bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of the Guide Star Catalog for Double Fine Guidance Sensors Based on SSBK Clustering
Authors: Yang Yuanyu , Yin Dayi , Zhang Quan , Li Zhiming
Published: July 2022

In the Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), the Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) is required to provide high-precision attitude information of the space telescope. The fine star guide catalog is an essential part of the FGS. It is not only the basis for star identification and attitude determination but also the key to determining the absolute attitude of the space telescope. However, the capacity and uniformity of the fine guide star catalog will affect the performance of the FGS. To build a guide star catalog with uniform distribution of guide stars and catalog capacity that is as small as possible, and to effectively improve the speed of star identification and the accuracy of attitude determination, the spherical spiral binary K-means clustering algorithm (SSBK) is proposed. Based on the selection criteria, firstly, the spherical spiral reference point method is used for global uniform division, and then, the K-means clustering algorithm in machine learning is introduced to divide the stars into several disjoint subsets through the use of angular distance and dichotomy so that the guide stars are uniformly distributed. We assume that the field of view (FOV) is 0.2° × 0.2°, the magnitude range is 9∼15 mag, and the threshold for the number of stars (NOS) in the FOV is 9. The simulation shows that compared with the magnitude filtering method (MFM) and the spherical spiral reference point brightness optimization algorithm (SSRP), the guide star catalog based on the SSBK algorithm has the lowest standard deviation of the NOS in the FOV, and the probability of 5∼15 stars is the highest (over 99.4%), which can ensure a higher identification probability and attitude determination accuracy.
Tapered, Twisted Bundled-Tube Locomotive Devices for Stepped Pipe Inspection
Authors: Shiomi Daisuke , Takayama Toshio
Published: July 2022

The twisted bundled-tube locomotive device is an elongated soft robot that moves inside a pipe in a helical bending motion. This motion mimics the behavior of microorganisms called spirochetes. This device is inexpensive and easy to miniaturize because of its simple structure, which consists of three inflatable tubes twisted together. It can move in pipes of various diameters without a change in design. Therefore, it has a high capacity for water pipe inspection. However, it has not yet been shown to pass through step parts wherein the diameter of the pipes decreases. In this study, we developed a device that was deformed into a tapered shape by changing the pitch of the spirals at each location. The prototype device was able to move from a pipe with an inside diameter of 52.9 mm to a pipe with an inside diameter of 21.6 mm for horizontally fixed pipes, and from a pipe with an inside diameter of 41.6 mm to a pipe with an inside diameter of 21.6 mm for vertically fixed pipes.
Thermal–Visible Face Recognition Based on CNN Features and Triple Triplet Configuration for On-the-Move Identity Verification
Authors: Kowalski Marcin , Grudzień Artur , Mierzejewski Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Face recognition operating in visible domains exists in many aspects of our lives, while the remaining parts of the spectrum including near and thermal infrared are not sufficiently explored. Thermal–visible face recognition is a promising biometric modality that combines affordable technology and high imaging qualities in the visible domain with low-light capabilities of thermal infrared. In this work, we present the results of our study in the field of thermal–visible face verification using four different algorithm architectures tested using several publicly available databases. The study covers Siamese, Triplet, and Verification Through Identification methods in various configurations. As a result, we propose a triple triplet face verification method that combines three CNNs being used in each of the triplet branches. The triple triplet method outperforms other reference methods and achieves TAR @FAR 1% values up to 90.61%.
A Method for Autonomous Multi-Motion Modes Recognition and Navigation Optimization for Indoor Pedestrian
Authors: Wang Zhengchun , Xiong Zhi , Xing Li , Ding Yiming , Sun Yinshou
Published: July 2022

The indoor navigation method shows great application prospects that is based on a wearable foot-mounted inertial measurement unit and a zero-velocity update principle. Traditional navigation methods mainly support two-dimensional stable motion modes such as walking; special tasks such as rescue and disaster relief, medical search and rescue, in addition to normal walking, are usually accompanied by running, going upstairs, going downstairs and other motion modes, which will greatly affect the dynamic performance of the traditional zero-velocity update algorithm. Based on a wearable multi-node inertial sensor network, this paper presents a method of multi-motion modes recognition for indoor pedestrians based on gait segmentation and a long short-term memory artificial neural network, which improves the accuracy of multi-motion modes recognition. In view of the short effective interval of zero-velocity updates in motion modes with fast speeds such as running, different zero-velocity update detection algorithms and integrated navigation methods based on change of waist/foot headings are designed. The experimental results show that the overall recognition rate of the proposed method is 96.77%, and the navigation error is 1.26% of the total distance of the proposed method, which has good application prospects.
A SHA-256 Hybrid-Redundancy Hardware Architecture for Detecting and Correcting Errors
Authors: Algredo-Badillo Ignacio , Morales-Sandoval Miguel , Medina-Santiago Alejandro , Hernández-Gracidas Carlos Arturo , Lobato-Baez Mariana , Morales-Rosales Luis Alberto
Published: July 2022

