bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speaker knowledgeability and informativity inferences
Authors: Rees Alice , Reksnes Vilde R. S. , Rohde Hannah
Published: February 2025

Conversational partners expect each other to communicate rationally and cooperatively and to contribute relevant and informative utterances. Often however, listeners infer additional meaning over and above the explicit content of an utterance. The present study investigates how speaker characteristics influence inferencing. Experiment 1 (N=205) demonstrates that when produced by knowledgeable speakers utterances such as “the library walls are blue” are more likely to be understood as conveying that the library walls have changed. Experiment 2 (N=205) finds that these inferences are more likely to arise when produced by a speaker who is not typically very chatty; reticent speakers have a higher threshold of what is considered an appropriate conversational contribution. Taken together, the findings from these studies demonstrate that listeners have pervasive expectations of cooperativity and if conversational contributions fail to satisfy this then listeners will engage in sophisticated reasoning to reconcile the mismatch between expectations and input.
Compositional Inequality: Measurement, Stylized Facts, and Theoretical Aspects
Authors: Fisher Carolyn , Ranaldi Marco
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the concept, measurement, principal stylized facts, and theoretical aspects of compositional inequality. Compositional inequality refers to how the shares of capital and labor income vary along the income distribution. This analysis is valuable for several reasons. From a macroeconomic perspective, it elucidates the link between functional and personal distributions of income, which is crucial for addressing the drivers of income inequality in a context rising capital share. From a comparative economic perspective, it locates economic systems on the continuum between two extremes: classical capitalism, where the rich earn predominantly from capital and the poor from labor, and new capitalism, where the composition of capital and labor is uniform across the distribution. We refer to the entire range of systems along this continuum as the distributional varieties of capitalism. Recent empirical studies indicate that, in most countries, we are far from classical capitalism, though with notable exceptions, such as Latin American countries.This underscores the need to evaluate the benefits of compositional equality. The paper concludes that compositional equality is desirable for at least two reasons: it promotes fairness and supports an inclusive, profit-driven regime of accumulation and growth. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
A Cross-sectional Investigation of the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Financial Performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: G.C. Prakash
Published: February 2025

The study aims to investigate how commercial banks' financial performance in Nepal relates to corporate governance policies. The study uses a cross-sectional survey comprising 317 commercial bank stakeholders – employees, shareholders, and consumers among others. Field surveys helped to compile the data. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis have helped to examine the acquired data. The results show that although commercial banks' corporate governance policies are sufficient, they could need improvement. Advancement of ideal board composition and structure, enhancement of disclosure and transparency, and protection of shareholder interests should take the front stage. Good financial performance corresponds favourably with the application of efficient governance policies. The study results have several consequences for legislators and authorities aiming to enhance the commercial banks' governance in Nepal.
Panchakosha: Foundations for Holistic Child Development
Authors: Chapagain Purushottam
Published: February 2025

The Panchakosha theory, a cornerstone of ancient wisdom, offers a comprehensive framework for understanding the multifaceted nature of human beings emphasizing the nurturing of all five layers of being. This theory's application in education can revolutionize the way we approach child development, integrating the physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual dimensions. By incorporating elements such as Yoga Nidra, meditation, yoga philosophy, and mindful nutrition, educators can foster holistic growth in children and instill valuable social and personal disciplines promoting better concentration, calmness, and improved learning and memory. Educational philosophies from both Eastern and Western traditions, including contributions from notable thinkers, shape diverse and effective teaching methods. This article delves into the practical ways in which the Panchakosha Theory can be applied to education, offering insights into yogic practices, storytelling, and pedagogical strategies that align with both Eastern and Western educational philosophies.
TVET in Nepal: Scope and the Associated Challenges
Authors: Koirala Sambedan
Published: February 2025

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) equips individuals with specific skills required for the job market. It also provides a workforce that is needed for employment generation, entrepreneurship, and industrial growth.  During the pre-agricultural stage of society, human beings used to practice the on-the-job phenomenon to learn the basic and necessary skills required for survival and cultural continuity.  As society changed, vocational education also evolved in the form of formal and informal apprenticeships, oral tradition, and experiential learning.  In Nepal, the establishment of the Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) officially ensured that long and short courses offered by technical schools produce skillful human resources that are needed for the economic growth of the country. 
Despite the growth in technical schools across the years, this article shows that TVET has not been able to bridge the gap between demand and supply of the workforce.  This article has used secondary data to examine the status of population demographics and employment rate and also has explored the enrolment capacity versus actual enrollment in technical schools.  In addition, this study has also explored the status of instructors in technical schools.  Based on the secondary data, this study concludes that there is a need for a nationwide debate along with a plan of action to improve all aspects of TVET programs if Nepal aims to cultivate self-reliant and self-employed individuals as a way of reducing unemployment in the country.
झल्को बालउपन्यासको पर्यावरणीय सन्दर्भ
Authors: खनाल Khanal राजेन्द्र  Rajendra
Published: February 2025

