bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basic Research on Rockburst Control Technology for Deep Well Filling of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Zhou Chao , Zhu Sitao , Li Jiajie , Jiang Fuxing , Gao Yongtao , Qu Xiaocheng , Ji Maowei , Wei Quande
Published: November 2022

Given the scarcity of raw materials for rockburst prevention in filling mining and the lack of space for disposal of large amount of municipal waste, the feasibility of preparing filling materials for rockburst mines from stale waste was investigated by laboratory tests and theoretical analysis. On this basis, the process of preparing filling materials from stale garbage was proposed, and corresponding equipment were developed to prepare stale garbage filling mass. According to the characteristics and uses of the stale waste filling materials, two processes of volume filling and strength filling are proposed, and the key technology of stale garbage filling to control rockburst was designed. The following conclusions were drawn: stale garbage can be made into mine filling material because of its composition, strength, and shape. The process of preparing mine filling materials from obsolete waste includes crushing, screening, compression, and packaging. The equipment suitable for the process includes crushing-screening, compression-forming, and sealing-packaging integrated equipment. The equipment has realized effective screening, compression, and bulk packaging of stale garbage, so that the stale garbage filling mass can meet the requirements of environmental protection and strength. Strength filling is a filling method that uses the strength of stale garbage filling mass to protect the overlying strata from or less damage, thereby reducing the stress concentration in the coal face and reducing the risk of rockburst occurring. Volume filling mainly depends on the volume of the filling mass, with the main purpose of reducing the stress concentration in the roadway surrounding rock. The rockburst mine filling technology of stale garbage is support track filling technology and bag filling technology, and the deep well sealing of stale garbage is block stacking technology. The deep well filling mining key technologies provide a new approach to against rockburst and treat large amounts of municipal waste.
Seroprevalence of four endemic human coronaviruses antibodies among Filipino children and their cross-reactivity and neutralization capacity against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Sayama Yusuke , Okamoto Michiko , Saito Mayuko , Saito-Obata Mariko , Tamaki Raita , Joboco Christine Dahlia , Lupisan Socorro , Oshitani Hitoshi
Published: November 2022

Four endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV), HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoVHKU1, and HCoV-OC43, are closely related to SARS-CoV-2. These coronaviruses are known to infect humans living in temperate areas, including children under 5 years old; however, the seroprevalence of anti-HCoV antibodies among children in tropical areas, including the Philippines, remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of antibodies against endemic HCoVs among Philippine children and to determine the cross-reactivity and neutralization of these antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. A total of 315 serum samples collected from 2015 to 2018 in Biliran island, Philippines, were tested for the presence of antibodies against four HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 using recombinant spike proteins. Cross-reactivity to and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 were also investigated. The seroprevalence of the four HCoVs was 63.8% for HCoV-229E, 71.4% for HCoV-NL63, 76.5% for HCoV-HKU1, and 83.5% for HCoV-OC43. Age group analysis indicated that seropositivity to all HCoVs reached 80% by 2–3 years of age. While 69/315 (21.9%) of the samples showed crossreactivity to SARS-CoV-2, almost no neutralization against SARSCoV-2 was detected. The high anti-HCoVs antibody levels at an early age suggest that there is earlier and higher prevalence of HCoV infections in the Philippines. Cross-reactive samples against SARS-CoV-2 indicated low neutralization capability.
Indole-carbohydrazide linked phenoxy-1,2,3-triazole-N-phenylacetamide derivatives as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition, and computational studies
Authors: Emadi Mehdi , Mosavizadeh-Marvest Fahimeh , Asadipour Ali , Pourshojaei Yaghoub , Hosseini Samanesadat , Mojtabavi Somayeh , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Larijani Bagher , Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani Maryam , Mahdavi Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Background
A new series of indole-carbohydrazide-phenoxy-1,2,3-triazole-N-phenylacetamide hybrids 11a-o was designed based on molecular hybridization of the active pharmacophores of the potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. These compounds were synthesized and evaluated against α-glucosidase.
Methods
The fifteen various derivatives of indole-carbohydrazide-phenoxy-1,2,3-triazole-N-phenylacetamide scaffold were synthesized, purified, and fully characterized. These derivatives were evaluated against yeast α-glucosidase in vitro and in silico. ADMET properties of the most potent compounds were also predicted.
Results
All new derivatives 11a-o (IC50 values = 6.31 ± 0.03–49.89 ± 0.09 µM) are excellent α-glucosidase inhibitors in comparison to acarbose (IC50 value = 750.0 ± 10.0 µM) that was used as a positive control. Representatively, (E)-2-(4-((4-((2-(1H-indole-2-carbonyl)hydrazono)methyl) phenoxy)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetamide 11d with IC50 = 6.31 µM against MCF-7 cells, was 118.8-times more potent than acarbose. This compound is an uncompetitive inhibitor against α-glucosidase and showed the lowest binding energy at the active site of this enzyme in comparison to other potent compounds. Furthermore, computational calculations predicted that compound 11d can be an orally active compound.
Conclusion
According to obtained data, compound 11d can be a valuable lead compound for further structural development and assessments to obtain effective and potent new α-glucosidase inhibitors.
Healthcare Attention among Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Sivasubramanian Barath Prashanth , Ruquaya A. K. Samina , Ravikumar Diviya Bharathi , Palit Sandhya Rupa , Gani A. R. Parveen , Krishnaswamy Vanitha
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Diabetes initially causes generalized or nonspecific symptoms which are often not given importance. Patients require healthcare attention to reduce the comorbidities that can develop. Since diabetes is prevalent in India, there is a National Programme for Diabetes that provides free diagnostics, drugs, and health promotion through behavior change but patients still develop complications. Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess participants’ awareness of the diabetic diet, foot care, regular eye checkup, and complications of diabetes, as well as adherence to a diabetic diet, physical exercises, drug therapy, and timely follow-ups. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 156 Diabetic individuals who had at least three previous visits to the Non-Communicable Disease clinic. Seriously ill patients were excluded. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used. The data collected was documented in MS Excel and analyzed using relevant statistical tests in EPI INFO v7.2.5 Results: Of the 156 participants, the mean age was 57.1 years and 48.7% had Diabetes for > 5 years. 85.9% of participants had low awareness of self-care and complications. 49.4% of the participants had lightheadedness as their initial reason that lead to the investigation of diabetes and 14.1% were diagnosed during regular check-ups. 39.1% of participants did regular physical exercises, and 32.7% followed the diabetic diet. 45.5% and 73.1% of the participants were overweight and had hypertension, respectively. 36.5% missed one or two doses of medication and 19.2% had changed medication dosage on their own. 78.9% made their preceding visits on the recommended dates. Conclusion: Most participants’ adherence to drug therapy and timely follow-up is high. But the participants’ had low awareness of self-care and complications, as well as low adherence to diet and exercise. This highlights the need to improve healthcare attention among diabetics.
Real-world assessment of drug related problems by medication reviews at the emergency department in older patients living with frailty
Authors: Nuland Merel van , Butterhoff Madelon , Verwijmeren Karin , Berger Florine , Hogervorst Vera M. , de Jonghe Annemarieke , Linden Paul van der
Published: November 2022

