bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absolute relations in the subject of civil law
Authors: Арсланов Камиль , Arslanov Kamil
Published: March 2017

The article studies one of the central categories of civil law,

which is civil legal relations. The category of legal relations that builds

the subject of civil law, that receives the cleared fixation in legal acts, including

the unified acts (Civil Code of the Russian Federation), causes

until present time different discussions in the civil legal science. This is

indicated of scientific researches of Soviet and Russian scientists since

middle of 20th century.

The fundamental division of legal relations into absolute and relative

relations tries to earn our interest because of its practical significance.

Depending of rating of legal relations to specified kind the optimal

mechanism of legal influence on participants of legal relations using of

private and / or public legal instruments is defined. Inspite of all these,

the subject of this article are first of all absolute legal relations. The author

tried to generalize existing concepts in the science of civil law about absolute

legal relations, to define the possibility to differentiate absolute and

relative legal relations. The question about the possibility of existence of

legal relations with elements of absoluteness and relativity, parallel existence

of absolute and relative legal relations in connection to the same

subject is raised. The specific character of absolute legal relations is analyzed

in connection with proprietary legal regulation, regulation in the

field of intellectual property rights, protection of immaterial goods and

immaterial rights, as well as in connection with relative new field of legal

regulation of corporate legal relations.

In the article the conclusion about the necessity of resumption of scientific

discussion concerning the essence of absolute legal relations and

necessity of their cleared definition ad litem is made.
Legal regulation challenges of «labour leasing»
Authors: Кроз Марина , Kroz Marina
Published: March 2017

The article discusses the current regulatory matters of «Labour Leasing». According to the Federal Law these relations are qualified as labour relations with the legal forms of mediation. The article describes the main provisions of a legislative act. The author gives a critical assessment of the Act and identification provisions used of the contract model and temporary transfer design. The article concludes about non-compliance with the principles of the Act and contractual freedom and general provisions of the Labour Law of the Russian Federation. In addition, the author uses peremptory norms of the Act with determining the form, transfer personnel treaty. It expands attracting subjects of entrepreneurial activity to administrative responsibility.
DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX: THE CHALLENGE OF 2014
Authors: Абдулмуталибов  , Abdulmutalibov Ragim
Published: March 2017

In conditions when against the Russian Federation economic sanctions are imposed, it is especially important to intensify work on attraction of investments and counteraction to outflow of the capital from the country. The energy industry as the turbulent situation with presence of such giants as Exxon Mobil Corporation in Russia showed, the unprecedented contract with the Chinese party on construction of the Force of Siberia gas pipeline, cooperation with French "Total", remains to one of the most investment and attractive branches of economy cooperation in which has strategic and long-term character. In present difficult conditions for realization of policy of attraction and deduction of investments into the Russian energy industry it is obviously necessary to pay attention, first of all, to effective use of instruments of state regulation. Considering strategic character of energy industry for Russia and importance of high efficiency, the attracted investments for domestic economy, it is necessary to provide as it was told above, balance of interests of the state and the attracted investors. Increase of efficiency of state regulation of foreign investment and investment activity in energy industry has to consider two macroeconomic conditions. In - the first, this creation of the friendly environment for the investor who came to fuel and raw sector of a national economy of the country guaranteeing protection of interests and minimizing risks of the investor. Secondly, it is necessary to displace emphasis on investment into adjacent sectors of energy industry. It is reached by interindustry transfer of investments (capital) on the enterprises occupied with profound processing of initial natural raw materials on the one hand and also in productions which provide organizational and technical, logistic and material deliveries of products for fuel and raw spheres on the other hand. The country with economies in transition accepting foreign investments is faced by an important task to define an optimum ratio of the foreign and national capital which will allow to accelerate its development and to avoid negative consequences of foreign investment. Need to control inflow of the foreign capital to the country is obvious, and for effective management of economy it is necessary to improve important legislative base, to create system of monitoring of direct foreign investments in which the branch and regional orientation of direct foreign investments has to be analyzed. Performance and observance of these conditions will demand a complex of regulatory measures, development and which acceptance depends on harmonious cooperation and actions of the external economic, antimonopoly and tax administration of the Russian state.
THE NECESSITY TO MODERNIZE THE LIFTING AND FORCING GRAIN CRUSHERS
Authors: Бастригов  , Bastrigov Anatoliy , Байтукова  , Baytukova Elena , Байтуков  , Baytukov Ruslan , Широбоков  , Shirobokov Vladimir , Панченко  , Panchenko Nikolay
Published: March 2017

The suction pressure crushers dispersed grain from the center to the periphery and reduce stroke the effectiveness of impact fracture. The absence of dec in the crushing drum prevents use of the second type of efficient destruction of grain. Therefore, to improve the effectiveness of the suction pressure of grain crushers it is necessary to use a sieve, placed outside the crushing chamber and set back on the periphery with airborne access product mix.
EVALUATION CRITERIA OF EFFECTIVE USE OF GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IN AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Нуриева  , Nurieva Regina , Клычова  , Klychova Guzaliya , Закиров  , Zakirov Zufar
Published: March 2017

