic form by advancing Korean traditional music. In contemplating the potential of reflexive globalism, this paper raises questions regarding how he in exploring Korea, reevaluates non-Western cultures with a reflective consciousness, acknowledging and respecting the values and heritage inherent in this culture.
DIY under Authoritarian Politics: Indie Music Scene in Istanbul
Authors: Uyar Yaprak Melike
Published: May 2024

The ongoing political turmoil in Turkey is reflected in many areas of the cultural landscape, including the processes of music-making. With its immensely rich musical and cultural legacy that combines a rural and urban heritage, Istanbul has become home to many subcultures revolving around a variety of ethnicities and political acts. While the neoliberal urban control and gentrification agenda of the AKP (Justice and Development Party) government is reshaping the cultural life in the city; a do-it-yourself (DIY) attitude in the music scene removed the barriers of a hierarchy of production while creating unique performance spaces and a sense of belonging and solidarity among its participants. This essay intends to examine the influence of authoritarian politics on the formation of DIY initiatives in Istanbul’s indie music scene. I will concentrate on the period of 2013–2020, the start date signifying the paradigm shift that the Gezi Park protests (May 27–August 20, 2013) fostered, and the end date signifies the decline of the active music scene, with the COVID-19 pandemic preventing live music altogether. This project is a result of fieldwork conducted as a participant-observer of the scene, in addition to structured and semi-structured interviews. The results of the research will be discussed with a focus on the influence of the Islamist, neoliberal, and authoritarian politics of the government on the indie music scene of Istanbul.
“Pamamonya Ipapo”: Is Soul Also Among the Prophets?—Trivialization or Redefinition of Heroism in Zimbabwe?
Authors: Mudzanire Benjamin , Mazuruse Mickson
Published: May 2024

Within the shifting and highly politicized accreditation of heroes in Zimbabwe, never has the investiture of hero status sparked as much public debate as has the posthumous honor of Zimdancehall artiste, Soul Jah Love. Traditionally applied to political luminaries, the conferment of hero status on arts icons is not novel in Zimbabwe; at least, the accreditation of seasoned artistes like Oliver Mtukudzi, Simon Chimbetu and Dickson Chinx Chingaira furnishes the proof. And now, Soul is also among the “prophets”! A young artiste, with a relatively lean musical career, and of a controversial moral clout, finds himself read in the same scope with the country’s elite liberation heroes—pamamonya ipapo (among the giants)! Soul Jah Love divided public opinion when he was alive just as he did on his death (Antonio 2021). This makes the bestowal of such an honor fiercely contentious. One questions the intelligence that comes up with such decisions and the integrity of the stencil used. Is it on merit? Is it political allegiance or even expediency? Are reality definers consistent in their award of such honors? Is this a redefinition or trivialization of heroic contribution? However, a patient navigation of the lyrical contours and the complexity of social and political messages embedded in Soul Jah Love’s music spurs a second thought for the artiste, the music, and for the award. A flawed genius, a case of golden messages stashed in cursed vessels—music’s version of Dambudzo Marechera? Few may have considered the referential weight of his music and the relevance of his style to his generation of audience and fellow musicians. Consequently, this paper discusses the dynamics of investiture of liberation hero emblem and the political currents that might have been considered in “liberalizing” the liberation stencil to accord Soul Jah Love access to the sacred space. Soul Jah Love’s song “Pamamonya ipapo” (among the giants) can be contrasted with the biblical allusion “Is Saul also among the prophets?” to project a sense of surprise at Saul’s prophetic debut in the company of a band of ‘seasoned’ prophets (1 Samuel 10:11, 12 N.I.V).
Coaching Support for First-Year Teachers
Authors: Wheeler Winn Crenshaw , Ivy Jessica T. , Taylor Alexandra J.
Published: May 2024

