bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zu Bodeninversionen in der unteren Grenzschicht auf der Basis von Messungen am 99-m-Mast in Falkenberg im Vergleich zu Modelldaten (COSMO-DE/D2) 
Authors: Syring Teika , Beyrich Frank
Published: December 2021

Bodeninversionen stellen eine ausgeprägte Form stabiler Schichtung in der atmosphärischen Grenzschicht dar. In einer Studie wurden die Daten von Temperatur-Profilmessungen an Masten im Höhenbereich zwischen 2 m und 98 m über Grund auf dem Grenzschichtmessfeld (GM) Falkenberg aus den Jahren 2001-2020 auf das Auftreten und die Merkmale von Bodeninversionen untersucht. Für den Zeitraum 2016-2020 erfolgte eine detaillierte Analyse der Häufigkeit und Intensität von Bodeninversionen unterschiedlicher Mächtigkeit im Tages- und Jahresgang. Es wurde gezeigt, dass die Häufigkeit von Bodeninversionen in den Wintermonaten höher ist als in den Sommermonaten, wobei in den Wintermonaten flache Inversionen dominieren. Das Auftreten von Bodeninversionen mit einer Mächtigkeit ≥ 98 m wurde für den Gesamtzeitraum 2001-2020 untersucht. Dabei wurde ein leicht positiver, statistisch jedoch nicht signifikanter Trend in Bezug auf die Häufigkeit und Intensität dieser Bodeninversionsklasse gefunden. Die Bodeninversionen mit der größten Intensität traten typischerweise in den Monaten April, Mai und September auf. Für das Jahr 2020 erfolgte ein Vergleich der Merkmale von Bodeninversionen zwischen den Messungen auf dem GM Falkenberg und den Modellergebnissen des NWV-Modells COSMO-D2 für den zugeordneten Gitterpunkt. Dabei zeigte sich eine Überschätzung der Häufigkeit und eine Unterschätzung der Intensität von Bodeninversionen durch das Modell. Die Ergebnisse der statistischen Analyse wurden abschließend den Resultaten einer vergleichbaren Studie vom Hamburger Wettermast gegenübergestellt, wobei sich sowohl methodisch als auch standortbedingte Unterschiede zeigen. Bodeninversionen wurden in Hamburg, verglichen mit dem GM Falkenberg, deutlich seltener beobachtet, was vor allem auf den stärker maritim und urban beeinflussten Standort zurückgeführt wird (gedämpfte Temperatur-Tagesgänge, höheren mittlere Windgeschwindigkeiten, größere Rauhigkeit der Unterlage in der Umgebung des Standortes). 
Die Tücken des „ray tracings“ für Rossbywellen in den mittleren Breiten
Authors: Wirth Volkmar
Published: December 2021

Die Ausbreitung von Rossbywellen längs des Jetstreams in den mittleren Breiten ist ein bekanntes Thema der dynamischen Meteorologie. Es wurde zuletzt speziell im Zusammenhang mit dem Phänomen der „Quasi-Resonanz“ diskutiert, bei dem der Jetstream ein guter Wellenleiter sein muss, damit die Rossbywellen in zonaler Richtung ganz um den Globus geführt werden; dieses Phänomen hätte weitreichende Konsequenzen für das Auftreten von Extremwetter und die zu erwartenden Änderungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Klimawandel.  

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Technik des „ray tracings“ zur Diagnose der Ausbreitung von Rossbywellen. Unter der Annahme, dass sowohl die Wellenlänge klein ist (die sogenannte WBK-Näherung), als auch die Wellenamplitude (Linearisierung), liefert die Theorie des ray tracings das meridionale Profil der stationären Wellenzahl als Schlüsseldiagnostik: ein relatives Maximum bei einer bestimmten geografischen Breite wird dann als zonaler Wellenleiter interpretiert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag zeigt der Autor, dass diese Interpretation in manchen Situationen problematisch ist und zu Fehlinterpretationen führen kann. Der Grund liegt darin, dass in der Praxis die beiden Grundannahmen verletzt sind. Zum Beispiel ist die Annahme der WKB-Näherung oft nicht erfüllt, und dies hat zur Konsequenz, dass ein relatives Maximum der stationären Wellenzahl das tatsächliche Verhalten der Rossbywellenausbreitung nur unzureichend widerspiegelt. Zudem sind in der Praxis die Wellenamplituden manchmal so groß, dass die Annahme von linearer Wellendynamik problematisch ist. Dies ruft Artefakte hervor, die in relevanten Situationen fälschlicherweise einen Wellenleiter vortäuschen, der aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach gar nicht existiert.

