bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF AN ADAPTIVE-FEEDBACK ACTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION HEADSET ON WIDEBAND NOISE AND SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY IN MANDARIN
Authors: Lin Jiun-Hung , Tang Shih-Tsang , Han Wei-Ru , Chuang Chih-Yuan , Liu Ping-Ting , Young Shuenn-Tsong
Published: September 2009

Many industrial workers must wear hearing protectors in order to avoid hearing loss. Conventional passive methods, such as earmuffs, are ineffective against low-frequency noise, and so the present study developed a headset equipped with a digital signal processing system that implements adaptive-feedback active noise cancellation (FbAANC) to reduce the low-frequency noise. The proposed FbAANC headset system reduced the noise level by 40–60 dB at frequencies down to 63 Hz. We also evaluated the effects of the FbAANC headset on speech intelligibility on a disyllabic Mandarin word discrimination test (WDT) platform. For an SNR below–10 dB, the mean WDT score was 13%–32% higher with the FbAANC headset than without the headset in 30 subjects with normal hearing thresholds. These results suggest that the FbAANC headset would be useful for hearing protection in workplaces with high levels of wideband industrial noise.
F-VEPs IN ZEN MEDITATION
Authors: Liu Chuan-Yi , Lo Pei-Chen
Published: September 2009

The observation of the inner-light perception in deep Zen meditation14 has aroused our attention. Based on the recording of F-VEPs (flash visual evoked potentials), this study was thus designed to investigate the characteristics of visual nervous pathway for the Zen-meditation practitioners (experimental group), in comparison with that for the normal, healthy subjects (control group). Flash stimuli were applied before, during and after meditation/relaxation in experimental/control subjects. We focused on the F-VEPs at the occipital site Oz, central site Cz and frontal site Fz. Our results show that amplitudes of late latency components N3-P3 and P3-N4 at Oz decrease for the experimental subjects during meditation, whereas they increase in the control group. Both Cz and Fz amplitudes increase during meditation, yet decrease during relaxation for the control group. The latencies of some components were increased under relaxation in control group, yet little variation (except P2) is observed in the meditators. We also applied discrete wavelet transform to F-VEPs to analyze the frequency components. Our results showed that delta, theta and alpha components increased during meditation at some specific time periods. According to our findings, Zen meditation induces particular effects on the visual nervous system and cortex that are distinct from the normal relaxation.
Generation of Gene Knockout Mice by ES Cell Microinjection
Authors: Longenecker Glenn , Kulkarni Ashok B.
Published: September 2009

This unit describes protocols used in the production of chimeric mice that are then used for the generation of gene knockout mice. These protocols include the collection of blastocyst embryos, ES cell injection, and uterine transfer of injected blastocysts. Support protocols for the superovulation of blastocyst donor mice, generation of pseudopregnant recipients, fabrication of glass pipets for embryo and cell manipulations, and generation of germline mice are also included. Practical tips and solutions are mentioned to help troubleshoot problems that may occur. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 44:19.14.1.‐19.14.36. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cultured neural networks
Authors: Warwick Kevin
Published: September 2009

This special section contains papers addressing various aspects associated with the issue of cultured neural networks. These are networks, that are formed through the monitored growth of biological neural tissue. In keeping with the aims of the International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, the key focus of these papers is to look at particular aspects of signal processing in terms of both stimulating such a network and in assigning intent to signals collected as network outputs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fontaine–Farriaux syndrome: A recognizable craniosynostosis syndrome with nail, skeletal, abdominal, and central nervous system anomalies
Authors: Castori Marco , Silvestri Evelina , Pedace Lucia , Marseglia Giuseppina , Tempera Alessia , Antigoni Ivana , Torricelli Francesca , Majore Silvia , Grammatico Paola
Published: September 2009