In emergent technologies, data integrity is critical for message-passing communications, where security measures and validations must be considered to prevent the entrance of invalid data, detect errors in transmissions, and prevent data loss. The SHA-256 algorithm is used to tackle these requirements. Current hardware architecture works present issues regarding real-time balance among processing, efficiency and cost, because some of them introduce significant critical paths. Besides, the SHA-256 algorithm itself considers no verification mechanisms for internal calculations and failure prevention. Hardware implementations can be affected by diverse problems, ranging from physical phenomena to interference or faults inherent to data spectra. Previous works have mainly addressed this problem through three kinds of redundancy: information, hardware, or time. To the best of our knowledge, pipelining has not been previously used to perform different hash calculations with a redundancy topic. Therefore, in this work, we present a novel hybrid architecture, implemented on a 3-stage pipeline structure, which is traditionally used to improve performance by simultaneously processing several blocks; instead, we propose using a pipeline technique for implementing hardware and time redundancies, analyzing hardware resources and performance to balance the critical path. We have improved performance at a certain clock speed, defining a data flow transformation in several sequential phases. Our architecture reported a throughput of 441.72 Mbps and 2255 LUTs, and presented an efficiency of 195.8 Kbps/LUT.
FAWPA: A FAW Attack Protection Algorithm Based on the Behavior of Blockchain Miners
Authors: Zhang Yang , Lv Xiaowen , Chen Yourong , Ren Tiaojuan , Yang Changchun , Han Meng
Published: July 2022

Blockchain has become one of the key techniques for the security of the industrial internet. However, the blockchain is vulnerable to FAW (Fork after Withholding) attacks. To protect the industrial internet from FAW attacks, this paper proposes a novel FAW attack protection algorithm (FAWPA) based on the behavior of blockchain miners. Firstly, FAWPA performs miner data preprocessing based on the behavior of the miners. Then, FAWPA proposes a behavioral reward and punishment mechanism and a credit scoring model to obtain cumulative credit value with the processed data. Moreover, we propose a miner’s credit classification mechanism based on fuzzy C-means (FCM), which combines the improved Aquila optimizer (AO) with strong solving ability. That is, FAWPA combines the miner’s accumulated credit value and multiple attack features as the basis for classification, and optimizes cluster center selection by simulating Aquila’s predation behavior. It can improve the solution update mechanism in different optimization stages. FAWPA can realize the rapid classification of miners’ credit levels by improving the speed of identifying malicious miners. To evaluate the protective effect of the target mining pool, FAWPA finally establishes a mining pool and miner revenue model under FAW attack. The simulation results show that FAWPA can thoroughly and efficiently detect malicious miners in the target mining pool. FAWPA also improves the recall rate and precision rate of malicious miner detection, and it improves the cumulative revenue of the target mining pool. The proposed algorithm performs better than ND, RSCM, AWRS, and ICRDS.
An Improved Online Fast Self-Calibration Method for Dual-Axis RINS Based on Backtracking Scheme
Authors: Li Jing , Su Lichen , Wang Fang , Li Kailong , Zhang Lili
Published: July 2022

In the field of high accuracy dual-axis rotational inertial navigation system (RINS), the calibration accuracy of the gyroscopes and accelerometers is of great importance. Although rotation modulation can suppress the navigation error caused by scale factor error and bias error in a static condition, it cannot suppress the scale factor errors thoroughly during the maneuvering process of the vehicle due to the two degrees of rotation freedom. The self-calibration method has been studied by many researchers. However, traditional calibration methods need several hours to converge, which is unable to meet the demand for quick response to positioning and orientation. To solve the above problems, we do the following work in this study: (1) we propose a 39-dimensional online calibration Kalman filtering (KF) model to estimate all calibration parameters; (2) Error relationship between calibration parameters error and navigation error are derived; (3) A backtracking filtering scheme is proposed to shorten the calibration process. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can shorten the calibration process and improve the calibration accuracy simultaneously.
Impact of Wedge Parameters on Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Liquid-Level Sensor
Authors: Xue Weizhao , Gao Wanjia , Liu Wenyi , Zhang Huixin , Guo Ruiqing
Published: July 2022

