bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Murray Bookchin and the Postwar Environmental Moment: The Early Bookchin and the Politicization of Ecology, 1948–1964
Authors: Fenner Maximilian
Published: January 2025

Murray Bookchin (1921–2006) is best known today for pioneering a novel synthesis between social anarchism and ecology in the 1960s. Both his writing and his activism had a substantial impact on the young New Left and the radical ecology movement, and were in polemic dialogue with radical environmentalists, anarcho-primitivists, and deep ecologists. This article explores the development of Bookchin’s early political thought within the framework of a “postwar environmental moment” and uncovers how he uniquely politicized ecological science in the 1950s. I argue that Bookchin’s early writings were a critical response to both the dire environmental issues of his time and the limitations he perceived in Old Left politics. Furthermore, I demonstrate that Bookchin’s understanding of ecological science was not simply a product of a turn to anarchism, but was directly linked to debates among 1950s ecologists, typically overlooked in the recent scholarship on Bookchin.
U.S. Academic Research Fleet to Add Three Smaller, More Nimble Vessels
Authors: van Deelen Grace
Published: January 2025

A dire lack of investment in oceangoing vessels means the U.S. ocean sciences community is lagging, scientists say. Three new vessels will play a part in building capabilities.
Neoadjuvant pyrotinib and trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer with no early response (NeoPaTHer): efficacy, safety and biomarker analysis of a prospective, multicentre, response-adapted study
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Yongjiu , Xiong Bin , Yang Zhenlin , Wang Jingfen , Yao Yumin , Yu Lixiang , Fu Qinye , Li Liang , Zhang Qiang , Zheng Chao , Huang Shuya , Liu Liyuan , Liu Chun , Sun Huaibo , Mao Beibei , Liu Dong-Xu , Yu Zhigang
Published: January 2025

The potential benefits of pyrotinib for patients with trastuzumab-insensitive, HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer remain unclear. This prospective, multicentre, response-adapted study evaluated the efficacy and safety of adding pyrotinib to the neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer patients with a poor response to initial docetaxel plus carboplatin and trastuzumab (TCbH). Early response was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after two cycles of treatment. Patients showing poor response, as defined by RECIST 1.1, could opt to receive additional pyrotinib or continue standard therapy. The primary endpoint was the total pathological complete response (tpCR; ypT0/isN0) rate. Of the 129 patients enroled, 62 (48.1%) were identified as MRI-responders (cohort A), 26 non-responders continued with four more cycles of TCbH (cohort B), and 41 non-responders received additional pyrotinib (cohort C). The tpCR rate was 30.6% (95% CI: 20.6–43.0%) in cohort A, 15.4% (95% CI: 6.2–33.5%) in cohort B, and 29.3% (95% CI: 17.6–44.5%) in cohort C. Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated comparable odds of achieving tpCR between cohorts A and C (odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.40–2.70). No new adverse events were observed with the addition of pyrotinib. Patients with co-mutations of TP53 and PIK3CA exhibited lower rates of early partial response compared to those without or with a single gene mutation (36.0% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.08). These findings suggest that adding pyrotinib may benefit patients who do not respond to neoadjuvant trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. Further investigation is warranted to identify biomarkers predicting patients’ benefit from the addition of pyrotinib.
Effective doses received by the gastrointestinal tract compartments of adults due to food intake in Egypt
Authors: Abdalbasit Yasmine , Salahel Din Khaled , Abbady Abdelbaset , Saad Nagwa
Published: January 2025

226Ra, 232Th, and 40K levels in various foods frequently consumed by Egyptians were determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer based on the germanium detector (HPGe). Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were in the range of < 0.10 to 0.79 ± 0.07, < 0.09 to 0.42 ± 0.04, and < 1.96 to 89.73 ± 2.96 Bq/kg, respectively. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model was employed to estimate the effective doses received by the different parts of the adult’s gastrointestinal tract, i.e., stomach (ST), small intestine (SI), upper large intestine (ULI), and lower large intestine (LLI), due to the ingestion of the analyzed foods. This estimation was based on mathematical calculations of the energy absorbed by organs due to transformations of ingested radionuclides. The effective doses (μSv/y) received by each compartment were 8.86 (ST), 8.76 (SI), 66.90 (ULI), and 176.76 (LLI). The results do not exceed the safe thresholds set by global organizations UNSCEAR and WHO, 290 and 250–400 μSv/y, respectively. Therefore, radionuclide intakes due to investigated food consumption do not pose any significant radiological impact.
Generation of IgM+ B cell-deficient Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IgM knockout
Authors: Raudstein Mari , Peñaranda Ma. Michelle D. , Kjærner-Semb Erik , Grove Søren , Morton H. Craig , Edvardsen Rolf Brudvik
Published: January 2025

