bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASIC CRITERIA FOR RUSSIAN COASTS TYPIFICATION
Authors: Косян Рубен , Kosyan Ruben , Krylenko Viacheslav , Krylenko Viacheslav
Published: June 2018

There are many types of coasts classifications that indicate main coastal features. As a rule, the "static" state of the coasts is considered regardless of their evolutionary features and ways to further transformation. Since the most part of the coastal zone studies aimed at ensuring of economic activity, it is clear that the classification of coast types should indicate total information required by the users. Accordingly, the coast classification should include the criterion, characterizing as dynamic features of the coast and the conditions and opportunities of economic activity. The coast classification, of course, should be based on geomorphological coast typification. Similar typification has been developed by leading scientists from Russia and can be used with minimal modifications. The authors propose to add to basic information (geomorphological type of coast) the evaluative part for each coast sector. It will include the estimation of the coast changes probability and the complexity of the coast stabilization for economic activity. This method will allow to assess the dynamics of specific coastal sections and the processes intensity and, as a result – the stability of the coastal area.
MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION IN ENCLOSED COASTAL SEAS
Authors: Negi Keizo , Negi Keizo , Ishikawa Takuya , Ishikawa Takuya , Iba Kenichiro , Iba Kenichiro
Published: June 2018

Japan experienced serious water pollution during the period of high economic growth in 1960s. It was also the period that we had such damages to human health, fishery and living conditions due to red tide as much of chemicals, organic materials and the like flowing into the seas along the growing population and industries in the coastal areas. Notable in those days was the issues of environment conservation in the enclosed coastal seas where pollutants were prone to accumulate inside due to low level of water circulation, resulting in the issues including red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass.
In responding to these issues, we implemented countermeasures like effluent control with the Water Pollution Control Law and improvement/expansion of sewage facilities. In the extensive enclosed coastal seas of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and the Seto Inland Sea, the three areas of high concentration of population, we implemented water quality total reduction in seven terms from 1979, reducing the total quantities of pollutant load of COD, TN and TP. Sea water quality hence has been on an improvement trend as a whole along the steady reduction of pollutants from the land. We however recognize that there are differences in improvement by sea area such as red tide and oxygen-deficient water mass continue to occur in some areas. Meanwhile, it has been pointed out that bio-diversity and bio-productivity should be secured through conservation/creation of tidal flats and seaweed beds in the view point of “Bountiful Sea”
To work at these challenges, through the studies depending on the circumstances of the water environment in the enclosed coastal seas, we composed “The Policy of Desirable State of 8th TPLCS” in 2015. We have also added the sediment DO into the water quality standard related to the life-environmental items in view of the preservation of aquatic creatures in the enclosed water areas.
Important from now on, along the Policy, is to proceed with necessary measures to improve water quality with good considerations of differences by area in the view point of “Beautiful and bountiful Sea”.
SATOUMI APPROACH FOR REALIZING SUSTAINABLE COASTAL USE IN A RIASTYPE BAY: A CASE OF SHIZUGAWA BAY IN SANRIKU COAST HIT BY THE HUGE TSUNAMI ON 11 MARCH 2011
Authors: Komatsu Teruhisa , Komatsu Teruhisa , Sasa Shuji , Sasa Shuji , Montani Shigeru , Montani Shigeru , Nishimura Osamu , Nishimura Osamu , Sakamaki Takashi , Sakamaki Takashi , Yoshimura Chihiro , Yoshimura Chihiro , Fujii Manabu , Fujii Manabu , Yanagi Tetsuo , Yanagi Tetsuo
Published: June 2018

Rias-type bays are one of the most common coasts in Japan where aquacultures have been active due to sheltered geological shape with a deep bottom. The huge tsunami hit Sanriku Coast consisting of open rias-type bays near the epicenter facing Pacific Ocean on 11 March 2011. For recovering Sanriku Coast, it is important to include sustainability in its program. Satoumi is defined as the human use and management of coastal seas for high productivity while maintaining high biodiversity. Therefore, we proposed Satoumi approach to an open rias-type bay, Shizugawa Bay, in southern Sanriku Coast. We conducted scientific researches on mapping of coastal habitats and aquaculture facilities, hydrography, and material flows of nutrients, a minor element (Fe) and organic matters in the bay including those from the rivers and from the offshore waters. At the same time, Committee for Shizugawa Bay Management of Fishermen’s Cooperative of Miyagi Prefecture decided to decrease in aquaculture facilities for sustainable development of aquaculture. Based on these data, a physical-biological coupling model was used for calculating the number of aquaculture facilities that are suitable not only for yields but also for environments. These researches were established on strong collaborations among a fishermen’s’ cooperative, local governments and scientists. Results of this practice may help to realize sustainable coastal use of a rias-type bay.
THE INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT BASED ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Authors: Kenichi Nakagami , Kenichi Nakagami , Norio Obata , Norio Obata , Katsuk Takao , Katsuk Takao , Takuro Uehara , Takuro Uehara , Ryo Sakurai , Ryo Sakurai , Takahiro Ota , Takahiro Ota , Taisuke Yoshioka , Taisuke Yoshioka , Jia Niu , Jia Niu , Xiaochen Chen , Xiaochen Chen , Keito Mineo , Keito Mineo
Published: June 2018

