bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospecting for dinosaurs on the mining frontier: The value of information in America’s Gilded Age
Authors: Rieppel Lukas
Published: March 2015

How much is a dinosaur worth? This essay offers an account of the way vertebrate fossils were priced in late 19th-century America to explore the process by which monetary values are established in science. Examining a long and drawn-out negotiation over the sale of an unusually rich dinosaur quarry in Wyoming, I argue that, on their own, abstract market principles did not suffice to mediate between supply and demand. Rather, people haggling over the price of dinosaur bones looked to social norms from the mineral industry for cues on how to value these rare and unusual objects, adopting a set of negotiation tactics that exploited asymmetries in the distribution of scarce information to secure the better end of the deal. On the mining frontier in America’s Gilded Age, dinosaurs were thus valued in much the same way as any other scarce natural resource one could dig out of the ground, including gold, silver, and coal.
Jail Mental Health Resourcing
Authors: Helms Ronald , Gutierrez Ricky S. , Reeves-Gutierrez Debra
Published: March 2015

U.S. county jails hold large populations of mentally ill inmates but have rarely been researched quantitatively to assess their collective capacity for providing mental health treatment. This research uses ordinal logit and a partial parallel slopes model and a large sample of U.S. counties to assess conceptualized links between local institutional and structural indicators and jail mental health resourcing. Strong church networks and high rates of adult education completion are associated with enhanced jail mental health resourcing. Urbanized areas and areas with deep economic ties to manufacturing appear supportive of a strong jail mental health system. Conversely, conservative political environments and areas with strong medical and mental health networks based in the community are correlated with reduced jail mental health resourcing. Evidence from this research adds to a growing understanding of the need for enhanced community mental health service and diagnostic capabilities in our nation’s jails, noting the characteristics and correlates of model program jurisdictions and jurisdictions where program enhancements are most likely in order.
Predicting Bullying
Authors: Connell Nadine M. , Morris Robert G. , Piquero Alex R.
Published: March 2015

Although there has been much interest in research on aggression and in particular bullying, a relatively less charted area of research has centered on articulating a better understanding of the mechanisms and processes by which persons are at increased risk for bullying. Furthermore, those studies that have investigated the linkages between childhood experiences and bullying perpetration have been limited with respect to definitional and operational issues, reliance on cross-sectional data, and the lack of assessing competing explanations of bullying perpetration. Using five waves of data from a community-based longitudinal sample of children followed through age 18 ( N = 763), the current study examines the extent to which childhood negative life events in a variety of domains predict adolescent bullying. Results show that early childhood experiences, particularly those within the family and school domains, may alter life trajectories and can act as predictors for later adolescent bullying, thereby underscoring the potential importance that relatively minor experiences can have over the long term. Implications for future research based on these analyses are examined.
The civilizing process – According to Mennell, Elias and Freud
Authors: Redner Harry
Published: March 2015

This article critiques theories of the civilizing process as expounded by its leading expositors: Mennell, Elias and Freud. It begins with a criticism of Stephen Mennell’s book The American Civilizing Process. This book relies on an even more famous work, Norbert Elias’s The Civilizing Process. Unfortunately, Mennell’s otherwise commendable attempt to capture American civilization in its historical scope and sociological complexity is misdirected because Eliasian theory is not applicable to America, as we will show, and, furthermore, offers a dubious account of civilization in general. Elias’s approach is limited above all by its reliance on Sigmund Freud’s doubtful speculations about civilization, as presented in Civilization and its Discontents.
Micro-cleavages and violence in civil wars: A computational assessment
Authors: Weidmann Nils B.
Published: March 2015

Many accounts of civil war violence assume that a conflict’s master cleavage also explains the local occurrence of violence. Some scholars, however, have argued that violence is often the result of local cleavages and feuds, many of which may be unrelated to the conflict’s master cleavage. How is local violence related to the conflict’s master cleavage? Using a computational model, this paper studies an alliance mechanism proposed by Kalyvas (2006, The Logic of Violence in Civil War, Cambridge University Press), where macro-actors support local ones that fight on their behalf. While these alliances create a principal–agent problem, the model shows that they can raise the overall severity of the conflict and serve the interests of the macro-actor. However, the model also shows that these mechanisms work only under limited conditions. Alliances can increase the level of violence perpetrated in the interest of the macro-actor, but only if (a) the latter supports agents that have in the past fought along the master cleavage and if (b) this happens in rural areas. This emphasizes again the importance of the rural dimension in the study of civil war.
Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of different synthetic amorphous silica nanomaterials in the V79 cell line
Authors: Guichard Y , Fontana C , Chavinier E , Terzetti F , Gaté L , Binet S , Darne C
Published: March 2015

