bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studi Fenomenologi Pengalaman Keluarga Suku Jawa dengan Anggota Keluarga Menderita Covid-19 di Ruang Perawatan Intensif
Authors: Bahrudin Moch , Dari Tanty Wulan
Published: September 2021

AbstrakKeputusasaan merupakan penilaian negatif terhadap hasil yang akan dicapai dan ketidakberdayaan terhadap suatu harapan. Keputusasaan dapat terjadi pada keluarga dengan salah anggotanya di rawat dengan COVID-19 di ruang perawatan intensif karena perasaan keputusasaan akibat suatu keadaan ketidakpastian serta waktu yang tidak dapat dipastikan dalam penyembuhannya. Kondisi ini dapat berlanjut pada gangguan mental emosional maupun tindakan suicide. Oleh karena itu gambaran pengalaman keluarga pasien yang di rawat di ruang perawatan intensif dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif fenomenologi terhadap 6 partisipan yang bersuku jawa. Hasil penelitian didapatkan tujuh tema utama yaitu (1) Perpisahan sebagai akibat pasien perlu pengawasan, (2) Respon keputusasaan, (3) Disfungsi proses keluarga, (4) Kehilangan makna hidup, (5) Dukungan dan motivasi diri sebagai sumber koping menghadapi keputusasaan, (6) Hikmah spiritual dibalik keputusasaan stroke survivor dan (7) Dapat menjalani kehidupan dengan lebih baik. Penelitian ini menyarankan dikembangkannya standar asuhan keperawatan keputusasaan dan pemberian dukungan keluarga pasien yang dirawat diruang perawatan intensif khususnya pada rumah umum milik daerah di suku Jawa.Â Kata kunci: COVID-19, keputusasaan, kualitatifAbstractHopelessness is a negative assessment toward the results to be achieved and the helplessness of a hope. Hopelessness can occur in families with one of their members is hospitalized because ofÂ  COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit because of hopelessness feelings due to uncertain timeÂ  ofÂ  recovery. This condition can lead to mental emotional disorders or suicide. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the family experiences of patients with covid 19 who are hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit. Phenomenological Â descriptive qualitative research on 6 Javanese participants. The results of the study found seven main themes, namely (1) Separation as a result of patients need supervision, (2) Hopelessness response, (3) Dysfunction of the family process, (4) Loss of meaningful life, (5) Support and self-motivation as a source of coping in facing hopelessness, (6) Spiritual wisdom behind the hopelessness of stroke survivors and (7) Being able to live a better life. This study suggests the development of nursing care standards for hopelessness and providing family support for patients who are hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit, especially in regional public hospitals in the Javanese tribe.Keywords: COVID-19, hopelessness, qualitative
Perbandingan GAP dan RTS Sebagai Prediktor Perburukan Pasien Cedera Kepala
Authors: Putri Tengku Isni Yuli Lestari , Ahsan Ahsan , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Rofiyati Winda , Triyono Heru Ginanjar , Rosyida Ratna Wirawati , Putra Muhammad G A , Rahmania Annisa , Idrus Fitriyanti N
Published: September 2021

AbstrakCedera kepala adalah cedera pada otak yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan fungsi serta struktur jaringan otak akibat mendapatkan dorongan mekanik eksternal seperti trauma tumpul maupun tusuk. Kejadian cedera kepala dan tingkat perburukan cedera kepala sangat tinggi di dunia. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penilaian awal untuk memprediksi perburukan pasien cedera kepala yaitu menggunakan GAP dan RTS. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbandingan GAP dan RTS dalam memprediksi perburukan pasien cedera kepala. Desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan retrospektif dengan purposive sampling. Responden berjumlah 245 rekam medis cedera kepala. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan lembar observasi. Analisis uji Receiver Operating Charateristic (ROC). Didapatkan hasil maisng-masing RTS dan GAP dalam memprediksi perburukan pasien cedera kepala mempunyai nilai = 0.851 vs 0.806. RTS lebih baik dalam memprediksi perburukan pasien cedera kepala dibandingkan dengan GAP.Kata kunci: cedera kepala, GAP, perburukan, RTSÂ Â AbstractHead injury is an injury to the brain that can cause changes in the function and structure of brain tissue due to external mechanical impulses such as blunt or puncture trauma. The incidence of head injuries and the rate of deterioration of head injuries is very high in the world. Therefore an initial assessment is needed to predict the worsening of head injury patients using GAP and RTS. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of GAP and RTS in predicting worsening head injury in patients. Using analytic observational research design with a retrospective approach with purposive sampling. Total respondents are 245 head injury medical records. The measurements were taken by an observation sheet. The data was analyzed by using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) tests. The results obtained that in predicting the worsening of head injury patients RTS has a value of 0.851 while GAP is 0.806. RTS is better than GAP in predicting worsening head injury patients.Keywords: head Injury, GAP, worsening, RTS
Efek Samping KB Suntik Kombinasi (Spotting) dengan Kelangsungan Akseptor KB Suntik Kombinasi
Authors: Kusumawardani Paramitha Amelia , Machfudloh Hanik
Published: September 2021

