bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro protein digestibility and fermentability of mulberry (Morus alba)-Leucaena foliage mixed feed
Authors: Yulistiani Dwi , Jelan Z. A. , Liang J. B.
Published: February 2017

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of mulberry-leucaena foliage mixed feed on protein digestibility and VFA production using an in vitro gas production study. Mulberry was mixed with one of 2 leucaena varieties (Leucaena leucocephala hybrid and Leucaena leucocephala local) at 3 levels (0, 25 and 50%). Study was conducted in completely randomized design. Mulberry foliage, leucaena and mixtures of mulberry-leucaena were incubated for 24 hours in glass syringes. Parameter recorded were gas production, in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD), in vitro N digestibility (IVND) and VFA production. Results of the study showed that supplementation of leucaena to mulberry decreased IVOMD, gas production and protein digestibility in the rumen buffered medium. The mixture of mulberry and leucaena hybrid at ratio 50% resulted in the lowest IVND than other treatment. However it increased protein digestibility in acid pepsin incubation as an estimate of protein availability in intestine. Gas production decreased in mulberry leucaena mixtures was followed by decreased total VFA production. Tannin derived from leucaena hybrid supplementation to mulberry at ratio 1 : 1 was most effective to decrease protein digestion in the rumen and to increase protein digestibility in acid pepsin incubation. In conclusion mixing of hybrid leucaena hybrid with mulberry foliage was able to protect protein degradation from mulberry in the rumen.
Greenhouse gas emissions from cattle production sector in South Korea
Authors: Febrisiantosa Andi , Lee J.H. , Choi H.L.
Published: February 2017

South Korea has declared to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30% compared to the current level by the year 2020. The greenhouse gas emissions from the cattle production sector in South Korea were evaluated in this study. The greenhouse gas emissions of dairy cattle, Non-Korean native cattle, and Korean native (Hanwoo) cattle production activities in 16 local administrative provinces of South Korea over a ten-year period (2005–2014) were estimated using the methodology specified by the Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory of the IPCC (2006). The emissions studied herein included methane from enteric fermentation, methane from manure management, nitrous oxide from manure management and carbon dioxide from direct on-farm energy use. Over the last ten years, Hanwoo cattle production activities were the primary contributor of CH4 from enteric fermentation, CH4 from manure management, NO2 from manure management and CO2 from on-farm energy use in the cattle livestock sector of South Korea, which comprised to 83.52% of total emissions from cattle production sector.
Framed by Freedom: Emancipation and Oppression in Post-Fordist Thailand
Authors: Sopranzetti Claudio
Published: February 2017

Based on ethnographic research conducted between 2009 and 2014, this article examines the discourse of freedom (‘itsaraphāp) among motorcycle taxi drivers in Bangkok and the practices, both emancipatory and oppressive, that it supports and makes possible. I explore its central role in their self-construction as successful migrants, entrepreneurial subjects, and autonomous urban dwellers, as well as its relations to capitalist restructuring and precarity in post-crisis Thailand. I show how freedom offers a way for precarious workers—such as the drivers—to consciously make sense of and make do with political-economic, social, and conceptual shifts taking place around them. In this sense, this article explores the construction of consent in contemporary Thailand without falling in the trap of assigning false consciousness to the drivers or of framing them as subjugated subjects. Rather, I locate the effectiveness of ‘itsaraphāpdiscourse precisely in its ability to connect preexisting forms of exploitation, personal desires, and aspirations with a restructuring of the relations between capital and labor in contemporary Bangkok.
To Revive an Abundant Life: Catholic Science and Neoextractivist Politics in Peru’s Mantaro Valley
Authors: Graeter Stefanie
Published: February 2017

Since the turn of the twenty-first century, the rapid growth of Peru’s extractive industries has unleashed diverse forms of political resistance to an economic system dependent on ecological destruction and human harm. In the central highlands of Peru, a Catholic scientific project based out of the Archdiocese of Huancayo undertook six years of research on heavy-metal contamination in the Mantaro Valley. This included lead-exposure studies in the notoriously polluted city of La Oroya, home to the country’s largest polymetallic smelter. How did the Catholic Church become an apt institution for the production of science in this region? Drawing on fieldwork with the Revive the Mantaro Project, this article conceptualizes the integration of religious and scientific practitioners and practices and the political landscape that necessitated, shaped, and limited them. Technocratic governance and anti-leftist sentiments made science a suitable political idiom for the Catholic Church to enact its ethos of abundance and demand the legitimacy of life beyond bare life. A state of endemic corruption and epistemic mistrust also obliged Catholic accompaniment to scientific practices to generate trust for the researchers and to provide ethical credibility as their knowledge entered the fray of national mining politics. Ultimately contending with entrenched systems of power, the Revive the Mantaro Project’s significance extended beyond political efficacy; its practices enacted a world of democracy, rights, and legal protections not yet of this world.
A TEORIA DA PERDA DE UMA CHANCE DAS FUTURAS GERAÇÕES COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETIVAÇÃO DOS PRINCÍPIOS DA PRECAUÇÃO E DA REPARAÇÃO INTEGRAL NO DANO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Liguori Carla , Riani Rhiani Salamon Reis
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar que a teoria da perda de uma chance das futuras gerações é um importante instrumento de efetivação dosprincípios da precaução e da reparação integral no dano ambiental. A axiologia do artigo 225 da CRFB/88 visa desenvolver na sociedade brasileira um dever de solidariedade para com as futuras gerações, com o fito de promover uma sadia qualidade de vida no futuro. Para isso, é por intermédio dos princípios da precaução e da reparação integral que este valor transgeracional se efetiva. Dianteda dúvida de risco ao meio ambiente e do dano efetivo, a cautela de promoção do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado deve prevalecer. Em caso de nexo causal entre a atitude do poluidor e a perda de uma chance, a responsabilização ambiental objetiva será aplicada para se promover a efetiva tutela do meio ambiente. Nesse sentido, pretende-se estudar a teoria da perda de uma chance soba ótica da responsabilização ambiental.
DANO AMBIENTAL: CARACTERIZAÇÃO E EFETIVIDADE DAS MEDIDAS ADEQUADAS E DESJUDICIALIZADORAS DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Duarte Márcia Michele Garcia
Published: February 2017

