bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014 e o (novo) Mineirão
Authors: Campos Priscila Augusta Ferreira , Amaral Silvia Cristina Franco
Published: January 2018

Esse artigo objetiva analisar o conceito ‘novo’ que adjetiva o Estádio Governador Magalhães Pinto, Belo Horizonte/MG. Far-se-á uma análise entre os discursos e documentos de sua construção, em 1965, e de sua reforma para a Copa em 2014. Há permanências (necessidade de ser moderno, passar uma autoimagem positiva do País) e mudanças (diferenciação do conhecimento técnico-científico-informacional, transformação dos estádios, apropriação do espaço público pelo setor privado) nesse processo.
An Algorithm for Data Hiding in Radiographic Images and ePHI/R Application
Authors: Rashid Aqsa , Salamat Nadeem , Prasath V. B. Surya
Published: January 2018

Telemedicine is the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for clinical health care from a distance. The exchange of radiographic images and electronic patient health information/records (ePHI/R) for diagnostic purposes has the risk of confidentiality, ownership identity, and authenticity. In this paper, a data hiding technique for ePHI/R is proposed. The color information in the cover image is used for key generation, and stego-images are produced with ideal case. As a result, the whole stego-system is perfectly secure. This method includes the features of watermarking and steganography techniques. The method is applied to radiographic images. For the radiographic images, this method resembles watermarking, which is an ePHI/R data system. Experiments show promising results for the application of this method to radiographic images in ePHI/R for both transmission and storage purpose.
Antibacterial Activity by Hemolymph Defensin from the Hard Tick Haemaphysalis longicornis
Authors: Yada Yurika , Talactac Melbourne Rio , Kusakisako Kodai , Hernandez Emmanuel Pacia , Galay Remil Linggatong , Andoh Masako , Fujisaki Kozo , Tanaka Tetsuya
Published: January 2018

Ticks are key vectors of some important diseases of humans and animals. Although they are carriers of disease agents, the viability and development of ticks are not harmed by the infectious agents due to their innate immunity. Antimicrobial peptides directly protect hosts against pathogenic agents such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Among the identified and characterized antimicrobial peptides, defensins have been considerably well studied. Defensins, which contain intramolecular disulfide bridges between cysteine residues, are commonly found among fungi, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. The sequence of the tick hemolymph defensin (HEdefensin) gene from the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis was analyzed after identification and cloning from a cDNA library. HEdefensin has a predicted molecular mass of 8.15 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.48. Six cysteine residues were also identified in the amino acids. The synthetic HEdefensin peptide only showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Micrococcus luteus. A fluorescence propidium iodide exclusion assay also showed that HEdefensin increased the membrane permeability of M. luteus. Additionally, an indirect fluorescent antibody test showed that HEdefensin binds to M. luteus. These results suggested that HEdefensin strongly affects the innate immunity of ticks against Gram-positive bacteria.
The Cancellation of Environmental License of PT. Semen Indonesia: A Strategic Environmental Assessment
Authors: Lisdiyono Edy
Published: January 2018

Debate over the construction of a cement factory in Rembang Regency between the community groups of Kendeng mountain care is in relation with the issuance of the environmental license No. 660.1/17 of 2012 by the Governor of Central Java. It had been declared null and void by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia based on the decision in the case register No. 99 PK/TUN/2016. The reason for the submission of the cancelation to the Environmental License of PT. Semen Indonesia in Rembang Regency, the community who cares about Kendeng mountains was because the process of submitting the mining licenses for the cement plant was not open and transparent to the community and it was feared that there would be environmental damages to the CAT area (Watuputih basin). In other words, to get the benefits, they are obliged to stay away from potential damage. Then, the urgency in the Strategic Environmental Assessment is as the Government instrument used as an instrument of prevention from pollution and/or environmental damage, and it becomes the basis for the policy of development plans and/or programs within a territory. Therefore, the mining of the cement factory of PT. Semen Indonesia in Kendeng mountains of Rembang Regency is in the CAT area (groundwater basin) based on findings of the Strategic Environmental Assessment Team. It is a protected area so that it potentially causes damage and the mining process must be stopped.
Litigating Economic, Social and Cultural Rights against Transnational Corporations in Indonesian Court
Authors: Prihandono Iman
Published: January 2018

States should take appropriate steps to ensure the effectiveness of domestic judicial mechanisms when addressing business-related human rights abuses. These steps may include ways to reduce legal, practical and other relevant barriers that could lead to a denial of access to remedy. To a certain degree, these problems exist in Indonesia’s judicial remedy mechanism. This article examines court decisions in five cases involving Transnational Corporations (TNCs). These decisions are examined to identify challenges and opportunities in bringing a case on ESC rights violations against TNCs. It is found that claim on ESC rights violation may be brought to the court, and the court has jurisdiction to entertain the case. However, of the five cases filed against TNCs, only in one case has the court decided in favour of the plaintiff. Most of the cases were rejected on procedural matters. This situation suggests that it remains burdensome for the victims of ESC rights violations to seek remedy at the court. There are procedural burdens that has to be faced by plaintiff when bringing ESC rights case against corporations, particularly TNCs. Nevertheless, there are new develop-ments in relation with pursuing ESC rights in court. One of the important development is private business contract between the govern-ment and private corporations may be annulled by the court, if the exercise of the contract would violate the government's obligation to fulfil human rights of the citizens
What Constitutes as Limitation of (Human) Rights in Indonesian Legal Context?
Authors: Jayadi Anbar
Published: January 2018

