bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialog Interfaith sebagai Jembatan Penginjilan: Studi Komparasi Paul F. Knitter dan Harold A. Netland
Authors: Hulu Bedali
Published: July 2021

Pluralisme agama bukanlah sebuah hambatan bagi penginjilan dan juga dalam membangun kerjasama sosial antar umat beragama. Pemahaman kaum pluralisme agama yang mendaulat kerajaan Allah  (Paul F. Knitter) dengan mendistorsi finalitas Kristus sebagai model misi di era pluralisme agama justru dapat menimbulkan jurang dangkal dan sikap ambigu dalam membangun kerjasama antar umat beragama. Kerjasama sosial antar umat beragama secara prinsip semestinya dapat menjadi bingkai positif  tanpa mendistorsi keunikan dari keyakinan masing-masing agama yang ada. Dialog seharusnya dibangun berdasarkan keunikan masing-masing agama yang ada. Sehingga perbedaan menjadi warna tersendiri yang menambah khasanah keindahan sebuah kemajemukan.Melalui dialog, setiap orang terbuka dengan keyakinan agama lain dan menghargainya tanpa menghianti keyakinan agamanya sendiri (Harold A. Netland). Dialog menjadi menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam menjalankan misi Allah sebagai jembata penginjilan ditengah dunia yang beragam
Ҳарбий хизматчиларни ижтимоий ҳимоялаш - Миллий Гвардия фаолиятида долзарб масала
Authors: Газиев Шахрух
Published: July 2021

Ушбу мақола Миллий гвардия тизимидаижтимоий ҳимоя долзарб масалалардан бири эканлигини илмий ўрганишгабағишланиб, унда ҳарбий хизматчиларни ижтимоий муҳофазалашнингзарурати ва қонунчилик асослари тадқиқ қилинган, қонунчиликка таклифлар ишлаб чиқилган.
Патогенетические основы формирования тромбофилических состояний у пациентов хронической обструктивной болезнью легких
Authors: Абдуганиева Э. А. , Ливерко И.В
Published: July 2021

Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких является одной из наиболее распространенных неинфекционных заболеваний в мире. В статье авторами проведен аналитический обзор литературных данных обосновывающих развитие тромботических осложнений на фоне данной патологии. Авторы приводят в аргумент несколько механизмов и их роль в развитии тромботических осложнений при хронической обструктивной болезни легких, таких как гипоксия, системное воспаление, оксидативный стресс, курение, которые могут приводить к активизации коагуляционной системы организма. Также, в статье приведена информация о коморбидной патологии, и ее роли в развитии гиперкоагуляционных осложнений при хронической обструктивной болезни легких.
Люсьен Керен ўзбек олими нигоҳида
Authors: Юсупов Эргаш
Published: July 2021

Мақолада француз ва узбек олимлари томонидан Амир Темур ва Темурийлар тарихшунослиги мактабида янгитдан яратилган асарлар тақриз қилинади.
Юридик тилда лексик меъёрлар
Authors: Якубовна Гулнора
Published: July 2021

Мазкур мақолада юридик лексика, юридик тил терминологияси, бундаги долзарб муаммолар, юридик матнлардаги баъзи лексик нуқсонлар, таржимачилик соҳасида айрим камчиликлар, ёзма нутқда сўз қўллаш принциплари хусусида фикр юритилади. Шунингдек, расмий услуб учун ўта муҳим ҳисобланган сўз қўллаш меъёрлари, матнларда лексема вариантларидан ҳамма учун тушунарли бўлган  кўринишини танлаб олиш ва тўғри ёзиш, юридик тушунча тил қодалари асосида ёритилиши каби масалаларга ҳам эътибор қаратилган
Chizmalarga o‘lcham qo‘yishda yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan tipik xatolar va ularning oldini olish omillari
Authors: Ashirbaev Azim
Published: July 2021

Mazkur maqolada detalni tayyorlash va nazorat qilishda uning o‘lchamlarini to‘g‘ri qo‘yish va yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan tipik xatolarning oldini olishga qaratilgan.
Жоду ва соҳир кўзлар
Authors: Норқулова Шаҳноза
Published: July 2021

Мақолада Кашмир ва Бобил жоду ҳамда сеҳргар кўзлари, шунингдек, бу анъананинг аста - секин бошқа халқлар номи ила  вобасталиги воқеалари ёритилган. Ана шу ташбиҳларни шарҳлаш учун қатор туркигўй шоирлардан мисоллар келтириб, уларда тасвирини топган кўз тимсоли атрофлича ёритилади.
Applications of Chitosan Based Schiff bases and its Complexes – A Review
Authors: Nair Veena R , Jacob Meera , Joseph Texin , Varkey Jaya T
Published: July 2021

Chitosan, a natural polysaccharides biopolymer is a versatile and promising biomaterial. Chitosan metal complexes stand out in their applicability in different research fields due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Presence of primary aliphatic amino group along the polymer chain allows for a variety of chemical modifications, of which the most significant is imine functionalization. The ability to easily perform complexation between chitosan Schiff bases and metal ions results in metal complexes, enhancing its application, resulting in further innovation in various fields. The most recent advances of chitosan Schiff base complexes in various fields, including biomedical, catalysis, environmental, and adsorption are summarised in this review.
Sistema de proteção do trabalho e do trabalhador da Educação Física: porque somos contra a regulamentação da profissão
Authors: Taffarel Celi Nelza Zulke , Hack Cássia , Morschbacher Márcia , Luz Sidnéia Flores
Published: July 2021

