bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needs-based family support – Perception, structures and challenges in practical implementation
Authors: Lentz-Becker Anja , Bräutigam Barbara , Müller Matthias
Published: November 2020

Research into the utilisation of preventive family support relates mainly to structural requirements such as low-threshold access to services. Beside structural framework conditions in context of family support, the question arises as to what extent the subjective perception of preventive family support is one more aspect of utilisation and to what extent preventive family support actually matches the needs of families. This Study asks as well what connotations and attitudes do families have regarding family support services? How important do families consider these offers and what are their needs? Based on a mixed-methods design, the Citizens’ Survey on Family Support was conducted by means of a standardised questionnaire in combination with interviews of family support users and non-users in order to elaborate deeper meaning structures through the qualitative analysis method of grounded theory. Summary survey results point out that family support in Germany includes a wide range of offers, which can promote a broad array of familial interests and competences, but not all families, diverse as they are, feel consciously addressed – or else they see obstacles to using family services. Our qualitative results point out that ‘family support’ as a term is neither clearly identified nor properly understood by many citizens – or else it has different connotations. However, those families who do use the services – within the framework of transitioning to parenthood – feel supported in their psychosocial adaptations and regulatory processes. In relation to results and as compared to other EU countries, practical implications for further developments in family support approaches are discussed.
Evaluación cartográfica de la vulnerabilidad frente a derrames de hidrocarburos en ductos. Consecuencias ambientales y sociales
Authors: Daza-Leguizamón Omar Javier , Vera López Enrique , Chías Luis
Published: November 2020

La modelación y el análisis espacial han permitido mejorar la gestión de integridad de ductos de transporte de líquidos peligrosos gracias a que facilitan la identificación y la clasificación de tramos de los ductos de petróleo en función del grado de afectación que un potencial derrame pudiera ocasionar en el medio ambiente. Aunque existen herramientas de análisis basadas en Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) para la identificación de tramos, no priorizan adecuadamente las actividades de gestión de integridad sobre la tubería, ya que sus resultados no incluyen un análisis integrado del territorio. En este artículo se presenta una metodología basada en el uso del Proceso de Análisis Jerárquico (PAJ) y el cálculo del costo mínimo acumulado (CMA) para clasificar puntos sobre tubería con afectación simultánea a varias áreas de alta consecuencia. El PAJ permitió establecer la vulnerabilidad relativa de cada uno de los elementos analizados del territorio. Con el cálculo del CMA se estimó el tiempo que tardaría el derrame, originado en la tubería, en alcanzar cada elemento. La vulnerabilidad relativa y el costo mínimo acumulado se utilizaron para calcular un índice de consecuencia que se asigna a puntos sobre el trazado del ducto. La metodología fue aplicada a un poliducto en el territorio colombiano para exponer las ventajas de identificar la afectación simultánea a varios elementos del lugar. Los resultados obtenidos permiten diferenciar adecuadamente puntos con diferente nivel de afectación, y son datos útiles para la implementación del análisis de riesgo en gestión de integridad de ductos.
Superconducting Compound Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ Compared with Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ to Evaluate Transition Temperature
Authors: Saadon Abbas K. , Jasim Kareem A. , Shaban Auday H.
Published: November 2020

The high temperature superconductor’s compounds are one of the hot spot field of science, due to their applications in industries. Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ and Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ, were manufactured using a doable-step of solid state reaction method. The samples were sintered at 800 ° C. The transition temperatures Tc are found from electrically resistively by using four probe techniques. The resistivity become zero when the transition temperature Tc(offset) have 131 and 119 K, and the onset temperature Tc(onset) have 139 K for Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ and 132 K for Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ. Analysis of X-ray diffraction showed a tetragonal structure with lattice parameters changes for all samples.
Przyszłość nauk humanistycznych w perspektywie metafilozoficznej
Authors: Cyprian Gawlik Cyprian Gawlik
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to ponder upon the future of the humanities from a metaphilosophical perspective inspired by G.W.F. Hegel’s philosophy of the history of philosophy. The need for this reflection follows from the crisis that the humanities are facing today due to global changes in higher education, caused by the domination of the capitalist economy and the dramatic development of technology. The author assumes that the essence of the humanities is determined by the formation of self-understanding (Bildung) and proposes to consider this issue from a broader historical point of view and apart from the institutional context of human sciences, namely in the light of the history of philosophy, understood according to the Hegelian approach as the development of selfknowledge. The paper extensively discusses Hegel’s philosophy of the history of philosophy, as well as subsequent metaphilosophical positions inspired by Hegel’s thought (especially that of August Cieszkowski and Martin Heidegger). As a result, the question about the future of the humanities is transformed into a postulate of reflection on the primacy of technoscientific thinking in the modern world. In line with the Hegelian view of knowledge development – attributing autoperformative function to self-cognition – this kind of reflection is a potential remedy for the crisis currently diagnosed in the humanities.
Customers' preferences in selecting Islamic banks in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries
Authors: Meero Abdelrhman Ahmad , Maditheti Nishad Nawaz
Published: November 2020

