bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Lendutan pada Struktur Pelat Lantai Jembatan Tajum Karang Bawang Banyumas
Authors: Nabiilah Putri , Azizi Amris , Wibowo Mukti Agung
Published: January 2025

Jembatan merupakan suatu konstruksi yang memiliki fungsi untuk meneruskan jalan dengan melalui suatu rintangan yang berada lebih rendah dibawahnya untuk menghubungkan wilayah satu dengan yang lainnya. Salah satu elemen pada struktur jembatan adalah pelat lantai yang berfungsi mendukung beban hidup maupun beban mati kemudian di teruskan ke struktur bawah jembatan. Masalah utama yang terdapat pada pelat lantai jembatan adalah lendutan, jika tidak di perhitungkan dengan baik maka lendutan pada sebuah struktur jembatan akan melebihi batas toleransi yang diijinkan. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan keretakan yang melebihi batas izin dan tidak aman bagi pengguna jalan. Jembatan Tajum Karang Bawang Banyumas adalah jembatan yang berlokasi di Jalan Nasional Ajibarang – Wangon, Desa Pancasan Karang Bawang, Kecamatan Ajibarang, Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah yang dibangun pada bulan desember 2022 hingga bulan november 2023. Jembatan ini memiliki panjang 130 m dan lebar 10 m. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis lendutan pada struktur pelat lantai jembatan yang mengacu pada SNI 1725-2016. Analisis menggunakan SAP2000. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lendutan sebesar 20,483 mm lebih kecil dari lendutan izin maksimum yang di perbolehkan sebesar 280 mm. Hasil analisis lendutan tersebut dinyatakan aman.
Studi Literatur : Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran STAD Berbantuan Bahan Ajar Terhadap Kompetensi Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Yarsa Yarsa , Hijrah Selaras Ganda
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions) yang didukung oleh bahan ajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penerapan model pembelajaran STAD yang didukung oleh bahan ajar terhadap kompetensi belajar peserta didik. Studi ini mengkaji 5 penelitian yang meneliti efektivitas model pembelajaran STAD dengan bahan ajar terhadap kompetensi belajar peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan literatur terhadap 5 artikel penelitian. Berdasarkan hasilnya, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran STAD yang didukung oleh bahan ajar memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap kompetensi belajar peserta didik. Model pembelajaran ini dapat menjadi strategi pembelajaran alternatif yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kompetensi belajar peserta didik.
Kata Kunci: Model Kooperatif, STAD, Bahan Ajar, Kompetensi Belajar.
Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Terpadu
Authors: Samsiah Samsiah , Novallyan Devie , Gusriani Nanda
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick terhadap hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Terpadu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui apakah model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan quasi experimental design yang bentuknya posttest-only control design, non equivalent control group design. Sampel yang digunakan diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data yaitu melaksanakan observasi diperkuat dengan wawancara serta tes hasil belajar siswa menggunakan pilihan ganda. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji t menunjukkan hasil belajar siswa yaitu nilai to ≥ tt = 2,001 < 3,25 > 2,663 dan besarnya pengaruh signifikan dihitung dengan menggunakan perhitungan effect size yaitu 0,85 dengan persentase 79% yang menunjukkan kriteria cohen’s tinggi. Maka, Ha (hipotesis alternatif) diterima dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Terpadu siswa.
Kata Kunci: Talking Stick, Hasil Belajar
Pengaruh Perubahan Temperatur dan Nutrisi Terhadap Kelimpahan Fitoplankton
Authors: Marcy V. Anggraini  , Ima Nurmalia Permatasari  , Engki A Kisnarti
Published: January 2025

Fitoplankton secara ekologis mempunyai fungsi penting sebagai produsen primer yang sering dijadikan sebagai indikator kesuburan suatu perairan dan secara global merupakan salah satu organisme yang menyumbang hampir 50 % fotosintesis di seluruh dunia.  Selain penting dalam ekosistem global, keberadaan fitoplankton bergantung pada ketersedian nutrien yang cukup. Perubahan temperatur seperti pemanasan iklim global dan curah hujan yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan aliran masuk dan keluar, kenaikan muka air, dan mengubah lapisan campuran yang berakibat pada ketersediaan cahaya dan nutrisi sehingga berdampak pada gugus fungsi dan kelimpahan fitoplankton. Kelimpahan fitoplankton dapat ditentukan dengan beberapa metode seperti metode mikrokosmos, analisis statik dengan ANOVA dan menganalisis dengan menghitung indeks Sedwick-Rafter dan Shannon-Weaver.
Efeitos da Osteotomia de Medialização do Calcâneo e Avanço do Tibial Posterior na Correção do Pé Plano Flexível em Adolescentes
Authors: Barison Marcio Silva , Oliveira Rullya Marson De Melo , Parreira Marcos Gregory Cintra , Prates Rafael Cardoso , Souza Filho Lamartine Barbosa de , Cavallari Gustavo , Figueiredo Márcio Gomes , Ignácio Helencar
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de correção do ângulo de cobertura talonavicular e do ângulo de incongruência talonavicular após osteotomia de medialização do calcâneo e retensionamento medial em 12 pacientes (14 pés).
Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, por meio de prontuários médicos, radiografias ortostáticas em AP e perfil do pé antes do procedimento e seis semanas após o procedimento. Foram incluídos pacientes que tenham realizado o procedimento de Koutsougianis (osteotomia de medialização do calcâneo) associado ao procedimento de capsuloplastia medial e retensionamento do tendão do tibial posterior. Foram excluídos pacientes que tenham realizado o procedimento de Koutosougianis (osteotomia de medialização do calcâneo) associado a qualquer outro procedimento ósseo ou de partes moles em pé plano infantil que não o retensionamento do tendão tibial posterior e capsolopastia medial.
Resultados: O ângulo de cobertura talonavicular antes do procedimento cirúrgico variou de 15,49º a 31º, com média de 26,2º, e, após 6 semanas, apresentou-se com o ângulo de cobertura talonavicular variando entre 0,65º a 10,69º, com média de 5,56º, Nessa avaliação os valores de p foram de <0.0001 considerados extremamente significativos. O ângulo de incongruência talonavicular antes do procedimento cirúrgico variou de 35° a 87°, com média de 64°, o ângulo de incongruência talonavicular após o procedimento variou de 0,5° a 19,8°, com a média de 8,65°. Nessa avaliação os valores de p foram de <0.0001 considerados extremamente significativos.
Conclusão: Há boa capacidade de correção dos ângulos de cobertura talonavicular e do ângulo de incongruência talonavicular após a osteotomia de medialização do calcâneo, associado a capsuloplastia medial e retensionamento do tendão tibial posterior.
Pilon Fractures: Update on treatment
Authors: Mombello Franco , Vera German , Rammelt Stefan
Published: February 2025

