bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
External validation of the priapism impact profile in a Jamaican cohort of patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Morrison Belinda F. , Madden Wendy , Asnani Monika , Sotimehin Ayodeji , Anele Uzoma , Jing Yuezhou , Trock Bruce J. , Burnett Arthur L.
Published: October 2021

Background

Priapism impairs quality of life and has a predilection for males with sickle cell disease (SCD). The Priapism Impact Profile (PIP) is a novel 12-item instrument designed to measure general health-related impact of priapism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the PIP in a Jamaican cohort of SCD patients experiencing priapism.

Methods

One hundred SCD patients with a history of priapism were recruited from a sickle cell clinic in Kingston, Jamaica and administered the PIP questionnaire. Patients rated each item of the PIP for clarity and importance. Statistical testing was employed to evaluate the psychometric performance of the PIP. Content validation was assessed based on patient descriptive rating of the items based on clarity, and importance and criterion-oriented validity were assessed by evaluating the PIP’s ability to distinguish between patient subgroups. Test-retest repeatability was assessed in 20 of the 100 patients.

Results

Patients were stratified into active (54) and remission (46) priapism groups based on their experience of priapism within the past year. Patients in the active priapism group were younger (p = 0.011), had a shorter duration of disease (p = 0.023), and had more frequent priapism episodes (p = 0.036) than the remission group. PIP questionnaire scores differed significantly with respect to priapism activity (p < 0.001) and prevalence of erectile dysfunction (p < 0.05) but not by priapism severity (p = 0.62). The PIP questionnaire had good content validity, with questions rated as having medium or high clarity and importance by an average of 82.8% and 69.2% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion

The PIP questionnaire was successfully validated in a Jamaican cohort of SCD patients and adequately discriminated patients with active priapism from those in remission. The instrument may be utilized in routine clinical management of patients with SCD-associated priapism. Further clinical investigations are warranted in other populations.
The magnitude of hypertension and associated factors among clients on highly active antiretroviral treatment in Southern Ethiopia, 2020: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lukas Kaleegziabher , Markos Endrias , Belayneh Fanuel , Habte Akili
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Following the introduction of Highly Active Anti Retro Viral Treatment (HAART), the survival of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) has improved. However, hypertension remains a major challenge for people living with HIV. Very little effort has been made to examine the magnitude of hypertension and its contributing factors among clients receiving HAART, particularly in southern Ethiopia. Hence, the current study aimed at determining the frequency of Hypertension and associated factors among clients receiving HAART at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study took place from January 20- March 20, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was employed in the selection of 397 clients. Interviewer administered pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters of PLHIV were measured. The data was encoded and entered using Epi Data Version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Then bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to present the estimated effect size and declare the presence of statistically significant association respectively.

Results

The magnitude of hypertension among clients on HAART was 11.0% 95% CI [7.93, 14.04]. Being on HAART for at least 60 months (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.24–5.21), being on TDF/3TC/EFV combination (AOR: 4.61, 95% CI: 2.52–8.3), and high alcohol consumption (AOR: 4.31, 95% CI: 1.84–10.02) were identified as significant predictors of hypertension among clients on HAART.

Conclusion and recommendation

The magnitude of hypertension in the study area was in a considerable state to plan and implement intervention measures. For those clients who have received TDF/3TC/EFV and TDF/3TC/NVP and those who have been on HAART for 60 months, a strong emphasis should be placed on planning a strict follow-up. A concerted effort among health care providers is needed through counseling and education to discourage the habit of high alcohol consumption among clients.
Sex differences in the association of vitamin D and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents
Authors: Murni Indah K. , Sulistyoningrum Dian C. , Gasevic Danijela , Susilowati Rina , Julia Madarina
Published: October 2021

Background

It has been shown that vitamin D is associated with obesity and the development of atherosclerosis. Less is known about this association among adolescents with obesity.

Objectives

To determine the association of vitamin D level and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) among obese adolescents.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among obese children aged 15 to 17 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The association of vitamin D and other metabolic risk factors (triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and insulin resistance using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) with CIMT was explored by multivariable linear regression models.

Results

Out of 156 obese adolescents, 55.8% were boys. Compared to girls, boys had higher BMI z-score, waist circumference, and HDL-cholesterol. After adjustment for age, sex and second-hand smoke exposure, high HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels were associated with higher odds of elevated CIMT. In analyses stratified by sex, a similar trend was observed in boys, while none of the risk factors were associated with CIMT in girls. We observed no association between vitamin D and CIMT.

