bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a risk prediction model for bloodstream infection in patients with fever of unknown origin
Authors: Xu Teng , Wu Shi , Li Jingwen , Wang Li , Huang Haihui
Published: December 2022

Background

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a significant cause of mortality among patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO). Inappropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy increases difficulty in BSI diagnosis and treatment. Knowing the risk of BSI at early stage may help improve clinical outcomes and reduce antibiotic overuse.

Methods

We constructed a multivariate prediction model based on clinical features and serum inflammatory markers using a cohort of FUO patients over a 5-year period by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and logistic regression.

Results

Among 712 FUO patients, BSI was confirmed in 55 patients. Five independent predictors available within 24 h after admission for BSI were identified: presence of diabetes mellitus, chills, C-reactive protein level of 50–100 mg/L, procalcitonin > 0.3 ng/mL, neutrophil percentage > 75%. A predictive score incorporating these 5 variables has adequate concordance with an area under the curve of 0.85. The model showed low positive predictive value (22.6%), but excellent negative predictive value (97.4%) for predicting the risk of BSI. The risk of BSI reduced to 2.0% in FUO patients if score < 1.5.

Conclusions

A simple tool based on 5 variables is useful for timely ruling out the individuals at low risk of BSI in FUO population.
Under pressure: design and validation of a pressure-sensitive insole for ankle plantar flexion biofeedback during neuromuscular gait training
Authors: Conner Benjamin C. , Fang Ying , Lerner Zachary F.
Published: December 2022

Background

Electromyography (EMG)-based audiovisual biofeedback systems, developed and tested in research settings to train neuromuscular control in patient populations such as cerebral palsy (CP), have inherent implementation obstacles that may limit their translation to clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to design and validate an alternative, plantar pressure-based biofeedback system for improving ankle plantar flexor recruitment during walking in individuals with CP.

Methods

Eight individuals with CP (11–18 years old) were recruited to test both an EMG-based and a plantar pressure-based biofeedback system while walking. Ankle plantar flexor muscle recruitment, co-contraction at the ankle, and lower limb kinematics were compared between the two systems and relative to baseline walking.

Results

Relative to baseline walking, both biofeedback systems yielded significant increases in mean soleus (43–58%, p < 0.05), and mean (68–70%, p < 0.05) and peak (71–82%, p < 0.05) medial gastrocnemius activation, with no differences between the two systems and strong relationships for all primary outcome variables (R = 0.89–0.94). Ankle co-contraction significantly increased relative to baseline only with the EMG-based system (52%, p = 0.03).

Conclusion

These findings support future research on functional training with this simple, low-cost biofeedback modality.
Information-theoretic secure rational secret sharing in asynchronous networks for untrusted cloud environments
Authors: Hsu Chingfang , Harn Lein , Xia Zhe , Bai Linyan , Zhang Ze
Published: December 2022

Today, cloud storage services increased the popular for data storage in the cloud and retrieve from any location without any time limitations. One of the most important demands required in cloud is secured data transmission in un-trusted cloud applications. Particularly, secure and efficient multiparty communications in Untrusted Cloud Environments (UCE) attract widespread attentions. The equipment used in UCE have the particularity of being heterogeneous and UCE communication environment are asynchronous networks in which multiple users cannot transmit their messages simultaneously. How to ensure secure communication between these heterogeneous intelligent devices is a major challenge for multiparty communication applied in UCE. In such an asynchronous environment, the asynchronous transmission can cause security problems in cryptographic functions. Therefore, how to implement rational secret sharing (RSS) in an asynchronous model of the UCE networks has become a burning research topic. The RSS refers to finding a solution composed of strategies to encourage players in the secret reconstruction to act honestly even players are rational to act for their own interest. If each player plays the game for the best response to the best response of other players, the game is in Nash equilibrium. The objective of an RSS is to achieve the Nash equilibrium state corresponding to the global optima. In this paper, we propose an information-theoretic secure RSS in asynchronous model for UCE. Our design uses Petersen’s VSS to allow every player to divide his share into multiple pieces for other players. Then, shares can be revealed asynchronously. If any player acts maliciously, his share can be recovered by other players. This feature can encourage players to act honestly since any malicious action (i.e., either revealing a fake share or refusing to release one) is useless. Our scheme is practically valuable for secure group-oriented applications in UCE.
Molecular detection and characterization of Shigella spp. harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in children with diarrhea in northwest Iran
Authors: Sabour Sahar , Teimourpour Amir , Mohammadshahi Jafar , Peeridogaheh Hadi , Teimourpour Roghayeh , Azimi Taher , Hosseinali Zahra
Published: December 2022

