bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wlan–Based Indoor Localization Using Neural Networks
Authors: Saleem Fasiha , Wyne Shurjeel
Published: September 2016

Wireless indoor localization has generated recent research interest due to its numerous applications. This work investigates Wi-Fi based indoor localization using two variants of the fingerprinting approach. Specifically, we study the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) for implementing the fingerprinting approach and compare its localization performance with a probabilistic fingerprinting method that is based on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the user location. We incorporate spatial correlation of fading into our investigations, which is often neglected in simulation studies and leads to erroneous location estimates. The localization performance is quantified in terms of accuracy, precision, robustness, and complexity. Multiple methods for handling the case of missing APs in online stage are investigated. Our results indicate that ANN-based fingerprinting outperforms the probabilistic approach for all performance metrics considered in this work.
Analysis of Košice Meteorite by Mössbauer Spectroscopy
Authors: Sitek Jozef , Dekan Július , Sedlačková Katarína
Published: September 2016

The 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy method was used to investigate iron-containing compounds in town Košice meteorite fallen on the territory of Slovakia in February 2010. The results showed that the Mössbauer spectra consisted of magnetic and non-magnetic components related to different iron-bearing phases. The non-magnetic phase includes olivine, pyroxene and traces of Fe3+ phase and the magnetic component comprises troilite (FeS) and iron-rich Fe-Ni alloy with hyperfine magnetic field typical for kamacite. Samples from meteorite were obtained in powder from different depths to inspect its heterogeneous composition. The content of kamacite increases to the detriment of troilite from the surface toward the centre of the sample. Measurements at liquid nitrogen temperature confirmed phase composition of investigated meteorite. Main constituent elements of studied samples were also determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis.
An Integrated RSM-GA Based Approach for Multi Response Optimization of FDM Process Parameters for Pyramidal ABS Primitives
Authors: Srivastava Manu , Maheshwari Sachin , Kundra T.K. , Rathee Sandeep
Published: September 2016

In this research work, a statistical model is developed for predicting the optimal process parameters of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) process for layout optimization. Multi response optimization of process parameters was achieved using Response Surface Methodology technique integrated with Genetic Algorithm. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized to design and conduct experiments. 86 experiments were conducted according to central composite design considering six process parameters namely raster width, raster angle, contour width, air gap, slice height and orientation to achieve four responses namely build time, model material volume, support structure volume and production cost. RSM-genetic algorithms (GA) integrated optimization is introduced in which GA is constructed including the development of coding strategy, evaluation operator and the fitness function. The constructed GA can meet the requirement of optimization work. The fitness function is defined as the sum of compulsive constraints or responses. All the constraints/responses have assigned same weightage. A Matlab genetic algorithm solver is utilized to predict best fitness values along with the optimal individual parameters in the present work.
Serum sdLDL-C and Cellular SREBP2-Dependent Cholesterol Levels; Is there a Challenge on Targeting PCSK9?
Authors: Softanmohammadi Elham , Piran Sadegh , Mohammadi Asghar , Hosseni Bita , Naseri Faezeh , Shabani Mohammad , Najafi Mohammad
Published: September 2016

Background: Serum small dense LDL-cholesterol (sdLDL-C) value is suggested to be an important risk factor for atherosclerosis. Since sdLDL-C changes may be related to PCSK9 and SREBP-2 functions, the aim of this study was to investigate correlations between sdLDL-C, circulating PCSK9, SREBP-2 expression and some lipid parameters in serum and buffy coat fraction of healthy subjects.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-four subjects were randomly included in the study. The lipid profile was measured using routine laboratory methods. The serum sdLDL-C level was calculated by a heparin-related precipitation technique. The cellular LDL-C/protein and cholesterol/protein values were measured after lysing of cells with methanol/chloroform binary solvent. The circulating PCSK9 level was measured using ELISA technique. The SREBP-2 expression level was estimated using the RT-qPCR technique.

Results: Data showed significant correlations between LDL-C, TG and sdLDL-C levels (r=0.34, p=0.001; r=0.2, p=0.04). The circulating PCSK9 level was correlated to LDL-C (r=0.29, p=0.04), but not to sdLDL-C (r=−0.08, p=0.57). Also, cellular LDL-C value was not related to serum LDL-C level (r=−0.12, p=0.39). Furthermore, there was an inverse correlation between cellular LDL-C/protein value and estimated de novo cholesterol/protein value (r=−0.5, p=0.001). Similar results were observed for cellular LDL-C/protein value and SREBP-2 expression level (r=−0.52, p=0.004).

Conclusions: We concluded that the serum sdLDL-C value is not related to circulating PCSK9. Furthermore, SREBP-2 regulatory system was able to elevate the cellular cholesterol level after reducing LDL influx. We suggest to investigate the cellular sdLDL fate and lipid synthesis pathways in PCSK9-targeting studies.
High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels are Neither Influenced by Adiponectin Polymorphisms Nor Associated with Insulin Resistance in Mixed-Ancestry Hyperglycemic Subjects from South Africa
Authors: Zemlin Annalise E , Matsha Tandi E , Kengne Andre P , Hon Gloudina , Erasmus Rajiv T
Published: September 2016

Background:High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin has antiatherogenic, antiinflammatory and antidiabetic properties and these effects have been linked to its effect on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene influence adiponectin levels. We examined the relationship between HMW-adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic traits in normo- and hyperglycemic mixed ancestry South Africans and correlated these levels to two common polymorphisms.

