bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Silos to Systems: Reimagining Zoonotic Neglected Tropical Disease Management through the Lens of One Health
Authors: Adiwinoto Ronald Pratama , Adnyana I Made Dwi Mertha , Soedarsono Soedarsono , Gustam Tasalina Yohana Parameswari
Published: December 2024

Zoonotic neglected tropical diseases (zNTDs) pose significant global public health challenges, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. Traditional siloed approaches to zNTD management have proven inadequate for addressing the complex interplay between human, animal, and environmental health factors. This review examined the limitations of fragmented strategies and explored the potential of integrated one-health approaches for more effective zNTD control. This narrative review covered publications from 2000 to 2023, sourced from databases including PubMed and Scopus, emphasizing studies that met inclusion criteria of peer-reviewed research focused on zNTDs through a One Health lens. A comprehensive analysis of the current literature and case studies was conducted to evaluate the multifaceted drivers of zoonotic pathogen spillover, assess the economic and health impacts of zNTDs, and identify successful implementation of the One Health strategy in endemic regions. This review highlights the inadequacies of siloed disease management approaches, which often lead to inefficient resource allocation and missed opportunities for synergistic intervention. Successful case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the One Health strategy in improving disease surveillance, enhancing cross-sectoral collaboration, and achieving sustainable health outcomes. The potential of emerging technologies and innovations to support integrated approaches has also been explored. Transitioning from siloed to systemic approaches in zNTD management requires overcoming institutional barriers, fostering cross-sector collaboration, and implementing multitiered frameworks that operate at the local, national, and global levels. Investing in cross-sectoral capacity development and leveraging technological innovations are crucial for building a workforce capable of addressing the complex challenges posed by zNTDs. Adopting the One Health principle offers a promising path toward more comprehensive, efficient, and sustainable strategies for zNTD prevention.
The Influence of Popular Culture on 21st-Century Social Movements
Authors:   Wheatley Research Consultancy, Bagley, Minnesota, USA, Wheatley Christine
Published: December 2024

This review examines the complex relationship between popular culture and social movements in the 21st century, revealing how each influences and shapes the other across various domains. By exploring the roles of media, music, art, and celebrity activism, the article highlights the dynamic interplay between cultural expressions and activism, influenced by the rapid advancements in digital technology. It discusses how popular culture not only serves as a platform for activism but also shapes the narratives and tactics of social movements. The review also explores the unique challenges and transformations during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring how celebrity activism and digital platforms significantly shaped social movements’ responses to public health and racial justice. Ultimately, the review considers the impacts of these interactions on public perception and policy, underscoring the potential of popular culture to both foster and hinder meaningful social change.
Safety and Efficacy of Microneedling Procedure in Treating Warts: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Syeda Sakina  , Alina Zafar  , Saqlain Ahmed  , Aiza Ali Akbar  , Syeda Wajiha Batool  , Ayesha Ijaz Raja
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Warts are one of the most prevalent viral disorders that affect epidermal keratinocytes and are cutaneous signs of human papilloma virus infection. Warts are usually slow-growing and self-limiting, but treatment is required because of the possibility of transmission, aesthetic effect of the warts, psychological impact, excruciating pain, and disfiguring effects. Methodology: This was a retrospective analysis of 130 patients with warts to determine the effectiveness and safety of the needling procedure and the factors that could affect the outcomes. Results: In total, 130 patients were included in this study. Females made the major section (70.8%) of the study population, and the mean age of the study sample was 24.14 ± 5.9 years. The number of lesions ranged from single to 75. Time for the warts being symptomatic to present to clinic was 1 to 15 weeks, and 16.9% patients had pain when they presented to clinic. The sole (33.8%) and toes (17.7%) of feet were the most common sites of warts. The duration for which the patient had been symptomatic and the symptom of pain at presentation were significant factors for healing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Needling procedures are still effective method for treating warts; in our study, 64.62% participants out of 130 showed improvement at certain level. Person perception and patient satisfaction were subjective.
Interrater reliability in a national assessment of oral mathematical communication
Authors: Palm Torulf
Published: December 2024

Mathematical communication, oral and written, is generally regarded as an important aspect of mathematics and mathematics education. This implies that oral mathematical communication also should play a part in various kinds of assessments. But oral assessments of subject matter knowledge or communication abilities, in education and elsewhere, often display reliability problems, which render difficulties with their use. In mathematics education, research about the reliability of oral assessments is comparably uncommon and this lack of research is particularly striking when it comes to the assessment of mathematical communication abilities. This study analyses the interrater reliability of the assessment of oral mathematical communication in a Swedish national test for upper secondary level. The results show that the assessment does suffer from interrater reliability problems. In addition, the difficulties to assess this construct reliably do not seem to mainly come from the communication aspect in itself, but from insufficiencies in the model employed to assess the construct.
Analyzing mathematical classroom discourse – iIitiating elaborations on the usefulness of the dialogical approach
Authors: Ryve Andreas
Published: December 2024

