bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intense intestinal carriage and subsequent acquisition of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria in neonatal intensive care unit in Morocco
Authors: Arhoune Btissam , El Fakir Samira , Himri Sara , Moutaouakkil Kaoutar , El Hassouni Salma , Benboubker Moussa , Hmami Fouzia , Oumokhtar Bouchra
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted in order to know the colonization rate of MDR enterobacteria in neonates during their hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Furthermore, we investigated risk factors for potential colonization and molecular epidemiology of isolated resistant bacteria. This prospective study was carried out in the neonatology and intensive care unit department of the University Hospital of Fez (Morocco) from February 2013 to July 2015. All consecutive admitted newborns were screened for intestinal and nasal carriage of MDR enterobacteria at admission of the babies and during the hospitalization. During the study period, a total of 641 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominated bacteria. Bacterial identification and antibiograms were performed according to the international standards. On admission, 455 newborns were screened. A median age of these newborns was 1 day with an extended 147 days and their average weight was 2612 ± 1023 grams. 22.4% of neonates were found colonized by an ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), 8.7% by a carbapenemases producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). During hospitalization, 207 of newborns were included in the acquisition study. 59.4% of newborns acquired an ESBL-E during their stay, 12.5% has acquired CPE. The blaCTXM-15 gene was the most frequently detected (81.2%) among ESBL-E. While, all CPE has expressed the blaOXA-48 gene exclusively. Two risk factors have been significantly associated with MDR enterobacteria colonization at admission which are newborns admission from maternity of the university hospital (95% CI, 1.859–5.129, P = 0.000) and neurological distress (95% CI, 1.038 to 4.694, P = 0.040). During hospitalization, the none risk factor was significantly associated with the carriage of MDR-E. The high rate of colonization, the MDR enterobacteria and the resistance genes found represent good indicator of cross-transmission in the NICU. An active strategy to control the spread of MDR enterobacteria should be applied.
Streetonomics: Quantifying culture using street names
Authors: Bancilhon Melanie , Constantinides Marios , Bogucka Edyta Paulina , Aiello Luca Maria , Quercia Daniele
Published: June 2021

Quantifying a society’s value system is important because it suggests what people deeply care about—it reflects who they actually are and, more importantly, who they will like to be. This cultural quantification has been typically done by studying literary production. However, a society’s value system might well be implicitly quantified based on the decisions that people took in the past and that were mediated by what they care about. It turns out that one class of these decisions is visible in ordinary settings: it is visiblein street names. We studied the names of 4,932 honorific streets in the cities of Paris, Vienna, London and New York. We chose these four cities because they were important centers of cultural influence for the Western world in the 20thcentury. We found that street names greatly reflect the extent to which a society is gender biased, which professions are considered elite ones, and the extent to which a city is influenced by the rest of the world. This way of quantifying a society’s value system promises to inform new methodologies in Digital Humanities; makes it possible for municipalities to reflect on their past to inform their future; and informs the design of everyday’s educational tools that promote historical awareness in a playful way.
Discovering the opposite shore: How did hominins cross sea straits?
Authors: Hölzchen Ericson , Hertler Christine , Mateos Ana , Rodríguez Jesús , Berndt Jan Ole , Timm Ingo J.
Published: June 2021

Understanding hominin expansions requires the comprehension of movement processes at different scales. In many models of hominin expansion these processes are viewed as being determined by large-scale effects, such as changes in climate and vegetation spanning continents and thousands or even millions of years. However, these large-scale patterns of expansions also need to be considered as possibly resulting from the accumulation of small-scale decisions of individual hominins. Moving on a continental scale may for instance involve crossing a water barrier. We present a generalized agent-based model for simulating the crossing of a water barrier where the agents represent the hominin individuals. The model can be configured to represent a variety of movement modes across water. Here, we compare four different behavioral scenarios in conjunction with a set of water barrier configurations, in which agents move in water by either paddling, drifting, swimming or rafting. We introduce thecrossing-success-rate(CSR) to quantify the performance in water crossing. Our study suggests that more focus should be directed towards the exploration of behavioral models for hominins, as directionality may be a more powerful factor for crossing a barrier than environmental opportunities alone. A prerequisite for this is to perceive the opposite shore. Furthermore, to provide a comprehensive understanding of hominin expansions, the CSR allows for the integration of results obtained from small-scale simulations into large-scale models for hominin expansion.
Is there a moderate range of impact of financialization on corporate R&D?
Authors: Li Zhenghui , Wang Yan
Published: June 2021

How to promote corporate research and development is a particularly important issue under the background of the economy being diverted out of the real economy. By selecting samples of 1221 Chinese A-share non-financial listed companies from 2010 to 2019, this paper examines the impact of financialization on research and development through the panel threshold regression model. Then, the moderate range of the impact of financialization on corporate research and development is measured, as well as their heterogeneity is also analyzed. The research shows the following results: first, there is a dynamic relationship and moderate range between financialization and corporate research and development. Financialization has a positive effect on corporate research and development when the level of financialization exceeds 0.4748. Secondly, from further heterogeneous research, financialization has a threshold effect on research and development among enterprises with a high level of research and development. In addition, there is a promoting effect on corporate research and development only when their financialization level exceeds 0.0097 in enterprises with a high level of research and development. Therefore, in order to promote corporate research and development, financialization of non-financial enterprises should make adjustment and regulation according to the action and direction of moderate range.
Risk of adverse events in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Zero-inflated Poisson regression mixture model for count data and multinomial logit model for the type of event
Authors: Gemma Marco , Pennoni Fulvia , Tritto Roberta , Agostoni Massimo
Published: June 2021

Background and aims

We analyze the possible predictive variables for Adverse Events (AEs) during sedation for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy.