The present study aim to investigate relationship between religion, higher profitability on investment, sharia board audit, services (faster/friendly), bank reputation, product and service quality and to know which variable more influence in selecting Islamic banks in GCC countries. The study adopted convenience sampling. 101 completed questionnaires were chosen for analysis. The study found that there is no relationship in between consumer preferences and higher profitability on investment, services (faster/friendly), bank reputation, but there is, however, a significant relation with regards to religion, sharia board audit and product and service quality and paper provide fresh insights to the Islamic banks and recommendations, study implications, future research possibilities also discussed.
Solutions of the (free boundary) Reifenberg Plateau problem
Authors: Labourie Camille
Published: November 2020

We solve two variants of the Reifenberg problem for all coefficient groups. We carry out the direct method of the calculus of variation and search a solution as a weak limit of a minimizing sequence. This strategy has been introduced by De Lellis, De Philippis, De Rosa, Ghiraldin and Maggi and allowed them to solve the Reifenberg problem. We use an analogous strategy proved in [C. Labourie, Weak limits of quasiminimizing sequences, preprint 2020, https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08876] which allows to take into account the free boundary. Moreover, we show that the Reifenberg class is closed under weak convergence without restriction on the coefficient group.
The Soul’s Tomb: Plato on the Body as the Cause of Psychic Disorders
Authors: Campbell Douglas R.
Published: November 2020

I argue that, according to Plato, the body is the sole cause of psychic disorders. This view is expressed atTimaeus86b in an ambiguous sentence that has been widely misunderstood by translators and commentators. The goal of this article is to offer a new understanding of Plato’s text and view. In the first section, I argue that although the body is the result of the gods’ best efforts, their sub-optimal materials meant that the soul is constantly vulnerable to the body’s influences. In the second section, I argue that every psychic disorder is a disruption of the motions of the inner psychic circles by the body; moreover, I defend my translation of 86b. In the final section, I argue that the goal of education is to restore the circles to their original orbits, and I disarm a possible objection that bad education is also a cause of psychic disorder.
The Two-Triangle Universe of Plato’s Timaeus and the In(de)finite Diversity of the Universe
Authors: Brisson Luc , Ofman Salomon
Published: November 2020

In the present article, we consider the question of the primary elements in Plato’s Timaeus, the components of the whole universe reduced, by an extraordinarily elegant construction, to two right triangles. But how does he reconcile such a model with the in(de)finite diversity of the universe? A large part of this study is devoted to Cornford’s explanation in his commentary of the Timaeus and its shortcomings, in order to finally propose a revised one, which we think to be entirely consistent with Plato’s text. This analysis is an essential step for the understanding of the connection between the sensible world and the mathematical principles that underlies Timaeus’ cosmological account.
Closed loop control of gas flow in a pipe: stability for a transient model
Authors: Gugat Martin , Hante Falk M. , Jin Li
Published: November 2020

This contribution focuses on the analysis and control of friction-dominated flow of gas in pipes. The pressure in the gas flow is governed by a partial differential equation that is a doubly nonlinear parabolic equation of p-Laplace type, where

p
=

3

2

p=\frac{3}{2}

. Such equations exhibit positive solutions, finite speed of propagation and satisfy a maximum principle. The pressure is fixed on one end (upstream), and the flow is specified on the other end (downstream). These boundary conditions determine a unique steady equilibrium flow.

We present a boundary feedback flow control scheme, that ensures local exponential stability of the equilibrium in an

L

2

{L^{2}}

-sense. The analysis is done both for the PDE system and an ODE system that is obtained by a suitable spatial semi-discretization. The proofs are based upon suitably chosen Lyapunov functions.
Feature engineering combined with 1-D convolutional neural network for improved mortality prediction
Authors: Verma Rohit , Maheshwari Saumil , Shukla Anupam
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The appropriate care for patients admitted in Intensive care units (ICUs) is becoming increasingly prominent, thus recognizing the use of machine learning models. The real-time prediction of mortality of patients admitted in ICU has the potential for providing the physician with the interpretable results. With the growing crisis including soaring cost, unsafe care, misdirected care, fragmented care, chronic diseases and evolution of epidemic diseases in the domain of healthcare demands the application of automated and real-time data processing for assuring the improved quality of life. The intensive care units (ICUs) are responsible for generating a wealth of useful data in the form of Electronic Health Record (EHR). This data allows for the development of a prediction tool with perfect knowledge backing.

Method

We aimed to build the mortality prediction model on 2012 Physionet Challenge mortality prediction database of 4,000 patients admitted in ICU. The challenges in the dataset, such as high dimensionality, imbalanced distribution and missing values, were tackled with analytical methods and tools via feature engineering and new variable construction. The objective of the research is to utilize the relations among the clinical variables and construct new variables which would establish the effectiveness of 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1-D CNN) with constructed features.

