bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Assessment of Forest Fire Risk Across Forest Types in Palpa District, Western Nepal: A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach
Authors: Adhikari Bipin Kumar , Dhakal Sandesh , Puri Lila , Bhattarai Abishkar
Published: January 2025

Forest fire is one of the challenging issues of forest management in Nepal. Climate change has triggered forest fire occurrences in Nepal's hilly regions, increasing fire incidences and severity. This makes these regions more vulnerable to forest fires. The management of forest fires requires planning and effort from people to reduce its hazards effectively. This study aims to identify the forest fire risk zones across different forest types in Palpa district of western Nepal. We used different spatial variables related to land use and terrain to model the forest fire risk zones. Seven potential influential factors: land use land cover, slope, aspect, elevation, land surface temperature, distance to roads, and proximity to settlements were analyzed using a multi-parametric weighted index model to create a forest fire risk index and predict the overall forest fire risk map. The resulted fire risk map was classified into five risk zones: very low, low, medium, high, and very high, covering 3.11%, 12.55%, 12.88%, 45.07%, and 26.39% of the study area respectively. The prepared map was evaluated using field-level fire occurrence points and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) fire points. The fire occurrence points were overlaid on forest-type maps to assess fire occurrence across different forest types. The accuracy assessment result shows that the model effectively identified the forest fire risk zones as most of the fire locations fell within these predicted regions. By forest type, Pine Forest was found to be the most vulnerable to fire followed by Sal Forest. The findings of this study enhance the understanding of forest fire risk zones, which is helpful to community members, planners, policymakers, and government agencies in preparing effective forest fire management strategies for this vulnerable district of Nepal.
Effects of Fire and Cutting on Vegetation Physical Properties and Herbivorous Foraging Behavior in the Grassland of Bardia National Park, Nepal
Authors: Bhusal Namrata , Bhusal Binit , Pokharel Basudev
Published: January 2025

Grasslands are critical ecosystems providing habitats and resources for wildlife. This study investigates the effects of grassland management practices, burning and cutting, on grass species composition and physical properties i.e., height and biomass in burned and cut grassland patches in the Bardia National Park (BNP). The study was carried out at Bagaura Phata of BNP. Vegetation assessment was carried out using point intercept method, with 1m2 quadrant and vegetation samples were hand separated into different parts (green leaf, green stem, dry leaf and dry stem) to compare the physical properties between burnt and cut plots. Likewise, grazing intensity and pattern was quantified by visual inspection of grazing, pellet group count and direct observation. Species diversity index for herbivores was estimated using Shannon’s diversity index. Our findings indicate significant differences in vegetation height between fire-treated and cutting-treated plots. Fire treatment significantly increased grass height, with a mean height of approximately 27.35 cm compared to 23.03 cm in cutting-treated plots. However, no significant disparities were observed in aboveground biomass between the two treatments. Additionally, distinct significant differences were found in the proportion of green leaf and dry leaf between fire-treated and cutting-treated plots, with the proportion of dry leaf being notably lower in fire-treated plots. Correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between grass height and grazing intensity, and between grass height and pellet group counts in both treatment types, indicating that grazing intensity decreases as vegetation height increases. No significant disparities were observed in grazing intensity between cutting and fire treatments. BNP contains more than 60 grass species of different families. There was no difference in the presence of individual grass species but difference between the plots receiving cutting and fire as a treatment- high presence of forbs species in the fire treatment. Desmostachya bipinnata, Narega prophyrocoma and Imperata cylindrica were dominant species in fire treatment plots whereas Vetivera zizanoides was dominant in cutting treatment plots. The study recommend for operations that a combination of burning and cutting to maintain biodiversity and optimize habitat conditions for various herbivores.
Modelling Height-Age Curves in Fast-Growing Deciduous Tree Species from Terai Region of Kumaun Foothills
Authors: Tripathi Mayank
Published: January 2025

Modelling tree and stand growth is one of the most significant aspects of forest science and simulation modelling. Such analysis helps in understanding forest dynamics in terms of growth and yield, survival and mortality patterns, biomass partitioning and carbon sequestration capacity of forest stands. In this study, a 3- parametric Chapman- Richards function was applied to evaluate cumulative, absolute and relative height growth curves in three fast growing tree species from Fabaceae family viz. Dalbergia sissoo, Delonix regia and Acacia catechu. Relative growth rates (RGRs) were calculated both as a function of “age” and “size” i.e., time and size dependent RGR. Cumulative, absolute and relative growth rate functions fitted quite well to all three species. Upper asymptotic values for total tree height were found to be maximum in D. sissoo (5.61 m), followed by A. catechu (4.97 m) and D. regia (3.34 m). Size- standardized RGR analysis showed that due to low rate of decline, D. sissoo had a superior RGR throughout most of its height development, despite its initial RGR being much less than those of other two species. Residual analysis of the cumulative datasets displayed absence of outliers, and the data were found to be normally distributed. Model parameters for all three species were statistically significant (P<0.005). The study thus investigates function- derived growth rates in plant growth modelling.
English Teachers' Attitudes Towards Professional Development Activities
Authors: Kshetree Arun Kumar , Pokhrel Prem Raj , KC Kamala
Published: January 2025

