bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A population-based study of global outcome after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents
Authors: Olsen Mari , Vik Anne , Lien Espen , Schirmer-Mikalsen Kari , Fredriksli Oddrun , Follestad Turid , Sandrød Oddrun , Finnanger Torun G. , Skandsen Toril
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the global outcome longitudinally over 5 years in children and adolescents surviving moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) to investigate changes in outcome over time. The secondary aim was to explore how age at the time of injury affected outcome.

METHODS

All children and adolescents (aged 0–17 years; subdivided into children aged 0–10 years and adolescents aged 11–17 years) with moderate (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 9–13) or severe (GCS score ≤ 8) TBI who were admitted to a level I trauma center in Norway over a 10-year period (2004–2014) were prospectively included. In addition, young adults (aged 18–24 years) with msTBI were included for comparison. Outcome was assessed with the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOS-E) at 6 months, 12 months, and 5 years after injury. The effect of time since injury and age at injury on the probability of good outcome was estimated by the method of generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS

A total of 30 children, 39 adolescents, and 97 young adults were included, among which 24 children, 38 adolescents, and 76 young adults survived and were planned for follow-up. In-hospital mortality from TBI was 7% for children, 3% for adolescents, and 18% for young adults. In surviving patients at the 5-year follow-up, good recovery (GOS-E score 7 or 8) was observed in 87% of children and all adolescents with moderate TBI, as well as in 44% of children and 59% of adolescents with severe TBI. No patient remained in a persistent vegetative state. For all patients, the odds for good recovery increased from 6 to 12 months (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.15–2.80; p = 0.010), although not from 12 months to 5 years (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.62–1.55; p = 0.940). Children/adolescents (aged 0–17 years) had higher odds for good recovery than young adults (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.26–6.48; p = 0.012).

CONCLUSIONS

In this population-based study of pediatric msTBI, surprisingly high rates of good recovery over 5 years were found, including good recovery for a large majority of children and all adolescents with moderate TBI. Less than half of the children and more than half of the adolescents with severe TBI had good outcomes. The odds for good recovery increased from 6 to 12 months and were higher in children/adolescents (aged 0–17 years) than in young adults.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy with or without choroid plexus coagulation for myelomeningocele-associated hydrocephalus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Omar Abdelsimar T. , Espiritu Adrian I. , Spears Julian
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

While ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) insertion is the standard treatment for myelomeningocele-associated hydrocephalus (MAH), it can be complicated by infection and shunt malfunction. As such, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), with or without choroid plexus coagulation (CPC), has been proposed as an alternative. The aim of this review was to determine the success, technical failure, and complication rates of ETV with or without CPC in patients with MAH.

METHODS

PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from inception to June 2020 for case series, cohort studies, or randomized controlled trials reporting success, technical failure, or complication rates. Random-effects analysis was performed to determine the estimates for these outcome measures. Studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality and risk of bias.

RESULTS

Thirteen studies with a total of 325 patients who underwent either ETV or ETV+CPC were included in the review. Using random-effects modeling, the pooled estimate of the success rate was 56% (95% CI 44%–68%, I2 = 78%), while the technical failure rate was 2% (95% CI 0%–6%, I2 = 32%). The estimate for the success rate had high heterogeneity, due to the type of surgical intervention (ETV vs ETV+CPC, p < 0.001). Random-effects analysis of 9 studies with 117 patients who underwent ETV alone yielded an estimated success rate of 48% (95% CI 0.39–0.57, I2 = 0%), while analysis of 4 studies with 166 patients who underwent ETV+CPC revealed a success rate of 75% (95% CI 67%–82%, I2 = 21%). The estimates for the mild/moderate, severe, and fatal complication rates were 0 (95% CI 0%–4%, I2 = 0%), 2% (95% CI 0%–10%, I2 = 52%), and 0 (95% CI 0%–1%, I2 = 0%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

ETV+CPC was associated with a higher success rate than ETV alone for MAH in a meta-analysis of published studies. ETV, with or without CPC, was technically feasible and safe for this patient population.
Intracranial pressure monitoring during stereoelectroencephalography implantation: a technical note
Authors: Nagahama Yasunori , Alexander Allyson L. , O’Neill Brent R.
Published: January 2022

Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) has become increasingly employed as a critical component of epilepsy workups for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy when information from noninvasive studies is not conclusive and sufficient to guide epilepsy surgery. Although exceedingly rare, clinically significant hemorrhagic complications can be caused during SEEG implantation procedures. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) can be difficult to recognize due to the minimally invasive nature of SEEG. The authors describe their technique using a commercially available intraparenchymal intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor as a method for early intraoperative detection of ICH during SEEG implantation.

