bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
63565 Awareness of Low Value Care Is Requisite for De-Implementation: Nurses’ Choosing Wisely ®Campaign
Authors: Stevens Kathleen R.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Points to strategies to de-implement ineffective, harmful, or unproven practices, lowering burden and cost of healthcare, using evidence-based recommendations on low value care. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Ineffective, harmful, or unproven practices add burden and cost of healthcare. In national efforts to de-implement low value care (LVC), Choosing Wisely ®campaign generated 25 recommendations through the American Academy of Nursing (CW AAN). Our study described nurse-awareness of CW AAN recommendations as requisite toward de-implementing LVC. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A multi-stakeholder state action coalition led the project to achieve the Institute of Medicine Future of Nursing goals by describing nurse awareness of CW AAN recommendations. The survey was the first among nursing professionals. Use of human subjects was approved at the lead university. Registered Nurse contact information was obtained from the state Board of Nursing of a large mid-South state. Qualtrics ®surveys patterned after the CW survey of physicians’ awareness were administered online by the state Center for Nursing Workforce Studies. Content experts developed 2 surveys’‘ one for Registered Nurses (RNs) and one for Advance Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs)’‘ to account for differences in scope of practice. Surveys assessed current knowledge and perception of the Choosing Wisely ®AAN campaign. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Over six weeks, 374 nurses participated (295 RNs and 79 APRNs). About half of each group indicated that unnecessary nursing care was a ‘somewhat serious problem.’ Only 21% of RNs and 26% of APRNs were aware of Choosing Wisely ®AAN recommendations. Participants identified reasons for the prevalence of low value care in practice as being concerns about malpractice issues, lack of time with patients for meaningful discussion, ‘just to be safe,’ and patients insisting on getting the test or procedure. For the RN group, cost of LVC was rarely discussed; in the APRN group, cost was frequently discussed. Of the APRNs who were aware of CW, 90% believe the recommendations were helpful. When asked for LVC de-implementation suggestions, 78% said EBP recommendations would be effective; at the same time, 20% had low knowledge of EBP. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: RNs and APRNs reported low awareness of CW AAN advice. While representative, sample size limits generalization. De-implementation in learning health systems will include socioecological strategies focused on provider awareness and confidence, patient preference, cost, strength of evidence, and safe work culture to diffuse fear of litigation.
48491 Development of Marketing Materials for the NJACTS Integrating Special Populations Core
Authors: Zhu Jessica , Herman Natalia L.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The development of marketing materials such as flyers and brochures will ultimately be used to promote integration of special populations who are traditionally underrepresented into research by informing and attracting scholars and investigators of available consultative and analytic services that are provided by the ISP Core staff. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The development of informative and memorable marketing materials is to increase awareness of the ISP Core and its service functions to help with the integration of special populations, as well as promoting scholar and investigator use of these services. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: After assessing how many CTSA hubs market their ISP services, a flyer and brochure were developed using Adobe InDesign to include information commonly found on CTSA hubs. Flyers and brochures were chosen because they make information physically available outside of a website and be sent to email listservs, making it possible to reach more scholars and investigators. The marketing materials will contain sections to explain the purpose of NJACTS and the ISP Core, list related special populations and available service functions, introduce the ISP Core leadership team, provide examples of past consulting work and contact information for investigators to request service consultations. Flyers will be emailed digitally to listservs and distributed physically along with printed tri-fold brochures to investigators. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The primary anticipated result from the development of marketing materials include an increased awareness and utilization of ISP Core services and an increased inclusion of special populations in research with NJACTS. The impact of these marketing materials maybe assessed by providing investigators with a short survey when ISP services are requested, which will ask how investigators learned about ISP and its services. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Through the work of creating physical marketing materials, the ISP Core will have a method to effectively distribute information about its services, ultimately promoting investigators at all stages to integrate special populations into their research.
