bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stroke early supported discharge: the impact of patients' characteristics and clinical profile on rehabilitation goal attainment and clinical outcomes
Authors: Georgy Ehab
Published: April 2021

Background/aims

Stroke early supported discharge services were introduced to provide a comprehensive stroke specialist therapy input, while reducing cost of acute care. Early supported discharge services resulted in better health-related outcomes. A consensus has not yet been established regarding specific early supported discharge patient characteristics and clinical profile. The main aim of this study was to establish evidence to support the development of an early supported discharge patient profile (demographics and clinical) and eligibility criteria to enable early supported discharge services achieve their purposes of reducing post-stroke disability and institutionalisation rates. This article outlines the relationship between early supported discharge patients' clinical profiles and clinical outcomes, in terms of disability, goal attainment and institutionalisation rates.

Methods

A retrospective review of data was implemented to determine whether specific early supported discharge patients' clinical profiles and characteristics correlate with clinical outcomes. Data were collected for patients admitted to the Suffolk Stroke Early Supported Discharge Service between August and October 2016, comprising patients' demographics and clinical profiles, including stroke type, Barthel Index and Modified Rankin Scale. Performance data were collected at the end of the early supported discharge service including therapy frequency and intensity, as well as clinical outcomes including the Goal Attainment Scale.

Results

Data were collected for 53 patients. Data were analysed for all patients in three groups: goals not achieved; goals achieved; and goals achieved to a higher level), according to the Goal Attainment Scale. A Chi-square test showed no significant difference with regard to sex and stroke side (P=0.27). Analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in age. Conversely, results showed a significant association between goal attainment and the stroke subtype, severity and length of hospital stay.

Conclusions

Specific clinical characteristics and disease profiles correlate with functional outcomes and could influence goal attainment and functional status. A specific patient cohort seems to benefit the most from early supported discharge services in terms of optimised functional outcomes and recovery.
Outcomes of severe lower limb injury with Mangled Extremity Severity Score ≥ 7
Authors: Hoogervorst Lotje A. , Hart Melissa J. , Simpson Pamela M. , Kimmel Lara A. , Oppy Andrew , Edwards Elton R. , Gabbe Belinda J.
Published: April 2021

Aims

Complex fractures of the femur and tibia with associated severe soft tissue injury are often devastating for the individual. The aim of this study was to describe the two-year patient-reported outcomes of patients in a civilian population who sustained a complex fracture of the femur or tibia with a Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) of ≥ 7, whereby the score ranges from 2 (lowest severity) to 11 (highest severity).

Methods

Patients aged ≥ 16 years with a fractured femur or tibia and a MESS of ≥ 7 were extracted from the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry (January 2007 to December 2018). Cases were grouped into surgical amputation or limb salvage. Descriptive analysis were used to examine return to work rates, three-level EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) outcomes at 12 and 24 months post-injury.

Results

In all, 111 patients were included: 90 (81%) patients who underwent salvage and 21 (19%) patients with surgical amputation. The mean age of patients was 45.8 years (SD 15.8), 93 (84%) were male, 37 (33%) were involved in motor vehicle collisions, and the mean MESS score was 8.2 (SD 1.4). Two-year outcomes in the cohort were poor: six (7%) patients achieved a GOS-E good recovery, the mean EQ-5D-3L summary score was 0.52 (SD 0.27), and 17 (20%) patients had returned to work.

Conclusion

A small proportion of patients with severe lower limb injury (MESS ≥ 7) achieved a good level of function 24 months post-injury. Further follow-up is needed to better understand the long-term trajectory of these patients, including delayed amputation, hospital readmissions, and healthcare utilization. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):769–774.
The effect of hospital case volume on re-revision following revision total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Yapp Liam Z. , Walmsley Phil J. , Moran Matthew , Clarke Jon V. , Simpson A. Hamish R. W. , Scott Chloe E. H.
Published: April 2021

Aims

The aim of this study was to measure the effect of hospital case volume on the survival of revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA).

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis of Scottish Arthroplasty Project data, a nationwide audit which prospectively collects data on all arthroplasty procedures performed in Scotland. The primary outcome was RTKA survival at ten years. The primary explanatory variable was the effect of hospital case volume per year on RTKA survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the lifespan of RTKA. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards were used to estimate relative revision risks over time. Hazard ratios (HRs) were reported with 95% CI, and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

From 1998 to 2019, 8,301 patients (8,894 knees) underwent RTKA surgery in Scotland (median age at RTKA 70 years (interquartile range (IQR) 63 to 76); median follow-up 6.2 years (IQR 3.0 to 10.2). In all, 4,764 (53.6%) were female, and 781 (8.8%) were treated for infection. Of these 8,894 knees, 957 (10.8%) underwent a second revision procedure. Male sex, younger age at index revision, and positive infection status were associated with need for re-revision. The ten-year survival estimate for RTKA was 87.3% (95% CI 86.5 to 88.1). Adjusting for sex, age, surgeon volume, and indication for revision, high hospital case volume was significantly associated with lower risk of re-revision (HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.94, p < 0.001)). The risk of re-revision steadily declined in centres performing > 20 cases per year; risk reduction was 16% with > 20 cases; 22% with > 30 cases; and 28% with > 40 cases. The lowest level of risk was associated with the highest volume centres.

