bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Emergence of CaO-MgO based Binary Oxides of Alkaline Earth Metals as Cost-effective Solid Base Heterogeneous Catalysts and Sorbents: (A Mini Review)
Authors: Bandalla Siddaramagoud , Mavurapu Satyanarayana , jonnalagadda Sreekantha B , Vasam Chandra Sekhar
Published: December 2023

The mono or single oxides of alkaline earth metals such as CaO and MgO are a type of non-toxic and non-corrosive solid-base heterogeneous catalysts. Nevertheless, these mono oxide particles can agglomerate and form larger and less active particles at certain temperatures and reduces their catalytic activity. Therefore, the use of thermally stable CaO-MgO binary oxides is recommended. Further, the possible synergistic interactions between two metal centers provides cooperative catalytic behavior to improve catalytic activity compared to their single oxide counterparts. Therefore, the main theme of this review article is to highlight the ability of reported CaO-MgO based alkaline earth binary oxides as cost-effective and efficient solid-base catalysts in variety of organic transformations and to expand their scope in many other unexplored non-asymmetric organic transformations. Literature survey reveals that CMBOs are highly considerable in optimizing recognized organic transformations such as Transesterification, Knoevenagel/Aldol condensations, Isomerization, Oligomerization, Acetylation, Henry reaction, Alcoholysis, Aza-Michael addition, Cracking of Alkanes, H2-production via steam reforming, Photodegradation of organic pollutants and so forth. The literature survey further visualizes that the surface properties of CMBOs such as Brønsted/ Lewis’s basicity, surface area, particle size, structural diversity, Ca: Mg ratios and synergism between Ca and Mg in CMBOs are very useful to promote them as efficient catalysts compared to their single oxide counterparts (pure CaO and pure MgO). The rightness of proposed mechanisms of abovementioned organic reactions by CMBO catalysts is elicited by this review. Moreover, the precursors for CMBOs are inexpensive, highly abundant and eco-compatible. Apart from the catalytic applications, the suitability of the CMBOs in sorption studies including CO2 uptake, ethanol steam reforming, and heavy metal ion removal is also covered.
Selected Coastal Plants as Potential Treatment for Pneumonia Disease: Determination of Their Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity Against some Pneumonia Bacteria
Authors: Hanifah Wahdini , Andriani Yosie , Zin Nor Atikah Mohamed , Ryandini Dini , Abdul Majid Fadzillah Adibah , Subhan eginer , Muhammad Tengku Sifzizul Tengku
Published: December 2023

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection caused by microorganisms including bacteria. Current treatment with antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance. An alternative treatment involves utilizing coastal plants. In this study, five parts of eleven coastal plants underwent phytochemicals screening and investigated for their antibacterial activity against five pneumonia bacteria. Cold extraction was performed using hexane and methanol, successively. Qualitative phytochemicals screening and antibacterial testing were done using several reagents and agar well diffusion method, respectively. The results revealed that almost all hexane and methanolic fractions from coastal plants showed antibacterial activity, except Vitex rotundifolia leaves. The highest activity was shown by hexane fraction of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves. Among the methanolic fractions, Syzigium grande twigs exhibited the highest antibacterial property. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids in all active fractions, potentially correlating with their antibacterial activity. In summary, some selected coastal plants have the potential to act as anti-pneumonia bacteria agents.
Synthesis of Novel Organic Compound as Corrosion Inhibitor in Hydrochloric acid Medium-A Comparative Study
Authors: Vimala M , V Vchandrasekaran
Published: December 2023

A novel organic compound derivativeof Benzothiazole,BFCPA[N- Substitued-1,3-benzo-thiazol-2pheny-2-[4-(furan-2-carbonyl)piperazin-1-phenyl] acetamidehas beensynthesizied and used as inhibitor on mild steelcorrosion in 1N and 2N HCl acidic medium.Using this inhibitor the rate of orrosion and inhibitor efficiency was analysed by mass loss data and electrochemical analysis.Byincreasing concentration of the inhibitor BFCPA exhibits good corrosion inhibition effectiveness less corrosion rate shows the electron donating property.The structure of BFCPA has been confirmed using various spectral studies. Based on adsorption studies it reveals Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
RP-HPLC Method for Content of Genotoxic 4-methoxybenzyl Chloride in Venlafaxine
Authors: Khadangale Santosh T. , Dhalape Vitthal M. , Pinjari Rahul V.
Published: December 2023

