bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Energy Policies for Smart Cities - a Comparison among Smart Cities in the European Union
Authors: D’ascenzo Fabrizio , Tantau Adrian , Savastano Marco , Şanta Ana-Maria Iulia
Published: December 2019

Given the current challenges of climate change our society is dealing with at a global level, the European Union develops a new energy policy based on clean energy. The package “Clean Energy for All Europeans”, which has been adopted by the European Commission in 2016, contains measures for a new energy policy at the level of the European Union, based on promoting an Energy Union by following a harmonized framework and common objectives. Considering this European policy debate an interesting topic, the present paper deals with the research question what will be the reaction of the business environment to the energy policy measures proposed by the European Commission in terms of innovation. Indeed, it focuses on innovative solutions based on clean energy, that will arise for achieving the three dimensions of social, economic and environmental sustainability, such as smart cities. The initiative of helping the development of smart cities is currently supported by the European Commission in the project “European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities”. Innovative measures are related to new financing schemes for the new projects, as new investments are needed for implementing innovative solutions. Case studies from different Member States of the European Union, e.g. Italy, Austria and Romania, will illustrate the concept of smart cities and their development in the European Union allowing for an in depth analysis and comparison among the different business models implemented. The present work presents a mixed method approach based on the combination of both qualitative research methods, such as multiple-case studies and quantitative methods, represented by the analysis and triangulation of data and indicators provided by European institutions. Furthermore, this study presents a multidisciplinary perspective, considering aspects of European policy, European law, business and economics.
Time to act: discourse on time in crowdfunding for social entrepreneurship project
Authors: Stan Oana Mara , Fanea-Ivanovici Mina
Published: December 2019

The context of public governance outsourcing social services and constantly downshifting its role creates the premises for increasing impact of crowdsourced social entrepreneurship and grassroots mobilization. The study envisions the innovative concept of social entrepreneurship by crowdfunding through a sports event, with Swimathon as study case, where most of Romanian NGOs are active to promote their calls for fundraising. Swimmer-participants are fundraisers who take on a challenge (e.g. swimming a target distance) with the aim to raise funds, in teams, for the causes they support. This fundraising event involves donors in a participative setting that combines short-term volunteering and crowdfunding. The research aims to understand practices by which crowdfunding projects grouped into categories navigate constructs on time. The ensuing research questions are as follows: What typology of time orientation do crowdfunding projects in the Romanian landscape of sports-oriented social entrepreneurship display? What do they shift, reshape, and build on in terms of time agency, time management and time empowerment? The current study seeks to uncover and chart patterns of time-bound discursive strategies that aim to attract donors for crowdfunding projects in Romania. It brings forth questions of power and influence, by explaining and synthesizing the variety of manners in which trade-offs and synergies and modelled and mapped. The thematic analysis of fundraising calls for action is structured two-fold, namely: the denotative and the connotative dimension of time. The first component reveals time agency, time use and time management as keynote discursive trends, whereas the second reveals the following categories: time and emotion, quality time and time pressure. Metaphors of time used in the discourse over sustainability appeared coupled with pressure to intervene fast. Findings gathered by connotative discourse analysis induce the idea of grassroots mobilization and individual agency to the forefront, whereas social structures of institutional support are afforded background importance. The study ends with a discussion on implications of using time cues for emerging trends in the build-up process of Romanian crowdfunding projects.
Setting up a new business – evidence from a business administration faculty
Authors: Segal Tatiana
Published: December 2019

In the last decades, entrepreneurship in all of its complexity, as a basis for sustainable development, has become a major concern for a variety of socio-economic agents: legislative systems, production systems represented by entrepreneurs from all economic sectors, and education and research systems. As a result, numerous fields of studies which aim to develop an entrepreneurial spirit among youth and to prepare students for entrepreneurship have been introduced in the educational curricula starting with high school. One of the missions of the Faculty of Business Administration in foreign languages (FABIZ) from the Bucharest University of Economic Studies is to ensure that students gain the competencies and abilities necessary for being able to open a business and become interested in a career as entrepreneurs. However, discussions with the students from FABIZ showed that only a small percentage of students are planning or have already become entrepreneurs (approximately 5% which, for some researchers such as Fayolle and Filion (2016) is considered an optimal figure). This study aims to explore the degree to which FABIZ students, with a focus on the French section, are entrepreneurs or, at least, are interested to become entrepreneurs in the near future and to analyse their fields of interests, hopes and fears, i.e. their perception of their own career.
A Comparative Study of the Gap Between De-Jure and De-Facto Language Policies: The Case of Kyrgyzstan and Hungary
Authors: Mambetaliev Askar
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to find the main factors that guide language policies and discover correlations between top-down and bottom-up ideologies in the context of Hungary and Kyrgyzstan. To accomplish this, the study created a database of relevant official documents, photos of linguistic landscapes and qualitative data. The study analyzed the documented top-down decisions from historical perspectives, and then compared them with the data collected from interviews and surveys, and from the collection of photos. The participants included both high-ranking political figures, professors, students and random citizens. Results showed that the official policies often do not comprehensively match with the people’s beliefs, attitudes and desires. Findings also imply that using either document analysis, or the method of linguistic landscape, or qualitative methods alone, might not sufficiently validate the results in the absence of each other, since errors may top up from various discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up arrangements, as well as from overt and covert ideologies.
Multilingualism in Benin. Some Reflections from the Perspective of Sustainable Development and Multilingual Education
Authors: Garcia-Azkoaga Ines Mª , Pérez-Caurel Manel
Published: December 2019

