bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auditoria: ferramenta de enfermagem para melhoria da qualidade assistencial
Authors: Silva Karla Rona da , Lima Marina Dayrell de Oliveira , Sousa Marco Aurélio de
Published: June 2017

Este estudo tem por objetivo descrever a finalidade da auditoria de enfermagem e sua importância para a melhoria da qualidade da assistência à saúde. O método utilizado foi a revisão integrativa da literatura. A amostra constituiu-se de 10 artigos, 12 livros e 01 resolução do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em Belo Horizonte, no período de agosto de 2015. A análise dos artigos e redação dos resultados ocorreu no período de setembro de 2015. Nossos resultados originaram as seguintes categorias temáticas: Auditoria: alguns apontamentos, Gestão da qualidade: uma competência do Enfermeiro Auditor e, A relevância da comunicação nos processos de auditoria. Concluímos que a auditoria de enfermagem avalia a assistência de enfermagem pela análise dos prontuários, acompanhamento do cliente e verificação da compatibilidade entre o procedimento realizado e os itens que compõem a conta hospitalar cobrada, garantindo um pagamento justo mediante a cobrança adequada.Palavras-chave: Auditoria de enfermagem. Enfermagem. Indicadores de qualidade.
The Design Of Preservice Primary Teacher Education Science Subjects: The Emergence Of An Interactive Educational Design Model
Authors: McKinnon David H. , Danaia Lena , Deehan James
Published: June 2017

Over the past 20 years there have been numerous calls in Australia and beyond for extensive educational reforms to preservice teacher education in the sciences. Recommendations for science teacher education programs to integrate curriculum, instruction and assessment are at the forefront of such reforms. In this paper, we describe our scholarly action–research approach to the teaching of science and science–method subjects to Australian preservice primary-school teachers in the state of New South Wales. We present an interactive educational design model founded on a solid theoretical literature base that incorporates Pedagogical Content Knowledge as an integrative mediating framework and which drives students’ interactions with the elements of the design model. The results from our mixed-methods study suggest that the approaches adopted through two extended vignettes show significant increases in preservice teachers’ competence and confidence. Together, the qualitative and extensive quantitative data suggest participants obtain a newly developed sense of enthusiasm for science and an understanding of the role that it can play in the primary- school curriculum. The data provide strong evidence that the approaches being called for in some of the earlier reforms and most recently by Bybee (2014) are effective
Frequência de lesões desportivas em aulas de educação física do ensino fundamental em Campinas/SP: estudo observacional retrospectivo
Authors: Del Vecchio Fabricio Boscolo , Seus Tamires Lorenzet , Del Vecchio Anelita Helena Michelini , Silva Marcelo Cozzensa da
Published: June 2017

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de verificar a frequência, tipologia e fatores associados à lesões desportivas (LD) em aulas de educação física (EF) do ensino fundamental. Conduziu-se estudo transversal com 549 estudantes de 10 à 16 anos de idade de escolas públicas e privadas do município de Campinas, São Paulo, os quais responderam inquérito de morbidade referida (IMR) sobre LD mais importantes nos últimos dois anos em aulas de EF. A prevalência de LD foi de 32,2%, sendo a maioria no plano epidérmico (27,7%), nos membros inferiores (45,7%) e com elevada contribuição dos jogos desportivos coletivos (70,6%). Considerando rede de ensino (público/privado), não houve diferença no tipo de lesão. Dos alunos que se lesionaram 36,8% visitaram médicos e 22,4% consumiram remédios.
Perspectivas para o ensino do sistema defensivo 3:3 no handebol diante de desigualdades numéricas
Authors: Menezes Rafael Pombo , Freire Vitor Daronco , Leonardo Lucas , Boff Leonardo Cordeiro
Published: June 2017

Em uma partida de handebol pode haver vários momentos de desigualdade numérica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de apresentar algumas possibilidades para o ensino do sistema defensivo 3:3 em situações de superioridade e inferioridade numérica deste, que considerem a complexidade e dinâmica do handebol. Nesse sentido, a proposta baseia-se basicamente em duas vertentes: jogos conceituais e método situacional. Com as perspectivas apresentadas durante esse ensaio, procuramos chamar a atenção dos treinadores sobre o ensino do sistema defensivo 3:3 e, ainda, apresentar diferentes estratégias para o seu ensino, aplicáveis a diferentes categorias.
Motivação para o consumo de suplementos nutricionais por praticantes de exercícios físicos
Authors: Castanho Gabriela Kaiser Fullin , Vidual Marina Belizário de Paiva , Fernandes Paula Teixeira
Published: June 2017

O objetivo dessa revisão foi realizar um levantamento dos conhecimentos relacionados aos suplementos nutricionais e identificar a motivação, como fator psicológico, para consumo destes por praticantes de exercícios físicos. Assim, foram selecionados 41 artigos, 15 livros, 04 teses e 02 sites para a revisão sistemática. Verificou-se que os suplementos são muito estudados, porém a motivação para seu consumo ainda não. Os poucos estudos nessa área mostraram que a melhora do rendimento e a procura pela saúde são fatores importantes para os atletas, mas mais estudos ainda são necessários.
Em busca de padrões de jogo da fase ofensiva em pequenos jogos de futebol
Authors: Praça Gibson Moreira , Silva Marcelo Vilhena , Barreira Daniel Bruno Vieira de Andrade , Garganta Julio Manuel , Greco Pablo Juan
Published: June 2017

