bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Unconventional Study on the Bond Strength of the Casing/Cement Interface and the Benefits of Nanoparticle Additives
Authors: Ritchie Mark , Hareland Geir , Kjeldal Vigleik Nicolai , Nygaard Runar
Published: November 2019

From spud to plug, the ability for cement to provide an adequate seal with the casing is of paramount importance in preventing the migration of fluids along the wellbore and to the environment. No matter the extremity of a cements compressive or even tensile strength, when debonding between the cement body and steel wall occurs, a micro-annulus is formed and acts as a direct flow path between previously isolated formation fluids. Recent studies using slightly unconventional methods have shown that adding small concentrations of nanoparticle barite and magnetite to a heavy; field ready, class H cement; present an increase in the potential bond strength of the cement.

To show this, laboratory evaluations on the shear and tensile bonding strength of the cement/steel interface were completed for nanoparticle barite and magnetite concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight of cement using specially made apparatuses. Each apparatus was designed such that the cement slurry was allowed to set on top of a steel coin that was finely sandblasted to insure that each sample had a similar binding surface and each test used the same displacement rate for consistent loading across each of its samples. The shear bond strength was completed using a modified split core setup that imposed the desired failure plane along the cement/steel interface depending on its orientation. Tensile loading of the samples was applied using a threaded connection point adhered to the top of the set cement sample and connected to the load frame using a specially designed set of brackets.

Using the modified split core setup, it was seen that nanoparticle concentrations of as little as 1% by weight of cement increased the bond strength substantially when compared to the base case for both additives. Additionally, testing of the tensile bond strength further confirmed that the presence of nanoparticles have a significant effect on the cements ability to stay bonded with the inner wall of steel casing. The improvement observed is likely due to the coupled impact of the nanoparticles that act as both a mechanical reinforcement, and a means to reduce the presence of large Calcium Hydroxide (CH) crystals in the hydrated cement body whose irregular shape and fragile nature make it poorly suited for bonding to steel.

Altogether, the addition of nanoparticle barite and magnetite has been seen to introduce new strength to the binding potential of wellbore cement to the steel casing. This translates to a more resilient seal at the cement/steel interface which increases the overall barrier integrity. Whether implemented as a plug or primary cement, the need for an impermeable barrier is absolute.
Digitally Transforming Front End Decommissioning Planning
Authors: Marfatia Farzan
Published: November 2019

National legislation requires removal of offshore oil and gas assets post cessation of production. However, this legislation is currently being challenged due to; Safety concerns, advances in environmental research, technical challenges, societal and economic impacts.

The Comparative Assessment is one method of addressing these factors. An online platform has been developed for this purpose that uses adapted, industry standards and norms to generate a comprehensive assessment assisting in the development of an auto-generated high-level decommissioning plan with high level cost estimates.

The Comparative Assessment’s seven-stage process is incorporated in the online platform and when utilised in a facilitated ‘HAZID’ style workshop, the platform enables all relevant subject matter experts to complete the assessment in days, in lieu of months of consultancy.

The algorithms development for the online platform includes the implementation of a quantitative Comparative Assessment process with complementing high-level cost estimates in-line with AACE class 4 and ASPE Level 1 estimates.

The cost estimates explore various removal techniques currently used in the industry. These techniques are then analysed by performing sensitivity studies for different removal methodologies, vessel charters and cost variance from actual decommissioning case studies.

In order to improve efficiency in the decommissioning industry, the development of an online platform capable of an industry recognised decision making process and cost of decommissioning will improve planning and assist in assessing the global decommissioning liability.
Draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant Bradyrhizobium sp. BL isolated from a sewage treatment plant in China
Authors: Bao Peng , Li Guo-Xiang , He Yu-Qin , Dai Yi
Published: November 2019

The genus Bradyrhizobium is considered to be widespread and abundant group of symbiotic bacteria in many plant-soil ecosystems. However, the ecological versatility of this phylogenetic group remains highly understudied in man-made ecosystems, mainly due to the lack of pure cultures and genomic data. To further expand our understanding of this genus for human health, we analyzed the high quality draft genome of Bradyrhizobium strain BL, isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Ningbo, China. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL draft genome has a total size of 7,718,431 bp with an overall G + C content of 46.43%. From a total of 7236 predicted sequences, 7176 and 60 are protein and RNA coding sequences, respectively. Moreover, 63.51% of the predicted genes were assigned into to Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) functional categories. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL genome contains various defense mechanisms against antibiotics that up to predicted 60 antibiotic resistance coding genes. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL genome contains 237 termed virulence factors coding genes which show its potential pathogenicity. This study provides important insights into the genomic diversity of the genus Bradyrhizobium and provides a foundation for future comparative genomic studies that will generate a better understanding of the antibiotic resistance process.
Prediction of late-onset fetal growth restriction using a combined first- and second-trimester screening model in South Chinese infants: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Haiqing , Feng Yan , Zhang Jiexin , Li Kuanrong , Liang Huiying , Mei Shanshan , Fang Dajun , He Qiuming , Xu Suting , Zhang Guanglan , Zhong Wei
Published: November 2019

