bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal patterns in the skin microbiome of wild, individually marked frogs from the Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Ellison Silas , Knapp Roland , Vredenburg Vance
Published: September 2021

The amphibian skin microbiome has been the focus of numerous studies because of the protective effects that some bacteria provide against the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has caused a global panzootic among amphibians. However, the mechanisms driving community structure and function in the amphibian skin microbiome are still poorly understood, and longitudinal analyses of the skin microbiome have not yet been conducted in wild populations. In this study, we investigate longitudinal patterns in the skin microbiome of 19 individually marked adult frogs from two wild populations of the endangered Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog (Rana sierrae), sampled over the course of 2 years. We found that individuals with low bacterial diversity (dominated by order Burkhorderiales) had significantly more stable bacterial communities than those with higher diversity. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with high relative abundance were significantly less transient than those with low relative abundance, and ASVs with intermediate-level relative abundances experienced the greatest volatility over time. Based on these results, we suggest that efforts to develop probiotic treatments to combat B. dendrobatidis should focus on bacteria that are found at high relative abundances in some members of a population, as these strains are more likely to persist and remain stable in the long term.
Elucidating the influence of molten salt chemistries on the synthesis and stability of perovskites oxides
Authors: Levitas Benjamin , Piligian Spencer , Ireland Thomas , Gopalan Srikanth
Published: September 2021

For the successful molten salt synthesis of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3, the salt cation is more influential than the anion. With a KNO3 solvent, pure phase LSM nanoparticles are synthesized at 600 °C in 1 hour.
Evolution of crystal structure of dual layered molecular conductor (ET)4ZnBr4(C6H4Cl2) with temperature
Authors: Shilov Gennady V. , Zhilyaeva Elena I. , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Flakina Alexandra M. , Lyubovskii Rustem B. , Pesotskii Sergei I. , Lyubovskaya Rimma N.
Published: September 2021

Disordering of ET in dual-layered organic metal with incoherent interlayer electron transport (ET)4ZnBr4(C6H4Cl2) begins already in the LT-phase when approaching Tp.
Sunlight driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using a MnV2O6/BiVO4 heterojunction: mechanistic perception and degradation pathways
Authors: Bano Karina , Mittal Susheel K. , Singh Prit Pal , Kaushal Sandeep
Published: September 2021

In the field of photocatalysis, fabrication of a heterojunction structure with effective charge separation at the interface and charge shift to enhance the photocatalytic activity has acquired extensive consideration.
Overview on magnetically recyclable ferrite nanoparticles: synthesis and their applications in coupling and multicomponent reactions
Authors: Tandon Runjhun , Tandon Nitin , Patil Shripad M.
Published: September 2021

Applications of ferrite nanoparticles in various chemical transformations.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of tanshinone IIA, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid, baicalein, and glycyrrhetinic acid between computational and in vitro insights
Authors: Elebeedy Dalia , Elkhatib Walid F. , Kandeil Ahmed , Ghanem Aml , Kutkat Omnia , Alnajjar Radwan , Saleh Marwa A. , Abd El Maksoud Ahmed I. , Badawy Ingy , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed A.
Published: September 2021

Tanshinone IIA shows the most promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 biological activity: molecular docking, molecular dynamics, in vitro, and SAR studies.
Dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane over Pt-based catalysts supported on functional granular activated carbon
Authors: Ye Hong-Li , Liu Shuang-Xi , Zhang Cui , Cai You-Qiong , Shi Yong-Fu
Published: September 2021

Dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane over Pt-based catalysts supported on functional granular activated carbon.
Visible-light-driven cascade radical cyclization toward the synthesis of α-carbonyl alkyl-substituted benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-one derivatives
Authors: Liu Jing , Huang Hong-Li , Wang Chen , Li Yinghua , Li Huaqiang , Hu Honggang , He Shipeng , Tang Hua , Gao Fei
Published: September 2021

A visible-light-driven radical cyclization method has been developed for synthesis of α-carbonyl alkyl-substituted benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones. This reaction is characterized by excellent yields and good functional group tolerance.
Tuning Brønsted and Lewis acidity on phosphated titanium dioxides for efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Songtawee Siripit , Rungtaweevoranit Bunyarat , Klaysom Chalida , Faungnawakij Kajornsak
Published: September 2021

