bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection and validation of hypoxia-related lncRNAs with associated ceRNA network involved in HCC prognosis, treatment responsiveness
Authors: Li Xiugai , Zheng Chang , Xue Xiaoxia , Wu Junying , Li Fei , Song Dan , Li Xuelian
Published: May 2022

Long non-coding RNAs can regulate hypoxia-induced tumor immune microenvironment remodeling and tumor progression. The present study aimed to build a risk model for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients based on hypoxia-related lncRNAs and to explore its possible mechanisms. Based on the RNA-Seq and follow-up data downloaded from TCGA and GEO, we performed correlation analysis, differential analysis, and survival analysis to derive candidate hypoxia-related lncRNAs. In total, the 365 patients were used to randomly divide into the training and testing dataset at a ratio of 7:3. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso)-Cox regression was applied to select and develop hypoxia-related lncRNAs signature (HRLS) in training datasets. We obtained a risk model consisting of 8 hypoxia-related lncRNAs which was systematically validated in the testing and GSE76427 dataset. HRLS was developed based on SNHG3, NRAV, AC073611.1, AL031985.3, AL049840.6, ZFPM2-AS1, AC074117.1, and MAFG-DT. Patients with low risk displayed a good prognosis, whereas those with high risk had a poor prognosis. Multivariate COX regression analysis also confirmed that the HRLS group was statistically significant after adjusting for clinical factors. Nomogram, time-dependent ROC curve, and decision curve analyses were performed to confirm the predictive ability. Furthermore, the high-risk patients had high-level infiltration of Macrophages and regulatory T cells. Next, AC073611.1 and AL031985.3 were found to be significantly decreased in Hep3B cells after hypoxia exposure (48 hours) in the GSE155505 dataset. Also, the expression of MAFG-DT was significantly upregulated in the sorafenib treatment responders of the GSE109211 dataset. The abnormal expression may be associated with hypoxia states. Finally, we constructed a novel ceRNA network and predicted their binding sites. We developed and validated a novel HRLS to accurately predict patient survival, assess immune infiltration, infer therapeutic benefits, and provide a new perspective for designing personalized therapies.
Comparative evaluation of robot-assisted and conventional urology surgeries in India
Authors: Mehmood Khalid , Singh Ranjana , Kumar Ashok , Mandal A K
Published: May 2022

There is dearth of evidence on patients’ perspective, their knowledge and understanding about robot-assisted surgeries, especially in Low- and Middle-Income countries such as India. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze inpatients’ and surgeon’s perspectives towards robot-assisted and conventional urological surgeries. A total of 136 patients (94 robot-assisted surgery cases and 42 conventional surgery cases) were enrolled in the study. A performa (with details such as sociodemographic details of patient, patient’s view point on surgery opted and doctor’s perspective on advising robot-assisted or conventional surgery) was used for data collection. Of 136 patients, 135 (99.3%) responded that their reason for opting the surgery (either robot-assisted or open laparoscopy) depended on the advice provided by the surgeon. 78 (83.3%) patients mentioned they opted for robot-assisted surgeries because of aesthetics (cosmetically better) in comparison to 07 (16.7%) patients who opted for conventional surgeries. Only 1.1% of surgeons reported robot-assisted surgeries to be technically easy. A few surgeons (1.1%) who operated with robot-assisted surgeries mentioned it to be time-consuming than 71.4% (30) surgeons in open/lap group. All the surgeons who treated patients with robot-assisted surgeries mentioned to have no of complications in comparison to 35.75% surgeons in open/lap group. The reason for choosing robot-assisted surgeries among both patients and surgeons were patient’s compatibility, cosmetically better, less-time consuming and less hospital stay. In addition, the surgeons also believed the robot-assisted surgeries to have fewer complications for their patients and therefore, recommended it.
Social-psychological and socio-structural correlates of negative attitudes toward asexuals’ parenting rights
Authors: Grigoropoulos iraklis
Published: May 2022

This study examined relations between political ideology, religiosity, individual characteristics, belief in a just world, and attitudes toward asexuals’ parenting rights aiming to gain a better understanding of the complex roots of sexual prejudice. An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2 and July 30, 2021, via an online survey. Two hundred and four participants were recruited for this study. A between-subject, correlational design was employed. Bivariate correlation was generated to explore the associations between variables of interest. Next, a bootstrapping analysis for simple mediation models was conducted. Also, a multiple regression model was employed to predict attitudes towards asexuals’ parenting rights from the study measures. This study suggests that religious opposition to asexuals’ parenting rights is attributable, at least in part, to political ideology. In addition, gender is also a significant factor influencing the formation of attitudes toward asexuals’ parenting rights. In light of the current debates regarding the expansion of sexual and gender minority rights in several countries, this study presents a timely investigation into the underpinnings of opposition to asexuals’ parenting rights. Research data in this scarcely researched field may support the efforts of advocacy groups to promote social justice.
Novel EEG Quantification for Psychosis: Can We Analyze Vector Direction to Find A Pattern?
Authors: Aulia Afkar
Published: May 2022

