bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The significance of exercises in the treatment of chronic low back pain: Literature review
Authors: Stanković Anita
Published: October 2024

Kinesiotherapy, or movement therapy, is the oldest and most significant method in physical medicine. Through purposeful, systematic, and strictly dosed exercises, it can be applied to human health both preventively and therapeutically. Kinesiotherapy aims is to increase strength and improve the function of muscles and joints, which has a positive effect on reducing pain and disability, accelerating recovery, and helping the patient return to regular activities. There are many kinesiotherapy programs, but chronic low back pain remains a persistent medical issue. Numerous clinical studies confirm the importance of kinesiotherapy in the treatment of CLBP. Experimental studies have shown the positive effects of exercise on pain and functionality, compared to passive therapy modalities and rest. However, it remains unclear which exercise program is the most effective, and which combination of exercises is the most beneficial and applicable in clinical practice. An adequate kinesiotherapy program for chronic low back pain should activate and strengthen the stabilizing muscles while protecting the most vulnerable structures (intervertebral discs and facet joints). The most commonly mentioned exercise programs in the literature are those that include lumbar stabilization exercises, also known as core exercises. Panjabi et al. introduced the first concept of the segmental stabilization system, consisting of three subunits: passive, active, and neural. These three subsystems are interdependent, and a dysfunction in one leads to increased functional demands on the others. Bergmark et al. proposed the hypothesis of two primary muscle systems that control movement and contribute to spinal stability: the global and local systems. The global system consists of the primary trunk movers, which do not have a direct impact on stabilization in the lumbar spine. The local system consists of tonic, postural, and stabilizing muscles of the spine: the psoas major, quadratus lumborum, the lumbar portion of the iliocostalis lumborum, lumbar multifidus (LM), internal oblique, and transversus abdominis (TrA) muscles, also known as the muscles of the inner unit. These muscles are shorter and located closer to the axes of rotation. They are directly connected to the vertebrae, allowing them to stabilize spinal movements. Strengthening the inner unit muscles of the lumbar spine and training static muscle contractions properly enhances lumbar segment stability, providing adequate support for the upper portions of the spine. An individually designed and implemented stabilization exercise program is effective in reducing pain and improving the overall functional status of patients with chronic low back pain.
Guidelines for rehydration of children with acute diarrhea
Authors: Radlović Nedeljko , Leković Zoran , Radlović Vladimir , Janković Jovana , Rosić Petar , Mladenović Marija , Elšeik Amar , Radivojević Olga , Čevrljaković Iva
Published: October 2024

Acute diarrhea is a common problem, especially in infants and young children. The most frequent causes are gastrointestinal infections, primarily viral and bacterial, with less common factors being involved. The main complications of the condition are dehydration and negative nutritional balance. The cornerstone of therapy for this condition is the prevention and correction of dehydration, as well as meeting nutritional needs. Depending on the severity of the disorder, fluid and electrolyte replacement is done either intravenously or with oral rehydration solutions, while the diet, except in certain cases, should remain the same as before the onset of the illness.
The role of the hand and the development of disability as a result of workplace injury
Authors: Milovanović Aleksandar , Matković Ivana , Ašković Ana , Iričanin-Radovanović Marija
Published: October 2024

The paper describes a patient who sustained an injury while working as a bookbinder, resulting in the replantation of the second, third and fourth fingers and the re-amputation of the thumb and fifth finger of the left hand, as well as skin grafting for the distal phalanges of the third and fourth fingers of the right hand. At the time of the injury, the patient was on probation with the employer and did not have the status of an insured person with the right to compulsory social insurance based on employment (employee). Due to this, the Injury Report was not completed, and the injury was not recognized as a workplace injury, which prevented the patient from obtaining their rights under compulsory social insurance. The human hand is one of the most powerful tools for achieving the sense of touch, gesticulation, and other various demands, thus playing an extremely important role in life. Thumb injuries can impair overall hand function by 40-50%. For this reason, there has been a need to develop modern technologies for reconstructing amputations over time. In the mid-20th century, microsurgical techniques for toe-to-thumb transfers gained clinical importance and remain one of the most significant approaches to thumb reconstruction. Due to the reduction in work and life activities and to facilitate employment, the patient was referred to the Pension and Disability Insurance Fund Commission at the National Employment Service to obtain the status of a person with a disability.
Valorization of waste agricultural biomass as a fuel for sustainable power production by co-firing
Authors: Belošević Srđan , Tomanović Ivan , Milićević Aleksandar , Crnomarković Nenad , Stojanović Andrijana
Published: October 2024

