bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peace Process and Economic Development: Empirical Evidence from Indian States
Authors: Sharma Rajeev , Singh Indervir , Nair Anoopa S
Published: January 2017

This article tries to unravel the linkages between the prevalence of a peaceful environment and the status of economic development amongst different states of India. The central contention hypothesized in the article is that the: crime rate has negative effect on economic growth. However, only those crimes that affect the investment behaviour, lead to lower growth rate. To test the hypothesis, the rate of murder is used as an indicator of crime. Further, the motive of murder is used to distinguish between growth affecting crime and other types of crime. Generally, results indicate large variations in crime rate amongst the states in India. The pooled cross-sectional regression results verified that economic growth is negatively affected by the rate of murder for gain or due to property dispute. Other motives of murder do not show any significant impact on growth rate. The analysis suggests that there is a pressing need to combat crime, having negative impact on investment, to trigger economic growth of the regions.
Challenge of Economic Growth and the Concern for Energy Security: A Comparative Analysis of South Asia and South-East Asia
Authors: Jain Varinder
Published: January 2017

Energy dependence of the economic growth process on the one hand and the fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves on the other have aroused concerns for energy security across the world. In the context of developing nations, such concerns have gained prominence on at least two counts: first, these nations are at the lower levels of economic development and, thereby, have the pressing need for growth; second, they have limited affordability to finance their energy imports in the face of rapid surge in the prices of fossil fuels. But, how significant are these concerns among South Asian countries? This study provides insights in this respect with a comparative assessment of South Asia’s energy supply situation and energy policy framework vis-à-vis that in South-east Asia. In its endeavour, it focuses on the major economies of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh from the former region and Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand from the latter, for focused analytical inquiry into energy supply situation and energy policy framework. The emerging insights indicate that the initiatives made by selected South Asian countries have remained relatively weaker than those made by their counterparts in South-east Asian region. Moreover, this comparative analysis leaves many lessons for South Asian countries to emulate in their voyage towards securing energy supply.
Regionalism in South Asia: A Conceptual Note
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz
Published: January 2017

The idea of South Asia is both old and new and so is the issue of regionalism in South Asia. In this respect one could talk about regionalism in South Asia not only from a political standpoint but also from the standpoints of economic, social, cultural, psychological as well as civilizational. Humans after all are multiversed beings and South Asians, civilizationally speaking, have tried to remain as such, although the advent of colonialism and modernity or colonial modernity did numb them a little, often making them forget what had united them and what had divided them. But this is as much a methodological issue as it is a theoretical one, supplementing the statist understanding of South Asia with what could be best regarded as post-statist or focusing on the lives and livings of the South Asians. Regionalism in South Asian otherwise may not be promising when it comes to South Asians being political or homo politicus, but this may not be the case when it comes to South Asians being cultural or homo culturicus or for that matter, psychological or homo psycholigicus. And there lies the prospect for a new approach to regionalism in South Asia.
Book Review: Agricultural Value Chain Finance: Tools and Lessons
Authors: Pal Debdatta
Published: January 2017

Calvin Miller and Linda Jones, Agricultural Value Chain Finance: Tools and Lessons, Practical Action Publishing, Warwickshire, 2010
Book Review: India since 1980
Authors: Ahmed Abu Nasar Saied
Published: January 2017

Sumit Ganguly and Rahul Mukherjee, India since 1980, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 2011. ISBN-13: 9780521678049
Booko Review: Inclusive value chains – A pathway out of poverty
Authors: Debnath Kanish
Published: January 2017

Malcolm Harper: Inclusive value chains – A pathway out of poverty. World Scientific, Singapore, 2010, pp. 300
Organising as a strategy to reach precarious and marginalised workers. A review of debates on the role of the political dimension and the dilemmas of representation and solidarity
Authors: Martínez Lucio Miguel , Marino Stefania , Connolly Heather
Published: January 2017

Organising as a trade union strategy has caught the imagination of the labour movement over the past 20 years or so. The vast possibilities of new forms of organising go hand in hand with concern about its highly constrained and sometimes hierarchical use. This article looks at key aspects of the debate, focusing on the question of how new forms of organising reach out to more vulnerable and precarious workers. Similar to other colleagues in the field, we conclude that there are political and organisational gaps in organising strategies and that new forms of organising can in some instances be bureaucratic and apolitical. Furthermore, it is important to extend our understanding of the role of trade unions in relation to the state, organised working class constituencies, and social rights, especially as, with regard to vulnerable workers and their organisations, questions of regulation are highly sensitive and challenging.
Bridging Borders: Toward a Pedagogy of Preparedness for Visiting Faculty
Authors: Mizzi Robert C.
Published: January 2017

