bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine Position Paper on Patient Sleep During Hospitalization
Authors: Hillman David R. , Carlucci Melissa , Charchaflieh Jean G. , Cloward Tom V. , Gali Bhargavi , Gay Peter C. , Lyons M. Melanie , McNeill Margaret M. , Singh Mandeep , Yilmaz Meltem , Auckley Dennis H.
Published: February 2023

This article addresses the issue of patient sleep during hospitalization, which the Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine believes merits wider consideration by health authorities than it has received to date. Adequate sleep is fundamental to health and well-being, and insufficiencies in its duration, quality, or timing have adverse effects that are acutely evident. These include cardiovascular dysfunction, impaired ventilatory function, cognitive impairment, increased pain perception, psychomotor disturbance (including increased fall risk), psychological disturbance (including anxiety and depression), metabolic dysfunction (including increased insulin resistance and catabolic propensity), and immune dysfunction and proinflammatory effects (increasing infection risk and pain generation). All these changes negatively impact health status and are counterproductive to recovery from illness and operation. Hospitalization challenges sleep in a variety of ways. These challenges include environmental factors such as noise, bright light, and overnight awakenings for observations, interventions, and transfers; physiological factors such as pain, dyspnea, bowel or urinary dysfunction, or discomfort from therapeutic devices; psychological factors such as stress and anxiety; care-related factors including medications or medication withdrawal; and preexisting sleep disorders that may not be recognized or adequately managed. Many of these challenges appear readily addressable. The key to doing so is to give sleep greater priority, with attention directed at ensuring that patients’ sleep needs are recognized and met, both within the hospital and beyond. Requirements include staff education, creation of protocols to enhance the prospect of sleep needs being addressed, and improvement in hospital design to mitigate environmental disturbances. Hospitals and health care providers have a duty to provide, to the greatest extent possible, appropriate preconditions for healing. Accumulating evidence suggests that these preconditions include adequate patient sleep duration and quality. The Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine calls for systematic changes in the approach of hospital leadership and staff to this issue. Measures required include incorporation of optimization of patient sleep into the objectives of perioperative and general patient care guidelines. These steps should be complemented by further research into the impact of hospitalization on sleep, the effects of poor sleep on health outcomes after hospitalization, and assessment of interventions to improve it.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Angiography Versus Catheter Angiography for Annual Follow-up of Pediatric Moyamoya Patients: A Cost Outcomes Analysis
Authors: Northam Weston T. , Slingerland Anna L. , Orbach Darren B. , Smith Edward R.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) assesses revascularization in pediatric moyamoya patients after surgery, but MRI and angiography (MRI/A) may provide comparable data.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate DSA and MRI/A with respect to clinical utility in postoperative follow-up, complication profile, and relative cost at 1 year.

METHODS:

All pediatric moyamoya patients who received bilateral indirect revascularization between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed at 1 institution. Patients who underwent MRI/A-only, DSA-only, or both after 1 year were compared.

RESULTS:

Eighty-two patients were included. At 1 year, patients who underwent either MRI/A (n = 29) or DSA (n = 40) had no significant differences in detection rate of new at-risk hypovascular territories (6.9% vs 2.5%, P = .568) or need for subsequent revascularization beyond the mean 40 ± 24-month follow-up period (3.4% vs 5.0%, P > .9). Among patients who underwent both MRI/A and DSA (n = 13), both studies identified the same at-risk territories. No patients experienced MRI/A-related complications, compared with 3 minor DSA-related complications. The use of MRI/A yielded a 6.5-fold reduction in cost per study vs DSA at 1 year.

CONCLUSION:

Using DSA to follow moyamoya patients after indirect revascularization is generally safe but associated with a low rate of minor complications and a 6.5-fold greater financial cost relative to MRI/A. These data support changing practice to eliminate the use of DSA when following routine bilateral moyamoya cases in the absence of clinical symptoms or specific concerns. Using MRI/A as the primary postoperative follow-up modality in this select population provides noninferior care and greater patient access, while reducing cost and potentially decreasing risk.
Endoscopic Approaches to the Paramedian Skull Base: An Anatomic Comparison of Contralateral Endonasal and Transmaxillary Strategies
Authors: Yanez-Siller Juan C. , Noiphithak Raywat , Porto Edoardo , Beer-Furlan Andre L. , Revuelta Barbero Juan M. , Martinez-Perez Rafael , Howe Edmund , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The expanded endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is limited laterally by the internal carotid artery (ICA). The EEA to the paramedian skull base often requires complex maneuvers such as dissection of the Eustachian tube (ET) and foramen lacerum (FL), and ICA manipulation. An endoscopic contralateral transmaxillary approach (CTMA) has the potential to provide adequate exposure of the paramedian skull base while bypassing manipulation of the aforementioned anatomic structures.

