bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Active Chlorine Production in a Filter-Press Type Electrochemical Reactor through Continuum Modelling and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Miranda-Alcántara Berenice , Bonola Beatriz , Vazquez-Arenas Jorge , Rivera Fernando
Published: April 2024

This study proposes a methodology to optimize the design of an electrochemical flow-by reactor to increase the active chlorine production. The performances of various reactor configurations were evaluated using Computational Fluid Dynamics, starting from the dimensions of the well-known FM01-LC reactor channel (B = 4 cm, L = 16 cm, and S = 1 cm), increasing or decreasing each component by 25%. These conditions were calculated using a Box-Behnken design of experiments, screening out the above dimensions as parameters in addition to the volumetric flow, which was operated at two different rates: 1 and 5 l min−1. A surface response methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize the response variables, and determine the best design parameters. The combined computational study herein proposed suggests that the optimization of the flow electrochemical reactor design is a compromise between the flow uniform distribution, and mass transfer. It is found that the optimization method used is adequate at the experimental level, since the optimized channel (0.01 M) presents better performance than the conventional FM01-LC channel (0.002 M), after 60 min of experimental electrolysis. It is expected the current analysis will contribute to the development of new filter-press-type electrochemical reactors optimizing chlorine production for numerous applications.
Influence of NaOH Concentration on Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Electrical Characterization of Perovskite Sodium Bismuth Titanate Prepared by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Nahedh Husam , Salman Odai N. , Ismail Mukhlis M.
Published: April 2024

The hydrothermal method successfully prepares a lead-free sodium bismuth titanate (NBT) perovskite film. The prepared films were studied structurally, and morphologically using X-ray diffraction, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. Varying the concentration of NaOH showed a noticeable effect on the properties studied. Good crystallization of NBT perovskite films without impurities was obtained at 18 and 20 M concentrations, where the crystalline size was 14 nm according to the Scherer equation. Also, when varying the concentration of NaOH, a similar film thickness was obtained through a cross-section of the FESEM images. It was observed that there was a difference in the intensity of the peaks of the photoluminescence spectra of the prepared films with a change in the concentration of NaOH, which confirms a change in the concentration of oxygen vacancies. The activation energy of the prepared films was deduced from the Arrhenius plot, as it showed small values in the films prepared with a low concentration of NaOH. The results showed that the maximum value of mobility of NBT films was at 20 M of NaOH concentration through the Hall Effect.
Fate of Sniff-the-Diseases Through Nanomaterials-Supported Optical Biochip Sensors
Authors: Taha Bakr Ahmed , Chaudhary Vishal , Rustagi Sarvesh , Sonu  , Singh Pardeep
Published: April 2024

Early diagnosis through noninvasive tools is a cornerstone in the realm of personalized and medical healthcare, averting direct/indirect infection transmission and directly influencing treatment outcomes and patient survival rates. In this context, optical biochip breathomic sensors integrated with nanomaterials, microfluidics, and artificial intelligence exhibit the potential to design next-generation intelligent diagnostics. This cutting-edge tool offers a variety of advantages, including being economical, compact, smart, point of care, highly sensitive, and noninvasive. This makes it an ideal avenue for screening, diagnosing, and prognosing various high-risk diseases/disorders by detecting the associated breath biomarkers. The underlying detection mechanism relies on the interaction of breath biomarkers with sensors, which causes modulations in fundamental optical attributes, such as surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence, reflectance, absorption, emission, phosphorescence, and refractive index. Despite these remarkable attributes, the commercial development of optical biochip breathomic sensors faces challenges, such as insufficient support from clinical trials, concerns about cross-sensitivity, challenges related to production scalability, validation issues, regulatory compliance, and contrasts with conventional diagnostics. This perspective article sheds light on the cutting-edge state of optical breathomic biochip sensors for disease diagnosis, addresses associated challenges, proposes alternative solutions, and explores future avenues to revolutionize personalized and medical healthcare diagnostics.
Rational Design of a Graphene Oxide–Coated Separator for Thermally and Mechanically Stable Li Metal Anode
Authors: Lim HeeYoung , Na Han Na , Jung Eun Jung , Ahn Wook , Park Jong Bae , Hong John , Lee Young-Woo
Published: April 2024

Lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) batteries are widely used in high‐performance energy storage applications because of their high energy density. However, safety concerns related to thermal runaway remain a significant challenge for Li‐ion batteries. Electrolyte leakage and dendrite formation can trigger thermal runaway, and these factors typically damage traditional polyethylene (PE) separators. Consequently, these separators struggle under extreme conditions and fail to control dendrite growth. In this study, we proposed a solution by coating PE separators with graphene oxide (GO) layers. GO, as a ceramic material, provides superior thermal and mechanical stability compared with polymers. Moreover, GO‐coated PE separators (GO‐S) do not compromise the advantages of PE separators and effectively manage dendrite growth. In this study, the as‐prepared GO‐S exhibits excellent electrochemical properties in terms of high ionic conductivity, suppression of Li dendrite growth during charge/discharge process, and long‐term cyclability for 7,000 h (3,500 cycles) as well as high thermal stability even after heat treatment of 100°C. Thus, we expect that this research can highlight the potential application of functionalized GO sheets in addressing the thermal and mechanical limitations of polymer‐based separators, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of Li‐ion batteries.
Prediction of the Potential Host of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus by the Least Common Amino Acid Pattern in SLAM Receptor
Authors: Fan Xin , Kannan Villalan Arivizhivendhan , Hu YeZhi , Wu XiaoDong , Wang HaoNing , Wang XiaoLong
Published: April 2024

