bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF USE OF ADHESIVE SURGICAL DRAPES
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Tver, MOROZOV ARTEM M. , SERGEYEV ALEKSEY N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Tver, MOROZOVA ANASTASIA D. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Tver, RACHEK ANDREY M. ,   Solnechnogorsk Regional Hospital, KURKOVA VERONIKA V. ,   Tver State Medical University, SEMENOVA SOFYA M. ,   Tver State Medical University, BELYAK MARIA A. ,   Tver State Medical University, NEVOSTRUEVA ANNA A. ,   Tver State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Infection of the surgical field is a common cause of purulent-septic complications. Various studies show that the majority of cases of infection of the surgical field occurs by patients' own microflora directly during surgical manipulations, as well as in the early postoperative period. Aim. The aim of the study is to study the types and possibilities of using self-adhesive surgical films. Material and methods. In the course of this study, the analysis of literature sources containing information on the use of self-adhesive surgical films was carried out. Results and discussion. A modern alternative to the treatment of the surgical field with antiseptic solutions is the use of surgical films. Self-adhesive surgical films prevent the spread of microorganisms from the skin surrounding the surgical field directly into the wound. They may be impregnated with an antiseptic or not have it in their composition. The films provide effective isolation of the surgical field, for this reason, the possibility of exogenous infection is excluded. The use of films implies the rejection of surgical underwear, which, with the standard preparation of the surgical field, is applied to the area of the intended incision. Conclusion. Currently, there is no unambiguous data on the effectiveness of the use of self-adhesive surgical films. A number of researchers note not only a significant decrease in the infection of the surgical intervention area when using surgical films, but also a reduction in the cost of medical care for patients, other works, on the contrary, either do not note noticeable differences between the use of films and surgical interventions without these antiseptic drugs or show an increase in the contamination of the surgical field when using surgical films.
LOWER URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (CYSTITIS, BACTERIURIA) IN OUTPATIENT PRACTICE: CHANGING THE STRATEGY AND TACTICS OF EMPIRICAL ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY (NEW CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS)
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, SIGITOVA OLGA N. , KIM TAISIA YU. ,   Kazan State Medical University, KHASANOVA MILYAUSHA I. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. When treating urinary tract infections, especially lower urinary tract cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria, quite a few factors have to be considered, such as first episode of cystitis or recurrence, presence of pregnancy or lactation, suspected pathogen and its sensitivity/resistance to antimicrobial agents in the region, recent antibiotic treatment and many others. One such factor that determines disease outcome is the rational choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy. The results of domestic and foreign epidemiological studies indicate a global increase in resistance of uropathogens to antibiotics, which has influenced the change of modern strategy and tactics of antimicrobial therapy. Aim. To review current data on the results of epidemiological and clinical studies and substantiate clinical recommendations for rational empirical therapy of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. Material and methods. The original epidemiological and clinical studies in the foreign and domestic literature and clinical guidelines on the topic for the last 5 years were searched. Results and its discussion. Data from epidemiological studies of community-acquired urinary tract infections in the Russian Federation show decreasing sensitivity and increasing resistance among outpatient strains of uropathogenic E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to antibiotics commonly used in outpatient practice: fluoroquinolones, betalactams (including protected ones), cephalosporins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. which was a prerequisite for limiting the use of many antibiotics widely used in the treatment of urinary tract infections in the last decade. The findings were the basis for changes in the strategy and tactics of empirical antimicrobial therapy, in particular to the exclusion of quinolones/fluoroquinolones and restriction of betalactams from the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis. This review presents indications for a rational choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy for acute and recurrent cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria: recommended regimens, doses and duration of therapy. Conclusion. The decision to prescribe antibiotic therapy for lower urinary tract infections should be made after ineffectiveness and non-antimicrobial prophylaxis, and the choice of antibiotic should be based on its environmental safety and prevention of global antimicrobial resistance buildup.