Venlafaxine, primarily available in dosage in Venlafaxine hydrochloride (VEN∙HCl) form, is a discriminating serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) anti-depressant drug. The 4-methoxybenzyl chloride (4-MBC) is a genotoxic impurity present in VEN∙HCl. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method is developed for the determination of 4-MBC content this method is validated employing ICH (International Council on Harmonisation) guidelines. During the method development, Purospher STAR end-capped (250mm x 4.0mm), 5µm HPLC column, and gradient profile for mobile phase with constant 1.0 mL/min flow rate are used. Mobile phase A is a buffer of pH 8.5 containing 0.1% v/v of liquid ammonia in water with adjusted pH using 10% orthophosphoric acid, whereas mobile phase B is acetonitrile. The injection volume, column oven temperature, and autosampler temperature were 50 µL, 55 °C, and 5 °C, respectively. The data is acquired at 225 nm wavelength. The method yields a well-separated peak of 4-MBC from Venlafaxine and its impurities. This method is linear in the range of LOQ to 150% level of specification concentration of impurity and the observed correlation coefficient is 0.999. The repeatability and intermediate precision are evaluated and the respective values of %RSD for 4-MBC content are 0.43 and 0.93. Robustness studies show insignificant change for the system suitability criteria like %RSD, theoretical plates, and tailing factor, their values being well within the acceptance limit. The new method for the quantification of genotoxic impurity 4-MBC is precise, sensitive, rugged, and accurate; it also qualifies all the criteria of stability, linearity, and robustness.
Foaming Properties of Hot-Water Extracts of Pumpkin Leaf and Chickpea and Their Effects on White Pan Bread Baking
Authors: Shin Hyeonmin , An Jihye , Ahn Sungahm , Chung Hee , Na Yerim , Lee Sung Ho , Park Sung Hoon , Lee JaeHwan , Chung Donghwa
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the surface tension and foaming properties of the hot-water extracts of pumpkin leaf and chickpea, as well as the effects of the plant hot-water extracts on white pan bread baking. Propylene glycol alginate (PGA), a synthetic emulsifier widely used in bakery, was used as a control. Pumpkin leaf water extract showed lower surface tension and comparable foaming capacity, compared with chickpea water extract and PGA solution when total solid ³ 0.15% (w/w). Chickpea water extract showed the highest foam stability when total solid ³ 0.15% (w/w). The dough was found to have a weak gel structure, and its viscoelastic properties were not significantly influenced by adding 0.05% or 0.15% (w/w) (based on total solid content) plant water extracts or PGA. The specific volume of the bread increased, and the baking loss was reduced by adding the two plant water extracts of total solid 0.15% (w/w). The hardness and chewiness of the bread crumb were reduced to a level comparable to the crumb containing 0.05% (w/w) PGA. The results showed that the pumpkin leaf water extract could be an effective natural emulsifier with a high phenolic content for bakery products.
Changes in the Composition of Dietary Sulfur Compounds in Radish According to Different Drying Methods
Authors: Jeong Gyeong A , Lee Chang Joo
Published: December 2023

Radish is a sulfur-containing compound containing the -S group, having bioactive functions such as anticancer, antithrombotic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties, and is used as a health supplement and pharmaceutical material. This study aimed to compare changes in sulforaphane (SFN) content according to freeze-drying or hot-air drying conditions in Korean radishes. The color of frozen or hot-air-dried radish underwent a browning reaction due to heat treatment; the brightness (L) decreased from 89.3 to 56.1, and the redness (b) increased. The SFN content of freezedried radish was 13.2565 mg/g, the SFN of radish dried at 50°C was 2.64372 mg/g, and the SFN of radish dried at 80°C was 0.0678 mg/g, which was the highest in freeze-dried radish. Therefore, the SFN of radish was found to be insufficient in thermal stability, and freeze-drying was considered a suitable method for drying radish.
Quality Characteristics of Different Parts of Sow and Commercial Pork
Authors: Park Hye-Jung , Kim Ajin , Park Chan Hyuk , Choi Hee , Kim Taehyun , Lee Seunghyun , Lee Seungjae
Published: December 2023

In this study, the quality of sow pork was compared with commercial pork to evaluate sow pork as raw meat material for processing. Texture, cooking loss, color, pH, water, lipid, fatty acid, volatile profiles, and sensory characteristics of 3 parts (tenderloin, loin, hind leg) of sow and commercial pork were analyzed. In texture analysis, sow pork had significantly higher shear force compared to commercial pork (tenderloin: sow 143.19 N, commercial 107.79 N; loin: sow 173.62 N, commercial 120.65 N; hind leg: sow 211.76 N, commercial 112.80 N) (p<0.05). There were significant differences in cooking loss, color, and pH, but they differed by part. A total of 49 volatile compounds were identified, and there were significant differences in 22 volatile compounds. In the case of hexanal (one of the warmed-over flavors), which was detected on the largest scale, the relative concentration was significantly higher in the tenderloin of commercial pork (p<0.05). On the other hand, no differences were reported by sensory analysis for hardness, off-flavor, juiciness, oiliness, appearance, taste, and acceptability between cooked sow and commercial pork. This study provides a database on the quality of sow pork by parts, which is considerable to develop proceed meat products using sow meat.
Immunoenhancing Effects of Polysaccharides Isolated from Barley Sprout Through MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Park Hye-Ryung
Published: December 2023

