bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O.4.4-6 Preliminary research: exploring the barriers and motivators for women from an ethnic minority in South Cardiff taking part in walking and running groups
Authors: Bashir Faaiza , Hopkins Ellyse
Published: September 2023

Physical activity (PA) levels are significantly lower in women from ethnic minorities and deprived areas compared to the general population throughout Cardiff owing to barriers affecting participation (Sport Wales, 2022). Given the far-ranging benefits of PA, there was a need to explore this relationship and promote opportunities for this population.The lead researchers were employees of Cardiff Met Sport (the city's sport development body) and had stakeholder good links to develop this project.

Our work specifically relates to

 - Healthy Wales Healthy Weight - Welsh Government's long-term obesity strategy.

 - One of the 7 goals in the Well-being of Future Generations Act (2015) Wales (i.e. 'A Healthier Wales').

 - The Cardiff and Vale University Health Board's Physical Activity and Health Strategy that aims to reduce inequality through health (https://www.movemoreeatwell.co.uk).

The target audience for this work were:

 a) Walk/run leaders/physical activity providers and community groups that specifically support women from ethnic minorities (n = 10). Our focus group explored the how organisations promote diversity in their activities, and the barriers in increasing community partcipation in PA. We also talked about co-producing a walking/running pilot in the area and invited people to take part. The key themese were trust-building, culturally sensitive activities and how resource-deprivation affects women.

 b) Adult women from ethnic minorities (n = 18). We targeted populations living in South Cardiff, Wales, UK an area of deprivation. We ran 3 in-person focus groups to understand experiences of women, and the motivators and barriers to taking part in PA. Caring roles acted as a barrier and shortage of women-only spaces were highlighted. Women were active in community run activites and keen to be active.

We shared knowledge amongst walk/run leaders via e-mail and will organise a webinar to outline our findings, but are still finalising anlysis of this phase. We're developing the work by running a pilot intervention in Spring 2023.

Our participatory research has shown how to overcome the challenges of recruitment in this population. Our findings have implications for sport delivery patners (e.g. PA needs to be culturally-sensitive) and more widely shows that PA promotion cannot be separated from racial/political issues.
O.4.4-10 Policy and environmental correlates of physical activity in Croatia
Authors: Jukić Anja Maria , Brajša Fran Žganec , Jurakić Danijel
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Although there are several studies that have determined the correlates of physical activity in the Republic of Croatia, policy and environmental correlates are still unknown. Therefore, we conducted a study with the main goal to examine associations of sport and exercise participation with perception of policy and environmental factors in Croatia, including opportunities for engaging in physical activities, the sports clubs offer, and level of the support from local authorities.

Methods

The study was conducted on 1031 randomly selected Croatian citizens using questionnaire containing questions about sport and exercise, participation, engagement opportunities for physical activities, the sports clubs’ and other service providers’ offer and level of the support from local authorities. In the multivariate logistic regression, participation in sports and exercise was the dependent variable, and the independent variables were perception of opportunities for physical activity, perception of local sports clubs’ and other service providers’ offer, and perception of local government support for physical activity.

Results

According to the findings of the logistic regression analysis, local sports clubs’ and other service providers’ offer as well as government support were identified as significant predictors of engagement in sport and exercise. To be specific, individuals who perceive their local sports clubs and other service providers as providing a greater range of opportunities, as well as those who feel that their local government supports physical activity, are more inclined to engage in sports and exercise activities. (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Future strategies aimed to motivate citizens to engage in sports and exercise should be based on encouraging local authorities to collaborate with sports clubs and other service providers to create an enabling environment that supports physical activity participation. This could include providing funding and resources to sports clubs and service providers to enable them to offer a wider range of opportunities that cater to the diverse interests and needs of individuals in the community.

Funding

This work was supported by the Erasmus the “Creating Mechanisms for Continuous Implementation of the Sports Club for Health Guidelines in the European Union” (SCforH 2020-22) project, funded by the Erasmus+ Collaborative Partnerships grant (ref: 613434-EPP-1-2019-1-HR-8 SPO-SCP).
O.4.5-1 Device-measured physical activity and sedentary time in a national sample of Luxembourg residents: moving beyond the traditional metrics in the ORISCAV-LUX 2 study
Authors: Malisoux Laurent , Backes Anne , Aguayo Gloria A , Collings Paul James
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This is the first study aiming at describing the volume and pattern of device-measured movement behaviours performed by adults living in Luxembourg, spanning the full intensity spectrum, and including markers of sedentary time accumulation. We also demonstrated the added value of a multidimensional approach for the comparison of sub-populations.

Methods

This observational study included Luxembourg residents aged 18-79y who each provided ≥4 valid days of triaxial accelerometry in 2016-18 (n = 1122). Compliance with the current international physical activity (PA) guideline was quantified. Linear regression models were used to quantify variability in average 24h acceleration (indicative of PA volume), awake-time PA levels, sedentary time and accumulation pattern with sociodemographic characteristics and other covariates. Data were weighted to be nationally representative.

