bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erstellung und Verwendung einer korpusbasierten Datenbank von Fachtermini im DaF-Unterricht
Authors: Pišl Milan
Published: December 2021

COMPILATION AND USE OF A CORPUS-BASED DATABASE OF TECHNICAL TERMS IN TEACHING GERMAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE The aim of this study is to present with examples how the e-learning platform Moodle can be used for a corpus-based technical language examination. It is a suitable tool for contrastive linguistic research that allows a wide range of settings and classification criteria for a database of terms. Considering an example of daily newspaper terminology abstracted from both printed and digital sources, it is described how to create and use a database as a means of didactic, translational and specialized research, and how its wisely usage is possible within the teaching process.
Complex Approach to Thermal Testing of Firefighters’ Protective Clothing
Authors: Szułczyńska Dorota , Roguski Jacek
Published: December 2021

Aim: An extremely important property of firefighters’ special clothing is thermal resistance of the clothing materials to heat transfer from radiation or flame. Performing tests with the use of thermal mannequins may contribute to the improvement of clothing sets, as such tests indicate weak points of the tested products. The review article presents information on the testing of special clothing on mannequins and a short history of test stands with the use of thermal mannequins. Introduction: Using innovative techniques and technologies provides firefighters-rescuers with an appropriate level of safety. Special clothing is a barrier between the human body and the heat and water vapour from the environment. It is this garment that protects the human body from overheating or cooling down. Methodology: The general test procedure for using thermal mannequins is described in ASTM standards (for instance ASTM F2370 – 10 [1], ASTM F2371 – 10 [2]). Testing of special clothing allowing for an accurate assessment of the degree of protection of the human body against the effects of fire, flame and heat was initiated in the United States. The assumption of these works was to create a mannequin for testing the resistance of clothing equipped with heat sensors to flash fires. Currently, there are around 100 different models of thermal mannequins around the world. Technological progress in the post-war period resulted in the rapid development of mannequins built with a multi-segment structure. This allowed to increase the accuracy of the measurements that simulated heat exchange between the human body and the environment. The data obtained in this manner is repeatable, which allows for standardization of the test requirements for thermal insulation of clothing sets. Conclusions: Performing tests using thermal mannequins contributes to the improvement of clothing sets in order to increase the safety of the users. The results obtained under the test conditions very accurately indicate the number, location and degree of burns to which the user of such clothing may be exposed. Keywords: protective clothing, special clothing, thermal mannequin, thermal resistance, test stands to determine thermal loads Type of article: review article
Improving Sample Average Approximation Using Distributional Robustness
Authors: Anderson Edward , Philpott Andy
Published: December 2021

Sample average approximation is a popular approach to solving stochastic optimization problems. It has been widely observed that some form of robustification of these problems often improves the out-of-sample performance of the solution estimators. In estimation problems, this improvement boils down to a trade-off between the opposing effects of bias and shrinkage. This paper aims to characterize the features of more general optimization problems that exhibit this behaviour when a distributionally robust version of the sample average approximation problem is used. The paper restricts attention to quadratic problems for which sample average approximation solutions are unbiased and shows that expected out-of-sample performance can be calculated for small amounts of robustification and depends on the type of distributionally robust model used and properties of the underlying ground-truth probability distribution of random variables. The paper was written as part of a New Zealand funded research project that aimed to improve stochastic optimization methods in the electric power industry. The authors of the paper have worked together in this domain for the past 25 years.
Distributionally Robust Mean-Variance Portfolio Selection with Wasserstein Distances
Authors: Blanchet Jose , Chen Lin , Zhou Xun Yu
Published: December 2021

We revisit Markowitz’s mean-variance portfolio selection model by considering a distributionally robust version, in which the region of distributional uncertainty is around the empirical measure and the discrepancy between probability measures is dictated by the Wasserstein distance. We reduce this problem into an empirical variance minimization problem with an additional regularization term. Moreover, we extend the recently developed inference methodology to our setting in order to select the size of the distributional uncertainty as well as the associated robust target return rate in a data-driven way. Finally, we report extensive back-testing results on S&P 500 that compare the performance of our model with those of several well-known models including the Fama–French and Black–Litterman models.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Actor-Critic–Like Stochastic Adaptive Search for Continuous Simulation Optimization
Authors: Zhang Qi , Hu Jiaqiao
Published: December 2021

