bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoding Pure Malware : Technical Insights, Case Studies, and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Dr. N. Kala  , Premanand Narasimhan
Published: November 2024

The Pure malware family, comprising components like PureCrypter, PureLogs, and PureMiner, represents a sophisticated and growing threat to global cybersecurity. This study delves into the malware's technical intricacies, its track record, and its alignment with frameworks like MITRE ATT&CK, CAPEC, and Palo Alto Unit 42. Through detailed case studies, we explore its impact on cloud infrastructure, virtual machines, containers, and caches. The study also proposes AI-powered mitigation strategies, digital forensics methodologies, reverse engineering practices, and proactive organizational policies to counteract such threats. Visualizations such as geofence maps, bar graphs, and timelines highlight the geographical and financial implications of Pure malware.
The affordances of cogenerative dialogue in mediating change within a madrasah: power dominance, student engagement and student-teacher relationship
Authors:   , Badron Mohamed Faizal
Published: November 2024

This study presents findings conducted in Madrasah Al-Ulum Islamiah (pseudonym) in Singapore with two students in the express academic stream and their physics teacher. Madrasah Al-Ulum Islamiah (MAUI) is a private non-secular school located in the Northwestern part of Singapore that offers both Islamic studies and secular subjects. MAUI is one of the six madrasahs in Singapore which is overseen by Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), an Islamic Religious Council of Singapore. The Islamic studies offered by the madrasah follow the standards stipulated by MUIS while the secular subjects follow the standards stipulated by the Ministry of Education (MOE). This study examines the affordances of cogenerative (cogen) dialogue in mediating change to student engagement, student-teacher relationship and power dominance between teacher and students within a madrasah. I chose to conduct this study in a madrasah due to the difference in culture as compared to secular schools. In a madrasah, the school culture is inspired by Islamic values and belief system. I am intrigued by the affordances of cogen dialogue to mediate change in such a culture. Cogen dialogue is a relatively new field of research in Singapore and most of the studies conducted were in secular government-aided schools. There is a dearth in implementing cogen dialogue research in private madrasah such as MAUI. Cogen dialogue is a reflective conversation between a few participants that shared a common experience in class. It provides an alternative space for participants to gather and talk about the classroom situation. The participants involved in cogen dialogue studies are mostly students, teachers and researchers. One of the desired outcomes of engaging in cogen dialogue is to catalyse change, to optimise teaching and learning praxis in the classroom. Besides optimising teaching and learning praxis, cogen dialogue plays a critical role in mediating cultures differences, managing behavioural expectations and transforming teacher identity. Drawing from video recordings in the classroom, I wrote vignettes of interest which captured students’ gazes, gestures, spoken discourses and heart rate measurements taken during lessons. I presented those vignettes to the participants during cogen dialogue sessions and leverage on interpretation analysis to make sense of the captured gazes, gestures and spoken discourses in terms of behavioural, cognitive and emotional engagement. The students shared the challenges they faced with their teacher in an attempt to change methods of instructions in the classroom. The analysis of change in student engagement, student-teacher relationship and power dominance mediated by cogen dialogue is grounded by the Theory of Structuration and three levels of interaction in the school – micro, meso and macro. I discussed the affordances of cogen dialogue in mediating change to the teacher’s and students’ agencies during lessons.
Metacontingências e Macrocontingências: Revisão de pesquisas experimentais brasileiras
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Martins Jade C. T. , Leite Felipe Lustosa ,   Universidade de Fortaleza e Imagine Tecnologia Comportamental
Published: November 2024

Há mais de uma década foi publicado o primeiro experimento analítico-comportamental que utilizou metacontingências como unidade de análise. Nesse período, pesquisas com macrocontingências tam-bém contribuíram para o entendimento de processos culturais e o desenvolvimento de pesquisa ex-perimental. O presente trabalho objetivou catalogar estudos experimentais brasileiros que utilizaram metacontingências e/ou macrocontingências, avaliar o desenvolvimento das principais manipulações experimentais e organizar as contribuições para a área conforme os objetivos de pesquisa declarados. Realizou-se levantamento e análise de artigos, teses de doutorado, dissertações de mestrado e traba-lhos de conclusão de curso, distribuídos em dois tipos de manipulações não excludentes: análogos de processos básicos e peculiaridades da seleção de práticas culturais. Foram listados 54 trabalhos, a maioria de dissertações de mestrado que utilizaram metacontingências. Três aperfeiçoamentos pro-cedimentais foram fundamentais para adequação dos procedimentos aos processos estudados: inde-pendência entre contingências individuais e culturais, diferenciação da natureza das consequências culturais e consequências individuais, e mudanças geracionais. Os trabalhos frequentemente aferiam os efeitos de mais de uma variável, considerando a complexidade da área e a busca por procedimentos mais adequados. Discute-se o desenvolvimento dos procedimentos, a distribuição dos interesses de pesquisa e possibilidades de análise com base nas revisões experimentais.
A cultura do diagnóstico e a emergênciade subjetividades psicopatológicas
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Bahia, Matos João Pedro Alves , Ferreira Tiago Alfredo da Silva ,   Universidade Federal da Bahia
Published: November 2024