Electroencephalography (EEG) had been a widely used diagnostic tool since its development in 1924. However, limitation exists, as it relies on visual recognition of spikes and quantification of brain waves. It might be possible to expand it's functionality by measuring the direction of electrical vectors, for example by comparing the value of coronal and sagittal voltage change during very short time period. This might be especially helpful for diseases with high inter-rater diagnosis bias, such as schizophrenia. We hoped that this method might expand research possibility and provided possible new method to reliably diagnose schizophrenia.
Analysis of IL-10 and IL-35 in DPP-4 inhibitor-related bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Kokubu Hiraku , Takahashi Toshifumi , Kabuto Miho , Kouzaki Hideaki , Fujimoto Noriki
Published: May 2022

The association between immunoregulatory cytokines, such as IL-10 or IL-35, and DPP-4 inhibitor-related bullous pemphigoid (BP) has not been evaluated. Sera were collected from 39 Japanese patients with BP (24 males and 15 females; 77.0 ± 11.1 years old) including 6 patients with non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP before treatment in our hospital. Ten healthy Japanese individuals (4 males and 6 females; 42.2 ± 9.37 years old) were enrolled as healthy controls. No significant difference was observed in serum IL-10 levels (BP patients: 7.63 ± 5.03 pg/ml; healthy individuals: 6.88 ± 0.52 pg/ml; DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: 6.77 ± 0.24 pg/ml; non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: 6.84 ± 0.20 pg/ml; BP vs healthy: P = 0.368; DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP vs non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: P = 0.553), nor in serum IL-35 levels (BP patients: 2.62 ± 0.20 pg/ml; healthy individuals: 2.60 ± 0.17 pg/ml; DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: 2.63 ± 0.17 pg/ml; non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: 2.63 ± 0.21 pg/ml; BP vs healthy: P = 0.727; DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP vs non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP: P = 0.949). Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (BPDAI) before treatment was not related with serum IL-10 levels (r = 0.159; Fig. 1A), nor with serum IL-35 levels (r = 0.227; Fig. 1B). The number of serum eosinophils was significantly higher in patients with non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP (911.3 ± 948.8) than in patients with DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP (476.1 ± 234.0; P = 0.038). DPP-4 is also known as a CD26 molecule expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes. The mean rate of infiltrating CD26+ cells was significantly increased in 6 patients with DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP (32.9 ± 7.1) than in 6 patients with non-DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP (15.7 ± 4.4; P = 0.002; Fig. 2). It was reported that the co-engagement of CD3 and CD26 induces the preferential production of IL-10 from human CD4 + T cells, which might reflect the clinical characteristics of faint inflammatory bulla in DPP-4 inhibitor-related BP.
Rajyoga Meditation: Effects on Visual Evoked Potentials in Migraine Patients
Authors: Kacker Sudhanshu , Sharma Anshul , Somani Sheshav , Kawale Shailesh K , Tak Amit
Published: May 2022

Background
Migraine is a disabling disease characterized by recurrent headaches, affecting the individual, family, and society. Light can precipitate migraine attacks, and most migraine auras are visual, suggesting, in particular, the role of the visual system in the pathophysiology of migraine. The present study assessed the effects of rajyoga meditation on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in migraine patients.
Materials and Methods
This repeated measures study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) and Jaipuria Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) after approval from the institutional ethics committee. The study included 185 migraine patients (Group A) and 51 age-matched controls (Group B), satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. VEPs of A and B groups were recorded and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Further, group A patients followed weekly sessions of rajyoga meditation at the Department of Physiology for three months and daily half-hour meditation at home. After three months, VEPs were re-recorded and compared with pre-intervention measurements using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The level of significance was considered at 5%.
Results
The P100 latency was significantly delayed (W = 2954 ; p < 0.001) and P100 amplitude (W = 6561; p < 0.001) was significantly lower in migraine patients than in control group. However, no significant differences were found in N75 latency (W = 3902.5 ; p = 0.06) and N145 latency (W = 4008.5; p = 0.10). The intervention of rajyoga meditation in migraine patients showed significant decrease in P100 latency (W = 11306.5; p < 0.001) and significant increase in P 100 peak amplitude ( W = 3138; p < 0.001)
Conclusion
The present study showed favorable effects of rajyoga meditation on P100 latencies in migraine patients. The migraineurs might consider this non-pharmacologic measure as an adjunct with antimigraine therapy. However, more studies are required to establish the benefits of rajyoga meditation in migraine.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis associated variants of CFAP410 affect the DNA damage response leading to Motor neuron degeneration
Authors: Ferguson Ross , Subramanian Vasanta
Published: May 2022

