bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic capacities and the influence on the innovative potential of urban hotels
Authors: García-Leonard Yureidys , Sorhegui-Ortega Rafael , Vergara-Romero Arnaldo
Published: July 2023

The irruption in the theory of intangible assets, as one of the essential resources of the contemporary organization, places innovation management at the center of organizational strategies. Several approaches are used to study innovation from a business perspective; however, the Theory of Resources and Capacities gains strength to understand the organization. It specializes in knowledge management, the dynamics approach, and the capacity for innovation. That is why this article analyzes the state of development of dynamic capabilities in hotels in the city of the destination Havana and its effect on their innovative performance. For this, the emotional capacities are defined, and the indicators to be measured are established, taking into account the particularities of the accommodation activity. As a result, it is possible to determine the state of the dynamic capacities, and the influence of these on the innovative performance of the hotels studied is analyzed. As well as the viability of the Theory of Resources and Capacities to promote innovation in hotels.
Self-Service Aversion: correlations between Experience Design and rejection of bank ATMs by some users
Authors: Cunha Rian Dutra da , Silva Rodrigo Luis de Souza da
Published: July 2023

This study addresses people’s resistance to using self-service terminals, especially bank ATMs. Many bank customers prefer seeking assistance from other people or auxiliary professionals when using an ATM. It was observed that this rejection or difficulty of use is not always directly related to bad interface designs of these self-service systems. An in-depth research was conducted, involving observation and a survey on-site at three bank branches in Brazil using the Contextual Inquiry method.The research used the contingency coefficient as a statistical method to determine the magnitude of the correlation between psychological and behavioral factors and ATM aversion.The results verified the existence of Self-service Aversion, which is the tendency of some to prefer human service instead of automated service, and is built upon four main constructs: sense of uncertainty, environment, sense of accountability, and user interface design. It was concluded that user experience is influenced by psychological and behavioral factors, such as expectations, cognition, emotion, motivation, and social context, impacting effectiveness and usability.
trama dos povos da floresta
Authors: Cardoso Ana Cláudia Duarte
Published: July 2023

Este artigo oferece uma narrativa instruída por revisão de literatura e pesquisa empírica para demonstrar que a colonização e o racismo estão ligados à cultura de desmatamento e devastação da Amazônia. Aponta, ainda, a importância que o esquecimento das pessoas e de suas espacialidades tem para as aparentes dificuldades de articulação entre o todo (a floresta) e as partes (vilas e cidades), assumidas como fragmentos que abrigam a vida cotidiana. Apresenta-se a formulação da trama dos povos da floresta como uma espacialidade nativa capaz de orientar o reencontro dos diversos campos de conhecimento com as múltiplas escalas e temporalidades entrelaçadas da região e oferecer soluções possíveis para as múltiplas crises globais já colocadas no século XXI.
On Δ Generalised Star Semi-Closed Sets in Topological Spaces
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Kalasalingam Academy of Research And Education, Krishnankoil-626 126, India,, Rajakumar S.
Published: July 2023

A modern form of sets labeled δg*s -closed sets is imported in this material. A part of utilization of δg*s -closed sets and its resources are explained. A modernistic space called δg*s-T*3/4 –space is also popularized.
The Radial Radio Number and the Clique Number of a Graph
Authors:   Associate Professor, Research Centre of Mathematics, VHN SenthikumaraNadar College, Virudhunagar, 626 001, India., Avadayappan Selvam , Bhuvaneshwari M. ,   Assistant Professor, Research Centre of Mathematics, VHN SenthikumaraNadar College, Virudhunagar, 626 001, India., Vimalajenifer S. ,   Research Scholar (F. T.), Research Centre of Mathematics, VHN SenthikumaraNadar College, Virudhunagar, 626 001, India.
Published: July 2023

Let )) G(V(G),E(G be a graph. A radial radio labeling, f, of a connected graph G is an assignment of positive integers to the vertices satisfying the following condition: d (u, v)+ | f (u) − f (v) | 1 + r(G) , for any two distinct vertices ) ( , GVv u  , where ) , ( v u d and )(Gr denote the distance between the vertices u and v and the radius of the graph G, respectively. The span of a radial radio labeling f is the largest integer in the range of f and is denoted by span(f). The radial radio number of G, r(G) , is the minimum span taken over all radial radio labelingsof G. In this paper, we construct a graph a graph for which the difference between the radial radio number and the clique number is the given non negative integer.
“When I Don’t Have Money, I Don’t Eat”: A Critical Hermeneutic Study of Diabetes in Liberia
Authors: Bleah Paulina , Rosemary Wilson  , Danielle Macdonald  , Pilar Camargo-Plazas
Published: July 2023

