bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervención positiva para la mejora de la salud mental en población clínica: Programa GROW, un estudio piloto
Authors: Tejada-Gallardo Claudia , Blasco-Belled Ana , Rufach-Molina Claudia , Palomares-Pérez Alba , Mateu Anna , Alsinet Carles
Published: December 2024

Investigaciones previas sugieren que centrarse en el bienestar junto con los tratamientos tradicionales puede ofrecer beneficios significativos para las personas con trastornos mentales. Sin embargo, históricamente los entornos clínicos se han centrado en reducir el afecto negativo en lugar de promover emociones positivas y un funcionamiento psicológico óptimo, como sugiere el modelo dual de salud mental. Este estudio piloto tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia del programa GROW, una intervención positiva, para mejorar el bienestar emocional, psicológico y social y al mismo tiempo reducir el malestar psicológico. Participantes procedentes del servicio de rehabilitación comunitaria de Lleida, España, realizaron el programa GROW (n = 58). Su salud mental positiva y su malestar psicológico se evaluaron antes y después del tratamiento a través de la prueba Wilcoxon. Los resultados indicaron mejoras significativas en varias dimensiones del bienestar (satisfacción con la vida, autoaceptación, relaciones positivas e integración social) junto con una reducción del malestar psicológico, particularmente en términos de estrés. Este estudio respalda la aplicabilidad del modelo dual en la evaluación de la efectividad del programa. Destaca el valioso papel de las intervenciones positivas para mejorar la salud mental entre las poblaciones clínicas, enfatizando la importancia de equilibrar los esfuerzos para aliviar el malestar psicológico con estrategias que fomenten el bienestar y el funcionamiento positivo.
O Ensino da Sociologia na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no Brasil
Authors: Sampaio Thiago Henrique
Published: December 2024

A Sociologia desempenha um papel crucial na formação dos estudantes, sendo uma disciplina obrigatória na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Recentemente, essa disciplina foi estendida à Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), com o objetivo de questionar a realidade vivida por esses educandos. A EJA é destinada a estudantes que não concluíram a Educação Básica no tempo regular, representando uma modalidade de ensino diferente da convencional. Neste contexto, analisamos criticamente o material de ensino das Ciências Humanas disponibilizado aos educandos da EJA no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Utilizando a lógica freiriana, examinamos como a disciplina de Sociologia pode ser um eixo de emancipação para os educandos, propondo melhorias na metodologia de ensino.
¿Tapajós vivo, Tapajós muerto? La disputa por la vida del río Tapajós desde el conflicto con la minería ilegal de oro en la Amazonia brasileña
Authors: Lima Nin Alice
Published: December 2024

Ese escrito parte del conflicto con la minería ilegal de oro en la región del Tapajós (Pará, Brasil) y la contaminación del río por mercurio con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre qué es lo que significa un río vivo. El abordaje se centra en buscar cómo el conflicto con la minería nos permite trazar coordenadas sobre lo que están diciendo los pueblos cuando dicen que quieren el Tapajós vivo, y de qué se trata la interdependencia humana y no-humana con el río. Para ello el escrito navega entre relatos de campo y diferentes bibliografías sobre el tema, tejiendo un acercamiento a la polifonía multiespecífica de la selva amazónica desde relaciones que, en medio a diversos conflictos socioambientales, siguen reproduciendo la vida en el río Tapajós.
Perspectivas desde la salud socioambiental sobre los extractivismos entre zonas de saqueo y zonas de acumulación
Authors: Ortega Elorza Laura Elena , Keppl Gabriel Adrián , Pacheco Magaña Lilian Erendira , Pereyra Horacio , Re Paula , Verzeñassi Damián
Published: December 2024

El extractivismo es una forma específica de acumulación, orientada por la lógica económica global, que trastoca de forma destructiva los territorios, la salud y la vida amplia. Su inmanente reproducción asimétrica de relaciones de dominación en el acceso, uso y transformación de la naturaleza produce zonas de acumulación de capital a costa del saqueo o apoderamiento violento de bienes naturales, territorios, cuerpos y trabajo. Anclado a un pasado colonialista, su emergencia como concepto manifiesta la complejidad tecnológica, política, económica, institucional y discursiva que enmarca una etapa sociohistórica de aceleramiento en la capacidad de la producción de daños. Las múltiples definiciones de extractivismo denotan discrepancias en los criterios analíticos y presentan un oscurecimiento en el abordaje de las repercusiones y desatenciones sociosanitarias complejas, lo que constituye nodos críticos para su examinación. Este trabajo busca analizar la pertinencia y operatividad de las categorías de extractivismo desde la salud socioambiental. A partir de experiencias de investigación que ilustran empíricamente la relación entre saqueo y acumulación del extractivismo, se proponen tres ejes analíticos desde un enfoque interdisciplinario: 1) caracterizar las condiciones que posibilitan el proceso extractivista; 2) describir la intensidad de daño a partir de las implicancias para la salud, el ambiente y los territorios; 3) analizar las asimetrías generadas en justicia ambiental. Los principales hallazgos resaltan que investigar los procesos extractivistas desde la perspectiva de salud socioambiental ofrece claves integradoras para comprender las crisis sociosanitaria y ambiental que generan, recuperando además procesos invisibilizados en su estudio.
Embaràs i risc: les ecografies obstètriques durant la gestació a Catalunya
Authors: Rosich-Soteras Arianna
Published: December 2024

