bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Rainfall Data Aggregation Time on Pluvial Flood Hazard in Urban Watersheds
Authors: Lompi Marco , Tamagnone Paolo , Pacetti Tommaso , Morbidelli Renato , Caporali Enrica
Published: February 2022

Pluvial floods occur when heavy rainstorms cause the surcharge of the sewer network drainage, representing one of the most impacting natural hazard in urban watersheds. Pluvial flood hazard is usually assessed considering the effect of annual maxima rainfall of short duration, comparable with the typical concentration times of small urban watersheds. However, short duration annual maxima can be affected by an error of underestimation due to the time resolution as well as the aggregation time of the rainfall time series. This study aims at determining the impact of rainfall data aggregation on pluvial flood hazard assessment. Tuscany region (Central Italy) is selected as a case study to perform the assessment of the annual maxima rainfall underestimation error, since the entire region has the same temporal aggregation of rainfall data. Pluvial flood hazard is then evaluated for an urban watershed in the city of Florence (Tuscany) comparing the results obtained using observed (uncorrected) and corrected annual maxima rainfall as meteorological forcing. The results show how the design of rainfall events with a duration of 30 min or shorter is significantly affected by the temporal aggregation, highlighting the importance of correcting annual maxima rainfall for a proper pluvial flood hazard evaluation.
Hydrogeochemical Characteristic of Geothermal Water and Precursory Anomalies along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China
Authors: Yan Yucong , Zhou Xiaocheng , Liao Lixia , Tian Jiao , Li Ying , Shi Zheming , Liu Fengli , Ouyang Shupei
Published: February 2022

Hydrogeochemical changes in association with earthquakes are considered as a potential means of identifying earthquake precursors. The Xianshuihe fault zone (XSHF) is considered one of the most active seismic fault zones in China; 43 hot springs were sampled and analysed in the laboratory for major elements, silica, stable isotopes (δD and δ18O) and strontium isotopes were investigated from 2008 to 2021. The meteoric water acted as the primary water source of the hot spring in the XSHF, and recharged elevations ranged from 1.9 to 4.8 km. The geothermometers method was used to estimate the region of thermal storage temperature and its temperature between 8 and 142 °C. And the circulation depth ranged from 0.1 to 6.9 km. Most of the hot spring water was immature water with a weak degree of water-rock reaction. However, the degree of water-rock reaction and the depth of hot spring water circulation were high in part of the Kangding and Daufu segments, which also had the highest reservoir temperature and the most frequent strong earthquakes. Temporal variations of hydrogeochemical showed that Na+, Cl− and SO42− decreased obviously following the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 and existed abnormal value fluctuations from the 20 April 2013 Lushan Ms7.0 to 22 November 2014 Kangding Ms6.3 occurred and after 20 July 2017 returned to the normal levels. And the ion concentrations in hot springs increased by 5% to 35% three months before 22 November 2014 Kangding Ms6.3 with the obvious precursor anomaly. Hydrogeochemical anomalies could be useful for predicting an earthquake in the study area.
Periphytic Ciliate Communities in Lake Ecosystem of Temperate Riverine Floodplain: Variability in Taxonomic and Functional Composition and Diversity with Seasons and Hydrological Changes
Authors: Vlaičević Barbara , Gulin Vesna , Matoničkin Kepčija Renata , Turković Čakalić Ivana
Published: February 2022

Periphytic ciliate communities of riverine floodplains have hardly been studied, although they play an important role in aquatic food webs and contribute to the overall ecosystem functioning. In this study we analyzed the taxonomic and functional composition and diversity of these communities across all seasons and hydrological phases. The study was conducted in a floodplain lake, a part of the large natural Danube floodplain, from February 2015 to September 2016. We found that higher temperature and hydrologically stable conditions during the lake isolation phase, when a high amount of suspended food is available, result in the highest ciliate abundances and dominance of relatively large suspension-feeding ciliates, mainly peritrichs, which could serve as good bioindicators for detecting disturbances in river-floodplain ecosystems. During the flow pulse phase, associated with lower temperatures, and during the phase of extreme floods, when the availability of suspended food was largely reduced, small surface-feeding ciliates prevailed in the periphyton. Further, while the total ciliate abundance was the lowest, the highest taxonomic and functional diversity was found, especially during an intermediate level of hydrological connectivity (flow pulse). Our results confirm the importance of different levels of hydrological connectivity for maintaining biodiversity in riverine floodplains and add to a growing awareness of the need to preserve the natural hydrological regimes of large rivers.
Responses of Macroinvertebrate Communities to Hydromorphological Restoration of Headwater Streams in Brittany
Authors: Omoniyi Gbenga E. , Piscart Christophe , Pellan Laura , Bergerot Benjamin
Published: February 2022

