bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Handing off iron to the next generation: how does it get into seeds and what for?
Authors: Mari Stéphane , Bailly Christophe , Thomine Sébastien
Published: January 2020

To ensure the success of the new generation in annual species, the mother plant transfers a large proportion of the nutrients it has accumulated during its vegetative life to the next generation through its seeds. Iron (Fe) is required in large amounts to provide the energy and redox power to sustain seedling growth. However, free Fe is highly toxic as it leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Fe must, therefore, be tightly bound to chelating molecules to allow seed survival for long periods of time without oxidative damage. Nevertheless, when conditions are favorable, the seed's Fe stores have to be readily remobilized to achieve the transition toward active photosynthesis before the seedling becomes able to take up Fe from the environment. This is likely critical for the vigor of the young plant. Seeds constitute an important dietary source of Fe, which is essential for human health. Understanding the mechanisms of Fe storage in seeds is a key to improve their Fe content and availability in order to fight Fe deficiency. Seed longevity, germination efficiency and seedling vigor are also important traits that may be affected by the chemical form under which Fe is stored. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on seed Fe loading during development, long-term storage and remobilization upon germination. We highlight how this knowledge may help seed Fe biofortification and discuss how Fe storage may affect the seed quality and germination efficiency.
A Hearing Screening Pilot Study With Students With Significant Cognitive Disabilities
Authors: Quick Nancy , Roush Jackson , Erickson Karen , Mundy Martha
Published: January 2020

Purpose

Many children with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities are at a higher risk for hearing loss than their peers who are typically developing. Unfortunately, they do not consistently participate in routine school-based hearing screenings. The current study investigated the feasibility of increasing their participation using an otoacoustic emissions protocol and documented results relative to student educational profiles.

Method

A total of 43 students with significant cognitive disabilities enrolled at a public school exclusively serving this population participated in the study. All but 9, who were excluded because of known hearing loss, were screened by a licensed audiologist assisted by audiology doctoral students. The protocol included otoscopy, tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and teacher surveys.

Results

DPOAE screening was attempted on 33 students without previously diagnosed hearing loss and successfully completed for 26 (78.8%). Two students (4.6%) with absent otoacoustic emissions and normal tympanograms were referred for further assessment due to concerns about possible sensorineural hearing loss in one or both ears, and 10 (23.3%) had abnormal tympanograms in one or both ears.

Conclusions

Considering the high risk of sensorineural hearing loss for children with significant disabilities, it is important for them to be included in school hearing screenings. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of using DPOAEs for school-based hearing screenings with this population with an interprofessional team of licensed audiologists, educators, and speech-language pathologists. The results further suggest that students with significant disabilities and hearing loss may be unidentified and underserved. Given the complex needs of this population, an interprofessional practice model for hearing screenings and intervention services is recommended.
In the mind of an insider attacker on cyber‐physical systems and how not being fooled
Authors: Ning Xirong , Jiang Jin
Published: January 2020

Insider attacks are one of the most serious threats for cyber‐physical systems, they have potentials to inflict destructive damages on physical processes while remaining stealthy. This study dissects several insider attacks by examining their modes of data tampering. To set the scene, a general framework of a cyber‐physical system is constructed, a pattern characterising insider attacks is introduced in the form of attack goals, resources, constraints, modes, and attack paths. The conditions under which the attackers can maintain stealthy are examined in both temporal and spatial domains. With the inside knowledge, an attacker can use an attack graph to exploit system vulnerabilities and determine the high impact targets. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this analysis, a cyber‐physical system is constructed by using networks and a nuclear process control test facility with ports deliberately left open for attackers. Two attack scenarios are staged, and their characteristics and impacts are examined. This case study demonstrates how an insider attacker might mount an attack by using data tampering and how they can maintain stealthy before major damages are done to the physical system. The significance of this study is to uncover the techniques of insider attackers so that vulnerabilities can be mended.
H∞ filtering of networked switched systems with multiple packet dropouts via switched Lyapunov function approach
Authors: Cai Fenghuang , Huang Juan , Wang Wu , Huang Jie , Lin Qiongbin , Li Yurong
Published: January 2020

This study considers a filtering problem for discrete‐time switched systems with multiple packet dropouts. The switching signal may be lost that is similar to the measurement signal during transmission. Also, the multiple packet‐dropouts phenomenon is described by Bernoulli binary sequences. With the aid of a novel switched Lyapunov function containing a random change of switching rate, sufficient conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities for the desired filter are derived, which ensure the filtering error system is exponentially stable in the sense of mean square with prescribed performance. Finally, a practical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Observer and fault‐tolerant controller design for discrete‐time multiple state‐delayed T–S fuzzy systems
Authors: Sun Shaoxin , Zhang Huaguang , Cai Yuliang , Mu Yunfei
Published: January 2020

