bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students’ Perceptions of higher education in Sāmoa: Finagalo fa’aalia o alo ma fanau a’oa’oina ile Iunivesetē Aoao o Sāmoa
Authors:   , Filoi Rosa
Published: December 2021

This thesis evaluates and analyses Sāmoan student perceptions of higher education in Sāmoa. This work offers an insider’s account of Sāmoan education in particular, focussing on current students belonging to the National University of Sāmoa (NUS). A Pasifika and Sociological framework was used in this study, employing Pasifika research methods of talanoa and aspects of Fa’afaletui. Nineteen NUS students and one student support staff were interviewed for this study. This thesis is not focussed on exploring linear pathways instead it focusses on student resilience in prioritizing their education. Thus, important of this work is to inform the National University of Sāmoa of their students’ needs and the challenges they face in order to provide appropriate support that are culturally and socially responsive to a Sāmoan student’s worldview.
Where can I cry?: Providing for Emotionality in the Built Environment
Authors:   , Ford Claire
Published: December 2021

Increasingly, research suggests that urban life is characterised by rising levels of distress (Söderström, 2017). We exist in a melee of social, political, cultural and environmental constructs, many of which require individuals to repress emotional expression and experiences. Without consciously doing so, we take cues from the designed environment as to what behaviours should be acted out in that space, and this has a direct impact on our well-being. This thesis explores how the built environment can be designed to support the emotional wellbeing of its occupants.  Current practice addressing well-being predominantly looks at cases of severe mental dysfunction (Söderström, 2017) or designing spaces that privilege physical concerns (Jencks & Heathcote, 2010). The research in this thesis is not directed towards such extreme instances of distress; it focuses on the capacity of designed environments to emotionally enable and empower all building users, taking into account a broad spectrum of emotional expression and responses to space. To accomplish this, existing literary research on emotional well-being is traversed and used to inform a series of design explorations. These aim to discover how the design of space can enable occupants to feel supported; to live their emotional lives with complete agency. A conceptual framework is developed, drawing on philosophy, psychology, sociology, neurology and geography, which informs architectural design experiments that test relationships between the body, the mind, and the architecture we engaged with.  This thesis involves a speculative approach to design research. Using design experiments at multiple scales, this thesis explores the potential of moments in the built environment where people have strong emotional connections to space, in order that a consciously compassionate design approach may be developed. Four architectural briefs are explored at three scales - installation, domestic and public scale - allowing design to inform the research. Each investigation is successive and becomes a testing ground to evaluate and critique the design outcomes prior to it. The design tests also involve progressively more architectural and interactive complexity. This sequence of design tests explores the potential of spaces to empower an inhabitant in architectural space to experience joy and sadness; to directly associate architecture with emotional well-ness.
Storytelling and Teaching English to Young Learners: A Vietnamese case study
Authors:   , Le Thao
Published: December 2021

Storytelling, which is often promoted as a suitable methodological approach in teaching young learners, has been under-used and under-researched in EFL primary schools. This study introduces a storytelling innovation to put the young learner-oriented approach in practice. The innovation provides a structure to redesign textbook lessons into storytelling lessons in order to offer young learners interactive opportunities to use language in meaningful contexts. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase employed a qualitative approach to examine the current state of using stories and storytelling in teaching EFL in state primary schools in Vietnam. This phase involved the participation of 21 teachers and groups of Grade 5 students from 18 primary schools. Classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, and group interviews with students were conducted to collect data. The results showed that stories were mainly used to introduce target language items in the presentation stage of the textbook lessons which had a presentation-practice-production structure. The lessons consisted mainly of mechanical practice and, ineffective group work, and afforded learners few opportunities for interactive activities.  The second phase was an intervention study to examine the implementation of storytelling innovation lessons. Two teachers and two classes, who participated in Phase 1, joined Phase 2 of the study. One teacher and one class were used as the comparison group while the others employed the innovation for one teaching term. Data were collected from pre-and post-storytelling speaking tests, classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, and group interviews with students. The quantitative findings revealed that at the end of the study the intervention group significantly outperformed the comparison group in their oral language production. The qualitative data showed that the students in the intervention group were highly engaged in storytelling activities as well. A feature contributing to the learners’ engagement was found to be effective cooperation in group work, as the students were afforded opportunities for meaningful interactions. Both the teacher and the students perceived the positive change in their teaching and learning practices.  The innovation could transform a mechanical teaching practice to a more interactive and meaningful learning approach. The results indicate the storytelling innovation as a successful model for introducing change into teaching English in primary schools and contributing to an understanding of the implementation of storytelling, the nature of interactions and learning engagement in EFL contexts.
Upcycling plastic waste through empirical implementation of large-scale 3D printing
Authors:   , Ritthisri Watcharawat
Published: December 2021