Results

Overall, participants spent 51% of daily sedentary time (12.1 h/day), 11% in light PA (2.7 h/day), 6% in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA; 1.5 h/day), and remaining time asleep (7.7 h/day). Adherence to the current PA guideline was high (98.1%), but drop to 22% when including only bouts >10min. Although time spent in MVPA did not differ between women and men, average 24h acceleration and light PA were higher in women than men, while men achieved higher average accelerations across the most active periods of the day. Women performed less sedentary time and shorter sedentary bouts. Older participants (≥55y) registered a lower average 24h acceleration and engaged in less MVPA, more sedentary time and longer sedentary bouts. Average 24h acceleration was higher in participants of lower educational attainment, who also performed less sedentary time, shorter bouts, and fewer bouts of prolonged sedentariness. Average 24h acceleration and levels of PA were higher in participants with standing and manual occupations than a sedentary work type, but manual workers registered lower average accelerations across the most active periods of the day. Standing and manual workers accumulated less sedentary time and fewer bouts of prolonged sedentariness than sedentary workers.

Conclusions

Traditional metrics may incompletely reflect differences in the physical behaviour between sub-populations. Breaking up continuous sedentary periods and replacing sedentary time with active alternatives should be the focus of public health initiatives in Luxembourg.

Funding

Luxembourg Institute of Health.
O.4.5-2 Participation in organized and unorganized sports in adolescence: associations with physical activity levels in adulthood
Authors: Suominen Tuuli , Pahkala Katja , Rovio Suvi , Young Xiaolin , Kulmala Janne , Hirvensalo Mirja , Raitakari Olli , Tammelin Tuija , Salin Kasper
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Participation in organized youth sports (OYS) has been linked to higher levels of physical activity (PA) in adulthood. However, the longitudinal associations of OYS and PA compared to unorganized sports and non-participation have not been extensively studied. This study aims to explore the associations of both organized and unorganized sports in adolescence with PA levels in midlife.

Methods

Participants in this study were drawn from the on-going, population-based prospective Young Finns Study. Data from follow-ups conducted in the years 1980, 1983, 1986, and 1989 were utilized to divide the participants into groups of active OYS, active unorganized sports, and non-participants, separately at the ages of 9 (n = 548), 12 (n = 727), 15 (n = 752), and 18 (n = 767). The groups were formed according to self-reported frequency and intensity of leisure time PA and participation in sports club activities in adolescence. Accelerometer-derived PA (mean daily minutes of sedentary time [ST], light-intensity PA [LPA], and moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]) in midlife was assessed in 2018-2020. Differences in adult PA between the youth PA groups were analyzed using analysis of covariance, separately in males and females.

Results

Compared to non-participants, boys who actively participated in OYS at age 9 had lower ST (mean difference [SE]: -38 [15], p = 0.045) and higher LPA (29 [12], p = 0.050) in midlife. No significant group differences were observed for girls at age 9 or for either sex at age 12 or 15, or for boys at age 18. In girls at age 18, significant group differences were found in MVPA in midlife in favor of both organized and unorganized sports compared to non-participants (15 [3], p < 0.001; 8 [3], p = 0.014, respectively).

Conclusions

Active participation in organized sports in boys at age 9 and active participation in both organized and unorganized sports in girls at age 18 associated with higher levels of physical activity in midlife. These findings suggest that promoting both types of sports participation in adolescence may contribute to the development of a physically active lifestyle across the life course.

Support/Funding Source

The work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture.
O.4.5-8 Intergenerational transmission of sport club participation
Authors: Salin Kasper
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The Purpose of the study was to investigate the association of parents physical activity (PA) to the offspring PA in different ages. The main research question was to find out whether there is intergenerational transmission of sport club participation and how this is related to the gender of parent.

Methods

The study included data from two generations, G0 (parents) and G1 (offspring). G0 included parents from six cohorts, aged 41-56, a total of 2,324 (54% female). For the sport participation analyses, children and adolescents aged 9-18 were included, consisting of 1269 participants (52% female). Self-reported questionnaire of parents PA was collected in 1980-1989 and similar questions were collected from offspring in 2018-2020.

Results

Parents sport club participation in childhood at age 9 was associated with offspring participation in ages 9-15 (.315-223**), at age 12 with ages 9-12 (.240**-.135*), at age 15 only with age 12 (.180*) and at age 18 with ages 12-15 (.225-176*). Girls (offspring) participation in younger ages seemed to be associated with parents’ participation in ages 9-15 (.385*-.326), while among boys, participation in age 18 was associated with parents participation in ages 9-12;18, (.564-390*). Association between mother and son was found especially in ages 9-12 (.275-.441*), while father’s participation in age 18 was associated with sons’ participation at the age of 18 (.634**) and with daughter’s participation at the age of 15 (.377*).