O presente estudo analisou padrões de jogo ofensivos em situações de pequenos jogos praticados por jogadores de futebol sub-17. Recorreu-se ao protocolo de observação e software SoccerEye para o registo dos dados, e o software SDIS-GSEQ para a Análise Sequencial de Retardos das 260 sequências ofensivas recolhidas. Para a análise dos padrões de jogo adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados apontam para a existência de padrões ofensivos durante a realização de pequenos jogos. Tais padrões associam-se à obtenção de gols por meio da progressão da bola por passes curtos e da perda da bola quando os contextos de interação com a linha adiantada adversária são evidenciados. Sugere-se a utilização de pequenos jogos para o treinamento de padrões ofensivos no futebol, bem como sugere-se que a utilização da análise sequencial de retardos, no âmbito da metodologia observacional apresenta-se como metodologia capaz de detectar padrões de ação em pequenos jogos, representando assim um potencial instrumento para avaliação em estudos futuros no futebol.
Editorial
Authors: Suzigan Wilson , Garcia Renato
Published: June 2017

Ao mesmo tempo que apresenta este novo fascículo, a editoria da RBI tem a satisfação de comunicar que se encontram disponíveis, na página da revista, as novas versões em português, inglês e espanhol, revisadas e reorganizadas, da Política Editorial. Esperamos com isso facilitar a adequação das submissões às normas da revista e estimular o envio de artigos por autores estrangeiros, um passo no caminho da maior internacionalização desse periódico. Informamos também que a RBI obteve uma aprovação condicional na SciELO, dependendo apenas do atendimento a alguns requisitos adicionais para obter sua aprovação plena.
Apresentação: Vannevar Bush - Science The Endless Frontier
Authors: Cruz Carlos Henrique de Brito
Published: June 2017

Em 17 de novembro de 1944, quando os cientistas do Projeto Manhattan já previam que teriam um artefato nuclear pronto antes de agosto de 1945, cientistas de vários outros laboratórios no Reino Unido e nos EUA já tinham desenvolvido os radares decisivos para defender a população de cidades da Inglaterra dos bombardeiros nazistas e muitas outras tecnologias relevantes para o esforço de guerra norte-americano estavam se provando importantes no campo de batalha, o presidente Franklin Roosevelt enviou a Vannevar Bush, diretor do Escritório de Pesquisa Científica e Desenvolvimento (Office of Scientific Research and Development, que articulava e supervisionava a maior parte do esforço de pesquisa para defesa)...
A relação entre os canais de transferência de conhecimento das Universidades/IPPS e o desempenho inovativo das firmas no Brasil
Authors: Castro Priscila Gomes de , Teixeira André Luiz da Silva , Lima João Eustáquio de
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo objetiva estudar a interação universidade-empresa no Brasil, focando na relação entre os canais de transferência de conhecimento das universidades e IPPs (Institutos Públicos de Pesquisa) e o desempenho inovativo das firmas. Para tanto, utilizaram-se dados de 314 empresas respondentes de um survey conduzido no Brasil, relacionado à interação universidade-empresa. A partir da estimação de um modelo probit bivariado, percebeu-se que, no geral, alguns canais de transmissão de conhecimento de universidades e IPPs apresentam relação positiva com o desempenho inovativo das firmas no Brasil. Nas categorias de canais, aqueles ligados às atividades informais e ao licenciamento tiveram relação direta com a probabilidade de inovação de produto, enquanto apenas os canais ligados às atividades informais mostraram uma relação positiva com a probabilidade de inovação de processo.
Indicadores de inovação: um exame das atividades inovativas na indústria internacional de alimentos processados
Authors: Fornari Vinicius Cardoso de Barros , Gomes Rogério , Corrêa André Luiz
Published: June 2017

Este artigo procura combinar métodos tradicionais de medição de intensidade tecnológica com outros indicadores alternativos para examinar a dispersão das atividades inovativas na indústria e em diferentes países. A hipótese que sustenta o estudo reside no fato de que nas indústrias tradicionais, como a de alimentos processados (IAP), os métodos tradicionais são insuficientes para detectar o processo de inovação em sua totalidade. Como método, foram analisados os dados de patentes extraídos das 25 maiores empresas de alimentos processados do mundo e propostos diferentes indicadores elaborados a partir da Pesquisa de Inovação Tecnológica – Pintec (IBGE, 2010) – empresas brasileiras – e da Community Innovation Survey – CIS (EUROSTAT, 2009) – países da União Europeia. Os resultados permitiram estabelecer relações em três dimensões: (i) a complexidade do esforço inovativo da IAP; (ii) os esforços para a inovação nos diferentes países são distintos; e (iii) existe heterogeneidade no desempenho dos países.
Domestic and foreign knowledge sources for innovation in internationalized Production Networks: the automotive and the iron and steel cases
Authors: Morero Hernan Alejandro
Published: June 2017