Nowadays, the sustainable development of agriculture is impossible without state support at current economic conditions. It is due to the peculiarities of agricultural production, which has a lower productivity, compared with other industries, but plays a vital role in the provision of food, that allows us to solve the problem of strategic national security fully. One of the main forms of state support is targeted allocation of budget subsidies to agricultural enterprises, thus improving the efficiency of their use is only possible through the use of objective information, which is useful for management decision-making, the formation of which provides by accounting system. The carried research in the current conditions allowed us to solve the problem, mentioned in the introduction, make the appropriate general conclusions and recommendations, aimed to more efficient use of government subsidies in the agricultural organizations. In this paper we have identified the main criteria for the evaluation of grants for the purpose of rational distribution and effective use. Today, the operation of agricultural production in all developed countries is entirely based on a system of effective government incentives. In European Union countries through a variety of techniques and actions of government regulation (system of grants and subsidies, preferential loans, the application of special tax regimes, the reduction of tariffs on consumed agricultural resources, the system of credit and insurance compensation from the budget and others) performed less stable support of monopolized agriculture by redistributing income from more monopolized industry, that allows us to develop the agricultural sector at a higher level of innovation. It is extremely important to develop an effective mechanism for compliance with the criteria subsidies. From the point of view of its simplicity, the attractive approach would be to organize a unified Development Bank, which would treat all agricultural enterprises, wishing to implement a project. But the emergence of competent organizations, capable of protecting national interests, nothing is guaranteed, even under the best of circumstances, this will require significant resources and time. In addition, the same amount of money will be more useful, if you use them as subsidies for interest payments of loans, than in the role of capital. The new rules are provided corresponding transparent methods of distribution of subsidies between companies, complemented by the availability of subsidies, aimed to promoting structural reforms in certain sectors of agriculture. Moreover, the rules provided with indicators of not only the quantitative characteristics of achieving concrete results, but also qualitative changes resulting from the effective use of subsidies.
EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION WAY AT CULTIVATION OF MIDDLE-EARLY MATURING POTATO VARIETIES ON GRAY FOREST SOILS OF FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF MIDDLE VOLGA
Authors: Гайнутдинов  , Gaynutdinov Marat , Владимиров  , Vladimirov Vladimir , Чекмарев  , Chekmarev Petr
Published: March 2017

The studies revealed the role of fertilizers application method, under the influence of which there was a significant increase in the productivity of potato. Fertilizers, carried in local way, increased the photosynthetic activity of potato plants. The maximum leaf area at flowering stage, depending on the variety, increased to 1.4-2.5 thousands square metre per hectare. The highest leaf area of 50.1 and 47.7 thousands square metre per hectare for both methods of mineral fertilizers was on the plant of Nevskiy variety. Local application of fertilizers by two ribbons increased the productivity, depending on the variety to 2.19-3.10 tons per hectare. The most high-yielding variety was Nevskiy, which, depending on the fertilizers application method, carried 34.65 and 36.84 tons per hectare tuber yield. The Nevskiy variety tubers, depending on the mineral fertilizers application method, contained starch 13,85-14,64%, Adretta variety – 15.68-16.02 and Valiza variety contained 14.44-15.01% of starch. More protein was at tubers of varieties Valiza variety (3.34-3.71%), the lower (2.87-3.11%) at Nevskiy one. The largest shareware net income (127.8 thousands rubles per hectare) and high level of profitability (137%) was obtained at the cultivation of Nevskiy variety with locally application of mineral fertilizers.
Managing data subject access requests
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: March 2017

The Data Protection Act 1998 requires district nurses to process personal patient data fairly and lawfully by keeping accurate, contemporaneous and secure records. Patients who have concerns about the accuracy of their record can seek access to the record under the 1998 Act.

In this article, Richard Griffith considers the requirements for requesting and granting access to a patient to view and obtain a copy of their health record.
Accelerated wound healing with combined NPWT and IPC: a case series
Authors: Arvesen Kristian , Nielsen Camilla Bak , Fogh Karsten
Published: March 2017

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) have traditionally been used in patients with chronic complicated non-healing wounds. The aim of this study (retrospective case series) was to describe the use of NPWT in combination with IPC in patients with a relatively short history (2–6 months) of ulcers. All wounds showed improved healing during the treatment period with marked or moderate reduction in ulcer size, and granulation tissue formation was markedly stimulated. Oedema was markedly reduced due to IPC. Treatment was generally well tolerated. The results of this study indicate that combined NPWT and IPC can accelerate wound healing and reduce oedema, thus shortening the treatment period. Therefore, patients may have a shorter healing period and may avoid entering a chronic wound phase. However, controlled studies of longer duration are needed in order to show the long-term effect of a more accelerated treatment course.
Probing community nurses' professional basis: a situational case study in diabetic foot ulcer treatment
Authors: Schaarup Clara , Pape-Haugaard Louise , Jensen Merete Hartun , Laursen Anders Christian , Bermark Susan , Hejlesen Ole Kristian
Published: March 2017

Complicated and long-lasting wound care of diabetic foot ulcers are moving from specialists in wound care at hospitals towards community nurses without specialist diabetic foot ulcer wound care knowledge. The aim of the study is to elucidate community nurses' professional basis for treating diabetic foot ulcers. A situational case study design was adopted in an archetypical Danish community nursing setting. Experience is a crucial component in the community nurses' professional basis for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Peer-to-peer training is the prevailing way to learn about diabetic foot ulcer, however, this contributes to the risk of low evidence-based practice. Finally, a frequent behaviour among the community nurses is to consult colleagues before treating the diabetic foot ulcers.
Exploring postnatal depression, sexual dysfunction and relationship dissatisfaction in Australian women
Authors: Khajehei Marjan , Doherty Maryanne
Published: March 2017

Background

Postnatal depression symptoms are the most common mental health problem following childbirth.