Conclusions

Parent’s example seems to be important at the younger ages to engage to sport participation. Mothers and fathers have different influence on PA of their offspring.

Support/Funding Source

The work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture (36/626/2020).
O.4.6-2 Evaluation of a school-based physical activity and sport programs policy: the importance of teacher training
Authors: Valencia-Peris Alexandra , Pérez-Herráez Isabel , Evangelio Carlos , Ferriz-Morell Roberto , Lizandra Jorge
Published: September 2023

Purpose

School-based interventions are considered the best approach to increase young people’s physical activity levels, although their effectiveness and sustainability remain unclear. This work aims to determine if a school-based physical activity and sports programs (PASP) policy is being evaluated by schools.

Methods

A representative sample of 257 Active schools in the Valencian Community (Spain) participated in the study. The coordinator of each school answered an ad-hoc on-line questionnaire, consisting of 47 open and closed questions aimed to identify the Active school coordinators’ profiles and the actions implemented to foster PASP and their assessment. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were conducted on SPSS Statistics v. 26.0 software.

Results

Fifty-one percent of the Active schools had a commission in charge of designing, implementing, and evaluating the PASP (30.7% formed by teachers, 1.6% by teachers and students and 4.3% by teachers, students, and their families). However, in many cases this commission never actually met (49%) and the rest met with the following frequency: once a school year (14.4%), once a term (4.3%), once a month (1.6%) and weekly (30.7%). Nearly 80% of the schools carried out some form of PASP evaluation: by diagnosis (19.5%), monitoring (43.2%), effectiveness (44.7%) or final meetings in the educational cycle (20.6%). Both having a commission χ2(1)=9.385; p<.05) and evaluating the PASP χ2(1)=14.154; p<.05) depended on whether the school coordinators had received specific training related to promoting physical activity, sports and health.

Conclusions

Only half of the Active schools had PASP evaluation commissions and most of these met very infrequently. Although most of the Active schools did evaluate their interventions, less than half focused on their effectiveness. Teacher training was a determining factor in both creating these commissions and developing PASP assessment processes. These results show the importance of improving pre- and in-service teacher training, especially for Physical Education teachers in relation to health education and PASP promotion in school settings.

Funding

This study was funded by Grant AICO/2021/342 of the CIUCSD (Spain), Postdoc grant Margarita Salas funded by the University of Castilla-La Mancha [MS2021] and predoctoral contract UV-INV-PREDOC20-1339837 funded by University of Valencia.
O.4.6-4 Engagement and knowledge in a participatory systems approach to promote physical activity and mental health at vocational schools in Denmark: the Data Health study
Authors: Klinker Charlotte Demant , Bauman Adrian , Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Krølner Rikke Fredenslund , Heinze Clara
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Strong community engagement and capacity have been associated with positive intervention outcomes in community-based participatory health promotion interventions. The Data-driven Health Promotion at Vocational schools (Data Health) study aims to catalyze systems change in vocational school settings through community-led collective health promoting actions targeting physical activity and mental health among students. Three Group Model Building (GMB 1-3) sessions were delivered at eight intervention sites to build capacity and engage schools, municipalities, and communities. As part of the process evaluation, we assessed level of stakeholder knowledge, used as an indicator for capacity, and engagement prior to implementation of actions.

Methods

Data were collected among participants at GMB-3 during 2022 using a modified version of the validated Stakeholder-driven Community Diffusion Survey assessing two factors: knowledge (eight items) and engagement (16 items). Five-point Likert scale scores were recoded to values between 0 (strongly disagree) to 1 (strongly agree) and means for each factor were calculated. T-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare level of knowledge and engagement by type of community actor and health theme.

Results

Across intervention sites, 120 completed the survey; >95% of all participants. Four sites (71 respondents) had chosen mental health as their focus area prior to GMB-3 while four sites had chosen physical activity (49 respondents). Most respondents were students (58%), followed by Civic society actors (19%), vocational school staff (19%), Municipal staff (6%) and vocational management (3%) (2% missing). Mean level of engagement was 0.89 and mean level of knowledge was 0.78. Significant differences were found for both factors by chosen health theme (with lower levels at mental health sites, p < 0.05) and type of community actor (with lower levels among student and municipal staff, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

High levels of knowledge among local stakeholders are needed to understand and support diffusion of evidence-informed interventions through the community; high levels of engagement are a prerequisite for inducing collaborative and sustainable efforts. Assessment of knowledge and engagement prior to implementation of actions is important to understand outcomes across intervention sites in the Data Health study.

