bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A chemiresistive methane sensor
Authors: Bezdek Máté J. , Luo Shao-Xiong Lennon , Ku Kang Hee , Swager Timothy M.
Published: December 2020

Significance

Methane is potentially explosive and is a major threat to environmental health as a potent greenhouse gas. However, its volatility and nonpolar nature render selective methane detection a significant challenge. Here we report a chemiresistive sensor based on single-walled carbon nanotubes and a molecular platinum-polyoxometalate complex known to mediate methane oxidation near ambient conditions. We show that the composite is a robust sensor that operates at room temperature, exhibits air and moisture stability, as well as selectivity for methane. Our results demonstrate that concepts in molecular methane oxidation can be leveraged to develop low-power, low-cost, and potentially distributable sensors for selective methane detection.
A sociological study of Howard Goldblatt’s English translations of the ideological markers in Mo Yan’s three Chinese novels
Authors: Wu Guangjun
Published: December 2020

Over the last two decades, ideology has evolved into a major issue in translation studies. In terms of the ideological explorations of translation, previous studies focused on the explicit or implicit ideological manifestations in translated texts, or how translation was used to serve ideology. Studies on the diachronic changes of translator’s ideology, however, remain scarce. This study of Howard Goldblatt’s English translations of three Chinese novels over three different periods finds that translators’ ideology is dynamic rather than static. In their translations, translators may follow the ideology of the source culture or that of the target culture, depending on the relative status of the source culture and the target culture as well as the capital possessed by the author and the translator. A sociological account is provided to explain the changes in translators’ ideology over time.
The abilities of vocational high school students in reading of orthogonal projection drawing
Authors: Puspito J , Putra Y P , Kurniawan D , Setiadi B R
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the ability to read orthogonal projection images of Seyegan VHS students. This research is an ex post facto research. This study’s population was all XI classes of Fabrication and Metal Manufacturing Engineering, as many as 51 students. The research sample was 44 students based on calculating the 5% error formula by selecting by simple random sampling—collecting data through a test, which consists of 42 questions. The validity test uses the product-moment correlation, and the reliability test uses Alpha Cronbach. Data analysis using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results showed that the students’ ability to read orthogonal projection drawings in the very good category was 56.8%, the good category was 11.4%, the moderate category was 20.4%, the bad category was 9.1% b, and the very bad category by 2.3%. In general, the score shows that the VHS state of Seyegan students is in the very good category.
Increased productivity of batik wood mask craftsmen through appropriate technology equipment
Authors: Sutopo S , Endarwati M L , Puspitasari C D , Astuti E P
Published: December 2020

The target partner of this activity is the wooden batik mask craftsmen in the village of Batur, Putat, Patuk Gunung Kidul. The purpose of this activity is to improve product quality, increase production capacity and increase partner income turnover. The method used in this activity is to help complete production equipment and provide various guidance and training. The appropriate technology equipment provided to partners is a seated planner machine, a hand planner machine and a didgeridoo drilling machine. Guidance and training activities consist of online marketing technical assistance, occupational health and safety implementation training and machine maintenance training. The result of this activity is that partner productivity can be increased, such as the quality of the wood becomes smoother and has the same thickness, the partner’s production capacity increased by 33% and the partner’s turnover increased by 12.5%.
The comparation drop voltage analysis in power flow of gandul substation
Authors: Arif Rahardjo Imam , Rif’an Muhammad , Subekti Massus , Pradana Endiansyah
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the results of the drop voltage transformer 4 with 10 bus power at the Gandul Substation of PT. PLN (Persero) with MATLAB Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) 2.1.7 and ETAP software 12.6. Data analysis technique used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis method. Power flow simulation with MATLAB PSAT 2.1.7 software completed at 0.066 s with two iterations (first iteration shows Maximum Convergency Error 0.0011257 and second iteration shows Maximum Convergency Error 1.2621e-06), and ETAP 12.6 software complete in three iterations. Meanwhile, the results of voltage drop with MATLAB PSAT 2.1.7 software and ETAP 12.6 have a fairly small error. Almost every feeder has the same error. The conclusion in this study is that the results of the simulation of drop voltage with MATLAB Power System Analysis Toolbox 2.1.to ETAP 12.6 software has a difference of 0.02 with a percentage error of 0.1%. Each feeder has a small error.
Development of Learning Media Practices the Ignition System in Automotive Electrical System Courses, Department Automotive Engineering
Authors: Rohman J N , Wahyudi A N , Solikin M
Published: December 2020

