bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No liminar dos mundos
Authors: Bernardes Marcelo Elias
Published: September 2023

Este artigo se ocupa de diferentes modos de convergência entre o outro mundo e o mundo material no município de Caldas (MG). A partir de minha (com)vivência junto à população local, percebi que as múltiplas formas de interação entre estes mundos se tecem nas cotidianidades e fazem parte de um mesmo sistema simbólico, o catolicismo popular. Nesse sentido, emergem várias práticas que extrapolam os limites da doutrina oficial e não são entendidos pelas pessoas como desvios, como os benzimentos ou como adivinhações. Desfilam, ainda, determinados agentes que se manifestam diariamente como os santos, o Diabo e as assombrações. Desta maneira, o caminho metodológico proposto segue por uma apresentação do lugar, pela discussão do catolicismo popular e, por último, por um recorte sobre duas categorias deste sistema simbólico, as assombrações e os benzimentos. Para o recorte deste trabalho, propus analisar, dentro deste sistema simbólico, as assombrações e os benzimentos enquanto categorias emblemáticas do catolicismo popular local. Acerca dos métodos, procurei utilizar a observação participante, como forma de coletar dados etnográficos relevantes, aliada à história oral, o que possibilitou a confecção e análise de entrevistas com os moradores locais.
Inventariando fontes, construindo interpretações históricas
Authors: Baldez Etienne , Guimarães Lívia de Avelar Andrade , Tavares Thaisa Teixeira
Published: September 2023

Quando se pensa na constituição das creches e pré-escolas em Brasília, desde o momento de inauguração da capital, 21 de abril de 1960, há ainda um lapso dentro da história que permite apreender uma interpretação histórica sobre a educação e cuidado ministrado a essas crianças, pelo menos nas duas primeiras décadas. Com o intuito de compreensão dessa constituição e das práticas/concepções que estariam ali presentes, este estudo localiza, por meio de um inventário de fontes, os documentos que possibilitam percorrer os vestígios das primeiras creches e jardins de infância em Brasília, nas décadas de 1960 e 1970. Demarcada a intenção, os arquivos consultados foram: o Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP); o Arquivo Público do Distrito Federal; o Arquivo Público do Senado, a Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional e o Museu de Educação do Distrito Federal. Como primeiras interpretações, foi possível evidenciar que, em Brasília, a constituição da creche e da pré-escola acompanha o ocorrido em outras partes do território brasileiro, com distinção onde a primeira era espaço de guarda e a segunda de práticas pedagógicas com crianças, feitas por professoras com formação. Todavia, localiza-se já uma demanda por creche que acaba ecoando nas páginas do jornal Correio Braziliense, ainda que como um direito da mãe e não das crianças. Nos jardins, localiza-se a organização de rotinas, onde as linguagens compareciam, atreladas ao brincar, ainda que não centralizadas nas crianças e sim nas propositoras das atividades: as professoras.
Çocuklarda Hipertansiyon Risk Faktörü Olarak Obezite ve Metabolik Sendrom
Authors: AKSU Bağdagül , YURUK YİLDİRİM Zeynep , YILMAZ Alev , PEHLİVANOĞLU Cemile , TÜRKKAN Özde Nisa , KARDELEN AL Aslı Derya , BİLGE Ilmay , ŞİRİN Aydan , EMRE Sevinç
Published: September 2023

Hipertansiyon (HT), çocuklarda giderek artan önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Son 20 yıl içinde çevresel ve sosyal faktörlerdeki değişiklikler, daha az fiziksel aktivite, hızlı beslenme alışkanlıkları, obezite ve metabolik sendrom, HT gelişimini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı, 18 yıllık bir süreçte HT tanısıyla izlenen çocuklarda yıllar içinde obezite ve metabolik sendrom sıklığının artıp artmadığını belirlemektir. Ocak 2001-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında Çocuk Nefroloji Polikliniği’nde HT nedeni ile başvuran ve HT tanısı kesinleşen 377 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar, 2001-2009 döneminde başvuran hastalar (Grup I) ve 2010-2018 döneminde başvuran hastalar (Grup II) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı ve iki grup obezite ve metabolik sendrom açısından karşılaştırıldı. Ortalama başvuru yaşı 11,4±4,5 yıldı. Hastaların %64’ü erkekti. Grup 2’deki hastaların yaş, VKİ, metabolik sendrom ve ailede hipertansiyon olma öyküsü Grup 1’den yüksekti. İki grup arasında obezite açısından fark yoktu (p>0,05). Çalışmamızın sonuçları, hipertansiyon tanısıyla izlediğimiz hastalarda son yıllarda 2009 ve öncesine göre hem VKİ’de hem de metabolik sendrom görülme oranında artış olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu değişiklikler, özellikle ergenlerde belirgindir. Çocuk ve ergenlerde sodyum alımının azaltılması ve yaşam tarzı değişikliği önerileriyle obezitenin önlenmesi, HT gelişiminin engellemesi ve tedavisinde ilk aşamayı oluşturur.
Options of crimping in a container and matrices of a special profile of axysymmetric hollow billets made of C60 steel
Authors: Kaliuzhnyi Volodymyr , Levchenko Volodymyr , Kaliuzhnyi Oleksandr , Sytnyk Stanislav
Published: September 2023

