bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Logística Reversa de Embalagens Vazias de Agrotóxicos junto a produtores rurais do Interior do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Marques Maurício Dias , Vieira Silvia Cristina , Braga Junior Sérgio Silva
Published: December 2016

O artigo objetiva conhecer como funciona a logística reversa das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos no interior do estado de São Paulo, mais precisamente no município de Tupã e circunvizinhanças. Tratou-se de entender o funcionamento prático dessa logística reversa diante das determinações da legislação vigente, identificando-se a responsabilidade imposta pela legislação para os produtores rurais como primeiro elo da cadeia logística, e verificando-se o comportamento dos mesmos ante a conscientização da preservação do meio ambiente. Foi adotada metodologia qualitativa, numa pesquisa de campo, com objetivo exploratório, que revelou que nem sempre e em todos os lugares o que consta da legislação é cumprido, uma vez que não há incentivo à chamada à responsabilidade nem fiscalização efetiva por parte do Poder Público. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística Reversa. Embalagens Vazias de Agrotóxicos. Legislação.
Parâmetros de infiltrabilidade em solo urbano para modelo chuva-vazão
Authors: Silva Junior Marcos Antonio Barbosa da , Silva Simone Rosa da , Soares Willames de Albuquerque
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho consiste na obtenção dos parâmetros de infiltrabilidade em solo urbano, numa área da cidade do Recife (PE) com ocorrência de alagamentos, a partir da realização de ensaios com infiltrômetro a simples anel. A equação resultante da curva de infiltração foi ajustada ao modelo de infiltração de Horton, definindo-se os parâmetros de taxas máxima e mínima de infiltração, e constante de decaimento. Verificou-se que os parâmetros obtidos, quando utilizados em um modelo chuva-vazão, representaram bem as condições do balanço hídrico local, resultando num escoamento superficial (runnof) muito próximo dos padrões atuais de uso e ocupação do solo da cidade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Infiltração. Solo urbano. Modelo chuva-vazão.  Parameters of infiltration rates in urban soil for rain-flow modelABSTRACT:The present work consists in obtaining the parameters of infiltration rates in urban soil, in an area in the city of Recife (PE) with occurrence of floods, from the performance of the tests with a simple ring infiltrometer. The resulting equation of the infiltration curve was adjusted to the Horton infiltration model, defining the parameters of maximum and minimum rates of infiltration, and decay constant. It was found that the parameters obtained, when used in a rain-flow model, represented well the conditions of the local water balance, resulting in a superficial flow (runoff) very similar to the city's current urbanistic patterns. KEYWORDS: Infiltration. Urban soil. Rain-flow model. Parámetros de velocidad de infiltración en el suelo urbano para el modelo lluvia-escorrentíaRESUMEN:Este trabajo consiste en conseguir los parámetros de velocidad de infiltración en el suelo urbano en una zona de Recife (PE) con la ocurrencia de inundaciones , a partir de los ensayos en simple anillo infiltrómetros . La curva de infiltración ecuación resultante se ajustó Horton modelo de infiltración, los parámetros que definen los tipos mínimos de la infiltración y la constante de desintegración y máximo. Se encontró que los parámetros obtenidos cuando se utiliza en un modelo lluvia- escorrentía y representado condiciones de equilibrio hídrico de la zona, lo que resulta en la escorrentía (runnof) muy cerca de los patrones actuales de uso y ocupación del suelo de la ciudad . PALABRAS CLAVE: La infiltración. Suelo urbano. Modelo de lluvia- escorrentía.
Association between motor development of typical children and head and trunk alignment
Authors: Martinello Micheli , Louzada Maria W. , Martins Tamiris B. , Rafael Aline D. , Santos Gilmar M. , Johnston Cintia
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Among the typical motor development, it is considered the neck control as being of great importance. Although there is no consensus of the best positioning for stimulation of neck control, it is clear in the literature the positive association between the prone position and the typical motor development according to the age of infants. Objective: To investigate the association between the kinematic variables related to neck control and bracing with age and motor performance in the prone position of typical children. Methods: 30 children participated in the study. Motor development was assessed by Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), and the alignment of the head, trunk and upper limb was analyzed through kinematic analysis in the prone position. Results: with the association of the variables: age, AIMS in the prone position and the kinematic variables (inclination of the head, trunk extension, shoulder angle and elbow angle), was observed that the increase in age and the best performance in the prone position corresponding to the inclination of the head. The trunk and elbow extension also increases. Conclusion: there was a positive association between the variables age and motor performance in the prone position of typical children, with kinematics variables the inclination of the head, the trunk and the elbow extension.
The effect of eccentric training on tissue repair in individuals with Achilles tendinopathy: a literature review
Authors: Souza Rafael Virgínio de , Araújo Vanessa Lara
Published: December 2016