Many systems arising in applications from engineering design, manufacturing, and healthcare require the use of simulation optimization (SO) techniques to improve their performance. In “Actor-Critic–Like Stochastic Adaptive Search for Continuous Simulation Optimization,” Q. Zhang and J. Hu propose a randomized approach that integrates ideas from actor-critic reinforcement learning within a class of adaptive search algorithms for solving SO problems. The approach fully retains the previous simulation data and incorporates them into an approximation architecture to exploit knowledge of the objective function in searching for improved solutions. The authors provide a finite-time analysis for the method when only a single simulation observation is collected at each iteration. The method works well on a diverse set of benchmark problems and has the potential to yield good performance for complex problems using expensive simulation experiments for performance evaluation.
Understanding HPV and cervical screening
Authors: Butler Sarah , Wilkinson Yvonne
Published: December 2021

Cervical cancer is preventable and curable. Sarah Butler and Yvonne Wilkinson explain how the cervical screening programme has changed from a cytology based test to HPV primary screening

Screening for human papillomavirus is now the primary test for cervical screening in England, Wales and Scotland. Cervical screening for those individuals with a cervix routinely occurs every 3 years for those aged 25–49 (24½ in England) and every 5 years for those aged 50–64. Over 99.7% of cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus. Cervical cancer is preventable and curable; primary HPV screening can detect early changes in cervical cells allowing for effective monitoring and treatment.
New guidance for ME and CFS to improve understanding of these largely misunderstood conditions
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: December 2021

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has published new guidelines on myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Sarah Jane Palmer looks at the key changes made
A Case Series of Acute Painless Bilateral Foot Drop Without Cauda Equina Syndrome
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Jain Nikhil , Adsul Nitin , Acharya Shankar , Chahal R. S. , Kalra K. L.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:Acute painless bilateral foot drop without bowel/bladder involvement is a very rare presentation of lumbar degenerative disorders. Only a few cases have been published on it in the literature. An early intervention could prove to be very helpful for the neurological recovery.

Case Report:We present three cases where patients developed acute onset bilateral foot drop without radiculopathy and without bowel/bladder involvement. The first case was due to acute lumbar disc herniation, the second was caused by acute disc prolapse in a pre-existing asymptomatic lumbar canal stenosis, and the third one precipitated in a progressive degenerative severe lumbar spinal stenosis. Two cases (case reports 1 and 3) underwent minimal invasive decompression while the other case (case report 2) underwent instrumentation+ decompression + fusion. Case 1 and 2 with a short duration of symptoms showed good neurological recovery, whileereas cCase 3 with longer duration of complaints did not improve.

Conclusion:Patients presenting with painless bilateral foot drop without cauda equine syndrome should be evaluated for spinal causes besides central nervous systemCNS, peripheral nerve, metabolic and autoimmune causes. Any finding in support of lumbar degenerative disease as the cause after excluding other causes should prompt for surgical decompression of the spine as an early intervention might help patient recover back to a normal and active lifestyle.

Keywords:Painless, bilateral, foot drop, acute.
Moiré graphene nanoribbons: nearly perfect absorptions and highly efficient reflections with wide angles
Authors: Zhang H. Z. , Qin H. Y. , Zhang W. X. , Huang L. , Zhang X. D.
Published: December 2021

The strong absorption and reflection from atomically thin graphene nanoribbons has been demonstrated over the past decade. However, due to the significant band dispersion of graphene nanoribbons, the angle of incident wave has remained limited to a very narrow range. Obtaining strong absorption and reflection with a wide range of incident angles from atomically thin graphene layers has remained an unsolvable problem. Here, we construct a tunable moiré superlattice composed of a pair of graphene nanoribbon arrays to achieve this goal. By designing the interlayer coupling between two graphene nanoribbon arrays with mismatched periods, the moiré flat bands and the localization of their eigen-fields realized. Based on the moiré flat bands of graphene nanoribbons, highly efficient reflection and nearly perfect absorption was achieved with a wide range of incident angles. Even more interesting, is how these novel phenomena can be tuned through the adjustment of the graphene's Fermi energy, either electrostatically or chemically. Our designed moiré graphene nanoribbons suggest a promising platform to engineer moiré physics with tunable behaviors, and may have potential applications in the field of wide-angle absorbers and reflectors in the mid-infrared region.
90°-bent graded-index core polymer waveguide for a high-bandwidth-density VCSEL-based optical engine
Authors: Kohmu Naohiro , Ishii Maho , Hatai Ryosuke , Ishigure Takaaki
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we present a low-loss optical assembly utilizing a 90°-bent graded-index (GI) core polymer optical waveguide on vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) based optical transceivers. The proposed assembly can replace conventional components such as mirrors and lenses for realizing subminiature optical engines applicable to on-board integration. To minimize the total insertion loss of the waveguide when connected to a high-speed VCSEL and a GI-core multimode fiber (MMF) at each end, the characteristics of the beam emitted from VCSELs are measured and taken into consideration for the waveguide design. In order to confirm the effect of insertion loss reduction by the waveguide numerical aperture control, 90°-bent GI-core polymer waveguides are fabricated applying the Mosquito method. The fabricated waveguide exhibits a total insertion loss as low as about 2 dB at 850-nm wavelength, which includes the coupling losses at both ends, bending, and propagation losses. We also investigate a way to reduce the insertion loss when a gap exists between the waveguide and VCSEL chip. We theoretically and experimentally confirm that filling the gap with a high index resin can reduce the coupling loss by 5 dB.
Quantum fidelity of electromagnetically induced transparency: the full quantum theory
Authors: Hsu Hao , Cheng Chin-Yao , Shiu Jiun-Shiuan , Chen Ling-Chun , Chen Yong-Fan
Published: December 2021

