bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the Brain Matter? Cortical Alterations in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder:
A Critical Review of Structural and Functional Magnetic Resonance
Studies
Authors: Luciano Mario , Di Vincenzo Matteo , Mancuso Emiliana , Marafioti Niccolò , Di Cerbo Arcangelo , Giallonardo Vincenzo , Sampogna Gaia , Fiorillo Andrea
Published: September 2022

Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is associated with significant psychosocial impairment,
high use of mental health services and a high number of relapses and hospitalization. Neuroimaging techniques
provide the opportunity to study the neurodevelopmental processes underlying PBD, helping to
identify the endophenotypic markers of illness and early biological markers of PBD. The aim of the
study is to review available studies assessing structural and functional brain correlates associated with
PBD. PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and PsychINFO databases have been searched. Studies were
included if they enrolled patients aged 0-18 years with a main diagnosis of PBD according to ICD or
DSM made by a mental health professional, adopted structural and/or functional magnetic resonance
as the main neuroimaging method, were written in English and included a comparison with healthy
subjects. Of the 400 identified articles, 46 papers were included. Patients with PBD present functional
and anatomic alterations in structures normally affecting regulations and cognition. Structural neuroimaging
revealed a significant reduction in gray matter, with cortical thinning in bilateral frontal, parietal
and occipital cortices. Functional neuroimaging studies reported a reduced engagement of the
frontolimbic and hyperactivation of the frontostriatal circuitry. Available studies on brain connectivity
in PBD patients potentially indicate less efficient connections between regions involved in cognitive
and emotional functions. A greater functional definition of alteration in brain functioning of PBD patients
will be useful to set up a developmentally sensitive targeted pharmacological and nonpharmacological
intervention.
Drug Repurposing in Cancer Research: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2012
to 2021
Authors: Bali Elif Burcu
Published: September 2022

Background:

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the research articles indexed on the
Web of Science about drug repurposing in cancer between 2012 and November 2021.

Method:

Findings were obtained from the Web of Science database. A bibliometric method was
performed to analyze publication types, research fields, citations, countries, institutions, active journals,
authors, and keywords. The data were supported by using collaboration networks, including
visualization maps. Globally, of 5,568 publications, only 408 were research papers in cancer
research. However, the number of publications and citations was observed to increase significantly
over the years, especially in 2020 and 2021. The majority of the publication types were original articles
in the oncology field. Unsurprisingly, the USA was the most active country in publishing articles.

Results:

The University of Texas in the USA was the institution with the highest number of publications.
A team of researchers led by Zdenek Skrott published the most cited paper. While Pantziarka’s
research team was the most active in publication productivity, Ferlay J’s research group had the
highest value of citation burst. Cancers and Cancer Research were the most active journals in terms
of publications and citation numbers, respectively. After the keyword drug repurposing, the most
frequently used keywords were “apoptosis” and “breast cancer”, indicating the research hotspots.

Conclusion:

This is the first bibliometric research in detail to point out that drug repurposing in
cancer is a novel and growing area, especially in developed countries.
Withdrawn: Professor Bin Xu, A Legendary Pharmacologist in People’s Republic of China
Authors: Lu Da-Yong
Published: September 2022

The article has been withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Evidence Based Medicine versus Personalized Treatment of Symptomatic Conditions of the Spine Under Local Anesthesia: the Role of Endoscopic versus Spinal Fusion Surgery as a “Disruptive” Technique
Authors: Yeung Anthony , Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe
Published: September 2022

Runaway cost for surgical spine care has led to increased scrutiny on its
medical necessity. Consequently, the beaurocracy involved in determining coverage for
these services has grown. The call for high-grade clinical evidence dominates the
debate on whether endoscopic surgery has a place in treating painful conditions of the
aging spine. The cost-effectiveness and durability of the endoscopic treatment benefit
are questioned every time technology advances prompt an expansion of its clinical
indications. The authors of this chapter introduce the concept of early-staged
management of spine pain and make the case for personalized spine care focused on
predominant pain generators rather than image-based necessity criteria for surgery
often applied in population-based management strategies. The authors stipulate that
future endoscopic spine care will likely bridge the gap between interventional pain
management and open spine surgery. This emerging field of interventional endoscopic
pain surgery aims to meet the unanswered patient demand for less burdensome
treatments under local anesthesia and sedation. The very young and old patients often
are ignored because their conditions are either not bad enough or too advanced for a
successful outcome with traditional spine care. In this watershed area of spine care, the
authors predict endoscopic spine surgery will thrive and carve out accepted surgical indications in direct competition with pain management and traditional open spine
fusion protocols.
Postoperative Management of Sequelae, Complications, and Readmissions Following Outpatient Transforaminal Lumbar Endoscopy
Authors: Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe , Ramírez León Jorge Felipe , Dowling Álvaro , Hellinger Stefan , A Ransom Nicholas , Yeung Anthony
Published: September 2022