Indices of fauna communities, including macroinvertebrates, have been widely used as indicators of environmental changes in streams with great success. However, in the evaluations of in-stream restorations, results from the deployment of macroinvertebrate community indices as bio-indicators have been inconclusive, with scanty evidence for success. This study aims to determine if in headwater streams, and particularly according to the type of in-stream restoration studied (i.e., suppression of concrete pipe), bio-indicators based on macroinvertebrate can be relevant. We monitored three headwater stream reaches where artificial structures constituting hydromorphological impairments to the streams were removed. We collected macroinvertebrate samples from impacted stream sections and control sites established along the streams. Samples were collected before and after the restoration activities, in a before-after-control-impact (BACI) study design. We used two macroinvertebrate-based multimetric tools (I2M2 and ERA) to evaluate the ecological status of the streams, based on macroinvertebrate community indices, and to identify the relative contributions of watershed anthropic pressures to the ecological status. We found that the removal of the artificial structures and the restoration of natural flow were successful in reducing clogging. However, only taxonomic richness showed a positive significant change. The results indicate that the presence of confounding factors, not addressed by the restoration works, may have been responsible for this minimal success in biodiversity recovery. Although the multimetric assessment tools were able to differentiate between streams and disentangle the effects of multiple pressures contributing to degradation in the streams, they were limited to a level below the watershed scale. Our results showed that for a better outcome for macroinvertebrate biodiversity improvement, methods of in-stream restorations must consider the multiple pressures contributing to the degradation of fauna communities in watersheds.
Surface Water Change Detection via Water Indices and Predictive Modeling Using Remote Sensing Imagery: A Case Study of Nuntasi-Tuzla Lake, Romania
Authors: Șerban Cristina , Maftei Carmen , Dobrică Gabriel
Published: February 2022

Water body feature extraction using a remote sensing technique represents an important tool in the investigation of water resources and hydrological drought assessment. Nuntasi-Tuzla Lake, a component of the Danube Delta Natural Reserve, is located on the Romanian Black Sea littoral. On account of an event in summer 2020, when the lake surface water decreased significantly, this study aims to identify the variation of the Nuntasi-Tuzla Lake surface water over a long-term period in correlation with human intervention and climate change. To this end, it provides an analysis in the period 1965–2021 via hydrological drought indices and data mining classification. The latter approach is based on several water indices derived from Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI and MODIS full-time series datasets: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified NDWI (MNDWI), Weighted Normalized Difference Water Index (WNDWI), and Water Ratio Index (WRI). The experimental results indicate that the proposed classification methods can extract relevant features from waterbodies using remote sensing imagery with a high accuracy. Moreover, the study shows a similarity in the evolution of surface water cover identified with the data mining classification and the drought periods detected in the flow data series for the Nuntasi and Sacele Rivers that supply the Nuntasi-Tuzla Lake. Overall, the results of our investigation show that human intervention and hydrological drought had an extensive impact on the long-term changes in surface water of the Nuntasi-Tuzla Lake.
A Many-Objective Analysis Framework for Large Real-World Water Distribution System Design Problems
Authors: Bi Weiwei , Chen Minjie , Shen Shuwen , Huang Zhiyuan , Chen Jie
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a many-objective analysis framework to handle large real-world water distribution system design problems (WDSDP), which is a typically difficult infrastructure engineering optimization problem type. Six objectives are formulated, focusing on economic, structural and functional aspects in the operation and management of the water distribution system (WDS), and solved by Borg, which is one state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) in water resources. The framework comprehensively analyzes and reveals the underlying trade-offs among many objectives, thereby facilitating the selection of the most appropriate design solutions for real-world WDSs. A real-world WDSDP with 1278 decision variables is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, and results show that it can clearly reveal the complex trade-offs among these six different objectives, and it greatly enhances the understanding of the underlying characteristics of Pareto-front solutions. The insights have great practical implications for optimally designing large real-world WDS problems.
Assessment of the Impact of Loss-of-Retention Fees on Green Infrastructure Investments
Authors: Godyń Izabela , Muszyński Krzysztof , Grela Agnieszka
Published: February 2022

Urbanization leads to the growth of impervious surfaces, which increases surface runoff, causing pluvial and flash flood phenomena. Furthermore, it significantly limits the infiltration of stormwater into the ground; this, in turn, reduces groundwater supply, ultimately intensifying drought effects. In order to adapt urbanized areas to climate change, the objective is to stop these unfavorable processes and strive for recreating the natural water cycle through developing decentralized stormwater management practices on private properties. An important management instrument that motivates property owners to invest is economic incentives, such as stormwater or impact fees associated with a system of rebates/discounts that depend on the applied stormwater runoff reduction solutions. Herein, we analyze a new economic instrument—a fee for reducing natural field retention—which is planned to be introduced in Poland. We assessed the incentive and funding (income-generating) function of the fee based on the example of the Sudół river catchment in Krakow, Poland. The research involved conducting simulation calculations and assessing the incentive impact through calculating investment Net Present Value (NPV), which is the investor’s response to the proposed economic incentives included in the structure of the fee and the rebate system. This study demonstrated errors and loopholes in the suggested fee rules—too low rates that prevent achieving profitability (negative NPV) for small-scale stormwater retention practices, and incorrect conditions that enable obtaining discounted fees. We also estimated the fee rate that ensures investment profitability.
Estimation of Methane Emissions from Reservoirs Based on Country-Specific Trophic State Assessment in Korea
Authors: Chung Yongjoo , Paik Chunhyun , Kim Young Jin
Published: February 2022

