bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of neuroradiology collaboration in head and neck cancer radiotherapy peer review
Authors: Gatfield Elinor R , Benson Richard J , Jadon Rashmi , Das Tilak , Barnett Gillian C
Published: November 2022

Objective:

To quantify the impact of neuroradiologist presence on head and neck cancer (HNC) radiotherapy peer review (PR) changes.

Methods:

Prospective data were collected from HNC radiotherapy PR meetings; major, minor, and organ at risk (OAR) changes recorded. Differences in changes made with a neuroradiologist present were determined. χ2 tests of statistical significance were performed. Multivariate logistic regression identified potential predictors of changes.

Results:

Prospective PR was performed in 125/160 (78%) patients undergoing radical (chemo)radiotherapy for HNC between October 2018 and September 2019. Full PR documentation was available for 120/160 meetings (75%), with a neuroradiologist present in 53/120 (44%). Overall, 51/120 (42.5%) had changes made to target volumes or OARs. When a neuroradiologist was present, 29/53 (55%) of plans had changes made, compared to 22/67 (33%) in their absence. On multivariate analysis, neuroradiologist presence significantly influenced any changes made during the PR meetings (OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.05–6.43; p = 0.039).

Conclusion:

Neuroradiologist presence at PR meetings significantly influences changes made to HNC contouring, likely improving consistency and enhancing quality assurance.

Advances in knowledge:

This is the first published UK series demonstrating that a collaborative approach between radiology and oncology in PR meetings is significant in leading to contour changes for HNC.
Dental education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany – cross-sectional lecturer-side evaluation for the application of digital teaching concepts
Authors: Nold Ephraim , Demeter Vivienne , Erdelt Kurt-Jürgen , Edelhoff Daniel , Liebermann Anja
Published: November 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant restrictions on dental teaching. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the attitudes of faculty members towards digital teaching formats and the effort creating digital lectures. We hypothesized that on the lecturer side there is no difference between the various digital teaching concepts in terms of workload and effort and that there is no increase in workload and effort when switching to digital teaching concepts.

Methods: All German dental faculties were invited to the online survey by an anonymous voluntary questionnaire from January to April 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 27 questions that could be answered with a visual analog scale, free text answers, or with fixed answer options. Data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and an exploratory data analysis (α=0.05).

Results: Before the pandemic, 24.8% of the participating lecturers were using digital teaching and 64.4% had no previous experience. After the outbreak of the pandemic 100% of the dental teaching was initially held online. More than 80% of the lecturers stated that they offer online lectures (86.1%), online seminars (81.2%), and/or online bedside teaching (33.7%). 88.1% see face-to-face teaching as the preferred teaching format. The lecturers also see the greatest opportunities for interaction in the area of analog teaching and significantly worse in synchronous and asynchronous digital teaching. In the course of the pandemic, respondents' attitudes towards online teaching improved in the median of 24.0 to a median of 50.0.

Conclusions: Faculty members have positively changed their attitudes towards online teaching formats over the course of the pandemic. Although they see the greatest learning success in conventional face-to-face teaching formats and the creation of digital lectures is associated with a higher effort, they want more online lessons in the future.
Fundamentals of labor organization in digital ecosystems
Authors: SAVEL'EVA Ekaterina , Fedchenko Anna , Gegechkori Ol'ga
Published: November 2022

The textbook comprehensively presents the regularities of the formation of the theory and practice of labor organization in digital ecosystems. The key issues of digital labor organization are considered: development and implementation of project-network forms of division and cooperation of labor; design of optimal labor processes based on modern information and communication technologies; formation of rational labor mobility and labor flows; development and implementation of sound norms and rules in the field of digital labor; training of labor agents to work in the digital space; creation of balanced remuneration systems, recruitment and retention of labor agents, etc. Methodological principles of digital labor organization are highlighted, as well as approaches for studying and solving theoretical and practical issues of modern labor organization.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the areas of training 38.03.03 "Personnel Management", 38.03.02 "Management", 38.03.01 "Economics", studying labor organization issues, as well as project managers, HR specialists, labor organization engineers, ergonomists, production coordinators in distributed communities, community development program coordinators, course students, graduate students, teachers.
Pedagogy and psychology of children with mental retardation (intellectual disabilities)
Authors: Yakovleva Irina , Bratkova Margarita , Karanevskaya Ol'ga , Titova Oksana , Afanas'eva Yuliya , Zakrepina Alla , Kondrat'eva Svetlana
Published: November 2022

The textbook presents the issues of diagnosis of intellectual disabilities, features of development and theoretical foundations of education, upbringing of children with intellectual disabilities. Special sections deal with the issues of pedagogical work with students with severe intellectual disabilities.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training "Special (defectological) education", "Psychological and pedagogical education" and "Pedagogical education", it can also be used by teachers of both special (correctional) and general education schools working with children with intellectual disabilities.
Effective business negotiations
Authors: Zavolokina Lyudmila , Nizhegorodcev Robert , Vorob'eva Tat'yana
Published: November 2022

