bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of Bronchoscopic Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia
Authors: Shafiek Hanaa , Fiorentino Federico , Cosio Borja G. , Kersul Ana , Thiberville Luc , Gómez Cristina , Riera Melchor , Martín Maria L. , Martínez Rocio , Noguera Maria A. , Agustí Alvar , Sauleda Jaume
Published: June 2016

Background: Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a novel technique that provides in vivo microscopic imaging of the distal lung. We hypothesized that the intra-alveolar exudates characterizing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) can be identified by pCLE in vivo and help in its diagnosis. Objectives: We aimed to assess the usefulness of pCLE for the in vivo diagnosis of PJP. Methods: Thirty-two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with new pulmonary infiltrates and fever were studied using pCLE. Real-time alveolar images were recorded during the bronchoscopy for off-line analysis by two independent observers. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were also obtained and processed for microbiology and cytological evaluation, including Grocott stain for P. jirovecii. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of pCLE for the diagnosis of PJP in these patients were calculated. Results: Fourteen patients (44%) were confirmed to have PJP by cultures/staining. pCLE was well tolerated in all patients. It identified intra-alveolar exudates in 13 of them (41%), where 11 of them (85%) had positive Grocott stain for P. jirovecci, with 93% concordance between observers. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of pCLE for the diagnosis of PJP were 79, 89, 85 and 84%, respectively. In smokers, these figures improved to be 92, 88, 85 and 94%. Conclusions: pCLE is a quick and safe procedure for on-site diagnosis of PJP in HIV+ patients with excellent specificity and sensitivity mainly in smokers.
Non-Contrast Renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Assess Perfusion and Corticomedullary Differentiation in Health and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Gillis Keith A. , McComb Christie , Patel Rajan K. , Stevens Kathryn K. , Schneider Markus P. , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Morris Scott T.W. , Roditi Giles H. , Delles Christian , Mark Patrick B.
Published: June 2016

Aims: Arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI measures perfusion without administration of contrast agent. While ASL has been validated in animals and healthy volunteers (HVs), application to chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been limited. We investigated the utility of ASL MRI in patients with CKD. Methods: We studied renal perfusion in 24 HVs and 17 patients with CKD (age 22-77 years, 40% male) using ASL MRI at 3.0T. Kidney function was determined using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). T1 relaxation time was measured using modified look-locker inversion and ﬂow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery true-fast imaging and steady precession was performed to measure cortical and whole kidney perfusion. Results: T1 was higher in CKD within cortex and whole kidney, and there was association between T1 time and eGFR. No association was seen between kidney size and volume and either T1, or ASL perfusion. Perfusion was lower in CKD in cortex (136 ± 37 vs. 279 ± 69 ml/min/100 g; p < 0.001) and whole kidney (146 ± 24 vs. 221 ± 38 ml/min/100 g; p < 0.001). There was significant, negative, association between T1 longitudinal relaxation time and ASL perfusion in both the cortex (r = -0.75, p < 0.001) and whole kidney (r = -0.50, p < 0.001). There was correlation between eGFR and both cortical (r = 0.73, p < 0.01) and whole kidney (r = 0.69, p < 0.01) perfusion. Conclusions: Significant differences in renal structure and function were demonstrated using ASL MRI. T1 may be representative of structural changes associated with CKD; however, further investigation is required into the pathological correlates of reduced ASL perfusion and increased T1 time in CKD.
Safety, tolerability and clinical pharmacology of dabigatran etexilate in adolescents
Authors: Lehr Thorsten , Cronin Lisa , Lobmeyer Maximilian T. , Haertter Sebastian , Belletrutti Mark , Mitchell Lesley G. , Halton Jacqueline M. L.
Published: June 2016

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence is increasing among children owing to many factors, including improved diagnosis of VTE. There is a need for alternative treatment options. Our objective was to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of dabigatran etexilate in adolescents with VTE. Adolescents aged 12 to <18 years (n = 9) who successfully completed planned treatment for primary VTE were administered dabigatran etexilate twice daily for three days; initially 1.71 (± 10%) mg/kg (80% of a 150 mg/70 kg twice daily adult dose), followed by 2.14 (± 10%) mg/kg (target adult dose adjusted for patient’s weight), if there were no safety concerns. No bleeding events, deaths or drug-related serious adverse events (AEs) were reported; three treatment-emergent AEs, all gastrointestinal-related, occurred in two patients. In these adolescent patients with normal renal function, presumed steady-state trough plasma concentrations of dabigatran were low (geometric mean dosenormalised total dabigatran plasma concentration: 0.493 ng/ml/mg at 72 hours). Total dabigatran concentrations were well predicted by the RE-LY® population PK model (94% of trough concentrations were within the 80% prediction interval). The relationship between total dabigatran plasma concentration, diluted thrombin time and ecarin clotting time (ECT) was linear; the relationship with activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was non-linear. Adult population PK/PD models predicted the adolescent concentration–ECT and –aPTT relationships well. In conclusion, dabigatran etexilate was generally well tolerated, except for occurrence of dyspepsia in two patients, over the three-day treatment period. The dabigatran PK/PD relationship observed in adolescent patients was similar to that in adult patients.

