bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Molecular Mechanisms in Senescent Cells Induced by Natural Aging and Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Ibragimova Milana , Kussainova Assiya , Aripova Akmaral , Bersimbaev Rakhmetkazhi , Bulgakova Olga
Published: March 2024

This review discusses the relationship between cellular senescence and radiation exposure. Given the wide range of ionizing radiation sources encountered by people in professional and medical spheres, as well as the influence of natural background radiation, the question of the effect of radiation on biological processes, particularly on aging processes, remains highly relevant. The parallel relationship between natural and radiation-induced cellular senescence reveals the common aspects underlying these processes. Based on recent scientific data, the key points of the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular processes associated with aging, such as genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered expression of miRNAs, epigenetic profile, and manifestation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), are discussed. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence can make a valuable contribution to the understanding of the molecular genetic basis of age-associated diseases in the context of environmental exposure.
The Opposite Functions of CD30 Ligand Isoforms
Authors: Printsev Ignat , Alalli Elyas , Bilsborough Janine
Published: March 2024

TNFSF8/CD30 ligand is a TNF superfamily member expressed on several major immune cell types, including activated monocytes, B, and T cells. The signaling of CD30 ligand through its cognate CD30 receptor has been shown to have effects on cell differentiation, cell death/survival, and cytokine production. The signaling pair has been implicated in hematopoietic malignancies and inflammatory disease, and a chemotherapy–CD30 antibody combination for the treatment of Hodgkin and other lymphomas has been developed. There are two recorded isoforms of CD30 ligand. All hitherto studies of CD30 ligand are of the first, canonical isoform, while the second isoform has never been described. This study aims to elucidate the properties and signaling functions of the second CD30 ligand isoform. We have found mRNA expression of both isoforms in the PBMCs of all six healthy donors tested. Through methods in cell biology and biochemistry, we were able to discover that the second CD30 ligand isoform has no discernable pro-inflammatory function and, in fact, isoform 2 can restrict the capacity of the canonical isoform to signal through the CD30 receptor by preventing their interaction. This discovery has implications for the future development of therapeutics targeting the CD30/CD30 ligand signaling pair in cancer and inflammatory disease.
Complications in Vascular and Endovascular Surgery: To Defeat Your Enemy, You Must Know Your Enemy
Authors: D’Oria Mario
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, the field of vascular surgery has been revolutionized by the introduction and ever-rising growth of endovascular techniques for almost all arterial and venous diseases, mainly owing to their reduced morbidity and mortality rates as compared with conventional open surgical approaches [...]
In Vitro Investigation of the Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Effects of Haberlea rhodopensis Total Extract: A Comparative Study
Authors: Peeva Martina I. , Georgieva Maya G. , Balacheva Aneliya A. , Pavlov Atanas , Tzvetkov Nikolay T.
Published: March 2024

Haberlea rhodopensis Friv., known also as Rhodope silivryak and the Orpheus flower, is a Balkan endemic “resurrecting” plant belonging to the Gesneriaceae family. In folk medicine, the leaves of Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. were widely used to treat wounds and some infectious diseases of stock such as foot-and-mouth disease and hoof rot, while the herb of Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. is still used to cleanse the stomach, liver, kidneys, and blood vessels. Because of the content of myconoside, during the last decade, Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. extracts have been recognized as valuable cosmetic ingredients. In the present study, we aim to (i) evaluate the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of two herb extracts of Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. that are commercially used for the preparation of cosmetic ingredients on different cancer cells, with one normal cell line used as a reference, and (ii) compare the investigated effects with those observed for the reference anticancer, non-selective compound doxorubicin. Herein, we observed a decrease in the inhibitory activity of both extracts compared to those of doxorubicin against all tested cell lines. However, the myconoside-enriched Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. plant Extract 2 (designated also as M2) showed increased inhibitory activity (cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effects) compared to the Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. plant Extract 1 (designated also as E1). Moreover, the Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. plant Extract 2 showed a significant increase in cytotoxicity (at 24 h) and antiproliferative activity (at 48 and 72 h post-treatment) at its highest-tested concentration of 100 µg/mL compared to Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. plant Extract 1.
Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abufaraj Mohammad , Ramadan Raghad , Alkhatib Amro
Published: March 2024

