bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reducing Diabetes Mellitus Incidence: A Prediabetes Progression Reduction Approach
Authors: Gborienemi S Dr. George , Jerry A. Ombor
Published: May 2022

The critical nature of the narrow window between Prediabetes and Diabetes and a possible progressive transformation were the prompting for this research. 300 out- patients visiting 3 hospitals in Yenagoa city of Bayelsa State, Nigeria were the subjects. By adopting enzymatic and spectrophotometric methods, fasting blood glucose samples collected were estimated and evaluated along with some other parameters. Results show that 45(15%) fall within the Prediabetic range (6.0-9.0mmol/l); 30(10%) were Diabetic (>10.0mmol/l); 213(71%) were within normal reference range (3.5-5.5mmol/l), while 12(4%) had glucose values compatible with hypoglycemia (2.0-3.3mmol/l). Considering positive and negative factors that can influence progression to the diabetic state, we suggest aggressive monitoring model to avert the transformation from prediabetes to diabetes and reduce both the disease prevalence, burden and lethality.
The Function of Amino Acid Transporters in Plant
Authors: Peng Bo , Zhang Qing-Xi , Wang et. al. Duan
Published: May 2022

Amino acids are a kind of nutrient element necessary for plant growth and development. Through the participation of amino acid transporters, the transport of amino acids between aboveground and underground parts of plants and the loading of amino acids from xylem to phloem can be completed. At present, many genes encoding plant amino acid transporters have been isolated and cloned, but little is known about the functions of different amino acid transporters and their effects on plants. Therefore, this paper reviewed the role of amino acid transporters in plants from three aspects: the classification, isolation, and cloning of amino acid transporters genes and the functional research of amino acid transporters, to provide references for the utilization of amino acid transporters in plants.
The Active Policy of Ukrainian Youth Employment
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Makhsma M. B. , Chub O. V. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman
Published: May 2022

This article generalizes the arguments and counterarguments within the framework of the scientific discussion on the issue of increasing the level of employment of young people in Ukraine by increasing the students’ motivation for employment and developing professional and social skills demanded by the market. The main purpose of the research is to assess the current state of the youth segment of the labor market and determine the directions of intensification of youth employment policy in the face of challenges of the present time. A systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem of youth employment showed that the use of sociological survey methods is effective in analyzing employment problems. The relevance of solving the problem of youth employment lies in the matter that this category of the population belongs to the vulnerable ones, which is manifested in the highest level of its unemployment. The study of the problem of youth employment in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: the existing statistical base of indicators of labor force, employment, youth unemployment is analyzed; the results of a sociological survey of working student youth are studied; the main features of the portrait of a modern working student are identified, and the reasons for the low motivation of a certain stratum of students to employment are determined. Based on the analysis, measures to promote youth employment are proposed. The object of the research is the able-bodied population of Ukraine aged 15–35 years, in particular, age groups 15–24 years and 25–30 years. The article presents current measures to intensify youth employment in the face of present time challenges, in particular, it proposes a wider involvement of employers in improving the quality of labor training, increasing the students’ motivation for employment, developing social competencies among young professionals to ensure their competitiveness, etc. The results of the research can be useful for substantiating managerial decisions on improving the quality of training of young professionals and to promote the level of youth employment.
RSO as a Way to Organize Primary Account Data: The Fiscal Aspect
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Loboda N. O. , Chabaniuk O. М. ,   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Spodaryk T. I. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: May 2022

The processes of production and application of the registrar of settlement operations (RSO) in the field of cash circulation and settlement operations are very much relevant, because in the context of an increase in the amount of information processed by enterprises, the question arises about the speed, quality and accuracy of accounting, reporting and analysis of the results of activities and control over its implementation by regulatory authorities. Of particular importance are studies of the use of RSO as one of the means of regulating money circulation by economic entities for making effective managerial decisions and for the control of both monetary operations and circulation of goods, carried out by regulatory authorities. The article is aimed at assessing the state of application of RSO as one of the means of regulating money circulation by economic entities, as well as determining their advantages, disadvantages, types and main points of implementation. The article investigates the theory and practice of introducing RSO into the activities of economic entities. The concept of the registrar of settlement operations as one of the means of regulating money circulation is distinguished. A comprehensive assessment of the types of RSO as of 2021 is carried out; the term of use, the cost of introduction and the functional purpose of the RSO are analyzed; appropriate generalizations and conclusions are made. The necessity of introducing RSO into the work of economic entities is substantiated, their main advantages and significant disadvantages are highlighted. A SWOT-analysis of the application by economic entities of the software registrar of settlement operations (SRSO) as one of the most optimal variants of RSO, which will allow to legalize a significant share of the turnover and financial flows of the State, is carried out.
Assessing the Impact of Anti-Inflationary Instruments on Price Stability
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Ponomarenko O. O. , Lisna I. F. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Lesnaya O. S. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute "Institute of Public Administration" of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the peculiarities of theoretical-methodological and scientific-applied aspects of the formation of anti-inflationary policy as a component of economic stabilization in the current conditions of economic development. The results of the study show that the category of «anti-inflationary policy» most often appears in the context of the following categories: inflation, politics, governmental regulation, macroeconomic stability and macroeconomic policy. As a result of the decomposition of scientific and methodological approaches to the definition of anti-inflationary policy as an economic category, anti-inflationary policy is considered as a form of macroeconomic policy functionally aimed at regulating inflationary processes. Since achieving economic growth has economic stability at its foundation, anti-inflationary policies should be seen as an integral element of sustainable progress towards transformation, i.e. anti-inflationary policy is a stabilization measure at the macroeconomic level. A retrospective analysis of instruments for achieving price stability shows that the most common and efficient instrument for regulating the exchange rate are currency interventions. Regarding the regulation of consumer prices, it is possible to note the systematic use of currency exchange rate support instruments, a balanced change in prices for tariffs and services which is regulated by the administration
The Methodological Provisions of Financial Regulation of the Development of the Processing Fruit and Vegetable Industry
Authors:   National Scientific Center «Institute of Agrarian Economics» of NAAS of Ukraine, Pasichnyk Y. V. , Lomako E. P. ,   Cherkasy State Technological University, Strikhovskyi D. M. ,   National Scientific Center «Institute of Agrarian Economics» of NAAS of Ukraine
Published: May 2022