O texto problematiza a atuação do Conselho Federal de Educação Física e seus Conselhos Regionais de Educação Física (CONFEF/CREF) na defesa dos trabalhadores(as) da Educação Física (EF). Parte de duas perguntas: O que é a Ação de Inconstitucionalidade (ADIn) nº 3.428/2005, sua origem, seu desenvolvimento e seu estágio atual; o que é o CONFEF/CREF e sua (in)capacidade de proteger os trabalhadores(as)? Objetiva subsidiar as posições do Movimento Nacional Contra a Regulamentação do Profissional de Educação Física (MNCR), fortalecer a luta sindical, contribuir com o Movimento Sindical em Defesa do Sistema de Proteção do Trabalho e dos(as) Trabalhadores(as). Como procedimentos de investigação valemo-nos da análise documental. Demonstra que esta ADIn procede, tem respaldo constitucional e que a atuação do CONFEF/CREF não lhe concede prerrogativas que permita proteger os trabalhadores(as). Conclui pela defesa organizada do Sistema de Proteção do Trabalho e do(a) Trabalhador(a) da Educação Física a partir das organizações, considerando que a luta pelos direitos é de interesse público, porque dizem respeito à vida dos(as) trabalhadores(as).
Molecular phylogeny of cave dwelling Eremogryllodes crickets (Orthoptera, Myrmecophilidae) across Zagros Mountains and Southern Iran
Authors: Tahami Mohadeseh Sadat , Hojat-Ansari Mina , Namyatova Anna , Sadeghi Saber
Published: July 2021

Recently, several new species and subspecies from the genus Eremogryllodes Chopard, 1929 (Insecta: Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae) inhabiting caves of Iran, have been described based on morphology. The high variation of genitalia structure along with high similarity of external morphology between populations hamper the precise species identification. Thus, molecular approaches are critical to determine the taxonomic positions of species/subspecies of this genus. Here we provide the molecular phylogeny, based on the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene, of recently described species of Eremogryllodes along with some unidentified specimens from the same region. The results support the monophyly of the family Myrmecophilidae. The topology of the 16S rRNA tree did not completely support the five morpho-species. The three main recovered clades mainly grouped specimens by their geographical locations. Our study suggests the possibility of more than one species in one cave and the presence of cryptic species among cave dwelling crickets, based on the 16S rRNA marker.
CONTRIBUTION TO A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF LAVATERA MARITIMA IN THE LITTORAL (MARSA BEN M’HIDI) OF TLEMCEN REGION OF ALGERIA
Authors: Sarra Ghalem , Faiçal Hassani , Sarah Bouayad Ibtissam
Published: July 2021

This work is devoted to a morphological study of Lavatera maritima in Marsa ben m’hidi region. Results are obtained on the morpho-metric and ecological aspect. To better understand the adaptation of Lavatera maritima a morpho-metric study is required. The morphometric study deals with two main parts : morphological measurments supported by single controlled (ANOVA 1et 2), to assess the impact of the station on the growth in length of the stems and the size of the tufts of Lavatera maritima and even of the exhibition on the growth of this species.
ACTORS AFFECTING THE PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT OF THE MELLI BANK’S LOANS IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN NORTH, SOUTH AND RAZAVI KHORASAN PROVINCES IN IRAN
Authors: . JavidKarimzadeh , Mahmoud SabouhiSaboun , Mohammadi Hossein , Mahmoud DaneshvarKakhk , Ghorbani Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Considering that the problem of non-payment on time and default of facilities in the banking system has been increasing in recent years and the above issue causes credit risk in the banking system, Therefore, in order to manage credit risk and select customers with lower risk, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that increase the probability of default. In this study, seven characteristics of borrowers in four groups, which are the group of timely payers of facilities, the group with past due facilities, the group with deferred facilities and the group with doubtful facilities have been examined. In this regard, the sequential logit model has been used. The results of the sequential logit model show that increasing interest and penalties for defaulting facilities reduces the probability of timely payment of facilities and decreasing profits and penalties for defaulting facilities increases the probability of timely payment of facilities. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to improve the situation of banks’ claims, the Central Bank and the Ministry of Economy, at the same time as reducing inflation, reduce the facility rate in order to reduce the bank’s overdue claims
MODELO DE PRESTAÇÃO DE SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS MUNICIPAIS CONECTADOS POR MEIO DA INTERNET DAS COISAS NO CONTEXTO DA CIDADE DIGITAL ESTRATÉGICA
Authors: From Danieli Aparecida , Rezende Denis Alcides
Published: July 2021