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a rare subtype of prostate cancer (PCa) that usually results in poor clinical outcomes and may be accompanied by paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS). NEPC is becoming more frequent. It can initially manifest as PNS, complicating diagnosis. Therefore, we reviewed the literature on the different PNS associated with NEPC. We systematically reviewed English-language articles from January 2017 to September 2023, identifying 17 studies meeting PRISMA guidelines for NEPC and associated PNS. A total of 17 articles were included in the review. Among these, Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) due to ectopic Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion was the most commonly reported PNS. Other PNS included syndrome of inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion (SIADH), Anti-Hu-mediated chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), limbic encephalitis, Evans Syndrome, hypercalcemia, dermatomyositis, and polycythemia. Many patients had a history of prostate adenocarcinoma treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) before neuroendocrine features developed. The mean age was 65.5 years, with a maximum survival of 9 months post-diagnosis. NEPC is becoming an increasingly more common subtype of PCa that can result in various PNS. This makes the diagnosis and treatment of NEPC challenging. Further research is crucial to understanding these syndromes and developing standardized, targeted treatments to improve patient survival.
Assessing Patient Radiation Exposure in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Procedural Complexity and Clinical Factors
Authors: Kaasalainen Touko , Saukko Ekaterina , Lindström Outi , Udd Marianne , Regnér Sara , Saarela Arto , Toth Ervin , Wurm Johansson Gabriele , Manninen Anna-Leena , Grönroos Juha , Kylänpää Leena
Published: March 2024

Background and aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures can result in significant patient radiation exposure. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to assess the influence of procedural complexity and other clinical factors on radiation exposure in ERCP. Methods: Data on kerma-area product (KAP), air-kerma at the reference point (Ka,r), fluoroscopy time, and the number of exposures, and relevant patient, procedure, and operator factors were collected from 2641 ERCP procedures performed at four university hospitals. The influence of procedural complexity, assessed using the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and HOUSE complexity grading scales, on radiation exposure quantities was analyzed within each center. The procedures were categorized into two groups based on ERCP indications: primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and other ERCPs. Results: Both the ASGE and HOUSE complexity grading scales had a significant impact on radiation exposure quantities. Remarkably, there was up to a 50-fold difference in dose quantities observed across the participating centers. For non-PSC ERCP procedures, the median KAP ranged from 0.9 to 64.4 Gy·cm2 among the centers. The individual endoscopist also had a substantial influence on radiation dose. Conclusions: Procedural complexity grading in ERCP significantly affects radiation exposure. Higher procedural complexity is typically associated with increased patient radiation dose. The ASGE complexity grading scale demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in radiation exposure compared to the HOUSE grading scale. Additionally, significant variations in dose indices, fluoroscopy times, and number of exposures were observed across the participating centers.
The Contribution of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to the Study of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Narrative Review
Authors: Liampas Ioannis , Danga Freideriki , Kyriakoulopoulou Panagiota , Siokas Vasileios , Stamati Polyxeni , Messinis Lambros , Dardiotis Efthimios , Nasios Grigorios
Published: March 2024

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an innovative neuroimaging method that offers several advantages over other commonly used modalities. This narrative review investigated the potential contribution of this method to the study of neurodegenerative disorders. Thirty-four studies involving patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and healthy controls were reviewed. Overall, it was revealed that the prefrontal cortex of individuals with MCI may engage compensatory mechanisms to support declining brain functions. A rightward shift was suggested to compensate for the loss of the left prefrontal capacity in the course of cognitive decline. In parallel, some studies reported the failure of compensatory mechanisms in MCI and early AD; this lack of appropriate hemodynamic responses may serve as an early biomarker of neurodegeneration. One article assessing FTD demonstrated a heterogeneous cortical activation pattern compared to AD, indicating that fNIRS may contribute to the challenging distinction of these conditions. Regarding PD, there was evidence that cognitive resources (especially executive function) were recruited to compensate for locomotor impairments. As for ALS, fNIRS data support the involvement of extra-motor networks in ALS, even in the absence of measurable cognitive impairment.
Novel Biomarkers in Evaluating Cardiac Function in Patients on Hemodialysis—A Pilot Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Chisavu Lazar , Ivan Viviana Mihaela , Mihaescu Adelina , Chisavu Flavia , Schiller Oana , Marc Luciana , Bob Flaviu , Schiller Adalbert
Published: March 2024

Chronic kidney disease patients treated by hemodialysis present a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is an imperative need for novel biomarkers for identifying these patients and to offer possible therapeutically interventions. We performed a prospective observational cohort study on 77 patients in the period of October 2021–October 2023. We measured serum plasma levels of interleukin 1-beta, galectin 3, human suppression of tumorigenicity factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 and fibroblastic growth factor 23 at the inclusion site. We evaluated the correlations of these biomarkers with cardiac function and structure evaluated by echocardiography. The mean age was 61.02 (±11.81) years, with 45 (56.2%) males and with a dialysis vintage of 4.95 (2.4–7.8) years. Median ejection fraction was 51 (43–54%), and more than two-thirds of the patients presented valvular calcifications. Overall mortality was 22%. Interleukin 1-beta was correlated positively with ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain and negatively with left atrium diameter and left ventricle telesystolic diameter. Galectin 3 values were negatively correlated with aortic valve fibrosis and mitral valve calcifications, and human suppression tumorigenicity factor 2 was negatively correlated with mitral valve calcifications. Some of these novel biomarkers could be used to better assess cardiovascular disease in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.
The Continued Evolution of Disabilities, an Inter- and Multi-Disciplinary Journal of Disability Research
Authors: Cordier Reinie
Published: March 2024