The ultrasonic Lamb wave detection principle can realize the noncontact measurement of liquid level in closed containers. When designing an ultrasonic Lamb wave sensor, it is vital to thoroughly study and select the optimal wedge size at the front of the sensor. In this paper, firstly, we select the best working mode of Lamb waves according to their propagation dispersion curve in aluminum alloy, and we obtain the best angle of wedge through experiments. Secondly, we study the impact of the size of the wedge block on the results, and we obtain the selection method of wedge block parameters. The evaluations show that, when the frequency–thickness product is 3 MHz·mm, the Lamb waves work in the A1 mode, and the experimental effect is the best. At this time, the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave is 27.39°. The wedge thickness should be designed to avoid the near-field area of the ultrasonic field, and we should choose the length as odd multiples of 1/4 wavelength. The rules obtained from the experiment can effectively select the best working mode for ultrasonic Lamb waves, while also providing a basis for the design of the wedge block size in a Lamb wave sensor.
Foreign Direct Investment, Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth—An Insight from Non-Linear ARDL Co-Integration Approach
Authors: Le Thi Thuy Hang , Nguyen Van Chien , Phan Thi Hang Nga
Published: July 2022

The paper examines the impact of foreign direct investment and environmental pollution on economic growth in an emerging economy. We used annual data covering the period of 1986–2020 and the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) to analyze the positive and negative co-integrated variables, and our findings support the asymmetric relationship between foreign direct investment, environmental pollution and economic growth in both the short and long run, as well as a long-run relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth. A one-percent increase in environmental pollution leads to a positive change in economic performance by 0.662 percent. Adversely, a one-percent decrease in environmental pollution leads to a negative change in economic performance by 0.212 percent. Vietnam is an emerging market, and capital needs for economic activities are essential. However, the research results show that a disproportionate impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth is recorded in the long run, and a disproportionate impact of environmental pollution on the economy occurs in both the short and long term. Therefore, the government needs to have policies to attract foreign investment to develop a green and sustainable economy.
Sustainable Design Strategy of Cosmetic Packaging in China Based on Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Ren Zhongming , Zhang Doudou , Gao Zhu
Published: July 2022

Consumptions of cosmetics present a steady growth trend from 2018 to 2021 in China. While environmental impact generated are becoming prominent issues. Numbers of research on the sustainability of cosmetics are focusing on ingredient choices and production; however, the packaging generates more impact than the ingredient extraction in some specific scenarios, and it should be paid more attention to. The role of packaging deserves deep consideration under the background of a circular economy. This research aims to: (i) figure out the impact hotspot through life cycle assessment (LCA) of representative cosmetic packaging in the Chinese market, (ii) conduct a series of sensitivity analyses to figure out to what extent these potential scenarios influence the environmental performance of the packaging, (iii) obtain the significance of these variables to the sustainable design of the packaging. Finally, a set of sustainable design strategies for cosmetic packaging are proposed for the designer from the aspect of facilitating user reuse and recycling behaviour, material selection, and others.
Detection of Cd2+ in Aqueous Solution by the Fluorescent Probe of CdSe/CdS QDs Based on OFF–ON Mode
Authors: Wang Dengpeng , Gao Feng , Wang Xianran , Ning Xiaomei , Wang Kaituo , Wang Xinpeng , Wei Yuezhou , Fujita Toyohisa
Published: July 2022

The detection of heavy metals in aqueous solutions has always attracted much attention from all over the world. A fluorescent probe of CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) was designed to detect trace Cd2+ in aqueous solutions using the OFF–ON mode rapidly and efficiently, likely based on adsorption and desorption reactions between ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) and CdSe/CdS QDs. In the OFF mode, the optical shielding function of EDTA results in fluorescence quenching owing to the strong adsorption ability of EDTA with Cd2+ on the sites of CdSe/CdS QDs surface. In the ON mode, the introduction of Cd2+ promotes the desorption of EDTA from the EDTA-CdSe/CdS QDs and restores the fluorescence intensity. There were two linear response ranges which were 0.1–20 µmol/L and 20–90 µmol/L for the EDTA-CdSe/CdS system to detect Cd2+. The detection limit was 6 nmol/L, and the standard deviation was below 4% for the detection of Cd2+ concentration in tap water.
Deciphering of Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)] Resistance in Cajanus platycarpus (Benth.) Offers Novel Insights on the Reprogramming and Role of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway
Authors: Tyagi Shaily , Rathinam Maniraj , Shashank Pathour Rajendra , Chaudhary Nidhee , Shasany Ajit Kumar , Sreevathsa Rohini
Published: July 2022