Methods

We consider 23,788 GI endoscopies under sedation on adults between 2012 and 2019. A Zero-Inflated Poisson Regression Mixture (ZIPRM) model for count data with concomitant variables is applied, accounting for unobserved heterogeneity and evaluating the risks of multi-drug sedation. A multinomial logit model is also estimated to evaluate cardiovascular, respiratory, hemorrhagic, other AEs and stopping the procedure risk factors.

Results

In 7.55% of cases, one or more AEs occurred, most frequently cardiovascular (3.26%) or respiratory (2.77%). Our ZIPRM model identifies one population for non-zero counts. The AE-group reveals that age >75 years yields 46% more AEs than age <66 years; Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥27 27% more AEs than BMI <21; emergency 11% more AEs than routine. Any one-point increment in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and the Mallampati score determines respectively a 42% and a 16% increment in AEs; every hour prolonging endoscopy increases AEs by 41%.

Regarding sedation with propofol alone (the sedative of choice), adding opioids to propofol increases AEs by 43% and adding benzodiazepines by 51%.

Cardiovascular AEs are increased by age, ASA score, smoke, in-hospital, procedure duration, midazolam/fentanyl associated with propofol.

Respiratory AEs are increased by BMI, ASA and Mallampati scores, emergency, in-hospital, procedure duration, midazolam/fentanyl associated with propofol.

Hemorrhagic AEs are increased by age, in-hospital, procedure duration, midazolam/fentanyl associated with propofol.

The risk of suspension of the endoscopic procedure before accomplishment is increased by female gender, ASA and Mallampati scores, and in-hospital, and it is reduced by emergency and procedure duration.

Conclusions

Age, BMI, ASA score, Mallampati score, in-hospital, procedure duration, other sedatives with propofol increase the risk for AEs during sedation for GI endoscopy.
How outcomes are measured after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Massicotte Sara , Lun Ronda , Yogendrakumar Vignan , Dewar Brian , Chung Hee Sahng , Konder Ricarda , Yim Holly , Davis Alexandra , Fergusson Dean , Shamy Michel , Dowlatshahi Dar
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose

Recovery after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is often slower than ischemic stroke. Despite this, ICH research often quantifies recovery using the same outcome measures obtained at the same timepoints as ischemic stroke. The primary objective of this scoping review is to map the existing literature to determine when and how outcomes are being measured in prospective studies of recovery after ICH.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science from inception to November 2019, for prospective studies that included patients with ICH. Two investigators independently screened the studies and extracted data around timing and type of outcome assessment.

Results

Among the 9761 manuscripts reviewed, 395 met inclusion criteria, of which 276 were observational studies and 129 were interventional studies that enrolled 66274 patients. Mortality was assessed in 93% of studies. Functional outcomes were assessed in 85% of studies. The most frequently used functional assessment tool was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (60%), followed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Severity Scale (22%) and Barthel Index (21%). The most frequent timepoint at which mortality was assessed was 90 days (41%), followed by 180 days (18%) and 365 days (12%), with 2% beyond 1 year. The most frequent timepoint used for assessing mRS was 90 days (62%), followed by 180 days (21%) and 365 days (17%).

Conclusion

While most prospective ICH studies report mortality and functional outcomes only at 90 days, a significant proportion do so at 1 year and beyond. Our results support the feasibility of collecting long-term outcome data to optimally assess recovery in ICH.
Pedestrianismo, festivais de caminhadas e turismo de natureza. O exemplo do Pampilhosa da Serra Walking Weekend
Authors: Tomás Paulo Manuel Carvalho , Alves Luiz
Published: June 2021

No âmbito das atividades de lazer e turismo de natureza, o pedestrianismo apresenta-se como uma das principais práticas por todo o Mundo, com uma grande popularidade e em crescimento – como exemplo, recordar que só os Alpes registam cerca de 10 milhões de pedestrianistas/ano –, contribuindo para o efeito, o facto de ser uma atividade de baixo custo para o praticante, pouco exigente em termos físicos, podendo ser praticada por um largo espectro social e geracional, permitindo um contacto intenso com os territórios e a vivência de experiências de grande valor simbólico. Os festivais de caminhadas encontram-se entre as formas de valorização dos percursos pedestres, contribuindo para a animação da estrutura económica local, promoção territorial e dos seus recursos ecoculturais, redução do efeito de sazonalidade e aumento da interação entre turistas e residentes. Inseridos em programas estruturados, com dois ou mais dias de atividades contínuas e imersivas nos territórios, têm apresentado um crescimento ao longo dos últimos anos, como é o caso do Pampilhosa da Serra Walking Weekend, um dos eventos nacionais de maior escala e com mais edições contínuas em Portugal, ao qual dedicamos esta análise exploratória.
A exposição a inundação das escolas e seus efeitos sobre o tempo de leccionação – Caso da cidade de Maputo / Moçambique
Authors: Bernardo Bernardino José , Dgedge Gustavo Sobrinho , Nhambire Elisa Eda
Published: June 2021