प्रस्तुत लेखमा ‘झल्को’ बालउपन्यासमा समावेश गरिएका पर्यावरणीय सन्दर्भको पहिचान गरी तिनको विश्लेषण  गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा लेखिएको यस आलेखमा निर्दिष्ट उपन्यासमा समाविष्ट पर्यावरणीय विषयवस्तु उल्लेख भएका कथन वा भाषिक तथ्य प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा रहेका छन् । पर्यावरणीय समालोचनासँग सम्बन्धित सैद्धान्तिक ग्रन्थ, लेख तथा प्रतिवेदनलाई द्वितीयक स्रोत सामग्रीका रूपमा उपयोग गरिएको छ । आलोचनात्मक विश्लेषण प्रक्रिया अवलम्बन गरी तयार पारिएको यस लेखमा निर्दिष्ट पुस्तकका पर्यावरणीय विषयवस्तु मूल तथ्य बनेका छन् । निर्दिष्ट कृतिमा पर्यावरण र मानिसबिचको सम्बन्ध, सामाजिक एवम् सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणका विषयवस्तु र पर्यावरणीय संरक्षणमामुद्दा प्रस्तुतिका साथै पर्यावरणको संरक्षणका प्रौढ तथा बालबालिका सक्रिय रहेको देखाउँदै उक्त चेतनाको प्रबलीकरण पनि गरिएको छ । यसमा पर्यावरणीय पक्ष एवम् मानिसको सम्बन्ध अन्योन्याश्रित रहेको जनाउँदै मानिसको जीवनयापनमा पर्यावरणको प्रमुख भूमिका भएको विचार र नेपालका सामाजिक एवम् सांस्कृतिक विषयवस्तुमा आधारित परिवेशसहित मानिसका लागि तिनको भूमिका दर्साइएको छ । जन्मदिनको उत्सव मनाउँदा होस् वा मृत्यु संस्कारका सन्दर्भ वृक्षरोपण गर्ने परम्परा विकास गर्नुपर्ने सन्देश सरल र स्वाभाविक किसिमले अभिव्यक्त भएको ‘झल्को’ बालउपन्यास पर्यावरणीय दृष्टिलेसान्दर्भिक तथा उपयोगी कृति बनेको देखिन्छ । समग्रमा बालबालिकामा पर्यावरणीय सचेतना निर्माण गर्दै नेपाली मौलिक संस्कृतिको विकासका लागि विश्लेष्य कृतिमा पर्यावरणीय सन्दर्भ पहिचान गर्ने अभीष्ट राखिएको छ ।
Jedno medium nie wystarcza. Z Jadwigą Sawicką rozmawia Anna Kałuża
Authors: Sawicka Jadwiga , Kałuża Anna
Published: February 2025

Rozmowa Anny Kałuży z Jadwigą Sawicką, malarką, autorką instalacji tekstowych, fotografii i obiektów, dotyczy przede wszystkim relacji między obiektami wizualnymi (obrazowymi) a tekstowymi (piśmiennymi). Sawicka, odnosząc się do swoich prac (między innymi Lucky You, Halka, Spódnica, Sama w lesie, Sama w domu, kolażu wideo), opowiada o związkach między ubraniami i znakami oraz literami i obrazami. Rozmowa toczy się również wokół zagadnienia polityczności sztuki, jej instytucjonalnych uwarunkowań, a także różnych sposobów widzenia językowego kontekstu obrazów.
I-granie z tekstem. Próba strukturalnej analizy relacji znaczeniowych w tekstach cyfrowych
Authors: Lechowski Artur
Published: February 2025

Odpowiedź na pytanie o nowe sytuacje komunikacyjne, w które wpisuje nas interaktywna fikcja, pozwala zrozumieć, jakimi metodami kulturowego wyrazu posługujemy się, aby dopasować język sztuki do nowych oczekiwań odbiorczych. Analizie należy poddać przede wszystkim relacje znakowe, jakie powstają na styku triadycznej relacji: autor – maszyna – odbiorca. Artykuł stanowi próbę strukturalnej analizy przejawów cyfrowej tekstualności. Do podkreślenia sensotwórczych własności interaktywnego języka wykorzystano metodologię literaturoznawczą. Relacje strukturalne omówiono na przykładach zaczerpniętych z gier wideo. Opisano również semiotyczne możliwości języka naturalnego i kodu programistycznego, a także podniesiono kwestię narracyjności dzieł interaktywnych. Poruszony został też problem współczesnych kompetencji odbiorczych na przykładzie tzw. poezji kodu. W tekście zamieszczono ponadto autorski model relacji strukturalno-semiotycznych, który służy do nakreślenia sytuacji nadawczo-odbiorczej w interaktywnym tekście cyfrowym.
Obraz śląskiego patrioty w rodzinnej narracji biograficznej – przypadek Władysława Michejdy
Authors: Sadzikowska Lucyna
Published: February 2025

W artykule, będącym efektem kwerendy w Archiwum Państwowego Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau w Oświęcimiu, podjęto próbę rekonstrukcji obrazu ojca, Władysława Michejdy, wyłaniającego się z narracji jego córki Barbary Michejdy-Pinno. Relacja, która została spisana w 2000 roku, wzbudza zainteresowanie z kilku powodów: odsłania prywatny wizerunek jednego z bardziej zasłużonych dla spraw Kościoła ewangelickiego na Śląsku prawnika, buduje definicję patriotyzmu rozumianego jako oddana służba i praca na rzecz lokalnej społeczności oraz przybiera formę wyartykułowanych spostrzeżeń i obserwacji poczynionych z perspektywy kilkudziesięciu lat. Przekazane uwagi Barbary Michejdy-Pinno nie mają na celu zbudowania ojcu swego rodzaju pomnika, lecz przypomnienie o tym śląskim patriocie. Artykuł opiera się na narratologicznej rekonstrukcji biografii Michejdy z użyciem analizy dyskursu wspomnieniowego oraz analizy tekstowej egodokumentów. Jednym z jego celów jest wstępne rozpoznanie możliwości i wiarygodności samego dyskursu patriotycznego, wyłaniającego się z rodzinnych dokumentów osobistych, pełnych nostalgii, ale i resentymentu.
Чи досягла мети масова депортація: cвідки Єгови Львівської області УРСР після операції «Північ» («Трійка») у 1951–1955 роках
Authors: Dmytryszyn Oleg
Published: February 2025