Disabilities continues to grow in stature and attract quality submissions from scholars across the globe [...]
Adaptation and Validation of the Academic Stress Scale in the Italian Context: Latent Structure, Reliability, and Concurrent Validity
Authors: Perrella Lucrezia , Lodi Ernesto , Patrizi Patrizia
Published: March 2024

The present study describes the Italian adaptation of the Academic Stressors Scale (E-CEA) of the Academic Stress Questionnaire, evaluating the relationships with general and domain-specific well-being and verifying the significant predictors and the amount of variance explained by the “non-intellective” academic competencies on the scores of student stress dimensions. The participants are 1305 students from all the different degree courses. The Italian version of the E-CEA, composed of 38 items, showed good psychometric properties both in terms of reliability and factorial structure with good fit indices. The 6 sub-dimensions, for the most part overlapping with those of the original version of the instrument, show good construct and concurrent validity as negative relationships were found with general and domain-specific well-being indices. With regard to the regressions performed, several dimensions of “non-intellective” academic competencies turned out to be significant predictors (with negative effect) with respect to the stress levels perceived in the academic environment by university students: in particular, time organization, emotional control, the ability to relate to professors and intrinsic motivation could decrease stress levels, while dedication to study and the tendency to involve one’s parents in one’s university career seemed to increase stress levels. Regarding the practical implications of the results, suggestions are provided in supporting the career paths of students to reduce risk factors for stress development and to promote academic well-being.
VConMC: Enabling Consistency Verification for Distributed Systems Using Implementation-Level Model Checkers and Consistency Oracles
Authors: Kim Beom-Heyn
Published: March 2024

Many cloud services are relying on distributed key-value stores such as ZooKeeper, Cassandra, HBase, etc. However, distributed key-value stores are notoriously difficult to design and implement without any mistakes. Because data consistency is the contract for clients that defines what the correct values to read are for a given history of operations under a specific consistency model, consistency violations can confuse client applications by showing invalid values. As a result, serious consequences such as data loss, data corruption, and unexpected behavior of client applications can occur. Software bugs are one of main reasons why consistency violations may occur. Formal verification techniques may be used to make designs correct and minimize the risks of having bugs in the implementation. However, formal verification is not a panacea due to limitations such as the cost of verification, inability to verify existing implementations, and human errors involved. Implementation-level model checking has been heavily explored by researchers for the past decades to formally verify whether the underlying implementation of distributed systems have bugs or not. Nevertheless, previous proposals are limited because their invariant checking is not versatile enough to check for the wide spectrum of consistency models, from eventual consistency to strong consistency. In this work, consistency oracles are employed for consistency invariant checking that can be used by implementation-level model checkers to formally verify data consistency model implementations of distributed key-value stores. To integrate consistency oracles with implementation-level distributed system model checkers, the partial-order information obtained via API is leveraged to avoid the exhaustive search during consistency invariant checking. Our evaluation results show that, by using the proposed method for consistency invariant checking, our prototype model checker, VConMC, can detect consistency violations caused by several real-world software bugs in a well-known distributed key-value store, ZooKeeper.
A Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Interface ASIC for Wearable Medical Therapeutic Device Applications
Authors: Ye Xuanjie , Jiang Xiaoxue , Wang Shuren , Chen Jie
Published: March 2024

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a non-invasive medical therapy that has attracted recent research interest due to its therapeutic effects. However, most LIPUS driver systems currently available are large and expensive. We have proposed a LIPUS interface application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for use in wearable medical devices to address some of the challenges related to the size and cost of the current technologies. The proposed ASIC is a highly integrated system, incorporating a DCDC module based on a charge pump architecture, a high voltage level shifter, a half-bridge driver, a voltage-controlled oscillator, and a corresponding digital circuit module. Consequently, the functional realization of this ASIC as a LIPUS driver system requires only a few passive components. Experimental tests indicated that the chip is capable of an output of 184.2 mW or 107.2 mW with a power supply of 5 V or 3.7 V, respectively, and its power conversion efficiency is approximately 30%. This power output capacity allows the LIPUS driver system to deliver a spatial average temporal average (SATA) of 29.5 mW/cm2 or 51.6 mW/cm2 with a power supply of 3.7 V or 5 V, respectively. The total die area, including pads, is 4 mm2. The ASIC does not require inductors, improving its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatibility. In summary, the proposed LIPUS interface chip presents a promising solution for the development of MRI-compatible and cost-effective wearable medical therapy devices.
Augmented Reality Visualization and Quantification of COVID-19 Infections in the Lungs
Authors: Liu Jiaqing , Lyu Liang , Chai Shurong , Huang Huimin , Wang Fang , Tateyama Tomoko , Lin Lanfen , Chen Yenwei
Published: March 2024

