bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Hurdle Jump Training Method to Improve Blocking Ability in Volley Ball Games at the ALVC Club in North Bengkulu Regency
Authors: Setiawan Doni , Sutisyana Ari , Syafrial
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode latihan hurdle jump untuk meningkatkan kemampuan blocking dalam permainan bola boli pada klub ALVC di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan metode “the one group pre-test post-test”. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 35 orang dan yang digunakan sebagai sample penelitian ialah 25 orang. Teknik pengambilan data ialah tes kemampuan blocking bola voli. Dari data yang diperoleh nilai rata-rata pre-test sebesar 23,6 dan nilai rata-rata post-test sebesar 27,08 dengan selisih 3,48. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa selisih mean antara pre-test dan post-test siswa setelah mengikuti program latihan selama 16 kali pertemuan menunjukan presentase peningkatan 14,74% terhadap kemampuan blocking. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai thitung=1,722 > ttabel=1,711. Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan α=(0,05) dimana hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada latihan Hurdle jump tehadap kemampuan blocking permainan bola voli klub ALVC Bengkulu Utara.
Kata Kunci: Blocking, Bola Voli, Hurdle Jump, Kemampuan.
 
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the effect of hurdle jump training methods to improve blocking ability in boli ball games at the ALVC club in North Bengkulu Regency. Quantative is the type of research used by this research with a quasi- experimental research design with the method "the one group pretest posttest". The study population was 35 people and the study sample was 25 people. The data retrieval technique is a test of volleyball block ability. From the data obtained, the average pre-test score was 23.6 and the average post-test score was27.08 with a difference of 3.48. The results of this study showed that the mean difference between pre-test and post-test students after participating in the exercise program for 16 meetings showed a percentage increase of 14.74% in blocking ability. Based on the results of the study, the value of tcalculate = 1.722>ttable = 1.711. Based on the results of the study, the value of tcalculate = 1.722> ttable = 1.711. Based on statistical tests with α = (0.05) which shows that there is a significant influence of Hurdle jump training on blocking ability in the volleyball game of the ALVC North Bengkulu club.
Keywords: Ability, Block, Hurdle Jump, Volleyball
Perceptions of Physical Education Teachers, Sports and Health towards Merdeka Belajar in Public High Schools throughout the City of Bengkulu
Authors: Nugraha Ade Setya , Sugihartono Tono , Nopiyanto Yahya Eko
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Persepsi Guru Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan Terhadap Medeka Belajar Di SMA Negeri Se- Kota Bengkulu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode survei. Subjek penelitian 20 guru SMA Negeri Pendidikan Jasmani Se-Kota Bengkulu dengan Purposive sampling. Menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, display data, kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil dari kuesioner terhadap 20 responden mendapatkan nilai rata rata 74% berada dalam kategori baik dan dari hasil wawancara mendapatkan nilai rata rata 62% sehingga persepsi guru terhadap Merdeka belajar di sma negeri se-kota Bengkulu berada di kategori baik.
Kata Kunci: Persepsi Guru PJOK, Merdeka belajar
ABSTRACT
This research aims to determine the perceptions of Physical Education, Sports, and Health teachers towards learning media in state high schools throughout the city of Bengkulu. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach using survey methods. The research subjects were 20 Public High School Physical Education teachers in Bengkulu City using purposive sampling. Using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation data collection techniques. Data analysis used in this research is data reduction, data display, and conclusions/verification. The results of the questionnaire for 20 respondents got an average score of 74% in the good category and from the results of the interviews, they got an average score of 62% so that teachers' perceptions of Merdeka learning in public high schools throughout the city of Bengkulu were in the good category.
Keywords: PJOK Teacher Perception, Freedom to learn
Bantuan Teknis dalam Kajian Kelayakan Struktur Panggung Crocodile Attack Railing di Bali Safari Marine Park Gianyar-Bali
Authors: Partama I Gusti Ngurah Eka , Karma Made Prarabda , Ardana Putu Doddy Heka , Astariani Ni Kadek
Published: June 2024

