bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Obesity Management Training in Family Medicine: Multi-methods evaluation of the 5AsT-MD Pilot Course
Authors: Luig Thea , Wicklum Sonja , Heatherington Melanie , Vu Albert , Cameron Erin , Klein Doug , Sharma Arya M , Campbell-Scherer Denise
Published: November 2019

Background : Quality, evidence-based obesity management training for family medicine residents is needed to better support patients. To address this gap, we developed a comprehensive course based on the 5As of Obesity Management™ (ASK, ASSESS, ADVISE, AGREE, ASSIST), a framework and suite of resources to improve residents’ knowledge and confidence in obesity counselling. This study assessed the course’s impact on residents’ attitudes, beliefs, and confidence with obesity counselling. Methods : The course combines lectures with a bariatric suit experience, standardized and in-clinic patient practice, and narrative reflections. Using a multi-methods design we measured changes in 42 residents’ attitudes, beliefs, and self-confidence and thematically analyzed the narrative reflections to understand residents’ experience with the course content and pedagogy. Results : Following the course, residents reported improved attitudes towards people living with obesity and improved confidence for obesity counselling. Pre/post improvement in BAOP scores (n=32) were significant (p<.001)., ATOP scores did not change significantly. Residents showed improvement in assessing root causes of weight gain (p<.01), advising patients on treatment options (p<.05), agreeing with patients on health outcomes (p<.05), assisting patients in addressing their barriers (p<.05), counseling patients on weight gain during pregnancy, (p<.05), counseling patients on depression and anxiety (p<.01), counseling patients on iatrogenic causes of weight gain (p<.01), counseling patients who have children with obesity (p<.05), and referring patients to interdisciplinary provider for care (p<.05). Qualitative analysis of narrative reflections illustrates that experiential learning was crucial in increasing residents’ ability to empathically engage with patients and to critically reflect on implications for their practice. Conclusion: The 5AsT-MD course has the potential to increase residents’ confidence and competency in obesity prevention and management. Findings reflect the utility of the 5As to improve residents’ confidence and competency in obesity management counselling.
Measuring the Effect of Parents’ Socio-economic Status and Early Literacy Experience on Moroccan Students’ Reading Comprehension Development: An Illustration from PIRLS 2016
Authors: Nadori Neirouz
Published: November 2019

Because students’ reading development is a subject to many influences, home-based factors constitute important components in this process. Parents socio-economic status (parents’ occupation and educational level) as well as early literacy experience before school are strongly linked to students’ reading comprehension achievement. However, less is known about home-based effects on Moroccan students’ reading comprehension development. This research is concerned with investigating the relations between early literacy experience before school, parents’ occupation and educational level and reading comprehension development. This study is framed within developmental systems framework. This perspective states that influences on reading achievement do not exist in isolation and that we must direct attention towards examining the interactions between the different layers of the systems (psychological and contextual factors) and the learners’ developmental outcomes (reading comprehension achievement).  The reading comprehension is measured based on two reading purposes; a) reading for literary experience, b) reading to acquire and use information. Data of 7805 grade 4 students participating in PIRLS 2016 (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) is investigated. A multilevel linear regression analysis is used to model the relationship between parents’ SES, early literacy experience and reading comprehension achievement. These home-based factors explain 15% of variance in reading achievement. Early literacy activities before school and parents’ educational level, particularly fathers’ education have a substantial impact on reading comprehension achievement. These findings have important practical implications for encouraging early literacy experience before school and enhancing parents’ educational involvement
A Wigner molecule at extremely low densities: a numerically exact study
Authors: Escobar Azor Miguel , Brooke Léa , Evangelisti Stefano , Leininger Thierry , Loos Pierre-François , Suaud Nicolas , Berger Arjan
Published: November 2019

In this work we investigate Wigner localization at very low densities
by means of the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. This yields
numerically exact results. In particular, we study a
quasi-one-dimensional system of two electrons that are confined to a
ring by three-dimensional gaussians placed along the ring perimeter. To
characterize the Wigner localization we study several appropriate
observables, namely the two-body reduced density matrix, the
localization tensor and the particle-hole entropy. We show that the
localization tensor is the most promising quantity to study Wigner
localization since it accurately captures the transition from the
delocalized to the localized state and it can be applied to systems of
all sizes.
Luxury consumers’ behavior: a cross-cultural aspect
Authors: Naumova Olena , Bilan Svitlana , Naumova Mariia
Published: November 2019

