bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kształcenie studentów z niepełnosprawnością jako wyraz społecznej odpowiedzialności uniwersytetu
Authors: Skalska Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to describe the universities’ social responsibility in the context of educating students with disabilities. In Poland, mass education of students with disabilities is a phenomenon that has been going on for about two decades. The first activities of the universities focused mainly on removing architectural barriers, as well as raising awareness of the institution’s employees in terms of the needs of students with various types of disabilities. However, nowadays, we can consider not only possibilities of implementing the education processes by this group of students, but also the prospects of realizing their subjectivity and autonomy in the academic environment. The article presents chosen (relevant to its purpose) research results in the field of functioning of students with disabilities in the academic environment.
Reconstruction of the Radiation Condition and Solution for the Helmholtz Equation in a Semi-infinite Strip from Cauchy Data on an Interior Segment
Authors: Achieng Pauline , Berntsson Fredrik , Kozlov Vladimir
Published: July 2023

We consider an inverse problem for the Helmholtz equation of reconstructing a solution from measurements taken on a segment inside a semi-infinite strip.
Homogeneous Neumann conditions are prescribed on both side boundaries of the strip and an unknown Dirichlet condition on the remaining part of the boundary.
Additional complexity is that the radiation condition at infinity is unknown.
Our aim is to find the unknown function in the Dirichlet boundary condition and the radiation condition.
Such problems appear in acoustics to determine acoustical sources and surface vibrations from acoustic field measurements.
The problem is split into two sub-problems, a well-posed and an ill-posed problem.
We analyse the theoretical properties of both problems; in particular, we show that the radiation condition is described by a stable non-linear problem.
The second problem is ill-posed, and we use the Landweber iteration method together with the discrepancy principle to regularize it.
Numerical tests show that the approach works well.
The Impact of Organizational Climate on Teacher Enthusiasm: A Two-Staged Structural Equation Modelling–Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Punia Poonam , Bala Manju
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of the school organizational climate on teacher enthusiasm. A sample of 600 teachers was drawn using a multi-stage random sampling method. The study variables were assessed using two main instruments: the organizational climate scale and teacher’s enthusiasm scale. A two-staged structural equation modelling and artificial neural network approach was used for the analysis. The study has unveiled the importance of the school’s organizational climate in determining the enthusiasm level of teachers. All the dimensions of organizational climate acted as significant predictors in the model. The study encourages periodic examination of the school climate and teachers’ enthusiasm to take any decisions or initiatives necessary to address deficiencies in schools.
Compact eight-shaped ISM-I band wearable antenna for wireless body area network applications
Authors: Utsav Ankur , Badhai Ritesh Kumar
Published: July 2023

The design and analysis of the electrically small eight-shaped wearable antenna for both on- and off-body communication is proposed in this paper. An eight-shaped radiating structure is placed over the jeans substrate and an I-shaped slot is introduced in the ground plane which makes the antenna resonates at the ISM-I band (2.4 GHz). The antenna has a compact size of 0.30λ
0 × 0.20λ
0 × 0.001λ
0, where λ
0 is the free space wavelength at the resonance frequency. The impedance bandwidth (≤−10 dB) of the antenna is 6.1 % and 5.8 % in free space and presence of a human body phantom respectively. The antenna design exhibits good gain along with an improved omnidirectional radiation pattern. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the antenna averaged over 1 g of tissue is 0.21 W/kg at 2.45 GHz which is far below the FCC standard. The paper also discusses the bending analysis and the fundamental size limitations of the small antenna, concluding that it is suitable for practical use. The simulated results of the prototype are validated by the measured results.
Performance analysis of mmWave/sub-terahertz communication link for 5G and B5G mobile networks
Authors: Farooq Umar , Lokam Anjaneyulu
Published: July 2023

Millimeter (mmWave) and sub-terahertz communication is a key technology to support high data rate requirements of 5G and B5G mobile networks. However this field is still in its initial development stage because of the various technical difficulties in its practical implementation due to inherently distinct propagation properties of mmWave/sub-terahertz frequencies. A thorough investigation of mmWave/sub-terahertz communication link is required in order to successfully deploy these frequency bands in 5G and B5G mobile networks. This paper investigates the effect of atmospheric conditions like dry air, humidity, rain, snow, fog and foliage on the performance of the mmWave/sub-terahertz link. The work also presents a mathematical analysis of the coverage of mmWave/sub-terahertz communication link and investigates the effect of various parameters like frequency, bandwidth, transceiver antenna gain, path loss coefficient (LOS, NLOS case) and system noise on its performance.
On uniform statistical convergence
Authors: Gülfırat Mustafa , Bayram Nilay Şahin
Published: July 2023

This paper is a continuation of the so far performed studies on the concept of uniform statistical
convergence. We first characterize two inequalities concerning the uniform
statistical limit superior that lead to two core inclusion results for bounded
real sequences. Using the inverse Fourier transformation, we also give a criterion
on uniform statistical convergence, and study some factorization results of
the space of uniformly statistically convergent sequences. These results are
used to give a Korovkin-type approximation theorem.
The potential role of hydrophilic and hydrophobic liquid emulsifier-tailored sunflower wax/sunflower oil oleogels on the properties of whole wheat batter and sponge cakes
Authors: Bharti Deepti , Banerjee Indranil , Cerqueira Miguel Ângelo , Kim Doman , Pal Kunal
Published: July 2023