Diabetes is a growing public health concern in Liberia, where an estimated 2.1% of the population live with the disease. The challenges with diabetes in Liberia are enormous. Diabetes places immense socioeconomic pressure on individuals and their families and burdens an already overstretched health care system still recovering from the destructive effects of the 14-year civil war. While efforts towards rebuilding the health care system in Liberia are ongoing, people with diabetes experience significant challenges accessing social, economic, and health-care resources to manage their illness. Purpose: The goal of this critical hermeneutic study was to explore what is it like to live with diabetes in Liberia. Methods: Through purposeful sampling, 10 adults with diabetes were recruited from a publicly funded hospital in Monrovia, Liberia. Data were collected using a photovoice method, wherein participants photographed their everyday experiences of living with diabetes. Results: We identified three themes that answered the question of what is it like to live with diabetes in Liberia: living with diabetes means living with 1) food insecurity, 2) trying to access a health care system that was not built to respond to diabetes, and 3) using faith to cope and foster hope. Conclusion: The experiences of people living with diabetes in Liberia are under-researched, pointing to a gap in knowledge. The findings from this study address this gap in the literature by providing a clearer picture of the impact of diabetes on individuals and families. We provide tangible recommendations to local governments and policy makers on interventions that may improve health outcomes and quality of life for people living with diabetes in Liberia.
Emerging trends in upper-limb embedded devices: A qualitative research study
Authors: Leão Celina , Vinicius Silva  , Susana Pinto da Costa
Published: July 2023

Framework This paper explores how a qualitative systematic literature review (SLR) can contribute to our understanding of the trends in upper-limb wearable devices. These devices are pieces of electronic equipment that can be worn as accessories, such as watches, or embedded in clothing, including gloves and sleeves, and could play an essential role in subjects' quality of life after any occurrence that affects their possibility to perform basic activities autonomously. Moreover, these devices can be used to improve manual performance tasks like surgical or precision tasks, and even more so when performed under extreme ambient temperature conditions. Goals and Methods: A SLR on upper-limb embedded devices was conducted based on scientific documents retrieved from the Scopus database. Two research questions were outlined: "How has this technology been evolving?" and "What is the trend according to the fields of application?". The combination of keywords (upper-limb* AND wearable* AND device*) was used in the title, abstract, and keywords fields. Results: A total of 555 documents were obtained. Descriptive statistical and bibliometric analyses were conducted, identifying trends, knowledge gaps, and the future direction of research. The free software VOSviewer was used to construct data visualization bibliometric maps of the co-authorship and co-citation network. A subset of 26 documents was considered for the critical qualitative synthesis. This step facilitated the visualization and exploration of the interconnectedness among authors and the citation patterns within the literature. Combining the information gathered enables addressing the extent and the emerging trends in upper-limb embedded devices' development according to the field they are applied. Final considerations: With this research, a starting point in developing a proof of concept of a novel device aimed at improving dexterity in challenging environments is established.
Morphosemantic Features of Mengambil ‘Take’ in the Light Verb Constructions of Indonesian
Authors: Nugraha Danang Satria
Published: July 2023

Light verb constructions (LVCs) are the compositional form of a verb and a noun. The construction is usually denoting an idiomatic meaning. This study aimed at identifying and describing the morphosemantic feature of the verb mengambil ‘take’ in the Indonesian LVCs. This study has been done by utilizing semantics and morphology as the theoretical framework. The study data has been collected from three reputable corpora, namely LCCI, SEAlang, and KBBI. It has been done by using the UDPipe for tokenization, tagging, lemmatization, and dependency. This study's results show at least three main features of the verb mengambil, ‘take’ in the Indonesian LVCs based on the morphosemantics analysis. The three attributes are: (i) the first is regarding the verb type of ACTION, (ii) the second is about the semantic role of argument, namely AGENT of ARGUMENT-S, and (iii) the last is regarding the grammatical meaning of RESULTATIVE. It has been suggested to conduct an analysis on the other possibility of sense in Indonesian LVCs.
20 años de Instituto de Derecho Local, 20 años de Derecho local
Authors: Velasco Francisco
Published: July 2023

En los veinte años de vida del IDL-UAM, el Derecho local se muestra generalmente estable, resistente frente a las múltiples crisis de esta época. En especial, frente a la crisis financiera de 2008 y la crisis sanitaria de 2020. Esta resistencia del régimen local se observa tanto en el nivel constitucional como en el legal, y es comprobable tanto en la planta local como en la organización, las competencias y la financiación locales. La estabilidad del régimen local sin duda que aporta seguridad jurídica al conjunto del sistema institucional. Pero también está impidiendo que las entidades locales españolas respondan con más eficacia y prontitud a nuevas realidades contemporáneas.
Comunidades energéticas: desafíos jurídicos para los entes locales
Authors: Revuelta Inmaculada
Published: July 2023

Las Directivas de fomento de las energías renovables de 2018 y de mercado eléctrico de 2019 han introducido la figura de las comunidades energéticas en los mercados energéticos de la Unión Europea. Además, el Derecho europeo prevé la participación en las mismas de entes locales junto a ciudadanos o pequeñas empresas para generar energía y realizar muchas otras actividades. El trabajo analiza el marco normativo europeo e interno aplicable en la materia así como las principales cuestiones jurídicas que plantea la participación de la Administración local en dicha figura, habida cuenta de la falta de regulación de la misma en nuestro país.
Local fiscal autonomy in Toronto
Authors: Slack Enid
Published: July 2023