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact globally, and the understanding of the disease’s clinical features and impacts remains insufficient. An important metric to evaluate the severity of pneumonia in COVID-19 is the CT Involvement Score (CTIS), which is determined by assessing the proportion of infections in the lung field region using computed tomography (CT) images. Interactive augmented reality visualization and quantification of COVID-19 infection from CT allow us to augment the traditional diagnostic techniques and current COVID-19 treatment strategies. Thus, in this paper, we present a system that combines augmented reality (AR) hardware, specifically the Microsoft HoloLens, with deep learning algorithms in a user-oriented pipeline to provide medical staff with an intuitive 3D augmented reality visualization of COVID-19 infections in the lungs. The proposed system includes a graph-based pyramid global context reasoning module to segment COVID-19-infected lung regions, which can then be visualized using the HoloLens AR headset. Through segmentation, we can quantitatively evaluate and intuitively visualize which part of the lung is infected. In addition, by evaluating the infection status in each lobe quantitatively, it is possible to assess the infection severity. We also implemented Spectator View and Sharing a Scene functions into the proposed system, which enable medical staff to present the AR content to a wider audience, e.g., radiologists. By providing a 3D perception of the complexity of COVID-19, the augmented reality visualization generated by the proposed system offers an immersive experience in an interactive and cooperative 3D approach. We expect that this will facilitate a better understanding of CT-guided COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, as well as improved patient outcomes.
A Novel Series 24-Pulse Rectifier Operating in Low Harmonic State Based on Auxiliary Passive Injection at DC Side
Authors: Chen Xiaoqiang , Bai Tun , Wang Ying , Gong Jiangyun , Mu Xiuqing , Chang Zhanning
Published: March 2024

To reduce the current harmonics on the input side of a multi-pulse rectifier, this paper proposes a low harmonic current source series multi-pulse rectifier based on an auxiliary passive injection circuit at the DC side. The rectifier only needs to add an auxiliary passive injection circuit on the DC side of the series 12-pulse rectifier, which can change its AC input voltage from 12-step waves to 24-step waves. We analyzed the working mode of the rectifier, optimized the optimal turn ratio of the injection transformer from the perspective of minimizing the total harmonic distortion (THD) value of the input voltage on the AC side, and analyzed the diode open circuit fault in the auxiliary passive injection circuit. Test verification shows that, after using the passive harmonic injection circuit, the THD value of the input voltage of the AC side of the rectifier is reduced from 14.03% to 4.86%. The THD value of the input current is reduced from 5.30% to 2.16%. The input power factor has been increased from 98.86% to 99.83%, and the power quality has been improved.
Autonomous Threat Response at the Edge Processing Level in the Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Czeczot Grzegorz , Rojek Izabela , Mikołajewski Dariusz
Published: March 2024

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology, as a subset of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the concept of Industry 4.0 and, in the future, 5.0, will face the challenge of streamlining the way huge amounts of data are processed by the modules that collect the data and those that analyse the data. Given the key features of these analytics, such as reducing the cost of building massive data centres and finding the most efficient way to process data flowing from hundreds of nodes simultaneously, intermediary devices are increasingly being used in this process. Fog and edge devices are hardware devices designed to pre-analyse terabytes of data in a stream and decide in realtime which data to send for final analysis, without having to send the data to a central processing unit in huge local data centres or to an expensive cloud. As the number of nodes sending data for analysis via collection and processing devices increases, so does the risk of data streams being intercepted. There is also an increased risk of attacks on this sensitive infrastructure. Maintaining the integrity of this infrastructure is important, and the ability to analyse all data is a resource that must be protected. The aim of this paper is to address the problem of autonomous threat detection and response at the interface of sensors, edge devices, cloud devices with historical data, and finally during the data collection process in data centres. Ultimately, we would like to present a machine learning algorithm with reinforcements adapted to detect threats and immediately isolate infected nests.
Reservoir Computing Using Measurement-Controlled Quantum Dynamics
Authors: Abbas A. H. , Maksymov Ivan S.
Published: March 2024

Physical reservoir computing (RC) is a machine learning algorithm that employs the dynamics of a physical system to forecast highly nonlinear and chaotic phenomena. In this paper, we introduce a quantum RC system that employs the dynamics of a probed atom in a cavity. The atom experiences coherent driving at a particular rate, leading to a measurement-controlled quantum evolution. The proposed quantum reservoir can make fast and reliable forecasts using a small number of artificial neurons compared with the traditional RC algorithm. We theoretically validate the operation of the reservoir, demonstrating its potential to be used in error-tolerant applications, where approximate computing approaches may be used to make feasible forecasts in conditions of limited computational and energy resources.
A New Study on the Effect of the Partial Wake Generated in a Wind Farm
Authors: Zergane Said , Farsi Chouki , Amroune Salah , Benkherbache Souad , Menasri Noureddine
Published: March 2024

