bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optical design method of a three-mirror anastigmatic telescope with low misalignment sensitivity based on the nodal aberration theory
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Yingrui , Gu Zhiyuan , Fu Yuegang
Published: July 2022

We propose a design method for a three-mirror anastigmatic telescope with low misalignment sensitivity and deduce the analytic expression between the misalignment aberration and its optical parameters based on the nodal aberration theory. We establish an optical system as-built performance evaluation model. Using this model as the system’s as-built performance evaluation indicator, we can get an optical system that could have both low misalignment sensitivity and good image quality after optimization. The design results of a field bias three-mirror anastigmatic telescope show that the misalignment aberration of the system can be reduced by changing the spacing of the mirrors. When the spacing between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror increases and the spacing from the secondary mirror to the third mirror and the third mirror to the image plane decreases, the misalignment sensitivity will drop significantly. If the mirror spacing is changed by 10%, the misalignment sensitivity of the telescope optimized by our method is only about 85% of that of the traditional method.
Blue band nonlinear optics and photodarkening in silica microdevices
Authors: Tian Ke , Yu Jibo , Lei Fuchuan , Ward Jonathan , Li Angzhen , Wang Pengfei , Nic Chormaic Síle
Published: July 2022

There are extensive studies to date on optical nonlinearities in microcavities at the near and mid-IR wavelengths. Pushing this research into the visible region is equally valuable. Here, we demonstrate a directly pumped, blue band Kerr frequency comb and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) at 462 nm in a silica nanofiber-coupled whispering gallery microcavity system. Notably, due to the high optical intensities achieved, photodarkening is unavoidable and can quickly degrade the optical quality of both the coupling optical nanofiber and the microcavity, even at very low pump powers. Nonetheless, stable hyperparametric oscillation and SRS are demonstrated in the presence of photodarkening by taking advantage of in-situ thermal bleaching. This work highlights the challenges of silica-based, short wavelength nonlinear optics in high-quality, small mode volume devices and gives an effective method to overcome this apparent limitation, thus providing a baseline for optics research in the blue region for any optical devices fabricated from silica.
Cyberrisiken – Vom Begriffswirrwarr zu einem einheitlichen Begriffsverständnis
Authors: Zängerle Daniel , Schiereck Dirk
Published: July 2022

Vor dem Hintergrund einer hochdynamischen Entwicklung weltweiter Cybervorfälle und der stetig wachsenden Bedeutung der Cyberforschung untersucht dieser Beitrag anhand einer systematischen und strukturierten Inhaltsanalyse die in der Wissenschaft und praxisnahen Literatur postulierten Definitionsansätze des Terminus Cyberrisiko und leitet ein disziplinübergreifendes Begriffsmodell als Basis für die künftige Cyberforschung und das operationelle Risikomanagement ab. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es bislang keine einheitliche Begriffsdefinition für das Cyberrisiko gibt und die analysierten Definitionsansätze eine Vielzahl an unterschiedlichen Kernmerkmalen des Cyberrisikos zusammenfassen. Besonders häufig werden direkte und indirekte Auswirkungen, physische und digitale Risikoobjekte sowie beabsichtigte und sonstige Bedrohungen in den untersuchten Definitionen identifiziert, obgleich unbeabsichtigte Bedrohungen, insbesondere durch den Faktor Mensch als Einfallstor, nicht zu vernachlässigen sind. Das auf der Inhaltsanalyse basierende Begriffsmodell stellt eine umfassende Alternative zu den bisherigen, eher disziplinspezifischen Definitionsansätzen dar und trägt als elementarer Baustein in der Erarbeitung und dem aktuellen Diskurs über eine einheitliche Cyberterminologie bei.
Foreign-body aspiration into the lower airways in adults; multicenter study
Authors: Jang Gimun , Song Jae Woon , Kim Hyun Jung , Kim Eun Jin , Jang Jong Geol , Cha Seung-Ick
Published: July 2022

Background

Foreign-body aspiration is common in children aged 6 months to 3 years. However, with the aging population and increasing prevalence of disabilities such as hemiparesis and neuromuscular diseases in adults, an increased incidence of aspiration is expected.

Methods

This was a multicenter retrospective, observational study in four major referral hospitals in Daegu, South Korea, between 2000 and 2019. We included patients aged over 18 years who were evaluated for tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration by flexible bronchoscopy. Comorbidities, type and location of foreign body, and radiologic findings were recorded.

Results

Of 138 patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy for tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration, 91 (65.9%) were men; the mean age was 66.3 (range: 29–87) years. A history of definite choking was present in 60 (43.5%) patients. The most common site of the foreign body was the right bronchus intermedius (27.5%). The most common type of aspirated foreign body was teeth (37.7%), followed by chicken bone (15.2%), nuts (14.5%) and fish bone (9.4%). Iatrogenic events accounted for 37.0% of the cases of aspiration, and the foreign body was successfully removed by flexible bronchoscopy in 91.3% of cases.

