bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review: controversies in blood component use in newborns
Authors: Luban N.L.C.
Published: June 2021

Advances in the care of the critically ill neonate have necessitated dramatic changes in the blood bank’s response, especially to the needs of the low-weight premature infant. The neonate is now considered a major consumer of blood products, and the packaging and administration of these products must be altered to suit its specialized needs. The indications and preparations for small-volume red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are of particular concern. Smallvolume RBC transfusions are both the most frequently used and the most controversial in the treatment of neonates. A review and guidelines for the use of RBCs for the perinatal patient are presented.
Immunobematology
1991; 1:1–7.
Primary immune response to blood group antigens in burned children
Authors: Bacon N. , Patten E. , Vincent J.
Published: June 2021

Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTRs) are generally attributed to an anamnestic immune response. Case reports of DHTRs due to a primary immune response are rare. Transfusion reactions occurring in patients on the pediatric burn unit from 1981 to September 1988 were reviewed, and additional information was obtained for patients for whom a DHTR was documented. Of 62 transfusion reactions, 11 were classified as a primary immune response (DHTR), with either a positive antibody screen, a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT), or both. None of the 11 patients included in the study had been previously transfused or pregnant. The average number of units transfused prior to antibody identification was 19. The average time elapsed between the first transfusion and antibody identification was 3.6 weeks. Anti-K and anti-E were the most frequently identified. Three patients had a decrease in hemoglobin (average 1.5 g/dL) and hematocrit at the time that a positive DAT was detected. Such changes could not be demonstrated for the remaining eight patients. The conclusion was that a DHTR may be caused by a primary immune response in burned children more often than expected, but DHTR signs and symptoms are often not apparent due to the complications of burn trauma.
Immunohematology
1991;1:8–11.
The sensitivity of antibody detection testing using pooled versus unpooled reagent red cells
Authors: Shulman I.A. , Nakayama R. , Calderon C.
Published: June 2021

Because the sensitivity of antibody detection testing may be reduced when pooled reagent red blood cells (RBCs) are used, the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) prohibits the use of pooled reagent RBCs when performing pretransfusion antibody detection testing. This restriction imposed upon the use of pooled reagent RBCs is based, at least in part, on the belief that pooled reagent RBCs are less likely to detect clinically significant antibodies than are sets of unpooled reagent RBCs. Little data, however, have been published to support this contention. In the present study, the data show a decreased sensitivity for antibody detection when pooled reagent RBCs are used. This reduced sensitivity could result in failure to detect some clinically significant RBC alloantibodies, which might result in the occurrence of overt hemolytic transfusion reactions, especially if an indirect antiglobulin test is not performed at the time blood is crossmatched.
Immunobematology
1991;1:16–19.
Phosphatidylinositol-linked red blood cell membrane proteins and blood group antigens
Authors: Telen M.J.
Published: June 2021

A new class of membrane proteins has recently been described. Unlike integral membrane proteins, which traverse the membrane with one or more hydrophobic peptide domains, the peptide domains of these more newly described proteins are entirely extracellular and are anchored to the cell membrane via a phosphatidylinositol-glycan (GPI) anchor. Erythrocyte membrane proteins of this class include proteins with diverse functions; several, however, are complement regulatory proteins. Moreover, it is the lack of expression of GPI-anchored proteins that is responsible for manifestations of the acquired hematologic disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Recently, several investigators have also demonstrated that a number of erythrocyte blood group antigens reside on this class of proteins. These antigens include those of the Cromer blood group, JMH, Holley/Gregory, Cartwright, and Dombrock. The biochemical basis for the Cromer, JMH, and Holley/Gregory antigens have so far been partly delineated.
Immunohematology
1991;7:65–72.
Antibody detection using pooled sera and a solid phase system
Authors: Beck M.L. , Hardman J.T. , Briseño A.M.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of substituting the lmmucor CaptureTM-R solid phase (SP) antibody detection system for our routine donor antibody screen. Our routine procedure (RP) used a 12-drop pool of six donor sera and one drop of pooled reagent red cells. with 37°C incubation and indirect antiglobulin test readings. The SP system was used according to the manfacturer’s directions except that one drop of the pooled sera (rather than an individual serum) was added to each microwell. In parallel tests of 888 donor
pools and of 70 stored sera containing known alloantibodie with SP were comparable to results with RP. After implementation of SP for donor antibody detection, 1,135 donor pools were tested. Results with SP appeared satisfactory when compared to previous records. We concluded that the Immucor CaptureTM-R system can be used for antibody detection using pooled donor sera.
Immunobematology
1991; 7:73-75
Microcomputer-generated antigen panel worksheets
Authors: Rose R.R. , Helgeson M.A. , Skradski K.J. , Polesky H.F.
Published: June 2021