Conclusions

Hyperinsulinemia, higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were associated with greater odds of elevated CIMT among obese adolescent boys.
Explaining consumer motives to purchase in the informal economy
Authors: Horodnic Ioana Alexandra , Williams Colin Charles , Windebank Jan , Zaiț Adriana , Ciobanu Claudia Ioana
Published: October 2021

Usually, studies on the informal economy focus mainly upon those working in the informal economy (supply side). However, many exchanges in the informal economy are initiated by purchasers asking how much a good or service costs if paid cash in hand. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to advance understanding of who make purchases in the informal economy and the reasons of the consumers making these purchases (demand side). Two potential explanations are evaluated. Firstly, consumers are explained as rational economic actors seeking a more convenient deal or profit maximisation (i.e., lower price or better value for money), making purchases from the informal economy due to the lack of availability of the product or service they need on the formal market, or they make such purchases involuntarily, due to the lack of perfect information necessary to make a fully rational economic decision when purchasing. Secondly, the consumers are portrayed as social actors pursuing community help. Using a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis on a 2019 Eurobarometer interviews in 27 EU member states and the UK reveal how the prevalence of these motives significantly varies across populations and regions. The theoretical and policy implications of the findings are discussed in the concluding section.
New genes involved in Angelman syndrome-like: Expanding the genetic spectrum
Authors: Aguilera Cinthia , Gabau Elisabeth , Ramirez-Mallafré Ariadna , Brun-Gasca Carme , Dominguez-Carral Jana , Delgadillo Veronica , Laurie Steve , Derdak Sophia , Padilla Natàlia , de la Cruz Xavier , Capdevila Núria , Spataro Nino , Baena Neus , Guitart Miriam , Ruiz Anna
Published: October 2021

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder characterized by severe developmental delay with absence of speech, happy disposition, frequent laughter, hyperactivity, stereotypies, ataxia and seizures with specific EEG abnormalities. There is a 10–15% of patients with an AS phenotype whose genetic cause remains unknown (Angelman-like syndrome, AS-like). Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on a cohort of 14 patients with clinical features of AS and no molecular diagnosis. As a result, we identified 10de novoand 1 X-linked pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 10 neurodevelopmental genes (SYNGAP1,VAMP2,TBL1XR1,ASXL3,SATB2,SMARCE1,SPTAN1,KCNQ3,SLC6A1andLAS1L) and one deleteriousde novovariant in a candidate gene (HSF2). Our results highlight the wide genetic heterogeneity in AS-like patients and expands the differential diagnosis.
Variation of tuberculosis prevalence across diagnostic approaches and geographical areas of Indonesia
Authors: Noviyani Alvera , Nopsopon Tanawin , Pongpirul Krit
Published: October 2021

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) has contributed to a significant disease burden and economic loss worldwide. Given no gold standard for diagnosis, early identification of TB infection has been challenging. This study aimed to comparatively investigate the prevalence of TB across diagnostic approaches (sputum AFB, sputum culture, sputum genetic test, and chest x-ray) and geographical areas of Indonesia.

Methods

Participant demographic variables and TB screening test results were obtained from the Tuberculosis Unit, Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health (HRDA-MoH). The prevalence of pulmonary TB in populations aged 15 years and over was calculated using TB cases as a numerator and populations aged 15 years and over as a denominator. Variations across geographical areas and diagnostic approaches were expressed as prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A total of 67,944 records were reviewed. Based on bacteriological evidence, the prevalence of TB per 100,000 in Indonesia was 759 (95% CI: 589.7–960.8) with variations across areas: 913 (95% CI 696.7–1,176.7; Sumatra), 593 (95% CI 447.2–770.6; Java-Bali), and 842 (95% CI 634.7–1,091.8; other islands). Also, the prevalence of TB varied across diagnostic approaches: 256.5 (sputum AFB), 545 (sputum culture), 752.2 (chest x-ray), and 894.9 (sputum genetic test). Based on sputum AFB, the TB prevalence varied from 216.6 (95% CI 146.5–286.8; Java-Bali), 259.9 (95% CI 184.2–335.6; other islands) to 307.4 (95% CI 208.3–406.5; Sumatra). Based on sputum culture, the TB prevalence ranged from 487.9 (95% CI 433.6–548.6; Java-Bali), 635.9 (95% CI 564.9–715.1; Sumatra), to 2,129.8 (95% CI 1,664.0–2,735.6; other islands). Based on chest x-ray, the TB prevalence varied from 152.1 (95% CI 147.9–156.3; Java-Bali), 159.2 (95% CI 154.1–164.3; Sumatra), to 864 (95% CI 809–921.4; other islands). Based on sputum genetic test, the TB prevalence ranged from 838.7 (95% CI 748.4–900.8; Java-Bali), 875 (95% CI 775.4–934.2; Sumatra), to 941.2 (95% CI 663.6–992.3; other islands).

Conclusions

The variation of TB prevalence across geographical regions could be confounded by the diagnostic approaches.

Trial registration

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No. 684/63).
Shiny Things: Reflective Surfaces and Their Mixed Meanings
Authors: Diepeveen Leonard , van Laar Timothy
Published: October 2021

Discusses meanings of shininess in art and in culture generally. Shininess is physically and metaphorically present in the construction of concepts such as utopia, the sublime, and camp; and the way its affects, rooted in excess produce irony, anxiety, pleasure and kitsch. A compelling subject that instantly attracts and fascinates.
Onderzoeksrapport Samen werken aan Bèta Burgerschap
Authors: Guérin Laurence , Sins Patrick , Klaver Lida , Walma van der Molen Juliette
Published: October 2021