Within the first few years of teaching, a novice teacher experiences different phases that impact their attitude towards their new profession. One model of support for first-year teachers who are navigating these phases is in the form of coaching. This chapter focuses on coaching support for three novice teachers who spent their first-year teaching during the pandemic. The chapter explores the coaching experience and looks into the relationship between recent graduates and their educator preparation program. The findings from this study could help strengthen educator preparation programs in providing ongoing support to their recent graduates while also helping to contribute towards persistence in teaching for novice teachers.
Carbon Nanocomposites
Authors: Madkour Loutfy H.
Published: May 2024

Successful deployment of carbon nanocomposites in many applications, such as sensing, energy storage, and catalysis, relies on the selection, synthesis, and tailoring of the surface properties. Carbon nanotubes, due to their large surface areas, unique surface properties, and needle-like shape, can deliver a lot of therapeutic agents, including DNA, siRNAs and proteins to the target disease sites. Carbon nanotubes can be readily excreted through the renal route by means of degradation through myeloperoxidase enzyme. Nanotubes are categorized as single-walled carbon nanotubes and multiple walled carbon nanotubes. Theirs advances have been made in the delivery of anticancer, anti-inflammatory drugs, bioactive molecules, and proteins. Drugs and biomolecules can be loaded in carbon nanotubes, which can then be utilized as targeted molecules. Recently, carbon nanocomposites have attracted a lot of attention in the field of cancer diagnosis and therapy, with their ability to deliver therapeutic molecules and allow visualization of cells and tissues, which are necessary for the cure and treatment of diseased and damaged tissues.
An Analysis of Internet-of-Things-Based Fire Detection and Alert Systems
Authors: Pandey Digvijay , Nassa Vinay Kumar , Pandey Binay Kumar , Mahajan Darshan A. , Patidar Pawan Kumar , Dadheech Pankaj , George A. Shaji
Published: May 2024

One of the most valuable resources is the forest, home to many animals and plants. Forest fire agencies worldwide have studied forest fire prevention and detection. Worldwide, natural and man-made calamities occur. Forest fires are environmental tragedies. The dense forest fire devours everything in its path. This research examines the forest fire detection and alert system to detect fires early. This research identifies forest fires before they spread to safeguard wildlife and natural resources. An Arduino microcontroller, flame sensor, ultrasonic sensor, thermistor, smoke sensor, buzzer, and GPRS are in every IoT (internet of things) device. Each IoT sensor records sensor values in the thing speak cloud. The cloud storage may pick and map forest fire threats by eliminating features from the input. MLP mapping maps forest fire danger, while AROC maps forest fire hazard. GPRS delivers cloud-based SMS warnings. Finally, forest department officials may interact.
Strategies That Promote Student Success and Wellness Through Parental Involvement and Engagement in K-12
Authors: Gamez Ana Maria , Hernandez Rosalia Ariana , Garcia Annmarie , Navarro Jazmine Stephanie
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of parents' powerful influence on their child's development and the role of parental practices, engagement, and involvement in educational success. Parental engagement and involvement in school activities and education-related functions are associated with student success, academic achievement, and prosocial skills and behavior. This chapter distinguishes the concepts of parental engagement and involvement on their children's educational success. It discusses how parental involvement and engagement contribute to children's and adolescents' healthy development, such as emotional wellness, self-regulation, healthy social relationships, autonomy, and self-efficacy. This chapter highlights the impact of parental involvement in overly and under-involved parenting on children and adolescents' education, social, psychological, and physical wellness. The chapter concludes with recommendations to school administrators on developing strategies to foster parental engagement and involvement that promote student success and wellness.
Negotiating Culture and Educational Expectations for Latin American Migrants
Authors: Goodman-Bowling Julie
Published: May 2024