O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar a aplicação das formas adequadas de solução de conflitos, notadamente partindo dos parâmetros de mediação e conciliação redigidas nas fontes do direito, bem como das medidasdesjudicializadoras, potencializadas pelo marco normativo da mediação e da alteração da lei de arbitragem, que ampliaram a margem de negociação dos direitosinerentes à administração pública e ao interesse público. Para tanto, assenta-se a investigação especificamente sobre o dano ambiental, parametrizando o objeto das negociações reparatória do interesse público ambiental.
MULTIPARENTALIDADE: O PODER FAMILIAR E AS MUDANÇAS TRAZIDAS PELA LEI N. 13.058/2014 ACERCA DO INSTITUTO
Authors: Lando Giorge André , Dos Santos Lucas Emmanuel Fortes
Published: February 2017

A autoridade parental representa um plexo de prerrogativas atribuídas à figura dos pais no propósito de salvaguardar os interesses e a própria existência do filho menor. Sua dinâmica guarda relação direta com a formatação familiar. Oartigo tem por objetivo discorrer acercado poder exercido pelos pais em relação aos filhos relacionando-o à multiparentalidade, bem como identificar os efeitos jurídicos que derivam por meio do reconhecimento judicial desta.Tratar-se-á de umapesquisadescritiva-exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa,produzida através da técnica bibliográfica ede análise documental.A novel absorção da afetividade com elemento legitimador das relações de parentesco abriu margem para a coexistência do vínculo biológico com o socioafetivo no âmbito familiar, alargando as fronteiras historicamente imóveis da responsabilidade parental. Nessa linha, procura-se compreender a amplitude dos poderes legalmente conferidos aos pais, esclarecendo a transformação ocorrida no tratamento jurídico dado a este múnus estatal diante da nova compreensão da afetividade nas relações de parentesco, mas não somente isso, busca-se compreender o poder familiar diante da absorção de conceitos como a pluriparentalidade, traçando as consequências deste fenômeno nascido em razão da desbiologização dos laços familiares.
AGENDA AMBIENTAL BRASILEIRA – A3P – NAS LICITAÇÕES ADMINISTRATIVAS: ANÁLISE DA NATUREZA JURÍDICA E OUTROS ASPECTOS LEGAIS
Authors: Nunes Cláudia Ribeiro Pereira
Published: February 2017

O Ministério do Meio Ambiente instituiu um Programa denominado Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública Brasileira, estabelecendo a sustentabilidade como mote na contratação pública nos três Poderes e em todas as esferasda federação - A3P. Esta pesquisa pretende discutir a natureza jurídica da Agenda, com fundamento no modelo de cooperação estimulado pelos art. 174 § 1º e art. 225, ambos da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. A abordagem metodológica empregada é a revisão literária integrada e a obtenção de dados secundários. O método é o estado da arte. O resultado esperado é o de identificar a natureza jurídica da sustentabilidade na Agenda.
APLIKASI PRINSIP KESANTUNAN OLEH ANAK KETIKA BERARGUMEN DENGAN ORANG TUA: Studi Kasus Tindak Persuasi AP Ketika Permintaanya Ditolak
Authors: Prihantoro Prihantoro
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan prinsip kesantunan yang digunakan anak ketika berargumen dengan orang tuanya.  Data diperoleh secara purposif pada anak bernama AP yang psikogramnya menunjukan keunggulan dalam ranah logika dan linguistik. Data lisan dikumpulkan dalam rentang waktu satu bulan dengan metode observasi dan difokuskan pada argumentasi AP atas penolakan dari permintaanya. Setelah disortir terdapat 124 penolakan dan 97 kali argumentasi. Prosedur analisis data adalah memadankan tuturan penolakan dengan teori kesantunan dari Leech (1983). Dari hasil analisis, lebih dari 80% argumentasi AP parallel dengan tact maxim.  Ini menunjukan bahwa dalam argumentasi persuasifnya, ia berusaha untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan dan meminimalkan kerugian pada orang lain, tidak dirinya sendiri. This study is aimed at describing the application of politeness principle by a child when arguing with her parent. The data is obtained purposively on a 5 years old girl named AP, where her psikogram shows that she excels in logic and linguistic. Speech data is collected within a month by observation method. Data selection shows 124 refusals and 97 arguments. I consulted the data to Leech (1983) politeness principles. It shows that more than 80% of AP’s argumentation complies with tact maxim
WISDOM VALUESIN THE BANJARESE PROVERBS
Authors: Farid Rezqan Noor
Published: February 2017