The nature of occupational risks and hazards in industries that produce or use synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) nanoparticles is still under discussion. Manufactured SAS occur in amorphous form and can be divided into two main types according to the production process, namely, pyrogenic silica (powder) and precipitated silica (powder, gel or colloid). The physical and chemical properties of SAS may vary in terms of particle size, surface area, agglomeration state or purity, and differences in their toxicity potential might therefore be expected. The aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of representative manufactured SAS samples in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells). Five samples from industrial SAS producers were evaluated, that is, two pyrogenic SAS powders (with primary particle sizes of 20 nm and 25/70 nm), one precipitated SAS powder (20 nm) and two precipitated SAS colloids (15 and 40/80 nm). V79 cell cultures were treated with different concentrations of SAS pre-dispersed in bovine serum albumin –water medium. Pyr (pyrogenic) 20, Pre (precipitated) 20 and Col (colloid) 15 significantly decreased the cell viability after 24 h of exposure, whilst Pyr 25/70 and Col 40/80 had negligible effects. The cytotoxicity of Pyr 20, Pre 20 and Col 15 was revealed by the induction of apoptosis, and Pyr 20 and Col 15 also produced DNA damage. However, none of the SAS samples generated intracellular reactive oxidative species, micronuclei or genomic mutations in V79 cells after 24 h of exposure. Overall, the results of this study show that pyrogenic, precipitated and colloidal manufactured SAS of around 20 nm primary particle size can produce significant cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in V79 cells. In contrast, the coarser-grained pyrogenic and colloid SAS (approximately 50 nm) yielded negligible toxicity, despite having been manufactured by same processes as their finer-grained equivalents. To explain these differences, the influence of particle agglomeration and oxidative species formation is discussed.
Hoechst 33258–conjugated hyaluronated fullerene for efficient photodynamic tumor therapy and necrotic tumor targeting
Authors: Kim Sol , Park Jeyoung , Youn Yu Seok , Oh Kyung Taek , Bae Jun Ho , Lee Eun Seong
Published: March 2015

In this study, we synthesized a Hoechst 33258–conjugated hyaluronated fullerene consisting of Hoechst 33258 (as a target moiety to detect necrotic tumor cells), hyaluronic acid (as a target polymer to bind the CD44 receptor overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells), and fullerene (as a photosensitizing agent). This conjugate self-assembled to form nanoparticles consisting of a hydrophilic block (Hoechst 33258 and hyaluronic acid) and a lipophilic block (fullerene). We utilized these nanoparticles to improve the antitumor efficacy via photodynamic tumor therapy. The HCT-116 cells that were damaged after the first photodynamic tumor therapy (using hyaluronated fullerene nanoparticles) were again targeted using Hoechst 33258–conjugated hyaluronated fullerene nanoparticles (detecting necrotic tissues). The experimental results revealed that the second photodynamic tumor therapy using Hoechst 33258–conjugated hyaluronated fullerene nanoparticles caused significant increases in the in vitro phototoxicity and the in vivo tumor inhibition, thereby suggesting their pharmaceutical potential for designing effective multiple photodynamic tumor therapy treatments.
Can You Be Hit by Your Partner and Be Intensely in Love?
Authors: Graña José Luis , Cuenca Montesino María Luisa , Redondo Natalia , O’Leary K. Daniel
Published: March 2015

This study examines, in a multilevel context, the influence of intensity of love at an individual level on couples’ mean reports of psychological and physical aggression in a sample of 2,988 adult couples of both sexes from the Region of Madrid. The percentages of intimate partner aggression considering the highest report of aggression in the couple were around 60% of psychological aggression and 15% of physical aggression. Multilevel models confirm that individuals who were less intensely in love reported a higher level of psychological aggression. Concerning physical aggression, men who declared they were less intensely in love reported a higher level of physical aggression by their partners, but this pattern was not found in the women. Therefore, psychological aggression plays a more relevant role in the intensity of love than physical aggression.
Executive Compensation in the Tax-Exempt World
Authors: Strosnider David C.
Published: March 2015

Whether nonprofit organizations provide charity, education or health care, entities that are organized and operated under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code must be mindful of specific tax rules that do not apply to private or public companies when structuring compensation arrangements to attract, motivate and retain executive-level talent. For example, Section 457 of the Code places unique restrictions on the compensation programs sponsored by tax-exempt entities. Congress believed these restrictions were necessary because the usual tension created by a public or private company’s desire to recognize a current compensation deduction and an employee’s desire to defer tax on compensation does not exist with tax-exempt entities. Additionally, the Code regulates whether tax-exempt organizations pay reasonable compensation through the operation of the excess benefit transaction (or intermediate sanction) rules. This article examines the restrictive tax provisions of Section 457 and of the excess benefit transaction rules, which both create a challenging environment for tax-exempt entities when they compete with taxable entities for executive-level talent.
Procedural Justice, Legitimacy, and School Principals’ Evaluations of School Resource Officers
Authors: Wolfe Scott E. , Chrusciel Margaret M. , Rojek Jeff , Hansen J. Andrew , Kaminski Robert J.
Published: March 2015

