bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auditor Going Concern Opinions and Bank Systemic Risk: Evidence from the 2007–2009 Financial Crisis
Authors: Albrecht Anne , Glendening Matthew , Kim Kyonghee , Pereira Raynolde
Published: April 2020

Following the 2007–2009 financial crisis, regulators and investor groups alleged that auditors were reluctant to issue going concern opinions (GCOs) to distressed banks during the crisis, raising questions about the quality of auditors' GCO decisions. This paper investigates whether systemic risk influences auditors' GCO decisions during the crisis due to potential adverse spillover effects. Using 496 bank-year observations, we find that auditors are less likely to issue a GCO to systemically risky banks, and this auditor behavior reduces Type I errors without increasing Type II errors. The effects are more pronounced during the crisis period, especially for banks that are large and connected, have lower litigation risk, or are audited by Big 4 auditors or industry specialists. Overall, our findings suggest that during the crisis period, auditors were less likely to over-issue GCOs to systemically risky banks, resulting in more accurate GCOs.

JEL Classifications: M42; G20.
Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion fundamentally requires H2O2 signaling by NADPH oxidase 4
Authors: Admin Ada , Plecitá-Hlavatá Lydie , Jabůrek Martin , Holendová Blanka , Tauber Jan , Pavluch Vojtěch , Berková Zuzana , Cahová Monika , Schroeder Katrin , Brandes Ralf P. , Siemen Detlef , Ježek Petr
Published: April 2020

NADPH facilitates glucose-stimulated insulin
secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic islet (PI) b-cells by an as yet unknown mechanism. We found NADPH
oxidase, isoform-4 (NOX4), to be the major producer of cytosolic H2O2,
essential for GSIS, while the increase in ATP/ADP alone was insufficient. The fast
GSIS phase was absent in PIs from NOX4-null, b-cell-specific knockout mice (NOX4bKO) (not NOX2KO), and NOX4-silenced
or catalase-overexpressing INS-1E cells. Lentiviral NOX4 overexpression or H2O2
rescued GSIS in PIs from NOX4bKO mice. NOX4 silencing suppressed Ca2+ oscillations and the patch-clamped
ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opened more frequently at
high glucose. Mitochondrial H2O2, decreasing upon GSIS,
provided an alternative redox signaling when 2-oxo-isocaproate or fatty acid
oxidation formed superoxide by electron-transport flavoprotein:Q-oxidoreductase. Unlike GSIS, this ceased with mitochondrial
antioxidant SkQ1. Both NOX4KO and NOX4bKO strains exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and
peripheral insulin resistance. Thus the redox signaling previously suggested to
cause b-cell-self-checking – hypothetically induces insulin resistance when
absent. In conclusion, ATP plus H2O2 elevations
constitute an essential switch-on signal of insulin exocytosis for glucose and
branched-chain oxoacids as secretagogues (partly for fatty acids). Redox
signaling could be impaired by cytosolic antioxidants, hence those targeting
mitochondria should be preferred for clinical applications to treat (pre)diabetes
at any stage.
Dapagliflozin Versus Placebo on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Diabetes and Heart Failure: The REFORM Trial
Authors: Singh Jagdeep S.S. , Mordi Ify R. , Vickneson Keeran , Fathi Amir , Donnan Peter T. , Mohan Mohapradeep , Choy Anna Maria J. , Gandy Stephen , George Jacob , Khan Faisel , Pearson Ewan R. , Houston J. Graeme , Struthers Allan D. , Lang Chim C.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effects of dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on left ventricular (LV) remodeling using cardiac MRI.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We randomized 56 patients with T2DM and HF with LV systolic dysfunction to dapagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo for 1 year, on top of usual therapy. The primary end point was difference in LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) using cardiac MRI. Key secondary end points included other measures of LV remodeling and clinical and biochemical parameters.

RESULTS

In our cohort, dapagliflozin had no effect on LVESV or any other parameter of LV remodeling. However, it reduced diastolic blood pressure and loop diuretic requirements while increasing hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ketone bodies. There was a trend toward lower weight.

CONCLUSIONS

We were unable to determine with certainty whether dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM and HF had any effect on LV remodeling. Whether the benefits of dapagliflozin in HF are due to remodeling or other mechanisms remains unknown.
Lipid Profile in Indian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The Scope for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction
Authors: Jayakumari Chellamma , Jabbar Puthiyaveettil Khadar , Soumya Sarayu , Jayakumar R.V. , Das Darvin Vamadevan , Girivishnu Gopi , Gopi Anjana , Gomez Ramesh , Sreenath Ravindranath , Nair Abilash
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

Reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in patients with diabetes requires proper management of lipid parameters. This study aimed to find the pattern of dyslipidemia and scope of ASCVD risk reduction in patients with diabetes by lipid management.

METHODS

Clinical, biochemical, and medication profiles of all patients with diabetes attending a tertiary diabetes care hospital over a 2-year period were collected. The prevalence of various lipid abnormalities was determined after excluding patients with thyroid dysfunction and those on lipid-lowering medications. Patients were stratified according to LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, and other clinical parameters were compared among the groups. The adequacy of statin treatment was assessed based on American Diabetes Association guidelines.

RESULTS

Nine hundred and seventy-one patients were included. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 40.0%, of whom 14.6% were newly diagnosed. The most common lipid abnormality was elevated LDL cholesterol. Higher A1C and fasting blood glucose values were found to be associated with higher LDL cholesterol levels. Twenty-seven percent of patients with indications for treatment with statins were receiving them. Of those being treated with statins, 42.6% had an LDL cholesterol level ≥100 mg/dL.

CONCLUSION

In South Indian patients with type 2 diabetes and fair glycemic control, high LDL cholesterol is the predominant lipid abnormality. There remains a huge potential for ASCVD risk reduction in this population if the knowledge practice gap is addressed.
Effect of Tack Cure on Polymerization Shrinkage of Resin-based Luting Cements
Authors: Kim Y-S , Choi S-H , Lee B-N , Hwang Y-C , Hwang I-N , Oh W-M , Ferracane JL , Chang H-S
Published: April 2020

Clinical Relevance

Self-cure after tack cure could result in a lower polymerization shrinkage in some resin-based luting cements, which is closely related to lower degree of cure.

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of tack cure on polymerization shrinkage (PS) of resin-based luting cements.

Methods and Materials:

One composite resin cement, Duo-Link (Duolink); two self-adhesive resin cements, RelyX U200 (U200) and G-CEM LinkAce (GCem); and one resin-modified glass ionomer cement, RelyX Luting Plus (Luting+), were used for measuring PS in light-cure (LC group), self-cure (SC group), and two tack-cure modes that were light cured (TC-LC group) or self-cured (TC-SC group) after tack cure. PS was measured by a modified bonded disc method for 1600 seconds and analyzed with two-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference test. To investigate the effect of tack cure on light cure or self-cure, data were analyzed with an independent-samples t-test with tack cure as a variable. The significance level was 5%.

Results:

Regarding cure mode, Duolink showed a significantly lower PS in the TC-SC group compared with the other groups. Luting+ showed a significantly lower PS in the TC-SC group than in the SC group. U200 showed a significantly lower PS in the self-cure groups compared with that in the light-cure groups. The PS of GCem was not affected by cure mode. Regarding cements, Luting+ showed the highest PS, followed by GCem, Duolink, and U200 (p<0.05). Self-cure of Duolink and Luting+ was negatively affected by tack cure, while light cure was not affected. U200 and GCem were not affected by tack cure either in the self-cure or light-cure groups.

Conclusion:

For the tested cements, tack cure decreased the PS of Duolink and Luting+ when they were self-cured after tack cure. When the cements were light cured after tack cure, PS was not affected by tack cure in any cement.
Degree of Conversion Contributes to Dentin Bonding Durability of Contemporary Universal Adhesives
Authors: Tichy A , Hosaka K , Abdou A , Nakajima M , Tagami J
Published: April 2020

Clinical Relevance

The degree of conversion of contemporary universal adhesives positively correlates with the bond strength to dentin. The correlation is more marked after thermocycling, suggesting that a high degree of conversion is required for long-term dentin bonding durability.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of five contemporary universal adhesives to dentin after 24 hours and thermocycling (TC), to measure their degrees of conversion (DC) and to test the correlation between μTBS and DC.

Methods and Materials: Four commercially available universal adhesives, Prime&Bond universal (PBU), Ecosite Bond (EB), G-Premio Bond (GPB), and Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (UBQ), and one experimental adhesive, UBQ without an amide monomer (UBQ-A), were used in this study. For the μTBS test, midcoronal dentin of 50 human molars was exposed, ground using 600-grit SiC paper, and the adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After resin-composite buildup and 24-hour water storage, one-half of the specimens were subjected to 15,000 thermal cycles. The specimens were sectioned into beams and stressed in tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The DC of adhesives applied to dentin was evaluated using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy immediately after light-curing. All data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 0.05.

Results: The highest μTBSs were obtained with UBQ, UBQ-A, and PBU, which were not significantly different from each other both after 24 hours and TC. The μTBS of GPB was lower compared with the aforementioned adhesives, but significantly only after TC, and the lowest μTBSs were obtained with EB. TC did not affect the μTBSs of UBQ, UBQ-A, and PBU significantly, but a significant decrease was observed with GPB and EB. The highest DC was obtained with PBU and UBQ, followed by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate–rich adhesives UBQ-A and EB, which exhibited significantly lower DCs. The DC of GPB could not be determined because the reference peak at 1608 cm−1 was not detected in its spectra. A significant positive correlation was shown between μTBS and DC after 24 hours (r=0.716) and TC (r=0.856).

Conclusion: μTBS and DC were positively correlated, more markedly after TC, which suggests that DC may be an important factor for bond durability.
Winter Sport Tourism
Authors: Hudson Dr. Simon , Hudson Louise
Published: April 2020

A complete insight into the ever-growing snow sports industry, looking at changing demographics, climate change and how these issues can be managed.
Woody Landscape Plants Used in The Design Of Hospital Gardens and Their Sensory Effects On Users
Authors: SEYİDOĞLU AKDENİZ Nilüfer
Published: April 2020

Hospital gardens are one of the most important connection points between health and nature. The creation of visually effective plant compositions in hospital gardens is also important in terms of relaxing users and providing socialization. In this study, observation, data collection and evaluation methods were followed. In the scope of the study, a total of 26 hospital gardens Bursa (Osmangazi, Yıldırım, and Nilüfer) including state and private hospitals in the central districts of Bursa were evaluated. The plant diversity in hospital gardens were examined and form, texture, color and odor characteristics, autumn color effects, sensory effects of the identified taxa, and how they were used in hospital gardens were evaluated. It has been determined that the hospital gardens had a rich plant diversity with 95 woody plant taxa, and 47.37% of the identified plants were natural and 52.63% were exotic species and the gardens were insufficient in terms of planting design. In the hospital gardens, green colors, which gave a sense of tranquility and confidence, were determined to be dominant (81.05%). State hospitals were found to be more successful in terms of plant diversity than private hospitals. In the design of hospital gardens, blue, pink and yellow plant species that make people feel a sense of eternity, desire of living, vitality and love should be included.
ES-QUAL model and customer satisfaction in online banking: evidence from multivariate analysis techniques
Authors: Ahmed Rizwan Raheem , Romeika Giedrius , Kauliene Raimonda , Streimikis Justas , Dapkus Rimantas
Published: April 2020

Research background: The commercial banks are adopting online services for their transactions to stay competitive and fulfill the customers' needs. There is a dire need to satisfy online customers in a competitive environment. Thus, this paper employed the ES-QUAL model and two mediating variables and outlined the recommendations to the management of the online banking industry to develop effective strategies.
Purpose of the article: The undertaken research aimed to examine the electronic banking service quality and customer satisfaction. For this purpose, we employed the ES-QUAL model and examined the direct impact of ES-QUAL dimensions and customer?s satisfaction. The secondary task of this paper is to investigate the mediation effect of customer's trust and the perceived value in an association between the ES-QUAL model and customer satisfaction. Finally, we examine and check whether customer satisfaction translates into the business performance of commercial banks or not.
Methods: To achieve the overall goal of this research, SEM-based multivariate approach has been used, including confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and multiple approaches (normal theory, and bootstrapping) to examine the moderation between the exogenous and endogenous variables. For the validation of hypotheses and results, a financial analysis has been performed simultaneously with the primary analysis. The research is done for a sample of 910 respondents of the account holders of five top commercial banks of Pakistan.
Findings & Value added: The outcomes of the direct investigation revealed an affirmative, and potent impact of ES-QUAL dimensions on customer?s satisfaction. The outcomes of the indirect relationship exhibited that the perceived value and trust mediate ES-QUAL dimensions and customer satisfaction. The secondary data of selected five commercial banks and ratios analysis validated the results of the ES-QUAL model, and it is concluded that the results are linear with the outcomes of customers' satisfaction of primary analysis.
Analysis of modern methods for increasing and managing the financial prosperity of businesses in the context of performance: a case study of the tourism sector in Slovakia
Authors: Onuferová Erika , Čabinová Veronika , Dzurov Vargová Tünde
Published: April 2020

Research background: In the context of constantly changing business environment, the financial sector is focusing on new trends in financial management systems. Nowadays, there is a need to achieve long-term financial growth, so financial managers try to develop new models for managing and improving the financial performance of businesses in economic practice.
Purpose of the article: This article aims to determine the financial performance of travel agencies by applying modern business performance evaluation methods in order to create a performance portfolio (ranking) for the years 2013?2017, subsequently to reveal the concordance rate of order of the selected business entities by comparing applied financial methods in the context of performance benchmarking. The research question is as follows: Does the multidimensional PCA method in the form of the performance portfolio of travel agencies provide similar financial results compared to the EVA indicator?
Methods: For measuring the financial performance of businesses, the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the indicator Economic Value Added (EVA) were chosen. Spearman?s rank-order correlation was applied in order to reveal the concordance rate of the analyzed travel agencies.
Findings & Value added: The results indicate that by applying the PCA method, 6 key performance factors can be identified. Moreover, the findings revealed that the assessment of travel agencies using the PCA method and EVA indicator did not lead to the same financial results. Individual financial methods identified a different number of strong-performing and inefficient business entities. In this backdrop, we concluded that the business performance measurement based on the PCA method is not a suitable alternative to measuring performance using the EVA indicator.
Water scarcity: regional analyses in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018
Authors: Hejduková Pavlína , Kureková Lucie
Published: April 2020

Research background: Water is a scarce natural resource essential for life and also many economic activities. Scarcity of drinking water is a problem that is ad-dressed at national and international levels. Global water demand continues to rise, but the quantity and quality of water resources is declining in many regions. Recent surveys of the population of the Czech Republic show that the most serious global problems are waste accumulation, water pollution, lack of drinking water and air pollution. Average temperatures continue to rise across Europe due to climate change and water is expected to become increasingly scarce in many areas. An adequate supply of good-quality water is a pre-requisite for economic and social development, and thus it is necessary to learn to save water and better manage our available resources in this area.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study was to investigate to what degree environmental problems ? especially the issue of drinking water scarcity ? have been evaluated in the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018 and whether the fear of a lack of drinking water has motivated water conservation.
Methods: A regional analysis of water availability in the Czech Republic and the possible causes of water scarcity has been carried out. Subsequently, selected socio-economic factors that could have an impact on the assessment of drinking water scarcity are analyzed using Gamma and Kendall's Tau and logistic regression. The analyzed time period is from 2014 to 2018. Microdata was taken from the Centre for Research of Public Opinion, and selected regional-level statistics from the Czech Statistical Office have been added to this data to supplement it.
Findings & Value added: The perception of drinking water shortages is not only influenced by indicators representing the volume and price of water in each region, but can also be determined by other socio-economic factors such as income, gender, age and education.
Rural?urban divide in human capital in Poland after 1988
Authors: Wosiek Małgorzata
Published: April 2020

Research background: The subject of the study is the disproportionate development of rural and urban areas in terms of human capital in the context of the convergence process.
Purpose of the article: The main goal of the study is to assess the rural?urban disparities on the educational attainment of the population (adopted as a human capital proxy), based on the example of Poland.
Methods: The Bray-Curtis measure of structures diversity, the Kruskal-Wallis test and regression analysis were applied to investigate the scale and dynamic of the rural?urban educational divide in Poland in the period 1988?2018.
Findings & Value added: The paper emphasizes the aspect of rural?urban differences in the Polish economy and their dynamic nature. Studies have revealed that in 1988?2018, in Poland, the disparity in educational attainment between rural and urban populations was gradually reduced. This process, however, was not accompanied by the reduction of internal educational disparities in the rural space. The study results are helpful in verifying the effectiveness of public funds, allocated in recent years in order to accelerate the multi-functional development of rural areas in Poland and other CEE countries.
Spectral and Energy Efficient D2D Communication Underlay 5G Networks
Authors: Sawsan Selmi , Ridha Bouallègue
Published: April 2020

4G is now deployed all over the world, but requirements are about to change rapidly face to the exponential growth on devices number, local service applications and spectrum scarce. To deal with that, 5G networks integrated Device To Device (D2D) communication as a key technology in its evolving architecture. From 3GPP Rel-12 to Rel-16, D2D succeeded to improve network capacity by enhancing spectrum reuse, data rates and reducing end-to-end latency. However, despite all these advantages, it implies new challenges in 5G system design as interference, spectrum and energy consumption. As a contribution, we propose in this paper a joint spectrum and energy efficient resource allocation algorithm for D2D communications. This approach maximizes the total spectrum efficiency and reduces UEs power consumption. Contrarily to most of previous studies on resource allocation problems considering only centralized and pure strategies approaches, we propose a distributed algorithm based on new mathematical game theory model as an interpretation of mixed strategy non cooperative game. We extend our previous research, by focusing on power consumption issue. Our proposed solution enhances joint SE/EE tradeoff by minimizing interferences and power consumption via a smart RB allocation. This new approach allows users to adopt more accurate strategies and maximize their utilities according to the random network behavior.
The Reflection of Student’s Identity in Social Network Media
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Alekseyenko Irina Vyacheslavovna
Published: April 2020

Nowadays social networks are a driver of social development. The author considers social networks as social media. Social networks became part of daily routine for every young person. They also became agent of forming the solidarity groups. The paper shows that in a context of social instability users try to form a new reference surrounding that can help them to feel more social protected. This surrounding is extremely important for every user. That is why students try to represent themselves on the internet as good as they can be to find more “friends”. The paper applies to the original content analysis research of users’ profiles on the social network “Vkontakte”, studies the features of student`s identity representation in a social networks. Finally, the study concludes that members of communities have formed some rules of behaving and information presentation in social networks based on principles of “reasonable reliance”.
Problems in Implementation the Social Efficiency Assessment of Apartment Building Management
Authors:   Pacific State University, Khyshova Tatyana Valeryevna
Published: April 2020

The housing and communal services sector, being one of the segments of the social sphere that directly determines the conditions of human life support, requires particular attention from the research community. The importance of housing and communal services for the socio-economic development of society implies the need to ensure a high level of efficiency in the management of organizations that provide services. An objective assessment of the social management effectiveness in the housing and communal sector faces considerable difficulties due to the lack of scientific justification and adopted methodology for determining its impact level. The main problem in this area is that the vast majority of services have a number of qualitatively different parameters that are not directly reducible to a single quantitative assessment. The study offers a model that can be used to form a system for evaluating the social effectiveness of management of an apartment building.
Warna Toko Dan Citra Toko (Studi Kasus Pada Toko Stroberi Semarang)
Authors: Wibowo Rony , Agustini M.Y. Dwi Hayu
Published: April 2020

Sebuah toko harus mampu menarik konsumen melalui visual merchandising, sehingga konsumen bersedia melakukan pembelian. Warna sebagai salah satu elemen visual merchandising dapat mempengaruhi persepsi konsumen terhadap citra toko. Toko Stroberi menggunakan warna merah muda yang menonjol dalam tokonya. Warna merah muda memberikan kesan cantik dan manis yang identik dengan wanita dan sesuai dengan produk aksesoris wanita yang dijual toko Stroberi. Dengan kata lain, warna merah muda yang diterapkan pada toko Stroberi dimaksudkan untuk membangun citra toko yang bersifat kewanitaan/feminin. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apakah warna toko Stroberi menciptakan persepsi atas citra toko sesuai dengan warna yang digunakan. Penelitian dilakukan pada 70 remaja putri dan 30 remaja putra yang pernah mengunjungi toko Stroberi. Sampel remaja putra untuk mengkonfirmasi apakah warna toko dipersepsi secara sama oleh remaja putri dan putra. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dan convenience sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja putri mempunyai persepsi yang sama dengan remaja putra terhadap warna toko dan citra toko. Warna dominan toko Stroberi adalah merah muda (yang dimaknai sebagai feminin/bersifat kewanitaan) dan putih (suci dan bersih). Toko Stroberi dicitrakan sebagai toko yang menjual produk aksesoris fashion khusus wanita yang memiliki desain dan tema toko yang feminin. Jadi, warna toko berhasil membentuk citra seperti yang diharapkan pihak toko, yaitu toko yang identik dengan wanita dan feminin.
RAINWATER HARVESTING (RWH) INSTALLATION FOR BUILDINGS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Adnan Azirah , Che Ahmad Asmalia , Teriman Suharto
Published: April 2020

Rainwater that falls upon a roof surface which are collected and transferred to the storage facility for later use is a method known as Rainwater Harvesting (RWH). This method is a step towards conserving the public drinking water where the demand continues to grow worldwide. In Malaysia, there is a huge potential of rainwater harvesting based on the available rainfall amount. Even so, the existing RWH design guideline in Malaysia lacks the technical specification regarding congruousness of RWH installation method with the physical characteristic of the building. Therefore, systematic literature review and meta-analysis were done to identify and understand the suitability between the types of RWH installation system with the building’s physical characteristic. The main objective of this study is to review the existing articles from year 2000 to the present on the installation systems used in RWH for non-potable purposes. The RWH installation system, types of building and building characteristics used in the previous studies will be evaluated in order to understand the suitability or regularity of the combinations. This review uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) as reviewing method. The systematic review process involved four stages which are identification, screening, eligibility and included. The sources of this review are Science Direct and Google Scholar. Results show there are three types of RWH installation system that were identified namely Gravity Fed System (GFS), Indirect Pumping System (IPS) and Direct Pumping System (DPS). DPS is commonly applied for non-potable purposes in residential, commercial and educational buildings. Small yard area, sloping site condition and types of soft landscape will affect the type of RWH installation system to be used. The result can be used to determine the suitability of the RWH installation system for different types and characteristics of a building.
Quality of Chaetoceros calcitrans Cultured with Different Concentrations of Potassium Nitrate (KNO3)
Authors: Prafanda Alfarisi , Julyantoro Pande Gde Sasmita , Wijayanti Ni Putu Putri
Published: April 2020

Addition of different fertilizer concentrations into cultivation media affects the cell density of microalgae. Potassium nitrate (KNO3), is one of the components in Guillard fertilizer composition commonly used for microalgae culture. This study aims to determine the quality of Chaetoceros calcitrans when cultured with different concentration of KNO3. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 at Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BPBAP) Situbondo and Biosain Laboratory, Jember State Politeknik, East Java. This study consists of four treatments and three replicates. The object in this study was C. calcitrans culture with initial density 105 cells/ml. The main parameters observed were cell density, biomass, protein and amino acids contents and medium parameters such as temperature, pH, DO, salinity, nitrate and phosphate. There were four concentrations of KNO3 used in this study, namely control (75 g/l), treatment Group A (100 g/l), treatment B (125 g/l) and treatment C (150 g/l). The results showed that the cells density of C. calcitrans at control, treatment Group A, B and C were 110.4; 105.2; 108.3; and 100.8 (×104 cells/ml), respectively. This study indicated that different concentration of KNO3 affect the starting point of stationary phase, but One Way ANOVA test showed that those treatments had no significant effect (P?0,05) on the growth rate and dry biomass of C. calcitrans. Finally, we found that the protein content in addition of 75, 100, 125 and 150 g/l KNO3 were 9.748; 8.802; 6.812; and 3.776%, respectively.
Perlindungan Hukum Persaingan Usaha Terhadap Indikasi Persekongkolan Tender Jack Up Drilling Rig Services Antara HUSKY-CNOOC MADURA LIMITED Dengan PT COSL INDO (Analisis Putusan KPPU No. 03/KPPU-L/2016)
Authors: Suradiyanto Suradiyanto , Pratiwie Dinny Wirawan
Published: April 2020

Conspiracy use various way for coordinate activities they like through settings production, determination price horizontally, collusive tendering, division area, division consumer as a non-territorial, and division share market, even though similarly we need realize it that effective conspiracy it is not easy for achieved. However there trend the perpetrators business will always attempted maximizing profit his company respectively. Must there is some requirement in occurrence a conspiracy is must existence deal agreement or collusion between perpetrators effort. There is two form collusion in conspiracy, namely: collusion explicit, where the member communicate and coordinate deal they on real/live can declared with some document agreement already they agree, the data regarding the joint audit, management conspiracy, policies-policies writing, sales data and other data. There is also collusion secretly, where the perpetrators business member conspiracy no communicate on blatant, usually meetings too held on secret. And regular use as the media is association industry, so meetings member conspiracy camouflaged with legal meetings such as meeting associations. Form the second collusion this very difficult for detected by enforcer law. However experience from various country prove that at least 30% of conspiracy is involve associations.
Construction and testing of a drinking water disinfection and filtration system for developing nations
Authors: Seaberg Joshua , Weckler Paul , Ringer Joshua , Wilber Gregory
Published: April 2020

Abstract –A drinking water disinfection and filtration system was designed using inexpensive and accessible materials. The prototype was constructed from two barrels and a pump that circulated water through a gravity sand filter before injection with locally-generated chlorine produced through saline electrolysis. System turbidity reduction and disinfection effectiveness was determined using surface water from -----. Ninety gallons of water showed a 70% reduction in turbidity and no coliform bacteria were detected after ninety minutes of operation. The system was built for less than $900 (2017) and is safe, simple, and reliable.
Letter from the Editor: Pivot
Authors: Bielefeldt Angela
Published: April 2020

This letter acknowledges and thanks the previous Editor-in-Chief, Thomas Colledge. Notes there is a relatively new Editor-in-Chief for IJSLE. Issues a call for individuals to submit ideas for future special issues of the journal. Recognizes unusual circumstances associated with the global pandemic.
PERANCANGAN PURWARUPA KARTU BELAJAR BERTEKSTUR SEBAGAI MEDIA UNTUK MENGENALKAN HURUF PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Rahman Yanuar , Arumsari Rizki Yantami , Azhar Devi Arifiani
Published: April 2020

Masa keemasan (golden ages) bagi seorang anak merupakan masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang merupakan periode kritis dan berdampak pada perkembangan aspek kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor anak. Pada masa ini orang tua kerap menstimulus berbagai dimensi perkembangan anak dengan beragam cara. Salah satunya adalah ranah kognitif yang sering distimulus dengan banyak jalan, misalnya dengan menggunakan kartu sebagai media belajar. Pada saat ini, telah begitu banyak varian kartu belajar yang dapat ditemui, namun didominasi oleh kartu yang ditujukan untuk dicerap oleh indera pengelihatan. Padahal begitu banyak potensi yang bisa dioptimalkan oleh kartu-kartu jenis ini, misalnya kartu belajar yang bisa dicerap oleh indera peraba, selain pengelihatan. Melalui pengamatan, studi pustaka, wawancara dan proses perancangan, penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah produk purwarupa yang mengeksplorasi bentuk-bentuk baru dari kartu belajar, terutama yang dapat digunakan dengan cara dilihat dan diraba. Purwarupa kartu ini bisa dimanfaatkan bagi anak-anak dalam membantu cara belajar mereka, lebih jauh lagi kartu ini dapat dioptimalkan sebagai alat bantu oleh anak-anak berkebutuhan khusus.

Kata kunci: kartu, belajar, tekstur, indera peraba, anak-anak
Osteosarcoma in a Man Referred for Lumbar Radiculopathy
Authors: Brown April J. , Gonzalez Ashley
Published: April 2020

A 48-year-old man reported right hip pain and low back pain and was referred to physical therapy by an orthopaedic surgeon after magnetic resonance imaging revealed an L1-2 symmetrical disc bulge. His chief complaint was worsening right groin pain. Following examination, the patient attended 3 treatment visits; however, each visit exacerbated the patient's groin pain, so the physical therapist recommended the patient return to his surgeon for hip imaging. Radiographs revealed a right proximal femur osseous lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging was subsequently performed, and a biopsy established the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(4):214. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9131
Sephardim and their language: Judeo-Spanish or Ladino?
Authors: De Chyży Jakub
Published: April 2020

The aim of this work is to describe the most relevant features of the languages spoken by the Sephardic Jews, focusing on Judeo-Spanish and Ladino. These two languages have been treated as a single language, even though Judeo-Spanish was a day-to-day communication language, and Ladino a calque-language used to translate religious texts from Hebrew during the 16th and 17th centuries. A brief overview of Sephardim historical background is necessary in order to understand who the Sephardim are, the development of their language and literature, and to discuss anything related to them.
Компаративный анализ русских и английских сленговых антрополексем риска
Authors: Kundrotas Gintautas , Vizgirdė Lina
Published: April 2020

В данной статье проводится сопоставительный анализ русских и английских антрополексем молодёжного сленга. Антрополексемы – это антропоцентрически ориентированные номинации, раскрывающие качественные характеристики человека. Антрополексемы – разнородный, в семантическом плане, фрагмент языкового словаря, отражающий специфику ассоциативного мышления, особенности восприятия окружающего мира, других людей и самого себя. Сопоставительный анализ единиц данной микросистемы в русском и английском молодёжном сленге продемонстрировал целый ряд семантических сходств.
Dyscyplina na lekcji – czy jest możliwa bez kar i nagród?
Authors: Kowalczyk-Jaworska Marlena
Published: April 2020

Nauczyciele, ucząc dzieci, często mierzą się z problemem dyscypliny na zajęciach. Uczniowie nie zawsze chcą wykonywać polecenia, wdają się w rozmowy z kolegami podczas lekcji czy bawią się przedmiotami, które mają pod ręką. Wielokrotnie tego typu zachowania wprowadzają chaos i dezorganizują pracę całej grupy. Aby temu zaradzić i zmotywować uczniów do nauki, wielu nauczycieli decyduje się na wprowadzenie systemu kar i nagród. Pojawiają się plusy i minusy, dodatkowe oceny, a także nagrody rzeczowe, na przykład pieczątki, naklejki czy słodycze. Poprawa w zachowaniu uczniów zwykle jest widoczna, lecz równie często jest ona krótkotrwała. Systemy motywacyjne mają też inne liczne wady. Artykuł opisuje problem dyscypliny w grupach dziecięcych, a także systemy motywacyjne wraz z ich pozytywnymi i negatywnymi skutkami. Przedstawione są również alternatywne sposoby utrzymania dyscypliny na zajęciach i budowania motywacji uczniów.
Problematyka odmian językowych współczesnego języka czeskiego w procesie glottodydaktycznym
Authors: Ptak Lenka , Gwóźdź-Szewczenko Ilona
Published: April 2020

Przedmiotem rozważań w niniejszym artykule jest problematyka specyficznego rozwarstwienia współczesnego języka czeskiego, która zostanie przedstawiona w perspektywie glottodydaktycznej. Autorki skupiły się na tematyce nauczania języka czeskiego studentów bohemistyki poza granicami Republiki Czeskiej. Kwestia sytuacji językowej w Czechach stanowi duże utrudnienie zarówno dla lektorów, jak i studentów i jest przedmiotem nieustającego dyskursu metodologicznego, który wiodą czescy i zagraniczni glottodydaktycy oraz językoznawcy.
Перевод ономастических реалий (на примере польских и русских переводов романов Дж.К. Роулинг о Гарри Поттере)
Authors: Guseva Olga , Konoshenkova Anna
Published: April 2020

Статья посвящена анализу способов передачи ономастических реалий на польском и русском языках на материале романов Дж. К. Роулинг о Гарри Поттере. В ономастическом пространстве романов выделено 809 реалий, которые были проанализированы с точки зрения ономастики и переводоведения и разделены на группы онимов: антропонимы, зоонимы, топонимы, эргонимы, хрематонимы, порейонимы, прагматонимы, идеонимы. Для каждой группы анализировались способы перевода, использованные польским и русскими переводчиками, выделялись наиболее частотные способы перевода. В результате проведенного исследования была разработана новая классификация способов перевода ономастических реалий.
Korpusy równoległe a język i społeczeństwo, czyli o znaczeniu, praktycznym zastosowaniu i perspektywach rozwoju lingwistyki korpusowej (na przykładzie korpusów równoległych polsko-ukraińskiego i polsko-rosyjskiego)
Authors: Tymoshuk Roman
Published: April 2020

Artykuł porusza kwestie dotyczące roli lingwistyki korpusowej oraz badań interdyscyplinarnych we współczesnym językoznawstwie. Omówione zostały możliwości zastosowania wielojęzycznych zasobów cyfrowych w badaniach lingwistycznych. Przedstawiono przykłady wykorzystania korpusów równoległych w badaniach nad współczesnym słownictwem i frazeologią języków słowiańskich. Rozważania prowadzą do wniosku, że obecnie, gdy coraz bardziej rośnie zapotrzebowanie na zastosowanie mechanizmów języka naturalnego w systemach informacyjno-komputerowych oraz interakcji człowiek–komputer, konieczny jest rozwój zasobów i narzędzi do przetwarzania języka umożliwiających skuteczne pokonywanie barier językowych. Pozwoli to na bliższą współpracę między badaczami reprezentującymi różne nauki.
Narzędzia do analizy mowy – przegląd dostępnych programów i bibliotek
Authors: Pieniowska Karolina
Published: April 2020

Artykuł przedstawia zestawienie popularnych narzędzi do analizy mowy w formie programów dostępnych do pobrania i w formie bibliotek w różnych językach programowania. W pierwszej części zestawione zostały programy służące do wizualizacji sygnału mowy, edytowania, analizy (na przykład pomiarów częstotliwości podstawowej, intensywności czy formantów) oraz anotacji (segmentacji, transkrypcji i etykietowania nagrań). W drugiej części przedstawiono wybrane biblioteki dostępne na stronie GitHub, które służą do akustycznej, fonetyczno-fonologicznej oraz prozodycznej analizy nagrań. Wszystkie narzędzia zostały opisane z uwzględnieniem ich funkcji i możliwości, źródeł, autorów, licencji, na jakich są udostępniane. W ostatnim rozdziale artykułu podjęto próbę ewaluacji opisanych programów, biorąc pod uwagę liczbę i użyteczność ich funkcjonalności.
Е.А. Зацепина, Англицизмы в современном русском языке рубежа XX–XXI столетий: этимологическая справка и функциональный спектр
Authors: Mokienko Valery
Published: April 2020

В рецензии даётся анализ монографии Е.А.Зацепиной, посвящённой англо-американским заимствованиям в современном русском языке. Отмечается особая интенсивность проникновения заимствований в русский язык, вызванная общественно-политическими и экономическими изменениями в России. Подчёркивается различие между характером лексических и фразеологических заимствований: если первые обычно усваиваются в англоязычной форме, то вторые передаются на русский язык в форме фразеологических калек.
Microplastic pollution a real global danger
Authors: Ţîntoc Alina , Pîntea Ioana , Bălan Elena , Manea Alina-Silviana , Orbeanu Janina , Neacşu Marius Sorinel , Mititelu Magdalena
Published: April 2020

Plastic pollution in the oceans and inland waters is a serious problem that affects not only the aquatic environment, but also humans. People are potentially exposed to microplastics through food, drink and air. Polyester fiber is one of the most abundant types of microplastics in the environment. Much of the fiber that enters wastewater treatment plants reaches sewage sludge, which is used as soil fertilizer in many countries. Therefore, preventive and corrective measures should be taken at international, governmental and consumer level to assess the toxicity of common polymers, to reduce the use of plastic and to encourage the use of alternative materials, recycling and the adoption of sustainable practices in the use of plastics and plastic pollution management. There is growing evidence that microplastic pollution (plastic particles below 5 mm in size) is now present in almost all marine ecosystems, even in remote areas, such as the Arctic and Antarctic. Once released into the marine environment the ecological fate of microplastics primarily depends on the density of the polymer that influences buoyancy, position in the water column and possible interaction with the biota.
Drug Repurposing Approach Targeted Against Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2 Exploiting ‘Neighbourhood Behaviour’ in 3D Protein Structural Space and 2D Chemical Space of Small Molecules
Authors: Chakraborti Sohini , Srinivasan Narayanaswamy
Published: April 2020

The current global crisis due to COVID-19 has almost brought normal life to standstill in most parts of the world. With our research interest on repurposing known drugs/drug candidates targeting various diseases, we decided to analyse the available data on the deadly pathogen that has already taken thousands of lives since its outbreak in China in December 2019. Our host institute is now shutdown and we are confining ourselves to our homes with limited access to computational resources. Using a simple in silico approach based on the principle of ‘neighbourhood behaviour’ in three-dimensional (3D) space and two-dimensional (2D) space of protein and small molecules respectively, we have identified potential drugs/drug candidates which can be repurposed against protein targets encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Based on our preliminary analysis, we have so far prioritized more than 20 known drugs/drug candidates which might elucidate anti-coronavirus properties by binding to main protease of the pathogen. These drugs belong to diverse therapeutic areas such as antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial agents etc. Notably, apart from many synthetic molecules, our analysis also hints that phytochemicals obtained from vinca plant (vinca alkaloids) and camptotheca tree (camptothecin and its derivatives) have the potential to bind to main protease of SARS-CoV-2. In-depth investigation on our findings are currently on-going. Here we are presenting the results we obtained so far. The sole purpose of making these preliminary findings openly available to the community is for the experimental biologists and biomedical researchers to investigate our predictions in experimental set ups and for the clinicians to evaluate the potential of these findings for anti-COVID-19 treatment. Our findings should only be used for research purposes and we strongly urge that no individual should interpret these findings for any self-diagnosis or self-medication without the prior approval from competent international health/medical regulatory agencies.
OS PRINCÍPIOS ÉTICOS DA DIGNIDADE HUMANA À LUZ DA DEMOCRACIA ASSOCIATIVA DE RONALD DWORKIN
Authors: Santa Brígida Yasmim Salgado , Pinheiro Victor Sales
Published: April 2020

Analisa-se em que medida a dignidade humana é uma exigência ética na democracia associativa. Apresenta-se a concepção de dignidade humana de Ronald Dworkin baseada nos princípios morais do valor intrínseco da vida e o da responsabilidade pessoal, inspirados na ética kantiana. Relacionam-se os institutos morais com a organização política social, em relação ao governo e ao judiciário. A pesquisa é bibliográfica qualitativa com análise das obras “Justiça para Ouriços” e “La Democracia Possible”. Conclui-se ser imprescindível o fortalecimento da democracia associativa visando o respeito às exigências da dignidade humana como limite às ações do governo para a vida boa.
MULTICULTURALISMO E PROTEÇÃO JURÍDICO-INDUSTRIAL DA SABEDORIA DETIDA PELAS POPULAÇÕES TRADICIONAIS NA AMAZÔNIA.
Authors: Carvalho Daniela Gonçalves de
Published: April 2020

O trabalho a seguir apresenta um estudo sobre o Multiculturalismo, tomando como marco teórico a obra de Kymlicka acerca do tema da multipluralidade social e do devido reconhecimento de populações tradicionais. O recorte é feito a partir da proteção jurídica das populações indígenas da Amazônia, levando em conta a especial riqueza natural da região. Examinaremos, primeiramente, o aparato institucional de proteção, e, em seguida os instrumentos de proteção da propriedade natural e intelectual da sabedoria indígena, expondo a fragilidade do ordenamento brasileiro nesse ponto tão sensível.
Bolhas Sociais e seus efeitos na Sociedade da Informação: ditadura do algoritmo e entropia na Internet
Authors: Barreto Junior Irineu Francisco , Miniuchi Pellizzari Bruno Henrique
Published: April 2020

Este artigo analisa o cenário de transformações tecnológicas, econômicas, sociais, culturais e políticas denominado Sociedade da Informação, especialmente os efeitos dos algoritmos de aplicações tecnológicas na formação das denominadas bolhas sociais, espécie de confinamento informático ao qual são submetidos os usuários das ferramentas on-line. Sua metodologia é a investigativa Jurídico Sociológica que se propõe a compreender o fenômeno jurídico no ambiente social mais amplo. Conclui que bolhas sociais, acompanhadas das Fake News e da erosão de valores republicanos e liberais podem, potencialmente, obnubilar o ambiente democrático e afastar os cidadãos de escolhas refletidas e racionais.