bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of pro-Vitamin A biofortified maize genotypes to Sitophilus zeamais (Mots) in Ghana
Authors:   Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Boamah ED , Osekre EA ,   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Afun JVK , Amoah RA
Published: July 2023

Pro-Vitamin A Biofortified maize is one of the crops with the cheapest and most sustainable option for preventing Vitamin A deficiency in humans in Ghana. It is also a key energy component of feed for layer chicken, forming about 60-70% of the total feed. Sitophilus zeamais is one of the most serious primary internal feeding pests of maize and other grains in sub-Saharan Africa. It causes both quantitative and qualitative grain losses. Two no - choice laboratory experiments in 112 days cumulative feeding of S. zeamais and 60 days susceptibility of six pro-Vitamin A Biofortified Maize (PVABM) genotypes to the insect were conducted. The experimental designs were Completely Randomized Design in four replications. Percentage grain damage and weight loss were significantly lower (P<0.05) in Aburokokoo than the other genotypes. Significantly more S. zeamais emerged from Accession GH2354 which also had significant (P<0.05) higher percentage grain damage than other genotypes. In the 60-day susceptibility experiment, grain hardness had significant (P<0.05) negative correlation with F1 progeny, index of susceptibility and protein content but positive significant correlation with median development period. Large number of S. zeamais F1 progeny, high susceptibility index, high protein, low total carbohydrate content, short median development time with low grain hardness value were observed on accession GH2354. Aburokokoo had significantly (P<0.05) small number of F1 progeny, low index of susceptibility, low protein and high total carbohydrate, long development period and intermediate value of grain hardness. The ascending order of grain hardness among the maize genotypes was GH2354<Obatanpa <Aburokokoo<Abontem<Honampa<Ahoodzin. There was no relationship between grain length, width and thickness and grain susceptibility. A cluster dendrogram obtained from the maize genotypes with regard to resistance parameters to S. zeamais showed that accession GH2354 and Obatanpa-QPM were susceptible, Ahoodzin, Honampa and Abontem were moderately resistant, with Aburokokoo resistant to the maize weevil infestation. Key words: Biofortified maize, stored produce, insect pest, Vitamin A deficiency, grain damage
Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Solving the Large-Scale Global Optimization Problems
Authors: Vakhnin A.V. , Sopov E.A. , Rurich M.A.
Published: July 2023

When solving applied problems in various areas of human activity, the need appears to find the best set of parameters according to the given criterion. Usually such a problem is being formulated as a parametric optimization problem. The paper considers optimization problems represented by the black-box model. As such problems dimension grows, it becomes difficult to find a satisfactory solution for many traditional optimization approaches even with a significant increase in the number of objective function calculations. A new hybrid evolutionary method in coordinating the self-adjusting coevolution algorithms with the COSACC-LS1 local search is proposed to solve the problems of global material optimization of the extra-large dimension. COSACC-LS1 is based on the idea of the computing resources automatic allocation between a group of self-tuning differential evolution algorithms based on coevolution and local search algorithm. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was evaluated on 15 reference test problems from the LSGO CE 2013 set. Results of the COSACC-LS1-based algorithm were compared with a number of modern metaheuristic algorithms that were designed specifically for solving the very large-scale optimization problems and were the winners and prize-winners in the optimization competitions conducted within the framework of the IEEE CEC. With the help of numerical experiments, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is better than most other popular algorithms according to the average accuracy criterion of the solution found
Influence of Friction and Elastic Shape Recovery on the Development of Corrugations under Oblique Plate Compression in Die Tooling
Authors: Tarasov V.A. , Baskakov V.D. , Boyarskiy D.S. , Gerasimov N.V. , Baburin M.A. , Karnaukhov K.A.
Published: July 2023

Reshaping the corner-shaped parts is an urgent technical problem making it possible to provide wall thickening at the top by compressing the artificially created excess metal in the shelves of the semi-finished product. However, shelf compression is accompanied by formation of the corrugations, which are partially deflected by the die planes and remain in the waviness form after the load is removed. Regularities in the corrugations development during the shelves’ compression were established and primarily dependence on the friction forces acting on the die boundary surfaces, which is necessary to comply with the requirements to the workpiece shelves waviness. The workpiece shelves’ compression was simulated by compression of a plate placed obliquely in the die cavity. It is shown that the number of corrugations increases with the compression stress growth. The corrugations amplitude also increases during compression. When corrugations and die walls are in contiguity, contact stresses and friction forces act on the deformable plate. This shields the compression force action in the plate behind the contact point. Localization of deformations in the area in front of the contact point contributes to an increase in the thickness of the angle-shaped workpiece during reshaping. It was established that the residual waviness was non-uniform over the plate, and was associated with the deformation area localization, and was proportional to the initial gap
Selection of the Diffuser Type and Optimization of the Flow Path Part of a Low Speed Multistage Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Klyuyev A.S. , Fedorov S.P. , Ivanov E.A. , Zharkovskiy A.A. , Borshchev I.O.
Published: July 2023

