bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles Interaction with Bacteria and Viruses
Authors: Farooq Farwa
Published: December 2024

Nanotechnology is growing rapidly because of its widespread uses in different fields of science. History of nanoparticles ranges back to ancient Egyptians times when the people used Pbs nanoparticles in their hair dyes; approximately 4000 years ago. Nanoparticles are tiny particles that vary in size from 1 to 100 nanometers. They are classified into three distinct types according to their origin. Nanoparticles can be produced by various chemical and biological methods and from various organisms as well, such as Bacteria, Fungi, Algae, viruses and Yeast. Viral nanoparticles can be designed by altering the genetic and chemical makeup of viruses to enhance their functionality. This has led us to successfully manufacture numerous antibiotics, as antibiotic resistance has significant impact in global healthcare. They have enabled us to deal with the microbial mechanism of antibiotic resistance with the help of Beta-Lactam ring that is present on their surface. Moreover, nanoparticles play a pivotal role in drug delivery, gene therapy and nano therapy in case of bacteria and fungi. Although they have uncountable positive impacts, but they also exhibit some of the negative effects too, mostly in plants.
Nanoparticle Interactions with Endothelial Cells
Authors: Mishra Jibanananda
Published: December 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs) have earned significant attention for their prospective applications in various disciplines, including medicine. Discerning the interactions between NPs and biological systems is critical for the development of safe and effective nanomedicines. The interactions between NPs and endothelial cells play a pivotal role in drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions. This article aims on the complex interaction between NPs and endothelial cells, which configure the inner lining of the blood vessels. This chapter also discusses various mechanisms of NP-endothelial cell interactions, their implications in vascular biology, and the potential applications of these interactions in nanomedicine.
Nanoparticles in Focus: Understanding Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity
Authors: Madhyastha Harishkumar
Published: December 2024

Genotoxicity is the damage caused by substances to genetic material, leading to gene mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, and aberrations. Nanoparticles can have primary or secondary genotoxic effects depending on their interaction with genetic material. Primary genotoxicity occurs when nanoparticles interact directly with the genetic material and proteins without invoking an inflammatory response. Indirect primary genotoxicity which results from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), can cause structural modifications and inactivation of proteins. NPs can also interfere with the proper functioning of protein kinases involved in cell cycle regulation, leading to aneuploidy and multinucleation. Secondary genotoxicity results from DNA damage induced by free radicals generated by activated inflammatory cells. NPs can induce epigenetic changes in the DNA by altering methylation status, histone modifications, and activation of regulatory miRNAs. They can also impact DNA repair by downregulating repair enzymes and sequestering DNA repair proteins in a "corona" in the nucleoplasm. Metal oxide nanoparticles cause an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, potentially resulting in toxicity or immunological reactions. DNA damage is a crucial stage in carcinogenesis, with ROS regulating cell proliferation through cell-signaling networks.
Experimental study on the determination of reduced compressive properties of FFF-printed enhanced PLA specimens
Authors: PAPAZOGLOU E-.L.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Mechanical parts used in industrial applications should be able to comply not only with rigorous requirements regarding dimensional accuracy and surface quality, but also possess adequate mechanical strength in order to achieve a long service life. Additive manufacturing (AM) processes are considered nowadays an alternative way to produce high-performing parts with complex geometries and different types of materials with high efficiency. Especially in the case of polymers, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a well-established choice for creating high quality parts at an affordable cost when optimal parameters are used for the printing process. Although a lot of studies have been carried out in order to optimize the parameters of FFF process for the increase of individual mechanical properties, often neglecting the effect of infill density on these properties, it is proposed that the use of reduced mechanical properties, by normalizing them by part weight, can provide more generalized findings and deeper insight into the correlations between process parameters and mechanical behavior. Thus, in the present work, compression test specimens were fabricated by FFF technique under various infill density and layer height values for three different infill patterns, and the fundamental compressive properties such as Young’s Modulus, strength and absorbed energy were determined. After statistical analysis was carried out, the role of each parameter on the improvement of reduced mechanical properties was identified.
Patient-Centric Mobile Medical Services Accessed Through Smartphones in the Top 100 Chinese Public Hospitals: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Huang Xuan , Wang Ying , Yang Xixian , Jiang Ruo , Liu Yicheng , Wang Hui
Published: December 2024

Background

Smartphone-based technology has been used to enhance the delivery of health care services to the public in numerous countries.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the application of patient-centric mobile medical services accessed through smartphones in the top 100 Chinese public hospitals.

Methods

Data on 124 tertiary public hospitals, ranked among the top 100 by the China Hospital Science and Technology Evaluation Metrics of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019) and China’s Hospital Rankings of the Hospital Management Institute of Fudan University (2019), were collected from the WeChat platform (Tencent Inc), mobile phone apps, and official websites until February 10, 2021.