The role of teachers extends beyond the classroom; they are pivotal change agents in society who must continuously update their knowledge and skills to align with evolving time, technology and circumstances. This article explores some of the most common and effective strategies for teacher learning and professional development and teachers' attitudes toward them. For this, a questionnaire was administered to purposively selected thirty English teachers teaching grades XI and XII in government schools in and around Butwal. This study sheds light on the practices adopted by teachers and the degree to which they embrace professional development opportunities. The findings aim to provide actionable insights for fostering a culture of continuous learning among educators. Though most of the strategies and activities presented in this article do not cost extra fund, many teachers are not aware of the processes and opportunities of teacher learning and professional development. They are not trying these activities in their day to day English language teaching and learning situations. Knowing the importance of the activities and opportunities of professional learning and development, the teachers do not using them to be updated to teach in their ELT classes. This ultimately seems to hamper the quality of teaching and education process as well as the personality of the teachers due to being less competent in teaching English.
Problems Faced by English Language Teachers on Transfer of Training Skills
Authors: Bhandari Bhim Lal , Bhandari Laxman Prasad
Published: January 2025

Transfer of training is a continuous process of applying the content, instructional knowledge, and skills learned during the training session into classroom practice. This study explored problems faced by secondary-level English language teachers on the transfer of training abilities in their classroom practices. The study was conducted using a narrative inquiry method applying unstructured interviews to get the required information. Four trained English language teachers teaching in four public schools in Rupandehi district were selected purposively. This research revealed pedagogical transformation through training was not satisfactory as the teachers partially transferred the learned knowledge and skills from training in the classroom delivery. Moreover, poor resources and overload, ineffective curriculum and TPD (Teacher professional development) training, poor collaborative culture, and inadequate administrative support were some problems to increase the rate of transfer of training skills. The study can contribute to providing insightful ideas to the teachers in the transformation of training skills.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of ELT Teachers: Nepali Teachers' Voices
Authors: Pandey Dinesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

This study explores the experiences of Nepali English language teachers teaching English in Nepal, with a special focus on the challenges and transformations they face as learners and educators. Drawing on interviews with four high school teachers from institutional schools in the Kathmandu Valley, the research employs a transformational theoretical framework to transcribe, code, and thematically analyze data. The findings highlight persistent traditional teacher roles and reveal critical challenges, including discriminatory policies, multilingual classroom dynamics, and inadequate pedagogical training. The study also emphasizes the shifting status of English from a foreign to a second language and the influence of pedagogical advancements and technological innovations, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes have redefined teachers' roles, transforming them from knowledge dispensers to guides, mentors, and facilitators.
Exploring English Language Teachers' Experiences on Extensive Reading: An Interpretive Inquiry
Authors: Sharma Janaki
Published: January 2025

This study explores teachers' perspectives on extensive reading and it also highlights the challenges and support faced by English teachers in implementing Extensive Reading (ER) activities. It also explores whether extensive Reading could enhance students' motivation to read in English and foster positive attitudes towards reading in English. Novice and experienced teachers were involved and semi-structured interview was the main tool of data collection. The study involved two novice and two experienced teachers from private schools in Kathmandu. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers. The findings show that while teachers recognized the benefits of ER and supported its implementation, challenges like tough books, lack of libraries, and lack of knowledge about the selection of level-appropriate books for students makes it hard to use ER. The study also suggests ER could be better way to teach reading in English language classroom because it makes reading fun and allows autonomy to select their reading resources. This study further attempts to contribute to the growth of future research in Extensive Reading in Nepal.
A Review on Perceptions of the Teachers on the Applicability of Post-method Pedagogy in Language Teaching
Authors: Pokharel Krishna
Published: January 2025