PT. Jaya Graha Utama (PT. JGU) merupakan vendor di Bali Safari Marine Park (BSMP) yang ditugaskan merehabilitasi Panggung Crocodile Attack Railing (PCAR), namun belum ada rujukan yang dipakai untuk melakukan tindakan tersebut.  PT. JGU berkolaborasi dengan  Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Ngurah Rai (FST UNR) melalui kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) selanjutnya menjadi mitra. Tim PkM FST UNR dibentuk bertujuan melakukan kajian struktur dan menyusun rencana tindakan rehabilitasi PCAR yang diperlukan. Tim FST UNR mengaplikasikan Metode Difusi Ipteks dalam PkM ini yaitu: Mutu beton, formasi tulangan, analisa struktur masing-masing memanfaatkan perangkat hammer test,  scanning rebar locator dan Program SAP2000. Kajian ini merekomendasikan lantai panggung diganti dengan pelat tebal 10cm, dimensi tinggi balok diperbesar menjadi 15x40cm, 25x45cm, penambahan kolom Æ35cm pada pangkal panggung dan kolom lain dipertahankan. Hasil kajian serta rekomendasinya disusun dalam bentuk buku yang disimpan dalam file dan menjadi dokumen penting dalam  melakukan rehabilitasi PCAR di BSMP.
Pengembangan Branding Lokal Berkelanjutan: Mempromosikan Produk Unggulan dan Pariwisata Daerah melalui Pemasaran Berbasis Komunitas
Authors: Harahap Muhammad , Bilgies Ana , Nurjanah Sisti , Syamsuri  , Wijayanto Gatot
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini menjelaskan strategi pengembangan branding lokal melalui pemasaran berbasis komunitas untuk memajukan sektor pariwisata dan mempromosikan produk unggulan di tingkat daerah. Dengan studi literatur dan analisis data, artikel ini menyoroti kompleksitas dan relevansi branding lokal dalam meningkatkan citra produk dan destinasi pariwisata daerah. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa strategi pemasaran yang melibatkan komunitas efektif dalam mendorong partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam promosi produk lokal dan daya tarik wisata setempat. Melalui keterlibatan langsung dengan komunitas, brand lokal dapat meningkatkan kesadaran, penghargaan, dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak, termasuk penduduk lokal dan wisatawan. Kolaborasi antara industri, pemerintah daerah, dan masyarakat kunci dalam menerapkan strategi branding yang berkelanjutan, yang pada akhirnya berdampak positif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal dan pembangunan komunitas.
Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Mikroskop Digital dalam Konservasi Koleksi Kain Songket Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II
Authors: Puspasari Shinta , Gustriansyah Rendra , Sanmorino Ahmad , Hersilava Ditho , Fathurahman Ade
Published: June 2024

Konservasi kain tenun songket Palembang dilaksanakan di Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II (SMBII). Serat benang yang ditenun menjadi kain Songket berukuran kecil dan diperlukan perangkat mikroskop untuk melihat serat benang dengan jelas sebelum ditentukan mekanisme kon-servasi yang sesuai dengan kerusakan kain. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dengan memberikan pendampingan pemanfaatan mikroskop digital dalam konservasi koleksi kain songket. Mikroskop digital digunakan untuk memperbesar tampilan serat benang emas kain Songket apakah terdapat kerusakan atau tidak. Kegiatan diawali pengaturan terhadap perangkat mikroskop digital untuk dimanfaatkan dalam kajian konservasi kain Songket dan dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan pemanfaatan mikroskop oleh peserta. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa pengguna dengan mudah dapat memanfaatkan perangkat mikroskop digital untuk menampilkan serat benang kain Songket yang mengalami kerusakan dan memerlukan konservasi. Dengan kegiatan PkM ini diharapkan dapat memudahkan museum SMBII dalam melakukan konservasi dan tugas pembelajaran di museum serta berdampak pada penguatan ketahanan warisan budaya kain Songket Palembang di era digital.
Increasing the Utilization of Health Facilities through Education: Case Study in Gentungang Village, West Bajeng District, Gowa Regency
Authors: Muallima Nur , Aras Dara Ugi , Ibrahim Juliani
Published: June 2024

A vital component that supports human life's well-being is health. World Health Organization (WHO) and Indonesia's Law No. 36 of 2009 both define health as the state of being physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially. Another acknowledged basic human right is health. This study emphasizes the value of public health programs that target the general public and work to prevent and improve health. Nonetheless, the community has not made the best use of the healthcare facilities that are available. The purpose of this study is to raise public awareness of health care facilities and encourage greater usage of them. The approach is outreach through talks, panel discussions, and Q&A sessions. The results show that public awareness of health facilities is quite high, yet incomplete information leads to difficulties in using available facilities. In order to increase public awareness and trust in government health services, comprehensive education and clear information are essential.
Removing Barriers to Degree Completion: The Dennis-Montagnino TEAMS Model for Student-Centered Transfer Credit
Authors: Dennis Michelle , Montagnino Christa
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the development of a comprehensive framework from which to engage with the process of college transfer credit. The Dennis-Montagnino Transparency, Empowerment, Attainability, Mentorship, and Sustainability (TEAMS) Model provides guidelines for the development of clear and accessible policy that serves to empower students and institutions alike. Further, the model outlines effective practices for improving the attainability of credit through streamlined and engaging practices, such as mentorship. Sustainability is discussed in the context of relevant innovations in the higher education landscape. Future directions, including the design and implementation of a pilot are discussed.
Resistance and Change in Form and Content of International Law: A Third World Perspective on Commodity Form Theory of International Law
Authors: Azeem Muhammed
Published: June 2024