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual dysfunction, relationship dissatisfaction and symptoms of postnatal depression among Australian women during the first year after giving birth.

Methods

Australian women who had given birth during the past 12 months were invited to participate in a cross-sectional online study. A multi-section questionnaire was designed to collected data.

Findings

Almost a quarter of respondents (24%) reported symptoms of postnatal depression. The symptoms of postnatal depression were significantly associated with low educational level, exclusive breastfeeding, clinically diagnosed depression, sexual dysfunction, not being the initiator of sex during partnered sexual activity, and relationship dissatisfaction. The risk of depression symptoms was 2.2 times greater in women who had a low level of education, 2.5 times greater in women with sexual dysfunction and 3.7 times greater in women with relationship dissatisfaction.

Conclusions

Symptoms of depression are prevalent among postnatal women during the first year after childbirth and are significantly associated with sexual dysfunction and relationship dissatisfaction.
Adding to the midwifery curriculum through internationalisation and promotion of global mobility
Authors: Williams Jacqui , Hulme Gemma , Borrelli Sara E
Published: March 2017

Despite the obvious need for student midwives to be exposed to meaningful learning experiences that consider engagement in the wider context of international health care and the associated benefits, there is a lack of information on how this is achieved within midwifery curricula both nationally and internationally. At the University of Nottingham, work has been undertaken to ensure the midwifery curriculum is internationalised and global mobility is promoted to all midwifery students. Processes and strategies have been put in place to encourage students' mobility including the Erasmus+ programme, elective placements and short-term ad hoc international opportunities. Thanks to the strategies that have been implemented, the Division of Midwifery has seen an increase in students undertaking an international placement from 5% in 2013/14 to 18% in 2015/16. Moving forward, future works will aim to develop ‘virtual mobility’ projects and evaluate the Erasmus+ programme in conjunction with European partners.
Duty of candour
Authors: Windsor Sophie
Published: March 2017

Health professionals should strive for best practice, but it is inevitable that sometimes things go wrong. Sophie Windsor discusses the statutory duty of candour following patient safety incidents.
The current situation in hip arthroscopy
Authors: Marin-Peña Oliver , Tey-Pons Marc , Perez-Carro Luis , Said Hatem G. , Sierra Pablo , Dantas Pedro , Villar Richard N.
Published: March 2017

Hip arthroscopy is an evolving surgical technique that has recently increased in popularity. Although femoroacetabular impingement was an important launch pad for this technique, extra-articular pathology has been described through hip endoscopy. Good clinical results in the medium term will allow improvements in this technique and increase its indications.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:58-65. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.150041
Lymphangioma of the jejunal mesentery and jejunal polyps presenting as an acute abdomen in a teenager
Authors: Jayasundara JASB , Perera E , Chandu de Silva MV , Pathirana AA
Published: March 2017

Cystic lymphangioma of the small bowel mesentery is a rare clinical entity, especially after childhood. Medical literature reveals a limited number of such cases presenting as acute abdomen due to bowel obstruction, small bowel volvulus and bleeding into the tumour. We present the management experience of an 18-year-old woman who presented with rapid onset diffuse peritonism and raised inflammatory markers. Computed tomography showed a mass in the small bowel mesentery with suspicion of segmental bowel ischaemia. Emergency laparotomy revealed a mass in the mid-jejunal mesentery close to the bowel wall with no bowel ischaemia. The patient made an uncomplicated recovery after segmental bowel resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Histology confirmed the mass as a cystic lymphangioma involving the jejunal mesentery and two small jejunal polyps. Lymphangioma could be considered in the differential diagnosis of an acute abdomen in a young adult when the presentation is atypical.
O Processo de Inclusão no Ensino Regular
Authors: Matos Maria das Dores
Published: March 2017

Este artigo objetiva analisa como se dá o processo de inclusão no ensino regular. Inicialmente, entendemos por inclusão a capacidade de reconhecer o outro, e assim ter o privilégio de conviver e compartilhar com pessoas diferentes de nós, sem exceção. A inclusão escolar traz para alunos e professores a experiência da diferença, possibilitando aos que são descriminados pela deficiência, pela classe social ou pela cor que por direito ocupam seu espaço na sociedade vencer os preconceitos. A diversidade foi entendida como uma inovação na área de educação especial, mas, gradualmente, passou a ser compreendida como uma tentativa de oferecer educação de qualidade para todo (a)s. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o bibliográfico, desenvolvido a partir de material já elaborado. A revisão da literatura analisa o histórico e contextualização da inclusão escolar no Brasil, a legislação a favor da inclusão, a postura da escola e a adaptação curricular, o processo de inclusão e a aprendizagem, escola e família no processo de inclusão. Os resultados e discussões revelam que a concepção de inclusão do aluno com necessidades educacionais especiais no ensino regular favorece o encontro das possibilidades e capacidades da verdadeira inclusão. Portanto, do que se chama de conjunto central de valores deve valer a liberdade, a tolerância e a sabedoria de conviver com o diferente.
Estudo Comparativo do Nível de Velocidade de Jovens de Escolas Públicas de Barbalha e de Juazeiro do Norte – CE
Authors: Souza Thiago Cabral , Santos João David Alan , Sousa Paulo Geovane Bezerra de
Published: March 2017