Infectious diseases pose significant challenges to Norwegian Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Vaccines are critical for disease prevention; however, a deeper understanding of the immune system is essential to improve vaccine efficacy. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the main antibody involved in the systemic immune response of teleosts, including Atlantic salmon. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock out the two IgM genes in Atlantic salmon. High-throughput sequencing revealed an average mutagenesis efficiency of 97% across both loci, with a predominance of frameshift mutations (78%). Gene expression analyses demonstrated significantly reduced membrane-bound IgM mRNA levels in head kidney and spleen tissues. Flow cytometry revealed a 78% reduction in IgM+ B cells in peripheral blood, and Western blot analyses showed decreased IgM protein levels in serum. Notably, an upregulation of IgT mRNA was observed, suggesting a potential compensatory mechanism. This work presents the first application of CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt an immune-related gene in the F0 generation of Atlantic salmon, and lays the foundation for generating a model completely lacking IgM+ B cells which can be used to study the role of B cells and antibodies. This study has implications for advancing immune research in teleosts and for developing strategies to improve salmon health and welfare in aquaculture.
Isolation of PCSK9-specific nanobodies from synthetic libraries using a combined protein selection strategy
Authors: Thaiprayoon Apisitt , Chantarasorn Yodpong , Oonanant Worrapoj , Kasorn Anongnard , Longsompurana Phoomintara , Tapaneeyakorn Satita , Riangrungroj Pinpunya , Loison Fabien , Kruse Andrew C. , DeLisa Matthew P. , Waraho-Zhmayev Dujduan
Published: January 2025

Nanobodies (Nbs) hold great potential to replace conventional antibodies in various biomedical applications. However, conventional methods for their discovery can be time-consuming and expensive. We have developed a reliable protein selection strategy that combines magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS)-based screening of yeast surface display (YSD) libraries and functional ligand-binding identification by Tat-based recognition of associating proteins (FLI-TRAP) to isolate antigen-specific Nbs from synthetic libraries. This combined process enabled isolation of three unique Nb clones (NbT15, NbT21, and NbT22) that all bound specifically to a target antigen, namely proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) as well as a gain-of-function PCSK9 mutant (D374Y). All three clones bound to PCSK9 and blocked the interaction between the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and either wild-type PCSK9 or the D374Y mutant. Overall, our combined protein selection method enables rapid and straightforward identification of potent antigen-specific Nbs in a manner that can be executed in a basic laboratory setting without the need for specialized equipment. We anticipate that our strategy will be a valuable addition to the protein engineering toolkit, allowing development of Nbs or virtually any other synthetic binding protein for a wide range of applications.
Crop rotation increases Tibetan barley yield and soil quality on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wu Hui , Liu Enke , Jin Tao , Liu Buchun , Gopalakrishnan Subramaniam , Zhou Jie , Shao Guodong , Mei Xurong , Delaplace Pierre , De Clerck Caroline
Published: January 2025

Tibetan barley (Hordeum vulgare) accounts for over 70% of the total food production in the Tibetan Plateau. However, continuous cropping of Tibetan barley causes soil degradation, reduces soil quality and causes yield decline. Here we explore the benefits of crop rotation with wheat and rape to improve crop yield and soil quality. We conducted 39 field experiments on the Tibetan Plateau, comparing short-term (≤5 years), 5–10 years and long-term (≥10 years) continuous cropping with rotation of Tibetan barley with wheat or rape. Results showed that Tibetan barley–wheat and Tibetan barley–rape rotations increased yields by 17% and 12%, respectively, while improving the soil quality index by 11% and 21%, compared with long-term continuous cropping. Both Tibetan barley rotations with wheat and rape improved soil quality and consequently yield, mainly by increasing soil microbial biomass nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon and decreasing pH. By contrast, long-term continuous cropping led to decreased soil organic matter, lower microbial biomass nitrogen and increased pH, contributing to yield decline. The benefits of rotations on crop yield and soil quality increased over time. Implementing crop rotation with wheat or rape thus offers a sustainable agricultural strategy for improving food security on the Tibetan Plateau.
Integrating an entropy-driven DNA circuit with a tetrahedral scaffold as a generic in situ electrochemical biosensor for amplified detection of microRNAs
Authors: Wang Xuyao , Zhu Junlan , Shu Peng , Wang Jiajing , Huang Maowen , Chen Hengchao , Ma Haifen
Published: January 2025

A generic in situ electrochemical biosensor was constructed by integrating an entropy-driven DNA circuit with a tetrahedral scaffold for the detection of microRNAs.
The effect of the allosteric regulation on the catalytic activity of fructosyltransferase studied via molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Yu Chaofan , Liu Yanqi , Fu Liang , Shu Zhengyu , Duan Mojie , Zheng Yi
Published: January 2025

This work investigates the allosteric regulation of Aspergillus niger fructosyltransferase (QU10-FTase). It reveals how environmental factors, like the Fe3O4 interface and temperature, influence catalytic activity through allosteric regulations.
Enhanced coking-resistance of Ca- and Mg-incorporated Mo/V montmorillonite-supported catalysts during gas-phase glycerol conversion to allyl alcohol
Authors: Li Da Jian , Kurniawan Alfin , Roy Tania , Wang Jin , Liu Cheng Lan , Wang Ze Zhen , Mu Rong Zhen , Zhou Chun Hui
Published: January 2025

In Mo/V-HA1MMT and Ca/Mg–Mo/V-HA1MMT catalysts, CaMoO4 enhances activity toward glycerol, while Mo/V oxide improves selectivity for allyl alcohol. After 480 min, Ca0.5Mg0.5(7)-Cat. (with CaMoO4) showed higher activity than Cat. (without CaMoO4).
One-pot enzymatic synthesis of l-threitol from C1 formaldehyde
Authors: Gong Sanrunyi , Li Tianzhen , Tang Zijing , Tan Zijian , Zhang Ruke , Olsen Karsten , Liu Haifeng , Zhu Leilei
Published: January 2025