THE EFFECT OF HEPATOPROTECTORS ON THE STATE OF THE LIVER IN POST COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors:   Tashkent State Dental Institute, DAMINOVA LOLA T.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. In previous studies, it was found that MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV cause damage to parenchymal organs, including liver damage in patients with COVID-19. Virus-induced influence on hepatocytes and cholangiocytes is considered one of the possible factors of liver failure. Direct viral damage to the liver can be detected in the infectious period, inflammatory and toxic damage can develop both in the acute period and in the post-infectious phase against the background of the rehabilitation period. Aim. The aim of the study was to study the effect of various hepatoprotectors on the functional state of the liver in patients in the early rehabilitation period of COVID-19. Material and methods. 243 post COVID-19 patients were under observation, depending on the therapy, the patients were divided into 4 groups: group 0 – group (n=60) – therapy without hepatoprotectors; ursodeoxycholic acid group (n=61) – ursodeoxycholic acid was included in therapy; glycyrrhizic acid and phospholipids group (n=63) – glycyrrhizic acid and phospholipids in the form of Phosphogliv tablets are included in therapy; group ademeteonin (n=59) – ademeteonin is included in therapy. The control examination was carried out a month later. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. To assess the functional state of the liver in the blood of patients, the enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamylaminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, albumin was determined. Conclusion. In patients in the early rehabilitation period of COVID-19, there are increase in the levels of enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in the blood, which indicates functional liver disorders. The use of hepatoprotectors makes it possible to increase the positive effect of rehabilitation on the severity of markers of cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes. Ursodeoxycholic acid has the most pronounced effect on normalization of alanine aminotransferase, total and direct bilirubin levels.
SUCCESSFUL CASE OF USING THE POLYMYXIN SORPTION OF ENDOTOXIN IN THE COMBINED THERAPY OF A PATIENT WITH GRAM-NEGATIVE SEPSIS CAUSED BY LATE INFECTED MISCARRIAGE
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, GABIDULLINA RUSHANIA I. , BAYALIEVA AINAGUL ZH. ,   Kazan State Medical University, SHIGABUTDINOVA TATYANA N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, MELNIKOV EVGENIJ A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, AKHUNDOV RUSTAM N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, FATKULLIN FARID I. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, GRIGORIEV VITALIJ S. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, KALIMULLINA GULFIRYA N. ,   City Clinical Hospital 7, Kazan, SYRMATOVA LYAJSAN I. ,   City Clinical Hospital 7, Kazan, KAPELYUSHNIK POLINA L. ,   Kazan State Medical University, SALAKHOVA RIMMA R. ,   City Clinical Hospital 7, Kazan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Sepsis is one of the most serious problems of modern obstetrics, accounting for 11% of the overall structure of maternal mortality. One of the main initial causes of sepsis is endotoxin having diverse biological effects. Moreover, during sepsis development, endotoxin directly or indirectly leads to irreversible and often life-incompatible damage to organs. Columns for direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B are used for extracorporeal endotoxin removal. Aim: Reviewing the literature on using columns with polymyxin B in sepsis treatment and describing our own clinical observation of maternal sepsis. Materials and Methods. Review of publications in electronic resources, such as PubMed, eLibrary, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. This article presents a clinical case of successful sepsis treatment during late infected miscarriage in a young patient. Results and Discussion. Currently published systematic reviews and meta- analyses prove the reduction of mortality in patients with sepsis/septic shock. A 39-year-old patient was admitted with signs of chorioamnionitis and incipient miscarriage at 20-21 weeks of pregnancy. After the delivery of a dead fetus, the picture of sepsis and septic shock developed. Removal of the uterus as the primary source of infection did not improve the woman’s condition. Positive changes were only observed after having applied the polymyxin sorption of endotoxin. This new advanced technology in medicine, thanks to the timely use, correct dose, and duration of hemoperfusion with polymyxin B, made it possible to remove bacterial endotoxins safely and effectively from the blood, which led to the successful sepsis therapy. Conclusions. Thanks to the coordinated actions of a multidisciplinary team of highly qualified specialists and the timely administration of adequate therapy, it was possible to save the patient’s life, thus preventing her from maternal mortality.
CARBAMAZEPINE HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION WITH EOSINOPHILIA AND SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS (DRESS SYNDROME). Case report and literature review
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, DELIAN VICTORIA Y. , KLYUCHAROVA ALIYA R. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. A drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, potentially life- threatening T-cell mediated reaction characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and by a variable and unpredictable course. It is difficult to diagnose this reaction due to the long latent period between the start of therapy with a new drug and onset of symptoms, as well as due to no pathognomonic manifestations. Aim. Providing physicians with an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of DRESS syndrome exemplified by our own clinical observation. Materials and Methods. A 70-year-old female patient was hospitalized in the Department of Allergology and Immunology, complaining of generalized itchy rash on the face, body, and extremities, swelling of face and hands, and temperature rise to 37.5-38 °C. She was examined using general clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods. Results and Discussion. On examination, we found generalized maculopapular rash, increased levels of hepatic transaminases, reaching the criteria for mild drug-induced liver damage, and peripheral blood eosinophilia 25% (4,260 cells in 1 μl). Using the RegiSCAR scoring system helped to diagnose drug hypersensitivity reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, while utilizing the algorithm for assessing the causal relationship between the drug and the development of symptoms allowed considering carbamazepine as a possible cause of this reaction. The patient was treated with systemic and topical glucocorticosteroids with positive changes. Conclusions. Using the RegiSCAR scoring system developed by a team of international experts facilitates diagnosing the DRESS syndrome. Identifying and withdrawing the culprit drug is an essential condition of successfully managing patients. Systemic and topical glucocorticosteroids are the drugs of choice for the treatment of drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms.