This research investigated the immunoenhancing effect through the intracellular MAPKs and NF-kB signaling pathways in macrophages activated by crude polysaccharides (YBP) of barley sprouts. YBP extracted from barley sprouts is composed of xylose (25.8%), arabinose (24.1%), galactose (23.4%), and galacturonic acid (11.7%). YBP did not affect the cytotoxicity and showed superior secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by RAW264.7 cells. Also, YBP dose dependently increased IL-6, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA gene expression. In the western blot, YBP strongly induced the phosphorylation of the p38, JNK, ERK, and IκBα pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. In the anti-pattern recognition receptor (anti-PRRs) assay, the effect of YBP on NO secretion strongly decreased toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and Dectin1 antibodies, whereas IL-6 and TNF-α secretion by YBP mainly decreased SR and CD14. Therefore, we concluded that YBPinduced NO, IL-6, and TNF-α were secreted via the MAPKs, while NF-κB pathways through TLR4, Dectin1, SR, and CD14 receptors existed in a macrophage surface and were involved in the immunoenhancing effect.
Mechanism design for a fair and equitable approach to global vaccine distribution: The case of COVID-19
Authors: Abedrabboh Khaled , Al-Majid Lolwa , Al-Fagih Zaid , Al-Fagih Luluwah
Published: December 2023

Vaccines are one of the most effective tools humanity has in the fight against pandemics. One of the major challenges of vaccine distribution is achieving fair and equitable allocation across the countries of the world, regardless of their economic wealth. The self-interested behaviour of high-income countries and the underutilisation of vaccines allocated to underprepared countries are some of the failures reported during COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. These shortcomings have motivated the need for a central market mechanism that takes into account the countries’ vulnerability to COVID-19 and their readiness to distribute and administer their allocated vaccines. In this paper, we leverage game theory to study the problem of equitable global vaccine distribution and propose a fair market mechanism that aligns self-interested behaviour with optimal global objectives. First, we model the interaction between a central vaccine provider (e.g. COVAX) and a country reporting its demand as a two-player game, and discuss the Nash and mixed Nash equilibria of that game. Then, we propose a repeated auction mechanism with an artificial payment system for allocating vaccines among participating countries, where each auction round is based on a Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism. The proposed allocation mechanism aims at minimising deaths and incentivises the self-interested countries to report their demand truthfully. Compared with real-world COVAX allocation decisions, our results show that the proposed auction mechanism achieves more efficient outcomes that maximise the number of averted deaths. Pragmatic considerations are investigated and policy recommendations are discussed.
Characterization of Type VI secretion system in Edwardsiella ictaluri
Authors: Kalindamar Safak , Abdelhamed Hossam , Kordon Adef O. , Tekedar Hasan C. , Pinchuk Lesya , Karsi Attila
Published: December 2023

Edwardsiella ictaluri is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular fish pathogen causing enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC). While various secretion systems contribute to E. ictaluri virulence, the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) remains poorly understood. In this study, we constructed 13 E. ictaluri T6SS mutants using splicing by overlap extension PCR and characterized them, assessing their uptake and survival in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) peritoneal macrophages, attachment and invasion in channel catfish ovary (CCO) cells, in vitro stress resistance, and virulence and efficacy in channel catfish. Among the mutants, EiΔevpA, EiΔevpH, EiΔevpM, EiΔevpN, and EiΔevpO exhibited reduced replication inside peritoneal macrophages. EiΔevpM, EiΔevpN, and EiΔevpO showed significantly decreased attachment to CCO cells, while EiΔevpN and EiΔevpO also displayed reduced invasion of CCO cells (p < 0.05). Overall, T6SS mutants demonstrated enhanced resistance to oxidative and nitrosative stress in the nutrient-rich medium compared to the minimal medium. However, EiΔevpA, EiΔevpH, EiΔevpM, EiΔevpN, and EiΔevpO were susceptible to oxidative stress in both nutrient-rich and minimal medium. In fish challenges, EiΔevpD, EiΔevpE, EiΔevpG, EiΔevpJ, and EiΔevpK exhibited attenuation and provided effective protection against E. ictaluri wild-type (EiWT) infection in catfish fingerlings. However, their attenuation and protective efficacy were lower in catfish fry. These findings shed light on the role of the T6SS in E. ictaluri pathogenesis, highlighting its significance in intracellular survival, host cell attachment and invasion, stress resistance, and virulence. The attenuated T6SS mutants hold promise as potential candidates for protective immunization strategies in catfish fingerlings.
Nutrition fact label (NFL) use is related to meeting the requirements for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey VIII (2019–2021) for the prepandemic and pandemic periods
Authors: Cho Jung Min
Published: December 2023