This chapter focuses on the many renegotiations required surrounding educational pursuits for Latin American migrant populations. Migrants negotiate important cultural values and experience cultural loss, confront several challenges of (im)migration, and may experience racialization via linguistic barriers and institutional expectations. Anthropological inquiry suggests that education, in terms of engagement and outcomes, is culturally defined, and thus, has implications for the social structure in multicultural America, including educational institutions. Drawing on social science scholarship and ethnographic research, this chapter concludes with theoretical and practical implications to consider how educators, parents, and students might partner together more productively, making space for dialogue about what education can and perhaps should provide. Ultimately, this exploration may help to mitigate the many challenges migrants face transitioning their expectations of education to improve the well-being of parents, students, and educators in the process.
Navigating the Journey
Authors: Athey Victoria Grace , Athey Nicholas
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides frameworks to assist parents in understanding and maintaining a healthy mindset as they navigate the journey of having a child with a diagnosis. Employing a holistic approach, the authors emphasize the internal and external systems that influence child development and parenting dynamics. Readers are introduced to basic parenting practices and styles, acknowledging diverse perspectives in parenting approaches, cultural impacts, and evaluating their influence on a child's development. This chapter offers practical guidance for navigating educational supports through effective advocacy and collaboration with teachers and professionals, along with presenting hands-on strategies for teaching and supporting skill acquisition to empower parents in fostering their child's development. They conclude by recognizing the emotional impact on parents and highlight the importance of maintaining good mental health.
Changing and Adapting Curriculum While Teaching
Authors: Aldous Sara Mohammed , Ismail Ghaith Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Education is vital for professional development and is a fundamental human necessity. Unfortunately, individuals in many nations lack access to high-quality education. This study explores curriculum adjustments in Afghan education, emphasizing the narratives of academics and students. To meet evolving needs, institutions must prioritize ongoing curriculum modifications for improved educational quality. Afghan public universities can benefit from incorporating outcome-based education and student-centered learning. Local governments must understand displaced people's needs, adapting the curriculum accordingly. Implementing changes may pose psychological and cultural challenges for students and teachers. International collaboration is crucial for successful curriculum adoption. Decision-makers should focus on developing flexible curricula to address displaced individuals' unique needs. The resilience of Afghan educators and students showcases the human spirit's power. Collaborative efforts can break barriers, fostering a globally accessible education landscape.
Disrupted Educational Pathways in Afghanistan
Authors: Wani Nassir Ul Haq , Khan Farha Naz , Hashmi Shukriya Sadaat
Published: May 2024

The chapter explores the impact of education disparities under the Taliban on women's educational access and capabilities development in Afghanistan, a country on the brink of collapse due to ongoing conflicts and political upheaval. The study uses a case study technique to analyze the current state of women's education and its impact on women's capability development. The chapter argues that women's potential can revolutionize Afghan society and secure the country's existence as a modern nation-state. Women's education can help Afghan women enhance their capacities and contribute to the country's progress. The chapter concludes with reflections on the implications for government, development partners, communities, non-governmental organizations, and educational institutions in strengthening education services and building resilience in fragile contexts. It also highlights the need for linkages with social protection, justice, and psychosocial support services.
When Extraordinary Circumstances Call for Mutual Aid
Authors: Rosenbaum Stephen A. , Finger Davida , Khalili Negina , Hashimi Ghazi
Published: May 2024

In this chapter, the authors use the narrative essay as a device for providing insight into the experiences of legal scholars, with a spotlight on the personal journeys of two Afghan scholars whose lives and livelihood were put in jeopardy when their country's law professors and lawyers were abruptly thrust into a struggle for academic freedom, vigorous advocacy, and personal safety. They also share the reflections of two US-based legal educators who helped to secure the engagement of Afghans with American law schools at the time their own government was in the midst of a chaotic retreat and the Taliban had regained total control. This series of vignettes examines challenges faced by educators, lawyers, and students in Afghanistan and the United States and the profound impact of the Taliban's totalitarian takeover on academic freedom, human rights, and the pursuit of education.
Challenges and Barriers to Integrating AI in Library Environments
Authors: Ghosh Sanchita , Roy Piyal , Sarkar Saptarshi Kumar , Podder Amitava , Roy Bitan
Published: May 2024