Plastic waste presents a real global challenge and a threat to health, environment and the global economy. While awareness of the devastating effects of plastic waste on the environment has increased, the production of plastic products is still on the rise. As a result, many countries do not prioritise waste plastic recycling or the export of plastic wastes to other countries for recycling. However, the products from recycled waste plastics are considered to be of low quality and uneconomical to produce on large scale, thus making individuals and corporations giving preference using plastics from virgin materials rather than producing products from recycled plastics. These is therefore a need to develop an effective process through the use of technology to upcycle plastic waste locally to produce products of higher value from waste plastic. The current research sought to investigate the potential of distributed upcycling to change the production and consumption of plastic products in future. To this end, the study sought to prepare high value design application for upcycling and investigated how they could be implemented through large-scale 3D printing in urban environments. To achieve this, the researcher collected plastic waste materials from Wellington in New Zealand to be used in the study experiments. The plastic waste materials were first cleaned, sorted and cut into small pieces using a granulator before being taken through thermal processes to dry them out and set the right temperatures to ensure consistency of the plastic waste extrusion before being taken through the extrusion process. 3D Printing was used to design and make various final products from the recycled plastic waste. Experimentation with different formulations of waste plastic led to production of a high-quality filament successfully achieving the study objectives. As such, upcycling plastic waste using 3D Printing technology provides a locally viable solution to making useful products in large scale as a model for future development.
Royal Opportunity: Noble Marriages in the Reigns of Elizabeth I and James VI/I, 1558-1625
Authors:   , Kay Christianna
Published: December 2021

This thesis explores Queen Elizabeth I’s and King James VI/I’s management of and involvement in noble marriages from 1558 to 1625 by merging two methodologies: an analysis of an extensive, custom-made database of 380 noble marriages with an examination of primary sources like state papers, personal correspondence, diaries, and ambassadorial reports. This study demonstrates that “noble-marriage management” was a single but efficient method for the implementation of many facets of early modern rule—this made it an important apparatus of the monarchical office and a significant conduit of power. Illuminated within this thesis are Queen Elizabeth’s and King James’s tactics for handling noble marital alliances which included participation and support, avoidance and opposition. They applied their exclusive crown privileges like plural prerogatives of wards’ and widows’ marriages and in loco parentis rights in attempts to control marital unions and they inaugurated new monarch-noble bonds through their patronage of weddings. They communicated religious, succession, and Anglo-Scottish union policies, brought peace, and cultivated a crown-supportive aristocracy by means of their noble marriage involvement. Both monarchs employed multiple aspects of the royal prerogative to manage marriages which, at times, involved manipulating courts, bypassing Parliament, and prolonging punishments. Elizabeth and James also used the royal prerogative to forge their respective legacies of a Protestant kingdom and a unified England and Scotland. By utilising their exclusive privileges, both monarchs secured the freedom and power to intervene in noble marital alliances which preserved the hierarchical system of monarchy, achieving a pro-monarch balance of power and internal stability. In particular, it was through supportive involvement in marriages that Elizabeth and James perpetuated the patronage system and established all-important monarch-noble connections which upheld royal authority. Monarch-noble links became especially important as parliamentary debates on the legitimacy and use of crown privileges increased in the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, exposing both monarchs’ absolutist tendencies.
Embracing the Block
Authors:   , Wezel Daniel
Published: December 2021

With an estimated housing shortage of 150,000 homes in 2020, New Zealand is in urgent need of a new housing solution to keep up with demand. Given that families make up 70% of New Zealand households, attracting families towards inner-city living is the key to decreasing housing shortage and managing urban growth. The research investigates a housing model that is underutilised in New Zealand, but has the potential to accommodate families in high-density central city developments.  The European Perimeter Block (EPB) is a housing model prevalent in Europe’s largest cities, providing highly liveable urban housing at relatively high densities. Analysis of traditional EPB literature, contemporary EPB precedents and best-practice apartment design is combined with analysis of the New Zealand context to develop an extensive list of design strategies and criteria. This list provides a framework for the design of EPB housing in New Zealand cities. A subsequent design case study tests the applicability of the design strategies and criteria on a successful high-density housing development in Auckland’s CBD, with a focus on providing an attractive inner-city lifestyle for New Zealand families. The resulting outcome is a concise set of design criteria and a repertoire of strategies to usefully inform the design of an attractive EPB housing development in New Zealand cities.
Exome sequence analysis of siblings affected with Niemann-Pick type C disease
Authors:   , Carswell Shaun
Published: December 2021