Results

A total of 124 tertiary public hospitals, all of which were among the top 100 hospitals according to the 2 ranking lists, were selected for this study. Almost all (122/124, 98.39%) of the hospitals offered basic services such as appointment scheduling, registration, and health education. The majority also provided online access to test reports (95/124, 76.61%), consultations (72/124, 58.06%), and prescriptions (61/124, 49.19%). Among the hospitals offering online prescriptions, the majority (54/61, 88.52%) supported home delivery through third-party carriers. Slightly less than half (57/124, 45.97%) used artificial intelligence for medical guidance. Only a small fraction (8/124, 6.45%) managed chronic diseases through online monitoring and supervision by experienced doctors. Approximately half (60/124, 48.39%) of the included hospitals were officially licensed as internet hospitals approved to provide full online services. Hospitals with official internet hospital licenses provided more extensive digital health offerings. A significantly higher proportion of approved hospitals offered online consultations (29.69% vs 88.33%, r=43.741; P<.001), test reports (62.5% vs 91.67%, r=14.703; P<.001), and chronic disease management (1.56% vs 11.67%, r=5.238; P<.05). These officially approved hospitals tended to provide over 6 mobile medical services, mainly in the regions of Shanghai and Guangdong. This geographic distribution aligned with the overall layout of hospitals included in the study.

Conclusions

Patient-centric mobile medical services offered by the top 100 Chinese public hospitals accessed through smartphones primarily focus on online appointment scheduling, registration, health education, and accessing test reports. The most popular features include online consultations, prescriptions, medication delivery, medical guidance, and early-stage chronic disease management. Approved internet hospitals offer a significantly greater variety of patient-centric mobile medical services compared with unapproved ones.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Age-Based Disparities in Digital Health Technology Use: Secondary Analysis of the 2017-2022 Health Information National Trends Survey
Authors: Qiu Yuanbo , Huang Huang , Gai Junjie , De Leo Gianluca
Published: December 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital health technology, but it could also impact age-based disparities as existing studies have pointed out. Compared with the pre-pandemic period, whether the rapid digitalization of the health care system during the pandemic widened the age-based disparities over a long period remains unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the multifaceted landscape of digital health technology used across diverse age groups among US citizens.

Methods

We conducted the retrospective observational study using the 2017-2022 Health Information National Trends Survey to identify the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on a wide range of digital health technology use outcomes across various age groups. The sample included 15,505 respondents, which were categorized into 3 age groups: adults (18-44 years), middle-aged adults (45-64 years), and older adults (more than 65 years). We also designated the time point of March 11, 2020, to divide the pre- and post-pandemic periods. Based on these categorizations, multivariate linear probability models were used to assess pre-post changes in digital health technology use, controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables among different age groups.

Results

Essentially, older adults were found to be significantly less likely to use digital health technology compared with adults, with a 26.28% lower likelihood of using the internet for health information (P<.001) and a 32.63% lower likelihood of using health apps (P<.001). The usage of digital health technology for all age groups had significantly increased after the onset of the pandemic, and the age-based disparities became smaller in terms of using the internet to look for health information. However, the disparities have widened for older adults in using the internet to look up test results (11.21%, P<.001) and make appointments (10.03%, P=.006) and using wearable devices to track health (8.31%, P=.01).

Conclusions

Our study reveals a significant increase in the use of digital health technology among all age groups during the pandemic. However, while the disparities in accessing online information have narrowed, age-based disparities, particularly for older adults, have widened in most areas such as looking up test results and making appointments with doctors. Therefore, older adults are more likely left behind by the rapidly digitalized US health care system during the pandemic. Policy makers and health care providers should focus on addressing these disparities to ensure equitable access to digital health resources for US baby boomers.
A methodological framework and exemplar protocol for the collection and analysis of repeated speech samples (Preprint)
Authors: Cummins Nicholas , White Lauren Louise , Rahman Zahia , Lucas Catriona , Pan Tian , Carr Ewan , Matcham Faith , Downs Johnny , Dobson Richard , Quatieri Thomas F , Dineley Judith
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Speech and language biomarkers have the potential to be regular, objective assessments of symptom severity in several neurological and mental health conditions, both in-clinic and remotely using mobile devices. However, the complex nature of speech and often subtle changes associated with health mean that findings are highly dependent on methodological and cohort choices. These are often not reported adequately in studies investigating speech-based health assessment, which (i) hinders the progress of methodological speech research, (ii) prevents replication, and (iii) makes the definitive identification of robust biomarkers problematic.

OBJECTIVE

1. To facilitate replicable speech research by presenting an adaptable speech collection and analytical method and design checklist for other researchers to adapt for their own experiments.
2. To develop and apply an exemplar protocol that reduces and controls for confounding factors in repeated recordings of healthy speech, including device choice, speech elicitation task and non-pathological variability.

METHODS

We developed a collection protocol based on a thematic literature review. Our protocol comprises the elicitation of (1) read speech, (2) held vowels, and (3) a picture description. With a focus towards remote applications, we collected speech with different devices: a freestanding condenser microphone, three smartphones and a headset. We developed and report in detail a pipeline to extract a set of 14 exemplar speech features, also chosen via a thematic literature review, that cover timing, prosodic, quality, articulatory, and spectral characteristics of speech.

RESULTS

We collected healthy speech from 28 individuals three times in one day, repeated at the same times 8-11 weeks later, and from 25 individuals on three days in one week at fixed times. Participant characteristics collected included sex, age, native language status, and the participant’s voice use habits. Before each recording, we collected information on recent voice use, food and drink intake, and emotional state. Recording times were also documented. Values of the extracted features are presented providing a resource of normative values.

