bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ENAMEL AFTER MICROABRASION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Bertoldo Carlos Eduardo Dos Santos , Pini Nubia Inocencya Pavesi , Miranda Diogo De Azevedo , Catelan Anderson , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Leite Débora Alves Nunes , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio , Lovadino José Roberto
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the enamel microhardness, surface roughness, and chemical composition after microabrasion technique, followed by polishing and different immersion times in artificial saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety enamel blocks (25 mm2) from bovine incisors were divided into two groups (G1 and G2), and then subdivided in five subgroups (n = 9) according to their microabrasion treatment and polishing with a diamond paste: 35% phosphoric acid and pumice (H3PO4+Pum) and polishing; just H3PO4+Pum; 6.6% hydrochloric acid and silica (HCl+Sil) and polishing; just HCl+Sil; and control (no treatment). For G1, roughness and microhardness analyses were performed before (L1) and after (L2) microabrasion. After 15 (L3) and 30 (L4) days of immersion in artificial saliva, microhardness analysis was also performed. After (L4) analysis, the specimens were subjected to SEM analysis. G2 was used for the chemical analysis using energy dispersion testing (EDS). The data was subjected to statistical analysis (α = 5%). For roughness, L2 presented higher values than L1, except for the polished groups. For microhardness, L2 presented higher values than L1, except for unpolished groups. The L3 and L4 did not differ and were higher than L1. RESULTS: No changes were observed in the phosphorus concentrations of the microabrasioned enamel. However, the specimens treated with HCl+Sil were observed as having decreased calcium and increased chlorine and silica on the EDS test. CONCLUSION: Microabrasion followed by polishing and immersion in artificial saliva for 15 days is enough to increase the microhardness of microabrasioned enamel surfaces, although the microabrasion procedure can alter the mineral content of the enamel.
Color variation of acrylic resins immersed in pigment beverages according to the consume habits: a pilot study
Authors: Waldemarin Renato Fabrício de Andrade , Cleff Lucas Brum , Santos Lauren Grandi , Camacho Guilherme Brião , Pinto Luciana De Rezende
Published: March 2017

AIM: evaluate the color changes in acrylic resins immersed in two pigmented beverages in different time periods, proportional to the frequency and volume of consume by the population with and without the use of artificial saliva. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty thermo-polymerizable resin disks were confectioned with 3.0 +- 0.1 mm thickness, initially immersed in distilled water for 24 hours and randomly divided into 2 groups (n=15): GC – with artificial saliva and GS – without artificial saliva. They were, then, subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=5): G1 – distilled water (control); G2 – red wine; G3 – black tea. These groups were daily immersed inside beverages for 15 days, with daily immersion frequency equal to the beverage ingestion and the period of each immersion equal to 1 minute/10 ml of beverage per capita. Between each immersion the disks were stored inside distilled water. The color of resins was measured according to the CIE-Lab scale before and after the immersion periods, and the color variation was calculated (ΔE). The values ΔL*, Δa* e Δb* were also evaluated. RESULTS: Analysis of variance was performed, and have shown significant difference (p<0.05) among G1 and the other solutions, without significant difference between G2 and G3 for ΔE, ΔL, Δa and the module Δb. There was no difference between GC and GS. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the use of artificial saliva did not change pigmentation degree and that wine presents similar changes to the tea, considering the parameters used.
Influence of reused dental burs on bond strength to dentin
Authors: Lise Diogo Pedrollo , Monteiro Júnior Sylvio , Gondo Renata
Published: March 2017

AIM: this study evaluated the bond strength of an adhesive system to human dentin prepared with reused diamond burs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: five molars (G1) were prepared in a standardized way with five diamond burs. Flat deep dentin surfaces were etched, received adhesive and received composite build-ups. The same burs were cleaned and reused on another five teeth groups (G2 until G8). After 24-hours storage and thermocycling, 50 dentin-resin sticks per group were obtained and subjected to microtensile bond strength test (μTBS). RESULTS: analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were applied to identify differences between groups (p<0.05). The reuse of a diamond bur for more than two preparations resulted in significantly lower µTBS values (G1 = G2 > G3 = G4 = G5 = G6 = G7 = G8). CONCLUSION: Reuse of diamond burs interfered on adhesion between dentin and resin.
Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of resin-dentin bond strengths: in vitro effects of surface treatment with metalloproteinase inhibitors
Authors: Totti Marcelo , Goulart Marcelo , Fagundes Laerte Ohse , Thomé Thaís , Conceição Ewerton Nochi , Coelho de Souza Fábio Herrmann , Erhardt Maria Carolina
Published: March 2017

AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of MMPs inhibitors (chlorhexidine and EDTA) in bond strength and quality of the hybrid layer of adhesive restorations in normal dentin using two ethanol-based total-etch adhesive systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-two extracted human molars were coronally sectioned and randomly divided into 8 groups (n=4), depending on the surface pre-treatment and adhesive system used. The total-etch adhesive systems Single Bond 2 (2-step) and Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus (3-step) were used as follows: 1) according to manufacturer's instructions (etching with 37% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for 15 s); 2) etching with H3PO4 for 15 s, followed by 2% chlorhexidine for 120 s; 3) etching with 0.1 M EDTA for 60 s; 4) etching with 0.1 M EDTA followed by 2% chlorhexidine for 120 s. Teeth were incrementally restored with composite resin (Filtek Z350XT). After water storage for 24 h, teeth were double-sectioned, yielding stick specimens of 1.0 mm² bonded area, and then subjected to microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test at 0.5 mm/min. Additional specimens were gold-sputtered to be analyzed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data (in Mega Pascal) were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (p <0.05) tests. RESULTS: The etching protocol (37% H3PO4 or EDTA) interfered with hybrid layer formation, monomer penetration and the MTBS. Funnel shaped resin tags were observed when dentin was etched with 37% H3PO4. In these specimens, MTBS were also higher. EDTA conditioning produced thin hybrid layers and smaller MTBS, regardless the adhesive system used. Chlorhexidine application after conditioning resulted in no apparent differences between both evaluated techniques (37% H3PO4 or EDTA). CONCLUSION: The use of chlorhexidine as a MMP inhibitor does not alter immediate bond strength values and does not interfere with hybrid layer formation.
Evaluation of knowledge on oral health, malocclusions and non-nutritive habits of daycare educators
Authors: Barboza Naiara , Santana Natalia , Lunardi Nadia , Boeck Eloisa Marcantonio , Pizzol Karina Eiras Dela Coleta
Published: March 2017

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate daycare educators’ knowledge on oral health, malocclusions and non-nutritive habits and how to address these issues. Educators were also investigated on whether or not they had received previous instructions on oral health and the quality of such information. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey was conducted using a questionnaire, given to daycare educators of Araraquara (SP, Brazil). The structured questionnaire had close-ended questions, and was divided into three sections according to subject matter. RESULTS: Based on the analyzed questionnaires (n=143), most educators showed reasonable knowledge on oral health (72%) and non-nutritive habits (52.4%), although 89.5% of them had received previous instructions on the subject. Chi-square test showed no association between the level of knowledge among educators and the variables: age, type of school and self assessment of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: These professionals need additional information about oral health in order to address these topics through educational practices, since educators are the best suited professionals to teach and motivate children.
Caries prevalence and need of student’s treatment
Authors: Borges Tássia Silvana , Schwanke Natalí Lippert , Thiesen Guilherme , Rodrigues Priscila Humbert , Raupp Suziane Maria Marques , Grazziotin Gladis Benjamina
Published: March 2017

AIM: Investigating dental caries prevalence and the need of student’s treatment in a small municipality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A population composed by 217 students was studied, 161 (74.2%) from the urban zone and 56 (25.8%) from the rural zone, resident in Independência, Rio Grande do Sul. The indexes DMFT and dmft for dental caries were used, and the need of dentistry treatment was evaluated according to codes and criteria from Projeto SB Brasil, 2010. RESULTS: Regarding to the presence of dental caries, it was observed that 83.8% (93) of the students presented caries at 06 years old, and 94.3% (100) at 12 years old. The dmft at 6 years was 4.17 and DMFT at 12 years was 3.53. Regarding to the need of treatment, 71.8% (156) of students needed some type of attention, and the surface restoration was the most prevalent. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of dental caries was found, both at 6 and 12 years old (4.17 and 3.53) respectively, and 71.8% needed some type of treatment. The most prevalent treatments were dental surface restoration, dental extraction and sealing pits and fissures.
Dentistry: by choice or chance? A questionnaire survey for pre clinical dental students
Authors: Narayanan Arun , Sarpangala Mythri , Aboobacker Sajida , Peedikayil Faizal , Bhat Ajeya Kumara
Published: March 2017

Historically, Indian education has been elitist. Currently, India has the second largest education system in the world preceded by China. In order to meet the demand for coveted dental education, private dental colleges have sprung across the country, making the access easy for the students to enroll into dental education programmes after their higher secondary education. This  has lead to a suspicion whether these dental students had been forced into a course that they did not aspire of and even if they actually chose the career, are they performing  as good as they expected to be once the  course commences. This questionnaire survey aims at discussing these issues and to prepare the Indian education system at both school and college level to encompass and implement an orientation and motivation program to overcome this.
Sealing ability of two commonly used root canal sealers with and with out smear layer
Authors: Fatima Nazish , Hussain Mehwish
Published: March 2017