Results

Its performance with the traditional machine learning algorithms like XGBoost classifier, Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) classifier, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), K-Neighbours Classifier (K-NN), and Random Forest Classifier (RF) and recurrent models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and LSTM-attention is compared for Area Under Curve (AUC). The investigation reveals the best AUC of 0.848 using 1-D CNN model.

Conclusion

The relationship between the various features were recognized. Also, constructed new features using existing ones. Multiple models were tested and compared on different metrics.
Performance of three automated SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays and relevance of orthogonal testing algorithms
Authors: Huyghe Evelyne , Jansens Hilde , Matheeussen Veerle , Hoffbauer Ilse , Goossens Herman , Peeters Bart
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Development and implementation of SARS-CoV-2 serologic assays gained momentum. Laboratories keep on investigating the performance of these assays. In this study, we compared three fully automated SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays.

Methods

A total of 186 samples from 84 PCR-positive COVID-19 patients and 120 control samples taken before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic were analyzed using commercial serologic assays from Roche, Siemens and DiaSorin. Time after the positive COVID-19 PCR result and onset of symptoms was retrieved from the medical record. An extended golden standard, using the result of all three assays was defined, judging if antibodies are present or absent in a sample. Diagnostic and screening sensitivity/specificity and positive/negative predictive value were calculated.

Results

Diagnostic sensitivity (ability to detect a COVID-19 positive patient) ≥14 days after positive PCR testing was 96.7% (95% CI 88.5–99.6%) for DiaSorin, 93.3% (95% CI 83.8–98.2%) for Roche and 100% (95% CI 94.0–100%) for Siemens. Lower diagnostic sensitivities were observed <14 days after onset of symptoms for all three assay. Diagnostic specificity (ability to detect a COVID-19 negative patient) was 95.0% (95% CI 89.4–98.1%) for DiaSorin, 99.2% (95% CI 95.4–99.9%) for Roche and 100% (95% CI 97.0–100%) for Siemens. The sensitivity/specificity for detecting antibodies (ability of detecting absence (specificity) or presence (sensitivity) of COVID-19 antibodies) was 92.4% (95% CI 86.4–96.3%)/94.9% (95% CI 90.5–97.6%) for DiaSorin, 97.7% (95% CI 93.5–99.5%)/97.1% (95% CI 93.5–99.1%) for Roche and 98.5% (95% CI 94.6–99.8)/97.1 (95% CI 93.5–99.1%) for Siemens.

Conclusions

This study revealed acceptable performance for all three assays. An orthogonal testing algorithm using the Siemens and Roche assay achieved the highest positive predictive values for antibody detection in low seroprevalence settings.
Dynamical model for social distancing in the U.S. during the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Chitanvis Shirish M.
Published: November 2020

Background Social distancing has led to a “flattening of the curve” in many states across the U.S. This is part of a novel, massive, global social experiment which has served to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic in the absence of a vaccine or effective anti-viral drugs. Hence it is important to be able to forecast hospitalizations reasonably accurately.

Methods We propose on phenomenological grounds a random walk/generalized diffusion equation which incorporates the effect of social distancing to describe the temporal evolution of the probability of having a given number of hospitalizations. The probability density function is log-normal in the number of hospitalizations, which is useful in describing pandemics where the number of hospitalizations is very high.

Findings We used this insight and data to make forecasts for states using Monte Carlo methods. Back testing validates our approach, which yields good results about a week into the future. States are beginning to reopen at the time of submission of this paper and our forecasts indicate possible precursors of increased hospitalizations. However, the trends we forecast for hospitalizations as well as infections thus far show moderate growth.

Additionally we studied the reproducibility Ro in New York (Italian strain) and California (Wuhan strain). We find that even if there is a difference in the transmission of the two strains, social distancing has been able to control the progression of COVID 19.
Management in cases of large uterine myomas in pregnancy
Authors: Stupak Aleksandra , Bobiński Marcin , Miturski Andrzej , Kalbarczyk Barbara , Kwaśniewska Anna , Kotarski Jan
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in women of procreative age. The effects of their occurrence affect the course of pregnancy by increasing the frequency of abortions, premature delivery or premature abruption of the placenta. Medical treatment includes clinical observation, pharmacological pain control, myomectomy during pregnancy or perinatal hysterectomy.

Case presentation

We present a survey of literature and the case of a pregnant woman with an enormous uterine fibroid 23×13×16 cm on the basis of which a diagnostic-therapeutic scheme for tumors of the reproductive organs during pregnancy has been developed.

