bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased North African Dust Fluxes and Higher Productivity in the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic Ocean Linked to Stronger Trade Winds From About 2.7 Million Years ago
Authors: Crocker Anya J. , Jewell Amy M. , Mitsunaga Bryce A. , Buchanan Solana , Brombacher Anieke , Hambach Bastian , Wilding Megan R. , Westerhold Thomas , Röhl Ursula , Russell James M. , Herbert Timothy D. , Xuan Chuang , Wilson Paul A.
Published: January 2025

For at least the last 11 million years, the North African landscape has repeatedly oscillated on astronomical timescales between the dry dusty conditions of today and more humid, vegetated conditions such as those documented for the mid‐Holocene. These changes were primarily driven by expansion and contraction of the tropical rainbelt in response to changes in summer insolation. However, other mechanisms are needed to explain temporal variability in the sensitivity of African humidity to this rhythmic forcing. A main interval of observed change is the Pliocene‐Pleistocene transition (∼3.5–2.4 Ma) when Africa is widely (but not universally) suggested to have become drier and dustier. Here we present new suborbitally resolved records of surface ocean temperature, foraminiferal stable isotopes and export productivity from the Northwest African margin and the eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean and compare them to published records. We find strong coupling at astronomical timescales between productivity and dust fluxes throughout our study interval, indicating the sustained influence of the northeast trade winds on dust transport, upwelling strength and perhaps dust‐driven ocean fertilization. We attribute observed increases in dust fluxes delivered to the NW African margin and eastern equatorial Atlantic to strengthening of the trade winds driven by the steepening latitudinal temperature gradients associated with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Taken together with published evidence of increased strength in the mid‐latitude westerlies at this time, our results point to invigoration of large‐scale atmospheric circulation globally during intensified glacial periods of the Pliocene‐Pleistocene transition.
Energy and climate policy implications on the deployment of low-carbon ammonia technologies
Authors: Chyong Chi Kong , Italiani Eduardo , Kazantzis Nikolaos
Published: January 2025

The economic feasibility of low-carbon ammonia production pathways, such as steam methane reforming with carbon capture and storage, biomass gasification, and electrolysis, is assessed under various policy frameworks, including subsidies, carbon pricing, and renewable hydrogen regulations. Here, we show that employing a stochastic techno-economic analysis at the plant level and a net present value approach under the US Inflation Reduction Act reveals that carbon capture and biomass pathways demonstrate strong economic potential due to cost-effectiveness and minimal public support needs. Conversely, the electrolytic pathway faces significant economic challenges due to higher costs and lower efficiency. We conclude that efficient decarbonization of ammonia production requires adapting the Haber-Bosch process for variable bioenergy quality, ensuring safe CO2 transport and storage, advancing research to lower costs and improve efficiency in renewable energy and storage technologies, as well as creating a technologically neutral policy framework.
Error mitigation in brainbox quantum autoencoders
Authors: Pazem Joséphine , Ansari Mohammad H.
Published: January 2025

Quantum hardware faces noise challenges that disrupt multiqubit entangled states. Quantum autoencoder circuits with a single qubit bottleneck have demonstrated the capability to correct errors in noisy entangled states. By introducing slightly more complex structures in the bottleneck, referred to as brainboxes, the denoising process can occure more quickly and efficiently in the presence of stronger noise channels. Selecting the most suitable brainbox for the bottleneck involves a trade-off between the intensity of noise on the hardware and training complexity. Finally, by analysing the Rényi entropy flow throughout the networks, we demonstrate that the localization of entanglement plays a central role in denoising through learning.
Proteome-wide mendelian randomization identifies causal plasma proteins in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Yu Kunrong , Li Wanying , Long Wenjie , Li Yijia , Li Yanting , Liao Huili , Liu Jianhong
Published: January 2025

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has shown limited treatment advancements, with minimal exploration of circulating protein biomarkers causally linked to ILD and its subtypes beyond idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we aimed to identify potential drug targets and circulating protein biomarkers for ILD and its subtypes. We utilized the most recent large-scale plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data detected from the antibody-based method and ILD and its subtypes’ GWAS data from the updated FinnGen database for Mendelian randomization analysis. To enhance the reliability of causal associations, we conducted external validation and sensitivity analyses, including Bayesian colocalization and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Our study identified eight plasma proteins genetically associated with ILD or its subtypes. Among these, three proteins—CDH15 (Cadherin-15), LTBR (Lymphotoxin-beta receptor), and ADAM15 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15)—emerged as priority biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, demonstrating more reliable associations by passing a series of sensitivity analyses compared to the others. Based on these findings, we propose for the first time that CDH15, ADAM15, and LTBR hold promise as novel potential circulating protein biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ILD, IPF, and sarcoidosis, respectively, especially ADAM15, and these findings have the potential to provide new perspectives for advancing the research on the heterogeneity of ILD.
Rapamycin inhibits tamoxifen-induced endometrial proliferation in vitro as a pilot approach for endometrial protection in breast cancer
Authors: Nakamura Akiko , Tanaka Yuji , Amano Tsukuru , Takebayashi Akie , Takahashi Akimasa , Hanada Tetsuro , Yoneoka Yutaka , Tsuji Shunichiro , Murakami Takashi
Published: January 2025