Methods:HMW-adiponectin was determined in 101 subjects from the Cape Town Bellville South community-based study on a mixed ancestry population. Comparisons were made between individuals with normo- and hyperglycemia. Two common SNPs,ADIPOQSNPs rs17300539 and rs266729, known to affect adiponectin levels were also tested for. Levels of HMW-adiponectin were then correlated with cardiometabolic traits in all groups.

Results:Levels of HMW-adiponectin were not significantly different in the normo- and hyperglycemic groups (median 11.6 vs. 10.5 μg/mL, p=0.3060) and in men and women (8.44 vs. 11.34 μg/mL, p=0.67).ADIPOQSNPs rs17300539 and rs266729 did not influence levels of HMW-adiponectin. Robust correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between HMW-adiponectin and HDL-c (r=0.45; 95%CI: 0.27–0.59), similarly in normo- and hyperglycemic participants (p>0.99). This association was substantially attenuated in robust linear regressions adjusted for age, gender and adiposity.

Conclusions:Adiponectin levels in this population were not determined by the commonest SNPs of the adiponectin gene, were unaffected by glycemic status; but were significantly correlated with HDL-c levels. Previous studies have attributed some of the beneficial effects of adiponectin to its effect on HDL-c.
The effect of intraumbilical fetal nutrition via a subcutaneously implanted port system on amino acid concentration by severe IUGR human fetuses
Authors: Tchirikov Michael , Zhumadilov Zhaxybay Sh. , Bapayeva Gauri , Bergner Michael , Entezami Michael
Published: September 2016

Objective:

To determine if intrauterine intraumbilical supplementation with amino acids (AA) and glucose can improve neonatal outcome of severe growth restricted human fetuses (IUGR).

Methods:

Prospective pilot study of intrauterine treatment of severe IUGR fetuses [n=14, 27 weeks of gestation (range 23–31)] with cerebroplacental ratio <1, with long-term intraumbilical AA and glucose supplementation (10% of feto-placental blood volume/day) using a perinatal port system alone (n=5) or combined with hyperbaric oxygenation (n=1, HBO) vs. control group (n=8).

Results:

The duration of continuous intraumbilical AA/glucose supplementation was 11 (6–13) days. Daily intravascular fetal nutrition significantly prolonged the brain sparing to delivery interval by 24 (14–33) days vs. 5.6 (2–12) days in controls. Fetal nutrition reduced blood flow resistance in the placental circulation but did not affect the Doppler profile of cerebral arteries. Higher weight gain of 113.5 (36–539) g was observed following supplementation compared to 33.3 (8–98) g in the control group (P<0.05). In spite of this, fetuses below 28 weeks of gestation did not sufficiently benefit from infused commercial AA. We found a reduced fetal plasma concentration of the essential AA histidine, threonine, lysine and arginine, and non-essential AA taurine, in severe IUGR fetuses in both groups. Long-term supplementation with a commercial AA formula led to a slight, but not significant, reduction of histidine, threonine, lysine, arginine, asparagine and glutamine. However, the concentration of tryptophan and glutamic acid slightly increased. HBO can be combined with AA supplementation via a port system. In one case, the port system was also successfully used for fetal blood transfusion.

Conclusions:

Intravascular treatment of IUGR with fetal nutrition can prolong pregnancy with severe placental insufficiency and brain sparing for many weeks. However, rather than normalizing AA concentrations, an enhanced AA imbalance was observed in IUGR fetuses following supplementation. These deviations in AA concentrations prevent the recommendation for use of commercial AA solutions for prenatal treatment of extreme preterm IUGR fetuses.
Possible replacements for cadmium in aviation and problem of hydrogen embrittlement determination
Authors: Faltýnková A. , Hruška M. , Kudláček J. , Valeš M. , Szelag P.
Published: September 2016

The study is focused on evaluating hydrogen charging of materials in plating baths approved for aviation and in weak acid plating baths. For the evaluation, ASTM F519, ASTM F326 and a newly patented method of measuring device PCN1 - Pulsator cyclic loading were used. ASTM F519 is time consuming and the results are difficult to compare. ASTM F326 proved to be unsuitable for testing above plating baths because of strong hydrogen embrittlement of probes and thus their destruction. Conversely, the PCN1 method was fast and reproducible. Results showed that the baths approved for aviation caused stronger hydrogen embrittlement than weakly acidic zinc baths.
Influence of Fe-Zn intermetallic layer on corrosion behaviour of galvanized concrete reinforcement
Authors: Pokorný P.
Published: September 2016

The article summarizes state of the art of the influence of external layer of Fe-Zn intermetallics on corrosion behaviour of galvanized steel in a fresh, hardened and chloride contaminated concrete. Current point of view on formation, composition and crystallography of particular intermetallic Fe-Zn phases, that are present in hot dip galvanized coating. External factors as alloying elements are involved as well. A corrosion resistance of these intermetallic layers (especially ζ-FeZn13) during exposure in concrete is evaluated finally.
A Sensitivity Analysis on the Influence of the External Constraints on the Dynamic Behaviour of a Low Pollutant Emissions Aircraft Combustor-Rig
Authors: Amoroso Francesco , De Fenza Angelo , Petrone Giuseppe , Pecora Rosario
Published: September 2016

The need to reduce pollutant emissions leads the engineers to design new aeronautic combustors characterized by lean burn at relatively low temperatures. This requirement can easily cause flame instability phenomena and consequent pressure pulsations which may seriously damage combustor’s structure and/or compromise its fatigue life.

