bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of oxamyl
Authors: Kwon Eunjin , Park Ki-Min , Park Hyunjin , Kim Tae Ho
Published: November 2016

The title compound, C7H13N3O3S [systematic name: (Z)-methyl 2-dimethylamino-N-(methylcarbamoyloxy)-2-oxoethanimidothioate], is an oxime carbamate acaride, insecticide and nematicide. The asymmetric unit comprises two independent molecules,AandB. The dihedral angles between the mean planes [r.m.s. deviations = 0.0017 (A) and 0.0016 Å (B)] of the acetamide and oxyimino groups are 88.80 (8)° forAand 87.05 (8)° forB. In the crystal, N/C—H...O hydrogen bonds link adjacent molecules, forming chains along theaaxis. The chains are further linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, resulting in a three-dimensional network with alternating rows ofAandBmolecules in thebcplane stacked along thea-axis direction. The structure was refined as an inversion twin with a final BASF parameter of 0.16 (9).
A second polymorph of 3H-1,2-benzodithiole-3-thione
Authors: Boukebbous Khaled , Laifa El Adoui , De Mallmann Aimery , Taoufik Mostafa
Published: November 2016

The title compound, C7H4S3, is crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/n; it is the second polymorph, the first having been reported recently in space groupC2/c[Boukebbouset al.(2016)IUCrData,1, x161688]. The molecule displays an almost planar geometry with two fused rings [S10—C3—C4—C9 torsion angle = 0.2 (5)°]. In the crystal, short S...S [3.555 (1) and 3.503 (1) Å] contacts and π–π aromatic stacking [shortest centroid–centroid separation = 4.006 (5) Å] sustain the three-dimensional molecular packing.
The determinants of risk disclosure by banking institutions
Authors: Nahar Shamsun , Azim Mohammad , Jubb Christine
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of risk disclosure and the factors determining this for all listed banks in Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach

Relying on a theoretical framework based on agency theory and the creation of a risk disclosure index (RDI) based on International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 7, Basel II: market discipline, and prior literature, hand-collected data from the annual reports of all 30 banks traded on the Dhaka Stock Exchange over 2007-2012, creating 180 bank-year observations, are analysed.

Findings

The study suggests that implementation of IFRS 7 and Basel II: market discipline standards in a non-mandated environment raised the extent of risk disclosure in every category of financial institution risk (market, credit, liquidity, operational and equities). The effect can be attributed to regulatory concerns and voluntary adoption of international disclosure standards in the banking industry in Bangladesh. Specifically, whilst the determinants of disclosure vary across types of risk, the number of risk committees, leverage, company size, the existence of a risk management unit, board size and a Big4 affiliate auditor are significant determinants of at least one category of risk disclosure.

Research limitations/implications

The source of risk disclosures is limited to listed banks’ annual reports.

Practical implications

The RDI, developed in this paper, contributes to the literature by: first, quantifying the extent of each of five types of risk disclosure; and second, identifying the factors determining them. Stakeholders, particularly depositors and investors, can use this index to select or monitor their bank of interest.

Originality/value

The RDI was developed according to the most relevant standards – IFRS 7 and Basel II: market discipline, plus prior scholarly literature. This type of benchmarking has not been conducted to date in previous studies. Inferences about risk disclosure are based on archival data derived from all listed banks in a virtually unregulated environment. Further, the study complements the literature by providing support for the applicability of agency theory in investigating the level of risk disclosure by banks.
Collection building trend among the institutes of higher learning in India: a preferential race between print and electronic resources
Authors: Pandita Ramesh , Singh Shivendra
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The present study aims to assess the resource procurement preferences among the leading academic libraries of the institutes of higher learning across India. The study analyses the amount and percentage of budget spent by the institutions under study during the period 2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 on the procurement of print and electronic resources in their libraries. The study also discusses about concerns with regard to the subscription of e-resources and the reasons for weaning interest among the Indian academicians towards the print resources.

Design/methodology/approach

By and large, the scope of the study is limited to institutes of higher learning across India, but reflects a great deal of relevance to the global higher education practices. The study has been undertaken on the 20 leading institutes each from Universities, Institutes of Management and Institutes of Technology in India, based on the ranking list released by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, on 4 April 2016.