89590 A multi-theoretical analysis of the design, implementation and outcomes of The Greater Rochester LARC Initiative to prevent unintended teen pregnancy
Authors: Aligne C. Andrew , VanScott Jessica L. , Yousefi-Nooraie Reza , Greenberg Katherine Blumoff , Phelps Rachael H.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study provides insights on how to replicate a successful initiative for preventing unintended teen pregnancy. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Reducing unintended teen pregnancy is a national health priority, and a recommended strategy is to increase awareness and availability of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). The Rochester LARC Initiative did this, and teen LARC use rose from 4% to 24%. The goal of this study is to determine key elements for replicating the intervention. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Our initiative used an innovative approach we call ‘community detailing’ to deliver education about LARC to adults working with teens. We analyzed the intervention goals, design components, implementation strategies, and public health outcomes. Our analysis was informed by the CDC model for Promoting Science-Based Approaches to Teen Pregnancy Prevention Using Getting to Outcomes (PSBA-GTO), Diffusion of Innovations, and RE-AIM framework for implementation outcomes. We compared our model with characteristics of LARC-promotion efforts, as well as successful health education campaigns. We tabulated the components of our intervention across theoretical domains, aiming to determine essential elements of effective design, adaptation, and dissemination & implementation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The initiative incorporated multiple components common to successful health education programs: measurable behavior-change outcomes; formative research before roll-out; tailored communications for different audiences; speakers who were credible, knowledgeable and skilled communicators; content that was new to recipients and essential for decreasing barriers to desired behaviors. It included elements of successful LARC promotion/teen pregnancy prevention programs, such as organizing information by effectiveness of methods and using youth-empowering messaging. It differed from other successful programs by offering discussions to adults who work with teens in both medical and community settings. This analysis also highlights unintended positive ripple effects. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: These results establish how community detailing is effective for disseminating actionable information about the safety, efficacy and availability of LARC. These insights could inform other prevention initiatives. An anticipated practical product of this study will be a user-friendly manual for replicating the LARC Initiative in other locations.
86185 Food Cost and Perceptions: through the lens of coaches providing family-based childhood obesity treatment
Authors: Ramel Melissa , Wilfley Denise , Tabak Rachel
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work will help to identify ways to adapt family-based obesity treatment based on families’ food purchasing behaviors and beliefs. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Families in obesity treatment are encouraged to make dietary changes. Dietary changes are impacted by food choices, which can be influenced by food cost. The objective of this research is to explore families’ food purchase behaviors and beliefs from the perspective of their health coach, and to assess how health coaches adapt treatment to address these. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Semi- structured telephone interviews were conducted with 10 health coaches in the Effectiveness of Family-Based Weight Loss Treatment Implementation in Primary Care (PLAN) study across four geographic locations in MO, NY, and OH. Topics covered were professional background, perspectives on working with families, and discussions with families regarding cost perception and food choice. Conventional content analysis was used through ‘open-coding’ of transcribed text by reading the transcripts and assigning labels. Codes were then organized into themes. In addition to the interviews, coaches were asked to complete a FRAME checklist to identify adaptations or modifications that were made to the treatment. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The coaches reported that cost is a barrier to making healthier food choices for some but not all of their FBT families. Themes for cost as a barrier include: fast food is cheaper; justification to choose old food choices; sales on foods high in calories and sugar; bulk buying; and fewer sales on healthier options. Themes for what families consider when purchasing healthier items include: perishable foods, increased waste, picky kids, lack of knowledge about healthy eating on a budget, afraid of including new foods, and no money for new foods. The final stage of content analysis for the FRAME schematic checklist is ongoing. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The results exemplify that families’ have different food purchasing behaviors and beliefs and consider a variety of factors when making food choices. The data gathered from the FRAME checklists will help in characterizing the adaptations or modifications made by coaches and allow for better understanding of the impact on the families.
27363 Forging Collaboration and the Scalable Dissemination of Biomedical Research Commercialization Education
Authors: Cook Samantha , Koehler Stefan , Ramaswamy Janani , Wolff Kristen , Larkin Michelle , Wright Jeanne , Moore Mona Bruch , Servoss Jon
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: A robust and collaborative network of expertise and services is essential for successful research commercialization, including timely and scalable educational support for CTSA institutions and individual faculty investigators with biomedical innovations. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Leverage expertise at the University of Michigan (UM) by creating collaborative and scalable interactive online courses to instruct and prepare internal and external faculty to navigate critical stages of life science academic research commercialization. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: UM’s Fast Forward Medical Innovation created two online courses with the UM Office of Technology Transfer and the Michigan Institute for Clinical & Health Research (MICHR). Collaborative planning committees, with content and educational experts, set course goals and learning objectives based on audience needs (e.g. preparation for consultations, commercialization concepts, etc.). Draft content was developed, peer reviewed, and revised before Articulate Storyline was used to convert didactic content to active learning content (e.g. interactive slides, scenarios, quizzes, and forms). Pilot testing was conducted prior to the launch to faculty investigators throughout the UM network. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Intellectual Property in the Academic Setting launched via the FFMI website and newsletter in July 2020 and has had 66 learners to date. Medical Device Regulations launched in October 2020 and has 22 learners. OTT and MICHR have successfully integrated the courses into their consultation process by requesting review from faculty investigators. We suspect that this will lead to more in-depth and meaningful conversation. Additionally, these courses have been integrated into an FFMI commercialization course to instruct on critical concepts. Evaluation and refinement for both use cases will ensue, as well as inform future collaborative courses. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Early results suggest that the courses are advantageous and can serve as a model for future collaborations. The opportunity to disseminate the courses across the CTSA network, as well as collaborate with other institutions, to scale localized expertise to a broader network is promising.