Local fiscal autonomy depends on the extent to which local governments rely on their own source revenues rather than intergovernmental transfers and also on their ability to set their own tax rates. Compared to other major cities around the world, Toronto appears to have a lot of local autonomy because it is less dependent on intergovernmental transfers and more reliant on property taxes and user fees. Nevertheless, its autonomy is limited by provincial government restrictions on how these taxes and fees are levied and also by the conditions imposed on federal and provincial transfers. Toronto also has fewer revenue-raising options than many other cities.
This paper describes the extent to which Toronto enjoys fiscal autonomy and evaluates the degree to which it takes advantage of the autonomy it has in setting tax rates and making other financial decisions. The paper considers some of the fiscal challenges the city now faces and some future challenges on the road ahead. It evaluates the extent to which the city can respond to these various external shocks with the resources at its disposal. It concludes that, although Toronto enjoys some local fiscal autonomy, it would benefit from having more diversified revenue sources.
This paper describes the extent to which Toronto enjoys fiscal autonomy and evaluates the degree to which it takes advantage of the autonomy it has in setting tax rates and making other financial decisions. The paper considers some of the fiscal challenges the city now faces and some future challenges on the road ahead. It evaluates the extent to which the city can respond to these various external shocks with the resources at its disposal. It concludes that, although Toronto enjoys some local fiscal autonomy, it would benefit from having more diversified revenue sources.
Über diesen Band
Authors: Hertz Helge-Fabien
Published: July 2023

Dieser Beitrag stellt den Inhalt des Bandes vor, der sich mit dem Wirken schleswig-holsteinischer Pastoren der NS-Zeit befasst. Insgesamt 16 Beiträge, untergliedert in die Abschnitte „Einführung“, und „Pastorenbiografien“,
beleuchten das Spektrum der Positionierungen evangelischer Amtsträger zum Nationalsozialismus. Gefragt wird zudem nach deren Einfluss als gesellschaftliche Multiplikatoren, die Einstellungen zum Nationalsozialismus und dessen
Ideologie in den Kirchengemeinden Schleswig-Holsteins und darüber hinaus vermittelten und förderten.
Страхование и актуарная деятельность
Authors: Дендиберя М. Ю.
Published: July 2023

Содержание учебного пособия соответствует федеральному государственному образовательному стандарту высшего профессионального образования по направлению подготовки 38.04.08 «Финансы и кредит».
Предназначено для студентов 2-го курса очно-заочной, заочной формы обучения по направлению «Финансы и кредит», дисциплина «Страхование и актуарная деятельность».
It’s less the destination and more the getting there: urban development, emergence and co-production in Galway, Ireland
Authors: Collins Patrick , Rainey Mark Justin , Strohmayer Ulf
Published: July 2023

This article presents the case for a reconceptualised form of engagement around development at a local scale within a medium-sized city. Deploying ideas gleaned from literature on emergence, the article explores how a non-teleological form of development might engage with stakeholders in an urban regeneration area. Focusing on three distinct social practices – co-production, activism and policy – the article sets out to unfold the example of Nuns’ Island in Galway, Ireland to chart a participatory form of development in the absence of previously defined goals. Honing in on ‘storytelling’ as a key cultural strategy in this process, the article concludes with a view from Europe’s West towards locally embedded urban development practices.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
Single-Valued Killing Fields of a Meromorphic Affine Connection and Classification
Authors:   Universite Clermont Auvergne, France, Garcia Alexis
Published: July 2023

We give a geometric condition on a meromorphic affine connection for its Killing vector fields to be single valued. More precisely, this condition relies on the pole of the connection and its geodesics, and defines a subcategory. To this end, we use the equivalence between these objects and meromorphic affine Cartan geometries. The proof of the previous result is then a consequence of a more general result linking the distinguished curves of meromorphic Cartan geometries, their poles and their infinitesimal automorphisms, which is the main purpose of the paper. This enables to extend the classification result from [Biswas I., Dumitrescu S., McKay B., Epijournal Geom. Algebrique 3 (2019), 19, 10 pages, arXiv:1804.08949] to the subcategory of meromorphic affine connection described before.
First case report of Cyclosporiasis from eastern India: Incidence of Cyclospora cayetanensis in a patient with unusual diarrheal symptoms
Authors: Sardar Sanjib K , Goel Gaurav , Ghosal Ajanta , Deshmukh Rasika , Bhattacharya Sanjay , Haldar Tapas , Maruf Md. Maimoon , Mahto Rajkumar , Kumar Jeevan , Bhave Saurabh J , Dutta Shanta , Ganguly Sandipan
Published: July 2023