Management of pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.), an important legume crop, has been a pertinent endeavor globally. As with other crops, wild relatives of pigeonpea are bestowed with various resistance traits that include the ability to deter the H. armigera. Understanding the molecular basis of pod borer resistance could provide useful leads for the management of this notorious herbivore. Earlier studies by our group in deciphering the resistance response to herbivory through multiomics approaches in the pigeonpea wild relative, Cajanus platycarpus, divulged the involvement of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, speculating an active chemical response of the wild relative to herbivory. The present study is a deeper understanding of the chemical basis of pod borer (H. armigera) resistance in, C. platycarpus, with focus on the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. To substantiate, quantification of transcripts in H. armigera-challenged C. platycarpus (8 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h) showed dynamic upregulation (up to 11-fold) of pivotal pathway genes such as chalcone synthase, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, flavonoid-3′5′-hydroxylase, flavonol synthase, leucoanthocyanidin reductase, and anthocyanidin synthase. Targeted LC-MS analyses demonstrated a concomitant increase (up to 4-fold) in naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin, delphinidin, cyanidin, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin-3-gallate. Interestingly, H. armigera diet overlaid with the over-produced flavonoids (100 ppm) showed deleterious effects on growth leading to a prolonged larval period demonstrating noteworthy coherence between over-accumulation of pathway transcripts/metabolites. The study depicts novel evidence for the directed metabolic reprogramming of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in the wild relative to pod borer; plant metabolic potential is worth exploiting for pest management.
Chaos in a Magnetized Brane-World Spacetime Using Explicit Symplectic Integrators
Authors: Hu Airong , Huang Guoqing
Published: July 2022

A brane-world metric with an external magnetic field is a modified theory of gravity. It is suitable for the description of compact sources on the brane such as stars and black holes. We design a class of explicit symplectic integrators for this spacetime and use one of the integrators to investigate how variations of the parameters affect the motion of test particles. When the magnetic field does not vanish, the integrability of the system is destroyed. Thus, the onset of chaos can be allowed under some circumstances. Chaos easily occurs when the electromagnetic parameter becomes large enough. Dark matter acts as a gravitational force, so that chaotic motion can become more obvious as dark matter increases. The gravity of the black hole is weakened with an increasing positive cosmological parameter; therefore, the extent of chaos can be also strengthened. The proposed symplectic integrator is applied to a ray-tracing method and the study of such chaotic dynamics will be a possible reference for future studies of brane-world black hole shadows with chaotic patterns of self-similar fractal structures based on the Event Horizon Telescope data for M87* and Sagittarius A*.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Machine Learning toward the Solution of Climate-Friendly Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
Authors: Peksen Murphy M.
Published: July 2022

The rapid conversion of conventional powertrain technologies to climate-neutral new energy vehicles requires the ramping of electrification. The popularity of fuel cell electric vehicles with improved fuel economy has raised great attention for many years. Their use of green hydrogen is proposed to be a promising clean way to fill the energy gap and maintain a zero-emission ecosystem. Their complex architecture is influenced by complex multiphysics interactions, driving patterns, and environmental conditions that put a multitude of power requirements and boundary conditions around the vehicle subsystems, including the fuel cell system, the electric motor, battery, and the vehicle itself. Understanding its optimal fuel economy requires a systematic assessment of these interactions. Artificial intelligence-based machine learning methods have been emerging technologies showing great potential for accelerated data analysis and aid in a thorough understanding of complex systems. The present study investigates the fuel economy peaks during an NEDC in fuel cell electric vehicles. An innovative approach combining traditional multiphysics analyses, design of experiments, and machine learning is an effective blend for accelerated data supply and analysis that accurately predicts the fuel consumption peaks in fuel cell electric vehicles. The trained and validated models show very accurate results with less than 1% error.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Bartonella spp. and Haemoplasma Infections in Cats from Greece
Authors: Kokkinaki Kassiopi Christina G. , Saridomichelakis Manolis N. , Skampardonis Vassilis , Mataragka Antonia , Ikonomopoulos John , Leontides Leonidas , Mylonakis Mathios E. , Steiner Joerg M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Xenoulis Panagiotis G.
Published: July 2022

Bartonellosis and haemoplasmosis are vector-borne diseases with global impact on the health of domestic cats and of zoonotic importance. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological aspects of various populations of cats infected with Bartonella spp. or haemoplasma species. The populations evaluated included client-owned cats, stray cats and cats that live in breeding catteries in Greece. A total of 452 cats were prospectively enrolled into the study. A commercially available indirect immunofluorescence antibody testkit was used for the detection of Bartonella henselae IgG antibodies in serum. PCRs for the detection of Bartonella spp. and haemoplasma species DNA in the blood were also performed in a subgroup of 242 of the 452 cats. Risk factors for B. henselae seropositivity and infection with the haemoplasma species were determined using multivariable analysis. Overall, 160 (35.4%) of the 452 cats were seropositive for B. henselae. Seven (2.9%) and 46 (19%) of the 242 cats were PCR-positive for Bartonella spp. and haemoplasma species, respectively. The factors associated with B. henselae seropositivity, based on multivariate analysis, included older age, outdoor access, living region and flea infestation. Non-administration of ectoparasiticides was associated with haemoplasma species infection. This study shows a high prevalence of seropositivity for B. henselae and a relatively high prevalence of infection with haemoplasma species. Therefore, it is necessary to establish optimal strategies for the prevention of Bartonella spp. and haemoplasma species infections, considering the high-risk groups of cats identified in this study.
Metastatic Uterine Adenocarcinoma in a Sable Antelope (Hippotragus niger)
Authors: van der Weyden Louise , Bezuidenhout Anien , van Wilpe Erna , O’Dell Nicolize
Published: July 2022

