bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theory of Complex Democracy
Authors: Innerarity Daniel
Published: February 2025

Do our political systems and democracies really reflect the complex reality of the 21st century? Or does politics seem to be legislating about yesterday’s world? In his latest book, Daniel Innerarity warns of the gap between the political concepts that serve as our guide and our overly complex reality that has long ceased to respond to them.Arguing that this theoretical deficit leads to a political practice that simplifies and impoverishes our democracies, nourishing the demagogues and sustaining reassuring old narratives, Innerarity proposes a modern update of key political concepts, from power and sovereignty to territory and representation.

The theory of democracy originates from a time of relative social and political simplicity. There was less pluralism, less interdependence, political entities were autarkic, and the technological tools they had to handle had nothing to do with the sophistication of our artificial intelligence, our financial system, or the technological advances in medicine. And yet, Innerarity argues, there is no need to despair. If democracy has made the transition from the polis to the nation-state, from direct democracy to representative democracy, there is no reason to suppose that it cannot face new challenges, as long as it is provided with an adequate political architecture.

Drawing on a broad range of sources, including classical and contemporary theorists,A Theory of Complex Democracypresents a new theory of democracy and government for the 21st century, a theory that starts from the premise that the most promising rejuvenation of our democracies is to make them more complex.
Tyranny and Theater in the Ancient World
Authors: Duncan Anne
Published: February 2025

Exploring persistent connections between absolute rulers and dramatic performance in Greek and Roman drama and history, Anne Duncan offers the reader a comprehensive insight into the juxtaposition between tyranny and theater in the Greco-Roman world.From the mad kings of Greek and Roman tragedy to the relationships that Greek tyrants and Roman emperors cultivated with actors and playwrights, absolute power has had an inescapably theatricalising effect on ruler and regime.

Traversing various Greco-Roman playwrights, such as Euripides, Sophocles and Seneca, this book analyses the dangerous, unstable tyrants of ancient tragedy alongside the dangerous, unstable tyrants of ancient historiography in order to map out the ancient world’s discourses about the allure and peril of absolute power. Duncan argues that, while any kind of political display has theatrical qualities, it is tyranny that has an especially theatrical mode. Her conclusion is that tyrants and playwrights began to influence each other over the course of Greco-Roman antiquity, so that tragedy tyrants began to resemble real rulers, and real rulers began to style themselves after tragedy tyrants, each trying to tap into the other’s power to command audiences.
Great Auk
Authors: Birkhead Tim
Published: February 2025

The life, death and afterlife of one of the true icons of extinction, the Great Auk

The great auk was a flightless, goose-sized bird superbly adapted for life at sea. Fat, flush with feathers and easy to capture, the birds were in trouble whenever sailors visited their once-remote breeding colonies. Places like Funk Island, off north-east Newfoundland, became scenes of unimaginable slaughter, with birds killed in their millions. By 1800 the auks of Funk Island were gone. A scramble by private collectors for specimens of the final few birds then began, a bloody, unthinking destruction of one of the world’s most extraordinary species.

But their extinction in 1844 wasn’t the end of the great auk story, as the bird went on to have a remarkable afterlife; skins, eggs and skeletons became the focus for dozens of collectors in a story of pathological craving and unscrupulous dealings that goes on to this day.

In a book rich with insight and packed with tales of birds and of people, Tim Birkhead reveals previously unimagined aspects of the bird’s life before humanity, its death on the killing shores of the North Atlantic, and the unrelenting subsequent quest for its remains.

The great auk remains a symbol of human folly and the necessity of conservation. This book tells its story.
Mukden 1905
Authors: Valitutto John
Published: February 2025

A compelling narrative of the largest land battle of its time, and the decisive engagement of the Russo-Japanese War.

Mukden stands out as the most significant battle of the Russo-Japanese War. By February 1905, the conflict had reached its culmination, as Port Arthur had fallen to the Japanese after an epic six-month siege. Now free to mass all his field armies, Japanese commander Marshal Oyama shifted his focus to the Russian forces assembled around the city of Mukden. The Russians, led by General Kuropatkin and numbering over 300,000 men, had finally achieved sufficient strength to conduct their own offensive. A Russian victory would be vital to save both deteriorating morale in the army, as well as to reassure the home front.

This fascinating work documents the decisive set-piece battle between the opposing sides on the plains and hills of Manchuria. Maps, diagrams, battlescene artwork and period photos bring to life the brutal clash, the largest battle in history up to that point. Exploring the unabated fighting across a 90-mile-long front in the depths of winter, John Valitutto considers the effectiveness of each armies' manoeuvres, the trench warfare that prefigured World War I, and the influence of machine guns and massed heavy artillery on the battle’s outcome. Mukden made it clear to all that the conduct of war was changing, with new technologies and tactics demonstrating their terrible potential to the world.
Roman Soldier vs Dacian Warrior
Authors: Dahm Murray
Published: February 2025

Fully illustrated, this book assesses the Roman and Dacian fighting men who clashed in three bloody encounters during the Dacian Wars of AD 85–106.