The issue of ensuring high energy efficiency of high-power pumps is relevant, since an in-crease in hydraulic efficiency of such pump flow parts leads to significant savings in the operation costs. Introduction of digital simulation technologies for the viscous fluid flow makes it possible to optimize geometry of the flow path elements at the design stage and predict pump characteristics with sufficient degree of accuracy. The main elements influencing characteristics of the multi-stage pumps flow parts include impellers and taps. Most often, vane and channel diffusers are used as retractors in the multistage pumps. Results of designing and optimizing flow parts of the low speed multistage centrifugal pump with both types of diffusers are presented, as well as predictive characteristics of pumps obtained using the computational fluid dynamics methods. Hydraulic efficiency of a stage with the channel-type guide (optimized version) is by 0.3 % higher than the efficiency of a stage with the vane-type guide. Both optimized flow paths have a non-sinking nature of pressure characteristics in the low flow region. The pump stage with the channel-type guide has a smaller radial overall dimension than the stage with the vane diffuser = 0.88) and higher design manufacturability. It was found that the most preferable option for the feed electric pump stage with the ns = 85 speed factor is the optimized flow path with the channel-type diffuser
Adolescencia, matrimonio y familia : un estudio interdisciplinario
Authors: Rodríguez Iturri Roger
Published: July 2023

Es una exhaustiva reflexión jurídica, moral y social a propósito de la excepcional trascendencia del matrimonio y la familia. Centra su atención en estudiar el tema del «alto riesgo» al que están expuestos los matrimonios contraídos por adolescentes. La obra constituye en esencia una marcada reflexión crítica sobre el sistema tradicional de ingreso al matrimonio.
Crónica del Perú : segunda parte
Authors: de Cieza de León Pedro , Maticorena Estrada Miguel , Pease G.Y. Franklin
Published: July 2023

Tradicionalmente, la Segunda Parte de la Crónica del Perú se conoce bajo el título de Señorío de los Incas. Pese a que el título no le haya sido otorgado por su autor -quien, más bien, la dejó inédita en el momento de su prematura desaparición- sintetiza eficazmente el contenido, como el mismo Cieza de León lo expuso en el Proemio de la Primera Parte (Sevilla, 15 5 3) La edición que presentamos posee una novedad muy particular con respecto a las ediciones ya conocidas desde el siglo pasado, tanto en España corno en América Latina: se basa en el estudio y transcripción de un manuscrito inédito hasta ahora desconocido, hallado por la profesora italiana Francesca Cantil en la Biblioteca Apostólica Vaticana.
Guamán Poma, autor y artista
Authors: López-Baralt Mercedes
Published: July 2023

Desde que se descubriera su manuscrito en 1908, la Nueva Crónica y buen gobierno de Guamán Poma de Ayala (1615), se convirtió en fuente primaria para los estudiosos del Perú prehispánico y colonial. Sólo recientemente se ha comenzado a mirar el texto -tanto verbal como visual- como constructo-literario y artístico. A explorar este fin va dirigido este libro. Para que no olvidemos que -junto al etnógrafo, al historiador, al predicador, al polemista, al escribano, al político-, hay un hombre de letras que es también un artista de formación esmerada.
Situación de la democracia en el Perú (2000-2001)
Authors: Ames Rolando , Bernales Ballesteros Enrique , López Sinesio , Roncagliolo Rafael
Published: July 2023

Este libro presenta el resultado de un trabajo promovido por IDEA, una organización internacional con sede en Estocolmo, conformada por Estados nacionales y organismos multilaterales, interesada en la elaboración de instrumentos que permitan evaluar y comparar el estado real de la democracia en el mundo y sus avances. En una fase primera, desarrollada en el año 2000, IDEA eligió una muestra inicial de ocho países, entre ellos el Perú. Un grupo de expertos contestó un cuestionario idéntico, tanto informativo como valoración. Esta publicación entrega las respuestas a ese cuestionario para el caso peruano, elaborado por los autores a quienes IDEA hizo encargo.
La soledad sonora : voces poéticas del Perú e Hispanoamérica
Authors: Ferrari Américo
Published: July 2023

Los ensayos, notas y reseñas reunidos en este volumen, constituyen una selección de lo escrito por el autor en los tres últimos decenios del siglo que pasó sobre poetas y narradores-poetas hispanoamericanos con una presencia, mucho más marcada de la poesía peruana.
Historiografía occidental : un tránsito por los predios de Clio
Authors: Regalado de Hurtado Liliana
Published: July 2023

En Historiografía occidental. Un tránsito por los predios de Clío de Liliana Regalado de Hurtado se busca desentrañar el concepto pero además se hace una revisión del desarrollo de la historiografía occidental y toda su complejidad desde los orígenes de la disciplina histórica hasta nuestros días, enfatizando sus cambios y la formación de escuelas y tendencias historiográficas. El libro abarca las definiciones de historiografía, su campo de estudio, así como sus métodos y herramientas de análisis. Asimismo aborda los diversos momentos de la actividad historiográfica: desde los grandes maestros de la antigüedad como Herodoto, Tucídides y Jenofonte, hasta las nuevas tendencias, enfoques y puntos de vista pasando por la historiografía renacentista, la perspectiva humanista, los cronistas de la conquista, la razón, los iluministas, la construcción científica de la historia, el siglo XIX, el positivismo, el determinismo, la escuela francesa, el empirismo, el marxismo, la historia económica, la influencia antropológica la etnohistoria, el estructuralismo y la interdisciplinariedad.
El sujeto en el corazón de la vida social : introducción a la sociología de Alain Touraine
Authors: Sulmont Denis
Published: July 2023