Sunflower oil (SO) oleogel was initially prepared using 5 % (w/w) sunflower wax, hydrophobic (Span 80), or hydrophilic (Tween 80) emulsifiers. This study involved the physicochemical characterization of the batter and cake prepared through partial and complete replacement of butter with the oleogels. Batter and cake properties were improvised in T80, prepared with oleogel containing 0.015 % (w/w) of Tween 80. The polarized micrograph of the T80 batter displayed a large number of air bubbles stabilized by the wax crystals. Starch gelatinization was found highest in T80 batter and could be related to the ability of hydrophilic emulsifiers to form a complex with starch. The FTIR spectra in the T80 batter and cake displayed a reduced peak for gluten content. T80 cake crumb showed a homogenous distribution of smaller air cells supporting its softness. A reduction in the firmness and hardness of T80 was obtained from the texture studies.
The combined effects of a higher-level verb distribution and verb semantics on second language learners’ restriction of L2 construction generalization
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: July 2023

This study aims to uncover the combined effects of a higher-level verb distribution (i.e., the distribution of one-construction only verbs and alternating verbs across English) and verb semantics on Chinese EFL learners’ restriction of generalization of English prenominal past participles (PPPs). Three groups were formed: a lexicalist group, a generalist group, and a mixed group. During the treatment, the lexicalist group were exposed to input involving one-construction only verbs exclusively; the generalist group, alternating verbs only; the mixed group, both one-construction only and alternating verbs. An acceptability judgment task was employed to assess L2 learners’ construction generalization. The study found that, (1) the Lexicalist group exhibited significantly less generalization with the known state-change verbs than either the Generalist or the Mixed group, and significantly less generalization with the known non-state-change verbs than the Generalist group; (2) the Lexicalist group showed less generalization with extensive exposure one-construction only new verbs than the mixed group whereas the generalist and the mixed group did not differ significantly regarding construction preference of extensive exposure alternating new verbs; (3) the Lexicalist group were significantly less likely to generalize the PPP-only minimal exposure new verb than either the Generalist or Mixed group, and significantly less liable to generalize the relative clause (RC)-only minimal exposure new verb as opposed to the Generalist group; (4) moreover, the three groups differed significantly in regularization (operationalized as the number of participants who tended to accept each verb in only one of two competing constructions) of no exposure new verbs, with the lexicalist group producing more regularization than the other two groups.
A general size-biased distribution
Authors: Patkowski Alexander E.
Published: July 2023

We generalize a size-biased distribution related to the Riemann xi-function using the work of Ferrar. Some analysis and properties of this more general distribution are offered as well.
The relationship of maternal polymorphisms of genes related to meiosis and DNA damage repair with fetal chromosomal stability
Authors: Chan Ying , Tang Xinhua , Cai Dongling , Liu Yize , Li Dongmei , Su Jie , Neng Guowei , Yin Yifei , Geng Zibiao , Zhu Shu , Zhang Jinman , Jiang Lihong , Zhu Baosheng
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the association between maternal polymorphisms of NANOS3 rs2016163, HELQ rs4693089, PRIM1 rs2277339, TLK1 rs10183486, ERCC6 rs2228526, EXO1 rs1635501, DMC1 rs5757133, and MSH5 rs2075789 and fetal chromosomal abnormality.

Methods

This retrospective case-control study included 571 women with fetal chromosome abnormalities (330 pregnant women diagnosed with fetal aneuploidy, 241 with fetal de novo structural chromosome pregnancy) and 811 healthy pregnant women between January 2018 and April 2022. All the above polymorphisms were tested using SNaPshot.

Results

All the eight polymorphisms were analyzed for genotypes, alleles, under dominant and recessive genetic models. Significant distribution differences of TLK1 rs10183486 in fetal chromosome structural abnormality were found between the case group and control subjects who were <35 years of age [Genotype: p=0.029; Dominant: OR (95 %CI)=0.46 (0.25–0.82), p=0.01 and allele: OR (95 %CI)=0.47 (0.27–0.82), p=0.01 respectively], while no difference was found in the recessive model [OR (95 %CI)=2.49 (0.31–20.40), p=0.39]. In advanced age subgroups for fetal aneuploidy, significant differences were found in genotypes analysis of PRIM1 rs2277339 (p=0.008), allele analysis of TLK1 rs10183486 [OR (95 %CI)=0.62 (0.42–0.91), p=0.02]. For the fetal chromosome structural abnormality population, HELQ rs4693089 revealed a significant distribution difference (p=0.01) but not in the allele, dominant and recessive genetic models analysis (p>0.05 individually).