A CLINICAL CASE OF DETECTING AORTIC COARCTATION IN THE ELDERLY
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, ZAKIROVA ELVIRA B. , KUROCHKIN SERGEY V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, KIM ZULFIYA F. ,   Kazan State Medical University, LOTFULLIN ALFAR Z. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, OSIPOVA OLGA N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, MUNIPOVA NATALIA V. ,   Kazan Volga-Region Federal University, ZAYNULLINA REGINA Yu. ,   Kazan Volga-Region Federal University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Aortic coarctation is a congenital narrowing or complete rupture of aorta in the region of its arch, isthmus, lower thoracic part, or abdominal region. Predominantly (in over 90% of cases), the coarctation occurs in a “typical” place, i.e., around the aortic isthmus. This defect is often combined with other defects, such as bicuspid aortic valve, aortic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, and ventricular septal defect. Aim: To actualize knowledge about aortic coarctation and its potential clinical manifestations. Materials and Methods. Female patient N., 65 years old, was admitted in the Department of Cardiology of City Clinical Hospital 7, Kazan in an urgent manner, complaining of fatigue, chest burning that could not be reversed by taking nitroglycerin, mixed dyspnea at the minimum exercise load, heart activity disorders, and rapid uneven heartbeat for a long time. The patient was examined using general clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods. In writing this article, the authors used source medical records (history of the present disease). Results and Discussion. The defect manifested in the patient clinically at her age of 25 as her systemic hypertension was first detected, accompanied by headache, dizziness, seeing dark spots in her vision, and later rapid heartbeat and short of breath on exertion. According to literature, in about 10% of cases, early development of aortic atherosclerosis is observed especially at the site of narrowing, as well as atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which caused unstable angina pectoris and the development of atrial fibrillation in our patient. In view of clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome, the patient was prescribed coronary angiography, during which aortic coarctation was suspected. Echocardiography detected congenital heart disease that often accompanies aortic coarctation (up to 60% of cases according to official sources), namely bicuspid aortic valve, as well as atrial septal aneurysm, reduction of descending aorta, and moderate aortic stenosis with aortic insufficiency. Further, to verify the diagnosis, X-ray computed tomography of the aorta was performed, which is the gold standard in detecting aortic coarctation. This method allowed us to identify the extent of the lesion, the diameter of the narrowing of the aorta, pre- and post-stenotic areas, and the presence and condition of collaterals. Conclusions. These findings are necessary for practicing physicians when choosing a treatment strategy for patients with aortic coarctation.
ROLE OF RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INTRAMURAL DUODENAL PSEUDOCYST
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, LUKASHEV ANDREY D. , KUROCHKIN SERGEY V. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 7, Kazan, ZAKIROVA ELVIRA B. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, MAKAROV DENIS V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, GILMULLINA FIRDIYA F. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, SOROKINA ELENA S. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, PETUKHOV DENIS M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Intramural pseudocysts, i. e., pseudocysts developing in the gastrointestinal wall are very rare. It is still uncertain how a pseudocyst forms in the gastrointestinal wall. They have been reported in the stomach, duodenum, and colon as isolated cases. Pancreatic pseudocyst is the most frequent complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Aim is to present our own clinical observation of diagnosis and treatment of intramural duodenal pseudocyst in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Material and methods. A 50-year-old patient was admitted to the Surgery Department 3 of Kazan City Clinical Hospital 7, complaining of fatigue, abdominal pain upper, nausea, repeated vomiting. During his hospital stay, laboratory and instrumental investigations and minimally invasive therapeutic manipulations were performed for the patient. This article provides details on his case history, clinical manifestations, and examination findings underlying the patient management and the minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic manipulations used. Results and Discussion. Comprehensive therapeutic and diagnostic procedures made it possible to detect an intramural duodenal pseudocyst, followed by ultrasound-controlled puncture and drainage. Conclusions. Clinical observation presented demonstrates high potential of radiological and other instrumental techniques to examine patients in order to diagnose various pathologic conditions of pancreas, especially intramural pseudocyst; a need for interaction between diagnostic and clinical services; high importance of continuity and timely using various instrumental diagnostic techniques, based on the clinical case; and the dependency of the efficiency of the treatment strategy chosen on interdisciplinary approach and system analysis of the changes identified.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF DIAGNOSING AND SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NON-NEOPLASTIC LIVER LESIONS