Institution where work was performed: Main clinical study site: Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00844415).
Risk factors for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Focus on Fcγ receptors
Authors: Rollin Jérôme , Pouplard Claire , Gruel Yves
Published: June 2016

Fcγ receptors have critical roles in the pathophysiology of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a severe immune-mediated complication of heparin treatment. Activation of platelets, monocytes and neutrophils by platelet-activating anti-PF4/heparin IgG antibodies results in thrombocytopenia, hypercoagulability and thrombosis in susceptible patients, effects that depend on FcγRIIA. In addition, FcγRIIIA receptors probably contribute to clearance of platelets sensitised by HIT immune complexes. FcγRI has also been reported to be involved in monocyte activation by HIT IgG antibodies and synthesis of tissue factor. This review focuses on the role of these FcγRs in HIT pathophysiology, including the potential influence of several gene variations associated with variable risk of HIT and related thrombosis. In particular, the 276P and 326Q alleles of CD148, a protein tyrosine phosphatase that regulates FcγRIIA signalling, are associated with a lower risk of HIT, and platelets from healthy donors expressing these alleles are hyporesponsive to anti-PF4/H antibodies. It was also recently demonstrated that the risk of thrombosis is higher in HIT patients expressing the R isoform of the FcγRIIA H131R polymorphism, with HIT antibodies shown to activate RR platelets more efficiently, mainly explained by an inhibitory effect of normal IgG2, which bound to the FcγRIIA 131H isoform more efficiently. Environmental risk factors probably interact with these gene polymorphisms affecting FcγRs, thereby increasing thrombosis risk in HIT.
What is the effect of venous thromboembolism and related complications on patient reported health-related quality of life?
Authors: Paulino Pereira Nuno Rui , Kabrhel Christopher , Kuter David J. , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Lubberts Bart
Published: June 2016

We conducted a meta-analysis of the literature to 1) assess the health-related quality of life for patients with a minimum follow-up of one year after an episode of pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), and 2) to assess the HRQOL for patients who develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and post thrombotic syndrome (PTS). PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 30, 2016. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was assessed with I2 and Tau2 tests. SF-12, SF-36, and VEINES-QOL were evaluated with pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fourteen studies were included for meta-analysis. In patients who sustain a PE, physical health becomes impaired (p<0.001, 2 studies) but mental health appears to remain similar to population norms (p=0.069, 2 studies) after at least one year. Patients who develop CTEPH report worse physical (p<0.001, 1 study) and mental health (p=0.009, 1 study). In patients who suffer from a DVT, physical health (p=0.19, 9 studies), mental health (p=0.67, 9 studies), and disease specific quality of life (p=0.61, 8 studies) remain similar to population norms after at least one year. Patients who develop PTS, however, report worse physical health (p<0.001, 7 studies), mental health (p<0.001, 7 studies), and disease specific quality of life (p<0.001, 10 studies). These data can be used to educate patients during the shared decision making process that increasingly governs medical care today. Level of Evidence: II.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Altered fibrin clot structure in patients with atrial fibrillation and worsening renal function
Authors: Philippou Helen , Blann Andrew D. , Lau Yee Cheng , Hardy Lewis J. , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: June 2016

Note: The review process for this manuscript was fully handled by Christian Weber, Editor in Chief.
A new perspective on an Old Debate: is Prebish-Singer's thesis still valid?
Authors: Silva Julio Castro Alves de Lima e , Prado Luiz Carlos Delorme , Torracca Julia Ferreira
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir se a tese de Prebisch-Singer, adaptada aos dados e às características do comércio internacional atuais, pode ser, ainda,considerada válida. Para isso, faremos uma discussão das proposições originais para,posteriormente, testar a tendência de evolução dos termos de troca entre as commodities e diferentes categorias de produtos industriais para o período 1977 a 2011. O trabalho conclui que,apesar do crescimento recente dos preços das commodities, os preços dos produtos manufaturados de alta e média tecnologia também cresceram fazendo com que a tendência de longo prazo de deterioração dos termos de troca permanecesse
A study on bank credit channel in Brazil: The approach of impulse response functions matching
Authors: Bezerra Jocildo Fernandes , Lima Ricardo Chaves , Silva Igor Ézio Maciel
Published: June 2016

O presente estudo aborda a questão do canal de crédito bancário no Brasil considerando a sua operacionalidade e a identiﬁcação dos efeitos da oferta e da demanda de empréstimos. Para tanto,especiﬁca-se um modelo estilizado que caracteriza o comportamento da oferta de crédito dos bancos,em um ambiente de incerteza quanto à política monetária futura. Em seguida, estimam-se funções impulso resposta empíricas, obtidas de um modelo VECM, e teóricas, originadas de um modelo DSGE. Usando-se a técnica de calibragem, obtêm-se os parâmetros que determinam a distância mínima (matching) entre os dois tipos de funções em presença de um choque de política monetária. A motivação para o uso dessa metodologia é a possibilidade de separarem os componentes de demanda e de oferta de empréstimos, uma questão recorrente em estudos desta natureza
Research enchancing the quality of teaching: Econometric evidence from Brazil
Authors: Andrade Eduardo De Carvalho , Rocha Bruno De Paula
Published: June 2016

