bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reinforcement learning-based real-time control of coastal urban stormwater systems to mitigate flooding and improve water quality
Authors: Bowes Benjamin D. , Wang Cheng , Ercan Mehmet B. , Culver Teresa B. , Beling Peter A. , Goodall Jonathan L.
Published: March 2022

Reinforcement learning agents can learn real-time stormwater system control strategies that balance the competing goals of flood mitigation and sediment capture in urban watersheds.
Novel anti-hyperuricemic hexapeptides derived fromApostichopus japonicushydrolysate and their modulation effects on the gut microbiota and host microRNA profile
Authors: Fan Siqing , Huang Yumeng , Lu Guoding , Sun Na , Wang Rui , Lu Chenyang , Ding Lijian , Han Jiaojiao , Zhou Jun , Li Ye , Ming Tinghong , Su Xiurong
Published: March 2022

Two novel hexapeptides with anti-hyperuricemia effect were identified from Apostichopus japonicus hydrolysate, and their effects on modulation of gut microbiota and microRNA profiles were investigated.
Bioactive peptides of plant origin: distribution, functionality, and evidence of benefits in food and health
Authors: Yuan Hemao , Luo Zisheng , Ban Zhaojun , Reiter Russel J. , Ma Quan , Liang Ze , Yang Mingyi , Li Xihong , Li Li
Published: March 2022

The type and structure, methods of extraction, functionality, signaling pathways, applications, and prospects of plant-derived peptides are discussed.
Responses of the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles to sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumber in humanized microbiota mice
Authors: Liu Zhengqi , Yan Chunhong , Lin Xinping , Ai Chunqing , Dong Xiuping , Shao Li , Wang Songtao , Song Shuang , Zhu Beiwei
Published: March 2022

Sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharides (SCSPsj) enhance the relative abundance of Lactobacillus by promoting biofilm formation and mucus binding, and further regulate the metabolism in a humanized microbiota mice model.
A microwave-powered continuous fluidic system for polymer nanocomposite manufacturing: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Torabfam Milad , Nejatpour Mona , Fidan Tuçe , Kurt Hasan , Yüce Meral , Bayazit Mustafa Kemal
Published: March 2022

Continuous manufacturing of pure nanocrystals with a narrow size distribution in a polymer matrix is very challenging; thus, developing novel production strategies is highly crucial to get their full potential for advanced applications.
Fully renewable photocrosslinkable polycarbonates from cellulose-derived monomers
Authors: Fadlallah Sami , Kayishaer Aihemaiti , Annatelli Mattia , Mouterde Louis M. M. , Peru Aurélien A. M. , Aricò Fabio , Allais Florent
Published: March 2022

Cellulose-derived photocrosslinkable polycarbonates with renewable citronellol pendant chains were synthesised via polycondensation of Triol-citro, a levoglucosenone-based triol monomer, and dimethoxycarbonyl isosorbide.
Mixing and flow-induced nanoprecipitation for morphology control of silk fibroin self-assembly
Authors: Matthew Saphia A. L. , Rezwan Refaya , Kaewchuchuen Jirada , Perrie Yvonne , Seib F. Philipp
Published: March 2022

Tuning silk fibroin nanoparticle morphology using nanoprecipitation for bottom-up manufacture is an unexplored field that has the potential to improve particle performance characteristics.
Optimization of PAHs oxidation from contaminated soil using modified nanoscale zero-valent iron combined with potassium permanganate
Authors: Sun Xiaoshuang , Ran Zongxin , Wu Yuerong , Zhong Chengwei , Zhu Weiwei , Hllah Hameed , Yu Jiang
Published: March 2022

A novel synergistic oxidation technology based on modified nZVI and KMnO4 was developed for PAHs remediation in actual contaminated soil.
Cobalt-loaded cherry core biochar composite as an effective heterogeneous persulfate catalyst for bisphenol A degradation
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yang Shuangshuang , Zhang Shengxiao , Xu Qiang , Chen Pinzhu , Du Yaxuan , Xing Yuxin
Published: March 2022

Co/C composites were prepared with a one-step pyrolysis method for the activation of persulfate to degrade organic pollutants.
Soft while strong mechanical shock tolerable e-skins
Authors: Wang Yanan , Hao Baicun , Wang Yujia , Wei Yingjie , Huang Xin , Shi Bi
Published: March 2022

Soft while strong mechanical shock tolerable e-skins relied on non-Newtonian gel embedded within the load-bearing scaffold of conductive collagen fiber sponge spontaneously mimic the protection and sensing functions of natural skin.
Dimensionally stable multication-crosslinked poly(arylene piperidinium) membranes for water electrolysis
Authors: Wang Xiuqin , Lammertink Rob G. H.
Published: March 2022

Dimensionally stable crosslinked poly(arylene piperidinium)-based AEMs were fabricated and used for alkaline water electrolysis. A high current density of 880 mA cm−2 at 2.2 V in 1 M KOH was achieved by using non-PMG catalysts.
Selective detection of ozone in inflamed mice using a novel activatable chemiluminescent probe
Authors: Feng Yurong , Xu Shuai , Song Zhi-Ling , Ren Tian-Bing , Huan Shuang-Yan , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao-Bing
Published: March 2022

