bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religiosity in the Coping Mechanisms of Bullied Students: A Case Report
Authors: Nabila Nabila , Yandri Hengki
Published: December 2024

The problem of bullying in the school environment is becoming an increasingly worrying issue. Victims of bullying often experience significant psychological impacts, including decreased self-esteem, anxiety and depression which impact their religiosity. This research aims to describe in depth the condition of religiosity of students who are victims of bullying in overcoming the psychological impacts caused by bullying. Through a case report approach, this research describes the experience of a student with the initials SM who was a victim of bullying and how he used his religious beliefs to deal with this situation through semi-structured interviews, data collected using thematic analysis. The research results show that religiosity can be a source of strength, hope and meaning for victims of bullying. These findings provide important implications for educators, counselors, and parents in developing more holistic interventions to help victims of bullying.
Analisis Kebutuhan Intervensi Konseling Karir melalui Psikodiagnostik Individu
Authors: Lestari Yulian Sri
Published: December 2024

This research is an experimental research with an emphasis on career counseling intervention through Individual Psychodiagnostics. The experimental research took place at the Islamic University of Indonesia, with samples of students. The purpose of the research was to see the personal aspects of the subjects. Data collection was carried out using several methods, including psychological test, Observation, and interviews. The results of the study showed that the subjects had met several competency standards such as analysis, achievement motivation, control and concern for order. Although there are still some abilities that need to be improved such as self-control, cooperation and building relationships.
Ultrasound-Guided Veress Needle Insertion in Laparoscopic Surgery: Safety and Efficacy Evaluation
Authors: Bucak Mevlüt , İscan Serhan , Erdemoğlu Evrim
Published: December 2024

Aim: In laparoscopic surgery, abdominal access is one of the most critical steps with significant risk of complications, especially in high-risk patient groups. The Veress needle is a widely used technique for this access; however, serious complications can occur during its blind insertion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided Veress needle placement.
Materials and Methods: This randomized prospective study was conducted at Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine. The 100 study participants were randomly assigned to receive ultrasound-guided or blinded Veress needle insertion. In both groups, insertion attempts, time, and complications were assessed. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: In 88% of the ultrasound-guided accesses, success was achieved on the first attempt, while this rate was 82% with the conventional method (p=0.28, not statistically significant). Total access time was shorter with ultrasound guidance with 92.6 ± 14.2 seconds compared to 100.4 ± 15.3 seconds with the conventional method (p=0.05). No major complications were observed in either group; there was no statistical difference in complications.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that ultrasound-guided Veress needle insertion is a potential alternative to the traditional blind method and improves access time and success rates. However, the results cannot be generalized with certainty as there was no statistically significant difference in the study. A larger sample size and multicenter studies are needed to confirm the findings.
A szakértői elfogultság a büntetőügyekben - I. rész
Authors: Lontai Márton , Pamzsav Horolma , Petrétei Dávid
Published: December 2024

Aim: In the two-part study, the article from Science about Itiel Dror’s work is summarized, and then in this first part, his studies related to friction ridges are examined in detail, compared to other scientific papers. The most famous false positive identification in the fingerprint field is also covered, and the authors’ experiment is presented.
Methodology: After summarizing the first half of the Science article, the study synthesizes of numerous international papers and some relevant Hungarian articles. The Mayfield case is presented using the lesser-known civil court decision, in addition to the widely studied US government reports. The experiences of the authors’ empirical experiment are summarized at the end of the study.
Findings: The cognitive bias of forensic experts can have a serious impact on the judiciary, yet detailed research on the topic only began after the infamous mistaken identifications around the turn of the millennium. Itiel Dror’s role in this is pioneering and undoubted, although this paper clarifies some of his statements, and discusses them in agreement with other authors. In the infamous Mayfield case, comparing the less well-known documents of the trial initiated by the unlawfully detained lawyer, with the government reports that have been extensively analysed, this paper suggests that the case was not about the cognitive bias of the experts, but rather an attempt to hold a classic conceptual (pre-determined) trial. The authors’ empirical experiment, in agreement with the experiment conducted by the IAI, in contrast to Dror's results, did not support the substantial effect of contextual bias on fingerprint comparison.
Value: The study provides a comprehensive picture of the problem of expert bias through the work of Itiel Dror, and also offers useful solutions to mitigate it.
Gyász- és veszteségfeldolgozás a rendvédelmi szervek kötelékében
Authors: Zelena András
Published: December 2024

In addition to family members and colleagues, community grief also appears in domestic society during the anti-life crimes committed against members of the police. During the grief processing of colleagues, the social taboo and stigmatization of death can be detected, as well as the presence of general coping mechanisms associated with grief. In this study summarizing today’s professional and scientific theoretical theses and practical experiences, The author attempt to summarize: how and according to what practices it is possible to help colleagues. The author will explain how domestic practice creates opportunities for this, what is the currently available structure of assistance opportunities.
Aim: The goal of this presentation is to discuss the mental support spectrum available to professionals working within law enforcement organizations, as well as introduce professional guidelines and best practices.
Methodology: The study utilizes a descriptive methodology to outline the organizational framework for grief processing, the professional framework for individual assistance, and compares practical work best practices with local possibilities.
Findings: It was found that members of armed forces often experience loss and may apply their professional traumas to their own lives when faced with the violent death of their comrades. As a result, it is crucial to not only focus on grief processing, but also prioritize burnout prevention.
Value: The recommendations made for workplace leaders are particularly important, as professionals within the organization must be aware of the incubation process and pay attention to the phenomenon of prevention.
Plus Size: A Memoir of Pop Culture, Fatphobia, and Social Change, de Mekdela
Authors: Energici María Alejandra
Published: December 2024

