bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular identification of dermatophytes isolated from sheep and goats in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Dalis JS , Kazeem HM , Chah KF , Salawudeen MT , Ahmad KH , Adamu J , Dashe YG , Sugun M , Benshak JA , Tyem D , Garba SY , Muhammed MM
Published: June 2024

Dermatophytosis is a contagious superficial mycosis caused by a group related fungi in the Genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. Early and accurate identification of the causative agent of dermatophytosis is essential for effective treatment and prevention of the disease. Genotypic techniques are more rapid, sensitive and specific than the conventional methods. However, there is a paucity of information on molecular characterization of dermatophytes from domesticated ruminants, particularly in northern Nigeria. The aim of this work was to carry out molecular identification of dermatophytes isolated from sheep and goats in Zaria. Ninety-four goats and 63 sheep skin scrapings were aseptically collected from suspected cases of deramtophytosis. Each specimen was processed for direct microscopic examination and, cultural isolation and phenotypic identification of etiologic agents. The identified dermatophyte isolates were subjected to DNA extraction followed by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of their ribosomal DNA. The dermatophytes were identified by comparing the sizes of the amplified ITS regions of each isolate with ITS regions sizes of dermatophytes reported in the literature. Out of the 34 dermatophyte isolates from both sheep and goats, 23 were phenotypically identified as Trichophyton mentagrophytes while 11 were T. verrucosum. The PCR based technique identified 23 of the isolates as T. mentagrophytes while 11 were identified as T. verrucosum in complete agreement with the culture method. The sizes of the ITS regions of all the T. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum were approximately 600bp except one isolate of T. mentagrophytes which had ITS region size of approximately 550bp. Trichophyton verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes isolated from sheep and goats were successfully identified by PCR method targeting the ITS regions of their ribosomal DNA. As far as we know, this is the first report of molecular identification of dermatophytes isolates from small ruminants in northern Nigeria.
Evaluation of sub-acute toxicity profile of Combretum dolichopetalum (E&L) methanol leaf extract in Wistar rats
Authors: Udeh NE , Onoja SO , Orji E , Ikpendu CN , Ifenkwe DC , Okpaga CS
Published: June 2024

This study evaluated the safety of the ethnomedicinal plant, Combretum. dolichopetalum methanol extract (CDME) in Wistar rats using the sub-acute toxicity model. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group A (control) received 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at 5 ml/kg, while groups B -D received CDME at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. All treatments were administered orally and once daily for 28 consecutive days. The haematological profile, liver and kidney function tests, lipid profile as well as antioxidant status were evaluated. The 50 mg/kg extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced the red blood cell count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, but had no effect on leucocytic profile of rats. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in leucocyte profile between the control and groups given the extract. At 200 mg/kg, CDME significantly (P<0.05) increased total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate transaminase (AST) compared to the control group. Triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) were significantly (P<0.05) increased by the extract at both 100 and 200 mg/kg while low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by the extract at those doses compared to the control. Urea level was significantly higher (P<0.05) in rats dosed at 100mg/kg while creatinine levels was not increased by the extract. The antioxidants Superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase were significantly (P<0.05) higher in rats at all doses of the extract while serum catalase level was significantly lower (P<0.05). We conclude that Combretum dolichopetalum could cause a reduction in erythrocyte parameters and should be administered with caution in anaemic conditions as well as in liver diseases.
Effect of anti-CD3-EGFR bispecific antibody-labeled DCCIK immune cells on proliferation of lung cancer cells
Authors: Li Minjie , Zhong Yuan
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of DC-CIK immune cells labeled with anti-CD3-EGFR bispecific antibody (BSAB) on the proliferation of  lung cancer (LC) cells in order to generate data useful for enhancing the therapy of LC.
Methods: The anti-CD3 and anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies were labeled on the surface of DC-CIK cells using chemical coupling  method. Successful preparation of anti-CD3-EGFR BSAB was determined using SDS-PAGE. Two groups of cells were used: labeled group  and a DC-CIK group. The cytotoxic effect on A549 LC cells was determined in vitro, and the tumor inhibition capacity was determined in 30 nude mice with LC.
Results: The killing rate of EGFR-positive A549 cells in labeled group was more severe than the killing rate in DC-CIK cells (p < 0.05).  Cellular growth rate was significantly lesser in labelled A549 LC cells than in DC-CIK group. After 2 months of treatment, nude mouse  tumor size in labeled group was smaller than the tumor volume in DC-CIK group. No obvious adverse reactions (ARs) were observed in both groups.
Conclusion: In vitro, CD3-EGFR BSAB-labeled DC-CIK immune cells produce cytotoxic effect and inhibit the proliferation of  LC cells, while in vivo studies reveal that the cells produce good therapeutic effect on LC.
Classification of Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: İnce Uğur , Karaduman Gülşah
Published: June 2024

With the digitalized world, the uninterrupted provision of services over the internet, especially in hospitals, banking, energy, etc. systems is of great importance. There are many attack methods to disrupt or disable these services. Denial of service attacks, which are one of these methods, are more complex and difficult to detect; Organizing such attacks becomes very easy and cost-effective thanks to many tools. Attackers can perform DDoS attacks on target systems with very little knowledge and skills, and they can render target systems inoperable, sometimes for a short time or for days. This work aims to use machine learning techniques to classify Ddos attacks with high accuracy. The CIC-DDoS2019 dataset, which is the most up-to-date and comprehensive attack dataset on the internet, was used. The data obtained after various data preprocessing processes were classified by machine learning methods and the accuracy rates, recall, f1-score and precision values in these methods were compared.
Some New Difference Sequence Spaces
Authors: Esi Ayhan
Published: June 2024