This study is concerned with observer‐based fault estimation (FE) and fault‐tolerant controller design for a class of discrete‐time Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems. There exist multiple time‐varying state delays, sensor and actuator faults, local non‐linear dynamics and exogenous disturbances in the systems. In comparison with the existing results, the approach suggested in this study is more flexible and feasible. By means of the n ‐step induction FE, a novel fuzzy adaptive descriptor observer is developed to obtain the n ‐step error functions. Then, an active dynamic output feedback fault‐tolerant controller is designed to stabilise the closed‐loop fuzzy system. Furthermore, a set of delay‐dependent sufficient conditions are provided by the fuzzy Lyapunov function which utilises the form of linear matrix inequalities. The stability results from the observer and the controller in this study have less conservatism compared with the ones from the existence of observers and fault‐tolerant controllers. At last, a simulation example is presented to demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of the approach proposed in the study.
Interval observer design method for asynchronous switched systems
Authors: Huang Jun , Ma Xiang , Zhao Xudong , Che Haochi , Chen Liang
Published: January 2020

When designing interval observers for switched systems, for simplicity, it is always assumed that the switching signal of interval observers is synchronised with one of subsystems. However, in fact, they are asynchronous in most cases. In this study, the interval observer design problem for discrete‐time switched systems with asynchronous switching law is investigated. At first, a robust observer is designed based on the observer theory. Then, in order to reduce the conservatism of design conditions and improve the performance of the interval observer, the zonotope method is applied to estimate the bounds of system state. Finally, two examples are provided to highlight the efficiency of the proposed method.
Multiphysics analysis of high‐speed permanent magnet generators for waste heat application
Authors: Du Guanghui , Huang Na
Published: January 2020

In the direct drive waste heat power system, the turbine is directly connected to high‐speed permanent magnet generators (HSPMGs), and the transmission efficiency, service life and system volume can be obviously improved by removing the gearbox and screw rod. However, in the design of high‐speed electrical machines, a comprehensive multiphysics analysis must be conducted in order to meet various requirements of electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal specifications simultaneously. The design of one HSPMG by the multiphysics approach for the electromagnetic and loss characteristics, rotor stress, rotor dynamics and fluid‐thermal parameters, which satisfies all specified multiphysics constraints, is presented. The theoretical results are confirmed by the experimental results on a prototype in terms of electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal characteristics, such as induced voltage, load current, rotor continuous operation and temperature distribution.
FPGA implementation of an Islanding detection technique for microgrid using periodic maxima of superimposed voltage components
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Kumar Vishal , Pratap Rajendra
Published: January 2020

In this study, a novel islanding detection technique (IDT) based on the islanding discrimination factor using the periodic maxima of superimposed voltage components is proposed. The voltage profile of the target distributed generator is monitored continuously and its sequence components are extracted using half‐angle theorem. A modular approach is used to implement the IDT algorithm, which is targeted on the reconfigurable hardware, i.e. field‐programmable gate array. Hardware description language Verilog has been used to optimise the hardware resources and minimise the computational complexity. Hardware‐in‐loop verification of the proposed IDT has been done for islanding and non‐islanding events with a microgrid (MG) test system developed on real‐time digital simulator. Various cases for both islanding and non‐islanding events, namely different faults are realised on the developed MG system. The results suggest that the proposed scheme successfully differentiates islanding events from a non‐islanding event, and also detects the islanding event accurately under perfect power balance condition within half a cycle.
Fast transient‐based detection of busbar faults employing improved morphological gradient
Authors: Lashgari Mahmoud , Mohammad Shahrtash Seyed
Published: January 2020

In this study, a new method for ultra‐fast speed busbar protection is presented. The method is based on processing the incoming/outgoing current signals of lines or transformers connected to a substation busbar by the improved morphological gradient. The proposed algorithm is simple and requires neither fault detector nor fault classifier and it is immune to fault type, fault inception angle, fault resistance, and noise with SNRs down to 5 dB. It is applicable to different substation configurations or bus systems. According to the simulation results, the proposed algorithm has high security and dependability in discrimination of external and internal faults with the ultra‐fast operation. Moreover, in the case of the existing two busbars in a substation layout, the proposed indices can discriminate between the faults of the two bus zones.
Noise performance of an AlGaN/GaN monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) low‐noise amplifier under laser exposure
Authors: Caddemi Alina , Cardillo Emanuele , Patanè Salvatore , Triolo Claudia
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to disclose how the performance of a gallium nitride (GaN)‐based X‐band low‐noise amplifier is modified by applying a blue‐ray (404 nm) laser beam. The tested amplifier employs an aluminium gallium nitride/GaN (AlGaN/GaN) high electron mobility transistor on silicon carbide whose dc and noise behaviour have been first analysed with and without optical illumination. Mild improvement of the gain together with severe degradation of the noise figure has occurred during light exposure with the amplifier operating according to the recommended bias condition. Conversely, pronounced improvement of the performance has taken place when the amplifier has been biased close to the transistor pinch‐off point. The results presented in this work follow a previous intense activity carried out on devices and amplifiers based on gallium arsenide technology.
Cloud formation in the atomic and molecular phase: H I self absorption (HISA) towards a giant molecular filament
Authors: Wang Y. , Bihr S. , Beuther H. , Rugel M. R. , Soler J. D. , Ott J. , Kainulainen J. , Schneider N. , Klessen R. S. , Glover S. C. O. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Goldsmith P. F. , Johnston K. G. , Menten K. M. , Ragan S. , Anderson L. D. , Urquhart J. S. , Linz H. , Roy N. , Smith R. J. , Bigiel F. , Henning T. , Longmore S. N.
Published: January 2020