This article reviews the interpretation of the Constitutional Court (the Court) on the Article 28J paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution by looking into the rulings related to the Information and Electronic Transaction Law. These rulings are chosen because, in those rulings, tensions between individual and public interest are apparent. For example, the tension between the right to privacy and freedom of expression, and the tensions between freedom of expression and public order. The rulings that will be studied in this writing are Ruling No. 50/PUU-VI/2008, Ruling No. 2/PUU-VII/2009, Ruling No. 5/PUU-VIII/2010, Ruling No. 52/PUU-XI/2013, and Ruling No. 20/PUU-XIV/2016. In studying those rulings, this article use a legal method namely the interpretation of arguments, e.g. what are the arguments provided by the claimants in the case in relation to the Article 28J paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution and how does the Court responds to such arguments. Additionally, this writing will also compare the rulings to each other to portray the “variety” of interpretation by the Court over the time. Furthermore, this article will compare the Article 28J paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution and the Court’s interpretation of it to other standards of limitation in other human rights instruments such as European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in order to depict what are the distinctive features of limitation of rights in Indonesian regime in comparison to other regimes. Last but not least, this article analyze what are the lesson learned from studying the Court’s interpretation and the possible consequence of such interpretation to the human rights protection in Indonesia.
The President’s Power and Anti-Corruption Policy: What Can Be Learned from New Order Experience
Authors: Madril Oce
Published: January 2018

The New Order government led by President Soeharto was supposed to be a regime that would ameliorate the abuse of power conducted by the previous government. One of the important agendas for the New Order government was overcoming the issues regarding the abuse of authority and corruption in the government sector. Several legislations, Presidential legal policies and institutions were formed to carry out such mission. However, the New Order government eventually failed and became a corrupt regime. This study concludes that notwithstanding Indonesia theoretically had an institutional framework to combat corruption under the New Order government, it failed to eradicate corruption. The failure of anti-corruption policies under the New Order era was caused by 3 forms of failure. Firstly, the failure to build a democratic and anti-corruption presidential power. Secondly, the failure to build a comprehensive anti-corruption policy. Thirdly, the failure to build an effective anti-corruption agency. The method employed in this study is a combination of several approaches between the statutory approach, historical approach and conceptual approach. The main data used in this study is the literature which are consists of previous research, legislation and Presidential policies.
USIA DAN PENGALAMAN MENGAJAR TERHADAP TEACHER EFFICACY DI SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: ISSOM FITRI LESTARI , AMELIA DEFI
Published: January 2018

Age and teaching experience are part of the factors that affect teacher efficacy. This study aims to determine the effect of age and teaching experience on teacher efficacy in elementary school teachers who teach using Curriculum 2013. The number of samples in this study were 83 teachers who teach using the 2013 curriculum in North Jakarta. This research uses quantitative method with psychology scale. The preferred scale used to measure teacher efficacay seen from the age and experience of teaching teachers is Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). Data processing methods used in testing the research hypothesis is by multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant effect of age and teaching experience on teacher efficacy in elementary school teachers in North Jakarta with 0,018 (<0.05). The resultant effect 90.5 % Influenced beyond age and teaching experience.
FEAR OF NEGATIVE APPEARANCE EVALUATION TERHADAP CITRA TUBUH WANITA
Authors: ROSALINDA IRMA , FRICILLA NAOMI
Published: January 2018

The study was done to know the influence of fear of negative appearance evaluation toward body image of overweight women of late adolescene and early adulthood ages in Jakarta. Researcher used scale quantitatif methods psychology. Researcher used adapted instrument, namely MBRSQ-AS and FNAES. There are 108 samples of respondent which is overweight women of late adolescene and early adulthood ages. The data processing used in testing of hyphotheses analytics regression. The result of the influence is negative. It means that the higher fear of negative appearance evaluation the lower body image. The big influenced produced fear of negative appearance evaluation is 10,7% and the rest influenced by others.
KETERLIBATAN KERJA TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PADA DOSEN DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: MAUNA MAUNA , SAFITRI MIFTHA
Published: January 2018