Este artigo reporta evidência de que as atividades de pesquisa tendem a melhorar a avaliação recebida dos professores pelos alunos (SET) com uma defasagem temporal. Além disso, os resultados sugerem que as atividades de pesquisa sejam complementares às atividades de ensino. As atividades de pesquisa parecem afetar a qualidade do ensino no momento em que são realizadas, indicando um ganho na realização conjunta das atividades de ensino e pesquisa
Deixar-se enganar
Authors: Marko Ana Julia
Published: June 2016

Este artigo analisa uma experiência realizada com participantes de um processo pedagógico a partir da exposição do artifício cênico e da mentira teatral. Em diálogo com ideias de pensadores da teatralidade como Josette Feral e Óscar Cornago, o artigo se propõe a pensar o espectador dessa cena que se assume enquanto cena. A mediação palco/plateia pode ser feita apenas pelos próprios funcionamentos, jogos, materialidades e regras dessa cena? A relação entre o público e a obra a partir da teatralidade é o objeto de estudo deste artigo.
Presença e afeto na experiência do encontro na arte: quando não se podem prever seus efeitos
Authors: Duenha Milene Lopes
Published: June 2016

Como a arte da presença pode produzir afetos com seus meios e efetivar-se como potência nos encontros entre corpos na contemporaneidade? Este ensaio se destina a uma discussão sobre a produção e recepção nas artes presenciais, destacando uma noção de presença do artista como relação, e de arte como potência intensiva capaz de provocar fissuras perceptivas. Por meio de uma abordagem fenomenológica convida à observação das alterações nos modos de produção, leitura e interlocução na experiência artística, com base em teorias de Bento Espinosa, Flávio Desgranges, José Gil, Erika Fischer-Lichte entre outros.
Evento Fim de Década: performer, espectador e espaço público entre a ditadura e a democracia.
Authors: Bertucci Patricia Morales
Published: June 2016

Nos últimos anos da ditadura militar, entre o fim dos anos de 1970 e início de 1980, as manifestações populares e artísticas voltavam às ruas da cidade de São Paulo. Como parte desse movimento, o Evento Fim de Década (1979) foi um acontecimento no qual os coletivos de arte independente ocuparam a Praça da Sé e convidaram os transeuntes não para serem seus espectadores, mas responsáveis diretos pela construção de situações criativas, novas possibilidades relacionais, corporais e contextuais nos espaços públicos já com ares democráticos.
Os Quintais de Porto Alegre: uma experiência de jogo entre as funções de ator e espectador
Authors: Berselli Marcia , Soldera Natália , Corá Carina
Published: June 2016

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre Os Quintais de Porto Alegre, um circuito de intervenções cênicas que ocupou quintais de prédios históricos e públicos da capital gaúcha. Por meio de eventos que buscavam promover o convívio, os espectadores foram convocados ao jogo em uma proposta na qual as funções de atores e espectadores mesclavam-se e confundiam-se. Apresentando o processo de criação e refletindo sobre a experiência no contato com os espectadores, essas funções são analisadas e problematizadas, apresentando elementos que refletem a cena teatral contemporânea sob o aporte de Lehmann (2007), Albright (2013), Pesavento (2008), entre outros importantes autores.
Horizontalidade? A perspectiva da interação em aisthesis e seus pontos de contato com a performance
Authors: Carvalho Edilson Oliveira de
Published: June 2016

Este artigo elabora reflexão sobre a pesquisa de procedimentos em processos criativos Aisthesis, realizada por seis artistas residentes em Brasília e São Paulo em 2014 e 2015. A partir de um olhar no interior do objeto analisado, como membro integrante dele, reflito sobre os aspectos que aproximam o Aisthesis da performance arte, priorizando o questionamento sobre um dos princípios mais caros a ele: a horizontalidade assimétrica na relação com o público. A reflexão se dá por meio de um diálogo com noções teóricas sobre performance e de apontamentos sobre a experiência vivida como participante desse processo de pesquisa.
Sexual Diversity
Authors: Abdo Carmita H. N.
Published: June 2016

As mudanças no campo da sexualidade, durante o século XX, caracterizaram-se pela influência da tecnologia, por progressos na área da Sociologia, Pedagogia e pelo advento da psicanálise. Pesquisas sobre o comportamento sexual representaram ruptura com estudos da sexologia clínica. As palavras sexo e gênero foram, e ainda são, utilizadas como sinônimos, embora pertencer a determinado sexo signifique ser homem ou mulher, biologicamente, enquanto gênero define o masculino e o feminino, do ponto de vista comportamental e psicológico. Por outro lado, o comportamento de gênero assume diferentes significados, conforme a cultura em que se insere. A expressão da sexualidade, mais do que se manifestar por diferentes heranças biológicas, também se constitui num meio de confirmação de regras sociais, o que lhe credita caráter ideológico. Técnicas de imagem cerebral ampliaram o conhecimento das diferenças do cérebro masculino e feminino. Estudos demonstraram que influências associadas ao sexo se dão em vários níveis do sistema nervoso, do genético ao comportamental, resultando em distintas organizações cerebrais, masculina e feminina, dissociadas dos estereótipos. O legado de tais mudanças é sem precedentes para a civilização ocidental. Perplexidade, estigmatização, mapeamentos cerebrais e classificações diagnósticas ainda são as respostas mais frequentes a este turbilhão de orientações, identidades e preferências sexuais. Este artigo se propõe a debater o tema diversidade sexual, provocando uma reflexão sobre a força do sociocultural que se contrapõe às evidências da biotecnologia
The Cartwheel on Route of Balaios: Orality, Memory and Tradition
Authors: Vasconcelos Gisele
Published: June 2016