Background
Older patients are at risk of drug related problems (DRPs), potentially leading to emergency department (ED) visits. Identifying DRPs with medication reviews is typically evaluated in restrictive clinical studies and not in a ‘real-world’ setting with organizational challenges and time-pressure. This study aims to assess the number of DRPs at the ED in older patients living with frailty, and to determine the acceptance rate of medication recommendations among physicians and the general practitioner. Additionally, practical recommendations are provided for implementing a medication review program.
Methods
A retrospective observational study was performed in patients ≥ 70 years living with frailty who visited the ED at Tergooi Medical Center. Medication reviews were conducted to identify and classify DRPs as part of a larger geriatric assessment. Also, the acceptance rate of given recommendations was assessed.
Results
A total of 356 ED visits were included. The mean age of patients was 83 years. About 76% of patients had at least one DRP. In total, 548 DRPs were identified with a mean of 1.5 DRP per patient. The acceptance rate of medication recommendations in admitted patients was 55%, and 32% among general practitioners/elderly care specialists in discharged patients.
Conclusions
Our results show that medication reviews lead to better assessment of DRPs at the ED. The acceptance rate was substantially higher in admitted patients compared to discharged patients. Results of our study reflect the real-life setting of conducting medication reviews at the ED for older patients living with frailty.
Is Everything Correct? The Formation Enthalpies Estimation and Data Revision of Nitrates and Perchlorates Salts
Authors: Khakimov Dmitry V. , Pivina Tatyana S.
Published: November 2022

Based on various calculation methods, the enthalpies of formation for a number of salts of nitric and perchloric acids were estimated. Relationships between the thermochemical characteristics of salts depending on various cations are considered. Calculations have been made and the efficiency of using a number of quantum-chemical methods in estimating the formation enthalpy of compounds in the gas phase has been analyzed. Based on a combination of quantum chemistry methods and Atom-Atom Potentials, the crystal structure of salts was simulated and the enthalpy of sublimation was estimated for subsequent use in calculations by the recently developed MICCM method. This method surpasses all the most commonly used calculation schemes in terms of accuracy in estimating the enthalpies of salt formation. Among the compounds considered, the calculations of the salts enthalpies of three amino-1,2,4-triazoles showed a significant discrepancy with the experimental data.
Prevalence and pathology of paratuberculosis in cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir Bishoftu, central Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Temesgen , Mamo Gezahegne , Zewudi Aboma , Sirak Asegedech , Gumi Balako , Ameni Gobena
Published: November 2022

