bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facebook Aesthetics
Authors: Dar Sadhvi
Published: January 2022

What is the relationship between digital imaginaries and whiteness? Following recent calls to investigate the juncture between whiteness and the internet, this chapter seeks to provide a critique of imagery posted on Facebook in the aftermath of 'terror attacks' in Paris 2015. The author renders these images as structured by deep forms of white world-making, ways of thinking and feeling that reproduce whiteness as ethically superior, innocent, and in need of preserving at the cost of non-white knowledges and peoples. In this chapter, the author argues that the internet provides yet another site for whiteness to engage in white world-making by extending the white gaze to digital platforms in the service of transforming the violence of Paris into a racialised attack on white innocence. As such, the Paris images are understood as responding to and perpetuating a digital imaginary in which the political capacities of images relate to an ethics of violence to the non-white Muslim body.
Building a Racial Identity
Authors: Chang Eunjung
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines African American college students' learning experiences at the Florence County Museum. Looking at several works of art, how do African American students construct their learning experiences in a course-required tour? What personal meanings do they take away from the experience? African American students are voluntarily engaged or only occupied in the works that are related to or connected to their racial roots. They also interpret the works of art from their racial points of view. Therefore, their racial identity as an African American is a key part of understanding their learning experience from the museum. It is important for African Americans not only to see themselves in museum exhibitions but also be able to develop their racial identity and imagine their future through art. It creates equal opportunities for all students from different social, racial, and cultural groups to function effectively in a diverse demographic society.
“Just Listen to What the Panthers Are Saying”
Authors: Carbone Valeria
Published: January 2022

Within the American Black Movement, the Black Panther Party (BPP) became the most prominent and influential organization of the 1960s and 1970s. The movement initiated in Oakland (California) and captured the attention of politicians, journalists, intellectuals, and scholars. From a documentary corpus that shows its protagonists' perspective, this chapter aims to focus on the actions, goals, and development of the Black Panthers: what they did, how and why they did it, and what they represented to the Black freedom struggle. It offers an analysis of their tactics and strategies of struggle against police brutality, poor housing and living conditions, unemployment, poverty, and structural racism. The authors aim to show how the BPP went from being a local grassroots organization to a national and highly popular political party for collective action, much more complex and influential than what the collective memory and the dominant historiography have shown.
Teaching Safety, Compliance, and Critical Thinking in Special Education Classrooms
Authors: Padía Lilly B.
Published: January 2022

Special educators are tasked with teaching students with disabilities to understand and adhere to social norms for their own safety and acceptance in society. This chapter explores ways special educators can teach critical thinking alongside these social and cultural norms in order to support student agency. One special educator shares her experiences working with students with disabilities in urban public schools as she grapples with teaching her students what they need to know to be safe, while also teaching to challenge oppressive social and behavioral expectations.
What Is It Like to Be a Minority Student at a Predominantly White Institution?
Authors: Rudge Lucila T.
Published: January 2022

This study examines the differences in experiences and perceptions of campus climate of 38 minority students enrolled in a predominantly white institution (PWI). African American students, Native American students, gender and sexually diverse students, students with disabilities, Latinx students, and international students participated in the study. About half of the participants reported negative experiences with racism and discrimination on campus whereas the other half reported the opposite. Attribution to discrimination theory informed the theoretical framework of this study and the data analysis. Policy recommendations to improve the climate of diversity on university campus are provided.
COVID-19's Impact on Student Academic Performance in Undeveloped Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Qandeel Aqsa , Saeed Muhammad Arif , Amin Sara , Umar Muhammad
Published: January 2022

The current study was designed to demonstrate the challenges faced by the students of undeveloped areas of Multan, Punjab, Pakistan related to the inaccessibility of proper internet coverage and inconvenience in attending the online classes. The data was collected through online interviews from the university students at the Master's and Bachelor's levels. This qualitative study revealed the tremendous fluctuation in grade attaining and low satisfactory level of attaining practical impact and knowledgeable vision through online classes. The notion of dependency theory by Raul Prebisch also supported the study about ‘having not' the economic development and deprivation status. Through the implication of narrative analysis, it was found that the students were unable to access proper internet, and it was causing mental stress in them and trouble in maintaining their normal behavior in regular domestic tasks. The findings of the study indicate the need to manage more appropriate methods and systems to cope with the pandemic situations of the future.
Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Shams Shahriar , Ashrafuzzaman Md. , Alam Atm Shafiul , Mamun Md. Abdullah Al , Kabir Mohammed Mahbubul
Published: January 2022

