bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Substituting La with Zr on Electrochemical Characteristics of As-Spun RE–Mg–Ni-Based A2B7-Type Alloys
Authors: Zhang Yang Huan , Yang Tai , Shang Hong Wei , Ren Hui Ping , Cai Ying , Zhao Dong Liang
Published: September 2012

In order to ameriolate the electrochemical hydrogen storage performances of La–Mg–Ni system A2B7-type electrode alloys, the partial substitution of Zr for La has been performed. The La0.75−xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) electrode alloys were prepared by melt spinning. The influences of substithting La with Zr on the structures and the electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of the alloys were investigated. The structure characterized by XRD and TEM displays that the as-spun alloys have a multiphase structure, composing of two main phases (La, Mg)2Ni7 and LaNi5 as well as a residual phase LaNi2. The as-spun Zr-free alloy displays an entire nanocrystalline structure, while an like amorphous structure is detected in the as-spun alloy substituted by Zr, implying that the substitution of Zr for La facilitates the amorphous formation. The substitution of Zr for La markedly enhances the electrochemical cycle stability of the alloys, whereas the impact generated by such substitution on the high rate discharge ability (HRD) of the alloys is different with the variation of the spinning rate. The HRD of the as-spun (5 m/s) alloys yields the largest value with the change of Zr content, but that of the as-spun (20 m/s) alloys always declines with the growing amount of Zr substitution.
Key Technology Research of the Temperature Field Simulation Based on the Flat Butt Weld
Authors: Li Yu Wen , Wang Fu Xing
Published: September 2012

Aluminum as solder, in the flat welding process, the temperature field and the residual stress field distribution was the main problem of the study; According to the actual situation of the welding process, using the direct loading temperature method and the indirect loading temperature method , the main path of temperature field distribution curves and the residual stress field distribution were gained by 2D numerical simulation respectively; Through comparison, the indirect loading method can get more accuracy of residual stress field distribution than that of the direct loading temperature method; The above methods were useful in practical production.
Research on Full-Digital Controlled AC Soft-Switching Inverter Welding Power Supply
Authors: Huang Peng Fei , Liu Xue Chao , Sha Li Jun , Lu Zhen Yang
Published: September 2012

With rapid economic development and global manufacturing competition, developing a low heat input and high reliability full digital welding power became an important research field of welding. This paper designed a soft switching inverter AC welding power supply, in which two DSP controlling chips dsPIC30F6011A and dsPIC30F2020 were used as the core of the fully digital control system. Thanks to the control circuit and the corresponding software, the closed loop output power control was completed. A large number of soft-switching parameters were optimized, which effectively improved the reliability of power supply
Optimization and Supporting Technology of Compressor Cylinder Block Machining Process
Authors: Huang Xin Ming
Published: September 2012

This paper describes the process optimization of compressor cylinder block machining and supporting technology, which ensures the implementation of this optimization. This paper also provides detailed instructions about the design of quick change type semi automatic hydraulic jig and combination cutting tool of fine boring crankshaft hole. The practical experience evidenced that the process optimization is a good way to improve the product quality.
Visualized Flight Control and Flight Mechanics Calculation
Authors: Zhu Lin , Zhu Chun Yan , Gu Hong Bin , Wang Guang Qiang
Published: September 2012

Aircraft basic performance is the foundation of the research on aircraft, which is characterized by many parameters. According to the example of the shortest rising time spent on flying from an altitude to another arbitrary one, and the example of matching control of joystick and throttle lever, it is demonstrated that the visualization in scientific computing method is useful for promoting engineering research.
Research of Experiment Platform for Drilling Hydraulic Mining of Oil Shale
Authors: Sha Yong Bai , Zhao Xiao Ying , Li Liang Fei , He Yan
Published: September 2012

Aimed at a new mining method of oil shale—Borehole Hydraulic Mining, the experiment platform for Borehole Hydraulic mining of oil shale is designed based on this, in order to evaluation of the effective damage to oil shale in different forms of jet, determine the economic and reasonable high-pressure jet parameters. The finite element analysis is conducted to the key components of the experimental platform. The Results Show that the parts design is reasonable and the experiment platform meets the requirements. The experimental platform provides the reliable equipment guarantee for the effective implementation of the hydraulic mining experiment.
Research on a Generalized Simulation Algorithm for Cutting Forces Prediction of Helical Milling and its Implementation
Authors: Shen Jiang Li , Liu Qiang , Yuan Song Mei , Yang Yi Qing
Published: September 2012

This paper presents a generalized simulation algorithm for cutting forces prediction of helical milling. Calculating cutting thickness and the transition of coordinate system are the key points. The average cutting coefficient model is adopted. The simulation algorithm and related software are developed. It can predict cutting forces for inner and outer circle of helical milling. The validation and accuracy of the simulation algorithm has been verified by experiments.
Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of LiMn2O4 Nanofibers via Electrospinning for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Shuai , Long Yun Ze , Zhang Hong Di , Sun Bin , Tang Cheng Chun , Li Hong Liang , Kan Guang Wei , Wang Chao
Published: September 2012

