bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF COMPOUND EXERCISES ON SOME PHYSICAL AND SKILL ABILITIES IN DEVELOPING THE OFFENSIVE PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: M.J. Jassim
Published: February 2025

Football is the most enjoyable and attractive game to watch through the passion and continuous development in performance it offers. This rapid development is due to the training methods that develop and renew over the days. The current research aims to prepare complex exercises that target some of the physical and skill capabilities of football players, namely transitional speed, agility, and scoring. The research sample was represented by the players of the Al-Nahda Sports Club for the junior category for the 2024-2025 football season, numbering 34 players, aged between (15-17) years. The researcher used the experimental method of two equal experimental and control groups with pre-and post-tests to identify the differences between them and measure the rate of development for each group. The training method continued for (8 weeks) at a rate of three training units per week, for a total of (24) training units. The total intensity of the exercises ranged between (3.70% - 2.92%). The researcher used statistical methods that contained the computed and tabulated (t) value using (SPSS) software and the arithmetic mean and standard deviation. A researcher concluded through the current study that there is a positive effect of using complex exercises, as the results showed significant differences in the post-tests in favor of the experimental group. The researcher recommends the necessity of diversifying the use of exercises and that they be comprehensive and complex, targeting multiple physical and skill capabilities.
RACING TOWARD RECOGNITION:CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF MOTORSPORTS DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: H.M. Aliyev
Published: February 2025

The motorsports industry in Azerbaijan is gaining recognition, particularly with the digital transformation of sports organizations. This study focuses on the online presence of motorsports organizations in Azerbaijan, analyzing how they can leverage digital platforms to boost recognition and engage a broader audience. The research identifies key strategies for integrating motorsports into the digital realm, enhancing fan engagement, and aligning with global trends in sports marketing. Through this study, recommendations for improving the online presence and management of motorsports are proposed, laying the foundation for sustained growth in the industry.
Modification of the existing maximum residue levels for potassium phosphonates in apricots and cherries
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Bellisai Giulia , Bernasconi Giovanni , Carrasco Cabrera Luis , Castellan Irene , del Aguila Monica , Ferreira Lucien , Greco Luna , Jarrah Samira , Leuschner Renata , Mioč Andrea , Nave Stefanie , Reich Hermine , Ruocco Silvia , Scarlato Alessia Pia , Simonati Andrea , Szot Marta , Theobald Anne , Tiramani Manuela , Verani Alessia , Zioga Elena
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the applicant Fitosanitarios de Bajo Riesgo AIE submitted a request to the competent national authority in France to modify the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the active substance potassium phosphonates in apricots and cherries. The data submitted in support of the request were found to be sufficient to derive MRL proposals for the crops under assessment. Adequate analytical methods for enforcement are available to control the residues of potassium phosphonates in accordance with the residue definition ‘phosphonic acid and its salts expressed as phosphonic acid’ on commodities under consideration at the validated limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 mg/kg. Based on the risk assessment results, EFSA concluded that the long‐term intake of residues resulting from the use of potassium phosphonates according to the reported agricultural practices is unlikely to present a risk to consumer health. The risk assessment shall be regarded as indicative because some MRL proposals derived by EFSA in the framework of the MRL review according to Articles 12 and 43 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 require further consideration by risk managers.
INVESTIGATION OF PROCUREMENT PROCESS PROBLEMS IN A SELECTED DISTRIBUTION CENTRE
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Organization and Management, Gaschi-Uciecha Agnieszka ,   Institute of Logistic, Osińska Anna
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The main objective of this article is to identify and analyse the disruptions that occur
in the procurement process of a selected distribution centre, together with suggestions for
improvement.
Design/methodology/approach: The study used qualitative research, including participant
observation and interviews. In addition, selected methods and techniques were used and
techniques, including the FMEA (Failure mode and effects analysis) method and the A3 report.
Findings: Empirical studies indicate that the problems occurring in a distribution centre in the
procurement process are mainly caused by the use of two non-integrated WMS (Warehouse
Management System) systems.
Originality/value: The results of the research can be used to improve the procurement process
in the studied distribution centre by using the proposed solution, i.e. integrating existing
warehouse management systems, which will have a significant impact on reducing stock
discrepancies.
AN ANALYSIS OF NTPC LTD DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE!
Authors: Mohapatra Srikanta , Rath Smruti Ranjan
Published: February 2025