Conclusion

The majority of RTKA in Scotland survive up to ten years. Increasing yearly hospital case volume above 20 cases is independently associated with a significant risk reduction of re-revision. Development of high-volume tertiary centres may lead to an improvement in the overall survival of RTKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):602–609.
Traditional versus congruent-arc Latarjet anatomic and biomechanical perspective
Authors: Rossi Luciano A. , Tanoira Ignacio , De Cicco Franco Luis , Ranalletta Maximiliano
Published: April 2021

The congruent-arc Latarjet (CAL) allows reconstruction of a greater percentage of glenoid bone deficit because the inferior surface of the coracoid is wider than the lateral edge of the coracoid used with the traditional Latarjet (TL). Biomechanical studies have shown higher initial fixation strength between the graft and the glenoid with the TL. In the TL, the undersurface of the coracoid, which is wider than the medial edge used with the CAL, remains in contact with the anterior edge of the glenoid, increasing the contact surface between both bones and thus facilitating bone consolidation. The shorter bone distance around the screw with the CAL is potentially less tolerant of screw-positioning error compared to the TL. Moreover, the wall of the screw tunnel is potentially more likely to fracture with the CAL due to the minimal space between the screw and the graft wall. CAL may be very difficult to perform in patients with very small coracoids such as small women or skeletally immature patients. Radius of curvature of the inferior face of the coracoid graft (used with the CAL) is similar to that of the native glenoid. This may potentially decrease contact pressure across the glenohumeral joint, avoiding degenerative changes in the long term.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:280-287. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200074
Echinococcosis of the spine
Authors: Sioutis Spyridon , Reppas Lampros , Bekos Achilles , Soulioti Eleftheria , Saranteas Theodosis , Koulalis Dimitrios , Sapkas Georgios , Mavrogenis Andreas F.
Published: April 2021

Echinococcosis or hydatid disease affecting the spine is an uncommon manifestation of Echinococcus granulosus infection of the spine. More commonly found in endemic areas, it causes significant morbidity and mortality as it grows slowly and produces symptoms mainly by compressing the spinal cord. As diagnostic methods are non-specific, diagnosis and management are usually delayed until the disease is advanced, thereby therapy is usually unlikely. Treatment is usually surgical, aiming at cyst excision, spinal cord decompression and spinal stabilization. This article summarizes the clinical findings of echinococcosis of the spine, discusses the specific laboratory and diagnostic findings, lists the current treatment options, and reviews the patients’ outcomes. The aim is to prompt clinicians to be aware of the possibility of echinococcosis as a possible diagnosis in endemic areas.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:288-296. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200130
The Ecological Crisis, Apocalypticism, and the Internalization of Unfreedom
Authors: Ahmed Saladdin
Published: April 2021

Responses to the definitive evidence that the existing order of things will inevitably lead to an ecological doomsday often take one of two approaches, not counting outright deniers of climate change. The more optimistic of the two assumes that we could regain a reasonable balance of life on Earth through individual lifestyle adjustments. The second dominant approach is pessimistic to the degree of embracing apocalypticism, for it assumes the ecological catastrophe is altogether unavoidable. In either case, the capitalist system is perceived as the only possible order of things and goes unquestioned. Refuting both positions, I argue that the impending ecological catastrophe could only be avoided if collective progressive action puts an end to the capitalist modes of production. In the absence of universal movements grounded in revolutionary ecological politics, capitalism will continue to thrive not despite but because of the escalating ecological crisis. As climate change continues to make life conditions in the global south more difficult, cheap labour will become even more readily exploitable, just as the fundamental elements of life, such as clean water and air, will be increasingly commodified as they become scarcer. Unless sustained revolutionary action is undertaken to topple the capitalist relations of production, the ecological crisis will only bring about more suffering for the poor and greater benefits for the rich. The notion that small-scale changes in behaviour could reverse these trends under such circumstances is absurd, but that is not to say we should nihilistically succumb to our fate.
Policy Implications, Eligibility, and Demographic Characteristics of People With Intellectual Disability Who Access Self-Directed Funding in the United States
Authors: Cherry Elizabeth , Stancliffe Roger J. , Emerson Eric , Tichá Renata
Published: April 2021

This study identifies factors (state of residence, personal characteristics, and living situation) associated with access to self-directed funding (SDF) for adults with intellectual disability in the United States. Data from 10,033 participants from 26 states in the 2012–2013 National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey were analyzed. We examined state, age group, residence type, disability diagnoses, mental health status, and type of disability support funding used. Availability of SDF for people with ID varied by state and aligned mostly with state-by-state policy data on SDF eligibility and availability. The results of a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that access to SDF was lower in older adults and higher for people who lived in their parents' or relatives' home, an independent home, and with certain personal characteristics. Potential influences from policy and practice, and approaches to increase access to SDF are discussed.
Tissue self-attention network for the segmentation of optical coherence tomography images on the esophagus
Authors: Wang Cong , Gan Meng
Published: April 2021