Tibial pilon fractures (plafond) are severe injuries resulting from predominately axial impaction. They are typically accompanied by severe damage to the vulnerable soft tissue envelope and the articular damage, making these fractures prone to complications. Treatment is individualized to the three-dimensional pathoanatomy, soft tissue damage, functional demands, compliance, and comorbidities of the affected patient. Most pilon fractures will benefit from stage management, which consists of primary closed reduction via ligamento taxis, external fixation, and secondary internal fixation after soft tissue consolidation. In the hands of an experienced team with all resources available, primary definite internal fixation seems to be associated with similar results and complication rates but faster rehabilitation. Primary fixation of the fibula is rarely helpful, and definite fixation is not necessary in every case. The choice of approaches is guided by the individual fracture pattern, which ensures minimal soft tissue and periosteal dissection. Minimally invasive techniques should be employed whenever feasible. The goals of pilon fracture treatment are anatomic reconstruction of the joint surface and stable axial realignment towards the tibial shaft, bridging any metaphyseal comminution with the least possible amount of soft tissue and periosteal stripping. The choice of implants, particularly the number of plates, should be balanced between absolute stability on one side and preservation of the blood supply to the bone and soft tissues and the chance of callus formation for faster bone healing on the other. Level of evidence V; Experience-Based Expert Opinion.
“Yo tengo que habitar en tu mente”
Authors: Reyes-Criado José Luis
Published: February 2025

Desde los años 90, los Festivales de Artes Digitales (DAF) son uno de los formatos culturales más en auge dedicados al debate y la práctica artística en torno a la intersección ciencia-arte-tecnología, la música electrónica y las estéticas emergentes en las artes. A pesar de que los DAFs constituyen una plataforma vital para el diálogo interdisciplinar entre artistas, creativos, profesionales, académicos y público en general, se han analizado mínimamente. A partir de una metodología cualitativa y un trabajo de campo multisituado, desarrollado entre enero de 2021 y noviembre de 2022, basado en entrevistas semi-estructuradas, observación participante y documentación estructurada, expando la noción de festivalscape, integrando las prácticas en materia de comunicación y marketing digital que dichos festivales llevan a cabo. A través de tres casos de estudio ––los festivales españoles LEV, MIRA y MMMAD––, expongo cómo comunican estos festivales, analizando de qué manera dichas prácticas determinan la configuración de identidad y autenticidad y cómo afectan a los ritmos de trabajo y a las carreras de los profesionales y creativos del sector.
café, motivo de la transformación territorial y arquitectónica alemana de la Alta Verapaz q’eqchi’
Authors: Bardón de Tena Andrea
Published: February 2025

Este artículo explora el impacto que tuvo la industria cafetalera, desarrollada principalmente por los alemanes, sobre el territorio de Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, y las comunidades indígenas maya-q’eqchi’. Alta Verapaz recibió cientos de alemanes entre 1865 y 1941. La integración de la sociedad, la economía y la cultura alemana se tradujo en la adquisición y transformación de un gran porcentaje de Alta Verapaz como fincas cafetaleras, la reconfiguración del territorio, la construcción de nuevos medios y vías de transporte y la incorporación de nuevas tipologías arquitectónicas, espacios públicos, objetos y costumbres. Este artículo explica la concatenación de repercusiones arquitectónicas y espaciales que tuvo la llegada del café en el hábitat local q’eqchi’, su territorio, arquitectura y modo de vida.
Devorar o alimentar
Authors: Lorite Nueno Jorge
Published: February 2025

Este texto ofrece una puesta en situación que permite visionar el futuro desarrollo de una filosofía de la cocina, tratando los significados ya asociados a la cocina y la comida, el contexto social y culinario actual y la perspectiva ética susceptible de ser adoptada. Para ello, el texto inicia con una distinción entre filosofías de la cocina y la comida, distinguiéndose del discurso estético-artístico más extendido en torno a la comida. El análisis de algunas metáforas alimentarias da cuenta del paradigma de consumo actual, y su diagnóstico sitúa la cocina como un lugar privilegiado desde el que proponer un cambio en nuestra relación con el mundo, delimitado a partir de la Estética Cotidiana. El texto abre la puerta a un estudio de la acción culinaria que, partiendo de su carácter de necesidad material, podría ser una guía hacia una vida más enriquecedora y, al mismo tiempo, suponer el germen de una ética capaz de hacer frente al paradigma consumista explorando el camino entre el devorar y el dar de comer.
Gastrosophía
Authors: Weikert García Lilian , Gastalver López-Pazo Jaime , Sánchez García Inmaculada , Plasita La
Published: February 2025

