bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The interactive museum and its non-human actants
Authors: Westin Jonathan
Published: August 2018

This explorative study highlights the different strands of interactive learning technologies available to museums and educational institutions, and analyzes their function as non-human actants from a perspective of power and discipline. Through a generalized symmetry I describe a specific technology – the interactive display – as an actant exercising the same autonomy as the other actants. This raises the non-human actant to the same level as the human actants and emphasizes how it controls an equal part of the communication. In this way I try to map out how an exchange is manifested through a network of actants where the technologies conserve the inquiring actant’s knowledge space rather than broaden it. Despite being offered as a technology to make the visitor heard, the result is as curated as the classic exhibition. I conclude that by themselves, interactive displays do not challenge authority at museums but instead reinforce it.
Digital levendegørelse - 1700-tals faktionsleg på Facebook
Authors: Boritz Mette , Jensen Mia Ramsing , Jensen Charlotte S.H. , Lund-Andersen Ida
Published: August 2018

Living history is becoming increasingly popular within the museum world, and is found in many different forms. In this article, we wish to introduce the term ”digital living history” and consider what happens when a decision is made to generate living history in digital form in conjunction with cultural history and museum collections, and what kinds of potential and which challenges are involved in such a process. At the same time, the article will consider to what extent ”digital living history” can be used to engage in a dialogue with target groups not often encountered in museum contexts. The article is based on a project about a fictive young girl named Ida Charlotte, who posted an account of her thoughts and experiences on Facebook, as these unfolded day by day over a six- month period in 1772. This project, which was targeted at young women and girls, was run by the National Museum of Denmark in 2010, and was followed by a series of surveys that are examined in this article.
Jødiske museer, jødiske identiteter og stereotyper. Tilblivelse og udvikling af jødisk museumsvæsen i Bøhmen/Tjekkiet, Ungarn og Slovakiet
Authors: Deme Katalin
Published: August 2018

The focus of this article are three Central-Eastern European Jewish museums, in Prague, Budapest and Bratislava. Its aim is to characterize the communication strategy of these museums through different periods of their institutional history. The final objective of the presentation is to find an answer to the question how Jewish museums can reflect the complex threads of the modern Jewish identity, if not directly, then through the interpretation of the story of a local Jewish community. Any given Jewish museum reflects not only traditions, but also their interruption or their potential rejuvenation. This means that the focus of the analysis will not merely be on the description of typical cultural trade marks or their remnants. It will also deal with the interaction of the above-mentioned museums with their surroundings and the social conditions, historical precursors and future perspectives of their distinctive communication strategies.
Exhibiting Mozart – Rethinking Biography
Authors: Spring Ulrike
Published: August 2018

The article analyses the new permanent exhibition in the composer Wolfgang A. Mozart’s apartment in Vienna, opened in 2006, from the curator’s perspective. The exhibition presents an approach to biographical display in which the exhibited person becomes part of a multifaceted web of contexts, and the article argues for the active deployment of the polysemic character of objects as a means of grasping the complexity of a person’s biography. Presenting a concept for the Mozart exhibition that merges semiotic and cultural theories with the materiality of the objects on display, the article contributes to the discussion as to what constitutes authenticity in museum exhibits, and in particular in memorial spaces, and discusses alternative approaches to the traditional predominance in display of original objects in biographical exhibitions. Moreover, it argues for the productivity of going beyond dichotomies between theoretical and applied museology.
Vellykket samarbeid mellom skole og museum
Authors: Frøyland Merete , Langholm Guri
Published: August 2018

Successful collaboration between schools and museums requires that students are offered activities and tasks which they perform together with others, and which can only be carried out at the museum (Bamberger & Tal 2006:93). Furthermore, if the visit to the museum is closely linked to the school curriculum – with preliminary and complementary coursework – students will manage their own learning, and relate new knowledge to previous experience and knowledge. In Norway, visits to museums have not been performed this way. (Frøyland & Langholm, 2009:92). The Norwegian inquiry shows that a visit to the museum is an isolated event, without any preliminary or complementary work, and with little variation in the methods of teaching. The collaboration between the schools and museums was very limited and not begun until the day of the visit. Evaluation of the value for the students was rarely carried out. We wanted to investigate whether this way of working could be altered, and if “Teaching for Understanding” (Blyth,T 1998) might work as a fertile educational framework. Briefly, Teaching for Understanding focuses on finding crucial educational topics which appeal to both teachers and students, which feature clear-cut targets for understanding and seek different activities which promote under- standing by the student. In addition, the method includes ongoing assessment as well as formative assessment and evaluation. We invited 20 teachers and museum educators to participate in an action research programme to alter the established practice. Previous practice was known through a preliminary study (Frøyland and Langholm 2009). Findings show that the way of working has changed in the course of the research. Based on our research, we concluded that together the teachers and museum educators developed a system which put focus on the students’ learning dividends and which also revealed definite learning by the students. In addition, this research indicates that it is possible for the teacher and museum educator to cooperate regarding the whole of the educational scheme, and that “Teaching for Understanding” ensures a solid framework for this process of collaboration.
Lise Lyck: Museer – hvorfor og hvordan?
Authors: Nørskov Vinnie
Published: August 2018