We present a full quantum model to study the fidelity of single photons with different quantum states propagating in a medium exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By using the general reservoir theory, we can calculate the quantum state of the transmitted probe photons that reveal the EIT phenomenon predicted by semiclassical theory while reflecting the influence of the quantum fluctuations of the strong coupling field. Our study shows that the coupling field fluctuations not only change the quantum state of the probe photons, but also slightly affect its transmittance. Moreover, we demonstrate that the squeezed coupling field can enhance the influence of its fluctuations on the quantum state of the probe photons, which means that the EIT effect can be manipulated by controlling the quantum state properties of the coupling field. The full quantum theory in this paper is suitable for studying quantum systems related to the EIT mechanism that would allow us to examine various quantum effects in EIT-based systems from a full quantum perspective.
Lithography-free metamaterial absorbers: opinion
Authors: Ghobadi Amir , Ulusoy Ghobadi Turkan Gamze , Ozbay Ekmel
Published: December 2021

Although advancement in nanofabrication provides the opportunity to realize nanoscale geometries with high resolutions, the scalability and repeatability issues limit their large-scale applications. Lithography-free metamaterial absorbers (LFMAs) are a potential route for the upscaling of these designs. With restricted freedom in their synthesis, the importance of the proper material choice is emphasized. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recently developed LFMAs, from both design and material perspectives, while considering their most promising applications.
Unsupervised discovery of dynamic cell phenotypic states from transmitted light movies
Authors: Nguyen Phuc , Chien Sylvia , Dai Jin , Monnat Raymond J. , Becker Pamela S. , Kueh Hao Yuan
Published: December 2021

Identification of cell phenotypic states within heterogeneous populations, along with elucidation of their switching dynamics, is a central challenge in modern biology. Conventional single-cell analysis methods typically provide only indirect, static phenotypic readouts. Transmitted light images, on the other hand, provide direct morphological readouts and can be acquired over time to provide a rich data source for dynamic cell phenotypic state identification. Here, we describe an end-to-end deep learning platform, UPSIDE (Unsupervised Phenotypic State IDEntification), for discovering cell states and their dynamics from transmitted light movies. UPSIDE uses the variational auto-encoder architecture to learn latent cell representations, which are then clustered for state identification, decoded for feature interpretation, and linked across movie frames for transition rate inference. Using UPSIDE, we identified distinct blood cell types in a heterogeneous dataset. We then analyzed movies of patient-derived acute myeloid leukemia cells, from which we identified stem-cell associated morphological states as well as the transition rates to and from these states. UPSIDE opens up the use of transmitted light movies for systematic exploration of cell state heterogeneity and dynamics in biology and medicine.
Survival outcomes in elderly Taiwanese women according to breast cancer subtype and lymph node status: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Lin Kung-Hung , Hsu Huan-Ming , Hsu Kuo-Feng , Chu Chi-Hong , Hong Zhi-Jie , Fu Chun-Yu , Chou Yu-Ching , Mehra Golshan , Dai Ming-Shen , Yu Jyh-Cherng , Liao Guo-Shiou
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine the rates of overall survival and recurrence-free survival among elderly Taiwanese women (>65 years old) according to breast cancer subtype and lymph node status. We identified 554 eligible patients who were >65 years old and had been treated based on international recommendations at our center between June 2005 and June 2015. Patients with the luminal A subtype had the highest rates of overall survival (90.6%) and recurrence-free survival (97.0%), while the lowest overall survival rate was observed in those with the triple-negative subtype (81.3%) and the lowest recurrence-free survival rate was observed in those with the luminal B subtype (84.0%). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, using the luminal A subtype as the reference, revealed significant differences in recurrence-free survival among luminal B patients according to lymph node status. Among elderly Taiwanese women with breast cancer, the breast cancer subtype might help predict survival outcomes. The luminal B subtype was associated with poor recurrence-free survival, and lymph node status was useful for predicting recurrence-free survival in this subset of patients.
Experiences of COVID-19 patients admitted in a government infectious disease hospital in Nepal and its implications for health system strengthening: A qualitative study
Authors: Bastola Anup , Dhital Rolina , Shah Richa , Subedi Madhusudan , Hamal Pawan Kumar , Shrestha Carmina , Chalise Bimal Sharma , Maharjan Kijan , Nepal Richa , Rajbhandari Sagar
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health systems in many ways. It has put unprecedented strain on health systems worldwide and exposed gaps in public health infrastructure. A health system comprises all institutions and resources working towards improving and maintaining health. Among the different aspects of health system strengthening, a patient’s experiences and expectations play a crucial role in determining how well the health facilities function. This study aims to explore health system strengthening’s implications based on experiences and feedback provided by COVID-19 patients admitted to a government tropical and infectious disease hospital in Nepal.