W artykule omówiono transformacje, jakie przeszła ukraińska społeczność Świadków Jehowy po akcji deportacyjnej „Północ” (lub „Trójka”) w latach 1951-1955, na przykładzie wspólnoty wyznaniowej obwodu lwowskiego Ukraińskiej SRR. Zmiany strukturalne, które nastąpiły wskutek deportacji większości rodzin wierzących na północny wschód Związku Radzieckiego oraz wskutek aresztowania mężczyzn pełniących funkcje przywódcze i kultowe w wyznaniu, doprowadziły do wielu zmian w praktykach religijnych, do komplikacji przywództwa społeczności, ograniczyły zakres pracy i skomplikowały działalność wydawniczą, ale nie powstrzymały działalności Świadków Jehowy w regionie. Przeanalizowane materiały archiwalne MGB i KGB zawierają informacje i dane o operacjach specjalnych, planach i działaniach państwa w celu zwalczania podziemia religijnego Świadków Jehowy, o agenturalnej pracy, o próbach uzasadnienia polityki represyjnej sowieckiego reżimu totalitarnego. W wyniku eksmisji wyznanie Świadków Jehowy nie zniknęło w obwodzie lwowskim, a plan przechwycenia przywództwa wspólnoty się nie powiódł. Zwolennikom grupy religijnej udało się samodzielnie zorganizować i opracować strategie przetrwania w podziemiu religijnym.
Wpływ organizacji pozarządowych na stanowienie prawa w oczach ich przedstawicieli
Authors: Wójcik Szymon
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the issue of the influence of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) on lawmaking in Poland. It presents the socio-legal context in which the advocacy function of such organisations is carried out. Based on original research conducted among representatives of Polish NGOs, the author analyses their opinions on the impact they have on the legislative process. The article also addresses the challenges faced by these organisations, including lack of funding and limited effectiveness of available legal instruments. The research shows that despite sectoral diversity and significant public support, most NGOs feel that their
influence on the legislative process is limited.
Analisis Kualitas Air Tanah di Sekitar TPST Bantargebang, Kecamatan Bantargebang, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Khairina Salsabila Anandita , Widiarti Ika Wahyuning
Published: February 2025

Tempat Pengelolaan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) Bantargebang mengelola sampah dengan volume mencapai 7.500 ton per harinya, sehingga air lindi menjadi salah satu permasalahan utama. Meskipun terdapat Instalasi Pengolahan Air Sampah (IPAS), namun tidak dipungkiri masih ada air lindi yang tidak terolah dan mencemari lingkungan sekitar. Sebagian sumur warga di sekitar lokasi penelitian telah mengalami perubahan warna air dan berbau tidak sedap. Berdasarkan hal itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meganalisis kualitas air tanah di sekitar TPST Bantargebang dibandingkan dengan baku mutu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei lapangan, metode pengambilan sampel, metode uji laboratorium, dan metode evaluasi deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel air tanah akan dilakukan dengan metode convenience sampling. Parameter yang digunakan yakni kekeruhan, zat padat terlarut (Total Dissolved Solid), air raksa, kadmium, dan zat organik (KMNO4). Hasil kualitas air menunjukkan bahwa parameter TDS melebihi baku mutu pada LP21sebesar 301 mg/L dikarenakan adanya pengaruh rembesan air lindi TPST Bantargebang. Parameter kekeruhan melebihi baku mutu pada LP3 dan LP20 dengan nilai 46,60 NTU dan 6,02 NTU. Nilai kekeruhan yang tinggi pada LP3 disebabkan kondisi sumur tidak tertutup. Selain itu, nilai kekeruhan yang melebihi baku mutu pada LP3 dan LP20 diduga disebabkan oleh limbah domestik. Parameter zat organik melebihi baku mutu pada LP3 dan LP13 dengan nilai 12 mg/L dan 13 mg/L, nilai pada LP3 diduga disebabkan oleh pencemaran limbah domestik. Sedangkan pada LP13, diduga disebabkan oleh rembesan air lindi dari tumpukan sampah rumah tangga di dekat lokasi sumur.
Analisis Tingkat Pencemaran Airtanah Akibat Limbah Industri Tekstil dengan Metode Indeks Pencemaran di Padukuhan Gejawan Kulon, Kalurahan Balecatur, Kapanewon Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Kusmiati Nikmah
Published: February 2025