Reseña de María Alejandra Enerigici del libro Plus Size: A Memoir of Pop Culture, Fatphobia, and Social Change, de Mekdela, Pennsauken Township, NJ: BookBaby, 2021.
Systemic risk and contagion in the commodity market: identifying volatility transmission during crisis periods
Authors: Szturo Marek , Włodarczyk Bogdan , Ionescu George H. , Firoiu Daniela , Braga Vitor
Published: December 2024

The commodity market is a key element of the global economy. It is influenced by the political and economic situation of the major participants on the supply and demand side, as exemplified by the geopolitical and economic situation related to the conflict in Ukraine. Another aspect of this influence is the close relationship between commodity markets and financial markets. Both factors contribute to the possibility of the commodity market becoming subject to contagion, resulting in the transfer of supply and demand shocks and volatility. The aim of this article is to identify the commodities that are the source of contagion (volatility) during the transmission of shocks and the increase of systematic risk in selected periods. Combining traditional network theory with vector autoregression (VAR) model, we aim to estimate systemic linkages as a measure of systemic risk and the contagion process underlying it. We used time series of commodity returns from the Refinitiv Eikon database to observe the relationships between commodities during crisis periods, starting from 2006. The results suggest that the commodities with the largest increase in volatility transmission compared to the pre-crisis period acted as a transmission gate for market shocks.
Deep Learning–based Measurement of Planetary Radial Velocities in the Presence of Stellar Variability
Authors: Colwell Ian , Timmaraju Virisha , Venkataram Hamsa Shwetha , Wise Alexander
Published: December 2024

We present a deep learning–based approach for measuring small planetary radial velocities (RVs) in the presence of stellar variability. We use neural networks to reduce stellar RV jitter in 3 years of HARPS-N Sun-as-a-star spectra. We develop and compare dimensionality-reduction and data-splitting methods, as well as various neural network architectures including single-line convolutional neural networks (CNNs), an ensemble of single-line CNNs, and a multiline CNN. We inject planet-like RVs into the spectra and use the network to recover them. We find that the multiline CNN approach is able to recover 50 day period planets with 0.2 m s−1 semiamplitude, with 8.8% error in the amplitude, compared to 80% error in the amplitude using a traditional cross-correlation function approach. This approach shows promise for mitigating stellar RV variability and enabling the detection of small planetary RVs with unprecedented precision.
The Radio Spectra of High-luminosity Compact Symmetric Objects: Implications for Studies of Compact Jetted Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: de la Parra P. V. , Readhead A. C. S , Herbig T. , Kiehlmann S. , Lister M. L. , Pavlidou V. , Reeves R. A. , Siemiginowska A. , Sullivan A. G. , Surti T. , Synani A. , Tassis K. , Taylor G. B. , Wilkinson P. N. , Aller M. F. , Blandford R. D. , Globus N. , Lawrence C. R. , Molina B. , O’Neill S. , Pearson T. J.
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses, for the first time, a key aspect of the phenomenology of compact symmetric objects (CSOs): the characteristics of their radio spectra. We present a radio-spectrum description of a complete sample of high-luminosity CSOs (CSO-2s), which shows that they exhibit the complete range of spectral types, including flat-spectrum sources (α ≥ −0.5), steep-spectrum sources (α < −0.5), and peaked-spectrum sources. We show that there is no clear correlation between spectral type and size, but there is a correlation between the high-frequency spectral index and both object type and size. We also show that, to avoid biasing the data and to understand the various classes of active galactic nuclei (AGN) involved, the complete range of spectral types should be included in studying the general phenomenology of compact jetted AGN, and that complete samples must be used, selected over a wide range of frequencies. We discuss examples that demonstrate these points. We find that the high-frequency spectral indices of CSO-2s span −1.3 < α
hi < −0.3 and hence that radio spectral signatures cannot be used to discriminate definitively between CSO-2s, binary galactic nuclei, and millilensed objects, unless they have α
hi > −0.3.
The Alignment of High-resolution Solar Prominence Images Observed by the New Vacuum Solar Telescope
Authors: Cai Yunfang , Xiang Yongyuan , Ji Kaifan
Published: December 2024

High spatial resolution observation of solar prominence is an important observation subject of the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST). While the current level of observation and image reconstruction technologies for solar prominences are advanced, a significant challenge remains in achieving high-precision alignment among high-resolution prominence images observed at different times and different off-bands. Existing alignment approaches either become ineffective or yield low accuracy, and always require manual intervention during the alignment. These limitations are largely due to the stronger edge gradient and lower structural contrast of the prominence images compared with the solar surface ones. In response to this challenge, our study aims to develop an effective and robust algorithm for high-precision alignment of the prominence images. We thoroughly consider the unique structural characteristics of prominence images and the specific application conditions of various alignment algorithms. Consequently, we propose a comprehensive alignment method that incorporates the optical flow field of the solar surface, the gradient of the solar edge, and the cross-correlation within the solar prominence region. This method is designed to accurately determine the movement displacements among the prominence images. Our results demonstrate that this alignment method excels in both accuracy and robustness, making it well-suited for handling the diverse postures of solar prominence images captured by the NVST.
A Dust Attenuation Model Inspired by the NIHAO-SKIRT-Catalog
Authors: Faucher Nicholas , Blanton Michael R.
Published: December 2024

