bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Well-Demarcated Midline Brainstem Lesion Successfully Resected through a Midline Pontine Splitting Approach
Authors: Chiba Kentaro , Aihara Yasuo , Kawamata Takakazu
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Surgical approaches to intrinsic pontine lesions are technically difficult and prone to complications. The surgical approach to the brainstem through midline pontine splitting is regarded as safe since there are no crossing vital fibers in the midline between the abducens nuclei at the facial colliculi in the pons and the oculomotor nucleus in the midbrain, although its actual utilization has not been reported previously. Case Presentation: A 6-year-old boy presented with a large intrinsic cystic lesion in the pons. We successfully achieved gross total removal via the median sulcus of the fourth ventricle. The fixation in adduction and limitation of abduction were newly observed in the left eye after surgery. Discussion: The advantage of the surgical approach through the median sulcus is the longer line of dissection in an axial direction and the gain of a wider operative view. On the other hand, the disadvantage of this approach is the limited orientation and view toward lateral side and a possible impairment of the medial longitudinal fasciculi and paramedian pontine reticular formation, which are located lateral to the midline sulcus bilaterally and are easily affected via the median sulcus of the fourth ventricular floor. Ongoing developments in intraoperative neuro-monitoring and navigation systems are expected to enhance this promising approach, resulting in a safer and less complicated procedure in the future. Conclusion: The surgical approach through midline pontine splitting is suitable for midline and deep locations of relatively large pontine lesions that necessitate a wider surgical window.
El problema de la representación de la naturaleza: las entidades naturales dentro los modelos de experimentación
Authors: Márquez Mónica María
Published: December 2020