A nine-year-old intact female sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) with a six-week history of gradual loss of body condition was found dead by the owner and presented for autopsy. Macroscopic examination revealed an enlarged spleen and liver with the hepatic and splenic parenchyma showing extensive infiltration with firm, white to cream-coloured nodules. The uterus showed a few small, firm, well-demarcated, white-to-cream-coloured nodules in the uterine body. Similar nodules were present in the mediastinum, parietal pleura, heart, and marrow cavity of the femur. Histological analysis of the uterus revealed densely cellular neoplastic proliferations, forming nests, tubules, and acini within an abundant fibrovascular stroma. The samples from the other tissues revealed neoplastic cells with a similar appearance to those seen in the uterus, also forming nests and acini in a fibrovascular stroma. Importantly, multiple neoplastic cells were also seen in the peribronchiolar lymphatic vessels. The neoplastic cells in the uterine sections showed positive immunohistochemical labelling for cytokeratin, as did the neoplastic cells in the sections of liver and parietal pleura, confirming they were of epithelial origin. In addition, transmission electron microscopy of the uterus and liver showed neoplastic cells arranged in groups surrounded by basement membranes and interspersed with collagen fibres. Junctions were present between the cells, and junctional complexes could be seen at some cell surfaces. This confirmed that the neoplastic cells seen in the liver sample were the same as those seen in the uterine sample and were of epithelial origin. Thus, a diagnosis was made of uterine adenocarcinoma with widespread metastasis. This is the first report of uterine adenocarcinoma in a sable antelope.
An Overview to Technical Solutions for Molybdenum Removal: Perspective from the Analysis of the Scientific Literature on Molybdenum and Drinking Water (1990–2019)
Authors: Abejón Ricardo
Published: July 2022

A bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database was performed to investigate the research documents published from 1990 to 2019 in scientific sources related to molybdenum in drinking water and determine the quantitative characteristics of the research in this period. The results from the analysis revealed that the number of publications was maintained at a regular production of around 5 papers per year until 2009, followed by a fast linear increase in the production in the period from 2010 to 2016 (29 papers in 2016), but the scientific production regarding this topic was reduced in 2017 and 2018 to recover the production obtained in 2016 once again in 2019. The total contribution of the three most productive countries (USA, China and India, respectively) accounted for around 50% of the total number of publications. Environmental Science was the most common subject (51.4% contribution), followed by Chemistry (26.7% contribution). The research efforts targeted toward the search for technical solutions for molybdenum removal from water are not as important as the ones focused on the identification of molybdenum-polluted water bodies and the analysis of the health effects of the intake of molybdenum. Nevertheless, examples of technological treatments to remove molybdenum from the aqueous solution include the use of adsorption and ion exchange; coagulation, flocculation and precipitation followed by filtration; membrane technologies and biological treatments.
Assessment of Hydrobiological and Soil Characteristics of Non-Fertilized, Earthen Fish Ponds in Sindh (Pakistan), Supplied with Seawater from Tidal Creeks
Authors: Fatima Asma , Abbas Ghulam , Kasprzak Robert
Published: July 2022

In this study, the suitability of four earthen, seawater ponds located in the Thatta district of Sindh province (Pakistan) was evaluated for the purpose of semi-intensive mariculture, which remains to be a severely underdeveloped branch of the agricultural industry of this populous Asian country. Initial pond soil probes were promising, as they showed a high clay and silt content. Monthly water samples were obtained in the year 2019 (from January to December), which allowed for the monitoring of water parameters, as well as the identification and relative quantification of planktic populations. As a result, the monthly variations of basic water parameters were found within optimal ranges for planktic growth (water temperature, salinity, pH, transparency, and dissolved oxygen). Bacillariophyta was the largest phytoplanktic group, with the most dominant species being Sundstroemia setigera, followed by the cyanobacteria Oscillatoria limosa. Copepoda was the most numerous group of identified zooplankton, followed by tintinnids and foraminiferans. Total suspended solids (TSS) calculations indicated up to nine-fold month-to-month reductions of planktic biomass, observed in the form of diminishing Bacillariophyta (December) and Copepoda (June and December). In conclusion, the studied ponds appear to be suitable for semi-intensive mariculture activity due to the abundance of diverse planktic forms (mainly Copepoda—preferable natural food for commercially important fish species), which was achieved even without the use of fertilizers. However, significant drops of planktic biomass may still occur, which implies the need for regular water monitoring procedures, which would in turn allow fish producers to implement periodical adjustments to the administered feeding rates with artificial diets.
Generating Continuous Rainfall Time Series with High Temporal Resolution by Using a Stochastic Rainfall Generator with a Copula and Modified Huff Rainfall Curves
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Ty , Chen Shien-Tsung
Published: July 2022

