bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Formative Assessment in Human Anatomy Practical Sessions: Medical Students’ Perception and Effect on Final Exam Performance
Authors: Atwa Hani Salem , Potu Bhagath Kumar , Fadel Raouf Abdelrahman , Deifalla Abdelhalim Salem , Fatima Ayesha , Othman Manal Ahmed , Sarwani Nasir Abdul Latif , El-Din Wael Amin Nasr
Published: December 2023

Background
Formative assessment with feedback is part of the assessment program in medical education to improve students' learning. Limited research has focused on its application and impact on practical anatomy education.
Method
This study aimed to examine medical students' perceptions of formative assessment conducted after practical anatomy sessions of integrated body systems-based educational units and explore its influence on their final practical exam performance. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. Data was collected from Year 2 medical students through an author-made survey that addressed their perception of the process and importance of formative assessment and feedback during practical anatomy sessions. The survey employed a 5-point Likert scale. Two additional open-ended questions were appended at the end of the survey. Students’ performance in Unit 3 (where formative assessment was conducted) was compared to their performance in Unit 2 (where no formative assessment was conducted) and with the performance of the previous academic year’s students in Unit 3 (where no formative assessment was conducted). Descriptive statistics were used, and the level of statistical significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. Responses to open-ended questions (qualitative data) were counted, categorized as themes, and presented as frequencies and percentages.
Results
The survey showed high internal consistency and its validity was established through exploratory factor analysis that yielded a single factor. The results showed that the mean mark for the unit with formative assessment and feedback was significantly higher than for the units without formative assessment and feedback. The students had a positive perception of formative assessment and feedback conducted after practical anatomy sessions. The students reported useful insights regarding the benefits they gained from formative assessment and feedback as well as constructive suggestions for improvements for the future.
Conclusions
The study findings indicate that the students positively perceived formative assessment and feedback sessions after practical anatomy sessions. The findings also refer to a possible positive effect of such formative assessment on students’ performance in summative practical assessment in anatomy.
CHAPTER: Gravitational Field Data Modeling and Interpretation
Authors: Taha Abdelhafiz Gadelmula , Muhammed Hussein
Published: December 2023

In order to interpret observed earth gravitational field, it is assumed that the surface is homogenous and the gravity fluctuation occurs only underground. A number of corrections of the data is applied to compensate for these fluctuations before modelling is performed. Gravity data in the form of Bouguer anomaly is obtained by correcting the measured gravity for the effects of latitude and topography and other minor corrections that allows for a clearer view of subsurface density. Variations in Bouguer Anomalies provide crucial information about the variations in earths subsurface rock distributions. Gravitational-field interpretation involve the qualitative and quantitative analysis of gravity data to derive reasonable and acceptable models that provide valuable insights into Earth's subsurface which in turn supports geological exploration results and resource assessment. The Bouguer gravity is analysed and modelled to estimate density-depth distribution. Examples of applications in geotechnical, petroleum, groundwater, regional crustal and tectonic models using different 2D and3D soft wares were provided here.
Blind Color Image Watermarking using Deep Artificial Neural Network using statistical features
Authors: Pandey Manoj Kumar , Jaiswal Sushma
Published: December 2023

With increasing digital content over the internet it is very important to secure the digital contents in such a way that the identity and integrity of data is preserved in some way. The healthcare data is also a digital content which is important and this paper presents a methodology for copyright protection and authorship. In order to achieve a balance between imperceptibility and robustness a robust watermarking scheme is proposed using deep artificial neural network (DNN) and lifting wavelet transform. YIQ color model is utilized for image watermarking and statistical features have been obtained for creating training and testing set. Here watermark extraction is done as a binary classification technique and PCA is utilized for reducing the feature set. Ten standard images have been used for image watermarking and for threshold value 0.3 it shows the average imperceptibility of 51.08 dB and shows good robustness under various image attacks.
Data-driven Approach to Age Prediction on Patients Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases Using Machine Learning: National Health and Nutrition Health Survey (Nhanes)
Authors: Abbas Irfan
Published: December 2023

