bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Access to Specialized, Including High-Tech Medical Care for Patients With the Coronary Artery Disease on Coronary Artery Disease Mortality in the Russian Federation
Authors: Oleynik B. A. , Starodubov V. I. , Evdakov V. A. , Abzalilova L. R.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To assess the effect of the availability of specialized, including high-tech, medical care for patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) on mortality from IHD in the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. To achieve the predetermined goal, we used cointegration of time series characterizing the mortality from IHD and the availability of specialized, including high-tech, medical care for patients with IHD in the Russian Federation for the period from 2015 to 2021: availability of cardiac beds; availability of cardiac surgery beds; availability of beds in regional vascular centers (RVC); availability of beds in primary vascular departments (PVD); availability of cardiologists in polyclinics; availability of cardiologists in hospitals; availability of cardiovascular surgeons (CVS) in hospitals; availability of interventional radiologists for endovascular diagnosis and treatment (EVDT) in hospitals; availability of therapeutic procedures of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS); availability of elective PCI procedures; availability of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Results. Cointegration tests showed a relationship between IHD mortality and the availability of beds at RVCs and PVDs and of CABG operations. Furthermore, an increase in the availability of RVC beds by 1 unit in each period results in a decrease in IHD mortality by 22.8 per 100,000 population during the year; an increase in the availability of PVD beds by 1 unit in each period results in a decrease in IHD mortality by 64.4 per 100,000 population during 2 years; and an increase in the availability of CABG by 1 unit in each period of time results in a decrease in IHD mortality by 34.8 per 100,000 population during 2 years.

Conclusion. Thus, the most promising directions for concentrating healthcare resources to quickly reduce IHD mortality are the further deployment of a network of RVCs and PVDs, as well as increasing the number of CABG operations
Adverse Events in Patients With Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Risk Stratification and Treatment Options
Authors: Varionchik N. V. , Blagova O. V. , Pavlenko E. V. , Nedostup A. V. , Sedov V. P. , Gagarina N. V. , Mershina E. A. , Sinitsyn V. E. , Polyak M. E. , Zaklyazminskaya E. V.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To study the clinical manifestations, incidence of life-threatening complications, and their possible mechanisms and outcomes of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) in adults.Material and methods. This study included 125 adult patients with LVNC, 74 men (59.2%) and 51 women (40.8%) aged 46.4±15.1 years. Echocardiography (EchoCG) (n=125), Holter monitoring (n=125), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=60), and contrast-enhanced multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the heart (n=90), and, if indicated, coronary angiography (CAG) (n=33) and myocardial scintigraphy (n=27) were performed. The diagnosis of LVNC was confirmed in 74 cases using two methods, and in 21 cases, using three imaging methods. DNA diagnostics was performed in most patients. For most patients, the level of anticardiac antibodies and the genome of cardiotropic viruses were determined in the blood. Mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was 38.6±14.0%; LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) was 158.1±67.8 ml; LV end-diastolic dimension (EDD) was 6.1±0.9 cm; and left atrial (LA) volume was 97.1±38.1 ml. The mean follow-up period was 14 months [4.0; 41.0]; from 1 month to 10 years.Results. Death rate was 14.4%; heart transplantation was performed in 5.6% of cases. Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) was detected in 45.6% of cases and sustained VT in 13.6%. The presence of VT was associated with poor R-wave progression in the precordial ECG leads, low QRS voltage, QRS duration >105 ms, NYHA chronic heart failure functional class (CHF FC) ≥2-3, LV EF <40%; LV EDD >6.1 cm, the presence of myocarditis, and higher death rate. Cardioverter defibrillators, including cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRTD), were implanted in 38 patients. Appropriate defibrillator shocks were associated with frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). The incidence of thrombosis and embolism was 22.4%. Their predictors included CHF FC ≥2-3, RV anteroposterior dimension >3.1 cm, LA volume >98 ml, E/A >1.65, LV EDD >6.3 cm, LV EDV >153 ml, LV EF <35%, and myocardial necrosis of unknown origin (in patients without coronary atherosclerosis). The incidence of myocardial necrosis in LVNC was 16.0%. The mechanisms identified, in addition to coronary atherosclerosis, were embolism in unchanged coronary arteries, secondary myocarditis, and the presence of genetically determined thrombophilia.Conclusion. LVNC is associated with a high risk of life-threatening conditions, such as ventricular arrhythmias, thrombosis and embolism, and myocardial necrosis, that are typical complications of LVNC in adults. Reassessing the predictors for the risk of thromboembolic and arrhythmic events, specifying the indications for implantable cardioverter defibrillator and anticoagulants, and actively identifying and treating concomitant myocarditis are essential.
Clinical and Economic Effectiveness of CT Angiography Methods in the Emergency Department for Intermediate-Risk Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Pershina E. S. , Shilova A. S. , Nesterov A. P. , Solovyova V. A. , Tuul D. M. , Shchekochikhin D. Yu. , Gilyarova E. M. , Kovalev K. V. , Magomedova Z. M. , Meshkov V. V. , Romashkina E. R. , Pakhomov P. V. , Ognerubov D. V. , Khayrullin I. I. , Sinitsyn V. E.
Published: July 2024