The dialogical approach has been introduced for studying mathematical classroom discourse in a growing body of studies conducted by researchers from the Nordic countries. However, since it is developed for analyzing human action, communication, and cognition in general, it is important to explicitly discuss how it could be developed and complemented for serving the purposes of mathematics education research. In this article I initiate such a discussion by drawing on theoretical analysis as well as my own experiences of using the dialogical approach. By relating it to a framework of criteria for research in mathematics education it is shown that the dialogical approach could be a useful tool for fulfilling several aspects of relevance for mathematics education research. The article concludes by suggesting further aspects that need to be discussed and elaborated on in the project of making it even more useful for understanding mathematical teaching and learning.
The Nordic graduate school in mathematics education – plans for 2009
Authors: Grevholm Barbro
Published: December 2024

Graduate school plans for 2009 ...
Culturality in mathematics education – a comparative study
Authors: Owens Kay
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to draw upon extensive multicultural experiences and research to present some key aspects of effective multicultural teaching and learning. With an emphasis on cultural context and language, the discussion uses examples from Sweden and Australia, although experience and research in other cultures have informed the perspectives. Aspects of culture that are relevant to mathematics and approaches that maintain culture are emphasised. An emphasis on national values and language is also influencing schooling but strategies that take account of diversity of language and culture are provided.
Dialogical inquiry in practice teaching
Authors: Johnsen-Høines Marit
Published: December 2024

This article refers to a project in which the preconditions for a subject-oriented1, reflective approach towards mathematics and mathematics education in the context of practice teaching were investigated. Student teachers, their tutors and teacher educators participated in the investigation. The article elaborates on their participation as ”co-researchers” in developing the methodological approach and analyses. In addition, the article explores how the analyses provide insight into the didactical conditions for including a subject-oriented approach in practice teaching. More specifically, it was found that practice teaching communication bears the imprint of an evaluative approach that restrains the development of a subject-oriented reflective approach. The conflicting processes characterising these approaches are highlighted.
Operationalizing the analytical construct of contextualization
Authors: Nilsson Per
Published: December 2024

This article elaborates on the construct of contextualization, which constitutes a con­structivist contextual view on learning. Principles of constructivism and contextuali­zation are operationalized into a set of four analytical categories that teachers and researchers can use in organizing their thinking about teaching and learning mathe­matics. The categories are discussed and verified throughout the design and analysis of a classroom compatible learning activity, which is thought to promote probabilistic reasoning. The article discusses suggestions for developing the operationalization and, thus, encourages future efforts that further explore the explanatory power of contextualization and its analytical categories.
An investigation of Norwegian students’ affective domain in mathematics
Authors: Kislenko Kirsti
Published: December 2024

After decades of research in the affective domain in mathematics education, and search for ways to enhance students’ positive attitudes towards the discipline, the perception that to be able to do mathematics is innate remains a widespread belief. Already twenty years ago the Fourth NAEP study concluded that students believe mathematics to be important, difficult and based on rules, and theses attributions also characterise the view of mathematics even two decades later. As a relationship exists between the claims ”mathematics is difficult” and ”mathematics is boring” one could assume that students lack interest towards mathematics. The conclusions about the present situation are based on a study carried out in Norway in 2005. This paper documents and analyses the data from the study. Six factors are identified and analysed in relation to students ́ affective domain in mathematics. The six factors are: interest, hard-working, self-confidence, usefulness, insecurity, and MAD (Mathematics as an Absolute Discipline).
Theorising in mathematics education research: differences in modes and quality
Authors: Jablonka Eva , Bergsten Christer
Published: December 2024

In mathematics education research reports, we find a bewildering array of ”theories”, ”theoretical models” or ”theoretical frameworks”. The key notions and principles as well as the intellectual roots of these constructions are made more or less explicit, and the relations of theoretical entities to the empirical field under study are established in different ways. These differences imply discrepancies in quality. In this contribution we touch upon some of these issues. We attempt to show that an investigation of the relations between key concepts might help to read and evaluate theoretical underpinnings of research studies, and we argue that not all constructions that are labelled ”theoretical” meet the criteria we consider essential for productive theorising. We also allude to different modes of engaging with empirical material and different ways in which theories are used in research studies. The main part of our discussion is limited to examples of ”home-grown” theorising. The examples we have chosen to illustrate our points necessarily represent a biased selection.
Central skills in toddlers’ and pre-schoolers’ mathematical development, observed in play and everyday activities
Authors: Reikerås Elin
Published: December 2024

In good mathematical development, it is important to master some central skills at the kindergarten age. Being aware of such skills for each child is useful for facilitating children’s learning and development. The present study examines how kindergarten children master central mathematical skills in toddler age and preschool age. The staff in kindergartens collected data by using structured observation on the basis of observational material The Mathematics, the Individual and the Environments (MIO). The areas examined were Mathematical language, Logical reasoning, Shape and space, Pattern and order, Counting and series of numbers and Enumeration. The children were observed in play and everyday activities in kindergarten in two three-month periods when they were 2 1⁄2 years of age (toddlers, n = 1003) and two year later when they were 4 1⁄2 (pre-schoolers, n = 744). The results show a large dispersion in the children’s skills as toddlers, but as pre-schoolers, most of the children have a high level of mastery. The percentage of mastery at each of the observation times is reported and discussed in light of earlier findings. In our study, the children had slower development in the numerical area than was found in other research. Reflections about how the Norwegian kindergarten tradition and the method used to collect the data influence the results are included.
Studier av undervisningskunnskap i matematikk: internasjonale trender og nordiske bidrag
Authors: Mosvold Reidar
Published: December 2024