Violence and active shooter situations in schools have been important issues to the public, policy makers, and scholars in recent years. School resource officers (SROs) are widely used in efforts to address school crime-related threats. Yet, little is known about the factors that influence key stakeholders’ (e.g., school principals) evaluations of such officers. The present study uses survey data from a sample of public school principals in South Carolina to examine the role of procedural justice theory in understanding evaluations of SROs. The results reveal that procedural justice is associated with principals’ support for SROs, perceived effectiveness of SROs, and level of trust and satisfaction in SROs. The policy implications of the results center on the importance of SRO procedural fairness in maintaining quality relationships with top school administrators which may ultimately have a wider impact on the success of SRO programs.
From International Activity to Foreign Tourism
Authors: Nebřenský Zdeněk
Published: March 2015

This article examines foreign travels and international tourism to and from Czechoslovakia in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Based on the annual reports of the international department of the ÚV ČSM and reports on their foreign travels submitted by youth officials, the article argues that rather than representing communist efforts “to maximally isolate Czechoslovak citizens from the outside world and to hinder interaction with foreigners,” communist restrictions on private foreign travel could be interpreted as a shift in emphasis from an individual to a collective form of travelling. The article suggests that collective travel abroad as a socialist form of travel had a political meaning and purpose: it represented “society-wide benefit” and thus was part of the communist societal transformation, educating the labouring classes and eliminating inequalities in the realm of transnational mobility. It explores how socialist travel abroad was intended to mitigate differences of opinion, balance particular interests and create ideological consensus.
A Web Experiment Showing Negative Effects of Slider Scales Compared to Visual Analogue Scales and Radio Button Scales
Authors: Funke Frederik
Published: March 2015

This article provides evidence that there is a substantial difference between slider scales and visual analogue scales (VAS), two types of rating scales used in web surveys that are frequently mixed up. In an experimental design, both scales were compared to standard HTML radio buttons and offered three, five, or seven response options. Slider scales negatively affect response rate (especially on mobile devices), the sample composition, the distribution of values, and also increase response times. VAS and radio buttons, however, can be used without negative side effects, even on touch screen devices like smartphones. Overall, it is recommended to avoid slider scales. As small differences in rating scales—here drag and drop versus point and click—have a huge influence on data collection, an optimal implementation of VAS is suggested. However, measurement of discrete variables with a moderate number of response options should be done with radio buttons scales unless a small screen size—for example, on smartphones—requires an economical use of space.
Heresthetics and choice from tournaments
Authors: Moser Scott , Fenn Molly , Ji Ran , Maiden Michelle , Panosian Melanie
Published: March 2015

Moser et al. provide a formalization of heresthetics, the “art of political strategy”, in collective choice settings. In doing so they introduce the heresthetically stable set as the set of outcomes least susceptible to manipulation of issue dimension. In this note we correct a small error in the original paper, and close several open questions asked there in. We examine the heresthetically stable set as a tournament solution, establishing some basic properties it possesses, and many it does not posses. In addition, we relate the heresthetically stable set to other tournament solutions, notably the weak uncovered and refinements thereof. We find lack of vulnerability to heresthetic manipulation is contrary to many desirable properties of choice functions, notably majoritarian support.
Preliminary design and experimental verification of a triple swirler combustor
Authors: Ding Guoyu , He Xiaomin , Xue Chong , Zhao Ziqiang , Jin Yi
Published: March 2015

A preliminary combustor design procedure based on triple swirler is presented, and then a triple swirler combustor with design fuel–air ratio of 0.033 is designed according to the design procedure and studied experimentally. The test results show that: the total pressure loss coefficient increases linearly from 0.021 to 0.04 as the inlet airflow velocity increases from 40 m/s to 70 m/s, while the flow drag coefficient decreases nonlinearly with the inlet airflow velocity increasing; there exists an optimal velocity, at which the ignition overall fuel–air ratio is minimal at each given inlet airflow temperature, and the increasing of inlet airflow temperature makes for combustor ignition; the lean blowout fuel–air ratio is no more than 0.005 for most cases at the inlet airflow temperature of 473 K; the combustion efficiency is high at low fuel–air ratio and increases with inlet airflow velocity and temperature increasing on the whole. Pattern factor (OTDF) ranges from 0.15 to 0.17 for all cases at the inlet airflow temperature of 473 K; the combustion performance validates that triple swirler is fit for the dome of high-temperature-rise combustor and the design rules of the triple swirler combustor mentioned in this paper are feasible.
A spectral analysis of laser Doppler anemometry turbulent flow measurements in a ship air wake
Authors: Bardera-Mora R , Barcala-Montejano MA , Rodríguez-Sevillano A , de Diego G González , de Sotto M Ruiz
Published: March 2015