This study aims to observe how the parameters of post-method pedagogy plays a role in English language teaching from the perspectives of teachers. To acknowledge these perspectives, this study reviewed 19 articles published in the relevant genres, particularly analyzing findings derived from these very writings. The research design employed in this study was qualitative and the methodology that I used was preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta analysis. It elicits teachers’ inclination in the applicability and future scope of post-method pedagogy in English language classrooms. It reveals that many teachers have positive perspectives concerning the parameters of post method pedagogy and its strategies in teaching language; however, they have not succeeded for its complete application because of decade-long challenges existing in the classrooms. The result also discloses that the shift from transmission to transformative teaching techniques embraces a slow move. This study contributes to the practical understanding of the potentiality of three parameters in post-method pedagogy as a new paradigm to evaluate how current practices are ongoing in language teaching. Thus, traditional methods of teaching are constantly under inspection, and teachers’ struggle to transform their pedagogy in language teaching has a trivial impact on ongoing pedagogy.
Challenges and Strategies in Graduate Thesis Writing: Insights from a Literature Review
Authors: Sharma Madhukar
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to critically review the challenges faced by graduate students while writing thesis and strategies they employ to solve the problems of thesis writing. The research approach adopted in this study includes views, reviews, and critics put forward in different literature. Many students find it challenging to dedicate enough time for research, writing, and revisions, which often results in last minute efforts and heightened stress. Selecting an appropriate and manageable topic can be intimidating, as students may feel overwhelmed by the vast amount of available research. Additionally, many struggle with writing skills, making it difficult to express their ideas clearly and concisely, which can compromise coherence and academic quality. Inconsistent or insufficient feedback from advisors can also lead to confusion and frustration, affecting the overall quality of their thesis. This paper outlines the main challenges students encounter while writing their theses, including issues with time management, choosing a topic, writing abilities, and receiving feedback. It also discusses effective strategies for tackling these problems, such as developing organized timelines, obtaining support from peers or advisors, and enhancing writing skills through workshops and resources. Ultimately, the conclusion stresses the significance of addressing these challenges to improve the quality and success of thesis projects.
Aesthetic Voice of Versified English Poetry in Nepal
Authors: Poudel Om Prakash
Published: January 2025

The present study posits the teachers’ perspectives and experiences in teaching English poetry in Nepal. It aims to reveal the complexities that EFL teachers face when teaching English poetry. Poetry consists of arcane lexicons due to constraints on metrical patterns. To fit into these patterns and create rhythmicity in the lines, verse composers apply pliable meters, which make poetry pedagogy a challenge in the EFL context in Nepal. Based on an interpretive research paradigm, this study used the hermeneutic phenomenological method to conduct fieldwork and data analysis. Seventeen English language teachers were purposively selected from government and private schools in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. In this study, in-depth interviews were used as data collection tools to explore the perspectives and experiences of teachers who taught English poetry as a foreign language. The study disclosed significant challenges regarding the aesthetics of language used in poetry and English versified poetry recitation in the context of Nepal, owing to linguistic, pedagogical, and cultural aspects. These challenges created problems for the appreciation of this literary genre and the effective pedagogy of poetry. This study highlighted the necessity of curriculum revision to provide teachers with sufficient information about poetic elements such as feet, meter, rhyme, rhythm, caesura, and tempo. Similarly, it emphasized the need for a deeper understanding of poetic forms and recitation art to address the challenges of applying innovative teaching techniques such as the Poetry Box Method.
Challenges Faced by Bajjika-Speaking Students in Learning the English Language
Authors: Gupta Puja Kumari , Neupane Bharat Prasad
Published: January 2025

The qualitative study discusses in detail some of the complex challenges Bajjika speaking students face with regard to learning the English language. Based on the interpretive paradigm, this research will be using the phenomenological approach to tap into detailed insights on the factors affecting language acquisition among Bajjika-speaking students. Using a purposeful selection criterion, four students studying at public schools in Sarlahi district, Nepal, were purposively selected, and the researcher conducted in-depth interviews and informal conversations. The results pointed out complex issues significantly affecting the process of learning the English language among Bajjika speakers, including mother tongue interference regarding pronunciation, grammar, and sentence structure because of the similarities and differences in the Bajjika and English linguistic systems. Recommendations from the study undertaken include preparing and implementing teaching materials that are culturally relevant, expanded teacher training programs targeting linguistic diversity, and greater community involvement in support of language education initiatives.
Teachers’ Perception and Experiences on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Integration in English Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Ghimire Puna Ram , Neupane Bharat Prasad
Published: January 2025