Many antibody identifications require testing with cells of rare or uncommon phenotypes. To expedite the resolution of these identifications, we developed a microcomputer database using Lotus 123™ to enter antigen phenotypes from our frozen cell inventory. Data is entered into a customized screen input form and automatically copied to the database. The use of an input form protects the database from inadvertent errors made while entering data. The database can be searched for any combination of red cell phenotypes. When found, the selected cells are extracted to a predesigned worksheet. Panel worksheet forms are created with Allways™, a software program used in conjunction with Lotus 123™. Allways™ is specifically designed to generate quality printouts with a laser printer. The program has many formatting features that simplify horizontal and vertical ruling for the worksheet. In addition, the program provides degrees of shading to highlight specific antigens or entire columns or rows of information. Once the worksheet template has been designed, it is automatically saved with the database file. More than one worksheet template can be stored in the database file. This program reduces the amount of time spent searching through records to find the necessary cells for testing. It also reduces potential error in hand copying antigen phenotypes to a worksheet. This application can also be used for HLA panels.
Evaluation of patients with positive direct antiglobulin tests and nonreactive eluates discovered during pretransfusion testing
Authors: Clark J.A. , Tanley P.C. , Wallas C.H.
Published: June 2021

Charts from a series of 679 hospital patients with positive direct antiglobulin tests (DATs) were reviewed. Sixty-three adult patients who demonstrated positive DATs due to IgG only but with nonreactive eluates were selected for further retrospective evaluation. Those patients were noted to fall into four distinct categories: autoimmune diseases including SLE, renal diseases, multiple myeloma, and miscellaneous diseases. In 16 patients for whom serum IgG levels were available, a significant correlation existed between the strength of the DAT reaction and the serum IgG concentration. Several mechanisms that could be responsible for these findings are discussed.
Immunohematology
1992;8:9–12.
Immune hemolytic anemia following heart-lung transplantation
Authors: Perlman E.J. , Shirey R.S. , Farkosh M. , Kickler T.S. , Ness R.M.
Published: June 2021

Immune hemolytic anemia due to minor ABO incompatibility between recipient and donor is a well-recognized occurrence in kidney and liver transplantation, In some cases, the responsible antibodies have been shown to be derived from the donor passenger lymphocytes using Gm allotyping. We report a case of acute, transient hemolysis following heart-lung transplantation in which serologic and Gm allotype studies confirmed the etiology of hemolysis.
Immunohematalogy
1992;8:38–40
Development and initial validation of the Odense Child Trauma Screening: a story stem screening tool for preschool and young schoolchildren
Authors: Løkkegaard Sille Schandorph , Elmose Mette , Elklit Ask
Published: June 2021

Background:

Early identification of young children exposed to trauma who are at risk of developing post-trauma symptomatology such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other emotional or behavioral problems is important for allocating appropriate treatment and preventing long-term consequences. However, assessment of young children exposed to trauma is challenging because children may not be able to talk about their trauma or trauma reactions. Story stem tools combine storytelling and play to access the internal world of young children and can be used in the assessment of children exposed to trauma.

Objective:

To examine reliability and validity of a new story stem tool, the Odense Child Trauma Screening (OCTS). OCTS was developed to screen for play-based behavior and narrative representations indicative of traumatization in preschool and young schoolchildren.

Method:

Forty-nine Danish children aged 4.5–8.9 years (M = 6.6, SD = 1.2) participated in the OCTS. Participants included a risk sample of 31 children exposed to traumas and a community sample of 18 children. Caregivers were interviewed about child symptoms of PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and answered the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The community sample completed OCTS test-retests.

Results:

Interrater reliability proved excellent (ICC = .96-1.00). Test-retest reliability was acceptable (ICC = .66). Significant moderate correlations were found between the OCTS total score and scales of PTSD, MDD and RAD and the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale. The ability of the OCTS to discriminate between children from the risk and community sample was good.