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of computed tomography angiography (CTA), which includes CT coronary angiography and a “triple rule-out” protocol, in intermediate-risk patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) in the emergency room (ER) of the regional vascular center in the structure of a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow.Material and methods. This continuous single-site study included patients hospitalized in a multidisciplinary hospital with a referral diagnosis of NSTEACS within 69 days. Patients at intermediate risk who met the inclusion criteria underwent CTA after the initial examination in the ER. If coronary artery disease or an alternative significant diagnosis was excluded, patients were discharged from the hospital on the day of admission. As a comparison method, the costs of treating these patients were assessed if a standard protocol was used. According to this protocol, patients, after the initial examination, were hospitalized in the intensive care unit for patients with myocardial infarction (ICU-MI) and then in the cardiology department for observation and further examination. Clinical economic analysis was performed using the cost minimization method and the tariff method of cost estimation.Results. For 69 days, 289 patients (59.5% men, mean age 71.7±8.6 years) were admitted to the ER with a referral diagnosis of NSTEACS. In 30 of them, a non-cardiological disease was identified that required routing to other specialized units. 37 (14.3%) of intermediate-risk patients underwent CTA. In 27 of them (10% of all patients), no significant coronary stenosis, signs of pulmonary embolism (PE), or aortic dissection were detected, and the patients were discharged from the ER. 10 patients (4% of all patients) who had significant coronary artery stenoses, PE, or aortic dissection were hospitalized. 72 intermediate-risk patients had exclusion criteria for CTA. The economic benefit from using CTA for excluding ACS in the ER, as compared to the standard approach, was 1,602,450 rubles for the study period. The estimated benefit per year was 8,476,728 rubles.Conclusion. The introduction of CTA and the “triple rule-out” protocol for intermediate-risk patients in the ER can significantly improve the process of excluding the diagnosis of NSTEACS, reduce the number of unnecessary hospitalizations and optimize the use of hospital capacity. According to the results of our study, this approach is applicable in at least 14% of patients with suspected NSTEACS (at least 33% of intermediate-risk patients).
Comparison of Antiarrhythmic Activity and Safety of Russian-Made Drugs Containing Lappaconitine Hydrobromide
Authors: Sizova Zh. М. , Shikh E. V. , Beloborodova A. V. , Kolkhir V. K. , Voskoboynikova I. V. , Polovikov I. P.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To compare the antiarrhythmic activity and safety of two Russian-made drugs, Laporitmin (PharmVILAR) and Allapinin (Pharmcenter VILAR) in premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in patients without structural heart pathology.

Material and methods. The study included 100 subjects divided into 2 groups; the follow-up period was 3 weeks. The drug efficacy was assessed based on the results of ECG monitoring and Holter ECG monitoring (ECG-HM).

Results. A comparative analysis of the antiarrhythmic activity and safety of the drugs containing lappaconitine hydrobromide showed a comparably high clinical efficacy and good tolerability of the original drug Allapinin and the generic drug Laporitmin for PVCs. According to the results of ECG monitoring, the number of PVCs significantly decreased from 2 (2-6) to 0 (0-1) in patients of the main group (Laporitmin treatment group) and from 2 (2-7) to 0 (0-2) in patients of the control group (Allapinin treatment group) (p>0.05); according to the ECG-HM data, the number of PVCs significantly decreased by 88.2 Δ% in the main group and by 87.5 Δ% in the control group (p <0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the primary effectiveness criterion between the main and control groups (F statistic = 1.41; p = 0.23).

Conclusion. The comparative analysis of the original drug Allapinin and the generic drug Laporitmin for PVCs in patients without structural heart pathology who had indications for antiarrhythmic therapy did not detect statistically significant differences in the primary criterion of effectiveness. Therapy with either drug showed a comparably high efficacy in reducing the number of PVCs by more than 75∆%, which was established as a criterion for primary effectiveness in the clinical trial protocol. Both drugs were well tolerated.
Desafios e oportunidades do metaverso na Educação: uma análise das funções cognitivas e implicações pedagógicas
Authors: Brito Samara Da Silva , Medeiros Francisco Petrônio Alencar de
Published: July 2024

A era da revolução tecnológica apresenta um cenário repleto de desafios e oportunidades em diversas esferas, com destaque para a educação, que tem se mostrado receptiva às inovações, incluindo o Metaverso. Fundamentado teoricamente como um ambiente virtual coletivo, imersivo e persistente na construção do conhecimento, o Metaverso é reconhecido por sua capacidade de estimular processos neuropsicológicos, como atenção, percepção e motivação, potencialmente enriquecendo o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Este estudo, conduzido como um mapeamento sistemático ou revisão de escopo visa investigar as funções cognitivas no contexto da aprendizagem no Metaverso, utilizando uma abordagem interdisciplinar baseada na Tecnologia e na Psicologia. A metodologia adotada abrange um estudo exploratório e descritivo, desde a definição das questões de pesquisa até a seleção criteriosa de fontes e a análise dos dados coletados. Os resultados obtidos revelam que os ambientes imersivos do Metaverso têm potencial para servir como poderosas ferramentas educacionais, capazes de promover a construção e o registro do conhecimento sob a mediação do docente, além de estimular aspectos cognitivos e sociais dos alunos. No entanto, surgem preocupações pertinentes em relação a possíveis sobrecargas cognitivas dos estudantes e questões éticas e de segurança, especialmente devido à exploração inicial desses ambientes na educação.
„…szczerze się żałuje Sołowków! Jakbym drogo dał, żebym się tam na powrót znalazł…”. Warunki przebywania kapłanów na zesłaniu w świetle listu ks. Antoniego Wasilewskiego
Authors: Wodzianowska Irena
Published: July 2024