This study aims to examine empirically whether there is influence between job involvement to organizational commitment. The subject were 221 lecturer of State University of Jakarta (UNJ) selecting using incidental sampling technique. This type of research is a quantitative research, data collection techniques using research data obtained through survey instruments adapted from previous researchers. Instruments made have been tested for validity and reliability, and belonging to the reliable criteria. Research hypothesis testing was performed using linear regression analysis of the predictors, with the job involvement as a predictor variable. The analysis shows a correlation coefficient of 0,000, less than the significance level (0.05). This value is interpreted that there are significant job involvement to organizational commitment. The influence of job involvement against organizational commitment in this research is 24.2%. So this research indicates that the influence of job involvement against organizational commitment lecturers of the State University of Jakarta.
Study of the efficiency of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) in LAS Anionic Detergent removal from hospital wastewater: determination of removing model according to response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Shokoohi Reza , Torkshavand Zahra , Zolghadnasab Hassan , Alikhani Mohammad Yousef , Hemmat Meisam Sedighi
Published: January 2018

Detergents are considered one of the important pollutants in hospital wastewater. Achieving efficient and bio-friendly methods for the removal of these pollutants is considered as a concern for environmental researchers. This study aims at studying the efficiency of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system for removing linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) from hospital wastewater with utilization of response surface methodology (RSM). The present study was carried out on a reactor with continuous hydraulic flow using media k1 at pilot scale to remove detergent from hospital wastewater. The effect of independent variables including contact time, percentage of media filling and mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration of 1000-3000 mg/l on the system efficiency were assessed. Methylene blue active substances (MBAS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) 750-850 mg/l were used by closed laboratory method in order to measure the concentration of LAS. The results revealed that the removal efficiency of LAS detergent and COD using media k1, retention time of 24 hours, and MLSS concentration of around 3,000 mg/l were 92.3 and 95.8%, respectively. The results showed that the MBBR system as a bio-friendly compatible method has high efficiency in removing detergents from hospital wastewater and can achieve standard output effluent in acceptable time.
The Delicate Balance between the Good and the Bad IL-1 Proinflammatory Effects in Endometriosis
Authors: Sikora Justyna , Ferrero Simone , Mielczarek-Palacz Aleksandra , Kondera-Anasz Zdzislawa
Published: January 2018

Background:

Endometriosis is an inflammatory gynaecological disease with an
associated chronic inflammation. Interleukin(IL)-1 is one of the most important immune and
proinflammatory factors, produced mainly by monocytes and macrophages. Studies indicate
the role of the cytokine from IL-1 family in endometrium-related disorders, particularly in endometriosis.

Methods:

The information about the impact of cytokine from IL-1 cytokine family on the
pathogenesis and development of endometriosis was obtained with an electronic literature
search based on the PubMed and Medline databases, spanning the period of January 1950 to
July 2017 and includes associated references in the published studies.

Results:

The impairment of the IL-1 family cytokine-network may lead to changes in the activation
of immune system in the peritoneal cavity of women with endometriosis. The aberrant
ectopic endometrial cell properties of adhesion, implantation and proliferation may be the
result of a reduced suppressive capacity controlling the IL-1. The imbalance between IL-1α,
pro-IL-1β, mature IL-1β and sIL-1R2 and sIL-1RAcP in the peritoneal fluid and serum of
women with endometriosis may be linked to the ability of transforming an acute inflammation
into a chronic one. Despite the fact that peritoneal macrophages secrete more antiinflammatory
IL-1Ra and less proinflammatory IL-1 in the peritoneal cavity in affected
women, the inflammation still develops.

Conclusions:

This observation clearly suggested a significant inadequacy in the specific regulatory
mechanisms of IL-1 activity at the peritoneal cavity level. The imbalance between all
studied cytokines in endometriosis may escalate peritoneal inflammation and, in consequence,
develop endometriosis.
Cancer Treatment with Liposomes Based Drugs and Genes Co-delivery Systems
Authors: Zhang Chuanmin , Zhang Shubiao , Zhi Defu , Cui Jingnan
Published: January 2018

There are several mechanisms by which cancer cells develop resistance to treatments,
including increasing anti-apoptosis, increasing drug efflux, inducing angiogenesis,
enhancing DNA repair and altering cell cycle checkpoints. The drugs are hard to reach curative
effects due to these resistance mechanisms. It has been suggested that liposomes based
co-delivery systems, which can deliver drugs and genes to the same tumor cells and exhibit
synergistic anti-cancer effects, could be used to overcome the resistance of cancer cells. As
the co-delivery systems could simultaneously block two or more pathways, this might promote
the death of cancer cells by sensitizing cells to death stimuli. This article provides a brief
review on the liposomes based co-delivery systems to overcome cancer resistance by the synergistic
effects of drugs and genes. Particularly, the synergistic effects of combinatorial anticancer
drugs and genes in various cancer models employing multifunctional liposomes based
co-delivery systems have been discussed. This review also gives new insights into the challenges
of liposomes based co-delivery systems in the field of cancer therapy, by which we
hope to provide some suggestions on the development of liposomes based co-delivery systems.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Intracerebral Haemorrhagic Stroke
Authors: Bedini Gloria , Bersano Anna , Zanier Elisa R. , Pischiutta Francesca , Parati Eugenio A.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a relatively
common fatal disease, with an overall global incidence estimated at 24.6 per 100,000 person-
years. Given the high degree of morbidity and mortality associated with ICH, therapies
that may have neuroprotective effects are of increasing interest to clinicians. In this
last context, cell therapies offer the promise of improving the disease course which cannot
be addressed adequately by existing treatments.