Modern libraries involving AI present improved productivity, user experiences, and resource management. Responsible AI approaches are crucial because of ethical factors including algorithmic biases and patron data privacy. Organizational barriers provide serious difficulties that necessitate strategic ways for successful implementation. The integration scenario includes budget limits and expenditures related to AI technologies. Adoption of AI is made more complicated by regulatory factors, such as adherence to data protection laws and potential legal ramifications. Through the synthesis of extant research, this article offers a thorough comprehension of these intricate challenges. Technical, ethical, organizational, financial, and regulatory aspects provides insightful information for researchers, politicians, and librarians. In order to promote responsible AI integration in libraries and optimize the advantages of emerging technologies, the evaluation seeks to provide guidance for future strategies, policies, and decision-making procedures.
Automated Evaluation Techniques and AI-Enhanced Methods
Authors: Ahmed Sajeel , Zaki Abira , Bentley Yongmei
Published: May 2024

The chapter explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in reshaping assessment, grading, and feedback processes in higher education. They cover real-time feedback mechanisms, AI-driven practices, and evaluation of AI-based assessments, promoting a more equitable, student-centered learning environment. AI is revolutionizing higher education by providing personalized grading criteria, analyzing student data, and adjusting assessment criteria to accommodate diverse learning styles. This approach promotes student engagement, fairness, and equity, enabling educators to tailor teaching strategies and address learning gaps. The chapter emphasizes faculty training and AI-driven enhanced methods.
Enhancing Assessment Systems in Higher Education
Authors: Al-Amin Md. , Saqui Fatematuz Zahra , Khan Md. Rabbi
Published: May 2024

This chapter investigates the current environment to comprehend how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used in educational assessment. Through a narrative review of existing research, it delves into the latest developments in AI-powered learning assessments. The chapter analyzes the myriad of challenges that educators face when integrating AI seamlessly into assessment systems. By identifying these challenges, educators can evaluate their readiness to adopt AI tools for assessment. The two-pronged approach of the chapter contributes to the evolving discussion on how artificial Intelligence (AI) will reshape the assessment landscape in higher education.
Evolution of Assessment and Feedback Methods in Higher Education
Authors: Suhail Adeel H. , Guangul Fiseha Mekonnen , Nazeer Abdul
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the evolution of assessment and feedback in higher education, driven by technological advancements and changing societal needs. It highlights the shift from traditional to innovative, technology-based assessment methods, emphasizing the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital tools in creating more inclusive, personalized learning experiences. The discussion covers the historical context of assessment methods and the move towards more adaptable, skills-oriented evaluation strategies. It also addresses the rise of online and distance learning, accelerated by challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic, which require flexible and integrity-focused approaches to assessment. The aim is to shed light on the dynamic evolution of educational assessment, emphasizing the imperative to integrate AI and digital technologies in a way that aligns with diverse learning methodologies, thereby enhancing the efficacy and applicability of assessments and feedback mechanisms.
AI-Driven Transformation in Higher Education
Authors: Salah El Din Mohamed , Al Harrasi Nasser Hamed
Published: May 2024

The evolution of the higher education sector, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, pinpointed the necessity for agility and innovation in performing the increased load in administrative duties. Artificial intelligence (AI) showed up as a prominent solution for higher education institutions (HEI). This chapter explores AI's potential in administrative functions like scheduling, library services, enrollment, and others, acknowledging the benefits and highlighting challenges such as stakeholder participation, lack of knowledge, privacy concerns, and budgetary limitations. It promotes a holistic, phased approach to AI integration, underscoring strong leadership, clear vision, and collaboration for successful adoption and enhancing educational quality.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education and Its Socioscientific Evaluation
Authors: Cildir Sema
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines in detail the socioscientific (SS) dimensions of the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education. As a result, it was emphasized that the use of AI in higher education should be discussed as a topic with its features such as ethical and moral issues, complexity, and uncertainty issues. It is recommended that university administrations take urgent measures against the negativities that may occur in the near future both in higher education and in society, and to open the issue to discussion at the international level from the perspective of SS. In particular, determining the ethical and legal framework and setting standards as soon as possible is very important in order to minimize the negative effects of rapidly developing AI and to benefit from the advantages of its positive aspects without fear. Both students and academics should be informed about the conscious use of AI and the precautions to be taken against its negative effects. Thus, university administrations organizing trainings can solve the problems in the short term.
Assessing Water Quality With Machine Learning
Authors: Arjaria Siddhartha Kumar , Singh Shikha , Rathore Abhishek Singh , Gupta Rajeev Kumar
Published: May 2024