Este artigo estuda a importância relativa de fontes de conhecimento domésticas para a inovação nas atividades de produção internacionalizadas em uma economia emergente. Duas redes de produção da Argentina, com diferentes formas de internacionalização, foram consideradas: uma delas organizada pela presença de filiais de empresas multinacionais nos núcleos da rede (indústria automotiva); e outra caracterizada pela existência de empresas locais nos núcleos da rede (caso da indústria siderúrgica). Foram utilizadas técnicas de análise fatorial múltipla e de agrupamento (clusters), aplicadas a dados de um levantamento de inovação junto a 163 empresas automotivas e siderúrgicas da Argentina, para o período 2001-2005, com o intuito de avaliar a importância relativa das fontes de conhecimento domésticas e internacionais. A principal constatação é que o melhor desempenho inovador das redes de produção organizadas em torno de empresas domésticas subestima a importância dos vínculos internacionais, em comparação com as redes organizadas em torno de subsidiárias estrangeiras.
O Imperial Instituto Pernambucano de Agricultura– IIPA, 1859-1871: o malogro de um projeto inovador de parceria público privado
Authors: Dabat Christine , Luna Victor Hugo
Published: June 2017

Durante o Império, a inovação na agricultura foi marcada por iniciativas do Estado central. Esta tendência, então mundial, visava promover instituições estatais ou patrocinadas pelo Estado para auxiliar os produtores nos esforços de modernização de um setor ainda crucial. Nessa época, já se tinha longa experiência de globalização – de três a quatro séculos para a América –, sobretudo para produções agrícolas requerendo condições ambientais tropicais, mas destinadas a mercados na zona temperada, particularmente europeia: açúcar, café, cacau, algodão, etc. Na esteira de tradições seculares – medievais cristãs e islâmicas e, nos Tempos Modernos, das iniciativas de ordens como os Jesuítas, atentos aos desdobramentos técnicos chineses (PERES, 2009) –, as autoridades brasileiras também se esforçaram, no século XIX, em promover novas atividades e, sobretudo, melhorias nas já instaladas – entre elas a sacaricultura –, tanto em termos técnicos como de formação de quadros...
Mario Vale - Conhecimento, Inovação e Território
Authors: Tunes Regina
Published: June 2017

Conhecimento, inovação e território, de autoria de Mário Vale, pesquisador do Centro de Estudos Geográficos do Instituto de Letras e professor do Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território da Universidade de Lisboa, tem como principal objetivo discutir as transformações econômicas nas escalas local e regional relacionadas à sociedade e à economia do conhecimento. Tais transformações econômicas fizeram emergir a discussão das territorialidades e do papel da aglomeração espacial no desenvolvimento das atividades de inovação e conhecimento...
Sosyal Medya Reklamlarını Görmemek İçin Para Verir Miydiniz? Facebook Özelinde Bir Çalışma
Authors: Aydin Gökhan
Published: June 2017

Kullanımları dünya genelinde yaygınlaşan sosyal medya siteleri ciro yaratarak karlı birer işletme haline gelebilmek için günümüzde reklam destekli iş modelleri kullanmaktadır. Kullanıcıların ücretsiz olarak kullanmaya alıştığı bu platformlara erişim için ücret ödemek istemeyecekleri varsayımıyla reklam destekli modeller tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışma içerisinde sosyal medya sitelerinin en yaygın kullanılanı olan Facebook üzerinde gösterilen reklamlara kullanıcıların tutumları ölçümlenmiş ve bu tutum ve tutumu oluşturan faktörlerin Facebook reklamlarını görmemek için para ödemeye etkisi test edilmiştir. Ödeme eğiliminde olan ve olmayan kullanıcılar arasında farklılar irdelenmiştir. Literatürde kabul görmüş ölçekler yardımıyla hazırlanan anket formu İnternet üzerinden Facebook kullanıcılarına dağıtılmış, elde edilen 327 soru formu bir ön-analiz sürecinden geçirilerek düşük kaliteli ve tam doldurulmamış anketler ayıklanarak 281 kullanılabilir soru formuna ulaşılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analiz sonuçlarına göre Facebook reklamlarına olan tutum ve tutumun öncülleri reklamları görmemek için ödeme niyetine olumsuz yönde etki etmektedir.
Return to Sport After Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Its Effect on Subsequent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Dekker Travis J. , Godin Jonathan A. , Dale Kevin M. , Garrett William E. , Taylor Dean C. , Riboh Jonathan C.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft failure and contralateral ACL tears are more frequent in children and adolescents than adults. The reasons for higher subsequent injury rates in this population are incompletely understood.

Methods:

We analyzed a continuous cohort of patients who were <18 years of age. Subjects underwent isolated, primary ACL reconstruction with autograft between 2006 and January 1, 2014, and had a minimum 2-year follow-up. Return-to-sport characteristics were described, and multivariable Cox regression modeling was used to identify predictors of a second ACL injury. Candidate variables included patient factors (age, sex, physeal status, tibial slope, notch width index), surgical characteristics (graft type, surgical technique), measures of recovery (time to return to sport, duration of physical therapy), and patients’ preoperative and postoperative sports involvement (primary and secondary sports, number of sports).