Mutations in CFAP410, a basal body protein known to be required for the formation of primary cilia, have been recently identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating late onset neurodegenerative disorder with poor prognosis. CFAP410 is also implicated in the DNA damage response and interacts with Nek1 also shown to be mutated in ALS. In this study we have investigated the effect of knocking in a HA epitope tag and two ALS associated mutations into the endogenous Cfap410 gene by gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We show that primary cilia in these mESCs, the neural progenitors and neurons differentiated from these mESCs do not exhibit any gross abnormalities. However, ESCs, neural progenitors and neurons with knockin Cfap410 ALS variants are more susceptible to DNA damage and exhibit impaired interaction with Nek1. Our findings point to DNA damage as a convergent pathway leading to ALS.
Polygenic Predisposition, Sleep Duration, and Depression: Evidence from a Prospective Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Hamilton Odessa S. , Steptoe Andrew , Ajnakina Olesya
Published: May 2022

Background.
Suboptimal sleep durations and depression frequently cooccur. Short-sleep and long-sleep are commonly thought of as symptoms of depression, but a growing literature suggest that they may be prodromal. While each represents a process of mutual influence, directionality between them remains unclear. Using polygenetic scores (PGS), we investigate the prospective direction involved in suboptimal sleep durations and depression symptoms.
Methods.
Participants aged ≥ 50 were recruited from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). PGS for sleep duration, short-sleep, and long-sleep were calculated using summary statistics data from the UK Biobank cohort. Sleep duration, categorised into short-sleep (“≤5hrs”), optimal-sleep (“>5-<9hrs”), and long-sleep (“≥9hrs”), was measured at baseline and across an average 8-year follow-up. Severe depression symptoms (measured with Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) were also ascertained at baseline and across an average 8-year follow-up.
Results.
One standard deviation increase in PGS for short-sleep was associated with 14% higher odds of severe depression symptoms onset (95%CI = 1.03–1.25, p = 0.008). However, PGS for sleep duration (OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.84-1.00, p = 0.053) and long-sleep (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.89–1.06, p = 0.544) were not associated with severe depression symptoms onset during follow-up. During the same period, PGS for depression was not associated with overall sleep duration, short-sleep, or long-sleep.
Conclusion.
Polygenetic predisposition to short-sleep was associated with severe depression symptoms onset over the average 8-year period. However, polygenic predisposition to depression was not associated with overall sleep duration, short-sleep or long-sleep, suggesting that different mechanisms underlie the relationship between depression and the subsequent onset of suboptimal sleep durations in older adults.
The Effect of Selection of Initial Values on Finding the Root of a Multiple roots – Polynomial Equation
Authors: Batarius Patrisius
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of selecting the initial value on the root of a polynomial equation that has multiple roots. There are three methods used, namely the Brent method, the bisection method and the modified secant method. The Brent method is a combination of the bisection method, the IQI (Interval Quadratic Inverse) method and the secant method. Therefore, it is necessary to know the performance of the Brent method in finding the multiple roots of polynomial equations. The search for multiple roots reaches convergence faster when using the modified Newton-Raphson method or the modified secant method. There are 2 types of polynomial equations used. One equation has 3 roots and two of them have multiple roots (multiple roots). One other equation is a polynomial which has 4 equal roots and 3 of them have multiple roots with an odd number of roots. The analysis was carried out by selecting the same initial value for the three methods. The same lower bound is a = xl = xi-1 for the Brent method, the modified bisection method and the modified secant method, respectively. Likewise for the upper bound a = xu = xi. The selection of the initial value affects the final result of the root search, for the Brent method, the bisection method and the modified secant method. The comparisons made refer to the results of the root value and the speed of convergence as seen from the number of iterations of each method. From the simulation results, we propose the use of a modified secant method because it is more efficient in finding multiple roots in polynomial equations. For the Brent method, it needs to be further modified in order to get the multiple root value in the polynomial equation.
Microwave absorption behavior of (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) ternary composites-filled paraffin wax matrix
Authors: houbi anas
Published: May 2022

In this work, Ternary composites of NiZn ferrite/carbonyl iron/carbon black (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) are prepared via two stages: Firstly, Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 is prepared using a self-combustion method. After that, the process is continued via mixing CB, CI, and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 through the grinding balls. Three various weight ratios of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB (1:1:1, 1:1:2, and 2:1:1) with various thicknesses (2–4–6 mm) are prepared. The absorbers are prepared by dispersing (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) composites with a weight ratio of 40% w/w within a paraffin wax matrix. X-ray diffractometry and FTIR spectroscopy are utilized in order to characterize the samples. The morphology of the powders is investigated by SEM. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption properties are measured in the frequency band of 8.8–12 GHz to investigate the microwave characterization. The microwave absorption materials (MAMs) show wide bandwidths under − 10 dB in the range of 2.8–3.2 GHz and reasonable surface density in the range of 3.62–4.04 kg/m2. The MAM shows a minimal reflection loss of -19.4 dB at the matching frequency of 9.9 GHz for the thickness of 6 mm. The maximum shielding efficiency is 21.7 dB at 11.0 GHz for 4 mm thickness of the F/CI/CB-111 composite sample.
Association of Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 gene polymor- phisms with infection and antiviral efficacy of chronic hepatitis C virus
Authors: Yang Xun-Jun , Wang Xiao-Ou , Liu Linna , Ge Haifeng , Chen Yao , Ye Songdao
Published: May 2022