Between May 2019 and July 2021, 18 pediatric patients underwent SEEG implantation at a single, freestanding children’s hospital with the use of an ICP monitor during the procedure. No patients experienced complications resulting from this technique. The authors have relayed their rationale for ICP monitor use during SEEG, the technical considerations, and the safety profile. In addition, they have reported an illustrative case in which the ICP monitor proved crucial in early detection of ICH during SEEG implantation.
Društveni stereotipi u hrvatskim rječnicima u dijakronijskoj i sinkronijskoj perspektivi
Authors: Lazić Daria , Mihaljević Ana
Published: January 2022

U radu se analizira obrada osjetljivoga i pogrdnoga leksika u hrvatskoj leksikografiji. Kad je riječ o sadržaju povezanome s društvenim skupinama (kao što su etničke, religijske, spolne/ rodne, dobne i slično), uvredljivost takvoga leksika može proizlaziti izravno iz njegova značenja ili neizravno iz ukorijenjenosti u stereotipima i predrasudama o određenoj skupini, zbog čega može djelovati uvredljivo (usp. Schutz 2002: 638). U ovome radu analizira se leksikografska obrada odabranih riječi povezanih s pripadnicima društvenih skupina i njihovim osobinama u hrvatskim povijesnim i suvremenim rječnicima kako bi se: 1. pokazalo kako rječnik odražava svjetonazor vremena u kojemu je nastao 2. objasnilo kako se leksikografski pristup takvim sadržajima s vremenom razvijao 3. razmotrilo kako bi se obradi takvih sadržaja trebalo pristupiti u suvremenome, društveno odgovornom rječniku.
EL ACOMPAÑAMIENTO PEDAGÓGICO: UNA REVISION SISTEMATICA
Authors: Abanto Zorrilla Jeanette Milagros , Rosales Armas Maribel , Luna Sono Jaime
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo es un análisis desarrollado sobre el acompañamiento pedagógico como estrategia de formar a un docente. Se analizan diversas perspectivas de la forma como de acompañamiento en nuestro continente y otros. Basada en la metodología de Okoli et al. (2010) como soporte técnico de lo realizado, para lo cual se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática con el objeto de documentarse sobre el problema, se efectuó la búsqueda en bases de datos y repositores de revistas científicas. del 2014 al 2021. La información procesada ha contribuido, de acuerdo con Cruz, Siles y Bustos (2021), de manera conceptual, antecedentes y diversas estrategias del acompañamiento pedagógico. Los resultados indicaron que el acompañamiento pedagógico es una estrategia importante que fortalece de manera efectiva el desempeño docente, asimismo, en la práctica pedagógica, se busca crear un aula en un ambiente de armonía y de comunicación afectiva entre el acompañante y acompañado para obtener mejores aprendizajes.

Palabras clave: acompañamiento pedagógico, practica pedagógico y formación docente.
Studi Literatur Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Zebua Try Gunawan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan apakah Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning itu dapat digunakan untuk masalah motivasi siswa dalam belajar matematika, motivasi jenis apa yang berhasil diberikan oleh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan bagaimana Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning itu dapat membuat siswa memiliki motivasi dalam belajar matematika. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan, dengan melakukan kajian secara kepustakaan melalui buku-buku berbahasa Indonesia. Untuk menjaga kualitas bahan yang dikaji, maka digunakan buku-buku berbahasa Indonesia yang sering dijadikan rujukan dan ditulis oleh Ahli (misalnya guru besar) yang terbukti berdasarkan kegiatan pelacakkan yang dilakukan diberbagai jurnal, buku maupun dari Pangkalan Data Pendidikan Tinggi (PDDikti). Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan 3 tahap, yaitu: organize, synthesize dan identify. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning itu dapat digunakan untuk masalah motivasi siswa dalam belajar matematika, Motivasi Instrinsik adalah jenis motivasi yang diberikan oleh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning itu dapat membuat siswa memiliki motivasi dalam Belajar Matematika karena langsung dikaitkan dengan dunia nyata, sehingga siswa merasa matematika itu sangat berguna dan motivasi itu akan muncul. Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning, Motivasi Belajar Matematika, Studi Literatur
Analisis Minat Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas IV SDN 25 Gurung Peningkah Kayan Hilir Tahun 2020/2021
Authors: Subekti Muhammad Rian , Kurniati Agusta , Firda Teodora
Published: January 2022