Conclusions:

The study provided preliminary evidence of reliability and validity of the OCTS as a screening tool for young children exposed to trauma. OCTS shows promise as a standardized, age-appropriate informant-based screening measure applicable for clinical assessment.
Phytochemical screening and antifungal potency of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) extract against post harvest mycodeterioration of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum)
Authors: Emiri U. N. , Enaregha E. B.
Published: June 2021

The study investigated fungi associated with post harvest tomato fruits sold in the open market in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The antifungal activity (bitter leaf) extracts against spoilage was studied using well-in-agar diffusion method. Results showed that mean percentage incidence of fungi isolated from tomato fruits were Rhizopus stolonifer (56%), Aspergillus niger (62%) and Altermaria altermata (35%). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina at different concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) (w/v) were used against fungi isolates, while water and ketoconzole (0.5 mg/mL) served as negative and positive control, respectively. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of V. amygdalina inhibited the growth of all three test fungi. There were significant differences (p > 0.05) in the mean inhibitory effects of plant extracts and control. Antifungal activity measured as diameter of zone of inhibition revealed that V. amygdalina acqueous extract at 60% was very active against Aspergillus niger (16.50 mm) and Alternaria altermata (16.00 mm), while being moderately active against Rhizopus stolonifer (13.00 mm). However, 60% ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina was very active against A. niger (19.00 mm), A. altermata (17.00 mm) and Rhizopus stolonifer (15.80 mm). Phytochemical screening of V. amygdalina revealed the presence of tannins, oxalate, saponnins, flavanoid, cynogenic glucoside, phytate and Alkaloids V. amygdalina could serve as a potentially viable alternative to chemical fungicides in the preservation of post harvest tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum).
APPLICATION OF WATER BEADS AS A NOVEL AND SIMPLE SORBENT FOR SMARTPHONE-BASED COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF IRON IN WATER
Authors: Adamo Cristina , Jungera Ayandra , Jesus Dosil
Published: June 2021

This work proposes a novel approach for colorimetric assays using ubiquitous and inexpensive water beads (WBs) made of a superabsorbent polymer (sodium polyacrylate). The high-water absorption capacity by the WBs was exploited for the preconcentration of iron ions from samples of tap, well, and lake waters. Moreover, the WBs also worked as a substrate for colorimetric detection of iron by the classical reaction of formation of Fe(II)-phenanthroline complex. Digital images acquired with a smartphone were used to obtain the color intensity of the WBs containing the orange color complex. The WBs were able to uptake and preconcentrate iron ions, allowing colorimetric detection with good linearity (R2 = 0.9978) and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.02 and 0.07 mg L-1, respectively. The proposed method provided recoveries ranging from 93 to 111% for a sample of well water spiked with 0.15 mg L-1 of iron.
PROMOVER MODELOS EXPLICATIVOS SOBRE LAS INTERACCIONES QUÍMICAS DEL FELODIPINOCITOCROMO P450: UNA PROPUESTA DIDÁCTICA BASADA EN LA MODELIZACIÓN
Authors: Amador-Rodríguez Rafael , Insuasty Daniel , Méndez-López Maximiliano , Márquez Edgar
Published: June 2021

PROMOTING EXPLANATORY MODELS ON FELODIPINE-CYTOCHROME P450 INTERACTION: A DIDACTIC PROPOSAL MODELING-BASED. This article presents the results of the study of explanatory models produced by 81 students of first-year of medicine at the Universidad del Norte in Barranquilla-Colombia. The students face a case in the area of chemistry applied to medicine, through a contextualized problem situation (SPC), constructed from a perspective of teaching chemistry in context. The explanatory models generated by the students were analyzed qualitatively at four moments of the implementation of a teaching proposal. The results obtained at the beginning of the implementation of the proposal indicate that the students did not elaborate any type of explanatory model. However, these arised from the teaching proposal that involves the SPC in which the students begin to generate explanatory models supported by chemistry content and categorized mostly in the research as Descriptive and Interpretative, a situation fostered by the theoretical and methodological coherence of the SPC, which was designed from a perspective of teaching in context based on modeling and leveraged by scaffolding.
Hypothesis: Designation of Liposomal Scavenger System for Fight against
2019-nCoV
Authors: Bagherani Nooshin , Smoller Bruce R.
Published: June 2021

:

2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 virus, is a member of the family Coronaviridae, which is
responsible for the current pandemic of disease COVID-19. It is the seventh member of the family
Coronaviridae which infects humans, after 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, SARS-CoV and Middle East
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Fever, dry cough and severe pneumonia are seen as
common symptoms at the early stages of COVID-19. Some cases progress to acute respiratory stress
syndrome, septic shock, organ failure, and death.