Gastrosofía es una filosofía “consciente” de la alimentación, una teoría de los cuidados desde la perspectiva de la alimentación. Gastrosofía es una mirada holística que abarca desde los paisajes hasta la mesa, desde los manejos agropecuarios hasta el evitar el desperdicio alimentario, desde las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores del campo hasta la celebración de las fiestas colectivas de los pueblos con población migrante. Todo está atravesado por la comida, por lo que podemos decir que, a través de la alimentación, pensamos de un modo generalista el territorio. Comer es un acto fisiológico, pero también es político, cultural, social. Gastrosofía es saber y sabor.
Значимые достижения экспериментальной фармакологии и неврологии, которые не увенчались успехом в клинике, и не только (обзор)
Authors: Мирзоян Рубен Симонович
Published: January 2025

Несмотря на значимые экспериментальные достижения по изучению глутаматной нейротоксичности и окислительного стресса, при лечении ишемического инсульта не получили применения ни антагонисты глутаматных рецепторов, ни антиоксиданты. Потому что антагонисты глутаматных рецепторов блокируют не только глутаматную нейротоксичность, но и возбуждающие процессы, что приводит к дезорганизации функции ЦНС. А что касается окислительного стресса, то высокая эффективность при ишемическом инсульте артериальной реканализации доказала необходимость восстановления мозгового кровообращения. Это привело к трансформации негативного значения термина реперфузия, в положительное — реперфузионная терапия. Несравнимая эффективность устранения первопричины ишемического инсульта реканализацией восстановила значимость фармакологического воздействия на кровоснабжение головного мозга. В связи с этим, в статье рассматриваются некоторые патофизиологические аспекты развития сосудистой патологии мозга, в частности, нейроваскулярная единица и триада Вирхова, а также механизмы действия известных цереброваскулярных препаратов (нимодипина, пикамилона и мексидола). Обсуждается также новое соединение — эфир янтарной кислоты 5-гидроксиадамантан-2-она, которое обладает уникальным сочетанием цереброваскулярных и антиаритмических свойств. Особое внимание уделяется наиболее приближенным к клиническим условиям моделям цереброваскулярных расстройств, в частности, к сочетанным сосудистым поражениям мозга и сердца. Обсуждается ключевая роль ГАМКА-ергической системы в регуляции мозгового кровообращения и в механизме действия цереброваскулярных препаратов. Детально представлены свойства обнаруженного нами эндогенного нейропротектора — N-арахидоноил-ГАМК. Наконец, совершенно очевидно, что лечение цереброваскулярных заболеваний должно быть направлено на устранение первопричины патологии – дефицита мозгового кровообращения.
Potensi Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Fuli Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt)
Authors: Djamaluddin Rosmiyati R , Putra Pratama Nofran , Nurhasanah Devika
Published: February 2025

Background : The mace is the part that surrounds the nutmeg seeds. Mace and nutmeg seeds are widely used as a spice in food products and in traditional medicine used as a remedy for stomach pain, analgesics, stimulants. Nutmeg mace also contains flavonoids and phenolics that have potential as antioxidants.
Research Objective: Determine the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of nutmeg mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt) in reducing free radicals DPPH
Research Method: Nutmeg macaques are extracted using methanol solvents through a maceration process (1:10), then the extracts obtained are tested, namely organoleptic tests, moisture content tests, phytochemical tests, KLT tests, and antioxidant tests using quercetin comparators with varying concentrations, namely 2 ppm, 4 pmm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, and 10 ppm
Research Results: The results of the organoleptis test showed that the methanol extract of nutmeg mace had a deep black color, a distinctive aroma, and a thick texture. 0.83% for moisture content test results. The results of phytochemical screening showed that nutmeg mace methanol extract was positive for flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The KLT test also showed positive results containing flavonoids. The free radical scavenging activity of DPPH from metanol extract of nutmeg mace showed an IC50 value of 13.781 ppm ±SD 0.247 and a standard IC50 value of 4.181 ppm ±SD 0.247 compared to quercetin. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant difference because the data obtained was 0.074 > 0.05
Conclusion: Methanol extract of nutmeg mace has antioxidant activity in reducing DPPH free radicals and shows an IC50 value of 13.781 ±0,211 ppm which is included in the category of very strong.
Karakterisasi simplisia dan identifikasi senyawa fitokimia ekstrak Pakis Sayur (Diplazium escelentum Swartz)
Authors: Yoga Pratama Virgiawan , Rahayu Putri Dwi , Putri Selmi , Tiara  , Long Yuliana , Mentari Ika Ayu
Published: February 2025