Abstrak Berbagai macam metode kontrasepsi tersedia baik berupa metode hormonal maupun metode non hormonal. Data Riskesdas 2018 menunjukkan KB suntik 3 bulan merupakan kontrasepsi hormonal yang paling banyak digunakan. Setiap kontrasepsi hormonal yang ada mempunyai efek samping termasuk KB suntik 3 bulan yang mengandung progestin. Dari data register yang diambil di PBM Desa Suko Kabupaten Sidoarjo, akseptor KB suntik 3 bulan hampir seluruh akseptor mengalami efek samping, Tujuan penelitian mengkaji efek samping KB suntik 3 bulan terhadap kelangsungan penggunaan KB suntik 3 bulan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan desain penelitian korelasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan studi retrospektif. Populasi pada penelitian seluruh akseptor KB suntik 3 bulan yang mengalami efek samping (spotting) di PBM Desa Suko Kabupaten Sidoarjo berjumlah 34 akseptor dan sampel yang diambil 31 akseptor.Teknik sampling menggunakan random sampling. Uji statistik Chi-Kuadrat dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 didapatkan 2X sebesar 2,981823 sedangkan 2X tabel Chi-Kuadrat dengan d.b=1 sebesar 3,481. Jadi didapatkan hasil 2X hitung lebih kecil dari 2X tabel Chi-Kuadrat maka hipotesa Ho diterima. Kesimpulan efek samping (spotting) tidak ada hubungan dengan kelangsungan penggunaan KB suntik 3 bulan.Kata kunci: efek samping, spotting, kontrasepsi, KB suntikÂ Â Abstract There are various contraceptive methods available, both hormonal and non-hormonal methods. The 2018 Riskesdas data shows that 3 months injection contraceptive is hormonal contraceptive most used. Every hormonal contraceptive has side effects including 3 months injection contraceptive that contains progestin. Based on registered data taken at PBM (Independence Midwife Practice) Suko village, Sidoarjo, almost all acceptors of 3-month injection contraceptive experience side effects, therefore researchers want to study side effects of 3-month injection contraceptive toward the continuity of using 3-month injection contraceptive. The research design used correlation research design using a cross sectional approach with a retrospective study. Population in study was 34 acceptor of 3 month injection contraceptive who experienced side effects (spotting) in PBM Suko village, Sidoarjo and the sample was 31 acceptors. Sampling technique uses random sampling. Chi-Square statistical test with a significant level of 0.05 was obtained 2X of 2.981823 while the 2X Chi-Square table with d.b = 1 was 3.481. So the result is 2X count smaller than 2X Chi-Square table, so the Ho hypothesis is accepted. Conclusion of this study is that side effects (spotting) have no relationship with continuity of using injection contraceptives for 3 months.Keywords: side effect, spotting, contraception, injection contraceptive
Efektivitas Self-Management Program terhadap Manajemen Diri Klien Hipertensi
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Bafadhal Rahmah Naufal , Mahudeh Mahudeh
Published: September 2021

AbstrakManajemen diri penting dilakukan oleh klien hipertensi untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan dalam mengatasi hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas self-management program terhadap manajemen diri klien hiprtensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain randomised control trial (RCT).Penelitian ini telah dilakukan di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jember. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penderita hipertensi sejumlah kurang lebih 119, dengan sampel yang terpilih menggunakan cluster random sampling yaitu 35 kelompok intervensi dan 35 kelompok kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U Test dan independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol tentang manajemen diri meliputi integrasi diri, regulasi diri, interaksi dengan tenaga kesehatan dan lainnya, pemantauan tekanan darah, serta kepatuhan terhadap aturan yang dianjurkan. Kelompok intervensi mempunyai skor manajemen diri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Selain itu juga ada perbedaan yang siginifikan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik kelompok intervensi menurun atau lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik kelompok kontrol.Self-management program efektif dalam meningkatkan manajemen diri klien hipertensi.Kata kunci: hipertensi, manajemen diri,self-management programÂ Â AbstractSelf-management is important for hypertension clientsÂ to improve hypertension management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of self-management programs on the self-management of hypertensive clients. This research is an experimental study with a randomized control trial (RCT) design. This research has been conducted in the working area of the Jember District Health Office. The population in this study was 119 hypertension patients, with a sample selected used cluster random sampling (35 intervention groups and 35 control groups). The results showed that there were significant differences between the intervention group and the control group regarding self-management including self-integration, self-regulation, interactions with health workers and others, monitoring blood pressure, and adherence to recommended rules. The intervention group had a higher self-management score than the control group. In addition, there was also a significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the control group and the intervention group. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group is lower than the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the control group. A self-management program is effective in improving self-management of hypertensive clients.Keywords: hypertension, self-management, self-management program
Kinerja Tim Bedah Kamar Operasi Rumah Sakit di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Asmuji Asmuji , Widodo Priyo , Sumarini Ninik , Indahwati Iin
Published: September 2021

