bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin Ameliorates Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through SIRT1-Pink1 Signaling-Mediated Mitophagy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Jiang Tao , Liu Tianhua , Deng Xijin , Ding Wengang , Yue Ziyong , Yang Wanchao , Lv Xiangqi , li wenzhi
Published: July 2021

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a key contributing factor to the poor survival in lung transplantation recipients. Mitochondrial dysfunction is recognized as a critical mediator in the pathogenesis of diabetic lung ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The protective effects of adiponectin have been demonstrated in our previously study, but the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here we demonstrated an important role of mitophagy in the protective effect of adiponectin during diabetic lung IR injury.Methods High-fat diet-fed streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats as recipients were exposed to adiponectin with or without administration of the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 following lung transplantation. To unravel the mechanisms underlying the action of adiponectin, rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were transfected with SIRT1 small-interfering RNA or Pink1 small-interfering RNA and then subjected to in vitro diabetic lung IR injury.ResultsMitophagy was impaired in the diabetic lung subjected to IR injury, accompanied by increased oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Adiponectin induced mitophagy and attenuated subsequent diabetic lung IR injury by improving lung functional recovery, suppressing oxidative damage, diminishing inflammation, decreasing cell apoptosis, and preserving mitochondrial function. However, both inhibitors of mitophagy and knockdown of Pink1 suppressed mitophagy, and reduced the protective action of adiponectin. Furthermore, we demonstrated that APN affected Pink1 stabilization via the SIRT1 signaling pathway, and knockdown of SIRT1 suppressed Pink1 expression and compromised the protective effect of adiponectin.ConclusionThese data demonstrated that adiponectin attenuated reperfusion-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction via activation of SIRT1-Pink1 signaling-mediated mitophagy in diabetic lung IR injury.
Serum Uric Acid as a Potential Biomarker in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis-associated Interstitial Pneumonia (RA-ILD)
Authors: Wang Zitao , Wang Wen , Xiang Ting , Gong Bangdong , Xie Jianmin
Published: July 2021

Background: Uric acid (UA) has been reported participate in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Increasing evidence has shown that UA also plays an important role in lung inflammation and fibrosis. We aimed to investigate the correlation between UA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).Methods: 266 RA patients and 138 healthy individuals were recruited in this study. RA was identified according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria. UA in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as clinic and laboratory Indexes were collected from participants enrolled in the study. Serum KL-6 was measured via ELISA and then Spearman correlation analysis was used to analysing their association. Subsequent the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to estimate the diagnostic value of UA in RA-ILD and UIP pattern of RA-ILD. HRCT and pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed to evaluated the characteristics and pulmonary findings of RA patients. Furtherly, we validated the effect of UA on the EMT and the expression of cytokines in A549 cells. Results: Compared with healthy controls (HC), UA levels in serum was significantly higher in RA group (262.25±91.94 vs. 234.69±54.78µmol/L, P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis revealed associations of SUA with risk factors of RA, including RF, anti-CCP, CRP and ESR (r=0.37, p=0.02; r=0.48, p<0.01; r=0.26, p<0.01; r=0.27, p<0.01). And higher UA was measured both in serum (291.81±102.42 vs. 252.38±6.15µmol/L, P<0.01) and BALF (393.3±222.6 vs. 204.0±120.3µmol/L, p<0.01) of RA-ILD patients, particularly those with UIP pattern (475.58±249.28 vs. 262.86±103.45µmol/L, p<0.01; 393.3±222.6 vs. 204.0±120.3µmol/L, p<0.01). Meanwhile, the correlation between the level of UA in serum and BALF and serum KL-6 concentration in RA were also significant (r=0.59, p<0.01; r=0.43, p<0.01). Also, the negative correlations of UA level, both in serum and BALF, with lung function parameters including FEV1/FVC and FEV1% predicted were measured (r=-0.78; r=-0.87, p<0.01). In the ROC curve analysis of AUC, the AUC value of UA was 0.76 (95%CI=0.66-0.87, p<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity were 60% and 92%, respectively. The vitro experiment showed that UA stimulated the EMT in A549 cells, as well as induced the expression of cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6 and TGF-β, in lung epithelial cell.Conclusions: This study suggests that UA is correlated with the ILD in RA. Particularly, the higher UA levels may be related to UIP, a pattern with worse prognosis, in patients with ILD. Therefore, UA may be an important contributing factor to the pathogenesis of RA-ILD.
Polydatin Protects Against Articular Cartilage Degeneration by Regulating Autophagy Mediated by AMPK/Mtor Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ye Zhengcong , He Chun , Yu Pengzheng , Cao Guoping , Shen Qinrong , Wang Canfeng
Published: July 2021