Background
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are two of the main causes of death in the United States. Identifying and predicting these diseases in patients is the first step towards stopping their progression. We evaluate the capabilities of machine learning models in detecting at-risk patients using survey data (and laboratory results), and identify key variables within the data contributing to these diseases among the patients.
Methods
Our research explores data-driven approaches which utilize supervised machine learning models to identify patients with such diseases. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset, we conduct an exhaustive search of all available feature variables within the data to develop models for cardiovascular, prediabetes, and diabetes detection. Using different time-frames and feature sets for the data (based on laboratory data), multiple machine learning models (Support vector machines and adaptive boosting) were evaluated on their classification performance. The models were then combined to develop a weighted ensemble model, capable of leveraging the performance of the disparate models to improve detection accuracy. Information gain of tree-based models was used to identify the key variables within the patient data that contributed to the detection of at-risk patients in each of the diseases classes by the data-learned models.
Results
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are two of the leading causes of death in the United States. Detecting and predicting these diseases in patients is the first step to halting their progression. In this study, it was used Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) together as prediction. The purpose of this study was to knowing whether AdaBoost SVM could produce good accuracy. Tests were conducted using 50% data training and 50% data testing. Dot kernel were used to SVM. The highest accuracy value of AdaBoost SVM was accuracy 98.54%. Therefore it could be that AdaBoost can improve the performance of SVM in prediction of CVD desease severity
Conclusion
We conclude machine learned models based on survey questionnaire can provide an automated identification mechanism for patients at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. We also identify key contributors to the prediction, which can be further explored for their implications on electronic health records.
An assessment of nutrition information on front of pack labels and healthiness of Cereals and products in Vanuatu retail market
Authors: Shadrack Ronick , Kotra Krishna K , Livu Leyanni , Tari Daniel , Tabi Hancy
Published: December 2023

Nutrient profiling of front of pack labels is described as the science of ranking foods based on their nutrient content. It is fast becoming the basis for regulating nutrition labels, health claims, and marketing and advertising, especially for child and medicinal products. Survey of imported food nutritional facts is a primary monitoring tool for product quality evaluation prior to facts finding laboratory testing. Vanuatu, a South Pacific Island country depend on imports for its cereals needs, however there has been longstanding concerns over low quality and non-nutrient products with misleading labels. To evaluate this, a survey on nutritional quality on the food labels was conducted on cereals and products sold in retail market in Port Vila to qualitatively assess the nutrient profile. The survey aims to capture the availability of nutrient information on product, most common nutrient information on facts sheets and to qualify food based on the criteria of Food and Drugs Administration of the United States. Front-of pack labels on each cereal product were taken by a tablet device and manually entered into a database. The data was treated in a two-way randomized block design to evaluate presence of each nutrient, most common nutrient, and content of each nutrient on front of pack labels. Results revealed six significant and most common nutrient on cereals and products such as Energy, Protein, Fats, Carbohydrate, Sugar, Sodium and Saturated Fats compared to mineral, vitamins and other factors (P < 0.05). Over 70% of cereals and products having sugar, sodium and saturated fats (14.40 ± 15.65 g, 371.67 ± 278.75 mg and 6.61 ± 5.76 g respectively) beyond the FDA maximum limits of 2.5 g, 230 mg and 1 g. In light of these findings, authorities may require including and strengthening food quality monitoring programs to ensure supplies are within safe limits. Further research into developing a healthy food criteria model is recommended.
Grades of Poorly Differentiated Clusters are Associated with Lymph Node and the Tumour, Node and Metastasis Stages in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Perak, Malaysia, Kerisnon@Krishnan Thanamogan ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Mohtarrudin Norhafizah ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Wan Yaacob Wan Azura ,   Department of Pathology, Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Hussin Huzlinda ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: December 2023

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. In Malaysia, CRC is most prevalent among males and the second most common cancer among females. The CRC arises mainly from the adenocarcinoma sequence. Poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) and tumour budding (TB) are believed to represent sequential steps in tumour growth. Therefore, this study analysed the association between PDC grades with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics of CRC. Methods: A total of 47 CRC cases previously diagnosed by histopathological examination were reviewed for the presence of PDCs and graded accordingly. The association between PDC grades with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics was statistically analysed. Results: Out of the 47 cases with PDCs, most of them were of grade 3 (G3) (n = 27, 57.4%), followed by grade 2 (G2) (n = 13, 27.7%) and grade 1 (G1) (n = 7, 14.9%). Higher PDC grades (G2 and G3) were mainly observed in higher tumour stage (T); T3 (n = 26, 83.9%), T4 (n = 12, 92.3%), N1 (n = 20, 86.9%), N2 (n = 15, 100%). In addition, there was a significant association between PDC grades with the nodal stage (N) (P = 0.013) and the tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) stages (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The PDC grades are useful for assessing the disease prognosis in CRC. A statistically significant association between PDC grades with N and TNM stages suggested that PDC grades are potential predictive parameters for invasive and metastatic risks in CRC.
Upper Extremity Functional Status in Patients with Chronic Tetraplegia in Universiti Malaya Medical Centre
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Sundrasegaran Punithamalar , Engkasan Julia Patrick ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2023