OBJECTIVE:

To quantify and compare the surgical nuances of a CTMA and a contralateral EEA when approaching the paramedian skull base in cadaveric specimens.

METHODS:

Five adult cadaveric heads were dissected bilaterally (10 sides) using a contralateral EEA and a CTMA to expose targets of interest at the paramedian skull base. For each target in both approaches, the surgical freedom, angle of attack, the corridor's “perspective angle,” and “turning angle” to circumvent the ICA, ET, and FL were obtained.

RESULTS:

The CTMA achieved superior surgical freedom at all targets (P < .05) except at the root entry point of cranial nerve XII. The CTMA provided superior vertical and horizontal angles of “attack” to the majority of targets of interest. Except when approaching the root entry point of cranial nerve XII, the CTMA “turning angle” around the ICA, ET, and FL were wider with CTMA for all targets.

CONCLUSION:

A CTMA complements the EEA to access the paramedian skull base. A CTMA may limit the need for complex maneuvers such as ICA mobilization and dissection of the ET and FL when approaching the paramedian skull base.
LRRK1 functions as a scaffold for PTP1B-mediated EGFR sorting into ILVs at the ER–endosome contact site
Authors: Hanafusa Hiroshi , Fujita Keitaro , Kamio Misa , Iida Shiori , Tamura Yasushi , Hisamoto Naoki , Matsumoto Kunihiro
Published: February 2023

Proper control of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is important for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Given that EGFR signaling occurs at the plasma membrane and endosomes following internalization, endosomal trafficking of EGFR spatiotemporally regulates EGFR signaling. In this process, leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) has multiple roles in kinase activity-dependent transport of EGFR-containing endosomes and kinase-independent sorting of EGFR into the intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) of multivesicular bodies. Active, phosphorylated EGFR inactivates the LRRK1 kinase activity by phosphorylating Y944. In this study, we demonstrate that LRRK1 facilitates EGFR dephosphorylation by PTP1B (also known as PTPN1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein tyrosine phosphatase, at the ER–endosome contact site, after which EGFR is sorted into the ILVs of endosomes. LRRK1 is required for the PTP1B–EGFR interaction in response to EGF stimulation, resulting in the downregulation of EGFR signaling. Furthermore, PTP1B activates LRRK1 by dephosphorylating pY944 on the contact site, which promotes the transport of EGFR-containing endosomes to the perinuclear region. These findings provide evidence that the ER–endosome contact site functions as a hub for LRRK1-dependent signaling that regulates EGFR trafficking.
Oleg Itskhoki: 2022 John Bates Clark Medalist
Authors: Atkeson Andrew , Gopinath Gita
Published: February 2023

The 2022 John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association was awarded to Oleg Itskhoki, Professor of Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles for his path breaking contributions in international economics. This article summarizes Oleg Itskhoki’s work and places it in the context of the broader literature and emphasizes how it has shed new light on a number of long-standing puzzles regarding the behavior of exchange rates and international relative prices more generally and their connection to macroeconomic fluctuations and government’s choices of monetary and fiscal policies.
Economic Sanctions: Evolution, Consequences, and Challenges
Authors: Morgan T. Clifton , Syropoulos Constantinos , Yotov Yoto V.
Published: February 2023

Taking an interdisciplinary perspective, we examine the evolution of economic sanctions in the post-World War II era and reflect on the lessons that could be drawn from their features and patterns of use. We observe that, during this time, there has been a remarkable increase in the use of sanctions as an instrument of foreign policy. We classify this period into four ‘eras’ and discuss, in this context, how the evolution of sanctions may be linked to salient features of the contemporaneous international political and economic orders. Our review of the related literatures in economics and political science suggests, among other things, that our understanding of sanction processes could be significantly advanced by marrying these perspectives. We conclude by identifying several questions and challenges, and by discussing how interdisciplinary research could address them.
Proton linear energy transfer and variable relative biological effectiveness for adolescent patients with Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Rechner Laura Ann , Maraldo Maja V , Smith Edward AK , Lundgaard Anni Y. , Hjalgrim Lisa L. , MacKay Ranald I. , Aitkenhead Adam H. , Aznar Marianne C.
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

Proton therapy has a theoretical dosimetric advantage due to the Bragg peak, but the linear energy transfer (LET), and therefore the relative biological effectiveness (RBE), increase at the end of range. For patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, the distal edge of beam is often located within or close to the heart, where elevated RBE would be of potential concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of RBE and the choice of beam arrangement for adolescent patients with mediastinal Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods:

For three previously treated adolescent patients, proton plans with 1–3 fields were created to a prescribed dose of 19.8 Gy (RBE) in 11 fractions (Varian Eclipse v13.7), assuming an RBE of 1.1. Plans were recalculated using Monte-Carlo (Geant4 v10.3.3/Gate v8.1) to calculate dose-averaged LET. Variable RBE-weighted dose was calculated using the McNamara model, assuming an α/β ratio of 2 Gy for organs-at-risk.