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern in developing countries. Pathogenesis of hepatitis C infection is poorly understood. Previously, we found higher Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 (IRF-3) expression in HCV-infected patients. However, the effect of IRF-3 polymorphism on the incidence of HCV infection and antiviral efficacy has not been sufficiently evaluated. In this retrospectively study, 178 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 82 matched healthy controls were enrolled. All patients received standard dose of polyethylene glycol interferon and ribavirin (PR regimen), and were assigned to response, non-response, sustained virological re-sponse (SVR), and non-sustained virological response (NSVR) groups based on their content of HCV RNA. Gene polymorphisms were detected by DNA sequencing, and the plasma IRF-3 and IFN-β levels were measured by ELISA to assess the impact of IRF-3 gene variations and contents on the risk of HCV infection and antiviral efficacy. The results showed that plasma contents of IRF-3 and IFN-β were significantly different between the CHC and control groups, the response and non-response groups, and the SVR and non-SVR groups. rs2304206 C > T but not rs2304204A > G was associated with increased risk for CHC, and reduced antiviral efficacy between both response groups and SVR groups. Haplotype GT type suffered negative consequence be-tween the CHC and control groups, the responder and non-responder groups, and the SVR and non-SVR groups. The content of IFR-3 in CT genotype of rs2304206 was higher than that in CC genotype. In conclusion, the polymorphism of IFR-3 affects the plasma levels of IFR-3 and associated with HCV infection and interferon antiviral efficacy, where the T allele of rs2304206 may be a susceptibility factor for CHC and adversely impact interferon antiviral response.
Semi-industrial tests of the use of oxidants in the downhole leaching of hydrogenic ores of the deposits of the Khiagdinsky ore field
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chita,, Ovseychuk V. , Mikhailov A. ,   Transbaikal State University, post graduate student, Chita
Published: May 2022

When extracting natural uranium from hydrogenic deposits, one of the problems of development efficiency is the low rate of conversion of a useful component into a productive solution during underground well leaching, which significantly lengthens the life of the field and increases the total cost of obtaining finished products [1; 2]. The object of the research is technological installations for in-situ borehole leaching of hydrogenous ores. The purpose of the research is to consolidate the knowledge obtained in laboratory studies under industrial operating conditions and to develop modes of application of this technology in the development of reserves of hydrogenous ores of Khiagda type. Research objective is to establish the most effective modes of hydrogen peroxide application as an oxidizer. Research methodology is presented by the collection of accumulated information, its mathematical and statistical processing, and development of regulations of the leaching process with hydrogen peroxide; conducting research work and establishing the relationship between the mining, geological, hydrogeological and technological Research methods: mathematical and statistical analysis, semi-industrial tests. The reasons for the low intensity of leaching are both complex mining, geological and hydrogeological conditions for the localization of hydrogenic ores and low groundwater temperature. One of the effective technological techniques for increasing leaching efficiency is the use of chemical activators of the uranium extraction process from ore minerals [10‒14]. Laboratory studies [7] of the use of chemical oxidizers in the ores of the Khiagdinsky ore field deposits have shown that hydrogen peroxide is the most effective activator of leaching. To verify the results of laboratory tests in situ at one of the ore deposits of the Khiagdinskoye deposit, pilot tests of the results of these studies were carried out. As a result of the work performed, it has become possible to establish the optimal modes of sulfuric acid leaching of chiagdin ores using hydrogen peroxide as an activator.
SUBSTANTIATION OF STRENGTH AND STABILITY PARAMETERS OF MINING IN THE SYSTEM "ROCK MASS – ANCHOR –MODIFIED CONCRETE"
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Alabyev, V , Kupenko, I. ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Donetsk, Basruk N. ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Donetsk, Demin, V. ,   Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar
Published: May 2022

The absence of a rock mass anchoring in the Donetsk basin using modified concrete reduces the safety of mining operations and does not ensure its long-term strength and stability in the workings of deep coal mines. The object of the research is mining in the system "rock mass – modified concrete anchor". The subject of the research is the substantiation of the strength and stability parameters of mining. The purpose of the research is to reveal the regularities of the stress–strain state of the "rock mass - modified concrete anchor" system to substantiate the parameters of fixing the rock mass, ensuring the safety of mining operations, increasing stability and reducing the cost of mining deep coal mines. The research methods: mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of the "rock mass – anchor – modified concrete" system. The design scheme of a rock mass presented in the form of a thick shell with anisotropic layers of rocks under the influence of rock pressure and two boundary conditions is considered. A mathematical model of the stress-strain state (VAT) of the "rock mass-anchor-modified concrete" system is given. The obtained results of stress studies and a nomogram for the dimensionless quantities determination allowed the authors to substantiate the parameters of the system that ensure its strength and stability in the mine workings of deep coal mines.
Do nepotism and cronyism have payoff boundaries? A cross-country investigation
Authors: Dobrowolski Zbysław , Sułkowski Łukasz , Przytuła Sylwia , Rašticová Martina
Published: May 2022