Conclusion

Foreign-body aspiration is not rare, even in adults who do not have predisposing factors. Iatrogenic events accounted for about 40% of all cases of foreign body aspiration. In adults, flexible bronchoscopy is relatively safe and has a high success rate for foreign-body removal.
How ‘who someone is’ and ‘what they did’ influences gossiping about them
Authors: Lee Jeungmin , Kralik Jerald D. , Kwon Jaehyung , Jeong Jaeseung
Published: July 2022

To understand, predict, and help correct each other’s actions we need to maintain accurate, up-to-date knowledge of people, and communication is a critical means by which we gather and disseminate this information. Yet the conditions under which we communication social information remain unclear. Testing hypotheses generated from our theoretical framework, we examined when and why social information is disseminated about an absent third party: i.e., gossiped. Gossip scenarios presented to participants (e.g., “Person-X cheated on their exam”) were based on three key factors: (1) target (ingroup, outgroup, or celebrity), (2) valence (positive or negative), and (3) content. We then asked them (a) whether they would spread the information, and (b) to rate it according to subjective valence, ordinariness, interest level, and emotion. For ratings, the scenarios participants chose to gossip were considered to have higher valence (whether positive or negative), to be rarer, more interesting, and more emotionally evocative; thus showing that the paradigm was meaningful to subjects. Indeed, for target, valence, and content, a repeated-measures ANOVA found significant effects for each factor independently, as well as their interactions. The results supported our hypotheses: e.g., for target, more gossiping about celebrities and ingroup members (over strangers); for valence, more about negative events overall, and yet for ingroup members, more positive gossiping; for content, more about moral topics, with yet all domains of social content communicated depending on the situation—context matters, influencing needs. The findings suggest that social knowledge sharing (i.e., gossip) involves sophisticated calculations that require our highest sociocognitive abilities, and provide specific hypotheses for future examination of neural mechanisms.
Efficient and cost-effective non-invasive population monitoring as a method to assess the genetic diversity of the last remaining population of Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) in the Russia Far East
Authors: Cho Sujoo , Pandey Puneet , Hyun Jee Yun , Marchenkova Taisia , Vitkalova Anna , Petrov Timophey , Jeong Daecheol , Lee Jangmi , Kim Dong Youn , Li Ying , Darman Yury , Min Mi-Sook , Kim Kyung Seok , Bardyuk Victor , Lee Hang
Published: July 2022

Small populations of the endangered species are more vulnerable to extinction and hence require periodic genetic monitoring to establish and revisit the conservation strategies. The Amur leopard is critically endangered with about 100 individuals in the wild. In this study, we developed a simple and cost-effective noninvasive genetic monitoring protocol for Amur leopards. Also, we investigated the impact of fecal sample’s age, storage, and collection season on microsatellite genotyping success and data quality. We identified 89 leopard scats out of the 342 fecal samples collected from Land of the Leopard between 2014–2019. Microsatellite genotyping using 12 markers optimized in 3 multiplex PCR reactions reveals presence of at least 24 leopard individuals (18 males and 6 females). There was a significant difference in the success rate of genotyping depending on the time from feces deposition to collection (p= 0.014, Fisher’s exact test), with better genotyping success for samples having <2 weeks of environmental exposure. Amur leopard genetic diversity was found low (Ho− 0.33, HE− 0.35, and NA− 2.57) with no visible population substructure and recent bottleneck signature. Although a historical bottleneck footprint was observed. Mitochondrial DNA diversity was also found low with two haplotypes differing by a point mutation reported in 1,769 bp of investigated sequence covering parts of cytochromebgene (846 bp),NADH-5gene (611 bp) and control region (312 bp). We recommend periodic genetic monitoring of wild Amur leopards following the proposed methodology to achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency.
Daily physical activity is negatively associated with thyroid hormone levels, inflammation, and immune system markers among men and women in the NHANES dataset
Authors: Klasson Christopher L. , Sadhir Srishti , Pontzer Herman
Published: July 2022