I øjeblikket er der en stor udredning af de danske museer i gang foranlediget af Kultur- ministeriet efter tidligere kulturminister Car- ina Christensens kulturpolitiske oplæg Kultur for alle. Når Lise Lyck afslutter sin bog Museer – hvorfor og hvordan? med ordene ”For nærvæ- rende er der ikke megen diskussion af museumsområdet.”, så er det med andre ord en sandhed med modifikationer: Der har de seneste år været en intens diskussion i hele museumsverdenen om de danske museers rolle i samfundet. Der er ingen tvivl om, at det i høj grad er en følge af den danske strukturreform, hvor 271 kommuner blev til lagt sammen til 98, og et politisk ønske om museumssammenlægninger. Sammenlægninger fører til en større fokusering på identitet og forskelle på de enkelte institutioner. Det er dermed en meget positiv proces set ude fra, men kan være meget smertefuld for dem, der er inde i den. Men bevidsthed om identitet er forudsætningen for en stor del af de synspunkter, som Lise Lyck argumenterer for i sin bog, nemlig at museerne bør arbejde strategisk med deres formidling og markedsføring for at opnå en bedre position økonomisk.
Museology teaching departments in Sweden have been evaluated
Authors: Vilkuna Janne
Published: August 2018

This article discusses the activities and impact of the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education (Högskoleverket) and the two evaluations of Swedish museology that this body has carried out.
Den fraværende utstillingshistorie
Authors: Larsen Ane Hejlskov , Maure Marc
Published: August 2018

Dette nummer fortsætter med at have fokus på udstillingsmediets virkemidler og dets samspil med publikum. Der har været stor interesse for temaet, og de optagne artikler kommer ind på mange forskellige aspekter og rummer spændende og provokende synspunkter. Men temaet er dermed langt fra udtømt, og vi håber – som også Marc Maure, inviteret medredaktør og ophavsmanden til temaet, skriver i nedenstående forord – at Nordisk Museologi hermed har skabt grobund for mere systematisk forskning i de nordiske landes brug af udstillingsmediet, historisk og på tværs af landegrænser og fag. “Jag har många starka utställningsminne” skriver Eva Persson. ”Ibland önskar jag att jag kunde få dem historiskt belysta, insatta i svenskt och internationellt sammanhang. Men den boken över Sveriges utställningshistoria finns intet. Om man anstänger sig kan man få ett hum om utställningsutvecklingen i Sverige i enskilda museers jubileumsskrifter och årsböcker.” Hva med de andre nordiske land? Har de skrevet sin egen utstillingshistorie? Jeg vil tro at Sverige tross alt har gjort mest med hensyn til publikasjoner om utstillingsspørsmål. Allerede i 1970-årene utmerket landet seg internasjonalt med et aktivt utstillingsmiljø og mange interessante utgivelser, blant annet med Riksutstâllningar som drivkraft.
Håndtering af hellige ting – i museer
Authors: Gilbert Rolf
Published: August 2018

The paper focus on handling of scared objects in a museum. Even when the museum staff do not belong to the religion in question, one should handle the objects with respect and understanding, and let these qualities be part of the visitors experience.
Interpreting the stones: Turku Castle as narrative space
Authors: Aarnipuu Petja
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The history of nationally important heritage sites is often represented as a rather straightforward process of chronological evolution. At Turku Castle in Finland, this narrative is literally set in stone in the restoration works between the late 19th and mid 20th century. These restoration processes resulted in spatial anachronisms, but the architectural decisions also facilitate the visitors’ experience of time and place at the castle. I am introducing new approaches from the fields of narrative and spatial theory, which can be applied in the analysis of the diverse and intertwining relationships of the past and the present in museal representations. The Turku Castle case proves that “inauthenticity” need not become a stumbling block.
Erik Hedqvist, Varats och utvecklingens kedja: En naturhistorisk museiutställning i Göteborg 1923–1968
Authors: Nordlund Christer
Published: August 2018

Tradition utan evolution i Göteborgs naturhistoriska museumUnder mellankrigstiden lanserade den amerikanske idéhistorikern Arthur Lovejoy tesen att det genom västerlandets intellektuella historia går att spåra vissa specifika ”unit ideas”, som utgör vad man skulle kunna kalla tänkandets grundbegrepp. Uppfattningen om sådana idéer kan förvisso förändras, till exempel genom begreppsutveckling och vetenskaplig forskning, och deras popularitet kan variera över tid, men idéerna i sig lever ändå kvar, likt sega tankefigurer. Till denna speciella skara av idéer förde Lovejoy idén om ”varandets stora kedja”: föreställningen att allt som finns hänger ihop, likt länkar i en kedja, samtidigt som det finns en hierarkisk uppdelning, från det lägsta och mest primitiva till det högsta och mest avancerade. Denna tanke uttrycktes i den antika grekiska filosofin och i neoplatonismen, var en del av natursynen inom den kristna idétraditionen och den tidigmoderna naturfilosofin, och under upplysningen och romantiken blev den helt grundläggande för det allomfattande ämnet na- turalhistoria.
At forbinde steder – turistoplevelser på farten
Authors: Bærenholdt Jørgen Ole
Published: August 2018

