bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using inverse Mie calculations to extract size and refractive index of the non-absorbing particles from their polarized light back-scattering intensity measurements
Authors: kerma El-yazid , Ayadi Khaled , Ferria Kouider
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we presented the optical technical to extract size and refractive index of the non-absorbing particles. It is based on the inverse Mie for calculating the Mie scattering amplitudes S1 (θ) and S2 (θ) from their measurement of the electromagnetic backscattering linear polarized plane. In this case, we realized a simple experimental setup placed in our laboratory and it focused on three parameters: the incident angle (α), the polarizer (P) and the sample of sands. This optical technical showed the incident light interact with the irregular surface of sample, the polarized light is scattered in the serval backward directions in the space and the backward received signal is measured by a focusing onto a CCD capture in the two backward directions scanning with a 5° scattering setup angle. The experimental data of the polarized scattering intensities i1 (θ) and i2 (θ) was measured by our experimental setup, and they converted to the Mie scattering amplitudes S1 (θ) and S2 (θ). Hence, when those amplitudes are known the Mie coefficients an and bn can be obtained. Then we can extract the refractive index and the radius of the non-absorbing particles at the same time from the Mie coefficients. Then, the physico-chemical properties of the non-absorbing particles calculated and shown to be nearly identical to that of original particles compared with the old instruments. The presented technique is suggested for employing in optical instruments to characterize the nature of surfaces.
A 0.7-2.7 GHz Low Power LNA with Noise Cancellation and Current-Reused Technique
Authors: Baghini Sajjad Shojaei , TaheriNasab SeyedAli Samareh , Sheikhaei Samad
Published: December 2022

In this work, a low-power wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) is presented. The proposed LNA is designed based on CG-CS topology which is used for broadband applications. In addition, by adjusting the gm values of the CS stage transistors properly, an attempt has been made to cancel the noise of the CG stage. Moreover, by using the current-reused technique and placing an inductor in the middle node of cascode transistors in the CS stage, it is possible to reduce the impedance caused by the parasitic capacitors of the transistors, which enhance the power gain (S21). In addition, a gm-boosting technique is adopted to achieve better input impedance matching and reducing the current which pass through the CG stage. And finally, for better linearity results, sweet spot technique has been used to determine the bias voltage of transistors. The LNA has the maximum power gain (S21) of 18.6dB with a bandwidth of 0.7-2.7GHz, and noise figure of 2.95-3.4dB. It consumes 3.97mW of power from a 1.8V supply excluding testing buffer.
Sub-cell scale features govern the placement of new cells by honeybees during comb construction
Authors: Gallo Vincent , Bridges Alice D. , Woodgate Joseph L. , Chittka Lars
Published: December 2022

Honeybee comb architecture and the manner of its construction has long been the subject of scientific curiosity. Comb is characterised by an even hexagonal layout and the sharing of cell bases and side walls, which provides maximised storage volume while requiring minimal wax. The efficiency of this structure relies on a regular layout and the correct positioning of cells relative to each other, with each new cell placed at the junction of two previously constructed cells. This task is complicated by the incomplete nature of cells at the edge of comb, where new cells are to be built. We presented bees with wax stimuli comprising shallow depressions and protuberances in simulation of features found within partially formed comb, and demonstrated that construction work by honeybee builders was directed by these stimuli. The building of new cells was aligned to concave stimuli that simulated the clefts that naturally appear between two partially formed cells, revealing how new cells may be aligned to ensure proper tessellation within comb. We also found that bees built cell walls in response to edges formed by our stimuli, suggesting that cell and wall construction was specifically directed towards the locations necessary for continuation of hexagonal comb.
Soil moisture affects soil microbial community diversity, structure and phenotypic characteristics on the south shore of Hulun Lake in Inner Mongolia of China
Authors: Chen Xin , Wang Yujue , Shen Yuting , Sang Weiguo , Xiao Chunwang
Published: December 2022

Soil moisture is one important factor affecting ecosystem function, controlling the diffusion and transport of soil nutrients, maintaining soil microbial activities, and altering soil microbial diversity. To explore the response of soil microbial to soil moisture in the grassland ecosystem along the south shore of Hulun Lake in Inner Mongolia, China, we established a study area covering a natural soil moisture gradient which was subdivided into high (HW), medium (MW) and low water content (LW). Aboveground and belowground properties were measured by field investigation and laboratory analyses, respectively. Soil prokaryotic community composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing techniques. Soil moisture content as a dominant controlling factor, and soil organic nutrients as a secondary controlling factor, significantly affected the diversity of prokaryotic communities. The relative abundance and diversity of prokaryotic microbial were highest under MW, indicating a high heterogeneity of prokaryotes. However, the number of differential ASVs decreased, indicating that the structure and composition of the community stabilized under MW. Therefore, the prokaryotic community was more suitable to survive under MW. Although the relative abundance and diversity of microorganisms were lower under HW and LW than MW, phenotypic predictions showed that the prokaryotic community was more tolerant. We believe that either too high or too low soil water content will reduce the relative abundance and diversity of prokaryotic communities, and the communities will gradually become resistant to stress. Soil microbial community characteristics of the south shore of Hulun Lake in Inner Mongolia, China, respond significantly to soil moisture.
Genetic composition of high-quality strong gluten wheat varieties ‘Xinmai 26’ and ‘Xinmai 45’
Authors: Yang Li-Juan , Ma Jian , Zhang Da-Le , Yang Hai-Feng , Dong Yan-Qi , Qi Zeng-Jun , Wang Ze , Jiang Zhi-Kai , Ma Hua-Ping
Published: December 2022