In dem Vortrag werden diese beiden Aspekte mit Hilfe von barotropen Modellsimulationen erläutert, und es wird zumindest betreffs des Amplituden-Problems eine Alternative angeboten.
Applying a Random Time Mapping to Mann modelled turbulence for the generation of intermittent wind fields
Authors: Yassin Khaled , Helms Arne , Moreno Daniela , Kassem Hassan , Höning Leo , Lukassen Laura J.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. A new approach to derive a synthetic wind field model which combines spatial correlations from the Mann model and intermittency is introduced. The term intermittency describes the transition from Gaussian to non-Gaussian velocity increment statistics at small scales, where non-Gaussian velocity increment statistics imply a higher probability for extreme values than a Gaussian distribution. The presented new model is named the Time-mapped Mann model. The intermittency is introduced by applying a special random time-mapping procedure to the regular Mann model. The Time-mapping procedure is based on the so-called Continuous-time random walk model. As will be shown, the new Time-mapped Mann field reflects spatial correlations from the Mann model in the plane perpendicular to flow direction and temporal intermittency. In a first wind turbine study, the new Time-mapped Mann field and a regular Mann field are used as inflow to a wind turbine in a Blade Element Momentum simulation. It is shown that the wind field intermittency carries over to the loads of the wind turbine, and, thus, shows the importance of carefully modeling synthetic wind fields.
Commonly Used Outcome Measurement Tools in Pediatric Physical Therapy Telerehabilitation in the Philippines: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Maya Arlene Chiong , Manaloto Therese Daniela , Rimando Christian , Dela Cruz Maria Eliza , Banting Daniel Stephen , Equipaje Alliana Cielo , Ipo Noel Antonio , Ramos Jana Mae Mosi , Rillas Marc Jefferson , Tajan Jaycelle Anne
Published: December 2021

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the adoption of telerehabilitation has rapidly increased to improve access and minimize cross-infection risk to patients. Nevertheless, Filipino pediatric physical therapists (PTs) must ensure that they conduct evidence-based procedures for specific tests and measures to determine patient outcomes. This investigation reported the most common pediatric outcome measurement tools (OMTs) used in telerehabilitation by Filipino pediatric PTs treating 0 to 21-year-olds in the Philippines. Validation and pilot testing of an adapted questionnaire on OMT usage was undertaken before dissemination via email and social media. Pediatric PTs reported that the commonly used OMTs in telerehabilitation are Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) (100%)—including both versions of GMFM-88 and GMFM-66 followed by Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) (30%). These findings support the use of feasible OMTs in pediatric telerehabilitation due to their applicability in the online setting.
Cultivating Positive Youth Development through Latin American Street Soccer Programming
Authors: Huggins Stacy L , Petrilla Caroline M , Matteson Diana , Silva Dorienne J , Mannion Seamus
Published: December 2021

Youth disconnected from their families and communities lack critical community supports, placing them at higher risk of establishing unhealthy behaviors that can lead to poor outcomes, including involvement in juvenile justice systems.  They need assistance to develop essential life skills and family and community connections.  Engaging youth and families, otherwise marginalized by society, in innovative, affordable and effective ways is a global challenge. This paper summarizes the history of the Latin American launched global street soccer movement to promote inclusion and positive development of youth living in vulnerable situations.  It explores the power and potential of street soccer’s holistic and inclusive programming approach as a vehicle for individual transformation and community engagement.  And it examines the evolving integration of the Latin American street soccer methodology in working with youth and families with complex needs, particularly as experienced by the nonprofit service organization Youth Advocate Programs, Inc. (YAP).
Staff Experiences of Stress and Coping in a Residential Treatment Facility for Youth
Authors: Bickle Korri
Published: December 2021

Working in social services tends to be very stressful for workers.  Caregivers are asked to work long hours, complete paperwork and administrative tasks and are responsible for the care and wellbeing of others.  Eleven female Childcare Workers were interviewed to determine what causes them stress at work and how they cope.  Stress was caused by: long hours, no breaks, low wages, unpaid work, poor communication, consistency and training, high expectations of staff, temper tantrums, abuse, and anxiety about meeting resident’s needs.  Workers would like more support from their managersand reported a lack of effective teamwork. Many reported not coping well with the stressors of this job and most reported that they take their work stress home with them.
"Doctor Knows Best"
Authors: Popowicz Dylan Mirek
Published: December 2021

We often consider medical practitioners to be epistemic authorities: “Doctor knows best,” as the saying goes. The place of expert judgment in evidence-based medicine hierarchies, and the crucial role of patient preferences and values in medical decision-making, however, pose problems for making sense of such authority. I argue that there is an account of such medical epistemic authority that does justice to the complexities of the doctor–patient relationship, while maintaining that medical practitioners hold an epistemically privileged position. Such a view can better inform medical practice by clearly illuminating the distinct roles of patients and doctors in decision-making processes.
ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF AN INVESTMENT PROJECT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF SOLAR PANELS IN BUILDINGS OF AN ADMINISTRATIVE QUARTER IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PLATEAU (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)
Authors: Gorbunova M.L. , Kouassi Yao Donatien
Published: December 2021

The use of renewable energy sources is a topical direction in the development of the energy industry in the modern world. However, when investing, choosing the optimal strategy is essential to keep costs down. The goal is to evaluate the efficiency of using solar panels parallel to the electric grid for the plateau municipality, the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire. The objectives of the study in this regard are to determine the strategy to the greatest extent, affecting the reduction of the investment cost when introducing a solar battery project, the calculation of economic indicators that allow us to assess the risks when making decisions to implement the investment. For the assessment, a technique is presented that differs from the existing complex taking into account specific indicators (average annual insolation, efficiency of solar panels, temperature coefficient, price of 1 M ^ 2 solar panels, transportation costs, cost of installation work, depreciation period, maintenance costs, property tax, the cost of training employees. The methodology includes the author’s recommendations, taking into account the specific features of determining the indicators of the annual economic effect, NPV. IRR, DPP for a solar battery project. A comparative analysis of an autonomous SES and operating in parallel with the electric grid. Conclusions: SES in parallel with a network of solar power plants. reduces the cost of the project investment, and also hinders the payback period of the project.
Mempersiapkan Dokumen Lamaran Kerja Dan Wawancara Kerja Bagi Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Hermawan Francisca , Detra Andreas Elang
Published: December 2021