Findings

The electronic documents are the dominant forms of present day library procurements in India, with the print struggling to retain its readership. The Institutes of Engineering and Technology and Management have almost similar procurement preferences, spending almost three-fourth of their library budgets on the procurement of e-documents. On average, the University libraries in India have spent 43.54 per cent of their budget on the procurement of print resources and 56.46 per cent of their budget on the procurement of electronic resources during the period of study. Similarly, on average, each Institute of Engineering and Technology has spent 24.04 per cent of their library budget on the procurement of print documents and 75.96 per cent towards the procurement of electronic resources, whereas 27.51 per cent of the library budget by the Institutes of Management in India is being spent on the procurement of print resources and 72.49 per cent towards the procurement of electronic resources.

Originality/value

The study is original and is first of its kind, undertaken on three different category of institutions, based on the national ranking of the country.
Error management: implications for construction
Authors: Love Peter E.D. , Smith Jim
Published: November 2016

Purpose

Conventional “wisdom” in construction has placed emphasis on error prevention and is often aligned with the concept of “Zero Vision”; improvements to safety and quality have been minimal. An alternative approach is needed to ensure significant improvements in safety and quality; thus, this paper aims to introduce the concept of error management.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper reviews the extant literature and draws upon the phenomenological research and observations experienced by the authors.

Findings

It is promulgated that if quality and safety performance within projects is to improve, then construction organisations and their management need to openly acknowledge their presence so that “learning from errors” can form an integral part of an organisation’s fabric. This will require the institutionalisation of error reporting and an organisational (shared) responsibility for their occurrence.

Originality/value

The concept of error management has not been addressed previously in the construction literature. The authors introduce the concept and provide implications for management. The observations and experiences presented in this paper provide an initial starting point for future research to explore “how” construction organisations and projects can avoid the negative error consequences and learn to prevent them in the future.
The determinants of family business owners’ intrafamily succession intention
Authors: Zhou Yonglong , Hu Qiongjing , Yao Jingjing , Qin Xin
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants of family business owners’ intrafamily succession intention based on the theory of planned behavior and neo-institutional theory.

Design/methodology/approach

National survey data were collected from Chinese private firms in 2010, and a sample of 804 family firms was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

At the micro level, familism, intrafamily succession regulation and family control have positive effects on owners’ intrafamily succession intention. At the macro level, district succession orientation, which is the district prevalence of intrafamily succession practice, has a positive effect on owners’ intrafamily succession intention. Additionally, the district succession orientation weakens the positive effects of intrafamily succession regulation and family control.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to the understanding of family business owners’ intrafamily succession intention from both micro and macro perspectives. Besides, it also contributes to the integration of micro and macro research by examining the interaction effects.
Public service motivation and organizational performance in Chinese provincial governments
Authors: Zhu Chunkui , Wu Chen
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This paper aims to examine different hypotheses concerning the effects of public service motivation (PSM) and other attitudinal or institutional dimensions on organizational performance (OP). Specifically, based on the experience of Chinese provincial governments, this study provides new evidence about how PSM may affect OP.

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected data from a survey of different provincial government departments in Sichuan Province, Hubei Province, Hunan Province and Chongqing Municipality in 2011. Using data from 761 respondents, Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between related factors.

Findings

PSM, job satisfaction, affective commitment and job involvement have statistically significant effects on OP, and these results are consistent with the findings of previous researches that PSM positively affected OP at a significant level. The results suggest that, if civil servants have a strong PSM, the performance of their organizations will be high.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should look for additional factors that affect OP, comparing employees’ perceptions of an organization’s performance with objective data to determine whether, and to what degree, subjective measures of performance are valid measures of OP in the public sector.

Practical implications

In the process of improving government performance, it is significant to give attention to the government employees’ mentality. The government training and promotion system should encourage civil servants to care about the public interest. A more flattened organization should be considered as part of the next steps in government reform, and more opportunities should be provided to involve more government employees in policy making.

Originality/value

This study helps to clarify the effects of individual factors of PSM on OP in China in a tightly controlled bureaucratic environment, where related data are hardly accessible.
Magnetic forces applied to the tank walls of a large power transformer
Authors: Witczak Pawel Zygmunt , Swiatkowski Michal
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to calculate forces created by the magnetic leakage field, which are directly applied to tank walls via magnetic shield.

