bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Initiative to Improve Compliance With Perioperative Anticoagulation
Authors: Pelkofski Elizabeth B. , Baker William D. , Rowlingson John C. , Cantrell Leigh A. , Duska Linda R.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE:

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in gynecologic oncology surgical patients. Many centers use neuraxial analgesia (NA), which affects the timing of prophylactic anticoagulation. In 2012, we determined that the rate of VTE in patients undergoing laparotomy with NA was higher than in those who received alternative pain control. In addition, compliance with preoperative anticoagulation guidelines was only 40%. We undertook a quality initiative (QI) project to increase compliance to 80% in NA cases and maintain 90% in non-NA cases.

METHODS:

A multidisciplinary working group designed and deployed a QI intervention bundle. Compliance was defined as the receipt of a prophylactic dose of anticoagulant within 1 hour after NA or before skin incision regardless of anesthesia type. Data were abstracted from the medical record after the study period. Cases from the year before QI were used for comparison. Primary outcome was compliance and secondary outcome was the rate of VTE.

RESULTS:

One hundred women were treated under the QI project and 182 historical cases (HCs) were used for comparison. Overall compliance improved (96% QI v 73% HC; P < .001). This difference was marked in cases with NA (95% QI v 40% HC; P < .001) and remained stable in non-NA cases (97% QI v 91% HC; P = .29). The overall rate of VTE, independent of anesthesia type, remained unchanged (2.1% HC v 0% QI; P = .3).

CONCLUSION:

Relatively simple and inexpensive initiatives to improve routine processes within the surgical pathway are feasible and attract staff participation. Such efforts are likely to translate into greater levels of patient safety.
Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction With Their Anesthesiologist: An Analysis of 51,676 Surveys From a Large Multihospital Practice
Authors: Pozdnyakova Anastasia , Tung Avery , Dutton Richard , Wazir Anum , Glick David B.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

An increasing focus of health care quality is the assessment of patient-reported outcomes, including satisfaction. Because anesthesia care occurs in the context of perioperative surgical care, direct associations between anesthetic management and patient experience may be difficult to identify. We analyzed anesthesia-specific patient satisfaction survey data from a large private practice group to identify patient, procedure, and anesthetic-specific predictors of patient satisfaction with their anesthesiologist, measured via responses to a validated patient satisfaction survey instrument. We hypothesized that some factors governing satisfaction with an anesthesia provider are beyond their ability to control.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed responses to the Anesthesia Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (APSQ), administered online to patients cared for by US Anesthesia Partners, a multistate anesthesia group practice. The APSQ focuses on patient satisfaction with their anesthesiologist and patient-reported outcomes and is administered after discharge. Responses from May to November 2016 were aggregated, and relationships between responses and patient, procedural, and clinician-related factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

Out of 629,220 adult patients cared for during the study period, 51,676 responded to the survey request for a 9.3% overall response rate for patients. Nonresponders were slightly older and more likely to be male than responders. After multivariable regression, no patient or procedural factor was associated with patient rating of their anesthesiologist. However, ≥55 years of age, inpatient (versus outpatient) setting, and nighttime surgery (between 6 pm and 6 am) were associated with lower scores on other satisfaction questions.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our data suggest that some factors governing satisfaction with an anesthesia provider are beyond their ability to control. Further work is needed to identify elements of patient satisfaction with their anesthesiologist and to optimize these aspects of perioperative care.
Safe Anesthesia Care in Western Kenya: A Preliminary Assessment of the Impact of Nurse Anesthetists at Multiple Levels of Government Hospitals
Authors: Umutesi Grace , McEvoy Matthew D. , Starnes Joseph R. , Sileshi Bantayehu , Atieli Harrysone E. , Onyango Kennedy , Newton Mark W.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Only 20% of the surgical burden in eastern sub-Saharan Africa is currently met, leaving >17 million surgical cases annually in need of safe surgery and anesthesia. Similarly, there is an extreme shortage of anesthesia providers in East Africa, with just 0.44 anesthesiologists per 100,000 people in Kenya compared to 20.82 per 100,000 in the United States. Additionally, surgical access is not equally distributed within countries, with rural settings often having the greatest unmet need. We developed and tested a set of tools to assess if graduates of the Kenya registered nurse anesthetist (KRNA) training program, who were placed in rural hospitals in Kenya, would have any impact on surgical numbers, referral patterns, and economics of these hospitals.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional data were collected from facility assessments in 9 referral hospitals to evaluate the possible impact of the KRNAs on anesthesia care. The hospitals were grouped based on both the number of beds and the assigned national hospital level. At each level, a hospital that had KRNA graduates (intervention) was matched with comparison hospitals in the same category with no KRNA graduates (control). The facility assessment survey included questions capturing data on personnel, infrastructure, supplies, medications, procedures, and outcomes. At the intervention sites, the medical directors of the hospitals and the KRNAs were interviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings.