Tamoxifen, a common adjuvant therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, is associated with an increased risk of endometrial pathologies, such as hyperplasia, polyps, and carcinoma. This study investigates rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, as a potential novel strategy for preventing tamoxifen-induced endometrial proliferation. This in vitro study utilised endometrial stromal cells isolated from infertile women. The cells were treated with tamoxifen alone or in combination with rapamycin, and proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. The activation of the mTOR pathway, as well as apoptosis and cell cycle markers, was evaluated by Western blotting to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. The study design emphasised simulating clinically relevant exposure levels. Tamoxifen significantly increased endometrial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Rapamycin effectively inhibited this proliferation, even at concentrations lower than those typically observed in clinical settings. Quantitative analysis by Western blotting showed activation of the mTOR pathway and cell cycle in the tamoxifen group, and inhibition of these pathways in the tamoxifen plus rapamycin combination group, whereas there was no change in apoptosis. In conclusion, rapamycin shows promise as a prophylactic agent against tamoxifen-induced endometrial pathologies, with potential implications for fertility preservation and endometrial protection in breast cancer patients.
Introducing maximum sustainable yield targets in fisheries could enhance global food security
Authors: Elleby Christian , Domínguez Ignacio Pérez , Nielsen Rasmus , Nielsen Max , Hoff Ayoe
Published: January 2025

Aquatic foods are crucial for global food and nutrition security, but overfishing has led to depleted fish stocks, threatening both food security and the environment. Here, we combine a fish stock model with a global agriculture and food market model in order to analyze scenarios involving a continuation of current fishing trends versus optimal management through maximum sustainable yield targets. Maximum sustainable yield management of overfished stocks could increase yields by 10.6 Megatons, equivalent to 12% of total catches and 6% of aquatic animal production in 2022. This would alleviate the need for aquaculture expansion by an equivalent of 3 years of growth in the aquaculture sector at its current level, and reduce meat and feed demand. Lower food prices and additional supply could enhance global food security. Conversely, continued overfishing will likely lead to lower catches over time, adding pressure to the agricultural and aquaculture sectors. Although maximum sustainable yield management is not a panacea, it represents a positive step towards achieving sustainable food production.
Recent advances in optical heavy water sensors
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li Chenghui , Huang Yan , Lu Zhiyun , Hou Xiandeng , Luo Yanju
Published: January 2025

D2O and H2O are highly susceptible to contamination by each other, so effective qualitative and quantitative analyses of both are necessary. This review discusses the progress in optical sensing for the discriminative detection between H2O and D2O.
Facile and versatile construction of MOF@COF heterostructures in atmospheric air for enhanced CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Ma Ming-Li , Zheng Le-Chen , Li Rui , Xie Yabo
Published: January 2025

A facile and versatile concentration-acid co-regulation strategy was developed, synthesizing MOF@COF composites with enhanced CO2RR performances in air without arduous treatments.
Expression of concern: Non-symmetrical dialkyl carbonate synthesis promoted by 1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Jain Suman L.
Published: January 2025

Expression of concern for ‘Non-symmetrical dialkyl carbonate synthesis promoted by 1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride’ by Subodh Kumar and Suman L. Jain, New J. Chem., 2013, 37, 3057–3061, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3NJ00640A.
A dual antibacterial action of soft quaternary ammonium compounds: bacteriostatic effects, membrane integrity, and reduced in vitro and in vivo toxicity
Authors: Crnčević Doris , Krce Lucija , Brkljača Zlatko , Cvitković Mislav , Babić Brčić Sanja , Čož-Rakovac Rozelindra , Odžak Renata , Šprung Matilda
Published: January 2025

Soft 3-amidoquinuclidine quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) with dual antibacterial mode of action and reduced toxicity.
Navigating the dichotomy of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species: detection strategies and therapeutic interventions
Authors: Baruah Prayasee , Padhi Dikshaa , Moorthy Hariharan , Ramesh Madhu , Govindaraju T.
Published: January 2025

Reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species (RONSS) collectively encompasses a variety of energetically dynamic entities that emerge as inherent characteristics of aerobic life. This broad category includes reactive oxygen species...
The VELOCE modulation zoo
Authors: Netzel H. , Anderson R. I. , Viviani G.
Published: January 2025

Context. Line splitting in spectral lines is observed in various types of stars due to phenomena such as shocks, spectroscopic binaries, magnetic fields, spots, and nonradial modes. In pulsating stars, line splitting is often attributed to pulsation-induced shocks. However, this is rarely observed in classical Cepheids, with only a few reports; these include X Sagittarii and BG Crucis, where it has been linked to atmospheric shocks.