This analytical article largely draws on the experiences of visiting faculty teaching at post-secondary institutions overseas. What is largely understood in the literature is that visiting faculty need to navigate the sociocultural, professional, and contextual differences that shape the work context. Drawing on the theory of border pedagogy, this article takes the scholarship further by proposing and elaborating on a pedagogy of preparedness that may help to facilitate visiting faculty acculturation and analyze dominant and marginal narratives in the new work situation. This pedagogy is based on (a) pre-departure learning, (b) deconstruction of transnational teacher and teaching background, and (c) decolonizing learning spaces.
Streptococcus Mutans And The Problem of Heart Cross-Reactivity
Authors: Russell Michael W. , Hongyin Wu
Published: January 2017

Investigations of immune responses to Streptococcus mutans have fostered consideration of vaccination as a possible preventive measure against dental caries. However, the finding that hyperimmune rabbit antisera to S. mutans sometimes give immunofluorescent reactions on human heart raised concerns over safety, especially as most individuals display circulating antibodies to this common oral organism. Recent progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the well-established immunological cross-reactivity between group A streptococci and human heart tissue and the structure of S. mutans antigens permits a re-evaluation of this problem. This review examines the evidence for heart cross-reactivity induced by S. mutans in relation to studies on group A streptococci and current understanding of autoimmunity. Although the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon need further clarification, it now appears that it cannot be ascribed to antigenic similarity between heart tissue and a high-molecular-weight surface protein antigen of S. mutans.
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in the Development of Salivary Glands
Authors: Cutler Leslie S. , Gremski Waldemiro
Published: January 2017

The full expression of both morphogenesis and secretory cell differentiation in salivary glands is modulated or controlled, at least in part, by interactions between the salivary epithelium and the surrounding mesenchyme. Salivary gland morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation are partially linked but independently regulated processes. This presentation reviews the information that establishes the role of various extracellular matrix molecules and direct epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the induction, control, and maintenance of morphogenesis and secretory cell differentiation in salivary glands.
Mastication and its Control by the Brain Stem
Authors: Lund J.P.
Published: January 2017

This review describes the patterns of mandibular movements that make up the whole sequence from ingestion to swallowing food, including the basic types of cycles and their phases. The roles of epithelial, periodontal, articular, and muscular receptors in the control of the movements are discussed. This is followed by a summary of our knowledge of the brain stem neurons that generate the basic pattern of mastication. It is suggested that the production of the rhythm, and of the opener and closer motoneuron bursts, are independent processes that are carried out by different groups of cells. After commenting on the relevent properties of the trigeminal and hypoglossal motoneurons, and of internuerons on the cortico-bulbar and reflex pathways, the way in which the pattern generating neurons modify sensory feedback is discussed.
The Concept of Osseointegration and Bone Matrix Expression
Authors: Stanford Clark M. , Keller John C.
Published: January 2017

Osseointegration has been defined as the direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant. To date, this concept has been described by descriptive histological and ultrastructural criteria but not by biochemical means. This review evaluates the basic science work performed on this concept and then applies the concept to the principle of osseous healing. Specific studies are cited where alterations in the healing response are due to clinical management of implant placement and how studies of surface properties may lead to further insights on implant design and prognosis. In addition, a review of bone expression as a function of in vitro stress applications is given. This is followed by an in-depth review of the collagens and noncollagenous proteins, described to date, within isolated bone matrix. It is this collagenous matrix (especially type I) that is described as being close to and oriented with a glycoprotein component next to the implant surface. In turn, the large family of noncollagenous proteins are important in mediating bone proliferation, matrix accumulation, orientation, mineralization, and turnover. This section is followed by a discussion of specific growth factors as they may relate to osseous healing around an implant.
Viruses and Oral Cancer
Authors: Steele C. , Shillitoe E.J.
Published: January 2017

Oral cancer is a disease with a complex etiology. There is evidence for important roles of smoking, drinking, and genetic susceptibility, as well as strong indications that DNA viruses could be involved. The herpes simplex virus type I has been associated with oral cancer by serological studies, and animal models and in vitro systems have demonstrated that it is capable of inducing oral cancer. Papillomaviruses are found in many oral cancers and are also capable of transforming cells to a malignant phenotype. However, both virus groups depend on co-factors for their carcinogenic effects. Future research on viruses and oral cancer is expected to clarify the role of these viruses, and this will lead to improvements in diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
The Control of Orofacial Movements in Speech
Authors: Smith Anne
Published: January 2017