Produksi tekstil biasanya dimulai dari pemintalan serat sampai kain jadi (tekstil) dengan melewati beberapa tahap proses yang semuanya berpotensi menghasilkan limbah padat, gas, maupun cair. Pada lokasi penelitian proses produksi tekstil meliputi tahap spining, tahap pemberian obat kanji, desizing, pengecekan kain, dan penggulungan kain. Obat kanji yang digunakan biasanya terdiri dari bubuk maupun lem. Larutan penghilang kanji biasanya langsung dibuang dan mengandung zat kimia, Penghilangan kanji biasanya memberikan BOD paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan proses lain. Pewarnaan dan pembilasan menghasilkan limbah cair yang berwarna dengan COD tinggi. Pada umumnya limbah cair industri tekstil mempunyai warna yang pekat, BOD, temperatur, dan bahan tersuspensi yang tinggi, serta kandungan kimia beracun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis tingkat pencemaran akibat limbah industri tekstil di Padukuhan Gewajan Kulon. Beberapa metode yang digunakan yaitu puposive sampling untuk mengambil sampel airtanah, uji laboratorium, dan metode  indeks pencemaran. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah 7 titik sumur dengan parameter uji yaitu TDS, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, Amonia, Fenol, Deterjen, dan Sulfida. Hasil analisis status mutu airtanah didapatkan dengan metode indeks pencemaran termasuk ke dalam klasifikasi tercemar sedang hingga tercemar berat dengan rentang nilai sebesar 6,0843 hingga 10,3306. Parameter yang melebiihi baku mutu yaitu pada semua sampel dengan parameter COD dan TSS, serta Amonia pada satu sampel.
Kajian Literatur Review Hubungan Urban Heat Island dan Polusi Udara
Authors: Nandita Zahra , Santoso Dian Hudawan
Published: February 2025

Fenomena Urban Heat Island saat ini telah menjadi ancaman yang nyata bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Urban Heat Island menyebabkan terjadinya degradasi lingkungan. Polusi udara menjadi salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yaitu berupa menurunnnya kualitas udara sehingga tidak layak dimanfaatkan manusia untuk bernafas. Berbagai penelitian mengungkap seberapa besar kaitan Urban Heat Island terhadap kondisi kualitas udara. Dilakukan kajian literatur review terhadap tren perkembangan penelitian Urban Heat Island dan polusi udara. Metode bibliometrik dilakukan untuk mengetahui perkembangan publikasi ilmiah dari tahun ke tahun, penulis yang dominan, negara-negara yang dominan, kebaruan penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penelusuran melalui Scopus dengan kata kunci “air AND pollution OR air AND quality AND urban AND heat AND island” dengan kategori, judul artikel, abstrak, dan kata kunci, dalam kurun waktu 1978 – 2023. Metadata disaring berdasarkan rentang tahun, subject area, tipe dokumen, kata kunci dan bahasa sehingga didapatkan 158 dokumen. Metadata diekspor dalam format CSV untuk dianalisis dengan sofware biblioshiny. Peluang kebaruan penelitian atau novelty penelitian terkait Urban Heat Island dan polusi udara dapat dihasilkan dari kajian ini. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu di daerah perkotaan (Urban Heat Island) dapat memperburuk kualitas udara dengan meningkatkan konsentrasi polutan. Penelitian ini membantu dalam menciptakan kota yang lebih berkelanjutan dan tangguh terhadap perubahan iklim dengan mengidentifikasi strategi untuk mengurangi efek Urban Heat Island dan meningkatkan kualitas udara sebagaimana SDG’s 11 dan SDG’s 13.
Analisis Tingkat Kehilangan Air Akibat Kebocoran Pipa PERUMDAM Tirta Projotamansari, Sub Unit Pulutan
Authors: Pradilla Diah Vivin , Irawan Agus Bambang
Published: February 2025

Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum (PERUMDAM) Tirta Projotamansari menjalankan usaha utamanya di bidang penyediaan air minum dan air bersih yang ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat khususnya daerah Kabupaten Bantul salah satunya adalah Padukuhan Jipangan. Pelayanan air bersih sering kali mengalami masalah dan kendala seperti tidak meratanya air sampai ke wilayah dengan tingkat elevasi muka tanah tertinggi, kebocoran pipa dan sebagainya. Kebocoran pipa sangat berpengaruh terhadap pendistribusian air PERUMDAM karena kebocoran pipa ini mengakibatkan kehilangan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa banyak kehilangan air yang terjadi di Padukuhan Jipangan akibat kebocoran pipa. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode survey dan pemetaan, metode purposive sampling, dan metode analisis deskriptif yaitu berupa analisis perhitungan kehilangan air melalui data yang dihasilkan berdasarkan hasil simulasi EPANET 2.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kehilangan air pada PERUMDAM akibat adanya kebocoran pipa. Kehilangan air yang paling besar persentasenya yaitu pada bulan November mencapai 60% pada pipa 4 yang berada di RT 2, kemudian bulan Desember kehilangan air yang paling besar mencapai 48% pada pipa 26 yang berada di RT 5, selanjutnya pada bulan Januari dan Februari kehilangan air yang paling besar berada di pipa 26 yang berada di RT 5.
Kajian Literatur Review Penelitian Pengelolaan Pencemaran Udara PM2,5 di Daerah Perkotaan
Authors: Hilmi Ichlasul Kevin , Santoso Dian Hudawan
Published: February 2025