Results:

Although the LET decreased as the number of fields increased, the difference in RBE-weighted dose (Δdose) to organs-at-risk did not consistently decrease. Δdose values varied by patient and organ and were mostly of the order of 0–3 Gy (RBE), with a worst-case of 4.75 Gy (RBE) in near-maximum dose to the left atrium for one plan.

Conclusions:

RBE-weighted doses to organs-at-risk are sensitive to the choice of RBE model, which is of particular concern for the heart.

Advances in knowledge:

There is a need to remain cautious when evaluating proton plans for Hodgkin lymphoma, especially when near-maximum doses to organs-at-risk are considered.
The Mediterranean tree Acer monspessulanum invades urban greenspaces in Berlin
Authors: Kowarik Ingo
Published: February 2023

Because biological invasions by some introduced tree species pose a major threat to biodiversity, early detection of invasion risks is important for managing existing and future plantings and mitigating negative impacts of invasions. Acer monspessulanum is a European tree species with a large Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean range. Due to its high drought resistance, it is considered well adapted to climate change and a promising future tree for urban plantings. This study aimed to determine whether invasion risks are associated with plantings in cities outside the species’ natural range. Rare old plantings of A. monspessulanum in Berlin, Germany, were used as a model to investigate whether urban plantings can be invasion foci in cities with a temperate climate. For this purpose, the surroundings of cultivated trees were examined with regard to natural regeneration and the number and height of naturally regenerated individuals and their distance from the parent tree were determined. Acer monspessulanum started to spread 273 years after the first cultivation in Berlin. Each of the sampled four plantings had local spontaneous populations, mostly colonizing loose, semi-shaded anthropogenic hedges and forest patches. A total of 814 spontaneous individuals were detected, with a maximum height of 4.5 m. The maximum distance to the next parent tree was 106 m. However, most individuals grew below or close to the canopy of parent trees. The results indicate that increased planting of A. monspessulanum can induce invasion processes in cities beyond its native range. However, negative invasion impacts from urban plantings are not to be expected in cities with similar environmental conditions as Berlin. Therefore, the species is not considered invasive. Despite a decades-long spread period, the spontaneous populations were confined to the adjacency of propagule sources and the invaded urban greenspaces had a low conservation value. As a positive effect, natural regeneration of A. monspessulanum in such settings could increase the resilience of urban forest patches to climate change. However, further spread should be monitored and plantings near rocky sites with dry grasslands of conservation concern should be avoided.
Evolution of Accounting Practices for Regulating Estimated Values in Order to Integrate Financial and Non-Financial Reporting Indicators
Authors: Safonova Irina , Kartashov V.
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the potential of using accounting estimates in the financial statements of companies from the standpoint of the development of IFRS provisions and explanations to them, as well as the prospects for the development of reporting standards towards the integration of financial and non-financial indicators. As a result of the analysis of the provisions of IFRS for the use of accounting estimates, a set of standards was determined that regulates the practice of applying specific estimated values, while revealing the absence of separate accounting estimates that are significant for the formation of financial statements. Based on the content analysis of the standards, the most commonly used evaluation methods applied to the calculation of estimated values have been identified. Th e draft s of international standards related to non-financial reporting are analyzed, and the sectoral specificity of accounting estimates is noted. An example of the relationship between indicators of financial and non-financial reporting is shown and an approach for integrating these types of reporting is considered. The directions of further development of IFRS in terms of accounting estimates are determined. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of expanding the practice of using estimated values in order to develop financial accounting and audit and integrate financial and non-financial indicators.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES IN THE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES OF COMPANIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Panin V.
Published: February 2023

This article raises the issues of modernization of organizational management structures of companies in the context of organizational changes. The main stages of improvement, levels and forms of company structures under changing operating conditions are considered. The results of research in the field of organizational changes in the management structures of enterprises in the construction industry are summarized. The external and internal factors affecting the functioning of organizations are clarified. The analysis of the role of management levels in the modernization of the organizational structure is carried out. Attention is focused on the main tasks of diagnostics of the control system. The features of the management structure of companies in the construction industry are highlighted. Significant differences in the basic principles of the organization of production are identified.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION: A MODERN VIEW ON SELF-DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Laas N. , Romanova I. , Gurova E.
Published: February 2023