RESULTS:

Intervention sites had a density of anesthesia providers that was 43% higher compared to the control sites. Intervention sites performed at least twice as many surgical cases compared to the control sites. Most KRNAs stated that the anesthesia training program had given them sufficient training and leadership skills to perform safe anesthesia in their clinical practice setting. Medical directors at the intervention sites reported increased surgical volumes and fewer referrals to larger hospitals due to the anesthesia gaps that had been addressed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings from this study suggest that KRNAs may be associated with an increased volume of surgical cases completed in these rural Kenyan hospitals and may therefore be filling a known anesthetic void. The presence of skilled anesthesia providers is a first step toward providing safe surgery and anesthesia care for all; however, significant gaps still remain. Future analysis will focus on surgical outcomes, the appropriate anesthesia delivery model for a rural population, and how the availability of anesthesia infrastructure impacts referral patterns and safe surgery capacity.
Adjustable Pressure Limit Valve Failure During Intraoperative Care: A Case Report
Authors: D’Mello Ajay J. , Raman Vidya T. , Tobias Joseph D.
Published: June 2019

One of the many safety features of modern day anesthesia machines is the adjustable pressure limiting (APL) valve. This device regulates pressure within the anesthesia circuit during manual ventilation with the anesthesia bag. We report an unusual case where a crack in the APL valve allowed release of pressure from within the circuit resulting in ineffective bag-valve-mask ventilation of an infant. The appropriate steps to prevent such issues are reviewed, and an algorithm to quickly identify such intraoperative problems is presented.
The MMTV-Wnt1 murine model produces two phenotypically distinct subtypes of mammary tumors with unique therapeutic responses to an EGFR inhibitor
Authors: Pfefferle Adam D. , Darr David B. , Calhoun Benjamin C. , Mott Kevin R. , Rosen Jeffrey M. , Perou Charles M.
Published: June 2019

The Wnt gene family encodes an evolutionarily conserved group of proteins that regulate cell growth, differentiation and stem cell self-renewal. Aberrant Wnt signaling in human breast tumors has been proposed as a driver of tumorigenesis, especially in the basal-like tumor subtype where canonical Wnt signaling is both enriched and predictive of poor clinical outcomes. The development of effective Wnt-based therapeutics, however, has been slowed in part by a limited understanding of the context-dependent nature with which these aberrations influence breast tumorigenesis. We previously reported that MMTV-Wnt1 mice, an established model for studying Wnt signaling in breast tumors, develop two subtypes of tumors by gene expression classification: Wnt1-EarlyEx and Wnt1-LateEx. Here, we extend this initial observation and show that Wnt1-EarlyEx tumors exhibit high expression of canonical Wnt, non-canonical Wnt, and EGFR signaling pathway signatures. Therapeutically, Wnt1-EarlyEx tumors showed a dynamic reduction in tumor volume when treated with an EGFR inhibitor. Wnt1-EarlyEx tumors had primarily Cd49fpos/Epcamneg FACS profiles, but it was not possible to serially transplant these tumors into wild-type FVB female mice. Conversely, Wnt1-LateEx tumors had a bloody gross pathology, which was highlighted by the presence of ‘blood lakes’ identified by H&E staining. These tumors had primarily Cd49fpos/Epcampos FACS profiles, but also contained a secondary Cd49fpos/Epcamneg subpopulation. Wnt1-LateEx tumors were enriched for activating Hras1 mutations and were capable of reproducing tumors when serially transplanted into wild-type FVB female mice. This study definitively shows that the MMTV-Wnt1 mouse model produces two phenotypically distinct subtypes of mammary tumors that differ in multiple biological aspects including sensitivity to an EGFR inhibitor.
Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion MR and diffusion kurtosis imaging for discriminating atypical bone metastasis from benign bone lesion
Authors: Wu Gang , Xie Ruyi , Liu Xuanlin , Hou Bowen , Li Yitong , Li Xiaoming
Published: June 2019

Objectives:

To investigate the feasibility of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion MR and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in discriminating atypical bone metastasis from benign bone lesion in patients with tumors.

Methods:

Patients with bone lesions in lower extremity suspected of metastases were enrolled in this prospective study. IVIM diffusion MR and DKI were performed before biopsy. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusion (D), perfusion fraction (f) and perfusion-related pseudodiffusion (D*) were generated with IVIM, while mean kurtosis (MK) and mean diffusion (MD) generated with DKI. Two radiologists blinded to pathology results separately measured these parameters for each lesion through drawing region of interest. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine the inter-reader viability in measurement. The patients with pathology-confirmed metastasis or benign lesion were analyzed. The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare IVIM and DKI parameters between metastasis group and benign lesion group. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the ability of discrimination.

Results:

Bone lesions from 28 patients (metastasis, n = 15; benign lesion, n = 13; mean age = 55 years; age range, 34~77) were analyzed with IVIM and DKI. Intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.8 for all parameters. ADC, D and MD were significantly lower in metastases versus benign lesions (p  ﻿<0.05). MK and f value were significantly higher in metastases versus benign lesions (p<0.05). D* was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). Areas under curve for ADC, D, f, MK and MD were 0.935, 0.939, 0.891, 0.840 and 0.844 respectively.