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan, MAKSIMOV ANTON I.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Etiology of benign non-neoplastic liver lesions is quite diverse. They are usually represented by both purulent inflammatory and parasitic foci. Non-tumor lesions are characterized by severe course and by difficulties in diagnosing and managing the patients. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of the diagnostic search and surgical treatment of patients with non-neoplastic liver lesions, based on the experience of our clinic.Materials and Methods. Treatment cases of 34 patients with non-tumor liver foci were analyzed by our team. We studied the steps of diagnosing non-neoplastic liver lesions and the surgical approaches to treatment, based on the etiology and nature of each liver lesion. Results and Discussion. In 79% (n=27) of all cases, focal diseases have been observed over the last three years. Etiologically, liver segment lesions were different. In 53.6% (n=18) of cases, 2-3 segments were affected simultaneously. In 11.7% (n=4) of cases, bilobar liver damages were detected. In liver abscesses, minimally invasive surgical approaches were used predominantly; in 70.9% (n=24) of cases, percutaneous abscess drainage was performed under ultrasound navigation. In 8.8% (n=3) of cases, abscess was redrained with a catheter; in 5.8% (n=2) of cases, abscess cavity was evacuated by puncturing. In cholangiogenic abscesses, the leading purpose was to resolve the hypertension of the bile ducts, followed by the abscess drainage. Smaller cholangiogenic abscesses were managed conservatively. Mortality was 5.8%. (n=2) in all groups of interest. Conclusion. In diagnosing the non-neoplastic liver lesions, an integrated approach is required, considering the present history and laboratory findings. In this case, the diagnosis standard is the use of ultrasound technology and computed tomography scans, while magnetic resonance imaging is indicated for diagnosing pathological factors relating to bile ducts. Surgical approaches are dependent on the nature of the pathological process. Minimally invasive technique under ultrasound navigation is the key technique for treating patients with purulent inflammatory liver lesions.
THE PROBLEM OF CHOOSING STARTING ETHIOTROPIC THERAPY IN SURGICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Tver State Medical University, MOROZOV ARTEM M. , SERGEYEV ALEKSEY N. ,   Tver State Medical University, ZHUKOV SERGEY V. ,   Tver State Medical University, EPIFANOV NIKOLAY Y. ,   GBUZ GKB im. S.S. Yudina, Moscow, MURAVLJANCEVA MARIJA M. ,   Tver State Medical University, RYZHOVA TAISIJA S. ,   Tver State Medical University, POTOCKAJA LIDIJA A. ,   Tver State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The choice of an effective starting antibiotic therapy is a key problem at the stage of treatment of purulent- infectious diseases in a surgical hospital. Justified prescription of certain pharmacological groups of drugs with a certain duration of the course in accordance with the sensitivity of the pathogen prevents the development of antibiotic resistance, which has now acquired a global character. The aim of the study identification of the most common causative agents purulent-septic diseases in patients of a surgical hospital and monitoring of their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs in order to select the optimal empirical starting therapy. Materials and methods. A statistical analysis of the results of bacteriological examination of purulent discharge from foci of surgical infection of 285 patients of the surgical department of the City Clinical Hospital 7 in Tver is presented.Results and its discussion. The analysis of the results of bacteriological research revealed a wide range of microorganisms in a surgical hospital, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and a number of microorganisms from the category «other» with less frequency of occurrence sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The results obtained were compared with the data for the Russian Federation and global statistics.Conclusions. The dominant gram-negative microorganisms were Escherichia coli and gram-positive ones - Staphylococcus aureus. Local sensitivity assessment showed that the predominant percentage of microorganisms is sensitive to gentamicin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The data obtained simplifies the selection of an effective starting antibiotic therapy, which reduces the rate of formation of multidrug resistance. However, taking into account the rate of development of antibiotic resistance, at the moment, there remains a need for constant monitoring of the sensitivity of pathogens to antibacterial drugs within each specific department of a medical and prophylactic institution.