Background
Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic progressive granulomatous enteritis affecting ruminants and a wide variety of domestic and wild life species worldwide. Although there are reports of clinical cases of paratuberculosis in different veterinary clinics in Ethiopia, there is no epidemiological data on this disease in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was formulated to investigate the prevalence and pathology of paratuberculosis in apparently healthy cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir. Small intestines and associated mesenteric lymph nodes of 400 cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir were examined for gross pathological lesions of paratuberculosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. The microscopic lesions were then graded on the basis of the type and amount of cellular infiltrations.
Results
When the intestines and the corresponding lymph nodes were examined in the slaughterhouses the prevalence of paratuberculosis gross lesions was 11.25% (45/400). The gross lesions were characterized by intestinal thickening, mucosal corrugations and enlargement of associated mesenteric lymph nodes. Histopathologically 17.9% (8/45) of the cattle with gross lesion were found to have microscopic lesion compatible with paratuberculosis. The microscopic lesions were characterized by granuloma of different grades. The grading of the microscopic lesions revealed 2 animals had grade I, 4 grade II and 2 grade III lesions.
Conclusions
This study indicated the occurrence of paratuberculosis in cattle of Ethiopia using gross pathological examination of tissue samples. However, gross pathology alone cannot be used as a diagnostic tool and the findings stress the importance of a careful histopathological examination for confirmation of the gross lesions. We conclude that paratuberculosis is prevalent in cattle of Ethiopia for the first time and the result warrants for further nationwide study of the disease to establish its epidemiology and economic significance.
Simulating single-photon detector array sensors for depth imaging
Authors: Scholes Stirling , Mora-Martin German , Zhu Feng , Gyongy Istvan , Soan Phil , Leach Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Single-Photon Avalanche Detector (SPAD) arrays are a rapidly emerging technology. These multi-pixel sensors have single-photon sensitivities and pico-second temporal resolutions thus they can rapidly generate depth images with millimeter precision. Such sensors are a key enabling technology for future autonomous systems as they provide guidance and situational awareness. However, to fully exploit the capabilities of SPAD array sensors, it is crucial to establish the quality of depth images they are able to generate in a wide range of scenarios. Given a particular optical system and a finite image acquisition time, what is the best-case depth resolution and what are realistic images generated by SPAD arrays? In this work, we establish a robust yet simple numerical procedure that rapidly establishes the fundamental limits to depth imaging with SPAD arrays under real world conditions. Our approach accurately generates realistic depth images in a wide range of scenarios, allowing the performance of an optical depth imaging system to be established without the need for costly and laborious field testing. This procedure has applications in object detection and tracking for autonomous systems and could be easily extended to systems for underwater imaging or for imaging around corners.
Prevalence and Categorization of Antibiotic Drug Related Problems and the Effects on Outcomes of Neonates With Sepsis: A prospective observational study
Authors: Moftian Nazila , Rezaei-Hachesu Peyman , Esfandiari Atefeh , Soltani Taha Samad , Tabib Mohammad Saleh , Mirnia Kayvan
Published: November 2022

Background: Antibiotics are central to the initial treatment of sepsis in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). But, due to Drug-Related problems (DRP), many neonates do not experience the expected effects of treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the DRPs associated with antibiotics, as well as their associated factors and effects on outcomes, in neonates diagnosed with sepsis within 72 hours of birth.
Methods: A prospective observational study involving 223 neonates with sepsis admitted to the NICU was conducted from 1 June to 30 November 2021. A panel of experts designed and validated the data collection form, comprising five sections: neonatal, maternal, delivery, lab finding, and pharmacological treatment information. Logistic regression was used to establish the DRPs determinants. A p-value< 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare neonates’ survival rates with and without DRPs.
Results: Ampicillin (70.2%) and Gentamicin (50,5%) were the most frequently used antibiotics. At a rate of 39.91%, 129 DRPs of antibiotics were identified in 89 neonates [95% CI: 32.8–47.01]. Ineffective antibiotics (36.4%) and excessive dosages (24%) were the most common DRPs identified. Two or more antibiotics exposure [AOR=3.8, 95%CI [0.8-12.8], p=0.031] and diarrhea [AOR=1.8, 95%CI [1.2-2.4], p=0.014) were determined of DRPs. Significant outcomes of antibiotic DRPs included persistent infection, septic shock, new infection focus, and mortality within 30 days due to any cause.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of drug therapy is impacted by the use of inappropriate antibiotics and dose selection. Two or more antibiotics exposure and diarrhea were associated with an increased risk of DRPs and unfavorable outcomes.
Facile, One-pot Synthesis of S-doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection
Authors: Palakulam Joyal Jain , O Jibin P , Kuttappan Anupama , Paul Tessy , Aippunny Ann Mary Kakkassery
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We have developed a green, facile and economical route to synthesise luminescent carbon quantum dots from pulp free juice of Citrus limon in ethylene glycol. The obtained graphitic carbon dots with an average size of 3 nm exhibits strong UV absorption. Dependence of excitation wavelength on blue emitting carbon dots is investigated. This spectral behaviour remains unchanged with sulphur doping in carbon dots. They show good biocompatibility while inhibiting the growth of DLA cancerous cells. Moreover optical properties of S-doped carbon quantum dots are utilised to detect hydrogen peroxide with a detection limit of 0.49 mM.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Mortality Predictors in Patients with COVID-19 referred to the Emergency Department of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas city in 2019
Authors: Jabbari Latife , AzizKhani Leila , Shamsipour Saman , Hayati Saeed
Published: November 2022