The article is aimed at identifying the peculiarities of the functioning of the processing fruit and vegetable industry in the postmodern era and the formation of methodological provisions for its further development. To form these provisions, scientific approaches are used, which include: substantiation of the theoretical basis of methodological provisions; analysis of industrial production during 2003-2020, as well as exports and imports of processed fruit and vegetable products; assessment of potential opportunities for these products; development of a structural scheme of these provisions. According to the analysis of the total production volumes of processed fruit and vegetable products and the dynamics of export-import operations of these products for 2019-2020 significant disparities are identified and it is indicated that their dynamics are unstable, with significant fluctuations, which confirms the general trends in the functioning of the processing fruit and vegetable industry. Particularly unfavorable tendencies are manifested in the increase in imports of individual canned vegetables, juices, fruits, berries, jam, marmalade. Attention is focused on the fact that it is not possible to maintain a positive tendency towards a permanent increase in export supplies of canned tomatoes without vinegar and juices of fruits and berries. A significant result of the research is the development of a structural scheme of methodological provisions of the financial regulation of the development of the processing fruit and vegetable industry, taking into account the identified characteristics of the postmodern era; potential opportunities for producers of agricultural products and processing enterprises; coordination of efforts of the relevant ministry, territorial communities and other organizations. According to the results of the research, it is concluded that it is advisable to increase funding from the State Budget of Ukraine of this industry sector and continue scientific researches for the formation of methodological provisions and the development of recommendations for financing schemes in favor of this industry.
Management of a Commercial Bank on the Basis of Client Orientation
Authors:   University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications, Tardaskina T. M. , Stankevych I. V. ,   University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications, Sakun H. O. ,   University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological aspects of managing a modern commercial bank using a client-oriented approach. As a result of the study, the most reliable commercial banks were evaluated according to the National Bank of Ukraine, namely: JSC «Raiffeisen Bank», JSC «UkrSibbank» and JSC «Credit Agricole Bank», among which JSC «Credit Agricole Bank» was identified as the most client-oriented commercial bank. It is a veritably reliable bank with foreign capital that steadily increases its client base and its market share, paying special attention to the categories of clients such as middle-class and agricultural area, effectively managing risk and profit. The authors came to the conclusion that the introduction of a client-oriented strategy ensures sales growth, lower costs for attracting new clients, increasing cross-sales, strengthening market positions, profit growth. The work identifies and substantiates practical recommendations for the formation of a modern client-oriented attractive commercial bank. The study considers such components as: organization structure, format of branches, corporate culture, qualification of staff, its attitude to the client, information and computer support, communication with the client, image, reputation of the bank, quality of services. It is proposed to segment the client base into separate groups of clients, which are the directions of further research by the authors of the article. This approach will allow to assess the possibilities of mutually beneficial cooperation with different groups of clients, define the profile of clients to determine the optimal way to promote a banking product/services, differentiate the price of banking products/services for various clients.
Adaptive Management of Innovative Development of Transport Enterprises
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Osypova Y. L.
Published: May 2022