It has been reported that significant quantities of greenhouse gases are emitted from wetlands, from which emissions and their contributions to global warming have received much less attentions. Thus, a refinement to the previous published guidelines has recently been made to provide an updated and sound scientific basis for the purpose of supporting the preparation of national inventories. This study is aimed at demonstrating the applicability of the refinement for estimating methane emissions from reservoirs in the Republic of Korea. It is desirable to take the direct measurement of total methane fluxes across the reservoir surface, which may require a substantial amount of research efforts though. Alternatively, methane emissions from individual reservoirs may be estimated with relevant parameters accounting for the regional environmental characteristics. The assessment of trophic state has been employed to better represent the emissions behavior of reservoirs, based on which the methane emissions from local reservoirs in Korea are estimated. It is noted that the country has developed its own water quality index with the consideration of environmental characteristics. The seasonal variations in methane emissions are tested for their statistical significance and it is proposed that the emission estimates can be predicted from the trophic state assessment with the application of regression analysis. Following the guidelines prescribed by the refinement and procedures outlined in this study, the results from emissions estimation and prediction can be effectively used for the improvement of national inventories.
Adsorption of Arsenic on Fe-Modified Biochar and Monitoring Using Spectral Induced Polarization
Authors: Kirmizakis Panagiotis , Tawabini Bassam , Siddiq Omer Muhammad , Kalderis Dimitrios , Ntarlagiannis Dimitrios , Soupios Pantelis
Published: February 2022

This work demonstrates the potential of Fe-modified biochar for the treatment of arsenic (As) simulated wastewater and the monitoring of adsorption in real-time. Specifically, we propose the utilization of date-palm leaves for the production of biochar, further modified with Fe in order to improve its adsorption function against inorganic pollutants, such as As. Both the original biochar and the Fe-modified biochar were used for adsorption of As in laboratory batch and column experiments. The monitoring of the biochar(s) performance and As treatment was also enhanced by using the spectral induced polarization (SIP) method, offering real-time monitoring, in addition to standard chemical monitoring. Both the original and the Fe-modified biochar achieved high removal rates with Fe-modified biochar achieving up to 98% removal of As compared to the 17% by sand only (control). In addition, a correlation was found between post-adsorption measurements and SIP measurements.
Nitrate in Groundwater Resources of Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran: Concentration Estimation, Distribution and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment Using Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Mohammadpour Amin , Gharehchahi Ehsan , Badeenezhad Ahmad , Parseh Iman , Khaksefidi Razieh , Golaki Mohammad , Dehbandi Reza , Azhdarpoor Abooalfazl , Derakhshan Zahra , Rodriguez-Chueca Jorge , Giannakis Stefanos
Published: February 2022

High nitrate concentration in drinking water has the potential to cause a series of harmful effects on human health. This study aims to evaluate the health risk of nitrate in groundwater resources of Hormozgan province in four age groups, including infants, children, teenagers, and adults, based on the US EPA methodology and Monte Carlo technique to assess uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to investigate the spatial distribution of nitrate levels in the study area. The nitrate concentration ranged from 0.3 to 30 mg/L, with an average of 7.37 ± 5.61 mg/L. There was no significant difference between the average concentration of nitrate in all study areas (p > 0.05). The hazard quotient (HQ) was less than 1 for all age groups and counties, indicating a low-risk level. The HQ95 for infants and children in the Monte Carlo simulation was 1.34 and 1.22, respectively. The sensitivity analysis findings showed that the parameter with the most significant influence on the risk of toxicity in all age groups was the nitrate content. Therefore, implementing a water resources management program in the study area can reduce nitrate concentration and enhance water quality.
Seasonal Variability of Nutrients and Radium Isotope Fluxes from Submarine Karstic Spring at the Southwest of Crimea, Black Sea
Authors: Dovhyi Illarion I. , Kozlovskaia Ol’ga N. , Bezhin Nikolay A. , Shibetskaia Iuliia G. , Chepyzhenko Aleksey I. , Tananaev Ivan G.
Published: February 2022