While the Roman emperor Trajan’s two campaigns against the Dacian people (AD 101–02 and 105–06) are widely known, the earlier conflicts between the Dacians and their Roman neighbours are also important. Drawing upon the latest research and findings, this fully illustrated study investigates the emperor Domitian’s Dacian war (AD 86–88) as well as Trajan’s campaigns.

Inhabiting an area of Europe from the Tisza River to the Black Sea, the Dacians mounted raids into Roman territory throughout the 1st century AD. In 85 Dacian forces invaded Roman territory; after defeating the invaders, the Roman Army moved into Dacia. Distracted by other crises, Domitian made peace and Dacia became a client kingdom of Rome.

In AD 101, the emperor Trajan launched a pre-emptive strike on Dacia, prompting the Dacians to sue for peace in 102. In 105, Trajan’s troops commenced a new campaign; the Romans besieged the Dacian capital, Sarmizegetusa. After the Dacian king committed suicide, a new Roman province of Dacia was established.

Featuring specially commissioned full-colour artwork and mapping, this study pits the might of the Roman Army against the formidable Dacians, showing how the fighting men of both sides adapted their tactics and technologies as the fighting progressed.
South Atlantic 1982
Authors: Konstam Angus
Published: February 2025

A detailed account of the war-winning role that a handful of Harrier squadrons played in the Falklands War.

On 5 April 1982, the British aircraft carriersHermesandInvinciblesailed for the South Atlantic at the heart of the task force that would retake the Falkland Islands, known to Argentina as the Islas Malvinas. Air power was essential to the operation, and some analysts considered the contest unwinnable. The British had just 42 fighter jets available (28 Sea Harriers and 14 RAF Harrier GR.3s), and were outnumbered three-to-one by the Argentinian Air Force.

Naval expert Angus Konstam offers a focused history of naval aviation in the Falklands War. The superbly manoeuvrable Harriers provided air cover during the ferociously contested landings, and later a Harrier Forward Operating Base on the islands was also made available. He explains how the British forces achieved their impressive Falklands air-to-air record, shooting down 21 Argentinian jets for no losses, while suffering more to anti-aircraft fire. He also looks into the Harriers’ ground-attack campaign, and explains the roles played by weapons technology, radar, electronic warfare, aerial reconnaissance, and support helicopters.

Illustrated throughout with spectacular new artwork, 3D diagrams and maps, this book explains how the brutal test of the Falklands War showed the way forward for naval aviation and fleet air defence for decades to come.
RAF Jaguar Units in Combat
Authors: Napier Michael
Published: February 2025

An illustrated account of the development and action-packed service history of the Jaguar attack jet, featuring first-hand accounts from the pilots that flew it into combat.

Developed as a joint venture between Britain and France, the SEPECAT Jaguar was originally intended to be a jet trainer aircraft, but quickly evolved to fulfil a need for a supersonic attack jet with close air support, reconnaissance and tactical nuclear strike capabilities. After first entering service in the 1970s, it flew operational missions for the RAF almost continuously between 1990 and 2003, including numerous combat missions during the first Gulf War and Bosnian War, and reconnaissance missions over northern Iraq and the Balkans.

In this eventful volume, former RAF pilot Michael Napier expertly chronicles the storied career of the Jaguar, as well as the remarkable experiences of those that flew it into combat. Complemented by 24 aircraft profiles that demonstrate the variety of colours worn and ordnance employed by the Jaguar, a combination of detailed research, first-hand accounts and both official and personal photographs bring to life the actions of an aircraft that was a mainstay of the RAF’s attack force for more than a decade.
Luftwaffe Bombers vs British AA Defences
Authors: Nijboer Donald
Published: February 2025

An illustrated study of the British Army’s Anti-Aircraft (AA) Command’s performance against the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz.

When the Battle of Britain commenced in July 1940, the Luftwaffe committed more than 1,200 medium bombers, 300 Ju 87 Stukas and 760 Bf 109 and Bf 110 fighters to the campaign. The response from British AA Command mustered 359 4.5in. guns, 666 3.7in. guns and 226 3in. guns, as well as 3,538 light and medium AA guns to tackle low-level Luftwaffe raiders, but was under-gunned and overstretched, struggling to provide sufficient weapons for every key site. Nevertheless, AA gunners shot down some 300 German aircraft by the end of the Battle of Britain on 31 October 1940, upping this count to 578 before the Blitz finished on 11 May 1941, and leading an estimated 48 per cent of Luftwaffe bombers to turn back because of heavy AA fire.

In this action-packed study, World War 2 aviation expert Donald Nijboer examines the capabilities of both sides, and explores how British AA Command not only shot down so many enemy aircraft, but also forced them to fly higher, broke up their formations and decreased their accuracy. Tactical diagrams, maps, archival photographs and newly commissioned artwork provide additional insight and detail, helping to bring the bitter struggle over the skies of southern England to life.
Cocteau Twins' Blue Bell Knoll
Authors: Tapley Chris
Published: February 2025

In this exploration of Cocteau Twins' quintessential album, Chris Tapley traces lines in all directions from Blue Bell Knoll to paint a revealing portrait of the enigmatic trio and their career-long struggles with self-doubt, stubborn principles, and pure experimentation.

