bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Position and Lumen Geometry at the Origin of External Carotid Artery in Human Adult Cadavers
Authors:   Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Mamatha academy of medical sciences, Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Pushyami Peruri  , P.V.Chandrika  ,   Associate professor, Dept of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sajja Keerthi Vathsalya  ,   Tutor, Department of Anatomy, Mamatha Academy of Medical Sciences, Bachupally Hyderabad, India., B.Naveen Kumar  ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Mamatha academy of medical sciences , Bachupally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Published: December 2024

Background: External carotid artery is the predominant source of blood supply to the structures in the head and neck region. Morphological anomalies in the external and internal carotid arteries may lead to severe complications, when radiographic evaluations and surgical proceedings are done in the neck without any prior knowledge. Normal arterial diameters of external carotid arteries were important in-patient selection, preoperative planning, and design of new endovascular devices for arterial reconstruction.
Material and Methods: A descriptive study was performed on 60 formalin fixed male and female Human adult cadavers, aged between 45 to 75 yrs in the department of Anatomy, Dr.Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research foundation, chinoutapalli and Mamatha academy of medical sciences, Hyderabad , during the academic years, 2018- 2023 during the academic years . Observations from both right and left external carotid arteries (total- 120 sides) were noted.
Results: In the present study, positions of external carotid artery observed were, antero-medial in 90%, anterolateral in 6.66% and lateral position in 3.33% of cases. The mean ± standard deviation calculated for the diameter of lumen at the origin of external carotid artery on the right side was 0.623±0.048 cm and on the left side was 0.608±0.050cm. For both right and left sides was 0.616±0.049cm.
Conclusion: Positional variations of external carotid artery observed in the present study were anterolateral and lateral positions. In such cases Carotid endarterectomy can be safely done, after transposing the internal carotid artery to normal location. Data on normal arterial diameters were helpful during reconstructive surgeries and manufacture of endovascular devices, respective to different ethnic groups.
KEYWORDS: Common Carotid Artery, Carotid Artery External, Positional Variations, Lumen Geometry, Carotid Endarterectomy.
Morphometric Analysis of Vertebral Artery in the Scaleno Vertebral Triangle
Authors:   Professor of Anatomy, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, India., Rajesh B  , Rahe R  ,   Professor of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India, Durga Devi G  ,   Professor& HOD of Anatomy , Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India, Krishnaveni Sharath  ,   Professor of Anatomy, Madha Medical College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India, Jinu Merlin Koshy  ,   Associate Professor of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: December 2024

Background: The vertebral arteries (VA) play a vital role in supplying blood to the brainstem and cerebellum. Vertebral artery anomalies, including abnormal origins, courses, and structural irregularities, heighten the risk of cerebrovascular events. Typically, the vertebral arteries arise from the posterosuperior aspect of the first part of the subclavian artery. The aim of this study is to present the presence of variation in the origin of vertebral artery
Material and Methods: Twenty-eight embalmed cadavers allotted for 1st year MBBS dissection in the Department of Anatomy were used for the study. The triangle of vertebral artery was exposed in all the cadavers, and examined the origin of vertebral artery. Dimensions of the Triangle of Vertebral artery (TVA) and vertebral artery were then measured using a digital vernier caliper and the area and height of the TVA were calculated.
Result: In the present study, we have evaluated the morphometric parameters of the TVA and vertebral artery. Even though there were no noticeable differences in the boundaries of TVA of both sides, the morphometric parameters showed slight difference in the measurements, but not significant. Among the 28 cadavers the unilateral origin of VA in one cadaver was from the arch of aorta between the left common carotid artery (LCA) and left subclavian artery (LSCA) .
Discussion & Conclusion: The mean height of TVA was 26.3mm (range, 23.7-33.7 mm) on the left and 26.2mm (range, 23.5-32.8 mm) on the right. In the current study it was observed the origin of VA from the arch of aorta between the left common carotid artery (LCA) and left subclavian artery (LSCA). The current study found that 3.6% of the variations in the origin of VA. This study highlights the variation in the origin of the vertebral artery and accentuates the importance of identifying these variations in clinical practice.
KEYWORDS: Vertebral Artery, Subclavian artery, Arch of Aorta, foramen transversarium.
Fractal Analysis of Chest Radiographs Using Image-J-FIJI Software- A Pilot Study
Authors:   Postgraduate, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Kadugondanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Pooja I Shettannavar  , Dishitha Kopoori  ,   Medical Student, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Vivek Chail  ,   Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital Kadugondanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Vasudha Kulkarni  ,   Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Published: December 2024