Can Marxists, especially in the Third World, use international law for progressive social change? Responding
to the Soviet Union's context and its jurisprudential challenges in constructing socialism, Pashukanis's
seminal work on commodity form theory is nihilistic, assuming the very nature of form of international
law as bourgeois with limited possibilities of radical change as its new content. European Marxism, on the
other hand, in its context of revolutionary defeat and consequent postmodernist pessimism of cultural
Marxism, either relies on Pashukanis's nihilistic position or a pragmatist and realist posture, insisting on
staying within the law's bourgeois form and being content with social democracy. As opposed to this,
Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) scholars, while exploring the imperialist nature of
international law and representing one variant of Third World Marxism, have been more optimistic, wanting
to use international law to restrain and shield against powerful Western states, i.e., they believe that the
content of Third World resistance can change the form of international law. This article deconstructs this
class “content” of international law in the understanding of TWAIL and shows the postcolonial Third World
states, and even in the yet to be independent states, were dominated by their dependent local elite, which
had compromised by the ex-colonizers and had started blocking radical structural changes in Third World.
Soon, the target of imperialism and the Third World elite became radical movements in the Third World,
and this struggle of the marginalized shaped international law. Therefore, relying on the radical tradition
of Third World Marxism and taking the right of self-determination as an example, this article argues that
both the content and form of international law were simultaneously used, subverted, and changed in a
dialectical and dynamic way by the resistance of the people of the Third World.
Yaşamı Anlamlandırmanın Bir Yolu: Üç Hikâye Üzerinden “Para Karate”
Authors: Yavuz Ülfet , Yavuz Sevilcan , Çetintaş Yasin , Uslu Serdar
Published: June 2024

Para karate sporcularının bu branşa başlama ve devam etme motivasyonlarının neler olduğunu ve bu süreçte karşılaştıkları zorlukları belirlemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma nitel metodoloji ile tasarlanmıştır. Katılımcıların deneyimlerini onların öyküleri aracılığı ile anlayıp tekrar aktarmayı hedeflediğimiz bu çalışmada biyografik ve psikolojik yaklaşımlar doğrultusunda anlatı analizi kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme ve ölçüt örneklemin beraber kullanıldığı bu çalışmada katılımcıların belirlenmesi sürecinde önceden oluşturulmuş ölçütlere göre bir tarama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu ölçütler doğrultusunda çalışma grubunu para karatede bedensel engel kategorisinde uluslararası yarışmalara katılan ve Türkiye Karate Federasyonuna bağlı olan 3 kadın sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanarak yüz yüze yapılan bireysel görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Görüşme ses kaydından elde edilen veriler ve görüşme notları araştırmacılar tarafından tekrar tekrar okunarak analiz edilmiş, temalar belirlenerek araştırma soruları çerçevesinde bulgulara dönüştürülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, orta yaşların başında para karateye başlayan bedensel engelli kadın sporculardan oluşan katılımcıların para karate yoluyla hayatlarında yeni bir rol edindikleri ve böylece hem mental hem sosyal hem de fiziksel olarak daha sağlıklı hissettikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcılar para karateye son nefeslerine kadar devam etmek istediklerini ve araladıkları bu kapının daima açık kalabilmesi için yaşı ya da cinsiyeti ne olursa olsun daha çok engelli bireyin spora teşvik edilmesi gerektiğini dile getirmişlerdir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, engelli bireylerin spor ortamlarına daha cesur bir şekilde katılabilmeleri için fırsatların arttırılmasının gerektiği yorumu yapılabilir.
The first intermediate host of the invasive frog trematode Glypthelmins quieta in Japan
Authors: Ansai E , Nitta M , Saito T , Kojima Y , Waki T
Published: June 2024

Glypthelmins quieta is a frog trematode native to North and Central America. This trematode was recently detected in Japan in the American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus, which was introduced from North America to Japan. As the first intermediate host of G. quieta, typically a snail, has not yet been identified in Japan, we conducted a snail survey in eastern Japan to screen for an intermediate host using DNA barcoding based on the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. We sampled 3 different snail species, Orientogalba ollula, Physella acuta, and Sinotaia quadrata histrica (157 individuals in total), and only the freshwater snail Physella acuta, which is also believed to have been introduced from North America to Japan, had sporocysts of G. quieta in its hepatopancreas. The introduction of the intermediate and definitive hosts from North America may have facilitated the invasion of G. quieta into Japan.
Contrasting migratory ecology of two threatened and allochronic storm-petrels breeding in the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Medrano F , Hernández-Montoya J , Saldanha S , Bedolla-Guzmán Y , González-Solís J
Published: June 2024