Pulau Kalimantan memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang berlimpah, salah satu keanekaragaman tumbuhan asli Kalimantan yang memiliki khasiat obat adalah tanaman Pakis Sayur. Pada penelitian kali ini akan dilakukan karakterisasi simplisia dan identifikasi senyawa fitokimia ekstrak Pakis Sayur.  Penelitian ini mengevaluasi karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak pakis sayur (Diplazium esculentum Swartz) melalui serangkaian pengujian organoleptik, kadar sari larut etanol, susut pengeringan, ekstraksi, fraksinasi, skrining fitokimia, dan uji senyawa flavonoid menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Hasil organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa simplisia memiliki bau khas, tanpa rasa, dan berwarna hijau kecoklatan, sedangkan ekstraknya memiliki bau khas, rasa pahit, dan berwarna hijau kehitaman. Kadar sari larut etanol simplisia pakis sayur sebesar 14,34%, dengan susut pengeringan sebesar 2,16%, yang memenuhi persyaratan kualitas. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol, menghasilkan rendemen ekstrak sebesar 7,81%. Fraksinasi menggunakan n-heksan dan aquadest menghasilkan fraksi dengan ciri-ciri organoleptis yang berbeda. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan keberadaan alkaloid, flavonoid, polifenol, dan saponin dalam ekstrak, menunjukkan potensi aktivitas biologis. Uji senyawa flavonoid dengan KLT menunjukkan noda positif alkaloid dengan nilai Rf 0,21. Kesimpulannya, pakis sayur memiliki potensi sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif dengan aktivitas farmakologis yang dapat dijelajahi lebih lanjut.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi N-Heksana Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya Linn.) Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Aprillia Hananing , Utari Nelya , Purnamaningsih Nur’aini
Published: February 2025

Background: Infectious diseases are still a problem for the world of health. Infectious diseases are caused by viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections can cause antibiotic resistance effects. Prevention of the effects of resistance can be done by looking for natural antibiotic agents derived from plants. One of the potential medicinal plants as antibiotics is papaya leaf.
Objective: The objective of study was determine the antibacterial activity of the papaya leaf n-hexane fraction against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and to determine the diameter zone of inhibition the papaya leaf n-hexane fraction at 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.  
Method: Papaya leaf were extraction by using maceration method of 70% ethanol as solvent. Separation of compounds based on the level of polarity using fractionation method with n-hexane: water (1:1 v/v) solvent then carried out phytochemical screening and separation of compounds using TLC method. The antibacterial activity testing used by agar diffusion method  Kirby Bauer with the treatment group of papaya leaf n-hexane fraction with a concentration of 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100%, the positive control group used Ampicillin 10 μg and the negative control group used Aquades.  
Result: Diameter zone of inhibition Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was smallest at 20% was 6,57 ± 0,15 mm and 6,69 ± 0,33 mm, while the diameter zone of inhibition the largest at 100% was 7,92 ± 0,23 mm and 7,94 ± 0,16 mm.
Conclusion: The papaya leaf n-hexane fraction concentration of 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100% had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The higher concentration then the larger diameter zone of inhibition formed.
Uji Aktivitas Gel Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) pada Kelinci sebagai Obat Luka Bakar
Authors: Hati Melati Permata , Pratama Rafli Renaldy , Ittiqoa Dzun Haryadi , Nurbaetya Baiq , Sugara Taufan Hadi
Published: February 2025

Luka bakar dapat disebabkan karena terkena sumber panas seperti air panas, listrik, dan api, yang ditandai dengan rusaknya jaringan pada kulit. Penanganan luka bakar dapat dilakukan secara tradisional menggunakan bahan alam yaitu kulit batang Pulai (Alstonia scholaris). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas gel ekstrak kulit batang Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) terhadap luka bakar derajat II pada kelinci. Metode yang digunakan adalah post-test-only control group design. Kulit batang Pulai diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Perubahan diameter luka bakar dianalisis menggunakan metode Oneway Anova untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada setiap perlakuan. Pengukuran diameter luka bakar pada kelinci dilakukan selama 14 hari. Terjadinya penurunan diameter tersebut didapat pada hari ke-3 sampai dengan ke-14 yang dimana, pada kontrol positif diameter awalnya yaitu 1,94 ± 0.05 cm mengalami penurunan hingga 1,5 ± 1.16 cm dengan selilsih 0,44 cm. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak, diameter awalnya yaitu 2 ± 0.06 cm mengalami penurunan hingga 1,68 ± 0.04 cm dengan selisih 0,34 cm sehingga, hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa gel ekstrak kulit batang pulai memiliki aktivitas dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar.
Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Ekstraksi terhadap Aktivitas Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH Ekstrak Biji Kopi Robusta Lampung Barat
Authors: Arifah Mitsalina Fildzah , Rusydan Azka Muhammad , Sayyidah Yahya Fina Ummu , Pratama Nofran Putra , Saputra Diky Permana
Published: February 2025

Background: Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) has been cultivated in Indonesia, especially in the West Lampung area. Robusta coffee contains secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants, namely chlorogenic acid and other phenolic components. These secondary metabolites of robusta coffee bean can be obtained using the extraction method. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is a well-known method to be more effective and lower temperature than other extraction methods. Variations in time impacted by the antioxidant activity of coffee bean extract.
Research objective: To determine the effect of variation in extraction time on the free radical reduction activity of DPPH from West Lampung Robusta coffee bean extract.
Research method: Robusta coffee beans were extracted by the UAE method using a 70% ethanol solvent (1:100). The variation in extraction time was 10, 20, and 30 minutes. Robusta coffee bean extract was subjected to organoleptic tests, phytochemical screening, and antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging.
Research results: The yield results at 10, 20, and 30 minutes of robusta coffee bean extract were 24.04%, 35.71%, and 20.15%. The results of the organoleptic test of the extract produce a thick texture, brown color, and unique aroma. The results of the phytochemical screening of the extract contain alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids.  The IC50 values at the time variations of 10, 20, and 30 minutes, and quercetin were 29.97 ± 2.737 ppm; 30.5 ± 1.745 ppm; 23.31 ± 4.638 ppm; and 1.42 ± 0.440 ppm respectively, which were significantly different.
Conclusion: The variation in extraction time affected the free radical reduction activity of DPPH was an extraction time of 30 minutes in the most optimal DPPH free radical scavenging activity
Korelasi dan sidik lintas beberapa varietas jagung manis pada berbagai dosis abu TKKS di lahan gambut
Authors: Irfandri  , Deviona  , Masliana
Published: January 2025