Results:

A total of 112 subjects met inclusion criteria; of these patients, 85 (76%) had complete follow-up data and were analyzed. The mean age (and standard deviation) was 13.9 ± 2.1 years (range, 6 to 17 years); 77% had open physes. The mean follow-up was 48.3 ± 15.3 months. Seventy-seven patients (91%) returned to sports, and 84% returned to the same sport. The mean Marx activity score at the time of the latest follow-up was 13.7 ± 3.5 points. Patients were involved in fewer sports after ACL reconstruction, 1.48 ± 0.92 compared with 1.83 ± 1.01 sports before reconstruction (p = 0.002). Sixteen patients (19%) sustained an ACL graft rupture, 11 patients (13%) sustained a contralateral ACL tear, and 1 of these patients (1%) sustained both. The overall prevalence of a second ACL injury was 32%. Time to return to sport was the only significant predictor of a second ACL injury, with a slower return being protective (hazard ratio per month, 0.87 [95% confidence interval, 0.73 to 0.99]; p = 0.04).

Conclusions:

Pediatric athletes return to sports at a high rate (91%) after ACL reconstruction. Unfortunately, the prevalence of a second ACL injury is high at 32%. Within this population, an earlier return to sport is predictive of a second ACL injury.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Can We Agree on Expectations and Assessments of Graduating Residents?
Authors: Nousiainen Markuu , Incoll Ian , Peabody Terrance , Marsh J. Lawrence
Published: June 2017

Orthopaedic educators are responsible for training a prepared and competent workforce that will provide effective care for a growing number of patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Currently, there are both internal and external forces that pose substantial challenges to medical students, residents, program directors, faculty members, and chairs in achieving this goal. One area of particular concern is the education of surgeons, whose knowledge and professional behavior must be matched by their ability to acquire procedural skills. In order to address this issue, many training systems have implemented a competency-based training approach into their curricula. This article discusses the efforts that orthopaedic training bodies in Canada and Australia have taken toward competency-based education and what steps the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS), the Council of Orthopaedic Residency Directors (CORD), the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA), the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) are considering to improve residency education in the current and future environments.
Brace Success Is Related to Curve Type in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Thompson Rachel M. , Hubbard Elizabeth W. , Jo Chan-Hee , Virostek Donald , Karol Lori A.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Curve magnitude and skeletal maturity are important factors in determining the efficacy of bracing for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, but curve morphology may also affect brace success. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of curve morphology on the response to bracing with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO).

Methods:

A retrospective review of patients managed with an orthosis for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who were prospectively enrolled at the initiation of brace wear and followed through completion of bracing or surgery was performed. Inclusion criteria were main curves of 25° to 45° and a Risser stage of 0, 1, or 2 at the time of brace prescription. Compliance with bracing was measured with Maxim Integrated Thermochrons. Radiographs made at brace initiation, brace cessation, and final follow-up were used to retrospectively categorize curves with use of the modified Lenke (mLenke) classification system and more broadly to categorize them as main thoracic or main lumbar. The effect of morphology on outcome was evaluated using chi-square and Fisher exact tests.

Results:

One hundred and sixty-eight patients were included. There was no difference in curve magnitude at the time of brace initiation (p = 0.798) or in average hours of daily brace wear (p = 0.146) between groups. The rate of surgery or progression of the curve to ≥50° was 34.5% (29 of 84) in mLenke-I curves, 54.5% (6 of 11) in mLenke-II curves, 29.4% (10 of 34) in mLenke-III curves, 17.6% (3 of 17) in mLenke-V curves, and 13.6% (3 of 22) in mLenke-VI curves. There were no mLenke-IV curves at the time of brace initiation. The rate of surgery or progression to ≥50° was 34.1% (44 of 129) in the combined thoracic group and 15.4% (6 of 39) in the combined lumbar group (p = 0.0277). In brace-compliant patients (>12.9 hours/day), the rate of surgery or progression to ≥50° was 30.3% (20 of 66) in main thoracic curves and 5.3% (1 of 19) in main lumbar curves (p = 0.0239). One-tenth of curves changed morphology during bracing. The rate of surgery or progression to ≥50° was 35.8% (43 of 120) in persistent main thoracic curves, 20.0% (6 of 30) in persistent main lumbar curves, 12.5% (1 of 8) in main thoracic curves that became main lumbar curves, and 0% (0 of 9) in main lumbar curves that became main thoracic curves (p = 0.0383).

Conclusions:

Thoracic curves are at greater risk for brace failure than lumbar curves are despite similar initial curve magnitudes and average amount of daily brace wear. A change in curve pattern may imply flexibility and is associated with brace success. Patients with thoracic curves should be counseled accordingly.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Venous Thromboembolism Following Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Parvizi Javad , Ceylan Hasan H. , Kucukdurmaz Fatih , Merli Geno , Tuncay Ibrahim , Beverland David
Published: June 2017

➤ Orthopaedic surgeons focus on the safety as much as on the efficacy of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylactic agents.

➤ The latest guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians directly endorse, and those from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons indirectly endorse, aspirin as an effective agent for VTE prophylaxis.

➤ There are sufficient published data that demonstrate the efficacy of aspirin in the prevention of VTE following total joint arthroplasty.

➤ Aspirin is inexpensive, easy to administer, and reasonably well tolerated; requires no blood monitoring; has an excellent safety profile; and continues to increase in popularity for VTE prevention after total joint arthroplasty.
Thoracic Idiopathic Scoliosis Severity Is Highly Correlated with 3D Measures of Thoracic Kyphosis
Authors: Sullivan T. Barrett , Reighard Fredrick G. , Osborn Emily J. , Parvaresh Kevin C. , Newton Peter O.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Loss of thoracic kyphosis has been associated with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis. Modern 3-dimensional (3D) imaging systems allow more accurate characterization of the scoliotic deformity than traditional radiographs. In this study, we utilized 3D calculations to characterize the association between increasing scoliosis severity and changes in the sagittal and axial planes.