The development of an effective treatment or vaccination for treating or preventing this lethal condition
is an urgent need in order to fight this crisis. Up to now, some effective vaccines with different
efficacy profiles have been introduced. Herein, we have theoretically designed a scavenger system for
gathering 2019-nCoVs, breaking them, and re-introducing them to the immune system.
FIRM VALUE: PRICE EARNING GROWTH DETERMINATION IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR COMPANIES
Authors:   Department of Management Science, Faculty of Economics and Management (FEM) Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Postgraduate Program, Jamaludin Ali , Purwanto Budi ,   Department of Management Science, Faculty of Economics and Management (FEM) Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Postgraduate Program, Ermawati Wita Juwita ,   Department of Management Science, Faculty of Economics and Management (FEM) Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Postgraduate Program
Published: June 2021

This study analyzes firm value with several variables that determine the high and low firm value. The ratios used in measuring firm value are price earnings growth (PEG) and price-earnings ratio (PER). In addition, in this study, PER served as a mediating variable and a comparison PEG in describing a true firm value. The samples obtained were 17 agricultural sector companies listed on the IDX for five years of observation from 2015 to 2019. The analytical methods used were RMSE, panel data regression, and path analysis. This research found that PEG is better at describing a firm’s true value than PER. In addition, this study also found that the variable current ratio and debt to total capitalization ratio do not affect PEG. Meanwhile, the variable return on equity affects PEG. Next, the variable current ratio, debt to total capitalization ratio, and return on equity affect PEG after being mediated through PER. The return on equity is the determining variable in influencing the high and low PEG values. Further PEG research can be carried out on companies with high-risk characteristics such as banking, mining, property, real estate, construction, and buildings.
THE EFFECT OF WORKLOADS ON TURNOVER INTENTION WITH WORK STRESS AS MEDIATION AND SOCIAL SUPPORT AS MODERATED VARIABLES
Authors:   Master of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Wibowo Akbar , Setiawan Margono ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Yuniarinto Agung ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the relationship of workload, work stress, and social support for employee turnover intentions of PT. Bentoel Prima Malang. This study uses a population of all Primary Manufacturing Department (PMD) permanent employees of 83 employees. All members of the population are used as research samples (total sampling). Analysis tool to test the relationship between variables using the help of smartPLS 3.0. The results showed that workload did not significantly influence turnover intention. Job stress plays a mediating role between workload and work stress. Social support does not moderate work stress on turnover intention. The theoretical implications of this research provide opportunities for further research on workloads, not a major factor in employee decisions leaving the organization. Practical implications in this study provide new insights to companies and employees about the negative impact of increasing workload.
Synthesis and Activation Study of Iron (Fe) Based Fischer Tropsch (FT) Catalyst Using Sol-gel Method
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Brawijaya University, Zainul Anwar Muchammad , Triandi Tjahjanto Rachmat ,   Chemistry Department, Brawijaya University, Hasanah Uswantun ,   Chemistry Department, Brawijaya University
Published: June 2021

As oil consumption increases from year to year, efforts need to be made to increase energy reserves by developing new renewable energy. One way to develop energy sources is by the synthesis Fischer Tropsch (FT). FT is a synthetic gas conversion reaction (mixture of CO and H2) into a long chain hydrocarbon mixture. The FT reaction requires a catalyst called the FT catalyst. So far, many studies that examine the effectiveness of catalysts in converting synthesis gas into long chain hydrocarbons, but rarely information about the composition of the phases that exist on the surface of the catalyst. To study about it, we synthesized FT catalysts at various variations of calcination temperature. Fe(NO3)3 as a precursor and Cu(NO3)2 as promoter (20:1) used in this study. The calcination temperature used are 300, 500, and 700°C. Characterization and analysis of catalysts were formed with XRD and SEM-EDX. Calcined catalysts were activated using CO2 and H2 gas and then re-characterized with XRD and SEM-EDX. Calcination results the formation of an iron oxide phase, while activation results the formation of iron carbide and zero Fe phases.
Characterization of Protease Soluble Collagen (PSC) From Milkfish Scales (Chanos chanos)
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Malang, Lutfiana Nia , Suharti Suharti ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Malang, Susanti Evi ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Malang
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to characterize protease soluble collagen (PSC) obtained from milkfish scales, extraction using protease from proteolytic bacteria HTcUM7.1 isolate. The characterization included Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) spectra, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) profile, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), denaturation temperature by Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) and solubility. The resulting PSC from milkfish scales has white color, fiber with a length of about 20-60 µm, FTIR spectra and SDS-PAGE profile showed that PSC was collagen Type I and denaturation temperature was 145.48 °C, with maximum solubility at pH 1-3 and 1-2 % NaCl. Its high denaturation temperature value allows the collagen to be applied in the fields of medicines and cosmetics.
Analysis of Population Differences in Digital Conversations About Cancer Clinical Trials: Advanced Data Mining and Extraction Study
Authors: Perez Edith A , Jaffee Elizabeth M , Whyte John , Boyce Cheryl A , Carpten John D , Lozano Guillermina , Williams Raymond M , Winkfield Karen M , Bernstein David , Poblete Sung
Published: June 2021

Background

Racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials for cancer treatment is essential for the development of treatments that are effective for all patients and for identifying potential differences in toxicity between different demographics. Mining of social media discussions about clinical trials has been used previously to identify patient barriers to enrollment in clinical trials; however, a comprehensive breakdown of sentiments and barriers by various racial and ethnic groups is lacking.