The current situation of «mass character» of higher education has led to the fact that a large number of graduates significantly exceeds market demands. And most often, the acquired competencies do not advise the requirements of the digital economy. Changes in the labor market affect education at all levels. The digitalization of all spheres of society does not bypass the education system. The requirements for skills and abilities are changing quite quickly, among which preference is given primarily to creative thinking, emotional intelligence, and programming. The emergence of new educational technologies has led to a rapid reduction in the time for mastering professional skills. Education is moving from an industrial model to a more flexible model based on  building a  career development trajectory. In  accordance with this, the main trends in  the education of  the future are identified. Undoubtedly, the digitalization process determines the technologies used for learning — digital platforms, virtual reality technologies, digital organization of the educational process. Thanks to modern technologies, it  has become possible for businesses to monitor the practical developments of  not only students, but also schoolchildren in real time, preparing personnel for their needs. The development of individual career development trajectories requires an individual approach to the learning process based on adaptive programs, taking into account cognitive abilities, basic education and motivation. Great importance is given to the analysis of the labor market and the determination of the most demanded professions in the short term based on the use of the Gartner curve. All this requires restructuring the educational process in accordance with modern trends and possible changes in the labor market.
MENTAL HEALTH IN THE WORKPLACE: A NEW LEVEL OF PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Authors: Konovalova Valeriya
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the prospects for maintaining and improving mental health in the workplace. Statistical data reflecting the state of mental health of the staff are summarized. The main risk factors for mental health at work and their consequences are identified. A system of indicators is proposed that take into account the current WHO recommendations in the field of protecting and promoting mental health in the workplace and can be used to identify, analyze and justify the promotion of psychologically healthy practices in the workplace and include an assessment of the organizational culture that supports the mental health of employees, the availability of services and resources in the field of mental health, the use of stress management techniques, the state of mental health education of managers and employees that takes into account the needs of a diverse workforce, policies and practices to prevent sexual harassment, discrimination, workplace violence and bullying/ignorance, the existence of infrastructure that supports healthy behavior, management of workers and work-related factors that may affect mental health, etc. Conclusions about the need for an effective mental health strategy are substantiated, which should include both mental health promotion and policies and practices that promote a healthy work environment; reducing stigma to improve employee engagement and help create a supportive workplace culture.
YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Belova O.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the problems associated with changing the process of youth employment in connection with digitalization. Against the background of the characteristics of the modern youth labor market, a comparative analysis of the features of employment in the 20th and 21st centuries is given, among which the need to change in the 21st in the model of human behavior in the labor market in the digital economy, which requires invariance of behavior and independence in decision-making, the study of prospects is of particular importance. emerging in the economy and the development of an individual educational trajectory, constant self-development and self-learning, readiness to change the type of activity, based on their needs and capabilities. It is shown that the need to change behavior patterns is associated with changes in the conditions in which the modern labor market functions, among which the most important place is occupied by digitalization and globalization of the media, a variety of forms of employment, remote and hybrid forms of work organization, an increase in geographical diversity, expansion of opportunities for people with disabilities, reducing the regulation of activities.
Problem wydatków sztywnych w budżecie państwa oraz zmieniającym się środowisku polskich finansów publicznych
Authors: Ostrowski Michał
Published: February 2023

W artykule wskazano problem państwowych wydatków sztywnych. Na wstępie przytoczone i przeanalizowane zostały doktrynalne definicje wydatków sztywnych. Na tej podstawie opracowano katalog wydatków sztywnych, którego elementy później zostały zaklasyfikowane do odpowiednich grup wydatkowych. W dalszej części pracy przytoczone są metody „uelastyczniania wydatków sztywnych” w zależności od ich źródła. Następnie problem nadmiernego wzrostu wydatków sztywnych zestawiony zostaje z postępującą w ostatnich latach marginalizacją budżetu państwa. Na podstawie obecnych procesów zachodzących w polityce fiskalnej wskazano na konieczność rozpatrywania opisywanego problemu w szerszym obszarze niż budżet państwa.
A New Exact Algorithm for Single-Commodity Vehicle Routing with Split Pickups and Deliveries
Authors: Li Jiliu , Luo Zhixing , Baldacci Roberto , Qin Hu , Xu Zhou
Published: February 2023

We present a new exact algorithm to solve a challenging vehicle routing problem with split pickups and deliveries, named as the single-commodity split-pickup and split-delivery vehicle routing problem (SPDVRP). In the SPDVRP, any amount of a product collected from a pickup customer can be supplied to any delivery customer, and the demand of each customer can be collected or delivered multiple times by the same or different vehicles. The vehicle fleet is homogeneous with limited capacity and maximum route duration. This problem arises regularly in inventory and routing rebalancing applications, such as in bike-sharing systems, where bikes must be rebalanced over time such that the appropriate number of bikes and open docks are available to users. The solution of the SPDVRP requires determining the number of visits to each customer, the relevant portions of the demands to be collected from or delivered to the customers, and the routing of the vehicles. These three decisions are intertwined, contributing to the hardness of the problem. Our new exact algorithm for the SPDVRP is a branch-price-and-cut algorithm based on a pattern-based mathematical formulation. The SPDVRP relies on a novel label-setting algorithm used to solve the pricing problem associated with the pattern-based formulation, where the label components embed reduced cost functions, unlike those classical components that embed delivered or collected quantities, thus significantly reducing the dimension of the corresponding state space. Extensive computational results on different classes of benchmark instances illustrate that the newly proposed exact algorithm solves several open SPDVRP instances and significantly improves the running times of state-of-the-art algorithms.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design and Analysis of Algorithms–Discrete.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72222011, 71971090, 71821001, 72171112], by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST [Grant 2019QNRC001], and by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR, China [Grant 15221619].