The high quility has become an important goal of wheat breeding. Several super-strong gluten wheat varieties, e.g. ‘Xinmai 26’ and ‘Xinmai 45’, have been bred to meet consumer market. However, the genetic composition, transmission frequency and genetic contribution of them and their progeny are not clear. To analyze the genetic composition of the high-quality strong gluten wheat varieties ‘Xinmai 26’ and ‘Xinmai 45’, the genetic contribution rates of male and female parents to the varieties were analyzed using 6056 SNP markers detected by a widely used high-throughput wheat array (15K chip). Additionally, the chromosome polymorphisms of five related wheat varieties were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using four oligonucleotide probe sets. The results showed that the genetic contribution rate of ‘Jinan 17’ against ‘Xinmai 26’ was 55.97%, much higher than the 15.81% of ‘Xinmai 18’. ‘Jimai 20’ showed a genetic contribution rate of 57.53% against ‘Xinmai 45’, which was slightly higher than that of ‘Xinmai 26’ at 40.21%. The specific fragment differences from male and female parents were identified in both breeding varieties, and ‘Xinmai 26’ had more specific fragments that differed from male and female parents than ‘Xinmai 45’. The chromosomes of group A and group B of the five varieties were significantly polymorphic, but no chromosomes translocations or inversions were found. The promising results would be helpful to explore the genetic pattern of high-quality varieties, promote breeding efficiency, and utilize the superior traits of backbone parents for wheat quality improvement.
Behavioral and electrophysiological study on eight Japanese Papilio species with five hostplant volatiles and Linalool
Authors: INOUE Takashi , Fukuda Tatsuya , Yokohari Fumio , Suetake Mami , Nishidzu Narumi
Published: December 2022

An electroantennogram (EAG) technique compared the antennal olfactory responses by both sexes of eight Japanese Papilio species with known host plants in laboratory experiments. Papilio species were collected from Honshû and Kyûshû (Japanese islands). The behavioral responses to volatile leaf substances from Citrus deliciosa, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Phellodendron amurense, Orixa japonica, and Foeniculum vulgare were examined in laboratory experiments. Individual EAG reactions were recorded. The results were very similar to the empirical field observations. The electrophysiological results of both sexes showed the volatile substances released from non-preferred plants mainly elicited greater EAG responses than the volatile substances from preferred host plants. We also performed behavioral experiments using eight female butterflies and their responses to five host plant species. An association between host plant selection behavior and taxonomical classification exists within the Papilio genus. The EAG responses were small when exposed to the plants with the high scores in the behavioral experiments. Host plant preference patterns seem to be related to the volatile substances within the host plants. The butterflies responded to Linalool in both the behavioral and electrophysiological experiments.
Exact solution to the geodesic equations in spherically symmetric space-time
Authors: Dhara Haru Chand , Ghosh K.K. , Ray Saibal , Indra Moumia , Ranjit Chayan
Published: December 2022

The strength of a singularity in spherical symmetry can be described by covariant equations. This was generated by Nolan [Phys. Rev. 60, 024014 (1999)] and some models have been examined him also. It draws a distinction between singularities, i.e. which are central and which are not. Nolan derived the necessary conditions [Phys. Rev. D 62, 044015 (2000)] for the singularity to be gravitationally weak. From these conditions certain conclusions may be drawn about the nature of the singularity without having to integrate the geodesic equations. In the present letter, the equations for the geodesic in spherically symmetric space-time obtained by Nolan are completely solved. This will lead to a better understanding of the physical situation regarding singularity.
Fractional Measurements and Calculations on Conformable Surfaces
Authors: Has Aykut , Yılmaz Beyhan
Published: December 2022