Best management practices of complications resulting from outpatient
transforaminal endoscopic decompression surgery for lumbar foraminal and lateral
recess stenosis are not established. Recent advances in surgical techniques allow for
endoscopically assisted bony decompression for neurogenic claudication symptoms
due to spinal stenosis. These broadened indications also produced a higher incidence of
postoperative complications ranging from dural tears, recurrent disc herniations, nerve
root injuries, foot drop, facet and pedicle fractures, or infections. Postoperative
sequelae such as dysesthetic leg pain, and infiltration of the surgical access and spinal
canal with irrigation fluid causing spinal headaches and painful wound swelling, as
well as failure to cure, are additional common postoperative problems that can lead to
hospital readmissions and contribute to lower patient satisfaction with the procedure. In
this chapter, the authors focus on analyzing the incidence of such problems and, more
importantly, how to manage them. While the incidence of these problems is recogniz-ably low, knowing the art of managing them in the postoperative recovery period can
make the difference between a flourishing endoscopic outpatient spinal surgery
program and one that will continue to struggle with replacing traditional open spinal
surgeries.
High Frequency Surgery for the Treatment of Herniated Discs
Authors: Tieber Friedrich , Hellinger Stefan , Hyeun-Sung Kim Bentham Science Publisher , Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe
Published: September 2022

High-frequency coagulation, cutting, and coblation technology have long
been applied during endoscopic spine surgery. Endoscopic visualization devices and
high-frequency surgical devices can be found in almost every surgical subspecialty.
During surgical HF applications, electrical energy is converted into heat, used to cut
biological tissue and stop bleeding. This technology works with high voltages in
cutting and coagulation mode. The difference is in the creation of arcs, which have a
cutting effect. In simplified terms, voltages of ≤ 200 Volts are generated during
coagulation and > 200 Volts during cutting. The interaction of HF with biological
tissue can be explained by the faradic, electrolytic, and thermal effect. A frequency of
over 400 kHz has no harmful effect on body tissue. Frequencies over 1MHz have a
“cold cutting effect” allowing for safe bipolar applications and minimizing thermal
damage. This chapter reviews how modern high-frequency generators work and how to
minimize risk during clinical applications, including electrode bonding and burns by
applying automatic power metering, two-part neutral electrode, and bipolar techniques.
During spinal endoscopy, the effects of HF treatment can be directly assessed under
very high magnification factors. This complementary overlap of the videoendoscopic
and HF technique in modern endoscopic spine surgery is the key to superior clinical
outcomes compared to non-visualized percutaneous procedures performed under
fluoroscopic control.
Lumbar MRI– How Useful is It in Surgical Decision Making for Spinal Endoscopy?
Authors: Lewandrowski Kai-Uwe , Hellinger Stefan , Carvalho Paulo de , Freitas Ramos Max Rogério , Ramírez León Jorge Felipe
Published: September 2022

The commonly used preoperative lumbar MRI grading lags behind modern
patient selection criteria to prognosticate favorable outcomes with the endoscopic
decompression for lumbar herniated disc and foraminal and lateral recess stenosis.
Since its utilization has evolved into a primary medical necessity criterion for surgical
intervention, surgeons often find themselves with clinical symptoms whose treatment is
not supported by the MRI report. Therefore, this chapter's authors established the need
to determine the MRI's accuracy and positive predictive value for successful
postoperative pain relief after endoscopic transforaminal decompression. Using the
transforaminal endoscopic technique, the authors performed a critical retrospective
analysis of 1839 patients who had surgery for herniated disc and stenosis in the
foramina or lateral spinal canal. They calculated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy,
and positive predictive value of preoperative MRI grading, correctly identifying the symptomatic surgical level by correlating it with the directly visualized pathology
during surgery and clinical improvements. The lumbar MRI verbal report's sensitivity
was calculated at 68.34%, the specificity at 68.29%, the accuracy at 68.24%, and the
positive predictive value at 97.38%. The use of surgical MRI criteria for nerve
compression detailed within this manuscript improved the calculated sensitivity to
87.2%, specificity to 73.03%, and accuracy to 86.51%. The likely explanation lies in
the lack of consensus between radiologists and spine surgeons when grading
compression syndromes of the exiting and traversing nerve root. The grading of a
preoperative MRI scan for lumbar foraminal and lateral recess stenosis may
significantly differ between radiologists and surgeons. The authors conclude that the
endoscopic spine surgeon should read and grade the lumbar MRI scan independently.
Transforaminal Epiduroscopic Basivertebral Nerve Laser Ablation for Chronic Low Back Pain Associated with Modic Changes
Authors: Paudel Byapak , Maruti Adsul Nitin , Sung Kim Hyeun , Il-Tae Jang Bentham Science Publisher
Published: September 2022