The textbook deals mainly with practical issues of conducting business negotiations: the ability to convince, build arguments, conduct a discussion, tactical techniques in a situation of destructive positions of a business partner, in a conflict situation. Particular attention is paid to the ethics of speech influence in business negotiations, understanding the peculiarities of speech perception and audience attention management, correct interpretation of nonverbal signals and the use of various nonverbal communication tools to improve the effectiveness of business communication. Within the framework of the psychology of business communication, emphasis is placed on the problems of personal development, improving communication skills and interpersonal communication. In the topic of business etiquette, the rules of behavior of a successful manager, the dress code at official and business events, the rules of behavior during visits and in public places are considered. The topic of the Russian style of negotiation, taking into account the cultural traditions of our country, is highlighted separately.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training "Management", "Economics", as well as anyone interested in the problems of personal development, improving communication skills and interpersonal relationships.
Fundamentals of accounting reporting analysis
Authors: Sigidov Yuriy , Moroz Natal'ya , Oksanich Elena , Yasmenko Galina , Horuzhiy Lyudmila , Zonova Alevtina , Cheglakova Svetlana
Published: November 2022

The textbook shows the role of financial statements in the formation of information necessary for internal and external users interested in it. The requirements for financial statements are defined, the methodology of its analysis is described in detail on a concrete example, taking into account the achievements of modern economic science. The possibilities of using the results of the analysis for the preparation, justification and adoption of strategic and tactical management decisions at different levels are presented.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
For students of secondary vocational education programs "Economics and accounting (by industry)", as well as practicing accountants, economists, students of the system of additional professional education.
Financial management
Authors: Lisicyna Ekaterina , Vaschenko Tat'yana , Zabrodina Marina , Plaskova Nataliya
Published: November 2022

The textbook contains the basic professional course of financial management of the company according to the Russian and foreign programs of study of the discipline "Financial management". It can be used for both classroom and distance learning, as well as for self-study.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For undergraduate students studying in the areas of 38.03.01 "Economics", 38.03.02 "Management" in financial profiles.
Teaching Russian and developing meta-subject skills of students in inclusive primary education classes
Authors: Biba Anna , Razumova Galina
Published: November 2022

The monograph attempts to identify and substantiate the content and complex of spelling teaching tools for younger schoolchildren with a pronounced general underdevelopment of speech with the simultaneous development of their academic independence. To solve the problem, both theoretical research methods (analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, generalization of scientific data) and empirical (observation, conversation, testing, analysis of student activity products) were used. The theoretical basis of teaching and development of students with mild speech underdevelopment in inclusive education classes is information about the cognitive, regulatory and speech features of this category of children; ideas of the development of younger schoolchildren in the learning process; the provisions of linguistics and psycholinguistics on the structure of spelling skills and the patterns of its formation, including in children with speech pathologies.
It can be in demand in the professional training of future primary school teachers, in the practice of primary school teachers of inclusive education and speech therapists who assist primary school students with speech underdevelopment in mastering the school curriculum.
Intelligent technologies in unmanned systems
Authors: Gvozdeva Valentina
Published: November 2022

The textbook discusses the work on the application of intelligent technologies in unmanned systems. A description of the research methodology is given, the results of the work carried out are presented, as well as their interpretation. The basics of management of intelligent unmanned systems have been studied. The basic concepts and definitions, the history of development, the basics of data management in unmanned systems are described. The main methods and models used in intelligent unmanned systems are given. The issues of data management in unmanned systems of various types of activity are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of universities and institutions of secondary vocational education studying in the areas of training and specialties involving the study of disciplines related to intelligent control in unmanned systems.
The mutual influence of transport infrastructure and human development
Authors: Sergeeva Mariya , Strelec Irina , Zabelina Ol'ga
Published: November 2022

Transport infrastructure and human development coexist in a non-linear relationship. The concept of structural and infrastructural development of society is the first attempt at theoretical justification of this interaction. Particular attention is paid to the study of approaches to the definition of the concepts of "infrastructure", "transport infrastructure", "human development"; analysis of the mechanisms of influence of transport infrastructure on human development and mechanisms of reverse impact; understanding the role of pricing processes in this interaction. Further development of the presented issue can become the basis for a macroeconomic analysis of the "transport infrastructure - human development" ex ante relationship.
For a wide range of readers interested in transport infrastructure issues.
Siberia-2021. Development continues
Authors: Kuimov Vasiliy , Zhironkin Sergey , Demchenko Svetlana , Suslova Yuliya , Voloshin Andrey , Antamoshkin Oleslav , Yamschikov Andrey , Petruchenya Irina , Bryuhanova Evgeniya , Voroncova Irina , Moshkina Elena , Ustyuzhanina Dar'ya , Drobyshev Ivan , Buharova Evgeniya , Kotov Aleksandr , Revkuc Aleksandra , Filimonenko Irina , Ruyga Irina , Globa Svetlana , Fedorova Aleksandra , Shaydurov Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Based on the analysis of the current state, the monograph explores the directions and new opportunities for the development of Siberia as one of the promising macro-regions of Russia and the planet. It is shown that the Siberian territories (Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva, Irkutsk Region) have accumulated high human and technological potential, energy and readiness for further development. The basic proposals of the authors of the study are offered for discussion at the Krasnoyarsk Economic Forum.
The resources of Siberia and the experience of its development are of national importance. They can and should serve people through the development, renewal and rational use of the latest practices and advanced integrated technologies.
For a wide range of readers interested in regional economic issues. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities and faculties.
Conquest of the Earth
Authors: Borzyh Stanislav
Published: November 2022