LiMn2O4 nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning and followed by calcination. The surface morphology of as-spun and pure LiMn2O4 nanofibers was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an average diameter of 180 nm. After calcination at 800 °C in air for 5 h, charge/discharge capacity of pure LiMn2O4 nanofibers was measured in the potential range of 3.0 to 4.3 V. Battery testing showed that LiMn2O4 have a high discharge capacity of 80 mAh/g and 85% of the initial charge capacity was maintained for 5 cycles.
Research on Durability Test Method for Wheel Bearings
Authors: You Hong Wu , Weng Ze Yu , Yin Di Jiang , Lu Bo
Published: September 2012

The paper discusses durability test methods for wheel bearings. Through studying on the offset between the center line of a wheel and the center line on which the tire is forced, we get the determination method for the simulating load position on the wheel bearing . Depending on the influence study of inner circle or outer circle rotating method to the life performance of the wheel bearings, we give the test method on the bench. Based on the discussing of the bench monitoring method of wheel bearings, we give the effective and simple method to determine the failure of wheel bearings with Kur tosis.
Reform of Entrance Sealing Device of Large Vertical Reduction Annealing Furnace
Authors: Cen Yao Dong , Chen Lin
Published: September 2012

Against the problem of roller surface nodular of Baotou sheet steel factory galvanized vertical reduction annealing furnace, products defects of dezincification, leak plating, scratches before galvanized and so on, and from these aspects of analysis including the vertical annealing furnace’s working principle and structural characteristics, it was found that these main reasons causing this fault was that entry seal roller did not turn for high temperature deformation and condensed water of roller surface pollute strip steel, by improving the design and transformation of entry seal structure, the defects which caused by these reasons is solved, greatly improved the quality of the products, and there for provide the safeguard for the continuous and stable operation galvanized units.
Displacements Recognition and Tank Capacity Demarcation of Oil Tank
Authors: Yang Cheng Hui
Published: September 2012

To recognise the displacements of oil tank can effectively prevent oil waste of oil tank leak. This text mainly combines mathematical theory with matlab software to build a model which about the oil liquid level and oil storage quantity. Using the model to determine the oil liquid height and volume inside when no shift,and keep it as a benchmark.Then using oil level program to determine the real oil liquid height in the tank,which is sank under the foundation caused by earthquake or other reasons. Basing on the corresponding relation of oil liquid height and volume quantity, the tank capacity charts with prior calibration can be calculated, and making the result of real oil liquid height and volume quantity compared with the benchmark. Making a new demarcation for oil tank has an important economic meaning in prevent wasting of oil resource
Neural Networks Based Intelligent Synthetic Method and its Applications in Equipment Evaluation
Authors: Li Miao
Published: September 2012

The equipment evaluation is one of the key components of asset evaluation, whose newness rate is the important and essential part of the evaluation process. This paper analyses the traditional methods as well as the synthetic method, which is greatly improved by drawing neural networks technology into it.
Research on a Vertical Settlement Type Dehydrator with Spiral Sieves
Authors: Zheng Gang Feng , Zha Jia Wei , Liu Hai Zeng , Li Ling
Published: September 2012

This article designed a kind of dehydration device using spiral sieve for solid-liquid separation of coal slime water. The device based on the spiral feeding extrusion, using the materials own gravity to achieve solid-liquid separation, so as to realize the continuous material feeding. Due to the mutual extruding of the material, spiral sieve and spiral rotor, the device has the following advantages: less work cycle, continuous feeding, easy for application and maintenance, reliable work, less repair point and low maintenance costs.
Efficency Evaluation for Aircraft under Reconfiguration Control Subtitle as Needed
Authors: Zhang Xiao Jie , Du Bin Bin , Ma Pei Bei
Published: September 2012

Advanced flighter has many control surfaces.Because that reconfiguration technique can be used to retain a sufficient level of flying quality to enable a surface failure aircraft to safety.At the same time the control efficiency change.The estimate algorithm is used to evaluate the control efficency.
Design and Realization of Digital Signature System
Authors: Cui Xin , Jiang Li
Published: September 2012

The crux of safety communication of computer network lies in the accuracy of data transmission and the security of confidential data. Information security is the premise and foundation of all communication based on computer network. Business online becomes much more risky. Security technologies, such as authentication, encryption, must be implemented to ensure the security of the transactions. Digital signature technology plays an irreplaceable role in the fields of identification and authentication, data integrity, anti-repudiation and so on, which has a very wide range of application in e-commerce and e-government. The radical methods and traits of digital signature are introduced. The approach of digital signature based on Java is presented, and its rationality, effectively and feasibility are reasoned, the test results achieved the expected goals and ensured the confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation of the information. This solution can be widely used in digital campus, enterprise nets, etc, and has a good application prospect.
The Research of Digital City Construction Based on Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Deng Xiao Bin , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2012