Pencemaran udara di perkotaan telah menjadi fenomena yang umum di seluruh dunia. Pencemaran udara di perkotaan jika tidak dikelola dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas udara dan lingkungan. Salah satu parameter penting dari pencemaran udara adalah partikulat, khususnya PM2,5. Dampak PM2,5 yang tidak terkendali dapat menyebabkan kerugian bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Kajian literatur review dilakukan guna mengetahui bagaimana tren penelitian terkait pengelolaan pencemaran udara, khususnya PM2,5 di daerah perkotaan. Dengan mengetahui tren penelitian, diharapkan dapat memberikan peluang penelitian sejenis dengan kebaruan dan novelty yang baik. Kajian literatur review dilakukan dengan metode bibliometrik. Metadata dikumpulkan dari jurnal-jurnal yang terindeks Scopus. Kelebihan dari jurnal terindeks Scopus adalah metadatanya lebih lengkap sehingga mudah untuk dianalisis. Adapun kata kunci yang digunakan adalah “air AND pollution OR air AND quality AND management AND particulate AND matter OR pm OR pm2,5 AND urban AND area” dengan kategori, judul artikel, abstrak, dan kata kunci, dalam kurun waktu 1967–2024. Metadata difilter berdasarkan subject area, tipe dokumen, kata kunci, tahap publikasi, tipe sumber, dan bahasa sehingga didapatkan 220 dokumen. Metadata yang telah didapatkan kemudian diekspor dalam format CSV untuk dianalisis dengan bantuan software Biblioshiny dan VOSviewer. Hasil kajian ini tidak hanya memberikan wawasan tentang tren penelitian PM2,5 di kawasan perkotaan tetapi juga menjadi landasan penting bagi perumusan kebijakan berbasis bukti (evidence-based policy) untuk pengelolaan pencemaran udara. Dengan identifikasi tren, teknologi, dan pendekatan manajemen terkini, studi ini dapat membantu pembuat kebijakan dan praktisi lingkungan dalam merancang strategi mitigasi yang efektif, meningkatkan kualitas udara, serta mendukung pencapaian tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs), khususnya pada aspek kesehatan dan lingkungan.
Teknik Konservasi Daerah Imbuhan Mata Air Tuk Sripunganten di Kelurahan Tidar Utara, Kecamatan Magelang Selatan, Kota Magelang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Lathif Farhan Mahbudin , Wicaksono Aditya Pandu , Yudono Andi Renata Ade , Nugroho Nandra Eko , Gomareuzzaman Muammar
Published: February 2025

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang akan selalu mengalami peningkatan menyebabkan semakin berkurangnya ketersediaan air. Sumber air bersih yang digunakan oleh masyarakat di daerah penelitian lebih dari 80% bersumber dari jaringan PDAM Kota Magelang. PDAM Kota Magelang berencana menjadikan Mata Air Tuk Sripunganten sebagai sumber air baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan teknik konservasi pada daerah imbuhan mata air agar kelestarian mata air senantiasa terjaga.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain metode observasi pemetaan, metode analisis deskriptif, dan metode analisis spasial. Penelitian meliputi analisis kesesuaian daerah imbuhan, karakteristik mata air, dan pembuatan desain sumur resapan serta rorak. Hasil penelitianmenunjukan karakteristik daerah imbuhan memiliki kesesuaian klasifikasi sesuai 4.7%, cukup sesuai 14.8%, kurang sesuai 11.5%, dan tidak sesuai 70%, Mata air termasuk jenis mata air kontak. Debit mata air 47,66 liter/detik. Arahan konservasi yang dilakukan dengan pembuatan sumur resapan pada pemukiman daerah imbuhan yang tidak sesuai dengan jumlah 3 – 4 unit tiap hektar. Dampak negatif dari adanya implikasi sumur resapan yang dibangun di daerah lereng yang curam dapat meningkatkan kejenuhan lereng sehingga rawan akan bencana longsor.
CONFLICT-OF-LAW ISSUES OF NON-CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS IN POLISH-UKRAINIAN RELATIONS
Authors: Figura-Góralczyk Edyta
Published: February 2025

This article covers the analysis of the law applicable to non-contractual obligations in Polish-Ukrainian relations. Issues described in this article are of great importance because of the large immigration of Ukrainian citizens to Poland, especially in the year 2022 due to the Russian-Ukrainian War. In these matters – if Polish court has the jurisdiction – there is a diversity of sources of law: the International Agreement between Republic of Poland and Ukraine on Legal Assistance and Legal Relations in Civil and Criminal Matters signed in Kiev on 24 May 1993; Hague Convention of 4 May 1971 on the law applicable to traffic accidents and Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II). Moreover, Private International Law Act of 2011 does not apply to indicate the law applicable to non-contractual obligations. This raises the issue of mutual relations among those legal acts and their legal norms for conflict of laws related to Polish-Ukrainian non-contractual obligations. The analysis of those mutual relations is presented in this article. Apart from this issue, the article covers the scope of application and connecting factors for the cases concerning the law applicable to non-contractual obligations based on the International Agreement between Republic of Poland and Ukraine on Legal Assistance and Legal Relations in Civil and Criminal Matters.
Professional identity adaptation of expatriate ESL teachers in the State of Qatar
Authors: Rajabieslami Natasha , Troudi Salah
Published: February 2025

This study is concerned with the professional identity adaptation of a group of ten expatriate English teachers working at two governmental institutes in Qatar, focusing on factors affecting teachers’ self-perception and professional identity. Qualitative data collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and classroom observations revealed that both institutional and intrapersonal factors were involved in shaping the teachers’ professional identity and pedagogical choices, and that there was conflict between the teachers’ expectations and the realities of the local context (interpersonal conflicts). This study provides English teachers who work in a new cultural and social context with pragmatic information and insights about the professional identity adjustment process. It also heightens their awareness of the possible professional identity transitions that they may go through.
Perception of ‘broad’ and ‘narrow’ fluency in the EFL performance of student interpreters
Authors: Yenkimaleki Mahmood , Heuven Vincent J. van
Published: February 2025