Methods:

Patients evaluated in a scoliosis clinic and determined to have either a normal spine or idiopathic scoliosis were included in the analysis. All underwent upright, biplanar radiography with 3D reconstructions. Two-dimensional (2D) measurements of the magnitude of the thoracic major curve and the thoracic kyphosis were recorded. Image processing and MATLAB analysis were utilized to produce a 3D calculation of thoracic kyphosis and apical vertebral axial rotation. Regression analysis was performed to determine the correlation of 2D kyphosis, 3D kyphosis, and apical axial rotation with the magnitude of the thoracic major curve.

Results:

The 442 patients for whom 2D and 3D data were collected had a main thoracic curve magnitude ranging from 1° to 118°. Linear regression analysis of the 2D and 3D T5-T12 kyphosis versus main thoracic curve magnitude yielded significant models (p < 0.05). The 2D model had a minimally negative slope (−0.07), a small R2 value (0.02), and a poor correlation coefficient (−0.14). In contrast, the 3D model had a strongly negative slope (−0.54), a high R2 value (0.56), and a strong correlation coefficient (−0.75). Curve magnitude also had a strong correlation with loss of 3D T1-T12 kyphosis and increasing apical axial rotation.

Conclusions:

Segmentally calculated 3D thoracic kyphosis had a strongly negative correlation with the magnitude of the main thoracic curve. With near uniformity, 3D thoracic kyphosis progressively decreased as scoliosis magnitude increased, at a rate of more than half the increase in the main thoracic curve magnitude. Analysis confirmed a surprisingly strong correlation between scoliosis severity and loss of 3D kyphosis that was absent in the 2D analysis. A similarly strong correlation between curve magnitude and apical axial rotation was evident. These findings lend further credence to the concept that scoliosis progresses in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes simultaneously.

Clinical Relevance:

The findings of this study suggest that 3D assessment is critical for adequate characterization of the multiplanar deformity of idiopathic scoliosis and deformity in the sagittal plane is linked to deformity in the coronal plane. Increasing severity of coronal plane curvature is associated with a progressive loss of thoracic kyphosis that should be anticipated so that the appropriate intraoperative techniques for correction of idiopathic scoliosis can be applied in all 3 planes.
Study of the effect of pipe materials and mixing phenomenon on trihalomethanes formation and diffusion in a laboratory-scale water distribution network
Authors: Mompremier Rojacques , Fuentes Mariles Óscar Arturo , Ghebremichael Kebreab , Silva Martínez Ana Elisa , Becerril Bravo José Elías
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors that affect the formation and diffusion of disinfection by-products, especially trihalomethanes (THM), in a laboratory-scale water distribution network constructed with three different pipe materials. Sampling locations were chosen on the basis of residence time, pipe material and mixing zone. Water samples were collected and analyzed for temperature, pH, total organic carbon, turbidity, free chlorine and THM. Experiments were carried out where two different flow directions at cross junctions were studied. It was observed that for incoming flow at 90° with varying flow rate, mixing was shown to be incomplete where inflows tend to bifurcate rather than mix completely. For two incoming flows in opposing direction (180°), solute mixing has shown to be perfect due to the collision of the fluid streams. The results demonstrated how THM concentration can greatly vary in the same water distribution network due to the impact of pipe material, residence time and the outcome of mixing at cross junctions.
Bioenergy recovery from cattle wastewater in an UASB-AF hybrid reactor
Authors: de Mendonça Henrique Vieira , Ometto Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud , Otenio Marcelo Henrique , dos Reis Alberto José Delgado , Marques Isabel Paula Ramos
Published: June 2017

New data on biogas production and treatment of cattle wastewater were registered using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket-anaerobic filter (UASB-AF) hybrid reactor under mesophilic temperature conditions (37 °C). The reactor was operated in semi-continuous mode with hydraulic retention times of 6, 5, 3 and 2 days and organic loading rates of 3.8, 4.6, 7.0 and 10.8 kg CODt m−3 d−1. Biogas volumes of 0.6–0.8 m3 m−3 d−1 (3.8–4.6 kg CODt m−3 d−1) and 1.2–1.4 m3 m−3 d−1 (7.0–10.8 kg CODt m−3 d−1), with methane concentrations between 69 and 75%, were attained. The removal of organic matter with values of 60–81% (CODt) and 51–75% (CODs) allowed methane yields of 0.155–0.183 m3 CH4 kg−1 CODt and 0.401–0.513 m3 CH4 kg−1 CODs to be obtained. Volatile solids were removed in 34 to 69%, with corresponding methane yields of 0.27 to 0.42 m3 CH4 kg−1 VSremoved. The good performance of the novel hybrid reactor was demonstrated by biogas outputs higher than reported previously in the literature, along with the quality of the gas obtained in the various experimental phases. The hybrid reactor investigated in this study presents comparative advantages, particularly in relation to conventional complete mixture units, considering economic factors such as energy consumption, reactor volume and installation area.
Response of the Antarctic Ionosphere to Some Intense Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Mansilla Gustavo A.
Published: June 2017

Background:

The effect of geomagnetic storms on the mid-high latitude F2 region is studied.