AIM: The aim of current research was to find out the sealing ability of two commonly used sealers in the presence and absence of smear layer at different time interval. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total of 180 single rooted vital teeth were used. Transversal section was made with the help of digital slow speed cutting saw to divide the root and crown part. After removal of crown roots part was instrumented and prepared. The 180 teeth were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=90) 1 and 2. In group 1 the smear layer was kept intact but it was removed from group 2 with EDTA (17%). Group 1 was then divided into two sub-groups, A1, A2. Group 2 was again separated into two sub-groups, B1 and B2. Each sub-group contained of 45 samples. In sub-groups A1 and B1, AH Plus sealer, in sub-groups A2 and B2, Ketac-endo sealer and cold lateral condensation technique was used for obturation with gutta percha. All samples were kept in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours, with help of nail polish/varnish all samples root surfaces was painted only excluding apical area after words each sub group were further divided in to three groups of 15 to represent immersion periods of 7,15 and 30 days. All samples were then kept in 5 % methylene blue dye solution at 37o c for their respective time periods. After specific time period, the roots of every group were cut longitudinally and evaluate under a stereomicroscopes to evaluate apical micro leakage in millimeter. Data was subjected to Repeated measure ANOVA with post-hoc analysis using Tukey and bonferroni tests. RESULTS: Overall analysis indicated significant reduction in sealing ability canals in with and without smear layer over different time periods (p <0.0001). CONCLUSION: Current study has concluded that AH plus sealer provides significantly better seal in the absence of smear layer than in the presence of smear layer in addition it gave better seal than Ketac-Endo sealer in the absence and presence of smear layer.
Food intake selection influenced by opposing functional natural teeth or removable denture: observational study
Authors: Cerutti-Kopplin Daiane , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , Hugo Fernando Neves , Bez Andressa Da Silveira , Torres Luísa Helena Do Nascimento , Rivaldo Elken Gomes , Padilha Dalva Maria Pereira
Published: March 2017

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between types of dentition in occlusion and the perceived ability to eat a range of common foods in elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 363 individuals (117 men, 246 women; mean age = 73.4 ± 5.8 years) Self-reported information on questionnaires were linked to oral examination to establish types of dentition in occlusion assessing their influence on the needs to alter the food selection and on the difficulty to chew key foods. RESULTS: The individuals were classified as having their occlusion performed by completed removable prostheses (D/D) (51.2%), mixed dentition (D/N-N/D) (32.8%) or with natural teeth (N/N) (16%). Individuals with natural teeth N/N or mixed dentition (N/D-D/N) had less necessity to change their food intake, relative to individuals with their occlusion performed by complete removal denture (D/D) (p<0.05). Most of the individuals that had to modify their food intake avoided hard-to-chew food (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The reduced masticatory ability may lead to changes in dietary selection with risk of an impaired nutritional status especially in elderly complete denture wearers.
Dental status among fisher folk communities: a clinical study and its role in forensic dentistry
Authors: Ram Kodanda , Karunakaran Anila , Sebastian Aneesh , Siddiqui Muqthadir , Shafi Mohammed
Published: March 2017

AIM: To assess the dental findings among fishermen communities residing in the coastal areas of Edakkad and Muzhappilangad, Kannur, Kerala, South India, and the feasibility of using these findings for identification of the subjects in forensic investigation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty males of age group 30-35 years were selected- two groups of 20 each from two fishermen communities and one control group of 10 from the non- fishermen population. The parameters included in the study were work procedure, smoking, tobacco chewing, alcohol consumption, attrition, cervical abrasion, macrodontia, incisal notching, dental caries and facial features. For statistical analysis was used chi-square test. RESULTS: All the parameters were significantly more in the study groups compared to the controls. CONCLUSION: Further research is suggested to identify other factors which may influence the outcome of forensic investigation.
Dissolution of human enamel in still flavoured water drinks in vitro
Authors: Hemingway Catherine , Lo Michelle , Cooper Lee , Adeyemi Adejumoke , Higham Susan
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the erosive potential of these drinks using human enamel in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A range of bottled, still flavoured water drinks available in the UK were investigated and their erosive potential was compared by measuring pH and titratable acidity. Six beverages were chosen for the main study and also both a negative (distilled water) and positive control (orange juice). Human enamel specimens were prepared, sectioned and varnished leaving an exposure window visible to have contact with test solutions. Each specimen was randomly allocated in groups of six. Each group was exposed to 20 ml of one of the eight test solutions for 10, 30, 60 and 90 min. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence was used to ensure the teeth selected were free of artefacts and diseased areas. Erosion was measured using non-contact optical profilometry. RESULTS: Enamel loss occurred with all test drinks and the positive control (p<0.05) and in most cases the still water drinks were just as erosive as the positive control. Only vitamin water at 30 min was not significantly different from the negative control (p= 0.86), All drinks tested resulted in significant enamel loss (p<0.01). These results may indicate that consumers should think of still water beverages as potentially acidic drinks rather than just flavoured healthy water alternatives. CONCLUSION: This study indicates the need for preventive advice to be given by dentists about such beverages and therefore ultimately to make patients and consumers more aware of hidden erosive risks.
Evaluation of minimum inhibitory concentration and antimicrobial activity of basil extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) incorporated to the mouthwash
Authors: Marcantonio Ana Carolina , Oliveira Guilherme , Boeck Eloisa , Pilon Thalita , Bernardi Adilson , Lunardi Nadia
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study has as aim to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration and the antimicrobial activity of basil extract incorporated to the mouthwash against the bacteria S.mutans. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the study, the hydro alcoholic basil extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) incorporated to the mouthwash was used in order to evaluate the effect of this formulation on bacteria and its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). As positive control, TBS + S. mutans was used; as negative control, only the TBS; the fluid hydro alcoholic basil extract 20% and the concentrated basil extract 12%, both incorporated to the mouthwash, were also evaluated. As MIC verification method and antimicrobial activity, the micro dilution was used in the concentrations: pure, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128; and carried out in triplicate. The microtiter plates were incubated and evaluated after 24 and 72hs. RESULTS: The results showed there was no antimicrobial activity of mouthwash associated to the fluid and concentrated basil extract. However, the mouthwash insulated showed antimicrobial activity only as pure; other dilutions did not presented the same result. CONCLUSION: Before the findings in this study, it is possible conclude that hydro alcoholic basil extract incorporated to the mouthwash did not present antimicrobial activity against the bacteria S. mutans.
Aesthetic perception of the height of the lip vermilion border by black and white laypeople
Authors: Pithon Matheus , Oliveira Adriano , Oliveira Sara , Eça Edmone , Sampaio Samylle , Matos Tarcila , Coqueiro Raildo , Andrade Ana Carolina
Published: March 2017