AbstrakRuang bedah (kamar operas) menjadi suatu area yang memberikan pelayanan pembedahan dengan resiko kasus kecelakaan yang sangat tinggi. Penerapan 3 fase pembedahan (sign in, time out, dan sign out) menjadi kegiatan wajib yang harus dipatuhi tim bedah untuk mewujudkan program keselamatan pasien. Karena, keselamatan pasien dapat menjadi nilai kinerja tim bedah dalam menjalankan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kinerja tim bedah kamar operasi di rumah sakit di Kabupaten Jember. Desain yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah klien yang mendapatkan tindakan bedah (operasi) dengan jumlah 32 orang diambil secara quota sampling. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) dari WHO. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan tampilan data berupa tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 32 (100%) klien yang akan menjalani operasi dilakukan sign in sesuai dengan item dalam SSC. Artinya kinerja tim bedah dalam tahapan sign in dalam katagori baik. Kinerja tim bedah pada fase time out dan sign out belum menunjukkan kinerja yang baik. Kinerja tim bedah yang tidak baik dalam kegiatan pembedahan sangat berisiko menimbulkan ancaman keselamatan klien selama menjalani pembedahan maupun setelahnya. Bagi pihak manajemen rumah sakit diharapkan melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi kinerja tim bedah secara berkala dan berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: kamar operasi, kinerja, tim bedahÂ AbstractThe surgery room is an area that provides surgical services with a very high risk of accident cases. The implementation of 3 phases of surgery (sign in, time out, and sign out) is a mandatory activity that the surgical team must comply with to realize a patient safety program. Because patient safety shows the work value of the surgical team's performance in carrying out their duties and responsibilities. This study aims to describe the performance of the operating room surgery team at a hospital in Jember Regency. The design used in this research is descriptive observational. The sample of this study was 32 clients who received surgery/surgery which was taken by quota sampling. The collecting data used Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) from WHO. The data analysis used description with the data display in the form of a frequency distribution table. The results showed that 32 (100%) clients who will have surgery were signed in based on the items in the SSC. It showed that the performance of the surgical team in the sign-in stage is in a good category. The performance of the surgical team in the time out and sign out phases has not shown good performance. The substandard performance of the surgical team is very risky to pose a threat to the clientâ€™s safety during surgery and after surgery. The hospital management is expected to monitor and evaluate the performance of the surgical team regularly and continuously.Keywords: surgery room, performance, surgical team
Docentes resilientes. Elementos centrales en el programa universitario de tutoría
Authors: Cajigal Molina Erick
Published: September 2021

La resiliencia se puede desarrollar en los espacios del programa de tutoría universitaria e incide en la reprobación y deserción de los estudiantes. Los docentes tienen mayores posibilidades de participar en el desarrollo o mejora de la resiliencia de los estudiantes al ser resilientes. De ahí que se presenta una investigación realizada con el objetivo de conocer el estado que guardan los aspectos que componen la resiliencia de un grupo de docentes de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, México, en el año 2020. Es un estudio cuantitativo de tipo correlacional. Se utiliza el instrumento encuesta para tutores de educación, el cual fue sometido a la prueba Alfa de Cronbach resultando con alta confiabilidad. La información fue tratada en el programa SPSS, se realizó la descripción de los ítems por medio de frecuencias y se hicieron cruces de variables con la prueba estadística Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Los resultados dan la oportunidad de señalar que los participantes poseen una resiliencia aceptable, lo cual les da posibilidades de participar de manera pertinente en el desarrollo de la resiliencia en sus estudiantes desde el programa de tutoría.
Incidencia de la gestión universitaria en la deserción estudiantil de las universidades públicas en Chile
Authors: Sanhueza Gutiérrez Daniela , King-Domínguez Andrea , Amestica-Rivas Luis
Published: September 2021

La deserción estudiantil afecta a los sistemas educativos a nivel global y Chile no es la excepción, especialmente en el sector universitario. No existe una única razón que lleve a los estudiantes a desertar, sino más bien es un fenómeno multicausal, las condiciones de cada institución toman relevancia al intentar explicar este fenómeno. En este contexto, el objetivo de esta investigación es identificar y analizar los factores institucionales que explican la deserción estudiantil de las universidades chilenas. A partir de una muestra de 28 universidades llamadas públicas, integrada por instituciones privadas y estatales, se aplicaron tres tipos de regresiones de tipo panel de datos sobre variables explicativas para el periodo 2016-2018. En un primer análisis se evidenció que la tasa promedio de deserción estudiantil es mayor en las universidades estatales en comparación con las privadas. Del mismo modo se logró evidenciar que, a mayor cantidad de docentes con postgrado, a mayor número de metros cuadrados construidos de salas de estudios, laboratorios y salas de clases por estudiantes, y a mayor número de bibliotecas académicas, menor es la tasa de deserción estudiantil. Estos resultados podrían ser interesantes para la definición de políticas institucionales.
La percepción de los universitarios sobre el acoso sexual en los espacios públicos
Authors: Hernández Herrera Claudia Alejandra
Published: September 2021