The Training with the topic of Preparing Job Application Documents and Job Interview for Vocational High School Students played important role for the graduated students empowered by Bulir Padi to apply for job and get jobs according to their competencies. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic the training was carried out using zoom application. It was on July, 14, 2020. The training was presented by the team of FEB UAJ. The methods used in the process were lecturing, simulation  and  discussion. The material in the first session was Motivation. Session two was themed with  How To Compose A Professional Curriculum Vitae, and the third session was Tips for Successfully Facing Job Interviews. The evaluation showed  that although the training was in short it fairly succeeded in developing more confidence of the participants to prepare themselves to enter the world of work. This was shown by numerous students who asked questions, gave comments and were engaged during job interview simulation session.
Comparison of Colistin MIC by Microbroth Dilution, E-Test and Vitek-2, in Isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Isolated from Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Var Nazir Ahmad , Wani Nisar Ahmad , Ahmad Syed Khurshid
Published: December 2021

Background: Acinetobacter species are leading cause of nosocomial infections, causing significant morbidity and mortality globally including India. Being persistent in the hospital environment and rapidly developing resistance to a wide variety of antibiotics are the most important features of this pathogen. The present study aimed to compare Colistin MIC of Acinetobacter species isolated from the blood samples by E test and Vitek 2 to the standard broth micro dilution test.
Methodology: Two antibiotic susceptibility test methods, The Vitek-2 and the E test, against the reference broth micro dilution method in terms of the various parameters such as Reproducibility, reliability, cost and time effectiveness. Data obtained from the current study regarding antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter species recovered from clinical specimens referred to microbiology laboratory of SKIMS and was analyzed by using SPSS20.0.
Results: Out of 100 isolates of Acinetobacter species analyzed from blood specimens the distribution of Acinetobacter species according to different clinical diagnosis of patients 89% were A. baumannii and 11% were A. lwoffii. Seventy three percent of them were from males and 27% of them were from females with a mean age of 39.6 (SD±27.46). Regarding the specimen and isolate sources, the majority were from ICU (54%), Surgical ward (26%), Medical ward (16%) and 4% from Outpatient department of SKIMS. Significant descending trends of antimicrobial resistance was shown for Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Cefoperazone/ Sulbactam combination, Cotrimoxazole (100%), Levofloxacin (92%) Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ciprofloxacin (90%), Cephalosporins (>80%), Imipenem and Meropenem (76%), Amikacin (68%), Gentamycin (67%), Tigecycline (11%) and 0% for Colistin respectively.
Conclusion: from the study it could be concluded that the best reference method for testing susceptibility to the Polymyxins still remains to be deﬁned. However, in routine clinical practice in most regions worldwide, where a reference method can hardly be implemented, the interpretation of Colistin susceptibility should preferably be based on results of automated systems such as Vitek-2 or the E test. The micro broth Dilution method remains the most reliable and reproducible, however most tedious and time-consuming method. Colistin remains a very effective, least resisted drug for MDR Acinetobacter species as compared by all the three methods.

Keywords: Acinetobacter species; Antimicrobial resistance; Colistin; E test and Vitek 2.
Law Review a Doctor's Certificate in the Judicial System of Indonesia on the Criminal Acts of Corruption
Authors: Sidi Redyanto , Gunawan Samuel , Dwi Anggara Sopiyan Muhammad Yoga
Published: December 2021

Phenomenon by providing a Doctor's certificate in the criminal justice system involving a witness, a suspect, accused in corruption cases start of the examination in the Police, the Prosecutor's office, Corruption Eradication Commission, the Court, as well as in Correctional Institutions, stating that the person concerned should be treated and treated specifically and also nothing should be referred to the hospital with complete amenities, this phenomenon has been carried out since long. The utilization of a doctor's certificate is against the law in criminal cases of corruption, according to the dynamics of law enforcement in Indonesia is certainly not going to stop. If this issue continues to be adversely affects the process of law enforcement in Indonesia. The research method used in this research is normative juridical. The source of the data obtained in this research is sourced from the material library and descriptive analytics which is intended to reveal a problem or situation or event as it is so that it can uncover the actual facts. The results in this study show that Fraud and irregularities a Doctor's certificate will easily occur. There is a strong tendency among law enforcement, that a doctor's certificate is evidence that the strong, and can not be contested. In the history of law enforcement corruption in Indonesia, law enforcement has yet to cultivate the examination and make a doctor's certificate is genuine or fake and can be justified scientifically and professionally. In addition, it is also never ask for another opinion from another doctor to check the health of a person declared sick and was unable to be present in the judicial process, from the previous doctor.