AIM: To assess the degree of aesthetic perception of the height of the vermilion border of the lip among laypeople of black and white ethnicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: in possession of an extraoral photograph of a 25 years old woman with lips at rest, changes were effectuated reducing the height of the lip vermilion in increments of 0.5 mm (0-default to -3.0 mm). To do so, a program for image manipulation (Adobe Photoshop CS4, San Jose, CA, USA) was used. Once the images obtained, they were printed and arranged randomly on a questionnaire to be evaluated by the examiners (n=200). A graduated visual analogue scale of 0 to 10 points for aesthetic evaluation, where 0 represented "not very attractive", 5 "attractive" and 10 "very attractive", was used. To evaluate the differences between the examiners, the Mann-Whitney test was used. RESULTS: There was significant difference between male and female evaluators in evaluating the effect of the height of the vermilion on the attractiveness of the lip. Black and white people were able to identify changes in the height of the vermilion border of the lip, verifying that this height is acceptable till -2mm. Black evaluators gave lower scores to the -3 mm height vermilion than white evaluators, and this has been a clinically significant difference (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: changes in the height of the vermilion border of the lip are acceptable up to -2mm gap among black and white people of both genders, gradually decaying to major changes and having a preference, mostly, for the greater height of the vermilion border of the lip.
Assessment of the structural components of removable partial dentures
Authors: Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Pamato Saulo , Afonso Danielle , Freitas Tássia
Published: March 2017

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the mechanical and planning failures of the structural components of tooth-supported and tooth-mucosa-supported removable partial dentures (RPDs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated the following components of fifty removable partial dentures: direct retainers (niche, support, retention arm, opposition arm, position on the abutments, type of retainers selected), indirect retainers (position, necessity, and niche), acrylic saddle, major connector, insertion axis and interference of muscles and nerves, which were classified into adequate and inadequate. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between tooth-supported and tooth-mucosa-supported dentures when the major connector was considered. CONCLUSION: The major component failures were the following, in descending order: maintenance of the prosthesis, niche, insertion axis, and acrylic base.
Mandibular talon cusp - a case report
Authors: Sachdeva Suresh Kumar
Published: March 2017

Talon cusp is a relatively rare developmental dental anomaly, characterized by cusp-like projections from the cingulum area, or cemento-enamel junction of maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth, in both the primary and permanent dentition. In most of the cases it involves maxillary lateral incisors. The anomaly has been reported to be rare especially when it occurs on mandibular teeth. This article reports a case of talon cusp on permanent mandibular central incisor, which makes it a rare entity.
A stereomicroscopic in-vitro study to investigate the root canal morphology of mandibular third molars using clearing technique
Authors: Zafar Salwa , Tabassum Sameena , Sabharwal Sumit , Rai Vivek Kumar , Srinivasan Arun , Tanniru Hema Iswarya
Published: March 2017

AIM: To analyse the root canal morphology of mandibular third molars using clearing technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety permanent extracted mandibular third molar teeth were collected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Teeth were then decalcified and were made transparent Methylene Blue Dye was injected to color the pulp space. These teeth were then observed under sterio Microscope and root canal systems were identified according to Vertucci's Classification. RESULTS: The most common anatomical morphology found was having two roots. Overall type I Vertucci’s configuration was the most common pattern of canals. Other canal patterns that were found included type II, III, IV and V. In this study no canal of type VI, VII or VIII were found. CONCLUSION: The morphological variations in root patterns and canal configuration of mandibular third molar should be given consideration for successful endodontic treatment.
Titanium and its alloys: properties and applications for use as an oral biomaterial: a review
Authors: Bangera Madhu , D'Costa Vivian
Published: March 2017