Nas andanças com o espetáculo de teatro de rua "A Carroça é Nossa" os atores-contadores do grupo Xama, seguindo os rastros dos intérpretes viajantes, daqueles que andavam de cidade em cidade para cantar e declamar poemas, dosando o cantor e o narrador, assumem, de forma metafórica, o papel do “marinheiro comerciante” rumo ao encontro do “camponês sedentário”. Com o objetivo de realizar a circula- ção do espetáculo "A Carroça é Nossa" seguindo o percurso da Balaiada, no estado do Maranhão, o projeto Carroça na Rota dos Balaios, percorreu, no período de julho a outubro de 2015, comunidades localizadas nas cidades de Icatu, Itapecuru Mirim, Vargem Grande, Nina Rodrigues, Chapadinha, Urbano Santos, Anapurus, Brejo, Caxias e São Luís
A vida em folhas de papel: escrita mediada na América Portuguesa
Authors: Rachi Silvia
Published: June 2016

Escrever é revelar. Forma de se colocar no mundo, de expressar ideias, recorrendo aos fragmentos do passado e às idealizações do amanhã. Ato de manifestação pessoal, pode, contudo, materializar-se pelas mãos de outrem. Por caminhos convencionais ou inusitados, homens e mulheres, em diferentes épocas, deixaram registradas suas versões da própria existência. No esforço de resgatar as lembranças, de fazer sentir os afetos, de expressar crenças e valores, sujeitos iletrados, valendo-se de um mediador, colocaram no papel suas representações do real e, desse modo, atuaram socialmente. Estratégicas ou não, as palavras e as expressões davam passagem, em fatias de textos, aos interiores, aos relacionamentos, às memórias, aos desejos. Aqui, tecemos breve discussão sobre o lugar e a importância da escrita mediada em Minas Gerais, no final do século XVIII e início do XIX, e buscamos destacar a potencialidade dos testamentos post mortem para o estudo dos usos da escrita nesse contexto. Para efeito de análise, dialogamos com autores da linguística e pesquisadores referenciais no estudo da sociedade colonial.
Pirataria e mercado livreiro no Rio de Janeiro: Desiré-Dujardin e a Livraria Belgo-Francesa, 1843-1851
Authors: Schapochnik Nelson
Published: June 2016

O presente ensaio examina uma zona nebulosa caracterizada pelas práticas comerciais de contrafações, isto é, de obras piratas que chegaram ao público brasileiro por meio do comércio transatlântico de impressos, cuja presença pode ser constatada nos catálogos de bibliotecas e gabinetes de leitura implantados no Império brasileiro. Nesta análise, será explorada a atuação de Desiré-Dujardin, proprietário da Librairie Belge-Française e de um gabinete de leitura instalados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro no período de 1843 a 1851, assim como suas estratégias comerciais e editoriais.
Mortality After Atrioventricular Nodal Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation With Permanent Ventricular Pacing in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Garcia Bruno , Clementy Nicolas , Benhenda Nazih , Pierre Bertrand , Babuty Dominique , Olshansky Brian , Fauchier Laurent
Published: June 2016

Background—

Atrioventricular nodal radiofrequency ablation (AVNA) with permanent ventricular pacing can be used to control rate in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, long-term outcomes after AVNA are uncertain, especially in light of irreversible pacemaker dependence.

Methods and Results—

We examined 9122 consecutive patients with AF. The outcomes in 453 patients with AVNA (26% of whom underwent an implantable cardiac defibrillator implant and 37% underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy implant) were compared with AF patients without AVNA after propensity score 1:1 matching. During follow-up in the propensity-matched cohort (2.41±3.23 years, median 1.23, quartiles 0.33–3.12), 100 patients died (yearly rate of death 6.6%). Mode of death was available in 86% of patients, which was cardiovascular in 67% of the patients (related to heart failure in 38%, sudden death in 5%, and other cardiovascular reason in 24%) and noncardiovascular in 33%. AVNA in patients with AF was associated with a lower risk of mortality (odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.77;
P
=0.003), a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio =0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.73;
P
=0.003), and nonsignificant lower risk of stroke and thromboembolic events (odds ratio =0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.36–1.06;
P
=0.08).

Conclusions—

In sick AF patients with multiple comorbidities, AVNA with permanent ventricular pacing for rate control seems safe during follow-up and may be associated with lower mortality.
Tajikistan’s Bureaucratic Management of Exclusion: Responses to the Russian Reentry Ban Database
Authors: Bahovadinova Malika
Published: June 2016

This article analyzes the consequences of the Russian Federation’s introduction of an electronic database that dynamically generates lists of individuals with reentry bans, with a focus on its effect on the Tajik migration management bureaucracy and Tajik migrant workers. Countering standard narratives about the passive citizenry of authoritarian states, it demonstrates how Tajik citizens change the emphasis in the bureaucracy through their everyday encounters with civil servants and bureaucrats. However, this is not a clear case of subversion or subaltern agency, but rather an engagement that remains structured by capitalist needs for expendable, disciplined, and most importantly deportable alien labor.
Artemisia neosinensis, a new name for Artemisia sinensis (Anthemideae, Asteraceae)
Authors: JIAO BOHAN , ZHANG GUOJIN , FU ZHIXI , SONG LI , GAO TIANGANG
Published: June 2016