The Japanese term “Satoumi” inspires us to pursue sound coastal zone governance by taking sustainable development into consideration with “Establishment of Sato-umi in the coastal sea”. The popular ICZM (Integrated Coastal Zone Management) shows us the potential approach toward a coastal area with harmonious interaction between human-being and natural environment. Seto Inland Sea which has undergone serious environmental degradation and anthropogenic changes. In order to recover and sustain its unparalleled values, rebuilding a sound environmental policy system from top to bottom is highly required. The ecosystem services and their monetary values are also estimated buy CVM necessary for sustainability assessment, due to their powerful roles in representing human-coastal zone relationship and supporting sustainability of a “Satoumi” system. The sustainability assessment framework for Seto Inland Sea, which consists of Inclusive Wealth, “Satoumi”, and ecosystem service approach was developed.
NEW DIRECTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SETO INLAND SEA
Authors: Iba Kenichiro , Iba Kenichiro , Ishikawa Takuya , Ishikawa Takuya , Negi Keizo , Negi Keizo
Published: June 2018

The Seto Inland Sea, the largest enclosed sea in Japan, has unrivalled beauty of archipelago and abundant nature under temperate climate with light rain falls, and the people has been benefitted from the sea ever since the early times. We however experienced sever water pollution problems caused by rapid industrialization and the loss of seaweed bed and tidal flat due to reclamation projects particularly in the period of the high economic growth in 1960s. To resolve these issues, we have carried out water quality improvement programs including reduction of pollutant load based upon the Water Pollution Control Law and the Law concerning Special Measures for Conservation of the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea. As a result, water quality has improved as compared with Tokyo Bay and other enclosed seas.
However, there are still severe problems including the occurrence of red tide and oxygen deficient water mass in some areas in the Seto Inland Sea. Securing the bio-diversity, bio-productivity and smooth nutrient circulation are also important. Under these situations, the Law and the Basic Plan for Conservation of the Environment of the Seto Inland Sea were revised in 2015. With these law and plan, it has been made clear that our principal objective is to make the Seto Inland Sea a “Bountiful Sea” through conservation of water quality with bio-diversity and bio-productivity. Also the importance to implement environmental measures corresponding local differences in the respective region and seasonality were indicated.
In order to actualize “the Beautiful and Bountiful Seto Inland Sea”, we need to implement environmental water management as follows.
1. Environmental conservation, restoration and creation of coastal areas.
2. Conservation and management of water quality.
3. Conservation of natural and cultural landscapes.
4. Sustainable utilization of fishery resources.
Ministry of the Environment, Japan will continue to conduct corresponding programs based on scientific survey and evaluation on conservation/restoration of seaweed bed, tidal flat, smooth circulation of nutrients.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN A SEAWATER POND FOR CREATING A SATOUMI
Authors: Maeda Mari , Maeda Mari , Kozuki Yasunori , Kozuki Yasunori , Hirai Ken , Hirai Ken , Nakanishi Takashi , Nakanishi Takashi , Yamanaka Ryoichi , Yamanaka Ryoichi , Matsushige Maya , Matsushige Maya
Published: June 2018

In 2006, Hyogo prefecture opened the “Araihamakaze” park on reclaimed land leased with cooperation from some companies, and set up a seawater pond called “Konourafuna Ike” in the park. The initial plan was to make this seawater pond into a Satoumi, but since the water in the pond was stagnant, algae flourished making it uninhabitable for other living creatures. The authors conducted investigative research to implement activities for improving the environment and popularizing the park. This report is a summary of the results obtained and challenges faced while conducting these activities in the area over one year, which included involving the local schoolchildren in constructing tidal flats. The answers to the questionnaire revealed that schoolchildren understood that the nutrients in the seawater pond “go round and round” through the food chain and are utilized by living creatures. They realized that this process is called “circulation.”To the question, “Do you want to develop tidal flats?” 9 of the 10 children answered YES. However, only 50% of the children understood that a measure to prevent the degradation of the environment of the seawater pond is to “Construct tidal flats,” which suggested that there is a need to correlate the issues and the solutions to enhance their understanding.
RECENT SHIFT OF MANAGEMNT POLICIES OF THE SETO INLAND SEA, JAPAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROMOTION OF SATOUMI ACTIVITIES
Authors: Matsuda Osamu , Matsuda Osamu
Published: June 2018

“The special law” on the environmental conservation of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan and governmental basic plan for the environmental conservation of the sea based on the law were both revised recently in 2015. Two major aims of the previous basic plan (1. conservation of water quality, 2. conservation of natural landscape) were reformed to broaden four new major aims (1. conservation and restoration of coastal environment, 2. conservation and appropriate management of water quality, 3. conservation of natural and cultural landscapes, 4. sustainable utilization of fish resources) in the revised basic plan. Historically, environmental management policy of the Seto Inland Sea had firstly made emphasis on water pollution control such as total pollution load control (TPLC). However, this kind of passive conservation policy is gradually being sifted recently to active conservation such as Satoumi which includes restoration of biodiversity, biological productivity, habitat and well balanced nutrient cycle between land and sea. Holistic approaches such as integrated coastal management (ICM), ecosystem-based management (EBM) and adaptive management were incorporated into new policy in Japan. These clear changes of management policies of the Seto Inland Sea will make change more detailed policy of every related prefecture and hence will promote Satoumi activities in near future.
CURRENT TOURISM TRENDS ON THE BLACK SEA COAST
Authors: Minenkova Vera , Minenkova Vera , Volkova Tatiana , Volkova Tatiana , Filobok Anatoly , Filobok Anatoly , Mamonova Anna , Mamonova Anna , Sharmatava Asida , Sharmatava Asida
Published: June 2018