Mathematical models were created using the finite element method and research was carried out on options for hot, semi-hot and cold crimping in a container and matrix of a special profile of axisymmetric hollow blanks made of high-carbon steel with variable wall thickness along the height. A plastic model of metal is used. Before hot and semi-hot crimping, the part of the workpiece was heated at the height to be deformed. The shape and dimensions of the initial blank for crimping were determined by calculation, which ensured the required dimensions of the product. The use of a container and a matrix of a special profile with a deforming surface made with ring protrusions made it possible to obtain a product in one pass for the considered options for crimping due to the reduction of the influence of frictional forces during molding. The rate of deformation was determined to maintain the mode of hot and semi-hot deformation during crimping. The dependence of the axial force on the deforming tool on the movement of the punch and the distribution of specific forces on the contacting surfaces was established. The use of cold pressing leads to an increase in the accuracy of the shape and dimensions of the product, a decrease in energy consumption and metal consumption. The final stress-strained state of the metal, the shape and dimensions of the product are determined. Based on the distribution of deformation intensity, an evaluation of the working of the metal structure by semi-hot and cold plastic deformation was carried out, and the yield point of the metal after crimping was predicted. On the basis of the simulation data, a design of the general appearance of the die equipment for cold crimping was developed.
Ensuring accuracy of contour milling on CNC machines
Authors: Petrakov Yuri , Romanov Yan
Published: September 2023

Contour milling is characterized by quasi-stationary, which leads to the occurrence of a machining error caused by elastic deflections of the machining system. Moreover, such an error cannot be eliminated by sub-adjusting the control program "for size", since it not is constant and changes along the contour in a wide range. To ensure the accuracy of contour milling, a new method of combined control is proposed, which uses a posteriori information of machine verification measurements of the machined surface and a priori information of modeling the material removal process. In case of single manufacturing, the allowance on the last pass is divided into two parts, and after machining the first part, verifications are performed, then modeling and machining of the second half according to the corrected control program. In mass manufacturing, verifications are performed on the first part, and all subsequent ones are machined according to the adjusted control program. To obtain the necessary a posteriori information, the technology of machine verifications on CNC-machine with a three-coordinate probe according to standard control programs is proposed, and it is enough to perform two measurements or one, in the presence of surfaces inclined to the coordinate axes of the contour. A computer program was created, the core of which is a mathematical model of the process, which reproduces the structural diagram of the machining system closed behind two elastic deflections. The primary control file is loaded in G-codes with measurement data, and as a result of the process simulation, a new control file for the CNC-machine tool is formed, which eliminates the error from elastic deflections of machining system. Preliminary tests showed the possibility of increasing the accuracy of contour machining by more than 3 times.
Effect of Herbal Extracts Upon Enhancing the Quality of Low-Fat Cottage Cheese
Authors: Ryzhkova Taisia , Odarchenko Andrii , Silchenko Kateryna , Danylenko Svitlana , Verbytskyi Sergii , Heida Iryna , Kalashnikova Larisa , Dmytrenko Andrii
Published: September 2023

compounds found in plants possess medicinal properties and act as biogenic stimulants. These substances are formed in isolated tissues of animal and plant origin during their adapting to adverse environmental conditions, exhibiting biological activity. Biogenic stimulants include plant extracts utilized in pharmacology and dairy cattle breeding to enhance immunity, prevent animal infertility, increase productivity, and elevate the level of protein and fat components in milk. This suggests the potential application of plant biopreparations in the dairy industry, particularly in the technology of low-fat cottage cheese, to enhance its protein content.
Objective. The present study aims to investigate the effect of biological preparations used in low-fat cottage cheese production on its quality and assess the feasibility of the said preparation.
Methods. The quality parameters and biological value were evaluated for low-fat cottage milk cheese made from low-fat cow's milk prepared for curdling, as well as the lactating enzyme preparation "Fromaza" in the amount of 0.1 g for each batch of the product dissolved in plant extracts-based biopreparations "Biosvit" and "Megasvit". In samples of raw milk, the mass fraction of fat, protein, and solids and density were determined. Physicochemical and biochemical parameters, as well as the amino acid composition of protein in milk, were determined using standardized methods.
Results. The study revealed that the use of "Biosvit" increased the mass fraction of total protein in the pilot cheese batch by 0.4%, while "Megasvit" led to a decrease in total protein content by 0.52%. Additionally, "Biosvit" and "Megasvit" reduced the mass fraction of non-casein protein in the pilot cheese batches by 0.25% and 1.82%, respectively, and increased the level of casein protein by 0.65% and 1.43%, respectively, compared to the control. The cheese yield from every 100 kg of processed raw milk increased by 2.8% and 4.5%, respectively, when using "Biosvit" and "Megasvit" preparations, compared to the control.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of the biological preparation "Megasvit", used to dissolve the enzyme "Fromaza", in improving the quality and biological value of low-fat cottage cheese has been confirmed.
Effects of Metformin and Preparations With Pleiotropic Effects on Testicular Biochemical Indices of Rats With Juvenile-Onset Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Bondarenko Larysa , Shayakhmetova Ganna , Tkachenko Olexandr , Kalachinskaya Maria , Kovalenko Valentyna
Published: September 2023