The acute effects of exercise on metabolic energy expenditure and inflammation are well studied, but the long-term effects of regular daily physical activity on metabolic and endocrine effects are less clear. Further, prior studies investigating the impact of daily physical activity in large cohorts have generally relied on self-reported activity. Here, we used the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to investigate the relationship between daily physical activity and both thyroid and immune activity. Daily physical activity was assessed through accelerometry or accelerometry-validated survey responses. Thyroid activity was assessed from circulating levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4). Immune function was assessed from circulating cytokines (C-reactive protein [CRP], immunoglobulin E [IgE], fibrinogen) and blood cell counts. In general linear models including body mass index, age, gender, activity and TSH as factors, active adults had a lower levels of T4 and reduced slope of the TSH:T4 relationship. Similarly, greater physical activity was associated with lower CRP and fibrinogen levels (but not IgE) and lower white blood cell, basophil, monocyte, neutrophil, and eosinophil (but not lymphocyte) counts. Daily physical activity was also associated with lower prevalence of clinically elevated CRP, WBC, and lymphocytes in a dose-response manner. These results underscore the long-term impact of daily physical activity on both systemic metabolic activity (thyroid) and on specific physiological tasks (immune). The regulatory effects of physical activity on other bodily systems are clinically relevant and should be incorporated into public health strategies promoting exercise.
The Theory of Mind Performance in School-Age children with Down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Shojaeian Nazila
Published: July 2022

Theory of Mind (ToM) is ability in children and adolescents plays a key role to achieve the cognitive development, emotional and social cognition, which can enhance their communication ability. The study reported herein explored the comprehension of the ToM in Down syndrome (DS), Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), and typically development children (TD) during middle childhood and examined the role of IQ in the Theory of Mind. The participants were 74 Iranian school-aged between 6 and 12 years who participated in three groups: 24 ASD, 24 DS, and 26 TD. Children were compared to ToM tasks and first-, second-and third-order ToM tasks. Participants’ IQs were measured using the Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPMs). We used SPSS 25 for analysis of variance (ANOVA), and correlation coefficient to assess the differences between the groups on ToM tasks. The level of significance was set at .05. These results show consistency with previous literature. TD group performed better than both clinical groups in all orders. ASD was competent to pass the first-order ToM tasks better than DS (p< .001). These findings suggest that second-order did not show statistically significant in clinical groups. It also finds statistically significant between the TD group than both other groups (F= 55.13, p< .001). For the third-order, children with DS did not perform statistically significant different (F= 4.99, p = 0.010) than children with ASD, and nor we found between ASD and TD groups. The IQ was significantly correlated with orders of false belief understanding. The significant consideration is required in further studies with more wide samples in other groups of neurodevelopment disorders.
The Relationship between Empathy and Altruism in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Shahrooz Nemati , Shojaeian Nazila , Lynn Richard , Hosseinkhanzadeh Abbas Ali , Katurani Araam , Khiabani Isan
Published: July 2022

The objective of the current research study was to investigate the relationship between empathy and self-compassion and altruism in mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and intellectual and developmental disabilities. Method: by convenience sampling, 161 participants were selected. The short form self-compassion, empathy and altruism inventories were implemented. Results: The Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis revealed that there was a direct relationship between empath, self-compassion and altruism. Conclusion: Empathy is a complex capability which enables individuals to understand the emotional states of others, and results in compassionate behaviour. Empathy requires cognitive, emotional, behavioural, and moral capacities to understand and respond to others' suffering. Compassion is a proper response to the perception of others’ suffering. In addition, compassion cannot exist without empathy; they are part of the same perception and response continuum which moves human beings from observation to action. It seems that maternal care, together with the hope that a child with intellectual and developmental disabilities lives independently, provides the necessary grounds for empathy, self-compassion and altruism.
Análisis bibliométrico y temático sobre el Trastorno del Espectro Autista y el acoso escolar
Authors: De la Rasilla Ramírez Alicia
Published: July 2022

El acoso escolar en alumnado diagnosticado con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es uno de los temas más recurrentes en el mundo de la educación debido al impacto negativo que tiene el acoso escolar en las vidas de este tipo de alumnado. Este suceso no solo afecta al propio estudiante a nivel académico, sino también a nivel personal, y se extiende también a las personas que le rodean. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la literatura científica sobre el acoso escolar en alumnado con TEA publicada en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus entre los años 2016 y 2020. Después del proceso de depuración de documentos se obtuvieron 133 documentos entre ambas bases de datos, los cuales fueron analizados con distintos indicadores bibliométricos como la producción temporal, la producción de revistas, la producción por autor, la categoría temática, la producción según el país, el tipo de documento y el número de citas. Finalmente, y después de poder haber corroborado las tres hipótesis planteadas, se concluye que es un tema muy citado e investigado por numerosos autores, y que su investigación aumenta con el paso de los años. Además, la mayoría de publicaciones están realizadas en inglés y publicadas desde Estados Unidos o Reino Unido, dada la importancia que tiene la lengua inglesa como Lingua Franca. Dos de las revistas que más publicaron sobre este tema fueron Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders and Autism, prestigiosas revistas que publican sobre el TEA y que tienen un factor de impacto en los últimos cinco años de 5.671 y 5.689, respectivamente. Por último, se discuten las temáticas identificadas, las limitaciones encontradas y otras conclusiones.
El perfeccionismo en Educación Primaria y Secundaria: Análisis bibliométrico y temático
Authors: Pamies Avendaño Nerea
Published: July 2022