The article deals with current trends of development of tourism on the Black Sea coast, related to geographical, economic, geopolitical factors.
MANAGEMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE CHEBOKSARY RESERVOIR
Authors: Nikonorova Inna , Nikonorova Inna
Published: June 2018

Cheboksary reservoir impact to the coast is manifested in the geophysical impact associated with abrasion activities. Geomorphological area of influence at the moment reaches a width of about 40 m, where are the coasts reformation (erosion, collapse, slumping, sliding, transfer or accumulation of sediments, waterlogged processes). Hydrogeological impact is effect on the level of groundwater. We have proposed the conceptual foundations of functional zoning of the reservoir banks that will help to optimize its operation. Selection zones came in accordance with the principles of landscape planning: 1. The zone of strict water protection: the main purpose – preservation of needing special protection areas. 2. The zone of moderate restrictions: preservation extensively used landscapes. 3. The zone of partial restrictions: improving the pre-emptive particularly vulnerable areas and changing intensity or type of use. 4. The zone of conservation of natural components in agricultural landscapes: ensuring health of the natural environment in the habitats used in agricultural economy. 5. The zone of preservation of vacant space and the natural environment in the settlements: to maintain the required quantity and quality of available green space in the large towns. 6. The zone of improving heavily used areas: elimination of harmful stress and environmental sanitation in the countryside where economic activities and the lack of measures to reduce their risks lead to degradation natural system.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYDROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Rubtsova Svetlana , Rubtsova Svetlana , Lyamina Natalya , Lyamina Natalya , Lyamin Aleksey , Lyamin Aleksey
Published: June 2018

The work is dedicated to the development of the system of coastal zone environmental assessment, grounding on the principles of integrated approach to the management of resource and environmental safety in the Azov and Black Sea region. The methodological approaches and applied assessments of the quality control analysis of sea water and benthic sediment according to the monitoring data were formed. The methods of the marine environment biomonitoring were offered; its results have a universal basis and can serve both as the index of investigated cenosis structure and its physiological state.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION: LEARNING THE CYCLE OF LIFE BY CONNECTING SEA AND SOIL OF AMAGASAKI
Authors: Nakaoka Sadao , Nakaoka Sadao , Kozuki Yasunori , Kozuki Yasunori , Tokushima University , Tokushima University , Tsuboi Mitsuko , Tsuboi Mitsuko , Kodama Ei , Kodama Ei , Tamura Kazuya , Tamura Kazuya , Hirai Ken , Hirai Ken , Miyoshi Junya , Miyoshi Junya , Mori Sayaka , Mori Sayaka , Ishikawa Junnichiro , Ishikawa Junnichiro , Yamaguchi Natsumi , Yamaguchi Natsumi , Yamanaka Ryoichi , Yamanaka Ryoichi
Published: June 2018

In order to remove the excessive nutrient salt at Port of Amagasaki, we have established the method to utilize the cycle of life: by cultivating seaweed at the port, removing shellfish from the upright sea walls, and turning them into compost. In cooperation with the local junior high school students, local citizens, experts, and administration, the junior high schools of Amagasaki provided the environmental study through this activity, based on the theme of “Cycle of Life”. In this report, we describe about the effects of this study. 1) Before the study, a survey showed that most of the students had bad impression toward Amagasaki Sea, such as “dirty” and “smelly”. However, after the study, the impression turned into better impression such as “fun” and “more familiar”. 2) In the Technology class, the students successfully cultivated more than 50 kinds of vegetation. As the students cooked and ate the vegetables and fruits they grew, the study also developed into “Food Education”-learning the connection between their health, environment, and food. 3) The students cooked using the oil extracted from the seeds of rape blossoms cultivated with their compost. Then they watched waste oil being refined and turned into bio diesel fuel, which activated car engine. Through such experiences, many students realized the cycle of life as “the life continues in different forms”, and the respect for life as well as developing their awareness to improve the natural environment.
WHAT AFFECTS PUBLIC WILLINGNESS TO CONSERVE COASTAL AREAS?
Authors: Sakurai Ryo , Sakurai Ryo , Ota Takahiro , Ota Takahiro , Uehara Takuro , Uehara Takuro , Nakagami Kenichi , Nakagami Kenichi
Published: June 2018