Objective:

The aim of this review is to evaluate the protective effects and molecular
mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on haemorrhagic brain following ICH.
We also discuss possible emerging therapeutic approaches worth of further research.

Methods and Results:

The available literature on the therapeutic potential of MSCs in
ICH animal models clearly demonstrated that MSCs enhance the functional recovery and
reduce the volume of the infarct size exerting anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties.
However, the quality of the original articles investigating the efficacy of stem cell
therapies in ICH animal models is still poor and the lack of ICH clinical trial does not
permit to reach any relevant conclusions.

Conclusion:

Further studies have to be implemented in order to achieve standardized
methods of MSCs isolation, characterization and administration to improve ICH treatments
with MSCs or MSC-derived products.
Nutraceutical Insight into Vegetables and their Potential for Nutrition Mediated Healthcare
Authors: Saiwal Nidhi , Dahiya Mandeep , Dureja Harish
Published: January 2018

Background:

The connection between food and good health is not a new concept. Vegetables are being used as a source of nutrition since long. Dietary active components are essential for the normal functioning of the human body.

Methods:

The study basically involves all the three categories of research methodologies, including analytic, descriptive and historical. It involves secondary data from scientific reports, books, and journals.

Results:

Vegetables can be considered as nutraceuticals since they supply bioactive compounds effective in decreasing the risk of many diseases. Vegetables are considered to be protective foods since they contain low calories and higher vitamins and minerals. Vegetables are potentially suitable against civilization diseases, which are caused by the lack of nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, selenium, zinc, cryptoxanthin, lycopene etc), and other micronutrients.

Conclusion:

The presence of bioactive compounds like phytochemicals offers nutraceutical values to vegetables. Nutraceutical rich vegetables have been established to have a role in gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and other diseases. Vegetables and fruits not only have the potential to stop the growth of disease but also can cure many diseases and boost the immune system.
Hypoplastic Left Circumflex Coronary Artery: Imaging Findings with Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography - A Case Report
Authors: Sayit Asli Tanrivermis , Celenk Cetin
Published: January 2018

Background: Hypoplastic coronary artery disease is a rare congenital coronary artery anomaly. It is often detected incidentally, and its true incidence in the general population is not known.  Discussion: Symptoms of HCAD are syncope, palpitations, dyspnea, and chest pain. Also, arrhythmia and myocardial infarction can be seen; these can cause sudden death, especially in athletes and young people. Diagnosis is often made at autopsy.

Conclusion:

Here, we present the case of a 39-year-old male with isolated hypoplasia of the left circumflex artery detected by coronary Computed Tomography (CT) angiography who complained of palpitation.
Nanoemulsion Strategy for Ursolic and Oleanic Acids Isolates from Plumeria Obtusa Improves Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity in Melanoma Cells
Authors: Alvarado Helen L. , Calpena Ana C. , Garduño-Ramírez María L. , Ortiz Raúl , Melguizo Consolación , Prados José C. , Clares Beatriz
Published: January 2018

Background:

Triterpenoids are an important class of natural bioactive products present in many
medicinal plants.

Objective:

The aim of present study is to investigate the antioxidant and anticarcinogenic potential of Oleanolic
Acid (OA) and Ursolic Acid (UA) on B16 murine melanoma cell line isolated from Plumeria obtusa, free and
loaded in a nanoemulsion (NEm) system.

Methods:

The nanoemulsion was characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy.
The viscosity was also evaluated. The antioxidant activity was determined by the reduction of 2,2-diphenyl-2-
picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. In vitro proliferation studies were determined using the sulforhodamine-B
method.

Results:

OA/UA natural mixture exhibited high percentage of inhibition of DPPH (86.06% and 85.12%, with
and without irradiation). Percentages of inhibition higher than 85% in samples with and without ultraviolet
irradiation were recorded when loaded in the NEm system. The natural mixture incorporated into the NEm
showed cytotoxic activity from 2.9 µM, whereas the free compounds from 17.4 µM.

Conclusion:

We conclude that these pentacyclic triterpenes loaded in a NEm system could be considered as a
new potential tool for further investigation as anticancer agents.
Design of GA and Ontology based NLP Frameworks for Online Opinion Mining
Authors: Sharma Manik , Singh Gurvinder , Singh Rajinder
Published: January 2018

Background:

For almost every domain, a tremendous degree of data is accessible in an
online and offline mode. Billions of users are daily posting their views or opinions by using different
online applications like WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Blogs, Instagram etc.