Design/methodology/approach

Electromagnetic and mechanical calculations use 3D finite element technology, both applied to materials having constant orthotropic properties. The magnetic solver uses harmonic excitation; the analysis of mechanical deflection is carried out in static conditions. Two types of forces are considered: magnetostatic surface forces and magnetostriction volumetric ones. In measurements, the laser scanning vibrometer was applied.

Findings

Electromagnetic calculations must use an FE mesh much denser than that for typical power loss analysis. The magnetic orthotropy of the shield material does not create any important effects and it may be omitted. Magnetostriction forces are similar in value to magnetostatic ones, but their influence on the shield deformation is negligible.

Research limitations/implications

The results obtained for the analysis of the displacement of elements of the tank wall are exemplary – they show the difference between magnetostatic and magnetostriction excitation only. The analysis of the vibration of the transformer tank must include the presence of the oil inside the tank.

Originality/value

The asymmetrical placement of magnetic shields against the transformer core creates the visible differences in the magnitudes of magnetostatic forces applied to particular shields. Therefore, the design of magnetic shielding should also include the vibrational point of view.
Analysis of a magnetic gear integrated Halbach generator
Authors: da Costa Neves Carlos Guilherme , Flores Filho Aly Ferreira
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to simulate a magnetic gear full integrated generator (MGFIG) to apply in wind power generation.

Design/methodology/approach

A 2D finite element model of the MGFIG was built. The static magnetic torque on air-gaps was obtained by Maxwell stress tensor. In order to simulate the movement of both rotors in relation to the winding and modulators two movement bands were applied.

Findings

It was proved that the MGFIG magnetized with Halbach arrays is able to eliminate the cogging torque, improve the quality of the generated voltage waveform and decrease the core losses and permanent magnet eddy current losses.

Practical implications

The loss coefficients belonging to core material were found from the measured curves provided by an electrical manufacturer.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is to improve the good characteristics of a MGFIG, such as a simple mechanical structure, good utilization of permanents magnet (PM) materials and lower manufacturing cost, by incorporating Halbach PMs arrays to decrease core and eddy current losses, improve the voltage waveform.
Analysis and design of a high power density permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine with low-cost ferrite magnets for EVs/HEVs
Authors: Liu Xiping , Li Ya , Liu Zhangqi , Ling Tao , Luo Zhenhua
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMASynRM) using ferrite magnets with the same power density as rare-earth PM synchronous motors used in Toyota Prius 2010.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel rotor structure with rectangular PMs is discussed with respect to the demagnetization of ferrite magnets and mechanical strength. Some electromagnetic characteristics including torque, output power, loss and efficiency are calculated by 2D finite element analysis.

Findings

The results of the analysis show that a high power density and high efficiency for PMASynRM can be achieved using ferrite magnets.

Originality/value

This paper proposes a novel rotor structure of PMASynRM with low-cost ferrite magnets that achieves high power density as permanent machines with rare-earth PMs.
Achieving supply chain resilience
Authors: Mandal Santanu , Sarathy Rathin , Korasiga Venkateshwar Rao , Bhattacharya Sourabh , Dastidar Surajit Ghosh
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inter-relationship among dominant supply chain capabilities of collaboration, flexibility, velocity and visibility and how the same influence supply chain resilience (SCRES) and supply chain performance. Further, the aim is to explore the relationship between integrated logistics capabilities and supply chain capabilities.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed hypotheses were tested with survey data collected from 339 supply chain professionals. The collected data were then analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis, and the proposed relationships were tested with structural equation modeling.

Findings

Integrated logistics capabilities were found to positively influence supply chain collaboration and supply chain visibility. There is a positive influence of each of collaboration, flexibility, visibility and velocity on SCRES. Further, each of these supply chain capabilities positively influences each other to a greater extent. Further, SCRES was found to have a positive influence on supply chain performance.

Research limitations/implications

Like many other cross sectional studies, this study also suffers from data collected from single respondent per firm.