There are clear distinctions among the concepts of emergency remote teaching and learning (ERTL), online distance teaching and learning (ODTL), and open and distance learning (ODL). This chapter explores different aspects of changes that happened in the field of higher education during the time of the global crisis. It focuses on how COVID-19 pushes educational institutions and educators to provide emergency remote teaching and learning opportunities by switching from traditional pedagogies to online pedagogies. This chapter also highlights the digital competencies, which educators and learners had to develop because of the necessity. Special attention is then given to different pedagogical aspects of emergency remote teaching and learning and how digital competencies help in developing innovative pedagogical strategies and practices to face the challenges and overcome the barriers to provide support and continue education.
The Usefulness of ICT in Education During the Lockdown for COVID-19
Authors: Ahmed Musa Midila
Published: January 2022

Digital literacy through integration of information and communication technology (ICT) into the education systems is globally gaining popularity. Nowadays, schools use diverse ICT tools to create, update, store, communicate, as well as manage information. The purpose of this chapter is to identify the usefulness of ICT in the education system during the lockdown for COVID-19 globally. The study covers innovative use of ICT in teaching and learning, accessibility, and quality of education, as well as learners' academic performance during the COVID-19 lockdown. Making use of the technology improves accessibility as well as quality of education during the COVID-19 lockdown. ICT eliminates the need for physical interaction between educators and learners by creating virtual learning environment. Learners can take courses online with the cost far cheaper than the physical learning environment. ICT promotes learners' motivation and engagement by facilitating the shift to learner-centred methods.
The Role of Higher Education in Recovery, Resilience, and Prosperity After the Coronavirus
Authors: Gowan Sunaina
Published: January 2022

This study aims to explore the implications of COVID-19 on higher education and how universities and colleges can be engines of social and environmental transformation. They can do more to help shape new ways for the world by transforming how we interact with the planet in the current and post-pandemic era. The findings from this study indicate that societal and technological progress is driven by the education sector through research and discovery. The measures suggested may assist the higher education providers in recovery efforts. The role of higher education in delivering the Sustainable Development Goals implies that the sustainability agenda must be led with leaders acting with purpose at all levels. As countries begin to move towards recovery, coherent actions analysed in this chapter can place the world on a robust trajectory towards achieving sustainable development. This study can be useful for higher education leaders, researchers, and policy makers in terms of developing contingency plans that can address future pandemics with specific attention to sustainable recovery.
Bilateral Cooperation Between Australia and Bangladesh in Diverse Areas
Authors: Ali Muhammad Mahboob
Published: January 2022

This chapter discussed the multi- sectoral bilateral cooperation between Australia and Bangladesh during and post-COVID-19-related to interregional trade, foreign investment, ready-made-garments export, education, blue economy, microfinance, tourism, renewable energy, and finally, fulfillment of targets of SDGs. How do diverse areas of bilateral cooperation between Bangladesh and Australia become more efficient and effective in resource utilization and bring socio-economic benefits? Advancement in economic cooperation in both the countries may be improved from trade and investment, enhancement of education using Australian model, improvement and enhancement in energy, blue economy, education, health, and RMG sector. Australian partnership will be helpful for government agencies, policy makers, and associated stakeholders of Bangladesh for future improvements and development interventions in diverse multisector areas. Emphasis needs to be given to ecofriendly sustainability as suggested by the author to meet the climate change and sustainability goals.
Review of Post-COVID-19 Tourism Marketing Partnership Opportunities Between Australia and Pakistan
Authors: Haq Farooq , Maheen Anam Syed
Published: January 2022

This chapter presents a deliberation on an opportunity for tourism marketing partnership between Australian and South Asia, with a focus on Pakistan. Tourism being the star performing industry across the globe has faced unprecedented crash due to COVID-19. Post-COVID-19 market opening relies heavily on the fundamental option of partnerships between governments and private players. The tourism demand has triggered partnerships between government and private agencies across various countries that have convergence in areas of culture, politics, and economy. Australia and Pakistan are among the countries who do not have geographical proximity, but they enjoy congruence in agriculture-based economy and sports-based entertainment. Moreover, both countries have diverse tourism resources serving travelers in hedonistic, mountain, snow, spiritual, sports, and events. This chapter highlights the types of tourism marketing that could be facilitated in a post-COVID-19 environment between Australia and Pakistan and phases involved in the partnership essential for meeting United Nations SDGs.
Australia's Trade and Investment Strategy in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Chowdhury Mamta B , Samad Ataus , Sayfullah Md
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines how the trade and investment relationship between Australia and the Asia-Pacific nations has been evolving over the past decades. The chapter also reflects on the gradual shift of trade and diplomatic relationships in this region since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The ongoing global pandemic has not only been disrupting the global economic and geopolitical environment but also reshaping the trade relationship in the region. The chapter explores the greater trade and investment opportunities between Australia and South Asia with a special emphasis on the increased potential bilateral trade partnership with Bangladesh. Following the neoclassical comparative advantage theories, this study suggests that long-run economic benefits and synergies can be enhanced by utilising the ample trade opportunities created by the COVID-19 pandemic to achieve numerous UNSDGs. Therefore, strengthening further trade and diplomatic alliances between Australia and Bangladesh will be mutually beneficial and generate positive growth and development effects for both countries.
Contextualising Computational Thinking Disposition Framework From an Affective Perspective
Authors: Osman Kamisah
Published: January 2022