In het TechYourfuture project ‘Samen werken aan Bèta Burgerschap’, dat plaats vond in de periode maart 2015 - maart 2020, gaven de onderzoekers samen met scholen en bedrijven concreet invulling aan burgerschapsonderwijs. De maatschappij en maatschappelijke vraagstukken worden steeds complexer. Politieke, technologische, economische, sociaal-culturele of ecologische aspecten van een vraagstuk zijn met elkaar verweven. Daarnaast spelen ook globale en lokale dimensies een rol. Er zijn alleen hierdoor al meerdere antwoorden mogelijk op een vraagstuk. Gedurende het project hebben basisschoolleerlingen (wereldwijde) maatschappelijk-technologische vraagstukken geanalyseerd, bediscussieerd en daar oplossingen voor bedacht. Leraren hebben in het project geleerd bèta burgerschap activiteiten te ontwikkelen, uit te voeren en te evalueren. In de kern gaat het er in Bèta Burgerschap om dat leerlingen door groepsgewijs vraagstukken op te lossen burgerschapscompetenties ontwikkelen. Het gaat hier om drie hoofdcompetenties: (1.) Collectieve argumentatievaardigheden, (2.) Attituden ten opzichte van maatschappelijk technologische vraagstukken en, (3.) Bèta- en techniekkennis. In het onderzoek ‘Samen werken aan Bèta Burgerschap’ is gekeken naar de ontwikkeling van deze drie hoofdcompetenties bij leerlingen die deelnamen aan Bèta Burgerschap activiteiten, alsook naar de effecten van de training en video-coaching die de leerkrachten in het project gevolgd hebben. De resultaten hiervan zijn in het onderzoeksrapport te lezen. Het onderzoek laat zien dat Bèta Burgerschap een aanpak is die leerlingen mogelijkheden biedt om te oefenen met groepsgewijs probleem oplossen als burgerschapscompetentie. Door op school met maatschappelijk-technologische vraagstukken aan de slag te gaan, doen leerlingen meer kennis op over deze vraagstukken en worden zij zich meer bewust van wat er in de wereld speelt en van hoe zij zich verhouden tot deze vraagstukken. Om met Bèta Burgerschap aan de slag te gaan en het netwerk denken en de discussie doeltreffend te begeleiden, blijkt het professionaliseringstraject van toegevoegde waarde te zijn.
Fracture Resistance of Primary Molars Restored with Endocrowns Versus Zirconia Crowns (An in Vitro Study)
Authors: Sabbah Ayman , Kamel Mostafa
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aimed to assess the fracture resistance of primary molars restored with endocrowns compared to prefabricated zirconia crowns. Methods: Twelve sound, defect-free primary second molars were selected and divided into two groups: group I included 6 molars restored with zirconia crowns, while group II included 6 teeth restored with endocrowns. For both groups access cavity was prepared for the teeth to open pulp chamber. Fracture resistance of both groups was tested using a universal testing machine. Results: Zirconia crown showed statistically significantly higher mean fracture resistance than Endocrown (P-value = 0.001, Effect size = 2.72). Conclusion: Pulpotomized primary molars restored with Zirconia crowns showed significantly higher mean fracture resistance compared to primary molars restored with endocrowns, meanwhile both restorations have shown higher mean fracture resistance than the maximum biting force in children.
Keywords
 Composite resins; Endocrown; Fracture strength; Zirconia crowns.
Risk Factors for Bleeding After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Cancer in Elderly Patients Older Than 80 Years in Japan
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsushige , Hatta Waku , Tsuji Yosuke , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Yabuuchi Yohei , Hoteya Shu , Doyama Hisashi , Nagami Yasuaki , Hikichi Takuto , Kobayashi Masakuni , Morita Yoshinori , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Iguchi Mikitaka , Tomida Hideomi , Inoue Takuya , Mikami Tatsuya , Hasatani Kenkei , Nishikawa Jun , Matsumura Tomoaki , Nebiki Hiroko , Nakamatsu Dai , Ohnita Ken , Suzuki Haruhisa , Ueyama Hiroya , Hayashi Yoshito , Murata Masaki , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Michida Tomoki , Yada Tomoyuki , Asahina Yoshiro , Narasaka Toshiaki , Kuribayashi Shiko , Kiyotoki Shu , Mabe Katsuhiro , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro , Masamune Atsushi , Kawai Takashi
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

As the aging of people in a society advances, the number of elderly patients older than 80 years in Japan with gastric cancer continues to increase. Although delayed ulcer bleeding is a major adverse event after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), little is known about characteristic risk factors for bleeding in elderly patients undergoing ESD. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for delayed bleeding after ESD for gastric cancer in elderly patients older than 80 years.

METHODS:

We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of delayed bleeding after ESD in 10,320 patients with early-stage gastric cancer resected by ESD between November 2013 and January 2016 at 33 Japanese institutions and investigated risk factors for delayed bleeding in elderly patients older than 80 years.

RESULTS:

The incidence of delayed bleeding in elderly patients older than 80 years was 5.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6%–6.9%, 95/1,675), which was significantly higher than that in nonelderly (older than 20 years and younger than 80 years) patients (4.5%, 4.1%–5.0%, 393/8,645). Predictive factors for ESD-associated bleeding differed between nonelderly and elderly patients. On multivariate analysis of predictive factors at the time of treatment, risk factors in elderly patients were hemodialysis (odds ratio: 4.591, 95% CI: 2.056–10.248, P < 0.001) and warfarin use (odds ratio: 4.783, 95% CI: 1.689–13.540, P = 0.003).