Keywords: A Doctor's Certificate, Criminal Justice, Corruption.
Three Decades of Working Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Issues and Challenges
Authors: Murthy R.V. R.
Published: December 2021

Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) are the cornerstone of local self government and it provides democratic platform for people's participation at various levels of governance in India. PRIs have been given constitutional status through 73rd Constitutional Amendment in 1992 to make democracy more functional at the local level and driven by citizens needs in addition to with their participation to ensure economic development, strengthen social justice and implementing Central as well as State government welfare schemes including those 29 subjects listed in the Eleventh schedule. In its present form and structure, the PRIs in Andaman and Nicobar Islands have completed three decades of existence and well entrenched with the rural life and have brought about major development in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. However, a lot remains to be done in order to further deepen decentralization and strengthen democracy at the grass root level in the absence of legislature at Union Territory level. Given the general conceptual implication, the present paper seeks to make an in-depth study of issues and challenges encounter by PRIs in Andaman and Nicobar Islands in particular.

Keywords: Governance, Participation, Gram Sabha, Zilla Parishad.
Anxiety of High School Students Preparing for University during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hongwisat Prapattra , Wuthikanokkan Thanawat , Preechakansakul Nathakan
Published: December 2021

Covid-19 are one of the viruses that were widely spreaded in 2019 and are still separate until nowadays. Thailand is one of the countries that are highly infected. The majority of people who are infected with this virus tend to have mild to severe respiratory symptoms. Furthermore, anyone can get sick, and it can lead to death. However, the most common symptoms of this virus are fever, cough, tiredness, and loss of taste or smell, on the other hand, characteristics in a minority of people, such as diarrhea and headaches. Due to the impact of the Covid-19 virus, people have to change their lifestyle to the online form. These changes have impacted mostly on economics and education in particular countries, so this problem also affects anxiety among high school students; who must prepare to apply to the university during the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, we have collected 151 answers from high school students by surveying in order to know the feelings for entrance to the university during the pandemic situation. We found out that 81.3% of the students are highly affected by covid, and only 0.7% of students are slightly affected. We also found out that 55% of the students are worried about university entrance, and only 2.6% of the students were not worried at all. According to the result, most of the students in Thailand are facing the problem about their education and their entrance for the university which are caused by Covid-19. This may lead to illnesses like depression and anxiety.

Keywords: Students, Learning, COVID-19, Thailand, University.
Analysis of Time Driven Activity Based Costing Implementation in Calculation of Cost Efficiency Level Capacity in Government Agencies
(Case Study of KPP Pratama Binjai)
Authors: Antropov Dedy , Muda Iskandar , Irawati Nisrul
Published: December 2021

Currently, Indonesia still uses tax revenue as the main source of state revenue. However, the problem occurred when for several years it turned out that tax revenues did not meet the target. The percentage of realized tax revenues compared to the tax revenue target from year to year indicates that the ratio of tax revenues did not reach the target. One of the factors causing the non-achievement of tax revenue is related to the number of employees of the Directorate General of Taxes who are still not ideal with their workload. This study aims to determine how to calculate the efficiency level of capacity costs by using the theory of Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) in the utilization of currently available resources at the Tax Service Office, Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Binjai. The population of this research is all the executor of the Service Section and Account Representative who are in KPP Pratama Binjai. The researcher uses descriptive (qualitative) data analysis method which only aims to explain the observed facts/practices based on certain theories. This study uses primary and secondary data from KPP Pratama Binjai. The results show that through the TDABC theory, the level of capacity cost efficiency at KPP Pratama Binjai is included in the less efficient category, which means that there is still a lot of unused capacity that should be maximized from available capacity and used capacity.

Keywords: Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC), Efficiency, Available Capacity, Used Capacity, Unused Capacity.
Anemia Prevalence in India Over Two Decades: Evidence from National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
Authors: Belwal Ekta , Pandey Shalini , Sarkar Supta
Published: December 2021

Anemia is the most prevalent deficiency disease and one among the major nutrition related goals globally. Children and women of reproductive age are the most vulnerable groups for anemia everywhere. While there are various nutritional and non-nutritional factors causing anemia, Iron deficiency is the most prominent of them. In India, more than half population of preschool age children and reproductive age women is suffering from anemia. Indian government had started anemia prophylaxis efforts a half century ago and still continuing to battle with this ever prevalent disease to bring down its occurrence. National Family Health Survey is the large-scale survey conducted in India to provide high-quality data on health and family welfare and related emerging issues. The data provided not only helps in formulation, revision and monitoring of the policies and programs but in situating the development of India globally. Studying the time trend for anemia prevalence and other related parameters reported in NFHS surveys helps how well India has performed until now and how far is from its goal to become Anemia free country.