En el presente trabajo se pretende analizar el perfeccionismo como rasgo característico del alumnado de Educación Primaria y Secundaria. El alumnado que presenta rasgos de perfeccionismo auto-orientado, se caracteriza por establecer unos estándares muy elevados en el rendimiento académico, por realizar esfuerzos impecables y por establecer una autoevaluación crítica. Por otro lado, el alumnado con perfeccionismo socialmente prescrito, se caracteriza por las creencias que tiene el sujeto sobre las demandas de las personas significantes de su entorno, siendo estas reales o no. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la producción científica sobre el perfeccionismo en el alumnado de Educación Primaria y Secundaria, publicada en la base de datos Web of Science entre 2017 y 2020. Tras el análisis de todos los escritos, se obtuvieron un total de 227 artículos, los cuales fueron analizados a través de diversos indicadores bibliométricos. Se observó como en relación a diversas categorías temáticas, como, por ejemplo, la familia, los cambios emocionales o el rendimiento académico, la más repetida en los trabajos analizados era la de Psicopatologías asociadas, relacionada con los trastornos alimenticios, la ansiedad o la depresión. Además, los resultados evidencian que la mayoría de los trabajos se centran en el alumnado de Educación Secundaria, y, por lo tanto, de mayor edad, dejando en un segundo plano la Educación Primaria. Las conclusiones de la investigación dejan ver que la franja de edad de los 6 a los 12 años, aún no ha sido investigada. Finalmente, se discuten y se concluyen diferentes aspectos del tema en relación a las hipótesis planteadas al principio del trabajo, se presentan las limitaciones encontradas a lo largo del estudio, y se hace referencia a las conclusiones. Como posibles futuras líneas de investigación, se propone analizar el perfeccionismo en relación a diversos factores como el género o al ámbito sociocultural del alumnado.
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 is associated with poor prognosis after curative resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage III colon cancer
Authors: Song Ji Hyeong , Lee Myung Sun , Cha Eun Young , Lee Kyung Ha , Kim Ji Yeon , Kim Jin Soo
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a key enzyme involved in the base excision repair pathway. It also has redox activity and maintains various transcription factors in an active reduced state. APE1 may be associated with chemoresistance. In the present study, we first investigated the expression level of APE1 protein and its correlation with oncologic outcomes of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with stage III colon cancer. Further, we investigated the effects of human APE1 siRNA on the sensitivity of oxaliplatin in SNU-C2A colon cancer cells.Methods: Tissue specimens from tumor and normal colon of 33 patients with stage III colon cancer were obtained from 2006 to 2009. The patients received at least eight cycles of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. APE1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting using a cultured SNU-C2A cell line. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 and caspase-3 cleavage using Western blotting.Results: All the colon cancer tissues showed APE1 staining in the nucleus, whereas all the normal colon tissues were negative for APE1 staining in the cytoplasm. The group with a higher expression of APE1 demonstrated poorer prognosis than the group with low expression (P=0.026 for overall survival and P=0.021 for disease-free survival). Treatment with oxaliplatin resulted in a dose-dependent increase in APE1 expression in SNU-C2A cells. APE1 siRNA significantly enhanced oxaliplatin-induced growth inhibition, and also increased oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in SNU-C2A cells.Conclusion: APE1 could be considered a prognostic factor in colon cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.
Excess load on ships and its effects on stability performance in Nigerian waterways
Authors: Adepoju Olusegun Onifade , Bello Kingdom
Published: July 2022

This research has been carried out to examine the impact of excess shipload on ship performance and stability. The objectives are to analyse the trend of sinking ships in Nigeria occasioned to ship excess load. Secondly, to examine the relationship between load size and ship stability and identify the various factors responsible for ship instability. Data were gathered from operators in the maritime industry using structured questionnaires and interviews as data collection instruments. Four significant stakeholders that can provide information based on their involvement across three strata of management, operation and general cadre were sampled. Pearson Moment Correlation technique has been used to examine the relationship between load size and ship stability, and Analysis of Variance-one was used to identify the various factors responsible for ship instability. The Pearson Moment Correlation technique analysis shows a significant relationship between load size and stability. The analysis of variance revealed that "hogging and sagging" is the most crucial factor among the factors identified for ship instability. It has the highest value of F-ratio of 17.837 with a significance at p<0.05. The research concluded that resultant accidents from the instability of vessels are caused majorly by hogging and sagging of vessels, and notably, the occurrence is much in riverine areas in Nigeria. Loading the vessel has a relationship with the vessel's stability, as depicted from the analysis in this research. Recommendations on how to enhance stability through boat construction, shipbuilding, loading and passenger's use of life jackets, among others were made.
Networks for Science-Informed Innovation in the Arctic: Insights on the Structure and Evolution of a Canadian Research Network
Authors: Pigford Ashlee-Ann E. , Hickey Gordon M. , Klerkx Laurens
Published: July 2022