Methods

In this qualitative study, we collected the voluntary handwritten feedback by the admitted COVID-19 patients to document the feedback and experiences from a book, maintained by the hospital. We performed thematic content analysis using the World Health Organization’s six building blocks of health system as a theoretical framework which included service delivery, health workforce, information, leadership and governance, financing, and access to medicines.

Results

Most patients in this study had positive experiences on service delivery and health workforce. Some also highlighted the gaps in infrastructure, cleanliness, and hygiene. Many suggested positive experiences on other dimensions of the health system such as financing, governance and leadership, and access to medicines reflected upon by the patients’ thankfulness to the hospital and the government for the treatment they received. The responses also reflected the inter-connectedness between the different building blocks of health system.

Conclusion

This study approached a unique way to strengthen the health system by exploring patients’ feedback, which suggested an overall positive impression on most building blocks of health system. However, it also highlighted certain gaps in infrastructure, cleanliness, and hygiene. It reinforces the hospital management and government’s role to continue its efforts to strengthen the health system.
Disinvestment in the presence of uncertainty: Description of a novel, multi-group, disinvestment trial design and protocol for an application to reduce or cease use of mobilisation alarms for preventing falls in hospitals
Authors: Haines Terry P. , Botti Mari , Brusco Natasha , O’Brien Lisa , Redley Bernice , Bowles Kelly-Ann , Hutchinson Alison , Mitchell Debra , Jellett Joanna , Steen Kate , Boyd Leanne , Webb-St Mart Melinda , Raymond Melissa , Hunter Peter , Russo Phillip , Bonnici Rachel , Pu Dai , Sevenhuysen Samantha , Davies Vicki , Shorr Ronald
Published: December 2021

Disinvestment is the removal or reduction of previously provided practices or services, and has typically been undertaken where a practice or service has been clearly shown to be ineffective, inefficient and/or harmful. However, practices and services that have uncertain evidence of effectiveness, efficiency and safety can also be considered as candidates for disinvestment. Disinvestment from these practices and services is risky as they may yet prove to be beneficial if further evidence becomes available. A novel research approach has previously been described for this situation, allowing disinvestment to take place while simultaneously generating evidence previously missing from consideration. In this paper, we describe how this approach can be expanded to situations where three or more conditions are of relevance, and describe the protocol for a trial examining the reduction and elimination of use of mobilisation alarms on hospital wards to prevent patient falls. Our approach utilises a 3-group, concurrent, non-inferiority, stepped wedge, randomised design with an embedded parallel, cluster randomised design. Eighteen hospital wards with high rates of alarm use (≥3%) will be paired within their health service and randomly allocated to a calendar month when they will transition to a “Reduced” (<3%) or “Eliminated” (0%) mobilisation alarm condition. Dynamic randomisation will be used to determine which ward in each pair will be allocated to either the reduced or eliminated condition to promote equivalence between wards for the embedded parallel, cluster randomised component of the design. A project governance committee will set non-inferiority margins. The primary outcome will be rates of falls. Secondary clinical, process, safety, and economic outcomes will be collected and a concurrent economic evaluation undertaken.
Estimated incidence and case fatality rate of traumatic brain injury among children (0–18 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ackah Martin , Gazali Salifu Mohammed , Osei Yeboah Cynthia
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Studies from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries have reported on the incidence and case fatality rate of children with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). However, there is lack of a general epidemiologic description of the phenomenon in this sub-region underpinning the need for an accurate and reliable estimate of incidence and outcome of children (0–18 years) with TBI. This study therefore, extensively reviewed data to reliably estimate incidence, case fatality rate of children with TBI and its mechanism of injury in SSA.

Methods

Electronic databases were systematically searched in English via Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Africa Journal Online (AJOL). Two independent authors performed an initial screening of studies based on the details found in their titles and abstracts. Studies were assessed for quality/risk of bias using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The pooled case fatality rate and incidence were estimated using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model (REM). A sub-group and sensitivity analyses were performed. Publication bias was checked by the funnel plot and Egger’s test. Furthermore, trim and fill analysis was used to adjust for publication bias using Duval and Tweedie’s method.

