bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nivel de afrontamiento de los profesionales de enfermería frente a la muerte de los pacientes en unidades de cuidado intensivo
Authors: Ochoa Villegas Luisa Fernanda , Garcés Cabrera Stephanie Alejandra , Ardila Cepeda Slendy Julieth
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La muerte, es considerada uno de los eventos más complejos experimentados por el ser humano, dado que comprende procesos dolorosos y en ocasiones traumáticos. Para el profesional de Enfermería, se puede establecer que la frecuente exposición a la muerte sugiere la necesidad de recursos y estrategias para desafiar escenarios que pueden afectar la calidad de los cuidados. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de afrontamiento de los profesionales de Enfermería frente a la muerte de los pacientes en unidades de cuidado intensivo de la ciudad de Medellín. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal, muestreo no probabilístico por “bola de nieve”, participaron 40 personas de manera voluntaria que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se aplicó el instrumento Escala de Bugen Afrontamiento ante la muerte. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la herramienta de Google Forms. Resultados: El 75% eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue de 35 años. Un 53% (n=21) de los profesionales de enfermería presentaron un afrontamiento óptimo de la muerte, mientras que el 43% (n=17) tuvo un afrontamiento intermedio de la muerte y el 4% (n=2) un afrontamiento inadecuado de la muerte. Conclusiones: Los profesionales mostraron una actitud positiva hacia el proceso de morir, con el 70% considerando tener una buena perspectiva. Aunque el 80% reportó habilidades para hablar sobre la muerte, menos de la mitad se sienten completamente preparados para afrontar su propio fallecimiento. La mayoría valora la calidad de vida y demuestra competencias para apoyar a pacientes terminales, aunque un porcentaje significativo reconoce áreas de mejora en la comunicación con personas en duelo. Estos hallazgos destacan la necesidad de fortalecer el afrontamiento emocional y las competencias en cuidados al final de la vida.
Research on the publication utilization of prompt engineering technology
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Kong Byoung Hun
Published: January 2025

Publishing technology has enabled the production and dissemination of knowledge, and has served as a foundation for changes and innovations in social structures and cultural paradigms. Prompt engineering technology, a communication activity between humans and generative AI, is being utilized in core processes of publishing such as writing, editing, and design. This study deals with the expansion and evolution of publishing activities in which authors, editors, and designers interact with computers. In particular, it analyzes the utilization of prompt engineering technology. For this work, case studies and participant observation methods on ChatGPT and Midjourney were conducted and analyzed. The results of the study are as follows: First, generative AI utilizing prompt engineering technology enables qualitative expansion of creative and editing activities, and leads to innovation in production methods and democratization of publishing technology. Second, the expertise and creativity of authors, editors, and designers become more important, and open and flexible collaborative projects become the main method and model of publishing. Third, the democratization of publishing technology is expected to reveal the importance of publishing activities that integrate the creativity and expertise of authors, editors, and designers, and to activate author publishing, independent publishing, and project publishing.
Research Trends in Korean Web Novels through Semantic Network Analysis : Focusing on Abstracts of Domestic Academic Journals
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Kim Hee Ju , Jo Do Hyun , Shin Myoung Hwan
Published: January 2025

This study examines research trends in Korean web novels by analyzing the abstracts of academic papers published in domestic journals and exploring key issues using semantic network analysis. The findings of this study are as follows: First, research on web novels has steadily increased since 2015. Second, such research has deepened through specialized discussions in certain journals and diversified approaches across various academic journals. Third, network analysis of centrality revealed that keywords such as ‘genre’, ‘platform’ and ‘reader’ were frequently addressed. Fourth, word cloud visualization indicated that core interests in web novel research include genre diversity, the interaction between content production and consumption, the importance of platform ecosystems, and reader-centered studies. Fifth, a concordance network analysis identified eight distinct clusters. Based on these findings, the study suggests: (1) the need to expand the diversity of web novel genres, (2) the need to expand the diversity of web novel subjects, (3) the importance of fostering reader-centered research, and (4) active exploration of strategies for utilizing web novels as primary content sources.
The Role of Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Strategies, Future Directions, and Insights into Metastasis and Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Li Chen Lu , Ma Xin Yuan , Yi Ping
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Immunotherapy has emerged as
a potentially effective strategy, as traditional medicines have shown minimal success. This review
investigates the current state of immunotherapy for lung cancer treatment, focusing on its mechanisms,
clinical applications, strategies, and future directions. This study focuses on the different
characteristics of non-small and small-cell lung cancer to emphasize the need for targeted treatment
strategies. In non-small cell lung cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors that target PD-1, PDL1,
and CTLA-4 have shown a strong therapeutic benefit and increased survival rates. The complex
interactions among tumor cells, immune cells, and the tumor microenvironment significantly
impact the outcome of immunotherapy. The determination of predicting biomarkers and conquering
resistance requires an understanding of the tumor microenvironment. This study addresses a
range of immunotherapeutic strategies, such as immune modulators, monoclonal antibodies, and
cancer vaccines. The combination approaches are being explored to enhance treatment effectiveness
and address resistance mechanisms that integrate immunotherapy with other modalities. Despite
advancements, challenges still exist. The identification of reliable biomarkers, regulating immune-
related adverse effects, and the overcoming of limitations in treating metastatic disease require
more investigation. Future research directions should include exploring the immune microenvironment,
developing personalized treatment strategies based on tumor profiles, and integrating
new technologies for patient screening. Immunotherapy holds immense potential to modify lung
cancer treatment and enhance clinical results.
A Review on Medicinal Approaches of Novel Imatinib Derivatives
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Agarwal Gaurav , Sangwan Kavita
Published: January 2025