Conclusions:

IVIM and DKI derived parameters distinguish between atypical bone metastasis and benign bone lesion in selected patients with tumors.

Advances in knowledge:

Bone metastasis and benign bone lesion differ in water molecular diffusion.

Intravoxel incoherent motion derived true diffusion distinguishes between atypical bone metastasis and benign lesion.
Biopsy-diagnosed renal granuloma after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for bladder carcinoma: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Narita Keiichi , Akita Hirotaka , Kikuchi Eiji , Nakahara Tadaki , Okuda Shigeo , Nakatsuka Seishi , Oya Mototsugu , Jinzaki Masahiro
Published: June 2019

Renal granuloma is a rare complication affecting the kidneys after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for bladder carcinoma. Our case series review describes the imaging and histopathological findings of BCG-induced renal granulomas. All three renal granulomas, which were located in the upper pole, had a solitary mass-like appearance. The mean diameter was 31.3 mm. In the two cases, the lesion was homogeneously enhanced on post-contrast CT, and presented homogeneous low signal intensity on T2 weighted imaging (T2WI) and iso-signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Both lesions had increased fludeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake. Histological examinations revealed granulomatous inflammation with fibrosis. The third case showed a lesion having heterogeneous enhancement on CT, heterogeneous and slightly high signal intensity on T2WI, and high signal intensity on DWI. This case showed more severe inflammatory cell infiltration and less fibrosis than the former two cases did. It was suggested that the signal intensity on T2WI and DWI depends on the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in renal granuloma. It is currently challenging to distinguish renal granuloma from renal malignancy based on only imaging findings. Biopsies were helpful in confirming the diagnosis and avoiding unnecessary resection. Renal granuloma should be considered as a differential diagnosis when a renal mass is found in a patient with a history of intravesical BCG treatment.
Entomological determinants of malaria transmission in Kayin state, Eastern Myanmar: A 24-month longitudinal study in four villages
Authors: Chaumeau Victor , Fustec Bénédicte , Nay Hsel Saw , Montazeau Céline , Naw Nyo Saw , Metaane Selma , Sawasdichai Sunisa , Kittiphanakun Prapan , Phatharakokordbun Phabele , Kwansomboon Nittipha , Andolina Chiara , Cerqueira Dominique , Chareonviriyaphap Theeraphap , Nosten François H. , Corbel Vincent
Published: June 2019

Background: The Thailand-Myanmar borderland is an area endemic for malaria where transmission is low, seasonal and unstable. The epidemiology has been described but there is relatively few data on the entomological determinants of malaria transmission.

Methods: Entomological investigations were conducted during 24 months in four villages located in Kayin state, on the Myanmar side of the Thailand-Myanmar border. Anopheles mosquitoes were identified by morphology, and molecular assays were used in order to discriminate between closely related sibling species of malaria vectors. Plasmodium infection rate was determined using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results: The diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes was very high and multiple species were identified as malaria vectors. The intensity of human-vector contact (mean human-biting rate= 369 bites/person/month) compensates for the low infection rate in naturally infected populations of malaria vectors (mean sporozoite index= 0.04 and 0.17 % for P. falciparum and P. vivax respectively), yielding intermediary level of transmission intensity (mean entomological inoculation rate= 0.13 and 0.64 infective bites/person/month for P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively). Only 36% of the infected mosquitoes were collected indoors between 09:00 pm and 05:00 am, suggesting that mosquito bed-nets would fail to prevent most of the infective bites in the study area.

Conclusion: This study provided a unique opportunity to describe the entomology of malaria in low transmission settings of Southeast Asia. Our data are important in the context of malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion.
The Mystery of Chakara
Authors: Puthur John Jacob
Published: June 2019

The Mystery of Chakara
Detection of Outliers through Influence Function on Affinity
Authors: Rajalakshmi P. , Geetha P.
Published: June 2019

Outliers are the atypical observations that lie at abnormal distances from the other observations in a random sample. Such outliers are often seen as contaminating the data. In general, the rejection of influential outliers improves the accuracy of the estimators and so the results with the identification of outliers have become the most important aspect in any data analysis. Outlier detection finds many applications in the areas such as data cleaning, fraud detection, network intrusion, pharmaceutical research and exploration in science data buses. The distance based outlier detection is the most commonly used method. In this paper, the influence function for affinity is explained and the detection of outliers in classification problems using influence function for affinity is illustrated for univariate data through a few examples.
Understanding the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Rao Nagalakshmi A.
Published: June 2019

The Interstellar Medium- the medium between the stars is an active and dynamic medium and is a region of potential activity. Probing the ISM is interesting in itself. Understanding the gas and grains of the ISM provides vital clues on the evolution of the universe and our galaxy. The birth and death of stars takes place in the ISM. Spectral absorption features provide a wealth of information on the nature and composition of grains.
On the Computation of the Maximum Likelihood Estimates of the Parameters in a Mixture Model
Authors: Nanjundan G.
Published: June 2019