Throughout their career, Cocteau Twins sought to escape definition. Lyrics were a closely guarded secret, their transcendent recordings sounded completely unique, and they were notoriously tight-lipped during interviews. The music, they said, should speak for itself. Only nobody could agree on what the music said.

Released in 1988, their fifth full-length album, Blue Bell Knoll, is the pinnacle of Cocteau Twins' legendary ambiguity. The first album recorded entirely in their own studio, these dense dreamlike songs capture the band as they refined the key elements of their iconic sound while testing the limits of language and the mixing desk.

From lyrics and production to artwork and interviews, everything about this influential, one-of-a-kind band stokes contradictions and uncertainty, and raises the question: can anyone ever really define what a song means?
Contemporary American Survival Film
Authors: Last Cassice
Published: February 2025

The Contemporary American Survival Filminvestigates and breaks down the contemporary American Survival Film (fromCast Awayonwards), focusing on film, television, literature and video games.

In the contemporary (and highly popular) American survival film, a lone figure is lost, trapped or stuck. Whether a desert island, cramped canyon, floating raft or the Alaskan tundra, the space cuts the characters off from their loved ones, communication technologies, transport or a means of escape. The sun burns flesh, the dry air dehydrates, the lack of food starves, the snow chills bodies and the sharp rocks pierce limbs.

This book examines this survival space across film, television, video games, literature and online, asking four questions. Firstly, what does the post 2000s survival space look and behave like, how is it new or distinct? Secondly, the natural environment seems to hold all the power. How responsible is the setting for triggering narrative events, does the character have any agency at all? Thirdly, the environment damages the human body. How does this corporeal destruction interact with the notion of a specifically American fleshiness of the American survivor? Finally, could/would one ever willingly choose to enter the survival space and why? How is this survival space employing, rejecting and reworking past rubrics?
Deprivation of Liberty of Children and Young People
Authors: Lee Chloe , Pudney Pippa
Published: February 2025

This unique text is an accessible and practical guide addressing legal and related issues stemming from the deprivation of liberty of children and young people.

It provides a roadmap to the deprivation of liberty of children and young people, from initially identifying that a child or young person may be deprived of their liberty or that a deprivation of liberty may be required, through to taking an application to court and the course of proceedings. This includes the scope of the Family Court, the Court of Protection and the Family Division of the High Court.

This title:

- Defines a deprivation of liberty, considering how this may look for both children and young people (under 16s and 16 and 17 year olds) - Explores how a deprivation of liberty may be authorised, including the different statutory schemes and courts - Considers the intersection with care proceedings and the interplay between deprivations of liberty and the Children Act 1989 - Explains the different placement types for children and young people including placements outside of the jurisdiction - Provides practical guidance on the transition of children into adulthood - Includes case law summaries

The book unpacks the complicated and convoluted issues surrounding this challenging area of law, and in doing so, supports advocates, practitioners, parents, family and carers who are involved in the lives of children and young people who are deprived of their liberty.

This title is also available within Bloomsbury Professional's Family Law online service.
How to Win: The Future of Law with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Tisenhusen Isabella Barbara
Published: February 2025

We are living in a legal renaissance. Lawyers have never been more empowered to reimagine their profession thanks to AI.

This title answers questions such as ‘Will AI be better than me at my job?’, ‘Why do I need to start using AI?’ and ‘How will AI enhance my capability as a legal professional?’ by providing advice on how lawyers and law firms can integrate new technology and improve their legal practice.

The title further explains how to make interactions between lawyers and clients a win-win for all parties involved, while increasing client retention and profit for the firm.

This book is written by a lawyer, for other lawyers, minus the legalese. It is based on the author’s personal observations of the legal industry and interviews with her colleagues across various practice areas and all levels of seniority. It aims to bring forward ideas for improvement.

Using examples from the UK, EU and the US across corporate law, contract law, mergers and acquisitions and litigation, this title is relevant to lawyers in private practice specialising in all areas of the law.

Are you a practising lawyer at a law firm? Do you sometimes feel like the legal industry is held back by tradition and could use some shaking up? Perhaps you are a mover and shaker yourself. In any case, this book is for you if you are curious about possibilities to improve the legal industry.

The book also includes a list of AI tools that are beneficial in legal work.