Support/Funding Source

The Danish Regions, Tværspuljen, Helsefonden, University of Southern Denmark, in-kind contributions.
O.5.1-5 Influence of the parental perception of the neighborhood environment on physical activity and active school commuting in Ecuadorian children
Authors: Escandón Samuel Adrián , Molina María José , Sanchez Vinicio , Ochoa Angélica , Van Dyck Delfien
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Physical inactivity among children is considered a multidimensional problem. This study examines the relationships between parents' perceptions of the neighborhood environment with physical activity (PA) and active school commuting among urban children from Cuenca-Ecuador.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2018 and March 2019 among 1028 children (8 to 12 years old) and their parents/guardians. Children's PA levels were objectively measured using accelerometers (Actigraph). Parent's perceptions of their neighborhood aesthetics, traffic, and crime hazards were assessed using the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (NEWS-Y) parent version. Active school commuting (ASC) was evaluated using a validated tool applied to the children. Children who reported walking or using a bicycle to commute to and from school five days a week were classified as active commuters. Multivariate ordinary least squares and logistic regressions models were performed to determine associations between parents' perceptions of the neighborhood environment with PA and ASC, respectively.

Results

Complete data were available from 711 children (52% female) and 521 parents. The parental perceptions of the neighborhood aesthetics (Mean: 2.68; DE:0.75) and traffic hazards (Mean: 2.44; DE:0.44) were not associated with children's physical activity. Neighborhood crime safety (Mean:2.64; DE:0.74) score was negatively associated with the children's vigorous physical activity (Mean:14.50 minutes/day; DE:8.66) level (β = -1.52 minutes/day; DE = 0.52; p < 0.004). After adjusting for walking distance and car ownership, parental perception of neighborhood aesthetics, traffic, and crime hazards were not associated with ASC.

Conclusions

Crime hazard was identified as the main barrier to children's vigorous PA. The neighborhood environment seems not to be associated with children's ASC. Future studies should identify the determinants for ASC, and comprehensive policies are urgently needed to overcome crime hazards in Ecuador

Funding source

Universidad de Cuenca, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Sede Cuenca.
O.5.1-8 Modal shift towards the e-bike: preliminary results from a systematic review on factors influencing the use of e-bikes
Authors: Lorenz Eva Christina , Yürür Buse , Bieniosek Laura , Gelius Peter , Abu-Omar Karim
Published: September 2023

Background

In the last decade, the use of electric bikes (e-bikes) has become increasingly common due to rapid advances in technology. This has led to an increased number of publications aimed at investigating individual factors and beliefs that influence a modal shift towards e-bikes. To our knowledge, there is currently no review summarizing the evidence on individual motivations, facilitators, and barriers for e-bike use. This review aims at providing an overview of the current state of the art regarding individual choices and intrinsic factors to change from other modes of transport to e-bikes.

Methods

Searching for the term e-bike its synonyms and permutations on the databases SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychINFO resulted in a total of 3,317 hits after removing duplicates. Screening of title/abstract and full-text screening is currently being conducted independently by three researchers using Covidence. Studies reporting on personal decision-making factors and reasons for a modal shift to a private e-bike are considered eligible for inclusion in this study. Studies focusing on public e-bike services are excluded. Studies will be analyzed regarding (a) research quality, (b) factors and reasons for model shift, and (c) information about the investigated populations.

Results

Preliminary results show a substantial increase in scientific studies related to e-bikes. After the title and abstract screening, 121 studies were included for full-text screening. Preliminary results allow assumptions about two different aspects: (a) Most studies connected the modal shift to e-bikes to facilitators rather than to barriers. Financial, temporal and social factors, along with enjoyment, health and ease of commuting seem to be among the motivators to change to an e-bike as a means of transportation, (b) the majority of studies focused on middle-aged and older populations.

Conclusion

The identified articles and their summary show the increased relevance of e-bikes in current research and public health. Our results may contribute to understanding the subjective reasons why people change their mode of transport to the e-bike. This knowledge may be useful for implementing public health interventions, infrastructure developments, and policies. More research is needed to better understand these factors and their impact.
O.5.1-9 Doping intention in cyclists: interaction effects of achievement goals and athlete burnout
Authors: Corrion Karine , Filleul Valentine , Vivier Emma , Meinadier Eric , Maillot Jacky , Isoard-gautheur Sandrine , Fruchart Eric , d’Arripe-Longueville Fabienne
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Doping remains a significant issue in cycling, leading to potential health, economic or mediatic consequences. The role of sociocognitive variables in doping is well identified and the 2 x 2 model of the achievement goals theory suggests that mastery-approach (MAp) goals are protective whereas mastery-avoidance (MAv), performance (approach PAp, avoidance PAv) goals are maladaptive. Previous research has shown that burnout would be related to doping in academic and professional contexts (Patel, 2019) and more recently in sport (Filleul et al., 2022). However, the specific roles of achievement goals and burnout regarding doping remain to be identified. We expected to observe an interaction effect between achievement goals and burnout on doping intention.