There are many facets to the ways in which we experience places. Each individual links places with other people, and these linkages can be material, bodily, social, recollected, imagined and fantasy-based in nature. This article examines a range of recent contributions to understanding the concept of place within the context of mobility. This is done primarily on the basis of the most recent research relating to both geography and tourism – research that features ideas from a range of different performance-oriented approaches. These are approaches that on the one hand bring an important focus on the material, bodily and social aspects of experiencing a sense of place via phenomenology, and that on the other hand must involve additional dimensions above and beyond the immediately apparent, and incorporate aspects of imagination and fantasy. Three separate studies – relating to Allinge Harbour, the Hammershus fortress and The Viking Ship Museum – serve to show how the experience of place involves linkages and traces that transcend many different types of time and space.
Making National Museums (NaMu) – ett internationellt program för jämförande studier rörande nationalmuseernas framväxt och funktion
Authors: Aronsson Peter
Published: August 2018

The purpose of the program is to develop the tools, concepts and organisational resources necessary for investigating and comparing the major public structure of National Museums, as created historically and responding to contemporary challenges of globalisation, European integration, and new media. What are the forces and values of traditional national display in dealing with challenges to national, cultural and political discourse? This will be achieved by a series of conferences providing a venue for younger scholars and eminent researcher from Europe to gather and develop the multi-disciplinary competence necessary to understand and compare the dynamics of national museums in a framework for broader historical culture and identity politics.
Opponentindlæg: Outi Turpeinen - Recombining ideas from art and cultural history museums in theory and practice
Authors: Kotilainen Eija-Maija
Published: August 2018

Outi Turpeinen M.A. defended her doctoral dissertation, entitled “A Meaningful Museum Object. Critical visuality in cultural history museum exhibitions”, in public at the University of Arts and Design in Helsinki, Finland in November 2005. Her thesis examines the relationship between a cultural history museum exhibition and the objects on display. Specifically, it aims at shedding light on the formation of the meaning behind the exhibition. The main research questions are: How are meanings constructed for cultural history museums’ exhibition design? How are meanings represented as visual signs by the exhibition design? How does the relationship between exhibition design and museum objects, especially their visuality, affect interpretation?
Eva Silvén og Anders Björklund (red.): Svåra Saker. Ting og berättelser som upprör og berör (with an introduction in English)
Authors: Christensen Line Hjorth
Published: August 2018

Kun de færreste udstillinger får så langstrakt et forløb og gennemgribende en behandling og opmærksomhed, som tilfældet er med “Svåra Saker – Ting og berättelser som upprör og berör”, et udstillingsprojekt initieret af Riksutställningers og Samdok, de kulturhistoriske museers organisation for udforskning af samtidens Sverige. Med det tempo der efterhånden er sat for såvel museers som andre kulturinstitutioners udbud af begivenheder, synes ’oplevelsesøkonomien’ i disse år at nå et højdepunkt, hvor nye ideer, planer, ansøgninger, samarbejdspartnere etc. er på banen, inden der gives mulighed for at evaluere en aktuel eller nyligt overstået udstilling, reflektere dens indhold og videregive disse overvejelser i efterfølgende publikationer, så de også kommer of- fentligheden til gode. Udgivelsen af “Svåra Saker – Ting og berättelser som upprör og berör”, baseret på en vandreudstilling i 1999/2000 af samme navn, signalerer en bevægelse imod den tendens.
Per-Umeå. Att resa med Per-Uno
Authors: Carlsson Göran
Published: August 2018

Förutom att arbeta tillsammans med Per-Uno hemmavid i Västerbottens museum under många år har jag haft förmånen att göra åtskilliga resor i hans sällskap, ofta utomlands. Här har jag smygtecknat honom försjunken i en bok på järnvägstationen i Holbæk under en Danmarksresa.
Memory as a social and discursive practice in monuments. A case study of the Tapio Rautavaara Monument
Authors: Lähdesmäki Tuuli
Published: August 2018

Monuments are protagonists in many historical narratives. They “tell” fascinating stories of past times and past heroes and “advise” us to commemorate and reminisce. But who is actually doing the telling and to whom? How are the stories formed? In monuments the past and present, memory and history, meet in a complex way and form a structure of meanings reflecting the narratives and values of the so-called imagined community. Discursive and narrative practices play a crucial role in the formation and production of the meanings of monuments.
Kunstkammeret og Albert Eckhouts malerier
Authors: Gundestrup Bente
Published: August 2018

The Eckhout-paintings and the Royal Danish Cabinet of Curiosities In the year 1654 the Dutch prince, John Maurice of Nassau-Siegen (1604–79), presented a gift consisting of 26 paintings to the Danish king, Frederik III (born 1609, reigned 1648–70). John Maurice of Nassau-Siegen had been governor of the then Dutch colony of Brazil from 1636–44. The Dutch artist Albert Eckhout (o.1610–1666), one of the many artists and scholars in John Maurice’s entourage, painted the canvases in Brazil in the 1640s.The paintings were probably placed in the Danish Royal Kunstkammer, which was founded by the King around 1650, in 1656. The Kunstkammer was initially established in the old Castle of Copenhagen. In one of the nine rooms, walls and ceiling were decorated with the Brazilian paintings. Eight large and three smaller paintings depicting different types of people from Brazil and Africa and twelve smaller ones of exotic fruits and plants were hung on the walls. A large painting of dancing Indians hung from the ceiling. Later a special building for the royal collections was erected next to the King’s residence. The Eckhout paintings with the rest of the kunstkammer collection were transferred to the new premises and were exhibited in The Indian Chamber and in The Gallery. Two of the paintings were lost before 1794.The Royal Kunstkammer existed officially until 1825, when the bulk of the objects were dispersed to newly established specialist museums. The surviving paintings were also dispersed, the greater part first exhibited in the Portrait Gallery at Frederiksborg Castle, were transferred in 1848 to the Royal Ethnographical Museum, now the National Museum of Denmark. Three of the paintings went to the Royal Picture Gallery, now the Museum of Fine Arts.
Interiører på Frederiksborg
Authors: Skougaard Mette
Published: August 2018