Phenyl amino pyrimidine attracts researchers due to its versatile scaffold and medicinal
significance. This significant moiety present in the Imatinib contributed to medicinal chemistry. In
this manuscript, we reviewed various derivatives of Imatinib containing 2-phenylaminopyrimidine,
which has a variety of roles, especially in the anti-cancer category. This manuscript
aims to prepare a scientific report that underscores the novel Imatinib derivatives in the field of
chemistry for various activities such as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and miscellaneous focused on
cardiovascular, anti-platelets, and anti-parasitic, etc. Finally, this manuscript may attract researchers
for new structure design, and the development of novel phenyl amino pyrimidine scaffolds that
are more active and less harmful. We propose a compilation and analysis of around 100 Imatinib
derivatives having main chromatophores, such as phenylaminopyrimidine. A large number of researchers
are interested in Imatnib-based analogs as they have wide biological potential in the
largely developing chemical world of the heterocyclic moiety. The phenylamino pyrimidine moiety
became an important moiety for researchers to discover combinational libraries and implement the
efforts in search of the lead entities. Phenylaminopyrimidine has been manifesting to be an effective
moiety in the current respective disease scenario. It has been discovered that phenylaminopyrimidine
and its derivatives have an extensive spectrum of pharmacological potential with numerous
applications in academic interest, in the pharmaceutical industry, medicinal chemistry, etc.
Imatinib containing phenylaminopyrimidine and its novel synthetic derivatives are a prominent
heterocyclic compound class with intriguing use in medicinal chemistry. Thus, in brief, attention
should be given to other chemical approaches for synthesizing novel compounds containing phenylaminopyrimidine
moiety, hence potentiating their efficacy.
Environmental Impacts of Jute Fiber-reinforced Mortars
Authors: Gil Harveth , Alvarez Carolina Jaramillo , Zuleta Alejandro Alberto
Published: January 2025

Background

Mortar is an essential material in the construction industry, serving as a binding agent in masonry. Integrating natural fibers into construction materials has gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance mechanical properties while promoting sustainability. However, mortar production involves processes that contribute to environmental impacts. In this research, jute fiber was selected as a reinforcement for mortar due to its potential to provide a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers, offering a promising solution for reducing the environmental footprint of construction materials.

Objective

This paper aims to investigate the mechanical properties and environmental impact of jute fiber mortar composites during the product stage with a cradle-to-gate approach, comparing their performance with that of traditional mortar used in Colombia.

Methods

The environmental performance of jute fiber-reinforced mortar (JFRM) was assessed using the CML-2001 methodology with OpenLCA software, alongside an Eco-audit tool to estimate the energy consumption and carbon emissions across the material, manufacturing, and transportation phases. Jute fiber (JF) was characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the compressive strength of mortar incorporating jute fiber at 0%, 1%, and 2% by weight was evaluated after a 21-day curing period.

Results

Mortars modified with jute fiber (JF) show a reduction in compressive strength compared to plain composites, with decreases of approximately 15% for 1% JF and 21% for 2% JF. However, according to Colombian construction standards, composites with 1% JF still meet the minimum compressive strength requirements for plaster mortars. Additionally, these mortars offer excellent ductility and lower density than those without fibers. From an environmental perspective, the life cycle assessment results demonstrate that using 1% JF imposes a lower ecological burden than using 2%, with the Global Warming Potential (GWP) being the most significant impact category. While JF increases the GWP due to the emission of biogenic methane, the overall GWP impact rises by 2.8% and 3.9% with the addition of 1% and 2% JF, respectively. Furthermore, the eutrophication potential increases by 2.24% due to the use of fertilizers and insecticides in JF agricultural production. These findings suggest that the optimal balance between environmental impact and mechanical performance is achieved with 1% JF in the mortar.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that mortars reinforced with 1% jute fiber are suitable for cement composites due to their adequate physic-chemical properties and their positive effect from a sustainability standpoint.
Plant Leaf Disease Detection and Classification Using Segmentation Encoder Techniques
Authors: Trivedi Payal , Narayan Yogendra , Ravi Vinayakumar , Kumar Prashant , Kaur Prabhjot , Tabianan Kayalvily , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj
Published: January 2025

Aims

Agriculture is one of the fundamental elements of human civilization. Crops and plant leaves are susceptible to many illnesses when grown for agricultural purposes. There may be less possibility of further harm to the plants if the illnesses are identified and classified accurately and early on.