Background Prediction models for early and late fetal growth restriction (FGR) have been established in many high-income countries. However, prediction models for late FGR in China are limited. This study aimed to develop a simple combined first- and second-trimester prediction model for screening late-onset FGR in South Chinese infants.Methods This retrospective study included 2258 women who had singleton pregnancies and received routine ultrasound scans. Late-onset FGR was defined as a birth weight < the 10th percentile plus abnormal Doppler indices and/or a birth weight below the 3rd percentile after 32 weeks, regardless of the Doppler status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model.Results Ninety-three fetuses were identified as late-onset FGR. The significant predictors for late-onset FGR were maternal age, height, weight, and medical history; the second-trimester head circumference (HC)/abdominal circumference (AC) ratio; and the estimated fetal weight (EFW). This model achieved a detection rate (DR) of 52.6% for late-onset FGR at a 10% false positive rate (FPR) (area under the curve (AUC): 0.80, 95%CI 0.76-0.85).Conclusions A multivariate model combining first- and second-trimester default tests can detect 52.6% of cases of late-onset FGR. Further studies with more screening markers are needed to improve the detection rate.
Cryoturbation and Carbon Stocks in Gelisols under Late‐Successional Black Spruce Forests of the Copper River Basin, Alaska
Authors: Jelinski Nicolas A. , Sousa Michael J. , Williams Andrea , GreyBear Edward , Finnesand Katie , Mulligan Dennis , Cole Cory , Stillinger Michele D. , Feinberg Joshua M.
Published: November 2019

In the Alaskan discontinuous permafrost zone, soils developed under black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.] forests are affected by fire over return intervals ranging from decades to centuries and cycle between recently burned and late‐successional stages. Soils under late‐successional forests therefore provide foundational information regarding the potential recovery of soil and permafrost characteristics following disturbance by fire. Twenty‐two permafrost‐affected soils (predominantly Histoturbels with minor components of Sapristels and Aquiturbels) were investigated under late‐successional black spruce in the Copper River Basin, which contains the largest expanse of glaciolacustrine sediments in Alaska. Although these soils are well insulated (organic layer thicknesses of 31 ± 10 cm) and fine‐textured with a relatively shallow permafrost table (69 ± 19 cm), 87% of the 129 described mineral soil horizons across these sites showed morphological evidence of cryoturbation. Depth trends in water content and bulk density were consistent with an ice‐rich upper permafrost, with suspended cryostructures most common in the upper permafrost. Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to 1 m averaged 46 ± 12 kg m−2, with 44% of the SOC stocks contained in cryoturbated mineral horizons, many of which were identified well below the current permafrost table. The most likely mechanism of cryoturbation in these soils is post‐fire active layer deepening followed by solutioning and diapirism, generating SOC stocks in cryoturbated mineral materials of the upper permafrost. Future changes in climate or fire frequency that affect active layer depth may therefore have the potential to affect cryoturbation processes and carbon stocks in these soils.
Analysis of the Weak Soil Behavior, Modified Through Cementation
Authors: Kopiika Nadiia , Petrenko Yuriy
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study is to conduct thorough theoretical research and literature overview regarding possible ways of soil stabilization on the basis of this practice increasing demand. In particular an emphasis is made on the chemical technique for weak soils strengthening, due to its prevalence and various practical and economic advantages. Great amount of promiscuous data was analyzed and organized; in addition on its basis an attempt is made to provide convincing calculation technique for further usage in engineering soils` stabilization practice. Besides, various factors which could influence on the results` accuracy are identified with corresponding recommendations for further possible research on this issue.
Sustainable sediment management in a reservoir through flushing using HEC-RAS model: case study of Thakot Hydropower Project (D-3) on the Indus river
Authors: Hussain Kashif , Shahab Muhammad
Published: November 2019

To increase the life of small storage reservoirs, sediment flushing is found to be a very useful technique throughout the world. A sediment flushing study of the Thakot D-3 Hydropower Project reservoir after construction of the Dasu dam on the Indus river is presented in this paper. HEC-RAS 5.0.6 numerical model has been employed to check the sediment removal during flushing and to assess the model's applicability and limitations. Dasu reservoir sediment discharge data of 20 years were used to evaluate the sediment load with different transport functions under no-flushing (FSL 656 m asl) and flushing conditions. Without flushing, the river bed would be raised 56.1 m at the dam site and the low-level spillway and power intake would be filled in 2–5 years' time. It was observed that reservoir sediment flushing is economically realistic for this dam and the HEC-RAS sediment simulation model is encouraged for reservoir flushing modeling. If the Thakot D-3 HPP is commissioned a number of years after Dasu, a coarser sediment load will also be reached in the reservoir which could pose a serious challenge for the Thakot D-3 reservoir life. It is recommended that without construction of the Bhasha-Diamer storage dam, sedimentation not only is a complicated issue for Dasu HPP and Thakot D-3 HPP, but will also have drastic impacts on other downstream run-of-river energy projects.
Hydrodynamics and bed morphological characteristics around a boulder in a gravel stream
Authors: Zexing Xu , Chenling Zhang , Qiang Yao , Xiekang Wang , Xufeng Yan
Published: November 2019