Molecular clouds form from the atomic phase of the interstellar medium. However, characterizing the transition between the atomic and the molecular interstellar medium (ISM) is a complex observational task. Here we address cloud formation processes by combining H Iself absorption (HISA) with molecular line data. Column density probability density functions (N-PDFs) are a common tool for examining molecular clouds. One scenario proposed by numerical simulations is that the N-PDF evolves from a log-normal shape at early times to a power-law-like shape at later times. To date, investigations of N-PDFs have been mostly limited to the molecular component of the cloud. In this paper, we study the cold atomic component of the giant molecular filament GMF38.1-32.4a (GMF38a, distance = 3.4 kpc, length ~ 230 pc), calculate its N-PDFs, and study its kinematics. We identify an extended HISA feature, which is partly correlated with the13CO emission. The peak velocities of the HISA and13CO observations agree well on the eastern side of the filament, whereas a velocity offset of approximately 4 km s−1is found on the western side. The sonic Mach number we derive from the linewidth measurements shows that a large fraction of the HISA, which is ascribed to the cold neutral medium (CNM), is at subsonic and transonic velocities. The column density of the CNM part is on the order of 1020to 1021cm−2. The column density of molecular hydrogen, traced by13CO, is an order of magnitude higher. The N-PDFs from HISA (CNM), H Iemission (the warm and cold neutral medium), and13CO (molecular component) are well described by log-normal functions, which is in agreement with turbulent motions being the main driver of cloud dynamics. The N-PDF of the molecular component also shows a power law in the high column-density region, indicating self-gravity. We suggest that we are witnessing two different evolutionary stages within the filament. The eastern subregion seems to be forming a molecular cloud out of the atomic gas, whereas the western subregion already shows high column density peaks, active star formation, and evidence of related feedback processes.
Sensitivity analysis of atmospheric spectral irradiance model
Authors: Albino André , Bortoli Daniele , Tlemçani Mouhaydine , Hajjaji Abdeloawahed , Joyce António
Published: January 2020

Many Radiative Transfer Models (RTM) have been developed to simulate and estimate solar irradiance. Theirs accuracy is well documents in literature nonetheless the effect of the parameters uncertainties on the established models has not been well studied yet. This work focuses on implementing a RTM based on the models found in the literature along with some updates, with the aim to study the sensitivity of the model towards the variations of the input parameters. The parameters studied in this paper are: the day of the year, the solar zenith angle, the local atmospheric pressure, the local temperature, the relative humidity, the height of ozone layer concentration, the ozone concentration, the single scattering albedo, the ground albedo, the Ångström’s exponent and the aerosol optical depth. The sensibility analysis is achieved using the Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) as an independent function, calculated with a set of simulated measurements of spectral global solar irradiance and a reference spectrum generated with a group of standard input parameters.
A debate on issues regarding the new ISO 45001:2018 standard adoption
Authors: Neag Paula Nicoleta , Ivascu Larisa , Draghici Anca
Published: January 2020

The paper presents a debate on the implications of the ISO 45001 framework for management systems addressing occupational health and safety. The aim is to provide a comprehensive approach based on the ISO 45001 on safety culture and much more, for the nurture and development of the preventive one. First, the paper establishes a theoretical foundation for this initiative together with some practical considerations for implementation. Second, there will be presented an early feedback collected through a survey developed with managers from different companies located in the West Region of Romania about ISO 45001 implementation. The research conclusions underline that there is a lot of wisdom tucked away in the standard and that have been not yet understood and valorised; the results identify a new approach of what should be considered for the quality safety program and culture (as training and consultancy activities).
Assessment of emergency consequences and hazardous factors impact from the process of explosive conversion products and materials disposal
Authors: Holinko Vasyl , Ustymenko Yevhen , Bondarenko Volodymyr , Kovalevska Iryna
Published: January 2020