Peste-des-Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) causes a highly contagious and severe infectious disease known as Peste-des-Petits Ruminants (PPR), resulting in significant mortality in both domestic and wild ruminants. An in‐depth understanding of the molecular relationship between PPRV and susceptible hosts is essential for the prevention of PPR. The signaling lymphocytic‐activation molecule (SLAM) acts as a key receptor in susceptible host species, mediating interactions with PPRV and triggering PPR in ruminants. This study offers an in‐depth analysis of PPRV‐susceptible host species as well as the identified SLAM amino acid sequences to date. Investigation reveals that nine families—Bovidae, Camelidae, Cervidae, Elephantidae, Suidae, Felidae, Canidae, Muridae, and Ceratopogonidae—have been affected by PPRV infection. Furthermore, a bioinformatics‐based approach was proposed to screen the least common amino acid patterns (LCAP) in important SLAM receptor regions of known PPRV‐susceptible species. Research findings reveal that 14 least common amino acid sites (LCAS) in SLAM amino acid sequences (I61, I63, S60, S70, K76, K78, I79, S81, L82, E123, N125, S127, V128, and F131) exhibit a prevalent similarity to LCAP across all known susceptible species. Comparative analysis of these 14 LCAP with SLAM nucleotide sequences from unknown susceptible ruminants to identify species at heightened risk of PPRV. In the result, 48 species from 20 different families across six orders were at potential risk of being infected with PPRV. This exploration suggests the feasibility of assessing potential hosts at high risk of PPRV infection through the LCAS screening technique. Moreover, it offers a means to anticipate and issue warnings regarding the likelihood of interspecies transmission. In conclusion, this study integrates molecular biology and bioinformatics, shedding light on PPRV infection dynamics and paving the way for predictive strategies to prevent the spread of this devastating disease among ruminant populations.
Aucubin Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation and Facilitates Bone Formation through the lncRNA‐H19 Driven Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Regulatory Axis
Authors: Mai Yong-xin , Li Zhi-peng , Pang Feng-xiang , Zhou Shu-ting , Li Nan , Wang Yu-yan , Zhang Jin-fang
Published: April 2024

Objectives. Traditional Chinese medicine Cortex Eucommiae has been used to treat bone fracture for hundreds of years, which exerts a significant improvement in fracture healing. Aucubin, a derivative isolated from Cortex Eucommiae, has been demonstrated to possess anti‐inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antioxidative potential. In the present study, our aim was to explore its function in bone regeneration and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods. The effects of Aucubin on osteoblast and osteoclast were examined in mouse bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) and RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. Moreover, the lncRNA H19 and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling were detected by qPCR examination, western blotting, and luciferase activity assays. Using the femur fracture mice model, the in vivo effect of Aucubin on bone formation was monitored by X‐ray, micro‐CT, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry staining. Results. In the present study, Aucubin was found to significantly promote osteogenic differentiation in vitro and stimulated bone formation in vivo. Regarding to the underlying mechanism, H19 was found to be obviously upregulated by Aucubin in MSCs and thus induced the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Moreover, H19 knockdown partially reversed the Aucubin‐induced osteogenic differentiation and successfully suppressed the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. We therefore suggested that Aucubin induced the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling through promoting H19 expression. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that Aucubin promoted osteogenesis in vitro and facilitated fracture healing in vivo through the H19‐Wnt/β‐catenin regulatory axis.
A Novel Design and Analysis Adaptive Hybrid ANFIS MPPT Controller for PEMFC-Fed EV Systems
Authors: Touti Ezzeddine , Aoudia Mouloud , Hussaian Basha C. H. , Alrougy Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Now, the present electric vehicle industry is focusing on the fuel cell technology because its features are high flexibility, continuous power supply, less atmospheric pollution, fast startup, and rapid response. However, the fuel cell gives nonlinear power versus current characteristics. Due to this nonlinear behavior, the maximum power extraction from the fuel stack is quite difficult. So, in this work, an adaptive genetic algorithm with an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ACS with ANFIS) MPPT controller is introduced for finding the MPP of the fuel stack system thereby extracting the peak power from the fuel stack. The proposed hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is compared with the other MPPT controllers which are enhanced incremental conductance-fuzzy logic controller (EIC with FLC), improved hill climb with fuzzy logic controller (IHC with FLC), adaptive beta with FLC, enhanced differential evolutionary with FLC (EDE with FLC), and marine predators optimization with FLC (MPO with FLC). Here, these hybrid controllers’ comprehensive investigations have been carried out in terms of tracking speed of the MPP, oscillations across the MPP, settling time of the converter voltage, maximum power extraction from the fuel stack, and working efficiency of the MPPT controller. The fuel stack generates a very low output voltage which is improved by using the boost DC-DC converter, and the overall fuel stack-fed boost converter system is designed by utilizing the MATLAB/Simulink tool. From the simulation results, the AGA with ANFIS MPPT controller gives high MPP tracking efficiency when compared to the other hybrid controller.
Enlightening Stakeholders on the COVID‐19 Pandemic Impacts and Preparation for Minimizing Future Pandemics’ Negative Effects on Occupational Therapists
Authors: Awuah Lawrencia , Awuviry-Newton Kofi , Armah Dorinda , Abekah-Carter Kwamina , Oppong Nkansah Jacob
Published: April 2024