Our main aim of paper is to introduce some new difference sequence spaces and
some of basic inclusion properties will be taken care of.
Utilization of Polyimide Materials for Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Cholesterol
Authors: Emre Fatma Bilge
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study was to utilise a range of polyimide materials for the determination of cholesterol. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance produced by the liver and is essential for the construction of cells and the production of vitamins and other hormones. Blood cholesterol levels are an important parameter in the diagnosis and treatment of a number of clinical diseases, including arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular ailments, hypertension and others. Cholesterol levels in the blood were measured using a number of chemical and enzymatic methods. Electrochemical tests were conducted using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Time Base (TB) techniques. The surface morphologies of the modified electrode surfaces were examined in detail using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. In the enzymatic reaction, hydrogen peroxide was formed as a result of the enzymatic reaction between cholesterol and cholesterol oxidase, which was measured at 0.650–0.750 V against Ag/AgCl. In this study, poly[1,3,5-tri(aminophenyl)hegzahydro-1,3,5-pyromellithimide] and poly[2,4,6-triaminopirimidyn benzophenondiimide] were employed as polymeric materials to immobilise cholesterol oxidase. It was hypothesised that these two polyimides could be utilised as an appropriate medium for the immobilisation of cholesterol oxidase.
KARDIOVASKULÁRNÍ RIZIKO U PACIENTŮ HOSPITALIZOVANÝCH NA INTERNÍM ODDĚLENÍ: PRŮŘEZOVÁ STUDIE
Authors: Hujová Aneta , Zemanová Miroslava
Published: June 2024

Úvod: Nomogram SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation system) je jedním z nejpoužívanějších skórovacích systémů pro českou populaci. Tento systém identifikuje možný vznik fatální kardiovaskulární příhody v následujících 10 letech či ve věku 60 let, tak je možné odhalit i asymptomatické mladé jedince v nízkém kardiovaskulárním riziku, ovšem s nezdravým životním stylem, který může v budoucnu zapříčinit vznik vysokého kardiovaskulárního rizika.
Cíl: Cílem studie bylo stanovit procentuální kardiovaskulární riziko u pacientů hospitalizovaných na interním oddělení (n = 64, 44 % žen; 56 % mužů), kteří byli hospitalizováni od 1. 4. – 1. 11. 2023.
Metodika: Vstupní kritéria pro zařazení do studie: hospitalizace od 1. 4. – 1. 11. 2023; podepsání písemného informovaného souhlasu; neprodělané kardiovaskulární onemocnění; nediagnostikovaný diabetes mellitus I. a II. typu či nediagnostikované renální selhání. Data byla získána osobním rozhovorem (věk, abúzus kouření), poté byl změřen systolický krevní tlak. Následně byla odebrána venózní krev, ze které se stanovila hladina celkového cholesterolu (mmol/l). Všechny tyto údaje byly následně porovnány s Nomogramem SCORE pro vysoce rizikové země.
Výsledky: Z výsledků vyplývá, že více jak 57 % respondentů bylo bez rizika vzniku fatální kardiovaskulární příhody, 18,8 % ve středním riziku a ve vysokém riziku 23,5 %.
Závěr: Průměrné riziko vzniku kardiovaskulární příhody v následujících 10 letech či ve věku 60 let se u většiny pacientů pohybovalo v nízkém intervalu (0-2 %), ovšem pro stanovení přesných rizikových faktorů je nutné pokračovat ve výzkumu a rozšířit vzorek pacientů.
EFEKT PSYCHOEDUKAČNÝCH INTERVENCIÍ POSKYTOVANÝCH SESTRAMI PACIENTOM SO SCHIZOFRÉNIOU: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Valachovičová Liliana , Tomagová Martina
Published: June 2024

Východisko: Psychoedukácia má pre pacientov so schizofréniou mnohostranný význam. Je nevy-hnutnou súčasťou komplexnej starostlivosti o nich. Realizovaná je interdisciplinárnym tímom vrátene sestier.
Cieľ: Identifikovať efekt psychoedukácie realizovanej sestrami u pacientov so schizofréniou.
Metódy: Vyhľadávanie výskumných štúdií sa uskutočnilo v štyroch vedeckých multiodborových databázach, a to v PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect a v Scopus. Z celkového počtu 398 štúdií bolo 11 štúdií zaradených do obsahovej analýzy. Proces triedenia štúdií bol realizovaný prostredníctvom PRISMA diagramu.
Výsledky: V analyzovaných štúdiách bol identifikovaný efekt psychoedukácie, na ktorej realizácii participovali sestry, v nasledovnách oblastiach: zmiernenie symptómov schizofrénie, podpora kompliancie a adherencie pacientov, redukcia dĺžky hospitalizácie a rehospita-lizácie pacientov, zvýšenie vedomostí a vhľadu pacientov na ochorenie, zlepšenie ich sociálneho fungovania a podpora zdravého životného štýlu.
Závery: Výsledky poskytujú dôkazy pre realizáciu opakovanej psychoedukácie pacientov so schizofréniou v rámci ošetrovateľskej starostlivosti poskytovanej v rôznych prostrediach klinickej praxe. Vzhľadom na limitácie metodiky štúdie i metodologické limitácie vyhľadaných štúdií tieto výsledky nie je možné zovšeobecňovať.
Importância da amamentação materna na inclusão dos terceiros molares. Estudo numa população de jovens adultos portugueses
Authors: Couraceiro Luís , Santos António , F. Vinha Ana , Almeida-Dias António , Marini-Abreu Mário , Balboa José
Published: June 2024