En este libro, Denis Sulmont nos aproximas en terminos didacticos a la compleja obra de Alain Touraine. El texto es asi material útil tanto como para el investigador académico como para el lector que busca acercarse a los retos y los conflictos de nuestra época a través de una mirada y un método que toma como referencia central a la persona humana, que se construye como sujeto y actor en la vida social. Tomando como punto de partida la sociología del trabajo y la acción colectiva en la sociedad industrial, esta obra profundiza conceptos como "movimiento social", "historicidad", "conflicto social", y "coampo de accion histórica", que sirven como instrumentos de análisis tanto como para el complejo panorama mundial como para América Latina, region con la cual Touraine tuvo un especial acercamiento.
Conceptual Metaphor Analysis in the Dreams, Spelled in Poetry
Authors: Safira Rizqiyah
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the widely used metaphors and analyze the meanings that construct the reality of 'life' in the literary work entitled Dreams, Spelled in Poetry (2021) by Helena Natasha. Poetry data taken is a collection of poems with the theme 'The Call.' The method used by the researcher is descriptive qualitative and combines two theories; the first is to identify the types of metaphors used by the poet in the poem with the theme 'The Call,' the researcher uses the theory of Lakoff and Johnson (2003) and to analyze the conceptual metaphors that shape reality. The 'life' reflected in the researcher's poetry uses the theory of Kovecses (2007). Correspondence elaboration or concept mapping is used to conceptualize the relationship between the source domain and the target domain to construct the reality of 'life.' This study tries to conduct a cognitive semantic study of the concept of life in Helena Natasha's poetry from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The analysis result shows that the type of metaphor used by Helena Natasha in the poem with the theme The Call is dominated by ontology metaphors with fifteen data. Furthermore, the author managed to find two concepts contained in the poem with the theme ‘The Call’ that succeeded in shaping the reality of 'life,' namely, AMBITION IS FIRE/LIGHT, and LIFE IS A JOURNEY.The researcher suggests that future research expand the concept formed in a poem other than the concept of 'life' by Chairil Anwar.
“Oh Ai Yad…”: Dysarthria Speech Disorder of Luis in The Accessible Van Life Channel
Authors: Lathifah Fatinatu
Published: July 2023

Several speech disorders can interfere with the listener’s understanding in people with dysarthria. Previous research on dysarthria still covers the type and characteristics of speech. Therefore, an in-depth analysis is also needed of the phonological processes. This study aimed to find out the types of dysarthria and analyze the language disorders experienced by Luis on the YouTube channel The Accessible Van Life. This study describes Luis as suffering from dysarthria caused by severe traumatic brain injury. The data is in the form of utterances spoken by Luis on the YouTube channel The Accessible Van Life. Data analysis used the theory of Duffy (2013) to analyze the types of dysarthria. The analysis of language disorder is based on Lanier’s theory (2010), and the phonological processes is based on Waengler (2012). The results of this study indicate that there are four types of dysarthria experienced by Luis, namely hypokinetic, hyperkinetic, flaccid, and spastic. The problem that dominates Luis’s dysarthria is hypokinetic. In addition, Luis experienced language disorders in articulation, fluency, and voice, with the most dominating effect is on articulation damage. The most dominant phonological disorder in Luis’s speech is the final consonant syllable phonological disorder. This finding can be used as a reference for further studies to understand the speech disorder of dysathria sufferers.
PRAKTIK BAY'US SALAM DI MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN MAKARTI JAYA KABUPATEN BANYUASIN SUMATERA SELATAN (Kajian Living Hadis)
Authors: Rica Rica , Hasanah Uswatun , Nadhiran Hedhri
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This paper aims to find out how the concept of bay'us salam in the hadith of the Prophet, as well as how the practice of bay'us salam is carried out by the community in Makarti Jaya Village and what is the motivation of the community in doing bay'us salam. This research is a qualitative research with the study of living hadith and uses social theory, namely the ERG motivation theory. Based on the research that has been carried out, it was found that first, the concept of bay'us salam in the hadith of the Prophet is a sale and purchase whose properties are mentioned, while the goods are still under the responsibility of the seller, and the delivery is at the agreed time. Second, bay'us salam carried out by the people of Makarti Jaya Village has experienced several developments such as the existence of DP money as a payment system. Third, people's motivation to do bay'us salam is influenced by several factors including geographical location, mutual assistance, traditions, fulfillment of needs and following trends.

