bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Age of Abrasion by Gross Examination at Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shikha Shrivastava  , Jaya Vashisht  , Yashwant Kumar Singh  , Rajneesh Kumar Pandey  , Shashidhar Prasad Garg  , Prateesh Shukla
Published: July 2023

Background: One of the most important aspects of medicolegal injury examination is the determination of the ageof the injury. This study of wound dating from the gross examination of abrasion is being conducted to look intothe accuracy of dating the wounds by the age determined by gross changes with that of the time of infliction ofinjury.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 102 dead bodies brought for medicolegal autopsy, having a well demarcatedabrasion and a known time of infliction of injury were selected. Based on the duration of infliction, abrasions werecategorized into 13 groups. Gross changes that follow blunt trauma were studied and correlated to the time frameof the occurrence of abrasion.Conclusion: A significant relationship between the age and color of abrasion (X272=387.59, P<0.001) was observed.On gross examination, bright red color was seen in abrasions aged <24 hours; reddish scabbed abrasion from10 to 32 hours; brownish scabbed abrasion from 16.5 to 72.17 hours; dark brown scabbed abrasion from 35.5 to157 hours; and black scabbed abrasion was observed only after 72 hours (3 days). Abrasions with scab fallen ata margin were seen from 7th to 14th days, and scabs completely falling off exposing hypopigmented skin wereobserved in abrasions aged >336 hours (>2 weeks).
Factors Influencing Recidivism in Offenders with Felony Charges on Life and Sex Offences
Authors: Siriprabha Kaewsrinual  , Sirirat Choosakoonkraing
Published: July 2023

Thailand is encountering higher recidivism rate, especially in felony cases. As recidivism is becoming a majorchallenge, factors influencing recidivism should be determined in order to develop policies on custody,rehabilitations and pre – release preparation. The purpose of this research is to study factors influencing recidivismin pre – release inmates on felony charges on life or sex offences. Random sampling method was used in the study.The participants consisted of 370 life and sex offenders on felony charges using Oxford Risk of Recidivism Tool(OxRec) as an assessment tool. The data was evaluated using multiple logistic regression analyses. The resultsshowed that factors significantly influencing recidivism are male, 12-24 month length of incarceration, previouscriminal history, employment and drug abuse.
PERILAKU GREEN BEHAVIOUR DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN EKOLITERASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Rida Nurfarida  , Pandue  , Aan Hasanah
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is that early childhood already has Green Behavior characters by learning ecoliteracy through assignment methods, audiovisuals, habituation, and direct practice. Giving daily examples at school and home in the community. The research method used is a qualitative survey analysis method. Researchers distributed survey questionnaires to respondents to obtain data relevant to the research. Survey analysis collects data based on several research instruments distributed to certain parties who are the sources of research. The source of this research is the main source consisting of teachers, while the second source is the reference or relevant literature studies. Data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires are collected and then displayed in data displays to be then processed based on the right theory to obtain the right conclusions., a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral data from people and behaviors that can be observed as the object of research, deepening by observing, reviewing documents and interviews. The research results are 1) Children are taught to love animals that are beneficial and not harmful to humans. 2) Children are taught to throw garbage in its place 3) Children are taught to sort waste according to organic and non-organic types 4) Children are taught about water, consisting of ways to save and the benefits of saving water; Keeping the environment clean, the benefits of protecting the environment and natural resources. 5) Teaching about electricity, consisting of how to save and the benefits of saving electricity; Results Develop As Expected. 6) About plants, which consists of planting and watering, not picking plants carelessly, and the benefits of plants for life. 7) Keeping the environment clean, the benefits of protecting the environment and natural resources. The value of the results of character education is that children develop according to expectations.
IMPLIKASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM PADA SISWA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Kamal
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the issue of character education as a hot topic of discussion in the world of education, including the world of Islamic education in Indonesia. The formation of student character in Islamic educational institutions such as madrasas is a good thing to do. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review. The results of this study indicate that madrasas play a role in producing smart students in science and character and personality. Through the example of Islamic figures and scholars discussed in Islamic Cultural History learning, especially the patience, persistence, and fortitude of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, his companions, scholars, and major figures in Islam so that several characters are built for students such as religious, honest, disciplined, responsible, independent, social care and hard work
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI LUAR JAM PELAJARAN SEBAGAI LABORATORIUM SOSIAL PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH BAITUL HIKMAH KEDIRI
Authors: Widyawati
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation and results of the Islamic religious education (PAI) learning strategy outside of class hours as a social laboratory and also to determine the process of monitoring and assessing religious education learning outside of class hours as a social laboratory at MI BAITUL HIKMAH KEDIRI. This research was conducted through data collection using observation, interview, and document recording techniques systematically. In addition, the research design was applied by making direct observations and recording systematically about the phenomena being investigated. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that learning Islamic religious education that is carried out outside of class hours is a religious activity in the context of actualizing religious education that is carried out in class hours. Learning Islamic religious education that is carried out outside of class hours such as dhuha prayer in congregation, dzuhur prayer in congregation, Friday prayer, tarawih prayer for a full month, training in reading the Koran for students who have difficulty or are unable to read the Koran properly. fluency, zakat fitrah, qurban and Islamic Holidays (PHBI) strongly support formal religious learning programs, so that students are able to apply Islamic religious education properly and correctly. Learning Islamic religious education outside of class hours uses a hidden curriculum approach, which is a curriculum that is implemented outside the structured curriculum in lessons or PBM in the classroom. Also uses active learning, where students carry out religious activities responsibly and actively and creatively. Supporting factors for learning religious education outside of class hours are relatively active students, school and parent support and adequate infrastructure. While the inhibiting factor faced by Islamic religious education teachers in carrying out Islamic religious education learning outside of class hours is that there is still a difference in the understanding of the importance of religious education compared to general lessons so that sometimes in its application in the field of religious lessons it is always secondary
Sentence-final completion norms for 2925 Mexican Spanish sentence contexts
Authors: Angulo-Chavira Armando Quetzalcóatl , Castellón-Flores Alejandra Mitzi , Ciria Alejandra , Arias-Trejo Natalia
Published: July 2023