Kurangnya minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika yang ditandai dengan 82% siswa tidak menyukai mata pelajaran matematika, siswa mengatakan bahwa matematika adalah pelajaran yang sulit dan membosankan sehingga berakibat pada rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika dan untuk mengungkapkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 11 siswa, wali kelas dan orang tua siswa yang berjumlah 11 orang.Teknik dan alat pengumpulan data menggunakan soal tes, pertanyaan tertulis, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Hasil perolehan siswa menjawab pertanyaan tertulis masuk dalam kriteria interpretasi dengan kategori cukup. Artinya berdasarkan perolehan hasil siswa menjawab pertanyaan tertulis dan didukung dengan nilai hasil tes siswa, dapat disimpulkan bahwa minat belajar matematika siswa kelas IV SDN 25 Gurung Peningkah Kayan Hilir Tahun 2020/2021 termasuk pada kategori cukup. (2) Faktor yang mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika terdapat dua faktor yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi aspek jasmaniah dan psikologi.Faktor eksternal meliputi faktor keluarga, faktor sekolah dan faktor lingkungan masyarakat.
Pengaruh LKPD Berbasis Discovery Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa Melalui Google Classroom
Authors: Syafira Annisa Ranti , Salsabila Ellis , Purwanto Swida
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui informasi apakah terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis antara peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan LKPD berbasis discovery dalam PJJ dengan Google Classroom dan peserta didik yang belajar PJJ konvensional dengan Google Classroom. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan populasi seluruh peserta didik SMA Negeri 98 Jakarta pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan sampel yang terdiri dari 72 peserta didik di kelas XI. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari hasil posttest kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Analisis hasil posttest kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan LKPD berbasis discovery dalam PJJ dengan Google Classroom lebih tinggi dari pada peserta didik yang belajar PJJ konvensional dengan Google Classroom. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan LKPD berbasis discovery dalam PJJ dengan Google Classroom cukup berpengaruh pada kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis peserta didik sebesar 77,63%.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Siswa Matematika Siswa Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom
Authors: Sopian Damianus , Dores Olenggius Jiran , Andri Andri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hasil belajar siswa kelas VII A SMP N 1 Tempunak tahun ajaran 2020/2021 berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom. SMP N 1 Tempunak sebagai salah satu sekolah yang terdampak pandemi yang terpaksa melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran secara daring (dalam jaringan).  Adapun penelitian ini ditinjau dari ranah kognitif C1-C4 pada Taksonomi Bloom. C1  yaitu ranah kognitif  pengetahuan, C2 yaitu ranah kognitif pemahaman, C3 yaitu ranah kognitif pengaplikasikan, dan C4 yakni ranah kognitif menganalisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian diberikan soal-soal dengan indikator C1-C4, dengan persentasi jumlah soal C1 berjumlah 20%, C2 berjumlah 20%, sedangkan C3 berjumlah 40%, dan C4 berjumlah 20%, lalu hasil pekerjaan diri subjek dianalisis dan dideskripsikan pada masing-masing ranah kognitifnya.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas VII A SMP N 1 Tempunak tahun ajaran 2020/2021 pada ranah C1 pada kategori Cukup, C2 pada kategori Baik, C3 pada kategori cukup dan C4 pada kategori baik.a
HUBUNGAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS VIII SMP N 02 TEMPUNAK
Authors: Herpanus Herpanus , Fitrianingrum Evi , Bantut Ahensius
Published: January 2022

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah terdapat hubungan antar kemandirian belajarterhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa indonesia kelas VIII. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) seberapa besar hubungan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasilbelajar, (2) seberapa besar pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar, (3) apakahterdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar.Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Jumlah populasi dalampenelitian ini adalah 81 siswa dan seluruh populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel. Data yangdiambil menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitiankuantitatif, metode penelitian inferensial dan bentuk penelitian korelasi. Populasi sebanyak 81dan semua populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian, sedangkan teknik pengumpul datayang digunakan yaitu teknik komunikasi tidak langsung dan teknik dokumentasi. Alatpengumpul data berupa angket menggunakan skala likert dan dokumen. Selanjutnya terlebihdahulu dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas data kemudian pengujian asumsi klasik. Datapenelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan uji kontribusi yaitu uji korelasi sederhana, ujideterminasi, dan uji regresi. Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian, hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa (1) kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar memiliki hubungan sebesar 0,350 dalamkategori rendah. (2) pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 13,8%. (3)terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan bersifat positif dan masuk dalam kriteria hubungan rendah.Dari hasil penelitian di atas, peneliti memberikan saran kepada siswa agar menyadaripentingnya kemandirian belajar yang berasal dari internal siswa itu sendiri tanpa ada doronganatau paksaan dari orang lain serta meningkatkan kemandirian belajar baik di rumah, di kelasdan di sekolah sehingga mampu pula meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang baik.Kata kunci: Kemandirian Belajar, Hasil Belajar.
REDUPLIKASI BAHASA DAYAK SEBERUANG ENSILAT DALAM PERCAKAPAN SEHARI-HARI DESA BONGKONG KECAMATAN SILAT HILIR KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU
Authors: Herpanus Herpanus , Tyas Debora Korining , Leny Desy Melinda
Published: January 2022