Results

Thirteen (13) hospital-based articles involving a total of 40685 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled case fatality rate for all the included studies in SSA was 8.0%; [95% CI: 3.0%-13.0%], and the approximate case fatality rate was adjusted to 8.2%, [95% CI:3.4%-13.0%], after the trim-and-fill analysis was used to correct for publication bias. A sub-group analysis of sub-region revealed that case fatality rate was 8% [95% CI: 2.0%-13.0%] in East Africa, 1.0% [95% CI: 0.1% -3.0%] in Southern Africa and 18.0% [95% CI: 6.0%-29.0%] in west Africa. The pooled incidence proportion of TBI was 18% [95% CI: 2.0%-33.0%]. The current review showed that Road Traffic Accident (RTA) was the predominant cause of children’s TBI in SSA. It ranged from 19.1% in South Africa to 79.1% in Togo.

Conclusion

TBI affects 18% of children aged 0 to 18 years, with almost one-tenth dying in SSA. The most common causes of TBI among this population in SSA were RTA and falls. TBI incidence and case fatality rate of people aged 0–18 years could be significantly reduced if novel policies focusing on reducing RTA and falls are introduced and implemented in SSA.
Inter-specialty collaboration in the formalization of a new foregut subspecialty
Authors: Vassaur Hannah , Martelli Peter
Published: December 2021

Historical context and converging market conditions present a unique opportunity to study the factors contributing to the formalization of foregut, or upper gastrointestinal, surgery as a new subspecialty in United States healthcare. The aim of this study was to examine the justifications of those pursuing the formalization of a foregut subspecialty and to extract lessons for healthcare leaders on the evolving relationships between competing providers. This was a qualitative, cross-sectional study consisting of interviews, secondary survey data, and observation of society meetings between October 2018 and June 2019. Thirty interviews with healthcare professionals were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed for themes using qualitative coding software. Themes were correlated with observational field notes and archival data and compared against established social theories on professions and medical specialization. Analysis revealed that traditionally competing surgeons and gastroenterologists articulate a professional need to qualify foregut surgical expertise based on superior knowledge and outcomes, to define the allocation of certain tasks and procedures, and to foster collaboration across specialties. Converging market conditions precipitate individual and organizational decisions to pursue formal specialization. Participants in the formalization of this subspecialty should consider the history of professional competition and turf wars to achieve meaningful collaboration. Advocacy for multi-specialty societies and organizational movements could be a model for reduced conflict in other specialties as well.
INVESTIGATIVE SITUATIONS OF INTERROGATION OF A VIOLENT CRIMINAL DEFENDANT
Authors: Bespechniy O.V. , Neymark M.A.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problems of the tactics of interrogating the defendant when the court considerscriminal cases of violent crimes against the person. The urgency of such a study is substantiated. Theimportance of the interrogation of the defendant in the establishment by the court of the circumstances ofthe criminal event in question is noted. Typical situations of judicial investigation are determined, dependingon the position of the defendant. The differences of such situations from investigative situations emerging atthe stage of preliminary investigation are revealed. The features of investigative situations of interrogation ofthe defendant, their significance for the construction of the tactics of the judicial investigation are considered.The peculiarities of the formation of the testimony of the defendant during the judicial examination ofcriminal cases of violent crimes, the factors influencing their formation are revealed. Highlighted the typicalversions put forward by the defense when the court is considering criminal cases of violent crimes. Tacticalrecommendations for organizing the interrogation of the defendant are formulated, the circumstancesthat require clarification during interrogation are indicated, tactical techniques that can be used by theprosecution to ensure the effectiveness of the interrogation are determined.
QUALIFICATION OF CONTESTED FAMILY LEGAL ACTIONS IN THE BANKRUPTCY CASE OF A CITIZEN
Authors: Salimov A. S. , Voronina S.V.
Published: December 2021