Keywords: Anemia, iron deficiency, health survey, child health, maternal health.
Perception of Job-Seeking Graduates in Oyo State Nigeria to Cashew Production
Authors: O. Aremu-Dele , K.A. Adesanya , A.B. Nduka , A.A. Bakare , S.B. Rahman
Published: December 2021

Cashew is an important and commercially grown cash crop in Oyo state and Nigeria generally for its apple and most importantly the nuts. Cashew cultivation in recent years has experienced a yield decline due to few cashew farmers involved and moribund cashew trees. This paper aims to understand the perception of job-seeking graduates in Oyo state to cashew production and proffer recommendations that will help in promoting their participation. Some selected areas were considered in Oyo state and data were collected using a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics of the respondent, awareness on cashew tree and its importance, opinion of respondents to cashew farming, perception of respondents to money-making opportunities in cashew production and categorization of the respondents based on their level of perception. 270 respondents were considered in the survey. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. Results showed that 45.5% of the unemployed graduates were between the ages of 30-34 years. The study also showed that 90.7% know the economic importance of cashew while 89.3% know cashew farming as profitable. Farming ventures interest 73.3% of the unemployed graduates while 66.7% would want to venture into cashew farming. 52.2% of the job-seeking graduates had a favourable level of perception about cashew production. The perception of the job-seeking graduates is satisfactory as the favourability of their level of perception to cashew production is a little above average. Feasible loans or grants should be made available and easily accessible to job-seeking graduates to promote their involvement in cashew farming.
Potential Therapeutic Option used for the Cure of Covid-19 using Locally Available Indigenous Herbs (Nigeria) Containing Antioxidant, Vitamins, Minerals; thus, this will help to tackle Current Status, Challenges as well as Futuristic Perspective Globally
Authors: D.E. Silas , I.M. Bugaje , U. Suleman , S.M. Mohammmad , B. Aliyu
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The unprecedented global pandemic from Covid-19 infection has generated significant chaos to humanity in both health wise and as well as economically. Thus, there have been no specific pharmacological and antiviral therapeutic option to date available for covid-19 management. For these reasons, there have been urgent needs to discover an effective medicine for preventive, and eradication methods due to the hash nature of death toll from this novel corona virus infection. Methods: Repurposing of selection, characterization of bacteria through genomic / traditional, phytochemical and fermentation methods base anti covid-19 drugs discovery. Thus, these approaches and techniques is essential to provides a better lead or otherwise. Results: Taking a bold step of faith to approach the techniques for Covid-19 methods, the results for microbiological screening of bacterial reveals that Bacillus sp (spore former, motile, rod (+) was pin-point to have the highest colony followed by Pseudomonas sp alongside with Klebsiellas sp(Capsule formers ,motile and rod (+)) and the least were found with both shigella sp (none motile, Rod (-ve) and Staphylococcus sp (cocci (+). Phytochemical screening of different plants both in qualitative and quantitative methods using Raphanu satinus, Neem (Azadirachata indica), Bagaruwa (Acacia nilotica), Moringa (Moringa oleifera) etc., respectively contain all the natural antioxidant, bioactive compounds, vitamins as well as an appreciable amount of micronutrient/ macronutrient for combatting covid-19 pandemic. Further investigation through fermentation processes were accentuated with time differences have reveal microbial crude proteins (%), pH and dry matter values have significant changes to all the specific species. Thus, there were significant increase in proteins, pH values decrease as well as dry matter decreases in this order% Protein< pH>DM respectively. Originality: in view of this current investigation anti covid-19 leads translated through microbial screening, phytochemical as well as fermentation processes could overcome the current challenges of covid-19 pandemic therapy. Considering the immense potential of phytochemical, microbiological and fermentation processes, this article summarizes the present status of the research carried out on their anti-covid-19 activities with its limitation and futuristic direction to foster drug discovery.
Governance And Sustainability of Networked MFIs: Case of the CamCCul Network in Cameroon
Authors: T. Nguenbu , J. Nzongang
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of internal and external governance mechanisms on the sustainability of the microfinance institutions of the CamCCul network in Cameroon. The study is conducted on a sample of 34 MFIs of the network over the 7-year period from 2009 to 2015. The results show, on the one hand, that the MFI's adherence to the network’s Risk Management program significantly and positively affects the financial sustainability of MIFs measured by their operational self-sufficiency. On the other hand, we find that the ownership of UBC Bank shares by the MFI and the culture of the zone of activity positively and significantly affect the MIFs social sustainability measured by the number of active borrowers.
On a class of h-Fourier integral operators with the complex phase
Authors: Harrat Chahrazed
Published: December 2021

In this work, we study the L2-boundedness and L2-compactness of a class of h-Fourier integral operators with the complex phase. These operators are bounded (respectively compact) if the weight of the amplitude is bounded (respectively tends to 0).
Characterizing inequalities for existence of contact CR-warped product submanifolds of generalized Sasakian space forms admitting a nearly cosymplectic structure
Authors: Khan Meraj Ali
Published: December 2021

This paper studies the contact CR-warped product submanifolds of a generalized Sasakian space form admitting a nearly cosymplectic structure. Some inequalities for the existence of these types of warped product submanifolds are established, the obtained inequalities generalize the results that have acquired in \cite{atceken14}. Moreover, we also estimate another inequality for the second fundamental form in the expressions of the warping function, this inequality also generalizes the inequalities that have obtained in \cite{ghefari19}. In addition, we also explore the equality cases.
Some classes of 3-dimensional Trans-Sasakian manifolds with respect to semi-symmetric metric connection
Authors: Pahan Sampa
Published: December 2021