Waste agricultural biomass, like the crop residue, is an abundant indigenous renewable energy source in Serbia. As such, the agricultural residue might be utilized for sustainable power production. Direct co-combustion of biomass with coal/lignite offers a viable option to remove this kind of waste and, in the same time, to use its energy potential, mitigate harmful emissions and retrofit existing coal-fired power plants cost-effectively. However, there are serious issues regarding the waste management and the co-firing process itself, yet to be solved. The main aim of this paper is to present benefits and challenges of co-firing the waste agricultural biomass, as a promising technology for biomass valorization and decarbonization in energy, focusing the agricultural residues energy potential, as well as characteristics, preparation and efficient utilization of the biomass as an alternative fuel in power sector.
Technological and organizational shifts caused by wars, natural disasters, and industrial accidents
Authors: Marković Branko , Ilić Dejan , Ilić Ivana
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to show cause-and-effect relationships between security and operational risks, key security incidents, and/or security paradigm shifts due to good warfighting practices and how new or evolved technical systems and organizational practices have subsequently emerged. As the evolution of technical systems depends on several factors, the aim is to give the context of the evolution and explain how it influenced the evolution of technical systems and the subsequent change of the organization. Also, for some of the mentioned systems, a forecast of future development was made taking into account the known limitations, and a prediction of the outcome for the mentioned technologies and organizational models in the foreseeable future was given.
Dynamics of Perceptions among Self-Employed Business Owners on Tax Collection Models in Tanzania.
Authors: John Jovin
Published: October 2024

Tax compliance issues among self-employed business owners in Tanzania arise from complex and inequitable tax models, exacerbated by inconsistent enforcement and poor policy communication. This study investigates the dynamics of tax collection models in Tanzania, focusing on the perceptions of self-employed business owners across key regions, including Tanga, Dodoma, Arusha, and Mbeya. Drawing on findings from the TAPACO research project, the research employs a mixed-methods approach grounded in pragmatism a philosophy that emphasizes practical solutions. The sample size consists of 150 participants, with data gathered through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews representing various sectors within these regions. Entrepreneurial theories such as the Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) Theory, Resource-Based View (RBV), and Theory of Entrepreneurial Alertness are utilized to frame the analysis of how self-employed business owners perceive tax estimates, bylaws, policies, the regulatory framework, and the tax collection environment. EO Theory explores how entrepreneurs’ risk-taking behaviors and reactivity to changes in the tax environment influence compliance decisions, The RBV examines how entrepreneurs strategically utilize their resources, particularly in making decisions about tax payments and investments in compliance technologies like Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs). The findings indicate that self-employed business owners in Tanzania face significant challenges with tax compliance, driven by inaccuracies in tax assessments, corruption within tax enforcement agencies, and a lack of training and infrastructure for adopting Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs). These factors, combined with poor communication of tax policies and regulations, have resulted in widespread non-compliance. The study concludes that effective tax compliance strategies must consider the entrepreneurial behaviors influenced by resource availability, risk tolerance, and alertness to regulatory changes. The study recommends strengthening anti-corruption frameworks within tax enforcement agencies, including regular audits, ethical training for task force members, and protections for whistleblowers. Transparency in tax collection operations is essential for rebuilding trust and encouraging voluntary compliance.
Exploring Barriers to the Implementation of Problem-Based Learning Pedagogy in Ordinary Secondary School Mathematics in Tanzania
Authors: Kikomelo Sikutegemea
Published: October 2024

Globally, a significant body of literature ratifies Problem-Based Learning (PBL) as a promising pedagogical approach to enhance mathematics performance in schools. Tanzania, among other countries, has adopted and integrated PBL into its educational framework to improve students’ academic performance. Despite these efforts, the failure rate in mathematics has consistently exceeded 75% in Tanzania's Certificate of Secondary School Education Examination over the past decade. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) explore teachers’ perceptions of the barriers facing them in implementing PBL pedagogy in secondary schools and (ii) explore the barriers to implementing PBL pedagogy as perceived by students in secondary schools. This study employed a qualitative research approach and a case study research design in which simple purposive sampling technique was used to select eight (8) mathematics teachers and forty eighty (48) form four students from secondary schools in Arusha city council. Interview and Focus group discussion were used to collect data on the barriers for effective implementation of PBL pedagogy. Findings from thematic analysis revealed that large class sizes, a shortage of mathematics teachers, insufficient instructional time, inadequate teaching and learning materials, and competence insufficient to implement PBL pedagogy were the barriers. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology improve the teaching and learning environment, providing in-service training to mathematics teachers on PBL pedagogy and employing more mathematics teachers in schools.
O popular em registro: universidades, museus e imagens em jogos de patrimonialização no Nordeste
Authors: Nogueira Antonio Gilberto Ramos
Published: October 2024

