bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteoarticular Allograft Transplantation of the Trochlear Groove for Trochlear Dysplasia
Authors: DePhillipo Nicholas N. , Kennedy Mitchell I. , Aman Zachary S. , Moatshe Gilbert , LaPrade Robert F.
Published: May 2018

Case:

A 21-year-old woman with recurrent lateral patellar instability caused by severe trochlear dysplasia and concomitant grade-IV trochlear chondromalacia was treated successfully with osteoarticular allograft transplantation of the entire trochlear groove.

Conclusion:

The treatment of chronic lateral patellar instability caused by trochlear dysplasia can be challenging. When nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful, a sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty may be indicated. However, contraindications for a trochleoplasty include grade-IV chondromalacia of the patellofemoral joint. Even with this contraindication, an osteoarticular allograft transplant of the trochlear groove can serve as a salvage procedure to improve knee function.
Suppression of Weeds and Increases in Food Production in Higher Crop Diversity Planting Arrangements: A Case Study of Relay Intercropping
Authors: Su Benying , Liu Xin , Cui Liang , Xiang Bao , Yang Wenyu
Published: May 2018

Crop diversification plays an important role in increasing land use efficiency and weed suppression. A field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] relay intercropping and corresponding monocultures in Southwest China in 2012 to 2013. Differences were observed in crop productivity, weed diversity, and weed biomass. Grain yield and aboveground biomass for maize did not differ between intercropped and monocultured maize; however, they were lower for soybean in intercropping compared to soybean in monoculture (SM). Greater decreases were evident for the intercropping of one row of soybean alternated with one row of maize (MSRI1) (−46% for yield and −55% for biomass) than the intercropping of two rows of soybean alternated with two rows of maize (MSRI2) (−10% for yield and −27% for biomass). The total grain yield and aboveground biomass in MSRI2 were higher than those in MSRI1 (5.9% for yield and 6.4% for biomass), monoculture maize (MM, 16% for yield and 24% for biomass), and SM (394% for yield and 227% for biomass). Weed diversity and biomass in the intercropped phase were lower in MSRI1 and MSRI2 than in MM and SM, and the total weed biomass during the entire growing season also decreased in intercropping as compared with monocultures and fallow, with decreases of 28, 40, and 60% in MSRI1 and 29, 41, and 61% in MSRI2 compared with MM, SM, and fallow, respectively. In addition, more light was also captured by intercrops than by those in monoculture and fallow. Correlation analysis suggested that crop diversity suppressed weed growth by increasing the interception of light by crops.
Soil‐Test Biological Activity with the Flush of CO2: III. Corn Yield Responses to Applied Nitrogen
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J.
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas

Relative corn yield was associated with residual inorganic and mineralizable N.

Soil‐test biological activity was a good surrogate for predicting N availability.

Economically optimum N fertilizer requirement could be adjusted with soil testing.

Corn (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal grain in many states and typically receives large N fertilizer inputs, irrespective of historical management. Tailoring N inputs to soil‐specific conditions would help to increase efficiency of N use and avoid environmental contamination. A total of 47 trials were conducted on research stations and private farms in four different regions of North Carolina and Virginia from 2014 to 2016 to associate soil N availability with yield response to sidedress N application. Corn grain yield was 10.6 ± 3.4 Mg ha–1 on 36 sites and silage yield was 44.6 ± 8.2 Mg ha–1 on 11 sites. There was positive association between relative yield (i.e., yield without sidedress N application divided by yield with full fertilization) and levels of both plant available N (residual inorganic N + net N mineralization during 24 d) and the flush of CO2 following rewetting of dried soil during 3 d. Economically optimum N fertilizer requirement (EONR) at sidedress declined with increasing level of plant available N and soil‐test biological activity (i.e., the flush of CO2). The scalable N factor for production at EONR declined from 20 kg N Mg–1 of grain (i.e., 1.1 lb N bu–1) with no soil biological activity to no N required with soil‐test biological activity of 600 mg CO2–C kg–1 in a 3‐d period (depth of 0–10 cm). The flush of CO2 when determined in spring at or prior to planting corn was considered an ideal soil‐test indicator of soil biological activity due to its simple, rapid, and reliable characteristics related to potential soil N mineralization and corn yield responses to applied N fertilizer.
Green product buying intentions among young consumers: extending the application of theory of planned behavior
Authors: Setyawan Andhy , Noermijati Noermijati , Sunaryo Sunaryo , Aisjah Siti
Published: May 2018

This research reveals the factors explaining the purchase intention toward green products among young consumers. Young consumers are beginner consumers who are going to play an important role to take a responsibility in preserving the environment. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is selected as the main theoretical framework in this research alongside some other variables (environmental concern, environmental knowledge, and willingness to pay), which are added in the research model to expand TPB application. Three hundred and twenty-six respondents were interviewed through a survey and the data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).The findings illustrated that not every explanatory variable influenced the purchase intention toward green products among young consumers. Environmental concern and attitude did not influence the purchase intention toward green products among young consumers.
Removal of tetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solutions using easily regenerable pumice: batch and column study
Authors: Lu Jianbo , Xu Kai , Li Wanlu , Hao Dongmei , Qiao Lingmin
Published: May 2018

Mineral pumice as an adsorbent was explored for tetracycline (TC) removal from water. Pumice was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch and column studies were conducted to investigate the adsorbability of pumice towards TC. Results showed that the TC adsorption amount declined as the pH increased from 3 to 9 and was strongly dependent on ionic strength. Adsorption kinetic data fitted to the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich model very well (R2 > 0.9). Intraparticle diffusion was the main rate controlling step during TC adsorption. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were utilized to simulate isotherm data (10–30°C). The obtained Langmuir uptake amount (20°C) was 3.345 mg/g. Thermodynamic analyses showed that the TC uptake amount increased with the temperature rising, suggesting its endothermic nature. At pH 6 and 8, both Pb2+ and Cu2+ significantly promoted the TC removal (>25%) via ion bridging action. Adsorption mechanisms mainly involved physisorption (Van der Waals & electrostatic forces) and chemisorption via the formation of inner-sphere complexes. Column tests showed that the exhausted column could be effectively regenerated using alkaline EDTA solution. Current results suggest that pumice is a promising adsorbent for TC removal from aqueous solutions.
Selected Applications for Current Polymers in Prosthetic Dentistry - State of the Art
Authors: Kawala Maciej , Smardz Joanna , Adamczyk Lukasz , Grychowska Natalia , Wieckiewicz Mieszko
Published: May 2018

Background:

Polymers have wide applications in medicine, including dentistry, i.e.
in prosthetic dentistry.