Sentence-final completion tasks serve as valuable tools in studying language processing and the associated predictive mechanisms. There are several established sentence-completion norms for languages like English, Portuguese, French, and Spanish, each tailored to the language it was designed for and evaluated in. Yet, cultural variations among native speakers of the same language complicate the claim of a universal application of these norms. In this study, we developed a corpus of 2925 sentence-completion norms specifically for Mexican Spanish. This corpus is distinctive for several reasons: Firstly, it is the most comprehensive set of sentence-completion norms for Mexican Spanish to date. Secondly, it offers a substantial range of experimental stimuli with considerable variability in terms of the predictability of word sentence completion (cloze probability/surprisal) and the level of uncertainty inherent in the sentence context (entropy). Thirdly, the syntactic complexity of the sentences in the corpus is varied, as are the characteristics of the final word nouns (including aspects of concreteness/abstractness, length, and frequency). This paper details the generation of the sentence contexts, explains the methodology employed for data collection from a total of 1470 participants, and outlines the approach to data analysis for the establishment of sentence-completion norms. These norms provide a significant contribution to fields such as linguistics, cognitive science, and machine learning, among others, by enhancing our understanding of language, predictive mechanisms, knowledge representation, and context representation. The collected data is accessible through the Open Science Framework (OSF) at the following link: https://osf.io/js359/?view_only=bb1b328d37d643df903ed69bb2405ac0.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STEAM (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, ART, AND MATHEMATICS) TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rosiani Meilina
Published: July 2023

Prestasi belajar merupakan tingkat keberhasilan siswa yang dicapai setelah melalui proses kegiatan belajar mengajar yang dinyatakan dalam bentuk skor dan diperoleh dari hasil tes. Sehingga penerapan model pembelajaran sangat berpengaruh terhadap pretasi belajar siswa. Penerapan model pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar yang masih menggunakan model pembelajaran biasa, mengakibatkan prestasi belajar siswa menjadi belum meningkat, dalam hal ini diperluakn model pembelajaran yang mampu mempengaruhi peningkatan pretasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics)  terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah bentuk desain experiment yang digunakan peneliti yaitu pre-experimental tipe one-group pretest-posttest design.Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VB yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data prestasi belajar siswa menggunakan pretest dan posttest dengan bentuk soal essay. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired sample t-Test . Hasil menunjukan nilai rata-rata posttest lebih besar dari nilai rata-rata pretest, hal ini berarti ada peningkatan hasil belajar IPA sesudah diterapkan model pembelajaran STEAM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05, dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar IPA sebelum dan sesudah diterapkan model pembelajaran STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics).

Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran STEAM, Prestasi Belajar
E-GOVERNANCE: MOVING TOWARDS DIGITAL GOVERNANCE
Authors: Singh Dr Aman
Published: July 2023

Information communication and technology (ICT) has revolutionized the daily lives of citizens across the globe. The invention of technology like artificial intelligence, web 1.o to 5.0, chat bots, cloud technology, Internet of things, have changed the governance in public and private sector. Governments across the globe are adopting the e-governance approach to run the daily affairs of the country. The use of information communication technology has facilitated efficient delivery of public services. Digitization of public services has helped in establishing the trust towards the government. Improving the public administration and governance has become the topmost priority for the for socio economic development of the country. Internet has changed the traditional way of business working. The communication between the government, citizens and business has transformed with the use of ICT tools. E-governance is a step towards making the administration citizen centric. E-governance in financial sector helps in bringing economic prosperity by curbing the practice of giving bribe and remove corruption. This paper explores the concept, meaning, challenges of e governance. The article points out the importance of e governance and suggests various steps to make e governance successful. Qualitative research method is followed in writing this article.
The Orbital Eccentricities of Directly Imaged Companions Using Observable-based Priors: Implications for Population-level Distributions
Authors: Do Ó Clarissa R. , O’Neil Kelly K. , Konopacky Quinn M. , Do Tuan , Martinez Gregory D. , Ruffio Jean-Baptiste , Ghez Andrea M.
Published: July 2023