Em meio a jogos de patrimonialização, o objetivo deste artigo é pontuar alguns movimentos de registro e estudos da arte e da cultura populares do Nordeste, nos anos de 1960, com enfoque no papel das universidades. Após tomarmos como objeto de análise a construção dos sentidos do popular no Movimento Folclórico Brasileiro-MFB, analisamos a mobilização do conceito de cultura popular presente nas experiências do Museu de Arte da Universidade Federal do Ceará-MAUC, na criação do Museu de Arte Popular da Universidade Federal da Bahia-MAP e no Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros-IEB da Universidade de São Paulo-USP. No estudo, situamos o jogo com imagens do popular que fazem via, respectivamente, a formação da Coleção de Arte Popular, a montagem de exposições do Nordeste e o registro audiovisual pelo cinema documentário.
Métodos criativos no ensino de arte:nuances entre o utópico e o vital
Authors: Damiani Sarah Rodrigues , Sanmartin Stela Maris
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo discorre sobre práticas de aprendizagem criativa, observadas na disciplina de Estágio em Docência, no curso de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Arte - PPGA UFES. A investigação descrita neste texto apresenta métodos de ensino pautados na criatividade e em processos de criação em arte. Inspirados nos projetos utópicos dos artistas Ilya e Emilia Kabakov (1998-2018), os percursos metodológicos são elaborados em diálogo com os ativadores criativos do autor David de Prado Díez (1987). Neste sentido, caminhos são traçados por meio do método Solução Criativa de Problemas em direção a uma abordagem pedagógica vital
A prática no ensino da arte em contextos escolares: questões iniciais para um debate cada vez mais necessário
Authors: Momoli Daniel Bruno
Published: October 2024

O texto apresenta os resultados iniciais de um exercício de desmontagem das relações entre arte, educação e formação docente em artes visuais. Essa atitude metodológica toma como princípio as abordagens investigativas denominadas de pós-críticas. Ao trabalhar no desencaixe dos saberes que constituem o ensino da arte no contexto da educação básica, me deparei com um tema que tem sido deixado de lado em nossas discussões: a prática. Sem o intuito de querer apontar um caminho a ser seguido, me interessa apresentar os questionamentos que vêm sendo construído sobre o tema, ao mesmo tempo em que aponto as vias que podem nos oferecer pistas para recuperar uma possível dimensão poética para a docência em arte na escola, menos técnica e mais inventiva, menos instrumentalizadora e mais aberta à experimentação. Ao final do texto, são apresentadas questões que buscam ampliar esse debate interessado em compreender o lugar da prática no ensino da arte.
Non-Recognition and Non-Assistance
Authors: Goldmann Matthias
Published: October 2024

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) not only made it crystal clear that Israeli occupation is illegal in every respect – by itself a challenge for Western foreign offices as they face reproaches for double standards. The Court also added a number of paragraphs detailing the legal consequences of the Advisory Opinion for UN Member States.
Centrífuga com HD controlada pelo Arduino para explorar física e eletrônica
Authors: Mannrich João Paulo , Neves Junior Othon da Rocha
Published: October 2024

Neste trabalho, apresentamos a construção de uma centrífuga feita com um disco rígido usado. Além de poder ser utilizada em laboratórios de biologia e química, sua construção possui potencial para o ensino de fenômenos de física, eletrônica e programação, bem como para compor um laboratório escolar. O dispositivo pode ser associado ao movimento biohacker, vinculado à ideia da ciência de código aberto. Trata-se de uma junção de práticas de biologia e biotecnologia associadas à ética hacker. Seus praticantes defendem a ideia de que todos podem fazer ciência e buscam alternativas de baixo custo para contribuir com a democratização da ciência.
Audiovisual Speech Recognition Method Based on Connectionism
Authors: Che Na , Zhu Yiming , Adetunji Femi , Dlamini Khanyisa , Shi Lijuan , Zeng Xianwei
Published: October 2024

Audio-visual speech recognition technology has greatly improved the performance of pure speech recognition by combining visual speech information and acoustic speech information, but there are problems such as large data demand, audio and video data alignment, and noise robustness. Scholars have proposed many solutions to these problems. Among them, deep learning algorithms, as representatives of connectionist artificial intelligence technology, have good generalization ability and portability, and are easier to migrate to different tasks and fields. They are becoming one of the mainstream technologies for audio-visual speech recognition. This paper mainly studies and analyzes the application of deep learning technology in the field of audio-visual speech recognition, especially the audio-visual speech recognition model of the end-to-end framework. Through experimental comparative analysis, relevant data sets and evaluation methods are summarized, and finally hot issues that need to be further studied and solved are proposed.
A review of research on the development of low-orbit Internet constellations
Authors: Shufang Wu , Wei Wang , G.R. Faes Matthias , Yuedong Wu
Published: October 2024