Los sistemas de experimentación en laboratorio involucran entidades naturales que son estandarizadas aludiendo a su alta transformación, en sucesivos procesos de purificación y selección (Kohler, 1994). Karin Knorr-Cetina (1999) se refiere a entidades homogéneas singulares llegando a constituir unas totalmente diferentes de aquellas entidades naturales. Márquez (2007) describe esto como un proceso de abstracción donde se reduce la complejidad a características elegidas y como consecuencia son representaciones idealizadas que corresponden a caracteres seleccionados y abstraídos del individuo como tal. Son formas estandarizadas de entidades vivas que tienen una función inferencial: desde los datos obtenidos en el individuo estandarizado en condiciones de laboratorio hacia los organismos que están por “fuera del laboratorio” derivándose datos que serán utilizados en las inferencias. Hans Jorg Rheinberger (1997) afirma respecto al problema de la experimentación y respecto a la representación de la naturaleza, que un modelo de representación sucede a otro, en una cadena que nunca llega a referirse a una realidad natural como tal Este articulo expone el problema que existe en la representación de la naturaleza que pretende la ciencia. Se concluye que las inferencias que de las teorías se derivan sobre la realidad estarían restringidas por un modelo de representación que es parte de otro modelo dentro del laboratorio y en este sentido no darían cuenta de una realidad natural como referente.
Association between cigarette use and adolescents’ behavior
Authors: Colares Viviane , Lisboa Jonathan Lopes de , Zarzar Patricia Maria Pereira de Araújo , Santo Carolina da Franca Bandeira Ferreira , Valença Paula Andréa de Melo , Menezes Valdenice Aparecida de , Cruz Jamile Francelino
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cigarette use among adolescents and to identify associated health risk behaviors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample, composed of 1059 adolescents between 13 and 19 years old, enrolled in primary and secondary public schools of Olinda, Pernambuco, in 2014. Information was obtained through self-administered questionnaires (validated version of YRBS 2007). Cigarette experimentation was defined as smoking at least once in life. Adolescents who smoked at least one day within 30 days prior to the survey were considered current smokers. Most students were female and 16 years old or older. RESULTS: Almost 30% used it in life and about 10% smoked within the 30 days before the survey. Suicidal ideation (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.25–1.82), alcohol use (PR = 1.41, 95%CI 1.03–1.92), marijuana (PR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.37–1.96), excessive alcohol consumption (PR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.15–2.16) and sexual experience (PR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.43–2.21) have increased the risk of using cigarettes. Feelings of sadness (PR = 1.70, 95%CI 1.22–2.36), alcohol use (PR=2.40, 95%CI 1.12–5.12), excessive alcohol consumption (PR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.24–5.38), marijuana (PR = 2.31, 95%CI.57–3.39) and cocaine (PR = 1.99, 95%CI.32–3.01) increased the risk of cigarette use within the 30 days before the survey. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette use among adolescents from Olinda was high, being considered higher than the national prevalence. Possible factors associated with cigarette use were drug use (alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine) and behaviors related to sexual experience, feelings of sadness and suicidal ideation.
Apontamentos para estudo de sistemas de saúde
Authors: Onocko-Campos Rosana Teresa , Campos Gastão Wagner de Sousa , Amaral Carlos Eduardo Menezes , Tanaka Oswaldo Yoshimi
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Apresentar a abordagem metodológica utilizada em pesquisa que analisou a utilização e o funcionamento da atenção especializada, partindo do acesso via atenção básica, em quatro grandes cidades brasileiras: Fortaleza (CE), Campinas (SP), São Paulo (SP) e Porto Alegre (RS). MÉTODOS: Apresentação e discussão dos componentes quanti-qualitativos da estratégia de pesquisa proposta. RESULTADOS: Foram estudadas quatro condições traçadoras: hipertensão arterial grave, gravidez de alto risco, câncer de mama e transtorno mental grave. Para cada agravo foram construídos indicadores a partir de dados dos sistemas de informação de saúde destacando frequências, tendência temporal e diferenças por localidade. Essa contextualização inicial foi enriquecida com um estudo descritivo-qualitativo do funcionamento de cada rede municipal de serviços. A seguir, realizou-se um estudo transversal por meio de inquérito com 7.053 usuários dos serviços especializados para cada agravo. Por fim, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com atores-chave para complementar aspectos operacionais selecionados da rede de cada município. Os resultados de todas essas fontes de dados foram triangulados, permitindo explorar a variabilidade das implantações do SUS em diferentes cenários regionais. CONCLUSÕES: O modelo analítico multifacetado apresentado permite compreender aspectos relevantes do funcionamento do Sistema Único de Saúde, atentando para as singularidades, heterogeneidades e desigualdades que caracterizam sua implantação no Brasil e destacando o funcionamento das redes locais para os agravos estudados.
GROUP AS AN OBJECT: IMMATURITY OR DESTRUCTION?
Authors: Lisova Ekaterina N.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The study of the “pole” of a group as an object is important for a more complete understanding of the patterns of the group’s development. Information about the incompleteness and impermanence of the subjective manifestation of a group has not yet been considered from the standpoint of different forms of its function as an object. Understanding of the essence of groups that have not developed subjective potential is limited. Objective. To develop an appropriate system-subject approach to the theoretical foundations of the study of the group as an object. Method. Theoretical analysis of the group as an object from the standpoint of a system-subject approach. Results. The article describes the features of the group as an object, reflecting not only internal but also external connections, the underdevelopment of various forms of activity, and moral and psychological damage to the community and its social environment. External and intra-group factors of the group as an object were considered, showing the effect of the protective mechanisms of its development. The forms of the group as an object were identified, taking into account the coverage of group life, the stability of its manifestation, and the stage of group functioning. Conclusion. A comprehensive analysis of intra- and inter-group factors and attributes of the group as an object allows us to test whether its manifestations are signs of its immaturity or of its destruction. The stability of “objectness” as a variant of immaturity or of destruction of the group is a promising direction of study.
IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS: THEORETICAL REVIEW OF STUDIES