Craniosynostosis is an etiologically heterogeneous malformation, which may present as an isolated finding or in association with other anomalies. The concurrence of craniosynostosis together with specific central nervous system, abdominal, genital, and limb malformations defines the Fontaine–Farriaux syndrome, described so far in only two patients. We report on a stillborn who mainly presented severe intrauterine growth retardation, bilateral coronal synostosis, generalized nail hypo/aplasia more evident on the posterior side, tapered digits, mild cutaneous syndactyly, abdominal muscle hypoplasia, micropenis and bilateral cryptorchidism. Skeletal radiographs revealed universal platyspondyly and necropsy findings comprised intestinal malrotation, abnormal cortical gyral formation, periventricular heterotopia, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Comparison between the present and the two previously described patients demonstrates that our case shows a combination of features strikingly resembling the original description. Conversely, the second reported patient shows a very atypical phenotype and is, most probably, affected by a distinct clinical entity. The triad of craniosynostosis, anonychia, and abdominal muscle hypo/aplasia emerges as the most consistent core phenotype, although skeletal and brain anomalies are relevant ancillary findings. An in‐depth differential diagnosis with other partially overlapping conditions is carried out. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
To end and prevent wars between states: Negotiate, don't litigate
Authors: Stamato Linda , Jaffe Sanford M.
Published: September 2009

Linda Stamato and Sanford M. Jaffe, of New Brunswick, N.J., discuss recent U.S. Supreme Court original jurisdiction cases that have ended poorly after voluminous litigation. They urge the National Governors Association to step in to help resolve the modern day wars between the states.
Heat-shock protein 70 gene polymorphism is associated with the severity of diabetic foot ulcer and the outcome of surgical treatment
Authors: Mir K A , Pugazhendhi S , Paul M J , Nair A , Ramakrishna B S
Published: September 2009

Background

Foot ulcer is a significant cause of morbidity in diabetics. Genetic make-up can determine inflammatory and healing responses. This study examined the hypothesis that specific polymorphisms of the heat-shock protein 70 gene could predispose to the severity of diabetic foot ulceration.

Methods

Some 106 consecutive diabetic patients (101 evaluable) with foot ulceration admitted to a tertiary care hospital were managed according to a standard protocol. DNA was extracted from venous blood and examined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length analysis for two specific polymorphisms: G1538A in the HSPA1B and C2437T in the HSPA1L gene.

Results

HSPA1B genotyping showed that 70 patients were AG and 30 GG (one not amplified). The AG genotype was significantly associated with the severity of foot ulceration (Wagner grade) (P = 0·008, χ2 test), need for amputation (relative risk 2·02, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·02 to 4·01; P = 0·025) and median length of hospital stay (8 versus 5 days for GG; P = 0·043). HSPA1L genotypes (78 TT, 22 CT, one CC) did not show any significant association with these parameters.

Conclusion

The HSPA1B genotype, was associated with the severity of diabetic foot ulceration, need for amputation and duration of hospitalization in these patients.
Randomized clinical trial comparing venous cutdown with the Seldinger technique for placement of implantable venous access ports
Authors: Nocito A , Wildi S , Rufibach K , Clavien P-A , Weber M
Published: September 2009

Background

The aim of this randomized controlled study was to compare the primary success rate between venous cutdown and the Seldinger technique for placement of the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP).

Methods

A total of 152 patients were randomized to receive TIVAP placement by either venous cutdown or the Seldinger technique. The main endpoint was the primary success rate. Secondary endpoints included overall success rate, procedure time and perioperative complication rates. Multiple logistic regression analysis was undertaken to assess the influence of different variables on primary success.

Results

The primary success rate was 71 per cent for venous cutdown and 90 per cent for the Seldinger technique (P = 0·007). The mean procedure time was significantly shorter for the Seldinger technique (48·9 versus 64·8 min; P < 0·001). The overall success rate was 97·4 per cent. The rate of perioperative complications was similar for the two approaches (5 per cent), but was higher when a procedure was converted. The variables sex, body mass index, implantation side and surgeon experience had no impact on the primary success rate.