La generalització de l’ecografia en el seguiment biomèdic de l’embaràs ha implicat unes transformacions a nivell obstètric, social, cultural i en la pròpia experiència corporal de l’embaràs. Aquesta recerca té per objectiu explorar i comprendre el paper de les ecografies obstètriques en l’embaràs a partir de l’anàlisi de les experiències de les dones embarassades, posant especial atenció a la manera com la realització d’ecografies intercedeix en la construcció del risc associat a l’embaràs. Per respondre aquesta qüestió s’ha realitzat una recerca etnogràfica basada en el treball de camp, i principalment, s’ha entrevistat en profunditat a onze dones embarassades. Com a conclusions s’observa com les gestants tenen interioritzada la concepció de l’embaràs com un procés «de risc» i, per tant, mostra com s’ha encarnat el procés de medicalització fruit de la naturalització del seu seguiment sanitari. La incorporació de pràctiques auto-regulatòries en els hàbits de la vida diària per minimitzar riscs de complicacions en el fetus, com a part del procés de biomedicalizació, fa que les embarassades es sentin responsables del seu compliment i del benestar del futur nadó. Finalment, s’observa com la tècnica ecogràfica permet concebre l’embaràs com a real, desplaça el coneixement corporal de l’embarassada cap al discurs tecnològic i biomèdic, i és utilitzada com a mitjà per a alleugerir les inquietuds respecte la salut i vida del fetus.
Ecologías insumisas. Antagonismos al geontopoder de la extracción petrolera (2023). Reseña del libro de Mauricio González González
Authors: Romero Laura
Published: December 2024

Reseña del libro Ecologías insumisas. Antagonismos al geontopoder de la extracción petrolera (2023). Reseña del libro de Mauricio González González.
Más allá de lo evidente: un análisis ecológico de la violencia doméstica en entornos vulnerables
Authors: Brito Jiménez Ivone , Rodríguez Ávila Nuria
Published: December 2024

En función del enfoque ecológico, las mujeres que han sido víctimas de violencia doméstica interpretan y experimentan su entorno de diversas maneras, identificando los factores individuales, familiares, comunitarios y sociales que contribuyen a la perpetuación de la violencia doméstica. Objetivo. Explorar los factores vinculados a la violencia doméstica desde la experiencia subjetiva de mujeres colombianas. Materiales y Métodos. La investigación se fundamentó en un análisis temático, el cual implicó la realización de entrevistas a profundidad con 30 mujeres del distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia. Estas entrevistas abordaron tanto las características sociodemográficas de las participantes como los factores asociados, desde la perspectiva del modelo ecológico de la violencia en el entorno doméstico. Resultados. Los temas asociados a la violencia doméstica como la edad, el estrato socioeconómico, el nivel educativo y los aportes económicos al hogar. Además, las experiencias pasadas en el conflicto interno armado de Colombia, las experiencias de violencia en el entorno doméstico, las estrategias de búsqueda de ayuda ante el Estado y otros factores pertinentes según el modelo ecológico. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos resaltan la complejidad y la interacción entre varios factores que contribuyen a la perpetuación de la violencia doméstica, subrayando la necesidad de abordarla de manera integral y multidimensional.
Estrategias de cuidado infantil de madres solteras frente a servicios de salud mercantilizados
Authors: Horta-Garduño Frida Emilia , Ramos-Gutiérrez Ybette Karen , Cazares Palacios Itzia María
Published: December 2024

Introducción. El aumento de precios del Hospital del Niño DIF, el cual brinda servicios de salud pública a la población infantil en la Ciudad de Pachuca, Hidalgo, México, ha dejado al descubierto afectaciones sociales y económicas en familias vulnerables mexicanas, como aquellas encabezadas por madres solteras. Objetivo. Conocer las estrategias para el cuidado de la salud de sus hijas e hijos que utilizan madres solteras con edades entre 20 a 50 años de la Ciudad de Pachuca, Hidalgo, México, tras el aumento de precios del hospital del niño DIF. Material y métodos. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa en la que a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas se recopiló la información. Se utilizó la estrategia en cadena para contactar a las participantes. Resultados. La estrategia principal utilizada por las participantes fue la búsqueda de ingresos extras para solventar los gastos que demanda cuidar la salud de sus hijas e hijos tras el aumento de tarifas del hospital, además de las redes de apoyo, principalmente familiares, en su carácter instrumental. Por otra parte, se aprecia que enfrentar estas dificultades genera estragos en la salud física y mental de las participantes. Conclusiones. Las madres se ven en la necesidad de generar estrategias funcionales en torno al cuidado de la salud de sus hijos, dejando a un lado su propio cuidado físico y mental, ya que para ellas es más importante mantener a sus hijos a salvo y con salud.
El concepto de alfabetización visual en la literatura especializada: una reflexión teórica en torno a su evolución en los últimos 50 años
Authors: Gregori Giralt Eva , Benítez Robles Carmen
Published: December 2024