Digital City is the digital technical service system which is synthetically applying such as Geographical Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) ，Satellite Positioning System, Computer Network, Multimedia, Virtual Simulation and so on many kinds of technical methods, automatically gathers and dynamically manages City’s infrastructure, function mechanism, and at last assists Decision-making Supports. The Three-Dimensional Urban GIS (3D UGIS) is the key supporting technology of the Digital City, and also needs certain key technology to support it. Such as building 3D Spatial Data Model, huge spatial data’s storage method in spatial database, and reconstructing 3D virtual scene. And this thesis precisely centers on these key problems to launch research.
High-Level Structure of the Shear Parameter Identification and Damage Detection Based on Elman Neural Network
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhou Lin
Published: September 2012

This paper presents a new method, based on Elman neural network approach for structural parameter identification. According to the Features of shear-type structure, Proposed identification strategy of the structure parameter and damage detection method. Determine the structural damage and Recognition of damage location and extent of damage by comparing different periods of the structure stiffness. Simulation results show that this method identified structural stiffness values are still high accuracy, and to achieve accurate identification and location of structural damage.
Analysis and Control of Chatter Marks of Strip Steel on HC Cold Rolling Mill
Authors: Xie Zhi Jiang , Xie Chang Gui , Chen Ping
Published: September 2012

According to the chatter marks on strip steel of HC cold rolling mill , by analysis the collected vibration and simulation analysis on rolling mill, it is found that chatter marks of strip steel surface cuased by the Seventh-order natural frequency. Then, for analysising cuase of chatter marks on strip steel surface, relevant inhibiting chatter marks measures is put forward, and the measures are used for production which got a good inhibition effect of chatter marks.
3-D Numerical Simulation on Unsteady Turbulent Flow of Rotational Flow Self-Priming Pump
Authors: Wang Chun Lin , Zhang Tian Fang , Zhao Chun Lei , Liu Dong
Published: September 2012

The three-dimensional unsteady turbulent flow of rotational flow self-priming pump was simulated by using Reynolds time-averaged N-S equations and the standard k-ε turbulent model, sliding mesh model of static-dynamic coupled models and SIMPLE arithmetic. The static pressure distribution of the pump central rotative surface and relative velocity of the impeller central rotative surface in a complete application cycle were analyzed. The rule of instantaneous head in a impeller channel cycle was studied, and the positions of maximal head and minimal head were analyzed. It revealed that the unsteady method can truly simulate the changes of the rotational flow self-priming pump interior flow, and the unsteady characteristic of interior flow in rotational flow self-priming pump is obvious and it changes as the relative position of impeller and volute change. The change is periodical, and its frequency is relate to the impeller number and the rotate speed of the pump.
A Study on Reliability Assessment for CNC Equipment
Authors: Deng Chao , Xiong Yao , Wang Yuan Hang , Wu Jun
Published: September 2012

The trend of modern high-end CNC equipment with high reliability and long life expectancy makes traditional methods of equipment reliability assessment difficult due to the multiple performance parameters as well as less failures and degradation data. This paper proposes a performance reliability assessment based on parameter degradation data, which deals with reliability evaluation with small numbers of samples. With the analysis of performance degradation processes and rules, the framework of the performance reliability assessment for parameters is proposed. According to the degradation data of a single performance parameter, the degradation trajectory of the performance parameters is curve fitted by Support vector machines (SVM). The reliability when the degradation curve reaches its specified threshold is calculated. The probability density function at time is also built, which describes the shape of the failure distribution of each performance parameter at each stage in time. Finally, using a specific type of CNC machine tool as an example, the performance reliability assessment method is verified.
Reliability Assessment for CNC Equipment Based on Multi-Parameter Degradation Data
Authors: Deng Chao , Wang Yuan Hang , Xiong Yao , Wu Jun
Published: September 2012

The modern high-end CNC equipment with high reliability and long life expectancy makes traditional methods of equipment reliability assessment difficult due to the multiple performance parameters as well as less failures and degradation data. This paper proposes a performance reliability assessment based on multiple parameter degradation data, which deals with reliability evaluation with small numbers of samples. With the analysis of performance degradation processes and rules, the framework of the performance reliability assessment for multiple parameters is proposed. Using the degradation data of multiple performance parameters of CNC equipment, a covariance matrix is built to determine the correlation between the performance parameters. The degradation trajectories of the performance parameter(s) are curve fitted by Support vector machines (SVM). The reliability when the degradation curve reaches its specified threshold is calculated. According to both the reliabilities of non-relevant performance parameters and relevant performance parameters, the joint reliability of the system is calculated. Finally, using a specific type of CNC machine tool as an example, the performance reliability assessment method is verified.
Kinematics Model and Simulation of Precise Wheat-Sowing Robot
Authors: Lin Hai Bo , Dong Shu Liang , Yi Chui Jie
Published: September 2012