Conclusion

The Seldinger technique was more effective and quicker than venous cutdown, and should be regarded as the method of choice for TIVAP placement. Registration number: NCT00272623 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
In vitro Characterization of Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Nonproteinogenic Residue (2S,3S)‐β‐Methylphenylalanine in Glycopeptide Antibiotic Mannopeptimycin
Authors: Huang Yu‐Ting , Lyu Syue‐Yi , Chuang Pei‐Hsuan , Hsu Ning‐Shian , Li Yi‐Shan , Chan Hsiu‐Chien , Huang Chuen‐Jiuan , Liu Yu‐Chen , Wu Chang‐Jer , Yang Wen‐Bin , Li Tsung‐Lin
Published: September 2009

Mannopeptimycin, a potent drug lead, has superior activity against difficult‐to‐treat multidrug‐resistant Gram‐positive pathogens such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). (2S,3S)‐β‐Methylphenylalanine is a residue in the cyclic hexapeptide core of mannopeptimycin, but the synthesis of this residue is far from clear. We report here on the reaction order and the stereochemical course of reaction in the formation of (2S,3S)‐β‐methylphenylalanine. The reaction is executed by the enzymes MppJ and TyrB, an S‐adenosyl methionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferase and an (S)‐aromatic‐amino‐acid aminotransferase, respectively. Phenylpyruvic acid is methylated by MppJ at its benzylic position at the expense of one equivalent of SAM. The resulting β‐methyl phenylpyruvic acid is then converted to (2S,3S)‐β‐methylphenylalanine by TyrB. MppJ was further determined to be regioselective and stereoselective in its catalysis of the formation of (3S)‐β‐methylphenylpyruvic acid. The binding constant (KD) of MppJ versus SAM is 26 μM. The kinetic constants with respect to kcat Ppy and KM Ppy, and kcat SAM and KM SAM are 0.8 s−1 and 2.5 mM, and 8.15 s−1 and 0.014 mM, respectively. These results suggest SAM has higher binding affinity for MppJ than Ppy, and the CC bond formation in βmPpy might be the rate‐limiting step, as opposed to the CS bond breakage in SAM.
Estimation of Kinetic Parameters for Hydrogenation Reactions Using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Kadiva A. , Taghi Sadeghi M. , Sotudeh‐Gharebagh R. , Mahmudi M.
Published: September 2009

The kinetics of acetylene hydrogenation in a fixed‐bed reactor of a commercial Pd/Al2O3 catalyst has been studied. The hydrogenation reactor considered in this work is an essential part of a vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) plant. Three well‐known kinetic models were used to simulate the hydrogenation reactor under industrial operating conditions. Since none of the models provide appropriate prediction, the industrial data and calculated values were compared and optimum kinetic parameters were evaluated utilizing a genetic algorithm (GA) technique. The best kinetic parameters for the three models were determined under specified industrial operating conditions. The hydrogenation reactor was simulated using the estimated optimum kinetic parameters of the three models. Simulation results from the three models were compared to industrial data and the best kinetic model was found. This kinetic model with the evaluated optimum kinetic parameters can well predict the behavior of the industrial hydrogenation reactor to improve the performance of the process.
Intramolecular Homolytic Substitution of Sulfinates and Sulfinamides
Authors: Coulomb Julien , Certal Victor , Larraufie Marie‐Hélène , Ollivier Cyril , Corbet Jean‐Pierre , Mignani Gérard , Fensterbank Louis , Lacôte Emmanuel , Malacria Max
Published: September 2009

A general and efficient method for the synthesis of cyclic sulfinates and sulfinamides based on intramolecular homolytic substitution (SHi) at the sulfur atom by aryl or alkyl radicals is described. Both alkyl and benzofused compounds can be accessed directly from easily prepared acyclic precursors. Enantiomerically enriched sulfur‐based heterocycles were formed through an SHi process with inversion of configuration at the sulfur atom. Cyclization of prochiral radicals proceeded with varying stereochemical outcomes, depending on the size of the incoming radical. 2‐Pyridyl and 2‐quinolyl radicals led to biaryl compounds, which result from attack onto the ortho position of the arylsulfinate rather than a thiophilic substitution.
A Configurational Switch Based on Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Cyclization: Application in Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Prosopis, Dendrobate, and Spruce Alkaloids
Authors: Gnamm Christian , Brödner Kerstin , Krauter Caroline M. , Helmchen Günter
Published: September 2009

