bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Çıldır’daki Tarihî ve Arkeolojik Merkezlere İlişkin İlk Gözlemler
Authors: ARDA Göknil
Published: October 2023

Aras ve Kür (Kura) Nehirleri, Güney Kafkasya’daki en geniş nehir havzasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu akarsular bölgede kurulan devletlerin ekonomik olarak gelişmesine ve kalkınmasına önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Kür Nehri havzası coğrafi konumu sebebiyle Anadolu ile Kafkasya’yı birbirine bağlayan yolların üzerinde yer alır. Coğrafi konumundan dolayı bahse konu havza, tarihin ilk dönemlerinden itibaren ticaret güzergâhı olmasının yanı sıra Güney Kafkasya ile Basra Körfezi arasındaki bağlantıda stratejik bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Karadeniz bağlantısıyla Avrupa, Hazar Denizi üzerinden ise Asya içlerine ulaşıma olanak sağlar. Böylece kuzey-güney, doğu-batı yönleri arasında bağlantıyı mümkün kılar. Bu nehir havzasının Türkiye sınırları dışında kalan bölümleri birçok bilimsel çalışmaya konu olmuştur, buna karşın Türkiye sınırları içerisinde kalan bölümlerinde yapılmış kapsamlı bir çalışma henüz bulunmamaktadır. Bu sebeple yüzey araştırmamızda inceleme sahası olarak “Ardahan-Kür Nehri Havzası” belirlenmiştir. 2019 yılında Ardahan’ın Çıldır ilçesinde gerçekleştirilen ilk sezon çalışmasıyla Kür Nehri havzasındaki yerleşim yerlerinin, doğal ve/veya insan eliyle şekillendirilmiş mağaraların, kaya yerleşmelerinin, taşınır ve taşınmaz kültür varlıklarının tespiti ve belgelemesi yapılmış; bu yerlerin “CBS-Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri” ortamına aktarılması sağlanmıştır. Ardahan-Kür Nehri havzası daha önceki dönemlerde çeşitli bilimsel çalışmalara kısmen konu olmuştur. Bahse konu alanda tescillenerek kültür envanterine alınmış merkezler mevcuttur. Bunların yanı sıra yüzey araştırması çalışmamızda özellikle tescillenmemiş ve henüz bilim dünyasına tanıtılmamış tarihî ve arkeolojik merkezlerin bilimsel tespitlerinin yapılmasına gayret edilmiştir. Ayrıca proje kapsamında tespit edilen bazı alanların özellikle insan tahribatına karşı korunması, tescillenmesi ve kurtarma kazısı yapılması hususunda Kültür Bakanlığı’na gerekli müracaatlar yapılmıştır.
Lozan Konferansı’nda Yunan Yakıp-Yıkmaları ve Tamirat Bedeli Tartışmaları
Authors: ERTAN Temuçin
Published: October 2023

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından imzalanan Mondros Mütarekesi, Müttefik Devletlerin Anadolu’yu işgaline zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu doğrultuda 15 Mayıs 1919’da Anadolu’da başlayan Yunan işgali, Türk ordusunun direnişi ve karşı taarruzu ile son bulmuştur. Nitekim kazanılan askeri zafer diplomatik alanda da karşılığını bulmuş ve öncelikle Mudanya Mütarekesi imzalanmış ardından da Lozan Barış Konferansı toplanmıştır. Yunan ordusunun geri çekilişi sırasında Batı Anadolu’da yaratmış olduğu tahribattan kaynaklı zarar ve Türkiye’ye ödenecek tamirat bedeli konusu ise Lozan’da gündeme gelmiştir. Yunan ordusunun hiçbir sebep yokken geçtiği şehirlere verdiği hasarın bedelini ödemesi gerektiğini düşünen Türk heyeti, savunduğu tezi Lozan Barış Konferansı’nda kabul ettirerek Yunanistan’ının yaptıklarından maddi ve manevi olarak sorumlu tutulmasını sağlamıştır.
Sosyal, Kültürel ve Ekonomik Özellikleriyle Of İlçesi (1923-2010)
Authors: ASLAN Zehra
Published: October 2023

Trabzon’un ilçeleri arasında önemli bir yeri olan Of, Cumhuriyet’le birlikte idari, sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yönlerden birçok gelişmeye ve değişime sahne olmuştur. Sosyal yönden; imar planları, yeni yollar, altyapı çalışmaları gibi düzenlemelerin yapıldığı ilçede, toplumsal bir sorun olarak başta asayiş olmak üzere problemler yaşanmıştır. İki defa idari taksimatta yapılan değişikliklerle alanı daraltılan Of’ta, kültürel olarak gelişme sağlanmış bu çerçevede eğitim kurumları başta olmak üzere halk eğitimi çalışmaları yapılmış ve bir kütüphane kurulmuştur. İlçenin ekonomisi tarıma dayalı olup, bilhassa çay tarımının ilçede desteklenmesi ile birlikte etkileri görülmüştür. Ziraat dışında hayvancılık ve sahil kesimlerinde kıyı balıkçılığı önemli yer tutmaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yapıyı desteklemek amaçlı ilçede dernekler açılmıştır. Of ilçesinin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını 1923-2010 arasında genel hatları ile incelemeyi amaçlayan çalışma, Of Belediye Arşivi, TÜİK kayıtları, basın başta olmak üzere telif ve tetkik eserlerden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın Gölgesinde Türkiye’de Eğitim ve Öğretim
Authors: BENHÜR Çağatay , YÜKSEL Erol
Published: October 2023