This paper presents experimental studies on hydrodynamics and bed morphological characteristics under varying water and sediment discharges over a gravel channel bed with a boulder. Firstly, flow characteristics over a non-eroded bed with a mild slope were investigated. Results show that along the transect line located one diameter away from the boulder centerline, the existence of the boulder has negligible impact on the mean flow characteristics, which are similar to flows over a flat bed. At the boulder centerline, the flow is largely deflected by the boulder and turbulence characteristics in the horizontal plane are largely enhanced in the wake of the boulder. Secondly, water scour experiments were carried out over a steep slope. It could be observed that scour occurred around the boulder and bedloads were deposited downstream, forming a typical pool–riffle sequence. An analysis shows that the length scale (L/D) of geometric features associated with pool depth, riffle height and pool–riffle distance (S/D) are positively related to the boulder-related Froude number (Frb): L/D = 1.18Frb − 0.11 and S/D = 12.5Frb + 0.6; and the erosion volume (Ve) for flat bed and boulder bed is positively and negatively related to the averaged Froude number (Fr): Ve/D3 = 37.1Fr − 21.3 and Ve/D3 = −44.8Fr − 38.6, where D is the boulder diameter.
Legal Symbols
Authors: Kosatkina Olga Viacheslavovna
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the features of legal symbols use in the Russian Federation, special attention is paid to the requirements established for legal symbols, as well as the existing problems of legal symbols practical use are defined in the article.
Assessment of Quality of Sapropel Deposits of Lake Kubalah in Central Yakutia
Authors: Gerasimova Larisa Vladimirovna , Ivanov Konstantin Petrovich
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the content analysis of macro- and micro-elements in the sapropel deposits of Lake Kubalah, which will allow us to evaluate the quality of sapropel and its utilization efficiency as a valuable organo-mineral material. The authors of the article define relevance and novelty of the paper. The detailed analysis of sapropel deposits of Lake Kubalah, situated in terrace above the flood-plain of (Magan) flat cryolitic zone of Central Yakutia.
Molecular Mechanisms of Nickel-Induced Carcinogenesis
Authors: Son Young-Ok
Published: November 2019

Background:

The increased use of heavy metal nickel in modern industries results in increased
environmental impact. Occupational and environmental exposure to nickel is closely linked to
an increased risk of human lung cancer and nasal cancer.

Objective:

Unlike other heavy metal carcinogens, nickel has weak mutagenic activity. Carcinogenesis
caused by nickel is intensively studied, but the precise mechanism of action is not yet known.

Results:

Epigenetic changes, activation of hypoxia signaling pathways, and generation of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be the major molecular mechanisms involved in nickelinduced
carcinogenesis.

Conclusion:

This review provides insights into current research on nickel-induced carcinogenesis and
suggests possible effective therapeutic strategies for nickel-induced carcinogenesis.
An Accomplished Energy-Aware Approach for Server Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Orugonda Alekhya , Kumar V. Kiran
Published: November 2019

Background:

It is important to minimize bandwidth that improves battery life, system reliability and other environmental concerns and energy optimization. It also do everything within their power to reduce the amount of data that flows through their pipes.To increase resource exertion, task consolidation is an effective technique, greatly enabled by virtualization technologies, which facilitate the concurrent execution of several tasks and, in turn, reduce energy consumption. : MaxUtil, which aims to maximize resource exertion, and Energy Conscious Task Consolidation which explicitly takes into account both active and idle energy consumption.

Materials and Methods:

In this paper an Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique (EACLBT) is proposed for the performance improvement in terms of energy and run time. It predicts load of host after VM allocation and if according to prediction host become overloaded than VM will be created on different host. So it minimize the number of migrations due to host overloading conditions. This proposed technique results in minimize bandwidth and energy utilization.

Results:

The result shows that the energy efficient method has been proposed for monitor energy exhaustion and support static and dynamic system level optimization.The EACLBT can reduce the number of power-on physical machine and average power consumption compare to other deploy algorithms with power saving.Besides minimization in bandwidth along with energy exertion, reduction in the number of executed instructions is also achieved.