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1249 .
Managing Outpatient Service with Strategic Walk-ins
Authors: Liu Nan , van Jaarsveld Willem , Wang Shan , Xiao Guanlian
Published: February 2023

Outpatient care providers usually allow patients to access service via scheduling appointments or direct walk-in. Patients choose strategically between these two access channels (and otherwise balking) based on the trade-off of appointment delay and in-clinic waiting. How to manage outpatient care with such dual access channels, taking into account patient strategic choice behavior, is a challenge faced by providers. We study three operational levers to address this management challenge: service capacity allocation between these two channels, appointment delay information revelation via the choice and design of online scheduling systems, and a walk-in triage system that restricts the use of walk-in hours only for acute care. By studying a stylized queueing model, we find that neither a real-time online scheduling system (which offers instant access to appointment delay information at time of booking) nor an asynchronous online system (which does not directly provide delay information) can be universally more efficient. Although real-time systems appear more popular in practice, asynchronous systems sometimes can result in higher operational efficiency. Under the provider’s optimal capacity allocation, which scheduling system is more efficient hinges on two key factors: the patient demand–provider capacity relationship and patient willingness to wait. For the walk-in triage system, we find that it may or may not be beneficial to adopt; the provider’s own cost trade-off between lost demand and overtime work is the key determinant. Our research highlights that there is no one-size-fits-all model for outpatient care management, and the best use of operational levers critically depends on the practice environment.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Funding: S. Wang’s work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72001220 and 71931008].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4676 .
Online Learning for Vocational Education: Uncovering Emerging Themes on Perceptions and Experiences
Authors: Roslin Amirah Rasyidah , Rahmatullah Bahbibi , Zain Nor Zuhaidah Mohamed , Purnama Sigit , Yas Qahtan M.
Published: February 2023

The worldwide spread of the COVID19 pandemic has shifted the teaching of theory and practical sessions in all schools, including in the field of vocational education, to online learning. Theoretical and practical learning in vocational education become more flexible and is not confined to physical space.  A systematic literature review of selected research articles was conducted using Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines based on important keywords of online learning in vocational education. Initially, the research identified 89 articles from Scopus databases by using a specific keywords search. After the screening phase, ten articles were finalized to meet the criteria for review and discussion in this paper. The thematic analysis conducted reveals several exciting topics discussed in this paper; students' experiences, teaching and learning performances, and the teacher and students' perception of online learning for vocational education. The study implies the cruciality of understanding the role of teachers and students in vocational education so online learning can be optimized and conducted efficiently.
Clinical benefits of small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix and review of the evidence
Authors: Jeffery Steven
Published: February 2023

There is a clear scientific rationale for using cellular, acellular and matrix-like products (CAMPs), such as small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM), in hard-to-heal wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), venous leg ulcers (VLUs), pressure ulcers and arterial leg ulcers. The clinical evidence supporting the use of SIS-ECM has grown over the past several decades. This evidence base now encompasses a wide range of hard-to-heal wound indications, including DFUs and VLUs, as well as increasingly complex acute wound indications, such as delayed postoperative wounds, traumatic wounds and burns. The aim of this article is to review the steadily amassed body of evidence that describes the clinical outcomes associated with treatment with SIS-ECM and its potential implications for the overall costs of treatment.
Las reglas de escritura del prototipo ficcional
Authors: Amores Fúster Miguel
Published: February 2023

Aquí proponemos una nueva perspectiva respecto a la diferencia entre la ficción literaria y la no ficción: la naturaleza muy diferente de las reglas de escritura que admiten. Aunque con algunas limitaciones, las narraciones de no ficción admiten reglas de escritura más o menos rígidas porque están obligadas a mantener un cierto esquema de correspondencia con el mundo real. Sin embargo, las narraciones literarias ficcionales, liberadas de cualquier correspondencia estricta o sistemática con la realidad, no admiten estas reglas fijas. Dado que en la ficción no es posible tener tal esquema de correspondencia texto-palabra, defendemos que las únicas reglas (o más bien, las únicas pautas) que admiten las narraciones literarias ficcionales son aquellas que afectan a la creación misma del texto, es decir, las que inciden en la actitud subjetiva del escritor.
Des-madre: melancolía del lenguaje en Trilce
Authors: De Miquel Juan
Published: February 2023