Bangsa Indonesia memiliki banyak ragam bahasa yang digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai alat komunikasi. Akibat keberagaman bahasa tersebut, tidak semua bahasa diketahui oleh masyarakat publik, contohnya bahasa Dayak Seberuang Ensilat. Dayak Seberuang Ensilat merupakan salah satu suku Dayak yang ada di Kalimantan Barat, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana jenis-jenis, proses pembentukan, dan makna gramatikal kata bereduplikasi pada percakapan sehari-hari bahasa Dayak Seberuang Ensilat Desa Bongkong Kecamatan Silat Hilir Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, metode deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Bongkong, Kecamatan Silat Hilir, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah kata yang bereduplikasi dalam bahasa Dayak Seberuang Ensilat. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Dayak Seberuang Ensilat di Desa Bongkong. Dari hasil penelitian pada kata yang bereduplikasi, terdapat dua rekaman percakapan yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi moderat dan alat pengumpulan data yaitu alat rekam. Data ditranskripsi menggunakan aplikasi Elan versi 4.9.4. Berdasarkan dua percakapan tersebut, ditemukan 34 kata reduplikasi  pada data rekaman pertama dan 9 kata reduplikasi pada data rekaman kedua. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, diharapkan kita dapat mengenal, mengetahui dan memahami bahasa Dayak Seberuang Ensilat, serta mengetahui tentang jenis kata bereduplikasi, proses-proses pembentukan dan makna gramatikal dalam bahasa Dayak Seberuang Ensilat, supaya bahasa tersebut tetap terjaga. Kata kunci: Reduplikasi, Bahasa, Dayak Seberuang Ensilat
KONFLIK DAN IRONI YANG DIALAMI TOKOH YUSUF DALAM KISAH INJIL MATIUS 1:18 – 25
Authors: Walewangko Stief Aristo
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to describe the conflict and irony that Yusuf faces in the Gospel of Matthew 1:18–25. This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive method that includes data collection techniques such as literature reviews and data analysis procedures such as reading, identifying, recording, connecting, and interpreting data. The source of this research is the story of Matthew 1:18 – 25. The result of this research shows that the conflict in Matthew 1:18 – 25 is an internal conflict which is the struggle of Joseph, facing the truth that his fiancée, Maria, were pregnant before they live as a husband and wife. Furthermore, there are three kinds of irony in Matthew 1:18 – 25, such as: verbal irony, dramatic irony and situational irony. Verbal irony shows in two ways: (1) Joseph takes Maria as his wife, but does not have sexual intercourse with her; (2) Joseph, a just man and unwilling to put Maria into shame, resolved to divorce her quietly. Dramatic irony describes when Joseph finds that Maria is pregnant before they’re getting married, and plans to divorce her, whereas she is not having child with another guy. Situational Irony takes place when Joseph resolves to divorce Maria, but in the end, he takes her as his wife precisely.
Oxygen Therapy Supply To Haemodynamic Status In Patient With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wulandari Novita Kurnia , Siswanto Joni , Widiyati Sri
Published: January 2022

Haemodynamic status which influences to serious condition of AMI. Observing the blood pressure, mean artery pressure, and heart rate are the main parameter of haemodynamic. One of the intervention to AMI patient aim to prevent the expansion of heart attack, also decrease pre-load and after-load with oxygen therapy supply. This study aimed to know the influence oxygen therapy supply to haemodynamic status in patient with AMI in Emergency Instalation of RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This study was a Pre Experimental Research with One Group Pre-post Test Design conducted one group of AMI patients who observed in haemodynamic status (blood pressure, mean artery pressure, and heart rate) before and after oxygen therapy supply. Research showed that 30 respondent with systolic (t = 6,662, p value0,05 is 0,000), dyastolic (Z = -3,763, p value0,05 is 0,000), mean artery pressure (t = 5,879, p value0,05 is 0,000), and heart rate (Z = -2,976, p value0,05 is 0,003). The conclusion showed p value0,05 so it means that oxygen therapy supply affects haemodynamic status in patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Food (in)security and (un)healthy diet on the (difficult) road to zero hunger: Celebrating the World Food Day
Authors: Iriti Marcello , Vitalini Sara , Varoni Elena Maria
Published: January 2022

The worldwide prevalence of undernourishment and food insecurity has been steadily increasing in recent years, despite the United Nations’ Zero Hunger target by 2030. At the same time, unhealthy diets represent a major cause of diet-related non-communicable diseases. This contributes to the global increase in overweight and obesity, the Janus of malnutrition. Major drivers of food insecurity are economic slowdowns and downturns (further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic), conflict and food crisis, poverty and inequality, and climate-related natural disasters. In this scenario, transformation of food systems will be pivotal to address these drivers of food insecurity, malnutrition, and unaffordability of healthy diets. Keywords: prevalence of undernourishment, malnutrition, Sustainable Development Goals, food systems, overweight, obesity, non-communicable diseases
Salivary Proteomics Identifies Transthyretin as a Biomarker of Early Dementia Conversion
Authors: Eldem Ece , Barve Aatmika , Sallin Olivier , Foucras Sandrine , Annoni Jean-Marie , Schmid Adrien W. , Alberi Auber Lavinia
Published: January 2022

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains to date an incurable disease with a long asymptomatic phase. Early diagnosis in peripheral biofluids has emerged as key for identifying subjects at risk and developing therapeutics and preventative approaches.

Objective:

We apply proteomics discovery to identify salivary diagnostic biomarkers for AD, which are suitable for self-sampling and longitudinal biomonitoring during aging.

Methods:

57 participants were recruited for the study and were categorized into Cognitively normal (CNh) ( n = 19), mild cognitive impaired (MCI) ( n = 21), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ( n = 17). On a subset of subjects, 3 CNh and 3 mild AD, shot-gun filter aided sample preparation (FASP) proteomics and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was employed in saliva and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to identify neural-derived proteins. The protein level of salivary Transthyretin (TTR) was validated using western blot analysis across groups.

Results:

We found that 19.8% of the proteins in saliva are shared with CSF. When we compared the saliva and CSF proteome, 24 hits were decreased with only one protein expressed more. Among the differentially expressed proteins, TTR with reported function in amyloid misfolding, shows a significant drop in AD samples, confirmed by western blot showing a 0.5-fold reduction in MCI and AD compared to CNh.