This research aimed to: (1) producing ignition system practice learning products and (2) to know the feasibility of ignition system practice learning media in automotive electrical system courses in the Department of Automotive Engineering Education Yogyakarta State University.This study was a research and development using the 4D development model (define, design, develop, and dissemination). The subjects of this study were 38 students of the Department of Automotive Engineering Education. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation and closed questions to get preliminary data from automotive workshops as well as students of automotive engineering education and questionnaires to find out the results of practical learning media from experts and users. The feasibility data analysis is done by describing it into 5 categories as on the Likert Scale.The results of this development research are: (1) the resulting ignition system practice learning media products in the form of job sheets which have word format and video tutorial with MP4 format and (2) the feasibility of this practice learning media is determined by material experts (4.74) for job sheets that are categorized as very feasible and (4.95) for video tutorials that are categorized as very feasible, eligibility based on media experts (4.78) for job sheets that are included in the very feasible category and (5.00) for video tutorials that were in the very feasible category, the response of students as users received a rating (4.04) for the job sheet that was in the appropriate category and (4.13) for the video tutorial which was in the appropriate category. So that the development of ignition system practice learning media is feasible to use.
Manufacturing Parking Indicator System for UNY Electric Vehicle
Authors: Solikin M , Rohim S A , Agama A A , Sudarwanto
Published: December 2020

The aim of this project is to (1) make parking indicator system in FT UNY electric vehicle using Arduino Uno and ultrasonic sensor is viewed in LCD and buzzer and (2) test the performance of parking indicator system. There were five steps of the project including: (1) analyzing parking indicator system component needed; (2) designing the parking indicator system; (3) preparing tools and components are needed for developing parking indicator system; (4) assembling the parking indicator system components; and (5) testing the product. The result reveals that the parking indicator system work successfully, providing an alert signal to the driver when there are wall or other things around the vehicle.
Management Information System for Materials and Tools At Automotive Educational Workshop
Authors: Zarifin  , Siswanto I , Solikin M , Sampurno Y G , Rahmas B M , Lurudancang G
Published: December 2020

Educational facilities and infrastructure have important roles for facilitating students to achieve their learning objectives. Hence, this study aims to identify, analyze, and design information systems for equipment and materials management at Automotive Engineering Education work shop Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The method used in this study is qualitative by conducting interviews with lecturers, technicians, and students regarding the implementation and needs of management information systems for the management of tools and materials in the workshop of Automotive Engineering Education of UNY. The results obtained then become materials for designing an information system for tools and materials management at Automotive engineering department. The information system will be developed and implemented for the teaching-learning activities improvement at Automotive Engineering Education department.
The development of the effect of fixation using jamaican cherry leaves on the direction of hue
Authors: Nurfitria Miftahul Annisah , Widihastuti Widihastuti
Published: December 2020

One type of the considerable potential of Indonesia is its natural resources, specifically plants, andJamaican cherry is one example, a type of tall-growing flora easy to live and grow profusely in the country. However, only a few people get its best benefit, for example, from its leaves containing flavonoid and tannin useful in textile dyeing. This research contributes to ecofashion development, presented to determine the effect of fixation substances on ecoprint dyeing using Jamaican cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) with steaming technique in terms of the hue directions investigated through three different color test results. The study was conducted with an ecoprint dyeing experiment whose results were then tested by using hue difference tests in the laboratory. Thedyeing experiment employedmedium-aged cherry leavessteamed together with the selected textiles. The fixation substances used to display and lock colors were iron (ferrous sulfate), alum, and calcium carbonate. The steaming process was carried out twice,30 minutes for each, and the fixation process was done by submersing the fabric for 5-10 minutes. The results show that fixation substances affectthe fabric’s hue directions. With alum, the results of the dyeingare leafy and brownish-yellow, while with alum, black green dominates, and with thecalcium carbonate the color is brownish-green. The results are applicable in environmentally friendly textile manufacturing and inspire further research with other types of plants.
Development and effects of naphthol dyes in the washing processes
Authors: Wulandari Lisa Ayu , Widihastuti Widihastuti
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to: describe the value of color fastness to washing by using five types of detergent namely cream, powder, bar, liquid, and Sapindusrarak on Tan written batik cloth with naphthol dyes; determine the effect of the detergent types on the color fastness; and find out the best type of detergent according to its composition for washing batik with naphthol dyes. This was true experimental research with the AXB factorial design in which A is the Tan batik cloth, and B is the factor of washing treatment with five detergent types. To collect the data, the researchers employed the probability sampling technique, which is asimple random sampling technique. Also, they tested the color fastness in the washing processes carried out by the examining team at the Batik and Craft Center with procedures and calibrated tools.The data were analyzed using a non-parametric analysis, namely, a Kruskal-Wallis test. The color fastness test of Tan batik cloth washed using five types of detergent produces a good average value of 4- 4.5. The result of the difference test on thecolor fastness to washing and staining is p 0.406> 0.05. It means there is no significant difference becausethe detergents have the same composition, i.e., an anionic surfactant.The detergent with the best composition is Sapindusrarak, because it contains saponin as a natural surfactant. People can use detergents to wash batik by selectingthe composition of lauryl alkyl benzene sulfonate as a soft substance.
Design of upi incinerator heat-electricity conversion system by applying classic rankine cycle
Authors: Gifari Muhamad Maris Al , Sriyono  , Wiyono Apri
Published: December 2020