De siste tiårene har forskere vist stadig mer interesse for den matematiske kunnskapen som er spesifikt knyttet til matematikkundervisningen. I denne artikkelen diskuteres nordiske bidrag til forskningen på dette feltet i lys av internasjonale trender. Diskusjonene bygger på resultater fra en litteraturstudie av 190 empiriske artikler som ble publisert i perioden 2006–2013. I tillegg trekkes her inn nordiske artikler etter 2013. Noen av disse studiene fokuserte på kunnskapens innhold og natur, andre fokuserte på hvordan denne kunnskapen kan utvikles, mens en tredje gruppe studier undersøkte hvordan lærerkunnskapen påvirker elevenes resultater og kvaliteten på undervisningen. Videre nordisk forskning på feltet kan blant annet bidra til styrking av teori og praksistilknytning.
Editorial
Authors: Editors The
Published: December 2024

Ledrare / Editorial
Introduktion: Omsorg i forandring
Authors: Sand Andersen Rikke , Tjørnhøj-Thomsen Tine , Lei Sparre Sara
Published: December 2024

Introduktion til nummeret Omsorg Under Forandring 2: Omsorgens Relationer.
Effets de contextes en tutorat et négociation de la compréhension des savoirs théoriques et pratiques chez des stagiaires à travers le prisme d’une instrumentation identitaire
Authors: Zambo Russel Ponty
Published: December 2024

Cette étude analyse la négociation de la compréhension des savoirs théoriques et pratiques chez des stagiaires dans un dispositif marqué par des effets de contextes au sein du tutorat. L’analyse considère donc les contraintes qui pèsent sur ces sujets, en cherchant notamment comment ils parviennent à jouer de ces contraintes pour réaliser des apprentissages. À partir d’une méthodologie qualitative basée sur les entretiens de groupes et des observations, l’article documente sur les ajustements non formalisés et locaux opérés par les stagiaires dans l’expérience camerounaise en matière d’accompagnement des apprenants dans un système dual. L’intérêt de cette recherche est qu’elle met en exergue un processus d’instrumentation identitaire de ces sujets pour faire face à un tutorat à contrecourant de la logique prescrite.
Usages académiques des TIC et qualité de vie des étudiant·e·s internationaux·les résident·e·s au Québec pendant le confinement COVID-19
Authors: Frozzini Jorge , Lévy Joseph , Côté Daniel , Bérubé Farrah
Published: December 2024

Cet article rend compte des usages académiques des TIC ainsi que de leurs répercussions sur la qualité de vie des étudiant·e·s internationaux⋅les (EI) fréquentant des universités québécoises en période de confinement lié à la COVID-19. Les résultats de l’analyse de 40 entrevues semi-dirigées, dans cette recherche exploratoire qualitative, indiquent qu’il y a eu des répercussions significatives sur les finances des EI et les conditions d’enseignement et d’apprentissage. La démotivation, le manque de concentration, la fatigue ainsi que l’apparition ou l’amplification de problèmes physiques divers sont soulevés. Ces résultats illustrent l’importance de l’environnement technologique dans les études et la qualité de vie dans une situation de confinement.
El sector de los cuidados en la Economía Social asturiana. Un análisis desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Santero-Sánchez Rosa , Martínez Martín Mª Isabel , Soria Lavara Pablo
Published: December 2024

El envejecimiento es uno de los principales retos actuales y el sector de los cuidados es un sector  emergente y estratégico, por su importante potencial de creación de empleo, asociado a la necesidad de dar respuesta a una demanda social que crecerá a un ritmo muy alto. El crecimiento previsto del sector debe acompañarse de un cambio del modelo, apoyado en servicios comunitarios, donde la economía social tiene una oportunidad de desarrollo.Tradicionalmente, los empleos del sector de los cuidados han supuesto una externalización del cuidado familiar y se han caracterizado por escaso valor social, alta precariedad y escasa proyección laboral, lo que hace que el sector sea poco atractivo. En Asturias, el sector cuenta con empresas muy feminizadas, donde las mujeres no solo se enfrentan a restricciones propias del sector, que han sido desplazadas al ámbito rural, sino también a las habituales brechas de género.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, con una visión global complementada con perspectiva de género, cuál es la posición de las empresas de economía social que prestan servicios vinculados a la economía de los cuidados en Asturias. Para ello, se utiliza una metodología mixta, cuantitativa, que caracteriza la participación de las empresas de Economía Social en el sector de los servicios en la región, y cualitativa, a través de entrevistas en profundidad y grupos de discusión, con asociaciones representantes de la demanda y oferta de cuidados, y personas expertas en servicios sociales e innovación social. Los resultados del análisis muestran que la economía social no sólo es decisiva en el nuevo modelo comunitario de cuidados, sino que, además, puede ser una vía para el emprendimiento y el empleo femenino a nivel local, pero se requieren actuaciones para que la participación de estas mujeres en el sector de los cuidados sea exitosa.
Magnesium modulates phospholipid metabolism to promote bacterial phenotypic resistance to antibiotics
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Jun , Kuang Su-fang , Fu Huan-zhe , Lin Hui-ying , Peng Bo
Published: December 2024