As cidades requerem o uso da tecnologia da informação e uma prestação adequada de serviços públicos municipais, o que pode ser ampliado num ambiente de conectividade. O objetivo é propor um modelo de prestação de serviços públicos municipais conectados por meio da internet das coisas no contexto da cidade digital estratégica. A metodologia da pesquisa enfatiza a teoria de modelos. O modelo original proposto tem como base 4 modelos antecessores e 3 temas correlatos, contempla três constructos, 8 subconstructos e 19 variáveis. A conclusão reitera que o uso da internet das coisas na prestação de serviços públicos possibilita a aplicabilidade do modelo proposto em cidades permitindo aos gestores públicos a efetividade na gestão municipal e, ainda, a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos.
Technical note: Quality assessment of ozone reanalysis products over subarctic Europe for biome modeling and ozone risk mapping
Authors: Falk Stefanie , Vollsnes Ane Victoria , Eriksen Aud , Stordal Frode , Koren Berntsen Terje
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We assess the quality of regional or global ozone reanalysis data for biome modeling and ozone (O3) risk mapping over subarctic Europe where monitoring is sparse. Reanalysis data can be subject to systematic errors originating from, e.g., quality of assimilated data, distribution and strength of precursor sources, incomprehensive atmospheric chemistry or land-atmosphere exchange, and spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we evaluate three selected global and regional ozone reanalysis products. Our analysis suggests that global reanalysis products do not reproduce observed ground-level ozone well in the subarctic region. Only the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Regional Air Quality (CAMSRAQ) reanalysis ensemble sufficiently captures the observed seasonal cycle. We computed the root mean square error (RMSE) by season. The RMSE variation between (2.6–6.6) ppb suggests inherent challenges even for the best reanalysis product (CAMSRAQ). O3 concentrations in the region are systematically underestimated by (2–6) ppb compared to the tropospheric background ozone concentrations derived from observations. Furthermore, we explore the suitability of the CAMSRAQ for gap-filling at one site in northern Norway with a long-term record but not belonging to the observational network. We devise a reconstruction method based on Reynolds decomposition and adhere to recommendations by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) convention. The thus reconstructed data for two weeks in July 2018 are compared with CAMSRAQ evaluated at the nearest neighboring grid point. Our reconstruction method performs better (78 % accuracy) than CAMSRAQ (73 % accuracy) but diurnal extremes are underestimated by both.
Quantitative assessment of changes in surface particulate matter concentrations and precursor emissions over China during the COVID-19 pandemic and their implications for Chinese economic activity
Authors: Kim Hyun Cheol , Kim Soontae , Cohen Mark , Bae Changhan , Lee Dasom , Saylor Rick , Bae Minah , Kim Eunhye , Kim Byeong-Uk , Yoon Jin-Ho , Stein Ariel
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Sixty days after the lockdown of Hubei Province, where the coronavirus was first reported, China's true recovery from the pandemic remained an outstanding question. This study investigates how human activity changed during this period using observations of surface pollutants. By combining
surface data with a three-dimensional chemistry model, the impacts of meteorological variations and variations in yearly emission control are
minimized, demonstrating how pollutant levels over China changed before and after the Lunar New Year from 2017 to 2020. The results show that the
reduction in NO2 concentrations, an indicator of emissions in the transportation sector, was clearly greater and longer in 2020 than in
normal years and started to recover after 15 February. By contrast, PM2.5 emissions had not yet recovered by the end of March, showing a reduction of around 30 % compared with normal years. SO2 emissions were not affected significantly by the pandemic. An additional model study using a top–down emission adjustment still confirms a reduction of around 25 % in unknown surface PM2.5 emissions over the same period, even after realistically updating SO2 and NOx emissions. This evidence suggests that different economic sectors in China may be recovering at different rates, with the fastest recovery in transportation and a slower recovery likely in agriculture. The apparent difference between the recovery timelines of NO2 and PM2.5 implies that monitoring a single pollutant alone (e.g., NOx emissions) is insufficient to draw conclusions on the overall recovery of the Chinese economy.
Ubiquity of human-induced changes in climate variability
Authors: Rodgers Keith B. , Lee Sun-Seon , Rosenbloom Nan , Timmermann Axel , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Deser Clara , Edwards Jim , Kim Ji-Eun , Simpson Isla , Stein Karl , Stuecker Malte F. , Yamaguchi Ryohei , Bodai Tamas , Chung Eui-Seok , Huang Lei , Kim Who , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Lombardozzi Danica , Wieder William R. , Yeager Stephen G.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. While climate change mitigation targets necessarily concern maximum mean state change, understanding impacts and developing adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on how climate variability responds to increasing anthropogenic perturbations. Thus far Earth system modeling efforts have primarily focused on projected mean state changes and the sensitivity of specific modes of climate variability, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. However, our knowledge of forced changes in the overall spectrum of climate variability and higher order statistics is relatively limited. Here we present a new 100-member large ensemble of climate change projections conducted with the Community Earth System Model version 2 to examine the sensitivity of internal climate fluctuations to greenhouse warming. Our unprecedented simulations reveal that changes in variability, considered broadly in terms of probability, distribution, amplitude, frequency, phasing, and patterns, are ubiquitous and span a wide range of physical and ecosystem variables across many spatial and temporal scales. Greenhouse warming will in particular alter variance spectra of Earth system variables that are characterized by non-Gaussian probability distributions, such as rainfall, primary production, or fire occurrence. Our modeling results have important implications for climate adaptation efforts, resource management, seasonal predictions, and for assessing potential stressors for terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
GCAM-USA v5.3_water_dispatch: Integrated modeling of subnational U.S. energy, water, and land systems within a global framework
Authors: Binsted Matthew , Iyer Gokul , Patel Pralit , Graham Neal , Ou Yang , Khan Zarrar , Kholod Nazar , Narayan Kanishka , Hejazi Mohamad , Kim Son , Calvin Katherine , Wise Marshall
Published: July 2021