The monograph tells from a somewhat unexpected side about how man conquered the Earth. The central idea is that people did not do this consciously, but obeyed circumstances that pushed them in this direction. From the time of the design of our species to this day, we were mostly hostages of the situation in which we found ourselves, and this forced us to act in accordance with it, and not with what we would like. However, our main goal was not the world itself, but we, i.e. we were the object of our own subjugation to the same extent that we were its subjects. All this is shown over a long historical period, but always and everywhere we followed the flow, usually without realizing it, but also without asking it. This process is still incomplete and is in full swing, and we are both actively and passively participating in it. In many ways, if not in all, this created us, which is demonstrated.
For a wide range of readers interested in philosophical issues.
Development of the Soviet secondary school in the first post-war years (1946-1952)
Authors: Cmirnickiy Aleksandr , Mihail Yur'evich , Lushin Aleksandr
Published: November 2022

The monograph is devoted to the study of the problems of the development of the Soviet secondary school in the first post-war years in the context of the socio-political development of Soviet society. It analyzes the successes and failures of the Soviet secondary school in teaching and educating students. On the basis of the sources and literature available to the author, the features of the development of the Soviet secondary school of the first post-war years as a socio-cultural phenomenon are revealed.
It is intended for a wide range of readers interested in the history of the Soviet school.
The tradition of the author's mask in Russian prose of the XVIII-XIX centuries
Authors: Os'muhina Ol'ga , Urtminceva Marina , kafedra russkoy
Published: November 2022

The author's mask is one of the most important signs of literary consciousness from antiquity to the present, it becomes a synthesis of the author's self-expression and his transformation from a "real" figure into an artistic image functioning within the text space.
The monograph examines the author's mask as one of the most important elements of the author's strategy. Russian Russian authors comprehend the place of the author's mask in the structure of the author's consciousness in the process of the formation of the institution of authorship, and also study the tradition of using the author's mask in the general context of the history of Russian literature of the XX century. based on the material of Russian prose of the XVIII-XIX centuries: M. Chulkov, V. Senkovsky, I. Krylov, A. Pushkin, N. Gogol, V. Odoevsky, V. Dahl. For the first time, the study of the process of author's self-identification and the category of the mask as a false author's identification, the nature and forms of its functioning expands ideas about the operation of the identification mechanism and about identity problems in general.
For a wide range of readers interested in Russian fiction. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of philological universities and faculties.
Resveratrol impacts health in patients with diabetes mellitus and other metabolic conditions
Authors: Nowak Emilia , Psiuk Dominika , Rocka Agata , Dycha Natalia , Jasielski Patryk , Jasielska Faustyna , Madras Dominika , Rocka Ewelina
Published: November 2022

Background
Resveratrol is a polyphenol with many properties, including activity against glycation, oxidative stress, inflammation, neurodegeneration, carcinogenesis and aging. It appears to be a promising compound for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize the results of the latest clinical trials that concern effects of resveratrol in diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 and its complications - diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic nephropathy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
 
Aim of the study
Based on in vitro studies and animal models, it has been observed that resveratrol reverses the factors causing premature death: obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and blood lowering glucose effects, it appears to be a promising compound for the treatment of metabolic conditions. The review presents different clinical trials concerning the efficiency of resveratrol supplementation in patients with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome and their complications. Most studies focused on assessing the effect of resveratrol supplementation as an adjunctive treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 and in this group of patients it gave the best results causing reduction of fasting glucose levels, fasting insulin concentration, insulin resistance and improvement of insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles.
 