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the leading causes of disability, and its etiopathogenesis is not completely understood. Polydatin has the potential effect on the treatment of KOA, but the mechanism is not clear.Methods: After an KOA rat model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection, KOA rats were treated with polydatin (4 mg/kg) for 30 days. Subsequently, cartilage tissues were collected from rats and detected by HE, TUNEL staining and Western blotting to evaluate the pathological damage, apoptosis and autophagy activity. Then, human chondrocyte C28/I2 cells were stimulated by LPS to induce a KOA model in vitro, and the effects of polydatin on the C28/I2 cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy were also detected. In addition, the mechanism of polydatin on KOA in C28/I2 cells was investigated, and the effect of an AMPK inhibitor (Dorsomorphin 2HCl) on the proliferation and apoptosis of polydatin administrated-cells were also detected. Results: After treated with polydatin, the pathological damage of rat cartilage tissues were ameliorated, cells apoptosis was inhibited and autophagy was activated in KOA rats. Meanwhile, polydatin also ameliorated the proliferation and apoptosis of C28/I2 cells, the expression of autophagy-related proteins, LC3II/LC3I, Beclin-1, and p-AMPK/AMPK were up-regulated, p-mTOR/mTOR was down-regulated by polydatin in C28/I2 cells. Interestingly, relative results showed that the improvement effect of polydatin on LPS-sdtimulated-C28/I2 cells was blocked by AMPK/mTOR inhibitor, Dorsomorphin 2HCl. Conclusion: Our research showed that polydatin reduces apoptosis and activate autophagy both in a rat model of KOA and C28/I2 cell model by AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, which provides the basis for further investigations into the potential therapeutic impact of polydatin in KOA.
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods Simulation in the Yi’ong Zangbo River Basin Based on One-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model
Authors: Wang Qi , Duan Hongyu , Liu Na , Du Zhishui , Wang Pan , Yi Bo , Xu Jun , Huang Jian
Published: July 2021

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a serious potential threat to the safety of life and property in downstream areas. In this study, moraine-dammed glacial lakes in the Yi’ong Zangbo River basin were recognized based on Landsat ETM+/TM/OLI images in 2000 and 2019. And the GLOFs for the Jionglaco, the largest glacial lake in this basin, was simulated using the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The results show that the total number and area of moraine-dammed glacial lakes in this basin increased by 10 (10.52%) and 5.49 km2 (48.24%) from 2000 to 2019, in which the area of the Jionglaco increased by 3.22 km2. The peak discharge at the breach outlet for five scenarios with different combinations of breach width (80 m and 120 m), depth (2.5 m and 5 m) and flood time (1.5 h and 3 h) are 489 m3/s, 1327.43 m3/s, 444.32 m3/s, 617.47 m3/s and 1570.61 m3/s. With the addition of baseflow in river, the peak discharge at bridge site 15 138.93 km from Jionglaco are 1040.89 m3/s, 1724.00 m3/s, 1024.85 m3/s, 1162.25 m3/s and 1990.52 m3/s. The combination of baseflow in river and the GLOFs discharge results in the increasing peak discharge in the further downstream region. However, the arrival of peak discharge in downstream areas is delayed, which increases the chances of people escaping. This study aims to provide some references for the prevention of GLOFs in this region.
Effects of dietary Lasia spinosa Thw. powder supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiome in Chinese yellow-feathered broilers
Authors: Yongxing Hong , Lang Zhang , Kui Tian , Haodong Sun , Xingting Liu , Yanfei Tang , A. Hassanin Abdallah , A. Abdelnour Sameh , Yuying Liao , Wanwipa Suthikrai , Kittiya Srisakwattana , Theerawat Tharasanit , Lu Yangqing
Published: July 2021

Background: Lasia spinosa Thw. (LST) has been proven to be nutritious and have growth-promoting, antioxidant functions and so on, but its effect in chicken is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary LST powder supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiome in Chinese yellow-feathered broilers.Methods: A total of 400 one-day-old yellow-feather broilers were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments: LST0 group (a basal diet), LST1 group (a basal diet with 1% LST powder), LST2 group (a basal diet with 2% LST powder), LST4 group (a basal diet with 4% LST powder), ten replicates for each treatment and 10 broilers in each treatment group. Results: Results indicated that the average daily feed intake of broilers during 22-42d and the average daily gain of chickens over all periods were significantly increased by dietary supplementation of LST powder compared to a control group, while the feed conversion ratio during the overall periods was markedly decreased. The levels of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in serum, liver and breast muscle were also significantly increased in LST supplemented groups, while ROS and MDA in serum, liver and breast muscle were decreased. Furthermore, the levels of TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased by the addition of dietary LST powder, while levels of HDL-C, Ca, Fe, Mg and P were linearly increased. Regarding the gut morphometric, crypt depth was significantly decreased by LST supplementation, while villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth were notably increased. Sequencing of 16S rRNA from the cecal contents of broilers revealed that the composition of the chicken gut microbiota was altered by LST supplementation. Moreover, the diversity of microbiota in broilers was increased in the LST1 groups but was decreased in the LST2 and LST4 groups compared with LST0 groups. The differential genera enriched in LST1 groups, such as Bacillus, Odoribacter, Sutterella, Anaerofilum, Peptococcus, were closely related to the increased growth performance, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, Ca, Mg and reduced blood lipid in the treated broilers. Conclusions: The supplementation of LST powder to the diets of Chinese yellow-feathered broilers improved growth performance, lipid profile, antioxidant indices, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota balance, with its optimum level in yellow-feathered broilers’ diet being 1%.
Lorenz-invariant system with quantum mechanical properties
Authors: Pérez Francisco de Luis
Published: July 2021