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex of disorders characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, arterial hypertension, and all types of metabolic disorders. Taking into account the wide range of symptoms accompanying MS, the use of preparations with pleiotropic effects on metabolic processes in the body could be promising for its treatment.
Objective. The aim of this study is comparative estimation of metformin or its combination with vitamins' complex or liposomal preparation treatment effects on DNA, RNA, histones, ATP, ADP, AMP contents, and DNA fragmentation processes in testes of rats with MS induced in juvenile age.
Methods. MS model was induced by full replacement of drinking water with 10% fructose solution in Wistar male rats of 21–23 days age (50–70 g). DNA, RNA, histones, ATP, ADP, AMP contents, and DNA fragmentation processes investigations were carried out after 60 days of MS modeling and metformin or its combination with vitamins' complex or liposomal preparation treatment.
Results. In experiments with pubertal rats with MS and metformin or its combination vitamins' complex or liposomal preparation treatment, we established partially corrective effects of these medications for DNA, RNA, histones, ATP, ADP, AMP contents, and DNA fragmentation processes changes caused by MS development.
Conclusions. A comparative analysis of the studied preparations' effects under MS simulation in the juvenile age showed that none of these drugs was able to completely normalize the disorders in studied indicators caused by MS. However, both combinations of metformin with vitamins' complex or liposomal preparation were still more effective in these negative changes' correction then metformin itself. Metformin with vitamins' complex caused a more pronounced influence on the processes of DNA fragmentation, the levels of adenyl nucleotides, and the energy charge of rat testicular cells, while the corrective effect of metformin with liposomal preparation was more noticeable with respect to the content of chromatin components.
Analysis of the core research for vendor email compromise filtering model using machine learning
Authors: Kozlenko Oleh , Zibarov Dmytro
Published: September 2023

Vendor email compromise became one of most sophisticated types of social engineering attacks. Strengths of this malicious activity rely on basis of impersonating vendor that company working with. Thus, it is easy for attacker to exploit this trust for doing different type of data exfiltration or ransom. To mitigate risks, that come with these challenges, information security specialist should consider using different types of approaches, including machine learning, to identify anomalies in email, so further damages can be prevented. The purpose of this work lies in the identification of optimal approach for VEC-style attacks detection and optimizing these approaches with least amount of false-positive (FP) parameters. The object of this research is different methods of text processing algorithms, including machine learning methods for detecting VEC emails. The subject of research in this paper mainly considers impact of mentioned text processing algorithms and its relation with efficiency of VEC email classification, identifying most effective approach and, also, how to improve results of such detections. Results of this paper consists of details for VEC-email attacks detection, challenges that comes with different approaches and proposed solution, that lies in using text processing techniques and agent-related approach with main sphere of implication – machine-learning systems, that are used for identifying social-engineering attacks through email.
A Study of a Mathematical Model with a Movable Singular Point in a Fourth-Order Nonlinear Differential Equation
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Gasanov M. V. ,   Politecnico di Milano, Gulkanov A. G.
Published: September 2023

This article introduces a mathematical model that utilizes a nonlinear differential equation to study a range of phenomena such as nonlinear wave processes, and beam deflections. Solving this equation is challenging due to the presence of moving singular points. The article addresses two main problems: first, it establishes the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the equation and, second, it provides precise criteria for determining the existence of a moving singular point. Additionally, the article presents estimates of the error in the analytical approximate solution and validates the results through a numerical experiment.
THE IMPORTANCE AND RELEVANCE OF THE SPECIAL POLICE UNITS IN DEALING WITH MODERN SECURITY THREATS AND RISKS
Authors:   Faculty of Security – Skopje, Ivanovski Jonce
Published: September 2023