The oral fluency of non-native speakers is an important measure in evaluating a person's second language (L2) proficiency. The present study investigates the relationship between the perception of fluency in its broad sense, meaning overall speaking proficiency, and in the narrow sense, in which flow and smoothness as well as grammar and vocabulary are evaluated. An experiment was conducted in which the speech fluency of 25 interpreter trainees was rated by 12 raters - three native experts, three native non-experts, three non-native experts and three non-native non-experts - in the narrow and broad senses, and then again after one month’. The results of the study showed that the raters’ judgements of fluency in the narrow sense were significantly lower than that of broad fluency. The expert raters were significantly less lenient than the non-experts overall, and more so when using the narrow definition of fluency. There was no statistically significant difference found in the scores of the native and non-native raters. It is suggested that interpreter trainees develop both broad and narrow fluency skills through training and practice. This can include improving their linguistic knowledge as well as practicing speaking skills.
An Analysis of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk for Socially Impactful Sustainable Projects in Indonesia
Authors: Najim Nur Fauziah  , Engku Rabiah Adawiah Engku Ali  , Alliqa Alvierra binti Md Bashir  , Asmaou Mohamed Bacha
Published: February 2025

Sukuk is crowned as one of the most important instruments for raising funds, be it at the government of corporate level. In Indonesia, sukuk was first introduced in 2002. Sukuk market development was said to have contributed to the increase of GDP in Indonesia due to the improved productivity facilitated by better access to funds. Of late, a number of innovative Islamic finance products in line with Shariah principles had been introduced to the market with the aim to fulfil the diversified needs in the society. The idea is to combine two or more Islamic finance products in one for a better outcome. The case of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) which are Islamic bonds (“Sukuk”) linked to an endowment (“Waqf”), is part of the development and innovation efforts in Islamic finance and social investment in Indonesia. When an important instrument like sukuk is coupled with a powerful Islamic social finance instrument, i.e., waqf, the combination can potentially be very impactful. Sukuk is an instrument for mobilizing funds, while waqf has the capacity to bridge charity and philanthropy with income generation and productive economic activities. Using a qualitative research based on explanatory and descriptive method, this paper analyses the practice of CWLS and its potential for socially impactful and sustainable projects in Indonesia, and to identify the benefits, opportunities, costs and risks of CWLS. The study found that CWLS can significantly contribute to social impact, as well as facilitate many sustainable development programs including government projects, education and healthcare initiatives and others. CWLS is believed to be a highly potential instrument with a positive impact on the society in Indonesia because of its benefits and opportunities are more considerable than its risks and costs.
An Assessment of Using Sukuk for Waqf Property Development in India
Authors: Mohammed Meeran Jasir Mohtesham  , Syed Marwan  , Abdul Hai  , Mohd Shahid
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to assess the viability of using Sukuk as a tool for financing the development of waqf properties in India. Using different reports, literature, and considering Indian Waqf Act, this study introduces Sukuk for waqf property development in India. Critical analysis of case studies of successfully employed waqf property development in Saudi Arabia and Singapore is also undertaken. From the various literature and reports, this paper finds that there is a huge economic potential for Indian waqf properties. However, due to several issues, one of them being a financial issue, waqf in Indian is unable to achieve its potential. Furthermore, the study also finds that there is a possibility to introduce Mudharabah Sukuk for this purpose. As Indian Waqf Act prohibits the sale, gift, or transfer of the waqf properties, Mudharabah can be the best suitable tool for financing the development of waqf properties. This study is conceptual in nature. Further studies can consider empirical research that considers factors such as awareness, knowledge, perception, and readiness to invest in Sukuk. The findings from this paper can be used to introduce Sukuk for waqf property development in India. The successful implementation will lead to the revitalisation of waqf properties in the country which will eventually result in the upliftment of Muslim society from social and educational backwardness and benefit them at-large. This paper also provides information about the potential of Indian waqf properties which very essential for the investors in Sukuk. This study is the first one to talk about the Sukuk for waqf property development in India.
Islamic P2P Crowdfunding (IP2PC) Platform for the Development of Paddy Industry in Malaysia: An Operational Perspective
Authors: Hassan Azganin  , Salina Kassim  , Adam Auwal Saad
Published: February 2025

Crowdfunding for agriculture provides a new social financing medium for agricultural financing, which is essential for promoting farmland revitalization and targeted poverty reduction among paddy farmers. The government sector and the social security system are unable to meet the demands of this growing systemic problem. In addition, paddy farmers in most developing countries strive to attain their basic needs and are among the most impoverished communities on the planet. This paper aims to present an Islamic P2P crowdfunding model as an alternative financing solution for paddy farmers in Malaysia. Besides, a standard operations procedure (SOP) has also been developed to ensure efficient management of the paddy project investments. This study uses document research methodology to analyze the related papers, journal articles and other published sources. Also, the literature on the financing gap faced by farmers and the crowdfunding solutions in agriculture has been reviewed critically and used to develop an alternative model. This study's findings reveal that Islamic P2P crowdfunding is expected to provide paddy farmers in Malaysia with an alternative source of funds to meet their liquidity constraints and finance their small businesses. The paper has also proposed an end-to-end operational procedure that can ensure the complete protection of different players' rights in the platform. The proposed model and SOPs can help policymakers and regulatory authorities to develop the required policies and create the needed agricultural crowdfunding regulations.
Does Mobile Payment Promote Financial Inclusion Among Palestinians Women: A Quantitative Approach Through Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Mousa A.M. Ajouz  , Faeyz M.J. Abuamria
Published: February 2025