Conclusions

The study presents improved recommendations for management the pregnancies in presence of the uterine myomas based on clinical practice.
Giant congenital vascular malformation: diagnostic approach and clinical course
Authors: Mense-Dietrich Natasha , Mugarab-Samedi Veronica , Kalaniti Kaarthigeyan
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Congenital hemangiomas have been well documented, but there remains relatively little information regarding the workup of large or atypical vascular lesions in neonates beyond history and physical exam.

Case presentation

We report a case of a large congenital hemangioma overlying the anterior chest wall of a term male infant. Imaging by ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the diagnosis of congenital hemangioma, either non-involuting or rapidly-involuting type. Further imaging supported a plan to manage this case conservatively.

Conclusions

We present a case of a giant congenital hemangioma overlying most of the chest wall of a term infant and describe the findings on physical exam and imaging, as well as a work-up of similar lesions.
Modelling spreading of an infection using time series by a novel family of models; fitting the time series of the confirmed cases of COVID-19 in China
Authors: Jamshidi Babak , Jamshidi Zargaran Shahriar , Rezaei Mansour
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Time series models are one of the frequently used methods to describe the pattern of spreading an epidemic.

Methods

We presented a new family of time series models able to represent the cumulative number of individuals that contracted an infectious disease from the start to the end of the first wave of spreading. This family is flexible enough to model the propagation of almost all infectious diseases. After a general discussion on competent time series to model the outbreak of a communicable disease, we introduced the new family through one of its examples.

Results

We estimated the parameters of two samples of the novel family to model the spreading of COVID-19 in China.

Discussion

Our model does not work well when the decreasing trend of the rate of growth is absent because it is the main presumption of the model. In addition, since the information on the initial days is of the utmost importance for this model, one of the challenges about this model is modifying it to get qualified to model datasets that lack the information on the first days.
pH-responsive polymer micelles for methotrexate delivery at tumor microenvironments
Authors: Carrillo-Castillo Teresa Darlen , Castro-Carmona Javier Servando , Luna-Velasco Antonia , Zaragoza-Contreras Erasto Armando
Published: November 2020

Methotrexate (MTX) anticancer drug was successfully loaded and released in a controlled manner from polymer micelles made of a diblock copolymer of poly(monomethoxy ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL). The empty and MTX-loaded micelles (MTX/mPEG-PCL) were characterized by electron microscopy. The drug release dependence upon pH 5.4, 6.5, and 7.4 for 30 days was proven and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effect of MTX/mPEG-PCL micelles on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was evaluated through an MTT assay. The morphological analysis indicated the successful formation of micelles of 76 and 131 nm for empty and MTX-loaded micelles, respectively. An encapsulation efficiency of 70.2% and a loading capacity of 8.8% were obtained. The in vitro release of MTX showed a gradual and sustained profile over 22 days, with a clear trend to much higher release at acidic pH (80 and 90% for pH 6.7 and 5.5, respectively). The MTX/mPEG-PCL micelles showed an IC50 of MCF-7 cells at 30 µg mL−1. The results suggested that MTX/mPEG-PCL could be a promising drug delivery system for cancer treatment.
The First Oral Folk Tale Ever?
Authors: Meyer Ole
Published: November 2020

Ms. Uppsala E.8 contains an incomplete version of the wonder tale ATU 510B, Donkey-Skin, taken down from oral performance in 1612. Though briefly mentioned in reference works it is largely ignored and has not been translated before. Other than being the first known version of the tale and of the motif Three Magical Dresses known from the Cinderella cycle it is probably the first record anywhere of a folktale taken down from an oral source, as demonstrated by its form. It also appears to be the only folktale manifestation of the motif Three Animal Opponents, known prominently from Dante’s Commedia. Complete versions of the tale come from Scandinavian nineteenth-century folk tradition in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Some of these have the incest motif (The Unnatural Father) common to ATU 510 B, while others, including the 1612 fragment, do not: these tell of a farmer or similar who wants to give his daughter to a man she does not want, not of a widowed king pretending a marriage with his own child. In both cases the heroine escapes from home, assisted by a magical Animal Helper. An early fourteenth-century version as a non-magical novella is found in the Florentine collection Il Pecorone; there is also a loose connection to Straparola’s novella Tebaldo – the latter with, the former without the incest motif. Furthermore, the existence of the tale is one of several obstacles to Ruth B. Bottigheimer’s controversial theory that wonder tales were a sixteenth-century urban creation in print rather than a European oral tradition.
Coherent state transform for Landau levels on quasi-tori
Authors: Ziyat Mohammed
Published: November 2020

The spectrum of the Laplacian operator on the positive theta line bundle over the quasi-torus reduces to eigenvalues

π
⁢
ℓ

{\pi\ell}

,

ℓ
=

0
,
1
,
…

{\ell=0,1,\ldots{}}

, which are called Landau levels.
This paper discusses the coherent state transform for each eigenspace associated with a Landau level.
We construct a unitary transform valid for each eigenspace.
A concrete form of the inverse formula for the proposed transform is also obtained.
Impact evaluation and driving type identification of human factors on rural human settlement environment: Taking Gansu Province, China as an example
Authors: Dou Haojian , Ma Libang , Li Huan , Bo Jie , Fang Fang
Published: November 2020