Introduction: The tendinopathy is a common dysfunction in athletes and its numbers has increased in the last few years. Regarding tendon lesions, the Achilles tendinopathy is one of the most commons, especially among runners. There are several techniques to treat tendon lesions, such as the eccentric exercise. This exercise is widely used and discussed in the literature. Objective: To carry out a literature review in order to investigate the short and long term effects of eccentric exercise on tendon vascularization and structure in patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and PEDro databases. Results: 13 studies that measure the effects of eccentric exercises in the tendon structure were selected. Conclusion: The studies suggest that eccentric exercise can modify tendon structure in short and long term, reestablishing its healthy structure conditions.
Assessment of musculoskeletal symptoms in academics in full‑time and part-time courses
Authors: Antonelli Gabriela , Gomes Jossinelma Camargo , Oliveira Marcio Antonio Klingelfus de , Baroni Marina Pegoraro
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Musculoskeletal symptoms are affections, with or without degeneration of the tissues, and may present in various forms and be associated with multiple symptoms. At the moment its etiology is multifactorial and the pathological picture shows social relevance due to its scope and magnitude. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in academics of full-time and part-time (nighttime) courses at UNICENTRO. Methods: The study counted on 120 students of both courses and for the selection of the individuals was used the stratified sampling method. The Nordic questionnaire for musculoskeletal symptoms (NMQ) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaire were used as a form of pain identification. Results: Observing the results obtained from the NMQ, it was observed a high prevalence of symptoms in the analyzed students, being 49% in Biological Sciences and 44.8% in Physiotherapy, highlighting the region of the vertebral column, being lumbar (9.42%) in academics of Physiotherapy and thoracic region (9.14%) in academics of Biological Sciences, also noted high involvement in multiple regions (53.9%). Furthermore, it was observed the presence of mild pain trough VAS (3.78 ± 2.38). Conclusion: It was concluded that the most affected region was the spine, specifically the lumbar and thoracic. Thus, it is assumed that biomechanical overload is responsible for this finding. Thus, preventive and ergonomic measures and health promotion should be stimulated among young students, but for this purpose further studies are needed.
Pain threshold in the masticatory and cervical muscles in different types of temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Oliveira Nattalia de , Marques Ana Elisa Zulliani Stroppa , Pucci Renata Lumena Altruda , Sousa Érica Almeida , Ribeiro Flora Tolentino , Navega Flavia Roberta Faganello , Pedroni Cristiane Rodrigues
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Given the intimate connection of the temporomandibular joint in the cervical region and its functions of chewing, speech and swallowing, patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have most painful condition in stomathognatic muscles. Objective: Check for differences in pressure pain threshold of the masseter (MS), temporalis (TM), upper trapezius (UT) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles in different types of TMD. Method: Participated in the research 97 subjects, classified according to “The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD)”: myofascial pain (TMD IA), myofascial pain with limited opening (TMD IB), disc displacement with reduction (TMD IIA), disc displacement without reduction and with limited opening (TMD IIB), disc displacement without reduction and without limited opening (TMD IIC). For measurement of the pressure pain threshold (PPT) was used the pressure algometry program (Kratos) of the TM, MS, UT and SCM muscles. For statistical analysis was used the Graphpad Instat program with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The sample consisted of 67 women and 30 men with an average age of 22.09 ± 5.45 years. Of these subjects, 40 were classified as “with TMD”, 57 as “without TMD”, 34 as “TMD IA”, 16 as “TMD IB”, 14 as “TMD IIA” and nobody as “TMD IIB” and “TMD IIC”. The MS, TM and UT muscles showed decreased threshold in myogenic groups of TMD with relation to the group without TMD. Only the masseter muscle showed statistical significance when compared to the myogenic groups with each other, demonstrating that the IB group has lower PPT. Individuals with TMD IB showed lower PPT of MS, TM and UT muscles when compared to TMD IIA. Conclusion: There is a significant difference comparing the PTT of MS, TM and UT muscles of myofascial pain subgroup to the subgroup without TMD. There were differences between the groups myogenic in PPT of MS. TMD IB showed lower threshold in TMD IB group than in TMD IIA group. Controversially, it was not observed when comparing the SCM muscle and disc displacement subgroup with the subgroup without TMD.
Immediate effects of spinal manipulation in pain and global joint mobility in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Fernandes Walkyria Vilas Boas , Pizzol Franciéli Dall , Capote Andrielle Elaine , Melo Sibele de Andrade , Schleder Juliana Carvalho
Published: December 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the immediate effects of applying a manipulative intervention on chronic non-specific back pain and increasing global joint mobility. Method: A cross-sectional, randomized, single-blind study was carried out, consisting of 19 women aged between 18 and 55 years old, separated into two groups: Experimental Group (EG = 10) and Control Group (CG=9). The evaluation consisted of a physical examination, Rolland Morris questionnaire, fingertip-to-floor test, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and pressure algometry (L5) before and after the manipulative intervention. The EG was submitted to five vertebral manipulations, two in the bilateral pelvis region, one in the middle thoracic region (T5-T7) and two in the bilateral cervical region at the C3 level. The CG was submitted to two placebos manipulative techniques, being positioned in right and left lateral decubitus position for 10 seconds each, in the same position of global pelvic manipulation, but without the manipulative impulse (thrust). Results: The results were statistically significant in the EG in the reduction of sensation of pain (p<0,001) and the increase of overall joint mobility (p<0,05) when comparing pre and post intragroup moments. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to pain threshold evaluated in pressure algometry. Conclusion: It is concluded that a manipulative intervention is able to reduce the pain and to increase the global mobility immediately after its accomplishment.
Thermography study of nipple-areola complex in immediate puerperas
Authors: Migueli Maria Ferreira di , Luz Soraia Cristina Tonon da , Santos Keyla Mara dos , Honório Gesilani Julia da Silva , Roza Thuane da
Published: December 2016