Purpose is development of tools for assessing the emergency hazard of facility for disposal of explosive conversion products and materials. Results have been obtained by means of the economic and mathematical modelling methods, with use of the fundamental provisions of probability theory. The main task of conversion products and materials disposal is the creation and organization of safe technological processes aimed at returning the material resources contained in the conversion products to the state’s economy after the appropriate processing, rather than at destroying these resources. As a methodological basis for assessing the emergency hazard of a facility, a provision has been accepted that an integral measure of the disposal process hazard is the economic assessment of accidents. A scheme has been constructed of successiveness of the disposal facility events and states that can lead to an accident, on the basis of which a probabilistic model of its occurrence is developed. Proposed probabilistic model of an accident initiation at the facility for disposal of explosive conversion products and materials makes it possible to predict the behaviour of facility, based on results of the equipment and service personnel state survey, as well as on the analysis of the environmental conditions.
Automation of physical experiments regarding explosions of air-methane mixtures
Authors: Şimon-Marinică Adrian Bogdan , Vass Zoltan
Published: January 2020

In the following study, experimental results are obtained from an automated stand. With the help of this experimental stand, visualization techniques such as Schlieren and Shadowgraph can be applied, to study the flame front propagation of air and inflammable gas mixtures initiation. In parallel, an infrared sensor was used to control a push-pull solenoid to open the gas escape diaphragm of the stand. To obtain the explosive gas mixture at various concentrations (between the lower explosion limit and the upper explosion limit) an original programmable mixer was used, based on computational algorithms for accurate control of stepper motors which allow attainment of air and inflammable gas flows in order to achieve a homogeneous and continuous mixture at the desired concentration. The performed experiments allow for a better understanding of the flame front production and propagation, facilitating the knowledge and optimization of the operating times from the reduction mechanisms for reducing the effects of explosions of the flammable gas-air mixtures.
Comparison of four major industrial disasters from the perspective of human error factor
Authors: Darabont Doru Costin , Badea Daniel Onut , Trifu Alina
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the preliminary findings of a project still in progress at INCDPM regarding” Knowledge transfer partnership and research development in the assessment and prevention of occupational risks which may conduct to disaster”. After studying the major industrial disasters of our times, it become clear that even with technological advancement, human error is still the major cause of accidents and incidents. Analysis of human error and their role in accidents is an important part of developing systematic methods for reliability in the industry and risk prediction. To obtain data for predictive analysis is necessary to analyse accidents and incidents to identify its causes in terms of component failures and human errors. Therefore, a proper understanding of human factors in the workplace is an important aspect in the prevention of accidents, and human factors should be considered in any program to prevent those that are caused by human error. The comparison between four major industrial disasters (Chernobyl, Bhopal, Deepwater Horizon, Alpha Piper) was made using Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), a modified version of “Swiss Cheese” model that describes the levels at which active failures and latent failures/conditions may occur within complex operations.
Ensuring the safety of workers in underground electrical installations - professional risk assessment
Authors: Buică Georgeta , Antonov Anca Elena , Beiu Constantin , Pasculescu Dragos , Dobra Remus
Published: January 2020

Occupational risk assessment is a prevention tool used to manage safety and health at work in the national economy sectors of activity.

Within the operation and maintenance in underground electrical installations, several major risk factors are identified, mainly due to work equipment cumulated with risk factors generated by the work environment and workload.

To highlight the working conditions and the technical requirements of the underground electrical installations, the activity carried out for 50 years was analyzed, taking into account the lifespan of the electrical installations. Also, the events and accidents at work, the assessments of the risk in the workplace was analysed and represents a synthesis of research studies carried out so far.

The research highlights the role of safety measures aimed to ensure the safety and health of workers working in underground electrical installations, mainly about work equipment and the means of work against electrocution to efficiently manage occupational risks and reduce workplace accidents and occupational disease, as well as technical events in electrical installations.
Ergonomic intervention combined with an occupational and organizational psychology and sociology perspectives in production systems
Authors: Neag Paula Nicoleta , Ivascu Larisa , Mocan Anca , Draghici Anca
Published: January 2020

The paper describes a propose interdisciplinary approach for improving working conditions in production systems. The proposed approach has been customized and apply in the case of a lean production system in order to demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness. The research approach and its associated methodology consists of three stages: (1) a qualitative research using the Grounded Theory, which provide a theoretical model on the the employees behavior within the analyzed lean production system; (2) a quantitative research, survey based on a designed questionnaire, for the investigation of the motivation – satisfaction relation; (3) a quantitative research for the ergonomic risk assessment associated with repetitive upper limb movements (that are dominant in the case of the assembly line that has been studied) using the OCRA method for the improvement of the workers stress. The research results contribute to the knowledge development and to the the diminishing of the occupational hazards and generating workplace wellbeing.
Experimentation of a banded tandem ventilation system with balanced structure
Authors: Cioclea Doru , Gherghe Ion , Chiuzan Emeric , Matei Adrian , Drăgoescu Răzvan
Published: January 2020