Interiors at Frederiksborg Frederiksborg, the royal castle in Hillerød, north of Copenhagen, was built at the beginning of the l7th century by King Christian IV as his most resplendent residence. It was used as a royal residence for over 200 years until fire destroyed most of its interior in 1859. During the following decades, the castle was rebuilt and the interiors gradually restored. Finally, on the initiative of the founder of the Carlsberg Breweries, J.C. Jacobsen, the castle was converted into a museum of Danish National History in 1878. Visitors to the museum today, are perhaps unaware that they are passing through rooms dating from vastly different periods of time. In fact, the interior comprises rooms that are of fundamentally different in that they, range from original interiors that survived the fire of 1859 to those that were restored following the fire, and finally to the museum-interiors created gradually from 1878 onwards. Through an examination of these stages of restoration and development, this article attempts to broaden the conceptual framework for the understanding of museum interiors.
Kunskap – upplevelse – pengar
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Kring senaste årsskifte pågick en museidebatt i några svenska dagstidningar. Chefre- daktören för Dagens Forskning, historikern Anders Björnsson, fann fyra huvudteman när han sammanfattade debatten i DIKforum (nr 9–03): museernas inriktning, samhällsrelevans, forskning och samlingar. Samhällsrelevansen, det kanske övergripande temat, måste rimligtvis bejakas. Ett nät av offentliga museer blev under första hälften av 1900-talet ett accepterat samhällsåtagande. Inom ramen för 1970-talets svenska kulturpolitik följde en påtaglig professionalisering av museerna. Med stöd av statliga rapporter ställdes kvalitetskrav på samlande och samlingsvård, därmed på ökande ekonomiska insatser. Visandet och förmedlandet utvecklades, dels inom Riksutställningars särskilda uppdrag, dels genom en ökande skara museipedagoger. Museerna har erövrat en självklar roll som historiens hus, där medborgarna ska ha fri tillgång till historiska erfarenheter. Dock – det samhällsekonomiska greppet hårdnar och olika lönsamhetskrav gör sig gällande. Samhällsrelevansen synas: forskningsuppdraget är omtvistat, även sedan den basverksamhet som kallats samlande/dokumentation döpts om till kunskaps- uppbyggnad och makar museerna närmare eftertraktad forskningsstatus. Samlingsvård och trygg förvaring borde måhända anförtros specialistinstitutioner. Återstår visningsuppgiften – vad söker egentligen besökaren i museet?
If we do not know our past, we have no future. The importance of a museum and a home district for local identity
Authors: Rinta-Porkkunen Nina , Ylitalo Saija
Published: August 2018

Has the concept of home district and a local museum any importance for the community? Do local museums play a role in the construction of local identity? A research project on these issues carried out by the authors has found that in small agricultural places in Finland the most important form of museum activity is to collect local arts and crafts. This helps to maintain affection for the home district and to support local identity. A local museum helps the members of the community to understand the present through the past.
Nefertiti längtar hem
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Herbert Ganslmayr, framsynt direktör för Bremens etnografiska Übersee-Museum, var under en följd av år ordförande i ICOMs Advisory Committee och aktiv i ICME, den internationella kommittén för etnografiska museer. Återförandeönskemålen diskuterades då som bäst inom Unesco och Ganslmayr argumenterade kraftfullt för ICOMs roll i deras praktiska förverkligande. Särskilt drev han ömsesidighetsprinci- pen i förhållandet mellan tredje världens och Europas museer. I boken Nofretete will nach Hause. Europa – Schatzhaus der dritten Welt som kom ut 1984 skrev han några av de fallstudier som blev en verkningsfull plädering för de rättmätiga kraven på ett återlämnande av det kulturarv som under långa år av kolonial exploatering hopats i Europas etnografiska museer. Unescos utredning av restitutionsfrågan ledde fem år senare till den resolution som fastslog alla samhällens primära rätt till sitt kulturarv.
Specify the Spiral
Authors: Miles Gwyn
Published: August 2018

The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) is the largest decorative arts museum in the world. The unrivalled collections, which have developed over the last 150 years and which continue to grow apace, are housed within a complex of Grade 1 listed buildings in South Kensington. These buildings, started in the 1850s and completed by Aston Webb in 1909, are an important part of the Museum experience. They encompass seven miles of galleries in which the public may encounter diverse collections: these include ceramics, dress, furniture, glass, jewellery, metalwork, photographs, paintings, sculpture and textiles drawn from Europe and Asia.
Content & display: representing the contemporary
Authors: Pavitt Jane
Published: August 2018

The purpose of the Spiral is to provide a platform for the presentation of the contemporary – in visual culture, ideas, attitudes and experiences. In an attempt to capture the character and ethos of the building, it is first necessary to ask ‘What is contemporary?’ and then ‘Whose contemporary?’ In doing so, I hope to distill some of the ideas and debates about appropriate content, and also to suggest how a visit to the Spiral might look and feel.
Klassikern: Kulturvårdens plats i samhället
Authors: Janson Sverker
Published: August 2018