Introduction: In the puerperium period, one of the main causes for discontinuation of breastfeeding is breast changes. The fissure is characterized by a skin lesion in the nipple-areolar complex, a consequence of an error in the breastfeeding. Objective: The present study aimed to identify the surface temperature of the nipple-areola complex of the lactating breast, with and without fissure, establishing a comparison with a group of nulliparous women. Method: The sample consisted of thirty women, forming three groups: G1- puerperae with breast fissure; G2- puerperae without breast fissure; and G3- nulliparous. The evaluations were carried out at public Carmela Dutra Maternity of Florianopolis (SC), consisting of: interview, inspection and thermographic examination of the anterior view of the breasts. Nulliparous were evaluated at the Santa Catarina State University. Results: Increased vascularization was observed in G1 and G2, including the nipple-areola complex, mainly in G2. Seven women of G1 and eight of G2 presented warmer and vascularized areolar region when compared to the nipple. The nulliparas presented different thermal image, with smaller number of areas with delineations of blood vessels. Statistical differences were observed between groups at the minimum temperature in the areola (p=0.007) and in the nipple (p=0.037). When comparing the mean temperatures between the groups, there was a statistical difference between G1 and G3 in both regions (p=0.005; p=0.047). The G1 presented lower temperature in the nipple region. Conclusion: The group with fissure had lower values of superficial temperature compared to the others, which could be associated with a vascular alteration process, and the thermographic evaluation made it possible to identify physiological and structural modifications of the breast. As a non-invasive technique, thermography can be a tool in the monitoring of physiological anatomical changes of the breast, as well as in the identification of problems related to lactation difficulty, opening doors to new studies about the subject.
Postural phenotype assessment in pupils: a new clinic approach
Authors: Nascimento Luana Karina de Almeida , Miranda Cristiano Barreto de , Filho Flávio Martins do Nascimento , Cerqueira Felipe Lima de , Araújo Maria das Graças Rodrigues de , Júnior Miburge Bolívar Gois
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Most of the postural problems originate during puberty, when the body structure is in the process of development and the hormonal release predisposes the differentiated growth between the gender, which can interfere in the posture and balance of the individual. Objective: To analyze the postural phenotypic parameters in school adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 72 adolescents with age between 10 and 15 years from a public school in the city of Lagarto, Sergipe. The subjects were divided into two groups according to gender (G1: female group; G2: male group) and age subgroups (SB1: adolescents with 10-12 years; SB2: adolescents with 13-15 years), homogeneous in relation to BMI. The research consisted of the collection of anthropometric and clinical data, backpack weighing, static postural evaluation through biophotogrammetry and measurement of stabilometric parameters through a force platform. Results: The individuals presented reduced mobility of the spine and did not overload the school backpack. The prevalence of scoliosis and scoliotic attitudes was 33.32% and more frequentily in the G2. As for the postural angles, the G1 presented knee valgus, hyperextension of the knee and lumbar hyperlordosis, differently, the G2 was characterized with forward inclination of the body, knee flexion, cervical hyperlordosis and thoracic hyperkyphosis. There was no difference in body balance variables between gender, besides the correlation between postural alignment and balance. Conclusion: The study suggests that the phase of corporal development in the school period favors postural phenotypic differentiations.
Physiotherapy Practice postoperative blepharoplasty: experimental study
Authors: Silveira Taís Ingrid de Lima , Silva Rodrigo Marcel Valentim da , Neto Luis Gonzaga Araújo , Fernades Ruth Gabryella Praxedes , Meyer Patrícia Froes
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Blepharoplasty word is of Greek origin (blepharos refers to the eyelids, and plasty is on the form, shape), used to call the eyelid rejuvenation surgery. The physical therapy can prevent or reduce many of the complications caused by blepharoplasty, such as swelling, bruising, hematoma, keloid, among others. Objective: This project aims to observe the physiotherapy performance in the post-blepharoplasty, assessing the general condition of the patient, as the possible complications of surgery. Methods: This study is characterized as a clinical trial and quasi-experimental. The survey sample contains 8 participants (n = 8). Inclusion criteria were patients who had undergone blepharoplasty surgery at the Institute of Vision, female, with a mean age of 60.1 years, menopausal and time availability in the morning and / or afternoon. Exclusion criteria were patients who missed 3 or more sessions, presence of eye diseases such as conjunctivitis, exacerbated pain in the surgery area, infection in the incision area and to provide dehiscence. They started treatment in the second postoperative day, being applied to pumping technique with the use of gauze on the upper eyelid region, manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and kinesiotherapy in a 40 minute session, with the total of 10 sessions. Results: The level of education of patients and their professions was observed to changes in the postoperative period, the quality of life of patients and duration of the presence of complications. Conclusion: It is suggested that physical therapy in the daily early postoperative period of blepharoplasty may have contributed to avoid complications and that blepharoplasty does not affect the quality of life.
Effects of chiropractic in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder): review article.
Authors: Almeida Alana Cardécia de , Basilio Franciane Batista , Silva Rodrigo Marcel Valentim da
Published: December 2016