Artemisia Linnaeus (1753: 845) is the largest genus of the tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae). It comprises about 350–500 species and is distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere (Torrell et al. 1999, Shultz 2006, Garcia et al. 2011, Ling et al. 2011). Traditionally it was classified into 5 subgenera, i.e., A. subgen. Artemisia, A. subgen. Absinthium (Miller 1754: unpaged) Lessing (1832: 264), A. subgen. Dracunculus (Besser 1835: 8) Rydberg (1916: 251), A. subgen. Seriphidium (Besser ex Lessing 1832: 264) Fourreau (1869: 89), and A. subgen. Tridentatae (Rydberg 1916: 282) McArthur in McArthur et al. (1981: 590), largely based on floral and capitula characters (Shultz 2006). Although this subgeneric classification was partly incongruent with recent molecular studies (Pellicer et al. 2014), it is still widely used. There are about 217 species in China, representing 4 subgenera (Ling 1991, Ling et al. 2011), the only exception being A. subgen. Tridentatae, which is endemic to North America (Shultz 2006).
A synopsis of Oxypetalum (Apocynaceae) in Bolivia, with the description of one new species and a key to species in Bolivia
Authors: FARINACCIO MARIA ANA , GOYDER DAVID J.
Published: June 2016

We present a synopsis of Oxypetalum (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) in Bolivia. In addition, one new species, Oxypetalum urceolatum, is described, illustrated, and compared to its putative closest relatives. Oxypetalum urceolatum forms a complex with O. erianthum, O. brachystemma, O. dactylostelma, O. dombeyanum, O. molle, O. pearsonii, and O. fuscum. Morphologically, O. urceolatum appears most closely related to O. dactylostelma, from which it differs in having a conical, rather than expanded, style-head appendage and a glabrous, not pilose, throat to the corolla. In addition to this new species, we present a key to species of Oxypetalum in Bolivia.
Chamaecrista petiolata (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae), new species from Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: COTA MATHEUS MARTINS TEIXEIRA , RANDO JULIANA GASTALDELLO , MELLO-SILVA RENATO
Published: June 2016

During a floristic study of Chamaecrista in Diamantina plateau, Minas Gerais state, a new species was discovered. Chamaecrista petiolata is here described, illustrated, and compared to its putative closest relative species, C. catapodia and C. monticola. These species are shrubs, the stem-axis exceeding 1.5 m, and show sessile leaves, whereas C. petiolata is a subshrub up to 40 cm alt., with short petiolate leaves. The new species belongs to subsection Absus, which is characterized by glandular trichomes and lack of extrafloral nectaries.
A new species of Vanilla (Orchidaceae: Vanilloideae) from Brazil
Authors: PANSARIN EMERSON R. , MIRANDA MARCELO R.
Published: June 2016

A new orchid species, Vanilla arcuata, native from costal plane (“restinga” vegetation) of the Atlantic rainforests in the State of São Paulo, Brazil is described and illustrated. The relationship of V. arcuata with other related taxa of the genus is discussed.
Review of the genus Scythropiodes Matsumura, 1931 (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae, Oditinae) from China, with a checklist of the world
Authors: WANG QINGYUN , LI HOUHUN
Published: June 2016

The genus Scythropiodes Matsumura, 1931 in China is reviewed. Fifteen species are treated, including four new species: Scythropiodes aculeiformus sp. nov. from Sichuan, S. dorsoprocessus sp. nov. from Guangxi, S. asymmetricus sp. nov. from Guangxi and Yunnan, and S. taedus sp. nov. from Yunnan. The females of S. barbellatus and S. elasmatus are described for the first time. Images of adults and genitalia are provided. A key to all the involved species and three maps showing the distribution of these species are included. A checklist of Scythropiodes on a worldwide basis is given.
The Sericothripinae genus Neohydatothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) in India with description of two new species
Authors: TYAGI KAOMUD , KUMAR VIKAS
Published: June 2016

Two new species of Neohydatothrips are described from India, N. chandrai and N. plumeria. The former was collected on leaves of a hedge plant in northwest India, and the latter on flowers and leaves of Plumeria sp. in eastern India. A key to the seven species of Neohydatothrips recorded from India is also provided. Partial sequence data of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (mtCOI) from the holotypes of each of these two new species were generated.
Review of the genus Relaba (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Alebrini) and description of two new species from Argentina
Authors: CATALANO MARÍA INÉS , PARADELL SUSANA L. , DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H.
Published: June 2016

The genus Relaba is reviewed, and two new species, R. forcipula n. sp. and R. globata n. sp. are added. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species, and a key to males of known species are provided.
Parhyale darvishi, a new widely distributed amphipod species, in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalidae)
Authors: MOMTAZI FARZANEH , MAGHSOUDLOU ABDOLVAHAB
Published: June 2016

Parhyale darvishi sp. nov., is described. The new species is characterized by a naked posterior margin on the propodus of pereopods 5–7, a special arrangement of robust setae on the first male gnathopod and a lack of dense fine setae on the second antennae. Parhyale darvishi sp. nov. is distributed from the western coasts of the Persian Gulf to the eastern coasts of Gulf of Oman.
Three eriophyoid mite species (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from Iran
Authors: XUE XIAO-FENG , SADEGHI HUSSEIN , HONARMAND ARASH
Published: June 2016