Conclusion:

This paper comprehensively describes the EACLBT (Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique) to deploy the virtual machines for power saving purpose. The average power consumption is used as performance metrics and the result of PALB is used as baseline. The EACLBT can reduce the number of power-on physical machine and average power consumption compare to other deploy algorithms with power saving. It shown that on average an idle server consumes approximately 70% of the power consumed by the server running at the full CPU speed.The performance holds better for Common sub utterance elimination. So, we can say the proposed Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique (EACLBT) is effective in bandwidth minimization and reduction of energy exertion.
Tres décadas sin Héctor Abad Gómez “Fundador de la salud pública en Colombia y hombre de más experiencia en estas áreas con que cuenta el país”
Authors: Sánchez Caraballo Álvaro A
Published: November 2019

La revista Avances en Salud quiere rendir un homenaje a la memoria de unos de los salubrista ilustres de la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Colombia, toda vez que, se cumplen 30 años de su magnicidio. Por ello, pone a la disposición de sus lectores, el editorial y todo el contenido temático de la revista.La vida y obra de Héctor De Jesús Abad Gómez, conjugan las actividades como salubrista y su interés por lo social. A su vez, la práctica de la doctrina en salud pública lo hizo visible a nivel institucional y social en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del Siglo XX. Este célebre ideólogo      de la salud pública, fue concordante con su práctica vital, en el entorno de Colombia y en el   ámbito latinoamericano. Siempre será referente para cualquier salubrista independientemente del nivel de formación y desempeño hacer una aproximación del rescate de su pensamiento en salud pública y relacionarlo con su compromiso social. La obra y figura de Abad Gómez, han sido objeto de atención por parte de diversos autores, algunos procedentes del campo de la salud pública y otros provenientes de otras áreas del conocimiento. Entre las aportaciones más destacadas que se han ocupado de Héctor Abad Gómez se encuentran aquellas que hacen alusión a su faceta de intelectual comprometido con la realidad colombiana.
Frecuencia de los antígenos del sistema Rh en donantes de sangre Rh D Negativo.
Authors: Zuluaga G Sandra Milena , Gándara H Yesica María , Villegas G Rossana
Published: November 2019

Objective. To determine the frequency of antigens of the Rh system in donors of Rh D negative blood. Materials and methods. Retrospective and descriptive study where all the records of Rh D negative blood donors from the Blood Bank of Cordoba between the years 2012-2015 were reviewed. To describe the sociodemographic  characteristics  of  Rh D negative blood donors and to identify the frequency    of phenotypes of the Rh system, absolute, relative and confidence intervals were calculated for 95% ratios to compare Rh system phenotypes according to the ABO group And sociodemographic variables, absolute, relative frequencies, 95% confidence intervals and Chi  square  test were calculated. p values <0.05 were considered significant and the information was stored and analyzed in SPSS version 23. Results. The phenotype found most frequently was ccee, which corresponded to 92%; the other phenotypes were found in lower percentages distributed as follows: Ccee 5.9%, ccEe 1.2%, CCee 0.3%, and CCEE 0.2%. 88% of the donations were made by male donors and the ABO blood group with the highest frequency was found to be O corresponding to 66.4%. Conclusion. Both nationally and globally, the most frequent phenotype for Rh D negative people is ccee, with a slight variation in their percentage of repetition between regions.
La maternidad segura, uno de los objetivos del milenio: una mirada desde el imaginario social.
Authors: Romero Ochoa Carlos Andrés , Berrocal Moreno José Ignacio , Urzola Vertel Kelly Del Carmen , Carreño González Teresa De Jesús
Published: November 2019

Los objetivos del milenio son reconocidos como el acuerdo político más grande que se ha dado en toda la historia de la humanidad (1,2). Es en principio una idea muy fácil de concebir, pero demandó titánicos esfuerzos para conseguir poner de acuerdo a los líderes de 189 países en generar esfuerzos conjuntos en 8 aspectos considerados fundamentales para hacer de este mundo un lugar mejor (3). Muchos líderes mundiales coincidieron en  que era necesario aunar esfuerzos para lograr objetivos comunes que favorecieran a toda la humanidad. La guerra fría permitió definir un nuevo vínculo entre paz, seguridad y desarrollo orientado a la construcción de la paz (peace building) y a promover la seguridad humana. La lucha contra la pobreza se situó en el centro de las estrategias de prevención de conflictos, de promoción de la paz en situaciones de conflicto, de reconstrucción y desarrollo tras el conflicto armado. Esa visión fue reconocida por Naciones Unidas y por los donantes de ayuda al desarrollo en la Declaración del Milenio de 2000 (4).
Comportamiento de la intoxicación moderada y severa por Ofidiotoxicosis Bothrópica en Córdoba- Colombia.
Authors: Amador Ahumada Concepción , Luna Rondón José Moisés , Puello Alcocer Elsy Cecilia
Published: November 2019