La violencia contra las mujeres en los espacios públicos tiene consecuencias graves en su movilidad, lo anterior las segrega, las limita y las excluye, ya que el miedo y la falta de seguridad puede afectar su empoderamiento y progreso personal, académico y profesional. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del artículo es estudiar las percepciones de mujeres y hombres universitarios sobre los elementos que integran las dimensiones que conforman el acoso sexual en espacios públicos, las estrategias de intervención contra la violencia sexual, y las acciones orientadas a la seguridad. Es un estudio transversal; la obtención de datos se realiza por medio de un cuestionario, se empleó el análisis factorial y modelos lineales generalizados para determinar los efectos principales sobre los grupos de las variables sociodemográficas y los factores encontrados. Participaron 3,226 estudiantes de tres instituciones de educación superior. Se concluye que con respecto a la dimensión de las manifestaciones de acoso sexual en espacios públicos las mujeres son las que reciben mayores manifestaciones de violencia que los hombres; las universitarias que corren mayores riesgos son aquellas que no tienen quién las acompañe a tomar un transporte seguro y las que cuentan con un empleo; las conductas de acoso sexual que con frecuencia reciben van desde los silbidos hasta los ataques sexuales. En cambio, los hombres pueden transitar con mayor libertad. Por último, con respecto a factores que integran las estrategias de intervención y las acciones orientadas a la seguridad es imprescindible que las universidades trabajen en conjunto con el gobierno para implementar intervenciones que permitan mitigar el fenómeno; lo anterior requiere de una participación de los jóvenes universitarios.
Características prosociales y producción científica de académicos de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua
Authors: Agredo-Machin Doris , Chávez-Valdez Sarah Margarita , Romo-González José Refugio
Published: September 2021

Este artículo resume los hallazgos de una investigación cuantitativa y correlacional que tuvo el propósito de relacionar diversos rasgos de conductas prosociales con la producción científica de una muestra de 31 profesores con el grado de doctor de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. Se empleó una encuesta con 73 reactivos evaluados con una escala de tipo Likert de cinco puntos, los cuales se clasificaron bajo seis dimensiones de características prosociales: a) motivación intrínseca, b) motivación extrínseca, c) autoestima, d) empatía, e) autorregulación y f) conducta prosocial. El análisis de datos se realizó en función de datos sociodemográficos, de perfil profesional, los distintos productos científicos que acreditaron los docentes y las seis dimensiones prosociales. Entre los resultados más relevantes se encontró que: i) los doctores con mayor producción global obtuvieron calificaciones más bajas en las seis dimensiones prosociales; ii) los investigadores más jóvenes son quienes han publicado la mayor cantidad de artículos y obtuvieron las mejores puntuaciones en las características prosociales; iii) los investigadores que tienen la mayor cantidad global de producción científica tuvieron una calificación en motivación intrínseca ligeramente superior; iv) quienes obtuvieron su grado de doctor en el extranjero concentran más de la mitad de la producción (seis de ellos están en el SNI), y v) los miembros del SNI también concentran más de la mitad de la producción.
COGNITIVE INTEREST: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE ACQUISITION OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS IN SCHOOLS OF LATVIA
Authors:   Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Riga, Latvia, Cēdere Dagnija , Jurgena Inese ,   Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Riga, Latvia, Helmane Ineta ,   Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Riga, Latvia, Tiltiņa Inta ,   Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Riga, Latvia, Praulīte Gunita ,   Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Riga, Latvia
Published: September 2021

The low level of pupils’ knowledge and skills in science and mathematics is a serious problem in the economic development of the country. Cognitive interest is a crucial learning motive; no successful learning process is possible without inciting interest. Grade 9 pupils were surveyed to find out the respondents’ cognitive interest in the field of exact sciences. On average the interest in subjects of exact sciences is poorly pronounced. Respondents have good understanding about the causal relations while the cognitive activity, the skill to overcome difficulties in learning is low. Cognitive interest in learning is promoted by diverse methodological approaches that are oriented towards pupils’ self-actualization and purposefulness. Key words: cognitive interest, learning process, science and mathematics.
ONLINE SCIENCE LITERACY: TO TEACH OR NOT TO TEACH
Authors:   University Maribor, Slovenia, Kordigel Aberšek Metka
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of the study, which examined science teachers’ evaluation of online science literacy competence in their students. Data was collected through adopted TICA questionnaire for accessing students’ basic computer competence, finding a suitable website, locating information on the website and critically evaluating the information. Results show: the digital generation does not enter the school as online literate. Online (science) literacy is developing in the educational process – and must be taught in the educational process. Key words: inferential reasoning, metacognition, online science literacy, hypertext comprehension.
DESIGNING A BLENDED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT TO SUPPORT SELF-DIRECTED AND SELF-REGULATED LEARNING
Authors:   Uludag University, Turkey, Şentürk Aysan
Published: September 2021