The COVID‐19 pandemic has affected all aspects of professional disciplines including occupational therapy; however, little is known about how much of an impact the COVID‐19 pandemic affected occupational therapy practice in Ghana. This study examined the impacts, coping strategies, and COVID‐19 pandemic lessons for occupational therapy practices in the future. A descriptive qualitative design was employed with a purposive and convenience sampling methods to recruit occupational therapists from four practice settings in Ghana. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with seven participants. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Four major themes were identified from the analysis enlightening stakeholders on the impact and preparation for minimizing the impact of future pandemics on the workloads of an occupational therapist. The major themes are (1) impacts of the COVID‐19 on occupational therapy practice and practitioners; (2) aspects or domains of work significantly affected by the pandemic; (3) the existing strategies employed to handle the challenges; and (4) strategies to minimize these challenges in the future. The current study has enlightened stakeholders on the need to make alternate preparations including telehealth, continuous support for telehealth infrastructures, training of practitioners, and research to adapt intervention strategies effectively.
High Perceived Stress Predicts Worse Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Gao Yifan , Chen Yanming , Hu Rong , Tian Cui , Zhang Yingyue , Wei Yanyan , Shi Yajun , Xu Yong , Ma Jing
Published: April 2024

Background. High stress is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the impact of perceived stress on prognosis with stable CHD remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of high perceived stress (HPS) on cardiovascular events in stable CHD patients. Methods. From March 2015 and December 2020, 2215 stable CHD patients were recruited. The Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (CPSS) was used, with follow-up conducted every 6 months until the occurrence of a cardiovascular event or March 31, 2022. Cardiovascular-related events were used as outcomes, including myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization, stroke, death, or rehospitalization from angina. Patients were divided into HPS (CPSS≥31) and nonhigh perceived stress (NHPS) groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted, and the log-rank test compared the incidence of adverse events after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical information. Results. The recruited CHD population was 59.6 years old on average, 79.6% male, 27.2 points average CPSS, and median follow-up of 47 months. There were 523 HPS patients, with 98 (18.7%) cardiovascular events, and 1692 NHPS patients with 239 (14.1%) cardiovascular events. The log-rank analysis showed that risk of cardiovascular events with HPS was higher than NHPS (P=0.012). After adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical information, the HPS group had significantly increased risk of events within 24 months (HR 1.369, 95% CI 1.037-1.807, P=0.027), but less impact after 24 months. Conclusions. HPS predicts subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with stable CHD within 24 months. Therefore, more attention should be given to CHD patients with HPS, which may improve clinical prognosis.
Efficient Dynamic Performance Prediction of Railway Bridges Situated on Small‐Radius Reverse Curves
Authors: Song Yumin , Hu Bin , Meng Xiaoliang
Published: April 2024

Bridges situated on small‐radius reverse curves play a pivotal role within some railway networks, exerting influence over project‐wide design progress. Typically, assessing the safety of bridge design parameters necessitates laborious vehicle‐bridge dynamic coupling vibration numerical analysis or model experiments. To streamline the design process and enhance efficiency during the preliminary design phase, we propose an efficient method to assess the dynamic performance of bridges on small‐radius reverse curves. This approach enables direct prediction of bridge dynamic performance based on design parameters, eliminating the need for numerical simulations and model experiments. We first develop a vehicle‐bridge coupling vibration program grounded in train‐curve bridge coupling vibration theory, validated using on‐site measured data. Subsequently, through numerical simulation experiments, we evaluate 80 simply supported beam bridges on small‐radius reverse curves under various operating conditions, generating ample dynamic response data for bridge pier tops and girders. These data are then compared with regulatory thresholds to assign dynamic performance labels. After identifying essential design parameters as data features using Fisher scores, we proceed to input these features into a support vector machine (SVM). Through supervised training with dynamic performance labels, this process empowers the SVM model to predict the dynamic performance of the bridge. Our results demonstrate that this method circumvents the need for detailed vehicle‐bridge interaction analysis, yielding an impressive 86.9% accuracy in predicting dynamic performance and significantly boosting computational efficiency. Besides, the top five design parameters that significantly influence the prediction of bridge dynamic performance are obtained. This novel approach has the potential to expedite design assessments and enhance safety in railway bridge construction.
Comparative Neuroprotective Effects of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil and Aqueous Extract on Cognitive Functions on a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet Mice: Focus on Senescence Markers
Authors: Arozal Wawaimuli , Safutra Muhamad Sadam , Barinda Agian Jeffilano , Hardi Harri , Dwita Nounik Cheri , Lee Hee J.
Published: April 2024