UPI has successfully developed a smokeless incinerator. Incinerator combustion occurs at high temperatures. High temperature is the potential energy that can be converted into electricity. The innovation space is still open here to increase the ability of the UPI incinerator to become part of a system that can generate electricity by utilizing the burning of waste that occurs in the incinerator. This conversion system uses the Rankine Cycle. The Rankine cycle utilizes water as its working fluid. This research is targeted to get the design of an incinerator heat energy conversion system into electricity by using classical basic Rankine cycle. The investigation will vary three different pumps to get the best performance. The performance parameter are the cycle thermal efficiency and net power produced by the cycle. The design process starts with the calculation of potential heat from waste combustion. The calculation uses the LHV value of municipal solid waste and the second heat source comes from reaction of LPG which consists of 48.5% propane, 48.5% butane and 3% pentane and air which consists of 79% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen. The reaction is assumed perfect and Nitrogen is not reacted. Total heat is 581.4 kW which comes from 574 kW from LHV of municipal waste and 7.76 kW from the reaction of LPG and air. The heat transferred to work fluid comes from 50% LHV of municipal waste and 14% from the reaction of LPG and air. The cycle can produce 55.5 kW power and the efficiency is 13%. The cycle use 600W water pump with 8 liter/min debit. Debit is the important parameter to get better power output and efficiency from heat of incinerator waste combustion.
The impacts of REDD+ on the social-ecological resilience of community forests
Authors: Hajjar Reem , Engbring Gretchen , Kornhauser Kailey
Published: December 2020

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) has emerged as an important and cost-effective climate change mitigation strategy internationally. In many localities around the world, REDD+ and related interventions have been superimposed on, and overlap with, existing decentralized institutional arrangements such as community forests. These interventions often modify local institutions through new rules and practices that comply with mostly carbon-related objectives, prompting questions about the compatibility of a top-down mechanism such as REDD+ with the decentralized approaches of community forestry. Thus, we asked: are REDD+ interventions in community forests enhancing or detracting from communities’ abilities to practice adaptive management and governance—key desired components of local social-ecological resilience and the ability of communities to respond to disturbance and global change? We conducted a systematic review of studies examining REDD+ interventions in community forests. We extracted data on 59 case studies reported on in 43 articles, stemming from 14 countries, with two thirds of the cases located in two countries alone. Our meta-analysis found that REDD+ has had mixed impacts on communities’ social-ecological resilience. Increases in network ties, connectivity across scales, and increased participation in decision making are indicators of enhanced potential for local adaptability. However, we also see that, through restrictions on local forest practices, rigidity in rules, and communities’ natural capital being locked into carbon contracts, REDD+ has limited communities’ ability to manage for uncertainty. While not representative of all existing REDD+ projects, our results suggest important implications for REDD+ policymakers and forest-reliant communities engaging in REDD+. Reconciling REDD+ goals with the need for forest communities to retain adaptive capacity will be a challenge moving forward, particularly if REDD+ compromises the ability of forest-reliant communities to respond to unexpected shocks or their ability to adapt to changing environmental or economic conditions.
Future changes in precipitation extremes over Southeast Asia: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble
Authors: Ge Fei , Zhu Shoupeng , Luo Haolin , Zhi Xiefei , Wang Hao
Published: December 2020