Cumhuriyetle birlikte yeni Türk devletinin önündeki en büyük meselelerden birisi eğitim ve öğretim işleriydi. Çünkü bu dönemde eğitim bakımından Türk toplumu doğuya göre ileri fakat batının oldukça gerisindeydi. Bu bilinçle Cumhuriyetin ilanından itibaren gerek eğitim ve öğretimin yapılanması gerekse yaygınlaştırılması için önemli adımlar atıldı. Esasen “maarif davası” olarak görülen eğitim ve öğretim işlerinin planlama ve yatırım olarak İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında büyük bir ivme kazandığı bilinmektedir. İkinci Dünya Savaşı Türkiye’sinin askerî, siyasi, diplomatik, ekonomik ve sosyal yapısı farklı disiplinlerin çalışma konusu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Buna karşın çerçevesi İkinci Dünya Savaşı olarak belirlenmiş eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetleri ile ilgili bilimsel çalışma sınırlıdır. Savaşın özellikle ekonomik bakımdan olumsuz etkilerinin dönemin bütün bakanlık bütçelerine yansıdığı rahatlıkla görülür. Savaş öncesinde Türkiye’de eğitim ve öğretim bakımından planlı ve köklü adımlar atıldığı düşünüldüğünde savaşın bu olumsuz etkilerinin genel bütçeye nasıl yansıdığı, ne şekilde tedbirler alındığı, eğitim ve öğretim yatırımlarının savaş öncesine göre gelişimi ve değişimi gibi sorulara cevaplar önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmaya bu düşünceden hareket edilerek başlandı ve dönemin hükûmet raporları, meclis tutanakları ve arşiv belgeleri ışığında Türkiye’nin savaş yıllarındaki eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetleri, dönemin öğretim kademesi esas alınarak bir çerçeveye oturtuldu.
AWS Databases and Analytics
Authors: Dubey Parul , Kumar Tiwari Arvind , Raja Rohit
Published: October 2023

This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of various databases available
within AWS. It focuses on two key databases, namely Amazon RDS and Amazon
Aurora, detailing their architecture and functionality. The chapter includes a
comprehensive guide to creating a new RDS database, covering all necessary details.
Additionally, the chapter introduces a section dedicated to data analytics in AWS. It
discusses essential components such as Glue, Redshift, and Quicksight, highlighting
their significance and use cases within the AWS ecosystem. By delving into the
intricacies of AWS databases and data analytics tools, this chapter equips readers with
the knowledge required to make informed decisions and effectively leverage these
services. It serves as a valuable resource for understanding the architecture, creation,
and practical applications of Amazon RDS, and Amazon Aurora, as well as data
analytics tools like Glue, Redshift, and Quicksight within AWS.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МАРКЕРІВ ЗАПАЛЕННЯ: РОЗКРИТТЯ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ МЕТАБОЛІТОТРОПНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Бєлінський Микита , Середюк Нестор
Published: October 2023

Інфаркт міокарда з елевацією сегмента ST (STEMI) є основною причиною захворюваності та смертності у всьому світі. Цукровий діабет 2 типу (ЦД2) підвищує ризик розвитку STEMI через такі фактори, як запалення низького ступеня. Маркери запалення та сполуки, такі як кверцетин та аденозин, відіграють важливу роль в оцінці та лікуванні цих станів.

Мета. Оцінити вплив кверцетину та аденозинвмісного препарату Адвокард на запалення низької інтенсивності у пацієнтів з ІМ та супутнім ЦД2.

Матеріали та методи. У дослідження було включено 97 стаціонарних пацієнтів з STEMI та ЦД2, які були розподілені на три групи. Група 1 отримувала стандартне лікування, група 2 - стандартне лікування з внутрішньовенним введенням кверцетину, а група 3 - кверцетин з препаратом Адвокард. Всім пацієнтам була проведена реваскуляризація міокарда зі стентуванням.

Результати та обговерння. На початку дослідження не було виявлено значущих кореляцій між групами лікування та рівнями лейкоцитів і нейтрофілів. Однак аналіз даних після лікування виявив помітні відмінності. У групі 3 спостерігався значно нижчий рівень лейкоцитів і нейтрофілів порівняно з іншими групами лікування, що свідчить про більш потужний протизапальний ефект, пов'язаний з цим специфічним лікуванням. Результати цього дослідження підкреслюють потенційні переваги метаболітотропної терапії в модулюванні запальних процесів. Значне зниження рівня лейкоцитів і нейтрофілів, а також деяких маркерів запалення свідчить про те, що лікування в групі 3 пропонує комплексний підхід до зменшення запалення.