Background: Lung vasculature has nutritive and functional roles. Unlike the bronchial tree which branches dichotomously into twenty-one generations, the pulmonary arteries give supernumerary branches to perfuse the neighboring parenchyma. The pulmonary arteries additionally branch for five more generations than airways before forming capillaries. Further pulmonary veins are interlobular in position. Hence the characterization quantifying the pulmonary vascular networks is challenging. Objective: In this study, we assessed the pulmonary vasculature in chest radiographs using the fractal analysis method on Image-J-Fiji software.
Design: Cross-sectional study
Settings: Patients referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Participants: One hundred and thirty-two chest radiographs of normal healthy individuals (aged 2 months to 80 years) were photographed. Each of these images was processed in the Image-J-Fiji software. A box-counting algorithm quantified the images. Data results of the fractal dimensions were validated at the probability of significance [0.05].
Results: The mean fractal dimension of the pulmonary vasculature was 1.39. For males and females, the Pearson's correlation coefficient between the fractal dimension and age in years was 0.102 and 0.16, respectively. In males, a chi-square value of 0.58, in females, a chi-square value of 1.03, degree of freedom 2 and critical value of p-value 0.05, showed the relation was statistically not significant. Comparison between fractal dimension and Gender using Cramer’s V test in males, 0.066, and in females, 0.088, indicates a weak association between fractal dimension and gender.
Conclusion: The applicability of the fractal dimensions is to screen the high risks of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The determination of fractal values helps evaluate the complexity of lung tumors. The baseline data concerning fractal properties of pulmonary vasculature obtained from this study helps to evaluate lung diseases like emphysema and vascular abnormalities during the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
KEYWORDS: Chest Radiograph, Image Analysis, Fractal dimension, Pulmonary vasculature.
Editorial 2024: Architecture, Activism, Agency
Authors: Martin Samantha L.
Published: December 2024

Can a journal of architectural history serve as an agent of activism? As it reached its 10th anniversary, Architectural Histories moved from being a newer publication in the discipline to an established academic community and driver of innovative approaches to scholarship. This editorial assesses its contribution to the ethos of Open Access and recent work to cultivate more inclusive working practices in the field.
Preposition omission in French interrogative sluices: empirical findings and theoretical implications
Authors: Hassen Amal , Abeillé Anne
Published: December 2024

Many non-P(reposition) stranding languages have been shown to allow P-omission under sluicing (Sag & Nykiel 2011; Nykiel 2013a; Molimpakis 2019), thus challenging Merchant’s (2001) generalization, which derives P-omission in sluices from P-stranding. French is still an open issue: while Merchant (2001) claims it does not allow P-omission, Rodrigues et al. (2009) provide an example, with a cleft-based derivation. In two experimental studies we show that P-omission in French sluices is acceptable and is sensitive to the remnant type, with both à ‘to’ and de ‘of’. Through the analysis of a large (written) corpus, we also show that P-omission in French sluices is the preferred option, as in English (Nykiel 2017), and identify the factors favoring it. Our findings confirm the role of cognitive and information-based cues in P-omission under sluicing (Nykiel & Hawkins 2020) and suggest a non-deletion fragment-based analysis (Ginzburg & Sag 2000; Sag & Nykiel 2011).
Reconfiguración de la identidad en el diseño latinoamericano Post-COVID-19: respuestas frente a la hiperculturalidad
Authors: Kim Eliana
Published: December 2024

Este estudio analiza el impacto de la pandemia y los discursos globales de la diversidad en la filosofía y la práctica del diseño en Latinoamérica durante el período with-corona (2022-2023). La investigación se basa en el análisis de las resonancias y transformaciones en las prácticas de diseño de cincuenta profesionales latinoamericanos, quienes fueron entrevistados para las plataformas digitales de divulgación de diseño Naver Design Press y Typography Seoul de la República de Corea, entre noviembre de 2022 y noviembre de 2023. A través de la metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas, se buscó comprender cómo los discursos globales y los cambios en la vida cotidiana han influido en la práctica del diseño, y se intentó identificar cómo se ha transformado la percepción y valoración de la identidad del diseño en la región. Los resultados evidenciaron que, en el contexto post-pandémico, el diseño latinoamericano se encuentra en una fase de evolución que se caracteriza por la dialéctica entre la hiperculturalidad y el agotamiento de los contenidos del diseño moderno occidental, lo que ha dejado espacio para la manifestación de “la otredad”. Este nuevo escenario ha permitido la expresión de perspectivas alternativas, distanciándose del auto-exoticismo colonial. Los diseñadores entrevistados han mostrado una reflexión más profunda sobre la relación entre el diseño y la identidad regional, indicando una resiliencia y adaptabilidad que sitúan al diseño latinoamericano en una posición favorable para contribuir al diálogo global sobre diseño. El estudio concluye que el diseño en la región, impulsado por una rica herencia cultural y un compromiso con la innovación y la responsabilidad social, se está consolidando como un actor clave en la discusión global sobre el futuro del diseño.
Estrategias creativas en el diseño de marcas gráficas basadas en una paradoja comunicativa
Authors: Jiménez Gómez Isidro , Bonales Daimiel Gema , Suárez Carballo Fernando
Published: December 2024