This study is aimed to reveal parts of Banjarese proverbs which contain wisdom values, to find kinds of wisdom values represented through the Banjarese proverbs, and to reveal social contexts influencing the producing and interpreting process of the proverbs. The data of this study are gathered and selected from several literatures of Banjarese which are then analyzed using critical linguistics.  The results of this study show that the parts which contain the wisdom values of the Banjarese people are the clues of interpretation. The wisdom values are also related to the good and the bad behaviours of Banjarese people. It is also found that Islam, as the religion followed by the majority of the Banjarese people, influences the Banjarese culture and Banjarese proverbs. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu bagian mana saja dari peribahasa bahasa Banjar yang mengandung nilai kerarifan, menemukan bentuk nilai kearifan didalamnya, dan mengetahui apakah terdapat suatu konteks social yang mempengaruhi proses pembentukan dan penginterpetasian peribahasa itu sendiri. Data dalam studi ini dirangkum dari beberapa literatur yang ditulis oleh orang Banjar sendiri yang dipilih dengan alasan hanya literatur tersebut lah yang tersedia pada waktu studi ini dibuat. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisa dengan metode linguistic kritis. Studi ini menunjukkan bagian dari peribahasa Banjar yang cenderung mengandung nilai kearifan adalah penanda interpretasi. Hasil studi ini juga menunjukkan nilai kearifan dalam peribahasa Banjar terkait dengan sikap yang tidak patut ditiru dan sikap yang pantas untuk diikuti. Dan diasumsikan juga bahwa agama islam, yang terhitung sebagai agama yang dipeluk mayoritas penduduk Banjar, ternyata memiliki pengaruh terhadap kebudayaan dan peribahasa Banjar.
Cutting export subsidies, cropping domestic production: input-output analysis of the Swiss dairy sector after abolishment of the ‘Chocolate law’ subsidies
Authors: KÂHYA Seyhan , KUHAR Aleš
Published: February 2017

The `Chocolate law’ in Switzerland enables subsidies for dairy and wheat farmers, bound to the condition that their products are exported after processing (Swiss Federation, 2011). Though the Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization has decided in December 2015 that this law has to be abolished by 2021 [WTO, 2015]. Cutting subsidies might lead to a demand shock and consequently a cropped domestic production (Miller and Blair, 1985). We analysed in this study the interdependence of the agro-food sectors by a Leontief input-output model and their linkages to other sectors (Chereny and Watanabe, 1958, Leontief 1986) and additionally, the amount, direction and dispersion of the possible demand shock.  Hence, non-meat food processors and dairy processing were determined as key sectors as they have strong linkage effects and are rather concentrated to few sectors. Both sectors rely strongly on the output of the raw milk producers and have few sectors to sell their products. Outside of the cut sectors, these sectors will be challenged the most from this new policy.
Simulation of the remanence influence on the transient states in a single-phase multiwinding transformer
Authors: Wilk Andrzej , Michna Michał
Published: February 2017

This paper presents the mathematical model of a single-phase multi-winding core type transformer taking into account magnetic hysteresis phenomenon based on the feedback Preisach model (FPM). The set of loop differential equations was developed for a K-th winding transformer model where the flux linkages of each winding includes flux Φ common to all windings as a function of magneto motive force Θ of all windings. The first purpose of this paper is to implement a hysteresis nonlinearity involved in the Φ(Θ) function which also accounts residual magnetic flux. The second purpose of this paper is experimental validation of the developed transformer model in a capacitor discharge test and several different values of residual magnetic flux.
Multilevel inverter with optimal THD through the firefly algorithm
Authors: El Mehdi Belkacem Riadh , Benzid Redha , Bouguechal Noureddine
Published: February 2017

Reduction of the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in multilevel inverters requires resolution of complex nonlinear transcendental equations; in this paper we propose a combination of one of the best existing optimized hardware structures with the recent firefly algorithm, which was used to optimize the THD, through finding the best switching angles and guaranteeing the minimization of harmonics within a user defined bandwidth. The obtained THD through the simulation of the thirteen-level symmetric inverter has been reduced down to 5% (FFT of 60 harmonics). In order to validate the simulation results, a thirteen-level symmetric inverter prototype has been made, and practically experimented and tested with different loads. Consequently, the measured THD with resistive load was 4.7% on a bandwidth of 3 kHz. The main advantage of the achieved work is the reduction of the THD.
Fractional derivatives in electrical circuit theory – critical remarks
Authors: Sikora Ryszard
Published: February 2017

A number of critical remarks related to the application of fractional derivatives in electrical circuit theory have been presented in this paper. Few cases have been pointed out that refer to observed in selected publications violations of dimensional uniformity of physical equation rules as well as to a potential impact on the Maxwell equations.
Problems related to balancing peak power on the example of the Polish National Power System
Authors: Majchrzak Henryk
Published: February 2017