Method:

For this purpose, foF2 data from four Antarctic stations were analyzed during three intense magnetic storms occurred in high solar activity (years 2002 and 2003). In general, negative storm effects irrespective of the local time were observed during the first part of the storms (main phase). Negative effects were also observed more often than positive effects during the first part of the recovery phase, which seems to indicate almost no longitudinal dependence in this stage of the storm.

Conclusion:

The negative effects frequently changed to positive during the last stage of the recovery. Several physical mechanisms were operative during the different stages of the storms.
Injection of Unicameral Bone Cysts with Bone Marrow Aspirate and Demineralized Bone Matrix Avoids Open Curettage and Bone Grafting in a Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Gundle Kenneth R. , Bhatt Etasha M. , Punt Stephanie E. , Bompadre Viviana , Conrad Ernest U.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Many treatment options exist for unicameral bone cysts (UBC), without clear evidence of superiority. Meta-analyses have been limited by small numbers of patients in specific anatomic and treatment subgroups. The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of injecting bone marrow aspirate and demineralized bone matrix (BMA/DBM) for the treatment of proximal humerus UBC.

Methods:

Fifty-one patients with proximal humerus lesions treated by BMA/DBM injection were retrospectively reviewed from a single academic medical center.

Results:

The mean number of injections performed per patient was 2.14 (range 1-5). Eleven patients underwent only one injection (22%), an additional 19 patients completed treatment after two injections (37%), four patients healed after three injections (8%), and one patient healed after four injections (2%). The cumulative success rate of serial BMA/DBM injections was 22% (11/51), 58% (30/51), 67% (34/51), and 69% (35/51). Eleven patients (22%) ultimately underwent open curettage and bone grafting, and five patients (10%) were treated with injection of calcium phosphate bone substitute.

Conclusion:

A BMA/DBM injection strategy avoided an open procedure in 78% of patients with a proximal humerus UBC. The majority of patients underwent at least 2 injection treatments.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV retrospective cohort study.
Malignant Transformation of Synovial Chondromatosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ng Vincent Y. , Louie Philip , Punt Stephanie , Conrad Ernest U.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Synovial chondromatosis (SCh) can undergo malignant transformation. Pathologic diagnosis of secondary synovial chondrosarcoma (SChS) is challenging and misdiagnosis may result in over- or undertreatment.

Method:

A systematic review revealed 48 cases of SChS published in 27 reports since 1957. Data was collected to identify findings indicative of SChS and outcomes of treatment.

Results:

At median follow-up of 18 months, patients were reported as alive (10%), alive without disease (22%), alive with disease (15%), dead of disease (19%), dead of pulmonary embolism (4%), and unknown (29%). Initial diagnosis of SChS (grade: low/unknown 48%, intermediate/high 52%) was after biopsy in 58%, local resection in 29%, and amputation in 13%. Seventy-four percent of patients underwent 1.8 (mean) resections. Patients treated prior to 1992 were managed with amputation in 79% of cases compared to 48% after 1992. Symptoms were present for 72 mos prior to diagnosis of SChS.

Synovial chondrosarcoma demonstrated symptom progression over several months (82%), rapid recurrence after complete resection (30%), and medullary canal invasion (43%). The SChS tumor dimensions were seldom quantified.

Conclusion:

Malignant degeneration of synovial chondromatosis is rare but can necessitate morbid surgery or result in death. Pathognomonic signs for SChS including intramedullary infiltration are present in the minority of cases. Progression of symptoms, quick local recurrence, and muscle infiltration are more suggestive of SChS. Periarticular cortical erosion, extra-capsular extension, and metaplastic chondroid features are non-specific. Although poorly documented for SChS, tumor size is a strong indicator of malignancy.

Biopsy and partial resection are prone to diagnostic error. Surgical decisions are frequently based on size and clinical appearance and may be in conflict with pathologic diagnosis.
Are We Using Slow-Acting Symptomatic Chondroprotective Drugs Conscious Enough?
Authors: Gumustas Seyit Ali , Oznam Kadir , Mutlu Cagri Ata , Kaya Yasin Emre , Yilmaz Ibrahim , Isyar Mehmet , Guzelant Aliye Yıldırım , Guler Olcay , Akkaya Semih , Mahirogullari Mahir
Published: June 2017

Background:

Osteochondral injuries constitute an entity that is widespread and can be seen in patients of all ages. Actual treatment modalities aim to relieve pain, obtain full range of movement of the joint, and improve the quality of life. There are many slow-acting chondroprotective agents prevalently used in the United States that are classified as nutritional support but not as medicines . This study presents the importance of clinical adverse effect profiles as well as the pharmacological mechanism of action and application of combinations of drugs that are widely prescribed and not subjected to control.

Methods:

Electronic databases were searched with keywords about the chondroprotective drugs without any language restriction. Evaluations of the descriptive statistics were representedviaMicrosoft Office Excel 2010 lists in the form of a mean±standard deviation or frequency (%). The first evaluation showed that 1502 studies were potentially relevant. Following exclusion of the 1277 studies which were not clinical, full versions of the remaining 225 studies were subjected to further evaluation. No controlled, blinded, randomized and/or comparative studies met the inclusion criteria of the study, and no studies evaluated the comparative clinical results of the hyaluronan of different molecular weights.