This study provides an enzymatic synthesis route towards l-threitol from a C1 resource, presenting a green and promising strategy for l-threitol production.
Intelligent metal recovery from spent Li-ion batteries: machine learning breaks the barriers of traditional optimizations
Authors: E Shanshan , Niu Bo , Liu Jia , Yuan Yilin , Xiao Jiefeng , Xu Zhenming
Published: January 2025

Machine learning can solve the issues of traditional experimental optimization for spent LIBs recycling.
Advancing biomass utilization: conversion of solid residues from pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis into porous carbon materials
Authors: Dessie Wubliker , Wang Qiao , Luo Xiaofang , Wang Meifeng , Liao Yunhui , Tang Wufei , He Fulin , Wang Jianhua , Khan Mohammad Rizwan , Qin Zuodong , Han Buxing
Published: January 2025

Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis generate fermentable sugar and lignin-rich solid. Camellia oleifera seed oil extraction residues conversion into sugar and biochar. COS: C. oleifera shell; COC: C. oleifera cake; SSF: solid-state fermentation.
Synthesis, characterization, and dielectric properties of bentonite clay modified with (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane and Co(ii) porphyrin complex for technological and electronic device applications
Authors: El-Khalafy Sahar H. , Hassanein Mahmoud T. , Alaskary Mohamed M. , Ramzy Galal H. , Ali Ahmed I.
Published: January 2025

Bentonite clay, CPTES modified bentonite clay, and Co(ii)TP-OHPP]/CPTES-modified bentonite clay.
Fine tuning the optical properties and Frontier orbital energy in pyrrolylenones as an example of D–π–A sensitizers via functionalization of the molecular backbone
Authors: Afonin Andrei V. , Rusinska-Roszak Danuta , Pavlov Dmitry V.
Published: January 2025

Functionalization of pyrrolylenones as the D–π–A sensitizers allowed us to tune the Frontier orbital energy levels, gap between them, and their optical properties.
Luminescent iridium(iii) 2-cyanobenzothiazole complexes as site-specific labels to afford peptide-based phosphorogenic probes and hydrogels for enzyme activity sensing, cancer imaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Xu Jun-Wen , Lee Lawrence Cho-Cheung , Yip Alex Man-Hei , Xu Guang-Xi , Leung Peter Kam-Keung , Lo Kenneth Kam-Wing
Published: January 2025

Iridium(iii) 2-cyanobenzothiazole complexes were designed as N-terminal cysteine-specific labels to prepare peptide-based phosphorogenic probes and hydrogels for matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 sensing, cancer imaging and photocytotoxic applications.
Recent progress in electrochemical rearrangement reactions
Authors: Shi Zhaojiang , Wen Chao-Yan , Yang Li-Xue , Li Jianan , Sun Xiaoxia
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical-mediated rearrangement has emerged as one of the most important research fields in organic chemistry. This review systematically summarizes the diverse transformations and applications of electrochemistry in rearrangement reactions.
Design, synthesis, anti-inflammatory evaluation, and molecular docking studies of novel quinazoline-4(3H)-one-2-carbothioamide derivatives
Authors: Nguyen Le Thanh Hang , Vu Dinh Hoang , Pham Minh Quan , Ngo Quoc Anh , Vo Ngoc Binh
Published: January 2025

In this study, we reported the design, synthesis, anti-inflammatory evaluation, and molecular docking studies of novel quinazoline-4(3H)-one-2-carbothioamide derivatives.
Enhancing solid-state battery performance with spray-deposited gradient composite cathodes
Authors: Tudball Matt P. , Dawson Will J. , Cruddos Joshua H. , Iacoviello Francesco , Morrison Andrew R. T. , Rettie Alexander J. E. , Miller Thomas S.
Published: January 2025

Bi-nozzle spray deposition was used to manufacture graded LFP/PEO composite cathodes which are proven to reduce interface resistance between the electrode and solid electrolyte leading to improved capacity retention and rate performance.
Highly solar modulated and robust PNIPAM/HEMC smart windows
Authors: Liu Shuming , Yao Kai , Xu Jiakui , Hu Zhenhui , Zeng Xianglong , Xiao Longhao , Fang Zheng , Hu Yuwei , Chen Xi , Yang Yongsheng , Li Wenxin , Ke Yujie
Published: January 2025

The PNIPAM/HEMC hydrogels exhibited enhanced optical characteristics, including elevated luminous transmittance (Tlum = 84.98%) and augmented solar modulation (ΔTsol = 74.97%).
Dusty disks as safe havens for terrestrial planets: Effect of the back-reaction of solid material on gas
Authors: Regály Zs. , Németh A. , Krupánszky G. , Sándor Zs.
Published: January 2025

Context. Previous studies have shown that there is considerable variation in the dust-to-gas density ratio in the vicinity of low-mass planets undergoing growth. This can lead to a significant change in the planetary momentum exerted by the gas and solid material. However, due to the low dust-to-gas mass ratio of protoplanetary disks (about 1%), the effect of the solid material on the gas dynamics – that is, the back-reaction of the solid material – is often neglected.