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar, a partir de uma perspectiva da Análise do Comportamento, as implicações do diagnóstico psicopatológico para a construção de subjetividades que apresentam novas demandas para a clínica analítico-comportamental. Para tanto, faz uma revisão conceitual da estruturação do DSM – Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais – estabelecendo uma crítica a partir da literatura analítico-comportamental, assim como expondo discussões na área sobre o tema. Uma vez estabelecida tal discussão, é proposto que as consequências contemporâneas da proliferação de uma “cultura do diagnóstico” produzem demandas subjetivas específicas para a clínica analítico-comportamental. Também é proposto que, para além da discussão sobre a utilização de diagnósticos sindrômicos ou funcionais, faz-se necessário o estudo aprofundado da cultura do diagnóstico que pode estar presente independente da escolha do profissional de saúde sobre o empre-go do diagnóstico. Tal cultura envolve não apenas os profissionais de saúde, mas também os clientes que, tendo acesso livre a informação e a práticas sociais associadas aos modelos de saúde, tem sua subjetividade transformada a partir das contingências culturais vigentes.
Critical Reflection of Adolescents on Self-Expression Through Multimodal Texts on Social Media
Authors: - Uhe Suhaeti , Nelly Fawzia Rahmayani  , Abdul Rozak  , Jimat Susilo
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the low ability of students to represent themselves to the phenomena that occur during learning. This low ability is allegedly due to the lack of student confidence. This research aims to discover how adolescents' critical reflection in representing themselves in adolescent life is influenced by various multimodal texts uploaded on social media platforms. This study investigates how adolescents develop critical self-representation reflection through multimodal texts widely shared on social media. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through in-depth participant observation of a group of adolescents who actively use social media. Data analysis in the form of self-representation content uploaded on various mass media platforms. The study results showed that students were more free and confident in conveying critical reflection on the phenomena around them in self-representation in the form of multimodal texts through social media.
Narrative Poetry Writing Skills Through Fantasy Imagination Strategies: Efforts To Improve Students' Creative Ideas
Authors: Mas'amah  , Selvie Nandya Koriatin  , Dede Endang Mascita  , Yusida Gloriani
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe the ability of elementary school students to develop ideas and imagination in writing narrative poetry. The background of this research is the low ability of students to develop ideas and imagination in writing poetry. Therefore, this study applies a fantasy imagination strategy to stimulate and improve students' ability to develop their ideas and imagination to produce more creative and expressive narrative poetry. The research method used is the case study method. Case data was obtained by conducting open interviews with several Indonesian teachers, and classroom observations. In addition, additional data studied is students' creative poetry in the form of narrative poetry resulting from implementing the fantasy imagination strategy model. The participants in this study are fifth-grade elementary school students in Indonesia. The implementation of this fantasy imagination strategy model is carried out by utilizing images and concrete objects. Students are invited to see, hear, touch, and feel directly with the object. The process of fantasy imagination is carried out by students when students interact with concrete objects they observe. Students explore their fantasy ideas and imaginations as a creative thought process. The results of this study show that every activity of writing narrative poetry through fantasy imagination strategies is effective in improving students' abilities. The activities carried out showed significant development in the aspects of developing ideas, vocabulary, and students' creativity in writing narrative poetry.
Uso de redes bayesianas para el análisis de la relación enseñanza-aprendizaje considerando estilos de aprendizaje y metodos de enseñanza
Authors: Aguilar Chávez Luz Angélica , Rodríguez Medina Manuel Arnoldo , Aguilar Rivas Xóchitl Graciela
Published: November 2024

El análisis del empate entre estilos de enseñanza, así como los de aprendizaje como parte fundamental en la educación científica, se ha transformado en un foco de alta atención en el mundo, objeto de estudio para la formación de personas competentes para la actualidad y para el futuro de la sociedad, tan exigida de la generación de ciudadanos analíticos y sistemáticos dentro del ámbito científico. Este documento analiza la forma en que tanto los estilos de aprendizaje como los métodos de enseñanza afectan en el comportamiento académico de un alumno, aunado a un conjunto de variables adicionales al contexto que repercuten directamente en el aprovechamiento de los alumnos mediante la realización de un análisis y evaluación de los resultados de un muestreo a través de la construcción de redes bayesianas. El presente trabajo recopila información de 1,531 estudiantes y 1,531 docentes pertenecientes al Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Ciudad Juárez, referente a características pertenecientes a cada personaje como lo son las sociodemográficas; los estilos de enseñanza y aprendizaje se determinaron aplicando los tests correspondientes, como el de Honey y Alonso para los estilos de aprendizaje.
The effect of social cognitive theory based group psychoeducation program on the self-regulated learning skills and academic achievement of high school students
Authors: Uzakgiden Aysun Müge , Avcı Raşit
Published: November 2024