Rapid, complex movements of orofacial structures are essential to produce the sounds of speech. A central problem in speech production research is to discover the neural sources that generate the control signals supplied to motoneurons during speaking. Speech movement production appears to share organizational principles with other motor behaviors; thus speech movements probably arise from an interaction of centrally generated command signals with sensory information. That speech movements are ultimately linked to the perception of language, however, has led many investigators to suggest that speech movement control involves unique features, features that may be linked to abstract linguistic units.
Central Connections of Trigeminal Primary Afferent Neurons: Topographical and Functional Considerations
Authors: Capra Norman F. , Dessem Dean
Published: January 2017

This article reviews literature relating to the central projection of primary afferent neurons of the trigeminal nerve. After a brief description of the major nuclei associated with the trigeminal nerve, the presentation reviews several early issues related to theories of trigeminal organization including modality and somatotopic representation. Recent studies directed toward further definition of central projection patterns of single nerve branches or nerves supplying specific oral and facial tissues are considered together with data from intraaxonal and intracellular studies that define the projection patterns of single fibers. A presentation of recent immunocytochemical data related to primary afferent fibers is described. Finally, several insights that recent studies shed on early theories of trigeminal input are assessed.
The Role of Retinoids in Normal and Abnormal Embryonic Craniofacial Morphogenesis
Authors: Richman Joy M.
Published: January 2017

The objective of this article is to evaluate the role of retinoids in the developing head and face. This article covers two lines of evidence that strongly support a role for retinoids in craniofacial development. First, the specific effects of exogenous retinoids on the head and face are covered and mechanisms for the specificity discussed. Second, the function of endogenous retinoids in facial development is discussed in relation to the distribution of retinoid-binding substances in the face. Finally, the interaction of retinoids with other genes known to be expressed in the face as well as other factors required for facial growth is discussed.
Effects of Extracellular Matrix Components on Cell Locomotion
Authors: McCarthy J. , Turley E.A.
Published: January 2017

The extracellular matrix (ecm), which is composed of collagens, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, has emerged as an important regulator of cell locomotion. This review describes some of the mechanisms by which the ecm may regulate locomotion, focusing primarily on cell extension and lamellae formation. Ecm-receptor interactions form an important part of cell recognition of ecm. Such interactions can result in altered cell adhesion, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal organization, all of which impact on cell locomotion. It is important to note that although the effects of single ecm components have been studied, generally, the cell is likely to perceive ecm in vivo as a macromolecular complex. It will fall to future work to defme how complexes of ecm regulate cell behavior. Because of our own particular research bias, we focus on reviewing the role of fibronectin, integrins, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan, and hyaluronan receptors in the regulation of cell locomotion and examine their effect on adhesion, signal transduction, and cytoskeletal integrity. Cytoskeleton assembly mechanisms, particularly those that might be regulated by the ecm, are also described. These events are summarized in a working model of ecm-promoted locomotion.
Current Status of Histogenetic and Morphogenetic Concepts of Salivary Gland Tumorigenesis
Authors: Dardick Irving , Burford-Mason Aileen P.
Published: January 2017

Because of their complexity and relative infrequency, salivary gland tumors commonly result in diagnostic problems. Histogenetic and morphogenetic concepts of tumorigenesis in these glands are reviewed and their relevance to routine diagnosis and classification of salivary gland tumors evaluated. Evidence is presented from animal and human studies that under steady-state and pathophysiological conditions, all cell types present in the normal gland, including acinar cells, are capable of rapidly entering the cell cycle and are, therefore, possible targets for neoplastic transformation.
Role of Growth Factors in Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review
Authors: Kiritsy Christopher P. , Lynch Samuel E.
Published: January 2017

The well-orchestrated, complex series of events resulting in the repair of cutaneous wounds are, at least in part, regulated by polypeptide growth factors. This review provides a detailed overview of the known functions, interactions, and mechanisms of action of growth factors in the context of the overall repair process in cutaneous wounds. An overview of the cellular and molecular events involved in soft tissue repair is initially presented, followed by a review of widely studied growth factors and a discussion of commonly utilized preclinical animal models. The article concludes with a summary of the preliminary results from human clinical trials evaluating the effects of growth factors in the healing of chronic skin ulcers. Throughout, the interactions among the growth factors in the wound-healing process are emphasized.
Global advances in oncology pharmacy practice
Authors: Goldspiel Barry R.
Published: January 2017

Representatives from several countries preseno "Global Advances" during the opening session for ISOPP IV. The speakers summarized major phar macy-related accomplishments during the last 2 years. Each speaker shared his or her own unique perspective of oncology pharmacy practice with the ISOPP attendees and gave some insight into particular geographical pharmacy concerns.
Issues in pharmaceutical care and quality assurance
Authors: Bingham Judith M.
Published: January 2017