Keywords: Motivation, Bay‘us Salam, Hadith

 

Abstrak

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsep bay‘us salam dalam hadis Nabi, serta bagaimana praktik bay‘us salam yang dilakukan masyarakat di Kelurahan Makarti Jaya dan apa motivasi masyarakat dalam melakukan bay‘us  salam tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif berupa kajian living hadis dengan menggunakan teori motivasi ERG sebagai alat analisis. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa pertama, konsep bay‘us salam dalam hadis Nabi merupakan jual beli yang disebutkan sifat-sifatnya, sedangkan barang tersebut masih dalam tanggungan penjual, dan penyerahannya pada waktu yang telah disepakati. Kedua, bay‘us salam yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Kelurahan Makarti Jaya mengalami beberapa perkembangan seperti adanya uang DP sebagai sistem pembayaran. Ketiga, motivasi masyarakat melakukan bay‘us salam dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya yaitu letak geografis, saling bantu, tradisi, pemenuhan kebutuhan dan mengikuti trend.
HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN RASULULLAH SAW DENGAN DIET ZAMAN SEKARANG
Authors: Amaliah Luthfiah , Muhajirin Muhajirin , Almunadi Almunadi
Published: July 2023

Diet greatly affects a person's quality of life. The implementation of the wrong diet can have a negative impact on the body, one of which is obesity. Efforts to regulate diet in order to maintain health and control body weight are known as diets. As time goes by, diet methods are always undergoing updates. However, there are some dietary methods that contradict the Qur'an and hadith, such as diets by eating only vegetables, diets by not eating food at all and other extreme dietary methods. The method used is library research, data collection by searching for sources and reconstructing from various sources such as books, journals, and existing research. The diet of the Prophet Muhammad includes the correct diet method. So that by applying it in everyday life, it will make it easier not to overdo it in consuming food and drinks. 

Keywords: Diet, Diet, Hadith

Abstrak

Pola makan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang. Penerapan pola makan yang salah dapat berdampak negatif pada tubuh, salah satunya adalah obesitas. Upaya mengatur pola makan agar dapat menjaga kesehatan dan mengontrol berat badan dikenal dengan istilah diet. Seiring berjalannya waktu, metode diet selalu mengalami pembaharuan. Namun ada beberapa metode diet yang bertentangan dengan al-Qur’an dan hadis, seperti diet dengan hanya memakan sayur-sayuran, diet dengan tidak makan makanan sama sekali dan metode diet ekstrim lainnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka (library research), pengumpulan data dengan cara mencari sumber dan merkontruksi dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan riset-riset yang sudah ada. Pola makan Rasulullah SAW termasuk metode diet yang benar. Sehingga dengan mengaplikasikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, maka akan memudahkan untuk tidak berlebihan dalam mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman.
Pemahaman Hadis Tawassul: Analisis Pro-Kontra Tawassul dengan Dzat Seseorang
Authors: Zulfikar Eko , Hendro Beko , Takrip Muhamad , Kher Abdul
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the pros and cons of opinions regarding the hadith regarding tawassul with one's essence. By using a qualitative descriptive analytical method, this paper concludes that opinions that are against tawassul to the essence of the pious and to the lovers of Allah, are considered the same as the attitude of disbelievers when worshiping idols which they consider an intermediary to Allah. Therefore, this counter group considers it an act of shirk and bid'ah. While the group that allows tawassul has many arguments that in general they have high respect for pious people. So the midpoint of these pros and cons, namely love for pious people, is appropriate, because through them Muslims can get to know religion, so that opinions that are against tawassul become refuted
Unsur Balaghah dalam Surah al-Qari’ah (Telaah Kitab Safwah al-Tafassir)
Authors: Nastiar Muhammad Addien
Published: July 2023

The Mufassirins have done many interpretations of the Quran, with the various methods they use. One of the sciences that supports the interpretation of the Qur'an is the science of Balaghah. Balaghah serves to explain the meaning contained in the Arabic language used by the Quran. Balaghah also plays a role in the beauty contained in a verse. The book of Shafwatut Tafasir was written by Sheikh Ali Ash-Shabuni, one of the supporting aspects in its interpretation is Balaghah. This article will discuss the analysis of the balaghah of surah al-Qari'ah in the book of Shafwatut Tafasir. Surah al-Qari'ah generally discusses the Day of Judgment. This article aims to discuss the depth of meaning and beauty of language in the surah al-Qari'ah by referring to the book of Shafwatut Tafasir. And with this article, it is hoped that Muslims will become more acquainted with the science of interpretation and understand the Quran well by referring to the interpretation of the Mufasirins. So, that Muslims avoid misunderstandings and can use the Quran as a guide for life and can achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter.
The US National Strategy on Countering Domestic Terrorism as Model for the EU
Authors: Leidig Eviane , van Mieghem Charlie
Published: July 2023

In this Policy Brief, we highlight the US Strategy as a blueprint for improving the EU counter-terrorism model and identify four shared areas in these frameworks: 1) Information gathering, 2) Prevention, 3) Enforcement, and 4) Building resilience. We recommend that the US and EU could mutually learn from one another’s approaches on issues such as multi-agency cooperation, regulation of technology companies, and countering dis/misinformation. Both the US and the EU counter-terrorism agendas should furthermore apply a gender lens throughout their respective strategies in order to ensure more nuanced and accurate programming.
The 10th Anniversary of the Global Counterterrorism Forum: Time to Outgrow the Adolescence
Authors: van Ginkel Bibi
Published: July 2023