Produksi jagung manis di Riau mengalami fluktuasi akibat perubahan luas lahan panen. Perluasan areal tanam ke lahan gambut menjadi salah satu solusi peningkatan produksi jagung manis di Riau. Lahan gambut memiliki beberapa masalah, diantaranya pH rendah atau sangat masam, kapasitas tukar katiannya tinggi, sementara kejenuhan basanya rendah. Penggunaan abu tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan varietas unggul diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi jagung di lahan gambut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keeratan hubungan, pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung beberapa varietas jagung manis pada berbagai dosis abu TKKS di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Desember 2023 hingga April 2024 dengan metode RAK faktorial. Faktor pertama varietas jagung manis (Bonanza, Kumala, Golden Boy, dan Paragon), sementara faktor kedua abu TKKS (tanpa abu TKKS; 1,5 t.ha-1; 3 t.ha-1 dan 4,5 t.ha-1). Peubah yang diamati adalah waktu mekar sempurna bunga jantan, waktu munculnya bunga betina, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, umur panen, diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot, panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, jumlah baris biji dan bobot tongkol per plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakter tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, umur panen, diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot, panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot dan jumlah baris biji memiliki korelasi positif dengan karakter bobot tongkol per plot. Bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot merupakan karakter yang memiliki pengaruh langsung yang paling besar terhadap karakter bobot tongkol per plot. Panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot memiliki nilai pengaruh tidak langsung yang paling besar terhadap bobot tongkol per plot melalui karakter bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot.
A META ANALYSIS: EFFECT OF CAPSAICIN ON AVES DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Authors: Haria Yesaya , Arara Fakhriya Bilad , Afriani Arikah Putri , Rusdi  , Lisantie Elsa
Published: January 2025

Penggunaan promotor pertumbuhan antibiotik telah dilarang di berbagai negara karena berisiko menyebabkan resistensi bakteri terhadap obat dan residu antibiotik sehingga digunakan fitobiotik sebagai alternatif. Salah satu dari banyaknya produk komersial yang diketahui memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai fitobiotik adalah kelompok capsicum. Ciri khas Capsicum adalah tingginya kandungan senyawa capsaicin di dalamnya yang terkenal dengan kemampuannya dalam farmakologis termasuk peningkatan produksi ternak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian meta analisis yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek dari penggunaan capsaicin terhadap pencernaan unggas. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder hasil ekstraksi dari jurnal yang dikumpulkan sebelumnya. Data yang dikumpulkan selanjutnya dilakukan uji beda statistik untuk mengetahui perbedaan dari setiap perlakuan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum penggunaan suplementasi capsaicin meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pencernaan, asupan pakan, serta bobot ayam dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa penggunaan capsaicin. Hasil uji statistik juga menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pada hasil pada hasil setiap perlakuan yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai p 0.011 < 0.05 dan adanya pengaruh yang nyata dan signifikan dari penggunaan capsaicin pada parameter penilaian pencernaan dengan nilai p 0.011 < 0.05. Hasil ini menunjukkan capsaicin dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif antibiotik bagi unggas untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pencernaan, kecernaan pakan, peningkatan asupan pakan, serta berat badan unggas
An Experimental Study of the Properties of Bamboo Particle Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Biocomposites
Authors: Durowaye Stephen , Abayomi Amos , Ochulor Charles , Akindutire Comfort , Okafor Victor
Published: February 2025

Production of biodegradable polymer matrix biocomposites that are cost effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly with desirable properties using particles as discontinuous phase (filler) is a welcome development. In this study, bamboo particle reinforced epoxy resin matrix biocomposites were developed by stir casting method. Varied weight percentages (5 to 30 wt. %)  of  100 µm bamboo particles were added separately and blended with an epoxy resin – hardener matrix. The blends were fed into a fabricated wooden mould and allowed to cure at room temperature. After 24 hrs, the specimens were removed from the mould and subjected to microstructural examination using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Furthermore, the physical and mechanical properties characterisation of the specimens were also carried out. The results obtained from the experiments showed the presence of pores in the microstructure of the specimens and the distribution of reinforcing particles in the epoxy matrix. The reinforced composites (S2 to S6) demonstrated an appreciable increase in density when compared with the unreinforced control specimen (C1). Specimens (S2 to S6) demonstrated lower water absorption than C1. The composites demonstrated increased ultimate tensile strength with filler addition up to 25 wt. %. Similarly, the reinforced specimens demonstrated improved hardness as the weight percent (wt. %) of bamboo particles increased up to 25 wt. %. However, the composites demonstrated a reduction in impact energy as filler content increased when compared with the control specimen. Specimen S5 formulation, which contained 25 wt. % of reinforcing particles demonstrated the best properties in terms of density, water absorption, hardness, and ultimate tensile strength. These findings highlight the effectiveness of bamboo particles in enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of the developed ecofriendly biocomposites.
Estimation of Surface Runoff for Al-Ghadaf Valley using the SWAT Model
Authors: Ibrahim Atheer G.
Published: February 2025