The groundwaters of the southwestern region of Crimea are formed on the karst plateaus of the Crimean Mountains, and a significant amount of them is discharged into the Black Sea. The Crimean Peninsula is a water-deficient region; therefore, the study of its hydrogeology is an urgent task, since groundwater is a valuable freshwater resource. Through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), the transfer of chemical compounds to the sea in the event of anthropogenic interference may also occur. In this work the fluxes of submarine groundwaters in the area of Cape Peleketo in different seasons, and also the fluxes of nutrients within them, are evaluated for the first time, as well as the factors determining their variability. During the study, hydrological (temperature, salinity (S), current velocity) and hydrochemical (concentration of biogenic elements) parameters, as well as the concentration of long-lived isotopes of 226Ra and 228Ra, were measured. The SGD fluxes were estimated through the mixing formula. As the endmember, we used groundwater concentrations of nutrients or radiotracers, defined by extrapolation of nutrients or radium concentrations to zero salinity. Significant differences in the studied region’s SGD flux values (from 4100 to 13,900 m3/day) are shown; maximum values are in winter and summer, and minimum values are in autumn and spring. The relationship between the seasonal variability of the discharge intensity and the amount of precipitation in the groundwater formation area is shown. The data obtained show that this source makes a significant contribution to the local supply of nutrients. Substantial amounts of nitrates come from the karst cavity, which can lead to eutrophication and limit the primary production of phosphorus in the local coastal sea region.
Dissolved Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Relation to Depuration Plant Outflows in Adriatic Coastal Waters: A Two Year Monitoring Survey
Authors: Girolametti Federico , Fanelli Matteo , Ajdini Behixhe , Truzzi Cristina , Illuminati Silvia , Susmel Sabina , Celussi Mauro , Šangulin Jadranka , Annibaldi Anna
Published: February 2022

The Adriatic Sea is vulnerable to pollution due to its low bathymetry, intense industrial activity, and tourism. In this context, a good depuration plant activity could play a key role for the maintenance of a good environmental quality. In the framework of the AdSWiM project, “Managed use of treated urban wastewater for the quality of the Adriatic Sea”, a study on dissolved potentially toxic element (PTE) levels was carried out to assess the impact of treated urban wastewaters on the quality of the bathing waters in the Adriatic Sea during the 2019 and 2020 summer period. In the present study, three areas along the Italian–Croatian coastline (Gulf of Trieste, Zadar, and Split) were identified for the monitoring of five depuration plant (DP) outflows. Water samples were collected after the treatment inside the DPs, and coastal seawater was sampled in the proximity of the discharging pipelines. Dissolved Hg, Cd, and As levels were determined with an atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Results did not show statistically significant differences between treated wastewater and seawater samples (Hg 10 ± 6 and 10 ± 4, Cd 14 ± 6 and 21 ± 8, As 610 ± 176 and 687 ± 140 ng L−1, respectively), while the geographical area and the seasonality affected the PTE concentration. Furthermore, the levels detected were lower than the European and national limits, indicating a good environmental status of the northern Adriatic Sea waters. The determination of further parameters (nutrients, microbiological indicators) must be investigated to identify possible synergistic effects. However, our results demonstrate the efficiency of DPs investigated, underlining the importance of the wastewater treatment for the protection of the Adriatic Sea.
A Bibliometric Survey of Research Output on Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Gbey Emmanuel , Turkson Richard Fiifi , Lee Sohui
Published: February 2022

Wireless charging modules for electric vehicles are being increasingly studied. Previous research has focused on developing more effective wireless-charging modules for electric vehicles in order to pave the way for a more sustainable urban transportation. The objectives of the study were to identify the social structure of the field by mapping of research collaborations among authors and countries, measure the influence of authors and sources, identify the interactions between different researchers and the most influential authors, sources, documents and organizations. To achieve these objectives, a bibliometric search in the SCOPUS database was conducted using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators. The initial keyword search returned 2163 documents. The documents retrieved were manually filtered for further analysis. A scientometric analysis was carried out on the remaining 1367 documents using co-authorship, co-citation, and citation analyses for a number of measurement units. The results showed that “object detection” and “shielding effectiveness” were the most current research topics. Authors who were widely cited did not generally produce a large number of papers or collaborate with other authors. Authors from China, the United States, and the United Kingdom have all co-authored published works on the topic, indicating that they have all contributed considerably to the field’s achievements. This strongly highlighted the amount of funding localized in developed countries towards such technologies. The number of international co-authored studies conducted was low. This is most significant with no research conducted in this field in the less developed world. The most cited and influential scholars were G. A. Covic, J. T. Boys, and C. C. Mi. The most influential sources were IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics and IEEE Trans. on Induction Electronics, while the most productive sources were Energies and IEEE Access. The most influential documents were those by Covic G.A. (2013a) and Covic G.A. (2013b). Finally, emerging trends in charging and energy storage in electric vehicles were also discussed.
Molecular Identification and Ecology of Portuguese Wild-Caught Phlebotomine Sandfly Specimens
Authors: Zé-Zé Líbia , Amaro Fátima , Osório Hugo Costa , Giovanetti Marta , Lourenço José , Alves Maria João
Published: February 2022