Results:

The findings of this study concluded that especially when prescribing drugs with ingredients like GS and CS, many patients’ pre-existing conditions must be considered, such as whether the patient has a glucose intolerance or not. Additionally, mineral toxication should be considered since the drugs contain minerals, and after the application of injected hyaluronan, complications should be considered.

Conclusion:

Clinical, controlled and comparative studies about the use of chondroprotective drugs must be performed to define the benefits of these drugs, if any, in order to determine the most suitable time for operative intervention.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengembangan Desa Wisata Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Sosial Budaya Wilayah (Studi Di Desa Wisata Penglipuran Bali)
Authors: Andayani Anak Agung Istri , Martono Edhi , Muhamad Muhamad
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to understood the process of community empowerment through the development of tourism village in Penglipuran’s Tourism Village and its implications related to the village’s socio-cultural resilience. The research had led to the finding that the process of community empowerment consisted of three stages.The stages were public awareness, giving capacity and empowerment. The form of community empowerment involving public participation starting from planning, implementation and evaluation. Problems of community empowerment relating to maintained culture and customs from modernitation influence,the attitude of society, human resources, accomodation tourist availability and promotion activities.In result, empowerment of communities through the development of tourism village in Penglipuran’s village was giving implemented in socio-cultural resilience such as strengthening and some changes in the social and cultural values and environmentABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami berlangsungnya proses pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan desa wisata di Desa Wisata Penglipuran dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan sosial budaya wilayah. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa proses pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Wisata Penglipuran berlangsung dalam tiga tahap yaitu tahap penyadaran, pengkapasitasan dan pemberian daya. Bentuk-bentuk pemberdayaan masyarakat melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Adapun kendala-kendala dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat berkaitan dengan usaha mempertahankan budaya dan adat istiadat dari arus modernisasi, sikap masyarakat, terbatasnya sumber daya manusia dan ketersediaan akomodasi wisata serta kurangnya kegiatan promosi.Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan desa wisata memberikan implikasi terhadap ketahanan sosial budaya wilayah berupa penguatan dan beberapa perubahan pada tata nilai sosial, budaya dan lingkungan
Peran Karang Taruna Dalam Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas Di Desa Karangpatihan, Kabupaten Ponorogo Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Ekonomi Keluarga
Authors: Gafara Citra , Riyono Bagus , Setiyawati Diana
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyzed the role of youth in the empowerment of persons with disabilities and to analyzed the implications for families economic resilience of persons with disabilities.This research was a qualitative descriptive study with data collection throught : (1) interview, (2) observation, and (3) the documentation with investigation techniques using triangulation techniques.The results of this study indicated Youth had a role in encouraging the participation of all elements of society to petrified with disabilities achieved prosperity. Empowerment activities also had contributed to the increase in income persons with disabilities. Although there was an increase in income, family economic resilience, conditions of persons with disabilities was still at the poverty line ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran karang taruna dalam pemberdayaan penyandang disabilitas dan menganalisis implikasinya terhadap ketahanan ekonomi keluarga penyandang disabilitas.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui: (1) wawancara, (2) observasi, dan (3) dokumentasi dengan teknik pemeriksaan menggunakan teknik triangulasi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Karang Taruna memiliki peran dalam mendorong partisipasi seluruh elemen masyarakat untuk membantu penyandang disabilitas mencapai kesejahteraan. Kegiatan pemberdayaan juga telah memberi kontribusi pada peningkatan pendapatan penyandang disabilitas. Meski terdapat peningkatan pendapatan, kondisi ketahanan ekonomi keluarga penyandang disabilitas masih berada pada garis kemiskinan
The Paris Climate Change Agreement: Where Does Africa Fit in?
Authors: Okonkwo Theodore
Published: June 2017

The 195 member state parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on December 2015 formally adopted the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. On April 22, 2016 not less than 175 world leaders converged on the United Nations Secretariat in New York and signed the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and 15 nations ratified it. As of March 1, 2017 133 countries have joined the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement on Climate Change is absolutely critical for Africa, a continent that is susceptible to the influence of climate change. The Paris Agreement on climate change is expected to assist the African continent obtain financial aid and cutting-edge technology to alleviate the impact of climate change. This article examines the Paris Climate Change Agreement in the context of its significance for Africa and asks whether the climate change deal is a worthwhile pact from an African standpoint or just an agreement relating to approaches that are standard and not tailored to the African peculiar needs, in other words, “one size fits all”.
Age-Dependent Decline in the Coordinated [Ca2+] and Insulin Secretory Dynamics in Human Pancreatic Islets
Authors: Westacott Matthew J. , Farnsworth Nikki L. , St. Clair Joshua R. , Poffenberger Greg , Heintz Audrey , Ludin Nurin W. , Hart Nathaniel J. , Powers Alvin C. , Benninger Richard K.P.
Published: June 2017