The credibility and wide usability of nutrition fact labels (NFLs) have increased due to the pandemic, which may lead to healthier nutritional choices. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between NFL use and meeting the estimated average requirements (EARs) for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs during the prepandemic (2019, n = 6606) and pandemic periods (2020 and 2021, n = 12085) using KNHANES data. Household surveys, health behavior interviews, and health checkup examinations were conducted for all participants. Subjects were included in the unAware+noUse, Aware+noUse, and Aware+Use groups according to NFL usage, and nutritional intake was analyzed by the 24-hour recall method. Complex-sample multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for meeting the EARs according to NFL usage in the crude and adjusted (including metabolic conditions) models. The primary finding was that awareness and NFL use were associated with adequate intake above the EARs for vitamin A, vitamin B2, niacin, folate, Ca, Fe, and P; this association was more evident during the pandemic. After adjusting for covariates, during the pandemic, the ORs of meeting the EARs in the Aware+noUse group and Aware+Use group were 1.25 (CI 1.06–1.47) and 1.36 (CI 1.05–1.75) for vitamin A, 1.26 (CI 1.06–1.50) and 1.54 (CI 1.19–2.00) for vitamin B2, 1.32 (CI 1.13–1.56) and 1.46 (CI 1.15–1.85) for folate, and 1.46 (CI 1.06–2.00) and 1.73 (1.09–2.75) for P, respectively. Additionally, the ORs for niacin (1.21, 1.02–1.43) and Fe (1.29, 1.08–1.54) were significant in the Aware+noUse group, and that for Ca (1.39, 1.08–1.78) was significant in the Aware+Use group (all p <0.05). In conclusion, NFL awareness and use are associated with meeting the EARs for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs. For future recurring health crises, effective NFL use is necessary for healthy dietary practices.
Two distinct Fusarium graminearum populations colonized European wheat in the past two decades
Authors: Kulik Tomasz , Molcan Tomasz , Bilska Katarzyna , Beyer Marco , Pasquali Matias , Diepeningen Anne van , Myszczynski Kamil
Published: December 2023

Fusarium graminearum is the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in wheat in Europe. To reveal population structure and to pinpoint genetic targets of selection we studied genomes of 96 strains of F. graminearum using population genomics. Bayesian and phylogenomic analyses indicated that the F. graminearum emergence in Europe could be linked to two independently evolving populations termed here as East European (EE) and West European (WE) population. The EE strains are primarily prevalent in Eastern Europe, but to a lesser extent also in western and southern areas. In contrast, the WE population appears to be endemic to Western Europe. Both populations evolved in response to population-specific selection forces, resulting in distinct localized adaptations that allowed them to migrate into their environmental niche. The detection of positive selection in genes with protein/zinc ion binding domains, transcription factors and in genes encoding proteins involved in transmembrane transport highlights their important role in driving evolutionary novelty that allow F. graminearum to increase adaptation to the host and/or environment. F. graminearum also maintained distinct sets of accessory genes showing population-specific conservation. Among them, genes involved in host invasion and virulence such as those encoding proteins with high homology to tannase/feruloyl esterase and genes encoding proteins with functions related to oxidation-reduction were mostly found in the WE population. Our findings shed light on genetic features related to microevolutionary divergence of F. graminearum and reveal relevant genes for further functional research aiming at better control of this pathogen.
LEGAL EDUCATION: CHALLENGES OF THE NEW TIME AND WAYS OF RESPONSE
Authors: Dashko A.V.
Published: December 2023

Legal education often faces practical problems and fails to properly protect the rights of students,teachers and the state. The purpose of the article is to find the most effective ways to develop legal educationin Russia, an attempt is made to generalize the practice of universities on the discipline of students and theformation of their personality. The methodological basis of the article was a combination of dialectical andsystemic research methods, as well as a teleological approach, according to which the student's personalityrequires formation. The author's position is argued regarding the appropriate location of the studentin the hierarchical system of educational relations, provided that the forms of behavior that ensure therecognition of knowledge by the elders and the transmission of the moral law are preserved. The articlemakes suggestions for further study of this problem and improvement of certain provisions of the legislation,allowing to eliminate the gaps in legal regulation. The author comes to the conclusion that the state shouldworry about state educational institutions, professional educational standards, logistics, and on the otherhand, students should meet and support the state initiative on their part.
ПРАВОВОЕ УЧЕНИЕ РИЧАРДА ПОЗНЕРА ОБ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОМ АНАЛИЗЕ ПРАВА
Authors: Pechatnova Yu.V.
Published: December 2023

This article examines the formation and development of the economic and legal direction in law, whichlater received the name economic analysis of law. The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the politicaland legal ideas of Richard Posner on the economic analysis of law. The research methodology includesgeneral scientific methods of historical, systemic analysis and structuring, as well as special legal methodsof formal legal analysis and comparative law. The author emphasizes the key political and legal ideas of thefounder of economic analysis of law, Richard Posner, notes the positive aspects of economic analysis of law,and offers a critical understanding of certain controversial manifestations of the dominance of economictheories in law. The conducted research includes three main stages: a study of the background of thedevelopment of the economic-legal direction in law, an analysis of the first scientific works of Richard Posnerdevoted to economic and legal problems in certain branches of law, as well as an analysis of the fundamentalscientific work of Richard Posner “Economic Analysis of Law”. In conclusion, the author formulates theprerequisites for the development of economic analysis of law in Russian legal doctrine.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF THE OIROT AUTONOMOUS REGION IN THE 1920S‑1930S
Authors: Goncharova О.A. , Ankudinova T.V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the formation of the judicial system in the Oirot AutonomousRegion, which was just being formed during the period under review. The specifics also lay in the remotenessand national peculiarities of the region.
ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRIMES RELATED TO ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING OF FIREARMS, AMMUNITION, EXPLOSIVES
Authors: Vasilyeva P.R.
Published: December 2023