In this work we study potential fluids, within which eddies exist which have quantum
mechanical properties because according to Helmholtz they are made up of an integer
number of lines and their displacement in a potential medium is a function of a frequency.
However, this system is Lorenz-invariant since Maxwell’s equations can be obtained
from it, and this is what we demonstrate here. The considered hypothesis is that the
electric charge arises naturally as the intensity of the eddy in the potential fluid, that is,
the circulation of the velocity vector of the elements that constitute it, along that potential
(it is not another parameter, whose experimental value must be added, as proposed by the
standard model of elementary particles). Hence, the electric field appears as the rotational
of the velocity field, at each point of the potential medium, and the magnetic field appears
as the variation with respect to the velocity field of the potential medium, which is
equivalent to the Biot and Savart law. From these considerations, Maxwell’s equations
are reached, in particular his second equation which is the non-existence of magnetic
monopoles, and the fourth equation which is Ampere’s law, both of which to date are
obtained empirically demonstrated theoretically. The electromagnetic field propagation
equation is also arrived at, thus this can be considered a demonstration that a potential
medium in which eddies exist constitutes a Lorenz-invariant with quantum mechanical
properties.
Impact of Landscape and Season on the Ecological Distribution of Tabanidae and Stomoxyinae, Mechanical Vectors of Bovine Trypanosomosis in the Forest of Sanaga Maritime and Savanna of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
Authors: Djonguep Andre Sieumeni , Mamoudou Abdoulmoumini , Hiol Victor Dermy , Lebalé Oumarou , Sevidzem Silas Lendzele , Kohagne Lisette Tongue , Cornel Adler , Nukenine Elias Nchiwan
Published: July 2021

Background: Huge pasture areas in sub-Saharan Africa are heavily infested by tabanids and stomoxyines whose distribution across season and in different landscape differs and is poorly described in Cameroon. Methods: A longitudinal entomological prospection (January 2017 to December 2017) was carried out in the savanna of Ngaoundere and forest of the Sanaga Maritime of Cameroon, using three trap-types (Nzi, Biconical and Vavoua). A total of 18 traps were used in this study with nine in each site.Results: In the forest, 44317 Stomoxys belonging to four species were captured with an apparent density of 136.78 flies per trap and day (f/t/d). Twelve species of tabanids were collected with 3524 individuals with an apparent density of 10.87 f/t/d. Stomoxys niger niger was the most abundant species while for tabanids, Tabanus taeniola (48.63%) was most represented. In the savanna, 4501 (13.89 f/t/d) Stomoxys were collected and regrouped under five species with S. n. niger (70.91%) highly represented and 547 (1.68 f/t/d) tabanids collected and regrouped under 10 species with Tabanus taeniola as the most dominant species. Trap apparent density (ADT) varied with sampled sites, seasons and the prevailing weather conditions in the forest and savanna.Conclusion: From the present finding, it can be deduced that T. taeniola and S. n. niger were the most abundant and indicate the risk of mechanical transmission of dangerous pathogens such as bovine trypanosomosis.
Pulmonary B Lymphocytes Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease-Like Neuropathology
Authors: Feng Weixi , Zhang Yanli , Wang Tianqi , Li Qian , Wang Ze , Zou Ying , Sheng Chengyu , Chen Yan , Pang Yingting , Ding Fengfei , Marshall Charles , Shi Jingping , Nedergaard Maiken , Xiao Ming
Published: July 2021