We report here an activatable chemiluminescent probe CL-O3 for the high-contrast imaging of O3in vivo.
Achieving an ultrahigh direct-current voltage of 130 V by semiconductor heterojunction power generation based on the tribovoltaic effect
Authors: Wang Zhaozheng , Zhang Zhi , Chen Yunkang , Gong Likun , Dong Sicheng , Zhou Han , Lin Yuan , Lv Yi , Liu Guoxu , Zhang Chi
Published: March 2022

A semiconductor DC triboelectric nanogenerator (SDC-TENG) with ultrahigh DC voltage and power density using the GaN/Si heterojunction, the maximum DC voltage is up to 130 V, which set a voltage record for the tribovoltaic effect.
Separation of lattice-incorporated Cr(vi) from calcium carbonate by converting microcrystals into nanocrystals via the carbonation pathway based on the density functional theory study of incorporation energy
Authors: Mo Xiaofeng , Liu Xueming , Chen Jianxin , Zhu Shengcai , Xu Wenbin , Tan Kan , Wang Qingwei , Lin Zhang , Liu Weizhen
Published: March 2022

Based on the DFT calculation of incorporation energy, a CO2-assisted phase transition method is designed to separate the incorporated Cr(vi) in CaCO3 lattice by converting CaCO3 micro-crystals into nano-crystals and restraining the re-doping process.
The significance of nanoparticle shape in chirality transfer to a surrounding nematic liquid crystal reporter medium
Authors: Sharma Anshul , Mori Taizo , Nemati Ahlam , Gonçalves Diana P. N. , Querciagrossa Lara , Zannoni Claudio , Hegmann Torsten
Published: March 2022

This perspective reports on recent progress toward the development of an approach toa prioripredict - both chirality “strength” and efficacy of chirality transfer from a chiral nanoshape solute to an achiral nematic environment.
Ultrasensitive airflow sensor prepared by electrostatic flocking for sound recognition and motion monitoring
Authors: Luo Jin , Ji Nan , Zhang Weiwei , Ge Pei , Liu Yixuan , Sun Jun , Wang Jianjun , Zhuo Qiqi , Qin Chuanxiang , Dai Lixing
Published: March 2022

An innovative and ultrasensitive airflow sensor is developed via electrostatic flocking technology. The fluffy-like structure endows it with excellent sensing performance and great potential in accurate sound signal recognition and motion monitoring.
Chromium complexes supported by NNO-tridentate ligands: an unprecedented activity with the requirement of a small amount of MAO
Authors: Tian Jiliang , Zhang Xingwang , Liu Shaofeng , Li Zhibo
Published: March 2022

Chromium complexes bearing phenoxy-imine-amine NNO-tridentate ligands are superior toward ethylene polymerization, exhibiting unprecedented activity and excellent thermal stability but requiring a small amount of MAO as a cocatalyst.
Urea-engineering mediated hydrogen-bond donating Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles and nitroalkenes in a dual-functionalized microporous metal–organic framework with high recyclability and pore-fitting-induced size-selectivity
Authors: Singh Manpreet , Neogi Subhadip
Published: March 2022

The impact of urea-engineering in the hydrogen-bond donating reaction of indole and nitroalkene under mild conditions is established in a dual-functionalized MOF that exhibits highly recyclable and pore-fitting-induced size-selective Friedel–Crafts alkylation.
Boosting the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of type-II g-GaN/Sc2CO2 van der Waals heterostructure using applied biaxial strain and external electric field
Authors: Opoku Francis , Osei-Bonsu Oppong Samuel , Aniagyei Albert , Akoto Osei , Adimado Anthony Apeke
Published: March 2022

Type-II g-GaN/Sc2CO2 van der Waals heterostructure with electronic properties has potential for nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaic device applications.
Occurrence and exposure risk assessment of phthalate esters in edible plant oils with a high-frequency import rate in west China
Authors: Tang Zhentao , Gong Zhiguo , Jia Wei , Shen Wenxuan , Han Qingrong , Fang Fang , Peng Cheng
Published: March 2022

A strategy was proposed for the occurrence and exposure risk assessment of phthalate esters in edible plant oils, which revealed the diverse health risks for different categories of plant oils.
Multi‐granularity decision rough set attribute reduction algorithm under quantum particle swarm optimization
Authors: Yang Xuxu , Wang Xueen , Kang Jie
Published: March 2022

The existing attribute reductions are carried out using equivalence relations under a complete information system, and there is less research on attribute reductions of incomplete information systems with new theoretical models such as multi‐granularity decision rough sets. To address the above shortcomings, this paper first makes up a pessimistic‐optimistic multi‐granularity decision rough set model based on tolerance relations in incomplete information systems. The concepts of attribute importance and approximate distribution quality are introduced into the model to form an attribute reduction algorithm under incomplete information systems. Secondly, due to the NP‐hard problem of attribute reduction, in order to further ensure the accuracy of the reduction result, this paper proposes a pessimistic‐optimistic multi‐granularity reduction algorithm under quantum particle swarm optimization. Experimental results on multiple‐attribute data proved that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively attribute reduction in the decision table with missing data. At the same time, the algorithm of this paper has the role of iterative optimization search, ensuring the accuracy of the reduction results and increasing the applicability of multi‐granularity decision rough sets.
Designing of a non‐fragile robust predictive controller for uncertain systems with time‐varying delay: A delay‐range‐dependent approach
Authors: Baneshi Fateme , Ghaffari Valiollah
Published: March 2022