Tunable Lewis and Brønsted acid sites on P–TiO2 tandem catalysts for glucose-to-HMF conversion providing high HMF yield (72%) and selectivity (83%).
Lipid-based nanoparticles for psoriasis treatment: a review on conventional treatments, recent works, and future prospects
Authors: Mohd Nordin Ummu Umaimah , Ahmad Noraini , Salim Norazlinaliza , Mohd Yusof Nor Saadah
Published: September 2021

Lipid-based nanoparticles are lipidic nanocarriers that can encapsulate different antipsoriatic agents for topical uses, which enhance the alleviation process compared to conventional topical agents (without nanocarriers).
Cochlear implant-based electric-acoustic stimulation modulates neural stem cell-derived neural regeneration
Authors: Guo Rongrong , Liao Menghui , Ma Xiaofeng , Hu Yangnan , Qian Xiaoyun , Xiao Miao , Gao Xia , Chai Renjie , Tang Mingliang
Published: September 2021

A cochlear implant based device was designed to stimulate NSCs. It is found that electric-acoustic stimulation with high frequency induced NSCs death but low-frequency stimulation promoted NSCs to proliferate and differentiate into neurons.
Prioritized optimization by Nash games : towards an adaptive multi-objective strategy
Authors: Désidéri Jean-Antoine , Duvigneau Régis
Published: September 2021

This work is part of the development of a two-phase multi-objective differentiable optimization method. The first phase is classical: it corresponds to the optimization of a set of primary cost functions, subject to nonlinear equality constraints, and it yields at least one known Pareto-optimal solution xA*. This study focuses on the second phase, which is introduced to permit to reduce another set of cost functions, considered as secondary, by the determination of a continuum of Nash equilibria, {x̅ε} (ε≥ 0), in a way such that: firstly, x̅0=xA* (compatibility), and secondly, for ε sufficiently small, the Pareto-optimality condition of the primary cost functions remains O(ε2), whereas the secondary cost functions are linearly decreasing functions of ε. The theoretical results are recalled and the method is applied numerically to a Super-Sonic Business Jet (SSBJ) sizing problem to optimize the flight performance.
D-MER: Die Leere vor der Milch
Authors: Gresens Regine
Published: September 2021

Stillen bringt nicht immer nur Glücksgefühle mit sich. Manche Frauen erleben Emotionen wie Trauer, Hoffnungslosigkeit oder Verzweiflung direkt in dem Moment, bevor der Milchspendereflex einsetzt. Hebammen können die betroffenen Frauen dabei unterstützen, trotz dieser Gefühlsregungen am Stillen festzuhalten.
Pumpmanagement und Handgewinnung – Aufbau und Etablierung einer guten Milchproduktion
Authors: Bier Anja
Published: September 2021

Ein gutes Handgewinnungs- und Pumpmanagement, das Mütter von Anfang an bei der Etablierung der Milchproduktion und des Stillens unterstützt, trägt entscheidend dazu bei, Mutter-Kind-Paaren einen guten Start zu ermöglichen und die Chance auf eine lange und erfüllende Stillbeziehung zu erhalten.
Therapiestudien zu Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen – Highlights der ASCO-Jahrestagung 2021
Authors: Wiegand Susanne , Wichmann Gunnar , Dietz Andreas
Published: September 2021

Aktuell entwickeln sich die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten im Gebiet der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie, v. a. durch den Einsatz von Checkpoint-Inhibitoren, rasch weiter. Momentan werden zahlreiche Studien zur medikamentösen Therapie von Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen mit neuen molekularen Targets bzw. neuen Medikamentenkombinationen durchgeführt. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Studien, die bei der ASCO-Jahrestagung 2021 zu Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen vorgestellt wurden, sollen in dieser Arbeit vorgestellt werden.
Lax systems and nonlinear equations on a time-space scale
Authors: Hovhannisyan Gro
Published: September 2021