Public involvement in conservation and management of coastal areas is important especially in those countries, such as Japan, where fishermen are decreasing. Both local residents living adjacent to the ocean and urban residents could contribute to sustainable management of coastal areas through various activities. In order to effectively foster public participation in sustainable management of coastal areas, factors that affect people’s behavioral intentions for coastal conservation need to be identified. We conducted studies to understand cognitive factors affecting residents’ 1) willingness to invest in time and efforts to make a coastal area a better place, and 2) willingness to make financial sacrifices for the sake of the coastal area. Questionnaire survey was distributed around Hinase Bay (western part of Japan). Total of 2,851 responses were collected. Multiple regression analysis revealed that residents’ willingness to know more about wildlife of the coastal area had the strongest effect on their behavioral intentions for conservation of the coastal area. Our findings followed the findings of the previous study conducted in northern part of Japan and revealed that residents living in different regions showed similar cognitive mechanism regarding their intentions for conserving coastal areas. Suggestions for fostering public participation in coastal conservation included promoting wildlife and biodiversity of coastal ecosystems to residents. These outreach programs could increase residents’ interests and curiosity toward wildlife which would consequently raise their willingness to contribute to coastal conservation.
DESIGNING AN EFFECTIVE ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE LOCAL RESOURCES AND THE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT: A CASE STUDY OF MITSU BAY, HIROSHIMA, JAPAN
Authors: Yamamoto Tamiji , Yamamoto Tamiji , Tateno Satoshi , Tateno Satoshi , Hata Kyoko , Hata Kyoko , Mizushima Koichiro , Mizushima Koichiro , Goda Yoshihiko , Goda Yoshihiko , Takahashi Satoru , Takahashi Satoru , Tarutani Kenji , Tarutani Kenji , Saito Hidetoshi , Saito Hidetoshi , Tanimoto Terumi , Tanimoto Terumi
Published: June 2018

“The Healthy Plan of Enclosed Coastal Environments” was a project implemented from 2011 to 2013 to design an effective action plan for restoring a healthy environment in Mitsu Bay, Hiroshima, Japan. After collecting and analyzing natural and social background information, two controversial issues associated with the bay’s ecosystem were identified: a decrease in oyster production that may be due to oligotrophication of the bay, and deterioration of sediment quality caused by oyster culture. Four mitigation approaches were proposed by the committee and their effectiveness was evaluated using numerical calculations. An application of hot air-dried oyster shells (HACOS) to the sediment was considered the most effective measure, because the remediation of sediment quality by adsorbing hydrogen sulfide may increase benthos biomass and fisheries production. Improved conditions were estimated to continue for 10 years. The application of HACOS is easy for fishermen, and is very cost effective because it is a by-product of extensive oyster culturing in the bay. Thus, the approach is also considered advantageous for establishing a recycling-orientated community. The effective action plan for sustainable fisheries and restoration of the environment outlined in this study is proposed as a leading model of design and implementation.
PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS OF USING CERTAIN QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTIONS DURING THE DESIGN PROCESS
Authors: Zhigulsky Vladimir , Zhigulsky Vladimir , Shuisky Vladimir , Shuisky Vladimir , Maksimova Ekaterina , Maksimova Ekaterina , Bylina Tatjana , Bylina Tatjana , Solovey Natalia , Solovey Natalia , Maksimova Tatjana , Maksimova Tatjana
Published: June 2018

Below is a brief overview of several quantitative methods for selecting the locations of hydraulic engineering constructions (HEC) to minimize the related environmental costs. These methods were developed and tested by Eco-Express-Service, a company with over twenty years of experience in the industry and extensive expertise in designing HECs. We conduct the following: 1) A multidimensional cluster analysis of the expected human impact; 2) An assessment of the ecological-economic risk in the form of the expected value of the predicted harm to the environment; 3) An express estimation of the expected “environmental cost” of construction activities. Each of these methods is justified, described and illustrated by a specific example. Their use allows to solve such important practical tasks as quantification, classification and the quantitative comparative assessment of the expected impact on the marine environment. This becomes especially important when choosing the optimal location for an HEC and implementing environmental safety measures. An important point is that all of these methods can be recommended for use as Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) “instruments”.
SUSTAINABILITY IN THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARITIME TRANSPORT IN CUBA
Authors: Gutiérrez-Bolívar Oscar , Gutiérrez-Bolívar Oscar , Fernandez Carrasco Pedro , Fernandez Carrasco Pedro
Published: June 2018

The change in the present conditions and the end of the United States embargo to Cuba is expected that is going to produce a big deal transformation in the whole production system. Cuba as an Island is bound to use the sea as the main way of transportation. That means that a huge increase in the use of the coastal waters as well as in the lands that will be occupied by the new ports facilities. This paper will deal with a modelization of the future development of the maritime transport and the effect that it will cause to the population and the environment. Different scenarios are going to be considered and an assessment of the affection of each one is going to be analyzed. The aim is to balance a legitimate future development that the population deserves with the preservation of the enormous value of the Cuban natural maritime assets.
LARGE BARRIER-LAGOON SYSTEMS ON THE EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN BALTIC SEA COASTS: CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Badyukova Ekaterina , Badyukova Ekaterina , Zhindarev Leonid , Zhindarev Leonid , Lukyanova Svetlana , Lukyanova Svetlana , Solovieva Galina , Solovieva Galina
Published: June 2018

The paper considers the geological structure and evolution of large barrier-lagoon systems in the eastern and southeastern coasts of the Baltic Sea. The data available on some coastal deltaic plains in the Leningrad Region, Latvia and Lithuania are discussed in some details. The considered materials lead the authors to the conclusion about a unified mechanism of the systems’ development. A considerable rise of the sea level at the Littorina Sea transgression fostered large transgressive bars developing at the margins of deltaic plains and lagoons formation on the surface of these plains.
NEWEST TECTONICS OF THE VISTULA SPIT AREA
Authors: Dunaev Nikolay , Dunaev Nikolay , Politova Nadezhda , Politova Nadezhda
Published: June 2018