Background

Plant leaf diseases are typically predicted and classified by farmers tediously and inaccurately. Manual identification of diseases may take more time and may not accurately detect the disease. There could be a major drop in production if crop plants are destroyed due to slow detection and classification of plant illnesses. Radiologists used to segment leaf lesions manually, which takes a lot of time and work.

Objective

It is established that deep learning models are superior to human specialists in the diagnosis of lesions on plant leaves. Here, the “Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN)” based encoder-decoder architecture is suggested for the semantic segmentation of leaf lesions.

Methods

A proposed semantic segmentation model is based on the Dense-Net encoder. The LinkNet-34 segmentation model performance is compared with two other models, SegNet and PSPNet. Additionally, the two encoders, ResNeXt and InceptionV3, have been compared to the performance of DenseNet-121, the encoder used in the LinkNet-34 model. After that, two different optimizers, such as Adam and Adamax, are used to optimize the proposed model.

Results

The DenseNet-121 encoder utilizing Adam optimizer has been outperformed by the LinkNet-34 model, with a dice coefficient of 95% and a Jaccard Index of 93.2% with a validation accuracy of 97.57%.

Conclusion

The detection and classification of leaf disease with deep learning models gives better results in comparison with other models.
Protective Effect of Platycodin D on Allergic Rhinitis in Mice through DPP4/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Inhibition
Authors: Jia Qiaojing , Liu Zhichang , Wang Caixia , Yang Bingyi , Zhang Xiangjian , Shan Chunguang , Wang Jianxing
Published: January 2025

Background:

Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory condition characterized by nasal mucosa remodeling, driven by Immunoglobulin E (IgE). Platycodin D
(PLD) exhibits a wide range of bioactive properties

Aim:

The aim of this work was to investigate the potential protective effects of PLD on AR, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

The anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory potential of PLD was investigated in an ovalbumin-sensitized AR mouse model and human nasal mucosa
cells (HNEpC) challenged with interleukin-13 combined with PLD. Our assessment included an examination of nasal symptoms, tissue pathology,
and goblet cell hyperplasia. The levels of IgE, Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 in the serum were detected using Enzyme-linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Furthermore, quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and ELISA were employed to
determine the expressions of IL-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 in in vivo and in vitro settings. Western blot analysis was
conducted to investigate the changes in DPP4/JAK2/STAT3 in vivo and in vitro.

Results:

Our results demonstrated that oral administration of PLD significantly ameliorated nasal symptoms in AR mice, improved histopathological
changes in the nasal mucosa, raised the level of IFN-γ, and reduced IgE as well as IL-4 levels in the serum. PLD inhibited the expressions of IL-1β,
IL-6, TNF-α, and DPP4 in in vivo and in vitro settings. Notably, PLD modulated the changes in DPP4, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 induced by IL-13 in
HNEpC cells and AR mice.

Conclusion:

The findings suggested the potential of PLD as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of AR.
Multi-view 3D Reconstruction based on Context Information Fusion and Full Scale Connection
Authors: Wang Yunyan , Luo Yuhao , Xiong Chao
Published: January 2025

Background:

Multi-view stereo matching is the reconstruction of a three-dimensional
point cloud model from multiple views. Although the learn-based method achieves excellent results
compared with the traditional method, the existing multi-view stereo matching method will
lose the underlying details when extracting features due to the deepening of the number of convolutional
layers, which will affect the quality of subsequent reconstruction.

Objective:

The objective of this approach is to improve the integrity and accuracy of 3D reconstruction,
and obtain a 3D point cloud model with richer texture and more complete structure.

Methods:

Firstly, a context-semantic information fusion module is constructed in the feature extraction
network FPN, and the feature maps containing rich context information can be obtained
by using multi-scale dense connections.Subsequently, a full-scale jump connection is introduced
in the regularization process to capture the shallow level of detail information and deep level of
semantic information at the full scale, and capture the texture features of the scene more accurately,
so as to carry out reliable depth estimation.

Results:

The experimental results on DTU dataset show that the proposed CU-MVSNet reduces
the completeness error by 3.58%, the accuracy error by 3.7%, and the overall error by 3.51%
compared with the benchmark network. It also shows good generalization on TnT dataset.