From the Lax system on a time-space scale, we derive Sine-Gordon, Burgers, and some other nonlinear equations. From the simplified two- and three-dimensional Lax systems on a time-space scale with variable nonvanishing graininess, we derive Korteweg–de Vries, Boussinesq, Krichever–Novikov, Hirota–Miwa, and other nonlinear equations on a time-space scale with soliton solutions. We also construct multi-soliton solutions for some equations by the direct method using the exponential functions on a time-space scale.
Deformed Morse-like potential
Authors: Assi I. A. , Alhaidari A. D. , Bahlouli H.
Published: September 2021

We introduce an exactly solvable one-dimensional potential that supports both bound and/or resonance states. This potential is a generalization of the well-known 1D Morse potential where we introduced a deformation that preserves the finite spectrum property. On the other hand, in the limit of zero deformation, the potential reduces to the exponentially confining potential well introduced recently by Alhaidari [Theor. Math. Phys. 206, 84–96 (2021)]. The latter potential supports an infinite spectrum, which means that the zero deformation limit is a critical point where our system will transition from the finite spectrum limit to the infinite spectrum limit. We solve the corresponding Schrodinger equation and obtain the energy spectrum and the eigenstates using the tridiagonal representation approach.
Accessible information of a general quantum Gaussian ensemble
Authors: Holevo A. S.
Published: September 2021

Accessible information, which is a basic quantity in quantum information theory, is computed for a general quantum Gaussian ensemble under certain “threshold conditions.” It is shown that the maximizing measurement is Gaussian, constituting a far-reaching generalization of optical heterodyning. This substantially extends the previous result concerning the gauge-invariant case even for a single bosonic mode. A simple sufficient condition is provided that implies the threshold condition for a general Gaussian ensemble. The tightness of the sufficient condition is demonstrated in the single-mode case.
Partial discharge detection with on-chip spiral inductor as a loop antenna
Authors: Zeidi Najeh , Kaziz Sinda , Said Mohamed Hadj , Rufer Libor , Cavallini Andrea , Tounsi Fares
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a pioneer partial discharge (PD) loop antenna sensor is presented and examined. It is made of a 70-turn square planar inductor with a side length of 1.8 mm, which is fabricated on top of a silicon substrate in complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. The microsensor ability to detect corona PD is demonstrated once connected in series with a 60 dB gain amplifier. The behavior is studied at different separation distances from the line through which the PD pulses flow. At 5 cm away, a damped sinusoidal induced voltage with an amplitude of about 100 mV has been measured. The output signal spectrum is highly concentrated around a central resonance frequency of ∼5 MHz. The microsensor response is compared with those of other industrial sensors from Techimp, i.e., horn antennas and high-frequency current transformer sensors. The presented on-chip sensor can be considered a non-intrusive competing solution compared with other heavy and expensive commercial sensors due to its lightweight, compact size, and low cost. In addition, it shows an acceptable signal to noise ratio compared with other commercial electromagnetic wave-based sensors.
The ultradiscrete Toda lattice and the Smith normal form of bidiagonal matrices
Authors: Kobayashi Katsuki , Tsujimoto Satoshi
Published: September 2021

The discrete Toda lattice preserves the eigenvalues of tridiagonal matrices, and convergence of dependent variables to the eigenvalues can be proved under appropriate conditions. We show that the ultradiscrete Toda lattice preserves invariant factors of a certain bidiagonal matrix over a principal ideal domain and prove convergence of dependent variables to invariant factors using properties of the box and ball system. Using this fact, we present a new method for computing the Smith normal form of a given matrix.
Density evolution after shock release from laser-driven polystyrene (CH) targets in inertial confinement fusion
Authors: Shvydky A. , Haberberger D. , Maximov A. V. , Boni R. , Cao D. , Carroll-Nellenback J. , Froula D. H. , Goncharov V. N. , Hu S. X. , Igumenshchev I. V. , Ivancic S. T. , Karasiev V. V. , Knauer J. P. , Nilson P. M. , Radha P. B. , Regan S. P. , Rygg J. R. , Sangster T. C. , Rosen M. D. , Smalyuk V. A.
Published: September 2021