Objective. To identify the factors associated with the non-reporting of adverse events in diagnostic support services in a primary level of care, in order to make decisions aimed at providing a safe care to its users. Materials and methods. This research corresponds to a retrospective descriptive, exploratory study. Based on the analysis of the records of the management and follow-up records of adverse events not reported in the institution’s patient safety program, during the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015. Results. 46.5% of adverse events in the clinical laboratory service and 45% of adverse events in the diagnostic imaging service during the study period were not reported by default; situation that affects the safety of the patient indicating a poor culture on the report of adverse events. Conclusions. The highest percentage of unreported adverse events in diagnostic support services during the study period was not carried out of fear, this situation was attributed to the staff involved fearing that punitive actions were taken as a consequence of the presentation of these events.
Genotipificación del gen MSP3 en pacientes con Malaria complicada
Authors: Espitia D Yeiner , Castro C Carlos , Rodríguez R Virginia , Causil Luis , Velasco P María Camila , Quintero P Gustavo , Yasnot A María Fernanda
Published: November 2019

Objective. The genetic diversity of the natural populations of Plasmodium vivax parasites was studied by studying the variable region ofthe Pvmsp-3α gene. Materials and methods. PCR-RFLP was performed in 29 samples of patients with P. vivax malaria with complications (PC) and 32 patients with P. vivax malaria with out complications (PNC), all patients from the Bajo-Córdoba-Uraba region, Highly endemicto malaria. Total blood samples were collected for DNA extraction using the saponin /chelex-100 technique. The RFLP technique was used using there striction en zymes HhA Iand AluI. Teneasily distinguis hablere striction patterns were detected after the PCR products were digested with the enzyme Alu I and 9 with the enzyme Hha I. Results. The Pvmsp-3α gene exhibited large polymorphismand the results suggest that this gene can be used in Colombia asa moleculare pidemiological marker for the genotypin go fP. vivax. Further more, the PH1 pattern with the AluIen zyme showed higher frequency in the complicated patients. Conclusions. The Pvmsp3 gene may be agenetic marker of variability in the circulating strain so fP. vivax and the PH1 suggest samarker for predicting a complication in patients with vivax malaria.
Obstáculos y retos para el desarrollo de sistemas de información en el sector salud.
Authors: Gutiérrez T Agustin T , Peña G Ricardo , Peña G Norma I , Rosario Cruz Roberto , López Silva Saúl
Published: November 2019

Objective. The purpose of  Information  Systems  in Health  (SIS)  is  to  improve  the  health  of  individuals and populations through the appropriate application of  knowledge  generated  by  the  organization  of information in such systems. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted through the experiences and results obtained in the development and implementation of an SIS. Results. The analysis of the requirements is the starting point for the development or acquisition of any software product. The SIS must consider the inclusion of the necessary data for the investigation and allow for its organization depending on the type of inquiry that will be carried out. It must simplify and accelerate access to critical information while controlling access to data, facilitate the statistical processing of large amounts of data, and finally facilitate the exchange of data between different systems. Conclusions. The set of obstacles and challenges for the development of the SIS listed in this article confirms the high complexity of this type of information systems for which mature and detailed planning is needed.
Circulación de cepas de Leptospira en zonas rurales de Ciénaga de Oro, Córdoba – Colombia.
Authors: Ensuncho H Carlos , Rodríguez R Virginia , Calderón Rangel Alfonso
Published: November 2019

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, which is cause of economic losses in farm animals with public health implications. Objetive. was to determine the presence of L. interrogans sensu lato in urine of cattle and water sources in rural areas from Córdoba (Colombia). Materials and methods. 78 urine samples were collected from cows and 39 samples of water for bacteriological culture and determination of the 16S rRNA gene from bacterial L. interrogans sensu lato. Although a definitive isolation was not achieved, L. interrogans sensu lato was detected by PCR in three urine samples and in one sample of waste water. Results. Circulation of L. interrogans sensu lato was confirmed by means PCR. Conclusions. These molecular evidences suggested the possibility of circulation of L. interrogans sensu lato in cows and water sources from rural areas of Ciénaga de Oro.
Cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas de elaboración de preparaciones magistrales estériles en institución de salud.
Authors: Villa Dangond Hiltony , Fuentes Fabra Ernesto , Chica Arrieta Ignacio , Espinosa Sáez Roger , Ocampo Rivero Mónica
Published: November 2019

Objective. To evaluate the compliance of the good practices of preparation of sterile master preparations in a health institution of the department of Córdoba to verify the application of   Resolution   0444   of   2008.   Materials   and   methods. Descriptive,  cross-sectional  study,  a  checklist  was  used  to  collect  the  information,  which  was  adjusted  to  Resolution  0444  of  2008,  in  which  the  Verification  Instrument  for Compliance with Good Practices for Preparation of Magistral Preparations in Colombia was adopted. 17 general criteria were verified, among which are 401 specific requirements, with a Critical, Major, Minor and Informative qualification. The study was carried out in the mixing plant of a Health Services Provider Institution, in the Department of Córdoba. The   information   collected   was   processed   in   Microsoft   Excel, version 2010, where descriptive statistics were used, tables were prepared for subsequent analysis Results. It was evidenced, a compliance in 56% of the verified standards, the others show a percentage above 80%, finding 27 findings of non-compliance throughout the process. Conclusion. In a quality assurance program, the processes and / or procedures must be documented, reviewed, trained and implemented; in order to achieve standardization and standardization of these, and obtain quality products, without endangering the safety of the patient.
Efectividad del Programa de Control de Tuberculosis en las entidades estatales. Departamento de Córdoba -Colombia 2015.
Authors: Tejada Vergara Beatriz , Villadiego Chamorro Marilyn , Amador Ahumada Concepción
Published: November 2019