This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's Cyber Law online service.
Thelma & Louise
Authors: Sturken Marita
Published: February 2025

Thelma & Louise, directed by Ridley Scott and written by Callie Khouri, sparked a remarkable public discussion about feminism, violence, and the representation of women in cinema on its release in 1991. Subject to media vilification for its apparent justification of armed robbery and manslaughter, it was a huge hit with audiences composed largely but not exclusively of women who cheered the fugitive central characters played by Susan Sarandon and Geena Davis. In her study of the film, Marita Sturken examines Thelma & Louise's production and reception history, and goes on to analyze its rich account of gender politics, landscape, and gun culture. In her foreword to this new edition, Sturken considers the film's continuing impact and topicality in the age of #MeToo.
Spirited Away
Authors: Osmond Andrew
Published: February 2025

Spirited Away, directed by the veteran anime film-maker Hayao Miyazaki, is Japan’s most successful film, and one of the top-grossing ‘foreign language’ films ever released. Set in modern Japan, the film is a wildly imaginative fantasy, at once personal and universal. It tells the story of a listless little girl who stumbles into a magical world where gods relax in a palatial bathhouse, where there are giant babies and hard-working soot sprites, and where a train runs across the sea. Andrew Osmond’s insightful study describes how Miyazaki directed Spirited Away with a degree of creative control undreamt of in most popular cinema, using the film’s delightful, freewheeling visual ideas to explore issues ranging from personal agency and responsibility to what Miyazaki sees as the lamentable state of modern Japan. Osmond unpacks the film’s visual language, which many Western (and some Japanese) audiences find both beautiful and bewildering. He traces connections between Spirited Away and Miyazaki’s prior body of work, arguing that Spirited Away uses the cartoon medium to create a compellingly immersive drawn world.
Tropicália
Authors: Leorne Ana
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive portrait ofTropicália, exploring everything from influences and results to context and main players, demonstrates how the genre helped reinvent Brazil's cultural identity in a post-colonial world.While bossa nova nurtured a snobbish audience rooted in jazz and Música popular brasileira (MPB) spoke to a multicultural yet oppressed nation, Tropicália invested in a crossover instigated by the progressive youth who refused to glorify a past it didn’t identify with and whose outdated codes it didn’t intend to perpetuate. This portrait of Tropicália, exploring everything from influences and results to context and main players, shows how the genre helped reinvent Brazil’s cultural identity in a postcolonial world. The genre’s core comes from a unique mix of native and foreign influences: Tropicália doesn’t reject the international pop panorama but is an undeniable product of it. The book sets the strangling military dictatorship and its resulting censorship serving as the sociopolitical backdrop of the genre. Tropicália propelled culture (and counterculture) forward, moving away from senseless niche intellectualisms in favour of a broader reach of Brazilian music.
Proust's Snobs, Inverts, and Jews
Authors: Soldin Adeline
Published: February 2025

An intersectional investigation of identity formation in Marcel Proust’s magnum opus.

As metonyms for broader categories such as class, sexuality, and ethnicity, the three most discussed identity groups in Proust’sÀ la Recherche du Temps Perdu– snobs, inverts, and Jews – prove to be deeply intertwined and perplexing representations. Attentive to these interwoven complexities,Proust's Snobs, Inverts, and Jewsexamines the novelist’s exploitation of classification systems as a means to subvert the notion of a fixed identity.

To illustrate Proust’s challenges to a social order that restricts our perceptions of identity, Adeline Soldin addresses the inconsistencies and friction surrounding the portrayal of these key figures in his seven-volume novel. Many scholars have recognized that the narrator’s formative journey inLa Rechercheleads to disillusionment and increased mockery of his fellow characters. Soldin contends, however, that Proust does not merely deride characters’ behavior, but rather interrogates their diverse motivations and tendencies, thereby exposing the performative nature of identity.

Proust's Snobs, Inverts, and Jewsdraws on Judith Butler's theories of performativity to illustrate Proust’s precocious portrayal of identity inLa Rechercheas an elusive, unattainable idea that characters pursue yet consistently fail to establish. Ultimately, the enigmatic and anonymous narrator models fluidity and promotes fantasy and imagination to compensate for the limitations imposed on individuals by social and linguistic conventions.
When Criticism Goes to War
Authors: Milutinović Zoran
Published: February 2025

A bold intervention into the lingering debates on Serbian writers Petar PetrovicNjegos and Ivo Andric in the late Yugoslav and post-Yugoslav period, which interrogates the political and moralizing (mis)use of literature.

This open access study asks difficult questions about the relationship between literature, history, politics and ethics: Doesrepresentingsomething in fiction meanendorsingit? Should fiction be used to rewrite history? Should we weaponize legitimate ethical concerns while reading fiction and transform them into superficial moralizing? Should political misreading of fiction be opposed?

Zoran Milutinovic examines a well-established, deeply rooted and widespread Bosniak nationalist discourse on Ivo Andric and, to a lesser extent, Petar Petrovic Njegos. This discourse claims that Nobel Prize winner Andric expounded a nationalist ideology in his works, which instigated, or at least justified, the genocide of Bosnian Muslims. Milutinovic argues that this Bosniak nationalist discourse is not really about Andric’s works. It is a political discourse that uses Andric’s works and career merely as a springboard, and as literary criticism and scholarship, it is harmful. This is criticism thatgoes to war.