Este artículo propone una interpretación del problema del lenguaje en Trilce, de César Vallejo, a partir del concepto de «melancolía» tal y como ha sido desarrollado por Kristeva. En concreto, entendiendo la «ausencia» como requisito de la operación semiótica occidental, trataremos de mostrar en qué sentido el duelo por la pérdida de la «madre» (o lo que Kristeva llamaría la «Cosa») es, en tanto que tema poético (es decir, no como duelo del «autor», sino del texto), indesligable de la crisis del lenguaje trílcica. En el mismo sentido, recurriremos a la noción agambeniana de «infancia» para ahondar en el conflicto mediante el cual la voz trílcica renuncia, en su luto, a constituirse como sujeto del discurso, aunque sin entregarse por ello a la experiencia muda.
Ojos impertinentes. La construcción de una mirada doble en El trabajo de los ojos de Mercedes Halfon (2017) y El nervio óptico (2014) de María Gainza
Authors: Ayram Carlos
Published: February 2023

Este artículo analiza las novelas argentinas recientes El trabajo de los ojos de Mercedes Halfon y El nervio óptico de María Gainza desde la perspectiva de los estudios de la discapacidad, con el objetivo de indagar cómo los usos metafóricos y materiales de los ojos impertinentes de las protagonistas dan cuenta de la construcción de una mirada doble, parcial y situada en la que a la par que se describen objetos artísticos y se consultan archivos médicos, se altera el régimen escópico ocularcéntrico —propio de nuestra era— a través del estrabismo y la diplopía. Sostengo que las narradoras —atravesadas por marcadores de clase y de género— escriben desde sus condiciones oculares con el propósito de revisitar la historia occidental del arte para entrecruzarla con la propia vida y, por otro, examinar y tensionar el archivo de la oftalmología que ha dejado al margen las miradas estrábicas de las mujeres.
Economías simbólicas del costumbrismo español: pintoresquismo y tipos del «hablador/observador»
Authors: Fernández Cano Jesús
Published: February 2023

Este artículo pretende problematizar con las nociones que la crítica ha entendido como centrales en el estudio del costumbrismo, a saber: si su origen se remonta o no al s. XVIII, si es un movimiento eminentemente conservador y si guarda una relación de tipo historicista con movimientos posteriores como el realismo. Desde una perspectiva marxista se defenderá que el costumbrismo responde a la emergencia de una clase media subsumida en los entramados ideológicos barrocos; y, por ende, incapaz de emanciparse de las prefiguraciones aristocráticas que tienen lugar en las formaciones sociales españolas durante el s. XIX. Analizando la obra de Larra y Mesonero Romanos se observará como los elementos ideológicos del Antiguo Régimen se filtran en las nuevas perspectivas pequeñoburguesas dando lugar a esta manifestación «típica» costumbrista; no solo de forma diacrónica sino sincrónica, es decir, no como evolución teleológica del estilo y el «espíritu» españoles sino como resultado de las contradicciones entre y dentro las distintas instancias que forman el todo social. Los retratos y los artículos de costumbres serán analizados como síntomas de un programa ideológico que requiere renovarse ante la modernización creciente de las estructuras que la sostienen, pero que, sin embargo, es incapaz de escapar de las raíces oraginicistas que la forman. Se argumentará, por lo tanto, que las estructuras sociales, económicas y políticas de la España decimonónica producen esta formulación estética concreta que es el costumbrismo.
Capacidades y dificultades del alumnado con TEA del municipio de Vinhais
Authors: Gomes Fontoura Carlos
Published: February 2023

El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) se incluye en el gran grupo de los Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo y se caracteriza por déficits persistentes en la interacción y la comunicación sociales recíproca, y por patrones comportamentales, intereses o actividades restrictivos y repetitivos. Los individuos con este diagnóstico enfrentan cotidianamente dificultades de integración social y en su desempeño académico, debido a los problemas conductuales y dificultades socioemocionales manifestadas. Hoy se sabe que dichas dificultades tienen una base neurobiológica, ancorada en alteraciones anatómicas y funcionales en determinadas conexiones y áreas cerebrales. Así, teniendo en consideración los aportes desde la neuroeducación, se aplicó el SDQ-Por al alumnado con TEA de una escuela portuguesa para determinar sus dificultades y capacidades. Los resultados indican, principalmente, dificultades en el componente emocional, la hiperactividad, y los problemas con los pares. Con el intuito de superar estas dificultades, se diseñó un programa de intervención basado en la promoción de competencias socioemocionales. La intervención basada en la neurociencia proporciona, así, un medio innovador para mejorar la educación de las personas con TEA, además, la validación del programa por expertos evidencia la valía de incluir estos programas en los currículos escolares del alumnado diagnosticado con TEA.
Optical access solutions in support of 5G and beyond [Invited]
Authors: Chanclou Philippe , Simon Gaël , Saliou Fabienne , Wang Minqi , Bolloré André
Published: February 2023