Objective. To measure the effectiveness of the Tuberculosis Control Program in the different entities of the department of Córdoba. Materials and methods. This is a descriptive and retrospective study.  The researchers used data from the secondary sources relating to social, demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, treatment, final evolution, and diagnosis to analyze the behavior of the attention and the degree of therapeutic adherence to tuberculosis. Results.  In 2015, the prevalence of disease was 17 cases per 1000 inhabitants.  In four of the six geographic target areas, the prevalence exceeded the national average.  The regions with the highest incidence were the Alto Sinú and Alto San Jorge.  The lowest was the coastal and savanna areas.  79.2% of the cases were incidents, 18.8%, relapses, and 2.1%, treatment withdrawal. In 68.7% of the reviewed histories of the cases attended in the public network, no institutional evidence of activities performed to contacts was found. Patients go for the initial consultation after a period between 31 to 60 days of symptoms. 12.5% of the cases were diagnosed after 15 days of the initial consultation.  In 14.6% of the cases, the tuberculosis treatment started after 16 days of the patient’s initial meeting.  In 41.7%, negative sputum smear microscopy was achieved.  37.5% of those who completed their treatment but did not undergo BK at the end. 2.1% of the cases failed, and 14.6% died. The process ended with positive bacilloscopy. Conclusions. There are program management factors that delay in identifying the probable instances and initiate treatment promptly.
SALUD PÚBLICA: un campo de confrontación del paradigma disciplinar y transdisciplinar.
Authors: Castilla H Miguel Ángel , Guerra B María Fernanda , Villadiego P Elexa Martha
Published: November 2019

Objective.    To    review    and    evaluate    contradictory    conclusions about an approach to the focus of public health from the disciplinary and transdisciplinary paradigm, according to its practical implications and relevance in the educational field. Materials and methods.  A systematic review of scientific articles of indexed journals, on the object of study and practice of public health, ontology, and epistemology of disciplinary-transdisciplinary paradigms and the incidence of theories in the field of education. Results. Some articles describe the theoretical foundations of   disciplinary   and   transdisciplinary   paradigms, and   multi and interdisciplinary relations.  The concepts of the object of public health that reflected its polysemy and complexity were obtained, confronting each of the models and disciplinary tendencies.  Other articles refer to an existing offer between both standards and the need to update educational ideas to do the things pertinent to current needs.  Conclusions. The complexity of public health in the 21st century demands a conceptual update. Researchers can address the focus of a study of public health from transdisciplinarity, due to the methodological limitations of the disciplines.  There can be synergism between disciplinary and transdisciplinary models in the production of knowledge.  In practice, transdisciplinary theories are difficult; universities have the challenge of leading the transformation process and the introduction of training processes that allow future professionals in public health to find in transdisciplinarity, a tool to strengthen research and knowledge dialogue.
Accesibilidad a servicios preventivos en salud de jóvenes monterianos
Authors: Berrocal Narváez Neila , Hanna Lavalle Mónica , Petro Falón Luz , Martinez Padilla Maria Fernanda , Montalvo López Luis Gabriel
Published: November 2019

Objective. To Describe the geographic, economic, cultural and organizational characteristics related to accessibility and the effective access to preventive health services in 10-19 year-old school population in the city of Montería. Materials and methods. Descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study.  A sample of secondary, urban and rural educational schools was taken. 1.993 students were selected as a non-probabilistic sample to be applied a structured survey within five fundamental accessibility conditions: 1. Geographic, 2. Economic, 3 Cultural, 4. Administrative and 5. Effective access to health services. The information was consolidated and processed using the SPSS 22 software and presented in tables and graphs. Results. From 1993 young people 45.3% are men and 54.7% women, the average age was 15 years. 54.7% live in urban areas, 55% live near a health care center. More than 50% need to be accompanied to medical appointments and only 50% occasionally attend health services when they get sick, traditional medicine is not very requested. Conclusion. The main conclusion indicates that, among young people, little information about the functioning of the health care system was detected, which it is a barrier to make people use of services and access to promotion and prevention programs. The economic level of families is low, becoming transportation cost to medical consultations in a key factor to avoid it.
How Behavior Change Strategies are Used to Design Digital Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Among Patients With Hypertension: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Etminani Kobra , Tao Engström Arianna , Göransson Carina , Sant’Anna Anita , Nowaczyk Sławomir
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Information on how behavior change strategies have been used to design digital interventions (DIs) to improve blood pressure (BP) control or medication adherence (MA) for patients with hypertension is currently limited.