Aims. We aim to study the effect of the back-reaction of solid material on the torques felt by low-mass planets. The effect of the back-reaction of solid material is investigated by comparing non-accreting and accreting models.

Methods. We performed locally isothermal, global two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of planet-disk interactions using the code GFARGO2. Low-mass planets in the range of 0.1–10 M⊕ accrete only solid material. The solid component of the disk was treated as a pressureless fluid. Simulations were compared with taking and not taking into account the back-reaction of the solid material on the gas. The solid component was assumed to have a fixed Stokes number in the range of 0.01–10. All models assumed a canonical solid-to-gas mass ratio of 0.01.

Results. The back-reaction of the solid has been shown to have a significant effect on the total torque exerted on a low-mass planet. In general, the inclusion of the back-reaction results in a greater number of models with positive torque values compared to models that neglect the back-reaction. It is clear, therefore, that the simulation of planetary growth and migration via hydrodynamic modeling requires the inclusion of a solid-gas back-reaction. As a result of the back-reaction and accretion, a Mars-sized planetary embryo will experience positive total torques from the disk containing coupled solid components (St ≤ 0.01). Earth-mass planets also experience positive total torques from the disk containing boulder-sized solid components (2 ≤ St ≤ 5). The accretion of weakly coupled solid material tends to increase the positive torques and decrease the negative torques.

Conclusions. Our results suggest that the combined effect of back-reaction and accretion is beneficial to the formation of planetary systems by reducing the likelihood of a young planet being engulfed by the central star.
The effect of interactive learning on nutritional knowledge among teachers, parents and students at primary schools in Central Java
Authors: Rachmawati Emma , Umniyatun Yuyun , Iqbal Nurmansyah Mochamad , Hidayati  , Kharisma Saraswati Lia , Sahidin Didin , Sulistio Gohardi Virgo , Wulandari Eka
Published: January 2025

Background: Failure of linear growth or stunting is one of childhood's most common nutritional deficiencies. Parenting patterns and food provision greatly influence children's ability to consume balanced nutrition. Interactive learning transforms the educational process into a dynamic, engaging, and effective experience, providing students with applicable and long-lasting skills and knowledge. Objectives: This study identified the impact of interactive learning on nutritional knowledge among students, parents, and teachers in primary schools in Central Java. Methods: The research used a pre-post study design, involving an interactive learning process, where balanced nutrition material and relevant games were delivered to the respondents. The duration of the intervention was five hours. The research involved 252 participants from 51 primary schools. The instrument measures several important components of the government’s balanced nutrition guideline. It assesses the knowledge of children, parents, and teachers regarding the components of a plate, protein sources, children's nutritional needs, children's ideal body weight, the significance of breakfast, the role of vitamins and vegetables, the benefits of tempeh or tofu, and proper handwashing techniques. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention. Results: The pre-post test showed that there was a significant difference in nutritional knowledge in the teacher and parent groups but not in the student group (p-value: 0.751). Conclusions: Continuous efforts are needed to educate students regarding nutrition. Apart from interactive games, the lecture method can also be used to emphasize several important points during learning.
Predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy among postpartum women in RSUD IA Moeis Samarinda
Authors: Nur Hastuti Fitria , Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani Ratih , Kamaruddin Iriyani
Published: January 2025

Background: WHO recommends the practice of early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life followed by breastfeeding with complementary foods up to 2 years of age. However, currently, the global prevalence of breastfeeding in infants less than 6 months of age is under 50%. Objective: This study aims to predict the factors associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy in RSUD IA Moeis. Methods: A cross-sectional study with multiple logistic regression tests were used to analyze 56 postpartum women. Key variables analyzed included breastfeeding experience and observation of others, adjusted for occupation, education, verbal persuasion, and physical-emotional conditions. Result: Variables associated with Breastfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) were breastfeeding experience (p-value 0.023) and observation of others (p-value 0.002) adjusted by occupation, latest education, verbal persuasion, and physical emotional conditions. The most dominant variable is the observation of others with Odds Ratio = 61.107 (95% CI OR = 5.478- 711.504). Conclusion: Observation of others is the strongest predictor of breastfeeding self-efficacy among postpartum mothers at RSUD IA Moeis. Mothers who observed others successfully breastfeeding were 61 times more likely to have high BSE than those who did not. Keyword: Breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding experience, postpartum, sociodemographic.
Association between betel nut (Areca catechu L.) consumption and hemoglobin levels and mid-upper arm circumference in pregnant women in Jayapura Regency, Papua
Authors: Rante Allo Bela Sarni , Maharani Halim Annisaa
Published: January 2025