In recent years, with the surge in Internet users, innovative companies such as SpaceX and OneWeb have planned to build low-orbit Internet constellations, triggering a global boom in the development of low-orbit satellite Internet constellations. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the development of low-orbit Internet constellations at home and abroad and the technical difficulties currently faced by low-orbit Internet constellations in their development. This paper first introduces three representative low-orbit Internet constellation plans abroad (Starlink, OneWeb, Lightspeed) and the latest development of domestic constellations. Then, based on the characteristics of low-orbit Internet constellations, the five major technical challenges faced by low-orbit Internet constellations are analyzed in detail: constellation relative motion evolution prediction, constellation autonomous navigation and orbit determination, constellation variable path planning, constellation self-organization collaborative control, constellation communication and network services. Finally, based on the current development trend of low-orbit Internet constellations, suggestions are given for the development of low-orbit Internet constellations in my country based on my country's national conditions.
Inventory Decisions Considering Returns in Omni-channel Retailing
Authors: Ruizhen Xie , Yao Zhang
Published: October 2024

Omni-channel retail is a new model that is achieved by integrating online stores and offline physical stores. The inventory decision problem considering returns under omni-channel retail is studied in two cases: considering same-channel returns under omni-channel retail and considering cross-channel returns under omni-channel retail. Based on the consideration of consumer returns and resale of returned products, the newsboy model is used to construct inventory decision models with the goal of maximizing retailer profits and analyze the models. Numerical analysis shows that the online store return ratio and the cross-channel return ratio have a significant impact on the inventory and profit of the retailer's offline physical stores and online stores. In particular, when the cross-selling profit is large, the cross-channel return ratio increases, and the retailer's profit increases accordingly, but the retailer's profit may decrease with the increase of the online store return ratio.
How does informed trading affect credit bond spreads: Evidence from China's interbank bond market
Authors: Yanyi Ye , Xiaoguang Yang
Published: October 2024

China's interbank bond market is an institutional investor market, and transactions are more information-based. Whether and how informed trading can affect credit bond pricing is an urgent problem to be solved in the study of China's bond asset pricing. This paper uses credit bond issuance and trading data and stock high-frequency trading data from May 2014 to December 2020 to construct informed trading probability and bond liquidity indicators. Using regression analysis and adjustment and mediation effect test methods, this paper studies the impact of informed trading on China's interbank credit bond pricing and the channel role of liquidity. The results show that the probability of informed trading has a significant positive impact on credit bond spreads. Informed trading leads to an increase in credit bond spreads by amplifying bond illiquidity. The amplifying effect of informed trading on credit bond spreads is stronger for bonds with high illiquidity. The amplifying effect of informed trading on credit bond spreads will be stronger in private enterprises, enterprises with low information transparency, and high debt ratios. This study reveals the risk nature of informed trading in China's interbank bond market, which helps to deepen the understanding and management of the bond market.
Aircraft skin defect detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv8
Authors: Dongping Zhang , Zhutao Wang , Yuejian Xia , Yunchao Xu , Lili Lin
Published: October 2024

To solve the problem that the traditional aircraft skin defect detection relies on human eye observation, which leads to reduced efficiency due to human eye fatigue and limited individual cognition, an aircraft skin defect detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv8 is proposed. The data enhancement method is improved, and a slice reasoning + mosaic data enhancement method is proposed; the residual block is integrated into the feature extraction network to enhance the network expression ability and improve the accuracy of the model in the aircraft skin defect detection task; the three-branch (Triplet) attention module is applied to improve the feature fusion network to reduce the false detection rate and missed detection rate of small target samples; the structure of the detection head is optimized so that the network can better combine shallow information with deep information. Experimental results show that compared with the latest YOLOv8 algorithm, the improved algorithm improves the mean average precision (mAP) and recall rate (Recall) on the aircraft skin defect dataset by 3.6%and respectively 3.7%; and improves the mean average precision and recall rate on the public dataset VOC2007 by 2.9%and 2.2%.
Finite-time robust control of morphing aircraft based on time-varying observer
Authors: Bing Sun , Wei Chen
Published: October 2024

Morphable vehicles have strong nonlinear, strong coupling and strong time-varying characteristics in the process of variation, which brings great challenges to the design of their flight control systems. To address this problem, a time-varying gain extended state observer is proposed to accurately approximate the system coupling terms. Combining adaptive backstepping control technology and finite-time control theory, a finite-time bounded robust adaptive controller is designed. By designing the barrier Lyapunov function, the actual control law and the adaptive network update law are obtained step by step, ensuring that the system command tracking error can converge to a predetermined range within a finite time. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed control system is verified by attitude control simulation. The simulation results show that the morphable vehicle can track the command signal well in the process of variation and is basically not affected by the variation rate.
Modulation strategy design method for single-inductor multi-port converter based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Jingbo Bai , Yu Chen , Shiyu Xie , Xinwei Dai
Published: October 2024