Pharmaceutical care and quality assurance were discussed during several of the sessions at the Fourth International Symposium on Oncology Pharmacy Practice. Representatives from through out the world presented models of pharmaceuti cal care for oncology practices in their regions. Models included those relevant to the institutional and home care settings. The concepts of quality accountability, continuous quality improvement, the effect of health care on patient outcomes, and quality assurance were also discussed. The role of pharmacists in influencing outcomes and in developing policies to ensure quality in health care delivery were additional topics addressed.
In-Kind Redistribution and Demand-Oriented Housing Subsidies: Some Micro-Simulation Results
Authors: De Borger Bruno
Published: January 2017

In this article I design and simulate three conceptually different demand-oriented housing programs that are largely consistent with a set of normative rules that have been derived from the literature on efficient redistribution. The results suggest that the proposed in-kind transfer programs have desirable characteristics and are much more equitable than existing, construction-oriented public housing programs.
Impact of the Sales Tax Rate on its Base: Evidence from a Small Town
Authors: Mikesell John L. , Zorn C. Kurt
Published: January 2017

Local governments and businesses fear that increased local sales tax rates will induce losses to the local economy, even inducing losses so severe that no additional revenue will result from a higher tax rate. Earlier works by Fisher, Hamovitch, and Mikesell have examined sales loss in metropolitan areas, typically finding significant but not overwhelming effects. Those results do not address the question for small cities and typically are complicated by the expenditure effects resulting from the increased tax revenues. The present analysis uses unique data for a small town to examine the impact of a temporary sales tax rate increase with a retail sales share model. The evidence shows a significant but small sales impact that did not endure (a differential of 1% would lower city sales by 3.07%) and no impact on vendor location. The unfavorable rate differential produced a short-run effect, but not economic disaster.
Public versus Private Water Delivery: Cost Comparisons
Authors: Teeples Ronald , Feigenbaum Susan , Glyer David
Published: January 2017

We respond to criticisms raised by Robert McGuire and Robert Ohsfeldt concerning our comparative cost study of regulated private and public water delivery firms, Review of Economics and Statistics (November 1983). Summary results from our subsequent and ongoing research are included as empirical responses to their econometric questions. Model replications estimated from superior data confirm the 1983 results, that pooling of public-private cost functions cannot be rejected. In addition to conceptually defending our study methodology, we argue that cost comparisons, although difficult, are a legitimate means of assessing effects that alternative ownerships may have on production of water delivery services.
Who Benefits from Indexation?
Authors: Alm James , Zubrow Reuben A.
Published: January 2017

This article analyzes the distributional effects of indexation of the standard deduction, the personal exemption, and the marginal tax rate brackets in the personal income tax. The analysis focuses upon Colorado, a state that enacted full indexation of its personal income tax in 1978. It is found that full indexation is decidedly pro-poor: The percentage reduction in taxes due to indexation falls as income rises, with the percentage reduction nearly four times as great for the lowest income class as for the highest. The factors giving the largest proportional benefit to the lowest-income taxpayers are indexation of the standard deduction and, to a lesser extent, the rate brackets, although the relative importance of the various indexation factors is shown to vary over time.
The Redistributive Effects of Lotteries: Evidence from Canada
Authors: Livernois John R.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this article is to determine the income-redistributive effect of lottery programs in western Canada. This requires estimation of both the tax and the expenditure incidence of lottery profits. Previous research has been limited to measuring the tax incidence. The lotteries examined are found to be regressive in collecting public revenue, but considerably less regressive than the U.S. lotteries examined in the literature. In addition, the distribution of benefits resulting from the expenditure of lottery profits mildly favors upper-income groups. Thus lottery programs in western Canada are a regressive form of income redistribution.
Tax Effects on the Net Income of Wives in Dual-Earner Households, 1980–1983
Authors: Rubin Rose M. , Riney Bobye J. , Johansen Todd
Published: January 2017

The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of changes in the federal income tax structure on net income of wives in dual-earner households between 1980 and 1983. Utilizing the second-earner net income model (SENIM), simulation distributions of net income of married full-time women workers, representing six occupational categories, are calculated for alternative spouse income levels and for households of different sizes. The resulting net income distributions are analyzed by paired comparison t-tests to determine the effects of tax changes on dual-earner households during the first Reagan administration. The findings indicate that the tax changes benefit dual-earner households at all income levels, but that lower-income households receive the least benefit, so that the effects are inequitable.
Location Choice and Urban Growth in a Rent-Seeking Society
Authors: Benson Bruce L. , Faminow M. D.
Published: January 2017