Evaluating the quality of rural human (RH) settlements and clarifying its spatial differentiation characteristics have the most direct guiding role for the formulation of regional construction policies and the optimization of RH settlements. In this study, the index model of environmental quality of RH settlement was established. ImPACT and trade-off analysis methods were used to quantitatively identify the spatial differentiation of RH settlement and dominant impact human factors of it in Gansu Province in 2017. Then, the driving type of RH settlement environment was identified. Results are as follows. (1) The overall environmental quality of RH settlement in Gansu Province shows a decreasing trend from “west to east.” (2) The environmental quality of RH settlement is mainly affected by eight factors, of which the effect of quantity index per capita is more significant. (3) The trade-off relationship between the environmental quality index and these eight dominant factors is mainly low–low, which indicates that the human factors are the main reason for the environmental quality of the RH settlement. (4) Based on the dominant human factors, Gansu Province is classified into four driving types, of which the proportion of comprehensive type accounts for 77.01%.
Nucleotide-based green synthesis of lanthanide coordination polymers for tunable white-light emission
Authors: Zhang Yaoyao , Liu Baoxia , Shen Qi , Wei Xiuhua , Zhou Yanli , Zhang Yintang , Qu Peng , Xu Maotian
Published: November 2020

White-light emitting lanthanide(iii) metal-organic coordination polymers (LMOCPs) were prepared via a green synthesis method performed in pure aqueous solution at room temperature without using toxic solvent and reagents. This kind of LMOCP, denoted as adenosine monophosphate (AMP)/Ln-CIP, was composed of Ln3+ {Ln = Tb (1), Eu (2), and Gd (3)}, hydrosoluble biomolecule of AMP, and nonpoisonous antenna ligand of CIP (ciprofloxacin). The complex of Tb(1), Eu(2), and Gd(3) in AMP/Ln-CIP emits strong green, red, and blue light, respectively. With careful adjustment of the doping mole ratio of the three lanthanide ions {Ln = Tb:Eu:Gd = 0.1:0.9:99.0} in one framework, white light-emission can indeed be achieved. AMP/Ln-CIP is network-structural and amorphous by transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. The fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield of AMP/Ln-CIP are 4.36 ms and 36.5%, respectively.
Correlation between bacterial decay and chemical changes in waterlogged archaeological wood analysed by light microscopy and Py-GC/MS
Authors: Pedersen Nanna Bjerregaard , Łucejko Jeannette Jacqueline , Modugno Francesca , Björdal Charlotte
Published: November 2020

Erosion bacteria are the main degraders of archaeological wood excavated from waterlogged environments. Light microscopy and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) were exploited to study waterlogged archaeological wood (Pinus sylvestrisL.) at different stages of bacterial decay. The research explored the biochemical changes related to erosion bacteria degradation of the secondary cell wall in the wood cells and the chemical changes related to abiotic processes induced by the long-term waterlogged burial environment. Erosion bacteria were demonstrated by chemical analysis to cause significant holocellulose depletion. Detailed analysis of the holocellulose and lignin pyrolysis products revealed only minor chemical changes in the residual structure even after heavy erosion bacteria decay. Chemical changes in the lignin polymer is associated to enzymatic unlocking of the lignocellulose to gain access to the holocellulose fraction of the cell wall. Chemical changes in the holocellulose fraction are suggested to stem from depolymerisation and from alterations in the polymer matrix of the residual wood cell wall structure. Interestingly, a difference was observed between the sound reference wood and the waterlogged archaeological wood without erosion bacteria decay, indicating that long-term exposure in waterlogged environments results in partial decay of the holocellulose even in absence of bacterial activity.
Greater effects of high- compared with moderate-intensity interval training on thyroid hormones in overweight/obese adolescent girls
Authors: Abassi Wissal , Ouerghi Nejmeddine , Ghouili Hatem , Haouami Salma , Bouassida Anissa
Published: November 2020

Objectives

To investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity- (HIIT) vs. moderate-intensity-interval training (MIIT) on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) and insulin-resistance in overweight/obese adolescent girls.

Methods

Twenty four adolescent girls (age 16.5±1.36 yrs) were randomly allocated into three groups: (1) HIIT (2 blocks per session of 6–8 bouts of 30 s runs at 100–110% maximal aerobic speed (MAS), with 30 s active recovery between bouts at 50% MAS; n=8), (2) MIIT (2 blocks per session of 6–8 bouts of 30 s runs at 70–80% MAS, with 30 s active recovery between bouts at 50% MAS; n=8) and (3) control group (no exercise, n=8). Each training groups engaged in three sessions per week during three months. Anthropometric parameters, aerobic capacity, homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as plasma TSH and T4 levels were assessed in all subjects before- and after-training.