Three mite species of the family Eriophyidae from Iran are described and illustrated. They are: Tegolophus marrubiumer sp. nov. on Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae); Phyllocoptes sp. cf. balasi Farkas, 1962 on Sanguisorba minor Scop. subsp. minor (Rosaceae) and Aceria fasciculifolis sp. nov. on Astragalus fasciculifolius Boiss. (Fabaceae). Both new species described herein are vagrants on their respective host plants.
Novel Computed Tomography Scoring System for Sinus Disease in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Sheikh Shahid I. , Handly Brian , Ryan-Wenger Nancy A. , Hayes Don , Kirkby Stephen E. , McCoy Karen S. , Lind Meredith
Published: June 2016

Objective:

There is no easy to use scoring system for computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses that is specific to cystic fibrosis (CF). We propose a simple and easily implemented scoring system to quantify severity of sinus disease in adults with CF.

Study Design:

Case series with chart review.

Setting:

Academic tertiary-care referral center.

Subjects:

Sixty-nine adult patients with CF and 50 age-matched controls.

Methods:

We validated a scoring system for CF sinus disease. The CT scans were interpreted by 3 physicians on 2 separate sittings. Parameters include maxillary opacification, nasal obstruction, lateral nasal wall displacement, uncinate process absence/demineralization, and presence/absence of mucocele.

Results:

Patients with CF aged 21 to 30 years (mean = 24.7 ± 2.49). In CF cohort (n = 69), intrarater reliability for the 10 CT categories ranged from .70 to 1.00. Twenty-six (87%) were in the excellent range, and the remaining 4 (13%) were evaluated as good. In the non-CF cohort (n = 50), reliabilities ranged from .44 to 1.00. Twenty-seven (90%) were in the excellent range. For interrater reliability, in the CF cohort, 10 CT categories across the 3 raters ranged from .55 to 1.00. Excellent reliability was achieved in 15 (50%) of the observations. In the non-CF cohort, reliabilities ranged from .44 to 1.00.

Conclusion:

A novel and easy to use CT scoring system for CF sinus disease in adults was validated with inter- and intrarater reliability. This new CF sinus disease–specific scoring system can be used by clinicians, surgeons, and radiologists.
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials to Evaluate Cochlear Implant Candidacy in an Ear With Long-standing Hearing Loss
Authors: Patel Tirth R. , Shahin Antoine J. , Bhat Jyoti , Welling D. Bradley , Moberly Aaron C.
Published: June 2016

Objectives:

We describe a novel use of cortical auditory evoked potentials in the preoperative workup to determine ear candidacy for cochlear implantation.

Methods:

A 71-year-old male was evaluated who had a long-deafened right ear, had never worn a hearing aid in that ear, and relied heavily on use of a left-sided hearing aid. Electroencephalographic testing was performed using free field auditory stimulation of each ear independently with pure tones at 1000 and 2000 Hz at approximately 10 dB above pure-tone thresholds for each frequency and for each ear.

Results:

Mature cortical potentials were identified through auditory stimulation of the long-deafened ear. The patient underwent successful implantation of that ear. He experienced progressively improving aided pure-tone thresholds and binaural speech recognition benefit (AzBio score of 74%).

Conclusions:

Findings suggest that use of cortical auditory evoked potentials may serve a preoperative role in ear selection prior to cochlear implantation.
Behavioural addictions: A challenge for psychopathology and psychiatric nosology
Authors: Starcevic Vladan
Published: June 2016

Disorders characterised by repetitive and problematic behaviours and poor impulse control have been increasingly conceptualised as behavioural addictions. This article examines the concept of behavioural addiction and argues that the addiction framework is only one approach to these behavioural disturbances. It cautions against a tendency to regard many activities that are performed with an extraordinary intensity or frequency and that have some negative consequences as behavioural addiction. There is a need for more research to better understand the links between repetitive and problematic behaviours and other psychopathology, as well as the function of these behaviours and factors that maintain them.
Domestic Factors in the Making of Chinese Foreign Policy
Authors: Nathan Andrew J.
Published: June 2016

The hard logic of China’s geostrategic vulnerability drives Chinese foreign policy. Neither nationalism, power struggles nor interest group politics constrain the elite’s foreign policy decisions. The good news for India is that China’s goals are relatively easy to understand. The bad news is that China seeks more influence in South Asia.
The sum of its parts? Sources of local legitimacy
Authors: Gippert Birte J
Published: June 2016

The article analyses the sources of local actors’ legitimacy perceptions towards international peacebuilding operations. Local legitimacy perceptions are increasingly recognised as shaping local behaviour towards international peacebuilding, which influences the effective functioning of the operation. Legitimacy debates in peacebuilding are either absent or imported from the literature on domestic legitimacy, without respect to the specific temporal and spatial situation of international operations. The article first explores which legitimacy sources influence local legitimacy perceptions of international peacebuilding operations. It finds that two sources are relevant: output and procedure. Second, it investigates how exactly legitimacy arises from them. In doing so, it demonstrates that output and procedure are umbrella terms comprising several sub-elements which influence legitimacy in different, sometimes contradictory, ways. Finally, the article empirically explores which of the sources are important to local actors’ legitimacy perceptions using field data from the EU peacebuilding operations EULEX in Kosovo and EUPM Bosnia-Herzegovina.
The bridge on the Neretva: Stari Most as a stage of memory in post-conflict Mostar, Bosnia–Herzegovina
Authors: Forde Susan
Published: June 2016