Objective

The aim of this study is to use an innovative methodology to analyze web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials and to identify and compare conversation topics, barriers, and sentiments between different racial and ethnic populations.

Methods

We analyzed 372,283 web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials, of which 179,339 (48.17%) of the discussions had identifiable race information about the individual posting the conversations. Using sophisticated machine learning software and analyses, we were able to identify key sentiments and feelings, topics of interest, and barriers to clinical trials across racial groups. The stage of treatment could also be identified in many of the discussions, allowing for a unique insight into how the sentiments and challenges of patients change throughout the treatment process for each racial group.

Results

We observed that only 4.01% (372,283/9,284,284) of cancer-related discussions referenced clinical trials. Within these discussions, topics of interest and identified clinical trial barriers discussed by all racial and ethnic groups throughout the treatment process included health care professional interactions, cost of care, fear, anxiety and lack of awareness, risks, treatment experiences, and the clinical trial enrollment process. Health care professional interactions, cost of care, and enrollment processes were notably discussed more frequently in minority populations. Other minor variations in the frequency of discussion topics between ethnic and racial groups throughout the treatment process were identified.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the power of digital search technology in health care research. The results are also valuable for identifying the ideal content and timing for the delivery of clinical trial information and resources for different racial and ethnic groups.
Usability, Acceptability, and Safety Analysis of a Computer-Tailored Web-Based Exercise Intervention (ExerciseGuide) for Individuals With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Multi-Methods Laboratory-Based Study
Authors: Evans Holly EL , Forbes Cynthia C , Galvão Daniel A , Vandelanotte Corneel , Newton Robert U , Wittert Gary , Chambers Suzanne , Vincent Andrew D , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Girard Danielle , Brook Nicholas , Short Camille E
Published: June 2021

Background

Digital health interventions such as tailored websites are emerging as valuable tools to provide individualized exercise and behavioral change information for individuals diagnosed with cancer.

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate and iteratively refine the acceptability and usability of a web-based exercise intervention (ExerciseGuide) for men with metastatic prostate cancer and determine how well individuals can replicate the video-based exercise prescription.

Methods

A laboratory-based multi-methods design was used, incorporating questionnaires, think-aloud tests, interviews, and movement screening among 11 men aged 63 to 82 years with metastatic prostate cancer. Overall, 9 participants were undergoing androgen deprivation therapy, and 2 were completing chemotherapy. Data were collected in two waves, with changes made for quality improvement after participant 5.

Results

The intervention’s usability score was deemed moderate overall but improved after modifications (from 60, SD 2.9 to 69.6, SD 2.2 out of 100). Overall, the participants found the intervention acceptable, with scores improving from wave 1 (24.2, SD 1.1 out of 30) to wave 2 (26.3, SD 2.1 out of 30). The personalized multimodal exercise prescription and computer-tailored education were seen as valuable. After wave 1, website navigation videos were added, medical terminology was simplified, and a telehealth component was included after expert real-time telehealth support was requested. Wave 2 changes included the added variety for aerobic exercise modes, reduced computer-tailoring question loads, and improved consistency of style and grammar. Finally, the participants could replicate the resistance exercise videos to a satisfactory level as judged by the movement screen; however, additional technique cueing within the videos is recommended to address safety concerns.

Conclusions

The acceptability and usability of ExerciseGuide were deemed satisfactory. Various problems were identified and resolved. Notably, the participants requested the inclusion of personalized expert support through telehealth. The resistance training algorithms were shown to provide appropriate content safely, and the users could replicate the exercise technique unaided to a satisfactory level. This study has optimized the ExerciseGuide intervention for further investigation in this population.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12618001978257; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618001978257
Crossing Borders in Initial Teacher Education: Supporting Translations in the Inner-City Practicum
Authors: Kerr Jeannie , Adamov Ferguson Katya
Published: June 2021