Authors: Tvardovskaya Alla A. , Gabdulkhakov Valerian F. , Novik Natalya N. , Garifullina Almira M.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The increase of children interest in entertainment TV programs, mobile applications and video games available on the internet causes a significant decrease in their physical activity: children get used to a sedentary or lying down lifestyle. The research problem lies in the contradiction that arises due to understanding of the positive effect of physical activity on the development of the regulatory functions of a preschooler, and a significant decrease in this activity in the digital conditions of the modern educational environment. The relevance and prospects of the study of the relationship between regulatory functions and physical activity of preschool children in new digital environment are not yet fully realized. The objective of the paper is to review the studies by foreign scientists in order to identify and describe relevant indicators of physical activity in preschool children interrelated with the main components of regulatory functions (inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). Method. A theoretical review of research papers published over the past ten years (2010–2020) on the subject of relationship of various physical activity indicators and regulatory functions in preschool children. Results. The paper provides a comparative analysis of studies conducted by foreign authors. It allows to reveal basic indicators of physical activity in children which are essential for the development of regulatory functions (sufficiency of physical activity; age-related appropriateness; the nature of physical activity; the form of physical activity arrangement), and particular indicators (the relationship of physical activity and regulatory functions in various sports, duration and intensity of physical activity, the availability of software for the development of physical activity in preschool children) as well. Conclusions. The review showed that the majority of the authors emphasized the significant role of basic physical activity indicators and their influence on regulatory functions. Aerobic exercises are the most effective in the development of regulatory functions in preschool children. Particular indicators are selected from the studies of the development of regulatory functions in specific sports (football, karate, yoga, mini-trampoline), and additional research on the duration and intensity of physical activity is needed.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AID FOR CHILDREN INFECTED WITH COVID-19 IN “RED ZONE” IN THE CONTEXT OF ILLNESS OF CLOSE ADULTS
Authors: Sviridova Tatiana V. , Lazurenko Svetlana B. , Venger A.L. , Fisenko A.P. , Dolgikh Alexandra G.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. The article defines the first-ever directions of psychological aid for children infected with COVID-19 in “red zone” in the context of illness of close adult people. The goal of the research is psychological state of children infected with COVID-19 in “red zone” in the context of illness of close adults and determination of the required psychological aid. Methods and sample. Analysis of 36 clinical cases of 7–17 years old children in the context of illness of close adults, who were in critical condition in intensive care department (first group — 28 children) or in satisfactory condition being treated at home (second group — 8 children). The research included the following: observation of medical records; screening diagnostics, which included the ‘Three Wishes” technique, an adapted method of “Unfinished sentences” (for adolescents), a drawing (any topic); 10-questions questionnaire focused on child’s physical well-being, its wishes for organization of everyday life and leisure activities in hospital ward, etc. Results. The majority of patients appeared to be in unfavorable psychological state (close to acute stress or unstable state), which manifested itself in three different ways: severe anxiety; over-excitement, impaired mood. These symptoms were constant and illustrative for children whose relatives were in critical condition in the intensive care department. Children, whose relatives were in satisfactory condition and were treated at home were observed during periods when they were influenced by additional stressors. Conclusions. Taking into account psychological differences and other factors (such as age, level of psychological maturity, severity of physical condition) provides an opportunity to give children and adolescents in “red zone” differentiated psychological aid.
CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Kovshova Olga S. , Kireeva Tatiana I.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Timely comprehensive diagnostics of psycho-social factors involved in the formation of cerebral palsy in children, their influence on the formation of child-parent relationships is relevant and practically significant. Inharmonious upbringing, emotional disorders and personal characteristics of the parent can affect the child’s mental development, contribute to violations of psycho-social adaptation. Objective of the study: to reveal the psychological characteristics of children with cerebral palsy and those of their mothers, to determine the characteristics of upbringing and parent-child relationships, to conduct clinical and psychological support of children with this disabling disease and their parents with elements of cognitive-behavioral correction of the identified disorders. Methods of research. Clinical conversation and experimental psychological method including: “Assembling Figures” method according to the 4th Wechsler subtest; method of drawing associations by S. Rosenzweig (children’s version) modified by N.V. Tarabrina(1978); René Gilles method, 1950; test “SMOL” ( V.P. Zaitsev, 1981); “PARI” method by E.S. Schaefer and R.K. Bell, adapted by T. V. Neshcheret (1984). Methods of statistical analysis were used as well. The sample consisted of: Group1 (n1) — 37 pre-school children with cerebral palsy aged 5–6 years (17 girls and 20 boys) and their mothers in the MCU of Samara RC “Zhuravushka”; Group 2 (n2) — 37 conditionally healthy children of the same age and gender in the SBU SAMARA city children’s polyclinic No. 9. Research results. It was found that in children with cerebral palsy, emotional response in a situation of frustration is accompanied by high self-accusatory reactions, low socio-psychological adaptation and low self-esteem. Child-parent relationships are in the suboptimal emotional range. An effective program of clinical and psychological cognitive-behavioral psychological correction of emotional and behavioral cerebral palsy disorders in the parent-child group was carried out. Conclusions. Psychosocial factors affecting the adaptation processes of preschool children with cerebral palsy were identified. Families with children with chronic disabling diseases such as cerebral palsy, need to organize training and education, including psycho-corrective and correction-developmental classes.
PERSONAL RELIABILITY OF RESCUERS OF THE MINISTRY OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AND THEIR PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS WHEN LEAVING FOR EMERGENCIES AND IN A TRAINING SITUATION
Authors: Simonova Natalia N. , Mastrenko Alexandra S. , Sultanova Faniya R. , Gubaidulina Lyudmila M. , Barabanshchikova Valentina V.
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Professional reliability is a complex multidimensional construct that is used to predict the professional success of specialists working in extreme conditions. Such forecasting is possible in large-scale studies using complex mul- ti-stage modeling, but the forecast will be abstract, not applicable to individual cases. An alternative is to predict certain aspects of success. At the same time, the components of “personal reliability” have the greatest predictive value, since with the development of civilization and changes in the “man-machine” relationship, the internal content of professional reliability shifted from a predominantly functional component to motivational, moral and socio-psychological, including the phenomenon of self-regulation. The purpose of the research is to study the components of personal reliability as possible predictors of certain aspects of professional success of rescuers. Sample: 31 specialists (men), rescuers of one of the Subdivision Ministry of Emergency Situations AQUASPASS, aged 24 to 45 years. Research methods: expert assessment of professional success; self-assessment of the level of professionalism; case method; test questionnaire A.V. Zverkova and E.V. Eydman “Research of volitional self-regulation”; “11 personality factors”; test “Motivational Profile” by Ritchie S., Martin P.; Rosenzweig frustration test; “Express methodology” for studying the social and psychological climate in a team (OS Mikhalyuk and A.Yu. Shalyto); diagnostics of the attractiveness of labor (V.M. Snetkov). Conclusions (briefly): a) it is possible to use the indicator of success in a training situation as a predictor of professional success; b) the influence of each of the components of personal reliability on different aspects of professional success is differentiated, therefore, forecasting is more optimal also in differentiated options; c) the effectiveness of socio-psychological interaction makes an important contribution to professional success, and the components of the socio-psychological climate play different roles in this.
Death Attitudes in Clergy Work: Death Attitudes and Their Linkage to Work Orientation and Wellbeing among the Finnish Clergy
Authors: Tervo-Niemelä Kati
Published: December 2020