Non-inheritable antibiotic or phenotypic resistance ensures bacterial survival during antibiotic treatment. However, exogenous factors promoting phenotypic resistance are poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that
Vibrio alginolyticus
are recalcitrant to killing by a broad spectrum of antibiotics under high magnesium. Functional metabolomics demonstrated that magnesium modulates fatty acid biosynthesis by increasing saturated fatty acid biosynthesis while decreasing unsaturated fatty acid production. Exogenous supplementation of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids increased and decreased bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics, respectively, confirming the role of fatty acids in antibiotic resistance. Functional lipidomics revealed that glycerophospholipid metabolism is the major metabolic pathway remodeled by magnesium, where phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis is reduced and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) production is increased. This process alters membrane composition, increasing membrane polarization, and decreasing permeability and fluidity, thereby reducing antibiotic uptake by
V. alginolyticus
. These findings suggest the presence of a previously unrecognized metabolic mechanism by which bacteria escape antibiotic killing through the use of an environmental factor.
Role of the αC-β4 loop in protein kinase structure and dynamics
Authors: Wu Jian , Jonniya Nisha A , Hirakis Sophia P , Olivieri Cristina , Veglia Gianluigi , Kornev Alexandr P , Taylor Susan S
Published: December 2024

Although the αC-β4 loop is a stable feature of all protein kinases, the importance of this motif as a conserved element of secondary structure, as well as its links to the hydrophobic architecture of the kinase core, has been underappreciated. We first review the motif and then describe how it is linked to the hydrophobic spine architecture of the kinase core, which we first discovered using a computational tool, local spatial Pattern (LSP) alignment. Based on NMR predictions that a mutation in this motif abolishes the synergistic high-affinity binding of ATP and a pseudo substrate inhibitor, we used LSP to interrogate the F100A mutant. This comparison highlights the importance of the αC-β4 loop and key residues at the interface between the N- and C-lobes. In addition, we delved more deeply into the structure of the apo C-subunit, which lacks ATP. While apo C-subunit showed no significant changes in backbone dynamics of the αC-β4 loop, we found significant differences in the side chain dynamics of K105. The LSP analysis suggests disruption of communication between the N- and C-lobes in the F100A mutant, which would be consistent with the structural changes predicted by the NMR spectroscopy.
Daptomycin forms a stable complex with phosphatidylglycerol for selective uptake to bacterial membrane
Authors: Machhua Pragyansree , Unnithan Vignesh Gopalakrishnan , Liu Yu , Jiang Yiping , Zhang Lingfeng , Guo Zhihong
Published: December 2024

Daptomycin is a potent lipopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of live-threatening Gram-positive infections, but the molecular mechanism of its interaction with bacterial membrane remains unclear. Here we show that this interaction is divided into two stages, of which the first is a fast and reversible binding of the drug to phospholipid membrane in milliseconds and the second is a slow and irreversible insertion into membrane in minutes, only in the presence of the bacteria-specific lipid phosphatidylglycerol, to a saturating point where the ratio of the drug to phosphatidylglycerol is 1:2. Fluorescence-based titration showed that the antibiotic simultaneously binds two molecules of phosphatidylglycerol with a nanomolar binding affinity in the presence of calcium ion. The resulting stable complex is easily formed in a test tube and readily isolated from the membrane of drug-treated bacterial cells, strongly supporting a unique drug uptake mechanism in which daptomycin forms a stable multi-component complex with calcium and phosphatidylglycerol. Revelation of this novel uptake mechanism provides fresh insights into the mode of action of daptomycin and paves the way to new strategies to attenuate resistance to the drug.
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 induces host genomic R-loops and preferentially integrates its genome near the R-loop regions
Authors: Park Kiwon , Lee Dohoon , Jeong Jiseok , Lee Sungwon , Kim Sun , Ahn Kwangseog
Published: December 2024

Although HIV-1 integration sites favor active transcription units in the human genome, high-resolution analysis of individual HIV-1 integration sites has shown that the virus can integrate into a variety of host genomic locations, including non-genic regions. The invisible infection by HIV-1 integrating into non-genic regions, challenging the traditional understanding of HIV-1 integration site selection, is more problematic because they are selected for preservation in the host genome during prolonged antiretroviral therapies. Here, we showed that HIV-1 integrates its viral genome into the vicinity of R-loops, a genomic structure composed of DNA-RNA hybrids. VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV-1 infection initiates the formation of R-loops in both genic and non-genic regions of the host genome and preferentially integrates into R-loop-rich regions. Using a HeLa cell model that can independently control transcriptional activity and R-loop formation, we demonstrated that the exogenous formation of R-loops directs HIV-1 integration-targeting sites. We also found that HIV-1 integrase proteins physically bind to the host genomic R-loops. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying retroviral integration and the new strategies for antiretroviral therapy against HIV-1 latent infection.
Molecular determinants of Neu5Ac binding to a tripartite ATP independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporter
Authors: Goyal Parveen , Dhanabalan KanagaVijayan , Scalise Mariafrancesca , Friemann Rosmarie , Indiveri Cesare , Dobson Renwick CJ , Vinothkumar Kutti R , Ramaswamy Subramanian
Published: December 2024