Mutations in either the Niemann-Pick type C1 or C2 (NPC1/NPC2) gene result in a fatal lysosomal storage disorder, Niemann-Pick type C (NP-C) disease, for which there is no effective cure. The disease is characterized by systemic and neurodegenerative symptoms arising from toxic accumulation of unesterified cholesterol within the late endosome and lysosome, with a common cause of death for patients being respiratory failure or recurrent infection of pulmonary tissue. Interestingly, the disease symptoms are heterogeneous, with age of onset and severity varied, even among siblings with the same mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 gene causing this monogenic disease. To date there is no clear explanation for disease severity in siblings with the same mutation. As siblings are raised in the same environment, the major hypothesis of this thesis is that there are genetic modifiers that explain variation in disease severity within siblings. To determine if there are genetic variants associated with disease severity, exomes were sequenced from five sibling pairs exhibiting divergent onset and progression of NPC disease. Out of 23,105 genes, 26 variants were identified that were predicted to have functional consequences in NP-C patients, of which homozygous MUC5B and MARCH8 variants segregated across siblings that exhibited increased and decreased severity of disease, respectively. A cluster of variants was discovered on chromosome 11 belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. Further investigation of one of these variants, a frameshift insertion in MMP-12, confirmed that this locus regulates the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in primary neurons derived from a murine model of NPC disease. However, this region on chromosome 11 did not have any statistically significant copy number alteration detectable through a depth of coverage analysis. Overall, these results provide groundwork into the sequence variants mediating disease severity, which with further investigations, may be novel pharmacological targets to treat NPC disease.
Essays On Disaster Management Issues Related To Household Preparedness And Public Attention
Authors:   , Habibi Masoumeh
Published: December 2021

This dissertation contains an essay on the effects of earthquake exposure on household preparedness in the short and long term and two essays on the predictors of public attention to earthquakes around the world.  In Chapter I, I use a difference-in-differences method to estimate the causal effects of the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes on people’s preparedness in the short-term (one month after the second earthquake) and long-term (up to 25 months after the second earthquake). I find that people who experienced the earthquakes increase their preparedness by 0.67 standard deviations in the short term. This impact stays positive but declines to 0.42 standard deviations in the long term. In chapter II, I investigate whether people from Western countries pay more attention to earthquakes in Western countries. I use Google Trends data and examine the proportion of Google searches from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand for 610 earthquakes across the world over the period of 2006-2016. I find that people in these countries pay on average around 50 percent more attention to earthquakes in Western countries. My results are significant and consistent after controlling for geographical and social characteristics but becomes small and insignificant once I control for GDP per capita of the countries where the earthquake struck. There seems to be a developed country bias rather than a Western country bias. In the final chapter, I measure public attention – using the volume of Google searches – from 18 countries and investigate which factors predict public attention to earthquakes at international level. I focus on 372 earthquakes registered as disasters in The Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) over the period 2004-2018. I find that people pay more attention to earthquakes in richer countries, in more democratic countries, and in countries with which they have more social and cultural similarities. I also find that social and cultural similarities predict more public attention from Western and Latin American countries and less public attention from Arab and Sub-Saharan African countries. While, the findings of the economic and political status of countries are universal and predict more public attention in all four groups of countries.
New Zealand violin teaching contexts and their impact on teacher practice in private studios and out-of-hours music centres.
Authors:   , Jensen Ahna
Published: December 2021

The out-of-hours music programme provides free instrumental music lessons to primary school aged children and has a long-standing history in New Zealand, dating back to 1929. While this government-funded programme has been part of the primary school sector for more than fifty years, there is little to no research about its teaching or how it functions. Out of hours music centres are unique to New Zealand and while being attached to the primary school sector are run independently outside school hours. Many of these centres offer violin lessons and generally, their teachers also work as private violin teachers. Are violin teacher’s pedagogical practices different depending on whether they teach in a centre, or in their own studios? This sociocultural study presents a critical analysis into beginner violin pedagogies and the similarities and differences between the out-of-hours music context and the private studio.
Extracellular matrix derived peptides and mesenchymal stem cell motility
Authors:   , Dempsey Sandi Grainne
Published: December 2021

Biomaterials derived from decellularised extracellular matrices have shown promise as tools in tissue regeneration and wound healing. Such materials display biocompatibility as well as inherent bioactivity, promoting constructive remodelling in healing tissues. In this study, the bioactivity of ovine forestomach matrix (a decellularised extracellular matrix biomaterial) is assessed based on its ability to affect the proliferation and migration of wound healing cells.  This material supported cell attachment and proliferation, but did not allow cell infiltration in vitro. Enzymatic digestion of the material rendered soluble components that were able to induce proliferation and migration of some cell types. Cell-mediated processing of the material generated a protein or proteins with chemotactic activity for mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated the bioactive component consisted of the proteoglycan decorin, or fragments thereof. Decorin has not previously been shown to induce mesenchymal stem cell motility, and these findings may add to what is known about decorin and its role in constructive remodelling. Furthermore, this cell-mediated approach for ECM breakdown could lead to the discovery of other bioactive peptides involved in ECM remodelling and wound healing.
Mātauranga Māori and anti-microbials: Searching for new tools to control the spread of Kauri Dieback
Authors:   , Ngata-Aerengamate Te Amohaere
Published: December 2021