The eccentricity of a substellar companion is an important tracer of its formation history. Directly imaged companions often present poorly constrained eccentricities. A recently developed prior framework for orbit fitting called “observable-based priors” has the advantage of improving biases in derived orbit parameters for objects with minimal phase coverage, which is the case for the majority of directly imaged companions. We use observable-based priors to fit the orbits of 21 exoplanets and brown dwarfs in an effort to obtain the eccentricity distributions with minimized biases. We present the objects’ individual posteriors compared to their previously derived distributions, showing in many cases a shift toward lower eccentricities. We analyze the companions’ eccentricity distribution at a population level, and compare this to the distributions obtained with the traditional uniform priors. We fit a Beta distribution to our posteriors using observable-based priors, obtaining shape parameters α =

1.09

−
0.22

+
0.30

and β =

1.42

−
0.25

+
0.33

. This represents an approximately flat distribution of eccentricities. The derived α and β parameters are consistent with the values obtained using uniform priors, though uniform priors lead to a tail at high eccentricities. We find that separating the population into high- and low-mass companions yields different distributions depending on the classification of intermediate-mass objects. We also determine via simulation that the minimal orbit coverage needed to give meaningful posteriors under the assumptions made for directly imaged planets is ≈15% of the inferred period of the orbit.
Splitting of Long-period Comet C/2018 F4 (PANSTARRS)
Authors: Hui 許 Man-To 文韜 , Kelley Michael S. P. , Hung Denise , Lister Tim , Chatelain Joseph , Gomez Edward , Greenstreet Sarah
Published: July 2023

Long-period comet C/2018 F4 (PANSTARRS) was observed to show duplicity of its inner region in 2020 September, suggestive of a splitting event. We here present analyses of our observations of the comet taken from the LCO Outbursting Objects Key project and the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope after the discovery of the splitting. The two fragments Components A and B, estimated to be ∼60 m to 4 km in radius, remained highly similar to each other in terms of brightness, color, and dust morphology throughout our observing campaign from 2020 September to 2021 December. Our fragmentation model yielded that the two components split at a relative speed of 3.00 ± 0.18 m s−1 in 2020 late April, implying a specific energy change of

5.3
±
2.8

×

10

3

J kg−1, and that Component B was subjected to a stronger nongravitational acceleration than Component A in both the radial and normal directions of the orbit. The obtained splitting time is broadly consistent with the result from the dust morphology analysis, which further suggested that the dominant dust grains were millimeter-sized and ejected at a speed of ∼2 m s−1. We postulate that the pre-split nucleus of the comet consisted of two lobes resembling that of 67P, or that the comet used to be a binary system like main-belt comet 288P. Regardless, we highlight the possibility of using observations of split comets as a feasible manner to study the bilobate shape or binarity fraction of cometary nuclei.
EXPRES. IV. Two Additional Planets Orbiting ρ Coronae Borealis Reveal Uncommon System Architecture
Authors: Brewer John M. , Zhao Lily L. , Fischer Debra A. , Roettenbacher Rachael M. , Henry Gregory W. , Llama Joe , Szymkowiak Andrew E. , Cabot Samuel H. C. , Weiss Sam A. , McCarthy Chris
Published: July 2023

Thousands of exoplanet detections have been made over the last 25 years using Doppler observations, transit photometry, direct imaging, and astrometry. Each of these methods is sensitive to different ranges of orbital separations and planetary radii (or masses). This makes it difficult to fully characterize exoplanet architectures and to place our solar system in context with the wealth of discoveries that have been made. Here, we use the EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph to reveal planets in previously undetectable regions of the mass–period parameter space for the star ρ Coronae Borealis. We add two new planets to the previously known system with one hot Jupiter in a 39 day orbit and a warm super-Neptune in a 102 day orbit. The new detections include a temperate Neptune planet (

M
sin
i
∼
20

M
⊕) in a 281.4 day orbit and a hot super-Earth (

M
sin
i
=
3.7

M
⊕) in a 12.95 day orbit. This result shows that details of planetary system architectures have been hiding just below our previous detection limits; this signals an exciting era for the next generation of extreme precision spectrographs.
Testing the Linear Relationship between Black Hole Mass and Variability Timescale in Low-luminosity AGNs at Submillimeter Wavelengths
Authors: Chen Bo-Yan , Bower Geoffrey C. , Dexter Jason , Markoff Sera , Ridenour Anthony , Gurwell Mark A. , Rao Ramprasad , Wallström Sofia H. J.
Published: July 2023

The variability of submillimeter emission provides a useful tool to probe the accretion physics in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. We accumulate four years of observations using the Submillimeter Array for Centaurus A, NGC 4374, NGC 4278, and NGC 5077, and one year of observations for NGC 4552 and NGC 4579. All sources are variable. We measure the characteristic timescale at which the variability is saturated by modeling these sources’ light curves as a damped random walk. We detect a timescale for all the sources except NGC 4552. The detected timescales are comparable to the orbital timescale at the event horizon scale for most sources. Combined with previous studies, we show a correlation between the timescale and the black hole mass over 3 orders of magnitude. This discovery suggests the submillimeter emission is optically thin with the emission originating from the event horizon. The mass scaling relationship further suggests that a group of radio sources with a broadband spectrum that peaks at submillimeter wavelengths have similar inner accretion physics. Sources that follow this relationship may be good targets for high-resolution imaging with the Event Horizon Telescope.
High-energy Neutrino Production from AGN Disk Transients Impacted by the Circum-disk Medium
Authors: Zhou Zi-Hang , Zhu Jin-Ping , Wang Kai
Published: July 2023