Past assessments of coupled climate models have indicated that precipitation extremes are expected to intensify over Southeast Asia (SEA) under the global warming. Here, we use outputs from 15 climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to evaluate projected changes in precipitation extremes for SEA at the end of the 21st century. The results suggest that CMIP6 multi-model ensemble medians show better performances in characterizing precipitation extremes than individual models. Projected changes in precipitation extremes linked to rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (represented by the latest proposed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways) increase significantly over the Indochina Peninsula and the Maritime Continent. Substantial changes in the number of very heavy precipitation days (R20mm) and the intensity of daily precipitation (SDII) indicate that such locally heavy rainfall is likely to occur over a short time and that more precipitation extremes over SEA are probable in a warmer future. This is consistent with projections from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment and CMIP5 models. The present study reveals the high sensitivity of the precipitation extremes over SEA, and highlights the importance of constrained anthropogenic GHG emissions in an ambitious mitigation scenario.
Fire reduces riverine DOC concentration draining a watershed and alters post-fire DOC recovery patterns
Authors: Wei Xinyuan , Hayes Daniel J , Fernandez Ivan
Published: December 2020

The loading of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soils to inland waters and ultimate transport to the ocean is a critical flux pathway in the terrestrial biosphere carbon cycle. Fires can significantly affect this flux through biogeochemical processes related to oxidation and mobilization of DOC in the soil. Therefore, in order to accurately estimate and model terrestrial carbon storage and export to the marine environment, we need to better understand the effects of fire on DOC flux. In this analysis, we compiled available observational data sets from seven watersheds across the conterminous United States generally spanning the years 1999–2019. We used these data sets to examine the effects of fire on riverine DOC concentration draining a watershed to study both the immediate impacts and the post-fire recovery patterns. Our results suggest that these fires result in an immediate decrease in riverine DOC concentration draining the watershed by 26 ± 15%, and the time required for DOC concentrations to recover to pre-fire levels was estimated to be, on average, approximately 9 months. During recovery, DOC concentration was 24 ± 11% lower than the long-term average for the watershed. In addition, the larger the proportion of the watershed that burned, the greater the concentration decrease and the longer the time period for post-fire recovery.
Stand for carrying out life tests of plunger hydraulic cylinders with energy recovery
Authors: Pelipenko A Yu , Rybak A T
Published: December 2020

This article proposes a solution to the problem of energy saving during life tests of plunger hydraulic cylinders. The author proposes a test stand using recovery. The purpose of the article is to disclose the device and the principle of operation of the hydromechanical system of the stand. Mathematical model of hydraulic drive of stand based on theory of volume stiffness is disclosed. Mathematical simulation results confirm and indicate the feasibility of recuperation in the test stand. In order to design a stand with the best energy indicators, it is proposed to carry out mathematical modeling of the hydromechanical drive of the stand, determine the numerical and structural parameters of the elements of the hydraulic system and mechanical transmission. The obtained theoretical results of mathematical modeling were applied and used in the design and manufacture of an experimental stand for resource tests of plunger hydraulic cylinders with energy recovery.
Investigation of the real gas conversion method for a low-temperature methane compressor
Authors: Sokolov M , Kozhukhov Y , Sadovsky N , Petrov A , Kartashov S , Ivanov V
Published: December 2020

In this work, a study was made of methods for converting a real gas from a full-scale compressor to a model one for low-temperature pure methane using the equations of state of a real gas Benedict-Webb-Rubin and Peng-Robinson. In the course of the work, the features of recalculation methods were studied, a model of an air compressor was selected, corresponding in parameters to a model of a low-temperature methane compressor using the theory of similarity, using similarity criteria. Also, in this work, the features of the application of various equations of state were studied when describing the model of a low-temperature methane compressor, as well as the features that arise when this model is converted to an air model analogue. Data were obtained on the possibility of applying the proposed methods on real units, and the invariance of the method with respect to the used equations of state of a real gas for pure methane at temperatures from 150 to 300 K and a division of 0.2 MPa was proved. At the final stage of the work, comparative characteristics of two models of natural methane compressors were obtained, based on different equations of real gas, describing the medium and two models of model compressors using air as a working medium and being model analogs of the above units.
Mechanisms of construction machines and selection of steels for the manufacture of welded metal structures
Authors: Scherbakov Alexander , Babanina Anna , Solovyeva Elena , Aleksandrovskiy Maxim
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of the working mechanisms of construction machines from the point of view of the selection of structural steels for the manufacture of welded metal structures. Special attention is paid to the operational reliability and durability of modern construction machines. It was found that the most suitable for the manufacture of welded structures are complex-alloyed low-carbon steels. They have high strength (σ0.2≥600 MPa, σB≥800 MPa), are characterized by sufficient plasticity and increased resistance to brittle fracture at low temperatures. In the selection process, special attention was paid to the properties that structural steels should simultaneously have, specifically: low sensitivity to various stress concentrators; adaptability to perform service functions that are envisaged in the development of the project and directly in the process of manufacturing the welded metal structure, good weldability. The experiments were carried out using the example of low-carbon and low-alloy steels. Special attention was paid to the analysis of the optimal modes of thermal cycling with the aim of obtaining final structures with a given degree of dispersion, typical of real metal structures. Taking into account the requirements for the reliability of construction machines in operating conditions at high and low temperatures, as well as taking into account various operational characteristics, the expediency of using ferromagnetic structural steels was substantiated.
Constructive and technological modernization of the aircraft beam
Authors: Lyudmirsky Yu G , Shchepkin V V , Assaulenko S S
Published: December 2020