Helicopters are one of the most important tactical elements in maritime operations. The necessity to improve the conditions in which the landing and take-off operations are carried out leads to the study of the flow that separates from the ship’s superstructure over the flight deck. To investigate this flow a series of wind tunnel experiments have been performed by testing a sub-scale model of a frigate. Measurements of the flow velocity have been taken by means of laser Doppler anemometry in five points that simulate the last path of the landing trajectory. The data obtained in these experiments is analyzed in the frequency domain where the corresponding spectra are calculated. Onboard measurements from an actual full-scale frigate are analyzed and compared with the wind tunnel results. Conclusions obtained consist of a series of illustrative values of turbulent energy frequency ranges, which are valuable for any study in this field. The comparison shows a similarity between both experiments, reasserting the role of the wind tunnel measurements in these kind of studies.
Reframing the Universalist Republic
Authors: Daly Eoin
Published: March 2015

France’s official republican doctrines preclude public recognition of legal pluralism, whether in the guise of legislative plurality or customary and religious legal orders. This unusually emphatic rejection of legal pluralism stems from an ideology of abstract universalism that translates primarily as a formalistic understanding of equality before the law and thus as a rejection of all identity-based classifications. Equality, in this sense, requires citizens to be subject to identical laws under a single legislative jurisdiction. Yet notwithstanding the republican orthodoxy, French constitutional doctrine has been adapted in recent decades to accommodate various forms of legislative and even jurisdictional pluralism in peripheral regions, particularly in the outre-mer (overseas territories) but also in some parts of the metropolitan territory. In turn, I will argue that the abandonment of strict legislative uniformity can be traced to a wider crisis of French universalism and its conception of rights.
Development of a self-sensing piezoelectric pump with a bimorph transducer
Authors: Zhang Zhonghua , Kan Jun wu , Wang Shuyun , Wang Hongyun , Ma Jijie , Jiang Yonghua
Published: March 2015

This article presents a self-sensing piezoelectric pump with a bimorph transducer. The proposed method is able to realize the functions of fluid transportation and output flow and pressure self-testing simultaneously through only a single piezoelectric element. The simultaneous function is achieved through separating one lead zirconium titanate disk from the piezoelectric bimorph to detect the pumping flow or pressure in direct proportion to the bimorph deflection generated by the other actuated lead zirconium titanate disk. A prototype pump is fabricated with the size of 40 mm × 40 mm × 17 mm and tested according to the actuation frequency characteristics and voltage characteristics of the flow rate, backpressure, and sensing voltages. The testing results show that the sensing voltages are changed with the flow rate and backpressure as a function of frequency while either lead zirconium titanate disk of the bimorph act as the integrated sensor. It is found that when the pump with two distinct disks successively acting as the sensor separately achieves the maximum flow rates of 3.12 mL/min at 21 Hz and 2.93 mL/min at 22 Hz with a driving voltage of 150 Vpp, both corresponding sensing voltages also reach the maximum values of 6.88 and 6.72 Vpp, respectively. Driving voltage characteristics further indicate that both sensing voltages are linearly related to the pumping flow rate and backpressure. As a result, the sensing voltages can completely reflect the information of the flow rate and backpressure. Moreover, the pump with the piezoelectric bimorph transducer can obtain the complete self-sensing function no matter which disk of the bimorph is used as the integrated sensor.
Creative Experiential Interventions to Heighten Emotion and Process in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy
Authors: Hinkle Michelle S. , Radomski Juliana Groves , Decker Karen M.
Published: March 2015

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT) uses interventions aimed to identify couples’ interactional processes and underlying emotions related to attachment needs. An examination of creative intervention in counseling reveals that their outcomes are similar to the goals of EFT’s interventions. This article asserts that EFT can be supplemented with creative activities that intensify the present moment to heighten awareness of emotions and communication processes. This article provides examples for using music, visual art with guided imagery, and role-play with props intertwined with EFT interventions to counsel a Caucasian, middle-aged married couple in an 11-year relationship. The case example illustrates how creativity can be used in EFT to reveal underlying emotions and communication patterns. Suggestions for clinical practice are provided.
The Role of Mental Health Counselors in Promoting School–Family Collaboration Within the Tiered School-Wide Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support (SWPBIS) Model
Authors: Messina Kenneth C. , Kolbert Jered B. , Hyatt-Burkhart Debra , Crothers Laura M.
Published: March 2015