This study addresses a new delay‐dependent non‐fragile robust model predictive controller for a class of uncertain continuous‐time systems with time‐varying delay subjected to constrained input and perturbed controller gain. The uncertainties in system parameters and controller gain are considered as general additive forms. The proposed controller can provide a suitable linear feedback control law depending on delay such that robust performance is achieved to the possible existence of uncertainties. To this end, an optimisation problem is formulated to minimise the upper‐bound of the cost function involving some conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities, utilising the information of lower‐and upper‐bounds of time‐varying delay. By including information regarding the delay range in the quadratic function, the ability to have less conservative results compared to the related works in literature is provided. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is illustrated through a comparison with recent works.
Sensitivity analysis of the process parameters of laser cladding NiCrCoAlY
Authors: Cao Qiang , Lian Guo-fu , Chen Chang-rong , Feng Mei-yan
Published: March 2022

This research aims to explore the forming quality of Laser Cladding NiCrCoAlY. The small changes in process parameters on the geometric characteristics of cladding layer was investigated. Mathematical models were established based on the linear regression analysis, and the influence of process parameters on the geometric morphology was obtained through the sensitivity analysis. The results show that the mathematical models have remarkable fitting accuracy. The laser power is positively correlated with clad height, width, and dilution rate; while the scanning speed is negatively correlated with clad height and width but positively with dilution rate. The powder feeding voltage has a positive correlation with clad height and a negative with clad width and dilution rate. In addition, the clad height has the greatest negative sensitivity to scanning speed, while the clad width is most sensitive to laser power and nearly insensitive to powder feeding voltage, which indicates that the clad width cannot be controlled effectively by powder feeding voltage. The dilution rate is most sensitive to laser power. The findings of this research provide a characteristic diagram of sensitivity for the geometric characteristics of laser cladding NiCrCoAlY, and also provide a theoretical basis for the further effective control on the forming quality of cladding layer.
Analyse et prise en charge médico chirurgicale du sourire gingival
Authors: Frison Laure
Published: March 2022

Le sourire gingival est un sourire découvrant de manière excessive de la gencive (plus de 3 mm de gencive visible). Il peut être le résultat d'anomalies dentaires, parodontales, musculaires et squelettiques. Parfois tous ces éléments s'ajoutent et se cumulent : leur distinction, leur analyse et leur appréciation sont donc primordiales pour arriver à un traitement efficace, esthétique, stable et bien accepté par le patient.
Procédés d’usinage laser CO2 de composants optiques en silice
Authors: Gallais Laurent , Cormont Philippe
Published: March 2022

Les procédés par laser CO2 sont particulièrement adaptés aux traitements de surface de composants optiques en silice : lissage, refonte, micro-usinage. Cet article décrit la physique d’interaction laser matière et la mise en oeuvre pour adresser des applications dans le domaine des lasers de puissance : réparation de défauts de surface et amélioration de la tenue au flux laser des composants en silice du Laser Mégajoule.
Intravenous Foreign Body at the Hand: Case Report
Authors: Couceiro Jose , Garcia-Valladares Elena , Fernandez-Divar Jose , Sanchez-Crespo Manuel , Ayala Higinio , Canto Fernanado Del
Published: March 2022

Intravenous foreign bodies following trauma to the hand are relatively uncommon with sparse reports of this condition being published in the literature. They have been reported to migrate as far as the thoracic cavity and the heart. In the following case report, we describe a case of an intravenous foreign body following hand trauma, and the treatment and potential complications are also discussed.
Current Approach for Diagnosis and Treatment of Adrenal Tuberculosis—Our Experience and Review of Literature
Authors: Gupta Stuti , Ansari Md Abu Masud , Gupta Arun Kumar , Chaudhary Poras , Bansal Lalit Kumar
Published: March 2022

Addison's disease was first described by Thomas Addison in 1855. He demonstrated the destruction of bilateral adrenal gland by tuberculosis (TB) in six patients. Since then, the incidence of TB has declined in the Western world, but in developing countries, it is still the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency. Because of the introduction of antituberculous chemotherapy, the incidence of adrenal TB has been declined in the past decades. The most common symptoms are nonspecific; therefore, diagnosis is often delayed, and patients may first present with a life-threatening adrenal crisis. The most commonly identified organism for adrenal failure in adrenal TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Adrenal TB involves bilateral adrenal glands more frequently than unilateral glands. Computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful investigations to differentiate between tuberculous Addison's disease and the other causes of adrenal insufficiency. In CT scans or MRI, features of adrenal TB are bilateral adrenal enlargement and peripheral rim enhancement with or without calcifications. Antituberculous drugs, biochemical monitoring of adrenal function, and steroid therapy are essential for the management of adrenal TB and adrenal insufficiency. Here, we describe a case of adrenal TB with abscess formation followed by a review of the current literature of adrenal TB for better diagnosis and management of this condition.
Delayed Granulomas as a Complication Secondary to Lip Augmentation with Dermal Fillers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trinh Lily Nguyen , McGuigan Kelly Christine , Gupta Amar
Published: March 2022