Automatic segmentation of layered tissue is the key to esophageal optical coherence tomography (OCT) image processing. With the advent of deep learning techniques, frameworks based on a fully convolutional network are proved to be effective in classifying pixels on images. However, due to speckle noise and unfavorable imaging conditions, the esophageal tissue relevant to the diagnosis is not always easy to identify. An effective approach to address this problem is extracting more powerful feature maps, which have similar expressions for pixels in the same tissue and show discriminability from those from different tissues. In this study, we proposed a novel framework, called the tissue self-attention network (TSA-Net), which introduces the self-attention mechanism for esophageal OCT image segmentation. The self-attention module in the network is able to capture long-range context dependencies from the image and analyzes the input image in a global view, which helps to cluster pixels in the same tissue and reveal differences of different layers, thus achieving more powerful feature maps for segmentation. Experiments have visually illustrated the effectiveness of the self-attention map, and its advantages over other deep networks were also discussed.
Seroprevalence of hospital staff in a province with zero COVID-19 cases
Authors: Nopsopon Tanawin , Pongpirul Krit , Chotirosniramit Korn , Jakaew Wutichai , Kaewwijit Chuenkhwan , Kanchana Sawan , Hiransuthikul Narin
Published: April 2021

Background

COVID-19 seroprevalence data, particularly in less developed countries with a relatively low incidence, has been scant. We aimed to explore the seroprevalence of hospital staff in the area with zero confirmed COVID-19 case to shed light on the situation of COVID-19 infection in zero or low infection rate countries where mass screening was not readily available.

Methods

A locally developed rapid immunoglobulin M (IgM)/immunoglobulin G (IgG) test kit was used for hospital staff screening of Ranong hospital which is located in a province with zero COVID-19 prevalence in Thailand from 17th April to 17th May 2020. All staff was tested, 100 of which were randomly invited to have a repeating antibody test in one month. (Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20200426002)

Results

Of 844 hospital staff, 82 were tested twice one month apart (response rate for repeating antibody test 82%). Overall, 0.8% of the participants (7 of 844) had positive IgM, none had positive IgG. Female staff had 1.0% positive IgM (95% CI: 0.5–2.1%) while male had 0.5% positive IgM (95% CI: 0.1–2.6%). No participants with a history of travel to the high-risk area or close contact with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 case developed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Among 844 staff, 811 had no symptoms and six of them developed IgM seropositive (0.7%) while 33 had minor symptoms and only one of them developed IgM seropositive (3.0%). No association between SARS-CoV-2 IgM status and gender, history of travel to a high-risk area, close contact with PCR-confirmed or suspected COVID-19 case, presence of symptoms within 14 days, or previous PCR status was found. None of the hospital staff developed SARS-CoV-2 IgG.

Conclusions

COVID-19 antibody test could detect a considerable number of hospital staff who could be potential silent spreaders in a province with zero COVID-19 cases. Accurate antibody testing is a valuable screening tool, particularly in asymptomatic healthcare workers.

Trial registration: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No.236/63) and the Institutional Review Board of Ranong Hospital. (Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20200426002).
Exploring satisfaction level among outpatients regarding pharmacy facilities and services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; a large regional analysis
Authors: Alotaibi Nasser Hadal , Alzarea Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Alotaibi Ahmed Mohammed , Khan Yusra Habib , Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Alharbi Khalid Saad , Alruwaili Nabil K. , Alanazi Abdullah S. , Hassan Ahmed , Alotaib Badriyah Shadid
Published: April 2021

Background

Evaluation of patients`satisfaction towards pharmacy services is of utmost importance to ensure the quality of care. It helps in identifying domains requiring improvements to provide high quality pharmacy services to ensure the provision of enhanced pharmaceutical care. The current study aims to ascertain the extent of satisfaction towards pharmacy services among patients attending outpatient pharmacies in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 746 patients attending outpatient pharmacies of various public hospitals was conducted from 01 January to 15 February 2020. Information on socio-demographic profile of the study subjects along with their satisfaction towards outpatient pharmacy was extracted by using a 23-items questionnaire. These questions were divided into two domains including 7 questions related to the pharmacy facilities (questions from 1F to 7F) and 8 questions for pharmacy services (questions from 1S to 8S), where F and S denotes facilities and services, respectively. The cumulative satisfaction score was estimated by a 5-item Likert scale with a maximum score of 5 for each item. The relationship between demographics and satisfaction scores was evaluated by using appropriate statistics.

Results

There were 746 patients with male preponderance (58.8%). The overall satisfaction score was 2.97 ± 0.65. Satisfaction towards pharmacy services scored lower (mean score: 3.91 ± 0.77) than pharmacy facilities (mean score: 4.03 ± 0.66). Items related to patient`s counseling (3F, 2S, 3S, 6S) scored least during the analysis. Older patients (p = 0.006), male gender (p<0.001), Saudi nationality (0.035), patients attending primary care centers (p = 0.02), and patients with chronic illnesses were significantly associated with lower satisfaction score.