Objective:

These reviews are constructive for the progress of the venture, civilization, state and even nation.
However, this momentous amount of information is useful only if it is collectively and effectively
mined.

Methodology:

Opinion mining is used to extract the thoughts, expression, emotions, critics, appraisal
from the data posted by different persons. It is one of the prevailing research techniques that coalesce
and employ the features from natural language processing. Here, an amalgamated approach has been
employed to mine online reviews.

Results:

To improve the results of genetic algorithm based opining mining patent, here, a hybrid genetic
algorithm and ontology based 3-tier natural language processing framework named GAO_NLP_OM has
been designed. First tier is used for preprocessing and corrosion of the sentences. Middle tier is composed
of genetic algorithm based searching module, ontology for English sentences, base words for the
review, complete set of English words with item and their features. Genetic algorithm is used to expedite
the polarity mining process. The last tier is liable for semantic, discourse and feature summarization.
Furthermore, the use of ontology assists in progressing more accurate opinion mining model.

Conclusion:

GAO_NLP_OM is supposed to improve the performance of genetic algorithm based opinion
mining patent. The amalgamation of genetic algorithm, ontology and natural language processing
seems to produce fast and more precise results. The proposed framework is able to mine simple as well
as compound sentences. However, affirmative preceded interrogative, hidden feature and mixed language
sentences still be a challenge for the proposed framework.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DESA WISATA MELALUI PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS
Authors: Sujarwo Sujarwo , Tristanti Tristanti , Santi Fitta Ummaya
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengimplementasikan model pemberdayaan perempuan desa wisata melalui pendidikan berbasis komunitas wirausaha jasa kuliner, 2) mengetahui hasil pelaksanaan model pemberdayaan perempuan desa wisata melalui pendidikan berbasis komunitas wirausaha jasa kuliner di Desa Wisata Bejiharjo Karangmojo. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research & Development (R&D). Hasil penelitian adalah: 1) Pendidikan Berbasis Komunitas Wirausaha kuliner ini dilaksanakan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu: a). Sosialisasi kegiatan, b) Pelaksanaan kegiatan berupa Implementai model pendidikan berbasis komunitas wirausaha jasa kuliner dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan c) Evaluasi. 2) Penerapan Model Pemberdayaan perempuan desa wisata melalui pendidikan berbasis komunitas wirausaha jasa kuliner memberikan hasil sebagai berikut: menambah motivasi peserta, cara memelihara pelanggan, cara mengelola usaha yang produktif, dan keterampilan memasak.This study aims to: 1) implement the model tourism village women's empowerment through community-based education entrepreneur culinary services, 2) find out the results of implementation of the empowerment model tourism village women through community-based education entrepreneur culinary services at the Tourism Village Bejiharjo Karangmojo. The research method used is a method of research and development or Research & Development (R & D). The results of the research are: 1) Community-Based Education Culinary Entrepreneurship is implemented through several stages, namely: a). Socialization activities, b) Implementation of activities such as community-based education model Implement entrepreneurial culinary services and Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and c) Evaluation. 2) Application of Model Empowerment of rural women through community-based education travel entrepreneurial culinary services provide results as follows: increase the motivation of the participants, how to maintain customers, how to manage a productive business, and cooking skills.
Peran Ketua Kelompok Tani Dalam Adopsi Teknologi Budidaya Bawang Merah Di Lahan Pasir Pantai Kecamatan Sanden Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Satria P Eka Adi , Witjaksono Roso , Harsoyo Harsoyo
Published: January 2018

The research was conducted in the District Sanden Bantul and has a goal to determine: (1) the degree of the role of chairman of farmer groups in technology adoption onion cultivation in the land of sand beach, (2) the factors which affect the role of chairman of farmer groups, and (3) the influence of the role of chair of farmer groups and other factors to adoption of red onion cultivation technology in coastal sandy farming land. The basic method used in this research is descriptive analytical with survey technique. The sample villages were selected purposively, that were Srigading Village and Gadingharjo Village. Data was analyzed by frequency distribution tables and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the role of chairman of farmer groups in adoption of red onion cultivation technology in the hight category. The age, education, motivation, and field extension worker role of farmers influence significantly and positively to role of chairman of farmer groups in adoption of red onion cultivation technology. Factors that influence positively the adoption of red onion cultivation technology in the sandy land are the field extension worker role and the role of chairman of the farmer groups. The age, motivation, and education of farmer, has no effect onion cultivation technology adoption in the sandy beach land.
Pengaruh Peran Petugas Lapang Terhadap Partisipasi Petani Dalam Pengembangan Model Desa Kakao Di Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Tanjungsari Kurnia , Hariadi Sunarru Samsi , Sulastri Endang
Published: January 2018