The evolution of the plasma density in the rarefaction wave formed after a laser-driven shock is released from a CH foil was measured using optical interferometry. It was found that the plasma density profile is very sensitive to the conditions at the back surface of the foil before the shock release. Dedicated experiments demonstrated that radiation preheat by coronal x rays caused early expansion of the back surface and faster expansion of the rarefaction wave. Radiation-hydrodynamics simulations with accurate modeling of radiation preheat from the plasma corona are in good agreement with the experimental results. The early expansion of material interfaces due to coronal x-ray preheat must be evaluated in designing and interpreting laser-driven inertial confinement fusion experiments.
Many-body quantum chaos and dual-unitarity round-a-face
Authors: Prosen Tomaž
Published: September 2021

We propose a new type of locally interacting quantum circuits—quantum cellular automata—that are generated by unitary interactions round-a-face (IRF). Specifically, we discuss a set (or manifold) of dual-unitary IRFs with local Hilbert space dimension d [DUIRF(d)], which generate unitary evolutions both in space and time directions of an extended 1+1 dimensional lattice. We show how arbitrary dynamical correlation functions of local observables can be evaluated in terms of finite-dimensional completely positive trace preserving unital maps in complete analogy to recently studied circuits made of dual-unitary brick gates (DUBGs). The simplest non-vanishing local correlation functions in dual-unitary IRF circuits are shown to involve observables non-trivially supported on two neighboring sites. We completely characterize the ten-dimensional manifold of DUIRF(2) for qubits (d=2) and provide, for d=3,4,…,7, empirical estimates of its dimensionality based on numerically determined dimensions of tangent spaces at an ensemble of random instances of dual-unitary IRF gates. In parallel, we apply the same algorithm to determine dimDUBG(d) and show that they are of similar order though systematically larger than dimDUIRF(d) for d=2,3,…,7. It is remarkable that both sets have a rather complex topology for d≥3 in the sense that the dimension of the tangent space varies among different randomly generated points of the set. Finally, we provide additional data on dimensionality of the chiral extension of DUBG circuits with distinct local Hilbert spaces of dimensions d≠d′ residing at even/odd lattice sites.
On applications of quantum computing to plasma simulations
Authors: Dodin I. Y. , Startsev E. A.
Published: September 2021

Quantum computing is gaining increased attention as a potential way to speed up simulations of physical systems, and it is also of interest to apply it to simulations of classical plasmas. However, quantum information science is traditionally aimed at modeling linear Hamiltonian systems of a particular form that is found in quantum mechanics, so extending the existing results to plasma applications remains a challenge. Here, we report a preliminary exploration of the long-term opportunities and likely obstacles in this area. First, we show that many plasma-wave problems are naturally representable in a quantumlike form and thus are naturally fit for quantum computers. Second, we consider more general plasma problems that include non-Hermitian dynamics (instabilities, irreversible dissipation) and nonlinearities. We show that by extending the configuration space, such systems can also be represented in a quantumlike form and thus can be simulated with quantum computers too, albeit that requires more computational resources compared to the first case. Third, we outline potential applications of hybrid quantum–classical computers, which include analysis of global eigenmodes and also an alternative approach to nonlinear simulations.
Phase-modulated rapid-scanning fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Agathangelou Damianos , Javed Ariba , Sessa Francesco , Solinas Xavier , Joffre Manuel , Ogilvie Jennifer P.
Published: September 2021

We present a rapid-scanning approach to fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy that combines acousto-optic phase-modulation with digital lock-in detection. This approach shifts the signal detection window to suppress 1/f laser noise and enables interferometric tracking of the time delays to allow for correction of spectral phase distortions and accurate phasing of the data. This use of digital lock-in detection enables acquisition of linear and nonlinear signals of interest in a single measurement. We demonstrate the method on a laser dye, measuring the linear fluorescence excitation spectrum as well as rephasing, non-rephasing, and absorptive fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectra.
Direct determination of Lennard-Jones crystal surface free energy by a computational cleavage method
Authors: Tipeev Azat O. , Rino José P. , Zanotto Edgar D.
Published: September 2021