As escolas constituem infraestruturas fundamentais para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O tempo de leccionação é determinante para o bom sucesso deste processo. A sua durabilidade depende também das características naturais do local onde a escola está implantada. O presente trabalho sobre a exposição a inundação das escolas, mostra como é que este processo influencia no tempo de leccionação. O mesmo foi elaborado com o objectivo de identificar as escolas localizadas em áreas inundáveis, calcular o tempo de duração da inundação e mostrar como é que este processo influencia na durabilidade do processo de leccionação. Para a sua consecução, recorreu-se a revisão documental, as entrevistas, a análise e interpretação de imagens de satélite e de cartas topográficas, a análise e representação cartográfica assim como a análise dos dados pluviométricos. O trabalho conclui que quando as escolas e as vias de acesso   localizadas em áreas deprimidas ficam inundadas, o período de leccionação é interrompido por num espaço temporal  superior a uma semana, facto que contribui negativamente para o sucesso do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, tendo sido, por isso, sugerido que sejam realizados estudos hidrogeomorfológicos e educação ambiental antes da construção das escolas, de modo a reduzir a sua exposição as inundações.

Palavras – chave: inundação, tempo lectivo, riscos hidrogeomorfologicos.
Prevalence, resistance to antimicrobials, and antibiotypes of Arcobacter species recovered from retail meat in Wasit marketplaces in Iraq
Authors: Kanaan Manal H. G.
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: Arcobacter is a food-borne pathogen associated with human and animal infections. In Iraq, these infections and their adverse effects on public health have not been well investigated. For this reason, as well as to submit data on the resistance to antimicrobials and antibiotypes of the Arcobacter spp. and their occurrence in retail meat in the Wasit marketplaces, this study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods: A total of 83 samples of fresh raw (n=35) and chilled meat (n=48) were purchased randomly from marketplaces in various regions of the Wasit Governorate. Bacterial detection was conducted using cultural methods, biochemical analysis, and the Oxoid Biomedical Identification System Campy. Confirmation of these bacteria at the species level was performed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. Susceptibility of the Arcobacter spp. to antimicrobials was investigated in 11 isolates comprising Arcobacter butzleri (n=9) and Arcobacter cryaerophilus (n=2) using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method.

Results: A total of 32 (38.6%) of the 83 fresh raw and chilled meat samples tested positive for Arcobacter spp.; of those, 27 (84.4%) and 5 (15.6%) were recognized as A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus, respectively. Maximum resistance was perceived, respectively, to tetracycline, erythromycin, and ampicillin (90.9%, 81.8%, and 81.8%, respectively). In contrast, a low resistance rate against fluoroquinolones up to 9.09% was found. Antibiograms of the A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus isolates yielded ten antibiotypes. The vast majority of the isolates (90.91%) were resistant to no fewer than three classes of antimicrobials, and 27.3% of these showed resistance to six antibiotics. A total of 91% of the analyzed isolates had a multiple antibiotic resistance index score between 0.27 and 0.73.

Conclusion: Our outcomes demonstrated that retail meat can be a prospective vehicle for pathogenic Arcobacter, making these products a possible risk to human health. Our outcomes postulate that the contamination of retail meats by pathogenic Arcobacter is a global public health concern, particularly with the growing resistance to life-saving drugs, and emphasizes consumer understanding about the quality and safety of these products. To achieve healthy food products, good management practices, and successful control approaches must be implemented across the entire food chain, not only to protect consumers from these contaminants but also to minimize the risk of drug resistance.
Different reproduction codes as a cause of institutional discrimination against certain milieus of migrant children
Authors: May Michael
Published: June 2021

Racism is often attributed to prejudice. Pedagogical approaches thus seek to tackle such prejudices or stereotypes. In contrast, the concept of institutional discrimination relies on the thesis that racism is not limited to prejudices and cannot therefore be overcome by concepts of interculturality and diversity. The objective is to show that the concept and its systems-theoretical and empirically substantiated further development by Gomolla and Radtke (2009), which has significantly influenced the discussion in Germany, does not take different modes of learning related to specific ways of life into consideration to a sufficient extent. To this end, the theory of reproduction codes, which is considered to offer a wider range of explanations than prominent habitus theories, but is as yet little known, are used to discuss an alternative interpretation of Gomolla and Radtke’s (2009) empirical findings, also due to the fact that, in contrast to Luhmann’s theory, it develops a dialectical-materialistic concept of code. This then enables the development of perspectives with regard to a non-exclusionary community.
Bowing down and standing up: Towards a pedagogy of cultural humility
Authors: Habashy Noel , Cruz Laura
Published: June 2021