OBJECTIVE

Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can be controlled with appropriate medication. Many interventions that target MA to improve BP are increasingly using modern digital technologies. This systematic review was conducted to discover how DIs have been designed to improve MA and BP control among patients with hypertension in the recent 10 years. Results were mapped into a matrix of change objectives using the Intervention Mapping framework to guide future development of technologies to improve MA and BP control.

METHODS

We included all the studies regarding DI development to improve MA or BP control for patients with hypertension published in PubMed from 2008 to 2018. All the DI components were mapped into a matrix of change objectives using the Intervention Mapping technique by eliciting the key determinant factors (from patient and health care team and system levels) and targeted patient behaviors.

RESULTS

The analysis included 54 eligible studies. The determinants were considered at two levels: patient and health care team and system. The most commonly described determinants at the patient level were lack of education, lack of self-awareness, lack of self-efficacy, and forgetfulness. Clinical inertia and an inadequate health workforce were the most commonly targeted determinants at the health care team and system level. Taking medication, interactive patient-provider communication, self-measurement, and lifestyle management were the most cited patient behaviors at both levels. Most of the DIs did not include support from peers or family members, despite its reported effectiveness and the rate of social media penetration.

CONCLUSIONS

This review highlights the need to design a multifaceted DI that can be personalized according to patient behavior(s) that need to be changed to overcome the key determinant(s) of low adherence to medication or uncontrolled BP among patients with hypertension, considering different levels including patient and healthcare team and system involvement.
The Research Laboratory of the Mediterranean University
Authors: Capua Alberto De
Published: November 2019

The laboratory, called LAB RENEW MEL created to test new technologies for producing energy from renewable sources thanks to the decisions of the management committees of three projects funded under the National Operational Program for Research and Competitiveness 2007-2013:RENEW Project (2014-2016) Coordinator prof. Claudio De Capua (Note 5)MEL Project (2014-2016 Coordinator prof. Pasquale Fabio Filianoti (Note 6)GELMINCAL Project (2011-2014) Coordinator prof. Francesco Della Corte (Note 7)All three projects together have a budget of nearly thirty million Euros. These are substantial resources that can allow the Mediterranean to take on a role of excellence in research on renewables. The establishment of a research center aims to achieve this goal, involves three departments of the University of Reggio Calabria, two of Engineering area, the Department of Civil Engineering, Energy, Environment and Materials (DICEAM) and the Department of Information Engineering, Infrastructure and Sustainable Energy (DIIES) and one of Architecture area, the Department of Architecture and Territory (dArTe).The author of this article is also the designer together with professor Alessandro Villari and professor Angelo Di Chio, who have followed, from the initial stages, all aspects related to the relationship between the objectives of the research and those related to the implementation of the Laboratory.
A standard microcontroller based discrete-time PI for controlling the motion of a DC-gearmotor
Authors: Hernández-Rosales C. , Femat R. , Ruiz-Velázquez E. , Solí­s-Perales G.
Published: November 2019

This paper shows how the INTEL © D8751H microcontroller can be used to control the motion of a DC-Gearmotor. One advantage of this design is that does not require external memory RAM/EPROM to perform the control of the motor. A precision potentiometer and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) are used to measure the motor angular position. The ADC is driven by the ALE signal from the microcontroller; therefore an external signal clock is not required. In order to implement a discrete-time PI controller and a discrete-time filter, specific libraries were designed. Moreover, other libraries based on micro C® compiler, has been modified. Finally, experimental results show a good performance of the embedded system.
Semi‐formal specifications and formal verification improving the digital design: some statistics
Authors: Torres D. , Cortéz J. , González R.E.
Published: November 2019

In this work, an improvement of the traditional digital design methodology is proposed. The major change is the use of a semiformal specification for the code implementation, the use of a verification tool and the establishment of properties for the formal verification of Finite State Machines (FSM). From semi‐formal specifications, assertions were written using Property Specification Language (PSL) for an alignment circuit. Finally, a set of properties for the verification of this module were established and proved using a model checking tool. Our statistics proved that the whole design process was improved and considerable design time was saved.
Design, at transistor level, of a neuron with axonic delay
Authors: Mateos Santillán E. , Pérez Silva J. L.
Published: November 2019