In this study, a stochastic rainfall generator was developed to create continuous rainfall time series with a high temporal resolution of 10 min. The rainfall-generation process involved Monte Carlo simulation for stochastically generating rainfall parameters such as rainfall quantity, duration, inter-event time, and type. A bivariate copula was used to preserve the correlation between rainfall quantity and rainfall duration in the generated rainfall series. A modified Huff curve method was used to overcome the drawbacks of rainfall type classification by using the conventional Huff curve method. The number of discarded rainfall events was lower in the modified Huff curve method than in the conventional Huff curve method. Moreover, the modified method includes a new rainfall type that better represents rainfall events with a relatively uniform temporal pattern. The developed rainfall generator was used to reproduce rainfall series for the Yilan River Basin in Taiwan. The statistical indices of the generated rainfall series were close to those of the observed rainfall series. The results obtained for rainfall type classification indicated the necessity and suitability of the proposed new rainfall type. Overall, the developed stochastic rainfall generator can suitably reproduce continuous rainfall time series with a resolution of 10 min.
SLONIP—A Slovenian Web-Based Interactive Research Platform on Water Isotopes in Precipitation
Authors: Vreča Polona , Pavšek Aljaž , Kocman David
Published: July 2022

Knowledge of how the isotopic composition (i.e., δ2H, δ18O and 3H) of precipitation changes within an individual catchment allows the origins of surface and groundwater to be differentiated and the dynamic characteristics of water within individual water bodies to be traced. This paper presents the Slovenian Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (SLONIP), a research platform that has been operating since April 2020. The SLONIP platform currently contains 2572 isotope data points of monthly composite precipitation from eight locations obtained from various investigations performed since 1981. It also provides information about a sample’s location, analysis, and links to the relevant scientific papers. It also presents the data in numerical and graphical form, including monthly, seasonal, and annual means and local meteoric water lines, all calculated using a Python code made freely available on GitHub. The platform provides essential information for geographically, climatologically, and geologically diverse regions like Slovenia and can help improve our understanding of the water cycle on a local and regional scale.
An Inventory of Good Management Practices for Nutrient Reduction, Recycling and Recovery from Agricultural Runoff in Europe’s Northern Periphery and Arctic Region
Authors: Drizo Aleksandra , Johnston Chris , Guðmundsson Jón
Published: July 2022

The excess loading of nutrients generated by agricultural activities is a leading cause of water quality impairment across the globe. Various management practices have been developed and widely implemented as conservation management strategies to combat water pollution originating from agricultural activities. In the last ten years, there has also been a widespread recognition of the need for nutrient harvesting from wastewaters and resource recovery. In Europe’s Northern Periphery and Arctic (NPA) areas, the expertise in water and runoff management is sporadic and needs to be improved. Therefore, the objective of this research was to perform a comprehensive review of the state of the art of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) for the NPA region. A set of questionnaires was distributed to project partners combined with a comprehensive literature review of GAPs focusing on those relevant and/or implemented in the NPA region. Twenty-four GAPs were included in the inventory. This review reveals that there is a large level of uncertainty, inconsistency, and a gap in the knowledge regarding the effectiveness of GAPs in nutrient reduction (NRE), their potential for nutrient recycling and recovery (NRR), and their operation and maintenance requirements (OMR) and costs. Although the contribution of GAPs to water quality improvement could not be quantified, this inventory provides a comprehensive and first-of-its-kind guide on available measures and practices to assist regional and local authorities and communities in the NAP region. A recommendation for incorporating and retrofitting phosphorus retaining media (PRMs) in some of the GAPs, and/or the implementation of passive filtration systems and trenches filled with PRMs to intercept surface and subsurface farm flows, would result in the enhancement of both NRE and NRR.
Multi-Objective Optimization with Mayfly Algorithm for Periodic Charging in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks
Authors: Mukase Sandrine , Xia Kewen
Published: July 2022