The article discusses issues related to ensuring secure operation of the National Power System. The tasks of transmission system operators in that scope were presented and the power demand of the Polish National Power System on critical days in terms of power generation and demand was characterized. The article also presents the causes and course of events which took place in August 2015 when there was a critical imbalance in the Polish National Power System leading to the introduction of limitations. Then, the possibilities and types of costs connected with the possibilities of balancing the system in the periods of peak loads were characterized. The summary of the article contains the presentation of conclusions related to power balancing in the power system and reduction of related costs.
Nostalgia, Commodification of Emotions and Small-town Tourism: The Case of Vintage Vila
Authors: Pavlakovič Barbara , Pozvek Nejc , Trdina Andreja
Published: February 2017

Small urban environments face many issues in tourism; for example, how to position themselves in contrast to the larger cities and how to provide adequate tourist facilities for their guests. In the case of positioning, they have to choose something different and attractive. And in the case of infrastructure, small cities are primarily meant for their residents and have plenty residential buildings but lack of tourist accommodation buildings. The article attempts to reflect on specific contemporary form of “consumed nostalgia” (Cross, 2015) that is characteristic of the era of modern consumer society and offer an example of how its potential could be employed in tourism, particular in small urban environments with significant implications of preserving abandoned properties and thus existing architectural and cultural heritage. An analysis of Vintage Vila accommodation facility that is located in small city of Brežice, Slovenia, was conducted in order to acquaint the potential of a specific form of nostalgia tourism. After an interview with Vintage Vila founder, a review of their Facebook site and the responses of the visitors was made. Additionally the study of media coverage of Vintage Vila was completed to understand the discursive construction of a unique narrative of the place. The basic objective of this paper is to describe this innovative solution for the preservation of architectural and cultural heritage of small urban environments. With the case study of Vintage Vila accommodation facility we hope to encourage other small cities to recognise their potential in abandoned buildings. Restoration of such facilities can open up new possibilities in tourism and may, together with thoughtfully chosen narratives that emotionally bound people to their material environment, contribute to a revitalization of small cities. What is more, tourism development grounded in vintage and nostalgia appeals should be considered as part of a call for sustainable growth, as it advocates and supports alternative consumer practices (such as recycling and reusing objects) and preservation of material culture in general.
Cities as Destinations of Urban Ecotourism: The Case Study of Novi Sad
Authors: Jegdić Vaso , Gradinac Oliver
Published: February 2017

Ecotourism in an urban environment takes places in areas that offer a certain degree of naturalness in a situation when they are significantly modified by previous human activities. Concept of urban ecotourism recognizes the significance of ecotourism in facilitating cultural exchange, environmental protection and sustainable urban development. Contrary to classic ecodestinations, urban ecotourism is more acceptable considering a higher capacity of urban destinations and the potential to renovate locations that have been degraded by industrial, traffic or other human activities. The experiences and examples from Europe and North America indicate that such projects significantly contribute to a sustainable ecological and social-economical development of many cities. In Serbia, the practice of quality preparations and including natural and other resources into the development of urban ecotourism has still not been established. The paper found that Novi Sad has the resources which would make it also interesting as destination of urban ecotourism. As the most significant point, Danube should be mention with its coastal green zone and numerous islands, as well as the city parks. There are green complexes, available surfaces and abandoned objects and facilities of previous economical activities located in the peripheral and suburban zone. In the immediate surroundings of Novi Sad, there are numerous messuages (Čenej messuages are in the city itself), that have been recently redecorated as eco and ethno oases. The purpose of the paper is to suggest manners of their inclusion into the integral tourist product based on the research of resources for the development of urban ecotourism in Novi Sad. The paper emploied analytical-synthetic method, a combination of secondary sources of literature data, internet, and other sources, with the primary data gained by field observation, analyzing the content of advertising materials and contact through informal interviews with various organizations and experts from the field of ecology, ecotourism and tourism in general, and with decision makers. This research suggests the ways of including ecotourism resources in the tourist offer of Novi Sad.
A Counterexample for Singular Equations with Indefinite Weight
Authors: Ureña Antonio J.
Published: February 2017

We construct a second-order equation

x
¨

=

h
⁢

(
t
)

/

x
p

{\ddot{x}=h(t)/x^{p}}

, with

p
>
1

{p>1}

and the sign-changing, periodic weight function h having negative mean, which does not have periodic solutions. This contrasts with earlier results which state that, in many cases, such periodic problems are solvable.
Development of Knitted Materials Selection for Compression Underwear
Authors: Cheng Zhe , Kuzmichev V. E. , Adolphe D. C.
Published: February 2017

The presented research deals with the development of comfortable male underwear taking into account the development of pattern block methods and the analysis of the relationships existing between the compression pressure, the knitted materials properties, and some push-up effects. The main aim of this study is to achieve the technical selection of the materials based on KES-FB evaluations.The ease value has been used as the main index to connect the structural design of underwear, on one hand, and the body sizes, on other hand. A “bodyshell” system for testing the soft tissue of male bodies by FlexiForce sensor has been implemented. The pressures under the shells at six different places on the male body with ease changing have been tested.The collected results including maximum-possible pressure and material tensile indexes measured thanks to KES-FB have been analyzed in order to find the most relevant indexes of the material properties. A mathematical equations based on relationships combining theoretical model with practical application have been established. These equations will be helpful for the consumers and designers to select “the suitable knitting materials for male underwear” and they can be used too in the perspective of parameterization in CAD, in order to improve product developments efficiency.
Genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of schizophrenia - towards mainstreaming
Authors: Łaba-Stefanek Agnieszka , Dziwota Ewelina , Olajossy Marcin
Published: February 2017