In this article, we present an investigative study on the often-overlooked partial wake phenomenon in previous studies concerning wind farm configurations. A partial wake occurs when a portion of the actuator disk of a downstream wind turbine is affected by the wake of another upstream turbine. This phenomenon occurs in addition to the full wake, where the entire upstream turbine is affected by the wake of the frontal turbine, also leading to a decrease in wind speed and consequently a reduction in power production. The proposed study is based on measuring the power generated by the area swept by the wake of an array of turbines in a wind farm. To accomplish this, we integrate the linear wake model of Jensen, the specifications of the ENERCON E2 wind turbine, and the wind farm data into Matlab-developed software (version 18) to perform the calculations. In a concrete application, this proposed method is validated by reproducing the previous works that neglected the partial wake in wind farm configurations. The simulation results obtained are analyzed, compared, and discussed under similar operational conditions.
A Magnetic Beads-Based Sandwich Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for the Rapid and Automatic Detection of Lactoferrin in Milk
Authors: Shen Wenjie , Xuan Zhihong , Liu Hongmei , Huang Kai , Guan Xiao , Guo Baoyuan
Published: March 2024

Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein with immunological properties and a high nutritional value, has emerged as a prominent research focus in the field of food nutrition. Lactoferrin is widely distributed in raw milk and milk that has undergone low-temperature heat treatment during pasteurization, making its rapid and accurate detection crucial for ensuring the quality control of dairy products. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based analytical protocol has often been referred to for the detection of LF in real samples. Signal amplification was accomplished using the streptavidin–biotin system. Here, an automated magnetic beads-based sandwich chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (MBs-sCLEIA) system was developed for the quantification of lactoferrin in pasteurized milk. The MBs-sCLEIA system consists of an automated chemiluminescence-based analyzer and a lactoferrin MBs-sCLEIA assay kit. Notably, our proposed method eliminates the need for pretreatment procedures and enables the direct addition of milk samples, allowing for the automatic quantitative detection of lactoferrin within a rapid 17 min timeframe for up to eight samples simultaneously. The MBs-sCLEIA was linear over the range of 7.24–800 ng/mL and displayed a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.85 ng/mL. As its good recovery and CV values indicate, the method exhibited high precision and accuracy. Furthermore, it was verified that it was selective towards five additional common milk proteins. A good correlation was observed between the results from the MBs-sCLEIA and heparin affinity column-HPLC (r2 = 0.99042), which proves to be a useful and practicable way of conducting an accurate analysis of lactoferrin in dairy products.
Green Extraction Strategy Using Bio-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems for Polyphenol Valorization from Grape By-Product
Authors: Dimitrijević Aleksandra , Marić Slađana , Jocić Ana , Tekić Danijela , Mušović Jasmina , Amaral Joana S.
Published: March 2024

Polyphenols are natural compounds with enhanced antioxidant properties. They are present in relatively high concentrations in fruit/vegetable by-products. Therefore, there is a need for the development of efficient and cost-effective methods for the separation and purification of these valuable compounds. Traditional extraction with organic solvents needs to be switched to novel methods that are more efficient, with reduced extraction times and low consumption of organic solvents. Aiming at developing sustainable processes for the separation and purification of phenolic compounds, we used three model compounds, namely resveratrol, quercetin, and gallic acid, to investigate ionic liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (IL-ABSs) formed by cholinium-based IL in combination with polypropylene glycol with a molecular mass of 400 g/mol (PPG400). The ABS composition in the two-phase region was selected according to a previously determined phase diagram. Extraction studies indicated the preferential partition of resveratrol and quercetin toward the hydrophobic PPG-rich phase that is mainly dominated by its hydrophobic nature and the strong salting-out effect of ILs. On the other hand, due to its considerably hydrophilic nature, gallic acid preferentially migrates toward the IL phase. The achieved results from grape stem extract demonstrated high extraction efficiencies of cholinium dihydrogen phosphate (~99% for resveratrol for the PPG phase and 78% for gallic acid for the IL phase), with considerable selectivity, demonstrating promising outcomes for potential applications.
Qualitative and Quantitative Metabolite Comparison of Korean Traditional Alcoholic Beverages: Takju, Yakju, and Traditional-Soju
Authors: Tak Hyun-Ji , Lee Na-Rae , Yang Sowon , Kim So-Young , Lee Choong-Hwan
Published: March 2024