Titanium and its alloys are being extensively researched and are applied relatively in different fields of dentistry since 1970s. Every property of this metal has proven to be useful in allied branches of dentistry like casting of removable partial denture frameworks, endosseous implants, in surgical reconstruction and orthodontics. Its inherent advantages like high strength, ductility, formability and weldability, low modulus of elasticity, ease of formation of oxidized surface layer, ability to retain mechanical integrity after autoclave and relatively low toxicity has led to extensive application of titanium and its alloys. The success of the treatment modality relies anyways on the knowledge of the properties required to employ them at the right situation. This article provides an insight into the properties of titanium and its alloys employed as a biomaterial for variety of purposes in dentistry with its definitive pros and cons.
Ipsilateral supplementary lateral incisors: a case report
Authors: Shinohara André Luis , De Grava Eduardo Ferro , Rodrigues Antônio De Castro , Andreo Jesus Carlos , Buchaim Rogério Leone , Kuga Milton Carlos , Ahmed Farooque Jamaluddin
Published: March 2017

Supernumerary teeth are one of the dental anomalies which occur due to the developmental disturbances in teeth. They can be seen in various shape and form. They can occur in both the deciduous and permanent dentition and can impose aesthetic and occlusion problems. Morphologically the supernumerary teeth exhibit various forms ranging from conical to tuberculate and supplemental types. Supplemental teeth as the name suggests are similar in shape to that of the normal prototype. In this particular case, we are reporting a case of ipsilateral supplemental permanent lateral incisors and the treatment approach which would subsequently facilitate the patient to undergo orthodontic treatment.
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a case report
Authors: Kota Kasim , Kodanda Ram , Jaisekharan V P
Published: March 2017

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a non neoplastic reactive lesion of the gingiva, originating from the periosteum or periodontal membrane following local irritation or chronic trauma. PGCG manifests as a red-purple growth located in the gingiva or edentulous alveolar margins. The lesion can develop at any age, shows a slight female predilection. Usually, they cause one or the other problem in eruption or alignment of teeth, but may also present without disturbing the normal occlusion or eruption pattern. Management of these teeth depends on the symptoms. Presented here is a case of PGCG in relation to the lower right  first premolar in a 10 year old child.
Effect of water storage on microshear bond strength of four dental adhesive systems to dentin
Authors: Montenegro Robinson Viegas , Carlo Hugo Lemes , Batista André Ulisses Dantas , Montenegro Sheyla Christinne Lira , Farias Ohana Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

AIM: To evaluate the microshear bond strength of 4 dental adhesive systems after 1 year-water storage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 120 cylinders of composite, obtained from 24 bovine incisors, which were divided into four experimental groups: G1-Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, G2-Single Bond 2, G3-Clearfil SE Bond, G4-Adper Easy One and two storage times in distilled water: T0 - 24h and T1 - 1 year. A bivariate analysis was performed using the ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results were evaluated inter-and intra-group in both times. RESULTS: After 24 hours, G1T0 (39.68A ± 11.55) showed higher bond strength (MPa) followed by G2T0 (22.71B ± 4.07), G3T0 (18.94BC ± 7.29) and G4T0 (13.30C ± 3.94). After 1 year of storage only G1T1 (33.95A ± 6.35) and G3T1 (13.59BC ± 2.63) maintained the bond strength values (p ≥ 0.05), while G2T1 (10.62C ± 4.32) and G4T1 (4.49D ± 2.49) presented a decrease in this values. CONCLUSION: The hydrophobic two-step adhesive systems maintained the bond strength after 1-year water storage.
Esthetic crown lengthening: a case report
Authors: De Araújo Rodolfo José Gomes , Brilhante Felipe Vilhena , Mattos Jacy Leite , Alves Flávia Medeiros Aliverti , Do Nascimento Bruna De Fátima Soares , Peres Jéssica Paysano , De Moraes Perola Alves , Da Silva Thaís Fernandes
Published: March 2017

The periodontal plastic surgeries have been valued and sought by people who claim they want to correct “gummy smile”, which happens when one has expose more gum than teeth when smiling. There are many causes for the gummy smile, this scientific article covers four cases of altered passive eruption of the teeth with excess keratinized gingiva. The harmonic smile disturbed aesthetic is a discomfort that troubles many people, especially women. Based what has been discussed so far, this paper has as main objective report clinical cases of esthetic periodontal surgeries osteoplasty made by undergraduate students of the dentistry program. Such techniques promote a more adequate dental exposure and create anharmonical smile on the patient. The cirurgical procedures were indicated based on the analysis of the smiles. After the procedures were made, we conclude the techniques used were suitable based on the satisfaction of the patient and that they were easy to execute in order to obtain an aesthetic smile.
Effect of an erosive challenge on the enamel-composite resin interface in primary teeth: an in vitro study
Authors: Rodrigues Jonas Almeida , Assunção Cristiane Meira , Macanhão Rogério Nanini , Vieira Leila Canarin , Scarparo Angela
Published: March 2017