Introduction: adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) is a common disease that causes significant morbidity. Chiropractic care is based on technical adjustments that restore normal micro-motion to the spine, reducing neural compression cause of painful symptoms that particular dermatome. The aim of this paper is to review the scientific literature the effects of chiropractic in patients with frozen shoulder. Method: This is an integrative review article, made from primary sources. As criteria for inclusion of articles, we selected only those whose methodology was Clinical Trial Controlled Randomized, published in the period 2010 to 2016, which made reference to features and methods of the relevant chiropractic treatment of frozen shoulder, which compared a group chiropractic and another that applied conventional physiotherapy or other similar technique. Results: The search in databases totaled 18 randomized controlled trials. According to the inclusion criteria, only three articles were selected. The three studies have shown benefits of chiropractic for improvements in mobility, pain and function. Conclusion: Each article has shown benefits with the application of chiropractic techniques frozen shoulder.
Evaluation and treatment physiotherapeutic in pain syndrome patellofemoral: case study
Authors: Santos Keyla Mara dos , Martins Tamiris Bepler , Abou Libak , Palandi Juliete , Venâncio Raysa Silva , Moreira Géssica Maria
Published: December 2016

Introduction: The patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common condition in orthopedic practice, is defined as a pain or retropatellar in the absence of other diseases of the knee, multifactorial. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a physiotherapy intervention in a patient with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Methods: We performed a descriptive study, through a case report with physical therapy assessment data and the description of the techniques used during treatment. Results: The results showed range of motion improves, the manifestations of pain and patellar mobility. Conclusion: The proposed physical therapy treatment given to this patient proved to be efficient, but a greater number of physical therapy sessions is required in order to obtain better results.
ASSESSMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION AND MANDIBULAR FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT IN DENTISTRY ACADEMICS
Authors: Guimarães Élcio Alves , Goulart Tathiane Tavares , Makhoul Kelly Duarte Lima , Sousa Lucas Resende , Junior Paulo Cézar Simamoto , Sousa Gilmar da Cunha , Neto Alfredo Júlio Fernandes
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a collective term adding up the entire problems related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular functional impairment is one of the symptoms of TMD. It is known that the posture influences the onset of TMD, thus, as in the appearance of mandibular functional impairment. Dentists remain in inadequate positions during their workday, thus presenting an important risk factor for the onset of TMD. Objective: To classify temporomandibular dysfunction and mandibular functional impairment in undergraduates of the 8th period of the Dentistry course in the “Centro Universitário do Triângulo-UNITRI”, in Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, practical, exploratory with a quantitative approach, epidemiological study carried out through application of two questionnaires: Mandibular Functional Impairment Index (MFIQ) and Clinical Dysfunction Index (IDCCM or Helkimo Index). Results: The results found in the present study showed a higher prevalence of moderate TMD (70,83%), followed by mild TMD (16.67%) and severe TMD (12,50%) and all participants were classified with mandibular functional impairment of low severity. Conclusion: The results of this research showed a high prevalence of moderate TMD in dentistry students and that there is no correlation between TMD and mandibular functional impairment. It was observed that many students had pain in the neck and/or shoulder.
Transconstitucionalismo ou cosmopolitismo: perspectivas para uma semântica dialógica no constitucionalismo contemporâneo / Transconstitucionalism or cosmopolitism: perspectives for a dialogical semantics in the contemporary constitutionalism
Authors: Carvalho Alexandre Douglas Zaidan
Published: December 2016

Resumo:Ao considerar a variedade de elementos que cerca a fragmentação da reprodução do direito, além da precária legitimação dos Estados nacionais e entidades não estatais para tratar de problemas constitucionais comuns da sociedade mundial, este artigo discute duas propostas teóricas direcionadas ao tema: o transconstitucionalismo e o cosmopolitismo constitucional. Ao traçar um paralelo entre as duas perspectivas, pretende-se demonstrar os limites e possibilidades de ambas, com especial atenção ao constitucionalismo norte-americano. Com foco na resistência da Suprema Corte em considerar precedentes estrangeiros como referência para suas decisões, o trabalho avalia como a postura de fechamento ao diálogo prejudica a construção da noção de um constitucionalismo partilhado.Palavras-chave: Constitucionalismo Global; Transconstitucionalismo; Cosmopolitismo Constitucional. Abstract:By considering the variety of elements that surrounds the fragmentation of law reproduction beyond the precarious legitimacy of the national State and non-state entities to confront common constitutional problems of the world society, this paper discusses two theoretical proposals directed to the question: transconstitucionalism and constitutional cosmopolitanism. To draw a parallel between the two perspectives, it is intended to demonstrate the limits and possibilities of both, with special attention to American constitutionalism. Focusing on the resistance of Supreme Court to consider foreign precedents as reference for their decisions, the paper evaluates how the posture of closing the dialog affects in the construction of the notion of shared constitutionalism.Keywords: Global Constitutionalism; Transconstitutionalism; Constitutional Cosmopolitanism.
Imigração Haitiana no Brasil: os Motivos da Onda Migratória, as Propostas para a Inclusão dos Imigrantes e a sua Proteção à Dignidade Humana / Haitian Immigration in Brazil: the Migration Wave Reasons, the Proposals for Inclusion of Immigrants and their Protection for Human Dignity
Authors: Messias da Silva Leda Maria , Somensi de Lima Sarah
Published: December 2016