58993 The Efficacy of Converting an In-person Commercialization Education Course to a Virtual and Flipped Experience
Authors: Cook Samantha , Cuddihy Meghan , Risch Sara , Larkin Michelle , Martin Bradley , Servoss Jonathan
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The successful conversion of an in-person biomedical research commercialization education course to a fully virtual and flipped experience (self-paced) allows greater participation from faculty investigators at CTSA institutions and serves as a model for similar educational programs intended to accelerate the translation of biomedical innovations to products of impact. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Due to COVID-19, University of Michigan’s Fast Forward Medical Innovation developed new educational resources and leveraged virtual learning tools to convert a successful in-person research commercialization course to a fully virtual, flipped format and evaluated the effectiveness of the converted course compared to the in-person equivalent. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Two novel interactive modules (intellectual property and FDA regulation) and five instructional videos (customer discovery, value proposition, opportunity sizing, target product profile, and patent searches) were developed while Constant Contact and Zoom were used for a weekly progression of content delivery and to flip the course: (1) forming/testing value propositions, (2) intellectual property, (3) regulatory, (4) medical reimbursement, (5) business case development. A total of 32 faculty and graduate students completed the virtual, flipped course and submitted a post-course evaluation. Results of the converted course were compared to evaluation results from the in-person course. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Open rates for the weekly email content were: (1)61%, (2)67%, (3)65%, (4)67%, and (5)59 %. Total views for the modules and videos were: IP-28, regulation-19, customer discovery-62, value proposition-21, opportunity sizing-66, target product profile-11, and patent searches-29. Evaluation results from the virtual course (n=22) were compared to mean results from the 5 previous in-person courses (n=42); 86% of virtual course respondents stated the course met the objectives compared to 85% of in-person respondents; 87% of virtual respondents stated the course met their expectations compared to 100% of in-person; 87% of virtual respondents said they would participate in a follow-up program compared to 94% in-person; 91% of virtual respondents would recommend the course to others compared to 97% of in-person. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Email open rates and content views suggest positive flipped participation. Overall, the converted course was comparable to the in-person course at meeting objectives, suggesting the virtual format is effective at delivering the course content and holds the potential for engaging a broader audience.
74957 Utilizing 3D Printing to Assist Planning of Percutaneous/Endovascular Procedures in Interventional Radiology
Authors: Richards Lucas , Dalla Shiv , Walter Carissa , Rohr Aaron
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: We plan to measure the impact of integrating 3D printed models in the planning process of endovascular procedures with the goal of making a case for using this resource more often. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To measure the impact of using 3D printed models of patient specific anatomy for pre-procedure planning and as an intra-procedure reference. Impact will be measured by: a. Radiation exposure ; b. Contrast dosage; c. Fluoroscopy time; d. Time to procedural completion; e. ‘Attempts at access,’ when applicable to the procedure METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Retrospective data will be collected on every patient that received one of prostate artery embolism, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement, or endovascular stent repair in the 3 years prior to the first prospective case. An attempt will be made to create a procedure planning model for every patient that receives one of the three procedures of interest in the 5 months following the first prospective case and those that have a model included in their procedure planning process will be included as part of the experimental group. We anticipate this to not include every patient as there will need to be adequate time between the scheduling of the procedure and the procedure start time to be able to create a 3D model. This will make it impossible to include every patient. Our first prospective case was 11/12/20. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: At the time of submission we have very limited data and cannot confidently make a statement regarding results. We anticipate to measure a reduced time to procedural completion, and as a result, decreased radiation exposure, decreased contrast dosage, and decreased fluoroscopy time in the cases that included a 3D printed model in the planning of the procedures when compared to the procedures that did not include a model. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Few hospitals are using 3D printing as a regular tool that physicians can access as a part of their procedure preparation. If we are able to measure a significant impact on the efficiency and safety of procedures in interventional radiology, a much more robust argument can be made for including this technique in procedure planning with regularity.