Hydrological studies have become more important in recent years to estimate flow discharges in the valleys. The study area of Al-Ghadaf Valley was chosen due to the absence of surface runoff information for this valley. This research studied the watershed of Al-Ghadaf (GW) by using the SWAT model. It wasn’t possible to perform calibration and verification for the model due to the absence of actual discharges in the Al-Ghadaf valley. The area of the catchment was 8567.25  and the weather data used in this model was for three actual stations, Rutba, Ramadi, and Al-Nukhaib, for 13 years from 2009 to 2022. I wasn’t able to choose a period larger than 13 years because some of them are missing. Despite this, one of the features of the period that was chosen is that the years 2019 and 2013 fall within the chosen period and are considered flood years by the Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources. The results show that the maximum daily flow discharge for Al-Ghadaf that outflows into Al-Razzaza Lake was 312.1 /s, the maximum surface runoff depth (mm) for all watersheds was 6.62 mm, and the average curve number for the basin was 88.4. These results will help future researchers in this study area and decision-makers in the Ministry of Water Resources to know the amount of water coming from this basin and feeding Al-Razzaza Lake, especially since there are no previous studies about this basin showing the amount of water falling on the basin and coming to the lake.
Methodology of formation principles for parametric metadata databases (big data) of ontogenetic states of plants for their comparison in digital format in breeding nurseries aimed at optimization of selection in breeding technology: Scientific method recommendations.
Authors: Roik M. V. , Chernuskyi V. V. , Voitovska V. I. , Zin­chenko O. A. , Mandrovska S. M. , Svidelska N. M.
Published: January 2025

The methodological recommendations provide information on innovative methods for formation and use of parametric metadata databases (big data) for precision comparison of digital data on ontogenetic characteristics of plant conditions in breeding nurseries aimed at optimisation of selection in the breeding process. The methods of accelerated development of breeding genotypes are proposed.
The scientific and methodological recommendations are intended for graduate and doctoral students as guidelines on the precision analysis of parametric data of scientific experiments and for breeders-practitioners to facilitate accurate phenotyping of plants in breeding nurseries of different hierarchical levels to optimise the selection design.
Ecological and biological features of the Turkmenian kulan in the South of Ukraine: monograph
Authors: Yasy­nets­ka N. I. , Korinets N. O.
Published: January 2025

This monograph describes the results of breeding of the Turkmenian kulan in the Biosphere reserve «Askania Nova», on Byriuchyi Island (Azov-Syvash National Nature Park) in Kherson region and in the Tarutino Steppe of Odesa region. The dynamics of the number and demographic structure of the Askanian population, the peculiarities of reproduction and behaviour of animals are presented. The exterior and weight indicators are analysed. The description of defects in the exterior, colour, hair coat, moulting, and skin structure is given. The materials on the study of internal organs of the kulan are summarised. Craniological features are described, parameters of the postcranial skeleton bones are determined. The social organisation of the Turkmenian kulan in the reserve «Askania Nova» and on Byriuchyi Island is described, and the territorial distribution of the animals is given. The results of the kulan reintroduction in the Tarutino steppe are described. The ecological and parasitological status of animals in Askania Nova is assessed.
The book is intended for ecologists, zoologists, and specialists in nature conservation.
ردود المحدثين اللغويّة على معجم المنجد للويس معلوف (ت 1946م) الجموع نموذجًا
Authors: شيداء هيثم سعدون الباحثة , رعد كريم حسن الدّلفيّ أ.م.د.
Published: February 2025

نال المنجد شهرة عظيمة وأهمّيّة كبيرة لدى القرّاء والباحثين، واحتلّ منزلة متقدّمة بين أبناء جلدته من المعجمات التي نُظمت في زمنه، وبإزاء تلك الشهرة لم يسلم المنجد وناظمه من نقودات ومآخذ الباحثين التي انهالت على المنجد تغليطا وردّا واستدراكا، وكان للجموع المحصول الأكبر في تلك الهجمة على المنجد وناظمه.
Content Analysis of Media Coverage on Gaza and Ukraine Conflicts
Authors: Hamid Tarad Lafta Omairi Asst. Prof. Dr.
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the framing, and narrative strategies employed by BBC, and CNN in their coverage of the Gaza and Ukraine conflicts, focusing on terminology, tone, and framing. Based on a qualitative content analysis of 12 articles, published between October 2023, and October 2024, the research uncovers, significant disparities in how these conflicts are portrayed. While Ukrainian fighters, are consistently framed as "defenders" engaged in a justifiable struggle for sovereignty, Palestinian fighters, are often described using mixed or negative terminology, highlighting their association with violence or humanitarian crises. Coverage of Gaza, emphasizes large-scale civilian victimization, and humanitarian crises, with critical framing of Israeli military actions. In contrast, Ukraine coverage highlights resilience, and legitimate defense against Russian aggression, with detailed casualty reporting and an emphasis on geopolitical threats. These findings, reveal inherent double standards, and geopolitical biases in Western media coverage, offering critical insights for journalists, and policymakers seeking to foster balanced, and ethical reporting of international conflicts.
جمالية الفن الشعري في الحماسة الشجرية (الشعراء العباسيون إنموذجًا)
Authors: احمد جبار دويل الخفاجي م.م.
Published: February 2025