In this study, it was aimed to design a group psychoeducation program based on social cognitive theory to improve the self-regulated learning skills of high school students and to examine the effect of this program on the students' self-regulated learning skills and academic achievement. This research is a quasi-experimental study in which the pre-test, post-test and follow-up test results of the experimental and control groups are compared. A total of 32 volunteer students from an Anatolian High School in Turkey were randomly assigned to the experimental (n:16) or control group (n:16). The research data were obtained with personal information form and Self-regulated Learning Skills Scale. In the study, participants in the experimental group were included in an eight session psychoeducation program, while the control group was not included in any program. A psychoeducational program was applied to the students in the experimental group, with sessions held once a week for 60 minutes. A posttest was conducted following the completion of the group sessions, and a follow-up test was administered four months later to both groups. Analysis of variance (Anova), analysis of covariance (Ancova), t-test for related and independent samples were used to analyse the study data. As a result of the study, it was found that the group psychoeducation programme applied to the experimental group was effective in developing students' self-regulatory learning skills and this effect continued in the follow-up test. It was also found to be effective in increasing academic achievement. The results reveal that a group psychoeducation program based on social cognitive theory can be used to develop high school students' self-regulation skills and increase their academic success.
Okul yöneticilerinin örgütsel stres kaynaklarının ve stresle başa çıkma stratejilerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Şan Oğuz Şafak , Katıtaş Sevda
Published: November 2024

Araştırmada okul yöneticilerinin örgütsel stres kaynaklarının ve bu stres kaynaklarıyla baş etmede kullanılan stratejilerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel nitel araştırma deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul ili Ümraniye ilçesinde devlet okullarında görev yapan 15 okul yöneticisi oluşturmuştur. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, okul yöneticilerinin yönetimsel sorumluluklar, öğretmen, öğrenci ve velilerle ilişkiler, bütçe yönetimi, uygulanan eğitim politikaları ve değişimler ile kriz durumları gibi çeşitli alanlarda örgütsel stres yaşadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Yöneticilerin görev dağılımlarındaki belirsizlikler, çalışanların fazla rapor alması, evrak işleri ve üst yönetimin talepleri gibi yönetimsel sorumluluklarla ilgili konularda yoğun stres yaşadıkları bulunmuştur. Yöneticiler için veli beklentileri ve şikayetleri, öğretmenlerin zamanında görevlerini yerine getirmemeleri ve öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına yönelik baskılar da önemli stres kaynakları olarak öne çıkmıştır. Bütçe yönetiminde maddi kaynak yetersizliği ve okulun fiziki ihtiyaçlarının karşılanamaması yöneticiler tarafından sıkça dile getirilen stres faktörleri arasında yer almıştır. Uygulanan eğitim politikaları ve ani değişimlerin, yönetim faaliyetlerini zorlaştırarak yöneticilerde stres oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kriz durumları kapsamında velilerin olumsuz tutum ve davranışları, yöneticilerin karşılaştığı önemli stres unsurları arasında yer almıştır. Örgütsel stres faktörleriyle başa çıkmada, yöneticilerin bireysel stratejilerle birlikte örgütsel stratejilerden yararlandıkları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Eski Çağ’da Kappadokia Barajları’nın Gelişimi: Melas Barajı’nın Lokalizasyonu Üzerine Bazı Notlar
Authors: Atcı Esra
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde İç Anadolu Bölgesi'nin orta kesiminde yer alan Kappadokia'da irili ufaklı birçok nehir bulunmaktadır. Bu nehirler, bölgenin karasal ikliminin dezavantajlarını kısmen de olsa azaltarak bölgenin ekonomik açıdan avantajlı hale gelmesinde önemli bir rol oynamış olmalıdır. Nitekim bölgedeki nehirler üzerine inşa edilen barajlar, muhtemelen hem yöneticiler hem de halk için önemli kaynaklar oluşturmuştur. Kappadokia bölgesinde Hitit döneminde baraj yapımının varlığı arkeolojik kanıtlar sonucunda tespit edilebilmektedir. Ayrıca Strabon'un anlatımları doğrultusunda Kappadokia bölgesinde Helenistik dönemde iki barajın inşa edildiği bilinmektedir. Bölgede yaptığımız incelemeler sonucunda Melas/Karasu üzerindeki barajın, Boğazköprü'nün hemen kuzeyindeki dar bir geçitte inşa edilmiş olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu sonuç Strabon'un anlattıkları ve ünlü gezgin Hamilton'un tasvirleri ile uyumludur. Ayrıca bölgenin topografyası, nehrin geçtiği vadinin yükseltisi ve nehrin Mazaka'ya olan uzaklığı ve dolayısıyla aktif kullanım olasılığı göz önüne alındığında söz konusu bölgenin lokalizasyon önerisi için en uygun alan olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bunun dışında Herpa üzerindeki barajın ise doğrudan içme suyu veya tarımsal üretim için inşa edilmiş olabileceği düşünülebilir. Öte yandan V. Ariarathes'in lüks ve gösterişe olan düşkünlüğünün Melas üzerindeki barajın yapımında büyük rol oynadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Kappadokia bölgesinde inşa edilen barajların tarihsel gelişiminin antik kaynakların verdiği bilgiler modern kaynaklarla karşılaştırılarak ve arazi incelemesi yapılarak detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Melas üzerindeki barajın lokalizasyonu, alan üzerinde yaptığımız çalışmadan elde edilen veriler ışığında, antik ve modern kaynaklarla birlikte açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Akdeniz ekosistem koşulları altında oluşmuş toprakların sınıflaması ve dağılımlarının belirlenmesi: Kemalpaşa Havzası örneği
Authors: Odabaşi Yunus Barış , Gözükara Gafur , Yalçın Bahar , Dengiz Orhan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, Gediz Havzası’nın Kemalpaşa Alt Havzası’ndaki toprakların haritalanması, sınıflandırılması ve özelliklerinin belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma alanı, İzmir ve Manisa illeri sınırları içerisinde yer almakta olup, yaklaşık 673.5 km²'lik bir alanı kapsamaktadır. Akdeniz ikliminin hakim olduğu havzada, Newhall simülasyon modeline göre toprak sıcaklık rejimi thermic ve toprak nem rejimi ise xeric olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, 1:25.000 ölçekli topografik harita, uydu görüntüleri, jeolojik haritalar ve arazi gözlemleri kullanılarak 50 adet toprak profili tanımlanmış ve horizon esasına göre toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Toprak örnekleri üzerinde yapılan fiziksel, kimyasal ve verimlilik analizleri sonucunda elde edilen veriler, Toprak Taksonomisi ve Dünya Referans Sistemi (WRB) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve topraklar sınıflandırılmıştır. Toprak Taksonomisine göre havzada 13 alt grup, WRB sistemine göre ise 7 referans toprak grubu belirlenmiştir. Haritalama çalışmaları sonucunda, havzanın %79.3'ünde Entisol, %11.3'ünde Alfisol iken toplam alanın yaklaşık %0.2'si ile de en az alan ise Vertisol'ler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu detaylı sayısal toprak haritası ve toprak özellikleri bilgisi, havzanın toprak kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi ve arazi kullanım planlamaları için önemli bir kaynak niteliği taşımaktadır.
Relación de los cigarrillos electrónicos con el cáncer oral: Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Jaramillo Castillo Anderson Michael , Fernández Muñoz Tania Priscila , Toral Aguilera Diego Xavier
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es establecer la relación entre el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos y la incidencia de cáncer oral, evaluando los componentes químicos, los mecanismos biológicos y los efectos tóxicos asociados. Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica, analizando estudios publicados entre 2018 y 2024. Los resultados indican que los aerosoles de cigarrillos electrónicos contienen sustancias químicas que pueden descomponerse en compuestos tóxicos como formaldehído y acetaldehído, reconocidos carcinógenos. Estos compuestos, al ser inhalados, pueden inducir efectos citotóxicos y genotóxicos en las células de la cavidad oral, generando daño en el ADN y aumentando el riesgo de cáncer oral. Además, la alteración del microbioma oral por el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos puede favorecer el crecimiento de bacterias patógenas que están asociadas con enfermedades periodontales y caries, y que podrían contribuir al desarrollo de cáncer oral a través de mecanismos de inflamación crónica y producción de metabolitos carcinogénicos. Concluimos que, aunque los cigarrillos electrónicos se presentan como una alternativa menos perjudicial en comparación con los cigarrillos tradicionales, los hallazgos actuales indican que no están exentos de riesgos significativos para la salud oral, destacando la necesidad de una mayor vigilancia y regulación en su uso.
O ensino de probabilidade na formação dos pedagogos da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Dirson Maciel de Barros (FADIMAB)
Authors: Silva Josailton Fernando da , Silva Anderson Douglas Pereira Rodrigues da , Oliveira Iran Rodrigues de , Silva José Vieira da , Gomes Karine Rosália Felix Praça
Published: November 2024