We use simulated attenuation curves from the NIHAO-SKIRT-Catalog to test the flexibility of commonly used dust attenuation models in the face of the variations expected from realistic star–dust geometries. Motivated by lack of flexibility in these existing models, we propose a novel dust attenuation model with three free parameters that can accurately recover the simulated attenuation curves as well as the best-fitting curves from the commonly used models. This new model is fully analytic and treats all starlight equally, in contrast to two-component dust attenuation models. We use the parameterization to investigate the relationship between the overall attenuation law shape and the strength of the 2175 Å bump. Our results indicate variation in star–dust geometry leads these features to correlate tightly, with grayer attenuation curves having weaker bumps.
Synchrotron Break Frequencies of Mildly to Highly Relativistic Outflows Observed Off-axis
Authors: Sadeh Gilad
Published: December 2024

We consider the synchrotron spectrum produced by mildly to highly relativistic collisionless shocks. Simple analytic formulae are derived for the break frequencies (peak frequency, self-absorption frequency, synchrotron, and inverse Compton cooling frequencies) of the emission produced by postshock plasma elements propagating at an angle θ

e
relative to the observer’s line of sight. These formulae reproduce well the results of earlier exact analytic calculations valid for ultrarelativistic shocks and also hold for γ < 10 and for “off-axis” propagation (deviating from the ultrarelativistic results by approximately 1 order of magnitude). Our results will improve parameter estimation accuracy from future observations of synchrotron emission produced by collisionless shocks driven by the relativistic ejected material from compact object mergers and jetted tidal disruption events. The improved accuracy for mildly relativistic velocities is essential since most events will be observed off-axis, with γ < 10 outflows dominating the synchrotron emission (due to relativistic beaming). For GW170817, our results imply that (i) the Lorentz factor of the plasma emitting the observed radiation is bounded by 2.6 < γ at t ∼ 10 days and by γ < 12 at t > 16 days, (ii) the interstellar medium (ISM) density, n, and the fraction of internal energy density held by magnetic fields, ε

B
, are bounded by n · ε

B
≲ 3 × 10−7 cm−3. In future merger events in higher-density ISM, the peak and cooling frequencies may be identified in the radio and X-ray bands; consequently, γ, n · ε

B
could be measured as opposed to the case of GW170817, where these frequencies are out of the observable range.
D5.3 Agent-based model at the European scale
Authors: Popova Gabriela , McCulloch Josie , Ge Jiaqi , Evans Paul
Published: December 2024

This document presents the generalised linear model (GLM) and agent-based model (ABM) that were developed in the H2020 project BESTMAP to model and predict the uptake of Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES) in the European Union. The deliverable is based on the work done in Work Package 4.1 (WP4.1) – Agent-Based Modelling and Analysis of BESTMAP. This deliverable comprises a description of the particular implementation of the ABM including a discussion of how and why the European Union model differs from the case study-specific models described in Deliverable 4.1. The link to the model’s code on GitLab is provided. Furthermore, data requirements and potential limitations with respect to data accessibility are outlined. The ABM code is accompanied by a model description in a structured form following the ODD+D protocol (Müller et al., 2013) in the Appendix. The deliverable focuses on the model development and how the GLM and ABM are linked. As an outlook, research questions that can be answered with the models, model limitations and potential further extensions are discussed. Additionally, it is briefly discussed how the ABM outputs will enhance the biophysical modelling upscaling, which is the other part of Task 5.2
Atomistic investigation of effect of twin boundary on machinability in diamond cutting of nanocrystalline 3C-SiC
Authors: Zhao Liang , Guan Weimian , Xu Jiwen , Sun Zhiyuan , Zhang Maoda , Zhang Junjie
Published: December 2024

The machinability of hard brittle nanocrystalline cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) is strongly dependent on internal microstructure and its adapted machining response. Here, we conducted molecular dynamic simulations to explore the machinability of nanotwinned 3C-SiC with a large number of twin boundaries in diamond cutting. The effect of the introduction of twin boundaries on the diamond cutting of nanocrystalline 3C-SiC, particular for its contribution to suppressing brittle fracture and improving ductile-mode cutting, was investigated in-depth. Our simulation results revealed that twin boundaries exerted a significant impact on the deformation mechanism and subsequent surface integrity of nanocrystalline 3C-SiC. Specifically, intergranular fracture was significantly suppressed by the introduction of twin boundaries. In addition, various deformation behaviors such as phase transformation, crack propagation, dislocation activity, and twin boundary-associated deformation mechanisms were operated in cutting process of nanotwinned 3C-SiC. Furthermore, the influence of twin boundary spacing on the diamond cutting characteristics of nanotwinned 3C-SiC was also addressed.
Estimation of $ P(X < Y) $ for Fréchet, reversed Weibull and Weibull distributions: Analytical expressions, simulations and applications
Authors: da Fonseca Tiago A. , Quintino Felipe S. , Ozelim Luan C. S. M. , Rathie Pushpa N.
Published: December 2024