Ks. Antoni Wasilewski, duszpasterz i dziekan moskiewski oraz rektor podziemnego seminarium duchownego w Leningradzie, był kilkakrotnie usuwany ze stanowiska i aresztowany zarówno w okresie carskiej Rosji, jak i po nastaniu rządów bolszewików. Trzykrotnie aresztowany, przebywał w więzieniach moskiewskich i leningradzkich oraz na Sołowkach (Wyspach Sołowieckich). Z łagru został skierowany, w stanie wycieńczenia, na zesłanie do Uzbekistanu. Tam, w warunkach skrajnej nędzy, przeżył niespełna dwa lata. Nieznana jest ani data jego śmierci, ani miejsce pochówku. Prezentowany list z zesłania przedstawia zarówno warunki transportu więźniów, jak i ich pobytu w azjatyckich miejscowościach.
Raport urzędowy z 1866 roku o sytuacji księży zesłańców w Tunce na Syberii Wschodniej
Authors: Niebelski Eugeniusz
Published: July 2024

W niniejszej pracy jest prezentowany dokument dotychczas niepublikowany ani też niecytowany w literaturze historycznej, znajdujący się w zbiorach GAIO – Государственный архив Иркутской области [Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Irkutskoy oblasti] w Irkucku, fond 24, opis 3, karton 2226, dieło 11, listok 31-32. Jest to raport mówiący o sytuacji pierwszych kilkudziesięciu duchownych przesiedlonych do wioski Tunka na Syberii Wschodniej wiosną 1866 r. celem izolowania ich od innych zesłańców, na których – wedle wiedzy władz – mieli „szkodliwy wpływ (вредное влиянье [vrednoye vliyan'ye])”, umacniając ich „religijny fanatyzm”, oraz dla ściślejszej kontroli nad nimi, Dokument jest publikowany w oryginalnej, czyli rosyjskiej wersji językowej, ale został poprzedzony polskojęzycznym wstępem autorstwa Eugeniusza Niebelskiego, informującym o jego historii i zawartości oraz samej Tunce. Raport sporządził major Michaił Kupienkow (wcześniej Kupienko) po wcześniejszej swojej inspekcji w Tunce.
List ks. Waleriana Gromadzkiego z 1889 roku o kościele w Tomsku
Authors: Niebelski Eugeniusz
Published: July 2024

Tekst zawiera krótkie wspomnienie o znanym w literaturze historycznej misjonarzu Kościoła katolickiego na Syberii Zachodniej – ks. Walerianie Gromadzkim, proboszczu w Tomsku, który na Syberii spędził blisko 40 lat, oraz jego list z listopada 1889 r., skierowany do warszawskiego czasopisma „Przegląd Katolicki”. W swoim liście ks. Gromadzki opisuje historię misji i dzieje kościoła w Tomsku, wymieniając wiele nazwisk ojców jezuitów i bernardynów, którzy w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku pracowali na Syberii, tworząc podwaliny Kościoła katolickiego.
Napady na duchownych i zabójstwa księży osiedlonych w Tunce na Syberii. Lata po 1866 r.
Authors: Niebelski Eugeniusz
Published: July 2024

Tekst prezentuje fragment losów księży zesłańców (uczestników powstania 1863 r.), osiedlonych na Syberii Wschodniej w Tunce, w okolicach Bajkału: koncentruje się na stosunku miejscowej ludności do „polskich buntowników” i opisach ich prześladowań – na napadach i zabójstwach księży, dokonywanych przez tuziemców i miejscowych kozaków. Opisuje m.in. indywidualne historie prześladowanych duchownych: Eliasza Garbowskiego, Józefa Klimkiewicza i Franciszka Kozłowskiego (ciężko pobici i zranieni), Ignacego Klimowicza i Anioła Sosnowskiego (okradani), ks. Józefa Pawłowskiego (bestialsko zamordowany). Zawiera także trzy krótkie teksty dokumentowe ilustrujące tamte zdarzenia.
Kościół greckokatolicki w Małopolsce Wschodniej wobec Wielkiego Głodu na Ukrainie w latach 1932-1933
Authors: Ryba Mieczysław
Published: July 2024

Artykuł dotyczy działań Kościoła greckokatolickiego w Małopolsce Wschodniej w odniesieniu do Wielkiego Głodu na Ukrainie wywołanego polityką kolektywizacyjną Stalina na Ukrainie. Kościół greckokatolicki stał u spodu ukraińskiego ruchu narodowego w Galicji Wschodniej, dlatego starał się reagować na wszystkie ważniejsze problemy polityczne dotyczące narodu ukraińskiego. Wielki Głód w latach 1932-1933 sztucznie wywołany przez Kreml, spowodował reakcję biskupów greckokatolickich, którzy jednoznacznie potępili zbrodniczą politykę Sowietów. Było to dobrze przyjęte przez kręgi polityczne w Polsce, jednoznacznie odrzucające komunizm. Tym niemniej w obliczu represyjnych działań Sowietów nie doszło do pojednania polsko-ukraińskiego w Rzeczpospolitej, mimo dużych wysiłków różnych ludzi zmierzających w tym kierunku. Jednym z najbardziej zaangażowanych osobistości w proces pojednania był biskup Grzegorz Chomyszyn.
Miasto i uniwersytet. Lublin w relacji z podróży po Polsce ks. Wacława Kruszki w 1923 r.
Authors: Sieradzki Paweł
Published: July 2024