Several studies have demonstrated that Moringa oleifera (MO) has different pharmacological properties, including neuroprotective effects. However, the role of MO in preventing brain impairment in high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFFD) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MO leaves aqueous extract (MOE) and moringa seed oil (MOO) against brain impairment in mice with HFFD. Twenty-eight male mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal diet, HFFD, HFFD + MOE 500 mg/kgBW, and HFFD + MOO 2 mL/kgBW. Cognitive function was assessed using the Y-maze and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. The p16, p21, and BDNF expressions were analyzed using the RT-PCR method. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining in the brain was also performed. The results showed that administration of MOE or MOO could increase the percentage of alternation and recognition of new objects, prevent the increase of p16 and p21 expression, and ameliorate SA-β-Gal activity in the brain. MOO, but not MOE, increased BDNF expression in senescence brains isolated from HFFD mice. The findings indicate that MOO and MOE possess neuroprotective properties, with MOO demonstrating a greater ability to inhibit the brain senescence process compared to MOE.
Enhancing Awareness of Physical Activity Guidelines among Saudi College Students: The 150 Minutes Program
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed
Published: April 2024

Objective. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the “150 Minutes Program” in increasing awareness and fostering positive behavior changes regarding recommended physical activity guidelines among Saudi college students. Initiated as part of the national “Sports for All Challenge,” this program targets college students to improve their understanding of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ physical activity guidelines. Methods. Engaging over 250 Saudi college students from 17 student groups across the United States, the program employs two intervention strategies: a general awareness campaign and the application of physical activity guidelines tailored to the Saudi student community. The study assesses the program’s impact through pre-/post-surveys, evaluating changes in participants’ awareness levels and physical activity behaviors. Results. A total of 110 participants completed either the presurvey (n = 35) or postsurvey (n = 75). Results indicate a significant rise in participants’ awareness of recommended physical activity guidelines, increasing from an initial 4% to 22.9%. Postprogram surveys reveal positive shifts in physical activity behaviors, with 51.4% of participants meeting adult physical activity guidelines, compared to 40% before the program. The average physical activity levels also demonstrated an increase. Conclusion. The 150 Minutes Program proves effective not only in enhancing awareness but also in instigating positive physical activity behavior changes among Saudi college students. The study contributes valuable insights to the evolving landscape of physical activity interventions within college populations, emphasizing the need for targeted programs, and collaborations with student organizations to ensure sustained impact and scalability.
Treatment of Gingival Recession and Root Coverage Outcomes Using Fascia Lata Allograft: A Case Report with Two Years of Follow‐Up
Authors: Correia Fatima Liliana De Freitas , Yáñez-Ocampo Beatriz Raquel , Chirino Cesar Augusto Esquivel , Ruiz Daniela Carmona , Montes-Sánchez Delina
Published: April 2024

Mucogingival surgery is a procedure for the treatment of gingival recession, which is a shift of marginal gingival tissue to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), exposing the surface of the root teeth. One treatment for gingival recession is the Langer and Langer bilaminar technique, which involves the use of the fascia lata (FL) membrane. This membrane is harvested from the aponeurosis of the external muscles. The purpose of this case report was to present the clinical results of a 2‐year follow‐up using the Langer and Langer bilaminar technique modified with FL in a patient with gingival recession. Recessions are a shift of marginal gingival tissue to the CEJ, which exposes the surface of the root teeth. At the 2‐year follow‐up, the patient presented with a gingival recession in tooth 41, which resulted in complete root coverage, reaching 83.3%; the amount of keratinized tissue increased to 3 mm in each tooth, changing the gingival biotype from thin to thick and scalloped. This case report supports the use of FL as a successful alternative treatment.
Epigenetic Control of Cancer Cell Dormancy and Awakening in Endocrine Therapy Resistance
Authors: Llinas-Bertran Arnau , Bellet-Ezquerra Meritxell , Seoane Jose A.
Published: April 2024

Rosano, Sofyali, Dhiman, and colleagues show that epigenetic-related changes occur in endocrine therapy (ET)-induced dormancy in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, as well as in its reawakening. Targeting these epigenetic changes blocks the entrance to dormancy and reduces the persister cancer cell population, enhancing the cytotoxic effects of ET in vitro.