Hence the need to study the combustor’s structural dynamics and the interaction between elastic, thermal and acoustic phenomena. Finite element method represent a largely used and fairly reliable tool to address these studies; on the other hand, the idealization process may bring to results quite far from the reality whereas too simplifying assumptions are made.

Constraints modelling represent a key-issue for all dynamic FE analyses; a wrong simulation of the constraints may indeed compromise entire analyses although running on very accurate and mesh-refined structural models.

In this paper, a probabilistic approach to characterize the influence of external constraints on the modal behaviour of an aircraft combustor-rig is presented. The finite element model validation was performed at first by comparing numerical and experimental results for the free-free condition (no constraints). Once the model was validated, the effect of constraints elasticity on natural frequencies was investigated by means of a probabilistic design simulation (PDS); referring to a specific tool developed in the ANSYS®software, a preliminary statistical analysis was at performed via Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. The results were then correlated with the experimental ones via Response Surface Method (RSM).
Seasonal occurrence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in southern Syria
Authors: Mansour Mohammed , Mohamad Fater
Published: September 2016

Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata, were investigated between 1999 and 2001 at several locations representing fruit production areas in the southern part of Syria (Damascus Ghota, Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab). Medfly adults were monitored weekly all year around using Jackson traps baited with trimedlure dispensers. Larvae were also sampled in Damascus Ghota by collecting fruits from ripe or ripening fruit trees and recording the number of larvae emerged from these fruits. In addition, suspected overwintering refuges were sampled at weekly intervals during the three coldest months of the year (December – February) and the number of collected larvae was recorded. The results of trap catches and fruit sampling studies showed a similar pattern of occurrence of medfly populations in the study areas, particularly in Damascus Ghota, during the three years of the study. In Damascus Ghota, flies were caught continuously from early June to late December with some variability between years. Two distinct periods of high fly activity were observed: the first one occurred in August and the second in November with a much higher amplitude. In general, seasonal fluctuations in the pattern of occurrence were influenced by differences in temperature and abundance of preferred host fruits. Traps on fig Ficus carica and oriental persimmon Diospyros kaki trees caught the highest numbers of flies, and fruits collected from these trees showed the highest level of infestation, reaching 100% for fig fruit late in the season. Sampling fruits (in Damascus Ghota) from trees during the three coldest months of the year showed that a small population of medfly larvae was able to survive winter conditions in prickly pear Opuntia vulgaris fruit left on the trees. In the other areas of the study (Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab), only a few flies were caught.
New faunistic records of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Hormozgan province, Iran
Authors: Azadbakhsh Saeed , Mirmoayedi Alinaghi , Jamali Samad
Published: September 2016

This paper presents the results of a faunal study of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Hormozgan province in southern Iran, which was carried out from winter 2015 to winter 2016. A total of 30 species belonging to 18 genera were collected and identified. Two species –Calodromius mayetiandElaphropus(Tachyura)biblis– are reported from Iran for the first time; in addition, the occurrence of several species in Iran was confirmed.
Nemophora prodigellus (Zeller, 1853) (Lepidoptera, Adelidae): the first definite record in Poland, with comments on the protection of its habitat
Authors: Malkiewicz Adam
Published: September 2016

Nemophora prodigellus has been definitely recorded in Poland for the first time. Its habitus, i.e. wings, head and genitalia, are described and photographed. The moth’s distribution, biology and habitat requirements are commented on. Problems involving the management of open protected habitats and their plant and animal species are discussed.
Perforation of the Peptic Ulcer Localized in the Proximal Jejunum – Case Report
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej Ż , Szlosser Zbigniew
Published: September 2016

Non-traumatic perforation of the digestive tract occurs most often in the duodenum and stomach (peptic ulcer), as well as the colon (diverticulitis, cancer or ischemic lesions). Perforation of the small bowel is very rare. The Authors of the study presented a case of proximal jejunum perforation, which occurred in a patient with a history of duodenal peptic ulcer disease. Diagnosis posed no difficulties, and treatment included the excision of the ulceration and suturing of the bowel. The patient recovered without complications and the histological examination failed to reveal the nature of the ulcer. However, based on the medical history, one may suppose that it might be of peptic etiology, which makes this case exceptional.
The Ecclesiological Relevance of Reception
Authors: Beinert Wolfgang
Published: September 2016

From the perspective of a theory of communication the church is a community of reception [of messages] relevant for salvation (conf. Hebr. 1, 1 sq.; 2, 1; 1 Cor. 15, 1-39). It has to consciously undertake the apostolic message as its addressee in the actuality of its own existence. This primarily takes place through the instances of faith testimonies (Scriptures, Tradition, Magisterium, Theology, and Sense of Faith), among which the sensus fidelium is given particular importance: the experience of all Christians must be incorporated in the shared belief so that it can truly be faith of the church. The consequences that entail can be canvassed through examples from cannon law, the theology for the magisterium and, most of all, from ecumenism.
A Fruitful Dialogue between Lutherans and Catholics in the South Land of the Holy Spirit
Authors: Zweck Dean
Published: September 2016