Recent studies have revealed that the existing measurement methods related to computational thinking (CT) pivot on gauging thinking skills, recommending an extended understanding of CT as disposition. Disposition reflects inclination towards learning CT and indicates the interest to think intelligently about issues confronting them. Hence, the aim of this chapter is to assess students' affection towards learning CT as problem solving tool that can transform knowledge more productively. In the context of the affective domain, attitudes and beliefs can be regarded of as generic responses to something, the core quality of an emotion, feeling, mood, or temperament, and hence as affective mental activities. The framework of the CT disposition proposed in this chapter was developed based on tripartite classification of mental activities known as of trilogy of mind: cognitive, affective, and conative. The basic tenet of this chapter is aligned with the theoretical underpinnings of thinking dispositions which is expected to suit different contexts and needs.
Compliance With Information Systems Security Controls in Higher Education in South Africa
Authors: Kante Macire , Ndayizigamiye Patrick , Essopjee Aarifah
Published: January 2022

The surge in information security breaches in higher learning institutions has prompted researchers to identify factors that need to be considered to ensure compliance with information systems security controls in place. This chapter investigated factors that influence compliance with information systems security by adopting a conceptual framework that combines the protection motivation theory (PMT) and the skills theory as the guiding framework. Data was collected from a convenient sample size of 85 respondents from a higher learning institution in South Africa. Data analysis was carried out using the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SMARTPLS 3.2.9 software. The results revealed that perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived rewards, response efficacy, response costs, and awareness explained 42.2% of the variance in compliance with information systems security controls. Thus, this study suggests that practitioners need to ensure that students recognise information systems security threats of their universities.
AI and Social Impact
Authors: Moore Sandra , Brown Sheena , Butler William
Published: January 2022

Just because everything can be automated does not mean everything should be. As machine learning and artificial intelligence become intertwined within the global fabric of society, potential societal impacts must be considered. Is it necessary to know someone's sexual orientation? Will that help sell products or pose a threat to that individual? Countries call for such algorithms; however, the literature has shown that current attempts are neither significant nor correct most of the time. Is it important to know one's race? What happens when a person of color is targeted based on biased algorithms by police? Or denied a loan based on biased resourcing that indicates low-income individuals are more likely to offend? These algorithms contain a multitude of bias based on the datasets used. The use of inclusive datasets is necessary to get accurate, unbiased, and therefore viable data to ensure that AI technologies function correctly.
Online Teaching Satisfaction and Technostress at Japanese Universities During Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors: Apple Matthew T. , Mills Daniel J.
Published: January 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic hit Japan in early 2020, courses that were already prepared for face-to-face delivery from the start of the spring term in April suddenly needed to be delivered online via emergency remote teaching. In order to understand the challenges that university faculty faced and to find ways to improve upon the situation if this becomes the “new normal,” it is imperative to understand faculty satisfaction with online teaching and how these perceptions affect motivation and lifestyle. University faculty teaching English-language courses were recruited from several universities in Japan and asked to complete an online survey which consisted of demographics, questions related to online teacher satisfaction, teacher motivation, teacher lifestyle, and open-ended questions. Results indicated mixed feelings toward online education, negative evaluations of the lack of Japanese universities' preparedness for online long-distance learning, and concerns about the social and physical health of students and instructors.
Emergency Remote Teaching in Tertiary Education
Authors: Antoniou Savvi
Published: January 2022