The wheat precise seeding technology is an effective way to increase the production of wheat. Walking precision of the agricultural machinery combined with precise seeders has a directly effect on the accuracy of sowing. The real-time tracking technology has become the main problem in agricultural fields. In this paper, the kinematics model of a mobile robot was established and MATLAB was used to make simulation analysis of Path tracking. The results meet the requirements of the robot path tracking and provide technical support for precision seeding.
A Fast Algorithm for Multi-Robot SLAM
Authors: Xu Xiao Long , Zhang Jian Wen , Chen Li Ping
Published: September 2012

Multi-robot SLAM has become a research hotspot in robot simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in recent years. In this paper, we propose multi-robot exactly sparse extended information filters algorithm (MRESEIF) to solve Multi-robot SLAM problem. MRESEIF algorithm sets the threshold to divide the features which are observed by robots into two parts. One part of features are used on observation update, while the other one are used on robots relocalization. The simulation data shows that MRESEIF algorithm can solve multi-robot SLAM problem effectively, the oberservation update time and motion update time are kept in constant range, and the accuracy of robot poses is perfect.
Study the Relationship of 3D Coating Morphology and Frictional Wear Based on Dual Surface Image
Authors: Xu Zhong , Zhao Xi Jiang , Xu Wen Ji , Xu Hao Ran , Zhu Meng Lei , Xiao Jun
Published: September 2012

In order to discuss more convenient the relationship of coating morphology and frictional wear in processing, according to the one correspondence of gray image and actual surface topography, this proposed a method of digital image processing. with binary image of different load F and serial rubbings obtained pits distribution rate T and the optimal range in wear resistance. It calculated fractal dimension D based on the Discrete Fractional Brownian Random Field, summarized the osculating relationship of D and surface topography in frictional wear.
Soccer Robot Path Planning Based on Evolutionary Artificial Field
Authors: Liu Zai Xin , Yang Long Xiang , Wang Jin Ge
Published: September 2012

To improve the success rate of Soccer Robot Path Planning, artificial potential field is amended, autonomous potential field is presented to solve the path planning problem by analyzing shortcomings of the basic shooting algorithm, the autonomous potential field function centering on the soccer robot is constructed, and the robot’s movement in the new potential field is analyzed, the modified artificial potential field model and autonomous potential field model is contrasted, each vicinal potential energy of the modified artificial potential field model and autonomous potential field model is analyzed. The simulated results demonstrate that this method can optimize the path of a soccer robot, decrease the complexity, enhance the real time capability, perform the shooting action better, and improve the success rate of a soccer robot shooting a goal.
Research on Key Technologies of Signal Processing in Automobile Performance Virtual Detection System
Authors: Wu Ping
Published: September 2012

Aiming at the shortcoming of test system used in our country and fulfilling the practical need of the enterprise, this paper advances a new method to test vehicle performance based on virtual instruments, studies and builds a new vehicle performance test system based on virtual instrument technique. This paper develops and applies a series of new critical technologies about signal processing. The test proves that the system offers high accuracy and reliability by use of these key technologies and realizes the fully compatible in connection of sensor and second instrument.
Static Strength Test and Analysis of the Hot-Metal Car Frame
Authors: Mao Kun Li , He Jun
Published: September 2012

260T hot-metal car is a huge shape machinery product used in iron and steel plant for the short distance transportation. The work conditions of the hot-metal car are bad, so the reliability of the product structure must be guaranteed. During the structure design, theoretical study and computer simulation analysis of the car frame are taken using the commercial finite element software. The tests for the 260T hot-metal car product are accomplished by using the modern static testing technology to verify the theoretical calculation. The paper describes the test scheme and field test process, extracts the strain and stress value of key points on the car frame and analyses the test data. At last, the test result data are compared with the finite element computation result data, verifying the theoretical calculation.
Roll Eccentricity Phase Identification System
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Yi Qun , Zhang Zeng Wang
Published: September 2012

Roll eccentricity is widespread in the strip mill, has cyclical impact on strip thickness, so disturbance compensation is required to improve the product quality. The key step of disturbance compensation is to obtain reliable roll eccentricity signal. Existing direct measurements of roll eccentricity signal method requires special equipments with high precision but not practical enough. There are few detection methods which including rolling velocity. Roll eccentricity signal is difficult to directly measured, should fuse many kinds of detectable signal to be extracted through the data analysis which includes rolling force, roll gap, incoming thickness of rolled piece, exit thickness, tension, and so on. This paper puts the four high mill as an object, according to the influence of the main factors of roll eccentricity ——backup-roll eccentricity for analysis, develops a Roll Eccentricity Phase Identification System. This system extracts from amplitude of eccentricity signal, combines eccentricity signal’s frequency with phase through roll segmentation marker integrating rolling speed, according to its cyclical change law to achieve the signal calibration by testing amplitude characteristics to determine the phase of roll eccentricity of the current rolling area. After determining the signal phase, detect the phase of eccentricity signal according to integration of rolling speed, and through phase detection to ensure the reliability of the detectable phase. This system is verified by the experiment in four high mill, the results show that the method of phase detection of eccentricity is effective, it provides a simple and effective new way for the phase extraction of roll eccentricity signal, and can used in similar condition.
Grinding Performance Evaluation of the Developed Chemo-Mechanical Grinding (CMG) Tools for Sapphire Substrate
Authors: Dong Zhi Gang , Gao Shang , Zhou P. , Kang Ren Ke , Guo Dong Ming
Published: September 2012