In modern business, the phenomena of “nepotism” and “cronyism” are often observed, which are usually associated with corruption in the public sector and abuse of public resources. However, these phenomena are international in scale, and no country or sector of the economy is free from them. Existing research does not identify shared and contradictory interests of individuals based on nepotism or cronyism. This study aims to fill this research gap. A research hypothesis was developed and tested in order to determine a point from which nepotism and cronyism are not beneficial to their perpetrators. The research data included Poles and Albanians. According to Transparency International (2022), the obtained results showed that Polish society is currently less vulnerable to corrupt practices than Albanians. Moreover, it was substantiated that relative altruism operates as the mechanism that explains nepotism or cronyism practices. Individuals involved in nepotism or cronyism perceive these practices as a tool to reduce the risk of their operations failing. However, the phenomena lead to long-lasting reciprocity, like in the case of corruption. This study contributes to a better contextual diagnosis of organizations and helps develop preventive strategies.
A Decision Support System for Multi-Objective Porcelain Container Loading Problem Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Durmuş , DELİKTAŞ Derya , GÜLER ERMUTAF Elif
Published: May 2022

The multi-objective genetic algorithm approach for solving the Porcelain Container Loading Problem (PCLP) has a vital role in the global logistics industry. In this paper, a logistical problem with one constrained container loading problem that has to be filled with a set of boxes has been the focus. This study addresses a real-life problem that exports departments in the international porcelain industry face. Our objective is to maximize product profitability and delivery priority. Since the CLP is known as an NP-hard problem, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach is proposed to solve the problem based on these objective functions. The parameters of the GA affect the obtained results. We made tuning by using an experimental design in order to determine the appropriate parameters. The main contribution of the study is to present a new decision support system taking into account the objectives of the delivery time and profit rate priority of the manufacturer in the porcelain sector. Thus, loading according to the company’s priority and distribution in the shortest distance has been successfully achieved. The results show the efficiency of the proposed decision support system, which solves the CLP with up to 12 different products in boxes of different volumes.
Calculation Of The Optimum Number Of Unmanned Air Vehicles Required For Surveillance Missions
Authors: ÖZDEMİR İkbal , ÇAŞKA Serkan
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to determine minimum quantity of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that should be used in an area where an aerial reconnaissance/observation activity will be carried out. In order to make this kind of calculation, firstly, the energy consumption of a UAV while flying with a constant speed was examined and then % energy level consumed by the UAV while passing each meter was obtained approximately. In this study, by considering the length of the trajectory which a UAV will navigate, required % energy level of a UAV to complete a single tour is calculated. If it is determined that one UAV can not complete its assigned trajectory, the number of UAVs are increased until each UAV complete its trajectory. In this study, the vehicle routing problem approach was used to calculate the UAV trajectories. Genetic algorithm method that is one of the metaheuristic optimization methods, was used obtain the solution of the vehicle routing problem (VRP). The developed algorithm has been run in Matlab environment. By changing the parameters of crossing rate and the population number in the genetic algorithm (GA) method, the lowest number of UAVs that is enough to carry out aerial observation over a target area and the shortest UAV trajectories were obtained. Results were presented in table form.
Enfrentamento da sífilis a partir da ampliação da clínica do enfermeiro
Authors: De souza Júlia Maria , Báfica Ana Cristina Magalhães Fernandes , Gomes Ana Maria Bim , Siqueira Elizimara Ferreira , Arma Juliana Cirpiano , Brasil Vinícius Paim
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: relatar a vivência de enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde, na implantação do Protocolo de ampliação da clínica para o enfrentamento da sífilis. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido junto aos Centros de Saúde da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Florianópolis - Santa Catarina, Brasil. Resultados: a vivência profissional no processo de implantação do Protocolo de Enfermagem no enfrentamento da sífilis – Volume II – seguiu as seguintes etapas: revisão das evidências científicas sobre a aplicação da penicilina na Atenção Primária à Saúde; capacitação dos enfermeiros da rede municipal de saúde; acompanhamento e educação permanente dos profissionais; e monitoramento e avaliação de todo o processo. Conclusão: observou-se que no período de três anos desde a publicação do Protocolo Clínico de Enfermagem houve importante aumento na participação clínica do enfermeiro em atendimentos individuais. Tal documento representou um marco na assistência de enfermagem do município, não só pela autonomia proporcionada, mas também pelo importante papel desempenhado na segurança profissional e do paciente.Descritores: Enfermagem em Saúde Pública; Sífilis; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Sistema Único de Saúde.
Requirements for Translation in Clinical Trials of Aromatherapy: The Case of the
Essential Oil of Bergamot (BEO) for Management of Agitation in Severe Dementia
Authors: Scuteri Damiana , Sakurada Shinobu , Sakurada Tsukasa , Tonin Paolo , Bagetta Giacinto , Nicotera Pierluigi , Corasaniti Maria Tiziana
Published: May 2022