The recent pandemic has forced many language instructors to adjust their teaching practices since many of the methods used prior to COVID-19 could not be used remotely. The aim of this chapter is to share the experience of a language practitioner and 22 students and discuss how they managed to cope with this unprecedented situation. The issues raised, the solutions given, and the lessons learned at the end of this endeavor are documented and shared. Quantitative data were collected by a questionnaire addressed to the students at the end of this period. Qualitative data were collected by the practitioner's descriptive/reflective notes and by a semi-constructed interview of students. The results revealed that students' attitudes became more positive towards online learning at the end of this experience. The practitioner's adaptability, continuous self-training, and positive attitude towards change were proved to be determining factors linked to students' positive attitudes in the end.
Online Teaching Writing to University Students
Authors: Kavytska Tamara , Drobotun Viktoriia
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the emergency online writing instruction aimed at enhancing integrated cause-and-effect writing in tertiary school students. Specifically, the research compares two models of digital support in terms of their impact on the quality of cause-and-effect academic essays. The instruction relied on the integrated approach to writing instruction and the theory of online collaborative learning. The study was organized as experimental training with third-year university students (n=42) as participants who formed two experimental and two control groups. The study shows a generally positive impact of both digitally supported instruction models on the overall quality of cause-and-effect writing. However, different aspects of the indicated writing appeared unevenly affected by digital support of the online course. With the training efficacy of both digital support models confirmed, the general conclusion drawn from the research lies in the idea that only a targeted selection of online technologies can produce a significant enhancement of the skills under training.
University Students Going Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Karavas Kia , Liontou Trisevgeni
Published: January 2022

Since March 2020, with the first outbreak of COVID-19, university education in Greece shifted to online teaching. Taking into account the principles of effective online teaching and with a view of making course content consistent, relevant, and meaningful to students, the authors of this chapter decided to transform a compulsory course of the Department of English Language and Literature into a blended course with elements of a remote flipped classroom. This chapter aims to present the decisions taken for the adjustment of the course and to present university students' evaluation of this course focusing their opinions of the revised course structure and challenges they faced while completing the course. The results revealed that although student response to fully online distance learning was not overwhelmingly positive, their response towards the flipped classroom model was. This points to the great potential the flipped classroom model can have for introducing pedagogies that combine distance learning with face-to-face teaching.
Exploring the Shaping of English Language Teacher Practices While Working With Refugees and Asylum Seekers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Motteram Gary , Dawson Susan , Fay Richard , Mora Andres , Leoni Francesco
Published: January 2022

This chapter reports on a project which began during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. The project supported a group of UK-based ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) teachers and volunteers as the pandemic forced them to move from face-to-face to online teaching with refugees and asylum seekers. Using an ecological perspective, the authors explored the different possibilities for action that the teachers and volunteers perceive in the ever-changing pandemic environment and consider how language teacher practices and the achievement of organisational aims have been shaped, and in turn are shaping, online teaching. It concludes by considering how the practices developed for online teaching might now shape teaching as it returns, to a large extent, to face-to-face.
Developing Geodetic Search Interface Through Auto-Generation of Geographic Name Authority Datasets
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Parthasarathi , Mukhopadhyay Mondrita
Published: January 2022

This research study is an attempt to develop a MARC-formatted authority dataset for Indian geo-administrative units given the inadequate coverage of Indian place names in global authority datasets. It starts with an authenticated place names file in CSV format and applies data wrangling tools and techniques to fetch geospatial data and other related datasets from open access data sources to develop a geographic name authority file for Indian place names with geocoordinate data values. Later, this research also demonstrates how that authority dataset can be implemented in an open-source ILS and how retrieval features of a library discovery system can be enhanced through a geodetic search interface by utilizing that authority dataset. The entire methodologies are based on open data, open-source software, and open standards.
Management and Use of Metadata as a Legal Information Retrieval Tool
Authors: Adeyemi Ismail Olatunji
Published: January 2022

The practice of information retrieval (IR) is not new to the legal profession. IR tools have been present in legal research and practices since electronic information resources have gained inroads into the profession. The surge in the use of electronic means to transfer documents owing to the current reality of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the concerns as to legal metadata. Metadata is important information that describes information or data. It gives more details about a document. Despite the relevance of metadata as a tool in IR, there is little or no clear understanding as to its management and usage amongst Nigerian lawyers in the course of their legal research and academic writings. Moreover, there is silence on the ethical guidelines as to its usage. Therefore, this chapter addresses the concerns of Nigerian lawyers as to how to manage and use metadata as an IR tool and the ethical issues as it concerns the use of metadata among lawyers.
Performance Analysis of Heterogeneous Systems Ieee 802.11 and Ieee 802.16 Using Spectrum Sharing Mechanism
Authors: Adekar R.H. , Kureshi A. K.
Published: January 2022