A method for the stereoselective synthesis of 2,6‐disubstituted piperidines has been developed that is based on the use of an intramolecular iridium‐catalyzed allylic substitution as a configurational switch. The procedure allows the preparation of 2‐vinylpiperidines with enantiomeric excesses (ee) of greater than 99 %. As applications, total syntheses of piperidine alkaloids have been elaborated, most often by using Ru‐catalyzed cross‐metatheses as a key step for introduction of a side chain. Asymmetric total syntheses of the prosopis alkaloids (+)‐prosopinine, (+)‐prosophylline, (+)‐prosopine, and of the dendrobate alkaloid (+)‐241D and its C6 epimer are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Si‐Induced Superconductivity and Structural Transformations in DyRh4B4.
Authors: Koehler A. , Behr G. , Fuchs G. , Nenkov K. , Gupta L. C.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Antimony‐Based Type I Clathrate Compounds Cs8Cd18Sb28 and Cs8Zn18Sb28.
Authors: Liu Yi , Wu Li‐Ming , Li Long‐Hua , Du Shao‐Wu , Corbett John D. , Chen Ling
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Powdery Inorganic Electride [Ca24Al28O64] 4+(e‐)4 and Determination of Oxygen Stoichiometry.
Authors: Matsuishi Satoru , Nomura Takatoshi , Hirano Masahiro , Kodama Katsuaki , Shamoto Shin‐ichi , Hosono Hideo
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of SmBaCo2O6‐δ Powder by the Combustion Process Using Co3O4 as Precursor.
Authors: Sun Wenping , Bi Lei , Yan Litao , Peng Ranran , Liu Wei
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Catalyzed Conjugate Additions to 3‐Fluorobutenone.
Authors: Patrick Timothy B. , Dahal Upendra P.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclo[‐His‐His‐] Derived C2‐Symmetric Diketopiperazine as Chiral Ligand for Asymmetric Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Furutani Masahiro , Sakamoto Seiji , Kudo Kazuaki
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Palladium(II)/Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Olefins under Chloride‐Free Nonacidic Conditions.
Authors: Speziali Marcelo G. , Costa Vinicius V. , Robles‐Dutenhefner Patricia A. , Gusevskaya Elena V.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pentavalent Organoantimony Compounds as Mild N‐Arylating Agents for Amines: Cu‐Mediated Ullmann‐Type N‐Arylation with Tetraarylantimony(V) Acetates.
Authors: Qin Weiwei , Kakusawa Naoki , Wu Yichen , Yasuike Shuji , Kurita Jyoji
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous‐Flow Asymmetric Biomimetic Transamination.
Authors: Soloshonok Vadim A. , Catt Hector T. , Ono Taizo
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of Chiral Hydroxy Isocyanides.
Authors: Bauer Michael , Kazmaier Uli
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Functionalized 4‐Nitro‐ and 4‐Amino‐phenols Based on Formal [3 + 3] Cyclocondensations of 3‐Ethoxy‐2‐nitro‐2‐en‐1‐ones with 1,3‐Bis(silyloxy)‐1,3‐butadienes.
Authors: Riahi Abdolmajid , Shkoor Mohanad , Khera Rasheed Ahmad , Reinke Helmut , Langer Peter
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Prolinamide‐Based Organocatalysts for the Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction in Brine.
Authors: Jia Ya‐Ning , Wu Feng‐Chun , Ma Xiao , Zhu Gong‐Jian , Da Chao‐Shan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Oxime Ethers Based on Regio‐ and Enantioselective Allylic Substitution Catalyzed by Iridium—Pybox Complex.
Authors: Miyabe Hideto , Matsumura Akira , Yoshida Kazumasa , Takemoto Yoshiji
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorus Trichloride Mediated and Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of a Small Collection of Amides Bearing Strong Electron‐Withdrawing Group Substituted Anilines.
Authors: Colombo Matteo , Bossolo Stefano , Aramini Andrea
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Access to β‐Substituted Chiral Phenones.
Authors: Cao Xiu‐Fang , Hu Ming , Li Fei , Lu Wen‐Chang , Yu Guang‐Ao , Liu Sheng‐Hua
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aerobic Oxidation: Oxidative Coupling of 2‐Naphthols.
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Katsuki Tsutomu
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of o‐Substituted Aryl Alkynes Through sp3 C—H Activation.
Authors: Yang Shangdong , Li Zigang , Jian Xing , He Chuan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 9‐Anthryl Ethers from trans‐9,10‐Dihydro‐9,10‐dimethoxyanthracene by Acid‐Catalyzed Transetherification.
Authors: Jang Keun Sam , Shin Hee Young , Chi Dae Yoon
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies of KF‐Alumina‐Catalyzed Reaction of Substituted and Unsubstituted Aryl‐Oxoketene Dithioacetals and 1H‐Pyrazone‐5(4H)‐one: A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine and Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine
Authors: Mizar Pushpak , Myrboh Bekington
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(Azidomethyl)arylboronic Acids in the Synthesis of Coumarin‐Type Compounds
Authors: Naumov Mikael I. , Nuchev Alexander V. , Sitnikov Nikolay S. , Malysheva Yulia B. , Shavyrin Andrew S. , Beletskaya Irina P. , Gavryushin Andrei E. , Combes Sebastien , Fedorov Alexey Yu.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran Derivatives Catalyzed by Amines in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Yu Li‐Qin , Liu Fei , You Qi‐Dong
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Some Novel Isochroman Carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Potential anti‐Diabetic Agents.