The prevalence of schizophrenia in a population is about 1%. Many efforts are constantly made to find the cause of this mental illness. Authors of this article provide groups of factors influencing the development of the disease. Among these factors, genetics seems to be an interesting and reasonable trend of exploration. GWAS research studies allow not only determining the point mutations in the genome, but also try to give an answer to the question about the biological mechanisms of disease. A microRNA MIR137, which is involved in neurogenesis and maturation of neurons may be an example. However, the genetic component may not always be sufficient to trigger symptoms. Definitely, a large group of environmental factors has an important role. Schizophrenia is a complex disease in which many genes interact with the environment. This article is a presentation of genes and the impact of various external environmental factors, leading to the onset of schizophrenia. Interrelationship between polygenic determinant of disease and the impact of both environmental and social factors in future will certainly become the field of interest for research concerning the etiology and course of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
Silent angels the genetic and clinical aspects of Rett syndrome
Authors: Dziwota Ewelina , Fałkowska Urszula , Adamczyk Katarzyna , Adamczyk Dorota , Stefańska Alena , Pawęzka Justyna , Olajossy Marcin
Published: February 2017

Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder and, because of some behavioral characteristics, individuals affected by the disease are known as silent angels. Girls with Rett syndrome perform stereotyped movements, they have learning difficulties, their reaction time is prolonged, and they seem alienated in the environment. These children require constant pediatric, neurological and orthopedic care. In the treatment of Rett syndrome physical therapy, music therapy, hydrotherapy, hippotherapy, behavioral methods, speech therapy and diet, are also used. In turn, psychological therapy of the syndrome is based on the sensory integration method, using two or more senses simultaneously. In 80% of cases, the syndrome is related to mutations of the MECP2 gene, located on chromosome X. The pathogenesis of Rett syndrome is caused by the occurrence of a non-functional MeCP2 protein, which is a transcription factor of many genes, i.e. Bdnf, mef2c, Sgk1, Uqcrc1. Abnormal expression of these genes reveals a characteristic disease phenotype. Clinical symptoms relate mainly to the nervous, respiratory, skeletal and gastrointestinal systems. Currently causal treatment is not possible. However, researchers are developing methods by which, perhaps in the near future, it will be possible to eliminate the mutations in the MECP2 gene, and this will give a chance to the patient for normal functioning.

The paper presents the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, genetic, clinical, pharmacological aspects and other forms of Rett syndrome treatment.
The schizo-obsessive disorder: a case report
Authors: Urbańska Anna , Lis Agnieszka , Sołowiej Mateusz , Perzyńska-Starkiewicz Aneta , Szymczuk Diana , Olajossy Marcin
Published: February 2017

Purpose: A case of schizophrenia with coexisting obsessive-compulsive symptoms is reported.

Case: The frequency of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) occurrence among patients suffering from schizophrenia is considerably higher in comparison to general population. The results of some studies show that schizo-obsessive disorder is characterized by higher intensity of negative and depressive symptoms. Patients with comorbid schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder show greater level of social dysfunction and they exhibit suicidal behaviours more often than patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. We present a 33-year-old female with obsessive-compulsive symptoms with onset in her early teens with no satisfactory response to treatment, in spite of her good intellect and insight into illness and cooperation.

Comment: There is some evidence suggesting that patients with “schizo-obsessive disorder” have a worse prognosis compared to the group of patients suffering only from schizophrenia, but the effect of OCD on schizophrenia symptom profile is unclear.
The Role of the Built Environment in Human Life. Selected Issues
Authors: Lamprecht Mariusz
Published: February 2017

Creation of the built environment and research in this field pose a particularly difficult challenge nowadays. The pace of social and technological change does not allow for evolutionary development of cities and the formation of their land use according to current conditions. Creating spatial solutions that are unmatched in their contexts is becoming not only possible, but very probable (see Alexander, 1964). The development of the built environment involves not only art, technology, history, economics and law, but also philosophy, culture, medicine, psychology, sociology and many other spheres in which human life is manifested. However, only a relatively small number of disciplines such as spatial planning, urban design, urban planning, etc. (ignoring at this point the differences in the meaning of the concepts) in their application layer are meant to create space and bear responsibility for it. Also society has certain requirements of practical nature towards them.This article attempts to outline the nature of research on space urbanised by people and to determine the four main fields of research aimed at the problems of man and the built environment. In the next part, particular attention is paid to issues related to the impact of the built environment on the life of its residents in order to highlight the particular role and complexity of this area of research. This study, acting as a kind of test of the research, cannot be considered representative. Nevertheless, the analysis prompts several reflections on the current and future role of the built environment in the development of our civilisation, as well as further challenges related to it.
Leibniz Series for π
Authors: Pąk Karol
Published: February 2017