En identidad visual, los identificadores constituyen un elemento fundamental en la comunicación de los valores intangibles de la marca. En su creación, las decisiones sintácticas están frecuentemente alineadas con el plano conceptual y existe una armonía entre las expresiones verbales y gráficas; en cambio, cuando no se da esta correspondencia, se produce una suerte de disonancia comunicativa que, en el ámbito de la retórica, se denomina paradoja. Este artículo busca estudiar las respuestas creativas de un conjunto de estudiantes ante este conflicto; para ello, se recurre a una muestra de 246 participantes de tres universidades distribuidos en dos grupos, que deben ofrecer una solución visual a una empresa de mensajería denominada Tortuga (situación de paradoja) o Gacela (coherencia). Mediante variables demográficas, icónicas, plásticas y lingüísticas, los resultados muestran la necesidad de un mayor esfuerzo creativo en los casos de paradoja visual; la existencia de numerosas afinidades icónicas, como evidencian unas propuestas gráficas basadas habitualmente en la representación de los animales y la continua alusión a la velocidad; una cierta influencia del tipo de soporte (impreso o digital) en la adopción de una determinada estrategia y estilo; y, finalmente, una mayor capacidad de innovación por parte de los individuos de mayor edad o experiencia, de las mujeres y en aquellos procesos que permiten una mayor reflexión.
La sala de cine en Bogotá. Relaciones formales desde la cultura, la ciudad y la técnica
Authors: Rojas Farías Ricardo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo principal del texto es profundizar sobre el valor objetual de la arquitectura del teatro y del cine en el centro de Bogotá, para actualizar la noción de forma con base en la tríada: cultura, ciudad y técnica. Es uno de los productos derivados de la investigación, ya finalizada, titulada Cinemas capitales: la arquitectura para la exhibición de cine en las capitales del mundo; caso Bogotá. El texto se construye a partir de la mirada que clasifica y agrupa una muestra de 45 teatros y salas de cine de la ciudad, construidos entre los años 1890 y 2000. El cuerpo del escrito aborda el papel en la concepción, no solamente cultural, sino también urbana y técnica, del edificio teatral y de proyección cinematográfica en la ciudad de Bogotá en el siglo XX.
Elementos conceptuales y tecnológicos para la creación de Univerzoom, una narración en realidad aumentada para la divulgación científica en astrofísica
Authors: Ealo Otero Luis Carlos
Published: December 2024

Este artículo propone explorar las oportunidades narrativas de la realidad aumentada para la comunicación de la ciencia en temas relacionados con la astrofísica, mediante la identificación de algunos elementos conceptuales y tecnológicos de la realidad aumentada que permitan la creación de una narrativa inmersiva interactiva. Para lograr esto, se analizan dos marcos conceptuales: los cinco componentes de Maze (2006) y las tres características de Azuma (1997). Los componentes de Maze (2006) abordan la narrativa en espacios virtuales e incluyen; el trasfondo, la superposición narrativa, el entorno, la navegación y la interacción. Las características de Azuma (1997) abordan el componente tecnológico de la realidad aumentada y se refieren a la combinación del mundo real con el virtual, la interactividad en tiempo real y la tridimensionalidad. Además, se realiza un análisis de diez obras en diferentes formatos que abarcan experiencias de realidad aumentada, aplicaciones interactivas, series de televisión y películas relacionadas con los ejes temáticos de interés para este proyecto, de los cuales se identifican siete elementos clave para crear una narrativa inmersiva en estas condiciones. Estos últimos se enmarcan en: proporcionar instrucciones claras al usuario a través de un tutorial, el uso de personajes para transmitir la historia, la planificación de la duración de la narración, la inclusión de elementos lúdicos y exploratorios, el diseño de estrategias de navegabilidad corporal para guiar al usuario, el valor comunicativo de los componentes gráficos y el potencial auditivo. Finalmente, se concluye que la realidad aumentada ofrece nuevas oportunidades para la narrativa y la comunicación científica, además se brinda un marco teórico y práctico para guiar el diseño de experiencias inmersivas utilizando esta tecnología.
Techniques for collagen extraction and optimization of Hydrolysis from animal waste: A bibliometric review
Authors: Castillo Mendez Lucero , Alvarez Lucas Leticia
Published: December 2024

Este estudio se centró en la extracción de colágeno a partir de residuos de pavo, evaluando su potencial como materia prima sostenible para aplicaciones biomédicas y tecnológicas. Se aplicó un enfoque metodológico basado en el análisis de parámetros críticos como tiempo, temperatura y pH para optimizar el rendimiento y la calidad del colágeno obtenido. La investigación incluyó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, utilizando bases de datos como Scopus y herramientas bibliométricas como VosViewer y Bibliometrix para analizar publicaciones clave entre 2018 y 2024. Los resultados mostraron que la extracción de colágeno a partir de residuos animales no solo ofrece una solución ecológica, sino que también presenta una viabilidad significativa para la industria, con aplicaciones que van desde la biomedicina hasta la cosmética. La optimización de los procesos de extracción y la adopción de prácticas sostenibles fueron identificadas como elementos esenciales para maximizar la eficiencia y calidad del colágeno, promoviendo así el aprovechamiento de recursos infrautilizados y reduciendo el impacto ambiental asociado.
18a Escola d'Estiu del Camp de Tarragona
Authors: De Redacció Consell
Published: December 2024

Aquesta nova edició es farà a la ciutat de Tarragona, més en concret al Col·legi Saavedra, i es durà a terme durant els dies 1 al 5 de juliol. El projecte preveu una Escola d'Estiu monogràfica, amb el tema de les sortides, tractades específicament a l'Educació Infantil, l'Educació Primària i l'ensenyament Secundari. El programa es complementarà amb sortides pràctiques.
Cochlear implantation in patients with advanced otosclerosis who had previously undergone stapedotomy or stapedectomy
Authors: Skarżyński Piotr H. , Pastuszak Andrzej , Gos Elżbieta , Lorens Artur , Kołodziejak Aleksandra , Obrycka Anita , Porowski Marek , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: December 2024

Wprowadzenie

Z uwagi na brak skutecznego leczenia farmakologicznego otosklerozy, leczeniem z wyboru jest postępowanie chirurgiczne. Polega ono na chirurgii strzemiączka, która obecnie najczęściej ma postać stapedotomii. Stosuje się również aparatowanie. Jednak w otosklerozie niedosłuch ma charakter postępujący i pomimo że stapedotomia w większości przypadków zatrzymuje lub spowalnia proces chorobowy, to w niektórych przypadkach zyski z leczenia z czasem stają się niewystarczające. Zaawansowana otoskleroza może prowadzić do głębokiego niedosłuchu o charakterze zmysłowo-odbiorczym lub mieszanym i wymagać wszczepienia implantu ślimakowego. Celem pracy jest ocena wyników słuchowych u pacjentów z zaawansowaną otosklerozą, u których wcześniej wykonano stapedotomię lub stapedektomię, a obecnie poddano implantacji ślimakowej.