Aim:

The following paper is aimed at demonstrating the applications of selected modern
polymers in prosthetic dentistry based on the reported literature.

Material and Methods:

The study was conducted using the PubMed, SCOPUS and CINAHL
databases in relation to documents published during 1999–2017. The following keywords were
used: polymers with prosthetic dentistry, impression materials, denture base materials, bite
registration materials, denture soft liners, occlusal splint materials and 3D printing. Original
papers and reviews which were significant from the modern clinical viewpoint and practical
validity in relation to the possibility of using polymeric materials in prosthetic dentistry were
presented.

Results:

Denture base materials were the most commonly modified polymers. Modifications
mainly concerned antimicrobial properties and reinforcement of the material structure by introducing
additional fibers. Antimicrobial modifications were also common in case of relining
materials.

Conclusion:

Polymeric materials have widely been used in prosthetic dentistry. Modifications
of their composition allow achieving new, beneficial properties that affect the quality of patients’
life. Progress in science allows for a more methodologically-advanced research on the
synthesis of new polymeric materials and incorporation of new substances into already known
polymeric materials, that will require systematization and appropriate classification.
Lifestyle and Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Yegen Berrak C.
Published: May 2018

The risk of developing Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) was shown to be associated with genetic
inheritance, lifestyle and social status of the patients. Unhealthy lifestyle habits and failure in coping with stress
have been closely associated with the occurrence of PUD. In contrary, limiting the use of analgesic drugs and
glucocorticoids, controlling environmental and socioeconomic factors that predispose to H. Pylori infection,
having a balanced diet, exercising regularly, coping successfully with stress, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol
intake and getting sufficient night sleep are essential in prevention and healing of PUD.
Selection of a GPER1 Ligand via Ligand-based Virtual Screening Coupled to Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Its Anti-proliferative Effects on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Martínez-Muñoz Alberto , Prestegui-Martel Berenice , Méndez-Luna David , Fragoso-Vázquez Manuel J. , García-Sánchez José Rubén , Bello Martiniano , Martínez-Archundia Marlet , Chávez-Blanco Alma , Dueñas-González Alfonso , Mendoza-Lujambio Irene , Trujillo-Ferrara José , Correa-Basurto José
Published: May 2018

Background:

Recent reports have demonstrated the role of the G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor
1 (GPER1) on the proliferation of breast cancer. The coupling of GPER1 to estrogen triggers cellular signaling
pathways related to cell proliferation.

Objective:

Develop new therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.

Method:

We performed in silico studies to explore the binding mechanism of a set of G15 /G1 analogue compounds.
We included a carboxyl group instead of the acetyl group from G1 to form amides with several moieties
to increase affinity on GPER1. The designed ligands were submitted to ligand-based and structure-based virtual
screening to get insights into the binding mechanism of the best designed compound and phenol red on GPER1.

Results:

According to the in silico studies, the best molecule was named G1-PABA ((3aS,4R,9bR)-4-(6-
bromobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[c]quinoline-8-carboxylic acid). It was
synthesized and assayed in vitro in breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and normal (MCF-10A) cell
lines. Experimental studies showed that the target compound was able to decrease cell proliferation, IC50 values
of 15.93 µM, 52.92 µM and 32.45 µM in the MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cell lines, respectively,
after 72 h of treatment. The compound showed better IC50 values without phenol red, suggesting that phenol red
interfere with the G1-PABA action at GPER1, as observed through in silico studies, which is present in MCF-7
cells according to PCR studies and explains the cell proliferation effects.

Conclusion:

Concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation occurred with G1-PABA in the assayed
cell lines and could be due to its action on GPER1.
Detection and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in Shrimp Samples
Authors: Asgarpoor Daryoush , Haghi Fakhri , Zeighami Habib
Published: May 2018

Background:

Food safety has emerged as an important global issue with international trade and public health implications. Bacterial pathogens asVibrio parahaemolyticusrecognized as an important cause of foodborne diseases related to the consumption of raw, undercooked or mishandled seafood worldwide.

Methods:

A total of 70 individual wild shrimp samples were collected from shrimp retail outlets in Zanjan, Iran and investigated for the presence of potentially pathogenic strains ofV. parahaemolyticus.The shrimp samples were immediately homogenized and cultured on TCBS agarand subjected to confirmatory biochemical tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for detection of total and pathogenicV. parahaemolyticusby amplification ofvp–toxR,tdhandtrhgenes.

Results:

The conventional method indicated that 16 (22.8%) of samples were positive forV. parahaemolyticus. However, PCR verified that only 12 (17.1%) shrimp samples were positive forV. parahaemolyticus.Of the 70 shrimp samples in our study, only 2 (2.8%)tdhand 1 (1.4%)trhpositive strains were identified.