In modern conditions, there is a need to take tough preventive measures to combat illegal armstrafficking, primarily related to strengthening control over its legal circulation within the framework of theactivities of the internal affairs bodies in the prescribed direction. The development of these measures ispossible only on the basis of an in-depth analysis of the range of measures taken by the internal affairs bodiesto prevent illegal arms trafficking, since without fundamental scientific research of this phenomenon, theactivities of law enforcement agencies to combat it are ineffective, which in turn requires special attentionfrom law enforcement officers.The author, analyzing the measures taken by the internal affairs bodies to prevent illegal arms trafficking,as well as foreign experience in this direction, suggests measures to improve the activities of the internalaffairs bodies.
How the payments industry is being disrupted
Authors: Riess Victoria
Published: December 2023

In this essay I will analyse the payments industry – or ecosystem – of my previous employer. I will explain the danger the pure pipeline incumbents face from existing disruptions (Van Alstyne, Parker and Choudary, 2016, p. 57f). To explain the danger payment companies face from disruptions and the scenario that is likely to materialize in the near future, I will apply the framework of the Ecosystem assessment in which the boundaries of the industry have disappeared (Goodman, 2021, 3/8; Ansari, 2021, 1/8; Munir, 2021, p. 2ff). The framework uses the dimensions Structure, Conduct, and Performance (SCP) to analyse the past and forecast the future.
Exploring the Challenges: Teacher Reluctance in Implementing Comprehensive Sexuality Education in South Africa's Foundation Phase
Authors: Venketsamy Roy
Published: December 2023

Purpose – This study explored why South African Foundation Phase teachers are reluctant and anxious to teach Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) content to young learners. The unit of analysis was Foundation Phase teachers in public schools.
Design/methods/approach – Adopting a qualitative, interpretive approach, the study conducted semi-structured interviews with six teachers from primary schools in Gauteng Province. The study used thematic analysis to understand teachers' perceptions and attitudes toward CSE. The data was analysed using Creswell’s six steps of data analysis.
Findings – Findings reveal a varied understanding of CSE among teachers, with some viewing it narrowly as sex education and others recognising its broader scope, including emotional development and safety. Primary reasons for reluctance include perceived age inappropriateness, discomfort with content, and cultural and religious constraints. The lack of adequate training and resources further exacerbates this reluctance.
Research implications/limitations – This study on South African teachers' reluctance to teach Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) in the Foundation Phase has critical implications for educational policy and practice, emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive curriculum development, comprehensive teacher training, and supportive educational environments. However, its limitations include a reliance on teacher perceptions, a small sample size from a single district, and the absence of quantitative data, which may affect the generalizability of its findings. Future research should expand geographically, employ diverse methodologies, and examine the effects of curriculum and training reforms on CSE's effectiveness in varied South African educational contexts.
Practical implications – The study underscores the importance of developing a culturally sensitive, comprehensive CSE curriculum and professional development programs for South African teachers. It highlights the need for clear educational guidelines and resources to assist teachers in effectively delivering CSE content to young learners.
Originality/value – This research provides a novel perspective by focusing on the reluctance of Foundation Phase teachers in South Africa to teach CSE, a relatively unexplored area in educational research. It offers valuable insights into the intersection of cultural, religious, and pedagogical factors affecting CSE delivery, contributing significantly to the global discourse on sexuality education in early childhood.
Paper type Research paper
Fostering Early Childhood Attachment: The Impact of Caregiver Relationships in Islamic Boarding School Education
Authors: Rohmah Lailatu , Sulong Komareeyah
Published: December 2023

Purpose – This study aimed to explore the role of attachment in the educational context of early childhood students (santri) residing and learning in Pesantren Mambaul Hisan, Indonesia. The research sought to investigate the attachment dynamics between 5- and 6-year-old santri and their caregivers, including its impact on cognitive and socio-emotional development.
Design/methods/approach – This research adopted a qualitative case study approach, employing in-depth interviews, participant observation, and careful document analysis. The sample was selected purposively and consisted of 24 early childhood santri, 2 Islamic boarding school leaders, and 5 caregivers. Data were analyzed to understand the role of secure attachment in attaining Islamic boarding school educational goals.
Findings – The study revealed that secure attachment among early childhood santri fostered comfortable communication, enhanced cognitive development, and promoted socio-emotional growth. The secure attachment of these young students played a positive role in achieving the educational objectives of the pesantren. This research contributed to the existing knowledge on the psychology of early childhood santri, socio-emotional development, and attachment in an Islamic boarding school context, enriching our understanding of the role of passion in Islamic boarding school education.
Research implications/limitations – The findings of this study have important implications for improving the quality of early childhood education in Islamic boarding school settings. It underscores the significance of fostering secure attachment and the potential benefits of implementing attachment-based strategies in the education of young santri. 
Practical implications – Understanding the role of attachment in Islamic boarding school education for young children can inform the development of more effective educational strategies and support systems.
Originality/value – This study adds a novel perspective by examining the role of attachment in the context of Islamic boarding school education for early childhood students.
Paper type Research paper
The Digital Teaching Landscape: Investigating the Roles of Interest, Self-Efficacy, and Experience in Shaping TPACK
Authors: Salsabila Sarah , Rahmatullah Bahbibi , 'Aziz Hafidh
Published: December 2023