Este artigo trata de um estudo que teve por objetivo investigar os conhecimentos sobre probabilidade de um grupo de 45 alunos do curso de pedagogia da FADIMAB. Foi realizada uma pesquisa social com a coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de um questionário com 12 perguntas estruturadas (SIM e Não), visando a caracterização dos conhecimentos sobre probabilidade no curso de graduação em Pedagogia, ofertado pela FADIMAB localizada em Goiana na Zona da Mata Norte. Os dados coletados revelaram a necessidade de incluir disciplinas e propostas que promovam o estudo dos conceitos do campo da probabilidade aliada à formação didático-pedagógica no currículo da Pedagogia. Pois, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) posiciona a probabilidade como um dos temas a serem explorados no ensino da Matemática ao longo da educação básica, desde os anos iniciais até o ensino médio. Isso garante que os alunos se familiarizem gradualmente com os conceitos probabilísticos de acordo com sua idade e nível de desenvolvimento cognitivo. Ela aborda a probabilidade dentro da área de Matemática, proporcionando diretrizes para o seu ensino. Salienta-se que é urgente e imprescindível desenvolver, com os futuros docentes, um programa de formação continuada sobre essa temática.
A preceptoria de nutrição no processo de formação dos nutricionistas residentes em Saúde da Família e Comunidade
Authors: Silva Leonardo Augusto da , Damasceno Gracielle Raissa Fernandes , Barreto Lauany Maria dos Santos , Silva Sabrina Gomes da , Almeida Ana Paula Ferreira de , Barbosa Yasmim Martins , Silva Érica Lorenna Batista da , Poncio Sabrina Nayara Andrade Bolivar , Morais Lourdes Michele Duarte de , Bellaguarda Egna Rebouças Fernandes
Published: November 2024