As vantagens da prática diária de atividade física sobre a saúde estão bem evidenciadas na literatura científica e medicina do esporte. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar e comparar o nível de aptidão física relacionada ao nível de velocidade dos escolares de onze a quatorze anos, de uma escola pública no município de Barbalha uma escola pública do município de Juazeiro do Norte - Ce. O estudo de campo caracterizou-se como do tipo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo. A amostra foi constituída de 100 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 11 e 17 anos, que não praticam regularmente atividades desportivas, apenas uma vez por semana na aula de Educação Física de suas escolas. Foram utilizados os protocolos de baterias de testes do Projeto Esporte Brasil. A variável de aptidão física medida foi à velocidade. Os resultados assinalam que os meninos têm melhor desempenho médio que as meninas, até em função da força que os meninos geneticamente têm mais que as garotas, os tornando-os através dessa valência os melhores resultados em sua média geral. O estudo concluiu que os meninos de fato são mais velozes que as meninas e que existe variação de escola para escola.
SEMI–AUTOMATED ASSESSMENT OF MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE METAL FOAMS ON THE CELL-WALL LEVEL
Authors: Krčmářová Nela , Šleichrt Jan , Doktor Tomáš , Kytýř Daniel , Jiroušek Ondřej
Published: March 2017

Metal foams are innovative porous material used for wide range of application such as deformation energy or sound absorption, filter material, or microbiological incubation carrier. To predict mechanical properties of the metal foam is necessary to precisely describe elasto–plastic properties of the foam on cell–wall level. Indentation with low load is suitable tool for this purpose. In this paper custom designed instrumented microindentation device was used for measurement of cell-wall characteristics of two different aluminium foams (ALPORAS and ALCORAS). To demonstrate the possibility of automated statistical estimation of measured characteristics the device had been enhanced by semi-automatic indent positioning and evaluation procedures based on user-defined grid. Vickers hardness was measured on two samples made from ALPORAS aluminium foam and one sample from ALCORAS aluminium foam. Average Vickers hardness of ALPORAS foam was 24.465HV1.019 and average Vickers hardness of ALCORAS was 36.585HV1.019.
MODELING OF ANISOTROPIC GROWTH AND RESIDUAL STRESSES IN ARTERIAL WALLS
Authors: Zahn Anna , Balzani Daniel
Published: March 2017

Based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient, a local formulation for anisotropic growth in soft biological tissues is formulated by connecting the growth tensor to the main anisotropy directions. In combination with an anisotropic driving force, the model enables an effective stress reduction due to growth-induced residual stresses. A method for the imitation of opening angle experiments in numerically simulated arterial segments, visualizing the deformations related to residual stresses, is presented and illustrated in a numerical example.
Die Lebensdauer von Produkten ist planbar
Authors: Winzer Janis
Published: March 2017

Die Entwicklung zuverlässiger und somit langlebiger Produkte sollte für Unternehmen eine Selbstverständlichkeit sein. Zum einen hängt die Reputation des Unternehmens stark davon ab, zum andern ist es eine Frage der Wirtschaftsethik.
Die Herausbildung der Marktgesellschaft und die Rolle des Geldes
Authors: Thomasberger Claus
Published: March 2017

Seit der Geburt der Marktgesellschaft war das Geld immer wieder Ausgangspunkt von Krisen und Zusammenbrüchen. Weshalb ist es nicht gelungen, ein nachhaltiges Geld- und Finanzsystem zu entwickeln? Dafür müsste die Marktwirtschaft nicht als in sich geschlossener Kosmos, sondern als Teil der Gesellschaft betrachtet werden.
Die kommunale Wärmewende
Authors: Libbe Jens , Riechel Robert
Published: March 2017

Für die Realisierung der internationalen Klimaschutzverpflichtungen ist eine umfassendeTransformation der städtischen Wärmeversorgungssysteme notwendig. Die kommunale Wärmewende erfordert erhebliche strategische Anstrengungen.
The effectiveness of extended fetal heart screening in a Tertiary Center
Authors: Çakır Fatma , Şık Bulat Aytek , Kumbasar Serkan , Bozkurt Murat , Aba Yılda Arzu
Published: March 2017