Gordon Tullock suggested that as rent-seeking becomes increasingly important, location choices and urban growth patterns will be affected. Resources should be diverted to cities where government units are most able to grant rents. The implications of this argument are expanded upon using principles of location theory and location-specific growth theory. An empirical test of an urban growth model provides support for Tullock's contentions. By considering rent seeking in the context of location and urban growth models, the implications of the rent-seeking paradigm are extended. Simultaneously, a more complete understanding of relative urban growth rates is gained.
On Aggregate Measures of the Net Redistributive Impact of Taxation and Government Expenditure
Authors: Lambert Peter J. , Pfähler Wilhelm
Published: January 2017

This article develops aggregate measures of the impact upon the distribution of prefisc income of the component parts of the fiscal system, and of the system as a whole. The measures of net redistributive effect, which are based on different types of concentration curves, can be decomposed to explain the separate contributions of taxes, transfers, and government-supplied good income, and can also reveal interactions between these components. This is illustrated using U.S. data. The instrumental roles of tax and expenditure progressivities in determining the net redistributive impact of the fiscal system are specified. It is also demonstrated that a recent theme of the literature, that concerned with measuring net fiscal-incidence progressivity, is inherently problematic and unlikely to reveal useful summary information about the impact of the fiscal system.
A New Measure of Fiscal Privilege
Authors: Das-Gupta A.
Published: January 2017

A new measure of fiscal privilege is proposed which overcomes defects in Hills's earlier “Degree of Fiscal Privilege.” The measure is used to evaluate personal tax treatment of financial assets in India and wide differences in fiscal privilege are documented.
Storytelling in the Age of Big Data:
Authors: Yang Fan , Du Ying Roselyn
Published: January 2017

This exploratory study identifies journalism students’ attitudes, level of cognition and proficiency in data journalism (DJ). A survey of 121 college journalism students in Hong Kong, combined with in-depth interviews, found that: (a) while journalism students are eager to understand what is DJ and its practice, they do not have comprehensive knowledge of data collection, data analysis and interpretation; (b) computational tools are absent from current journalism curricula, which leads to students’ misperception about data usage in news reporting; (c) while students have high willingness for learning DJ, about half of those surveyed expressed a dislike of data work. Gender, year in school and major course of study play a role in the students’ varied perceptions of DJ. Male students mastered more DJ-related knowledge than their female counterparts. Those majoring in Chinese journalism show the least interest in DJ or learning its substance.
Australian Journalists and Commitment to Organisational Change: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Massey Brian L. , Ewart Jacqui
Published: January 2017

This paper investigates the commitment of journalists to change programs, which is a previously unexplored aspect of organisational change. Studies of organisational change in newsrooms have until now focused on journalists' attitudes to change, rather than their commitment to change. This paper draws on the findings of a longitudinal survey of Australian journalists involved in an ongoing corporate change program in order to enrich the literature and theory-building around corporate change in media organisations. The organisational science literature is used to explore whether commitment to change operates among journalists in similar ways to other types of workers. The data are drawn from three annual surveys of journalists in 14 newsrooms operated by the Australian corporation APN News & Media. The paper explores the trajectory of the journalists' commitment to APN's corporate-change program across more than three years of change. Although the study is limited in that it examines only one media organisation's change program, it has implications for those researching in the field of organisational change in newsrooms — particularly at a theoretical level. It also has practical implications for those managing, planning and implementing change at the newsroom level.
H2O: Just Add Branding: Producing High-Quality Children's TV Drama for Multi-Channel Environments
Authors: Ward Susan , Potter Anna
Published: January 2017

This is a case study of the Australian company Jonathan M. Shiff Productions and its ‘tween’ program, action series H2O: Just Add Water. The program has sold in 150 countries including the United States, where it was ‘the first non-American live action to be bought by Nickelodeon in America’ and screens every Sunday night as family entertainment. It is also the highest rating children's drama series on Nickelodeon UK. While Australia's content regulations are important to its production, of critical importance is ZDF Enterprises, the commercial arm of one of Germany's two public service broadcasting channels, and worldwide distributor and production partner for all Jonathan M. Shiff productions. Case studies such as the following provide useful insights into the shape and operations of mediascapes elsewhere, and where our own media environment may be heading. They also offer a glimpse into the way the international market place is organising along forms of cooperation designed to facilitate global distribution of cultural content. A central proposition of this case study is that the structural conditions of multi-channel environments require certain adjustments in form, content and business modelling that have essentially coalesced around the operation of brand management.
‘Where Did That Fokker Come From?’ The Age's Adventures of Naked Man Cartoon Caption Competition
Authors: Lloyd Mike , Jewell Paul
Published: January 2017