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether different adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse or self-etch) render enamel-composite resin interface in primary teeth more susceptible to erosive challenge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty enamel specimens from caries-free primary incisors were selected and cavities were prepared for restoration. According to adhesive protocols, specimens were divided into groups: G1 (Adper Single Bond 2), G2 (Adper SE Plus), and G3 (35% phosphoric acid + Adper SE Plus). After restorative procedures, half of the surface of enamel and restorative material was protected with nail varnish, thus, only half of the sample was subjected to the erosive challenge (immersion in Coca-Cola®, 3 cycles of 5 minutes, for 5 days). Samples were analysed quantitatively through Knoop microhardness, the indentations were made on enamel-composite interface. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (Student’s t test, two-way ANOVA, p<0.05). RESULTS: It showed that different adhesive systems did not significantly affect the percentage of superficial microhardness change after an erosive challenge (p=0.387). However, although no significant difference was observed, G2 (self-etch system) showed the lowest percentage of superficial microhardness change. CONCLUSION: The use of different adhesive systems did not influence superficial microhardness of enamel-composite interface after an erosive challenge. The incomplete removal of the smear layer, though self-etch systems, suggests a greater ability to withstand the erosive challenge on the enamel-resin interface.
Evaluation of the leakage of bleaching materials through different bases into the root canal filling: an invitro study
Authors: D'Souza Henston , Veetil Pradeep Chengarra , D'Souza Raina , Noushad M C , Faizal C P
Published: March 2017

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the leakage of bleaching agents through 3 different bases into the obturated pulp space and dentinal tubules in intra coronal bleaching. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-five freshly extracted, intact non-carious single rooted teeth were collected and stored in formalin until used. The specimen divided into experimental and control group. Experimental group were further subdivided into 3 subgroups on the base of cervical base materials. Group I was Type II GIC, Group II was Fuji II LC and Group III was Hybrid composite. The control groups was divides into negative group (received the bleaching agent and received complete external coating including access cavity) and positive control group (did not receive any external coating). The obturated pulp space were removed at a level of 3 mm below the cemento enamel junction and filled with dry cotton pellets and temporized with temporary cement, stored at ± 37°C and 100% relative humidity for five days, the bleaching material were placed in the pulp chamber (a paste of sodium perborate i.e. 0.15g and 30% hydrogen peroxide 0.05ml), and then stored for 3 days in an incubator. Later on the teeth were immersed in India ink dye and stored at ± 37°C and 100% relative humidity for 5 days. Specimens were examined under binocular microscope with a stage micrometer to analyze the degree of dye penetration. RESULTS: The minimal leakage values were observed with type II glass ionomer cement followed by light cure glass ionomer cement and lastly by hybrid composite. CONCLUSION: The present invitro investigation evaluated the microleakage observed with different cervical base materials during non-vital bleaching procedures.
Treatment time with self-ligating orthodontic brackets: a literature review
Authors: Claudino Dikson , Philippi Victor May
Published: March 2017

AIM: The aim of this study was carry out a literature review on the self-ligating brackets (SLB), identifying publications which evaluated the treatment time with these systems comparing them to the conventional brackets (CB). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The following indexing bases were researched: Medline (Medicine online – International Literature on Health Sciences), LILACS (Latin-American and Caribbean Literature on Health Science), IBECS (Spanish Bibliographic on Health Sciences), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Cochrane Library, available on the virtual librarian web site on Health of the Medicine Regional Library – BIREME (www.bireme.br). The following describers were researched: orthodontic brackets and self-ligating brackets and its correspondents in Spanish and English languages. In this study were covered the scientific researches published in the last ten years, available on their complete form. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the treatment time seems not showing clinical significant differences when compared the SLB and CB systems, and that researches as control case studies and randomized clinical trials, with rigorous methodology, should be developed to accurate investigation of concepts and results which involve the matter.
Comparative study of analgesic effectiveness of tramadol and ketorolac in the pain management of surgical removal of third molar: a randomized double blinded study
Authors: Chethan R , Ramamuthy T K , Patil Shilpa , Reddy Satheesha
Published: March 2017