The article provides an overview of the state of the Bariba language on the Replublic of Benin (West Africa) and reflects on the urgent need to make effective the wishes of implementing a language policy that promotes a rigurous multilingual education of quality that helps preserve native languages. Through some visits to local schools of the Beninese Departments of Borgou and Alibori and through the language autobiographies of significant people from the Bariba language community of those departments, we highlight five reflections that underline the importance of multilingualism and point out the multilingual school as a key element for the preservation of intangible heritage, for social development and for achieving the sustainable development goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda.
Syntactic Aspects of Lithuanian-Spanish Translation of Fiction and Scientific Texts
Authors: Dugo Carmen Caro
Published: December 2019

Translators, linguists and translation researchers often have to deal with subtle and sometimes complex syntactical aspects involved in translation. Properly conveying the structure and rhythm of a sentence or text in another language is a difficult task that requires a good understanding of syntactical aspects of both the source and the target language. The morphology of Lithuanian verbs and nouns, and specially its system of declensions and cases, without any doubt facilitates a relatively flexible word order. Many linguists also agree that word order in the Spanish sentence is also freer than in French, English or other modern languages. It has often been said that Spanish has the most flexible word order of all Romance languages. However, Spanish word order is by no means as free as in Lithuanian. A comparative study of Lithuanian texts and their translation into Spanish allows a better understanding of the syntactical differences between both languages. This article examines a case of syntactical inversion in Lithuanian: the displacement of the direct object and its location at the beginning of the sentence, and the translation of such sentences into Spanish. In Spanish the direct object usually follows the verb, except in the cases when that function is carried out by pronouns. In order to displace a direct object to the beginning of the sentence, Spanish syntactical structures should be used. In this article two stylistically different Lithuanian texts will be compared with their Spanish translation so as to identify the linguistic means used in each case. A comparative analysis of different types of texts is useful to reveal the Spanish syntactical structures chosen by the translators as well as certain tendencies in each specific context.
Teaching Sociocultural Aspects in the SFL Class in Lithuania: Analysis of the Perception of Sociocultural Content
Authors: De Urraza María José , Žiūraitė Vigilija
Published: December 2019

This article aims to study the field of sociocultural aspects teaching in the Spanish as foreign language classes in Lithuania and development of intercultural competencies of the students. In the curriculum of the language teaching, is very important the topic of sociocultural behaviours in the different Hispanic communities. The conducted research aimed to analyse how this topic can be studied during the Spanish classes in Lithuania and what is the receptivity of sociocultural elements among the local students. This paper also talks about the intercultural competences of the students, and the process of assimilation of cultural behaviours, which are different from the native culture. In order to achieve the aim, the data collection was carried on among students through observations and interviews in depth, using a qualitative method. The opinions and interpretations of Spanish and Hispanic traditions, celebrations and customs given by the students, were used for the qualitative analysis. The results of the research showed that students’ perception of the Spanish-speaking world contains prejudiced ideas and this is why it is important to include the sociocultural content in the classes of Spanish as a foreign language.
GAMBARAN KECEMASAN DAN DEPRESI WANITA DENGAN KANKER PAYUDARA
Authors: Tania Michelle , Soetikno Naomi , Suparman Meiske Yunithree
Published: December 2019

Kanker merupakan penyakit kronis yang banyak diderita oleh individu di seluruh dunia. Hal ini menjadikan kanker dianggap sebagai penyakit yang tidak bisa disembuhkan dan akan menyebabkan kematian bagi penderitanya. Salah satu jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita oleh wanita yaitu kanker payudara. Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan yang berasal dari kelenjar payudara. Diagnosis kanker payudara akan berdampak kepada keadaan psikologis individu, termasuk kecemasan dan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien wanita dengan kanker payudara. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan alat ukur Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Pada penelitian ini, pengambilan sampling dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 34 orang dengan rata-rata usia 53 tahun dan rata-rata partisipan sudah didiagnosis kanker payudara selama 2 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipan memiliki tingkat kecemasan hingga mild yaitu sebanyak 7 (20,6%) orang dan 27 (79,4%) lainnya memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang normal. Selain itu, partisipan memiliki tingkat depresi hingga mild yaitu sebanyak 3 (8,8%) orang dan 31 (91,2%) partisipan lainnya memiliki tingkat depresi yang normal. Selain melihat kecemasan dan depresi pada wanita dengan kanker payudara, penelitian ini juga melihat adanya faktor-faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pada wanita dengan kanker payudara, yaitu faktor religiusitas dan faktor dukungan sosial. Cancer is a chronic disease affection many individuals throughout the world, leading us to consider it an incurable disease and will certainly cause death for those afflicted with it. One of the most common types of cancer in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a malignancy originating from the mammary gland. The diagnosis of breast cancer will affect an individual's psychological state in the form of anxiety and depression. This study aims to describe anxiety and depression in female patients with breast cancer. The design of this study is a descriptive study using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) measurement tool. In this study, sampling was conducted using accidental sampling technique. Participants in this study were 34 people with mean age of 53 years and on average, participants had been diagnosed with breast cancer for 2 years. The result of the study showed that participants who had up to mild anxiety levels were as many as 7 (20.6%) people, with 27 (79.4%) others had normal anxiety levels. In addition, as many as 3 participants had up to mild level of depression (8.8%) and 31 (91.2%) other participants had normal depression level. In addition to looking at anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer, this study also looked at other factors that could affect the level of anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer, namely religiosity and social support factors.
PERANAN FEAR OF MISSING OUT TERHADAP PROBLEMATIC SOCIAL MEDIA USE
Authors: Risdyanti Keyda Sara , Faradiba Andi Tenri , Syihab Aisyah
Published: December 2019

Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 254 remaja dalam rentang usia 12-22 tahun, dengan metode pengambilan Media sosial menjadi alat komunikasi sehari-hari bagi remaja masa kini. Kemudahan mengakses media sosial membentuk remaja memiliki keterikatan dengan akun media sosialnya. Perilaku ini memunculkan adanya dampak negatif bagi remaja, baik itu bagi dirinya sendiri maupun diluar dirinya, seperti merusak hubungan sosial dengan orang lain maupun mengganggu pendidikan remaja secara tidak langsung. Hanya saja, pemicu penggunaan media sosial yang tidak sehat ini, diakibatkan karena adanya kekhawatiran memiliki hubungan yang terputus dengan orang-orang disekitarnya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar peranan yang dimiliki oleh fear of missing out (FOMO) terhadap problematic social media use (PSMU). sampel berbasis internet melalui volunteer (opt in) panel. Fear of Missing Out scale sebagai alat pengukuran untuk FOMO, sedangkan Social Media Use Questionnaire digunakan untuk mengukur PSMU. Hasil penelitian memiliki signifikansi secara positif (0,00>0,05), yang artinya semakin tinggi seseorang dalam memiliki perasaan takut, cemas, gelisah maupun khawatir bila tidak ikut terlibat dalam kegiatan sosial bersama orang disekitarnya, ia akan cenderung semakin memiliki keterikatan dengan media sosialnya hingga menimbulkan konsekuensi negatif bagi dirinya. Hasil juga menunjukan adanya sejumlah peranan yang diberikan oleh fear of missing out kepada problematic social media use sebesar 35,8%, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Social media has become the regular communication tool for today's youth. Ease of access media forms attachment of adolescents to their social media accounts. This behavior gives rise to negative impacts for adolescents, both for themselves and their surroundings, such as damaging social relationships with others and indirectly disrupting their education. Unhealthy use of social media is caused by fears of ruining relationships with people around them. Therefore, this study aims to see the extent to which the role of the fear of missing out (FOMO) affects problematic social media use (PSMU). The sample in this study amounted to 254 adolescents between 12-22 years age range, with internet-based sampling methods through volunteer (opt in) panels. The Fear of Missing Out scale is a measurement tool for FOMO, while the Social Media Use Questionnaire was used to measure PSMU. The result of the study indicated positive significance (0.00> 0.05), which means that the more a person is having feelings of fear, anxiety, or worry when not involved in social activities with people around them, they tend to have more attachment to the media social which in turn, causes negative consequences for them. The result also showed a number of influence by the fear of missing out to the problematic social media use as much as 35.8%, while the rest were influenced by other factors.
MANIFESTASI ORAL PADA PASIEN TERINFEKSI VIRUS HIV/AIDS
Authors: Ramayanti Sri
Published: December 2019

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic is increasing all over the world. The first AIDS case in Indonesia was found in 1987 in Bali, but the spread of HIV in Indonesia increased after 1995. Based on data from the Ministry of Health until the year 2012 as many as 21 511 cases of HIV and AIDS as many as 5,686 people and the number of patients who died as many as 1,146 people. This literature study aims to describe the oral manifestations in HIV-infected patients and its management. Oral lesions are most commonly found in HIV-infected patients is candidiasis. Other oral lesions that might be found that necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, linear gingival erythema, hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes simplex virus infections, Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers, Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), Citomegalo Virus (CMV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Condyloma Akumilatum, Lymphoma Non-Hodgkins B-cell and squamous cell carcinoma, and Sarcoma Kapossi. The best management is through preventive measures and oral routine exam to maintain oral health and achieve a better quality of life.
PENGARUH ORAL HYGIENE PADA WANITA PASKAMENOPAUSE DENGAN KEJADIAN GINGIVITIS PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) DI KECAMATAN LUBUK ALUNG KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Hidayati Hidayati , Semiarty Rima , Septevani Winerli
Published: December 2019