Among different causes of chronic low back pain, Modic changes of the
endplates have been identified as an MRI-image representation of end stage
degenerative disc disease. Painful innervation of these degenerative endplates from
within the vertebral body by arborization of the basivertebral nerve towards these
endplates has been demonstrated. Ablation of the basivertebral nerve has been
identified as one possible way to treat chronic low back pain. This chapter describes the
transforaminal epiduroscopic laser ablation of the basivertebral nerve and its associated
clinical outcomes.
Awake Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Hussain Ibrahim , Y. Wang Michael
Published: September 2022

The transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) is a time-tested procedure for
treating various lumbar degenerative pathologies. This approach leverages an access
route through Kambin's triangle that typically requires a partial or total facetectomy for
access to the disc space and neural decompression. Since its first published description
in the early 1980s, the procedure has undergone extensive refinements concomitant
with technology and technique advancements. Traditional open TLIF is effective but
associated with adverse perioperative effects due to the amount of muscle dissection
necessary for exposure, including increased blood loss, hospital length of stay, and
extended recovery times. The transition to more minimally invasive, paramedian
approaches has sought to reduce the burden of these consequences. Spinal endoscopy
has witnessed a resurgence over the past decade paralleled by advancements in higher
resolution optical systems along with more robust and enduring endoscopic
instrumentation. This development, combined with increased awareness of healthcare
economic costs, problems with narcotic dependency surrounding open spine surgery,
and admission restrictions to hospitals during pandemic times, has fueled a push for
“ultra” minimally invasive variants of the traditional TLIF. Patients, payors, and
hospitals alike expect shorter inpatient stays, earlier mobilization and discharge from
the hospital, as well as narcotic independence faster than ever before. To this end,
awake endoscopic TLIF has recently been described with efficacious results to comply
with these broader factors. In this chapter, the authors explain their awake endoscopic
TLIF step-by-step and demonstrate the clinical advantages and the noninferiority data
to traditional MIS TLIF based on their clinical series's one-year outcomes data.
Endoscopic Intravertebral Canal Decompression after Spinal Fracture
Authors: Zhang Xifeng , Zhang Lei-Ming , Letao Jiang
Published: September 2022

Spinal endoscopy allows creating access to areas of the spine that are
ordinarily difficult to reach, thereby reducing the collateral damage from extensive
exposure to treat common degenerative or traumatic conditions of the spine. In this
chapter, the authors present a case of endoscopic spinal canal decompression in a
patient who sustained a burst fracture near the thoracolumbar junction. The endoscopic
decompression technique was employed, which resulted in removing bone fragments,
causing compression of the neural elements. The burst fracture was then stabilized with
a percutaneous short pedicle screw construct. The patient did well with the hybridized
endoscopic and minimally invasive decompression and stabilization technique. The
authors are making a case for considering the endoscopic spinal surgery platform other
than the traditionally accepted indications in the interest to diminish further blood loss,
pain, and complication rates associated with spinal fracture surgeries.
Treatment of Lumbar Tuberculosis with Spinal Endoscopy
Authors: Zhang Xifeng , Jianwei Du , Rongqiang Bu
Published: September 2022

The authors present a case of a 25-year old female patient who presented to
their facility with a chief complaint of low back pain and discomfort for the previous
two months. The symptoms gradually worsened. The patient denied any fever, night
sweats, and other aches. Symptoms worsened when standing up. They were also
aggravated by changing the body position. In particular, bending forward was
restricted. There was no radiating pain in the lower extremities. An MRI of the lumbar
spine revealed a lesion raising suspicions of tuberculosis of the spine, which was later
confirmed with biopsy and cultures. The patient was placed on oral multi anti tuberculosis antibiotic treatment but responded poorly to this treatment without much
clinical improvement. Therefore, endoscopic access was chosen to debride and irrigate
the paraspinal tuberculous abscess, which successfully treated the infection. The
authors report the case details to illustrate that a combination of antibiotic treatment
and endoscopic debridement may resolve the lumbar spine's complicated infection
adequately. Minimally invasive endoscopic irrigation and lavage of paraspinal
tuberculous abscesses can be considered an alternative to open surgery.
Treatment of Thoracic Meningioma with Spinal Canal Decompression under Spinal Endoscopy
Authors: Zhang Xifeng , Zhang Lei-Ming , Liu Yang
Published: September 2022

