bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Albuminuria in People Chronically Exposed to Low-Dose Cadmium Is Linked to Rising Blood Pressure Levels
Authors: Satarug Soisungwan , Yimthiang Supabhorn , Khamphaya Tanaporn , Pouyfung Phisit , Vesey David A. , Buha Đorđević Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

Exposure to low-dose environmental pollutant cadmium (Cd) increases the risks of both albuminuria and hypertension by mechanisms which are poorly understood. Here, multiple regression and mediation analyses were applied to data from 641 Thai subjects of whom 39.8%, 16.5%, 10.8%, and 4.8% had hypertension, albuminuria, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. To correct for interindividual differences in urine dilution and surviving nephrons, the excretion rates of Cd (ECd), albumin (Ealb), and β2-microglobulin (Eβ2M) were normalized to the creatinine clearance (Ccr) as ECd/Ccr, Ealb/Ccr, and Eβ2M/Ccr. The respective risks of having CKD and hypertension rose to 3.52 (95% CI: 1.75, 7.05) and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.3) per doubling of the Cd body burden. The respective risk of having albuminuria increased 2.95-fold (p = 0.042) and 4.17-fold (p = 0.020) in subjects who had hypertension plus severe and extremely severe tubular dysfunction, defined according to the elevated β2M excretion rates. In multiple regression analysis, the Ealb/Ccr increased linearly with both the systolic blood pressure (SBP, β = 0.263) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, β = 0.150), while showing an inverse association with eGFR (β = −0.180). The mediation model analyses inferred that a declining eGFR induced by Cd contributed to 80.6% of the SBP increment (p = 0.005), which then fully mediated an elevation of albumin excretion (p < 0.001). The present study provides, for the first time, evidence that causally links Cd-induced eGFR reductions to blood pressure elevations, which enhance albumin excretion.
Molecular Detection of Mycobacterium leprae and the Process of Infection and Illness in Contacts of Leprosy Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vidal Sarah Lamas , Batista Lavínia Cássia Ferreira , Lages Daniele dos Santos , Bortolomai Bruna Eduarda , Bueno Isabela de Caux , Niitsuma Eyleen Nabyla Alvarenga , Oliveira Nathan Guilherme de , Baptista Ida Maria Foschiani Dias , Lana Francisco Carlos Félix
Published: January 2025

Various techniques have been used for the molecular identification of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). The aim of this review was to identify the relationship between the molecular presence of M. leprae and the process of infection and/or illness of contact of leprosy cases. A systematic review was carried out by searching the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases in January 2024. The studies were selected by two pairs of reviewers. Observational cross-sectional, case–control and cohort studies were included. A descriptive synthesis of the results by category was carried out. A total of 443 studies were identified, and 36 were included in the review. Twelve molecular targets were tested to identify the presence of the bacillus. A relationship was established between the identification of M. leprae DNA and factors related to the index case, housing characteristics, living conditions, epidemiology and anti-PGL-1 serology. None of the studies identified evaluated the molecular viability of M. leprae among contacts. The detection of M. leprae DNA alone does not necessarily predict the development of infection or clinical illness among contacts.
Prediction of Urban Air Mobility and Drone Accident Rates and the Role of Urban Management Systems
Authors: Baek Han Yeol , Kim Jung Hoon
Published: January 2025

Urban air mobility (UAM) and drones can significantly improve traffic movement in saturated cities because the skies above them are not frequently used; furthermore, they do not require large-scale infrastructure, like roads and subways do. Thus, UAM vehicles and drones present themselves as new means of transportation in cities. They can be rapidly deployed if their operational safety is secured. However, to date, no precise numerical study has been conducted on the safety of UAM vehicles and drones. In this study, the accident rates of UAM vehicles and drones are predicted based on the accident rates of conventional aircraft. Additionally, control measures for UAM vehicles and drones are presented at a basic level. The results can be summarized as follows: First, in terms of accident rates, for a projected total UAM vehicle flight distance of 650 km and 177,147 h of flight in Seoul in 2035, 0.000221 crashes, 0.45 takeoff/landing accidents, and 0.0011446 deaths are expected. Second, if drones handle 0.5% of the logistics in Seoul in 2035, 38.35 crashes and 7.51 takeoff/landing accidents are projected per year. However, these numbers are plausible only if the infrastructure required for UAM vehicle and drone flights, such as taxiways and flight paths, is built similarly to that for large aircraft. Additionally, UAM vehicles and drones, as with large aircraft, can cause serious damage to facilities and human lives on the ground in the event of a crash. Therefore, thorough response mechanisms for crashes are required even if the crash probability is extremely low. Finally, integration with smart city systems is suggested to monitor UAM vehicle and drone flights and the safety of urban residents. The transportation services of smart cities include emergency dispatch and disaster notification services, which help in immediately notifying the degree of risk to potentially affected urban residents and facilities in the event of a UAM vehicle/drone crash or an emergency. The transportation services of smart cities are also typically equipped with accident handling processes. Therefore, integrating UAM and drone systems into smart city systems is highly recommended.
Emergence of a Novel Dengue Virus Serotype-2 Genotype IV Lineage III Strain and Displacement of Dengue Virus Serotype-1 in Central India (2019–2023)
Authors: Yadav Ashish Kumar , Chowdhary Rashmi , Siddiqui Arshi , Malhotra Anvita Gupta , Kanwar Jagat R. , Kumar Ashok , Biswas Debasis , Khadanga Sagar , Joshi Rajnish , Pakhare Abhijit , Goel Sudhir Kumar
Published: January 2025

Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in tropical regions, including Central India, where outbreaks are frequent and associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the dynamics of dengue virus transmission and evolution in Central India from 2019 to 2023, focusing on the emergence of new strains and their impact on outbreak patterns. For this, 40 mosquito pools and 300 patient samples were recruited for the study. Phylogenetic and Bayesian evolutionary analyses performed on CPrM region and whole genome sequences generated by Sanger and Illumina sequencing, respectively, revealed the emergence and predominance of a novel DENV-2 genotype IV lineage III strain in the 2019 and 2023 outbreaks, which displaced the previously circulating DENV-1 genotype responsible for the 2016–2017 outbreak. Despite pre-existing DENV-1 neutralizing antibodies in the community (67 healthy volunteers), the novel DENV-2 strain exhibited higher viral loads and a greater reproduction number (R0), contributing to rapid disease spread. Molecular clock and Shannon entropy analyses suggest that DENV evolution occurred within the mosquito vector, driven by natural selection. Our findings highlight the importance of continuous DENV surveillance, including genetic characterization in both vectors and hosts, to understand viral evolution and predict future outbreaks. Rapid urbanization and inadequate sanitation in densely populated regions like India create ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, facilitating the introduction and establishment of novel DENV strains. Interrupting the vector–DENV–host cycle through targeted interventions is crucial for effective dengue control.
Chronic Systemic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Without Respiratory Involvement in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Tejerina Francisco , Peñas-Utrilla Daniel , Herranz Marta , Catalán Pilar , Marín Mercedes , Mesones Lara , García-Domínguez José Manuel , Merino Beatriz , Pérez Leire , Fanciulli Chiara , Muñoz Patricia , Rodríguez-Gonzalez Carmen , Diez Cristina , Aldámiz Teresa , Molero-Salinas Andrea , Pérez-Lago Laura , García de Viedma Darío
Published: January 2025

In a patient on immunosuppressant treatment, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was documented in different extra-respiratory samples over several months in the absence of positive determinations in upper respiratory samples. Whole-genome sequencing of these samples showed the acquisition of different single-nucleotide polymorphisms over time, suggesting viral evolution and thus viral viability.
Characterization of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Long Non-Coding RNA1.2 During Lytic Replication
Authors: Manska Salomé , Hagemann Andrew , Magana Janna , Rossetto Cyprian C. , Verma Subhash C.
Published: January 2025

During lytic replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the most abundant viral transcripts are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Viral lncRNAs can have a variety of functions, some of which are necessary for viral production and the modulation of host processes during infection. HCMV produces four lncRNAs, Beta2.7 (RNA2.7), RNA4.9, RNA5.0 and RNA1.2. While there has been research on these viral lncRNAs, many of their functions remain uncharacterized. To determine the function of RNA1.2, we explored its requirement during lytic infection by generating viral mutants containing either a full or partial deletion of the RNA1.2 locus. Within permissive fibroblasts, the RNA1.2 deletion mutants showed no defects in viral DNA synthesis, transcript expression, protein production, or generation of viral progeny. Further investigation to identify potential cellular and viral protein binding partners of RNA1.2 was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). A significant number of cellular proteins were identified and associated with RNA1.2. Specifically those associated with the innate immune response, mitochondrial processes, and cell cycle regulation. While RNA1.2 is dispensable for lytic replication, these findings suggest it may play a pivotal role in modulating the host response.
The Nucleoside Analog GS-441524 Effectively Attenuates the In Vitro Replication of Multiple Lineages of Circulating Canine Distemper Viruses Isolated from Wild North American Carnivores
Authors: Oliver-Guimera Arturo , Murphy Brian G. , Keel M. Kevin
Published: January 2025

Canine distemper is a severe and lethal viral disease of dogs and wild carnivores with an urgent need for the identification of effective antiviral agents against canine distemper virus (CDV). We assessed multiple agents for their ability to block the replication of three different lineages of CDV isolated from wild carnivores in the United States. Six antiviral compounds were selected after preliminary experiments that excluded ribavirin, hesperidin and rutin: a protease inhibitor (nirmatrelvir), a polymerase inhibitor (favipiravir) and four nucleoside analogs (remdesivir, GS-441524, EIDD2801 and EIDD1931). Antiviral efficacy was determined by the attenuation of the cytopathic effect in a CDV-susceptible cell line and the inhibition of viral RNA replication. The nucleoside analog GS-441524 effectively blocked the replication of CDV at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Four other antiviral agents inhibited CDV replication to a lesser degree (remdesivir, nirmatrelvir, EIDD2801 and EIDD1931). The replication of different viral lineages was differentially inhibited by the antivirals. Several of the nucleoside analogs have been safely used previously in carnivore species for the treatment of other viral diseases, suggesting that they may be promising candidates for the treatment of canine distemper in dogs. Our results emphasize the need to consider different viral lineages in the screening of antiviral compounds.
Impact of Viral Co-Detection on the Within-Host Viral Diversity of Influenza Patients
Authors: Han Su Myat , Kubo Yoshiano , Robert Alexis , Baguelin Marc , Ariyoshi Koya
Published: January 2025