Phlebotomine sandflies are important vectors of Leishmania spp. and phleboviruses causing disease in animals and humans. Morphological identification of phlebotomine sandflies to the species level is challenging, requiring microscopical examination of the genitalia, which is demanding and time consuming. Molecular sandfly species identification can be a practical solution to save resources since it enables further molecular studies capable of generating data, such as biting preferences by blood meal analysis. In this study, resorting to a sandfly dataset collected between 2014 and 2018 across Portuguese territory under active mosquito surveillance and sandfly specific surveys, we used molecular methods to explore the genetic diversity and spatial distribution, further exploring ecological co-variants of four sandfly species—Phlebotomus ariasi, P. perniciosus, P. sergenti, and Sergentomyia minuta—all of which are of public health importance. Sandflies were collected from Spring to Autumn (May–November) following local temperature patterns. P. perniciosus was the most widespread detected species, with a nationwide distribution. All studied species clustered together with known samples from the Iberian Peninsula. Further monitoring studies of sandfly species diversity, distribution, and seasonality are essential for surveillance and control of sandfly-borne pathogens both nationally and globally.
STUDY OF POSSIBLE CHANGES IN RIGIDITY OF THE BANDAGE AS A RESULT OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY OF TREATMENT OF THE ROLLING SURFACE
Authors: Shrubchenko I. , Hurtasenko A. , Duyun T. , Voronkova M.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the study of the change in the rigidity of the bandage as a result of mechanical treatment of its surfaces using mobile technologies.It was proposed to use the CAD / CAE system Solid Works to assess the possibility of restoring the treatment of rolling surfaces, as well as for the possibility of modifying floating-type bandages into welded-in bandages. And use the built-in package of finite element analysis - Solid Works Simulation. The sequence for assessing the stress-strain state is given separately for the floating and welded-in type bandage, as well as for the bandages installed on the furnace body.A method is proposed for determining the maximum allowable allowances for the conditions for restoring the shape of their rolling surfaces using mobile technologies. The use of this technique allows predicting possible changes in the design of the furnace support even before the start of processing. Thus, to exclude the likelihood of disabling, as an individual support of the furnace, and the entire unit.
JUSTIFICATION OF HYBRID VENTILATION SYSTEMS OPERATING BOUNDARIES
Authors: Abramkina D.
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of existing terms of hybrid ventilation. A classification of hybrid ventilation strategies has been drawn up: concurrent and changeover operations. Concurrent operation includes the sharing of mechanical and natural ventilation systems, for example, in the case of natural inlet and the removal of contaminated air from the room by axial roof fans; mechanical systems, equipped with low-pressure fans, used in conjunction with technologies aimed at increasing natural pressure (heat and wind inducement). Changeover operation includes seasonal work, night cooling and local alternating work. The analysis of climatic characteristics based on data from meteorological station 27612 (Moscow, VDNH) shows that the average temperature of outdoor air exceeds the requirement temperature for natural ventilation calculations for most of the year. Annual average air exchange factors for the period 2016-2020 are less than 50 %, which proves the need for a seasonal hybrid ventilation system. Based on the calculation of average monthly air exchange factors, the mechanical inducement is recommended from March to November.
THE ROLE OF TERRITORIAL PLANNING IN THE ORGANIZATION OF SETTLEMENTS IN THE TIMBER INDUSTRY AREA
Authors: Perekopskaya M.
Published: February 2022

The object of this study is the territorial planning of settlements in the timber industry district. The article presents the relationship between territorial and forest planning in the organization and development of the settlement system of the timber industry. The research uses publicly available data, works of foreign and domestic authors. The method of system analysis and methodology of territorial and spatial organization of settlements of the region are applied. A change in the approach to territorial planning of settlements in the timber industry district is proposed. Recommendations are given on improving the interaction of territorial and forest planning and delineating the purpose of each of these types of planning in ensuring the development of the territories of forestry districts. The application of the proposed approach to the territorial planning of settlements will ensure the interconnection of the processes of harvesting, consistent waste-free processing of wood and reproduction of forest resources with the territorial and spatial organization of settlements of the timber industry area.
CHANGE IN CONCENTRATION OF THE KEY COMPONENT OF THE MIXTURE DURING MIXING IN THE TRANSVERSE DIRECTION IN DUAL SHAFT MIXER WITH RODS INSTALLED IN FRONT OF THE BLADE
Authors: Khanin S.
Published: February 2022

In the construction materials industry, twin-shaft paddle mixers are common in the preparation of both dry and plastic mixes. When the blade rotates in a mixed medium, a compacted zone of mixed components is formed immediately in front of its working surface. This compaction negatively affects the quality of the mixture preparation, characterized by the homogeneity of the resulting mixture. In order to influence the compacted area, to intensify the mixing process, cylindrical rods are installed in front of the working surface of the blade. A mathematical description of the process of dry mixing of two components in a horizontal paddle mixer is obtained. It allows, depending on the design and technological parameters that most affect this process, to calculate the concentration of the key com-ponent in a certain volume of the mixture, both when installing cylindrical rods in front of the working surface of the blade, and without rods. Studies of changes in the concentration of a key component for a mixer with rods have been carried out with varying values of its design and technological parame-ters. Regularities of the influence of design and technological parameters on the change in the con-centration of the key component in a certain volume of the mixture and their rational values have been determined for a mixer with rods. When comparing the values of the concentrations of the key compo-nent obtained using the mathematical description for mixtures prepared in mixers with and without rods, it was found that the mixer with rods allows you to obtain a mixture of higher quality with the concentration values of the key component closer to the ideal value.
Abordaje radiológico en pacientes con sospecha de aneurisma aórtico torácico
Authors: Cerdas Soto Diego , Fernández Angulo Verónica , Ureña Vargas María José , Sánchez Carballo Reiner , Kivers Bruno Gabriel
Published: February 2022