W 1923 r. proboszcz parafii św. Wojciecha w Milwaukee ks. Wacław Kruszka wracając z Rzymu, gdzie przedstawił papieżowi Piusowi XI i Kurii Rzymskiej memoriał w sprawie mianowania polskich biskupów w Stanach Zjednoczonych, odbył podróż do stolic biskupich w Polsce. Przybył również do Lublina. W czasie jednodniowego pobytu ten znany historyk Polonii amerykańskiej odwiedził najważniejsze miejsca w ówczesnym Lublinie. Odbył także spotkania z lubelskimi biskupami – ordynariuszem Marianem Fulmanem i sufraganem Adolfem Jełowickim, prosząc ich o opinię i wsparcie dla problemu, który od lat nurtował polskich katolików w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Zwiedził uniwersytet, zamek i kościół oo. Dominikanów oraz miejsce, gdzie rozpoczynano budowę jezuickiego kolegium Bobolanum. Relację z pobytu w Polsce wysyłał jako korespondent do prasy polonijnej w USA oraz wydał ją jako osobną pozycję książkową.
O średniowiecznych Prusach i Prusakach
Authors: Ptak Jan
Published: July 2024

Występujący w średniowiecznych tekstach łacińskich termin Prutheni (ewentualnie Pruteni) aż do końca XIII wieku oznaczał pierwotnych (bałtyjskich) mieszkańców Prus. W XIV wieku, po ich ujarzmieniu przez zakon krzyżacki, zaczęto odnosić tę nazwę do wszystkich mieszkańców tego kraju, niezależnie od ich etnicznej przynależności – staropruskiej, niemieckiej czy polskiej. Stąd mogą pojawiać się wątpliwości, w jakim znaczeniu występuje ten termin w konkretnych zapisach źródłowych z epoki późnego średniowiecza. W polskim piśmiennictwie od wieków są stosowane dwa odpowiedniki tej nazwy: Prusowie i Prusacy. Obecnie pierwszy z nich jest używany jako jedyny na oznaczenie pruskich autochtonów, drugim zaś obejmuje się całą ludność zamieszkującą Prusy pod władzą krzyżacką, jak też w czasach późniejszych. W przeszłości jednak Prusakami nazywano w polskiej literaturze także Prusów etnicznych.
Źródła do najnowszej historii Polski w niemieckich archiwach
Authors: Krochmal Anna
Published: July 2024

Relacje polityczne, gospodarcze i kulturalne między Polską a Niemcami mają wielowiekową tradycję. Materiały do historii Polski i relacji polsko-niemieckich przechowywane są w większości ważniejszych archiwów państwowych rozmieszczonych w różnych regionach Niemiec. Są to zarówno archiwa o charakterze centralnym, jak i szczebla regionalnego w poszczególnych landach. Główną instytucją gromadzącą zasób historyczny, w tym liczne polonika do XIX i XX wieku, jest Archiwum Federalne (Bundesarchiv) z siedzibą w Koblencji. Równie ważne materiały historyczne, w tym dokumenty dotyczące II wojny światowej przechowują oddziały Archiwum Federalnego mieszczące się w Berlinie oraz Ludwigsburgu, Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe we Freiburgu, Archiwum Międzynarodowej Służby Poszukiwań w Bad Arolsen, czy też instytucja o charakterze prywatnym, jaką jest Fundacja Pruskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego w Berlinie. Niemal zupełnie nierozpoznane przez polskich historyków pozostają niemieckie archiwa państwowe Północnej Nadrenii-Westfalii zlokalizowane w Düsseldorfie oraz Münster, przechowujące wiele grup archiwaliów dotyczących okupacji ziem polskich oraz losów ludności polskiej w latach 1939-1945.
Dostęp do poloników i innych źródeł do historii Polski w instytucjach niemieckich ułatwia cyfryzacja tych zasobów, jak też coraz lepsze ich rozpoznanie w ramach różnych projektów prowadzonych przez polskie archiwa państwowe. Największą inicjatywą realizowaną od ponad dwudziestu lat jest program Reconstitution of the Memory of Poland (Odtworzenie Pamięci Polski), w ramach którego rejestrowane są polonika w Niemczech i innych państwach Europy.
Jeńcy na średniowiecznym polu bitwy. Wybrane przykłady
Authors: Niewiński Andrzej
Published: July 2024

Walczący staje się jeńcem w wyniku klęski odniesionej podczas działań zbrojnych. W artykule przedstawiono (na wybranych przykładach) losy jeńca wojennego w pierwszym okresie od momentu pojmania na polu bitwy. Głównym celem poddania się było zachowanie życia, co jednak nie zawsze odnosiło pożądany skutek, gdyż ostatnie słowo należało do zwycięzcy. Pomimo tego, że etos rycerski regulował zasady honorowego poddawania się na polu bitwy, jeniec pozostawał przeciwnikiem zwycięzcy, co oznaczało, że nie musiał być traktowany życzliwie. Co prawda, obyczajowość militarna cywilizowała się pod wpływem wartości składających się na etos rycerski, jednakże masowe egzekucje pojmanych jeszcze w trakcie działań zbrojnych wynikające z dążenia do całkowitej eksterminacji przeciwnika były dość często stosowane w epoce średniowiecza. Znaczniejszych jeńców wykorzystywano do identyfikacji ciał poległych towarzyszy, rannych pojmanych opatrywano, wszystkich zaś zachowanych przy życiu obligowano do wykupienia się z niewoli.
Komandor Stanisław Mieszkowski (1903-1952) – ofiara represji sowieckich w latach 1939-1956
Authors: Nawrot Dariusz Michał
Published: July 2024