Cultural humility is a critical skill for effective intercultural interactions. While common in other scholarly fields, the concept is seldom found in the literature of global learning and international education. Utilizing grounded theory, this study explores the development of cultural humility through qualitative data analysis of in-class assignments and reflection journals from a university course in the United States (n=18). Throughout the semester students worked in teams to write grant proposals for agricultural development projects in Kenya. Examining student work and reflections sheds light on differing avenues of global learning, which has traditionally prioritized international travel as the core means of learning. This article proposes a pedagogy of cultural humility to promote global learning through a variety of educational interventions. Prioritizing cultural humility can yield enhanced respect for others, providing a focus on lifelong learning, more meaningful global understanding and more fruitful intercultural relationships. In an increasingly interconnected globe, cultural humility offers a meaningful framework to support substantive interactions between individuals across the globe or down the street.
Feeling global belonging: Sensorial experiences in global education
Authors: Le Bourdon Madeleine
Published: June 2021

Global citizenship education (GCE) seeks to develop critical thinking and self-reflexivity and, crucially, to create feelings of belonging to a common humanity. Although the subjectivity of belonging has been widely recognized, gaps remain around the micro-level experiences and practices that foster global identities. This article addresses these questions through the analysis of the individual’s lived experience on an international GCE programme. It will be argued that global belonging is a transformative process of self-identity, shaped primarily through shared sensorial experience where the unfamiliar becomes familiar. The senses here help to create new personal and shared norms building trust, bonds and belonging between individuals from different backgrounds. Thus, in order to understand the journey towards feelings of global belonging, we must look to the senses as key sites of transformation.
DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO DA EXECUÇÃO DA DESPESA ORÇAMENTÁRIA E SEU EFEITO NO GASTO MUNICIPAL
Authors: Dos Santos Dinah Vieira , Costa Patrícia de Souza , De Azevedo Ricardo Rocha
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o efeito da descentralização de compras no gasto municipal, pela lente teórica da Teoria da Escolha Pública.Método: A análise foi desenvolvida por meio de regressão quantílica realizada com dados obtidospor um questionário eletrônico, analisados em conjunto com dados de prefeituras de 2013 a 2018, considerando-se gastos com diferentes pressões e vinculações orçamentárias.Resultados: Os resultados indicam que, para as áreas com vinculações suficientes, a descentralização diminuição o gasto; para áreas com vinculações insuficientes e alta pressão social, apresentou resultado inverso, de aumento, sendo nulo o efeito para área sem vinculações e baixa pressão. Pela lente teórica adotada, as decisões no setor público não seguem necessariamente uma lógica de bem-estar, massão influenciadas por outros elementos, como o autointeresse dos atores. Porém, sua decisão nãodepende exclusivamente dos aspectos individuais, podendo ser influenciada também por aspectosorganizacionais, como a descentralização da execução da despesa orçamentáriaContribuições: Os resultados trazem três contribuições. Primeiro, ao discutir o efeito de práticas que estão em uso nos governos, muitas vezes de forma automática, permite gerar maior reflexão sobre as decisões da organização dessas práticas. Segundo, chama a atenção para os efeitos causados pela vinculação orçamentária, que devem ser considerados pelas pesquisas, dadas as especificidades de cada vinculação. Terceiro, mesmo tendo autonomia sobre as compras, os gestores de unidadesdescentralizadas tendem a buscar eficiência apenas quando os recursos destinados às suas áreas são suficientes. Assim, a pesquisa propõe a existência de um efeito organizacional moderador na busca pela maximização.
Educação especial em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Zuin Luiz Fernando , Costa Maria da Piedade Resende da
Published: June 2021

No ano de 2020, o país foi surpreendido pela emergência de um novo vírus, denominado SARS-Cov-2, conhecido como Covid-19. Já em março de 2020, foi recomendado o isolamento social, para combater efetivamente a Covid-19 e preservar vidas. Ademais, as escolas brasileiras foram fechadas e, a partir daí, surgiu a proposta de uma educação remota emergencial. Frente ao exposto, este texto tem como objetivo apresentar as percepções dos familiares de uma escola de educação especial, localizada no interior de São Paulo, em que são destacadas as facilidades, desafios e possibilidades na realização das atividades escolares não presenciais com o aluno. Com este intento, como ferramenta de coleta de dados, foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com o responsável que auxilia o aluno no momento da realização das práticas. Para analisar os resultados, fundamentou-se na noção de análise de conteúdo, descrita por Bardin (2011). Desse modo, os resultados apontaram que o ensino remoto atende às expectativas das famílias, e o acesso às atividades escolares foi garantido aos alunos. Apontam, ainda, que a equipe pedagógica escolar ofertou suporte necessário às famílias. No entanto, os dados também revelam que os familiares se sentiram cansados e exaustos com essa nova rotina de cuidado integral do filho.
Reflexiones sobre la cuestión agraria y la configuración territorial del medio rural en Cuba desde la colonia hasta el año 2020
Authors: Márquez Rider Hernández , Sousa Roberto González
Published: June 2021