Conclusions

For older women, maternal PRIM1 rs2277339 and TLK1 rs10183486 polymorphisms may be associated with fetal aneuploidy, while HELQ rs4693089 may be associated with fetal chromosome structural abnormality. Also, carriers of T allele of TLK1 rs10183486 have a lower risk of fetal chromosome structural abnormality in younger women.
Performing best when it matters the most: evidence from professional handball
Authors: Bühren Christoph , Gabriel Marvin
Published: July 2023

We analyze the impact of psychological pressure on performance with over 5500 handball penalties thrown in either the decisive stage or the rest of the game during matches of the 2019/2020 season in the first three German handball leagues. Contrary to the choking under pressure phenomenon, most of the analyzed players perform best when it matters the most. The positive effect of pressure on performance is highest when the score is even or when the thrower’s team is trailing. We control for gender and psychological traits assessed with a survey. In our sample, female players score with a higher probability than male players. The positive impact of pressure is not significantly higher for female players.
Robinson v. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police: Taking Duty Back to Basics
Authors: Goudkamp James , Nolan Donal
Published: July 2023

In the United Kingdom, as in some other parts of the Commonwealth, the courts have long embarked on a search for a general formula which can be applied to determine whether a duty of care arises in any given negligence case. In 2018, the United Kingdom Supreme Court delivered its judgment in Robinson v. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police, in which a plurality strikingly rejected as misconceived attempts to identify such a general test. Duty cases, the Supreme Court held, are to be decided by reference to precedent where applicable, or (where no such precedent applies) by analogy with the existing authorities. This approach curtails the role of policy in the duty of care enquiry. In this article, the decision in Robinson is put in context and its significance explained. It is argued that the approach to the duty question adopted in Robinson should be welcomed. Not only is that approach the best of the alternatives available, but it is the only one that is consistent with the methodology of the common law and the rule of law.
On the role of metaphors in COVID-related political communication: an examination of Jacinda Ardern’s metaphorical language in managing the health crisis
Authors: Degani Marta
Published: July 2023

In comparison to many other countries across the world, New Zealand stands out as a positive example of successfully dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic during its first outbreak. A pivotal role in this has been attributed to Jacinda Ardern, New Zealand’s prime minister, who has been praised for her effective communication throughout the crisis and her capacity to connect empathetically to the people. The present study explores Ardern’s crisis discourse by focusing on her use of metaphors to talk about COVID-19, its transmission, and the measures adopted by the New Zealand government to contain its spread. This analysis, which adopts the framework of Critical Metaphor Theory, aims at disclosing which metaphors were used by Jacinda Ardern and whether there is anything exceptional in these metaphors and their usage that could relate to Ardern’s successful management of the health crisis in its initial phase. The data consists of eight post-Cabinet press conferences given by Ardern from the beginning of the outbreak at the end of February 2020 to the day when she declared that community transmission was over (27 April 2020).
Molecular detection of Leptospira and Bartonella in Mastomys natalensis and its ectoparasites in Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors: Thomas Claus , Msoffe Venance , Van Houtte Natalie , Mhamphi Ginethon , Mariën Joachim , Sabuni Christopher , Makundi Isaac , Nzalawahe Jahashi , Machang’u Robert , Leirs Herwig
Published: July 2023

Rodents play an important role in the transmission of zoonotic diseases. This study investigated the prevalence of Leptospira spp. and Bartonella spp. in Mastomys natalensis and its ectoparasites (fleas and mites) in selected villages of Morogoro, Tanzania. Mastomys natalensis were captured live in fallow habitats using Sherman® traps and anesthetized using Halothane. Blood samples were obtained from the retroorbital sinus Ectoparasites were removed from the fur using a hard brush and preserved in 70 % ethanol. Real time–qPCR was used to detect Leptospira spp. and Bartonella spp. from Mastomys natalensis blood and ectoparasites respectively. The study revealed a relatively larger number of males than females captures. Leptospira spp. was demonstrated in one out of 100 Mastomys natalensis. For Bartonella spp., prevalence of (14 %) was recorded in mites with a higher proportion in mites from adult male Mastomys natalensis than females. Upon Sanger sequencing, four positive samples showed a complete sequence of the ITS gene. Indicating that all samples belonged to Uncultured Bartonella. Low prevalence of Leptospira spp. and a high prevalence of Bartonella spp. was observed in Mastomys natalensis. Further exploration of rodent pathogens is recommended to raise awareness of the role of commensal rodents in disease transmission via their ectoparasites.
Why Mereological Essentialism Applies to Mereological Aggregates
Authors: Moreland James Porter
Published: July 2023

This article’s purpose is to defend the depiction of ordinary-sized physical objects as mereological aggregates (MAs), to clarify what the ontology of an MA is, and to show why mereological essentialism (ME) applies to MAs that seem to be ubiquitous if we are to adopt what Frank Jackson calls “Serious Metaphysics” and refuse to broaden our ontology beyond what is (allegedly) bequeathed to us by physics and chemistry. To accomplish this goal, first, I clarify certain background issues that inform what follows and I identify certain constraints that relate to the contemporary ambivalence towards ME. Second, I present a primer on Husserlian mereology that provides a superior account of parts and wholes than the inadequate approach identified in the previous section. Third, I will offer a defense of ME as the correct approach to providing an ontological account of MAs. Finally, I will evaluate two defeaters against my thesis.
Mechanical properties and microstructural features of rotary friction welded UNS S42000 martensitic stainless-steel joints
Authors: Madhappan Deepak Kumar , Palani Ponnusamy Kumaraswamy , Thirumalaikumarasamy Duraisamy , Sonar Tushar
Published: July 2023