This study reports English language teachers’ perceptions and experiences of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and the professional development needs for its effective integration subscribing to Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) as a theoretical lens. We employed narrative inquiry research method and semi-structured interviews to elicit the experiences of three secondary level English teachers in Butwal Sub-metropolitan City of the Rupandehi district. The research questions focused on teachers' perceptions and experiences of AI integration and their professional development needs. The findings revealed that teachers recognized the potential of AI to enhance personalized learning and instructional efficiency but face significant challenges, including technological proficiency, training, and ethical considerations. The implications of this research extended to educators and policymakers to address the digital divide and ensure equitable access to AI technologies in education to create more effective and personalized learning environments.
Ecofeminist Reading of Balakrishna Sama’s Don’t Cut down the Trees, Brother Woodcutter
Authors: Sharma Raju
Published: January 2025

Balakrishna Sama’s poem, Don’t Cut down the Trees, Brother Woodcutter, presents a compelling, environmental concern with socio-cultural reflections. This paper employs an ecofeminist perspective to analyze the poem, exploring the intricate connections between gender and nature. Ecofeminism, as a theoretical framework, posits that the oppression of women and the exploitation of nature are deeply interconnected and rooted in patriarchal structures. The analysis delves into the portrayal of nature as a feminine entity in the poem, drawing parallels between the exploitation of women and the exploitation of the environment. Through characters such as the Woodcutter and the trees personifying as dead mothers, the poem illustrates how patriarchal attitudes manifest in the destruction of nature, echoing the subjugation of women. Furthermore, the ecofeminist perspective unveils the significance of women as agency in environmental activism. Characters like the mother and the trees symbolize the resistance against ecological destruction, emphasizing the vital role of mothers in nurturing and protecting the environment. By intertwining environmental and gender concerns, Don’t Cut down the Trees, Brother Woodcutter underscores the need for a paradigm shift towards a more equitable and sustainable relationship with nature. This ecofeminist reading sheds light on the complex interplay between gender and nature in Balakrishna Sama’s poem, offering insights into how literature can contribute to broader conversations about environmental justice and gender equality.
Social Identity Theory and Group Behavior
Authors: Khadka Chetan
Published: January 2025

This article explores Social Identity Theory (SIT) as a framework for understanding group behavior and intergroup dynamics. Developed by Tajfel and Turner (1979), SIT examines the psychological processes of social categorization, social identification, and social comparison, which underpin how individuals form group identities and perceive out-group members. The article delves into the core mechanisms of SIT, including the ways in which social categorization shapes in-group/out-group distinctions, social identification strengthens group cohesion, and social comparison drives behaviors aimed at maintaining or enhancing group status. Through the lens of SIT, the article highlights the complexities of loyalty, prejudice, and intergroup conflict, offering insights into the factors that promote cooperation or rivalry between groups. Modern extensions of SIT, such as self-categorization theory, are also discussed to emphasize the evolving nature of group dynamics in contemporary society. The implications of SIT are examined in various contexts, including nationalism, workplace dynamics, and community integration, demonstrating its relevance in both local and global phenomena. Ultimately, the article underscores the importance of SIT in understanding group behavior and provides directions for future research on the evolving nature of group identities in an increasingly interconnected world.
The better Electoral system : Need of Nepal
Authors: Guragain Govinda Prasad
Published: January 2025

The argument to prepare this research paper is that to analyze the various aspects of electoral systems which are practiced in the different countries of the world and discuss the better electoral system in Nepal as it is preparing itself for the system of federalism. It also studies the inclusive democracy and the electoral system practiced in the contemporary politics and the CA polls. The issue of election at different levels in federal system, in which inclusive democracy is again the question of national debate. It tries to raise the issue of the election system to be adopted in the upcoming elections. As Nepal faced the challenging situation in contemporary politics and the model of FPTP and List PR system practiced in the CA elections in 2008 and 2013. Here is the description of electoral system practiced in the world and their merits, demerits which give the clear idea to judge the electoral system suitable for a country like Nepal. The paper analyses the CA election 2008 and its result. Even it discusses about the reforms needed for the FPTP and List PR, Parallel mixed system or any other electoral system which can be more proportional and inclusive in the context of Nepal.
Saptanga theory of the state in Kautilya’s Arthasastra
Authors: Prasain Indira Devi
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes Kautilya’s Saptanga theory of the state as delineated in the Arthasastra, a seminal work in Eastern political philosophy by applying secondary data. Kautilya's Arthasastra is widely regarded as a cornerstone of Eastern political science due to its comprehensive examination of various aspects of governance, ranging from statecraft and warfare to diplomacy, ethics, and geopolitics. The text portrays a realistic governance portrayal, depicting a complex administrative structure, taxation systems, and an advanced intelligence apparatus. Kautilya advocated a strong state with a combination of seven limbs; every element is equally important for successive states. Kautilya posits that the state's primary objective is to elevate humanity from its natural state, allowing individuals to practice their religion and maintain private property rights. In Kautilya's conception, the king assumes the role of a moral guardian, ensuring his subjects' justice and welfare. Moreover, Arthasastra advocates for a decentralized governance model, wherein the state exercises control over autonomous organizations, and prevents absolute authority.
Some new examples of nuclear spaces
Authors: Sah Satya Narayan
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we study about nuclear spaces of continuous functions and find a new example of nuclear spaces of continuous functions which help us for better understanding of the nuclear spaces of continuous functions. We show that the space of infinitely differential functions on an open set in R2 is nuclear.
Role of Microfinance in Socio-Economic Development in Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Shiv Narayan
Published: January 2025