Extramedullary benign tumors of the spine may cause spinal cord
compression. Patients may present with motor weakness and sensory loss in the
extremities causing gait abnormalities. Surgical treatment is indicated when symptoms
are no longer manageable. In this chapter, the authors present an 87-year-old female's
case as an illustrative example of how the spinal endoscopy platform can be safely and
effectively deployed in the treatment of such lesions. The example patient suffered
from spinal cord compression from a large meningioma at the T7 level. The tumor was
successfully removed via an endoscopic working cannula. The patient's symptoms
improved, and a nine-month follow-up MRI scan showed adequate and maintained
spinal cord decompression. This case example demonstrates that spinal endoscopy may
be applied to an increasing number of surgical indications beyond the scope of
degenerative disease. Further clinical investigation will need to show this technology's
limits when treating benign tumors of the spine.
Influence of inflation, bank interest, promotion, information technology, third party funds and SBI rates on credit
Authors: Hasan Azasi , Priadana Sidik , Astuty Pudji
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine and examine the effect of inflation, bank interest, promotions, information technology, third party funds and SBI rates on credit. This study uses a descriptive and verification approach, by analyzing Time Series data over a period of 20 years. The analysis method in this study uses multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is stated that there is a positive and significant effect of the variables of Inflation, Bank Interest, Promotion, Information Technology, Third Party Funds, and SBI rates simultaneously on credit. Where the six independent variables are the dominant variables that form credit together. There are positive and negative and significant effects of each variable Inflation, Bank Interest, Promotion, Information Technology, Third Party Funds, and SBI rates on Credit. The variable that has the biggest influence on credit is the Promotion variable, while the variable with the smallest absolute influence on credit is Bank Interest. All models in this study obtained both positive and negative and significant results.
Implementation of a Dynamic Thermal and Illuminance Control System in Responsive Facades: Shading Study
Authors: de Bem Gabriel , Mulhbauer Marlon , La Roche Pablo , Matias André , Almeida Ricardo , Kruger Eduardo
Published: September 2022

This study evaluates three shading configurations designed and tested in a preliminary stage of responsive shading device development. The strategy is based on trigonometric relationships focused on solar angles at any given moment. The configurations are thus related to the ratio of the window area shaded by a responsive brise-soleil that provides 0%, 50%, or 100% shading of the indoor space, based on the daylight needs and the indoor thermal control realized. Shading simulations were performed for Pomona, California (latitude 34.04°) for different seasons of the year. Simplified thermal simulations were run in EnergyPlus to estimate the effectiveness of the method in a full-scale environment of three shading modes (static shading device, seasonal shading, and responsive brise soleil). Comparisons were made relative to a ‘no shading’ condition to improve indoor comfort conditions. The results of the visual analysis demonstrated a higher shading efficiency for lower solar angles between the equinoxes and winter. In terms of comfort, the response brise soleil was found to be promising in locations with seasonal variations. The response was low in predominantly tropical climates. Therefore, the strategy can be used to better control indoor conditions. The extent of solar heat gain and the degree of work-task illuminance can be improved to improve comfort in naturally conditioned spaces. The extent of energy consumption can be reduced.
Cytoplasmic Microinjection of piggyBac Transposase mRNA and Transposon Vectors for Efficient In Vitro Production of Transgenic Porcine Parthenotes
Authors: Miyagasako Rico , Hansol Jin , Watanabe Satoshi , Miyoshi Kazuchika , Inada Emi , Sato Masahiro
Published: September 2022

The efficient production of transgenic (Tg) piglets has remained a challenge in the field of domestic animal studies. Unlike mice, the pronuclei of pig zygotes cannot be easily studied because of the abundance of lipid droplets. Therefore, the zygotes must be briefly centrifuged before pronuclear injection (PNI) to move the lipid droplets to the periphery of the zygote for PNI-mediated production of Tg piglets. However, this procedure is temporal because lipid droplets return to the original space during PNI, hampering the consecutive PNI. Cytoplasmic injection (CPI) of nucleic acids is comparatively simple than PNI because CPI does not require such pre-centrifugation. Unfortunately, CPI using purified DNA fragments is inadequate for creating Tg piglets because it is challenging to integrate nucleic acids into the host genome. PiggyBac (PB), one of the transposons, is a valuable tool enabling efficient chromosomal integration of a transgene. The PB-mediated gene transfer requires two components, namely, transposase and transposons harboring the gene of interest (GOI) flanked by PB acceptor sites. We speculate that the CPI of transposase mRNA and transposons could accelerate the chromosomal integration of the GOI in pig zygotes. To prove this hypothesis, we performed CPI using transposase mRNA (super PB transposase mRNA) + transposon DNA carrying the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) cDNA (referred to as “pT-EGFP”), transposase expression plasmid DNA (referred to as “pTrans”) + pT-EGFP, pT-EGFP alone, or non-transposon EGFP expression plasmid DNA using porcine parthenotes. Consequently, 50% (2/4 tested) of green-fluorescent embryos exhibited chromosomal integration of GOI. In contrast, green-fluorescent embryos derived from CPI with pTrans + pT-EGFP or pT-EGFP alone did not show chromosomal integration. We used mRNA for super PB transposase, which is an engineered hyperactive version of the wild-type PB transposase. To conclude, the PB system, based on the CPI of super PB transposase mRNA + transposon DNA, could be useful for producing Tg porcine parthenotes.
Manuscript title
What are the roles and competencies of doctors in the artificial intelligence implementation society? A qualitative analysis through physician interview (Preprint)
Authors: Tanaka Masashi , Bito Seiji , Matsumura Shinji
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Although AI is said to affect the health services, it is unclear how the information provided by AI will impact the patient-physician relationship in actual practice.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore how the introduction of AI functions into the medical field will soon affect and change the role of the physician or the physician-patient relationship, and concerns about medical field in AI era.