78696 A Qualitative Cross-Sectional Study of Leadership in a Pandemic: What do Students Value?
Authors: Bernard Alec , Contreras-Ortiz Sarah , Jones Elizabeth , Heung Michael , Guetterman Timothy C. , Kirst Nell
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This real-world study of what students value in crisis leadership fills an important gap in the literature and may inform future leadership development programs in undergraduate medical education. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Leadership training is of growing importance and prevalence in medical education. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique insight into the qualities students value in leaders. Our qualitative study examined these leadership themes and provides a grounding for future development of leadership programs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A conventional qualitative approach was used in order to allow open expression of ideas related to leadership in a pandemic. The authors developed a 5 free-text question survey instrument aimed to uncover student perceptions of leadership both during the current pandemic and in crises in general. A participant pilot was performed in order to ensure readability and ease of understanding. We used thematic analysis to examine the content of the survey responses, and inductive coding of the responses allowed identification of emerging themes. Medical students at the University of Michigan were surveyed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 162 students completed the survey. The demographic characteristics of participants are shown in Table 1. Median age was 25 years old (range, 22-39). There was good representation from the 4 classes in the medical school with 20-30% from each medical school class and 5% of dual degree students. Thematic analysis demonstrated that students value personal characteristics of excellence in their leaders with an orientation towards helping other people. Students believe that leaders must know how to interpret and use information and then that these leaders must be able to communicate expertly to guide organizations. The final theme that emerged is that effective leaders must commit to decisive action. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study took place at a time of unprecedented crises and response examples were grounded in this real-world practice of leadership. These results and themes that emerged fill a critical gap and may facilitate future curriculum development for medical students and trainees.
11509 Data visualization of scholarly productivity data to evaluate the KL2 training programs
Authors: Patel Tanha , Boateng Beatrice
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work will help assess the effectiveness of the mentored career development programs. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: There is increased attention on assessing the impact of the CTSA in building a research workforce through mentored career development programs. We propose using data visualization to assess and communicate the impact of the programs on the scholars career development. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Evaluators from two CTSAs collaborated to visualize the KL2 data such as demographics, scholarly productivity (publications, grants, intellectual property), and time to promotion that is already tracked through REDCap at their institutions. Excel, Tableau, and Microsoft PowerBi were then used to generate trends in scholarly productivity over time. The goal was to compare how different tools can be used to visualize bibliometric data, based on what is available at the respective institutions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Longitudinal visual summary reports were produced for the entire program as well individual scholar progress. These reports can be used to identify trends such as how long after program completion do participants achieve their next milestone, what type of milestones are achieved, when in their career is their scholarly productivity the highest, etc. Answers to these questions could tell a story of the effectiveness of a mentored development program in the participants’ career. It can also highlight gaps and areas of opportunities that the program must address, either by adapting their curriculum or clarifying their intended outcomes. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Data visualization provides better understanding of the impact of the training programs on the scholars career development. Such insights are otherwise missing when evaluations are only focused on the percentage of scholars who were still engaged in research after completion of the program.
37889 Taking a pragmatic approach to evaluate Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute’s Programs using two models.
Authors: Das Rosalina , Diaz Jessica , Dominguez Sheela , Issenberg Barry
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Practical evaluation approaches using case studies and success stories present a chain of evidence to demonstrate to stakeholders that resources are being used as required and producing desired results and effectively document the impact of clinical and translational research. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This project describes the overall evaluation plan of the Miami CTSI by combining the Translational Sciences Benefits Model (TSBM) and the Kirkpatrick Model to evaluate scientific outcomes and impact of CTSI-supported research, and education and training programs developed by the CTSI. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Using case studies, the TSBM framework will be applied to CTSI-supported projects to evaluate scientific outcomes and impact on domains that include: clinical and medical; community and public health; economic; legislative and policy. We will apply the framework to projects that have received funding through CTSI’s Pilot and Translational Studies and Mentored Translational Scholars KL2 Programs, and that have at least one publication. Application of the Kirkpatrick model will be demonstrated by using the four levels of evaluation - reaction, learning, behavior, and results - to assess training outcomes and impact of the KL2 and the I-Corps Programs. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: About 20 pilot projects and 8 KL2 research projects will be assessed using the TSBM framework. We anticipate that all projects will show potential or demonstrated benefits in at least two of the four domains of the model. KL2 Program evaluation was conducted by collecting data on all the four levels of the Kirkpatrick model. Reaction and learning were assessed through feedback from KL2 scholars. Behavior was assessed using semi-annual updates on research and training progress of the scholars and the program. Results were measured using indicators such as program graduates that continue to engage in clinical and translational research and their transition to research independence. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Our evaluation approach using the two models is well aligned with overall CTSI aims and its three focus areas - infrastructure, education and culturalization/community engagement and will allow us to conduct a comprehensive yet practical evaluation of Miami CTSI programs.