Power is an inevitable need/demand in the present era of humankind. Every work we perform is directly or indirectly linked with power. Electricity is one of the crucial things in today’s world. It is one of the salient blessings that science has given to us. Electricity has become a part of human life and it is unimaginable to think world without it.Since LPG policy implemented in India, an expeditious growth have been witnessed in Industrialization process due to which in recent time India has emerged as one of the fastest developing country in the world. Power has become the uttermost need to pump the process of growth, leading to overall growth of the nation. NTPC Ltd. is the India’s largest energy conglomerate. NTPC Ltd. has emerged as the no.1 power producing company in India accelerating India’s growth.The present study aims in analytical study of growth of NTPC Ltd. and its future prospects for the overall growth of power sector of India. In this paper the profile of NTPC is studied well and through secondary information sources. A comparison has been fabricated from the past performance of NTPC Ltd. In the present study information were collected solely from the secondary sources. The data analysis for the study was done through comparison of past year wise collected information and data on power operate in India.
Exploring Lecturers' Proficiency in Argumentative Writing: Rhetorical Strategies, Coherence, and Linguistic Challenges
Authors: Marnita Rina , Zulprianto Zulprianto
Published: February 2025

This study examines lecturers' competence in argumentative writing, emphasizing the rhetorical tactics, coherence, and linguistic difficulties encountered during the process. This research seeks to uncover the strengths and opportunities for growth in academic writing among lecturers, given its crucial role in higher education. The study used a qualitative methodology to investigate a sample of argumentative essays authored by lecturers from diverse fields, assessing the efficacy of their rhetorical methods in articulating and substantiating arguments. The research further examines the coherence of their work, assessing the logical structure and connectivity of ideas and arguments. The research also examines prevalent linguistic obstacles, including clarity, syntax, and vocabulary concerns, that affect the overall quality of argumentative writing. The results indicate that although instructors have robust subject expertise, deficiencies in language competency and argumentative techniques frequently impede the clarity and effectiveness of their work. This study elucidates the necessity for professional development programs designed to improve instructors' academic writing skills, specifically in formulating coherent and rhetorically successful arguments.
Research Trends on Acrylamide Formation and Mitigation in Coffee Processing over Last Ten Years: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Study
Authors: Nazir N , Syukri Daimon , Anggraini Tuty , Fadri Rince Alfia , Afriliana Asmak , Kusnadi Joni , Putri Annisyia Zarina , Hariry Amelia , Ito Nobutaka
Published: February 2025

Acrylamide, a potentially carcinogenic compound, forms during high-temperature food processing and has garnered significant attention in the coffee industry due to its implications for public health and food safety. This study analyzes research trends on acrylamide formation and mitigation in coffee processing over the past decade, utilizing bibliometric methods and VOSviewer software. A dataset of publications from 2014 to 2024 was examined to uncover key research themes, leading contributors, and collaborative networks in the field. The analysis reveals a growing body of research focused on understanding the mechanisms of acrylamide formation, developing mitigation strategies, and balancing quality preservation with regulatory compliance. Emerging trends, such as metabolomic approaches and advanced roasting techniques, highlight a shift towards more targeted and sustainable solutions. Additionally, the findings emphasize notable international collaborations, though further interdisciplinary research is needed to address existing gaps and enhance practical applications. This bibliometric study provides valuable insights into the scientific landscape of acrylamide research in coffee processing, offering a foundation for future studies and innovations aimed at ensuring food safety while maintaining coffee quality.
Cartilha educativa: Saúde aos montes: as práticas do profissional de educação física
Authors: Rodrigues Nadson Henrique Gonçalves , Reis Ana Júlia Caires , Rocha Gabriel Magno Soares , Prado Júnior Sidmar Moreira do , Aguiar Wilkiner Gustavo de Oliveira , Dias Orlene Veloso , Paiva Patrícia Alves , Rocha Josiane Santos Brant , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: February 2025

Essa cartilha retrata a importância do Profissional de Educação Física, visibilizando suas práticas em espaços de saúde e lugares públicos que compõem a equipe de multiprofissionais do Sistema Único de Saúde, beneficiando toda a população que busca melhor qualidade de vida, tendo a possibilidade de realizar diversos exercícios físicos como práticas coletivas: alongamentos, relaxamentos, ginásticas aeróbicas, danças, exercícios funcionais e outras.
LIDERANÇA E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE EQUIPES
Authors: Souza Jane Vecki de
Published: February 2025