Numerous studies have documented the evidence of virus–virus interactions at the population, host, and cellular levels. However, the impact of these interactions on the within-host diversity of influenza viral populations remains unexplored. Our study identified 13 respiratory viral pathogens from the nasopharyngeal swab samples (NPSs) of influenza-like-illness (ILI) patients during the 2012/13 influenza season using multiplex RT-PCR. Subsequent next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza A infections revealed all samples as subtype A/H3N2. Out of the 2305 samples tested, 538 (23.3%) were positive for the influenza A virus (IAV), while rhinovirus (RV) and adenoviruses (Adv) were detected in 264 (11.5%) and 44 (1.9%) samples, respectively. Among these, the co-detection of more than one virus was observed in ninety-six samples, and five samples showed co-detections involving more than two viruses. The most frequent viral co-detection was IAV–RV, identified in 48 out of the 96 co-detection cases. Of the total samples, 150 were processed for whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and 132 met the criteria for intra-host single-nucleotide variant (iSNV) calling. Across the genome, 397 unique iSNVs were identified, with most samples containing fewer than five iSNVs at frequencies below 10%. Seven samples had no detectable iSNVs. Notably, the majority of iSNVs (86%) were unique and rarely shared across samples. We conducted a negative binomial regression analysis to examine factors associated with the number of iSNVs detected within hosts. Two age groups—elderly individuals (>64 years old) and school-aged children (6–18 years old)—were significantly associated with higher iSNV counts, with incidence rate ratios (IRR) of 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–3.06) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.01–1.90), respectively. Our findings suggest a minor or negligible contribution of these viral co-detections to the evolution of influenza viruses. However, the data available in this study may not be exhaustive, warranting further, more in-depth investigations to conclusively determine the impact of virus–virus interactions on influenza virus genetic diversity.
The Therapeutic Efficacy and Molecular Mechanisms of Artemisia argyi Essential Oil in Treating Feline Herpesvirus Infection via Nasal Drops
Authors: Wan Tian , Li Jinze , Liu Jiayi , Chen Yingxin , Guo Yihao , Deng Xianjie , Li Xingyao , Bi Jiachen , Hu Chongchong , Chang Jianyu , Fan Kai
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of Artemisia argyi essential oil (AAEO) in managing feline herpesvirus type 1 (FeHV-1) infections. FeHV-1, the causative agent of feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR), leads to severe respiratory and systemic complications in cats. In this study, 35 cats were divided into blank, FeHV-1 infection, and AAEO treatment groups (high, medium, and low doses). In vivo experiments demonstrated that AAEO alleviated clinical symptoms, reduced tissue damage, and modulated immune responses. The AAEO-treated groups showed higher survival rates, stabilized body temperatures, and less severe weight loss compared to the FeHV-1 group. Histopathological analysis revealed improved integrity in nasal, tracheal, and bronchial tissues. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified critical pathways, such as IL-17 signaling, influenced by AAEO treatment, highlighting its role in suppressing inflammation and protecting tissue integrity. In vitro assays revealed that AAEO has concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in feline kidney cells (F81) and provides protective effects when used as a pre-treatment. These findings suggest that AAEO enhances host immune defenses and mitigates FeHV-1-induced damage through immune modulation and tissue protection.
Breed-Specific Clinical Features, Diagnostic Findings, and Outcome of Presumptive Meningoencephalomyelitis of Unknown Origin in 27 French Bulldogs
Authors: Burbaite Evelina , Fiorentino Erica , Galli Greta , Gallucci Antonella , Tirrito Federica , Gandini Gualtiero , Okonji Samuel , Menchetti Marika
Published: January 2025

Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an inflammatory central nervous system disease affecting the meninges, brain, and spinal cord. Interest in this condition has been growing rapidly over the last decade, but information on the pathophysiology and evolution of the disease is still lacking. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, and survival time in affected French Bulldogs (FBs). A total of 27 client-owned FBs met the inclusion criteria. The highest percentage of animals were affected by acute blindness and cervical pain, representing 25.9% (n = 7) each. Via MRI, 44.4% of FBs showed signs of perilesional parenchymal brain edema. Midline shift was observed in 11.1% of dogs, and 7.4% displayed foramen magnum cerebellar herniation. The cerebrospinal fluid examination was considered normal in 34.8% of dogs. Five (18.5%) dogs died during the treatment. Close to two-thirds (63.0%) were still alive during the study data collection (median survival time, 775 days), displaying an overall good survival time. The presence of epileptic seizures, midline shift, and relapse of clinical signs were factors associated with higher mortality rate (p < 0.05) and might be prognostic factors for worse survival in French Bulldogs with MUO.
The Decreased Incidence of Raphidiopsis raciborskii Bloom in a Temperate Floodplain Lake in the Middle Danube Affected by Extreme Hydrological Events
Authors: Stević Filip , Mihaljević Melita , Špoljarić Maronić Dubravka , Žuna Pfeiffer Tanja , Zahirović Vanda
Published: January 2025