Lutherans and Catholics in Australia have engaged in fruitful ecumenical dialogue for forty years, producing eight documents that have consistently had a view toward reception in the two respective churches. In recent years this Dialogue has been encouraged on its journey by the concept of receptive ecumenism. Ecumenical encounter is a work of the Holy Spirit, and each church can be enriched by recognising and receiving the charism of a partner church.
Eastern Orthodox Churches and Oriental Orthodox Churches in Dialogue: Reception, Disagreement and Convergence
Authors: Toroczkai Ciprian Iulian
Published: September 2016

This paper presents details pertaining to the dialogue between Eastern Orthodox Churches and Oriental Orthodox Churches. A brief history of the official bilateral meetings between the representatives of these two Christian traditions is sketched in the first part of the paper. The texts which converge by way of doctrine are highlighted. In the second part I present some of the difficulties which still prevent Eucharistic intercommunion between Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy, in spite of the doctrinal agreement which has been reached. Finally, some possible solutions are drafted in the last part of the paper, with special reference to Fr. Dumitru Stăniloae’s proposal of broadening the dogmatic expression from Chalcedon.
On inadequacies in transferring concepts from one to another (linguistic sub)discipline
Authors: Dressler Wolfgang U.
Published: September 2016

The paper discusses several methodological problems in the necessary (mostly metaphorical) transfer of concepts from one discipline (or subdiscipline) into another one, especially when interdisciplinary research demands mutual understanding in terms of translation and correspondence of concepts. After differentiating between multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity, the first is rejected and it is pleaded that the second and third should be combined. Several adequate and inadequate transfers of concepts into linguistics are dealt with, especially in the areas of morphology and language acquisition. Successful transfer is characterised by the formal transfer of new terms and their easy adaptation to already existing linguistic conceptions, especially between subdisciplines. Most often, further important differentiations of a concept cannot be transferred from the original discipline but must be added as enrichments within linguistics itself. This may lead to a split-up of concepts in different subdisciplines of linguistics. The concepts discussed are regression, self-organization, complexity, transparency vs. opacity, figure and ground, top-down processing, default, input, grammaticalisation.
An experimental study on the effect of systemic functional linguistics applied through a genre-pedagogy approach to teaching writing
Authors: Horverak May Olaug
Published: September 2016

In the tradition of teaching English as a second language, there has been an increased interest in how functional language descriptions and understandings of genres may be used as resources for making meaning. The present study investigates what impact writing instruction that draws upon systemic functional linguistics (SFL) applied through a genre-pedagogy approach has on students’ ability to write argumentative essays. This includes explicit grammar instruction inspired by SFL, as well as instruction on text structure. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, with a quasi-experiment followed up by quantitative and qualitative analyses of the collected material. Statistical analyses indicate a significant positive effect on writing performance in the intervention groups, regardless of gender, first language and previous level of writing. As the study lacks control groups, the quantitative analysis was complemented with examples from student texts to illustrate the improvement revealed in the statistical analysis. The findings suggest that SFL applied through a genre-pedagogy approach to teaching writing may help students to improve their writing skills.
Alt oder spät? (Teil 1)
Authors: Renz Johannes
Published: September 2016

This paper discusses the usage of the sequence
Zwei neue Textausgaben der hebräischen Bibel im Vergleich: Biblia Hebraica Quinta und The Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition
Authors: Schenker Adrian , Locher Clemens
Published: September 2016

The paper compares the forthcoming text editions of the Hebrew Bible.
Two Philological Notes on Zechariah 6,12–13 relevant for the Identification of Ṣemaḥ
Authors: Kashow Robert C.
Published: September 2016

Four views have been offered for the identity of צמח (Ṣemaḥ) in the Ṣemaḥ-oracles of Zechariah. Recently, however, the view that Ṣemaḥ is, and always was, thought to be a future figure not present on the scene has been argued more forcefully by Wolter Rose and Marko Jauhiainen on the basis of syntactical arguments. I will take up parts of both of these works, and through a syntactical analysis of parts of Zech 6,12–13 – specifically, an analysis of the syntactical function of the Hebrew particle הנה and the discourse function of והיה – I will show that a determination of the identity of Ṣemaḥ is far from a closed case.
Testing Protocols for Profiling of Surfers' Anaerobic and Aerobic Fitness: A Review
Authors: Farley Oliver R. L. , Abbiss Chris R. , Sheppard Jeremy M.
Published: September 2016

DESPITE THE HIGH METABOLIC DEMANDS OF SURFING, THE LITERATURE ON SURFERS' AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC CHARACTERISTICS IS LIMITED. PREVIOUS STUDIES HAVE USED TETHERED BOARD PADDLING, ARM CRANKING, SWIM BENCH ERGOMETERS, AND MODIFIED KAYAK ERGOMETERS TO INVESTIGATE PEAK OR MAXIMAL AEROBIC CAPACITY. THIS REVIEW INCLUDES RESEARCH INVESTIGATING SURFING-RELATED TESTING PROTOCOLS TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF METHODS THAT CAN BE USED FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC FITNESS PROFILING OF SURFERS. TESTS USED TO DETERMINE ANAEROBIC POWER OUTPUT, SPRINT PADDLE SPEED, AND AEROBIC CHARACTERISTICS ARE INCLUDED, WITH REFERENCE TO THE IMPLICATIONS AND RELIABILITY OF DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SURFERS.
Pattern Adaptation and Normalization Reweighting
Authors: Westrick Zachary M. , Heeger David J. , Landy Michael S.
Published: September 2016