Background: Persons with tetraplegia rank improved upper extremity (UE) function as the most important rehabilitation outcome because it allows them greater independence in activities of daily living (ADL). The aim of this study was to describe UE status in patients with tetraplegia using the International Spinal Cord Injury Upper Extremity Basic Data Set version 1.1 (ISCI-UE 1.1) and to determine differences in UE status between tetraplegic individuals with traumatic and non-traumatic SCIs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with tetraplegia who attended the SCI rehabilitation clinic of a tertiary hospital from September 2021 to August 2022. Both upper limbs were assessed using ISCI-UE 1.1. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study, of whom 80 were men. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 54.30 (16.95) years old. In these patients, most SCIs (62%) were of traumatic origin. Two hundred UEs were evaluated, of which 109 showed good hand function (level 5) and 10 had the poorest hand function (level 1). Meanwhile, 130 UEs showed good shoulder function (level D) and 10 had the poorest shoulder function (level A). A statistically significant association with UE status (reach-and-grasp ability and shoulder function) was found in both the non-traumatic and traumatic SCI groups, with better hand and shoulder functions in the non-traumatic SCI group (right-hand, P = 0.004 and left hand, P = 0.001; right shoulder, P < 0.001 and left shoulder, P = 0.002). Conclusion: ISCI-UE 1.1 is a feasible tool for documenting UE function in patients with tetraplegia. Compared with the individuals with traumatic SCI in this study, those with non-traumatic SCI demonstrated better upper extremity functionality.
The Franklin Large Igneous Province and Snowball Earth Initiation
Authors: Macdonald Francis A. , Swanson-Hysell Nicholas L.
Published: December 2023

Large igneous provinces (LIPs) can potentially cause cooling on tens- to thousand-year timescales via injection of sulfur aerosols to the tropo-sphere, and on million-year timescales due to the increase of global weatherability. The ca. 719-Ma Franklin LIP preceded onset of the Sturtian Snowball Earth glaciation by less than two million years, consistent with CO2 drawdown due to weathering of Ca- and Mg-rich LIP basalts, which may have contributed to cooling past a critical runaway ice-albedo threshold. A relatively cool background climate state and Franklin LIP emplacement near a continental margin in the warm wet tropics may have been critical factors for pushing the Earth’s climate past the threshold of runaway glaciation.
Impactos da Pandemia em Alimentos e Agricultura: Estratégias mitigadoras no contexto do PNAE do município de Coimbra/MG, Brasil
Authors: Cal Bastos Rosária , De Souza Gustavo Bruno Pereira , De Loreto Maria das Dores Saraiva
Published: December 2023

Nesse momento de pandemia questiona-se se o PNAE estaria conseguindo atender às questões que norteiam a sua efetivação em termos de segurança alimentar e apoio à agricultura familiar, posto que uma das muitas consequências das ações necessárias de combate à crise sanitária tem sido a ruptura da cadeia de suprimentos e a logística de atendimento. Diante disso, objetivou-se examinar as estratégias adotadas pelo público envolvido com o PNAE para mitigar os problemas e desafios vivenciados com a pandemia no município de Coimbra, Estado de Minas Gerais, Região Sudeste do Brasil. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso, cujos dados foram coletados mediante entrevista por intermédio de roteiros semiestruturados. Os resultados sugerem que as mudanças institucionais no arranjo do PNAE, realizadas pelos agentes proponentes da política, foram fundamentais no sentido de permitir a execução dessa política em Coimbra, desenvolvendo estratégias que possibilitaram assegurar assistência, mesmo que mínima, aos beneficiários da política.
A Tutela da Saúde e a Atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal na questão do custeio de leitos de UTI pela união: Ativismo judicial?
Authors: Matta Vanessa Maia de Queiroz , Rosa e Silva Tulio Macedo , Tavares Amanda Drumond
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo busca refletir a respeito da judicialização do direito à saúde no contexto da pandemia causada pelo coronavírus (Covid-19). O trabalho está dividido em quatro partes. No início, será abordada a positivação do direito fundamental à saúde no âmbito internacional e, em seguida, no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Após, tratar-se-á dos direitos sociais como direito subjetivo a prestações estatais e do aumento da judicialização dos casos relacionados à garantia do direito à saúde. Por fim, serão expostos os julgamentos do Supremo Tribunal Federal relacionados ao direito à saúde, com ênfase na questão do custeio dos leitos de UTI pela União durante o ápice da pandemia, notadamente nos anos de 2020 e 2021. Objetiva-se, portanto, discorrer sobre a atuação do poder Judiciário no contexto da pandemia ocasionada pelos casos de coronavírus. Será utilizado o método dedutivo, que procura compreender a decisão jurisprudencial e seus impactos; a pesquisa será bibliográfica e o estudo terá finalidade qualitativa, pois busca-se como resultado a apresentação do tratamento jurídico destinado ao caso do custeio dos leitos de UTI pelos entes federados com base em todo escopo legal que protege o direito à saúde e à vida.
Trabalho e Integração Regional Mercosul: Um Estudo sobre Trabalhadores Uruguaios na fronteira sul do Brasil
Authors: Barboza Silvio de Freitas , Oltramari Andrea Poleto , Granato Leonardo
Published: December 2023