The interests of forecasting of the area’s development simulate to take more attention to the study of its newest tectonics. The most informative tectonic pattern for the studies of coastal zones is neotectonic one, based on the structural principle, which shows the newly formed and inherited dislocations, reflected in the modern landscape and exodynamics of the earth's surface. The question of the manifestations of newest tectonics by way on the example of the Vistula Spit (Baltic Sea) is discussed.
ACCUMULATIVE COASTS AS RELIABLE INDICATORS OF THE KINEMATICS OF THE SEA LEVEL DURING THE HOLOCENE
Authors: Dunaev Nikolay , Dunaev Nikolay , Repkina Tatiana , Repkina Tatiana
Published: June 2018

Currently, there is no single view of the Holocene global sea level kinematics. At the same time, the question of a possibility of it exceeding the current sea level by several meters is be-ing debated. The accumulative coasts of nearly tide-free seas, in areas where the vertical di-rection of coastal movement remained unchanged are the most convenient objects for study-ing this major paleogeographic issue. Effects of the sea level fluctuations are revealed in the resulting geomorphological structure and in the nature of sediment areas of the coastal zone developing in an accumulative mode. If the Holocene sea level exceeds its modern marks, then ladders of accumulative terraces would have formed over different parts of the coast. The heights of the terrace ladders would correspond to the amplitudes of these exceedances. The lower sediment levels should reflect the transgressive character of their formation in the structure of geological section, while the higher levels would reflect the regressions. The coast of the Thatcher Peninsula, located in the Bay of Cumberland microcontinent of the South Georgia (Antarctic) was the focus of our research. It was established that the Holo-cene sea level in the region reached its current state no later than about one thousand years ago and did not exceed it, being subjected to only minor fluctuations of the synoptic scale. The accumulative terraces are located in fragments. The differences in their absolute eleva-tions are related to their correspondence to different tectonic units experiencing differenti-ated uplift.
WAVE CLIMATE OF THE BLACK SEA’S COASTAL WATERS DURING THE LAST THREE DECADES
Authors: Gippius Fedor , Gippius Fedor , Myslenkov Stanislav , Myslenkov Stanislav , Stoliarova Elena , Stoliarova Elena , Arkhipkin Victor , Arkhipkin Victor
Published: June 2018

This study is focused on the alterations and typical features of the wind wave climate of the Black Sea’s coastal waters since 1979 till nowadays. Wind wave parameters were calculated by means of the 3rd-generation numerical spectral wind wave model SWAN, which is widely used on various spatial scales – both coastal waters and open seas. Data on wind speed and direction from the NCEP CFSR reanalysis were used as forcing. The computations were performed on an unstructured computational grid with cell size depending on the distance from the shoreline. Modeling results were applied to evaluate the main characteristics of the wind wave in various coastal areas of the sea.
MODELING AND MONITORING OF THE PROCESSES IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF IMERETINKA LOWLAND, BLACK SEA, SOCHI
Authors: Kantarzhi Izmail , Kantarzhi Izmail , Zheleznyak Mark , Zheleznyak Mark , Leont’yev Igor , Leont’yev Igor
Published: June 2018

The interest to study the processes in the Imeretinka lowland increases in the last years due the few reasons. The main structures of so-called “coastal cluster” of Olympic Games 2014 built in this area. Some of planned structures effected significantly the coastal processes; they are the seaport near the river Mzimta mouth and coastal protection. The natural coastal processes in the area complicated by the effects of the underwater canyons. The natural-technogenic system requires the study with using the methods of modeling and monitoring. Wave climate of Imeretinka lowland coast estimated based on long-term data of meteorological fields above Black Sea with modeling of wave transformation in nearshore zone by the gentle slope equations. Such approach provides possibilities to assess the effect of the designed coastal protection structures on the changes of the wave parameters in nearshore zone. Numerical modeling of currents in the Black Sea using 3D circulation model with refinement in the region of canyons of the Imeretinka coast obtained. To estimate the sediment transport, 3D Lagrangian multifraction sediment transport model LagrSed is used. 2D flow fields, free-surface level and wave characteristics calculated, using 2D hydrodynamic model of the coastal zone. It has presented the few years story of modeling and monitoring of the coastal processes with the important lessons.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE SEMIDIURNAL TIDAL WAVE IMPACT ON THE BLACK SEA CLIMATIC CIRCULATION
Authors: Lukyanova Anna , Lukyanova Anna , Bagaev Andrei , Bagaev Andrei , Zalesny Vladimir , Zalesny Vladimir , Ivanov Vitaliy , Ivanov Vitaliy
Published: June 2018