Migration is an essential life stage in many species, but is little understood in some groups, e.g. storm-petrels. Considering that storm-petrels reside in non-breeding areas for over half of their lifespan, identifying these areas is a priority for conservation efforts. Townsend’s Hydrobates socorroensis and Ainley’s storm-petrels H. cheimomnestes are 2 threatened sister species, breeding allochronically on Guadalupe Island (Mexican Pacific), for which migratory patterns are unknown. In this article, we describe the non-breeding areas of these 2 species, assess artificial light events recorded by geolocators, and describe the birds’ daily activity patterns. We deployed geolocators from 2021 to 2023 and modeled migratory routes using SGAT. We successfully tracked 7 Townsend’s and 4 Ainley’s storm-petrels over their non-breeding period. Townsend’s storm-petrels were found to travel to the south of the Baja California Peninsula and spent most of the time in Mexican waters, while Ainley’s storm-petrels migrated toward Hawaii and spent most of the time on the high seas. For the Townsend’s storm-petrels, 16.1% of their core areas are in protected waters, whereas for Ainley’s storm-petrel, only 0.7% of the core areas are protected, and 0.8% of those areas are recognized as key biodiversity areas (KBAs). Further, our findings indicate that both species are mainly nocturnal, making them highly susceptible to the impacts of light pollution; we detected 6 artificial light events. Our findings also support the hypothesis that divergence in the migration patterns between allochronic populations could be a crucial factor in sympatric speciation, which seems likely in seasonal environments like the northern Pacific.
Fine-scale spatial distribution of a fish community in artificial reefs investigated using an underwater drone and environmental DNA analysis
Authors: Miyajima-Taga Y , Sato M , Oi K , Furuichi N , Inoue N
Published: June 2024

Although artificial reef (AR) effect evaluation is useful for planning the installation of high-rise ARs and their management, few studies have investigated them quantitatively. The fine-scale 2-dimensional fish distribution in ARs was estimated regarding current fields and vertical structures of 2 high-rise ARs (20 and 30 m high at 62 and 72 m depths, respectively) in Tateyama Bay, central Japan, using underwater drone recordings with vertical line transects and environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. The species detected by video surveys (21 taxa were identified to species, and 1 to genus) were fewer than by eDNA analysis (103 species and 6 genera), especially for pelagic, small-sized, and cryptic fish. Video surveys revealed that demersal fish increased with decreasing horizontal distance from the AR surface within 20 m, and the richness and total fish density were significantly higher upstream of the ARs. Conversely, the fish eDNA concentration showed different patterns, with significantly higher concentrations downstream of the ARs. The richness peaked at horizontal AR surfaces (e.g. reef top), but density of the dominant species peaked near the bottom by video survey. In comparison, eDNA analysis indicated lower richness and higher eDNA concentration of the dominant species at the reef top. Such discrepancies may be explained by the influence of eDNA transport or its specific behavior or buoyancy. Video surveys revealed the growth stage and sex information of 4 species from their morphology, which is not possible using eDNA analysis. This study shows that the advantages of each evaluation method can complement each other.
Ecological drivers of parrotfish coral predation vary across spatial scales
Authors: Rempel HS , Bodwin KN , Burkepile DE , Adam TC , Altieri AH , Barton EM , Francisca RL , Goodman MC , Lamore RJ , Lippert M , Marroquín M , O’Rourke TC , VanderBloomer PD , Ruttenberg BI
Published: June 2024

Parrotfishes (Labridae: Scarini) are widely recognized for their important functional role in reducing coral-algae competition by grazing algae, yet some species are also coral predators (corallivores) and thereby have direct negative impacts on corals they prey upon. To better understand the ecological drivers of parrotfish corallivory intensity, we compared patterns of relative predation scar size and abundance across spatial scales from individual coral colonies (<1 to several meters in size), to reefs within islands (1 to 10s of km), to 4 regions across the Greater Caribbean (100s to 1000s of km) including Panamá, Florida, St. Croix, and Bonaire. Across reef sites, there was a positive correlation of both parrotfish density and biomass with the relative coral area preyed upon, but not predation scar abundance. While there was no apparent site-level effect of coral cover on corallivory intensity, we found that the abundance of colonies preyed upon was positively correlated with both coral diversity and the proportional cover of frequently targeted coral taxa within localized 30 m2 reef areas. At the scale of individual coral colonies, we found that while numerous coral taxa were preyed upon, corallivory was concentrated on a few species across regions, such as Orbicella spp., Porites spp., and Stephanocoenia intersepta. Our findings suggest that while increased parrotfish densities may result in an increased coral area preyed upon across reefs, corallivory intensity within reefs may decrease in response to declines in the cover of frequently targeted coral taxa and overall coral diversity.Spanish and Papiamentu versions of the abstract are provided in the Supplement at www.int-res.com/articles/suppl/m740p145_supp.pdf
Sistem Informasi Mall Sampah Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Extreme Programing
Authors: Iqbal Muhamad , Sujana Dadang , Prasetyo Doni
Published: June 2024