POST-TUBERCULOUS OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (review of foreign literature)
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, TLAIS HADI , ANAEV ELDAR KН. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease has been considered as a chronic disease for the last decade. Despite successful clinical cure of tuberculosis, up to 50% of patients have post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease, defined as the “signs of chronic respiratory distress, with or without symptoms, at least partially attributable to prior pulmonary tuberculosis”. Aim. To consider the epidemiological and pathophysiological relationships between chronic airway obstruction in COPD and tuberculosis and to highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to managing patients with post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease. Materials and Methods. We searched available information databases up to June 2023 using key terms, i.e. COPD, tuberculosis associated with COPD, post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease. Results and Discussion. Post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the many TB complications that significantly affects the economic, social, and psychological well- being of individuals, families, and communities. Post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease includes a group of heterogeneous conditions affecting the large and small airways, such as bronchiectasis or obstructive airways; lung parenchyma, pleura, and/or pulmonary vasculature, and may present with symptoms partly associated with past pulmonary tuberculosis. Post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease results from a complex interaction between human immune reactivity, pathogens, and environmental factors that affects long-term respiratory health. Major risk factors for post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease include smoking, low socioeconomic status, vitamin D deficiency, and diabetes mellitus. People with post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease have a reduced life expectancy and an increased risk of TB recurrence. Conclusions. Currently, due to the lack of controlled clinical trials, there are no generally accepted recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease. The management of patients with post-tuberculous obstructive pulmonary disease mainly includes adjuvant therapy used in other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and in pulmonary rehabilitation. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to limit lung damage.
BIORESORBABLE COMPOSITES FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS: A REVIEW OF MODERN RESEARCH
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU), KHISAMIEVA DILYARA R. , SHARAFIEV ILSUR A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU), AGATIEVA ELIMA A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, NIKIFOROV ANTON A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU), GALIMZYANOVA REZEDA Y. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU), KSEMBAYEV SAID S. ,   Kazan State Medical University, KHAKIMULIN YURI N. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU), WOLFSON SVETOSLAV I. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University (KNRTU)
Published: June 2024

Abstract: At present, there is a trend towards an increase in fractures of facial bones. Fractures of the lower jaw are in the first place within the structure of maxillofacial traumatology. Numerous foreign studies consider the possibility of using bioresorbable plates and screws in the treatment of facial fractures. This technique has some undeniable advantages. When using bioresorbable plates, there is no need for a second surgery aimed at the preplanned metal structure removal, which significantly reduces costs and provides good effects on the optimization of domestic medicine. The aim of the study was to analyze the contemporary scientific literature dealing with the development and research of composites for osteosynthesis. Materials and Methods. More than 50 sources of contemporary publications over the past 20 years were analyzed based on the scientometric databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, RSCI, and Google Scholar. We searched by the following keywords: bioresorbable polymers, implants, polylactic acid, composite materials, osteosynthesis, thermoplastic starch. Results and Discussion. It is noted that in recent years, composite polymers are being studied intensely, which contain the additives of thermoplastic starch for use in bone engineering. Such interest is due to the hydrophilic nature of starch since cells attach and proliferate more efficiently on hydrophilic surfaces. Conclusions. Despite the variety of developments currently underway, both in Russia and abroad, the search continues for a material that would meet all the physical, mechanical, physicochemical, and physiological requirements for recovering bone defects. The issues of the correct choice of bioresorbable material depending on the location, size and shape of the defect, as well as the issues of obtaining a single biomechanical system bone-implant, are still unresolved and require further research.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING THE LEVELS OF APOPTOSIS MARKERS, PROTEINS P53 AND BCL-2, IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2-CAUSED VIRAL PNEUMONIA
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, KHUTAEVA KARINA A. , DEMIDOV ALESYA A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Тo date, the prognostic value has been proven for some laboratory biomarkers and biomarker panels for risk stratification in patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2. In studies related to the research in the leading pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-19, much attention is paid to apoptosis and its markers, such as proteins P53 and BCL-2. Aim: To study the levels of P53 and Bcl-2 proteins and their prognostic significance in lethal outcomes among elderly patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, hospitalized in an infectious hospital. Materials and Methods. For the period December 2021 – February 2022, in accordance with the inclusion criteria, a sample of 67 patients was formed from elderly patients (60-74 years old) hospitalized in the hospital of infectious diseases. During the follow-up, 18 patients (26.9 %) had fatal outcomes and 49 patients (73.1 %) had favorable outcomes. Biochemical markers of apoptosis, P53 and BCL-2, were detected using the enzyme immunoassay method. Results and Discussion. The analysis showed the presence of statistically significant differences when comparing the levels of both proteins, P53 (p=0.001) and BCL-2 (p=0.002) in patients with favorable outcomes, compared to those with fatal outcomes. Threshold values of the P53 and BCL-2 proteins at the cut-off point in case of death of elderly patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 were 99.3 pg/ml and 78.9 IU/ml, respectively. The classification tree includes the following lethality predictors: Threshold levels of apoptosis markers, the number of comorbid diseases, and the respiratory failure degree. Five terminal nodes were identified. Terminal nodes 6 and 8 were classified as high risk of death. Lethal outcomes were observed in 75.0 % of patients at these nodes. At terminal node 3, fatal outcome was observed in 8.1 % of patients, while there were no fatal outcomes at terminal node 7; therefore, both were classified as low-risk ones in terms of a fatal outcome. The sensitivity of the resulting model was 66.7 %, while its specificity was 91.8%. The total share of correct predictions made 85.1% among the subjects of this sample (p=0.044). Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the prognostic significance of studying the apoptosis markers, i. e., proteins P53 and BCL-2, in elderly patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2. The classification tree proposed can be used as an auxiliary algorithm to optimize the personalized stratification of the lethality risk in elderly patients with viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2.