This work aimed to derive new analytical formulas for the stress–strength reliability of the type $ P(X < Y) $ when both $ X $ and $ Y $ follow Fréchet, reversed Weibull or Weibull distributions. The new expressions were given in terms of extreme value $ \mathbb{H} $-functions and have been obtained under fewer parameter restrictions while compared to similar results in the literature of these distributions. The performance of the maximum likelihood estimator was evaluated through Monte-Carlo simulations and the results were compared with a nonparametric estimator. Three real dataset applications were carried out. First, we analyzed the statistical behavior of financial assets' returns, showing how $ P(X < Y) $ can be used to build an interesting approach to perform asset selection. Second, minimum monthly flows of water were analyzed. Finally, we compared failure voltage levels of two types of electrical cable insulation. For all the real case applications, confidence intervals for $ P(X < Y) $ were obtained by Bootstrap methods.
Des tigres grecs au tigre romain (IVe siècle av. J.-C.-IIe siècle apr. J.-C.)
Authors: Schneider Pierre
Published: December 2024

Cet article revient sur l’image indifférenciée du tigre dans le monde gréco-romain qui domine dans les études consacrées à cet animal. Ce « tigre gréco-romain », ainsi que je le nomme, me semble être une construction artificielle. Le but de cette contribution est donc d’aborder la question de façon plus nuancée, par une approche diachronique, en distinguant documents grecs et documents romains. La première section décrit le tigre dans le monde grec (IVe-IIe siècle av. J.-C.). Dans la deuxième section, j’examine le tigre romain (Ier siècle av. J.-C. – IIe siècle apr. J.-C.). Dans la dernière section, j’essaie de dégager les principales raisons de cette divergence culturelle.
Montures félines dans l’iconographie dionysiaque
Authors: Wyler Stéphanie
Published: December 2024

L’étude d’une mosaïque de la Maison du Faune (Pompéi, IIe siècle av. J.-C.) représentant un eros dionysiaque chevauchant un tigre à crinière richement harnaché permet de suivre une série iconographique d’époque hellénistique allant de Pella à Délos et Pompéi et de mesurer les adaptations locales du bestiaire dionysiaque, dont l’exotisme est réélaboré à mesure que les grands félins sont introduits en Italie par les triomphes et les jeux romains de la fin de la République.
Talking beauties
Authors: Franco Cristiana
Published: December 2024

Parrots are considered to have been imported from India into the Mediterranean area right after Alexander’s expedition. The extant sources, however, point to a later date and seem to indicate a route via the Erythraean sea and Egypt, rather than an inland path through the territories of the Seleucid empire. The bird’s popularity reached its peak after the Roman conquest of Egypt. Thanks to their exotic beauty and ability to speak, parrots replaced native corvids as the talking bird of choice in Roman cities and imagination.
Quand taire, c’est dire : L’envers et l’endroit de la revue culturelle Tropiques (1941‑1945)
Authors: Hel-Bongo Olga
Published: December 2024

La revue Tropiques, que fondèrent Aimé et Suzanne Césaire, entourés d’amis tels que René Ménil et Gilbert Gratiant, célèbre dès le moment de sa parution, l’émergence d’un sujet littéraire antillais à part entière, malgré des conditions de production difficiles liées à la période de l’entre-deux-guerres. Pluridisciplinaire et savante, Tropiques adopte tous les tons pour parvenir à son but : « construire de nouveaux axes de pensée, libérer la parole et les consciences et poser, entre 1941 et 1945, des problèmes épistémologiques qui sont encore d’actualité » (Curtius 2017 : 416). Comment les initiateurs de ce projet culturel subversif purent-ils déjouer toute censure des représentants du gouvernement de Vichy, et éclairer les lecteurs auxquels la revue s’adressait ? Dans cet article, nous cherchons, à partir des conditions d’élaboration de la revue, à relever la prouesse verbale et littéraire des contributeurs dans leur mode de transmission de la culture (littéraire, historique, anthropologique, artistique et politique). Le mot d’ordre serait de feindre l’exotisme littéraire antillais dans un but noble et audacieux : celui de démanteler la « Raison » coloniale, perçue par les contributeurs comme une compromission scandaleuse des institutions religieuses, étatiques ou littéraires dans les pires crimes, méfaits et injustices de l’histoire de l’humanité.
Transmettre la santé verte : La médecine traditionnelle créole en héritage
Authors: Concy Marie-Andrée
Published: December 2024