The main objective of this investigation is to study the mechanical properties and microstructural features of rotary friction welded (RFW) UNS S42000 martensitic stainless-steel joints. The welded joints were stress relieved at 316 °C for 1 h holding followed by air cooling. The joints welded using the friction pressure of 60 MPa, forging pressure of 64 MPa, friction time of 18 s and forging time of 4 s exhibited superior tensile properties. Microstructure showed carbide precipitates and strain induced and partial strain induced martensite in weld zone for heat treated condition and coarser martensite and retained austenite for non-heat treated condition. Fractography for tensile tested samples reveals predominantly ductile mode of fracture for heat treated samples than non-heat treated condition. The Microhardness showed a higher value of hardness for the weld zone due to strain induced martensite and lesser hardness at PDZ due to partial strain hardened martensite.
Experimental investigation of a near-field focusing performance of the IP-Dip polymer based 2D and 3D Fresnel zone plate geometries fabricated using 3D laser lithography coated with hyperbolic dispersion surface layered metamaterial
Authors: Micek Patrik , Belosludtsev Alexandr , Gric Tatjana , Pudis Dusan , Gaso Peter , Goraus Matej
Published: July 2023

Herein we investigate the character of the near-field emission of a two- (2D) and novel three-dimensional (3D) probe geometries fabricated using 3D direct laser writing lithography. Near-field scans in x–y and y–z planes were measured both before and after the deposition of hyperbolic dispersion metamaterial (HMM) to further verify the directional propagation of the high wave-vector components present in the vicinity of the structures. Additional computational and theoretical characterization forewent the actual experimental measurements, showing a promising performance, particularly for the 3D Fresnel zone plate (FZP). Overall, the experimental data documents a subwavelength resolution with a significant signal enhancement in the focal spot of the 3D FZP and highly subwavelength depth of focus.
CdSe nanodots to nanorods in PVA films: effect of shape transition and loading on the opto-mechanical and biodegradation properties
Authors: Singh Sandeep , Garg Sangeeta , Saran Amit D.
Published: July 2023

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films impregnated with CdSe nanoparticles were evaluated for the effect of morphology (from spherical to rod-shaped) and concentration of CdSe, on the optical and mechanical properties. CdSe nanodots and nanorods were synthesized by a modified microemulsion method with hydrazine hydrate as the shape modulator. CdSe nanoparticles and PVA/CdSe films were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis spectroscopy and universal testing machine (UTM) analysis. The tensile strength and % elongation (at break) of PVA/CdSe films, increased from 32.8 MPa and 178 % (for CdSe nanorods) to 40.3 MPa and 259 % (for CdSe nanodots), respectively. The effect of loading of CdSe in PVA films, were evaluated at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10 wt%. The tensile strength increased from 18.9 MPa (plain PVA) to 35.08 MPa (1 % CdSe) and increased upto 40 MPa for 10 % CdSe. The absorbance of PVA/CdSe films increased, while the reflectance and the transmittance decreased, with increasing wt% of CdSe in PVA films. The colour, density and water-vapour permeability of PVA/CdSe films, were also estimated. The biodegradability of PVA/CdSe films in soil was found to increase by 55 % as compared with PVA films.
Durability and microstructure analysis of concrete made with volcanic ash: A review (Part II)
Authors: Ahmad Jawad , Althoey Fadi , Abuhussain Mohammed Awad , Deifalla Ahmed Farouk , Özkılıç Yasin Onuralp , Rahmawati Cut
Published: July 2023