Conclusion:

Detection oftdhand/ ortrhpositiveV. parahaemolyticusin shrimp marketed in Zanjan, Iran shows a probable risk for public health. Therefore, the reliable molecular methods for monitoring of potentially pathogenicV. parahaemolyticusare strongly recommended for the routine seafood examination.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Natural Convection in a Fractured Petroleum Reservoir Domain: Single-Phase and Multi-Phases Investigations
Authors: Kaydani Hossein , Mohebbi Ali , Forghani Amir Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Background:

Natural convection is one of the main effective production mechanisms in a fractured petroleum reservoir.

Objective:

This paper investigated the simulation of natural convection heat transfer in a fracture domain of petroleum reservoir.

Methods:

This is done by using Lattice-Boltzmann Equation (LBE) method. In this study, a D2Q9 lattice model was coupled with the passive-scalar lattice thermal model to represent density, velocity and internal energy distribution function, respectively.

Results and Conclusion:

The results were in excellent agreement with CFD results from the literature. The effects of Rayleigh number and Aspect-Ratio (AR) on flow pattern and temperature distribution were studied. The results indicated that natural convection rate increased with the Rayleigh number increment. The local Nusselt number (Nu) was evaluated on the hot wall and it was rising with increasing the Rayleigh number. Streamlines and temperature field were affected significantly by changing the aspect-ratio. Moreover, first of all, natural convection in Single Component Mutli-Phase (SCMP) was discussed and here and then after validation of SCMP model, the results indicated that the streamline and isotherm were affected by second phases because of the formation of two-phase flow in some of the reservoirs or production period.
The Effect of Lycopene Treatment on Oxidative DNA Damage of Experimental Diabetic Rats
Authors: Karahan F. , Dede S. , Ceylan E.
Published: May 2018

Objective:

Lycopene is a carotenoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lycopene on oxidative DNA damage levels in experimental diabetic rats.

Subjects and Methods:

Four experimental groups, each consisting of 7 rats, were prepared as Controls, Diabetes (D), Lycopene-treated diabetes (DL) and Lycopene (L). STZ (45 mg/kg) was administered to the diabetic groups intraperitoneally in a single dose. Lycopene was administered to the L and DL groups (10 mg lycopene/kg/day). The test procedure continued for four weeks. To understand the occurrence of diabetic conditions, serum glucose and HbA1c% in the whole blood were determined. The 8-OHdG levels, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, were determined in the blood serum.

Results:

Blood glucose and HbA1c% were higher in the DL group than in the control group and L group (p <0.05) and lower in the D group (p <0.05). 8-OHdG levels were higher in D group than the other groups (p <0.05) while 8-OHdG levels in DL group were lower than D group (p <0.05) and approximated to the control group.

Conclusion:

It can be suggested that lycopene may be described as a protective agent to prevent oxidative DNA damage originated from diabetes.
Introduction to Psycholinguistics—A Review
Authors: Balamurugan K.
Published: May 2018

How the human mind constructs a thought and applies it into language is called psycholinguistics. The paper aims to flash a light on psycholinguistics for a beginner and tries to flash the area untouched so far on psycholinguistics, for a high end reader of the subject. Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language. The paper discusses the origin of the subject, its growth and issues and issues to be clarified through research. Further it throws light it sprawling areas and its present day uses and utilities etc. The paper ends touching the behavioral tasks, neuro-maging, and language production errors.
Thermoeconomic analysis of spiral heat exchanger with constant wall temperature
Authors: Milovancevic Uros , Jacimovic Branislav , Genic Srbislav , El-Sagier Faraj , Otovic Milena , Stevanovic Snezana
Published: May 2018

Thermoeconomic analysis of spiral heat exchanger is conducted. Different geometrical parameters, such as outer diameter, plate height, passage gap, etc. are used and varied in a wide range. Detailed thermal and total costs analyses were performed for two spiral heat exchanger with different process fluids (water and thermal oil) with temperature changes, while the wall temperature was kept constant (condensation). The results were shown graphically. It is determined that optimum values of number of entropy generation units correspond to minimum total annual cost. The optimal solution could be found in the recommended range of geometric sizes for defined inlet and outlet temperatures and process fluid-flow rate.
Urban air pollution caused by the emission of PM10 from the small household devices and abatement measures
Authors: Gvero Petar , Radic Ranka , Kotur Milovan , Kardas Danijela
Published: May 2018

This paper is focusing on particulate matter (PM10 ) as the one of the main pollutants in the urban environments, and the one of the main sources of PM emissions are small household furnaces. This paper shows a part of the results of the research related to measurements of the ambient concentrations of aerosols and definition of the sources of the pollution in one part of Banja Luka city area, with dominant private households. Spatial and seasonal variability of concentrations indicates a significant contribution of biomass and fossil fuel burning as well as specific meteorological conditions. By using positive matrix factorization, technique chemical composition data for PM10 were analysed in order to identify the possible sources and estimate their contribution to PM mass. A biomass combustion devices were identified as the one of dominant PM10 emission sources during the winter season, because highly determined correlation between PM10 and potassium content. From the other side, the results of the project ?Typology of Residential Buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina?, were used as a tool for prediction and quantification of influence of the household?s appliances on the pollution as well as for definition of the possible measures for reduction for this specific location. This approach took in consideration spatial distribution of buildings, but also their type, which can give the opportunity to estimate their present energy needs and predict improvements, which can lead to reduction of the PM10 pollution at the end. On that base, some recommendations for the improvements were analysed.
Decision support model for perishable items impacting ramp type demand in a discounted retail supply chain environment
Authors: Tripathy P.K. , Sukla Sujata
Published: May 2018