Authors: Lakshminarayana N. , Prasad Y. Rajendra , Gharat Laxmikant , Thomas Ahraham , Ravikumar P. , Narayanan Shridhar , Srinivasan C. V. , Gopalan Balasubramanian
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Unusual Formation of 3‐(5‐Phenyl‐3H‐[1,2,4]dithiazol‐3‐yl)chromen‐4‐ones and 4‐Oxo‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbothioic Acid N‐Phenylamides and Their Antimicrobial Evaluation.
Authors: Raj Tilak , Bhatia Richa Kaur , Sharma Rakesh Kumar , Gupta Vivek , Sharma Deepak , Ishar Mohan Paul Singh
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bis‐enaminone Based Parallel Solution‐Phase Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Baskovc Jernej , Bevk David , Stanovnik Branko , Svete Jurij
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Convenient Synthesis of Triprolidine.
Authors: Rao G. Venkateswara , Swamy B. Narayana , Kumar P. Hareesh , Reddy G. Chandrasekara
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Trisubstituted Isoquinolines.
Authors: Yang Hanbiao
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Electrocyclization of 3‐Vinylindoles (VIII) to Pyrido[2,3‐a]‐ (IX), Pyrido[4,3‐a]‐ (X) and Thieno[2,3‐a]‐carbazoles (XIII): Design, Synthesis, DNA Binding and Antitumor Cell Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Lemster Thomas , Pindur Ulf , Lenglet Gaelle , Depauw Sabine , Dassi Christelle , David‐Cordonnier Marie‐Helene
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New One‐Pot Four‐Component Synthesis of Disubstituted Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐6‐carboxamide Derivatives.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Seyyedhamzeh Mozhdeh , Maleki Ali , Rezazadeh Fahimeh , Behnam Maryam
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Spiro[indoline‐pyrazolo[4′,3′:5,6]pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine]trione Library.
Authors: Ghahremanzadeh Ramin , Sayyafi Maryam , Ahadi Somayeh , Bazgir Ayoob
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: SiO2·12WO3·24H2O: A Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 5‐Arylidene Barbituric Acid in the Presence of Water.
Authors: Li Ji‐Tai , Sun Ming‐Xuan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bio‐active Compounds from Euphorbia cornigera Boiss.
Authors: Baloch Imam Bakhsh , Baloch Musa Kaleem , Baloch Ahmad Khan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Sesquiterpenes, JBIR‐27 and ‐28, Isolated from a Tunicate‐Derived Fungus, Penicillium sp. SS080624SCf1.
Authors: Motohashi Keiichiro , Hashimoto Junko , Inaba Shigeki , Khan Shams Tabrez , Komaki Hisayuki , Nagai Aya , Takagi Motoki , Shin‐ya Kazuo
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chemical Synthesis of 3‐Deoxy‐D‐manno‐2‐octulosonic Acid from D‐Mannose.
Authors: Ichiyanagi Tsuyoshi , Sakamoto Naoko , Ochi Kazutoshi , Yamasaki Ryohei
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Medicinal Flowers. Part 28. Structures of Five New Glycosides, Everlastosides A, B, C, D, and E, from the Flowers of Helichrysum arenarium.
Authors: Wang Li‐Bo , Morikawa Toshio , Nakamura Seikou , Ninomiya Kiyofumi , Matsuda Hisashi , Muraoka Osamu , Wu Li‐Jun , Yoshikawa Masayuki
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gelegamines A—E: Five New Oxindole Alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans.
Authors: Di Ying‐Tong , et al. et al.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Selenium‐ and Tellurium‐Containing Nucleosides Derived from Uridine.
Authors: Braga Antonio L. , Filho Wolmar A. Severo , Schwab Ricardo S. , Rodrigues Oscar E. D. , Dornelles Luciano , Braga Hugo C. , Luedtke Diogo S.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Lignans from Schisandra henryi
Authors: Liu Hai‐Tao , Xu Li‐Jia , Peng Yong , Yang Xiu‐Wei , Xiao Pei‐Gen
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents and Cytotoxicity from the Stem Bark of Citrus medica.
Authors: Chan Yu‐Yi , Wu Tian‐Shung , Kuo Yao‐Haur
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Flavonoids of the Flowers of Butea monosperma.
Authors: Chokchaisiri Ratchanaporn , Suaisom Channarong , Sriphota Siriluk , Chindaduang Anon , Chuprajob Thipphawan , Suksamrarn Apichart
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Polysubstituted Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Rostom Sherif A. F. , Ashour Hayam M. A. , Abd El Razik Heba A.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Trisdecacyclic Pyrazine Antineoplastics: The Cephalostatins and Ritterazines
Authors: Lee Seongmin , LaCour Thomas G. , Fuchs Philip L.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acid‐Protecting Groups
Authors: Isidro‐Llobet Albert , Alvarez Mercedes , Albericio Fernando
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of gem‐Difluorinated Heterocycles Using a Difluoropropargyl Molecular Scaffold
Authors: Arimitsu Satoru , Hammond Gerald B.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Product Class 4: Benzylic Alcohols
Authors: Porter M. J.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkanols by Substitution
Authors: Parsons A. F.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Membrane Treatment — State of the Art. Part 2. Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Guest R. , Pickle R. S. , Bitcon R. K. , Smith D. W.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inward rectifier channel, ROMK, is localized to the apical tips of glial‐like cells in mouse taste buds
Authors: Dvoryanchikov Gennady , Sinclair Michael S. , Perea‐Martinez Isabel , Wang Tong , Chaudhari Nirupa
Published: September 2009