See related article by Rosano et al., p. 866 (9).
LISA Eligibility and LISA Success in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Klein Ruth , Fastnacht Laura , Kribs Angela , Kuehne Benjamin , Mehler Katrin
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Less invasive surfactant application (LISA) is associated with improved short-term outcomes in preterm infants. Data on LISA eligibility and success for infants <28 weeks of gestation are lacking. Methods: Preterm infants <28 weeks of gestation who were born and actively treated in our tertiary care center in 2018 were included in the retrospective study. We assessed baseline characteristics, delivery room (DR) management, LISA success and complications, and short-term outcome. Results: In total, 57 infants received LISA in the DR. LISA eligibility was 73% at 22 weeks, 88% at 23 weeks, and >90% at gestational ages >24 weeks. LISA was successful in 63% of infants. LISA failure was associated with increased risk for high-grade IVH (OR 17.88), death (OR 10.94), and a reduced chance for survival without complications (OR 8.75). Conclusion: Our report justifies LISA as a mode for surfactant application in preterm infants. It contributes to the call for studies to define risk factors for LISA failure.
Diagnostic Accuracy of a Combination of Preoperative 68-Ga Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Simsek Alper , Celen Sinan , Duran Mesut Berkan , Kucuker Kursat , Yagci Ahmet Baki , Sen Turk Nilay , Yuksel Dogangun , Turan Tahir
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common and leading course of cancer-related death in men. Although there are studies on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MpMRI) with good diagnostic results in detecting clinically significant PCa, new methods have been investigated due to the low positive predictive values. In this context, prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) emerges as an alternative imaging method to MpMRI. This study aimed to compare 68Ga PSMA I&T-PET/CT and MpMRI in determining tumor location. Methods: Preoperative MpMRI and 68Ga PSMA I&T-PET/CT scans and pathology specimens of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for PCa at our clinic between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. PSMA I&T-PET/CT, MpMRI, combined imaging were compared for tumor localization according to histopathological data. Results: In terms of tumor localization, MpMRI demonstrated overall accuracy rates of 75.9% (p kappa [κ] 0.0001* [0.525]). 68Ga PSMA I&T-PET/CT showed 71.5% (p κ 0.0001* [0.438]). For the combined imaging approach, the overall accuracy rate was calculated as 79.2% (p κ 0.0001* [0.576]). Additionally, high diagnostic accuracy was achieved for the combined imaging approach, particularly in the intermediate ISUP group. Moreover, SUVmax was calculated as 6.37. Conclusion: The combined use of 68Ga PSMA I&T-PET/CT and MpMRI has high diagnostic rates. However, the high cost is a significant disadvantage that limits their routine combined use.
Components of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test Associated with the Exacerbation of Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients
Authors: Kim Na Young , Han Junhee , Hwang Yong Il , Park Yong Bum , Park Seoung Ju , Park Jimyung , Jung Ki-Suck , Yoo Kwang Ha , Lee Jin Hwa , Lee Chang Youl
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) score is widely used for evaluating the health status of patients diagnosed with COPD. The aim of this study was to identify which components of the CAT are associated with exacerbations in severe COPD patients. Methods: Using data from the Korean COPD Subgroup Study (KOCOSS), we identified 3,440 COPD patients, among which 1,027 patients are classified as having severe COPD based on spirometry results. The CAT scores on 8 items were evaluated and classified into respiratory and non-respiratory categories. We analyzed the association between CAT item scores and moderate-to-severe exacerbations during study enrollment and the following years. Results: Patients with a history of moderate-to-severe exacerbations had higher scores on non-respiratory CAT components. Longitudinal CAT scores on all items after enrollment were higher in the moderate-to-severe exacerbation group. Additionally, the frequency of severe exacerbations was associated with specific CAT components related to limited activities, confidence leaving home, sleeplessness, and energy. Conclusions: This study revealed that the non-respiratory CAT component scores were statistically significant factors for predicting the moderate-to-severe exacerbation of severe COPD patients. Non-respiratory symptoms and functional limitations should be considered in patients with severe COPD. Interventions, such as pulmonary rehabilitation, may be needed to improve patients’ overall well-being and prevent exacerbations.
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer: Update 2024
Authors: Thill Marc , Janni Wolfgang , Albert Ute-Susann , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Bauerfeind Ingo , Blohmer Jens , Budach Wilfried , Dall Peter , Ditsch Nina , Fallenberg Eva Maria , Fasching Peter A. , Fehm Tanja , Friedrich Michael , Gerber Bernd , Gluz Oleg , Harbeck Nadia , Hartkopf Andreas , Heil Jörg , Huober Jens , Jackisch Christian , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Kreipe Hans-Heinrich , Krug David , Kühn Thorsten , Kümmel Sherko , Loibl Sibylle , Lüftner Diana , Lux Michael Patrick , Maass Nicolai , Mundhenke Christoph , Reimer Toralf , Rhiem Kerstin , Rody Achim , Schmidt Marcus , Schneeweiss Andreas , Schütz Florian , Sinn Hans-Peter , Solbach Christine , Solomayer Erich-Franz , Stickeler Elmar , Thomssen Christoph , Untch Michael , Witzel Isabell , Wöckel Achim , Würstlein Rachel , Müller Volkmar , Park-Simon Tjoung-Won
Published: April 2024