Висновки. Були отримані переконливі докази на користь додавання Адвокарду та кверцитину до стандартного лікування для посилення протизапальної активності. Зменшення кількості лейкоцитів і нейтрофілів, а також стійке зниження індексів запалення вказують на потенціал Адвокарду і кверцитину модулювати запалення та покращувати загальний стан здоров'я.
Practical Lesson in a New Discussion Format – Clinical Case Discussion
Authors: Yatsyshyn Roman , Cherniuk Nataliia , Drohomeretska Oksana , Vyshyvanyuk Vira
Published: October 2023

The exceptional availability of high-tech simulators is not enough to ensure the high quality of practical training of the future medical specialists. The main condition is the use of certain pedagogical technologies that ensure the continuity of the system of practice and improvement of practical skills and preparation for competent professional activity at all stages of the future doctor training.

In recent years, there has been a clear trend to improve the methods of simulation technologies in medical education at the undergraduate stage of the future doctors’ training. At the same time, an important direction is the step-by-step analysis of clinical cases followed by an extended discussion (with the elements of debriefing) and the use of additional information in the form of separate information blocks with visualization. Only at this stage it is possible to practice communication skills, to understand the clinical route of the patient, as well as to discuss possible rehabilitation and preventive measures.

The aim of this article is to share own experience of the implementation of a highly effective teaching method – the discussion of clinical cases, Clinical Case Discussion (CCD), which promotes the development of deep clinical thinking in students, the ability to practically apply knowledge in various fields of medicine, the performance of the applied differential diagnosis, and the formation of the real tactics of the diagnostic search and/or treatment of a specific patient on the example of this clinical case.

Performance of a practical session in the new Clinical Case Discussion (CCD) format promotes the development of clinical thinking, allows students to systematize the material obtained and separate dominant signs (symptoms) from secondary ones, justify the appointment of laboratory and instrumental examination methods, verify the diagnosis and develop a number of rehabilitation measures. Active participation in the discussion of specialists of related specialties (depending on the topic of the clinical case and the primary manifestation of the disease) demonstrates the importance of interdisciplinary interaction and the ability to work in a team. The use in the process of clinical discussion of separate information blocks (with visualization) regarding important symptoms, as well as diseases with which it is necessary to perform differential diagnosis, contributes to analytical thinking, a syndromological systematized approach and the formation of a final diagnosis.
The Influence of Natural, Preformed Physical Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with the Metabolic Syndrome on the Compensation of Carbohydrate Metabolism According to the Results of Continuous Glucose Level Monitoring
Authors: Romaniv Taras , Skrypnyk Nadiya
Published: October 2023

In recent years, rehabilitative and preventive areas of medicine have become relevant. Restorative treatment and rehabilitation with the use of complex resort therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes have been relevant in recent years. The purpose of our study was to investigate the variability of glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with MS under the influence of natural and preformed physical factors at the sanatorium of SPK "Morshinkurort" in Morshin. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed using the Metronic Guardian Connect system in 48 patients with type 2 diabetes and MS for an average of 14 days before and after treatment. Daily monitoring of blood glucose was carried out using the "Metronic" device. We used traditional indicators of glycemia variability according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association. All patients with type 2 diabetes and MS had signs of abdominal obesity, which was evidenced by an increase not only in BMI, but also in OT. Their waist circumference was 112.06±5.59 in men and 107.64±2.46 in women. After the course of treatment, the NOMA IR index decreased by 3 times (p<0.05). The content of fasting insulin in the blood after 3 months of treatment probably decreased by 45%, which indicates a significant contribution of sanatorium-spa therapy in overcoming hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in general. For optimal diabetes control, in addition to HbA1c, we must consider CGM and % Time in range (TIR) ​​(time in target range). TIR: (3.9–10.0 mmol/l) in the studied patients before treatment was 53.30±5.90% and significantly differed from patients after treatment - 72.53±7.41% (p < 0.05 ) (with a norm of >70%). TIR should be used as a target point as an indicator of glycemic control in routine clinical practice. Under the influence of natural and preformed physical factors in the conditions of the "Morshinkurort" medical center in Morshyn, in patients with type 2 diabetes with MS, the variability of glycemia according to CGM data is likely to decrease, which makes it possible to achieve strategic goals and criteria for the effectiveness of treatment of diabetes. CGM plays an important role in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of treatment, including the prevention of hypoglycemia.
Assessment of the State of Macro- and Microelement Composition of Oral Fluid in Teenagers and Young Adults Smokers
Authors: Lisetska Iryna , Rozhko Mykola
Published: October 2023

It is known that minerals play an important role in the regulation of various functions of the body and each cell separately, their optimal content is necessary for the formation of the body's adaptive response, for maintaining human health, while some of them are involved in the development of pathological processes. The imbalance of trace elements is one of the causes of membranotoxic enzymatic effects of cell structure and function disorders, imbalance of the body's microflora, increased lipid peroxidation, activation of adhesion processes, disruption of intercellular homeostasis, etc. Changes in the elemental composition of the oral fluid play an important role in the development of dental pathology, such as dental caries and periodontal tissue diseases. Oral fluid is highly sensitive to the effects of adverse factors, is a convenient informative non-invasive medium for clinical, including early, diagnosis of human health, and can show macro- and microelemental imbalances, which can be used as an additional marker for assessing adverse effects, such as tobacco smoke.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of smoking on the macro- and microelement composition of oral fluid in teenagers and young adults.
Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Medical and Dental Clinic System using Arena
Authors: Mohd Fadilah Nur Zahiah , Wan Shahidan Wan Nurshazelin , Sharif Noorzila
Published: October 2023