When Criticism Goes to Waris a study characterized by a smooth and sensitive writing style that makes this contentious subject accessible to those more generally interested in political distortions of fiction and its authors, as similar attempts to misuse literature are not limited to the Yugoslav context.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
Hochdynamische Servotechnik: Linearmotoren für die präzise Holzbearbeitung
Authors:   Stefan Ziegler
Published: February 2025

Holz ist ein natürlicher und nachwachsender Rohsto und daher selten „astrein“.Deshalb gibt es hochmoderne Anlagen mit KI und Bildverarbeitung, die Fehlstellenin Furnier und Vollholzplatten automatisch erkennen und reparieren. Das nnischeUnternehmen Raute baut solche Reparaturanlagen und setzt auf Antriebs- undAutomatisierungstechnik von Beckho . Translatorische Servomotoren undServoverstärker sorgen hierbei für die notwendige Präzision und Dynamik.
Pravo na besplatnog punomoćnika u parničnom postupku
Authors: Jokić Olivera
Published: February 2025

The representation based on free legal aid in Serbian Civil Procedure is regulated by the Act on Free Legal Aid (ZBPP, 2018) and the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPP, 2011). Additionally, several international conventions govern this matter, which adds to the complexity of the system. However, free legal aid is important for ensuring the right to access justice. Therefore, analysing the conditions for receiving a legal aid lawyer is important, particularly the relationship between the ZBPP and ZPP. Another key issue is the availability of free legal aid in proceedings before the Supreme Court, where parties must be represented by a lawyer. Finally, there are different opinions on the legal basis for representation by a legal aid lawyer — whether it is determined by the party’s will or a court decision. Depending on the response to that issue, a claim might be dismissed if an unauthorised person represents the party.
Calcium and phosphorus status of goats grazing in northwest Moroccan forest
Authors: AL RHARAD Asma , BOUASSAB Abderrahman , ACHERKOUK Mohamed , AYADI Mohammed
Published: February 2025

In the present study, leaves and twigs from 17 shrubs and trees consumed by the west-north Moroccan indigenous goats were collected and evaluated for their calcium and phosphorus (Ca and P) content. The potential mineral needs of adults and young goats of both sexes (male and female) from three localities were estimated to assess their mineral deficiency. This assessment was based on their weight and the diet composition determined through direct observation and the bites method. The browse species had a higher Ca content than P (1.79 vs 1.57 g/kg DM). The adult female goats had the highest P intake (2.04 g/day) with the highest deficit compared to the male adult (-29 vs -26) % of their daily requirements. Young kids (males and females) had the lowest Ca intake (0.81 and 0.75 g/day, respectively) and recorded the lowest deficit (-17 vs -19) %, respectively. Goats also showed a higher Ca deficit than P. In conclusion, the present results offer valuable information about the main mineral intake of the goats in the forest pasture of this region. Supplementing these two minerals is essential for enhancing goat performance in the traditional semi-extensive goat farming system that relies on forest pastures in the western-northern region of Morocco.
Growth performance and profitability of weanling pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus L.) fed pre-starter diet supplemented with nucleotide
Authors: VERDIJO Arwin
Published: February 2025

Nucleotides can improve intestinal health by modulating the local immune response and intestinal mucosa development in weaned piglets. This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of post weaned piglets and evaluated the economic analysis of nucleotides supplementation for 30 days. A total of 120 mixed breed piglets were selected at the weaning stage and were used in the experiment as control group vs. treatment 2 supplemented with nucleotide. Each treatment consisted of 60 heads with three replications with 20 heads per replication arranged in Complete Randomized Design. Results were analyzed through Pairwise T and LSD tests. In terms of growth performance, results showed that supplementation of nucleotide had significantly increased the average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and weight gain by 0.50, 1.20 and 15.02 kg, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in terms of the average daily feed intake. With regards to the economic analysis, total production input had no effect with or without nucleotide supplementation but surprisingly, it had a gross margin of Php 95,900 (Philippine peso money) which was 5% more as with those that have supplementation. As to the net income, supplementation of nucleotides increased about 40.7% in comparison to control. Furthermore, a peso of investment could have a return of about 18 cents (1050 Php) more returns with supplementation, which apparently had 0.11 cents leverage compared to control group (0.07 cents). In conclusion, nucleotide supplementation not only improved the growth performance of post-weaned piglets but also enhanced profitability, offering a significant return on investment for swine producers. This makes nucleotide supplementation a promising strategy for improving both animal health and economic outcomes in swine production.
Keywords: Benefit Cost Ratio, Daily weight gain, Feed conversion ratio, Net Income, Nucleotides.
Sarcocystosis in alpacas and llamas: regional, market, and muscle-specific prevalence patterns
Authors: GARCIA-OLARTE Edgar , NINAHUANCA Jordan , SUAREZ-REYNOSO Wilder , MAURICIO-RAMOS Yakelin , GUILLEN Maria Flores , PAYANO Ide Unchupaico , TACZA Armando Aquino , CONDOR Wilhelm Guerra
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of species (alpacas and llamas), markets in the city of Huancayo (Ferrocarril Commercial Center, Nueva Esperanza, and Nazareth), and muscle groups on the prevalence of Sarcocystis sp. Between January and October 2023, a total of 2,211 carcasses were inspected, comprising 1,716 alpacas and 495 llamas. The results indicated a prevalence of 21% (104/495 carcasses) in llamas and 8% (138/1,716 carcasses) in alpacas. By region of origin, the prevalence in alpacas was reported as follows: Huancavelica (7.7%) with 14/181 carcasses, Junín (6.7%) with 55/820 carcasses, and Lima (9.7%) with 69/715 carcasses. For llamas, the Lima region exhibited the highest prevalence of sarcocystosis (33.9%) with 72/212 carcasses, followed by Huancavelica (14.7%) with 14/102 carcasses, and Junín (9.8%) with 18/181 carcasses. Regarding the markets, the Ferrocarril market presented the highest risk of contamination, serving as the reference group for comparison. In contrast, the Nazareth and Nueva Esperanza markets showed significantly lower odds of Sarcocystis sp. presence, with Odds Ratios (ORs) of 0.38 and 0.25, respectively. For muscle groups, the anatomical distribution of Sarcocystis sp. cysts revealed a preferential localization in the leg (OR = 1.65) and neck (OR = 1.20) compared to the shoulder. This investigation provides significant data on the prevalence of Sarcocystis sp. in alpacas and llamas, highlighting a higher prevalence in llamas despite their smaller sample size. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to address this parasitic infection in camelid production systems.
Primal cuts of carcass and meat characteristics of Kacang goat fed total mixed ration containing different sources of ruminally undegraded protein
Authors: ADIWINART Retno , . KUSTANTINAH , . RUSMAN , RIANTO Edy , PURNOMOADI Agung , ARIFIN Mukh , . SUTARYO , RESTITRISNANI Vita
Published: February 2025