The directions of modernization of welded structures, previously created and serially produced in the aerospace, transport and other industries, are considered. For this, it is proposed to use thermally hardened aluminum alloys as the base metal, and to obtain permanent joints, instead of argon-arc welding, use friction stir welding (FSW), which is performed in the solid phase and has many advantages. Purpose of the work: to show the usefulness of constructive and technological modernization of previously designed and manufactured structures, taking into account the latest achievements in welding, in particular, when creating structures from aluminum alloys using FSW. An example of the modernization of an aircraft beam made of AMg6 aluminum alloy with the help of a FSW is given, which clearly demonstrates how the shape and geometry of the structure are interrelated with the technology of its manufacture.The presented structural and technological options for the modernization of the beam ensured: a decrease in welding stresses and deformations, an increase in the cyclic strength of a structure, savings in materials, labor, time and a decrease in the cost of manufactured products.
Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials in Automobile Repair Manufacturing
Authors: Novikov A , Ageev E , Ageeva E , Pikalov S
Published: December 2020

The paper considers an important scientific and practical problem, aimed at the restoration and surface hardening of worn car parts, based on the use of electroerosive materials, including nanoscale particles.
Empirical studies of structural material with given parameters at various fire factors
Authors: Eremina Tatiana , Korolchenko Dmitrii , Minailov Denis
Published: December 2020

The results are given of numerical experiments on heating of steel structures of buildings roofing by solving a heat engineering problem in conditions of non-stationary heat influence at standard temperature mode according to GOST 30247.0 and at fire temperature mode. The estimation of equivalent duration of fire for steel roofing structures is made. For modeling of heating of steel structures the computational system allowing to carry out thermal engineering calculation of a structure on the basis of its program model was used. For estimation of fire temperature modes the software package “Fire Dynamics Simulator” (FDS) was used, which implements the field mathematical model.
Dispersion analysis of factors affecting parameters of threaded connection “buttress” of oil-and-gas pipelines
Authors: Tsybryi I K , Vyalikov I L , Koval N S , Ignatenko V I
Published: December 2020

In the context of increasing volumes of oil-and-gas production, quality and tightness assurance of oil-and-gas pipes has become a very urgent problem. The most common methods of pipe connecting are coupling and streamline joints with application of conic, trapezoidal and triangular threads, including buttress ones. The accuracy of thread profile production has a significant impact on interchangeability of items during assembly and their connection reliability, including tightness. In the process of production of items under consideration, various factors, such as technological heredity, rigidity of the processing equipment, its adjustment and installation and others, influence the thread production process. The given article introduces the results of carried-out studies on the impact of the duration of threaded machine operation and the lot of pipe blanks on the main parameters of the thread, such as thread tension by threaded gauge, thread length from the end without black crested threads, etc. The degree of each factor influencing the corresponding parameter was established on the basis of dispersion analysis.
Comparative analysis of structural parameters of bolt-rivet rods
Authors: Chernykh E V , Zaides S A
Published: December 2020

The article presents the general characteristics of bolt-rivet joints. The main structural parameters of bolt-rivet rods affecting premature shank tearing are given. Stages of rod installation process into hole are described and critical moments of shank tearing are determined. A graph showing the variation of the rod retraction force depending on the thickness of the package is obtained, and basic parameters are determined for comparing two types of rods with different design, but the same purpose. Methods of determining shank tear- off forces, as well as stresses arising in the neck during retraction, using Femap software product are considered. Maximum stress values are calculated on the example of two types of rods and analysis of possible shank tear is carried out at available parameters of neck. In conclusion, it is noted that with the help of IT-technology it is possible to improve not only the design of joints, but also the technology of their implementation, by changing the design of fasteners.
Problems and mechanisms to improve the Russian aviation industry’s productivity in the sharing economy
Authors: Schmeleva A N , Bezdelov S A
Published: December 2020