In this study, a blended learning environment was designed for sixty students from Computer Education and Instructional Technologies Department, taking Programming Languages course. The environment was designed to support self-directed and self-regulated learning. Interviews with open ended questions were used as data collection instruments. According to the qualitative data collected in this study it was concluded that students were satisfied using that learning environment. Key words: blended learning environment, self-directed and self-regulated learning, university students.
PRE-LEARNING ACTIVITIES USING A TEXTBOOK: A CROATIAN VIEW
Authors:   University of Split, Croatia, Smerdel Snježana , Zejnilagić-Hajrić Meliha ,   University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2021

A pilot research was carried out on a sample of teachers in order to determine the frequency of textbook usage within the pre-learning strategy for teaching chemistry and biology in primary and secondary schools. Data were collected through a questionnaire, and processed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Teachers use a textbook with written materials, as well as online resources within the frame of the pre-learning strategy quite rarely, and there is no difference in textbook usage regarding the education level. Keywords: cognitive load, pre-learning activities, using a textbook, working memory capacity.
LOCATING EVIDENCES OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION CURRICULAR: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NIGERIAN AND SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban, South Africa, Ugwu Alvin U.
Published: September 2021

This research explores the integration of Education for Sustainable Development in the Science and Technology School Curriculum Documents of the Sub-Saharan African giant nations (Nigeria and South Africa) through a comparative analysis. The paper supports that Sustainable Development is a key in a present-day Science and Technology school curricula, given the global economic, social, cultural and environmental imperatives. The study suggests that science and technology curriculum should be a critical transformative tool towards integrating and fostering Sustainable Development in developing countries. Keywords: education for sustainable development, sustainable development, Sub-Saharan Africa.
LESSON STUDY AS A PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF PRESERVICE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY TEACHERS
Authors:   University of Lisbon, Portugal, Conceição Teresa , Baptista Mónica ,   University of Lisbon, Portugal, Pedro da Ponte João ,   University of Lisbon, Portugal
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research is to show the learning of pre-service physics and chemistry teachers in a lesson study about tasks. The research methodology is qualitative and interpretive, with the participation of three pre-service physics and chemistry teachers. The data is collected through interviews and written reflections of the participants. The results show that pre-service teachers learn to identify tasks of different natures, valorizing open and challenging tasks in the development of students’ competences. They also recognized that when students like the task they will become more involved with learning which allows for more meaningful learning in science. Thus, the lesson study in initial training seems to promote the development of professional learning of pre-service physics and chemistry teachers in the Portuguese context. Keywords: lesson study, professional development, science education, pre-service teachers, science tasks.
Análisis de la primarización de la economía en América Latina desde la base material del método dialéctico
Authors: Sánchez Proaño Renato
Published: September 2021

En los últimos años América Latina no solo ha experimentado un crecimiento económico, sino también ha tenido que enfrentar una tendencia a la primarización de la economía, a la desindustrialización y al aumento de las maquiladoras y ensambladoras. Un análisis geopolítico clásico revelaría que el problema está en la incapacidad de sus gobernantes de gestionar los estados, sea cual sea el posicionamiento político que tengan. Razonamientos éticos como estos no son suficientes para lograr un cambio pragmático de la realidad; razón por la cual, el presente trabajo pretende realizar el análisis desde la base material del método dialéctico y la economía ecológica. Para esto, en primer lugar, se devela el carácter histórico y epistemológico del capitalismo, con lo cual se pueden identificar categorías que van más allá de la tendencia egoísta del “homo economicus”. En segundo lugar, se han expresado las similitudes conceptuales entre la base material del método dialéctico y la economía ecológica, el cual incorpora nuevas epistemes que reconocen la importancia que la naturaleza tiene para la vida, algo que la economía ambiental basado en las teorías neoclásicas no ha logrado. Para esto se usan técnicas de análisis del metabolismo sociedad-naturaleza, el cual demuestra cómo desde la colonia la participación de América Latina en la economía mundial ha sido como proveedor de materias primas; y cómo a su vez la naturaleza dialécticamente ha determinado materialmente a la región en sus niveles económicos y sociales; continuándose y acentuándose esta tendencia incluso durante las épocas de crecimiento económico.
Inluence of Different Levels of Cowdung on Mitigation of Water Deficit Effect on Wheat
Authors: Amin AKMR , Reza S
Published: September 2021