The Breast Committee of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (German Gynecological Oncology Group, AGO) presents the 2024 update of the evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer.
In vitro Comparison of the Mechanical and Optical Characteristics of 5 Disposable Flexible Ureteroscopes
Authors: Phromprathum Phirawat , Srinualnad Sittiporn , Leewansangtong Sunai , Taweemonkongsap Tawatchai , Phinthusophon Kittipong , Jitpraphai Siros , Ramart Patkawat , Woranisarakul Varat , Suk-ouichai Chalairat , Mankongsrisuk Thawatchai , Hansomwong Thitipat , Jongjitaree Kantima , Chotikawanich Ekkarin
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Disposable (single-use) flexible ureteroscopes are alternatives to reusable ureteroscopes. With their superior surgical efficacy and safety in the presence of upper urinary calculi, disposable ureteroscopes aim to overcome the main limitations of conventional reusable ureteroscopes. However, studies on the performance of the most recently developed models of single-use flexible ureteroscopes are scarce. This study aimed to compare the in vitro performance of several recently introduced, single-use, flexible ureteroscopes. Methods: Five disposable flexible ureteroscopes were tested in vitro to evaluate their mechanical and optical characteristics. To this end, their degrees of deflection, irrigation flow rates, and image qualities were investigated. The models examined were Innovex US31-B12, OTU-100RR, Redpine RP-U-C12, Sciavita SUV-2A-B, and Seplou URS3016E. Their performance was also compared with that of a reusable flexible ureteroscope, Olympus URV-F. Results: The OTU device had the highest degrees of deflection and the smallest loop diameter of the disposable ureteroscopes. The single-use ureteroscopes had identical image resolutions at a distance of 1 cm. The Innovex and Redpine devices had the best color representation. Conclusions: Of the tested disposable ureteroscopes, the OTU device had the best mechanical attributes, given its small loop diameter, high deflection angles, and low irrigation flow loss. As to their optical properties, the resolutions of all 5 single-use models were identical at an image distance of 1 cm.
Risk Factors and Temporal Patterns of Poststroke Epilepsy across Stroke Subtypes: Insights from a Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Ha Woo-Seok , Jang Kimoon , Cho Soomi , Kim Won-Joo , Chu Min Kyung , Heo Kyoung , Kim Kyung Min
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with poststroke epilepsy (PSE) among patients with different subtypes of stroke, focusing on age-related risk and time-varying effects of stroke subtypes on PSE development. Methods: A retrospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort data. Patients hospitalized with newly diagnosed stroke from 2005 to 2015 were included and followed up for up to 10 years. The primary outcome was the development of PSE, defined as having a diagnostic code and a prescription for anti-seizure medication. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate PSE hazard ratios (HRs), and time-varying effects were also assessed. Results: A total of 8,305 patients with ischemic stroke, 1,563 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 931 with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were included. During 10 years of follow-up, 4.6% of patients developed PSE. Among patients with ischemic stroke, significant risk factors for PSE were younger age (HR = 1.47), living in rural areas (HR = 1.35), admission through the emergency room (HR = 1.33), and longer duration of hospital stay (HR = 1.45). Time-varying analysis revealed elevated HRs for ICH and SAH, particularly in the first 2 years following the stroke. The age-specific HRs also showed an increased risk for those under the age of 65, with a noticeable decrease in risk beyond that age. Conclusion: The risk of developing PSE varies according to stroke subtype, age, and other demographic factors. These findings underscore the importance of tailored poststroke monitoring and management strategies to mitigate the risk of PSE.
ustiça preventiva: um novo paradigma para a redução da litigiosidade e da judicialização
Authors:   Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. São José dos Campos - SP, Silveira João José Custódio da
Published: April 2024

Interessado em iluminar fenômenos de litigiosidade e judicialização imoderadas observados em muitos países, este estudo se propõe a formular um novo paradigma para a superação do problema. Traz como premissa basilar a pesquisa sobre medidas de índole preventiva, nomeadamente aptas a impedir a eclosão de novos conflitos ou a promover filtragem na judicialização daqueles imprevisíveis. Em outras palavras, cuida de investigar expedientes acautelatórios capazes de equacionar a necessidade do tratamento terapêutico da prestação jurisdicional. Este trabalho tem entre seus principais escopos contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento da justiça estatal, devota-se-o igualmente aos muitos magistrados que foram determinantes para oportunizá-lo, nomeadamente em função de criteriosa revisão crítica dedicada ao texto. Apresenta-se, pois, como investigação sobre as adversidades da litigiosidade e do tratamento que lhe é dispensado pelos sistemas de justiça, tendo como escopo central a construção de uma nova perspectiva para o aperfeiçoamento da justiça estatal.
Caracterização da formação de terapeutas ocupacionais do Distrito Federal em relação ao campo da Educação
Authors: Lins Sarah Raquel Almeida , Monteiro Calebe Brito
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Studies point to the importance of the occupational therapists’ performance in education; however, there is a gap in knowledge about academic and complementary education in relation to this field. Objective: To understand the reality regarding the academic and complementary training of occupational therapists in Distrito Federal, Brazil, who have already carried out interventions related to the field of Education, in order to present suggestions for improving this training. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, with the participation of 40 occupational therapists from Distrito Federal, who responded to an online questionnaire. Results and discussion: During undergraduate studies, half of the participants took a specific elective discipline of the field (n=20; 29%), and/or non-specific elective discipline (n=19; 27%). This scenario raised reflections on the approach to content aimed at a broad and diverse performance.  It was verified that the participants invested more in complementary activities in the field after completing their degree (n=28; 70%), than during their degree (n=23; 57%). Therefore, the provision of these activities in initial training, the presence of professors of the field and the interest of students are discussed. Investment in content that relates to possibilities for the profession’s actions in the field of Education, especially on reasonable adaptations, suitability/adaptation of environments, materials and curricula, in addition to practices and internships, were highlighted as suggestions for improvements to the undergraduate training. Conclusion: Understanding the reality about training to work in education, based on the understanding of the academic trajectory of the occupational therapists, can contribute to reflections on the field.
Memória crítica de Sagarana
Authors: Lima Sonia van Dijck
Published: April 2024