Abstract. This paper describes GCAM-USA v5.3_water_dispatch, an open source model that represents key interactions across economic, energy, water, and land systems in a consistent global framework, with subnational detail in the United States. GCAM-USA divides the world into 31 geopolitical regions outside the United States (U.S.) and represents the U.S. economic and energy systems in 51 state-level regions (50 states plus the District of Columbia). The model also includes 235 water basins and 384 land-use regions; 23 of each fall at least partially within the United States. GCAM-USA offers a level of process and temporal resolution rare for models of its class and scope, including detailed subnational representation of U.S. water demands and supplies and sub-annual operations (day/night for each month) in the U.S. electric power sector. GCAM-USA can be used to explore how changes in socioeconomic drivers, technological progress, or policy impact demands for, and production of, energy, water, and crops at a subnational level in the United States, while maintaining consistency with broader national and international conditions. This paper describes GCAM-USA’s structure, inputs, and outputs, with emphasis on new model features. Four illustrative scenarios encompassing varying socioeconomic and energy system futures are used to explore subnational changes in energy, water, and land-use outcomes. We conclude with information about how public users can access the model.
Controls of seasonality and altitude on generation of leaf water isotopes
Authors: Liu Jinzhao , Wu Huawu , Zhang Haiwei , Peng Guoqiang , Jiang Chong , Zhao Ying , Hu Jing
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) of leaf water which bridges between hydrological processes and plant-derived organic materials that vary spatially and temporally. It is crucially critical to study what controls the δ18O and δ2H values of leaf water for a wide range of applications. Here, we repeatedly sampled soil water, stem water, and leaf water along an elevation transect across seasons on the Chinese Loess Plateau, and analyzed the variations of in the δ18O and δ2H values from precipitation, soil water, stem water, and ultimate leaf water. We found a consistency in the δ18O and δ2H values from in precipitation, soil water, stem water, and leaf water across seasons. , indicating that leaf water can record well the isotopic signals of precipitation well. Importantly, leaf water isotope lines are were generated by the first-order control of source water (soil water and precipitation) associated with seasonality and altitude, and as well as the secondary control of hydroclimate and biochemical factors resulting in weak correlations of the δ18O and δ2H values in leaf water. This study is helpful to better understandimproves our understanding of the generation of leaf water isotopes.
A combined use of in situ and satellite-derived observations to characterize surface hydrology and its variability in the Congo River Basin
Authors: Kitambo Benjamin , Papa Fabrice , Paris Adrien , Tshimanga Raphael , Calmant Stephane , Fleischmann Ayan Santos , Frappart Frederic , Becker Melanie , Tourian Mohammad J. , Prigent Catherine , Andriambeloson Johary
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The Congo River Basin (CRB) is the second largest river system in the world, but its hydroclimatic characteristics remain relatively poorly known. Here, we jointly analyze a large record of in situ and satellite-derived observations, including long term time series of Surface Water Height (SWH) from radar altimetry (a total of 2,311 virtual stations) and surface water extent (SWE) from a multi-satellite technique to better characterize CRB surface hydrology and its variability. Firstly, we show that SWH from radar altimetry multi-missions agree well with in situ water stage at various locations, with root mean square deviation varying from 10 cm (with Sentinel-3A) to 75 cm (with European Remote Sensing-2). SWE from multi-satellite observations also shows a good behavior over a ~25-year period against in situ observations from sub-basin to basin scale. Both datasets help to better characterize the large spatial and temporal variability of hydrological patterns across the basin, with SWH exhibiting annual amplitude of more than 5 m in the northern sub-basins while Congo main-stream and Cuvette Centrale tributaries vary in smaller proportions (1.5 m to 4.5 m). Furthermore, SWH and SWE help better illustrate the spatial distribution and different timings of the CRB annual flood dynamic and how each sub-basin and tributary contribute to the hydrological regime at the outlet of the basin (the Brazzaville/Kinshasa station), including its peculiar bi-modal pattern. Across the basin, we jointly use SWH and SWE to estimate time lag and water travel time to reach the Brazzaville/Kinshasa station, ranging from 0–1 month in its vicinity downstream the basin up to 3 months in remote areas and small tributaries. Northern sub-basins and the central Congo region highly contribute to the large peak in December–January while the southern part of the basin supplies water to both hydrological peaks, in particular to the moderate one in April–May. The results are supported using in situ observations at various locations in the basin. Our results contribute to a better characterization of the hydrological variability in the CRB and represent an unprecedented source of information for hydrological modeling and to study hydrological processes over the region.
Brief communication: monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff using webcams and strain sensors
Authors: Guenzi Diego , Godone Danilo , Allasia Paolo , Fazio Nunzio Luciano , Perrotti Michele , Lollino Piernicola
Published: July 2021