Conclusions
Resveratrol remains a potential drug in the treatment of metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus. However, the results of the conducted trials are inconscient. More research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of resveratrol supplementation in treating diabetes, its complications and other metabolic conditions.
Optimising the welfare of equids on box rest: thinking outside the box
Authors: Prescott Kayna
Published: November 2022

Restriction of equids to a stable for box rest is advisable for the management of acute physiological conditions. Confinement to a single stable is not an optimal environment for a horse and can create frustration and the expression of abnormal behaviours, which can indicate a reduced welfare state. Expression of aggression towards handlers or rebound behaviours when released from the stable can be a safety concern for handlers and gives the potential for reinjury. By reviewing the literature, we can consider what aspects of the environment can be adjusted to allow optimal expression of natural behaviour within the stable, subsequently reducing frustration and stress which will improve the welfare of the equine on box rest and potentially improve the safety of handlers.
IDEAÇÃO SUICIDA EM POPULAÇÃO URBANA DE FEIRA DE SANTANA: ESTIMATIVAS DE FREQUÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS
Authors: Sibelly dos Santos Lima  , Aline Silva Gomes
Published: November 2022

Ideações suicidas varia de pensamentos passageiros, pensamentos extensos a um planejamento detalhado, assim, envolve pensamentos, ideias, planejamento e desejo de se matar (ARAÚJO; VIEIRA; COUTINHO, 2010).
Decolonizing English Literature Departments At Arab Universities
Authors: Hamdi Tahrir
Published: November 2022

Education in the Arab world is in need of a revolution, and this revolutionary transformation is inevitably and intricately linked to the production, ordering, and dissemination of revolutionary, anti-colonial knowledge. This article emphasizes the urgency for decolonizing education, specifically English literature departments at Arab universities. Many thinkers have documented the connection between literature, culture, and imperialism on the one hand (Gauri Viswanathan’s
Masks of Conquest, 1989 and Edward Said’s
Culture and Imperialism, 1993) and literature, culture, and resistance on the other hand (Fanon, Kanafani, Cabral, Said, and others who wrote about zero point epistemology). While there have been some decolonization efforts in different parts of the world, even at Ivy League institutions (Cornell University, for example), Arab universities ironically maintain a very rigid, government accredited English and American literary curriculum with no attempt or intention at decolonizing these colonial era curricula. This article interrogates the aims behind maintaining a purely English (and American) literary curricula, especially as the Arab region continues to undergo the most violent and aggressive forms of Western intervention, which has led to massive destruction of Arab state infrastructures, the loss of Palestine in 1948, the dissolution of the social fabric of Arab societies and thousands of deaths in the past two decades. Against this destructive Western agenda, a constructive, awareness raising impulse embedded in a literature/culture of resistance is in order. It is high time that Arab universities decolonize their English literature departments, a necessary transformation that entails, to quote the title of an essay by Walter D. Mignolo, “Epistemic Disobedience, Independent Thought and Decolonial Freedom” (2009).
Applications of optical microcombs
Authors: Sun Yang , Wu Jiayang , Tan Mengxi , Xu Xingyuan , Li Yang , Morandotti Roberto , Mitchell Arnan , Moss David J.
Published: November 2022

Optical microcombs represent a new paradigm for generating laser
frequency combs based on compact chip-scale devices, which have
underpinned many modern technological advances for both fundamental
science and industrial applications. Along with the surge in activity
related to optical microcombs in the past decade, their applications
have also experienced rapid progress: not only in traditional fields
such as frequency synthesis, signal processing, and optical
communications but also in new interdisciplinary fields spanning the
frontiers of light detection and ranging (LiDAR), astronomical
detection, neuromorphic computing, and quantum optics. This paper
reviews the applications of optical microcombs. First, an overview of
the devices and methods for generating optical microcombs is provided,
which are categorized into material platforms, device architectures,
soliton classes, and driving mechanisms. Second, the broad
applications of optical microcombs are systematically reviewed, which
are categorized into microwave photonics, optical communications,
precision measurements, neuromorphic computing, and quantum optics.
Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are
discussed.
Miniaturized structured illumination microscopy using two 3-axis MEMS micromirrors
Authors: Tinning Peter , Donnachie Mark , Christopher Jay , Uttamchandani Deepak , Bauer Ralf
Published: November 2022

We present the development and performance characterisation of a novel
structured illumination microscope (SIM) in which the grating pattern
is generated using two optical beams controlled via 2
micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) three-axis scanning
micromirrors. The implementation of MEMS micromirrors to accurately
and repeatably control angular, radial and phase positioning delivers
flexible control of the fluorescence excitation illumination, with
achromatic beam delivery through the same optical path, reduced
spatial footprint and cost-efficient integration being further
benefits. Our SIM architecture enables the direct implementation of
multi-color imaging in a compact and adaptable package. The
two-dimensional SIM system approach is enabled by a pair of 2 mm
aperture electrostatically actuated three-axis micromirrors having
static angular tilt motion along the x- and y-axes and static piston
motion along the z-axis. This allows precise angular, radial and phase
positioning of two optical beams, generating a fully controllable
spatial interference pattern at the focal plane by adjusting the
positions of the beam in the back-aperture of a microscope objective.
This MEMS-SIM system was applied to fluorescent bead samples and cell
specimens, and was able to obtain a variable lateral resolution
improvement between 1.3 and 1.8 times the diffraction limited
resolution.
Binocular holographic display based on the holographic optical element
Authors: Qin Xiujuan , Sang Xinzhu , Li Hui , Yu Chongxiu , Xiao Rui , Zhong Chongli , Sun Zhi , Dong Yu , Yan Binbin
Published: November 2022