N
-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is a negatively charged nine-carbon amino-sugar that is often the peripheral sugar in human cell-surface glycoconjugates. Some bacteria scavenge, import, and metabolize Neu5Ac or redeploy it on their cell surfaces for immune evasion. The import of Neu5Ac by many bacteria is mediated by tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporters. We have previously reported the structures of SiaQM, a membrane-embedded component of the
Haemophilus influenzae
TRAP transport system, (Currie
et al.,
2024). However, none of the published structures contain Neu5Ac bound to SiaQM. This information is critical for defining the transport mechanism and for further structure-activity relationship studies. Here, we report the structures of
Fusobacterium nucleatum
SiaQM with and without Neu5Ac. Both structures are in an inward (cytoplasmic side) facing conformation. The Neu5Ac-bound structure reveals the interactions of Neu5Ac with the transporter and its relationship with the Na
+
binding sites. Two of the Na
+
-binding sites are similar to those described previously. We identify a third metal-binding site that is further away and buried in the elevator domain. Ser300 and Ser345 interact with the C1-carboxylate group of Neu5Ac. Proteoliposome-based transport assays showed that Ser300-Neu5Ac interaction is critical for transport, whereas Ser345 is dispensable. Neu5Ac primarily interacts with residues in the elevator domain of the protein, thereby supporting the elevator with an operator mechanism. The residues interacting with Neu5Ac are conserved, providing fundamental information required to design inhibitors against this class of proteins.
Challenges Faced by Cashew Processing Industry in Kerala, India: The Perspective of the Firm Owners and the Labourers
Authors: Movidha M, , Thasnimol F , Durga A R, , A Kuruvila, , P G Pratheesh,
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to identify and analyse the constraints faced by the cashew processing unit owners and labourers in Kerala, particularly in the district of Kollam were the cashew industry is prominent. A total of 40 cashew processing units were selected randomly, and three workers were chosen from each unit, resulting in a sample of 160 respondents. Information was gathered from both the unit owners and the workers regarding the major constraints they are facing in the cashew processing. These constraints were ranked using Garrett’s ranking technique. The high processing costs, competition from other cashew-producing nations, and difficulties in maintaining a steady supply of cashew kernels were the major constraints faced by the processing unit owners. While, irregular income, physical strain and health issues, and high debt burden were the important constraints reported by the cashew labourers. The findings highlighted the need to address the critical issues impacting the productivity and sustainability of the cashew industry in Kerala. This study provides valuable insights that can guide policymakers and stakeholders in developing targeted interventions to improve working conditions, financial stability, and operational efficiency in the cashew sector.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Usage Patterns, Patient Factors, and Economic Implications in ICU
Authors: Dharanindra Moturu
Published: December 2024

Background: One of today's most significant public health issues is antibiotic resistance, which is caused by the overuse or abuse of antibiotics. Effective antimicrobial therapy is essential for treating patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), including those with severe sepsis, septic shock, and infections linked to healthcare. This study assesses the economic burden of broad-spectrum antibiotic usage on the overall cost of ICU care.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the ICUs in a tertiary care center, over 1 month.
Results: The gender distribution in the study shows a higher prevalence of male patients (60%) compared to female patients (40%), with a total sample size of 40 patients. Most of the patients were in the age group of 58–68 years (32.5%). The comorbidity scores indicate that a significant proportion of patients had a score of 4 (37.5%), which was also the most frequent score (mode). The most common length of stay was 2 days (mode), and the range extended from 1 to 9 days. Most patients had shorter stays, with 27.5% staying for 2 days and only a small fraction (2.5%) requiring a 9-day stay.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for a careful balance between cost-effective antibiotic treatment and optimal patient care to improve health outcomes and reduce financial strain. It highlights the crucial role of antimicrobial stewardship programs in promoting responsible antibiotic use, curbing resistance, and elevating patient care standards. Investing in diagnostics and educating healthcare providers about their advantages can further refine treatment approaches and long-term patient outcomes, particularly in resource-constrained environments.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Green Gram [Vigna radiata (l.) Wilczek] for Quantitative and Qualitative Traits
Authors: Kumbhar Laxman V. , Bagul Rangnath S. , Shaniware Yogesh A. , Ghule Shubham K. , Girase V. S. , Dhumal Mayur J.
Published: December 2024

The current study, "Assessment of genetic diversity in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] for quantitative and qualitative traits" was carried out during the kharif of 2022 at the College of Agriculture, Dhule. The experimental materials consisted local collection of 42 mungbean genotypes which were evaluated in a randomized block design (RBD) with two replications, representing various eco-geographic regions for twelve different characters and studies of genetic divergence were carried out. The genetic diversity among landraces is determined by the range of D2 values which varied from 44.68 (MG-2022-15 and MG-2022-30) to 1678.53 (MG-2022-18 and MG-2022-31) for each genotype, showing adequate variance. Based on D2 levels, the 42 genotypes were split up into 16 groups with notable genetic differences. Cluster I and III were the largest, with 11 and 10 genotypes each. It was adjacent to Clusters II, which had eight genotypes. Based on inter-cluster means and per se performance, breeding programs may employ the following effective genotypes viz., MG-2022-31, MG-2022-42, MG-2022-21, MG-2022-40, MG-2022-39, MG-2022-14, MG-2022-11, MG-2022-18, MG-2022-02, MG-2022-25, and MG-2022-24 to further enhance grain yield and its contributing characters in mungbean.
Screening of Solanaceous Plants for Resistance and Tolerance to Widespread Begomoviruses in Burkina Faso
Authors: OUATTARA Alassane , SOGOBA Kouka Hamidou , ZOMBRE Cyrille , BAYILI Sonia , KOÏTA Kadidia
Published: December 2024