In this study, some basic concepts related to the surface are examined with the help of conformable fractional analysis. As known, the best thing that makes fractional analysis popular is that it gives numerically more approximate results compared to classical analysis. For this reason, the concepts that enable us to make calculations based on measurement on the surface have been redefined to give more numerical results with conformable fractional analysis. In addition, with the help of fractional analysis, it is explained which concepts is changed or not. Finally, an example is given to better understand the obtained results and its graph is drawn with the help of Mathematica. The reason for using conformable fractional analysis in this study is that it is more suitable for the algebraic structure of differential geometry.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 53A05; 26A33
Graph theoretical description of phase transitions in nanoscale assemblies of surfactants
Authors: Yang Ruochen , Bernardino Kalil , Xiao Xiongye , Gomes Weverson R. , Mattoso Davi A. , Kotov Nicholas A. , Bogdan Paul , de Moura André F.
Published: December 2022

Phase transitions are typically quantified using order parameters, such as crystal lattice distances, Legendre polynomials, and radial distribution functions (RDF). These parameters can identify even subtle changes in packing distances and symmetries being ideally suited for crystalline materials or high-contrast phases with large structural differences. However, the structural changes are more difficult to quantify when the organizational pattern of constituent molecules becomes less ordered and more complex. This is the case for phases with high asymmetry and multiscale organization as well as for the structural fluctuations preceding phase transitions, which are essential for understanding the system pathways between phases. Here, we show that graph theoretical (GT) descriptors can successfully characterize different phases and pathway between them for hierarchically organized nanoscale systems exemplified by binary surfactant/water systems. We found that the GT centrality parameters and node-based fractal dimension can identify complex phases more accurately than traditional analyses and quantify the system behavior preceding the transitions. The trajectories for GT parameter of closeness centrality reflect (1) fluctuation-induced breakup of micelles and (2) long-range cooperative interactions in the network of surfactant molecules. GT parametrization can be generalized for a wide range of nanoscale colloidal systems, which can facilitate identification of complex phases.
The risk of Sjogren’s syndrome on immune checkpoint inhibitors：a retrospective pharmacovigilance study in FAERS database
Authors: Gao Siyuan , Ren Huaying , He Zhichao , Wu Jie , Chen Mengting , Zhu Jianhong , Liang Dan , Jiang Wei , Yang Shan , Yu Xiaoxia , Huang Min , Wu Junyan
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have favorable anti-tumor effects but can cause severe autoimmune toxicities. The number of cases of previous studies about the risk of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) induced by ICIs is low. This pharmacovigilance study is to reassess the relationship between SS and ICIs in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods
Case reports of SS after ICIs were extracted from 2013 Q1 to 2020 Q4 in FAERS. the clinical features of the cases were described. The disproportionality analysis, reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC), was used to estimate the correlation between SS and ICIs. The clinical features of ICI-SS were described.
Results
In total, 160 cases of ICI-related SS were screened out. The median age was 63.5 years, more than half of were men (59%). The median latency of SS was 45 days. 13% of SS resolved after ICIs discontinuation or dose reduction. SS was significantly associated with ICIs (ROR = 11.19, 95%CI: 9.53–13.14; IC = 3.34, 95%CI: 2.85–3.93). The signal was also observed in anti-PD-1 (ROR025 = 9.20, IC025 = 2.75), anti-PD-L1 (ROR025 = 3.34, IC025 = 1.33), and combination therapy (ROR025 = 14.49, IC025 = 2.89).
Conclusions
This study suggested that ICIs significantly increased the risk of SS. This association was stronger in combination therapy.
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in biliary tract cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy
Authors: Li Min , Yang Liyao , Wang Juan , Zhang Yao , Peng Meiling , Wang Jingjing , Fan Shasha
Published: December 2022

Backgrounds:
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has been confirmed as a rare and highly heterogeneous malignant tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Existing research has found that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are the predictors of immunotherapy response in various cancers. However, the role played by these predictors in BTC has been rarely studied.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted to study the usefulness of NLR, PLR, and SII at baseline and at 6 weeks post-treatment as the predictors of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment for BTC patients. The optimal cut-offs of NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII were set by calculating the optimal Youden index. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted based on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) to determine the independent risk factors.
Results
Data on 72 BTC patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy was analyzed. At baseline, except for LMR, NLR, PLR, and SII had significant negative correlations with the OS and PFS. After the patients received 6-week immunotherapy, only NLR remained a significant correlation between OS (P = 0.037) and PFS (P = 0.040), and the higher the NLR, the worse the prognosis will be. Further univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that high NLR was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio: 3.979; 95% confidence interval: 1.221–12.966) and PFS (hazard ratio: 1.977; 95% confidence interval: 1.055–3.703).
Conclusion
NLR is a potential prognostic indicator for BTC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 antibody as first-line or later-line therapy.
Crosstalk between human immunodeficiency virus infection and salivary bacterial function in men who have sex with men
Authors: Guo Ying , Yu Yixi , Sun Xintong , Zhang Baojin , Wang Yan , Cao Jie , Wen Shuo , Wang Xin , Li Yuchen , Cai Siyu , Wu Ruojun , Xia Wei , Wei Feili , Duan Junyi , Dong Haozhi , Guo Shan , Zhang Fengqiu , Sun Zheng , Huang Xiaojie
Published: December 2022