In remote peripheral regions like the Arctic, research networks have been identified as an important mechanism for nurturing science-informed innovation. Given that relatively little is known about the network structures that support Arctic innovation processes, we employ social network analysis techniques to examine the structural organization and evolution of ArcticNet, a large Canadian Arctic scientific research network over a 13-year period (2004 – 17). ArcticNet funded 152 multidisciplinary research teams, connecting multiple types of science-based innovation actors, not including students (301 organizations and 1659 individuals). The research network grew without reaching saturation (increasing size, decreasing density), suggesting that ArcticNet was successful in recruiting new actors over the 13-year period. ArcticNet was centralized around non-local, public-sector actors (mainly Canadian academics). The emergence of collaborations across several boundaries (sectoral, geographic, thematic) suggests that non-local Canadian academic actors played an important boundary-spanning role, particularly in the early stages of the network. Participation by local northern actors doubled from Phase 1 to Phase 4, and with time, local northern actors had an increasing propensity for carrying out boundary-spanning roles and addressing structural holes. This study presents new insights into the networked nature of Arctic scientific research with potential implications for future research and innovation policy.
Food Storage in Permafrost and Seasonally Frozen Ground in Chukotka and Alaska Communities
Authors: Yoshikawa Kenji , Maslakov Alexey A. , Kraev Gleb , Ikuta Hiroko , Romanovsky Vladimir E. , George J. Craig , Klene Anna E. , Nyland Kelsey E.
Published: July 2022

Food cellars, otherwise referred to as ice or meat cellars, (lednik in Russian, k’aetyran in Chukchi, siġļuaq in Iñupiaq, and siqlugaq in Yupik) are a natural form of refrigeration in permafrost or seasonally frozen ground used to preserve, age, and ferment foods harvested for subsistence, including marine mammals, birds, fish, and plants. Indigenous peoples throughout the Arctic have constructed cellars in frozen ground for millennia. This paper focuses on cellars in Russian and American coastal and island communities of the Bering Strait, the region otherwise known as Beringia. This area has a unique, culturally rich, and politically dynamic history. Many traditions associated with cellars are threatened in Chukchi communities in Russia because of the impacts of climate change, relocation, dietary changes, and industrial development. However, even with warmer temperatures, cellars still provide a means to age and ferment food stuffs following traditional methods. In cooperation with local stakeholders, we measured internal temperatures of 18 cellars in 13 communities throughout the Bering Strait region and northern Alaska. Though cellars are widely used in permafrost regions, their structure, usage, and maintenance methods differ and exhibit influences of local climates, traditions, and economic activities. Monitoring internal temperatures and recording structural descriptions of cellars is important in the face of climate change to better understand the variety and resilience of living adaptations in different cold regions.
Yellowknives Dene and Gwich’in Stellar Wayfinding in Large-Scale Subarctic Landscapes
Authors: Cannon Chris M. , Herbert Paul , Sangris Fred
Published: July 2022

Indigenous systems of stellar wayfinding are rarely described or robustly attested outside of maritime contexts, with few examples reported among peoples of the high Arctic and some desert regions. However, like other large-scale environments that exhibit a low legibility of landmarks, the barrenlands of the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Flats of Alaska generally lack views of prominent or distinguishing topography for using classic route-based navigation. When travelling off trails and waterways in these respective inland subarctic environments, the Yellowknives Dene and the Alaskan Gwich’in utilize drastically different stellar wayfinding approaches from one another while essentially sharing the same view of the sky. However, in both systems the use of celestial schemata is suspended in favor of route-based navigation when the traveller intersects a familiar geographical feature or trail near their target destination, suggesting strong preference for orienting by landmarks when available. A comparison of both wayfinding systems suggests that large-scale environments that lack a readily discernible ground pattern may be more conducive to the development and implementation of a celestial wayfinding schema when combined with other influential factors such as culture, individual experience, and travel behavior. These are likely the first stellar wayfinding systems described in detail for any inland subarctic culture.
I’ve Got You Covered: Adventures in Social Justice-Informed Co-Teaching
Authors: Cobb Cam , Sharma Manu
Published: July 2022