Extreme hydrological events have become more frequent in the Danube River Basin in recent decades. In this research, we focus on the consequences of such events on the dynamic of invasive cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska) Aguilera et al. (formerly known as Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska) Seenayya et Subba Raju). In the Danube floodplain lake used as a case study, the investigated period from 2003 to 2016 was characterized by the cyclical occurrence of extreme floods (2006 and 2013) and extreme droughts (2003 and 2015). As a result, the lake changed several times from a phytoplankton turbid state to a clear state characterized by a very low phytoplankton biomass. R. raciborskii was abundant in the phytoplankton and bloomed in summer 2003 (June–September) and then in summer 2007 (June–August) and in August 2013. Extreme summer drought triggered the bloom, and water temperature was the most significant environmental variable during the bloom. The observed declining trend in total cyanobacterial biomass, including the less frequent occurrence of the R. raciborskii bloom, can be linked to the ecological disturbances in the stable state of the lake caused by extreme hydrological events. This suggests that the effects of climate change may be less detrimental in preserved natural river–floodplain systems.
Prediction of the Height of Water-Conducting Fissure Zone for Shallow-Buried Coal Seams Under Fully Mechanized Caving Conditions in Northern Shaanxi Province
Authors: Chen Wei , Geng Shujia , Chen Xi , Li Tao , Tsangaratos Paraskevas , Ilia Ioanna
Published: January 2025

Accurate prediction of the height of water-conducting fissure zone (HWCFZ) is an important issue in coal water control and a prerequisite for ensuring the safe production of coal mines. At present, the prediction model of HWCFZ has some issues such as poor prediction accuracy. Based on the widely collected measured data of the HWCFZ in different coal mines in northern Shaanxi Province, China, the HWCFZ in shallow-buried coal seams is categorized into two types, i.e., typical shallow-buried coal seams and near-shallow-buried seams, according to the different depths of burial and base-loading ratios. On the basis of summarizing the research results of the previous researchers, three factors, namely, mining thickness, coal seam depth, and working length, were selected, and the data of the height of the water-conducting fissure zone in the study area were analyzed by using a multivariate nonlinear regression method. Subsequently, each group of the data was randomly divided into training data and validation data with a ratio of 70:30. Then, the training data were used to build a neural network model (BP), random forest model (RF), a hybrid integration of particle swarm optimization and the support vector machine model (PSO-SVR), and a hybrid integration of genetic algorithm optimization and the support vector machine model (GA-SVR). Finally, the test samples were used to test the model accuracy and evaluate the generalization ability. Accordingly, the optimal prediction model for the typical shallow-buried area and near-shallow-buried area of Jurassic coal seams in northern Shaanxi was established. The results show that the HWCFZ for the typical shallow-buried coal seam is suitable to be determined by the multivariate nonlinear regression method, with an accuracy of 0.64; the HWCFZ for near-shallow-buried coal seams is suitable to be predicted by the two-factor PSO-SVR computational model of mining thickness and the burial depth, with a prediction accuracy of 0.84; and machine learning methods are more suitable for near-shallow-buried areas, dealing with small-scale data and discrete data.
Impact of Future Climate Change on Groundwater Storage in China’s Large Granary: A Study Based on LSTM and CMIP6 Models
Authors: Wang Haiqing , Qi Peng , Xu Moran , Wu Yao , Zhang Guangxin
Published: January 2025

Northeast China, as a primary grain-producing region, has long drawn attention for its intensive groundwater extraction for irrigation. However, previous studies on the future spatiotemporal changes of groundwater storage (GWS) are lacking. Utilizing the Global Land Data Assimilation System Version 2.2 (GLDAS-2.2), which simulates groundwater storage (as Equivalent Water Height) using the Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM-F2.5) and calibrates it with terrestrial water storage data from the GRACE satellite, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of GWS in northeast China and employed a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model to quantify the responses of GWS to future climate change. Maintaining current socio–economic factors and combining climate factors from four scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585) under the CMIP6 model, we predicted GWS from 2022 to 2100. The results indicate that historically, groundwater storage exhibits a decreasing trend in the south and an increasing trend in the north, with a 44° N latitude boundary. Under the four scenarios, the predicted GWS increments in northeast China are 0.08 ± 0.09 mm/yr in SSP126, 0.11 ± 0.08 mm/yr in SSP245, 0.12 ± 0.09 mm/yr in SSP370, and 0.20 ± 0.07 mm/yr in SSP585. Although overall groundwater storage has slightly increased and the model projections indicate a continued increase, the southern part of the region may not return to past levels and faces water stress risks. This study provides an important reference for the development of sustainable groundwater management strategies.
Spatiotemporal Variability and Change in Snowfall in Hokkaido: Effects of Rising Air and Sea Surface Temperatures and Sea Ice
Authors: Higashino Makoto
Published: January 2025