Due to the limited pixel pitch of the spatial light modulator (SLM), the field of view (FOV) is insufficient to meet binocular observation needs. Here, an optimized controlling light method of a binocular holographic three-dimensional (3D) display system based on the holographic optical element (HOE) is proposed. The synthetic phase-only hologram uploaded onto the SLM is generated with the layer-based angular spectrum diffraction theory, and two different reference waves are introduced to separate the left view and the right view of the 3D scene. The HOE with directional controlling light parameters is employed to guide binocular information into the left-eye and the right-eye viewing zones simultaneously. Optical experiments verify that the proposed system can achieve binocular holographic augmented reality 3D effect successfully with real physical depth, which can eliminate the accommodation-vergence conflict and visual fatigue problem. For each perspective, the FOV is 8.7° when the focal length of the HOE is 10 cm. The width of the viewing zone is 2.3 cm when the viewing distance is 25 cm.
Transmission of an optical vortex beam in antiresonant fibers generated in an all-fiber system
Authors: Nguyen Hue Thi , Stepniewski Grzegorz , Filipkowski Adam , Kasztelanic Rafal , Pysz Dariusz , Le Van Hieu , Stepien Ryszard , Klimczak Mariusz , Krolikowski Wieslaw , Buczynski Ryszard
Published: November 2022

We report an experimental study on transmission of orbital angular momentum mode in antiresonant fibers generated with a dedicated all-fiber optical vortex phase mask. The vortex generator can convert Gaussian beam into vortex beams with topological charge l = 1. Generated vortex beam is directly butt-coupled into the antiresonant fiber and propagates over distance of 150 cm. The stability and sensitivity of the transmitted vortex beam on the external perturbations including bending, axial stress, and twisting is investigated. We demonstrate distortion-free vortex propagation for the axial stress force below 0.677 N, a bend radius greater than 10 cm.
Inverse design of soliton microcomb based on genetic algorithm and deep learning
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Kang Guoguo , Wang Jin , Pan Yijie , Qu Jifeng
Published: November 2022

Soliton microcombs generated by the third-order nonlinearity of microresonators exhibit high coherence, low noise, and stable spectra envelopes, which can be designed for many applications. However, conventional dispersion engineering based design methods require iteratively solving Maxwell's equations through time-consuming electromagnetic field simulations until a local optimum is obtained. Moreover, the overall inverse design from soliton microcomb to the microcavity geometry has not been systematically investigated. In this paper, we propose a high accuracy microcomb-to-geometry inverse design method based on the genetic algorithm (GA) and deep neural network (DNN), which effectively optimizes dispersive wave position and power. The method uses the Lugiato-Lefever equation and GA (LLE-GA) to obtain second- and higher-order dispersions from a target microcomb, and it utilizes a pre-trained forward DNN combined with GA (FDNN-GA) to obtain microcavity geometry. The results show that the dispersive wave position deviations of the inverse designed MgF2 and Si3N4 microresonators are less than 0.5%, and the power deviations are less than 5 dB, which demonstrates good versatility and effectiveness of our method for various materials and structures.
Photonic-enabled beam steering at 300 GHz using a photodiode-based antenna array and a polymer-based optical phased array
Authors: Nellen Simon , Qian Tianwen , Schwanke Garrit , Lauck Sebastian , de Felipe David , Kleinert Moritz , Deumer Milan , Liebermeister Lars , Baier Moritz , Globisch Bjoern , Keil Norbert , Kohlhaas Robert B. , Schell Martin
Published: November 2022

For wireless networks beyond 5G, directivity and reconfigurability of antennas are highly relevant. Therefore, we propose a linear antenna array based on photodiodes operating at 300 GHz, and an optical phased array based on polymer waveguides to orchestrate the antennas. Due to its low thermal conductivity and high thermo-optical coefficient, the polymer chip enables highly efficient and crosstalk-free phase shifting. With these, we demonstrate purely photonic-controlled beam steering across 20°. Compared to a single emitter, the 3-dB beam width is reduced by 8.5° to 22.5° and the output power is >10 dB higher. Employing Snell’s law for coupling into air, we can precisely predict the radiation patterns.
Modeling of a multi-parameter chaotic optoelectronic oscillator based on the Fourier neural operator
Authors: Feng Jiacheng , Jiang Lin , Yan Lianshan , Yi Anlin , Li Song-sui , Pan Wei , Luo Bin , Pan Yan , Xu Bingjie , Yi Lilin , Wang Longsheng , Wang Anbang , Wang Yuncai
Published: November 2022