A comprehensive study of the consumers’ needs and demands, the patterns of their social and cultural behavior are essential to the success of the modern luxury companies in their market activity. The purpose of research is to study the possible differences and similarities in the perception of luxury and motivation to purchase these goods by consumers in different parts of the world and selection of acceptable marketing tools. The study is built on the results of analysis of cultural values in some countries using the country comparison tool developed by Hofstede and the results of analysis of scientific articles on the behavior of luxury goods consumers in different countries. The methodology approach – Hofstede’s model of national culture and scientific studies belonging to cultural impacts on luxury consumers’ behavior – is applied to explore cross-cultural differences in luxury consumption behavior. The findings of the study are as follows: consumers from countries with high power distance, collectivism, and masculinity, long-term orientation, and low indulgence primarily perceive social values in consuming luxury goods and are sensitive to conspicuous luxury-status. In cultures with high individualism, masculinity, indulgence, and low power distance, consumers display to perceive individual and functional values and are sensitive to “emotional hedonistic luxury.” The consumption of luxury goods in the Asian region is characterized by significant focusing on social values and status consumption, more than in the rest of the world. The motives of achievements in the form of self-realization and self-actualization are among the main reasons for the luxury consumption of European Union consumers.
Innovation potential of cross-generational creative teams in the EU
Authors: Říhová Lenka , Písař Přemysl , Havlíček Karel
Published: November 2019

The goal of this article is to define the key factors for the development of cross-generational creative teams, the application of which can help businesses achieve maximum use of their human capital and thereby increase their innovative potential. The need to explore this issue is due not only to technical and technological development, which is fundamentally changing the content of work and the approach to work, but also due to the current lack of workers on the labor market of the Czech Republic and other EU countries. Findings from this article are based on a quantitative study on the research sample of 341 SMEs from the EU for the period 2017–2019. The data examined were obtained based on a personalized questionnaire in the SMEs. The outputs of the key factors for innovation potential of cross-generational creative teams’ linear correlation were further validated by experimental testing on a selected set of successful creative teams. During this testing in the form of in-depth semi-structured interviews, key areas of human resource management were defined in order to achieve more efficient use of human capital. It was confirmed that cross-generational creative teams have an influence on the innovative planning or financial health of a company, and four key areas of HR management were defined to increase the innovation potential of human capital: care and motivation of existing creative team members; acquisition of new creative team members; defining the competencies of creative team members; communication and digital culture.
RASPCAR – CARRO ROBÓTICO GUIADO REMOTAMENTE
Authors: Santos Rafael Marcelo , Flôr Daniela Eloise
Published: November 2019

A condução remotamente guiada é parte do futuro vindouro dos carros autônomos. As impactantes mudanças que este cenário vêm sofrendo, bem como seus desafios e consequências exige reflexão e qualificação imediata. Neste cenário, a construção do RASPCAR, protótipo de carro robótico guiado remotamente, promoveu encontros desafiadores para os pesquisadores e para a comunidade discente por onde o trabalho foi apresentado. Os resultados apontam que como estratégia pedagógica, a confecção do protótipo didático aliado aos questionamentos críticos se mostrou bastante produtivo para o aumento do interesse pela temática e na reflexão sobre a importância da qualificação tecnológica para a conquista de novos avanços.
Giuseppe Zander restorer. The methodological approach to the conservation project
Authors: Crova Cesare
Published: November 2019

Giuseppe Zander was the "Proto" of the "Fabbrica di San Pietro": the architect who undertook the restoration of the most important complex of Christianity, after being a member of the Pontifical Commission of Sacred Art in Italy.In this capacity, the approach to the monument for Zander was of absolute respect, the knowledge of the architectural work was acquired through real sketches, annotations on the formal and constructive aspects, the building phases, the materials used, the degradation. The direct investigation was accompanied by the theoretical study with the bibliographic and archival research, from which derived the critical synthesis contained in his notebooks. From these studies emerges the full mastery of the subject and the opportunity to understand the context by an audience not necessarily made of experts, using a simple and immediate language, but at the same time cultured, full of classic quotations, from which emerges his figure of humanist.His designer activity as a restorer remains in all his projects, from which the mentioned concepts are outlined, with his careful theoretical reflection that precedes the restoration project, in which he acquires the values of the past architecture transposing them into modern forms through the use of modern techniques and technologies, in perfect union with construction techniques and local typological habits.Among many projects, we focus on the restoration of the "Collegiate Church of San Pietro" in Minturno (1966-67), in which we find the synthesis of the methodological path of Giuseppe Zander.
The role of geometry on stability of large domes: Roman Pantheon as cultural emblem and constructive reference
Authors: Cennamo Claudia , Cusano Concetta
Published: November 2019