Purpose –This study aims to analyze the relationship between interest, self-efficacy, and practical teaching experience concerning prospective early childhood education teachers' perceptions of Pedagogical Knowledge of Technology Content.
Design/methods/approach – This research employs an associative correlational quantitative design, involving 84 students from the Early Childhood Islamic Education Study Program at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Data was collected through both offline and online questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. This analysis assesses the predictive capacity of interest, self-efficacy, and teaching experience in determining TPACK within the perceptions of prospective ECCE teachers. Data analysis was aided by the statistical software SPSS 26 for Windows.
Findings – The statistical tests indicate that interest, when considered individually, does not exhibit a positive and significant effect on TPACK. Conversely, self-efficacy and teaching practice experience, when examined separately, demonstrate a positive and significant influence on TPACK. Moreover, when these variables are collectively examined, interest, self-efficacy, and teaching practice experience collectively impact TPACK, showcasing a robust relationship of 75.4%. However, it's worth noting that there are some inconsistencies in the results concerning the impact of interest on TPACK, which may be attributed to a lack of specific context and a detailed examination of respondents' interest levels.
Research implications/limitations – This study primarily focuses on elucidating the interplay between interest, self-efficacy, and practical teaching experience in TPACK development.
Practical implications – These practical implications are envisioned to enhance the quality of early childhood education and prepare prospective ECCE teachers to confront the evolving technological landscape.
Originality/value – This research contributes to an enhanced understanding of the interrelationships between interest, self-efficacy, and practical teaching experience in shaping prospective teachers' perceptions of TPACK, offering novel insights into the professional development of prospective ECCE teachers.
Paper type Research paper
Konsepsi Good Urban Governance Sebagai Kerangka Pembangunan Kota Berkelanjutan
Authors: Bellastuti Damaris Bernike , Fathurrahman Reza
Published: December 2023

Pembangunan kota akibat urbanisasi membutuhkan konsep dan praktik pengelolaan perkotaan yang mengarah pada pendekatan yang berbasis pembangunan berkelanjutan. Model tata kelola kota yang disebut good urban governance memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan jangka panjang dilakukan dengan pendekatan multidimensi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kualitas hidup seluruh masyarakat perkotaan, termasuk partisipasi dan keterlibatan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, manajemen dan administrasi kota, serta transparansi dan akuntabilitas publik. Meskipun pendekatan ini tidak sepenuhnya baru, namun tetap terbuka untuk tantangan baru yang terkait dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia di lingkungan perkotaan. Artikel ini menyajikan landasan teoritis mengenai prinsi-prinsip good urban governance serta praktik terpilih pendekatan tata kelola perkotaan yang baik di Singapura berdasarkan studi literatur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gagasan good urban governance dapat digunakan sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup di perkotaan di mana pertumbuhan berkelanjutan dan kebijakan perkotaan yang inklusif terancam oleh urbanisasi yang cepat. Terdapat sejumlah rekomendasi penelitian lanjutan terkait pendekatan good urban governance yang dapat dilakukan di masa mendatang.
Sustainable Campus Through Organic Waste Management Program Implementation
Authors: Kumaat Ellen J , Manembu Indry S , Mambu Susan Marlein , Mangindaan Glanny M C
Published: December 2023

Implementing an organic waste management program is a crucial step in realizing a sustainable campus. Organic waste management such as yard waste management program in Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, is crucial to maintaining a sustainable environment. The university's efforts to implement sustainable waste management practices, such as recycling and create an alternative energy sources like biodigester, have significantly reduced the amount of waste sent to landfills and creates valuable resources such as heat and liquid organic fertilizer. The application of liquid organic fertilizer from a biodigester on the university's green house resulted in an increased Pakcoy growth parameters and productions. By using liquid organic fertilizer from a biodigester is a sustainable and effective way to fertilize green areas at Sam Ratulangi University. By implementing this practice, the university can reduce waste and support healthy plant growth while also promoting environmental stewardship.
Potential role of herbal plants and beta sitosterol as a bioactive constituent in circumventing Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mishra Apoorva , Das Saumya , Kumari Soni
Published: December 2023