Originality/value

The study is significant and holds immense importance for managers and supply chain practitioners because it has suggested them to focus on core supply chain capabilities, for example, collaboration, flexibility, visibility and visibility for developing SCRES. Along with this, it undersigned the growing importance and empirical influence of integrated logistics capabilities in developing these supply chain capabilities and also the positive influence of resilience on supply chain performance.
Housing and resilience: case studies from the Cook Islands
Authors: Ahmed Iftekhar
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a tool for evaluating resilience of housing, which was tested in the Cook Islands. The Pacific Islands is widely known as being highly vulnerable to climate change impacts. In addition to long-term impacts such as sea level rise, current impacts such as tropical cyclones wreak havoc and the housing sector is often most severely affected. There is therefore a critical need for assessing the resilience of housing in the region. In response to that need, an evaluation tool for assessing housing resilience was developed, discussed in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

The analytical framework of the tool consists of five main factors – inputs, output, result, impacts & effects and external factors – and the tool was tested in the Cook Islands. Two housing case studies implemented and/or facilitated by Australia-based agencies on two different island locations were examined: On Aitutaki, it was a reconstruction project built after Cyclone Pat in 2010; in Mangaia, it was a program for strengthening roofing against cyclones.

Findings

It was found that in different ways both the projects had improved the resilience of the beneficiary communities. However, a number of challenges were also evident in meeting the wider needs of the beneficiaries and long-term sustainability. The sustainability of these interventions, and indeed that of the islands facing severe resource constraints and rapid demographic and environmental change, posed serious questions.

Originality/value

The study allowed confirming the importance of the evaluation tool in the global context of climate change and consequent widespread disaster occurrence, and the devastating impact on the housing sector. In that respect, while there are obvious implications for other Pacific islands, the findings of the study offer wider global lessons for the multiplicity of agencies engaged in housing reconstruction, disaster risk reduction and development.
Global health for the 21st century and beyond
Authors: MacVane Phipps Fiona
Published: November 2016

Purpose

In considering the present and future state of the world’s health, it is worth revisiting the Alma-Ata declaration of 1978 (International Conference on Primary health Care, 1978). This international declaration, signed almost 40 years ago confirmed the World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health from the 1946 WHO Constitution as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2015). The declaration clearly stated that health is a universal human right and that the gross inequalities in health apparent at the time of the conference, between and within countries, were unacceptable. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

This provides a review of the key articles in the current issue of IJHG with added evidence and commentary.

Findings

A global approach to health which acknowledges climate change, respects Aboriginal populations’ self-determination and which rejects the commodification of health in the way forward for twenty-first century health care.

Originality/value

IJHG is the only Emerald journal providing a review section in each issue.
The impact of financial safety act and corporate governance on the level of financial disclosure
Authors: Ahmadi Ali , Bouri Abdelfettah
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This research paper aims to identify and measure the contribution of the financial safety act (FSA) regulation in improving the level of financial disclosure of listed Tunisian firms. To answer the problems of the subject, the authors tried to hold accountable several determinants of the level of financial disclosure relating to the particular characteristics of the firm, and the adoption of the recommendations envisaged by the FSA, as likely to have an impact on the level of financial disclosure of Tunisian firms.

Design/methodology/approach

With a sample composed by 20 companies during the period from 2003 to 2010 (160 observations), the contribution of the FSA regulation in improving the level of financial disclosure of listed Tunisian firms was identified and measured. After that, the levels of financial disclosure before and after the FSA were compared.

Findings

The study results confirm the positive and significant effect of the FSA on the level of financial disclosure. This impact seems to appear through the improvement of the disclosure level during the years which follow the adoption of the new regulation. The results of this study also show that firms with a high level of financial disclosure are those which have an independent board of directors, auditor BIG and joint audit.

Originality/value

This paper is devoted to evaluate the impact of the FSA n°2005-96 and corporate governance on the level of financial disclosure. The empirical study relates to a sample of 20 firms listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange observed over the period 2003-2010.
Primacy and efficacy of preamble propositions in India and Bangladesh
Authors: Habib A.Z.M. Arman
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the legal position and utility of preamble and also to determine what role has been played by Preambles in new trends in Bangladesh and Indian Constitutional Law.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology undertaken in this project is analytical method of research and comparative research.

Findings

In this paper, the first legal and academic dispute and a matter of arguments and discussions that whether preamble should be treated as a part of constitution is discussed. Also, this paper tries to examine the matter of interpretational value of preamble, i.e. role of preamble in interpretation of constitutionvis-à-visof statutes. Finally, this paper examines in particular the details of preambles of two countries that have played a prominent part in the development of Constitutionalism in India and Bangladesh.