A model construction scheme of chaotic optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on the Fourier neural operator (FNO) is proposed. Different from the conventional methods, we learn the nonlinear dynamics of OEO (actual components) in a data-driven way, expecting to obtain a multi-parameter OEO model for generating chaotic carrier with high-efficiency and low-cost. FNO is a deep learning architecture which utilizes neural network as a parameter structure to learn the trajectory of the family of equations from training data. With the assistance of FNO, the nonlinear dynamics of OEO characterized by differential delay equation can be modeled easily. In this work, the maximal Lyapunov exponent is applied to judge whether these time series have chaotic behavior, and the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) is introduced to evaluate the modeling performance. Compare with long and short-term memory (LSTM), FNO is not only superior to LSTM in modeling accuracy, but also requires less training data. Subsequently, we analyze the modeling performance of FNO under different feedback gains and time delays. Both numerical and experimental results show that the PCC can be greater than 0.99 in the case of low feedback gain. Next, we further analyze the influence of different system oscillation frequencies, and the generalization ability of FNO is also analyzed.
Stray light analysis and suppression method of a pancake virtual reality head-mounted display
Authors: Hou Qichao , Cheng Dewen , Li Yang , Zhang Tian , Li DanYang , Huang Yilun , Chen Hailong , Wang Qiwei , Hou Weihong , Yang Tong , Wang Yongtian
Published: November 2022

Pancake virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR-HMDs) have attracted the attention of researchers in both academia and industry because of the compact size and light weight. However, owing to the use of optical path folding, there exist various stray lights in the optical system, which seriously degrades user experience. In this study, we analyze the causes and effects of multiple types of stray light systematically and design a VR-HMD with low stray light, large exit pupil diameter (EPD), compact form and light weight. Subsequently, several effective stray light suppression solutions are proposed and implemented. Finally, a prototype of a compact pancake VR-HMD system is successfully demonstrated. The prototype has stray light of less than 2.3%, a diagonal field of view (FOV) of 96° and an EPD of 10 mm at an 11 mm eye relief (ERF).
Anomalous π modes by Floquet engineering in optical lattices with long-range coupling
Authors: Wu Shengjie , Song Wange , Lin Zhiyuan , Chen Chen , Zhu Shining , Li Tao
Published: November 2022

Photonic Floquet topological insulators provide a powerful tool to manipulate the optical fields, which have been extensively studied with only nearest-neighbor coupling. Here, we demonstrate that nontrivial Floquet topological phase and photonic π modes are brought from long-range coupling in a one-dimensional periodically driven optical lattice. Interestingly, the long-range coupling is found to give rise to new Floquet π modes that do not exist in the traditional Floquet lattices. We interpret the underlying physics by analyzing the replica bands, which shows quasienergies band crossing and reopening of new nontrivial π gaps due to the long-range coupling. Our results provide a new route in manipulating optical topological modes by Floquet engineering with long-range coupling.
Dual-loop diode-tuned Fourier domain harmonically mode-locked opto-electronic oscillator with over 50 dB side-mode spur reduction
Authors: Hao Peng , Niu Jiaqi , Wang Xichen , Yao X. Steve
Published: November 2022

We propose and demonstrate a dual-loop harmonic Fourier domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator (FDML-OEO) for drastically reducing the side-mode spurs. The frequency domain mode-locking is achieved by synchronizing the scanning period of the filter to an integer fraction of the round trip times of the two loops with a self-made low cost diode-tuned RF filter. We found, for the first time to the best of authors’ knowledge, that the frequency scanning bandwidth (FSBW) of the mode-locked output is strongly affected by the length mismatch between the two fiber loops. By using the phase noise of FDML OEO’s delayed self-heterodyne signal as a performance indicator, we found experimentally that both the locking bandwidth and the FSBW of the device are inversely proportional to the length mis-match of the two loops. Finally, with dual-loop fiber lengths of 2041m and 2449.2m, including 2039m common fiber loop, we successfully obtained linearly chirped microwave signals around 9GHz with a phase noise of -127dBc/Hz at 10kHz offset from the 9GHz carrier, a FSBW of 0.4GHz, and a chirp rate of 200THz/s at 500.38 kHz repetition rate. More impressively, the side-mode spur ratio of the linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal is reduced to less than -83dB, the lowest ever achieved for a FDML OEO to the best of authors’ knowledge, which is more than 50dB improvement over that achieved with a single loop FDML OEO reported previously.
Simultaneous distributed acoustic sensing and communication over a two-mode fiber
Authors: Marin Juan M. , Ashry Islam , Alkhazragi Omar , Trichili Abderrahmen , Khee Ng Tien , Ooi Boon S.
Published: November 2022

We designed and tested a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) that co-exists with optical communication over a two-mode fiber (TMF). In particular, we excited both linearly polarized (LP) modes, LP01 and LP11a, using a photonic lantern for simultaneous information signal transmission while collecting the backscattered Rayleigh light at the near end of the fiber to detect vibrations from a predetermined source. While transmitting data using on–off keying (OOK) or orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation schemes, the optical fiber DAS offers high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values that are always larger than the minimum acceptable 2 dB SNR. In addition, as a proof-of-concept experiment, we report parallel sensing and OFDM transmission achieving a data rate of up to 4.2 Gb/s with a bit error rate (BER) of 3.2 × 10−3.
Inter-mode soliton linear-wave scattering in a Kerr microresonator
Authors: Xu Yiqing , Liu Shuang , Qureshi Pierce , Erkintalo Miro , Coen Stéphane , Ma Huilian , Murdoch Stuart G.
Published: November 2022