Shigellosis is one of the acute bowel infections and remains a serious public health problem in resource-poor countries. The present study aimed to survey the distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Shigella strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in northwest Iran. In the present cross-sectional study, from January 2019 to December 2020, 1280 fecal samples were collected from children with diarrhea in Ardabil, Iran. Multiplex PCR assay was applied for the presence of ipaH, invC, wbgZ, rfpB, and rfc genes to detect Shigella spp., Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, and Shigella boydii, respectively. Phenotypic detection of ESBL-producing isolates was carried out using the Double Disc Test (DDT). The frequency of main ESBL encoding genes including blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM was detected using multiplex PCR. The genetic similarity of S. sonnei isolates was determined using ERIC PCR. A total of 49 Shigella isolates (3.8%; 49/1280) including 42 (85.7%) S. sonnei, 5 (10.2%) S. flexneri, and 2 (4%) S. dysenteriae were identified. S. boydii was not detected in any fecal samples. ESBLs were produced by 10.2% of Shigella spp. including 3 S. sonnei, 1 S. flexneri, and 1 S. dysenteriae. The ESBL encoding genes include blaCTX-M and blaTEM found in 65.3% and 61.2% of isolates, respectively. blaSHV gene was not detected in any isolates. The ERIC-PCR profiles allowed the differentiation of 42 S. sonnei strains into 6 clusters. Our study revealed a high frequency of ESBL-encoding genes among Shigella spp. in northwest Iran. The high prevalence of S. sonnei harboring ESBL genes, in the present work, is the main challenge for dysentery treatment, and this concern justifies the need for effective and regular monitoring of antibiotic usage among patients.
Normal size of benign upper neck nodes on MRI: parotid, submandibular, occipital, facial, retroauricular and level IIb nodal groups
Authors: Ai Qi Yong H. , So Tiffany Y. , Hung Kuo Feng , King Ann D.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Nodal size is an important imaging criterion for differentiating benign from malignant nodes in the head and neck cancer staging. This study evaluated the size of normal nodes in less well-documented nodal groups in the upper head and neck on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

Analysis was performed on 289 upper head and neck MRIs of patients without head and neck cancer. The short axial diameters (SAD) of the largest node in the parotid, submandibular, occipital, facial, retroauricular and Level IIb of the upper internal jugular nodal groups were documented and compared to the commonly used threshold of ≥ 10 mm for diagnosis of a malignant node.

Results

Normal nodes in the parotid, occipital, retroauricular and Level IIb groups were small with a mean SAD ranging from 3.8 to 4.4 mm, nodes in the submandibular group were larger with a mean SAD of 5.5 mm and facial nodes were not identified. A size ≥ 10 mm was found in 0.8% of submandibular nodes. Less than 10% of the other nodal group had a SAD of ≥ 6 mm and none of them had a SAD ≥ 8 mm.

Conclusion

To identify malignant neck nodes in these groups there is scope to reduce the size threshold of ≥ 10 mm to improve sensitivity without substantial loss of specificity.
Development of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of diseases
Authors: Tian Yaomei , Hu Die , Li Yuhua , Yang Li
Published: December 2022

Vaccines are one of the most effective medical interventions to combat newly emerging and re-emerging diseases. Prophylactic vaccines against rabies, measles, etc., have excellent effectiveness in preventing viral infection and associated diseases. However, the host immune response is unable to inhibit virus replication or eradicate established diseases in most infected people. Therapeutic vaccines, expressing specific endogenous or exogenous antigens, mainly induce or boost cell-mediated immunity via provoking cytotoxic T cells or elicit humoral immunity via activating B cells to produce specific antibodies. The ultimate aim of a therapeutic vaccine is to reshape the host immunity for eradicating a disease and establishing lasting memory. Therefore, therapeutic vaccines have been developed for the treatment of some infectious diseases and chronic noncommunicable diseases. Various technological strategies have been implemented for the development of therapeutic vaccines, including molecular-based vaccines (peptide/protein, DNA and mRNA vaccines), vector-based vaccines (bacterial vector vaccines, viral vector vaccines and yeast-based vaccines) and cell-based vaccines (dendritic cell vaccines and genetically modified cell vaccines) as well as combinatorial approaches. This review mainly summarizes therapeutic vaccine-induced immunity and describes the development and status of multiple types of therapeutic vaccines against infectious diseases, such as those caused by HPV, HBV, HIV, HCV, and SARS-CoV-2, and chronic noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, that have been evaluated in recent preclinical and clinical studies.
Development of Machine Learning Algorithms Incorporating Electronic Health Record Data, Patient-Reported Outcomes, or Both to Predict Mortality for Outpatients With Cancer
Authors: Parikh Ravi B. , Hasler Jill S. , Zhang Yichen , Liu Manqing , Chivers Corey , Ferrell William , Gabriel Peter E. , Lerman Caryn , Bekelman Justin E. , Chen Jinbo
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE

Machine learning (ML) algorithms that incorporate routinely collected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) alongside electronic health record (EHR) variables may improve prediction of short-term mortality and facilitate earlier supportive and palliative care for patients with cancer.

METHODS

We trained and validated two-phase ML algorithms that incorporated standard PRO assessments alongside approximately 200 routinely collected EHR variables, among patients with medical oncology encounters at a tertiary academic oncology and a community oncology practice.

RESULTS

Among 12,350 patients, 5,870 (47.5%) completed PRO assessments. Compared with EHR- and PRO-only algorithms, the EHR + PRO model improved predictive performance in both tertiary oncology (EHR + PRO v EHR v PRO: area under the curve [AUC] 0.86 [0.85-0.87] v 0.82 [0.81-0.83] v 0.74 [0.74-0.74]) and community oncology (area under the curve 0.89 [0.88-0.90] v 0.86 [0.85-0.88] v 0.77 [0.76-0.79]) practices.