« En occupant un espace social privilégié, la médecine traditionnelle et les diverses pratiques qui y sont liées, sont de moins en moins marginalisées, de plus en plus admises comme ressources, et la société leur devient, du même coup, permissive. La tolérance sociale est relativement forte ». Cette lecture de la situation de la médecine traditionnelle et de sa réception dans la société, est celle de l’anthropologue et médecin martiniquais Michel Yoyo. Elle évoque la réalité de la médecine créole dans l’espace antillais et dit l’intérêt que lui portent ceux qui en font usage.L’objectif de cette article est de poser la question de la transmission du savoir médicinal en contexte martiniquais : transmission des tradipraticiens vers les profanes ; transmission entre professionnels de cette médecine. Autrement dit, comment se fait l’apprentissage, si apprentissage il y a, de ce savoir traditionnel jalousement gardé par ceux qui l’exercent ? La dimension magico-religieuse de ce savoir influe-t-elle sur sa transmission ? Quel est le rôle de la famille dans l’éducation et la transmission de ces pratiques ? Quelle est la connaissance profane accessible à tous et que détiennent certaines familles ? Celle-ci répond-elle aux attentes de la médecine traditionnelle et comment les familles procèdent-elles à sa transmission ? Quelle contribution l’institution scolaire apporte-t-elle à la sauvegarde de ce patrimoine ? Ce questionnement nous amène à nous interroger sur les pratiques en matière de médecine des Martiniquais et à considérer la coexistence entre savoir traditionnel et savoir rationnel dit moderne. On ne peut faire l’économie de ces analyses si on veut appréhender de façon objective le problème de la transmission de la médecine créole, de sa sauvegarde par – et pour – les générations montantes, en raison de l’aspect mémoriel de cette pratique thérapeutique mais également en raison de son efficacité et du potentiel important qu’elle représente pour la santé dans les années qui viennent.
The Dissenting Voices of Dalit Women Writers: Breaking Away from Narratives of Victimhood
Authors: Soukaï Sandrine
Published: December 2024

From the late 19th century onwards, the Indian nationalist movement offered a seemingly inclusive, yet Hindu-dominated image of the nation and so did Indian national historiography for four decades after independence. This vision was challenged in subaltern studies, in the Partition literature of the early 1980s, and in the feminist historiography of the 1990s. Dalit literatures, which timidly appeared internationally then, perfectly illustrate Jacques Rancière’s analysis of the literary as a realm of ‘‘dissensus’’ that can disturb and redefine systems of divisions and hierarchies of the aesthetic-political sphere. Dalit literatures emerged as a political tool, but they have been accused of promoting a culture of sentimentality for political gain and of homogenising Dalit identity. I study the dissenting voices of three Dalit female writers whose works undermine intersecting caste and gender discriminations. The article examines the literary specificities, in both form and content, of the texts under scrutiny. Faustina’s Sangati, Sivakami’s The Grip of Change and Shyamala’s Father May Be an Elephant and Mother Only a Small Basket, But… break away with tales of oppression and refuse to confine Dalit women to the role of victims given to them both by Hindu nationalist and Western orientalist discourses. Instead, they place marginalised Dalit women at the centre of at times crude, at times astonishingly humorous narratives.
Identité et altérité : la nomination des migrants traversant la Méditerranée
Authors: Constanza Joëlle
Published: December 2024

L’identité discursive médiatique ou image médiatique est l’identité construite et donnée à voir par le discours médiatique (envisagé comme genre discursif dans la tradition de l’École française de l’analyse de discours). C’est dans l’acte de nomination effectué par les journalistes et notamment dans le choix paradigmatique que nous repérons ce processus.L’article étudie comment se construit l’identité discursive médiatique des migrants traversant la Méditerranée, analyse conduite sur un corpus de cinq titres de presse écrite française (nationale et régionale), sur une période d’un mois, du 1er au 31 juin 2018, durant l’errance du navire humanitaire Aquarius.
Le peuple antillais chez Raphaël Confiant : constitution d'un « nous » créole ?
Authors: Desquilbet Alice
Published: December 2024

Cet article s'interroge sur la manière dont le cycle des romans de Raphaël Confiant traitant de l'immigration indienne, chinoise et syrienne en Martinique pourrait être une pratique romanesque de « l'éloge de la créolité ». Il s'agit de voir dans quelle mesure La Panse du chacal (2004), Case à Chine (2007) et Rue des Syriens (2012) peuvent être lues comme des expérimentations narratives de la créolité, en particulier à travers le pronom nous qui apparaît dans la narration.
René Maran essayiste : une légitimité par le journal
Authors: Demougin Laure
Published: December 2024

René Maran est connu surtout comme romancier, biographe et poète, mais dès les années 1920, suite au « scandale Batouala », il a collaboré activement à la presse, publiant des articles, des critiques ou des « variétés » médiatiques pour différents journaux tout au long de sa carrière littéraire. Cette activité de polygraphe lui a permis de développer une stratégie de légitimation de son écriture – particulièrement d’essayiste – en passant par le journal.
La femme, le sacré et la modernité dans La saison de l’ombre et Crépuscule du tourment de Léonora Miano
Authors: Metoukson Anaïs
Published: December 2024

Cet article examine la relation privilégiée des femmes à la mémoire du sacré – en la croyance en Nyambé – dans les romans La saison de l’ombre et Crépuscule du tourment, de Léonora Miano. La divinité fait l’objet d’un reniement dans les communautés dépeintes, ce qui fragilise le tissu social et le statut des femmes, en particulier. Certaines d’entre elles parviennent néanmoins à comprendre et transmettre la spiritualité, au point qu’elle se révèle encore profitable à leur société. Il en ressort que la figure de Nyambé est propice à un discours en prise sur les enjeux de l’ère contemporaine. Il aspire à déterritorialiser l’identité culturelle et à libérer la diversité des expressions de genre.
Procédés de mémorialisation et ouragan Katrina
Authors: Marcin Freddy
Published: December 2024