Increasing evidences reveal that the peripheral immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we report that pulmonary B lymphocytes mitigate beta-Amyloid (Aβ) pathology in 5xFAD mice. The proportion of B cells, rather than T cells, increases within the brain, meningeal and lung tissues in 3-month-old 5xFAD mice. Deletion of mature B cells aggravates Aβ load and memory deficits of 5xFAD mice. Mechanistically, pulmonary B cells can migrate to the brain parenchyma and produce interleukin-35, which inhibits neuronal β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 expression, and subsequently reduces the production of Aβ. In turn, pulmonary B cell proliferation is associated with activation of the toll-like receptor/nuclear factor kappa-B pathway through elevated Aβ that is drained from the brain parenchyma to the lungs via meningeal lymphatics. Furthermore, promoting pulmonary B cell proliferation via overexpression of B-cell-activating factor ameliorates brain Aβ load and improves cognitive functions of 10-month-old 5xFAD mice. Together, these results highlight the lungs as both immune targets and effector organs in Aβ pathogenesis. Pulmonary B cells could serve as a potential target against AD.
Laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube for airway management during laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for inguinal hernia in pediatric day surgery: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Iwade Tamaki , Ohno Koichi
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAlthough endotracheal tube is preferred for airway management during laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for inguinal hernias, laryngeal mask airway may also be used. However, few studies have reported the usefulness of laryngeal mask airway during laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure. Our study aims to report the advantages of laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube during laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for inguinal hernia in pediatric day surgery.MethodsThe records of 56 patients (Group I, endotracheal tube; Group II, laryngeal mask airway) treated for inguinal hernia using laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure between November 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The duration of anesthesia; changes in hemodynamics (heart rate and systolic/diastolic blood pressure), end-tidal carbon dioxide, and bispectral index; and postoperative complications were analyzed.ResultsGroups I and II had 39 and 17 patients, respectively. The duration of anesthesia and surgery and changes in hemodynamics and bispectral index were similar between the two groups. Induction and recovery times were significantly shorter and changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide were more significant in Group II (p < 0.05). The incidence of sore throat and nausea was higher in Group I (p < 0.05).ConclusionsLaryngeal mask airway was equivalent to endotracheal tube in terms of performance during laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure, although induction and recovery were achieved sooner in laryngeal mask airway, with a lower incidence of sore throat and nausea.Trial RegistrationNot applicable
Atypical Renal Cyst (Clear Cell Type)
Authors: Li Yu-Ying , Sun Ming-Fang , Yuan Ning-Lang , Liu Yang , Zhang Di
Published: July 2021

Background: Atypical cysts do not diagnostic criteria form classification as any of the variants of renal tumors, which have led to diagnostic difficulties. When these cysts have been encountered in surgical pathology practice it can be easily misdiagnosed as renal carcinoma and results in overtreatment. Case presentation: A 55-year-old Chinese woman with a right renal cystic mass came to our hospital. The computed tomography revealed bilateral cysts in both kidneys. In histology, the right renal cystic mass was arranged by stratified epithelium with short papillary projections and tufting. The covered epithelial cells were characterized by clear cytoplasm and small nuclei. Immunohistochemistry, these epithelial cells were diffusely positive for CK7, CK8, CK18, Vimentin and EMA, weakly positive for RCC and PAX-8, while diffusely negative for AMACR, CD10 and TFE-3. And the Ki-67 positive rate was 3%. Based on the immunohistochemical profile and histological features, the final diagnosis is an atypical renal cyst (clear cell type). The patient underwent right nephrectomy. The patient is alive and without any sign of subsequent renal cancer during 11 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Atypical renal cyst is extremely rare among the routine renal pathological diagnosis, we report this case to enhance the understanding and differential diagnosis of the atypical renal cyst and remind the pathologist of this precancerous lesion, and therefore, to avoid unnecessary or excessive treatment.
Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in the Adult Population of Qatar in the First Year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from an Online Survey
Authors: Khaled Salma M. , Amro Iman , Bader Lina , Woodruff Peter , Alabdulla Majid A , Bellaj Tarek , Marzouki Youssri , Hasan Yousef , Al-Kaabi Ibrahim , Haddad Peter M.
Published: July 2021

Background: There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, COVID-19 infection and mortality rates.Aim: To identify factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after the first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the PHQ-ADS scale. Results: Of 1138 participants, 71.05% were female, 69.0% Arabs, and 70.0% Non-Qataris. 77% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR=1.67, p=0.026), never married (OR=2.04, p < 0.001 (versus married), prior history of psychiatric disorder (versus no history) (OR=1.76, p=0.039), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR=1.72, p=0.003), those with a history of COVID-19 (OR=1.76, p=0.039), loneliness (OR=1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR=0.96, p=0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR=0.97, p=0.055).Conclusions: The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar crises, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.
Modification of Newton's second law of motion
Authors: Nafria Amritpal Singh
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the effect of resistances on applied force has been studied practically. As per the study, the existing Newton’s equation (F=ma) calculates only net force and does not count the effect of resistances. It has been observed that in every action some part of the applied force is required to overcome the effect of resistances (friction, air resistances, etc.); and when applied force exceeds that amount only then a stationary body accelerate. Hence a mathematical expression (F=ma+r) has been provided by including a factor describing above said resistances.
Foreign Experience of Public Sector Communications in the context of Global COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bogatyreva T. G.
Published: July 2021