Resumo: o presente artigo trata das imigrações haitianas que vêm ocorrendo no Brasil desde 2010 e das propostas de inclusão destes imigrantes. Primeiramente, avaliam-se os motivos que levaram a esse crescente fluxo de imigrações, bem como a maneira que chegaram ao país. As imigrações sempre fizeram parte da história do mundo, sendo assim, não é de hoje que esse assunto é relevante para os países. Entretanto, no Brasil, esse tema denota ultimamente ainda mais importância devido a essa onda imigratória. Em seguida, a pesquisa discorre acerca da dignidade destes imigrantes, evidenciando a reflexão e o debate sobre a importância de se garantir a dignidade aos imigrantes haitianos, destacando algumas propostas para a efetivação das garantias. Por fim, o texto apresenta as propostas que estão sendo elaboradas no Brasil para tratar sobre o assunto e outras políticas de inclusão, que poderiam amenizar o problema. Enfim, é muito importante enfatizar que todos têm direitos iguais e, principalmente, todos merecem um tratamento digno.Palavras-chave: Imigrantes haitianos; Inclusão; Dignidade humana. Abstract: The essay presents a conceptual scheme of the criticism made by Ronald Dworkin to legal conventionalism and its relevance for an accurate description of the law and the correct understanding of the nature of legal disagreement. After defining the concepts of convention, conventionalism and legal conventionalism it shows its connection to a positivist conception of law based on the exclusive social grounds of law. It offers shows how some paradigmatic cases of theoretical disagreements are not adequately explained by a legal theory committed with legal conventionalism. Based on these cases the text offers a general and preliminary conceptual scheme to understand Dworkin's criticism of legal conventionalism. Dworkin's approach is grounded on the analysis of the logical grammar presupposed by theoretical disagreement common in ordinary legal practice. Finally the essay points to the fact that legal conventionalism failed to cope with the Dworkinian challenge since it could not rightly take in consideration the kind of theoretical disagreements that are at stake in pivotal cases of legal practice.Keywords: Haitian immigrants; Inclusion; Human Dignity.
Políticas Culturales y Derechos Culturales a través de los Diablos de Ocumicho / Políticas Culturais e Direitos Culturais através dos Diabos do Ocumicho
Authors: Ibarra Rojas Lucero
Published: December 2016

Resumen: En las comunidades rurales de Michoacán, como en muchos estados de México, y especialmente en las indígenas, el sector artesanal es sumamente relevante; no solamente por ser usualmente la tercera actividad económica más importante sino también por constituir un espacio de creación íntimamente ligado con las estructuras sociales de las comunidades. Si bien el grupo de los artesanos suele tener un lugar propio en las sociedades rurales, su desarrollo y estructura actual ha dependido en gran medida de las influencias de instituciones estatales. Este artículo se enfoca en la comunidad de Ocumicho para explorar la manera en la que el contexto institucional determina las posibilidades y condiciones de ejercicio de derechos culturales. En esta interacción, entre comunidad artesanal e instituciones, se muestran los efectos de políticas clientelares que logran determinar en gran medida el camino del arte tradicional, su auditorio y el destino de las y los creadores.Keywords: Derechos culturales; Políticas públicas; Artesanía; Pueblos indígenas. Políticas Culturais e Direitos Culturais através dos Diabos do OcumichoResumo: Nas comunidades rurais de Michoacan, como em muitos estados do México e, especialmente nos indígenas, o sector artesanal é extremamente importante; não só como a terceira mais importante atividade econômica, mas também para proporcionar um espaço para a criação estreitamente ligado às estruturas sociais das comunidades. Enquanto o grupo de artesãos normalmente tem seu próprio lugar nas sociedades rurais, seudesenvolvimento e estrutura atual tem dependido fortemente sobre as influências das instituições do Estado. Este artigo centra-se na comunidade Ocumicho para explorar formas em que o contexto institucional determina as possibilidades e condições para o exercício dos direitos culturais. Nessa interação, entre comunidade e instituições, os efeitos das políticas clientelistas determinam o caminho da arte tradicional, a sua audiência e o destino dos criadores.Palavras-chave: Direitos culturais. Políticas públicas. Artes. Povos indígenas.
A Recepção dos Tratados de Direitos Humanos pelos Tribunais Nacionais: Sentenças Paradigmáticas de Colômbia, Argentina e Brasil / The Reception of Human Rights Treaties by Domestic Courts: Paradigmatic Judicial Decisions from Colombia, Argentina and Brazil
Authors: Maués Antonio Gomes Moreira , Magalhães Breno Baía
Published: December 2016