No systematic effort to map the distribution of microfinance has yet been undertaken. A benchmark was established by an analysis of 'alternative financial institutions' in the developing world in 2004. The authors counted approximately 665 million client accounts at over 3,000 institutions that are serving people who are poorer than those served by the commercial banks. Of these accounts, 120 million were with institutions normally understood to practice microfinance. Reflecting the diverse historical roots of the movement, however, they also included postal savings banks (318 million accounts), state agricultural and development banks (172 million accounts), financial cooperatives and credit unions (35 million accounts) and specialized rural banks (19 million accounts). Regionally, the highest concentration of these accounts was in India (188 million accounts representing 18% of the total national population). The lowest concentrations were in Latin America and the Caribbean (14 million accounts representing 3% of the total population) and Africa (27 million accounts representing 4% of the total population, with the highest rate of penetration in West Africa, and the highest growth rate in Eastern and Southern Africa Considering that most bank clients in the developed world need several active accounts to keep their affairs in order, these figures indicate that the task the microfinance movement has set for itself is still very far from finished. This paper attempts to study the role of Micro-Finance in socio- economic empowerment.
Sociological study of Ghanachakkar
Authors: Dahal Teknath
Published: January 2025

Sanjeev Upreti’s novel Ghanachakkar manifests different problems observed by a professor. In the history of Nepal innumerable murders, crimes and offenses have been but the truth behind them has not been revealed. Many crimes are committed to hide one crime. This is “Ghanachakkar”. As we have to forget the causes and impact of those murders or massacre, the author shows truth can come out if we move from place to place in the guise of a beggar or an investigator. The protagonist moves from place to place hiding his identity, then he gets some partial truth of those mysterious events. Novels can be useful to observe Sociology of Literature.
Student Access to Bachelor and Master level of Education faculty in Purwanchal University
Authors: Adhikari Toyanath
Published: January 2025

Education develops human personality, thoughts, dealing with others and prepares people for life experiences. Education is the backbone for all round development of the nation. The educational status is regarded as one of the crucial factors for assessing human development index of a country. In Nepalese context, different educational policies have been adapted in the country after almost every democratic movement, with an aim to enhance student access to quality education. Purbanchal University, has been playing leading role to provide education to the people through several different constituents as well as affiliated campuses throughout the country. However, the condition of student access to higher education in terms of their gender, ethnicity, and geographical proximity is still not satisfactory. The present study is concerned with the current scenario of student access to higher education in Purbanchal University.
साहित्यिक सौन्दर्यप्रति एक दृष्टि अनेक विचार
Authors: तिमल्सेना Timalsena बाबुराम Baburam , अधिकारी Adhikari अनिल Anil , फुलारा Fulara टीका Tika
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
यो प्रेम ! नाटकमा मनोविश्लेषण
Authors: घर्ती Ghartee दुर्गा बहादुर Durga Bahadur
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
कीर्तिस्थम्भ अभिलेखमा प्रयुक्त ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक र साहित्यिक सन्दर्भ
Authors: चौलागाईं Chaulagain प्रेमप्रसाद Prem Prasad
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
सावर्णि उपन्यासमा विज्ञान बिषयक स्वैरकल्पना
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal दीपकप्रसाद Deepak Prasad
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
शोधकार्यमा नारीवादी सिद्धान्तको सम्स्लेषण
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal निर्मला Nirmala
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
उत्तरवर्ती नेपाली उपन्यासमा लैंगिकता : प्रयोगिक संस्लेषणको प्रतिरूप
Authors: घिमिरे Ghimire माया Maya
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
छेक्यो छेक्यो देउराली डाँडा गीतमा लयव्यवस्था
Authors: भुसाल Bhusal राजु Raju
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
भोजपुर जिल्लामा सहकारी संस्थाहरुका समस्या र समाधानका उपायहरु
Authors: प्रधान Pradhan सम्झना Samjhana
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
नेपालमा शैव धर्म
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari सुशीलकुमार Sushil Kumar
Published: January 2025