Soliton microresonator frequency combs (microcombs) have recently emerged as an attractive new type of optical comb source with a wide range applications proposed and demonstrated. To extend the optical bandwidth of these microresonator sources, several previous studies have proposed and studied the injection of an additional optical probe wave into the resonator. In this case, nonlinear scattering between the injected probe and the original soliton enables the formation of new comb frequencies through a phase-matched cascade of four-wave mixing processes. In this work, we expand the relevant analyses to consider soliton–linear wave interactions when the soliton and the probe fields propagate in different mode families. We obtain an expression for the phase-matched idler locations as a function of the dispersion of the resonator and the phase detuning of the injected probe. We confirm our theoretical predictions in experiments performed in a silica waveguide ring microresonator.
Complete characterization of picosecond optical pulses by the offset frequency intensity modulation
Authors: Oguchi Kenichi , Nitanai Sho , Ozeki Yasuyuki
Published: November 2022

We present a method for characterizing the intensity waveform, spectrum, frequency chirp, and spectral phase of picosecond pulses at a moderate repetition rate of ∼100 MHz. The proposed method exploits the intensity modulation at ∼10 GHz, which is slightly offset from the integer multiple of the repetition rate of the pulses. The modulated pulses are split into two, and one is measured by an optical spectrum analyzer, whose output is detected by a lock-in amplifier, while the other is directly detected by a photodiode and its output is used as a reference signal of the lock-in amplifier. In the experiment, we demonstrate the measurement of picosecond Ti:sapphire laser pulses to investigate frequency chirp induced by self-phase modulation. We anticipate that the proposed method will be useful for the characterization of various types of picosecond pulses.
Submillimeter-spatial-resolution φ-OFDR strain sensor using femtosecond laser induced permanent scatters
Authors: Meng Yanjie , Fu Cailing , Chen Lin , Du Chao , Zhong Huajian , Wang Yiping , He Jun , Bao Weijia
Published: November 2022

A φ-optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) strain sensor with a submillimeter-spatial-resolution of 233 µm is demonstrated by using femtosecond laser induced permanent scatters (PSs) in a standard single-mode fiber (SMF). The PSs-inscribed SMF, i.e., strain sensor, with an interval of 233 µm exhibited a Rayleigh backscattering intensity (RBS) enhancement of 26 dB and insertion loss of 0.6 dB. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, method, i.e., PSs-assisted φ-OFDR, was proposed to demodulate the strain distribution based on the extracted phase difference of P- and S-polarized RBS signal. The maximum measurable strain was up to 1400 µε at a spatial resolution of 233 µm.
Multidetection scheme for transient-grating-based spectroscopy
Authors: Brioschi M. , Carrara P. , Polewczyk V. , Dagur D. , Vinai G. , Parisse P. , Dal Zilio S. , Panaccione G. , Rossi G. , Cucini R.
Published: November 2022

Time-resolved optical spectroscopy represents an effective non-invasive approach to investigate the interplay of different degrees of freedom, which plays a key role in the development of novel functional materials. Here, we present magneto-acoustic data on Ni thin films on SiO2 as obtained by a versatile pump–probe setup that combines transient grating spectroscopy with time-resolved magnetic polarimetry. The possibility to easily switch from a pulsed to continuous wave probe allows probing of acoustic and magnetization dynamics on a broad time scale, in both transmission and reflection geometry.
Compact diode-pumped continuous wave and passively Q switched Tm:YAG laser at 2.33 µm
Authors: Zha Fangyuan , Yu Xiaoxu , Chu Hongwei , Pan Han , Zhao Shengzhi , Loiko Pavel , Pan Zhongben , Li Dechun
Published: November 2022

Compact diode-pumped continuous wave (CW) and passively Q switched Tm:YAG lasers operating on the 3H4 → 3H5 transition are demonstrated. Using a 3.5-at.% Tm:YAG crystal, a maximum CW output power of 1.49 W is achieved at 2330 nm with a slope efficiency of 10.1%. The first Q switched operation of the mid-infrared Tm:YAG laser around 2.3 µm is realized with a few-atomic-layer MoS2 saturable absorber. Pulses as short as 150 ns are generated at a repetition rate of 190 kHz, corresponding to a pulse energy of 1.07 µJ. Tm:YAG is an attractive material for diode-pumped CW and pulsed mid-infrared lasers emitting around 2.3 µm.
A dual speckle method for eliminating air distortion in high temperature optical measurement experiments
Authors: Zhang Hongye , Peng Runlai , Feng Wei , Fan Chao , Liu Zhanwei
Published: November 2022