In order to improve the surface quality of sapphire substrates ground by diamond wheel, the chemo-mechanical grinding (CMG) tools for sapphire grinding was investigated in this paper. According to the processing principle of CMG, three CMG tools with different abrasives of SiO2, Fe2O3 and MgO were developed respectively. The compositions of the CMG tools were designed and optimized based on the physicochemical characteristics of sapphire. The grinding experiments were performed with the developed CMG tools and the grinding performance of three kind of tools were evaluated by comparing the surface roughness and the MRR of sapphire. The experiment results show that the grinding performance of SiO2 CMG tool was worst. The surface roughness and MRR corresponding to SiO2 CMG tool were all significantly poorer than Fe2O3 and MgO CMG tools. The highest MRR could be obtained by Fe2O3 CMG tool, but the best surface quality was obtained by MgO CMG tool.
Industrial Application of the MCG (Minimum Coolant Grinding) Technology
Authors: Pombo Inigo , Sánchez Jose Antonio , García E. , Ortega N. , Izquierdo B. , Plaza Soraya
Published: September 2012

The use of fluids in grinding is necessary to carry out an optimized process that avoids any kind of damage in the ground workpieces. However, the use of fluids in machining processes presents some problems as the economic one and the environmental one. The present work analyzes the industrial viability of a new solution to avoid the use of fluids in grinding, the MCG system. This system combines the use of a MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubricant) commercial system and a gas supplied at low temperatures. In this case the grinding of a component of the engine of a competition motorcycle with the MCG (Minimum Coolant Grinding) system is compared with the classic fluid flow system.
The Characteristics of High-Speed Cylindrical Grinding of Silicon Carbide and its Influence on the Surface Layer
Authors: Ni Jia Ming , Li Bei Zhi , Pang Jing Zhu
Published: September 2012

There has been increased interest in the use of advanced ceramic materials such as silicon carbide in the recent past, due to its unique physical and mechanical properties. However, the increase of the machining rate relies on the understanding of material removal mechanism on the microstructural scale and the relationship between the grinding characteristics and formation of surface/subsurface machining-induced damage. In this paper, grinding characteristics and surface integrity of SiC ground with diamond wheel on cylindrical grinding machine have been investigated. The grinding chip and the ground surface damage have been studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM). In particular the residual stress distribution has been analyzed by a single exposure technique d - sin2 (Ψ) method with the aid of powder X-ray diffractometer.
Design of Ultrasonic Horn for Grinding Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Choi Young Jae , Park Kyung Hee , Hong Yun Hyuck , Kim Kyeong Tae , Lee Seok Woo , Choi Hon Jong
Published: September 2012

In this paper, a ultrasonic horn, which can vibrate longitudinally with a frequency of 20㎑, was designed using finite element method (FEM). And the ultrasonic horn was fabricated for ultrasonic assisted grinding. To evaluate machining performance of the fabricated ultrasonic horn, grinding test was conducted on alumina ceramic (Al2O3). In the grinding test, grinding forces was measured and compared between the conventional grinding and the ultrasonic assisted grinding. The results showed that the grinding force in the ultrasonic grinding was lowered than the conventional grindign by 3~20%.
Effects of Ultrasonic Frequencies on Grinding Force of Nano-Composite Ceramics Based on Nonlocal Theory
Authors: Zhao Bo , Bian Ping Yan , Li Yu
Published: September 2012

Based on nonlocal theory, The effects of ultrasonic frequencies on the grinding force and nonlocal decay rate are obtained through the experimental study of material properties under ultrasonic vibration grinding test. The results of experiments showed that grinding force is attenuated in the ultrasonic vibration frequency ranges and this attenuation phenomenon becomes more and more evident by the increase of the ultrasonic frequencies. Through analysis of the grinding surface morphology and phase structure, it showed that ultrasonic vibration greatly reduces the average grinding force, and the surface quality are improved, and that it is much easier to achieve ductile-mode machining under ultrasonic vibration. The results of experiments are in accordance with the analysis of nonlocal theory.
Experimental Research on Surface Roughness of Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding in Face Grinding Process
Authors: Zhang Fei Hu , Liu L.F. , Li Chun Hui
Published: September 2012