With increasing interest in Korean foods and beverages, Korean traditional alcoholic beverages need to be studied. To characterize Korean traditional alcoholic beverages, we analyzed the metabolites of Takju, Yakju, and Traditional-Soju using 48 commercial products. We performed non-targeted metabolite profiling using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and identified 33 significantly discriminant metabolites, including nine organic acids, three amino acids, and seven fatty acids, in the three types of alcoholic beverage. Subsequently, we quantified the profiled metabolites in each product and compared their contents to identify alcoholic beverage type-specific metabolites. Thus, we figured out seven metabolites using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The results revealed that octadecanoic acid (limit of detection (LOD) to 168.72 mg/L), nonanoic acid (LOD to 112.54 mg/L), and octanoic acid (8.00 to 145.08 mg/L) in Takju; succinic acid (LOD to 1.90 mg/mL), heptanoic acid (LOD to 343.23 mg/L), and hexadecanoic acid (20.28 to 126.45 mg/L) in Yakju; and malonic acid (LOD to 19.13 mg/mL) in Traditional-Soju, with an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.7, are important metabolites that can distinguish the type of alcoholic beverage. Our results provide qualitative and quantitative metabolite information about Korean traditional alcoholic beverages that can be used by consumers and manufacturers.
Sea Cucumber Polysaccharide from Stichopus japonicu and Its Photocatalytic Degradation Product Alleviate Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice
Authors: Song Haoran , Song Chen , Yan Chunhong , Yang Jingfeng , Song Shuang
Published: March 2024

To prevent alcoholic liver disease, the addition of bioactive substances to the alcoholic drink Baijiu has been considered a feasible option. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects of a sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide (SCSP) isolated from Stichopus japonicu were investigated. Moreover, in order to enhance its solubility in an alcohol solution, it was depolymerized using a photocatalytic reaction, and the photocatalytic degradation products (dSCSPs) with an average molecular weight of less than 2 kDa were studied and compared with SCSP. They were characterized by a series of chemical and spectroscopy methods and the oligosaccharide fragments in the dSCSP were further identified by HPLC-MSn analysis. Then, the in vivo experiment showed that the addition of SCSP or dSCSP to Baijiu could alleviate alcoholic liver injury in mice. Further analysis also revealed their protective effect in reducing oxidative stress damage and their regulation of the metabolism of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the liver. Of note, dSCSP was more effective at reducing the level of malondialdehyde in the liver. These findings indicate that the addition of sea cucumber polysaccharide or its low-molecular-weight derivative in Baijiu has the potential to alleviate alcoholic liver injury.
The Role of Promoting Agricultural and Food Products Certified with European Union Quality Schemes
Authors: Glogovețan Alexandra-Ioana , Pocol Cristina Bianca
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies in promoting local agricultural and food products in Romania, certified with European Union quality schemes. By examining consumer profiles, preferences, and their awareness of EU quality labels, the research uncovers the motivations driving purchasing decisions and the influence of digital marketing on these choices. Utilizing quantitative methods, including a comprehensive survey across 903 respondents, the study identifies four distinct consumer segments: Eco−Advocates, Les Connaisseurs, Price−Sensitives, and Traditionalists. These segments exhibit unique behaviors and attitudes toward certified products. The research highlights the potential of digital marketing to significantly alter consumer behavior toward EU-certified products, underscoring the importance of tailored communication strategies. It contributes to the understanding of consumer segmentation in the context of European Union quality schemes, providing valuable insights for policymakers, marketers, and producers. The findings advocate for enhanced digital marketing efforts to increase awareness and appreciation of these certified products, thereby supporting the broader objectives of quality and certification in the European agricultural and food product sector.
Teaching Practice on Sámi Topics in Schools: A Mixed Methods Study from the South Saepmie Region of Norway
Authors: Holand Anna Marie , Haugan Kåre
Published: March 2024

The Norwegian primary and secondary school curriculum from 2020 (LK20) clearly states that the history, cultural life, and rights of the indigenous Sámi people should be included in the school practice. This study addresses how objectives in the subject-specific plans with Sámi content are taught and explores, in addition, teachers’ experiences and reflections on these topics. To investigate this, an electronic questionnaire with open and closed questions was sent to all primary and secondary schools in the South Saepmie region of Norway. The results indicate that a high degree of the respondents include Sámi culture and tradition in their teaching, and there is a variation in their teaching from happenings on February 6th to interdisciplinary projects. The teachers report a lack of competence and call for a greater emphasis on Sámi topics in the teacher education programs. A lack of available teaching aids is experienced even though many found other resources locally and, e.g., on the internet. They experienced, however, an increase in the availability of teaching aids in recent years. The respondents pointed out, however, that inadequate teacher competence and a lack of teaching aids strongly limited the respondents’ possibility to teach Sámi topics in school. Consequently, more teaching aids should be developed, and Sámi content in continuing and teacher education programs should be strengthened.
Aquatic Exercise in Physical Therapy Treatment for Fibromyalgia: Systematic Review
Authors: Rodríguez-Huguet Manuel , Ayala-Martínez Carmen , Góngora-Rodríguez Pablo , Rosety-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Martín-Valero Rocío , Góngora-Rodríguez Jorge
Published: March 2024