Cyclospora cayetanensis, a recently described coccidian parasite causes severe gastroenteric disease worldwide. Limited studies are found on the incidence of C. cayetanensis infection from India; hence remains largely unknown. To date, no case of cyclosporiasis from eastern India has been reported. In this study, we described an incidental case of C. cayetanensis in a 30 years old Bengali female patient with no travel history from eastern India. In June 2022, the patient presented with a history of diarrhoea persisting for more than two months with continuous passage foul smelling stools for which she took multiple antibiotics that were ineffective. There were no Salmonella, Shigella, or Vibrio-like organisms in the patient's faecal sample, and Toxin A/B of Clostridium difficile was also not detected by ELISA. The patient was HIV-negative. Finally, UV autofluorescence and DNA-based diagnosis confirmed the presence of C. cayetanensis, and the treatment with a combination of appropriate antibiotics was successful. This case report could raise awareness about C. cayetanensis associated diarrhoeal cases in India.
Determination of chlamydial load in recurrent miscarriage in relation to some female sex hormones: a case-control study
Authors: Ray Ankita , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Arora Renu , Siraj Fouzia , Rastogi Sangita
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is a frequent cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes including recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). However, regulation of infectious load by host immune response is unknown. Female sex hormones are known to affect C. trachomatis infection. The aim of this study was to determine correlation of chlamydial infectious load and gestational age with concentration of progesterone/estrogen in RSA.
Methodology: Urine and non-heparinized blood were collected from patients with history of > 3 spontaneous abortions (n = 150, cases) and those with history of > 2 successful deliveries (n = 150, controls) from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi, India. C. trachomatis positivity was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chlamydial load by real-time PCR. Estrogen and progesterone concentrations were estimated by ELISA and correlated with chlamydial load.
Results: 22/150 case patients were positive for C. trachomatis. 2,000–10,000 copies/mL of chlamydial load were detected in infected RSA patients. Progesterone concentration showed significant decrease while estrogen concentration was significantly increased in C. trachomatis-positive RSA patients versus controls. Chlamydial load and estrogen concentration were positively correlated while progesterone concentration was negatively correlated with chlamydial load. Gestational age was positively correlated with concentration of estrogen and negatively correlated with concentration of progesterone in infected-RSA women.
Conclusions: Overall findings suggest that interplay between chlamydial copy load, hormonal changes such as increased expression of estrogen and decreased expression of progesterone, and advanced gestational age may be contributing as deciding factors for ensuing RSA during C. trachomatis-infection.
Increased burden of MDR bacterial infections; reflection from an antibiogram of ICUs of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Khan Jehan Zeb , Ismail Mohammad , Ullah Raza , Ali Waqar , Ali Iftikhar
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Infectious disease management in intensive care units (ICUs) is becoming more difficult due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the nature of pathogens mostly encountered in an ICU and determine their antibiotic susceptibility through the compilation of ICU-specific antibiogram.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study of the culture and sensitivity reports of ICU patients was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. An antibiogram was created according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M39-A4 guidelines. Results: Of the total 597 reports, the most common specimen type were respiratory secretions (n = 174), followed by blood (n = 128), wounds (n = 108), and urine (n = 80). Out of 597 isolates, the most frequently isolated bacteria were Klebsiella species (n = 156), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 117), Escherichia coli (n = 112), Enterobacter species (n = 56), Acinetobacter species (n = 52), Proteus species (n = 39), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 34) and coliform species (n = 31). An 84% multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was reported among the isolates studied, with Acinetobacter species being at the top with a 98% MDR rate.
Conclusions: A substantial and alarming MDR rate was observed in our study. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated a potential interest in developing an ICU-specific antibiogram that is informative to clinicians in their clinical decision-making related to antibiotic therapy.
Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Blood Transfusion, Injecting Drug Use, Piercing, and Tatto in Indonesia
Authors: Wardani Erika Martining , Nugroho Riezky Faisal
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still a public health problem worldwide. HIV transmission occurs through several modes of transmission. One of the intermediaries for transmission is through blood transfusions, IDU (injecting drug use) with sharing needles or not (sterile), especially among injecting drug users, as well as piercing and tattoos.
AIM: The purpose of the study was to analyze risk factors for HIV: Blood transfusion, IDU, piercing, and tatto in Indonesia.
METHODS: The research design was cross-sectional. The population of all individuals with HIV who are included in the blood transfusion, IDU, piercing, and tattoo users at the Kompeda City Surabaya Foundation is 183 people with 100 respondence using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by double linear regression test.
RESULTS: The results of multivariate analysis showed that blood transfusion (p = 0.01), injecting drug use (p = 0.00), piercing (p = 0.01), and tattoo (p = 0.01) factors significantly influenced the incidence of HIV. R Square of the five factors is 0.000.
CONCLUSION: Risk factors such as blood transfusions, injecting drug use (IDU), piercings, and tattoos are factors that cause HIV. Preventive efforts can be made to prevent HIV risk factors through education by implementing the health promotion model about HIV/AIDS as well as prevention and transmission that can suppress the spread of HIV/AIDS.
Exon-intron structure, paralogy and sequenced regions of elongation factor-1 alpha in Hexapoda
Authors: Djernæs Marie , Damgaard Jakob
Published: July 2023

Elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) is already widely used and shows even more promise for phylogenetic studies of Hexapoda. However, paralogous copies and the presence of introns pose problems. We survey exon-intron structure, presence of paralogous copies and the number and extent of sequenced regions in all hexapod orders. We assess the phylogenetic utility of the exon-intron structure of EF-1α, which is unexpectedly dynamic with widespread losses and several independent instances of intron gain. Paralogous copies of EF-1α are present in Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Neuropterida, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera. With the presented information about exon-intron structure and paralogous copies, researchers will be able to realise the full phylogenetic potential of EF-1α, including exon-intron structure as this can provide additional characters and help to define clades and paralogous copies. We recommend a suitable focus region of 500 bp for future studies of EF-1α in Hexapoda.
Silurian to Triassic plant and hexapod clades and their associations: new data, a review, and interpretations
Authors: Labandeira Conrad
Published: July 2023