Various supernovae, compact object coalescences, and tidal disruption events are widely believed to occur embedded in active galactic nucleus (AGN) accretion disks and generate detectable electromagnetic signals. We collectively refer to them as AGN disk transients. The inelastic hadronuclear (pp) interactions between shock-accelerated cosmic rays and AGN disk materials shortly after the ejecta shock breaks out of the disk can produce high-energy neutrinos. However, the expected efficiency of neutrino production would decay rapidly by adopting a pure Gaussian density atmosphere profile applicable for stable gas-dominated disks. On the other hand, AGN outflows and disk winds are commonly found around AGN accretion disks. In this paper, we show that the circum-disk medium would further consume the shock kinetic energy to more efficiently produce high-energy neutrinos, especially for ∼ TeV−PeV neutrinos that IceCube detects. Thanks to the existence of the circum-disk medium, we find that the neutrino production will be enhanced significantly and make a much higher contribution to the diffuse neutrino background. Optimistically, ∼20% of the diffuse neutrino background can be contributed by AGN disk transients.
Does Nature Allow the Formation of Ultra-compact Black Hole X-Ray Binaries via the Accretion-induced Collapse of Neutron Stars?
Authors: Chen Hai-Liang , Tauris Thomas M. , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen
Published: July 2023

The formation path to ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) with black hole (BH) accretors is still unclear. In the classical formation scenario, it is difficult to eject the massive envelope of the progenitor star of the BH via the common envelope process. Given that some neutron stars (NSs) in binary systems evidently have birth masses close to ∼2.0 M
⊙, we explore here the possibility that BH-UCXBs may form via the accretion-induced collapse (AIC) of accreting NSs, assuming that these previously evolved in low-mass X-ray binaries to masses all the way up to the maximum limit of an NS. We demonstrate this formation path by modeling a few cases of NS-UCXBs with initial NS masses close to the maximum mass of an NS that evolve into BH-UCXBs after the NS accretes material from its He white dwarf (WD) companion. We follow the evolution of the post-AIC BH-UCXB and, based on simple arguments, we anticipate that there is about one BH-UCXB with an AIC origin and a He WD donor within the current sample of known UCXBs and that two to five such BH-UCXBs may be detected in gravitational waves by LISA. In addition, we find that the X-ray luminosity of NS-UCXBs near their orbital period minimum exceeds ∼1039 erg s−1, and thus, such systems may appear as ultraluminous X-ray sources.
Stellar Characterization and Radius Inflation of Hyades M-dwarf Stars from the APOGEE Survey
Authors: Wanderley Fábio , Cunha Katia , Souto Diogo , Smith Verne V. , Cao Lyra , Pinsonneault Marc , Allende Prieto C. , Covey Kevin , Masseron Thomas , Pascucci Ilaria , Stassun Keivan G. , Terrien Ryan , Bergsten Galen J. , Bizyaev Dmitry , Fernández-Trincado José G. , Jönsson Henrik , Hasselquist Sten , Holtzman Jon A. , Lane Richard R. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Majewski Steven R. , Minniti Dante , Pan Kaike , Serna Javier , Sobeck Jennifer , Stringfellow Guy S.
Published: July 2023

We present a spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 48 M-dwarf stars (0.2 M
⊙ < M < 0.6 M
⊙) from the Hyades open cluster using high-resolution H-band spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey/Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey. Our methodology adopts spectrum synthesis with LTE MARCS model atmospheres, along with the APOGEE Data Release 17 line list, to determine effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, and projected rotational velocities. The median metallicity obtained for the Hyades M dwarfs is [M/H] = 0.09 ± 0.03 dex, indicating a small internal uncertainty and good agreement with optical results for Hyades red giants. Overall, the median radii are larger than predicted by stellar models by 1.6% ± 2.3% and 2.4% ± 2.3%, relative to a MIST and DARTMOUTH isochrone, respectively. We emphasize, however, that these isochrones are different, and the fractional radius inflation for the fully and partially convective regimes have distinct behaviors depending on the isochrone. Using a MIST isochrone there is no evidence of radius inflation for the fully convective stars, while for the partially convective M dwarfs the radii are inflated by 2.7% ± 2.1%, which is in agreement with predictions from models that include magnetic fields. For the partially convective stars, rapid rotators present on average higher inflation levels than slow rotators. The comparison with SPOTS isochrone models indicates that the derived M-dwarf radii can be explained by accounting for stellar spots in the photosphere of the stars, with 76% of the studied M dwarfs having up to 20% spot coverage, and the most inflated stars with ∼20%–40% spot coverage.
From Dust to Nanodust: Resolving Circumstellar Dust from the Colliding-wind Binary Wolf-Rayet 140
Authors: Lau Ryan M. , Wang Jason , Hankins Matthew J. , Currie Thayne , Deo Vincent , Endo Izumi , Guyon Olivier , Han Yinuo , Jones Anthony P. , Jovanovic Nemanja , Lozi Julien , Moffat Anthony F. J. , Onaka Takashi , Ruane Garreth , Sander Andreas A. C. , Tinyanont Samaporn , Tuthill Peter G. , Weigelt Gerd , Williams Peredur M. , Vievard Sebastien
Published: July 2023