Introduction Lip augmentation with dermal filler is rising in popularity. There are generally minimal side effects that are mild and transient. However, long-term complications may occur and include lumps, bumps, nodules, or granulomas. To better understand this uncommon but challenging outcome, we aim to perform a thorough systematic review of the published literature related to nodule or granuloma formation after cosmetic soft tissue augmentation of the lips.

Methods A search of published literature was conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines in April 2021 and included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used included the following terms: “lip filler,” “hyaluronic acid,” “lip injection,” “lip augmentation,” “silicone,” “poly-L-lactic acid,” “calcium hydroxyapatite,” “polymethylmethacrylate,” “complications,” “reaction,” “granuloma,” and “nodule.” All studies were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Any discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer.

Results The initial search for filler-related nodules or granulomas yielded 2,954 articles and 28 were included in the final analysis containing 66 individual cases of lip nodules. All but one patient was female. The mean age was 50 years. Nodules presented on average 35.2 months or 2.9 years after initial treatment. Thirty-seven nodules underwent histological analysis, the majority of which identified the presence of a foreign-body granuloma. Silicone was the most reported filler used followed by hyaluronic acid. Most cases resolved following multiple treatments including oral antibiotics or steroids followed by surgical excision.

Conclusion Understanding the sequelae of lip augmentation with filler products allows clinicians to provide safe and effective treatment. Nodules that present months to years following dermal treatment may represent a foreign-body granuloma. A combination of oral antibiotics, intralesional or oral steroids, and surgical excision successfully treated the majority of cases in our study.
Cecal Bascule in a COVID-19 Positive Patient: Case Report
Authors: Curmi Arthur , Cuschieri Robert
Published: March 2022

Cecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction accounting for around 10% of intestinal volvuli. There are three main variants of cecal volvuli including the axial, loop, and bascule types. Diagnosis is confirmed via a computed tomography scan and surgery is the mainstay treatment due to a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Here we report a rare presentation of cecal volvulus in a COVID-19 positive patient that was complicated by an anastomotic leak.
A review of band structure and material properties of transparent conducting and semiconducting oxides: Ga2O3, Al2O3, In2O3, ZnO, SnO2, CdO, NiO, CuO, and Sc2O3
Authors: Spencer Joseph A. , Mock Alyssa L. , Jacobs Alan G. , Schubert Mathias , Zhang Yuhao , Tadjer Marko J.
Published: March 2022

This Review highlights basic and transition metal conducting and semiconducting oxides. We discuss their material and electronic properties with an emphasis on the crystal, electronic, and band structures. The goal of this Review is to present a current compilation of material properties and to summarize possible uses and advantages in device applications. We discuss Ga2O3, Al2O3, In2O3, SnO2, ZnO, CdO, NiO, CuO, and Sc2O3. We outline the crystal structure of the oxides, and we present lattice parameters of the stable phases and a discussion of the metastable polymorphs. We highlight electrical properties such as bandgap energy, carrier mobility, effective carrier masses, dielectric constants, and electrical breakdown field. Based on literature availability, we review the temperature dependence of properties such as bandgap energy and carrier mobility among the oxides. Infrared and Raman modes are presented and discussed for each oxide providing insight into the phonon properties. The phonon properties also provide an explanation as to why some of the oxide parameters experience limitations due to phonon scattering such as carrier mobility. Thermal properties of interest include the coefficient of thermal expansion, Debye temperature, thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity. Anisotropy is evident in the non-cubic oxides, and its impact on bandgap energy, carrier mobility, thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, phonon modes, and carrier effective mass is discussed. Alloys, such as AlGaO, InGaO, (AlxInyGa1−x−y)2O3, ZnGa2O4, ITO, and ScGaO, were included where relevant as they have the potential to allow for the improvement and alteration of certain properties. This Review provides a fundamental material perspective on the application space of semiconducting oxide-based devices in a variety of electronic and optoelectronic applications.
Performance enhancement of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes by manipulating Al composition of InGaN/AlGaN superlattice strain release layer
Authors: Qian Yinzuo , Du Peng , Liu Pengfei , Zhou Shengjun
Published: March 2022