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of feed quality improvement using gliricidia and different sources of protein in total mixed ration (TMR) on the primal cuts, loin eye area, and fatty acids profile of goat meat. This study used twenty yearling Kacang goats weighing of 17.42±1.63 kg. The goats were randomly allocated into 4 different treatments in a completely randomized design. The treatments involved the use of natural grass from rangeland (NGFR; control) as well as improving the quality of feed through TMR containing various ruminally undegraded protein sources, i.e. TMR containing fish meal (TMR-FM), TMR containing soybean meal (TMR-SBM) and TMR containing formaldehyde treated soybean meal (TMR-TSBM). The parameters observed were primal cuts yield, loin eye area, meat, fat, bone of primal cuts, and fatty acids profile. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the goats fed TMR-FM and TMR-TSBM produced significantly higher meat percentage than control goats. The meat yield of TMR-SBM and TMR-TSBM goats were significantly higher than those of control goats. Goats fed TMR-SBM produced the highest primal cuts yield and shoulder weight, while the weight of rib, loin, and leg of TMR-SBM goats were similar to those of TMR-TSBM goats. Loin eye area was similar between the treatments. Saturated fatty acids content in TMR groups was similar to those in control. It can be concluded that improved feed quality using TMR-SBM produced significantly higher primal cuts weight, while TMR-TSBM had better meat-to-bone ratio than control. TMR-TSBM goats produced significantly leaner meat than TMR-SBM goats. Fatty acids profile were similar between treatments.
Effect of graded levels of dietary tomato waste on performance and carcass characteristics of Japanese quail reared under intensive system
Authors: Bhawa Shame , MOREKI John Cassius , MANYEULA Freddy
Published: February 2025

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of soybean meal (SM) with tomato waste (TW) in Japanese quail diets on the resulting yield, internal organs, and carcass characteristics. Eighty unsexed 1-day-old chicks were housed in battery cages with cardboard boxes used as solid floors and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups, 46.2% SM, 44.2% SM + 2% TW, 42.2% SM + 4% TW, or 40.2% SM + 6% TW, over a 6 weeks growth period. Yields and carcass characteristics were then determined. Data were analysed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedures followed by a response procedure for surface regression analysis (Proc RSREG; SAS 9.4) to describe the parameters’ responses to graded levels of dietary tomato waste. Repeated measures analyses showed significant week × diet interaction effects on feed intake (FI, P = 0.03), body weight gain (WG, P = 0.0006), feed conversion ratio (FCR, P = 0.002), protein efficient ratio (P = 0.0001), and growth efficiency (P = 0.0001). By supplementing the diets of quails with a 2% inclusion level, a diet significantly affected quails' FI on weeks 1, 2, 3, and 6. A diet containing 2% TW significantly affected live weight (LW), hot carcass weight (HCW), and cold-dressed weight (CDW). It is concluded that the diet supplementation with 44.2% SM + 2% TW seemed ideal for optimum performance in Japanese quails based on the insignificant change in feed intake and growth efficiency results compared to 46.2% SM for weeks 1 and 2. Further research is needed on the application method that could be used to enhance the utilization of tomato waste in Japanese quails.
El sabotaje al "Puente de Oro": una explosión que estremeció a todo el país
Authors: A. M.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 36, No. 396-397, 1981: 1021-1023.
Los partidos políticos: ¿Opción de futuro o de pasado?
Authors: O. M.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 36, No. 396-397, 1981: 1024-1025.
Septiembre-octubre de 1981
Authors: Anaya Eugenio C.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 36, No. 396-397, 1981: 1028-1037.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT BUAH LUWINGAN (Ficus hispida L.f) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Suharyanisa  , Sitohang Eva Enjelina , Natanael P
Published: February 2025