Conclusion

This study reported that the satisfaction level of patients attending outpatient pharmacies was low and differed among various socio-demographic groups. Approximately one-half of the patients were not satisfied with outpatient pharmacy services. These findings underscore the dire need for managerial interventions including the hiring of trained professionals, onsite training of pharmacy staff, initiation of clinical or patient centered pharmacy services, evaluation of patient`s response towards the services and appropriate controlling measures, irrespective to the type of hospitals.
Tables for effective dose assessment from diagnostic radiology (period 1946–1995) in epidemiologic studies
Authors: Meiboom Merle Friederike , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Weitmann Kerstin , von Boetticher Heiner
Published: April 2021

Diagnostic radiology is a leading cause of man-made radiation exposure to the population. It is an important factor in many epidemiological studies as variable of interest or as potential confounder. The effective dose as a risk related quantity is the most often stated patient dose. Nevertheless, there exists no comprehensive quantification model for retrospective analysis for this quantity. This paper gives a catalog of effective dose values for common and rare examinations and demonstrates how to modify the dose values to adapt them to different calendar years using a quantification concept already used for retrospective analysis of the red bone marrow dose. It covers the time period of 1946 to 1995 and allows considering technical development and different practical standards over time. For an individual dose assessment, if the dose area product is known, factors are given for most examinations to convert the dose area product into the effective dose. Additionally factors are stated for converting the effective dose into the red bone marrow dose or vice versa.
A dynamic goal adapted task oriented dialogue agent
Authors: Tiwari Abhisek , Saha Tulika , Saha Sriparna , Sengupta Shubhashis , Maitra Anutosh , Ramnani Roshni , Bhattacharyya Pushpak
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Existing virtual agents (VAs) present in dialogue systems are either information retrieval based or static goal-driven. However, in real-world situations, end-users might not have a known and fixed goal beforehand for the task, i.e., they may upgrade/downgrade/update their goal components in real-time to maximize their utility values. Existing VAs are unable to handle such dynamic goal-oriented situations.

Methodology

Due to the absence of any related dialogue dataset where such choice deviations are present, we have created a conversational dataset called Deviation adapted Virtual Agent(DevVA), with the manual annotation of its corresponding intents, slots, and sentiment labels. A Dynamic Goal Driven Dialogue Agent (DGDVA) has been developed by incorporating a Dynamic Goal Driven Module (GDM) on top of a deep reinforcement learning based dialogue manager. In the course of a conversation, the user sentiment provides grounded feedback about agent behavior, including goal serving action. User sentiment appears to be an appropriate indicator for goal discrepancy that guides the agent to complete the user’s desired task with gratification. The negative sentiment expressed by the user about an aspect of the provided choice is treated as a discrepancy that is being resolved by the GDM depending upon the observed discrepancy and current dialogue state. The goal update capability and the VA’s interactiveness trait enable end-users to accomplish their desired task satisfactorily.

Findings

The obtained experimental results illustrate that DGDVA can handle dynamic goals with maximum user satisfaction and a significantly higher success rate. The interaction drives the user to decide its final goal through the latent specification of possible choices and information retrieved and provided by the dialogue agent. Through the experimental results (qualitative and quantitative), we firmly conclude that the proposed sentiment-aware VA adapts users’ dynamic behavior for its goal setting with substantial efficacy in terms of primary objective i.e., task success rate (0.88).

Practical implications

In real world, it can be argued that many people do not have a predefined and fixed goal for tasks such as online shopping, movie booking & restaurant booking, etc. They tend to explore the available options first which are aligned with their minimum requirements and then decide one amongst them. The DGDVA provides maximum user satisfaction as it enables them to accomplish a dynamic goal that leads to additional utilities along with the essential ones.

Originality

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort towards the development ofA Dynamic Goal Adapted Task-Oriented Dialogue Agentthat can serve user goals dynamically until the user is satisfied.
Digital data-based strategies: A novel form of better understanding COVID-19 pandemic and international scientific collaboration
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhao Henan
Published: April 2021

International scientific collaborations have always been regarded as critical actions to address global pandemics, however, there was an obvious uncertainty between international collaboration and the COVID-19 control. We aim to combine digital data-based strategies to produce meaningful and advanced insights into the imbalance between COVID-19 and international collaboration, as well as reveal possible influencing factors, and ultimately enhance global collaboration. We conducted three retrospective cohort studies using respectively COVID-19 data from WHO, a complete dataset of scientific publications on coronavirus-related research from WoS, and daily data from Google Trends (GT). The results of geovisualization and spatiotemporal analysis revealed that the global COVID19 pandemic still remains serious. The global issue of imbalance between international collaborations and pandemic does exit, and the nations with good pandemic control had their own characteristics in above-mentioned correlation. Digital epidemiology provides, at least in part, evidence-based assessment and scientific advice to understand the imbalance between international collaborations and COVID-19. Our investigation demonstrates that transdisciplinary conversation through digital data-based strategies can help us fully understand the complex factors influencing the effectiveness of international scientific collaboration, thus facilitating the global response to COVID-19.
Selection preferences for animal species used in bone-tool-manufacturing strategies in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Bradfield Justin , Kitchener Andrew C. , Buckley Michael
Published: April 2021