Enhancing sustainability for private clinics by balancing between the service provided and the expenditures incurred is a great challenge. This study observed the service performance of a clinic that offers medical and dental treatment, which was illustrated using a simulation model. Based on the observation, the overall utilization rate of staff is 48%, and the average waiting time in the dental consultation process is 12.141 minutes. Model 3, which reduces the number of staff at the registration counter, can improve performance by increasing the utilization rate to 55.35% and reducing the average waiting time to 10.5 minutes.
Influence of Government Intervention towards Industry 4.0 Adoption among Service Sector SMEs: Perspective from an emerging economy
Authors: Muhamad Mira Qerul Barriah , Syed Mohamad Syed Jamal Abdul Nasir , Mat Nor Norzanah
Published: October 2023

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have the potential to leverage emerging technologies during the Industry 4.0 era. However, their adoption of these technologies remains challenging. The target population consists of service sector SMEs in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, registered under SME Corporation Malaysia. In this study, we gathered data through a combination of self-distributed questionnaires and online surveys. We obtained a total of 142 responses from in-person visits and an additional 106 responses from online questionnaires. Thus, a total of 248 usable surveys were collected and analysed using SPSS version 28 and SmartPLS version 4. We employed PLS-SEM analysis to examine the impact of four factors on the adoption of Industry 4.0 in SMEs. These factors include relative advantage, compatibility, complexity and cost. Additionally, we explored the moderating effect of government intervention on the relationships between these factors and Industry 4.0 adoption. This research makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of technological implementation in small-scale enterprises by proposing a new moderating variable in framework.
Predicting Kereh River's Water Quality: A comparative study of machine learning models
Authors: Nasaruddin Norashikin , Ahmad Afida , Zakaria Shahida Farhan , Ul-Saufie Ahmad Zia , Osman Mohamed Syazwan
Published: October 2023

This study introduces a machine learning-based approach to forecast the water quality of the Kereh River and categorize it into 'polluted' or 'slightly polluted' classifications. This work employed three machine learning algorithms: decision tree, random forests (RF), and boosted regression tree, leveraging data spanning from 2010 to 2019. Through comparative analysis, the RF model emerged as the most efficient, boasting an accuracy of 97.30%, sensitivity of 100.00%, specificity of 94.74%, and precision of 95.00%. Notably, the RF model identified dissolved oxygen (DO) as the paramount variable influencing water quality predictions.
Perceptions and Attitudes of Finance Students towards Economics Education
Authors: Othman Muhammad Hanif , Rabun Mohd Nazir
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the perceptions and attitudes of finance students at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) towards economics education and its associations with academic performance among students. A quantitative design was used and the participants included 101 students. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Three variables were identified from the 23-item questionnaire, namely ‘Lecturer teaching style and classroom learning environment’, 'Students’ preparation and readiness’, and 'Students’ commitment’. The regression of the final examination scores on the three variables extracted from factor analysis revealed that only lecturers’ teaching style and classroom learning environment was significantly associated with students’ academic performance.
Are Malaysians ready for Rabbit Meat? An exploratory to assess readiness of Malaysians to accept rabbit meat as an alternative protein source
Authors: Idris Nur Hafidzah , Muhammad Nur Syuhada , Abas Aemillyawaty , Kasmn2 Muhammad Nazri
Published: October 2023

This study explores the readiness of Malaysians to accept rabbit meat as an alternative protein source. As meat prices rise, identifying alternative options like rabbit meat becomes crucial. Rabbit meat offers nutritional value and is easy to breed, making it a potential substitute. Through a quantitative survey, the study reveals that many Malaysians acknowledge rabbit meat's health benefits and consider it a viable food source. However, concerns related to empathy for animals and the association of rabbits with pets influence resistance to its consumption. With these challenges, future interventions and education campaigns can promote wider acceptance of rabbit meat as an alternative protein source in Malaysia.
Malaysian Smart Retirement Cities: Perspectives of retirees
Authors: Noordin Nazni , Zakaria Zaherawati , Mohamed Sawal Mohd Zool Hilmie , Azmi Muhammad Syahmizan , Aminuddin Adnan
Published: October 2023

By 2050, the global population of 60 years and above is expected to double to 2 billion. Malaysia will also experience an increase, with 15.3% of its population over 60 by 2030. The government must establish a comprehensive retirement city framework to improve seniors' quality of life. This study proposes a sustainable smart retirement city framework through interviews with retired individuals using thematic analysis, which comprises Smart Living, Smart People, Smart Infrastructure, Smart Economy, and Smart Environment.
ISO 9126 Quality Model For Evaluating of Student Portal: Al-Madinah International University (Case study)
Authors: Al Moaiad Yazeed , Abu Bakar Zainab , Zamin Norshuhani , Yahya Yazrina
Published: October 2023