Okres stalinizmu to jeden z najbardziej dramatycznych rozdziałów w dziejach Marynarki Wojennej. W tym okresie marynarze, którzy w opinii generała Władysława Sikorskiego zapisali się złotym zgłoskami[1] w historii Polski, za wierność wartościom wyniesionym z II Rzeczypospolitej płacili najwyższą cenę: upokorzenia, uwięzienia a także i śmierci. Jedną z tragicznych ofiar stalinowskich represji był komandor Stanisław Mieszkowski – młodociany ochotnik w wojnie 1920 r., obrońca Wybrzeża w 1939 r. oraz jeden z najbardziej zasłużonych oficerów po II wojnie światowej. W latach 1945-1950 pełnił m.in. obowiązki: komendanta portu Kołobrzeg, dowódcy Flotylli Trałowców, komendanta Oficerskiej Szkoły Marynarki Wojennej, szefa sztabu Głównego Marynarki Wojennej i dowódcy Floty. Ten nieprzeciętny oficer, bezgranicznie oddany biało-czerwonej banderze, aresztowany 20 października 1950 r. przez oficerów Zarządu Informacji Marynarki Wojennej pod nieprawdziwym zarzutem szpiegostwa, wyrokiem Najwyższego Sądu Wojskowego został skazany na karę śmierci. Wyrok wykonano 16 grudnia 1952 r. w więzieniu przy ul. Rakowieckiej w Warszawie. Jego losy to swoista egzemplifikacja dziejów kadry oficerskiej Marynarki Wojennej II RP w latach stalinizmu.
 [1]  Archiwum Instytutu Polskiego i Muzeum im. gen. W. Sikorskiego w Londynie, Akta Kierownictwa Marynarki Wojennej [KMW], MAR.A.V.21, ORP „Kujawiak”, s. 111.
The definition of “pedagogy” in reality today
Authors: Sradzhev Viktor P. ,   Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture, Borozdina Olga O. ,   Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Among many definitions, the most recognized is the definition according to which pedagogy is the science of human upbringing. This position often conflicts with practice. If pedagogy is a science, then many aspects of pedagogical activity go beyond its scope. Hence the purpose of the article: to search for the content of the term “pedagogy”, reflecting the objective nature of this phenomenon. The methodological basis of the article is a systematic approach, and its research method is the ascent from the abstract to the concrete. Results. As you know, one of the signs of science is the presence of a field of study. In pedagogical science, it is the study of processes associated with learning, education and human development. However, it is natural to assume that pedagogy is inextricably linked with teaching practice. The object of its activity is the implementation of the functions of training, education and development of pupils and students. Therefore, if we understand pedagogy not as a science, but as a way of doing things, we resolve the main contradiction: the transfer of the properties of a part of an object to the entire object, and the term “pedagogy” unites its scientific and practical sides into a single system. But to determine its essence, it is necessary to indicate one more systemic quality, designated as socialization. Therefore, pedagogy is presented as a field of educational activities aimed at the socialization of the individual. This formulation will make it possible to solve emerging educational and pedagogical problems from a systemic perspective, to involve science in solving the most pressing issues of training and education of youth, organizing the educational process, and determining socially relevant educational goals. Conclusion. But assuming that pedagogy is not a science, one cannot ignore the fact that scientific research is an integral part of it. This area of pedagogy can be called the theory of pedagogy.
Development of professional identity of high school students within the framework of the activities of a school psychologist
Authors: Chukhleb Olga I. ,   Belgorod Pedagogical College, Godovnikova Larisa V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The professional identity of high school students is studied by a school psychologist as part of career guidance classes in high school. The activity of a psychologist is in demand, since most students lack the ability to decide on a profession. It is through the development of professional identity that a high school student's personality is formed and his/her ideas about his/her future professional sphere are shaped. The purpose of the article is to examine the development of professional identity in high school students within the context of the activities of a school psychologist. This is achieved through the use of active socio-psychological training, which helps students to form ideas about their future professional activities. Materials and methods. The following methods were employed: The following instruments were employed in the study: “The Professional intentions” (E.F. Zeer), “The Orientation” questionnaire (I.L. Solomina), and “The Methodology for Studying the Statuses of Professional Identity” (A.A. Azbel, A.G. Gretsova). The study was conducted on the basis of the Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution “Gymnasium № 2” in Belgorod, which was attended by high school students in the number of 50 individuals. The empirical data were processed in the SPSS Statistical 25 program. In the course of mathematical and statistical data processing, a nonparametric mathematical method was used for two dependent samples, the Wilcoxon T-test and the interpretation of the study results. The results of the study revealed that the implementation of the specially developed author's program “Me and my future profession” was effective, as students formed an idea about their future professional activities. During the implementation of the development programme there were changes in the level of professional identity of the students, namely the degree of expression of the formed professional identity increased from 7.95 to 9.78 cf. points. Conclusion. The hypothesis that the development of professional identity of high school students within the framework of the activities of a school psychologist will be effective in the formation of professional selfawareness and emotional and evaluative attitude towards oneself was confirmed at a reliable level of statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05).
The model of public assessment of local authority
Authors: Grigorik Nikita N. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: July 2024