CONCLUSION

Routinely collected PROs contain added prognostic information not captured by an EHR-based ML mortality risk algorithm. Augmenting an EHR-based algorithm with PROs resulted in a more accurate and clinically relevant model, which can facilitate earlier and targeted supportive care for patients with cancer.
Germline Genetic and Treatment-Related Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and St Jude Lifetime Cohorts
Authors: Richard Melissa A. , Mostoufi-Moab Sogol , Rathore Nisha , Baedke Jessica , Brown Austin L. , Chanock Stephen J. , Friedman Danielle N. , Gramatges M. Monica , Howell Rebecca M. , Kamdar Kala Y. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Meacham Lillian R. , Morton Lindsay M. , Oeffinger Kevin , Robison Leslie L. , Sapkota Yadav , Sklar Charles A. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Bhatia Smita , Lupo Philip J.
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE

To characterize germline genetic risk factors of diabetes mellitus among long-term survivors of childhood cancer.

METHODS

Adult survivors of childhood cancer from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) Original Cohort (n = 5,083; 383 with diabetes) were used to conduct a discovery genome-wide association study. Replication was performed using the CCSS Expansion (n = 2,588; 40 with diabetes) and the St Jude Lifetime (SJLIFE; n = 3,351; 208 with diabetes) cohorts. Risk prediction models, stratified on exposure to abdominal radiation, were calculated using logistic regression including attained age, sex and body mass index, diagnosis, alkylating chemotherapy, age at cancer diagnosis, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) on the basis of 395 diabetes variants from the general population. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for models on the basis of traditional risk factors, clinical risk factors, and PRS.

RESULTS

There was a genome-wide significant association of rs55849673-A with diabetes among survivors (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.0 to 4.2; P = 3.7 × 10−8), which is related to expression of ERCC6L2 in the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. The association of rs55849673-A was observed largely among survivors not exposed to abdominal radiation (odds ratio = 3.5, P = 1.1 × 10−7) and the frequency of rs55849673-A was consistently higher among diabetic survivors in the CCSS Expansion and SJLIFE cohorts. Risk prediction models including traditional diabetes risk factors, clinical risk factors and PRS had an optimism-corrected AUC of 0.801, with an AUC of 0.751 in survivors treated with abdominal radiation versus 0.813 in survivors who did not receive abdominal radiation.

CONCLUSION

There is evidence for a novel locus of diabetes among survivors not exposed to abdominal radiation. Further refinement and validation of clinic-based risk prediction models for diabetes among long-term survivors of childhood cancer is warranted.
Effect of continuously variable material parameters on dynamic stability of viscoelastic dielectric elastomers
Authors: Zhang Junshi , Liu Lei
Published: December 2022

As is known, the internal material parameters of dielectric elastomers (DEs) may largely affect the corresponding electromechanical performances. In this article, the dynamic stability analysis of viscoelastic DEs with different material parameters is investigated by using the continuous method. Several affecting material parameters, including the geometrical size, viscous damping, limiting stretch, and shear modulus, are considered, respectively. Continuous variation of geometrical size is found to induce the dynamic instability of DE, while the viscous damping and limiting stretch have limited connection with the occurrence of dynamic instability. Furthermore, increase in the ratio of the shear modulus also causes the dramatic jump of dynamic deformation of DE membranes.
MicroRNAs Associated With Incident Diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program
Authors: Flowers Elena , Aouizerat Bradley E , Kanaya Alka M , Florez Jose C , Gong Xingyue , Zhang Li
Published: December 2022

Context

MicroRNAs (miRs) are short (ie, 18-26 nucleotide) regulatory elements of messenger RNA translation to amino acids.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess whether miRs are predictive of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial.

Methods

This was a secondary analysis (n = 1000) of a subset of the DPP cohort that leveraged banked biospecimens to measure miRs. We used random survival forest and Lasso methods to identify the optimal miR predictors and the Cox proportional hazards to model time to T2D overall and within intervention arms.

Results

We identified 5 miRs (miR-144, miR-186, miR-203a, miR-205, miR-206) that constituted the optimal predictors of incident T2D after adjustment for covariates (hazard ratio [HR] 2.81, 95% CI 2.05, 3.87; P < .001). Predictive risk scores following cross-validation showed the HR for the highest quartile risk group compared with the lowest quartile risk group was 5.91 (95% CI 2.02, 17.3; P < .001). There was significant interaction between the intensive lifestyle (HR 3.60, 95% CI 2.50, 5.18; P < .001) and the metformin (HR 2.72; 95% CI 1.47, 5.00; P = .001) groups compared with placebo. Of the 5 miRs identified, 1 targets a gene with prior known associations with risk for T2D.

Conclusion

We identified 5 miRs that are optimal predictors of incident T2D in the DPP cohort. Future directions include validation of this finding in an independent sample in order to determine whether this risk score may have potential clinical utility for risk stratification of individuals with prediabetes, and functional analysis of the potential genes and pathways targeted by the miRs that were included in the risk score.
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Men and Women—A J-shaped Relationship
Authors: Mukama Trasias , Johnson Theron , Katzke Verena , Kaaks Rudolf
Published: December 2022

Context

The relationship between dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and mortality is of scientific and public health interest, yet it remains poorly understood.