Methods

Our study applied Anderson’s methodology (2008) with realistic scenarios in which the cyclist was faced with the decision to use doping substances (e.g., Fruchart et al., 2019). We manipulated achievement goals (x4; Riou et al., 2012) and athlete burnout (x2; Isoard-Gautheur et al., 2018; Shirom & Melamed, 2006) yielding to eight scenarios. The participants were 71 French competitive road cyclists (58 males, Mage = 17.24, SD = 3.34) recruited in cycling structures. We assessed participants’ both explicit and implicit doping attitudes at baseline and then measured the doping intention for each scenario, on a 11-point Likert-scale. Repeated Measures ANOVAs were used to examine the within-subject interaction effects of the manipulated variables on doping intention. Post hoc tests were then conducted for comparisons between conditions.

Results

We found a significant interaction effect between achievement goals and athlete burnout on doping intention (F(2.485, 173.924) = 4.506, p = .008, ηp2 = .060). Cyclists reported significantly higher doping intention (Pholm <.01) in the scenarios with: (a) PAp-burnout rather than in MAp-burnout, (b) PAp-burnout rather than in PAp-no burnout, and (c) MAv-burnout rather than in MAv-no burnout situation.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that burnout may play a key role in understanding the effects of achievement goals on doping intentions. We recommend sport organizations and coaches to focus on promoting mastery-approach climates and on implementing interventions to prevent burnout, such as stress management and coping strategies.
O.5.1-10 Promoting mobility among wellbeing employees in Lahti, Finland
Authors: Hämäläinen Riitta-Maija
Published: September 2023

Versatile everyday physical activity outdoors increases the wellbeing of people of all ages and prevents illnesses. The amount of physical activity among working-age people affects coping and recovery at work and wellbeing after work. A healthy, safe, and sustainable living environment supports everyday physical activity and mobility outdoors. Within the NatureStep to Health programme 2022-2032 the Wellbeing services county of Päijät-Häme, Lahti, Finland promotes mobility among employees to in-crease nature contacts and to improve health.

The Wellbeing services county of Päijät-Häme piloted sustainable mobility among employees. The county employs approximately 7600 persons, of which 89% are women, for health, social and rescue services. The Wellbeing services county of Päijät-Häme aimed to build recommendations to provide occupational benefit packages for employees. The pilots were expected to provide information on short-term, intermediate, and long-term outcomes for planning, developing and selecting further actions on sustainable mobility.

The pilots focused on how employer provided sustainable mobility initiatives were adopted by employ-ees. The pilots included employer-subsidized commuter tickets for local transport, employer-provided bicycle benefits and shared city e-bikes and e-scooters during the working day covered by employer. The employer-subsidized commuter tickets are personal tickets meant for commuting free of taxes up to 3 400 €/year. An employer-provided bicycle benefit is a bicycle intended for the employeés personal use for commuting by tax-deductible income up to 1 200€/year.

Despite the short pilot approach to increase mobility and the limited number of participants, they were loyal and eager to continue the provided mobility modes after the pilot period. The participants' com-muting distances were short to switch to alternative modes of transport in a strongly female-dominated workplace.

The pilot confirms that sustainable mobility supports employees’ wellbeing, increase physical activity, and decrease the costs of commuting spilling over to increase free time mobility as well. Employers have an active role in both implementing sustainable mobility incentives and in supporting the continua-tion by human resource policies. The maintenance of mobility requires appropriate facilities, such as safe and covered well-located bicycle parking, dressing rooms, lockers, and showers. The initiative shows employer's commitment to the mobility shift and corporate responsibility.
O.5.2-1 Return to running after childbirth: barriers and facilitators
Authors: James Megan , Crone Diane , Evans Lynne , Stiles Victoria , Moore Isabel
Published: September 2023

Purpose

To investigate barriers to and facilitators of returning to running after childbirth, to inform the design of a return to running intervention.

Methods

The study adopted a mixed-methods design, using an e-survey for data collection with 503 postpartum runners (age: 34.8 ± 3.8 years) within 24 months after childbirth. The e-survey comprised closed- (quantitative) and open-ended (qualitative) questions. The closed-ended questions related to demographics, birth details, physical activity and running behaviour. The open-ended questions focussed on respondents’ experiences and opinions on the barriers and facilitators that ‘helped’, ‘hindered’ or ‘would have helped’ them to return to running. Quantitative data were presented as medians with interquartile ranges (IQR) and proportions. Free text responses to the open-ended questions were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

On completion of the e-survey, participants were a median time of 10 months post-birth (IQR: 5-16). Of the cohort, 81% had returned to running (n = 405), with a median time of 12 weeks (IQR: 8-16) to first post-birth run. However, only just over a third of those who had returned to running had returned to at least their pre-pregnancy level (n = 146). Prominent themes for what ‘helped’, ‘hindered’ and ‘would have helped’ mothers return to running included psychological factors, physical factors that affected recovery, presence or absence of advice, degrees of childcare, time and access to running, as well as availability of training programmes and social support.