Research examining teacher candidates’ preparation to teach in high-poverty, urban contexts marked by diversities and inequalities, throughout North America and internationally, is predominantly focused on examining and changing problematic attitudes based in white normativity and privilege. While this is extremely important, there has been a noted absence of research that supports translations of critical ideas from coursework into the practicum experience. In this article we share a case-study of eight teacher candidates supported by a practicum team approach designed to support these translations into the inner-city teaching practicum. The study is designed and analyzed through decolonial, settler-colonial, critical, and Indigenous theories and philosophies. The authors found common deficit perspectives in the practicum site, but that a relational focus across university and school contexts supported the translation of critical ideas into practice. This study recommends a more explicit engagement with settler colonialism and white privilege within both the practicum and coursework.
The Universe is Otherwise—5/26 Edition
Authors: Schroeder Paul
Published: June 2021

There are significant issues when defining the universe. Original theories over time were limited and led to mistakes under more detailed investigation. The components of early models remain and misdirect our ongoing understanding of the Universe. This leads to today’s questionable cosmology. The current cosmology is called the standard model.
Methods of Determination of Optimal Points of Radio Monitoring Means Placement
Authors:   Korolyov Zhytomyr Military Institute, Dupelych Serhii , Bovsunovskyi Viktor ,   Korolyov Zhytomyr Military Institute, Dmytro akymets Dmytro ,   Korolyov Zhytomyr Military Institute, Zhantalai Oleksandr ,   Military unit A3438
Published: June 2021

The effectiveness of the radio monitoring system depends on the correctness of determining the coordinates of the location of radio monitoring tools at the stage of planning their application. The decision on the choice of position for radio monitoring should consider the heterogeneity of the terrain in the area of tasks, the presence of natural and electronic interference, which can lead to deterioration of conditions for receiving signals from radio sources. The use of the known methods, techniques, and algorithms for the placement of radio monitoring tools does not fully consider the requirements mentioned above. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of radio monitoring in a particular area of performance. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for spatial placement of radio monitoring to ensure the effectiveness of radio monitoring in a particular area of tasks, taking into account the heterogeneity of the terrain, as well as natural and artificial electronic interference. Determining the coordinates of radio monitoring facilities included in the radio monitoring system involves determining the allowable options for their placement in a particular area of tasks using the mathematical apparatus of the dense placement function and its hodograph and further thinning of the matrix of acceptable solutions based on restrictions. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is the optimization problem of geometric design for radio monitoring of complex spatial forms. At the same time, the peculiarities of completing the radio monitoring system using different types are also taken into account. It is expedient to use the developed technique for the planning of application of the system of radio monitoring; formation of working decisions on the construction of the radio monitoring system; assessing the quality of decisions and the formation of alternatives; ensuring the adaptation of the structure of the radio monitoring system to changes in the situation under the influence of the enemy and the formation of new zones of electronic interference.
Characterisation of Natural and HDTMA-Br Modified Dijah-Monkin Bentonite Clay: FTIR, XRF, XRD and SEM
Authors:   Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Oloyede Olukayode Gideon , Aroke Umar Omeiza ,   Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Giwa Saidat Olanipekun ,   Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Jock Alexander Asanja ,   University of Uyo
Published: June 2021

In this study, Dijah-Monkin bentonite clay was modified with a cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) at the level of twice the cation exchange capacity (CEC). This process results in the development of hydrophobic organoclay with an improved adsorption capacity. The clay obtained from Zing LGA Taraba State, North-East Nigeria, was beneficiated and pulverised to a particle size of 125 µm. The modification was performed without acid activation to prevent damages to the clay’s crystal structure. The organoclay was characterised for chemical composition, functional groups, mineralogical and surface morphology using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The XRD showed an increase in the basal spacing from 15.681Å to 17.758 Å, while the XRF revealed a 5.35% concentration of Br on the modified clay, indicating successful intercalation. The FTIR spectra also revealed the appearance of symmetric and asymmetric stretching bands at 2847.7cm-1 and 2914.8cm-1, respectively, as a consequence of the modification, resulting in more sites for adsorption.
Social Workers’ Digital Competencies as a Prerequisite of their Readyness for Education of Elderly People
Authors:   Academy of Labour, Social Relations and Tourism, Karkach Andrii , Semigina Tetyana ,   Academy of Labour, Social Relations and Tourism
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the level of readiness of social workers to teach digital technologies to the elderly in universities of the third age, which operate based on territorial centres of social services. The study was conducted in the Poltava region from June 2020 - October 2020. The sample was social workers who provide educational services to students of the University of the Third Age. The total number of respondents was 73 people. The digital literacy analysis of social workers providing geronto-education services was conducted according to five main parameters: information literacy, computer literacy, communication and media literacy, and technology literacy. The results of the digital literacy assessment show that two-thirds of social worker-teachers have enough knowledge, skills and follow the right attitudes. At the same time, digital skills received an average of 3.2 points (3.4 urban and 3.0 rural) out of 5 possible. The majority of social workers (66 people, 90%) have been actively using digital technologies in the geronto-educational process of the Third Age University for less than ten years. The study found out that 96% of social workers-gerorogists desire to move to online learning in the current situation, of which 78% expressed a desire to undergo professional retraining in online learning. As the main obstacles to mastering and developing gerorogical technologies-innovations, social workers named: insufficient awareness of digital innovations, lack of scientific and methodological literature on social technologies for teaching elderly people; lack of logistics for the application of gerorogical digital innovations; lack of material incentives. The results of the study indicate the need to develop social workers-gerorogists: knowledge in the field of modern computer technology and software, as well as the principles of their work; skills of using modern technologies (gadgets and applications); installations in the field of verification of information from the Internet and mass media; attitudes about the benefits of modern gadgets for the daily life of a professional.
Establishment and Development of Vocational School in Ukraine (the second half of the XIX century - 1919): Axiological and Historical-Pedagogical Aspects
Authors:   Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Pahuta Myroslav
Published: June 2021