Sagarana, depois de longo exercício de escritura, foi entregue ao público leitor em abril de 1946. Os críticos revelaram atitudes diversas diante dos contos de Guimarães Rosa, mas quase sempre procuraram realizar uma leitura orientada pelo cânone de até a primeira metade do século. Reconstituímos a memória da crítica sobre Sagarana, publicada no ano de seu aparecimento. Tomaremos, a título de exemplaridade, alguns recortes de periódicos colecionados pelo autor e que, atualmente, integram o Arquivo JGR, no IEB-USP.
Reproduzir o manuscrito, apresentar os rascunhos, estabelecer um prototexto
Authors: Beliemin-Noél Jean
Published: April 2024

Sem resumo.
Organização e caos
Authors: Henn Ronaldo
Published: April 2024

O artigo pretende uma reflexão sobre o processo de produção e inven­ção de linguagem de um ponto de vista sistêmico. Tenta-se uma aproxi­mação entre o comportamento de sistemas que se pautam pela complexi­dade organizativa, conhecidos também como caóticos ou não-lineares, como o que se verifica nos processos chamados de criação, entendidos como sistemas.
Manuscrito: dimensões
Authors: Lopez Telê Ancona
Published: April 2024

Os manuscritos da criação literária nos questionam principalmente no que diz respeito ao apriori das certezas, ao tempo fechado, pois ofere­cem a complexidade e o movimento da criação, esta que, paralelamente à materialidade do texto, à realidade do espaço da escritura, se mostra com sua inesgotável riqueza, nunca integralmente abarcada pela análise. O trabalho da crítica genética nos arquivos da criação pauta-se pela espera epeld escuta que buscam desentranhar nexos nas instâncias da escritura, captando dimensões. No processamento institucional de arquivos de es­critores é possível ultrapassar procedimentos codicológicos e a análise do­cumental puramente arquivística, montando dossiês genéticos. Exemplos serão dados no trabalho com os Manuscritos de Mário de Andrade no IEB- USP.
As marcas da leitura histórica: arte grega nos textos antigos
Authors: Meneses Ulpiano T. Bezerra de
Published: April 2024

Embora esteja centrado em textos antigos sobre a antiga Grécia (por­tanto longe da possibilidade de crítica genética ou do estudo geral de ma­nuscritos contemporâneos), este artigo procura estabelecer em contraponto algumas características do tratamento histórico de fontes textuais. São apontadas quatro possiblidades: a leitura de um texto como a leitura de uma sociedade, a construção (em última análise) de informação, a leitu­ra indiciai e a leitura dialógica.
Sobre a dor de Menelau
Authors: Moraes Marcos Antonio de
Published: April 2024

O manuscrito do poema "A Cachorra", de Prudente de Moraes Neto, oferece subsídios ao procedimento analítico, além de possibilitar a restituição do texto fidedigno. A observação das rasuras contribui para revelar elementos interpretativos. O artigo tenta demonstrar, na prática, os laços possíveis entre a hermenêutica e a crítica genética.
Memórias do cárcere: um exercício de recriação da linguagem
Authors: Nery Vanda Cunha Albieri
Published: April 2024

Os documentos de redação de Memórias do Cárcere, de Graciliano Ramos, nos deixam perceber claramente dois eixos centrais que balizam o trabalho de criação do autor: a concisão da escrita e a adição de novas ideias, processo que denomino de ficcionalização. O artigo mostra, com o auxílio de alguns exemplos, a presença desses dois grandes eixos e a constante interferência deles no processo de fabricação da obra.
Scriptor: um operador da escritura
Authors: Meirelles Teresinha
Published: April 2024

The origin of this discussion was the challenge made by Philippe Willmart (6th International Meeting of Researchers of the Manuscript — USP, 1999) to write an article about the comment I made that his concept of scriptor could function as a logic operator in the process of writing itself. This article is, therefore, the initial articulation derived from this attempt of sistematization of ideas.
Crítica genética e educação - transposições de resultados de estudos da crítica genética para o ensino de redação
Authors: Gozzo Vera Maria
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo mostrar a relevância de algumas transposições de resultados de estudos em crítica genética para 6, ensino de redação, e propor uma nova metodologia a partir de uma mudança de atitude, tanto por parte do aluno quanto por parte do professor em relação à produção escrita.
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Reporting in Medicare Claims Data: Reporting in the First 3 Years
Authors: Stein Laura K. , Ortiz Edwin , Nandwani Jaan , Dhamoon Mandip S.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Since 2016, hospitals have been able to document
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(ICD-10-CM) codes for the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). As of 2023, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services uses NIHSS as a risk adjustment variable. We assessed associations between patient- and hospital-level variables and contemporary NIHSS reporting.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 2019 acute ischemic stroke admissions using deidentified, national 100% inpatient Medicare Fee-For-Service data sets. We identified index acute ischemic stroke admissions using the ICD-10-CM code I63.x and abstracted demographic information, medical comorbidities, hospital characteristics, and NIHSS. We linked Medicare and Mount Sinai Health System (New York, NY) registry data from 2016 to 2019. We calculated NIHSS documentation at the patient and hospital levels, predictors of documentation, change over time, and concordance with local data.