Cet article se propose de se replonger dans les méandres de l’ouragan Katrina afin de comprendre les mécanismes de mémorialisation mis en place par la population victime. En effet, nous proposons de croiser diverses études sur le recueil des expériences de la population affectée par l’ouragan ainsi que sur les modes d’ancrage mémoriel afin de schématiser les procédés de mémorialisation et d’en retirer un fil conducteur allant des expériences singulières vers le collectif. Nous démontrerons que la mémorialisation a pour but le refus de l’oubli mais aussi de défier les discours médiatiques exogènes. Par ailleurs, il sera noté que le partage des expériences a créé un lien indéniable entre les participants formant ainsi une communauté mémorielle.
Le classicisme identitaire de la poésie senghorienne
Authors: Fardin Liliane
Published: December 2024

La fidélité que Léopold Sédar Senghor entretient avec l’Afrique n’a jamais été reniée, et c’est tout en conservant sa culture propre identitaire qu’il a rejoint la poétique européenne. Comme son frère de la Négritude Aimé Césaire, il se propose d’écouter battre le « pouls profond de l’Afrique »… Il est vrai que notre écrivain est latiniste et helléniste de formation, mais, de façon paradoxale, cette formation lui a permis de valoriser sa propre culture africaine, en repérant en celle-ci des structures de base, des figures, bref un bagage artistique universel. Le classicisme est donc une forme structurale utilisée, partout dans le monde, pour créer de la vraie poésie, des chefs-d’œuvre. Ainsi le singulier peut – il retrouver l’universel…
La historia versus las historias en las novelas de Patrick Chamoiseau
Authors: Casas Janeth Olga
Published: December 2024

Para el escritor martiniqueño Patrick Chamoiseau, la novela es el medio por excelencia en donde expone los problemas de la historia de las Antillas. Por tal razón, en este artículo, en primer lugar, me propongo determinar, en las narraciones del escritor Patrick Chamoiseau, tres tipos de olvido del pasado: el olvido que emana de la colectividad colonizada, el olvido institucionalizado por el poder colonizador y el olvido instaurado por la distancia tanto geográfica como cronológica. En segundo lugar, especifico el papel del escritor antillano frente al cuestionamiento de la historia. Finalmente, preciso el enfoque para abordar la historia, el cual utiliza los trazos aún presentes en el paisaje o en la memoria de los viejos habitantes.
Les résidences d’auteur à l’Université : le malaise dans la littérature ?
Authors: Krykun Anna
Published: December 2024

En s’appuyant sur une série d’entretiens, une analyse d’archives de résidences et des productions littéraires issues de ces séjours, le présent article s’attache à identifier les motivations des différentes parties prenantes du dispositif et à dresser une typologie des résidences d’auteur à l’Université afin de s’interroger sur le rôle qu’elles jouent dans l’enseignement et la recherche littéraire.
Faire advenir un sujet-chercheur en devenir
Authors: Cayet Anne-Sophie
Published: December 2024

Cet article émane d’une intervention dans l’axe 3 de la Journée NEQ 2023 : « Approche du sujet interprétant par la mise en histoire des enseignant.e.s et des chercheur.e.s ». Il tente de répondre à la question suivante : en quoi une « herméneutique du sujet » (Foucault, 2001 [1982]) induite par des pratiques réflexives sociobiographiques peut-elle jouer un rôle dans la constitution d’une identité professionnelle et scientifique, particulièrement chez les jeunes chercheur.e.s ? Après une première partie théorique permettant de cerner la notion d’historicité d’un point de vue philosophique, des exemples concrets issus d’un corpus de thèses et d’entretiens avec des jeunes chercheur.e.s seront présentés. Ils mettront en lumière les enjeux méthodologiques, éthiques et épistémologiques de l’historicisation des chercheur.e.s dans et par la recherche.
La réappropriation de l’espace dans le logement promotionnel. Reformulations et changements dans les manières d’habiter. Cas de la ville de Batna, Algérie
Authors: Bendib Karima
Published: December 2024

Ce travail met en lumière les premiers éléments d’une recherche concernant les modes d’appropriation de l’espace domestique dans la ville de Batna, Algérie. Il s’intéresse particulièrement au logement promotionnel. Ce qui distingue certains logements de ce type d’habitat, c’est l’originalité de la réappropriation de l’espace par les habitants. En effet, les pratiques habitantes, telles qu’elles ressortent de l’observation en situation et de l’enquête, révèlent des dynamiques de transformations matérielles qui renvoient à une manière de pensée, laquelle dépasse le caractère endogène pour endosser des attraits exogènes. En visionnant des exemples d’actions sur l’espace, nous tenterons de lever le voile sur un phénomène qui annonce une mutation expressive dans la relation de l’humain aussi bien avec l’espace qu’avec la société.
Danza y memoria: Expresiones y resignificaciones de la violencia de la historia a través de la danza (Argentina, Chile)
Authors: Molinaro Natalia
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose un panorama et une approche comparative des expressions des violences politiques et de leur mémoire en danse, depuis la fin des années 1960 jusqu’à nos jours, en Argentine et au Chili. À partir des travaux déjà existants dans le champ des études en danse, il s’agira d’historiciser des productions récentes et de proposer une vision d’ensemble des différentes modalités auxquelles ont pu avoir recours des chorégraphes dans ces deux pays pour évoquer le traumatisme et le souvenir des disparus, et faire surgir la mémoire dans le présent.
Memoria y Violencia. Representaciones cinematográficas de la infancia en tiempos de dictadura.
Authors: García Paola
Published: December 2024