Solanaceous fruits are economically important and contribute to food security worldwide. Despite this importance, solanaceous crops are confronted with constraints, including begomoviruses. In Burkina Faso, the pepper yellow vein Mali virus (PepYVMLV) and the tomato leaf curl Mali virus (ToLCMLV) have been reported to be the most widespread begomoviruses. They are responsible for leaf deformation and yellowing in Solanaceae crops. The use of resistant/tolerant accessions would be of help in finding suitable solutions. This study aims to contribute to the appropriate and effective management of solanaceous diseases due to begomoviruses. To achieve this objective, an inventory of solanaceous accessions sold and produced in the western region of Burkina Faso and a screening of the preferred accessions were conducted in semi controlled conditions. Our results showed that twenty-seven accessions, including two newly introduced ones, were identified, with Mongal F1, Jaune du Burkina, and Simbad F1 being the most preferred.  Preferred solanaceous plants were monitored for 39 days after whitefly-mediated transmission. The hot pepper Jaune du Burkina exhibited mild symptoms with an infection rate of 66%, while the tomato Mongal F1 and the sweet pepper Simbad F1 showed disease with severe symptoms with infection rates ranging from 33% to 100%. When the behaviors of newly introduced accessions were compared to most preferred accessions, the results indicated that the newly introduced accessions (Mona F1 and Ganga) showed mild symptoms, suggesting potential tolerance despite high infection rates. Howerever, it is suitable to access the impact of viruses on the productivity of these accessions.
Decoding Financial Performance: The Role of Leverage and Market Risk in Indonesia's LQ45
Authors: Budiman Budiman , Margaretha Farah
Published: December 2024

This study examines the determinants of financial performance in LQ45 Index companies from 2018–2022. It focuses on factors such as equity multiplier, interest coverage, financial leverage, fixed charge coverage, debt to EBITDA, capitalization ratio, and market risk. Control variables include company age, sales growth, and firm size. Using multiple regression analysis on data from 48 companies, the study finds that interest coverage, fixed charge coverage, market risk, company age, and sales growth positively impact financial performance, while financial leverage, debt to EBITDA, capitalization ratio, and firm size have a negative effect. The equity multiplier shows no significant influence. The findings suggest maintaining high interest and fixed charge coverage ratios and effective risk management to enhance financial performance. Careful management of high debt to EBITDA levels is necessary to prevent negative impacts. Investors should consider these factors when assessing a company's financial health.
Anbieterwechsel nach Art. 25 Data Act: Was geschieht mit der Vergütungspflicht? — Ein Überblick über den Ablauf des Anbieterwechsels und die währenddessen und danach bestehenden Vergütungspflichten
Authors: Nickel Moritz
Published: December 2024

Art. 25 Data Act (DA) schreibt vor, dass Anbieter von Datenverarbeitungsdiensten ab dem 12.9.2025 in ihren Musterverträgen Regelungen vorsehen müssen, die einen Wechsel zu einem anderen Anbieter ermöglichen. Hierzu stellt die Norm viele konkrete Anforderungen auf, die das Vertragswerk des Diensteanbieters einhalten muss. Für einen aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht entscheidenden Punkt macht Art. 25 DA aber keine in jeder Hinsicht klaren Vorgaben: Wie wirkt sich der Anbieterwechsel auf vereinbarte Vertragslaufzeiten und daraus resultierende Vergütungspflichten aus? Dieser Beitrag stellt zunächst den Ablauf des Anbieterwechsels dar und widmet sich dann der soeben aufgeworfenen Frage.
Die Abgabe von medizinischem Cannabis im System der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung
Authors: Jacoby Saskia
Published: December 2024

Die medizinische Anwendung von Cannabis war bereits vor der Legalisierung im April 2024 umstritten aufgrund der geringen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse und Einordnung als Betäubungsmittel. Die körperlichen und psychischen Auswirkungen werden jedoch erneut aufgrund der Aktualität des Themas diskutiert. Gegenstand dieses Beitrages ist die Einordnung von medizinischem Cannabis im System der GKV.
Online-Glücksspiele und Online-Sportwetten
Authors: Kaune Vincent
Published: December 2024

Bereits seit einigen Jahren befassen sich die deutschen Zivilgerichte wiederholt mit sog. „Spielerklagen“, mit denen die Nutzer von Online-Glücksspielen und Online-Sportwetten die Rückerstattung ihrer verlorenen Spieleinsätze gegenüber dem jeweiligiger Verfahren, die eine „Spielerklage“ zum Gegenstand haben, mit Blick auf zu erwartende Entscheidungen des EuGH in zwei Vorabentscheidungsverfahren angezeigt sein könnte. Der Beitrag geht dieser Frage auf Grundlage aktueller ober- und höchstrichterlicher Rechtsprechung nach und empfiehlt im Sinne einer möglichst einheitlichen Entscheidungspraxis, die derzeit bei den Gerichten anhängigen „Spielerklagen“ bis zu den Entscheidungen des EuGH auszusetzen.
The HSP90/Akt pathway may mediate artemether‐induced apoptosis of Cal27 cells
Authors: Wu Jianhua , Li Lei , Wang Yiting , Ren Xiaobin , Lin Ken , He Yongwen
Published: August 2019