Anemia is a serious global public health problem that affects pregnant and postpartum women, where the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentration is lower than the normal levels. Betel nuts contain high levels of bioactive compounds including alkaloids and polyphenols which are believed to inhibit the absorption of nutrients including iron in the digestive tract. This research analyzes the correlation between betel nuts consumption, Hb levels, and MUAC. This research was conducted on 100 pregnant women using purposive sampling in three health center service areas within Jayapura Regency. Data on betel nut consumption was collected by questionnaire, Hb levels by Hemoglobinmeter, and MUAC by MUAC measuring tape. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation. This study's results show a significant negative association between the eating of betel nuts and hemoglobin levels (r=-0.359; p=0.001). Betel nut consumption is not significantly negatively correlated with MUAC (r=-0.022; p=0.830). It is recommended that pregnant women limit their consumption of betel nuts during pregnancy.
Effectiveness of self-directed online learning in improving stunting knowledge among health workers: A pilot study at the learning center, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
Authors: Kurnia Yusrin Putra Wahyu , Setiarini Asih , Farsia Latifah , Achadi Endang L.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The level of knowledge about stunting among health workers remains varied. Nowadays, self-directed or asynchronous online learning has become a prominent approach in the learning process. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-directed online learning in improving health workers’ knowledge about stunting. Method: A total of 41 participants from 5 provinces (South Sumatera, West Java, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and South Sulawesi) were purposively selected to enrol in a stunting course at the Learning Center, PDRC, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. The learning materials comprised 15 topics in the form of animated videos and one digital pocketbook. A paired t-test was used to evaluate changes before and after completing the course. Result: The analysis showed a significant improvement in knowledge score (p-value < 0.05), with an average increase of 21 points. However, an individual topic analysis indicated the need for further discussion to enhance participants' understanding. Conclusion: Self-directed online learning effectively improves health workers’ knowledge about stunting. Nevertheless, further studies should explore the impact of synchronous sessions in enhancing knowledge retention and comprehension.
Household income and nutrient adequacy in women of reproductive age: A study in Babakan Village, Indonesia
Authors: Ana Dina Resa , Nailan Faza Prasetyaji Fidela
Published: January 2025

Background: The condition of Chronic Energy Deficiency and anemia often occurs in women of reproductive age and can lead to health problems. Objective: This research aims to examine the relationship between household income and the adequacy of energy, protein, and iron levels in women of reproductive age in Babakan Village. Methods: The research employs a cross-sectional design. The respondents are 78 women of reproductive age, residing in Babakan Village, determined using purposive sampling. The instruments in this research include interview questionnaires (household and characteristics) and 1x24-hour food recall forms (levels of energy, protein, and iron adequacy). Hypothesis testing in this research uses the Spearman test to determine the relationship between household income and the adequacy of energy, protein, and iron levels. Results: The research results indicate a significant relationship between income and iron adequacy with a value of p < 0.05, while there is no significant relationship between income, energy, and protein adequacy with a value of p > 0.05. Conclusion: This study indicates that higher income may improve access to nutritious foods but does not ensure better nutrient adequacy in this population.
The impact of digital training and mentoring on early childhood education teachers’ knowledge and practices related to nutrition and health
Authors: Herawati Netti , B Nuraeni , R Efendi , Y Herlina , N Kusumaningtyas , Zam R Zam , Rudianto  , Y Natakusuma , AM Ramadhan
Published: January 2025

This pre-post intervention study aims to evaluate the impact of digital training and mentoring on early childhood education (ECE) teachers' knowledge and practices related to nutrition and health. The sample consisted of 963 teachers with a minimum of two years of experience. Teachers participated in two days of digital training program, while mentors underwent three days of training and received monthly technical guidance through digital sessions. They mentored teachers before the implementation phase and conducted monitoring sessions twice a month during four months of implementation. A paired-sample t-test revealed a significant increase in teachers' scores, from 61 to 71 (p = 0.019), exceeding the minimum standard (score ≥70). The proportion of ECE teachers with scores according to minimum standards (≥70) before intervention was 39% and significantly increased to 57%. The digital training with mentoring significantly increased the ECE teachers’ knowledge and practices of nutrition and health. All competency items also significantly increased. All teachers implemented the nutrition programs, provided health services, and created a healthy school environment in ECE centers. They submit anthropometric data and tuberculosis incidence reports every month. We recommend the future research design training material based on the teacher assessment, focusing on topics that teachers have not yet mastered. Additionally, research questions should be designed to explore the underlying reasons for observed outcomes.
The risk factors of dyslipidaemia and obesity incidence: Result from 2019 cohort study of NCDs in Bogor City
Authors: Dwi Cantika Aulia , Ekayanti Ikeu , Sudikno Sudikno
Published: January 2025

Dietary intake and lifestyle factors contribute to dyslipidaemia and obesity, both of which elevate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. This study utilized secondary data and using multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the influence of gender, education, calorie intake, carbohydrates, and fiber on dyslipidemia and obesity. The study indicated that energy and carbohydrate consumption, along with educational attainment, influenced dyslipidaemia and obesity. In conclusion, inadequate fiber consumption elevated dyslipidaemia and obesity by 2.63 times compared to adequate fibre intake. Men had an 81.3% greater probability of being free from dyslipidaemia and obesity compared to women.
Effect of okra mucilage addition on antioxidant properties of purple okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) pudding
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Damayanthi Evy , Nasution Zuraidah
Published: January 2025