The article is aimed at defining the main factors of the external and internal environment of transport enterprises for the formation of recommendations for adaptive management of innovative development. The process of self-development is continuous and complicated by the novel market challenges, since the enterprise as a socioeconomic system exchanges with the environment. This exchange is constantly accompanied by bursts of uncertainty and generates risks that require adaptation measures depending on the stage of the life cycle of the enterprise. The efficiency of adaptive management of business processes depends on the ability of enterprises to respond in advance and rationally to changes and risks through the implementation of adaptation measures. Adaptation processes are accompanied by complexity and multivariate implementation. Therefore, their implementation is based on a clearly defined goal and principles, the type and functional field of adaptation, the definition of methods and approaches to implementation, which guarantees the effectiveness of the application of adaptation measures and, as a result, innovative development. Therefore, the relevant task for transport enterprises is the introduction of adaptive management, in order to ensure the identification, regulation and smoothing of factors, risks and crisis manifestations generated by the environment, which will determine its survival in a highly competitive environment. The key component of the innovative development of transport enterprises is the formation of a logistics chain based on a logistics-outsourcing platform that will provide comprehensive diagnostics on an ongoing basis and the development of the most effective adaptation measures, which will include improving the efficiency of the use of production and labor resources, harmonizing interests with environmental entities, preserving or expanding market positions, which may be accompanied, among other things, with reorganization processes of the enterprise structure.
Grade Inflation in Language and Translation Courses at Saudi Schools and Universities
Authors: Al-Jarf Reima
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the status of grade inflation in language and translation courses in Saudi Arabia. Analysis of the pass rates and percentages of students who obtained Grades A+, A, B+ and B in 70 English language skills and translation college courses, in addition to the English course scores of students in grades 1 to 11 at a private school, showed evidence of grade inflation at the school and college levels as revealed by the high pass rates and high percentages of students obtaining Grades A+, A, B+ and B in most courses. Responses to a questionnaire-survey by a sample of schoolteachers and language and translation college instructors showed several factors contributing to grade inflation such as: school and university administrators’ tendency to raise students’ marks and course grades and exercising pressure over instructors to pass the students. There are misconceptions about educational quality. Administrators correlate high quality with high pass rates, regardless of the learning outcomes. Instructors worry about students and parents’ complaints if some students fail. They worry about being investigated and about losing their job. Instructors would like to be liked by the students, be popular and get good ratings on the students’ course evaluation forms. Instructors give easy questions and are lenient in grading. Exam results do not reflect individual differences and distinctions. The grading system produces a high pass rate as 60% of the course marks are allocated to attendance, assignments, quizzes, and class work. Exams focus on a small portion of the course/textbook material. Many course topics are not covered by the tests. Tests contain few easy questions that measure rote memorization and recall rather than higher-level thinking skills. Prior to exams, students enrolled in General English courses are given practice tests with similar questions to the final exam (in form and content). Hence, students know what to expect on the final exam. The study gives some recommendations for combating grade inflation at Saudi schools and universities.
The Attitudes of English as Foreign Language Undergraduates towards Learning Basic Writing Skills through the Using of Blackboard at the University of Tabuk
Authors: Al Khotaba Eissa
Published: May 2022

This study aims at examining the attitudes of English as a foreign language undergraduates’ towards learning basic writing skills through using Blackboard at the University of Tabuk for the academic year 2022/2023. The sample included 30 undergraduates selected purposively. It was distributed over two groups each 15 undergraduates (experimental and control groups). The theoretical framework of the study was based on Tubaishat and Lansari‘s (2011) Model of E-learning. The researcher used SPSS (Version.26) for data analysis. Findings showed statistically significant differences at level (0, 05) for the means of the achievement test for the two groups in favor of the experimental group that was taught using blackboard. Also, findings revealed statistical significance differences at level (0, 05) in developing the correlation between English as foreign language undergraduates towards basic writing skills as a result of the use of blackboard. This research recommends that the blackboard be activated in teaching all the subjects because of its positive effect on the achievement of the faculty members and developing their attitudes towards teaching English as a foreign language.
Systemic blood pressure response to the inhibition of two hyperpolarizing pathways: a comparison to NO-synthase inhibition
Authors: Gerová M , Kittová M
Published: May 2022

The impact on blood pressure of two vasodilating mechanisms, underlied by vascular smooth muscle hyperpolarization, was studied and compared to that induced by nitric oxide NO mechanism. Systemic blood pressure, after inhibitory intervention in arachidonic acid metabolism cytochrome P-450 inhibition by miconazole 0.5 mg/100 g b.w. , one of the hyperpolarizing pathways, did not change. After the inhibition of the action voltage-dependent K(+) channels operator by 4-aminopyridine 0.1 mg/100 g b.w. , the other hyperpolarizing pathway, blood pressure declined slightly from 132.3+/-3.2 mm Hg to 116.5+/-5.0 mm Hg, P<0.05 . Inhibition of nitric oxide production L-NAME 5 mg/100 g b.w. increased blood pressure considerably 123.5+/-2.7 mm Hg to 155.4+/-3.1 mm Hg, P<0.001 . After inhibition of the hyperpolarizing pathway by miconazole, hypotension induced by acetylcholine (Ach, 10 microg represented 63.0+/-1.9 mm Hg vs control value 78.6+/-5.2 mm Hg P<0.001 , by bradykinin (BK) 100 microg 59.4+/-3.9 mm Hg vs control value 71.2+/-6.1 mm Hg P<0.05 . After inhibition of the hyperpolarizing pathway by 4-aminopyridine, hypotension induced by ACh 10 microg achieved 64.6+/-2.5 mm Hg vs control value 78.4+/-2.8 mm Hg P<0.001 and that induced by BK 100 microg 56.6+/-5.3 mm Hg vs control value 72.3+/-2.5 mm Hg P<0.001 . ACh or BK hypotension after the inhibition of the above hyperpolarizing pathways was significantly attenuated. On the contrary, after NO-synthase inhibition the hypotension to ACh was significantly enhanced. Blood pressure decrease after ACh 10 microg hypotension was 91.8+/-4.1 mm Hg vs control value 79.3+/-3.3 mm Hg P<0.01 , and after BK 100 microg it was 78.4+/-7.1 mm Hg vs control value 68.3+/-5.2 mm Hg. A different basal BP response, but equally attenuated hypotension to Ach and BK, was detected after the inhibition of two selected hyperpolarizing pathways. In cotrast, the inhibition of NO production elicited an increase in systemic BP and augmentation of ACh and BK hypotension. The effectiveness of further hyperpolarizing mechanisms in relation to systemic BP regulation and nitric oxide level remains open.
Photoperiodic regulation of PER1 and PER2 protein expression in rat peripheral tissues
Authors: Bendová Z , Sumová A
Published: May 2022