Public assessment of authorities is an important part of socio-political processes. It unites the interests of the participants in the development of the local territory. The importance and significance of public assessment is determined by the role in explaining the processes of socio-political interaction, communication, formation and development of social processes. It makes it possible to search for different management solutions and choose the most acceptable, optimal one. In addition, public assessment is important in determining goals, indicators, tasks for the development of social processes and the main resources for their implementation. The joint activity of the population and authorities is necessary to develop optimal, mutually acceptable and coordinated management decisions. Currently, significant barriers are a certain level of randomness of some methods of public assessment of the activities of local authorities, as well as inconsistency between the basis of assessment of local authorities, management principles and their practical implementation. Often, public assessment is not taken into account in decisions made by local authorities, or local communities focus their attention on certain, repeatable ways of interacting with the authorities and ignore the rest. The article concludes that public assessment has the character of feedback from the population to local authorities. This manifests itself as an evaluative reaction to their activities in the form of information, formed and experienced value and activity orientations. It involves the local community in the management system of the local territory through single or repeatable and sustainable practices of their interaction. In the totality of its manifestations, the public assessment of the activities of local authorities defines the local community as a participant and subject of socio-political relations at the local level. The proposed assessment model includes and describes the socio-political interaction of the population and local authorities, which acquires a public character due to the embodiment of public power by the population and the implementation of public participation.
Social participation vs rating voting as part of decision making to create a comfortable urban environment
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir S. ,   Institute of Sociology, Federal Center for Theoretical and Applied Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

We continue to study trends and attempts to reform territorial-settlement objects in the style of a “breakthrough”, namely, on the basis of highlighting national goals and a new project approach to the development of territories. The article raises the question of the significance, pros and cons of those mechanisms that are currently involved in the implementation of the tasks of urban planning and city regulation policy. Projects and programs implemented by the state for systemic changes in the urban environment are considered. In particular, sensitive topics are touched upon, which today concern both various departments, so is the population, namely in the context of the implementation of the federal project “Formation of a comfortable urban environment” of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment”, which is a continuation of the priority project “Formation of a comfortable urban environment” and was implemented in the period 2017-2018, and from May 7, 2024 it will be transformed into a new one – “Infrastructure for Life”. Since 2018, the project has been implemented by a rating voting mechanism based on mass participation of the population, the functionality of which is to organize the selection of territories for improvement and create a comfortable urban environment. In this regard, the article raises the following questions: can rating voting really be attributed to the mechanisms of socially-based urban development, considered an important element in managing the development of territories, an element of social participation technology? Or based on the practice of project management of the development of territories, the proposed mechanisms are only manipulative practices and new forms of imitation of management in the context of the development and implementation of urban planning solutions? Taking into account the fact that there is still no adequate resettlement system in the country, and new urban planning approaches that have not been tested in practice are being launched from above, such as integrated territorial development, we come to the conclusion that the principles of technocratic management remain dominant, the framework of which is the policy of urban planning and city regulation. As a result, the question is raised about the transition to a socially justified city system based on the principles of social participation.
Phase complex modeling and experimental identification of the compositions of low-melting electrolyte mixtures in the stable triangle LiF-NaF-KCl of the quaternary reciprocal system Li+,Na+,K+||F−,Cl−
Authors: Burchakov Alexander V. ,   Samara State Technical University, Emelyanova Ulyana A. , Garkushin Ivan K. , Dvoryanova Ekaterina M. , Finogenov Anton A. ,   Samara State Technical University,   Samara State Technical University,   Samara State Technical University,   Samara State Technical University
Published: July 2024

Alkali metal halides are used as heat-storing materials, electrolytes for chemical power sources and solvents for inorganic substances. Using three-dimensional vector graphics software, a 3D model of the phase equilibrium states of the quasi-ternary system LiF-NaF-KCl, which is a stable triangle of the four-component reciprocal system Li+,Na+,K+||F-,Cl, was constructed. Based on the 3D model, the polythermal and isothermal sections and the polytherm of crystallization of the phases were constructed for the first time. The stable nature of the LiF-NaF-KCl triangle is confirmed by thermodynamic calculations for several temperatures of interaction of mixtures of the substances being a part of the unstable LiCl-NaF-KF triangle. The crystallization polytherm allows us to select mixture compositions in the temperature range from 590 to 650 and from 590 to 700°C for practical use as molten electrolytes for mid-temperature chemical current sources.
Lithium borates as a surface protective layer for lithium-manganese spinel
Authors: Koshkina Anastasia A. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Yaroslavtseva Tatiana V. , Urusova Natalia V. , Reznizkikh Olga G. , Khrustalev Mikhail A. , Nefedova Ksenia V. , Zhuravlev Viktor D. , Bushkova Olga V. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry
Published: July 2024