Single-inductor multi-port converters have the characteristics of "more silicon and less magnetism" and have great application potential in many fields. However, single-inductor multi-port converters have many switching modes and the modulation strategy design is complex. The current design method is to manually select the switching mode sequence and perform modal analysis. The design process requires power electronics expertise and experience. This paper proposes a modulation strategy design method for single-inductor multi-port converters based on reinforcement learning. This method uses a neural network to generate the modulation strategy and adopts a set of simple rules to provide rewards for training the neural network. Through reinforcement learning, the neural network can summarize experience in trial and error without human intervention and finally generate the optimal modulation strategy. This method has many advantages: (1) It only requires known conditions such as port voltage and converter structure as input, and some simple constraints as rewards, avoiding complicated manual design; (2) It can use a neural network to generate the optimal modulation strategy under different operating conditions, and has strong adaptability. Based on this method, a modulation strategy design for a single-inductor multi-port converter is carried out, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by experiments.
VMD-HPCA-GRU ultra-short-term wind power forecasting based on COOT algorithm
Authors: Xingyue He , Jing Yang , Brown William , Baker Michael , Tao Qin
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of ultra-short-term wind power, a combined prediction model of variational mode decomposition (VMD), hierarchical principal component analysis (HPCA) and gated recurrent unit neural network (GRU) based on COOT algorithm optimization is proposed. Firstly, the energy difference method is used to determine the number of sub-modes of variational mode decomposition, so that the original power sequence with strong nonlinearity is decomposed into a group of relatively stable sub-modes. Secondly, the correlation value between high-dimensional meteorological characteristics and power sequence is calculated by grey correlation analysis and sorted and layered. The first principal component of each layered characteristic variable is extracted by principal component analysis to achieve dimensionality reduction of high-dimensional meteorological characteristics. Finally, the COOT algorithm is introduced to optimize the hyperparameters of the gated recurrent unit prediction model, accelerate the model convergence speed, and improve the prediction accuracy of the model. The measured data of a wind farm in Guizhou are simulated and analyzed. The results show that compared with the prediction results of the traditional GRU model, the root mean square error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error of the proposed method are reduced 67.41%、72.25%、45.69%, and the prediction accuracy is higher than that of the other four combined prediction models, which effectively improves the prediction accuracy of ultra-short-term wind power.
Dehazing network based on residual context attention and cross-layer fusion
Authors: Yan Yang , Fei Chen
Published: October 2024