A preceptoria das Residências em Saúde, emerge como estratégia de qualificação profissional articulando teoria e prática, como também promove a vinculação do ensino aos princípios e objetivos do Sistema Único de Saúde. O estudo teve como objetivo descrever as atividades realizadas durante as preceptorias de núcleo, bem como discutir a importância desta como instrumento formador e de qualificação profissional dos residentes de nutrição. É um estudo descritivo, do tipo Relato de Experiência sobre a formação e qualificação profissional de Nutricionistas por meio da Preceptoria do Núcleo de Nutrição da Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção Básica, Saúde da Família e Comunidade da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Desse modo, a preceptoria pode ser caracterizada como de núcleo e de campo, sendo a de núcleo responsável pelas orientações acadêmicas vinculadas aos conteúdos necessários ao núcleo profissional, exercendo funções importantes ao desenvolver reflexões a partir de atividades teóricas, teórico-práticas e práticas. A preceptoria amplia a visão para as demais áreas de conhecimento e atuação da nutrição, tornando a especialização mais enriquecedora, sendo um diferencial no programa de residência preparando os profissionais para diferentes cenários.
Uso da fotobiomodulação como terapia complementar no tratamento da esporotricose felina: Relato de caso
Authors: Bruno Natália Vinhosa , Antonio Isabela Maria da Silva , Ferrari Elisa
Published: November 2024

A esporotricose é uma zoonose causada por fungos do complexo Sporothrix, que acomete animais endotérmicos, sendo o gato o animal mais acometido. A transmissão pode ocorrer pela via clássica ou pela via alternativa, sendo a segunda quando um animal com a doença contamina outro animal ou pessoa. O tratamento de eleição para a esporotricose felina é realizado com o itraconazol, consistindo em um tratamento longo e já são relatados casos refratários. A fotobiomodulação é um tratamento alternativo que tem o intuito de auxiliar no tratamento convencional e suas principais vantagens são a analgesia, modulação da inflamação, aceleração da reparação tecidual e uma técnica de fácil aplicação. Este artigo objetiva relatar um caso clínico de esporotricose felina refratária ao tratamento com itraconazol, em que se optou pela associação da laserterapia como suporte ao tratamento convencional. O diagnóstico da doença foi definido a partir do exame citopatológico das lesões cutâneas e o tratamento realizado com o antifúngico itraconazol por via oral associado as sessões semanais de laserterapia, resultando em remissão completa dos sinais clínicos. Este estudo reforça a importância de investigar e implementar terapias alternativas no manejo da esporotricose felina, evidenciando a fotobiomodulação como uma excelente opção complementar no tratamento desta enfermidade.
Intervenções para o aprimoramento da assistência farmacêutica: Revisão de escopo
Authors: Gonçalves Lucas Pantoja , Brito Allankardson Gomes , Costa Bruno Wesley Bezerra , Soler Orenzio
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Mapear tipos de intervenções organizacionais, financeiras, profissionais, governamentais/regulatórias e multifacetadas utilizadas para o aprimoramento da assistência farmacêutica. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo. Um método adequado quando se requer um mapeamento da literatura voltado a um determinado campo de interesse; tendo como recorte temporal o período entre 2018 e 2023. Resultados: Foram recuperados dois trabalhos sobre Intervenções políticas e regulatórias; três trabalhos sobre Intervenções organizacionais quanto ao uso de tecnologias de informações e comunicações; oito sobre intervenções organizacionais quanto ao planejamento e gestão técnica/clínica de medicamentos; sete sobre intervenções profissionais: direcionadas aos profissionais, aos usuários e cuidadores; três sobre Intervenções financeiras; cinco sobre Intervenções multifacetadas. Conclusão: Infere-se, por fim, que as intervenções profissionais, organizacionais, regulatórias, financeiras e multifacetadas têm variados impactos para o aprimoramento da gestão técnica da assistência farmacêutica e da gestão clínica do medicamento; ou seja, para a oferta de serviços farmacêuticos com qualidade.
Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema in a Member Participating in a Special Tactics Selection Course
Authors: O’Keefe Courtney L. , Clemente Fuentes Roselyn W. , Salinas Eric
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE), also called immersion pulmonary edema, is a form of exertional pulmonary edema associated with swimming and/or water immersion without aspiration. Most case reports on SIPE feature young, healthy patients who were scuba-diving, surface swimming, snorkeling, or breath-hold diving before experiencing symptoms of dyspnea, chest pain/tightness, cough, and hemoptysis. The incidence of SIPE is thought to be between 0.4–5%. Although symptoms typically resolve with oxygenation and ventilation, SIPE can be fatal, making recognition of SIPE crucial, especially for operational medical providers overseeing water training events and exercises.