Ransactions and fulfillment of obligations and obligations arising in accordance with family law arethe subject of judicial challenge at the request of a financial manager acting in the interests of creditors inthe bankruptcy of a citizen. Science and the law do not consider the grounds for the invalidity of actions forthe execution of transactions. The family-legal actions of a debtor-citizen based on an agreement between spouses, parents and judicial acts on the division of common property and the recovery of alimony are subjectto challenge on the grounds provided for by the norms of the Civil Code of the law and the bankruptcy lawon the invalidity of transactions only for the convenience of law enforcement. The actions of spouses andparents to dispose of their property rights and obligations arising from family legislation are either familylaw contracts (agreements) or actions to fulfill the obligations provided for by the Family Code. The correctqualification of the debtor’s family legal actions determines the quality of law-making, understanding of theactual meaning of legal norms and the exact fulfillment of their prescriptions.
IODINE STATUS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN OLDER AUSTRALIANS
Authors: Buchanan L. , Charlton K.E , Roodenrys S. , Cocuz D. , Pendergast T. , Ma G.
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aims to investigate whether iodine status is associated with cognitive functioning and mood state in a sample of healthy older Australians. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. Participants: Eighty-four men and women (25 males; 59 females) aged 60-95 years with normal cognitive function. Measurements: Three repeated fasting urine samples were collected a week apart to assess median urinary iodine concentration for the group. Usual dietary iodine intake was measured using an iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire and three repeated 24-hour dietary recalls while nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Cognitive function was assessed by the CogState battery of tests and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT) and mood state determined by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Associations between iodine status and cognitive tests were assessed by Wilcoxon signed-rank, Pearson, and Spearman rank correlation tests. Results: Median urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) indicated mild iodine deficiency (71μg/L; IQR = 55 – 102 μg/L). Iodine status was not significantly associated with any domains of cognitive function. Memory was negatively correlated with mood state (r = -0.375; P<0.05) and positively associated with nutritional status (r = 0.235; P<0.05). Conclusion: Iodine status is not associated with cognitive functioning in a sample of older people with mild iodine deficiency. It remains to be seen whether correction of more severe iodine deficiency in this age group would have a beneficial impact on domains of attention, visuospatial processing, and executive processing.
Do patients with chronic stress and patients with ADHD develop the same brain structures?
Authors: Obukhova Anna
Published: December 2021

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD hereafter) is a disorder associated with the impaired development of the child's nervous system and can be prolonged to adulthood with the symptoms such as impulsivity, inattention, issues with remembering of information.

Stress, especially chronic stress, also negatively affects brain function and causes nearly the same symptoms as ADHD. The symptoms are almost parallel. Recent research is shedding more light on the relationship between stress and ADHD. There might be a combination of genetic and environmental factors that influence ADHD onset, and, interestingly, the majority of environmental factors are related to chronic stress during pregnancy or in life.

The aim of this review is evaluating the similarities and differences between ADHD and chronic stress, and analyze the nature of alterations caused by ADHD and chronic stress.

Research findings showed that in several brain areas both ADHD and stress create similar structure alterations (mainly reduction) (Saenz et al., 2019; Blix et al., 2013). But that data is not 100% consistent and may need more research. Also, in the amygdala (Hoogman et al., 2017; Perlov et al., 2008) and in the hippocampus (Hoogman et al., 2017; Plessen et al., 2006), we see not consistent data and even have an opposite direction of data that needs further review and might explain that these brain structures both are not properly functioning but in different ways
3D visualization of the results of using modern OFA technology on the

example of real boiler
Authors: Jibril Mustefa
Published: December 2021

The leading place in the world for environmental protection is currently occupied by the protectionof the air basin. And the main sources of atmospheric pollution are industrial enterprises, motor transport andthermal power plants. Thus, there is an obvious need to increase attention to the problems of the innovationsector, mainly in the areas of technical improvement of heat and power industry enterprises. Therefore, thestudy of the problems of reducing the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, control and regulationof its quality, as well as the study of new various methods of innovative development of thermal power is anurgent task at present, requiring a serious scientific approach. In the proposed work, computer experimentswere carried out in the field of innovative energy production technologies (the use of modern "sharp blast"OFA technology) at a specific thermal power facility of the enterprise of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Duringthe experiment, various ways of supplying additional air through OFA nozzles were investigated: OFA=0%(basic version without additional air supply), OFA=10% and OFA=18%. For these three modes, a comparativeanalysis of the aerodynamics of the furnace part of the boiler was performed according to the obtaineddistributions of the temperature and concentration fields of nitrogen oxide NO over the entire volume of thecombustion chamber. The results obtained were compared with experimental data obtained during experimentsconducted directly at the CHP.
Estanislao Zeballos y la valorización simbólica de la naturaleza en la conformación del estado nación argentino a fines del siglo XIX
Authors: Iglesias Facundo
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo ofrece un primer avance desde la Ecología Política en el análisis de la construcción discursiva de Estanislao Zeballos al frente del Instituto Geográfico Argentino y el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. Se busca poner en cuestión tanto el desempeño de Zeballos como escritor como también en su función política y científica en contexto con la formación del Estado Nación argentino moderno de fin de siglo XIX, donde se disputaron diferentes concepciones y valorizaciones de la naturaleza en detrimento de otras cosmovisiones y apropiaciones propias de las poblaciones originarias de Pampa-Patagonia.
Debate for Civic Learning: A Model for Renewing Higher Education’s Civic Mission
Authors: Mabrey Paul , Boston-Hill Kevin E. , Stelljes Drew , Boersma Jess
Published: December 2021