Menopause is the end of menstruation cycle and reproduction period for women. A woman is entering postmenopausal if she doesn’t get menstruation for 12 months or more. As menopause, estrogen and progesteron hormone decreased. Decrease of progesteron and estrogen level followed by clinical change in oral cavity which gets risk gingivitis and influence oral hygiene. This study aims to know the relation between oral hygiene of postmenopausal women and the incidence of gingivitis in Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) in Kecamatan Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. The design of this study is the Cross Sectional Study. This study was conducted to 53 postmenopausal women in Kelompok Wanita Tani in Kecamatan Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman in Desember 2012. The data was collected through questionnaires and examinations of OHIS index and gingival index by chi-square analysis. The results showed that the majority (43,4%) postmenopausal women in Kelompok Wanita Tani had a moderate oral hygiene and also (45,3%) had a moderate of gingivitis. The gum looks pale or red about (75,5%) and easy to bleed about (56,6%). All of postmenopausal women in Kelompok Wanita Tani in Kecamatan Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman got gingivitis althought they had good oral hygiene
PENGARUH PENAMPILAN GIGI ANTERIOR BERDASARKAN AESTHETIC COMPONENT DARI IOTN TERHADAP PSIKOSOSIAL REMAJA PADA SISWA SMAN 10 PADANG
Authors: Susi Susi , Viyanti Hazni
Published: December 2019

Dentofacial esthetics plays an important role in social interaction and psychosocial well-being because it affects how people perceive themselves and how they are perceived in society. Dentofacial deviation, such a  malocclusion has negatively affect the psychosocial well-being especially in adolescents period, when some aspects of the facial appearance and dental esthetics have great important for adolescent’s self-image and self-esteem. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the anterior teeth appearance on the adolescents psychosocial in SMAN 10 Padang using Aesthetic Component of the IOTN. The subjects of cross-sectional study were 89 students in SMAN 10 Padang using the simple random sampling. Anterior teeth appearance were assessed by interviewer using the Aesthetic Component of the IOTN. Psychosocial impact was measured through a self-rated Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Data analysis included Spearman correlation test. Significant associations were observed between anterior teeth appearance using Aesthetic Component of IOTN and total score PIDAQ (p < 0,001), dental self-confidence (p < 0,001), social impact (p < 0,05), psychological impact (p < 0,05), and esthetic concern (p < 0,05). Anterior teeth appearance has a psychological impact in adolescents using Aesthetic Component of the IOTN. Therefore, it seemed necessary to improve dental esthetic on adolescents for prevent the disturbance on their psychosocial development.
IMBIBITION EFFECT OF IMMERSION HYDROCOLLOID IRREVERSIBLE ALGINATE IN SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTIO
Authors: Coryniken Siti , Kustantiningtyastuti Didin , Afriwardi Afriwardi
Published: December 2019

materials have character that absorb water it is imbibition that can affect the dimensional stability when immersed in disinfectant . The purpose of this study is to see the effect of imbibition at alginate impression material immersed in a disinfectant solution of Sodium Hypochlorite .The method used was experimental with pretest and posttest with control group design . The mold were diameter of 28 mm and height 18 mm .the impression were immersed in sodium hypochlorite 0.5 % and 1 % for 3 minutes , 5 minutes and 10 minutes . Imbibition weight calculation is done by using digital scales.The results showed that the presence of imbibition on impression material alginate that immersed in Sodium Hypochlorite solution for 3 minutes , 5 minutes and 10 minutes . Statistical Test Two Way Repeated Measure ANOVA showed a significant difference ( p< 0.05 ) in minutes imbibition , while the concentration of the solution had a significant difference ( p > 0.05 ) .The conclusion of this study is the alginate impression material has the effect of imbibition to immersion Sodium Hypochlorite solution.

Keywords : hydrocolloid Alginate , Sodium Hypochlorite , imbibition effects , immersio
PERBEDAAN LEBAR GIGI ANTERIOR RAHANG ATAS DENGAN KONSEP GOLDEN PROPORTION PADA MAHASISWA FKG UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS SUKU MINANG
Authors: Hafiza Riani , Oenzil Fadil , Murniwati Murniwati
Published: December 2019

Background: One of the parameter that can represent the ideal beauty is the concept of the golden proportion. The proportion on teeth can be seen from frontal view. The width of the central incisor is 62% wider than the width of the lateral incisor. The width of the lateral incisor is 62% wider than the visible part of canine. One of the factors that affect the size of the tooth is race. Minang ethnic is included to Malay Deutro. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the difference of the width of maxillary anterior teeth with the concept of the golden proportion in Minang ethnic students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University. Methods: The study was an analytic observasional with cross-sectional approach. The sampling was purposive sampling and the number of subjects were 26 respondents. Photographs of the respondents were taken at least three times each using a digital camera Sony Cyber-shot DSC-S3000 10.1 MP, edited using software Adobe Photoshop CS5 and analyzed using paired sample t test. Result: The result of paired sample t test is p=0.000 (p<0.05). This suggests there is a significant difference between the width of maxillary anterior teeth with the concept of the golden proportion in Minang ethnic students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University. The proportion of the width of maxillary anterior teeth from the frontal view according to golden proportion 1.62 : 1 : 0.62, when it comes to Minang ethnic students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University, it is measured as 1.51 : 1 : 0.76 for right region and 1.52 : 1 : 0.77 for left one. Conclusion: The

concept of the golden proportion can not be used to Minang ethnic students of Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University.