A Liderança de Equipes tem sido um dos temas mais significantes nos meios Organizacionais.
Os RHs costumam investir nos programas de desenvolvimento de Líderes, para que os mesmos possam refinar suas posturas frente a Gestão de Gente e evoluir suas habilidades para formar sucessores. A Liderança de pessoas envolve a capacidade do gestor em motivar, inspirar e guiar um grupo de profissionais para alcançar objetivos comuns. Podemos comparar uma carreira de Liderança a uma grande viagem. Antes de viajar, para que o percurso seja feliz, é fundamental preparar-se, planejar-se. Arrumar sua mala, pensar em quais recursos vai precisar e colocar os principais itens, evita surpresas desagradáveis. Assim, criando uma analogia, a liderança requer primeiramente, o desejo de ser líder e após, seguir com o desenvolvimento integral, e quando essa oportunidade ocorrer, a transição seja feita de forma natural e não insegura. Uma das competências para quem deseja ser líder ou já está nessa posição atual, é evoluir sua visão antecipada. Projetar o futuro quanto a uma carreira de Gestão ajudará o profissional a ter ações no hoje em prol de uma liderança efetiva no amanhã.
Nazwy dzielnic Marsylii jako świadectwo ciągłości miasta i wyboru tradycji chrześcijańskiej
Authors: Hrynkiewicz-Adamskich Bożena
Published: February 2025

Marseille is the oldest city in France. It was founded in 599 BC. It ranks second after Paris among the largest cities in France. It is considered a cosmopolitan city, exposed to a wide range of influences, with a very diverse ethnic and social composition. In the presented text, an attempt is made to trace the conditions of the continuity of Marseille's functioning as a dynamic urban system, subject to multiply impacts, but invariably preserving the properties constituting its identity. It was also shown that urban naming referring to the Christian tradition is one of the elements stabilizing this system and determining its. The preservation of the names of the districts of Marseille, formed in the course of history, directly testifies to the constant attachment of a significant part of French society to the Christian heritage and the lack of reorientation in the choice of this tradition despite various historical turbulences. At the beginning of the current administrative division of the city lies the historical network of Roman Catholic parishes. It forms the basis of the material and nominating fabric of the city. The modern districts of Marseille developed on the basis of villages grown around parish churches and bearing names motivated by the calls of these churches. The names of the villages were then transferred to the districts. More than 30 districts of Marseille have names with religious meanings. These names are characterized by a special cultural charge and to a large extent determine the semantic continuity of the city. The uninterrupted functioning of urban names conditioned by Christian culture is a testimony to the respect for history and tradition by the majority of French people and the recognition of the value of cultural, religious and material heritage for the life of society.
Le Ministère Épiscopal Synodal et la Vision de la Réforme Continue de l'Église d'après le Cardinal Giacomo Lercaro à l'Aube du Concile Vatican II
Authors: Kasprzak Artur Antoni
Published: February 2025

Depuis le Concile Vatican II, l’adage Ecclesia semper reformanda n’est plus simplement une sentence associée à l’Église et une réformation protestante. La réforme que Vatican II a largement entreprise dans le cadre de l’Église catholique du milieu du XXe siècle montre le besoin d’un aggiornamento surtout pastoral de l’Église toute entière et le présente comme un défi continuel. Cet article explore la vision du cardinal Giacomo Lercaro concernant le ministère épiscopal en lien avec la synodalité et la réforme continue de l’Église.
Genetic evaluation of breeding efficiency estimated by Tomar ‎equation in Holstein cattle
Authors: Al-Samarai F.R.
Published: February 2025

Data analyzed included 13838 records belonged to 4100 Holstein cows over period 1988 to 2005, at the Nasr Dairy Cattle Station.             The aim of the study is to evaluate sires genetically according to their daughters breeding efficiency which was estimated by Tomar equation and to estimate heritability and phenotypic trend for breeding efficiency.
General Linear Model within SAS program was used to investigate the effect of some fixed factors on the breeding efficiency.                  The overall breeding efficiency ratio was 79.91% .Component of    variance for random effects was estimated by MIVQUE method.       Heritability of breeding efficiency was 0.08, whereas phenotypic trend for the same trait was positive and significant (P < 0.01), being 0.07%/year.
The maximum and minimum BLUP estimates for 79 sires were 8.43% and 11.84%respectively.
Research on the phenomenon of increasing borehole diameter at the installation of rod anchors in marl using wet technology compared to dry drilling procedure
Authors: Satko Filipović  , Ekrem Bektašević  , Kemal Gutić  , Namik Musa  , Noris Sakić
Published: February 2025