Currently, the pandemic has had an extremely negative impact on the economy, especially in the aviation industry. The airfreight’s frequency has not fully recovered. The situation requires appropriate systemic measures to address it. The article describes the organizational and economic mechanisms to improve the Russian aviation’s productivity and identifies the need to review approaches to assess the Russian aviation industry, considering that it has not achieved the target indicators set by the state program. There are two main directions: inclusion of the section “Evaluation of Integrated Aircraft Industry Structures (IS) Efficiency” into the state program, as well as a detailed evaluation of competitiveness and product portfolio of the aircraft industry’s IS, development of IS competitiveness strategy both in the domestic and foreign markets. There have also been considered the prospects of using crowdlending platforms in Russia as an alternative financial instrument to banks in the helicopter technology’s P2B and B2B segments. There several factors facilitating this practice’s development: the world sharing economy’s active position; tightened requirements for customers and a decline in bank loans; the lack of profitable lending programs for small and medium-sized entrepreneurship; the regulations of crowdfunding platforms introduced in 2020; citizens’ growing involvement in various IT platforms, including investment ones.
Analysis of the use of a combine harvester equipped with a precision farming system in rice growing conditions
Authors: Garkuha S , Skazhennik M , Chizhikov V , Kiselev E , Petrushin A
Published: December 2020

On the basis of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Rice Centre”, studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the TUCANO 580 combine equipped for harvesting rice with the P420 pick-up. It was established that the combine successfully worked on threshing rice with a shift capacity of about 20 tons per hour. The performance indicators of the combine met the agro-technical requirements (ATT) and amounted to: the total grain loss for the combine 1.99%, including for the thresher 1.55% and for the pick-up 0.44%. Crushing and breaking of bunker grain amounted to 1.2%, which corresponds to the ATT standard - not more than 4.0%. The content of weed impurities was 0,8% (for ATT no more than 5.0%). Along with this, a technique was developed for processing data from a multispectral camera based on the results of surveying by an unmanned aerial vehicle (BVS) and the Sentinel-2A satellite. Based on spectral images, experimental fields, digital maps of the spatial distribution of the normalized relative vegetation index (NDVI) have been created. According to the CLAAS TELEMATICS system, yield maps were constructed. The digital topographic basis of the test ranges was adjusted with the addition of the necessary vector layers based on the results of processing the spectral survey. As a result of the work, a positive assessment of the efficiency of the combine is given, the basis for the creation of a geoinformation base in the information system for the application of precision technologies in agriculture is prepared.
Equalization of the moisture content of the mixture for obtaining fertilizers from high-moisture waste of poultry farming by extrusion
Authors: Potapov M A , Kurochkin A A , Frolov D I
Published: December 2020

The article examines the problem of processing poultry waste using extrusion technology. Bird droppings contain elements necessary for plant nutrition. This chemical composition makes it a valuable organic raw material for use as organic fertilizer. However, manure requires processing before being introduced into the soil. The main goal of the study is to reduce the moisture content of the mixture of high-moisture poultry waste to a level sufficient for high-quality extrusion into fertilizer. Reducing the moisture content of the mixture is possible by mixing them with vegetable fillers. Litter components or plant waste were selected as fillers. As a result of measuring the moisture content of the components of the mixture, it was determined: poultry manure with litter (PP) turned out to be the least wet and can be used for processing by extrusion; bird droppings from young stock (PM) and bird droppings from adult birds (PV) can be used for extrusion processing when mixed with vegetable fillers in a ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 2, respectively.
Research of the location of fixing blocks in the design of engineering structures
Authors: Borisova V , Borisova V , Volkova Y
Published: December 2020

A static model of loads in the mast, cables and blocks fixing its position is investigated. In contrast to the existing installation methods, in which instead of blocks, piles are used, located on the shore and uniquely fixing the mast, in the problem under consideration it is not possible to install piles. Therefore, the blocks are installed directly into the water and are not attached to the bottom by anything. Fixation occurs due to the force of friction between the block and the bottom of the reservoir and the force of gravity. Static equilibrium is considered at ultimate dynamic loads, which were specified in the problem statement.
Machine Wear Calculation Module in Computer-Aided Design Systems
Authors: Dykha A , Sorokatyi R , Pasichnyk O , Yaroshenko P , Skrypnyk T
Published: December 2020