Background
Engaging in anal sexual intercourse markedly increases the risk of developing HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM); oral sexual activities tend to uniquely introduce gut-derived microbes to salivary microbiota, which, combined with an individual’s positive HIV status, may greatly perturb oral microecology. However, till date, only a few published studies have addressed this aspect. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing data of bacterial taxa, MicroPITA picks representative samples for metagenomic analysis, effectively revealing how the development and progression of the HIV disease influences oral microbiota in MSM. Therefore, we collected samples from 11 HIV-negative and 44 HIV-positive subjects (stage 0 was defined by HIV RNA positivity, but negative or indeterminate antibody status; stages 1, 2, and 3 were defined by CD4+ T lymphocyte counts ≥ 500, 200–499, and ≤ 200 or opportunistic infection) and selected 25 representative saliva samples (5 cases/stage) using MicroPITA. DNA extraction, library construction, and metagenomic sequencing analysis were performed to explore whether a positive HIV status changes oral microbiota KEGG functional composition in MSM.
Results
The core functions of oral microbiota were maintained across each of the five groups, including metabolism, genetic and environmental information processing. All HIV-positive groups displayed KEGG functions of abnormal proliferation, most prominently at stage 0, and others related to metabolism and human disease. Clustering relationship analysis tentatively identified functional relationships between groups, with bacterial function being more similar between stage 0-control groups and stage 1–2 groups, whereas the stage 3 group exhibited large functional changes. Although we identified most metabolic pathways as being common to all five groups, several unique pathways formed clusters for certain groups; the stage 0 group had several, while the stage 2 and 3 groups had few, such clusters. The abundance of K03046 was positively correlated with CD4 counts.
Conclusions
As HIV progresses, salivary bacterial function in MSM progressively changes as HIV promotes abnormal energy metabolism and exacerbates pathogen virulence. Further, infection and drug resistance of acute stage and immune cell destruction of AIDS stage were abnormally increased, predicting an increased risk for MSM individuals to develop systemic and oral diseases.
Airborne mycobiota in a subterranean habitat – a case of show cave in Serbia
Authors: Stupar Miloš , Savković Željko , Popović Slađana , Simić Gordana Subakov , Grbić Milica Ljaljević
Published: December 2022

Fungi can colonize organic matter present in subterranean sites and have a significant role as dwellers in different microniches of cave habitats. In order to analyze the content of airborne fungal propagules in different parts of “Stopića Cave”, a touristic site in Serbia, air sampling was carried out in three seasons during 2020, prior to and during the onset of Covid-19 pandemic. Culturable mycobiota was identified using both microscopic techniques and ITS region/BenA gene barkoding while multivariate analyses were employed to establish the link between fungal taxa and different environmental factors. The maximal measured fungal propagule concentrations were recorded during spring sampling where based on fungal propagules concentration categories cave environment match the category V. A total of 29 fungal isolates were identified while Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Lecanicillium, Mucor and Penicillium were the most diverse genera. According to the trophic mode most of the isolated fungal species were Pathotrophs (75.86%), but when regarding ecological guilds, the most dominant were undefined saprobes and animal pathogens (41.38% for each). Show caves are especially vulnerable to human impacts, and the fungal propagules’ concentration within the caves could be good indices for the level of ecological disturbance.
Existence of equilibrium solution for multi-leader-follower games with fuzzy goals and parameters
Authors: liu zhenli , wang guoling , yang guanghui
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we first propose the model of multi-leader-follower games with fuzzy goals and involving fuzzy parameters and introduce its α-FNS equilibrium. Next, we shift our attention to the existence of α-FNS equilibrium and prove it by Kakutani’s fifixed point theorem. Finally, we illustrate an example to show that the equilibrium existence result is valid.
Mathematics Subject Classification. 91A06, 91A07, 91A10.
Sign-changing solutions for Kirchhoff type problems with variable exponent
Authors: Chu Changmu , Yu Ying
Published: December 2022