The impacts of climate change on snowfall have received great interest in cold regions for water resource and flood risk management. This study investigated the effects of rises in air and sea surface temperatures and sea ice on snowfall in Hokkaido, northern Japan, over the period from 1961 to 2020 (60 years). Climate data observed at the 22 weather stations operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) were analyzed. Statistics describing the effects of climate change on snowfall were computed. The trend in these quantities was obtained using Sen’s slope estimator, and their statistical significance was evaluated by the Mann–Kendall test. The warming trends obtained at these stations were all positive and statistically significant. Annual snowfall increased at seven stations but decreased at two stations. The snowfall period decreased mainly on the southern coast. This is attributed to the fact that these sites are on the leeward side of the Eurasian monsoon, and that air temperatures on the coast and the surface temperature of the sea off Kushiro have risen sufficiently. The results suggest that the flood risk may increase in response to the acceleration of the increase in the level of a river due to early melting snow in spring (March and April). Although the weather stations on the east coast are also on the leeward side, the snowfall period has not shortened. The warming trends in April are very weak on the east coast. The correlation between the air temperature in March and April and the period of sea ice accumulation suggests that melting sea ice in spring plays an important role in preventing the winter period from shortening. Decrease in sea ice due to a rise in both air and sea surface temperatures may increase flood risk in early spring, and thus, some measures may need to be taken in the future.
Strategies for a Sustainable Economy: Optimizing Processes for BOD, COD and TSS Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Gaspar Eniko , Irimia Oana , Stanciu Mirela , Barsan Narcis , Mosnegutu Emilian
Published: January 2025

In the current global context of the natural resource crisis and the need for environmental protection, sustainable economy strategies are becoming imperative. These strategies aim to optimize wastewater treatment processes, with a particular focus on the removal of biological and chemical quality indicators such as BOD, COD and TSS. By developing and implementing advanced technologies and effective resource management methods, this article explores ways the industry can reduce its negative environmental impact and contribute to a sustainable future. The proposed research investigates the impact of 40% ferric chloride on the purification processes of domestic wastewater using biological contactors. The study evaluates the efficiency of pollutant removal through measurements such as biochemical oxygen demand over 5 days (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS). Through the statistical analysis of the obtained results, the research identifies opportunities for innovative strategies in the sustainable economy, thus contributing to the optimization of purification process efficiency and significantly reducing pollution’s impact on the environment. In conclusion, this research highlights the use of 40% ferric chloride as an effective and sustainable method to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes, focusing on BOD, COD and TSS removal. The findings demonstrate significant pollutant reduction and environmental impact mitigation, underlining its potential for Sustainable Development Goals. The study supports innovative strategies for optimizing water quality and recommends further evaluation of long-term impacts on human and environmental health.
Investigating the conditions in which women GPs thrive: a realist review protocol
Authors: Abrams Ruth , Jefferson Laura , Golder Su , Whiley Lilith , Park Sophie , Williams Vickie , Riley Ruth
Published: January 2025

Background

Women now make up approximately half of the GP workforce. However, many are leaving the profession. This could be because they experience higher rates of burnout, stress and anxiety, suicide, and lower rates of career progression. They also take on a greater load of emotional labour. Retaining this staff group is one of five priorities for future policy and research.

Aim

This research aims to synthesise the available evidence on how general practice workplaces can best support women GPs to thrive at work.

Design & setting

We propose to undertake a realist review, which seeks to understand why an approach may work in specific contexts. This involves building an understanding of how contextual factors affect the activation of mechanisms (ie, changes in participant reasoning or behaviours) to produce their outcomes.

Method

We will locate available evidence on the topic, and, using a realist logic of analysis develop an understanding as to how, why, for whom and in what contexts women GPs thrive at work. Evidence will include: academic literature, policy documents, media items and guidelines.

Results

Findings will be co-disseminated with PPI and stakeholder members to all key groups including policymakers, employers, the public, and academic audiences by a wide variety of means.

Conclusion

This review is intended to improve understanding of how working environments affect women GPs. It is anticipated that findings will support the implementation of strategies to better support this group to thrive at work.
Fraud Control Plan System: The Role Investigation Division In Fraud Prevention
Authors: Setiawan Desy Amaliati , Mais Rimi Gusliana , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy , Sari Hastuti Indra
Published: January 2025

The Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP) has an important and vital role in preventing corruption and fraud to create good governance that can be implemented in all government agencies.  BPKP has made integrated efforts to prevent fraud and corruption, but in its implementation, there are still obstacles so that the achievement is considered less than optimal. This study aims to see the role of the Investigation Division of BPKP in preventing fraud by using the Fraud Control Plan (FCP) which consists of 10 attributes, namely: anti-fraud policy, anti-fraud structure, standards of behavior and discipline, fraud risk assessment, human resource management, third party management, whistleblowing system, proactive detection, investigation, and corrective action by conducting socialization of the use of FCP, diagnostic assessment, technical guidance, and evaluation. This study is a type of qualitative research, with data collection: interviews, observations, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with 3 key informants of BPKP Jakarta employees who work in the Investigation Division. The results of this study indicate that the Investigation Division has intensified fraud prevention by using the FCP. However, there are still agencies that are less concerned about this. The BPKP Investigation Division, by using the Fraud Control Plan, hopes to provide a major role and impact on fraud prevention, by mitigating, and facilitating the disclosure of fraudulent actions and it is recommended that every agency use and implement it to create an anti-fraud environment.
Evolução Funcional na fisioterapia de acordo com a CIF
Authors: Melim Diogo Pereria Carolina , Ozu Márcia Harumi Uema , Nishida Márjory Harumi , Gomes Juliana Leme , Lopes Uleida de Brito Lima , Narumia Lisa Carla
Published: January 2025