Originality/value

This research work is based on both primary and secondary data. The main sources of this study include like textbooks, journal articles, some important daily newspapers, online documents and some publications. The study has also relied on decided cases of Apex Court of Bangladesh and the Subcontinent.
Coaching in organisations: how the use of fictional characters can develop coaching practice
Authors: Eastman Christine Angela
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This paper consists of a case study that reports on a pedagogical intervention undertaken among a group of postgraduate students in the area of coaching. The purpose of this paper is to design an intervention to bridge the gulf between coaching theory and practice, a gap identified by coaching research and corroborated by professional practice students on the university course examined here.

Design/methodology/approach

The study gives an account of how literary fiction was used with a cohort of students as a source of hypothetical scenarios used to simulate workplace problems and as a simulative context in which coaching students could apply theoretical models to make-believe scenarios. In this case study, the author evaluates the success of this innovative pedagogical methodology based on a qualitative analysis of excerpts from students’ written work.

Findings

The author advocates the use of literary fictional texts as a means of enhancing coach training and makes a case for the benefits of exposing students to literary fiction as part of a rich humanities curriculum. Reading about how fictional characters negotiate the terrain of life and work can help coaching students to create stronger, more creative narratives in their work-based projects.

Originality/value

Exploring how fictional characters respond to challenges in the workplace (and in life generally) will support students to formulate their own coaching interventions in a more coherent fashion. The paper contends that stories are the cornerstone of learning, and that educators can support students to explore issues of core identity, (in)coherent life themes and narrative representation in students’ professional practice by getting them to read fiction.
Motivational paradigms for the integration of a Belgian hospital network and merger presented in the printed press
Authors: Willem Annick , Coopman Michiel
Published: November 2016

Purpose

Legitimizing health-care networks over time is crucial to the survival of the networks, but studies providing insight into the motivational paradigms used to legitimize networks and mergers are missing. This study aims to contribute by analyzing which motivational paradigms, namely, transaction costs economics, resource dependency, stakeholder theory, organizational learning and institutional theory, are used over time to motivate the formation, integration and eventually merger of a health-care network.

Design/methodology/approach

The theoretical paradigms from the literature are matched with the motivational arguments that were found in the communication around the formation and evolution of a specific health-care network. Secondary data in the printed press were analyzed in three ways to obtain triangulation in method.

Findings

Five theoretical paradigms matched the communication during significant parts of the time-scope of the study, but not always equally strong. It, therefore, confirms the usefulness of an integrated and evolutionary perspective on the paradigms, not only during the formation but also during the life-span of the organization.

Originality/value

Insight into the motivational paradigms that dominate in the press during an integration and merger process allows for health-care managers and policy makers to manage the process of legitimizing. This might prevent network failure because of lack of legitimacy, misperceptions of the motivations, overemphasizing one motivation or inability to move to a next layer of motivation when the integration process evolves.
Redefining the organizational citizenship behaviour
Authors: Agarwal Promila
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the influence of organizational norms and job roles defined by organizations in the performance of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). To do so, the research proposes a model of OCB with the following dimensions: normative OCB and rule-bounded OCB on the basis of social exchange theory and role theory, respectively. Norms, roles and responsibilities of the organization vary from organization to organization. This paper reports the operational and empirical indicators of proposed dimensions of OCB, termed as discretionary OCB, normative OCB and rule-bounded OCB.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the proposed dimensions, the study uses concept analysis, delphi technique, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis on multi-source data. It indicates criteria for Cronbach’s alpha reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity and nomological validity for proposed dimensions.

Findings

The findings reveal two new dimensions of OCB. Besides an individual predisposition/voluntariness, employees exhibit OCB due to normative pressure in the organization and the overlapping of the contents of OCB with role and responsibilities. Self-driven, norms-driven and job-role-driven OCB will have different implications. The findings support the validity of the proposed OCB model and scale.

Research limitations/implications

The research fills a theoretical gap and will have implications for the measurement of OCB. The model facilitates the identification of the factors of OCB. An organization can use the research model in culture building and promoting functional OCB in the organization as per the organization’s need. The limitations of the study are discussed.