Aims. We aim to investigate line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru using spectroscopic time series and search for similar phenomena in other classical Cepheids.

Methods. High signal-to-noise cross-correlation-function (CCF) time series from the VELOcities of CEpheids (VELOCE) project are analyzed. This dataset spans several years, allowing us to study the periodicities and evolution of CCF features. For X Sgr and BG Cru, we performed a detailed analysis of the individual components of the split CCFs. Additionally, we searched for periodicities in CCF variations and examined other classical Cepheids for distortions resembling unresolved line splitting.

Results. We confirm line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru, trace the features over time, and uncover the periodicity behind them. Several other Cepheids also exhibit CCF humps, suggesting unresolved or marginally resolved line splitting. We discuss the incidence and characteristics of these stars.

Conclusions. The periodicity of line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru differs significantly from the dominant pulsation period, ruling out pulsation-induced shocks. The periodicities are too short for rotation-related phenomena, suggesting nonradial modes as the most likely explanation, though their exact nature remains unknown. We also identify humps in six additional stars, indicating an incidence rate of 3% in the VELOCE sample.
The impact of the variation in vertical load and the presence of openings on the mechanical response of masonry walls
Authors: Khanfri Chaimae , Mouhat Ouadia , Elrhaffari Younes , El Mennaouy Fatima , Rougui Mohamed
Published: January 2025

This article aims to analyse the mechanical response of masonry walls under cyclic loading using the finite element method with Abaqus software. The proposed model has been validated using available numerical and experimental results. This work provides an in-depth study of the cracking modes of masonry walls based on different vertical loads and the presence of openings. By using numerical simulations, it identifies the types of cracks that develop, their propagation, and their interaction with the structure. A parametric study will then be conducted to assess the influence of variations in vertical load and the effect of openings on the behaviour of the walls. Load-displacement curves and failure modes are presented and analysed. The results show that these parameters have a significant impact on wall behaviour. Specifically, an increase in vertical load improves the wall's resistance, while openings create weakness zones that promote degradation and reduce strength. A thorough understanding of the behaviour of unreinforced masonry structures is essential for making informed decisions regarding restoration methods.
Unidirectional Alleviation of the Diffraction Limit in Geometrically Anisotropic Photonics
Authors: El Badri Youssef , Mangach Hicham , Belkacem Abdelhaq , Oubeniz Hammou , Bouzid Abdenbi , Achaoui Younes
Published: January 2025

Rationally constructed materials have enabled access to optical capabilities beyond nature’s limitations, thanks to advances made in both theory and experiment. These synthetic composites allow subwavelength confinement of electromagnetic energy and facilitate unparalleled control over different aspects of electromagnetic waves (polarization, amplitude, frequency, etc.). However, the diffraction phenomenon is severely hindering the efficacy and performance of dielectric photonic components. Diffraction causes the electromagnetic wave to spread and deviate from its intended path, thereby, making the collimated light beam scatter, leading to lower power density and inaccurate targeting. This is particularly detrimental for applications requiring precise control of high-frequency with shorter wavelengths. Herein, we report on the effect of anisotropic geometrical scaling of dielectric photonic crystals to alleviate the diffraction barrier along the Γ → X path of the irreducible Brillouin region. Thus, achieving the long-sought goal of high-frequency electromagnetic wave steering. We harness the full weight of modal and harmonic analysis based on the Finite Element Method to demonstrate that scaling the direction perpendicular to the wave’s propagation reduced by fourfold the diffraction limit from 100 THz to 400 THz.
Transition of thermally induced flow in a square cavity using Spectral Method
Authors: Laasl Boutayna , Hilali Youssef , Mesmoudi Said , Askour Omar , Bourihane Oussama
Published: January 2025

This study presents a novel mesh-free method for simulating natural convection in a square cavity filled with Newtonian fluid. The proposed algorithm integrates mesh-free Spectral methods with the Moving Collocation Element (MCOE) technique and employs a strong formulation to solve the nonlinear governing equations. Parametric analysis shows that increasing Rayleigh numbers significantly enhance the average Nusselt number, indicating a shift to convection-dominated heat transfer. Validation against benchmark solutions confirms the method’s accuracy and efficiency.
Solar Radiation Prediction Using Decision Tree and Random Forest Models in Open-Source Software
Authors: Tucumbi Lisbeth , Guano Jefferson , Salazar-Achig Roberto , Jiménez J. Diego L.
Published: January 2025