25309 Applying Community Health Priorities to the Translational Research Agenda
Authors: Fede Jacquelyn , Kogut Stephen , Hayward Anthony , Stevenson John F. , Nunn Amy , Plaut Julie , Kimberly Judy A.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work has begun to provide the foundation for better ensuring that translational research funded and supported by our IDeA-CTR grant is more directly addressing community- and stakeholder-authored health priorities. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In order to effectively engage diverse, societal perspectives, we aimed to determine the relevance and feasibility of purposefully aligning translational research with health priorities adopted by the RI Department of Health, health-focused organizations, and community leaders. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Individuals from 27 community organizations in RI were asked, ‘What are your health related goals for your community’ and submitted responses online for 2 weeks. Participants generated 71 goals which they sorted into meaningful clusters and rated for importance and feasibility. Clusters were contrasted with RI health priorities to gauge alignment and saturation. In the next phase of this project, researchers and service users funded by Advance-CTR will be asked in routinely administered surveys how their current work may align with RI health goals and whether their future work can feasibly be connected to those priorities. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Using Group Concept Mapping software, the 71 health goals identified by community organization representatives were fit into an 8-cluster model. Results suggested highest importance placed on Accessible & Healthy Housing (M=4.12, SD=0.29), Community (M=4.08, SD=0.28), Youth (M=4.04, SD=0.49) and Mental Health (M=4.03, SD=0.46). State agency priorities were found to overlap substantially with clusters defined by community leaders. We expect researchers will rate clusters differently, and find some community-endorsed health goals more relevant to their work than others. Perceived feasibility of tailoring future research to state health goals is expected to vary widely by item and researcher. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: We intend to: 1) facilitate discussions about successes and challenges of translating community-authored priorities into research, and 2) foster better understanding between researchers and the communities they aim to serve on the role of CTR for addressing health challenges in the state.
66958 Team science training in an engineering design program improves psychological safety and self-efficacy within interdisciplinary teams
Authors: Blakeney Erin , Kang Soyoung , Summerside Nicole , Liu Jonathan , Siebel Eric , Zierler Brenda , Posner Jonathan
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This project successfully implemented a promising team science model by introducing and facilitating best practices to develop high functioning teams working to accelerate health innovations from bench to bedside. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The goal of this project was to improve the team science knowledge, skills, and attitudes of interdisciplinary engineering students (undergraduate and graduate) who were partnered with health professionals to develop technical solutions to translational health challenges during a year-long Engineering Innovation in Health (EIH) program. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We adapted, implemented, and evaluated team science training content and approaches in the EIH program at the University of Washington (UW). EIH faculty and the UW Institute of Translational Health Sciences’ (ITHS) Team Science Core co-developed and delivered highly interactive team science training modules and evaluated their impact with biannual surveys. A student cohort was surveyed prior to the implementation of the team science trainings, which served as a baseline. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize student demographics and survey responses within and between years. Median and interquartile range of responses to Likert-type questions were calculated, and Mann-Whitney U Tests (independent samples Wilcoxin Rank Sum Tests) were used to test for differences within and between years. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: During both the baseline and the team training year, student demographics were similar in terms of gender and past experience working in teams. Team training during the first year of implementation was well-received. Post-implementation surveys of students demonstrated measurable improvement in team dynamics, communication, and effectiveness; including, students reporting higher levels of psychological safety and self-efficacy within their teams. Comparisons within the team training year and between the baseline and team training years identified numerous instances in which differences were statistically significant. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Tailored team science training in an interdisciplinary EIH program was successful at improving psychological safety and self-efficacy among undergraduate and graduate students and offers a promising model for similar settings and audiences.