Este estudo objetivou compreender alguns aspectos das relações de trabalho de fronteiriços uruguaios na cidade-gêmea de Santana do Livramento (RS), a partir da percepção de diferentes agentes, inclusive institucionais. Para tanto, valeu-se de uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza qualitativa. A Instância do Político, de Fischer (1992) e o tema da Integração Regional Mercosul inspiraram os objetivos de pesquisa, proporcionando uma abordagem interdisciplinar no tratamento da temática. A análise dos relatos evidenciou que alguns trabalhadores têm sido recrutados sem o devido registro dos seus contratos de trabalho, mediante práticas de dominação e subordinação que invisibilizam as suas reais condições de trabalho e de vida, realidade empírica que lança maiores luzes sobre os estudos da precarização no trabalho. A pesquisa ainda destaca a relevância dos aspectos informais para compreensão das relações de trabalho e de suas manifestações em determinada formação social, contextualizando o aporte teórico de Fischer (1992). Com relação à temática da Integração Regional, além de avançar nos estudos sobre o trabalho no Mercosul, a realidade de pesquisa reforça a necessidade de se pensar a dimensão social e cidadã da integração, com políticas públicas que visem ao combate à situação de abandono social desses trabalhadores.
Uso da via pública por mulheres: Potencialidades da requalificação urbana
Authors: Casadei Juliana de Mendonça , Bertuzzi Felipe Buller , Machado Flávia Palhares , Le Bourlegat Cleonice Alexandre , Coutinho Dolores Pereira Ribeiro
Published: December 2023

Vias urbanas seguras, acessíveis e inclusivas para mulheres, aproximam-se das metas estabelecidas nas agendas de desenvolvimento global. O centro de Campo Grande/MS tem sido alvo de um programa de revitalização. Uma dessas ações foi a requalificação da Rua 14 de Julho, importante via comercial, com elevada circulação feminina, comprovada por dados de contagem de fluxo de pedestres, cujas intervenções físicas adotaram elementos considerados como necessidades e expectativas femininas. O presente estudo analisa a requalificação de vias, a partir desse case, como potencial alternativa de uso e apropriação por mulheres que vivenciam a cidade a pé. Esta análise foi realizada a partir das ferramentas de contagem e mapeamento, devidamente ajustadas ao contexto da cidade e da via pública requalificada, que serviu de objeto para este estudo. Foi possível constatar diversas iniciativas na requalificação da Rua 14 de julho, que expressam a preocupação com a inclusão das mulheres no seu uso e apropriação por meio dos deslocamentos pedonais.
Inovação nas cadeias de ciclo curto: Um estudo comparativo entre as feiras livres de Paragominas, Pará
Authors: Alencar Keila Roberta de Carvalho , Silva David Costa Correia , Azevedo Júnior Wladimir Colman de , Rodrigues Marcos
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a adoção de inovações no processo de comercialização e gestão pelos feirantes do município de Paragominas, Pará, evidenciando se há diferenças entre as feiras locais. Para compreender a dinâmica de comercialização e inovação nas feiras livres empregou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo. Foram realizadas coleta de dados por meio de questionários com os feirantes do município. Um conjunto de variáveis que representam a inovação pelos feirantes foi reduzido em um grupo menor de componentes mediante a Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE), utilizando a rotação ortogonal Varimax. A partir dos escores fatoriais para cada componente foi estimado um Índice de Inovação dos Feirantes (IFF) para determinar o grau de adoção de inovação entre os entrevistados. Os resultados demonstram que os feirantes participantes do projeto “Hoje tem Feira” possuem melhores índices de inovação, considerando o apoio que este grupo recebe de organizações externas. Novos métodos de recebimento das vendas, formas de comunicação com clientes, participação em cursos e uso de tecnologias de informação são mais predominantes entre estes feirantes. Conclui-se que o processo de inovação nas feiras permite tanto a melhoria da gestão como também a atração de novos clientes por meio de oferta de produtos e serviços de forma diferenciada, e que o apoio de organizações externas facilita a adoção de tais inovações.
Unexpected contribution of cloud seeding to NPP increase during drought
Authors: Lee Munseok , Yoo Chulsang , Chang Ki-Ho
Published: December 2023