El aneurisma de Aorta, independientemente de la localización, es una situación de urgencia en la cual se necesita una rápida captación de la patología y una decisión pronta del tratamiento. Por esta razón, es necesaria una correcta interpretación de signos y síntomas así como de estudios de imagen, los cuales serán abordados en el presente artículo así como las generalidades necesarias para poder actuar a tiempo. Se hará una revisión de cómo interpretar de manera adecuada la patología en diferentes estudios de imagen y se explicará de manera breve la población de riesgo.
Se abordará la patología torácica, esto debido a la diferencia en cantidad de bibliografía cuando se compara con el aneurisma abdominal.
Si bien es cierto no es la patología más común, según se discutirá, sí es importante a nivel estadístico conocer la cantidad de casos que se presentan en un servicio de salud primario ya que la mortalidad va a depender del abordaje que se realice y el tiempo en el que se tomen las decisiones.
Impacto del sedentarismo en la salud mental.
Authors: Delgado Villalobos Sophia , Huang Qiu Cheng , González Cordero Leticia , Castro Sibaja Mauricio
Published: February 2022

El estilo de vida de las últimas décadas ha generado un incremento en actitudes sedentarias y, junto con el descenso de la actividad física, ha propiciado un efecto negativo en la salud mental. La vida sedentaria aumenta el riesgo de padecer diferentes tipos de trastornos mentales, debido al cual, puede generar alteraciones del sueño, además de un bajo nivel de felicidad. Los padecimientos más frecuentes asociados al sedentarismo son la depresión, ansiedad, baja autoestima, ideación suicida, soledad, estrés y distrés psicológico. El ejercicio físico ha sido demostrado como uno de los tratamientos más importantes para el mejoramiento y manejo de la salud mental en deterioro, ya que tiene beneficios a nivel físico, psicológico y social. Se describen varios de los beneficios que aporta el reducir la ociosidad de las personas, entre los más llamativos están la mejoría en el estado de ánimo, patrón de sueño, función cognitiva, autoestima, calidad de vida, manejo del estrés y reducción del riesgo cardiovascular.
Efecto antiinflamatorio del cannabidiol en la recuperación de deportistas de alto rendimiento: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Martinez Daniela , Alvarez Amanda , Cornick Tomas , Barboza Alina , Venegas Alina
Published: February 2022

En la última década, producto de la descriminalización del Cannabis sp. (comúnmente conocida como marihuana) se ha visto un aumento de su consumo. Lamentablemente, dicho auge en consumo fue respondido con una proliferación relativamente lenta de investigación científica sobre el Cannabis sp. y sus más de 100 componentes. Consecuentemente, se le comenzaron a atribuir a los mismos una variedad de propiedades fármaco-terapéuticas, carentes de respaldo científico, pero altamente atractivas para ciertos grupos. De entre ellas destacó el Cannabidiol (CBD), por la propiedades que se le atribuyen antiinflamatorias y analgésicas que resultan particularmente interesantes a deportistas de alto rendimiento, al ser ellos susceptibles a lesiones, dolor e inflamación crónica. El presente artículo realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura sobre: a) la farmacología del CBD; b) la producción de inflamación, y; c) aplicaciones terapéuticas de este fitocannabinoide. Para ello se implementó una búsqueda no reproducible en EBSCO Host y PUBMED, que culminó en la revisión de 20 artículos científicos y 3 libros de texto. Con la finalidad de realizar una valoración preliminar sobre la viabilidad de incorporar CBD como antiinflamatorio en la recuperación de deportistas de alto rendimiento.
Molecular Genetic Factors of Predisposition to the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Representatives of the Belarusian Population
Authors: Моссэ И.Б. , Гончар А.Л. , Кундас Л.А. , Седляр Н.Г. , Булгак А.Г. , Зотова О.В. , Королева Т.С.
Published: February 2022

Цель. Изучить молекулярно-генетические факторы предрасположенности к развитию фибрилляции предсердий у представителей белорусской популяции. Материалы и методы. Популяционная группа - 685 человек без выявленной сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Группа пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий - 162 человека. Проведено сравнение молекулярно-генетических профилей пациентов с диагнозом «фибрилляция предсердий» и случайной выборки из белорусской популяции в качестве контрольной группы по 19 полиморфным вариантам генов, ассоциированных с развитием сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Результаты. Выявлены наиболее информативные факторы риска развития фибрилляции предсердий - минорные гомозиготы генов FXIII и Gp6, гетерозиготы гена APOE и полиморфизмов С677Т и А1298С гена MTHFR, а также минорные аллели Leu гена FXIII и С гена MTHFR А1298С. Выявлены также протекторные варианты, снижающие риск возникновения заболевания - гомозиготы D/D гена BDKRB2 и A/A гена MTHFR А1298С. Выводы. Данные могут быть использованы как для формирования групп риска с целью профилактики фибрилляции предсердий, а также для разработки корректных способов лечения пациентов в зависимости от их генотипов.