The excavation of the “Kobilja Glava” tunnel takes place in a complex geological environment and in a highly urbanized zone with an extremely large number of residential buildings located above both tunnel pipes, as well as in the very close distance of them. More exactly, at the entrance and exit tunnel portals there is a decaying crust whose thickness varies from 3.50 to 6.0 meters. It is an extremely incoherent material that is exposed to significant degradation processes under the influence of atmospheric conditions, which significantly create difficulties while prediction of the actual characteristics of material. Also, the excavation job is being carried out in a substrate that is made of marl, dark gray colour with a distinctly layered structure. For the purposes of this work, exploratory drillholes were drilled using two different technologies. The first implies that the drillholes are made using a wet procedure (flushing of the material from drillhole is done using water under pressure), with the measurement of the diameter of the drillhole at three reference locations inside the drillhole. For this technology the reference value of the drillhole diameter would be achieved by statistical processing. The second technology implied that the drilling of exploratory drillhole was carried with the same equipment, using a dry method (the mud of the material is carried out using compressed air), and that the diameter of the drillhole was recorded in the same way, under identical conditions. The aim of research was to establish how the applied wet drilling method affect to the degradation of the physical-mechanical characteristics of the marl, which has a several chain effects on the construction of the tunnel itself (increasing convergence due to the decreasing the physical-mechanical characteristics of the rock mass, the need for by applying additional supporting elements, increased consumption of injection mixture that results in an increase of negative impact on the environment, etc.)
Efficient algorithms and protocols for energy conservation of wireless sensor networks: A survey and future directions
Authors: Shajan M. Mahdi  , Basim Jamil Ali  , Mohanad Ali Meteab Al-Obaidi
Published: February 2025

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play an increasing role in very large-scale Health applications, environmental monitoring, industrial automation, science and military and agricultural industries, as well as smart and large cities. and large-scale applications. These nodes have limited resources such as limited memory and power. These nodes are responsible for transmitting data in real-time and must be secure and reliable. An important consideration is how to keep the energy of these nodes running efficiently for as long as possible. These requirements pose a major challenge in selecting appropriate protocols for routing and data transmission in a secure and continuous manner without interruption. Previous studies have focused on innovating and developing energy-saving algorithms and ensuring network scalability using machine learning methods to predict energy consumption behavior. This paper focuses on reviewing energy-optimizing algorithms and their types, energy-minimizing protocols and their working mechanisms, strengths, and weaknesses, as well as the relationship between energy and energy-optimizing encryption algorithms.
Phytochemical, Hypolipidemic, and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Activities of Ethanol Extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera Fruit in Albino Rats Intoxicated with Carbon Tetrachloride
Authors: Maryann Nonye Nwafor  , Chinedum – Eluka Patricia  , Chinedu Shedrack Ogunwa  , Michael Obinna Eji  , Charles German Ikimi  , Nkechinyere Florence Godwin  , Alalibo Jim Whyte
Published: February 2025

The fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera, belonging to the Fabaceae family, have long been used in traditional medicine for managing various health conditions. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, hypolipidemic effects, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory properties of the ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit in albino rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Proximate composition, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis, acute toxicity, lipid profiles, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities were determined using standard methods. Thirty albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups of five rats each. The proximate composition of the whole fruit revealed the following (%): moisture (17.07), ash (17.17), lipid (10.10), fiber (5.26), protein (15.77), carbohydrate (34.62), and caloric value (1222.28 kJ/100g). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, coumarins, glycosides, and amino acids. Quantitative analysis showed varying levels of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids (0.08 ± 0.004), phenolics (0.38 ± 0.09), saponins (6.07 ± 1.01), and others. CCl4-induced intoxication led to hyperlipidemia, with elevated serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels decreased. Treatment with Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract (100, 300, 500 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced serum TC, TAG, and LDL levels and increased HDL. Additionally, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher in the CCl4 group but decreased significantly with treatment. These findings suggest that Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract exhibits promising hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects, supporting its traditional use in managing conditions like inflammation, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes mellitus.
Peels of Citrus fruits (Citrus limon, Citrus hystrix, and Citrus sinensis): A potent control agent against on dengue and chikungunya vector, Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus L
Authors: Subramani Sudhakar  , Ramasamy Prabhu  , N. G. Tamil Selvi  , S. Sridevi Subramanium  , Subramanian Manjula  , Arokiasamy Reni Prabha  , Jayapal Subramaniam
Published: February 2025

This study assessed the larval toxicity of peel extracts from Citrus fruits against the fourth instar larvae of the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, under laboratory conditions. The citrus peels were shade-dried at room temperature and coarsely powdered. Citrus limon, Citrus hystrix, and Citrus sinensis exhibit differing levels of larvicidal efficacy against various instars of A. albopictus larvae. The LC50 values for CLPE, CHPE, and CSPE against fourth instar larvae were 1.247 mg/mL, 1.235 mg/mL and 1.567 mg/mL, while the LC90 values were 2.807 mg/mL, 2.817 mg/mL and 3.291 mg/mL, respectively. The CLPE exhibits the highest larvicidal activity, followed by CHPE and CSPE. The current study demonstrates that the larvicidal potential of biowaste materials can be utilised as eco-friendly biopesticides. This approach may serve as an effective larvicidal agent and a low-cost vector control strategy, offering a viable solution to the ongoing dengue disease burden.
Salicylic acid exogenous application enhances durum wheat growth under water stress conditions
Authors: Afef Othmani  , Salem Marzougui  , Mouna Mechri  , Rim Hajri  , Imen Bouhaouel  , Ameni Bannani
Published: February 2025