Cloud seeding is generally used to secure additional water resources, which is not an easy goal to achieve, as the spatial variability of rainfall is high. Instead, the increased rain may moisten the neighboring forest. This study focuses on this situation and estimates the possible increase in the net primary production (NPP) due to cloud seeding. This study considers the Boryeong Dam basin in Korea as a study area and uses the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA) model to estimate the NPP at 8-day intervals. As a result, first, the increase of the current 8-day NPP is greater when the rainfall amount during the last 16-day period is 50 mm or more. The mean increase of the 8-day NPP is estimated at about 1.873 g/m2 of carbon. Second, the increase of the NPP with the target 16-day rainfall of 50 mm is estimated at about 3%, which is about 4% with the target 16-day rainfall of 100 mm. Simply extrapolating the derived result to the entire forest in Korea, the increased carbon accumulation can be extended to about 0.6 and 0.8% of the total carbon emission in 2018, respectively. These amounts correspond to about 1.2 and 1.5% of the target amount of carbon reduction by 2030 in Korea.
Impact of climate change on irrigation water requirements for coffee plants in the fruit development stage: a case study of Dak Lak and Gia Lai provinces in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
Authors: Tran Lap Quoc
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the impact of climate change on the irrigation water requirements for coffee plants in the fruit development stage in Gia Lai and Dak Lak provinces, Vietnam. Observation data were collected from four meteorological stations, namely, An Khe, Pleiku, Buon Ma Thuot, and Buon Ho. To simulate future scenarios, five CMIP6 models (BBC-CSM2-MR, CanESM5, GFDL-ESM4, MIROC6, and MPIESM1.2-HR) were used with the SSP24.5 scenario for the years 2030-2049 and 20802099. The irrigation water requirements were calculated by the Cropwat model version 8.0. For 2030-2049, the simulation results of BCC-CSM2-MR at An Khe showed the highest increase of approximately 90 mm, while CanESM5 displayed only a 4 mm rise. On the other hand, both MIROC6 and MPI-ESM1.2-HR indicated a slight reduction, ranging from 4 to 10 mm at all stations. For 20802099, the BBC-CSM2-MR model at An Khe recorded the highest increase of 100 mm, whereas the GFDL-ESM4 model showed a decline of 90 mm at Buon Ho. Other models showed a fluctuation increase from 40 to 60 mm. This means that climate change has a significant impact on the irrigation water requirements for coffee plants in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.
Research on optimal allocation of flow and head in cascade pumping stations based on Harris hawks optimization
Authors: Hou Xiaopeng , Zhang Leike , Liu Xiaolian , Wang Xueni , Tian Yu , Deng Xianyu , Ye Chen
Published: December 2023

To address the problems of massive energy consumption and low operating efficiency in cascade pumping stations (CPSs), an optimized scheduling model for CPSs with water flow and head constraints was constructed in this study. The Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm was employed to solve this model owing to its excellent performance in the field of engineering majorization. Based on this model, an optimal scheduling method for CPSs was proposed and applied to the three-stage pumping station system. The results demonstrate that the optimization schemes based on the HHO algorithm can improve the operational efficiency and annual cost savings under three different pumping flow conditions by 0.16, 0.55, and 0.56%, reducing the annual operating cost by ¥22,703, ¥74,581, and ¥75,356, respectively, relative to the currently used schemes. These results are better than those obtained by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA). Furthermore, in terms of computational time, the optimization method with the HHO algorithm can show an improvement of 8.94–29.74% compared with those of PSO and GA, verifying the feasibility and efficiency of the HHO algorithm in the optimal scheduling for CPSs. Therefore, the proposed method is effective at solving the scheduling problem of CPSs.
Em defesa do ensino
Authors: Coppi Luiz Antonio Callegari
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por intuito contrastar à subjetividade que emerge da lida cada vez mais prolongada com os algoritmos digitais características daquilo que Jan Masschelein e Maarten Simons atribuem à escola. Para tanto, opomos a possibilidade de sair de si – ou seja, a "suspensão" – e a de viver um mundo comum – a "profanação" – oferecida aos alunos pela skholé ao que a pesquisadora Fernanda Bruno enxerga como o "sequestro do futuro" e o "confisco do comum", efeitos quase inevitáveis do modelo de negócios das redes sociais. Além disso, ao fim do texto, recorremos à etimologia de "ensinar" a fim de inferir algumas possibilidades de ação docente em meio ao cenário contemporâneo. Ensinar, como queremos defender, é in-signare, é colocar signos, o que pressupõe, por um lado, o reconhecimento de que o mundo e a realidade (e, portanto, os conteúdos ensinados) não são autoevidentes e, por outro, uma disposição para a criação de algo comum, comunicável – essas duas dimensões, a nosso ver, são fundamentais para uma escola que faça frente à subjetividade algorítmica.
Pareceristas Ad-Hoc
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: December 2023

Pareceristas Ad-Hoc
Model Perwujudan Good Faith (Asas Itikad Baik) Dalam Pemberantasan Mafia Tanah Terhadap Peralihan dan Pendaftaran Hak Atas Tanah Di Indonesia
Authors: Laila Fathul
Published: December 2023

Land actually provides a peaceful place where humans are born, live their lives, until they die and are buried together with nature, but land can have a winding history with all the tragic dramas and euphoria including the drama of land seizures both among individual communities and forced seizures by the State in terms of stripping property rights, land expropriation or land dispossession, as well as forced seizures, namely unilateral recognition of land, land appropriation where all become life dramas that flow blood and tears. The purpose of this research is to analyze the model of the realization of good faith in the eradication of the land mafia against the transfer and registration of land rights in Indonesia. The model of handling crimes in the land sector, especially related to the rise of the land mafia, can be done preventively and repressively in which the handling requires cooperation with various parties including the Police (Anti Land Mafia Task Force), the Attorney General's Office, the Supreme Court, the Judicial Commission, and others. It takes a deep awareness and a noble inner attitude and must always be held firmly by all stake holders as an effort to create a high moral attitude, avoid despicable acts, uphold the values of honesty, truth, and justice in order to realize the guarantee of legal certainty that is fair to land rights throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia so that the essence of good faith in the transfer and registration of land rights is interpreted as providing protection for the values to be maintained by the laws and regulations in contractual relations due to the legal act of transferring rights / transferring land rights before PPAT.
Spinoza on the Wise and the Free
Authors: Nadler Steven
Published: December 2023