The Adventures of Naked Man is a cartoon series that features one naked man in a drawn setting where, because of some convenient object or body position, his penis is obscured from sight. Entrants to the competition submit a caption to complete the drawn setting and, with the obscured penis as their implicit focus, many entrants construct a penis joke. In this article, we show that the apparently simple humour of Naked Man disguises considerable complexity. As well as the traditional gender and power analysis, we note some interesting aspects of contemporary newspaper media, including the appeal of reader engagement in the construction of humorous word play and the incorporation of mildly sexual content.
News in ‘New Media’: An Historical Comparison between the Arrival of Television and Online News in Australia
Authors: Van Heekeren Margaret
Published: January 2017

The quest to identify the ‘new’ in new media has led to recognition of an historical continuity in the technological and cultural circumstances surrounding the introduction of new media forms. A newer area of research is the identification of a similar patterning in the adaptation of content delivery. This article examines news content through a snapshot of two periods in Australian news media history: the arrival of television news in 1956, and the advent of online news in 1995. It finds a repetitive familiarity in the response of newspaper publishers on both occasions in terms of the organisation of news divisions and news delivery, which raises questions about the ability of new media to offer greater diversity of mainstream news content.
The Long Tail of Mother and Son: The Transnational Career of an Australian Situation Comedy
Authors: Turnbull Sue
Published: January 2017

This article challenges the proposition that Australian television comedy does not succeed in overseas markets through a discussion of the transnational career of the ABC sitcom, Mother and Son (1984–94). A brief account of the development of the Australian sitcom up to 1984 is provided, with attention to British and American influences on the Australian genre. Following a close discussion of the comedy operational within the show, an examination of the international sales and adaptations of Mother and Son reveals how the specific tonal qualities of the humour may have been lost in translation or adapted to suit different cultural contexts. The implications of these findings for the transnational career of contemporary Australian comedy are then raised.
‘Mum Likes Bandstand Too’: Creating the Teenage Audience on Australian Television
Authors: Arrow Michelle
Published: January 2017

Television and rock'n'roll both arrived in Australia in 1956, twin symbols of modernity and Americanised consumerism. Television was crucial to the dissemination of rock'n'roll, amplifying its shocks but also rendering it palatable for a broader audience. While it was important in the articulation of the new youth culture, television — unlike film or even radio — had to be more mindful of the familial, domestic context of broadcasting. This article explores the ways in which television networks shaped, and catered to, a teenage audience in the first years of Australian television through an examination of the early teenage music programs, Six O'Clock Rock and Bandstand, with a particular focus on audience responses.
Research Adventures in Web 2.0: Encouraging Collaborative Local Content Creation through Edgex
Authors: Bruns Axel , Humphreys Sal
Published: January 2017

The intersection of current arguments about the role of creative industries in economic development, online user-generated content and the uptake of broadband in economically disadvantaged communities, provides the content for this article. From 2006 to 2008, the authors carried out a research project in Ipswich, Queensland involving local creative practitioners and community groups in their development of edgeX, a web-based platform for content uploads and social networking. The project aimed to explore issues of local identity and community-building through online networking, as well as the possibilities for creating pathways from amateur to professional practice in the creative industries through the auspices of the website. Against a rapidly changing technological environment with problematic implications for research projects aiming to build new online platforms, we present several case studies from the project to illustrate the challenges to participation experienced by people with limited access to, and literacy with, the internet.
‘Generic Misery Music’? Emo and the Problem of Contemporary Youth Culture
Authors: Phillipov Michelle
Published: January 2017

This article examines the Australian newspaper coverage of the Emo youth cultural movement in relation to two incidents that contributed to its growing inclusion in mainstream media discourse: the February 2007 murder of 15-year-old Carly Ryan and the April 2007 suicides of 16-year-old friends Jodie Gater and Stephanie Gestier. The deaths of the three young women were frequently linked to their apparent involvement in the Emo movement, which was described as a dangerous and worrying development in youth culture. However, specific concerns about Emo were frequently subsumed into broader anxieties about young people more generally, particularly in relation to concerns associated with self-harm, unsupervised internet use and school bullying. The disinclination among participants of this movements to identify as Emo or to challenge the media's framing of Emo culture has contributed much to the media's redefinition of Emo as a characteristic of ‘kids today’ rather than a specific subcultural affiliation.
Film, Cinema, Screen
Authors: Ryan Mark David
Published: January 2017

Screen industries around the globe are evolving. While technological change has been slower to take effect upon the Australian film industry than other creative sectors such as music and publishing, all indications suggest that local screen practices are in a process of fundamental change. Fragmenting audiences, the growth of digital video, distribution and exhibition, the potential for entirely new forms of cultural expression, the proliferation of multi-platforms, and the importance of social networking and viral marketing in promoting products are challenging traditional approaches to filmmaking’. Moreover, there has been a marked transition in government policy rationales and funding models in recent years, resulting in the most significant overhaul of public finance structures for the film industry in almost 20 years. Film, Cinema, Screen evaluates the Australian film industry's recent development – particularly in terms of Australian feature film and television series production; it also advocates new approaches to Australian film and addresses critical issues around how screen production globally is changing, with implications for local screen industries.
Rates of Change: Online Distribution as Disruptive Technology in the Film Industry
Authors: Cunningham Stuart , Silver Jon , McDonnell John
Published: January 2017