This paper is devoted to study a class of Kirchhoff type problems with variable exponent. By means of perturbation technique, the method of invariant sets for the descending flow and necessary estimates, the existence of infinitely many sign-changing solutions to this problem is obtained.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 35J20, 35J62, 35Q55.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Solar Flare Prediction
Authors: Zheng Yanfang , Qin Weishu , Li Xuebao , Ling Yi , Huang Xusheng
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we develop five machine learning models, neural network (NN), long short-term memory (LSTM), LSTM based on attention mechanism (LSTM-A), bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM), and BLSTMbased on attention mechanism (BLSTM-A), for predicting whether a flare event of ≥C class or ≥M class will occur within 24 hr. We use solar active region samples provided by the Space-weather Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager Active Region Patches data from May 2010 to September 2018. The samples are divided into four categories (No-flare, C, M, and X) and generate 10 separate data sets. Then, after training, validating, and testing our models, we compare the results with the true skill statistics (TSS) as the assessment metric. The main results are as follows. (1) The TSS scores of ≥C class are 0.5472±0.0809, 0.6425±0.0685, 0.6904±0.0575, 0.6681±0.0573 and 0.6833±0.0531 for NN, LSTM, BLSTM, LSTM-A, and BLSTM-A, respectively. The TSS scores of ≥M class are 0.5723±0.1139, 0.6579±0.0758, 0.5943±0.0712,0.6493±0.0826 and 0.5932±0.0723, respectively. (2) For the first time, we add an attention mechanism to BLSTM for flare prediction, which improves the performance of the model for ≥C class. (3) Among the five models, the prediction model based on deep learning algorithms is generally superior to the model based on the traditional machine learning algorithm. The performance of the LSTM models is comparable to that of the BLSTM models. In general, LSTM-A for ≥C class performs better than other models. In addition, We also discuss the influence of 10 features on LSTM-A, and we find that removing the least significant feature will result in better performance than using all 10 features together, and the TSS score of the model will improve to 0.7059 ± 0.0440.
Does GPT-3 qualify as a co-author of a scientific paper publishable in peer-review journals according to the ICMJE criteria? - A Case Study.
Authors: Thunström Almira Osmanovic , Transformer Generative Pretrained , Steingrimsson Steinn
Published: December 2022

This paper explores the potential for a system to be a co-author on an academic paper based on the criteria proposed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). We used a third generation generative pretrained transformer (GPT-3) to write a review paper on the topic of its choice: The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Function. The system was asked to fulfill the four main criteria for co-authorship as recommended by ICMJE, which includes contributions to the conception or design of the work; drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; final approval of the version to be published; and agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Our results showed that the system was able to fulfill the criteria, although it had difficulty with referencing. We also explored the ethical implications of using AI systems for research and found that it is important to take a cautious approach when considering its use for scientific authorship. This case study provides a methodology for further investigations into the possibilities and limitations of automated writing.
The Role of Renewable Energy Consumption in Promoting Sustainability and Circular Economy. A Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Laureti Lucio , Costantiello Alberto , Leogrande Angelo
Published: December 2022

In this article we investigate the role of “Renewable Energy Consumption” in the context of Circular Economy. We use data from the World Bank for 193 countries in the period 2011-2020. We perform several econometric techniques i.e., Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS. Our results show that “Renewable Energy Consumption” is positively associated among others to “Cooling Degree Days” and “Adjusted savings: net forest depletion” and negatively associated among others to “GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF” and “Mean Drought Index”. Furthermore, we perform a cluster analysis with the application of the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of two clusters. Finally, we compare eight different machine learning algorithms to predict the value of Renewable Energy Consumption. Our results show that the Polynomial Regression is the best algorithm in the sense of prediction and that on average the renewable energy consumption is expected to growth of 2.61%.
JEL CODE: Q5, Q50, Q51, Q52, Q53.
Evaluation of different extracts leaves and seed husks of some Terminalia spp. had cultivated in Egypt on orange juice
Authors: Gharib Hesham Abd El-Salam , Ahmed Nagla M. , Abozed Mohamed AHMED Samah
Published: December 2022

Terminalia trees had-cultivated in Egypt for getting wood and windbreak. seed husks and leaves (young and old) of T. bellirica and T. arjuna had light acrid, arguable and tasteless on characteristic taste, respectively. Meanwhile, T. bellirica seed husks are more capable of total sugars percentage compared to T. arjuna seed husks (11.2 and 10.3%) respectively. Generally, ethanol solvent enhanced aqueous extract on all treatments.T. bellirica seed husks had the highest significant increased total phenol and total tannin content. In this concern, young leaves of T. bellirica enhanced significantly to total flavonid content. T. bellirica and T. arjuna had a high significant increased on antioxidant content (38.550.3 and 36.450.58 mg) respectively. Meanwhile, mature leaves of terminalia sp. had a significant increased in K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn content. On the other side additive both extracts of different terminalia sp. portions save pH, browning and turbidity of juice with no significant during 7 days storage in room temperature while juice still without significant change until 1days under 4Cº. Terminalia extract significantly enhanced the sensory of juice. In general, treated with terminalia extract had a significant increase in phenol, tannin, flavonoid and DPPH of juice content.
Noninterference patterns and interference patterns simultaneously emerging on screen in wave experiments --- universal phenomena
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: December 2022