This paper is a response to Sanem Soyarslan’s objections to my reading of Spinoza’s free person (homo liber). She argues that on my interpretation the free person, unlike the wise person (vir sapiens), while subject to passive affects, does not experience bondage to the passions; and so only the latter, but not the former, can serve as a viable “model of human nature.” I argue that, in fact, the free person and the wise person are, for Spinoza, one and the same indiviual, and thus constitute a single ideal model that we can more or less closely approximate.
From Thinking as Property to Thinking in Common: A Note on the Vocabulary of Appropriation in Martin Lenz’ “Socializing Minds”
Authors: Eichhorn Ivo
Published: December 2023

That we think our own thoughts and that in thinking these thoughts we are with ourselves, independent of others, is a persistent belief. Martin Lenz unsettles this belief in his volume “Socializing Minds” by showing how Spinoza, Locke and Hume already envisioned and to a certain extent conceptualized more relational or intersubjective ways of how we think. Especially his reconstruction of Spinoza’s theory of the mind as a “metaphysical model” goes far in laying the ground for a strong relational account of mental activities. This short commentary is guided by the assumption that a critical reading of certain terms, can help to strengthen such an endeavor. It examines the notion of appropriation and its connection to property in the construction of the subject to be found in the margins of Lenz’s chapter on Spinoza as a Lockean trace, which risks precluding the philosophical and political alternative Spinoza’s anti-dualism has to offer. Finally, one such alternative tendency in Spinoza’s philosophy is envisaged, which could strengthen Lenz’s account.
Diversidad, estructura y regeneración del bosque de Abies religiosa en una zona de hibernación de la mariposa monarca del centro de México
Authors: Zepeda Gómez Carmen , Estrada Zuñiga María Elena , Burrola Aguilar Cristina , Manjarrez Javier , White Olascoaga Laura
Published: December 2023

Los bosques de Abies son uno de los ecosistemas más amenazados de México, los más extensos están en la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana y algunos constituyen el hábitat invernal de la mariposa monarca. Para determinar la diversidad, estructura y regeneración del bosque de oyamel de un área protegida donde arriba la mariposa monarca, se establecieron cuadrantes para tomar datos dasométricos y evaluar las poblaciones de los árboles y arbustos. Se identificaron 36 especies de plantas leñosas, la cobertura de muestreo estimada fue Ĉm = 99.7%. Asteraceae fue la familia más rica y predominante entre los brinzales, Pinaceae dominó entre los latizales y fustales. La flora presentó homogeneidad en su abundancia y un valor de Shannon-Weiner = 3.2. Los brinzales mostraron el mayor N0 y N1 de las series de Hill, y los fustales el menor N0 y el mayor N2. Las distribuciones por clases de altura y diámetro revelaron formas de J invertida para toda la flora y para las especies con mayor IVI. Abies religiosa presentó el mayor IVI y dominó en latizales y fustales, seguido de Roldana angulifolia, que dominó en brinzales. Tres estratos conforman la estructura vertical del bosque con distribución relativa de 60.4%. Del total de las especies, 64% mostró regeneración. El bosque de A. religiosa del Santuario Presa Corral de Piedra es un ecosistema maduro con tendencia de regeneración satisfactoria, pero necesita programas de conservación y gestión urgentes y priorizados que lo mantengan y favorezcan el arribo y permanencia invernal de la mariposa monarca.
Caracterización de una plantación juvenil de Cavanillesia platanifolia en la Zona Bananera Colombiana
Authors: Castañeda-Garzón Sandra Liliana , Arenas-Rubio Isueh , Argüelles-Cárdenas Jorge Humberto , Montero-Cantillo Yesith Darith , Gutiérrez-Berdugo Iván Antonio , Zuluaga-Peláez Jhon Jairo
Published: December 2023