The object of the present paper is to study semi-symmetric metric connection on a 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold. We found the necessary condition under which a vector field on a 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold will be a strict contact vector field. Then, we obtained extended generalized phi-recurrent 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold with respect to semi-symmetric metric connection. Next, a 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold satises the condition ~L.~ S = 0 with respect to semi-symmetric metric connection is studied.
Fractional Hartley transform on $G$-Boehmian space
Authors: Roopkumar Rajakumar , Ganesan Chinnaraman
Published: December 2021

Using a special type of fractional convolution, a $G$-Boehmian space $\mathcal{B}_\alpha$ containing integrable functions on $\mathbb{R}$ is constructed. The fractional Hartley transform ({\sc frht}) is defined  as a linear,  continuous injection from $\mathcal{B}_\alpha$ into the space of all continuous functions on $\mathbb{R}$. This extension simultaneously generalizes the fractional Hartley transform on $L^1(\mathbb{R})$ as well as Hartley transform on an integrable Boehmian space.
Xác định đồng thời sắt và đồng bằng phương pháp von - ampe hòa tan trên điện cực biến tính hữu cơ
Authors: Hồ Sỹ Linh
Published: December 2021

Phương pháp mới xác định đồng thời sắt và đồng trên điện cực biến tính hữu cơ cho kết quả tốt. Phép đo von-ampe được tiến hành ở các điều kiện tối ưu: dung dịch nền EDTA 0,02M; pH = 3 – 4; thế điện phân làm giàu -1,0V; thời gian điện phân làm giàu 30s. Khoảng xác định sắt trong nước là 0,5 – 60 mg/l và của đồng là 0,03 – 40 mg/l.
Vai trò của vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài trong sự nghiệp công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa ở Việt Nam
Authors: Phan Xuân Cường
Published: December 2021

Vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài đóng vai trò quan trọng trong quá trình công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa ở Việt Nam. Việc thu hút nguồn vốn FDI góp phần tạo nguồn vốn đầu tư thúc đẩy chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế, giải quyết việc làm, nâng cao thu nhập, cải thiện cán cân thanh toán quốc tế và giúp nước ta tiếp cận với thị trường thế giới.
Vận dụng luận điểm của C. Mác – V. Lê nin về vấn đề ruộng đất và sở hữu ruộng đất trong thời kỳ đẩy mạnh công nghiệp hóa, hiện đại hóa ở nước ta hiện nay
Authors: Hồ Xuân Quang , Hoàng Việt Trung
Published: December 2021

Từ những luận điểm của C. Mác – V. Lênin về vấn đề ruộng đất và sở hữu ruộng đất trong thời kỳ quá độ đi lên chủ nghĩa xã hội, Đảng ta vận dụng linh hoạt và sáng tạo vào thực tiễn đất nước. Từ cuối những năm 80 của thế kỉ XX đến nay đã có nhiều chính sách về ruộng đất và sở hữu ruộng đất được Đảng thông qua, góp phần mở ra hướng sản xuất hàng hóa, đẩy mạnh công nghiệp hoá, hiện đại hoá nông nghiệp, nông thôn ở nước ta.
Control constitucional en el mundo contemporáneo - Retrospectiva y prospectiva
Authors: Lustig Doreen , Weiler J. H. H.
Published: December 2021

Nuestro propósito en este artículo es retomar, actualizar y revisar teóricamente Judicial Review in the Contemporary World, de Mauro Cappelletti, una obra que fue pionera en su tratamiento del control constitucional. El principal recurso cartográfico, en homenaje a Cappelletti, es la metáfora de la ola. Trazamos un mapa de tres olas globales de control constitucional dentro de un mismo orden constitucional, las cuales son secuenciales y están superpuestas geográficamente a nivel mundial. La primera ola es la serie de “revoluciones constitucionales” al interior de los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales. La segunda ola es la aparición del derecho internacional como fuente de derecho superior que los tribunales utilizan en el ejercicio de su poder de control constitucional. La tercera ola es una respuesta y reacción a la primera y segunda olas: por un lado, el intento de los tribunales nacionales de suplir las lagunas democráticas e identitarias del Estado de derecho en el marco de la gobernanza transnacional (tener una voz). Por el otro, es el conjunto de casos en los que los tribunales (y los Estados) tratan de escapar de la primera o la segunda ola (el escape). La interacción entre las olas y sus características dialécticas constituyen el marco explicativo que ofrecemos en este artículo. Al destacar las relaciones dialécticas dentro de las olas y entre ellas, esperamos desafiar la narrativa dominante sobre los procesos de constitucionalización como algo progresivo y evolutivo.
Cuestionamientos en torno al anuncio del sentido del fallo previsto en la legislación procesal civil colombiana
Authors: Brito Luisa
Published: December 2021