Keywords: aesthetic, anterior teeth, golden proportion, maxillary, Minang ethnic
PENGARUH PENGUNYAHAN PERMEN KARET YANG MENGANDUNG XYLITOL TERHADAP PENURUNAN INDEKS PLAK PADA PEROKOK
Authors: Sandra Popy , Allioes Yustini , Susi Susi
Published: December 2019

Dental plaque plays main important role in cause of caries and periodontal disease. The one of control is to chewing gum containing xylitol. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of chewing gum containing xylitol in reducing the plaque index scores in smoker. The method of this study was quasi experiment with pretest-posttest design involved smoker sample total 35 people. Examination plaque index score was conducted over 2 days using PHP-M plaque index. Data analysis is conducted using Paired t-test. Average plaque index prior to chewing gum containing xylitol is 37,9714±8,62106 and average plaque index after to chewing gum containing xylitol is15,2000±4,96340. After chewing, it shows that mean percentage plaque index prior and after is 22,77143±9,49330 with p<0,05. So, chewing gum containing xylitol are equally effective reducing the plaque index scores in smoker.

Keywords : Chewing gum containing xylitol, plaque index, smoker.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH MEDIA LEAFLET DAN BUKU SAKU SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI SISWA KELAS 3
Authors: Azalea Femy , Oenzil Fadil , Mona Deli
Published: December 2019

Dental caries is a dental problem that often arises in children. One of the factors that affect higher oral health problem is child behavioral factors associated with its children's knowledge about oral health, so it is important to educate children’s to increase their knowledge that will changes the child's behavior in a positive direction. Children as educational objectives have characteristics according to their physical and cognitive developmen, is important aspect that need to be considered to determine the correct media that we used to learn something to children. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference effect of dental health education between leaflet and pocket book in third grade students.The method that used in this study is non-equivalent control group design, Samples were taken using quota sampling technique. Total samples are 40 children. Both group are given pre-test and then 20 children given education using Leaflet at SDN 17 and 20 children using pocket book at SDN 20. Post test are given on day 7 after education. This study used T dependent test and T independent test (p<0,05). Statistical analysis showed increasing knowledge of this study is significant, the value before and after the given education  used leaflets and pocket bookwith significant value of 0,000 (p<0,05). there is different between both media in incresing knowledge, with significant value of  0.003(p>0,05).  Leaflet showed an increase of knowledge is greater when compared with the use of a pocket book. Conclusion, leafletis an effective media to increase oral knowledge of dental health.

Keyword                :leaflet, pocket book, increase of knowledge
COMPARISON OF SALIVARY pH BEFORE AND AFTER CONSUMING A SOLUTION OF SUGAR AND PALM SUGAR IN DENTISTRY FACULTY’S STUDENT OF ANDALAS UNIVERSITY
Authors: Widia Risa , Kasuma Nila
Published: December 2019

Sugar ( sucrose ) is a carbohydrate compound which is soluble in water and directly absorbed by the body to convert into energy . Diet sugar ( sucrose ) can affect the pH of saliva , where the compounds have fermented in the mouth which produces acid to lower the pH of saliva and the results of this activity will initiate the process of demineralization of tooth structure. The palm sugar contains sucrose higher at 84 % compared with 20 % of sugar cane.8 The purpose of this study was to determine differences in comparison the pH of saliva before and after consuming a solution of sugar and palm sugar. This study was an experimental study using pre-test and post-test design. The samples used as many as 26 people. Each sample was given treatment consumes sugar and palm sugar solution. Salivary pH measurements using dental saliva pH indicator. Analysis of data using the Wilcoxon test. The result show an average difference in the pH of saliva after consuming a solution of sugar of 0.57 ± 0.32 while the average difference in the pH of saliva after consuming palm sugar solution at 0.67 ± 0.40. The value of p> 0.05 so there is no significant difference. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that consuming a solution of sugar and palm sugar solutions together can decrease the pH of saliva. 

Keywords : salivary pH , sugar solution , palm sugar solution
EFEKTIVITAS BERKUMUR LARUTAN INFUSUM DAUN GUAVA (Psidium Guajava Linn) DALAM MENURUNKAN INDEKS PLAK
Authors: Ikhsan Tika Fauzara , Allioes Yustini , Suprianto Kosno
Published: December 2019

Plaque is a sticky deposit, consists of bacteria and it’s products in the form of biofilm that breed in a matrix on the surface of the tooth. Plaque can control chemically by using mouthwash. The infuse solution of guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn) can be used as a herbal mouthwash. Antibacterial potency from the flavonoid in guava leaf can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. The purpose of this studi is to determining the effectiveness of gargling guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn) infuse solution in reducing plaque index. This study was conducted with pre-test post-test control group design to 32 students of Dentistry Faculty of Andalas University as respondents in two days. The first day, 32 respondents gargled with aquades as a control group and the second day, 32 respondents gargled with infuse solution of guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn) with 80% concentration as the case group. The plaque index was observed with modified plaque index Turesky-Gilmore-Glicman of Quigley-Hein. Result of the study is there is difference in the reduction of plaque index between the control group and the case group significantly (p <0.05), which the plaque index is lower in the case group than the control group. Conclusion of this study concluded that the infuse solution of guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn) was effective in decreasing plaque index.