The development of cocoa village model are activities that make the region an area of cocoa as a pilot model by optimizing cultivation (on farm), and post harvest processing (off farm), and the strengthening of human and institutional resources. This activity has a principle of the active participation of farmers. In order for farmers to have an active participation in the development of the model village of cocoa required field officers role as a communicator, motivator, organizer, facilitator, and consultant. The research aimed to find out the influence of the role of field officers on the Farmer Participation in The Development of Cocoa Village Model in Gunungkidul. The basic method of research was descriptive analysis with quantitative approach. The research took place purposively at 4 groups of farmers in Patuk Subdistrict, Gunungkidul with the consideration that the programs was only done at the site. 120 samples was taken by simple random sampling method as respondents were used and then the data analyzed with simple linear regression. The results showed that the role of field officers affected the farmers’ participation in the program, which means increasingly frequent field officers carry out its role, the participation of farmers will be increased so that the role of field officers need to be optimized especially role as a motivator.
Sensitivitas Produksi Padi Terhadap Perubahan Iklim Di Indonesia Tahun 1974-2015
Authors: Nurhayanti Yanti , Nugroho Moko
Published: January 2018

The occurrence of climate change disrupts the productivity of paddy in Indonesia. Disruption of the paddy’s production has an impact on the availability of foodstuffs, considering paddy as staple food Indonesia society. This study aims to analyze the impact of climate change on productivity of paddy in the central acreage of paddy in period 1974-2015 by using four different climate variables. The data used are secondary data collected from Agency of Central for Statistics (BPS), Ministry of Agriculture, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Estimation method using data panels with Random Effect models (REM). The results showed the productivity of paddy in Indonesia are more sensitive to changes in rainfall and maximum temperature (Tmax) compared to the average temperature (Tave) and the minimum temperature (Tmin). Increased rainfall and Tmax positively impact the productivity of paddy until a specific turning point, then after that point will give the opposite impact. As for the turning point for the precipitation of 10,177 Inc./year, while Tmax on 31,35 °C. Simple simulation results demonstrate the increase in rainfall in the upper turning point of 1 % will reduce the productivity of paddy amounted 0,00796 % ceteris peribus. While the maximum temperature rise above the turning point of 1 % will reduce the productivity of paddy as much as 0,09039% ceteris peribus.
Hydrology and Hydraulic Analysis of Nasiri Flash Flood Disaster Event on the 1st August 2012
Authors: Hidayatulloh Imam Syarif , Rahardjo Adam Pamudji , Kironoto Bambang Agus
Published: January 2018

Nasiri lays in the Luhu village, Huamual district, West Seram Regency, Maluku province. Nasiri experienced in flash flood on August 1st, 2012 which had never happened before. There was no rainfall station and water level recorder at that time. It is rather difficult to find out the cause and yet Nasiri River was only 8 meters wide. The research started with identifying base flow, soil characteristics, learning flood video record, routing the river reach, finding the nearest rainfall station, and also interviewing some peoples there. Field data area was complemented with satellite radars. AutoCAD 2007, IFAS 2.0.1.2, Geostudio 2004, ArcGIS 10.2, HEC-HMS 4.2.1, and HEC-RAS 5.0.3 were used to perform simulations of the natural river with and without precipitation calibration, and also with and without landslide dam in the river. HEC-RAS was subject to perform 2 (two) dimensional flood routing. The result was fairly satisfying. Nasiri watershed was experiencing in flash flood caused by 2 (two) landslide dams which collapsed in 2 (two) different times. The first landslide dam was 7.55 meters high which collapsed at 09:52 (UTC+9) with 83.58 m3/s of peak discharge. The second landslide dam was 8.91 meters high which collapsed at 14:24 (UTC+9) with 54.16 m3/s of peak discharge
Large Enterprises Neglect Supporting SMEs in Mozambique
Authors: Sawaya Alen , Bhero Shepherd
Published: January 2018

It is globally accepted that support to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) at their birth and during growth is essential to nurture them in order to avoid premature deaths. Support to SMEs can come in many forms, but large enterprises support to SMEs, especially manufacturing ones is crucial to enable them to enhance their organizational structure, adoption of new technology and gaining financial stability. The objective of this research was to find out the impact of large firms support to SMEs and how the two sectors interact in the Mozambican economy. Using a sample of SMEs from Greater Maputo to represent the country as a whole, the study was carried out involving three sectors, manufacturing, services and commerce sub-sectors. The research used quantitative methodology applying face-to-face questionnaires, based on structured close ended questions. The study found that there was very little support to SMEs coming from large firm in Mozambique. It was recommended that more incentives and encouragements be given to large firms in order to increase their participation in SMEs development and growth in the country.
ANALYSIS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS MALONDIALDEHYDE, GLUTATHIONE, NITRIC OXIDE, AND PRORENIN LEVEL IN PREECLAMPSIA PLACENTAL TISSUES
Authors: Prijanti Ani Retno , Marissa Nelly , Paramita Reni , Humaira Sarah , Nabila Eldesta Nisa , Wijaya Anthony Eka , Fadila Asiyah Nurul , Purwosunu Yuditiya
Published: January 2018