The surface free energy of solids, γ, plays a crucial role in all physical and chemical processes involving material surfaces. For the first time, we obtained γ directly from molecular dynamics simulations using a crystal cleavage method. The approach was successfully realized in a Lennard-Jones system by inserting two movable external walls, each consisting of a single crystal layer, into a bulk crystal to create flat, defect-free surfaces. The cleavage technique designed allowed us to calculate the surface free energy according to its definition and avoid surface premelting. The temperature dependence of γ was determined for the (100) and (110) crystal planes along the whole sublimation line and its metastable extension, up to T = 1.02 · Tm, where Tm is the melting point. Good agreement with indirect values of γ(T) was found. The proposed computational cleavage method can be applied to other solids of interest, providing valuable insight into the understanding of chemical and physical surface processes, and demonstrates the successful import of the cleavage method, traditionally used in technical preparation and study of crystal surfaces, into a modern atomistic simulation.
A simple magnetic field configuration could trigger solar eruptions
Authors: Berkowitz Rachel
Published: September 2021

A sheared magnetic loop in the Sun’s corona can give rise to a thinning sheet of electrical current, magnetic reconnection, and tension forces strong enough to hurl material into space.
Plasma membrane phospholipid signature recruits the plant exocyst complex via the EXO70A1 subunit
Authors: Synek Lukáš , Pleskot Roman , Sekereš Juraj , Serrano Natalia , Vukašinović Nemanja , Ortmannová Jitka , Klejchová Martina , Pejchar Přemysl , Batystová Klára , Gutkowska Malgorzata , Janková-Drdová Edita , Marković Vedrana , Pečenková Tamara , Šantrůček Jiří , Žárský Viktor , Potocký Martin
Published: September 2021

Significance

Targeted secretion of the plasma membrane (PM) and cell wall material drives plant cell polarity and morphogenesis. Vesicle-tethering complex exocyst regulates this vital process. We uncovered that one of the exocyst subunits, EXO70A1, is responsible for recruiting the plant exocyst to the PM. EXO70A1 binds PM via interactions with several phospholipids that specifically contribute to the PM–lipid signature in plant cells. We demonstrated that in plants, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidic acid orchestrate the exocyst recruitment to the PM, and their action is mutually substitutable. Moreover, our results suggest that the PM net negative charge is a principal driving force at the membrane–protein interface. Our study provides a blueprint for future studies analyzing protein–membrane interactions in plant cells.
Allosteric MEK inhibitors act on BRAF/MEK complexes to block MEK activation
Authors: Gonzalez-Del Pino Gonzalo L. , Li Kunhua , Park Eunyoung , Schmoker Anna M. , Ha Byung Hak , Eck Michael J.
Published: September 2021

Significance

Drugs that inhibit specific kinases now represent one of the main classes of targeted therapies. A majority of drug development efforts in this space focus on a given kinase in isolation as the target. However, our work demonstrates that in the context of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, the relevant target for compounds developed as allosteric MEK inhibitors (MEKi) is not free MEK but RAF/MEK complexes. Because signaling through this pathway is essential in normal tissues, indiscriminate blockade of all MEK activity is not tolerated. Our findings imply that selective inhibition of specific RAF/MEK complexes is an accessible route for development of new MEKi, and they provide a biophysical foundation for better understanding and applying current clinical agents.
Relativistically transparent magnetic filaments: scaling laws, initial results and prospects for strong-field QED studies
Authors: Rinderknecht H G , Wang T , Garcia A Laso , Bruhaug G , Wei M S , Quevedo H J , Ditmire T , Williams J , Haid A , Doria D , Spohr K M , Toncian T , Arefiev A
Published: September 2021