Conclusion:

A reduction in salivary TTR appears with the onset of cognitive symptoms. More in general, the proteomic profiling of saliva shows a plethora of biomarkers worth pursuing as non-invasive hallmarks of dementia in the preclinical stage.
Events, their names, and their synchronic structure
Authors: Guarino Nicola , Baratella Riccardo , Guizzardi Giancarlo
Published: January 2022

We present in this paper a novel ontological theory of events whose central tenet is the Aristotelian distinction between the object that changes and the actual subject of change, which is what we call an individual quality. While in the Kimian tradition events are individuated by a triple ⟨ o , P , t ⟩, where o is an object, P a property, and t an interval of time, for us the simplest events are qualitative changes, individuated by a triple ⟨ o , q , t ⟩, where q is an individual quality inhering in o or in one of its parts. Detaching the individuation of events from the property they exemplify results in a fine-grained theory that keeps metaphysics and semantics clearly separate, and lies between the multiplicative and the unitarian approaches. We discuss then the way language refers to events, observing that, in most cases, event descriptions refer to complex, cognitively relevant clusters of co-occurring qualitative changes, which exhibit a synchronic structure depending on the way they are described. Contra Bennett, who famously argued that the semantics of event names ultimately depends on “local context and unprincipled intuitions”, we show how the lexicon provides systematic principles for individuating such clusters and classifying them into kinds. Finally, we address some open challenges in the semantics of locative and manner modifiers.
Breast cancer stem cell population in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Gupta Parul , Singh Vikram , Kumar Sandeep , Das Ashim , Singh Gurpreet , Bal Amanjit
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer heterogeneity is well documented and to some extent is attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Breast cancer stem cells are identified by the presence of cell surface molecule CD44 and absence of CD24. METHODS: In the present study a flowcytometric analysis was done to study the expression distribution of CSC phenotype of CD44+/CD24-/low, among different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and to find a correlation with clinicopathological features. RESULTS: CSCs were observed in all the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The highest population of CSCs was noted in luminal B (3.4%), followed by TNBC (1.7%), and Her-2 subtype (1.6%). The least number of CD44+/CD24- cells were seen in Luminal A subgroup (1.3%). CONCLUSION: Existence of cancer stem cells in all the subtypes may suggest the possibility of failure of current therapies in treatment of patients.
A formalization of one of the main claims of “ALS-implicated protein TDP-43 sustains levels of STMN2, a mediator of motor neuron growth and repair” by Klim et al. 2019
Authors: Nichols B. Nolan
Published: January 2022

Klim et al. claimed in previous work that the protein TDP-43 generally contributes to the transcription of STMN2 in human motor neurons. We present here a formalization of that claim, stating that all things of class “TAR DNA binding protein” that are in the context of a thing of class “human motor neuron” can generally have a relation of type “contributes to” to a thing of class “transcription of stmn2” in the same context.
Does Ethnicity Influence Recruitment into Clinical Trials of Parkinson’s Disease?
Authors: Lau Yue Hui , Podlewska Aleksandra , Ocloo Josephine , Gupta Atul , Gonde Christopher , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Chaudhuri K. Ray
Published: January 2022

Background:

Lack of participation of black and minority ethnic communities (BAME) in registered clinical trials is a concern as data emerging from these studies are used to licence new drugs or other interventions, even though findings made in such selected study populations have limited external validity in the aforesaid ethnic groups.

Objective:

We used Parkinson’s disease (PD), the fastest rising neurodegenerative disorder in the world, as an exemplar condition to test our hypothesis that participants from BAME communities are underrepresented in clinical trials.

Methods:

A systematic search of clinical trials registered on a Clinicaltrials.gov database which queried for PD with racial distribution data from 2017 to 2021.

Results:

Out of 266 trials considered, 54 trials were published in peer reviewed journals. Among these, only 23 (42.65%) publications reported data regarding the racial distribution of the participants. Out of these, five studies involved mixed racial participation and two trials included black subjects.

Conclusion:

We found that inclusion of under-represented BAME groups in recently published clinical trials is low, at only 21.57%, and is not even considered in most studies. Out of the reviewed trials, only 5 (21.75%) studies reported detailed demographic categories with black minorities enrolment. This constitutes a severe under-representation when compared to the proportion of Black or African American in the UK population (3%). Results of this study identified the need for better reporting of racial composition in clinical trials. We strongly recommend that future studies should consider ethnicity and other issues around diversity when designing and implementing the clinical trials, not only in the PD field but also beyond.
Growing of single-crystals of double sodium-manganese(II) pyrophosphate
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Maksin V.I. , Lavrik R.V. , Ushchapivska T.I. , Petrenko O.V.
Published: January 2022