Originality/value

There is no research to date exploring the normative and rule-bounded aspects of OCB. This is the only research to empirically examine the overlap between the contents of OCB and role description of employees. This paper is also original in its contribution in measuring the display of OCB among employees due to pressure from the norms prevalent in the organizations.
Supervisor wellbeing and identity: challenges and strategies
Authors: Wisker Gina , Robinson Gillian
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This research aims to explore the professional identity of supervisors and their perceptions of stress in doctoral learning supervision. The research determines ways of developing strategies of resilience and well-being to overcome stress, leading to positive outcomes for supervisors and students.

Design/methodology/approach

Research is in two parts: first, rescrutinising previous work, and second, new interviews with international and UK supervisors gathering evidence of doctoral supervisor stress, in relation to professional identity, and discovering resilience and well-being strategies.

Findings

Supervisor professional identity and well-being are aligned with research progress, and effective supervision. Stress and well-being/resilience strategies emerged across three dimensions, namely, personal, learning and institutional, related to emotional, professional and intellectual issues, affecting identity and well-being. Problematic relationships, change in supervision arrangements, loss of students and lack of student progress cause stress. Balances between responsibility and autonomy; uncomfortable conflicts arising from personality clashes; and the nature of the research work, burnout and lack of time for their own work, all cause supervisor stress. Developing community support, handling guilt and a sense of underachievement and self-management practices help maintain well-being.

Research limitations/implications

Only experienced supervisors (each with four doctoral students completed) were interviewed. The research relies on interview responses.

Practical implications

Sharing information can lead to informed, positive action minimising stress and isolation; development of personal coping strategies and institutional support enhance the supervisory experience for supervisors and students.

Originality/value

The research contributes new knowledge concerning doctoral supervisor experience, identity and well-being, offering research-based information and ideas on a hitherto under-researched focus: supervisor stress, well-being and resilience impacting on supervisors’ professional identity.
Faculty–student coauthorship as a means to enhance STEM graduate students’ research skills
Authors: Feldon David F. , Shukla Kathan D. , Anne Maher Michelle
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This study aims to examine the contribution of faculty–student coauthorship to the development of graduate students’ research skills in the sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) by quantitatively assessing rubric-measured research skill gains over the course of an academic year compared to students who did not report participating in coauthorship with faculty mentors.

Design/methodology/approach

A quasi-experimental mixed methods approach was used to test the hypothesis that the influence of STEM graduate students’ mentored writing mentorship experiences would be associated with differential improvement in the development of their research skills over the course of an academic year.

Findings

The results indicate that students who co-authored with faculty mentors were likely to develop significantly higher levels of research skills than students who did not. In addition, less than half of the participants reported having such experiences, suggesting that increased emphasis on this practice amongst faculty could enhance graduate student learning outcomes.

Originality/value

Qualitative studies of graduate student writing experiences have alluded to outcomes that transcend writing qualityper seand speak directly to the research skills acquired by the students as part of their graduate training. However, no study to date has captured the discrete effects of writing experiences on these skills in a quantifiable way.
When markets stagnate: finding new territory through reverse innovation
Authors: Tournois Laurent
Published: November 2016

Purpose

Reverse innovation has been claimed to be the new emerging paradigm on how to succeed in emerging markets before spreading to more mature ones. This study aims to investigate how the BB cream, a concept that gave birth to one of the recent most impressive worldwide breakthrough products in cosmetics, was successfully integrated into a growth-through reverse innovation strategy by a Western leading brand, Garnier, in its domestic market.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a single case study design that combines brand and product levels of analysis, this paper examines how reverse innovation/BB cream contributed to (re)build perceptions of brand superiority. Data were extracted from the IRI Census Database (retail panel data) and from various other market sources. Additional insights were collected through semi-structured interviews with top executives. Some data, as they remain confidential, are not included in the paper.

Findings

Reverse innovation, although counter-intuitive regarding one of its fundamental assumptions (i.e. a low-cost/low-price strategy targeting price-sensitive consumers), can be used within a niche strategy to help brands develop a radically new offer that justifies a price premium. In this regard, it has to be managed step-by-step, from appropriation to exploitation and, finally, “extinction” in a given market segment.