Os terceiros molares são os últimos dentes a aparecerem na boca, muitas vezes não encontrando espaço suficiente para a sua erupção, permanecem retidos, por tecidos moles, ósseos ou ambos. Atualmente, a extração desses dentes é o procedimento cirúrgico mais comum, realizado na prática da Medicina Dentária. O objectivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre a amamentação e possível inclusão dos terceiros molares em 150 jovens adultos portugueses. Os resultados obtidos revelaram a importância da amamentação pela mama (natural), na estrutura maxilo-facial futura, bem como uma forte correlação estatística entre as variáveis em estudo. Neste estudo foi possível verificar uma associação significativa entre o período de amamentação natural e a presença dos terceiros molares na cavidade bucal (p<0,01) bem como uma uma associação entre o período de amamentação usando biberão com a presença dos terceiros molares (p<0,01). Os resultados observados manifestaram a importância do recurso ao aleitamento materno durante o máximo de tempo possível, revelando-se como uma mais-valia para o melhoramento da dentição e da cavidade maxilo-facial na idade adulta.
USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ACCOUNTING – ETHICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Belgrade Banking Academy, Budimir Nemanja
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a broad term for intelligent technologies capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. In the accounting sector, it is already being applied in various applications, such as process automation, data analysis, and decision-making. It is anticipated that the use of artificial intelligence in this sector will continue to expand in the future, as technology progresses and becomes increasingly accessible. With the increased adoption of artificial intelligence in society, including the accounting sector, various ethical issues and challenges arise. These issues may relate to data privacy, fairness of algorithms, transparency in decision-making, responsibility for the consequences of artificial intelligence implementation, and similar concerns. These dilemmas are particularly relevant in the context of accounting, where accuracy, reliability, and adherence to rules play a crucial role. Two key ethical questions have been identified in relation to the application of artificial intelligence in accounting: integrity and responsibility. Considering these aspects is crucial for the development of ethical guidelines and practices that will ensure responsible and transparent use of artificial intelligence in accounting.
DIGITAL PORTALS OF ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Jovanović Zoran
Published: June 2024

With the fourth industrial, i.e. digital revolution, we have a chance to catch up with developed countries. This technological revolution is fundamentally changing our lives, it is inevitable and unstoppable. The digitization process improves the standard and quality of life of citizens of every society. Efficiency increases, costs are reduced and new value is created in almost all areas of life and work. The digitization process is the most important catalyst for innovation, competitiveness and growth. Electronic administration gives state institutions the opportunity to provide services via the Internet to their citizens and the economy in an easy and simple way. This means cost reduction, optimal and efficient work and less crowding at the counters. In the paper, the author analyzes strategic documents important for the development of e-government, the current legal framework with special emphasis on digital portals of administrative bodies.
ADMINISTRATION CONTRACTS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Rapajić Milan
Published: June 2024

n the paper, the author deals with the topic of administration contacts, as the broadest category of contracts concluded by the state. In this sense, the term "administrative contracts" is narrower than the term "administration contracts". By the way, the administrative contract became a legal category with the adoption of the Law on General Administrative Procedure from 2016. Based on this Law, the administrative contract is concluded only when it is determined by a special law. The author expresses his opinion that the domestic legislator has not characterized any management contract as an administrative contract. The paper compares administration contracts - public procurement contracts, public service entrustment contracts and public-private partnership contracts with administrative contracts, analyzes their legal nature, but nevertheless concludes that despite the similarity of these administration contracts with administrative contracts, they are not administrative contracts
THE POLYGRAPH TESTING IN THE MACEDONIAN LEGISLATION
Authors:   University st. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Security in Skopje, North Macedonia, Krstevska Savovska Katerina
Published: June 2024

Despite the fact that the Law on Criminal Procedure (so called “current LCP”, adopted in 2010), does not contain provisions dedicated to the polygraph, the previous Law contained such provisions (so called “old LCP”, adopted in 1997). As for today, the polygraph testing is regulated in the Law on Police and in the Instruction on the manner of performing the polygraph testing and the content of the written consent for application of the polygraph technique. Based on the Law on Police, the polygraph testing – as one of the prescribed police powers – is undertaken for detection of a perpetrator of a criminal act. Concerning the report of the performed polygraph testing, the Instruction stipulates that it is not a mean of evidence in a court procedure, on a contrary – it is an orientation-elimination mean for finding evidence and discovering the perpetrator of the criminal act. Having in mind the above, the Paper shall give a special focus on the Macedonian legislation, i.e. laws and by-laws that address the issue of the polygraph testing.
LEGAL BASIS OF THE „FIND ME“ SERVICE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Milojević Marija
Published: June 2024