In this article we prove the Leibniz series for π which states that

π
4

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

(

−
1

)

n

2
⋅
n
+
1

.

$${\pi \over 4} = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^\infty {{{\left( { - 1} \right)^n } \over {2 \cdot n + 1}}.} $$

The formalization follows K. Knopp [8], [1] and [6]. Leibniz’s Series for Pi is item #26 from the “Formalizing 100 Theorems” list maintained by Freek Wiedijk at http://www.cs.ru.nl/F.Wiedijk/100/.
The Axiomatization of Propositional Logic
Authors: Giero Mariusz
Published: February 2017

This article introduces propositional logic as a formal system ([14], [10], [11]). The formulae of the language are as follows φ ::= ⊥ | p | φ → φ. Other connectives are introduced as abbrevations. The notions of model and satisfaction in model are defined. The axioms are all the formulae of the following schemes

α ⇒ (β ⇒ α),

(α ⇒ (β ⇒ γ)) ⇒ ((α ⇒ β) ⇒ (α ⇒ γ)),

(¬β ⇒ ¬α) ⇒ ((¬β ⇒ α) ⇒ β).

Modus ponens is the only derivation rule. The soundness theorem and the strong completeness theorem are proved. The proof of the completeness theorem is carried out by a counter-model existence method. In order to prove the completeness theorem, Lindenbaum’s Lemma is proved. Some most widely used tautologies are presented.
The Crati River Basin: geomorphological and stratigraphical data for the Plio–Quaternary evolution of northern Calabria, South Apennines, Italy
Authors: Robustelli Gaetano , Muto Francesco
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we present the results of an integrated geomorphological and stratigraphical study carried out in the eastern side of the Crati River valley (northern Calabria, South Italy). This area is characterized by the occurrence of three order palaeosurfaces that, along with low-sloping palaeovalleys and structural landforms, are striking features of the landscape. The relationships between morpho-tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Crati Basin has been assessed through sandstone detrital modes, morphostratigraphy and geomorphological correlation with adjacent areas. The two main unconformity surfaces that typify the Quaternary fill were correlated to different steps of landscape evolution. The presence of both erosional and depositional palaeosurfaces has been a useful marker for reconstructing sedimentary and morphogenetic events, and hence to detect drainage network evolution and changes in source sediment area. In particular, we recognized that the study area experienced, during the late Pliocene–Early Pleistocene a period of sub-aerial landscape modelling as suggested by low-sloping palaeovalleys and related fluvial deposits (1st Order Palaeosurface). At that time, the source of the detrital constituents of the PPS Unit sandstones was mainly from the Sila Massif. The onset of Coastal Range identification and uplift (Early Pleistocene) marks a change in the geomorphic scenario with tectonic driven stream incision and valley development along the eastern side of Coastal Range, along with the occurrence of depositional and erosional landsurfaces (2nd Order Palaeosurface) at footslopes. During this period, the Coastal Range and Sila Massif were the sources for the detrital constituents of the PlS Unit sandstones. The progressive uplift of Coastal Range during late Early Pleistocene and the marked backstepping of the depositional systems along the Sila footslope was accompanied by alternating phases of down-cutting and base-level stability resulting in the development of a step-like distributed 3rd Order Palaeosurface. The presence of dolostone in detrital modes is clear evidence of stream piracy phenomena of ancient palaeovalleys by the Crati valley-facing drainage network.
Geomorphological evolution of western Sicily, Italy
Authors: Di Maggio Cipriano , Madonia Giuliana , Vattano Marco , Agnesi Valerio , Monteleone Salvatore
Published: February 2017

This paper proposes a morphoevolutionary model for western Sicily. Sicily is a chain–foredeep–foreland system still being built, with tectonic activity involving uplift which tends to create new relief. To reconstruct the morphoevolutionary model, geological, and geomorphological studies were done on the basis of field survey and aerial photographic interpretation. The collected data show large areas characterized by specific geological, geomorphological, and topographical settings with rocks, landforms, and landscapes progressively older from south to north Sicily. The achieved results display: (1) gradual emersion of new areas due to uplift, its interaction with the Quaternary glacio-eustatic oscillations of the sea level, and the following production of a flight of stair-steps of uplifted marine terraces in southern Sicily, which migrates progressively upward and inwards; in response to the uplift (2) triggering of down-cutting processes that gradually dismantle the oldest terraces; (3) competition between uplift and down-cutting processes, which is responsible for the genesis of river valleys and isolated rounded hills in central Sicily; (4) continuous deepening over time that results in the exhumation of older and more resistant rocks in northern Sicily, where the higher heights of Sicily are realized and the older forms are retained; (5) extensional tectonic event in the northern end of Sicily, that produces the collapse of large blocks drowned in the Tyrrhenian Sea and sealed by coastal-marine deposits during the Calabrian stage; (6) trigger of uplift again in the previously subsiding blocks and its interaction with coastal processes and sea level fluctuations, which produce successions of marine terraces during the Middle–Upper Pleistocene stages.
Resting energy expenditure in girls with Turner syndrome
Authors: Binder Gerhard , Frank Laura , Ziegler Julian , Blumenstock Gunnar , Schweizer Roland
Published: February 2017

Background:

Knowledge concerning energy metabolism in Turner syndrome (TS) is lacking. We compared the resting energy expenditure per fat-free mass (REE/FFM) in TS with other girls with short stature treated with growth hormone (GH) and age-related controls.