Circadian oscillations in biological variables in mammals are controlled by a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus which coordinates circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues. The molecular clockwork responsible for this rhythmicity consists of several clock genes and their corresponding proteins that compose interactive feedback loops. In the SCN, two of the genes, Per1 and Per2, show circadian rhythmicity in their expression and protein production. This SCN rhythmicity is modified by the length of daylight, i.e. the photoperiod. The aim of the present study was to find out whether profiles of PER1 and PER2 proteins in peripheral organs are also affected by the photoperiod. Rats were maintained under a long photoperiod with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness per day (LD 16:8) and under a short, LD 8:16, photoperiod. The PER1 and PER2 daily profiles were measured in peripheral organs by Western blotting. The photoperiod affected significantly the PER1 profile in livers and the PER2 profile in lungs and hearts. In lungs, PER2 in the cytoplasmic, but not in the nuclear fraction, was affected significantly. The effect of the photoperiod on PER1 profiles in peripheral organs appears to differ from that in the SCN.
Properties of a potassium channel in the basolateral membrane of renal proximal convoluted tubule and the effect of cyclosporine on it
Authors: Ye B , Liu Y , Zhang Y
Published: May 2022

We studied the potassium channel in the basolateral membrane of the rat proximal convoluted tubule as affected by cyclosporine A. Proximal convoluted tubules were dissected from the rat kidney under a stereoscopic microscope, without a preliminary enzyme treatment. The standard configuration for single-channel tight seal patch-clamp technique was used to record channel currents. A small conductance, stretch-sensitive potassium channel could be observed spontaneously in most of the cell-attached patches as the gigaohm seal was formed. In the inside-out configuration, channel activity was diminished. The K(+) channel appeared to be an inward rectifier. The limiting inward slope conductance was 28.3+/-1.7 pS (Vp was between 40 mV and 80 mV, n=6) and the outward chord conductance was 5.6+/-0.3 pS (Vp was between -40 and -60 mV, n=5). The open dwell time constants of the potassium channel were 0.524 ms and 5.087 ms, while the closed dwell time constants were 1.029 ms and 16.500 ms. The opening probability of the channel decreased when the extracellular fluid was acidified. Cyclosporine A had no significant effect on the potassium channel of the proximal tubular cell in the basolateral membrane at concentrations of 10 and 50 microg/ml, while at 100 microg/ml, it decreased the opening probability.
Assessment of brown adipose tissue activity in rats by 99mTc-sestamibi uptake
Authors: Kyparos D , Arsos G , Georga S , Petridou A , Kyparos A , Papageorgiou E , Mougios V , Matziari C , Karakatsanis C
Published: May 2022

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) physiology and imaging have recently attracted considerable attention. BAT is characterized both by enhanced perfusion and increased mitochondrial activity. (99m)Tc-sestamibi is a lipophilic cationic tracer that concentrates in mitochondria. Data on the accumulation of (99m)Tc-sestamibi in BAT are currently lacking. This study investigates the in vivo (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake in rat BAT. (99m)Tc-sestamibi was administered in male Wistar rats of various age and body size. (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake was measured in vitro in BAT and white fat (WF) together with cytochrome c oxidase activity. Both (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake and cytochrome c oxidase activity were higher in BAT than in WF (P<0.05). (99m)Tc-Sestamibi uptake in both BAT and WF was negatively related to body weight (r = -0.96 and -0.89, respectively) as was the BAT/WF uptake ratio (r = -0.85). These data show a higher (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake in BAT compared to WF, in agreement with the high mitochondrial content and respiratory activity of the former. The strong negative correlation between (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake in BAT and body weight (negative allometry), is in accordance to increased needs of thermogenesis in smaller animals. Implications of increased (99m)Tc-sestamibi uptake in BAT in radionuclide imaging are also discussed.
Enzymatic urea adaptation: lactate and malate dehydrogenase in Elasmobranchii
Authors: Laganà G , Bellocco E , Mannucci C , Leuzzi U , Tellone E , Kotyk A , Galtieri A
Published: May 2022

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) electrophoretic tissue patterns of two different orders of Elasmobranchii: Carchariniformes (Galeus melanostomus and Prionace glauca) and Squaliformes (Etmopterus spinax and Scymnorinus licha) were studied. The number of loci expressed for these enzymes was the same of other elasmobranch species. Differences in tissue distribution were noted in LDH from G. melanostomus due to the presence of an additional heterotetramer in the eye tissue. There were also differences in MDH. In fact, all the tissues of E. spinax and G. melanostomus showed two mitochondrial bands. Major differences were noted in the number of isozymes detected in the four compared elasmobranchs. The highest polymorphism was observed in E. spinax and G. melanostomus, two species that live in changeable environmental conditions. The resistance of isozymes after urea treatment was examined; the resulting patterns showed a quite good resistance of the enzymes, higher for LDH than MDH, also at urea concentration much greater than physiological one. These results indicated that the total isozyme resistance can be considered higher in urea accumulators (such as elasmobranchs) than in the non-accumulators (such as teleosts).
Comparison of the blood redox status between long-distance and short-distance runners
Authors: Kostaropoulos IA , Nikolaidis MG , Jamurtas AZ , Ikonomou GV , Makrygiannis V , Papadopoulos G , Ouretas D
Published: May 2022

Exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which may damage a number of cell constituents. Organisms have developed a sophisticated antioxidant system for protection against reactive oxygen species. Our aim was to compare the adaptive responses of antioxidant mechanisms and the blood redox status of two groups of athletes, long-distance and short-distance runners. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity was measured in the serum, while reduced and oxidized glutathione as well as their ratio were determined in blood hemolysates. Serum catalase activity (P<0.001) was found to be three times higher in long-distance compared to short-distance runners (25.4 vs. 8.9 micromol x min(-3) x ml(-1)), whereas the two groups did not differ in the other markers. Catalase activity also correlated significantly with maximal oxygen consumption in long-distance runners. In conclusion, we report here that long-distance and short-distance runners exhibit similar blood redox status judged by several oxidative stress indices, except for the much higher activity of catalase in long-distance runners. This different effect of the two training modules on catalase activity of long-distance runners might be partly due to the high oxygen load imposed during their repeated prolonged exercise bouts.
Biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with endocrine and essential hypertension
Authors: Petrák O , Widimský J , Zelinka T , Kvasnička J , Štrauch B , Holaj R , Štulc T , Kvasnička T , Bílková J , Škrha J
Published: May 2022

The aim of our study was to evaluate potential differences in the concentration of biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction between essential hypertension, endocrine hypertension (pheochromocytoma, primary hyperaldosteronism) and control healthy group and to assess a potential relationship between these markers of endothelial dysfunction and vasopressor substances overproduced in endocrine hypertension. We have investigated 21 patients with moderate essential hypertension, 29 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism, 24 subjects with pheochromocytoma and 26 healthy volunteers. Following parameters of endothelial dysfunction were measured, von Willebrand factor (vWf), plasminogen activator (t-PA) and E-selectin (E-sel). Clinical blood pressure was measured according to the European Society of Hypertension recommendations. We found significantly higher levels of the von Willebrand factor in patients with essential hypertension in comparison with a control group (114+/-20 IU/dl vs 90+/-47 IU/dl; P=0.04) and patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (114+/-20 IU/dl vs 99+/-11 IU/dl; P=0.01). Patients with endocrine hypertension revealed increased levels of vWF compared to the control group, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Levels of t-PA were increased in patients with pheochromocytoma in comparison with the control group (4.6+/-1.9 ng/ml vs 3.4+/-0.9 ng/ml; P=0.01) and with primary hyperaldosteronism (4.6+/-1.9 ng/ml vs 3.4+/-1.1 ng/ml; P<0.01). In case of E-selectin we found lower levels in patients with pheochromocytoma in comparison with other groups, but they differed significantly only with primary hyperaldosteronism (40.2+/-15.0 ng/ml vs 51.3+/-23.0 ng/ml; P=0.05). Our study did not reveal any convincing evidence of differences in the levels of biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction between essential and endocrine hypertension. No correlation between the biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction and vasopressor substances activated in endocrine hypertension was found.
The influence of hormonal changes during menstrual cycle on serum adiponectin concentrations in healthy women
Authors: Kleiblová P , Springer D , Haluzík M
Published: May 2022

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its concentrations are decreased in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis and are higher in females than in males. Gender differences of adiponectin levels raise the possibility that sex hormones directly regulate its serum concentrations, which may in turn influence insulin sensitivity in different phases of the menstrual cycle. To test this hypothesis we measured serum adiponectin, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations daily throughout the menstrual cycle in six healthy women. Mean adiponectin levels strongly positively correlated with serum cortisol concentrations [R=0.94286; p=0.0048 (Spearman correlation test)], but were not significantly related to other anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal characteristics of the subjects (BMI, blood glucose, insulin, testosterone, prolactin, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations, or atherogenic index). Furthermore, no significant changes of serum adiponectin levels were found throughout the menstrual cycle. We conclude that changes in sex hormones during the menstrual cycle do not affect total circulating adiponectin levels in healthy women. Therefore, the differences in insulin sensitivity in various phases of the menstrual cycle are not due to changes of circulating adiponectin levels.
Mobil Belediye Aplikasyonlarında Hizmet Kalitesi: İzmir Örneği
Authors: ONARAN Berrin , GENÇTÜRK Kemal Kaan
Published: May 2022