Diabetes melitus (DM) dapat didefinisikan sebagai penyakit atau gangguan metabolisme kronis dengan multi etiologi yang di tandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa pada seseorang. Buah luwingan mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkoloid, flavonoid, tanin, triterpenoid/steroid, dan saponin yang memiliki khasiat sebagai antidiabetes. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian adalah: Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak etil asetat buah luwingan ( Ficus hispida L.f) pada tikus jantan galur wistar. Populasi sampel yaitu pengambilan bahan tumbuhan dilakukan secara purposive. Sampel ekstrak yang akan diberikan pada tikus putih jantan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. EEBL diperoleh dari tehnik maserasi dengan pelarut etil asetat dan digunakan pada 25 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1 glibenklamid (kontrol positif), kelompok 2 0,5% Na-CMC (kontrol negatif), kelompok 3 EEBL konsentrasi 20%, kelompok 4
EEBL konsentrasi 40%, kelompok 5 EEBL 60% diberikan secara oral selama 14 hari. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan pemberian EEBL dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Sedangkan konsentrasi terbaik untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar yaitu 60%. Berdasakan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa EEBL memiliki khasiat sebagai antidiabetes pada tikus jantan yang telah diinduksi oleh aloksan sebagai model tikus diabetes.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTED TOWARD STUNTING IN CHILDREN IN INDONESI
Authors: Anggraeni Lina Dewi , Utami Tuti Asrianti , Wihardja Hany
Published: February 2025

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to chronic malnutrition, especially in the first 1000 days of Life. Stunting is closely related to the growth and development of the brain and the risk of suffering from chronic diseases in adulthood. Multi-factors that caused stunting include nutrition intake, toddler health status, maternal characteristics, parity, breastfeeding history, and the environment sanitation. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the incidences of stunting in children under five years. This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. This study was conducted from April to October 2019. This study involved 220 toddlers aged 1-5 years with their mothers. Study revealed that number of children were statistically correlated with to the incidence of stunting (p-value 0.005). There were three factors associated with the incidence of stunting in children under five years of age These factors are parity, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and mother's knowledge. The parity factor or the number of children is the most related factor with the incidence of stunting in children (p-value 0.007). Mothers of toddlers must be motivated to provide adequate nutrition in accordance with the needs at the age of growth and development. Government programs to overcome stunting need to start from family planning and the quality of performance of nutrition programs, one of which is intensive nutrition education for pregnant women and mothers of toddlers.
Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Selected Areas of The Transport Sector in Poland
Authors: SOBCZUK Sebastian , ŚWIDERSKI Andrzej
Published: February 2025