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the convex lens has been utilized to study the behavior of photons near the diaphragm of the double slit. The experiments show that within a certain macroscopic distance the patterns are the particle patterns (noninterference pattern), and that the noninterference pattern gradually evolve to the interference pattern.
In this article, we show that in each of the single slit, double slit, cross double slit, four slits, disc ring, 1D grating and 2D grating experiments, the particle patterns (noninterference patterns) that show the shapes of the diaphragms, and interference patterns simultaneously emerge on the screen. It is the challenge to interpret the phenomena.
The Impact of Digital Marketing Success on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Anber Mohammad Anber Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Customer loyalty is often seen as one of the decisive factors in determining the fate of organizations. In the age of digitization, organizations should think of advanced strategies to increase their competitiveness and market share by employing the potential of digital content and enhancing their digital capabilities. Recently, many digital media have appeared available to organizations to build their brand, reach their target customers and retain them, and promote their products. Digital media represented a real revolution that made it difficult for organizations to survive in the business environment without investing in these means. Therefore, the aim of the study is twofold: 1) to explore the effects of digital content marketing and digital marketing capabilities on digital marketing success; 2) to investigate the impact of digital marketing success on customer loyalty. This research was conducted on a sample of online restaurant customers through a questionnaire distributed to 187 customers. IBM SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used as the main programs for analysing the collected data from 165 online restaurant customers. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the research’s hypothesized effects. The results indicated that digital content marketing and digital marketing capabilities had significant effects on digital marketing success based on the perspectives of online restaurant customers in Jordan. Moreover, digital marketing success substantially impacted customer loyalty of online restaurant customers in Jordan. It was concluded that for organizations to ensure a positive effect of digital marketing on customer loyalty, more attention should be paid to critical factors such as digital content and digital capabilities. The study calls for researchers to explore more factors affecting the success of digital marketing. It informs marketing managers that customer loyalty in the digitization era depends on the ability to create, communicate and deliver digital content using digital technologies and the quality of digital content and capabilities that deliver customer value.
Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Intention of Luxury Branded Perfumes
Authors: Krishnan Chitra , Agarwal Naraini , Gupta Shivam
Published: December 2022

The Prestige Cosmetics & Fragrances segment dominates the luxury consumer goods market, which has grown considerably over the past decade. According to the Coco Chanel quote, «Luxury is a necessity that begins where necessity ends». Luxurious goods were once considered a luxury reserved for a select few. «Luxury» was used to describe uncommon and limited-supply items which were only available to a select group of people. As time has progressed, luxury goods have become more accessible to middle-class consumers as the luxury market has grown. A total of more than 1.2 trillion euros was spent on the luxury market in 2018. Because of the increasing purchasing power of today’s consumers and the large size of the global luxury market, understanding this consumer group is critical to a company’s success in enhancing its business success in the luxury perfume market. Developing effective plans to meet and exceed consumer expectations is essential for companies in the luxury industry. A luxury brand has distinct characteristics that make it stand out from the rest. This study examined these and other theories focusing on five factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention of luxury branded perfumes. The five factors above are perceived uniqueness, brand image, quality, price, and status. This study aims to shed light on the factors influencing the desire to purchase high-end branded perfumes. More specifically, it aims to discover the root causes of the phenomenon of buying luxury branded perfumes and the primary determinants of luxury-goods consumption. A survey was used to gather data, and structural equation modeling with partial least squares was used to analyse the framework. Because of the findings, four variables (brand image, quality, price, and status) were found to have a positive relationship with purchase intention. The results also show that perceived uniqueness does not significantly impact the desire to purchase luxury perfumes. Marketers and managers could use the results of this study to understand luxury consumer behaviours better and develop marketing strategies that would help their products succeed in the luxury market.
Carbohydrate Changes in the Pseudobulbs of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth
Authors: Lin Hsi , Chang Yao-Chien Alex
Published: December 2022

