bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructural Evolution of an Intermetallic Phase in a Complex-Concentrated Alloy: A Brief Case Study
Authors: Saha Mainak
Published: May 2022

In the perspective of designing complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) for structural applications, sigma (σ) phase is important. It is generally known to be an embrittling phase leading to a degradation in the mechanical properties of CCAs. This necessitates detailed investigations on the evolution of σ phase in these alloys. In the present study, an equiatomic CoCrCuMnNi CCA is chosen, in which σ phase appears at 800°C, as reported in a recent publication [1]. To this end, the present investigation aims at understanding the evolution of this phase so that its presence can be controlled for the purpose of preventing degradation in mechanical properties. In the present work, a vacuum arc melted alloy, after homogenisation (at 400°C for 5h), is heat-treated for different times ranging from 1 to 9h at 800°C followed by water quenching. Extensive characterisation has been carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques to understand the sequence of σ phase precipitation at 800°C.
Transcriptome Analysis of Fusarium-Tomato Interaction Based on an Up-Dated Genome Annotation of Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Lycopersici Identifies Novel Effector Candidates that Suppress or Induce Cell Death in Nicotiana Benthamiana
Authors: Sun Xizhe , Fang Xiangling , Wang Dongmei , Jones David A. , Ma Lisong
Published: May 2022

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) causes vascular wilt disease in tomato. Upon colonization of the host, Fol secretes many small effector proteins into the xylem sap to facilitate infection. Besides known SIX (Secreted In Xylem) proteins, the identity of additional effectors that contribute to Fol pathogenicity remains largely unexplored. We have performed a deep RNA-sequencing analysis of Fol race 2-infected tomato, used the sequence data to annotate a published genome assembly generated via PacBio SMRT sequencing of the Fol race 2 reference strain Fol4287, and analysed the resulting transcriptome to identify Fol effector candidates among the newly annotated genes. We examined the Fol-infection expression profiles of all 13 SIX genes present in Fol race 2 and identified 27 new candidate effector genes that were likewise significantly upregulated upon Fol infection. Using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, we tested the ability of 22 of the new candidate effector genes to suppress or induce cell death in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. One effector candidate designated Fol-EC19, encoding a secreted guanyl-specific ribonuclease, was found to trigger cell death and two effector candidates designated Fol-EC14 and Fol-EC20, encoding a glucanase and a secreted trypsin, respectively, were identified that can suppress Bax-mediated cell death. Remarkably, Fol-EC14 and Fol-EC20 were also found to suppress I-2/Avr2- and I/Avr1-mediated cell death. Using the yeast secretion-trap screening system, we showed that these three biologically-active effector candidates each contain a functional signal peptide for protein secretion. Our findings provide a basis for further understanding the virulence functions of Fol effectors.
Changes in Soil Microbial Community along a Chronosequence of Perennial Mugwort Cropping in Northern China Plain
Authors: Tian Furong , Zhou Zhenxing , Wang Xuefei , Zhang Kunpeng , Han Shijie
Published: May 2022

Perennial cropping play vital roles in regulating soil carbon sequestration and thus mitigating climate change. However, how perennial cropping affects soil microbial community remains elusive. Using a field investigation, this study was conducted to examine the effects of mugwort cropping along a chronosequence (that is, wheat-maize rotation, 3-year, 6-year, and 20-year mugwort cropping) on soil microbial community in temperate regions of Northern China. The results showed that the highest total, actinomycetes, and fungi PLFAs were found in the 3-year mugwort cropping soils. All PLFAs of microbial groups were lowest in the 20-year mugwort cropping soils. All of the three cropping years of mugwort increased network complexity of soil microbial community. Changes in total nitrogen and phosphorus content as well as the ratio of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen could be primarily explain the variations in soil microbial community along the mugwort cropping chronosequence. Our observations highlight the contrasting impacts of soil microbial community to short-term and long-term mugwort cropping compared to conventional rotations and would have critical implications for sustainable agricultural management under perennial cropping in temperate regions.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Hutan Desa Keseneng, Kecamatan Mojotengah, Kabupaten Wonosobo sebagai Desa Penghasil Kopi
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: May 2022

Indonesia dikenal sebagai salah satu pemasok kopi terbesar di dunia. Tingginya permintaan kopi baik dari pasar negeri maupun luar negeri tidak diimbangi dengan hasil produksi kopi yang menurun beberapa tahun terakhir. Penurunan produksi tersebut selain dikarenakan berkurangnya area lahan perkebunan kopi, juga disebabkan oleh praktik budidaya yang tidak sesuai. Untuk meningkatkan hasil produksi kopi negara, diperlukan penanaman paham serta pendampingan pada petani kopi tentang budidaya kopi yang sesuai praktik pertanian yang baik. Khususnya petani kopi di perkebunan rakyat. Kabupaten Wonosobo dikenal sebagai kabupaten penghasil kopi. Namun, pada beberapa wilayah, petani kopi masih memerlukan pendampingan baik untuk kegiatan budidaya, kegiatan pascapanen maupun pengembangan dari produk kopi. Oleh karena itu pada kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan penyuluhan budidaya tanaman kopi yang baik, penyuluhan tentang pengolahan biji kopi dan penyuluhan terkait dengan pemasaran produk kopi. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi kopi nasional dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani di Desa Keseneng, Kabupaten Mojotengah, Kabupaten Wonosobo.