In the paper, the author presents the legal documents as the basis of the "Find me" service that was introduced into the legal system of the RS. In the Introduction, the concept and origin of the Amber Alert system, which exists around the world, is briefly explained. On the basis of the Amber Alert system, the idea of introducing a similar mechanism into Serbian law was born. Then, the author presented the way in which this public notification system in the case of minors was transformed from the very idea to the realization and final introduction in October 2023. After presenting some relevant international and national legal documents in the matter, we moved on to the analysis of specific legal provisions and by-laws that serve as a basis for the actions of competent authorities in accordance with the Amber Alert system. Legal sources are divided into those related to the actions of the police in a specific case, then regulations in the field of electronic communications as well as regulations in the field of media services. Instead of a conclusion, the author presented some plans and ideas for the eventual improvement of the "Find me" service, as well as some observations on the compliance of all legal sources that regulate the studied matter
Türkiye’nin Karadeniz Politikasının Rus Uzman Topluluğu Ve Devlet Yapıları Tarafından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Salıs Elena , Topal Coşkun
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin özellikle Karadeniz bölgesindeki dış politikasının Rus uzmanlar ve resmi kurumlar tarafından nasıl algılandığı analiz etmektedir. Araştırma, bu amaca ulaşmak için hem niteliksel hem de niceliksel içerik analizinden yararlanarak Türk dış politikasının gelişimini ve bunun bölgeye etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, Rusya'nın dış politika stratejisi geliştirme ve uluslararası süreç analizine odaklanan uzman raporları titizlikle incelenmekte; ayrıca Rus düşünce kuruluşları ve akademisyenlerin, Türk dış politikası özelde Karadeniz bölgesindeki yaklaşımına ilişkin bilimsel makaleleri kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmektedir.
Araştırmaya konu olan ve iki ülke ilişkilerinin gergin olduğu 2014 ve 2015 yıllarını kapsayan dönemde Rus uzmanlar, yorumlarında Türkiye'nin politikasını öngörülemez ve hatta maceracı olarak değerlendirmektedirler. Ancak, Rusya’da dış politika konusunda yorum yapan söz konusu uzmanlar, 2016'dan itibaren Türkiye ile Rusya arasında, özellikle Türk Akımı Doğal Gaz Boru Hattı ve Akkuyu Nükleer Santrali gibi enerji projelerinin yanı sıra Türkiye'nin S-400 savunma sistemi dâhil olmak üzere askeri ve teknik alanda daha olumlu bir işbirliğine doğru gidildiğine dikkat çekmektedirler.
Diğer yandan Rus bilim adamları, Kanal İstanbul projesinin Montrö Sözleşmesi üzerindeki olası etkisi üzerinde durmakta ve projenin, Rusya'nın Karadeniz Boğazlarındaki jeopolitik statüsünü olumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği değerlendirmesini yapmaktadırlar. Çalışmada, Rus bilim adamlarının değerlendirmelerindeki tutarsızlıklar da ortaya konmaktadır. Nitekim 2000-2012 arası dönemde söz konusu uzmanlar, Türkiye'nin Karadeniz politikasına ilişkin makalelerinde olumlu bir yaklaşım içindeyken, 2014 ve 2015 uçak krizi döneminde çalışmalarında olumsuz bir yaklaşım içine girmişlerdir.
Çalışmada ele alınan dönem açısından Rus uzman topluluğu ve devlet yapılarına ait yayınlarda, Türkiye'nin Karadeniz politikasında stratejik anlayış eksikliğine ve bu durumun Rusya için önemli jeopolitik sonuçlara yol açabileceği sonucuna varılmaktadır. Enerji ve askeri-teknik alanlarda durumsal işbirliğine vurgu yapılırken, Türkiye'nin dış politika ideolojisine yönelik kapsamlı bir yaklaşımın bulunmadığına dikkat çekilmektedir. Yine bu hususların göz ardı edilmesinin Rusya için zararlı jeopolitik sonuçlara, özellikle de Orta Asya ve Güney Kafkasya bölgeleri üzerindeki nüfuzunu kaybetmesine yol açabileceği sonucuna varılmaktadır.
Özetle çalışmada, Türkiye'nin Karadeniz politikası ve Türkiye-Rusya ilişkilerine yönelik olası jeopolitik etkilerinin, Rus uzman topluluğu ve devlet yapıları perspektifinden eleştirel bir değerlendirmesi ortaya konmaktadır.
Coğrafi Keşiflerden Günümüze Gana Ekonomisi: Genel Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Develi Erdem Selman , Şahin Seda
Published: June 2024

15. yüzyılda Altın Kıyısı’na ulaşan ilk Avrupalılar Portekizlilerdir. Ancak altın ve fildişi yönünden zengin olan Altın Kıyısı’nın daha sonra Atlantik köle ticaretinin de merkezi olması, diğer Avrupalıların da bu bölgeye gelmesine neden olmuştur. Portekiz’in dışında Hollanda, Danimarka, İsveç ve Prusya’nın ticari faaliyetlerde bulunduğu Altın Kıyısı, 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru İngiltere’nin kontrolü altına girmiştir. 1957 yılında İngiltere’den bağımsızlığını kazanan ve Gana adını alan bu ülke, yüzlerce yıl boyunca sömürülmesine rağmen hâlâ dünyanın en önemli altın üreticileri arasında yer almaktadır. Ancak özellikle altın, ham petrol ve kakao çekirdeği gibi önemli kaynaklara sahip olan Gana’nın, 21. yüzyıl itibarıyla incelenen temel makroekonomik göstergeler açısından ise geri planda kaldığı görülmektedir. Bu açıklamalar doğrultusunda bu çalışmanın iki önemli amacı bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, yaklaşık olarak beş yüz yıllık bir dönemde Gana’nın genel ekonomik görünümünü ana hatlarıyla ortaya koymaktır. İkincisi ise bu beş yüz yıllık dönemin üç döneme ayrılarak incelenebileceği (Coğrafi Keşiflerden bağımsızlığa, bağımsızlıktan 21. yüzyıla ve 21. yüzyıl) sonraki çalışmalar için bir temel oluşturmaktır.
Rekabet Stratejilerinin Örgütsel Performans Üzerindeki Etkisi: Üretim Sektörü Yöneticileri Arasında Bir Araştırma
Authors: Köse Ertuğrul
Published: June 2024