The article reveals axiological and historical-pedagogical aspects of the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine from the second half of the XIX century until 1919. Conducted analysis of axiological and historical-pedagogical aspects of the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth century - 1919 has proved that this period is characterized by significant axiological and structural transformations of the then educational sphere. On the one hand, this was manifested in the strict control and despotic imperial policy, which instructed imperial officials to ruthlessly destroy any manifestations of educational democracy and the development of national educational trends in Ukraine, and on the other hand, society's demands and time to develop a new, more democratic, education system which had to be based on preparing young people for life. The article reveals the main ideas and approaches that formed the basis for the development of a vocational school in the territory of Ukraine. It has been established that in the specified period, the ideas of free and vocational education of students became especially popular in Ukraine among the progressive segments of the population. The particular value of these ideas for Ukrainian teachers was that they were based on the principles of democratic and humanistic nature, which opened up significant opportunities for teachers in the way of democratization of the educational process, updating the content, forms and methods of teaching and educating students. These ideas and approaches, along with the requirement of universal access to education, formed the basis for the development of a single vocational school during the years of Ukrainian statehood, which provided for the development of the value-based educational ideas within the then national educational paradigm. It is concluded that, despite all the difficulties in the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine within the period under study, we can safely say that vocational school itself and the ideas underlying it were essential and valuable for the Ukrainian society at that time.
Sociolinguistic Factors Affecting Tense Variation in Singapore English
Authors: Leong Wesley
Published: June 2021

Despite English being the primary official language of Singapore, many of its citizens show deviations from Standard Singapore English (SSE) in speech or writing. In particular, it has been noted that Singapore English speakers may produce non-standard tense morphology, often omitting verbal past-tense markers in past-tense contexts. However, a couple of open questions remain: are there any social or external factors driving this variation, and is this variation morphological or phonological? To address these questions, I asked participants to complete a verbal interview and written questionnaire designed to probe how they inflect verbs, and examined if conformity to SSE is predicted by age, sex, or mother tongue. The results suggest that non-standard tense use does not differ along these lines. They also support earlier claims that tense marker omission in SSE is phonological, rather than morphological, for a majority of speakers, but that there is a small group for whom the variation may be morphological.
ECG Analysis for HRV Detection
Authors: Gawade Ratnadeep
Published: June 2021

In this paper an algorithm is proposed for estimation of HRV with better accuracy and results. We are making use of Auto Regressive Model (AR Model) for the estimation. Since ECG wave is also contaminated with a lot of noise such as Power Line Interference (PLI), EMG and just some common artifacts like breathing disturbance’s, so to filter out all this noise from the wave we are using Cumulant based AR model for filtering the wave. Using IoT we will later use real time ECG waves to estimate HRV.
Malware Classification using Machine Learning Algorithms and Tools
Authors: Chavan Mr. Vikram
Published: June 2021

The explosive growth of malware variants poses a major threat to information security. Malware is the one which frequently growing day by day and becomes major threats to the Internet Security. According to numerous increasing of worm malware in the networks nowadays, it became a serious danger that threatens our computers. Networks attackers did these attacks by designing the worms. A designed system model is needed to defy these threats, prevent it from multiplying and spreading through the network, and harm our computers. In this paper, we designed a classification on system model for this issue. The designed system detects the worm malware that depends on the information of the dataset that is taken from website, the system will receive the input package and then analyze it, the Naïve Bayesian classification technique will start to work and begin to classify the package, by using the data mining Naïve Bayesian classification technique, the system worked fast and gained great results in detecting the worm. By applying the Naïve Bayesian classification technique using its probability mathematical equations for both threat data and benign data, the technique will detect the malware and classify data whether it was threat or benign.
Student Assistant: Bot Acting as a Students Personal Assistant
Authors: Guha Joy
Published: June 2021