Adaptation to an oriented stimulus changes both the gain and preferred orientation of neural responses in V1. Neurons tuned near the adapted orientation are suppressed, and their preferred orientations shift away from the adapter. We propose a model in which weights of divisive normalization are dynamically adjusted to homeostatically maintain response products between pairs of neurons. We demonstrate that this adjustment can be performed by a very simple learning rule. Simulations of this model closely match existing data from visual adaptation experiments. We consider several alternative models, including variants based on homeostatic maintenance of response correlations or covariance, as well as feedforward gain-control models with multiple layers, and we demonstrate that homeostatic maintenance of response products provides the best account of the physiological data.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAdaptation is a phenomenon throughout the nervous system in which neural tuning properties change in response to changes in environmental statistics. We developed a model of adaptation that combines normalization (in which a neuron's gain is reduced by the summed responses of its neighbors) and Hebbian learning (in which synaptic strength, in this case divisive normalization, is increased by correlated firing). The model is shown to account for several properties of adaptation in primary visual cortex in response to changes in the statistics of contour orientation.
TUT‐DIS3L2 is a mammalian surveillance pathway for aberrant structured non‐coding RNAs
Authors: Ustianenko Dmytro , Pasulka Josef , Feketova Zuzana , Bednarik Lukas , Zigackova Dagmar , Fortova Andrea , Zavolan Mihaela , Vanacova Stepanka
Published: September 2016

Uridylation of various cellular RNA species at the 3′ end has been generally linked to RNA degradation. In mammals, uridylated pre‐let‐7 miRNAs and mRNAs are targeted by the 3′ to 5′ exoribonuclease DIS3L2. Mutations in DIS3L2 have been associated with Perlman syndrome and with Wilms tumor susceptibility. Using in vivo cross‐linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) method, we discovered the DIS3L2‐dependent cytoplasmic uridylome of human cells. We found a broad spectrum of uridylated RNAs including rRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs, tRNAs, vault, 7SL, Y RNAs, mRNAs, lncRNAs, and transcripts from pseudogenes. The unifying features of most of these identified RNAs are aberrant processing and the presence of stable secondary structures. Most importantly, we demonstrate that uridylation mediates DIS3L2 degradation of short RNA polymerase II‐derived RNAs. Our findings establish the role of DIS3L2 and oligouridylation as the cytoplasmic quality control for highly structured ncRNAs.
WOMEN IN CANCER THEMATIC REVIEW: New roles for nuclear receptors in prostate cancer
Authors: Leach Damien A , Powell Sue M , Bevan Charlotte L
Published: September 2016

Prostate cancer has, for decades, been treated by inhibiting androgen signalling. This is effective in the majority of patients, but inevitably resistance develops and patients progress to life-threatening metastatic disease – hence the quest for new effective therapies for ‘castrate-resistant’ prostate cancer (CRPC). Studies into what pathways can drive tumour recurrence under these conditions has identified several other nuclear receptor signalling pathways as potential drivers or modulators of CRPC.

The nuclear receptors constitute a large (48 members) superfamily of transcription factors sharing a common modular functional structure. Many of them are activated by the binding of small lipophilic molecules, making them potentially druggable. Even those for which no ligand exists or has yet been identified may be tractable to activity modulation by small molecules. Moreover, genomic studies have shown that in models of CRPC, other nuclear receptors can potentially drive similar transcriptional responses to the androgen receptor, while analysis of expression and sequencing databases shows disproportionately high mutation and copy number variation rates among the superfamily. Hence, the nuclear receptor superfamily is of intense interest in the drive to understand how prostate cancer recurs and how we may best treat such recurrent disease. This review aims to provide a snapshot of the current knowledge of the roles of different nuclear receptors in prostate cancer – a rapidly evolving field of research.
Metabolic dysfunction in female mice with disruption of 5α-reductase 1
Authors: Livingstone Dawn E W , Di Rollo Emma M , Mak Tracy C-S , Sooy Karen , Walker Brian R , Andrew Ruth
Published: September 2016

5α-Reductases irreversibly catalyse A-ring reduction of pregnene steroids, including glucocorticoids and androgens. Genetic disruption of 5α-reductase 1 in male mice impairs glucocorticoid clearance and predisposes to glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis upon metabolic challenge. However, it is unclear whether this is driven by changes in androgen and/or glucocorticoid action. Female mice with transgenic disruption of 5α-reductase 1 (5αR1-KO) were studied, representing a ‘low androgen’ state. Glucocorticoid clearance and stress responses were studied in mice aged 6 months. Metabolism was assessed in mice on normal chow (aged 6 and 12 m) and also in a separate cohort following 1-month high-fat diet (aged 3 m). Female 5αR1-KO mice had adrenal suppression (44% lower AUC corticosterone after stress), and upon corticosterone infusion, accumulated hepatic glucocorticoids (~27% increased corticosterone). Female 5αR1-KO mice aged 6 m fed normal chow demonstrated insulin resistance (~35% increased area under curve (AUC) for insulin upon glucose tolerance testing) and hepatic steatosis (~33% increased hepatic triglycerides) compared with controls. This progressed to obesity (~12% increased body weight) and sustained insulin resistance (~38% increased AUC insulin) by age 12 m. Hepatic transcript profiles supported impaired lipid β-oxidation and increased triglyceride storage. Female 5αR1-KO mice were also predisposed to develop high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. Exaggerated predisposition to metabolic disorders in female mice, compared with that seen in male mice, after disruption of 5αR1 suggests phenotypic changes may be underpinned by altered metabolism of glucocorticoids rather than androgens.
Morphologic and transcriptomic assessment of bovine embryos exposed to dietary long-chain fatty acids
Authors: Salehi Reza , Colazo Marcos G , Tsoi Stephen , Behrouzi Amir , Tsang Benjamin K , Dyck Michael K , Oba Masahito , Ambrose Divakar J
Published: September 2016