Conclusion:

The CU-MVSNet method proposed in this paper can improve the completeness and
accuracy of 3D reconstruction, and obtain a 3D point cloud model with more detailed texture and
more complete structure.
A collection of Joseon poems published in the Qing Dynasty in the 19th century
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Kim YoungJin
Published: January 2025

This thesis examines the collection of Joseon poems published in the 19th century. In the late 18th century, exchanges of Joseon-the Qing Dynasty culture and literature through Joseon missions to Imperial China became active. Thus, the understanding and influence of culture, history, and literature in Joseon and the Qing were enhanced. Literary men from both countries often wrote preface or epilogue on the other's works, and Joseon writers often received writing, criticism, calligraphy, and portraits from top scholars and writers of the Qing Dynasty. In Joseon, works were published with the intention of presenting them to Qing writers. For example, in the 19th century, the Hong Seok Joo, Seo Yoo Gu, Nam Gong Chul published the works of themselves, brothers, father and grandfather and presented them to literary men of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, many people introduced their own poems and poems of forefathers to the literary world of the Qing Dynasty and published them in China. In the late 19th century, cases in which the works of Qing writers were published in Joseon also appeared. The exchange between Joseon and Qing greatly influenced the publishing culture of both countries (especially Joseon) and took on the form of a new publishing culture. Donating literary works of Joseon writers or presenting epigraph materials became more frequent. There were also cases of publishing and presenting works related to Geumgang Mountain, which were widely known in China. In addition, the compilation of Joseon's “collection of books”, “inventory” and “literal collection” became more active thanks to the active response of Qing writers.
Two Modes of Narrating the Byeongja-Horan(丙子胡亂): Focusing on Lee Geung-ik(李肯翊)’s 『Yeollyeosilgisul(燃藜室記述)』and Park Jong-hwa(朴鐘和)’s 『Daechunbu(待春賦)』(1937)
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Choi Jin-Kyung
Published: January 2025

This study examines the Byeongjahoran (丙子胡亂) from the perspective of historical narrative reconstruction, comparing and analyzing the narrative characteristics and significance found in Yi Geung-ik(李肯翊)'s 『Yeollyeosilgisul(燃藜室記述)』 and Park Jong-hwa(朴鐘和)'s 『Daechunbu(待春賦)』. The research aims to investigate how a single historical event can be reinterpreted and transformed through different temporal contexts and narrative forms.
Yeollyeosilgisul attempted to create a complete reconstruction of the Byeongjahoran through the extraction and rearrangement of historical sources, interpreting Choe Myeong-gil's advocacy for peace as an inevitable choice for dynastic preservation. Choe Myeong-gil emerges as a defender of Joseon values alongside Kim Sang-heon, who argued for resistance against the Qing, establishing a narrative structure of crisis and resolution, conflict and reconciliation.
Yeollyeosilgisul served not only as a primary source for modern Korean historical research but also as a foundational narrative for historical novels in the 1930s. This narrative was transformed and reappeared in Park Jong-hwa's 1937 work, Daechunbu. While based on anecdotes from Yeollyeosilgisul, Daechunbu evolves into a popular narrative by introducing fictional characters and events to strengthen causality between incidents and incorporating psychological monologues of characters. The emergence of Im Gyeong-eop and Prince Bongrim as new heroic figures is particularly noteworthy, as it metaphorically symbolizes the colonial reality of the era in which Daechunbu was written.
The relationship and transformation patterns between Yeollyeosilgisul and Daechunbu are significant as they serve as a reference point for understanding the flow and trends of historical content since the modern era, especially considering that Park Jong-hwa's historical novels later became widely used as source material for historical dramas and other historical content.
The fundamental demonstration of the defense recordof the Hwawang Fortress(火王山城) during the Jeongyu War(丁酉再亂)
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Kim Se-Ho
Published: January 2025