DISCUSSION:

This multicenter study found that the incidence of delayed bleeding after ESD in Japanese patients older than 80 years was high, especially in patients receiving hemodialysis and taking warfarin. Management of ESD to prevent delayed bleeding requires particular care in patients older than 80 years.
Chemical management of Cyperus rotundus L. and other weeds at sugarcane in PSS system
Authors: Giraldeli Ana Ligia , Silva André Felipe Moreira , Baccin Luisa Carolina , Araújo Lucas da Silva , Silva Gustavo Soares da , Pagenotto Ana Carolina Viviani , Victoria Filho Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Among the main weeds with difficult to control in the sugarcane fields can be cited purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). This specie was observed in the seed bank in sugarcane fields harvested with or without burning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides in pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) of sugarcane in the control of C. rotundus and other weeds. The work was carried out in the field, in a randomized complete block design, and four replications. The treatments corresponded to the herbicides applied in pre-planting: sulfentrazone (800 g a.i. ha-1), diclosulam (193.17 g a.i. ha-1), imazapic (133 g a.i. ha-1) and imazapyr (500 g a.e. ha-1); post-planting: halosulfuron (112.5 g a.i. ha-1), ethoxysulfuron (135 g a.i. ha-1), MSMA (1,975 g a.i. ha-1) and 2,4-D (1,340 g a.e. ha-1); besides a control treatment weeding and another without weeding. The symptoms of injury on sugarcane plants, percentage of weed control, variables related to agronomic performance of sugarcane, and yield were evaluated. The herbicides diclosulam, imazapic, and imazapyr caused serious damage to the crop. The halosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, MSMA, and 2,4-D did not cause symptoms of injury to sugarcane, however, the treatments had a reduced yield due to the low weed control. The sulfentrazone treatment obtained the second highest yield but with effective weed control (>70%) up to 45 days after planting. The best controls were obtained with pre-planting treatments; however, herbicide positioning studies should be performed in relation to PSS.
Phytochemical, antibacterial and antioxidant screening of Artemisia santolinifolia various parts
Authors: Nowsheen Tabinda , Hazrat Ali , Ali Shah Sayed Wadood , Bibi Shabana , Begum Afshan , Mukhtiar Muhammad , Khan Adam
Published: October 2021

The current study was carried out to explore the phytochemical, antioxidant potential and antibacterial activities of the crude methanolic extract of A. santolinifolia Turcz. Ex Besser. The antioxidant activity was carried out by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay, while methanolic extract displayed the highest scavenging activity (DPPH) was 61.31µg/ml on Artemisia santolinifolia root and the lowest (51.05µg/ml) was record for their leaves. Similarly, in (ABTS) the highest activity (89.16µg/ml) was recorded for roots of A. santolinifolia followed by leaves (68.14µg/ml). In low inhibitory concentration assay, the crude methanolic extracts showed significant inhibition against all tested microbes on different concentrations like 25 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml, and 100 µg/ml. The leaves extract of A. santolinifolia AsL showed MIC of 12.5µg/ml for B. subtilis, a gram-positive bacterium, 50µg/ml for gram positive bacteria S. aureus and 37.5 µg/ml for gram negative bacteria P. aeruginosa that is almost equal to the response of standard ciprofloxacin. Our current study revealed that Artemisia santolinifolia root (AsR) exhibited a significant antioxidant potential while AsL showed good antibacterial effect which is suggested to be used for treatment and management of different infectious diseases.
Optimal Design and Techno-Economic Analysis for Corncob Particles Briquettes: A Literature Review of the Utilization of Agricultural Waste and Analysis Calculation
Authors: Dani Nandiyanto Asep Bayu , Azizah Nissa Nur , Santiuly Girsang Gabriela Chelvina
Published: October 2021

Corncob is usually disposed of directly as waste, creating problems in the environment, while it can be converted into valuable materials. This research aimed to evaluate the literature review on briquette production from agricultural waste (using non-binder and cold press with a binder) and the current works on techno-economic analysis, to propose an optimal design for the production of briquette from corncob waste, and to perform a techno-economic analysis based on the selected optimal processing method. The engineering perspective based on stoichiometry and mass balance showed the potential corncob briquette manufacture in both home and large scales due to the possible use of inexpensive and commercially available equipment and raw materials. The economic perspective [based on several economic evaluation factors (i.e., gross profit margin, payback period, break-even point, cumulative net present value, return of investment, internal rate return, and profitability index) under ideal and non-ideal conditions by considering internal (i.e., sales, raw materials, utilities, and variable cost) and external aspects (i.e., tax)] confirmed the prospective development of the project in the large-scale production with a lifetime of more than 18 years. The main issue in the project is the raw material (i.e. tapioca flour), giving the most impact on the project’s feasibility. Even in severe conditions, the project is feasible. The great endurance was also confirmed in the case of a higher tax rate. This study demonstrates the importance of producing corncob-based briquettes for improving the economic value and giving alternatives for problem solvers in the utilization of agricultural waste.
Los sustantivos abstractos en la escritura y evaluación de textos académicos
Authors: Godínez López Eva Margarita , Alarcón Neve Luisa Josefina
Published: October 2021