Pseudobulbs are carbohydrate storage organs in Oncidesa. A current pseudobulb forms on a developing vegetative shoot in each growth cycle and it becomes a back pseudobulb when the next vegetative shoot emerges. Both current and back pseudobulbs store carbohydrates, but their functions might differ because the inflorescence emerges from the new (current) shoot after the shoot has developed to a certain stage. This study investigated carbohydrate storage and use in current and back pseudobulbs. We analyzed carbohydrates in the current pseudobulb at five stages during inflorescence development. Glucose and fructose were the highest in the current pseudobulb in the first two stages, when the inflorescence was 10 to 35 cm tall. Then, both glucose and fructose decreased in the following stages to support inflorescence development, but starch increased at that time. In addition, we used Oncidesa with one or two new vegetative shoots to study the use of carbohydrates in pseudobulbs during growth cycles. In both plants with one or two shoots, glucose and fructose accumulated when current pseudobulbs formed, but plants with two new shoots had smaller current pseudobulbs and lower monosaccharide concentrations. Plants with two shoots also consumed more starch in all back pseudobulbs, whereas in the plants with one new shoot, starch only decreased significantly in the first back pseudobulb, which was closer to the new shoot. In addition, if an inflorescence did not develop in the previous growth cycle, new shoots used the monosaccharides that remained in the youngest back pseudobulb for growth; at the same time, starch accumulated in all back pseudobulbs. The current pseudobulb was the actively growing part. Its main carbohydrates were monosaccharides, which accounted for 25% of dry weight and Oncidesa used these carbohydrates mainly for inflorescence growth. After monosaccharides in the pseudobulb were used, the pseudobulb began to store starch. Back pseudobulbs, in which >50% of dry weight was starch, were the primary storage organs that supported new vegetative shoot growth and partly supported later inflorescence development that emerged from the new (current) shoot.
IMPROVING ONGOING PATIENT CARE THROUGH GUIDING DOCUMENTATION OF WARD ROUNDS: A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN A GENERAL SURGICAL UNIT WITHIN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE
Authors: Patel Sima , Carioni Blanca
Published: December 2022

Aim: Increasing pressures within the National Health Service has led to busier ward rounds. Documentation of information can be sacrificed to accommodate the pace of (ward) rounds. This quality improvement project aims to implement a user-friendly proforma for surgical ward rounds, with the view both improving patient safety via directing documentation and supporting the junior doctor. Methods: Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) method was used for this quality improvement project. Primary and secondary parameters were established, and baseline assessment undertaken 1 month prior to intervention with repeat data collection 1 month and 6 months after introduction of a pre-printed ward round proforma. Results: A total of 106 entries were reviewed within the 6-month study period. Pre-printed ward round proforma led to an improvement in all assessed parameters. 80% of junior doctors (n=10) and 75% nursing staff (n=8) found the pre- printed proforma standardised documentation, improving communication of plans to the wider team. Antibiotic stewardship improved from 0% (N=50) to 98% (N=30) over the 6-month period. 100% of junior doctors (n = 10) and nursing staff (n = 8) found coloured paper facilitated and bettered identification of last consultant review. Conclusion: The introduction of a pre-printed proforma allowed for standardisation of documented information for ongoing ward rounds, improved antibiotic stewardship and was received positively by junior doctors. Colour paper allowed for quicker identification of the last ward round entry which makes reviews of an unwell patient more efficient. Further work is needed to optimise and incorporate proforma within other surgical specialities.
THE EFFECT OF VERMICOMPOST APPLIED ON LEAVES AND SOIL ON DIFFERENT DATES ON THE VEGETATIVE PROPERTIES OF PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)
Authors:   Sirnak University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Field Crops, Ã„Â°dil, Sirnak, Turkey., Kamci Tekin Gizem , Tuba Bicer Behiye ,   Dicle University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Field Crops, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Published: December 2022

The experiment was conducted from February to July 2021 in the Dicle University, Agriculture Faculty, Field Crops Department Experiment Farm. Vermicompost fertilizer was applied on the 21st and 42nd days (26 March and 16 April) after the emergence of 2000-2500 ml/ha on the soil, and 500 ml/ha on the leaves at the flowering stage. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Plants were harvested at six times 10-day intervals after 45 days emergence. Observations on the number of nodes, stipules, leaves, tendrils and pods per plant, pod fresh and dry weight, and pod length were taken. The number of nodes, stipules, leaves and tendrils per plant was not affected by vermicompost application. Vermicompost applications at 21 and 42 days on the soil were more efficient than the control and on the leaf application.
STUDY OF HEPATITIS E INFECTION IN ANTENATAL WOMEN
Authors:   PG Resident OBGY, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune, India., Lasure Shivani , Junnare Ketaki ,   HOD and Professor, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune, India., Damle Hemant ,   Professor OBGY, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College, Pune, India.
Published: December 2022

The prevalence of HEV antibodies in the serum of pregnant females remains undetectedand its pregnancy outcomes in infected women also need to be delineated.
EFFECTS OF LIGHT INTENSITY LEVEL, ILLUMINANCE DEPTH AND TEMPERATURE ON THE PARAMETERS OF A SILICON SOLAR CELL IN CURRENT- GENERATING MODE
Authors:   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., BA Fatimata , Hadji Ndiaye El. ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Faye Seydou ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Diao Dame ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Touty Traore Papa ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Ndiaye Mor ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Diagne Issa ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department,Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: December 2022