In order to successfully solve security related problems and reduce the harmful consequences of various security threats and risks, it is necessary to have an efficient police system which will enable internal stability and security in the country. In order to guarantee the safety of citizens and preserve public order, the role of the special police units is essential, as they perform the most complex and risky operations. In order to ensure the conditions for the efficient and safe execution of the assigned tasks from their wide scope of work, all activities on a strategic, operational and tactical level should be planned in advance in order to achieve full efficiency and flexibility in their functioning. According to the legal regulation that regulates the work of the special police units, professionalism and expertise are the main prerequisite for quality performance of the security function, so they must be constantly maintained at a high level of combat readiness and training. Precisely for this reason, in this paper, through a qualitative research approach, we analyze the most important segments that contribute to improving the efficiency in the work of special units and reducing modern security threats and challenges.
PROTECTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – A CHALLENGE FOR THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors:   Faculty of Security - Skopje, Malis Sazdovska Marina
Published: September 2023

The protection of the critical infrastructure is vital in the functioning of states. The critical infrastructure can be evaluated as a complex and vital entity which refers to the industrial sector, communication systems, energy sector, transportation, healthcare, and many other sectors. But if there is an interruption in the functioning of some of these vital functions of the state, a serious destabilization can occur, with a negative impact on the economy, security, health, communications, energy stability, etc. The author of the paper analyzes the current situation of the protection of the critical infrastructure in the Republic of North Macedonia, the proposed legal solutions, as well as the activities that the competent authorities and working groups undertake to regulate this matter. Critical infrastructure risk factors, risks, and threats are also analyzed, and there is a case study of the country's forest fires. Keywords: critical infrastructure, risks, threats, etc.
SECURITY CULTURE: PRESENT AND FUTURE STRATEGIES, POLICIES AND CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Philosophy – Skopje, Mitrevska Marina , Stanareviċ Svetlana
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on the importance of security culture, its place in security strategies and policies, as well as the characteristics of the concept of security culture. It is believed that the reasons for this are found in the significance of security culture in developing and defining the social situation and the role it has in determining the way people think and behave. Furthermore, the paper stresses the importance of the characteristics of the security culture concept, since it refers to a new and special quality of reality in which relatively independent concepts, security and culture, have found a way to build a new one, with a strong potential to express the type of social power, which, in turn, will certainly enable the development of powerful national, societal and individual security. Moreover, this paper considers the importance and application of security culture as an important instrument for introducing changes that will improve security, which could prove significant at a time when the world is facing turbulent events, which carry serious security implications. The paper presents security in a new form interwoven and enriched with culture, and its significant influence on current and future strategies and policies, which are manifested through the concept of a security culture as a goal and a means to encourage common thinking, compatible reactions, and coherent analysis in determining security priorities. Keywords: security, strategies, policies, security culture, characteristics
EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF PERSONNEL FOR THE NEEDS OF THE SECURITY SERVICES
Authors:   Faculty of Security - Skopje, Marjan Nikolovski Marjan Nikolovski , Tashevska-Remenski Frosina ,   Faculty of Security - Skopje
Published: September 2023

The prevailing educational programs in security studies do not sufficiently take into account all aspects of the profile of personnel working in the security services, which is why there is a need to organize additional basic and specialized training for the specific security needs. The definition of educational needs in a specific area, including the area of security, requires the foundation of theoretical assumptions, empirical research, significant facts that arise with the acceptance of new, changed and expanded paradigms of security, as well as traditional activities in the area of security. Modern security services are daily faced with serious challenges in terms of endangering national security, which is why the need for professional education exclusively for the needs of the security services inevitably arises. In the international practice, several models of personnel education for the needs of the security services are evident. Within the security services of the Republic of North Macedonia, there are no special higher education institutions which produce personnel for their needs, which is not the case with the surrounding countries and the more developed democratic states of the international community. The paper will make a comparative analysis of the process of training personnel for the needs of the security services in the Republic of North Macedonia, the countries from the neighborhood, and the developed democratic states of the world. Keywords: education, security, security services
SECURITY CHALLENGES IN CROATIAN TOURISM – NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR STAKEHOLDERS
Authors:   Department of Economics and Tourism Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia, Gržinić Jasmina , Šergo Zdravko
Published: September 2023