Aging is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes, resulting from reduced insulin sensitivity and secretion. Reduced insulin secretion can result from reduced proliferative capacity and reduced islet function. Mechanisms underlying altered β-cell function in aging are poorly understood in mouse and human islets, and the impact of aging on intraislet communication has not been characterized. Here, we examine how β-cell [Ca2+] and electrical communication are impacted during aging in mouse and human islets. Islets from human donors and from mice were studied using [Ca2+] imaging, static and perifusion insulin secretion assays, and gap junction permeability measurements. In human islets, [Ca2+] dynamics were coordinated within distinct subregions of the islet, invariant with islet size. There was a marked decline in the coordination of [Ca2+] dynamics, gap junction coupling, and insulin secretion dynamics with age. These age-dependent declines were reversed by pharmacological gap junction activation. These results show that human islet function declines with aging, which can reduce insulin action and may contribute to increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Quality improvement of copper welds by laser microwelding with the usage of spatial power modulation
Authors: Haeusler A. , Schürmann A. , Schöler C. , Olowinsky A. , Gillner A. , Poprawe R.
Published: June 2017

Laser welding of copper is gaining more and more importance to create electrical contacts due to the high temperature resistance and high achievable mechanical loads. However, laser welding of copper in the past was always associated with low process stability. By using high brightness fiber laser sources, small laser spots can be generated which allows keyhole-based deep penetration welding even in copper with high quality. Unfortunately, a small spot size and keyhole welding lead to a small connection area between the two joining partners. To avoid this, spatial power modulation—a linear feed with superposed circular motion—has been introduced. By using an additional parameter, oscillation frequency, and amplitude, in conjunction with spatial power modulation, we can increase not only the connection area but also the stability of the laser welding process and quality characteristics of the welds. In addition to the conformity of the weld depth, the surface roughness of the weld is a measure of the quality. Especially in interconnection of lithium ion cells and high power electronics, the consistency of the weld depth influences the connection area, which is essential for the current-carrying capacity. The quantity of weld defects and irregularities has a direct impact on the surface roughness of the weld. This paper presents recent results on the influence of the spatial power modulation on quality characteristics during laser microwelding by analyzing the weld via three-dimensional longitudinal cross sections and via laser measuring of the weld surface. Experimental investigations are supplemented by finite element simulations which enable a detailed analysis of the influence of the laser scanning strategy on the geometry of the fusion zone.
«El debate literario-político en la prensa cultural española (1801-1808)», de José Checa Beltrán
Authors: García Garrosa María Jesús
Published: June 2017

Reseña del libro «El debate literario-político en la prensa cultural española (1801-1808)», de José Checa Beltrán
El estilo de Max Weber. Sobre su participación en política y sobre el modo científico de escribir sociología
Authors: Morcillo Laiz Álvaro
Published: June 2017

Las cartas escritas por Max Weber durante los dos últimos años y medio de su vida po-dría servir como base para una sociología de la intelligentsia centroeuropea de entreguerras. Sin embargo, en vez de centrarse en los encuentros de Weber con las figuras de su tiempo, tanto de la literatura —Thomas Mann, Hugo von Hofmannsthal— como de la música —Richard Strauss—, este artículo discute sucesivamente tres temas que relacionamos a menudo con Weber, pero que no son bien conocidos entre nosotros: primero, su participación, y la de alguno de sus estudiantes, como Georg Lukaçs, en contra o a favor de las revoluciones que siguen al final de la Primera Guerra Mundial; segundo, su estilo de escritura, a menudo denostado, pero que es su solución para un reto importante para su propia carrera como catedrático. Este reto, el tercer tema de este artículo, fue la constitución de la sociología académica como una disciplina académica que combinase el interés por el impacto de los hechos, del pasado y de las instituciones en la acción, como pretendía la Escuela Histórica de la Economía Política, con el uso de modelos, o tipos ideales, propugnados por la Escuela austriaca. A esta contribución intelectual, largamente olvidada, como intermediador entre la economía y la sociología, le corresponde una etapa biográfica, la breve estancia de Weber en la Universidad de Viena en 1918.
Del socioanálisis a la subversión simbólica. La práctica de la sociología y la disrupción de los mecanismos de dominación a partir de P. Bourdieu
Authors: Gambarotta Emiliano Matías
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo se interroga por cómo la práctica de la sociología puede, con su específico conocimiento, contribuir a la disrupción de los mecanismos que (re)producen la dominación social. Con este fin se abordará la propuesta de socioanálisis realizada por Pierre Bourdieu, en tanto instancia central a través de la cual, según este autor, puede producirse dicha disrupción. Para lo cual resultará necesario estudiar primero la caracterización que él realiza del plano simbólico. A partir de todo esto, se señalará el resabio escolástico que aún puede hallarse en el socioanálisis bourdieuano, frente a lo cual aquí se propone una vía distinta por la que la práctica de la sociología puede tornarse disruptiva de la dominación social, propuesta que gira en torno a la bourdieuana noción de “subversión simbólica”.
La contribución de Simmel a la sociología reticular
Authors: Souto Maior Fontes Breno Augusto
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo, al construir un relato de la sociología simmeliana, mostrar su contribución original para la sociología reticular. El Análisis de Redes Sociales y la Teoría de las Redes se constituyen contemporáneamente en una rama importante de estudios en las ciencias sociales. Parte significativa de esta agenda de investigación fue trabajada por Simmel al inicio del siglo xx. Sus reflexiones se orientan principalmente a partir de la realidad del fin de siècle berlinense, en el agitado cotidiano de una metrópoli europea. Cuestiones colocadas por Simmel en su metodología de investigación social a partir de las formas y contenidos de los procesos de interacción social son estimulantes y nos ofrecen algunos indicadores preciosos de un camino metodológico para la comprensión de nuestra realidad contemporánea.