CV. Izhar Jaya Mandiri menghadapi masalah pengelolaan barang sampah yang belum terorganisir dengan baik karena adanya banyak pengepul yang menawarkan barang. Hal ini menyulitkan pembeli untuk menemukan barang yang diinginkan dan juga membuat pengepul kesulitan dalam menawarkan barang. Selain itu, terdapat penumpukan dalam pembelian dari pengepul, yang menyulitkan admin dalam mencatat pembelian secara efisien. Selain itu, CV. Izhar Jaya Mandiri juga mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari mitra yang bersedia membeli bahan olahan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, CV. Izhar Jaya Mandiri telah mengimplementasikan Sistem Informasi Mall Sampah berbasis web. Model ini umumnya menggunakan pendekatan berorientasi objek. Metodologi Extreme Programming (XP) telah diterapkan untuk memfasilitasi pengepul dalam menjual barang. Dengan adanya sistem informasi mall sampah, para pengepul limbah dapat menjual barang dengan mudah melalui situs web yang disediakan.
Kata kunci : , extreme programming mall sampah, website
‘Biological jewels’: the glass models of Herman Oscar Mueller and the role of the specialist museum glassblower (William T. Stearn Student Essay Prize 2022)
Authors: Barber Cameron
Published: June 2024

Bavarian glassblower Herman Oscar Mueller ( fl. 1900s–1960s) was employed for over forty years at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, in his role as a glassblower making intricate glass models of biological subjects. From 1903 to 1945 he produced over one thousand models of invertebrate organisms that combined beauty, morphological accuracy and exceptional glassblowing skill. His talent often surpassed that of the famous Blaschkas of Dresden. Mueller enjoyed worldwide fame in his lifetime, yet his life and models have since fallen into relative obscurity, and few publications record his achievements. In contrast, the Blaschkas are the subject of extensive documentation. To correct this imbalance, Mueller's life and work are here analyzed, drawing on the large collection of primary sources in the Research Library of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, the Library of Congress, Washington DC, and the Rakow Research Library of the Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, New York, amongst others. Mueller's life provides important insights into his highly-specialized role as a museum glassblower, the changing role of natural history collections in the early twentieth century, and the ways in which the lives of important figures can be obscured by a focus on other, better documented individuals.
Of people and plants in West Chester, Pennsylvania: the localisms of William Darlington's Florula Cestrica (1826)
Authors: McColl Ron
Published: June 2024

In 1826, William Darlington (1782–1863) published Florula Cestrica, a local flora covering the area of his hometown of West Chester, Pennsylvania. It was Darlington's first book on botany, but he would subsequently publish many more and become one of the most respected naturalists in America. Intended for both a local and an international audience, the work drew inspiration from the area's rich botanical heritage and served the local collector, while it also announced Darlington's arrival within the larger world of botanical practice. In addition to existing botanical literature, Darlington cited his local and regional botanical influences to bolster his observations. His book identified dozens of specific sites as plant habitats in the West Chester area and included property owners’ names and the uses to which many of his neighbours put the plants growing around them. Darlington's observations were filled with his personal judgments of people and plants, making Florula Cestrica a textual artefact of the embodied practice of botany. Darlington's attention to detail, people and place set his Florula Cestrica apart within the genre of North American local floras.
Charles Plumier’s descriptions and drawings of Antillean birds (1687–1697)
Authors: Pietsch Theodore W. , Marx Beatrice
Published: June 2024

French Minim friar Charles Plumier (1646−1704), well known for his work as a botanist and for his observations made during three expeditions to the West Indies between 1687 and 1697, produced an enormous body of iconographic material held by the Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. Among Plumier’s nearly 6,000 separate images of plants and animals made in the Antilles, birds are represented by 215 drawings, including whole specimens but also numerous detailed views of anatomy, osteological as well as internal soft parts. The bird drawings are here identified, described, and fully catalogued for the first time, and selected drawings are reproduced. Evidence is presented to emphasis the originality and scientific accuracy of Plumier’s accounts.
Personal identity and mental time travel
Authors: Schechtman Marya
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the role of episodic memory, and the broader notion of “mental time travel” (MTT), in constituting personal identity. After arguing that the construal of memory’s role in personal identity found in traditional psychological continuity theories of personal identity is both unrealistic and unsatisfying, the paper endeavors to provide a better account. This begins with recent work in the science and philosophy of memory that sees episodic memory as part of a broader faculty for MTT (which also involves imagination and counterfactual thought). Some of the basic ideas expressed in this work are developed into an account of the connection between MTT with “strong identification” and personal identity. According to this alternative approach, we regularly “borrow affect” from our pasts and futures through forms of remembering, imagining, and counterfactual thinking that involve a particular form of identification with our past and future selves. This activity generates a strong diachronic experience of self, which contributes in important ways to diachronic personal identity. The sense of self generated through MTT is, however, only one piece of a more comprehensive account of personal identity. The paper concludes by describing its place in the larger picture.
Listening to children: theories and ethics of listening
Authors: Mats Mats , Zetterqvist Nelson Karin
Published: June 2024