Research limitations/implications

Evidence is scarce on how Western companies/brands can integrate reverse innovation into their growth strategies. Further investigation is required on this emerging paradigm.

Practical implications

The case of Garnier BB cream invites marketing managers to think differently about where to look for opportunities and how to grow in stagnant markets. Moreover, the inherent latent value of a reverse innovation can serve to trade up the brand with both volume and value benefits, despite the common claim that it is related to a volume strategy. Thus, it opens the range of possibilities to escape commoditization and price wars.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrated that reverse innovation is not limited to the bottom of the market. The story of the BB cream concept, which has been appropriated and valorized by the leading cosmetic brand Garnier through a niche strategy, supports this argument. In addition, instead of viewing the niche strategy as a methodological/theoretical stage within the segmentation–targeting–positioning process, this case study highlights it as a creative process linked to innovation, which helps a brand and/or company to define a new territory within its market.
The procurement dilemma: short-term savings or long-term shareholder value?
Authors: Philippart Michel
Published: November 2016

Purpose

Research has shown the potential contribution of properly managed suppliers to the competitive position of firms. Major strategy schools of thought such as the industry view and the resource-based view have evolved in their perspective about supplier’s contributions, replacing a transactional perspective of supplier management with a more comprehensive view of their role in corporate strategy. This study aims to understand if procurement professionals have evolved in the same direction.

Design/methodology/approach

During a corporate wide assessment for a large consumer product corporation, the author had the opportunity to incorporate a four-statement question aimed at identifying the perception of value creation by different levels of procurement staff. The answers were compared with responses of a reference group that comprised business school students who had never been exposed to professional procurement as a function or skill.

Findings

The results show that buyers, even at senior levels, more clearly identify value as the result of price negotiation, a functional perspective, than as the construction of sustainable competitive advantages, the shareholder perspective. They do not discriminate sufficiently between short-term transactional value transfer and long-term shareholder value capture.

Research limitations/implications

The study was conducted on a sample of 500 people from four continents but limited to a single corporate environment. This study focused on innovation as a source of value and competitive advantages.

Originality/value

The paper shows to corporate deciders the impact of overly cost-focused procurement departments. This study reinforces their need to better balance the objectives assigned to their procurement team. This study outlines the steps necessary to align the cultural competitiveness of procurement to the objectives of the firm, with an extended enterprise scope.
Success and failure in international assignments
Authors: DeNisi Angelo S. , Sonesh Shirley
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on how success and failure for international assignments have been defined, and integrate several proposals for these definitions into a multi-dimensional model that considers task performance, relationship building, contextual performance and retention as all being part of how success or failure should be defined. The authors also discuss two proposed pre-requisites for success – absorptive capacity (operationalized at both the individual and the unit levels) and adjustment. The authors conclude by bringing in literature on performance management and how ideas about performance management must also be integrated into the discussion of the success or failure of international assignments.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper reviews existing proposals regarding the definition of expatriate success and failure, and proposes a multidimensional model of success based on the past literature. Based on this literature the authors also propose two pre-requisites for success and discuss several requisite KSAOs, as well as some suggestions from the literature on performance management.

Findings

The authors argue for a multidimensional model of expatiate success which includes task performance, relationship building, contextual performance and retention as part of what constitutes a successful assignment. The authors also argue that absorptive capacity and adjustment should be considered as pre-requisites for success, and that principles from performance management should be applied to dealing with international assignments.

Research limitations/implications

A more comprehensive definition of success and failure should aid research by providing a better dependent variable, and by leading to research on various aspects of this outcome.

Practical implications

The proposed model and approach can hopefully help practice by clarifying the different dimensions of success and how performance management techniques can be applied to dealing with international assignments.

Originality/value

There has been a lot written about how we should operationalize the success or failure of international assignments. The present paper reviews that literature and integrates a number of ideas and suggestions into a multi-dimensional model which includes information about pre-requisites for success and relevant KSAOs, along with ideas from performance management to help insure the success of these assignments.
Exorcising restraint: reducing the use of restrictive interventions in a secure learning disability service
Authors: Riding Tim
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe the nature and impact of a restraint reduction strategy implemented within a secure learning disability service in response to the national Positive and Safe programme.