Wireless energy transfer (WET) is a revolutionary method that has the power to tackle the energy and longevity challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSN). This paper uses a mobile charger (MC) to discover the procedure of WET based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) for a periodic charging technique to maintain the network operational. The goal of this work is to lower overall system energy consumption and total distance traveled while increasing the mobile charger device vacation time ratio. Based on an analysis of total energy consumption, a new metaheuristic called mayfly algorithm (MA) is used to achieve energy savings. Instead of charging all nodes at the same time in each cycle, in our strategy, the mobile charger charges only energy-hungry nodes due to their levels of energy. In this strategy, when the first node reaches the calculated minimum energy, it notifies the base station (BS), which computes all nodes that fall under threshold energy and sends the MC to charge all of them to the maximum energy level in the same cycle. Mathematical results show that the mayfly algorithm can considerably decrease the charging device’s total energy consumption and distance traveled while maintaining performance because it can keep the network operational with less complexity than other schemes.
Analysis, Design and Realization of a Wireless Power Transfer Charger for Electric Vehicles: Theoretical Approach and Experimental Results
Authors: Bentalhik Issam , Lassioui Abdellah , EL Fadil Hassan , Bouanou Tasnime , Rachid Aziz , EL Idrissi Zakariae , Hamed Ahmed Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Wireless power transfer (WPT) chargers are promising solutions for charging electric vehicles (EVs). Due to their advantages such as ease and safety of use, these chargers are increasingly replacing conductive ones. In this paper, we first provide a detailed analysis to illustrate the effect of varying parameters on the operation of the WPT charger. Secondly, we present the main design steps of the charger elements while respecting the recommendations of the SAEJ2954 standard in terms of operating frequency, efficiency and misalignments. Regarding the design of the ground-side and vehicle-side coils, we propose three different circular geometries whose parameters are determined using an iterative approach. The latter is compared with a finite element analysis performed under Ansys Maxwell software showing the convergence between theoretical calculations and the simulation results. Finally, an experimental prototype with a power of 500 W is realized. In addition, different test scenarios are performed to validate the proposed design approach. In this respect, an efficiency of 90% is obtained for a power of 500 W and a distance between coils of 125 mm. Moreover, the test of the charger in the most unfavorable operating case (misalignments of Δx = 70 mm, Δy = 10 mm and Δz = 150 mm) gives an efficiency of 83.5%, which remains above the limit of the SAEJ2954 standard.
EVB-Supportive Energy Management for Residential Systems with Renewable Energy Supply
Authors: Yang Xinan , Chitsuphaphan Thanet , Dai Hongsheng , Meng Fanlin
Published: July 2022

This study examines the potential role that an Electric Vehicle Battery (EVB) can play in Home Energy Management System (HEMS) based on a future development on the performance and costs of batteries. The value of EVB in an HEMS with different home connection settings and energy consumption/storage/generation capacities are investigated to advise the optimal future HEMS setups. Solar PV are considered as the residential renewal energy supply, which is the main resource of uncertainty of the system. A novel forecasting model is deployed which incorporates geographical information, solar radiation forecast and weather-related conditions into an exponential-based method to simulate day-ahead solar PV output. Optimal flows of energy and usage of storage (batteries) are then captured by a Stochastic Programming (SP) model and solved by CPLEX. Managerial insights and optimal designs of the HEMS are drawn based on the results obtained.
Dynamic Performance Enhancement of a Direct-Driven PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Using a 12-Sectors DTC
Authors: Eial Awwad Abdullah
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on the performance analysis, modeling, and control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind energy conversion. This work analyzes controllers for the machine-side converter (MSC) and grid-side converter (GSC) and presents a new direct torque control (DTC) scheme based on a 12-sectors polygonal DTC for variable speed control of the PMSG. The proposed method solves the drawbacks faced by conventional six-sectors DTC control. The proposed method utilizes 12 sectors of 30° each compared to 60° in the conventional 6-sectors DTC. The 12-sectors technique was applied to voltages and flux vectors to increase the degrees of freedom for the selection of optimal vectors and, thus, reduce the torque ripple. This work analyzed the aforementioned DTC methods using MATLAB/Simulink, comparing the dynamic response of the proposed 12-sectors DTC with the conventional 6-sectors DTC control, and the results verified the effectiveness of the proposed DTC control.
Comparative analysis of the results of minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment of patients with postnecrotic pancreatic cysts using percutaneous transgastric and laparoscopic cystogastrostomy
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Prazdnikov Jerik Narimanovich , Shevchenko Vadim Pavlovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Baranov Grigory Alexandrovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Khoptyar Maksim Sergeevich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Naletov Vladimir Vladimirovich ,   Limited Liability Company «K Medicine», Moscow, Zinatulin Dmitry Ravilyevich ,   Surgical Care of the State Public Health Institution of the Moscow region «Ramenskaya Central District Hospital», Umyarov Rifat Khamitovich ,   Surgical Care of the State Public Health Institution of the Moscow region «Ramenskaya Central District Hospital»
Published: July 2022