The influence of the light intensity level, of illuminance depth and of temperature on some parameters of a silicon solar cell operating in the vicinity of the short-circuit has been the subject of our study.Starting from the continuity equation, then from the equation of the density of minority charge carriers where the effects were studied, we have analyzed the performance parameters according to a temperature range from and under an illumination from to Sun.The results indicate that the illumination intensity has a dominant effect on the current parameters.The photocurrent density and the short-circuit current increase with increasing light intensity level whereas the shunt resistance is more sensitive to temperature variations.
AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE AND OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Haddougui Soukaina ,   University Mohamed VI of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco., Bouchaar Mounia ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.,   University Mohamed VI of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco., Bajjouk Salma ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.,   University Mohamed VI of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco., Khamaily Mehdi ,   University Mohamed VI of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco.,   Department of Ophthalmology, Mohamed 6 university hospital, Bouskoura, Morocco., Mouzari Yassine ,   Department of Ophtalmology of the Mohamed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Reda K. ,   Department of Ophtalmology of the Mohamed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Oubaaz A. ,   Department of Ophtalmology of the Mohamed V Military Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: December 2022

Amnion, the innermost layer of the placental sac, can be harvested as graft material. It has several mechanisms of action. There are three types of this AM fresh, cryoconserved and dehydrated. The dehydrated Amniotic Membrane is the type used in our observations. We report two cases the first one a 70 years old patient with bullous keratopathy and the second one a 65 years old patient with a diffuse epithelial defect in whom the dehydrated amniotic membrane graft gave good results The effectiveness of dehydrated membrane grafting has been demonstrated in several studies but a larger study is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
DOUBLE COMMON BILE DUCT ASSOCIATED WITH PANCREATIC DIVISUM: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Radiology Specialist, Mirdif Hospital, Dubai., Mohamed Subhi Barrani Mamoun , Saber Youness Ahmed ,   Gastroenterology Specialist, HMS Garhoud Private Hospital, Dubai., Al Okla Muhannad ,   Gastroenterology Consultant, Mirdif Hospital, Dubai.
Published: December 2022

Double common bile duct type I is a rare anomaly. Moreover, the association of double common bile duct and Pancreatic divisum is an even less common malformation. We reported a case of a combined double common bile duct type I and pancreatic divisum presented after complicated with a large common bile duct calculus. Classification and investigations for the double common bile duct are briefly discussed.
READINESS OF RURAL INDIA FOR ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors:   Assistant Teacher, Basic Education Department, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh., Noopur Shukla Kiran
Published: December 2022

India is a developing country with a large population living below the poverty line in villages. Rural India still lags behind in important modern facilities like high speed internet connectivity, 24 hours power supply and devices necessary for digital transactions. This study was undertaken to explore the availability of services and devices needed for online education. A self made questionnaire was used to collect data.100 families from two villages, near Manauri, located at 20 km away from headquarter of Prayagraj district were the participants. The questionnaire collected information regarding types of houses, source of income, family size, no. of working member, availability of devices needed for online education and its awareness etc. Percentage analysis was done. It was found that socio- economic condition of the families was very poor as 38 % families were living in kaccha houses. Majority (80%) having only one earning member with average income varied from 5000 to 8000 rupees per month. Most (70 %) of them were labourer working on daily wages. Only 35 % children have access to touch phones for academic use.
Does corporate governance moderate the effect of corporate social responsibility on a firm’s financial performance?
Authors: Pasko Oleh , Lagodiienko Nataliia , Kudlaieva Nataliia , Riabenko Lesia , Gerasymenko Nataliia
Published: December 2022

Drawing on the agency and resource dependence theories, the paper assumes that the impact of corporate social responsibility on companies’ financial performance should be investigated not in a binary manner but against the backdrop of corporate governance. The analysis is based on testing the dataset retrieved from the Chinese Stock Market and Accounting Research database containing 28,200 company-year observations of 3,576 Chinese listed companies covering 2008–2019. The findings accentuate that corporate social responsibility, interacting with board size, equity concentration, and CEO duality, positively impacts a firm’s financial performance. In contrast, the study fails to substantiate the claim that board gender diversity and board independence moderate the bond between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. Thus, by exploring five elements of corporate governance, this study takes a step forward in understanding exactly which elements of corporate governance best suit corporate social responsibility to enhance financial performance in China’s institutional settings. This study assists in filling the gap in corporate social responsibility research by displaying and corroborating the moderating effects of corporate governance attributes on the nexus between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in China. Therefore, this paper presents valuable information and details for companies and regulators alike to improve the impact of corporate social responsibility on financial performance by focusing on corporate governance quality.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is co-funded by European Union through the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) within the project “EU Best Practice Of Life Cycle Assessment, Social, Environmental Accounting And Sustainability Reporting 101047667 – EULASTING – ERASMUS-JMO-2021-HEI-TCH-RSCH” (https://bit.ly/3Bbvquw).