Cabe destacar el constante y creciente interés que muestran los jóvenes cineastas latinoamericanos sobre las consecuencias de la violencia desatada por los golpes militares de los años 1970. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los discursos cinematográficos que se generan particularmente en torno al binomio infancia/exilio-insilio en el contexto de la dictadura argentina, a partir de un corpus constituido por dos películas: El Premio (2011) de Paula Markovitch e Infancia Clandestina de Benjamín Ávila (2012).
Recovering Abstract Art Narratives in Latin America: Lidy Prati’s Writing
Authors: Pagnanelli Ayelen
Published: December 2024

Pionera de la abstracción geométrica entre 1944 y 1955, Lidy Prati fue una joven artista inmersa en la exploración de la abstracción y la creación de obras de arte formalmente transgresoras en el Río de La Plata, en América del Sur. Sostengo que Prati publicó en la revista Lyra en 1956 una genealogía innovadora y crítica del arte abstracto que incluía el arte indígena y no occidental, que era contraria a la genealogía sostenida por otros representantes del arte concreto argentino. A través de una reconstrucción feminista del contexto personal de su escritura, este artículo ilumina las contribuciones de una mujer a las narrativas sobre el arte abstracto.
¿Cómo excomulgar hoy?. Incremento de la violencia social en Uruguay : Compañeros (2018) de Álvaro Brechner
Authors: Vidal Edgard
Published: December 2024

Este texto analiza el fenómeno del aumento de la violencia y las guerras en la sociedad, que ha llamado la atención de historiadores, sociólogos y científicos sociales. Concluye que este aumento puede deberse -entre otras causas- a cuestiones de integración y exclusión ligadas a las luchas por la supremacía del poder, así como al surgimiento de formas sofisticadas de violencia simbólica, como la calumnia, los insultos, las agresiones deslegitimantes o intimidantes, el desprecio y el menosprecio. El artículo también estudia el papel de la comunicación y la información en las sociedades modernas, argumentando que a medida que aumentan las posibilidades y los estímulos comunicativos parece haber una tendencia a la excomunión. Para ilustrar este punto, el autor se refiere al Uruguay de las décadas de 1960 y 1970, un período marcado por conflictos geopolíticos, crisis democrática y el surgimiento de nuevas tecnologías de la información, generando mutaciones sistémicas y una mayor excomunión política. Luego, se profundiza el concepto de excomunión, que a menudo se asocia con las instituciones religiosas y su poder para censurar y suspender su membresía. Finalmente, se presenta la película «Compañeros» de Álvaro Brechner, que retrata diversos rituales de excomunión vividos por los personajes principales, pero que en última instancia sirve como homenaje al poder de la comunicación.
Polyaniline/Graphene Oxide as Counter Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell System
Authors: Razak Mohd Fairul Sharin Abdul , Shukor Amira Abul , Salleh Mohd Nazry , Zainol Mohd Hafiz , Ibrahim Ismail
Published: December 2024

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) hold promises for replacing fossil fuels in energy production through the conversion of solar light energy. However, the use of platinum (Pt) in the fabrication of counter electrodes (CEs) for DSSCs contributes to high production costs. Developing efficient, platinum-free CEs has become a focus point for advancing DSSC technology due to drawbacks including low efficiency, high electron recombination, and stability issues that limit their performance. To address this, our innovation involves replacing Pt with a promising polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI/GO) composite for the CE in DSSC systems. Results demonstrated that the formation of PANI/GO as the CE exhibits excellent properties, including good electrochemical performance, high conductivity, and exceptional mechanical stability, as evidenced by Raman spectra showing the formation of GO. Furthermore, modifying the CE to be Pt-free in DSSCs not only reduces costs but also simplifies the fabrication process of the DSSC system.
Finite Element Modelling of Porosity in Cobalt Base-Molybdenum-Chromium-Silicon Coatings with Gurson Damage Model
Authors: Cuamatzi-Melendez Ruben , Juárez-López Fernando , Flores-Cuamatzi Enrique , Morales-Ramírez Ángel de Jesús
Published: December 2024