Wolf-Rayet (WR) 140 is the archetypal periodic dust-forming colliding-wind binary that hosts a carbon-rich WR (WC) star and an O-star companion with an orbital period of 7.93 yr and an orbital eccentricity of 0.9. Throughout the past few decades, multiple dust-formation episodes from WR 140 have been observed that are linked to the binary orbit and occur near the time of periastron passage. Given its predictable dust-formation episodes, WR 140 presents an ideal astrophysical laboratory to investigate the formation and evolution of dust in the hostile environment around a massive binary system. In this paper, we present near- and mid-infrared (IR) spectroscopic and imaging observations of WR 140 with Subaru/SCExAO+CHARIS, Keck/NIRC2+PyWFS, and Subaru/Cooled Mid-Infrared Camera and Spectrograph taken between 2020 June and September that resolve the circumstellar dust emission linked to its most recent dust-formation episode in 2016 December. Our spectral energy distribution analysis of WR 140's resolved circumstellar dust emission reveals the presence of a hot (T

d
∼ 1000 K) near-IR dust component that is co-spatial with the previously known and cooler (T

d
∼ 500 K) mid-IR dust component composed of 300–500 Å sized dust grains. We attribute the hot near-IR dust emission to the presence of nano-sized (nanodust) grains and suggest they were formed from grain–grain collisions or the rotational disruption of the larger grain size population by radiative torques in the strong radiation field from the central binary. Lastly, we speculate on the astrophysical implications of nanodust formation around colliding-wind WC binaries, which may present an early source of carbonaceous nanodust in the interstellar medium.
Critically Evaluated Atomic Data for the Au iv Spectrum
Authors: Zainab Aashna , Haris K. , Gamrath Sébastien , Quinet Pascal , Tauheed A.
Published: July 2023

A spectral investigation of triply ionized gold (Au iv) has been carried out in the wavelength region of 500–2106 Å. The gold spectra were photographed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, on a 10.7 m normal incidence vacuum spectrograph (NIVS) using a sliding spark source as well as on a 3 m NIVS at the Antigonish laboratory in Canada with a triggered spark source. Our analysis is theoretically supported by the pseudorelativistic Hartree–Fock (HFR) formalism with a superposition of configuration interactions implemented in Cowan's suite of codes. Radiative transition parameters are also calculated using the HFR+CPOL (core polarization effects) model and the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock approach, and their comparisons are used to evaluate the transition rate data. All the previously reported levels of the 5d
8, 5d
76s, and 5d
76p configurations are confirmed, except one, and three are newly established. The missing 1
S
0 level of 5d
8 is now established at 55,277.8 cm−1. A total of 981 observed lines (E1 type), classified to 1031 transitions, including 133 newly identified, enabled us to optimize 139 energy levels. Several astrophysically important transitions, forbidden (M1- and E2-type) lines of 5d
8 and 5d
76s, are provided with their Ritz wavelengths and radiative parameters. A critically evaluated set of energy levels, observed and Ritz wavelengths along with their uncertainties, transition rates, and uniformly scaled intensities of Au iv lines have been presented. Also, large-scale atomic data to compute the opacity of Au iv in the kilonova ejecta have been supplemented in this work.
Robust Data-driven Metallicities for 175 Million Stars from Gaia XP Spectra
Authors: Andrae René , Rix Hans-Walter , Chandra Vedant
Published: July 2023

We derive and publish data-driven estimates of stellar metallicity [M/H] for ∼175 million stars with low-resolution XP spectra published in Gaia DR3. The [M/H] values, along with T
eff and

log
g

, are derived using the XGBoost algorithm, trained on stellar parameters from APOGEE, augmented by a set of very-metal-poor stars. XGBoost draws on a number of data features: the full set of XP spectral coefficients, narrowband fluxes derived from XP spectra, and broadband magnitudes. In particular, we include CatWISE magnitudes, as they reduce the degeneracy of T
eff and dust reddening. We also include the parallax as a data feature, which helps constrain

log
g

and [M/H]. The resulting mean stellar parameter precision is 0.1 dex in [M/H], 50 K in T
eff, and 0.08 dex in

log
g

. This all-sky [M/H] sample is substantially larger than published samples of comparable fidelity across −3 ≲ [M/H] ≲ +0.5. Additionally, we provide a catalog of over 17 million bright (G < 16) red giants whose [M/H] values are vetted to be precise and pure. We present all-sky maps of the Milky Way in different [M/H] regimes that illustrate the purity of the data set, and demonstrate the power of this unprecedented sample to reveal the Milky Way’s structure from its heart to its disk.
Failures of Minimum Variance Analysis in Diagnosing Planar Structures in Space
Authors: Liu Y. Y. , Cao J. B. , Fu H. S. , Wang Z. , Guo Z. Z. , He R. J.
Published: July 2023