After the advent of cellular standards for mobile wireless voice telephony and data transfer, IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 standards evolved for wireless broadband data transfer. The IEEE 802.11 replaced the wired LAN and IEEE 802.16 was to wireless point-to-point provide broadband data transfer. IEEE 802.11 operates in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands whereas IEEE 802.11, which was initially designed to operate on a licensed band, later switched to a 2-11 GHz band. However, both these standards used a 5 GHz unlicensed band for transmission causing the possible overlap of channels. The designed protocols fairly allow the sharing on an ad-hoc basis. IEEE 802.11 operated in distributed coordination mode using Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and point coordinated mode using a dedicated coordinator node called Point Coordination Function (PCF). However, DCF mode allows spectrum sharing for multiple users. Both standards were not designed for coexistence and thereby they may cause interference to each other, degrading their performance. Mechanisms can be designed at various layers such as MAC or PHY to enable the coexistence with desired QoS. In this paper, a performance analysis of the impact of possible interference between IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 devices is presented. Therefore, this paper presents the approaches for allowing a reliable operation between IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.11 when both are sharing unlicensed spectrum 5GHz. In this paper, we propose advancements to the MAC of IEEE 802.16 Base Station (BS) where IEEE 802.11 frame transmissions are not required by an IEEE 802.16 system. Here, Co-existence between IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 is permitted without any exchange of data between both standards, and also it provides quality of service for both systems operating at unlicensed spectrum 5GHz.
Defective STAT5 Activation and Aberrant Expression of BCL6 in Naive CD4 T Cells Enhances Follicular Th Cell–like Differentiation in Patients with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Kim Sangmi , Boehme Lena , Nel Louise , Casian Alina , Sangle Shirish , Nova-Lamperti Estefania , Seitan Vlad , Spencer Jo , Lavender Paul , D’Cruz David P , John Susan
Published: January 2022

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a potentially fatal small vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology, characterized by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, chronic inflammation, and granulomatous tissue damage. T cell dysregulation, comprising decreased regulatory T cell function and increased circulating effector memory follicular Th cells (TFH), is strongly associated with disease pathogenesis, but the mechanisms driving these observations are unknown. We undertook transcriptomic and functional analysis of naive CD4 T cells from patients with GPA to identify underlying functional defects that could manifest in the pathogenic profiles observed in GPA. Gene expression studies revealed a dysregulation of the IL-2 receptor β/JAK-STAT signaling pathway and higher expression of BCL6 and BCL6-regulated genes in GPA naive CD4 T cells. IL-2–induced STAT5 activation in GPA naive CD4 T cells was decreased, whereas STAT3 activation by IL-6 and IL-2 was unperturbed. Consistently, BCL6 expression was sustained following T cell activation of GPA naive CD4 T cells and in vitro TFH differentiation of these cells resulted in significant increases in the production TFH-related cytokines IL-21 and IL-6. Thus, naive CD4 T cells are dysregulated in patients with GPA, resulting from an imbalance in signaling equilibrium and transcriptional changes that drives the skewed pathogenic CD4 effector immune response in GPA.
Predictive factors for successful sperm retrieval by microdissection testicular sperm extraction in men with nonobstructive azoospermia and a history of cryptorchidism
Authors: Chen Xing-Lin , Wei Yu-Ang , Ren Xiao-Han , Zhang Xu , Li Guang-Yao , Lu Zhong-Wen , Zhang Dong , Qin Chao , Su Shi-Feng
Published: January 2022

This study aims to explore the factors influencing the success rate of the microdissection testicular sperm extraction (Micro-TESE) in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and cryptorchidism. Clinical data of 162 patients with cryptorchidism who underwent Micro-TESE due to infertility from December 2015 to May 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. In the univariate analysis, significant differences in the age of patient at the time of orchidopexy (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 7.0 [4.0–11.0] years vs 11.5 [9.0–14.5] years, P < 0.001), interval between orchidopexy and Micro-TESE (mean ± standard deviation: 17.5 ± 5.0 years vs 14.4 ± 4.4 years, P < 0.001), severity of cryptorchidism (unilateral [62.8%] vs bilateral [31.6%], P < 0.001; location of cryptorchidism, intra-abdominal [27.3%] vs inguinal [44.8%] vs suprascrotal [66.7%], P < 0.001), volume of the dominant testis (median [IQR]: 17.00 [15.00–19.00] ml vs 14.50 [11.75–16.25] ml, P < 0.001), and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; P = 0.004) and testosterone (P = 0.006) were observed between the successful and failed sperm extraction groups. After conducting the multivariate analysis, four of these factors, including unilateral/bilateral cryptorchidism (P < 0.001), location of cryptorchidism (P = 0.032), age of orchidopexy (P < 0.001), and dominant testicular volume, were adopted in the clinical prediction model to evaluate preoperatively the success rate of Micro-TESE for patients with NOA and cryptorchidism. The likelihood of successful sperm retrieval by Micro-TESE in men with NOA and cryptorchidism increased in patients with mild forms of cryptorchidism.
Endocrine aberrations of human nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Tao Yong
Published: January 2022