An attempt at validating the notion of whether women's access to financial services through mobile payment enhances their empowerment necessitated this study. Mainly, it focuses on the extent to which mobile payment can contribute to financial inclusion in the context of Palestinian women, which seems to be sparse and lacking in the literature. A quantitative approach was employed using 147 questionnaires designed based on the theory of planned behavior and reflective model for measuring financial inclusion. The research found that with successive increases in mobile payment usage, financial inclusion further increased. Precisely, the growth of mobile payment usage by 1 percent can improve women's financial inclusion by 0.449 percent. By increasing women's financial inclusion, women's economic empowerment could be effectively and positively improved, which boosts productivity, increases economic diversification and income equality, and other positive development outcomes.
Factors Influencing the Choice of Takaful Over Conventional Insurance: The Case of Malaysia
Authors: Kamil Naail Mohammed , Mat Nor Norsham
Published: February 2025

The present research attempts to study the factors that influence Malaysians to choose Takaful over conventional insurance.Â  The study employs a qualitative research approach, conducting four intensive interviews with customers and Takaful Operators, who were selected from Klang Valley area in Malaysia. The respondents represent prominent Takaful Operators and their customers. The findings from the in-depth interviews led to the following major propositions; that Takaful customers have a clear concept of Takaful and the requirement of Shariah compliance; takaful is necessary for Muslims as a replacement of conventional insurance; takaful customers have awareness on the relationship between insurance and religion in contemporary business; the roles of Takaful agents in explaining the concept of Takaful and its benefits as acts of worship (Ibadah);Â  the obligation by Takaful agents in promoting Takaful products to Muslims as acts of (dakâ€™wah); and the growth of Takaful business remains slow compared to conventional insurance in the Klang valley area in Malaysia. Several implications of the research were further discussed.
Derivatives, Pricing Efficiency and Gharar: Evidence on Embedded Options in Malaysia
Authors: Haron Razali
Published: February 2025

Derivatives, despites their extensive usage as risk management tools, receive differing arguments among the Muslim scholars. Focusing on embedded option contracts, the resolution of Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah No (63/1/7) under the financial markets considers the currently applied option contracts as different from the Shariah nominated contracts and being neither a sum of money nor a utility or a financial right which may be waived, makes it forbidden in Shariah. Most Islamic scholars accuse option contracts of containing gharar and are transacted for speculative gains thus, prohibited in fiqh muamalat. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the accusation of the gharar elements in the option contracts. The Black Scholes Option Pricing Model (BSOPM) is used to examine the pricing of 183 outstanding embedded options (equity warrants) from January 2006 to December 2012. Cases of mispricing were detected in reference with their theoretical values indicating inefficiency in the Malaysian market and speculative activities taken place which are prohibited in Islam. Speculation contains gharar (uncertainty) and leads to maysir (gambling) and may result in wealth accumulation at the expense of other partiesâ€™ jahl (ignorance). Violating the concept of adl (justice), not serving the concept of maslahah (public interest) and not complying with the Maqasid al Shariah make speculation forbidden. The existence of gharar is empirically and statistically evidenced in the speculation activities indicated by the excessive mispricing detected in this study. This study contributes significantly in the literature by providing empirical evidence which is very much lacking in the study of options in Islamic Finance.
Ethical Investment in Stock Screening and Zakat on Stocks
Authors: Rahman Shafiqur
Published: February 2025

Islamic finance is the fastest growing segment of the global financial system and has been experiencing an impressive double-digit growth in recent history. Following the growth trend of Islamic finance, a rapidly rising affluent and well-educated Muslim middle class from the Islamic world and Western countries is aspiring to match finance with faith and fueling demand for Islamic investments. This paper examines how Muslim investors can invest in the contemporary stock market in a way completely compatible with the letter and spirit of divine Islamic law or shariah, and how Islamic investment is considered for zakatâ€”a religious obligation to donate to the poor and needy a certain percentage of wealth. The conditions laid down by shariah make Muslim investorsâ€™ participation in the stock market a special case of ethical investment. This paper discusses a qualitative screening process to identify stocks of companies that are engaged in business or activities permissible (halal) in Islam, and a quantitative screening process utilizing financial ratio analysis to allow companies in permissible business to use a tolerable level of interest-bearing securities and associated interest income and expenses. Stocks of companies passing these tests are designated as shariah-compliant stocks or halal investments and these stocks form the investment opportunity set for Muslim investors. The paper then focuses on how to cleanse investment income from shariah-compliant stocks contaminated by income from impermissible (haram) sources and concludes with a discussion of two opinions of Islamic jurists and shariah scholars on treatment of investment in stocks for zakat calculation.
Financial Market Risk and Gold Investment in an Emerging Market: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Bayram Kamola , Abdullah Adam , Meera Mydin Ahamed Kameel
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify the opportunity cost of holding gold, in relation to the stock market for case of Turkey. The focus is to detect if gold acts as a safe haven or a hedge asset in times of distress. The Threshold GARCH (TARCH) model was utilized. The analysis used daily data for the period 2005-2014. The data for selling prices of gold was represented by selling prices derived from Precious Metals and Diamonds Markets (PMDM). The returns on Borsa Istanbul (BIS) was employed to represent aggregate prices of stock market investment.  It was found that gold has safe haven asset features which shows that gold outperforms the average portfolio during times when stock market faces distress.
Structuring Model for Corporate Productive Cash-Waqf in Indonesia (A Case Study for PT. Semen Indonesia)
Authors: Tutuko Bambang , Hudaifah Ahmad , D. Andi Zulfakar
Published: February 2025