Due to the tight link between undertreated pain and agitation in dementia patients, aromatherapy can
be a useful approach if an essential oil (EO) with powerful analgesic activity is used. The methodological difficulties
of most aromatherapy trials have not allowed any definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of aromatherapy
in dementia. The objective of the present perspective is to illustrate the long rigorous process leading
from preclinical research to clinical translation of the EO of bergamot (BEO) for the management of agitation
in dementia. A nanotechnology-based delivery system consisting of odorless alpha-tocopheryl stearate solid lipid
nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with BEO (NanoBEO), has been proven active in acute and neuropathic pain
models confirming the strong antinociceptive and anti-allodynic efficacy reported for BEO in preclinical studies.
In particular, prolonged physicochemical stability of NanoBEO and titration in its main components are
remarkable advantages allowing reproducible antinociceptive and anti-itch responses to be measured. Furthermore,
the possibility to perform double-blind clinical trials made impossible so far because of the strong smell
of essential oils used in aromatherapy. Demented patients receive limited treatment for chronic pain, particularly
neuropathic. The BRAINAID (NCT04321889) trial will assess the effectiveness of NanoBEO on agitation
and pain in severely demented patients to offer a safe tool able to provide relief to this fragile population. This
double-blind clinical trial will be the first to assess the efficacy and safety of an engineered essential oil and will
provide the rationale for the safer treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia and pain in clinic.
Ketamine: From Prescription Anaesthetic to a New Psychoactive Substance
Authors: Varì Maria Rosaria , Ricci Giovanna , Cavallo Marco , Pichini Simona , Sirignano Ascanio , Graziano Silvia
Published: May 2022

Discovered in the United States of America (USA) in the 1960s, ketamine was introduced as an anaesthetic drug to specifically replace phencyclidine. Briefly, the substance moved from the medical world to recreational users, since it was discovered that intense psychedelic experiences were obtained with dosages lower than those prescribed for anesthesia. At the end of the 90’s, circulated in London nightclubs as a drug itself and as counterfeit 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine tablets. In 1997, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) alerted the United States (US) government to the increasing diffusion of ketamine in American 'clubs', and in 1999, the substance was added to Schedule III of drugs controlled by federal authorities. In 2002, ketamine epidemics moved to Europe, and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction carried out a risk assessment monitoring of the phenomenon. An estimated ninety-nine percent of all global ketamine seizures occurred in Asia. Its growing popularity is due to the fact that this new psychoactive substance is cheaper than other stimulants such as MDMA that the amount used for recreational purposes does not cause respiratory depression and its legal use as a drug makes it widely available for a diversion towards illicit markets. Nevertheless, acute intoxication and several deaths have been related to exclusive ketamine use both in Europe and internationally. Since 2015, there has been and increasing rise of the illicit ketamine market and currently the drug is being used with unprecedented peaks and a consequent significant increase in seizures and clinical cases worldwide.
Hybrid-Compounds Against Trypanosomiases
Authors: Ferreira da Silva-Júnior Edeildo , Nunes Jessica Alves
Published: May 2022

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a global public health problem associated with approximately 20 conditions. Among these, Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by T. brucei gambiense or T. brucei rhodesiense, affect mainly the populations of the countries from the American continent and sub-Saharan Africa. Pharmacological therapies used for such illnesses are not yet fully effective. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives against these diseases becomes necessary. A drug design tool, recently recognized for its effectiveness in obtaining ligands capable of modulat-ing multiple targets for complex diseases, concerns molecular hybridization. Therefore, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of applying molecular hybridization in facing the challenges of developing prototypes as candidates for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, studies in-volving different chemical classes that investigated and used hybrid compounds in recent years were compiled in this work, such as thiazolidinones, naphthoquinones, quinolines, and others. Finally, this review covers several applications of the exploration of molecular hybridization as a potent strategy in the development of molecules potentially active against trypanosomiases, in order to provide information that can help in designing new drugs with trypanocidal activity.
Comparison of Safety and Effectiveness between Levetiracetam and
Phenytoin in the Treatment of Pediatric Status Epilepticus: A Meta-
Analysis
Authors: AlMuhanna Fatimah A. , AlMulihi Qasem A. , AlMuhanna Mohammed A. , AlSultan Eman A.
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam and phenytoin by evaluating
the events of seizure termination and recurrence in children.

Methods:

We used the internet databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to conduct a literature
search for the appropriate studies. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio using
fixed and random-effects models.