In the policy brief, the author reflects on the achievements of the GCTF, and the added value of the Forum in the international CT landscape. Four key challenges are highlighted that relate to the effectiveness of the GCTF, the eroding commitment of GCTF Members, the challenges to the legitimacy of the GCTF, and the lack of inclusiveness. Subsequently recommendations are offered with several concrete proposals to address these challenges, that can assist in keeping the GCTF fit for purpose also in the next decade.
Militia Violent Extremists in the United States: Understanding the Evolution of the Threat
Authors: Gartenstein-Ross Daveed , P. Clarke Colin , Hogdson Samuel
Published: July 2023

Militia violent extremists (MVEs) pose a growing threat within the United States. MVEs were the most prominent and well-organised participants in the January 6, 2021 attack on the US Capitol and have plotted numerous acts of lethal violence against law enforcement, government officials, and civilians in the past decade. MVEs are motivated by a belief that private citizens must use violence to resist government overreach, combat purported tyranny, or maintain law and order. While participants in the broader militia movement embrace similar beliefs, MVEs are distinguished by their willingness to carry out violence. MVEs typically organise in small local or regional militias, though many movement participants do not affiliate with a specific organisation. The modern militia movement developed at the end of the twentieth century, but social media has transformed the movement's structure and fuelled its growth. Movement members have organised loose umbrella networks at the national level, most notably the Oath Keepers and Three Percenters, while others have coalesced around specific memes or ideas, including the accelerationist Boogaloo movement, border defence, opposition to federal stewardship of public land, and opposition to COVID-19 public health measures. MVE violence has been similarly diverse. In addition to the attack on the US Capitol, MVEs have attempted to kill law enforcement officers, plotted to kidnap government officials, and engaged in multiple standoffs with law enforcement in response to government action. Because the MVE movement is largely domestic, US policymakers have several options for countering this threat. The US government can limit radicalisation through transparency around its domestic activity, thereby countering the anti-authority sentiments and conspiracy theories that fuel the movement. Further, federal legislation targeting militia activity and improved counter-extremism training can provide law enforcement with the tools necessary to address MVE-linked criminal activity.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEMPE PRODUCT MADE FROM KORO IN THE VILLAGE OF BANJARSENGON, PATRANG, JEMBER
Authors: Suwasono Sony , Jayus Jayus , Sari Puspita
Published: July 2023

Patrang sub-district consists of 8 villages, namely Gebang, Jember Lor, Patrang, Baratan, Bintoro, Slawu, Jumerto, and Banjar Sengon. Banjarsengon Village is the farthest village from the Patrang District office + 7 km with an area of ​​about 14 km2. Until 2020, there are only a few food and beverage industries located in Patrang District, namely the shredded and milk industry in Gebang, and the tempeh industry in Baratan. However, there is no food and beverage industry in Banjar Sengon yet. This is very interesting because Banjar Sengon is a village that has the potential of human and natural resources. The tempeh industry is also not found, even though tempeh is widely consumed by the people in Banjar Sengon. Tempeh prices are getting more expensive in early 2022 due to high soybean prices. Due to the current difficulty in supplying expensive soybeans, several tofu and tempeh producers have begun to reduce production or stop production. This limitation of soybeans causes big problems for people who are usually consuming tofu and tempeh. Therefore, alternative types of koro beans must be provided to replace non-soybean raw materials. In this community service activity, the team has introduced koro beans as the raw material for making tempeh with a slight modification in the fermentation process. The results show that tempeh from koro gave high scores on performance, arome, taste, and texture, although the scores are still lower than soybean tempeh
Methods for cutaneous penetration assessment of organic UV filters - a review
Authors: Quintas Balla Débora , Vitorino de Souza Neto Alicio , Miliani Martinez Renata , de Almeida Hübner Alexandra , Rosado Catarina , Rolim Baby André , Vieira Lima Fabiana
Published: July 2023

Sunscreens are currently considered cosmetic assets and their use has considerably increased since consumers have become greatly aware of the damages induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin, such as premature aging and cancer. However, concerns have arisen over the percutaneous absorption of UV filters. In order to ensure both efficacy and safety, sunscreens need to remain in the outermost layers of the stratum corneum, because their penetration into the dermis can cause systemic effects. Herein, a review was conducted of specialized literature published between 2000 to 2020, clustering studies focused on the skin penetration of UV filters. In this context, different in vitro and in vivo methodologies employed to assess the penetration of such compounds are highlighted, such as those based on tape stripping and diffusion cells. When combined with analytical methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, it is possible to trace a profile of the penetration of UV filters and elucidate factors that interfere with this phenomenon. Moreover, studies have been carried out on dissemination strategies that aim to encapsulate the molecules of UV filters, and/or change their physicochemical characteristics, in effort to increase the efficacy and safety of these formulations. Keywords: Franz cell; sunscreens; percutaneous penetration; tape stripping
Comparative Study on the Curriculum of Elementary Social Studies in Korea and Taiwan of the Japanese colonial era : As the Structural-Functionalism of Parsons.T
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Han Soohyeon
Published: July 2023