Much debate in media and communication studies is based on exaggerated opposition between the digital sublime and the digital abject: overly enthusiastic optimism versus determined pessimism over the potential of new technologies. This inhibits the discipline's claims to provide rigorous insight into industry and social change – which is, after all, continuous. Instead of having to decide one way or the other, we need to ask how we study the process of change. This article examines the impact of online distribution in the film industry, particularly addressing the question of rates of change. Are there genuinely new players disrupting the established oligopoly, and if so with what effect? Is there evidence of disruption to, and innovation in, business models? Has cultural change been forced on the incumbents? Outside mainstream Hollywood, where are the new opportunities and the new players? What is the situation in Australia?
Coming Soon (to a Theatre near You): The Temporality of Global Film Distribution to Australia
Authors: Verhoeven Deb
Published: January 2017

This article explores the changing contexts of international film exhibition in Australia over a 20-year period (1989–2009) by examining in some empirical detail Australia's position in the global flow of films during this time. It argues that, at the most abstract level, distributors are engaged in the management and mediation of time and space in the field of global communications. It is proposed that distributors, through the organisation of temporal differentiation, are explicitly active in the creation of both cultural and commodity value. This is particularly apparent as film distributors explore and engage new methodologies of film release, which emphasise overlapping, intersecting and contradictory temporalities in the cinema experience.
Drinkwise, Enjoy Responsibly: News Frames, Branding and Alcohol
Authors: Carah Nicholas , van Horen Andrew
Published: January 2017

This article examines the communicative activities and press coverage of the alcohol industry-funded social-change organisation DrinkWise. Established in 2005, DrinkWise funds health research in universities, runs public health campaigns and engages in public relations activities. We use a framing analysis to examine the way DrinkWise frames problems, judgements and solutions related to alcohol consumption and policy. The aim of this analysis is to examine how journalistic practice legitimises DrinkWise and facilitates the organisation's communicative activities. In addition, we consider how DrinkWise's representation in the press works alongside the organisation's array of communicative activities to facilitate the commercial objectives of the alcohol industry. We draw on the implications of this analysis to conceptualise how distinct forms of communicative work – such as academic research, policy-making, journalism and marketing, advertising and public relations – are interconnected.
High-Stakes Television: Fan Engagement, Market Literacy and the Battle for Sports Content
Authors: Scibilia Michael , Hutchins Brett
Published: January 2017

Televised on Network Ten's new digital multi-channel One HD in April 2010, the Foot Locker Elite Classic – High Stakes Hoops (HSH) was a one-off made-for-television event. Highlighting an intersection between media policy decisions, fan culture and sports media, this basketball tournament is an unlikely source of insight into the contemporary media marketplace. The event was born out of changing television industry conditions. It served the mutual dependencies of a media-starved sport in Australia – basketball – and a brand new commercial network digital multi-channel, One HD, that required extensive content to fill its 24-hour, seven-day-a-week schedule. One HD was launched by Network Ten in 2009, and competes with the specialist pay television provider Fox Sports. This article argues that it was knowledge of these broader television market conditions that significantly informed the staging and collective meaning of HSH for many fans, rather than just the quality of the play or the teams taking part. Media sport market literacy – discussion about the business and strategic value of television and media coverage – is now an under-acknowledged but important part of fan discussion.
Blogging as ‘Recoding’: A Case Study of the Discursive War over the Sinking of the Cheonan
Authors: Kim Yeran , Jeong Irkwon , Khang Hyoungkoo , Kim Bomi
Published: January 2017

This article explores how Korean bloggers, in contestation, participate in the social structure of communication and potentially transform it through their vernacular practices of decoding and recoding in the blogosphere. As a neo-liberal regime has been established, citizens practise discursive politics in a seemingly democratic and technologically advanced society that is actually a coercive-controlled communication system. Through the analysis of news blogs on the Cheonan disaster, it is suggested that a majority of bloggers are seen to utilise news media stories to gain leverage for their points of view or to provide counter-arguments against the dominant frames generated by the established news media. The critical reframing of the digital network in Korean society allows a reflexive reading of the Korean digital wave, which should be contextualised within generation politics, economic polarisation and ideological contestation. In order to avoid a nationalistic celebration of the IT power of the country, citizens' digital media practices are analysed as contributions to the democratisation of the public sphere and the enhancement of social openness and participation in the digitised arena of discursive politics.
Interrogating ‘Digital Korea’: Mobile Phone Tracking and the Spatial Expansion of Labour Control
Authors: Lee Kwang-Suk
Published: January 2017