Keywords:Infuse solution of Guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn), plaque index
UJI ANTI INFLAMASI SECARA TOPIKAL EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI SARANG SEMUT (Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN
Authors: Islamoyo1 Muhammad , Aldi Yufri , Nelis Surya
Published: December 2019

Inflammation  is a tissue response  towards  damaging  physical  or chemical  stimulations.  One local sign of inflammation  is  edema  (tumor).  Usage  of  natural  herbal  medicine  has  become  an  alternative  way  to  prevent inflammation.  The extract of umbi sarang semut (Myrmecodia  tuberosa Jack) has anti-inflammation,  anti-bacterial and  antioxidant  properties.  This  study  is  to  determine  the  anti-inflammation  effect  of  the  topical  application  of Myrmecodia  tuberosa Jack ethanol extract. This study used 28 white male rats previously  induced with carragenin 2%  b/v  0,5ml  and  divided  into  4  treatment  groups.  Groups  1,2  dan  3  were  given  the  ethanol  extract  with  a concentration  of 0,5 %; 1%; 2% respectively  after induction and on 24, 48 and 72 hours after the first application. Group 4 was the untreated control group. Each treatment group were extracted for their inflammation  exudate fluid from their backs using a 1 ml syringe. Edema fluid volume was measured. The results showed a decrease of edema fluid volume on all treatment groups.   Statistical data analysis showed a significant difference between group 2 and the negative  control;  also between  group  3 and the negative  control.  In conclusion,  the topical  ethanol  extract  of Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack can reduce inflammation reactions.

Keywords: Myrmecodia  tuberosa  Jack, anti-inflammation,  topical, edema fluid volume
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS BUAH STROBERI (Fragaria x ananassa) DENGAN BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia) SEBAGAI BAHAN ALAMI PEMUTIH GIGI SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Nurhaeni Nia , Symond Denas , Ristiono Bambang
Published: December 2019

One of the aesthetic problem which had bother and become a complaint was teeth discoloration that can be overcome by dental bleaching procedures. The use of tooth whitening ingredient can cause side effects such as tooth sensitivity and mucous irritation. Therefore, many researchers have been looking for a safer alternatives materials  to be used as tooth whitening ingredients including Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) contain of elegat acid and malic acid and Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) contain of citric acid which have potential to whiten the teeth. The purpose of this research is to determine differences strawberry and lime fruit as a natural ingredient of tooth whitening. This research used in vitro laboratory experiment method by using 30 post-extraction premolar on teeth divided into three groups, namely the treatment of strawberry concentration of 100% (K1), the treatment group lime concentration of  2.5% (K2 ) and the treatment control group carbamide peroxide 10% (K3). Color changes measurements was observed pretest and posttest by 15 observers using Shade Guide VITAPAN classical. The research showed that strawberry concentration of 100% have an average difference in the color of teeth is 6.40, lime concentration of 2.5 at 6.20 and carbamide peroxide 10% as the control group amounted to 3.20. Based on the Kruskal Wallis test there are differences in the average value of the observation color of the teeth was significant (P <0.05) and continued with different test further the Post Hoc Test Mann Whitney gained significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatment groups strawberry 100% with carbamide peroxide 10%, lime and 2.5% carbamide peroxide 10%, while among the treatment groups strawberries 100% with 2.5% lime fruit is not significantly different because it has a value of p> 0.05. Strawberry concentration of 100% more effective to whiten teeth than lime concentration of 2.5%, but there is no significant difference in teeth whitening, while lime is more effective than carbamide peroxide 10%.

Keywords:Strawberry, lime, carbamide peroxide 10%, tooth whitening.
Short-term Effects of Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation, Exercise, and Education in Individuals With Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fisher Laura R. , Alvar Brent A. , Maher Sara F. , Cleland Joshua A.
Published: December 2019

Objective

To determine the short-term effectiveness of thoracic manipulation when compared to sham manipulation for individuals with low back pain (LBP).

Design

Randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Patients with LBP were stratified based on symptom duration and randomly assigned to a thoracic manipulation or sham manipulation treatment group. Groups received 3 visits that included manipulation or sham manipulation, core stabilization exercises, and patient education. Factorial repeated-measures analysis of variance and multiple regression were performed for pain, disability, and fear avoidance. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze patient-perceived improvement, via the global rating of change scale, at follow-up.

Results

Ninety participants completed the study (mean ± SD age, 38 ± 11.5 years; 70% female; 72% with chronic LBP). The overall group-by-time interaction was not significant for the Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, numeric pain-rating scale, and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire outcomes. The global rating of change scale was not significantly different between groups.