Minimum variance analysis of the magnetic field (MVAB), among various techniques of planar structure analysis, is most widely used for its numerical simplicity and loose requirements for data. Through a large number of studies based on MVAB, a global picture of the solar wind intermittency has been established. However, the huge discrepancy between the results from MVAB and other techniques like timing/triangulation implies that the uncertainty of MVAB is a crucial issue that is not fully understood. Utilizing Cluster data, we establish a data set comprised of 6752 discontinuities, whose orientations are precisely determined by timing, as a benchmark for testing MVAB. We find that the scatter of the MVAB normals around the timing normal can be reduced by elevating the threshold for the eigenvalue ratio λ
2/λ
3 and narrowing the data window to which MVAB is applied. The misidentification of discontinuities with

B

N

/

∣
B
∣

< 0.4, Δ∣
B
∣/∣
B
∣ < 0.2 as rotational discontinuities (RDs, identified by

B

N

/

∣
B
∣

> 0.4, Δ∣
B
∣/∣
B
∣ < 0.2) is proved to be a major and inherent defect of MVAB, which can occur even when λ
2/λ
3 is large. Such a misidentification process is revealed to be related to a special discontinuity geometry. It also explains the false RD predominance reported by previous studies based on MVAB. Finally, we provide advice for the application of MVAB and discuss the possibility of obtaining the real statistical properties of interplanetary discontinuities by using MVAB.
Karyotype of Sabanejewia bulgarica (Drensky, 1928) (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the Danube Delta, Romania
Authors: Hnátková Eva , Majtánová Zuzana , Bohlen Šlechtová Vendula , Bohlen Joerg , Ráb Petr
Published: July 2023

The karyotype of the freshwater fish Sabanejewia bulgarica (Drensky, 1928), from the Danube Delta, was studied by conventional Giemsa staining and the C-banding technique. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50. The karyotype contained 2 pairs of metacentric (the first one was much larger than the second one), 6 pairs of submetacentric and 17 pairs of subtelocentric to acrocentric chromosomes. Pericentromeric blocks of heterochromatin were revealed in most of the chromosome pairs. The karyotype phenotype of S. bulgarica was the same as found for S. balcanica from Northern Carpathian Mountains.
Uncertainty sources affecting operational efficiency of ML algorithms in UAV-based precision agriculture: A 2013–2020 systematic review
Authors: Derraz Radhwane , Muharam Farrah Melissa , Ahmad Jaafar Noraini
Published: July 2023

Conventional methods of data sampling in agriculture are time consuming, labor intensive, destructive, subject to human error and affected by field conditions. Thus, remote sensing technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) became widely used as an alternative for data collection. Nevertheless, the big data captured by the UAVs is challenging to interpret. Therefore, machine learning algorithms (MLs) are used to interpret this data. However, the operational efficiency of those MLs is yet to be improved due to different sources affecting their modeling certainty. Therefore, this study aims to review different sources affecting the accuracy of MLs regression and classification interventions in precision agriculture. In this regard, 109 articles were identified in the Scopus database. The search was restricted to articles written in English, published during 2013–2020, and used UAVs as in-field data collection tools and ML algorithms for data analysis and interpretation. This systematic review will be the point of review for researchers to recognize the possible sources affecting the certainty of regression and classification results associated with MLs use. The recognition of those sources points out areas for improvement of MLs performance in precision agriculture. In this review, the performance of MLs is still evaluated in general, which opens the road for further detailed research.
Numerical investigation of non-probabilistic systems using Inner Outer Direct Search optimization technique
Authors: Panigrahi Paresh Kumar , Nayak Sukanta
Published: July 2023

Fuzzy systems of equations often appear while modeling physical systems with imprecisely defined parameters. Many mathematical methods are available to investigate them, but handling them is challenging due to the computational complexity and difficult implementation. As such, in this paper, the Inner-Outer Direct Search (IODS) optimization technique is extended in the fuzzy environment to solve a fuzzy system of nonlinear equations. The main purpose of the extension is to study the system variables in the presence of fuzzy information. To manage fuzziness, a fuzzy parametric form is employed in the uncertain system and controls the search process toward the optimal solution. The proposed approach of fuzzy IODS converts the fuzzy system of nonlinear equations to an unconstrained fuzzy optimization problem. Then, the unconstrained fuzzy optimization problem is studied through the IODS technique. To solve the unconstrained fuzzy optimization problem, the fuzzy objective function is minimized with the help of exploratory and pattern search approaches. These searches are performed with inner and outer computations. Then, the obtained united solution provides the desired solution which minimizes the objective function. From the same the uncertain system, variables are derived. To verify the solution and proposed algorithm, convergence analysis is performed. Three case studies are considered with only fuzzy and fully fuzzy systems, and various cases are discussed. A comparison with other methods is made to test the efficacy of the method. The proposed algorithm is coded with the help of MATLAB software, and the results are analyzed graphically. Finally, the simple procedure and computationally efficient approach may help to implement the same in many engineering and science problems that can be modeled into systems of equations.
On the $ k $-th power mean of one kind generalized cubic Gauss sums
Authors: Liu Xiaoge , Meng Yuanyuan
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of this paper is using the elementary methods and properties of the recurrence sequence to study the calculating problem of the $ k $-th power mean of one kind generalized cubic Gauss sums, and give an exact calculating formula for it.
Artificial intelligence techniques for ground fault line selection in power systems: State-of-the-art and research challenges
Authors: Wang Fuhua , Zhang Zongdong , Wu Kai , Jian Dongxiang , Chen Qiang , Zhang Chao , Dong Yanling , He Xiaotong , Dong Lin
Published: July 2023