Background and aim: Identifying the predictors of Mortality in COVID-19 is a way of identifying high-risk patients. Previous studies reported comorbidities and old age as the essential components of Covid-19 Mortality. The present study aims to determine the predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19 referred to the emergency department. Materials and method The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted retrospectively on patients with confirmed COVID − 19 referred to the emergency department of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas in 2019. Patient information, including age, gender, underlying disease, history of smoking, clinical symptoms, type of treatment, and laboratory findings, were extracted from the covid registry. Results In this study, 2478 patients with covid 19 were examined. The average age of the study subjects was 52.57 ± 16.41 years. Among them, 1371 people (55.3%) were men. The most common clinical symptom of the patients was shortness of breath (63.2%), and the most common underlying disease was hypertension (24.3%). 16.9% of examined covid 19 patients died. According to the results of multiple logistic regression analysis, with each 1-year increase in the age of the patients, the chance of death increased by 4.7% (P < 0.001). In addition, dyspnea increased the probability of death by 2.4 times, hypertension by 1.6 times, ischemic heart disease by 1.7 times, dyslipidemia by 3.6 times, stroke by 2.9 times, and malignancy by 2.2 times. (P < 0.05). The most important predictor of Mortality was CRP 3+, which increased the probability of Mortality in Covid-19 patients by almost 25 times (OR = 25.338, with a 95% confidence interval in the range of 1.978 to 324.668, P = 0.013). In addition, with each unit increase in ESR, the chance of death in patients increased by 3.3% (P < 0.001). On the other hand, among the clinical symptoms, anorexia (OR = 0.711, with a 95% confidence interval in the range of 0.506 to 0.999, P = 0.050) and receiving Macrolides (OR = 0.212, with a 95% confidence interval in the range 0.091 to 0.492, P < 0.001) had a protective role against mortality. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, old age, dyspnea, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, dyslipidemia, stroke, malignancy, CRP 3+, and high ESR were identified as predictors of Mortality in Covid-19 patients. Of course, receiving Macrolide and the presence of anorexia had a protective role against mortality in these patients.
A Pairwise Pseudo-Likelihood Approach for Regression Analysis of Left-Truncated Failure Time Data with Various Types of Censoring
Authors: Shao Li , Li Hongxi , Li Shuwei , Sun Jianguo
Published: November 2022

Background: Failure time data occur frequently in many medical studies and often accompany with various types of censoring. In some applications, left truncation may occur and can induce biased sampling, which makes the practical data analysis become more complicated. The existing analysis methods for left-truncated data has some limitations in that they either focus only on a special type of censored data or fail to flexibly utilize the distribution information of the truncation times for inference. Therefore, it is essential to develop an reliable and efficient method for the analysis left-truncated failure time data with various types of censoring. Method: This paper concerns regression analysis of left-truncated failure time data with the proportional hazards model under various types of censoring mechanism, including right censoring, interval censoring and a mixture of them. The proposed pairwise pseudo-likelihood estimation method is essentially built on a combination of the conditional likelihood and the pairwise likelihood that eliminates the nuisance truncation distribution function or avoids its estimation. To implement the presented method, a flexible EM algorithm is developed by utilizing the idea of self-consistent estimating equation. A main feature of the algorithm is that it involves closed-form estimators of the large-dimensional nuisance parameters and is thus computationally stable and reliable. In addition, an R package LTsurv is developed. Results: The numerical results obtained from extensive simulation studies suggest that the proposed pairwise pseudo-likelihood method performs reasonably well in practical situations and is obviously more efficient than the conditional likelihood approach as expected. The analysis results of the MHCPS data with the proposed pairwise pseudo-likelihood method indicate that males have significantly higher risk of losing active life than females. In contrast, the conditional likelihood method recognizes this effect as non-significant, which is because the conditional likelihood method often loses some estimation efficiency compared with the proposed method. Conclusions: The proposed method provides a general and helpful tool to conduct the Cox’s regression analysis of left-truncated failure time data under various types of censoring.
Extraction, purification, characterization, and α-amylase inhibition of C- Phycocyanin from Dolichospermum spiroides
Authors: Sanniyasi Elumalai , Jayachandran Sharath , Gopal Rajesh Kanna , Rajesh Damodharan
Published: November 2022

Phycocyanin is a phycobiliprotein pigment synthesized by cyanobacteria to protect the light-harvesting complex from the high intensity of light during photosynthesis. Intriguingly, it has a wide range of biotechnological applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and food-grade pigments based on their purity. Phycocyanin is a highly antioxidant water-soluble pigment with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Phycocyanin from Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) has been reported to possess antidiabetic activity by inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme both in vitro and in vivo. In our present study, C-phycocyanin was extracted and purified from the cyanobacterium Dolichospermum spiroides with a purity of 1.2, and 3.5 after column chromatographic purification with a molecular weight of 16 kDa. Based on protein mass fingerprinting, it has about 45% amino acid sequence similarity with the C-PC of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. The C-PC of D. spiroides has a maximum inhibition of 90% at 250 µg/mL of α-amylase enzyme. At the same concentration of the standard drug acarbose, which attained only 80% of α-amylase inhibition. As a result, the IC50 value of C-PC from D. spiroides was 162.16 ± 0.63 µg/mL, and acarbose was 205.86 ± 0.53 µg/mL. Therefore, the alpha-amylase inhibition of phycocyanin was higher than that of the standard drug acarbose. Hence, it is clear that the C-PC of D. spiroides has anti-diabetic activity.
The Psychological Pathways to Substance Use in Adolescence: A Study in a Adolescent Therapeutic Community
Authors: Pinto Mara , Pinto Tiago , Coelho Nélson , Couto Sérgio , Silva João Pedro , Monteiro Ana Luísa , Romão Bárbara
Published: November 2022