Los estudiantes de bachillerato están expuestos a un discurso académico cada vez más complejo y se espera que adopten las convenciones de ese discurso en sus propios textos. Con el interés de conocer las habilidades que se asocian al dominio de la escritura académica, se analizó un corpus de textos producidos por estudiantes en un bachillerato del centro de México. Los textos fueron agrupados según el dominio de la escritura académica como fue percibido por cinco jueces expertos en el uso de rúbricas para valorar textos. Los sustantivos del corpus se categorizaron bajo criterios semánticos en concretos y abstractos, y se realizaron pruebas estadísticas para relacionar el uso de estas categorías con el nivel de dominio percibido (alto/bajo), con especial interés en los sustantivos abstractos, por la complejidad cognitiva que se les atribuye. El método fue cuantitativo correlacional y se emplearon herramientas de análisis léxico automatizado. Los resultados indican que el uso de sustantivos abstractos en los textos influye en la manera en que son calificados por los jueces: los textos mejor calificados tienen una alta proporción de sustantivos abstractos, especialmente de constructos teóricos y conceptos que, aunque de uso poco frecuente, marcan un diferente nivel percibido de dominio escritural. Esta información permite conocer mejor los usos del lenguaje que son valorados en el discurso académico y que se asocian con su escritura; a la vez, dan pie a reflexionar sobre la conveniencia de analizar críticamente esos patrones en la cultura discursiva académica, previamente a su incorporación en el aula.
Challenges and Opportunities of Engaging School Nurses in a Diabetes Care Team in a Culturally Diverse Lowincome Community – a Mixed-methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Tonyushkina Ksenia , Cobb Victoria , Lawson Grace , Dunn Kathleen , Pelzek Jason , Blain Therese , Clancy Jeanne , Allen Holley
Published: October 2021

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of monthly insulin dose adjustments for students with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) through collaboration between pediatric diabetes clinic and school nurses. Methods: We conducted a single-arm adaptive feasibility trial with 30 students from a culturally diverse low-income community. School nurses were trained to download glucose meters and insulin pumps. Outcomes measures included the rate of glucose meter/insulin pump downloads occurred versus planned. We conducted 2 focus groups (N = 23) to seek feedback from school and clinic nurses on the collaboration and used content analysis to identify common themes. Results: The rate of glucose meter/insulin pump downloads was 27%. Feasibility obstacles were grounded in lack of time for nurses and psychosocial stressors in the community. We found a trend toward better diabetes control during the school year versus summer. We identified better communication between the school and clinic nurses and ongoing diabetes education for school nurses as strengths of the pilot. Conclusion: We propose shared clinic visits, care coordination, and behavioral health support as directions for future programs. Our findings provide directions for policy development to strengthen school nurse collaboration with diabetes clinics and improve care of students with T1DM from culturally diverse low-income communities.
Épidémiologie des norovirus et de la gastroentérite virale en Ontario, Canada, 2009 à 2014
Authors: Hughes Stephanie L , Greer Amy L , Elliot Alex J , McEwen Scott A , Young Ian , Papadopoulos Andrew
Published: October 2021

Contexte : Le norovirus est la cause la plus courante de gastroentérite aiguë au Canada. La maladie cause une grande morbidité et des coûts sociétaux élevés. L’objectif de cet article est de décrire l’épidémiologie des norovirus dans la province de l’Ontario, au Canada, de 2009 à 2014. Méthodes : Pour évaluer l’activité des norovirus et de la gastroentérite virale en Ontario, trois ensembles de données ont été acquis auprès du gouvernement provincial, soit deux ensembles de données de surveillance traditionnelles (éclosions et laboratoires) et des données de surveillance syndromique (télésanté), tous couvrant la période de 2009 à 2014. Toutes les éclosions, les demandes de laboratoire et les appels de télésanté ont d’abord été évalués pour le nombre total de gastroentérites virales. On a calculé les totaux de norovirus et de maladies qui semblent provenir des norovirus sous forme de proportion de gastroentérite virale afin d’estimer les niveaux d’activité propres aux agents. Les types d’établissements touchés, les sexes et les groupes d’âge ont également été analysés. Résultats : Entre 2009 et 2014, 41,5 % des éclosions de gastroentérite virale, 63,4 % des soumissions aux laboratoire de gastroentérite virale et 36,6 % de tous les appels à la télésanté liés à la gastroentérite aiguë (non limités aux causes virales) ont été attribués aux norovirus et aux maladies qui semblent provenir des norovirus en Ontario. Le type d’établissement le plus souvent touché était celui des foyers de soins de longue durée et les groupes d’âge les plus touchés étaient les plus jeunes (moins de cinq ans) et les plus âgés (plus de 65 ans). Les femmes étaient légèrement plus touchées que les hommes. Conclusion : Les norovirus et les maladies qui semblent provenir des norovirus ont été la principale cause de gastroentérite virale en Ontario entre 2009 et 2014. Ils représentaient le pourcentage le plus élevé de gastroentérite virale par rapport à tous les autres virus associés aux gastroentérites virales. Des travaux supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer tous les coûts des composantes et les mesures de santé publique nécessaires pour réduire le fardeau de la maladie.
Fardeau de la diphtérie au Canada de 2006 à 2017, selon les données administratives d’hospitalisations et les données sur les maladies à déclaration obligatoire
Authors: Lin Dolly , Ho Mi Fane Brigitte , Squires Susan G , Dickson Catherine
Published: October 2021