A pesar de la importancia que la imagen tiene en la sociedad contemporánea, sigue habiendo debates sobre su definición y sobre la existencia de lenguajes estructurados que la utilicen como signo básico. La consecuencia inmediata de ello es que todo el mundo reconoce la necesidad de hablar de alfabetización visual pero pocos estudios logran un acuerdo sobre cuáles son aquellas características fundamentales que permiten organizar procesos de interpretación y formación en lo visual. Este artículo revisa las definiciones dadas al término por 156 documentos de la base de datos Education Resources Information Center entre 1969 y 2019. A partir del impacto de cada una, establecido por el número de citas recibidas, identifica los problemas clave de la expresión y cómo estos se han ido abordando a lo largo de los años. Los resultados de la investigación permiten reflexionar sobre qué es ser una persona alfabetizada en la actualidad.
Graduación oportuna para estudiantes de derecho: un estudio de caso en Chile
Authors: Sanhueza Olivares Guillermo , Anfossi-Albornoz María G.
Published: December 2024

De acuerdo con datos entregados por SIES, la duración formal de las carreras es sobrepasada por la duración real de éstas para gran parte del sistema de educación superior en Chile, situación que incide directamente en la titulación oportuna de los estudiantes.  En el ámbito del Derecho, la situación es aún más preocupante pues tanto las tasas de graduación como los tiempos de graduación están por fuera de los rangos promedio del sistema universitario. Este artículo, utilizando datos administrativos facilitados por la propia Universidad de las Américas en Santiago, analiza la situación actual en términos de tiempos y perfiles de los titulados, estableciendo asimismo algunos predictores detrás de una titulación oportuna para los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho. Nuestros resultados muestran que, de un total de 1.557 casos totales para el periodo de observación 2005-2014 (ambos, inclusive), solo 175 se titularon oportunamente (asumiendo que titulación oportuna = 6 años máximo), equivalentes a 11,2% de la cohorte, o bien a un 19,8% de los 883 que se titularon. El tiempo promedio de los 883 titulados fue de 7,69 años (desviación = 2,27 años). Este estudio puede servir para la propia Facultad de Derecho UDLA para determinar estrategias de aumentar los porcentajes de titulación oportuna; establecer qué perfil de estudiantes necesitan más apoyo durante la carrera; y, asimismo, ofrecer una contribución empírica a la literatura sobre educación superior en Chile, especialmente dentro de Derecho, donde los estudios empíricos son escasos (Carvajal, 2018).
Playing with Fire: Baby Firebugs in Gilded Age America
Authors: Gamber Wendy
Published: December 2024