Many different obstacles impact tourism (climate change, terrorism, safety). Croatian tourism began to rapidly develop in the post-war period; from the beginning of the 1990s. The tourist arrival figures rise from 5,852,000 tourist arrivals in 1998 to 19,566,000 tourist arrivals in 2019 (DSZ, 2010; DSZ, 2020). The crisis that occurred (The COVID-19 pandemic) caused problems for tourism businesses, local communities, and stakeholders in Croatian tourism resulting in a significant decrease in tourist arrivals and nights in 2020 (UNWTO 2021). International travelers have a huge impact on the sector and every shock has a direct reflection on the national economy. The lack of a national recovery model affected the behavior of stakeholders and tourist arrivals. Objectives of the study: The paper explores national tourism initiatives and stakeholders' actions in the period of health crises. This study aims to present sustainable recovery models in tourism to improve future stakeholders' market position. Methodology: The design of this study is based on analyzing the link between research methods on the tourism crisis and participants' recovery measures. Results: The paper provides a research design that can alleviate security challenges in countries highly dependent on tourism and international tourism demand during crises. The review of research methods provides insights for academics and tourism professionals searching to develop their market strategy. Significance: The implications of crisis policy are documented in the form of a destination research framework for tourism crisis circumstances as a new perspective in managing modern security risks and crises on a global level.
THE CRIMINAL OFFENSE OF MURDER: HISTORICAL, CRIMINAL AND CRIMINOLOGY ASPECTS
Authors:   Institute for Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, Igracki Jasmina , Karovic Sadmir , Zivadinovic Teodora
Published: September 2023

Human life and body represent social values that have always been and remain the subject of criminal law protection. Precisely, the authors in the first part of the work point to the incrimination of the crime of murder throughout the historical era of Serbia and the neighboring countries, and also that the life and body of members of certain social classes were not subject to criminal law protection, and in certain eras the criminal law protection of life and body was not provided equally to every person. The continuous development of society and changes in all spheres led to the need for more and more contact between people, and their relationships led to various conflicts and the desire to be resolved at their own discretion. The second part of the work deals with conflict situations that led to mutual attacks in order to resolve the situations that ended with an attack and endangering the physical integrity of people. Thus, when studying the criminal offense of murder, which is one of the classics, perhaps even the oldest criminal offense which has already been discussed so much from a theoretical point of view and, at first glance, it seems that everything has already been said, there are still a lot of disputed questions that need to be discussed, in a theoretical, criminological sense, as well as to clarify the problems that arise in judicial practice. Some research indicates that a high percentage (even over 80 percent) of perpetrators of criminal acts would not have started committing criminal acts if they had known for sure that they would be discovered as perpetrators of the same. Research data indicate that violence in Serbia has increased by 74%. The third part of the work deals with the incrimination of the most serious criminal offense from the aspect of modern and international criminal law, as well as their recommendations for the purpose of prevention and repression.
PREDICTIVE POLICING
Authors:   Faculty of security Skopje, Gogov Bogdancho
Published: September 2023

Crime control strategies in the past have largely been focused on reactive tactics, while the focus of policing was to respond quickly to incidents and crimes. However, as the crime and security situation changed, so did the paradigm shift from a reactive style of policing to proactive policing. Proactive work aims to prevent crime rather than just react to it. It has been shown that crime prevention is more closely related to proactive policing than to reactive policing. Crime prevention strategies such as community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, intelligence-led policing were introduced with having in mind proactive policing. In recent decades, a new proactive data-driven policing strategy has emerged, namely predictive policing. It uses information technology, data and analytical techniques in order to identify the most likely places and times of future criminal events or persons at high risk of committing or becoming victims of a crime. The use of predictive analytics and machine learning has attracted enormous attention, linking predictive policing with digital innovation. Although it can be argued that data collection and processing has always been an important aspect of policing, technological advances and the increased availability of police data have led to a shift from predominantly reactive policing to proactive policing. It should be emphasized that predictive policing is not intended to replace the already tried and tested proactive policing techniques such as evidence-based policing. Improvements to traditional proactive policing techniques such as machine learning and sophisticated algorithms are enabling the police to track both individuals and areas with greater accuracy in order to predict when, where and by whom a crime may be committed.
MANAGING NEW SECURITY RISKS THROUGH PRIVATE SECURITY
Authors:   Faculty of Security-Skopje, Gerasimoski Saše
Published: September 2023