Bilgi Çağı’yla beraber kamu alanı hızlı bir dijitalleşme sürecinden geçmektedir. Dijitalleşmenin önemli bir boyutunu oluşturan mobil yazılım sektörü de günden güne daha önemli bir hale gelmektedir. Buna göre Türkiye’de halka en yakın demokratik kamu kurumları olan belediyeler de mobil cihazlar ekseninde dijitalleşme çalışmaları yapmaktadır. Bu noktada uygulamaların kaliteli hizmet sağlaması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı İzmir örneğindeki m-belediyecilik uygulamalarını hizmet kalitesi boyutlarıyla değerlendirmektir. Bu doğrultuda uygulama mağazalarındaki; “Acil İzmir”, “Bizİzmir”, “Eshot Mobil”, “İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi” ve “İZUM” adlı m-belediyecilik uygulamalarındaki kullanıcı yorumları üzerinde içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Vatandaşların m-belediyecilik uygulamalarının varlığından, hizmetlerin içeriğinden memnun olduğu görülmüştür. Tasarımsal açıdan ise kullanım kolaylığı beğeni kazanmıştır. Ancak asıl öne çıkan boyut olan güvenilirlikte vatandaşların algısı negatif yönelimli bulunmuştur. Ayrıca; duyarlılık, enformasyon, verim ve güvenlik konu başlıkları algılarının da negatif yönelimli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Genel anlamda vatandaşların hizmet kalitesi algısının düşük olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmada m-belediyecilik uygulamalarının hizmet kalitesine yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir. Bu yönüyle araştırmanın belediyeler için güncel bir rehber niteliği taşıması hedeflenmiştir.
Turizm Coğrafyası Perspektifinden Mindanao Adasının Kuzey Turizm Bölgeleri
Authors: ATASOY Emin , KABIYEV Yerlan , ALIASKAROV Duman Toktaruli , KAIMULDINOVA Kulyash Duisenbaevna , SERALIYEV Asset
Published: May 2022

Mindanao, Luzon adasından sonra Filipinler Cumhuriyeti’nin hem ikinci en büyük hem de ikinci en kalabalık nüfuslu adasıdır. Görkemli şelaleleriyle, ürkütücü volkanlarıyla, ıssız tropikal plajlarıyla, yoğun yağmur ormanlarıyla ve benzersiz doğal koruma alanlarıyla dikkat çeken Mindanao, Türkiye’den gelen turistlerin en az ziyaret ettikleri ve en az bilgi sahibi oldukları Filipin adasıdır. Dünyanın en büyük ve en yoğun nüfuslu adalarından biri olan Mindanao, dört denize kıyısı olan Filipinler’in en büyük güney adasıdır. Dünyanın en kalabalık nüfuslu yedinci adası olan Mindanao aynı zamanda da en çok Müslüman kökenli nüfus barındıran Filipinler adasıdır. Bu büyük adanın bölgesel turizm özelliklerini irdeleyen bu araştırmada; Türkiye’de ilk kez bir Filipinler adasının hem detaylı bölgesel coğrafi özellikleri irdelenmiş, hem de ayrıntılı turizm rehberi oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Turistik rehber özelliklerini taşıyan bu bölgesel coğrafya çalışmasının öncelikli amacı bu adayı ziyaret eden yatırımcılara, öğrencilere, bilim uzmanlarına, iş adamlarına ve turistlere detaylı coğrafi ve turizm bilgileri sunması ve her bir bölgenin bir yandan coğrafi ve turizm potansiyelini diğer yandan da kültürel turistik mekânlarını ve doğal turizm çekiciliklerini tanıtmasıdır. Çalışmada Surigao, Butuan, Kagayan-de-Oro, Iligan, Valencia ve Dipolog, yani toplam 6 bölgenin coğrafi özellikleri, turizm merkezleri ve turizm potansiyelleri irdelenmiştir. Türkiye’de yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar arasında, büyük bir tropikal adanın çok boyutlu turizm portresi farklı coğrafi bölgeleri kapsayacak şekilde detaylı irdelenmediği için Kuzey Mindanao olarak ele alınan bu çalışmanın, ülkemizde ilk kez kaleme alınan araştırma örneği olduğu söylenilebilir. Mindanao adasının kuzey bölgelerinin coğrafi ve turizm potansiyeli ile ilgili Türkiye’de detaylı bir araştırma olmadığına göre, bu çalışma ile önemli bir bilgi boşluğunun doldurulması beklenmektedir.
Yönetim Alan Yazınında Çağının Ötesindeki Bir İsim: Mary Parker Follett
Authors: AKBAŞ Nurcan , TANER Bahar
Published: May 2022

Mary Parker Follett yönetim teorilerini zamanının ötesinde bir yaklaşımla ele alan önemli bir bilim insanıdır. Follett, yönetim felsefesinde sosyal bilimlerin tüm alanlarını kapsayan önemli çalışmalar yapmış, günümüze ve geleceğe ışık tutan değerli kavramlar ortaya atmıştır. Yönetimde devrim niteliğinde çığır açması gerekirken, böylesine önemli bir beynin yönetim alan yazında ve uygulamalarında hak ettiği ilgiden yoksun kalması çok büyük eksikliktir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Follett’in güçlü yönetim felsefesini tanıtmak, getirdiği kavramlara yönelik önemli ipuçları vermek ve onun öngörülerinin zamanımızda yaşanan yönetim sorunlarına çözüm üretme potansiyelini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada, alan yazın taramasına dayanarak Follett’in teorilerini nasıl oluşturduğu, teorilerinin güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ve teorilerine yönelik çeşitli görüşler ele alınmıştır. Yaşamından sunulan kesitlerle teorilerini nasıl oluşturduğuna, teorilerine yönelik çeşitli görüşlere yer verilmiş ve yönetim felsefesinin güçlü ve zayıf yönleri analiz edilmiştir. Gerek anlatıda gerek analiz ve yorumlarda alan yazından sağlanan görüşler temel alınmıştır.
Şuşa Zirvesi Odağında Azerbaycan - Türkiye İttifakı ve Uluslararası Etkisi
Authors: ZEYNALOVA Aytekin
Published: May 2022