Current image dehazing algorithms based on deep learning usually use traditional convolutional layers when extracting features, which easily causes the loss of image details and edge information, ignores the position information of the image when extracting features, and ignores the original information of the image when fusing features, and cannot restore high-quality haze-free images with complete structure and clarity. To address this problem, a dehazing algorithm based on residual context attention and cross-layer feature fusion is proposed. Firstly, the residual group structure is obtained by serializing the proposed residual context blocks, and the features of the first two layers of the network, i.e., the shallow layers, are extracted to obtain rich context information of the shallow layers; secondly, coordinate attention is introduced to establish an attention map with position information, and it is applied to the residual context feature extraction and placed in the third layer of the network, i.e., the deep layer, to extract deeper semantic information; then, in the middle layer of the network, feature information from different resolution streams is fused across layers to enhance the information exchange between the shallow and deep layers to achieve the purpose of feature enhancement; finally, the features with rich semantic information obtained by the network are aggregated with the original input, thereby improving the restoration effect. Experimental results on the RESIDE dataset and the Haze4K dataset show that the proposed algorithm achieves good results in both visual effects and objective indicators.
Autonomous longitudinal separation control of aircraft in random wind fields based on MPC
Authors: Xinmin Tang , Xiaona Lu
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problem of autonomous longitudinal separation under random disturbance of flight path, the random factor of high-altitude wind often leads to poor robustness of longitudinal separation between two aircraft. This paper proposes an autonomous longitudinal separation control method for aircraft based on model predictive control. Firstly, the nonlinear kinematic differential equation of the wind field difference between the two aircraft and the longitudinal separation is established, and the linear time-varying prediction model is derived. The longitudinal separation and path deviation distance of the two aircraft are selected as the optimization objectives, the high-altitude wind is the random disturbance, and the true airspeed and yaw angle of the leading aircraft are measurable. Terminal equality constraints are added to the air safety and aircraft performance constraints to maintain the stability of the system. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, within the prescribed simulation time of 120 seconds, this paper sets three groups of different expected intervals 12, 13, 14km. Through the designed MPC controller, by controlling the true airspeed and yaw angle of the trailing aircraft within the rolling time domain period, the interval curve between the two aircraft is relatively smooth and is always not less than the minimum safety interval of 10 km. It stabilizes at the expected target interval at the 74th, 90th and 118th seconds respectively, and begins to return to the route at the 58th, 74th and 95th seconds, and finally returns to the center line of the route; two groups of wind field control groups are set up, one group is the forecast wind intensity increased by 2 times, and the other group is the turbulent wind disturbance intensity increased by 8 times. Both can smoothly and stably establish the expected interval of 12 km at the 61st and 72nd seconds respectively.
Damage distribution of composite structures of a certain type of aircraft
Authors: Jinxin Deng , Lin Chen , Sitong Lu , Yuxin Hou , Wenjun Huang , Xiaoquan Cheng
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the damage and repair of aircraft composite structures, the applications and damage of composite structures in a certain type of aircraft, including the wing, fuselage and other components, were counted. Solid laminates (integral panels) and sandwich laminates are typical composite structural forms in the aircraft. Structural damage distribution models with time variable were established, and then the damage distributions of the structures were fitted and tested by structural methods. The results show that the quantitative proportions of damage are 75% for skin delamination, 20% for stringer delamination and 4% for stringer debonding. Lognormal distribution, Weibull distribution and Gamma distribution can all be used to fit the geometric parameter distributions of the three types of structural damage, in which the Lognormal distribution model has the best fitting effect. The distribution of structural damage geometric parameters of one aircraft does not vary with time, and the distributions of geometric parameters of the structural damage between the same type aircraft are also highly similar, which can be expressed in a unified function form.
An Enhanced Algorithm for Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Using Discrete Sparrow Optimization and Rough Set Theory
Authors: Ning Zhou , Martins Roberto A. , Songlin Zhang , Chen Zhang
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the shortcomings of the sparrow search algorithm, such as it is easy to fall into local optimum and unable to solve discrete optimization problems, an improved discrete sparrow search algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the position update formula of the original sparrow search algorithm is abstracted, a new discrete heuristic position update strategy is designed according to the different identities of individuals, and the encoding and decoding methods are designed for the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem; Secondly, the rough data-deduction theory is introduced, and the feasibility and rationality of the above theory are explained by mathematical proofs, which provides theoretical support for the algorithm and improves the interpretability; Then, the nature of upper approximation is adopted to expand the search space, improve the population diversity, avoid prematurity of the algorithm, combine division and rough data-deduction to propose three strategies to promote information sharing among populations, regulate the exploitation ability and exploration ability of populations, and reduce the probability of the algorithm falling into local optimum; Finally, the improved discrete sparrow search algorithm is used to solve the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem. Simulation experiments are carried out on three small-scale practical examples and Liao's classic test set to verify the feasibility of the improved discrete sparrow search algorithm to solve the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem, and to prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm and the effectiveness of the improved strategy through comparison experiments with other algorithms.
Dependability of Osstell ISQ's for measuring implant stability
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, Goenka Research Institute of Dental Science, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India, Parmar Vijay , Elhammali Nureldeen AN ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sirte University, Libya, Mohammed Omar Basheer Altaher ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sebha Dental Faculty, Sebha University, Libya, Chauhan Meghna ,   Department of Dentistry, World College of Medical Sciences & Research and Hospital, Jhajjar, Haryana, India, Gupta Pushkar ,   Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, MP, India, Manas Abhigyan ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Babu Banarsi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India, Raj Ankita ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Chetani Hrithik ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India
Published: October 2024

Determining the optimal loading schedule and measuring implant stability at different times are critical tasks. Numerous tools have been created to assess implant-bone stability as a sign of a well-treated implant. Thus, the objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the validity of the Osstell ISQ system for assessing implant stability. Osstell ISQ was used to complete implant stability registers for 60 implants across 18 patients. Two distinct SmartPegs (types I and II) were used to complete six measurements on each implant, or three measurements in a row with each transducer. In the 1st, 2nd, and 3rdmeasurements with SmartPegs I and II, the average ISQ was 71.36, 71.31, and 71.65, and 71.02, 71.58, and 71.76, respectively. For SmartPegs I and II, equivalent values or variations below three ISQ points were found in 46.3% and 58.6% of the cases, respectively. Both SmartPegs had an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96, and they also had repeatability and reproducibility of 0.96. An intra-class correlation coefficient analysis reveals nearly excellent repeatability and reproducibility for the RFA system Osstell ISQ. Measurements of Osstell ISQ have excellent repeatability.
A review on modern prosthodontic practice using laser
Authors:   Department of Dentistry, AIIMS (All India Institute Of Medical Sciences), Kalyani, West Bengal, India, Arul Queen Alice , Debnath Dipanjan ,   Department of Dentistry, AIIMS (All India Institute Of Medical Sciences), Kalyani, West Bengal, India, Mahalingam Padmapriya ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Government Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: October 2024