In many societal contexts, the importance of listening to children is underscored, not seldom with reference to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and especially Article 12 on the right to be heard. But what does it mean to listen to children? A plethora of books on listening to children aimed at professionals and others who meet children in their daily lives are published on a regular basis. However, we miss a critical discussion of listening as such, and more specifically about (good) listening to children, framed within a larger theoretical context. The aim of this article is to discuss listening in relation to monological and dialogical perspectives on communication, as well as in relation to different notions of children as similar to or different from adults. Also discussed is how different theoretical perspectives on listening and listening to children tends to lead to different ethical conclusions regarded what constitutes good listening and listening to children. This is an English translation of an article that was originally published in Swedish in 2022 as “Att lyssna på barn. Om lyssnandets teori och etik” in the Nordic journal Barn (volume 40, issue 3). The translation is published here with permission from the publisher. The original article in Swedish can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.23865/barn.v40.5075
The Effect of an Emotionalizing Sound Design on the Driver’s Choice of Headway in a Driving Simulator
Authors: Petersen Manuel , Deml Barbara , Albers Albert
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the impact of emotionalizing sound design on driving behaviour, focusing on the effect of an acoustic stimulus that varies from positive to negative/threatening based on the vehicle’s time headway (THW). Our primary goal was to explore how this sound influences driving durations within specific THW ranges and the mean THW itself. The experiment utilized a control group and a within-participant setting across simulated driving scenarios. The statistical analysis showed mixed results. While participants in the control group setup did not demonstrate significant reductions in the durations of driving in lower THW ranges, a modest but significant increase in mean THW was observed when the emotionalizing sound was active. However, within-participant comparisons showed both a significant decrease in the duration of driving at lower THWs and an increase in mean THW when the negative stimulus was active, suggesting the stimulus’ effectiveness in promoting safer driving habits. These findings highlight the potential of emotionalizing sound design to influence driver behaviour towards maintaining safer distances, although the impact appears to diminish at higher THW ranges. Future research should further investigate the characteristics of sounds that effectively modify driving behaviour, aiming for broader applications in traffic safety.
Motion Control of a Hybrid Quadruped-Quadrotor Robot
Authors: Ouyang Wenjuan , Chi Haozhen , Lu Leifeng , Wang Chao , Ren Qinyuan
Published: June 2024

Multimodal motion capability is an emerging topic in the robotics field, and this paper presents a hybrid robot system maneuvering in both terrestrial and aerial environments. Firstly, a micro quadruped–quadrotor robot with onboard sensing and computing is developed. This robot incorporates both the high mobility of unmanned aerial vehicles and the long endurance of mobile robots on the ground. A coordinated motion control scheme is then exploited for adaptive terrestrial–aerial motion transition. In this scheme, a bio-inspired terrestrial locomotion controller is proposed to generate various quadruped locomotions, and a model-based aerial locomotion controller is proposed to generate various quadrotor configurations. Then, an unified motion controller for the two subsystems which dynamically adjusts crawling and flying motion in a complicated environment is presented. Consequently, several practical trials are conducted to demonstrate the adaptability and the robustness of the proposed system.
Fuzzy Mathematical Model of Photosynthesis in Jalapeño Pepper
Authors: García-Rodríguez Luz del Carmen , Morales-Viscaya Joel Artemio , Prado-Olivarez Juan , Barranco-Gutiérrez Alejandro Israel , Padilla-Medina José Alfredo , Espinosa-Calderón Alejandro
Published: June 2024

Photosynthesis is one of the essential processes for life on the planet. Photosynthesis cannot be measured directly because this complex process involves different variables; therefore, if some variables of interest are integrated and measured, photosynthesis can be inferred through a mathematical model. This article presents a fuzzy mathematical model to estimate photosynthesis. This approach uses as input variables: Soil moisture, ambient temperature, incident radiation, relative humidity, and leaf temperature. The fuzzy system was trained through data obtained from experiments with jalapeño pepper plants and then validated against the LI-COR Li-6800 equipment. The correlation coefficient (R2) obtained was 0.95, which is a higher value than some published in the literature. Based on the Takagi-Sugeno method, the proposed model was designed and implemented on the MATLAB platform using ANFIS (adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system) to determine the parameters, thus achieving a high-precision model. In addition, the fuzzy model can predict photosynthesis at different temperature changes, soil moisture levels, and light levels. The results of this study indicate the possibility of modeling photosynthesis using the fuzzy logic technique, whose performance is much higher than other methods published in recent articles.
Evaluating the Effect of Fiscal Support for Agriculture on Three-Industry Integration in Rural China
Authors: Li Jing , Liu Haoyang , Chang Wei-Yew
Published: June 2024

The integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, known as three-industry integration, is a crucial strategy for developing rural industries and implementing the rural revitalization initiative in China. The government’s fiscal support for agriculture serves as a cornerstone for the sustainable development of agriculture and rural regions. This study investigates the mechanisms through which fiscal support for agriculture facilitates the integration of the rural three-industry sectors by driving industrial innovation, enhancing the circulation of production factors, and optimizing resource utilization in rural areas. Using panel data from 30 provinces in China spanning from 2008 to 2020, we evaluate the level of three-industry integration in rural areas using an entropy method and analyze the effects of fiscal support for agriculture on this integration. Our findings reveal that: (1) fiscal support for agriculture significantly promotes the incorporated development of rural three-industry integration in China by acting as a catalyst for horizontal and vertical integration; (2) fiscal support enhances rural infrastructure quality, fosters market connectivity, and attracts business clusters, while also optimizing factor markets and facilitating the efficient allocation of land, finance, and resources, thereby enabling new business entities, such as leading enterprises, to benefit from economies of scale and to expand the rural industrial value chain; (3) the effects of fiscal support for agriculture exhibit significant regional and agricultural development heterogeneity, with Central China and major agricultural provinces demonstrating the most pronounced role in promoting rural three-industry integration.
Study on the Mitigation Effect and Promotion Mechanism of Agricultural Digitalization on the Agricultural Land Resource Mismatch
Authors: Hua Junguo , Tian Meng , Zhao Yan , Zhou Kaiyuan , Mei Fuchun
Published: June 2024