This article is the result of reviewing the records of Kwak Jae-woo(郭再祐)'s defense of the Hwawang Fortress(火王山城), which blocked Japanese troops during the Jeongyu War(丁酉再亂). During the Imjin War(壬辰倭亂), Kwak Jae-woo raised a righteous army to prevent the Japanese military from entering Jeongamjin(鼎巖津) in Uiryeong(宜寧). During the Jeongyu War, he was appointed by the GyeongsangJwadobangeosa(慶尙左道防禦使) and faced Japan at the Hwawang Fortress. In particular, the incident of the Hwawang Fortress was evaluated as a representative achievement of Kwak Jae-woo, and the scene of several scholars participating in the war and forming a league was talked about in history. Therefore, the purpose is to review the historical truth by records defending the Hwawang Fortress.
Hwawang Mountain(火旺山) is a representative mountain of Changnyeong (昌寧) in the Joseon Dynasty, and it played an essential role in cultural history and was an important location. When the Jeongyu War broke out, Kwak Jae-woo entered the Hwawang Fortress and defended it. It was evaluated to protect the area of Gyeongsang-do by preserving the castle without fighting the Japanese army. Since then, the fact that famous people participated in Hwawang Mountain has been circulated, and the list was put in the Donggorok(同苦錄) and passed on to history. However, the Donggorok was evaluated as a false book. As a result of examining the life story of a real person, it was confirmed that there were cases that did not match the actual situation.
This phenomenon may be in which related stories are mass-produced due to a unique war situation, and records occur in a different direction from the actual problem. Today, dictionary explanations and personal information derived through academic research describe inaccurate information as it is. It is confirmed that many cases were used without critically viewing the wrong content. As this part is linked to finding the truth of history, a careful approach from the academic world is required. Continuous verification and research are needed in the future so that the Hwawang Fortress can establish its status in name and reality as a symbolic defense record of the Jeongyu War.
México. Relaciones civiles-militares y desastres naturales
Authors: Barrachina-Lisón Carlos , Benítez-Manaut Raúl
Published: January 2025

Este articulo analiza la doctrina de Seguridad Nacional de México y las relaciones civiles-militares. Se parte de la base de que la participación militar en labores de desarrollo se fortalece desde los años 1960, por influencia del pensamiento desarrollista de Estados Unidos (Alianza para el Progreso). En este contexto, se examinan los planes militares de apoyo a la población civil en casos de desastres naturales y reconstrucción: DN-III-E, Plan Marina, Plan GN-A, planes que se convierten en un mecanismo importante para la política exterior de México, como acción externa militar humanitaria. Estas acciones no militares serán legitimadas por el aparato civil del Estado mexicano, especialmente, después de la aprobación de la Declaración de Seguridad de las Américas (2003) de la OEA, acerca de las amenazas multidimensionales a la seguridad.
Utilización de las Fuerzas Armadas uruguayas en situaciones de emergencia y desastres
Authors: Besio-Echeverría Félix Alberto
Published: January 2025

En situaciones de emergencia y desastres, es usual que los Gobiernos recurran a las Fuerzas Armadas, porque poseen recursos humanos y equipamiento para responder y colaborar en tal sentido. Pero esas misiones definitivamente son ajenas a los cometidos tradicionales militares. En el caso uruguayo, vale preguntarse si, desde el liderazgo político, esa actuación tiene alguna connotación de militarización o multifuncionalidad. Para responder tal pregunta, hago referencia a un marco teórico relativo a modelos de utilización del instrumento militar en situaciones de emergencia y desastres, para luego articularlo, tanto con el marco normativo vigente aplicable en Uruguay, como también con las misiones militares cumplidas por las Fuerzas Armadas en tales situaciones, concluyendo así en determinar el modelo de utilización de estas en situaciones de emergencia y desastres.
Las Fuerzas Armadas dominicanas y su participación en la gestión de emergencias
Authors: Bobea Lilian
Published: January 2025

Las Fuerzas Armadas dominicanas (FAD) son vistas por la mitad de la población y parte de la burocracia estatal como el recurso más eficiente, capaz, presto y, por tanto, más adecuado, para encarar las necesidades y desafíos de provisión, relocalización, reconstrucción, distribución de ayuda humanitaria y restablecimiento de servicios básicos en caso de catástrofes naturales. Este artículo analiza el proceso mediante el cual los militares han asumido progresivamente esos roles, y que les ha proporcionado un renovado protagonismo en el ámbito de la política administrativa de República Dominicana. Para eso, presenta los marcos normativos y los soportes institucionales que regulan su operación y detalla las capacidades adquiridas que la viabilizan. Concluye con una reflexión sobre las posibles implicaciones que este reposicionamiento del sector militar puede tener para el desarrollo democrático, social e institucional del país.
El rol de las Fuerzas Armadas argentinas en emergencias y el apoyo a la comunidad
Authors: Ugarte José Manuel
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza el rol de las Fuerzas Armadas argentinas ante situaciones de emergencia con base en una revisión de la normatividad aplicable y la información existente respecto de la aplicación y los efectos de tales normas. Se busca establecer los beneficios y efectos de dicho rol para la sociedad, así como para el control civil y la conducción política de las Fuerzas Armadas. Se examina la evolución experimentada por dicho rol a partir del retorno del país a la democracia y los sucesivos cambios posteriores, que han ido determinando como un hito la expansión de este rol a través del concepto de “apoyo a la comunidad”, con los cuales las tareas subsidiarias han cobrado cada vez mayor relevancia frente a la función principal de defensa de las Fuerzas Armadas.
Evaluation of a Global Initiative for Asthma Education and Implementation Program to Improve Asthma Care Quality (CARE4ALL): Protocol for a Multicenter, Single-Arm Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Kewu , Wang Wenjun , Wang Ying , Li Yanming , Feng Xiaokai , Shen Huahao , Wang Chen
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Poor symptom control and exacerbations of asthma diminish quality of life and pose a significant burden to patients and society. Implementing evidence-based management as recommended by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), especially introducing inhaled corticosteroid–containing treatments, has the potential to vastly reduce exacerbations and the high burden of asthma in China. However, domestic implementation of the GINA recommendations has been unsatisfactory, especially in lower-level hospitals; thus, an enhancement to the awareness of and adherence to the GINA recommendations among Chinese physicians is needed to improve patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to bridge the gap between the GINA recommendations and the current clinical practice in China by demonstrating the benefits of an asthma quality improvement program (QIP).