A single item EOQ model has been developed considering demand as a two parameter ramp type function and deterioration as a Heaviside's function. Both pre and post deterioration discounts are considered where the former helps in maintaining constancy in the demand rate and the latter one boosts the demand of decreased quality items. The starting time periods of pre and post deterioration discount have been determined. The effect of both types of discounts in optimising the profit is examined through numerical illustrations. Sensitivity analysis is also appended to find out the effect of various system parameters. From this study it is observed that it will be more advantageous for management to offer pre deterioration discount in enticing the profit.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU MAHASISWA TENTANG PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK (PSN) DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) TERHADAP KEBERADAAN JENTIK AEDES AEGYPTI
Authors: Bestari Rochmadina Suci , Siahaan Purnama Parulian
Published: May 2018

Metode Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) 3M merupakan cara yang mudah dan murah untuk dilakukan akan tetapi kenyataannya cara ini tidak terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini sangat erat dengan kebiasaan hidup bersih dan pemahaman serta perlakuan terhadap bahaya DBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku mahasiswa tentang PSN DBD terhadap keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti di Desa Karang Asem Kecamatan Laweyan Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini termasuk observasional analitik non eksperimen dengan pendekatan cross sectional, pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling sejumlah 43 responden. Data diperoleh dari data primer dengan kuesioner dan uji pemeriksaan larva. Analisis statistitik menggunakan Uji spearman. Hasil penelitian secara statistik dengan uji spearman didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang PSN DBD terhadap keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti dengan nilai ρ=0,464 (ρ > 0.05) dan terdapat hubungan antara tingkat perilaku PSN DBD terhadap keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti. tingkat pengetahuan PSN DBD tidak terdapat hubungan terhadap keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti dan terdapat hubungan tingkat perilaku PSN DBD terhadapat keberadaan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kata Kunci: Tingkat Pengetahuan PSN DBD, tingkat perilaku PSN DBD, keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti
HUBUNGAN INTRAVESICAL PROSTATIC PROTRUSION DAN POST-VOID RESIDUAL URINE DENGAN LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS PADA PASIEN KLINIS BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA TANPA RETENSI
Authors: Andaru Muhammad Eko , Wibisono Wibisono , Wijanarko Suharjo
Published: May 2018

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) merupakan salah satu tumor jinak yang sering ditemukan pada pria usia lebih dari 50 tahun yang dapat menyebabkan lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). LUTS merupakan kumpulan gejala dari bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Konfigurasi anatomi prostat berupa intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) telah terbukti memiliki korelasi yang baik untuk menyebabkan BOO. Peningkatan signifikan volume post-void residual urine (PVR) adalah manifestasi klinis yang sering terdapat pada pasien dengan BPH. Saat ini di RSDM, LUTS masih menjadi standar dalam menentukan tata laksana BPH. Berdasarkan uraian di atas peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian hubungan IPP dan PVR dengan LUTS pada pasien klinis BPH tanpa retensi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien klinis BPH tanpa retensi yang datang ke poliklinik selama periode penelitian, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) untuk mengukur IPP dan volume PVR serta menilai skor IPSS untuk menilai derajat LUTS. Analisis data hubungan antara IPP dan PVR terhadap LUTS dilakukan dengan uji statistik parametrik regresi linier menggunakan software (α < 0,05). Penelitian dilakukan pada 13 pasien klinis BPH tanpa retensi, pada analisis bivariat dari hasil uji statistik antara IPP dengan LUTS didapatkan nilai r= 0,911 dan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), sedangkan PVR dengan LUTS didapatkan nilai r= 0,922 dan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), yang berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara IPP dengan LUTS serta PVR dengan LUTS. Pada analisis multivariat, nilai koefisien regresi IPP, p=0,017 (p<0,05), sedangkan nilai koefisien regresi PVR, p=0,953 (p>0,05), Sehingga IPP lebih baik untuk memprediksi beratnya LUTS dibandingkan dengan PVR. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa, terdapat hubungan IPP dan PVR dengan LUTS pada pasien klinis BPH tanpa retensi.Kata Kunci: benign prostatic hyperplasia, intravesical
PENGARUH EKSTRAK PROPOLIS TERHADAP PENINGKATAN EKSPRESI p21, EKSPRESI PROTEIN Bax DAN INDUKSI APOPTOSIS PADA KULTUR SEL KANKER KOLON (CELL LINE WiDr)
Authors: Prasetyo Didik , Maryono Suradi , Purwanto Bambang
Published: May 2018

Kanker kolorektal merupakan kanker ketiga terbanyak dengan lebih dari 1 juta kasus setiap tahunnya dan salah satu kanker dengan mortalitas tertinggi di seluruh dunia. Radioterapi dan kemoterapi pada kanker relatif terbatas karena toksisitasnya yang tinggi dan efek samping yang bersifat merusak. Pengembangan propolis merupakan strategi baru untuk terapi adjuvan yang diharapkan meminimalkan efek samping terapi standar yang ada. Peran propolis pada keganasan terkait kemampuannya dalam menginduksi apoptosis dan aktivitas antiproliferasi. Penelitian in vitro, menunjukkan propolis memiliki aktivitas proapoptosis pada berbagai jenis sel kanker, meliputi : kanker laring, kanker paru, kanker pankreas, kanker tiroid, kanker payudara, kanker prostat dan glioma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian propolis yang berasal dari Kerjo, Karanganyar, Indonesia terhadap aktivitas antiproliferasi, terkait peningkatan ekspresi p21 dan induksi apoptosis terkait peningkatan ekspresi protein bax pada kultur sel kanker kolon (cell line WiDr). Jenis penelitian ini, eksperimental laboratorik dengan post test with control group design. Penelitian menggunakan kultur sel WiDr (sel kanker kolon) dengan pemberian ekstrak etanol propolis (EEP). Pengamatan ekspresi p21 dan protein Bax dengan metode imunositokimia, sedangkan pengamatan induksi apoptosis dengan flowcytometry. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis dilanjutkan Mann WhutneyU test. EEP cenderung menekan viabilitas sel WiDr dengan IC50 sebesar 140 μg/mL. EEP konsentrasi 70,140, 280 μg/mL mampu meningkatkan ekspresi p21 yang sebanding dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan. EEP konsentrasi 70 μg/mL (1/2 IC50) paling efektif dalam menginduksi apoptosis dan meningkatkan ekspresi Bax pada sel WiDr. Peningkatan konsentrasi EEP mengakibatkan kematian sel WiDr ke arah nekrosis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan EEP mampu menekan viabilitas sel WiDr. Aktivitas ini kemungkinan terkait dengan kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan ekspresi p21 sebanding dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan. EEP pada konsentrasi 70μg/mL mampu menginduksi apoptosis pada sel WiDr terkait dengan peningkatan ekspresi Bax. Peningkatan konsentrasi EEP konsentrasi 140 dan 280 μg/Ml mengakibatkan nekrosis sel WiDr. Kata kunci: EEP, p21, protein bax, cell line WiDr
PENGARUH SECRETOME SEL PUNCA MESENKIMAL TERHADAP EKSPRESI INTERLEUKIN-1β DAN CASPASE-1
Authors: Shiddiqi Toumi , Adnan Zainal Arifin , Nurudhin Arief
Published: May 2018