 
Diversifikasi Pemanfaatan Minyak Biji Nyamplung sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Nilai Tambah Produksi di CV Plantanesia
Authors: Setyawardhani Dwi Ardiana , Rakhmawati Rita , Kaavessina Mujtahid , Danarto Y. Calasanctius
Published: May 2022

Minyak biji nyamplung telah diproduksi di industri kecil maupun menengah dengan cara pengepresan bijinya. Minyak yang belum dimurnikan dijual sebagai bahan baku kosmetik untuk produk skin care dan obat tradisional seperti minyak urut maupun obat gatal. Namun, pengetahuan bahwa minyak ini dapat diolah lebih lanjut untuk produk farmasi belum diketahui pelaku usaha. Komponen utama minyak biji nyamplung berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif biodiesel sedangkan komponen minornya memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escheria coli. Minyak nyamplung juga merupakan sumber senyawa bioaktif. Salah satu konstituen utama dari biji nyamplung, calophyllolide, memiliki aktivitas anti-inflamasi, anti-koagulan, antibakteri dan antikanker. Mengingat manfaat minyak nyamplung yang beragam, maka perlu diberikan penyuluhan pada industri penghasil minyak nyamplung untuk mengembangkan produktivitasnya melalui diversifikasi pemanfaatan minyak nyamplung. Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan wawasan kemanfaatan minyak nyamplung, sehingga UMKM yang bersangkutan dapat menghasilkan produk turunan lainnya selain dijual dalam bentuk unrefined oil. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilakukan di CV. Plantanesia. Pelatihan diberikan dalam bentuk sharing pengetahuan dan perkembangan teknologi terkini mengenai pemurnian minyak biji nyamplung serta ekstraksi komponen-komponen mayor dan minor. Penyampaian materi dilakukan melalui kunjungan ke lokasi dan penyuluhan secara daring pada pelaku usaha.
Impact of COVID-19 Measures on Mobility in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Laosunthara Ampan , Saengtabtim Kumpol , Sochoeiya Piyaporn , Leelawat Natt , Tang Jing , Kodaka Akira , Onda Yasushi , Kohtake Naohiko ,   Disaster and Risk Management Information Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,   International School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,   Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
Published: May 2022

Transportation is considered to be one of the main activities of daily life. The COVID-19 pandemic, which had its origin at the end of 2019, restricted the movement of the people due to its deadly impacts. Most governments also had a hand in limiting the mobility of the people through various measures and policies. Thailand was one of the first countries impacted by COVID-19, and transportation in Bangkok, the capital city, was greatly affected by both government measures and the COVID-19 disease. In this study, the number of passengers using the various modes of public transportation in Bangkok and the daily number of COVID-19 cases there are analyzed, and a correlation is found. In addition, the measures taken against COVID-19 are summarized to identify any impacts on Bangkok’s mobility and transportation. The mobility and transportation data include the passengers of the four modes of transportation: air, water, road, and rail. The findings show a moderate yet significant correlation between the number of passengers and the daily number of COVID-19 cases. This correlation was also amplified by the announcements and policies of the government.
Improving the main indicators of transformers with twisted one-piece magnetic cores by changing the technology of circular winding turns formation
Authors: Avdieieva O. А. , Vakhonina L. V. , Sadovoy O. S. , Stavinskiy R. A. , Tsyganov O. M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. With the adoption of standards to reduce losses in transformers it is necessary to change the design of transformers that remain unchanged. Further energy saving is possible with the use of non-traditional technical solutions for the improvement of transformers. Problem. In order to reduce idle losses, the curved magnetic circuits of power transformers are carried out in the form of low-volume circuits. Windings are injected into assembled magnetic conductors by shuttle machines. The shuttle of windings provides technological gaps in winding windows, which results in an increase in size, metal capacity and losses. Goal. Rationale for transformer performance improvement by excluding process gaps in winding windows. Methodology. The definition of the change in transformer indicators is performed using optimization functions of the dimensionless indicators of the technological level. The adequacy of the functions is confirmed by the calculation of the mass of the electromagnetic system and the losses of the transformer. The figures of the compact analogue are calculated from the named serial analogue. Results. The result is a reduction in mass and a loss in the compactness of the transformer. Originality. The improvement of the indicators and the simplification of the winding technology are provided by a change in the design of insulating frames of winding coils. Winding on the rods is ensured by rotating the outer part of the composite insulating frame. Practical significance. Replacement the design of the windings of transformer with power of 40 kVA of 1000 V voltage class with a spatially twisted, small-dimensional magnetic conductor on a compact analogue leads to a reduction in mass and overall dimensions by 15 % and (17-18) %. Efficiency increases by 0.3 %.
Modelling and performance testing of a digital over-current relay enhanced designed model
Authors: Sekhane H. , Labed D. , Labed M. A.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The over-current relay is widely used to protect distribution and transmission electrical systems against excessive currents occurring due to short circuit or overload conditions. Many works have been carried out in the field of models simulation design of digital over-current relays in the literature, but unfortunately many of them are more complex design models, have very slow execution time and only work in simple faults cases. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to present the performance of a modified and improved model of a digital over-current relay designed in Simulink/MATLAB environment with more simplified design, faster execution time, and able to operate under more complex fault conditions. Methodology. Before starting tests, modelling of over-current relay is presented in details, of which the basic logics of the proposed model to implement inverse and instantaneous characteristics are well explained. Afterwards, various tests are carried out for the performance analysis of the enhanced designed relay model in terms of: operating speed for eliminating faults that has arisen, ability to distinguish between a fault current and load starting current, capacity distinguish between real and temporary fault currents, the way to manage variable faults over time, and the degree of harmony between primary protection relay and back-up protection relay. Originality. The originality of our proposed work consists in the development and improvement of a digital over-current relay model designed in Simulink/MATLAB environment in such way that it becomes able to operate under new harsh test conditions. This developed designed model is implemented and applied in a 400V radial distribution power system with a load that causes a starting current. Results. The obtained values of simulation are compared with the theoretically calculated values and known existing models. The obtained results after various tests validate the good performance of our enhanced designed model.
Project-Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Ali Mufti
Published: May 2022