DECISION TREE DETERMINING THE PROBABILITY OF INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AFTER VIRAL PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY SARS–COV–2
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, PROKOFYEVA TATIANA V. , SHUVALOVA ANNA S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, POLUNINA OLGA S. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, POLUNINA EKATERINA A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Recent research results demonstrate the association of arterial hypertension with the risk of infection with SARS–CoV–2, as well as with high mortality in COVID–19. An actively debated problem is the search and study of a causal relationship between a more severe COVID–19 course and the background arterial hypertension in these patients. Aim. To predict the probability of an increase in cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension within 6 months after viral pneumonia caused by SARS–COV–2, who were treated in an infectious hospital, based on constructing a decision tree using the CHAID method. Materials and Methods. A sample was formed from persons hospitalized in 2021 in an infectious hospital deployed based on the regional clinical hospital, diagnosed with “COVID–19, virus identified” (n=45). The duration of inpatient treatment was 14 [10–16] days. Among the patients included in the study, there were 22 (48,9%) women and 23 (51,1%) men. Enzyme immunoassay was used to detect the level of endothelin–1 and the N–terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C–type in blood serum samples. Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 program (USA). The decision tree was constructed using the CHAID method. Results and Discussion. According to the analysis results, a statistically significant decrease in the levels of both endothelin–1 and N–terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C–type had been detected by the time of the patients’ discharge from the hospital, as compared with their levels at admission (p<0,001). The following predictors were selected for the model: Changes in the endothelin–1 levels during inpatient treatment (a decrease in the endothelin–1 level exceeding 10% was considered as positive change, while an increase in the endothelin–1 level, a retention at the same level and a decrease of less than 10% were considered as minor variation) and the level of N–terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C–type at discharge (>17,6 pg/ml and ≤17,6 pg/ml). In the resulting decision tree, 3 terminal nodes were observed. The sensitivity of the resulting model was 86.7%, while its specificity was 86,7%. The total share of correct forecasts was 86,7%. Conclusions. Determination of the levels of endothelin–1 and N–terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C–type in the blood serum makes it possible to adequately assess and personally predict the likelihood of an increase in cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension within 6 months after viral pneumonia caused by SARS–COV–2.
PROGNOSTIC MODEL OF THE PROBABILITY OF AN INCREASE IN THE STAGE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AFTER VIRAL PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY SARS–COV–2
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, SHUVALOVA ANNA S.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. An alarming aspect and area of study are represented by the COVID-19 consequences. Arterial hypertension is one of the most frequently reported comorbid pathologies in patients with severe-course COVID-19 requiring the patient’s hospitalization. Given the similarity of some pathogenetic mechanisms underlying arterial hypertension and COVID-19, there is no doubt about their interinfluence. One of the common pathogenetic links of arterial hypertension and COVID-19 is endothelial dysfunction. Objective: To develop a prognostic model of the probability of an increase in the stage of arterial hypertension in 6 months after viral pneumonia caused by SARS-COV-2. Material and Methods: The study included 45 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (virus identified) with arterial hypertension. This group of patients was dynamically monitored for 6 months after discharge from the hospital. The duration of inpatient treatment was 14 [10-16] bed days. The level of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction - endothelin-1 and the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type was determined in blood serum by enzyme immunoassay. The dynamics of the levels of these biomarkers during the hospital stay is regarded as positive with a decrease in the level of more than 10% and as insufficient – with an increase, unchanged values or a decrease to 10% inclusive. Results and discussion. The final prognostic model included: the level of the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type upon admission to the hospital and the dynamics of its level in the hospital. The model was statistically significant (p=0,028). Based on the values of regression coefficients, the level of the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type has a direct relationship with the probability of an increase in the stage of arterial hypertension after 6 months in patients with arterial hypertension after viral pneumonia caused by SARS-COV-2. An increase in the level of the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type by 1 pg/ml upon admission increases the risk of an increase in the stage of arterial hypertension by 1,3 times. The absence of positive dynamics of the level of the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type during inpatient treatment increases the likelihood of an increase in the stage of arterial hypertension by 19,6 times. The diagnostic sensitivity of the developed prognostic model was 86,7%, diagnostic specificity – 80,0%, diagnostic efficiency – 84,4%. Conclusions: The prognostic model developed by us, including as a predictor the level of the N-terminal precursor of natriuretic peptide C-type at admission and its dynamics in the hospital, can be used to individually predict an increase in the stage of arterial hypertension within 6 months after viral pneumonia caused by SARS-COV-2.