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in oral and maxillofacial regions. Recent research has found that artemether can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of cancer cells, although the mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to explore the correlation between the HSP90/Akt pathway and artemether‐induced apoptosis of Cal27 cells. A cell counting kit‐8 and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of Cal27 cells, respectively, mRNA expression was examined by quantitative RT‐PCR, and protein expression was detected by western blotting. Our data revealed that artemether can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of Cal27 cells. As the artemether concentration was increased, we observed downregulation of the expression of HSP90, p‐Akt and p‐mTOR in Cal27 cells, whereas the expression of Akt was not significantly changed. We also observed a time‐dependent decrease in the expression of HSP90, p‐Akt and p‐mTOR during exposure to 0.1 mg·mL−1 artemether. In conclusion, the HSP90/Akt pathway may be involved in artemether‐induced apoptosis of Cal27 cells.
The clinical prognostic significance of ezrin in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Feng , Yu Tao , Ma Chengbin , Zhang Haifei , Zhang Zhiyu
Published: August 2019

Ezrin is a member of the ezrin–radixin–moesin (ERM) protein family and has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with a variety of solid tumors. However, the clinical prognostic significance of ezrin in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas remains unclear. Here, we performed a systematic meta‐analysis by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library Database, EMBASE, the Web of Science, and the CBM, WanFang Med Online and CNKI databases. In total, 19 studies with a total of 1316 bone and soft tissue sarcoma patients were included. Pooled analyses showed that ezrin overexpression was correlated with a higher rate of tumor metastasis (OR 6.59, 95% CI: 2.84–15.33, P < 0.01, PFDR < 0.01) and recurrence (OR 3.18, 95% CI: 1.88–5.37, P < 0.01, PFDR < 0.01) and a more advanced tumor grade (OR 3.252, 95% CI: 1.371–7.715, P = 0.01, PFDR = 0.03). Moreover, elevated ezrin expression could predict poor OS (HR 3.02, 95% CI: 2.35–3.89, P < 0.01, PFDR < 0.01), MFS (HR 5.22, 95% CI: 2.08–13.08, P < 0.01, PFDR < 0.01), and EFS (HR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11, P < 0.01, PFDR < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed the underlying sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was observed in the analysis of metastasis. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were robust. Our findings indicated that ezrin overexpression was significantly correlated with poor survival and more advanced tumor progression in bone and soft tissue sarcomas, which suggests that ezrin might be a valuable prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target.
Binding Immunoglobulin Protein (BIP) Inhibits TNF‐α–Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Systemic Bone Loss in an Erosive Arthritis Model
Authors: Zaiss Mario M. , Hall Christopher , McGowan Neil W. A. , Babb Rebecca , Devlia Vikesh , Lucas Sébastien , Meghji Sajeda , Henderson Brian , Bozec Aline , Schett Georg , David Jean‐Pierre , Panayi Gabriel S. , Grigoriadis Agamemnon E. , Corrigall Valerie M.
Published: August 2019

Objective

The association between inflammation and dysregulated bone remodeling is apparent in rheumatoid arthritis and is recapitulated in the human tumor necrosis factor transgenic (hTNFtg) mouse model. We investigated whether extracellular binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) would protect the hTNFtg mouse from both inflammatory arthritis as well as extensive systemic bone loss and whether BiP had direct antiosteoclast properties in vitro.

Methods

hTNFtg mice received a single intraperitoneal administration of BiP at onset of arthritis. Clinical disease parameters were measured weekly. Bone analysis was performed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry. Mouse bone marrow macrophage and human peripheral blood monocyte precursors were used to study the direct effect of BiP on osteoclast differentiation and function in vitro. Monocyte and osteoclast signaling was analyzed by Western blotting, flow cytometry, and imaging flow cytometry.

Results

BiP‐treated mice showed reduced inflammation and cartilage destruction, and histomorphometric analysis revealed a decrease in osteoclast number with protection from systemic bone loss. Abrogation of osteoclast function was also observed in an ex vivo murine calvarial model. BiP inhibited differentiation of osteoclast precursors and prevented bone resorption by mature osteoclasts in vitro. BiP also induced downregulation of CD115/c‐Fms and Receptor Activator of NF‐κB (RANK) messenger RNA and protein, causing reduced phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen–activated protein kinases, extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1/2 and p38, with suppression of essential osteoclast transcription factors, c‐Fos and NFATc1. BiP directly inhibited TNF‐α– or Receptor Activator of NF–κB Ligand (RANKL)–induced NF‐κB nuclear translocation in THP‐1 monocytic cells and preosteoclasts by the canonical and noncanonical pathways.