Resumo: O cumprimento efetivo de tratados internacionais de direitos humanos depende de fatores que não se limitam à sua incorporação ao direito interno. Para que haja uma recepção completa do tratado, os órgãos judiciais devem ser dotados de independência (exercício de suas funções de fiscalização dos demais poderes), os tratados devem possuir efeito direto (qualquer pessoa poderá utilizá-los em tribunais, independente de ação legislativa posterior) e os tribunais devem realizar uma interpretação conforme de suas disposições (compatibilização das normas internas com as internacionais, a fim de garantir o cumprimento de obrigações internacionais). Por meio do método comparado utilizado neste artigo, pode-se concluir que Argentina e Colômbia apresentam um grau maior de recepção da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos, não apenas porque a elevaram à categoria de norma constitucional, mas, principalmente, porque atribuem a ela efeito direto e aplicam a interpretação conforme. Apesar de atribuir efeito direto à Convenção Americana, o Supremo Tribunal Federal ainda não desenvolveu jurisprudência acerca da interpretação conforme, criando obstáculos à recepção e cumprimento efetivo do tratado.Palavras-chave: Tratados internacionais de direitos humanos; Independência judicial; Efeito direto; Interpretação conforme. Abstract: The effective implementation of international human rights treaties depends on factors that are not limited to its incorporation into domestic law. In order to have a complete reception of the treaty, courts must be provided with independency (exercise of its functions of government monitoring), treaties must have direct effect (anyone can use them in court, regardless of subsequent legislative action) and courts must perform a consistent interpretation of its provisions (internal standards in accordance with international ones, to ensure compliance with international obligations). By the comparative method used in this article, we can conclude that Argentina and Colombia show a greater reception of the American Convention on Human Rights, not only because they elevated it to the rank of constitutional law, but mainly because they give it direct effect and apply consistent interpretation. Although giving direct effect to the American Convention, the Brazilian Supreme Court has not yet developed a jurisprudence on consistent interpretation, creating obstacles to the reception and effective treaty implementation.Keywords: International Treaties on Human Rights; Judicial Independence; Direct Effect; Consistent Interpretation.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi dan Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Perkembangan Teknologi Pitalebar di Indonesia [Social Economy Impact and Local Government Initiative relating to Broadband Technology Development in Indonesia]
Authors: Pradono Wirianto
Published: December 2016

Indonesia memiliki aset yang berperan penting bagi pembangunan nasional termasuk sosial dan ekonomi antara lain sumber daya manusia dan industri dalam negeri. TIK khususnya internet pitalebar merupakan salah satu kunci dalam pembangunan sosial ekonomi di suatu negara. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana dampak pemanfaatan internet pitalebar di Indonesia terhadap aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat serta mengidentifikasi apakah langkah yang telah dilakukan pemerintah daerah dalam mendorong pemanfaatan internet pitalebar telah dilakukan secara optimal. Data yang diperoleh melalui penelitian dianalisis menggunakan metode Matthew B Miles dan A Michael Huberman, (2007). Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan internet pitalebar di Indonesia meningkat dengan signifikan dan memberikan dampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Namun demikian pemanfaatan internet pitalebar tersebut belum dilakukan secara optimal terutama untuk tujuan yang bersifat produktif. Pemerintah daerah telah melakukan sejumlah langkah strategis untuk mendorong pemanfaatan internet pitalebar di Indonesia seperti penggelaran ducting untuk kabel serat optik, pelatihan bidang TIK, penyediaan akses internet WiFi di fasilitas publik. Namun, langkah yang dilakukan pemerintah daerah perlu lebih diintensifkan guna memperluas penetrasi internet pitalebar untuk peningkatan dan pemerataan pertumbuhan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia.*****Indonesia has invaluable assets which are important to the national development. Those assets need to be managed properly in order to deliver significant contribution to the national development, especially in social and economy aspects. Nowadays, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially broadband internet, is one of some key points in social economy development in a country. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used in this study to capture broadband internet utilization in Indonesia and identify initiatives done by the local governments to achieve public welfare through broadband internet utilization. The results show that broadband internet usage in Indonesia increases rapidly and is followed by positive growth in social and economy aspects. Yet, broadband technology has not been optimally utilized, especially for productive purposes. A number of strategic initiatives has been taken by local governments to encourage broadband internet usage in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the initiatives from local governments need to be intensified in order to increase social and economical growth through the equitable distribution of broadband internet usage in all over Indonesia.
Diseño de una APP Móvil, una solución para el transporte público de Neiva
Authors: Villarreal Pazos Rodolfo Andrés
Published: December 2016

En este artículo se examina el grado de conocimiento y usabilidad del transporte público tradicional por parte de la comunidad, al igual que la necesidad de un una herramienta tecnológica como guía para el mismo. Con el objetivo de diseñar una aplicación móvil (app), como solución al transporte público de Neiva, y así fortalecer el SETP (Sistema Estratégico de Transporte Publico), en la comunidad Huilense; así como también, determinar la necesidad de una herramienta comunicativa.
Comisiones de la Verdad en América Latina. La Ilusión de un Nuevo Porvenir
Authors: Díaz Pérez Ivonne Leadith , Molina Valencia Nelson
Published: December 2016