Conclusions

The key barriers to and facilitators of returning to running after childbirth were psychological, physical, and social in nature, with a number of possible interactions between them. The findings suggest the need for the development of an interdisciplinary intervention to address these factors holistically to support postpartum women in returning to running. Future research, utilising more in-depth methods such as interviews or focus groups, should be undertaken to increase understanding of some of these barriers and facilitators further. In particular, exploration of the possible interactions between these factors would allow for the design of an intervention that is appropriate to these relationships.

Support/Funding Source

Funded PhD studentiship from the Economic and Social Research Council.
O.5.3-4 Key components in the implementation of a co-produced framework for community-based physical activity promotion: a comparative case study of six diverse pilot communities
Authors: Dippon Lea , Helsper Natalie , Kohler Simone , Weber Philipp , Birkholz Leonie , Rütten Alfred , Pfeifer Klaus , Semrau Jana
Published: September 2023

Purpose

As part of the project KOMBINE, we co-produced a framework with nine key components for community-based physical activity promotion (c-PAP) focusing on health equity together with stakeholders from policy, practice and research. We then implemented the framework in six diverse pilot communities (PC). The aim of this study is to analyse process and output of the participatory implementation.

Methods

The framework includes six phases: (1) preparation, (2) assessment, (3) setting up cooperative planning groups including steering committees (4) organization of the planning process, (5) development and (6) implementation of measures. We used an online questionnaire and meeting minutes to evaluate the process by means of qualitative content analysis. We then compared the PC regarding the four key components intersectoral collaboration, participation, political support and resources. For the output evaluation, we conducted a document analysis of the action plans from phase 5.

Results

Each PC established a cooperative planning group with intersectoral collaboration. The participation of people with social disadvantages proved to be challenging, but was more successful in rural compared to urban PC. Further, some PC had to invest many resources to ensure political support and had difficulties involving high-ranking political stakeholders, while in others political support was a given throughout the entire process. Personnel resources were a highly relevant topic in all PC, while financial resources played a bigger role in rural and socioeconomically deprived PC. The output was a broad range of measures (personal skills (n = 28), infrastructure (n = 70), policy action (n = 11), and community action (n = 3)) relevant to the specific needs of each PC.

Conclusions

Through the analysis, we shed light on the interplay between context, process and output and the role of key components for the successful implementation of sustainable and equitable c-PAP in different contexts. Next steps are the evaluation of outcome and impact to inform the effective scale up of this approach.

Funding Source

This work was supported by the Federal Centre of Health Education (BZgA) on behalf of and with funds from the statutory health insurances according to § 20a SGB V in the context of the GKV Alliance for Health (https://www.gkv-buendnis.de).
O.5.3-6 Community-based physical activity promotion in Germany: a systematic overview and good practice projects
Authors: Dippon Lea , Helsper Natalie , Kohler Simone , Weber Philipp , Birkholz Leonie , Rütten Alfred , Pfeifer Klaus , Semrau Jana
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Approaches to community-based physical activity promotion (c-PAP) are recommended to counteract physical inactivity in the population. The aim of this study was to present a systematic overview of the practice of c-PAP in Germany. Furthermore, we aimed to identify good practice projects to provide guidance for the implementation and scale up of c-PAP.

Methods

In the first step, we identified projects by searching 4 scientific databases and 21 project databases. For each project, we extracted data on “federal state”, “consideration of health equity” and “implementation in urban or rural areas”. In addition, we sorted the included projects into different types of community-based approaches. In the next step, we assessed projects with a documented process and/or outcome evaluation using quality criteria for the phases of conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation. Projects that fulfilled at least 50% of the quality criteria were selected as good practice projects.

Results

We identified a total of 240 c-PAP projects. Rural areas primarily implemented environmental approaches while urban areas focused more on multi-component approaches as well as offers and events. 45 projects showed adequate documentation of the process and/or outcome evaluation, of which 17 projects were identified as good practice.

Conclusions

Overall, there is potential for improvement in addressing health equity, an active participation of people with social disadvantages over the entire project cycle as well as the implementation of multi-component approaches. This requires funding programs that allow for good practice projects, which establish structures and particularly reach disadvantaged communities. A jointly adopted standard by stakeholders from policy, practice, and research for the application of quality criteria along with a classification for good practice could be an asset for further strategic development of c-PAP in Germany.

Funding Source

This work was supported by the Federal Centre of Health Education (BZgA) on behalf of and with funds from the statutory health insurances according to § 20a SGB V in the context of the GKV Alliance for Health (www.gkv-buendnis.de).
O.6.1-5 Potential moderators of the association between fundamental movement skills and academic attainment of adolescents: a path analysis
Authors: Mackintosh Kelly A , Hill Philip J , McNarry Melitta A
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Fundamental movement skills (FMS) provide a crucial foundation for the development of complex movement patterns involved in physical activity and sport. Further, FMS and skill acquisition are proposed to have a moderating influence on the association between physical activity and cognitive stimulation. Despite this, there remains scant literature investigating this relationship in adolescents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the association between object control and locomotor skills and subject-specific academic attainment in adolescents, and to ascertain whether this association is moderated by perceived sports competence, sex, weight status and/or maturational status.