Abstract. In this brief communication, we describe a case study about monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff using webcams and strain sensors, located in the Apulia region (southeastern Italy). In this urban and touristic area, coastal recession is extremely rapid and rockfalls are very frequent. Using low-cost and open source hardware and software, we are monitoring the area, trying to correlate both meteorological information with measures obtained from crack-meters and webcams, aiming to recognize potential precursor signals that may trigger instability phenomena.
Control Simulation Experiment with the Lorenz’s Butterfly Attractor
Authors: Miyoshi Takemasa , Sun Qiwen
Published: July 2021

Abstract. In numerical weather prediction (NWP), the sensitivity to initial conditions brings chaotic behaviors and an intrinsic limit to predictability, but it also implies an effective control in which a small control signal grows rapidly to make a substantial difference. The Observing Systems Simulation Experiment (OSSE) is a well-known approach to study predictability, where “the nature” is synthesized by an independent NWP model run. In this study, we extend the OSSE and design the control simulation experiment (CSE) where we apply a small signal to control “the nature”. Idealized experiments with the Lorenz-63 three-variable system show that we can control “the nature” to stay in a chosen regime without shifting to the other, i.e., in a chosen wing of the Lorenz’s butterfly attractor, by adding small perturbations to “the nature”. Using longer-lead-time forecasts, we achieve more effective control with a perturbation size less than only 3 % of the observation error. We anticipate our idealized CSE to be a starting point for realistic CSE using the real-world NWP systems, toward possible future applications to reduce weather disaster risks. The CSE may be applied to other chaotic systems beyond NWP.
Soil water repellency influences maize yield by changing soil water availability under long-term tillage management
Authors: Li Shengping , Liang Guopeng , Wu Xueping , Lu Jinjing , Plougonven Erwan , Wu Huijun , Han Zixuan , Abdelrhmana Ahmed Ali , Liu Xiaotong
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Drought is increasingly common due to frequent occurrences of extreme weather events, which further increases soil water repellency (SWR) and influences grain yield. Conservation agriculture is playing a vital role in attaining high food security and it could also increase SWR. However, the relationship between SWR and grain yield under conservation agriculture is still not fully understood. We studied the impact of SWR in 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, and 10–20 cm layers during three growth periods on grain yield from a soil water availability perspective using a long-term field experiment. In particular, we assessed the effect of SWR on soil water content under two rainfall events with different rainfall intensities. Three treatments were conducted: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-tillage (NT). The results showed that the water repellency index (RI) of NT and RT treatments in 0–20 cm layers was increased by 12.9 %–39.9 % and 5.7 %–18.2 % compared to CT treatment during the three growth periods, respectively. The effect of the RI on soil water content became more obvious with the decrease in soil moisture following rainfall, which was also influenced by rainfall intensity. The RI played a prominent role in increasing soil water storage during the three growth periods compared to the soil total porosity, penetration resistance, mean weight diameter, and organic carbon content. Furthermore, although the increment in the RI under NT treatment increased the soil water storage, grain yield was not influenced by RI (p > 0.05) because the grain yield under NT treatment was mainly driven by penetration resistance and least limiting water range (LLWR). The higher water sorptivity increased LLWR and water use efficiency, which further increased the grain yield under RT treatment. Overall, SWR, which was characterized by water sorptivity and RI, had the potential to influence grain yield by changing soil water availability (e.g. LLWR and soil water storage) and RT treatment was the most effective tillage management compared to CT and NT treatments in improving grain yield.
Indication of high basal melting at the EastGRIP drill site on the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Zeising Ole , Humbert Angelika
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The accelerated ice flow of ice streams that reach far into the interior of the ice sheets is associated with lubrication of the ice sheet base by basal meltwater.
However, the amount of basal melting under the large ice streams – such as the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream (NEGIS) – is largely unknown.
In situ measurements of basal melt rates are important from various perspectives as they indicate the heat budget, the hydrological regime and the relative importance of sliding in glacier motion.
The few previous estimates of basal melt rates in the NEGIS region were 0.1 m a−1 and more, based on radiostratigraphy methods.
These findings raised the question of the heat source, since even an increased geothermal heat flux could not deliver the necessary amount of heat.
Here, we present basal melt rates at the recent deep drill site EastGRIP, located in the centre of NEGIS.
Within 2 subsequent years, we found basal melt rates of 0.19±0.04 m a−1 that are based on analysis of repeated phase-sensitive radar measurements.
In order to quantify the contribution of processes that contribute to melting, we carried out an assessment of the energy balance at the interface and found the subglacial water system to play a key role in facilitating such high melt rates.
Semiotics and poetry – why the relational axes might yet increase our understanding of poetic practice
Authors: Bullock Owen
Published: July 2021