72957 Rethinking reconstructive strategies for complex cranial defects: A 10 year review of cranioplasty outcomes
Authors: Soto Edgar , Boyd Carter J , Restrepo Ryan , Ananthasekar Shivani , Myers Rene P.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Up to 33% of patients of patients who undergo reconstruction have hostile defects with coexisting soft tissue and osseous defects due to prior radiation, prior failed cranioplasty or concurrent infections we seek to identify optimal strategies for these patients based on the experience of a southeastern tertiary referral center. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Scalp and calvarial defects in patients may result from a number of etiologies including trauma, burns, tumor resections, infections, osteoradionecrosis, or congenital lesions. Our objective was to retrospectively evaluate the use of alloplastic reconstruction alongside autologous reconstruction for high risk cranial defects. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: An IRB approved retrospective review of patients who underwent cranioplasty of a hostile site at a Southeastern tertiary referal center between January 2008 and December 2018 was performed. The patients were stratified into three groups based on the type of implant used: autogenous (bone), alloplastic (PEEK, Titanium, PMMA), or mixed (combination of both types of graft). The primary outcome metric was a complication in the year following cranioplasty, identified by flap or bone graft failure, necrosis, or infection. Statistical analysis included t-tests and chi-square tests where appropriate using SPSS. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There were 43 total cases in this time period; 15 autogenous, 23 alloplastic, and 5 mixed. The purely autogenous group had the highest complication rate (85%) and the alloplastic group had the lowest complication rate (38%). When stratified by specific material used for reconstruction (15 bone, 14 PEEK, 10 titanium, and 5 PMMA), overall complication rate was statistically significant (p=0.009; chi square test) with PEEK implants having the lowest complication rate (21%). The analysis documented an overall complication rate that was statistically different between the three groups (p=0.012). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This analysis interestingly found that in the setting of hostile cranial defects, cranioplasties would benefit from the use of prosthetic implants instead of autologous bone grafts, not only for avoidance of donor site morbidity but also for decrease in overall complications.
35058 A Mixed Method Study: Can Lyft Facilitate Better Access to Healthy Food?
Authors: Grover Raneitra , Hayman Lenwood
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Interventions designed to improve access to healthy food are needed as a mechanism to improve diet quality and ultimately prevent diet-related chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: For people living in food deserts, access to grocery stores is an important consideration toward improving diet quality. The Grocery Access Program (GAP) provided discounted Lyft rides to grocery stores for residents in Baltimore, MD. This study will assess how the GAP impacted access to different food retail stores and healthy food purchases. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A mixed methods sequential explanatory design will be used. We collected survey data at baseline and mid-pilot on primary grocery shopping store, frequency of purchasing fruits and vegetables, and frequency of using the discounted Lyft rides for 90 program enrollees. The Healthy Food Availability Index (HFAI), a validated, observation-based instrument, will be used to measure healthy food availability at participants’ primary grocery shopping stores; HFAI scores range from 0-27. We will also compare frequency of self-reported fruit and vegetable purchases before and after GAP participation. Quantitative data analysis using paired sample t-tests and chi square tests will be followed by in-depth interviews with GAP participants; thematic analysis will be used to analyze qualitative data. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: This research is in progress; survey data collection is complete and store-level HFAI data collection will begin soon. We hypothesize that GAP participants will have shopped at stores with higher HFAI scores than non-participants, and that participants will have purchased healthy foods more frequently than they did prior to GAP participation. If these hypotheses are not supported, our qualitative findings will elucidate potential reasons and mechanisms for improving the program. If our hypotheses are supported, it will provide evidence for the GAP as a convenient, low-cost intervention to improve healthy food access for people in low-income communities. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Access to healthy foods is an important social determinant of health, and innovative strategies that can facilitate better dietary habits are needed in the area of food access research. Findings from this study could be used to scale up efforts that will foster better food access, healthier diets, and ultimately better health outcomes.
33149 Interventions and Education: What We Learned from the 'All Eyes on Us' Study
Authors: Kennedy Sara , Gonzalez Sarah Koopman , Richards Leslie , Croniger Bridget , Blackshire Gabrielle , Trapl Erika , Cooke Bailey Jessica
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study identifies potential areas for community and clinical interventions to improve eye and vision health. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The ‘All Eyes on Us’ study sought to understand perceptions of and barriers to eye and vision care, of residents over the age of 40 in the Broadway/Slavic Village neighborhood in Cleveland, Ohio. The goal of this study was to identify potential areas for community and clinical interventions to improve eye health. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Residents of the Broadway/Slavic Village neighborhood, an ethnically diverse, low socioeconomic status, neighborhood in Cleveland, Ohio were recruited from, and with the assistance of, University Settlement, a nonprofit that has been providing services to the neighborhood since 1926. The project’s Community Advisory Board assisted with the development of a semi-structured interview guide over the course of three meetings. Sixty interviews were completed, 30 with self-identified European Americans and 30 with self-identified African-Americans, all over the age of 40. Two research team members coded the interview transcripts and a thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Participants identified barriers to obtaining eye and vision care for themselves as well as perceived barriers for others, including transportation, cost, insurance status, clinic locations, lack of education around eye and vision care, fear, forgetfulness, and priority management. To encourage people to go to the eye doctor more often, participants mentioned strategies related to access issues including lowering the cost of exams, operating on a sliding scale, improving insurance coverage, transportation services, and having mobile units that deployed to specific neighborhoods or senior centers. Additionally, participants suggested education and increasing awareness about the importance of eye and vision care. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Participants in this study identified that accessibility to and awareness about eye health and eye care is an issue. Interventions to address both access issues such as location, cost, and insurance as well as those that increase education could increase engagement with eye and vision care.