In this study, the focus is on death attitudes among the clergy in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and their role in clergy work. The aim is to find out whether these attitudes have any practical relevance in clergy work and to see if the death attitudes are linked to the work orientation and wellbeing among the clergy. The death attitudes are measured by the Death Attitude Profile-Revised DAP-R (N=650). The results show that death attitudes have a multifaceted role in clergy work. Negative death attitudes were linked to an outward motivational orientation in work and lower levels of work wellbeing, and positive, on the other hand, to lower levels of burnout and higher levels of work engagement. These results show the importance of the competence related to death in clergy work and these notions should be acknowledged in the education and further education of the clergy.
The Function of Speech Acts in a Vatican II Declaration: Gravissimum Educationis
Authors: van Gestel Toon , van Iersel Fred , de Groot Kees
Published: December 2020

This paper provides an analysis of Gravissimum Educationis, the Vatican II declaration on Christian Education. The paper focusses on speech acts as text signals for an ideal reader within the declaration’s communication framework. To date, speech acts have not been scrutinized in Vatican II constitutions, decrees, or declarations. An analysis of performative utterances in Gravissimum Educationis is presented on the basis of J.R. Searle’s taxonomy on speech acts. The major finding is that in its speech acts, Gravissimum Educationis, as a Vatican II declaration, stands out from previous ecclesiastical documents. As a new form of Church language, it is innovative and, as such, may fit in well with the panegyric literary genre.
The Role of Member State Governments in Migration Litigation before the ECJ
Authors: Bornemann Jonas
Published: December 2020

It is habitually presumed that Member State governments primarily articulate themselves in litigation before the Court of Justice for the purpose of voicing opposition to an overly activist court. This view is especially pronounced in migration law. Although the presumption is invigorated by several high-profile judgments, it provides only a glimpse into the diversity of motives that Member State governments may pursue in court. Based on a comprehensive collection of judgments in the field of migration law, this article revisits the role of Member State governments in migration litigation before the Court of Justice. It advances a nuanced understanding of national governments’ litigation activity, highlighting the variety of motives and patterns of argument.
Uncertainty as a Poetic Principle: A Reading of the Opening Scene in Joseph Ben Zabara’s The Book of Delight
Authors: Einat-Nov Idit
Published: December 2020

This article proposes a new reading of the opening scene of Joseph Ben Meir Ibn Zabara’s twelfth century (at the latest: 1209) The Book of Delight. This reading derives from the hypothesis that this art of storytelling is based on a poetic principle of uncertainty, and is therefore associated with the various forms of the ambiguous and the ambivalent (the grotesque, the uncanny, the ironic, etc.). As I have argued elsewhere about other rhymed Hebrew stories, this approach is appropriate, in my view, to the character of some of the most fascinating rhymed stories produced in medieval Hebrew literature. In the present study I suggest yet another demonstration of the poetic benefit that can accrue from the adoption of this approach.
Herman Bavinck, Reformed Ethics: Created, Fallen, and Converted Humanity
Authors: Echeverria Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Herman Bavinck (1854–1921), the Dutch master of dogmatic theology, wrote a systematic treatise in theological ethics. Bavinck is a theistic moral realist whose ethics is deontological and virtue centered. His realism—both ontological and epistemic—is reflected in his understanding of conscience and its relation to the objective moral law. Furthermore, this review article discusses issues in Christian anthropology, particularly the selfhood of the human person, the relation between nature and grace, creation and redemption, and philosophy and theology, and the distinction between objective and subjective religion. It concludes with a brief reflection on Bavinck’s hermeneutics of renewal and reform in the continuity of the catholicity of the Reformed tradition.
A Daring Obedience: Ibn ʿArabī’s Futuwwa on the Right Side of the Law
Authors: Zargar Cyrus Ali
Published: December 2020

While Sufi writings have largely depicted futuwwa as the selfless virtue of upright young men, there has been, throughout Islam’s intellectual history, an underlying current characterised by brave rebelliousness, a current tied to the virtue’s complex relationship with urban fraternal societies. This paper investigates Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ʿArabī’s (d. 638/1240) deliberate response to futuwwa’s implications of recalcitrance. Making a case for a law-abiding variety of the virtue, Ibn ʿArabī builds a theoretical frame in which this manly trait, one of consideration and altruism, mimics divine attributes, especially a divine calculating wisdom. In doing so, Ibn ʿArabī performs a role that Jeff Mitchell describes as the prerogative of noble elites, historically speaking, namely, the social construction of virtue. As is argued here, while Ibn ʿArabī makes a careful case for a law-abiding futuwwa, the lingering resonances of the virtue’s gangster associations indicate that social influence is, to a degree, reciprocal. That is, while Ibn ʿArabī’s framing of futuwwa makes a detailed and metaphysically-substantiated case for law-abidingness, his argument also suggests, however implicitly, that the virtue cannot completely escape its non-elite outlaw framework.
Ainu Internal Reconstruction: on the Origin and Typological Context of the Affiliative Form
Authors: Janhunen Juha A.
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses the history and prehistory of the so-called affiliative form in Ainu, also known as the “possessive” or “concrete” form of nominals. In earlier research, this form has been understood as belonging to the sphere of suffixal morphology, complicated by the impact of vowel harmony and/or nominal classes. This paper shows, however, that the marking of the affiliative form actually involves a trace of the original stem-final vowel otherwise lost in the language, followed by a recently grammaticalized separate particle. This means that Ainu must have undergone a general process of final vowel loss, which has substantially changed its morpheme structure and ultimately caused the morphophonological alternations connected with the affiliative form. This conclusion potentially opens up the way towards a more comprehensive internal reconstruction of Ainu.
Revision of the subgenus Stigmatophorella of Chalcophorella (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae)
Authors: FRANK DAVID
Published: December 2020