Materiał i metody

Badana grupa liczyła 19 pacjentów (16 kobiet i 3 mężczyzn) z zaawansowaną otosklerozą. W przeszłości wykonano u nich stapedotomię lub stapedektomię, a obecnie zostali poddani implantacji ślimakowej. Wykonano u nich tomografię komputerową, określono progi słyszenia za pomocą audiometrii tonalnej, wykonano audiometrię słowną w swobodnym polu akustycznym.

Wyniki

Średnio progi słyszenia przed operacją wynosiły około 108 dB HL dla przewodnictwa powietrznego, a progi przewodnictwa kostnego znajdowały się na granicy wydolności audiometru. Rozumienie mowy przed operacją, badane w dopasowanych aparatach
słuchowych, było bardzo niskie, przeciętnie wynosiło 6,6%. Po operacji rozumienie mowy, badane w aktywnym implancie, znacząco się poprawiło – wynosiło średnio 67,9% w ciszy i 43,8% w szumie.

Wnioski

Implantacja ślimakowa w zaawansowanej otosklerozie zapewnia satysfakcjonujące wyniki. Pacjenci, u których wykonano stapedotomię lub stapedektomię, ale ich słuch w miarę upływu czasu znacząco pogorszył się, mogą osiągnąć dobre rozumienie mowy dzięki implantacji ślimakowej.
Stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (tVNS) in tinnitus therapy – current reports
Authors: Buczek Katarzyna , Skarżyński Piotr H. , Raj-Koziak Danuta
Published: December 2024

Wprowadzenie

Szumy uszne (ang. tinnitus) to odczucie dźwięku przy braku bodźca akustycznego w otoczeniu. Najczęściej mają charakter subiektywny. Dużym wyzwaniem jest terapia szumów usznych, ze względu na brak jednej metody, która byłaby skuteczna w odniesieniu do całej grupy pacjentów. Obecnie podejmuje się próby stymulacji nerwu błędnego w celu uzyskania efektu redukcji odczuwanych szumów usznych. Celem pracy jest ocena wyników zastosowania metody przezskórnej stymulacji gałęzi usznej nerwu błędnego (tVNS) w terapii szumów usznych w populacji ludzkiej na podstawie przeglądu dostępnych publikacji.

Materiał i metody

Przeszukano internetowe medyczne bazy danych (PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE). Znaleziono siedem artykułów opisujących badania podstawowe: prospektywne badanie quasi-eksperymentalne (badanie pre- i postinterwencyjne); randomizowane kontrolowane badanie kliniczne; badanie interwencyjne, nierandomizowane, prospektywne, kontrolowane; cztery prospektywne badania kohortowe.

Wnioski

Wyniki badań są rozbieżne, co nie pozwala na zajęcie rozstrzygającego stanowiska. Efekt działania tVNS na szumy uszne nadal nie jest jednoznaczny. Konieczne są dalsze badania w celu opracowania optymalnych parametrów stymulacji gałęzi usznej nerwu błędnego oraz określenia korzyści z zastosowania metody tVNS w leczeniu szumów usznych.
Type of hearing loss in patients with mobile third window phenomenon (TMW) as a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Śpiewak Przemysław , Śpiewak Michalina , Piechocki Marcin
Published: December 2024

Wprowadzenie

Do zjawiska trzeciego okienka dochodzi, gdy pomiędzy prawidłowymi okienkami ucha wewnętrznego ( UW) pojawia się patologiczne trzecie, przez które ucieka energia z UW, co skutkuje niedosłuchem. Niedosłuch w zespole trzeciego okienka (ZTO), mimo widocznego odstępu między krzywymi przewodnictwa powietrznego i kostnego audiogramu, nie spełnia kryteriów niedosłuchu przewodzeniowego. O braku przeszkód na drodze przewodzenia dźwięku świadczą: wysokie potencjały VEMP i absorbancja, oraz rejestracja odruchu z mięśnia strzemiączkowego lub otoemisji, a także prawidłowy kształt tympanogramu. Odstęp pomiędzy krzywymi audiogramu jest spowodowany tutaj większą różnicą impedancji pomiędzy okienkami ucha wewnętrznego, a nie przeszkodą w obszarze ucha środkowego lub zewnętrznego. W ZTO podwyższenie progu słuchu jest spowodowane utratą energii fali wędrującej, a nie jak w przypadku niedosłuchu czuciowo- nerwowego uszkodzeniem komórek receptora. Świadczą o tym rejestracje otoemisji i ECoG. Celem pracy jest wskazanie szczególnych cech niedosłuchu w ZTO, które odróżniają ten niedosłuch zarówno od niedosłuchu przewodzeniowego, jak i czuciowo-nerwowego.

Materiał i metody

12 pacjentów poradni audiologiczno-foniatrycznej diagnozowanych w latach 2010–2023, u których potwierdzono zespół trzeciego okienka badaniami audiologicznymi, tj. próbą Rinnego (próbami stroikowymi), audiometrią tonalną, audiometrią impedancyjną, DPOAE, cVEMP, i/lub badaniami obrazowymi (NMR, TK).