CONCLUSIONS

Speech data collection, processing, analysis and reporting towards clinical research and practice varies widely, motivating this report and speech collection protocol design checklist. Greater harmonization of study protocols and consistent reporting are urgently required to translate speech processing into clinical research and practice.
Application of Interpretable Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Sarcopenia in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: Findings from CHARLS (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Bin , Qiu Xue , Deng Jiehua , Huang Jiansheng , Lu Yequan , Chen Yongyu
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Diagnosing sarcopenia is challenging due to limited access to bio-impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to establish and evaluate machine learning (ML) models for predicting sarcopenia in CLD patients.

METHODS

This study retrospectively analyzed data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Feature selection was conducted via univariate logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and variance inflation factor (VIF). Eight ML algorithms were applied to build predictive models, with performance assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), confusion matrix-derived index, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Feature importance was evaluated with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP).

RESULTS

712 participants from CHARLS 2015 were divided into a training set and internal validation set, with 365 patients from CHARLS 2011 used for external validation. Eight significant predictors of sarcopenia were identified: age, education level, episodic memory, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), heart disease, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Among the ML models, the support vector machine (SVM) performed best, with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.88–0.93) in the training set, and 0.88 (95% CI 0.85–0.91) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.79–0.85) in internal and external validation sets, respectively. Calibration curves, Brier scores, and DCA confirmed the SVM's robust performance. SHAP analysis revealed that BMI, age, and education level were the most important features.

CONCLUSIONS

The SVM model, integrating socio-demographic and clinical factors, showed excellent performance in predicting sarcopenia risk in CLD patients. It holds promise for guiding early diagnosis and treatment to improve patient outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
The role of toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalo virus, herpes virus infection as a risk factor for sensory hearing loss in children
Authors: Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto  , Veby Novri Yendri  , Gesit Purnama Giana Deta
Published: December 2024

Toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes virus infection (TORCH) are syndromes that are considered risk factors for deafness.. This study aims to prove the risk factors which play the most significant role in the incidence of Sensory Hearing Loss in children. This used a case-control design, conducted at JIH Yogyakarta Hospital started from December 2023 to June 2024. All participants aged less than 5 years underwent oto-acoustic emission (OAE) examination, then determined presence or absence toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes virus using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method. The inclusion criteria for the case group were: 1) patients diagnosed with sensory hearing loss (SHL), while the control group was normal. The exclusion criteria for the case and control groups there were non-infectious risk factors. Based on a type I error of 5% and type II error of 20%. The recommended sample size is 18 samples per group. Statistical analysis used stratified statistical analysis. The results of this study show that the combination of rubella + CMV had the greatest odds ratio (OR: 8) of sensory hearing loss, CMV OR: 0.62, herpes simplex virus OR: 0.28, combination of rubella + herpes simplex virus OR: 0.28, toxoplasma + CMV OR: 0.28, rubella obtained OR: 1 .5, and the combination of rubella + CMV + herpes simplex virus OR: 0.1. Based on these results the combination of rubella + CMV had the greatest OR compared to the combination of other risk factors and single risk factor.
Toxoplasma encephalitis in HIV/AIDS patients in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Suryapraba Anak Agung Ayu , Sintarani Cokorda Istri Dyah , Vania Aurelia , Ni Made Susilawathi  , Anak Agung Raka Sudewi
Published: December 2024

Toxoplasma gondii, an opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients, is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes toxoplasma encephalitis (TE). The symptoms of TE range from subacute focal or global neurologic impairments to neuropsychiatric disorder, and infectious mass lesions. In clinical practice, presumptive diagnosis, including clinical syndrome, finding single or multiple brain lesions on neuroimaging evaluation are preferred. This study aimed to identify neurologic and radiologic characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients with TE in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. It was a retrospective study using medical records of patients with TE from January 2018 to December 2021. Of 122 subjects, 66.4% were male and 33.6% were female, age ranged from 19-59 y.o. with a median of age 33 y.o., and the CD4 count median was 29.5 cell/mm3. Decreased consciousness was the most prevalent clinical symptom in 40.2% of subjects followed by headache in 18.9% of subjects. A structural lesion in neuroimaging was primarily found in the basal ganglia area of the brain (44.3%). The fatality rate (30.3%) was significantly associated with decreased consciousness, higher leukocyte levels, and a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p<0.05). Diagnosis of TE should be considered in immunocompromised young adults with subacute onset of focal and/or global neurological deficit and neuroimaging results showing hypodense lesion, particularly with ring-like enhancement, in thebasal ganglia and corticomedullary junction area of the brain. An altered state of consciousness and NLR can indicate poor outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with TE.
TECHNICAL AND PATENT PERSPECTIVE ON FILM FORMING TOPICAL SPRAYS
Authors: DEHGHAN M. H. , P. RAJPUT SAILI
Published: December 2024