[Purpose]This study finds that despite the historical similarities between Korea and Taiwan, which were under Japanese rule at a similar time, there is a difference in the majority's feelings toward Japan. The reason for this discrepancy was discovered in the composition of curricula and methods of textbook technology. Therefore, a study was conducted to examine the functional relationship between education and society through comparative analysis.
[Methods]To achieve the objectives of this study, a literature review was conducted. As a theoretical framework for the analysis, the study examined the structural and functional aspects of both countries, taking into account their respective historical backgrounds. In addition, a comparative analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between social conditions, curriculum, textbooks, and classroom management.
[Results] The main findings are as follows. First, the social-structural discourse influences the criteria for selecting educational content. Second, the difference in technology method of related content in textbook, according to historical and social context. Third, the emphasis on curriculum and technological methods may also vary depending on the changes in social discourse.
[Conclusion]In summary, the comparative analysis of the historical backgrounds and contexts of the two countries, together with the study of the curricula, confirmed the complementary relationship between national and social discourse and the curriculum. Especially in Korea, where accredited social textbooks for 5th-6th grade will be introduced from 2023, this study is significant as it highlights the influence of curriculum and textbook presentation on students and social discourse. It also provides recommendations for improving curriculum and textbooks.
The Relations of Learning Goal Orientations to Learning Flow for Mongolian Secondary School Students: The Mediating Roles of Learning Motivation
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Myanlai Munkhtsetseg , Lim Sungtaek , Hong Song-Ee
Published: July 2023

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the relations of Mongolian middle and high school students’ Learning Goal Orientation Types to Learning Flow, and mediating roles of Learning Motivation Types in the relations.
[Methods] The subjects were 500 middle and high school students (male students 49%, female students 51%) from 5 schools located in Ulaanbaatar city and provincial areas. Statistical analyses and SEM(Structural Equation Modeling) was performed using SPSS 26 and Amos 26.
[Results] Only mastery-approach goal orientation has the direct effect to learning flow indicating that the learning goal that is oriented to mastery-approach is associated with the higher level of increasing flow. On the other hand, performance learning goal has indirect effects to learning flow with both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Finally, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations have the positive relationships with learning flow.
[Conclusion] This study shows that the higher levels of mastery-approach goal orientation, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are associated with the higher levels of learning flow, and that learning motivation, especially, intrinsic motivation is the key controller of learning flow in the condition of given learning goal orientations.
Achieving fast and stable Li+ transport in lithium-sulfur battery via a high ionic conduction and high adhesion solid polymer electrolyte
Authors: Cui Ximing , Wang Xiaohui , Pan Qinmin
Published: July 2023

Solid-state lithium (Li)-sulfur (S) batteries are promising secondary batteries because of their high energy density and high safety, but their practical application is severely hindered by poor Li-ions (Li+) transport in batteries due to low ionic conduction of the electrolyte and unstable electrode/electrolyte interface. Here, we address the issue by using a polyurethane (PU)-based electrolyte. The polar urethane/urea groups of PU reduce the hopping energy barrier of Li+, which results in high ionic conductivity of 1.8 × 10-4 S cm-1 (25 °C), high ion transference number of 0.54, and low activation energy of 0.39 eV. In addition, the polar urethane/urea groups endow the electrolyte with high adhesion, which allows the electrode/electrolyte interfaces to self-heal timely after being damaged during cycling. Benefiting from these merits, a symmetric Li||Li cell using the polyolefin-PU-bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt electrolyte can cycle for approximately 800 h with a stable overpotential (approximately 40 mV), and a solid-state Li-S battery using the electrolyte delivers a specific capacity of approximately 610 mAh g-1 after testing for 125 cycles at a S loading of about 4 mg cm-2. Self-healing of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces during cycling was observed in situ by a laser confocal microscope. This study demonstrates the importance of polar groups in electrolytes in maintaining a fast and stable Li+ transport, which can be applied to other solid-state batteries.
EFFICIENCY OF TRAMP FLEET OPERATING UNDER THE CONTRACTS OF AFFREIGHTMENT
Authors: KOSKINA Yuliia , ONYSHENKO Svitlana , DROZHZHYN Oleksii , MELNYK Oleksii
Published: July 2023