La cuestión agraria y su incidencia en la configuración que asume el espacio rural cubano es resultado de la combinación desigual en el territorio de las estructuras, los procesos y las contradicciones internas en cada formación económica y social concreta, así como externas, muchas de ellas internalizadas en su conflictividad, y resultado de su integración al devenir histórico del capitalismo mundial y de las economías que transitan al socialismo con rasgos diferenciadores en cada una de ellas. La etapa colonial estuvo matizada por el saqueo de minerales preciosos, exterminio de la población aborigen, esclavitud, auge de la industria azucarera y poblamiento hacia el Occidente del país; una segunda denominada neocolonial por su dependencia de los Estados Unidos, caracterizada por los latifundios, desigualdades sociales, pobreza rural entre otros; una etapa revolucionaria donde se instaura el socialismo con predominio de la propiedad estatal, se atienden los desequilibrios territoriales con las políticas agrarias como referente económico en la construcción de la sociedad socialista, la configuración territorial y la conflictividad del campo cubano, revelándose la ausencia de respuestas relacionadas con el papel del campesino privado, el cooperativista, del obrero agrícola, figuras clave del desarrollo de la producción agropecuaria y la seguridad alimentaria, la incertidumbre entre normas jurídicas que se promueven y que no dan garantía de la realización de la propiedad. Estas cuestiones se analizan en el artículo como parte de una investigación en curso de las dinámicas socioeconómicas en los espacios rurales del Oriente cubano en lo que va del siglo XXI.
Quando uma dose de veneno vale mais do que uma vida
Authors: Vilela de Oliveira Márcio , Rozendo Cimone , Vaz de Moura Joana Tereza
Published: June 2021

Este estudo investigou o agravamento do contexto de vulnerabilidade socioambiental dos trabalhadores pulverizadores de agrotóxicos no município de Vera Cruz-RN. A partir da década de 1990, o modelo produtivo agrícola intensificou o uso de agrotóxicos no município gerando condições de vida e trabalho degradantes além de favorecer a comercialização indiscriminada destes produtos. Neste artigo, examinou-se esse processo à luz da concepção de desenvolvimento de Amartya Sen (2010), em especial sua abordagem das capacidades, tendo como foco às condições socioeconômicas, de saúde, de trabalho e as motivações que orientaram a “escolha” dos indivíduos por essa função. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas com 14 pulverizadores. Os resultados mostraram que estes estão submetidos à condições laborais precárias: total informalidade, exposição sistemática a quantidades e diversidade de agrotóxicos, inclusive de alta toxicidade, sem qualquer forma de controle e cuidado, baixa remuneração e ausência de proteção social. Contudo, a pulverização tem rendas melhores quando comparadas às demais funções agrícolas. Por isso, as condições de precariedade são muitas vezes negadas pelos próprios trabalhadores que temem a perda de suas ocupações. Segundo Sen, essas condições impedem os indivíduos de desempenhar suas capacidades e seu papel de agente, a medida que limitam suas escolhas e privam suas liberdades instrumentais, impossibilitando-os de melhorar sua qualidade de vida. Na ótica socioambiental ampliaram-se as vulnerabilidades, alterando as condições naturais e de saúde do trabalhador. Por fim, não foi identificado qualquer atuação do poder público para coibir a comercialização clandestina dos agrotóxicos comprados facilmente nos estabelecimentos locais.
A construção da barragem de Lajeado no rio Tocantins e o Programa de Compensação Ambiental Xerente
Authors: Venâncio Marcelo , Chelotti Marcelo Cervo
Published: June 2021

O objetivo desse texto é discutir os impactos da Usina Hidrelétrica de Lajeado sobre o povo Akwẽ-Xerente e como o Programa de Compensação Ambiental Xerente (Procambix) aprofundou ainda mais os problemas trazidos pela referida usina. A barragem de Lajeado entrou em funcionamento no ano de 2002, trazendo inúmeros efeitos negativos aos Akwẽ-Xerente, principalmente no que se refere à alimentação, pois a alteração do fluxo do rio se refletiu negativamente na qualidade e quantidade de roças de várzeas e, também, na quantidade de peixes e outros alimentos disponíveis. Por estar à jusante da barragem, esse povo não foi, a priori, considerado atingido, ficando, dessa maneira, às margens do processo de negociação com a empresa construtora. Mas, a partir de muita luta e com o auxílio do Ministério Público Federal, os Akwẽ foram reconhecidos como atingidos. Assim, o Programa de Compensação Ambiental Xerente (Procambix) foi uma medida compensatória com o objetivo de amenizar as perdas sofridas por esse povo. Só que, o Procambix não diminuiu tais impactos. Pelo contrário, aprofundou ainda mais a precarização do território, pois foi implantado de fora para dentro e não consideraram as especificidades culturais desse povo. O texto está assentado em uma revisão bibliográfica referente à temática proposta, revisão esta que dialogou com as entrevistas feitas com os Akwẽ-Xerente que participaram da implantação do Procambix.
La reproducción de las desigualdades en las trayectorias de movilidad social intergeneracional de los jóvenes marroquíes en España
Authors: Laíz Moreira Sofía
Published: June 2021

Este artículo presenta los principales resultados de una investigación realizada entre los años 2011 y 2015 y cuyo objetivo fue el de analizar las estrategias de movilidad social intergeneracional de las familias marroquíes vinculadas a tres perfiles concretos de jóvenes migrantes: los jóvenes de segundas generaciones, los reagrupados y los jóvenes llegados como menores no acompañados. Todos ellos, inmigrados en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia, en España, a principios del presente siglo.