METHODS

We conducted a focus group interview with a doctor based on informed consent. A verbatim transcript recording of all interviews was qualitatively analyzed using content analysis. The similarly extracted code is grouped into subcategories, then categories, and core categories. We continued interviewing, analyzing, and discussing until we got data saturation. In addition, we shared the results with all the interviewees and confirmed the contents to ensure the trustworthiness of the analysis results.

RESULTS

A total of nine participants that belonged to various clinical departments in the three groups were interviewed. We extracted three core categories and the axial codes associated with these categories, based on this analysis. The three core categories were as follows: functions expected to be replaced by AI, functions that will still be expected of human physicians, and concerns about the medical field in the AI era. In addition, we summarized the roles of physicians and patients and the changes in the clinical environment in the age of AI. It turned out that some of the current physician's functions were mainly replaced by AI functions, and some continued to be inherited as physician's functions. Furthermore, it was found that “functions extended by AI”obtained by processing a vast amount of information will emerge, and a new role for physicians will be created to deal with them.

CONCLUSIONS

We presented our findings on how the medical process of physicians and patients will change after the full-scale implementation of AI technology. It is necessary to promote interdisciplinary discussions on how to overcome the challenges, referring to the discussions being conducted in other fields.

CLINICALTRIAL

none
Insulin resistance and intestinal microbial metabolites in childhood obesity
Authors: Zavhorodnia N.Yu. , Klenina I.A. , Tatarchuk O.M. , Hrabovska O.I. , Petishko O.P.
Published: September 2022

The article deals with the study on the content of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and their association with insulin resistance in obese children. It was found that intestinal microflora in obese children is characterized by changes in the qualitative composition and increased metabolic activity of the intestinal microflora. A moderate increase of HOMA-IR is accompanied by elevated concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines, the content of which correlates with that of acetic, propionic acid and a decrease in the metabolic activity of intestinal microflora. The progression of insulin resistance is accompanied by a further increase in the concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines, the level of HOMA-IR correlates with the level of propionic SCFA. Thus, modulation of SCFA content may be a promising way of therapeutic influence to correct insulin resistance and obesity in children.
Abstracts of the Research and Practice Conference with International Participation “XIV Ukrainian Gastroenterology Week” (September 29–30, 2022, Dnipro, Ukraine)
Authors: Authors No
Published: September 2022

No abstract
“TAKE PITY OF YOUR TOWN AND OF YOUR PEOPLE”
Authors: Hale Christopher John
Published: September 2022

It has been argued that the practice of siege warfare is at the very limit of legality under the terms of International Humanitarian Law.[1] The question addressed in this essay might be rephrased: how do the laws of armed conflict permitsieges to become humanitarian disasters? More precisely, can military doctrine regarding the efficacy of siege warfare operations to induce surrender of besieged forces comply in real world terms with the laws of armed conflict? Since February, 2022 it is alleged that Russian armed forces perpetrated a number of crimes against humanity in Ukraine during sieges of cities such as Mariupol. These alleged crimes include indiscriminate targeting of civilian habitation and attacks on evacuation corridors.[2] In the 1990s, siege warfare in the former Yugoslavia provoked international censure and criminal prosecution of perpetrators. Nevertheless, siege operations in Syria and Kashmir today show no sign of respecting the rights of civilian populations despite international censure. The core legal issue regarding sieges is the principle of distinction between combatants and non-combatant civilians and thus decisions regarding targeting and proportionality. The essay will show that distinction is a recent innovation in International Humanitarian Law and uncertainly embodied in military doctrine. The first part reviews evolving IHL norms pertinent to modern sieges. In the second, the essay examines modern jurisprudence regarding the conduct of siege warfare derived from the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) prosecution of Major General Stanislav Galić and Major General Dragomir Milosević.[3] 

 

[1] Riordan, K., ‘Shelling, Sniping and Starvation: the Law of Armed Conflict and the Lessons of the Siege of Sarajevo’, Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 41 (2), p.150; Watts, S., Under Siege: International Humanitarian Law and Security Council Practice Concerning Urban Siege Operations’, Research and Policy Paper, CHE Project, May 2014.