Abstract: "Playing with Fire" examines child arsonists in the turn-of-the-century United States. Race, class, and gender often conspired to determine the "ages" of "baby firebugs" and hence their fates. At the same time, however, the disposition of various cases and children's own rationales illustrated the difficulties of distinguishing accidents from deliberate acts, fun from malicious intent, and play from crime. Reform school records and anecdotal accounts suggest that legal authorities and ordinary citizens treated child pickpockets differently than child arsonists. Children played with fire. Theft, however trifling, seemed more purposeful, more indicative of a life of crime.
Children of the Night: Bicycle Messengers in Washington, D.C., 1880–1920
Authors: Bloom John
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Children delivered packages as bicycle messengers throughout the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In no city was this more predominant than in Washington, D.C. There, due to a lack of local political control, children worked in a relatively unregulated labor environment. Often as independent contractors, child messengers in Washington experienced dangerous working conditions, made very little money, and were exposed to vice. Like other child laborers of this era, Progressive Era reformers turned their attention to child couriers in the District. Organizations like the National Child Labor Committee, in their effort to work on behalf of child welfare, placed the protection of childhood innocence at the center of their agenda. In the process, they centered the protection of white children in the the District. Washington, D.C., with its unique local political structure and its heavy reliance upon bicycle messengers at the turn of the twentieth century, provides a unique window into this particular aspect of child labor history.
Lichen on Stone: Aníbal Núñez as World-Ecological Poet
Authors: O'dwyer Manus
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Spanish poet Aníbal Núñez's (1944–1987) commitment to environmental issues has been noted by critics. In this article, however, I historicize Núñez's ecologism, reading him as a "world-ecological" poet whose position in a "semiperipheral" space undergoing rapid modernization allows for insights into the ecological and cultural traumas provoked by capitalist modernity, registering these traumas on both a thematic and a formal level. I will argue that the destabilization of poetic voice that marks his work, his use of irony, collage, and allegory, relate to the disorienting effects of rapid modernization, reflecting a profoundly critical view of the ways in which human and natural resources are set to work in capitalist economies, a perspective that radically decenters the human in ways that are pertinent to what is often termed the "Anthropocene." Abstract: Spanish poet Aníbal Núñez's (1944–1987) commitment to environmental issues has been noted by critics. In this article, however, I historicize Núñez's ecologism, reading him as a "world-ecological" poet whose position in a "semiperipheral" space undergoing rapid modernization allows for insights into the ecological and cultural traumas provoked by capitalist modernity, registering these traumas on both a thematic and a formal level. I will argue that the destabilization of poetic voice that marks his work, his use of irony, collage, and allegory relate to the disorienting effects of rapid modernization, reflecting a profoundly critical view of the ways in which human and natural resources are set to work in capitalist economies, a perspective that radically decenters the human in ways that are pertinent to what is often termed the "Anthropocene."
Almodóvar and la movida in El Ministerio del Tiempo : Queering or Pinkwashing the Spanish Democratic Transition?
Authors: Martínez Rodrigo López
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines the fictional renderings of Pedro Almódovar and la movida in the Spanish TV series El Ministerio del Tiempo (2015–2020). First, I analyze how El Ministerio champions the democratic transition as a period that set the foundations for a modern pluralistic Spain. Then, I examine how the series incorporates Almodóvar's Laberinto de pasiones (1982) into its story as a means of stressing the vital contribution of the underground scene to the renewal of post-Franco culture. I focus on El Ministerio 's portrayal of drag performances and the HIV/AIDS epidemic, highlighting the restaging of one of Almodóvar's earliest and most daring films, and thus showing how the series adjusts an emblematic example of counterculture to hegemonic accounts of the transition. Ultimately, I argue that El Ministerio assimilates sexual diversity and counterculture into a teleological rereading of Spanish history that celebrates the transition as the ultimate stage of individual freedom and national reconciliation. Abstract: This article examines the fictional renderings of Pedro Almódovar and la Movida in the Spanish TV series El Ministerio del Tiempo (2015–2020). First, I analyze how El Ministerio draws upon time travel and speculative fiction to champion the democratic transition as a period that set the foundations for a modern pluralistic Spain. Then, I examine how the series incorporates Almodóvar's Laberinto de pasiones (1982) into its story, recreating its narrative and aesthetic cues as a means of stressing the vital contribution of the underground scene to the post-Franco cultural renovation. I particularly focus on El Ministerio 's portrayal of drag performances and the HIV/AIDS epidemic, highlighting that it restages one of Almodóvar's earliest and most daring films through the lens of his later canonization as the quintessential Spanish auteur. In this way, I show that the series adjusts an emblematic example of counterculture to hegemonic accounts of the transition, realigning Laberinto with the goal of institutionalizing democratic culture and consolidating the nowadays much-questioned logic of consensus that guided state cultural policies during the 1980s. Ultimately, I argue that El Ministerio reintegrates sexual diversity and counterculture into a teleological rereading of Spanish history that celebrates the transition as the ultimate stage of individual freedom and national reconciliation.
Los muladares y las mujeres: Subaltern Spaces of Self-Abjection in the Spiritual Diary of Úrsula de Jesús
Authors: Wheeler Chloe
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The saliva of the worthless sinner, the kitchen-like boiling of souls in Hell, the ferocious mouth of a dragon: the spiritual diary of Úrsula de Jesús illuminates interior spaces as varied as they are fantastic and terrifying. Spanning the years 1650–1661, the Afro-Peruvian donada 's divine encounters in Lima's Convent of Santa Clara make exterior and visible the interior, invisible portions of Úrsula's context even as her story is mediated by a palimpsest of the nuns who recorded her visions. In dialogue with Kristeva's "abject" and Spivak's "subaltern," this article argues that Úrsula's spiritual diary can be seen to fashion a space of the spiritually abject, a space that dissolves boundaries between self and world even as its plurivocal form and subaltern subject complicate the idea of the literary abject itself. At the intersection of psychoanalytic and subaltern discourse, Úrsula's self-abjection gives voice to such currents in her narrative. Abstract: The saliva of the worthless sinner, the kitchen-like boiling of souls in Hell, the ferocious mouth of a dragon: the spiritual diary of Úrsula de Jesús illuminates interior spaces as varied as they are fantastic and terrifying. Spanning the years 1650–1661, the Afro-Peruvian donada's divine encounters in Lima's Convent of Santa Clara make exterior and visible the interior, invisible portions of Úrsula's context even as her story is mediated by a palimpsest of the nuns who recorded her visions. In dialogue with Kristeva's "abject" and Spivak's "subaltern," this article argues that Úrsula's spiritual diary can be seen to fashion a space of the spiritually abject, a space that dissolves boundaries between self and world even as its plurivocal form and subaltern subject complicate the idea of the literary abject itself. At the intersection of psychoanalytic and subaltern discourse, Úrsula's self-abjection gives voice to such currents in her narrative.
Selling Crime by Subscription: W. M. Jackson and the Club de Novelas Laberinto/Clube de Novelas Labirinto
Authors: Benedict Nora
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Detective fiction became a popular, and profitable, literary genre in Latin America during the twentieth century. This rise to prominence can be attributed to many factors, but one of the most salient is the rapid development and expansion of the Latin American publishing industry. In this paper I examine how one publishing house, W. M. Jackson, capitalized on these trends through the development of a book-of-the-month club centered on detective fiction: the Club de Novelas Laberinto in Mexico and Argentina and its sister organization, the Clube de Novelas Labirinto in Brazil. In particular, I show how this club accentuates W. M. Jackson’s keen eye for profitable business models in book publishing as well as this firm’s talent for identifying marketable trends in literature.
La Transición contada por ellas: el caso de El asesino tímido (2019) de Clara Usón
Authors: Martínez-Góngora Mar
Published: December 2024