The subgenus Stigmatophorella Tôyama, 1986 of Chalcophorella Kerremans, 1903 is revised based on comparative study of extensive material including types of all described taxa. One new subspecies is described: Chalcophorella (Stigmatophorella) bagdadensis wandalii subsp. nov. from NE Iraq, NW Iran and S Armenia. Chalcophorella quadrimaculata (Redtenbacher, 1850) is removed from synonymy with C. stigmatica (Dalman, 1817), transferred from the nominotypical subgenus to Stigmatophorella and downgraded to subspecies Chalcophorella (S.) bagdadensis quadrimaculata (Redtenbacher, 1850) stat. nov., assign. nov. Two new synonymies are established: C. (S.) bagdadensis quadrimaculata = C. (S.) bagdadensis freyi Obenberger, 1942 syn. nov.; = C. (S.) bagdadensis berhauti Mandl & Pochon, 1957 syn. nov. (formerly synonym of C. (S.) bagdadensis bagdadensis). Lectotypes are designated for following taxa to ensure their correct application and recognition in future: Chalcophorella (S.) bagdadensis amarensis Obenberger, 1942; C. (S.) bagdadensis bagdadensis (Laporte de Castelnau & Gory, 1837), C. (S.) bagdadensis freyi; C. (S.) bagdadensis quadrimaculata; C. (S.) escalerae (Abeille de Perrin, 1904); C. (S.) orientalis Obenberger, 1924; and C. (S.) quadrioculata (Kollar, 1843). All herein included taxa are illustrated with colour photographs of habitus and the male aedeagus. A key to all taxa is presented.
Relationship between Horizontal Wind Velocity and Normalized Surface Cross Section Using Data from the HIWRAP Dual-Frequency Airborne Radar
Authors: Meneghini R. , Liao L. , Heymsfield G. M.
Published: December 2020

The High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP) dual-frequency conically scanning airborne radar provides estimates of the range-profiled mean Doppler and backscattered power from the precipitation and surface. A velocity–azimuth display analysis yields near-surface estimates of the mean horizontal wind vector υh in cases in which precipitation is present throughout the scan. From the surface return, the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) is obtained, which, by a method previously described, can be corrected for path attenuation. Comparisons between υh and the attenuation-corrected NRCS are used to derive transfer functions that provide estimates of the wind vector from the NRCS data under both rain and rain-free conditions. A reasonably robust transfer function is found by using the mean NRCS (⟨NRCS⟩) over the scan along with a filtering of the data based on a Fourier series analysis of υh and the NRCS. The approach gives good correlation coefficients between υh and ⟨NRCS⟩ at Ku band at incidence angles of 30° and 40°. The correlation degrades if the Ka-band data are used rather than the Ku band.
Identification of histone acetylation in a murine model of allergic asthma by proteomic analysis
Authors: Ren Yuan , Li Menglu , Bai Shiyao , Kong Lingfei , Su Xinming
Published: December 2020

The pathogenesis of asthma is closely related to histone acetylation modification, but the specific acetylation sites related to this process remain indistinct. Herein, our study sought to identify differentially modified acetylation sites and their expression distribution in cells involved in asthma in lung tissues. The airway hyper-responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling were assessed by non-invasive whole-body plethysmography, ELISA, and hematoxylin-eosin staining to confirm the successful establishment of the allergic asthma model. Afterward, the differentially modified acetylation sites in asthmatic lung tissues were identified and validated by using proteomics and western blotting, respectively. The immunohistochemistry analysis was applied to reveal the distribution of identified acetylation sites in asthmatic lung tissues. A total of 15 differentially modified acetylation sites, including 13 upregulated (H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H3K18ac, H3K23ac,H3K27ac, H3K36ac, H2B1KK120ac, H2B2BK20ac, H2BK16ac, H2BK20ac, H2BK108ac, H2BK116ac, and H2BK120ac) and 2 downregulated (H2BK5ac and H2BK11ac) sites were identified and validated. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of lung tissues showed that nine of the identified histone acetylation sites (H2BK5, H2BK11, H3K18, H2BK116, H2BK20, H2BK120, H3K9, H3K36, and H3K27) were differentially expressed in airway epithelial cells, and the acetylation of identified H3 histones were observed in both eosinophil and perivascular inflammatory cells. Additionally, differential expression of histone acetylation sites was also observed in nucleus of airway epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, perivascular inflammatory cells, and airway smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, we identified potential acetylation sites associated with asthma pathogenesis. These findings may contribute greatly in the search for therapeutic approaches for allergic asthma.
Eye movement biomarkers allow for the definition of phenotypes in Gaucher Disease
Authors: Donald Aimee , Tan Chong Y. , Chakrapani Anupam , Hughes Derralyn A. , Sharma Reena , Cole Duncan , Bardins Stanislav , Gorges Martin , Jones Simon A. , Schneider Erich
Published: December 2020