The paper will consider syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations in the poetry of Michele Leggott. The syntagm is a sequential lexical unit, including anything from a compound noun to a line or stanza; it is seen as occupying a horizontal axis, and concerned with the positioning of words. The paradigmatic is a vertical axis and concerns possible substitution of words; it has much to do with the choices a particular poet makes which suggest the ‘other’, with aspects of composition that are less logical and more intuitive. The paper also considers the implications of the binary oppositions of this discourse and what the relational axes might say about the use of space in a poem. I argue that the use of space in the layout of a poem is paradigmatic rather than syntagmatic and that the use of space sometimes constitutes an act of substitution for language. The paper moves towards a wider understanding of semiotics with reference to deconstruction and assemblage theory.
Lasso de la Vega y la CDU: una polémica incesante
Authors: Blanco Domingo Luis Mariano
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo pretende ahondar en los recelos que supuso la implantación y desarrollo de la CDU en España, discrepancias a veces derivadas de desavenencias personales, profesionales o ideológicas más que en aspectos exclusivamente técnicos. A lo largo de tres hitos cronológicos fundamentales (la Guerra Civil, la década de los años 50 y la Transición), reconstruye los esfuerzos constantes de Javier Lasso de la Vega por su asentamiento y generalización.
Incunables conservados en la Biblioteca de la Universidad de La Laguna: libros en latín y traducciones en una sociedad insular atlántica
Authors: Salas Salgado Francisco
Published: July 2021

El objetivo principal de este artículo es el estudio de los incunables que se conservan en el Fondo Antiguo de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de La Laguna, textos que pudieron estar en esta ciudad en esos momentos tras la conquista por parte de la corona de Castilla, prestando atención particularmente a los impresos escritos en latín y a las traducciones realizadas a esta lengua o desde la misma al castellano. Se verá que, a pesar del auge y progresiva consolidación de las lenguas vernáculas o romances, el latín seguía siendo entonces la lengua de cultura, la lengua que sirvió de unión entre los diversos y más distantes lugares de la Europa Occidental, en la que se expresaba la ciencia, el conocimiento y la creación literaria. Algunas de estas obras pertenecieron a las bibliotecas de las diversas órdenes religiosas que se establecieron en la isla desde esos primeros tiempos.
Claves para captar la atención en la producción publicitaria a través de archivos, bancos de imágenes y librerías musicales en tiempos del Covid19
Authors: Marcos Recio Juan Carlos , Parras Parras Alicia
Published: July 2021

Este artículo analiza las diez campañas más vistas durante el confinamiento en España, en concreto durante el mes de abril. Su objetivo es conocer cómo se hicieron a partir de piezas obtenidas en bancos de imágenes y en los archivos de los anunciantes, teniendo en cuenta que la situación sanitaria global influyó en la producción dichos anuncios, pero también en su consumo por parte de los usuarios. El análisis de contenido se llevó a cabo en base a cuatro categorías: estética visual de la pieza; música de la pieza; narración (lineal, storytelling, multiplataforma); y, en último lugar, se analiza el mensaje de la campaña, con el fin de saber qué emoción trata de transmitir (optimismo, alegría, empatía). Se llega a la conclusión de que, tanto los bancos de imágenes como los archivos publicitarios de las empresas, son activos de gran importancia que han permitido a los creativos elaborar campañas sencillas para empatizar con el espectador confinado. Otras campañas, quizá más originales desde el punto de vista creativo, han podido llevarse a cabo gracias a herramientas digitales cotidianas como el smartphone y a aplicaciones como Zoom, Skype o Whatsapp.
Uso de las bibliotecas, física y digital, por los estudiantes de ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Authors: Cantú Mata José Luis , Arias Coello Alicia , Estrada Domínguez Jesús Eduardo , Simón Martín José , Segoviano Hernández José , Banda Muñoz Fernando
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se analiza el uso de las bibliotecas, física y digital, por los estudiantes de ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, así como sus conductas, motivaciones y deseos informativos. Se utilizó un instrumento de medición aplicado en una muestra de 660 estudiantes, para la validación se empleó un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales mediante la técnica de análisis factorial exploratorio, que permite separar las relaciones de las variables para cada conjunto de variables dependientes, tal y como se presenta en el modelo. Los datos fueron tratados en los paquetes estadísticos SPSS y SMART-PLS. Los resultados mostraron una relación inversa que indica que la colección digital no es considerada una fuente importante para el acopio de información de los estudiantes, lo que indica un bajo aprovechamiento de esos recursos y una falta de promoción por parte de los profesores.
Los estudiantes en Bibliotecología y Estudios de la Información de la UNAM bajo una nueva modalidad de enseñanza derivada por la COVID-19
Authors: Guevara Villanueva Angélica , Rosas Gutiérrez Angélica María , Cabral Vargas Brenda
Published: July 2021

Este artículo enfoca su interés en los alumnos del sistema escolarizado de la licenciatura de bibliotecología y estudios de la información de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UNAM, ante dos escenarios que afectaron su vida académica: el término de su semestre y el inicio de un semestre de manera anormal. El primero, derivado de un paro estudiantil y el segundo, con mayor impacto, producido por el cierre indefinido de su Facultad a causa de la pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19. El objetivo general de la investigación es describir las experiencias de la población escolar de la licenciatura en bibliotecología y estudios de la información, ante la decisión personal de iniciar su semestre en la modalidad emergente de educación a distancia durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de la COVID-19. La investigación obedece a metodología mixta de tipo descriptiva y cuantitativa. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un cuestionario que se aplicó en línea a los alumnos que estaban por concluir el semestre escolar 2020-II. Algunos de los resultados muestran que los alumnos vivieron diversas circunstancias como el cuidado de algún familiar enfermo, la falta de un espacio físico para desarrollar sus actividades escolares y un incremento del estrés y ansiedad ante las nuevas dinámicas familiares.
El uso de las competencias docentes durante el periodo 1990-2019 desde el punto de vista de un metaanálisis bibliométrico
Authors: Lorenzo-Lledó Gonzalo , Orellana-Lepe Gladys Andrea , Lledó-Carreres Asunción
Published: July 2021