Wyniki

U wszystkich pacjentów z ZTO zarejestrowano: ujemną próbę Rinnego, wyraźny odstęp pomiędzy krzywymi przewodnictwa powietrznego i kostnego w audiometrii tonalnej dla niższych częstotliwości (przeważnie do 2,0 kHz), wyraźne cVEMP, wysoką absorbancję przy tympanogramach typu A lub C, a także u niektórych pacjentów – odruch z mięśnia strzemiączkowego lub DPOAE. U 5 pacjentów potwierdzono przetoki kanałów półkolistych górnych (SSCD). U 2 pacjentów rozpoznano X-linked stapes gusher syndrome. U pozostałych rozpoznanie ZTO postawiono wyłącznie na podstawie badań audiologicznych.

Wnioski

1) U pacjentów z zespołem trzeciego okienka (ZTO) wyraźny odstęp pomiędzy krzywymi dla przewodnictwa powietrznego nie jest spowodowany – w przeciwieństwie do niedosłuchu przewodzeniowego – przeszkodą w konwekcji sygnału do ucha wewnętrznego
zlokalizowaną w uchu środkowym lub zewnętrznym, lecz większą różnicą impedancji pomiędzy fizjologicznymi okienkami UW. 2) Różnicowanie ZTO z otosklerozą ma znaczenie praktyczne, ponieważ wykonanie stapedotomii w najlepszym przypadku nie przyniesie
w tym schorzeniu poprawy słuchu. 3) Pacjenci niedosłyszący z ZTO zazwyczaj nie akceptują aparatów słuchowych na przewodnictwo kostne z powodu występującej nadwrażliwości na wibracje kości czaszki. 4) Z powodu istotnych różnic audiologicznych pomiędzy
niedosłuchem w ZTO a niedosłuchem przewodzeniowym i niedosłuchem czuciowo-nerwowym proponuje się wyróżnienie trzeciego typu niedosłuchu związanego z ZTO.
Soul Animasyon Film Mekânlarının Paradigmatik ve Sentagmatik Bağlamda Göstergebilimsel Analizi
Authors: Demirci Cemre , Kavut İsmail Emre
Published: December 2024

Mekân göstergebilimi, mekânın temel elemanları ile özneye anlatı yöntemlerini ve anlamlandırma sürecini incelemektedir. Birçok göstergebilimsel metodoloji gibi, mekân göstergebiliminde de farklı kuram ve yöntemler mevcuttur. Çalışma, mekân göstergebilimi çerçevesinde sinema mekânlarının tasarımını değerlendirerek, bu tasarımların izleyici üzerindeki anlam ve etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle göstergebilimin kapsamı ve temel yöntemleri ele alınmış, ardından kurgusal mekânda göstergebilim konusu literatür araştırmasıyla okuyucuya sunulmuştur. Çalışmada, Soul animasyon filminin mekânları, göstergebilimin kurucu isimlerinden Ferdinand de Saussure'ün kuramı temel alınarak analiz edilmiş, mekânların türleri ve filmin genel anlatısı bağlamında işlenen metaforlar incelenmiştir. Filmde yer alan somut ve soyut mekânlar arasındaki tasarım farklılıklarının ve bu mekânların izleyiciye ilettiği mesajların çözümlenmesi, çalışmanın temel problemini oluşturmaktadır. Filmin geniş bir izleyici kitlesine hitap etmesi, soyut kavramların temel görsel temsil yöntemleriyle nasıl aktarıldığını incelemek için uygun bir zemin oluşturmuştur. Çalışma, somut mekânların fiziksel unsurların birer göstergeye dönüşmesi ile oluştuğunu, soyut mekânların ise kültürel belleğe dayalı paradigmatik unsurlarla anlam kazandığını göstermektedir.
Makale, kurgusal mekânlarda göstergebilimsel yaklaşımları örnek bir animasyon filmi üzerinden okuyarak, kurgusal mekânlarda göstergebilimsel yöntemlere sistematik bir yaklaşım sunma amacı taşımaktadır. Çalışmada yer alan mekân analizlere, şematik ifadeler ile aşamalı bir biçimde ilerleyerek çözümlenmiştir. Makale, mekân göstergebilimine, Saussure’ün temeline aldığı paradigma ve sentagma kavramlarını dahil ederek, kurgusal mekânların anlam üretim süreçlerini bu kavramlar ışığında incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.
Effect of DNA freezing on long-read sequencing in butterflies v1
Authors: J. Lafon Berenice , Chevalier Emmanuelle , L. Reboud Eliette , Tilak Marie-Ka , L. Condamine Fabien
Published: December 2024

High molecular weight DNA extractions are a key step in the sequencing of long DNA fragments. As part of a project to sequence reference genomes for genera in the family Papilionidae, we extracted and sequenced several DNAs from non-model species. For one of these, Graphium doson, the DNA extraction from a living individual resulted in high molecular weight DNA, but sequencing using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) provided an N50 of around 3.3 kb. We expected an N50 of more than 10 kb, as indicated on our agarose gels. A year later, in an attempt to increase the amount of data for this genus, we repeated the sequencing run and obtained an N50 of around 7.7 kb. The difference between the first and second sequencing runs was that the DNA has been stored in a -20°C freezer. We therefore hypothesised that the freezing of the DNA had an effect on the sequencing result. To test this hypothesis, we performed several tests with another species, Graphium antiphates, to quantify the difference in N50 obtained with and without this freezing step after DNA extraction. Based on our results, we found a significant difference in N50 suggesting that freezing DNA extractions before DNA library preparations and ONT sequencing increase read lengths. Although we have only thoroughly tested the effect of freezing over non-freezing DNA from a single sample, we strongly recommend that ONT users freeze their DNA extractions for a few days (i.e. 2-3 days) after DNA extraction to maximize read lengths.
JÓZEF BURSZTA AND VICTORIA YUZVENKO (TO THE HISTORY OF POLISH-UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC INTERACTIONS)
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, NAS of Ukraine, Golovatiuk Valentyna
Published: December 2024