Life in the era of the risk society abounds with the so-called new risks, most of which are manufactured, are increasingly difficult to detect, and have increasingly been manifested with severe consequences for the protected values. Dealing with them necessarily requires a pluralization of the security function and an enhanced contribution of private security, seen through the concepts of commodification and marketization of security. In this paper, an effort is made by the author to point out the positive and negative aspects of the management of new risks through private security, analyzed from a global perspective, with a parallel with contemporary Macedonian private security. Theoretically, the paper discusses the critical and neoliberal understandings in private security that refer to the analyzed problem, while methodologically, comparative analysis and analysis of the contents are being applied regarding the management of new security risks at the global level and in Macedonia. We believe that the findings of the paper could be useful in designing an optimal model for managing the new security risks in private security in Macedonia and wider.
Mejoramiento de las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos ácidos con la aplicación de vinaza
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Paulista ", Calero Hurtado Alexander ,   Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Franklin Traspadini Edilaine Istéfani ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Ferreira de Sousa Francisco Bruno ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Marchioro Vinicius ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Silva Oliveira Lorena Solar ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Carvalho Santos Laura ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Olivera Viciedo Dilier ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Peña Calzada Kolima ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Osvaldo Cazzeta Jáiro ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las alteraciones físicas y químicas de los suelos ácidos asociadas a la aplicación de vinaza en condiciones de laboratorio. Los efectos beneficiosos de cinco dosis de vinaza (sin vinaza [0, solamente agua], 50, 100, 150 y 200 m3/ha), fueron estudiadas en el mejoramiento de las propiedades físicas y químicas de tres suelos ácidos: Oxisol (SO), Ultisol (SU) y Argisol (SA), después de 30 días de incubación. Las muestras de suelos fueron recolectadas en la capa de 0-20 cm de profundidad para la determinación de propiedades físicas y químicas como pH (CaCl2), acidez total (AT), acidez intercambiable (Al3+), cationes bases (K+, Ca2+ y Mg2+), suma de bases (SB), capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), índice de saturación de las bases (V%), y saturación de potasio (K), calcio (Ca), magnesio (Mg) y aluminio (Al). Los resultados indicaron que la aplicación de vinaza mejoró las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos estudiados, porque se incrementaron tanto el pH como los cationes bases, la SB, la CIC, el V% y la saturación de K, Ca y Mg, y disminuyeron la AT, Al3+ y saturación de Al. Además, los efectos más importantes en el mejoramiento de las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos ácidos se observaron en la dosis de 200 m3/ha de vinaza. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que la vinaza podría ser una estrategia efectiva de bajo costo como fuente alternativa para balancear la acidez del suelo y constituiría una opción apropiada para disminuir la contaminación ambiental.
BACKGROUND FOR THE USE OF HYDROGEN IN UKRAINE IN THE ENERGY AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS
Authors: Lisoval A.A.
Published: September 2023

Based on the global trends, the article substantiates the place of hydrogen and hydrogen technologies in the further decarbonisation of the energy sector and road transport in Ukraine. The variety of methods of production, transportation and storage, and the use of hydrogen of different purity require complex trade-offs between the cost of the technology and the amount of possible emissions of harmful substances into the environment at all related stages of application of these technologies. Hydrogen fuels and hydrogen technologies should be positioned as one of the areas of energy transition of economic sectors to decarbonisation, which will lead to the development of climate-neutral technologies. Traditional reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICE) can be upgraded to run on purely hydrogen fuel, but this requires the use of new materials due to the high specific energy intensity of hydrogen. The combustion of hydrogen in ICE combustion chambers is hindered by nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission restrictions. A possible option is to use a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas or to upgrade dual-fuel internal combustion engines. This is the most realistic option for Ukraine at this point. In light of the decarbonisation process, the main advantage of fuel cells (FC) is the absence of hydrocarbon combustion and, accordingly, the ability to reduce air pollution with the greenhouse gas CO2.  Existing FC can operate not only on hydrogen but also on natural gas. In the energy sector, hydrogen technologies compete not with traditional methods of generating heat and electricity, but with bioenergy, heat pumps, and technologies for capturing and storing carbon and its oxides. In the automotive sector, hydrogen technologies compete with liquid and gaseous biofuels, electric vehicles and hybrids with internal combustion engines and batteries. The potential application of hydrogen technologies for decarbonisation processes will only be unlocked once a hydrogen market and the relevant infrastructure are in place. The segment and price of hydrogen technologies depend on by the method of production process chosen, as well as the infrastructure components, including storage, transportation and fuelling stations. The safe operation and implementation of hydrogen technologies in Ukraine requires qualified engineering staff. The training of such specialists for the energy and transport sectors can be taken on by universities by universities in the speciality 142 – energy engineering.
THE COMPOSITION OF THE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM FOR LOCAL MULTI-CIRCUIT COOLING ON AUTO TRACTOR DIESEL PARTS JUSTIFICATION
Authors: Trynov O. V. , Sivykh D.G.
Published: September 2023

A series of motor bench and non-motorized experiments conducted at the Department of Engines and Hybrid Power Plants of NTU "KhPI" showed the high efficiency of local air cooling of heat-stressed parts of internal combustion engines, in particular, parts of the exhaust valve assembly of the gas distribution mechanism in an automated mode. However, in the tests carried out, a stationary air compressor powered by a ~220 V mains was used with air accumulation in a large-capacity cylinder. The implementation of a local cooling system on power plants, mainly powerful trucks, requires the inclusion in the automatic control system of autonomous cooling, a pneumatic compressor installed on the vehicle with an electric drive, powered by the on-board power supply and accumulating air in a receiver with compact dimensions.