Results

Following both training programs, body mass, body mass index Z-score, waist circumference and body fat decreased, while aerobic capacity increased. However, TSH and T4 concentrations decreased only after the HIIT (−30.47%, p<0.05, ES=1.42 and −12.86%, p<0.05, ES=1.18; respectively). The HOMA-IR decreased in both training groups (−26.25%, p<0.05, ES=1.87 for MIIT and −21.72%, p<0.05, ES=2.14 for HIIT).

Conclusion

Twelve weeks of HIIT was effective in reducing circulating TSH and T4 levels, unlike MIIT, in overweight/obese adolescent girls. These findings indicated that the stimulation of pituitary-thyroid function is more sensitive to training intensity than training duration. Further studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.
Zivilisierte Konkurrenz: Die Entstehung der English Goethe Society und ihr Verhältnis zur Goethe-Gesellschaft Weimar
Authors: Schopf Fabienne , Nicholls Angus
Published: November 2020

The English Goethe Society (EGS) is the third oldest Goethe society in the world. Although it was founded solely as a literary society “to promote and extend Goethe’s work and thought,” at certain points in the Society’s history, speakers such as Friedrich Max Müller and Thomas Mann emphasized its political dimensions. This article demonstrates that from its founding in 1886 to the beginning of the First World War, the EGS experienced various crises, not least in its relations with other Goethe societies in Britain and with the Goethe-Gesellschaft in Weimar.
Practical intervention on quality of life of anemic girls and their mothers
Authors: Seyed Nematollah Roshan FatemehSadat , Navipor Hasan , Alhani Fatemeh
Published: November 2020

Background

Anemia is the most prevalent disease in teenage girls and like other chronic diseases not only affects different aspects of their quality of life (QOl) but also quality of life of their parents.

Objective

The aim of present study is investigating the effectiveness of family centered empowerment model (FCEM) on adolescent girls with anemia and their mother’s quality of life.

Methods

Semi-experimental practical research is performed by choosing 60 girls with anemia and their mothers classified in two case and control groups based on random allocation in Tehran city. The eight sessions of educational program based on educational needs of girls & mothers in case group done for two months. The post test was carried out 1/5 month after the end of intervention through QOl questionnaire in case and control groups. Data analysis was performed using statistical methods including t-test, paired t-test.

Results

There was no significant difference in the QOl in adolescent girls and their mothers between the two case and control groups before intervention (P=0/473 & P=0/94 respectively). While, after the intervention independent t-test showed a significant difference between the two case and control groups (P>0/001).

Conclusions

Findings showed that the FCEM promote the QOl in adolescent girls with anemia and their mothers. It is recommended that extensive studies be performed on the effectiveness of this model for other chronic diseases in different age groups.
Noninstantaneous impulsive and nonlocal Hilfer fractional stochastic integrodifferential equations with fractional Brownian motion and Poisson jumps
Authors: Ahmed Hamdy M. , El-Borai Mahmoud M. , Ramadan Mohamed E.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we introduce the mild solution for a new class of noninstantaneous and nonlocal impulsive Hilfer fractional stochastic integrodifferential equations with fractional Brownian motion and Poisson jumps. The existence of the mild solution is derived for the considered system by using fractional calculus, stochastic analysis and Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem. Finally, an example is also given to show the applicability of our obtained theory.
Ambiguous Memories of the Reformation: The Case of Norway
Authors: Rasmussen Tarald
Published: November 2020

The Reformation came to Norway along with Danish annexation of political and ecclesiastical power. For this reason, Norwegian history writing seldom appreciated the history of the Norwegian Reformation, and preferred to look further back to the history of the Middle Ages in search of national, as well as religious, roots of Norwegian Christianity. This was already the case in late sixteenth and early seventeenth century Norwegian historical writing. In nineteenth century historical research, the strategy was underpinned by focussing on the medieval period of Christianization: Norwegian Christianity was imported from the West, from England. Here, the Pope was not at all important. Instead, some key Reformation values were addressed in a kind of “proto-Reformation” in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The King was the ruler of the church; native, Old Norse language was used and promoted; and the people (strongly) identified themselves with their religion.
Global stability result for parabolic Cauchy problems
Authors: Choulli Mourad , Yamamoto Masahiro
Published: November 2020

Uniqueness of parabolic Cauchy problems is nowadays a classical problem and since Hadamard [Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations, Dover, New York, 1953], these kind of problems are known to be ill-posed and even severely ill-posed.
Until now, there are only few partial results concerning the quantification of the stability of parabolic Cauchy problems.
We bring in the present work an answer to this issue for smooth solutions under the minimal condition that the domain is Lipschitz.
The Eleventh Power Residue Symbol
Authors: Joye Marc , Lapiha Oleksandra , Nguyen Ky , Naccache David
Published: November 2020