Results:

We identified 15 studies that were eligible for the meta-analysis. The incidence of seizure
termination within 24 h was 76.9% for levetiracetam and 70.5% for phenytoin. Levetiracetam had a
higher number of seizure termination events than phenytoin (P = 0.005, I2 = 66%). The incidence of
seizure recurrence within 24 h was 10% for levetiracetam and 15.6% for phenytoin. Phenytoin had a
significantly higher number of seizure recurrence events than levetiracetam (P = 0.00007, I2 = 21%).

Conclusions:

The efficacy and safety of levetiracetam are superior to that of phenytoin in children with
status epilepticus. Large Randomized Controlled Trial studies are needed to confirm the result in children.

Registration Number:

INPLASY2021100082 at https://inplasy.com
Imidazole Hydrochloride Promoted Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes
Authors: Yuan Jianyong , Shang Suqin , Wang Yin , Wang Xuetong , Li Yanwu , Zhang Xiuyu , Li Lingli , He Tingshu
Published: May 2022

Background:

and objective: As a key pharmacophore, the cyano group widely exists in
a variety of biologically active compounds. Besides, nitriles are also valuable intermediates for
many common functional groups. In this current work, a new synthesis strategy was developed to
obtain nitriles from aldehydes.

Methods:

Using commercially available aldehydes as raw materials, and hydroxylamine and hydrochloride
as nitrogen sources, the corresponding nitrile compounds were successfully synthesized
by the one-pot method through the promotion of imidazole hydrochloride. And it was characterized
by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry.

Results:

Various reaction conditions were applied in order to find an optimum and convenient procedure
for the formation of nitriles. The highest yields (95%) were achieved using sulfolane as a
solvent, and imidazole hydrochloride as a promoter.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we developed a new synthetic method for nitrile compounds from aldehydes.
Twenty seven examples of functionalized nitrile compounds have been synthesized in
good to excellent yields. This methodology features that an environmentally benign imidazole hydrochloride
replaces transition metal catalysts and oxidants required in conventional strategies to
convert aldehydes into nitriles with good functional group tolerability. Further exploration of imidazole
hydrochloride is ongoing in our laboratory.
WITHDRAWN: Iodinated Curcumin as a Novel Anti-bacterial Agent to Combat Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mastitis: In Silico Analysis, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Morya Atul , Chaudhary Monika , Neupane Netra Prasad , Verma Amita , Sodhi Rupinder Kaur , Khatri Dharmendra Kumar , Madan Jitender
Published: May 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn from the website of the journal Letters in Drug Design & Discovery.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham editorial policy on article withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorialpolicies-main.php.

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PREECLAMPSIA: Long-term Prognosis in Mother and their Children
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Kaur Simran , Chauhan Pratik N. , Sandhu Navjot Kaur
Published: May 2022

Pre-eclampsia is a type of hypertension that affects several organs during pregnancy. Preeclampsia,
on the other hand, does not go away once the baby is born, but it can harm the mother
and her children for years. A pre-eclamptic woman is at risk for cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular
disease, renal disease, and metabolic abnormalities later in life if she has pre-eclampsia. In research,
children born to pre-eclamptic moms have had a variety of issues. These conditions are associated
with cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and gastrointestinal issues later in life. The
purpose of this study is to learn more about the long-term impact of pre-eclampsia on both mothers
and children. Pregnancy and postpartum offer a unique window of opportunity for screening and intervention
for both mother and child in the interests of health maintenance and disease prevention.
Cytotoxic Effects of Homeopathic Preparations on Human Tumor Cells
In Vitro
Authors: Plotnikov Evgenii , Botkina Olga
Published: May 2022

The aim of this work was to conduct an in vitro assessment of the possible cytotoxic
effects of homeopathic drugs and consider possible mechanisms.

Background:

Homeopathy is still widely used as a complementary (alternative) medicine in different
countries throughout the world. However, the method raises a lot of scientific debate about
its effectiveness and mechanisms of action. This is especially true concerning the use of homeopathy
in cancer treatment.

Objective:

This work aimed to comparatively assess the cytotoxic effect of homeopathic remedies
on tumor cell cultures.

Materials and Methods:

We studied different dilutions of homeopathic medicines: Hydrastis,
Conium and Carcinosinum. Cell lines of prostate cancer PC-3, breast cancer MDA-MB-231, and
lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat were used as model tumor objects. Standard colorimetric MTT test
and cytometric analysis of cells were used here to assess the viability and parameters of apoptosis
of cells.

Results:

Comparative assessment of the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects did not reveal
significant differences in the viability of tumor cells in the groups exposed to homeopathic preparations
among themselves and in comparison with the control group. The effects of the action of
homeopathic remedies are shown only in the form of trends. Some possible mechanisms of the
obtained results are considered.