An important factor influencing the global environment and public health scene is the Water Quality Index (WQI). Better water quality is correlated with a higher WQI, which benefits sustainable economic growth, environmental preservation, and public health. This emphasizes how crucial it is to preserve and improve water quality globally. The degree of pollution in the air, water, sound, etc. is rising because of the fast industrial growth. The quality of drinking water is determined by the Water Quality Index. The chapter will examine the various machine-learning techniques used to determine the quality of the water. The effectiveness of well-known machine learning methods, such as neural networks, decision trees, and gradient boosting (CatBoost), is being investigated to determine the quality of water samples gathered from various sources. About 68% accuracy is achieved using gradient boosting (CatBoost). Almost all the classifiers give an accuracy greater than 61%.
The Role of AI in Finnish Green Economy and Especially in Circular Economy
Authors: Rusko Rauno
Published: May 2024

Environmentalism and artificial intelligence (AI) represent two contemporary global megatrends. Environmentalism has various forms, such as prevention of global warming and improvements of circular economy. This chapter specifically delves into the enhancement of the circular economy and explores the potential role of AI within this context, with Finland serving as a case study example. Finland is particularly noteworthy due to its ambitious endeavors in the field of circular economy. Analysis of study is based on the content analysis of the Finnish public circular economy reports, which contain several AI and digital-based solutions. The results show the shortage of open innovation attitudes and knowledge sharing, which slow the use of AI in the Finnish circular economy.
Reviewing the Literature
Authors: Le Anh Thanh Nguyet , Vo Ngan Phan Thu , Hong Thuy Diem , Lu Anh Tram Ngoc , Bui Nguyen Thi Cao
Published: May 2024

This chapter will cover the principles and procedures for conducting a literature review, following an introduction to the meaning, needs, nature, and objectives of such a review. It is critical for researchers to understand the importance, reasons, and outcomes of literature reviews. One essential step for researchers is to assess whether their topic is researchable before deciding to pursue it. The chapter will then delve into the steps involved in conducting a literature review, which includes searching for existing literature from diverse sources such as books, journals, and the internet, and developing a theoretical and conceptual framework. These steps will be explained in detail in this chapter.
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
Authors: Bao Kham
Published: May 2024

This chapter aims to examine the qualitative and quantitative approaches dialectically from the two perspectives: disparity and complementarity. While the disparity perspective addresses the polarization of these two paradigms, the complementarity deals mainly with the interaction of these paradigms. These two perspectives are explained thoroughly on the philosophical assumptions and practical features. The chapter also examines the three different approaches that emerge from their interaction: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. These approaches are logically explicated in terms of both characteristics and influential factors regarding their choice.
Qualitative Data Collection
Authors: Dang Tu Thi Cam , Nguyen Huy Van , Tran Phuong Thi Thao
Published: May 2024