En las sociedades actuales la educación es un elemento crucial en el desarrollo social y económico. Más concretamente con la creación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior adquiere una posición central como elemento que une sociedad y entorno laboral dando lugar al modelo de aprendizaje por competencias. Como consecuencia de ello se plantea como objetivo de la investigación una revisión sistemática y temática sobre la producción científica en competencias docentes durante el periodo 1990-2019 en las bases de datos Scopus y WOS. La muestra está compuesta por 1704 documentos.  Los resultados mostraron que WOS tenía el periodo de mayor producción en 2015-2018 mientras que en Scopus fue de 2016-2019. De igual manera, Scopus permitió obtener la cita de los artículos mucho más rápido que WOS. El campo de trabajo tiene una gran difusión internacional ya que los países más productores tienden a la difusión de su conocimiento. Por otro lado, los equipos de trabajo se conformaron entre 2 y 3 autores demostrando que es un campo en crecimiento, aunque aún no existe una elevada difusión en las revistas de altos cuartiles debido a los elevados porcentajes de solapamiento. Como futuras líneas de trabajo se propone el uso de un software informático tipo Bibliometrix o Vosviewer para estudiar otros indicadores bibliométricos como la co-ocurrencia de palabras o las trending topic dentro del campo.
Comparison of two different screw trajectories in the treatment of oblique scaphoid fractures: A mechanical study on composite bone models
Authors: Kılıç Bülent , Çalışkan Mustafa , Agar Anıl , Uzun Bora , Ertem Fatih , Gülabi Deniz , Ertürk Cemil
Published: July 2021

Objectives: In this mechanical study, we aimed to compare two different screw trajectories in terms of durability against axial loads on oblique scaphoid fractures using composite bone models.

Materials and methods: Oblique osteotomies were made along the dorsal sulcus of 14 composite scaphoid bone models. Following this, all bone models were randomly classified. One group of bones were fixed with a screw placed perpendicular to the osteotomy line and the other group was fixed with a screw placed centrally down the long axis of the scaphoid bone. Each scaphoid bone model was positioned on a mechanical testing machine. Subsequently, axial loading tests were applied on each bone model to measure the amount of loading required to cause 2-mm displacement and failure on the osteotomy side and maximum displacement at the time of failure on scaphoid bone models.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference in load to 2-mm displacement and failure between the two groups (p>0.05). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of maximum displacement seen on failure (p>0.05).

Conclusion: In our study, we found that the stability of the screws which laid perpendicular to the fracture line and parallel to the long axis of the scaphoid was the same in fixing oblique scaphoid fractures.
Mid-term evaluation of clinical and functional outcomes after arthroscopic medial longitudinal and bucket-handle meniscus repair
Authors: Özcafer Raşit , Dırvar Ferdi , Mısır Abdülhamit , Maksut Dinçel Yaşar , Özbey Büyükkuşçu Mehmet , Selçuk Aykut Ümit
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes following the arthroscopic medial meniscal repair.

Patients and methods: A total of 50 patients (42 males, 8 females; mean age: 32.9±7.6 years; range, 17 to 48 years) who underwent arthroscopic repair for longitudinal and bucket-handle medial meniscal tears between March 2005 and October 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as those having a longitudinal tear (patient group, n=31) and having a bucket-handle tear (control group, n=19). Preoperative and final follow-up functional outcomes were evaluated using the Lysholm Knee Score (LKS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

Results: The mean follow-up was 61.7±22.8 (range, 36 to 110) months. The mean preoperative LKS, IKDC score, TAS, and KOOS scores were significantly improved at the final postoperative follow-up (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in functional outcome scores between longitudinal and bucket-handle repairs (p>0.05), and isolated repairs and concomitant meniscal repair and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Arthroscopic meniscal repair provides similar mid-term functional and clinical outcomes for longitudinal and bucket-handle medial meniscal tears. Concomitant meniscal repair does not seem to affect meniscal healing.
The correlation between posterior cruciate ligament buckling sign and meniscofemoral ligaments: A radiological study
Authors: Polat Abdulkadir , Acar Nihat , Aybar Ahmet , Fidan Fırat , Özden Erdem , Gürkan Okan
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the correlation between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) buckling phenomena and the presence or absence of the anterior meniscofemoral ligament (aMFL).