The problem of industrial ventilation has arisen as a result of the serious pollution problems of both the industrial areas and the industrial premises. The polluted atmosphere, outside the industrial premises, can penetrate inside them naturally or through ventilation systems. The commissioning of a ventilation system occurs whenever a workplace generates more pollutants than those normally accepted by hygiene of work conditions, safety, health, etc. In order to be able to choose the correct ventilation system, a complete analysis of the workplace to be ventilated must be carried out so that the solution chosen to solve the problem of the exhaust, but also be well received by the user, respecting the thermal comfort of it. The paper presents the results of experimenting with a balanced tandem ventilation system with stable and unstable operation.
Exploring the possibilities to increase the autonomy of an electric vehicle
Authors: Marcuş Răzvan , Stoicuţa Olimpiu , Rus Cosmin , Tomus Bogdan
Published: January 2020

The paper identifies the possible energy sources that an electric vehicle can use during its operation to increase energy autonomy. The identified sources are modeled and simulated, and the results are interpreted in terms of viability. The paper presents the constructive principles of a power regeneration system consumed by an electric vehicle during operation to increase its autonomy. It also identifies the possible energy sources that an electric vehicle can use during its operation. The concepts of electricity regeneration are modeled and simulated, and the results are interpreted in terms of viability.
Importance of training the personnel performing specific activities related to equipment / installations operating in areas classified as with potentially explosive atmospheres
Authors: Moldovan Lucian , Magyari Mihai , Andriş Adriana , Pupăzan Gabriela , Moldovan Clementina
Published: January 2020

Equipment operating in installations endangered by the occurrence of potentially explosive atmospheres have special features designed in order to make them suitable for operations in such areas. Equipment designed for use in potentially explosive atmospheres shall be placed on the EU market considering the provisions of the ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU and the harmonized European standards under this Directive. Even if equipment is placed on the EU market in accordance with ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU provisions, the special characteristics providing protection to explosion can be invalidated in installation design, erection, operation, inspection, maintenance or repairing phases. In order to prevent invalidation of explosion protection characteristics an important accent is placed on training and authorization of personnel involved in design, mounting, operation, inspection, maintenance or repairing of equipment/installations operating in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Improvement of the procedure of new filter masks development
Authors: Cheberyachko Serhii , Cheberyachko Yurii , Radchuk Dmytro , Deryugin Oleg , Nesterova Olha
Published: January 2020

The purpose is to substantiate theoretically the design of elastomeric half mask and canister of respirator of long-term protection. To develop the models for theoretical calculations of protective properties of dust masks the theory of non-stationary filtration and hydro aerodynamics was applied. To develop the digital model of a head the downhill simplex method was applied reflecting separate face features considering sex or age; to determine the halfmask surface the free energy equation for bowed plate being described by two-dimension spline surface was used with its unknown coefficients determined by method of proportional parts based on three-dimension coordinates of anthropometric face features. The main anthropometric face features influencing halfmasks design were determined to develop polygonous 3D model of head. According to its determined basic coordinates the surface of halfmask was determined using method of interpolation. Considering the mathematical model describing the movement of dust flows near a halfmask and in canister the dependences of distribution of air flow speed in a canister of variable geometry were set and kinematic parameters of dust-laden airflow according to a canister volume were determined. Reasonable geometric parameters of canister were determined; transient modulation from filter to inlet valve hole is performed as a contractor.
Numerical simulation of air flow in short metro ventilation shafts caused by a piston effect
Authors: Ilias Nicolae , Lanchava Omar , Nozadze Giorgi
Published: January 2020

Protecting the infrastructure of the metro from unauthorized actions with the help of ventilation openings of the systems is one of the main security problems of this type of transport. This article discusses the problem of the dynamics of distribution of the mass flow rate of ventilation air in a two-component system “tunnel vertical ventilation shaft”, due to the piston effect of a moving train. The dependence of the mass flow rate of ventilation air passing in both directions in short ventilation shafts (up to 10 m), on the speed, location of the rolling stock and cross-sectional area of the ventilation shaft is investigated. It is shown, that at speeds of 10–20 m / s of rolling stock and sections of the ventilation shaft of more than 4 m2, the mass flow rate of air passing through the ventilation shaft must be taken into account with the mass flow rate of ventilation air in the transport tunnel for assessing the safety of the harmful aerosols. These processes can have a significant impact on the air quality of the underground infrastructure of the metro.
Parameters analysis for a sustainable management of solid waste in university buildings
Authors: Ragazzi Marco , Cristina Rada Elena , Abbà Alessandro , Schiavon Marco
Published: January 2020