Methods:

We measured prospectively REE by spirometry under fasting conditions in the morning in 85 short prepubertal girls at the start of GH treatment. Diagnoses were TS (n=20), GH deficiency (GHD) (n=38) and small for gestational age (SGA) short stature (n=27). Additionally, 20 age-related controls were studied. Mean ages were 8.3 (TS), 7.1 (GHD), 6.9 (SGA) and 8.5 years (controls). Mean heights were −2.90 (TS), −3.32 (GHD), −3.69 (SGA) and −0.03 standard deviation scores (SDS) (controls). FFM was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Results:

At the start of GH girls with TS showed insignificantly higher REE per FFM (REE/FFM) (mean±SD; 65±9 kcal/kg×day) than did the other female patients (62±9 kcal/kg×day) (p>0.23). The healthy controls had significantly lower REE/FFM (35±4 kcal/kg×day) (p<0.001). Follow-up examination of the patients after 6 or 12 months revealed decreasing REE/FFM in TS (62±9 kcal/kg×day) resulting in comparable REE/FFM in all three patient groups.

Conclusions:

At baseline short girls with TS had insignificantly higher REE/FFM than short children with SGA or GHD, but in follow-up this difference was not detectable any more. Future studies are necessary to understand this observation.
The anticorrosion properties of pigments based on molybdates and tungstates surface-modified with conducting polymers
Authors: Hájková T. , Kalendová A.
Published: February 2017

The objective of this work was to examine the properties of molybdate or tungstate based pigments whose surface has been coated with a conductive polymer, viz. either polyaniline phosphate (PANI) or polypyrrole phosphate (PPY), if used as pigments in organic coating materials. The anticorrosion pigments were prepared by high-temperature solid-state synthesis from the respective oxides, carbonates. The composite pigments (pigment/conductive polymer) were dispersed in a solvent-type epoxy-ester resin binder to obtain a series of paints whose anticorrosion properties were assessed by means of corrosion tests in accelerated corrosion test and by the linear polarisation method. Focus was on the anticorrosion properties of the paints depending on the pigment surface treatment, initial pigment composition, and pigment volume concentration (PVC) in the paint. The surface-treated pigment particles were expected to have a favourable effect on the anticorrosion and the mechanical properties of epoxy-ester resin based paints.
Determination corrosion rate of welded joints realised by MAG technology
Authors: Guzanová A. , Brezinová J. , Viňáš J. , Koncz J.
Published: February 2017

The paper deals with evaluation the corrosion characteristics of welded joints in two corrosion environments – SARS and 0.1 M NaCl solution. Welds were made by MAG technology using three protective gas mixtures - Ferroline He20C8, Ferroline C18 and Ferroline C6X1. There were realised chemical analysis of the base material and weld metal of all welded joints, Vickers hardness test of the base material, heat affected zones and weld metals, metallographic analysis of all areas of welds and measurement of base and weld metal corrosion rate in two corrosion environments. Hardness increases from the base material through the HAZ to the weld metal. The maximum difference between the hardness of the weld metal and the base material is 36 HV 0.1 - realised welds do not show a notch effect. The corrosion rate of the materials in SARS solution was higher than in the NaCl solution. The corrosion rate in weld metals of all welded joints was lower than the corrosion rate of the base material. The lowest corrosion rate in both corrosive environments showed a weld metal made using shielding gas Ferroline C18.
A self-destroying mechanism generated when functional parameters of paint system layers are improved in a non-suitable manner
Authors: Mindoš L. , Paráková M.
Published: February 2017

Increasing the functional parameters of coating composition-based protective coatings is a strongly emerging trend. However, there are some limits to the increasing of utility parameters of protective coatings – always where such parameters are opposite to the basic property, which is corrosion protection. The presented study describes a case of a premature failure in the corrosion protection secured by a duplex system that occurred after the paint system had been enriched with an anti-sliding property.
The Failed Probability of Love Over Labor in THX 1138 (1971)
Authors: Wydler Christopher
Published: February 2017

Scholarship on panopticism and film rarely considers aesthetic attributes of the medium. Thematic elements associated with panopticism are often examined instead. George Lucas’ directorial debut, THX 1138 (1971), uses aesthetic values in filmmaking to screen a narrative grounded in panopticism. By drawing on the Foucaultian principle of panopticism, this article illustrates the ideological confliction between labor and love that is central to the protagonist THX. On the surface, THX 1138 situates the sexual ideologies of the early Seventies in a socialist contention. The sexual ideology that favors love and freedom of expression is placed in direct conflict with a socialist ideology that labor and obedience. This ideological strife erupts on screen in a dystopian future that is visualized in panoptic cinematography techniques. The result is an analysis of the nuanced visual mastery on Lucas’s part that serves as an explicit commentary grounded in the political and cultural contention never quite resolved in American history.
Population potential within the urban environment and intra-urban railway network opportunities in Bratislava (Slovakia)
Authors: Ďurček Pavol , Horňák Marcel
Published: February 2017