Methods

FMS were assessed in 140 children (70 girls; 12.8±1.9 years) using the Test of Gross Motor Development V.3 (TGMD-3). Numeracy reasoning, numeracy procedural and reading were determined using standardised national assessments and potential moderating variables (perceived sports competence [Children and Youth Physical self-perception profile – Youth], Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores, and biological maturity [predicted age at peak height velocity]) were recorded. Path analysis was performed using maximum likelihood estimation to analyse the hypothesised direct and moderated associations between FMS and each aspect of academic attainment, whilst controlling for age and sex. The moderating role of sex was subsequently assessed using multi-group analysis and comparing a fully-constrained model. The moderating effects of perceived sports competence, BMI z-score and biological maturity were analysed using the interaction-moderation approach.

Results

Path analysis revealed a significant association between object-control skill competence and both numeracy procedural (β=0.33; p = <0.001) and numeracy reasoning (β=0.29; p = <0.001). In contrast, there was no association between locomotor skills and any parameter of academic attainment. Perceived sports competence moderated the association between object-control skills and numeracy procedural (β=0.16; p = 0.045) and reading (β=0.25; p = 0.003), while BMI z-score moderated the association between object control skills and numeracy reasoning (β=0.17; p = 0.048).

Conclusions

These results highlight the importance of object-control skills for cognitive development in adolescents. The continued development of FMS, specifically object-control skills, within cognitively-enriched experiences should be a key strategic aim in the curriculum. These findings are imperative for school buy-in for school-based physical activity promoting interventions.
O.6.1-11 Children’s play and physical activity levels in a natural playground: an observational case study from the Netherlands
Authors: Bliekendaal Sander , Ekkel Dinand
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Natural playgrounds stimulate active play in children and, as such, support their healthy development. Therefore, the municipality of Almere (The Netherlands), aims to develop more natural playgrounds within its neighbourhoods and parks. However, insight into how children play in these playgrounds is lacking, which is needed for optimal playgrounds design and policy development. Therefore, this study aimed to map the usage of a typical natural playground in Almere.

Methods

In this observational case study, direct observations (4 days, 4 times a day) of visitors (number, gender, age category, physical activity level, activity) were conducted using the SOPARC method at the natural playground in the Cascade park in Almere (approx. 218.000 inhabitants). This playground (size: 1.5ha) is located at the centre of a neighbourhood and has a natural surface (i.e. grass, sand) and various amenities (e.g. swings, zip-line, slides, climber, hills, sand play area, tiny forest). Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the data. A chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in physical activity levels (sedentary, moderate to vigorous physical activity) between boys and girls.

Results

A total of 287 people were observed at the playgrounds, with an average of 18 people (SD = 15, range: 3-50) per measurement. Most visitors were children (56%), followed by adults (29%), teenagers (14%), and seniors (1%). More girls (56%) were observed and more than half of the children (58%) were playing actively. Physical activity levels of boys and girls were similar (p=.81). The children’s main activities were walking (33%), standing (15%), running (14%), sitting (11%), climbing or sliding (9%), and chasing games (7%).

Conclusions

The playground was mainly used by children, slightly favouring girls. More than half of the children were involved in physically active play, which mostly was a locomotor type of activity. Boys and girls had similar physical activity levels.

Funding Source

This study was supported by a SIA fund (HBOPD.2018.05.57).
O.6.3-2 Implementation of a systems approach for co-creating actions to promote vocational students’ physical activity and wellbeing
Authors: Heinze Clara , Sidenius Anne , Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Krølner Rikke Fredenlund , Klinker Charlotte Demant
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Participatory systems approaches are suggested to address the complexity of health promotion in communities but has not been tested and adapted to school settings.

The Data-driven Health Promotion at Vocational schools (Data Health) study aims to test and evaluate a systems approach to create collective actions to promote health among students. Three Group Model Building (GMB1-3) sessions were applied at eight vocational schools, with involvement from the local community, to develop a causal loop diagram (CLD), prioritise evidence-informed actions, and develop implementation strategies. This process evaluation aimed to determine if the GMB sessions were implemented as intended across intervention sites.

Methods

According to the Medical Research Council guidelines, six components were assessed: recruitment, reach, fidelity, dose delivered and received and context.

Data included registration and observation notes from the workshops (n = 24) and recorded and transcribed qualitative interviews with the school programme-coordinators (n = 8). All data were analysed thematically.