Film-forming systems were a viable option for topical and transdermal medication administration in the present study. Medication administered via the skin serves two purposes: topical treatment of skin disorders and transdermal drug absorption into the circulation. Apart from the ease of self-administration, the topical route provides a broad and diverse surface and functions as a substitute for oral and hypodermic injection drug delivery routes. Existing dosage forms, such as creams, patches, and ointments, have several drawbacks. In addition to being unsightly, patches can be painful to put on curved surfaces, create discomfort while peeling off, and most often cause skin irritation because of their occlusive qualities, which block sweat ducts and prevent perspiration from evaporating from the skin surface. This review encompasses the mechanism of polymers, such as ethyl cellulose and Eudragit types, plasticizers, and penetration enhancers utilized in film formation. Overall, polymeric film-forming sprays exhibit substantial potential for the convenient administration of antibiotics and antiseptics to treat bacterial, fungal, and viral skin infections. The application of topical medication is thought to result in both local and systemic effects. The physicochemical characteristics of the medication and patient adherence determine how well the topical treatment works. Poor permeability and poor adherence to the skin are some of the disadvantages of conventional pharmaceutical formulations for topical and dermatological administration. The development of medication delivery technologies intended for topical administration to the skin includes the use of topical film-forming systems.
В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ НАВИГАЦИЯ И СВЯЗЬ БУДУТ НЕПРЕЛОЖНЫМИ ФАКТОРАМИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА И НЕЗАВИСИМОСТИ СТРАНЫ
Authors: Кондрашов З.К.
Published: December 2024

АО «НИИМА «Прогресс» (входит в ГК «Элемент») – ведущий российский центр
по разработке микроэлектронных изделий, модулей и аппаратуры. Одним из основных
направлений деятельности института является создание решений для навигации
и связи. Генеральный директор предприятия Захар Константинович Кондрашов рассказал нам о значимости данного направления в современных условиях, о достижениях и планах НИИМА «Прогресс» в данной сфере, в том числе о том, как развивается проект Комплексированной навигационной системы услуг локации «КОНСУЛ», а также о том, как связано навигационно-связное направление в электронике с такой многообещающей областью, как робототехника. Кроме того, мы поговорили о деятельности Консорциума робототехники и систем интеллектуального
управления и о перспективах развития Российского форума «Микроэлектроника», одним из организаторов которого выступает НИИМА «Прогресс».
FLEX ПОЛТОРА ГОДА СПУСТЯ: ПРАКТИКА ПОДТВЕРЖДАЕТ ВОСТРЕБОВАННОСТЬ РЕШЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ОПЕРАТИВНОГО ПОСТРОЕНИЯ СБАЛАНСИРОВАННЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ
Authors: Липкин Е.Б. , Гогин О.А.
Published: December 2024

В конце 2022 года генеральный директор ООО «Остек–Умные технологии»
Евгений Борисович Липкин в интервью нашему журналу* рассказал нам о новой
на тот момент линейке решений для построения производств радиоэлектронной
отрасли, получившей название FLEX. Спустя полтора года Евгений Борисович
и его коллега – коммерческий директор компании Олег Анатольевич Гогин,
поделились с нами результатами, достигнутыми за прошедшее время в плане
реализации проектов на основе данной линейки. Также мы поговорили о задачах,
стоящих в настоящее время перед российскими производителями электронных
модулей, и о том, насколько успешно позволяет их решать концепция FLEX,
реализуя принцип «нет ничего лишнего, но точно есть всё нужное».
Comparison of non-linear mixed effect models of the growth curve of commercial turkeys
Authors: Santos-Ricalde Ronald Herbé , Magaña-Monforte Juan Gabriel , Sarmiento-Franco Luis , Parra-Bracamonte Gaspar Manuel , Lemus-Flores Clemente , Avalos-Castro Raúl , Ek-Mex Jesús Enrique , Segura-Correa José Candelario
Published: December 2024

The description of the growth curve in domestic animals is of importance in management and economic decision-making. The aim here was to determine the best non-linear mixed model to adjust the growth curve in commercial turkeys. The data come from an intensive turkey farm under a subhumid tropical climate. The live weight records of 266 female and 275 male turkeys, weighed weekly, from birth to 23 weeks, were used. The models of Gompertz, yt = A × exp(-b × exp(-k × t)), and von Bertalanffy, yt = A × (1-b × exp(-k × t))3 were used to estimate parameters and predict the growth curve; where: yt = live weight at the t-th week of age; A = the expected mature weight; b = the integration constant; k = the maturation rate. Six non-linear models using the Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy functions: one with only fixed effects, four mixed models considering the fixed, 1 to 3 random effects, and a last model including the random effect of turkey were used. The analyses were performed using the NLMIXED procedure of SAS, and the selection of the best-fit model was chosen based on the Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria. AIC and BIC values improved with the inclusion of 1 to 3 random effects, in both models for females and males. Based on AIC and BIC criteria, the best mixed NLM was the model that included random effects for A, b, and k. However, the predicted weight values of the mixed models were similar.
Pathological, epidemiological features, and statistical study of histopathological changes in chicken transmissible viral proventriculitis
Authors: Merad Djamel Eddine , Zeghdoudi Mourad , Madi Seloua , Bouzid Riad , Aoun Leila
Published: December 2024

Transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) is a chicken disease whose etiology is not fully understood. This study aims to describe histopathological, macroscopic, and epidemiological data associated with possible new etiological agents. The samples comprised 62 broiler farms, 4 laying hen flocks, and 3 broiler breeders. The disease was identified by proventriculus thickening, confirmed through histopathological examination as the most reliable diagnostic method for TVP. Prevalence, clinical signs, gross lesions, epidemiological features, and statistical analysis were calculated. Microscopic findings confirmed the disease, which was classified into three distinct statuses: TVP characterized by the presence of both lymphocytic infiltration and necrosis; lymphocytic proventriculitis (LP) identified by lymphocytic infiltration alone, without the presence of necrosis (WP) denoting cases devoid of both lymphocytic infiltration and necrosis in the proventriculus. These statuses occurred at 23.6 %, 52.8 %, and 23.6 % rates, respectively. The disease prevalence was 20.9 % in flocks aged 15 to 40 days, with a mortality rate from 0.1 % to 0.5 % upon discovery. TVP and LP are marked by intense lymphocytic proliferation and necrosis, hinting at the involvement of infectious agents. Conversely, the absence of these characteristics in WP points to non-infectious etiologies for proventriculitis. The distinct proventricular wall hypertrophy observed in TVP and LP, as opposed to WP, reinforces the interpretation that, only for the conditions of this study, infectious agents amplify existing conditions rather than serve as primary catalysts for the disease.
La investigación de los bibliotecólogos chilenos a través de Google Scholar, Scopus y Web of Science (2000-2023)
Authors: Gómez-Fuentes Héctor , Espinoza-Cuitiño Ingrid
Published: December 2024

El artículo caracteriza la investigación de los bibliotecólogos chilenos en el periodo 2000-2023, por medio de las publicaciones indexadas en Google Scholar, Scopus y Web of Science. Con enfoque metodológico cuantitativo y alcance exploratorio, se estudiaron 218 artículos desarrollados por 72 bibliotecólogos. Como resultado, se identificó la producción individual, número de citas recibidas, índice h e índice i10, destacando las métricas de tres investigadores. Además, se analizó la distribución temporal de los artículos, que tiende al alza en los últimos cuatro años, motivada por nuevos autores, estudios de posgrado en el extranjero e incentivos para investigadores y académicos. Los artículos fueron publicados en revistas latinoamericanas (61.5 %), europeas (36.2 %) y estadounidenses (2.3 %); el 70.4 % en idioma español. Sus temáticas abarcan: Uso de la información y sociología de la información (17.3 %); Usuarios, lectura y alfabetización (14.2 %); Bibliotecas como colecciones físicas (11.9 %); Ciencias de la salud (11.9 %); Tecnología de la información y tecnología de bibliotecas (11.5 %), entre otras. Las conclusiones señalan la importancia de conocer y difundir la producción científica de los bibliotecólogos chilenos y de fomentar la incorporación de nuevos investigadores, en colaboración con grupos interdisciplinarios.
Enhancing CFS Scheduler Performance through Binomial Heap Integration
Authors: Dhanure Rajat
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes an enhancement to the Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS) in Linux by replacing the Red-Black
Tree (RBT) with a Binomial Heap to improve scheduling efficiency. While CFS provides fair CPU time allocation, its reliance
on RBT can lead to inefficiencies as the number of tasks grows, particularly in insertion and extraction operations. The
Binomial Heap, with its constant time complexity for insertion operation makes it a suitable alternative. Performance
evaluations demonstrate that this modification decreases the time required for insertion by up to 50% and for extraction up to
12%. In this paper, this modification is implemented and evaluated demonstrating that the Binomial Heap improves system
performance in managing tasks within CFS.
Performance Evaluation of Self-Compacting Concrete using PPC and Flyash
Authors: Chowhan Lavudya Nikhitha
Published: December 2024

India, as the world's second-largest consumer of concrete, faces an urgent need for sustainable construction practices
to address the environmental challenges of cement production and its eventual scarcity. This research investigates the effect of
fly ash (FA) as a partial replacement for cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC) across various grades (M30, M50, M70),
focusing on both fresh and hardened properties. The study explores the impact of fly ash content (ranging from 0% to 50%) on
workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. Fresh properties were evaluated through slump
flow, V-funnel, L-box, and J-ring tests, demonstrating that fly ash enhances flowability, passing ability, and filling ability up to
30% replacement. However, higher FA content negatively impacted the fresh properties, particularly in lower-grade mixes. In
terms of hardened properties, compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths improved up to 20-30% fly ash, attributed to its
pozzolanic reaction and better particle packing. Beyond these levels, strength reduced due to increased paste viscosity and
cement dilution. Overall, the research emphasizes the need for optimal fly ash content to maximize strength, workability, and
durability in SCC applications
PROJETO AULA EM CASA NO AMAZONAS
Authors: Ramos de Souza Rosana
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo é resultado de estudos e pesquisas realizadas em duas escolas da rede estadual do Amazonas durante o período de 2020 e 2021. E teve como objetivo geral conhecer as atividades lúdicas utilizadas pelos professores do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental, durante o regime de aulas não presenciais. E como específicos, verificar quais foram às atividades lúdicas desenvolvidas pelos professores para os alunos do 1º ano, do Ensino Fundamental durante o período pandêmico, assim como identificar se os docentes obtiveram retorno das atividades propostas os alunos nas aulas on-line e analisar as contribuições das atividades lúdicas para o processo de alfabetização. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, e, teve como método de abordagem a fenomenologia, técnicas de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada com professores da rede estadual que lecionaram para os alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental durante a vigência do regime de aulas não presenciais no ano de 2020. O resultado da entrevista expôs que Projeto Aula em Casa, adotado pela SEDUC/AM não obteve os resultados esperados devido às diversas dificuldades, entre elas, cito a ausência de apoio dos pais e responsáveis na realização das atividades enviadas às crianças, a limitação de acesso à internet, o uso de aparelhos telefônicos e ferramentas digitais.  
 