The present research focuses on solar radiation prediction, which is important for energy production in thermal and solar systems. For this purpose, open-source software (Python) and a methodology involving the creation, implementation, and testing of specific machine learning models random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT) were used. The metrics used to identify the effectiveness of the models in predicting solar radiation were the coefficient (R2), the mean square error (MSE), and the mean absolute error (MAE). The evaluation of the two methods is presented in three cases: for one, two, and seven days. The results show that the RF model has better results than the DT, with MAE and MSE values of 36.96 and 4238.77, respectively, and a determination coefficient of 0.96. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate model based on the prediction horizon to estimate solar availability and improve solar and thermal energy system planning.
Enhancement of Electrical Parameter Extraction from Solar Cells Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm with the Levenberg-Marquardt Method
Authors: Herbazi Rachid , Amechnoue Khalid , Chahboun Adil
Published: January 2025

Accurate modeling and simulation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are critical for optimizing their performance and efficiency. This requires precise determination of electrical parameters of solar cells, such as photocurrent (Iph), saturation current (I0), series resistance (Rs), shunt resistance (Rsh), and ideality factor (n). Traditional numerical methods for parameter extraction often face limitations in complexity, speed, and assumption dependencies. To address these issues, this study proposes a hybrid method that combines a genetic algorithm with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (GALM) for solar cell parameter extraction. The genetic algorithm provides a robust initial estimate of the parameters, which is then refined by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to achieve high accuracy. The performance of the proposed GALM method is validated using experimental data from a 57-mm silicon solar cell from R.T.C. France. Results indicate that the GALM method achieves one of the lowest RMSE values compared to other optimization techniques, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately extracting solar cell parameters and closely matching the experimental I-V data. This contributes significantly to optimizing the performance and efficiency of PV systems.
Optimal active and reactive power dispatch in the presence of wind farms using voltage indicators and metaheuristic methods
Authors: Cherkaoui Nazha , Belfqih Abdelaziz , Hadjoudja Abdelkader
Published: January 2025

Wind power plants penetration into power grids has grown considerably due to the fact of being cheap and clean. As a result, many countries require that the wind turbines must be capable of offering ancillary services such as reactive power control and voltage regulation. Furthermore, some voltage stability indices rely on both reactive and active power; consequently, it is useful to take also into account the active power during the planning stage so as to fulfil the load requirement and to enhance the voltage stability. The present study intends to present an optimization algorithm permitting to diminish the electrical losses and enhance the voltage profile by getting the fittest allocation of active power production of traditional generators and wind power plants. Besides, wind farms reactive power injection is determined. To verify the proposed algorithm, a 40 MW wind farm (WF) made up of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and the 14 IEEE bus system are used. In the case study, three different metaheuristic methods are used to resolve the objective function. Finally, the simulation results are reported.
Parametric study of quarter-wave resonators for sound-proofing building structures
Authors: Idrissi Majid , Lemkalli Brahim , Mir Abdellah , Bouzid Abdenbi , Achaoui Younes
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the parametric analysis of a quarter-wave resonator integrated into a brick structure for optimized acoustic isolation in buildings. Starting with a brick of 100 mm thickness and period, the quarter-wave resonator was designed and parametrized. The optimization process yielded significant results, achieving an attenuation of approximately -87 dB with a bandgap width of 82%, surpassing the -72.55 dB attenuation provided by the mass law of the brick alone. These findings highlight the potential of the optimized resonator structure to enhance acoustic isolation, making it a promising solution for noise control in urban environments.
Spectral method for bending analysis of rectangular functionally graded plates
Authors: Hammou Amina , Hilali Youssef , Mesmoudi Said , Boujmal Radouane , Askour Omar , Bourihane Oussama
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the bending behavior of functionally graded rectangular plates using the spectral collocation method to offer precise modeling. We apply the First-order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) to accurately capture the effects of shear deformation in our plate behavior models. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a comparison of the results obtained with those of literature.
Toddler feeding, WASH conditions, and clinical complaints during the 2024 flash flood disaster in Jorong Galuang, Sungai Pua District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra
Authors: Asbi Shinta , Rachmawati Masnadi Nice , Mayetti
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the impact of flash floods in Jorong Galuang, Sungai Pua, particularly on toddler nutrition, water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH), and clinical health. A qualitative study conducted through interviews and direct observation, data were collected from mothers of toddlers, health officers, midwives, and NGO representatives AIMI. Despite the absence of dedicated MPASI kitchens during the disaster, toddlers did not experience significant difficulties with feeding due to aid from NGOs and the availability of undamaged kitchens in some homes. Water access remained sufficient through local springs and additional supplies from the PMI (
Palang Merah Indonesia), although hygiene practices, particularly handwashing, were inadequate. Clinical complaints among toddlers were predominantly respiratory issues, including coughs and colds, with a few cases of diarrhea reported.
Reducing workplace accidents in a cement company by assessment of physical and mental workload: A case study
Authors: Triawan Fandy , Wirdianto Eri , Fithri Prima , Rizky Muhammad
Published: January 2025