Concrete is the most frequently employed man-made material in modern building construction. Nevertheless, the serviceability of concrete structures has been significantly reduced owing to a variety of durability issues, especially when serving in a non-ideal environment and exposed to internal/external attacks such as chloride penetration, carbonation, sulfate, and so on. Several scholars have performed numerous studies on the strength and microstructure features of volcanic ash (VA) concrete and have discovered encouraging findings. However, since the information is spread, readers find it difficult to evaluate the benefits of VA-based concrete, limiting its applicability. As a result, a detailed study is required that offers the reader an easy approach and highlights all essential facts. The goal of this article (Part Ц) is to conduct a compressive review of the physical and chemical aspects of VA and its impact on concrete durability and microstructure properties. The findings demonstrate that VA considerably improves concrete durability owing to pozzolanic reaction and micro-filling voids in concrete materials. Cost–benefit analysis shows that 10% utilization of VA as cement decreased the overall cost by 30%. The assessment also notes a research gap that must be filled before VA may be utilized in practice.
Dificuldades enfrentadas por enfermeiros no reconhecimento e manejo da sepse / Difficulties faced by nurses in the recognizing and managing sepsis
Authors: Sousa Thais Vilela , Moraes Filho Iel Marciano de , Silva Carliane Sousa , Macêdo Cecília Sousa , Sá Érika Silva , Pereira Mayara Cândida , Carvalho Filha Francidalma Soares Sousa , Luciano Cristiana Costa
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: identificar dificuldades de enfermeiros para o reconhecimento e manejo da sepse e choque séptico. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, com 47 enfermeiros de hospital universitário do centro-oeste do Brasil. Dados coletados entre julho e agosto de 2017 por entrevista sobre definição, classificação, manifestações clínicas e tratamento da sepse, interpretadas a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: enfermeiros referiram dificuldades em identificar precocemente e não se sentem preparados para cuidar do paciente séptico. Foram apontadas dificuldades relacionadas à própria sepse, como a inespecificidade dos sinais, aspectos intrínsecos ao profissional, como formação e da instituição, como a falta de educação permanente. Conclusão: verifica-se, pela fala dos entrevistados, que falta atualização desde a formação profissional à educação permanente, assim como a necessidade de implementar protocolos institucionais para o adequado enfrentamento da sepse.
Single-Nucleus Profiling Identifies Accelerated Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Senescence in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome
Authors: Rusu Bianca , Kukreja Bharti , Wu Taiyi , Dan Sophie J. , Feng Min Yi , Kalish Brian T.
Published: July 2023

Down syndrome (DS), the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability, is associated with lifelong cognitive deficits. However, the mechanisms by which triplication of chromosome 21 genes drive neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction are poorly understood. Here, using the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS, we performed an integrated single-nucleus ATAC and RNA-sequencing (snATAC-seq and snRNA-seq) analysis of the adult cortex. We identified cell type-specific transcriptional and chromatin-associated changes in the Ts65Dn cortex, including regulators of neuroinflammation, transcription and translation, myelination, and mitochondrial function. We discovered enrichment of a senescence-associated transcriptional signature in Ts65Dn oligodendrocyte (OL) precursor cells (OPCs) and epigenetic changes consistent with a loss of heterochromatin. We found that senescence is restricted to a subset of OPCs concentrated in deep cortical layers. Treatment of Ts65Dn mice with a senescence-reducing flavonoid rescued cortical OPC proliferation, restored microglial homeostasis, and improved contextual fear memory. Together, these findings suggest that cortical OPC senescence may be an important driver of neuropathology in DS.
Investigation of microwave attenuation and shielding performance of PTFE/Fe2O3/OPEFB composites at X-band frequency
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Bello M. A. , Azis R. S. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Shabdin M. K. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Osman N. H. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Yakubu A. ,   Department of Physics, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto, P.M.B. 2129, Sokoto, Nigeria
Published: July 2023

This study explored the microwave attenuation and shielding properties of PTFE/Fe2O3/OPEFB composites in the X-band frequency range. Fe2O3 nanoparticles were incorporated into the PTFE/OPEFB matrix using a powder-dry mixing technique. The composites were characterized using XRD and FESEM, and attenuation performance was evaluated using a VNA. The results indicated that the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles improved microwave attenuation and shielding properties, with the composite containing 15 wt% Fe2O3 exhibiting the highest attenuation of 16.02 dB. The homogeneous dispersion of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was confirmed through FESEM analysis, and XRD analysis confirmed the presence of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the composites. The study concludes that PTFE/ Fe2O3/OPEFB composites have potential for electromagnetic interference shielding applications in aerospace, telecommunications, and electronics industries.
Thermal annealing effects on the electrical characteristics of alpha particles irradiated MIS device AuTa2O5GaAs
Authors:   Teacher Preparation Institute, Nineveh, Education Directorate of Nineveh, Iraq, Al-Begg S. M. , Saeed S. H. ,   Medical Instruments Technology Engineering, Al-Hadba University College, Iraq, Al-Rawas A. S. ,   Basic Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Iraq
Published: July 2023

An alpha particle-irradiated MIS device made of AuTa2O5GaAs was used to study how thermal annealing affects the I-V characteristics and how the current changes with annealing temperature, radiation energy, and voltage biassing. The super-gate of the MIS structure was made by using thermal evaporation to build a 1000°A thick layer of gold under a vacuum of about 10-5 torr. At room temperature, the devices were exposed to alpha particles from the radioactive source 226Ra (0.5 Ci) with energies of 5.1, 4, 3, 1.8, and 1.2 MeV for 0–30 minutes. After 30 minutes of annealing at 150, 200, and 300 o C in a vacuum of 10-3 torr, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the irradiation devices were found. During thermal annealing, different results were seen with bias voltages of 0.4, 1, and 2 V and temperatures of 150, 200, and 300 o C. Annealing the device at 150 o C doesn't change how stable it is, but annealing it at 300 o C causes ohmic conduction in the device's properties. The device's current can be fixed best when the device is heated to 200 o C and then cooled. Also, thermal annealing seems to have different effects on the I–V electrical characteristics of the devices depending on the energy of the particles and the voltage biassing.
Consistency across multi‐omics layers in a drug‐perturbed gut microbial community
Authors: Wuyts Sander , Alves Renato , Zimmermann‐Kogadeeva Maria , Nishijima Suguru , Blasche Sonja , Driessen Marja , Geyer Philipp E , Hercog Rajna , Kartal Ece , Maier Lisa , Müller Johannes B , Garcia Santamarina Sarela , Schmidt Thomas Sebastian B , Sevin Daniel C , Telzerow Anja , Treit Peter V , Wenzel Tobias , Typas Athanasios , Patil Kiran R , Mann Matthias , Kuhn Michael , Bork Peer
Published: July 2023