Critical thinking is one of the 21st century skills that students must master. One way to improve students' critical thinking skills is by learning that accommodates High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The HOTS level is in the cognitive aspect; evaluate, analyze and create. The curriculum for Arabic subject learning has been regulated by the Decree of the Indonesian Minister of Religion number 183 and 184 of 2019, which stated that teachers are asked to direct Arabic subject learning that focuses on High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This study is descriptive qualitative research, describing Arabic subject learning using the Project-based learning (PjBL) model. This study describes the PBL model that can be applied to Arabic learning at Madrasah Aliyah for ten graders with the steps of; asking basic questions, planning and scheduling, monitoring, product assessment, and evaluation.
Linguistik Forensik sebagai Bahan Ajar untuk Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Dzakiruddin Muhammad , Yusuf Kamal
Published: May 2022

Arabic teaching materials must be integrated with various sciences to be more adaptive in different scientific families. One of them in the field of forensics. Therefore, this study aims to see the field of forensics as one of the Arabic language teaching materials. As a result, Arabic learners can recognize and adapt to Arabic terms or vocabulary related to investigations such as medical forensics, social forensics, and criminal forensics. This research is classified as qualitative descriptive research with a content analysis method. The Arabic website Al Jazeera serves as the primary data source in this study. According to the findings of this study, various Arabic forensic vocabularies on the Al Jazeera website can be used as teaching materials in developing Arabic listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. In addition, teaching materials containing vocabulary related to forensics can also be implemented in knowledge assessment (KI-3) and skills assessment (KI-4).
INTERNET PARENTING SEBAGAI KONTROL DALAM PENGGUNAAN INTERNET PADA REMAJA
Authors: Destari Mutia Riani , Elmanora  , Hamiyati
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze the correlation between internet parenting and adolescent internet behavior. Data was collect using self-report techniques from May to June 2020. This study involved 235 students in one of junior high school, who were randomly selected. The instrument for measuring internet parenting was the Factor Analysis of Mediating Rules and Practices (Livingstone and Helsper, 2008), which consists of 24 statements. The instrument for measuring internet behavior was the Principal Component Analysis of the Internet Use Questionnaire (Johnson & Kulpa, 2006), which consists of 20 statements. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, namely Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results showed that internet parenting was included in the moderate category (54,5%). Internet behavior is included in the low category (55,3%). The results of correlation analysis show that internet parenting has a significant negative correlation with adolescent internet behavior (r=-0,223, p<0,01). These results indicate that the higher the attitude of parents in disciplining internet use in adolescents can reduce the frequency of adolescents using the internet. Thus, the implementation of internet parenting can be one way to reduce internet use in adolescents.
Profil Kondisi Fisik Atlet Beladiri Putri Program Akselerasi Atlet Terpadu (Paket) 22 Koni Kota Depok
Authors: Alfarobi Faiq , Anggita Gustiana Mega
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kondisi fisik atlet beladiri putri PAKET 22 KONI Kota Depok. Populasi peneletian ini adalah seluruh atlet beladiri PAKET 22 KONI Kota Depok yang berjumlah 10 sampel. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukkan tingkat kondisi fisik atlet beladiri putri PAKET 22 KONI Kota Depok 5 orang (50%) kategori kurang, 3 orang (30%) kategori sedang, dan 2 orang (2%) kategori kurang sekali. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu kondisi fisik atlet beladiri putri PAKET 22 KONI Kota Depok dalam kategori kurang dengan pertimbangan frekuensi terbanyak pada kategori kurang.
Macronutrient Digestibilities and Enzyme Activities in Rumen Fluid Supplemented by Protein-Energy Synchronized Index-Based Rations
Authors: Syamsi Afduha Nurus , Harwanto Harwanto , Widodo Hermawan Setyo , Subagyo Yusuf
Published: May 2022