पूर्णलेखमा उपलब्ध छ l Available with full text.
History Together and Apart
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Oriental Studies, MGIMO University, Zuenko Ivan Yu. ,   Senior Research Fellow, Institute of International Studies
Published: January 2025

Public opinion is potentially ready to revise relations with Russia. The Chinese people’s
attention from schooldays is focused on episodes associated with the period of China’s defeat
and humiliation, where Russia is named as one responsible for it. The only barrier to sweeping
Russophobia is Beijing’s political will.
Downward
Authors:   Research Professor, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, National Research University–Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Lukyanov Fyodor A. ,   Editor-in-Chief, Russia in Global Affairs
Published: January 2025

The idea of a “ladder” implies something going up, but escalation is more like steps leading
down into depths from which it is increasingly difficult to return. In Up the Down Staircase, a
school student writes: “We’re a fast breed because we don’t know if there is time ahead or total
annihilation of Man.” Sixty years have passed since the novel’s publication. Are we still in a
hurry?
Out of Time but in Space
Authors:   Head of the Specialized Department of Eurasian Economic Integration, Institute of Law and National Security, RANEPA, Sargsyan Tigran S.
Published: January 2025

The EAEU’s digital agenda is unique―it has laid the foundation for joint progress through
common regulation without restricting national sovereignty.
Assessment of skin microcirculation in different morphotypes of face and neck aging
Authors: Aleksandruk O. D. , Labiak I. R. , Bitska I. V. , Pavliuk N. M. , Atamaniuk V. M.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Objective – to establish the relationship between facial aging morphotypes and skin microcirculation indicators, which may form the basis for improving diagnostic and treatment methods for age-related changes. The study included 52 female patients aged 50 and older. Among the examined patients, the following facial aging morphotypes were identified: gravitational (28.8%), fine-wrinkled (15.4%), deformational (34.6%), and combined (21.2%). The microcirculation of the face was studied by the method of laser Doppler flowmetry. To obtain statistical data, we calculated the average arithmetic value (M), the probability of differences in the results of the study (p) relative to the indicators of different groups. The results were considered statistical when the probability ratio was less than or equal to 0.05. The microcirculation index in patients with the fine-wrinkled morphotype was significantly lower than that in individuals with the deformational morphotype by 1.5 times (p=0.005). There was also a significant difference between the microcirculation index in patients with gravitational and fine-wrinkled morphotypes (p=0.03), gravitational and combined morphotypes (p=0.04), and fine-wrinkled and combined morphotypes (p=0.002). So the best facial microcirculation indicators were found in patients with deformational and combined aging morphotypes, while the lowest were observed in patients with gravitational and fine-wrinkled morphotypes. Future research should focus on studying the relationship between microcirculatory disorders and morphological changes in the skin across different aging types, which may contribute to the development of new methods for preventing and treating age-related skin changes.
Peculiarities of head size, total and longitudinal body dimensions in Ukrainian men and women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gunas М. М.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Understanding the anthropometric characteristics of patients with multiple sclerosis is important for identifying potential links between somatotype and the course of the disease. The study of parameters such as head size, total and longitudinal body dimensions is important given the prevalence and severity of multiple sclerosis. This may improve the approach to the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics and gender differences in cephalometric indicators, total and longitudinal body dimensions in young Ukrainian men and women with multiple sclerosis. Cephalometric indicators, total and longitudinal body dimensions were determined in 35 Ukrainian men and 59 young women with multiple sclerosis with mild, moderate and moderately severe disorders. As a control group, similar anthropometric indicators of 82 practically healthy Ukrainian men and 101 young women were taken from the data bank of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya Research Center. Statistical analysis was performed in the licensed statistical package “Statistica 6.0” using non-parametric evaluation methods. In all groups of sick men and women, smaller values of the greatest head width and sagittal arc and larger values of the greatest head length were established compared to practically healthy men or women. In sick men with mild and moderately severe disorders, as well as in sick women of the general group and moderate disorders, larger values of mass and body surface area were established compared to practically healthy men or women. In most groups of sick men and women, higher values of the height of the suprasternal, acromial and finger anthropometric points and lower values of the height of the pubic and acetabular anthropometric points were established compared to practically healthy men or women, which, against the background of the practical absence of body length differences between healthy and sick men or women, indicate a more elongated torso and shorter lower limbs (a manifestation of a “subpathological” constitutional type). Only single reliable or trends in the above body dimensions were established between sick men or women. Pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism were established for most cephalometric dimensions, total and longitudinal body dimensions between men with multiple sclerosis (larger values) and women.
Total and longitudinal body dimensions in Ukrainian men with alopecia areata