Objectives: a) To characterize the previous substance use of institutionalized adolescents in two therapeutic communities in the north of the Portugal; b) to assess the existence and explore the relationships of internalizing/externalizing problems, strengths and difficulties, self-esteem and subjective well-being of those adolescents.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study carried out in two therapeutic communities. Participants completed five questionnaires: sociodemographic questionnaire; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST); the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES); and Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI).
Results: All 67 participants self-reported previous tobacco use, followed by cannabis (98.5%), alcohol (97%), stimulants (64.2%), and other substances with lower ASSIST risk scores. Inferential analysis revealed that girls had significantly better results in the Total SDQ than boys (18.7±4.75 vs. 15.1±5.52, p=0.027), which was not observed in the RSES and PWI. There were positive correlations between SDQ conduct problems and cannabis and opiods use; SDQ peers problems and sedatives and hallucinogens use; and SDQ total difficulties and cannabis.
Discussion/Conclusions: Our participants self-reported substance use of greater magnitude and severity compared to those obtained in studies with students of the same age. Our results seem to suggest that substance use is associated with behavior difficulties. Several factors may be contributing toward the normative self-esteem and subjective wellbeing levels, including individual coping strategies and positive relationships of the adolescent at risk with educators. This work highlights the importance of characterizing the strengths and difficulties of this population and develop multidisciplinary support and treatment plans adjusted to their needs.
The long way to tax transparency: lessons from the early publishers of country-by-country reports
Authors: Godar Sarah , Aliprandi Giulia , Faccio Tommaso , Janský Petr
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we analyse a hand-collected sample of voluntarily published country-by-country reports (CbCRs) of ten multinational enterprises (MNEs). We assess the value added and the limitations of qualitative and quantitative information provided in the reports based on a comparison to individual MNEs’ annual financial reports and aggregate CbCR data provided by the OECD. We find that early publishers of CbCRs do not double-count profits by including intra-company dividends but that the inclusion of equity-accounted participation results may bias tax risk indicators as they account for up to 30% of profits or 10% on average. Our sample MNEs seem to pay higher effective tax rates than the global average and many of them report relatively little profit in tax havens. We only find a very weak correlation of the location of profits and effective tax rates. This might indicate that more tax transparent MNEs avoid taxes less aggressively. However, our assessment of different tax risk indicators reveals important variations between companies.
An Integrated Method for multi-attribute group decision-making based on the linguistic Z-number and MSM operators
Authors: Chen Bo , Cai Qiang , Wei Guiwu , Mo Zhiwen
Published: November 2022

This paper mainly researches OWA operator and its combination with MSM operator under the environment of linguistic Z-number (LZN). For the weight of data, this paper gives consideration to both the preference of attributes and the distribution of data itself, gives the interval distribution induced OWA operator (IDIOWA), and combines the weight of attributes to obtain the LZIDIHWA operator in LZN environment. Then, it introduces some good properties of this operator. At the same time, the LZIDIWMSM operator is obtained by combining LZIDIOWA operator with the LZWMSM operator, which makes up for the defect that LZWMSM cannot be used for data integration alone. Finally, the two operators are used for multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM), and their effectiveness is verified by comparative analysis.
Identification of aerobic glycolysis-related prognosis signature for predicting overall survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Deng Jingduo , Wu Yinbing , Yang Bin , Chen Zhi , Xu Shuijing , Cheng Yuan , Zhu Canhua
Published: November 2022