Objective: Preeclampsia was a syndrome of hypertension proteinuria in pregnant women. In failure of pseudo vasculogenesis, there is persistency of endothelial and smooth muscle cell of vessel wall in spiral artery. Spiral artery could not be emphasis and lead to relative hypoxia, and oxidative stress in placental tissues. Endothelial cell has property to produce nitric oxide (NO) that can dilated vessel. Placenta also produces prorenin, to maintain vascular wall tonicity. Therefore, we want to uncover the property of placenta is there any capacity of prorenin, is that prorenin could overcome the NO level, or is there any depression of NO production, and any oxidative stress.Methods: This observational study was used case–control design. We search preeclampsia cases during September-December 2015. We used preeclampsia placentas from early and late onset. We collect preeclampsia placentas from Cipto Mangunkusumo and normal placentas from Budi Kemuliaan Hospital. We used 30 preeclampsia placentas and 30 normal placentas. Markers measured were NO and prorenin. NO was measured using colorimetric assay kit (K262-200/ BioVision), and prorenin was measured using human prorenin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ab157525/ Abcam). Glutathione (GSH) was measured using Ellman method and malondialdehyde (MDA) using Wills method.Results: Prorenin concentration between normal and preeclampsia placenta was analyzed using Mann–Whitney and show that there had no significant difference between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.23). Besides, NO data analyzed using independent t-test show significant differences between preeclampsia and normal placentas (p=0.001). The difference between normal and preeclampsia GSH concentration was not significant (p=0.757), besides the difference between normal and preeclampsia MDA concentration was significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: NO concentration in preeclampsia placenta was increase, higher than normal placenta. There was no effect of preeclampsia on prorenin concentration and GSH. There was marked decrease of MDA in preeclampsia placentas.
A STUDY OF STOOL SAMPLE FROM HIV POSITIVE AND HIV NEGATIVE AT ANDHRA PRADESH.
Authors: Obulesu Gundala , Ar Hanumanthappa , E Prabakar Reddy
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the variations, if any, in the types of intestinal parasites in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.Methods: For their HIV status in our laboratory by enzyme-linked immunoasorbant assay and TRIDOT, sample stool, macroscopic and microscopic examination, formal-ether concentration technique f, saline wet mount, iodine wet mount, modified acid-fast stain. Results: For the purpose of statistical analysis, the enteric parasites are divided into the coccidian group (Cryptosporidium+Isospora belli) and conventional enteric parasites (Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, and Ascaris lumbricoides), and enteric parasitic infection is more common in HIV-positive patients with diarrhea than HIV-positive patient without diarrhea or HIV-negative individuals.Conclusion: The study period of 1 year and 8 months revealed that it is difficult to locate/identify a HIV-positive person in a place like Kadapa on account of confidentiality/lack of awareness among the population. Detection of intestinal parasites is 17.3% in HIV-positive patients and 12% in HIV-negative individuals.
SUPPRESSION OF MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY IN ROTENONE-TREATED HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA T98G CELLS REDUCES CELL VIABILITY
Authors: Wanandi Septelia Inawati , Hardiany Novi Silvia , Siregar Nurjati Chairani , Sadikin Mohamad
Published: January 2018

Objective: Glioma is the most common human primary brain tumor which is highly resistant to oxidative stress-based anticancer. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of rotenone-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the modulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression and cell viability in human glioblastoma (GBM) T98G cells.Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, T98G cells were treated with high-dose rotenone (0.5, 5, and 50 μM, respectively). Following rotenone treatment and intracellular ROS, both peroxide and superoxide radicals were determined. Moreover, we analyzed MnSOD mRNA expression, protein, and specific activity, as well as cell survival including viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial structure.Results: High-dose rotenone treatment of T98G cells significantly increased intracellular ROS and MnSOD mRNA, but its protein and specific activity definitely decreased. The treatment also led to a reduction of cell viability, enhancement of apoptosis, and disruption of mitochondrial integrity.Conclusion: Overproduction of ROS in rotenone-treated human GBM T98G cells could suppress the MnSOD protein level and activity even though mRNA synthesis has been increased. This modulation led to reduced survival of T98G cells through induction of cell death rather than inhibition of cell proliferation.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIULCEROGENIC ACTIVITY OF CAYRATIA PEDATA VAR. GLABRA AGAINST EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED GASTRIC LESIONS IN WISTAR STRAIN ALBINO RATS.
Authors: K Kalaichelvi , S Sharmila , Sm Dhivya
Published: January 2018

Objective: To quantify the phytochemical constituents, scavenging different free radicals and assess the antiulcer property of aerial plant extracts of Cayratia pedata var. glabra.Methods: Quantitative analysis was performed to confirm and quantify the presence of phenolics, tannin content and total flavonoids in the aerial plant extracts of the study plant. Reducing power assay, 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (ABTS), ABTS•+ and metal chelating activity were used in this study. To evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activity of ethanolic extract of C. pedata var. glabra, against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats.Results: The results of quantification of phytoconstituents showed that the total phenolic and total flavonoid content were maximum in the ethanolic extract. The results of the antioxidant property of C. pedata var. glabra showed that all the extracts possess a different range of free radical scavenging activities, which is in dose-dependent manner. The ethanolic extract of the study plant produced gastroprotective effect in indomethacin-induced rats showed the decreased level of ulcer index, gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity, total protein and increased level of percentage of protection, and pH were calculated from the effective concentrations of plant sample (400 mg/kg) compared with Omeprazole (10 mg/kg).Conclusions: It is concluded that, the C. pedata var. glabra contains strong secondary metabolites; natural source of antioxidants and different extracts of this plant possesses good free radical scavenging activity. This present study indicates that ethanolic extract of C. pedata var. glabra has potential antiulcer activity in this tested model. In future, it can be used as a bioactive source of natural antioxidants and are potential natural resources for pharmacology of functional foods.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF RICINODENDRON HEUDELOTII (BAILL.)
Authors: Yakubu Omolara Faith , Adebayo Abiodun Humphrey , Famakinwa Tolulope Oluwasomo , Adegbite Oluwatobi Samuel , Ishola Temitope Arike , Imonikhe Loretta Onoshownen , Adeyemi Oladipupo Alaba , Awotoye Olufisayo Adebola , Iweala Emeka Joshua
Published: January 2018

Objective: This work assessed the antimicrobial activity and toxicological consequence of the ethanolic extract of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill).Methods: The antimicrobial potential of the leaf extract was investigated against 9 different microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ascertained. Toxicity evaluations were carried out on five groups of seven albino rats each for 28 days. Rats in Group A received normal saline, while those in Groups B, C, D, and E received 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of the extract. After treatment, they were anesthetized, blood samples collected for biochemical assays; organs isolated, weighed, and processed for histopathological studies.Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of glycosides, tannins, polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids while saponin was absent. Antimicrobial effect was observed against 7 of the 9 microorganisms tested with inhibition zone and MIC ranging from 18 to 36 mm and 31.25 to 62.5 mg/mL, respectively. Liver function tests were significantly (p<0.05) increased, whereas no significant change in total protein and creatinine levels was observed. Histology showed a sinusoidal congestion and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in groups administered higher doses, and a dose-dependent reduction was observed in some hematological parameters.Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the R. heudelotii may not induce significant toxic effect below 3600 mg/kg b.w. and could serve as an effective antibiotic.
SYNERGISTIC ANTICANDIDAL ACTIVITY OF TWO TERMINALIA SPECIES WITH POLYENE AND AZOLE GROUP OF ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT CLINICAL ISOLATES OF CANDIDA
Authors: Rathod Tejas , Padalia Hemali , Chanda Sumitra
Published: January 2018

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate synergistic anticandidal activity of two Terminalia species with polyene and azole group of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Candida.Methods: The synergistic effect of ethanol extract of leaf of Terminalia cattapa. and Terminalia chebula with six standard antibiotics, namely, amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole (FLC), ketoconazole (KT), clotrimazole (CC), and itraconazole (IT) was evaluated against the clinical isolates by disk diffusion assay.Results: The synergistic activity of the antibiotics with ethanol extract of T. chebula was better than with that of T. cattapa. T. chebula ethanol extract increased the anticandidal effect of azole antibiotics FLC and KT, while it had a less synergistic effect on CC and IT.Conclusion: Therefore, FLC/KT plus ethanol extract of T. chebula can be an interesting and alternative source of anticandidal agent against Candida species.
FORMULATION OF POLYHERBOMINERAL MATRICES FOR TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Mulchand Shende , Seema Mendhekar
Published: January 2018

Objective: Herbal drugs are finding the new source of promising drugs for the treatment and cure of various ailments. The present research work deals with the formulation and evaluation of herbomineral formulation indicated for osteoporosis.Materials and Methods: The aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna (ARJ), Asthisamhara (ASTM), Gokhru (GKH), Ashwagandha (ASG) and dried powder of drugs Sunthi (ST), Padmakashta (PDMS), Laksha (PLSH) and Jestamadha were prepared and formulated into a herbomineral tablet with organic calcium viz.; Godanti Bhasma (Godan) and Kukkutandatvak Bhasma (Kukk) by wet granulation.Results: The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters such as colour, average weight, hardness, friability and disintegration time, which were found acceptable as per pharmacopoeial specifications. The weight variation (450 mg±10%), pH (4.58), disintegration time (17 min) and hardness (1.25 kg/cm2) were found within acceptable range. The quantitative estimation of calcium by atomic absorbance spectrophotometry was carried out using ethanol-water solvent extraction method and found 76.27 ± 0.439 mg/tab of elemental calcium in optimized F4 formulation.Conclusion: The developed herbomineral formulation is suitable for calcium deficiency by balancing hormonal imbalance and increases the rate of ossification of bone which helps to curing bone fracture, osteoporosis and calcium deficiency related problems.