Cells in taste buds are closely packed, with little extracellular space. Tight junctions and other barriers further limit permeability and may result in buildup of extracellular K+ following action potentials. In many tissues, inwardly rectifying K channels such as the renal outer medullary K (ROMK) channel (also called Kir1.1 and derived from the Kcnj1 gene) help to redistribute K+. Using reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), we defined ROMK splice variants in mouse kidney and report here the expression of a single one of these, ROMK2, in a subset of mouse taste cells. With quantitative (q)RT‐PCR, we show the abundance of ROMK mRNA in taste buds is vallate > foliate ≫ palate ≫ fungiform. ROMK protein follows the same pattern of prevalence as mRNA, and is essentially undetectable by immunohistochemistry in fungiform taste buds. ROMK protein is localized to the apical tips of a subset of taste cells. Using tissues from PLCβ2‐GFP and GAD‐GFP transgenic mice, we show that ROMK is not found in PLCβ2‐expressing type II/receptor cells or in GAD‐expressing type III/presynaptic cells. Instead, ROMK is found, by single‐cell RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence, in most cells that are positive for the taste glial cell marker, Ectonucleotidase2. ROMK is precisely localized to the apical tips of these cells, at and above apical tight junctions. We propose that in taste buds, ROMK in type I/glial‐like cells may serve a homeostatic function, excreting excess K+ through the apical pore, and allowing excitable taste cells to maintain a hyperpolarized resting membrane potential. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:1–14, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical–Chemical Properties and Transfection Activity of Cationic Lipid/DNA Complexes
Authors: Antipina Maria N. , Schulze Ingo , Heinze Martin , Dobner Bodo , Langner Andreas , Brezesinski Gerald
Published: September 2009