InGaN/AlGaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs) suffer from residual in-plane compressive stress and poor carrier injection efficiency. Here, we simultaneously reduce the stress and improve the carrier concentration in In0.018Ga0.982N/Al0.05Ga0.95N multiple quantum wells by optimizing the Al composition of the underlying InGaN/AlGaN superlattice strain release layer (SRL). On the one hand, higher Al composition of SRL can reduce the residual in-plane compressive stress of epilayers, which is beneficial for increasing radiative recombination rate. On the other hand, higher Al composition can enhance the effective barrier height in SRL, which can decelerate electrons and prevent holes from transporting into the n-region. As a result, the light output power of UV LEDs with In0.01Ga0.99N/Al0.06Ga0.94N SRL is 19.3% higher than that of UV LEDs with In0.01Ga0.99N/Al0.02Ga0.98N SRL at 100 mA.
Effect of small pre-strain on the resistance of molybdenum [100] single crystal to high strain rate deformation and fracture
Authors: Kanel G. I. , Garkushin G. V. , Savinykh A. S. , Razorenov S. V. , Paramonova I. V. , Zaretsky E. B.
Published: March 2022

The evolution of shock compressive pulses and dynamic tensile (spall) strength of pristine and pre-strained (0.6% and 5.4% compression) samples of pure [100]-oriented molybdenum single crystals were studied in a series of planar impact tests accompanied by continuous monitoring of the free surface velocity of the samples by an optic velocimeter. The impact loading of Mo samples of different thicknesses was produced by copper impactors accelerated in the smooth bore gun up to a velocity of about 350 m/s. Analyzing the recorded waveforms showed that pre-straining results in a substantial decrease of the molybdenum Hugoniot elastic limit while the dynamic tensile (spall) strength increases with pre-straining. The spall fracture of all tested (and spalled) samples was found to be brittle and characterized by a weak dependence of spall strength on the tensile strain rate. The obtained results are discussed in the terms of generally accepted theories of elastic precursor decay in ductile and spall fracture in brittle solids.
Validating a test of L2 routine formulae to detect pragmatics learning in stay abroad
Authors: Roever Carsten , Higuchi Yuki , Sasaki Miyuki , Yashima Tomoko , Nakamuro Makiko
Published: March 2022

There has long been interest in the effect of stay abroad on pragmatic development in second language (L2) pragmatics research. However, few testing instruments exist to assess pragmatics learning in stay abroad and provide information about learners’ development to help institutions evaluate the success of stay abroad programs. In this study, we describe the adaptation and validation of Roever’s (2005) test of second language routine formulae to be used large-scale with Japanese stay-abroad learners. We follow Kane’s (2006) argument-based approach to validation, evaluating the first four inferences: Domain description, Evaluation, Generalization, and Explanation. We also investigate the test’s practicality within the institutional setting of intended use. We find evidence supporting the use of the test for providing information on pragmatics learning during stay abroad. The test can differentiate between low- and high-ability learners, shows adequate reliability, and reflects the roles of proficiency and exposure in pragmatics learning in stay abroad contexts. The test is also practical and requires few resources. Further steps, such as the investigation of the Extrapolation and Decision inference, are discussed.
Effect of micro-cracks on mechanical and damping properties of double-layered Al/Al plate
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Wei , Chai Fang , Yang Hang , Yan Fei
Published: March 2022

To investigate the influence of micro-cracks (including formation and growing) on mechanical and damping capacity, the grooved (with two dimensions) and non-grooved Al plates were subjected to cold roll bonding (CRB). Microscopic morphology, tensile and damping test of the experimental materials were investigated. Due to uneven stress distribution, the edges of grooves were heavily inclined in the normal direction (ND), and the grooves were changed into micro-cracks with the sizes of a few to a dozen microns. Mechanical properties of the Al sheet with micro-cracks were decreased, which further lowered with micro-cracks growing. There were two internal friction peaks for the Al sheet with micro-cracks, which mainly attributed to the stronger local stress and local plastic deformation around the micro-cracks.
Influence of Ca+Bi on tensile and strain hardening behaviour of AZ91 alloy
Authors: Majhi Jichil , Mondal A.K. , Basu A. , Dieringa Hajo , Kumar S.
Published: March 2022

The influence of Ca + Bi on the tensile and strain hardening behaviour of the AZ91 alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures have been examined. The values of YS are higher, and ductility is lower of all the modified alloys. The UTS of the modified AZ91 alloys is lower except at 473 K. The UTS values decrease with an increase in test temperature for all the alloys. The improved YS of the modified alloys is owing to reduced grain size. The brittle Mg3Bi2, Al2Ca and Bi3Ca5 phases in the modified alloys reduce their UTS and ductility. The transgranular cleavage fracture at 298 K changes to quasi-cleavage fracture at 473 K. Several dislocations piled up around the β-Mg17Al12 and Al2Ca phases are seen.
Residual stress and microhardness evolution induced by conventional and ultrasonic shot peening
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xu Shuo , Zhang Ziqian , Zhang Xianjie , Wang Junbiao , Si Chaorun
Published: March 2022

Very limited comparative research has been conducted on microstructure evolution induced by different peening methods. Herein, the 2024T351 aluminium alloy was subjected to conventional shot peening (CSP) and ultrasonic shot peening (USP) under the identical Almen height to investigate the differences in surface roughness, residual stress and microhardness. The results demonstrated that under the same Almen height, the CSP treatment resulted in a rougher surface with higher surface roughness and more surface defects, and higher surface and maximum compressive residual stress (CRS) than the USP treatment. In contrast, the CRS depth was relatively lower for the CSP treated samples. In addition, the USP treatment produced more significant microhardness and hardened layer than the CSP treatment.
Optimization of nanoparticle yield for biomedical applications at femto-, pico- and nanosecond laser ablation of thin gold films in water
Authors: Nastulyavichus Alena , Kudryashov Sergey , Ionin Andrey , Gonchukov Sergey
Published: March 2022