The Black Sea is an enclosed deep marine basin, where the structure of tidal movements is dominated by the direct influence of the tidal force on the proper water body. We investigated the spatial structure of its climatic circulation under the impact of tides. We developed a program module extending the numerical general circulation model of the Black Sea which was designed in the Institute of numerical mathematics, Moscow. It allows the lunar semidiurnal harmonics (M_2) influence to be taken into account explicitly via the discrete analogues of the differential equations of motion. Our work reflects the main results of the numerical experiment on the 4x4 km horizontal grid and 40 vertical σ-levels. It was a one-year model run using the CORE atmospheric climatology forcing. We compared the first and the last weeks of simulation and found out that the characteristics of a tidal mode M2 were established at a very short period of time (7 days), which is the estimate of the model’s energy redistribution time scale. The coastal areas where the tidal impact is substantial (~10 cm) were located mainly at the shallow-shelf inlets highly influenced by the climate change. Validation of the cotidal maps showed the reliability of our model at the climatological time scale. In future we will focus on the baroclinic tidal movements and validation with the Marine Hydrophysical Institute database in order to shed new light on physical and ecological processes at the frontal zone along the Rim Current.
EXTREME VALUES OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-PERIOD PHENOMENA OCCURRED DURING 1960-2015 IN THE COLOMBIAN PACIFIC OCEAN
Authors: Navia Diaz Juan , Navia Diaz Juan , Villegas Bolaños Nancy , Villegas Bolaños Nancy , Malikov Igor , Malikov Igor
Published: June 2018

Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA), in four coastal hydrographic stations of Colombian Pacific Ocean, were analyzed. The selected hydrographic stations were: Tumaco (1°48'N-78°45'W), Gorgona island (2°58'N-78°11'W), Solano Bay (6°13'N-77°24'W) and Malpelo island (4°0'N-81°36'W). SSTA time series for 1960-2015 were calculated from monthly Sea Surface Temperature obtained from International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). SSTA time series, Oceanic Nino Index (ONI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDO), Arctic Oscillation index (AO) and sunspots number (associated to solar activity), were compared. It was found that the SSTA absolute minimum has occurred in Tumaco (-3.93°C) in March 2009, in Gorgona (-3.71°C) in October 2007, in Solano Bay (-4.23°C) in April 2014 and Malpelo (-4.21°C) in December 2005. The SSTA absolute maximum was observed in Tumaco (3.45°C) in January 2002, in Gorgona (5.01°C) in July 1978, in Solano Bay (5.27°C) in March 1998 and Malpelo (3.64°C) in July 2015. A high correlation between SST and ONI in large part of study period, followed by a good correlation with PDO, was identified. The AO and SSTA have showed an inverse relationship in some periods. Solar Cycle has showed to be a modulator of behavior of SSTA in the selected stations. It was determined that extreme values of SST are related to the analyzed large scale oscillations.
MORPHODYNAMICS OF THE SHORES OF THE VISTULA SPIT (THE BALTIC SEA) IN A PERIOD OF 2002-2015 BY RESULTS OF IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Bobykina Valentina , Bobykina Valentina , Chubarenko Boris , Chubarenko Boris , Karmanov Konstantin , Karmanov Konstantin
Published: June 2018

For the first time, the quantitative characteristics of the Vistula Spit shore dynamics based on the ground-based monitoring data for 2002-2015 were presented. On the sea shore, 3 sections can be distinguished by the direction of coastal processes, i.e. the stable section to the north of the Strait of Baltiysk, the eroded 4-km section to the south of the Strait of Baltiysk, with maximum erosion rate up to 2 m/year; in the remaining area of the Spit (21 km) to the Polish border there is an alternation of stable, eroded and accumulative areas. Since 2011, a steady erosion (in the stable segments of the third section) and general weakening of the erosion rate (in the second section) have been recorded. 50% of the length of the lagoon shore was the subject to annual active erosion (0.2 - 1.4 m/year). The beaches of the sea and lagoon shores of the Vistula Spit were mainly composed of medium sands. The alongshore variability in particle size distribution on the sea and lagoon shores (according to the 2015 survey data) actually fail to correlate with long-term dynamic processes, with the exception of the steadily eroded 4-kilometer area on the sea coast to the south of the Strait of Baltiysk. Variations in the composition of sediment along the shore on the shoreline are most likely associated with the results of the latest wave processing (or storm processing and eolian transport in the case of an average beach sample).
POLAR LOW DETECTION USING SOLAB SIOWS ARCTIC PORTAL
Authors: Mashtaler Olga , Mashtaler Olga , Myasoedov Alexander , Myasoedov Alexander , Zabolotskikh Elizaveta , Zabolotskikh Elizaveta
Published: June 2018

The relevance of the polar lows (PLs) research is justified by their great destructive power and creation of threat to the safety of navigation in the high latitudes and along the Northern Sea Route. The most dangerous effects on maritime activities are strong winds, waves and icing. In addition, the study of the PLs acquires relevance due to the sharp decrease of the sea ice area in the Arctic in recent years and the emergence of areas of open water, suitable for the appearance and development of PLs. However, despite the importance of PLs, they are apparently not sufficiently studied. As there are no meteorological observations in the areas of their appearance, the main source of information about them are satellite observations. By using images on the SOLab SIOWS Arctic Portal from multiple satellites operating in the IR and visible ranges (e.g., MODIS and AVHRR), and using near-water wind fields from high resolution synthetic aperture radars (Sentine-1, ASAR) and low resolution scatterometers (ASCAT), we identify polar lows in various parts of the Arctic, revealing statistical regularities in the appearance of PLs, their distribution and intensity. Collected database of Pls and their characteristics will be used for further PLs forecasting model development.
VARIABILITY OF BIO-OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN ECOSYSTEMS OF PETER THE GREAT BAY (SEA OF JAPAN)
Authors: Shtraikhert Elena , Shtraikhert Elena , Zakharkov Sergey , Zakharkov Sergey
Published: June 2018