Palavras-chave: Ludicidade. Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Pandemia.
AS FORÇAS DE TRABALHO E A PRODUTIVIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE DE MEMES QUE CONTRIBUÍRAM PARA O PROCESSO DE (RE)CONSTRUÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NA PANDEMIA
Authors: Muylaert Thatiana
Published: December 2024

A pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe um novo ensinar-pesquisar àqueles que estão em sala de aula. A saída do “habitat” natural, para os docentes, foi dolorosa e cruel, tendo em vista que precisaram descontruir anos de docência num espaço curtíssimo de tempo. Desse modo, tomando como base os postulados de Deleuze e Guattari (1995), acerca da noção de cartografia, atrelada à importância do processo em qualquer setor da atividade humana, este ensaio pretende apresentar de que modo os hipergêneros (MAINGUENEAU, 2010) memes da internet contribuíram/contribuem para a construção dos estereótipos acerca dos professores, bem como para sua construção identitária no momento pandêmico.
SENTIMENTOS DE PROFESSORES E PROFESSORAS EM RELAÇÃO À SUA PROFISSÃO NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA: UM ESTUDO NO ENSINO MÉDIO.
Authors: Coelho Cavalcanti Francisca Maria , Oliveira da Silva Maria Manoela
Published: December 2024

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que descreveu e analisou os sentimentos dos professores e professoras atuantes no ensino médio da educação básica de escolas públicas da cidade de Manaus em relação à sua profissão, vivenciados no contexto de pandemia da Covid-19 e a partir dessa vivência a indagação se continuariam nessa profissão. O contexto pandêmico se apresentou abrupto e se fez urgente e necessário que a escola assumisse a prática de uma metodologia que desse conta do processo ensino-aprendizagem utilizando-se de mediações tecnológicas que fazem parte da sociedade, contudo ainda não totalmente disseminada e distante de muitas realidades de professores e alunos. Diante dessa perspectiva, este estudo tem as seguintes indagações: como se encontra os sentimentos dos professores e professoras, para com: seus alunos (as), suas condições de trabalho, sua carga horária de trabalho, sua formação, sua autonomia e prática pedagógica, seu tempo de lazer, seu salário e como se sente na sociedade diante do atual contexto. Tem como metodologia a pesquisa descritiva e explicativa, utilizando uma entrevista semiestruturada, com análise qualitativa. Infere-se que há tantos sentimentos favoráveis como desfavoráveis para o exercício profissional diante desse contexto, evidenciou-se que a prática demonstra a fragilidade do sistema de educação brasileiro e a distância da educação de qualidade expressa em documentos como a Constituição Federativa e a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação. Os sentimentos desfavoráveis foram, em maioria, destacados em relação aos alunos, condições de trabalho, carga horária, tempo livre, salário, e como o docente se sente diante da sociedade brasileira. O equilíbrio entre os sentimentos favoráveis e desfavoráveis foram citados em relação a formação inicial e em relação a autonomia didático pedagógica. Mesmo com inúmeras adversidades, a esperança e a perseverança na profissão foram amplamente perceptíveis e descritas pelos profissionais em maioria, ao serem taxativos em não almejar abandonar a profissão.
METODOLOGIAS PARA O ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA E FILOSOFIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Carlos Tassio
Published: December 2024