Background

Neurological forms of Gaucher disease, the inherited disorder of β-Glucosylceramidase caused by bi-allelic variants in GBA1, is a progressive disorder which lacks a disease-modifying therapy. Systemic manifestations of disease are effectively treated with enzyme replacement therapy, however, molecules which cross the blood–brain barrier are still under investigation. Clinical trials of such therapeutics require robust, reproducible clinical endpoints to demonstrate efficacy and clear phenotypic definitions to identify suitable patients for inclusion in trials. The single consistent clinical feature in all patients with neuronopathic disease is the presence of a supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy, in the presence of Gaucher disease this finding serves as diagnostic of ‘type 3’ Gaucher disease.

Methods

We undertook a study to evaluate saccadic eye movements in Gaucher patients and to assess the role of the EyeSeeCam in measuring saccades. The EyeSeeCam is a video-oculography device which was used to run a protocol of saccade measures. We studied 39 patients with non-neurological Gaucher disease (type 1), 21 patients with type 3 (neurological) disease and a series of 35 healthy controls. Mean saccade parameters were compared across disease subgroups.

Results

We confirmed the saccadic abnormality in patients with type 3 Gaucher disease and identified an unexpected subgroup of patients with type 1 Gaucher disease who demonstrated significant saccade parameter abnormalities. These patients also showed subtle neurological findings and shared a GBA1 variant.

Conclusions

This striking novel finding of a potentially attenuated type 3 Gaucher phenotype associated with a specific GBA1 variant and detectable saccadic abnormality prompts review of current disease classification. Further, this finding highlights the broad spectrum of neuronopathic Gaucher phenotypes relevant when designing inclusion criteria for clinical trials.
Correction to: New insights in gene expression alteration as effect of doxorubicin drug resistance in triple negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Ciocan-Cartita Cristina Alexandra , Jurj Ancuta , Zanoaga Oana , Cojocneanu Roxana , Pop Laura-Ancuta , Moldovan Alin , Moldovan Cristian , Zimta Alina Andreea , Raduly Lajos , Pop-Bica Cecilia , Buse Mihail , Budisan Liviuta , Virag Piroska , Irimie Alexandru , Gomes Dias Sandra Martha , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Braicu Cornelia
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Correction to: Factors influencing liberation from mechanical ventilation in coronavirus disease 2019: multicenter observational study in fifteen Italian ICUs
Authors:   the ICU-RER COVID-19 Collaboration, Gamberini Lorenzo , Tonetti Tommaso , Spadaro Savino , Zani Gianluca , Mazzoli Carlo Alberto , Capozzi Chiara , Giampalma Emanuela , Reggiani Maria Letizia Bacchi , Bertellini Elisabetta , Castelli Andrea , Cavalli Irene , Colombo Davide , Crimaldi Federico , Damiani Federica , Fogagnolo Alberto , Fusari Maurizio , Gamberini Emiliano , Gordini Giovanni , Laici Cristiana , Lanza Maria Concetta , Leo Mirco , Marudi Andrea , Nardi Giuseppe , Ottaviani Irene , Papa Raffaella , Potalivo Antonella , Russo Emanuele , Taddei Stefania , Volta Carlo Alberto , Ranieri V. Marco
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Residual decontamination chemical agents negatively affect adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like cells on implant surface
Authors: Balderrama Ísis de Fátima , Cardoso Matheus Völz , Stuani Vitor Toledo , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , Matos Adriana Arruda , Greghi Sebastião Luiz Aguiar , Sant’Ana Adriana Campos Passanezi
Published: December 2020

Purpose

To investigate the influence of implant surface decontaminated and uncontaminated on osteoblast-like cell adhesion and proliferation

Materials and methods

Commercially available implants of different brands and surface characteristics were selected:Biomet 3i®Nanotite (NT) and Osseotite (OT), Straumann®SLActive (SLA), andNeodent®Acqua Drive (ACQ) and Neoporos Drive CM (CM).Physical and chemical properties of the implants were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and wettability analysis (WETT). Implants were previously contaminated withAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansstrains; after that, samples were decontaminated by different chemical methods. Decontaminated (test group;n= 15/type of implant) and uncontaminated (control group;n= 5/type of implant) samples were analyzed according to the number of human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) adhered on the implant surface after 24 h and 72 h in SEM images.