[2] https://blogs.icrc.org/law-and-policy/2022/03/17/armed-conflict-in-ukraine-a-recap-of-basic-ihl-rules/

[3] https://www.icty.org/case/galic
The Reform of Abortion Law in India: A Critique
Authors: Chakraborty Anogh , Chakraborty Shubhayan
Published: September 2022

After six consecutive years of discourse, India has finally passed the amendment to its Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act of 1971. This paper addresses the problems that the 2021 Amendment may prove to be inadequate to resolve, considering the existing practical lacunae between the vision of the legislation and the implementation of the law. It analyses and conducts a study on the numerous socio-economic factors that relates to the nuances of unlawful abortions, the extent to which this amendment has been able to address such problems, and how effectively has the Judiciary been able to provide appropriate remedies in accordance with the jurisprudence of the law of abortion. The paper also deliberates on the viability of the prescribed specialised Medical Board in the present infirm medical infrastructure of the country. Furthermore, several crucial elements of the concerned legislation have been left to be addressed by the MTP Rules that is yet to be enacted. This paper, in order to provide suggestive measures for such voids, attempts to strike a balance between the right to personal liberty and the right to life of an unborn, placing reliance on a comparative evaluation of the laws regarding abortion above the gestation period in other jurisdictions. In conclusion, the paper appreciates the gradual progression of abortion law in India while establishing a nexus with the recent relevant legislative developments and the socio-political role of the debate between pro-choice and pro-life in the judicial decision-making.
Caracterización de la publicación científica de docentes de enfermería en una universidad privada: análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Osorio-Castaño J.H. , Montoya-Zapata C.P. , Castañeda-Palacio H.L.
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El número de citas que recibe un artículo publicado es una de las formas en las que se visibiliza la producción científica de una disciplina; en un contexto institucional es un camino a través del cual las universidades dan seguimiento a los artículos publicados por su personal docente.
Objetivo: Caracterizar las citaciones de los artículos publicados por docentes de enfermería de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo exploratorio. Se revisaron artículos publicados por los docentes. Las variables de estudio incluyeron características del artículo publicado y de las revistas donde se han citado las publicaciones. Se hizo rastreo de las citas en las bases de datos de Google Académico, Science Direct y Scopus. La información se analizó a través de estadística descriptiva univariada.
Resultados: Se revisaron 52 artículos. De ellos, 29 han obtenido al menos una cita. Fueron en total 188 citas. De estas, 31 % las concentran tres artículos. Los más citados son los de la temática de adicciones con 21 % de las citas. El artículo más citado cuenta con 28 citas. Del total de citas, 41.5 % provienen de literatura gris.
Discusión: El comportamiento de las citas bibliográficas de los estudios publicados tiene relevancia desde varias perspectivas. Las perspectivas social y académica posibilitan una dimensión diferente del conocimiento para rebasar la llana visión del conteo de citas.
Conclusiones: El nivel de citación de las publicaciones de los docentes estudiados es baja. Es imperante continuar realizando estudios de seguimiento a la producción de las publicaciones.
Riesgos psicosociales y calidad de vida en trabajadores de servicios oncológicos públicos
Authors: Aravena-Avendaño J. , Salazar-Molina A. , Burgos-Moreno M. , Ceballos-Vásquez P.
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El trabajo desempeñado por personal de centros oncológicos genera impacto sobre ellos debido a situaciones a las que se ven expuestos, esto puede trascender en su calidad de vida.
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre las variables biodemográficas, laborales, riesgos psicosociales, carga mental de trabajo y calidad de vida relacionada con salud en trabajadores de servicios oncológicos.
Métodos: Estudio correlacional en 113 trabajadores de servicios oncológicos de cuatro hospitales chilenos. Cuestionarios aplicados: Variables biodemográficas y laborales, Calidad de Vida Relacionada con Salud SF-36, Evaluación de riesgos psicosociales SUSESO-ISTAS 21 y Escala subjetiva de carga mental de trabajo.
Resultados: Variables sexo y turnos laborales presentaron correlación significativa con algún componente de la calidad de vida (p <0.05). Consulta médica (p <0.01), licencia médica (p <0.01) y problema de salud diagnosticado (p <0.05) manifestaron bajos niveles de calidad de vida. Se encontró correlación negativa tanto en los riesgos psicosociales con calidad de vida (p <0.05) como entre la carga mental de trabajo global con el componente de salud mental (p <0.01).
Discusión: Los trabajadores en centros oncológicos están expuestos a un mayor nivel de riesgo por las condiciones de la organización del trabajo, esto representan un riesgo a su salud.
Conclusión: Existe asociación entre algunas variables biodemográficas y laborales, riesgos psicosociales y carga mental con la calidad de vida relacionada con salud en trabajadores de servicios de oncología de hospitales públicos chilenos. Las organizaciones deberían implementar estrategias que permitan detectar y prevenir la exposición a riesgos psicosociales y sobrecarga mental de trabajo.
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual sobre la adherencia terapéutica y conducta alimentaria en personas adultas mayores: una revisión sistemática/ Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on therapeutic adherence and eating behavior in elderly: a systematic review
Authors: Pérez-Ortiz Alejandro , Ortega-Luyando Mayaro , Mancilla-Diaz Juan Manuel , González-Celis Rangel Ana Luisa Mónica , Amaya-Hernández Adriana , Becerra-Gálvez Ana Leticia
Published: September 2022