The objective of this research is to explore the impact mechanism of agricultural digital transformation in alleviating the mismatch of agricultural land resources and provide an effective path for the formation of new quality agricultural productivity. Using the balance panel data of 29 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, this paper analyzed the mitigation effect and mechanism of agricultural digitalization on agricultural land resource misallocation from the perspectives of land scale management and agricultural socialization services. The results indicate that agricultural digitalization can alleviate the misallocation of agricultural land resources, promote the large-scale management of agricultural land, and improve the level of agricultural socialization services, all significant ways to reduce the mismatch of agricultural land resources. The heterogeneity test showed that the mitigation effect of agricultural digitalization on the agricultural land resource mismatch in eastern and central China and major grain-producing areas was better than that in western China and non-major grain-producing areas. Hence, we ought to strengthen the construction of agricultural digital infrastructures and play into the role of agricultural land scale management and agricultural socialization services in slowing down the mismatch of agricultural land resources.
The Baboon Gene Encodes Three Functionally Distinct Transforming Growth Factor β Type I Receptor Variants in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata
Authors: Zhang Yuxing , Chen Feng , Jin Lin , Li Guoqing
Published: June 2024

The Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) cascade plays a critical role in insect metamorphosis and involves cell-surface receptors known as type I and II, respectively (TβRI and TβRII). In Drosophila melanogaster, the TβRI receptor, Baboon (Babo), consists of three variants (BaboA, BaboB, and BaboC), each with isoform-specific functions. However, the isoforms and functional specifications of Babo in non-Drosophilid insects have not been established. Here, we examined babo transcripts from seven coleopteran species whose genomes have been published and found that mutually exclusive alternative splicing of the third exon produces three babo isoforms, identical to the Drosophila babo gene. The same three transcript variants were accordingly recognized from the transcriptome data of a coleopteran Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of all three babo transcripts at the fourth-instar larval stage hindered gut modeling and arrested larval development in H. vigintioctopunctata. All the resultant larvae became arrested prepupae; they were gradually dried and darkened and, eventually, died. Depletion of HvbaboA rather than HvbaboB or HvbaboC is similar to the phenotypic alterations caused by simultaneous RNAi of all three babo isoforms. Therefore, our results established diverged roles of the three Babo isoforms and highlighted the regulatory role of BaboA during larval-pupal transition in a non-Drosophilid insect species.
Effects of Waterlogging Stress on Root Growth and Soil Nutrient Loss of Winter Wheat at Seedling Stage
Authors: Luo Hao , Liu Shanshan , Song Yifan , Qin Tianling , Xiao Shangbin , Li Wei , Xu Lulu , Zhou Xiaoxiang
Published: June 2024

With global climate change, flooding events are becoming more frequent. However, the mechanism of how waterlogging stress affects crop roots needs to be studied in depth. Waterlogging stress can also lead to soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss, resulting in agricultural surface pollution. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between soil nitrogen and phosphorus distribution, root growth characteristics, and nitrogen and phosphorus loss in runoff water under waterlogging stress during the winter wheat seedling stage. In this paper, Zhengmai 136 was selected as the experimental material, and two water management methods (waterlogging treatment and non-waterlogging control treatment) were set up. Field experiments were conducted at the Wudaogou Hydrological Experimental Station in 2022 to assess the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in runoff water under waterlogging stress. The study also aimed to analyze the nitrogen and phosphorus content and the root distribution characteristics in different soil layers under waterlogging stress. The results showed as the following: 1. Waterlogging stress increased the characteristic parameters of winter wheat roots in both horizontal and vertical directions. Compared with the control treatment, the root length increased by 1.2–29.9% in the waterlogging treatment, while the root surface area and volume increased by an average of 3.1% and 41.9%, respectively. 2. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in waterlogged soils were enriched in the 0–20 cm soil layer, but both tended to decrease in the 20–60 cm soil layer. Additionally, there was an inverse relationship between the distribution of soil nutrients and the distribution of wheat roots. 3. During the seedling stage of winter wheat, nitrogen loss was the main factor in the runoff water. In addition, nitrate nitrogen concentration averaged 55.2% of the total nitrogen concentration, while soluble phosphorus concentration averaged 79.1% of the total phosphorus concentration. 4. The results of redundancy analysis demonstrated that available phosphorus in the soil was the key environmental factor affecting the water quality of runoff water. Total phosphorus and dissolved phosphorus in the water were identified as the dominant factors influencing root growth.
Occurrence and Mechanisms Conferring Multiple Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting and Auxins Mimics Herbicides in Papaver rhoeas from Tunisia
Authors: Chtourou Myriem , Osuna Maria Dolores , Mora Marín Germán , Hada Zeineb , Torra Joel , Souissi Thouraya
Published: June 2024