Variability of the bio-optical characteristics may be as indicator of changes in the functioning of ecosystems, for example the eutrophication, the organic matter pollution and the hypoxia of water body. In this work we study according to data, obtained by means of the satellite MODIS-Aqua spectroradiometer, the variability of bio-optical characteristics (concentration and fluorescence of chlorophyll-a (Cchl and Fchl), coefficients of light absorption by detritus and yellow substance (adg) and light backscattering by suspended particles of mineral and biological origin (bbp)) along sections extending from the shelf (Amur and Ussuri Bays) toward the seaward area of Peter the Great Bay from January to December of 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014. Features of the seasonal Cchl satellite variability along the selected sections were shown. It is noticed that the highest Cchl satellite values are characteristic for the Amur Bay, usually from place of confluence of the Razdolnaya River from late May - June to August – September. Separate cases of increased values of bbp in area, which stretches from the Vladivostok coast, were revealed. In the first case, the area of the increased values of bbp corresponded to area, having the Fchl values close to zero, and in second case – to area with the increased Fchl. Possible, the first case can be caused by the increase in content of the mineral origin suspension because of some building works, and the second case is due to the discharge of water by reservoirs. It is noticed that the increased values of bio-optical characteristics except Fchl are characteristic for the scenarios with the increased wind speed and after the atmospheric precipitation. Increased Fchl values are characteristic at the sufficient rainfall, contributing to rising of the rivers level, or the increase of wind speed to about 8 m/s and above.
SCENARIOS FOR AN EXPANDING DEMAND OF TOURISM ON THE COASTS OF CUBA
Authors: Gutiérrez-Bolívar Oscar , Gutiérrez-Bolívar Oscar , Fernández Carrasco Pedro , Fernández Carrasco Pedro
Published: June 2018

The opening of relationships between United States and Cuba could be a drive for a huge increase in the affluence of tourism to Cuba and especially to the coast areas. Cuba has been for many years an important tourist destination for people from many countries, but almost forbidden for US citizens. The proximity of the USA, its amount of population as well as their great acquisition power will increase in a very substantial way the demand for accommodation and other uses in the proximity of the coasts. There will be a need to implement a package of measures that reduce the impact of such sudden increase in the coastal line. On the other hand that augment in tourism could be an opportunity to improve the standard of life of Cubans. The consideration of different possibilities of such development, the analysis of the damages that each one could cause as well as the measures that could avoid, ameliorate or compensate such effects are the goals that are going to be presented in this paper.
ASSESSMENT OF NUTRIENT LOAD ON THE PREGOLYA RIVER BASIN (VISTULA LAGOON CATCHMENT) FROM THE ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES
Authors: Gorbunova Julia , Gorbunova Julia , Chubarenko Boris , Chubarenko Boris , Domnin Dmitry , Domnin Dmitry , Refsgaard Jens Christian , Refsgaard Jens Christian
Published: June 2018

The catchment area of the Pregolya River is about 65% of the Vistula Lagoon drainage basin and occupied by Russia and Poland in approximately equal proportions. Nutrient load from the catchment largely controls the eutrophication processes of the lagoon ecosystem. Open statistical data (2011-2014) were used for evaluating the nutrient loads. At present, the nutrient load from the major anthropogenic sources (population, livestock, poultry and crop production) is 53,267 tons N/year and 16,424 tons P/year in the Pregolya River catchment. This results in loads of 23,032 tons N/year and 2,819 tons P/year when the removal of nutrients by the harvest is taken into account. It was found that the load from anthropogenic sources in the Polish part of the catchment higher than in the Russian part by a factor of three times for nitrogen and two times for phosphorus. The reason for this is that Polish territory is relatively more agriculturally developed. In the Kaliningrad Oblast agriculture declined in the 1990-2000's and now about 50% of arable lands are not used, which creates a potential for development. Currently there is a positive trend of the agriculture development and the "Strategy of socio-economic development of the Kaliningrad Oblast until 2020" is expected to increase arable land by 70%, the number of cattle and pigs by factors of 3.5 and 9.5, respectively. This creates a potential for significant increases of the nutrients loading and eutrophication of the Vistula Lagoon. The nutrient load from the anthropogenic sources in the Russian part of the catchment can be compensated greatly by using the manure as organic fertilizer replacing mineral fertiliser, as at present time 40% of available arable land in the Kaliningrad Oblast is sufficient for utilization of all manure originated locally at the maximum fertilization rate recommended by HELCOM. At the same time more than 80% of the wastewater in Kaliningrad Oblast is not sufficiently treated. This poses a great potential for nutrient load reduction. The calculations showed that equipment of Kaliningrad city with the modern treatment facilities will reduce the nutrient load by 1,400 tons N/year and 290 tons P/year.
INFLUENCE OF MELTING GLACIERS ON HYDROCHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF COASTAL EOCOSYSTEM OF WESTERN SPITZBERGEN
Authors: Polukhin Alexander , Polukhin Alexander , Yakushev Evgeniy , Yakushev Evgeniy , Makkaveev Petr , Makkaveev Petr , Protsenko Elizaveta , Protsenko Elizaveta , Yakubov Shamil , Yakubov Shamil , Staalstrøm Andre , Staalstrøm Andre , Stepanova Svetlana , Stepanova Svetlana , Khlebopashev Pavel , Khlebopashev Pavel , Norli Marit , Norli Marit , Braaten Hans-Frederik , Braaten Hans-Frederik
Published: June 2018