The process of collecting qualitative data could be time-consuming and complicated, depending on the competence of the researcher. Although the use of qualitative data is much favored to shed light on the contingencies and intricacies of complex social research problems, it is often frowned upon due to the inconsistent nature of data and the interference of researchers' voices and values. It is thus important for researchers to understand the nature of this kind of data and how they can be collected effectively. In this chapter, we focus on the process of collecting qualitative data. The chapter begins with philosophical assumptions in collecting qualitative data, then will turn to different types of qualitative data and qualitative research approaches. Next, a list of techniques to collect qualitative data will be presented. Finally, the ethical issues of the qualitative data collection process will be covered.
Ensuring Credibility and Trustworthiness in Qualitative Inquiries
Authors: Bang Truong Cong
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines conceptualizations and applications of validity in qualitative research within applied linguistics and language education. It outlines the importance of addressing validity given the complexity of language phenomena and contextual embeddedness of language research. Strategies to enhance ethical qualitative practice are discussed. Limitations of existing validity approaches for these fields are critiqued and alternative perspectives proposed. Additionally, the chapter analyzes myriad validity considerations regarding the multifaceted nature of language and aims of language-focused inquiries, providing case study examples. Methodological and ethical strategies to strengthen qualitative research validity are explored, emphasizing reflexivity and researcher positionality. The chapter argues for embracing expanded conceptual lenses aligned with ethical priorities to realize rigorous, equitable and justice-oriented qualitative practice.
Sampling, Generalizability, and Reliability
Authors: Tin Nghi Tran , Bui Hung Phu
Published: May 2024

This chapter presents the intricate process of sampling within the context of applied linguistics and language education research, providing a comprehensive overview of various sampling techniques and their critical roles in ensuring the validity and reliability of research outcomes. It thoroughly examines both probability and nonprobability sampling methods, outlining their respective advantages, limitations, and suitable applications. Through detailed discussion, the chapter highlights the importance of careful sample selection to accurately reflect the population of interest, thus ensuring the generalizability of the research findings. Key considerations such as sample size determination, minimizing sampling bias, and ethical issues related to sampling are explored, offering valuable insights for researchers. By integrating these considerations with practical examples and guidelines, this chapter aims to equip researchers in applied linguistics and language education with the knowledge to design robust studies that can contribute significantly to the field.
Case Study
Authors: Tran Tuyet Thi , Nguyen Ha-Anh Thi
Published: May 2024

This chapter delves into the impact of case studies within applied linguistics and language education, underscoring its indispensable role in navigating the complexities of contemporary language learning and teaching. The chapter illuminates how this approach facilitates a nuanced understanding of linguistic phenomena within real-life contexts by examining the case study method's core principles, design, and implementation strategies. Emphasizing the flexibility and adaptability of case studies, the chapter showcases their capacity to offer in-depth, rich insights that transcend traditional research methodologies. This chapter also articulates an argument for integrating case studies in advancing the field's knowledge base and practice by aligning its mission with the book's overarching aim. Concluding with a reflective synthesis, the chapter invites researchers and practitioners alike to engage with the case study, highlighting its transformative potential and enduring impact on applied linguistics and language education.
Revisiting Applied Linguistics and Language Education in the Digital Era
Authors: Hoang Viet Quoc , Van Khang Nguyen
Published: May 2024

In response to linguistic development, applied linguistics has become a specialized field capturing linguists' attention. It addresses real-world language problems, especially in education. With its applied concept, it has broadened its mission, targets, and scope, positioning itself as an interdisciplinary field between linguistics and education, exploring critical issues in language use. Simultaneously, technological advances have significantly influenced the landscape of applied linguistics. An extensive survey of the current literature in the field shows some topics of interest, such as technology-enhanced language learning, computational linguistics, and technology-assisted language assessment, having expanded the paradigms of applied linguistics. This chapter situates applied linguistics as influenced by linguistics, education, psychology, and sociology, presenting the recent expansion of the scope of applied linguistics, and discussing its future direction.
Role of Information Technology in Enhancing Healthcare Services
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of information technology (IT) in enhancing healthcare services. It aimed to evaluate the status of health information technology (HIT), factors influencing HIT usage, and strategic aspects contributing to its effective utilization. Adopting a mixed-methods research design using open-ended interviews and quantitative elements through structured surveys, and thematic analysis for qualitative data, while descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data. The findings revealed the need for infrastructure upgrades and extensive training programs and factors affecting HIT usage reveal notable impacts on administrative processes and patient care outcomes, with challenges increasing the administrative workload and influencing coordination processes. Collaborative efforts between healthcare professionals and IT staff can act as the impetus for successful HIT implementation, integration, workflow optimization, and the development of user-friendly systems.
A Comparative Performance of Green Technology, Green Growth, Social, and Economic Development in India and China
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Singh Santosh , K. G. Sankaranarayanan
Published: May 2024