Una metodología fundamentalmente etnográfica y de carácter multi-situado guió un extenso trabajo de campo realizado con diez familias migrantes cuyos miembros residían en ocasiones dispersos entre Galicia y la provincia de Beni Mellal, en Marruecos. Las mediciones de cambios en las categorías educativas y ocupacionales se realizaron teniendo en cuenta aquellas de los padres y las de los descendientes, es decir, entre generaciones.

Los resultados mostraron unas trayectorias educativas ascendentes entre las generaciones, pero unos resultados poco alentadores en la inserción laboral de los descendientes, pues éstos reproducían las condiciones de precariedad y fragilidad laboral de los padres, insertados en su mayoría en el sector informal de la economía local.
La brecha africana: desigualdad laboral de la inmigración marroquí y subsahariana en España, 2000-2018
Authors: Gastón-Guiu Silvia , Treviño Rocío , Domingo Andreu
Published: June 2021

La mejora del mercado laboral a partir de 2014 ha sido más lenta para la inmigración africana, ampliando la brecha entre éstos y otros inmigrantes, así como con la población nativa española, especialmente entre las mujeres. Se parte de tres preguntas: si la desventaja laboral se debe a las diferencias en nivel de instrucción; 2) si obedece a la concentración de éstos en nichos laborales de baja cualificación; y, 3) específica para las mujeres, si la incorporación al mercado de trabajo de las adultas africanas responde a un cambio de patrón generacional modificando su relación de género tradicional con el mercado laboral. Ni el nivel de instrucción ni la segregación ocupacional son suficientes para explicar la desventaja de la población africana en el mercado laboral, particularmente frente al paro y a la precariedad laboral, y especialmente entre las mujeres. Estas conclusiones nos remiten a otras razones extrademográficas que tienen que ver con el efecto neto del origen apuntando procesos de discriminación.
Toward a Liberated Learning Spirit
Authors: Pipe Laura May , Stephens Jennifer T
Published: June 2021

Despite the popularity of social justice frameworks, today’s polarized socio-political environments call for a justice-forward approach where educators blend equity and culturally-responsive pedagogies with experiential approaches to learning. The TALLS (Toward a Liberated Learning Spirit) model for developing critical consciousness infuses established equity practices with indigenous approaches to learning and Martin Luther King Jr.’s Six Steps for Nonviolent Social Change. By re-engaging curiosities, TALLS guides learners from academic detachment through an unlearning process toward embodied liberation. Readers will be invited to disrupt common misconceptions that reproduce postcolonial paradigms to foster learner development of critical consciousness.
Human versus computer vision in archaeological recording
Authors: Sapirstein Philip
Published: June 2021

As 3D scanning and photogrammetry are supplanting traditional illustration techniques with increasing speed, archaeologists and architectural historians have sounded alarms about what stands to be lost if hand drawing is altogether eliminated from fieldwork. This paper argues that the most direct threat is to a particular form of archaeological illustration which does not necessarily share the advantages attributed to other kinds of drawing. Recording by means of “technical drawing” communicates a collectively agreed interpretation of the ancient record, and its primary benefit is not stimulating creative thought but rather enhancing human observation. A review of two cases comparing the illustration of ancient Greek architecture through analogue and digital methods indicates that, in practice, both approaches draw attention away from the ancient subject and focus it on distracting protocols for the great majority of the time spent in the field. Even so, technical drawing requires protracted, in-person scrutiny of the subject, whereas 3D technologies pose a genuine risk of altogether eliminating meaningful human interpretation from the recording process. The greater efficiencies of digital techniques suggest a path forward, as time once allocated to tedious stages of technical drawing might be applied toward more thoughtful interpretive tasks. However, such measures must be deliberately integrated into a digital research program through planning around the very different cadences of the digital process.
HAVACILIKTA NİTELİKLİ İNSAN KAYNAĞI YETİŞTİRME SORUNUNUN ÜNİVERSİTELERDEKİ SİVİL HAVA ULAŞTIRMA İŞLETMECİLİĞİ VE HAVACILIK YÖNETİMİ BÖLÜMLERİNDE GÖREV ALAN AKADEMİK KADROLARIN NİTELİĞİ-NİCELİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: BİLKAY Sibel
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı havacılıkta nitelikli insan kaynağı yetiştirme sorunsalının, Türkiye’deki Meslek Yüksekokullarında bulunan Sivil Hava Ulaştırma İşletmeciliği ile Yüksekokul/Enstitülerdeki Havacılık Yönetimi bölümlerinde görev alan akademik kadroların niteliği-niceliği bağlamında değerlendirilmesidir. Bu değerlendirmeyi yapabilmek için, Türkiye’de açılmış olan bu bölümlere sahip 42 üniversitenin akademik kadrosu araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi burada görev alan akademisyenlerin kendisidir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızda bu bölüm mezunlarının sektörel ihtiyacı karşılayacak nitelikte eğitimi alıp almadıklarını onlara eğitim veren akademisyenlerin nicel ve nitel özellikleri bağlamında değerlendirilmektedir.
İÇGÜDÜSEL SATIN ALMAYA TÜKETİCİ YENİLİKÇİLİĞİ, ÜRÜN İLGİLENİMİ VE ALGILANAN RİSKİN ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZOĞLU Buket , BÜLBÜL Hasan
Published: June 2021