An electronic neuron designed with only transistors, with the idea of being able to develop to future a VLSI integrated microcircuit is presented. The neuron is of leaky integrator type, with a ramp function with saturation type response and axonic delay. In this work we will present the mathematical model of our neuron, and its electronics main characteristics, as fundamental part of our simulation system, the neural analog computer.
Capacitive MEMS accelerometer wide range modeling using artificial neural network
Authors: Baharodimehr A. , Abolfazl Suratgar A. , Sadeghi H.
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a nonlinear model for a capacitive microelectromechanical accelerometer (MEMA). System parameters of the accelerometer are developed using the effect of cubic term of the folded‐flexure spring. To solve this equation, we use the FEA method. The neural network (NN) uses the Levenberg‐Marquardt (LM) method for training the system to have a more accurate response. The designed NN can identify and predict the displacement of the movable mass of accelerometer. The simulation results are very promising.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of rapidly solidified FeAlCr intermetallic compound
Authors: Rodrí­guez-Dí­az R. A. , Suárez M. , Juárez-Islas J. , Garnica-Romo M. G. , Arenas-Alatorre J. , Colí­n J.
Published: November 2019

In this work results regarding microstructural characterization of a melt‐spun intermetallic compound Fe40Al5Cr (% at.) produced by rapid solidification employing the melt spinning technique at three different tangential wheel speeds (12, 16 and 20 ms‐1) are presented. Melt spun ribbons were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to observe morphology, grain size, ribbon thickness and also fracture surfaces after tensile tests. EDS coupled to SEM was employed to perform punctual and scan line chemical analyses on samples, x‐ray diffraction (XRD) was utilized to identify crystal structure and phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to confirm crystal structure and also to characterize nanopores formed in the specimens by vacancy clustering. With regard to mechanical properties, micro hardness Vickers measurements as well as tensile tests at room temperature were applied to the rapidly solidified ribbons.The grain size of rapidly solidified Fe40Al5Cr ribbons suffered a drastic reduction as compared with alloys of the same composition produced by conventional melting and casting methods, and in melt‐spun ribbons it decreases as the wheel speed increases. Punctual and line‐scanning chemical analyses revealed that Cr enters in solid solution in FeAl matrix. Hardness measurements revealed a softening in rapidly solidified FeAlCr ribbons as compared with FeAl alloys and tensile test exhibited a (transgranular + intergranular) mode of fracture, reaching up to 3 % of elongation in FeAlCr alloys. The presence of porous (meso and nano) were also characterized.
A pattern recognition based esophageal speech enhancement system
Authors: Mantilla Caeiros A , Nakano Miyatake M , Perez Meana H
Published: November 2019

A system for improving the intelligibility and quality of alaryngeal speech based on the replacement of voiced segments of alaryngeal speech with the equivalent segments of normal speech is proposed. To this end, the system proposed identifies the voiced segments of the alaryngeal speech signal by using isolate speech recognition methods, and replaces them by their equivalent voiced segments of normal speech, keeping the silence and unvoiced segments without change. Evaluation results using objective and subjective evaluation methods show that the proposed system proposed provides a fairly good improvement of the quality and intelligibility of alaryngeal speech signals.
Experimental and Numerical Characterization of CaPaMan 2bis Operation
Authors: Hernandez Martinez E E , Conghui L , Carbone G , Ceccarelli M , LopezCajun C S
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the operation performance of CaPaMan 2bis (Cassino Parallel Manipulator 2 bis) was investigated through lab experimental tests and computer simulations. Milli‐CaTraSys (Milli‐Cassino Tracking System) was implemented to determine displacements and orientation variations of CaPaMan 2bis end‐effector during experimental tests. A 3D (three dimension) virtual model was built in ADAMS environment to simulate the operation behavior for different prescribed motions. Several prescribed motions have been simulated and tested under different conditions in order to characterize the system behavior. In particular, the kinematic characteristics were obtained from both, experimental tests and numerical simulations. Finally, experiment results and simulation computations were compared for purpose of performance evaluation and design characterization of the parallel manipulator structure and its prototype.
Scheduling strategy for Real-Time Distributed Systems
Authors: Menéndez-Leonel de Cervantes A. , Benítez-Pérez H.
Published: November 2019

The objective of this paper is to show the use of a global Scheduling Strategy based on the analysis of a Real-Time Distributed System. The use of a Networked Controlled System as a case study shows that the performance of the system depends not only on the sampling periods of its individual components, but also on the time dispersion amongst these periods. It is also shown that it is possible to have a schedulable but unstable RTDS.
Computation of the Euler Number of a Binary Image Composed of Hexagonal Cells
Authors: Sossa-Azuela J. H. , Cuevas-Jiménez E. V. , Zaldivar-Navarro D.
Published: November 2019

Most of the proposals to compute the Euler number of a binary image have been designed to work with images composed of squared cells. Only a few of these methods (in the case of images composed of hexagonal cells) havebeen reported in literature, although it is known that images composed of hexagonal cells do not suffer from the problems of connectivity frequently found in the case of images composed of squared cells. In this paper, a new way to compute the Euler number (E) of a binary image composed of hexagonal cells is presented. For this, the perimeter P of the isolated regions in the image, their contact perimeter c P and the type T of a cell are used to obtain this important invariant. The proposal can be used alone or in combination with other features to describe any binary planar shape composed of hexagonal pixels for its further recognition.