Animal symbolism is a prominent feature of many human societies globally. In some cases, these symbolic attributes manifest in the technological domain, influencing the decision to use the bones of certain animals and not others for tool manufacture. In southern Africa, animals feature prominently in the cosmogenic narratives of both hunter-gatherer and Bantu-speaking farmer groups. Whenever these two culturally distinct groups came into contact with each other there would be an assimilation of cosmogenic concepts of power and the adoption of certain symbolically important animals. In this paper, we report on which animals were selected to make bone tools during the first millennium AD contact period in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, and explore the extent to which this selection may have been influenced by the symbolic associations of specific animals. Our results show selective targeting of specific animals for tool manufacture at some sites, with a narrowing of the range of selected species during the first millennium AD contact period. Certain antelope tribes, such as Aepycerotini, Cephalophini and Antilopini, appear to have been deliberately avoided, thus arguing against opportunistic selection. Nor does the range of selected animals appear to show any obvious mechanical considerations, as has been noted in similar studies. We highlight the potential of ZooMS for understanding the dynamics of animal symbolism in the past.
A study of 1970s Hakkâri handmade shoes: An ethnography
Authors: Buğrul Hasan
Published: April 2021

This study examines the types of shoes that were worn in the 1970s in Hakkâri – a city and province in Turkey close to the Turkish–Iraqi border – and its surroundings, linking them to social status, choice and taste, as well as economic power and the original cultural heritage of the local community. The findings detailed herein are based on samples taken from fieldwork conducted in 32 localities. Severe winter conditions have an important place among the factors that shape the social life of the local people of Hakkâri. In winter, they used to wear snowshoes called ‘leken’ to walk comfortably on snow of 2 m depth. Unlike various types of shoes worn today, there were three types of shoes worn in Hakkâri and its surroundings in the past in addition to snowshoes. The first is the one made of goat hair called ‘reşik’; the second is called ‘lastik’, which has a tyre sole and has knitted sides made of goat’s hair yarn; the third is a shoe called ‘kalik’, made from cattle skin. The characteristics of these have close relations with the material, colour and shape of shoes and the class and status of the people who wore them as well as with traditions and culture of the community. As well as exploring the material and other features of these shoes, similar examples, redesigned and made in other nearby provinces, are compared and discussed. This study is significant in that these traditional handicrafts are at risk of vanishing, as are other handicrafts in other parts of the world, due to the influence of technology and industrialization. By considering the traditional methods of shoe-making in Hakkâri and contextualizing this amongst the practices of other nearby provinces, this study aims to contribute to the promotion of the culture and art of the region and add to the limited literature in this field.
‘How soon was now?’: A retrospective on the popularity of nouveau vintage
Authors: Brett Rachel
Published: April 2021

Fashion is a product and reflection of time and tantamount to modernity. The promise of which rests in the future, thus fashion is forever looking forward in the ambition to be ‘new’. Vintage fashion, namely clothes from past periods apprehend this perpetual cycle, often adopted by alternative groups of consumers to create different looks as a subcultural trend. This trend has in recent times been subsumed by capitalism while the label ‘vintage’ has become a marketing term applied to new mass-produced fashions. What can be understood from society’s attitude to progress and the promise of modernity by this remaking of the past into a pastiche? Fashion can prove to be a perfect conduit through which to understand complex conceptualisations of time, and more specifically the concept of 'political time'. What people wear can further cast a light on public consciousness and its faith in development and hope for a better future. This article will consider conceptions of time and modernity as a theoretical tool to reflect on the development of nouveau vintage, which is a recreation of vintage styles and fashion, mass produced for a wider market. Including the role of memory and dialectics, nouveau vintage can be thought of as a refusal for development, while demonstrating fashion is a cultural object worthy of philosophical enquiry.
Universidades locales: ejemplos de marcos de interacción para el establecimiento contencioso de convenciones culturales
Authors: Meléndez Luis Arturo
Published: April 2021

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A ABORDAGEM REFLEXIVO-DIALÓGICA NA FORMAÇÃO DE FORMADORES ON-LINE: POSSIBILIDADES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Nunes Lina Cardoso , Garfinkel Mirian
Published: April 2021

O presente aritgo aborda as peculiaridades e diferentes estratégias que o mundo on-line requer na práxis cotidiana transitanto por conceitos como cibercultura, interaitvidade, hipertexto, autonomia, entre outros. Assim sendo, a formação de formadores precisa se voltar para uma perspecitva dialógico-reflexiva capaz de estimular vínculos que facilitem aconstrução de redes de conhecimento e saberes. São de inestimável valor as contribuições teóricas de Freire, Habermas, Bakhting, Buber, Shon e Levy. O espaço para que a educação on-line, atinja sua plenitude precisa estar em sintonia com o saber saber, saber fazer e saber aprender.
E A RAZÃO SE FEZ MaQUINA E PERMANECE ENTRE NÓS
Authors: Pucci Bruno
Published: April 2021