A preliminary evaluation of hexapod herbivore damage from selected compression and permineralized biotas from the 220 million-year Late Silurian to Late Triassic interval has revealed many previously unknown patterns of hexapod herbivore use of vascular plants as well as detritivore and predator associations. Data was collected from 48 distinctive hexapod herbivore damage types (DTs) from 21 mostly compression biotas, but with special emphasis on the Rhynie Chert (Early Devonian, ~ 408 Ma), Calhoun Coal (Late Pennsylvanian, ~ 303 Ma) and Molteno Formation (Late Triassic, ~ 226 Ma). These data indicate a two-phase herbivore colonization of land; later expansion of hexapod functional feeding groups (FFGs) initially in the Late Pennsylvanian wetland environments of equatorial Euramerica, and subsequently in Early Permian fluvial systems in the rest of Euramerica, Gondwana, and Cathaysia; the devastating end-Permian extinction; and subsequent rebound of those same FFGs during the ensuing Triassic. Modern-aspect herbivore, detritivore, and predator FFGs are present in Late Pennsylvanian canopied forests, and the full spectrum of all terrestrial FFGs are in place during the Late Triassic. Freshwater FFGs are delayed when compared to the terrestrial record, originating during the Permian, experiencing expansion during the Triassic, and reaching modern levels of all major trophic types during the Late Jurassic. A major conclusion is the omnipresence of convergence in FFGs throughout this interval and the spatiotemporally changing and ephemeral nature of plant hosts and their hexapod herbivore taxa
DNA taxonomy: How many DNA sequences are needed for solving a taxonomic problem? The case of two parapatric species of louse flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Ornithomya Latreille, 1802)
Authors: Petersen Frederik , Damgaard Jakob , Meier Rudolf
Published: July 2023

Using molecular and morphological data, we investigate the validity of two hippoboscid species, viz. Ornithomya fringillina (Curtis) and O. chloropus (Bergroth) that are parapatric in northern Europe and had previously been synonymized. We study four morphological characters that had been proposed as diagnostic for species separation, but only one, relatively weak character (a gena marking), has discontinuous variation across the putative species. In order to collect more evidence for deciding on the species status, we sequenced an approximately 810 bp long region of COI for 13 specimens from sympatric populations. The signal from the sequences suggests that O. fringillina and O. chloropus are different species because the interspecifi c genetic distances between the taxa are twenty times larger than the intraspecifi c variability of O. fringillina. We argue that even a small number of sequences can yield signifi cant information on taxonomic issues as long as the specimens are predominantly collected for (1) those species/populations whose status is diffi cult to resolve based on morphological information and (2) those specimens that come from sympatric populations of the “problematic” species. (3) We also suggest that the status of a rare species can be adequately addressed with very few sequences as long as the intraspecifi c variability of more common, close relatives have been adequately assessed.
Cladotypic taxonomy revisited
Authors: Béthoux Olivier
Published: July 2023

New propositions are made in order to implement the cladotypic taxonomic system. The term ‘taxon’ designates metapopulation lineages that evolved from a unique metapopulation lineage. In other words, a taxon is composed of a species that experienced a cladogenesis event, and all its descendants. A new formulation for the definition of particular taxa is proposed: a taxon is a species that evolved from the (segments of) metapopulation lineage in which the character state defining character state, as exhibited by species 1 and species 2, has been acquired. An assumption on the polarity of type character states is developed in order to allow the falsifi cation of taxa defined by symplesiomorphies. It is based on a new sense given to ‘adelphospecies’ (or adelpholineage) and to the new concept of ‘amitaspecies’ (or amitalineage). The adelphospecies is understood as the closest sister-species of a taxon T to which the character involved in the definition of T is applicable. As a consequence of the definition of T, the adelphospecies exhibits a character state different from that exhibited by T. The amitaspecies is the closest sister-species of the taxon including T and its adelphospecies. The assumption of polarity takes the form: an amitaspecies can be identifi ed and, regarding the character involved in the definition, it exhibits a character state different from that exhibited by the taxon. Finally a practical version of the isolation assumption is proposed.
Revision and phylogenetic affinities of the lobeattid species bronsoni Dana, 1864 and silvatica Laurentiaux & Laurentiaux-Vieira, 1980 (Pennsylvanian Archaeorthoptera)
Authors: Béthoux Olivier
Published: July 2023

The case of the taxonomy of the insect species bronsoni Dana, 1864, yielded from the deposit of Mazon Creek (IL, USA; Westphalian, Pennsylvanian), is investigated. The species contusa Scudder, 1885, infernus Scudder, 1885, clarinervis Melander, 1903, extensa Melander, 1903, indistinctus Melander, 1903, ambulans Handlirsch, 1906, analis Handlirsch, 1906: 700, longicollis Handlirsch, 1911, lata Handlirsch, 1911, elatior Handlirsch, 1911, schucherti Handlirsch, 1911, acutipennis Handlirsch, 1911, parvula Handlirsch, 1911, and angusta Handlirsch, 1911 are considered as junior synonyms of bronsoni. A neotype is designated for this species. The species bronsoni and silvatica Laurentiaux & Laurentiaux-Vieira, 1980 (yielded from the North Coal Basin, France; Westphalian, Pennsylvanian) share the character state ‘in forewings, CuPa fuses with M + CuA’. This character state is used for defining the taxon Miamia nom. DANA 1864, nov. dis.-typ. under cladotypic taxonomy. It is demonstrated that bronsoni and silvatica belong to the taxon Archaeorthoptera nom. Béthoux & Nel, 2002a, dis.-typ. Béthoux 2007e. In particular, these species are closely related to lobeattid insects such as schneideri Béthoux, 2005, a new specimen of which is illustrated. The species bronsoni appears to be one of the most frequent insect species of the Mazon Creek entomofauna.
The Circulatory System in Malacostraca - Evaluating Character Evolution on the Basis of Differing Phylogenetic Hypotheses
Authors: Wirkner Christian
Published: July 2023