La legislación procesal civil colombiana prevé la figura del anuncio del sentido del fallo, en el evento en el que el juez opte por dictar la sentencia por escrito. La mencionada institución procesal encuentra importantes vacíos que han repercutido en que, en la práctica, se profieran anuncios del sentido del fallo incompletos y fundamentados en razones erróneas, en contravía del propósito de la figura. En adición, jurisprudencialmente se ha contemplado la posibilidad de cambiar en la sentencia escrita el sentido del fallo anunciado de manera previa, lo que contraría la legislación procesal civil y vulnera el derecho al debido proceso. En todo caso, y a pesar de no ser de frecuente utilización, existe un mecanismo procesal para lograr la completitud del anuncio del sentido del fallo, consistente en la solicitud de adición o complementación; y para atacar el cambio del sentido del fallo anunciado en la sentencia escrita por vulneración del debido proceso, correspondiente al recurso de apelación –cuando este proceda–, y la acción de tutela, de manera subsidiaria y excepcional.
¿Está constitucionalmente prohibido el arbitramento internacional de inversiones en Ecuador?
Authors: Arias Murrieta María de los Ángeles
Published: December 2021

La prohibición del sometimiento a instancias de arbitraje internacional en caso de disputas derivadas de la suscripción de instrumentos internacionales genera un ambiente de inestabilidad para las empresas foráneas que desean invertir en el Ecuador. Este artículo aborda la problemática en relación con la interpretación y aplicación del artículo 422 de la Constitución del Ecuador. Por medio de un enfoque cualitativo se analiza si esta cláusula cumple los parámetros para calificar si ha caído en desuso y, en caso de no cumplirlos, si la limitación al sometimiento de arbitraje a jurisdicción internacional es absoluta. Finalmente, se analiza la posibilidad de una interpretación flexible que permita al Ecuador suscribir tratados internacionales de inversión que se sometan a tribunales arbitrales internacionales.
“A Mirror” of the Alternation of Ethics --- The Ethical Selection of The Maples in Updike’s Separating
Authors: Wang Min
Published: December 2021

Separating, by John Updike, tells a story that happened in a middle-class family, where the protagonists the Maples decide to separate from each other, and they announce their decision to four children, thus resulting in a family conflict. This essay intends to analyze the choice made by the Maples and the reasons behind them, hence revealing the changes in American marriage thoughts and the contradictions that exist in American marriage life in the 1960s.
Smart technológiák alkalmazhatóságának lehetőségei a sürgősségi betegellátásban
Authors: Musch János , Bánfai-Csonka Henrietta , Dr. Radnai Balázs , Dr. Schiffer Ádám , Dr. Sári Zoltán , Prof. Dr. Betlehem József , Dr. Bánfai Bálint
Published: December 2021

Az egészségügyi ellátásban egyre inkább teret hódítanak a smart technológián alapuló megoldások. Össze foglalónkban célunk volt bemutatni a sürgősségi ellátásban alkalmazható lehetőségeket. Prehospitálisan hasznosak lehetnek a betegút-optimalizációt elősegítő megoldások. Az ellátás bármely színterén segítségül szolgálhatnak a döntéstámogató rendszerek, valamint a dokumentációt segítő lehetőségek. További előnyökkel szolgálhatnak a színterek közötti adatáramlást, kommunikációt segítő technológiák. Az alkalmazott smart technológiák bevezetése pozitív hatással lehet a sürgősségi betegellátásra, fontos azonban az ellátók fogadtatását is vizsgálni az újítások iránt, hiszen ez is befolyásolja a bevezethetőséget.
Capital in context: Funding US Inland Northwest food hub development before and during COVID-19
Authors: Saul Darin , Newman Soren , Dearien Christy
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on how 10 food hubs in the U.S. Inland Northwest resourced their start-up and development before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Case studies include coop­erative, government agency, nonprofit, and family-owned food hubs. Because of the prominence of nonmonetary values as drivers in food hub devel­opment, we used a social entrepreneurship frame­work to understand how people, context, and a social value proposition affected access to and use of capital resources. We found that each food hub had a unique mix of capital sources and profita­bility that reflected and shaped who was involved, their mission, and their available resources. All operating food hubs that we studied strengthened and grew their business during the first year of the pandemic. Two federal COVID-19-related pro­grams—the Paycheck Protection Program and the Farmers to Families Food Box Program—played brief but instrumental roles in helping most organi­zations early in the pandemic, enabling several to pivot from heavily impacted markets (such as restaurants and educational institutions) to direct-to-consumer markets and food security efforts. For several, panic buying early in the crisis followed by a consistent large increase in demand fueled organi­zational growth. The food hubs adapted quickly, with some significantly changing their business model and expected trajectory as they weathered the first year of the pandemic, coming out stronger than before.
Actigraphy as a tool to evaluate the sleep rhythm vigilia during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Belenello Jéssica Regina , Bernardi Abikeilla Ariane , Fachini Fernanda Prado , Mello Sônia Trannin de
Published: December 2021