The main objectives of this study were to determine the influence of diets enriched in α-linolenic, linoleic or oleic acid on the development and transcriptomic profile of embryos collected from dairy cattle. Non-lactating Holstein cows received one of the three diets supplemented with 8% rolled oilseeds: flax (FLX,n= 8), sunflower (SUN,n= 7) or canola (CAN,n= 8). After a minimum 35-day diet adaptation, cows were superovulated, artificially inseminated and ova/embryos recovered non-surgically after 7.5 days. Cows fed FLX had less degenerated embryos and more viable embryos than those fed CAN or SUN. In total, 175 genes were differentially expressed in blastocysts from cows fed FLX than in cows fed CAN or SUN. These differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in cellular growth and proliferation, cellular development, and cell survival and viability. In conclusion, dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduced early embryonic degeneration possibly through improving embryonic cell survival and viability.
Trust and Business Transaction
Authors: Chalid Pheni
Published: September 2016

Aim of this paper is to explore the root and role of trust within business cycle and transaction. Any business and social transactions contain complexity and are built on the basis of trust and rational calculation. Fluctuation of price of any commodities and level of their selling products are determined by the degree of consumers’ trust. Lessons learned from the field teaches that the trust easy to be gone and hard to be re-treated. Keeping trust is very important since any transactions tend to face business failure but existing trust in business commitment will diminish the risk of losing. It is reason why businessmen rely on not only rational calculation but also on emotional, cultural and ethnicity based of trust.If not, it will engender serious risk. DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3393
Diseño de casetes de expresión que confieran tolerancia a sequía y a glufosinato en maíz (Zea mays)
Authors: Chaparro-Giraldo Alejandro , Carreño-Venegas Andrea
Published: September 2016

Como primera aproximación en la obtención de una línea transgénica de maíz tolerante a sequía y al herbicida glufosinato de amonio, se seleccionaron genes y elementos reguladores para el diseño in silico de casetes de expresión, a través del análisis de literatura científica y bases de datos de genes y patentes. Las secuencias génicas fueron modificadas con base en el criterio de uso codónico del maíz para optimizar su expresión. Los casetes de expresión diseñados con el software DNA 2.0., fueron sintetizados por una empresa especializada. La presencia del transgen y la expresión a nivel de mARN fue demostrada mediante PCR y RT-PCR en la planta modelo Nicotiana benthamiana transformada vía Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Un ensayo preliminar in vitro en condiciones simuladas de sequía en medio MS con PEG (PM 6000)10 % no demostró incremento notorio en la tolerancia de las plántulas transformantes, posiblemente debido a que el uso codónico del diseño no favorece la expresión génica en la planta modelo.
Evaluación de un sistema de regeneración por embriogénesis somática de Neem (Azadirachta indica)
Authors: Fernández Da Silva Rafael , Villarroel Adrian , Cuamo Liaska , Storaci Vincenzo
Published: September 2016

Azadirachta indica, también conocida como neem, es una especie arbórea leñosa perteneciente a la familia Meliaceae, de gran importancia en diversas disciplinas científicas, tales como la forestal y la médico-farmacéutica. Se estableció un método para la propagación in vitro de esta planta, evaluándose como explantes, secciones foliares de vitro-plantas, cotiledones y esquejes. Se emplearon medios semisólidos con combinaciones variables de la citocinina 6-benzylaminopurina (BAP) y las auxinas ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) y ácido indolacético (AIA). Se observó la formación de callo regenerativo, a partir del cual se generó embriogénesis somática primaria y secundaria, mediante los reguladores de crecimiento BAP (1,0 mg.L-1) y  2,4-D (0,2 mg.L-1), mientras que la formación de callo no regenerativo fue promovida por concentraciones mayores a 0,3 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D. De los explantes evaluados, la mayor frecuencia de regeneración de plantas (~67%) se presentó con secciones cotiledonares.
Redescubriendo a Polygala corifolia (Polygalaceae) después de 170 años de su descripción
Authors: Alzate Guarin Fernando
Published: September 2016

Se reporta el redescubrimiento de Polygala corifolia Planch. Triana después de 170 años de su primera y última colección. Polygala corifolia fue descrita con base en una única colección realizada en la Sabana de Bogotá en 1844. Debido a la ausencia de registros posteriores a su descripción, esta especie se consideraba extinta. El nuevo registro proviene de una nueva localidad en la zona de páramo del municipio de Yarumal, norte de Antioquia. La considerable transformación y las actividades agropecuarias evidenciadas en esta zona, hacen que la supervivencia de esta población y posiblemente de la especie sea poco probable.
The Cobb-Douglas function for a continuum model
Authors: Ospina Holguín Javier Humberto
Published: September 2016