The circulatory system is one of the major organ systems in Malacostraca. As no consensus on malacostracan phylogeny exists it becomes necessary to evaluate different phylogenetic hypotheses for their impact on circulatory system evolution. Four prevailing hypotheses were therefore used to map different circulatory system characters. The comparison shows that the length of the heart, i.e. the position of the anterior and posterior borders of the heart, changed extensively within malacostracan taxa. However, a general back shift of at least the anterior border from more anterior positions is feasible. A pattern of ostial evolution is not discernable as both an increase and a decrease in the number of pairs of ostia took place. A segmental arrangement is seen as the plesiomorphic condition. Cardiac artery patterns, i.e. the spatial arrangement of cardiac arteries along the heart, changed within malacostracans from a pattern of segmentally arranged arteries to localized patterns. A descending artery, a mostly unpaired artery in the posterior thorax connecting the dorsal and the ventral vessel, evolved only once within Malacostraca. In a second step the general plausibility of the four alternative hypotheses in the explanation of circulatory system characters was evaluated through the calculation of homoplasy indices (HI). A comparison of HI values challenges the only molecular phylogeny compared, while all other morphology-based hypotheses perform almost equally well.
Structural features of eggs of the basal phasmatodean Timema monikensis Vickery & Sandoval, 1998 (Insecta: Phasmatodea: Timematidae)
Authors: Jintsu Yoshie , Uchifune Toshiki , Machida Ryuichiro
Published: July 2023

Structural features of the eggs of a basal phasmatodean, Timema monikensis Vickery & Sandoval, 1998 (Timematidae) were examined. The eggs of this species are soft and deposited coated with soil and/or other extraneous particles. The chorion, which is transparent and weakly sclerotized, is composed of an endochorion and an exochorion. The non-inclined operculum is located at the anterior pole of the egg. The chorion in the marginal region of the operculum is thinned to form an opercular collar together with the chorion of the egg body. An inverted triangular micropylar plate is on the ventral side of the egg attached to the opercular collar. The micropylar plate is without external differentiations but is specialized inside the chorion. A single micropyle, with a simple funnel-shaped chorionic opening, occurs on either side of the micropylar plate. The posterior mound, located at the posterior pole, is a thickened chorion rich in fine vertical striations, and the serosal cuticle beneath is thickened and highly specialized. The eggs of Timematidae were characterized and compared with those of Euphasmatodea and Embioptera. A phylogenetic discussion is presented, strongly supporting the assemblage of Timematodea, Euphasmatodea and Embioptera as monophyletic.
A method for improving DNA yield from older specimens of large Lepidoptera while minimizing damage to external and internal abdominal characters
Authors: Hundsdoerfer Anna , Kitching Ian
Published: July 2023

The external and internal genitalia of Lepidoptera have long provided a wealth of taxonomic and phylogenetic characters. However, traditional genitalia preparation techniques destroy both DNA, which is increasingly being used in Lepidoptera phylogenetics and species discrimination, and the scale pattern of the abdomen. In this paper, we describe a procedure for extracting both DNA for sequence analysis and genitalia from large Lepidoptera while retaining the surface scaling of the abdomen and, by permitting reattachment of the empty but still scaled abdomen, the general appearance of the specimens. Specimens both before and after the procedure has been undertaken are illustrated.
In search of the sister group of the true lice: A systematic review of booklice and their relatives, with an updated checklist of Liposcelididae (Insecta: Psocodea)
Authors: Yoshizawa Kazunori , Lienhard Charles
Published: July 2023

The taxonomy, fossil record, phylogeny, and systematic placement of the booklouse family Liposcelididae (Insecta: Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’) were reviewed. An apterous specimen from lower Eocene, erroneously identified as Embidopsocus eocenicus Nel et al., 2004 in the literature, is recognized here as an unidentified species of Liposcelis Motschulsky, 1852. It represents the oldest fossil of the genus. Phylogenetic relationships within the family presented in the recent literature were re-analyzed, based on a revised data matrix. The resulting tree was generally in agreement with that originally published, but the most basal dichotomy between the fossil taxon Cretoscelis Grimaldi & Engel, 2006 and the rest of the Liposcelididae was not supported. Monophyly of Liposcelis with respect to Troglotroctes Lienhard, 1996 is highly questionable, but the latter genus is retained because of lack of conclusive evidence. Paraphyly of Psocoptera (i.e., closer relationship between Liposcelididae and parasitic lice) is now well established, based on both morphological and molecular data. Monophyly of Phthiraptera is questionable, but support for the ‘Polyphyly of Lice Hypothesis’ is still not definitive. A checklist of valid names of all presently recognized Liposcelididae taxa (10 genera, 200 species) is also included with information on their geographical distribution. Because monophyly of the subfamily Embidopsocinae is highly questionable, we list the genera alphabetically without adopting the usual subdivision into two subfamies.
A new genus of Osoriinae in the Neotropical Region with a cladistic analysis of the tribe Thoracophorini (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Authors: Irmler Ulrich
Published: July 2023