The paper considers the generation of colloidal gold nanoparticles by laser ablation of thin gold films of variable thickness in deionized water. The effect of laser fluence, pulsewidth, exposure, and film thickness on the generation of nanoparticles, its productivity and ergonomicity, particle dispersion and size is studied along with the related ablative mass loss from the films.
Incompatibility in restricted operational theories: connecting contextuality and steering
Authors: Plávala Martin
Published: March 2022

We investigate the connection between steering and contextuality in general probabilistic theories. We show that for a class of bipartite states the steerability of the state by given set of measurements is equivalent to non-existence of preparation noncontextual hidden variable model for certain restricted theory constructed from the given state and measurements. The connection between steering and contextuality is provided by the concept of incompatibility in restricted theories, which we also investigate.
Special synchronous motors for driving reclamation pumps
Authors: Strizhkov I G , Chesnyuk E N
Published: March 2022

Possibilities of contactless excitation of a synchronous motor of a special design intended for driving pumps in irrigated agriculture are considered. The possibility of using an asynchronous machine with a contactless exciter is considered. An asynchronous machine with a rotating semiconductor unregulated rectifier is installed on the common shaft of the main machine (motor) and exciter.
Studying waters of the Volgo-Don canal for the purpose of irrigation
Authors: Kozinskaya O V , Denisova M A , Bocharnikov V S , Bocharnikova O V , Kuznetsova, T V Repenko N V , Meshcheryakov M P
Published: March 2022

The data on the quality of water for irrigation and measures to improve the uniformity of distribution of artificial rain along the water pipeline of the sprinkler in order to increase the quality of irrigation are given. It has been established that the uniformity of irrigation is affected by the quality of water, in particular the presence of small particles and impurities in it, which clog the sprinklers, leading to the cessation of water supply to the irrigated area. Plants do not get enough moisture, resulting in lower yields. Studies on the uniformity of the distribution of the rain layer when irrigating with the Don-K sprinkler showed that after the installation of a water purification system in front of the water pipeline input, a more uniform distribution of rain was observed along the water-conducting belt of the farm. The content of undissolved impurities decreased by a factor of 10, and the irrigation rate increased by 15%.
Biological accumulation of zinc and copper in the «Soil-plant» system in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Zharkova N N
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the work was to study the intensity of biological accumulation of zinc and copper Tanacetum vulgare in the conditions of Western Siberia. Field experiments were carried out in the period 2012-2015 on meadow-chernozem soil of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region. The medicinal crop Tanacetum vulgare was chosen as an object of research. Copper and zinc fertilizers in acetate forms were applied in the background (N135P45K45). The content of mobile forms of Zn and Cu in soil and plant samples was determined by atomic absorption method. When zinc and copper fertilizers were applied, the content of mobile forms of Zn and Cu in the soil increased compared with the control and the ground. At the same time, application of micronutrient fertilizers did not lead to excess of MAC. The content of zinc in medicinal raw material Tanacetum vulgare changed from 25.3 to 48.0 mg/kg; of copper from 4.3 to 8.3 mg/kg after application of micronutrient fertilizers. The content of trace elements in medicinal raw material Tanacetum vulgare did not exceed MAL (Cu-30 mg/kg, Zn-50 mg/kg). To estimate the intensity of absorption of trace elements Tanacetum vulgare used coefficients of biological accumulation (Cba
Zn, Cu). According to values of coefficients of biological accumulation, Tanacetum vulgare intensively absorbed zinc (Cba
= 4, 59-16, 8) and very intensively and intensively copper (Cba
= 23, 33-48, 82). Thus, the studies showed that this crop is a copper concentrator, as Cba
Cu > Cba
Zn.
Reduction of current transformers errors of rural electrical networks when operating at low currents
Authors: Dorozhko S V , Shaimordanova M S
Published: March 2022

The peculiarities of agricultural power supply are reduced reliability of power supply, increased voltages, and a three-phase – single-phase power distribution system and reduced quality of voltage at power receivers. A key element in rural electrical networks is the power transformer. To detect the deformation of the windings of the power transformer of rural electrical networks, accurate measurements of the currents in the neutral of this transformer are required. Current transformers installed in the neutral do not provide sufficient accuracy at currents less than 5 % of the nominal. A method is proposed for reducing the current transformer errors when operating at low currents, considering the nonlinearity of the magnetization characteristics of the core. The results of calculating the compensation of errors of a laboratory sample of a current transformer are presented.
Increasing the germination of wheat seeds using the technology of pressing seeds into the sowing furrows
Authors: Danilov M V , Kulaev E V , Vysochkina L I , Kalugin D S , Maliev V K
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of research on a new design of a combined disc coulter, which makes it possible to implement the technology of sowing wheat by pressing the seeds into the bottom of the furrow. The material for the study was the seeds of winter wheat variety “Zustrich”. Studies have shown that the maximum pressing force of winter wheat seeds is much less than the force of their destruction, the depth of pressing is from 5 to 8 mm, the speed of the seeder is about 10 km · h−1. On the basis of analytical studies, the design parameters and operating modes of the combined disc coulter were substantiated, which made it possible to obtain soil density at the bottom of the sowing furrow of 1.15 t · m−3, seed germination – 86, 9%; uniformity of seed distribution in a row – 83, 6%, which fully complies with agricultural requirements.
Automatizing process of electroimpulse treatment of plant raw materials
Authors: Yudaev I , Kokurin R , Daus Yu , Ivanov D
Published: March 2022