Este es un artículo de revisión teórica, que presenta  la implementación del derecho a la verdad a través de la creación de las Comisiones de la Verdad (CV) en América Latina, surgidas como producto de acuerdos de paz o procesos transicionales. Las CV recibieron el encargo de investigar violaciones de los Derechos Humanos (DD.HH) y las infracciones cometidas al Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH) por dictaduras militares, regímenes autoritarios o conflictos armados internos. La revisión evidencia que además de los temas por los que se constituyen las Comisiones, éstas funcionan gracias a ocho condiciones: una duración específica, temas específicos, legitimidad, metodologías de trabajo concretas, medios de divulgación de resultados, atención a los procesos de Desarme-Desmovilización-Reintegración (DDR), y promoción de estrategias de reparación. La existencia de las CV si bien transforma los conflictos que atiende no alcanza como estrategia a la promoción integral de la convivencia.
Espacios privados y objetos públicos
Authors: Mesa Juan David
Published: December 2016

Reseña del libro:Guerrero, Mauricio (ed.) (2014). Objetos públicos, espacios privados. Usuarios y relaciones sociales en tres centros comerciales de Santiago de Cali. Cali: Universidad Icesi, pp. 158.
Sostenibilidad empresarial aplicada al Diseño Gráfico
Authors: Villarreal Pazos Rodolfo Andrés
Published: December 2016

El artículo presenta la llegada del nuevo milenio, un número cada vez mayor de empresarios se unieron a la aplicación del diseño sostenible que comenzó a replantearse en las empresas y el rol que juegan con el desarrollo del medio ambiente, el planeta y en la sociedad. Podemos decir que el diseño sostenible busca generar soluciones a través de servicios y estilos de vida, pero no exclusivamente a través de objetos. Con el fin de introducir una definición elaborada de diseño sostenible es necesario mencionar los sistemas sostenibles, que básicamente, se refieren a cualquier tipo de red o servicio social que puede existir y replicarse. Además de sistemas sostenibles hay otros principios dentro del diseño sostenible. Por último, cualquier tipo de resultado obtenido para satisfacer la necesidad debe ser sostenible a largo plazo entendiéndose como un proceso que permita una comunidad lograr un resultado a través de estrategias de diseño.
Evaluation of the effects of radiotherapy as a mode of treatment in management of advanced cancer cervix
Authors: BV Rajeshwari
Published: December 2016

Background: Throughout world over 500000 new cases of invasive cancer cervix are detected each year and account for 15% of new cancer and 200000 deaths annually. In India more than 90,000 women suffer annually from cervical cancer and mortality of them report in advanced stage of disease.Methods: All cases were investigated with routine hematological and biochemical examination, x-ray chest, and ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis before starting radiotherapy treatment. All patients were examined and staged clinically according to the International Federation of gynaecologists and Oncologists (FIGO) staging system.Results: Majority of the patients 50% were in stage III B, followed by stage III A about 21% and 20% in stage IIB. During follow up, in study group maximum number of patients about 76% presented with skin changes like dryness, erythema, discoloration, diarrhea in 40%, obstructive uropathy in 16%, and in 4% developed vaginal stenosis.Conclusions: Today, malignancy is the challenge not only to the gynecologist, radiation oncologist but also to the patient. But because of newer technique and advances in medical field update in infrastructure gives to the specialist new dimension to treat the patient as well as raise of hopes to the patient.
MRI versus clinical assessment in staging and response evaluation in locally advanced cervix cancer patients treated with concurrent chemo-radiation in a tertiary cancer center: a prospective study
Authors: Anand Aravindh Sivanandan , Abraham Mintu Mathew , Kuriakose Vipin George
Published: December 2016

Background: Carcinoma cervix is staged most commonly with FIGO staging even though it has a number of pitfalls, for standardization of treatment and epidemiological purpose. The objectives of this prospective study are to evaluate the role of MRI in staging of locally advanced cervix cancer and correlate with the FIGO staging and to assess the role of MRI in evaluating treatment response.Methods: 58 biopsy proved locally advanced carcinoma cervix patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria from January 2014 to October 2015 were recruited. After the standard pretreatment evaluation including MRI abdomen and pelvis patients were started on concurrent chemo-radiation. Pelvic External beam radiation (EBRT) to a dose of 45Gy/23 fractions for a period of 4.5 weeks with cisplatin 40mg/m2 weekly once. Followed by intracavitary brachytherapy HDR weekly once 7Gy/fraction x 3 fractions. Treatment response assessed as per RECIST criteria. As a part of follow up, three monthly clinical evaluation and 4-6 months MRI evaluation were done.Results: Agreement between MRI and clinical stage was evaluated by calculating the kappa value as the measure of agreement. The kappa value obtained was 0.18 which showed poor agreement between the two, while comparing clinical and MRI assessment with regard to treatment response, the kappa value obtained was 0.08 signifying poor agreement.Conclusions: Correlation of FIGO and MRI staging reveals significant discordance between the two and on further evaluation it is seen that MRI staging correlates well with the local recurrence of the disease.
Upper aero digestive tract cancers: epidemiological and histopathological aspects in Togo
Authors: Foma Winga , Amana Bathokedeou , Pegbessou Essobozou , Bissa Haréfétéguéna , Adam Saliou , Dolou Warou , Darré Tchin , Boko Essohanam , Kpemissi Eyawèlohn
Published: December 2016

Background: The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of cancer of the upper aero digestive tract (UAT) in a reference service in Togo.