A review of design solutions and analysis of the component composition of pneumatic systems of autotractor vehicles was carried out. The requirements for the quality and safety of pneumatic systems of vehicles and their elements are considered. The technical characteristics of air compressors are presented. The scheme of the pneumatic system of local multi-circuit cooling on autotractor diesel parts has been chosen. On the example of the selected air compressor with an electric drive Maximum Performance 24V from ARB (Australia), estimates were made of the operating time up to a working pressure in the receiver of 10 bar. The electrical load on the 24 V on-board network of the vehicle was determined in the form of an average current consumption per filling cycle. The maximum current consumption by the compressor is determined, the current consumption per hour is estimated under the condition of a proportional alternation of the cycles of filling the receiver and emptying it.
Substantial Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass Occurs After Femoral Fragility Fracture
Authors: Willey Michael C. , Owen Erin C. , Miller Aspen , Glass Natalie , Kirkpatrick Tessa , Fitzpatrick Daniel , Wilken Jason , Marsh J. Lawrence , Reider Lisa
Published: September 2023

Background:

Femoral fragility fractures in older adults can result in devastating loss of physical function and independence. Skeletal muscle atrophy likely contributes to disability. The purpose of this study was to characterize the change in skeletal muscle mass, investigate the relationship with malnutrition and physical function, and identify risk factors for skeletal muscle loss.

Methods:

Adults ≥65 years of age who were treated with operative fixation of an isolated femoral fragility fracture were enrolled in this multicenter, prospective observational study. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed within 72 hours of admission using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, which was repeated at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Sarcopenia was defined by sex-specific cutoffs for the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index. The Mini Nutritional Assessment was used to measure nutritional status at the time of injury. Physical function was measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function domain. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate changes in skeletal muscle mass and PROMIS Physical Function scores over time and to evaluate factors associated with skeletal muscle mass changes.

Results:

Ninety participants (74% female) with a mean age of 77.6 ± 9.0 years were enrolled. At the time of injury, 30 (33%) were sarcopenic and 44 (49%) were at risk for malnutrition or had malnutrition. Older age was associated with lower skeletal muscle mass (age of ≥75 versus <75 years: least squares mean [and standard error], −3.3 ± 1.6 kg; p = 0.042). From the time of injury to 6 weeks, participants lost an average of 2.4 kg (9%) of skeletal muscle mass (95% confidence interval [CI] = ‒3.0 to ‒1.8 kg; p < 0.001). This early loss did not recover by 6 months (1.8 kg persistent loss compared with baseline [95% CI = ‒2.5 to ‒1.1 kg]; p < 0.001). Participants with normal nutritional status lost more skeletal muscle mass from baseline to 6 weeks after injury compared with those with malnutrition (1.3 kg more loss [standard error, 0.6 kg]; p = 0.036). A 1-kg decrease in skeletal muscle mass was associated with an 8-point decrease in the PROMIS Physical Function (model parameter estimate, 0.12 [standard error, 0.04]; p = 0.002).

Conclusions:

We found that older adults with femoral fragility fractures lost substantial skeletal muscle mass and physical function. Participants with adequate baseline nutrition actually lost more muscle mass than those who were malnourished, indicating that future investigations of interventions to prevent muscle loss should focus on older adults regardless of nutritional status.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Prosthetic Joint Infection Due to Mycobacterium goodii/smegmatis
Authors: Sims Margaret , Urish Kenneth L. , Shah Neel B.
Published: September 2023

Total hip arthroplasty is among the most frequently performed elective surgical procedures in the United States. Infection of the implant is a rare but catastrophic complication. Generally, patients require multiple surgical procedures and intravenous antibiotics to eradicate the infection. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with a strain of rapidly growing mycobacteria not frequently encountered. He was successfully treated with retention of implants and chronic oral antibiotic therapy. A literature review was performed to identify similar cases, and the results showed that most of the patients underwent successful revision of the implant along with antibiotic therapy. We present this case to illustrate an alternative method of management for appropriate patients who may not be an adequate surgical candidate for prosthesis removal.
Buku Ajar Bimbingan dan Konseling (Tampilan Menu Asessment Manual BK)
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Fahyuni Eni Fariyatul , Taurusta Cindy
Published: September 2023