Extraction of juice and removal of excess liquid from vegetable raw materials (vegetables, fruits, melons and crops, etc.) are the main technological operations during juice processing. The quality and quantity of the finished product depend on the efficiency of its implementation, for example, the drying process that determines the prime cost of its production. Therefore, technologies that allow solving this problem automatically in the most efficient way are relevant and require close attention not only of processing enterprises of various ownership forms, but also of research scientists. Such technologies include electric impulse processing of raw materials of plant origin before extraction or removal of moisture in the manufacture of juices, mashed potatoes, pastes, the drying of melons and fruits, etc. This technology has a great prospect, as it is characterized by low energy consumption, environmental cleanliness, food safety and can be fully automated. The control system of electric impulse processing, first of all, should receive primary information about the depth of the effects and the destruction of the intra-cellular structure of plant raw materials. The application of the received information allows electric impulse processing to adjust the frequency of the acting pulses and the voltage amplitude. This approach leads to reduction in the electrical energy input into the vegetable raw material for the destruction of cellular structures and, accordingly, to decrease in its consumption. The conducted studies allow asserting that it is best to use information on the change in the phase angle as the received information on the change in the electrophysical properties of plant tissue. The designed automatic system can be integrated with minimal constructive modifications into already existing lines for the processing of vegetable raw materials.
Bioremediation of contaminated light-chestnut soils in southern Russia
Authors: Kalmykova E V , Belyaev A I , Yu Petrov N , Pugacheva A M , Aksenov M P
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the results of studies of agrochemical and microbiological indicators of oil contaminated soils in southern Russia when using a biological preparation in the period from 2013 to 2019. Light-chestnut soils, tomato test culture, and biological preparation Biodux were chosen as objects of the study. The soil was contaminated with oil of various concentrations. Phytotoxicity of the soil was estimated by germination, the length of the above-ground part, the root, and the total biomass of plants. The study revealed that phytotoxicity and changes in the agrochemical indicators of light-chestnut soils in southern Russia are directly related to the concentration of applied oil. Thus, samples contaminated with 10 % oil show the most adverse effect on the studied parameters. Changes in the biological activity of soils contaminated with oil products primarily affected the growth, development and, ultimately, the yield of crops. The studied preparation Biodux formed resistance to stressful growing conditions in tomato crops and activated their growth and biological processes. Based on the data obtained, light-chestnut soils are not resistant to oil contamination in terms of biological indicators.
Usage of high voltage impulse generator to research the process of electropulse destruction of locust larvae in the soil
Authors: Yudaev I , Kokurin R , Eviev V , Belyaeva B , Sumyanova E , Romanyuk N
Published: March 2022

In accordance with announced technology, a laboratory research complex is needed for researching the influence of electropulse effects on locust larvae (capsules) and identification of the processing modes and construction design required to cause their irreversible (fatal) damage. In this regard, a schematic diagram of a laboratory research complex for electropulse processing has been developed and its structure has been determined. A separate question concerned a source of high voltage and a shaper of high-voltage impulses. A special design of a high-voltage impulse generator has been developed. This design can produce impact impulses of various durations - the impulse duration depends on the capacitive storage; with maximum amplitude of 16 kV and current per impulse of up to 400 A. The generator uses a capacitive storage discharge through a thyratron controlled by a microcontroller to the load. The proposed high-voltage impulse generator is necessary for researching the effect of electropulse high-voltage technology on the irreversible damage of locust larvae located in the soil layer, and for the experimental identification of the operating modes of the electrical part of the designed electrotechnological system, which allows for destruction of locust capsules directly in the field. The designed high-voltage generator was tested in operational mode when working with a load, which was the soil volume placed between the electrodes in the working chamber. The shape of the operational impulse and its parameters comply with predefined characteristics for electropulse cultivation of soil massif with locust larvae (capsules). After the tests, minor structural adjustments were made, and the generator itself was prepared for experimental studies in the laboratory.
Research on the development of the agricultural sector of the Northern zone: repair and maintenance of machines
Authors: Kokieva G E , Druzyanova V P , Grigoriev S I
Published: March 2022