This European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC) extended invited paper reviews existing and coming optical access architectures and technologies for 5G and beyond mobile communication networks such as x-haul transport with a focus on resilience and low latency capabilities.
Liquid crystal on silicon-based real time phase stepping interferometry by spatial multiplexing
Authors: Pears Stefano Quimey , Vergara Martin , Iemmi Claudio
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we present a method to perform phase-shifting interferometry in real time. The technique is based on the use of a parallel aligned liquid crystal on a silicon display as a customized reference mirror. In order to implement the four-step algorithm, a set of macropixels is programmed onto the display, and these are divided into four zones with the appropriate phase shifts. This way, by spatial multiplexing, it is possible to obtain the phase of the wavefront at a rate limited only by the integration time of the employed detector. The customized mirror is able to both compensate the initial curvature of the object under study and introduce the necessary phase shifts to perform phase calculation. Examples of the phase reconstruction of static and dynamic objects are shown.
Polarization state evolution of a twisted vector optical field in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium
Authors: Liu Caixia , Li Yuhua , Wu Fengmin , Chen Rui-Pin
Published: February 2023

The evolution of the state of polarization (SoP) in a twisted vector optical field (TVOF) with an astigmatic phase in a strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium (SNNM) is investigated. The effect of an astigmatic phase on the propagation dynamics of the twisted scalar optical field (TSOF) and TVOF during propagation in the SNNM leads to reciprocally periodical evolutions of stretch and shrink, accompanied by the reciprocal transformation of the beam shape between an initial circle shape and threadiness distribution. The TSOF and TVOF rotate along the propagation axis if the beams are anisotropic. In particular, the reciprocal conversions between the linear and circular polarizations occur in the TVOF during propagation, which are strongly related to the initial powers, twisting strength coefficients, and initial beam reshapes. The numerical results confirm the analytical predictions by the moment method for the dynamics of the TSOF and TVOF during propagation in a SNNM. The underlying physics for the polarization evolution of a TVOF in a SNNM are discussed in detail.
Performance evaluation of a simplified power-domain NOMA for visible light communications
Authors: Silva Jair A. Lima , Pizzaia João P. Lebarck , Costa Wesley da Silva , Camporez Higor A. Fim , Pontes Maria J. , Rocha Helder R. de Oliveira , Segatto Marcelo E. Vieira
Published: February 2023

The performance of a visible light communication (VLC) system based on power-domain nonorthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) is experimentally evaluated in this paper. The simplicity of the adopted nonorthogonal scheme is provided by the fixed power allocation method at the transmitter and the single one-tap equalization executed before the successive interference cancellation at the receiver. The experimental results proved the successful transmission of the PD-NOMA scheme with three users in VLC links of up to 2.5 m, after a proper choice of the optical modulation index. All users achieved error vector magnitude (EVM) performances below forward error correction limits in all evaluated transmission distances. At 2.5 m, the user with the best performance reaches an EVM=2.3%.
Influence of structural disorder on plasmonic metasurfaces and their colors—a coupled point dipole approach: tutorial
Authors: Herkert Ediz , Sterl Florian , Both Steffen , Tikhodeev Sergei G. , Weiss Thomas , Giessen Harald
Published: February 2023

The optical properties of plasmonic metasurfaces are determined not only by the shape and size of the constituting nanostructures, but also by their spatial arrangement. The fast progress in nanofabrication has facilitated the emergence of many advanced metasurface designs that enable controlling the propagation of light on the nanoscale. While simple metasurface designs can be derived from theoretical considerations, it is inevitable to employ computational approaches for complex manipulations of incident light. However, most of the currently available full-wave simulation approaches such as the finite element method (FEM) or finite difference time domain method come with drawbacks that limit the applicability to certain usually simplified or less complex geometries. Within this tutorial, different approaches are outlined for modeling light propagation in complex metasurfaces. We focus on an approach that approximates the nanostructure ensemble as a coupled set of point dipoles and determine their far-field response via the reciprocity theorem. This coupled point dipole approximation (CPDA) model is used to examine randomly distributed, oriented, and scaled nanostructure ensembles. A disorder formalism to introduce the randomness is developed that allows one to progressively perturb periodic arrangements of identical nanostructures and thereby investigate the effects of disorder and correlation. Several disorder metrics are provided that allow one to quantify the disorder, and the relation with the far-field scattering properties is discussed. Spatially and angle resolved hyperspectral datasets are computed for various disordered metasurfaces to assess the capabilities of the CPDA model for different polarization states and incidence angles, among others. The hyperspectral datasets are converted into sRGB color space to deduce the appearances in the image and Fourier planes. Very good agreement of the simulation results with Mie theory, FEM results, and experiments is observed, and possible reasons for the present differences are discussed. The presented CPDA model establishes a highly efficient approach that provides the possibility to rapidly compute the hyperspectral scattering characteristics of metasurfaces with more than 10,000 structures with moderate computational resources, such as state-of-the-art desktop computers with sufficient memory; 16 GB allow for the simulations in this paper, whereas scaling to up to more memory by the factor of N2 allows for the simulation of N times more dipoles. For that reason, the CPDA is a suitable approach for tailoring the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of metasurfaces under consideration of structural perturbations and experimental parameters.
Spectral missing color correction based on an adaptive parameter fitting model
Authors: Wang Tengfeng , Liu Duan , Xue Zhishuang , Wan Xiaoxia
Published: February 2023