What is social justice-informed co-teaching? Why is it important? How can it enrich social justice pedagogy? While the answers to these questions may vary depending on context and perspective, they are nevertheless useful to address. Each of these questions will be discussed in this research paper. This auto-ethnographic narrative inquiry adds to the literature on social justice-informed co-teaching in an innovative way. It critically examines the purposeful endeavor of two professors who used social justice thinking to guide their co-teaching practice, and simultaneously used co-teaching to enrich their social justice pedagogy. At once, this paper is a lived experience, a story, and a research study. In deconstructing two narratives, the authors articulate specific ways in which co-teaching, as a practice, presents unique opportunities for social justice learning. Implications for research and practice in teacher education programs, teaching practices and field- experiences, and co-teachers themselves are shared in the closing segment of the paper.
Felippa Cardosa y el Sefer Toledot Yeshu: agencia femenina, prácticas judaizantes y polémica anticristiana en un proceso ante la Inquisición de Lima (1588-1603)
Authors: Chuecas Saldías Ignacio Javier
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo se enmarca en el contexto del creciente interés, al interior de los estudios inquisitoriales, por el tema de las agencias femeninas entre los círculos judaizantes. En efecto, un gran número de mujeres procesadas en las diversas jurisdicciones del Santo Oficio lo fue por el delito de judaísmo. Al mismo tiempo, la gran cantidad de información sobre estas actrices, con- servada en las actas de los procesos, permite entrar en un complejo mundo de prácticas y saberes donde ellas fueron protagonistas y promotoras. El carácter global de esta información, origina- do en el fenómeno de la migración planetaria de los sujetos sindicados como cristianos nuevos, permite llevar a cabo hallazgos sorprendentes. Este es el caso del presente estudio, centrado en el análisis de las agencias desplegadas por Felippa Cardosa con el fin de convertir a uno de sus hermanos a la ley de Moisés. En este cometido, a modo de argumento irrefutable, Felippa echará mano a una tradición textual de larga data entre las comunidades judías de oriente y occidente. Se trata de relatos de virulenta connotación anticristiana, originados en una praxis apologética ancestral en contra de los principios que identificaban al cristianismo prácticamente desde el momento mismo de su escisión de la original raíz judaica.
La Inquisición mexicana del siglo XVIII ante el delito de brujería. El fiscal Antonio de Bergosa y las brujas de San Francisco de los Pozos, Michoacán
Authors: López-Ridaura Cecilia
Published: July 2022

La Inquisición novohispana, heredera de la española, tenía entre sus actividades la persecución de la brujería, por su carácter herético y supersticioso; sin embargo, a lo largo de sus tres siglos de funcionamiento son pocos los procesos llevados hasta la sentencia que se registran en la documentación inquisitorial. En este trabajo se mostrará un ejemplo de los “destellos de sano escepticismo y un honesto deseo de llegar a la verdad” que Henry Charles Lea (2020) ya detectaba en las autoridades de la Inquisición española del siglo XVI.
Práticas de feitiçaria no Brasil Estudo de caso de duas feiticeiras acusadas no Grão-Pará no Século XVIII
Authors: Cruz de Araújo Gilmara
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem objetivo de esmiuçar e refletir sobre as Práticas Rituais de duas mulheres acusadas de feitiçaria na região do Grão-Pará setecentista. Visa a uma análise mais aprofundada sobre as práticas mágicas de cura – consideradas pela Inquisição como feitiçaria – e a formação de uma cul-tura muitas vezes negada e demonizada pela visão europeia. As mulheres consideradas feiticeiras foram alvos de perseguições e personagens ativas na História do Grão-Pará (Brasil) no Período Co-lonial, o que contribuiu para a formação de uma nova identidade (múltipla) cultural na colônia. Para tal, a análise será realizada através dos documentos inquisitoriais sobre Ludovina Ferreira e da índia Sabina. Esses documentos são relativos à Visitação do Santo Ofício da Inquisição ao local entre os anos 1763-1769, e estão sob a guarda do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo (ANTT), em Lisboa (Portugal), mas foram digitalizados e estão disponíveis no site da Instituição. A análise toma fôlego através do conceito de Cosmohistória, desenvolvido pelo historiador mexicano Nava-rrete Linares, que visa reconhecer a existência de diversas historicidades multipolares e interco-nectadas. Para a análise da documentação utilizaremos o método Paradigma Indiciário do histo-riador italiano Carlos Ginzburg, que é uma categoria de investigação mais minuciosa, baseada em detalhes e indícios. E, por fim, utilizaremos o método comparativo para traçar aproximações e distanciamentos entre os casos.
Regionalization of the Digital Economic Space: Contours of Emerging Approaches
Authors:   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Blanutsa Viktor
Published: July 2022