This paper introduces two formal equivalent definitions of the Cobb-Douglas function for a continuum model based on a generalization of the Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) function for a continuum under not necessarily constant returns to scale and based on principles of product calculus. New properties are developed, and to illustrate the potential of using the product integral and its functional derivative, it is shown how the profit maximization problem of a single competitive firm using a continuum of factors of production can be solved in a manner that is completely analogous to the one used in the discrete case.
Going along with the crowd? The importance of group effects for environmental deliberative monetary valuation
Authors: Vargas Andrés Mauricio , Díaz David
Published: September 2016

Deliberation is expected to enhance the validity and/or the democratic status of stated preference methods. Those objectives are challenged by the potential presence of group effects. Deference to the information publicly announced by others and social pressures to conformity hinder people's ability to express reflective and independent preferences. Through a split sample contingent valuation survey, we tested whether participating in group discussion affects willingness to pay (WTP). We also test for the presence of group effects. Participants in group discussion stated a higher WTP, and we did not find evidence of group effects. These results are favorable to the deliberative project.
La ineficiencia tributaria en las provincias argentinas: el impuesto sobre los ingresos brutos
Authors: Rossignolo Dario Alejandro
Published: September 2016

La organización tributaria federal de la Argentina prevé concurrencia en las fuentes de imposición para la imposición indirecta. En este trabajo se hará referencia al impuesto sobre los ingresos brutos, principal fuente de recaudación provincial. En consonancia con el IVA nacional, ambos son tributos generales sobre los consumos, adicionándole al tributo provincial la característica de afectar la producción por ser un tributo en cascada. El propósito es el de intentar identificar si una provincia se encuentra limitada en la recaudación impositiva por una baja capacidad de generar recursos o por un bajo esfuerzo en la explotación de la capacidad tributaria existente para financiar el gasto público.
Fundamentos teóricos y leyes económicas en El Capital de Piketty. un análisis crítico
Authors: Mateo Juan Pablo
Published: September 2016

El artículo lleva a cabo un análisis crítico, desde la economía política, del modelo teórico de Thomas Piketty en su libro El Capital del siglo XXI. Se destacan numerosas inconsistencias en las relaciones causales que Piketty establece para justificar la existencia de leyes fundamentales del capitalismo. Por ello, se concluye que más bien se trata de fuerzas que operan en un mismo plano, construidas a partir de elementos psicológicos, técnicos y de escasez, y de una serie de hipótesis discutibles sobre la tasa de ahorro, la elasticidad de sustitución, el crecimiento económico y ciertas excepciones a la teoría de la productividad marginal.
Análisis insumo-producto y la inversión pública: una aplicación para el Caribe colombiano
Authors: Ramos Ruiz José Luis , Polo Otero José Luis , Barcasnegras Aquiles Arrieta
Published: September 2016

Este artículo busca identificar los sectores con mayor impacto intersectorial en la economía de los departamentos del Caribe colombiano, con el objetivo de ubicar actividades estratégicas para orientar la toma de decisiones de inversión pública. A través del análisis insumo-producto regional, usando los coeficientes de localización FLQ en su versión modificada y un método de extracción hipotética, se encuentra que la industria es el sector con mayor efecto multiplicador sobre el producto, empleo e ingreso. A pesar de ello, se evidencia una baja interconexión entre la mayoría de los sectores, en especial en los departamentos periféricos de la región.
Caracterización de las problemáticas de la cadena de abastecimiento
Authors: García Cáceres Rafael Guillermo , Escobar John Wilmer
Published: September 2016

El trabajo identifica 123 problemáticas cada una de las cuales es vinculada en la estructura mediante una notación. Para ilustrar el desarrollo de trabajos futuros se usa como ejemplo de caracterización el problema de programación de la producción. La estructura aquí definida establece una base que facilita el despliegue teórico de nuevos desarrollos en gerencia de la cadena de abastecimiento y a su vez facilita la labor de los tomadores de decisión. El trabajo representa un esfuerzo por establecer una visión holística para el estudio de la cadena y su mejoramiento en términos de competitividad y sostenibilidad en pro del beneficio de sus stakeholders.
Análisis de transitorios de parques eólicos mixtos con diferentes tipos de turbinas
Authors: Da Silva Helleson J. B. , Affonso Carolina M.
Published: September 2016

La turbina eólica de viento variable se volvió el tipo dominante de turbina en nuevos parques eólicos debido a sus ventajas tecnológicas. En caso de parques eólicos ya en funcionamiento con turbinas basadas en viento constante, la migración de una tecnología hacia la otra se vuelve económicamente inviable, lo que requiere su modernización gradual. En ese sentido, este artículo presenta un análisis de un parque eólico mixto de generadores de inducción con jaula de ardilla y doblemente alimentados, simulando el reemplazo gradual de algunas unidades de velocidad fija por otras de velocidad variable. El estudio abarca aspectos de estabilidad de tensión, análisis de faltas, variación de la velocidad del viento y tiempo crítico de eliminación de faltas. El sistema de potencia empleado es un sistema real brasileño y los resultados muestran que generadores de inducción doblemente alimentados mejora el desempeño del parque eólico en distintos aspectos, siendo una solución económicamente efectiva.
High performance control of a three-phase PWM rectifier using odd harmonic high order repetitive control
Authors: Ramos Fuentes German Andrés , Cifuentes Quintero Jenny Alexandra , Melo Lagos Iván Dario
Published: September 2016