Após a sua reinserção nos currículos brasileiros do ensino médio, a Sociologia torna-se lugar para diferentes discussões do cotidiano na sociedade, no entanto, para isso é necessário que os professores (as) se apropriem de ferramentas para que a discussão torne-se mais interessante e efetiva para o aprendizado dos alunos nessa fase do ensino. Neste sentido, esse trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar como essas duas disciplinas são importantes para as escolas, considerando o ensino fundamental II e o ensino médio, por exemplo. Nisto, o trabalho é de cunho bibliográfico, pois utiliza de teorias para compor o corpo do trabalho. Também é descritiva, visto que analisa e interpreta dados para chegar a uma conclusão final. Como resultados, vimos que essas disciplinas são muito importantes para os currículos escolares, bem como trazem novas metodologias de ensino que fazem do aprendizado do aluno algo mais dinâmico e interativo.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A PROBLEMÁTICA DA ATENÇÃO ESCOLAR NAS TRANSIÇÕES ENTRE CRIANÇA E ESTUDANTE
Authors: Pereira Borba Mario
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo abordo a problemática da atenção escolar como um dos aspectos envolvidos no percurso pretensamente universal de tornar-se um estudante a partir da passagem por nossas instituições escolares. Diante disso, procuro situar a incidência de um diagnóstico como o de TDAH (transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade), que eventualmente reifica aspectos problemáticos desse percurso. Argumento que essas produções envolvem concepções de infância, comportamento e produtividade que são mobilizadas cotidianamente na escola. Essas concepções são tensionadas nos cruzamentos entre os regimes disciplinares de produção da atenção e novos investimentos de produção de subjetividade: consumos, fármacos, rentabilidades. Ao abordar etnograficamente a empreitada da atenção escolar, situo o sexto ano do ensino fundamental como um momento central na produção do estudante.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Atenção. Escolaridade. Infância. TDAH.
IMAGEM: Crianças em sala de aula. Fonte: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/saude-na-escola
MULHERES DO CAMPO NA UNIVERSIDADE:
Authors: Froes Lívia
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo, analiso a percepção de mulheres de origem camponesa acerca de certos aspectos de sua trajetória educacional na licenciatura em Educação do Campo – LeCampo/UFMG. Esse programa de licenciatura, originado em contextos de lutas sociais, incorpora à rotina de atividades acadêmicas elementos emblemáticos dos movimentos sociais do campo, como por exemplo as “místicas”, palavras de ordem, bandeiras e outros. Dessa forma, coexistem perspectivas e metodologias pedagógicas, acadêmicas e de ativismo, conferindo à formação uma experiência singular, distinta das licenciaturas convencionais. A pesquisa fundamenta-se em abordagem etnográfica conduzida ao longo do processo formativo da LeCampo/UFMG, aliada à análise das narrativas de vida fornecidas por treze mulheres participantes do curso. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa, discuto as diferentes percepções das interlocutoras em torno do estar, vivenciar e se integrar a essa graduação.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Licenciatura em Educação do Campo. Mulheres do campo. Etnografia.
Imagem: Bandeira da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (UFMG). Fonte: https://www.facebook.com/lecampo/photos/a.328996373848003/887829917964643/?type=1&theater
ANTROPOLOGIA E ENSINO:
Authors: Paiva Andrea Lucia da Silva de
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho se centra na abordagem antropológica sobre cultura presente nos materiais didáticos de 2021 aprovados pelo Plano Nacional de Livros Didáticos (PNLD), sob a nova roupagem criada com o Novo Ensino Médio: a área de conhecimento Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas (CHSA). Segundo a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), essa área do conhecimento, integrada por Filosofia, Geografia, História e Sociologia, se volta às seguintes categorias: tempo e espaço, território e fronteiras, indivíduo, natureza, sociedade, cultura, ética, política e trabalho. Descreveremos a parte cultural, visando a compreender como a Antropologia vem se fazendo presente nesse novo material didático. Trata-se de compreender e trazer para o debate a relação entre a Antropologia e a educação básica. Utilizaremos como metodologia a etnografia documental das obras da CHSA do ano de 2021 aprovadas pelo PNLD. Serão descritas seis coleções do total de catorze obtidas, uma vez que são aquelas mais utilizadas e observadas nas escolas onde os alunos de licenciatura em Ciências Sociais realizaram estágios durante o período de 2022 a 2023.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Antropologia. Novo Ensino Médio. BNCC. Material didático. Etnografia documental.
ENTRE LA MATERNIDAD COMO APRENDIZAJE Y LOS APRENDIZAJES DE LXS HIJXS:
Authors: Cerletti Laura
Published: December 2024

Este artículo aborda los modos en que las madres aprenden a ser madres al ocuparse de sus hijxs, y más específicamente, de cómo sus hijxs aprenden con relación a lo escolar y a la vida en general. Se analizan las prácticas cotidianas que despliegan las mujeres respecto a la educación, el cuidado y la escolarización de sus hijxs, tomando como analizador los relatos de sus experiencias durante la pandemia de COVID-19. A partir del análisis de un conjunto de entrevistas abiertas, en profundidad, realizadas con mujeres con hijxs en edad escolar en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina, se evidencia la maternidad como un proceso de aprendizaje, y simultáneamente, se indaga sobre las continuidades y transformaciones que implicó la pandemia a escala de la vida cotidiana en los hogares.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Maternidad. Educación y cuidado. Aprendizaje. Pandemia.
ENTRE PRIVILÉGIOS E PERRENGUES,
Authors: Goia Marisol
Published: December 2024