This study investigates the realistic conditions of ‘digital Korea’, especially as they are exemplified by the Samsung SDI scandal in South Korea. Samsung SDI, the world's largest plasma TV maker and a subsidiary of the Samsung Group, has fallen under suspicion due to using illegally cloned mobile phones to track the location data of some activist workers who tried to organise a union. The study stresses that this example of mobile tracking represents the shady side of mobile phone use created by management's excessive desire for labour control, and confirms that mobile tracking techniques make possible the spatial expansion of the scope of power. The spatial vocabulary of power is not totalitarian, but dispersed and nomadic in action, and resides in the space of ‘flows’ constructed by electronic impulses. This study discloses that, for private corporations, mobile tracking facilitates a form of efficient, invisible labour control over ‘targeted’ workers, even outside the workplace. It concludes that the control of labourers in Korea has been reinforced by the confluence of business interests, the under-developed political system and a societal lack of interest in privacy.
Reflections on MIA on the Occasion of its 150th Issue
Authors: Turner Graeme
Published: January 2017

Graeme Turner was MIA's editor from 1998 until 2002, establishing the newly merged Media International Australia Incorporating Culture and Policy in its new home at the Key Centre for Cultural and Media Policy at Griffith University in Brisbane.
The Northern Territory Press
Authors: Hamilton Stephen , Carment David
Published: January 2017

The history of print media in the Northern Territory is one of parish pumps and media moguls, Cold War tensions and human rights crusades. Locally printed and published newspapers have been pivotal to the development of a Northern Territory identity and the cultivation of the Territory's sense of difference from the rest of Australia. From the earliest newspapers – part news-sheet, part government gazette – to the colourful online edition of the NT News, the Territory has been defined by its press and has in turn defined it, in response to its remoteness and to its increasing non-Indigenous population. This article provides a brief overview of the Northern Territory press, the history of which remains poorly documented.
Seismic Shifts: Platforms, Content Creators and Spreadable Media
Authors: Ellingsen Steinar
Published: January 2017

While traditional media are grappling with an increasingly fragmented audience and (the further threat of) declining revenue, some players are excelling in the new landscape. The increasing popularity of Netflix and other online broadcasters and platforms is signalling seismic shifts in the way that content is created, consumed and distributed/circulated. As part of this shift towards what Chuck Tryon (2013) broadly describes as an ‘on-demand culture’, we are experiencing an accelerating trend in which digital platforms are beginning to act as TV networks, and amidst this transition independent content creators are empowered by the flexibility of digital media and the proliferation of funding and release possibilities.
‘Let's Get a Bit of Context’: Fifty Shades and the Phenomenon of ‘Pulling to Publish’ in Twilight Fan Fiction
Authors: Brennan Joseph , Large David
Published: January 2017

The publishing success of E.L. James' Fifty Shades of Grey, a series with origins as Twilight fan fiction, has energised popular interest in the practice of writing fan fiction (or ‘fanfics’). Equally, however, the series' popularity has fuelled debate on the ethics of its commercial publication. This article highlights the divisive and polarising phenomenon of ‘pulling to publish’ in the Twilight fandom. ‘Pulling to publish’ refers to the process of rewriting and republishing for profit a work that was inspired by another's intellectual property, and collaboratively edited by unpaid volunteers – the majority of whom would have expected the edited work to be freely available in perpetuity. Among other relevant case studies, this article examines a critical instance of pseudonymous online protest, challenge and defence between James and another well-known fanfic writer, coinciding with the March 2011 announcement that Fifty Shades would be commercially published. Several critiques of fanfic commercialisation are contextualised by a critical reading of the ‘official’ publication history of Fifty Shades, revealing the incompatibility of two self-constructed fan identities: the faithful and the opportunistic.
Population and Publics in the Indian Communication Society
Authors: Ståhlberg Per
Published: January 2017

In post-liberalised India, the vast population is regarded as an enormous resource to be exploited as labourers, consumers or for their knowledge. A feature of the new media economy is that newspapers, mobile phones and TV shows are not exclusively produced for the better-off among an urban middle class and, furthermore, that the mass media are increasingly making use of ‘common people’ and their lives in a multitude of places as media content. The subject of this article is whether or not this obsession with the population should be urging us to rethink the Indian media landscape in analytical terms. ‘A public’, Michael Warner argues, is a reflexive relation among strangers, constituted by attention. If the Indian population is now addressed in various new ways, is it time to reconsider the old ‘truth’ that India is an unfit case for discussions about publics?