El árbol de macondo [Cavanillesia platanifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth] es una especie nativa, característica del bosque seco, de belleza paisajística e importancia cultural en el Caribe Colombiano; sin embargo, se desconoce la variabilidad fenotípica y la estructura del dosel. La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – AGROSAVIA, cuenta con una plantación juvenil de esta especie en la Zona Bananera, departamento del Magdalena, en la cual se evalúa su crecimiento y adaptación a las condiciones agroecológicas. La caracterización aquí presentada incluyó 30 descriptores morfológicos de planta para evaluar 83 árboles de 5.3 años, así como la evaluación de la estructura del dosel en tres parcelas. Con el fin de reducir la dimensionalidad de los datos, los descriptores cualitativos y cuantitativos se analizaron mediante análisis de correspondencias múltiples y análisis de componentes principales respectivamente. Después se hizo un análisis de conglomerados, utilizando el algoritmo de WARD para el agrupamiento de los individuos. Diecinueve variables cuantitativas y cualitativas de árbol y hoja presentaron variación entre los individuos de C. platanifolia, que se clasificaron en cinco grupos acumulando 99.87% de la variabilidad original. En estos conglomerados se identificaron individuos con potencial de uso en sistemas agroforestales, arboricultura y producción de biomasa. Los individuos juveniles de C. platanifolia presentan un índice de área foliar bajo (0.29 y 2.03) y apertura del dosel entre 17% y 71%.
Empowering staff to embrace and discuss frailty as a health condition
Authors: Baldry Karen , Goodrich Joanna
Published: December 2023

The 4Cs Project (Courageous, Compassionate, Confident Conversations) was designed and driven by a multidisciplinary team of staff caring for patients with frailty in a community hospital setting at Worcester City In Patient Unit. They had realised that frailty was frequently underdiagnosed and that these patients were often reaching the end of life without its recognition and the necessary conversations about advance care planning taking place with them and their families was being missed. The key to the project’s success was to focus first on the staff and their concerns, as well as their lack of confidence around discussing death and dying. They designed initiatives together that addressed their hesitance, and in turn strengthened their team and community, and created “Joy in Work”.
How cavernous hemangioma went undiagnosed and lessons learned
Authors: Wilson Veeron
Published: December 2023

A barely noticeable lump on the bottom medial part of my right eyelid went undiagnosed after two exploratory surgeries. Additional exploratory surgeries were recommended in subsequent consults with different ophthalmologists without anyone suggesting diagnostic tools (eg, MRI). An MRI ultimately confirmed a common condition called an orbital cavernous hemangioma. Patients can contribute to their patient experience by doing research, being informed, asking questions, and getting a second, even third, opinion, if necessary.
Breathing-Based Meditation for Improving COPD Burden: A Mixed Single-Case and Qualitative Approach
Authors: Lin Ting-fen , Linville Deanna , Nese Rhonda , Seeley John , Shune Samantha
Published: December 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) impacts the physiological and psycho-emotional aspects of life. COPD-related secondary sequelae also synergistically interact with each other. For example, dyspnea affects the severity of breath, body functions, and the mind (e.g., anxiety, panic, fear). Such negative psycho-emotional states can further negatively impact the breath and the body (e.g., increased dyspnea). Given the breadth of the impact of COPD on multiple facets of health and well-being, it is essential to investigate comprehensive approaches to managing COPD, simultaneously addressing the mind, body, and breath. Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY), a breathwork meditation program, has previously yielded a wide range of physiological and psycho-emotional benefits but has not been explored in individuals with COPD. Using single-case multiple-baseline and qualitative phenomenology methodologies, this study investigated 1) the relation between dyspnea and SKY and 2) the feasibility and general perceived effectiveness of SKY among individuals with COPD. Nine individuals with varying severities of COPD participated. Data collection included ratings of perceived dyspnea (work of breathing, shortness of breath, dyspnea-related distress, dyspnea-related anxiety) and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Results suggest that SKY is feasible and acceptable for individuals with COPD. Additionally, the results demonstrate proof of concept that SKY can help alleviate aspects of the COPD disease burden related to the mind, body, and breath as well as reduce the cyclical effect of the disease sequelae. Larger-scale trials are warranted, but this study is the first to support SKY as a viable complementary and integrative health approach for individuals with COPD.
Genetic map of the isolated Cryptosporidium parasite from children with diarrheal in the city of Mosul
Authors: Alobide Hibba , Alkhashab Firas , Altaee Hiyam
Published: December 2023

The current study was conducted between the beginning of October 2022 and the end of March 2023 to identify the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parivum infection among children under five years using microscopic and molecular methods. The study recorded 43(37.71%) infected children diagnosed using the Modified Zeihl Neelsen Stain and Gimsa stain. On the other hand, a molecular examination of stool samples using PCR showed that 25(21.92%) children out of 115 collected stool samples were infected with this parasite. DNA Sequencing was performed for specimens diagnosed with Cryptosporidium parasite, and the new isolates were registered for the first time in Nineveh governorate in NCBI under the accession number 757376.