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) refers to the failure of spermatogenesis, which affects approximately 1% of the male population and contributes to 10% of male infertility. NOA has an underlying basis of endocrine imbalances since proper human spermatogenesis relies on complex regulation and cooperation of multiple hormones. A better understanding of subtle hormonal disturbances in NOA would help design and improve hormone therapies with reduced risk in human fertility clinics. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research on the endocrinological aspects of NOA, especially the hormones involved in hypothalamic–pituitary–testis axis (HPTA), including gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin, inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone, and leptin. For the NOA men associated with primary testicular failure, the quality of currently available evidence has not been sufficient enough to recommend any general hormone optimization therapy. Some other NOA patients, especially those with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, could be treated with hormonal replacement. Although these approaches have succeeded in resuming the fertility in many NOA patients, the prudent strategies should be applied in individuals according to specific NOA etiology by balancing fertility benefits and potential risks. This review also discusses how NOA can be induced by immunization against hormones.
Airway Challenges Posed by Tongue Injuries Following Neurosurgical Procedures in Prone Position
Authors: Kulkarni Amruta Mihir , Shetty Vijay L.
Published: January 2022

Safe patient position is an important aspect of anaesthesia care. Prone position during neurosurgery may be associated with airway oedema or complications such as tongue injuries or swelling. Prevention of such morbidities with proper planning, meticulous positioning, continuous vigilance, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial. We describe the perioperative events of three patients who presented with tongue-related morbidity following neurosurgical procedures in the prone position where one developed tongue haematoma and other two had macroglossia in the postoperative period. The patient with haematoma was asymptomatic and required no intervention apart from reassurance about the self-resolving nature of haematoma. Two patients with macroglossia were kept intubated, nursed in head-up position and administered intravenous steroids and local antidesiccants. One patient required tracheostomy while the other could be extubated 48 h postoperatively. Vigilance, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management improved overall outcome.
Real-World Evidence of Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, and Docetaxel Combination as a First-Line Treatment for Korean Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Yong-Pyo , Lee Min-Sang , Kim HongSik , Kim Ji-Yeon , Ahn Jin Seok , Im Young-Hyuck , Park Yeon Hee
Published: January 2022

Purpose Trastuzumab has markedly improved the survival outcomes of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer, and dual blockade of HER2 using trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with taxanes (THP) has become a standard of care for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) worldwide since the CLEOPATRA trial. We assessed the outcomes of THP as a first-line treatment for Korean HER2-positive MBC patients in the real-world setting.Materials and Methods Between August 2008 and October 2020, we identified 228 HER2-positive MBC patients who received THP as a first-line palliative chemotherapy. We analyzed survival outcomes, efficacy, and adverse events of THP retrospectively.Results After a median follow-up duration of 28.7 months, median overall survival and progression-free survival were 58.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.6 to 80.0) and 19.1 months (95% CI, 16.2 to 21.9), respectively. Better survival outcomes were observed in patient who received docetaxel for more than six cycles. Patients exposed to anti-HER2 directed therapies in a perioperative setting had poor survival outcomes. The overall response rate was 86.8% with a complete response (CR) rate of 17.7%. Among responders, 16.7% of patients sustained THP over 35 months and showed better survivals and higher CR rates. Adverse events were comparable to those reported in previous studies.Conclusion In a real-world context, clinical outcomes of Korean HER2-positive MBC patients treated with THP were similar to those of patients in the CLEOPATRA trial. Much longer follow-up results would be warranted.
Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Identified NOTCH2 and HES1 as Potential Markers of Response to Imatinib in Desmoid Tumor (Aggressive Fibromatosis): A Phase II Trial Study
Authors: Kwon Joonha , Lee Jun Hyeong , Lee Young Han , Lee Jeeyun , Ahn Jin-Hee , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Seung Hyun , Kim Tae Il , Yun Kum-Hee , Park Young Suk , Kim Jeong Eun , Lee Kyu Sang , Choi Jung Kyoon , Kim Hyo Song
Published: January 2022