I flera olika sammanhang har här (i ’Kulturvård och samhällsbildning’) framhållits, att det allmännas, samhällets, intressen har varit och är avgörande i äldre och nyare tid för utformningen av lagar och förordningar inom kulturvården. Samhället skall inte tillåta, att den enskilde får fritt förfoga över vad som är landets urkunder, produkterna av gångna tiders arbete och samhällsbyggande, dvs. våra kulturminnen.
Da fyrstikkfabrikken ble bygget
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

En liten sensasjon var det i sommer da Terje Vegar Larsen kom innom arkivet på Stenberg med en gammel regnskapsprotokoll funnet på loftet til kårbygningen på garden Elton. Protokollen var ført av Jens Bjerknes (1835-1901) som var gardbruker og ”propiertær” på Elton ovenfor Raufoss.
Kan vi verne et telefonnummer? Om å velge framtidas kulturarv
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

Jeg har ikke sett på meg sjøl som gammel, men må kanskje snart skifte meining. I mine aller første leveår på 1950-tallet bodde vi i huset til ei tante av min far. Der hadde vi telefon, og telefonnummeret var lett å huske, tro det eller ei – det var telefonnummer 1. Det må da være så spesielt at vi må kunne snakke om verneverdi?
Ur fyra plandokument
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

John Aage Gjestrums 1990-tal dominerades av en febril aktivitet knuten till en rad skilda åtaganden och initiativ. De avspeglas främst i det tiotal ’plandokument’ som förtecknas i hans bibliografi. Ur fyra av dem återges utdrag som kan ge en uppfattning om spännvidden i hans intressen och engagemang. Det första är hämtat ur en studie 1993 på uppdrag av de svenska kommunala museernas samarbetskommitté som fäste uppmärksamhet på de svenska lokala museernas undanskymda tillvaro i musei- landskapet. John Aage hävdade – vilket onekligen väckte uppseende – dels att den officiellt tillämpade museidefinitionen i Sverige på centrala punkter avvek från ICOMs, dels att vare sig dessa museers existens eller verksamhet därför överhuvudtaget räknades. Det andra är hämtat ur en förstudie till ett informationscentrum för jugendstaden Ålesund, utförd 1995 tillsammans med Marc Maure. År 1998 arbetade John Aage med förprojektet till en Antikvarisk Bygningsbank för ”Østlandets flatbygd”, varur ingressen återges. Slutligen fäste utredningen 1999 om Kapps mjölkfabrik uppmärksamheten på en föga känd fas av jordbruksnäringens industrialisering.
A brief summary of the texts on pp. 4–92 with biographical notes
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

John Aage Gjestrum was born in the village of Bøverbru in Toten municipality, close to the lake Mjøsa in Southeast Norway. In his early teens he was deeply influenced by Johannes Sivesind, who was then director of Toten Museum and over the years came to serve as John Aage’s inspiring mentor. Sivesind left Toten in 1967. Ten years later, after having completed his studies, John Aage returned to Toten to become museum director. He was only 24 years old, which was in those days sensational for a museum director in Norway.
Skriften på veggen – og i montrene
Authors: Aaraas Olav
Published: August 2018

In a playful short story the author confronts a curator and a copywriter on the ever recurring issue of the role of labels and texts in museum exhibitions. Education vs entertainment, dullness vs seduction, a conflict based on the legibility and quality of the wording. The confrontation ends in peace with the curator admitting that a lot can be learnt from the verbal economy and wit of the commercial copywriter, even from the limitations of SMS messages, in order to catch the attention and imagination of the casual visitor, thereby maybe enticing her/him to study more demanding information.
About Strategies of Opening and Openness in Lithuanian Museology
Authors: Lubyte Elona
Published: August 2018

This is the narrative of a museum employee working during the period of ongoing change that is taking place in our country, Lithuania. After the restoration of independence, a new market economy strategy and the emergence of a private sector can be noted, both related to the new political view. They resulted from the attempt to return to the global context after half a century of Soviet occupation. The museum space is traditionally related to the protection and representation of cultural heritage. In Lithuania, as in the majority of Eastern European countries, museums and their collections are owned by the state. Our country has 93 museums of which 3 are national, 16 supported by the Republic, 56 municipal, 14 departmental and 4 private. A free market is characterised by selfregulatory laws. Exceptions slowly replace previously valid rules. Two private sculpture parks are examples of such exceptions in the slowly recovering Lithuanian cultural scene: the International European Centre Sculpture Museum, 1993, and the Grûtas Park, 1999, featuring disassembled monuments of the Soviet period. The stories of their creation represent two different models for establishing private museums, which, in a general sense, may be characterized as the strategy of opening and openness respectively. The story of the lattery type of establishment gives more insight into the essence of the changes that are taking place.
Sources of the National Museum of Lithuania
Authors: Bucys Zygintas
Published: August 2018

”Not all yet understand the true meaning of the Museum, thinking that it is something like Valhala, where morality and genius must be exalted. Not all yet understand that Archæology, trying to avoid empty inducements, today’s passions, is not obliged to flatter a nation’s pride. By collecting monuments of all that was alive and interesting in the past, history is given the right to evaluate, praise or condemn. In the faces of ancestors it is not looking for beauty, but likeness”. The first museum in Lithuania – the Vilnius Museum of Antiquities – was established almost a hundred and fifty years ago (1855) according to this statement of belief by of one of the most famous researchers of Lithuanian culture in mid-19th century, Adam Kirkor.
Kunstkammeret som dannelsesritual
Authors: Illeris Helene
Published: August 2018