Este ensaio se propõe analisar a questão da técnica moderna, sua

transformação em tecnologia na era das máquinas e sua

permanência, soberana, entre nós. E quer fazê-lo tão somente a

partir de dois ensaios do início dos anos quarenta do século que se

foi. O primeiro, de Herbert Marc use, Algumas implicações sociais da

tecnologia moderna, 1941, e o ou tro, de Max Horkheimere Theodor

Adorno, O conceito de esclarecimento, final de 1942. Serão levados

em consideração o contexto em que surgem os dois tex tos Â— e,

para tal, meu utilizarei do livro de RolfWiggershaus sobre a Escola

de Frankfurt Â— e seus conteúdos, quando se referirem à temática

em análise. O autor parte do pressuposto de que a ratio que se fez

máquina , na era das tecnologias mecânicas, pela mediação do

número, do cálculo, da equação, da padronização, desenvolveu

ad infinitum sua potencialidade ins trumental na era das tecnologias

digitais, genéticas e cibernéticas de nossos dias; e que os estudos

dos frankfurtianos dos anos 40 muito contribuem para se entender

a onipresente e onipotente racionalização da vida do homem do

século XXI.
A FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DA FELICIDADE EM MARX
Authors: Barbosa Claudio Luis de Alvarenga
Published: April 2021

Ao mostrar que não existe ética independente dos interesses

fundamentalmente econômicos dos homens, Marx admite que

numa sociedade dividida em classes não existe uma ética acima

dessas classes. Isso nos leva a inferir que em uma sociedade de classes antagônicas não existe uma noção de felicidade que sirva igualmente para todas essas classes. O que existe é um conceito de felicidade em forma de ideologia que expressa interesses da classe dominante. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o conceito de felicidade, dominante na sociedade capitalista contemporânea, à luz da obra de Karl Marx. Esperamos contribuir, dessa forma, para a constituição de uma noção de felicidade pautad em uma leitura crítica do pensamento de Marx, mesmo que não encontremos em seus escritos, referências explícitas a essa noção.
HELOISA ODER DIE SEHNSUCHT NACH FREUNDSCHAFT
Authors: Niggli Ursula
Published: April 2021

Unter dem Aspekt von Freundschaft wird die mehrmaligen

Rollenwechsel einschlieÃŸende Liaison zwischen Abaelard und

Heloisa umrisshaft in ihrem Verlauf und ihrer Entwick-lung

nachgezeichnet. Das HerzstÃ¼ck meiner Deutung thematisiert die

VerfÃ¼hrung Heloisas, ihre absolute (reine) Liebe und ihr

Freundschaftsbegehren. Nicht weniger ausfÃ¼hrlich gehe ich

andererseits auf drei mÃ¶gliche GrÃ¼nde fÃ¼r Abaelards UnvermÃ¶gen

Heloisa gegenÃ¼ber ein, und zwar in der Absicht, seine Liebe fÃ¼r

Heloisa (entgegen dem Verdacht aller Welt) ganz in ihrem Sinn

zu rechtfertigen.
O PROBLEMA DA FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DA ÉTICA NA FILOSOFIA DE SCHOPENHAUER
Authors: Moreira Jacqueline de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar a concepção ética de

Schopenhauer refletindo, primeiramente, sobre a ineficácia da

razão no campo da moralidade. Para o filósofo o fundamento da

ação moral está no sentimento da compaixão. E esse, por sua vez,

só é possível mediante a percepção da verdade metafísica da

unidade entre todas as coisas. Ultrapassando o véu de Maia do

mundo fenomênico, através da abolição do egoísmo e negação da

vontade individual, o homem encontra como princípio último do

universo a Vontade, sendo que esse ato de abnegação desvela o

verdadeiro princípio ético.
O PROFESSOR DE MEDICINA VETERINaRIA NA ÓTICA DE EX-ALUNOS
Authors: Feltran Regina Célia de Santis
Published: April 2021

Esta é uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, que se baseia nas teorias desenvolvimentistas, sobre avaliação do professor

universitário na ótica de 32 ex-alunos de Medicina Veterinária,

procedentes de 13 Estados brasileiros. Seu objetivo foi verificar se existem regularidades em torno das descrições do melhor professor evocado, daquele que se distingÃ¼iu dos demais, e se essas regularidades aproximam-se do que a literatura psicológica aponta conceitualmente como sabedoria. Foram utilizadas questões abertas, respondidas por escrito. Os resultados mostraram que as descrições do melhor professor apresentaram, no conjunto, elementos indicadores conceituais de sabedoria, significando que os docentes distinguem-se, pessoal e profissionalmente, na ajuda quanto ao desenvolvimento de seus alunos. Concordando com estudos na

mesma temática, pode-se constatar que a validade do julgamento dos graduandos a respeito do professor permanece após o término do curso, para vários aspectos, dentre os quais a adequação de preparação, interesse, estimulação da curiosidade intelectual e atitude progressista. Esses e outros fatores descritos pelos ex-alunos compõem o perfil do professor que emana sabedoria.
EDUCAÇÃO E RAZOABILIDADE NA TEORIA DA JUSTIÇA DE RAWLS
Authors: Silva Sidney Reinaldo
Published: April 2021