Family–school collaboration has been shown to increase positive educational and social outcomes for students. We propose an integrated theoretical model from which mental health counselors may intervene within the tiered intervention levels of the School-Wide Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support framework. We describe the use of a structural family therapy (SFT) framework to both assess the relationship between family and school personnel and identify objectives for family collaboration. Finally, we describe how techniques and processes from SFT and solution-focused therapy can be used to enhance the relationship and collaboration between families and school personnel.
Concurrent Angiomyolipomas and Renal Cell Neoplasms in Patients Without Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Mei Mariachiara , Rosen Lauren E. , Reddy Vijaya , Cimbaluk David J. , Gattuso Paolo
Published: March 2015

Synchronous renal cell neoplasms (RCNs) and angiomyolipomas (AML) occurring in the same kidney are rare. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the incidence and clinicopathological features of concurrent AML and RCN in patients without tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Partial and radical nephrectomy specimens with a diagnosis of RCN and AML from 1995 to May 2013 were reviewed. Cases were assessed for histological subtype of AML and RCN, topographic relationship between the AML and the RCN, and clinical characteristics. A total of 565 RCNs and 19 AMLs were identified. Of 19 cases of AML, 9 (47%) were associated with renal tumors. Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was the most common malignancy associated with AML (56%). The mean age of patients with concomitant AML and RCN was higher than the mean age of patients with only AML (58.6 vs 55.5 years). The majority of patients with concomitant AML and RCN were female (78%). All concurrent sporadic AMLs were benign. We identified one case of bilateral clear-cell RCC with concomitant multiple bilateral AMLs in a patient with TSC.
Periodic fault signal enhancement in rotating machine vibrations via stochastic resonance
Authors: Lu Siliang , He Qingbo , Dai Daoyi , Kong Fanrang
Published: March 2015

This paper proposes a novel approach to periodic fault signal enhancement in rotating machine vibrations with a tristable mechanical vibration amplifier (TMVA) by exploiting stochastic resonance (SR). The TMVA is a nonlinear physical structure system that consists of a cantilever beam and a magnet system. Through the TMVA, the periodic weak signal can be amplified with the assistance of noise in the regime of SR. Benefitting from a wider interwell spacing and a smoother potential curve, the TMVA produces a more regular output waveform with lower noise in a wider operating bandwidth as compared to the monostable and bistable amplifiers. Different from the traditional signal enhancement approach which is based on digital signal processing (DSP) techniques, the designed physical structure can realize signal enhancement in a simple, intuitive, effective and adaptive way without too much complex operations. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach are validated by a simulated fault signal and the practical bearing and gearbox fault signals, in comparison with a traditional DSP-based SR method. The principle of the proposed approach shows potential applications on rotating machine fault diagnosis area and other areas related to weak periodic signal enhancement.
A mechatronic kit with a control methodology for a modualized cable-suspended robot
Authors: Lin J , Huang CS , Chang J
Published: March 2015

Cable-suspended robots are categorized as a type of parallel manipulator that has recently attracted interest in terms of manipulation tasks. The main goal of this paper is to develop a novel mechatronic kit with a control methodology for a modularized cable-suspended robot. The advantages of such system owns modular and reconfigurable over conventional robots. In addition, position and orientation of the end-effector is forced toward the desired values by control of cable lengths. Hence, the new approach for forward and inverse kinematic calculation procedure based on the change of the cable lengths is used to measure the position and orientation of the mobile platform. Furthermore, the input shaping algorithm is implemented for point-to-point control purposes. The modified input shaping uses the s curve command (S-type) to offer superior performance than conventional trapezoidal command (T-type) in point-to-point positioning control. Experimental validation demonstrates the cable oscillation suppression effectiveness of the proposed S-type input shaping control command.
Vulnerability and Emotions in Research
Authors: emerald elke , Carpenter Lorelei
Published: March 2015

Researchers are familiar with ethics applications that endeavor to ensure the safety of their participants, but only recently have they been urged to examine the short- and long-term effects of research on themselves and consider the risks to their own safety and well-being. This article considers some of the risks to researchers of engaging in research by exploring some emotional dangers the authors encountered while engaged in their own research. The authors use their autoethnographies to create a co-constructed narrative to identify some of the emotional risks that can be associated with being a researcher. The risks are discussed in terms of vulnerability, emotional labor, emotions as data or evidence, and emotionally sensed knowledges. It is Laurel Richardson’s argument that “the ethnographic life is not separable from the self” that informs the authors’ efforts to understand, rather than simply know, the potential of emotions in research.
Feminine Ideology and Sexual Assault
Authors: Wigderson Sara , Katz Jennifer
Published: March 2015

Previous research has not conclusively determined whether traditional femininity increases women’s risk for sexual assault. Certain femininity beliefs, such as valuing deference, may increase risk for sexual assault by discouraging sexual refusal assertiveness (SRA). Other femininity beliefs, such as valuing purity, may promote self-protective behaviors. College women ( N = 254) provided self-report data on these beliefs, risk and protective behaviors, and sexual assault experiences. Traditional femininity was not directly associated with experiencing sexual assault. However, specific traditional beliefs were related to behaviors directly associated with risk. High SRA and sexual abstinence simultaneously reduced the odds for sexual assault.
Customer Effort in Value Cocreation Activities
Authors: Sweeney Jillian C. , Danaher Tracey S. , McColl-Kennedy Janet R.
Published: March 2015