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread destabilization, also having an impact on transport activity. Disruptions resulting from the spread of the virus could be observed in land, air and sea transport. The literature focuses mainly on global effects, omitting local specificities, including Polish conditions. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in individual phases of its development on specific types of transport in Poland has not been assessed. Therefore, the aim of the article was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the functioning of the transport sector in Poland. In the publication, based on a review of scientific publications and an analysis of industry results and statistical data describing the implementation of transport processes, an assessment of the impact of the pandemic on passenger and freight transport was made. The areas most exposed to disruptions in the event of an epidemic threat were indicated, taking into account the division into individual phases of the development of such phenomena. The study showed that the passenger transport market experienced greater disruptions than freight transport. Passenger air transport was the most affected, mainly due to restrictions on international traffic and special requirements for entry to countries. Freight transport experienced
a smaller impact, which was comparable across all transport branches. The greatest disruptions occurred in the initial phases of epidemic development and mainly concerned problems in domestic and global supply chains, increased operational costs for maintaining security, and changes in the structure of transported cargo.
Investigating the Relationship between the Factors and Customer Satisfaction in Online Platform
Authors: Gan Kia Hui , Lim Wei Sheng , Lim Sheue Hui , Aronkar Praveen , Lin Xinyuan , Binti Meor Hashim Maisarah , Binti Saadon Mas Dalyna , Nur Akmalia Desta Safa , Dewanti Rosa Ayu , Syafiyyah Putri Rr. Shafana , Bajpayee Vedika , Kee Daisy Mui Hung
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic during the 2020's has led to the rapid growth of e-commerce in recent years, which has necessitated a greater understanding of the factors that contribute to customer satisfaction in the online context. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the e-marketing strategies and customer satisfaction in Lazada. The online survey was carried out to collect data and information from 100 respondents. In this study, five independent variables are investigated. The results indicate assurance and responsibility have significant and positive influence on customer satisfaction whereas efficiency has significant and negative impact on customer satisfaction. This study aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), such as decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), as well as responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). In conclusion, this study contributes to the existing literature on e-commerce by providing empirical evidence on the impact of e-marketing strategies on customer satisfaction
A PROBLEMÁTICA DO ENVELHECIMENTO POPULACIONAL E DA CRISE DO SISTEMA PREVIDENCIÁRIO E A ASSEGURAÇÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Silva Jamiles Cordeiro de Lima e , Lemos Junior Eloy Pereira
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do presente artigo é demonstrar o impacto do envelhecimento populacional no sistema previdenciário e analisar a evolução histórica da previdência social no Brasil para compreender a necessidade de reforma previdenciária em respeito ao princípio do equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial previdenciário. A pesquisa justifica-se diante do aumento da população idosa, aumento da expectativa de vida e baixa taxa de natalidade que, por consequência, geram a redução do número da população economicamente ativa e o aumento do número de pessoas em inatividade, bem como em razão da crise previdenciária instaurada pela má gestão das instituições previdenciárias dos fundos de pensão no Brasil. Utilizando-se do método dedutivo com metodologia bibliográfica-documental, conclui-se que a busca pelo equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial do sistema de previdência social brasileiro é imprescindível, todavia não pode conflitar com o direito fundamental a uma aposentadoria digna que garanta tantos outros direitos sociais como saúde, moradia e alimentação, por exemplo. Para tanto, a adoção de políticas públicas voltadas ao planejamento familiar e aos direitos da pessoa idosa precisa ser priorizada.
Assessing the relative impacts of satellite ozone and its precursor observations to improve global tropospheric ozone analysis using multiple chemical reanalysis systems
Authors: Sekiya Takashi , Emili Emanuele , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , Inness Antje , Qu Zhen , Pierce R. Bradley , Jones Dylan , Worden Helen , Cheng William Y. Y. , Huijnen Vincent , Koren Gerbrand
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Chemical reanalysis products have been produced by integrating various satellite observational data to provide comprehensive information on atmospheric composition. Five global chemical reanalysis datasets were used to evaluate the relative impacts of assimilating satellite ozone and its precursor measurements on surface and free-tropospheric ozone analyses for the year 2010. Observing system experiments (OSEs) were conducted with multiple reanalysis systems under similar settings to evaluate the impacts of reanalysis system selection on the quantification of observing system values. Without data assimilation, large discrepancies remained among the control runs owing to model biases. Data assimilation improved the consistency among the systems, reducing the standard deviation by 72 %–88 % in the lower troposphere through the lower stratosphere, while improving agreement with independent ozonesonde observations. The OSEs suggested the importance of precursor measurements, especially from tropospheric NO2 columns, for improving ozone analysis in the lower troposphere, with varying influences among the systems (increases in global lower-tropospheric ozone by 0.1 % in GEOS-Chem and 7 % in Tropospheric Chemistry Reanalysis version 2 (TCR-2), with only NO2 assimilation). Adjustments made by direct ozone assimilation showed similar vertical patterns between the TCR-2 and IASI-r systems, with increases of 6 %–22 % and decreases of 2 %–21 % in the middle and upper troposphere, respectively, reflecting the biases of the forecast models. These results suggest the importance of considering the effects of the forecast model performance and data assimilation configurations when assessing the observing system impacts to provide unbiased evaluations of satellite systems and to guide the design of future observing systems.
Reducing reliability bias in assessments of extreme weather risk using calibrating priors
Authors: Jewson Stephen , Sweeting Trevor , Jewson Lynne
Published: February 2025

Abstract. A number of recent climate studies have used univariate parametric statistical models to estimate return periods of extreme weather events based on the method of maximum likelihood. Using simulations over multiple training datasets, we find that using maximum likelihood gives predictions of extreme return levels that are exceeded more often than expected. For instance, when using the generalised extreme value distribution (GEVD) with 50 annual data values, fitted using maximum likelihood, we find that 200-year return levels are exceeded more than twice as often as expected; i.e. they are exceeded in more than 1 in 100 simulated years. This bias, which we refer to as a predictive coverage probability (PCP) bias, would be expected to lead to unreliable predictions. We review the theory related to Bayesian prediction using right Haar priors which gives an objective way to incorporate parameter uncertainty into predictions for some statistical models and which eliminates the bias. We consider a number of commonly used parametric statistical models and give the right Haar priors in each case. Where possible, we give analytical solutions for the resulting predictions. Where analytical solutions are not possible, we apply either an asymptotic approximation for the Bayesian prediction integral or ratio of uniforms sampling. For the fully parameterised GEVD and the generalised Pareto distribution with a known location parameter, neither of which have a right Haar prior, we test a number of methods and find one that gives big reductions in the PCP bias relative to maximum likelihood predictions. Finally, we revisit the De Bilt extreme temperature example considered in a number of previous studies and generate revised, and shorter, estimates for the return period of the 2018 heatwave. Software for fitting predictive distributions with parameter uncertainty has been developed by the first author and will be available as an R package.