Communication in the public sector is a key tool for responding to sudden crises. It allows to check the interpretation of what is happening in accordance with changing circumstances and prevent the risks of irreversible obligations, when the authorities make management decisions in conditions of the pandemic crisis, which has raised the bar of their responsibility to protect citizens. COVID-19 is considered by the author as a starting point in the transformation of traditional communication schemes and the institutional consolidation of new communication practices and models of crisis communication. Public sector organizations face different challenges in comparison to private ones, because they are influenced by social structures, power dynamics and a higher level of media control. The pandemic accelerated the processes of media convergence and defined in it a communication collaborative strategy for the development of crisis communications in the public sector. The beginning institutionalization of crisis communications makes it possible to systematize communication strategies and increase the effectiveness of the tools and means used for the proper organization of crisis communication in the public sector. The core of modern crisis communications is social media, which, in fact, is equated with traditional media and entered into direct competition with them, primarily due to the ability to monitor crisis problems and decentralized rapid communications. To keep control over the process of informing the citizens in a crisis, the authorities must act in accordance with a certain communication scenario. The model of crisis communication for the public sector is still being formed. It needs to be re-conceptualized in an increasingly personalized, emotional, and hybrid media landscape.
Information and Communication Problems of Innovative Activity in a Regional University
Authors: Mikhailov V. A. , Tupik E. S.
Published: July 2021

The paper reveals the features of innovation activity in the higher education system in Russia. The authors summarize the reforms planned in the Strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, analyze the current state and prospects for the deployment of innovation, and draft some proposals for university practice. The article analyzes the collective nature of the subject of innovation activity in a regional university, as well as the problems of interrelationships between its individual groups. It highlights information and communication problems in the course of organizing and implementing university innovation activities, in particular, in the process of forming innovation competencies. The problems of commercialization of the results of scientific activity in regional universities of the country are considered separately. Specific sociological data gathered by the authors is used to verify conclusions and propositions. The main conclusion: innovation activity in a regional university (especially in a classical university) is developing slowly and with great difficulties, in particular, due to numerous information and communication problems of interaction and the formation of a corporate innovation culture.
Problems of Communication between Government, Society and the Media in the Field of Extremism Prevention
Authors: Vorontsov S. A. , Sharkov F. I. , Ponedelkov A. V.
Published: July 2021

This article examines the problems of communication between the government, society and the mass media in the field of extremism prevention through a systematic information policy aimed at identifying the causes and factors that determine radical manifestations, determining measures aimed at their localization, and forming a persistent rejection of illegal behavior of citizens and their associations in society. The competent organization of interaction between the government, society and the media makes it possible to synthesize their efforts in the field of extremism prevention. This approach encompasses not only basic security-based counter-terrorism measures, but also systematic preventive steps to address the underlying conditions that encourage individuals to radicalize and join violent extremist groups. It is necessary to develop specific recommendations and action plans at the federal, regional and local levels of both state and municipal authorities in active interaction with the mass media, in particular, focusing on the root social reasons why some people are attracted to extremist organizations and what measures to combat extremism are most effective.
The Online Life: the version of Moscow students
Authors: Sharkov F. I. , Potapchuk V. A.
Published: July 2021

The authors consider the issues of the attitude of students to the measures of the Moscow Government against the COVID-19 at the peak of the pandemic, reveal changes in social values, moral and communicative priorities in conditions of mass restrictions when study, work, leisure, and human contacts of Muscovites, or rather when all the life has smoothly flown online. Hence, everyone found himself in a new reality, when fatigue comes not from an excess of communication, but from an excess of its fictitious quasi-forms, or the absence of communication in real. A new type of media space is emerging, a kind of metamedia space that overlaps all media communications of the dock-like world, leaving no room for public, group and personal connections in usual form.
The occurrence of complex dialogue communication: patient – physician – IT manager
Authors: Rakova K. V.
Published: July 2021

The rapid acceleration of social processes in society under the influence of digitalization affects the key areas of social life, including medicine. The author examines the impact of digital technologies on the provision of health care services and analyzes the nature of doctor-patient communication and its growing complexity. The use of high-tech software in medicine causes the need to create relevant educational programs for specialists either in medicine or information technology. Moreover, the digitalization of health care system makes the need in new professions more urgent. For instance, the appearance of IT-doctors, who specialize in creating digital medical programs using artificial intelligence algorithms based on medical sciences. The study reveals the emergence of a three-way communication «patient – physician – IT manager». The research dwells on the ambivalent impact of digitalization on the provision of health care services and the social stratification of individuals in society.
Development and implementation of technologies for cultural enlightenment in the context of state cultural policy: semantic guidelines and priority areas
Authors: Stetsenko V. V.
Published: July 2021