RESULTS:

There were 231 383 index acute ischemic stroke admissions in 2019. NIHSS was documented in 44.4% of admissions and by 66.5% of hospitals. Hospitals that documented ≥1 NIHSS were more commonly teaching hospitals (39.0% versus 5.5%; standardized mean difference score, 0.88), stroke certified (37.2% versus 8.0%; standardized mean difference score, 0.75), higher volume (mean, 80.8 [SD, 92.6] versus 6.33 [SD, 14.1]; standardized mean difference score, 1.12), and had intensive care unit availability (84.9% versus 23.2%; standardized mean difference score, 1.57). Adjusted odds of documentation were lower for patients with inpatient mortality (odds ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.61–0.68];
P
<0.0001), in nonmetropolitan areas (odds ratio, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.40–0.61];
P
<0.0001), and male sex (odds ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.93–0.97];
P
<0.0001). NIHSS was documented for 52.9% of Medicare cases versus 93.1% of registry cases, and 74.7% of Medicare NIHSS scores equaled registry admission NIHSS.

CONCLUSIONS:

Missing ICD-10-CM NIHSS data remain widespread 3 years after the introduction of the ICD-10-CM NIHSS code, and there are systematic differences in reporting at the patient and hospital levels. These findings support continued assessment of NIHSS reporting and caution in its application to risk adjustment models.
Abstract States: Modernism in Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey
Authors: Sharpe Gemma
Published: April 2024

A decade after modernist art history's tentative embrace of postcolonial modernisms, a new crop of books are leveraging this disciplinary acceptance to examine hitherto shrouded aspects of the field. Anneka Lenssen's, Beautiful Agitation: Modern Painting and Politics in Syria (2020), Zeina Maasri's, Cosmopolitan Radicalism: The Visual Politics of Beirut's Global Sixties (2020) and Sarah-Neel Smith's, Metrics of Modernity: Art and Development in Postwar Turkey, (2022) offer candid appraisals of postcolonial modernism's exposure to colonial and nationalist institutions, Cold War cultural networks, and the hierarchical effects of canonical modernism. Reviewed together in this article, these books reveal the distinctive orientations of modernism in contiguous Syria, Lebanon and Turkey along with the methodological value of formalist methods to assert artistic agency. Through refractive readings of artworks and other materials, Lenssen, Maasri and Smith invert disciplinary anxieties about postcolonial art's political subjection, making a case for postcolonial art's perceptiveness to the instability and abstraction of the institutional forces to which they are subject.
Erratum: RYOHEI OKADA (2024) A review of Agnoshydrus Biström, Nilsson & Wewalka, 1997 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hyphydrini), with descriptions of two new species from Thailand. Zootaxa, 5428 (3): 440–448.
Authors: OKADA RYOHEI
Published: April 2024

N/A
On the identity of Opopaea euphorbicola Strand, 1909 and first records of three other non-native goblin spiders from Ascension Island (Araneae: Oonopidae)
Authors: SHERWOOD DANNIELLA , DUNLOP JASON , SHARP ADAM
Published: April 2024

N/A
6. Mutrah Old Market, Oman
Authors: Amer Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Mohamed Amer examines the tangible and intangible heritage characteristics of the traditional market of Mutrah in Oman’s capital city of Muscat. He assesses its interactive historic, architectural, urban, social, economic and cultural values alongside their managerial features, in order to identify practical measures for the enhancement of this living cultural heritage, the effective preservation of Omani cultural identity, avenues for local socio-economic empowerment and sustainable cultural tourism. Here, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analyses brought to light the internal and external factors that are favourable to achieving these objectives.
11. (Identity) Politics and the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Fatma Mataracı Aliye
Published: April 2024

Aliye Fatma Mataracı analyses the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo and discusses the major challenges of preserving tangible and intangible heritage in war and post-war periods. She raises the difficulties of safeguarding and renovating the museum as a built heritage asset on the one hand, and of protecting and maintaining its collections as cultural heritage on the other. Particular attention is also given to the term ‘national’ and its usage in the English title of the museum, in reference to the former Austro-Hungarian and local appellations of the museum. This heritage site has been exposed to different political, social, economic and religious contexts. However, it promotes the expression and representation of the cultural heritage of people from Bosnia and Herzegovina and offers an alternative for the preservation and maintenance of the country’s ethno-religious identities and cultures.