Authors: Shakatira M. A. M. , Dmytrenko S. V. , Slyvka O. Ya. , Shapoval O. M. , Dronenko V. G. , Ruban M. M.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. Studying total and longitudinal body dimensions in patients with alopecia areata is important for assessing changes in anthropometric indicators associated with this disease. Studying the sexual characteristics of anthropometric indicators can contribute to improving diagnostic approaches and assessing the risks of developing concomitant pathologies. Analysis of the obtained data will allow integrating anthropological characteristics into a comprehensive strategy for the treatment and prevention of alopecia. The purpose of the study was to establish the characteristics of total and longitudinal body dimensions in young Ukrainian men with alopecia areata. Clinical-instrumental examination (using the ARAMO ASW 300 dermatoscope-trichoscope) and anthropological assessment (in accordance with the recommendations of Shaparenko P. P.) were conducted in 81 young Ukrainian men with alopecia areata. The severity of alopecia areata was assessed according to Shutskiy I. V. The control group included the total and longitudinal body dimensions of 82 practically healthy young Ukrainian men of the same age group, obtained from the database of the Scientific Research Center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the licensed software package “Statistica 6.0” with non-parametric evaluation methods. In contrast to practically healthy individuals, young Ukrainian men with alopecia areata, regardless of overall status or severity levels (Grades 1, 2, and 3), demonstrated significantly greater or tendencies toward greater values for body mass (12.57-20.96 %), body surface area (4.26-12.56 %), acromial height (1.84-2.45 %), and digit anthropometric points (3.40-5.42 %). Additionally, significantly lower values were observed for pubic height (5.23-6.85 %) and trochanteric height (13.07-14.28 %). These findings indicate that, compared to practically healthy individuals, men with alopecia areata have shorter lower limbs and longer upper limbs and torso, which manifests as a “subpathological” constitutional type. No significant differences or trends in total and longitudinal body dimensions were identified among groups of patients with varying degrees of alopecia areata severity. Thus, the findings suggest both genetic predisposition (changes in longitudinal body dimensions) and the influence of environmental factors (changes in body mass) in the development of this multifactorial disease.
Dynamics of cortisol indicators in patients with mild arterial hypertension I-II stages in the conditions of a stress test against the background of excessive anxiety and hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: Zarivna I. V. , Ovchar A. I. , Kutura M. V. , Levchenko V. A. , Bublyk S. A. , Soltysik L. M.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of cortisol levels in 105 patients with mild (grade 1) arterial hypertension (AH) of stage I-II (st.) against the hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) and excessive anxiety, in the conditions of a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). The control group of patients included 28 patients with mild hypertension, I-II stages, without signs of vegetosomatic disorders. The state of anxiety and HVS was determined by the Spielberger-Hanin scale and the Nijmegen questionnaire. The level of cortisol in saliva was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method on the “Stat Fax 303 Plus” analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica v.10 program (USA). It was found that normal baseline cortisol levels in patients of the main group with AH I stage were found in 36.96% of patients and amounted to 5.63±0.33 nmol/l, in AH II stage - in 41.46% of patients. The conditional norm was the result obtained in the group of practically healthy individuals. In the control group with I-II stage of hypertension, normal baseline values were observed in 65.5% and 58.33% of patients, respectively. Increased baseline cortisol levels (6.58±0.32) nmol/l were detected in 47.83% of patients in the main group with AH I stage, and in 46.34% of patients with AH II stage (6.72±0.26) nmol/l (p˂0.05); in the control group, respectively, in 37.5% and 41.67% of patients. The rest of the patients, reduced baseline cortisol levels were found. After 6 MWT, in the main group with stage I hypertension, the number of cases with elevated cortisol levels increased by 8.70%, and the number of patients with low levels decreased by 10.87%. In stage II hypertension, after 6 MWT, the number of patients with elevated cortisol levels increased by 12.20%, while the number of cases with low levels decreased by 7.32% and the number of normal levels decreased by 4.88%. In the control group with stage I hypertension after 6 MWT, a decrease in normal cortisol levels was noted in 6.25% of patients and a similar increase in the number of patients with elevated levels. In stage II hypertension after 6 MWT, cases with normal cortisol levels decreased by 16.33%; at the same time, the number of patients with elevated levels increased by 8.33%. The dynamics of cortisol levels after exercise in mild hypertension with excessive anxiety and hypertension indicates the tension of neuroendocrine regulation mechanisms, the risk of destabilization of the underlying disease under stress.
Peculiarities of total knee arthroplasty in patients with hemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Averyanov E. V. , Shkrebko V. O.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. There is a wide variety of clinical manifestations of hemophilia, but one of the most frequent is spontaneous intra-articular bleeding. It accounts for more than 90% of serious bleeding in patients with severe hemophilia. almost all patients with a severe form of hemophilia have damage to large joints in the form of hemophilic arthropathy, up to 90% of such patients require orthopedic assistance in the form of total joint replacement. The purpose of this study was to highlight one's own experience of performing total joint replacement in patients with hemophilia, their rehabilitation and hemostatic support during the stages of treatment. To perform our study, we analyzed the treatment of 34 patients with hemophilia who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Among the patients of the observation array, fibrosis of the synovial membrane of the knee joint was determined in 55.9% of cases. In 85.3% of patients, cicatricial changes in the medial and lateral surface of the patella were noted during access, which led to a decrease in patellofemoral mobility. In 17.6% of patients, during access, folds of the synovial membrane were found, which were returned to the joint cavity, which led to blockages during active movements. All patients underwent subtotal synovectomy during access to the joint. This was done not only to facilitate access to the bone structures of the knee joint, but also to prevent future bleeding. In 3 patients (8.8%) quadriceps plasty was performed to adequately expose bone tissue in the joint. In 1 patient (2.9%) in a similar situation with difficult access, we performed quadriceps dissection and osteotomy of the tibial tubercle. The conducted study indicated that total hip arthroplasty is the gold standard in the treatment of patients with hemophilic knee arthropathy. Endoprosthesis of the knee joint in patients with hemophilia can effectively reduce the arthralgic syndrome in the knee joint, increase the range of motion, and improve gait function. The use of combined replacement therapy during knee replacement surgery helps to reduce blood loss and allows patients to return to an active life. The results of knee arthroplasty in patients with hemophilia require further study in the longer term after surgery.
Analysis of Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction after Revascularization
Authors: Broniuk A. L. V.
Published: January 2025