E-learning is a teaching system that involves electronic resources such as computers and the Internet, and the student portal is an essential tool that supports learning in universities. However, there is a limited evaluation model for educational websites. Therefore, a framework is required to guide the creation of such a model. The study conducted evaluates the quality of the student portal at Al-Madinah International University based on ISO 9126 quality model from the student's perspective, and the results show a good quality portal. Nonetheless, students suggest improvements to enhance its effectiveness, ease of use, and learning process.
Damping of an Oscillatory System with Incomplete Sealing of the Air Cavity by a Magnetic Fluid
Authors: Shel’deshova E. V. , Churaev A. A. , Ignatenko N. M. , Neruchev Yu. A. , Rjapolov P. A.
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Investigate the damping of an oscillatory system with incomplete sealing of the air cavity with a magnetic fluid.Methods. The study was carried out on an experimental setup developed on the basis of known methods and equipment for magnetic measurements and manufactured independently. A ring neodymium magnet (NdFeB alloy) 60x24x10 mm in size was used as a magnetic field source. The magnetic field strength at the center of the magnet, measured with a TPU-01 milliteslamer, is 220 kA/m. An inductor, a GVT-427B amplifier, and a GwInstek GDS-72072 digital oscilloscope were used to display oscillograms. Samples of magnetic fluid based on Fe3O4 magnetite stabilized with oleic acid were studied. Kerosene was used as the carrier liquid.Results. The results of an experimental study of the elasticity and damping of an oscillatory system with incomplete sealing of the air cavity by a magnetic fluid bridge are presented. The level of sealing of the air cavity varies due to the process of pumping gas through capillaries of various radii. To explain the regularities obtained, a model theory is proposed in the approximation of a viscous gas flow according to the Poiseuille law, and the conclusions of the wellknown theory of sound propagation in molecular acoustics and the theory of sound ducts are also drawn. The relaxation mechanism imposes a restriction on the type of vibrational gas flow through the capillaries, which takes into account the "throughput" capacity of the capillaries. The proposed model explains the presence of a maximum in the dependence of the attenuation coefficient on the capillary radius and its decrease with an increase in the volume (height) of the gas cavity.Conclusion. The proposed relaxation theory of vibrational gas flow through capillaries predicts anomalously large damping coefficients and almost complete damping of an oscillatory system with a magnetic fluid inertial element. The use of the data obtained is advisable in the design of new shock absorbers, since a magnetic fluid damper with capillaries is capable of damping low-frequency oscillations.
Determination of Physico-Chemical and Adsorption-Structural Parameters of Sawdust and Their Various Modifications at the Structural Level
Authors: Lysenko A. V. , Levina K. A. , Yankiv K. F.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this work was to determine some physicochemical and adsorption-structural parameters of sawdust and their modified analogues.Methods. To determine the physicochemical and adsorption-structural parameters of sawdust and their various modifications, gravimetric, potentiometric, titrimetric methods of analysis were studied.To study the structure of sawdust, a Nicolet iS50 IR Fourier spectrometer and an OmegaScope™-SPM microscope with a confocal Raman and fluorescence spectrometer were used. The creation of molecular structural formulas was carried out in the integrated ChemOffice software package in ChemDraw 3D.Results. The data obtained showed that the sorption capacity of sawdust depends on the type of modification and on changes that have occurred at the molecular level. The greatest changes occurred with the type of modification of sodium hydroxide, the greatest formation of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups was noted.The results of IR spectrometry indicate that changes in the structure of the modified sorbents indicate a possible improvement in the ability of sawdust to sorb, including direct dyes.To determine the physicochemical parameters of sawdust and their various modifications, such characteristics as humidity, pH of the medium, settling rates, swelling, porosity, and bulk density were studied.The determination of the clarifying ability and adsorption activity of sawdust of various modifications was carried out using methylene blue. All samples of sawdust exhibit sorption properties, they can adsorb molecules ranging in size from 0.63 to 1.26 nm.Determined adsorption activity for iodine, characterized by iodine number and adsorption activity. The adsorption activity for iodine differs significantly (5.874-13.494), which is due to the different mechanism of sorption on various modifications of the cellulose sorbentConclusion. In this work, it is confirmed that the modification of sawdust with substances having an acidic and alkaline environment will positively affect the degree of sorption of the sorbent. Sawdust modified with 1% and 5% NaOH has the highest sorption capacity.With the help of IR spectroscopy, it has been proved that in the process of modification, changes occur in the sorbents at the structural level.
Structure and Properties of Electroerosion Powders Obtained from LS58-3 Brass Waste in Isopropyl Alcohol
Authors: Ageeva E. V. , Serebrovsky V. V. , Pereverzev A. S. , Abolmasova L. S.
Published: October 2023