In the fifteenth and sixteenth century The Royal Danish Kunstkammer provided the framework for two different educational rituals, one aimed at the court and another aimed at visitors from outside. The article employs an educational-anthropological perspective to investigate how the Kunstkammer’s spatial organisations favoured certain movement and perception.
Nordisk Museumsforbunds konference på Ålandsøerne 2005
Authors: Adriansen Inge
Published: August 2018

Skandinavisk Museumsforbund er den eneste fællesnordiske museumsforening, og den fungerer for mange som et værdifuldt regionalt netværk. Den er ikke et alternativ til ICOM, men et godt supplement. Det er også en tværvidenskabelig forening, og der lægges derfor vægt på, at alle museumsdiscipliner bliver inddraget i foreningens virke. Hver tredje år afholder Skandinavisk Museumsforbund en konference i et af de nordiske lande, og i 2005 fandt konferencen sted på Ålandsøerne. Temaet var ”Nordiske samfærdselsveje”, og det blev belyst både i konkret og overført betydning.
Mikael Eiverård (red.): Kulturarv och historiebruk
Authors: Pettersson Richard
Published: August 2018

”Museer brukar ibland beskrivas som samhällets minne. Men vad minns egentligen museet? Vad hamnar utanför detta minne?” Texten står att läsa på baksidan av Fornårdaren nr. 28, en antologi som sammanställts under rubriken ”Kulturarv och historiebruk”. Bortsett från frågeställningens i sak orimliga anspråk (institutioner kan inte äga ett minne!) är frågan i högsta grad berättigad: Vem eller vilka styr egentligen hur minnen ska representeras på museet av idag?
Sverre Fehns museumsteori
Authors: Egede-Nissen Hans
Published: August 2018

Sverre Fehn and his theory of exhibitions In the 17th century a large barn was erected on the ruins of a medieval bishop's residence at Hamar in Norway. Today it has been transformed into a historical museum, Storhamarlåven. The exhibition of historical objects has been designed by the famous architect Sverre Fehn. In this paper, which is a chapter in a more extensive study of Fehn, the author analyses the exhibition against the background of Fehn's own writings and statements made in press interviews. The author finds that Fehn in his adherence to modernism, is akin to Elias Cannetti who has characterized 'history' as an old vampire sucking the blood out of young people's brains and who argues that people who do not make their way out of history are irretrievably lost. How can Fehn combine the modernistic rejection of everything with a taste for history and nationalism with the museological responsibility to further identity and factual historical information? Both aims to be achieved through the medium of material objects.
"Det er helt vildt!" - Om læsestrategier og reception af en udstilling
Authors: Ingemann Bruno
Published: August 2018

Close to individual reading strategies and reception of an exhibition If you want to know how the museum visitor experiences the exhibition there is a long tradition of using registration of the visitors' moves in the exhibition to find out where the hot-spots are; or using questionnaires to collect information. That can easily be quantified; or using qualitative interviews of the visitor after the museum experience.The problem with these methods is that the visitor needs to formulate a meaning for his or her experience and in this reconstruction of the visit often adds elements that were not present in the experience itself.
Museet – en backspegel mot gryningen
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Den engelske museifilosofen Kenneth Hudson avled den 28 december 1999, 83 ar gammal. Åtskilligt har redan skrivits om hans europeiska och internationella betydelse både som kultur- och industrihistoriker och - under de senaste decennierna - som oförtröttlig, kritisk och uppmuntrande granskare av museernas verksamhet. Han hade en orubblig tro på deras samhälleliga betydelse som kulturhistorisk glädjekälla och kunskapsresurs, men släppte dock aldrig deras publika tillkortakommanden ur sikte. Hans kriterier var handfasta och hans misstänksamhet mot teoretiserande aldrig långt borta. Kenneth Hudson gjorde flera minnesvärda framtradanden i de nordiska länderna.
Lene Floris och Annette Vasström: På museum - mellem oplevelse og oplysning
Authors: Palmqvist Lennart
Published: August 2018

På museum av Lene Floris och Annette Vasström är ett mycket välkommet rillskott till de ännu ganska fåtaliga bidragen till den museologiskt inriktade litteraturen i Norden. Boken ingår i en serie undersökningar om historieförmedling som bedrivs av universitetet i Roskilde.
Rättelse/Errata
Authors: Aurasmaa Anne
Published: August 2018

After the review of Taku Wakan and The Etholén Collection was published in Nordisk Museology 1997/1 some questions have arisen which I want to clarify. A couple of mistakes were made in the editing of the text, most of them being of no great importance, but in two cases the meaning of the sentences has changed.
Alvar Aalto i spåren
Authors: Salén Gösta
Published: August 2018

On the track of Alvar Aalto The first part of the paper describes two encounters with the famous architect. The first one, which afforded the opportunity for a long conversation, occurred in 1965 when the aurhor went to Helsinki to acquire pictures for an architectural magazine.
Ett nytt forskningsområde
Authors: Isacson Maths
Published: August 2018

A new field of research A doctoral thesis has recently been presented at the University of Linkoping by Annika Alzen which deals with the preservation of the old industrial area in the heart of Norrköping - once called Sweden's Manchester because of its flourishing textile industry.
1. Museologisk bibliografi; 2. Museerne ved årtusindskiftet; 3. Samtid och museer
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