THE PSYCHOAFFECTIVE EXPERIENCE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT OF PARENTS OF PREMATURE NEWBORNS IN 267 CASES
Authors:   Service de Pediatrie du CHU Mohammed VI de Tanger, Maroc., Bouhyaoui Lamiae , Idaomar Dahbia ,   Service de Pediatrie du CHU Mohammed VI de Tanger, Maroc., Khabbache Kaoutar ,   Service de Pediatrie du CHU Mohammed VI de Tanger, Maroc., EL Boussadani Youssra ,   Service de Pediatrie du CHU Mohammed VI de Tanger, Maroc., Oulmaati Abdellah ,   Service de Pediatrie du CHU Mohammed VI de Tanger, Maroc.
Published: June 2024

Prematurity is a birth that occurs before the term of the pregnancy. It is a public health priority. Despite improvements in its management in recent years, prematurity remains a very worrying problem. The parental experience of premature birth can be traumatic, impacting on the quality of the parent-child relationship and requiring social support. The aim of this study is to apprehend the psycho-affective experience of parents of premature newborns and their relationships with the newborn, and with professionals using the eco-systemic approach. This is a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of 267 cases of premature newborns hospitalized in the neonatology department of Tangier University Hospital over a 12-month period from February 01, 2023 to January 31, 2024. Our study reflected the ambivalence of the parents, who oscillated between a feeling of happiness in 58 cases of the mothers (21.7%) versus 52 cases of the fathers (19.4%) for the child they were expecting, and a feeling of anxiety in 89 cases of the mothers (33, 3%) versus 82 cases of the fathers (30, 7%), as well as narcissistic wounding in 29 cases (10.8%), and guilt in 28 cases (10.4%) are more evoked in the mothers discourse compared to responsibility in 77 cases (28.8%) and unreality in 25 cases (9.3%) predominant in the fathers words. The most important source of social support, apart from the family in 214 cases (80%), was the nursing team in 33 cases (12.4%) and other relatives on the ward in 20 cases (7.4%).
ADVANCES IN FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR LOWER LIMB REHABILITATION INSTROKE: A REVIEW ON PHYSIOLOGIC AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, RVS College of Physiotherapy / Professor, KMCH College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore,Affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India., A. Brammatha , R. Nagarani ,   Professor / Ph.D Guide, Department of Neurological Physiotherapy, R.V.S College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India., B. Kannabiran ,   Professor / Ph.D Guide, Department of Neurological Physiotherapy, R.V.S College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India., S. Franklin ,   Principal / Ph.D Guide, R.V.S College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India.
Published: June 2024

Stroke results in considerable impairment of lower limb (LL) function. The objective of rehabilitation is to restore pre-stroke motor skills through the promotion of neuroplasticity. Existing literature indicates that mere movement of the impacted limb does not necessarily enhance motor performance instead, the movements should engage the patient and activate the entire neuromuscular network responsible for the intended motion. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) stands out among various rehabilitation strategies and is endorsed in numerous stroke rehabilitation protocols as an adjunctive therapy alongside standard care interventions. The aim of this research is to offer a thorough examination of the use and physiological rationale of FES in post-stroke rehabilitation. Many studies advocate for incorporating FES into a contemporary stroke rehabilitation regimen, complemented by activities such as cycling, treadmill exercises, and robotic interventions, to optimize recovery outcomes in poststroke rehabilitation.