Methods: It was a retrospective study about UAT cancers diagnosed in the ENT and maxillofacial surgery department of Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé in Togo from 1st January 2005 to 31 December 2014, or a period of 10 years.  

Results: The UAT cancers represented 0.3% of consultations and 64.8% of head and neck cancers. The average age of patients was 51.3 years (± 16.5) with extremes of 3 months and 86 years. The sex ratio was 1.77. Chronic smoking was found in 26.4% of patients with 1.6% of women; that of chronic alcoholism among 43.8% of which 7.7% of women and the simultaneous alcoolotabagisme in 20.9% of patients. The UAT cancers were dominated by cancers of the oral cavity (36.2%) with particularly a female predominance (53.2%), followed by the oropharynx (18.5%) and the larynx (18.1%). The squamous cell carcinoma was predominant in UAT cancers (83.5%) followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (8.9%) and adenocarcinoma (2.7%).

Conclusions: UAT cancers are the largest contingent of head and neck cancers in Togo. They occur most often in men from the fifties but there are a high proportion of women. Histology is dominated by squamous cell carcinoma.
Study of etiological factors in unilateral maxillary chronic sinusitis
Authors: Chandrika D. , G. S. Anantharaju
Published: December 2016

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is an extremely prevalent disorder which has significant effect on quality of life of affected individual. Varied symptomatology and varied etiology of unilateral chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis requires a comprehensive approach by otorhinolaryngologist. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the causative factor of unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis and to study clinical presentation of unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis.

Methods: 50 patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis were evaluated. All were subjected to detailed clinical history, ENT examination including complete orodental examination, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, intra oral peri apical radiographs, CT scan of para nasal sinuses.  

Results: Of total of 50 patients studied, gross deviated nasal septum (DNS) is commonest cause of chronic unilateral maxillary sinusitis followed by dental infection of upper premolars.

Conclusions: This study was carried out with an effort to find out etiology of unilateral chronic maxillary sinusitis as identification of etiology will help in successful outcome of the treatment.
Comparative study of intranasal hypertonic seawater saline versus intranasal normal saline in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Singh Roohie , Galagali Jeevan R. , Kumar Santosh , Bahurupi Yogesh , Chandrachood Mandar
Published: December 2016

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic disease with variable response to therapy. Nasal irrigation with saline, including hypertonic saline, has been recommended for sinonasal conditions.

Methods: All consecutive patients reporting with AR symptoms established by ARIA at a zonal and tertiary care referral hospital from July 1 to September 30, 2015 were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in Group A were treated with hypertonic seawater saline (HSS) 2.2% Group B with normal saline (NS) 0.9% respectively. Symptoms were assessed at the start of the treatment and after 2 months using 4 point scale.60 patients were included in final analysis.  

Results: The mean total nasal symptoms post treatment when compared to pre-treatment were low in both the groups [2.19 (pre- treatment) vs. 1.03 (post treatment) in Group A and 2.18 (pre-treatment) vs. 1.46 (post treatment) in Group B] and the difference was statistically significant for both groups (P =0.0001). On comparing post-treatment symptom scores between both groups, Group a benefitted more than Group B and it was statistically significant (P =0.002). The difference in individual symptom improvement (except sneezing) post treatment exhibited a statistical significance in Group A.No side-effects were seen with either of the sprays.

Conclusions: In our study, both treatments provided clinically meaningful responses, but the overall result favored HSS. Hence, HSS can be an effective and safe therapy for AR.
Incidence of frontal sinus aplasia in Indian population
Authors: Moideen Sanu P. , Afroze M. Khizer Hussain , M. Mohan , M. Regina , Sheriff Razal M. , Moideen Cini P.
Published: December 2016

Background: Aplasia or agenesis of frontal sinuses is not uncommon in the literature. Previous studies have shown unilateral aplasia varying from 1-10% and bilateral agenesis of frontal sinus in 3-10% of patients. It is critical for the operating surgeon to be well aware of the normal anatomy and the variations while doing procedures like endoscopic sinus surgeries, cranialisation of frontal sinuses, frontal sinus trephination, and during anterior skull base procedures. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the incidence of anatomic variations of frontal sinus among Indian populations.

Methods: We did a cross sectional study on computed tomography (CT) scan of head, nose and paranasal sinuses in 730 patients above the age of 10 years. We excluded pregnant ladies, patients with prior sinus surgeries, sinonasal tumors, nasal polyposis, craniofacial trauma.  

Results: We observed an incidence of 6.2% of unilateral aplasia of frontal sinus (2.2% in males and 4.0% in females, 3.7% right side and 2.5% left side) and 2.5% of bilateral frontal sinus aplasia (0.95% in males and 1.5% in females).

Conclusions: Frequent occurrence of frontal sinus aplasia highlights the need to gain a thorough knowledge of the normal anatomy and its variations in order to navigate safely through the nose during basic endoscopic sinus or anterior skull base surgeries to avoid complications.