A social group may consist of sterile and fertile couples where sterile couples cannot reproduce. When the number of children for a fertile couple is distributed according to a Poisson distribution, the probability distribution of the number of children per couple in the social group is a mixture of a distribution singular at zero and a Poisson distribution. The estimation of the parameters in the mixture distribution is considered in this paper. Since the maximum likelihood (ML) metod does not provide estimates in closed forms, it is proposed to obtain the estimates using the EM algorithm. A stepwise procedure for computing the estimates is presented. A stepwise procedure for computing the estimates is presented. A numerical study is carried out to compare these estimates with the conditional ML estimates determined using Newton-Raphson iterative procedure.
The Rising Trend in Diabetes Mellitus - A Statistical Review
Authors: M. Mamatha , C. Nagaraja Rao
Published: June 2019

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases that is increasing in epidemic proportions throughout the world. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing at alarming rate unidentified, untreated or poorly controlled diabetes can result in disabling and life threatening long term complications including blindness, hearing loss, loss of limbs, heart disease and kidney failure. This article includes Statistical implications, Statistical study of therapies, clinical issues, complications and intervention strategies. A Capture-Recapture technique for prevalence studies is provided. The findings of the sample study are also presented.
Detection of Multidimensional Outliers using Biplot Analysis
Authors: Sajesh T. A. , Srinivasan M. R.
Published: June 2019

It is necessary to examine the valuable data being distorted by the presence of outliers before the same is subjected to necessary analysis. Outliers should be identified using reliable detection methods and tested prior to performing data analysis. Detection of outliers in multidimensional data is important in many applications as it will have far reaching consequences in its analysis. There are methods available in the literature for detecting multiple outliers but there exist no unified method for detecting the same. An attempt has been made to detect the multidimensional outliers through Biplot analysis using elliptical method with a well defined axis (a, b) based on Inter Quartile Range (IQR).The performance of the designed methods is examined by a comparison with the existing methods.
Six Sigma Control Limits and a Few Applications
Authors: C. Ambika , R. Prakash , C. Nagaraja Rao
Published: June 2019

Sigma (σ) is a Greek letter that has become the statistical symbol and metric of process variation. Six sigma is a disciplined, customers focused process designed to help organizations to move towards the creation of near perfect products and services. Six sigma (6σ) increases quality by reducing variation, defects and costs. 6σ is used in almost all fields of human activity. 6σ has been considered a powerful business strategy that employs a well structured continuous improvement methodology to reduce process variability and drive out waste within the business processes using effective application of statistical tools and techniques. This article i) gives the general introduction about the concept of six sigma, ii) briefs about the two 6σ methodologies DMAIC and DMADV, which are most commonly used by the organizations to achieve 6σ performance level, iii) discusses some of the applications of these limits in reducing the process variability. Some remarks about the results of applications of 6σ, the future requirements and benefits of 6σ are also discussed.
Growth of Antimony Selenide Crystals by Bridgman-Stockbarger Method
Authors: A. Chandrasekharan K. , G. Kunjomana A.
Published: June 2019

Single crystals of antimony selenide were grown from melt by the Bridgman Stockbarger method. X-ray powder diffraction analysis was carried out to determine the lattice parameters of the grown samples.The morphology and chemical analysis of cleavage planes were investigated using SEM and EDAX. The microhardness studies were done by using a Vickers hardness tester. The correlation of energy gap and microhardness has also been investigated.
Statistical Inference on Share Market: A Review
Authors: Ajaykumar Suni , Chillale Nagaraja Rao
Published: June 2019

This paper is an attempt to study the importance and use of statistical techniques like testing of hypothesis, correlation and regression analysis etc in the study of stock market pattern. Random walk hypothesis, behavioral hypothesis, cross over effect, future equity returns, regression analysis of trading and stock returns are discussed here along with some data analysis of the study conducted using the historical data for S&P CNX NIFTY, the closing indices of the equity market from 1990 to 2008 the data of R2, volatility and returns of SENSEX scripts for one-year period of 30 companies of BSE. The statistical analysis for these data, using SPSS to emphasize the significance of statistical tools in the field of stock prices.
Rule Based and Supervisory Training Approach To Develop Expert System Tool For Detecting Lung Cancer Disease
Authors: Balachandran K. , Anitha R.
Published: June 2019

Knowledge-based expert systems, or expert systems, use human knowledge to solve problems that normally would require human intelligence. These expert systems represent the expertise knowledge as data or rules within the computer. These rules and data can be called upon when needed to solve problems. Lung cancer is one of the dreaded disease in the modern era. It is responsible for the most cancer deaths in both men and women throughout the world. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are imperative for the cure. Longevity and cure depends on early detection. This paper gives on insight to identify the forget group of people who are suffering or susceptible to suffer lung cancer disease. Seeking proper medical attention con be initiated based on the findings. Expert system tool developed, to find this target group based on the non-clinical parameters. Symptoms and risk factors associated with Lung cancer ore token as the basis of this study. This expert system basically works on the rule based approach to collect the data. Then Supervisory learning approach is used to infer the basic data. Once sufficient knowledge base is generated the system can be made to adopt in unsupervised learning mode.
Effects of Unsteady Free Convective MHD Non-Newtonian Flow Through a Porous Medium Bounded by an Infinite Inclined Porous Plate
Authors: Reddy N. Ananda , Raju M. C. , Varma S. Vijay Kumar
Published: June 2019