Purpose of research. Study of the structure and properties of powders obtained by electroerosion of the LS58-3 alloy in a carbon-containing medium - isopropyl alcohol.Methods. The process of electrical erosion of LS58-3 alloy waste was carried out on a patented installation, LS58-3 alloy waste was used as metal waste. Isopropyl alcohol, which is a carbon-containing medium, was chosen as the working fluid.Studies of the morphology and granulometric composition of the obtained particles were carried out on an electron-ion scanning microscope "Quanta 600 FEG" and a laser particle size analyzer Analysette 22 NanoTec", respectively.X-ray spectral microanalysis of powders was carried out on an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer from EDAX (Netherlands) built into a scanning electron microscope QUANTA 200 3D (Netherlands). The phase analysis of the powders was performed on a Rigaku Ultima IV X-ray diffractometer (Japan).Results. An analysis of the morphology of the obtained powders showed that the particles are mainly spherical and elliptical in shape, as well as agglomerates.Analysis of the particle size distribution of the powder obtained using the Analysette 22 NanoTec particle size analyzer showed that the average particle size is 24 µm. This particle size was obtained in the operating mode of the installation, in which the electroerosion process proceeds stably.Analysis of the elemental composition has established that free carbon is contained on the surface of the powder particles. The remaining chemical elements Cu, Zn, Pb, Sn are distributed relatively evenly. The presence of free carbon is due to the chemical composition of the dispersion medium, which is carbon-containing.X-ray diffraction analysis of the obtained powders showed the presence of Cu3Zn, Pb, ZnO, CuO2, SnO2 phases. There are no carbide-forming elements in the composition of the alloy.It has been experimentally established that the composition, structure and properties of the charge of LS58-3 brass dispersed by electroerosion are affected by the chemical composition of the working fluid, as well as the dispersion modes.Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted experimental studies, it can be concluded that the use of electroerosive dispersion technology for the processing of LS58-3 brass waste and the production of powders based on it is relevant. It is noted that the particles of the resulting charge have a given set of properties and can be used by various methods of powder metallurgy.
Investigation of the Elemental Composition of Components of the Cutters of a Cold Miller by the Method of X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Kuznetsova L. P. , Kuznetsov K. Yu. , Kolmykov V. I. , Semenikhin B. A.
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Establishment of the elemental and quantitative composition of alloys - components of road milling cutters, which are used as working bodies for milling the road surface, by X-ray fluorescence analysis.Methods. To establish the chemical composition of alloys - components of cutters of a road milling cutter, WIRTGENW6/20X cutters and their domestic counterpart KZTS A6/20 were studied. The X-ray fluorescence method was chosen to study the elemental composition of the components of the road milling cutters. This method, based on the interaction of X-ray radiation with the analyzed substance, is the most effective and efficient method of analysis, which allows obtaining complete and reliable information about the elemental composition of complex samples in a minimum period of time without destroying them, while maintaining all the physicochemical properties, as well as without using a reference sample. The method is based on the correlation between the X-ray fluorescence intensity and the element concentration in the sample. As a result of irradiating the sample with an X-ray flux, a characteristic emission of atoms is created, which is proportional to their concentration in the sample. With the help of an express analyzer of metals and alloys - the Niton GOLDD spectrometer, experimental data were obtained on the composition of alloys - components of cutters of a road milling machine.Results. During the study, it was revealed that the components of the cutters are made from the following alloys:1. Cutter WIRTGEN W6/20X:- tip made of hard sintered alloy VK8;- housing made of structural alloyed steel 32G2;- spring sleeve of the cutter made of structural carbon steel 08ps;- washer made of structural quality carbon steel 60.2. Cutter KZTS A6/20:- tip made of hard sintered alloy VK8;- housing made of structural alloyed steel 38XV;- spring sleeve made of structural quality carbon steel 40;- washer made of structural alloyed steel 45G.Conclusion. The obtained research results can be used for subsequent processes of hardening or restoration of cutters of road milling machines.
Optimization of the Technological Process of Dispersing Brass Waste in a Carbon-Containing Environment by Setting up a Full Factorial Experiment
Authors: Ageeva E. V. , Loktionova O. G. , Pereverzev A. S. , Abolmasova L. S.
Published: October 2023