Purpose. To study the molecular genetic factors of predisposition to the development of atrial fibrillation in representatives of the Belarusian population. Materials and methods. The population group is 685 people without identified cardiovascular pathology. The group of patients with atrial fibrillation - 162 people. Comparison of molecular genetic profiles of patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and a random sample from the Belarusian population as a control group on 19 polymorphic variants of genes associated with the development of cardiovascular pathology was carried out. Results. The most informative risk factors of the development of atrial fibrillation were identified: minor homozygotes of the FXIII and Gp6 genes, heterozygotes of the APOE gene and C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene, as well as minor Leu alleles of the FXIII and C gene of the MTHFR A1298C gene. There were also revealed the protective variants that reduce the risk of disease - homozygotes D / D of the BDKRB2 gene and A / A of the MTHFR A1298C gene. Conclusions. The data can be used both for the formation of risk groups in order to prevent atrial fibrillation and for development of the correct methods of treating patients, depending on their genotypes.
Perancangan Buku Cerita Bergambar Permainan Sipak Tekong
Authors: Satria Ganes , Iskandar Riki , Usman Robby
Published: February 2022

Permainan sipak tekong adalah permainan tradisional yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun kepada masyarakat Sumatera Barat. Bentuk permainan sipak tekong sama seperti petak umpet pada umumnya.  Ada yang mencari sekaligus menjaga tekong dan ada juga yang bersembunyi. Permainan ini umumnya ada di beberapa daerah di Sumatera Barat. Khususnya di daerah kecamatan Gunuang Omeh, Kenagarian Talang Anau, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Sumatera Barat. Permainan sipak tekong pada saat ini tidak menjadi piliha utama dalam permainan anak-anak. Hal ini disebabkan karena anak-anak di era modern sekarang lebih berminat terhadap permainan game konsol atau game smartphone. Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk mengingatkan kembali permainan tradisional sipak tekong kepada masyarakat umum, khususunya kepada anak-anak. Permainan ini tidak hanya diliat dari sisi tradisionalnya saja tetapi melihat sisi nilai budaya, emisional dan manfaatnya. Metode pengumpulan data yang di gunakan ialah observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis menggunakan metode SWOT. Pendekatan teori dalam perancangan ini adalah teori buku cerita bergambar, teori warna, teori tipografi, teori menggambar dan teori komunikasi. Media utama yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini adalah buku cerita bergambar. Perancangan ini juga didukung oleh beberapa media promosi lainnya seperti t-shirt, pembatas buku, poster, x-banner, stiker, pin, mug dan tote bag.
Integration and opposition of Western and Japanese traditional instruments in Takemitsu’s November Steps
Authors: Irlandini Luigi Antonio
Published: February 2022

This article examines the combination of Japanese and Western musical traditional instruments in regards to Tōru Takemitsu’s November Steps. The composer brought into an yōgaku (Western music style) composition not only two traditional instruments but also their traditional music, with the intention of creating an opposition of Japanese and Western musical characteristics, and shaping them as irreconcilable forces. In order to give a fair consideration of the matter, it is necessary to know the circumstantial and historical factors that have contributed to the predicaments involved in this pioneer act of incorporation of traditional Japanese aesthetics and culture in the world of musical composition.
O Sal e as Doenças Cardiovasculares
Authors: Gilson Soares Feitosa
Published: February 2022

O editorial apresenta questões relacionadas ao consumo de sal na dieta, salientando a quantidade devida diária e as inovações relacionadas à substituição do sal na alimentação.
Recomendações Atuais para Vigilância Ativa no Câncer de Próstata
Authors: André Bacellar Costa Lima  , Ana Cristina Silva Bomfim  , Camila Severiano Vasques  , Sergiane Amaral Gadelha  , Thereza Inês Barbosa Soares Flores  , Thiago Kaique Nunes Monteiro  , Thiago Santos Vieira  , Tércia Vilasboas Reis  , Érico Strapasson
Published: February 2022