RESUMEN: Clara Usón ofrece en El asesino tímido un recuento de los últimos años de la dictadura de Francisco Franco y del comienzo de la Transición, en el que los recuerdos autobiográficos se entrelazan con la identificación de la narradora con la figura de Sandra Mozarowski, actriz de películas de destape y supuesta amante del rey, fallecida en circunstancias extrañas, para establecer una visión de la memoria histórica determinada por el factor de género. Dicha visión complementa las críticas recientes de la narrativa triunfalista del periodo de la Transición, del llamado régimen del 78, así como de su cultura oficial, pretendidamente transgresora. Mediante su relato, la autora denuncia los límites de la tradición masculina en torno al suicidio, así como el fracaso del sistema político y legal para garantizar el fin de la represión franquista, al tiempo que subraya la contribución al cambio de las mujeres nacidas en la dictadura. Abstract: In El asesino tímido Clara Usón introduces an account of the last years of the Franco dictatorship and the beginning of the Transition. The account intertwines the author’s autobiographical memories with the narrator’s personal identification with the figure of Sandra Mozarowsky, an actress in “destape” films and the king’s rumored lover who died in strange circumstances, in order to establish a vision of historical memory determined by gender. This vision complements the recent critical turn against the triumphalist narrative of the Transition, the “Regime of 78,” as well as its supposedly transgressive official culture. By means of her story, the author denounces the limits of the masculine philosophical tradition of suicide and comments on the failure of the legal and political structures of the early democratic system to guarantee the end of Francoist repression. In doing so, she underlines the contribution to change made by women born during the dictatorship.
The Perils of Climate Alarmism
Authors: Riofrancos Thea
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This essay examines the relationship between regime type and climate action, challenging the notion that authoritarian governments are better equipped to address the climate crisis. The author argues that democracies possess unique advantages in managing complex environmental challenges through dynamic information flows, vertical accountability, and multiplex political temporality. While acknowledging China's significant progress in renewable energy deployment, the analysis emphasizes that these achievements stem from specific institutional features rather than from authoritarianism itself. The essay concludes that effective climate action requires connecting planetary well-being to tangible improvements in daily life through democratic processes, grassroots organization, and positive policy feedback loops.
A Reply to Our Critics
Authors: Lazar Nomi Claire , Wallace Jeremy
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This essay identifies four broad themes in the responses--by Ross Mittiga, Elisabeth Ellis, Thea Riofrancos, and Emilie Hafner-Burton and colleagues--to "Resisting the Authoritarian Temptation." First, this essay reiterates the utter seriousness with which the authors take the climate threat and the need for energy transition. Second, it strongly resists the charge that eco-authoritarianism is a strawman. Third, it addresses the critique that the authors have underplayed the fossil-fuel industry's role in climate politics, in both democratic and authoritarian contexts. And finally, the essay reassures our critics that we by no means endorse the institutional status quo. On the contrary, as "Resisting the Authoritarian Temptation" concludes, a key democratic strength is institutional dynamism and flexibility in the face of novel challenges. Climate change is a gargantuan challenge, but democracy offers the best available toolkit to address it.
Bookbinding and the Look of the Romantic-Era Novel
Authors: Eckert Lindsey
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The transition from buying books unbound or temporarily bound to buying them already bound represents a fundamental turning point in literary history, yet bookbinding's influence on the novel remains underexplored. This essay challenges two "truths" about the novel's material forms: first, that most Romantic-era readers would have purchased novels in unbound sheets or temporary board bindings, and second, that most historical readers would have viewed board bindings as "temporary." Using quantitative analysis of available datasets and bibliographic research on hundreds of volumes in their original bindings, the essay argues that novels were marketed to readers as ready-bound objects much earlier than is commonly understood.
A Short Ghostly Piece and an Interview with Artist Sheree Murphy
Authors: Murphy Sheree , Williams Aelwyn
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This piece and accompanying interview delve into the realms of memory, emotion, and the supernatural, presented here as a haunting personal journey . It offers a fusion of a short ghostly story and an enlightening interview with artist Sheree Murphy, whose work serves as a poignant testament to the experience of witnessing a loved one’s decline into dementia. Remembrance, depicted as a multifaceted phenomenon, transcends mere recollection to encompass feelings, emotions, thoughts, sounds, smells, all heartfelt . The narrative unfolds as a personal journey through dementia, providing insight into a world of hope, laughter, and extraordinary encounters, without avoiding the profound impact of dementia on individuals and families, highlighting the transformative power it holds over their lives. The artist shares her creative process in an insightful interview . Through her visual storytelling and vintage photography techniques, she sheds light on her grandmother’s haunting experiences with spectral figures during her time with dementia . Bridging the gap between the seen and the unseen, the work tries to capture the eerie ambiance of these encounters.
Enemies of “Excessive Liberty”: The Madero Revolution, Flexible Philosophy, and the Decline of the Partido Católico Nacional
Authors: Knoll Travis
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This article challenges longstanding binary explanations for the collapse of Mexico’s most important Catholic party, the Partido Católico Nacional (PCN). Most scholarship attributes the collapse either to the persecution of its democratic faction by Victoriano Huerta (1913–1914) or to longstanding political contradictions within the party itself. This article uses the party’s official paper, La Nación to argue that neither the PCN’s embrace of parliamentary rule nor alleged internal contradictions fully explain its fall and continued irrelevance after the Huerta dictatorship. The article elaborates on the guiding vision of ordered liberty shared by its various factions, a vision which justified both its embrace of Francisco I. Madero and its later embrace of Huerta. The PCN’s Catholic-infused vision of liberty made it open to democracy but also skeptical of Madero’s attempts to bring together a broad coalition which included culturally anticlerical elements of society. The importance even the allegedly “anti”-Huerta faction placed on ordered liberty shows through in its initial embrace of the Huerta regime well into 1913 when persecution and the PCN’s presidential aspirations soured the relationship.
Metasurface color filter arrays with a high efficiency and low color error
Authors: Sultan Mansoor A. , Thuringer Alex J. , Hastings J. Todd
Published: December 2024