El objetivo de control en rectificadores de potencia trifásicos se basa en generar corrientes de entrada sinusoidales y regular el voltaje de salida DC. Aunque el Control Repetitivo y Resonante son enfoques de control que han presentado excelentes resultados, su principal desventaja se basa en la pérdida considerable de desempeño cuando la frecuencia de la red se desvía de su valor nominal. En este artículo, se presenta el uso de un Controlador Repetitivo Impar de Alto Orden para controlar los lazos de corrientes de un rectificador trifásico con un desempeño considerablemente superior a otras alternativas tradicionalmente implementadas en este campo. Este controlador permite el rechazo de los armónicos impares introducidos en el sistema, lo que mantiene una complejidad computacional similar a la obtenida con los controladores repetitivos convencionales con la ventaja de incrementar la robustez cuando la frecuencia de la señal varíe. Las simulaciones y los resultados experimentales muestran un alto desempeño aún cuando se presenten desviaciones de la frecuencia de la red respecto a su valor nominal.
Nueva propuesta de índices de capacidad robustos para el control de la calidad
Authors: Naya Salvador , Devia-Rivera Andres , Tarrío Saavedra Javier , Flores Miguel Angel
Published: September 2016

En este trabajo, se proponen dos nuevos índices de capacidad robustos para detectar la influencia de los factores que pueden causar grandes desviaciones de las especificaciones técnicas del proceso. El comportamiento de estos nuevos índices se analizó mediante la comparación de su rendimiento con respecto a otras medidas de capacidad ampliamente estudiados en la literatura. El trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar la robustez de estos nuevos índices de capacidad bajo la presencia de valores extremos y de falta de normalidad. Para este propósito, se aplicaron técnicas de remuestreo Bootstrap para detectar la verdadera capacidad potencial de un proceso a través de los métodos de inferencia estadística. La precisión de los índices propuestos es discutida por medio de resultados numéricos con un ejemplo de datos reales.
Metodología para la selección de modelos hidrodinámicos - Caso de aplicación: variabilidad espacial de la estructura térmica en el embalse tropical Riogrande II, Colombia
Authors: Betancur Pérez Gabriel , Toro-Botero Francisco Mauricio , Gómez-Giraldo Andrés
Published: September 2016

Este artículo propone una metodología para la selección guiada de un modelo hidrodinámico para el estudio de los procesos físicos en un embalse, fundamentada en criterios cualitativos y cuantitativos, la cual fue aplicada para estudiar la variabilidad espacial de la estructura térmica en el embalse tropical de Riogrande II. La metodología considera tres etapas: i) definición y búsqueda, ii) preselección y iii) selección. Como resultado los modelos DELFT3D y MIKE3 fueron implementados y se compararon los perfiles de temperatura simulados con aquellos medidos entre el 23 y el 27 de marzo de 2010. ELCOM fue definido como modelo de referencia para comparar las series de tiempo de la profundidad media de la termoclina, la profundidad media de la capa de mezcla y su temperatura media. Para apoyar la selección final se utilizó tres estadísticos: i) el índice de concordancia (d1), ii) el MAE y iii) RMSE, cuyos resultados indicaron que el modelo DELFT3D es para este caso la mejor alternativa.
Diseño de un observador de estado para estimación de biomasa y etanol en biorreactores a partir de modelos cibernéticos
Authors: De Villeros Arias Pablo Andrés , Botero Héctor Antonio , Álvarez Hernán Darío
Published: September 2016

En los últimos años, el modelado del crecimiento microbiano en múltiples sustratos ha recibido especial atención. Sin embargo, no hay evidencia en la literatura acerca de la aplicación de observadores de estado en sistemas de crecimiento microbiano descritos por modelos cibernéticos. Este trabajo se enfoca en el diseño de un observador asintótico aplicable a la estimación de biomasa y etanol en una fermentación con dos sustratos y en condiciones anóxicas, bajo una perspectiva cibernética. Los resultados de simulación del observador propuesto muestran un buen desempeño en régimen continuo, semicontinuo y por lotes.
La significación del fenómeno amoroso en el pensamiento de Martin Heidegger
Authors: Klocker Dante Eugenio
Published: September 2016

Se ha señalado con frecuencia el escaso tratamiento de Heidegger acerca del amor. Se busca recuperar y articular algunas alusiones importantes. Cabe distinguir tres registros temáticos: como modo de “encontrarse”, como “actitud” con los otros y como rasgo del “ser mismo”. Se intenta no solo comprender el fenómeno amoroso en el pensamiento heideggeriano, sino mostrar la incidencia que habría tenido en la interpretación de otras cuestiones y, sobre todo, en el asunto central sobre el sen-tido del Ser.
Naturaleza y substancia: el caso de los artefactos en la Metafísica de Aristóteles
Authors: González Varela José Edgar
Published: September 2016

Aristóteles parece negar el estatuto ontológico de los artefactos que no serían sus-tancias. Se analizan los textos básicos al respecto y sus principales interpretaciones. Se discute la opinión de R. Katayama, para mostrar que acierta en remarcar la im-portancia de la separabilidad de los compuestos, pero se equivoca en la noción de separación. Se sostiene que las formas no son separables de sus compuestos tanto naturales como artefactos, pero los primeros poseen un tipo de separación de otras formas o especies que no poseen los segundos y, por ello, son substancias.