With the development of remote sensing technology, true-color visualization of hyperspectral LiDAR echo signals has become a hotspot for both academic research and commercial applications. The limitation of the emission power of hyperspectral LiDAR causes the loss of spectral-reflectance information in some channels of the hyperspectral LiDAR echo signal. The color reconstructed based on the hyperspectral LiDAR echo signal is bound to have serious color cast problem. To solve the existing problem, a spectral missing color correction approach based on adaptive parameter fitting model is proposed in this study. Given the known missing spectral-reflectance band intervals, the colors in incomplete spectral integration are corrected to accurately restore target colors. Based on the experimental results, the color difference between color blocks and the hyperspectral image corrected by the proposed color correction model is smaller than that of the ground truth, and the image quality is higher, realizing the accurate reproduction of the target color.
Telecom-wavelength conversion in a high optical depth cold atomic system
Authors: Zhang Wei-Hang , Ye Ying-Hao , Zeng Lei , Dong Ming-Xin , Li En-Ze , Peng Jing-Yuan , Li Yan , Ding Dong-Sheng , Shi Bao-Sen
Published: February 2023

We experimentally investigate the frequency down-conversion through the four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a cold 85Rb atomic ensemble, with a diamond-level configuration. An atomic cloud with a high optical depth (OD) of 190 is prepared to achieve a high efficiency frequency conversion. Here, we convert a signal pulse field (795 nm) attenuated to a single-photon level, into a telecom light at 1529.3 nm within near C-band range and the frequency-conversion efficiency can reach up to 32%. We find that the OD is an essential factor affecting conversion efficiency and the efficiency may exceed 32% with an improvement in the OD. Moreover, we note the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected telecom field is higher than 10 while the mean signal count is larger than 0.2. Our work may be combined with quantum memories based on cold 85Rb ensemble at 795 nm and serve for long-distance quantum networks.
Compact sub-hertz linewidth laser enabled by self-injection lock to a sub-milliliter FP cavity
Authors: Liang Wei , Liu Yunfeng
Published: February 2023

A narrow linewidth laser (NLL) of high frequency stability and small form factor is essential to enable applications in long-range sensing, quantum information, and atomic clocks. Various high performance NLLs have been demonstrated by Pound–Drever–Hall (PDH) lock or self-injection lock (SIL) of a seed laser to a vacuum-stabilized Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity of ultrahigh quality (Q) factor. However, they are often complicated lab setups due to the sophisticated stabilizing system and locking electronics. Here we report a compact NLL of 67-mL volume, realized by SIL of a diode laser to a miniature FP cavity of 7.7 × 108 Q and 0.5-mL volume, bypassing table-size vacuum as well as thermal and vibration isolation. We characterized the NLL with a self-delayed heterodyne system, where the Lorentzian linewidth reaches 60 mHz and the integrated linewidth is ∼80 Hz. The frequency noise performance exceeds that of commercial NLLs and recently reported hybrid-integrated NLL realized by SIL to high-Q on-chip ring resonators. Our work marks a major step toward a field-deployable NLL of superior performance using an ultrahigh-Q FP cavity.
Dispersion engineering of spoof plasmonic metamaterials via interdigital capacitance structures
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Liu Xin , Sun Yaxiu , Zhang Kuang , Wu Qun , Li Yingsong , Jiang Tao , Burokur Shah Nawaz
Published: February 2023

This work presents an approach to realize the dispersion engineering of spoof plasmonic metamaterials with controllable cutoff frequencies. Interdigital capacitance structures are applied to construct the unit cells. Dispersion properties are firstly analyzed to investigate the effects of interdigital capacitance, and the influence of the geometrical parameters of the proposed unit cell on the cutoff frequencies is studied. Then, a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) transmission line (TL) is developed based on the proposed unit cell together with a smooth transition. The matching principles of the transition are explained by the dispersion curves and the normalized impedance of the corresponding matching unit cells. Finally, the transmission characteristics of the TL are simulated and measured to validate the feasibility of the proposed strategy. Both the lower and upper cutoff frequencies can be tuned jointly by the extra degrees of freedom provided by the interdigital capacitance structures. In comparison with designs based on a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW), the proposed strategy can reduce the transversal dimension by a factor of two under the same conditions. This work can greatly accelerate the development of versatile microwave integrated circuits and systems based on spoof plasmonic metamaterials.