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this study was to synthesize scientific evidence on the effects of aquatic exercise programs on pain and quality of life in individuals with fibromyalgia. This review was carried out using the following databases in January 2024: Cochrane Library, PEDro, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Four clinical trials focusing on aquatic exercise as a treatment for patients with fibromyalgia were selected. These trials were published in English between 2019 and 2024. Pain recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and quality of life with the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) or Fibromyalgia Impact on Quality of Life (FIQ) were the most commonly analyzed variables. This review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024510219). The results in terms of pain and quality of life were positive. In conclusion, these findings support the incorporation of aquatic exercise into fibromyalgia physical therapy treatment. However, the benefits could be equivalent to those of other exercise modalities, underscoring the need for individualized adaptation to each patient’s needs.
Significance of Smoking in Patients with Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evaluation of Coronary Flow, Microcirculation and Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Authors: Boulos Mariana , Sharif Yasmine , Assy Nimer , Sharif Dawod
Published: March 2024

In the thrombolytic care era, myocardial infarction in cigarette smokers was associated with better six-month outcomes compared to non-smokers. Aims: We tested the hypothesis that in patients with anterior myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), cigarette smoking is associated with better coronary artery flow, myocardial perfusion, and left ventricular systolic function. Methods: Ninety-nine patients (sixty-six smokers) with anterior STEMI treated with PPCI were studied. Angiographic coronary artery flow TIMI grades, myocardial blush grades (MBGs) before and after PPCI, ST-segment elevation resolution, maximal troponin I and creatine phosphokinase blood levels, left ventricular echocardiographic systolic function as well as left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) velocity parameters at admission and at discharge were evaluated. Results: Smokers and non-smokers were treated similarly. In smokers, the age was significantly younger, 54 ± 10, compared to non-smokers, 71.8 ± 10 years, p < 0.05, and had a lower prevalence of women, 13.6% compared to 36.6%. TIMI and MBG before and after PPCI were similar between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers had a lower prevalence of complete ST elevation resolution, 33% compared to 50% in non-smokers. Diastolic LAD velocity and integral were lower in smokers, p < 0.05. Maximal biomarker blood levels as well as LV systolic function at admission and on discharge were similar. Conclusions: Cigarette smokers with anterior STEMI treated with PPCI were younger with a lower prevalence of women and of complete ST elevation resolution and had lower LAD diastolic velocity and integral late after PPCI. However, angiographic parameters and LV systolic function parameters were similar.
The Role of Postoperative Radiotherapy in the Management of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Multidisciplinary Systematic Review
Authors: Fionda Bruno , Loperfido Antonella , Di Stefani Alessandro , Lancellotta Valentina , Paradisi Andrea , De Angeli Martina , Cappilli Simone , Rossi Ernesto , Caretto Anna Amelia , Zinicola Tiziano , Schinzari Giovanni , Gentileschi Stefano , Morganti Alessio Giuseppe , Rembielak Agata , Peris Ketty , Tagliaferri Luca
Published: March 2024

Background: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a superficial soft tissue sarcoma, and surgical excision is the first-line treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an update about the current indications and clinical results regarding the use of postoperative radiotherapy in DSFP, considering both adjuvant and salvage setting. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review using the main scientific database, including Cochrane library, Scopus, and PubMed, for any relevant article about the topic, and we considered all available papers without any time restriction. Results: Twenty-two papers, published between 1989 and 2023, were retrieved and considered eligible for inclusion in this review. Regarding the fractionation schedules, most authors reported using standard fractionation (2 Gy/die) with a wide total dose ranging from 50 to 70 Gy. The local control after postoperative radiotherapy was excellent (75–100%), with a median follow-up time of 69 months. Conclusions: After the primary surgical management of DFSP, postoperative radiotherapy may either be considered as adjuvant treatment (presence of risk factors, i.e., close margins, recurrent tumours, aggressive histological subtypes) or as salvage treatment (positive margins) and should be assessed within the frame of multidisciplinary evaluation.
Surgical and Fertility Outcomes of Reduced-Port Robotic Myomectomy: A Single-Center Experience of 401 Cases
Authors: Paik Haerin , Hong Yeon Hee , Choi Yae Ji , Kim Seul Ki , Lee Jung Ryeol , Suh Chang Suk
Published: March 2024