It has been established that computer-aided design systems are currently an effective tool in engineering practice. Based on the methods of computer modeling, it is possible to assess the performance of any technical system in a given period of time. The operability of almost all technical systems is associated with the analysis of the process of wear of its elements. For the numerical modeling of wear processes, an iterative approach is proposed, which involves consideration of a number of discrete states through which the tribosystem passes during its operation. To characterize tribosystems, the method uses a unified mathematical apparatus to simulate the wear of various friction units. This takes into account a wide range of operating factors that limit the physical characteristics of wear processes and their changes in the process of functioning. An algorithm of interaction of the module for calculating the wear of an element with a computer-aided design system and an example of its implementation are presented.
Analysis of the influence of theoretical head coefficient on the low-flow centrifugal compressor stage characteristics
Authors: Yablokov A , Kozhukhov Y , Sadovskiy N , Yanin I , Nguyen M H
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a numerical study of the influence of the theoretical head coefficients on the characteristics of a low-flow stage of a centrifugal compressor. The study was conducted in the Ansys CFX 19.2 software package. As a result of a numerical study, it was found that the drop in the efficiency of the compressor stage with an increase in the theoretical head coefficient is associated with a decrease in the efficiency of the stationary elements due to the increased absolute speed behind the impeller. At the same time, an increase in the theoretical head coefficient leads to a decrease in losses associated with the coefficient 1 + β1k + βfr and therefore, an increase in the polytropic efficiency of the impeller is observed at values of the theoretical head coefficient ψt ≤0.64.
Exploring the possibilities of using machine vision in the construction industry
Authors: Konikov Alexander , Sudakova Anna
Published: December 2020

In many areas of the economy, including the construction industry, new IT technologies are being successfully introduced - Cloud computing, Big Data, Internet of Things etc. A significant place among these technologies is taken by the direction of “Machine Vision”. This technology allows to bring to a qualitatively different level a number of important applications in the construction industry and therefore deserves the close attention of specialists. For example, with the help of machine vision it is possible to consider and analyze the smallest defects invisible to the human eye (for example, when controlling the quality of an important element of construction structures - welds). The result is not affected by fatigue or inattention of the staff, you can work 24 hours, there are other advantages discussed in the article. The best effect is achieved with the complex application of new IT technologies. The most promising is the use of machine vision in combination with IoT and Big Data technologies. The paper explores the possibility of using machine vision in the construction industry as a stand-alone solution and in combination with other new IT technologies. The possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) equipped with a machine vision system is being considered - for monitoring construction sites and surrounding areas.
Regularities of deformation of the bending of elastic elements and the parameters of vibrations of a dynamic tillage operating part
Authors: Dzhabborov N , Sergeev A , Zakharov A , Perekopskiy A
Published: December 2020

Revealing the regularities of bending deformation of elastic elements and vibration parameters of dynamic tillage operating parts is an urgent task, as it ensures the development of new innovative energy-efficient operating parts The aim of the study is to identify the patterns of deformation of elastic elements and oscillations of the wing of a dynamic tillage part of the operating part. The object of research is a dynamic arrow-shaped tillage operating part with a working width of 330 mm for surface tillage to a depth of 14 cm. The subject of research is the regularities of the bending deformation of elastic elements and the vibration parameters of dynamic tillage operating parts. The research was carried out using methods of mathematical modeling based on the study of physical laws that occur during soil cultivation; experimental studies on energy assessment of tillage operating part, analysis and generalization of experimental data. The scientific novelty of the work is represented by empirical dependencies for determining the value of the deflection of an elastic element, displacement of the extreme point of the wing and the amplitude of oscillations of the extreme point of the wing of a dynamic tillage operating part. The graphical and empirical dependences of the deflection value of the elastic element, the movement of the extreme point of the wing and the amplitude of its oscillations from the bending moment, the speed of movement and the load of the dynamic tillage operating part are given. It was found that within the range of bending moment variation from 36.2 to 95.35 N⋅m, the deflection of the elastic element ranges from 5.5 to 15.8 mm. At the same time, within the limits of the change in the speed of movement of the dynamic tillage worker from 1.94 to 3.61 m/s, the average value of the movement of the wing extreme point increases from 11.55 mm to 14.75 mm. The relationship of the parameters considered above on the bending moment, load and speed of movement of a dynamic tillage operating part is described by empirical dependencies with the coefficient of determination R
2 = 0.67 – 0.85. The error of the sample mean Sy of the investigated parameters of the dynamic operating part varied within 0.039 – 0.136.
Formation of technological properties and structure of high-speed powder steels and the influence of alloying components on the processes of diffusion and splicing during sintering and hot stamping
Authors: Egorova R , Egorov M , Atrokhov A , Ishchenkova V , Kovtun M , Sarkisian D , Saakian S
Published: December 2020