CASE REPORT: A 28-yr-old healthy man began experiencing severe shortness of breath during early morning pool training. Oxygen saturation was in the low 80s and the patient was put on 15-L supplemental oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. Rales were present bilaterally on lung auscultation. He denied aspiration of water. Due to his persistent hypoxia, the patient was transported to an emergency department. He received a two-view chest X-ray, showing only bibasilar pulmonary opacities. He maintained 100% saturation once oxygen was removed and was able to be discharged to continue in the selection course.

DISCUSSION: Although SIPE may affect a small percentage of swimmers, military training in extreme conditions such as cold, lack of sleep, and profound exertion increases the risk for SIPE. Additionally, a patient who develops SIPE in the water is at risk for drowning. As SIPE may be fatal, military providers, especially those working with Special Operations, must be aware of how to diagnose and treat SIPE.

O’Keefe CL, Clemente Fuentes RW, Salinas E. Swimming-induced pulmonary edema in a member participating in a special tactics selection course. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(12):937–939.
Public Legitimation of Foreign Policy Decisions Through Discursive Practices: Truman Doctrine, Foreign Affairs Magazine and the Dissemination of Anti-Communist Discourse in the US
Authors: Koç Zeynep Elif , Önsoy Murat
Published: November 2024

In liberal democracies, it is generally believed that policies are made in accordance with public opinion. Foreign policy decisions are no exception. While pursuing a certain path, decision-makers often have future elections in mind. As a result, public opinion becomes a determining factor in foreign policy-making processes. This paper, however, takes a different perspective. It argues that the media, particularly in the form of think-tank articles written by experts with years of government and private expertise, may facilitate public compliance with official policies via efforts to ensure public consent with the application of a common discursive framework. To be considered as properly specialized on a specific topic, authors should be either members of the elite or closely associated with them. Because of their authors’ expertise, these articles may be very powerful and influential in disseminating information to the public. In times when disseminated information is carefully filtered, this practice provides the legitimation necessary in a liberal democracy. Therefore, official foreign policy texts such as presidential doctrines and think-tank publications written by experts share a textual domain. On that basis, this study explores textual relationships in the United States in the early Cold War era by examining the legitimation process of formal foreign policy declarations of presidents via articles published in Foreign Affairs magazine. A poststructuralist research design is employed to discuss intertextual links between the Truman Doctrine and selected articles from Foreign Affairs within an anti-communist framework. Using Lene Hansen’s Model 2 discourse analysis, this article investigates the discursive domains of these two types of texts. It is concluded that the articles from Foreign Affairs are intertextually linked to the Truman Doctrine and they legitimized official US foreign policy conduct in the eyes of the American public prior to and following the declaration of the doctrine.
Local Government in Sri Lankan and Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of Decentralization and Governance
Authors: Mangrio Allah Dino , Jabeen Satti Sumra Mussarat
Published: November 2024

This research focused on decentralization and the governing system among the local governments in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, drawing on the comparative analysis methodology. Therefore, the paper assessed how the administrative, political, and historical contexts of decentralization in both nations have shaped the policies and the impact of these policies on the local government systems. Moreover, the current study highlighted some core aspects such as accountability, transparency, and citizen's participation in the structures of municipal governments in both countries. The findings of the study suggested that Sri Lanka has been a more devolution-oriented country as the country has formed directly elected local government institutions and devolved a relatively large amount of power and authority. In contrast, Pakistan has been a more deconcentration-oriented country as local governments remained the central authorities' administrative subordinates. These findings provide insights into the broader implications of decentralization in South Asia and highlight ongoing policy changes and efforts to build better capacities in both central and provincial governments for better decentralization and governance practices in Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Gendered Pain during The War on Terror in A Door in The Earth
Authors: Ateşci Koçak Betül
Published: November 2024

September 11 and the U.S. war in Afghanistan have created huge changes in world politics. The twenty-year war started with its initiative to save Afghan women from the Taliban and give back their rights, which later proved to be nothing but more pain and suffering for them. Amy Waldman’s second novel A Door in The Earth (2019) displays realistic depiction of civil life during the War on Terror with a female perspective that centers on the effects of power politics on Afghan women whose lives are driven into more painful experiences each day. An author and former journalist Amy Waldman, who spent five years covering Afghanistan during the Afghan war, largely uses the Afghan women’s pain to fictionalise the reality of the country. Since the history of humanity is inextricably linked to the history of war, both of which are written from a male perspective, this study sheds light on the Western tendency to use the suffering of Afghan women to ensure the continuation of Western, and thus American power, through the works of dedicated postcolonial theorists in the field.
Some printing parameters affecting the screw withdrawal strength of materials used in joints developed in 3D printers for furniture
Authors: Uysal Mesut
Published: November 2024