In this paper, the principle of ultrasonic assisted grinding is introduced. Experiments have been done to reveal the effect of different parameters(including feed rate, spindle speed, grinding depth, vibration amplitude on surface roughness of K9 glass both in ultrasonic assisted grinding and conventional grinding. The experiment results show that in face grinding process, the surface roughness of ultrasonic assisted grinding is worse than that of conventional grinding.
Experimental Research on Dry Grinding of Titanium Alloy with Graphite Coated Brazed cBN Mounted Wheel
Authors: Wu Jie , Chen Yan , Fu Yu Can , Ding Lan Ying , Chen Kai
Published: September 2012

During dry grinding of titanium alloy, workpiece burn and chips adhesion phenomenon always takes place, which influences the surface quality of the machined components. In this paper, the solid lubricants, composed of graphite and polyvinyl butyral, are covered on the brazed cubic boron nitride (cBN) mounted wheels using the ultrasonic vibration method. Test of grinding of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is carried out with the above tools. Comparative dry grinding tests are carried out to reveal the performance this new-type abrasive tools. Experimental study shows that the grinding temperature with the cBN grinding mounted wheels covered by graphite is lower than that of non-lubricant-covered wheels; the grinding surface with the cBN mounted wheels covered by graphite is remarkably improved with a roughness Ra lower than 1.5 μm. And graphite lubricant participates in grinding operation constantly.
Thermal Characteristics Analysis of Liquid Hybrid Bearing on Ultra-High Speed Grinding
Authors: Wang Xue Zhi , Yu Tian Biao , Song Ya Hong , Wang Wan Shan
Published: September 2012

The carrying of Liquid hybrid bearing for ultra-high speed grinding is complex. The oil film temperature distribution in different input state is obtained through CFD analysis by FLUENT. On this basis, the temperature characteristics laws of the oil film with the input parameters change were obtained. Analysis shows that the relationships of oil film temperature with spindle speed and eccentricity are directly proportional and super linear, the relationship of oil film temperature with oil supply pressure is inverse ratio and the relationship with oil supply temperature is approximation directly proportional to the linear. Finally the significant of the various input parameters are analyzed through the orthogonal test. The results show that the effect of spindle speed is most significantly.
Influence of Lapping Parameters on 6H-SiC Crystal Substrate (0001) C Surface Based on Diamond Particle
Authors: Su Jian Xiu , Liu Xing Long , Zhang Zhu Qing , Liu Zhi Xiang
Published: September 2012

The SiC crystal substrate has been widely used in the area of microelectronics, photonics and new materials, such as semiconductor lighting, integrated circuits, and so on. In this paper, the influences of the lapping parameters, such as the rotational velocity of the lapping platen and the carrier and the polishing pressure on the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness Ra of SiC crystal substrate (0001) C surface based on the diamond particle in lapping. This study results will provide the reference for developing the abrasive paste, optimizing the process parameters and researching the material removal mechanism in lapping of SiC crystal substrate.
Surface Roughness as a Function of Work Done by Tangential Force in Magneto-Rheological Finishing
Authors: Kum Chun Wai , Sato Takashi , Wan Stephen
Published: September 2012

This paper shows the derivation of a proposed process equation for surface roughness change during magneto-rheological finishing (MRF), where surface roughness is expressed as a function of work done by the tangential force. By expressing surface roughness as a function of the work done, the equation enables real-time prediction of surface roughness change during an MRF process from the input of real-time force data. Experiments were carried out to verify the validity of the proposed equation for different tool revolution speed and different tool-to-surface gap. It was found that there is a strong correlation between surface roughness and work done for the said variation of experimental conditions. The theoretical roughness curves generated from the proposed process equation also fit the experimental data reasonably well.
Effect of the Grain Depth of Cut on Cross Sectional Profile - Theoretical Analysis of Ground Surface Roughness
Authors: Yoshihara Nobuhito , Murakami Hiroaki , Nishikawa Naohiro , Mizuno Masahiro , Iyama Toshirou
Published: September 2012

Roughness is important criterion of ground surface. When the surface roughness is demanded to be smooth, it is required to make the grinding conditions optimum. To optimize the grinding conditions, relationship between grinding conditions and ground surface roughness must be known. Therefore, it has been attempted to reveal the effect of grinding conditions on the roughness of ground surface over the years. From previous researches, it becomes possible to estimate the ground surface roughness with statistical grinding theory. However, there are some parameters, such as wheel depth of cut and distribution of abrasive grain, are not factored in the theory. In this paper, fundamental research on cross sectional profile is carried out to consider the relationship between the wheel depth of cut and ground surface roughness.
An Experimental Study of the Abrasive Water Jet Micro-Machining Process for Quartz Crystals
Authors: Qi H. , Fan J.M. , Wang Jun
Published: September 2012

An experimental study of the machining process for micro-channels on a brittle quartz crystal material by an abrasive slurry jet (ASJ) is presented. A statistical experiment design considering the major process variables is conducted, and the machined surface morphology and channelling performance are analysed to understand the micro-machining process. It is found that a good channel top edge appearance and bottom surface quality without wavy patterns can be achieved by employing relatively small particles at shallow jet impact angles. The major channel performance measures, i.e. material removal rate (MRR) and channel depth, are then discussed with respect to the process parameters. It shows that with a proper control of the process variables, the abrasive water jet (AWJ) technology can be used for the micro-machining of brittle materials with high quality and productivity.
A 3D Simulation on Fluid Field at the Impact Zone of Abrasive Water Jet under Different Impact Angles
Authors: Lv Zhe , Huang Chuan Zhen , Wang Jun , Zhu Hong Tao , Che Cui Lian
Published: September 2012