Introdução. A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) propõe a descrição de componentes de saúde, trazendo aspectos da funcionalidade e incapacidade como elementos centrais na reabilitação. Devido a sua abrangência e complexidade, este instrumento tem gerado desafios para os profissionais de saúde, em especial, para serviços voltados às pessoas com deficiência (PcD). A atenção às PcD requer um cuidado integral e ações consonantes entre as políticas públicas e serviços de saúde. Desafiando essas perspectivas, a CIF é utilizada como ferramenta diária   dos   profissionais   na   Associação   de    Assistência   à Criança com Deficiência (AACD). Objetivo. Identificar o perfil funcional dos indivíduos atendidos nos três setores da fisioterapia em um centro de reabilitação física com base na CIF. Método. Estudo observacional descritivo e analítico realizado nos setores da fisioterapia infantil, adulto e aquática por meio da análise das planilhas de evolução setorial da população pediátrica e adulta atendida em 2021. Resultados. Analisadas 3.124 relatórios evoluções trimestral de 1.900 pacientes. As principais condições de saúde atendidas foram paralisia cerebral, lesões encefálicas adquiridas e amputação. A taxa de evolução funcional setorial foi de 80% com mudanças nos qualificadores. Houve prevalência nas escolhas dos objetivos relacionados com os domínios de atividade e participação nos três setores. Conclusão. A implementação desta ferramenta em centros de reabilitação auxilia na promoção de saúde e definição do plano terapêutico adequado. A evolução funcional dos PcD na instituição pode sugerir eficácia na promoção de uma linha de cuidados resolutiva frente às necessidades desta população.
The Preaching of the Manuals: Kana hōgo and the Popular Perception of Zen Doctrines in Early Edo Japan
Authors: Davin Didier
Published: January 2025

Although Zen was introduced into Japan from the thirteenth century onward, it did not really begin to spread throughout Japanese society until the Edo period (1603–1868). This diffusion mainly took two paths: the direct teaching of a master for a small elite, and, to a much greater extent, the production of texts expounding the doctrines of Zen in vernacular language, the so-called kana hōgo (“talks on the Law in Vernacular Japanese”). If most of these texts consisted of relatively understandable expositions of the main doctrinal principles of Zen, some were more than mere introductions. A careful examination reveals the presence of certain conceptions, some of which are characteristic of Japanese Zen. This article points out specific doctrinal positions that lay behind encouraging the practice of Zen by relying on kōan, or making Zen the path that leads to enlightenment for the whole population. Furthermore, through the example of the kana hōgo attributed to Ikkyū Sōjun, it shows that in some cases these texts were far from being limited to introductory works, but could also contain doctrinal points or indications of practice at a very high level.
The History of Japanese Christianity under the Microscope: A Study of the Second Stage of Repression in the Shimabara Domain (1625–30)
Authors: Nogueira Ramos Martin
Published: January 2025

In the Shimabara domain, evangelization was successful in the sixteenth century after the conversion of its feudal lord (daimyo), Arima Harunobu (1561?–1612), in 1580. However, from 1612 to 1615, the first arrests and executions led by Harunobu’s successor Arima Naozumi (1586–1641) and the authorities of Nagasaki shook the Christian community. After ten years of (relative) respite, Matsukura Shigemasa (1574–1630)—daimyo of the domain since 1616—launched another wave of repression, which aimed at undermining the religious organization of the villages by cutting their links with the clergy and subduing local lay figures. From 1625 to 1630, more than seventy devotees lost their lives, and virtually the entire population of Shimabara formally denied Christianity.   These five years are well documented by missionary sources and local Japanese chronicles. Previous research has generally neglected these documents or tackled them separately. This paper argues that their comparative examination enables us to study, from a micro perspective, the logic of repression, the balance of power in the villages, the ambivalent attitude of the Christians toward secrecy, and the apostolate of the remnant missionaries. In other words, these testimonies allow us to reassess the experience of the Christian communities under the ban from multiple points of view, a few years before the revolt of Shimabara-Amakusa (1637–38).
IMPLEMENTASI CORE VALUE 'GANESHA CEPAT' UNTUK PENINGKATAN KINERJA DOSEN DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN
Authors: Ramadani Pardian  , Ahmad Fadli  , Zubair Arza  , Nurhayati  , Nurmayani Istiningsih
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the understanding and implementation of the core value "Ganesha CEPAT" at STIE Ganesha, as well as the challenges faced in its application. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this research involved 15 participants comprising lecturers from three study programs (Master's in Management, Bachelor's in Management, and Bachelor's in Accounting) and administrative staff from the administration, student services, and finance departments. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and institutional document analysis. The findings indicate that the majority of participants understand the importance of core values in building a positive work culture, although challenges such as variations in understanding and inconsistencies in implementation were identified. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns in the data, while triangulation ensured the validity and reliability of the findings. This study reveals that the implementation of the core value "Ganesha CEPAT" can enhance the performance of lecturers and administrative staff if supported by consistent socialization programs and adequate managerial support. The implications emphasize the importance of developing a value-based work culture in higher education institutions to improve effectiveness and sustainability.
ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКА ТВОРІВ ГРИГОРІЯ СКОВОРОДИ (ЛІТЕРАТУРА, МОВА, ФІЛОСОФІЯ) НА СТОРІНКАХ «ЗАПИСОК НТШ» (1990–2024)
Authors: Федорак Назар Любомирович
Published: January 2025