As one of the leading cement companies in Indonesia, PT Semen Padang is known for its extensive distribution network. As the largest cement factory, the employees at this company engage in work that requires a high level of physical and mental effort. Although the tasks performed by the employees may be similar, the experience of psychological workload can vary greatly among them. The TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) and AFR (Alternative Fuel and Raw Material) departments in the company have several routine activities carried out daily. The numerous job demands that require physical exertion within limited time constraints can lead to a high workload level for employees in TPM and AFR. This workload is not limited to physical aspects but also includes psychological impacts that can disrupt employees’s concentration and performance. In this study, questionnaires were given to 7 employees from TPM and 7 employees from AFR. Based on the research conducted on physical workload using the CVL method, AFR employees experienced more physical workload compared to TPM employees. In terms of mental workload, using the NASA-TLX method, both TPM and AFR employees had 2 employees each with very high mental workload.
Effectiveness of earthquake drains in mitigating liquefaction-induced settlement
Authors: Salimah A’isyah , Yelvi  , Andienti Meidi , Adi Prakoso Widjojo , Rahayu Wiwik
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the effectiveness of earthquake drains in mitigating liquefaction and examines their performance at specific frequencies in loose and medium-dense sediments. Two lab-scale shake table single-axis test series were conducted to assess this: one without mitigation and another using earthquake drains. Both models were instrumented and subjected to consistent shaking sequences at 1 Hz and 1.2 Hz frequencies. The results revealed reduced excess pore-water pressure generation around the drains due to the rapid dissipation of pore pressures during shaking. Additionally, the excess pore water pressure increased more slowly with the drains, as they allowed partial dissipation of pressure through drainage. Earthquake drains significantly reduced liquefaction potential, particularly in the middle area, where conditions shifted from liquefied to non-liquefied. Furthermore, ground treated with drains exhibited less differential settlement than untreated ground. The use of drains resulted in settlements being retrieved by 2% to 15% more than untreated conditions. The drains effectively mitigated the post-shaking liquefaction-induced settlement mechanisms. While this study demonstrates earthquake drains as a reliable and efficient measure for reducing liquefaction-induced settlement, further research is necessary to optimize their design and application.
Lessons learnt from community preparedness for Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi eruption disasters
Authors: Istijono Bambang , Fauzi  , Al Giffari Muhammad , Hadiyansyah Dian , Andriani  , Silmi Surjandari Niken , Prastiyo Anggih , de Luna Era Marlon
Published: January 2025

Mount Merapi, located on the border of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and Mount Marapi in West Sumatra are active volcanoes. Eruption activities will have positive and negative impacts on the surrounding environment. The eruptions of Marapi on December 3, 2023, and Merapi on March 4, 2024, caused severe damage to road infrastructure, buildings, bridges, and settlements and resulted in casualties. This article describes the experiences of communities after the eruption of the two volcanoes. This research uses a combination of literature review and field observation methods to analyze how communities in the Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi areas prepare for disasters. The results of this study show that to increase community resilience to volcanic disasters and flash floods triggered by Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi, collaboration between the government, disaster agencies, and local residents is essential. Measures that can be taken are proactive evacuation protocols, infrastructure development such as sabo dams, and continuous education to increase awareness and preparedness. Recommendations include more intensive cooperation, educational initiatives, and strategic relocation from high-risk zones to effectively protect vulnerable communities.
Analysis of student preparedness behaviour in facing lava rainfall disasters
Authors: Hadiyati Nur Hafida Siti , Dila Putri Yuliani Ayu , Dahniar Vina , Mulia Iqlimah Aghnia , Regita Sukamto Rachma , Musiyam Muhammad , Nasurullah
Published: January 2025

Students are vulnerable to natural disasters. This is further exacerbated by the large number of schools located in disaster-prone areas, so student preparedness behaviour needs to be continuously improved. This study aims to determine the level of preparedness, awareness, action, and effect students have in dealing with the volcanic eruption of Mount Merapi. This study used quantitative research; the instrument used was a questionnaire made by taking samples at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Salam. The sampling method was stratified random sampling from students in grades 10, 11, and 12. The assessment of students’ preparedness behaviour in dealing with rain lava was based on four variables: preparedness, awareness, action, and affect. Then, each variable was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple correlation analysis. The study results show that the relationship between preparedness, awareness, action, and affect shows a strong level of closeness with a value of 0.680. The study identifies critical gaps in knowledge and behavioural responses that must be addressed to enhance overall preparedness behaviour. The results underscore the importance of targeted educational interventions and community engagement in fostering a culture of resilience among students in disaster-prone areas.
Assessment of seismic performance of low-rise reinforced concrete frame structures with masonry infill using fragility curves
Authors: Septriyeni Afrizal Azia , Tanjung Jafril , Sunaryati Jati
Published: January 2025

The seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame structures with masonry infill is a critical area of study due to the complex interactions between the infill and the structural frame during seismic events. This study evaluates the impact of masonry infills on the seismic performance of RC frames by utilizing fragility curves, which are developed through pushover analysis. The presence of masonry infill can significantly enhance the stiffness and strength of reinforced concrete frames; however, it can also lead to unexpected failure modes and reduced ductility. The fragility curves generated provide a probabilistic assessment of damage at different seismic intensity levels, offering valuable insights into the vulnerabilities and resilience of these structures. The findings from this study highlight the importance of considering masonry infill in the design and assessment of RC frames for seismic resistance, and they contribute to the development of more effective seismic design strategies and retrofitting measures for buildings in earthquake-prone regions.
Identification of post-disaster housing reconstruction using a lean reconstruction approach (case study: Pasaman earthquake in 2022)
Authors: Midya Octavia Dyla , Ophiyandri Taufika
Published: January 2025

Housing reconstruction for affected communities is a priority need following a disaster. Mechanisms and strategic steps for implementation are needed to ensure that the handling is quicker and more targeted. This aligns with the lean principle of “Let the customer pull—do not make anything until it is needed, then make it quickly,” and pursue perfection through continuous improvement. This research aims to identify the stages and mechanisms of housing reconstruction implementation in West Pasaman following the earthquake disaster in 2022 through a lean reconstruction approach. This research is part of a study on developing a lean reconstruction model for post-disaster housing reconstruction in Indonesia. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. The study results indicate that implementing post-disaster housing reconstruction in Pasaman has not met the lean principle, with several stages being repeated so that it can be classified as a wasteful process. The main problem that causes the repetition of the process is the problem of data collection. In addition, the distribution pattern of post-disaster housing reconstruction assistance has several weaknesses at various stages, so the final value of recipient satisfaction cannot be fully achieved.
Landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto City
Authors: Haqia Purnama Tirza , Ekha Putera Roni , Koeswara Hendri
Published: January 2025

The research aims to analyze the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto. Motivated by the high risk of landslides in Sawahlunto. Efforts are needed to reduce the risk of landslides by implementing the theory used of W.N. Carter’s theory of non-structural and structural disaster mitigation. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques using interviews, documentation, and observation. This is concluded that the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto has been running, but the implementation has not been optimal. Several things, non-structural, cause this: In the legal framework, a lack of understanding of policies that contain appropriate mitigation as well as the role of each agency or institution; the disaster risk reduction forum (FPRB) has been formed at the level, but at the village level only has a disaster preparedness group (KSB); the lack of implementation of disaster mitigation measures by the community. Structural disaster mitigation activities are still inadequate, as seen from the unavailability of vertical evacuation buildings. Efforts that can be made to support the implementation of landslide disaster mitigation in Sawahlunto include reviewing mitigation policy documents, increasing the capacity of FPRB, and collaborating with various parties to support the implementation of disaster mitigation.
The incidence and characteristics of acute respiratory infection (ARI) after the earthquake in West Pasaman and Pasaman Districts, West Sumatra Province in 2022
Authors: Isnaini  , Fitry Yani Finny , Dianne Jurnalis Yusri , Mariko Rinang
Published: January 2025

In February 2022, an earthquake struck Pasaman City in West Sumatra and caused outbreaks of infectious diseases such as acute respiratory infections (ARI). Method: This study used an ecological design by collecting data on the population in West Pasaman and Pasaman Regency in 2022. 13 subjects in West Pasaman and 16 subjects in Pasaman were obtained. ARI cases were mostly found in the female (51.7%) and in the >5 years old group (55.2%). The nutritional status was mostly found in the undernourished category (79.3%). There was no significant relationship between the location of natural disasters and fever or cough in ARI patients (>0.05). Most subjects had a cold (75.9%). Most ARI patients from West Pasaman do not have families with smoking habits (84.6%), while most ARI patients from Pasaman have families with smoking habits (87.5%). There is a significant relationship between the location of natural disasters and families with smoking habits in ARI patients (<0.05). The prevalence of post-earthquake ARI in West Pasaman District and Pasaman Regency was higher among females, particularly in over 5 years old. The affected individuals had low nutritional status, with most of them had cold.
The effect of airflow on HAIs risk in hospital: A review
Authors: Kristiawan Ardjito , Suhartono Suhartono , Adhipireno Purwanto
Published: January 2025