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus adalah penyakit inflamasi autoimun kronis dengan manifestasi klinis  beragam dan luas. Pemberian injeksi pristan intraperitoneal dapat menginduksi lupus pada mencit. IL-1β merupakan sitokin inflamasi yang berperan pada patogenesis SLE melalui jalur Caspase-1. Secretome sel punca mesenkimal mengandung Stanniocalcin-1 yang berperan sebagai antiinflamasi. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secretome sel punca mesenkimal terhadap ekspresi IL-1β dan Caspase-1  pada mencit model lupus dengan induksi pristan. Penelitian eksperimental dengan metode post test only control group design, sampel 21 ekor mencit betina Mus Musculus galur Balb/C, dibagi 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol (injeksi intraperitoneal NaCl 0,9% 0,5 ml), kelompok pristan (injeksi pristan intraperitoneal 0,5 ml) dan kelompok pristan+secretome (injeksi intraperitoneal pristan 0,5 ml dan secretome 0,45 ml). Penelitian dilakukan selama 3 minggu, secretome diberikan pada akhir penelitian. Dinilai ekspresi IL-1β dan Caspase-1 secara imunohistokimia. Analisis  statistik menggunakan IBM SPSS 20 dengan uji ANOVA dilanjutkan uji post hoc LSD. P bermakna jika p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata ekspresi IL-1β pada ketiga kelompok yaitu kontrol (22,75±8,30); pristan (79,67±18,24); pristan+secretome (19,94±6,41), dengan kemaknaan p=0,000. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi IL-1β antara kelompok kontrol vs pristan (-56,92±6,69; p=0,000), kelompok pristan vs pristan+secretome (61,31±6,69; p=0,000). Rata-rata ekspresi Caspase-1 pada ketiga kelompok yaitu kontrol(17,04±6,30); pristan (81,25±17,32); pristan+secretome (21,97±12,59), dengan kemaknaan p=0.000. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi Caspase-1 antara kelompok kontrol vs pristan (-64,21±6,69; p=0,000) dan kelompok pristan vs pristan+secretome (59,28±6,69; p=0,000).Simpulan yang dapat diambil adalah  secretome sel punca mesenkimal menurunkan ekspresi IL-1β dan Caspase-1 pada mencit model lupus dengan induksi pristan.Kata Kunci: Caspase-1, Interleukin-1β, Pristan, Secretome, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
KARAKTERISTIK INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH PADA ANAK USIA 0- 12 TAHUN DI RS X KEBUMEN JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Tusino Agus , Widyaningsih Niken
Published: May 2018

Infeksi saluran kemih merupakan penyakit yang sering ditemui pada anak-anak dan ditandai dengan jumlah bakteri yang bermakna dalam urin. Insidensi ISK masih tinggi, merupakan penyebab kedua morbiditas penyakit infeksi pada anak-anak setelah infeksi saluran napas. Di Indonesia, dari 200 anak yang dievaluasi sebesar 35% pada anak 1-5 tahun dan 22% anak usia 6-10 tahun menderita infeksi saluran kemih atau sekitar 33% pada laki-laki dan 67% pada perempuan.Metode Penelitian: Penelitin ini menunjukkan karakteristik infeksi saluran kemih pada anak usia 0-12 tahun di RS X Kebumen Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian crosssectional yang diperoleh dari catatan rekam medis pada periode September 2015 sampai September 2016. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 36 pasien anak dengan infeksi saluran kemih, 53% laki-laki, 47% perempuan dengan rentang usia terbanyak 5-12 tahun. Sebanyak 26 pasien dengan suhu <38°C, 3pasien dengan kelaianan anatomi, 3 pasien dengan riwayat infeksi saluran kemih sebelumnya, 15 pasien dengan gejala muntah, 41% pasien dengan leukopenia, 9% pasien dengan piuria, 14% pasien dengan bakteriuria, 22 pasien mendapat terapi antibiotik golongan sefalosporin, dan 3 pasien menjalani terapi pembedahan. Kesimpulan: Infeksi saluran kemih terbanyak pada usia 5-12 tahun. Gejala klinis terutama muntah. Hasil urinalisis normal tidak menyingkirkan diagnosis infeksi saluran kemih, sehingga anak muntah usia 2 bulan sampai 12 tahun dengan penyebab tidak jelas perlu dipikirkan infeksi saluran kemih. Kata Kunci: Karakteristik, Infeksi Saluran Kemih, Anak
Relasi Dialektis International Human Right and Islamic Law (Perspektif Fathi Osman dan Mashood A. Baderin)
Authors: Khasanah Karimatul
Published: May 2018