Tüketiciler satın aldıkları ürünlerden sadece fonksiyonel fayda sağlamanın ötesinde haz ve keyif almayı, kendilerini ifade edebilmeyi, sosyal statülerini gösterebilmeyi de beklemektedirler. Değişen bu beklentiler nedeniyle içgüdüsel satın alma her geçen gün hem uygulayıcılar hem de araştırmacılar için daha önemli hale gelmektedir. İçgüdüsel satın almaya etki eden pek çok faktör bulunmasına rağmen, bu çalışmaya konu olan faktörlerin belirlenmesinde literatürde tartışmalı olan ya da kısıtlı çalışma ile araştırılmış faktörler dikkate alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; içgüdüsel satın almaya tüketici yenilikçiliği, tüketicinin ürün ilgilenimi ve algılanan risk faktörlerinin etkisinin giyim ve teknoloji ürün kategorilerinde belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada veri, literatürden faydalanarak hazırlanan soru formu aracılığıyla ve yüz yüze anket yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. 870 adet kullanılabilir anket verisinin analizleri neticesinde; içgüdüsel satın almaya etki eden faktörler giyim ve teknoloji ürünlerinin her ikisinde benzer sonuçlar vermiştir. Yine, giyim ve teknoloji ürünlerinin her ikisi için de tüketici yenilikçiliği ile genel içgüdüsel satın alma eğilimi arasındaki ilişkide ürün ilgilenimi aracılık etkisi göstermektedir.
Employee involvement, job satisfaction, and in-role performance
Authors: Wijaya Nikodemus Hans Setiadi , Haryokusumo Diaz , Akbar Muhammad Dian
Published: June 2021

This study examines the relations among employee involvement, job satisfaction, and in-role performance. Job satisfaction is posited as a mediator. A total of 102 respondents filled out a self-administrated survey. The hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the direct influence hypotheses. To carry out the mediation test, the procedures proposed by Baron and Kenny and the Sobel Test to strengthen were both used. It was found that the influence of employee involvement variables was positive on job satisfaction and in-role performance. Results also showed a positive of job satisfaction on in-role performance. Job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between employee involvement and in-role performance.  Implications of the findings, implications, and limitations are discussed.
Purchase intention toward sustainable fashion brand: analysis on the effect of customer awareness on sustainability on willingness to pay
Authors: Wijaya Siauw Gabriella Tiffany , Paramita Eristia Lidia
Published: June 2021

Customer awareness of sustainable products has increased very rapidly during the last few years. This phenomenon has encouraged international fast-fashion brands to develop a new line which is a more sustainable line. This paper aims to examine the effect of customer awareness on sustainability and willingness to pay on purchase intention toward sustainable fashion brands. This study obtained 211 respondents with the sampling method of purposive sampling with the criteria as follow: (1) Men and women who are Indonesians, (2) Men and women who enjoyed clothes-shopping at international fast-fashion brands stores, also (3) Men and women who aged 15 – 36 years old. Multiple regressions were used as a method to conduct hypotheses test of this study. The findings of this study stated that sustainability movement awareness and willingness to pay contributes a positive and significant effect towards the purchase intention of Indonesian customers. Furthermore, this study has found that the Indonesian market is already very aware of the sustainability movement and the concerns toward environmental health.
The implementation of nutrition improvement programs for underweight children, wasting and stunting in the Department of Health, Central Buton district, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Wulandari Nur , Margawati Ani , Rahfiludin Zen
Published: June 2021