Objective

We examined the association between DHEAS and mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in middle-aged and older men and women.

Methods

DHEAS was measured in stored serum samples collected from 1994 to 1998 from a case-cohort nested within EPIC-Heidelberg, that included 7370 men (mean age = 55.0) and women (mean age = 52.4 years). Median follow-up for incident mortality events was 17.7 years. All deaths due to cancer (n = 1040), cardiovascular diseases (n = 598), and all causes (n = 2407) that occurred in EPIC-Heidelberg until end of 2014 were included.

Results

The association between DHEAS and mortality was nonlinear such that both participants in the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q5) sex- and 5-year age-group specific quintiles of DHEAS were at increased hazard ratios (HR) of mortality from cardiovascular [Q1: HR = 1.83 (95% CI: 1.33-2.51), Q5: 1.39 (1.00-1.94)], cancer [Q1: 1.27 (1.01-1.60), Q5: 1.27 (1.02-1.60)] and all causes [Q1: 1.51 (1.25-1.82), Q5: 1.31 (1.08-1.58)], compared with participants in Q3. In men and women with below-median DHEAS levels, doubling of DHEAS was associated with lower hazards of cardiovascular [0.87, (0.78-0.96)], cancer [0.90, (0.83-0.97)], and total mortality [0.89, (0.83-0.95)]. In contrast, a doubling in DHEAS among participants with above-median levels was associated with 1.20, (1.01-1.42), 1.28, (1.01-1.62), and 1.19 (1.03-1.37) higher hazards of mortality from cancer, cardiovascular, and all causes, respectively.

Conclusion

In this large population-based study, DHEAS showed a J-shaped association with mortality. Both participants with lowest and highest levels experienced higher hazards of mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all causes.
Additional Azaphilones from the Marine Algae-Derived Fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum with Anti-Angiogenic Activity
Authors: Chen Shu-Rong , Wang Shih-Wei , Chen Ching-Yeu , Ke Tzu-Yi , Lin Jue-Jun , Hwang Tsong-Long , Huang Yi-Ting , Huang Yu-Ching , Cheng Yuan-Bin
Published: December 2022

Sixteen azaphilone derivatives, including four new compounds, penicilazaphilones H and I (1 and 2), 11-epi-geumsanol F (3), and 11-epi-geumsanol B (4), together with twelve known analogues (5–16), were isolated from the algae-derived fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum purified from fresh marine macroalgae Grateloupia sp. The planar structures of 1–4 were identified by HRESIMS, IR, NMR, and UV spectroscopic analyses. Their absolute configurations were unambiguously determined by comparing the NMR and ECD spectra. These secondary metabolites were evaluated on the anti-angiogenic effect in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). As a result, compounds 12, 14, and 16 exhibited anti-angiogenic activities by blocking cell growth, migration, and tube formation of EPCs. Additionally, the structure–activity relationships (SAR) for anti-angiogenic effects of isolated azaphilones were deduced.
Pancreatic endometrioma : a rare differential diagnosis for a pseudocyst
Authors: AlNuaimi Dana , Akmal Yasir , AlDuaij Ahmad , Sherif Ahmed , Abdulghaffar Shareefa , Cem Balci Numan
Published: December 2022

Pancreatic endometriosis is extremely rare with only 14 cases reported in the medical literature and its diagnosis on radiological imaging poses a great challenge. We report a case of a 31-year-old female patient with recurrent admissions for pancreatitis of unknown aetiology and no relevant previous medical history. Sectional imaging showed a cystic lesion in the tail of the pancreas and the diagnosis of a post-pancreatitis pseudocyst or a less likely pre-malignant mucinous cystadenoma was considered.

On post-robotic resection of the pancreatic cyst, the histopathology analysis was positive for endometrial stroma. Pancreatic endometriosis although rare should be considered as a differential diagnosis for cystic lesions especially in patients who are known to have pelvic endometriosis. Nevertheless, the gold standard for the definite diagnosis of pancreatic endometriosis remains histopathological.
Mohamed Salah or the Aesthetics of Ordinary Middle East Masculinities
Authors: Marino Danilo
Published: December 2022

On October 6 2020 The Sun reported an event where Mohamed Salah, the celebrated soccer player of the Liverpool FC and the Egyptian national team, had protected David Craig, a 50-year-old homeless man, from people harassing him at a petrol station. According to Mr. Craig, Salah first scolded the attackers and then gave him £100. Craig later declared: “Mo is a real-life hero in my eyes and I want to thank him,” hence the article’s title: “Have-a-Mo Hero.”
Migrants refoulés en Libye. Un naufrage européen ?
Authors: Santer Kiri
Published: December 2022

A bord de sa chaloupe, un pêcheur installé en Libye assistemédusé aux refoulements d’exilé.e.s par les garde-côteslibyens. Une pratique devenue monnaie courante aux larges descôtes libyennes, qui découle de l’externalisation du contrôlemigratoire par l’Europe, au mépris du droit d’asile.
Vos papiers ? L’origine des frontières au Levant et de leur contournement
Authors: Jaquier César
Published: December 2022