Phytophthora are plant pathogens, well known for devastating thousands of ecologically, culturally and economically significant plant crops worldwide. In greek Phytophthora translates directly to ‘plant destroyer’. Though it is ‘fungus-like’, Phytophthora are eukaryotic oomycetes, more closely related to brown algae and diatoms. Phytophthora have three key lifecycle stages: oospores, zoospores, and mycelia. Kauri are ancient conifer species dating back to the Cretaceous period (145 mya) and are now rapidly declining due to Kauri dieback caused by Phytophthora agathidicida. P.agathadicida causes root rot in Kauri trees and was first misidentified as P. hevave on Great Barrier Island in the early 1970s. Its origin is unknown however research argues it may have evolved from P. infestans, the pathogen that caused the Irish potato famine in 1845. For Te Āo Māori, Kauri are highly regarded tīpuna (ancestors) and Kauri Dieback is alarming to many Northern Iwi. Kauri wood and resin are highly sought and economically valuable resources. The Waipoua forest is the largest Kauri forest and the most impacted by Kauri Dieback. Over 25% of Kauri in the Waitākere ranges are either infected with P. agathadicida or are symptomatic, a percentage that is steadily increasing. A rāhui (temporary ban) was placed on the Waitākere ranges by local iwi Te Kawerau a Maki in 2018 as a preventative measure to reduce movement of P. agathadicida in soil. Apart from track closures, scrubbing and spraying equipment - before and after entering the forest - is the only tool of management. Sterigene disinfectant is the only treatment to reduce the spread of Kauri Dieback. Sterigene kills zoospores, mycelia and sporangium but is ineffective against P. agathidicida oospoores. Sexually produced oospores are responsible for the long-term survival of Phytophthora as they have a thick cell wall. The first part of this thesis examines a range of commercially available disinfectants and their efficacy against P. agathidicida oospores. These results confirm that Sterigene and/or Trigene are not effective against P. agathidicida oospores. My results also show that 2% bleach, 1% Virkon, and 70% ethanol all reduce oospore viability. Napisan also reduced oospore viability, but also interacted with the viability stains, therefore further investigations are needed. Napisan is an oxygen bleach, commercially affordable and easily accessible in supermarkets. Unlike sterigene and bleach, Napisan is safe to use on clothes, wool and soft textiles. If effective against oospores and the other lifecycle stages, Napisan could be a promising solution to help reduce the spread of Kauri Dieback.
TIC y las plataformas de concertación bajo condiciones de sostenibilidad
Authors: Merizalde Andrade Christian Elías , Huacon Cruz Pedro Alfredo , Molina Ortiz Mario Israel
Published: December 2021

En la actualidad, existe una creciente preocupación a nivel mundial por el desarrollo sostenible, lo que hace que cada vez más se busquen enfoques endógenos que interactúen globalmente. En este sentido, surgen las plataformas virtuales que buscan ser herramientas de progreso y volver posibles las relaciones de confianza y de colaboración respecto a diversos problemas. Involucran tanto a entidades públicas como privadas que puedan lograr propósitos comunes, ofrecer un espacio neutral para el diálogo político o emprender tareas específicas y, según lo acordado mutuamente, compartir riesgos y responsabilidades, recursos y beneficios. En consecuencia, el presente estudio busca compendiar y referir el uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) para las plataformas de concertación bajo condiciones de sostenibilidad. El tema se desarrollará por medio de los siguientes puntos: la concertación, componente y características; Las TIC y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y tecnología sostenible en la gestión y planificación. El modelo de investigación es una revisión de tipo documental bibliográfico. Las TIC son una herramienta de suma importancia para la creación de plataformas virtuales que permitan la concertación o la gestión de múltiples actores para la resolución de problemas a nivel mundial, no obstante, estas aplicaciones tecnológicas deben servir en todo momento para mejorar la vida de las personas de manera fundamental. Estas tecnologías pueden contribuir a reducir la pobreza y el hambre, mejorar la salud, crear nuevos puestos de trabajo, mitigar el cambio climático, mejorar la eficiencia energética y a hacer que las ciudades y las comunidades sean sostenibles. Es imperioso acortar las brechas y las divisiones sociales como consecuencia de la tecnología, con la finalidad de que todos los actores mundiales tengan igualdad de oportunidades.
Carcinomatosis meníngea. A propósito de caso clínico en Hospital clínica San Francisco
Authors: Novillo Arévalo Mariela Belén , García Arteaga Martín Federico , Quijije Mejía Oscar Eduardo , Gallegos Saucedo Jessica Marlene
Published: December 2021

