Intelligent Wireless Sensor Networks for Healthcare: Bridging Biomedical Clothing to the IoT Future
Authors:   Department of Medical Devices Engineering Technologies, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq, Ettyem Sajjad Ali ,   Medical instruments engineering techniques, Al-farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq,   Computer Technologies Engineering, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad,Iraq,   Information and Communication Technology Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq,   Technical Computer Engineering Department, Al-Kunooze University College, Basrah, Iraq,   Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic,   Laboratory of Biophysics and Medical Technology, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia, Ahmed Ibrahem , Ahmed Wasan Saad , Hussien Naseer Ali , Majeed Maryam Ghassan , Cengiz Korhan , Benameur Narjes 
Published: September 2023

The science of achieving a healthy mind, body, and spirit through objectives and activities is known as personal health (PH). We must be aware of our mental, bodily, and social well-being. The term hygiene refers to a wide variety of healthy behaviours. Individuals' healthcare costs and quality of life increased by avoiding or reducing the long-term effects of the disease through knowledge and skills. Biomedical apparel includes sutures, vascular grafts, and biodegradable clothes (BC). Biomedical clothing is anything implanted or incorporated into the human body and used near tissue, blood, or cells. Quick, dependable, and energy-efficient connectivity between wireless sensor networks is necessary (WSNs). Physical layers, media access control, networking layers, and control requirements must be co-designed. For those with lesser means, health insurance will increase in cost. There are difficulties with privacy and cyber security, a higher chance of malpractice claims, and increased time and financial expenditures for doctors and patients. In this study, wireless sensor networks-based personal health biomedical clothing (PH-BC-WSN) was utilized to increase access to high-quality healthcare, increase food production through precision agriculture, and raise the standard of human resources. More effective healthcare and medical asset monitoring systems can be developed thanks to the Internet of Things. Eavesdropping on medical data, modification, fabrication of warnings, denial of service, user tracking and location, physical interference with equipment, and electromagnetic threats were extensively discussed. The article gives several instances of current technology, discusses design challenges including energy efficiency, security, and scalability, provides various demonstrations of current technology, and provides a complete analysis of all the advantages and disadvantages. Despite their many benefits, body sensor networks have several significant obstacles and unresolved research problems, which are described along with some potential answers. As a result, the experimental findings demonstrate that PH-BC-WSN enhances accuracy and reduces response time in inpatient health monitoring.