Design/methodology/approach

The strategy was comprised of three primary interventions – Safewards, positive behavioural support and data-informed practice – and utilised a programme management approach to ensure effective delivery. Baseline measures were collected from 12 months of data prior to implementation of the programme and the frequency of each category of restrictive intervention was then measured prospectively on a monthly basis throughout the duration of the programme.

Findings

Upon completion of the programme the following results were achieved: elimination of prone restraint – elimination of mechanical restraint – 42 per cent reduction in general use of restraint – 42 per cent reduction in use of seclusion – 52 per cent reduction in rapid tranquilisation.

Originality/value

The paper adds to the growing body of evidence that carefully designed interventions can reduce the frequency of seclusion and restraint. In this case, Safewards and PBS have combined to exert their effect. Data-led practice and senior leadership were also found to be of critical importance. Finally, the need for a stable workforce is considered.
The use of crypto-currencies in funding violent jihad
Authors: Irwin Angela S.M. , Milad George
Published: November 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to look at current discourse on the topic of crypto-currencies, more specifically Bitcoins, and their application to funding acts of terror. The paper clearly establishes the risks posed by this new payment technology and value transfer system to assist in the process of funding, planning and implementing acts of terror.

Design/methodology/approach

Publications, blogs and sites published and administered by terrorists groups and their supporters are examined to determine their interest in leveraging emerging payment and value transfer systems to facilitate the funding, planning and implementation of terror attacks. Press releases and other publications are also examined to determine whether crypto-currencies have been used by these groups in fund raising, fund transfer or recent terror attacks.

Findings

Although it is difficult to find concrete evidence of largescale use of Bitcoins and other crypto-currencies by terrorist groups and their supporters, there is strong evidence to suggest that they have been linked to a number of terror attacks in Europe and Indonesia. Supporters of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), jihadists and terrorist organisations are actively looking to and promoting the use of new and emerging technologies, such as Bitcoin, to mitigate some of the risks associated with traditional fund transfer methods. Some websites associated with terrorist organisations have started to collect donations in Bitcoins. Many Bitcoin ATMs and Bitcoin exchanges are located in countries that have seen significant numbers of foreign fighters join ISIS in the Middle East and are also positioned in countries that have seen increased risk of terror attack. These present a significant risk because they allow for the seamless, anonymous transfer of funds to and from terrorist groups and their supporters. The paper highlights the need for further in-depth research into reliable ways to circumvent the current difficulties experienced in differentiating illicit transactions from legitimate ones and establishing reliable means of attribution.

Originality/value

Using a document published by ISIS, which provides would-be jihadists detailed instructions on how they can get to Syria or Iraq without being detected, a set of models were created showing how this could be achieved using Bitcoins alone. From this scenario, red flag indicators and suspicious behaviour models have been created to determine whether they can be identified during detailed analysis of the Bitcoin blockchain which will be conducted in later stages of research.
Internal audit function and AML compliance: the globalisation of the internal audit function
Authors: Naheem Mohammed Ahmad
Published: November 2016

Purpose

This paper aims to consider the role of internal audit function (IAF) in relation to anti-money laundering (AML) compliance and oversight within global banking. The increasing globalisation of banking functions and the mirrored globalisation of financial crime require a renewed look at the role of internal audit. This paper critically examines the weaknesses in the current structure and proposes a new way of thinking about IAF.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses secondary data to analyse the current problems with IAF from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. The agency dilemma of answering to two masters in the audit committee and management and the problems associated with this in the context of recent AML cases against banks are discussed.

Findings

The main findings are that a new approach to internal audit is required that can operate effectively within a globalised banking and regulatory context, especially for AML compliance issues. A suggested approach is to develop regional audit committees and remove the internal stakeholder dilemma that is problematic to the IAF.

Research limitations/implications

The paper focused primarily on the AML context, and IAF may have other functions within the bank. However, the theoretical and practical problems are equally as applicable to other areas of work.

Practical implications

The implications from the paper are the recommendations on restructuring the function of internal audit, especially its role within management and governance, given the impartiality and objective role that it is supposed to perform.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is the analysis of IAF within an AML context and the recommendation to reconsider the IAF role within a globalised banking service of the future. This has been suggested within a growing globalised criminal context, where money laundering is a reality and the complexity of this crime is increasing throughout the world.