Rapidly eroding financial support and tuition increases that outpace inflation threaten the viability of an education that considers civic engagement as foundational. Simultaneously, institutions of higher education are increasingly perceived by the public as market-driven entities existing for the economic benefit of the individual, the upward mobility of a social class, and in turn the further sedimentation of racial and class differences. Now, more than ever, our nation is in need of deliberate attempts to fashion common understandings, ways to navigate inevitable disagreements, and reasonable paths forward. Higher education is positioned to respond to these civic needs but requires a commitment to be bold and remain dedicated to our shared civic mission in the face of alarming polarization and vacated institutional trust. One way institutions of higher education can return to their shared sense of civic mission is with the integration of debate across the curriculum through innovative partnerships and collaborative design. Debate across the curriculum utilizes intentional course redesign to offer active learning experiences that combine public speaking, evidence-based reasoning, collaborative learning, and argumentation into various advocacy simulations. The debate for civic learning model has faculty partnered across multiple institutions to design, integrate, and assess debate-based pedagogy to positively impact student civic learning. Students and faculty across disciplines have reported that debate-based pedagogy helped improve classroom engagement, critical problem solving, perspective taking, empathy, and advocacy skills. This mixed-method research provides insights not only into debate-based course design and learning improvement strategies but also into how faculty, students, and administrators can partner between institutions to demonstrate a shared commitment to the civic mission of higher education and democratic promise of our nation.
Identity Politics and the Politics of Learning
Authors: Correa Elaine , Hall Doris
Published: December 2021

How can faculty assist and equip students to become more “critical consumers” of the information they receive in a culture and climate of alternative facts and multiple truths? With increasing differences in political views informing “truth perspectives,” the shift in what is quickly becoming normalized as a form of appropriate discourse has fostered a culture of entitlement that lends support to voicing critique without critical inquiry. In this article, we examine the multiple and intersecting systems of power and privilege. The recognition of contradictory subjective locations occupied by all the participants in the classroom, including the instructor, are discussed. As practitioners seeking more effective forms of dialogue and engagement, we challenge conventional hegemonic discourses of difference and stereotypical representations within learning by questioning identity politics within the politics of learning and by examining the clashes between discourse and policy in the university classroom.
Find Your Way Back: Black Colleagues Return to the Erotic
Authors: Anderson Noel
Published: December 2021

This paper provides an analysis of the effects anti-Black violence have had on the return of Black colleagues (administrators, faculty, and staff) to higher education after the the 2020 murder of African American citizen George Floyd at the hands of now former Minneapolis police officers. Riffing off of R&B singer Beyoncé Knowles-Carter’s song of return, “Find Your Way Back” and using it as a loose organizational rubric—each section is titled from the song’s lyrics—I ask what answers we might find between return and resignation. The analysis starts with the question of return: How in the hell do Black colleagues return to the university after a collective trauma? The essay centralizes the concerns of Black colleagues in higher education, positioning us between resignation and return. It seeks to consider (pending a return) to what are we returning. To explore this liminal dilemma—resignation or return—the essay will trace the lineage of racism located in higher education to slavery and the violent exclusion of African Americans from gaining access to knowledge. Briefly tracing American education’s lineage to White supremacy, I aim to frame our possible return against an institution that parodies its paternal line. The essay will show that the racism characteristic of American history morphed into an insidious, invisible source of oppression termed microaggressions. To address the consequences of racial microaggressions, I draw on psychotherapeutic clinical research on the effects of racial microaggressions on Black workers. Mirroring clinicians’ approach to addressing the race-based problems of higher education, I call on the Black feminist scholar Audre Lorde’s notion of “the erotic” as a spiritual power source. I look at how Lorde explored Black psychology and trauma within higher education in her poem “Blackstudies.” Mining this and her other triumphant essay “Uses of the Erotic: The Erotic as Power,” I look to establish “the erotic” as a comparable counterpunch to microaggressions in higher education.
From Diversity to Dignity
Authors: Loehwing Melanie , Craig Byron
Published: December 2021

This article promotes closer rhetorical analysis of the current trend in higher education to institutionalize equity, inclusion, diversity, and access (EIDA) work without routinely interrogating the orienting terms used in such efforts. It may be easy to mistake the intentions of EIDA work as determining its value, thus discouraging a critical examination of the rhetorical outcomes it produces and the rhetorical effects it invites. We suggest that one insight such analysis could offer is a better account of the rhetorical constraints of the term “diversity.” In this article, we review a range of compelling critiques that have been offered of the limitations of “diversity” as it appears in higher education discourse. We suggest “dignity” as a promising alternative to “diversity” as an alternate orienting term for EIDA work in higher education.
A study on mushroom management perception of employees in Provincial Directorates of Youth and Sports (Niğde province example)
Authors: Dinç Fatih , Avanoğlu Ahmet Erdi
Published: December 2021