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a type of vegetable popular in various parts of the world. Okra has bioactive components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins that have the potential as antioxidants and anti-inflammatories [1]. Based on Utami (2018), purple okra has a higher phenol content and quercetin levels (2,034 ± 70.474 mg GAE 100 g-1 and 3,965 ± 0.449 mg 100 g-1) compared to green okra (1,807 ± 60.332 mg GAE 100 g-1 and 1,849 ± 0.449 mg 100 g-1) [2]. Not only okra pods, but okra mucilage is also proven to contain bioactive components that have health benefits for the human body. Bioactive compounds in purple okra mucilage, can be utilized in functional food. This study determined the effect of mucilage addition on the antioxidant properties of purple okra pudding. The addition of mucilage significantly (p<0.001) affected the antioxidant activity tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Purple okra pudding with 20% mucilage has the highest antioxidant activity, which is 59.02% free radical inhibition that is equivalent with 24.95 mg vitamin C g-1 extract, and an IC50 value of 351.23. However, the addition of mucilage did not have a significant effect on total flavonoids and phenol content (p>0.05).
Optimization of ready-to-drink Chrysanthemum flower tea formulation based on bioactive compounds and sensory properties
Authors: Julianti Elisa , Masniary Lubis Linda , Gunawan Michael
Published: January 2025

This study aims to optimize the formulation of ready-to-drink Chrysanthemum flower tea using Response Surface Methodology-Box Behnken Design (RSM-BBD) to meet modern consumer preferences for health-oriented and convenient beverages. The optimal formulation was determined based on maximizing bioactive compounds, including total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant activity and sensory acceptability. The best formulation involved brewing 2 g of Chrysanthemum flower powder in water at 90°C with 14.281% sugar. This formulation yielded a total phenolic content of 535.752 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 49.909 mg QE/g, and anthocyanin content of 5.929 mg/L, indicating significant health-promoting properties. Sensory evaluations highlighted the formulation's excellent taste, aroma, and color, making it highly appealing to consumers. The findings have practical implications for the beverage industry, providing a scientific basis for developing functional and consumer-friendly herbal drinks. This optimized Chrysanthemum tea formulation aligns with the growing demand for health- conscious products that combine nutritional benefits with sensory satisfaction.
Nutrient loss due to food waste in urban households: Insights from Bogor City, Indonesia
Authors: Mayang Soliha Annisa , Briawan Dodik , Meti Dwiriani Cesilia , Dhiyani Swamilaksita Prita
Published: January 2025

Background: Food waste (FW) has become a pressing global issue, contributing significantly to nutrient loss and significantly achieving sustainable healthy diets. Urban households, in urban particular, are among the primary contributors to this problem. Objective: This study aims to analyze nutrient loss resulting from food waste in households. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure food waste (FW) over eight days using the SNI 19-3964-1994 method. Stratified random sampling was employed to select 110 households, targeting housewives aged 30-55 years who manage household food and own a refrigerator. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.0, Microsoft Excel 2019, and the Wasted Daily Diets (WDD) method. The nutritional content of food waste was assessed using the 2017 Indonesian Food Composition Table, encompassing energy, macronutrients, fiber, iron, and vitamins A and C. Results: The average food waste amounted to 78.38 g per capita per day, resulting in nutrient losses of 122.71 kcal of energy along with seven other nutrients. Conclusions: Annually, 28.23 kg of food per capita is wasted. If recovered, this amount could provide sufficient energy and nutrients to sustain one person for eight days. This study highlights the urgent need to raise public awareness about reducing food waste and promoting sustainable, healthy diets. Initiatives such as food sharing can help prevent waste while addressing nutritional issues, including iron deficiencies.
Profile, correlation, and regression of erythrocyte index in Indonesian local fat-tailed sheep at pregnancy periods various until lactation
Authors: Mudawamah Mudawamah , Anggita A. , Lestari M.W. , Afroni M.Y. , Ciptadi G. , Oktanella Y.
Published: January 2025