Having an insight on the fluid field in AWJ machining is of important significance but the direct observation and measurement can be hardly implemented. Thus a 3D simulation of the fluid field in AWJ has been undertaken using FLUENT 6.3. The pressure and velocity distribution results on the impacted surface under different impact angle conditions are acquired and analyzed. The influence of the impact angle on the characteristics such as the symmetry of the distribution, position of the maximum value and the stagnation effect is highly concerned. In addition, an experiment under the similar conditions of the simulation is conducted and the results are compared with that of the simulation.
Press Cutting Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Using Knife Edge Tool
Authors: Nakanishi Eitoku , Maki Seijiro , Aoki Makoto
Published: September 2012

The hand tools for cutting plastic pipe are very useful. However, these tools require the user to exert enormous amounts of power. In order to improve the cutting performance of hand tools, we investigated the relationships among the geometry of the cutting tool, the distance between the supports of the plastic pipe, and the cutting force. We manufactured a special device for measuring the force required for cutting. Because the cross section of plastic pipe is not uniform, the cutting force does not remain constant and exhibits large peaks at the initial and the final stages of cutting. It is found that the cutting force increases with the increases of the angle of the tool edge or with the increases of radius of the tool tip. In addition, the friction force is a major component of the cutting force during the entire cutting process, and the frictional coefficient is greatly affected by the grinding direction of the tool.
A Study of Deep-Hole Machining of Stainless Steel with Small-Diameter Drill
Authors: Masuta Yoshiyuki , Okuda Koichi , Shizuka Hiroo , Nunobiki Masayuki
Published: September 2012

This paper describes an influence of the cutting condition on the tool performance and the hole shape accuracy in a deep-hole machining of stainless steel with small-diameter drill. The drilling tests were carried out by changing the feed, tool diameter and drill length in order to investigate the appropriate cutting conditions for drilling the holes with deep depth. The results indicate that the increase of the thrust force leads to the buckling of the drill and the work hardening of the workpiece causes the tool failure.
Proposal of Purification Method of Grinding Coolant by Dissolution of Micro-Bubbles
Authors: Sakamoto Haruhisa , Tsubakiyama Hitoshi , Takeishi Masaki
Published: September 2012

In this study, the purification method of coolant by the micro-bubble dissolution is proposed. The micro-bubble dissolving device with the simple configuration is incorporated within the coolant supply system of an external grinding machine, and then, the effect of the purification method is examined experimentally on the ground surface roughness. From the results, the following are clarified: The dissolved micro-bubbles can rise up grinding debris by electrical adsorption, and then, the debris is concentrated on the coolant surface in the coolant tank. By this effect, the grinding debris, especially the grain fragments of the grinding-wheel, can be removed from the coolant. The coolant purification by the enough dissolved micro-bubbles reduces the density of grinding debris down to a fourth of the initial condition. This purification effect improves the ground surface roughness. The longer the dissolving duration is, the more the ground surface roughness is improved. Eventually, the improvement of the surface roughness reaches down to a half of that without the micro-bubble dissolution.
Filter-Less Purification of a Water-Soluble Coolant by Using PGA Based Flocculants and Microbubbles
Authors: Ninomiya Shinichi , Komuro Keita , Iwai Manabu , Suzuki Kiyoshi
Published: September 2012

In grinding processes, water-soluble working fluid is in heavy usage to maintain and improve a grinding performance. In this paper, effects of the water quality (soft or hard) were studied in a new filter-less purification system using commercially available Polyglutamic acid based flocculants and the microbubble coolant at the same time. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the collection rate of the suspended matters by the magnetic adsorption removal for the hard water became lower compared to the soft water, due to the Ca component contained in rich. It has also been made clear that by removing the suspended matters in the fluid flocked by the flocculant using the magnetic adsorption method and overflowing the residue with the microbubbles after that, the collection rate of the suspended matters in the soft water fluid would become higher than 99%. In the case of the hard water as well, improvement of the collection rate by the microbubbles was confirmed.
Improving Tool Wear Resistance in Steel Cutting by Textured Surface and its Mechanism
Authors: Sugihara Tatsuya , Enomoto Toshiyuki , Yukinaga Satoshi
Published: September 2012