AUTOMATIC ETCHECOPAR MICROTECTONIC ANALYSIS OF THE DAJY SECTOR (AGADEZ REGION, NORTHERN NIGER)
Authors:   Department of Geology, University of Agadez, Niger, P.O. Box 199, Agadez, Niger., Sani Abdoulwahid , Baraou Idi Souley ,   Department of Geology, University of Agadez, Niger, P.O. Box 199, Agadez, Niger., Konate Moussa ,   Department of Geology, AbdouMoumouni University of Niamey, Niger, P.O. Box 13 619 Niamey, Niger.
Published: June 2024

This study, based on microtectonic analysis using Echecopar's automatic method combined with field work in the Dajy sector, highlighted that the direction of minimum stress Ϭ3 is not homogeneous in this study area. It was thus highlighted : 1. An extensive tensors linked to a direction of Ϭ3 of approximately N90° ; 2. An extensive tensors linked to a subhorizontal Ϭ3 direction N120° E to N160° E, 3. An extensive tensors with Ϭ3 directions parallel or subparallel to the N70° E faults. This category of tensors appears to be associated with strike slip fault (Fig. 6). 4. And an average N156° extension for the Jurassic series
CONTRIBUTION DU REBOISEMENT AU DEVELOPPEMENT LOCAL ET A LA LUTTE CONTRE LES CHANGEMENTS CLIMATIQUES DANS LA COMMUNE DE LAGDO (NORD, CAMEROUN)
Authors:   Departement des Sciences Environnementales, Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Universite de Maroua, BP 58 Maroua, Cameroun., Benjamine Anguessin , Mba Felicite Obono ,   Departement des Sciences Environnementales, Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Universite de Maroua, BP 58 Maroua, Cameroun., Atda Mouniratou Doudou ,   Departement des Sciences Environnementales, Ecole Nationale Superieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Universite de Maroua, BP 58 Maroua, Cameroun.
Published: June 2024

In the current context where sub-Saharan Africa is threatened by climate change, numerous initiatives have been put in place by States, donors, researchers and local communities in order to find solutions to fight against deforestation and strengthen the capacity of local populations. It is with this in mind that a study was carried out on the contribution of reforestation to the local development of the municipality of Lagdo and the fight against climate change. In order to take stock of the plant cover in the study area, direct observations and land use maps using satellite images as well as surveys and targeted interviews were carried out. Dendrometric surveys were carried out in the field to estimate biomass, carbon stock and associated carbon dioxide emissions. The results obtained show a regression of vegetation due to anthropogenic activities, which are the main direct drivers of deforestation and degradation. The reforestation implemented in localities has contributed to improving the living conditions of populations, strengthening local dynamics and job creation. Of the two reforestation sites inventoried, the largest carbon stock (238.79 tC. ha-1) was recorded in the MINEPDED reforestation site compared to 17.42 tC. ha-1 in the REDD+ reforestation site. The total quantity of carbon sequestered by the two reforestation sites is estimated at 53,236.11 tonnes. The economic values of the CO2 equivalent of each reforestation site were estimated at 649,382,241.3 FCFA for the MINEPDED reforestation site, and 315,785,959.2 FCFA for the REDD+ pilot project. Reforestation therefore contributes enormously in the fight against climate change through its capacity to sequester carbon by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and will be able to fight against poverty through the sale of sequestered carbon in addition to the ecosystem services that the population will be able to benefit from it.
PEMPHIGUS HERPETIFORMIS TREATED EFFECTIVELY WITH DERMOCORTICOIDS ALONE
Authors:   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Bakalielkhalil El , Edgar Keby ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Hasna Kerrouch ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Ilias Anouar ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Tarik Hanafi ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Jawad El Azhari ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Mohamed Amraoui ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Youssef Zemmez ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Rachid Frikh ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat., Naoufal Hjira ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Pemphigus herpetiformis is a rare form of pemphigus. Case Report: A patient presented with a well-limited erythematous-squamous and crusty dermatosis with a ring-like arrangement, with vesiculo-bullous lesions with a herpetiform grouping of the trunk and 4 limbs. Histological and direct immunofluorescence findings were consistent with pemphigus. The diagnosis of pemphigus herpetiformis (PH) was made. The patient was treated with dermocorticoids with lasting remission. Discussion: Pemphigus herpetiformis is a particular form of pemphigus characterised by a clinical picture resembling that of dermatitis herpetiformis and an immunopathological appearance similar to that of pemphigus. It generally has a good prognosis. Treatment is based on dapsone and/or general corticosteroid therapy.