AIM: Assessing the efficacy of drug in controlling pain intensity after surgical removal of impacted  mandibular third molar teeth and to compare the effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. 40 patients were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups. Group A received 50 mg of tramadol orally and Group B received 10 mg of ketorolac orally. In both groups dose was repeated for next 24 hrs. Visual analogue scale was used for the collection of pain intensity from the patients. RESULTS: The results revealed, in Group A, the analgesia started within 1 hour and reached the maximum analgesic effect in 4 hours, pain intensity was 1.8 out of 10, on visual analog scale. In Group B, analgesia started within 1hour and showed it’s maximum analgesic effect. The pain intensity was 2.5 on visual analog scale. The analgesic effect of 50 mg tramadol lasted up to 6 hours and that of ketorolac lasted for 5 hour. CONCLUSION: The study shows that 50mg tramadol is a suitable and safe analgesic for the relief of post-extraction pain and is more effective than 10mg ketorolac with prolonged analgesia and minimal side effects, we recommend studies with randomized clinical trials with larger sample size are needed it in clinical practice.
Morphological changes in the enamel that affects the bonding of brackets: a review
Authors: Pereira Lúcia Coelho Garcia , Orosco Fernando Accorsi , Coura Paulo Eduardo , Oliveira Silvio Santana de , Coura Luiz Carlos
Published: March 2017

A literature review on the existing information about bonding of orthodontic brackets on altered enamel surfaces, the influence of such surfaces on adhesion, and the most favorable conditions for achieving better bond strength is presented. Studies on bracket adhesion have identified the conditions that lead to morphological changes in enamel as dental fluorosis and dental bleaching. In this review, each of these conditions that alter the enamel surface and pose a major challenge to clinical orthodontists performing bracket bonding, will be analyzed. The literature provides a range of approaches for overcoming the challenges of bonding on altered enamel surfaces and will be discussed, taking into account, where possible, the type of adhesive selected. Adhesion on enamel that is fluorosed depends on the degree of severity and the bond strength on a bleached enamel surface depends largely on the concentration of the bleaching agent.
Prevalence of dental caries and its relationship with trace elements present in drinking water among 12 year old children in rural areas of andhra pradesh, india
Authors: Monica Matheus , Ankola Anil Vilhena , Hebbal Mamata
Published: March 2017

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship of trace elements present in drinking water and dental caries in children aged 12 years in rural areas of Andhra Pradesh India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 451children aged 12 years. Clinical examination was carried out and caries experience was recorded. Drinking water samples were collected and subjected to trace element analysis using ICP-MS equipment. Oneway ANOVA, Chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Multiple Logistic Regression were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: A statistically significant relation was found between caries and trace elements like Vanadium (p<0.001), strontium (p<0.001) and lead (p<0.01) in the drinking water. CONCLUSION: It may be postulated from this study that a mixture of trace elements such as fluorine, strontium, boron, and molybdenum may work together to retard caries.
A revitalization protocol lead to different outcomes in adjacent teeth
Authors: Patel Suhag , Zafar Salwa , Singh Abhishek , Jain Neetika , Choudhary Ronak
Published: March 2017

Regenerative Endodontic Procedures can be defined as biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures including dentin and cells of the pulp – dentin complex. The term revascularization is more commonly employed with regenerative procedures and describes reintroduction of vasculature in the root canal system. This case report describes the treatment of two nonvital immature teeth with infected pulp. Revitalization was attempted in two adjacent teeth by the same operator following similar protocol. In one of the teeth, revitalization was successful with continued root wall thickening, root lengthening and closure of the apex whereas in the adjacent tooth though root lengthening could not be achieved, a definite apical closure with irregular root wall thickening could be obtained.
Estimate of age through the analysis of x-ray of third molar and hand and wrist: case reports
Authors: De Araújo Rodolfo José Gomes , Maia Renata De Assis , Santos Jones Mota , Calandrini Carolina Amador da Silva , Takemura Roseane
Published: March 2017

The Forensic Anthropology and Forensic Dentistry, in one of its branches, aim to base skills making possible to estimate the age period for an individual, through factors such as tooth mineralization and bone development. This paper aims to report on two cases from Scientific Expertise Center - Renato Chaves, Belém- PA, where two individuals after committing crime, were referred to under 18s without supporting documents. Through data collected in the archives of the Scientific Expertise Center, an analysis of the mineralization of the teeth were made, highlighting the third molars by panoramic radiography; as well as the study of bone development of the hands and wrists of individuals through radiographs. After, the analysis was compared to surveys conducted by Nicodemos, Moraes and Médici-Filho, befitting the chronology of mineralization of permanent teeth among Brazilian citizens together with the work of Greulich-Pyle, Radiographic correlation concerning the chronology of the development of the hand and wrist. As a result of the analysis, it was obtained, for case 01, an estimated age of 17; and for case 02 the estimated age was between 18-19 years.
A case report palatal implant for molar distalization
Authors: Thiesen Guilherme , Mendes Fabiana , Do Rego Marcus Vinícius Neiva Nunes , Viecilli Amanda Frizzo , Freitas Maria Perpétua Mota
Published: March 2017