Conclusion:

The results obtained in vitro indicated the absence of a direct cytotoxic effect in the
studied homeopathic preparations. Despite the objective data, this does not allow us to make a final
conclusion about the absence of antitumor activity of these drugs in vivo, since the possible or
potential effects depend on the parameters of a living organism that are difficult to control and are
often based only on hypothetical mechanisms. Some aspects of the action of homeopathy probably
cannot be reproduced in vitro.
Enzalutamide Overcomes Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Chemoresistance in Triple-
Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Apoptosis
Authors: Alsawalha Laila , Ahram Mamoun , Abdullah Mohammad S. , Dalmizrak Ozlem
Published: May 2022

Background:

Triple-negative breast cancer is challenging to treat due to its heterogeneity and lack of therapeutic
targets. Hence, systemic chemotherapy is still the mainstay in TNBC treatment. Unfortunately, patients commonly
develop chemoresistance. Androgen signalling through its receptor is an essential player in breast cancer, where
it has been shown to confer chemoresistance to TNBC cells.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to elucidate the mechanistic effects of enzalutamide in the chemoresponse of
TNBC cells to doxorubicin through the apoptosis pathway.

Methods:

MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells were used as model systems of TNBC. Cell viability and apoptosis
were investigated upon treatment of cells with doxorubicin in the presence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and/or enzalutamide.
Caspase 3/7 activity and TUNEL assays were performed to assess the induction of apoptosis. The expression
of apoptosis-regulatory genes was assayed by qPCR for the detection of expression changes.

Results:

Enzalutamide decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB- 453 cells and reduced DHT-induced
chemoresistance of both cell lines. It also increased the chemosensitivity towards doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Increasing DNA degradation and caspase 3/7 activity were concomitant with these outcomes. Moreover, enzalutamide
downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptosis genes, mcl1 and bcl2, in MDA-MB-231 cells, while increasing the
expression of the pro-apoptotic gene bid. On the other hand, DHT upregulated the expression of the anti-apoptosis
genes, mcl1 and bcl2, in both cell lines.

Conclusion:

DHT increased the expression of the anti-apoptosis genes mcl1 and bcl2 in the TNBC cells, presumably
leading to cell survival via the prevention of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. On the other hand, enzalutamide may
sensitize the cells to doxorubicin through downregulation of the bid/bcl2/mcl1 axis that normally activates the executive
caspases, caspase 3/7. The activities of the latter enzymes were apparent in DNA degradation at the late stages of
apoptosis.
Thermal Stability and Specific Heat Estimation of Pyridinium Cation-Based Surfactant Ionic Liquids Using TGA-DSC
Authors: Gupta Gaurav R.
Published: May 2022

Background:

In recent years, the ultimate goal has been to learn how to select ionic liquids specifically for materialistic or molecular level applications of these neoteric materials. Progress has been initiated, but much more is needed to optimize the full potential of ionic liquids in every aspect of modern-day science.

Methods:

A number of engineering parameters need to be determined for the challenging flourishing of ionic liquids in sustainable commercial applications.

Results & Discussion:

In particular, the general absence of specific heat capacity (Cp) data is a substantial obstacle to the design of chemical reactors and heat transfer systems if any ionic liquid-based processes are to be developed beyond the laboratory scale. The specific heat capacities of ionic liquids and their mixtures have significant importance in chemical engineering work, accompanying the design and operation of reactors and heat-related operations required for the commercialization of ionic liquids and technologies associated with them.

Conclusion:

In this work, thermal profiles of the surfactant or sponge ionic liquids have been explored very aptly to measure the specific heat capacity (Cp) of the pyridinium cation- based surfactant or sponge ionic liquids.
Multi-Shift Single-Vehicle Routing Problem Under Fuzzy Uncertainty
During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nucci Francesco
Published: May 2022

Background:

This work studies the single vehicle routing problem (VRP) with multishift and fuzzy uncertainty. In this case, a company perpetually exploits a vehicle to accomplish
demand over a scheduling period of several work shifts. In our problem, a crew performs maintenance jobs at different locations. The working team operates in different shifts with a maximum
duration but recurrently returns to the depot by the end of the shift to avoid overtime.

Methods:

The objective is to minimize the number of shifts and the completion time (makespan).
In addition, we analyze the influence of uncertainty in driving and processing times on the overtime avoidance constraint in shift duration. We develop an Artificial Immune Heuristic to determine optimal solutions considering both makespan and overtime avoidance. We implement a Pareto-based framework to evaluate the impact of uncertainty.

Results:

We present several numerical case studies to examine the problem. In particular, we analyze different case study scenarios inferred from the environmental changes in travel and processing times observed in the Apulia region (SE Italy) during the COVID-19 lockdown periods
that occurred in spring (started on March 9, 2020) and autumn (after November 6, 2020) of the
year 2020.

Conclusion:

The work program was revised as soon as the Italian COVID-19 restrictions were
implemented in the spring and autumn of 2020 due to the changing environment. Our approach
allowed for the rapid release of new robust maintenance programs. Results show significant improvements with the presented approach.