This paper focuses on large domes’ building techniques and use of geometric rules in the design and construction of religious structures. A quick excursus on the cultural heritage in Italy and abroad highlights how domes have been used almost exclusively in sacred architecture, rather than in civic buildings, for most of history. Born of the need to cover large spaces without facing with the encumbrance of vertical elements, the domed cover, ideal for places of worship crowded by hundreds of faithful, has assumed, over the centuries, a symbolic meaning to every religion. In fact, identifying the shape of a large dome in the urban landscape immediately means to recognize the sacredness of that place. The ancient Romans who believed in the gods, Christians, Hindus and Muslims, all used this very peculiar architectural element in churches or mosques to express a kind of spiritual symbolism and, as mentioned, the fact that the shape of the dome arises from a functional reason, it has over time got pushed aside. Furthermore, the circle is a geometric form that possesses a great symbolic force, generated by the idea that, having no beginning and no end, reflected perfection, the eternal, and also the heavens. In this perspective, drawing a circle both in the horizontal and vertical section, the ultimate paradigm for all monumental domes was the Roman Pantheon which, with its centrally placed "oculus" or “eye of heaven” proved to be a model for all other domes after it, retaining its position as the most ancient and well preserved dome in the world. Therefore, this article concentrates on the study of the Pantheon as an emblem and reference model for all monumental domes. By analyzing the “meaning” of its architectural design and its structural and geometric characteristics, the research dissects a comparison between similar large domes, similar to each other, such as that of St. Francesco di Paola in Naples and the Mosta Dome in Malta. The comprehension of these valuable architectural artifacts lies between the search for their original geometry and the identification of structural models through which their shape was defined, namely the geometric and proportional rules of the past.
“Ars sine scientia” or rather “Ars sine geometria”? The debate of 1400 on the elevation of Milan cathedral
Authors: Sebregondi Giulia Ceriani
Published: November 2019

The construction of Milan Cathedral from 1386 was one of the most important episodes in the history of Italian and European architecture because of the uniqueness of the building itself — the largest Gothic church ever constructed in Italy — and because of the presence of some of the most authoritative architects of the late Fourteenth and Fifteenth centuries in Europe (Lombard, French, German).The documentation about the discussions on how to build the Duomo in the late Trecento and early Quattrocento, especially on the structural choices to be made and the different Lombard and Northern building-site practices, made famous to English readers in a celebrated article by James Ackerman, is extraordinarily rich and extensive, permitting considerations on the relationship between medieval architectural ideals and an actual project.The paper focuses on the famous discussions of 1400, in part a re-run of those of 1392. It will be argued that famous criticism by the French expert Jean Mignot of Milanese architects involving the terms ars and scientia could have a very different meaning from the one generally accepted in the literature. Consequently, it will result that Mignot wanted to return to the original project proposed by Gabriele Stornaloco, which embodied the desired correspondence between the sacred architecture and the perfect God’s world.All of which, could be of some interest to medievalists in general, and to those concerned with architectural theory and with the relationship between Gothic architecture and literature in particular.
Study of the phytotoxic potential of olive mill wastewaters on a leguminous plant ‘Vicia faba L.’
Authors: Sdiri Ghidaoui Jawaher , Bargougui Lobna , Chaieb Mohamed , Mekki Ali
Published: November 2019

We investigated the study of the phytotoxic potential of olive mill wastewaters (OMW) on the germination and growth responses of the faba bean ‘Vicia faba L.’ leguminous plant cultivated under an arid Mediterranean climate. The results showed that the raw OMW blocked the germination of the seeds tested, while OMW treated soil extracts stimulate the seeds' germination rate. The monitoring of the faba bean growth parameters in the different OMW treated soils showed that the optimal growth of the faba bean plants has been recorded for the soil amended with 25 m3 ha−1 of OMW. Although the 50 m3 ha−1 dose is the most suitable for the soil studied, our results showed that the 25 m3 ha−1 dose is the most suitable for the vegetative development, as well as for the productivity of the plant tested ‘Vicia faba L.’.
Removal of toxic metals using ferrate(VI): a review
Authors: Dong Shuyu , Mu Yao , Sun Xuhui
Published: November 2019

Heavy metal contamination of water resources is a critical issue which adversely affects humans. Ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42−, Fe(VI)), as a new type of green multifunctional water treatment agent, has shown promising potential for environmental decontamination. A complete understanding of the interactions between ferrate(VI) and toxic metals can be conducive to the further development of ferrate(VI) technology for application to wastewater treatment. This review first introduces the purification of ferrate(VI) technology for toxic metals including free heavy metals and metal complexes briefly. The effective parameters are then analyzed and discussed in detail. Subsequently, the reactivity and mechanisms of ferrate(VI) with toxic metals are emphatically described. Finally, possible research challenges and directions for ferrate(VI) technology applied to wastewater treatment in the future are summarized.
Nitrous oxide emissions from aerobic granular sludge
Authors: Jahn Lydia , Svardal Karl , Krampe Jörg
Published: November 2019