Les frontières entre le Liban, la Syrie et l’Irak ont pris leur essor il y a un siècle avec l’arrivée au Levant du transport automobile. Leur réalité a évolué au gré de règlements permettant le passage de certains voyageurs privilégiés et freinant les « indésirables ». Même si ces derniers ont souvent réussi à passer entre les mailles du filet.
Prohibition in der Türkei. Wie sie Alkoholgegner inspirierte
Authors: Biçer-Deveci Elife
Published: December 2022

Als die Türkei vor hundert Jahren aus den Trümmern des Osmanischen Reiches entstand, stritten sich reformorientierte Säkularisten mit Verfechtern von muslimischen Werten. Der Streit entzündete sich damals an der Alkoholfrage – und er tut es noch heute. Alkoholgegner argumentieren mit der islamischen Tradition. Doch die Idee eines staatlichen Alkoholverbotes ist aus dem Westen in die Türkei gekommen.
At the Crossroads of Gender, Power and Audiovisual Culture: Female Politicians and Businesswomen as Represented in Polish Cinema after 1989
Authors: Chudzicka-Dudzik Patrycja
Published: December 2022

Contemporary discourse on gender equality in the mass media focuses primarily on analysing news programmes, TV series and advertisements. However, films also constitute powerful cultural stimuli, capable of modifying the attitudes and behaviour of both audiences and the society as a whole. The strength and longevity of their impact lie in their deep roots in the culture in which they operate. For cinematic representations of women and men, this process implies the need to constantly refer to a certain stock of conventions, cultural stereotypes and ways of thinking about gender present in the mentality and social structures of a given community. The same applies to images of women in power in film, which on the one hand are determined by cultural patterns attributed to each gender, while on the other they themselves contribute to their perpetuation in the social consciousness, at the same time creating social images of relations between gender and power in political and economic life. The article discusses this phenomenon in relation to selected Polish films after 1989. The paper will analyse how the roles and behavioural patterns attributed to women were (re)defined in the (changing) public sphere and what the position of characters representing these characteristics was in the narrative of the films.
Power of the State: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Łoś Robert
Published: December 2022

Power is a fundamental category in the field of political and security sciences. It occupies a key position in practically every theory of international relations. Some of the categories that describe power can be defined using similar terms, although there are also those that define similar categories in a completely different manner. This is what happens when you find similar definitions for terms such as ‘power, ‘strength’, ‘authority’, or ‘influence’. Identifying the factors that make up a state’s power is no less problematic. Even if some elements of power seem to be unchanged (military or economic factors) and important for all currents of the theory of international relations, the differences in their rank may be significant and crucial for understanding the differences between particular theoretical approaches. The aim of the article is to show both the fixed elements of individual theories (primarily realistic and liberal, but also radicalism and postmodernism) as well as the differences in defining the power of their individual representatives.
Effect of 8 weeks CrossFit exercises on high school students during a physical fitness program
Authors: Mime Mokhtar , Hamzaoui Hakim , Benchehida Abdelkader , Cherara Lalia
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CrossFit exercises over a period of 8 weeks in a group of high school students during their physical education sessions at the school. and to mitigate the deficits in fitness caused by COVID-19 prevention measures.

Material and methods: 94 students subject aged (16– 17) years were randomly allocated into an included 46 students (2nd level:12 men 11 women; 3rd level: 12 men 11 women)  and 1 control group included 48 students (2nd level:13 men 11 women; 3rd level: 13 men 12 women Experimental group (EG) that performed the 8 weeks CrossFit exercises and control group (CG). Physical fitness tests were done: lifting straight legs in height (number times); running on the spot with an intensity of 70% of the maximum to severe fatigue (c); "Shuttle" run 4 × 9 m (with); 60 m run (s) and cross twine (cm). Results: there are considering changes, development of the maximum dynamic force endurance, speed abilities, flexibility and mobility in the hip joints of the main groups, In the age aspect, there is mainly the improvement in results with age, both in the main and control groups (p>0,05). Conclusion: the study achieved a significant improvement in the physical condition of the students, also allows to talk about the effectiveness of training, built on the basis of a motivated choice of the target CrossFit high school program.
The effectiveness of an educational program offered in swimming and its effect on improving the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in autistic children
Authors: Harbach Brahim , Sifi Belkacem , Zabchi Noureddine , Mokrani Djamel
Published: December 2022

The study aims to know the effect of an educational program in the ABCs of swimming on the improvement of the indicator of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in autistic children, and to answer this problem, we used a case study approach 10 children aged 4–10 years old who had been diagnosed with both autism spectrum disorder and ADHD by outside psychologists, and the duration of the swimming educational program lasted ten weeks with two lessons per week. As a study tool, we relied on the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scale (Essalem, 2020) with an emphasis on the attention part, and after analyzing the data, we concluded that the autistic child improved most of the indicators under study and this is confirmed by other studies in the same specialty, and that is why he recommends Researchers should swim regularly for autistic children.
Lithuanian grand-ducal demesne pledges (from the 1500s to mid-1520s): Geographical aspects
Authors: Bucevičiūtė Laima
Published: December 2022