The development of Waqf in Indonesia has attracted plenty discussion about the third sector economy model (voluntarily sector) and itâ€™s potential to overcome social economic problems. Semen Indonesia is a giant multi-national state-owned company with various programs of community service that could potentially adopt the concept of cash Waqf as an innovative support for financing socio economic programs for the benefit of the surrounding society. The study has utilized qualitative data by analyzing important and relevant secondary data, direct observation of Semen Indonesia Group, and conducting interviews with key informants. The productive cash Waqf model has been recently developed for corporate Waqf equipped with information technology systems like E-Waqf applications to encourage Semen Indonesiaâ€™s big community to donate to the cash Waqf program. The fund accumulation is managed in profitable investment around Semen Indonesia and society environment. The financial and managerial system of Semen Indonesia Company and holding is possibly adopting the productive cash Waqf concept when managed properly and transparently.
 
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The Application of Ar-rahan-based micro-credit facility as an Alternative Instrument for poverty alleviation in Nigeria
Authors: Busari Saheed Abdullahi , Aminu Sikiru Olanrewaju
Published: February 2025

One of the major challenges facing developing nations like Nigeria is the continuous increase in the level of poverty, which widens the gap between the rich and the poor amidst increasing population and economic growth. In Nigeria, there are scores of microfinance outlets but their operational products are yet to stem the tides of people falling into the poverty bracket. UNICEF reported that about 70.8% of Nigerians live on less than a dollar per day amidst the countryâ€™s growing GDP. This rise in the level of poverty culminating from the uneven distribution of the national wealth continue to exacerbate economic instability and social insecurity in Nigeria. Government and other relevant bodies have continued to explore different kinds of solutions to minimize the multifarious challenges posed by the exponential rise in income disparity that has eating deep into the fabrics of the national economy. The micro financing structure has been proven to be helpful to stimulate greater financial inclusion of the low-income groups especially in developing economies. Focal among the many factors responsible for this challenge is the issue of interest charged by the banks to small and medium enterprises despite the rising rate of inflation. Meanwhile, the issue of transacting in riba is prohibited in Islam and some other religions because of its oppressive nature. This paper therefore proposes Ar-Rahn based credit facility aimed at ensuring that the unemployed, the poor and low income earners have access to non-interest based micro financing in Nigeria to aid their financial inclusion and achieve the broader objectives of microfinancing in Nigeria.
Short-run and Long-run Relationship between Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Liberalization and Education on Income Inequality: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Siti Nur Azizah  , Neneng Ela Fauziyyah  , Abdul Qoyum
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between economic growth (GDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade liberalization and education on income inequality in short-run and long-run for Indonesia over the period 1981-2015. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), this study found that in the long-run, GDP has a positive and significant effect on income inequality. The higher GDP in Indonesia will cause a higher income inequality. In contrast, GDP has a negative effect on income inequality in the short-run. The long-run result supports the Kuznets hypothesis that increasing in income inequality is caused by the initial increase in GDP per capita. Both trade and education have negative and significant effect in the long-run. Meanwhile, in short-run, both have different results. Increasing trade will escalate income inequality significantly, while increasing education will decrease income inequality.
Portfolio and Default Risk of Islamic Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Luqyan Tamanni
Published: February 2025

Islamic microfinance is a growing sector that is expected to provide a long-term solution to poverty in the Muslim world. The role of microfinance institutions in poverty alleviation is still debatable, however established literature provides assurance that microfinance does contribute to the development of financial sector and reduction of poverty in developing countries. The rise of competition in the microfinance sector has forced many microfinance institutions to resort to commercial funding and lending activities, which according to some studies has led microfinance institutions to become riskier. The paper explores portfolio and default risk of Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) and find that they are facing relatively lower risks than conventional MFIs. Using Ordinary Least Squares regression to analyse portfolio risk of IMFIs, the research finds unexpected result. Since IMFIs are facing challenging working environment and are operating in some of the poorest countries in the world with frequent natural disasters or armed conflicts, we predicted that they will be riskier. We also find that IMFIs are also less vulnerable despite their clients are from the poorest segment in the society, often with lower educational level, and the nature of Islamic financial products are relatively unknown to most clients. Many of the IMFIs and their clients live in countries considered to be high risk or have histories of instability, either politically or economically.
Determinants of Capital Structure among Shariah Compliant Industrial Product and Services Firms Listed on Ace Market, Bursa Malaysia
Authors: Jaafar Mohamad Nizam , Amirul Afif Muhamat  , Mohd Faizal Basri  , Aidaty Aqilah Joreme
Published: February 2025

The importance of capital structure management has been the issue of intense attention.Â  Firms need to manage their capital structure to ensure that their operations continue profitable and further growth shareholders fund. The aim of this paper is to provide the evidence on the determinantâ€™s capital structure among Malaysia Shariah compliant trading firms in Ace Market of Bursa Malaysia. Â Secondary data from year 2011 until 2018 was analyzed using eview software. Result of random effect shows that profitability, non-debt tax shield and liquidity are the determinants that have significantly influenced on debt ratio for trading firms in Malaysia Ace Market. The result could fill up the gap in this area and creates an important implication for investors, managers as well as policy makers in order for them to make strategic investments and financial decisions.