The article represents the topical trends in contemporary Russian political discourse. The author proceeds from the thesis about the strengthening of the importance of the cultural component of state policy in relation to the education of young people, the reproduction of the political elite, as well as the building of communicative influences between the elite and the people. The article provides an overview of the legal framework of sources within the framework of the research area under consideration. In particular, the article analyzes changes in the field of constitutional legislation, as well as new law-making initiatives in the context of the discussion and adoption of the Laws on Culture and Youth Policy. Significant research platforms are highlighted that accentuate the problems of cultural policy, in the aspects of forming the foundations of the traditional cultural and civilizational identity of youth, as well as the reproduction and improvement of the quality of human capital in the field of training management personnel. Within the framework of the article, the phenomenon of cultural enlightenment is positioned as a promising direction of cultural policy, which is very relevant from the point of view of solving the problems being analyzed. The concept of «cultural imperative» is put forward, designed to become one of the «catalysts» of the process of value-semantic formation of the political elite. The methodological basis of the study was interpretive and empirical methods of studying the impact of state cultural policy, including cultural enlightenment, on the political outlook and socialization of young people, as well as the study of youth as a subject of political relations, its place and role in the political processes of the Russian state, development strategies civic and patriotic activity of young people in a modern society subject to globalization and informatization. In our research, we turned to an interdisciplinary method, in particular, we use the research techniques of sociology in the framework of monitoring on key research issues. As the results of the research, the author proposes projects of optional courses and retraining courses aimed at enriching the system of training the future political elite with value-semantic content through the tools of cultural enlightenment.
Virtual network communications and the political polarization of society (on the example of the United States)
Authors: Feldman P. Y. , Zavalishin N. S.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to assessing the degree of influence of virtual network communications on the level of ideological polarization of society. The theoretical basis of the research was the works of foreign authors devoted to the problems of the network society and network communication, and the empirical basis was the results of observation of the information and communication processes that accompanied the US presidential campaign in 2020. The use of communication and network approaches allowed to trace the correlation between the mass use of popular Internet services and the political radicalization of citizens. The authors conclude that virtual network communication has a high potential for conflict. It ensures cooperation between groups of like-minded political activists, but exacerbates the political polarization of the society. The algorithms of new media are designed to stimulate ideological confrontation. The principle of maximum personalization of content immerses ordinary users in «information cocoons» (echo chambers), where they are isolated from alternative views of the surrounding reality. By constantly provoking the audience of social networks to emotional reactions, political actors and the media deliberately exacerbate the contradictions existing in society. They fill the virtual environment with resonant statements, mutual insults and fake news.

The sense of permissiveness experienced by individuals using social networks contributes to the radicalization of the new media discourse. The key problem is that this state of affairs satisfies IT-corporations and meets the particular interests of the subjects of political struggle. From the point of view of the authors of the article, it is objectively necessary to introduce strict political and managerial mechanisms that can ensure the ordering of communication processes in the virtual environment. There are prerequisites for the ideological polarization of society in modern Russia, as in the United States. There is a great danger that during the fateful election campaigns at the federal level the ideological confrontation in social networks may develop into the violent struggle. To prevent the implementation of this negative scenario, a qualitative modernization of the existing regulatory framework in the field of regulation of network communications is required.
Nitrogen (N) and sulphate (S) fertilization in wheat crop: effect on the vigor of seeds produced
Authors: Pimentel João Roberto , Troyjack Cristian , Dubal Ítala Thaísa Padilha , Peter Marcio , Jaques Lanes Beatriz Acosta , Koch Felipe , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Bilhalva Nairiane dos Santos , Dellagostin Simone Morgan , Demari Gustavo Henrique , Lautenchleger Francine , Martinazzo Emanuela Garbin , Pedó Tiago , Aumonde Tiago Zanatta
Published: July 2021

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen in association with sulfur applied in the field and the influence of this fertilization on the vigor of wheat seeds produced and later evaluated in the laboratory. Field experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Caibaté-RS and Pelotas-RS using the TBIO Sinuelo cultivar adapted to all the regions of Rio Grande do Sul. The experimental design was a randomized block design with a 2x5x2 trifractory scheme (cultivation environments x doses of nitrogen x sulfur management) with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of two cultivation environments [Caibaté-RS and Pelotas-RS], five nitrogen doses Urea 45%, [0; 22.5; 45; 67.5 and 90 kg ha-1] applied at the beginning of tillering and sulfur, Sulfuric 90% sulfur, [0 and 60 kg ha-1] applied before sowing, about 7 days. After reaching physiological maturity, the seeds were harvested manually and taken to the seed laboratory. The seeds were dried in a forced ventilation oven at 41ºC until the moisture content stabilized at 12% (wet bulb). We evaluated the first germination count (FGC), accelerated aging (AA), field emergence (FE), shoot length (RL) and seedling root length (SL). The seeds produced in Caibaté-RS have greater vigor in relation to Pelotas-RS. Nitrogen fertilization favors the production of seeds with greater vigor, while sulfur can influence the vigor according to the environment in which the plants are cultivated
Effect of the season on establishment of some turf grasses under the climatic conditions in eastern Morocco
Authors: CHARIF Khadija , MZABRI Ibtissam , RIMANI Maria , BOUKROUTE Azzouz , KOUDDANE Noureddine , BERRICHI Abdelbasset
Published: July 2021