Single crystals of Na2Mn3(P2O7)2 compound have been first obtained during the examination of interaction in the Na2O–P2O5–Mn2O3–NaF (10 wt.%.) system in the fluxes with Na2O:P2O5 molar ratios ranging from 0.52 to 0.76 (saturated with manganese(III) oxide 25.0–32.0 wt.%) at the temperatures of 960–8800С. Optimum conditions for the synthesis and growing of single crystals of Na2Mn3(P2O7)2 compound have been determined. Complete X-ray diffraction analysis of the synthesized phosphate Na2Mn3(P2O7)2 has been performed. According to its structure, the double phosphate Na2Mn3(P2O7)2 belongs to the triclinic crystal system, spatial grid P ; lattice parameters are as follows: a=5.359 Å, b=6.563 Å, c=16.299 Å, =81.290, =82.700, =72.440, V=538.23 Å3, Z=4, сcalc= 3.447 g cm–3. Structural features of synthesized phosphate have been determined. The structure is composed of continuous chain of distorted octahedra [MnO6] spacing along the direction ob. Diphosphate groups of tetrahedra [РО4] divide the chains [MnO6] and also run along ob direction. Pairwise linked pentagonal bipyramids of sodium divide the "units" of polyhedral of manganese and phosphorus, filling the channels along oy axis. The crystalline structure of Na2Mn3(P2O7)2 includes three nonequivalent, according to their crystallography, octahedra of manganese with slightly distorted form. The compound has been studied using X-ray diffraction and X-ray phase analyses, differential thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy and complete chemical analysis.
Analysis of Gas, Oil, and Coal Company Performance during Pandemic of Covid-19: A Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Kusmayadi Dedi , Abdullah Yusuf , Firmansyah Irman
Published: January 2022

Energy potential and demand in Indonesia continues to grow, especially for coal power generation needs. Likewise, energy needs derived from gas and oil for industrial, household, and transportation needs, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, energy companies must have good performance to meet these needs. This study aims to determine the performance of energy companies, especially in gas & oil companies and coal companies, and the factors that influence them. The study was conducted in the last 3 years, namely 2018 to 2020 where there was a transition between before and during the pandemic. The study results found that there was a significant decrease between performance before the pandemic and during the pandemic. The decline was felt mainly by gas and oil companies. In addition, company size and liquidity are the most important factors to maintain the performance of energy companies. This is because the need for working capital to run an energy company is very large so that if it experiences a lack of funds, the company has the potential not to achieve the expected performance. In addition, of the two types of companies studied, coal companies significantly influence the performance of energy companies. This is in line with the huge energy demand from coal in Indonesia and the abundant coal reserves so that the opportunity to earn profits is greater than that of gas and oil companies.
Financial Performance and Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Morocco: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Chedad Khawla , Boukir Ayoub , Chaabi Sanae , Aguenaou Samir , Abrache Jawad
Published: January 2022

The following contribution investigates the main determinants that impact the financial performance and sutainability of Moroccan microfinance institutions (MFIs) in terms of governance indicators, staff productivity variables, and loans portfolio quality. Using an unbalanced panel data extracted from the Mix Market database and using structural equation modeling, 10 Moroccan MFIs were analyzed for the period between 1999 and 2017. Results indicate that there is no evidence of the impact of the regulatory environment and portfolio quality on these institutions' profitability, which is represented by the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), and sustainability, which is represented by the operational self-sufficiency (OSS) and the number of active borrowers. However, results indicate that personnel productivity has a significant positive direct impact on both profitability and sustainability. This study provides guidance to policy makers in terms of enhancing the performance of personnel productivity of these institutions in the Moroccan context.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WOUND COMPLICATIONS IN OBESE PATIENTS V/S NON-OBESE PATIENTS UNDERGOING EMERGENCY ABDOMINAL SURGERY.
Authors: Mehta Smit , Kumar Akhendar , Shah Samir M , Dekhaiya Firdaus A
Published: January 2022

Background :This is a prospective, comparative, observational study done amongst the  obese and non-obese patients who are admitted and undergone emergency abdominal surgery during the duration of one year to compare incidence of complications in both obese and non-obese group of patients.

Objective :Prospective, comparative, observational study amongst the obese and non-obese patients who are undergone emergency abdominal surgery to compare the incidence of complications among them.  Methods :All post-operative patients who are admitted in ward of department of general surgery, Sir T general hospital, Bhavnagar during the study duration of 1 year. We had applied aseptic dressings on all the postoperative patients and then divide them into obese and non-obese group according to their BMI and during study time period we will compare the role of obesity in wound complications.

Result :The incidence rate of post-operative complication as fever in obese(80%) & non-obese(35%), hemorrhage/hematoma in obese(15%) & nonobese(0%) , septicemia in obese(45%) & non-obese(15% ) ,atelectasis in obese(25%) & non-obese(0%) , as pneumonitis in obese(25%) & nonobese(0%) , as fistula both groups had 0%, as wound infection in obese(45%) & non-obese(10%) , as seroma in obese(25%) & nonobese(0%) and dehiscence in obese(15%) & non-obese(0%) patients.

Conclusion: The wound complications are significantly associated with obesity in patients undergoing abdominal surgery and incidence of complications are more in obese as compared to in non-obese patients.