The emissions of climate-relevant nitrous oxides from wastewater treatment with aerobic granular sludge (AGS) are of special interest due to considerable structural as well as microbiological differences compared with flocculent sludge. Due to the compact and large structures, AGS is characterised by the formation of zones with different dissolved oxygen (DO) and substrate gradients, which allows simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). N2O emissions from AGS were investigated using laboratory-scale SBR fed with municipal wastewater. Special attention was paid to the effects of different organic loading rates (OLR) and aeration strategies. Emission factors (EF) were in a range of 0.54% to 4.8% (gN2O/gNH4-Nox.) under constant aerobic conditions during the aerated phase and different OLR. Higher OLR and SND were found to increase the N2O emissions. A comparative measurement of two similarly operated SBR with AGS showed that the reactor operated under constant aerobic conditions (DO of 2 mg L−1) emitted more N2O than the SBR with an alternating aeration strategy. Total nitrogen (TN) removal was significantly higher with the alternating aeration since non-aerated periods lead to increased anoxic zones inside the granules. The constant aerobic operation was found to promote the accumulation of NO2-N, which could explain the differences in the N2O levels.
Acercamiento a la histórica migración de mujeres indígenas Mam de Guatemala a las fincas cafetaleras de Chiapas (México). Análisis de su situación actual
Authors: Robles-Santana Mª Aránzazu
Published: November 2019

La investigación que aquí se presenta tiene como objeto realizar una primera aproximación a cómo se desarrolla en la actualidad la migración de mujeres Mam, originarias de Guatemala, hacia la región del Soconusco, Chiapas (México), para trabajar en las fincas de café. Para ello se ha contextualizado su migración en un marco de movilidad transfronteriza histórica, que desdibuja incluso la propia frontera, dando lugar a lo que se denomina “migración circular”. Sin embargo, se han ido dando cambios en las dinámicas migratorias que han concedido a las mujeres cierta autonomía en su decisión y forma de migrar. Asimismo, el artículo se acerca a la historia prehispánica del pueblo Mam, que lo sitúa como la civilización maya más antigua del área. La investigación se ha realizado desde un triple enfoque: histórico, de género y descolonial: metodología presente en las conversaciones en profundidad con mujeres mames, así como con organizaciones sociales e instituciones.
Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Toxicity, Applications, and Future Prospects
Authors: Chaudhary Ratiram G. , Bhusari Ganesh S. , Tiple Ashish D. , Rai Alok R. , Somkuvar Subhash R. , Potbhare Ajay K. , Lambat Trimurti L. , Ingle Prashant P. , Abdala Ahmed A.
Published: November 2019

The ever-growing resistance of pathogens to antibiotics and crop disease due to pest has triggered severe health concerns in recent years. Consequently, there is a need of powerful and protective materials for the eradication of diseases. Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (M/MO NPs) are powerful agents due to their therapeutic effects in microbial infections. In this context, the present review article discusses the toxicity, fate, effects and applications of M/MO NPs. This review starts with an introduction, followed by toxicity aspects, antibacterial and testing methods and mechanism. In addition, discussion on the impact of different M/MO NPs and their characteristics such as size, shape, particle dissolution on their induced toxicity on food and plants, as well as applications in pesticides. Finally, prospective on current and future issues are presented.
Effects of Annurca Apple (Malus pumila cv Annurca) Polyphenols on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: D'Angelo Stefania , Martino Elisa , Cacciapuoti Giovanna
Published: November 2019

Background:

Dietary micronutrients have been proposed as effective inhibitory agents for
cancer initiation, progression, and incidence. Among them, polyphenols, present in different foods
and beverages, have retained attention in recent years. Apples are among the most consumed fruits
worldwide, and several studies suggest that apple polyphenols could play a role in the prevention of
degenerative diseases.

Aims and Objectives:

The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of Annurca flesh polyphenols
extract (AFPE) effects of proliferation on MCF-7 cells.

Methods:

The data indicated that apple polyphenolic compounds had a significant antiproliferative
action on MCF-7 cells and 500μM EqC AFPE induced a cell cycle arrest at G2/M. AFPE was also
capable of inducing morphological changes as evidenced by nuclear condensation.

Results:

The cellular, morphological, and molecular data unequivocally suggested that induction of
cellular apoptosis was mainly responsible for the previously observed antiproliferation-induced
AFPE on MCF-7 cells.

Conclusion:

Taken together, AFPE that acts at a low micromolar range against breast cancer cells
may be considered as a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.
Benign Intracranial Lesions - Radiotherapy: An Overview of Treatment Options, Indications and Therapeutic Results
Authors: Tzikoulis Vasileios , Gkantaifi Areti , Alongi Filippo , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Saraireh Haytham Hamed , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Tzikoulis Georgios , Andreou Emmanouil , Tsapakidis Konstantinos , Kardamakis Dimitrios , Tsanadis Konstantinos , Kyrgias George , Tolia Maria
Published: November 2019

Background:

Radiation Therapy (RT) is an established treatment option for benign intracranial lesions. The aim of this study is to display an update on the role of RT concerning the most frequent benign brain lesions and tumors.

Methods:

Published articles about RT and meningiomas, Vestibular Schwannomas (VSs), Pituitary Adenomas (PAs), Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) and craniopharyngiomas were reviewed and extracted data were used.