Polish-Ukrainian scientific relations in the 60s and 70s of the 20th century are highlighted in the article as a result of the research of archival documents, in particular the epistolary. An important role in establishing these ties belonged to the Polish scientist Józef Burszta and the Ukrainian scientist Victoria Yuzvenko. Attention is paid to the scientific activity and work of both scientists. The scientists were united by common interests and ideas, largely related to the figure of O. Kohlberg, the publication of his works, namely the Ukrainian volumes. The contribution of J. Burszta to the publication of O. Kohlberg’s unique source-historical heritage is emphasized. The main directions and forms of cooperation between the Polish Ethnological Society, the Editorial Board of the Complete Edition of Kohlberg’s Works and the Slavic Folklore Department of the Institute of Art History, Folklore and Ethnology named after M. T. Rylskyi National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It is noted that this particular period was quite fruitful in reviving ties between institutions and establishing personal contacts between scientists. This was facilitated by the active participation of scientists in international scientific events, which enabled the exchange of ideas and contributed to the activation of scientific life, the expansion of the topics of scientific research of Ukrainian scientists in particular. Consultations were provided regarding the publication of Ukrainian volumes by Oskar Kohlberg, mutual exchange of scientific works took place, and coordination of scientific research was carried out. The epistolary significantly enriches the page on the history of long-term Polish-Ukrainian scientific contacts, provides an opportunity to detail a number of facts and events that took place in the scientific life of scientists of both countries, and is a valuable source for studying the history of Ukrainian Slavic studies. In the future, the cooperation between the institutions contributed to the development of joint scientific projects, as well as the coverage of current problems of traditional and modern folkloristics in the pages of Polish and Ukrainian magazines.
Extrato pirolenhoso no tratamento de sementes de feijão macassar
Authors: Antonio de Almeida Fernandes , Gabriel Lima de Souza José , Matias de Oliveira Augusto , Lima Fonseca Wéverson , Lúcia Tiburtino Leite Maria , Martins Carvalho Rezanio
Published: December 2024

A qualidade das sementes é um fator limitante na produção agrícola, principalmente a sanidade, pois as mesmas são o meio mais comum de disseminação de patógenos. Para neutralizar os efeitos danosos de diferentes patógenos às sementes, os produtores empregam defensivos químicos, o que pode acarretar sérios riscos, tanto humanos quanto ambientais. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o potencial do extrato pirolenhoso na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de feijão macassar. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com oito tratamentos, sendo: seis concentrações do extrato pirolenhoso (10, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%) e duas testemunhas, água e o fungicida Captan® (240 g 100 kg-1). Os testes sanitários e fisiológicos foram realizados de acordo com as regras para análises de sementes. O extrato pirolenhoso, em especial na concentração de 80%, apresentou atividade antifúngica, sem interferir na qualidade fisiológica das sementes e anatômica das plântulas de feijão macassar.
Soil chemical and physical attributes in an area with single maize and intercropped with Panicum maximum
Authors: Alves Lopes Izabely , Moraes Tavares Rose Luiza , Vasconcelos de Paiva Filho Silvio , Cardozo Gonçalves Cantão Veridiana , Brucceli Ivan Roberto , Matias de Oliveira Augusto
Published: December 2024

In the Cerrado Biom, a commonly used intercropping is between corn species and Urochloa, however, there are alternative grasses able to improve the corn intercropping, such as those of genus Panicum. Studies show that diversified crop rotation improves the efficiency of the agricultural system. Thus, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of the corn (Zea mays) and Zuri grass (Panicum maximum BRS Zuri) grown in the monoculture or intercropped under conditions with and without soil scarification in chemical and physical soil attributes. For this, an area under Red Oxisoil was used, in which part was scarified up to 30 cm deep and the other was not. In February 2020, corn and Zuri grass were planted in cultivar sole system or intercropped between the two species in compacted and scarified area, creating six evaluation areas. After the crop cycle, with corn harvest and Zuri grass crushing, soil sampling was carried out for evaluations at five points in each area. Corn in monoculture had lower soil moisture and greater resistance to penetration. And the soil without scarification had a higher C stock. The results showed that the Zuri grass using after soil revolving can be applied as a management strategy, looking to dry mass accumulation, bigger carbon stock and soil porosity, improving soil conditions for the summer crop. Besides that, the intercropped used improves the chemical soil conditions.
A Concept, Prerequisites and Procedure for Making a Lease Agreement for Objects of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Sbitnev V. S.
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the distinctive features of the terms of the lease agreement for objects of cultural heritage (OCH), as well as the procedure for its conclusion. Special attention is paid to the subject of the contract — objects of cultural heritage, security obligation, price and a term of the contract. It is noted that an essential condition of the OCH lease agreement is a security obligation, which must be incorporated into the agreement. The author explains the peculiarity of the term for the execution of the lease agreement of the OCH that means the fact that the legislator has provided for the possibility of transferring OCHs in unsatisfactory condition immediately for a maximum period of 49 years. The author notes that such a term condition allows making the contract more investment attractive to potential tenants. It is concluded that the lease agreement for cultural heritage objectshas a dual legal nature and is an atypical form of civil legal relations. The author proposes his own concept of a lease agreement for cultural heritage objects.
Legal Regulation of Redomiciliation: Current Trends and Foreign Experience
Authors: Chistyakova Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