Este é um relato autobiográfico no qual abordo origens, percursos, “bagagens” e circunstâncias que tanto favoreceram quanto dificultaram o processo de me tornar uma professora universitária. Pretendo suscitar reflexões sobre a questão identitária do(a) docente, iluminando dimensões pouco exploradas sobre o(a) antropólogo(a), como as de suas condições materiais, econômicas, socioculturais e ético-morais. Considerando que aprendizagens diversas acontecem no processo de “aquisição” de uma identidade profissional, reconstruo os bastidores da minha formação e inserção profissionais, norteada por uma leitura bourdieusiana de meus capitais e privilégios, incluindo também minhas dificuldades e limitações. Dilemas éticos envolvendo a identidade antropológica também são discutidos a partir da minha atuação no meio empresarial. Faço uso de um estilo ensaístico que articula “subjetividades” e “reflexividades” com “cultura” e “estrutura”, buscando costurar a relação “indivíduo esociedade”.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Autobiografia. Carreira Docente. Identidade Antropológica. Ensino Superior.
LA MODERNIDAD Y UN CAPITALISMO LOCAL, HETEROPATRIARCAL, RACISTA Y COLONIAL
Authors: Bianchini Natalia
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo pretende introducir ciertos debates en torno a la instalación de la modernidad y el capitalismo en los territorios de Nuestra América y sus patrones jerárquicos de poder enraizados en las ficciones de género, raza y clase. Para ello, se retomarán los estudios descoloniales y materialistas de diferentes autores que acuñan las categorías de colonialidad del poder (Quijano, 2014), saber (Lander, 2014), ser (Maldonado Torres, 2007) y de género (Lugones, 2008) y se dará cuenta cómo estos patrones de poder inciden en la configuración (histórica y actual) de la división social sexual y racial del trabajo (Federici, 2010). Luego, se analizará la relación entre esta división moderna colonial y patriarcal de los trabajos y la participación política de las mujeres (Pateman, 2009), principalmente de sectores populares. Estas claves teóricas permitirán construir una mirada posible sobre la participación de las promotoras de salud en los programas de salud comunitaria del CeSAC Nº 10 y 35. Finalmente, se expondrá brevemente las modificaciones que introduce el DNU del actual presidente en las condiciones laborales que inciden en las maternidades.
PALABRAS CLAVE:Participación. División social, sexual y racial del trabajo. Mujeres.
ANTROPOLOGIA DO ATIVISMO:
Authors: DE FARIAS MAIO , Franch Gutierrez Mônica Lourdes
Published: December 2024

RESUMO:Este ensaio surge a partir da pesquisa doutoral em Antropologia intitulada “Esse ativismo é de todos nós”: ativismo, memória e identidade do movimento social em HIV/aids na Paraiba. A referida pesquisa aborda o ativismo em HIV/aids na Paraíba na atualidade, inserido num cenário de cronificação da doença e de crise sanitária em virtude da pandemia da Covid-19. A pesquisa de campo é qualitativa, em que a produção de dados se dá por participação em atividades do movimento, entrevistas com roteiro semiaberto, análise dos dados através das práticas discursivas, delineamento de categorias, associação de ideias e interanimação dialógica. Neste ensaio, tratamos o ativismo atual em HIV/aids a partir de uma interface entre conceitos básicos de Turner, Ingold e Fabian, respectivamente Experiência vivida, trazer as coisas de volta à vida e tempo e temporalidade. O ensaio buscou responder (1) se o ativismo em HIV/aids enquadra-se numa experiência vivida; (2) se o ativismo em HIV/aids traz as coisas de volta à vida; e (3) qual o impacto geracional sobre o ativismo.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aids. Ativismo. Tempo. Antropologia.
IÇÁ-MIRIM OU ESSOMERICQ:
Authors: Pastorini Vanessa
Published: December 2024

RESUMO:Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar a presença da pós-memória nos documentos que fazem referência à vida de Binoit Paulmier, também conhecido como Içá-Mirim ou Essomericq, o filho do cacique carijó Arosca que foi levado à França no século XVI a bordo do navio L’Espoir. As produções dos descendentes deste ilustre personagem servem de ponto de partida para a nossa argumentação: uma do seu bisneto, o abade Jean Paulmier, e outra de Dorothée de Linares, catorze gerações mais tarde. Os estudos da memória e as pesquisas que vêm sendo realizadas no âmbito da pós-memória serviram como base teórica para mapearmos as significações que atravessam os discursos destes sujeitos. Com efeito, pudemos vislumbrar os impactos da presença de um indígena carijó na vida dos seus descendentes, além de lançarmos luz sobre uma situação extraordinária: a de um indígena brasileiro que se tornou aristocrata e deixou um longo legado às gerações futuras.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pós-memória. Literatura. Binot Palmier. França. Século XVI.
O RETORNO AO CAMPO COMO UM PERCURSO DA MEMÓRIA:
Authors: Peggion Edmundo Antonio
Published: December 2024

RESUMO:Durante anos seguidos, estive no sul do Amazonas junto aos Tenharin do rio Marmelos, povo Tupi-Kagwahiva, para conversar sobre organização social e parentesco. Como compromisso, apoiei o povo em sua luta pela regularização fundiária e fui o antropólogo responsável pela identificação de diversas terras indígenas na região. Durante as estadas em campo, tive uma convivência efetiva com as pessoas mais velhas do grupo registrando narrativas, cantos e fazendo fotografias. Em tempos recentes, resolvi digitalizar o meu acervo para devolvê-lo aos Tenharin, desdobrando-o em uma página para figurar como um museu virtual e um livro de memórias sobre Kwahã e os processos de regularização fundiária na região. Além de impactar minha relação com a comunidade, a proposta suscitado questões fundamentais relacionadas à escrita e ao modo de conceber uma antropologia composta junto do outro e não somente uma que fala sobre ele.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acervo. Memória. Biografia. Tenharin.