Azerbaycan kültürünün beşiği Şuşa'da Milli Kurtuluş Günü'nde iki ülke cumhurbaşkanları tarafından imzalanan ittifak bildirgesi, dost ve kardeş ülkeler arasında yeni ilişkilerin ve gelecekteki işbirliğinin garantörü olacaktır. Belgenin 1921 Kars Anlaşması ile kıyaslanması, hatta bunun bir devamı olduğunun vurgulanması tesadüf değildir. 100 yıl önce Türkiye ile Rusya arasında imzalanan anlaşmanın, Sovyetlerin Nahçıvan'ı Ermenistan tarafından işgalini engellediği gibi, Şuşa Deklarasyonu da Ermenistan örneğinde olduğu gibi Azerbaycan'a karşı uluslararası güçlerin Karabağ'a yönelik herhangi bir tehdidini önlemeye hizmet edecektir. Deklarasyonun amacı bu tarihi yüzyıllar boyunca gelecek nesillere aktarmaktır. Yüz yıl önce, 1921'de Kars Antlaşması imzalandı. Türkiye, Nahçıvan'ın toprak bütünlüğünün garantörü oldu. Bugün Şuşa Deklarasyonu imzalandı. Türkiye, Karabağ'ın güvenliğini sağlamayı taahhüt etmiştir. Makale ile Azerbaycan ile Türkiye arasında yeni bir dostluk ve işbirliği aşamasının başlangıcı incelemektedir. Makalenin amacı, Azerbaycan-Türkiye ilişkilerinin gelecekteki yönünü netleştirmek ve Karabağ'daki inşaat çalışmalarının ve bölgedeki güvenliğin Bakü ve Ankara'nın himayesinde şekilleneceğini tarihe yazmaktır. Bu deklarasyon, Azerbaycan ile Türk bağımsızlığının sadece siyasi değil, aynı zamanda askeri, ekonomik, diplomatik ve medya platformunun yanı sıra eğitim, kültür, spor ve gençlik politikası olmak üzere tüm alanlarda entegrasyonunu göstermektedir. Deklarasyon, istikrar adası'nın kuruluşunun resmi duyurusuydu. Çünkü Şuşa Deklarasyonu sadece iki ülke arasındaki ilişkilerin değil, genel olarak bölge ülkeleri arasındaki ilişkilerin normalleşmesini ve karma bölgelerde uzun vadeli barışı sağlamıştır. Bu makalenin hazırlanmasında Azerbaycan tarih kitaplarında Kars Anlaşması ile ilgili hususlardan yararlanılmıştır. Bu tarihi kitaplar Azerbaycan'da okul eğitim programlarında yer almaktadır. Ayrıca siyasi uzmanların TV kanallarına ve haber sitelerine verdiği röportajlardan, Azerbaycan ve Türkiye'nin internet kaynaklarından da yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Azerbaycan ile Türkiye’nin kardeşçe, dostluk ve stratejik ittifak ilişkilerini en üst düzeye çıkardıkları görülmektedir.
First Report on Purpureocillium lilacinum Infection of Indoor-Cultivated Morel Primordia
Authors: Masaphy Segula
Published: May 2022

The cultivation of morel mushrooms (Morchella spp.) outdoors or in controlled indoor systems is a relatively new practice, and infections are beginning to be observed. Infection of indoor-cultivated Morchella rufobrunnea initials (primordia) occurred at our research facilities in Israel. The mushroom initials turned brown, were covered with a dense white mycelium of a foreign fungus and were disintegrated soon after. The isolation of a fungal contaminant from the infected mushroom revealed small colonies with a pinkish spore zone on potato dextrose agar medium. Molecular identification using partial large subunit 28S ribosomal DNA and rRNA internal transcribed spacer sequences identified the fungus as Purpureocillium lilacinum. Inoculation of Morchella colony on agar plat with the isolated fungus caused browning and inhibition of mycelial growth. Inoculation of a healthy primordium with P. lilacinum spores resulted in its browning and deterioration. This is the first report of an infection of indoor-cultivated mushroom and the first showing P. lilacinum as a pathogen of morels.
Glucose Increases the Abundance of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Community for Better Apple Seedling Growth and Phosphate Uptake
Authors: Jia Zhihang , Zhao Lin , Zhang Jia , Jiang Wei , Wei Meng , Xu Xinxiang , Jiang Yuanmao , Ge Shunfeng
Published: May 2022

Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms play an important role in soil nutrient phosphorus cycling. In order to clarify the effect of glucose (C6H12O6) on soil phosphorus transformation, the effects of glucose additions on the bacterial community, soil phosphorus status, and plant phosphorus uptake in apple rhizosphere soil were investigated. A 90-day pot experiment was carried out, and the experiment was repeated three times. Glucose additions were 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 g glucose per kg of soil. We measured soil bacteria and phosphorus related indexes using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology and chemical methods. The results showed that when the glucose application rate was 2.5–7.5 g·kg−1, the soil total phosphorus content decreased by 4.4–7.3%; however, the soil acid phosphatase activity increased by 0.5–1.3 times, and the microbial biomass phosphorus increased by 29.1% and 37.0%. The content of Al-P and Fe-P in the rhizosphere soil decreased by 14.4 to 32.7 mg·kg−1 and 16.04 to 28.7 mg·kg−1, respectively. The compositional difference of the bacterial community became larger, and the relative abundance of 11 bacterial phyla changed significantly, among which the most significant change was found in Proteobacteria. This study also found that the relative abundances of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, and Cuprococcus increased by 0.9%, 2.2%, 2.4%, and 0.8%, respectively. Applying 7.5 g glucose per kg of soil can significantly increase the relative abundance of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter et al.) in rhizosphere soil, activate Al-P and Fe-P, and improve the availability of soil phosphorus.
Agronomic Performance of Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Cultivars under Intensive Fish Farm Effluent Irrigation
Authors: Kolozsvári Ildikó , Kun Ágnes , Jancsó Mihály , Palágyi Andrea , Bozán Csaba , Gyuricza Csaba
Published: May 2022

The growing global water shortage is an increasing challenge for the agricultural sector, which aims to produce sufficient quantity and quality of food and animal feed. In our study, effluent water from an intensive African catfish farm was irrigated on grain sorghum plants in four consecutive years. In our study the effects of the effluent on the N, P, K, Na content of the seeds, on the phenological parameters (plant height, relative chlorophyll content), the green mass, and on the grain yield of three varieties (‘Alföldi 1’, ‘Farmsugro 180’ and ‘GK Emese’) were investigated. Five treatments (Körös River (K) water and effluent (E) water: 30 and 45 mm weekly irrigation water dose; non-irrigated control) were applied with micro-spray irrigation. Compared to non-irrigated plants, effluent water did not negatively affect the N, P, K and Na contents of the grain crop. In terms of phenological parameters, the quality of the irrigation water (150–230 cm) had no negative effect on any of the measured parameters compared to the control (133–187 cm) values. In terms of biomass in 2020, grain yields were 89–109 g/plant with variety Alföldi 1, 64–91 g/plant with variety Farmsugro 180, and 86–110 g/plant with GK Emese.
Ridge-Furrow Mulching Enhances Capture and Utilization of Rainfall for Improved Maize Production under Rain-Fed Conditions
Authors: Javaid Muhammad Mansoor , AlGwaiz Hussah I. M. , Waheed Hasnain , Ashraf Muhammad , Mahmood Athar , Li Feng-Min , Attia Kotb A. , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , AlKahtani Muneera D. F. , Fiaz Sajid , Nadeem Muhammad , Ahmad Hafiz Bashir
Published: May 2022

The capture and utilization of rainwater by crops under various mulching conditions have great importance in agriculture production systems, especially in dry-prone regions. Understanding the effect of mulching on rainwater use efficiency growth and yield of a crop is very important. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the potential of ridge-furrow mulching on maize growth and development under rain-fed conditions. The field study compared four treatments, i.e., ridge-furrow without mulch (WM), black plastic mulch (BM), transparent plastic mulch (TM) and grass mulch (GM). The BM treatment consistently increased the soil moisture and temperature, resulting in earlier emergence, as well as increased plant height and plant biomass, compared to the WM treatment. Compared to WM, the two-years mean yield of maize with BM, TM and GM were recorded to be increased by 33.6%, 28.1% and 10.8%, respectively. The BM produced a maximal crop growth rate at 90 days after sowing (DAS) as specified by a greater leaf area index. Transpiration rate and leaf stomatal conductance were significantly higher with BM and TM than with WM, however, the BM treatment showed the highest net photosynthetic rate in both years. Net income for the BM treatment was the highest (USD 1226 ha−1) of all the treatments and USD 335 ha−1 greater than WM. As growth, yield and net income of maize were improved with BM, therefore this treatment was found to be the most effective for maize production in rain-fed conditions. This system is evaluated at a small scale, hence to maximize its effectiveness on a large scale, a simulation design needs to be developed.
Differentially Expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in Regenerated Scales of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under Salinity Acclimation
Authors: Yang Changgeng , Zhou Qiling , Ma Qian , Wang Liuyong , Yang Yunsheng , Chen Gang
Published: May 2022

In order to explore the potential effects of salinity acclimation on bone metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), transcriptional information of regenerated scales under salinity acclimation (sea water, SW) was compared to those of fish under fresh water (FW) environments. According to the high-throughput sequencing results, a total of 2620 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the data of SW vs. FW. Compared with the FW group, six significantly downregulated and 44 significantly upregulated miRNAs were identified in the SW scales (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a total of 994 significantly differentially expressed target genes (DETGs) were identified from the 50 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs). Gene ontology analysis of the aforementioned DETGs was similar to the results of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from mRNA-seq data, these genes were mainly related to ion metabolism. KEGG enrichment analysis of the DEGs and DETGs suggested that many significantly enriched pathways were related to the energy metabolism pathway.