Educational institutions and, specifically, university campuses are large energy consumers and waste producers. The impact of university campuses on the local waste management increases with decreasing the size of the city/town where universities are located. Following the growing interest of the scientific community on the research for strategies to improve the environmental sustainability of educational institutions, this paper aims at proposing specific parameters to 1) measure the performance of university buildings in waste management, 2) detect anomalous situations that require improvements and 3) implement ameliorative actions. Specifically, parameters like the per-capita or surface-specific waste generation could help identifying the structures that may require primary interventions. With reference to the case of a medium-size university, the paper points out the advantages of the punctual tariff system for waste management adopted by the local utility company and critically analyses its weak points. Overall, this system offers great opportunities for improving waste management and for cost savings, but requires careful management policies by public institutions.
Regional socio-economic aspects in the field of coal mining
Authors: Irimie Sabina , Popescu Gloria
Published: January 2020

Over time, the discovery of the deposit, the exploitation and processing of coal has led to the development and prosperity of many areas called “coal regions”. In the last decades we have witnessed the closing process of many exploitation capacities (underground mines or open pit quarries) with complex socio-economic and even cultural impact in the coal region and on the continent. Debates for or against “coal” with related arguments, policies, strategies and measures at global, regional, national and local level integrate holistically from the “resource” issue to large dynamic systems (energy, climate, urbanism). The relationship between the coal industry and the socio-economic aspects is multifaceted and not yet fully explored. Our paper proposes a statistically documented research on regional development using representative socio-economic indicators. The paper is aiming to present the current socio-economic state in Jiu Valley micro-region, as a result of the structural transformations / changes in the coal industry of Romania’s largest hard coal-fired coal basin.
Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation
Authors: Arnold Tatu Georgiana Luiza , Vladut Nicolae Valentin , Voicea Iulian , Vanghele Nicoleta Alexandra , Pruteanu Mirabela Augustina
Published: January 2020

Environment pollution with heavy metals, can be a cause of the industrialization activities and technological processes, and has become an important issue. Soil contamination due to natural or anthropogenic causes (such as mining, smelting, warfare and military training, electronic industries, fossil fuel consumption, waste disposal, agrochemical use and irrigation) is a major environmental hazard. Various remediation techniques have been highlighted to clean or restore soils contaminated with heavy metals such physical, chemical or biological. Phytoremediation is a relatively new approach to removing contaminants from the environmental. It may be defined as the use of plants to remove, destroy or sequester hazardous substances from environmental. This paper is a review of removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation.
Research on the advantages of in situ investigation of air quality parameters by means of environmental auto laboratories
Authors: Călămar Angelica-Nicoleta , Toth Lorand , Simion Sorin , Kovacs Marius
Published: January 2020

Air quality monitoring involves a series of quantitative and qualitative observation and measurement of several air condition indicators, such as concentrations of air components. For this purpose, it is necessary to take several samples of air (gases, dusts, VOCs, physicochemical agents) with specialized equipment having the lowest measuring ranges, sometimes going up to ppt concentrations. At present, most environmental laboratories use individual equipment / analysers for each analysed environmental parameter or carry out sampling in an absorbent / adsorbent environment, and then analyse compounds in laboratories. The current paper presents the advantages of sampling / analysis of environmental compounds with the help of mobile environmental laboratories which allow in situ sampling and analysis of several air quality indicators and fast identification of polluted areas by simultaneous measurements of several samples and strategic and tactical decision making to confute pollution and prevent it. Having a mobile environmental laboratory is equivalent to using the latest concepts and methods of in-situ environmental parameter analysis technology to monitor environmental quality, securing the acquisition and processing of data but requiring specific knowledge in the field to transmit information as accurate and rapid as possible to the beneficiary or environmental authority.
Study of the possibility of implementation in Finland of the Passivhaus concept in order to reduce energy consumption
Authors: Tataru Andreea Cristina , Stanci Aurora
Published: January 2020

Passive building has been defined by Wolfgang Feist, Passivhaus Institut, as being the building that demand for heating must not be more than 15 kWh/m² year, and total consumption of primary energy should not be more than 120 kWh/m² year. In this paper we strive to study at the concept of ’passive house’ in the Finland. Using the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) software 2007 calculate the heating requirements for such a House, depending on the latitude and climate conditions in the locality. For the study were selected 6 cities from Finland placed to different latitudes and climatic areas. To determine the possibility of implementing the concept ”passive House” must be determined: required heating, cooling demand and primary energy demand. In order to implement this concept should not exceed maximum limits.
Technological and organizational operationalization of the program testing the operation of pyrotechnic entertainment articles of category 4, such as: aerial bombs and roman candles
Authors: Cioara Cristian Raul , Morar Marius Simion , Băbuţ Andrada Denisa , Miclea Olga
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this paper is to describe how fireworks and their components are organized or built. Constructive details will facilitate the implicit or explicit descriptions of the operation and interconnection of several pyrotechnic objects for the purpose of organizing and conducting a firework show. The authors’ approach to describing the organization and functioning of the fireworks runs into a difficulty: the large number and variety of pyrotechnic articles, making it difficult to deal with each product in detail, especially when new products may appear, with different physicochemical and effect characteristics. However, based on our own experience, we have applied a system to generalize certain explanations by category of pyrotechnic objects and by type of effects.
The comparative analysis of the use of wood waste and natural gas in hot biogenerators from an energetic, economic and ecologic point of view
Authors: Racz Mihaela Dana , Darsy Anton , Petrilean Dan Codruţ , Irimie Sabin Ioan , Cucaila Simona
Published: January 2020