Hubungan Islam sebagai agama dengan ide Hak Asasi Manusia Internasional telah menarik perhatian banyak pihak diantaranya para aktivis dan akademisi.Diantara akademisi yang menaruh perhatian terhadap isu ini adalah Fathi Osman dan Mshood Baderin.Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, tulisan ini secara khusus didedikasikan untuk menggali gagasan, saran, dan konsepsi keduanya dalam menyoal isu yang dimaksud.Keduanya mencoba mensintesiskan antara konsep hukum Islam dengan Hak Asasi yang diadopsi oleh masyarakat internasional (melalui wadah PBB). Tulisan ini bertujuan menampilkan setrategi keduanya dalamm proses pensintesisan, yang dilakukan dengan investigasi secara penuh kehati-hatian pada konsep Hak Asasi Manusia secara Islami dan Hak Asasi Manusia secara modern dalam sejarah, selanjutnya diikuti dengan identifikasi faktor-faktor dan wacana-wacana yang melingkupi keduanya. Hal ini adalah setrategi guna memperoleh gagasan yang jelas mengenai bagaimana seharusnya komsep Hak Asasi Manusia diformulasikan.Tulisan ini juga mengkaji secara komparatif antara ide kedua figur dalam studi ini guna mengetahui mana yang lebih kompatibel untuk diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan kontemporer ini.
Kontestasi Pemikiran Ulama dalam Pembaruan Hukum: Studi pada Fatwa MUI tentang Perkawinan Beda Agama
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: May 2018

Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tentang perkawinan beda agama telah memberikan warna baru dalam hukum Islam. Pelarangan MUI terhadap perkawinan beda agama merupakan wujud pembaruan hukum karena fatwa ini bertentangan dengan nass baik dalam al-Qurâ€™an, hadis maupun pandangan jumhur ulama. Pembaruan hukum yang tampak pada fatwa ini lebih disebabkan oleh penggunaan metodologis. MUI menggunakan metode masalih al-mursalah dalam menetapkan fatwa ini. Dengan pertimbangan kemaslahatan, MUI melarang perkawinan ini karena kerugiannya (mafsadah) lebih besar daripada keuntungannya (maslahah). Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya pembaruan/perubahan hukum dalam fatwa ini lebih dominan dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial budaya. MUI lebih memperhatikan aspek sosiologis dalam menetapkan fatwa ini sekalipun bertentangan/berlawanan dengan pandangan jumhur ulama bahkan nass al-Qurâ€™an yang jelas-jelas membolehkan laki-laki muslim menikah dengan ahl al-kitab.
Penalaran Hukum Islam (Upaya Mensinergikan Metode al-Sawabit dan al-Mutaghayyirat)
Authors: Khariri Khariri
Published: May 2018

Perbedaan pandangan mengenai hukum Islam menjadikan umat Islam terkotak-kotak. Ada yang mengimplementasikan pandangannya dalam bentuk yang kaku, bahkan radikal. Ada pula yang mengaplikasikan pandangannya dalam bentuk yang bebas, bahkan liberal. Namun, yang menonjol adalah yang meneguhkan pandangannya dalam bentuk yang moderat. Dinamisasi pemahaman dalam menafsirkan teks agama mengakibatkan ketiga pengelompokan pandangan ini selalu ada di setiap waktu, tempat, situasi dan kondisi apapun. Apabila ditelisik secara kritis, sebenarnya berakar dari pehamaman yang kurang proporsional dari mereka sendiri. Mereka, pada umumnya, tidak bisa memilih mana persoalan yang masuk dalam ruang al-sawabit  dan mana persoalan yang masuk dalam ruang al-mutaghayyirat .  Kedua ruang ini menjadi syarat mutlak bagi para penafsir hukum Islam untuk menyimpulkan hukum secara bertanggungjawab. Dengan prinsip ini, dalam berbagai kasus, umat Islam dapat memilih dan memilah, mana yang kemudian perlu diperbaharui sebagai obyek ijtihad dan mana yang tidak perlu diperbahurui sebagai ketetapan syariat.
Implementasi Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Agama Ponorogo terhadap Hak Hadanah Anak (Kajian terhadap Putusan-Putusan Cerai Gugat di PA Ponorogo Tahun 2014)
Authors: Munawir Munawir
Published: May 2018

Kewajiban member nafkah anak terletak pada ayah sebagai kepala keluarga.Apabila kedua orangtua bercerai, maka kewajiban nafkah anak tetap melekat pada ayah, meskipun hak asuh ada pada ibu.Namun demikian, faktanya ada beberapa kasus di Pengadilan Agama (PA) Ponorogo, yang apabila ayah dan ibu bercerai, sedangkan anak diasuh oleh ibunya, maka hak nafkahanak jarang diberikan sesuai dengan putusan majelis hakim.Bahkan ada anak yang tidak pernah mendapatkan hak tersebut sampai dia dewasa.Ada2 (dua) putusan yang diteliti di dalam penelitian ini, yaitu putusan pertama nomor1064/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Po dan putusan kedua nomor 1467/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Po.Dalam putusan pertamasi ibu(si isteri) sudah meminta PA Ponorogo sebanyak 2 (dua) kali untuk melakukan eksekusi hak hadanah anak. Sedangkan dalam putusan yang kedua si ibu baru sekalimengajukan eksekusi.Dengan beberapa alasan, Pengadilan tidak dapat melakukan eksekusi, padahal dari kedua putusan tersebut hadanah anak wajib diberikan si ayah kepada anaknya setiap bulan sampai si anak dewasa. Hal ini pun pada akhirnya menimbulkan keresahan dan pertanyaan di kalangan akademisi maupun masyarakat, apakah pengadilan hanya sebatas memutus perkara saja, sehingga putusannya tidak perlu dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini menawarkan suatu alternatif hukum, agar suatu putusan pengadilan, khususnya permasalahan hadanah anak, dapat benar-benar terlaksana, karena menyangkut masalah kesejahteraan dan tumbuh kembang seorang anak yang menjadi korban perceraian ayah dan ibunya.
Kontinuitas dan Perubahan dalam Penetapan Hukum Hudud: Dari Nass hingga Teks Fikih
Authors: Sodiqin Ali
Published: May 2018