This study examined to benchmark the screw withdrawal strength (SWS) of the 3D-printed PLA materials considering various infill patterns and ratios. SWS is one of the critical material properties for furniture joints. For this purpose, dimensions of 10 × 50 × 50 mm specimens made of PLA+ were printed according to ASTM D 6117-18. Three infill patterns (line, grid, and concentric) and four infill ratios (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were used as printing parameters to construct a complete 3 × 4 factorial experiment. According to the results, line infill patterns had the highest density compared to the grid and concentric patterns for all infill ratios. Concentric infill patterns with an infill ratio of 100% (108.41 MPa) had the greatest SWS. Grid infill patterns provided higher strength at the lower infill ratios than line and concentric infill patterns. Here, diffusion for interfaces of strands affected the SWSs of the 3D-printed materials. This study would provide insight into the 3D-printed joints in the field of furniture mechanics.
Shedding light on negative cultures in osteoarticular infections: leveraging mNGS to unravel risk factors and microbial profiles
Authors: Ding Haiqi , Huang Jiexin , Lin Lan , Chen Yang , Wang Qijin , Li Wenbo , Huang Ying , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Wenming
Published: November 2024

Background

The objective of this study is to utilize metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to analyze the risk factors causing negative microbial cultures, comprehensively delineate the microbial profiles neglected by traditional cultures, and optimize the pathogenetic diagnostic procedure accordingly.

Research design and methods

We enrolled 341 patients diagnosed with OI at our center between 2016 and 2022, and gathered data including age, gender, clinical diagnosis, duration of antibiotic use prior to sampling, microbial culture results, and mNGS results for these patients. According to microbial detection results, risk factors for negative microbial culture and mNGS results were investigated through univariate and multivariate analyses, and the microbial profile in cases with negative microbial cultures was summarized in conjunction with mNGS results. Building upon this, we suggest strategies to enhance the positivity rate of microbial cultures based on clinical experience.

Results

Invasive osteoarticular infection (IOI), multi-infections, rare pathogen infections, and prior antibiotic use are risk factors for negative microbial cultures. When the duration of prior antibiotic use is ≥3 days, mNGS demonstrates significantly higher pathogen detection efficiency than microbial culture. Moreover, the risk of negative microbial culture increases by 4.8 times with the exposure to each additional risk factor (OR=4.043, 95%CI [2.835, 5.765], P<0.001). Additionally, over one-third of culture-negative OI involve polymicrobial infections or rare pathogens.

Conclusions

Clinicians should tailor microbial culture strategies based on patient conditions. When needed, they can collaborate with mNGS or optimize microbial culture conditions based on mNGS results to enhance the efficiency of pathogen diagnosis.
Working toward transformation: educational leaders' use of continuous improvement to advance equity
Authors: Stosich Elizabeth Leisy
Published: November 2024

Introduction

This comparative case study explores how educational leaders in three networked improvement communities (NICs) situated in the same school district use a continuous improvement (CI) approach, improvement science, to address equity-focused problems of practice. The district that is the focus of this study represents a critical case for understanding educational leaders' use of CI approaches as a lever for equity-focused school reform because the system and state in which it was situated had made ongoing investments in both advancing equity in schools and using various CI approaches.

Methods

Data collection and analysis focused on interviews with four district leaders and eight school leaders, observations of ~24 h of NIC meetings and planning meetings, and document collection. I draw on sensemaking theory to understand the factors that supported and/or constrained educational leaders' use of CI to advance equity, including more dominant and transformative equity work.

Results

All educational leaders in the study described and were observed attending to equity as they engaged in CI. The district's sustained investments in equity-focused reform, the use of Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles, data use, and NIC facilitation each acted as important factors that shaped this process.

Discussion

Advancing equity is long term work that involves addressing deeply rooted beliefs, changing policies and practices, and redesigning systems. Study findings suggest that districts may be more successful in leveraging CI to advance equity when they combine this action-oriented approach with a sustained focus on disrupting oppressive mindsets, values, and beliefs that can hinder transformational change.
Serum neurotransmitter analysis of motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s patients
Authors: Fan Yichun , Yang Wenping , Wu Weilan , Wang Xinjing , Lin Yuxin , Wu Linlin , Wang Jun , Huan Fei , Ding Haixia , Gao Rong
Published: November 2024