Conclusion

Three sessions of thoracic manipulation, education, and exercise did not result in improved outcomes when compared to a sham manipulation, education, and exercise in individuals with chronic LBP. Future studies are needed to identify the most effective management strategies for the treatment of LBP.

Level of Evidence

Therapy, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(1):24–32. Epub 6 Dec 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.8928
Pemetaan situasi dan kondisi kebahasaan dalam mendukung keberhasilan program BIPA di Timor Leste
Authors: Amanat Tri
Published: December 2019

One step to improve the function of Indonesian language into an international language is done through the development of Indonesian language teaching programs for foreigners (BIPA) in various friendly countries, including Timor Leste. Until now Timor Leste is one of the countries with the most requests for sending BIPA teachers. Therefore certain steps are needed to support the success of this program, one of which is by conducting a study related to the situation and conditions of the language. This study aims to; Describe the situation and conditions of language that exists in Timor Leste both in the realm of government policy and the real conditions that exist in society. Mapping the potential and barriers to the development of Indonesian in East Timor. This study uses qualitative methods. Data acquisition is done through document analysis, field observations, and interviews. The results of the study indicate that East Timor is a multilingual community. In macro terms, there are several regulations that can support the development of BIPA, however, there are also some that can hamper. In micro terms, Indonesian is still considered familiar by certain groups but in general, the younger generation of Timor Leste (especially those born after independence) have many who do not understand/know bahasa Indonesian.
Hambatan dalam upaya pengembangan BIPA di luar negeri
Authors: Nastiti Ayu Dwi , Datil Lale Li , Sukma Bayu Permana
Published: December 2019

Law Number 24 Year 2009 gives a mandate to National Agency of Language Cultivation and Development, Ministry of Education and Culture through the Centre for Language Strategy and Diplomacy Development to increase function of Indonesian language as an international language. The mandate is then realized by the Centre by launching a program deploying Indonesian language teachers to 23 countries. As part of its evaluation, this research aims to identify obstacles in developing Indonesian as a Foreign Language (IFL) abroad particularly during the program from 2015 to 2017. This research used a descriptive qualitative method through document analysis. The data were obtained from 95 assignment reports by the Indonesian as a Foreign Language (IFL) teachers assigned by the Centre for Language Strategy and Diplomacy Development. The results show that there are eight aspects of obstacles found. The aspects are learning standard, students, teachers, infrastructures, institutions, environments, administration abroad, and inter-agency coordination.
KEBERHASILGUNAAN PENYULUHAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Budhiono Ralph Hery
Published: December 2019

Penyuluhan Bahasa Indonesia is an annual educational event conducted by Balai Bahasa Kalimantan Tengah. Elementary school teachers all over Kalimantan Tengah usually be the main target since they hardly learn the Indonesian language academically and specifically. Socializing the national language of Indonesia, spreadingnewest issues of the language and improving speakers ability are the main idea. Language and speakers cultivation is its major aim. The effectivity of such event has not been evaluated yet. Based on this fact the writer wants to figure out the effectivity of Penyuluhan Bahasa Indonesia. The problems discussed in this writing will be how are the participants’ scores of pre-test and post-test. This scores then analyzed to identify whether Penyuluhan Bahasa Indonesia is truly effective. sample of this writing are 71 elementary schools teachers from two regions, namely Pangkalan Bun and Kuala Kapuas. The data are then analyzed statistically. Based on the findings, the average scores of those two sessions test were not satisfied yet. Meanwhile, the event of Penyuluhan Bahasa Indonesia influences the scores significantly and improves teachers ability. In general, based on scores, Pangkalan Bun as a more dynamic region considered to be more superior in average score than Kuala Kapuas.
INDONESIAN EFL TEACHERS’ CONCEPTUALIZATION OF CULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY EFL CLASSROOM (Konseptualisasi yang Dimiliki Guru Bahasa Inggris Indonesia Terkait dengan Kultur dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa Asing pada Abad XXI)
Authors: Morganna Ruly , Anshori Sakut
Published: December 2019

In dealing with the 21st century EFL pedagogy where interculturality and multiculturality are promoted to be the crucial aspects of EFL learning, this study is oriented towards investigating Indonesian EFL teachers’ conceptualization of culture in EFL classroom. The conceptualization in this sense is emphasized on their knowledge construction underlying their teaching principles. This study was conducted qualitatively by engaging three Indonesian EFL teachers selected purposively. The data of this study were garnered from open-ended questionnaires and interview. Regarding the teachers’ conceptualization, this study revealed that culture referred to the way of living becoming the framework of language use since language per se referred to a social semiotic, and the framework of learning going on inter and intra-individually. In EFL learning, culture was viewed from its interculturality. Interculturality was supported although two teachers stayed in native-speakerism specifically for linguistic competence. This study is meaningful since it serves a set of contributive knowledge vis-a-vis culture in EFL learning for EFL teachers and curriculum developers. However, this study is still delimited on cultural conception. Further studies are expected to work on the practice of cultural conception to deal with the 21st century EFL learning in Indonesia.
The Factors Influencing Perceived Ease of Use of E-Learning by Accounting Lecturer
Authors: Laily Nujmatul , Riadani Fenty Shintya
Published: December 2019