Contexte : Le Canada a maintenu une faible incidence de la diphtérie toxigène depuis les années 1990 grâce à un engagement continu envers les programmes de vaccination financés par l’État. Objectif : Déterminer si les données d’hospitalisation, complétées par les données sur les maladies à déclaration obligatoire, peuvent décrire le fardeau de la diphtérie respiratoire et cutanée toxigène au Canada, ainsi qu’estimer si le Canada est en voie d’atteindre sa cible de réduction des maladies évitables par la vaccination pour la diphtérie, qui est de zéro cas par année de diphtérie respiratoire transmise localement. Méthodes : Les données sur les congés des personnes hospitalisées liés à la diphtérie de 2006 à 2017 ont été extraites de la base de données sur les congés des patients (BDCP), et les données sur les cas de diphtérie pour la même période ont été extraites du Système canadien de surveillance des maladies à déclaration obligatoire (SCSMDO), afin de procéder à des analyses descriptives. Étant donné que les données de la province du Québec ne sont pas incluses dans la BDCP, les cas du SCSMDO du Québec ont été exclus de l’analyse. Résultats : Au total, 233 hospitalisations liées à la diphtérie ont été enregistrées dans la BDCP. De ce nombre, la diphtérie était le diagnostic principal dans 23 cas. La moitié des patients étaient des hommes (52 %) et 57 % étaient âgés de 60 ans et plus. La région centrale (Ontario) comptait le plus grand nombre d’enregistrements de congés des patients (61 %), suivie de la région des Prairies (Alberta, Manitoba et Saskatchewan [23 %]). La diphtérie cutanée représentait 43 % des enregistrements, la diphtérie respiratoire 3 %, et le reste était d’autres complications liées à la diphtérie ou la diphtérie dont la localisation n’était pas spécifiée. Deux patients pour lesquels la diphtérie était le diagnostic principal ont entraîné le décès des patients hospitalisés. Dix-huit cas de diphtérie ont été déclarés par l’entremise du SCSMDO. Les cas étaient observés dans tous les groupes d’âge, dont la plus grande proportion de cas chez ceux de 20 à 59 ans (39 %) et ceux de 19 ans et moins (33 %). Les cas n’ont été rapportés que dans les Prairies (89 %) et les régions de la côte Ouest (Colombie-Britannique [11 %]). Conclusion : Les données administratives des hôpitaux sont conformes à la faible incidence de diphtérie déclarée dans le SCSMDO et le faible fardeau de la diphtérie respiratoire au Canada. Bien que le Canada semble en bonne voie pour atteindre sa cible de réduction des maladies, l’information sur la transmission endémique n’est pas disponible
De mica en mica s’omple la pica de Jaume Fuster: un intent de consolidar la novel·la negra i policíaca a Catalunya
Authors: Wegner Magdalena
Published: October 2021

Discussing the Catalan crime fiction may appear as a challenging scientific task due to its lacking autochthonous tradition. The scholars exploring this issue have come to conclusion that, even though there were authors such as Rafael Tasis o Manuel de Pedrolo, whose contribution to this literary genre’s solid foundations seems indubitable, Jaume Fuster is the writer responsible for its consolidation in the Catalan literary system in the 1970s. The aim of the present paper is to analyze Jaume Fuster’s De mica en micas’omple la pica in a specific historical context in order to present some of his foreign influences and inspirations. Specifically, it investigates whether the author remained indifferent to external literary products or whether he chose deliberately some of the archi-genre’s elements in order to implement and consolidate crime fiction in Catalonia. For this purpose, we have applied some of the principles of Even-Zohar’s Polysystem Theory. The results showed that De mica en mica s’omple la pica not only has played a major role in the consolidation of crime fiction but it also placed its author in one of the central positions in the Catalan literary polysystem. Moreover, Fuster tended to interact with different foreign traditions by using in his works modified crime fiction components based on the unique repertory conditioned by the geopolitical situation of Catalonia.
Między ratio a emotum. Polsko-rosyjskie postrzeganie wzajemne w perspektywie binarnej
Authors: Nakoneczny Tomasz
Published: October 2021

A characteristic feature of Polish-Russian mutual perception is binarity, manifesting itself in various discursive spaces, from colloquial stereotypes, through popular literature, to sophisticated forms of meta-historical discourse. Asian-Europeanness, Latin-Byzantism/Orthodoxy, collectivism-individualism, and authenticity-falsehood, are just some of the oppositions that organise the social imagination of Poles and Russians in the sphere of their mutual assessments and opinions. The article draws attention to the partial manifestations of such oppositions (literary discourse, postcolonial studies, etc.) in order to show their hidden, dialectical dimension. To achieve this goal, the author refers to the category of ratio and emotum, which refers to a specific current of the European philosophical tradition. Both of these binary categories are the foundation for creating an image of the Other. They also fit into self-defining strategies important for understanding Polish and Russian identity.
Пространства Марины Цветаевой
Authors: Voitekhovich Roman
Published: October 2021