The protective properties of the coating applied to the surface of lithium-manganese spinel (LiMn2O4), using the eutectic composition of Li2O : B2O3 = 47 : 53 (wt.) with the melting point of 650°C, were studied. The content of the eutectic lithium borate varied from 1% to 10%. The electrochemical behavior of the obtained materials in the cathode half-cells of lithium-ion battery was studied at room temperature. It was shown that an abnormally large decrease in the specific capacity of lithium-manganese spinel took place simultaneously with the stabilizing effect. The side chemical reactions that occur between LiMn2O4 and the eutectic lithium borate during annealing while applying a protective layer were analyzed. The chemical stability of lithium-manganese spinel (LiMn2O4) and the manganese-containing solid solution with the layered structure, LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2, with respect to enriched lithium borates, was compared.
Distribution of reptiles in Northwestern Turkmenistan
Authors: Shestopal A. A. ,   National Institute of Deserts, Flora and Fauna of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Turkmenistan, Shcherbina A. A. ,   National Institute of Deserts, Flora and Fauna of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Turkmenistan
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the modern distribution of reptiles in Northwestern Turkmenistan. According to literary data and observations of the authors, 36 species of reptiles have been recorded in the region, including one new species Alsophylax sp. Two species (Eryx elegans and Trachylepis septemtaeniata transcaucasica) are excluded from the list of herpetofauna of the region. In the future, it is possible to discover four new species in Northwestern Turkmenistan (Alsophylax pipiens, Mediodactylus spinicaudus, Pseudopus apodus, Boiga trigonata melanocephala).
On the issue of the thermal adaptation of the larvae caucasian brown frog Rаna macrocnemis Boulenger, 1885 (Amphibia, Ranidae) to low-temperature environmental conditions
Authors: Gazimagomedova I. K. ,   Dagestan State University
Published: July 2024

The results of the study of hematological parameters of the blood of the larvae caucasian brown frog Rana macrocnemis and the total activity of catalase compared with adults and at different temperature conditions: at 23°C and after five days of hypothermia at 5°C. Differences in the blood formula were revealed in different periods of ontogenesis and under the influence of artificial hypothermia. The number of erythrocytes in tadpoles at the 28–30 stage of development according to Gosner is 2 times less than in adult frogs, a lymphocytic profile is noted in the blood of larvae and adults. The content of lymphocytes is slightly higher at the larval stage, and eosinophils, basophils and monocytes – in adults. With hypothermia in the blood of tadpoles, a decrease in eosinophils and neutrophils was noted against the background of an increase in the level of immunocompetent cells. With low-temperature exposure, catalase activity in the body of tadpoles decreased by 2 times at the 34th stage, and by 1.3 times at the 40th stage, that is, before metamorphosis, antioxidant protection decreases. The dependence of catalase activity on temperature in adult frogs with hypothermia has not been noted, which allows us to conclude that the enzyme's tolerance to temperature changes increases as it develops in ontogenesis. The revealed changes in the studied parameters are adaptive in nature.
Numerical Study of Optimal Combustion in Tangentially Fired Coal Boiler 625 MW by Considering Rear Pass Temperature
Authors: Yudha Alam Tri , Wahjudi Arif
Published: July 2024

Tangentially fired boilers have a burner system within a single actuator group and a SOFA system that controls the fuel and air distribution to generate boiler combustion in the furnace. The goal of this study was to determine optimal combustion by statistically examining the effect of changes in the burner and SOFA angles on the response of rear pass boiler temperature and NOx concentration in tangentially burned boilers. (1) Tilting burner angles of +30⁰, +15⁰, 0⁰, –15⁰, and –30⁰, and (2) SOFA tilting and yawing angles of –15⁰, –8⁰, 0⁰, +8⁰, +15⁰ were used in this study. The GA (Genetic Algorithm) approach and CFD software were utilized to optimize the rear pass temperature and NOx content response. The simulation results data were then examined using ANOVA, and it was discovered that tilting burner and tilting SOFA have a substantial effect on response, however, yaw SOFA does not. In this scenario, the resulting angle variations for tilting burner, SOFA-tilt, and SOFA-yaw are +11⁰, –15⁰, and 2⁰, respectively. The optimal angle adjustments result in rear pass temperatures of 821.33 ⁰K and 816.27 ⁰K, with a slight fluctuation of 5.06 ⁰K. This was in contrast to the preceding conditions, when the rear pass temperatures of sides A and B were 781.32 ⁰K and 767.83 ⁰K, respectively, resulting in a 13.49 ⁰K difference.
Keywords: tilting burner, tilting and yawing SOFA, rear pass temperature, NOx, GA and CFD method
Género y rol iniciador en las rupturas sentimentales: diferencias en el afrontamiento
Authors: Sánchez-Porro David , Silva-Vicuña Julius
Published: July 2024

Las rupturas sentimentales implican gran sufrimiento a nivel psicológico y emocional. Sin embargo, existen factores que permiten alcanzar un adecuado bienestar a los sujetos. El Modelo de Procesamiento Dual propone dos tipos de tareas (orientadas a la pérdida y a la restauración de la vida) que se deben realizar para afrontar una ruptura. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las diferencias en el uso de estas estrategias dependiendo del género de los individuos y de su rol en el inicio de la ruptura. Los resultados concluyen que las mujeres afrontan las rupturas a través de estrategias de restauración. Atendiendo al rol iniciador, cuando la ruptura se produce por decisión mutua, se emplean principalmente estrategias centradas en la pérdida.
Liderazgo distribuido en escuelas de Chile: desafíos en contexto de pandemia
Authors: Ahumada Luis , Castro Soledad , Barrientos Luna , Durán Valeska
Published: July 2024

La pandemia producida por el COVID-19 significó una gran tensión y desafíos para las escuelas. En este contexto, el liderazgo distribuido emergió como un enfoque oportuno y pertinente para comprender los cambios que adoptaron las escuelas. En esta investigación, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a directivos de 5 escuelas, se profundizó en cómo se enfrentó la pandemia, las acciones que se realizaron, quienes estuvieron involucrados, los aprendizajes y proyecciones. Los resultados muestran que docentes y equipo psicosocial aparecieron como actores relevantes. El vínculo con apoderados y estudiantes, que requerían de apoyo socioemocional o técnico asociado al uso de la metodología de enseñanza y aprendizaje virtual, apareció como otro aspecto relevante.
Función e importancia de los Centros de Auto Acceso (CAA) en la Universidad Veracruzana
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Diana Iveth
Published: July 2024