Conventional digital cameras combine absorbing color filter arrays with
microlenses to achieve color imaging and improve efficiency. Such
cameras require multi-step and multi-material fabrication processes.
Several recent efforts have investigated metasurface-based color
routing to combine focusing with filtering in a single functional
layer with an improved efficiency. These approaches require
high-refractive index materials and deep sub-micron fabrication to
realize the metasurfaces. We present here an alternative, 2.5
dimensional metasurface that simultaneously provides both color
filtering and focusing, but requires only a low-refractive index
polymer and micron-scale patterning such that it is suitable for
replication by molding. Unlike Bayer filters, this metasurface
produces six independent spectra focused on nine monochrome pixels
yielding both a high efficiency and low color error. These
metasurfaces could be more photo-stable and thermally stable than
dye-based filters and less expensive to produce than conventional
arrays or metasurface color routers. Here, we characterize a
metasurface-based focusing color filter array prototyped using
two-photon lithography whose efficiencies are competitive with Bayer
filters and whose color error is comparable to the limit of human
perception.
Advanced EPISM approach for holographic stereogram generation utilizing neural radiance fields
Authors: Chang Hebin , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Yanan , Jing Tao , Hu Hairong , Wang Xuan , Fang Lulu , Jiang Xiaoyu , Wang Weifeng , Yan Xingpeng
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a synthetic holographic stereogram printing approach that integrates neural radiance fields (NeRF) with the effective perspective images segmentation and mosaicking (EPISM) method. Sparse perspectives of a 3D scene are captured through random sampling and used to train a NeRF model with multi-resolution hash encoding, enabling rapid construction of an implicit scene representation. The EPISM method calculates the camera pose parameters needed for parallax images, which are rendered through the trained neural network. These rendered images are then encoded using the EPISM process to generate a sequence of synthetic effective perspective images for direct exposure printing. Experimental results demonstrate that the integration of EPISM and NeRF effectively addresses challenges such as inefficient light field acquisition, low computational efficiency, and the limitations of traditional techniques. This approach ensures rapid computation, precise scene reconstruction, and high-quality hologram printing, offering an end-to-end solution for acquiring and printing high-fidelity synthetic holographic stereograms of real-world scenes.
Focusing and tight-focusing properties of radially polarized Bessel-Gaussian power-exponent-phase vortex beams
Authors: Liu Honglian , Zhu Yulin , Liu Jun , Wang Yuanxiang , Dou Jiantai , Li Bo , Hu Youyou
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the focusing and tight-focusing properties of radially polarized (RP) Bessel-Gaussian (BG) rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (RPVBs) were investigated theoretically and experimentally. Based on the theory of vector beam, the propagation and tight-focusing models were derived to reveal the focusing and tight-focusing properties of the RP-BG-RPVBs by numerical simulation. Then, the experimental setup was established to validate that the RP-BG-RPVBs presented the fan-shaped and polycyclic intensity distribution, which possessed the features of RP beams, BG beams, and RPVBs, similarly. Thus, for normal focusing, the RP-BG-RPVBs would turn into a ring at the focal plane, of which the ring radius is almost constant and independent of the topological charge. Meanwhile, for the tight-focus, there are a secondary ring and several dark cores around the central spot due to the longitudinal component of the tightly focused RP-BG-RPVBs, of which the petal number is also equal to the topological charge. These remarkable properties of the RP-BG-RPVBs may have potential applications in optical trapping of multiple particles and laser fabrication of chiral microstructures.
Attraction of microbubble at a fiber end face by the solute Marangoni force and its application as a tunable interferometer based on optical control
Authors: Qu Jian , Li TianYi , Liu Yi , Li Yan
Published: December 2024