Multi‐omics analyses are used in microbiome studies to understand molecular changes in microbial communities exposed to different conditions. However, it is not always clear how much each omics data type contributes to our understanding and whether they are concordant with each other. Here, we map the molecular response of a synthetic community of 32 human gut bacteria to three non‐antibiotic drugs by using five omics layers (16S rRNA gene profiling, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics). We find that all the omics methods with species resolution are highly consistent in estimating relative species abundances. Furthermore, different omics methods complement each other for capturing functional changes. For example, while nearly all the omics data types captured that the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine selectively inhibits Bacteroidota representatives in the community, the metatranscriptome and metaproteome suggested that the drug induces stress responses related to protein quality control. Metabolomics revealed a decrease in oligosaccharide uptake, likely caused by Bacteroidota depletion. Our study highlights how multi‐omics datasets can be utilized to reveal complex molecular responses to external perturbations in microbial communities.
THE MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATION FOR IMPROVING LEARNING OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENT MODULE IN TVET
Authors: Muthu Nalienaa , Abdul Aziz Faieza , Abdullah Lili Nurliyana , Mokhtar Makhfudzah , Omar Muhd Khaizer , Nazar Muhammad Amir Mustaqim
Published: July 2023

Teens and young adults may get training in anything from the basics to advanced skills in various workplace and academic settings at Technical and Vocational Education Training and Education (TVET) institutions. Some aspects of teaching and learning in TVET cannot be articulated clearly, and trainees cannot perceive how things fit together. The study was conducted to determine the optimal platform to develop mobile Augmented Reality applications for TVET trainees and, to assess the TVET trainee’s readiness for AR-based mobile application training deployment. An online questionnaire was sent to trainees at Industrial Training Institute in Malaysia via the online system. A marker-based Augmented Reality application was created for the Basic Electronic Components module utilizing Unity software, the Vuforia engine, and C# script. Finally, the trainees were allowed to test the generated application. The trainees were interviewed to obtain data on their responses. The results indicate that 83% of the TVET trainees own and use android as the application platform. The results of the pre-test and post-tests used to gauge the success of the Augmented Reality application show that its usage in the sub-learning module significantly improved memory recalls for the TVET trainees. The outcomes showed that the Augmented Reality application suited the participants' learning needs and improved the effectiveness of their learning. The result from this project will serve as a pre-test for determining the most suitable platform to deploy the Augmented Reality application to be developed in the future.
Legal Aid in the Case of Torture of Domestic Assistant (Ika Musriati) Accused of Stealing Mobile Phones in Semarang City
Authors: Wijanarko Maharani Athaya , Fanani Tiara Rizki Annesha , Puspitasari Dyah , Novihapsari Annisa Dewi , Tyas Sari Rahmaning
Published: July 2023

Cases of abuse of domestic assistants (ART) are still rampant in Indonesia. One example of a case of abuse occurred in Ika Musriati, a 20-year-old household member in Semarang City. Ika Musriati received inappropriate treatment from her own employer by being brutally tortured. He was abused by his employer, a husband and wife who lived in a housing complex in West Semarang. Not only was he tortured, he was also forced by his employer to eat 50 chilies and drink boiling water, causing damage to his vocal cords and surgery. As an ART, you should be given the right to a life worthiness from an employer. Unlike Ika Musriati, who was not fed when she was hungry, she was even given stale food without side dishes.
Consultation and Mediation to Resolve Illegitimate Child Disputes by Prioritizing the Best Interest of the Child Principle
Authors: Reynaldi Richard Dwiky , Sumartono Nike Natasya Dewi , Pramadani Indah Septiana , Maryani Indah , Pratama Albert Dicky
Published: July 2023

Based on the convention on children's rights, there are four categories of children's rights to realize the principle of the best interest of the child, namely the right to survival, the right to protection, the right to grow and develop, and the right to participate in expressing opinions in all matters affecting children. The right to survival of children requires the state to ensure their survival, both with a conducive environment, decent living facilities and infrastructure to access to basic needs. The principle of the best interest of the child requires child protection providers to look at and make decisions regarding the future of the child based on the child's point of view not the point of view of adults so as to reach and ensure the fulfillment of children's rights.
A Discourse of Professionalism of Advocates in Providing Legal Assistance in Indonesia
Authors: Rizkyta Amelia Putri , Dhani Mahmod Umar
Published: July 2023