Bu araştırma, rekabet stratejilerinin örgütsel performans üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri çevrimiçi anket uygulaması kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Anket formları, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak İstanbul ili sınırları içerisinde üretim alanında faaliyet gösteren işletme yöneticilerine iletilmiştir. Anket formları 750 yöneticiye iletilmiş ve bunların 512'sinin istatistiksel analiz için geçerli olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Anket verileri SPSS paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Hipotez testleri için basit doğrusal regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz bulgularına göre rekabet stratejilerinden maliyet liderliği stratejisi ve farklılaştırma stratejisi örgütsel performans üzerinde pozitif etkide bulunurken, odaklanma stratejisinin ise, örgütsel performans üzerinde negatif etkide bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sağlık Çalışanlarının Dijital Yetkinlik Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Şahin Gizem
Published: June 2024

Dijitalleşme süreci ve beraberinde getirdiği yenilikçi teknolojiler çalışma hayatı ve toplumsal hayatı dönüştürmektedir. Bu dönüşüm dijital yetkinlikler ve dijital okuryazarlıkların geliştirilmesini gündeme getirmektedir. Yenilikçi teknolojilerin giderek yaygınlaşması, bu teknolojileri kullanacak çalışanların dijital yetkinlikler kazanmasını gerektirmektedir. Dijitalleşme sürecinin değişime neden olduğu sektörlerden biri de sağlık sektörüdür. Sağlık sektörünün merkezinde insan ve toplum sağlığının korunması yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle sağlık hizmetlerinin kaliteli, verimli ve hızlı olması önem taşımaktadır. Sağlık hizmetlerinin kaliteli, verimli ve hızlı şekilde sunulabilmesinin önemli araçlarından biri de dijital teknolojiler ve bu teknolojinin gerektirdiği yetkinliklere sahip çalışanlar olacaktır. Bu kapsamda sağlık çalışanlarının dijital yetkinliklerinin düzeylerinin belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel-tematik analiz uygulanmıştır. Araştırma İzmir ‘deki devlet hastanesi çalışanlarıyla özel hastane çalışanlarına uygulanmıştır. Devlet hastanesinden 6, özel hastaneden 10 çalışanla görüşülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin deşifresi ve analizi MAXQDA 24 programında yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sadece belli bir katılımcıya uygulanması araştırmanın sınırlılığını oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların dijitalleşme ve dijital yetkinlikle ilgili dikkat çekici görüşleri sonraki çalışmalara önemli katkılar sağlayabilir.
Metastasiertes Melanom: Neue Kombinationstherapien und ­Studienansätze
Authors: Scheel Christina H. , Dervenis Vasileios
Published: June 2024

Die Immuntherapie mittels Checkpoint-Inhibitoren und die zielgerichtete Therapie haben die Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanoms revolutioniert und einen anhaltenden Innovationsschub über die gesamte Bandbreite der Onkologie angestoßen. Dennoch bleiben primäre und sekundäre Resistenzen eine große Herausforderung. In diesem Beitrag berichten wir über neue Strategien, immunologisch „kalte“ in „heiße“ Tumoren zu verwandeln, von neoadjuvanter Therapie und immunmodulatorischen Maßnahmen bis hin zu Tumorimpfungen und zellulären Therapien.
Development of Problem-Based-Learning (PBL)-Oriented Electronic Student Worksheets (e-Worksheet) to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Class XI Senior High School Students on Factors that Influence Rate of Chemical Reactions Material
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Nur Hidayah Sasmira , Azizah Utiya ,   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia, Nasrudin Harun ,   Chemistry Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Education system changes from time to time, and with these changes, the existing curriculum in Indonesia also continues to undergo several curriculum updates. The Merdeka Curriculum is the answer to the high level of competition that occurs in the 21st century. Factors that influence the rate of chemical reactions are one of the materials in chemistry phase F of the Merdeka curriculum, which has abstract characteristics and requires experimentation. Based on these characteristics, the problem-based-learning (PBL) learning model is suitable for use and can improve students’ critical thinking skills. This research aims to determine the feasibility of developing a PBL-oriented student e-worksheet to improve critical thinking skills on factors that influence reaction rates. The method used in this research is R&D with a 4D model. The results obtained are that the student e-worksheet developed is feasible because the content and construct validity results obtained in mode 5 with a very valid category, then the practicality results obtained a response questionnaire score of 98.44%, which was supported by the results of the student activity sheets, and the effectiveness was obtained. From the data from the pretest and posttest results, which were analyzed using the SPSS Paired Sample t-Test, the results showed that there was an increase in students’ critical thinking skills, namely with a significance value of 0.00.
AI Agents in Intracortical Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Comprehensive Review and Proposed Integration Approach
Authors:   Headspace, San Francisco, California, USA, Chaturvedi Akhil
Published: June 2024

Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) such as those demonstrated by Neuralink have shown significant potential in enabling direct communication between the human brain and external devices. However, the complexity and high dimensionality of neural data pose challenges in interpreting and translating brain activity into meaningful commands. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of iBCIs, including advanced signal acquisition and decoding techniques, and explores the limitations of traditional approaches in achieving seamless brain-machine interaction. We propose a novel approach that leverages advanced AI agents, equipped with capabilities such as reflection, hierarchical planning, and decision-making, as an interface between the brain and iBCIs. By incorporating these advanced AI techniques, we aim to enhance the interpretation of neural signals, improve the efficiency of task execution, and provide a more intuitive and adaptable user experience to achieve goal-oriented outcomes from thoughts. The proposed approach is discussed in detail, highlighting its potential benefits and the challenges that need to be addressed. We conclude by outlining future research directions and the prospects of integrating advanced AI agents with iBCIs for various applications, including neurorehabilitation, assistive technologies, and human augmentation
Evaluation of the Commercial, Political and Social Determinants of the Zimbabwean Youths Food Choices and Health Capabilities: A Case of Gweru, Zimbabwe
Authors:   Midlands State University, Faculty of Education, Department of Science Technology and Design Education, Senior Lecturer. Zimbabwe, Usai Tecklah , Chinofunga Dorothy ,   Chinofunga Midlands State University, Faculty of Education, Department of Science Technology and Design Education, Lecturer, Zimbabwe, Mickelsson Martin ,   Uppsala University SWEDESD Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden, Oljans Emma ,   Uppsala University Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
Published: June 2024

Food availability, accessibility, and affordability do have a global impact on health and impair the quality of life of a substantial proportion of the world’s population. The Zimbabwean family’s eating habits are dependent on food accessibility, availability, and affordability. The youth’s eating habits are influenced by taste, cravings, religion, culture, tradition, and access to information on nutrition and health.
mHealth Technologies Leading to Better Maternal Health in Bihar, India
Authors:   mHealth Technologies Leading to Better Maternal Health in Bihar, India, Raj Papia
Published: June 2024

In an underdeveloped state like Bihar, women face double jeopardy because of poor health status and lower literacy rate. Hence, in this state maternal mortality is very high which affect overall societal status of women.
Predictive Analytics in E-Commerce: Maximizing Business Outcomes
Authors:   Software Development Engineer, USA, Jakkula Alok Reddy
Published: June 2024

The rapid growth of e-commerce has necessitated the adoption of advanced data analytics to remain competitive. Predictive analytics, which leverages historical data to forecast future trends, offers e-commerce businesses a significant edge in decision-making. This paper explores the application of predictive analytics in e-commerce, focusing on its impact on inventory management, customer behavior analysis, and sales forecasting. By integrating machine learning algorithms and big data techniques, e-commerce businesses can maximize their operational efficiency and enhance customer satisfaction. The findings underscore the transformative potential of predictive analytics in driving business outcomes.
Ropivacaine/Dexmedetomidine Scalp Block (Ro-Dex Technique) for Awake Surgery and Functional Stereotactic Surgery
Authors:   Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE, Mexico, Velázquez Carlos Erosa , Montero Erika Paola Uc ,   National Autonomous University of Mexico, Bautista Ivan Ledezma ,   Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE, Mexico
Published: June 2024

Introduction: In the realm of neurosurgery, optimizing patient comfort and procedural precision is paramount. Awake surgery, particularly in eloquent brain areas, demands meticulous pain management without compromising patient cooperation. The scalp block technique, specifically utilizing ropivacaine/ dexmedetomidine, shows promise in this context. This study explores the Ro-Dex technique’s efficacy in awake surgery and stereotactic procedures, aiming to improve outcomes and patient satisfaction. Material and Methods: This prospective observational study, conducted at CMN “20 de Noviembre,” assesses the Ro- Dex technique’s impact on perioperative outcomes. Patients undergoing awake surgery or stereotactic procedures received the Ro-Dex technique, while a control group received standard care. Data collection included pain scores, surgical duration, and patient satisfaction using the CRES-4 scale. Statistical analyses were performed using R Studio software. Design: The study enrolled patients aged 12 to 65 undergoing awake surgery or stereotactic procedures from January 2020 to June 2022. Exclusion criteria included psychiatric disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, and renal dysfunction. The Ro-Dex technique was administered preoperatively, and outcomes were compared with a control group. Discussion: The Ro-Dex technique demonstrated efficacy in reducing pain, surgical duration, and anesthetic requirements. Patient satisfaction was notably higher, indicating improved perioperative experiences. These findings suggest the Ro-Dex technique’s potential to enhance awake surgery and stereotactic procedures. Conclusion: The Ro-Dex technique holds promise as an adjunct in neurosurgical practice, offering improved pain management and patient satisfaction. Further multicenter studies are warranted to validate its efficacy and establish standardized protocols.
Loose human bones as evidence of the multi-step burial rite: Case study of the Stone Age hunter-gatherer sites at Dudka and Szczepanki, Masuria (northeastern Poland)
Authors: Bugajska Karolina
Published: June 2024