In this Letter, we show the attraction of a microbubble at a fiber end face by the solute Marangoni force. The microbubble is formed by partial filling of an ethanol–water mixture in the microcavity that is spliced to the end face of a single-mode fiber. Due to different surface tension of ethanol and water, the uneven temperature gradient induced by a laser causes the non-uniform distribution of ethanol–water molecules on the bubble surface. As a result, the solute Marangoni force that is much larger than the buoyancy is generated and it presses the microbubble against the fiber end face. The microbubble forms a high-quality Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometer, and the interferometric phase can be adjusted by changing the solute Marangoni force that is influenced by the laser power. This Letter gives a new method to achieve a tunable interferometer based on optical control.
Multiple increases in the photosensitivity of an organic structure with double-distributed heterojunction
Authors: Pavlova Marina , Khorshev Nikita , Lamkin Ivan , Degterev Aleksandr , Zorin Ivan , Tarasov Alexandr , Levin Yevgeniy , Degtereva Mariya , Gubina Anastasia , Tarasov Sergey
Published: December 2024

The process of creating a photosensitive structure with a double-distributed heterojunction based on a combination of fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors (PC71BM and ITIC-F) is described in this work. P3HT was used as the donor in both layers. The spectral photosensitivity response of the resulting FTO/P3HT:ITIC-F/P3HT:PC71BM/InGaSn structure covers a wide range of 470–980 nm. The peak photosensitivity of the structure reaches 40.98 mA/W, which is many times higher than the values for structures based on individual layers and a blend of all materials in one bulk heterojunction. The studies and measurements show that such a structure can be used in optics and electronics to detect radiation in the visible and near-IR ranges. In addition, the principle of creating a double-distributed heterojunction structure used in this study can be applied to other organic materials to obtain previously unattainable performance levels.
Quantum nonlocal modulation cancelation with distributed clocks
Authors: Chapman Stephen D. , Seshadri Suparna , Lukens Joseph M. , Peters Nicholas A. , McKinney Jason D. , Weiner Andrew M. , Lu Hsuan-Hao
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate nonlocal modulation of entangled photons with truly distributed radio frequency (RF) clocks. Leveraging a custom radio-over-fiber (RFoF) system characterized via classical spectral interference, we validate its effectiveness for quantum networking by multiplexing the RFoF clock with one photon from a frequency-bin-entangled pair and distributing the coexisting quantum-classical signals over fiber. Phase modulation of the two photons reveals nonlocal correlations in excellent agreement with theory: in-phase modulation produces additional sidebands in the joint spectral intensity, while out-of-phase modulation is nonlocally canceled. Our simple, feedback-free design attains subpicosecond synchronization—namely, drift less than ∼0.5 ps in a 5.5 km fiber over 30 min (fractionally only ∼2×10−8 of the total fiber delay)—and should facilitate frequency-encoded quantum networking protocols such as high-dimensional quantum key distribution and entanglement swapping, unlocking frequency-bin qubits for practical quantum communications in deployed metropolitan-scale networks.
A framework for modelling desert locust population dynamics and large-scale dispersal
Authors: Retkute Renata , Thurston William , Cressman Keith , Gilligan Christopher A.
Published: December 2024

There is an urgent need for mathematical models that can be used to inform the deployment of surveillance, early warning and management systems for transboundary pest invasions. This is especially important for desert locust, one of the most dangerous migratory pests for smallholder farmers. During periods of desert locust upsurges and plagues, gregarious adult locusts form into swarms that are capable of long-range dispersal. Here we introduce a novel integrated modelling framework for use in predicting gregarious locust populations. The framework integrates the selection of breeding sites, maturation through egg, hopper and adult stages and swarm dispersal in search of areas suitable for feeding and breeding. Using a combination of concepts from epidemiological modelling, weather and environment data, together with an atmospheric transport model for swarm movement we provide a tool to forecast short- and long-term swarm movements. A principal aim of the framework is to provide a practical starting point for use in the next upsurge.
Optimisation strategies for directed evolution without sequencing
Authors: James Jessica , Towers Sebastian , Foerster Jakob , Steel Harrison
Published: December 2024

Directed evolution can enable engineering of biological systems with minimal knowledge of their underlying sequence-to-function relationships. A typical directed evolution process consists of iterative rounds of mutagenesis and selection that are designed to steer changes in a biological system (e.g. a protein) towards some functional goal. Much work has been done, particularly leveraging advancements in machine learning, to optimise the process of directed evolution. Many of these methods, however, require DNA sequencing and synthesis, making them resource-intensive and incompatible with developments in targeted in vivo mutagenesis. Operating within the experimental constraints of established sorting-based directed evolution techniques (e.g. Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting, FACS), we explore approaches for optimisation of directed evolution that could in future be implemented without sequencing information. We then expand our methods to the context of emerging experimental techniques in directed evolution, which allow for single-cell selection based on fitness objectives defined from any combination of measurable traits. Finally, we explore these alternative strategies on the GB1 and TrpB empirical landscapes, demonstrating that they could lead to up to 19-fold and 7-fold increases respectively in the probability of attaining the global fitness peak.
Effect of age and sex differences on the abundances of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells in non-diseased brain tissue
Authors: Autio-Kimura Arttu , Nevalainen Tapio , Hurme Mikko
Published: December 2024

Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases are influenced by the complex interplay of different cell types within the brain, and understanding the proportions and dynamics of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells is crucial for deciphering the mechanisms of these diseases. Certain risk factors, such as age and sex differences, are thought to play a significant role in the susceptibility, progression, and response to neurological disease. Therefore, investigation of age- and sex-related differences in cell type proportions is needed to elucidate the biological basis of these diseases. Advances in sequencing technology have enabled large-scale transcriptomic studies, such as the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, providing valuable resources for investigating the cellular landscape of the human brain. In this analysis, we used brain sample data from the GTEx project, comprising 1646 samples with an age range of 20–70 years. The relative abundance of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells was estimated from the RNA sequencing data using a deconvolution-based analysis. Spearman correlation analysis between the individuals’ calendar ages and cell type proportions revealed a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of neurons with increasing age. In contrast, the proportions of astrocytes and endothelial cells showed a significant increase. Furthermore, endothelial cells exhibited the strongest correlation coefficient, positively associating with age. In addition, the findings indicate sex-based differences in age-related changes to cell type proportions. An age-associated decrease in neuronal proportions was only observed in male donors, while no significant change was found in females. Additionally, an age-associated increase in astrocyte proportions was exclusively seen in males, whereas only females exhibited a significant increase in microglia proportions. Furthermore, we identified sex-based differences in baseline cell type proportions. Male originating samples exhibited higher proportions of excitatory neurons, while female samples showed higher proportions of microglia and endothelial cells. Our results show that both age and sex affect the proportions of cell types in non-diseased brain tissue samples. These findings contribute to our understanding of the effects of age and sex differences on the cellular composition of the brain and shed light on the potential roles of age and sex in neurological diseases.
Survival probabilities of thornback skate (Raja clavata) and spotted skate (Raja montagui) discarded by tickler chain beam trawl, pulse trawl, and flyshoot fisheries
Authors: Schram Edward , van de Pol Lennert , Bleeker Katinka , Molenaar Pieke , van Mens Allard , Poos Jan Jaap , Molla Gazi Karolina , Cornelisse Suzanne , van Dalen Pim , Suykerbuyk Wouter , Batsleer Jurgen
Published: December 2024

We measured discards survival probabilities of thornback (Raja clavata) and spotted skate (Raja montagui) in tickler chain beam trawling (5 trips, n = 183 for thornback skate, n = 137 for spotted skate), pulse beam trawling (9 trips, n = 94 for thornback skate) and flyshoot fishieres (4 trips, n = 137 for thornback skate, n = 24 for spotted skate). Survival probabilities were measured by captive observation for 15 to 25 days post catch. All fishery operations were conducted in the southern North Sea (ICES division 27.4.c) and in the Eastern English Channel (ICES division 27.7.d) according to the regular commercial practices of the fishing vessels. Trips were spread out over the seasons to account for the effect of variable environmental and fishing conditions on discards survival. Operational and environmental conditions during sea trips were recorded. For beam trawling survival probabilities (95% CI) were 50% (43–57) for thornback and 44% (37–54) for spotted skate. For pulse trawling, survival probability of thornback skate was 54% (40–65). For flyshooting survival probabilities were higher: 80% (73–87) for thornback and 75% (60–94) for spotted skate. Survival probabilities were significantly affected by gear, catch processing time, water temperature, wave height and the interaction between water temperature and wave height. We found no evidence for effects of species and length on survival probability. Vitality class provides a useful qualitative prediction of survival probability within gear. These findings are relevant for the fisheries management of skates stocks in the North Sea and English Channel.
Nomogram for predicting early death in elderly patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A population-based SEER study
Authors: Liang Qi-Wei , Gao Xi-Lin , Zhang Jun-wei
Published: December 2024

Background

The disease and mortality rates of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) stabilize after peaking at the age of 60 years. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with early death (death within 6 months) in elderly (≥60 years) patients with LSCC and to establish predictive nomograms to aid clinicians in developing individualized treatment plans.

Methods

Data pertaining to elderly patients with LSCC between 2004 and 2015 was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (version 8.4.0). Multiple logistic models were used to identify the independent risk factors associated with early mortality. The overall risk of early death was predicted using a web-based probability calculator and predictive nomogram. The cohort underwent decision curve analysis (DCA), calibration, and receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the clinical applicability and predictability of the models during the training and validation stages.

Results

This study included 10,031 patients, of which 1,711 (17.0%) experienced all-cause early death, and 1,129 died from cancer-specific causes. Patients with LSCC who had overlapping laryngeal lesions, advanced age, unmarried status, high tumour and node stages, presence of distant metastases, and lack of treatment were at risk for early death. According to the nomograms, the risk of all-cause death and cancer-specific early death had an area under the curve of 0.796 and 0.790, respectively. Internal validation and DCA revealed that the prediction model was accurate and could be applied clinically.

Conclusion

The study provides an overview of the characteristics of early death in patients with LSCC. Among the prognostic factors, T stage and radiotherapy demonstrated the strongest predictive value for early mortality, while marital status and tumor grade had the worst prognostic value. Two nomogram plots were constructed to facilitate accurate prediction of all-cause and cancer-specific early mortality within 6 months in elderly patients with LSCC, thereby helping clinicians in providing more personalised treatment plans.