Purpose of research. Optimization of the technological process of dispersing brass waste in a carbon-containing environment by setting up a full factorial experiment.Methods. The electroerosion process of LS58-3 alloy waste was carried out on a patented device, LS58-3 alloy waste (GOST 15527-2004) was used as metal waste. Isopropyl alcohol (GOST 9805-84), which is a carbon-containing medium, was chosen as the working fluid (dispersing medium).Variable parameters during operation of the installation were: the voltage supplied to the electrodes (100...200 V); capacity of discharge capacitors (25...65 μF); discharge frequency 50...100 Hz.When an electric discharge occurs, the electrodes and wastes are instantly destroyed and the smallest powder particles are formed. The granulometric composition of the obtained powder was carried out using the Analysette 22 NanoTec particle size analyzer. The development of a mathematical model of the process of obtaining lead brass powder was carried out by conducting a full factorial experiment of type 23.Results. As a result of mathematical calculations, the maximum value of the optimization output parameter (average particle size) was determined, which was 23.8 μm at the following values of the factors (dispersion modes): the voltage supplied to the electrodes is 200 V, the discharge frequency is 100 Hz, and the capacity of the discharge capacitors is 65 μF.Conclusion. On the basis of the obtained results of studies and calculations, it is possible to conclude that by changing the operating modes of the EDM installation, it is possible to obtain powders of different sizes. The voltage applied to the electrodes and the capacity of the discharge capacitors have the greatest influence on the particle size of the resulting charge. When the values of these parameters increase, the mass yield of the powder increases, which directly depends on the size of the obtained particles.The obtained regression equation makes it possible to determine at which operating modes of the installation it is possible to obtain powder of a given particle size.
About the Differential Sweep Method for Measuring of Ferrocolloids Magnetization Curves
Authors: Koskov M. A. , Lebedev A. V. , Ivanov A. S.
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Justification and description of a laboratory method for measuring static magnetization curves specialized for ferrocolloids.Methods. The measurement method is based on the paramagnetism of magnetic colloids and the quasi-linear response of their magnetisation to small perturbations of the external magnetic field. To obtain the magnetisation curve, the studying ferrocolloid sample is placed in a constant homogeneous field of a laboratory electromagnet with an iron core. By low-frequency modulation of the current in the coils of the electromagnet, a co-directional perturbation is applied to the constant field. Information about the response of the sample to the external field perturbation - the differential magnetic susceptibility of ferrocolloid - is extracted by electrical measurements. These measurements are carried out using a classical compensation device of two counter-connected wire coils, one of which contains the investigated sample. Conducting (sweeping) the measurements in a wide range of applied fields allows to collect a sequence of experimental values of differential susceptibility from which the desired magnetisation curve is reconstructed by numerical integration.Results. The experimental setup for measuring the magnetisation curves of ferrocolloids was assembled. A theoretical description of the compensating electrical measuring device of the setup was proposed. The adjustment of the electrical scheme was carried out within several series of calibration experiments aimed at establishing the material parameters of the setup that were unknown from the theory. On the example of ferrocolloid of the type “magnetite - kerosene – oleic acid” both the process of obtaining primary experimental data and their subsequent processing, including the procedure of numerical integration, were demonstrated. It is established that the use of integration methods of a higher accuracy allows reducing the number of required experimental points and accelerating the measurement process without reducing the quality of the obtained curves.Conclusion: The method applicable for measuring the magnetisation curves of ferrocolloids by differential sweeping is described, substantiated and implemented using laboratory equipment.
Comparison of Telephone and Video Telehealth Consultations: Systematic Review
Authors: Byambasuren Oyungerel , Greenwood Hannah , Bakhit Mina , Atkins Tiffany , Clark Justin , Scott Anna Mae , Glasziou Paul
Published: October 2023

Background

Telehealth has been used for health care delivery for decades, but the COVID-19 pandemic greatly accelerated the uptake of telehealth in many care settings globally. However, few studies have carried out a direct comparison among different telehealth modalities, with very few studies having compared the effectiveness of telephone and video telehealth modalities.

Objective

This study aimed to identify and synthesize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing synchronous telehealth consultations delivered by telephone and those conducted by video with outcomes such as clinical effectiveness, patient safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient and clinician satisfaction with care.

Methods

PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and CENTRAL were searched via the Cochrane Library from inception until February 10, 2023, for RCTs without any language restriction. Forward and backward citation searches were conducted on included RCTs. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. We included studies carried out in any health setting—involving all types of outpatient cohorts and all types of health care providers—that compared synchronous video consultations directly with telephone consultations and reported outcomes specified in the objective. We excluded studies of clinician-to-clinician telehealth consults, hospitalized patients, and asynchronous consultations.

Results

Sixteen RCTs—10 in the United States, 3 in the United Kingdom, 2 in Canada, and 1 in Australia involving 1719 participants—were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. Most of the telehealth interventions were for hospital-based outpatient follow-ups, monitoring, and rehabilitation (n=13). The 3 studies that were conducted in the community all focused on smoking cessation. In half of the studies, nurses delivered the care (n=8). Almost all included studies had high or unclear risk of bias, mainly due to bias in the randomization process and selection of reported results. The trials found no substantial differences between telephone and video telehealth consultations with regard to clinical effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and health care use (cost-effectiveness) outcomes. None of the studies reported on patient safety or adverse events. We did not find any study on telehealth interventions for diagnosis, initiating new treatment, or those conducted in a primary care setting.

Conclusions

Based on a small set of diverse trials, we found no notable differences between telephone and video consultations for the management of patients with an established diagnosis. There is also a significant lack of telehealth research in primary care settings despite its high uptake.
Perceptions of the Agency and Responsibility of the NHS COVID-19 App on Twitter: Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Heaton Dan , Nichele Elena , Clos Jérémie , Fischer Joel E
Published: October 2023

Background

Since September 2020, the National Health Service (NHS) COVID-19 contact-tracing app has been used to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. Since its launch, this app has been a part of the discussion regarding the perceived social agency of decision-making algorithms. On the social media website Twitter, a plethora of views about the app have been found but only analyzed for sentiment and topic trajectories thus far, leaving the perceived social agency of the app underexplored.