The hallmarks of space in Tsvetaeva’s poetic world are vertical orientation, two-worldness (many-worldness), measurability, and “immensity”, often expressed by asymmetry. Tsvetaeva’s model of the double world is presented both in its pure form and in a multilayer one (the model of “matryoshka” according to Lotman) with a hierarchical vertical correlation of spaces. The vertical sets the plots, stylistics, system of characters, system of time and expectations of the reader. Tsvetaeva is a bright representative of irrational tendencies in art, which manifest themselves against the background of rational ones, through their violation. Thus, The Attempt of a Room (1926) builds on an imaginary effort to present a hexagonal box of a rendezvous, but fails. The last poem I Keep Repeating the First Verse… (1940) is a poetic reaction to the “mistake in counting”: there should be not six but seven souls at the table. In one of her poems, Tsvetaeva calls herself “one who has edited the miracle with numbers”. This formula aphoristically expresses the nature of creativity asfirst intuitive search, and then rational design. The mathematical calculation of the composition of her books is an analogue of the metric-stanzaic “frame” of her lyrics. In the given proportions she often uses a deliberate failure by one unit (for example, in the collection From Two Books she adds one extra poem, which was originally missing in these two books).
Travelling to the described present: mago-space in the Strugatskys’ Monday starts on Saturday
Authors: Тулякова Наталья , Никитина Наталья
Published: October 2021

Fantasy and science fiction genres extensively use imaginary settings and locations different from realistic ones but striving to look real. Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, pioneers of the science fiction genre in Russia, actively exploited the potential of both genres in their early tale, Monday starts on Saturday (1964), which combines features of the two space types. The present paper analyses the principles of creating ‘mago-space’ in the book. To do so, we look at the spatial organization of the events involved in the plot and the personages’ ideas regarding space. The research will enable us to clarify the role of space in conveying the authors’ message, which in this tale is quite explicit. We argue that the space changes significantly within the book, accompanying genre transformations and the development of the protagonist. Since the tale uses ‘mental sublocations’ as the main units of spatial organization, each part is determined by a certain type of cultural heritage. In the first part, it is the mental space of folklore and classical literature, in the second – that of mythology and science fiction, and in the final – philosophy and science. Mental spaces that coexist and follow various laws form a narrative which turns out to be a journey to the described present in the variety of its forms.
A sour cherry orchard. An excursion through Chekhovian green spaces
Authors: Negro Francesca
Published: October 2021

The cherry orchard marks the end of Anton Chekhov’s life, consecrating him as the author who defined the threshold of the new epoch. In this article, I construe the garden as the motif linking Chekhov’s sensitivity to the general spirit of his era, revealing his poetics to the global stage as the distinctive mark of a historical and socioeconomic shift. On this path, I will clarify how the subtle difference between sour cherries and sweet cherries becomes a symbol of Chekhov’s dramatic construction, and how his poetics are built on nuances and subtle shifts in meanings, representing the irrevocable fading of a culture. A philological reflection combined with an attentive reading of Chekhov’s letters, Stanislavsky’s memoirs and scenic sketches reveal the author’s interest in the relationship between man and nature as well as the need to read his work from a more spatial-oriented standpoint. Chekhov clearly anticipates the so-called ‘spatial turn’, approaching space not through the description of a specific landscape or dramaturgical setting, but from a phenomenological point of view, leading him to profound reflections on the relationship between physical planning and socio-political development, as later conceptualised by key social thinkers such as Henry Lefebvre and Edward Soja. Chekhov’s dramaturgical construction and symbology are the result of this awareness and endless passion for nature in all its forms.
Hölderlins Homburger Folioheft in diachroner Darstellung
Authors: Steimer Hans Gerhard
Published: October 2021

Literary compositional drafts and working manuscripts preserve traces of the gradual process of writing and its different stages. In the static medium of print, genetic editions are confronted with the problem of depicting the dynamic evolution of texts. Presenting the variants in line-by-line synoptic display disregards the spatial arrangement on the manuscript pages. On the other hand, giving a topographic representation of the writing in diplomatic transcripts might stratify it into a few chronological layers but is unable to sufficiently reproduce the dynamic process to an elaborate degree. Consequently, the screen is better suited to visualise the writing process. The digital presentation of the ‘Homburg Folio’, the most important manuscript of Friedrich Hölderlin’s late work, offers not only the transcriptional record as known from print media but displays the process of writing and revision on each of the facsimile’s pages itself (https://homburgfolio.wlb-stuttgart.de). Thus, it is possible to visualise writing both as an act in time and its graphic result on the space of a page. It confines itself to the presentation of the genesis without any constitution of a text. The combination of these different operations has often led to errors. Decoupling the genetic analysis from the extrapolation of text reveals its potential.
Economic aspect of combined transport
Authors: Říha Zdeněk , Dočkalíková Iveta
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the current issues of combined transport; at the beginning, the crucial terms and definitions are stated. Combined transport is evaluated on the basis of statistics in the Czech Republic. According to these statistics, combined transport has a rising tendency, although the potential has not been fully utilized. The article defines reasons why carriers might choose only road transport. Problems of the utilization of combined transport from the carriers´ point of view are mentioned; increased demand for organization and carriage in particular. Furthermore, it focuses on modern trends in combined transport, especially in terms of modern technologies and the utilization of informatics systems. In the conclusion, the article also presents a method of economic evaluation of combined transport on the basis of its cost comparison with road transport.
Inhibitory effect of mitoquinone against the α-synuclein fibrillation and relevant neurotoxicity: possible role in inhibition of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Yu Gege , Wang Yonghui , Zhao Jinhua
Published: October 2021