Implants obtained popularity in Orthodontics by to make easy the maximum anchorage with the minimal patient׳s compliance. In this context, osseointegrated implants has been frequently used as auxiliaries of orthodontic treatments, substituting in some cases inter maxillaries elastics and extra oral appliances. These implants show as advantage a independence in opposite the patient׳s compliance, the anchorage possibility in periodontal loss cases, over there an esthetic improvement and the comfort propitiated, showing more expected results. This article approach the orthodontic treatment of a clinic case of Class II, division 1 malocclusion, non-extraction accomplished and with palatal implant to distalization of latter teeth.
Oral manifestations presented by patientes attended at stomatology clinic of the University of Southern Santa Catarina
Authors: De Medeiros Gláucia Helena Faraco , Boscato Ricardo Mickielin
Published: March 2017

AIM: Determining the prevalence of oral minfestations in patients treated at the Stomatology Clinic of the University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: It consisted of a retrospective study conducted in 2014, with 145 medical records of patients seen at the Stomatology clinic in the period of 2010 to 2014. Through a survey form prepared by the authors the normal variations, oral lesions, biopsies performed, histopathologic diagnoses and the correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnoses were registered. RESULTS: The data was then organized in a spreadsheet and descriptively analyzed by simple occurrence counting. Of the 145 records analyzed, 57 were from men and 88 were from women. Their age ranged between 12 and 76 years, with an average age of 47 years and eight months. Among the normal variations, the Fordyce granules were observed in 20.59% (34). The fibrous hyperplasia were the pathology most frequent, 23, 5% (20). The total number of biopsies was 35, and the correlation between the clinical and histological diagnoses was 65.71% (23), in particular for inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia and leukoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The main variation of normality was the Fordyce beads while the inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was the main pathology diagnosed.
Surgical management of plexiform ameloblastoma: a case report
Authors: Harsh Ashutosh , Purohit Pragya , Purohit N C , Adlakha Twisha
Published: March 2017

Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally invasive neoplasm of odontogenic epithelium. Patients usually present late after the tumor achieves considerable size to cause facial disfigurement. Diagnosis made mainly from tissue biopsy. The challenges in the management of this tumor are to provide complete excision as recurrence rate is high. Reconstruct the bony defect in order to give reasonable cosmetic and functional outcome to the patient.
Estimation and comparision of serum β2-microglobulin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia
Authors: Agrawal Bhavana , Mody R N , Tadas Arun
Published: March 2017

Aim: To estimate and compare serum β2-microglobulin levels in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with that of control group.Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 70 subjects divided into three groups (20 oral leukoplakia patients, 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 20 controls). Serum β2-microglobulin was estimated by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: A significant increase in serum levels of β2-microglobulin was observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients as compared to control group.Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that estimation of serum β2-microglobulin can be useful in as biomarker for diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Bilateral gemination of maxillary permanent incisors: a case report
Authors: Singh Pooja , Jha Manish , Mutha Animesh , Bahar Kirti
Published: March 2017

Developmental dental disorders may be due to anomalies in tooth number, size, shape and structure. Gemination and fusion are anomalies of shape with close similarity but with different etiology. Gemination and fusion are anomalies of shape with close similarity but with different etiology. The etiology of germination is not fully understood environmental factors such as trauma, vitamin deficiencies, systemic diseases and certain genetic predisposition have been suggested as possible causes. A 9 year old male patient reported to the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry Dr R Ahmed Dental College & Hospital with the chief complaint of unaesthetic upper front teeth on clinical examination. It was found that the upper central incisors were markedly large in size with buccolingual grooves present partially separating two halves of crown. The incisors were caries free and there was no history of pain or any discomfort. Since the roots were not completely formed the patient was kept on follow up for the treatment to be delivered.
Information regarding use of rotary nickel -titanium endodontic instruments among general dental practitioners: a questionnaire survey
Authors: Meel Ritu , Raisingani Deepak , Prasad Ashwini , Mathur Rachit , Madan Nidha , Somani Namita
Published: March 2017

Aim: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain information on the use of rotary nickel –titanium endodontic instruments was conducted among General Dental Practioner A two sectioned questionnaire was mailed to 200 randomly general practioners to obtain information on usage of Nickel –Titanium endodontic instrument and data was collected.Results: Forty-six percent of the general practioners had used rotary NiTi instruments. 76% dentists use NiTi files for five or more times a week. Most of the dentist used NiTi file coronally &apically. General dentists experienced more file fracture at size 20 and 25 with 0.02 and 0.04 taper.Conclusions: Dentists are familiar with limitations of NiTi instruments and techniques. Current study showed the awareness of dentists about benefits of NiTi rotary instruments application comparing to traditional techniques and also the high percent usage of these instruments among general dentists.
A case series of unusual root canal morphology
Authors: Ajith Rakhi , C Noushad M , T Jamsheed E , Askar Muhammad
Published: March 2017

Aim: The thorough knowledge of tooth morphology and its variations is essential for successful endodontic treatment.Case report: This article reports an unusual root canal configuration that was detected in a maxillary central incisor with two root canals , mandibular canine with two canals and mandibular canine with two roots and  root canals.Conclusions: These case reports  increase  the awareness of clinicians on variations in the root canal anatomy so that complete  disinfection and obturation of the root canal system is possible.