This research aims at analyzing the influence of one’s anxiety in using computer (computer anxiety), age and gender on perceived ease of use of e-learning by accounting lecturers through their self-efficacy in using computer (computer self-efficacy). The population used in this research is all 34 lecturers at accounting department in X University and the sample is taken using saturated sampling technique since the number of respondents is limited. The data are collected by distributing questionnaire to lecturers.  The hypotheses are tested using path analysis test. The research results indicate that: (1) Computer anxiety has insignificant influence on perceived ease of use through computer self-efficacy. (2) Respondent’s age has insignificant influence on perceived ease of use through computer self-efficacy. (3) Respondent’s gender has insignificant influence on perceived ease of use through computer self-efficacy.
The Role of Financial Literacy on Financial Behavior
Authors: Andarsari Pipit Rosita , Ningtyas Mega Noerman
Published: December 2019

A number of previous empirical studies found that, financially speaking, literate people tends to do budgeting, saving, controlling expenses, managing debt well, participating in stock market and planning pension fund, etc. In other words, the higher an individual’s knowledge and understanding of financial concept, the more likely they are to behave financially well in their daily life. Financial literacy is needed by everyone, including womenpreneur because not only they have to be able to manage their personal finance, they should also manage their business finance. Financially literate people are more likely to get access to external funding and to develop their business. This research aims to examine the role played by financial literacy on financial behavior of womenpreneur in Malang. Financial literacy was measured using 11 questions modified from Lusardi & Mitchell (2011) and financial behavior was measured using 8 questions taken from INFE. The sample was 95 respondents who were female (owners of) Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Malang. The data were collected using questionnaire. We used Partial Least Square with Smart PLS 3 to examine the variables. After the first bootstrapping process, we drop some invalid indicators and then perform the second bootstrapping. The result showed that all of the remaining indicators were valid and financial literacy had been found to have positive significant (influence) on financial behavior.
Lost, redefined, or preserved? Expressions of solidarity in Paul Auster’s 'In the Country of Last Things'
Authors: Kula Julia
Published: December 2019

In his novel set entirely in a dystopian environment, In the Country of Last Things, Paul Auster portrays a disturbing vision of urban space where pervasive processes of disintegration and destabilisation profoundly determine the relations inside it. In this study the semiotic space of this unnamed city will be examined on the basis of the opposition between dominant dystopian space and impermanent sanctuaries located within the urban realm. The defining division of space has its reflection in the practical realisation of the concept of solidarity. The city is inhabited by society for whom moral codes and higher values can be considered relics of the past. Consequently, genuine solidarity has been replaced by what Sally Scholz calls ‘parasitical solidarity’. Temporary refuges, on the other hand, serve as the last anchorages of humanity trying to resist detrimental impacts from outside and to preserve natural gestures of solidarity.
Seyyid Vehbî Divanı’na göre 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı Bahriye Teşkilatı
Authors: DÜZLÜ Özlem
Published: December 2019

Klasik Türk şiirinin muhtevası dâhilindeki alanlardan biri de Osmanlı denizciliğidir. Klasik Türk şairleri bahriye teşkilatına ait mekânlar, bu mekânlardaki binaların yapımı/tamiri, gemileri denize indirme, atama gibi tanıklık ettikleri tarihî olaylar yanında benzetme ve hayallerinde kullandıkları çeşitli unsurlarla bahriye teşkilatıyla ilgili birtakım bilgi ve özellikleri şiirlerine yansıtmışlardır. III. Ahmed ve I. Mahmud dönemlerinin pek çok gelişmesini divanına yansıtan Seyyid Vehbî de (ö. 1736) gemiyi denize indirme törenleri, tersaneye ait binaların restorasyonu gibi özellikle Lale Devri’ndeki bazı tarihî gelişmeler ile Osmanlı Bahriye Teşkilatında yer alan gemiler, teşkilatı oluşturan şahıslar ve pek çok denizcilik terim ve tabirine şiirlerinde yer vermiştir. Bu makalede Seyyid Vehbî Divanı örnekleminde Osmanlı Bahriye Teşkilatıyla ilgili bazı gelişme ve unsurların klasik Türk şiirine nasıl yansıdığı ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Makalede Osmanlı bahriyesi; Tersane-i Âmire, Osmanlı Bahriyesinde Kullanılan Gemiler, Bahriye Mensupları, Donanmanın Denize/Sefere Çıkması ve Gemilerin Denize İndirilmesi olmak üzere beş başlık altında incelenmiştir.
Két könyv a svájci peregrinációról
Authors: Szabó Béla
Published: December 2019

Két könyv a svájci peregrinációról - könyvismertető
A Fogorvostudományi Kar 15 éve
Authors: Ifj. Barta János
Published: December 2019

A Fogorvostudományi Kar 15 éve - könyvismertetés