The protein-energy  synchronized  (PES)  index-based  rations  can  optimize microbial  protein  synthesis  (MPS)   and   affect   enzyme   activity   and  macronutrient digestibility of ration in rumen fluid. This study aimed to examine the in vitro effect of a ration based on PES index on macronutrient digestibility and enzyme activity in rumen fluid. The research was conducted experimentally, consisting of 4 treatment rations with different  PES  indexes  (R1:  0.55;  R2:  0.6;  R3:  0.65;  R4:  0.7).  Each  treatment  was repeated 5 times, so there were 24 experimental units. The material used was the rumen fluid of the Jawa Randu Goat, which was taken at the Sokaraja Slaughterhouse shortly after  the  goat  was  slaughtered.  Each  ration consisted  of  napier  grass,  river  tamarind, coconut  meal, soybean  dregs,  rice  bran,  cassava  waste,  and  mineral  mix.  The  results showed  that  the  PES  index  significantly  affected  (P<0,01)  the  digestibility  of  protein (A),  fiber  (B),  and  fat  (C),  as  well  as  the  activity  of  protease  (D)  and  cellulase  (E) enzymes.  Theorthogonal  polynomial  test  showed  that  the  PES  index  has  a  quadratic effect on all test parameters with the following equation: A (Y= -1229.5X2 + 1540.6X -457.57; R2= 0.75), B (Y = -800.95X2+ 955.86X -264.51; R² = 0.75), C (Y = 868.92X2-1038.2X + 325.1; R2= 0.81), D (Y = -41.4X2+ 51.697X -14.982; R² = 0.77), and E (Y = -4.8538X2+  5.927X -1.6241;  R²  =  0.84).  The  protein-energy  synchronized  index-based rations increased the in vitro of macronutrient digestibility (protein, fiber, and fat) and enzyme activity on rumen fluid at a medium index level (0.6-0.63).
Translating Proverbs in The Gulistan of Sa‘di: Developing a New Taxonomy Based on Baker’s (2011) Model
Authors: Afrouz Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

A translator needs to possess a wide socio-cultural and literary knowledge in order to be able to translate idiomatic expressions in general, and proverbs, in particular. The present study is an investigation into the Rehatsek’s (1888) English translation of proverbs of Sa‘di’s Gulistan (1258/2000), as a classical Persian masterpiece. Baker’s (2011) set of strategies for translating idioms was employed as an initial framework for data analysis. The findings indicated that Rehatsek had merely resorted to either literal translation or total omission. Moreover, it was found that Baker’s consideration of ‘paraphrasing’ as the most common way of translating idioms could not be confirmed in the case of Persian proverbs in The Gulistan. It was found that literal translation is by far the most common strategy for translating Persian proverbs into English with 98 per cent. It was found that there could potentially be some other strategies, besides those referred to by Baker, for rendering proverbs. Finally, six strategies were proposed for translating proverbs into literary texts
La retroautotraducción del texto autotraducido: Ambulancia y Calzados Lola, de Suso de Toro
Authors: Dasilva Xosé Manuel
Published: May 2022

Suso de Toro es uno de los narradores gallegos actuales más conocidos. Se encargó él mismo de traducir algunas de sus obras al español, unas veces después de haber aparecido el texto en gallego y otras casi al mismo tiempo que escribía este. Entre las características de Suso de Toro como autotraductor sobresale en especial su tendencia a recrear el texto de partida tanto macrotextual como microtextualmente, en este último caso mediante adiciones, supresiones y permutaciones, además de que no evita cambios diegéticos o ficcionales en el texto autotraducido. Con posterioridad, Suso de Toro transfiere algunas de estas alteraciones a una nueva edición de la obra en gallego desde la versión en español. El objetivo central del presente artículo es delimitar el concepto «retroautotraducción del texto autotraducido», con el que se intenta tipificar la elaboración por parte del autor de una nueva versión en la primera lengua con apoyo en el texto por él traducido a la segunda lengua. Esta intervención, que no es insólita en la praxis autotraductora, se ejemplifica con el análisis de dos novelas de Suso de Toro, Ambulancia y Calzados Lola, escritas en gallego, autotraducidas al español y retroautotraducidas al gallego.
La imagen del leproso a través de la traducción de sus denominaciones en la literatura bíblica del ámbito germánico altomedieval
Authors: Ayerbe Linares Miguel
Published: May 2022