It seems that the mushroom management metaphor has become a new research area in management sciences. This management style takes its name from mushroom cultivation in terms of method similarity. In mushroom cultivation; mushrooms are left in the dark and only allowed to grow by giving them the resources they need. In the mushroom management metaphor, managers leave employees in a kind of darkness. They provide only the resources they need without conducting mutual communication with them and does not need to share information with the employees. At the end of this process, managers expect an increase in performance from their employees. Within the scope of this study, it was aimed to measure the mushroom management perceptions of 4-a and 4-b employees in Niğde Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports. The sample of the study consists of 92 civil servants, 42 women and 50 men, working in the Niğde Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports. Personal information form and the “Mushroom Management Scale” developed by Birioğlu and Tekin (2018) were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data, T-test was used for pairwise comparisons, and ANOVA test was used for more than two comparisons. As a result, according to the findings, it was determined that the employees had a medium level of mushroom management perception. No significant difference was found between the sub-dimensions of administrative duty, gender, age, and tenure.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
 
Özet
Mantar yönetim metaforunun, yönetim bilimlerinde yeni bir araştırma alanı haline geldiği görülmektedir. Bu yönetim tarzı ismini metot benzerliği açısından mantar yetiştiriciliğinden almaktadır. Mantar yetiştiriciliğinde; mantarlar karanlıkta bırakılır ve sadece ihtiyacı olan kaynaklar verilerek yetişmesi sağlanır. Mantar yönetim metaforunda da yöneticiler, çalışanları bir çeşit karanlıkta bırakır; onlarla karşılıklı iletişim yürütmeden sadece onların ihtiyacı olan kaynakları sağlar ve çalışanlarla bilgi paylaşımına gerek duymaz. Bu sürecin sonunda yöneticiler, çalışanlardan performans artışı beklerler. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Niğde Gençlik ve Spor il Müdürlüğünde 4-a ve 4-b çalışan personellerin mantar yönetim algılarının ölçülmesi amaçlamıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, Niğde Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğünde çalışan, 42 kadın, 50 erkek olmak üzere toplam 92 memur oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Birincioğlu ve Tekin (2018) tarafından geliştirilen “Mantar Yönetim Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ikili karşılaştırmalarda T-testi, ikiden fazla karşılaştırmalarda Anova testi uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; elde edilen bulgulara göre çalışanların orta düzeyde mantar yönetim algısına sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. İdari görev, cinsiyet, yaş ve görev süresi ile alt boyutlar arasında hiçbir anlamlı farklılık tespit edilememiştir.
ANALISIS METODE BAYESIAN PADA SISTEM ANTREAN RAWAT JALAN DI RSUP Dr. KARIADI DENGAN DISTRIBUSI SAMPEL POISSON DAN GEOMETRIK
Authors: Azizah Nur , Sugito Sugito , Yasin Hasbi
Published: December 2021

Hospital service facilities cannot be separated from queuing events. Queues are an unavoidable part of life, but they can be minimized with a good system. The purpose of this study was to find out how the queuing system at Dr. Kariadi. Bayesian method is used to combine previous research and this research in order to obtain new information. The sample distribution and prior distribution obtained from previous studies are combined with the sample likelihood function to obtain a posterior distribution. After calculating the posterior distribution, it was found that the queuing model in the outpatient installation at Dr. Kariadi Semarang is (G/G/c): (GD/∞/∞) where each polyclinic has met steady state conditions and the level of busyness is greater than the unemployment rate so that the queuing system at Dr. Kariadi is categorized as good, except in internal medicine poly.
The Effectivity of Solid Medical Waste Management in Pandemic Era
Authors: Abidah Hilda Nur , Ismah Hashifah Azatil , Irmayanti Selvi , Nurika Globila , Wikurendra Edza Aria
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The increasing of confirmed positive case of SARS-Cov-2 Virus impacts to the need for improvement of health services, especially to the health workers and medical equipment. Along with the importance of regarding need of health service, it causes the rise number of medical waste that leads to health problem crisis. Therefore, this article presents common insight of the effectivity and challenge of medical waste management in Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: The notion is gained by finding out the source database from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Google scholar, Researchgate that classified based on the research purpose. The keywords used were: (1) Covid-19 and medical waste; (2) pandemic solid waste; (3) waste and Covid-19; (4) management and pandemics.Results: An effective method to be applied is sterilizer technology, such as VH2O2 dan Stryker STERIZONE VP4, and the development of late waste respirator with the pyrolysis process. The method and the management process is considered, either nationally or internationally, as effective, but still we found challenge to implement the method, as lack of socialisation and support from the functionary.  Conclusion: the method management can be implemented in the various countries, based on the needs and capability.