Background
Aerobic glycolysis is a hall marker of cancers and involves tumor initiation, development, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Therefore, we explored the role, molecular mechanisms, and prognostic values of aerobic glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
The mRNA expression profile and corresponding clinical information were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. And the aerobic glycolysis-related genes (ARGs) were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). The differentially expressed ARGs were identified and then constructed the aerobic glycolysis-related signature for prognosis prediction. The risk score and model were established, and the correlation between risk score and transcriptomic features, immune characteristics, and responses to therapeutic was investigated.
Characterizing the influence of various RF powers of Sputtering system on the electrical properties of Ni-DLC semiconductor thin films
Authors: Nia Elnaz Mohammadi , Elahi Hossein , Elahi Seyed Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Nickel nanoparticles doped amorphous diamond-like carbon were sputtered by the RF-PECVD technique in different applied powers. Subsequently, the Effect of increasing RF power on the surface texture and conduction mechanism was analyzed and reported. EDAX spectroscopy implies the growth of nickel and carbon content. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that the nanoparticles of Ni-DLC within the increasing applied power were more agglomerated and homogenized. Electrical measurements were done to launch a full investigation into the charge transport mechanism of films and determine the type of transportation mechanism in the temperature range from 123 K to 573 K. Based on the electrical properties, using the Arrhenius model in the high-temperature ranges from 573 K to ~ 380 K, S3 samples have a minimum value of inter-band activation energy about of 6 meV, indicating more conduction due to more nickel content compared to the other samples which can be a reason based on an argument that the nickel content could be controlled by regulating different RF applying deposition power, while in low-temperature range the conduction mechanism follows a phonon-assistant hopping. This research revealed that in Ni:a-C:H semiconductor thin films the adopted mechanism in the low-temperature region (VRH conduction mechanism) is different from the high-temperature one (band-to-band conduction) and changes from the VRH to the band-to-band conduction with rising temperature. Furthermore, by increasing the nickel content, the hopping distance was reduced in the samples.
Mechanical damage mechanism of saturated red clay under acidic conditions
Authors: Xiao Guiyuan , Wang Jian , Xu Guangli , zhang liming , liu wei , Fang Yukai
Published: November 2022

In this study, the damage regularity of saturated red clay under acidic conditions was investigated. The red clay was configured with different concentrations of acid solution (pH = 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7), and a consolidated undrained triaxial test (CU), scanning electron microscope (SEM) test, and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) were conducted to derive the mechanical damage law of acid on red clay in combination with the Mohr-Coulomb damage criterion. The stress-strain relationship of red clay under different circumferential pressure and acid concentration was determined to be strain-hardening; the original cementing material eroded under strong acid, and the connections between particles were broken to form a "gully". The colloidal material in the red clay dissolved with the increase in acid concentration, destroying the original structure of the soil and producing a large number of pores, which increased the damage. The linkage strength between soil particles, therefore, gradually decreased, the soil particles became more dispersed, and the strength of the soil decreased, i.e., the damage to red clay increased.
Influence of Process Parameters on Specific Wear Rate of nano Al 2 O 3 reinforced Al Composite Using Taguchi’s Technique
Authors: Rumi Md Jalal Uddin , Rahman Muhammad Muzibur
Published: November 2022

Aluminum is widely used in many engineering fields for its
exceptional qualities. However, aluminum has poorer wear
characteristics. The aim of the investigation was to study the
effect of process parameters on the wear properties of nano
Al2O3 reinforced Al composite fabricated by a
two-step stir casting method. A pin-on-disc wear device was used to
study the wear characteristics of an Al composite reinforced with
nano-sized Al2O3. Based on Taguchi's method,
tests were planned, and a L9 Orthogonal array was selected to
analyze the results. We used ANOVA to examine the impact of applied
force, sliding speed, and duration on certain wear rates. This
model's goal was to assess the specific wear rate with "smaller the
better" as the selection criteria. Out of all the process
parameters, applied load has been found to be the one that most
significantly influences the particular specific wear rate. Sliding
duration is the second most important factor, whereas sliding speed
is the factor that has the lowest impact on a given specific wear
rate. We recreated a regression equation with R2 and adj
R2 of 99.85% and 99.76% respectively that was utilized
to estimate the particular specific wear rate of nano
Al2O3 reinforced Al composite. An
apple-to-apple comparison between experimental and projected values
was built using two confirmation tests. It revealed an inaccuracy
of 2.1% and 6.6%, respectively, with a specific wear rate of Al
composite. Using a scanning electron microscope, wornout surfaces
of the specimen with the lowest and greatest specific wear rates
were examined. As per the investigation, lowest specific wear rate
obtained due to formation of fewer oxide layers at the worn out
surface of specimen and highest specific wear rate obtained due to
cracks and deep groves at the worn out surface of specimen.
Efficacy of Drone Technology in Agriculture: A review
Authors: UPADHYAYA ASHUTOSH , JEET PAWAN . , SUNDARAM PREM KUMAR , SINGH ANIL KUMAR . , SAURABH KIRTI , DEO MANMOHAN
Published: November 2022

Drones are unmanned aircrafts that are sent by a pilot on the ground to perform a task with a remote control or that are automatically flown by loading a previously made flight program. The applications of drone technology in the agriculture are addressed in this paper. This technology has broad scope in various fields such as managing water in agricultural systems, water stress detection, disease and pest detection, yield/maturity estimation, weed flora detection, monitoring of workforce, maintaining the livestock and concern logistics. It saves operating time, work accuracy, input costs such as land, water, seed and agro-chemical, and workforce in agriculture.
Genome Editing for Speed Breeding of Horticultural Crops
Authors: BALAJI B , DHARANI E . , SHRICHARAN S , SHAKESPEAR S , SINGH A K , PILLAI M ARUMUGAM , Saini JESHIMA K YASIN
Published: November 2022