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production. This stress has negative effects on the quality, production and productivity of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), especially in arid and semi-arid areas. This work focused on i) the effect of seed priming by salicylic acid (SA) on durum wheat germination under drought stress conditions induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Four treatments were applied (T0: PEG- , AS-; T1: PEG- , AS+; T2: PEG+, AS- ; T3: PEG+, AS+) and ii) the effect of SA foliar application on the physiological traits of durum wheat varieties conducted in rainfall condition in a semi-arid environment. Two treatments were applied (drought stress, drought stress + salicylic acid). The results showed that seed priming by SA improved the germination process and seedling growth of durum wheat under water deficit conditions. The highest values of germination percentage (76.66%), vigor index (398.12) and shoot length (5.37 cm) were recorded with SA seed priming. In field experiment, obtained results showed that the highest values of relative water content (68.50%), leaf area (28.97 cm2) and membrane stability index (86.50%) were recorded with SA foliar application. Thus, the use of SA could be recommended under water stress conditions, as a new approach in integrated drought management.
Correlation between smoking and esophageal cancer
Authors: Ali salih abdulhassan
Published: February 2025

Smoking has long been recognized as a significant risk factor for various cancers, including esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer ranks among the most fatal malignancies globally, with a strong association observed between smoking and its incidence. This review explores the relationship between smoking and esophageal cancer, highlighting the mechanisms, epidemiological evidence, and implications for prevention.
Policy innovation for gender-inclusive migration that addresses the social, economic, and health disparities faced by female migrants
Authors: Oluwakemisola Omolola Adeusi  , Adeseun Kafayat Balogun  , Olayinka Abdulganiu Otesanya  , Yusuf Olalekan Adebayo  , Rukayat Oyindamola Abdulsalam  , John-Paul Adjadeh  , Sandra Mefoude Obiono
Published: February 2025

This comprehensive review examines the evolving landscape of gender-inclusive migration policies and their impact on addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by female migrants in the contemporary global context. Through systematic analysis of existing policy frameworks, empirical research, and case studies across various regions, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of current approaches and proposes innovative policy solutions to reduce disparities in social integration, economic opportunity, and healthcare access. The review identifies significant gaps in current policy frameworks while highlighting promising practices from different regions that have successfully implemented gender-responsive migration governance. Special attention is given to intersectional factors that compound vulnerabilities, including immigration status, ethnicity, age, and socioeconomic background. The paper argues for a paradigm shift in migration policy development, emphasizing the need for evidence-based approaches that incorporate women's lived experiences and perspectives. Through analysis of successful policy interventions and persistent challenges, this review provides actionable recommendations for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners working to create more equitable migration systems. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive policy innovation in addressing structural barriers and promoting the social, economic, and health-related well-being of female migrants.
Improvement in bioavailability of ascorbic acid and calcium using eggshell powder
Authors: Godwin Afiukwa Oche  , Osonwa Eke Uduma  , Innocent Mary Ifedibaluchukwu Ejiofor
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Eggshells, often treated as waste, are rich in calcium carbonate and can serve as an alternative calcium source for nutritional and pharmaceutical applications.
Methods: This study evaluates the bioavailability of calcium from eggshell powder and its effect on ascorbic acid bioavailability. Eggshell powder was sourced, processed, and formulated with animal feed in varying ratios (3:1 and 6:1 feed-to-eggshell). Experimental groups of Swiss albino mice were treated with these formulations, vitamin C, and control diets over four weeks. Serum calcium and ascorbic acid levels were analyzed weekly.

Results: Results demonstrated that eggshell supplementation significantly increased serum calcium levels, particularly in the 3:1 formulation combined with vitamin C. Serum ascorbic acid levels were also positively influenced, with the 6:1 formulation showing cumulative benefits over time. These findings highlight the potential of eggshell powder as a cost-effective, bioavailable calcium source, enhancing nutrient absorption and overall health outcomes.

Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of waste utilization for sustainable development and dietary supplementation.
A review of lyophilization
Authors: Anantharapu Preethi Samyuktha  , Yerikala Ramesh  , Yadala Prapurna Chandra  , Venugopalaiah Penabaka
Published: February 2025

Lyophilization is one of the most promising methods for drying. Lyophilization or freeze drying is a technique wherein moisture seems to be covered in ice, including its disposal from the sample, by sublimation (primary drying) and desorption (secondary drying). Lyophilization is prevalent yet generally expensive, and therefore, one of several primary targets throughout freeze-drying process improvement is to reduce the drying time (mainly primary drying time, which would be the lengthiest of three significant steps in freeze-drying). Nevertheless, raising the shelf temperature into secondary drying before removing most ice from the product will probably trigger breakdown or recrystallization melt. Thus, it would be tough to identify the end of primary drying from the product's quality and method economy viewpoint. This overview focused on its latest advancement and goals in the near term. Initially, the basic concept, required steps, formulation elements, significance of Lyophilization, techniques of Lyophilization, and identification of the ultimate conclusion in Lyophilization were clarified.
Binding affinities and molecular dynamics simulations of selected approved drugs and Mucuna pruriens phytoconstituents with Escherichia coli Shiga toxin
Authors: Emmanuel Chuks Oranu  , IC Uzochukwu  , Ebere Ifejirika Ezeonyi  , Okonkwo Onyinye Blessing  , Ejezie Perpetua Chinonyelum  , RN Egbuna  , Chukwubuikem C. Okolo
Published: February 2025

Shiga toxin (Stx)–producing Escherichia coli (STEC), also known as “verocytotoxin- producing E. coli” is a major food and waterborne pathogen of zoonotic origin. STEC infection is involved in several life-threatening disease conditions that includes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. We determined the binding affinities of selected approved drugs and Mucuna pruriens phytoconstituents to shiga toxin and ricin receptors (a toxin similar in structure to shiga toxin) by molecular docking simulations. The 3D crystal structures of Stx1, Stx2 and ricin receptor were obtained from the protein data bank. The receptors were prepared using PyMol 1.1eval, Chimera 1.10.1 and AutoDock tools vs 1.5.6. The 3D structures of selected approved drugs and Mucuna pruriens phytoconstituents were obtained from ZINC and PubChem databases. They were prepared for molecular docking simulations using AutoDock tools vs 1.5.6. Docking protocols were validated by reproducing the PDB crystal structures in silico. Molecular docking simulations were executed with a virtual screening script using AutoDockVina 1.1.2 on a Linux platform. Molecular dynamics simulations of two front runner compounds with the reference ligand and protein were done in 1500 ps. Morphine, Butorphanol and riboflavin (phytoconstituent of Mucuna pruriens) had binding affinities of -6.6±0.0,-6.4±0.1 and -6.2±0.1 kcal/mol respectively as while the reference ligand, 3-(pyridine-1-ium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate had binding affinity of -4.5±0.0kcal/mol. Higher stability were demonstrated by morphine and butorphanol in the molecular dynamics simulations. Morphine, butorphanol and riboflavin are predicted as possible shiga toxin antidotes.
Reliability of PSA assays: A key asset for early prostate cancer detection
Authors: Asmae Rhoubi  , Ismail Faiz  , fatima zahra Joudar  , El Houcine Sebbar  , Dounia El Moujtahid  , Mohamed Choukri
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Prostate cancer requires early detection to reduce mortality, with PSA serving as a key marker since 1987. This assay, crucial for distinguishing benign conditions from cancer, requires rigorous precision in the laboratory. The aim of this study was to verify the method of PSA measurement in the biochemistry laboratory of the CHU Mohammed VI d'Oujda.
Materials and methods: This prospective study, conducted at the CHU Mohammed VI d'Oujda over 30 days, assessed the reliability of total and free PSA measurements on the Abbott Alinity ci® analyzer. It assessed reproducibility through multi-operator tests and repeatability through consecutive analyses of standardized samples. The CMIA method enabled rigorous quantitative measurement, with analysis of coefficients of variation compared to CLSI standards to guarantee precision and accuracy, validated by intermediate management software.
Results: The study assessed the repeatability and reproducibility of total and free PSA assays at different concentration levels. The results indicate that the majority of values fall within the acceptable range of variation ([-1S, 1S]), although minor variations were observed depending on levels and handling conditions. These results confirm the accuracy of the assay methods and underline their reliability for robust clinical analyses.
Discussion and conclusion: Our results demonstrate good repeatability and reproducibility of tPSA and fPSA assays on Abbott's Alinity ci® analyzer, in line with performance standards established in the literature.
Building scalable business intelligence systems in the cloud: A technical approach
Authors: Dip Bharatbhai Patel
Published: February 2025