El presente texto hace una breve revisión en la literatura y de las páginas oficiales con el fin de explicar el uso, función e importancia de los centros de auto acceso (CAA) de la Universidad veracruzana (UV), partiendo de la explicación de su fundación en esta institución, sus tareas, y por último la situación actual del centro de auto acceso de la Facultad de Idiomas que es en el que he tenido la oportunidad de colaborar. También se analiza la función del docente-asesor como promotor del aprendizaje autónomo y guía del alumno en esta transición a llegar a ser un entudiante independiente y desarrollar sus propias habilidades en el aprendizaje autodidacta. Por último, se analizan las perspectivas que se pueden observar de las investigaciones realizadas sobre los centros de auto acceso en México y en la UV entre las que destacan temas relacionados tanto a la eficacia como las deficiencias de los centros de auto acceso
Validación e implementación de tecnologías de propagación de semillas de arracacha
Authors: Álvarez-Herrera Javier Giovanni , Ruiz-Berrío Hernán David , Jaime-Guerrero Marilcen , Molano Julián Mauricio , Pinto Acero Liney , Perry Rubio Santiago , Piedrahita Lorena , Perry Galvis Alejandra
Published: July 2024

La arracacha es considerada un alimento ancestral con gran importancia para la seguridad alimentaria mundial. Sin embargo, la falta de conocimientos técnicos en cuanto al manejo fitosanitario de las semillas ha conllevado al deterioro de este cultivo, lo que genera en la actualidad una reducción en los rendimientos y poca presencia en los mercados. Por lo anterior, junto a comunidades rurales de los municipios de Jenesano, Ramiriquí y Boyacá, se llevó a cabo una recopilación de investigaciones y actividades de transferencia de tecnología que abordaron el manejo adecuado de la propagación y obtención de semillas in vitro y su comercialización, con el fin de mejorar la producción y preservar la biodiversidad del cultivo. De esta manera, se realizó una descripción de los diferentes cultivares de arracacha existentes en la zona y las principales técnicas de selección de plantas y enraizamiento de colinos; además, se presentaron técnicas de multiplicación in vitro en donde se detallaron las fases, materiales, medios de propagación y su preparación. También se evaluó el efecto de distintos métodos de propagación in vitro y, mediante la investigación participativa, hubo un registro de la generación de conocimiento sobre habilidades sociales y empresariales de las comunidades en cuanto a la comercialización de semilla de arracacha. A su vez, se presentaron de manera clara los diferentes procedimientos para el cultivo in vitro de arracacha y, así mismo, se definieron los tratamientos con hormonas vegetales que presentaron los mejores resultados en el crecimiento de propágulos para la reproducción de material. Además, los requerimientos para la realización de una adecuada multiplicación in vitro fueron detallados y se analizaron tratamientos de desinfección de explantes, con el fin de disminuir la contaminación y muerte celular. Finalmente, se consolidó un procedimiento para la comercialización de la semilla de arracacha, en el cual, mediante capacitaciones con agricultores, se afianzaron procesos de comercialización y estrategias empresariales.
Antecedente de enfermedad por COVID-19 asociado a presencia de sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa en adultos mayores que se atienden en el Hospital Sabogal durante el año 2021-2022
Authors:   , Jurupe Paredes Gianfranco , Segura Miranda Georgina
Published: July 2024

Antecedentes: A nivel nacional son pocos los estudios realizados para analizar la prevalencia de depresión y ansiedad en población adulta mayor. A raíz de la pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19 se ha visto un claro aumento de casos de depresión y ansiedad a nivel mundial, por lo que tener el antecedente de haber sido infectado por SARS-COV 2 podría ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar estas enfermedades. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, muestreo no probabilístico, con una muestra total de 141 participantes geriátricos. Para determinar la presencia de sintomatología depresiva se utilizó como instrumento la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica de Yesavage y para determinar sintomatología ansiosa en estos pacientes se utilizó la Escala de LIMA (ELA-8). Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de síntomas de depresión y ansiedad de 13.48% y 34.75% respectivamente. No se encontró una asociación entre antecedente de COVID-19 con la presencia de sintomatología depresiva (RPc 0.98 IC 95% 0.91 - 1.05). Sin embargo, sí hubo una asociación negativa con la presencia de sintomatología ansiosa (RPc 0.79 IC95% 0.70 - 0.89). Adicionalmente, se encontró la existencia de algunos factores de riesgo para desarrollar sintomatología depresiva, como el estar desnutrido, ser divorciado, conviviente y tener estudios superiores. Además, se identificó que aquellos participantes que no contaban con familiares intradomiciliarios con antecedente de COVID-19 era un factor de riesgo para desarrollar sintomatología ansiosa. Conclusiones: En la presente investigación, no se ha observado una asociación directa entre la adquisición previa del virus COVID-19 y la manifestación de sintomatología depresiva. No obstante, se identificó una asociación negativa, evidenciando un efecto protector de la sintomatología ansiosa. Precisamente, la presencia de esta infección respiratoria reduce en un 21% la probabilidad de desarrollar síntomas ansiosos en comparación con aquellos individuos que no han experimentado esta patología anteriormente.