تعد الحماسة الشجرية من مصادر الشعر العربي المهمة على مدار اربعة عصور هي (الجاهلي ، والاسلامي ، والاموي ، وجزء كبير من العصر العباسي) انتقى فيها ابن الشجري الكثير من النصوص المتنوعة الأغراض والتي حذا فيها حذو ابي تمام والبحتري ولم يختلف عن منهجيهما كثيراً، حيث بغ عدد شعرائها ثلاثمائة وخمس وستين شاعراً عدا المجهولين الذين لم يسمهم ، وبلغت مقطوعاتها تسعمائة وأربعاً وأربعين مقطوعة.
    وكان الدافع الاول لتأليف هذه الحماسة عند ابن الشجري؛ هو دافع التقليد عند كبار الشعراء والأدباء حيث أخذ أكثر هؤلاء يختار مجموعة من شعر الشعراء ويطلق عليها اسم الحماسة مثل ما فعل البحتري تيمناً بأستاذه (أبي تمام الطائي)  كما لحقه الخالديان، فكانت لهما حماستهما التي سميت (الاشباه والنظائر) وتبعهم في ذلك هبة الله بن الشجري ، ووظف شعراء الحماسة الصور المعنوية (البصرية والسمعية والحسية واللونية والذوقية) مما كان له الأثر البالغ في القارئ، واستعانوا بالبِنيات التركيبية ذات الطابع الجمالي في النص والتي تلفت انتباه المتلقي مثل البنى التكرارية والتشكيلية والدرامية.
الظروف الطقسية المصاحبة لتكرار العواصف الرعدية في العراق
Authors: هند حسن مطشر م.د
Published: February 2025

العواصف الرعدية ظاهرة جوية تحدث نتيجة عدم الاستقرار في الغلاف الجوي , يهدف البحث الى دراسة الظروف الطقسيه الساعية المصاحبة لتكرار  العواصف الرعدية في العراق , إذ يصاحب العواصف الرعدية حدوث تقلبات جوية مفاجئة في معدلات (الضغط الجوي وسرعة الرياح ودرجة الحرارة  والأمطار والبرد ) فقد تم الاعتماد على التسجيلات الساعية في مَحطات الرصد الجوي من بدأية تَكرار  العواصف الرعدية خلال فصل الخريف والشتاء والربيع , وتَمت الدراسة بالاعتماد على (8) مَحطات هي ( الموصل وكركوك والرطبة وبغداد و الديوانية والحي والناصرية والبصرة ) للمُدة  (2013-2023) , بلغ مَجموع تَكرار  العواصف الرعدية خلال مدة الدراسة (1263) تَكراراً , واتضح من خلال الدراسة وجود تباين في عناصر الطقس المصاحبة لتَكرار  العواصف الرعدية خلال الأشهر وحسب الفصول وحسب المكان , بلغ معدل الضغط الجوي المصاحب للعواصف الرعدية (1010.3) مليبار, ومعدل درجات الحرارة  المصاحب للعواصف الرعدية (22,6) مْ, وبالنسبة لسرع الرياح سُجلت سرعة رياح مصاحبة لها بمعدل(7,7) م/ثا, أما بالنسبة لتَكرار  الأمطار والبرد المرافقة للعواصف الرعدية فبلغ ( 458, 241) لكل منهما.
Views and experiences of people living with obesity and food insecurity on supermarket messaging: A reflexive thematic analysis
Authors: Greatwood Hannah , Sawczuk Thomas , Hunter Emma , Stone Rebecca Ann , Lonnie Marta , Gilthorpe Mark S , Johnstone Alexandra , Brown Adrian , Hardman Charlotte , Wilkins Emma , Douglas Flora , Thomas Maddie , Sritharan Nilani , Griffiths Claire
Published: January 2025

Background: People experiencing food insecurity (FI) are more likely to live with obesity and purchase foods of lower dietary quality. Retail campaigns have the potential to influence food purchasing behaviours. Still, little is known about how the retailers’ messaging is perceived by people living with obesity (PLWO) and FI. This qualitative paper explores the insights of PLWO and FI on two national online and in-store campaigns targeted at i) supporting customers with increased food prices, and ii) promoting the consumption of healthier and more environmentally sustainable meals. Methods: Participants who self-reported as living with obesity and FI (n=39) expressed their perceptions of campaign images, from one retailer, through four in-person focus groups. Findings from the focus groups were then presented to the retail partner in an online participatory workshop. Themes were generated using reflexive thematic analysis.Results: Five themes and 12 subthemes were generated from the focus groups: (i) ‘Do I have the resources needed?’ Finances and, or time influenced participants’ food purchasing. (ii) ‘Do I know what it means?’ Participants did not always understand the images presented. (iii) ‘Do I trust it?’ Participants questioned whether the prices or images in the campaigns were authentic. (iv) ‘Do I want it?’ Participants questioned whether the food presented in the images appealed to them. (v) ‘Recommendations for future promotional communications’. Participants outlined how they wanted messaging to apply to them by using ethnically diverse food images that are suitable for a range of health conditions. From the retail partner participatory workshop we identified one theme and three subthemes. (i) ‘It is a conundrum’, the diverse needs of subgroups for national campaigns make it challenging for retailers to communicate healthy sustainable food promotions.Conclusions: These findings provide insights for retailers on the need for tailored communications, that reflect the requirements of different customers, to support PLWO and FI to purchase healthier and more sustainable foods. Acknowledging and addressing the inherent complexity of promoting healthier and more environmentally sustainable food is vital to making meaningful improvements to the food environment.
Deep Brain Sound Stimulation for Sleep:  Precision Auditory Stimulation
Authors: Dogan Ugur
Published: January 2025