The turfgrass establishment is an important criterion for the choice of turfgrass species. The faster a lawn is established the more benefits it has to offer for landscapers. The objective of this work is to study the growth speed and development of six species. Four of them are cool-season ones (temperate): Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Agrostis stolonifera and Poa pratensis while the other two are warm-season ones (tropical): Pennisetum clandestinum and Cynodon dactylon. The species are seeded in two distinct periods: spring and autumn and are studied under the climatic conditions of the eastern region of Morocco which is characterized by a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with continental tendency known for its severe cold in winter. The coverage rate is the parameter considered in order to determine the duration of establishment for each species. The study was conducted in the experimental station of the Faculty of Sciences of Oujda. The results show that the establishment pace differs depending on the season and the nature of the species. Autumn is the suitable season for temperate species, while tropical species have shown a faster growth in spring. Lolium perenne and Cynodon dactylon are the fastest species to establish as they need a maximum of 30 days after the seedlings’ development. Poa pratensis is the last species to cover the total area seeded within 50 and 60 days during the two season’s spring and autumn respectively
System of forming information and legal worlview of the cadets in a military university
Authors:   Saratov National Research State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky (Saratov), Aleksandrova E.K. , Shakin D.A. ,   Saratov Military Order of G.K. Zhukov Institute of the National Guard of the Russian Federation  holding the Order of the Red Banner (Saratov).
Published: July 2021

The article designs the system to form informational and legal worldview of cadets of the institutes of the National Guard of the Russian Federation (those who are trained in specialty 40.05.01. "Legal support of national security"). The main principles of the designed system are: protopostulates (they form the basis of the hierarchy of the main provisions of the designed system and represent those principles of philosophy that determine and control the course of research in pedagogical science); metapostulates (represent supportive assumptions for educational science); postulates (set the structure of the subject of study and the rules that must be followed in the process of solving the problem). As one of the main postulates of the system, the authors give the provision on the presence of two levels of information and legal worldview. The informational and legal worldview of the first level is interpreted as a subspecies of the professional worldview, and the informational and legal worldview of the second level is interpreted as a subspecies of the professional worldview. The implementation of the system is carried out on the basis of the application of the cognitive-evolutionary approach. The cognitive-evolutionary approach used in pedagogical research for the first time and it is based on the use of the cognitive-evolutionary theory of Piaget in the educational process of a military university. An example of the practical implementation of the system for the formation of an informational and legal worldview when conducting legal cycle lessons for cadets of higher educational institutions of the Russian National Guard troops is given. A feature of the described pedagogical experiment is the use of a cognitive-evolutionary approach in the educational process of a military university, based on the use of scaffolding technology. The application of scaffolding technology is carried out in an organic unity with the case method. The use of the case method, on the one hand, is a reflection of the currently actively developing plot-game paradigm related to topical problems of general and applied ontology, and on the other hand, it organically combines with the idea of identifying three phases in the process of forming an information and legal worldview - phase of prevailing accommodation, phase of choice of a mixed adaptive strategy and phase of prevailing assimilation.
The problem of increasing the efficiency of training gifted schoolchildren for the All-Russian Оlympiad in arts (world art culture) the Republic of Bashkortostan experience
Authors:   Bashkir state pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla (Ufa), Ryabova S.V. , Iskuzhina N.G. ,   Institute for the Development of Education  of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Ufa)
Published: July 2021