The new genus Arborilispinus from the Neotropical region is described. Although further undescribed species of this genus exist in South America, only two species, A. longulus and A. mirabilis, are here described based on male specimens from the Brazilian and Peruvian Amazon rainforest. According to the tarsal formula 4,4,4, Arborilispinus should be placed in the subtribe Glyptomina of the tribe Thoracophorini. A morphology-based cladistic analysis, however, contradicts the existing classification of Thoracophorini into subtribes. Alternative systematic relationships among the Neotropical genera of Glyptomina and Thoracophorina suggested by the cladistic analysis are discussed.
The morphology and evolution of the adult head of Adephaga (Insecta: Coleoptera)
Authors: Dressler Carina , Beutel Rolf
Published: July 2023

The adult head of representatives of different adephagan families – aquatic, semiaquatic and terrestrial – were examined and compared. External and internal structures were described and documented in detail for the genera Trachypachus (Trachypachidae), Haliplus (Haliplidae), Amphizoa (Amphizoidae) and the recently discovered Aspidytes (Aspidytidae). A list of characters of potential phylogenetic relevance was compiled and the data matrix combined with the large data set of thoracic and abdominal features for different life stages. The cladistic analysis of this comprehensive data matrix of 138 characters for 16 taxa covering all adephagan families led to one most parsimonous tree. The monophyly of the Geadephaga (Trachypachidae + Carabidae) is strongly supported. The Gyrinidae are the sistergroup of all remaining adephagan beetles. The Meruidae are sister to the Dytiscoidea and both together form the sistergroup of the Haliplidae. The sistergroup relationship of Aspidytidae and Amphizoidae is confirmed. The placement of Meruidae is impeded by the lack of larval characters. It may change when information on structural features of immature stages becomes available. The Trachypachidae, a small relict family with its greatest diversity and distribution in the early Mesozoic, probably come close to the last common ancestor of the Adephaga in the structural features of the adult head. They share structural similarities with the aquatic Dytiscoidea and the terrestrial Carabidae. It is hypothesized that the common ancestor of Adephaga had a relatively unspecialised head morphology and was a predator, possibly with a preference for a riparian habitat. Adaptations for an aquatic environment evolved at least two times and possibly even three times independently. Within these lineages a great diversity of different life styles developed such as the highly specialised surface gliding Gyrinidae, the hygropetric Aspidytidae, the strongly miniaturised Meruidae or the algophagous Haliplidae.
Review of the genus Micropoltys (Chelicerata: Araneae: Araneidae)
Authors: Smith Helen , Levi Herbert
Published: July 2023

The araneid genus Micropoltys Kulczyński, 1911 was originally described based on a single female specimen from western New Guinea. Three new species of the genus are reported here, M. baitetensis from eastern New Guinea, M. debakkeri from New Guinea and Cape York, and M. heatherae from north-eastern Australia and islands in the Torres Strait. No further specimens of Micropoltys placenta, the type species, have been discovered and this species is redescribed from the type female. Phylogenetic relationships of Micropoltys are briefly discussed.
The phylogenetic and geographic limits of Leptodirini (Insecta: Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae), with a description of Sciaphyes shestakovi sp.n. from the Russian Far East
Authors: Fresneda Javier , Grebennikov Vasily , Ribera Ignacio
Published: July 2023

The tribe Leptodirini of the beetle family Leiodidae is one of the most diverse radiations of cave animals, with a distribution centred north of the Mediterranean basin from the Iberian Peninsula to Iran. Six genera outside this core area, most notably Platycholeus Horn, 1880 in the western United States and others in East Asia, have been assumed to be related to Leptodirini. We studied recently collected specimens of three of these extraterritorial genera, namely Platycholeus, Fusi Perkovsky, 1989 and Sciaphyes Jeannel, 1910, and establish their phylogenetic relationships by analysing a combination of ca. 5 Kb of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences with Bayesian Probability and Maximum Likelihood methods. Our results corroborate the previously proposed hypothesis that Platycholeus is the sister group of the remaining Leptodirini, with an estimated age of vicariant separation compatible with the breaking of the Thulean bridge between the Nearctic and the Western Palaearctic in the Early Eocene. We refute close relationship of either Fusi or Sciaphyes to Leptodirini, with the former genus appearing more closely related to Cholevini, and the latter to Anemadini and warranting a separate tribe, Sciaphyini, in agreement with recent treatments. This phylogenetic position of Sciaphyes is in agreement with a parsimony analysis of 28 morphological characters of a representative sample of Cholevinae subgroups. We describe one of the studied Sciaphyes species as S. shestakovi sp. n. and indicate its remarkable morphological differences from its congeners. We hypothesise that the remaining three extraterritorial monotypic genera of “Leptodirini”, namely Proleptodirina Perkovsky, 1998, Sinobathyscia Perreau, 1999 and Coreobathyscia Szymczakowski, 1975 are unlikely to be closely related to the tribe, which probably has its easternmost geographical limits at Zagros and Alborz (= Elburz) mountains in Iran.
Grylloptera - a unique origin of the stridulatory fi le in katydids, crickets, and their kin (Archaeorthoptera)
Authors: Béthoux Olivier
Published: July 2023