Indonesian Local Fat-Tailed sheep called Sapudi are very adaptive to rural farming conditions. This study aimed to analyze the erythrocyte index in Sapudi ewes at various periods of pregnancy until lactation as basic information for breeding ewes. This research method was a case study with sampling criteria of physically healthy ewes and three periods of pregnancy, including early pregnancy (EP), mid-pregnancy (MP), late pregnancy (LP), and lactating ewes (LT). The status of non-pregnant ewes (NP) was used as a control. Data analysis used statistics descriptive of the IBM SPSS 19 program. The variables observed were MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume ), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobine), and MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobine). The results showed that the profile of the erythrocyte index tended to differ in each period from pregnancy, lactation, and control. Statistically, the erythrocyte index was significantly different (p <0.05) only in the MCHC variable; the correlation value and regression significance of MCHC with MCH and MCV were 0.99 and 0.44, while the correlation of MCV and MCH was 0.58. This study concluded that the erythrocyte index in MCHC significantly increased by 6.46% in the EP phase and tended to decrease in the MP, LP, and LT phases by 8.02%, 5.41%, and 7.1% compared to the control (NP). A positive correlation of MCHC and MCH with the regression equation y = 4.40 + 2.05X. The study recommended that the breeding management of the sheep should be divided into three minimums: non-pregnant ewes, early pregnant ewes, and middle pregnant until lactation ewes.
Analysis of diabetes mellitus screening method based on electrical properties of cells using dielectric method
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Juswono Unggul Pundjung , Santoso Didik Rahadi , Widodo Chomsin Sulistya
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most dangerous diseases in the world because every year, people with diabetes always increase. Methods development for diagnosing diabetes mellitus was carried out to obtain better results. This study aims to analyze diabetes mellitus screening methods based on the electrical properties of cells using the dielectric method. This study used 90 mice (Mus musculus) as experimental subjects. Mice were divided into six groups: one group without streptozotocin injection (Control) and five groups injected with streptozotocin. Streptozotocin doses given were 10 mg/KgBW (P1), 15 mg/KgBW (P2), 20 mg/KgBW (P3), 25 mg/KgBW (P4), and 30 mg/KgBW (P5). Mice that had experienced hyperglycemia had their dielectric constant measured using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and changes in cell morphology were observed using a binocular microscope. The results showed that the dielectric constant value of the control group was 35000, the pre-diabetes group (P1 and P2) was 35000 to 20000, while the acute diabetes mellitus group (P3, P4, and P5) was below 20000. The results of histopathological observations identified five types of specific cell damage, namely microcytes (9%), hypochromic (11%), burr cells (20%), schistocytes (20%), and macrocytic hypochromic (40%). Electrical properties of cells in the form of dielectric constants can show area dispersion at different levels of diabetes. The results of dielectric constant measurements correlate with the histopathological picture. Percentage of accumulated damage is 32% (P1); 40% (P2); 55% (P3); 65% (P4); and 74% (P5). The dielectric method can be used as an alternative method for screening diabetes mellitus based on the electrical properties of cells.
Enhancement of superoxide dismutase gene expression in mice following the administration of cinnamon bark extract
Authors: Ahda Yuni , Rahma Mustika , Nilasari Ratna , Lyrawati Diana
Published: January 2025

Proliferation of free radicals in the body, particularly in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces oxidative stress. One can enhance the antioxidant levels in the body by ingesting antioxidant substances. The cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is rich in flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, coumarins, and polyfunctional organic acids. These compounds can serve as significant antioxidants in neutralizing radicals. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of cinnamon extract on the expression of the superoxidase dismutase (SOD) gene in hepatocytes and spermatozoa of male mice. The treatments included: C: no administration of cinnamon extract, T1: administration of cinnamon extract at a concentration of 75 mg/kgBW, T2: administration of cinnamon extract at a concentration of 150 mg/kgBW. The amount of SOD cDNA after cinnamon extract administration was quantified using quantitative real-time PCR with β-Actin as internal control. This study shows that cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) had a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05) on the upregulation of the superoxidase dismutase (SOD) gene expression in sperm (3.44) as well as liver cells (3,73) of male mice. The optimal dosage is 150 mg/kg body weight.
Pediatric cylindrical battery ingestion
Authors: Boccia Maria , Pugliese Manuela , Cantelli Marika , Fierro Alessandro , Turco Rossella , Gragnaniello Piergiorgio , Salatto Alessia , Carangelo Ludovica , Caldore Mariano , Quitadamo Paolo
Published: January 2025

Accidental ingestion of batteries is well documented in pediatric medical literature, but very few data exist in pediatric medical literature about ingestions of cylindrical batteries (CBs). The aim of our study was to evaluate the features, clinical presentation and clinical outcome of children who have ingested CBs.

All children admitted for CB ingestion were retrospectively recruited. Clinical data until hospital discharge were accurately recorded, including child age and sex, ingestion modality, signs and symptoms following ingestion, type of CB, results of neck-chest-abdominal x-ray performed to assess the retention site of CB, outcome of endoscopic removal, and whether performed.

Forty-five children (males/females: 26/19; age range: 7–168 months; mean age ± standard deviation: 42 ± 33.9 months) were enrolled. Of them, 15 of 45 (33.3%) had ingested AA batteries whereas 30 of 45 (66.6%) had ingested AAA batteries. CBs were retained in the esophagus in two of 45 children (4.4%), in the stomach in 19 of 45 children (42.2%), and in the duodenum or beyond in the remaining 24 of 45 children (53.3%). None of the patients who underwent endoscopic removal (12/45) had any esophageal or gastric mucosal lesions. No cases of intestinal perforation or surgical complications were reported.

According to our study data, conservative management may be advised for the majority of cases of CB ingestion. However, we acknowledge that CB should be timely removed whenever they are A23 or A27 type, damaged prior to ingestion, in cases of multiple ingestion, whenever retained in the stomach for a prolonged period, or whenever a child complains about any clinical signs or symptoms or had undergone prior abdominal surgery.
Efficient methods for extracting superconducting resonator loss in the single-photon regime
Authors: Chen Cliff , Perello David , Aghaeimeibodi Shahriar , Marcaud Guillaume , Jarrige Ignace , Lee Hanho , Fon Warren , Matheny Matt , Gao Jiansong
Published: January 2025