La figura del leproso era bien conocida en la Edad Media, tal como atestiguan numerosos textos literarios a partir del siglo X, así como los estudios que se han publicado posteriormente sobre esta temática. Ahora bien, la terminología empleada para designar a una persona que padece lepra en traducciones de textos neotestamentarios a lenguas germánicas antiguas, con anterioridad al siglo X, constituye un campo menos analizado hasta la fecha. En el presente trabajo se analizan los términos para «leproso» tanto en las lenguas de partida (griego y latín), como en las lenguas meta (gótico, inglés antiguo, alto alemán antiguo), al objeto de comprobar si se emplean términos parecidos, así como si el mismo término en la lengua de partida se traduce siempre con el mismo término en la lengua meta. Además de un análisis morfológico de los términos empleados en las lenguas meta, ya que existe la sospecha de que no en todos los casos se contaba con un sustantivo propio para designar al enfermo, se intenta identificar la imagen que cada término transmite acerca del leproso, atendiendo a los aspectos que estos más realzan, como, por ejemplo, aspectos de índole física-médica, frente a otros de carácter sociales o, más bien, relacionados con el aspecto externo, como, por ejemplo, la indumentaria. En cuanto a las conclusiones del estudio, cabe destacar la falta de homogeneidad terminológica en las lenguas meta, así como una amplia diversidad en lo que respecta al origen y contenido semánticos de los términos para «leproso» en estas mismas lenguas, lo cual parece indicar que había diferencias considerables acerca de la imagen que transmitían los diferentes términos sobre este tipo de enfermos.
Building Physician-Scientist Skills in R Programming: A Short Workshop Report
Authors: Aliyu Muktar H. , Sani Mahmoud , Ingles Donna , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatima , Musa Baba , Dongarwar Deepa , Salihu Hamisu , Wester William
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Statistical analysis programs require coding experience and a basic understanding of programming, skills which are not taught as part of medical school or residency curricula.Methods: We conducted a five-day course for early-career Nigerian physician-scientists interested in learning common statistical tests and acquiring R programming skills. The workshop included didactic presentations, small group learning activities, and interactive discussions. A baseline questionnaire captured participant demographics and solicited participants’ level of confidence in understanding/performing common statistical tests. REDCap questionnaires were emailed to obtain feedback on educational format and content. A post-workshop assessment covered participants’ overall impression of the program.Results: A total of 23 participants attended the program. Most participants were male (n=14, 60.9%) and at an early stage in their career (assistant professor, n=20, 87.0%). Approximately 70% of respondents indicated having received some prior training in statistics. The proportion of participants without experience using R and SAS software (90% and 85%, respectively) was greater than the corresponding proportions for Stata (55%) and SPSS (20%). Prior to the workshop, most respondents expressed being “not at all confident” in performing one-way ANOVA (60%), logistic regression (68%), simple linear regression (60%), and McNemar’s test (80%). There was a statistically significant post-workshop improvement in the level of confidence in understanding and performing common statistical tests. The course was rated on a 0-100 scale as “moderately difficult” (mean ±SD: 51.7 ± 19.5). Most participants felt comfortable in putting the knowledge learned into practice (82.2 ± 17.1).Conclusion and Public Health Implications: Introductory R can be taught to junior physician-scientists in resource-limited settings and can inform the development and implementation of similar training initiatives in analogous settings.
 
Copyright © 2022 Aliyu et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Perbankan Syariah dengan Pendekatan Profitabilitas dan Maqasid Shari’ah (Studi Kasus pada Bank Syariah Mandiri dan Bank Muamalat Indonesia Periode Tahun 2013-2017)
Authors: Cahyono Danang Tri
Published: May 2022