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurological ailment, mostly affects the older population all around the world. The rational therapies show limited efficacy, adverse effects, and poor patient compliance; therefore, herbal drugs are considered a suitable supplement to the drug therapy for the treatment of AD. According to research, herbal drugs reduce symptoms of AD and also improve brain functioning through the inhibition of beta amyloid, gamma-secretase, and acetylcholine, along with the regulation of antioxidants and the activation of alpha-secretase. Various herbal plants like Salvia officinalis L., Bertholletia excelsa L., Withania somnifera L., and Urtica dioica L. help slow down the progression of AD by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, beta amyloid and tau phosphorylation. Beta sitosterol, a phytosterol found abundantly in plants, has the ability to cross the Blood Brain Barrier and thus acts as a bioactive constituent in circumventing various neurological disorders. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations indicate that beta sitosterol shows immunomodulatory, lipid-lowering, as well as antioxidant properties. The plant sterol, beta sitosterol, has the capacity to decrease beta-amyloid platelet synthesis, indicating that it might be helpful in the treatment and prevention of AD. Treatment with beta-sitosterol can lessen plaque burden and also enhance spatial learning and recognition abilities in patients suffering from AD.
Bibliometrics and scientometrics in applied linguistics: Epilogue to the special issue
Authors: Aryadoust Vahid
Published: December 2023

In this paper, I first discuss the field of bibliometrics, which is a quantitative approach to analyzing scholarly publications, and its subfield, scientometrics, which focuses exclusively on scientific literature. I argue that the use of bibliometric methods has been growing in applied linguistics in recent years, and explore the common features between bibliometrics and scientometrics. I will then review the papers published in the special issue on bibliometrics in applied linguistics, which features nine papers on various bibliometric topics. I conclude with suggestions for future research in the field, including the development of scales for measuring perceived prestige, investigation of indicators of influence and a predictive theory for impact of second language (L2) research, and further investigation into the imbalance in the representation of authors based in different parts of the world.
Polskie miasta w transnarodowych sieciach terytorialnych rozproszonych przestrzennie
Authors: Dumała Hanna
Published: December 2023

Konstytucja Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej przyznała jednostkom samorządu terytorialnego (JST) Polski wszystkich szczebli prawo do współpracy ze społecznościami lokalnymi i regionalnymi innych państw. Celem artykułu jest analiza porównawcza uczestnictwa JST na poziomie miast w transnarodowych sieciach rozproszonych przestrzennie, czyli stowarzyszeniach i związkach wielostronnych. Porównany został stan z grudnia 2021 r. z tym sprzed 20 lat (luty 2002 r.). Analiza koncentrowała się na indywidualnym (bezpośrednim) członkostwie, a oparta została na danych pochodzących z obwieszczeń ministra właściwego do spraw administracji publicznej. Dokonano również charakterystyki sieci z udziałem polskich miast, uwzględniając takie kryteria, jak: zasięg terytorialny, wielkość, charakter członków, poziom otwartości oraz przedmiot działania.
frömde selczame ding im Blick des Reisenden Die Konstruktion interkultureller Räume im spätmittelalterlichen Jerusalempilgerbericht Konrad Grünembergs
Authors: Happes Julian , Zimmermann Julian
Published: December 2023

In der zweiten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts machten sich zahlreiche christliche Pilger auf die beschwerliche und gefährliche Reise nach Jerusalem. Das dabei zu überquerende Mittelmeer, konkret die Überfahrt von Venedig und Jaffa, wird in den Berichten der Pilger als zu überwindender Gefahren-, aber auch als interkultureller Begegnungsraum wahrgenommen und narrativ konstruiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert die Konstruktion dieses interkulturellen Raumes am Beispiel des Pilgerberichts Konrad Grünembergs, der 1486 nach Jerusalem reiste. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Pilger je nach ihrem Bildungsgrad und ihrer Sozialisation unterschiedliche interkulturelle Raumschichten wahrnehmen und konstruieren, die sich hinsichtlich ihres Abstraktionsgrads unterscheiden.
Von einer „Grammatik der Zugehörigkeit”
Authors: Gagliardi Nicoletta
Published: December 2023