The Dudka and Szczepanki sites yielded numerous loose human bones. They were found at the main cemetery at Dudka and in all the main settlement zones and are connected with multi-step burial rites, which were practiced by local hunter-gatherer society, especially in the Para-Neolithic period. Loose human bones from the settlement areas result from two ritual practices: temporary burials and the storage of bones at the encampment. Temporary burials were deposited mostly in the eastern bay at Dudka (trench III) from the Early Mesolithic to classic Zedmar period, when a large increase in their number is observed. Temporary burials were deposited on the slope between the encampment and the lake. Most human remains from Szczepanki may also be interpreted as temporary burials, which were located on the shore or directly at the encampment. The evidence of frequent storage of bones, especially skulls, is documented for the encampment area in trench I at Dudka as well as for the settled plateau in trench III, but mainly in the post-Zedmar period. Loose human bones at the main cemetery at Dudka may be connected with different ritual activities as well. Some of the bones come from possible emptied graves, i.e. most bones of the deceased were intentionally removed from the graves. Single bones, especially skulls and mandibles, may have been deposited as secondary burials in small pits or directly on the ground of the cemetery.
The adornments of the Gravettian site Krems-Wachtberg in chronological and techno-cultural context
Authors: Kaudela Veronika
Published: June 2024

Adornments such as pendants, beads, and other perforated objects are an important finds category in Upper Paleolithic sites. Raw materials, production technology, and use-wear can tell us much about the objects and technocultural context of their carriers. Excavations from 2005–2015 at the Gravettian (Pavlovian) site of Krems-Wachtberg provided 110 objects which can be interpreted as adornments. They consist of mammoth ivory beads and pins, perforated canine teeth and molluscs, and fossil Serpulidae. More than half of these objects were found in the context of a double burial of infants. A recently conducted investigation describes all adornments and places them into a chronological and technological context. Analyses of all objects in this study were carried out using a Keyence VHX 7000 stereomicroscope. Micro photos were produced for all objects and allowed a wide range of measurements which would otherwise not have been possible to make considering the objects’ poor state of preservation. The produced micro photos will allow for additional non-destructive morphological analyses in the future. Information concerning the preservation of the raw material, use-wear, traces of production, method of perforation, fire exposure, and residues were collected in a database. The 53 mammoth ivory beads found in the double burial in particular allowed not only for reconstructing a chaîne opératoire for the manufacture, but provided interesting information regarding the objects’ lifecycle. Polishing on the bridges of some of the pendants’ perforations, presumably caused by a thread, and the location of the polished areas in relation to their positions show that some beads had already been worn before being deposited in the burial. This suggests that they were not explicitly made for the infants’ burial as previously suggested.
To the question of the thyroid function of the thyroid gland of pregnant women living in iodine-deficiency region (Republic of Dagestan, Akhtyn District, 1675 meters above sea level)
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Rajabova Sharipat Sh. , Tsarueva Tamara V. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Jalilova Albina N. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Jalilova Dinara N. ,   Dagestan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

The work shows that currently diseases associated with iodine deficiency in the diet are one of the most common non-communicable human diseases. Iodine deficiency contributes to a decrease in the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, during pregnancy leads to the formation of the neuropsychiatric status of the fetus. Thyroid pathology is more common in women than in men. During pregnancy, thyroid pathology increases dramatically – pregnancy itself is a provoking factor. One of the important reasons is the deterioration of the environmental and radiation situation, the changing nature of the population's diet. The impact of the ecosystem on the health of the population can be determined based on data on the incidence of thyroid diseases in women of reproductive age in rural areas with iodine deficiency. The article presents data on the examination and treatment of 120 pregnant women (First Trimester of pregnancy) aged 20–40 years who are registered in the women's clinic of the Akhtyn regional hospital.
Role of blood glucose self-monitoring in management of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Ivanovo State Medical University, Batrak Galina A. , Batrak Nataliya V. ,   Ivanovo State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder characterized by hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy that does not meet the criteria of manifest diabetes mellitus (DM). The GDM decompensation can be a common cause of perinatal mortality. GDM is associated with higher rates of preeclampsia and eclampsia, which require emergency caesarean section [1]. Contemporary approach to GDM management includes the need for mandatory self-monitoring of blood glucose. The target blood glucose range cannot be achieved without self-monitoring of blood glucose done by the pregnant woman at home. Glycemic control during pregnancy should be accurate, simple and user-friendly, allowing the pregnant woman to adjust insulin therapy for GDM by herself. Choosing a blood glucose meter is one of the major aspects of blood glucose self-monitoring. From the physician's perspective, compliance with accuracy standards is the most important criterion for blood glucose meter selection, while from the patient’s perspective, the most important criteria are user friendliness, and simplicity of use. Blood glucose level measurement accuracy is improved, and self-monitoring of blood glucose becomes easier due to technical improvements, which results in improved adherence to treatment and higher therapy efficacy. Achieving and maintaining glycemic targets are impossible without active and meaningful participation of the patient with GDM, as well as without self-monitoring of blood glucose with precise and user-friendly blood glucose meter, such as Contour Plus One.
Hanefî Mezhebine Göre İtikâf İbadeti
Authors: Çöklü Ramazan
Published: June 2024