An inhomogeneous economic space, representing a multitude of interactions between geographically distributed economic agents, can be differentiated into a number of districts. The experience of economic regionalization has approximately 260 years. However, this experience is poorly used in the transition to the digital economy and the analysis of the digital economic space formed as a result of the digital interaction of economic agents. There is no generalization of research on the differentiation of such a space in world science. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to generalize the world experience of regionalization of the digital economic space in order to identify emerging approaches and clarify existing problems and possible prospects. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: to identify the world array of publications on the subject under consideration; to conduct a comparative analysis of the identified publications with their subsequent grouping into approaches; to assess the possibilities and limitations of each approach; to outline the prospects for further research. About forty journal articles on the regionalization of the digital economic space have been identified in eight bibliographic databases using the author’s semantic search algorithm. A comparative analysis of these articles led to the conclusion that all of them are grouped into six approaches according to the method of allocation of districts: autocorrelation, cluster, comparative geographical, streaming, agglomeration and platform. The ideas underlying each approach are presented, as well as the main advantages and disadvantages. Prospects for further research may be related to the solution of the identified problems. As a result of comparing the array of articles with the experience of economic regionalization, five promising areas have been identified that go beyond the existing approaches
A Theoretical Model for Evaluation of the Effect of a Large-Scale Infrastructure Project on Regional Economic Dynamics
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Isaev Artyom , Shitova Irina ,   Pacific National University,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: July 2022

The well-known fact of the presence of infrastructure shortage in the regions of the Russian Far East attracts attention to this problem. The implementation of major investment projects is aimed at eliminating this shortage to accelerate the economic growth of the Far Eastern regions. The purpose of this article is to explore the features of the regional infrastructure and to build an analytical model that takes these features into account to assess the effects on the economy under investigation. The object of the study is an infrastructure project for the modernization of the eastern railway site in the Khabarovsk Territory, which is being implemented to eliminate the carrying capacity shortage of the Komsomolsk-Vanino railway section by 2024 in the light of the dominant coal transit towards the port of Vanino. An increase in the capacity utilization of stevedoring companies in the port of Vanino, which is directly related to the results of the railway project, is also being considered. The article presents a tool for assessing the effects on the regional economy – a regional dynamic computable general equilibrium model. Financial flows between agents of the regional economy are modeled using the matrix of social accounts for the Khabarovsk Territory. One of the key features of the proposed model is the way of embedding the indicator of efficient railway infrastructure into the regional production function. In contrast to the traditional treatment of infrastructure capital in production functions as an unpaid factor of production along with traditional labor and private capital, the railway infrastructure acts as a factor that ‘suffocates’ the marginal productivity of private factors of production. The proposed model is supposed to be used to assess the effects of easing infrastructure shortage on the region’s economic indicators, in particular, on the welfare of the region’s population
Economic Situation in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2021
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Prokapalo Olga , Bardal Anna ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Mazitova Marina ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Suslov Denis ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: July 2022

In this paper we analyze the socio-economic situation in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2021. We consider the main types of economic activity and territorial-administrative regions and base our analysis on operational statistical, analytical, and expert information. We take up the problems of functioning of the branches of the real sector of the economy, the social sphere, and foreign economic activity under the influence of the mitigation of restrictive measures of functioning in the conditions of the ongoing crisis caused by the pandemic. We note an increase in investment activity above the level of the pre-pandemic period of 2018–2019 as projects in the field of mining, transport, logistics, and gas-chemical projects had a positive impact on the increase in investment resources. Against the background of the positive dynamics of the production activity of regional industrial enterprises, a slowdown in the intensity of recovery relative to national parameters was noted. The manufacturing industry of the macroregion has demonstrated significant growth rates, but multidirectional production trends persisted in the two largest Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation (from the point of view of the extractive industry) – the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (growth), and the Sakhalin Region (decline). Positive aspects (weak growth) were recorded in overcoming the real incomes crisis. The real income is still, however, below the pre-pandemic level of 2019. The growth of monetary incomes of the population in real terms was observed in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Primorsky Krai and Kamchatsky Krai, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Amur Oblast, and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. At the same time, only in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug the growth rate of real incomes of the population exceeded the average Russian level. The process of population decline continues due to a decrease in the birth rate and an increased number of deaths, which was noted back in 2020; positive factors include an increase in the population due to migration growth in the five Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation
International Cooperation in the Arctic: New Challenges, Threats and Risks
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Krasnopolski Boris
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the problems of international cooperation in the Arctic that arose after February 2022. In the conditions of sanctions restrictions, many Arctic countries block cooperation with Russia, which is reflected in the work of international conferences, the implementation of projects launched, the functioning of the Arctic Council. In the scientific and business spheres, two diametrical views are formed regarding the role of Russia in the development of the Arctic in the context of current events. Nevertheless, it is obvious to many that without Russia’s participation it is impossible to implement projects in the field of energy security, climate change, and health preservation. Currently, which coincides with Russia’s chairmanship in the Arctic Council, Russia’s attention is focused on the development of the internal Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and the planned activities are carried out without the participation of the Western countries
Developing the Index of Governance as a Guide in Reducing Poverty and Inequality for the Achievement of Sustainable Development in the Respective County Governments in Kenya
Authors: Oribu William Sagini
Published: July 2022