Transformative service research is particularly relevant in health care where the firm and customer can contribute to individual as well as societal well-being. This article explores customer value cocreation in health care, identifying a hierarchy of activities representing varying levels of customer effort from complying with basic requirements (less effort and easier tasks) to extensive decision making (more effort and more difficult tasks). We define customer Effort in Value Cocreation Activities (EVCA) as the degree of effort that customers exert to integrate resources, through a range of activities of varying levels of perceived difficulty. Our findings underscore the importance of viewing health care service as taking place within the customer’s service network that extends well beyond the customer-firm dyad to include other market-facing as well as public and private resources. Moreover, we demonstrate the transformative potential of customer EVCA linking customer EVCA to quality of life, satisfaction with service and behavioral intentions. We do so across three prevalent chronic diseases—cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Our findings highlight how an integrated care model has benefits for both customers and providers and can enhance customer EVCA.
Phallic Affect, or Why Men's Rights Activists Have Feelings
Authors: Allan Jonathan A.
Published: March 2015

The men’s rights movement and its academic offshoot “New Male Studies” are considered in light of the turn to affect. I argue that affective utterances, “I feel,” become phallic in the men’s rights movement and function in a defensive mode. Unlike the phallus as guarantor of masculinity, which is currently up for debate, the affective utterance cannot be denied—that is, affect is wholly subjective. However, we can, as theorists, ask questions about how and why affect is being used.
Twi-dudes and Twi-guys
Authors: Click Melissa A. , Miller Brandon , Behm-Morawitz Elizabeth , Aubrey Jennifer Stevens
Published: March 2015

The Twilight franchise, based upon the popular Young Adult vampire romantic series, is, unquestionably, female-driven. However, the series’ romantic themes and enthusiastic female fans, as well as the public disdain they have received, have overshadowed the male fans of the series. To explore male fans’ interest in Twilight, how they reconciled their masculine identities with their attraction to a feminine text, and what they learned from Twilight’s romantic messages, we discuss our findings from surveys and group interviews with male Twilight fans. Both the lack of scholarly literature on male audiences of romantic media and the experiences of male Twilight fans reveal that we know little about the roles romantic media play in boys’ and men’s lives. We argue that studying male audiences of romantic media is a useful approach to begin to build an understanding of the roles feminine media forms play in boys’ and men’s gendered identities.
Effects of misalignment on surface wear of spur gears
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Xianzeng
Published: March 2015

A surface wear prediction methodology for spur gears is proposed based on which the wear characteristics of the gear pair can be computed efficiently. The methodology combines the finite element method and Archard's formula to predict the surface wear of the spur gear pair. The influences of load levels and wear cycles are investigated to reveal a quantitive relationship between wear and operating parameters. The misalignment of the gear pair is defined and counted in the quasi-static model to investigate its effects on gear wear. The results indicate that the introduction of misalignment may aggravate the load distribution status and accelerate the surface wear. To compensate the negative effects of misalignment, an involute crown modification strategy is proposed and its effectiveness on contact distribution improvement and wear deceleration are validated through wear depths predictions. The numerical simulation finds that the proposed modification strategy can help to decelerate surface wear effectively when the summation of involute crown values CΔ remains within a certain range. Furthermore, a larger CΔ will be required to decrease the wear depth of the gear pair with larger misalignment values.
Dry sliding friction behavior of copper–matrix composites by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Authors: Ding Hongyan , Zhou Guanghong , Zhang Yue , Xia Mujian
Published: March 2015

This paper presents a simple approach to preparing copper–matrix composites (CMCs) by using self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technique. The dry sliding friction behavior of CMCs was systematically investigated. Results showed that the strengthening layer presented a compact metallurgical joint to copper substrate without a distinct boundary. The running-in period for copper substrate at any load was approximately 125 s but decreased to less than 30 s for CMCs. Increasing the applied load resulted in shorter running-in periods. The average friction coefficients for pure copper substrate and CMCs presented slight variation at the steady state, with minor enhancement in CMCs. The wear loss rates of the two different sections in CMCs rapidly increased with increased load, and the wear loss rate of CMCs was always lower than that of pure copper substrate at any load. Typical adhesion wear character was observed according to the wear scar of pure copper substrate; the wear mechanism of CMCs was dominated by abrasive wear, accompanied by oxidized wear with increased applied load.
Investigation of nanoparticle additive impacts on thermohydrodynamic characteristics of journal bearings
Authors: Solghar Alireza Arab
Published: March 2015