Hasta 2014 existían 422 millones de adultos con Diabetes Mellitus en el mundo, el mayor número de casos de defunción por hiperglucemia se concentra en adultos mayores (AM) entre 60 y 69 años con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DMT2). Es por ello que el objetivo de la presente revisión fue identificar y analizar intervenciones cognitivo conductuales que modificaran parámetros psicológicos (conducta alimentaria y adherencia al medicamento), biológicos (Hemoglobina Glicosilada y colesterol) y nutriológicos (adherencia a la dieta y peso) en AM con DMT2. Se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante la estrategia de búsqueda PIO, en las bases de datos Pubmed, PsycINFO, Scopus, PsycArticles, SciELO, Dialnet y Redalyc. Se propusieron términos MeSH, palabras clave y criterios de inclusión y exclusión para la selección de los artículos. Se encontraron 4088 estudios, de los cuales, sólo 11 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Ningún estudio estuvo ajustado a la población envejecida que padece DMT2; dos estudios mejoraron la adherencia a la dieta, cuatro disminuyeron los niveles de Hemoglobina Glicosilada y uno disminuyó el colesterol HDL. Todos los estudios contaban con participantes con características heterogéneas de salud, además, pretendían que todos alcanzaran los mismos objetivos terapéuticos, lo que limitaba la efectividad del tratamiento. Los resultados indican ausencia de intervenciones ajustadas a la población adulta mayor que padece DMT2, además, los estudios no suelen considerar variables como: años de padecer la enfermedad, conducta alimentaria (patrón alimentario), funcionalidad, historial médico, comorbilidades, escolaridad, apoyo social y nivel socioeconómico.
Presentación del número monográfico de revisiones sistemáticas sobre avances de algunas áreas del ámbito de la alimentación
Authors: Camacho Ruiz Esteban Jaime
Published: September 2022

Desde su creación, hace más de una década, la Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios (RMTA) se ha caracterizado por su liderazgo en la comunicación de la ciencia en temas relacionados con la alimentación y desde entonces, se han publicado un sinnúmero de artículos que han colocado a la vanguardia a esta gran revista. En esta ocasión, es un gusto para mí presentar este número monográfico en donde la mayoría de trabajos se basan en revisiones sistemáticas que dan cuenta de una manera sintética, los avances que se han realizado en algunas áreas dentro del ámbito de la alimentación. Este número consta de ocho trabajos, laboriosamente realizados con la finalidad de poner a disposición de la comunidad académica y del público en general, información sintetizada y valiosa enfocada en incrementar nuestro conocimiento sobre tópicos de alimentación
Covid-19 Diagnosis Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: A Karthikeyan , S Nagarjuna , G Hemachandran , K Kapila Vani R.
Published: September 2022

Abstract: The COVID-19 plague is a significant pandemic that has spread to in excess of 150 nations all over the planet, influencing the wellbeing and prosperity of many individuals all over the planet. Recognition of the sickness by X-beam and Xbeam assessment on broad CT-checks is probably the quickest method for diagnosing the patient. Imaging studies showed that the CT output of a contaminated individual was fundamentally divergent for all intents and purposes, size, area, and COVID-19 contrasted with a customary CT examine. In any case, CT screening of contaminated regions is an answer for this issue when doctors are exhausted during an irresistible illness. Consequently, it is important to check COVID19 quicker with the assistance of a PC. In this paper, the most well-known brain organizations, for example, DenseNet-121, ResNet50, Inception V3 Net, and Xception were utilized to analyze COVID-19 in the dissected pictures, think about them, and show the right degree of COVID-19 discovery.
FROM CART TO LAYERED ARCHITECTURAL TRANSSHIPMENT MODEL SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES FOR ROAD FREIGHT LOGISTICS
Authors: Sophatsathit Nalinee
Published: September 2022