METHODS

A single-arm study will be conducted at around 30 hospitals across China to assess the impact of a specially designed asthma QIP. Approximately 1500 patients with asthma aged ≥14 years will be enrolled in participating hospitals and followed up for 48 weeks. The QIP—targeted at all pulmonologists and specialist nurses—will include an initial comprehensive training (including a pretraining questionnaire and posttraining quizzes) provided by a dedicated, qualified training team based on the GINA 2021 recommendations, followed by regular reinforcement learnings (integrated into the regular department lectures delivered by department directors), with multiple offline and online approaches (eg, an online patient management platform) provided as supportive tools. During this study, GINA implementation performance will be continuously monitored to inform necessary adjustments at the hospital level. The primary end point is change from baseline in the proportion of participants with an inhaled corticosteroid–based maintenance or reliever treatment at week 48. Secondary end points and exploratory end points include changes in clinical practice and patient outcomes such as treatment patterns, asthma control, and hospitalization rates due to exacerbations.

RESULTS

This study has been completed, with 1500 patients enrolled and 1271 patients completing the study. The last visit of the last patient was on September 3, 2024, and the database lock was on September 28, 2024. Final analysis of data has started in October 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

The Change Asthma Clinical Practice through GINA Education and Implementation for All Patients With Asthma (CARE4ALL) study will hopefully help improve asthma management and patient outcomes in China by bridging the gap between evidence-based GINA recommendations and the current clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05440097; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05440097

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/65197
Current Status and Challenges of Planetary Health Education: A Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Shoji Yayoi , Suzuki Kana , Tamai Nao , Kohta Masushi
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The impacts of climate change, such as air pollution and abnormal weather, are becoming more apparent and threatening to human health. In response, the concept of planetary health was proposed in 2015 based on the recognition that human and Earth health are closely related, and the general public needs to improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems through a comprehensive approach. As economic development and human longevity progress, the burden on the Earth’s environment will increase; however, systematic methods for education and planetary health practices have not yet been established.

OBJECTIVE

This study will aim to clarify the current status and challenges of planetary health-related education, thus providing material for future curriculum development.

METHODS

A scoping review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines will be conducted using the Population-Concept-Context framework. Without a defined target period, original articles and conference proceedings published in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched, and the findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.

RESULTS

Data collection is scheduled to begin in May 2024 and conclude by March 2025. Preliminary data analysis will take place in April 2025, with results expected to be published by May 2025. 

CONCLUSIONS

This study will identify the current status and challenges of planetary health education. The findings will contribute to developing future curricula that promote ecosystem health and sustainability.
Impact of Online Business on the Offline Business
Authors: Joshi Shreya
Published: January 2025

To explore the growth of online trade and it has a great threat to retailers. Retailers covers major part of our Indian
market and there was a larger population which is dependent on the retail stores to get their things. But nowadays the large
number of customers are increasilngly shifting to the e-commerce. this paper is to analyse the factors which helps to growth of
the online business.Factors include convience of time, cost effectiveness, and many more which leads to online shopping and
because of these offline business are facing various challenges. additionally, the study investigate that what strategies is used by
offline business to retain in this competitive world.it also finds that offline business has facing decrease in sales and profit. it is
very tuft for small business to survive in this era. They are facing fear of losing their livelihood because of online business as
their profitability of is very much affected by it but still they are trying new new strategies like giving free home delivery and
many more to survive in the market. the study has limited time, cost and area but we have tried to give our best effort to the study
to give the best result
What are Deep Disagreements?
Authors: Arroyo Gustavo javier
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The scholarship on deep disagreements presents us with a considerable number of seemingly disparate characterizations concerning the nature of these disputes. This paper is motivated by the desire to grasp what these characterizations are. An answer is provided through the method of reconstructive analysis. Two ideal and paradigmatic models of deep disagreements are defined initially. Then, individual characterizations found in the scholarship are examined against the background of such models. Special attention is given to Fogelin’s paper, the work that initiates modern discussion on deep disagreements. According to the interpretation provided in the following paper, both models inadvertently coexist in this seminal work.
 