Lasers are a very appealing technology in many areas of dentistry because of their minimally invasive nature, quick tissue interaction & response, and ability to heal. Numerous investigations on the possible uses of lasers in dentistry have been carried out since Maiman developed the ruby laser in 1960. Numerous applications such as quick prototyping and computer-aided design, and the study of occlusion in complete denture using three-dimensional laser scanning has been used to develop dentures. Its uses are numerous from fixed prosthodontics to dentinal hypersensitivity treatment to surface treatment of base metal alloys. These days, it even encompasses maxillofacial prosthodontics and dental implantology. Hence, it is of interest to review the use of lasers in clinical prosthodontics.
Perfil de actividad física y motivaciones para el ejercicio en estudiantes universitarios: un análisis integral
Authors: Méndez Urresta Edgar Marcelo , Ortiz Arciniega José Luis , Méndez Carvajal Erika Priscila , Méndez Carvajal Vanessa Carolina
Published: October 2024

La investigación abordó la dificultad de establecer una relación clara entre la motivación y el nivel de actividad física, dada la variabilidad de las motivaciones y la influencia de múltiples factores. Su objetivo fue examinar estas relaciones entre estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Técnica del Norte. Se seleccionaron 942 participantes de seis carreras de la Facultad de Educación Ciencia y Tecnología mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) para evaluar el nivel de actividad física y el Autoinforme de Barreras para la Práctica de Ejercicio Físico (AMPEF) para determinar las motivaciones. Se observó que el 53,4% tenía niveles moderados de actividad física, siendo los hombres quienes mostraron niveles más altos que las mujeres. Las motivaciones predominantes se relacionaron con la salud, el control del estrés y la afiliación, con ligeras diferencias entre sexos, pero no entre carreras. El coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (ρ=0,373) sugirió una correlación moderada a baja entre actividad física y motivación en general, con resultados más favorables al analizar cada factor motivacional y carrera por separado. Estos hallazgos destacaron la importancia de entender estas relaciones en diferentes contextos y tienen implicaciones importantes para el diseño de programas de promoción de la actividad física en entornos universitarios.
Factores internos de la gerencia estratégica para fortalecer la docencia integral en instituciones Educativas rurales.
Authors: García-Ayala Edith Meker , García-Rincón Elizabeth Coromoto
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general identificar los factores internos de la gerencia estratégica para fortalecer la docencia integral en instituciones Educativas rurales del municipio de Barrancabermeja, departamento de Santander, Colombia. El estudio se desarrolló utilizando el enfoque positivista con método cuantitativo. El trabajo fue de tipo descriptiva, de campo, no experimental, transeccional. La población estuvo integrada por 7 directivos y 73 docentes. Se utilizó un instrumento de nueve ítems, y 5 opciones de respuestas, validado por el juicio de expertos. Para la confiabilidad se aplicó la fórmula Alfa de Cronbach donde índice fue de 0,9309, indicando que el instrumento es Altamente confiable. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva (Fa y Fr), con el promedio o media aritmética. Como resultado se obtuvo que los factores internos se encuentren (de manera general), presentes en las instituciones Educativas rurales estudiadas, destacando que el factor Tecnología se mostró poco presente. Se concluyó, identificando los factores internos de la gerencia estratégica para fortalecer la docencia integra, considerando los factores internos Estructura organizativa, Sistema de información, así como, Talento humano que se identificaron como presente, y sólo la Tecnología se opera algunas veces en dentro de las instituciones estudiadas, del municipio y departamento, antes mencionado.
La evaluación de la ley en el Ecuador
Authors: Moyón Sánchez Luis Andrés , Alvarez Basantes Karina , Alvarez Basantes Liseth , Gallegos Santillán Doris
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el proceso de evaluación de leyes en Ecuador, centrándose en la importancia de la participación ciudadana, la sistematización de información y la generación de informes no vinculantes. La metodología empleada consistió en el análisis de contenido, técnica de investigación cualitativa que permitió identificar las secciones relacionadas con las fases de ejecución y la fase final del proceso de evaluación de leyes en la Asamblea Nacional ecuatoriana. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que el proceso de evaluación de leyes en Ecuador se caracteriza por la participación de diversos actores, como autoridades, organizaciones de la sociedad civil y la ciudadanía en general. Se destacó la importancia de recopilar información precisa y verificada para elaborar informes técnicos que contribuyan a la mejora continua de la gestión legislativa y la prestación de servicios públicos. En conclusión, la evaluación de leyes en Ecuador se presenta como un mecanismo fundamental para garantizar la calidad de la legislación y su efectiva aplicación en beneficio de la sociedad. La transparencia, la sistematización de datos y la generación de informes claros y objetivos son aspectos clave para fortalecer este proceso y promover una cultura de evaluación legislativa efectiva
Competencias digitales en docentes de educación básica elemental de la Unidad Educativa San Vicente Ferrer, Puyo, Ecuador
Authors: Tituaña Toapanta Irma Janneth , Yazuma Chávez Marjorie Vilmania , Villegas Mayorga Lorena Elizabeth , Echeverría Zúñiga Viviana Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Actualmente, el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la esfera educativa conlleva a replantear paradigmas que impulsen el desarrollo del aprendizaje con la participación de los docentes con competencias digitales para asumir nuevos retos. No obstante, resulta necesario incentivar y alinear estas competencias con las técnicas pedagógicas y de contenido. En Ecuador la educación básica elemental abarca los niveles desde segundo hasta cuarto grado; en ellos se introducen disciplinas básicas en función de desarrollar el pensamiento lógico a partir de ampliar, consolidar y profundizar nuevos conocimientos. Es por ello que, el objetivo de la investigación es evaluar el comportamiento de las competencias digitales en docentes de Educación Básica Elemental de la Unidad Educativa San Vicente Ferrer, Puyo, Pastaza. En el estudio se adopta un enfoque mixto de tipo descriptivo y trasversal no experimental. Se realiza un diagnóstico inicial y se aplica un cuestionario para evaluar el estado de las competencias digitales de los profesores. A pesar de que los valores se concentran en puntuaciones altas, de manera particular se evidencian carencias en lo referido a las competencias digitales didácticas–metodológicas, las cuales son fundamentales para aplicar las tecnologías en el contexto docente. Estos resultados constituyen el sustento de las acciones propuestas, las cuales se orientan a solventar o minimizar las limitantes identificadas.
Gamificación en el desarrollo de las competencias del currículo priorizado para la enseñanza de la Lengua y Literatura
Authors: Gordillo Gordillo Ávaro Remigio , Calderón Vélez Milton Leonel
Published: October 2024