This work presents the finite element modelling of porosity in super alloys coatings, developed with cobalt-base/chromium/molybdenum/silicon metallic powders, which were thermally sprayed on oil & gas steel pipeline substrates, with the aim to protect the steel against H2S and CO2 corrosive environments. Therefore, in the developed finite element models, a small level of porosity, identified and analysed on the cross-section of the developed coatings, was incorporated in the developed models in order to perform a more realistic analysis of the structural response of the coating with some level of porosity by the local damage modelling technique. The porosity was incorporated in the developed finite element models with the micromechanical Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage model, consequently the damage model parameters of Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model were calibrated against the true stress-strain material curve of the coating. The damage model was applied only on the finite elements subjected to higher bending loads. The values of and damage parameters are in the range of those published in the literature, for different type of steels, however value was lower, showing that for super alloy coatings, is quite lower than for steels. For the case of the initial and critical void volume fraction, the best calibrate values are higher compared to steels values reported in the literature. The relative density was similar compared to data published in the literature. Once the damage model parameters were properly calibrated, the modelling was employed to evaluate the stresses and strain states in the coating/substrate structure and in coating-substrates interface. The developed models were able to properly simulate the hardening material response of the coating with good agreement with material data. The results showed that Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage modelling technique was able to model porosity damage in cobalt-base/chromium/molybdenum/silicon hard coatings, since numerical results agree well with true stress-strain material curve of coating material.
Prevalence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus among Zimbabwean women living with HIV
Authors: Kufa Tarisai , Mandiriri Ardele , Shamu Tinei , Dube Mandishora Racheal S. , Pascoe Margaret J.
Published: December 2024

Background: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are six times more likely to develop cervical cancer (CC). There is also an increased incidence of CC in women with optimal HIV disease control, despite immune reconstitution due to antiretroviral therapy (ART).Objectives: This study describes the prevalence and age-specific genotype distribution of hrHPV among an urban cohort of WLWH. Additionally, we report the HIV disease profile and age-specific outcomes of hrHPV DNA screening in WLWH attending routine CC screening at Newlands Clinic, Harare, between January and December 2021.Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional design based on a retrospective review of records of WLWH who were screened for hrHPV infection. We assessed the prevalence of hrHPV infection during the study period.Results: We included data for 2745 women who had an hrHPV DNA test. The median age at the time of testing was 45 years (interquartile range [IQR]; 37–52) The median duration on HIV ART was 10.2 years (IQR: 6.2–13.3). The proportion of women with undetectable viral loads ( 50 copies/mL) was 91.2%. The prevalence of hrHPV infection was 53%. The most prevalent genotypes were human papillomavirus (HPV) 58 (11%), HPV 52 (10%), HPV 35 (10%), and HPV 16 (9%).Conclusion: Our study reports a high prevalence of HPV and hrHPV including other subtypes than 16 and 18. These results highlight the continued importance of CC screening and prophylactic HPV vaccinations among WLWH.
Sarcoidosis and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Expression of miR-145, miR-301, and miR-449
Authors: Khosravi Negin , Mohamadnia Abdolreza , Zadeh Changiz Ahmadi , Bahram Naghmeh , Ghorbian Saeid
Published: December 2024

Background:

In the field, sarcoidosis is a condition characterized by inflammation, with an unknown origin often impacting the lungs and chest lymph nodes. On the other hand, lung cancer stands out as a fatal form of cancer affecting both men and women. It is challenging to distinguish sarcoidosis from lung cancer. A method to diagnose and treat diseases involves examining the biomarkers associated with the condition. This research aimed to analyze the levels of miR-449, miR-301, and miR-145 in lymph node tissue of individuals with sarcoidosis compared to a control group using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and compare their expression with non-small cell lung cancer tissue.

Methods:

In this study, we gathered the tissue samples from the lymph nodes of individuals with sarcoidosis, cancer patients, and controls. Subsequently, we conducted real-time PCR analysis to assess the levels of miR-301, miR-145, and miR-449 gene expression in the samples. We also evaluated the variation in the biomarker expression levels and their correlation between genes and rock graphs.

Results:

The levels of miR-301 expression were found to be elevated in lymph node samples from patients with sarcoidosis and in cancer tissue compared to those from healthy individuals. In addition, miR-449 expression was higher in lymph node samples from sarcoidosis patients than in healthy individuals and it was lower in cancer tissue samples. Furthermore, there were variations in the expression levels of miR-145, between lymph node tissue of sarcoidosis patients and cancer tissue.

Conclusion:

The investigated biomarkers are suitable for the prognosis and treatment of sarcoidosis and lung cancer and can be used in faster and more accurate diagnosis of the disease and as a result more effective treatment.
Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of individuals with opioid dependence syndrome presenting to a tertiary care center in Assam: A retrospective review
Authors: Chakravarty Pranjal J. , Mahintamani Tathagata , Mukherjee Diptadhi , Daimary Partha P. , Dutta Hemanta
Published: December 2024

Background:

Opioid dependence is a critical public health issue in Northeast India, with limited data available on the affected population.

Aim:

This study examines the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of opioid-dependent individuals in Assam.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted of 238 patients diagnosed with opioid dependence at a tertiary care addiction treatment center in Assam, covering records from January 2022 to January 2023.

Results:

The sample consisted mainly of young, married males (median age 25 years), with a median 24-month dependence duration. Heroin was the primary opioid, and 55.5% had a history of injecting drug use (IDU). Among injection drug users (IDUs), 83.3% were positive for HCV, 9.8% for HBV, and 28.0% for HIV. Early onset of heroin use and unmarried status were linked to higher HCV prevalence, while HIV prevalence showed no significant sociodemographic associations in IDUs.

Conclusion:

The high prevalence of IDU and associated infections underscores the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive treatment resources for opioid users in Assam.