Urban environments in post-socialist cities have generated new challenges for urban planners and decision makers. As one example, the transport infrastructure of Bratislava has not been adjusted with respect to increasing mobility and the transit problems of its intra-urban environment. An upgrading of the conventional railway networks within the city is one of the major opportunities which might considerably improve public transit capacities available for both intra-urban and regional (suburban) transport flows of passengers. Relevant studies on the population potential of residents supporting such upgrades are still lacking. In addition, a detailed database on population distributions within the intra-urban environments of Slovak cities is not yet available. Therefore, this paper attempts to introduce one of the possible methodological approaches leading to an estimation of population potential as an elementary precondition of intra-urban railway traffic effectiveness, in a society where a detailed database on population distribution is not available.
A Novel Adaptive Frequency Estimation Algorithm Based on Interpolation FFT and Improved Adaptive Notch Filter
Authors: Shen Ting-ao , Li Hua-nan , Zhang Qi-xin , Li Ming
Published: February 2017

The convergence rate and the continuous tracking precision are two main problems of the existing adaptive notch filter (ANF) for frequency tracking. To solve the problems, the frequency is detected by interpolation FFT at first, which aims to overcome the convergence rate of the ANF. Then, referring to the idea of negative feedback, an evaluation factor is designed to monitor the ANF parameters and realize continuously high frequency tracking accuracy. According to the principle, a novel adaptive frequency estimation algorithm based on interpolation FFT and improved ANF is put forward. Its basic idea, specific measures and implementation steps are described in detail. The proposed algorithm obtains a fast estimation of the signal frequency, higher accuracy and better universality qualities. Simulation results verified the superiority and validity of the proposed algorithm when compared with original algorithms.
Crystal structure of poly-[(μ6-benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylato)-(μ2-1,2-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene)dicobalt(II)], Co2C24H16N4O8
Authors: Liu Ping , Liu Qiuxia , Zhao Ning , An Caixia , Lian Zhaoxun
Published: February 2017

Co2C24H16N4O8, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.3859(13) Å, b = 9.5719(17) Å, c = 16.442(3) Å, α = 77.450(3)°, β = 85.065(3)°, γ = 84.844(3)°, V = 1127.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0457, wR
ref(F2) = 0.1058, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly-[diaqua-bis(μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II)] bis(4-chlorobenzenesulfonate) – 4,4′-bipyridine – water (1/1/2), C42H40Cl2CoN6O10S2
Authors: Liu Zheng-Jun , Chen Xiao-Miao , Deng Tao-Li
Published: February 2017

C42H40Cl2CoN6O10S2, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 17.447(6) Å, b = 11.467(4) Å, c = 22.691(4) Å, β = 108.31(5)°, V = 4310(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0341, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0921, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of chlorido-(N-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine-κ2
N,N′)(η
6-1-isopropyl-4-methyl benzene) ruthenium (II) tetrafluoroborate, C22H22Cl3N2BF4Ru
Authors: Gichumbi Joel M. , Omondi Bernard , Friedrich Holger B.
Published: February 2017

C22H22Cl3N2BF4Ru, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 15.067(5) Å, b = 10.409(5) Å, c = 16.503(5) Å, β = 112.75(5)°, V = 2386.9(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0211, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0535, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of methyl 1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate, C18H15FN2O2
Authors: Xu Wen-Chang , You Jin-Zong , Zhang Yi-Ping , Huang Xu-Wen , Li Tang-Qi , Tong Sheng-Yue , Qi De-Qiang
Published: February 2017

C18H15FN2O2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.8272(8) Å, b = 9.6662(10) Å, c = 10.9834(12) Å, α = 107.859(2)°, β = 92.559(2)°, γ = 99.415(2)°, V = 776.31(14) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0407, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1187, T = 296 K.
A New Species of Stellilabium (Orchidaceae) Segregated from S. morganiae
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Trejo Ramiro Medina , Lipińska Monika
Published: February 2017

A new species of Stellilabium Schltr. is described and illustrated based on material collected in Colombia. The new species is most similar to S. morganiae Dodson, but differs from it in flower morphology. The gynostemium appendages of the new entity are ovate and widely spreading; in S. morganiae they are relatively small, not spreading, and oblong-ovate, and do not exceed the lip basal part in width.
Biosorption of nickel (II) and zinc (II) from aqueous solutions by the biomass of yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Wierzba Sławomir
Published: February 2017

This study examined the biosorption process of Ni(II) and Zn(II) from an aqueous solution by dead biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica. Optimum biosorption conditions were determined as a function of pH, biomass dosage, contact time, and temperature. The biosorbent was characterized by FTIR, which indicated the participation of hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide and amine groups in the process of binding the metal ions. The results showed that the biosorption processes of both metal ions closely followed pseudo-second order kinetics. The equilibrium data of Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions at 20, 30 and 40°C fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm provided a better fit to the equilibrium data, with a maximum biosorption capacity of the Y. lipolytica biomass for Ni(II) and Zn(II) of 30.12 and 44.44 mg/g respectively. The calculated thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the biosorption of Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions onto the Y. lipolytica was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.