25012 Expanding Community Knowledge and Relationships for Congregation-Neighbor Health Connections and Advocacy in Indianapolis through a #HealthyMe Learning Community
Authors: Craig David , Gladden Shonda , Christenson Jacob , Lynch Dustin , Campbell Meredith , Hardwick Emily , Wiehe Sarah
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Congregations’ support for social, emotional, mental and spiritual wellness is foundational to human health and their community knowledge and presence can improve resilience and health in socially vulnerable neighborhoods. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The Indiana CTSI Monon Collaborative is listening and understanding the most pressing health issues in the community and are working together to design and deliver community health solutions. We worked with our community ambassador to launch a health and wellness learning community for ten congregations seeking to build a health-connector network. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study team used qualitative (interviews, focus groups, listening sessions, learning management system, participatory-design research) and quantitative (surveys) data collection methods in the development and ongoing implementation of the learning community. Study Population: Based on initial assessment of health and social vulnerability data within the Marion County neighborhoods in Indianapolis, community ambassador engaged congregations in more vulnerable neighborhoods to seek participation in learning community. Ten congregations signed a covenant of participation; learning community includes 10 clergy and 8 health advocates. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Since the inception of the Learning Community in May 2020, we have developed a better understanding of the assets and barriers of LC participants around health and well-being. Through ongoing virtual gatherings (facilitated by community ambassador Good to the Soul), sharing of resources through our online modules on Canvas (LMS), and synthesis of data captured throughout our time together, LC participants have developed SMART goals which will inform priority setting for congregations to assist them in identifying the resources and connections necessary to drive forward solutions together as they seek out funding opportunities to support health improvement. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The learning community has provided a space and structure for congregations to align around a shared goal focused on health and wellness. Through regular gatherings we were able to connect people, organizations, and systems who were all eager to learn and work across boundaries leading to greater resilience in vulnerable communities.
46213 Florida Community-Engaged Research Alliance Against COVID-19 in Disproportionately Affected Communities (FL-CEAL): addressing education, awareness, access, and inclusion of underserved communities in COVID-19 research
Authors: Carrasquillo Olveen , Kobetz-Kerman Erin , Behar-Zusman Victoria , Dominguez Sheela , DeLa Rosa Mario , Bastida Elena , Wagner Eric , Campa Adrianna , Odedina Folakemi , Shenkman Elizabeth , Harris Cynthia , Chung-Bridges Katherine , Long Timothy
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Understanding the needs and barriers or facilitators to participation in research, especially among minority communities is critical not only for COVID-19 research but also for future clinical and translational research and health disparities studies. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The overall goal of this project is to enhance education, awareness, access, and inclusion of underserved communities across Florida in COVID-19 research, especially among Black and Hispanic minority groups that are disproportionately affected by COVID-19. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Through strategic partnership among five academic institutions and community-based organizations across the state of Florida, the FL-CEAL team will implement focus groups and surveys in minority communities in Florida to gauge the awareness and understanding of COVID-19, and the barriers and facilitators for participation in COVID-19 research studies. These communities include but are not limited to Latinx and Black populations in South and Central Florida, and Black communities in North Florida. The outcomes will help shape strategies for outreach and dissemination activities and minority recruitment plans to promote participation of minorities into vaccine and therapeutic trials. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: An estimated 75-125 participants will be recruited for focus groups. Four focus groups with minority communities have been conducted and the results are being analyzed. A common Community-Based Needs Assessment survey is being finalized and will be deployed across the 11 states that are part of the national CEAL consortium. Community Health Workers are being engaged to support outreach and dissemination to educate targeted communities on COVID-19 research and the importance of participation in COVID trials. To date, 243 CHWs and 880 community members have been engaged. Minority participation in COVID-19 vaccine trials at University of Miami has been higher than the national average. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The FL-CEAL Alliance has successfully demonstrated a coordinated effort to engage minority communities affected by COVID. Through strategic geographic partnerships, FL-CEAL will positively impact minority communities throughout the state that has one of the most diverse populations in the nation.