Conclusion

BiP combines an anti‐inflammatory function with antiosteoclast activity, which establishes it as a potential novel therapeutic for inflammatory disorders associated with bone loss.
Catalytic Transfer Hydrodebenzylation with Low Palladium Loading
Authors: Yakukhnov Sergey A. , Ananikov Valentine P.
Published: August 2019

A highly‐efficient catalytic system for hydrodebenzylation reaction is described. The cleavage of O‐benzyl and N‐benzyl protecting groups was performed using an uncommonly low palladium loading (0.02–0.3 mol%; TON up to 5000) in a relatively short reaction time. The approach was used for a variety of substrates including pharmaceutically important precursors, and gram‐scale deprotection reaction was shown. Transfer conditions together with easy‐to‐make Pd/C catalyst are the key features of this debenzylation scheme.

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Palladium Nanoparticles‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Indanone Derivatives via Intramolecular Reductive Heck Reaction
Authors: Parveen Naziya , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: August 2019

An efficient protocol for the straightforward, single‐step synthesis of 3‐aryl‐1‐indanones from 2′‐iodochalcone via reductive Heck reaction using phosphine free, stable and reusable binaphthyl stabilized palladium nanoparticle (Pd‐BNP) as a catalyst has been described. An immense array of substrate scope with electron‐rich and deficient 2′‐iodochalcones have been synthesized. Further derivatization of product indanones have been achieved successfully. The heterogeneous nature of the Pd‐BNP has been validated by centrifugation test and mercury poisoning experiment. Pd‐BNP has been successfully recycled up to 5 cycles without any significant loss in reaction yield and particle size of nanoparticles, confirmed by TEM analysis.

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Imaging gradual neurodegeneration in a basal ganglia model disease
Authors: Hanssen Henrike , Prasuhn Jannik , Heldmann Marcus , Diesta Cid C. , Domingo Aloysius , Göttlich Martin , Blood Anne J. , Rosales Raymond L. , Jamora Roland D. G. , Münte Thomas F. , Klein Christine , Brüggemann Norbert
Published: August 2019

Objective

X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative disease with adult onset dystonia and subsequent parkinsonism. Postmortem and imaging studies revealed remarkable striatal pathology, with a predominant involvement of the striosomal compartment in the early phase. Here, we aimed to disentangle sequential neurodegeneration in the striatum of XDP patients, provide evidence for preferential loss of distinct striatal areas in the early phase, and investigate whether iron accumulation is present.

Methods

We used multimodal structural magnetic resonance imaging (voxel‐based morphometry and relaxometry) in 18 male XDP patients carrying a TAF1 mutation and 19 age‐matched male controls.

Results

Voxel‐based relaxometry and morphometry revealed (1) a cluster in the anteromedial putamen showing high iron content and severe atrophy (−55%) and (2) a cluster with reduced relaxation rates as a marker for increased water levels and a lower degree of atrophy (−20%) in the dorsolateral putamen. Iron deposition correlated with the degree of atrophy (ρ = −0.585, p = 0.011) and disease duration (ρ = 0.632, p = 0.005) in the anteromedial putamen. In the dorsolateral putamen, sensorimotor putamen atrophy correlated with disease severity (ρ = −0.649, p = 0.004).

Interpretation

This multimodal approach identified a patchy pattern of atrophy within the putamen. Atrophy is advanced and associated with iron accumulation in rostral regions of the striatum, whereas neurodegeneration is moderate and still ongoing in dorsolateral areas. Given the short disease duration and predominant dystonic phenotype, these results are well in line with early and preferential degeneration of striosome‐rich striatal areas in XDP. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:517–526
Amylin as a potential link between type 2 diabetes and alzheimer disease
Authors: Martinez‐Valbuena Ivan , Valenti‐Azcarate Rafael , Amat‐Villegas Irene , Riverol Mario , Marcilla Irene , de Andrea Carlos E. , Sánchez‐Arias Juan Antonio , del Mar Carmona‐Abellan Maria , Marti Gloria , Erro Maria‐Elena , Martínez‐Vila Eduardo , Tuñon Maria‐Teresa , Luquin Maria‐Rosario
Published: August 2019

Objective

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, and although its etiology remains unclear, it seems that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other prediabetic states of insulin resistance could contribute to the appearance of sporadic AD. As such, we have assessed whether tau and β‐amyloid (Aβ) deposits might be present in pancreatic tissue of subjects with AD, and whether amylin, an amyloidogenic protein deposited in the pancreas of T2DM patients, might accumulate in the brain of AD patients.

Methods

We studied pancreatic and brain tissue from 48 individuals with no neuropathological alterations and from 87 subjects diagnosed with AD. We examined Aβ and tau accumulation in the pancreas as well as that of amylin in the brain. Moreover, we performed proximity ligation assays to ascertain whether tau and/or Aβ interact with amylin in either the pancreas or brain of these subjects.

Results

Cytoplasmic tau and Aβ protein deposits were detected in pancreatic β cells of subjects with AD as well as in subjects with a normal neuropathological examination but with a history of T2DM and in a small cohort of control subjects without T2DM. Furthermore, we found amylin deposits in the brain of these subjects, providing histological evidence that amylin can interact with Aβ and tau in both the pancreas and hippocampus.

Interpretation

The presence of both tau and Aβ inclusions in pancreatic β cells, and of amylin deposits in the brain, provides new evidence of a potential overlap in the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of T2DM and AD. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:539–551