HAIs (Healthcare Associated Infections) are infections that are acquired when a person (host) receives health services that result in increased cost, extended Length Of Stay, and even death. This paper review a way to reduced the risk of airborne HAIs transmission based on a number of journals on management that regulates incoming and outgoing air to eliminate or reduce the number of infectious agents in indoor air to reduce the incidence of HAIs through indoor air management in health care. Ensuring that indoor air quality is good with sufficient ACH and low AOA, so that it is safe for patients, staff, and others who are at the health care location.
Organic disinfectant using coconut shell liquid smoke in the chicken slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Cortheo Donny Yuslan , Budiyono  , Sutaryo
Published: January 2025

Wastewater treatment in Chicken Slaughterhouse is absolutely necessary because it has a very positive impact on environmental preservation and helps remove pathogenic organisms in wastewater before being discharged into the environment. Currently, wastewater treatment still uses chlorine as a disinfectant. However, chlorine has a bad effect on the environment, the purpose of this research is to use an alternative organic material that functions as a disinfectant as coconut shell liquid smoke. This study also observe the effect of using liquid smoke on the value of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) on the output of wastewater.. This experimental research method uses a chemical method by taking samples of wastewater and adding two different doses of liquid smoke and testing for BOD and COD values. With a dose of 0.5% can reduce the COD value by 35% but increase the BOD value by 234%, and a dose of 1% it increases the BOD value by 195% and increases the COD value by 170%. This will allow for further research with the appropriate dosage to understand its relationship to water quality and its connection to environmental sustainability.
Green building assessment tools in Indonesia: A systematic literature review and comparative analysis
Authors: Lendra Lendra , Jesica Jesica , Agung Wibowo Mochamad , Hatmoko Jati Utomo Dwi , Andi Andi
Published: January 2025

This study reviews the utilization and effectiveness of green building assessment tools in Indonesia by systematically analyzing four primary tools: EDGE, Greenship Existing Building, Greenship New Building, and MAGC. Using the PRISMA methodology, articles published between 2019 and 2024 were selected, and a bibliometric analysis was conducted with VOSviewer. Analyzing 34 case studies reveals a predominant focus on the operational phase of green building implementation, which accounts for 47% of the research, highlighting the importance of energy efficiency and resource management. The comparative analysis identifies that while Greenship tools dominate the planning and construction phases, EDGE excels in operational energy efficiency for educational and medical buildings, whereas MAGC is preferred for commercial buildings and public facilities. These findings suggest that no single tool is universally applicable across all contexts, emphasizing the need for tailored assessments based on specific project types. For policymakers, it is crucial to promote these assessment tools through incentives and resources. Developers and practitioners should enhance their understanding and training on these tools. Additionally, significant research gaps remain in underrepresented sectors, such as transportation and sports facilities, indicating that future studies should explore these areas for a comprehensive integration of the building lifecycle phases.
Probabilistic-fuzzy programming model with chance-constrained to optimize wastewater treatment plants: A case study with the Bantul wastewater treatment plant layout
Authors: Armanda Adiqya May Dwi , Sutrisno  , Sunarsih  , Widowati  , Kartono
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a novel optimization approach, employing chance-constrained probabilistic-fuzzy uncertain programming, to enhance the efficiency of facultative ponds in wastewater management systems. Unlike traditional deterministic or stochastic models, this approach integrates both probabilistic and fuzzy uncertainties capturing real-world variations in Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) degradation rates and wastewater loads. The model addresses the decision-making scenario where some uncertain parameters, like the rate of BOD reduction, are probabilistic with some probability density functions, and some other uncertain parameters, like wastewater load, are represented as fuzzy variables with membership functions determined by the decision-maker. Amid this uncertainty, the goal is to maximize the volume of wastewater treated while maintaining adequate safety margins via chance-based rules is implemented to the objective and the constraints. Using the layout of the Bantul residential wastewater treatment plant located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, this research succeeded in determining optimal decisions regarding processing time and wastewater flow rate. Consequently, it is inferred that the developed model effectively resolves the problem at hand, rendering it applicable for decision-makers in similar contexts.
Mitigating the implementation of SDGs program no. 13 in Indonesia: An overview of social dynamics and local wisdom
Authors: Negara Anita Puspita , Ariza Irena Sulistya , Nurjaya Luh Asri Ningsih Widhi , Ubaidillah Moh. Farich , Wijaya Rama , Lestari Vissia Poppy Puspita , Saputro Erwan Adi , Sukirmiyadi  , Nurherdiana Silvana Dwi
Published: January 2025