Hukum hudud adalah bagian dari hukum pidana Islam selain hukum qisas dan taâ€™zir. Secara historis dan antropologis keberlakuan hukum ini memiliki kontinuitas dengan tradisi hukum sebelumnya. Al-Quran merespon tradisi hukum ini melalui dua model, yaitu tahrim (destruktif) dan taghyir (rekonstruktif). Model tahrim terjadi pada kasus penetapan hukum khamr, sedangkan model taghyir terjadi pada hukum pencurian, zina, dan qaz\af. Al-Qurâ€™an merekonstruksi hukum-hukum tersebut dari masa sebelumnya, sehingga keberlakuannya didasarkan pada worldview al-Qurâ€™an. Nilai filosofi yang terkandung dalam hukum hudud adalah keadilan, tanggung jawab, moralitas, kesetaraan. Semua nilai-nilai ini menjadi dasar pemberlakuan hukum, sehingga model penegakan hukumnya adalah reformatif-restoratif. Konstruksi pemikiran para ulama dalam penetapan hukum hudud dapat dibedakan dalam dua bentuk, tekstualis dan kontekstualis. Model tekstualis terutama menyangkut penetapan bentuk hukuman bagi pelanggar hudud. Para ulama menetapkan hukuman tersebut seperti apa adanya yang tertulis di dalam nass. Model kontekstualis terdapat pada rincian persyaratan dalam penerapan hukum hudud. Ulama merumuskan syarat rukun dan berbagai prosedur yang diperlukan dalam rangka penerapan hukum hudud melalui pengadilan. Dalam konteks ini para ulama mempertimbangkan kebutuhan masyarakat dalam hal penegakan hukum. Keragaman pendapat para ulama disebabkan adanya keragaman dalil dan fatwa yang dijadikan pegangan, di samping juga penggunaan metodologi istinbat hukum dalam memahami nass tentang hudud.
Keadilan Distributif atas Pembagian Harta Bersama dalam Perkawinan bagi Keluarga Muslim di Indonesia
Authors: Khosyi'ah Siah
Published: May 2018

The division of marital joint property after the breakup of marriage, whether dropping out of marriage due to divorce or due to death, is a new thing in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This is because the concept of mutual treasure is not known in the books of classical Islamic jurisprudence of Muslim scholars of the schools at their times, in which their work are always made as referral in the legal cases up to the present days. In Indonesia, the distribution of common property is regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Laws Articles 96 and 97, which stipulate the rules of distribution of joint property for married couples whose married are off as a result of divorce or death. Article 97 of the Compilation of Islamic Law actually provides an overview of the flexibility of the distribution of common marital property, including in certain cases because the article is regulating (regelen) rather than forcing (dwigen), so that the division is not absolutely divided equally between husband and wife, and casuistically the provisions of that article may be disregarded.
Peran Basyarnas dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah (Studi Pandangan Pelaku Ekonomi Syariah di Jakarta)
Authors: Irfan M. Nurul Irfan , Faizin Afwan , Muslim Bukhori
Published: May 2018

National Shariah Arbitration Board (Basyarnas) is one of the manifestations of the first established Islamic Arbitration in Indonesia. Basyarnas stands autonomously and independently as one of the legal instruments that resolve disputes of the parties, whether coming from within the environment of Islamic banks, Takaful Insurance, or any other party who needs it. In connection with the Basyarnas function, this article discusses the following three main issues: Firstly, the view of sharia economic actors on Basyarnas. Shariah economic actors generally consider the importance of Basyarnasâ€™s position in settling disputes in Sharia economics. In the last five years (2010-2015) the number of disputes cases in Basyarnas (23 cases) is slightly higher than cases handled by the Religious Courts (20 cases). Secondly, the reason for sharia economic actors chooses the arbitration route because the process is faster, the cost is light and the verdict is final and binding and the secrets of the parties are maintained. Thirdly, the factors that influence the choice are also determined by the level of confidence of the sharia economic actors to the judgesâ€™ ability within the Religious Courts to resolve the dispute.
Kewenangan Pemerintah Menerapkan Sanksi terhadap Pelaku Distorsi Pasar Berdasar Maqasid al-Syari'ah
Authors: Jabbar Jabbar
Published: May 2018

The act of speculators distorting the market is quite unsettling. However, the Sharia texts show that this problem can be resolved using moral or akhlÄqÄ«. Then the question is whether the present government can overcome it by using qadÄ'Ä«e imposing sanctions for distortion. Since the nature of Sharia is the universal and eternal, this issue must be answered comprehensively and holistically. For that reason, the maqÄsid approach is operated with istislÄhiyyah method. This method is also referred to as al-ijtihÄd al-maqÄs}idÄ« which is done in two stages, namely takhrÄ«j al-manÄt and tahqÄ«q al-manÄt. It is believed that this method is quite relevant to answer two research questions. Firstly, how is maqÄs}id al-syar'ah in terms of market distortion? Secondly, does the government in syar'i be authorized to impose sanctions on the perpetrators of market distortion? The theory used to highlight this issue is the theory of al-wÄzi' put forward by Ibn â€˜Ä€syÅ«r. This conclu that the Sharia wants the circulation of goods in the market run smoothly. To that end, the government may impose sanctions if the distortion is done to the basic goods that can affect massively harm.
Kedudukan Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia dan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Ariyanti Vivi
Published: May 2018