The use of complex and expensive equipment in agricultural production has significantly increased the requirements for the quality and timing of full performance of all the operations for its maintenance and storage. Nowadays the technical policy in the agro-industrial complex consists in the implementation of prompt and promising measures to satisfy agricultural producers and processors with high-quality, environmentally friendly and safe equipment, its efficient operation, a high level of mechanization and automation of labor, as well as the creation of a market for technical means and services. At the same time, a complex of measures that would consider both tactical and strategic situations in the context of the economic crisis is very important. In all cases, its starting point should be machine technology for the production of agricultural products and their processing, taking into account the peculiarities of the natural and climatic zones of the country. This is explained by many reasons, one of which is a decrease in the technical potential of village: the composition of machine and tractor fleet is decreasing and the physical and intellectual wear of equipment is progressing. According to the standard technology, the standards were created for labor costs for the repair of machines, standards for the consumption of materials required for repairs and rates for the use of spare parts. The practice of mass introduction of standard technology and norms has confirmed their high efficiency. The economic feasibility of restoring parts is usually assessed by the comparison of the cost of a new part and the cost of repairing a worn one. However, this does not take into account the difference in the service life of new and reworked parts and the additional costs associated with this.
The Effect of Retrofitted Refrigerant and Environmental Temperature on the Performance of Air Conditioner: An Experimental Study
Authors: Nugroho A. , Nurkholis A. , Maulana R. A. , Priangkoso T.
Published: March 2022

There are several factors that influence the efforts to increase the performance of an air conditioner (AC), one of which is the selection of working fluid, environmental condition, and device components. Refrigerant is the most vital substance which determines the efficiency of the cooling machine. In addition, ambient air temperature and humidity are other important factors that affect the performance of the cooling machine. Therefore, it is extremely crucial to calculate the environmental condition, which is the air temperature, so that the cooling machine can work optimally. Currently, the refrigeration system uses R-22 refrigerant. However, the use of R-22 has a high ODP (ozone depletion potential) value, thus having a risk of damaging the ozone layer. As a safer alternative, the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants, such as R134a and R290, can solve this problem as they do not have any ODP. This study was conducted by retrofitting the synthetic refrigerant in Air Conditioner (AC) 1 HP with various types of hydrocarbon refrigerant. The outside air temperatures used were 30°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, while the airflow velocity across the condenser also varied, namely 4.8 m/s, 5.8 m. /s, 6 m/s, and 6.6 m/s. From the results of this study, it is known that retrofitting synthetic refrigerants into hydrocarbon refrigerants can increase the coefficient of performance (COP) of the air conditioner. The uses of R134a and R290 hydrocarbon refrigerants increase the COP by 19% and 24.5%, respectively. In addition, lower ambient temperature will reduce the required electrical power. R290 Refrigerant has the best COP value compared to R22 and R134a.
Integration of Variable Renewable Energy, Electric Vehicle, and Smart Microgrid in ASEAN: A Focus Group Discussion Approach
Authors: Bong Cassendra P C , Hashim Haslenda , Ho Wai Shin , Muis Zarina Binti Ab , Yunus Nor Alafiza Binti , Demoral Alnie , Tirta Andy , Rizki Kresnawan M , Safrina Rika , Rosalia Silvira Ayu
Published: March 2022

Southeast Asia is expecting rapid growth in energy and vehicle demand. Variable renewable energy such as solar and wind have high potential in the region. ASEAN aims to increase the renewable energy share in power capacity to 35% 2025. The increase in renewable energy share can drive a shift in the current energy management system. The adoption of electric vehicles can bridge the link between the energy and vehicle sectors towards a green transformation. Electric vehicles that are powered by electricity from renewable sources creates demand by consuming energy from the grid, but it can also serve as battery storage that can discharge energy back to the grid if needed. It is known that the intermittent nature and high penetration of variable renewable energy can lead to power instability. However, microgrids can be designed and incorporated with electric vehicles and variable renewable energy deployments to enhance the reliability and stability of the power system. The engagement with key stakeholders related to the deployment of the platform for the use of these three technologies is crucial to gain better insight on the market status, including the current and future price and penetration trends, and deployment opportunities and barriers. A focus group discussion involving related stakeholders on the aspects of policies and targets, technology readiness, and implementation strategies, was thus conducted. The results showed that there have been concrete policies on the renewable energy installation targets among the countries. Electric vehicles penetration is also an existing priority with different countries having varying targets for the electric vehicle fleets and charging stations. However, for microgrids, it was found that there is less information on their deployment and application. As such, more detailed technical and economic assessment following its potential connection to current grid with other features including variable renewable energy and electric vehicles, as well as the available smart features in optimising power scheduling, should be carried out.
Technical Due Diligence for Minihydro Power Plant Project in Indonesia
Authors: Pangarso Suksmo Satriyo , Aminata Jaka , Utama Nuki Agya
Published: March 2022

Technical due diligence as part of the bankability due diligence carried out by the bank for the minihydro power plant (MHPP) project which will be financed for its construction. This research is to determine important variables as the object of due diligence and to conduct technical due diligence based on the variables. The important variables as the object of due diligence were obtained from interviews with group of experts who have experience in the construction of MHPP. The results of the interviews were processed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the risk ranking/weight. The due diligence process is carried out on submitted project documents and onsite verification to three sample of MHPPs at West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Based on the assesment to each variables to the sample MHPPs, we get result that one MHPP does not ready to be financed from a technical point of view.