O câncer de próstata é uma das malignidades mais comuns ao redor do mundo. O rastreamento e o diagnóstico precoce seguem sendo pilares para cura dos pacientes de risco desfavorável. No entanto, há uma preocupação a respeito do tratamento excessivo dos tumores de menor risco, onerando o sistema de saúde e causando potenciais efeitos colaterais irreversíveis em homens cuja qualidade de vida e sobrevida não seriam afetados pela doença. A vigilância ativa (VA), estratégia iniciada nas últimas duas décadas, é o tratamento de escolha nos pacientes com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo,baixo e em alguns selecionados com risco intermediário favorável. Os principais protocolos de VA contemporâneos variam entre si nas suas coortes, manejos no monitoramento e no melhor momento para a intervenção. No entanto, os reportes de mortalidade câncer-específica e taxas de doença metastática são extremamente baixos no seguimento mediano de médio prazo (5-10 anos). Estes desfechos parecem estar intimamente associados aos diferentes critérios de seleção, monitoramento e intervenção, sugerindo que a estratégia da VA pode ser individualizada baseando-se no nível de risco aceitável para os pacientes, levando em consideração suas preferências pessoais. Novas tecnologias, como a ressonância nuclear magnética multiparamétrica e testes moleculares parecem tornar a VA mais segura. A utilização da VA, embora em crescimento, permanece altamente variável nos diferentes países e a educação continuada para segurança desta estratégia segue um desafio para que seu uso seja cada vez mais difundido.
New process flow scheme for wastewater treatment by pressure flotation
Authors: Андреев С.Ю. , Степанов С.В. , Степанов А.С. , Князев В.А.
Published: February 2022

Приведены результаты расчетов циркуляционной установки для преобразования Q–H-характеристик лопастного насоса с отводом полезного расхода жидкости перед гидроструйным насосом. Получены математические зависимости, адекватно описывающие процесс работы циркуляционной установки для преобразования Q–H-характеристик лопастного насоса. Теоретически обосновано и экспериментально доказано, что замена высоконапорного гидроструйного насоса в циркуляционной установке двумя последовательно работающими средненапорными гидроструйными насосами позволяет при снижении гидравлического КПД циркуляционной установки с 42 до 33% и незначительном уменьшении полезного расхода Qнобеспечить устойчивое эжектирование воздуха из атмосферы и надежную работу напорного флотатора. Предложенная технологическая схема напорной флотации, предусматривающая использование циркуляционной установки для преобразования Q–H-характеристик лопастного насоса с двумя последовательно работающими средненапорными гидроструйными насосами, позволяет отказаться от использования дорогостоящего компрессора и заменить высоконапорный лопастной насос насосом с более низким рабочим давлением и меньшей стоимостью.

The results of calculating a circulation unit for converting the Q–H-characteristics of an impeller pump with the withdrawal of the useful fluid flow upstream the waterjet pump are presented. Mathematical dependencies are obtained that adequately describe the process of the operation of the circulation unit for the conversion of the Q–H-characteristics of an impeller pump. It has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved that replacing a high-pressure waterjet pump in the circulation unit with two sequentially operating medium-pressure waterjet pumps ensures the sustainable atmosphere air ejection and reliable operation of the pressure flotation unit, provided the hydraulic efficiency of the circulating unit is reduced from 42 to 33% and the useful flow rate Qн decreases slightly. The proposed process flow scheme of pressure flotation that involves the use of a circulation unit to convert the Q–H-characteristics of an impeller pump with two medium-pressure waterjet pumps operating in series, provides for abandoning the use of an expensive compressor and replacing a high-pressure impeller pump with a cheaper pump with lower operating pressure.
Filtrate usage in the production of gypsum from the sludge of natural water coagulation
Authors: Комаров М.А. , Романовский В.И.
Published: February 2022

Одним из важнейших аспектов разрабатываемых в настоящее время технологий является то, что они должны быть безотходными либо малоотходными. При производстве синтетического гипса из осадков коагуляции природных вод и отходов серной кислоты образуется кислый фильтрат, который по своему составу содержит соли Mg, Na, Ca и Fe. Предложена и проработана возможность использования фильтрата с высоким содержанием железа для получения магнитных сорбентов при удалении нефтепродуктов из водных сред, а также для получения фотокаталитических материалов при деструкции растворенных органических веществ. Исследование показало, что магнитные сорбенты обладают нефтеемкостью до 2 г/г. Полученные фотокаталитические материалы обладают также высокой эффективностью фотодеструкции красителя (кислотного телона синего) на уровне 80% при времени обработки 60 минут.

One of the most important aspects of the technologies currently being developed is that they must be non-waste or low-waste technologies. In the process of producing synthetic gypsum from natural water coagulation sludge and sulfuric acid waste, acidic filtrate is formed that contains salts of Mg, Na, Ca and Fe. Possible using the filtrate with a high iron concentration in the preparation of magnetic sorbents for removing oil products from aqueous environment, as well as for the preparation of photocatalytic materials in the process of the destruction of dissolved organic substances, has been proposed and developed. The study showed that magnetic sorbents have an oil capacity of up to 2 g/g. The resulting photocatalytic materials also showed a high photodegradation efficiency of the dye (acidic telon blue) at the level of 80% at 60 minutes treatment time.