Operasional bank syariah selain meningkatkan kinerja keuangan dituntut juga dalam pengoptimalan kinerja sosial karena Islam adalah agama yang mengedepankan pentingnya nilai-nilai sosial di masyarakat ketimbang hanya sekedar menghadapkan wajah kita ke barat dan ke timur dalam shalat. Dalam amanat UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah, fungsi sosial dari bank syariah ini juga dipertegas. Tetapi persoalannya, selama ini evaluasi terhadap kinerja bank lebih terfokus kepada kinerja bisnis atau finansialnya semata. Cukup banyak penelitian yang menilai kinerja finansial bank syariah yang kemudian lebih dikenal dengan kesehatan bank syariah. Sementara, kinerja sosial bank syariah sering kali terlupakan. Bank Syariah Mandiri dan Bank Muamalat Indonesia merupakan bank yang memiliki jumlah aset dan jumlah kantor cabang yang banyak. Sehingga kedua bank tersebut harus memperhatikan kinerja keuangan dan kinerja sosialnya agar memiliki ciri khusus apabila dibandingkan dengan bank konvensional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari annual report Bank Syariah Mandiri dan Bank Muamalat Indonesia selama lima tahun dari tahun 2013 sampai 2017 yang diaudit dan dipublikasikan. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t untuk membandingkan kinerja kedua bank tersebut dalam kinerja keuangan dan kinerja sosial.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan kinerja dengan pendekatan profitabilitas kinerja Bank Syariah Mandiri lebih tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Berdasarkan uji-t yang dilakukan Bank Syariah Mandiri menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi dari segi ROA maupun ROE apabila dibandingkan dengan Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Perbandingan kinerja sosial dengan pendekatan maqa>s{id shari>’ah  masing-masing bank menunjukkan keunggulannya di beberapa indikator. Bank Syariah Mandiri lebih tinggi pada indikator menjaga jiwa, menjaga akal, dan menjaga keturunan, sedangkan Bank Muamalat Indonesia lebih tinggi pada indikator menjaga agama dan menjaga harta.
INOVASI MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI MODEL HYPNOTEACHINGDALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN BAGI ANAK PEMULUNG DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Mardhiah Mardhiah , Suaidah Ida , Kamal St. Ibrah Mustafa
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to determine the description of the implementation of the Hypnoteaching model in learning to read the Qur'an for scavenger children in Makassar City, as well as to determine the increased interest and ability to read the Al-Qur'an part of the scavenger in Makassar City through the Hipnoteaching learning model. This is a classroom action research. The research subjects are 43 TK / TPA / TB Ar-Rasyid students in Tamangapa Village, Manggala District, Makassar City. This study consisted of three cycles. One cycle of this research is given two actions in two face-to-face. Then in each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data were collected through observations and questionnaires. The results showed that the Hypnoteaching Method could increase the students' interest and ability to read the Koran at TK / TPA / TB Ar-Rasyid, Tamangapa village, Manggala sub-district, Makassar city. The implication of this research is the realization of an increase in interest and ability to read the Koran for scavenger children after they experience the learning process with the hynoteaching model which is very useful for them in order to continue the learning process of the Qur'an at a further stage as well as the process of education and spiritual guidance for scavenger children in Makassar city.  AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan modelHypnoteaching dalam pembelajaran membaca al-Qur;an bagi anak pemulung di Kota Makassar, serta untuk mengetahui peningkatan minat dan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur’an bagianakpemulung di Kota Makassar melalui model pembelajaran Hypnoteaching.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa TK/TPA/TB Ar-Rasyid sejumlah 43 orang di Kelurahan Tamangapa Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga siklus. Satu siklus penelitian ini diberikan dua kali tindakan dalam dua kali tatap muka. Kemudian dalam setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Data dikumpulkan melalui hasil pengamatan dan pemberian angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Metode Hypnoteaching dapat meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur’an siswaTK/TPA/TB Ar-Rasyid kelurahan Tamangapa kecamatan Manggala kota Makassar.Adapun Implikasi penelitian ini adalah terwujudnya peningkatan minat dan kemampuan membaca al-Quran bagi anak pemulung setelah mereka mengalami proses pembelajaran dengan model hynoteaching sangat bermanfaat bagi mereka dalam rangka kelanjutan proses belajar Al-Qur’an  pada tahap lebih lanjut serta proses pendidikan dan pembinaan spiritual bagi anak pemulung di KotaMakassar.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI KOMUNITAS MUSLIM (STUDI PADA MAJELIS TA’LIM AL-MUTHMAINNAH DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO)
Authors: Fahmi Silvina Choirotul , Prasetiyo Luhur
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe objective of thisstudy is to describe the patterns and strategies of society economic empowerment that are used by the management of the Islamic Board of Trustees and empowerment is ongoing before and after conducting empowerment. Besides, it describes the factors that influenced the empowerment activity.These three problem formulations were examined with the theory of society empowerment and social change because it related to changes that occur in society. The study was conducted in Pohijo, Sampung, Ponorogo. This study adopts a qualitative approach through field research on productive activities for a society based on data collected by interviews, observation, and document analysis.This study describes the results of this empowerment activity in terms of culinary, society can make pentol and meatballs with good taste. In terms of animal husbandry, society can breed goats properly so that the number of goats is increasing every year. In terms of agriculture, society can grow shallots with a good method, so that the harvest never fails. A Changing in attitudes and habits of the society from the results achieved from society empowerment activities have more helped the economy of the Talim Assembly congregation, especially empowerers. AbstrakTulisan bertujuan mengungkap pola dan strategi pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat yang digunakan oleh pengurus Majelis Ta’lim Al-Muthmainnah di Desa Pohijo Kecamatan Sampung Kabupaten Ponorogodan pemberdaya sebelum, sedang berlangsung dan sesudah melakukan pemberdayaan serta mendeskripsikan faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan ini.Sesuai dengan tujuan tersebut,data dikaji menggunakan teori pemberdayaan masyarakat dan perubahan sosial karena berhubungan dengan perubahan yang terjadi di masyarakat. Studi dilakukan di Desa Pohijo Kecamatan Sampung Kabupaten Ponorogo. Studi ini mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif melalui penelitian lapangan tentang kegiatan yang produktif bagi masyarakat berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan analisis dokumen.Studi ini mengungkapkan hasil dari kegiatan pemberdayaan ini yakni dari segi kuliner, masyarakat mampu membuat pentol dan bakso dengan citarasa yang enak. Dari segi peternakan, masyarakat mampu berternak kambing dengan baik hingga kian tahun kian bertambah jumlah kambingnya. Dari segi pertanian, masyarakat mampu bertanam bawang merah dengan metode yang baik sehingga setiap kali panennya tidak pernah gagal. Perubahan sikap serta kebiasaan masyarakat dari hasil yang sudah dicapai dari kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini sedikit banyak sudah membantu perekonomian jama’ah Majelis Ta’lim khususnya pemberdaya.
Comments: Upset in Energy Interdependence Rocks the World
Authors: Boschee Pam
Published: May 2022

What may have been a sense of uneasy security in countries around the world that relied on imported oil and gas has been shaken off. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and its role in supplying oil and natural gas to the EU, highlights just how quickly the sourcing of fuel can or must change because of the physical disruption of production, operations, and transportation, or because of sanctions or a country’s own concerns about energy security. The resultant market volatility is being felt around the world.