The paper considers the vessels operating on carriages of bulk cargoes to get the maximum profit for the shipowner as his main goal. The items in search are the long-term contracts of affreightment with some clauses indicated as indeterminate values, that can be described using a range of values. It leads to a range of voyage indicators. The vessels’ deployment for getting the maximum profit depends on the market situation that is to say possible changes in vessels' time-charter rates and freight rates. This paper presents the mathematical model, based on the fleet and volumes of carriages under a set of contracts of affreightment during the due time. It includes the necessity for the commitment fulfilment by owned and time-chartered vessels and takes into account possible changes in freight rates for cargoes carriages. The presented numerical example demonstrates the opportunity for practical implementation of the model.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERSONALITY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REACTION TIME AND TRAFFIC PERCEPTION IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: MAMCARZ Piotr , MADLENAK Radovan , PUKALSKAS Saugirdas , BARTA Dalibor , ŽURAULIS Vidas , DROŹDŹIEL Paweł , PEČELIŪNAS Robertas , RYBICKA Iwona , DROŹDŹIEL Paulina
Published: July 2023

The objective of this research was to examine how personality acts as a mediator in the relationship between reaction time and traffic perception in young adults. Given the increase in the number of road accidents among this age group in the European Union, it is essential to understand the psychological determinants of risky driving behavior. A sample of 60 participants from Poland, Slovakia, and Lithuania was assessed using the Vienna Test System to measure personality, reaction time, time-movement anticipation, and traffic perceptions. The results indicate gender differences in self-control personality factor and motor reaction time, as well as a positive correlation between the sense of responsibility and time-movement anticipation. The proposed model was confirmed, demonstrating that mental stability mediates the relationship between reaction time and traffic perceptions. A driver with high mental stability can react faster to stimuli while accurately perceiving objects in road traffic. This study has implications for road safety policies and practices. Incorporating personality assessments into driver training programs can help develop interventions that target specific personality traits. Furthermore, interventions aimed at enhancing mental stability may help reduce the likelihood of accidents among young drivers. However, this study’s limitations, such as the small sample size and narrow age range, should be considered in future research with other age groups and additional variables that directly impact traffic safety.
SUBSTANTIATION OF A REASONABLE NUMBER OF FORKLIFTS FOR A WAREHOUSE COMPLEX WITH FRONTAL RACKS IN AN ANYLOGIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: ZHANBIROV Galymzhan , LITVIN Vadim , TARAN Igor , IZTELEUOVA Maral , ALIAKBARKYZY Dana
Published: July 2023

This paper is devoted to the study of the impact of volumetric planning solutions and the main production and technological parameters of a modern warehouse on the effectiveness of its functioning. The object of analysis is a class A warehouse complex located in Almaty. Simulation modeling was utilized to find and substantiate management decisions. The software product AnyLogic was used as the environment for the simulation. This paper develops a generalized algorithm for creating simulation models of warehouse complexes and a simulation model consisting of 114 blocks. The model is presented in the form of a black box, which made it possible to identify and establish correlations and relations between the input and output parameters of the warehouse, as well as its resources. A simulation experiment was conducted consisting of 63 model calculations. Variation parameters were the number of loading and unloading docks, as well as the number of forklifts in the storage area. As a result of the simulation, four options for the operation of the warehouse were established to ensure the unloading and loading of the required number of cars during the day. The optimal variant of the functioning of the warehouse complex was chosen on the basis of the proposed comprehensive criterion.
Cell Death Inhibition Effect of Antioxidant Activity by 630 and 850 nm LEDs in RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Kim Hee Eun , Kim Eun Young , Ahn Jin-Chul , Mo SangJoon
Published: July 2023

Phototherapy is an efficient strategy to respond to oxidative stress and has been in the spotlight in various therapeutic fields through its biological effect, but the exact molecular mechanism has not yet been established. As a result of irradiating RAW264.7 cells with a 630 nm or 850 nm LED with an energy intensity of 0.01J/cm2, cell viability was increased depend on the irradiation time. After H2O2 was added, 630 nm or 850 nm LEDs were irradiated for 10 min or 40 min to increase cell viability by about 1.7- or 1.6-fold, respectively. In addition, 630nm or 850nm LED irradiation showed a significant ROS scavenging effect and significantly reduced TUNEL-positive cells by 45.7% and 37.8%, respectively, compared to cells treated only with H2O2. In the result of flow cytometry, the number of cells in the late apoptosis stage was about 2.3- and 1.8-fold lower than that of the cells treated with H2O2 only, but there was no significance. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of cells irradiated with 630 nm or 850 nm LED was significantly lower than that of cells treated with H2O2 only, and the expression of procaspase-3 and cleaved PARP was also significantly expressed in the direction of suppressing cell death. In conclusion, the ROS scavenging activity by 630 nm or 850 nm LED irradiation, leading the expression of cell death pathway proteins in the direction of inhibiting cell death.
Static Liquefaction Assessment Combining Shear Wave Velocity, Peak Strength and Soil Grading
Authors: Soares Marisa , Viana da Fonseca António , Ferreira Cristiana , Rios Sara
Published: July 2023