Using powder metallurgy, it is possible to produce more durable and wear-resistant tools made of high-speed steel. Such a tool works more effectively than a carbide tool when processing with impact and removing large allowances. But in certain niches, the tool made of high-speed steel, especially powder steel, which is characterized by greater wear resistance and strength compared to ordinary steel, retained its leadership.
On a problem of the elastic wedge-shaped body oscillations generated in its rib zone
Authors: Berkovich V , Poltinnikov V
Published: December 2020

In the paper there studies the wave process in the wedge-shaped body exited by the antiplane shear oscillation generators in the rib zone surface. Mathematical model construction is fulfilled by the mixed dynamic boundary value problem reduced to the boundary integral equation (BIE) about contact stresses in the domain of given oscillation generators. Previous author’s papers permit to construct BIE solution and reconstruct the wave field in the whole wedge-shaped medium. To estimate the correctness of application of the solution mentioned above the wedgeshaped medium with generators is transformed to the half-space. Then the solution of the mixed problem for the half-space is constructed by two independed methods: by the method based on BIE and by use the degenerated elliptical coordinates. Both solutions are in rigorous coincidence.
Structure formation of cast Al-Mg-Si alloys during the melts irradiation with nanosecond electromagnetic pulses
Authors: Deev V , Ri E , Prusov E , Ermakov M , Slavinskaya N
Published: December 2020

An assessment of the grain refining effect of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses on the structure of cast aluminum alloys of the Al-Mg-Si system is carried out. The relationship between the amplitude of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses (5, 10, 15 kV) and the structural and morphological parameters of the irradiated aluminum alloys is shown. It was found that the processing of the melts at an amplitude of 15 kV is accompanied by the greatest refinement of the structural components of the alloy, and also by a change in their morphology and a decrease in microporosity in the structure of cast ingot. Theoretical analysis of the influence of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses on the structure and properties of aluminum alloys from the standpoint of the theory of the microheterogeneous structure of metal melts is given.
Mathematical and computer models of the gas flow movement near the shaped cover of the rough grinding machine
Authors: Kuptsova I S , Bulygin Yu I , Azimova N N , Loskutnikova I N
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study is to improve working conditions for operators of grinding machines by ensuring sanitary standards for dustiness in the workplace. To achieve the goal, it is necessary: to develop a mathematical model for the dispersion of abrasive-cast iron dust when grinding fragile parts; mathematical and computer models of the aspiration of the rough grinding machine; to propose an engineering method for calculating the efficiency of a cover in the form of a built-in casing and the choice of elements of a dust removal and dust collection system for grinding machines of the class under discussion. The article presents the mathematical and computer models of aspiration of a roughing-grinding machine, implemented in modern software Ansys. The dependencies, describing the flows of velocity fields in the closed area of the grinding wheel are obtained, which influence the formation of flow lines near the shaped cover of the roughing-grinding machine, which will make it possible to determine the efficiency of the cover of the roughing-grinding machine, including the design stage in future.
Simulation of the cable part of the load-lifting device drive, represented as a rod system
Authors: Ivanovskaya A V , Bogatyreva E V , Rybak A T
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the cable part of a lifting device operating on a marine vessel was studied. When the object is being towed, the “the vessel – the lifting device – the cargo system” makes non-stationary motion. In this case, the parameters of the cable part of the device: the distance between the points of the wire cable hanging, the length of the wire cable, its shape, and hydrodynamic resistance are variable. In the simulation of wire rope, it is proposed to replace it in the form of a rod system. During researches the mathematical model of small fluctuations of rod system on the basis of the Lagrange equation of II sort has been developed. Using the example of two-, three- and four-rod systems from age-old equations, dependences for their own frequencies are obtained and natural forms of small vibrations are constructed. However, as the number of rods in the system increases, the number of elements and degrees of freedom increases, leading to a significant complication. Therefore, at modeling similar types of load-lifting elements, it is recommended to limit the number of rods.
Finite element simulation of airflow in a field cleaner
Authors: Panfilov I A , Soloviev A N , Matrosov A A , Meskhi B Ch , Polushkin O O , Rudoy D V , Pakhomov V I
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the grain mass in a stripping field installation and a stationary installation for separating grain. At the first stage, a model of the air mass movement in the installation under consideration is constructed and, on the basis of a mathematical model that takes into account the turbulence of the air mass movement, using the finite volume method in the ANSYS package, the velocity and pressure field is calculated. The influence of the technological parameters of the installations on these fields is studied: the diameters and rotation speed of the stripping drum and the additional drum-fan, the shape of the surface of the upper deck of the installation chamber. The calculations performed allow us to choose rational geometric and kinematic parameters at which no stagnant zones arise in the chamber.