Der Beitrag stützt sich auf ein neues interdisziplinares und mehrsprachiges Projekt, das Interviews an junge Leute mit internationaler Geschichte in Deutschland analysiert, in denen sie nach ihren Erfahrungen gefragt werden (wie sie die Arbeits-/und Ausbildungssituation, den Wohnungsmarkt, den Umgang der Behörden mit ihnen und die Möglichkeit neue Leute kennen zu lernen empfinden). Das Projekt beabsichtigt, in den Interviews mit den Jugendlichen sprachliche Phänomene zu identifizieren und zu analysieren, die wir unter der Überschrift „Sprache oder Grammatik der Zugehörigkeit“ (Meinhof/Galasiński 2005) zusammenfassen wollen, wobei wir uns auf die Art und Weise konzentrieren, in der die verwendete Sprache an der Konstruktion und Bestätigung multipler Identitäten beteiligt ist, die sich überschneiden, herausfordern oder ergänzen. Tatsächlich werden Vielfalt und Bewegung, und außerdem die Überwindung der Grenze zwischen Ländern, Sprachen und Kulturen in den Interviews mit jungen Menschen, die die Erfahrung der Migration leben und sich in einer anderen Sprache als ihrer Muttersprache ausdrücken, besonders berücksichtigt. Durch den Bezug auf interkulturelle Erfahrungen und die Konzepte der interkulturellen Germanistik stellen diese Texte daher interessantes Material für interdisziplinäre Studien dar, die vor allem die Sprache untersuchen. Erste theoretische Bezüge finden sich bei Wodak et al. (1999). In ihren Studien richten sie ihre Aufmerksamkeit auf Lexik und Syntax, um die Konstruktion von „Einheit, Differenz, Einzigartigkeit, Ursprung, Kontinuität, Veränderung, Autonomie, Heteronomie“ zu extrapolieren. Danach hat sich De Fina (2003) auf die narrativen Aspekte konzentriert, die zur Identitätskonstruktion verwendet werden. Allerdings mangelt es sowohl der Studie von Wodak et al. als auch der von De Fina an Systematik und Vollständigkeit für die Untersuchung des Identitätsdiskurses. Tatsächlich bedient sich die verwendete Sprache des gesamten Spektrums sprachlicher Mittel, so dass Zeit, Ort und Person die Positionierung des Sprechers als Zugehöriger zu einer bestimmten Gruppe ermöglichen, mit der er sich diskursiv identifiziert. Daher sollten zeitliche, räumliche und persönliche Bezüge nicht von dem Kontext getrennt werden, in dem sie auftreten. Die Diskursanalyse orientiert sich am Text, der selbst multifunktional und intertextuell ist. In Anlehnung an Faircloughs Modell (1989, 1992) erfolgt die Annäherung an den Text über Wortschatz, Grammatik und Textstruktur.
Editorial
Authors: Zelić Tomislav
Published: December 2023

GEM 5 ima za predmet mediteransku interkulturnost u njemačkom jeziku, književnosti i kulturi. Pet od ukupno šest radova temelje se na podnescima s međunarodnog znanstvenog skupa njemačkog Društva za interkulturnu germanistiku, Gesellschaft für interkulturelle Germanistik (GiG), u organizaciji Odjela za germanstiku Sveučilišta u Zadru, na temu „Interkulturni prostori: povijesne rute i pasaže u sadašnjosti s posebnim obzirom na Sredozemlje“, održan od 19. do 22. travnja 2022. godine virtualno s obzirom da u tom trenutku epidemiološke mjere još nisu bile stavljene izvan snage.
Unveiling the Dark Side of Fintech: Challenges and Breaches in Protecting User Data in Indonesia’s Online Loan Services
Authors: Admiral Admiral , Pauck Mega Ardina
Published: December 2023

The rapid evolution of information and communication technology has driven diverse business and financial practices. Indonesia is at the forefront with high engagement in fintech online lending services, presenting challenges in safeguarding user data despite these platforms' convenience. This research aims to analyze the intricacies of protecting the personal data of users of online lending services in Indonesia and highlight the obstacles faced in this process. Using a normative legal approach combined with descriptive data analysis, this research examines the protection mechanism from the perspectives of users and online loan service providers. The research concluded that users should verify the legitimacy of online loan service providers by ensuring proper registration with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, users should carefully scrutinize and understand the terms and conditions of personal data protection before agreeing to an online loan agreement. Second, the main problems qualified as obstacles in this research related to the effectiveness of personal data protection in the context of online lending are at least influenced by three main elements that influence each other, especially those related to legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. Based on this doctrine, it is found that in addition to legal uncertainty related to the guarantee of personal data protection rights on the one hand, on the other hand, the absence of specialized institutions related to personal data protection is one of the factors that affect the ineffectiveness of personal data protection in Indonesia related to online loans.
The Examination of Communication Skills and Self-Efficacy of Coaches
Authors: BUĞDAYCI Selçuk , DEMİR Hayri
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted to examine the communication skills and self-efficacy levels of individuals working as coaches. The population of this study, which was conducted using a descriptive research model, consisted of coaches working actively in Turkey, while the sample group consisted of a total of 697 coaches, 203 women and 494 men, on a voluntary basis. The data were obtained by using "Personal Information Form", "General Self-Efficacy Scale" and "Communication Skills Assessment Scale". Independent Samples t test, One Way ANOVA test, Person correlation analysis were used to reach statistical results. It was concluded that the self-efficacy score averages of the coaches participating in the study were higher than the averages of communication skills sub-dimensions. While there was a statistical difference between the education level of the male coaches participating in the study and the communication principles and basic skills sub-dimensions of communication skills, no difference was found in other sub-dimensions. While there was no statistical difference in the communication skills sub-dimensions and the education level of female coaches, a significant difference was found in general self-efficacy scores. Significant differences were found in the coaching levels of male coaches participating in the study and in the sub-dimension of general self-efficacy and communication. In addition, significant differences were found in the coaching levels of female coaches and in the sub-dimensions of self-expression, active listening and non-verbal communication and willingness to communicate. As a result, there is a parallelism between the self-efficacy and communication skills of the coaches participating in the study. In other words, it can be said that as the competence of male and female coaches in their jobs increases, their communication skills also increase.