A escola tem que proporcionar condições para que todos adquiram

as virtudes políticas? Este texto discute um prisma para se analisar,

propor e avaliar práticas e concepções educacionais. Nas

sociedades modernas, os conflitos entre concepções de mundo e

de vida mostram o quanto estas podem se tornar incompatíveis e

mesmo irreconciliáveis. Na escola, isso tem uma repercussão

especial, mas não muito diferente do que ocorre em outros espaços

públicos. Na definição dessas propostas, ocorrem disputas entre

diversos valores e princípios para a formação humana. Rawls

propõe um esquema que possibilita refletir sobre formas de lidar

com a divergência dessas concepções. M ostro que tanto o que vai

ser ensinado na escola quanto a forma como se decide sobre isso

podem ser enfocados a partir da concepção de razoabilidade

proposta pelo autor, apesar das críticas às quais estão sujeitos os

seus pressupostos ético-políticos.
A EDUCAÇÃO SENEQUIANA
Authors: Melo José Joaquim Melo Pereira
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como preocupação fazer algumas reflexões

sobre o conceito de educação de Sêneca. A educação, para esse

pensador, consistia na subordinação das tendências instintivas Ã 

razão, e a condição fundamental para essa sujeição era o

conhecimento de si mesmo. Isto implica que, em sua concepção, o

processo formativo tinha um caráter de auto-educação, cujos

princípios fundamentais eram a moral, a virtude, a liberdade, a

sabedoria e a filosofia. Assim, o pensamento de Sêneca deve ser

abordado segundo dois eixos condutores significativos. O primeiro

é que a sabedoria e a filosofia são realidades inseparáveis e diz

respeito à meta da formação, ou seja, à educação "consumadaâ€?; o

segundo, que tanto a filosofia como a sabedoria fazem parte da

substância da educação e refere-se, ainda, ao objetivo imediato,

instrumento e caminho para formação, quer dizer, a educação se

"realizandoâ€?.
MEMÓRIAS DE DIRETORES: ENTRE PRÁTICAS E HISTÓRIAS DO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR
Authors: Pezzato João Pedro , De Paula e Silva Joyce Mary Adam , Dias Borges Magali de Fátima , Tuppy Maria Isabel Nogueira
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo consiste no registro de memórias de um diretor e de uma diretora que atuaram em escolas públicas de M inas Gerais, e na análise de suas narrativas. O objetivo foi captar suas representações sobre as práticas administrativas e pedagógicas rememoradas dos anos de exercício profissional (1960 a 1990). Com a metodologia da história oral, nossa investigação buscou construir uma interpretação a respeito de atitudes, posturas e práticas enraizadas nos rituais da escola contemporânea. Pudemos observar que no período estudado havia uma política extremamente centralizada, cujas diretrizes eram difundidas pelos órgãos centrais da administração burocrática. O trabalho de gestão das unidades escolares era pautado, principalmente, pelo controle do cumprimento das normas estabelecidas pela política pública de educação.
EDUCAÇÃO E DEMOCRACIA UM ENSAIO SOBRE O CONCEITO DE EXPERIÊNCIA EM JOHN DEWEY
Authors: Andrade Julia Pinheiro
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo procura discutir o conceito de experiência na

obra de John Dewey, um dos pensadores da educação mais

influentes ao longo do século XX. Como queremos demonstrar, a

força e a fragilidade do pensamento deweyano estará em enunciar

a possibilidade de formação de uma cultura democrática, isto é,

de formação de modos de pensar, de agir e de sentir, em uma

palavra, de uma cultura de interação social em que ciência e estética se combinem de tal forma que tornem todo e qualquer gesto humano uma encarnação de valores democráticos. Apesar de seu fundamento liberal, em certo sentido datado e circunscrito, o vigor desse princípio democrático é, por si só, motivo de interesse para todos que hoje se esforçam na elaboração de uma filosofia da feducação mais emancipatória e libertária.
Pencegahan Perilaku Agresif Anak Usia Dini dengan Bernyayi dan Menari
Authors: Ladya Putri Syafi’i Aura , Hadi Dzinnun
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics of singing and dancing techniques in preventing aggressive behavior in early childhood. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The subjects of the study were students or children who behaved aggressively in PAUD Al-Adiba institutions, Blitar. Data collection was carried out by several methods, namely observation, interviews, and documentation study. The results of the data were analyzed using a grounded theory analysis approach model. The results showed that the aggressive behavior of the children of PAUD Al-Adibal Blitar, among others: beatings, screaming, crying, etc. were caused by factors of parenting, social environment, and genetics. Singing or dancing techniques can be used by teachers in overcoming children's aggressiveness. As much as 80% of early childhood education learning activities are used for singing and dancing for each material. So that singing and dancing can be used as a means of preventing aggressive behavior at PAUD Al-Adiba Blitar from an early age.
Options for Solving the Ecological Problem of the Angara-Yenisei Region
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS, Kibalov Evgeny , Malov Vladimir ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS, Shibikin Dmitry ,   Siberian Transport University
Published: April 2021