The goal of this work was to evaluate a potential influence of the melting glacier on the hydrochemistry of the surrounding coastal waters. The studies were based on 2 expeditions to the Tempelfjord (Western Spitzbergen) performed in winter 2014 and in summer 2015 when there were measured hydrophysical, chemical and biological parameters in the sea water, coastal discharge and the sea ice. Obtained results of the research show that the glacier runoff has a clear impact on the hydrochemical structure of the fjord waters not only in warm season, but in cold seasons as well.
LAND USE IMPACTS ON MANGROVE FISH ASSEMBLAGES: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION OF COASTAL RESOURCES IN THE INNER GULF OF THAILAND
Authors: Premcharoen Siraprapha Siraprapha , Premcharoen Siraprapha Siraprapha , Kiat-amornwet Sutanun , Kiat-amornwet Sutanun
Published: June 2018

Fish assemblages as reflected from coastal land use in mangrove estuary of Ban Laem District, Phetchaburi Province, Inner Gulf of Thailand had been conducted seasonally during December 2012 and October 2013. Samplings were conducted in blood cockle farms, public benefit channel, mangrove fringe area and Ban Laem estuary, using a push net at both day and night. A total of 29,287 individuals belonging to 11 orders 33 families and 54 species were collected. The Carangidae was by far the most speciose (6 species), with Arius maculatus numerically dominating (15,989 individuals, 54.59%). The highest number of individual was recorded in mangrove fringe area (21,051 individuals, 71.88%) in May (18,642 individuals, 63.65%) at day catches (22,149 individuals, 75.63%). The highest value indices of diversity, richness and evenness were 2.59, 3.65 and 0.88 respectively, recorded in mangrove fringe area in October. ANOSIM analysis showed a clearly significant difference of species compositions and abundance among sites, seasons and between day and night (p=0.001). Catches consisted primarily of juveniles or small-sized fishes, indicating that the area is important as a nursery ground. The findings of this study have implications for the conservation and management of mangrove and fisheries resources in Ban Laem and adjacent areas in the inner Gulf of Thailand.
ASSESSMENT OF BIOTURBATION ACTIVITY OF MARENZELLERIA SPP. IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE GULF OF FINLAND
Authors: Voloshchuk Ekaterina , Voloshchuk Ekaterina , Eremina Tatjana , Eremina Tatjana , Isaev Alexey , Isaev Alexey
Published: June 2018

Macrofauna is supposed to influence on physic-chemical characteristics of the sea bottom sediments. Through its bioturbation mechanism porosity, area of oxygenated layer and oxygen penetration depth have increased. This lead to alterations in nutrient cycling as well as improvement in redox conditions which define direction of fluxes in the sediments. In oxic conditions phosphorus is transformed into particulate form and thus, its retention and burial increase. In contrary, denitrification is getting weaker and nitrogen returns into the water. The impact of benthic organisms bioirrigation activity on other chemical components in solid sediments is not sufficiently studied. Present investigations were carried out for the most abundant benthic species in the Gulf of Finland Marenzelleria spp. Those polychaetes are active turbators and their irrigation effect lead to significant changes in chemical compounds in the solid sediment. On the basis of statistical analysis of data on vertical distribution of organic carbon content, total iron and manganese in solid sediments and abundance of Marenzelleria spp. there was found that polychaetes have a significant impact on organic carbon content, while for total iron and manganese such regularity is not revealed.
INTEGRATED ALGA-CULTURE IN INUNDATED COASTAL FARMLANDS OF INDIAN SUNDARBANS AS A SUSTAINABLE ADAPTATION FOR MARGINAL COMMUNITIES TOWARDS CLIMATE RISK REDUCTION
Authors: Dey Dipayan , Dey Dipayan , Maity Ashoka , Maity Ashoka
Published: June 2018

Algae has a great potential for quick capture of biological carbon and its storage in saltwater-inundated coastal wetlands and can also be introduced as a climate adaptive alternate farming practice. An intervention with native algal flora Enteromorpha sp. in enclosed coastal Sundarbans in India on two open water culture techniques, viz. U-Lock & Fish-Bone, shows that growth in native algal stock is influenced by seasonal variations of salinity and other limnological factors. Sundarbans, facing the odds of climate change is fast loosing arable lands to sea level rise. Algaculture in inundated coastal areas can be an adaptive mitigation for the same. Perusal of results show that daily growth rate (DGR%) increases with increasing salinity of the intruding tidal waters to an extent and biomass increment under salt stress results in accumulation of metabolites those are having nutrient values and can yield bio-diesel as well. Algal growth recorded mostly in post monsoon period, has impacts on pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the ambient water to facilitate integrated pisciculture. The paper suggests that alga-culture has unrealized potentials in carbon sequestration and can be significantly used for extraction of Biodiesel.