Thermohydrodynamic behaviors of single-groove journal bearing are assessed operating under steady-state loading. The set of governing equations including continuity, momentum, and energy within the lubricant and energy within the solid bush are simultaneously solved employing the finite volume scheme. The analysis takes into account the cavitation effects and the mixing of the lubricant recirculation. In the present study, the performance of the journal bearing is obtained for two types of lubricant: pure oil and base oil blended with Al2O3 nanoparticles. The results are presented for the side leakage, the load-carrying capacity, the friction coefficient, and the temperature and the pressure distributions. The present formulation and method of solution are validated by comparing the results, in the limit cases, with reputable results available in the literature. Acceptable agreement between the obtained and available results is observed. It was found that the lubricant with nanoadditives increase both the load-carrying capacity (17.7% at eccentricity 0.9) and the friction coefficient and decrease the flow rate compared to the pure oil.
Reciprocating sliding wear of case-hardened spheroidal cast iron against 100Cr6 under boundary lubrication
Authors: Stickel D , Goeke S , Geenen K , Huth S , Theisen W , Biermann D , Fischer A
Published: March 2015

Today cast iron with spheroidal graphite is used in a wide range of applications with a high production capacity per year. Due to optimized and well-controlled casting technology, the production of ductile cast iron became economic in such way that ductile cast iron replaced cast or wrought steel in many machinery components like crankshafts, piston rods, and engine mounts. These examples represent technical tribosystems of the automobile industry. Here, current political, economic, and ecological guidelines also demand downsizing combined with high power densities in order to minimize internal friction and reduce fuel consumption and satisfying CO2-emission limits. These guidelines can change the tribological loads and, therefore, result in more severe conditions. One example is the shift of the lubrication regime from hydrodynamic to mixed or boundary lubrication for larger periods of time. In these regimes, the applied load is partially or fully carried by the asperities. Still the need for maintaining as low as possible wear towards the ultra-mild sliding wear regime an integral approach is needed, which has to regard contact conditions, surface topography, interface chemistry, and sub-surface properties. One way to low wear can aim at lowering the run-in phase by e.g. optimizing the topography by means of adjusted machining processes. For this study, reciprocating sliding wear tests were conducted with grinded, milled, polished, and finished samples of case-hardened spheroidal cast iron slid against a 100Cr6 ball of a 5 mm radius. The boundary lubrication was provided by a commercial combustion engine lubricant at 80℃. After predefined test cycles, 3D surface topographies were measured by means of confocal white-light microscopy within each wear test in order to analyse the development of the contact conditions over time. In combination with the measured forces and displacements, the tribological loads are calculated by means of a 3D elastic-ideal plastic contact model. Additionally the wear mechanism was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy. The overall wear rates and the coefficients of friction depend strongly on the initial surface topography and, therefore, on the machining process. This is also true for the development of a reaction layer (tribomaterial) allowing for ultra-mild siding wear even under boundary lubrication.
Price fairness perceptions and hotel customers’ behavioral intentions
Authors: El Haddad Rania , Hallak Rob , Assaker Guy
Published: March 2015

This study examines the causal relationship between consumers’ price fairness perceptions and behavioral intentions in the context of online hotel bookings. Using a cross-sectional sample of 506 customers of a budget hotel chain in the United Kingdom, structural equation modeling (using the partial least squares approach), multigroup t-test, and permutation tests were conducted to (1) validate the structural model where price fairness is the exogenous variable and behavioral intention is the endogenous variable and (2) examine whether the causal model is invariant (equivalent) across customers from different market segments—including, first-time and repeat customers, leisure, and business travelers. Results from the analysis supported a significant, direct relationship between customers’ perceptions of price fairness and behavioral intentions. The results of the multigroup test and permutation tests further indicated that first-time leisure customers are more sensitive to dynamic pricing practices and tend to perceive these practices as unfair. Thus, the budget hotel chain may want to be very cautious with new customers who are not familiar with this pricing practice.
‘Do it to Denmark’
Authors: Blichfeldt Bodil Stilling , Smed Karina M
Published: March 2015

Marketers increasingly try to make marketing messages reach and ‘infect’ social media users, who subsequently share the message with yet other users, thereby ‘infecting’ additional users and spreading the message like a virus – processes often defined as viral marketing. However, what exactly happens to marketing messages when they ‘go viral’ has not received much attention, and the intention of this article is to take a closer look at what happens to marketing messages when social media users comment on and co-create these messages. Drawing on one particular case, that is, the ‘do it for Denmark’ commercial, the article suggests that what happens is not simply that marketers’ original message spreads like a virus. Instead, a diverse set of discourses are constructed and shared as the marketing message goes viral. The contention of this article is that ‘uncontrollability’ of viral processes creates unforeseeable associations and meanings that may have little to do with the original message and meanings – in the present case changing meanings from ‘do it for Denmark’ to ‘do it to Denmark’. Therefore, tourism marketers need to better understand the complexity of viral processes and how co-creation of viral messages may fundamentally transform and transcend the original message.
Family experiences of living with an eating disorder: A narrative analysis
Authors: Papathomas Anthony , Smith Brett , Lavallee David
Published: March 2015