A large set of undrained compression triaxial tests was carried out on different types of cohesionless soils, from sands to silty-sands and silts. Shear wave velocity measurements were carried out alongside. These tests exhibited distinct state transitions ranging from flow liquefaction to strain softening or strain hardening. With the purpose of defining a framework to assess soil liquefaction, it was found that the ratio between the shear wave velocity (VS0) and the peak undrained deviatoric stress, qpeak, VS0/qpeak, could be accurately used to define a boundary between liquefaction and strain hardening for sands, and between strain softening and strain hardening for silty-sands and silts. Since this ratio is a function of the tested material, it was also discovered that the prediction of these boundaries could be made as a function of soil grading, namely via the coefficient of uniformity, CU. Despite not being regarded as a strong geomechanical parameter, CU is easily determined from a grain-size distribution test and it has an empirically proven correlation with critical state parameters.
Anaerobic Fermentation of Slaughterhouse Waste in Codigestion with Wheat Straw to Determine the Biochemical Potential of Methane and Their Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Meneses Quelal Orlando , Pilamunga Hurtado David
Published: July 2023

The anaerobic digestion (AD) of rumen residues and wheat straw in different proportions of inoculum (66.67, 50, 33.33 %V/V) to substrate and their co-digestion potential have been exhaustively studied in this research. It explores variation of feedstock characteristics such as biodegradability and methane potential during AD and anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) of rumen residues (RR) with wheat straw (WS), under mesophilic conditions. Comparative performance was made with a organic load rate of 18 gVS/L (with 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 g/g VS of inoculum to substrate). Among different kinetic models studied (modified Gompertz model, transfer model and logistic function), the AD and ACoD of substrates showed better fit to Gompertz model (R2: 0.977–0.997) indicating variation in lag phase and methane production rate depending on the substrate characteristics. During AD, the methane yield improved as the inoculum ratio increased, however, there was no significant difference in ACoD yield from RR to WS for the inoculum to substrate ratios studied, due to the synergistic effect as a result. of greater biodegradability and optimal conditions (such as the C/N ratio). A comparison of methane generation means indicated that maximum methane production can be achieved by mixing rumen residue (75 %) and wheat straw (25 %) with a C/N ratio of (38.15).
Development of Anthropomorphic Heterogeneous Pelvic Phantom and Its Comparison with Homogeneous Phantom in Advance Radiation Therapy: Dosimetry Analysis
Authors: Yadav Neha , Singh Manisha , Mishra Surendra Prasad , Ansari Shahnawaz
Published: July 2023

Introduction: To compare the results of patient-specific absolute dosimetry using homogeneous slab phantom and anthropomorphic heterogeneous female pelvic phantom in cervical cancer patients. Materials and method: Thirty RapidArc plans already planned on treatment planning system (TPS) for cervical cancer patients were exported on both the phantoms viz. RW3 slab phantom and AHFP and dose were calculated using an anisotropic analytic algorithm (AAA). All the plans were delivered by linear accelerator (LA) and the dose for each plan was measured by a 0.6cc ion chamber. The percentage (%) variation between planned and measured doses were calculated and analyzed.Results: In the case of slab phantom, the mean percentage variations between planned and measured doses of all rapid arc QA plans were as 1.4299 and standard deviation 0.768 (t=0.00508, ρ= 0.497982) The result is not significant at p < .05. For the AHFP phantom, the mean percentage variations between planned and measured doses of all rapid arc QA plans were as 6.890 and standard deviation 2.565 (t= 3.21604, ρ= 0.001063 <0.05), the outcome is significant. Discussion: In the case of homogenous slab phantom, there is less than a 3% difference in percentage between planned and measured doses with a standard deviation of 0.7682 (t=0.00508, p= .497982. The result is not significant at p< 0.05). The deviations of planned and measured value of dose in the AHFP phantom were found as 10.67% (maximum value), 2.31% (minimum value) and 6.89% (average value) with standard deviation 2.565 (t=3.21604, p=0.001063. The result is significant at p<0.05). Also, the percentage of variation between homogeneous slab phantoms with AHFP phantom, the t-value is -11.17016. The p-value is < .00001. The result is significant at p<0.05. We can see that the outcomes differ significantly due to the influence of heterogeneous media.Conclusion: AHFP phantom results showed more dose variability than slab homogenous phantom outcomes. Therefore, patient-specific absolute dosimetry should be performed using a heterogeneous phantom that closely resembles the actual human body in terms of both density and design.
Thermal Cues Composed of Sequences of Pulses for Transferring Data via a Haptic Thermal Interface
Authors: Shany Yosef Y. , Lineykin Simon
Published: July 2023

This research is a preliminary phase of a general effort to develop a generic-data transferring capability via human haptic thermal sensation (generic-data refers to a coded language like Morse or Braille). For the capability to be effective, it must include a large variety of short recognizable cues. Hence, we propose the concept of cues based on sequences of thermal pulses, i.e., combinations of warm and cool pulses with several levels of intensity. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of basing a generic-data-transfer capability on thermal cues composed of sequences of short pulses. The research included defining the basic characteristics of the stimuli parameters and developing practical methods for generating and measuring them. Several sequences were designed in light of the relevant data known to date, and tests were conducted. The thermal cues presented to the participants were sensed and recognized by touch. The results indicate high feasibility for a capability that is applicable in various scenarios. In addition, the low impact on human skin temperature due to short stimuli duration represents an inherent advantage for later implementation. This report presents promising findings and offers insights for further investigation.