Results:

In meningiomas RT is applied as an adjuvant therapy, in case of patientrefusing surgery or in unresectable tumors. The available techniques are External Beam RT (EBRT) and stereotactic ones such as Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), Fractionated Stereotactic RT (FSRT), Intensity Modulated RT (IMRT) and proton-beam therapy. The same indications are considered in PAs, in which SRS and FSRT achieve excellent tumor control rate (92-100%), acceptable hormone remission rates (>50%) and decreased Adverse Radiation Effects (AREs). Upon tumor growth or neurological deterioration, RT emerges as alone or adjuvant treatment against VSs, with SRS, FSRT, EBRT or protonbeam therapy presenting excellent tumor control growth (>90%), facial nerve (84-100%), trigeminal nerve (74-99%) and hearing (>50%) preservation. SRS poses an effective treatment modality of certain AVMs, demonstrating a 3-year obliteration rate of 80%. Lastly, a combination of microsurgery and RT presents equal local control and 5-year survival rate (>90%) but improved toxicity profile compared to total resection in case of craniopharyngiomas.

Conclusion:

RT comprises an effective treatment modality of benign brain and intracranial lesions. By minimizing its AREs with optimal use, RT projects as a potent tool against such diseases.
Feasibility of Point-of-Care Testing for Influenza Within a National Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network in England: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: de Lusignan Simon , Hoang Uy , Liyanage Harshana , Yonova Ivelina , Ferreira Filipa , Diez-Domingo Javier , Clark Tristan
Published: November 2019

Background

Point-of-care testing (POCT) for influenza promises to provide real-time information to influence clinical decision making and improve patient outcomes. Public Health England has published a toolkit to assist implementation of these tests in the UK National Health Service.

Objective

A feasibility study will be undertaken to assess the implementation of influenza POCT in primary care as part of a sentinel surveillance network.

Methods

We will conduct a mixed methods study to compare the sampling rates in practices using POCT and current virology swabbing practices not using POCT, and to understand the issues and barriers to implementation of influenza POCT in primary care workflows. The study will take place between March and May 2019. It will be nested in general practices that are part of the English national sentinel surveillance network run by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre. The primary outcome is the number of valid influenza swabs taken and tested by the practices involved in the study using the new POCT.

Results

A total of 6 practices were recruited, and data collection commenced on March 11, 2019. Moreover, 312 swab samples had been collected at the time of submission of the protocol, which was 32.5% (312/960) of the expected sample size. In addition, 68 samples were positive for influenza, which was 20.1% (68/338) of the expected sample size.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time an evaluation study has been undertaken on POCT for influenza in general practice in the United Kingdom. This proposed study promises to shed light on the feasibility of implementation of POCT in primary care and on the views of practitioners about the use of influenza POCT in primary care, including its impact on primary care workflows.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/14186
Correlates of Successful Enrollment of Same-Sex Male Couples Into a Web-Based HIV Prevention Research Study: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Stephenson Rob , Chavanduka Tanaka MD , Sullivan Stephen , Mitchell Jason W
Published: November 2019

Background

The recognition of the role of primary partners in HIV transmission has led to a growth in dyadic-focused HIV prevention efforts. The increasing focus on male couples in HIV research has been paralleled by an increase in the development of interventions aimed at reducing HIV risk behaviors among male couples. The ability to accurately assess the efficacy of these interventions rests on the ability to successfully enroll couples into HIV prevention research.

Objective

This study aimed to explore factors associated with successful dyadic engagement in Web-based HIV prevention research using recruitment and enrollment data from a large sample of same-sex male couples recruited online from the United States.

Methods

Data came from a large convenience sample of same-sex male couples in the United States, who were recruited through social media venues for a Web-based, mixed method HIV prevention research study. The analysis examined the demographic factors associated with successful dyadic engagement in research, measured as both members of the dyad meeting eligibility criteria, consenting for the study, and completing all study processes.

Results

Advertisements generated 221,258 impressions, resulting in 4589 clicks. Of the 4589 clicks, 3826 individuals were assessed for eligibility, of which 1076 individuals (538/1913, 28.12% couples) met eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Of the remaining 2740 ineligible participants, 1293/3826 (33.80%) were unlinked because their partner did not screen for eligibility, 48/2740 (1.75%) had incomplete partner data because at least one partner did not finish the survey, 22/2740 (0.80%) were ineligible because of 1 partner not meeting the eligibility criteria. Furthermore, 492/3826 (12.86%) individuals were fraudulent. The likelihood of being in a matched couple varied significantly by race and ethnicity, region, and relationship type. Men from the Midwest were less likely to have a partner who did not complete the survey. Men with college education and those who labeled their relationships as husband or other (vs boyfriend) were more likely to have a partner who did not complete the survey.