Advocate profession is an honorable profession and carries a great responsibility because work is not only about the advocate himself, but also related to the benefit of others. An advocate is obliged to help people who are unable to handle legal issues. Legal assistance must be carried out based on conscience and must not discriminate. This study uses normative legal research methods, and the approach used is a conceptual approach. Advocate professionalism in providing legal assistance free of charge can be seen from how effective the assistance has an impact on society, even though there are several obstacles in its implementation.
Maternal obesity attenuates PPARγ nuclear migration impairing offspring adipogenesis
Authors: de Sousa Érica , Rodrigues Alice Cristina
Published: July 2023

Maternal obesity predisposes offspring to obesity in adulthood. Since the perinatal period is a critical window for adipose organogenesis, we evaluated if maternal obesity affects the perinatal offspring adipogenesis. Female mice were fed a standard diet (eutrophic dam, ED) or a high-fat diet supplemented with condensed milk (obese dam, OD) for 6 weeks before mating, and the diets were maintained until the end of the protocol. Inguinal adipose tissue of offspring at gestational day 16.5 (E16.5), postnatal day 0 (P0), and P2 was collected to analyze morphological and molecular features. In OD offspring, the number of preadipocytes increased at E16.5 and P0 compared to ED offspring. The cell cycle-related elements Ccnd1 and Ki67 were also upregulated in these groups. In parallel, lipid accumulation started at E16.5 in OD offspring, while ED offspring preadipocytes only accumulated lipids after P0. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels and activity were decreased in OD offspring due to impaired nuclear migration. Increased Hdac1 expression, which negatively regulates PPAR-responsive elements in the genome, was also detected. At P2, OD adipocytes presented abnormal features, including a clustered distribution and decreased expression of PPARγ target genes and Adbr3 and Slc2a4, which are highly expressed in mature functional adipocytes. The abnormal adipose tissue is one of the major factors promoting metabolic abnormalities in adulthood. This study demonstrates for the first time the morphological and molecular alterations induced by maternal obesity in vivo in the perinatal adipogenesis in murine inguinal adipose tissue.
RISING STARS: The heat is on: how does heat exposure cause pregnancy complications?
Authors: Wyrwoll Caitlin S
Published: July 2023

The incidence and severity of heatwaves are increasing globally with concomitant health complications. Pregnancy is a critical time in the life course at risk of adverse health outcomes due to heat exposure. Dynamic physiological adaptations, which include altered thermoregulatory pathways, occur in pregnancy. If heat dissipation is ineffective, maternal and neonate health outcomes can be compromised. Indeed, epidemiological studies and animal models reveal that exposure to heat in pregnancy likely elicits an array of health complications including miscarriage, congenital anomalies, low birth weight, stillbirth, and preterm birth. Despite these associations, the reasons for why these complications occur are unclear. An array of physiological and endocrine changes in response to heat exposure in pregnancy likely underpin the adverse health outcomes, but currently, conclusive evidence is sparse. Accompanying these fundamental gaps in knowledge is a poor understanding of what exact climatic conditions challenge pregnant physiology. Moreover, the overlay of thermoregulatory-associated behaviours such as physical activity needs to be taken into consideration when assessing the risks to human health and identifying critical populations at risk. While the health impacts from heat are largely preventable through strategic interventions, for the related clinical practice, public health, and policy approaches to be effective, the gaps in basic science understanding urgently need to be addressed.
Design reuse method of corn picking device based on case-based reasoning
Authors: Tai Rongjian , Li Bin , Sun Zhimin , Li Qingjiang , Liang Rongqing , Zhong Bo
Published: July 2023

In order to shorten the design cycle of corn snapping mechanism, a case reuse design method of snapping devices based on user requirements was proposed. A matter-element model is used to build a case matter-element database and parametric model library together to form a case database; the case attributes are divided, the retrieval scope is narrowed through the matching of core parameters, and the similarity of matching parameters and performance evaluation parameters is calculated by using analytic hierarchy process and deviation maximization method to realize the retrieval of similar cases. The transformation relationship between the design requirements and the main driving parameters of the parametric model is established by using the rule association method to realize the case’s modification. The engineering discrete element method is used to simulate the reuse case, and an improved method is proposed according to the simulation results. The improved device is verified by simulation and field experiments. The results show that the operating performance of the improved snapping device is improved, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the design reuse method are verified, which can provide technical reference for the intelligent design of agricultural machinery and equipment.
How to Reflect on 20th Century Man Facing Dramatic Situations and Hard Choices?
Authors: Švedas Aurimas
Published: July 2023