Our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of extended fetal heart screening in a tertiary center and research the sensitivity, specifity and the positive and negative values of echocardiography.316 patients who were diagnosed with congenital anomalies among those scanned with the extended fetal heart screening protocol in the perinatology department of our hospital were included in our study. Patients who were not diagnosed with congenital anomalies were excluded. Fetal echocardiographies were perfomed on patients who were admitted to our perinatology clinic, in accordance with the ISUOG extended fetal heart screening protocol. In our study, 55.3% of all cases with cardiac anomalies are concomitant with extracardiac anomalies. An interventional procedure was performed on 52.5% of the patients for karyotyping purposes. 19.3% was terminated early in the pregnancy, 5% and 12.5% were lost during the intrauterine and neonatal periods, respectively. In our study, upon comparison of the fetal and neonatal results, we determined that the false positive and negative rates for fetal echocardiography were 3.5% and 9.4% respectively.In our study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy of echocardiography were determined as 91%, 99%, 98% and 99% respectively during the application of ISUOG recommendations in a tertiary center.
POLYMORPHISM STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE (SCD) GENE AND ASSOCIATON WITH CHARACTERISTICS MEAT IN BALI CATTLE
Authors: Alwiyah A. , Naraini H. , Agung P. P. , Jakaria J.
Published: March 2017

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an enzyme produced by SCD gene which is responsible for a conversion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) in adipose tissue. This enzyme affects the fats in intramuscular so having influence on marbling. The purpose of this study was to obtain the polymorphisms of the SCD gene and their associations with meat quality traits in Bali cattle. The number of samples used were 48 heads of cattle consisted of 24 bulls and 24 cows from BPTU-HMT Bali cattle in the province of Bali. The SCD gene has been amplified using forward primer 5’-ACC CCT TGG TGT GTG GTT GTT CTT C-3 ‘and reverses primer 5'-CCT GAC GAT ACT ATG TTT CTA CTT C-3'. The polymorphisms of the SCD gene were identified by direct sequencing method. Meat quality traits such as thick of longissimus dorsi (TLD), thick of back fat (TBF), thick of fat rump (TFR), thick of rump (TR), marbling score (MS), and the percentage of intramuscular fat (PIMF) were analyzed using the Veterinary Ultrasound Scanner. To determine Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium status, both allele and genotype frequencies were analyzed using GENEPOP program (V3.2). Association of the SCD gene SNP and meat quality traits was analyzed by GLM. This result showed that there were 5 monomorphic SNPs (c.10153A>G, c.10318C>A, c.10329C>T, g.10394G>A, g.10486A>C) and 3 polymorphic SNPs (g.10360G>A, g.10428C>T, g. 10487G>A) were in HW equilibrium. Association analysis showed that g.10428C>T SNP significantly affected marbling score (MS) and percentage of intramuscular fat (PIMF) (P<0.05). Based on these results, g.10428C>T SNP of the SCD gene may be used as a candidate marker to select meat quality traits in Bali cattle.
REDUCTION OF BENZO (A) PYRENE IN CHARCOAL GRILLED DUCK MEAT BY MARINATING WITH ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium, DC) FRUIT JUICE
Authors: Sinaga K. , Legowo A. M. , Suprijatna E. , Pramono Y. B.
Published: March 2017

The effect of andaliman fruit juice marination on the amounts of benzo (a) pyrene in charcoal grilled duck meat were investigated in this research. Completely randomized design was used to determine the effect of 4 treatments of andaliman fruit juice concentration (w/v). Twenty four duck meat samples were devided into 4 treatment groups, those were 0% (I), 10% (II), 20% (III) and 30% (IV). Each group consisted of 6 samples. Total Fat, Tio Barbituric Acid (TBA) value and antioxidant activity were measured from all samples. The result showed there was no effect on total fat of duck meat. Antioxidant activity was 18.60 %, 18.06 %, 19.99 % and 7.54 % for andaliman fruit juice of 10%, 20%, 30% and 0%, respectively. TBA value was 1.03 %, 0.89 %, 0.09 % and 0.10 % for treatment II, III, IV and I, respectively. Antioxidant activity of andaliman fruit was decreased the amounts of Benzo (a) pyrene of duckmeat. Charcoal duck meat without andaliman fruit produced 787 ng, it was higher than charcoal duck meat with andaliman fruit (295 ng).
THE EFFECT OF CALF STARTER RATION FOR PRE-WEANING ONGOLE GRADE (PO) CALVES ON BODY WEIGHT GAIN
Authors: Winarti E. , Widyastuti A.
Published: March 2017

The objective of study was to determine the effect of calf starter in the pre-weaning calves against the daily body weight gain. Twenty Ongole grade (PO) calves age of 1 month divided into 4 treatment groups of feed, 5 calves for each treatment. Treatment (P1) fed with extra soybean groats; (P2) soybean groats 50% + Gliricidia 50%; (P3) soybean groats 50%+ rice bran 50%; (P4) soybean groats 50%+ rejected bread 50%. Calf starter was given at age 1 month to 3 months. Observation was carried out on calves daily weight gain. This experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design. Data was  analyzed by analysis of variance and continued Least Significant Difference Test. Statistical analysis showed that feed of (P <0.05) significantly affected the daily weight gain of the calves. Results of the study can be concluded that calf starter with soya groats provide the best daily weight gain of pre-weaning calf.
Polymorphism of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) gene in Indonesian local cattle
Authors: Hilmia N. , Noor R. R. , Sumantri C. , Gurnadi R. E. , Priyanto R.
Published: March 2017