This study proposes a layered architecture of a transshipment model for small and medium enterprises (SME) that supports road freight logistics using rice farmers in Thailand as a case study. The rationale is three folds. First, road freight logistics transportation usually does not apply to SME. Second, existing supply chain logistics models are not appealing to SME in that SME do not have abundant resources to exploit the fullest extent of redeeming features of the models. Third, road freight logistics and transshipment are often incorporated as an integral service operation of a distribution centre to transport goods items from source to destination, which most SME cannot afford the entire service charge. The notion of layering is to make each layer transparent to one another, covering specific transshipment activities that do not overlap with adjacent layers yet keep their operating characteristics closely related. The case study of Thai rice farmers can thus operate and adjust to fit their working scenarios. Contributions of the proposed model are flexible and resilient operations that SME can benefit at less investment but more options to fall back on. Future work should emphasise on transshipment routing research and integration of the proposed model into distribution centre operations management.
MODIFIED PROMETHEE V METHOD FOR SUPPLIER PORTFOLIO SELECTION
Authors: Zapletal Frantisek , Trumic Rijad , Lenort Radim
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the problem of supplier portfolio selection where a company has to choose the best possible set of suppliers with respect to various constraints. An intuitive heuristic can suggest to use any of the methods for suppliers ranking and then to put the first one into the portfolio. If some required constraint is not met, then the second supplier according to the ranking is added, and so on, until all the constraints are satisfied. However, such approach can result in a non-optimal decision. The constraints can cause that a combination of the alternatives with lower rankings can be better, than some higher-ranked alternative from the perspective of feasibility. To build the optimization model, the authors of this paper use the PROMETHEE V method: a popular combination of multi-criteria decision making method PROMETHEE and mixed integer programming. However, it is shown that the original PROMETHEE V method, namely the logic under which an objective function is set, is not suitable here and leads to discrimination of suppliers with worse ranking. Therefore, a modification, which brings more reasonable results, is proposed in this paper. A numerical example is used to show the suitability of the proposed approach and compare the results with the original algorithm and also with one prior modification introduced by by other authors in the past. The analysis is further supported by a thorough sensitivity analysis using flexible and parametric programming.
MODERN MODELS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: TRANSFORMATION OF TARGETS, EVALUATION AND CLUSTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Al- Ababneh Hassan , Alibraheem Mohammad , Alhnaity Haitham , Alkhazali Abdel , Ibragimkhalilova Тatyana
Published: September 2022

The key goal of the study is the formation of scientific and methodological approaches to the analysis of modern models of economic development of countries. The features of the models of economic development of countries, their types and specifics are considered, the transformation of indicators of economic development of the countries of the world in the context of global imbalances and volatility is argued. It is proved that the key factor in the sustainable development of the country is economic growth, which ensures the overall well-being of both a separate industry and the country's economy as a whole. The specificity of the transformation of key indicators of the economic development of countries is considered; this served as the basis for substantiating the scientific and methodological aspects of the multidimensional cluster analysis of the target indicators of the economic development of the countries of the world. The scientific and methodological aspects of the multidimensional analysis of the transformation of the target indicators of the economic development of countries were formed, which ensured the structuring of countries into groups of economic development, taking into account the specifics of their functioning and development strategies. The application of the developed approaches based on the economic and statistical multidimensional cluster analysis and indicators of economic development of the countries of the world can be applied in practice. The developed scientific and methodological recommendations will ensure the effectiveness of the formation of economic policies and strategies for the economic development of countries.
Experimental entanglement generation for quantum key distribution beyond 1 Gbit/s
Authors: Neumann Sebastian Philipp , Selimovic Mirela , Bohmann Martin , Ursin Rupert
Published: September 2022

Top-performance sources of photonic entanglement are an indispensable resource for many applications in quantum communication, most notably quantum key distribution. However, up to now, no source has been shown to simultaneously exhibit the high pair-creation rate, broad bandwidth, excellent state fidelity, and low intrinsic loss necessary for gigabit secure key rates. In this work, we present for the first time a source of polarization-entangled photon pairs at telecommunication wavelengths that covers all these needs of real-world quantum-cryptographic applications, thus enabling unprecedented quantum-secure key rates of more than 1 Gbit/s. Our source is designed to optimally exploit state-of-the-art telecommunication equipment and detection systems. Any technological improvement of the latter would result in an even higher rate without modification of the source. We discuss the used wavelength-multiplexing approach, including its potential for multi-user quantum networks and its fundamental limitations. Our source paves the way for high-speed quantum encryption approaching present-day internet bandwidth.
Reflections of the role of Islam in the “Tawarikh-i guzida – Nusrat-name”
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Baybulatova Liliya F.
Published: September 2022

Research objectives: Based on a medieval Turkic-language manuscript, the role of the religion of Islam in various situations related to the spread of Islam and its use to justify conquests will be demonstrated. Research materials: The London copy of the manuscript “Tavarih-i Guzida – Nusrat-name” was used. Results and novelty of the research: In this article, the reflection of the role and functions of Islam in “Tavarih-i Guzida – Nusrat-name” is considered for the first time. Islam is presented in the text from different angles: as an oppressed religion that could not make itself known in the conditions of being within the framework of a stronger religion; as a peace-loving religion that provided guarantees of peace to non-believers, etc. Later on, with the spread and growth of the influence of Islam, its role becomes that of providing a justification for military attacks and territorial seizures. Taking into account the peculiarity of the work “Tavarikh-i Guzida – Nurat-name” which rests in the fact that it was written at the behest of Muhammad Sheibani Khan, Islam is generally shown in it as an instrument for control of supreme power.