La literatura indica que esta condición se presenta en canceres que son muy avanzados y que se presentan generalmente en tumores hematológicos o en tumores solidos, la sobrevida a una carcinomatosis meníngea es muy baja con una supervivencia máxima de 6 meses. Se presenta caso clínico de paciente femenina de 42 años de edad que acude al Hospital Clínica San Francisco, con cuadro clínico de 2 meses de evolución caracterizado por cefalea intensa, nauseas, vómitos, deterioro progresivo de la motricidad y sensibilidad, además de perdida de masa muscular y trastorno de la deglución, es valorada por facultativo presentando deterioro del sensorio por lo que proceden a intubación endotraqueal, realizan resonancia magnética con contraste donde se evidencia hidrocefalia + limitada capacidad resolutiva. Luego de pruebas de imágenes complementarias, se observa engrosamiento de meninges por lo cual se sospecha de carcinomatosis meníngea.
Las redes sociales como medio de emprendimiento
Authors: Rangel Saltos Johanna Estefanía , Yance Tutiven Littelton Roberto , Andrade Urquiza Mariuska de los Ángeles
Published: December 2021

Anteriormente se creía, que las redes sociales solamente se usaban como medios de comunicación entre personas, sin embargo, con el pasar de los años, la revolución de la era digital ha traído consigo el alcance directo al consumidor y la facilidad de emprendimiento para muchas personas. A través de este medio, ha surgido una nueva forma de hacer negocios; en donde, cualquier individuo que tenga la oportunidad de poner en marcha un negocio no necesita de mucha infraestructura, inversión, o correr riesgos, permitiendo a las personas realizar un capital valioso con una inversión prácticamente nula cuando se compara con una inversión en medios tradicionales como la radio, la televisión, los medios impresos, entre otros. Mediante este estudio, se busca dar a conocer los beneficios que las redes sociales ofrecen en estos tiempos, donde el acceso a los dispositivos móviles es cada vez mayor y el empleo de la era digital se hace de manifiesto diariamente en la vida de cada individuo. El estudio se realiza, a través de una revisión de bibliografía referente al tema que han servido como guía en la investigación para especialistas y lectores.
Prawo do czystego środowiska jako wartość konstytucyjna
Authors: Marszałek Joanna
Published: December 2021

W niniejszej glosie Autorka przedstawiła wyrok w „irlandzkiej sprawie klimatycznej”, w której Sąd Najwyższy Irlandii unieważnił irlandzki Plan klimatyczny. Celem Autorki jest dokonanie analizy wyroku i odpowiedzenie na pytanie, czy Sąd Najwyższy prawidłowo odmówił zakwalifikowania prawa do zdrowego środowiska jako mającego źródło w irlandzkiej Konsytucji, a także, czy prawidłowo stwierdził, że organizacja Friends of the Irish Environment nie ma legitymacji czynnej do wytoczenia powództwa w tej sprawie.
“Exponerse públicamente a todo género de torpeza y sensualidad” prostitutas y prostitución en el territorio neogranadino, 1780-184
Authors: Quintero López Mateo
Published: December 2021

Este texto propone un acercamiento a la idea y a la figura de la prostituta en el territorio neogranadino entre 1780 y 1845 para rastrear una práctica sexual trasgresiva que no fue tolerada ni permitida, sino señalada y juzgada. Desde el periodo colonial hasta inicios de la República, fue asumida como un atentado contra las buenas maneras, sin embargo, en la legislación posterior se denominó prostituta a toda mujer que se diera a los placeres sexuales por acuerdo de dos partes; adicionalmente, se le consideró “vaga” y “holgazana”. Este capítulo, se sirve de expedientes judiciales de Medellín, Bogotá y Popayán, así como de fuentes impresas que permiten analizar encuentros furtivos y la manera en que fueron descubiertos y percibidos. De igual manera, el texto evidencia que las mujeres señaladas de prostitutas fueron consideradas desordenadas, escandalosas, desarregladas, vagas y públicas.
Развитие технологии настройки акустических систем при ультразвуковом контроле сварных соединений
Authors: Aleshin Nikolay P. , Mogilner Leonid Yu. , Skrynnikov Sergey V.
Published: December 2021

The urgent task is improvement of the accuracy of diagnosing the linear part of pipelines, structures and equipment of pumping and compressor stations, tank batteries, tank farm complexes. Therewith, it is required not only to identify a defect with a given probability, but also to ensure measurement of its shape and dimensions with accuracy to be sufficient to perform analysis of structures for strength and durability. The article deals with certain possibilities for increasing the detectability of volumetric defects, such as knots, through improvement of the methods for setting parameters of ultrasound pulse-echo testing. The results of research in the field of improvement of the technology for setting advanced ultrasonic systems using phased array antennas are presented. Cylinder-shaped drilled holes of different orientations have been reviewed as artificial defects for setting sensitivity and time base of the flaw-detecting instrument. Following on the earlier published works, the expediency of using vertical cylindrical drilling for setting the equipment is additionally justified: such target is the easiest to manufacture, its parameters are verified much easier than, for example, the parameters of flatbottomed holes. Examples are given of the practical use of drills of various orientations for adjusting sensitivity of monitoring and determination of the indication length of local bulk defects of the base metal and welds.