Conclusions

The processes used allowed couples to independently progress through the stages necessary to enroll in the research study, while limiting opportunities for coercion, and resulted in a large sample with relative diversity in demographic characteristics. The results underscore the need for additional considerations when recruiting and enrolling, relative to improving the methods associated with these research processes.
Examining Mobile Technologies to Support Older Adults With Dementia Through the Lens of Personhood and Human Needs: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Koo Bon Mi , Vizer Lisa M
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

With the world’s rapidly growing older adult population, there is an increase in the number of people living with dementia. This growth leads to a strain on their caregivers and our health care system and to an increased attention on mitigating strain by using mobile technology to sustain the independence of people with dementia. However, less attention is given to whether these technologies meet the stated and unstated needs of people with dementia.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the current research on mobile technologies for people with dementia, considering the current research through the lens of personhood and human needs, and to identify any gaps that represent research opportunities.

METHODS

We performed a systematic search in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in October 2018. We screened 5560 articles and identified 24 that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. We then performed thematic analysis to organize the articles by the types of support mobile technologies provide and mapped those types of support to human needs to identify the gaps in support.

RESULTS

Articles described research on mobile technologies that support people with dementia to (1) perform daily activities, (2) maintain social interaction, (3) aid memory, (4) engage in leisure activities, (5) track location, and (6) monitor health. At least one type of support mapped to each human need, with most supporting lower-level needs such as physiological and safety needs. Little attention seems to be paid to personhood.

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile technologies that support daily activities, relationships, memory, leisure activities, health, and safety can partially compensate for decreased function owing to dementia, but the human needs of people with dementia are often not adequately considered. Most technologies support basic physiological and safety needs, whereas many pay little attention to higher-level needs such as self-esteem and agency. Important research opportunities include using person-centered methods to develop technology to meet higher-level needs and to preserve personhood by incorporating human and psychological needs of people with dementia along with ethical considerations.
Artificial Intelligence–Assisted System in Postoperative Follow-up of Orthopedic Patients: Exploratory Quantitative and Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bian Yanyan , Xiang Yongbo , Tong Bingdu , Feng Bin , Weng Xisheng
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Patient follow-up is an essential part of hospital ward management. With the development of deep learning algorithms, individual follow-up assignments might be completed by artificial intelligence (AI). We developed an AI-assisted follow-up conversational agent that can simulate the human voice and select an appropriate follow-up time for quantitative, automatic, and personalized patient follow-up. Patient feedback and voice information could be collected and converted into text data automatically.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of AI-assisted follow-up to manual follow-up of patients after surgery. The secondary objective was to compare the feedback from AI-assisted follow-up to feedback from manual follow-up.

METHODS

The AI-assisted follow-up system was adopted in the Orthopedic Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital in April 2019. A total of 270 patients were followed up through this system. Prior to that, 2656 patients were followed up by phone calls manually. Patient characteristics, telephone connection rate, follow-up rate, feedback collection rate, time spent, and feedback composition were compared between the two groups of patients.

RESULTS

There was no statistically significant difference in age, gender, or disease between the two groups. There was no significant difference in telephone connection rate (manual: 2478/2656, 93.3%; AI-assisted: 249/270, 92.2%; P=.50) or successful follow-up rate (manual: 2301/2478, 92.9%; AI-assisted: 231/249, 92.8%; P=.96) between the two groups. The time spent on 100 patients in the manual follow-up group was about 9.3 hours. In contrast, the time spent on the AI-assisted follow-up was close to 0 hours. The feedback rate in the AI-assisted follow-up group was higher than that in the manual follow-up group (manual: 68/2656, 2.5%; AI-assisted: 28/270, 10.3%; P<.001). The composition of feedback was different in the two groups. Feedback from the AI-assisted follow-up group mainly included nursing, health education, and hospital environment content, while feedback from the manual follow-up group mostly included medical consultation content.

CONCLUSIONS

The effectiveness of AI-assisted follow-up was not inferior to that of manual follow-up. Human resource costs are saved by AI. AI can help obtain comprehensive feedback from patients, although its depth and pertinence of communication need to be improved.
The use of mobile health technology for Parkinson's disease self-management: a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Grosjean Sylvie , Bate Eliza , Mestre Tiago
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

The use of mobile health (mHealth) technology for Parkinson’s disease management has developed quickly in recent years. Research in this area often focuses on evaluation of the technology in terms of accuracy and reliability. The social dimension and patient perspectives have not been systematically evaluated and are vital considerations in terms of acceptability and long-term use of novel mHealth technologies.

OBJECTIVE

This qualitative systematic review aims to investigate the barriers to and facilitators of using mHealth technologies for disease self-management from the perspective of People with Parkinson's disease.

METHODS

MedLine, Embase, PsychInfo, Scopus and CINAHL databases were searched using specific key words, and published peer-reviewed articles from 2008 to 2018 were scanned for inclusion criteria.