Stearoyl-Coa desaturase (SCD1) gene is one of genes that involves in converting saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. SNP at exon 5 in SCD1 gene that changes amino acid valine to alanine (V293A) has an influence to meat fatty acid composition. The aim of this research was to analyze SCD1 gene polymorphisms based on SNP V293A at exon 5 of three Indonesian local cattle. The identification of SCD1 gene polymorphisms was done by using 98, 20 and 7 DNA sample from Ciamis, Bali/Banteng, and Ongole Grade (PO) cattle, respectively. PCR_RFLP method with AciI enzim was carried out to identify SNP Val293Ala. Allelic frequencies and heterozygosity value were analyzed by using POPGENE32. The result showed that SCD1 gene at Ciamis local cattle and PO cattle were polymorphic. Their frequencies were 74.5% and 71.4% for T and 25.5% and 28.6% for C, respectively. There were three genotypes on Ciamis local cattle i.e TT, CT and CC with their frequencies were 52%, 44.9% and 3.10%, respectively. There were two genotypes on PO cattle i.e TT and CT with their frequencies were 42.9% and 57.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, SCD1 gene in Bali cattle was monomorphic. Heterozygosity value of SCD1 gene in Ciamis and PO cattle were 0.38 and 0.44, respectively. Their heterozigosities were categorized as medium.
Market integration of fresh milk in dairy business area of Pamijahan District and Cisarua District, Bogor Regency - Indonesia
Authors: Setianti C. , Ekowati T. , Setiadi A.
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the integration between dairy commodity market in milk distribution channels at Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District, Bogor Regency, West Java. The research method used was a survey method. Simple random sampling was a sampling technique used in this research to determine the respondent. Purposive method was a method that was used to determine research location. Respondents were 80 dairy cattle farmers at Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and 90 dairy cattle farmers at Cisarua District. Research data were consisted of primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the co-integration test in dairy farmers Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District-Cisarua District trace statistic value of 18.27 was greater than 5% critical value of 15.41. The co-integration test in dairy cooperative level the trace statistic value of 28.63 was greater than 1% critical value of 20.04. Granger causality test results indicated that the results werea causality relation in Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District. There was an effect of the increase of milk price between Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District in Dairy Processing Industry Level, that’s mean there was an integration between the milk price in Dairy Processing Industry level.
The effect of liquid tumeric extract supplementation on carcass production and chemical quality of broiler meat
Authors: Hidayat M. , Zuprizal Z. , Sundari S. , Kurniawati A. , Wati A. K. , Kusmayadi A.
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this research was to find out the effects of liquid turmeric extract (LTE) supplementation as a phytobiotic on carcass production and chemical quality of broiler chicken meat. The research is conducted with a directional pattern completely randomized design. Eighty-four broiler chickens were raised from day old (DOC) to 42 days old chick. From DOC to 14 days old chicks were fed with commercial feed (ME 3,100 kcal/kg; CP 22%; Ca 1%; P 0.75%). During 15-21 days of age given a commercial feed mixture and basal feed (ME 3,201.77 kcal/kg; CP 20.21%; Ca 0.90%; and P 0.43%). At 22-42 days old given treatments. Seven treatments were replicated 3 times consisted of 4 broiler chickens for each replication. The treatments were positive control (P1), negative control (P2), water + LTE 2% (P3), water + LTE 4% (P4), water + LTE 6% (P5), water + LTE 8% (P6), and water + LTE 10% (P7). The results showed that LTE 10% significantly decreased (P<0.05) on the slaughter weight and 8% until 10% dossage had a significant decrease (P<0.05) on the meat water content. However, it did not show a significant influence (P>0.05) on the carcass weight, carcass percentage, meat protein and fat content.
SINTESIS ASAM 9,10-DIHIDROKSI STEARAT (DHSA) MELALUI HIDROLISA EPOKSIDA DARI OKSIDASI ASAM OLEAT DENGAN ASAM PERFORMAT
Authors: Maisaroh Maisaroh , Susetyo Indra Budi , Rusmandana Bayu
Published: March 2017

SYNTHESIS OF 9,10-DIHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID (DHSA) THROUGH HYDROLYSIS EPOXIDE FROM OXIDATION OLEIC ACID AND PERFORMIC ACID. 9,10-dihydroxy stearic acid (DHSA); C18H36O4 is one of hydroxyl fatty acids with hydroxyl groups (OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH) cause DHSA have unique properties for many applications including as an emulsifier in the oil phase/gel candles and water in cosmetic formulations. This study investigated the formation of DHSA of from oleic acid and performic acid through epoxidation and hydrolysis reactions. Epoxidation was carried out by reacting the oleic acid with formic acid to form performic acid in situ reaction at a temperature of 60-70oC with stirring in order to minimize byproduct, followed hydrolysis obtained DHSA as powder with melting point 86.5oC, iodine value  0.125 g I2/100 g, acid value 171.53 mg KOH/g, the hydroxyl group observed at the absorption band region of 3345.34 cm-1, LCMS analysis results show peak spetrograms-mass at m/z 317,269, with a value m/z is equivalent to molecular weight DHSA.   Keywords: DHSA; epoxidation; hydrolysis; hydroxyl fatty acids; oleic acid Abstrak Asam 9,10-dihidroksi stearat (DHSA) dengan rumus molekul C18H36O4 merupakan senyawa hidroksil asam lemak dengan gugus hidroksil (-OH) dan karboksil (-COOH) menyebabkan DHSA memiliki sifat unik untuk berbagai aplikasi antara lain sebagai emulsifier antara fasa minyak/lilin gel dan air dalam formulasi kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan DHSA dari asam oleat dan asam performat, melalui tahapan reaksi epoksidasi dan hidrolisa. Epoksidasi asam oleat dengan asam performat yang dibentuk secara in situ dilakukan pada suhu reaksi 60-70oC dengan pengadukan untuk meminimalkan reaksi samping, dilanjutkan dengan hidrolisa epoksida diperoleh DHSA berupa serbuk berwarna putih gading dengan titik leleh 86,5oC, bilangan iod ± 0,125 g I2/100 g, bilangan asam 171,53 mg KOH/g, gugus hidroksil teramati menggunakan FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 3345,34 cm-1, yang diperkuat dengan data kromatogram LC-MS yang memberikan puncak spektrogram-massa pada m/z 317.269, dengan harga m/z yang setara dengan Berat Molekul DHSA. Kata kunci: DHSA; epoksidasi; hidrolisa; hidroksil asam lemak; asam oleat
PENGARUH PENGERINGAN DENGAN METODE GELEMBUNG TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK PRODUK EKSTRAK BUNGA ROSELA
Authors: Djaeni Mohamad , Triyastuti Meilya Suzan , Rahardjo Hadiono Soegeng
Published: March 2017