Investigation of DNA interactions with cationic lipids is of particular importance for the fabrication of biosensors and nanodevices. Furthermore, lipid/DNA complexes can be applied for direct delivery of DNA‐based biopharmaceuticals to damaged cells as non‐viral vectors. To obtain more effective and safer DNA vectors, the new cationic lipids 2‐tetradecylhexadecanoic acid‐{2‐[(2‐aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}amide (CI) and 2‐tetradecylhexadecanoic acid‐2‐[bis(2‐aminoethyl)amino]ethylamide (CII) were synthesized and characterized. The synthesis, physical–chemical properties and first transfection and toxicity experiments are reported. Special attention was focused on the capability of CIand CIIto complex DNA at low and high subphase pH values. Langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface represent a well‐defined model system to study the lipid/DNA complexes. Interactions and ordering of DNA under Langmuir monolayers of the new cationic lipids were studied using film balance measurements, grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXD) and X‐ray reflectivity (XR). The results obtained demonstrate the ability of these cationic lipids to couple with DNA at low as well as at high pH value. Moreover, the observed DNA structuring seems not to depend on subphase pH conditions. An influence of the chemical structure of the lipid head group on the DNA binding ability was clearly observed. Both compounds show good transfection efficacy and low toxicity in the in vitro experiments indicating that lipids with such structures are promising candidates for successful gene delivery systems.
Adsorbent Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture from Large Anthropogenic Point Sources
Authors: Choi Sunho , Drese Jeffrey H. , Jones Christopher W.
Published: September 2009