Purpose Desmoid tumor, also known as aggressive fibromatosis, is well-characterized by abnormal Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Various therapeutic options, including imatinib, are available to treat desmoid tumor. However, the molecular mechanism of why imatinib works remains unclear. Here, we describe potential roles of NOTCH2 and HES1 in clinical response to imatinib at genome and transcriptome levels.Materials and Methods We identified somatic mutations in coding and noncoding regions via whole-genome sequencing. To validate the genetic interaction with expression level in desmoid-tumor condition, we utilized large-scale whole-genome sequencing and transcriptome datasets from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project. RNA-sequencing was performed using prospective and retrospective cohort samples to evaluate the expressional relevance with clinical response.Results Among 20 patients, four (20%) had a partial response and 14 (66.7%) had stable disease, 11 of which continued for ≥ 1 year. With gene-wise functional analyses, we detected a significant correlation between recurrent NOTCH2 noncoding mutations and clinical response to imatinib. Based on Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes data analyses, NOTCH2 mutations affect expression levels particularly in the presence of CTNNB1 missense mutations. By analyzing RNA-sequencing with additional desmoid tumor samples, we found that NOTCH2 expression was significantly correlated with HES1 expression. Interestingly, NOTCH2 had no statistical power to discriminate between responders and non-responders. Instead, HES1 was differentially expressed with statistical significance between responders and non-responders.Conclusion Imatinib was effective and well tolerated for advanced desmoid tumor treatment. Our results show that HES1, regulated by NOTCH2, as an indicator of sensitivity to imatinib, and an important therapeutic consideration for desmoid tumor.
Genomic Correlates of Unfavorable Outcome in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation
Authors: Wei Yuchun , Wei Chuqing , Chen Liang , Liu Ning , Ou Qiuxiang , Yin Jiani C. , Pang Jiaohui , Fang Zhenhao , Wu Xue , Wang Xiaonan , Mu Dianbin , Shao Yang , Yu Jinming , Yuan Shuanghu
Published: January 2022

PurposeNeoadjuvant therapy modality can increase the operability rate and mitigate pathological risks in locally advanced cervical cancer, but treatment response varies widely. It remains unclear whether genetic alterations correlate with the response to neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer.Materials and MethodsA total of 62 locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ tumor biopsy samples were comprehensively profiled using targeted next generation sequencing. Pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment and DFS were evaluated against the association with genomic traits.ResultsGenetic alterations of PIK3CA were most frequent (37%), comparable to that of Caucasian populations from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The mutation frequency of genes including TERT, POLD1, NOS2, and FGFR3 was significantly higher in Chinese patients whereas RPTOR, EGFR, and TP53 were underrepresented in comparison to Caucasians. Germline mutations were identified in 21% (13/62) of the cohort and more than half (57%) had mutations in DNA damage repair genes, including BRCA1/2, TP53 and PALB2. Importantly, high tumor mutation burden, TP53 polymorphism (rs1042522), and KEAP1 mutations were found to be associated with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment. KEAP1 mutations, PIK3CA-SOX2 co-amplification, TERC copy number gain, and TYMS polymorphism correlated with an increased risk of disease relapse.ConclusionWe report the genomic profile of locally advanced cervical cancer patients and the distinction between Asian and Caucasian cohorts. Our findings highlight genomic traits associated with unfavorable neoadjuvant chemoradiation response and a higher risk of early disease recurrence.
Note on Lisbon integrals and their associated $D$-modules
Authors: Barlet Daniel
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to specify the links between the three kinds of Lisbon integrals, trace functions and trace forms with the corresponding

D

-modules.
Well-posedness and long time behavior for a general class of Moore–Gibson–Thompson equations with a memory
Authors: Nicaise Serge , Bounadja Hizia
Published: January 2022

We consider the well-posedness and the long time behavior of the Moore– Gibson–Thompson equation with memory in the critical case. We first find general sufficient conditions that guarantee a (optimal) polynomial decay of the system. Then by comparing the behavior of the resolvent of the Moore–Gibson–Thompson system with the one of the resolvent of the wave equation with a frictional interior damping, we furnish a stronger polynomial decay of the solution.
Materiały do dziejów Związku Weteranów Powstań Narodowych RP 1914–1921 i Związku Powstańców Wielkopolskich 1918–1919 w zasobie Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu
Authors: Rezler Marek
Published: January 2022

W 2011 r., z okazji zbliżającej się, setnej rocznicy wybuchu powstania wielkopolskiego, Archiwum Państwowe w Poznaniu przystąpiło do rejestrowania i digitalizacji dokumentów dotyczących powstania, znajdujących się w zasobach Archiwum. Szczególnie interesujący jest zespół nr 884: Związek Powstańców Wielkopolskich, w którym zgromadzono dokumenty niemal wszystkich związków kombatanckich zrzeszających weteranów wielkopolskich wydarzeń z lat 1918–1919. Zachowany materiał, zebrany w 402 j.a. (13 960 rekordów spisu), choć nierówny merytorycznie, pozwala zorientować się wielokierunkowo w realiach środowiska w okresie (zwłaszcza) międzywojennym. Spis zespołu został zakończony i jest gotowy do udostępnienia w sieci.