Results

At all intervention sites GMB sessions were completed in 2022, with representation of students, school staff and managers, the municipal staff and local community actors. Based on local data, four intervention sites chose to target physical activity and four sites chose wellbeing. At most intervention sites, attendance (reach) from all participant groups fell below expectation. Especially recruitment of school staff (average no. of participants n = 1.75; range 0-3) and managers (average no. of participants n = 0.63; range 0-2) was challenging, with lack of time as the main reason for non-attendance. The expected 'dose' of the GMB sessions was delivered to participants, whereas fidelity, conceptualised as consistency in delivery, was mixed due to contextual circumstances e.g. school size.

The school programme coordinators were generally positive about the GMB sessions but indicated mixed opinions about the value of CLDs to guide the discussion in this setting.

Conclusions

The Data Health study is the first to apply a systems approach to health promotion among vocational students and adapt GMB methodologies to school settings. Understanding the implementation of a systems approach in a school setting provides vital knowledge for researchers and practitioners regarding enablers and barriers of this approach.

Funding Sources

The Danish Regions, Tværspuljen, Helsefonden.
O.6.3-5 A national audit into the different levels of typical school provision of physical education, physical activity and sports in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Rocliffe Padraic , O'Keeffe Brendan , Sherwin Ian , Mannix-McNamara Patricia , MacDonncha Ciaran
Published: September 2023

International guidelines recommend sixty-minutes of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (PA) daily for adolescents (WHO, 2020). Prevalence of physical inactivity is high and is regarded as a leading risk factor for death worldwide, contributing to the onset of non-communicable diseases with just 20% of adolescents meeting the recommended PA guidelines (Guthold et al., 2020). Physical inactivity cost $67.5 billion worldwide in 2013 and is estimated to reach over €110 billion in 2030 (WHO, 2022). Despite the worldwide adoption of school PE, PA and sport policies to promote PA and health, paralleled with significant investment, a gap in the literature exists that audits the different levels of typical school provision of PE, PA and sports.

Participating schools (n = 112) completed the validated PE, PA and sports provision evaluation index. A One-way ANOVA with Tukey Kramer's Post-Hoc test was performed to examine variation in the demographic profile relative to the indicators of provision. A proposed grade for each indicator of provision was established using a standardized, international grading system.

Half of schools had no outdoor all-weather surface (54.5%). Two thirds had no facilities to accommodate active transport (66.1%). One in five felt the percentage of the budget given towards PE, PA and sports was inadequate (19.6%). Regarding indicators of provision, partnerships received the lowest grade (C-) while facilities and equipment received the highest grade (B-). Provision scores for personnel were significantly higher for mixed schools (girls/boys) in comparison to girls schools. Provision scores for budget and partnerships were significantly higher for larger schools (>800) then small schools (<300).

The evidence suggests that while there has been a significant shift in focus both in policy development and the availability of financial resources to enhance typical school provision of PE, PA and sports for adolescent health, considerable modification of existing provision is required to potentiate positive impact.
O.6.3-9 Intervention adaption protocol for the holistic school-based intervention, Youth-Physical Activity Towards Health, within a Danish context
Authors: Amholt Thea Toft , Kurtzhals Mette , Melby Paulina , Elsborg Peter , Nielsen Glen , Bentsen Peter
Published: September 2023

Introduction

In recent years, the concept of physical literacy (PL) has gained interest worldwide. Yet, only a few interventions targeting PL exist on a global scale. A promising theory-based and nationally tested intervention, Youth-Physical Activity Towards Health (Y-PATH), has proven to be effective in improving children's and adolescents’ physical activity levels and motor skills in Ireland. Using this protocol, we aim to context-adapt the Irish Y-PATH into an intervention that works through the schools in Denmark and targets PL among pupils in 4th and 5th grades.

Methods and analysis

We apply a stepwise approach to intervention adaptation, inspired by the Medical Research Council’s guidance for developing complex interventions as well as the ‘consensus informed guidance for adapting interventions to achieve a good fit between the intervention and context’ (ADAPT) process model and its principles and actions. First, we combine evidence synthesis with stakeholders' and researchers’ engagement to identify relevant and tentative adaptations and to understand barriers and enablers of the promotion of physical literacy in school-based interventions. Next, we adjust and improve our intervention adaptation ideas by collecting detailed data through interviews with purposively sampled stakeholders and pre-pilot tests of selected prototypes of materials in a ‘real-world’ setting. Finally, we clarify the intervention adaptations – its components, materials, and content – in a discussion with purposively sampled stakeholders, and finally, we test the study design.

Expected results and outcomes

A Danish version of the Y-PATH intervention, ready for feasibility testing within a Danish context, and a TIDieR intervention description checklist suitable for testing and further refinement in a feasibility study. The process will further increase our knowledge and understanding of the Danish school context as well as the teacher and pupils’ needs for an intervention promoting PL. In this presentation, we will present the preliminary results from the adaptation process, including the intervention components, materials, and content.

Funding

The intervention adaptation forms part of an overarching feasibility study that is financed by the Foundation TrygFonden (Grant ID #153181).