Governance encompasses all aspects through which power is exercised through the formal and informal institutions in the management of the available resources in a community. In order to determine the quality of governance there is need to look at the impact that the exercise of power will have on the quality of life that citizens enjoy.  In pursued of good governance, supervisory bodies must assess whether the policies and institutions put in place by the state are appropriate in impacting on the sustainable development of the citizens. Although there has not been a quantifiable definition of what good governance, debates on the appropriate role of the state together with appropriate policies and institutions are carried out by relying on information that is not based on facts or careful study. The purpose of this conceptual paper is therefore to look at the available literature on quality governance in conjunction with the legal and institutional frameworks in Kenya to determine what may need to be done to improve public service delivery. The identified key observable aspects of the governance dimensions will then be recommended for consideration in order to provide an enabling environment for the achievement of community sustainability. Further this paper suggests the types of research that will need to be conducted in order to obtain data for use in constructing the index of governance quality for specific county governments in Kenya.
Evaluation on Growth and Yield Attributes of Ten Winged Bean Accessions in the Guinea Savannah Zone of North Central Nigeria
Authors: Tswanya M. N.
Published: July 2022

Field experiment was conducted at the Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre Farm, Garki-Abuja during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to evaluate ten accessions of winged bean. The experiment was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times, respectively. Data collected on growth and yield parameters were number of leaves per plant, vine length per plant, number of flowers per plant, pod length per plant, number of seeds per plot, seed weight per plot and seed yield. These were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results obtained revealed that the growth parameters of the plants increased as the plant aged. The highest vine length was obtained from TPT 9 (102.77 cm) accession and least mean values were observed from TPT 30, TPT 33 and TPT 3 in ascending order (80.57cm, 81.43 cm and 81.73 cm). There was significant (p≤ 0.05) difference in seed yield among the accessions with the highest yield obtained from TPT 48 (4.54 t/ha) while the least mean value was gotten from TPT 19 (2.59 t/ha). From this study, it could be deduced that for optimum yield performance TPT 48 thrived better than other accessions and can therefore be adopted by farmers in this ecological zone.
Remote Learning for Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment in the New Landscape of COVID-19 Restrictions
Authors: TSIPTSIOS Dimitrios
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious decline of dementia. Research interest focuses on the protection of this transition, through a combination of therapeutic interventions. Μaterials and Methods: 45 individuals with MCI who were followed up by the interdisciplinary team of our Memory School attended an online remote educational program that consisted of a series of cognitive and occupational therapy interventions designed to maintain their cognitive, executive, motor and emotional skills during the COVID-19 period. At baseline and at twelve-month follow-up all patients underwent several  neuropsychological tests that included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Functional Cognitive Assessment Scale (FUCAS), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Functional Rating Scale of Symptoms of Dementia (FRRSD). Also, the Barthel Index scale and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were utilized to assess functionality and mobility, respectively.  Results: Within twelve months participants’ performance did not change significantly (MoCA; p=0.908, MMSE; p=0.625, FUCAS; p=0.782; GDS; p=0.218, FRSSD; p=0.18, Barthel Index; p=0.317, TUG; p=0.68). Results confirmed the hypothesis that cognitive, executive, motor and behavioral skills can be maintained through an online educational protocol during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Conclusions: It is proposed that similar educational protocols should be included in the design of strategic directions in the field of healthcare in MCI and dementia, especially in health crisis situations.
The Representation of Society Criticism on Meme (Semiotic Analysis of Charles Sanders Pierce on Politician Billboard Memes)
Authors: Pratama Effendi Ariel
Published: July 2022

This research aims to discover the meaning of three previously selected memes that highlight the practice of placing billboards for Indonesian politicians outside of the 2024 presidential election campaign using semiotic analysis from Charles Sanders Pierce with a descriptive qualitative approach. The three memes that are the subject of this research are three memes that have a high virality value and are included in Twitter's Trending Topics. The findings of this research show that the three memes have a negative attitude against the action of placing political billboards. These negative viewpoints are summed up in four key points that emerge from the three memes, namely (1) Criticism of installing billboards for politicians that are excessive in number and placement, (2) Criticism of the unimportance of installing billboards by politicians compared to other issues that are also being viral in the world. Twitter, (3) Criticism of the lack of empathy of politicians towards people who are experiencing economic difficulties in the midst of the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic and (4) Criticism of politicians who only want to advertise themselves. In addition, the use of signs in the memes studied uses general signs that are close to the Indonesian people as well as things that are going viral close to the viral billboard phenomenon, such as The Beatles Album Cover, Tinder Dating App Logo, footballer Lionel Messi.