Keywords: Cryptosporidium disease, Genetic map.
Evaluation of Calretinin and enumeration of mast cells in rectum tissue biopsies of Hirschsprung and non-Hirschsprung disease in neonate and infant
Authors: Abdul Hussein Rusul A. , AL-Sharqi Sahar A. H. , Mehdi Nada K. , Joda Ali E.
Published: December 2023

The Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a complex genetic congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the colon and rectum, leading to functional intestinal obstruction. A study was conducted from July 2022 to December 2022. The Toluidine blue stain and calretinin immunohistochemistry were applied to 36 cases of neonates and infants who clinically presented with symptoms suspicious of having HD, And the hematological study of cell blood counts test and compared the result of the HD group with the non-HD group and control group. The study showed an increase in mast cell numbers in the rectal biopsy tissue of HD patients compared with non-HD patients using Toluidine blue stain. The Immunohistochemistry for calretinin result displayed 27 (75%) cases as HD, while the remaining 9 (25%) cases were confirmed as non-HD and showed hypertrophied nerve fiber in HD cases. at the same time, the complete blood count result was unrelated to HD. Some worrying maternal risk factors were highlighted during pregnancy were the age of the mother at conception, maternal illness, intake of drugs, type of Childbirth, and number of previous maternal abortions; all of them show a non-significant difference between the HD group and non-HD group, also consanguineous marriage was detected and shows a significant difference between the HD group and non-HD group.
Keywords: Hirschsprung, Calretinin, Toluidine blue, CBC count
The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedicine: Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gu Jiasheng , Gao Chongyang , Wang Lili
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the biomedical field has attracted increasing attention in recent decades. Studying how past AI technologies have found their way into medicine over time can help to predict which current (and future) AI technologies have the potential to be utilized in medicine in the coming years, thereby providing a helpful reference for future research directions.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to predict the future trend of AI technologies used in different biomedical domains based on past trends of related technologies and biomedical domains.

METHODS

We collected a large corpus of articles from the PubMed database pertaining to the intersection of AI and biomedicine. Initially, we attempted to use regression on the extracted keywords alone; however, we found that this approach did not provide sufficient information. Therefore, we propose a method called “background-enhanced prediction” to expand the knowledge utilized by the regression algorithm by incorporating both the keywords and their surrounding context. This method of data construction resulted in improved performance across the six regression models evaluated. Our findings were confirmed through experiments on recurrent prediction and forecasting.

RESULTS

In our analysis using background information for prediction, we found that a window size of 3 yielded the best results, outperforming the use of keywords alone. Furthermore, utilizing data only prior to 2017, our regression projections for the period of 2017-2021 exhibited a high coefficient of determination (R2), which reached up to 0.78, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method in predicting long-term trends. Based on the prediction, studies related to proteins and tumors will be pushed out of the top 20 and become replaced by early diagnostics, tomography, and other detection technologies. These are certain areas that are well-suited to incorporate AI technology. Deep learning, machine learning, and neural networks continue to be the dominant AI technologies in biomedical applications. Generative adversarial networks represent an emerging technology with a strong growth trend.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we explored AI trends in the biomedical field and developed a predictive model to forecast future trends. Our findings were confirmed through experiments on current trends.
Digital Gamification Tool (Let’s Control Flu) to Increase Vaccination Coverage Rates: Proposal for Algorithm Development (Preprint)
Authors: Lopes Henrique , Baptista-Leite Ricardo , Hermenegildo Catarina , Atun Rifat
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Influenza represents a critical public health challenge, disproportionately affecting at-risk populations, including older adults and those with chronic conditions, often compounded by socioeconomic factors. Innovative strategies, such as gamification, are essential for augmenting risk communication and community engagement efforts to address this threat.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to introduce the “Let’s Control Flu” (LCF) tool, a gamified, interactive platform aimed at simulating the impact of various public health policies (PHPs) on influenza vaccination coverage rates and health outcomes. The tool aligns with the World Health Organization’s goal of achieving a 75% influenza vaccination rate by 2030, facilitating strategic decision-making to enhance vaccination uptake.

METHODS

The LCF tool integrates a selection of 13 PHPs from an initial set proposed in another study, targeting specific population groups to evaluate 7 key health outcomes. A prioritization mechanism accounts for societal resistance and the synergistic effects of PHPs, projecting the potential policy impacts from 2022 to 2031. This methodology enables users to assess how PHPs could influence public health strategies within distinct target groups.

RESULTS

The LCF project began in February 2021 and is scheduled to end in December 2024. The model creation phase and its application to the pilot country, Sweden, took place between May 2021 and May 2023, with subsequent application to other European countries. The pilot phase demonstrated the tool’s potential, indicating a promising increase in the national influenza vaccination coverage rate, with uniform improvements across all targeted demographic groups. These initial findings highlight the tool’s capacity to model the effects of PHPs on improving vaccination rates and mitigating the health impact of influenza.

CONCLUSIONS

By incorporating gamification into the analysis of PHPs, the LCF tool offers an innovative and accessible approach to supporting health decision makers and patient advocacy groups. It enhances the comprehension of policy impacts, promoting more effective influenza prevention and control strategies. This paper underscores the critical need for adaptable and engaging tools in PHP planning and implementation.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/55613