Актуальной является задача повышения точности диагностирования линейной части трубопроводов, сооружений и оборудования перекачивающих и компрессорных станций, резервуарных парков, нефтебаз. При этом требуется не просто выявить дефект с заданной вероятностью, но и обеспечить измерение его формы и размеров с точностью, достаточной для выполнения расчетов конструкций на прочность и долговечность. В статье рассмотрены некоторые возможности повышения выявляемости объемных дефектов типа свищей за счет совершенствования способов настройки параметров ультразвукового контроля эхо-методом. Представлены результаты исследований в области совершенствования технологии настройки современных ультразвуковых систем, использующих фазированные антенные решетки. В качестве искусственных дефектов для настройки чувствительности и временной развертки дефектоскопа рассмотрены цилиндрические сверления разной ориентации. В развитие ранее опубликованных работ обоснована целесообразность применения для настройки оборудования вертикального цилиндрического сверления: такая мишень наиболее проста в изготовлении, ее параметры поверяются значительно проще, чем, например, параметры плоскодонных отверстий. Приведены примеры практического использования сверлений различной ориентации для настройки чувствительности контроля и определения условной протяженности локальных объемных дефектов основного металла и сварных швов.
Оценка прочности стальной винтовой однолопастной сваи при действии осевых нагрузок
Authors: Liplenko Maxim А. , Klimkin Eduard F. , Mosolov Georgy V.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work is resolving the problem of evaluating the structural strength of the steel screw single-bladed pile under the pressure of axial loads in various soil conditions. Calculations in this area constitute the necessary condition for assessing the possibility and feasibility of using pile-screw technology in specific construction conditions, inter alia, at main pipeline facilities. The dependence of the pressure curve on the blade on the soil stiffness modulus was revealed in the course of numerical simulation performed by the finite element method in the ANSYS software. The maximum pressures are observed at the junction of the blade and the pile shaft with a large soil stiffness modulus, if the soil stiffness modulus is small, then the maximum pressures are observed at the edge of the blade. An analytical method for assessing the strength of a single-blade screw pile is proposed based on the theory of bending of circular and annular plates, as well as the results of numerical modeling. Comparison of the analytical method for calculating the strength of a screw pile with the results of numerical modeling to assess the accuracy. The comparison results showed an accuracy sufficient for engineering calculation methods.

Цель настоящей работы – решение задачи оценки прочности конструкции стальной винтовой однолопастной сваи при воздействии осевых нагрузок в различных грунтовых условиях. Расчеты в этой области – необходимое условие для оценки возможности и целесообразности применения свайно-винтовой технологии в конкретных условиях строительства, в том числе на объектах магистральных трубопроводов. По результатам численного моделирования, выполненного методом конечных элементов в ПК ANSYS, выявлена зависимость изменения эпюры давления на лопасть винтовой сваи от модуля деформации грунта: с увеличением значения модуля деформации грунта максимальные давления наблюдаются в узле сопряжения лопасти и ствола сваи, при малых значениях модуля деформации максимальные давления отмечаются у края лопасти. На основании теории изгиба круглых и кольцевых пластин, а также результатов численного моделирования предложен расчетный метод оценки несущей способности однолопастной винтовой сваи по материалу. Для оценки точности разработанного подхода к расчету прочности винтовой сваи проведено сравнение предложенного аналитического метода с результатами численного моделирования, которое показало достаточную для инженерных методов расчета точность. Общий принцип, заложенный в рассмотренном методе расчета, может быть использован для создания различных эпюр давления на лопасть в зависимости от модуля деформации грунта и характеристик винтовой сваи.
BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE IN METEORITES MAY LEAD TO PANSPERMIA ORIGIN OF LIFE
Authors: Rao Y. V. Subba
Published: December 2021

The current hypothesis leads to the panspermia origin of life, which is based on the scientific principle of electromagnetic force interaction with matter. Electromagnetic force (Sunlight) interacts with inorganic chemistry available to us given out by the stars in the universe plausibly triggers the formation of extra-terrestrial biological molecules of proto cells under abiotic conditions, as evidenced by their presence in meteorites.' Proto cells’ might theoretically give rise to living organisms with a manifested soul, allowing 'Ribose' to be formed from ice grains hit by sunlight for RNA and DNA at the same time. The presence of life's building blocks and other important organic chemicals like ribose in meteorites, including some microscopic life forms that aren't native to Earth, may have led to the 'Panspermia Origin of Life' and the 'Evolution of Life on Earth' which is evidenced by the definition of 'Meteorites' in Vedic Scriptures, such as the "Bhagavad Gita" (3000 BC) and "Brihat Samhita" (520 AD) that they are the souls of righteous people who have returned to earth to be reborn.
The Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Scientific Research
Authors: Basri Savas Hasan , Kara Ersan
Published: December 2021