The paper deals with an energetic, economic and ecologic comparative analysis regarding the installations for the incineration of wood waste in order to ensure the heat for a centralised system used for the supply of thermal energy. The results obtained have highlighted the advantages and disadvantages for each type of fuel used. An aggregate indicator regarding the energetic, economic and environmental effects was conceived in order to obtain a synthetic image concerning the performances of natural gas / wood waste.
The generalized risk scale – a scalar integrated tool for developing risk criteria by consensus, in the field of explosives for civil uses
Authors: Unguras Camelia Lavinia , Anghelache Doru , Vasilescu Victor Gabriel , Stoian Florian , Ilcea Gabriel Ioan
Published: January 2020

The paper highlights the result of the critical analysis upon criteria regarding the safety of explosives based on the quantification of risks specific for handling explosive materials, for the proper criteria selection and for defining the integrated concept “how safe is safe enough?”, applicable to complex work systems whose activity object involves the use of hazardous substances such as explosives for civil use. In this regard are conceptual and applicative presented judicial precedents and standards which are used for establishing risk acceptance criteria. These data and information are represented graphically along a series of logarithmic scales which ensure an objective manner for risk quantification based on scientific reasoning, real information derived from a data base which is specific for a deep knowledge of morbidity indicators recorded over an a statistically acceptable.
The test method used to determine surface temperature for Ex equipment certification
Authors: Grecea Danut , Darie Marius , Csaszar Tiberiu
Published: January 2020

The explosion risk is one of the major industrial risks, being present in all units which produce, use, handle, store or transport hazardous substances, products with flammable and explosive properties. Equipment designed for use in potentially explosive atmospheres must be manufactured so that the ignition of the surrounding explosive atmosphere is avoided. One of the ignition sources of an explosive atmosphere is represented by surface temperature. The paper presents the influence of surface temperature in the process of selection of electrical equipment from technological installations operating in explosive atmospheres, as well the test method used to determine it.
Visible Light Communication and Augmented Reality for Underground Positioning System
Authors: Riurean Simona , Olar Marius , Ionică Andreea , Pellegrini Lilla
Published: January 2020

Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology allows wireless data transmission piggybacked by illumination. Highly accurate and reliable systems based on VLC, as Indoor Positioning System (IPS) have been already developed by academics and specialized companies. Underground Positioning System (UPS) addressed here is embedded into the protection equipment, compulsory to be used underground, being therefore important to workers in potential dangerous spaces since fast data communication and real-time data interpretation is therefore possible. This paper presents the VLC technology implemented in mining underground specific environment for an accurate positioning and fast data communication for underground navigation with the main aim of developing a real time warning and alarming system based on Augmented Reality (AR) and Neural Networks (NNs) principles.
Pflege hebt ab
Authors: Schieler Monique , Dobbermann Andrej
Published: January 2020

Für die spezielle Behandlung von ARDS-Patienten müssen diese schon mal in entsprechend ausgestattete Kliniken überführt werden. Weitere Wege legen sie dabei am besten per Hubschrauber zurück. Dieser muss auf seinem Flug für alle Eventualitäten ausgerüstet sein, um die Sicherheit des Patienten jederzeit zu gewährleisten. Mit an Bord: eine voll ausgestattete ECMO-Trage und ein ARDS-Team, zu dem auch eine Intensivpflegekraft gehört.
Transkulturelle Pflege und deren Auswirkungen auf das Pflegeteam und Patienten
Authors: Kluger Daniel
Published: January 2020

Die steigende Anzahl von ausländischen Pflegekräften führt unbestritten zu einer Entlastung der Kliniken. Auf der anderen Seite bringen viele dieser Pflegekräfte eine andere Auffassung des Pflegeverständnisses mit, je nachdem, woher sie stammen. Ob und wenn ja welche Auswirkungen das auf das Pflegeteam und die zu versorgenden Patienten haben kann, hat Daniel Kluger näher betrachtet.
PNP-Vertrag – Facharztvertrag Psychotherapie, Neurologie, Psychiatrie in Baden-Württemberg: Evaluation aus der Sicht der teilnehmenden Behandlerinnen und Behandler
Authors: Magaard Julia Luise , Seeralan Tharanya , Meister Ramona , Liebherz Sarah , Engels Alexander , König Hans-Helmut , Chaudhuri Ariane , Härter Martin
Published: January 2020

Ziel Evaluation der Akzeptanz sowie der Struktur- und Prozessqualität des PNP-Vertrags aus Sicht der teilnehmenden Behandelnden.