Résumé: Les études sur les désaccords profonds nous présentent un nombre considérable de propriétés apparemment disparates concernant la nature de ces conflits. La rédaction de cet article est motivée par le désir de comprendre quelles sont ces propriétés. Une réponse est fournie par la méthode de l'analyse reconstructive. Deux modèles idéaux et paradigmatiques des désaccords profonds sont d'abord définis. Ensuite, les propriétés individuelles trouvées dans les études sont examinées dans le contexte de ces modèles. Une attention particulière est accordée à l'article de Fogelin, l'ouvrage qui initie la discussion moderne sur les désaccords profonds. Selon l'interprétation fournie dans l'article suivant, les deux modèles coexistent par inadvertance dans cet ouvrage fondateur.
Reply to Yu and Zenker
Authors: Freeman James
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Yu and Zenker (2022) argue that the oft-made distinction between convergent and linked argument structure is problematic. If their account holds, the linked/convergent distinction, at least as I have characterized it (Freeman 2011), seems to violate the dictum that structural analysis should come before evaluation. In this Reply I defend the position that we do not need to estimate or determine argument strength to determine whether the premises of an argument are linked or convergent.
 
Résumé: Yu et Zenker (2022) soutiennent que la distinction souvent faite entre structure d’argumentation convergente et structure d’argumentation liée est problématique. Si leur explication est valable, la distinction liée/convergente, du moins telle que je l’ai caractérisée (Freeman 2011), semble violer le dicton selon lequel l’analyse structurelle doit précéder l’évaluation. Dans cette réponse, je défends la position selon laquelle nous n’avons pas besoin d’estimer ou de déterminer la force de l’argument pour déterminer si les prémisses d’un argument sont liées ou convergentes.
Modeling Short-Range Microwave Networks to Scale Superconducting Quantum Computation
Authors: LaRacuente Nicholas , Smith Kaitlin N. , Imany Poolad , Silverman Kevin L. , Chong Frederic T.
Published: January 2025

A core challenge for superconducting quantum computers is to scale up the number of qubits in each processor without increasing noise or cross-talk. Distributed quantum computing across small qubit arrays, known as chiplets, can address these challenges in a scalable manner. We propose a chiplet architecture over microwave links with potential to exceed monolithic performance on near-term hardware. Our methods of modeling and evaluating the chiplet architecture bridge the physical and network layers in these processors. We find evidence that distributing computation across chiplets may reduce the overall error rates associated with moving data across the device, despite higher error figures for transfers across links. Preliminary analyses suggest that latency is not substantially impacted, and that at least some applications and architectures may avoid bottlenecks around chiplet boundaries. In the long-term, short-range networks may underlie quantum computers just as local area networks underlie classical datacenters and supercomputers today.
Political economy of special economic zones location in Poland
Authors:   Department of Macroeconomics and International Trade Theory, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, Cieślik Andrzej
Published: January 2025

Aim/purpose – This article’s main objective is to empirically assess the role of political
representation in determining the spatial location of SEZs in Poland in the late 1990s. In
particular, we test the main hypothesis, postulating that the location of SEZs was more
likely to occur in regions with a stronger political representation of the ruling party.
Design/methodology/approach – To study the role of political representation in deter-
mining the location of SEZs in Poland in the 1995-1997 period, we use statistical data
for the former 49 Polish regions and estimate the probit model with and without control-
ling for a number of regional characteristics.
Findings – We found that the political representation variable was an important deter-
minant of the location of the SEZs in Poland. In particular, our estimation results showed
that the likelihood of the SEZ location in a specific region was positively affected by
a stronger political representation of the ruling party in that region.
Research implications/limitations – The study’s main limitation is its focus on a single
country only: Poland.
Originality/value/contribution – This is the first empirical study devoted to the role of
political representation in the location of SEZs in general and in Poland in particular.
Keywords: lobbying, Poland, political economy, special economic zones.
JEL Classification: D72, R12.
The Power of Mimesis and the Mimesis of Power in the Production of Subjectivity
Authors: Kondakova A. S.
Published: January 2025