This paper presents an efficient algorithm for computing 11th-power residue symbols in the cyclo-tomic field

ℚ

(

ζ

11

)

,

$ \mathbb{Q}\left( {{\zeta }_{11}} \right), $

where 11 is a primitive 11th root of unity. It extends an earlier algorithm due to Caranay and Scheidler (Int. J. Number Theory, 2010) for the 7th-power residue symbol. The new algorithm finds applications in the implementation of certain cryptographic schemes.
Factoring with Hints
Authors: Sica Francesco
Published: November 2020

We introduce a new approach to (deterministic) integer factorisation, which could be described in the cryptographically fashionable term of “factoring with hints”: we prove that, for any ϵ > 0, given the knowledge of the factorisations of O(N
1/3+ϵ
) terms surrounding N = pq product of two large primes, we can recover deterministically p and q in O(N
1/3+ϵ
) bit operations. This shows that the factorisations of close integers are non trivially related and that consequently one can expect more results along this line of thought.
The Ideal Gas in Slow Time
Authors: Essex Christopher , Andresen Bjarne
Published: November 2020

We continue our exploration of thermodynamics at long observational timescales, “slow time,” by including turbulent dynamics leading to a condition of fluctuating local equilibrium. Averaging these fluctuations in wind speed and temperature results in a velocity distribution with heavy tails which, however, are necessarily truncated at some large molecular speed preserving all moments of the velocity distribution including the energy. This leads to an expression for the ideal gas law in slow time which as its core has the superficially familiar term

3

2

N
k
θ

\frac{3}{2}Nk\theta

in addition to a term accounting for the large-scale fluctuations, which is also proportional to the particle number N; θ is a new temperature including thermalization of wind. The traditional temperature T no longer exists. Likewise, the additional energy term necessitates a new quantity that parallels entropy in the sense that it captures hidden degrees of freedom. Like entropy, it captures physical properties manifesting indirectly, but on scales larger than the familiar laboratory scales. We call this quantity epitropy.
Relative error analysis of matrix exponential approximations for numerical integration
Authors: Maset Stefano
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study the relative error in the numerical solution of a linear ordinary differential equation y′(t) = Ay(t), t ≥ 0, where A is a normal matrix. The numerical solution is obtained by using at any step an approximation of the matrix exponential, e.g. a polynomial or a rational approximation. The error of the numerical solution with respect to the exact solution is due to this approximation as well as to a possible perturbation in the initial value. For an unperturbed initial value, we find: 1) unlike the absolute error, the relative error always grows linearly in time; 2) in the long-time, the contributions to the relative error relevant to non-rightmost eigenvalues of A disappear.
Matrix equation solving of PDEs in polygonal domains using conformal mappings
Authors: Hao Yue , Simoncini Valeria
Published: November 2020

We explore algebraic strategies for numerically solving linear elliptic partial differential equations in polygonal domains. To discretize the polygon by means of structured meshes, we employ Schwarz–Christoffel conformal mappings, leading to a multiterm linear equation possibly including Hadamard products of some of the terms. This new algebraic formulation allows us to clearly distinguish between the role of the discretized operators and that of the domain meshing. Various algebraic strategies are discussed for the solution of the resulting matrix equation.
How to select and present cultural data: a challenge to lexicography
Authors: Rull Antoni Nomdedeu
Published: November 2020

Foreign language learners need to get cultural information during their learning process for their oral and written comprehension and expression activities. Current lexicographic products are not characterized by showing explicit, systematic, and organized cultural data about cultural words or expressions found in their vocabularies. Current lexicographic products are not characterized by showing explicit and/or systematically cultural data about cultural words or expressions found in their vocabularies. Consequently, learners’ communicative and cognitive needsare not satisfied when looking up any cultural word and/or expression. One of the challenges of lexicography is how to select and represent cultural data in various lexicographic products. Overcoming this double challenge will depend on how these lexicographic tools cope with the following actions: (1) personalization of the lexicographic product; (2) integration in other tools (e.g. writing assistants); and (3) development of the product as a learning tool and not only a consultation tool. In view of this issue, this paper discusses about how to select cultural data from different sources and how to represent them in Write Assistant, a tool created by the Danish language technology company Ordbogen and published in 2019, though still in progress. Special attention will be given to Spanish speakers learning the English language.
Enhancing the role of culture-specific constructs in Chinese (-English) dictionaries for international learners
Authors: Zhang Yihua , Mi Hanfu
Published: November 2020