Background: Reduced-port robotic myomectomy (RPRM) using Da Vinci® Xi™ is a good fertility-saving surgical option, but the surgical and fertility outcomes are unknown. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating the feasibility of RPRM in an academic tertiary hospital setting. A total of 401 patients who underwent RPRM by a single operator between October 2017 and October 2021 were included. For RPRM, three ports are required: a 1.5 cm umbilical incision and two 0.8 cm incisions 8 cm lateral to the umbilicus. A single-port system was applied through the umbilicus, which also functioned as a working port. Unlike conventional robotic surgery, only three robot arms were utilized for the entire surgical procedure. Results: Surgical and fertility outcomes were assessed through medical records review and follow-up telephone contact. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 39.7 ± 6.0 years. The most common indication for surgery was menorrhagia (n = 128, 31.9%). The average number of myomas removed was 4.7 ± 4.1 (1–22), and the size was 7.8 ± 2.5 cm (2.5–16.0). The mean operation time was 103.7 ± 45.6 min. Postoperative complications were found in 9.7% (n = 39) of patients; the most common complication was transfusion (7.7%, n = 31). After surgery, 70 patients tried to conceive, and 56 became pregnant naturally or by assisted reproduction (56/70, 80.0%). The mean interval time from operation to conception was 13.5 ± 10.1 months. Among 56 who conceived, 44 gave birth (62.9%), five were still ongoing (7.1%), and seven had miscarriages (10.0%). Cesarean section was performed for most cases (43/44, 97.7%). Eight patients had obstetric complications (16.3%), but no uterine rupture was reported. Conclusions: RPRM, which provides the benefits of conventional robotic surgery along with favorable obstetric and cosmetic results, is a feasible option for patients with symptomatic uterine myomas who wish to conceive in the future.
Current and Future Challenges for Rehabilitation for Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Moe Rikke Helene , Vliet Vlieland Thea P. M.
Published: March 2024

This narrative review discusses the importance of rehabilitation in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), ultimately aiming to reduce their impact on individuals and society. It specifically emphasizes the need for rehabilitation in inflammatory arthritis (IA), particularly in cases where medical management is insufficient. It acknowledges that the complexity of rehabilitation demands a flexible approach. Thereby, it touches on the various models of rehabilitation, which may include multidisciplinary team care, extended practice models, shared care, remote care, and work rehabilitation. It discusses the challenges in research, practice, and policy implementation. In research, the need for innovative research designs is highlighted, whereas regarding clinical practice the importance of early detection of disability and patient engagement is underlined, as well as the role of telehealth and AI in reshaping the rehabilitation landscape. Financial barriers and work force shortages are identified as challenges that hinder the effective delivery of rehabilitative care. On the policy level, this paper suggests that the allocation of healthcare resources often prioritizes acute conditions over chronic diseases, leading to disparities in care. This paper concludes by emphasizing the critical role of evidence-based rehabilitation in improving the quality of life for people with RMDs, in particular for those with IA, and promoting their healthy aging. It also calls for tailored rehabilitation models and the early identification of persons with rehabilitation needs as future challenges in this field.
Sexualized Drug Use and Chemsex among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Coronado-Muñoz Marina , García-Cabrera Emilio , Quintero-Flórez Angélica , Román Encarnación , Vilches-Arenas Ángel
Published: March 2024

Background: In recent years, in Europe, there has been a growing concern about the use of sexualized drugs among men who have sex with men (MSM), due to its possible link to an increase in sexually transmitted infections. The aim of this review is to study the prevalence of chemsex, and the sexualized drug used in Europe, describing both different consumption patterns and other sexual behaviors considered risky and their possible relationship with positivity in diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: We conducted a literature review in the main scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science), filtering for articles published between January 2018 and April 2023 that collect information on sexualized drug use and sexual practices conducted in European countries among men who have sex with men, including whether these behaviors can lead to diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections. Results: The definition of drugs included in chemsex is not clearly defined and shows heterogeneity between study publications; the three drugs presented in all manuscripts are mephedrone, GHB/GBL, and crystal methamphetamine. The prevalence of chemsex in Europe is 16% [11–21%] among MSM. The most frequent risky sexual behavior associated with chemsex practice was unprotected sex with a high number of partners. The log risk ratio of STIs was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.49 to 1.23). Conclusions: Adherence to definitions, stringent research methodologies, and focused interventions are needed to tackle the intricate relationship between substance use, sexual behavior, and the risk of HIV/STI transmission in MSM.
Tumour-Induced Osteomalacia—A Long Way to the Diagnosis Facilitated by [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Kunikowska Jolanta , Andryszak Natalia , Skowrońska-Jóźwiak Elżbieta , Pełka Kacper , Zygmunt Arkadiusz , Lewiński Andrzej , Ruchała Marek , Czepczyński Rafał
Published: March 2024

Background: Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. Detecting the primary tumour in TIO is challenging using conventional imaging methods. This study assesses the efficacy of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in identifying the primary tumour. Methods: Six patients with suspected TIO underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. The patients’ clinical history and biochemical parameters were analysed. Results: [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT successfully identified primary tumours in four patients (femoral bones for two, iliac bone for one, subcutaneous tissue of pubic region for one). Tumour removal led to clinical and laboratory improvement. In one patient, PET/CT showed rib uptake, but the biopsy was negative. One patient showed no tumour lesions on PET/CT despite clinical evidence. Two patients had focal recurrence at the primary tumour site, detected by follow-up PET/CT. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is a valuable tool for detecting primary tumours in TIO, aiding in accurate diagnosis and guiding surgery, leading to improved outcomes. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in other paraneoplastic syndromes.