Bunga rosela mengandung senyawa antosianin berwarna merah yang kaya antioksidan. Senyawa ini dapat diekstrak dan dikemas dalam bentuk serbuk kering sebagai bahan pewarna makanan dan minuman. Produksi serbuk ekstrak bunga rosela dengan pengeringan konvensional masih menghadapi kendala karena sifatnya yang tidak tahan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pengeringan dengan metode gelembung terhadap sifat fisik ekstrak bunga rosela. Pada proses ini, bunga rosela diekstrak dengan air pada perbandingan 1:10 pada suhu 50oC selama 1 jam. Filtrat yang kaya antosianin dicampur dengan bahan pembentuk gelembung (putih telur) dan penstabil yaitu gliserol mono stearat (GMS). Campuran ini kemudian dikeringkan dengan udara pada temperatur yang berbeda. Dibandingkan dengan pengeringan ekstrak roselle tanpa gelembung, adanya putih telur dan GMS  mampu mempercepat proses penguapan air dari ekstrak yang dikeringkan. Penguapan menjadi lebih cepat pada suhu yang lebih tinggi. Namun demikian, dari penampakan fisik terlihat bahwa pada suhu diatas 70oC, warna ekstrak mulai kehitam-hitaman (akibat karbonasi), serta serbuk yang dihasilkan lebih rapuh
Effects of Conventional Mechanical Ventilation Performed by Two Neonatal Ventilators on the Lung Functions of Rabbits with Meconium-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Mokra D , Mikolka P , Kosutova P , Kolomaznik M , Jurcek M , Istona P , Matasova K , Zibolen M , Calkovska A
Published: March 2017

Severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in the neonates often requires a ventilatory support. As a method of choice, a conventional mechanical ventilation with small tidal volumes (VT<6 ml/kg) and appropriate ventilatory pressures is used. The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term effects of the small-volume CMV performed by two neonatal ventilators: Aura V (Chirana Stara Tura a.s., Slovakia) and SLE5000 (SLE Ltd., UK) on the lung functions of rabbits with experimentally-induced MAS and to estimate whether the newly developed neonatal version of the ventilator Aura V is suitable for ventilation of the animals with MAS.

In the young rabbits, a model of MAS was induced by an intratracheal instillation of a suspension of neonatal meconium (4 ml/kg, 25 mg/ml). After creating the model of MAS, the animals were ventilated with small-volume CMV (frequency 50/min, VT<6 ml/kg, inspiration time 50 %, fraction of inspired oxygen 1.0, positive end-expiratory pressure 0.5 kPa, mean airway pressure 1.1 kPa) performed by ventilator Aura V (Aura group, n=7) or ventilator SLE5000 (SLE group, n=7) for additional 4 hours. One group of animals served as healthy non-ventilated controls (n=6). Blood gases, oxygenation indexes, ventilatory pressures, lung compliance, oxygen saturation and total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count were regularly determined. After euthanizing the animals, a left lung was saline-lavaged and total and differential counts of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were determined. A right lung was used for estimation of lung edema formation (expressed as a wet/dry weight ratio) and for analysis of concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF). The cytokines were measured also in the blood plasma taken at the end of experiment.

Meconium instillation seriously worsened the gas exchange and induced inflammation and lung edema formation. In the Aura group, slightly lower concentrations of cytokines were found and better gas exchange early after creating the MAS model was observed. However, there were no significant differences in the respiratory parameters between the ventilated groups at the end of experiment (P>0.05).