This article conceptualises the institutional narrative of the reconstruction of Stari Most (Old Bridge), regarded as an international symbol of reconciliation in Mostar, Bosnia–Herzegovina, as a staged reconciliation of the city. Constructed during Ottoman occupation Stari Most became a signifier of Mostar and was central to the growth of the city. Stari Most was destroyed in 1993 during the Bosnian war; restoration began five years following, and the bridge alongside Stari Grad (Old Town) was reopened as a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) heritage site in 2004. UNESCO began operating in 1945 on the grounds that ‘peace must be established on the basis of humanity’s moral and intellectual solidarity’, based on a collaborative effort to celebrate diversity and innovation. In this article I conceptualise Stari Most as a stage of memory through identifying, firstly, the institutional staging of the reconstruction as a structure which ‘bridges’ divides, and secondly, the institutional narrative of the bridge as a symbolically reconciling structure, in a city which remains divided.
The politics of Arctic international cooperation: Introducing a dataset on stakeholder participation in Arctic Council meetings, 1998–2015
Authors: Knecht Sebastian
Published: June 2016

Contemporary Arctic transformations and their global causes and consequences have put international cooperation in the Arctic Council, the region’s most important forum for addressing Arctic affairs, at the forefront of research in Northern governance. With interest in Arctic regional affairs in world politics being at a historical high, the actual participation and contribution by interested actors to regional governance arrangements, such as the Arctic Council, has remained very much a blind spot. This article introduces and analyses a novel dataset on stakeholder participation in the Arctic Council (STAPAC) for all member states, Permanent Participants and observers in Ministerial, Senior Arctic Officials’ and subsidiary body meetings between 1998 and 2015. The article finds that participation in the Arctic Council varies significantly across meeting levels and type of actors, and that new admissions to the Council, a source of major contestation in recent debates, do not necessarily result in more actors attending. The article further discusses these findings in light of three prevalent debates in Arctic governance research, and shows the empirical relevance of the STAPAC dataset for the study of Arctic cooperation and conflict, observer involvement in the Arctic Council system and political representation of indigenous Permanent Participants.
Integrating Professional and Indigenous Therapies
Authors: Wendt Dennis C. , Gone Joseph P.
Published: June 2016

The authors present a narrative case study of an urban American Indian male college student who integrated Indigenous and professional therapies during an acute period of stress, loss, and depression. As the first published case of an American Indian in an urban context, this article expands on previous clinical cases by focusing on the client’s perspective relative to his own conceptions of help-seeking behaviors. Based on qualitative analysis of five audio-recorded interviews, this case utilizes an innovative methodology to portray four approaches to healing (medication, counseling, bonding, and spirituality) that contribute to holistic well-being. Implications for counseling psychologists include being aware of how some American Indian clients may (a) view professional treatment dynamics through a Native cultural lens (e.g., seeing ideal communication as a “rhythm”), (b) utilize an expanded range of therapeutic agents, (c) resist medication for cultural and spiritual reasons, and (d) refrain from discussing spiritual matters with professionals.
Financial and Social Orientations of Microfinance Institutions in India
Authors: M. Muneer Babu
Published: June 2016

In this article, we examine differences in the technical efficiency (TE) orientation of 79 sample Indian Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) during 2010–2011 under various combinations of three inputs and three outputs, by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Furthermore, we have used principal component analysis (PCA) technique to identify various TE orientation of TE in Indian MFIs namely, loan portfolio orientation, client orientation (i.e. breadth of outreach) and average loan size per borrower (i.e. depth of outreach) orientation. We find that TE in Indian MFIs tremendously varies when we use different input and output combinations to specify production. The analysis shows that all fully technically efficient MFIs have loan portfolio orientation, may be they have financial orientation. Similarly, some MFIs have breadth of outreach and depth of outreach orientation, which may be due to their social orientation.

JEL Classification: C14, G21, O16, O43
An Analytical Enquiry into the Import Intensity of Indian Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Joseph Tinu
Published: June 2016

The present article tries to measure the import intensity of Indian manufacturing sector and to highlight the vulnerability of our manufacturing output and exports. The article is divided into four sections. Section I provides information on foreign country’s share of value addition in exports of different products of our economy. Section II analyses the trade pattern of top 10 manufacturing product imports towards India. Section III deals with calculations of import intensity of our manufacturing sector. Twelve manufacturing products were selected to calculate the imported raw materials consumed, imported capital goods, forex spending on interest, dividend and royalty, export earnings as per cent of total sales, etc. The findings stood in favourable terms with the existing literature. Although the export of Indian manufacture has increased manyfold after liberalisation, the imported raw material content of Indian manufacturing has been ever increasing over the years. Section IV explains the concluding remarks of the study. The major contributor to the increase in share of imports was fuels and mineral oils, which was followed by precious pearls and stones. The forex spending on interest rate were higher for automobiles, non-electrical machinery, textiles and construction. Permanent steps needed to curb the unproductive imports of luxury items and promote only exports of products with higher domestic value added for imported items.