Polish Association of the Veterans of National Uprisings 1914–1921 and the Association of Greater Poland Uprising Veterans 1918–1919 in the light of the materials of the State Archive in Poznań

In 2011, to celebrate the upcoming one-hundredth anniversary of the Greater Poland Uprising, the State Archive in Poznań began registering and digitalizing documents regarding the uprising, found in the collection of the Archive. Fond no. 884: “Association of Greater Poland Uprising Veterans” is particularly interesting. It includes documents on nearly all veteran associations uniting veterans of the events in Greater Poland in the years 1918–1919. The preserved material, collected in archival unit 402 (13 960 records on the list), though of varying quality, allows one to gain some knowledge on the operation of the community, especially in the interwar period. The inventory of the fond is now complete and ready to be shared on the Internet.
Materiały do dziejów Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu w świetle spuścizn z zasobu PAN Archiwum w Warszawie Oddział w Poznaniu
Authors: Matysiak Jarosław
Published: January 2022

W artykule przedstawiono spuścizny czterech pracowników Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu, przechowywane w zasobie PAN Archiwum w Warszawie Oddział w Poznaniu – dyrektorów placówki: Kazimierza Kaczmarczyka, Czesława Skopowskiego i Jana Szajbla, oraz kierownika Pracowni Konserwacji materiałów archiwalnych Kazimiery Chojnackiej. W tekście przedstawiono okoliczności przejęcia spuścizn przez PAN Archiwum w Warszawie Oddział w Poznaniu, omówiono materiały dotyczące Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu i działalności autorów spuścizn w okresie pracy w tymże archiwum.

Materials regarding the history of the State Archive in Poznań in the light of the legacies from the collection of the Archive of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Poznań branch

The article presents the legacies of four employees of the State Archive in Poznań, kept in the collection of the Archive of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Poznań branch, namely the directors of the office: Kazimierz Kaczmarczyk, Czesław Skopowski, and Jan Szajbel, as well as Kazimiera Chojnacka, the head of the Archive Materials Preservation Lab. The text presents the circumstances in which these legacies were taken over by the Archive of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań branch, and discusses the materials concerning the State Archive in Poznań and the activity of the authors of the legacies while they had worked in this archive.
Emigracja sezonowa do Niemiec z powiatu wieluńskiego w okresie międzywojennym (1918–1939)
Authors: Michalski Michał
Published: January 2022

Emigracja sezonowa do Niemiec była charakterystycznym zjawiskiem dla powiatu wieluńskiego od 1890 r., skąd corocznie przez cały okres międzywojenny mniejsza lub większa liczba mieszkańców wyjeżdżała (legalnie i nielegalnie) do pracy, kierując się głównie do rolnictwa. Stąd też pochodziła największa grupa w skali powiatowej w Polsce, sięgając rekordowej liczby około 48 tysięcy osób (1926), która wyjechała za Prosnę; przy czym najwięcej chętnych było w 1931 r., gdy taką deklarację złożyło aż 62 tysiące osób. Możliwość wyjazdów do pracy w największym stopniu zależała od polityki niemieckiej, która z wyjątkami (szczególnie wielki kryzys gospodarczy) z chęcią widziała polskich robotników przekraczających granicę w sposób legalny i nielegalny. Także strona niemiecka decydowała o ilości legalnie wyjeżdżających, która zawsze była mniejsza niż liczba chętnych. Ten pęd do pracy u zachodniego sąsiada wynikał z trudnej sytuacji gospodarczej w Polsce, a zwłaszcza w rolnictwie, przekładając się bezpośrednio na rolniczy powiat wieluński. Tym samym emigracja sezonowa była najszybszym i najskuteczniejszym sposobem zatrudnienia bezrobotnych i łagodzenia napięć społecznych na tym terenie.

Seasonal emigration from Wieluń County to Germany during the interwar period (1918–1939)

Seasonal emigration to Germany was a specific phenomenon taking place in Wieluń County since 1890. Every year in the interwar period, some inhabitants emigrated for work (legally or otherwise), most pursuing jobs in agriculture. It was also the county responsible for the greatest number of emigrants crossing the Prosna river in Poland. In 1926, 48,000 people temporarily moved to Germany, while the year 1931 saw a record number of seasonal emigrants — 62,000 people. The possibility of emigrating for work mostly depended on German policies, which — with certain exceptions, mainly during the great economic depression — strongly encouraged Polish workers to come there, whether they crossed the border legally or illegally. Germans also specified the number of people legally allowed in, which was always smaller than the actual numbers of those wishing to do so. The willingness to work abroad resulted from the difficult economic situation in Poland, especially in agriculture, withthe rural Wieluń County being one the most badly hit. Seasonal emigration was the quickest and the most efficient way of resolving the problem of unemployment and thus alleviating social tensions in the region.