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, sehingga Buku Ajar Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling (Tampilan Menu Asessment Manual BK)” dapat terselesaikan dengan baik. Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan bahan-bahan tulisan baik langsung maupun tidak langsung. Penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih khususnya kepada: 1. Dr. Hidayatullah, M.Si pemangku pimpinan tertinggi yaitu Rektor Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo yang telah memberikan dan memfasilitasi dalam penulisan Buku Ajar Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling ini. 2. LP3iK Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo yang telah memfasilitasi dan mengkoordinasi dalam penulisan Buku Ajar Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling ini. 3. Dr. Istikomah, M.Ag. sebagai Dekan Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo yang telah memberikan dukungan untuk mengikuti penulisan Buku Ajar Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling ini. Akhir kata, kritik dan saran diharapkan untuk penyempurnaan Buku Ajar Layanan Bimbingan Dan Konseling ini sebagai tambahan informasi dan bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa, pendidik dan calon pendidik, serta praktisi pendidikan sebagai motivasi dalam berkarya khususnya pada bidang pembelajaran. Demikian semoga tulisan sederhana ini dapat bermanfaat bagi penulis khususnya dan para pembaca pada umumnya.
Buku Ajar Bisnis Syrkah: Teori & Aplikasi
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Krisnaningsih Diah , Fauji Imam , Masruchin Masruchin
Published: September 2023

Pada kesempatan ini, mengucapkan puji syukur kepada Allah SWT atas berkat, rahmat dan nikmat kesehatan serta kesempatan yang telah dianugrahkan Allah Subhanallahu wa ta ala sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan buku ajar Analisis Pembiayaan Murabahah Bank Syariah. Buku ini merupakan hasil riset penulis bersama tim riset ‘Aplikasi Bisnis Syrkah pada D’Durian Park, Wonosalam, Jombang, Jawa Timur” berisi teori dan aplikasi bisnis syrkah tersebut di masyarakat seperti D’Durian Park yang mengadopsi syrkah pertanian dengan system mazra’ah.Buku ini dapat dijadikan pendamping pengajaran maupun literasi tentang bisnis Islam sebagai solusi percepatan peertumbuhan bisnis di Indonesiadan aplikasi mulai dari awal merintis usaha. Buku ini memberikan pedoman tentang aplikasi bisnis syrkah agar mudah diaplikasikan oleh masyarakt Indonesia yang mayoritas muslim.
Wawasan Kebangsaan dan Keislaman 1A
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Amrulloh Muhlasin , Wardana Mahardika Darmawan Kusuma , Hikmah Khizanatul
Published: September 2023

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, sehingga modul Wawasan Keislaman dan Kebangsaan ini dapat disusun dengan baik meskipun perlu penyempurnaan lebih lanjut. Dalam modul ini kami menjelasakan tentang taat aturan bedasarkan pancasila dan islam. Modul ini disusun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik terkait materi keislaman dan kebangsaan. Sesuai dengan segmentasi peserta didik, maka modul ini disusun dengan menyesuaikan kebutuhan. Teknik penyajian yang diangkat dilakukan secara terpadu berdasarkan jenjang pendidikan. Cara ini diharapkan dapat membantu memudahkan pembelajaran terhadap peserta didik sesuai dengan jenjang pendidikan. Dalam modul ini menyajikan paparan materi yang disertai dengan latihan soal yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat ketercapaian dan ketuntasan peserta didik
How Does Being Trusted Affect Sharing? Findings from the Ultimatum Game
Authors: ÇİÇEN Yıldırım Beyazıt
Published: September 2023

Individual personalities, situational factors, and social interactions impact the fair sharing of justice. This study was conducted on 412 adults and investigated how behaviors were shaped in the Ultimatum Game. Therefore, three cases were determined, and the bidder was instructed to divide 10 thousand TL first in the typical game. Afterward, it was said that the other person was in need, and the bid was requested to be renewed. At the last stage, bids were received if there was any doubt about the needy. Consistency analysis was performed with the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient for the reliability. It was found that the scales used in the test were consistent. According to the typical game, people are more empathetic towards those in need and offer 6667 TL rather than 4264 TL. However, when a question of reliability is raised, 4658 TL is offered regardless of need. The study also found that women made higher offers to people in need than men. There was no statistical difference between the bids when the age range and graduation level differed. The findings show that the neoclassical economics concept of homo economicus, which seeks to maximize utility, is not valid in real life.
SITE-Seq: A Genome-wide Method to Measure Cas9 Cleavage
Authors: May Andrew P. , Cameron Peter , Settle Alexander H. , Fuller Chris K. , Thompson Matthew S. , Cigan A. Mark , Young Joshua K.
Published: September 2023

(Note: a correction was made to the Index Reverse primer 20 Sep2023)
CRISPR-Cas9 RNA-guided endonucleases are widely used in genome engineering, yet information on biochemical and cellular off-target cleavage activity is lacking. Here, we present a biochemical method, based on the selective enrichment and identification of adapter-tagged DNA ends by sequencing \(SITE-Seq). SITE-Seq can be used to identify off-target cleavage sites within a genomic DNA sample. This protocol details the preparation of SITE-Seq libraries for high throughput Next Generation Sequencing on the Illumina platform.