The pledging policy by the grand dukes of Lithuania in the sixteenth century has not been practically under research; historians have not given the geographical and cartographical aspects of this problem any attention. This article aims to research the geography of the pledges of the grand-ducal demesne from the 1500s to mid-1520s. This article discusses the concept of the demesne of Lithuanian sovereigns, its size and limits, and we analyse the geographical and statistical information about its composition. We have created a map of pledged estates and properties using the data collected and characterised the most important pledge deeds and pledgees.
Dokumentacja skarbowo-wojskowa z czasów Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego a rejestry poborowe województwa podlaskiego z lat 1578–1580
Authors: Boroda Krzysztof
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest próba oceny skali wpływu stosowanego na Podlasiu do 1569 r. litewskiego systemu skarbowo-wojskowego na dokumentację aktową powstającą po wprowadzeniu w tymże roku polskiego systemu skarbowego.
Podatek podwodowy do połowy XVII stulecia w Koronie
Authors: Łopatecki Karol
Published: December 2022

W artykule przeanalizowano przyczyny wprowadzenia w 1564 r. podatku podwodowego. Scharakteryzowano jego dalsze reformy organizacyjno-prawne zachodzące w drugiej połowie XVI i pierwszej połowie XVII stulecia. Zaakcentowano zasady naliczenia podatku płatnikom, sposób jego wybierania oraz rozwiązania dotyczące ściągania zaległości podatkowych. Punktem granicznym prowadzonych badań są reformy Władysława IV przeprowadzone w latach 1646–1647, kiedy zlikwidowano podwody i czterokrotnie podniesiono wymiar podstawy opodatkowania. Dokonano również oceny wielkości przychodów zasilających skarb nadworny z tej daniny.
Wojsko koronne suplementowe i komputowe w latach 1648–1652 w świetle rachunków skarbowo-wojskowych z Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie
Authors: Nagielski Mirosław
Published: December 2022

Artykuł ukazuje znaczenie akt skarbowo-wojskowych znajdujących się w AGAD w Warszawie dla przedstawienia stanu armii koronnej w latach 1648–1652. Pozwalają one nie tylko na określenie organizacji, struktury czy liczebności poszczególnych jednostek obu zaciągów, tak narodowego, jak cudzoziemskiego, ale także na przedstawienie kadry dowódczej tych oddziałów oraz kosztów ponoszonych przez Rzeczpospolitą na ich utrzymanie. Materiały znajdujące się w poszczególnych działach Archiwum Skarbu Koronnego umożliwiają odtworzenie kadry oficerskiej i podoficerskiej armii koronnej odbierającej zasługi na poszczególnych komisjach skarbowo-wojskowych, których przedstawiciele nie występują w innych leksykonach i słownikach oficerów, a regestrów i rolli jednostek, w których służyli, nie odnajdujemy w dziale 86.
Dochody starostw w Wielkopolsce i Prusach Królewskich w okresie przed i po potopie szwedzkim
Authors: Kozłowska-Szyc Monika
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wielkości i struktury dochodów w wybranych starostwach z terenów Wielkopolski oraz Prus Królewskich w trzech przekrojach chronologicznych. Dochody podzielono na pięć głównych kategorii: 1) z produkcji folwarcznej, 2) z gospodarki przemysłowo-przetwórczej i rybnej wsi, 3) z obciążenia gospodarstwa chłopskiego, 4) z miast oraz 5) inne. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy ukazują spadek wszystkich rodzajów dochodów w latach dwudziestych XVII w. oraz dalszy regres po wojnach z połowy tego stulecia. W strukturze dochodów w pierwszej połowie XVII w. dominowały wpływy z gospodarki folwarcznej, natomiast w latach 1659–1665 wzrosła rola przychodów uzyskiwanych z miast królewskich.
Dochodowość ekonomii królewskich w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim w drugiej połowie XVII wieku
Authors: Zawadzki Stanisław
Published: December 2022

Artykuł jest poświęcony dochodom monarszym z ekonomii królewskich Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego: szawelskiej, olickiej, grodzieńskiej, brzeskiej, kobryńskiej i mohylewskiej. Zostały one przedstawione na podstawie czynszu zapisanego w kontraktach dzierżawnych z drugiej połowy XVII w. Scharakteryzowano także system kontroli dzierżawców, czyli rewizji. Druga część artykułu dotyczy zniszczeń w ekonomiach i leśnictwach ekonomii grodzieńskiej spowodowanych wojnami z Moskwą i Szwecją, które znacząco wpłynęły na spadek dochodowości dóbr stołowych litewskich.
Finansowanie wojny o tron polski w latach 1733–1735 z perspektywy konfederacji partykularnej województw poznańskiego i kaliskiego
Authors: Glabisz Grzegorz
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie sposobu finansowania działań militarnych przez konfederację partykularną województw poznańskiego i kaliskiego, zawiązaną w obronie Stanisława Leszczyńskiego po podwójnej elekcji w 1733 r. Głównymi zagadnieniami badawczymi będą: sposoby uchwalania podatków i skala realizacji ich poboru, specyfika wytworzonej wówczas dokumentacji oraz próby sporządzenia bilansu finansów konfederacji partykularnej. Podstawą tych rozważań będą głównie znakomicie zachowane materiały skarbowe z archiwum Komisji Skarbowej Poznańskiej (asygnacje, kwity, rejestry i rozliczenia).
Training on integrated science learning for science teachers in Nekamese District
Authors: Astiti Kadek Ayu , Surianty Andam
Published: December 2022