Oxidative stress, which is caused by the effect of many factors in living organisms, must be constantly balanced by the antioxidant system. The continuous formation of free oxygen radicals for many reasons, especially aerobic respiration,
increases oxidative stress. The antioxidant system is formed by various enzymes, vitamins and many other structures. All these antioxidant structures are constantly working to neutralize oxidative stress products and to establish
a balance. In order to maintain the oxidantantioxidant balance, lifestyle changes such as healthy and balanced nutrition and increasing mobility are of great importance in living organisms. Today, oxidative stress and antioxidants
are frequently measured both in various experimental models established in experimental animals and in clinical studies, which is becoming increasingly important. For this reason, oxidant-antioxidant balance indicator parameters
are very valuable in scientific research. In addition, newly established different in vivo models have started to measure oxidative stress and antioxidant status. For this reason, our internationally indexed journal TJHS will give
priority to scientific research on oxidant-antioxidant balance and publish current scientific developments in this field.
Has the time come to consider Omega-3 to be part of treatment protocol for atopy and neurodevelopmental disorder?
Authors: Zainab Ali Mohammed Al-Mukhaini
Published: December 2021

Omega-3 fatty acid benefits health throughout life. It is especially important for children’s health. It improves symptoms of children with autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders by improving communication and language development and improving behaviour and cognitive function. It also helps in controlling asthma and other atopic conditions. Adding omega-3 to routine management plan for children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and neurodevelopment worth consideration.
Comparison of Chemical Element Contents in Thyroid Goiter, Adenoma, and Thyroiditis investigated using Neutron Activation Analysis
Authors: Vladimir Zaichick
Published: December 2021

Thyroid benign nodules (TBNs) are the most common lesions of this endocrine gland. Among TBNs the colloid goiter (CG), thyroiditis (T), and thyroid adenoma (TA) are the most frequent diseases. An evaluation of the variant of TBNs is clinically important for subsequent therapeutic interventions, as well as for more clear understanding the etiology of these disorders. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine differences in the content of bromine (Br), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and sodium (Na) in tissues of CG, TA, and T. Thyroid tissue levels of eight chemical elements (ChE) were prospectively evaluated in 46 patients with CG, 19 patients with TA, and 12 patients with T. Measurements were performed using non-destructive instrumental neutron activation analysis with high resolution spectrometry of short-lived radionuclides. Tissue samples were divided into two portions. One was used for morphological study while the other was intended for ChE analysis. It was observed that in CG, TA and T tissues content of Br was significantly higher, while level of I was lower than in normal thyroid tissue. I accumulation in T tissue was lower than in normal thyroid and CG. Abnormal increase in Br level and decrease in I level in all TBNs might demonstrate an involvement of these ChE in etiology and pathogenesis of TBNs. It was suosed that great losses of I in thyroid with T, in contract to little reduced levels of I content in thyroid with CG and TA, could possibly be explored for differencial diagnosis of T.
Analisis Motivasi Lulusan Pelaut Menjadi Tenaga Pendidik pada Program Diploma Pelayaran di Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya
Authors: Purwiyanto Didik
Published: December 2021

Tenaga pendidik di Program Diploma Pelayaran- Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya (PDP-UHT) menggunakan variabel pelatihan profesional, pengakuan profesional, pertimbangan pasar kerja, penghargaan finansial, lingkungan kerja dan kebijakan dan administrasi, untuk mendapatkan gambaran sebenarnya dari kondisi yang ada dan sedang berlangsung. Serta mengukur faktor menjadi tenaga pendidik di PDP-UHT terkait peraturan dari KementerianPendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Dirjen Dikti)  dan Kementrian Perhubungan Laut (Dirjen Hubla). Perencanaan pemilihan karir merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting untuk mencapai kesuksesan dalam berkarir. Perencanaan tersebut meliputi pertimbangan terhadap beberapa faktor yang dominan dalam pemilihan karir. Lulusan pelaut PDP-UHT dalam memilih karir yang akan dijalaninya memiliki berbagai pertimbangan. Disisi lain perguruan tinggi pelayaran dalam hal ini adalah PDP-UHT mempunyai dua induk institusi yang harus ditaati yaitu Dirjen Dikti  serta Dirjen Hubla tentang pelaksanaan program terkait dengan pemenuhan persyaratan jumlah tenaga pendidik minimal untuk setiap program studi adalah harus memenuhi kualifikasi dari kedua institusi tersebut.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Iklim Organisasi, dan Karakteristik Individu Terhadap Kinerja Pengurus Koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Kadir Abdul
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh parsial kepemimpinan, iklim organisasi, dan karakteristik individu terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan, yang menjadi populasi adalah seluruh pengurus koperasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 148 orang pengurus koperasi, sedangkan sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 71 responden. Pengujian validitas kuesioner dilakukan dengan metode korelasi Pearson Product Moment, sedangkan uji reliabilitas kuesioner menggunakan metode Cronbach Alpha. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Regresi Linier Berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data disimpulkan bahwa; (1)  secara simultan variabel-variabel kepemimpinan, iklim organisasi, karakteristik individu berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan pada tingkat kesalahan 5%. Ketiga variabel, yaitu kepemimpinan, iklim organisasi, dan karakteristik individu secara bersama-sama mampu memberikan kontribusi/sumbangan sebesar 76% terhadap perubahan kinerja koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 24% merupakan sumbangan/kontribusi variabel lain yang tidak diamati dalam penelitian ini, (2) secara parsial  kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan. Besarnya kontribusi iklim organisasi terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan sebesar 57%. Kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan sebesar 68,6%. Karakteristik individu berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pengurus koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan sebesar 28,1%, (3) variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi pengurus  koperasi di Martapura Kalimantan Selatan adalah kepemimpinan, karena mempunyai nilai standardized coefficients beta tertinggi yaitu 0,546 dibandingkan dengan nilai standardized coefficients beta variabel bebas yang lain.
Playing and Fighting as an Electric Violinist
Authors: Seidlitz Kirsten
Published: December 2021