Relativistic transparency enables volumetric laser interaction with overdense plasmas and direct laser acceleration of electrons to relativistic velocities. The dense electron current generates a magnetic filament with field strength of the order of the laser amplitude (>105 T). The magnetic filament traps the electrons radially, enabling efficient acceleration and conversion of laser energy into MeV photons by electron oscillations in the filament. The use of microstructured targets stabilizes the hosing instabilities associated with relativistically transparent interactions, resulting in robust and repeatable production of this phenomenon. Analytical scaling laws are derived to describe the radiated photon spectrum and energy from the magnetic filament phenomenon in terms of the laser intensity, focal radius, pulse duration, and the plasma density. These scaling laws are compared to 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, demonstrating agreement over two regimes of focal radius. Preliminary experiments to study this phenomenon at moderate intensity (a
0 ∼ 30) were performed on the Texas Petawatt Laser. Experimental signatures of the magnetic filament phenomenon are observed in the electron and photon spectra recorded in a subset of these experiments that is consistent with the experimental design, analytical scaling and 3D PIC simulations. Implications for future experimental campaigns are discussed.
Fostamatinib for the Treatment of Hospitalized Adults With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Strich Jeffrey R , Tian Xin , Samour Mohamed , King Christopher S , Shlobin Oksana , Reger Robert , Cohen Jonathan , Ahmad Kareem , Brown A Whitney , Khangoora Vikramjit , Aryal Shambhu , Migdady Yazan , Kyte Jennifer Jo , Joo Jungnam , Hays Rebecca , Collins A Claire , Battle Edwinia , Valdez Janet , Rivero Josef , Kim Ick Ho , Erb-Alvarez Julie , Shalhoub Ruba , Chakraborty Mala , Wong Susan , Colton Benjamin , Ramos-Benitez Marcos J , Warner Seth , Chertow Daniel S , Olivier Kenneth N , Aue Georg , Davey Richard T , Suffredini Anthony F , Childs Richard W , Nathan Steven D
Published: September 2021

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring hospitalization is characterized by robust antibody production, dysregulated immune response, and immunothrombosis. Fostamatinib is a novel spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor that we hypothesize will ameliorate Fc activation and attenuate harmful effects of the anti-COVID-19 immune response.

Methods

We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in hospitalized adults requiring oxygen with COVID-19 where patients receiving standard of care were randomized to receive fostamatinib or placebo. The primary outcome was serious adverse events by day 29.

Results

A total of 59 patients underwent randomization (30 to fostamatinib and 29 to placebo). Serious adverse events occurred in 10.5% of patients in the fostamatinib group compared with 22% in placebo (P = .2). Three deaths occurred by day 29, all receiving placebo. The mean change in ordinal score at day 15 was greater in the fostamatinib group (-3.6 ± 0.3 vs -2.6 ± 0.4, P = .035) and the median length in the intensive care unit was 3 days in the fostamatinib group vs 7 days in placebo (P = .07). Differences in clinical improvement were most evident in patients with severe or critical disease (median days on oxygen, 10 vs 28, P = .027). There were trends toward more rapid reductions in C-reactive protein, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and ferritin levels in the fostamatinib group.

Conclusion

For COVID-19 requiring hospitalization, the addition of fostamatinib to standard of care was safe and patients were observed to have improved clinical outcomes compared with placebo. These results warrant further validation in larger confirmatory trials.

Clinical Trials Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04579393.
Ibrexafungerp Versus Placebo for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Treatment: A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Superiority Trial (VANISH 303)
Authors: Schwebke Jane R , Sobel Ryan , Gersten Janet K , Sussman Steven A , Lederman Samuel N , Jacobs Mark A , Chappell B Todd , Weinstein David L , Moffett Alfred H , Azie Nkechi E , Angulo David A , Harriott Itzel A , Borroto-Esoda Katyna , Ghannoum Mahmoud A , Nyirjesy Paul , Sobel Jack D
Published: September 2021

Background

Current treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is largely limited to azole therapy. Ibrexafungerp is a first-in-class triterpenoid antifungal with broad-spectrum anti-Candida fungicidal activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ibrexafungerp compared with placebo in patients with acute VVC.

Methods

Patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive ibrexafungerp (300 mg twice for 1 day) or placebo. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with a clinical cure (complete resolution of vulvovaginal signs and symptoms [VSS] = 0) at test-of-cure (day 11 ± 3). Secondary endpoints included the percentage of patients with mycological eradication, overall success (clinical cure and mycological eradication), clinical improvement (VSS ≤ 1) at test-of-cure, and symptom resolution at follow-up (day 25 ± 4).