The experiment was conducted in pot at the net house of the department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November, 2018 to March, 2019to find out the optimum dose(s) cowdung to mitigate the water deficit effect on wheat. The experiment comprised of two factors viz. factor A: Five levels of cowdung, i) C0= Control (No cowdung), C1= 25% less cowdung of recommended dose, C2 = Recommended dose of cowdung, C3 = 25% higher cowdung of recommended dose and C4 = 50% higher cowdung of recommended dose, and factor B:  four levels of water deficit at, i) D0 = Control (No water deficit), D1= Crown root initiation stage (20-19 DAS), D2 = Booting stage (45-54 DAS) and D3= An thesis stage (55-64 DAS). The experiment was laid out in a Factorial R and omized Complete Block Design with three replications. The test crop variety was BARI Gom28. The result reveled that cowdung level had positive impact on yield of wheat under water deficit condition, and 50% higher cowdung of recommended dose (C4) gave the highest grain yield (5.12g plant-1). The particular treatment also produced the highest number of effective tillers plant-1 (5.25), spike length (10.39 cm), spikelet spike-1 (15.72), grains spike-1 (32.56), grains spikelet-1 (2.07) and 1000-grain weight (47.32 g) of wheat. The treatment C3 (25% higher cowdung of recommended dose) also gave statistically similar yield with C4 treatment. In respect of water deficit imposition treatments, grain yield was found the highest in control treatment which was statistically similar with water deficit imposition at booting stage treatment (D2). These two treatments also showed the higher and similar number of effective tillers plant-1 (4.86 and 4.58), spike length (10.53cm and 10.11cm), spikelets spike-1(15.50 and 15.19), grains spike-1 (34.10 and 30.17), grains spikelet-1 (2.20 and 1.98) and 1000-grain weight (45.42g and 45.36g, respectively). Regarding the interaction of levels of cowdung and water deficit imposition at different stages of plant growth, C4D0 and C3D0 were highest yielder which was attributed to higher 1000-seed weight, number of effective tillers plant-1, spikelets spike-1 and grains spike-1. Contrary, 25% higher cowdung than recommended dose (as it saved 25% cowdung) seems promising to overcome yield loss due to water deficit imposition at booting stage of wheat (D2). However, application of cowdung (12.5 t ha-1) was found effective to combat water deficit at booting stage (D2) of wheat compared to other growth stages.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 93-100
Growth and Yield of Wheat as Influenced by Micronutrients Under Water Deficit Condition
Authors: Tithi MA , Mannan MA , Khan MAR , Rahman MM
Published: September 2021

Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. In order to evaluate the effects of Zn and Fe micronutrients on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety BARI Gom 29, a pot experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during November 2018 to March 2019. Two water regimes i.e. control (80% of field capacity) and drought (40% of field capacity) were maintained throughout the growing season. Micronutrients Zn and Fe viz. i) ZnSO4.7H2O and Fe3SO4.7H2O @22 kgha-1were applied in soil before sowing; ii) ZnSO4.7H2O solution and Fe3SO4.7H2O solution @ 5% of each were applied as foliar spray at flowering stage following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The results indicated that drought stress affected negatively wheat growth such as plant height, fresh weight of leaf, stem, root and total weight of plant as well as yield. Zn and Fe mitigate the drought effects in wheat which ultimately improve the growth and the yield. Among the micronutrients, Fe (Fe3SO4.7H2O) was found more effective when it was applied as foliar spray @ 5% solution for increasing the growth and yield of wheat under water deficit stress condition.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 119-128
Foliar Application of Boron and Irrigation Levels on the Performance of Lentil
Authors: Paul S , Sarker SC , Roy TS , Chakraborty R , Roy M , Islam MA
Published: September 2021

The experiment was conducted to study the response of lentil to irrigation levels and different methods of boron application in relation to yield and yield contributing characters. Three levels of irrigation viz., I0: control (No irrigation), I1: one irrigation at 25 days after sowing (DAS), I2: two irrigations at 25 DAS and 40 DAS, and four levels of Boron viz., B0: control (No boron), B1: 80% recommended dose (RD) as basal + rest 20% as a foliar spray (FS) at pre-flowering (PF), B2: 60% RD as basal + rest 40% as FS at PF, B3: 40% RD as basal + rest 60% as FS at PF as treatment variables. It was found that the highest number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, 1000-seed weight, pod length, seed yield and stover yield was obtained with two irrigations. In contrast, B3 had a significant effect on the yield contributing characters of lentil. Results also revealed that numerically more seed yield (638.23 kg ha-1) was recorded in I2B3. Similar trend was found in case of stover yield (751.26 kg ha-1) and biological yield (1389.4 kg ha-1) from I2B3 combinations. These results suggested that combined application of irrigation at 25 and 40 DAS and boron at 40% RD as basal + rest 60% as FS at PF significantly enhanced the crop yields of lentil.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 129-138
Challenges in managing an emergency and trauma ICU during COVID-19 pandemic: Perspective from a tertiary care centre in western Uttar Pradesh (India).
Authors: Amir Syed Hasan , Zafar Lubna , Siddiqui Obaid Ahmad , Nasreen Farah
Published: September 2021