The paper examines the history of the emergence of the institution of redomiculation and its development, as well as the legal reasons for its formation. The author carries out a comparative analysis of the legal institution of redomiciliation in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Cyprus and the British Virgin Islands. The paper also elucidates the experience of Great Britain in preparing for the legalization of the institution of redomiculation. The author examines the current legal features of implementation of redomiciliation in the legal field of the Russian Federation in the modern political and legal reality, analyzes the legal benefits provided to redomiciled companies, highlight the experience of Russian companies in their application. The author describes practical difficulties and current trends in the implementation of the redomiciliation procedure in the Russian Federation, taking into account external sanctions pressure. The paper provides recommendations to support redomiciliation. Proposals are formulated to improve the redomiciliation procedure in the Russian Federation. The concept of the redomiciliation procedure is described with due regard to the analysis of the above-described features of this legal institution.
Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Regional Trade Agreements: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Volkova A. A.
Published: December 2024

The paper examines various types of mechanisms for resolving interstate disputes provided for by regional trade agreements and provides a typology of them. It is noted that modern regional trade agreements are evolving towards the use of independent judicial or arbitration mechanisms that issue binding decisions on disputes, with ad hoc arbitration tribunals leading by a significant margin. In practice, however, the proliferation of regional trade agreements has not led to an increase in the number of trade disputes being dealt with under the relevant regional mechanisms. The vast majority of such mechanisms remain unused due to the fact that states parties to such agreements still prefer to consider disputes between themselves at the level of the World Trade Organization, despite the termination of the activities of the WTO Appellate Body. Regional mechanisms are used primarily to resolve disputes that concern issues outside the WTO (such as compliance with labour standards, health and safety, and the environment).
Possibilities of an experimental approach in creating fetal growth restriction in animal models
Authors: Bespalova Olesya N. , Blazhenko Alexandra A. , Pachuliia Olga V. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: December 2024

The literature review was compiled to assess which animal models of intrauterine development disorders most adequately reflect the pathological processes in the clinic.
Intrauterine growth restriction associated with placental insufficiency is an urgent scientific and practical problem of modern obstetrics and perinatology. According to World Health Organization, this complication occurs in 10% of pregnant women. The etiology and mechanisms of this pathology have been the focus of research for more than decades. Nevertheless, the methods of predicting and preventing this pathology are not very effective, as consensus in diagnostic approaches is only being formed, and there are practically no methods of correction. The results of experimental studies have made a significant contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiological foundations of the placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction development. For this purpose, various laboratory animals are used, most often rats (Rattus norvegicus), chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera), mice (Mus musculus), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), and guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Each of the above types of experimental animals has its own advantages for studying intrauterine growth restriction. There are three main methods used to simulate intrauterine growth restriction in animals: the surgical method (ligation of blood vessels), the method of placing in a chamber with a reduced oxygen concentration, and the method of lowering the caloric content and amount of food.
Various models of intrauterine growth restriction have been proposed over a long study of the problem. However, these data differ greatly among themselves in the literature. The task of this review was to understand the most effective models and animal species to study fetal growth retardation, as well as ways to create this pregnancy complication.
Analysis of the effectiveness of laparoscopic myomectomy using a standardized technique
Authors: Polenov Nikolai I. , Dolgikh Maria S. , Yarmolinskaya Maria I.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Uterine fibroids are a benign monoclonal tumor arising from myometrial smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts with the deposition of extracellular matrix components in response to vascular injury. Diagnosis of uterine fibroids is steadily growing every year due to the introduction of new and accessible research methods. At the moment, the preferred organ-preserving surgical method for treating uterine fibroids is laparoscopic myomectomy, which allows preserving reproductive function. Considering the high risk of intra- and postoperative bleeding during surgery, the development and use of blood-saving technologies remains relevant. This article contains results of the effectiveness of the surgical technique without performing the stage of vessel clipping, which involves assessing the volume of intraoperative blood loss and the duration of the operation.
AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using a standardized technique of laparoscopic myomectomy without uterine artery clipping.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 77 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids who underwent surgical treatment in Gynecological Department I with Operating Unit, The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott (St. Petersburg, Russia). Implying an assessment of the volume of intraoperative blood loss and the duration of the operation.
RESULTS: The average number of removed myomatous nodes was 2.2 ± 1.2 (from 1 to 11). The size of the removed fibroids averaged 5.1 ± 1.8 cm in diameter. At the same time, the minimum size of the remote node was 1.5 cm, and the maximum size was 15 cm. Intramural [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) types 3 and 4] localization of myomatous nodes was found in 30 (17.6%) cases, intramural subserosal (FIGO type 5) in 45 (26.4%) cases, subserosal (FIGO type 6) in 54 (31.7%) cases, subserosal pedunculated (FIGO type 7) in 30 (17.6%) cases, and intramural submucosal and submucosal forms (FIGO types 0–2) in ten (5.8 %) cases. The average intraoperative blood loss was 187.7 ± 16.71 ml, average hemoglobin level in the postoperative period was 117.1 ± 13.15 g/l, with an initial level of 126 ± 12.1 g/l. The average duration of the operation was 95 ± 30.3 minutes, and the average bed-day was 8 ± 1.5.
CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained allow for drawing a reasonable conclusion about the effectiveness and safety of the standardized technique of laparoscopic myomectomy, developed in Gynecological Department I with Operating Unit, The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott (Saint Petersburg, Russia), and for recommending its widespread use.
New data on landmark anatomy of the human superior thyroid artery
Authors: Chugunov Nikita A. , Pavlov Artem V. , Glukhovets Ilya B. , Prokofiev Dmitry Yu. , Sychev Vitaly V. , Vvedensky Artem I. , Zvereva Alina S.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: The description of anatomy of the thyroid vasculature is widely used in both traditional medical literature and modern research. However, authors note variability in locating the superior thyroid artery orifice relative to the common carotid artery bifurcation. However, there is no standard approach to determining the linear dimensions of the common carotid bifurcation zone. In this context, it is important for both morphologists and clinicians to determine the position of the superior thyroid artery orifice in relation to various anatomical landmarks.
AIM: The aim of the study was to identify variations in the location of the superior thyroid artery orifice relative to the common carotid artery bifurcation, the superior edge of the thyroid cartilage, and the superior edge of the thyroid lobe as landmarks.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used 36 neck organ complexes obtained at autopsy from individuals without apparent thyroid disease using an original technique developed by the authors. The organ complexes were dissected, the arterial pool was injected with a colored gelatin-based compound, and the specimens were fixed. Photographs of the specimens were analyzed using a superimposed coordinate grid with a step size of 5 mm.
RESULTS: Most commonly, the upper edge of the common carotid artery bifurcation was found at the level of the upper edge of the thyroid cartilage on the right side and below it on the left side. It was also located above the upper edge of the corresponding thyroid lobe bilaterally. The superior thyroid artery orifice was most commonly located in the area of the common carotid artery bifurcation bilaterally. A moderate direct correlation was found on the right side between the location of the superior thyroid artery orifice and the upper edge of the bifurcation relative to the upper edge of the thyroid cartilage (Rs = 0.402, p 0.05). There was also a direct strong relationship between the location of the superior thyroid artery orifice relative to the upper edge of the thyroid lobe and the length of the artery on the right side (Rs = 0.826, p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms the literature data regarding the variability of the superior thyroid artery location. The data obtained suggest that it is useful to use landmarks that can be easily determined during surgery to identify the location of the superior thyroid artery orifice.
A cidade por inventar e a comunidade possível na literatura de Lourenço Mutarelli
Authors: Melo Bianca Magela
Published: December 2024