Annotation. The objective of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the clinical and functional characteristics of the course of acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) after revascularization in patients who died and those who survived. The study included 286 patients with an average age of 62.8±9.8 years. Among the participants, 202 (70.6%) were men and 84 (29.4%) were women. All patients were hospitalized within 12 hours from the onset of pain syndrome, and all underwent urgent coronary angiography and stenting of the infarct-related artery. All patients underwent a general clinical examination, laboratory diagnostics including the determination of hemoglobin, glucose, creatinine, cystatin C, troponin I, C-reactive peptide; coronaroventriculography, 12-lead electrocardiography, and echocardiography according to the standard protocol. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed using the STATISTICA 6.1 software package, version No. ВХХR901E246022FA, and Microsoft Excel. It was found that 28 individuals (9.8%) died during the hospitalization stage. The average age of the deceased was 62.5 (55.5; 70.5) years, which does not significantly differ from that of the surviving patients. There was no statistical difference in gender characteristics either, with 21 (75.0%) men among the deceased and 181 (70.2%) men among the survivors, p=0.59. In the group of deceased patients, there was a significantly higher number of individuals with multivessel coronary artery disease, specifically 13 (46.4%) compared to 74 (28.7%), p=0.005. Among the surviving patients, there was a significantly higher number of individuals with single-vessel disease: 6 (21.4%) compared to 102 (39.5%), p=0.06. Among the deceased patients, acute heart failure Killip IV, p=0.009, and conduction disorders, p=0.01, were significantly more frequently diagnosed. In the group of deceased individuals, the levels of C-reactive peptide were significantly higher at 13.2 (5.5; 19.5) compared to 10.0 (6.0; 16.0), p=0.05; cystatin C levels were 1.61 (0.98; 1.51) compared to 1.23 (0.97; 1.38), p=0.05; and glucose levels were 8.8 (5.8; 12.1) compared to 7.1 (5.9; 10.0), p=0.05. So, among patients with STEMI, 28 individuals (9.8%) died during the hospital stage after urgent revascularization. Among the deceased patients, acute heart failure Killip IV and conduction disorders (sinoatrial and atrioventricular block) were significantly more frequently diagnosed, which became the cause of death. One of the most clinically and statistically significant factors distinguishing the comparison groups was the predominance of patients with multivessel disease. In the group of patients who died in the hospital, significantly higher levels of CRP, cystatin C, and glucose were noted. The level of cystatin C is a more sensitive diagnostic criterion in deceased patients compared to creatinine.