Results

ACQ was found to be highly hydrophilic, and NT was the most hydrophobic implant. Increased variation of Saos-2 cell adhesion and proliferation were observed on all test and control groups. Controversially, at the proliferation analysis in 72 h, CM implant was the only implant that showed no significant difference between test and group (p= 0.2833; Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). NT implants showed the greater value of cell proliferation when compared with all types of implant surface (p= 0.0002; Tukey’s multiple comparisons test).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that decontaminated surfaces were able to impair the counting of osteoblast-like cell adhesion and proliferation.
Correction to: Modelling the skeletal muscle injury recovery using in vivo contrast-enhanced micro-CT: a proof-of-concept study in a rat model
Authors: Paun Bruno , Leon Daniel García , Cabello Alex Claveria , Pages Roso Mares , de la Calle Vargas Elena , Muñoz Paola Contreras , Garcia Vanessa Venegas , Castell-Conesa Joan , Baleriola Mario Marotta , Camacho Jose Raul Herance
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Comment on: “Why is bank credit in Brazil the most expensive in the world?”
Authors: Barbosa Klenio
Published: December 2020

.
Política de morte: A mira certeira sem comoção
Authors: Michelle Damaceno Azevedo Lídia , Martins Barbosa Zilda
Published: December 2020

A violência no Brasil, sobretudo no Rio de Janeiro, escapa aos conceitos e mesmo à etimologia antiga da palavra e atinge sobretudo os negros, maioria nas favelas e subúrbio da cidade, locais que são lembrados como cenário da política de extermínio do Estado, fenômeno que põe em xeque a atuação da mídia tradicional e impõe o questionamento acerca da não mobilização da sociedade civil pelo fim do extermínio da população negra. Neste artigo será abordado a subjugação da vida à morte e o que chamamos de semiótica aplicada do racismo. Serão apresentados três pontos: a prática de execução institucionalizada; os aspectos conceituais da “Razão Negra” e da “Necropolítica”, trabalhados por Achille Mbembe; e o crescimento do racismo de Estado e a combinação com a mídia e o mercado.
EDUCATIONAL FILM "INTERESTING STATISTICS"
Authors: Babicheva Irina
Published: December 2020

Учебно-познавательный фильм «Занимательная статистика» создан с целью ознакомления студентов с основными этапами проведения первичной обработки статистических данных в дистанционном режиме обучения. Фильм подходит для использования в приложениях для SCORM-пакетов. Фильм имеет: модульную структуру (5 частей); комплексность (включает теоретический и практический материал по проведению первичной обработки статистических данных); высокую степень визуализации ( содержит фото, видеофрагменты, анимацию, голосовое сопровождение ). В водной части фильма происходит знакомство с главными героями фильма – наставником Викторией и ее слушателями Ксенией и Татьяной. Девушки рассказывают о своем ВУЗе. Для создания у слушателей эмоционально-комфортной обстановки для дальнейшего обучения в фильме приводятся изречения о статистике известных ученых, артистов, афоризмы. Во второй части фильма «Базовые понятия математической статистики» студентам напоминается из теории вероятностей нормальный закон распределения, кривая Гаусса, занимающая центральное место в дальнейших исследованиях. С помощью видео показывается, как работает доска Гальтона и комментируется за кадром ее назначение. Для определения базовых понятий используются диалоги комикса «Занимательная статистика». В третьей части «Сбор статистических данных» показывается, как проходила эта процедура в стенах СИБИТ. Показываются замеры роста, веса, пульса, давления у студентов института. В четвертой части студентки переходят к обработке статистических данных, собранных студентами СИБИТа. Приводится видео-инструкция по использованию среды Excel для обработки статистических данных. В заключении демонстрируется «работа» кривой Гаусса на практическом примере. Студентами СИБИТа рассказывается история о проделках булочвника с обвешиванием покупателей и как его обман разоблачил математик Карл, показав учеченную кривую Гаусса. Учебно-познавательный фильм апробирован в Сибирском институте бизнеса и информационных технологий при дистанционном обучении студентов очного и заочного отделений.
Methodology of health-improving work with preschool children with speech disorders
Authors: PELIKHOVA ANNA
Published: December 2020

Пособие нацелено на формирование педагогов ДОУ готовности к педагогической деятельности в области здоровьесбережения детей с нарушениями речи, на реализации государственного образовательного стандарта, обогащению профессионального опыта педагогов. Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для организации учебных занятий в рамках курсовой подготовки и переподготовки педагогов ДОУ по программам: «Педагогическая деятельность в условиях реализации ФГОС ДО» и «Теория и методика воспитания и обучения детей с ОВЗ».
Rostificar o acéfalo
Authors: Rodrigues Tadeu Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

O artigo propõe uma análise de imagens artísticas que suscitam as noções de rosto e cabeça como forma de tensionamento da representação humana. A partir de obras produzidas por Tunga, Man Ray e Francis Bacon, buscamos apresentar estratégias poéticas em torno das relações entre corpo e imagem.
DNA profiling and personalised medicine from Nationwide Laboratories
Authors: Corral Cheryl
Published: December 2020

Research into the canine genome has made it possible to test and screen for inherited diseases occurring as a result of single-gene mutations with ease. Nationwide Laboratories have used developments in the availability of these tests to develop DNA profiling for cats and dogs, with the option to include a life plan for the patient alongside the results. The hope is that screening cats and dogs early in life would allow for lifestyle adaptations and treatment planning, to allow for better management of any potential genetic disease, improving the overall healthcare for the companion animal as a result.
Does co-expression of Yarrowia lipolytica genes encoding Yas1p, Yas2p and Yas3p make a potential alkane-responsive biosensor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae?
Authors: Dabirian Yasaman , Skrekas Christos , David Florian , Siewers Verena
Published: December 2020