A partir de dois livros de literatura do brasileiro Lourenço Mutarelli, O cheiro do ralo e A arte de produzir efeito sem causa, o artigo aborda a presença de uma ambiência para além do espaço aberto e do fechado. Apesar de focados em personagens adoecidas psiquicamente de distúrbios promovidos pela vida na metrópole, os livros abandonam a descrição realista da cidade para encontrar a comunidade contemporânea, marcada pelo empenho das identidades e pela contaminação. A comunidade, tratada em diálogo com Jean-Luc Nancy e Roberto Esposito, indica uma configuração na qual o impróprio, assim como o incerto e o não-sabido são constitutivos. As indefinições no interior dos enredos, sustentadas por delírios e elementos ocultos, vazam para o modo de contar e as narrativas passeiam por diferentes gêneros expressivos, tentando dar conta das presenças e convivências suspensas insinuadas. Com isso, elas trazem interrogações também para a literatura como campo circunscrito.
O feitiço de Medeia sobre o Brasil do séc. XX
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima Sousa e
Published: December 2024

É nosso objetivo analisar, perante os tópicos principais da Medeia euripidiana, a recepção que o mito teve na literatura dramática brasileira do séc. XX. Da comparação dos diferentes textos - Além do Rio, de Agostinho Olavo, Gota d’Água, de Chico Buarque e Paulo Pontes, Des-Medéia, de Denise Stoklos, Memórias do Mar Aberto. Medeia conta sua história, de Consuelo de Castro, e Anjo Negro, de Nelson Rodrigues -, resultam evidentes os tópicos da tradição que, em diferentes proporções, se mantêm nas diversas reescritas e adaptações: xenofobia, conflitos sociais entre a autoridade pública e os cidadãos, questões de género. Podemos então concluir que é transversal a influência de Eurípides, a que foram acrescidos traços e renovados os efeitos de acordo com a atualidade brasileira.
O animal-escrita: uma leitura de Maria Gabriela Llansol
Authors: Samudio Jonas Miguel Pires
Published: December 2024

Propomos uma leitura de textos de Maria Gabriela Llansol, sobremaneira de “Amar um cão” (2000) e de sua reescrita em O Senhor de Herbais (2002), elaborando – com o auxílio das reflexões advindas da crítica literária, com Lucia Castello Branco (2000; 2011), Maria Esther Maciel (2014), Silvina Rodrigues Lopes (2003; 2013) e Maurice Blanchot (2005); e da filosofia, com Jacques Derrida (2002) e Martin Heidegger (2010) – a compreensão de animal-escrita, em que a escrita é um animal que está presente antes e depois do escrever.