JEL Classification: F14
Rapid Economic Growth in India
Authors: Parikh Kirit S. , Ghosh Probal P. , Binswanger-Mkhize Hans P.
Published: June 2016

We explore till 2040 the role of technical change in agriculture, irrigation and concern for food security in rapid economic growth in India. India aspires to achieve double-digit growth. For a densely populated country of 1.2 billion people with growing incomes meeting its increasing and diversifying food needs will be a challenge. We explore this using a multi-sector, inter-temporal optimising model with 20 expenditure classes, 10 rural and 10 urban, each with its own linear expenditure system derived from an underlying non-linear demand system. We also assess the diversification of demand that is likely to occur and impact on poverty under different alternatives. At least a 4 per cent growth rate of agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) is needed to support GDP growth rates in excess of 8 per cent for which a slightly optimistic agriculture TFPG growth rate of 2 per cent along with a slightly optimistic development of irrigation potential to 90 million hectare (Mha) (net) is needed.

JEL Classification: C61, C67, O13, O21, O33
Well-being and Conservation Implication of Forest Rights Act in the Protected Areas of Odisha, India
Authors: Mishra Brajaraja
Published: June 2016

The implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 has been extended to the protected areas (PAs) with a view to promote livelihoods of socially and economically vulnerable forest dwellers and thereby encouraging their participation in the forest management. In this context, this study examines the relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being, and how the recognition of forest rights under FRA has influenced this relationship by taking a case study of Odisha. By using primary data collected from 221 sample households located inside the Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary of Odisha, the article explains the levels of household well-being and their attitude towards conservation after provision of land rights under the FRA. The study also constructs multidimensional poverty index (MPI) and ecosystem conservation index (ECI) and tests their relationship by a simultaneous probit model.

JEL Classification: Q01, Q15, Q23, Q28
Growth and Structure of Workforce in India
Authors: Motkuri Venkatanarayana , Naik Suresh V.
Published: June 2016

The present article examines the trend in growth of workforce and the change in its structure in India during the last three decades using census data. The analysis indicates that there was a fast decelerating rate of growth in overall workforce, particularly females, between 2001 and 2011. But the work participation rate did not decline, if not increased, as the rate of growth in workforce was not less than that in population. Secondly, incremental workforce, especially the male, reduced to marginal workers category, whereas the high concentration of female in the category of marginal workers slightly reduced. Occupational distribution of workforce shows that cultivators were declining. Such a decline in agriculture was replaced by increasing agricultural labour. The study further shows that growth of workforce in non-agriculture was higher than that in agriculture. Growth of female workers engaged in non-agriculture was higher than their male counterparts.

JEL Classification: J01, J08, J21, J82
Rural Livelihood Diversity and its Impact on Livelihood Outcome
Authors: Sharma Rajeev
Published: June 2016

This article attempts to understand how the processes of livelihood diversification have affected the well-being of households in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The article makes use of primary data to realise the objective at hand. The regression analysis suggests that diversity increases household earnings despite the location. Those residents who have higher education and more tendency to take risk have positive effect on household average earnings, while less number of working members in the household, scheduled caste (SC) and female-headed households have a negative effect on earnings. The study indicates the need to create a favourable environment for dynamic diversification of the rural economy in the state.

JEL Classification: Q, Q 00
Telephone hotline for aging: Information needs, quality of service, and insights
Authors: Cohen-Mansfield Jiska , Perach Rotem , Kadmon Stern Tali , Albeck Shulamith , Rotem Dror , Arnow Tamara Lynn , Lerman Yaffa
Published: June 2016

This study examined the reasons for use and the utility of an aging-focused telephone hotline. The most common topic of inquiry was care, followed by referrals for institutional placement and financial queries. Advice from hotline professionals was reported to be useful and helpful. Yet the issue of the query was not resolved in half of the cases. Some queries may be addressed by enhancing hotline procedures, but others reflect general unmet needs that require wider systematic social changes in the information, system, and financial domains. Analysis of hotline calls can be useful for identifying areas, both for improvement for the hotline and for society.
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) and wheat straw fibers biocomposites produced by co-grinding: Processing and mechanical behavior
Authors: Montaño-Leyva Beatriz , Gontard Nathalie , Angellier-Coussy Hélène
Published: June 2016

The main objective of this work was to explore for the first time the potential of the co-grinding process using a high-energy vibrated ball mill to prepare poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/wheat straw fibers biocomposites. Grinding conditions of virgin PHBV pellets were examined by focusing on the evolution of particle size, morphology, crystallinity, and molecular weight. Temperature and grinding duration were demonstrated to be the key parameters affecting PHBV milling. In a second step, mechanical properties of biocomposites prepared by cryo-co-grinding were discussed in relation to the processing conditions and the resulting structure of materials. Comparing to virgin PHBV, the reinforcing effect of wheat straw fibers was very poor, regardless of the good dispersion of fibers within the polymer matrix induced by co-grinding. The increased brittleness and decreased toughness of biocomposites were attributed to (a) a poor interfacial compatibility between wheat straw fibers and PHBV and (b) the degradation of PHBV during processing, as revealed by the decrease in molecular weight.