Стаття є спробою узагальнити новітній дослідницький досвід творчости Григорія Сковороди на сторінках «Записок НТШ» сучасного періоду розвитку видання. Потребу такого узагальнення – для з’ясування перспективних векторів сковородознавчих досліджень (насамперед у межах літературознавчої медієвістики) – значною мірою актуалізував нещодавній 300-літній ювілей українського письменника-мислителя. Розгляд низки публікацій (зокрема, Ю. Шевельова, А. Пашука та Б. Криси) виявив виразні герменевтичні тенденції вивчення нашого середньовічного (включно з ранньомодерним і бароковим) письменства, які – в поєднанні з іншими аналітичними методологіями – превалюють і є особливо продуктивними в сучасній українській медієвістиці.
ПІДЗАКОННА ПРАВОТВОРЧІСТЬ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НАСЕЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Нечитайленко А. О. , Нечитайленко В. А.
Published: January 2025

У статті на основі відповідних положень теоретико-правової науки, законодавчих та підзаконних нормативно-правових актів і сучасної практики їх реалізації, а також наукових публікацій виявлено деякі проблеми правового регулювання діяльності органів, що забезпечують життєдіяльність населення в умовах воєнного стану, та ліквідують наслідки ворожих дій на території України. Визначено також роль у цьому працівників підприємств та організацій критичної інфраструктури. Висловлено пропозиції щодо удосконалення законодавства про їх взаємодію.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ ПРАВОЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В СФЕРІ ПОДАТКОВОГО КОНТРОЛЮ
Authors: Головань Т. Г. , Ждан М. Д.
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблемних питань правозастосування у сфері податкового контролю в Україні, зокрема податкових перевірок як одного з ключових інструментів забезпечення податкової дисципліни та дотримання податкового законо-давства. В умовах економічної нестабільності та посилення вимог до наповнення бюджету ефективність податкового контролю набуває особливого значення для фінансової стабіль-ності держави. Авторами обґрунтовано, що податкові перевірки є важливим елементом податкового контролю, оскільки вони надають можливість виявляти порушення, забезпе-чувати своєчасність і повноту сплати податків.

Особлива увага приділена дискреційним повноваженням податкових органів, які на практиці можуть призводити до порушень прав платників податків. Використовуючи аналіз судової практики, наголошується на неоднозначності підходів до застосування норм права, що регулюють проведення фактичних податкових перевірок, особливо у випадках, коли підставою є звернення споживачів. Цей аспект актуальний з точки зору захисту прав платників податків, оскільки недосконале тлумачення або дискреційне застосування податкових норм можуть призводити до зайвих фінансових витрат і зниження довіри до податкових органів.

Метою статті є характеристика податкового контролю в України, підстав проведення фактичних податкових перевірок з позиції правозастосування. У статті зазначається, що актуальними залишаються питання правової визначеності та необхідність уніфікації підходів до проведення податкових перевірок, що сприятиме підвищенню прозорості податкової системи та посиленню правового захисту платників податків у контексті євроінтеграції.
СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК МІЖНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ КОНТРОЛЮ ДОТРИМАННЯ ПРАВ ДИТИНИ
Authors: Марченко В. В. , Домбровська А. В.
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджується становлення та розвиток інституційних механізмів контролю дотримання прав дитини в контексті міжнародного права. Аналізується роль міжнародних органів та організацій, що здійснюють контроль за забезпеченням прав дітей. Вивчаються спільні ознаки, які поєднують ці інституції, формуючи єдину систему міжна-родного захисту прав дитини. Основна увага приділяється практичній значимості дослід-ження для юристів, які працюють у сфері захисту прав дітей. У результаті роботи розроб-ляється правовий інструментарій, який може бути використаний у юридичній практиці та освітніх цілях.
ДОПИТ СВІДКІВ ТА ПОТЕРПІЛИХ ОСІБ ВІД ОКРЕМИХ КАТЕГОРІЙ ВОЄННИХ ЗЛОЧИНІВ ТА ЗЛОЧИНІВ АГРЕСІЇ
Authors: Корабель М. Г. , Павленко Т. А.
Published: January 2025

В науковій статті розглянуто питання підготовки, планування та прове-дення допиту потерпілих осіб та свідків воєнних кримінальних правопорушень, що вчиня-ються на території України в результаті повномасштабного вторгненням російської федерації.