Actimetry has been shown to be useful for non-parametric analysis of biological activity/rest rhythms. We verified the pattern of activity and rest of 5 women from the city of Maringá/Pr during 30 days. We applied a sociocultural questionnaire (CONEP: 4,032,221). A (31), B (46), C (54), D (55), E (61) years. Total sleep time for A was between 6:00 am and 2:02 pm, with an average of 11 awakenings. For B, 5:10 am and 9:14 am, with an average of 21 awakenings. Participant C, 5:23 am and 10:16 am, with an average of 10 awakenings. For D, 6:02 am and 11:38 am, with an average of 16 awakenings. Participant E, 5:16 am and 8:14 am, with an average of 10 awakenings. All of them presented circadian rhythm and irregularities in sleeping and waking up during the week, with an increase in the number of hours slept on the weekends. They reported worsening sleep quality during the pandemic. When asked about the state of anxiety in relation to the moment, on a scale from zero to ten, participants A, B, C and D answered 9 and E answered 8. In relation to fear of possible health and financial risks, A, C and D scored 8, B and E scored 6 for health. A, B and C scored 9, E scored 6 and D scored 8 for the financier. We can infer that sleep suffers environmental/social influences. Actions that lead to selfknowledge can contribute to the recognition of sleep changes, allowing control and monitoring of real situations of external conflict.
Helminth-induced immune response: A new perspective for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Rezende Karla Viana , Alves Ayrton Senna do Brasil Amaral , Amorim Juliana Carollyne , Oliveira Maria Inês Vaz de , Rodrigues Maria Paula Banhara , Grah Vitor Matias
Published: December 2021

Background: Multiple Sclerole (MS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that, in its most common form, evolves in outbreaks and compromises the patient’s quality of life and functionality. In a long time, a way of attenuating symptoms and preventing the progression of this pathology has been studied, however, drug therapies, until now, have not shown good accuracy. In this context, the exogenous use of helminths as non-drug therapy for MS has been considered, therefore, this study aims to demonstrate the recent results of studies on such therapies and verify whether there is scientific evidence of a good clinical, immunological and exam response. image of patients with MS. Methods: Bibliographic review in the PUBMED database Results: The four large studies carried out on the topic demonstrated evidence that the immune response induced by helminths decreases the activity of the immunological factors that contribute to the progression of MS, however the small control groups and unfavorable environments impaired the conclusions of the studies . Conclusions: Although the studies have no yet to demonstrate reliable clinical evidence about exogenous helminth therapy, it is undeniable that the good immune response induced by the parasites is a great hope that motivates the continuation of studies in the area.
Post - Spinal Anesthesia Headache Treatment: a literature review
Authors: Maués Gabriel Aranha Sousa , Pinho Rafaela Seixas , Souza Aline Cristine Passos de
Published: December 2021

Background: Post-spinal anesthesia headache is a common complication of this procedure due to the loss of cerebrospinal fluid through the puncture orifice. Resolution may be spontaneous or require interventions such as presented in this study. Objective: To address the most relevant and current aspects of post-spinal anesthesia headache treatment. Methods: Literature review based on Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, having as inclusion criteria articles of great published in English, Portuguese and Spanish in the period 2016 to 2021 and exclusion criteria articles published outside that period. Results: Post-spinal anesthesia headache or post-dural puncture headache (DPC) is divided into disabling headache and non-disabling headache in order to guide its management. In non-disabling headache, analgesics, caffeine and hydration are used. In disabling headache, blood-patching can be performed from the injection of autologous blood in the epidural space in order to buffer the puncture hole. In addition to this technique, there is the blockade of the sphenuous- palatine ganglion, which is performed by applying 5% lidocaine with the aid of a swab, introduced perpendicularly to the nasopharynx, where the sphenuous ganglion is located – palatine ,inhibiting vasodilation from the blockage of parasympathetic transmission and thus decreasing the intensity of headache, considering the approachless invasive and with fewer complications, but that needs to be better studied for its application. Conclusion: The treatment of mistraining cppd from conservative to more invasive procedures and with a higher risk of complications. Due to the above, studies should be encouraged to expand the therapeutic arsenal of this disabling headache.
Pathogenesis and clinical aspects involved in stroke associated with COVID-19: A literature review
Authors: Gastaldello Gabriel Henrique , Gomes Amanda Rodrigues Correia Frota , Garcia Bruna Belone , Pires Damiana Gianotto , Sillva Cristiane Tefé
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Currently, an increasing number of studies point to the prevalence of neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19, including stroke. Although the pathophysiology is not completely understood, the infection induces a prothrombotic state stimulate by high levels of factor VIII, fibrinogen and Ddimer. In this sense, high mortality (44,2%) is a challenging context and identify influences of clinical and morphological aspects the outcome of these patients. Design and setting: Literature review conduced in Barão de Mauá University Center, Ribeirão Preto-SP. Objective: Clarifying aspects involved in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19 and Stroke. Methods: The primary databases utilized to retrieve the salient medical literature presented in this review were Scielo and Pubmed. The search terms, included “stroke”, “SARS-CoV”, “covid-19”. Discussion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype found associated with multiple infarctions and cryptogenic etiology. The mechanisms are multifactorial, including conventional pathways stimulated by the pathogen or direct action. Called “sepsis coagulopathy”, activation of the coagulation pathway associated with viral invasion of endothelial cells and excessive release of cytokines causes a prothrombotic state. Hemorrhagic stroke is less common. It is believed that the affinity of SARS-coV- 2 for ACE2 (angiotensinconverting enzyme 2) receptors could directly damage intracranial arteries, causing rupture, associated with fibrinogen depletion and massive release of cytokines and proteases. Conclusion: Individuals affected by COVID-19 that are affected by stroke face more severe conditions and worse associated outcomes. Thus, understanding the pathophysiology and clinical aspects brings greater effectiveness in the care of these individuals and lower mortality.