Key words: Obese, non-obese, Wound, Complications, emergency abdominal Surgery
Legal regulation of the provision of information services
in the field of open data
Authors: Davydova Nataliya O. , Bugera Olena I. , Kyrenko Serhii H. , Serdiuk Nataliia A. , Shatilo Volodymyr A.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the search and practical analysis of the legal
regulation of the provision of information services in the field of access to public information (open data). Under informatization, the development of information society, and promotion of business and public
administration transparency, there is a rethinking of the role and significance of information as a social weal and legal phenomenon. Contracts for the provision of information services are widely used both
in private and public legal spheres. Access to public information is an
administrative service regulated by the principle of subordination, reporting, imperativeness. At the same time, actions with publicly available information can also be the subject of civil law contracts in providing information services. In particular, many online services offer information services based on private law on the data generating and processing obtained from state registers. Data publicity has advantages for all sectors, namely: private (making better decisions through access to complete information and developing new products, services, business models, and interaction models between business and public authorities); public authorities (increasing the public services efficiency and policy development and monitoring); public (improving communication between government, business, and society, preventing corruption, involving the public in the decision-making process).
Linux vs. Windows: A Comparison of Two Widely Used Platforms
Authors: Awan Muhammad Talha
Published: January 2022

Current studies in OS is usually between linux and windows these days. Both Windows and Linux are widely used PC operating systems (OS). Windows is an eye-catching operating system, but it is not as safe as Linux. With growing worries about OS security, Linux has become well-known among OS users for its security and efficiency. This paper manages two of the principal common types of operating systems (Linux, Windows) with the significance of the operating system in any device and, moreover, to direct the study over Linux and Windows. We've compared various characteristics concerning Windows and Linux that are utilized in various researches and directed a survey for this reason. The results of the survey related to Windows and Linux are analyzed. The findings indicate that Linux is more preferred when concerned with security, whereas Windows is preferred when user-friendliness is concerned.
Review Bandar Udara Dari Sisi Landside dengan Meninjau Segi Kepuasan Penumpang
Authors: Estikhamah Fithri , Aryaseta Bagas
Published: January 2022

Bandara dibagi menjadi dua bagian: udara (sisi udara) dan sisi darat (sisi darat). Bangunan terminal menghubungkan infrastruktur sisi udara dan sisi darat bandara . Berdasarkan fitur-fitur ini, bangunan terminal dibagi menjadi empat bagian: akses antarmuka, proses, area penyimpanan, dan sirkulasi internal. Gedung terminal memiliki fasilitas pelayanan seperti tiket penumpang, penanganan barang dagangan (bagasi), ruang  tunggu, kantor imigrasi, dan kantor operasional  maskapai. Kepuasan pelanggan adalah prioritas utama di semua industri berorientasi layanan. Tak terkecuali industri penerbangan sipil. Lalu lintas udara di dunia yang sangat kompetitif berarti bahwa maskapai yang berbeda bersaing untuk posisi teratas, yang membuat layanan pelanggan menjadi sangat penting. Skytrax merespons dari bandara, yang dilengkapi dan diservis lengkap. Setiap tahun, Skytrax memberikan penghargaan kepada bandara-bandara yang telah memenuhi persyaratan menjadi bandara kelas dunia. Surat ini menargetkan untuk menemukan elemen yang dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Dalam hal ini, penumpang dan pengunjung di bandara.
The Influence of cobalt concentration in nutrient medium on growth of California worm biomass and metal accumulation in it
Authors: Mashkin Yu. , Merzlov S. , Karkach P. , Fesenko V.
Published: January 2022

The biomass of the California redworm hybridis abiologically valuable feed additive for farm animals, poultryand fish. Worms contain a large amount of protein, lipids,vitamins and trace elements. The chemical composition ofworm biomass depends on the nutrient medium on whichit was grown. Worms are able to accumulate trace elementsfrom the nutrient medium in their body. Using this property,we conducted research on the biomass of worms enrichedwith Cobalt with the prospect of its furthe rusein fishfeeding. It was found that increasing the number and weightof worms depends on the content of Cobalt in the nutrientmedium. The in troduction of 20 mg/kg of Cobalt in to thenutrient medium increased the number and weight of wormsweighing 0.4-0.8 g, respectively, by 38.0% and 40.4%. Anincrease in the number of immature worms by 32.2% wasdetected. By adding 40 mg/kg of Cobalt to the nutrientmedium, the umber and weight of worms increase by 45.9and 51.1%, respectively. The introduction of Cobalt in theamount of 160 mg/kg resulted in a decrease in the numberof worms weighing 0.4-0.8 g compared to the experimentalgroups by 6.5-27.7%. It was found that at a dose of Cobalt160 mg/kg, the number of small worms decreased relativeto the experimental groups by 24.0-50.7%. There was adecrease and weight of young worms relative to control by22.4%.It is established that with increasing cobalt content in thenutrient medium increases its concentration in the biomassof worms. The highest content of Cobalt was found in thedrymatter of the biomass of worms grown on a nutrientmedium to which was added the test metalin the amount of160 mg/kg.The biomass of worms grown on a nutrient medium towhich was added 40 mg/kg of the investigated metal canbeuse das a protein supplement with high cobalt content infish feeding.
Key words: vermiculture, wormbiomass, metalaccumulation, nutrient medium, Cobalt, atomicabs orptionspectros copy.
“COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Okulu Yönetmek” Olgusuna İlişkin Okul Yöneticilerinin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: Bozkurt Bayram , Aktaş Halil İbrahim
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı okul yöneticilerinin COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde okulu yönetmek olgusuna ilişkin algılarını metaforlar aracılığıyla ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen ve Gaziantep’te görev yapan 114 okul yöneticisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubundaki katılımcıların çeşitliliği çalıştıkları okul kademesi, cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu ve kıdem gibi demografik özellikler ile sağlanmıştır.  Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tâbi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde okul yönetimi olgusuna ilişkin oluşturulan 114 metafor; krizi yönetmek, belirsizlikle yaşamak, risk altında olmak, sorumluluk taşımak, liderlik yapmak, boşuna çabalamak, değişimi yönetmek, mücadele etmek, keyif almamak, yetki eksikliği ve yoğun iş yükü olmak üzere 11 kategori altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ve sonuçlar doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Immunocompetent Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Cho Yeon Woo , Won Jae Yon
Published: January 2022