Chat-bots assistant area of computer programs coded to possess a matter or verbal spoken language that is logical or intelligent. Chat-bots area unit designed to create humans believe that they're reprimand a human; however instead they're actually reprimand a machine. Taking advantage of this transparency property of chat-bot, a man-made character and temperament may be given to a chat-bot that acts sort of a person of a particular profession. This paper describes AN approach the concept of implementing “STUDENT ASSISTANT” a larva can solve several issues associated with students studies or teachers. The necessary options of this project is, when the required or necessary info from the students WhatsApp group (like-examdate’s, result, faculty raise something etc ) it'll cue the scholars if they are doing not seen the message. Chatbot helps the scholars in fixing schedule and adding them within the calendar. And conjointly it helps as a pursuit engine.
Multi Integer Linear Programming and the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Sathyapriya S.
Published: June 2021

The Travelling Salesman problem is considered as a binary integer problem. For this problem, several stop variables and subtours are discussed. The stops are generated and the distance between those stops are found, consequently the graphs are drawn. Further the variables are declared and the constraints are framed. Then the initial problem is visualised along with the subtour constraints in order to achieve the required output.
Automation Supply Control of Substation during Disaster
Authors: Chandekar Roshani
Published: June 2021

Green and sustainable power is the need of the day. With widening supply and demand gap, power management has become one of the most critical areas of concern all over the world. India’s energy consumption is increasing at one of the fastest rates in the world. Hence, we require Substation Automation Systems in the present day substations to efficiently control and deliver power. The main objective is to create a SCADA system for the desired substation. Power automation serving electric supply locations often require special protection against the effects of fault-produced. Protection relays need to function immediately when a faulty condition occurs. This is why Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED’s) are brought in for safe operation of switchyard devices, which can prevent disasters to energy supply and help in human safety. With the introduction of IEC 61850, utility communication will be used for substation automation and also for protection purposes within a substation and between substations. A Substation Automation System (SAS) provides facility to control and monitor all the equipment in the substation locally as well as remotely. A Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition (SCADA) system provides users with a Human Machine Interface (HMI) which can be used for controlling, monitoring and protection of devices. This saves us cost and time.Substations are key components of the power grid, facilitating the efficient transmission and distribution of electricity Substation automation systems make their control and monitoring possible in real time and help maximize availability, efficiency, reliability, safety and data integration.
Review on Structural Software Testing Coverage Approaches
Authors: Singh Yogesh Dev
Published: June 2021

Testing is broadly classified into three levels: Unit Testing, Addition Testing, and System Testing. Whenever we think of developing any software we always concentrate on making the software bug free and most reliable. At this point of time Testing is used to make the software a bug free. Software Testing has been measured as the most important stage of the software development life cycle. Around 60% of resources and money are cast-off for the testing of software. Testing can be manual or automated. Software testing is an activity that emphases at assessing the competence of a program and commands that it truly meets the excellence results. There are many test cases that help in detecting the bugs so, in this paper we describe about the most commonly used test cases and testing techniques for the error detection.
IOT Early Flood Detection & Alerting System using Arduino
Authors: Lakshmi A. Vijaya
Published: June 2021

The technical and scientific advancements in the current industrial age have revolutionized our lives and provided us with plenty of comforts and conveniences. However, this industrial progress has come at a hefty cost of global warming and environmental disasters. The increasing carbon footprints and greenhouse gas emissions have severely disturbed the natural cycle of rains and floods. Hence, now we are facing the dangers of unwarned floods more than ever before. Flooding is typically brought on by an increased quantity of water during a water system, sort of a lake, river overflowing. On occasion a dam fractures, abruptly releasing a huge quantity of water. The outcome is that a number of the water travels into soil, and ‘flooding’ the region. In order to detect and reduce damages caused by floods in a timely manner, technology plays a crucial role. With the help of technology, we can reduce natural disasters caused by floods. In this system we make use of a Arduino Uno interfaced with 4 different sensors, named as Ultrasonic sensor for measuring water levels, float sensor detect full water, Flow sensor for knowing speed of water and humidity sensor. These combinations of sensor are used to predict flood and alert respective authorities with help of IOT and sound instant alarm in nearby villages to instantly transmit information about possible floods. These sensors provide information over the IOT using Wi-Fi module. On detection of conditions of flooding the system predicts the quantity of your time it migh take to arrive a specific area and alerts the villages/areas that would be affected by it.