84084 Team Science to maximize rapid collection and analyses of biosamples from patients with Covid-19
Authors: Moe Sharon M , Patz Brooke , Liu Yunlong , Orschell Christie , Yu Andy , Denne Scott , Embi Peter , Foroud Tatiana
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Indiana CTSI Team Science to maximize rapid collection, analyses and dissemination of biosamples collected from patients with Covid-19 to provide preliminary data for grant applications on the pathogenesis and outcomes of patients with Covid-19. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: When Covid-19 hit Indiana in April, there was an immediate need to respond rapidly to coordinate research across our healthcare systems. The CTSI became a point of contact for coordinating research endeavors including activation of clinical trials and use of precious samples from patients with Covid-19 to maximize preliminary data for grants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Indiana CTSI coordinated collection of biospecimens at multiple hospitals using in person and remote consenting via telephone or on a smartphone utilizing a QR code. We also retrieved existing samples from the Indiana Biobank previously collected for future research and from subject positive for Covid-19 by search of the linked electronic health record (EHR). A total of 224 subject samples (7 children, 36 previously collected, and 6 with both acute and recovered specimens) were obtained over a four month period. Our CTSI cores ran varied analyses collated to a single database, linked to the EMR for use as preliminary data for grant applications to avoid redundancy of measures on limited samples. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The 224 subject samples were used for whole exome DNA sequencing, RNA seq, analyses of 48 plasma cytokine/chemokines by multiplex analyses, and PBMC isolated for culture and assessment of secreted cytokines. The clinical data were linked and included demographics, hospitalization length of stay and need for mechanical ventilation, max and min oxygen levels, liver function tests, IL-6, D-dimer, CRP, LDH, and ferritin, need for dialysis, and echocardiography. Additional clinical data were available upon request. A survey was sent to our CTSI email to query for potential interest in the data with 87 inquiries, and to date 46 investigators have requested data and/or additional samples. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: During the first surge of Covid-19, the CTSI coordinated analyses for the dissemination of results for use by CTSI investigators to minimize duplication of assays and increase availability. The collaboration of research coordinators, biobank, research cores, and informatics demonstrates the power and agility of team science in the Indiana CTSI.
77680 Nasal Nitric Oxide Levels as a Diagnostic Tool for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Puerto Rico
Authors: De Jesus Rojas Wilfredo , Morou-Bermudez Evangelia , Wojna Valerie , Carlo Simon , Mosquera Ricardo
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The implementation of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) as a diagnostic tool to understand the phenotypic/genotypic profiles of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) in Puerto Rico (PR) will be translated in early disease diagnosis, avoidance of comorbidities, and increase survival in our population. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This study aims to evaluate the role of nNO levels in PCD diagnosis in the Puerto Rican population. Also, we aim to describe the clinical, genetic, and physiological characteristics of PCD in Puerto Ricans to develop a better understanding of the disease. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We plan to conduct a cross-sectional study on participants recruited from patients of the Pediatric Rare Lung and Asthma Institute in PR. We will compare nNO levels among genetically confirmed PCD patients, suspected PCD patients with variant of unknown significance (VUS) mutations, suspected PCD patients without genetic mutations, and age-matched healthy subjects. We plan to analyze clinical data and genetic variants to understand the natural history of the disease. The nNO measurements will be completed following previous published protocols. We will also assess the accuracy of the nNO measurements by repeating the measurements two weeks after the initial measurement. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that many of the VUS present in our population may represent potential new founder mutations not previously reported in the literature. Our expectation is to identify new atypical PCD phenotypes contemplating the heterogenous genetic Puerto Rican pool. We anticipate that nNO levels will help to screen, identify, and confirm diagnosis of patients with clinical PCD in PR. Our findings will be translated in avoidance of further comorbidities and mortality due to earlier disease PCD diagnosis and will expand our genetic understanding about PCD in PR and other diverse populations with heterogenous genetic admixture. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: We present a significant and novel research proposal that plan to impact the quality of life of patients living with PCD in PR. The implementation of state-of-the-art diagnostic tools like nNO measurement will positively impact and expand our current capabilities to diagnose rare lung diseases like PCD on the island.