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (now named COVID-19) was identified as a causative agent for a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China.1 Till March 2020, India was one among 50 countries which identified patients tested positive for COVID-19.2 One day curfew was imposed in the country on March 22, 2020 to forewarn the people about the danger the country was going to face. The government of India announced a nationwide lockdown for 21 days from March 25, 2020 with subsequent second, third and fourth lockdowns. This was done to reduce the transmission of disease and flatten the curve. The preparations to manage COVID-19 pandemic crisis began in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital Aligarh, a tertiary care centre in western Uttar Pradesh by 15th of March 2020. In April 2020, it was declared as Level 2 COVID care hospital to deal with complicated and critical cases. The establishment of flu clinic, exclusive COVID-19 isolation ward, teleconsultation and widespread screening of patients by Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) were some measures undertaken to deal with the crisis. The increased burden of patients presenting with bronchopneumonia necessitated augmentation of the existent infrastructure and better utilization of resources. Emergency and trauma centre, JNMCH, AMU Aligarh was also no exception and reorganising emergency trauma ICU as COVID-19 suspect ICU made the functioning of the entire hospital a lot smoother during this unsustainable crisis situation. However, there were several challenges to overcome while designating an emergency and trauma ICU as COVID-19 suspect ICU. There is ample amount of literature available discussing the strategies for preparing a dedicated COVID ICU, however there is relative scarcity of literature on the challenges in managing an emergency and trauma ICU (ETC – ICU) during the pandemic. In this review, we discuss the strategies and planning for converting an emergency and trauma ICU into a COVID suspect ICU in a tertiary care centre in western Uttar Pradesh (India) during the pandemic and the challenges faced.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.26-31
An analysis of parents’ perceived stress and the parent-child relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tarsuslu Bedia , Sahin Ayse , Durat Gulgun , Arikan Duygu
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The measures taken by governments to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have changed millions of people’s daily lives. This study analyzes parents’ perceived stress and parent–child relationship while staying home due to lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The sample for this descriptive and cross-sectional study comprised 521 parents with children aged 4–18 years. Data were collected online using a Personal Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), and Child Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) between 2 and 27 April 2020 in Turkey.
Findings: The mean age of the study participants was 38.98±6.578 years, and 53.2% of participants were female. The parents’ mean PSS-4 and CPRS scores were 8.45±2.37 and 53.62±11.71, respectively. Of the parents, 44.0% stated that the days spent in the “Staying Home” period strengthened their relationships with their children, and 56.4% thought that it had provided them with the opportunity to take better care of their child. Mothers’ mean CPRS conflict scores were significantly higher than those of the fathers, and a negative relationship was found between the PSS-4 and CPRS positive-relationship sub-dimensions.
Conclusion: Psychosocially supporting interventions should be planned for parents, especially mothers, who hold the most responsibility concerning housework and childcare during situations affecting the life adversely.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.97-107
COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in the context of public health laws and policies
Authors: Nomani MZM , Parveen Rehana
Published: September 2021

Background: The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP), 2004 addresses disaster preparedness, disease surveillance, disease data to respond to epidemics. The 12th Five Year Plan envisages disease surveillance for district-level laboratories and epidemic-centric diagnostic centers in consultation with the National Informatics Centers (NIC) and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
Objectives: These health policies need a critical appraisal in the COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in India’s system. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) pandemic cum disaster mitigation strategy analysed from risk mitigation to public health emergency in disaster management. The three-tier network labs and diagnostic centers, disease surveillance and disaster preparedness examined critically in the context of Disaster Management Act (DMA), 2005.
Methodology: The methodology of the study derives from European disaster management response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) India Chapter and National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) disaster management strategies utilized as model for the epidemic and pandemic control. The SIR epidemiological model for the COVID-19 mortality applied in the emergency paradigm of health care system in COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in India revolves around the Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 and Epidemic Diseases Act (EDA), 1897 Disaster Management Act (DMA), 2005, and Epidemic Diseases (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020. The sordid and wise experiences for the Disaster Management and COVID-19 pandemic culminate into 5 Ps Disaster Management adopted by India.5 It spells out the proof of concept with social experiment, proactive approach, people management, partnership, preparation, and collaboration.
Conclusion: The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) assumes a pivotal role in controlling the infection and spread of the COVID-19 pandemic under the WHO Guideline of the disaster management cycle having a multi-component approach. The COVID-19 pandemic and disaster preparedness in India’s health system moved from risk mitigation to public health emergency in disaster management.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.41-48
Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on mental health of medical students in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Hassnain Shamaila , Ahmad Adila , Qayyum Muhammad Saad , Farrukh Muhammad Gulraiz , Nawaz Usama Ahsan , Ahmad Hadifa
Published: September 2021

Objective: The objective isto assess the effects of lockdown on mental health of medical students of a Private medical college in Lahore.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study has been conducted to assess the mental health status of medical students during lockdown using the designed scale DASS 21. The reliability of scale was tested using Cronbach alpha. The scale is based on 3 sub-scales used to measure depression, anxiety and stress. A sample of size 230 students from different years of MBBS is used. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0
Results & Discussion:The proportion of females participated in study was comparatively higher. The females were observed as more depressive. As observed 62.6% of medical students suffered from mild to very severe depression during the lockdown period.Anxiety was observed among 52% of the students. More than half dealt with various levels of anxiety and faced stress.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has caused extensive distress in the lives and mental health of millions of medical students. The findings of this study indicate that depression, anxiety and stress are common morbidities amongst medical students, particularly those in their clinical training years.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.125-130
Catastrophic COVID-19 Second Wave in Aligarh: Lessons learnt
Authors: Rahman Syed Ziaur , Khan Saif , Shujauddin -
Published: September 2021