In modern power systems, efficient ground fault line selection is crucial for maintaining stability and reliability within distribution networks, especially given the increasing demand for energy and integration of renewable energy sources. This systematic review aims to examine various artificial intelligence (AI) techniques employed in ground fault line selection, encompassing artificial neural networks, support vector machines, decision trees, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, and other emerging methods. This review separately discusses the application, strengths, limitations, and successful case studies of each technique, providing valuable insights for researchers and professionals in the field. Furthermore, this review investigates challenges faced by current AI approaches, such as data collection, algorithm performance, and real-time requirements. Lastly, the review highlights future trends and potential avenues for further research in the field, focusing on the promising potential of deep learning, big data analytics, and edge computing to further improve ground fault line selection in distribution networks, ultimately enhancing their overall efficiency, resilience, and adaptability to evolving demands.
Dynamics of an SEIR model with media coverage mediated nonlinear infectious force
Authors: Xie Jingli , Guo Hongli , Zhang Meiyang
Published: July 2023

Media coverage can greatly impact the spread of infectious diseases. Taking into consideration the impacts of media coverage, we propose an SEIR model with a media coverage mediated nonlinear infection force. For this novel disease model, we identify the basic reproduction number using the next generation matrix method and establish the global threshold results: If the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_{0} < 1 $, then the disease-free equilibrium $ P_{0} $ is stable, and the disease dies out. If $ \mathcal{R}_{0} > 1 $, then the endemic equilibrium $ P^{*} $ is stable, and the disease persists. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_{0} $ is most sensitive to the population recruitment rate $ \Lambda $ and the disease transmission rate $ \beta _{1} $.
Friedrich Hayek on Taxation and Income Redistribution
Authors: Bejaković Predrag , Lulić Lukša , Luburić Goran
Published: July 2023

Friedrich Hayek was a staunch advocate of the free market principle. He was convinced that progressive taxation was a great threat to individual liberty and social fairness, particularly because there is no limit how high a progressive rate can be in it. The only explanation by which a progressive taxation can be defended is a wish to alter the income distribution, but this approach cannot be explained by any scientific argument. Progressive taxation is unjust and short-sighted while, according to Hayek, a proportional tax system satisfies a standard of fairness and justice because it applies the same general rule to all and prevents discrimination against the well-off taxpayers. Key words: redistribution, fiscal system, tax policy, Friedrich Hayek.
Interakcija financijskog razvitka, nejednakosti i rizika od siromaštva u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Samodol Ante
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the financial development of the Republic of Croatia as measured by the dimensions of financialization, financial deepening and financial inclusion through interaction with two dimensions of social exclusion, such as income inequality and at-risk-of-poverty rates. The aim of the paper is to determine how financialization, financial deepening and inclusion affect income inequality and the risk of poverty. In terms of financialization, research has shown that the development of the overall financial sector relative to GDP reduces income inequality and at-risk-of-poverty rates, while the growth of banking sector assets relative to GDP increases income inequality and at-riskof-poverty. With financial deepening, the share of corporate loans in GDP has been shown to increase income inequality and the at-risk-of-poverty rate, while loans to households are not significant for inequality, but therefore reduce the at-risk-of-poverty rate. The share of household loans in GDP is not significant for income inequality, but it reduces the at-risk-of-poverty rate. The financial inclusion of households has shown that the three groups of loans (transaction account overdrafts, cash and other loans) depend on the level of inequality and that the opposite causality operates. While cash loans reduce the atrisk-of-poverty rate, the at-risk-of-poverty rate as an inverse causality affects transaction account overdrafts. Key words: financialization, financial deepening, financial inclusion, income inequality, at-risk-of-poverty rate, Croatia.
Investigación sobre el comportamiento meiótico en varias especies de Echinops L. (Asteraceae) de Irán
Authors: Alijanpoor Behnaz , Safaeishakib Masoumeh , Javadii Hamideh
Published: July 2023

Echinops L., es un género de Asteraceae y contiene ca. 76 especies en Irán. La investigación actual se basa en seis especies y nueve poblaciones, incluidas E. cephalotus, E. chorassanicus, E. elebursessis, E. leiopolycerus, E. ritroides y E. robustus. La frecuencia y distribución de quiasmas, la asociación cromosómica y la segregación han sido analizadas para caracteres meióticos. En las especies estudiadas se han observado irregularidades meióticas, cromosomas no reducidos y otras anomalías relacionadas. Se observan también adherencia cromosómica, cromosomas rezagados, así como frecuentes formaciones de células tripolares y multipolares debido a fallos en la anafase I y II.
Distribución, hábitat potencial, población reproductora y estado de conservación del lagópodo alpino (Lagopus muta) en el Pirineo Central (Aragón-España)
Authors: Gil Juan A. , Pérez Carlos
Published: July 2023