Climate change is one of the burdensome factors of agricultural productivity. Adverse biotic and abiotic stress impacts directly on plants resulting in poor productivity and yield loss. Modern protocols in genome editing using CRISPR, TALENs, ZFNs and Meganucleases enable editing at the precise site. The versatility of genome editing tools makes its application useful in fields like crop improvement, gene functional analyses, pathway research, studying animal models, genetic analyses, epigenetic research, drug development and biofuels research etc. The technological advancements in genome editing are adopted in both monocots and dicots for crop improvement. These technologies are precise, independent of breeding limitations like unexplored germplasm resources and reduce breeding cycles drastically from decades to years to meet the global requirements. The application of genome editing in agriculture proves to be a potential source for developing crops with biotic and abiotic stress, improved yield with better nutritional qualities.
Breeding Novel Genotypes in Chickpea and Lentil
Authors: CHOUDHARY ARBIND K . , HEGDE VS , KUMAR JITENDRA , SAHNI SANGITA . , SHUBHA KUMARI , KUMAR AKESH
Published: November 2022

Among cool season pulses, chickpea and lentil account for over 74% and 79%, respectively of the total area and production under Rabipulses in India. The climate change has resulted in contraction of cool season duration, and as a result, terminal heat stress and root diseases complex are constraining the productivity of both chickpea and lentil. This has necessitated breeding novel genotypes with unique adaptive features to combat the adverse impacts of climate change. Two crosses (BGD 9971 × IPCK 2002-29 and BGD 9971 × JG 16) of chickpea were advanced to succeeding generations commencing from 2014-15. In Fgeneration, one F(BGD 119971 × IPCK 2002-29) showed only partial dominance of non-determinate (NDT) growth habit (of IPCK 2002-29) over the determinate (DT) habit (of BGD 9971). However, the second cross (BGD 9971 × JG 16) indicated complete dominance of NDT (JG 16) over the DT type (BG 9971); the Fgeneration showed a 15 (NDT):1 (DT) ratio, showing duplicate gene action for growth 2habit in chickpea. The same was confirmed in the randomly selected Fprogenies also. During 32018-19, a total of 4 DT Fprogenies derived from the cross (BGD 9971 × IPCK 2002-29) were 6 grown and assessed in preliminary trial for yield and other attributes. Based on their performance over the check (IPCK 2002-29), two superior lines, viz. RCECK 17-2 and RCECK 17-4, were selected for further evaluation. The 'RCECK 19-4' significantly outyielded (1852 kg/ha) the check 'IPCK 2002-29' (1513 kg/ha). In lentil, a segregating population derived from a cross (ILWL118 × DPL58) was also advanced, and 16 single plant selections (SPS) were performed based on biomass, earliness and no. of pods. Further selections in succeeding generations resulted in the identification of a super early genotype 'RCEL19-1' in the year 2019-20. Besides super earliness, this genotype when evaluated in wilt-sick nursery showed greater mortality than the susceptible check 'Seohore 74-3', making it a suitable susceptible check for assessing wilt reaction of test genotypes in the pathological trials. These two novel genotypes, viz. 'RCECK 17-4' (chickpea) and 'RCEL19-1' (lentil), hold promise to be registered as useful genetic stocks for further utilization in breeding programmes.
Evaluation of different Rabi Onion Varieties under Bihar Conditions
Authors: TIWARI JITENDRA K . , . DIVYA A. , KUMAR ARUN , SINGH SHAURYA .
Published: November 2022

Problems of onion crop production and their solutions at farming situations were studies with participation of farmers. In this regard, demonstrations on integrated crop management in onion varieties were conducted in 2017-18 during Rabi season by National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation – Patna under National Horticulture Mission, in differentlocationsofBiharthrough(TDTD)TechnologyDisseminationthroughDemonstration at selected farmers' fields. These demonstrations focused on increase productivity/ net returns of onion per unit area and get the feedback from farmers on the performance of onion varieties. The vigour of the variety is one of the major constraints in production of onion. The productivity and economic returns of onion in improved technologies were calculated and compared with the corresponding farmer's practices. All the five varieties recorded higher gross return, net return and cost benefit ratio in improved technologies as compared to the control plots as well as suksagar variety. It was found that farmers were using old varieties of onion crop without proper use of recommended scientific package of practices. Results obtained showed that over the year NHRDF Red-3 variety performed superior over local check. The gross returns Rs 2,95,502.50/ha, net returns Rs 2,10,227.50 /ha, extension gap ( 146.90 Q/ha) and C:B ratio 3.47were also recorded highest in NHRDF Red-3 variety compared to local variety. Technology gap was highest in NHRDF Red-4(92.84 Q/ha), whereas technology index were minimum in improved variety NHRDF Red-2 12.87% which is at par 13.09% in NHRDF Red-3 compared to local check. NHRDF Red—3 with taking 10-12 days more time for maturity, whereas Obtained minimum onion bulb yield with lower returns and B: C ratio in NHRDF Red with it was at par Agrifound Light Red. It was also recorded that Suksagar as a local variety medium adoption index due to taking 25-30 days less time for maturity in comparisons to NHRDF Red -3 and other varieties. This will subsequently increase the income as well as the livelihood of the farming community.
Salt Dynamics and Budgeting in the Root Zone of Wheat under Irrigated Saline Environment
Authors: KUMAR PARMANAND , SARANGI A , SINGH DK
Published: November 2022