The problem of unsteady free convective MHD incompressible electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid through porous medium bounded by on infinite inclined porous plate in the presence of constant suction and absorbing sinks is presented. Uniform magnetic field is applied normal to the plate. The equations governing the fluid flow have been solved using multi-parameter perturbation technique, subject to the relevant boundary conditions. It is noted that the velocity of the fluid and skin friction ore increased as permeability parameter and angle of inclination increases, whereas reverse phenomenon is observed in case of magnetic field strength and sink strength. Velocity and temperature are greater for mercury than that of electrolytic solution. Rate of heat transfer decreases with increase in the sink strength. The results ore discussed through graphs and tables.
Treatment of the Effluent Generated from the Pickling Method and to Remove their Toxic Property to Make it Eco-friendly
Authors: Chatterjee Rajeshwari
Published: June 2019

Pickling is one of the effective processes of Cold Rolled Coil processing. The theory of pickling is based upon acid wash treatment by 6 to 8% of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to remove the iron scales from the coils. As the result Fe+2, Fe+3 iron salts & acid are liberated as effluents. Those effluents need a proper treatment to remove their toxic properties & make them eco-environment friendly. In this industry the effluent is treated with a large effluent treatment plant where acid and iron is removed satisfactorily. After the treatment acid part is evaluated by the help of pH meter resulting generally 6 to 8 range which follow the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health but due to some methodological problems iron part is not evaluated which need an efficient system. The major objective of this theme is to make the monitoring & remove the remaining iron part in the ultimate water, which is discharged after effluent treatment, & resulting an efficient regeneration & reuse of that water. In the present paper case study has been conducted where this pickling method is used in Tata Ryerson, which is a joint venture between Tata Steel & Ryerson Tull, USA. It has a state-of-the art Cold Rolled coil processing line in Bara, Jamshedpur. The coils are cut to lengths as per requirements & packed in wooden crates for dispatch to various locations. The machine at Tata Ryerson has facilities like eleven roll levelers that are capable of providing dead flat surfaces(10 I Units) with close tolerances(+/- 1 mm.) on the length.
Rational United Process Part - II Best Practices for Software Development Team
Authors: Tharian Manoj
Published: June 2019

One Of the major problems with most business engineering efforts, is frat the software engineering and the business engineering community do not communicate properly With each other. This leads to that the Output from business engineering is not used properly as input to the software development effort, and viceversc. The Rational Unified Process addresses this by providing a common language and process for both communities, cs we" os showing how to create and maintain direct traceability between and soft-wore rnodels. In Business Modeling we document business processes using so called business use cases. This assures a common understanding among a" stakeholders Of What business process needs to be supported in the organization. The business use cases cre analyzed to understand how the business should support the I O business processes. This is documented in a business object-model. Many projects may choose not do modéing. Requirements The goal Of the Requirements workaow is 'o describe What the system should do and allows the agree on that description. TO achieve
Studies on Divalent Zinc and Cadmium Complexes Containing 1, 2-bis (n-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzene
Authors: HG Bheemanna , Gayathri Virupaiah , Nanje Gowda Nadur Muddanna
Published: June 2019

The reaction of 1,2-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzene (N-N) with zinc and cadmium halides and perchlorates in teof–ethanol/acetone/thf yielded white/cream/pale pink complexes of the formulae MX2(N-N) [M = Zn, X = Cl, Br or I; M = Cd, X = Br or I), [(CdCl2)1.5(μ-N-N)]2, [Zn(OClO3)(μ-N-N)1.5]2(ClO4)2 and [Cd(OClO3)(μ-N-N)2]ClO4.H2O. The complexes have been characterized based on elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, FAB–mass spectral studies and thermal analysis. Probable structures have been proposed.
Numerical Methods for Mathematical Models of Heterogeneous Catalytic Fixed Bed Chemical Reactors
Authors: Devika P. D. , Dinesh P. A. , Padmavathi G. , Prasad Rama Krishna
Published: June 2019

Mathematical modeling of chemical reactors is of immense interest and of enormous use in the chemical industries. The detailed modeling of heterogeneous catalytic systems is challenging because of the unknown nature of new catalytic material and also the transient behavior of such catalytic systems. The solution of mathematical models can be used to understand the interested physical systems. In addition, the solution can also be used to predict the unknown values which would have been otherwise obtained by conducting the actual experiments. Such solutions of the mathematical models involving ordinary/partial, linear/non-linear, differential/algebraic equations can be determined by using suitable analytical or numerical methods. The present work involves the development of mathematical methods and models to increase the understanding between the model parameters and also to decrease the number of laboratory experiments. In view of this, a detailed modeling of heterogeneous catalytic chemical reactor systems has been considered for the present study.
Effect of Non-Uniform Temperature Gradient on the Onset of Rayleigh–Bénard–Magnetoconvection in Micropolar Fluid with Maxwell–Cattaneo Law
Authors: Pranesh S , Kiran R V
Published: June 2019

The effect of non-uniform temperature gradient on the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard magnetoconvection in a Micropolar fluid with Maxwell-Cattaneo law is studied using the Galerkin technique. The eigenvalue is obtained for free-free, rigid-free and rigid-rigid velocity boundary combinations with isothermal condition on the spin-vanishing boundaries. A linear stability analysis is performed. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analyzed. One linear and five non-linear temperature profiles are considered and their comparative influence on onset of convection is discussed. The classical approach predicts an infinite speed for the propagation of heat. The present non-classical theory involves a wave type heat transport (Second Sound) and does not suffer from the physically unacceptable drawback of infinite heat propagation speed.
Dispersion in a Non-Linear Non-Darcy Flow of a Variable Viscosity Liquid
Authors: Jagadeesh Kumar M S , Siddheshwar P G , Singh G Suresh
Published: June 2019

An infinite horizontally extended sparcely packed chemically inert porous channel flow of a Newtonian liquid is considered. The walls of the channels are assumed to be at different temperatures so that the viscosity of the fluid varies across the channel. A dimensionless variable viscosity coefficient is introduced in the Darcy–Forchheimer- Brinkman model, along with the Darcy number, Forchheimer number and the Brinkman number. A series solution is obtained for the Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman equation using the differential transform method (DTM). Using this solution for the fully developed flow velocity and the convective diffusion equation, the influence of the variable viscosity coefficient and the Darcy, Brinkman and Forchheimer numbers on the all-time valid dispersion coefficient is analyzed. An increase the variable viscosity parameter is to increase the dispersion coefficient while an increase in all the other parameters will decrease the dispersion coefficient. The Light hill, Taylor-Aris and Taylor dispersion coefficients are obtained as the limiting cases of the generalized dispersion coefficient.
Sum Labeling for Some Star and Cycle Related Special Graphs
Authors: Rozario J Gerard , Arockiaraj J Jon
Published: June 2019

A sum labeling is a mapping from the vertices of G into the positive integers such that, for any two vertices u, v V (G) with labels (u) and (v), respectively, (uv) is an edge iff (u) + (v) is the label of another vertex in V (G). Any graph supporting such a labeling is called a sum graph. It is necessary to add (as a disjoint union) a component to sum label a graph. This disconnected component is a set of isolated vertices known as isolates and the labeling scheme that requires the fewest isolates is termed optimal. The number of isolates required for a graph to support a sum labeling is known as the sum number of the graph. In this paper, we will obtain optimal sum labeling scheme for some star and cycle related special graphs.
Fe Substituted SrTiO3 as Visible Light Active Photosensitive Material for Solar-Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Radhika T , Keerthi K
Published: June 2019

Perovskite SrTiO3 and Fe Substituted SrTiO3 were prepared by solid-state reaction route as visible light active photosensitive materials for solar-hydrogen generation applications. Powder X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of crystalline perovskite SrTiO3 phase at sintering temperature of 1273 K. The pattern of Fe substituted SrTiO3 exhibits number of peaks with splits and less crystalline indicating a lower symmetry structure upon substation at Sr and Ti sites. Crystallinity and crystallite size also finds decrease with increased Fe substitution. The band gap of SrTiO3 obtained by DR UV-Vis absorbance analysis at various sintering temperature approaches the theoretical value 3.06 eV. However, on Fe substitution the band gap is reduced to ~ 2.0-2.5 eV suggesting the materials can extend its absorption to the visible range also. FT-IR spectra confirmed that the Fe substituted SrTiO3 is similar to that of pure phase with bands corresponding to the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Since the substituted materials show reduced band gap, these materials can be utilized for photosensitive solar-hydrogen generation.
Presence of Phytol, a Precursor of Vitamin E in Chaetomorpha Antinnina
Authors: Byju K , Vasundhara G , Anuradha V , Nair S M , Kumar N C
Published: June 2019

Phytol, a precursor of vitamin E was identified from green algae Chaetomorpha antinnina collected from Chullickal, Kochi Kerala coast, using GC-MS. Phytol is an acyclic diterpene alcohol that can be used as a precursor for the manufacture of synthetic forms of vitamin E and vitamin K1. The compound 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol also known as phytol  which exist  naturally only in single isomeric form having molecular formula C20H40O and molecular mass 296. From the total ion chromatogram more than twenty peaks were observed, the mass spectrum of the peak at Rt 21.53 was resolved and the major fragmentations were noted. Major fragmentation were m/z 71 the base peak, m/z 296 the molecular ion peak, m/z 43, m/z 57, m/z 81, m/z 95, and m/z 123. It was found that there are some other compounds apart from this identified phytol which are more complicated in structure and cannot be characterised using GC-MS. Phytol is reported to have both antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The green algae Chaetomorpha antinnina can be proposed to be a good natural source for production of phytol.
A Study on Wiener Polynomial for Steiner n - distance of some graphs
Authors: Arockiaraj PS Mary U
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the Wiener polynomial
Diversity and Bioprospecting Potential of Bacteria Isolated from the Arctic: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sabu Thomas Wilson P Abraham
Published: June 2019

Bioprospecting is a search for new or better bioproducts from biological sources preferably    from novel biodiversity. Molecules derived from natural products, particularly those produced by plants and microorganisms, have an excellent record of providing novel chemical structures for development as new pharmaceuticals. Bacteria living under stress are best sources for bioprospecting and also these organisms are least explored. This paper focuses on the bioprospecting and biotechnological potential of bacteria isolated from the Polar Regions. In this context, let us have a glance through the major cold adaptations of psychrophiles and their application potentials with special reference to psychrophilic enzymes. Our lab focus on identifying the biofilm inhibitors against bacterial pathogens and novel molecules of medical importance from bacteria and actinomycetes isolated from Arctic, the North Pole. We are also interested in profiling the diversity, multidrug resistance pattern   and the molecular mechanisms involved in bacteria isolated from the pristine environment.
Comparative Study of Shallow Solar Ponds with Different Depths
Authors: B Janarthanan K Shanmugasundaram
Published: June 2019

In this paper, an attempt has been made to design and construct the shallow solar ponds with different depths such as 0.06 m and 0.15 m at Coimbatore (11 ͦ - latitude and 77 ͦ - longitudes), Tamilnadu, and India. The experiments have been carried out during the period from January-March 2012. The energy balance equations have been written for different elements of the two shallow solar ponds such as upper glass cover, lower glass cover and pond water and solved analytically. The performance of the two shallow solar ponds has been compared and found that the maximum temperature of the pond water in different depths (0.06 m and 0.15 m) of shallow solar pond is found to be 57  C and 42  C.
Orbits of Minor Bodies of the Solar System in the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem
Authors: Mandyam N Anandaram Jeremy B Tatum
Published: June 2019

A brief introduction to the circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) is given where a third body of negligible mass moves under the combined gravitational- centrifugal potential of two co-rotating massive bodies restricted to circular orbits. The equipotential contours of a variety of two body systems in the solar system are presented along with interesting orbits of Trojans, Hildas, Thule in the Sun-Jupiter system, the libration of Pluto in the Sun-Neptune system and choreographic orbits.
Flow of Conducting Fluid on solid Core Surrounded by Porous Cylindrical Region in Presence of Transverse Magnetic Field
Authors: Dinesh PA Jayalakshmamma D V
Published: June 2019

The steady flow of an electrically conducting, viscous and incompressible fluid flow through / past a solid core surrounded by cylindrical porous medium is considered in the presence of the transverse magnetic field. The modified Brinkman and Stokes equations are used to describe the fluid flow in porous and non-porous regions respectively. The exact solution is obtained in terms of modified Bessel’s function.    The matching boundary conditions are used at the interface of the two regions along with the no-slip condition on the surface of the solid core. Further, uniform velocity away from the fluid surface is considered. The effect of magnetic field and porous parameter on the fluid flow is presented for both porous and     non-porous regions. From the obtained result it is noticed that increase in magnetic field strength, the flow is suppressed and fluid flow through porous region is observed.     Further, increase in porous
Synthesis and Spectral Aspects of Mixed Ligand Cadmium (II) Chelates of an ONS Donor Thiosemicarbazone
Authors: M R Prathapachandra Kurup Jinsa Mary Jacob
Published: June 2019

Cadmium(II) complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of cadmium(II) acetate with an ONS donor thiosemicarbazone and heterocyclic bases like 1,10- phenanthroline, 2,2’ -bipyridine as coligands. They were physico-chemically characterized by CHNS analyses, conductivity measurements, infrared and electronic spectral studies.
Analysis of Short and Long Wave Radiation over Bengaluru
Authors: M Akshay KamsaliNagaraja
Published: June 2019

The surface radiative energy remains the primary component of the energy balance of the earth atmosphere system and is a central determinant of the earth‟s climate. Energy is exchanged between the surface and the air radiatively at visible and infrared wavelengths through conduction, convection or latently. This energy at the surface of earth is important to many inter-related research disciplines such as atmospheric sciences, hydrology, agrometeorology   and climatology. The incoming short wave radiation is a primary source for photosynthetic activity and the hydrological cycle. The availability of surface radiation is also important for architects and solar engineers. It gives an accurate estimate of the available solar energy resource. Energy exchange between land and atmosphere are important in climatic processes. In this paper, the diurnal and seasonal dynamics and variations of surface radiation components are investigated. One year data is used to emphasize the separate contribution of each radiation balance component. The analysis shows important results such as
Unique Metro Domination of a Ladder
Authors: Sherra John , Sooryanarayana Badekara
Published: June 2019

A dominating set $D$ of a graph $G$ which is also a resolving set of $G$ is called a metro dominating set. A metro dominating set $D$ of a graph $G(V,E)$ is a unique metro dominating set (in short an UMD-set) if $|N(v) \cap D| = 1$ for each vertex $v\in V-D$ and the minimum cardinality of an UMD-set of $G$ is the unique metro domination number of $G$. In this paper, we determine unique metro domination number of $P_n\times P_2$.
Callus Induction and Plantlet Regeneration From Centalla Asiatica Linn
Authors: A. Indumathy , P. Mahalakshmi , Bojan C. R.
Published: June 2019

Efficient plant regeneration could be obtained from the derooted nodal segments of Centella asiatica with stole buds as the explant, when cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (10 ppm)+NAA(2ppm). Both callus and regeneration occurred simultaneously on the same medium. Profuse rooting were obtain on MS medium fortified with NAA (2ppm) from leaf explants. Shoot and root proliferation were observed on the medium supplemented with BAP(5 ppm)and NAA (2 ppm) through subculture. Mass propagation of plantlets were obtained through invitro culture.
Studies on the Effect of Biofertilizers on the Germination of Acacia Nilotica Linn seeds
Authors: Kumudha P.
Published: June 2019

Forests protect and enrich the soil mantle by reducirQ soil erosion and nutrient loss and by facilitating nutrient recycling and microbiological activities. They act as 'sink' for atmospheric C02 a nd release large arnounts of 02. Forests also sere as c unique storehouse of plant and animal genetic resources and contribute significantly the biological diversity Of the country which inturn serves as an insurance against food crisis and as an asurance for health care. The forest Of India occupy about 22% of geographical area and recent aerial survey has indicated that only about is under funcfi0nalf0rest area.
Methods to Identify Star Clusters in The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC)
Authors: Nayak Prasantha K , Subramaniam Annapurni
Published: June 2019

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) hosts a few thousand star clusters which are ideal tools to study stellar evolution, star formation history, cluster formation and dissolution processes in the galaxy. Although many surveys (like IRSF, OGLE II etc) of the LMC have been carried out, a large fraction of clusters, mainly poor ones are yet to be identified. Also, the parameters of already identified clusters are not well studied. In this context, we have  tried to explore that among the available and upcoming surveys which survey (optical/NIR) can be used to efficiently detect and study the clusters in the LMC. We have found that the available OGLE-III optical data is ideal for this purpose, but only for young clusters, whereas Deeper optical data from DECAM survey, OGLE-IV and skymapper are ideal to study poor and old clusters. We have also found that one can combine  the ongoing VISTA data with upcoming optical data (OGLE IV) and estimate the cluster parameters more accurately.
Textile Application in Technical Fields
Authors: Bai S. Kauvery
Published: June 2019

Textile is generally referred as spinning and weaving and the layman does not hove idea of textiles in transportation, filtration, protective clothing, military application a nd in the medical field. The use cf textiles for clothing was to mankind from primitive age and was extended to household and domestic applications with progressive civilization. Amit Dayal 1999) states that the technological advancement of textile science has Seen tc such cn extent that no area seem fo be untouched by textiles. David Rigby (1997) defined Technicol textik materials products manufactured primarily for their technical performance and functional properties rather thon their aesthetic or decorative characteristics.
Protein Splicing
Authors: Gowda N.D. Deve
Published: June 2019

Protein splicing is defined os the excision Of an interæning sequence tnfein) from a protein precursor and the concomitant ligation the flanking protein fragments (extein) to form c mature host protein (extein) the free intein (Perler 1994). Iniem•mediated protein splicing results in a native bond between the ligated extens (Cooper 1993). Extein ligation differentiates protein splicing from other forms Of autoproteolysis and conserved intein motifs differentiate inteins from Other types of in-frame sequences present in one homolog and absent in another homolog.
Maran's theorem (New theorem) on Right-angled triangle
Authors: Maran A. K.
Published: June 2019

In Geometric, right-angled triangle is One Of the two—dimensional plane having three sides With one Of its angle is 9C and whk-h is important to solve problems related to Geometry and sometimes in Other subiect os well. Some fundamental concept 'theorems Of triangles are required to solve such problems and such theorems cre Pythagoras theorern' Pythagoras theorern (ii0 Appollonius theorem Euclids theorem' and (v) Eucli&s 20 theorem (Altitude theorem).3 I n addition to these, the author attempted to develop a new theorem related to right-angled triangle (Maran's theorem of right-angled triangle). The new theorem have been discussed and proved With relevant examples.
Hyper Complex Numbers
Authors: Devi B. Gayathri
Published: June 2019

Hyper complex numbers were brought to Our attention by Clyde Davenport, author of "A hyper complex calculus with cpplicction to re;ativity • , ISBN 0-9623837 We I start the introduction to hyper complex numbers by giving different types Of definition given by different mathematician as EllOws: The hyper complex numbers are generalization Of the complex numbers. Higher dimensional numbers are complex numbers, even though they do not shore all the properties Of complex numbers and classical
Challenges and Strategies that Enkindle Interest in Basic Sciences
Authors: Pinto Noeline J. , S. Roopa
Published: June 2019

The time has dawned for the revival Of Basic Sciences. The New Education Policy hos recognized the importance Of 'teaching' in Higher Education a new cwt'ook on training, assessment and professionalism. The same trend runs through the highlights Of UNESCO (1996) and ministry of HRD (2000).