Se revisa, actualiza y obtiene información sobre el lagópodo alpino (Lagopus muta) en el Pirineo Central (Aragón-España). Se obtienen 303 observaciones (enero-diciembre 2000-2020), situándose la mayor parte de las observaciones entre 2.500 y 2.700 m.s.n.m. La especie está presente en 38 cuadrículas UTM de 10 x 10 km. Su hábitat potencial es de 832 km2 y su área de ocupación de 607,4 km2. El 82% del área de ocupación se localiza en Red Natura 2000. La superficie de ocupación en época reproductora (abril-octubre) es de 253,5 km2. Se estima una población de 1142 ±105 parejas. Especie catalogada como “Vulnerable” en Aragón, se desconoce su tendencia poblacional. Debido a los impactos causados por el cambio climático, los modelos predictivos establecen escenarios de contracciones en su distribución y disminución de sus efectivos poblacionales. Con la información obtenida se pueden establecer y mejorar las medidas de protección de la especie y su hábitat en los Planes de Conservación y Gestión de Aragón.
L’autre scène de Diderot
Authors: Armand Guilhem
Published: July 2023

Trois œuvres mettent en scène Diderot ou un de ses doubles (en écho aux dialogues du philosophe) dans une perspective renouvelée, permise par le théâtre. Dans Mystification texte inachevé, à la frontière de la comédie et du dialogue, le personnage de Diderot met ironiquement en scène les limites de la philosophie pour en démontrer le pouvoir. Mais dans Est-il bon ? Est-il méchant ?, à travers Hardouin, qui n’est pas philosophe mais littérateur et bonhomme rendant service à tout le monde, il montre les limites de la philosophie morale affrontée au pragmatisme, en même temps qu’il représente tout ce qui empêche le vrai Diderot de mener à bien ses projets (littéraires et philosophiques). Enfin, dans Terentia (idée de Tronchin, développée par Diderot mais inachevée), il donne à voir Cicéron aux prises avec son impuissance à agir, conformément à l’idée que l’on en avait au xviiie siècle : le modèle du penseur grand rhétoricien, mais faible politique.
La mise en scène de l’Autre dans les tragédies de Voltaire
Authors: Ligier-Degauque Isabelle
Published: July 2023

À partir de quatre tragédies créées entre 1732 et 1755, nous souhaitons voir comment Voltaire s’interroge sur le modèle de civilisation porté par le mouvement des Lumières, en passant par le détour géographique. L’écrivain a besoin de la différence de l’Autre pour mettre en jeu une réflexion concentrée sur des objets essentiels de la philosophie politique : le phénomène de l’idéologie et des projections fantasmatiques sur l’Autre (Zaïre), les fondements nécessaires à la concorde sociale, après les temps de guerre civile (Mahomet) ou les entreprises de conquête (Alzire, L’Orphelin de la Chine). La possibilité du désaccord parfait existerait-elle ? La répétition du schéma dramatique de la confrontation entre puissances politiques fait ressortir, chez Voltaire, une pensée tendue vers un modèle de coexistence qui saurait faire sienne l’altérité sans y voir une nuisance.
Des églises monastiques de pèlerinage ?
Authors: Bonnéric Julie
Published: July 2023

Certaines églises, occupées principalement à la période umayyade et situées au sud de l’Irak et dans le golfe Arabo-Persique, présentent des similitudes déjà mises en évidence : elles sont caractérisées par un sanctuaire rectangulaire à chevet plat encadré par deux annexes, des vaisseaux séparés par des murs-piliers et des entrées latérales. Leur plan original et leur environnement monastique fournissent des informations sur leur fonction et leur organisation spatiale. En Irak, les églises de ʿAyn Šāyʿa et du tell V d’al‑Ḥīra n’ont été que partiellement fouillées et fournissent peu d’indices de leur usage. Les églises du Golfe, explorées de manière plus extensive, permettent quant à elle d’éclairer les pratiques du Bas‑Irak. Des comparaisons avec d’autres corpus d’églises mieux connus, comme celui de la Syrie du Nord, et avec les églises plus récentes rattachées au rite chaldéen, sont parfois fructueuses. Les textes peuvent aussi offrir des indications précieuses. L’ensemble de ces données permet de formuler des hypothèses sur la fonction des espaces et la liturgie, et semble indiquer que ces églises accueillaient très probablement une liturgie monastique et des pèlerins.
دراسة ميدانية لدير الزعفران في كردستان ­ العراق
Authors: يوسفي محمد أحمد
Published: July 2023

هذا البحث هو دراسة ميدانية لدير أثري اسمه دير الزعفران، كان مكان إقامة للرهبان المسحيين في حقبة من الزمن. أسس الدير الراهب أفنيماران الكبير أو ابني مارن الذي ولد نهاية القرن السادس الميلادي. عاش أفنيماران في دير عابي ثم غادره و اختار سفح جبل بيخير الغربي، وهناك بنى هذا الدير. يقع دير الزعفران بالقرب من مضيق مدينة زاخو ويطل على سهل واسع فسيح اسمه السهل السليفاني، في محافظة دهوك من إقليم كوردستان العراق. وقد قدمنا في هذا البحث معلومات قيمة وجديدة تنشر لأول مرة، وعززناها بالمخططات والصور عن موقع الدير وما يحتويه من آثار باقية إلى اليوم.