Purpose: We report five cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in immunocompetent patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: This was a retrospective observational case series of five immunocompetent patients with CMV retinitis. All patients had DM and variable degrees of DM retinopathy. After discovery of the retinitis, we assessed the patients in terms of ophthalmologic history, systemic conditions, underlying disease, and the medications used for treatment, such as immunosuppressants. This was followed by blood and immunology tests. None of the five patients were immunocompromised. We confirmed the diagnosis of CMV retinitis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis; samples were collected by anterior chamber paracentesis. All patients were treated with intravitreal antiviral injection until negative results were obtained for the anterior chamber PCR.Results: All five immunocompetent patients who had developed CMV retinitis, had a history of diabetes of at least 15 years. The average duration of diabetes was 17.4 ± 2.4 (15-20) years, the average HbA1c was 7.3 ± 0.5% (6.8-8.0%), and the average duration and numbers of Intravitreal antiviral injections were 23.8 ± 8.5 months (14-36 months) and 14.8 ± 3.2 times (10-18 times), respectively.Conclusions: We report this case series because CMV retinitis can be complicated even in diabetic patients shown to be immunocompetent.
Intracoronary Versus Intravenous Administration of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Aboushahba Abdulaziz , Solomon Raphael , Dawood Ahmed H , Altaj Ibrahim , Abdel Hady Gamal , Elbordy Mohamed , Elrefay Aida
Published: January 2022

Background: Previous trials remained inconsistent regarding benefits and possible risks associated with intracoronary (IC) administration compared with intravenous (IV) are still questionable. We aimed at evaluation safety and effectiveness of IC versus IV tirofiban administration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for diabetic patients (DM) presented with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: This trial included 100 patients who were randomized either IV high bolus plus maintenance or IC high bolus plus maintenance of tirofiban. Both groups were compared for pre and post intervention for myocardial perfusion, cardiac marker and Major composite adverse cardiac event incidence at 30 days were recorded. Results: Incidence of major adverse cardiac events was not different between groups, but Post procedure TIMI flow III and MBG III were significant in IC group with p = 0.45, and 0.21 respectively favoring intracoronary strategy. Peak CK-MB values were lower in IC tirofiban group than IV group, 155.68 ± 121, 192.4 ± 86 respectively with significant (p=0.021). Peak hs-TnT value was significantly were lower in IC tirofiban group [4291 ± 334 ng/dL vs 5342 ± 286 ng/dL in IV group; (p=0.035). ST segment resolution and 30 days LVEF in IC group were significantly higher in IC group than in IV group (p= 0.023) respectively. Conclusion: IC GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors is more effective in improving coronary blood flow and myocardial tissue perfusion in DM after STEMI 30 days post PCI despite the bleeding event and MACE rates showed no significant difference,IC tirofiban group, showed better improvement in LVEF.
Disturbed virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay (Japan) after the mega-earthquake and tsunami in March 2011
Authors: Nagata T , Yang Y , Fukuda H
Published: January 2022

On 11 March 2011, a mega-earthquake followed by a huge tsunami hit a large area of the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, and caused widespread disturbances in marine ecosystems; however, the impacts on virus-bacteria systems have not yet been elucidated. To investigate whether virus-bacteria interactions were affected by the earthquake and tsunami, we analyzed time series data of viral and bacterial abundances in Otsuchi Bay. Data were collected every 2 mo, from July 2011 to September 2015. Bacterial abundance exhibited a recurrent seasonal cycle with high abundance during the warm season. The seasonal trend of viruses generally followed that of the bacteria, yielding an average virus to bacteria ratio (VBR) of 10.8 ± 3.6 (mean ± SD; n = 432). A notable exception was found at the first 2 sampling times (July and September 2011) when the VBR was consistently low, with an average value of 5.9 ± 1.2 (n = 32). The average VBR during these time periods was substantially lower than the VBR observed in the same season of subsequent years. An analysis of the subset of data collected in the warm season of 2011 and 2012 revealed that the viral abundance and VBR were negatively correlated with turbidity. These results support the hypothesis that viruses were scavenged by non-host particles from the resuspended sediments and damaged catchment. The earthquake and tsunami thus exerted a prolonged impact, over several months, on the virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay.