bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF ANDROID-BASED INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA ON ATOM STRUCTURE MATERIALS ON LEARNING OUTCOMES AND STUDENT MOTIVATION
Authors: Yudha Sandy , Nurfajriani Nurfajriani , Silaban Ramlan
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of implementing Android-based interactive multimedia on learning outcomes and student motivation at SMA Negeri 1 Binjai, Langkat Regency. The method used in this research is the descriptive quantitative research method. The data collection instruments used in this study were questionnaires (questionnaires) and tests. The data analysis technique used in this research is a quantitative descriptive analysis using the one-sample t-test formula and correlation test. The learning outcomes of students who are taught using Android-based interactive multimedia obtained by students are higher than the KKM value set at school, which is 75, with an average value of student learning outcomes of 86.91 and a sig. = 0.000 <0.05 from the results of the one-sample t-test conducted. The results of the student's motivation towards android-based interactive multimedia obtained an average percentage of 87.57 in the highly motivated category. Motivation and learning outcomes of students have a positive relationship with a very strong strength with the obtained Pearson Correlation value of 0.941 and a coefficient of determination of 88.5%.
From Particle-in-a-Box Thought Experiment to a Complete Quantum Theory?
Authors: Chen Jixin
Published: August 2023

Einstein: God does not play dice and nothing travels faster than the speed of light. Schrödinger: My cat cannot be both dead and alive. Dirac: The existing quantum theory should not be considered to be the final solution. Feynman: How does it work? de Broglie: My matter wave has an imaginary part. Me: Great! This could be the missing piece the others have been looking for.
Bifunctional Au-Sn-SiO2 catalysts promote the direct upgrading of glycerol to lactates
Authors: Van der Verren Margot , Corrias Anna , Vykoukal Vit , Styskalik Ales , Aprile Carmela , Debecker Damien P.
Published: August 2023

Valuable alkyl lactates can be obtained from (waste) glycerol, through a two-step process that entails (i) the oxidation to dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and (ii) a rearrangement of DHA with an alcohol. While the latter reaction is effectively catalyzed by Sn-based heterogeneous catalysts, the former reaction can be carried out with Au-based catalysts. The overall process, however, is penalized by a limited selectivity of supported gold nanoparticles in the first reaction, which strongly restrains the overall lactate yield. To avoid transitional purification steps, it appears interesting to run the process as a cascade reaction, in one step, and ideally with bifunctional catalysts. The preparation of such catalysts, however, remains a challenge. Here, bifunctional catalysts are prepared in one step, through a straightforward aerosol-assisted sol-gel route. The catalysts feature small Au nanoparticles (3-4 nm) embedded at the surface of mesoporous Sn-doped silica microspheres. The preparation successfully leads to insert both active sites in their most active forms, and in close proximity. With the bifunctional catalysts, the selectivity for the final product of the cascade reaction (methyl lactate) is higher than the DHA selectivity when only the first reaction is carried out. This highlights a beneficial substrate channeling effect which helps avoiding side reactions. Interestingly, the bifunctional catalysts also markedly outcompeted mechanical mixtures of the corresponding Au- and Sn-based catalysts. Thus, the spatial proximity between the two active sites in bifunctional catalysts is identified as a key to stir the cascade reaction towards high yield.
Saturated Cannabinoids: Update on synthesis strategies and biological studies of these emerging cannabinoid analogs.
Authors: Docampo-Palacios Maite , Ramirez Giovanni , Tesfatsion Tesfay , Okhovat Alex , Pittiglio Monica , Ray Kyle , Cruces Westley
Published: August 2023

Natural and non-natural hexahydrocannabinols (HHC) were first described in 1940 by Adam and in late 2021 arose on the drug market in the United States and in some European countries. A background on the discovery, synthesis, and pharmacology studies of hydrogenated and saturated cannabinoids is described. This is harmonized with a summary and comparison of the cannabinoid receptor affinities of various classical, hybrid, and non-classical saturated cannabinoids. A discussion of structure-activity relationships with the four different pharmacophores found in the cannabinoid scaffold is added to this review. According to laboratory studies in vitro, and in several animal species in vivo, HHC is reported to have broadly similar effects to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the main psychoactive substance in cannabis, as demonstrated both in vitro and in several animal species in vivo. However, the effects of HHC treatment have not been studied in humans, and thus a biological profile has not been established.
Baricitinib and tofacitinib off-target profile, with a focus on Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Faquetti Maria Luisa , Slappendel Laura , Bigonne Hélène , Aichinger Georg , Grisoni Francesca , Schneider Petra , Schneider Gisbert , Burden Andrea , Sturla Shana
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors were recently identified as promising drug candidates for repurposing in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) due to their capacity to suppress inflammation via modulation of JAK/STAT signalling pathways. Besides interaction with primary therapeutic targets, JAK inhibitor drugs frequently interact with unintended, often unknown, biological off-targets, leading to associated effects. Nevertheless, the relevance of JAK inhibitors off-target interactions in the context of AD remains unclear. Methods: Putative off-targets of baricitinib and tofacitinib were predicted using a machine learning (ML) approach. After screening scientific literature, off-targets were filtered based on their relevance to AD. Targets that had not been previously identified as off-targets of baricitinib or tofacitinib were subsequently tested using biochemical or cell-based assays. From those, active concentrations were compared to bioavailable concentrations in the brain predicted by physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling. Results: With the aid of ML and in vitro activity assays, we identified two enzymes previously unknown to be inhibited by baricitinib, namely casein kinase 2 subunit alpha 2 (CK2-alpha-2) and dual leucine zipper kinase (MAP3K12), both with Kd values of 5.8 uM. Predicted maximum concentrations of baricitinib in brain tissue using PBPK modelling range from 1.3 to 23 nM, which is two to three orders of magnitude below the corresponding binding constant. Conclusion: In this study, we extended the list of baricitinib off-targets that are potentially relevant for AD progression and predicted drug distribution in the brain. The results suggest a low likelihood of successful repurposing in AD due to low brain permeability, even at the maximum recommended daily dose. While additional research is needed to evaluate the potential impact of the off-target interaction on AD, the combined approach of ML target prediction, in vitro confirmation, and PBPK modelling may help prioritise drugs with a high likelihood of being effectively repurposed for AD.
Reinforcement learning prioritizes general applicability in reaction optimization
Authors: Wang Jason Y. , Stevens Jason M. , Kariofillis Stavros K. , Tom Mai-Jan , Li Jun , Tabora Jose E. , Parasram Marvin , Shields Benjamin , Primer David , Hao Bo , Del Valle David , DiSomma Stacey , Furman Ariel , Zipp G. Greg , Melnikov Sergey , Paulson James , Doyle Abigail
Published: August 2023

Reaction conditions that are generally applicable to a wide variety of substrates are highly desired. While many approaches exist to evaluate the general applicability of developed conditions, a universal approach to efficiently discover such conditions during optimizations de novo is rare. In this work, we report the design, implementation, and application of reinforcement learning bandit optimization models to identify generally applicable conditions in a variety of chemical transformations. Performance benchmarking on existing datasets statistically showed high accuracies for identifying general conditions. A palladium-catalyzed imidazole C–H arylation reaction and an aniline amide coupling reaction were investigated experimentally to demonstrate utilities of our learning model in practice.
A Workflow for Identifying Viable Crystal Structures with Partially Occupied Sites Applied to Solid Electrolyte: Cubic Li7La3Zr2O12
Authors: Holland Julian , Demeyere Tom , Bhandari Arihant , Hanke Felix , Milman Victor , Skylaris Chris-Kriton
Published: August 2023

Experimental and theoretical works have, to date, been unable to uncover the ground state configuration of prominent solid electrolyte candidate cubic Li$_7$La$_3$Zr$_2$O$_{12}$ (c-LLZO). Computational studies rely on an initial low-energy structure as a reference point. In this study, we present a methodology to identify energetically favourable configurations of c-LLZO, enabling the isolation of low-energy structures, for a crystallographically predicted structure. We begin by eliminating structures that involve overlapping Li atoms based on nearest neighbour counts. We further reduce the configuration space by eliminating symmetry images from all remaining structures. This is followed up with a machine learning-based energetic ordering of all remaining structures. By considering the geometrical constraints that emerge from this methodology we determine that a large portion of previously reported structures may not be feasible or stable. The method developed here could be extended to other ion conductors and partially occupied crystals. Furthermore, we provide all structures generated in a freely accessible database with the aim to improve accuracy and reproducibility in future c-LLZO research.
Using AlphaFold and Experimental Structures for the Prediction of the Structure and Binding Affinities of GPCR Complexes via Induced Fit Docking and Free Energy Perturbation
Authors: Coskun Dilek , Lihan Muyun , Rodrigues Joao , Vass Marton , Robinson Daniel , Friesner Richard , Miller Edward
Published: August 2023

Free energy perturbation (FEP) remains an indispensable method for computationally assaying prospective compounds in advance of synthesis. But before FEP can be deployed prospectively, it must demonstrate retrospective recapitulation of known experimental data where the subtle details of the atomic ligand-receptor model are consequential. An open question is whether AlphaFold models can serve as useful initial models for FEP in the regime where there exists a congeneric series of known chemical matter but where no experimental structures are available either of the target or of close homologues. As AlphaFold structures are provided without a ligand bound, we employ induced-fit docking to refine the AlphaFold models in the presence of one or more congeneric ligands. In this work, we first validate the performance of our latest induced-fit docking technology, IFD-MD on a retrospective set of public experimental GPCR structures with 95% of crossdocks producing a pose with a ligand RMSD ≤ 2.5 Å in the top 2 predictions. We then apply IFD-MD and FEP on AlphaFold models of the somatostatin receptor family of GPCRs. We use AlphaFold models produced prior to the availability of any experi-mental structure from within this family. We arrive at FEP-validated models for SSTR2, SSTR4, and SSTR5, with RMSE around 1 kcal/mol and explore the challenges of model validation under scenarios of limited ligand-data, ample ligand data, and categorical data.
A Porous Azatruxene Covalent Organic Framework as Positive Electrode Materials in Li- and Mg-based Batteries
Authors: Pallasch Sebastian , Bhosale Manik , Smales Glen J. , Schmidt Caroline , Riedel Sibylle , Zhao-Karger Zhirong , Esser Birgit , Dumele Oliver
Published: August 2023

Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) containing well-defined redox-active groups have become competitive materials for next-generation batteries. Although a high rate performance can be expected, only few examples of p-type COFs have been reported for charge storage to date, with even fewer examples showing the use of COFs in multivalent ion batteries. Herein, we report the synthesis of an azatruxene-based COF and its application as positive electrode material in Li- and Mg-based batteries. Through solvothermal condensation a highly porous and crystalline COF was obtained, as confirmed by N2 adsorption and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The electron-rich azatruxene monomer shows up to three reversible one-electron oxidations making it an attractive material for anion storage. When this material is utilized in Li-based cells as a COF/CNT electrode, an average discharge potential of 3.9 V is obtained with discharge capacities of up to 70 mA h g−1 at a 2C rate. In Mg batteries using a tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy) borate electrolyte cycling proceeds with an average discharge voltage of 2.9 V. Even at a fast current rate of 5C, the capacity retention amounts to 84% over 1000 cycles, and the cells deliver an energy density of 112 W h kg−1.
Cost Estimation of the Sustainable Production of MIL-100(Fe) at Industrial Scale from two upscaled synthesis routes
Authors: Nouar farid , Serre christian , Pinto Moisés L. , Severino Maria Inês , Pimenta Vanessa , Freitas Catia
Published: August 2023

Understanding the impact of MOF synthesis conditions on the production cost is vital in order to have a competitive product in a view of industrial applications. Here, considering the benchmark mesoporous iron(III) trimesate MIL-100(Fe) as a prototypical example, we show that the production cost can reach <30 $/kg if a careful selection of the synthetic route is made. Two routes were considered in the analysis, using sulfate and nitrate as iron sources. A new optimized synthesis protocol in a laboratory pilot-scale reactor of 5 liters based on iron sulfate was developed using optimized sustainable ambient pressure conditions, leading to larger particles and a higher STY. Based on reliable pilot-scale data and established chemical engineering estimation methods, this leads to a significantly low production cost of high quality MIL-100(Fe) achieving a potential competitive product.
Artificial Design of Organic Emitters via a Genetic Algorithm Enhanced by a Deep Neural Network
Authors: Nigam AkshatKumar , Pollice Robert , Friederich Pascal , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: August 2023

The design of molecules requires multi-objective optimizations in high-dimensional chemical space with often conflicting target properties. To navigate this space, classical workflows rely on the domain knowledge and creativity of human experts, which can be the bottleneck in high-throughput approaches. Herein, we present an artificial molecular design workflow relying on a genetic algorithm and a deep neural network to find a new family of organic emitters with inverted singlet-triplet gaps and appreciable fluorescence rates. We combine high-throughput virtual screening and inverse design infused with domain knowledge and artificial intelligence to accelerate molecular generation significantly. This enabled us to explore more than 800,000 potential emitter molecules and find more than 10,000 candidates estimated to have inverted singlet-triplet gaps (INVEST) and appreciable fluorescence rates, many of which likely emit blue light. This class of molecules has the potential to realize a new generation of organic light-emitting diodes.
Long Lifetime Mild pH-decoupling Aqueous Flow Battery with Practical in Situ pH Recovery
Authors: Xi Dawei , Alfaraidi Abdulrahman , Gao Jinxu , Cochard Thomas , Faria Luana , George Thomas , Wang Taobo , Gordon Roy , Liu Richard , Aziz Michael
Published: August 2023

Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) constitute a promising technology for grid-scale electricity storage, but it is challenging to implement cell voltages exceeding the 1.23 V thermodynamic water splitting window with high Coulombic efficiency and long lifetime. pH decoupling – the creation of a pH difference between the negolyte and posolyte – can broaden the operating voltage window and improve long-term operational stability. This penalizes the efficiency, however, due to acid-base crossover induced by the pH gradient. As the voltage of the water splitting window varies linearly with pH whereas crossover fluxes vary exponentially, we employed mildly acidic and mildly basic electrolytes to develop a cell with high round-trip energy efficiency at an open-circuit voltage > 1.7 V. Moreover, we implemented an in situ acid-base regeneration system to periodically restore the negolyte and posolyte pH to their initial values. The combined system exhibits a capacity fade rate of less than 0.07% per day, a roundtrip energy efficiency of over 85%, and a Coulombic efficiency of approximately 99%. This work demonstrates principles for addressing critical issues such as lifespan, rate capability, long-term practicability, and energy efficiency in pH-decoupling ARFBs, providing guidance for the design of the next generation of high-voltage ARFBs.
Heteroduplex Typing of Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter from Intensive Care Units in a Tertiary Health Care Centre and their Antibiogram
Authors: C Shubhada , Kulkarni RD , Kedari Avinash , Patil Prakash , Oli Ajaykumar , GS Ajantha
Published: August 2023

Background Acinetobacter is an important hospital pathogen whose role is implicated in various disease conditions especially in patients confined to hospital intensive care units. Differentiation of isolates is essential to identify the source and to understand the spread which in turn helps to prevent infections. HDA being a sensitive reliable and rapid method a large number of isolates can be typed using this method. Therefore we have adapted this technique to differentiate between clinical isolates of Acinetobacter. Aims Heteroduplex analysis to type clinical isolates of Acinetobacter. Methodology 570 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter from different ICUs were analysed. Antibiogram was performed using VITEK system. DNA extraction was done by phenol-chloroform method. Acinetobacter PCR was performed by targeting 397 bp hyper variable region of rpoB gene. The Heteroduplex assay was performed by mixing the amplicons of test strains and that of in-house standard strain. The formation of Heteroduplexes was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results Out of 570 clinical isolates 212 37.19 isolates were typed into one of the 25 HD types. Remaining 358 62.81 isolates did not form Heteroduplex with in-house standard. No significant variation was seen in the Antibiogram of different Heteroduplex types. Conclusion Heteroduplex analysis provides a simple and accurate method to analyse the strain diversity of Acinetobacter isolates. Epidemiological typing and source tracing of the pathogens cab be done using HD typing. The technique has potential to be applied for other organisms. Various gene targets in the same pathogen may be explored for better precision.
Role of Inflammatory Markers and Computed Tomography Severity Score in Predicting the Severity and Clinical Outcome in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Khalid Zohair , PS Shankar , . Chandrakala
Published: August 2023

Background and objective Several inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein CRP lactic dehydrogenase LDH serum ferritin D- dimer and interleukin IL-6 have been linked to play a role in the causation of severe disease and mortality of patients with COVID-19. The present study was carried out to correlate the clinical severity with inflammatory markers and CT Computed tomography severity score CTSS in both survivors and non-survivors.Methods It was a hospital-based retrospective study conducted based on data obtained from the records of 100 patients with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 for a period of two months 15th April to 14th June 2021. All patients aged over 18 years were included for the study. The pregnant women or breast-feeding mothers and patients suffering from other inflammatory conditions were excluded from the study. Inflammatory markers used were serum CRP serum ferritin LDH D-dimer and IL-6. High resolution computed tomography HRCT of thorax was used for assessing disease severity score.Results In our study 100 patients were grouped as survivors 67 and non-survivors 33 and there was a male predominance 60 over female 40. Among survivors the mean age of the patients was 50.33 years while in non-survivors it was 52.78 years. All non-survivors had comorbidities compared to survivors in whom 41 patients did not have any comorbidities. In both hypertension 24 was the most common comorbidity followed by diabetes 14. The mean C- reactive protein was 60.22plusmn45.1mgdL among survivors and 144.8plusmn94.7 mgdL among non- survivors. The mean ferritin level among survivors was 376plusmn578 ngmL and that among non-survivors was 738.8plusmn581.4 ngmL. The LDH among survivors and non-survivors was 462.4plusmn276 and 819.5plusmn503.6 UL respectively. The mean IL-6 of survivors was 103.3plusmn278.7 and non-survivors was 145.1plusmn179.2 pgmL. The mean D-dimer was 604.3 plusmn 508.8 ngmL in the survivor group and 1346plusmn1002 ngmL in non-survivors. The CTSS was 12.3plusmn4.9 among survivors and 15.96plusmn6.5 among non-survivors with p value 0.0037. All the inflammatory markers were elevated in both survivors and non-survivors but were markedly elevated in non-survivors. C- reactive protein and D-dimer elevation were highly significant with p value lt0.0001.Conclusion The disease severity of COVID-19 correlated with D-dimer and CRP levels. CTSS was also significant in diagnosing severity of the disease. They had the diagnostic accuracy in predicting the severity of disease and mortality. The patients with severe form of COVID-19 also had raised levels of IL-6 LDH and ferritin. Patients with co-morbidities had higher levels of inflammatory markers which exhibited more severe disease. D-dimer CRP and CTSS are recommended to predict the severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection.nbsp
Menopausal Symptoms and Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women – A Community Based Descriptive Study
Authors: Priya S Padma , kumar S Sasi
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective Menopause is one point in a continuum of life stages for women and marks the end of their reproductive years. Menopause is associated with physical psychological and uro-genital symptoms which are known to affect the quality of life of postmenopausal women. The aim of the study was to determine the intensity of menopause symptoms and quality of life of postmenopausal women.Method The study was conducted in selected community villages in rural Bangalore. A total of 116 postmenopausal women who were available at the time of data collection and fulfilled the study inclusion criteria were assessed using demographic proforma Menopausal rating scale MRS and Menopause-specific Quality of Life questionnaire MENQOL.Results The study results showed hot flashes depressive mood dryness of vagina and poor sexual desire as the most predominant symptoms among all domains of MRS. In the domains of MENQOL hot flashes experiencing poor memory and presence of vaginal dryness during sexual intercourse were reported as the most predominant symptoms.Conclusion Healthcare professionals should understand the complexity of menopausal symptoms for providing suitable health interventional remedies. There is a considerable lack of awareness about the effects and treatment of menopausal symptoms among Indian women especially among rural women in India.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Hygiene Among Preschool Children at a Selected Primary School in Vellore
Authors: Rani Elizabeth , I Clement , Clement Nisha
Published: August 2023

Background and objective Dental caries is one of the most common health problems affecting children. Dental exam is recommended in the school health program at least once a year. Nurses take part in teaching parents kids and teachers about oral hygiene. However it has never been demonstrated that sloppy teeth brushing can stop dental cavities. The effectiveness of plaque removal depends on the type of toothbrush used. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene among preschool children pre and post intervention of a video-assisted program regarding oral hygiene.Methodology A quantitative research approach was adopted for this study. Quasi-experimental design was used in the study to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program on knowledge and practice regarding oral hygiene among preschool children at a selected school in Vellore. The study was conducted including 60 pre-school children from pre-K.G L.K.G U.K.G children from Susanrsquos kinder garden school Vellore. The researcher selected subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria using random sampling. The subjects were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge and an observational checklist to assess the practice regarding oral hygiene and Fones brushing technique. Post test was conducted after one week.Results In the experimental group the mean pre-test score was 7.3 with a standard deviation of 2.8 while the mean post-test score was 15.7 with a standard deviation of 2.12 in the experimental group. The average disparity was 8.4. At the 0.05 level the obtained t value of 14.8 was highly significant. The estimated t value was the same as the mean pretest practice score of 3.4 with SD 1.4 and the post-test practice score of 8.3 with SD 2.9 the calculated t value was 17.5 which was highly significant at p lt0.05 level. There was a significant difference between the mean pre-and post-test levels of knowledge and practice among preschool children in the experimental group. Thus the video assisted teaching program was effective in improving the levels of knowledge and practice among preschool children in the experimental group.Conclusion The brushing methods used were least efficient according to this study. Training in oral hygiene should be based on a childs motor skill level and developmental stage. It is crucial to consider variations in tooth-brushing abilities especially in younger children. Each child needs intense customized training to achieve the techniques desired effects.
Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nursing Students Studying in the Southern Part of India
Authors: Subhashini Lavanya , V Saritha , Vijayalakshmi G
Published: August 2023

Background and Aim The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency and a psychological challenge. The current study aimed to survey the psychological aspects of stress and anxiety among nursing students at selected nursing colleges in Karnataka the Southern state of India.Methodology A cross-sectional descriptive survey design approach was adopted. A total enumerative sampling technique was adopted which included 264 nursing students. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional ethics committee of Sri Devaraj Urs College of Nursing Tamaka Kolar. Informed consent for the participation was obtained online from the students. The online survey collected information on sociodemographic data anxiety and psychological aspects of stress experienced during COVID-19. The data collection tool used to assess anxiety was General Anxiety scale.Results The overall response rate was 60. Nearly 50 of the students showed mild anxiety 40 showed moderate anxiety and 10 showed severe anxiety. Concerning the psychological aspects of stress during COVID-19 majority of the studentrsquos daily routines hobbies and exercise were affected and most of the students 44 expressed not being able to connect with friends family and relatives. They also expressed their dissatisfaction with the digital platform of learning 41 and their internet connectivity was reported to be poor 49.Conclusion The nursing students experienced anxiety and stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological interventions are required for students experiencing severe anxiety.
Trade policy and foreign trade of the European Union
Authors: Grygorova-Berenda Larysa , Kaverina Kateryna
Published: August 2023

Economic globalization is characterized by an increase in international trade and growing interdependence of economies at the global level. The EU's trade policy is a central tool for responding to the challenges associated with globalization and other modern challenges, such as the consequences of the pandemic and the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, and turning its potential into real benefits. In other words, the trade policy of the European Union is a significant lever in shaping the competitiveness of the EU in the world market and is based on a wide range of various measures, which determines the relevance of this study. The subject of the study is the peculiarities and prospects of the development of trade policy and foreign trade of the European Union. In turn, the goal is to analyze the specifics of trade policy implementation and the current state of the European Union's foreign trade. It was found that bilateral international agreements play a decisive role among EU policies. But there are also unilateral policy measures that also have a huge impact on the state and performance of foreign trade. Among them are tariff and non-tariff regulation methods. It has been found that despite the fact that the EU's share of world trade has been falling in recent years, it remains at a high level and is a key basis for growth, competitiveness and employment in the EU. At the same time, the EU's export and import dynamics have a tendency to grow, which indicates that despite the decline in the EU's share in world trade, the EU's position as one of the world's trade leaders will strengthen, but competition will grow. To achieve the set goal and solve research tasks, modern methods of scientific research were used in the performance of scientific work, in particular, general scientific and special methods of analysis of economic phenomena and processes: systematic approach, comparative analysis, historical-logical method, comparative analysis, economic-mathematical modeling, and namely: trend analysis. Therefore, the growing indicators of the EU's foreign trade prove that the EU's trade policy is successful.
ASSESSMENT OF MIGRATION ATTITUDES AND PROFESSIONAL ASPIRATIONS OF SCIENTISTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors: Mishchuk Halyna , Oliinyk Olena
Published: August 2023

In the article, the authors investigated the intentions of Ukrainian scientists, teachers, students and researchers regarding further steps in their professional activities and plans for an academic career. To do this, we conducted a survey of Ukrainian scientists whose activities have undergone changes under the influence of Russian military aggression. We determined that the war in Ukraine has brought about changes in the implementation of scientific research work, as 22.4% of respondents do not currently have sufficient conditions and opportunities to continue scientific research. The results of the survey allow us to assert the significant volumes of intellectual migration from Ukraine caused by the war. Evaluating changes in the professional environment, 29.3% of respondents noted that they personally know up to 5 people who were forced to leave Ukraine in search of a safe place to live. At the same time, 28% of respondents answered that they know more than 10 such people. We analysed the level of participation in the educational or research process of intellectual migrants. The vast majority of respondents in their answers noted (79.9%) that scientists and researchers who left Ukraine after the start of hostilities on its territory continue to work remotely in Ukraine. At the same time, 14.4% of respondents noted that such forced migration had a positive impact on educational or research activities, as they found a new (or additional) opportunity for teaching or research work at a foreign institution. An important positive feature of the migration attitudes of Ukrainian scientists, researchers and teachers is their desire to continue educational activities, even if the war does not end in the near future - 76.2% of respondents gave an affirmative answer to this question. The carried out scientific research allows us to assert the high value of scientific research activity even in the conditions of war in Ukraine.
INTRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACHIEVEMENTS – A PREREQUISITE FOR LABOR MARKET TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Chudayeva Iia , Dmitruk Boris
Published: August 2023

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of artificial intelligence. It is noted that artificial intelligence solves the main problem of health care successfully - overload and shortage of personnel. The reasons for the rapid development of robotization processes in industrialized countries in many branches and spheres of production and the ability of robots to replace workers and office workers and threaten people with job loss are investigated. Attention is focused on need for self-education and retraining of workers, and their ability to work in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution, and of course, obstacles that stand in the way of the implementation of artificial intelligence achievements. Catastrophic lagging of Ukraine in the field of robotics from the industrialized countries of the world, and the need for a significant acceleration of robotics processes in the main branches of production and in the service sector are emphasized. The transformation of artificial intelligence into a universal resource is accelerated due to the emergence of new tools that make this technology accessible to a wide range of people, and to those who do not have a special education. It is evident that robots will not be able to apply for professions that require creativity, empathy, and communication skills. However, artificial intelligence threatens the middle class, specialists, employees, and office workers. In order not to lose their jobs, many people will need to retrain on online educational platforms, where any person who is sufficiently proactive and capable of mathematics can acquire basic knowledge through educational portals and software tools, which will make deep learning more accessible. Therefore, there is a chance to have a well-paid job and start a fruitful career, taking into account the requirements of the market. The implementation of artificial intelligence achievements opens up great opportunities for the introduction a whole series of tasks facing society in many spheres of people’s lives.
LEARNING STYLES ISSUES ON STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM
Authors: Tugsuu Jargal , Oyun-Erdene Erdenebileg , Nandintsetseg Shurentsetseg , Telmuun Zorigt
Published: August 2023

Many researchers point out that in the context of the digital transition, which is rapidly introducing all sectors of society, a flipped classroom is a necessary method to implement an outcome-based learning curriculum at the tertiary level to train prospective professionals who meet the needs of employers. Therefore, we believe that the basis for the successful introduction of learning is, firstly, to diagnose the student's learning style, and secondly, to determine the student's learning outcome in the 21st century based on 4Cs; being proficient communicators, creators, critical thinkers, and collaborators. By doing this, 41 second-year students from two different groups studying in Business Administration at Mandakh university were selected non-randomly and divided into three groups on the basis of their learning styles. The EFL learners’ task performance is evaluated with the criteria (information and discovery, idea design, innovation, delivering an oral presentation, engaging in conversations and discussions) on the basis of 4Cs principles as variables. According to the data, Visual learners' critical thinking, Kinesthetic learners' creativity, and Audio learners' communication skills are dominant. Overall, we expect that the need for new pedagogical approaches in English classrooms to enhance students' essential skills in the 21st century, the flipped learning approach where the direct instruction in class-time and homework are reversed, has recently received significant attention from many language teachers, educators, and researchers. In today’s academic world, one of the learning environments that have gained acceptance is the learning and teaching management system. A learning management system, also known as a virtual learning environment, course management system, or learning platform, is a collection of software tools and Web-based technology that support the organization, administration, delivery, monitoring, and management of online education and training programs as well as the evaluation of particular learning processes.
FILLING THE REVENUE PART OF LOCAL BUDGETS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE
Authors: Shvayko Mariana , Okovyta Antonina
Published: August 2023

Local budgets play an important role in the budget system of Ukraine and regulation of social and economic processes at the regional level. The independence of local budgets of Ukraine is not fully manifested today. Thus, the revenue base significantly depends not only on the efforts of local authorities in the development of their own tax base, but also on the redistribution of financial resources through the state budget, namely - on the provision of interbudgetary transfers.

Today, when a full-scale war continues in Ukraine, the issue of quality provision of the revenue base of local budgets and identification of reserves for the growth of their resource base, optimal redistribution of funds within the country is more acute than ever.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the sources and structure of local budget revenues during the martial law in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to tax revenues, which occupy the lion's share in the structure of local government revenues. It was determined that due to the introduction of changes in the legislation related to the extremely difficult situation in the country (in particular, since March, the import of food, fuel and other goods that meet the basic needs of society were exempted from customs duties and VAT; the introduction of voluntary payment of the Single Tax for some groups, etc. In addition, active hostilities on the territory of a certain community, a large number of internally displaced persons have significantly changed the structure of local budget revenues by region. Further research will be related to the assessment of the formation of the revenue side of local government budgets.
Evaluation of physicochemical parameters of edible oils at room temperature and after heating at high temperature
Authors: Wazed M.A. , Yasmin S. , Basak P. , Hossain A. , Rahman M.M. , Hasan M.R. , Khair M.M. , Khatun M.N.
Published: August 2023

Edible oils and fats are recognized as vital constituents of our daily diet and contribute significantly to the regulation of different body functions. Edible oil quality is largely determined by physicochemical characteristics and sensory evaluation due to its nature and processing procedure. The present study includes evaluation of different physicochemical parameters of soybean, palm, mustard and bran oil at room temperature and after heating at 180oC for 10 mins using different analytical methodologies. These properties were studied to evaluate the compositional quality of oils and also to investigate the effect of heating as it ultimately changes the physicochemical and sensory properties of the oil. Results revealed that there was a significant difference in physicochemical parameters among four types of oils before and after heating. Peroxide, free fatty acid and acid value were increased with the increase of temperature at 180oC. The iodine value was highest in soybean oil (133.17 mg/g), followed by mustard oil (110.59 mg/g) but was lowest in palm oil (46.18 mg/g). In addition, saponification value was found to be 187.1, 202.39, 191.38 and 181.6 mg/g in soybean, palm, mustard and bran oil, respectively. The study also indicated that the L*, a* and b* values of oil decreased significantly with heating temperature. However, sensory evaluation results also found that soybean oil and bran oil were more preferable to cooking than the other two oils. Taking consideration of all parameters the study concluded that soybean oil and bran oil had the superior quality to other samples.
The Effect of Political Connections and Family Ownership on Operating Cash Flows Management: Empirical Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Tawfik Omar Ikbal
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the effect of political connections and family ownership Each separately and the interactive effect between them on cash flows management.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: To analyze the research hypotheses, the author used a panel data model by ordinary least squares' Depending on historical data from 72 active non-financial firms listed on the Egypt Stock Exchange during the period of 2012-2019. The final data set comprises a total 576 firm-year observations from twelve major non-financial industry classifications.
 
Findings: The current study found that there is a Positive impact of family ownership on cash flow management, and there is a positive relationship between political connections and cash flows management while there is a negative relationship between family firms with political connections and cash flows management.
 
Research limitations/Implications: This research is limited to dealing with direct family ownership structures and does not deal with indirect family ownership. Likewise, this research does not deal with the political connections in companies that arise through direct government ownership. Also, this research was limited to using linear regression analysis that did not address nonlinear regression or the structural equation model to examine the effect of family ownership and political connections on cash flows management.
 
Practical implications: Practitioners such as investors and lenders dealing with companies in the Egyptian capital market, which is considered one of the emerging markets with low protection for small investors, benefit from the results of this study due to the impact of family ownership and political connections when making their investment decisions. At the same time, the study helps provide important information about the business environment and conditions. Investing in developing countries like Egypt.
 
Originality/Value: The current study contributes to the literature by showing that different characteristics of companies such as family ownership and political connections can produce different consistent results between an emerging and developed economy, especially in the area of cash flows management. As this is the first study to analyze these relationships in the financial market in Egypt, where the study demonstrates the important role of the impact of political connections and family ownership separately, in addition to the joint effect of political connections and family ownership on cash flows management through empirical evidence.
MIXED CONVECTION ANALYSIS OF HYBRID NANOFLUID IN A LID-DRIVEN CAVITY WITH A HOT BLOCK INSIDE
Authors: Bouaraour K
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is the investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow around a heated solid block inside a lid-driven cavity filled with hybrid TiO2-Cu/water nanofluid. The considered geometry is a two-dimensional cavity with an aspect ratio of 5. The upper wall translates with uniform velocity Ulid. The solid block attached to the bottom wall of the cavity is maintained at a high temperature compared to the temperature of the upper and lower walls, whereas the other walls are kept insulated. The hybrid nanofluid flow is assumed to be Newtonian, laminar, and incompressible. The effect of the Richardson number is considered by fixing the Reynolds number to 100, and by varying the Grashof number from 102 to 104. Volume fractions for both nanoparticles are varied from 0% to 8%. Results are shown in terms of streamlines, isotherms, and profiles of the average Nusselt number. Numerical results show that clockwise and counterclockwise cells are generated within the rectangular enclosure due to the combined effects of natural and forced convection. Furthermore, increasing the Richardson number from Ri = 0.01 to Ri = 1, which results from an increase in the buoyancy effect, leads to an increase in the Nusselt number of about 4.5%. Moreover, for each Richardson number, an increase of 8% in nanoparticles volume fraction leads to an enhancement of the heat transfer rate by about 9.8%.
GENERAL ANALYTICAL EXPRESSIONS FOR DEFLECTION AND SLOPE OF EULER-BERNOULLI BEAM UNDER DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOADS AND SUPPORTS
Authors: Panhwar Imran Ali
Published: August 2023

In this research paper, we solve the Euler-Bernoulli beam (EBB) differential equations by taking the general boundary conditions. Instead of finding a solution for the EBB model for a particular load and its particular boundary conditions, we derive the general analytical solution with general boundary conditions by using techniques of integration. The proposed general analytical solutions are neither load specific nor dependent on specific boundary conditions but can be used for any load and any boundary condition without having to integrate again and again. We have taken a general polynomial load function with general boundary conditions, and get the general analytical solution for the deflection and slope parameters of EBB. We find the direct solution for uniform distributed load and linearly varying load for a fixed beam.
CURRENT ISSUES OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION
Authors: E. A. Maltsev , A.S. Kolesnikov , I.A. Filina
Published: August 2023

The quality management system (QMS) is one of the prerequisites for successful production activities and serves as a basic mechanism to ensure strict compliance of medical and pharmaceutical organizations in the format of the requirements of applicable standards and regulations. The aim of the work was to analyze the quality management system of pharmaceutical production from the point of view of employees of the enterprise. As an information base the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of quality management system, as well as regulatory and organizational documentation on pharmaceutical activities were taken. The questionnaire method served as the main research method, as a result of which 96 employees of pharmaceutical production facilities in Orel, Kostroma, Moscow, Lipetsk and Leningrad regions were interviewed. It was found that from the documents of good manufacturing practices the respondents were most familiar with Good Manufacturing Practices, manufacturing (GMP). The provisions of other good manufacturing practices (GLP, GCP, GSP, GDP, GPP) are mostly unfamiliar to the employees. The majority of respondents believe that the quality of medicines has improved over the last five years, with 56.2% of respondents believing that not all manufacturers comply with good manufacturing practices, explaining that the rules are very complex and it is too expensive for a company to comply with them. The survey found that under the concept of "quality of medicines" employees of pharmaceutical companies mainly mean: safety when used (80.4%); efficacy (79.4%); compliance with the declared characteristics (78.4%). It was found that the specialists of pharmaceutical companies have a positive attitude to the processes of digitalization, but they note the high financial costs at the stages of its implementation and dependence on foreign-made equipment. Thus, we can conclude that the information base in the Russian pharmaceutical production is mainly focused on industry documentation and, to a lesser extent, on related areas; the current industry regulatory framework requires improvement in terms of formalizing processes and specifying requirements.