The term of drug abuse victims in the Act No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics refers to a person who inadvertently uses narcotics, for being persuaded, tricked, deceived, coerced, and/or threatened to use narcotics. However, both addicts and the individual self-use drug abusers are in factvictims of syndicates of illicit narcotics trafficking. In addition, the spirit contained in the Narcotics Act also implies that narcotics addicts and abusers are victims of criminal acts of others in the form of illegal drug trafficking.Therefore, the Narcotics Act stipulates the obligation to undergo medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation for addicts and self-use of drug abusers.On the contrary, Islamic law does not distinguish the term addicts, narcotics abusers, or victims of narcotics abuse. Islamic law tends to equate all these categories as perpetrators of narcotics abusers except those who are truely forced by others. In Islamic law, the punishment for them according to some scholars is the sanction of h}udu>d which is equated with the khamr (alcohol) drinkers, that is whipped as much as eighty times. While the opinion of other ulema, the penalty is taâ€™zir, of which form submitted to the ruler/government/judge. Thus, this type of taâ€™zir sanction in Islamic law is more in line with the prevailing laws and regulations in Indonesia.
Konsep Maslahat di Tengah Budaya Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus Robitul
Published: May 2018

Maslahat is one of the approaches which is usually used by Indonesian moslem scholars to solve gap problems between Islam and world development. It also causes many contradictions amongst them, however, because of its flexibility. some scholars use maslahat without clear boundaries and apply it as a free method. The writer tries to give a solution about this problem, especially when maslahat faces the culture of Indonesian law system. Maslahat has universal characteristic. Therefore, it should be acceptable and applicable in universal ways. In Indonesian context, maslahat must be formalized and institutionalized in Indonesian law system if it will be applied as universal value in the middle of Indonesian society. Consequently, if there is a conflict amongst several applications from maslahat, Indonesian law system could have the right to determine the truth.
Progresifitas Hakim dalam Dinamika Positivisasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Triana Nita
Published: May 2018

Penerapan hukum modern di negara Indonesia sering menciderai rasa keadilan masyarakat, karena hukum tidak membumi lepas dari pemahaman aspek filosofis dan sosialnya, sebab itu progresifitas hakim sangat dibutuhkan untuk mampu melompat out of the box ketika menemukan kebuntuan legalitas formal dari hukum modern. Syariâ€™ah Islam sebagai modal sosial-kultural  â€inner moralityâ€ yang telah ada dalam sejarah panjang bangsa Indonesia, mempunyai formulasi sebagai tawaran bagi penyelesaian persoalan hukum di tanah air,  Hakim yang progresif diharapkan  mampu membaca makna dari inner morality  syariâ€™ah Islam. Dinamika positivisasi hukum Islam akan terus bergerak, ketika para hakim membaca dan menemukan hukum-hukum baru dari pemaknaan secara kontekstual dalam hukum Islam.  Positivisasi dalam arti luas adalah upaya para penegak hukum, seperti hakim yang menggunakan substansi atau nilai-nilai filosofis hukum Islam dalam memeriksa, menimbang dan memutus perkara di Pengadilan
Hukum Islam versus Positivisme Barat (Kajian Perbandingan Mazhab Jurisprudensi Perspektif Ilmu Hukum)
Authors: Yasid A
Published: May 2018

Institusi hukum bekerja bukan untuk dirinya, melainkan untuk sesuatu yang lebih luas dan lebih besar di luar dirinya berupa terwujudnya keadilan di tengah masyarakat. Baik hukum Islam maupun positivisme Barat mempunyai pretensi sama menyangkut tujuan akhirnya untuk menata masyarakat sesuai aturan hukum yang berlaku. Percikan perbedaan tak dapat dielakkan ketika para Juris tidak sebangun dalam melihat pola hubungan antara hukum itu sendiri dengan manusia sebagai subjeknya. Menghadapkan manusia pada hukum bukan saja melahirkan pilihan teori-teori hukum yang rumit, tetapi sekaligus juga berimplikasi pada munculnya mazhab-mazhab pemikiran hukum yang sangat dinamis. Lahirnya positivisme-empiris dalam hukum Barat, serta munculnya sejumlah mazhab pemikiran dalam hukum Islam, seperti ahl al-raâ€™y dan ahl al-hadis, tidak bisa lepas dari persoalan dinamika hubungan manusia dengan hukum.
Qanun Jinayah Aceh dan Perlindungan HAM (Kajian Yuridis-Filosofis)
Authors: Danial Danial
Published: May 2018

Terdapat perbedaan dan kesamaan antara konsep HAM Internasional dengan Islam, terutama berkaitan dengan sumber, sifat, dan orientasi. HAM Internasional bersumber pada akal, bersifat antroposentris, dan berorientasi duniawi. Semantara HAM dalam pandangan Islam bersumber dari Wahyu (Allah SWT), bersifat teo-antroposentris, dan berorientasi dunia-akhirat. Karenanya, yang pertama perwujudannya bertumpu semata-mata pada Negara (faktor pendorong eksternal), sedangkan yang kedua perwujudannya tidak hanya bersifat eksternal dan formal legalistik, melainkan bersumbu pada aspek internal manusia (batin/iman). Dalam praktiknya di lapangan bentuk hukuman cambuk dipandang efektif dalam melindungi HAM baik secara sosiologis, ekonomis, psikologis, bahkan teologis. Meskipun masih mengandung beberapa kelemahan yang potensial melanggar HAM, khususnya berkaitan dengan tindak pidana khalwat dan aspek hokum acaranya. Sementara bentuk hukuman rajam dipandang masih merupakan wilayah ijtihadiyyah yang sarat dengan perdebatan di kalangan para ulama sendiri.