Topographic homology conjectures (= THCs) of male forewing venation in extant ensiferan orthopterans (crickets, katydids, and their kin) and their close stem-relatives are re-evaluated, in order to test competing hypotheses on the origin(s) of the fi le (a row of teeth located on the ventral side of the forewing and used in stridulation). A new set of THCs (= STHC) is proposed, based on morphological data on the species †zeuneri Sharov, 1968, obscura Walker, 1869, monstrosa Uhler, 1864, †madygenicus Sharov, 1968: p. 181, grandidieri de Saussure, 1877: p. 287, bimaculatus de Geer, 1773, villosiceps Chopard, 1951, frontalis Walker, 1869, gryllotalpa Linnaeus, 1758, vicinus Scudder, 1869, and cantans Fuesslin, 1775. This STHC is compared to that proposed by Desutter-Grandcolas (2003) and is found to require a smaller amount of transformation to explain the observed morphologies. The favoured STHC implies that the stridulatory fi le is located along the same vein in all scrutinized taxa (viz. CuPb). Current phylogenetic hypotheses cannot rule out that the fi le was acquired once only. Furthermore, multiple losses explain the observed distribution more plausibly than multiple acquisitions of a complex structure. A new type of wing venation transformation is evidenced, referred to as tracheal un-capture. It involves a vein abandoning its usual course for another, and leaving a remnant of its previous course, in the form of a cross-vein-like structure (‘phantom vein’). The taxon Grylloptera is defined under cladotypic nomenclature, and is the lineage in which the character state ‘on ventral side, right and/or left forewings with a row of teeth (‘fi le’) located along CuPb’, as exhibited by viridissimus Linnaeus, 1758: p. 430 and campestris Linnaeus, 1758: p. 428, has been acquired. Type material is designated.
The phylogeny of the Neuropterida: long lasting and current controversies and challenges (Insecta: Endopterygota)
Authors: Aspöck Ulrike , Haring Elisabeth , Aspöck Horst
Published: July 2023

Despite numerous efforts to establish a sound phylogeny of Neuropterida and to trace their position within the tree of Endopterygota these questions up to now still appear far from being solved. The evidence for the sister group relationships among the three orders of Neuropterida is contradictory (i.e., Raphidioptera as sister group of Megaloptera + Neuroptera versus Neuroptera as sister group of Megaloptera + Raphidioptera) and recently even the monophyly of Megaloptera was challenged. Also the phylogenetic relationships among neuropteran families deduced from various studies differ basically in all aspects concerning the number and composition of suborders as well as the basal dichotomies. The morphology based division of Neuroptera into the three suborders Nevrorthiformia, Myrmeleontiformia and Hemerobiiformia with the latter two being sister groups is not recovered by molecular but also some morphology based analyses – as all of them lack monophyletic Hemerobiiformia. Possible methodological problems contributing to this lack of unambiguous resolution of the phylogeny of Neuropterida are sequence saturation, lack of information in DNA marker sequences, incomplete taxon sampling and data matrices, as well as – concerning morphological characters – convergence and interpretation of ambiguous character polarity. The phylogenetic relationships of Neuropterida and their position within Endopterygota are of interest with respect to the reconstruction of character evolution and the evolution of life styles of the larvae (terrestrial in Raphidioptera, aquatic in Megaloptera and in two families of Neuroptera).
Uropods of Eumalacostraca (Crustacea s.l.: Malacostraca) and their phylogenetic significance
Authors: Kutschera Verena , Maas Andreas , Waloszek Dieter
Published: July 2023

The uropods are the specialised sixth pair of pleopods of eumalacostracan Crustacea. Their quite variable morphology is suggestive of a good potential as a phylogenetic signal. Because uropods have hitherto been neglected in analyses of malacostracan phylogeny, we examined them in 11 representative species of Eumalacostraca and the sixth pleopods of a phyllocarid malacostracan for outgroup comparison. Uropods have apparently evolved in the stem species of Eumalacostraca, possibly being leaf-shaped in the ground-pattern state but already with stabilising carinae along their surface and marginal setae enlarging the effective surface of the rami. Functionally, uropods aid in locomotion and, within the taxon Caridoida, also add to the special tail-flip mechanism. From an original leaf-shaped design in adaptation to different functions and lifestyles uropods may have become rod-shaped, as in Bathynellacea, Cumacea and Amphipoda, but independently so in the first taxon, while this shape might have developed in a common stem species of the latter two, inter alia. Among the taxa that have retained the leaf shape, mysidacean uropods possess a basipod that is drawn out medio-proximally into an outgrowth; Lophogastrida have a triangular median keel there. The uropods of both Euphausiacea and Decapoda also have a laterodistal prolongation, while those of Decapoda are special in bearing a longitudinal median keel on their basipod. All these differences appear to be exclusive to the respective higher taxa, demonstrating the value of uropods, and pleonal structures in general, for phylogenetic considerations.