RESULTS

A total of 10 articles were included in this qualitative systematic review. The articles highlight the social and technical factors including: usability, social acceptability, perceived benefits to treatment and quality of life that have the potential to impact mHealth technology use from the perspective of People with Parkinson's disease.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this systematic review suggest that it is important to strongly consider social dimensions in the design of mHealth technologies for People with Parkinson's in order to improve their social acceptability, a key feature of mHealth. We suggest that a co-design approach could contribute to the design and development of mHealth technologies that are more socially acceptable to People with Parkinson's, and enable their successful long term use in the context of daily life.
SMS Text Messages for Parents for the Prevention of Child Drowning in Bangladesh: Acceptability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hossain Md Mosharaf , Mani Kulanthayan , Mat Min Ruhani
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

In many cases, greater use is being made of mobile phone text messages as a means of communication between patients and health care providers in countries around the world.

OBJECTIVE

We studied the use of mobile phones and the factors related to the acceptability of text messages for parents for the prevention of child drowning in Bangladesh.

METHODS

From a randomized controlled trial involving 800 parents, 10% (80/800) were selected, and socioeconomic status, mobile phone use, and acceptability of SMS text messages for drowning prevention were measured. Participants with at least one child under 5 years of age were selected from rural areas in Rajshahi District in Bangladesh. Mobile phone–based SMS text messages were sent to the participants. Multivariate regression was used to determine the factors related to the acceptability of text messages for the prevention of child drowning in Bangladesh.

RESULTS

The acceptability of SMS text messages for the prevention of child drowning in Bangladesh was significantly lower among women (odds ratio [OR] 0.50, 95% CI 0.12-1.96, P=.02) than among men, lower for parents older than 30 years (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.14-1.70, P=.01) compared to parents younger than 30 years, higher among parents who had an education (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.11-5.80, P=.04) than among illiterate parents, and higher among parents with a monthly household income over 7000 Bangladeshi Taka (approximately US $82.54; OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.06-1.96, P=.05) than among parents whose monthly income was less than 7000 Bangladeshi Taka.

CONCLUSIONS

The high percentage of mobile phone use and the acceptability of SMS text messages for parents for the prevention of child drowning are encouraging, in terms of identifying the best strategy for using such technologies, and deserve further evaluation.
Evaluation of Spin in the Abstracts of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Focused on the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ottwell Ryan , Rogers Taylor C , Anderson J Michael , Johnson Austin , Vassar Matt
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Spin is the misrepresentation of study findings, which may positively or negatively influence the reader’s interpretation of the results. Little is known regarding the prevalence of spin in abstracts of systematic reviews, specifically systematic reviews pertaining to the management and treatment of acne vulgaris.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this study was to characterize and determine the frequency of the most severe forms of spin in systematic review abstracts and to evaluate whether various study characteristics were associated with spin.

METHODS

Using a cross-sectional study design, we searched PubMed and EMBASE for systematic reviews focusing on the management and treatment of acne vulgaris. Our search returned 316 studies, of which 36 were included in our final sample. To be included, each systematic review must have addressed either pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic treatment of acne vulgaris. These studies were screened, and data were extracted in duplicate by two blinded investigators. We analyzed systematic review abstracts for the nine most severe types of spin.

RESULTS

Spin was present in 31% (11/36) of abstracts. A total of 12 examples of spin were identified in the 11 abstracts containing spin, with one abstract containing two instances of spin. The most common type of spin, selective reporting of or overemphasis on efficacy outcomes or analysis favoring the beneficial effect of the experimental intervention, was identified five times (5/12, 42%). A total of 44% (16/36) of studies did not report a risk of bias assessment. Of the 11 abstracts containing spin, six abstracts (55%) had not reported a risk of bias assessment or performed a risk of bias assessment but did not discuss it. Spin in abstracts was not significantly associated with a specific intervention type, funding source, or journal impact factor.

CONCLUSIONS

Spin is present in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses covering the treatment of acne vulgaris. This paper raises awareness of spin in abstracts and emphasizes the importance of its recognition, which may lead to fewer incidences of spin in future studies.
Delimitación de las esferas jurisdiccionales entre los tribunales ordinarios y el tribunal constitucional
Authors: Cazor Aliste Kamel , Pica Flores Rodrigo
Published: November 2019

The delimitation of the jurisdictional spheres between the Ordinary Courts and the Constitutional Court in Chile, which is not explicit in the legal order regarding the writ of non-applicability. The search for such a demarcation is a problem around the jurisdictional body that would be responsible for determining it and the consequent rearticulation between the jurisdictions involved. The main goal of this research paper, therefore, is to study the theoretical and jurisprudential criteria of delimitation of the competence areas between the Ordinary Courts and the Constitutional Jurisdiction, within the framework of the application of the Constitution when an ordinary judge adjudicate a concrete issue and its relation with the writ of non-applicability by the Constitutional Court.
Relaciones entre las jurisdicciones ordinaria y constitucional en la aplicación de la Constitución:
Authors: Rojas Chamaca Julio
Published: November 2019