The annual All-Russian Olympiads are traditionally considered one of the most promising areas of work with gifted schoolchildren. Recently, due to insufficiently high scores of learners, the Republic of Bashkortostan is not among the leaders among the regions of the Russian Federation in this indicator. This situation can be viewed as a marker of the effectiveness of the education system in general, as well as existing problems in the effectiveness of preparing schoolchildren for events of this level. It became necessary to study the causes and determine the main directions of work with gifted schoolchildren. The article provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Arts (World art culture) in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2020-2021 academic year. The methodological and theoretical approaches to the compilation of Olympiad tasks as a means of diagnosing the formation of subject competencies have been studied. A quantitative analysis of the results of completing the Olympiad tasks at the regional stage revealed the formation of educational, cognitive, information and communication competencies among learners in grades 9-11 at the level of 50% - 60%. The lowest level of training is noted for research and creative competence, which only 30% of learners of this age level possess. The reasons for this situation are associated with the reduction of study time for the study of disciplines of the subject area "Art (World art culture)" and their transfer to the status of elective subjects. Based on the results obtained, the authors came to the conclusion that it is necessary to introduce new approaches to increase the efficiency of training gifted schoolchildren in the subject area "Art (World art culture)".
Unsustainable employment in the academic environment : psychological effects and response vectors.
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M.Akmulla (Ufa)., Chuykova T.S.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses changes in employment, such as: labor intensification, insecure employment, digitalization of labor functions, transition to a managerial management format, McDonaldization of organizations as well as how these features are manifested in the academic environment, to what consequences at the individual and group levels they lead. In conclusion, the author dwells on the results of the international scientific project "The Future of Work", with an emphasis on the role of educational institutions in shaping the preparedness of the employed population for future changes, and also refer to the imperative to ensure social justice in the working environment, voiced by the International Labor Organization.
Karakteristik dan Potensi Enzimatis Bakteri Asal Tanah Sampah Dapur dan Kotoran Ternak sebagai Kandidat Agen Biodegradasi Sampah Organik
Authors: Satwika Taruna Dwi , Yulianti Dwiana Muflihah , Hikam Arif Rahman
Published: July 2021

Composting is an alternative for recycling organic waste. Microorganisms that can degrade the components of organic waste are an essential part of composting. Isolation and selection of bacteria with the ability to degrade the elements of organic waste are the first steps to obtain an organic waste degrading agent. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and the enzymatic potential (cellulolytic, amylolytic, and proteolytic) of bacteria isolated from soil, cow dung and kitchen waste as candidates for organic waste degradation agents. The research begins with sampling and isolation of bacteria. The isolates obtained were tested qualitatively for their amylolytic, cellulolytic and proteolytic activities. Furthermore, bacterial isolates were characterized morphologically and biochemically. A total of 30 bacterial isolates were isolated from soil samples, cow dung and kitchen waste. The screening result showed that 6 isolates had amylolytic activity, 7 isolates had cellulolytic activity and 3 isolates had proteolytic activity. These bacterial isolates showed various morphological and biochemical characteristics. In general, soil samples, kitchen waste and cow dung contain potential bacteria as organic waste degrading agents
Diversitas dan Potensi Jamur Lignolitik Asal Seresah Daun
Authors: Hikam Arif Rahman , Yulianti Dwiana Muflihah , Ginanjar Rhevi Raditya
Published: July 2021

One of the biological agents in the biodegradation of organic waste is fungi. Some fungi have the Lignase enzyme, which can degrade Lignin (one of the main organic waste constituents) into simple sugars. The diversity and potential of organic waste degrading fungi still need much research to obtain potential types of fungi that can be developed in organic waste management. This study aimed to determine the diversity and potential of lignolytic fungi in the biodegradation of organic waste. The research was conducted using a descriptive method to take leaf and soil litter samples, isolate and purify fungi, and test lignolytic potential. Based on the isolation results from leaf litter samples, 16 types of fungal isolates were obtained. The lignolytic potential test was carried out using the Bavendamm method. In screening for potential lignolytic ability using the bavendamm method, 7 isolates were found to be positive. The highest lignolytic activity ratio was SR4BD isolate with a ratio value of 1.9. The results showed that the SR4BD isolate was Fusarium sp.
Determination of chemical oxygen demand in mixed organic solution by Ti/TiO2 nanotube array electrode method
Authors: Li Xiaojiao , Wang Lan , Wang Linshan
Published: July 2021

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a significant parameter for analyzing water quality. However, the detection methods still suffer from the problems of secondary pollution, use of harmful substances, complicated operations, etc. To trace these problems, a Ti/TiO2 nanotube array (NTA) electrode was successfully prepared in this work by the secondary anodic oxidation method. The prepared electrode was used to determine the COD of single- and multi-component solutions (including aniline, rhodamine B, and potassium hydrogen phthalate). The Ti/TiO2 NTA electrode exhibited higher electrochemical oxidation efficiency than the neat Ti one. The electrocatalytic reactions of the target organics on the electrode surface were confirmed to conform to the first-order kinetic process. Within a COD range of 5–150 mg/L, COD value was not only proportional to the anodizing current but also related to organic matter itself. The activation energies of electro-oxidation reaction of different substances differed from each other (An: 14.25 kJ/mol, RhB: 18.56 kJ/mol, and KHP: 35.32 kJ/mol), indicating the differences in their dynamic behaviors on the electrode surface. The related bias obtained for all successive measurements was below ± 5.8%. Therefore, we report a fast, effective, accurate, and well reproducible COD detection method that is feasible for both single-component and multiple-component organic solutions.