Se presenta una investigación de tipo mixto que tiene como objetivo evaluar la incidencia de la gamificación en el desarrollo de competencias del currículo priorizado en la enseñanza de la Lengua y Literatura en octavo año, con el propósito del fortalecimiento del aprendizaje y el logro de los objetivos educativos. El estudio consistió en una evaluación de impacto con 154 estudiantes del nivel básico superior de la Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional Salesiana Sánchez y Cifuentes de la ciudad de Ibarra. Estos fueron divididos de la siguiente manera: un grupo de 77 alumnos instruidos con gamificación (tratamiento) y otro de 77 alumnos sin gamificación (control). En el proceso se emplearon técnicas como la observación, una prueba de rendimiento académico y encuestas de satisfacción metodológica y socioemocional. Los datos revelan que la aplicación de la gamificación en el currículo para la enseñanza de la Lengua y Literatura es positiva para los aprendizajes. Su importancia metodológica radica en la mejora del rendimiento académico y en la satisfacción personal y grupal de los estudiantes dentro del salón de clases.
Constitutional Law in the Context of Legal Culture
Authors: Postnikov Alexander
Published: October 2024

Constitutional law and legal culture are fundamental and, at the same time, interdependent elements of the legal system of a state. The relevance of research on the development of constitutional law in the context of legal culture is dictated not only by the needs of developing the theory and doctrine of constitutional law but also by contemporary legislative practice and law enforcement, within which a utilitarian approach often prevails. According to this approach, when determining the priorities of legal regulation and the state's legal policy, the goals and tasks that do not sufficiently take into account the achievements and the general level of legal culture of Russian society are placed at the forefront. Meanwhile, legal culture largely shapes the communication for effective interaction between the state and the citizen, civil society institutions. It is the starting environment in which constitutional law ideas are born and developed. At the same time, legal culture significantly determines how these ideas are implemented, as well as specific norms of constitutional law. Such close connections between constitutional law and legal culture direct the analysis of constitutional law in a broad sense as a phenomenon that includes not only the norms and institutions of constitutional law but also the objectified constitutional law culture. Research in this direction also allows us to identify that violation of the specified interrelations has negative consequences for the development and functioning of the legal state model in our country.