The growing number of people learning Chinese as a second language (CSL) appears to precipitate an increasing demand for Chinese dictionaries for international learners (CDIL). However, many of these dictionaries are not accepted by Chinese learners around the world. This paper, starting with the status quo and the current challenges of the CDIL, attempts to highlight the role of culture-specific constructs (CSCs) in compiling dictionaries for learners from various perspectives. The discussion is directed to the inseparable relationship between CDIL and Chinese CSCs from the viewpoint of cultural differences, the characteristics and classification of CSCs in the light of cultural anthropology and lexicography, as well as the culture enhancement in entry-word selection and definition according to the characteristics of second language acquisition and users’ dictionary needs. Finally, based on the analysis of the CSCs extracted from the Chinese-Related English Corpus, the translational definition method and principles of the CDIL are proposed. In addition, the conceptual integration mechanism for cross-cultural memetic calque of CSCs is profiled with practical instances drawn from the Corpus.
The treatment of cultural words in Chinese foreign dictionaries--a case study on “粽子”
Authors: Fang Huang
Published: November 2020

The treatment of cultural words in bilingual dictionaries has always been an aporia for lexicographers who differ greatly in their opinions and practices on methods and strategies used on cultural words. The present study, taking Chinese cultural speciality 粽子 (zongzi) as an example, examined the treatment of this word in Chinese foreign dictionaries. Problems were found through both investigation on dictionaries and comparison with the data presented in a Chinese corpus: 1. inconsistent presentation; 2. insufficiently presented information; 3. difference in translation strategies. This paper gives suggestions to solve these problems by fully presenting cultural information and stressing the accuracy, sufficiency and the identity of 粽子 in Chinese foreign dictionaries in order to meet the consulting needs of foreign users of this cultural word.
Kulturell geprägte Wörter zwischen sprachlicher Äquivalenz und kultureller Kompetenz. Am Beispiel deutsch-italienischer Wörterbücher
Authors: Nied Curcio Martina
Published: November 2020

Misunderstandings between speakers of different languages occur not only on a linguistic level but also on a cultural one. Consultation of a bilingual dictionary does not necessarily help in this case, as information on the cultural level is often missing. In this paper we will discuss how bilingual dictionaries can draw attention to cultural divergences so that the dictionary user acquires cultural knowledge and is able to build an intercultural competence. Examples from four bilingual dictionaries (German-Italian) are given to illustrate how culture-bound words are represented. For this purpose, a classification of culture-bound words is offered. Finally, the prerequisites and possibilities of an appropriate representation of culture-bound items in bilingual dictionaries will be proposed.
The Deipnosophists and Dr Johnson
Authors: Witty Michael
Published: November 2020

His admirers assert that the first English dictionary was Johnson’s but this is denied by antagonists who cite late medieval and early Renaissance lexicographers such as Thomas Elyot, Thomas Cooper and John Florio. The admirers emphasize Johnson’s merit above earlier authors and assert innovations to the form. This paper shows both views are limited and lexicography has a much greater antiquity seen in Athenaeus and earlier. All these works, which were composed over thousands of years, did not come from Evolution where Athenaeus is a common ancestor. Instead they are products of literary Spontaneous Generation, showing that Homo est animal grammaticum.
Harnessing Indigenous Knowledge through Community Involvement in Public Libraries in South Africa
Authors: Mhlongo Maned
Published: November 2020

Public libraries exist to serve the information needs of communities, meaning their services need to be reflective of those served communities. However, the literature points to under-usage of libraries among indigenous communities in South Africa, and suggests that the perceived irrelevance of libraries could be a contributing factor. The argument made in this article is for the involvement of communities in planning and implementing services, to enhance awareness, relevance and use of libraries. Such involvement would also provide a space for communities to contribute content based on their indigenous knowledge. In this qualitative multiple case study of purposively selected provincial library services in South Africa, data were collected using semi-structured interviews with library heads. The data were coded and categorised according to themes derived from the stated research questions. The findings show a disjuncture between the interpretation and application of the concept of community involvement – a misalignment that has a negative impact on the ability of libraries to provide inclusive services. A framework for community involvement is suggested as a way of enhancing the synergy between community information needs and public library service provision. The proposed framework identifies indigenous communities, libraries and archival institutions as key stakeholders in harnessing indigenous knowledge. It is recommended that a similar study be conducted with community librarians where the nuances of communities can be unveiled, given that the current participants were heads of library services.
A new 2D dibutyltin coordination polymer with 3,5-dinitrosalicylate and 4,4’-bipyridine ligands
Authors: Tian Laijin , Wang Ruili , Zhang Jiawei , Liu Qingtao
Published: November 2020

A new 2D dibutyltin coordination polymer with 3,5-dinitrosalicylate and 4,4’-bipyridine ligands, [{Bu2Sn(3,5–(NO2)2–2–OC6H2COO)}2(4,4’-bpy)]n (1), has been synthesized and characterized both spectroscopically (IR, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR) and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The coordination geometry of tin atom in 1 is a distorted octahedron. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylate as doubly charged anion ligand adopts chelating-bridging mode to coordinate to tin atoms, and 4,4’-bipyridine further bridges the tin atoms to form a 2D herringbone-like network structure containing the 34-membered hexa-nuclear macrocycles.