Results

Patients receiving ibrexafungerp had significantly higher rates of clinical cure (50.5% [95/188] vs 28.6% [28/98]; P = .001), mycological eradication (49.5% [93/188] vs 19.4% [19/98]; P < .001), and overall success (36.0% [64/178] vs 12.6% [12/95]; P < .001) compared with placebo. Symptom resolution was sustained and further increased with ibrexafungerp compared with placebo (59.6% [112/188] vs 44.9% [44/98]; P = .009) at follow-up. Post hoc analysis showed similar rates of clinical cure and clinical improvement at test-of-cure for Black patients (54.8% [40/73] and 63.4% [47/73], respectively) and patients with a body mass index >35 (54.5% [24/44] and 68.2% [30/44], respectively) compared with overall rates. Ibrexafungerp was well tolerated. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal and mild in severity.

Conclusions

Ibrexafungerp provides a promising safe and efficacious oral treatment that mechanistically differs from current azole treatment options for acute VVC.
Cobbe v Yeoman’s Row Management Ltd [2008] UKHL 55, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Cobbe v Yeoman’s Row Management Ltd [2008] UKHL 55, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Antoine v Barclays Bank [2019] EWCA Civ 2846, Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Antoine v Barclays Bank [2019] EWCA Civ 2846, Court of Appeal (Civil Division). The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Midland Bank Trust Co. Ltd v Green [1981] AC 513, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Midland Bank Trust Co. Ltd v Green [1981] AC 513, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Aslan v Murphy (Nos 1 and 2); Duke v Wynne [1990] 1 WLR 766, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Aslan v Murphy (Nos 1 and 2); Duke v Wynne [1990] 1 WLR 766, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Burgess v Rawnsley [1975] 3 All ER 142, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Burgess v Rawnsley [1975] 3 All ER 142, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Re Ellenborough Park [1956] Ch 131, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Re Ellenborough Park [1956] Ch 131, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Regency Villas Title Ltd v Diamond Resorts (Europe) Ltd [2018] UKSC 57, Supreme Court
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Regency Villas Title Ltd v Diamond Resorts (Europe) Ltd [2018] UKSC 57. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Sovmots Investments Ltd v Secretary of State for the Environment [1977] QB 411, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Sovmots Investments Ltd v Secretary of State for the Environment [1977] QB 411, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Rothwell v Chemical & Insulating Co. Ltd [2008] 1 AC 281
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Rothwell v Chemical & Insulating Co. Ltd [2008] 1 AC 281. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Spartan Steel & Alloys Ltd v Martin and Co. (Contractors) Ltd [1973] 1 QB 27
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Spartan Steel & Alloys Ltd v Martin and Co. (Contractors) Ltd [1973] 1 QB 27. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Steel v NRAM Ltd [2018] 1 WLR 1190
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Steel v NRAM Ltd [2018] 1 WLR 1190. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Bolitho v City and Hackney HA [1998] AC 232
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Bolitho v City and Hackney HA [1998] AC 232. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Iqbal v Prison Officers Association [2010] QB 732
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Iqbal v Prison Officers Association [2010] QB 732. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd [1997] AC 655
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd [1997] AC 655. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
R (Lumba) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2012] 1 AC 245
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (Lumba) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2012] 1 AC 245. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Hunter v Moss [1994] 1 WLR 452, Court of Appeal
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Hunter v Moss [1994] 1 WLR 452, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Stack v Dowden [2007] UKHL 17, House of Lords
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Stack v Dowden [2007] UKHL 17, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Jones v Kernott [2011] UKSC 53, Supreme Court
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Jones v Kernott [2011] UKSC 53, Supreme Court. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Williams v Central Bank of Nigeria [2014] UKSC 10, Supreme Court
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Williams v Central Bank of Nigeria [2014] UKSC 10, Supreme Court. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Cobbe v Yeoman’s Row Management Ltd [2008] UKHL 55, House of Lords
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Cobbe v Yeoman’s Row [2008] UKHL 55, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Central London Property Trust Ltd v High Trees House Ltd [1947] KB 130, King’s Bench Division
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Central London Property Trust Ltd v High Trees House Ltd [1947] KB 130, King’s Bench Division. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
R v G and R [2003] UKHL 50, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v G and R [2003] UKHL 50, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Miller [1983] 2 AC 161, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Miller [1983] 2 AC 161, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