PKM activities are carried out in partner schools in the form of training for Mathematics and Natural Sciences teachers to overcome the problems they are facing. Some of the obstacles that are being faced are that science teachers still have difficulty applying integrated science learning according to the demands of the 2013 curriculum. The targets to be achieved in the implementation of this PKM program include increasing the professional competence of teachers in implementing integrated science learning. Activities are designed in several stages, namely 1) coordinating with partner schools for implementation time, 2) providing material related to integrated science learning, 3) Mentoring for Natural Sciences teachers in designing integrated science material and 4) program evaluation. This activity was not only attended by Natural Sciences teachers in partner schools but several Natural Sciences teachers in schools around partner schools were also joined. Participants in the activity were Natural Sciences teachers from SMP N 1 Nekamese, SMP N 2 Nekamese, SMP N 4 Nekamese, and SMP N 5 Nekamese. The participants were quite enthusiastic in participating in this activity, seen from the enthusiasm for joining the activity and dynamic discussions
Training of application plastic waste into ecobricks at Notoprajan, Ngampilan, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Budiarti Gita Indah , Adami Surya , Fakhriyanto Erfan
Published: December 2022

Plastic waste is a serious problem in the community, especially in RW 4,5 and 6 of Notoprajan, Ngampilan, Yogyakarta. The utilization of plastic waste in the region is not yet optimal. This community service activity aims to provide education about plastic waste and train teenagers to make ecobricks. The method used is providing education about the types of plastic waste, the dangers of plastic and the various uses of plastic waste, ecobrick manufacturing. Furthermore, participants will be accompanied to practice directly making ecobricks. The results of this activity were in the form of ecobrick work by the participants. This proves that their understanding and skills have improved with this training.
Technical guidance on the implementation of cooperation with overseas institutions for Takalar Regency Government staff
Authors: Baharuddin Aswin , Darwis Darwis , Asyari Munjin Syafik , Rahman Ishaq , Andika Bama , Abdullah Nurjannah
Published: December 2022

Although the substantively foreign policy is the authority of the central government, local governments must also deal with its implementation. Regional governments must anticipate opportunities to increase cooperation with parties abroad after the Government of Indonesia agrees on economic integration through the ASEAN Economic Community and other multilateral cooperation. In order to maximize these opportunities, the Takalar District Government must prepare government staff who will substantively and technically deal with the process. Responding to these problems, Hasanuddin University together with the Protocol and Communication Section of the Takalar Regency Government Leaders carried out a community service program. This activity aims to provide knowledge and technical skills to respond, analyze and assess cooperation between local governments and institutions abroad. The method used is technical guidance for the staff of the Takalar Regency Government. This activity is carried out in 4 stages, namely elaboration of priority issues with partners, training, mentoring and evaluation. This activity was attended by 15 staff from 5 work units. These work units include the Regional Secretariat, the Protocol and Communications Section of the Leaders, the Investment Office, the Regional Research and Development Agency, and the Cooperatives, MSMEs and Trade Office. The materials presented related to Globalization and Regional Autonomy, Diplomacy Transformation in the Digital Era and Procedures for Implementing Cooperation with foreign parties by Regional Governments were understood by 73.3 per cent of the participants.
Workshop of bar soap making from waste cooking oil to the students guardian of learning class sabumi muslim homeschooling community in Sariwangi, West Bandung Regency
Authors: Sari Myra Wardati , Cengristitama Cengristitama , Riswandi Pendi , Puspitasari Dian
Published: December 2022

Community service in the form of a workshop on making solid soap from used cooking oil with the Sabumi Homeschooling Community aimed to utilize used cooking oil waste and reduce pollution caused by household waste, provide knowledge to the community about making solid soap, and open up entrepreneurial opportunities for the community. In general, the guardians of the Sabumi Homeschooling community and their students with raw materials derived from unused materials/daily household waste. The methods used the form trials of making soap from used cooking oil, counseling about waste cooking oil and making soap theoretically, demonstrations of making solid soap from used cooking oil raw materials, hands-on workshop on making solid soap from a mixture of palm oil and coconut oil raw materials, as well as assistance, reports, and consultations on solid soap printing results. This activity produces solid soap made from used cooking oil (pH 12), as well as solid soaps made from a mixture of palm oil and coconut oil. During the mentoring period, all participants were able to identify the process of curing solid soap, and 2 participants duplicated the process of making solid soap at home with their children
How national regulation will improve patient outcomes
Authors: Lee Anna
Published: December 2022

Anna Lee discusses UK law and ethics within the realm of aesthetic medicine and the upcoming licensing scheme
A reflective statement on the experience of being a mentor
Authors: Goddard Rachel
Published: December 2022

Rachel Goddard reflects on her experience of being both a mentor and mentee
Perioperative pressure injury prevention: National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel root cause analysis toolkit 3.0
Authors: Tescher Ann , Deppisch Michelle , Munro Cassendra , Jorgensen Vince , Cuddigan Janet
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

Operating room-related pressure injuries (ORPI) are particularly challenging to examine for several reasons. Time in the OR is often a distinct event within the hospitalisation, and discovery of an ORPI may occur between several hours and up to 5 days postoperatively. The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) first developed a root cause analysis (RCA) toolkit in 2017 as a systematic strategy for investigating the root causes of facility-acquired pressure injury (PI). The purpose of this 2021 RCA toolkit update was to address an expanded investigation of medical device-related PIs (MDRPIs), both inside and outside the OR, as well as the specific PI prevention issues of the perioperative area.