Background: Insomnia affects millions globally, significantly reducing quality of life and increasing the risk of mental and physical health issues. Traditional treatments, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) and pharmacotherapy, often face challenges related to accessibility, adherence, and side effects.Objective: This preliminary observational study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Deep Brain Sound Stimulation (DBSS), a novel non-invasive auditory therapy, for individuals with insomnia and to enhance deep sleep based on user-reported outcomes.Methods: Data were collected from 358 users who completed DBSS therapy for Insomnia and Deep Sleep via the Vital Tones mobile application on the Apple App Store. Participants self-administered DBSS sessions at home and provided symptom reports through in-app surveys. User satisfaction was assessed using purchase and refund data, while symptom improvement was evaluated using descriptive statistics to determine median effectiveness and confidence intervals.Results: High user satisfaction was observed, with 99.30% of Insomnia users and 99.53% of Deep Sleep users satisfied with the treatment. Refund rates were exceptionally low, with only 0.70% (1/143) of Insomnia users and 0.47% (1/215) of Deep Sleep users requesting refunds. Among 19 survey respondents, the median symptom improvement was 80% for Insomnia (95% CI: 44.92%–85.08%) and 65% for Deep Sleep (95% CI: 35.60%–94.40%). DBSS was well-tolerated, with no severe adverse events reported and only rare mild side effects such as transient dizziness and mild headaches.Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest that DBSS is a promising non-invasive treatment for insomnia and enhancing deep sleep, offering significant symptom reduction and high user satisfaction. Its accessibility and favorable safety profile provide advantages over traditional therapies. However, the study’s observational design, limited survey sample, and reliance on self-reported data highlight the need for further controlled research to confirm DBSS’s efficacy and safety for sleep-related disorders.
Slowness, Politics, and Joy: Values That Guide Technology Choices in Creative Coding Classrooms
Authors: McNutt Andrew Michael , Cohen Sam , Chugh Ravi
Published: February 2025

There are many tools and technologies for making art with code, each embodying distinct values and affordances. Within this landscape, creative coding educators must evaluate how different tools map onto their own principles and examine the potential impacts of those choices on students' learning and artistic development. Understanding the values guiding these decisions is critical, as they reflect insights about these contexts, communities, and pedagogies. We explore these values through semi-structured interviews with (N=12) creative coding educators and toolbuilders. We identify three major themes: slowness (how friction can make room for reflection), politics (including the lasting effects of particular technologies), and joy (or the capacity for playful engagement). The lessons and priorities voiced by our participants offer valuable, transferable perspectives---like preferring community building (such as through documentation) over techno-solutionism. We demonstrate application of these critical lenses to two tool design areas (accessibility and AI assistance).
What Lies Behind the Answers: Applying Machine Learning to Understand Tenants’ Reaction to Eviction
Authors: Ren Cheng , Thomas Timothy A. , Chen Xin , ZHOU LEYI
Published: January 2025

Eviction is one of the most pressing challenges facing millions of households today, particularly in urban areas, with filings expected to rebound or even surpass pre-pandemic levels. While non-payment of rent is frequently cited as the primary reason for eviction, the underlying causes of non-payment have not been thoroughly examined. This study analyzes eviction court files from 2014 to 2017, obtained from Pierce County, Washington, and applies advanced data science techniques, including layout analysis and natural language processing, to investigate renters’ responses to summonses and their stated reasons for non-payment. The findings reveal that the most frequently mentioned responses include “going to court,” “moving out,” and “payment plan.” Furthermore, among cases that provide explanations for eviction, the most commonly cited causes are “job loss,” “family emergencies,” and “medical issues.” Based on insights from the answer files, we propose interventions such as mediation and tenant rights education. Finally, we discuss the study’s limitations and suggest directions for future research.
Government Support in Times of Crisis: Transfers and the Road to Socialism
Authors: Gonzalez Felipe , Prem Mounu
Published: January 2025

Despite the adverse effects of economic crises, incumbents often retain significantelectoral support. We attribute this resilience to the intensified political returns of transfersduring crises. Our context is the largest infant nutrition program in the world, implemented bySalvador Allende and his left-wing coalition in Chile (1970-1973) as part of a large increase inspending that contributed to hyperinflation, scarcity of basic goods, and plummeting real wages.Using administrative data and surveys, we find that the delivery of three cups of milk per dayto all preschoolers in the country lowered infant mortality and helped the left-wing governmentto remain electorally popular. We support the causal interpretation of results by exploiting afamily planning program from the late 1960s, information campaigns targeting women, andvoting in gender-segregated booths. Furthermore, novel measures of the local severity of theeconomic crisis reveal that transfers yielded greater political returns in areas hardest hit byeconomic hardship. Why did the crisis fail to translate into support for the opposition coalition?Survey evidence suggests that transfers swayed voters who perceived the crisis as unrelated togovernment policies. Overall, our findings demonstrate how direct transfers and heterogeneousperceptions of economic crises can sustain the electoral popularity of governments.
Baffled tubes with superimposed oscillatory flow: Experimental study of the fluid mixing and heat transfer at low net Reynolds numbers
Authors: Muñoz-Cámara José , Crespí-Llorens Damián , Solano Juan Pedro , Vicente Quiles Pedro Ginés
Published: January 2025

Experimental results of flow pattern and heat transfer in circular-orifice baffled tubes under pure oscillatory flow and compound flow conditions are presented. The hydrogen bubble visualization technique is employed for describing the unsteady flow structure, and particle image velocimetry is used in order to measure the velocity field during eight different phases of the oscillation cycle. The existence of a central jet and the cyclic dispersion of vortices upstream and downstream of the baffles is analysed. The loss of the flow axisymmetry for Reosc>130 is clearly identified. Heat transfer measurements under uniform heat flux (UHF) conditions are obtained in a thermal-hydraulic rig, allowing for the description of the influence of net and oscillatory Reynolds numbers on the Nusselt number, using propylene-glycol as working fluid (Pr=150). The impact of chaotic mixing, for Reosc>150, results in a uniform local heat transfer distribution along the reactor cell, as well as in thermal uniformity in the transverse plane of the tube.