1. Odd Heide Hald: Museologisk bibliografi. 2. Michael Lauenborg & Peter Pentz (red.): Museerne ved årtusindskiftet. 3. Samtid och museer. Kvartalstidskrift som utges av SAMDOK
Utstillingen"Med egin hand" – "folkekunst" sett med nye øyne og i nytt lys
Authors: Christie Inger Lise
Published: August 2018

The exhibition «With my own hand» - «Folk Art» in a renewed view and new lightingThe comprehensive collections of folk art in Norsk Folkemuseum (Norwegian Folk Museum) in Oslo were presented in a new «basic» exhibition in 1993. The concept of «folk art» in Norway is mostly understood as «rural hand craft» or «rural art», produced in the country districts for the rural milieu, mostly for the more well-to-do social classes, before industrialism started around 1850.
Konstmuseet som metafor: Om museet som tidsangivare och om utställningarna som tvivelaktiga verktyg
Authors: Sydhoff Beate
Published: August 2018

The Art Museum as Metaphor Beate Sydhoff, art historian and writer, explores the role of the art museum as a metaphor for an idea and a period in history, something that has developed during the last thirty years. During this time the museum has become less representative and more subjective in terms of collections, less objective and more individualistic in its architecture and evidently more of a symbol than a functional construction housing historic remains.
Lenin is dead, his museum is Finnish – The Lenin Museum in Tampere
Authors: Minkkinen Aimo
Published: August 2018

In 1995 there was a disastrous earthquake in Sahalin which destroyed the town of Neftekamsk totally. Only Lenin's statue was saved and it now stands on even ground. Symbolic? When Finland became independent in December 1917, its civil war was won by the Whites aided by German troops. Lenin's Finnish connections were no longer officially remembered. The situation changed completely after the Second World War: The Lenin Museum in Tampere was founded on January 20th, 1946 by the Friendship Society of Finland and the Soviet Union (now called The Finland-Russia Society).
Ronald Rainger, An Agenda for Antiquity: Henry Fairfield Osborn & Vertebrate Paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History 1890-1935
Authors: Hedqvist Eric
Published: August 2018

Ar 1915 påböjades arbetet på The Hall of the Age of Man i American Museum of Natural History i New York. Det leddes av museets inflytelserike direktör Henry Fairfield Osborn. Utställningen fylldes av arcefakter och fossil från forhistoriska människor.
Genstandsindsamling og arbejderkultur
Authors: Vasström Anette
Published: August 2018

Museum collecting and working-class culture Collecting practice at the Workers' Museum in Copenhagen is described and discussed. First the author offers an argument for the field of collecting which the museum represents. The order of things as presented in a hierarchy determined by the market varies from another determined by the production of cultural heritage.
Lokalmuseet som process
Authors: De Varine Hugues
Published: August 2018

The local museum as a process The role of the museum in community development is discussed. The author, former director of ICOM, took an active part in promoting the active role of local museums in cultural development. He was inspired by his experiences of Scandinavian open air museums, neighbourhood museums in the United States and the Mexican school museums.
Några tankar om EKODOK-90
Authors: Nilsson Bo
Published: August 2018

Some thoughts concerning EKODOK-90 EKODOK-90 was a documentary project started with the instigation of a national report on museums published in 1986. Among the proposals put forward in the report were several activities aimed at including some important contemporary issues on the agenda of the museums.
Museimän göre sig ej besvär
Authors: Parr Mikael
Published: August 2018

Curators should not take the trouble... Sweden has a comparatively large number of museums honouring famous people, considering the size of its population. Of those museums, 69 in all, 20 are devoted to authors and 18 to artists. In contrast to similar museums in Western Europe, only a few Swedish museums celebrate composers and musicians, which is also true of politicians and churchmen.
Museologiens plass i vitenskapenes system
Authors: Waidacher Friedrich
Published: August 2018

«Hvis noen for tretti, ja bare tjue ar siden hadde snakket eller skrevet om 'museologi' som en egen vitenskap, ville han av mange bli møtt av en medlidende eller nedsettende latter. Nå er det ganske visst annerledes.» Slik skrev direktøren for Grüne Gewölbe i Dresden, Johann Georg Theodor Græsse, i 1883 - altså for 112 år siden - i 'Zeitschrift für Museologie und Antiquitätenkunde sowie verwandte Wissenschaften: som han grunnla i 1877.
An increase in the number of visitors to Swedish museums and historical sites
Authors: Nylöf Göran
Published: August 2018

A new report, Kulturbarometern i detalj: Tema Konst, museer och utstallningar ('The Barometer of Culture in Detail: Theme Art, Museums and Exhibitions') has recently (Spring 1995) been published by the National Council for Cultural Affairs. Its introductory part presents the Swedish population as visitors to museums, historic and prehistoric sites. Its second part describes the general interest among the population for arts and crafts and the ways in which they are expressed. It is based on interviews conducted in 1993 by the Audience and Program Research Department (now closed) at the Swedish Broadcasting Corporation. The results represent attitudes in all Swedish-speaking people in Sweden between 15 and 79 years of age.
Man and idea. A short history of the Baron Emil Cedercreutz' Museum
Authors: Kava Ritva
Published: August 2018