Building scalable Business Intelligence (BI) systems in the cloud has become a crucial strategy for modern enterprises aiming to harness the power of data analytics for informed decision-making. Cloud-based BI systems offer unprecedented scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional on-premises solutions. This paper delves into the technical approach to designing and implementing scalable BI systems in the cloud. It covers essential aspects such as cloud architecture, data integration, security considerations, and real-time analytics. By leveraging services from leading cloud providers like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform, organizations can address the challenges of growing data volumes and ensure seamless scalability. The paper also examines best practices for data pipeline optimization, storage management, and the integration of advanced technologies like machine learning and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, the discussion highlights how a well-architected BI system can align with organizational goals, driving efficiency and innovation. This technical guide aims to provide IT professionals and business stakeholders with actionable insights into adopting and optimizing BI systems in the cloud.
Unlocking peak performance: Advanced techniques for optimizing database efficiency
Authors: Nagaraju Thallapally
Published: February 2025

As the data is growing at a blazing rate, database performance has never been more important in achieving performant, scalable, and stable systems. We need to optimize for big data, speed up queries, and keep things afloat. The purpose of this article is to review different indexing, query optimization, database design, caching, and hardware-optimization techniques and techniques for performance-enhancing databases. There’s also discussion about database types (relational, NoSQL, in-memory databases) and the effect they have on performance as well as new technologies such as machine learning to optimize databases. Real-life examples and best practices for database performance optimization are provided.
A Review of 3D printing methods for pharmaceutical manufacturing: Technologies and applications
Authors: Vikas Thakran
Published: February 2025

The foundation of three-dimensional printing is the additive manufacturing principle. This type of technology could completely revolutionize manufacturing if it is capable of reducing time to manufacture from months or years down to hours. The pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors are just two of many that stand to benefit greatly from the revolutionary technology known as 3D printing, or additive manufacturing. Focusing on its capacity to improve patient-specific therapies, optimize drug release patterns, and produce customized medication formulations, this article investigates the possibilities of 3D printing in pharmaceutical production. Moreover, the article provides details on various methods of 3D printing including Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Inkjet Printing and Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) and the advantages, limitations, and application of these methods in the pharmaceutical industry. It also covers the application of 3D printing in the localization of the operative site, counseling and individualized manufacture of implants. Some of the technical, legal, and even financial barriers still remain to prevent the usage of 3D printing for the creation of pharmaceuticals despite the encouraging potential out there. This paper offers a comprehensive review of 3D printing's present state, difficulties, and potential future uses in the pharmaceutical industry, shedding light on how this technology has the potential to transform the pharmaceutical industry and personalized treatment.
AI-enabled Application Performance Monitoring (APM)
Authors: Vasudevan Senathi Ramdoss
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) enhances Application Performance Monitoring (APM) by automating performance metric analysis, detecting abnormalities, and identifying root causes. This paper highlights key capabilities of AI-enabled APM tools, such as Dynatrace, New Relic, and Splunk APM, including predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, and user experience optimization, emphasizing their impact on modern application management. The integration of AI in APM systems has redefined application management processes by providing actionable insights, enhancing scalability, and ensuring uninterrupted service delivery. Additionally, this paper explores the emerging trends in AI-powered APM and how they can reshape future technologies.
Harnessing vector databases: A comprehensive analysis of their role across industries
Authors: Rajesh Daruvuri
Published: February 2025

The rise of big data and the increasing need for efficient storage and retrieval solutions have positioned vector databases as a crucial alternative to traditional relational databases. Vector databases are optimized for high-dimensional data, making them particularly useful in applications such as recommendation systems, image retrieval, and real-time search operations. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of the leading vector database solutions, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and industry-specific suitability. The research aims to help enterprises determine whether adopting a vector database aligns with their operational requirements. By analyzing factors such as scalability, query performance, data structure compatibility, and cost-effectiveness, this study provides valuable insights into the role of vector databases in various industry segments, including finance, healthcare, retail, and transportation.
The risk of stroke in patients with sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Athina Zarachi  , Angelos Liontos  , Litsou Eleni
Published: February 2025

Purpose: to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relation between stroke and sensorineural hearing loss.