Background: Health status can affect the Human Development Index (HDI) of a country. To improve the quality of human resources, the Indonesian Government has applied various policies, such as the nutrition improvement program, since there are still lots of toddlers suffering from underweight, wasting dan stunting. Even one out of three toddlers in Indonesia were detected stunting.Objectives: This study described the implementation of a nutrition improvement program for toddlers in the Central Buton District Health Office.Materials and Method: This was a qualitative study that involved ten informants. Three of those informants are nutritionists in the District Health Office, Head of Public Health Department, Head of NutritionDepartement. Also, two nutrition workers in primary healthcare centers and two mothers of malnourished toddlers.Results: These findings showed that in terms of input, trained human resources on nutrition were lacking, and the budget for the nutrition improvement program was inadequate. While, in the process, all implementors had done very well, although they still had no collaboration across sectors. In the output aspect, the health status of underweight, wasting, and stunting toddlers improved. Also, monitoring and evaluation were conducted on toddlers registered at the integrated service posts in 2018.Conclusions: There were still constraints on the input, process, and output aspects, even though there was an increase in the nutritional status of children under five, but nutrition problems for children under five in Central Buton Regency were still high.
EFEKTIVITAS MADU DAN TABLET Fe SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Damayanti Dini Fitri , Astuti Wahyu , Wati Ellisa , Marsita Elma
Published: June 2021

Background: Anemia is a condition in which the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells are lower than normal values. Women have the highest risk of developing anemia, especially in young women. The prevalence rate of anemia in Indonesia, namely in adolescent women is 26.50%. Anemia in adolescents can decreased concentration of learning, frequent fatigue, drowsiness, lower body resistance, complications in pregnancy and childbirth when a future mother. The government make a policy to overcome the problem of anemia due to iron deficiency by provision of iron supplements. Objectives: Analyze effectiveness of honey and iron supplementation to help increase the levels of hemoglobin in adolescent girl on boarding school Hidayatul Muslim Kubu Raya. Methods: This type of research is experimental pre-test and post-test with control group design. The sample of this study was young women at the Hidayatul Muslimin Islamic Boarding School in Kubu Raya aged 16-19 years, totaling 36 people with exclusion criteria (18 samples of the intervention group and 18 samples of the control group). The sampling technique was purposive sampling and the method of analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Based on the statistic test, there was a significant difference between giving honey with iron supplementation and only iron supplementation to increase hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls (p=0.002).Conclusion: Honey with iron supplementation was effective to helped increase the levels of hemoglobin in adolescent girl on boarding school Hidayatul Muslimin Kubu Raya.
Analisis Determinan Massa Otot Lansia di Panti Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna Kota Pangkalpinang
Authors: Ratmawati Ratmawati , Emilia Emilia
Published: June 2021

Background: The Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia (2019) stated that the percentage of elderly in Indonesia reached 9.60% (25.64 million), in 2017 proportion of elderly (> 60 years) in Bangka Belitung was 6.31% and 6.38% in Pangkalpinang City. The prevalence of sarcopenia of elderly in Indonesia is quite high (40.6%). Sarcopenia is affected by age, gender, nutritional status, physical activity, protein intake, vitamin D, chronic disease, and genetics.Objectives: To analyze the determinant of muscle mass (nutritional status, vitamin D intake, and duration of sun exposure) of elderly at Panti Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna Pangkalpinang City.Methods: The quantitative observational study, with a cross sectional design and conducted at Panti Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna Pangkalpinang City, in 2020. The sample of study was elderly at Panti Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 22 people. Methods of measurement muscle mass used BIA, nutritional status used anthropometry, research questionnaire to determine characteristics of respondents and duration of sun exposure, vitamin D intake by the SQ-FFQ instrument.Results: The average of muscle mass elderly was 35.1 kg with the muscle mass index was 16.7 kg/m2. There were correlated nutritional status, intake of vitamin D, and duration of sun exposure with muscle mass index of elderly (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Multivariate analysis stated that nutritional status can be used to predict the incidence of sarcopenia based on muscle mass index of elderly with correlation was -0.455 and an opposite correlation.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN NATRIUM, LEMAK, GANGGUAN MENTAL EMOSIONAL, DAN GAYA HIDUP DENGAN HIPERTENSI PADA DEWASA DI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Ekaningrum Annisa Yuri
Published: June 2021

Background: Non-communicable disease (NCD) that is still being serious problem in the worldwide and Indonesia is hypertension. DKI Jakarta was one of urban areas with prevalence of hypertension larger than prevalence in Indonesia, that was 34 %. High level of shift of life in urban areas affect unhealthy lifestyle such as eating pattern, physical activity, and mental and emotional health.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sodium and fat intake, mental and emotional disorders, and lifestyle with hypertension in adult in DKI Jakarta.Methods: This study design was cross-sectional and used secondary data that was sourced from Indonesian Food Consumption Survey (SKMI) 2014 and Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013. Subject in this study was respondents aged more than 18 years old who live in DKI Jakarta.Results: Bivariate analysis in this study showed that sodium intake (p=0.531) and fat intake (p=0.323) were not associated with hypertension. Emotional and mental disorders was associated with hypertension (p=0.001). Physical activity and sedentary behavior was not associated with hypertension (p=0.297; p=0.759). Food consumption behavior that was associated with hypertension was consuming salty foods more than once a day (p=0.039). Multivariate analysis results showed that respondents who suffer emotional and mental disorders tend to have a risk 4.095 times higher to suffer hypertension compared with people who not suffer emotional and mental disorders. Conclusion: Factor that is dominant affecting hypertension is mental and emotional disorders. Hypertension patients was suggested to manage stress that triggers to anxiety and depression.