Plant growth is adversely affected by salt deposition in the root zone and requires judicious irrigation water management for enhancing productivity in an irrigated saline environment. To study the salt deposition and subsequent leaching of salts below the root zone of wheat, an experiment with four wheat cultivars (viz. three salt-tolerant KRL-210 (V), KRL-1-4 (V), and 12one salt non-tolerant HD- 2894 (V) were taken for the experiment under artificially prepared 4-1-1-1irrigation water with salinity levels of 4 dS m(S), 8 dS m(S) and 12 dS m(S) besides the 234-1varying salinity of the groundwater from 1.45 to 1.7 dS m(S) during rabiseasons of 2009-10 and 12010-11 at the research farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India. -1 The soil salinity (EC) was 0.2 dS mbefore the conduction of the experiment during rabi 2009-1:2-1 10 and varied from 0.26 to 0.95 dS mduring rabi2010-11. The total salt-induced in soil was 70.15 -1-1 t haand 55.6 t hafor rabi2009-10 and 2010-11 respectively by saline irrigation water. The salt -1deposition in the crop root zone was observed at maximum (i.e., 17.04 and 22.97 t ha during rabi2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively) for Streated plots and minimum in Streatment levels. 41The production functions for wheat varieties were developed and the coefficient of 2determination (R) was 0.98 to 0.99 and 0.94 for salt-tolerant and salt non-tolerant varieties, respectively. Moreover, it was also estimated that the maximum salt was deposited on the top soil layer (15cm) and the leaching of salts from S, S, Sand Streatments levels was 65%, 63%, 123,452%, and 48% salts, respectively from the root zone. However, this study would assist in the computation of leaching requirements for enhancing productivity in irrigated saline environments.
Physicochemical Properties of four Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from the Semi-arid Regions of North Gujarat, India
Authors: YADAV ANURAG . , HINABEN GANVANI , YADAV KUSUM . , AHMAD RUMANA .
Published: November 2022

The rhizosphere of several plants was screened for phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from eight locations of North Gujrat. Thirty-three PSB were isolated in the study. Four PSB isolates with the highest phosphate solubilization index between 1.55–2 were characterized morphologically and biochemically and identified through 16S rRNAsequencing as Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kocuria flava and Enterobacter hormaechei. The growth of isolates was measured by plotting an optical density-based semi-logarithmic growth curve. The isolates were measured for Psolubilization in Pikovskaya broth. The isolate K. flava LC515414 -1solubilized maximum CaPO (7.63 μm P mL). The acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 34the isolates was also measured for 96 h in the growth medium. After 96 h of growth, the isolate -1K. flava LC515414 had the highest final acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 4.68 U Land -15.67 U L
Estimation of Irrigation Return Flow in Sandy-Loam Soil using Water-balance Approach
Authors: PANDEY YOGESH . , KHAN JUNAID NAZEER , SINGH PRADEEP KUMAR , DADHICH SUSHMITA MUKHERJEE
Published: November 2022

In this study, irrigation return flow (deep percolation) has been estimated by using water balance approach. The experimental setup consisted of two lysimeters installed at the College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology field lab, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar in which pea crop was grown, simulating the natural conditions available in the vicinity of lysimeter. Regular measurements of soil moisture were made at the depths 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm using gravimetric method. The evapotranspiration estimates were determined using FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. The deep percolation was calculated using the water-balance approach. The deep percolation losses calculated by water-balance approach are comparable to the observed values of deep percolation obtained by the lysimeters. The observed and the calculated values of deep percolation have 7.65% (using water balance method) difference. Results obtained showed that locally constructed lysimeters could effectively be utilized in water balance studies of a cropped area when used in combination with root zone soil moisture monitoring devices.
Decadal Land Use Land Cover Change Analysis using Remote Sensing and GIS in Nagpur city of Maharashtra, India
Authors: KUMARI ARTI , UPADHYAYA ASHUTOSH , NAGARKAR S S , REDDY NAGIREDDY M . , KUMAR RAJKISHORE , SINGH ANIL K
Published: November 2022

An attempt has been made to analyze the LULC change pattern of Nagpur over the past decade (2010-2020) using remote sensing and GIS. In this study, the LULC map for selected years was prepared by supervised classification using a maximum likelihood algorithm from Landsat data, and accuracy assessment by confusion matrix. The results showed that there were major changes in built-up areas (17.37% expansion) and barren land (19.32% deduction). However, water bodies and forest cover decreased slightly by 0.17% and 0.76%, respectively. Overall, the acreage used for agriculture increased by 2.88% and seems to have been replaced by barren / forest areas. Overall, the LULC change detection algorithms used for classification was very effective with an overall accuracy of 78.88 and 73.30% and a kappa coefficient of 0.74 and 0.67, respectively for 2010 and 2020, considered substantial. Overall, Nagpur's land cover changes constantly due to overcrowding; water and forest bodies are adversely affected by rapid urbanization. The study concludes that previous 10 years of Nagpur LULC trend analysis will help to understand land use change pattern by line departments and take necessary actions to reduce the negative impact of land use and land cover change, as well as proper land use planning and management of the Nagpur city.