High-temperature deformation measurements based on optical measurement techniques are important for studying material properties. Due to the existence of temperature gradients between the high-temperature subject and the imaging system, the uneven air density distribution leads to random changes in the refractive index of air along the beam transmission path, which triggers random jitter in the images captured by the imaging system, resulting in large errors in the measured displacement field. In this paper, a dual speckle method is developed for eliminating air distortion in high-temperature experiments. The main experimental setup consists of two cameras, where one camera is focused on the speckles sprayed on the specimen surface that can measure the coupled displacement field, and the other camera is focused on the semipermeable speckles, which can measure the pure displacement caused by the change in the refraction index of air. Then, the true displacement of the tested specimen can be obtained by an arithmetic operation after the calculating point meets the one-to-one relationship. A simplified yet effective test was conducted and verified the feasibility of the method proposed, as the error analysis was analyzed in detail.
Ydj1 interaction at nucleotide-binding-domain of yeast Ssa1 impacts Hsp90 collaboration and client maturation
Authors: Gaur Deepika , Kumar Navinder , Ghosh Abhirupa , Singh Prashant , Kumar Pradeep , Guleria Jyoti , Kaur Satinderdeep , Malik Nikhil , Saha Sudipto , Nystrom Thomas , Sharma Deepak
Published: November 2022

Hsp90 constitutes one of the major chaperone machinery in the cell. The Hsp70 assists Hsp90 in its client maturation though the underlying basis of the Hsp70 role remains to be explored. In the present study, using S. cerevisiae strain expressing Ssa1 as sole Ssa Hsp70, we identified novel mutations in the nucleotide-binding domain of yeast Ssa1 Hsp70 (Ssa1-T175N and Ssa1-D158N) that adversely affect the maturation of Hsp90 clients v-Src and Ste11. The identified Ssa1 amino acids critical for Hsp90 function were also found to be conserved across species such as in E.coli DnaK and the constitutive Hsp70 isoform (HspA8) in humans. These mutations are distal to the C-terminus of Hsp70, that primarily mediates Hsp90 interaction through the bridge protein Sti1, and proximal to Ydj1 (Hsp40 co-chaperone of Hsp70 family) binding region. Intriguingly, we found that the bridge protein Sti1 is critical for cellular viability in cells expressing Ssa1-T175N (A1-T175N) or Ssa1-D158N (A1-D158N) as sole Ssa Hsp70. The growth defect was specific for sti1Δ, as deletion of none of the other Hsp90 co-chaperones showed lethality in A1-T175N or A1-D158N. Mass-spectrometry based whole proteome analysis of A1-T175N cells lacking Sti1 showed an altered abundance of various kinases and transcription factors suggesting compromised Hsp90 activity. Further proteomic analysis showed that pathways involved in signaling, signal transduction, and protein phosphorylation are markedly downregulated in the A1-T175N upon repressing Sti1 expression using doxycycline regulatable promoter. In contrast to Ssa1, the homologous mutations in Ssa4 (Ssa4-T175N/D158N), the stress inducible Hsp70 isoform, supported cell growth even in the absence of Sti1. Overall, our data suggest that Ydj1 competes with Hsp90 for binding to Hsp70, and thus regulates Hsp90 interaction with the nucleotide-binding domain of Hsp70. The study thus provides new insight into the Hsp70-mediated regulation of Hsp90 and broadens our understanding of the intricate complexities of the Hsp70-Hsp90 network.
ATRX modulates the escape from a telomere crisis
Authors: Geiller Helene E. B. , Harvey Adam , Jones Rhiannon E. , Grimstead Julia W. , Cleal Kez , Hendrickson Eric A. , Baird Duncan M.
Published: November 2022

Telomerase activity is the principal telomere maintenance mechanism in human cancers, however 15% of cancers utilise a recombination-based mechanism referred to as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) that leads to long and heterogenous telomere length distributions. Loss-of-function mutations in the Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X-Linked (ATRX) gene are frequently found in ALT cancers. Here, we demonstrate that the loss of ATRX, coupled with telomere dysfunction during crisis, is sufficient to initiate activation of the ALT pathway and that it confers replicative immortality in human fibroblasts. Additionally, loss of ATRX combined with a telomere-driven crisis in HCT116 epithelial cancer cells led to the initiation of an ALT-like pathway. In these cells, a rapid and precise telomeric elongation and the induction of C-circles was observed; however, this process was transient and the telomeres ultimately continued to erode such that the cells either died or the escape from crisis was associated with telomerase activation. In both of these instances, telomere sequencing revealed that all alleles, irrespective of whether they were elongated, were enriched in variant repeat types, that appeared to be cell-line specific. Thus, our data show that the loss of ATRX combined with telomere dysfunction during crisis induces the ALT pathway in fibroblasts and enables a transient activation of ALT in epithelial cells.