Methods:

Clinicians have been using the 2017 toolkit as a basis for ongoing quality improvement tracking, since it provides more accurate information than data extractions from patient health records. A small working group consisting of NPIAP board and panel members developed investigative questions to identify the ORPI root causes and compliance with best practices for the entire perioperative experience.

Results:

Action items are linked to evidence-based recommendations from the NPIAP/European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel/Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance 2019 International Guideline and the Association of PeriOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) Guidelines for Perioperative Practice. A multidisciplinary clinician guide was also developed to identify practice gaps and to compile the information into an action plan for staff education and/or process improvement.

Conclusion:

The updated NPIAP RCA toolkit provides mechanisms for investigating, compiling and trending data as a basis for data-driven quality improvement. Using the enhanced investigative tools, the root causes of both MDRPIs and ORPIs can be better understood to target efforts to reduce their occurrence.
High-speed processing of X-ray wavefront marking data with the Unified Modulated Pattern Analysis (UMPA) model
Authors: De Marco Fabio , Savatović Sara , Smith Ronan , Di Trapani Vittorio , Margini Marco , Lautizi Ginevra , Thibault Pierre
Published: December 2022

Wavefront-marking X-ray imaging techniques use e.g., sandpaper or a grating to generate intensity fluctuations, and analyze their distortion by the sample in order to retrieve attenuation, phase-contrast, and dark-field information. Phase contrast yields an improved visibility of soft-tissue specimens, while dark-field reveals small-angle scatter from sub-resolution structures. Both have found many biomedical and engineering applications. The previously developed Unified Modulated Pattern Analysis (UMPA) model extracts these modalities from wavefront-marking data. We here present a new UMPA implementation, capable of rapidly processing large datasets and featuring capabilities to greatly extend the field of view. We also discuss possible artifacts and additional new features.
Shot-noise-limited photon-counting precoding scheme for MIMO ultraviolet communication in atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Ge Hongfei , Zhou Xiaolin , Chen Yongkang , Zhang Jun , Ni Wei , Wang Xin , Zheng Lirong
Published: December 2022

Photon counting is a promising solution to detecting low-power optical signals for ultraviolet (UV) communications in the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) network. Different from the conventional additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) model, the discrete signal-dependent Poisson shot noise poses challenges to the signal processing of photon-counting systems. In this paper, a joint design of precoder and equalizer is proposed for photon-counting multiple-input multiple-output (PhC-MIMO) UV systems. To circumvent the impasse arising from the signal-dependent shot noise, we propose an alternating optimization algorithm based on the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) criterion. The algorithm decomposes the joint design into convex subproblems solved in an alternating manner, and guarantees at least a stationary point solution. Numerical results corroborate that the proposed system exhibits robustness to turbulence fading and offers high throughput while mitigating the adverse effect of background radiation noise. Specifically, the 32 × 8 system can achieve a bit error rate (BER) of 10−5 at the signal energy of −154.0 dBJ per bit under strong Gamma-Gamma turbulence with the scintillation index (S.I.) of 3.
Polarization-multiplexed, single-cavity dual-comb fiber laser based on a birefringent crystal and a saturable absorber
Authors: Gu Xiaorong , Wang Gaowei , Li Yao , Gong Haonan , Liang Yiqiu , Wu Tong , Wang Jiming , Liu Youwen
Published: December 2022

We introduce a calcium carbonate birefringent crystal into an Er-fiber laser mode-locked by a saturable absorber, where dual-comb ultrashort pulses with orthogonal polarization have been obtained. The two ultrashort pulse trains from the laser exhibit polarization contrast ratios of 30 dB and 20 dB, indicating that the dual-comb mode-locking is due to the polarization-multiplexing mechanism. The dual-comb ultrashort pulses have central wavelengths of 1564.41 nm and 1564.51 nm, and pulse durations of 825 fs and 805 fs respectively. The optical spectra and pulse durations of the asynchronous ultrashort pulses are nearly identical, so that the output of the laser could be directly used for dual-comb applications. Besides, the repetition-rate difference of the two mode-locked pulses is 673 Hz, while its drift is only 0.093 Hz within 2 hours’ time. The low drift of the repetition-rate difference manifests the single-cavity dual-comb Er-fiber laser has a high stability and high common-mode noise suppression. At last, we have tested the dual-comb fiber laser in a ranging experiment, where clear interferogram signal can be observed. The experimental results prove that this single-cavity dual-comb Er-fiber laser based on the birefringent crystal and saturable absorber can be a potential source for spectroscopy, optical imaging, absolute distance measurement and other dual-comb applications.