The article compares and analyses two approaches to the production of subjectivity — Foucauldian and Girardian — within the context of contemporary political philosophy and philosophical anthropology. These two theories—which are arguably dominant in their respective fields—are compared due to their shared focus on the role of power and violence in the formation of the subject. Both approaches acknowledge the importance of power in shaping the self, but they differ in their emphasis on specific aspects of this process. In the Foucauldian approach, power is seen as a pervasive and complex force that permeates all aspects of society, while in Girardian theory it is understood as a more localized and intentional form of domination. Despite these differences, both approaches share a common understanding that the subject is shaped through the application of power techniques, including the use of violence. However, each approach places a different emphasis on the role of these techniques in the formation of identity and agency. Thus, in Foucauldian thought, violence internalized and instrumentalized by power through its localization in institutions is external to the individual — who appears to be a passive recipient of subjectifying practices; this also reflects the “political capture of the body” by biopower as the infection of the individual by power and self-control, and, consequently, becoming a mediator of power oneself. In contrast, the Girardian perspective—in which mimesis is the primary condition for the formation and operation of society—asserts the supremacy of violence around which institutions form, due to which violence is only partially removed from the individual. Thus the role of being violence’s operator is imposed upon them — though in a depoliticized form not directly linked to power structures. Both theories of the reproduction of subjectivity, in one way or another, diagnose and describe the crisis of the individual. They therefore propose their own solutions for overcoming this crisis. However, they share the common understanding that subjectivity is rooted in the individual. As a result, the strategies proposed by Foucault and Girard, such as self-care practices and radical Christianity, which are not formed by external power, do not transcend power or mimesis.
From Science to Utopia: Marcuse and Critical Utopianism
Authors: Agamalova L. A.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the concept of utopia in its post-Marxist context. Since the 1970s—against the backdrop of the failures of May 68, the self-exposures of the USSR, and the decline of the workers’ movement, as well as in accordance with the immanent history of the logic of the history of philosophy itself—the concept of utopia has been running through new areas of meaning and is extremely dialectical in two modes: temporal and ontological. The first transforms utopia from never-being into “past”, the second provides two inversions, considering it as 1) a dystopia, the other of utopia, which is declared to be the hidden truth of utopia; and — when it is fundamentally possible according to its own concept — 2) as impossible, in connection with which utopia and its concept return to the discourse as a kind of empty place around which modern pessimism circles, correctly believing that the future is unimaginable. The time of ends, from the end of the grand narratives of disappointed radicals (Lyotard) to the end of politics (see Rancière’s analysis), is, however, picked up by Marcuse, who suggests considering utopia as ahistorical. The author introduces this strange ahistorical or even anti-historicalism as historical, relying on the conceptualized phenomenon of the desynchronization of the “base” (the development of productive forces to the degree necessary for social revolution) and the “superstructure”, which runs into a limit, since it cannot represent the restrained base, which has broken out of the formational “scientific” logic. When Marcuse writes that a utopia in the strict sense can now be called a project that violates the laws of nature, he means the “impossible” into which utopia turns after the catastrophes of the 20th century, betraying the truth of its concept contained in the simple possibility of another world. More than 50 years after “The End of Utopia” and almost 30 years after the ontological turn in philosophy, we can say that utopia is still unimaginable — in the strict sense is what violates the laws of logic. This thesis opens up the possibilities of a new dialectic and its alliance with transcendentalism, which the author considers as a critique of plastic reason in the spirit of Malabou, constructing time and time again the assumptions-concepts that it needs and which are “practically necessary” according to Kant.
Biofilm Technology in the Production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii: an Appraisal of Feasibility - a Short Review
Authors: Sow Cyn Shieng , Yusoff Fatimah Md , Ramli Norulhuda Mohamed , Lim Keng Chin , Abd Karim Murni Marlina
Published: January 2025

This review examines biofilm formation, composition, and its impact on prawn culture. It investigates the factors that influence the development of biofilms and their interactions with the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii within the context of nutrient-rich biofilms. This review also explores the concept of biofilm production and its application in giant freshwater prawn cultivation, including the incorporation of probiotics. This study investigates the effects of biofilms on vital water quality parameters, including pH, ammonia level, and dissolved oxygen. It also examines the effects on the health and growth of crustaceans. Aquaculture's rapid growth has impacted the environment in several countries. The M. rosenbergii prawn holds significant importance as an aquaculture species in Malaysia, demonstrating the ability to enhance the income of farmers experiencing economic difficulties. However, large amounts of water are used, high-nutrient effluents are released, large areas are occupied, natural habitats are changed, and exotic species escape from their habitats. Several studies have demonstrated the application of biofilm technology in enhancing the production, safety, and economic sustainability of M. rosenbergii farmers. Biofilms are microbial consortiums embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that adhere to submerged surfaces. This microbial cell consortium reduces ammonium and phosphate concentrations in aquaculture systems, providing a food source for the cultured species. Many studies have focused on the alternative microbial species with promising results. Therefore, the benefits of biofilm technology in the production of M.  rosenbergii are reviewed to facilitate future research, development, and applications in aquaculture.