Herbicide-resistant corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.) is one of the most important broadleaved weeds and the number of resistant cases is still growing. The aims of this study were to confirm the resistance of P. rhoeas from Tunisia to ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics and investigate the mechanisms of Target-Site Resistance (TSR) and Non-Target Site Resistance (NTSR) involved. Dose–response trials to determine cross-resistance patterns for ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics were conducted in a greenhouse. In this study, multiple resistance to tribenuron-methyl and dicamba but not to 2,4-D was found in P. rhoeas populations. Cross-resistance to imazamox was confirmed as well. Sequence analysis of the ALS gene detected target-site mutations in codon 197 of the ALS gene, namely, Pro197His, Pro197Thr, Pro197Leu, and Pro197Asn. In this study, the metabolism experiments with malathion (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) showed that malathion reduced resistance to imazamox, indicating that P450 is involved in the resistance. TSR and NTSR mechanisms to ALS inhibitors likely coexist. The findings of this study revealed a significant synergistic interaction between malathion and dicamba in particular populations, suggesting that the resistance to auxin mimics can be conferred by enhanced metabolism.
Comparative Transcriptome-Based Analysis of the Regulation of Leaf Senescence in the Upper and Middle Canopy of Different Soybean Cultivars
Authors: Wang Nan , Zhang Zhenghao , Li Jiayi , Li Ruoning , Zhang Xuejing , Yao Xingdong , Xie Futi
Published: June 2024

Premature leaf failure is one of the major factors contributing to crop yield reduction. High-yielding soybean cultivars exhibit a longer leaf lifespan during the reproductive period, promoting higher yields. In this experiment, physiological indexes and transcriptomics analysis were carried out on leaves of different canopy parts of two soybean cultivars with different senescence sensitivities of LD32 and SND28 as test materials. The results showed that the leaf senescence rates of the two soybean cultivars, tested at the grain-filling stage, were significantly different, and the senescence rates of the upper and middle canopy leaves of LD32 were significantly lower than those of SND28. In comparison to SND28, LD32 exhibited slower decreases in chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values in the upper and middle canopy leaves. The differentially expressed genes for senescence of upper and middle canopy leaves of both cultivars were enriched in four pathways: the photosynthesis pathway, the photosynthesis–antenna protein pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway–plant hormone signal transduction pathway, and the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. The differential expression of 20 genes (Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, etc.) in the “carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms” pathway of LD32 may be involved in the regulation of reducing the rate of leaf senescence in the middle of the canopy at the grain-filling stage of LD32. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in LD32 may reduce the rate of leaf senescence in the middle of the canopy during seed filling.
Application of Machine Learning for Automating Behavioral Tracking of Captive Bornean Orangutans (Pongo Pygmaeus)
Authors: Gammelgård Frej , Nielsen Jonas , Nielsen Emilia J. , Hansen Malthe G. , Alstrup Aage K. Olsen , Perea-García Juan O. , Jensen Trine H. , Pertoldi Cino
Published: June 2024

This article applies object detection to CCTV video material to investigate the potential of using machine learning to automate behavior tracking. This study includes video tapings of two captive Bornean orangutans and their behavior. From a 2 min training video containing the selected behaviors, 334 images were extracted and labeled using Rectlabel. The labeled training material was used to construct an object detection model using Create ML. The use of object detection was shown to have potential for automating tracking, especially of locomotion, whilst filtering out false positives. Potential improvements regarding this tool are addressed, and future implementation should take these into consideration. These improvements include using adequately diverse training material and limiting iterations to avoid overfitting the model.
Health of Polo Horses
Authors: Schumacher Anton , Gehlen Heidrun
Published: June 2024

This literature review analyzes the historical development of polo, its organizational structure, the course of the game, as well as the breeding, rearing, and training practices of polo horses. Frequently occurring ailments, such as musculoskeletal injuries, respiratory diseases, and internal illnesses, are highlighted. Lameness is a major problem, with injuries to the superficial digital flexor tendon being the most common cause. Other notable diseases include exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH), myositis, rhabdomyolysis, and equine infectious anemia (EIA). To ensure the welfare of polo horses, effective prevention and management strategies are crucial. These include proper training, the adaptation of the ground surface, appropriate shoeing, and compliance with animal welfare guidelines and association rules. Collaboration between associations, players, organizers, and veterinarians is crucial. Promoting responsible management practices and raising awareness among stakeholders can help ensure that polo continues to thrive while maintaining high animal welfare standards.