Extensive studies have reported that interaction of α-synuclein amyloid species with neurons is a crucial mechanistic characteristic of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and small molecules can downregulate the neurotoxic effects induced by protein aggregation. However, the exact mechanism(s) of these neuroprotective effects by small molecules remain widely unknown. In the present study, α-synuclein samples in the amyloidogenic condition were aged for 120 h with or without different concentrations of mitoquinone (MitoQ) as a quinone derivative compound and the amyloid characteristics and the relevant neurotoxicity were evaluated by Thioflavin T (ThT)/Nile red fluorescence, Congo red absorption, circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase-9/-3 activity assays. Results clearly showed the capacity of MitoQ on the inhibition of the formation of α-synuclein fibrillation products through modulation of the aggregation pathway by an effect on the kinetic parameters. Also, it was shown that α-synuclein samples aged for 120 h with MitoQ trigger less neurotoxic effects against SH-SY5Y cells than α-synuclein amyloid alone. Indeed, co-incubation of α-synuclein with MitoQ reduced the membrane leakage, oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress, modifications of macromolecules, and apoptosis.
Artificial metalloenzymes in a nutshell: the quartet for efficient catalysis
Authors: Ebensperger Paul , Jessen-Trefzer Claudia
Published: October 2021

Artificial metalloenzymes combine the inherent reactivity of transition metal catalysis with the sophisticated reaction control of natural enzymes. By providing new opportunities in bioorthogonal chemistry and biocatalysis, artificial metalloenzymes have the potential to overcome certain limitations in both drug discovery and green chemistry or related research fields. Ongoing advances in organometallic catalysis, directed evolution, and bioinformatics are enabling the design of increasingly powerful systems that outperform conventional catalysis in a growing number of cases. Therefore, this review article collects challenges and opportunities in designing artificial metalloenzymes described in recent review articles. This will provide an equitable insight for those new to and interested in the field.
Integration of deterministic and game-based energy consumption scheduling for demand side management in isolated microgrids
Authors: ElGhanam Eiman A. , Osman Ahmed H. , Hassan Mohamed S. , Assaf Tasneem , Mir Hasan
Published: October 2021

In this work, a group Autonomous Demand-Side Management (ADSM) program for day-ahead scheduling of energy consumption profiles in an isolated microgrid is proposed, aiming to reduce the overall energy generation cost. The proposed program is applied to a Multiple-Sources Multiple-Customers (MSMC) system, consisting of a shared centralized energy source, distributed Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and Distributed Storage Elements (DSEs). The proposed program integrates a Deterministic Energy Management (DEM) strategy with a Tabu Search (TS)-based scheduling game to reduce the computational complexity while acknowledging the intermittent nature of RESs as well as the level of customers’ comfort. Moreover, an equitable billing mechanism for charging customers based on their energy consumption and adherence to their assigned schedules is implemented. Simulations of the proposed program reveal that the TS-based algorithm offers similar energy generation costs and peak-to-average energy ratio (PAER) to those obtained with a benchmark Branch and Bound (BB) algorithm, with a significantly lower computational complexity, while being superior in computational complexity, energy costs and PAER to an algorithm based on Parallel Monte Carlo Tree Search (P-MCTS). Furthermore, the proposed integrated DEM and TS-based scheduling strategy in an MSMC system is demonstrated to offer 48% reduction in the one-day energy generation costs, compared to a SSMC system managed using a TS-based scheduling game alone.
The Old and the New Israel: The Cultural Origins of the Special Relationship
Authors: Shalev Eran
Published: October 2021

Understandings of the new American nation as a “Second Israel,” and a prevalent political discourse devoted to the narratives of the Old Testament, were a distinct trait of the early United States. Indeed, the images and narratives of the Old Testament were as common in the formative decades of the United States, in the words of the great historian Perry Miller, as “the air that the people breathed.” This attachment to the Old Testament, and the fact that American nationalism and twentieth century Zionism crystalized around the biblical history of the Israelites, bears considerably on the relationship of the two nations. The “special” bond between the modern countries, which is commonly understood in terms of pragmatism, interests, and shared ideologies, thus rests on a deep cultural connection. The American public’s consistent backing of the State of Israel (one that far surpasses the constituency of evangelical Christian Zionists), which politically translates into a robust, lasting and bi-partisan support that defies the arithmetic of appeals to Jewish voters (or donors) seems puzzling at times. It becomes more intelligible in light of the centuries-long tradition of American public speech describing the nation as a new incarnation of biblical Israel. This usable biblical past, which continues to influence American culture in meaningful ways, adds an important dimension for our understanding of the “special relationship” between the United States and Israel.