The European Commission published plans on 8 March to cut Russian natural gas imports

by two-thirds this year and end its reliance on Russian supplies “well before 2030.” About 40%, or 150–190 Bcm, of the gas supplied to the EU’s 27 countries is provided by Russia. EU Climate Policy Chief Frans Timmermans said, “The answer to this concern for our security lies in renewable energy and diversification of supply.”

However, renewable energy sources are nowhere near the capacity needed to fill the supply gap and won’t be for many years to come. Diversification of supply is the most feasible alternative now.

The commission said the US, Qatar, and others may be able to provide 60 Bcm of gas and LNG, equivalent to about a third of the Russian supply. Since December, US LNG exports have been heading to Europe to help refill its natural gas storage, which has been at its lowest level in at least 10 years. Storage injections in the summer were limited because of the high volume of LNG exports to Asia, high wholesale gas prices, and reduced supplies from Russia. US LNG exports in March were expected to reach about 8.84 Bcm (projection as of 16 March), exceeding a record 8.6 Bcm in January 2022.

Qatar’s Energy Minister Saad al-Kaabi said in February that his country’s LNG volumes are committed in long-term contracts mostly to Asian buyers, adding that only 10–15% of the volumes may be divertible to Europe.
Barge LNG Offers Benefits in Deepwater and Onshore Developments
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: May 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30871, “Could Barge LNG Replace FLNG?” by Edward A. Hernandez, Timothy D. Highfield, and Thomas G. Forbes, io consulting, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

Most currently operating floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) vessels are ship-shaped and designed for offshore, over-field locations. This approach, however, does not necessarily offer an optimized solution for gas monetization. An alternative solution is barge-based LNG (BLNG), focused on near-shore positioning with liquefaction facilities mounted on a simple floating or grounded substructure with the remainder of the systems decoupled from the liquefaction technology in a separate location. The complete paper addresses the benefits of BLNG and why it is an increasingly viable gas-monetization concept.

Introduction

BLNG is focused on near-shore or at-shore positioning. The LNG liquefaction facilities are mounted on a simple floating substructure and either moored near shore, connected to shore by a jetty, or set down in a prepared dry dock. The remainder of the system (preprocessing, liquids handling, and storage) is decoupled from the liquefaction technology and can be in separate locations. Examples include an FPSO in deep water over the field; adjacent to onshore gas wells; or, as technology develops in subsea processing and compression, feeding the BLNG facility.

BLNG concepts typically consist of multiple LNG trains that meet the required throughput. BLNG minimizes project risk by better aligning the phasing of the development with the proving-up of the reservoirs. The approach also could help deliver greater certainty through better control over the scope of supply and fabrication away from remote, low-infrastructure locations.

The authors do not advocate BLNG as a replacement for FLNG in all cases, nor are they critical of current and future FLNG developments. They write that FLNG and BLNG each have their place and that it is important for owners, consultants, and contractors to appreciate the strengths and weaknesses of each so that quality decisions can be reached.
Deep Convolutional Network Improves Completion Design
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: May 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 201545, “Completion Design Improvement With a Deep Convolutional Network,” by Liwei Li, Nasser Nasrabadi, and Timothy Carr, SPE, West Virginia University. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Maximizing stimulated natural and hydraulic-fracture networks is a primary concern for economic production from a horizontal shale gas well. Geomechanical facies and preexisting fractures in each stage are identified based on similarities in formation characteristics. This often requires analyzing large volumes of drilling, logging-while-drilling (LWD), and measurement-while-drilling (MWD) data. In the complete paper, the authors develop a methodology that calculates mechanical specific energy (MSE) using real-time drillstring acceleration signals.

Introduction

The Marcellus Shale Energy and Environmental Laboratory (MSEEL) aimed to improve stimulation efficiency by collecting, integrating, and analyzing real-time LWD and MWD data. In addition, engineered completions were combined with fiber-optic distributed-temperature-sensor and distributed-acoustic-sensor data.

To reduce issues with data quality measured using surface sensors, advanced MWD and LWD tools are proposed to collect data close to the bit.

In the analysis of nonstationary data such as drillstring vibration measurements, the conventional Fourier transform is limited to frequency spectrum without time information. To address this problem, new signal-processing methods have been developed to provide frequency features localized in time.

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a promising approach for image classification. Feature extractions can be performed by adding convolution and pooling filters, reducing spatial resolutions, and increasing depth to build a deep learning network.