Superconducting micro-resonators have application in sensors and quantum computing. Measurement of the resonator internal loss in the single-photon regime is a common tool to study the origins of dissipation, noise, and decoherence in quantum circuits, as well as characterization of materials used for quantum devices. However, such measurements are challenging and time-consuming with large uncertainties due to the poor signal-to-noise ratio when measured at single-photon power levels. We developed methods to extract a subset of the resonator fitting parameters at high power and fix them in the analysis of low power data, which reduce the parameter space in the regression analysis. By comparing the analysis with and without partial extraction, we show that these methods reduce the uncertainty of the results, while improving the robustness and efficiency of the loss measurement.
An experimental platform for investigating astrophysically relevant magnetized plasma jets on the COBRA facility
Authors: Lavine E. S. , Lund D. A. , Freeman E. , Potter W. M. , Seyler C. E. , Kusse B. R.
Published: January 2025

A new platform has been developed for the 1-MA COBRA generator to investigate the physical processes affecting the formation, collimation, and stability of high-speed outflows in magnetically driven laboratory plasma jets. Such experiments serve as diagnostically accessible surrogates for astrophysical jets under the assumption that the underlying dynamics are scale invariant. In contrast to previous current driven high energy density laboratory jet experiments that use radial/conical wire arrays or foils, the platform described here uses azimuthally symmetric gas-puff injection. This avoids the ablation phase from a solid target, allowing the jets to develop earlier and be driven longer without depleting their mass source and disrupting. A permanent magnet provides an initial poloidal magnetic field, which links the two concentric electrodes and mimics the boundary conditions of a star-accretion disk system. Extended magnetohydrodynamic effects can be assessed using a polarity convolute, which allows for reversal of the electrode bias. The resulting plasma jets exhibit remarkable stability, persisting for hundreds of nanoseconds and achieving aspect ratios ≳30:1.
Bayesian inference for the parameters of the generalized logistic distribution under a combined framework of generalized type-I and type-II hybrid censoring schemes with application to physical data
Authors: Hasaballah Mustafa M. , Balogun Oluwafemi Samson , Bakr M. E.
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the Bayesian inference of parameters for the generalized logistic distribution, utilizing a combined framework of generalized type-I and type-II hybrid censoring schemes. The research addresses limitations in existing censoring methods by proposing a flexible model that enhances practical applicability in reliability and life-testing studies. Key objectives include the development of maximum likelihood estimators and asymptotic confidence intervals, alongside Bayesian estimation techniques using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. These advancements facilitate the computation of credible intervals under various loss functions, thereby improving estimation efficiency. The paper also includes a comprehensive analysis of real-world datasets and simulation experiments to validate the proposed methodologies. A comparative evaluation of different estimators highlights the superiority of the combined framework of generalized type-I and type-II hybrid censoring schemes, providing valuable insights into the reliability and performance of the estimators. Overall, this research contributes significantly to the understanding and application of the generalized logistic distribution, offering practical tools for researchers and practitioners in the field of reliability engineering.
In dopant enabled resonant level for thermoelectric enhancements in PbSnGeTe3
Authors: Zhang Dan , Zhao Manzhe , Liu Jiandong , Wang Hongli , He Ping , San Xingyuan , Yang Junyou , Luo Yubo , Wang Shufang
Published: January 2025

Resonant level engineering is an effective strategy to increase the Seebeck coefficient of thermoelectric semiconductors for high performance. Herein, we report a significant enhancement of the thermoelectric performance of PbSnGeTe3 over a wide temperature region through the In doping induced resonant level. Due to the simultaneously strengthened effective mass by inducing resonant levels nearby the Fermi level and decreased carrier concentration, a considerably improved Seebeck coefficient is obtained in In-doped PbSnGeTe3 and thereby the greatly increased power factor. The decreased carrier concentrations resulting from In substitution can also suppress the electronic thermal conductivity for a decreased thermal conductivity. The enhanced power factor and reduced thermal conductivity finally contribute to an extraordinarily high average ZT of 0.93 between 300 and 773 K in PbSnGeTe3. These observations demonstrate the viability of resonant levels in advancing thermoelectric materials with intrinsically high carrier concentrations.
Strategy and mechanism of roll attitude regulation for a flying wing aircraft via leading-edge vortex and recirculation zone manipulation
Authors: Wang Qi-Ming , Feng Li-Hao
Published: January 2025

The flying wing configuration represents an advanced tailless aerodynamic design. However, due to its lack of lateral-directional stability, it tends to experience wing rock at high angles of attack, posing challenges for attitude control. This manuscript proposes a synergistic control strategy based on the mechanism of leading-edge vortex (LEV) control and recirculation zone (RZ) control, achieved through inward-directed jets at the leading edge. Wind tunnel experiments demonstrate that this strategy enables a continuously variable regulation of the roll attitude between 27° to the right and 27° to the left, exhibiting control capabilities comparable to ailerons. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of the flow field and pressure indicates interactions between the jet and the flow structures cause asymmetrical effects on the pressures on both wing sides, thus generating a positive rolling moment. Specifically, the jet-induced vortex (JIV) generated by LEV control lifts the LEV, distancing it from the wing surface, thereby reducing the vortex lift. Additionally, JIV enhances the normal oscillation of the LEV, leading to LEV breakdown and a decrease in the induced negative pressure peak. RZ control injects momentum into the RZ and reduces its size, thereby suppressing flow separation and enhancing the negative pressure on that side of the wing. The above investigation establishes a crucial foundation for substituting conventional mechanical control surfaces and achieving virtual aerodynamic surface control.