Families are considered important in the management and treatment of eating disorders. Yet, rarely has research focused on family experiences of living with an eating disorder. Addressing this gap, this study explores the experiences of an elite 21-year-old triathlete with an eating disorder in conjunction with the experiences of her parents. Family members attended interviews individually on three separate occasions over the course of a year. In line with the narrative approach adopted, whereby stories are considered the primary means to construct experience, interviews encouraged storytelling through an open-ended, participant-led structure. Narrative analysis involved repeated readings of the transcripts, sensitising towards issues of narrative content (key themes) and structure (overarching plot). Family difficulties arose when personal experiences strayed from culturally dominant narrative forms and when family members held contrasting narrative preferences. Suggestions are forwarded as to how an appreciation of eating disorder illness narratives might inform treatment and support.
Definitional ceremonies: Narrative practices for psychologists to inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality in pediatric settings
Authors: Moore Kelsey , Talwar Victoria , Moxley-Haegert Linda
Published: March 2015

In pediatric settings, parents and children often seek spiritual and religious support from their healthcare provider, as they try to find meaning in their illness. Narrative practices, such as definitional ceremonies, can provide a unique framework for psychologists to explore children’s spirituality and its role in the midst of illness. In addition, definitional ceremonies can be used as a means for psychologists to inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality and its relevance in pediatric treatment settings. In this article, our objectives are to (a) provide a brief overview of the literature on children’s spirituality, (b) review some of the literature on childhood cancer patients’ spirituality, (c) highlight the importance of whole-person care for diverse pediatric patients, and (d) introduce definitional ceremonies as appropriate narrative practices that psychologists can use to both guide their therapy and inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality.
The narrative psychology of community health workers
Authors: Murray Michael , Ziegler Friederike
Published: March 2015

Community health psychology is an approach which promotes community mobilisation as a means of enhancing community capacity and well-being and challenging health inequalities. Much of the research on this approach has been at the more strategic and policy level with less reference to the everyday experiences of community workers who are actively involved in promoting various forms of community change. This article considers the narrative accounts of a sample of 12 community workers who were interviewed about their lives. Their accounts were analysed in terms of narrative content. This revealed the tensions in their everyday practice as they attempted to overcome community divisions and management demands for evidence. Common to all accounts was a commitment to social justice. These findings are discussed with reference to opportunities and challenges in the practice of community work.
Men, rheumatoid arthritis, psychosocial impact and self-management: A narrative review
Authors: Flurey Caroline A , Hewlett Sarah , Rodham Karen , White Alan , Noddings Robert , Kirwan John
Published: March 2015

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease affecting fewer men than women. We systematically reviewed the literature on impact and self-management of rheumatoid arthritis in men. A total of 28 papers were included and grouped into two categories: psychosocial impact of rheumatoid arthritis, and coping and self-management. This review finds gender differences relating to quality of life, work, distress, self-management, coping and support. We conclude that there is a dearth of literature focussing on rheumatoid arthritis in men only, and mixed gender studies include insufficient men to draw strong conclusions about men. Thus, further research is needed to understand the support needs of men with rheumatoid arthritis in depth.
Validation of existing diagnosis of autism in mainland China using standardised diagnostic instruments
Authors: Sun Xiang , Allison Carrie , Auyeung Bonnie , Zhang Zhixiang , Matthews Fiona E , Baron-Cohen Simon , Brayne Carol
Published: March 2015

Research to date in mainland China has mainly focused on children with autistic disorder rather than Autism Spectrum Conditions and the diagnosis largely depended on clinical judgment without the use of diagnostic instruments. Whether children who have been diagnosed in China before meet the diagnostic criteria of Autism Spectrum Conditions is not known nor how many such children would meet these criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate children with a known diagnosis of autism in mainland China using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised to verify that children who were given a diagnosis of autism made by Chinese clinicians in China were mostly children with severe autism. Of 50 children with an existing diagnosis of autism made by Chinese clinicians, 47 children met the diagnosis of autism on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule algorithm and 44 children met the diagnosis of autism on the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised algorithm. Using the Gwet’s alternative chance-corrected statistic, the agreement between the Chinese diagnosis and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule diagnosis was very good (AC1 = 0.94, p < 0.005, 95% confidence interval (0.86, 1.00)), so was the agreement between the Chinese diagnosis and the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised (AC1 = 0.91, p < 0.005, 95% confidence interval (0.81, 1.00)). The agreement between the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised was lower but still very good (AC1 = 0.83, p < 0.005).