İslâm fıkhının temel paydalarından biri, ibadetlerdir. İnsanın bir ömür boyu devam eden kulluk serüveni ancak ibadetler ile anlam kazanır. Fani dünya hayatında aslî görevini gerektiği şekilde yerine getirmek isteyen insa-noğlunun icra ettiği ibadetlerden biri de itikâftır. Öyle ki kul itikâfta inzivaya çekilir, dünyalık zevk ve arzulardan arınarak Rabbine yanaşır. Böyle bir ibadetin maksadına ulaştırması için şartlarıyla ve rükünleriyle birlikte icra edilmesi gerekir. İşte bu araştırmada Hanefî mezhebine göre itikâf ibadetiyle ilgili meseleler açıklanmıştır. Başta Hanefî mezhebi imamları olmak üzere pek çok fakihin görüşüne yer verilmiştir. Bir mezhebin itikâf ibadetiyle ilgili görüşlerinin derli toplu ve detaylı bir şekilde incelendiği ilk Türkçe akademik çalışmalardan olan bu araştırma, meselelerin fıkıh usulündeki dayanaklarıyla birlikte açıklanması nedeniyle ayrıca önemlidir. Araştırma boyunca Hanefî mezhebinin fıkıh kaynakları kullanılmış, fakihlerin aynı görüşte olduğu meseleler konuyu deliliyle birlikte açıklayan ve usuldeki dayanağını ortaya koyan kaynaktan verilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra meselelerin temelinde yer alan ve fakihlerin ihtilaf etmesine neden olan rivayetler ile usul konularına değinilmiştir. Araştırmada önce itikâfın tanımı yapılmış, akabinde hükmü ve kısımları açıklanmıştır. Ardından itikâfın şartlarının incelendiği araştırmada son olarak itikâfı bozan şeylere yer verilmiştir.
NEVRUZ FESTİVAL İN TURKİC PEOPLES AND TURKEY
Authors: Гюндогду Абдуллах
Published: June 2024

Although mythology, that is, shorthand for unknown times, unusually conveys everyday life with the help of symbols, it cyclically tells about the creation of the world and the apocalypse. The mythology of the steppe peoples also transmits their early times from generation to generation in the form of oral culture. This oral culture is a product of a nomadic lifestyle with livestock farming. Steppe peoples have their unique perception of time and the universe in their mythologies. Nauryz culture also reflects their perception of the universe and time. The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of the Nauryz holiday, personifying spring and fertility, the new year, and the beginning of the year, in the culture of the Turkish people, which is filled with meanings and elements symbolizing spring, the joy of life, water and sacred purification, renewal, abundance, fertility, and awakening of nature. The time of the awakening of nature has been celebrated at various times in agricultural and livestock societies since ancient times. Nauryz is a widely celebrated holiday among the peoples of Eurasia, who devote their lives mainly to animal husbandry. Although the Turkic peoples living throughout Eurasia celebrate Nauryz in different ways and continues to exist as a common value.
This study will examine the origins of the Nauryz holiday among the steppe peoples and the Turkic world, as well as its development among the Ottoman Turks and Turkey in the light of some archival documents, as well as research and source studies.
PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUOCONFLICTOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF LAWYERS: MODERN CHALLENGES AND REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Жанжигитов Сырым
Published: June 2024

In today's multilingual and multicultural world, where globalization and intercultural contacts are becoming more widespread, linguistic and conflict-related competencies of lawyers come to the fore as key factors for professional success and effective interaction. The study highlights the need for a deep understanding of cultural and linguistic nuances in legal practice. The main purpose of this study is to analyze modern strategies and approaches to the progress of linguistic and conflict-related competencies of lawyers. The research is based on a set of methodological approaches, including a review of relevant literature, conducting surveys among lawyers, and experiments among law students. Surveys and experiments have identified key areas for further studying the impact of intercultural communication and conflict management on the professional activities of lawyers. In particular, the effectiveness of educational programs and pieces of training aimed at developing intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication skills was evaluated. The study confirms the importance of developing linguistic and conflict-related competencies for lawyers in the context of globalization and cultural diversity. The results of the study serve as a basis for improving educational programs and preparing lawyers for successful work, emphasizing the need to adapt cultural and linguistic competencies in professional activities.
ВНЕДРЕНИЕ МОДЕЛИ МЕНТОРСТВА МОЛОДЫХ УЧЕНЫХ (В НАЧАЛЕ ИХ НАУЧНОЙ КАРЬЕРЫ) РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ВУЗОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН ДЛЯ РАСКРЫТИЯ НАУЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА
Authors: Майдангалиева Жумагуль , Идрисов Саламат , Кузембаева Гульжана , Ташмухамбетов Бауыржан
Published: June 2024

Для преодоления критической ситуации, связанной с уменьшением притока молодых ученых в науку, в Республике Казахстан предпринимаются меры государственной и вузовской поддержки молодых ученых. Цель исследования заключается в предложении новой меры в виде разработки более эффективного механизма раскрытия научного потенциала молодых ученых. Основным методом его разработки явилось моделирование менторства в ряду других описанных в статье методов исследования для его внедрения в региональные вузы Западного Казахстана (Уральск, Актобе, Атырау, Актау). Особенностью авторской модели менторства является ее направленность на молодых ученых, находящихся в начале своей научной карьеры (магистры/не докторанты). Результатами внедрения модели менторства являются повышение индивидуальных наукометрических показателей молодых ученых, развитие научной репутации и этики молодых ученых, повышение уровня формирования карьерной направленности личности молодого ученого и др. Теоретическая значимость исследования состоит в обосновании процесса внедрения модели менторства (ее цели, задач, условиях и результатах), практическая значимость представлена в виде наглядного и подробного отражения трехлетнего опыта внедрения предлагаемой модели менторства на сайте проекта (https://yresearch.kz/). Разработанный авторами новый механизм призван оказать деятельное содействие в раскрытии научного потенциала молодых ученых, что позволит данной дополнительной мере занять особое место в ряду других мер государственной и вузовской поддержки в раскрытии научного потенциала молодых ученых.