The second wave of COVID-19 in India showed its devastated effect mainly in April-May 2021 and crumbled the whole health care infrastructure. Demand for medical oxygen was higher during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to the first spell. Three states viz Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi were more severely affected. Aligarh, a small district of around 1.8 million population lies in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP). The district is famous as ‘Oxford of the East’ due to large number of intellectuals and teachers living and working at Aligarh Muslim University, was obviously not left unsaved in this second wave. The present paper discussed the catastrophic effect of COVID-19 second wave in Aligarh, the possible reasons behind it, preparation for the anticipated third wave and lessons learnt from the past experience.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.140-143
Correlation between Topographic Progression of Geographic Atrophy and Visual Acuity Changes
Authors: You Jong In , Kim Do Gyun , Yu Seung-Young , Kim Eung Suk , Kim Kiyoung
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To analyze topographic progression of geographic atrophy with different concentric circles centered on the fovea in correlation with decrease of visual acuity.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 36 eyes of 26 patients diagnosed with geographic atrophy and followed at least 1 year. One millimeter circular area at the foveal center were defined as zone 1, and doughnut shape areas from between 1 and 2 mm to between 5 and 6 mm were defined as zone 2 to 6. Then, changes of geographic atrophy area in each zone were measured with semi-automatic software. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship between changes in visual acuity and atrophic area in each zone.Results: Mean age was 76.9 years and follow-up period were 3.38 years. The mean atrophic area increased from 8.09 to 16.34 mm2 and visual acuity decreased from 0.39 to 0.69 on logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution. Mean change of total geographic atrophy area was not significantly correlated with visual acuity decrease. While geographic atrophy progression within zone 1, 2, and 3 showed significant causal relationship with decrease of visual acuity (all, p < 0.05).Conclusions: In contrast to the total geographic atrophy area, progression of geographic atrophy in parafoveal area was significantly correlated with decrease of visual acuity.
The Intraoperative Corneal Pachymetry Changes during Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking in Progressive Keratoconus Patients with Thin Corneas
Authors: Ocak Serap Yurttaşer , Mangan Mehmet Serhat , Elçioğlu Mustafa Nuri
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To report the intraoperative corneal pachymetry changes during accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL) in progressive keratoconus patients with thin corneas.Methods: Thirty-six eyes (mean age, 22.26 ± 4.02 years) with progressive keratoconic thin corneas (<400 μm without epithelium) who underwent A-CXL with ultraviolet (UV)-A (UVA) (9 mW/cm2) using isotonic riboflavin5-phosphate 0.1% with 1.1% hydroxypropyl methycellulose (RF-HPMC, MedioCROSS M) were included in this retrospective study. Intraoperative corneal pachymetric changes were noted before the procedure, after removal of epithelium, after RF-HPMC instillation, before and after UV irradiation. The mean of corneal pachymetric values were compared statistically.Results: The mean corneal pachymetry reduced from 415.72 ± 29.66 to 369.50 ± 23.45 μm after removal of the epithelium (p < 0.05). After the application of RF-HPMC solution the mean thinnest corneal pachymetry (TCP) increased to 412.89 ± 26.94 μm. Statistically significant increase was observed in TCP after saturation with RF-HPMC (p = 0.001). The mean corneal pachymetry before and after UVA irradiation was 419.86 ± 10.41 and 417.47 ± 8.25 μm, respectively (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Isotonic RF-HPMC lead to a significant increase in intraoperative mean TCP. RF-HPMC seems to be a favorable riboflavin option in keratoconus patients with thin corneas.
The outcome of endometrial ablation at Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital between 2001-2016
Authors: El Gohari Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Objective: to determine the long term risk of hysterectomy following balloon endometrial ablation. Design: retrospective cohort study. Setting: A teaching university NHS hospital(Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Hospital. Methods: Patients having balloon endometrial ablation were prospectively recorded in an operating room log-book between 2001 to 2016. This logbook was used to search the pathology laboratory database (Dart and Apex) to identify patients who required a hysterectomy. Results: 796 patients underwent BEA at QEQM Hospital in Margate. The patients’ age was between 25 to 60 years. A hysterectomy was subsequently performed in 166 women (20.85%). The risk of hysterectomy was higher among the 40-50 age group. The shortest time to hysterectomy was 1 year and the longest was 10 years. Conclusion: The risk of having a hysterectomy after endometrial ablation in this study was 8.7% in the first year after the ablation and this risks drop to 3.5% in 2 years after the ablation. There was 20.85% failure rate of endometrial ablation using thermachoice, and this raise the question about the effectiveness of other devices which use ballon ablation like thermablate, cavaterm and librata.