Alkane-based biofuels are desirable to produce at a commercial scale as these have properties similar to current petroleum-derived transportation fuels. Rationally engineering microorganisms to produce a desirable compound, such as alkanes, is, however, challenging. Metabolic engineers are therefore increasingly implementing evolutionary engineering approaches combined with high-throughput screening tools, including metabolite biosensors, to identify productive cells. Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce alkanes could be facilitated by using an alkane-responsive biosensor, which can potentially be developed from the native alkane-sensing system in Yarrowia lipolytica, a well-known alkane-assimilating yeast. This putative alkane-sensing system is, at least, based on three different transcription factors (TFs) named Yas1p, Yas2p and Yas3p. Although this system is not fully elucidated in Y. lipolytica, we were interested in evaluating the possibility of translating this system into an alkane-responsive biosensor in S. cerevisiae. We evaluated the alkane-sensing system in S. cerevisiae by developing one sensor based on the native Y. lipolytica ALK1 promoter and one sensor based on the native S. cerevisiae CYC1 promoter. In both systems, we found that the TFs Yas1p, Yas2p and Yas3p do not seem to act in the same way as these have been reported to do in their native host. Additional analysis of the TFs suggests that more knowledge regarding their mechanism is needed before a potential alkane-responsive sensor based on the Y. lipolytica system can be established in S. cerevisiae.
The contemporary trend in worsening prognosis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma: A population-based study
Authors: Duorui Nie , Shi Bin , Zhang Tao , Chen Chuyao , Fang Chongkai , Yue Zhijun , Wu Peng , Wu Zhiming , Huang Xuewu , Li Meng
Published: December 2020

Background

Primary acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare exocrine tumor of the pancreas with unclear clinical characteristics. Our goal was to determine the incidence and update the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ACC.

Methods

Through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we identified 252 patients with the latest diagnosis of ACC (2004–2016). The age-adjusted incidence (AAI) was calculated using the SEER*Stat Software version 8.3.6. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to draw survival curves and differences among them were compared by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate factors that had independent predictive effects on the overall survival.

Results

The AAI of pancreatic ACC was on the rise with the mean age at diagnosis of 63.79±14.79 years. Most patients (15.9%) had poorer differentiated tumors. The patients presented with distant stage were 54.4% compared with 53.1% between 1988 and 2003. The 1-, 2-, and 5-years survival rates for pancreatic ACC patients were 53.5%, 34.6%,17.5%, respectively (compared with 78.5%, 67.0%, and 42.8%, between 1988 and 2003). The multivariate COX analysis showed that the patient's age, surgery, chemotherapy, and summary stage, but not marital status were independent prognosis factors for ACC.

Conclusions

Pancreatic ACC is a highly malignant tumor with an increasing incidence in recent years. The rate of distant metastasis is increasing and the survival rate is worse than in the past, suggesting that it may require more aggressive treatment and follow-up. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are all effective treatments, but prospective studies are still needed to verify them.
Plant–atmosphere and soil–atmosphere temperature differences and their impact on grain yield of super hybrid rice under different irrigation conditions
Authors: Meng Guiyuan , Zheng Rongqian , Chen Haiping , Ma Guohui , Wei Zhongwei , Xiang Guohong , Zhou Jing
Published: December 2020

Continued drought during the late growth stage of super hybrid rice (SHR) markedly reduces yield, and management practices that use water more efficiently can contribute greatly to high and stable yields from SHR. The absolute temperature differences (ATDs) between the rice plant and the atmosphere and between the soil and the atmosphere are believed to be important determinants of grain yield. However, it has not previously been determined whether these ATDs have any effect on SHR yields under water-saving cultivation. A two-year field experiment involving two SHR varieties, Liangyoupeijiu (LYPJ) and Y-Liangyou 9000 (YLY900), evaluated the effects of reducing water supply from mid-booting to maturity on grain yield, canopy relative humidity (CRH), leaf area index (LAI), and ATDs between the ambient temperature and the leaf surface, panicles, canopy, and soil. Grain yield increased significantly under shallow water irrigation (SW), by 8.84% (YLY900) and 12.26% (LYPJ), but decreased significantly under mild water stress (MS, −20 to −30 kPa), by 14.36% (YLY900) and 9.47% (LYPJ), as well as severe water stress (SS, −40 to −50 kPa), by 35.06% (YLY900) and 28.74% (LYPJ). As water supply decreased, so did the CRH and the ATDs, with significant decreases under MS and SS. The temperature differences were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield (P < 0.01) in both cultivars. LAI was increased under SW conditions, but was significantly decreased under MS and SS. Our study suggests that the dual goal of saving water while maintaining high yield can be achieved by applying SW irrigation from mid-booting to maturity and by adopting cultivation measures that maintain high CRH and high plant–atmosphere and soil–atmosphere ATDs in order to alleviate water stress. YLY900 has a higher yield potential than LYPJ under SW conditions, suggesting that its wide cultivation may help achieve this dual goal.