Clinical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are classified into motor and non-motor symptoms. Mental disorders, especially depression, are one of the major non-motor manifestations of PD. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, 21 neurotransmitters associated with mental disorders were measured in serum samples from patients and controls using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assay. Additionally, five clinical scales—the MDS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)—were used to evaluate the severity of both motor and non-motor symptoms in PD patients. Analysis of neurotransmitter metabolism revealed significant changes in the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway in PD patients. Specifically, levels of Trp, kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KA), nicotinamide (NAM), and 5-methoxyltryptamine (MeOTA) were substantially decreased. Additionally, three other excitation/inhibiting amino acids—glutamic acid (Glu), 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and aspartic acid (Asp)—also declined. Moreover, neurotransmitter conversion ratios, such as KA/KYN, nicotinamide/niacin (NAM/NA), 5-hydroxytryptophan/tryptophan (5-HTP/Trp), and quinolinic acid/kynurenic acid (QA/KA), provided more dynamic insights into disrupted neurotransmitter metabolism. Correlation analyses between scale scores and neurotransmitter levels showed that concentrations of xanthurenic acid (XA) and the turnover rate of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) were negatively correlated with UPDRS scores, while 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and GABA levels were negatively correlated with non-motor symptoms in PD patients. In summary, this study elucidates, for the first time, the potential association and dynamics between altered neurotransmitter metabolism and the etiology of PD in terms of motor and non-motor functions. These findings offer novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD.
Clerodendranthus spicatus [Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.] maintains uric acid homeostasis via regulating gut microbiota and restrains renal inflammation in hyperuricemic nephropathy
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Kaiwen , Yan Siya , Li Ge , Cheng Meifang , Chen Qian , Wu Yuzheng , Wang Dan , Wang Tao
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The kidney damage caused by the deposition of uric acid in the kidneys is of urgent need for new treatment drugs due to its complex pathogenesis. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. Also known as C. spicatus, which has a significant therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN), however, the specific mechanism of its action is still unknown.

Methods

The HN mice model was constructed using adenine (AD) and potassium oxonate (PO), and serum biochemical indexes, kidney pathological changes, xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in the liver, and renal protein expressions of phosphoribose pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) and uric acid transporter were detected. The effects of C. spicatus on uric acid lowering, anti-inflammation, and renal protection of HN mice were verified. The effect of C. spicatus on gut microbiota was assessed by 16 S rRNA sequencing. Establish pseudo-sterile mice through the combined treatment of ampicillin, neomycin, and vancomycin to verify the role of gut microbiota in improving HN in C. spicatus.

Results

In HN mice, C. spicatus could significantly reduce serum uric acid levels and improve renal function. In addition, C. spicatus modulated gut microbiota and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Alistipes, and increased the abundance of Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group.C.spicatus altered the expression of the renal urate transporter and key enzymes in hepatic urate synthesis, leading to a decrease in serum uric acid levels. C. spicatus alleviated kidney inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 and TLR4/MYD88 inflammatory pathways, and reduced the level of kidney inflammatory factors. It also improved kidney damage by inhibiting the process of renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and improved kidney fibrosis. In pseudo-sterile HN mice, without the effect of gut microbiota, the uric acid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and renal fibrosis improving effects of C. spicatus were significantly reduced.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated that C. spicatus could reduce uric acid levels, anti-inflammatory effects, and improve HN by regulating the gut microbiota. This provides a novel scientific basis for the clinical application of C. spicatus.
The mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between physical exercise and sense of security among left-behind junior high school students: multi-group comparative analysis of only children and children with siblings
Authors: Xia Qifei , Liu Qi , Qin Guoyou
Published: November 2024

Background

This study aims to explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between physical exercise and the sense of security among junior high school students, with a particular focus on variations based on only-child status.

Methods

A survey was conducted among 649 left-behind junior high school students in Gansu Province, China, utilizing the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), Security Questionnaire (SQ), and Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA).

Results

Among the participants, the mean scores for physical exercise, psychological resilience, and sense of security were 40.78 ± 29.49, 51.14 ± 10.08, and 55.75 ± 14.35, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between physical exercise and sense of security (r = 0.210, p < 0.01), physical exercise and psychological resilience (r = 0.164, p < 0.01), and psychological resilience and sense of security (r = 0.443, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological resilience partially mediates the effect of physical exercise on the sense of security, accounting for 33.9% of the total effect. Multi-group analysis indicated significant differences in this mediating effect between only children and children with siblings, with a stronger predictive role of psychological resilience for the sense of security among non-only children.

Conclusion

Participation in physical exercise can promote the improvement of sense of security through the individual power factor of improving the psychological resilience of left-behind junior high school students, and this improvement effect is more significant for non-only children.
Longitudinal Effect of Music Exposure on Hearing Among Vocal Performance Students
Authors: Lowrance Rachel L. , Nudelman Charles J. , Gonzales Redman Yvonne , Bottalico Pasquale
Published: November 2024

The effects of music exposure on vocal performers remain relatively unknown. This study aimed to assess the immediate and long-term effects of music and singing practice on the peripheral auditory system of vocal performers using otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, and noise dosimetry. The hearing status, sound pressure levels (SPLs), and sound doses of 12 vocal performers with normal hearing at the study’s onset were evaluated. Pre- and post-study questionnaires regarding the participants’ otologic health and music-making activities, as well as repeated hearing evaluations, were implemented. Additionally, noise dosimetry was conducted on each participant’s most vocally active day of the week. Audiometric assessments generally revealed normal hearing thresholds, with some exceptions. Half of the participants exhibited elevated low-frequency thresholds and over half of the participants displayed emerging audiometric “notches” at 6000 Hz. Noise dosimetry measurements indicated that most of the participants were consistently exposed to SPLs during music-making activities that exceeded recommended limits. Questionnaire responses highlighted that the participants often engaged in extra-curricular music-making activities, frequently with piano accompaniment, and with little to no use of hearing protection devices. A few of the participants reported histories of otologic issues and potential hearing problems.