The Angara-Yenisei region is located on the territory of the Yenisei catchment area and together with other great rivers of Siberia and the Far East forms the ecological and assimilation potential of the TRANS-Urals. Its preservation and development are an elements of Russia’s national security. From this point of view, the national project «Ecology» of Russia is critically analyzed, and it is proposed to identify and implement a re-qualification program to solve the environmental problems of the Yenisei and the Angara-Yenisei region. The first, research stage of such a program is recommended to be implemented by academic science at the expense of state sources of funding, and business funds should be attracted at the following stages deployment of the program. The elements of the scientific tools for substantiating the proposed program that have been developed so far in the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS are demonstrated
Response of wheat varieties to salinity: growth, yield and ion analysis
Authors: Nazir Hina , Gul Humaira , Rauf Mamoona , Yaseen Tabassum , Rahman Khushnood Ur , Khan Yaseen , Amin Bakht , Shah Sulaiman , Shah Mohib , Noor Muhammad
Published: April 2021

In plants, development, growth and yield most severely affected through saline soil/water in growth medium, ultimately cause severe threat to global food production for human being. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the most edible crop in Pakistan. Production of this crop can be improved through using marginal areas with the help of growing salt-tolerant varieties. The present investigation is carried out to screen out six local wheat varieties (F.Sarhad, Insaf, Lalma, Tatora, Bathoor and Barsat) with reference to their vegetative and reproductive growth, different physiological parameters [relative water content (RWC), electrolyte-leakage (EL) and leaf water loss (LWL)] and ionic status of plants. Present experiment designed in completely randomized manner (CRD) and 54 pots were arranged in the Botanical Garden, Department of Botany. These pots arranged in 6 lines with 9 pots/line and each line was irrigated with non-saline (control), 50 mM and 150 mM NaCl solution. The data from present research revealed that application of salt cause significant reduction in plant-height, root-length, fresh-biomass, dry-biomass, seed number/plant, seed weight/plant, spike-weight, relative water content, leaf water loss, and different ions of plants. Similarly at same applied doses of salt weight of 100 seeds, spike-length, electrolyte-leakage, Na+ and Cl- ions become increased. It has been concluded from the results of present study that varieties F. Sarhad, Insaf and Lalma exhibited more salt tolerance as compare to other varieties. So, these recommended for growing on moderately salt affected soil/water to achieve more yield of wheat from such affected lands of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: Challenges and considerations
Authors: Chaube Ruchi
Published: April 2021

It is essential to consider challenges previously faced and addressed while developing a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Considering the severity of the health crisis that SARS-CoV-2 has caused worldwide, and with so little known about the virus, our focus should be drawn towards approaches that can bring better development outcomes in a relatively short period of time. This commentary discusses the use of nucleic acid (deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid) vaccines against viral infections and pandemic-like settings. The potential advantages of the nucleic acid vaccines over conventional vaccines are presented, and the nucleic acid vaccines currently in development against viral infections and the challenges these vaccines face entering clinical trial are discussed.
Surveillance de la rougeole au Canada, 2019
Authors: Coulby Cameron , Reyes Domingo Francesca , Hiebert Joanne , Squires Susan G
Published: April 2021

Contexte : L’Agence de la santé publique du Canada (l’Agence) a amélioré la surveillance de la rougeole depuis 1998, année où la transmission de la rougeole a été éliminée au Canada. L’objectif de ce rapport national annuel de surveillance de la rougeole est de fournir un résumé épidémiologique de l’activité de la rougeole déclarée au Canada pour 2019 afin de fournir des données probantes pour appuyer la vérification continue du statut d’élimination de la rougeole au Canada. Méthodes : Les données de surveillance de la rougeole se trouvent dans la base de données du Système canadien de surveillance de la rougeole et de la rubéole (SCSRR). Des analyses descriptives de la démographie et des facteurs de risque ont été effectuées. Les caractéristiques de l’éclosion ont été résumées et des analyses génotypiques ont été effectuées. Les données de surveillance, de laboratoire et de couverture vaccinale de 2019 ont été utilisées pour évaluer la situation du Canada par rapport aux critères essentiels de l’Organisation panaméricaine de la santé (OPS) pour la vérification de l’élimination de la rougeole. Résultats : En 2019, 113 cas de rougeole ont été signalés au Canada (taux brut d’incidence de 3,0 cas pour 1 000 000 personnes). Parmi ces cas, 42 (37 %) ont été importés au Canada, et 12 (29 %) ont entraîné une transmission supplémentaire. Les nourrissons de moins d’un an présentaient le taux d’incidence par âge le plus élevé, soit 13,1 cas pour 1 000 000 personnes. Seulement 29 % des cas contenaient une ou plusieurs doses documentées de vaccin contre la rougeole. Un cinquième (19 %) des cas ont été hospitalisé; aucun décès n’a été signalé. Des renseignements sur le génotype étaient disponibles pour 100 % des éclosions signalées en 2019 et 90 % des cas de rougeole non liés aux éclosions. Parmi les cas pour lesquels des renseignements sur le génotype étaient disponibles, 27 % étaient de type B3 et 73 % étaient de type D8. Conclusion : Même si seulement trois des quatre critères essentiels de l’OPS pour l’élimination de la rougeole ont été respectés entièrement ou partiellement, les données ne démontrent pas le rétablissement de la transmission endémique du virus de la rougeole.