According to the world medical literature, there is a clear trend towards an increase in the number of patients diagnosed with pancreatitis (acute / chronic). The average age of patients diagnosed with pancreatitis has decreased to 39 years, the percentage of disability reaches 15 %. The course of pancreatitis in most cases is accompanied by the development of complications. Postnecrotic cysts of the pancreas of various localization is one of such complications. Current options for surgical treatment of patients with postnecrotic cysts of the pancreas today are draining and resection methods of treatment. The presence of concomitant pathology and anatomical features in patients with postnecrotic pancreatic cysts entails the need to develop alternative, effective and safe methods of surgical treatment.
Immediate results of surgical myocardial revascularisation in COVID-19 survivors
Authors:   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Ermakov Valerii Sergeevich , Kravchuk Viacheslav Nikolaevich ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Porembskaya Olga Yaroslavna ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia,  Saint-Petersburg, Kuznetsov Kirill Vladimirovich ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Knjazev Evgenii Alekseevich ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Belikov Aleksej Viktorovich ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Garpinchenko Tatyana Vladimirovna ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Kazakova Irina Borisovna ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Lobzhanidze Kseniya Eugenevna ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Nikol’skij Aleksandr Viktorovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Privolzhsky Research Medical University», Russia, Nizhny Novgorod, Sayganov Sergey Anatolievich ,   Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, Russia, Saint-Petersburg
Published: July 2022

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. First registered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Due to the high contagiousness of the virus, the infection quickly spread throughout the world, and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the number of cardiac surgeries was sharply reduced due to the repurposing of hospitals to receive and treat patients with COVID-19. Today, however, diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading cause of death in the developed world. At the same time, there are more and more reports of extremely unfavorable outcomes of cardiac surgery in patients with active infection. Unfavorable outcomes were associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in the early postoperative period and high hospital mortality. Two years after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, 98 % of the patients had an infection, and today this group of patients is increasingly common in cardiac surgery practice. At the same time, there is evidence that the transferred COVID-19 has long-term adverse effects, including pathological effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This retrospective study was aimed at studying and analyzing the immediate results of surgical myocardial revascularization, namely coronary artery bypass grafting on a beating heart, in patients with COVID-19 convalescents with coronary heart disease.
Surgery in deep space travel
Authors:   RUDN Medical Institute, Lebedev Nikolay Vyacheslavovich , Klimov Alexey Evgen'evich ,   RUDN Medical Institute, Ivanov Vladimir Aleksandrovich ,   RUDN Medical Institute, Popov Vasily Sergeevich ,   RUDN Medical Institute, Barkhudarov Alexander Alekseevich ,   RUDN Medical Institute
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the problems that the crew of a spacecraft may face during long flights in open space during interplanetary travel. The most probable diseases that can develop in crew members under conditions of medical selection of candidates on earth are shown. The issues of instrumental diagnostics of acute diseases and injuries of the thoracic and abdominal cavities are considered. The main attention in the article is paid to the issues of the operational manual in the conditions of microgravity of the spacecraft. Possible surgical accesses for the treatment of acute surgical diseases and possible injuries of crew members are being considered. It also describes possible problems on the part of both the surgical technique itself with virtually no gravity, and the reason not allowing the use of robotic remote surgical techniques.
A Study on Unsubstituted Cu(II) Phthalocyanine and Bovine Serum Albumin Bioconjugation
Authors: YAĞCI Çiğdem
Published: July 2022

The ground state electronic and fluorescence spectra of unsubstituted copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) have been studied in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in water as a solvent. The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the solution properties of CuPc: BSA bioconjugate has also been investigated. FT-IR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence analysis have been carried to evaluate the BSA: CuPc bioconjugation. The optimum bioconjugate ratio of BSA: CuPc has been studied via UV-Vis and fluorescence spectral techniques. The collaborative effect of SDS with BSA on the aggregation of CuPc suspension has also been studied in terms of UV-Vis, fluorescence, and FT–IR analysis.
Controle avançado aplicado a colunas de destilação / Advanced control applied to distillation columns
Authors: Neto Luciano Rangel Pinheiro , Mello Fernando Martins de , Silva Antonio Manoel Batista da , Dias Marcelo Costa , Teixeira Edilberto Pereira , Zuffi Fidélis Rosângelo
Published: July 2022

O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de operação e controle de uma coluna de destilação em uma usina sucroalcooleira que combina a aplicação de ferramentas de sintonia de malhas de controle, de controle avançado de processos e de sistemas de otimização, além do monitoramento do processo em tempo real. Com essa metodologia obtém-se uma diminuição significativa da variabilidade do processo, além da otimização da produção de etanol. O resultado mostrou que a combinação dessas ferramentas de automação contribuiu para uma redução de 91,2% na variabilidade do processo, um aumento de 9,2% na capacidade de produção de etanol e uma redução significativa das intervenções dos operadores no processo.