Methodik Auf Basis qualitativer Interviews (n = 9) wurde ein Fragebogen entwickelt. Alle teilnehmenden Behandelnden (n = 720) wurden zur Befragung eingeladen.

Ergebnisse N = 430 Behandelnde (81 % Psychotherapeuten, 2 % Psychiater, 2 % Neurologen, 15 % mit mehreren Fachgebieten) nahmen an der Befragung teil (60 %). Mit dem PNP-Vertrag waren 94 % zufrieden.

Schlussfolgerung Die überwiegende Akzeptanz stellt eine gute Basis dar, um die Umsetzung der vereinbarten Versorgungsinhalte nachhaltig zu fördern. Die Ergebnisse können der Weiterentwicklung der Prozess- und Strukturqualität dienen (z. B. zur Einschreibung und Abrechnung).
Depression und Männlichkeit: Krankheitstheorien und Bewältigung – Eine biografisch-narrative Studie
Authors: Staiger Tobias , Stiawa Maja , Mueller-Stierlin Annabel Sandra , Kilian Reinhold , Beschoner Petra , Gündel Harald , Becker Thomas , Frasch Karel , Panzirsch Maria , Schmauß Max , Krumm Silvia
Published: January 2020

Ziel der Studie Analyse der Bedeutung von männlichkeits- und berufsrollenbezogenen Orientierungsmustern für Krankheitstheorien und Bewältigung bei depressiv erkrankten Männern.

Methodik Rekonstruktive Auswertung biografisch-narrativer Interviews von 12 Männern mit depressiver Erkrankung.

Ergebnisse Die berufsrollenbezogene Orientierung wird generell als Ursache der depressiven Erkrankung genannt. Gleichzeitig zeigen sich Unterschiede im Verständnis sowie in der Bewältigung der depressiven Erkrankung. Während ein Teil der Befragten trotz der berufsbedingten Krisenerfahrung an der beruflichen Orientierung festhält, nutzen andere die Depression als Chance zur Veränderung gesundheitsschädlicher Lebens- und Arbeitsentwürfe.

Schlussfolgerung Prioritäten in Bezug auf Arbeits- und Lebensentwürfe und deren Bedeutung für die Krankheitsbewältigung sollten in der Behandlung thematisiert werden.
Retrospective Study of Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Injuries in HIFT
Authors: Teixeira Rômulo Vasconcelos , Dantas Matheus , Motas Dihogo Gama de , Gantois Petrus , Aidar Felipe José , Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva , Queiros Victor Sabino de , Cesário Tatianny de Macêdo , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors and the incidence
of injuries in high-intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners. A
survey was administered to 213 HIFT practitioners. Participants reported the
number of injuries, the location of the injuries, and training exposure
during the preceding six months and answered questions regarding potential
risk factors for injury. We found there were 7.1 injuries for every 1000
hours of training. In addition, we found that individuals with experience in
the modality (>2 years) were 3.77 times more likely to be affected
by injury when compared with beginner individuals (<6 months)
(CI95%=1.59–8.92; p=0.003). When the
analysis was performed only for the competitive level, we found that
practitioners competing at the national level were 5.69 times more likely to
experience an injury than competitors who do not compete
(CI95%=1.10–29.54; p=0.038). We also found
that the injuries mainly affect the shoulder and lumbar regions. It was
possible to conclude that subjects with a higher level of experience in the
modality are more likely to be affected by injuries and that the shoulder
and lumbar areas are most likely to be injured during HIFT.
Konstruktion und vorläufige Validierung eines gendersensitiven Depressionsscreenings (GSDS)
Authors: Möller-Leimkühler Anne Maria , Mühleck Johanna
Published: January 2020

Ziel der Studie Entwicklung eines gendersensitiven Depressionsscreenings (GSDS), mit dem depressionsgefährdete Männer besser identifiziert werden können.

Methodik Das GSDS wurde an einer Stichprobe von Studierenden (n = 1020) evaluiert. Als Außenkriterien dienten die Kurzform der Allgemeinen Depressionsskala (ADS-K) sowie die deutsche Version der Male Role Norms Scale (MRNS) zur Erfassung normativer Maskulinität.

Ergebnisse Explorative Faktorenanalysen ergaben eine 6-Faktoren-Struktur. Die Faktoren Stresswahrnehmung, depressive Symptome, Aggressivität und emotionale Kontrolle erwiesen sich als relativ gleichwertig. Sensitivität (86 %) und Spezifität (78 %) sprechen für eine gute diskriminatorische Validität. Im Vergleich zum ADS-K konnten mit dem GSDS-26 mehr Risikofälle bei den Männern identifiziert werden.

Schlussfolgerung Mit dem GSDS-26 liegt ein multidimensionales gendersensitives Depressionsscreening vor, das nach weiterer Validierung für den routinemäßigen Einsatz geeignet sein könnte.