The museum of Emil Cedercreutz in Harjavalta, Satakunta, represents the life's work of Baron Emil Cedercreutz (1879-1949). Emil Cedercreutz was a sculptor by profession, but he is also known as a silhouette artist, antiquarian, and writer. Cedercreutz 's reputation as an antiquarian in his own time is based on the museum called the Temple of the Rural Spirit, which he founded. It forms one part of the present Emil Cedercreutz Museum, which also comprises Cedercreutz 's home, Harjula, and an art museum.
Boknotiser
Authors: Næss Jenny-Rita , Strandgaard Ole , Hedqvist Eric , Gjestrum John Aage , Nordbladh Jarl , Meldgaard Inge , Olsen Bjørnar
Published: August 2018

Feministisk museumskritikk. Nytt om kvinneforskning fra Norges forskningsråd Sekretariat for kvinneforskning Eva Persson: Utställningsform Eileen Hooper-Greenhill, Museums and their visitorsGeir Vestheim: Museum i eit tidsskifte Camera archaeologica. Rapport fra et feltarbeid Tonte Hegard: Hans Aall - mannen, visjonen og verketMichael Ames: Cannibal tours and glass boxes Inga Lundstrom & Jenny-Rita Næss: Bevarandearkeologi. Ett ämnes syn pa sitt kallmaterial.
Creating prehistory: Archeology museums and the discource of modernism
Authors: Olsen Bjørnar , Svestad Asgeir
Published: August 2018

In the 19th century a number of new scientific disciplines made their appearance in Europe. Among these was archaeology, a discipline concerned with mans very distant past. Archaeology unfolded in a space created by the collapse of the pre-modern, biblical conception of history. This breakdown had left a void which archaeology, along with several other evolutionary disciplines, were able successfully to fill. By the end of the 19th century a vast number of archaeological collections, exhibitions and museums had grown up throughout Europe and stood as material signifiers of the newly established time-depth of man.
Reviewing the museum or: The complexity of things
Authors: Grasskamp Walter
Published: August 2018

The young historian, Anthony Maloney, Assistant Professor at the McGill University, Montreal is a specialist on the Victorian era. He spends a few days in California, where, in his motel room on the last weekend before his flight home, he has a dream. Outside his window, on a huge car-park, a complete exhibition on Victorian culture has appeared overnight. The exhibition is a hybrid of world exhibition, museum and annual fair, in which are combined every Victorian object Maloney has ever seen in a museum, with those he has only read about or seen illustrated. Others are virtually unknown to him, but their existence would indeed have been possible.
Antiquarian attitudes. Changing responses to the past in the museum environment
Authors: MacGregor Arthur
Published: August 2018

Of the many attributes that may deem an object worthy of inclusion in a museum, that of antiquity is one of the most potent - in a sense the most powerful of all, for other considerations such as beauty of form, originality of design, quality of workmanship or historical association may all be glossed over in the presence of extreme age. While antiquities have formed common components of museums throughout the history of collecting, striking changes have taken place in the significance attributed to them, not merely in the light of better understanding but more fundamentally in the way in which perceptions of antiquity itself have been repeatedly revised and reinterpreted within the museum context. These twin considerations of expanding understanding and changing perceptions of the past within the museum programme will form the basis of my paper.
Hjalmar Stolpe – en folkbildares utställningssyn
Authors: Hallgren Claes
Published: August 2018

Hjalmar Stolpe (1841-1905) ethnographer and curator The paper portrays Hjalmar Stolpe (1841-1905), a Swedish archeologist and ethnographer, best known for his excavations of Birka, the famous Viking Age site west of Stockholm. He is less known as an ethnographer although his research on the development of ornamentation has gained some international recognition. His ambition to popularize ethnography in exhibitions is the focus of the paper.
Museumsgenstanden som relikvie
Authors: Mordhorst Camilla
Published: August 2018

Funen Relics Funen Relics is the tide of a coming exposition at Odense Bys Museer. While working on the exposition several discussions have arisen on the issue of the necessity - or lack of it - of the object. In many expositions the object is used to illustrate a text, which can be read on large plates. The objects are therefore in a certain sense superfluous, since the message is perfectly understandable without their use. On the other hand it is impossible to let the object stand alone, because objects don't speak. They must be spoken for.
Kulturpolitik och värdekultur
Authors: Råberg Per
Published: August 2018

Cultural Policy and a Value-oriented CultureThe author comments upon the UN report Our Creative Diversity initiated by the World Committee on Culture and Development (1995) and the study In from the Margins published by the European Council of Culture in 1997. An attempt is made to analyse the various concepts of culture used and to disentangle the seemingly contradictory applications offered as instruments for global development.
Om rutor och linjer
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Praktiskt lagda personer visar ofta otålighet inför teoretikers oemotståndliga dragning till den gudomliga geometrin; drömmen om att verklighetens virrvarr ska framträda genomskinligt och förklarat när det fångas i cirklars och rutors planimetri eller stereometriska projektioner.
C. R. Ehrström och Brahestad – ett stycke finsk museihistoria
Authors: Vilkuna Janne
Published: August 2018

Finlands generalguvernör Peter Brahe (1602-1680) främjade Finland på många sätt. Han grundade Åbo Akademi 1640, ett eget postverk och nio nya städer. En av städerna var hamnstaden Salo i Österbotten 6 mil sydväst om Uleåborg (grundad 1610) som grundades 1649. Staden fick sedan namn Brahestad (Fi. Raahe).