Re A (Children)(Conjoined Twins) [2001] 2 WLR 480, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Re A (Children)(Conjoined Twins) [2001] 2 WLR 480, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Kuddus [2019] EWCA Crim 837, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Kuddus [2019] EWCA Crim 837, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R (Monica) v DPP [2018] EWHC 3508 (QB), Queen’s Bench Division
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (Monica) v DPP. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Gomez [1993] AC 442, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Gomez [1993] AC 442, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Coley [2013] EWCA Crim 223, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Coley [2013] EWCA Crim 223, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v SO [2013] EWCA Crim 1725, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v SO [2013] EWCA Crim 1725, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Pace and Rogers [2014] EWCA Crim 186, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Pace and Rogers [2014] EWCA Crim 186, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
Butler Machine Tool Co. Ltd v Ex-Cell-O Corporation (England) Ltd [1979] 1 WLR 401, Court of Appeal
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Butler Machine Tool Co. Ltd v Ex-Cell-O Corporation (England) Ltd [1979] 1 WLR 401. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch D 463
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch D 463. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Pao On & others v Lau Yiu Long and another [1980] AC 614
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Pao On & others v Lau Yiu Long & another [1980] AC 614. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Zurich Insurance Co. Ltd plc v Hayward [2017] AC 142; [2016] UKSC 48
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Zurich Insurance Co. Ltd plc v Hayward [2016] UKSC 48. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] QB 433
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] QB 433. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Taylor v Caldwell (1863) 3 B & S 826
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Taylor v Caldwell (1863) 3 B & S 826. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Victoria Laundry (Windsor) Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd [1949] 2 KB 528
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Victoria Laundry (Windsor) Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd [1949] 2 KB 528. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Defrenne v SABENA (‘Defrenne II’) (Case 43/75), EU:C:1976:56, [1976] ECR 455, 8 April 1976
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Defrenne v SABENA (‘Defrenne II’) (Case 43/75), EU:C:1976:56, [1976] ECR 455, 8 April 1976. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Germany v Parliament and Council (‘Tobacco Advertising I’) (Case C-376/98), EU:C:2000:544, [2000] ECR I-8419, 5 October 2000
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Germany v Parliament and Council (‘Tobacco Advertising I’) (Case C-376/98), EU:C:2000:544, [2000] ECR I-8419, 5 October 2000. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Commission v Greece (‘Crete case II’) (Case C-387/97), EU:C:2000:356, [2000] ECR I-5092, 4 July 2000
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Commission v Greece (‘Crete case II’) (Case C-387/97), EU:C:2000:356, [2000] ECR I-5092, 4 July 2000. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council and Commission (‘Kadi I’) (Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P), EU:C:2008:461, [2008] ECR I-6351, 3 September 2008.
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council and Commission (‘Kadi I’) (Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P), EU:C:2008:461, [2008] ECR I-6351, 3 September 2008. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Brasserie du Pêcheur SA v Bundesrepublik Deutschland; The Queen v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame Ltd and others (‘Factortame III’) (Joined cases C-46/93 and C-48/93), EU:C:1996:79, [1996] ECR I-1029, 5 March 1996
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Brasserie du Pêcheur SA v Bundesrepublik Deutschland; The Queen v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame Ltd and others (‘Factortame III’) (Joined cases C-46/93 and C-48/93), EU:C:1996:79, [1996] ECR I-1029, 5 March 1996. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Gerhard Köbler v Republik Österreich (Case C-224/01), EU:C:2003:513, [2003] ECR I-10239, 30 September 2003
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Gerhard Köbler v Republik Österreich (Case C-224/01), EU:C:2003:513, [2003] ECR I-10239, 30 September 2003. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Procureur du Roi v Benoît and Gustave Dassonville (Case 8/74), EU:C:1974:82, [1974] ECR 837, 11 July 1974
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Procureur du Roi v Benoît and Gustave Dassonville (Case 8/74), EU:C:1974:82, [1974] ECR 837, 11 July 1974. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.
Blaise Baheten Metock and others v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform (Case C-127/08), EU:C:2008:449, [2008] ECR I-6241, 25 July 2008
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2021

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Blaise Baheten Metock and others v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform (Case C-127/08), EU:C:2008:449, [2008] ECR I-6241, 25 July 2008. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O’Meara.