In the cutting processes, improvements of anti-adhesive properties and wear resistance of cutting tools are strongly required for increasing a cutting tool life. In order to meet these requirements, we adopted surface engineering approach, namely, a functionalization of tool surfaces by textures. In our previous researches, we have developed two types of cutting tool with textured surface, namely, cutting tool with nano/micro textured surface and cutting tool with micro stripe textured surface, in the hopes of improving anti-adhesive properties in cutting of aluminum alloys. As a result, we have clarified that the developed tools significantly decrease chip adhesion on the tool surface by a series of face milling experiments for aluminum alloys. In this paper, the previously developed tools with textured surfaces were applied to the cutting of steel material (S53C) and the wear resistances of the textured surfaces were evaluated. As a result, it was found that the micro stripe texture improves the wear resistance significantly. Moreover, the mechanism of improving wear resistance by the textured surface was also discussed.
Micro-Structuring on Cylindrical Inner Surface Using Whirling Electrical Discharge Texturing
Authors: Lertphokanont Vitchuda , Sato Takayuki , Ota Minoru , Yamaguchi Keishi , Egashira Kai
Published: September 2012

The authors developed Whirling Electrical Discharge Texturing (WEDT) in order to reduce friction coefficient of cylinder-shaped parts. In previous research, the authors verified fundamental characteristics of WEDT by observation of textured surface. It was found that a crater shape and texture-area ratio can be controlled by WEDT. The texture-area ratio depends on feed speed of tool electrode. In this research, crater depth, crater diameter, texture area ratio and total removal volume of craters were investigated to confirm characteristics of WEDT in detail. In addition, tungsten wire was used as a whirling shaft in order to improve stability of whirling phenomenon. Moreover, a textured surface was finished by lapping-film in order to remove protrusions around craters and reduce friction coefficient. As a result, it was verified that the texture-area ratio slightly increased with decreasing feed speed and it was confirmed that crater depth, crater diameter, and total removal volume of craters were also related to feed speed.
Development of Al2O3/TiCN Ceramic Composite Cutting Tool and Research on its Milling Performance
Authors: Zou Ping , Yang Xu Lei , Li Cong Yun , Tian Wen Yuan , Chen Li Jie
Published: September 2012

In this paper, ceramic composite materials for the milling tools have been developed by the hot pressing method. High performance Al2O3/TiCN ceramic composite materials were obtained successfully by adjusting the containing amount of Al2O3 and TiCN as the base material and the reinforcements in the ceramic composite materials, and optimizing the sintering process parameters. Moreover, the microstructure and mechanical property of this material was discussed. In addition, this new developed ceramic composite material was made into insert and its milling performance tests were carried out. The machining performance of the insert is better than carbide inserts when milling a hardened carbon steel.
Ball-End Milling of Cr12MoV Die Steel Using Ceramic Tool and Cements Carbide Tool
Authors: Zou Bin , Huang Chuan Zhen , Liu Zi Ye , Zhuang Xin Qiang , Wang Jun
Published: September 2012

Ball-end milling of Cr12MoV die steel was studied using ceramic and cemented carbide inserts under different cutting conditions. The cutting forces, wear patterns and chip patterns generated using the different cutting tools at the different cutting conditions were investigated using a three component piezoelectric dynamometer and VHX-600E large depth-of-view 3-D scanner. The relationships among the cutting forces, wear patterns and chip patterns were discussed. The results indicated that the cutting forces caused by the ceramic insert were slightly lower than those caused by the cemented carbide insert under the same cutting conditions. For ceramic inserts, effects of cutting conditions on the rake face wear were different from those on the flank wear. The higher wear for the ceramic insert was caused at the lower cutting conditions but the higher wear for the cemented carbide insert was encountered at the higher cutting conditions. The squeezed chip was involved with the higher cutting forces. The sharper cutting edge of the cemented carbide insert was responsible for chip patterns caused by the No. I cutting condition. The effects of cutting conditions on wear patterns were more evident than that on chip patterns.
Mechanical Behavior of Single Crystal Copper for Different Shearing Directions
Authors: Kano Seisuke , Korenaga Atsushi
Published: September 2012

The mechanical behavior of the surface of metals is strongly affected by surface fracture occurring in the process of mechanical shearing, especially in shaper-type cutting performed for the application of ultra-fine optical manufacturing and several types of nanotechnology. This discussion aims to elucidate the tribological behavior of pure Cu. In ultra-precise cutting, the physics of crystallographic interfaces is extremely important for controlling surface fracture behavior. In this study, surface fracture behavior was evaluated using single crystal copper cut in two different directions (along the (100) and (111) planes). For V-shaped groove cutting, the flat copper surface was cut with a diamond-tip cutting tool (with a V angle of 90°, a rake angle of 0°, and an escape angle of 7°) at a machining speed of 4-4000 mm/min and a cutting depth of 0.2-10 m. The machined surface was observed with a laser scanning microscope and compared with two groove shapes, in which the cutting grooves in the two cutting directions were found to be different. This result was considered to depend on whether the cutting tool moved along the slip planes {111}, which are oriented in the direction. In the case of shallow cutting (under 1 m), the springback behavior became apparent for cutting in the slip plane direction, where the mechanism of this behavior would be associated with the interface between slip-plane fractures created by the cutting tool.