The violin is an instrument used in various musical genres. Besides preserving, elaborating, and valuating, the classical form of the instrument as well as the classical violin repertory, an electronic version of the instrument has entered the music business many decades ago. It allows the musician to produce sounds ranging from classical violin sounds to electric guitar or even electric bass sounds. Nora Kudrjawizki (‘Angelstrings’, “One Violin Orchestra”) is an electric violinist living in Berlin and using the instrument for as many different genres and occasions as possible: playing Nirvana songs or fighting with the violin bow as an improvised sword to “Pirates of the Caribbean” music as part of her performance. Her work will be presented as a case study and will be set into a bigger framework with further electric violinist statements generated from the literature. I focus on the differences in the instrumentalist–instrument relation when playing electric or acoustic. My aim is to prove that the electric violin is mostly used to play public and impress others and that there are also musically interesting aspects and individual experiences that should be valued.
Study on 24 Jieling Drums as Urban Cultural Landscape in Malaysia
Authors: Yunxi Yang , Ow Wei Chow
Published: December 2021

The 24 solar terms, a knowledge system incorporated in the East Asian lunisolar calendar, reflect a typical agricultural life shaped by the astronomical and phenological nature in ancient China. The UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage embodies this Chinese tradition and culture. It is also commonly observed among Chinese diasporas in other parts of the world. Since 1988 when Tan Chai Puan and Tan Hooi Song established 24 Jieling Drums (二十四节令鼓) in Johor Bahru, Malaysia by exploring this Chinese traditional heritage, artistic performances of this vibrant music genre have effectively transmitted drumming aesthetics in Malaysian urban landscape into the Chinese cultural sphere for over three decades. This study explores a characterised link between this millennia-old Chinese cultural heritage and 24 Jieling Drums as an urban cultural landscape in Malaysia, and discusses several issues on the cultural elements applied in a diversified land through the narrative.
Optimal Use of GNSS Spacecraft in SBAS and GBAS Functional Augmentations
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Kurshin V. V. , Filimonova D. V. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”
Published: December 2021

The article discusses a method for improving the quality of navigation services for consumers with increased requirements for accuracy and reliability using satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) and ground-based augmentation systems (GBAS). Augmentation systems provide users with corrections that are used to correct GNSS measurements and integrity information. Due to the existing restrictions on the number of satellites for which corrections are transmitted, the article proposes the optimal use of GPS satellites, which is an incomplete set of 27 satellites that will be used in the GLONASS/GPS/SBAS navigation service, while measurements of the full constellation of GLONASS satellites are used for positioning. It is proposed to carry out the choice of 27 from the existing constellation of 32 GPS satellites in such a way that the subsystem provides the maximum efficiency of using the GNSS signals. The optimization problem or finding the optimal set of excluded GNSS satellites is solved according to R. Bellman’s algorithm. The found optimal set of excluded GNSS satellites makes it possible to reduce VDOP in comparison with the non-optimal one by almost 24 % and thereby improve navigation performance using GLONASS/GPS signals and SBAS corrections.
The Microstrip Device of Cross Redundancy 2 × 3 (3 × 2) for Onboard Equipment of a Command and Measurement System
Authors:   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Alybin V. G. , Zarapin S. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Semochkin A. S. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Avramenko S. V. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”, Yakhutin S. A. ,   Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems”
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the types of microstrip devices of cross redundancy with the dimension 2 × 3 (3 × 2) for onboard equipment of a command and measurement system from the point of view of meeting the basic requirements applied to them. The new type of a microstrip power divider based on combination of the Lange bridge and directional Lange coupler and Wilkinson power divider is offered. The principle of its action is considered and design characteristics are given. The advantages over the known devices of this class are shown: the maximum transmission factor is −4.76 dB, isolation between the inputs is not less than 28 dB, VSWR of the inputs and outputs is not more than 1.4 dB in a frequency band of 12 %, and compactness and relative simplicity of a design.