This chapter provides the comparative performance of green technology (GT), green growth, and social-economic development in India and China. It used 43 indicators that helped to increase green growth and social-economic development. Time trend analysis is applied to examine the performance of green growth, GT, and economic development. Correlation coefficient analysis is used to examine the association of economic development and useful indicators related to green growth, GT, and digitalization. India has relatively low scope to apply GT in the production sector as compared to China. Therefore, most green growth and digitalization-related indicators have a positive and statistically significant association with economic development in India and China. India has a greater possibility to apply green technologies to increase the green growth and economic development. This chapter produces several policy proposals to increase green growth, resource efficiency, and sustainable development through GT and digitalization.
Seeds of Knowledge
Authors: Lemley Stephanie M. , McCubbins OP , Berryhill Andrea G. , Chandler Lendon , Hill Valerie Grace
Published: May 2024

A society who is well informed about agriculture and all its processes is a society that will adapt and grow to make informed decisions impacting themselves and their environment. However, Americans are roughly three generations removed from the farm. This disconnect from our agricultural roots can cause misconceptions about food production and agricultural illiteracy. One way to help alleviate this illiteracy is to teach agricultural content in elementary schools. In this chapter, the authors review research on formal and informal agricultural literacy programming in elementary schools and teacher perceptions of teaching such programming. Further, the authors offer directions for future research for members of the agricultural education community including professional development models, cross-disciplinary integration, longitudinal studies, diverse education settings, curriculum development for elementary classrooms, teacher confidence and perceptions, barriers to implementation, technology integration, and policy impact studies.
Integrated STEM in School-Based Agricultural Education
Authors: Knobloch Neil A. , Wang Hui-Hui
Published: May 2024

The agricultural, food, and natural resources (AFNR) system provides a rich context for solving complex and authentic problems. Agricultural educators have been teaching science, technology, and mathematics for many decades. Yet, the integrated STEM approach is an emergent pedagogy to intentionally teach academics in the context of AFNR. The authors argue that school-based agricultural education (SBAE) plays a unique and important role in serving as an integrator for STEM. AFNR can drive integrated STEM. The authors introduce the history of STEM and how it evolved in SBAE. They provide a rationale why integrated STEM should be taught in AFNR and SBAE and how epistemological thinking in AFNR provides a unique and complementary approach to solving complex problems using STEM. Integrated STEM in AFNR is defined and with characteristics. A review of research studies is summarized, and the authors propose a research agenda for future studies. This chapter on integrated STEM in AFNR has raised more questions, philosophically, conceptually, pedagogically, and empirically, which they hope launches scholarly discussions.
Global Learning in Agriculture
Authors: Foster Daniel Douglas , Rice Laura L. , Foster Melanie Joy Miller
Published: May 2024

Agricultural education is crucial for addressing global sustainability challenges and achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The authors highlight the integration of education for sustainable development (ESD) principles into agricultural education, aiming to meet agricultural workforce's needs while contributing to sustainable and equitable practices worldwide. The authors advocate for expanding the scope of global learning beyond traditional international programs outlining research priorities in agricultural educator professional development and global agricultural education delivery systems, emphasizing the need for effective, resource-efficient interventions while highlighting the existing gap in correlating global learning experiences with student learning outcomes. By integrating global learning into agricultural education, the discipline asserts its essential role in societal success. The chapter culminates in a call for collaborative research efforts to further agricultural education's relevance and contribution to addressing global challenges.