Concluding, the newly developed neonatal version of the ventilator Aura V was found to be fully comparable to widely used neonatal ventilator SLE5000. Results provided by Aura V in CMV ventilation of rabbits with meconium-induced acute lung injury suggest its great potential also for future clinical use, i.e. for ventilation of the neonates with MAS.
Permian climate change recorded in palynomorph assemblages of Mozambique (Moatize Basin, eastern Tete Province)
Authors: Götz Annette E. , Hancox P. John , Lloyd Andrew
Published: March 2017

Knowledge of Late Permian biodiversity patterns, following the end-Guadalupian crisis, is still in its infancy, since most recent studies have focused on the end-Permian biotic crisis. The palynological record of southern Africa, however, reveals major climatic changes during the Late Permian. Here we report new palynological data from eastern Tete Province of Mozambique, documenting the change from cool to warm temperate climates during the Lopingian. This prominent climate signal was also detected recently in other depositional environments elsewhere in southern Africa, and thus enables interregional temporal correlations.
Biomechanical outcomes of tooth-implant-supported fixed partial prostheses (FPPs) in periodontally healthy patients using root shape dental implants
Authors: Harutyunyan Argine , Pissiotis Argirios
Published: March 2017

Background: Connecting an osseointegrated implant and a natural tooth is a treatment alternative for partially edentulous patients in some clinical situations. The main issue of a connected tooth-implant system is derived from the dissimilar mobility patterns of the osseointegrated fixtures and natural abutments causing potential biomechanical problems within the entire system. Purpose: The aim of this review was to multilaterally analyze and discuss the main biomechanical factors that may question the reliability of splinted tooth-implant system and the long-term success of fixed partial prostheses (FPPs) supported by both teeth and implants with an emphasis on the disparity of mobility of these two different abutments. Material and methods: An electronic MEDLINE (PubMed) search supplemented by manual searching was performed to retrieve relevant articles. An assessment of the identified studies was performed, the most valuable articles were selected and biomechanical outcomes of tooth-implant splinting system were analyzed. Results: 3D FEM stress analyses and photoelastic studies show uneven load distribution between the tooth and the implant and stress concentration in the crestal bone around the implant neck when connected to a natural tooth by FPPs. However, clinical studies demonstrate good results for both the implants and FPPs supported by splinted implant-tooth abutments. Conclusion: Connecting implants to natural teeth is not a preferable treatment option because of possible inherent biomechanical complications. Whenever possible, this treatment option should be avoided.
3D printing guide implant placement: A case report
Authors: Vlahović Zoran , Mikić Mirko
Published: March 2017

Background: Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) is representing a new concept of radiological diagnostics and its application occupies a special place in implantology. Today, preoperative planning, and quantitative and qualitative jaw bone analysis cannot be done without the use of these techniques. The latest in a series of achievements in this field is a method of making a guide for implant using a 3D printing technique. This way pre implantology planning reduces the chance of surgical complications to a minimum and allows installation of dental implants in the most optimal position for future prosthetic work. Aim: To show benefits of guide implantation in clinical practice. Case report: The patient M.D. 36 years old. After making CBCT there was a qualitative and quantitative analysis of bone tissue, after which we decided to install five implants in positions #36, #37, #45, #46 and #47. The software appliance made virtually implants in the most optimal positions; treatment plan was forwarded by the internet connection into the DICOM format to Simplant Company, along with a folder of scanned plaster models in order to develop a guide. A few days later, after approval sent, we received the guide. Preparation by the pilot bur we did through transmucosal plum of the guide, and then we continued the classic flap surgery technique. Control footage shows the optimal position of the implant from both surgical and prosthetic aspects. Conclusion: Application guide implantology represents a safe and modern method that provides ability of implant placement in optimal positions in terms of future prosthetic rehabilitation.
Microstructural analysis and corrosion behavior of Fe, B, and Fe-B-modified Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloys
Authors: Alaneme Kenneth Kanayo , Okotete Eloho Anita , Bodunrin Michael Oluwatosin
Published: March 2017

The corrosion behavior of Cu-Zn-Al alloys modified with Fe, B, and Fe-B was investigated. This was motivated by the need to verify the effect of microalloy additions on the corrosion behavior of Cu-Zn-Al alloys, which, as recent study suggests, impacts microstructural changes other than grain refinement. Cu-Zn-Al alloys were produced by casting method with and without the addition of microalloy elements. The alloys were subjected to thermomechanical treatment before machining of test samples for corrosion and microstructural analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarization electrochemical technique were used for the study. From the results, increase in grain size and change in grain edge morphology was apparent for the modified Cu-Zn-Al alloys produced. In 3.5 wt.% NaCl and 0.3mH2SO4solutions, the corrosion current densities were dependent on the type and concentration of the microalloy addition. Essentially, the corrosion rates for the modified alloys were higher in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution; in 0.3mH2SO4solution, the modified Cu-Zn-Al alloy grades were observed to be more resistant to corrosion. The corrosion mechanisms of the alloys in both solutions were not feasibly established from the SEM images, but the extent of corrosion product deposition was apparent.
Limit linear series for curves not of compact type
Authors: Osserman Brian
Published: March 2017

We introduce a notion of limit linear series for nodal curves which are
not of compact type. We give a construction of a moduli space of limit
linear series, which works also in smoothing families, and we prove a
corresponding specialization result. For a more restricted class
of curves which simultaneously generalizes two-component curves and
curves of compact type, we give an equivalent definition of limit linear
series, which is visibly a generalization of the Eisenbud–Harris
definition. Finally, for the same class of curves, we prove a smoothing
theorem which constitutes an improvement over known results even in the
compact-type case.