This article seeks to answer the question what ideas formed in the field of history theory can help develop a new interpretation of 20th century history, people facing difficult situations, the decisions they made, and, finally, traumatic individual and collective memory. The turbulent 20th century history and the memories about it is controversial; therefore, when contemporary Lithuanian society endeavors to discuss certain events, phenomena, and personalities and tries to come to a consensus on their immortalization – disagreements inevitably arise. In the process of research, it transpired that in contemporary historiography concerning the purpose and meaning of a historian’s work, as well as the responsibility to society of researchers of the past, several points are emphasized: (1) in the 21st century, historians have to find a new way of dealing with the complex issues of history; (2) scholars must recognize a responsibility for people who lived in the past and live the present, as well as to strive to show in the present perspective the fates of those who lived in the past; (3) the study of the past should contribute to the development of “intercultural competencies” which contemporary man lacks and which help him to understand The Other (past and present man); (4) to achieve these goals, historians need to transform their discipline into a “profession of understanding” that promotes inquisitiveness and openness to the world; (5) researchers of the past, when confronted with attempts to turn them into politicians or judges, have to leave the past open to new questions and interpretations; (6) those who study the past must engage in theoretical (self-)reflection that is necessary to perform the function of a critic that is so vital to society; and (7) historians need to think about the importance of the present dimension confronting complex historical issues. Historians work with collective memory to address the issues of self-awareness in time which face society. Researchers into the past also seek to initiate a dialogue between the people of the past and present. The conduct of the dialogue and its quality depend to a large extent on the level of the empathy that has been developed. Introducing empathy as a method for exploring knowledge about history and the present, this article draws on the ideas of George R. Collingwood, a British historian, archaeologist, and philosopher.
A Quality Improvement Approach to Enhance LGBTQ+ Inclusivity in Pediatric Primary Care
Authors: McKinnish Tyler , Hunt Candice , Weinberg Steven , Perry Martha , Seashore Carl , Gold Stuart , Vander Schaaf Emily B.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ1) teens are at higher risk of illness as a result of bias but are less likely than peers to attend well visits. Medical organizations recommend improving care through staff education, visual cues, and routine inquiry of sexual orientation and gender identity (SO/GI) and pronouns. It is unknown how to do this confidentially in pediatrics. This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to confidentially collect and document SO/GI and pronouns early in at least 90% of teen acute care visits.
Adolescent Use of Flavored Non-Tobacco Oral Nicotine Products
Authors: Harlow Alyssa F. , Vogel Erin A. , Tackett Alayna P. , Cho Junhan , Han Dae-Hee , Wong Melissa , Cockburn Myles G. , Sussman Steve Y. , Unger Jennifer B. , Leventhal Adam M. , Barrington-Trimis Jessica L.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Flavored non-tobacco oral nicotine products (eg, nicotine pouches and nontherapeutic nicotine gum, lozenges, tablets, gummies), are increasingly marketed in the United States. Prevalence of non-tobacco oral nicotine product use among adolescents is unknown.
Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity
Authors: Hampl Sarah E. , Hassink Sandra G. , Skinner Asheley C. , Armstrong Sarah C. , Barlow Sarah E. , Bolling Christopher F. , Avila Edwards Kimberly C. , Eneli Ihuoma , Hamre Robin , Joseph Madeline M. , Lunsford Doug , Mendonca Eneida , Michalsky Marc P. , Mirza Nazrat , Ochoa Eduardo R. , Sharifi Mona , Staiano Amanda E. , Weedn Ashley E. , Flinn Susan K. , Lindros Jeanne , Okechukwu Kymika
Published: July 2023

The Subcommittee responsible for developing this guideline comprises a diverse group of professionals from a variety of disciplines representing both governmental entities and private institutions. Experts all, they are united by a common desire to provide the finest, most effective care and treatment to children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Over the course of several months, the members of the Subcommittee reviewed the technical reports produced from the study review, then worked in concert to develop the Key Action Statements and Expert Consensus Recommendations contained within this guideline. These were crafted with meticulous care by the Subcommittee members, to align with current literature and to place appropriate emphasis on each statement.
The Health Effects of Video Games in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Alanko Daniel
Published: July 2023

Play has always been an essential part of childhood, but it looks different for modern children, who increasingly engage in virtual play. More than 90% of children older than 2 years play video games, and three-quarters of American households own a video game console. Children 8 to 17 years of age spend an average of 1.5 to 2 hours daily playing video games. Recent developments framed by decades of research have provided insight into how games influence children’s physical health, mental health, social behaviors, and cognitive development. Anticipatory guidance surrounding media use is often centered on screen time, but pediatricians should have some knowledge of the unique benefits and risks associated with this nearly ubiquitous activity. In light of the recent addition of gaming disorder to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, this review includes a discussion of the epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of gaming disorder, including the use of existing screening tools. As games become more popular while ever-increasing in scope and complexity, this review aims to educate the modern pediatric provider about what is known, what is uncertain, and how to use this knowledge in the management of both healthy and unhealthy video gaming in children.
The Hospitalized Adolescent
Authors: Breuner Cora C. , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Jewell Jennifer A. ,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, COMMITTEE ON HOSPITAL CARE
Published: July 2023

This policy statement is the first published statement in the United States on this topic and the authors aim to provide pediatricians with evidence-based information on the unique aspects required to care for hospitalized adolescents. Included in this policy statement is a description of the possible effects hospitalization may have on the developmental and emotional progress of adolescence, the role of the hospital setting, the importance of confidentiality, and issues related to legal/ethical matters and bias and institutional and systemic racism that may occur during hospitalization.