This review critically examines the role of local wisdom in enhancing climate action as part of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 13 in Indonesia. The review explores key sectors including waste management, forest fire prevention, population dynamics, food security, and urban planning. Findings highlight that while local wisdom-based practices like “Tri Hita Karana” and customary land-use regulations are effective in mitigating environmental damage, scaling these approaches across diverse communities remains a challenge. Additionally, law enforcement against forest burning, coupled with traditional restorative justice, has shown promise in reducing environmental degradation. This review identifies significant gaps in policy integration, particularly in aligning local wisdom with national climate goals. Recommendations emphasize a more structured policy framework that incorporates traditional practices alongside modern mitigation strategies. This study aims to provide actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, offering a roadmap for integrating cultural heritage with climate action while also suggesting areas for future research in scaling up local initiatives.
Environmental disclosure practices in mining sector companies in Indonesia
Authors: Fajarini Sri Wahyuningrum Indah , Oktavilia Shanty , Suryarini Trisni , Wahyudin Agus , Reswari Hasna Pratista Ardhana , Putri Wulandari Marceylla
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the environmental disclosure practices of mining sector companies in Indonesia. The report also explores the determinants that influence environmental disclosure: profitability, company size, company age, and environmental performance. This research uses a sample of 45 mining sector companies listed on the IDX for 2020-2022. The collected data is analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that environmental disclosure in Indonesia, based on the GRI Standards 2021, remains relatively low. Company size has a positive effect on environmental disclosure, whereas profitability, company age, and environmental performance do not have an impact on environmental disclosure.
Evaluation of PROPER (business performance rating on environmental management) in Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Sudharto P. , Prabawani Bulan , Ainuddin Ilham , Qomariah Anis
Published: January 2025

Proper or Business Performance Rating on Environmental Management is a program promoted by Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia since 1997. Since 2013, innovation was the framework of proper in which participating companies pursue green and gold rank or beyond compliance must adopt eco-innovation and social innovation. In 2023 the number of participating companies reach to 3694 industries. The benefits of achieving gold rank of proper include access to financial institution and investors, and create a good relation with stakeholders. This paper observes the development of proper and analyses the issues arise. The type of research is descriptive analysis relying on secondary data from Proper Secretariat and observation during the presentation of candidate gold rank. The research shows that the number of participants of Proper have been growing, however the level of compliance is declined. With the large number of gold candidate rank, there was no opportunity for the evaluator to do site visit confirming the report with the actual performance. The decentralization and the involvement of more experts in evaluating Proper is required to maintain and to improve Proper as an instrument for achieving business sustainability.
Economic sustainability and community support by ex-migrants in rural communities in Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Sandiatmo Suyanto , Priyadi Budi Puspo , Falah Fajrul , Purwanti Tari , Putri Carolina Retmawati
Published: January 2025

This study explores the experiences of ex-migrant workers in Batukliang, Central Lombok, as they transition from overseas workforce to local entrepreneurship. With a focus on the challenges and motivations behind their entrepreneurial endeavours, the research delves into how these individuals leverage their skills, experiences, and limited resources to establish sustainable businesses in their home communities. Through purposive sampling, 24 ex-migrants participating in the Desmigrative program were interviewed, revealing a common thread of resilience and adaptability in the face of economic and regulatory constraints. The findings highlight the critical role of community support and the need for government intervention in encouraging these entrepreneurial activities. Despite the hurdles of minimal capital and limited land, these entrepreneurs contribute significantly to local economic development, particularly through small-scale enterprises such as brick molding, gardening, and poultry farming. The study underscores the importance of targeted policies and initiatives that enhance the capacity of ex-migrant entrepreneurs, ensuring their contributions to the community’s economic stability and sustainability.
Elemental analysis and hardness characterization of fermented green arabica coffee bean using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Hartadi Beny Sulistyo , Ikhwani Rauzatul , Abdulmadjid Syahrun Nur
Published: January 2025

By applying fermentation, the value of Gayo Arabica coffee can increase nearly fourfold. This study aims to differentiate green bean coffee of ordinary (unfermented) and wine (fermented) types using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Visual distinction between the two is challenging, but LIBS enables element identification through spectral characteristics. Green bean samples were analyzed using LIBS under optimized conditions of 120 mJ laser energy and 1,000 ns delay time. Elements such as C, H, N, O, Ca, Mg, Na, K, W, and Rb were detected in both types. The spectral intensity of Ca was notably higher in ordinary coffee, with the Ca (II)/Ca (I) ratio 2.2 times that of fermented coffee, indicating a softer structure in fermented beans. This study demonstrates the potential of LIBS for distinguishing spectral characteristics of Gayo Arabica green beans.