Objective

We aimed to examine the discussion of social agency in social media public discourse regarding algorithm-operated decisions, particularly when the artificial intelligence agency responsible for specific information systems is not openly disclosed in an example such as the COVID-19 contact-tracing app. To do this, we analyzed the presentation of the NHS COVID-19 App on Twitter, focusing on the portrayal of social agency and the impact of its deployment on society. We also aimed to discover what the presentation of social agents communicates about the perceived responsibility of the app.

Methods

Using corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis, underpinned by social actor representation, we used the link between grammatical and social agency and analyzed a corpus of 118,316 tweets from September 2020 to July 2021 to see whether the app was portrayed as a social actor.

Results

We found that active presentations of the app—seen mainly through personalization and agency metaphor—dominated the discourse. The app was presented as a social actor in 96% of the cases considered and grew in proportion to passive presentations over time. These active presentations showed the app to be a social actor in 5 main ways: informing, instructing, providing permission, disrupting, and functioning. We found a small number of occasions on which the app was presented passively through backgrounding and exclusion.

Conclusions

Twitter users presented the NHS COVID-19 App as an active social actor with a clear sense of social agency. The study also revealed that Twitter users perceived the app as responsible for their welfare, particularly when it provided instructions or permission, and this perception remained consistent throughout the discourse, particularly during significant events. Overall, this study contributes to understanding how social agency is discussed in social media discourse related to algorithmic-operated decisions This research offers valuable insights into public perceptions of decision-making digital contact-tracing health care technologies and their perceptions on the web, which, even in a postpandemic world, may shed light on how the public might respond to forthcoming interventions.
Intensive care in severe acute bowel obstruction (clinical lecture)
Authors: Pylypenko M.M. , Bondar M.V. , Khomenko O.Yu. , Zatsarynnyi R.A.
Published: October 2023

Most patients with severe acute small bowel obstruction in the early postoperative period require treatment in the intensive care unit. The main principles of intensive care are identifying major vital function disorders, their rapid correction, as well as supporting the functions of the affected organs and systems. The leading pathophysiological disorders that require intensive correction during small bowel obstruction are impaired intestinal barrier function (for bacteria and toxins), hypovolemia, hypotension and microcirculation disorders, primarily in the abdominal organs, fluid and electrolyte and acid-base disorders. Such disorders, in turn, could cause repeated development of intra-abdominal hypertension with impaired perfusion of the abdominal organs. Thus, the efficiency of intensive care for dynamic acute bowel obstruction primarily depends on the speed of correction of fluid and electrolyte disorders and restoration of intestinal blood flow, normalization of gut parietal digestion rather than on the quantity of the drugs that stimulate bowel movement. The primary method of gut microcirculation restoration is the ROSE approach to fluid resuscitation. The main criteria of the intensive care efficiency should be control of intra-abdominal pressure and timely treatment of intra-abdominal hypertension.
The level of C-reactive protein in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Tseluyko V.Y. , Kurinna M.V. , Yakovleva L.M.
Published: October 2023

Background. Modern risk stratification in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) does not consider all possible factors that may influence the course and prognosis of the disease. In view of this, it is promising to study inflammatory markers, especially C-reactive protein (CRP), for their prognostic value in PE. The purpose was to study the clinical and prognostic value of increased CRP levels in patients with PE during hospitalization. Material and methods. One hundred and three patients with diagnosis of acute PE confirmed by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) or by autopsy were examined, their СRP level was evaluated during hospitalization. In addition to a general clinical examination, all patients were screened for PE risk factors and risk of premature death according to the ESC 2019 guidelines. La-boratory tests included quantitative determination of CPK-MB, D-dimer and СRP in addition to basic ones. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, and CTPA were performed as part of the instrumental studies. Results. Depending on the СRP median (26 mg/l), patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 (СRP < 26 mg/l) included 52 people, group 2 (СRP > 26 mg/l) — 51 patients. It was found that in group 1, patients with low risk predominated (p = 0.044) and the average pulmonary embolism severity index was significantly lower (p = 0.011). In group 2, the average blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) during hospitalization was significantly lower (p = 0.004), the average parameters of the left ventricle, namely end-diastolic and end-systolic volume, were significantly greater (p = 0.045 and p = 0.043, respectively), and the ejection fraction was significantly lower (p = 0.002). Also, the average levels of leukocytes (p = 0.0003), neutrophils (p = 0.00001), urea (p = 0.008), CPK-MB (p = 0.028) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.012) were significantly higher in group 2. Correlation analysis revealed a reliable inverse connection between CRP levels and initial SpO2 and a direct relationship between CRP level and the size of the right atrium, CPK-MB level, and increased risk of early mortality from PE. Conclusions. Elevated CRP was found in 92 % of patients with acute PE and was associated with a significant decrease in SpO2 (p < 0.004), increased left ventricular size (p < 0.05), and decreased ejection fraction (p < 0.003). Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between CRP level and the risk according to the pulmonary embolism severity index, SpO2, the level of CPK-MB and the size of the left atrium.