Грубе порушення норм міжнародного права, що передбачені в положеннях Женев-ських конвенцій та Римському статуті міжнародного кримінального суду, та національного законодавства України має закінчитися притягненням винних осіб до відповідальності. Наявність доказової бази є запорукою досягнення справедливого правосуддя.

Кримінальний процесуальний кодекс України передбачає певний перелік слідчих (розшукових) дій для встановлення істини по справі. На досудовому розслідуванні значна частина інформації, що є важливою в процесі доказування та перевірки, отримується під час допиту потерпілих та свідків кримінального правопорушення. Кримінальні правопорушення проти статевої свободи та статевої недоторканості, катування, як окрема категорія воєнних злочинів та злочинів агресії, мають певну специфіку через емоційний стан осіб, що мають бути допитані.

На етапі підготовки та планування допиту необхідно зібрати інформацію про особу, що допитуватиметься, це є необхідним для встановлення психологічного контакту. Допит свідків насильницьких кримінальних правопорушень є емоційно складним, адже в більшості випадків особи були свідками знущань щодо їх рідних. Під час допиту свідків найкраще отримати інформацію що передувала злочину та події, що відбувалися після, важливо враховувати особливості професії свідків та їх можливі вади.

Допит, як одна з найважливіших процесуальних дій в розслідуванні кримінальних правопорушень, спрямований на отримання інформації про відомі допитуваній особі факти, що мають значення для встановлення істини по справі.

Інформаційно-психологічний процес спілкування осіб, котрі беруть в допиті участь обов’язково має враховувати наявність певних емоційних особливостей потерпілих та свідків насильницьких кримінальних правопорушень. Наявність фізичних та психологічних травм необхідно враховувати як під час підготовки до допита, так і в процесі його проведення.
КОМПАРАТИВІСТСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИХ ЗАХОДІВ РЕАГУВАННЯ НА ЗЛОЧИНИ, ВЧИНЕНІ У СФЕРІ НЕЗАКОННОГО ВЖИВАННЯ НАРКОТИЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ, ПСИХОТРОПНИХ РЕЧОВИН АБО ЇХ АНАЛОГІВ (СТАТТІ 314–317 КК УКРАЇНИ)
Authors: Каріда М. Ю.
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена порівняльно-правовому аналізу кримінально-правових заходів реагування на злочини, вчинені у сфері незаконного вживання наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин або їх аналогів (статті 314–317 КК України) визначених у КК України та кримінальному законодавстві Республіки Польща, Французької Республіки та Республіки Молдова. Зокрема розглядаються види покарань та можливість застосування альтернативних покаранню інших заходів кримінально-правового реагування (лікування, реабілітація тощо). Виявлено, що у кримінальному законодавстві Республіки Польща таке реагування здійснюється на підставі спеціального закону, а Французькій Республіці та Республіці Молдова, так само як і в кримінальному законодавстві України схожі кримінально-правові заборони закріплені у відповідних заборонних нормах закону про кримінальну відповідальність
ЮРИДИЧНІ ТРУДОВІ ГАРАНТІЇ VS ГАРАНТІЇ ПРАВА НА ПРАЦЮ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЕ РОЗМЕЖУВАННЯ ПОНЯТЬ
Authors: Теліченко А. В.
Published: January 2025

Формування України як високорозвиненої соціальної держави передусім вимагає створення концептуальної моделі та механізмів її функціонування. Соціальна полі-тика держави стала основою для всебічного інноваційного і соціального розвитку, інтеграції до Європейського Союзу, а також платформою для побудови конкурентоспроможної ринкової економіки, орієнтованої на соціальні потреби і здатної забезпечити людський розвиток та гідний рівень життя громадян. Україна прагне розвивати соціальну політику відповідно до міжнародних тенденцій, що сприяє визначенню чітких орієнтирів для євроінтеграції. Викли-ки сьогодення вимагають забезпечення належного рівня захисту фундаментальних правових цінностей.

Реформування трудового законодавства повинно враховувати актуальний стан трудових відносин, виклики сучасності та потреби суспільства. Ефективність правового регулювання трудових відносин значною мірою залежить від доктринальних підходів та чіткості нормативного визначення понятійного апарату. У цьому контексті особливого значення набувають питання ефективності системи юридичних трудових гарантій. Автор акцентує увагу на необхідності створення правових механізмів, які забезпечуватимуть захист трудових прав і запобігатимуть можливому обмеженню наявних трудових стандартів.

Метою статті є характеристика юридичних трудових гарантій, гарантій права на працю та проведення концептуального розмежування понять. Автор підкреслює відсутність єдиного підходу до визначення понять у юридичній науці та наголошує на необхідності створення концепції юридичних гарантій, що враховує соціально-правові аспекти. Забезпечення стабільності трудових правовідносин та недопущення декларативності прав потребує розробки дієвої системи юридичних трудових гарантій. Розробка таких гарантій є ключовим напрямом подальших досліджень, необхідним для розвитку трудового права в Україні та наближення до європейських стандартів захисту трудових прав