Since the time of the industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has risen by nearly 35 % to its current level of 383 ppm. The increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has been suggested to be a leading contributor to global climate change. To slow the increase, reductions in anthropogenic CO2 emissions are necessary. Large emission point sources, such as fossil‐fuel‐based power generation facilities, are the first targets for these reductions. A benchmark, mature technology for the separation of dilute CO2 from gas streams is via absorption with aqueous amines. However, the use of solid adsorbents is now being widely considered as an alternative, potentially less‐energy‐intensive separation technology. This Review describes the CO2 adsorption behavior of several different classes of solid carbon dioxide adsorbents, including zeolites, activated carbons, calcium oxides, hydrotalcites, organic–inorganic hybrids, and metal‐organic frameworks. These adsorbents are evaluated in terms of their equilibrium CO2 capacities as well as other important parameters such as adsorption–desorption kinetics, operating windows, stability, and regenerability. The scope of currently available CO2 adsorbents and their critical properties that will ultimately affect their incorporation into large‐scale separation processes is presented.
Detection of site‐specific glycosylation in proteins using flow cytometry
Authors: Jayakumar Deepak , Marathe Dhananjay D. , Neelamegham Sriram
Published: September 2009

We tested the possibility that we may express unique peptide probes on cell surfaces, and detect site‐specific glycosylation on these peptides using flow cytometry. Such development can enhance the application of flow cytometry to detect and quantify post‐translational modifications in proteins. To this end, the N‐terminal section of the human leukocyte glycoprotein PSGL‐1 (P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1) was modified to contain a poly‐histidine tag followed by a proteolytic cleavage site. Amino acids preceding the cleavage site have a single O‐linked glycosylation site. The recombinant protein called PSGL‐1 (HT) was expressed on the surface of two mammalian cell lines, CHO and HL‐60, using a lentiviral delivery approach. Results demonstrate that the N‐terminal portion of PSGL‐1 (HT) can be released from these cells by protease, and the resulting peptide can be readily captured and detected using cytometry‐bead assays. Using this strategy, the peptide was immunoprecipitated onto beads bearing mAbs against either the poly‐histidine sequence or the human PSGL‐1. The carbohydrate epitope associated with the released peptide was detected using HECA‐452 and CSLEX‐1, monoclonal antibodies that recognize the sialyl Lewis‐X epitope. Finally, the peptide released from cells could be separated and enriched using nickel chelate beads. Overall, such an approach that combines recombinant protein expression with flow cytometry may be useful to quantify changes in site‐specific glycosylation for basic science and clinical applications. © 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Prevention of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Authors: Floyd R. Louise , Weber Mary Kate , Denny Clark , O'Connor Mary J.
Published: September 2009

Alcohol use among women of childbearing age is a leading, preventable cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities in the United States. Although most women reduce their alcohol use upon pregnancy recognition, some women report drinking during pregnancy and others may continue to drink prior to realizing they are pregnant. These findings emphasize the need for effective prevention strategies for both pregnant and nonpregnant women who might be at risk for an alcohol‐exposed pregnancy (AEP). This report reviews evidence supporting alcohol screening and brief intervention as an effective approach to reducing problem drinking and AEPs that can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. In addition, this article highlights a recent report of the National Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effect that describes effective interventions to reduce alcohol use and AEPs, and outlines recommendations on promoting and improving these strategies. Utilizing evidence‐based alcohol screening tools and brief counseling for women at risk for an AEP and other effective population‐based strategies can help achieve future alcohol‐free pregnancies. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2009;15:193–199.
Accelerated thymic atrophy as a result of elevated homeostatic expression of the genes encoded by the TNF/lymphotoxin cytokine locus
Authors: Liepinsh Dmitry J. , Kruglov Andrei A. , Galimov Arthur R. , Shakhov Alexander N. , Shebzukhov Yuriy V. , Kuchmiy Anna A. , Grivennikov Sergei I. , Tumanov Alexei V. , Drutskaya Marina S. , Feigenbaum Lionel , Kuprash Dmitry V. , Nedospasov Sergei A.
Published: September 2009

TNF, lymphotoxin (LT)‐α, LT‐β and LIGHT are members of a larger superfamily of TNF‐related cytokines that can cross‐utilize several receptors. Although LIGHT has been implicated in thymic development and function, the role of TNF and LT remains incompletely defined. To address this, we created a model of modest homeostatic overexpression of TNF/LT cytokines using the genomic human TNF/LT locus as a low copy number Tg. Strikingly, expression of Tg TNF/LT gene products led to profound early thymic atrophy characterized by decreased numbers of thymocytes and cortical thymic epithelial cells, partial block of thymocyte proliferation at double negative (DN) 1 stage, increased apoptosis of DN2 thymocytes and severe decline of T‐cell numbers in the periphery. Results of backcrossing to TNFR1‐, LTβR‐ or TNF/LT‐deficient backgrounds and of reciprocal bone marrow transfers implicated both LT‐α/LT‐β to LTβR and TNF/LT‐α to TNFR1 signaling in accelerated thymus degeneration. We hypothesize that chronic infections can promote thymic atrophy by upregulating LT and TNF production.