Methods: An extensive review of the international bibliography has been performed on the risk of stroke in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Results: There is a growing number of reports on the risk of stroke in sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusions: Clinicians should always suspect and associate the SSNHL with the risk of stroke.
The difficulty in articulating consonant sounds among ESL students in Okuapemman School
Authors: Joyce Amponsah Animah  , Christiana Awuni  , Miriam Korkoa Mordey
Published: February 2025

The study looked at the difficulty in articulating consonant sounds among second-year ESL students in Okuapemman schools. The participants were 20 students that were chosen at random. Face-to-face oral pronunciation tests were used in this study. The chosen participants were forced to pronounce words that were carefully chosen from a form 2 English textbook, with a focus on consonant sounds. It was realised that Students have difficulty articulating some consonant sounds in English after the study. The researcher also realised that the difficulty in articulating the sounds were due to several factors such as L1 influence, overgeneralization and lack of exposure. This study also suggested that ESL teachers be exposed to proper ways for teaching good pronunciation in order to help ESL students to learn how to pronounce words correctly.
Physics factor on human growth and development
Authors: Adrian Cetra Handita  , Andre Amin Supatra  , Andra Rizqiawan
Published: February 2025

Background: Growth and development are maintained primarily by genetic, hormonal, energy, environmental, and nutritional factors. Environmental factors become one of the important factors in influencing human growth and development. One of the environmental factors is the physical environment, which consists of climate/weather, sanitation, geographical conditions and others.

Purpose: Knowing the various components of physical environment factors that can affect human growth and development.

Methods: Literature review was conducted using secondary data from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria focused on studies published between 2014-2024 that explored the phsyccs factor on human growth and development.

Result: 8 journals met the inclusion criteria and included in this review.

Conclusion: Growth is a change that is quantitative by increasing the number, size, organs, and individuals. One of the most influential factors on the rate of human growth and development is environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is the physical environment, which consists of climate/weather, sanitation, air pollution, geographical conditions, and others. In subtropical climates, spring has the highest growth rate and daylight exposure is also known to have a positive effect on human growth, then in sanitary conditions, clean sanitary conditions support the quality of nutrients which are important for human growth and development. In geographical conditions, the rate of human growth and development in highland populations tends to be slower. In addition, differences in human growth and development in different geographic states are also caused by complex factors ranging from economic differences in each geographic state, differences in resource distribution in each geographic state, etc. Meanwhile, air pollution has a role in inhibiting human growth in the fetal period, especially maternal smoking which affects the fetal genome
Instructional supervision as a quality assurance mechanism in primary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Oshiomu, Augustine Odido  , Effiom Bassey Ene
Published: February 2025

This study was informed by the need to investigate the extent to which effective instructional supervision can be employed as a quality assurance mechanism in primary schools in Cross River State. One hundred and eighty primary school teachers from eighteen primary schools randomly selected from the sampled schools from the three senatorial districts of the state. The instrument used for data collection and collation was a structured Lesson Observation Form (LOF) adapted from the federal inspectorate service as a quality assurance instrument. All the teachers were observed and evaluated while teaching. The analysis of data was based on pitched judgments after lesson observation on key issues and their sources of evidence. The findings revealed that most teachers assessed, showed good knowledge and understanding of the subject they taught, while in many cases, lessons were not planned effectively by the teachers, and specific objectives were often not clearly stated, nor shared with learners. It was recommended that since teachers are a critical factor in quality education delivery, the Cross River State Government and State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) should accord teachers the opportunity for continuous professional development, as most teachers have received no other in-service training after certification, the resultant effect is that many of them are poorly equipped, ill motivated with obsolete instructional delivery skills.
Fusion of hyperspectral imaging and object detection for early disease diagnosis in resource-limited healthcare systems
Authors: John-Bosco Diekuu
Published: February 2025

The fusion of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and advanced object detection techniques holds transformative potential for early disease diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited healthcare systems. Hyperspectral imaging, which captures detailed spectral information across numerous wavelength bands, enables the detection of subtle physiological changes that are often imperceptible in conventional imaging methods. This non-invasive imaging modality provides comprehensive insights into tissue composition, facilitating the early identification of diseases such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and skin disorders. However, the high-dimensional nature of HSI data presents challenges in processing and analysis, necessitating the integration of sophisticated object detection algorithms. Object detection, powered by machine learning and deep learning models, enhances the capability to identify and classify pathological features within hyperspectral datasets with high precision and efficiency. Techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and region-based convolutional neural networks (R-CNNs) have proven effective in extracting critical features and localizing disease-specific patterns in HSI data. The fusion of these technologies not only improves diagnostic accuracy but also optimizes computational resources, making them suitable for deployment in healthcare systems with limited infrastructure. In resource-constrained environments, where access to advanced diagnostic tools is limited, the combined application of HSI and object detection can bridge critical gaps. By enabling rapid, accurate, and cost-effective disease screening, this approach enhances early diagnosis and improves patient outcomes. This study explores the methodologies, applications, and potential challenges of integrating hyperspectral imaging with object detection, emphasizing its role in advancing healthcare delivery in under-resourced settings.