The relations between the ordinary and the constitutional jurisdictions, with reference to a sentence of the Supreme Court, that implicitly abolished Art. 76 of DL nº 1.094, 1975, due to the fact that, according to its opinion, the content of the rule was not compatible with the following Constitution. According to the Court, the preconstitutional precept lost validity and, as a consequence, and in use of its jurisdictional authority, it was estimated as not applicable, in this particular case. This sentence brought back a relevant argument, since in regards to preconstitutional laws, there is still no agreement in terms of doctrine and jurisprudence about the properly competent court to observe this phenomenon. In fact, to the Constitutional Court this is known as subsequent unconstitutionality, being that jurisdiction the only one that can establish the inapplicability or unconstitutionality of laws, whether they are pre or post-constitutional.
Metas de inflación y tipo de cambio real: volatilidad, estabilización y credibilidad
Authors: Beltrani Mariano , Cuattromo Juan
Published: November 2019

En este trabajo se desarrolla un modelo sencillo que muestra que, en una economía pequeña y abierta, en la cual el producto depende tanto de la tasa de interés como del tipo de cambio real, se observa que: a) el producto puede ser volátil en respuesta a choques exógenos, tanto externos como domésticos; b) la sensibilidad relativa que, en el corto plazo, tenga el producto a la tasa de interés y al tipo de cambio real será determinante para el nivel de producto de equilibrio. A su vez, se muestra que, dependiendo de dicha sensibilidad relativa, un banco central que tenga un objetivo de inflación y sea creíble puede mejorar el desempeño de la economía en el largo plazo.

 
BAHASA INDONESIA DAN NASIONALISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kertiasih Ni Nyoman
Published: November 2019

[Title: Indonesian Language and Nationalism in Indonesia] This paper reveals the relationship between the Indonesian language and nationalism, and their relation to one another. Indonesian recognized derived from the Malay language is the lingua franca formerly in trade in the archipelago. This paper is lifted language and nationalism with the following questions: (1) how the Malay language to be Indonesian? (2) how the spirit of Indonesian nationalism becomes a factor?, (3) how the Indonesian language in Indonesia's national and local context? From the results it appears that the Indonesian study originated from the ancient Malay language which evolved into the lingua franca in the association between the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago. Malay language that can momentum in youth congress Indonesia II (1928), expressed as the Indonesian language. Associated with nationalism, the Indonesian language becomes an important factor because of the language, ideas of nationhood developed within political organizations in the colonial period and the period afterwards. Indonesian in a local context to be understood that the regional languages have enriched the Indonesian language in its development. Next in the national context, the Indonesian language remain important, as a symbol of unity, a unifying tool, serves as an introduction in education, as a means of communication at the national level, as a means of development of culture, science, and technology.
TABOO WORDS FOUND IN CRANK 2: HIGH VOLTAGE
Authors: Bayu Miarta Dewa Ngakan Putu , Muliana I Nyoman , Mahayana I Made Astu
Published: November 2019

Taboo words are a proscription of behaviour which affects people’s social life. The words and expressions classified as taboo are commonly used to describe sex, our bodies and their functions, and also to insult other people. This article analyzes the kinds and the functions of taboo words found in Crank 2: High Voltage movie. The method used in this research is qualitative research. To analyze the problems of this research, it is applied the theory of taboo words by Jay and the functions of taboo by Wardaugh. From the analysis, it is found seven kinds of taboo word occurred in the movie. They are profanity, obscenity, vulgarity, slang, epithets, insult and slurs, and scatology. Furthermore, the function analysis found in this research includes: to draw attention to oneself, to show contempt, to be provocative, and to mock authority.
Распознавание образов в задачах оценки сейсмической опасности
Authors: Кособоков В. Г. , Соловьев А. А.
Published: November 2019

Статья посвящена некоторым аспектам применения алгоритмов распознавания образов при решении задач определения мест возможного возникновения сильных землетрясений, что может быть использовано для оценки сейсмической опасности. Приведены основные принципы имеющего многолетнюю историю подхода к распознаванию мест сильных землетрясений (РМСЗ) рассматриваемого региона на базе схемы его морфоструктурного районирования с применением алгоритмов «Кора-3» и «Хемминг». Дан обзор полученных в этом направлении результатов и работ по разработке новых алгоритмов, основанных, в частности, на дискретном математическом анализе. Отмечено использование подходов распознавания образов для создания алгоритмов среднесрочного прогноза землетрясений, с помощью которых может быть получена оперативная оценка сейсмической опасности. Рассмотрено применение Общего закона подобия для землетрясений для оценки сейсмической опасности и рисков с учетом результатов РМСЗ. Приведен обзор результатов РМСЗ и оценки сейсмической опасности и рисков для региона Кавказа.