The authors propose a decision chart that labels rock laterals using calculated MSE values and interpreted natural fracture intensities to improve stage-by-stage perforation efficiency. The borehole-imaging tool is used to achieve a cost-effective solution. This tool collects both high-resolution acoustic amplitudes and triaxial accelerations.
Techniques for History-Matching and Forecasting Tight Oil Reservoirs Compared
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: May 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper URTEC 208352, “Assessment of Rate-Normalization and Pressure-Deconvolution Techniques To History-Match and Forecast Production of Tight Oil Reservoirs Using a Physics-Based Rate-Time Model,” by Leopoldo M. Ruiz Maraggi, SPE, Larry W. Lake, SPE, and Mark P. Walsh, SPE, The University of Texas at Austin. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Rate transient analysis (RTA) is used routinely to analyze the production history of unconventional wells. Specifically, it is used to determine the time at the end of linear flow (time to depletion), estimate drainage volume, and predict the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) of wells. RTA uses a rate-normalization technique to characterize how the well rate changes with a changing bottomhole flow pressure. However, rate normalization approximates a more-general technique known as pressure deconvolution. The complete paper evaluates and compares the performance of rate normalization and pressure deconvolution for both synthetic and tight oil examples.

Overview

The complete paper first presents the solution of the single-phase slightly compressible fluid-diffusivity equation for a certain set of idealized conditions. Second, the concepts of time superposition, convolution, deconvolution, and rate normalization are presented. Third, a numerical regularized exponential basis function inverse scheme is proposed for use in deconvolution. Fourth, the comparison of the rate-normalization and pressure-deconvolution techniques for a synthetic case are presented. Finally, the two methods are evaluated for tight oil wells. This synopsis will not include the many equations involved in these processes or detailed discussions thereof; instead, it concentrates on the work flow that the authors have developed, specifically its application to synthetic cases.
Material-Balance Method With Static Modeling Helps Generate Reliable Forecasting
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: May 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 207933, “The Integration of Analytical P/Z Material-Balance Method With Static Modeling and Integrated Asset Model To Generate Reliable Forecasting for a Giant Onshore Gas Field in Abu Dhabi,” by Bondan Bernadi, Yuni Budi Pramudyo, and Fatima Omar Alawadhi, ADNOC, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Reliable field gas initially in place (FGIIP) estimation is achieved by performing multiple reservoir-pressure/gas-compressibility (P/Z) calculations. Several scenarios are developed in the complete paper by defining key areas based on permeability variation, areal distribution, and pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) behavior. The best FGIIP estimation is then fed back into the static model to generate numerous realizations considering the static uncertainties to produce the same FGIIP. A giant onshore gas field is highly heterogeneous, with permeability, lateral composition variation, and dynamic interaction between wells. Incorporating the correct estimation of FGIIP into the integrated asset model (IAM) has helped yield reliable forecasting and has enabled more-efficient field development.

Introduction

Reservoir A produces onshore from a limestone formation in the lower cretaceous horizon. The structure is a simple dome that is somewhat steeper on the eastern flank, with two extended noses in the south and southeast directions. The total thickness of this zone decreases down the flanks but more rapidly in the northeast direction. Formation porosity is in the range of 10 to 25%, with a permeability range of 0.5 to 88 md. The original reservoir pressure is approximately 4,300 psia, with a reservoir temperature of 260°F.

The field has been producing in depletion mode for more than 30 years, flowing into one common surface network with other depletion reservoirs. More than 100 wells had been drilled in the gas-cap zone, with an average gas-production rate of 15–20 MMscf/D per well. Because of the depletion scheme applied since the beginning of field life, gas-production decline is inevitable. The focus of the complete paper mainly relates to the gas-cap zone.
Prevention of VM Side-Channel Timing Attack in Cloud Computing using Randomized Timing Approach in AES - 128
Authors: Kumar Animesh , Dutta Sandip , Pranav Prashant
Published: May 2022

Cloud computing is one of the most widely used technologies in the world. More and more services are offered to clients by cloud service providers (CSP). Today Cloud computing services are facing constant threats and vulnerabilities unique to such systems. One of the most important cloud-specific attacks is the VM side-channel timing attack. In this paper, we propose a new method to prevent VM side-channel timing attacks in AES-128.
Preoperative intravenous iron in general surgical patients with iron deficiency anaemia: an observational, retrospective study
Authors: Brown Neil , Yan Ruoling , Henderson Jenniffer , Lowe Genevieve
Published: May 2022

Background: Preoperative iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is common in the surgical population. Our institution has implemented a pathway for the treatment of IDA using intravenous iron. The impact of this pathway on patient outcomes is assessed in this observational, retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data were collected on patients undergoing elective general or colorectal surgery during 2020 at a tertiary referral centre in the west of Scotland, United Kingdom. Analysis was undertaken to assess the change in haemoglobin level in response to iron administration and any associated impact on blood transfusion requirements, hospital length of stay and readmission rates.Results: A total of 178 patients were included in the analysis, 43% of whom were anaemic preoperatively. Intravenous iron was administered to 26 patients, 92% of whom were iron deficient. An average haemoglobin increment of 22 g/l was observed in patients who received intravenous iron by the time they attended for surgery, and those patients had better recovery of their haemoglobin postoperatively. No statistically significant differences were observed in the rates of postoperative blood transfusion, hospital length of stay or readmission to hospital within 30 days.Conclusions: Although administration of intravenous iron preoperatively was associated with an improvement in haemoglobin levels, it did not appear to be associated with improved hospital outcomes. Further evaluation is required to refine our preoperative anaemia pathway.