Patients and methods: Between January 2012 and January 2019, magnetic resonance imaging of a total of knee joints of 199 patients (163 males, 16 females; mean age: 31.5±5.3 years; range, 18 to 40 years) were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into four groups. The first group included 32 patients with a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and absent aMFL. The second group included 67 patients with a ruptured ACL and apparent aMFL. The third group included 23 patients with an intact ACL and absent aMFL, and the fourth group included 77 patients with an intact ACL and apparent aMFL. The PCL angle was used to measure the buckling degree of the ligament, as calculated as the angle between two lines drawn through the tibial and femoral central portions of the PCL insertions. We assessed the buckling phenomena of the PCL in ACL-ruptured and ACL-intact knees and examined a possible correlation between the PCL buckling angle and the presence or absence of the aMFL of Humphrey.

Results: In the ruptured ACL groups (Groups 1 and 2), the mean PCL buckling angle values were 133.88±6.32 and 104.83±7.34 degrees, respectively. A significant difference was detected between both groups (p=0.026). In the intact ACL groups (Groups 3 and 4), the mean PCL buckling angle values were 143.47±5.96 and 116.77±8.38 degrees, respectively. A significant difference was detected between both groups (p=0.039). No statistically significant difference was observed between Groups 1 and 3 (p=0.13) and between Groups 2 and 4 (p=0.088).

Conclusion: The PCL buckling sign is not specific for ACL ruptures, and can be seen frequently in normal knee joints which it is strongly associated with the presence of aMFL of Humphrey.
A randomized comparative evaluation of local infiltration analgesia, extended nerve blocks, and conventional analgesia in pain management after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kopitkó Csaba , Czermann Rita , Orosz Mátyás , Hangody György , Kiss Dániel , Szabó Zsuzsanna , Hangody László
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the postoperative effects of extended nerve blocks and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) on postoperative pain control, muscle weakness, and blood loss after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients and methods: Between February 24th 2020 and July 10th 2020, a total of 161 patients (55 males, 106 females; median age: 69.0 years [IQR 63.0-75.0], range, 41 to 81 years) who underwent primary TKA were randomly allocated into three parallel groups according to their concomitant procedure in a double-blind fashion: (i) those to whom nerve blockade was performed after competition of surgery under the duration of spinal anesthesia (n=50); (ii) those to whom LIA was performed during surgery (n=52), and (iii) control group (n=59). The content of LIA was 10-10 mL of 20 mg lidocaine with 0.01 mg adrenalin and 100 mg ropivacaine, 1 mL (30 mg) ketorolac, and 5 mL (500 mg) tranexamic acid was diluted by 50 mL 0.9% NaCl under aseptic conditions. Outcome parameters were the evaluation of pain until the evening of first postoperative day (24 to 36 h), mobilization, and blood loss within the first three postoperative days.

Results: The pain was maximal between 4 and 8 h postoperatively, when the effect of the spinal anesthetic drugs disappeared. During this critical period, tolerable pain (Numerical Rating Scale, NRS ≤3) was observed in 52%, 42%, and 19% of nerve blockade in LIA and control groups, respectively. None of the patients complained of high-intensity pain (NRS >8) in the LIA group, which was a significant difference from the block and control groups (10% and 14%, p<0.008, respectively). There was no significant muscle weakness associated with the use of this extended block. The decrease in hemoglobin level was significantly lower in the LIA group than in the control and block groups (odds ratio [OR]: 0.379, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.165-0.874 for nerve blockade vs. LIA, OR: 1.189, 95% CI: 0.491-2.880 for nerve blockade vs. control, OR: 0.319, 95% CI: 0.140-0.727, respectively). The common language effect size for pain in each referred interval in each group and for decrease of hemoglobin between the first and third postoperative days fell between 0.507 and 0.680.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that LIA technique offers a fast and safe treatment option for pain relief after TKA. No clinically relevant muscle weakness was observed among groups according to field block applications. Significant advantages were also achieved in blood loss.
Are preoperative complete blood count parameters in peripheral nerve sheath tumors useful diagnostic tools?
Authors: Mısırlıoğlu Mesut , Yapar Aliekber , Aras Sezgin Erdem , Kürşat Bulut Emin , Beltir Galip , Şafak Güngör Bedii
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of complete blood count (CBC) parameters in patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs).

Patients and methods: A total of 181 patients (83 males, 98 females; median age: 44 years; range, 15 to 83 years) who underwent surgical treatment for PNSTs in our tertiary oncology center between January 2010 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Eighty-two patients were diagnosed with a neurofibroma, 79 with a schwannoma, and 20 with a malignant PNST (MPNST). The patient group was evaluated as malignant (n=20) and benign (n=161). Age- and sex-matched patients admitted to our outpatient clinic of orthopedic and traumatology with non-specific symptoms other than tumor, infection, fracture, and rheumatological or hematological diseases were included as the control group (n=165). Data including age, sex, definitive histopathological diagnosis, and pre-treatment CBC values were obtained from the hospital records. Pre-treatment CBC values such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were calculated for both malignant and benign groups and control groups. Diagnostic values of NLR, PLR, and LMR between PNST groups were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: Neurofibroma, schwannoma, and MNPST groups had significantly higher median NLR, compared to the control group (p<0.001), while the median LMR was significantly lower in these groups (p<0.05). However, the median PLR was higher only in the MPNST group, compared to the control group (p<0.001). Post-hoc analyses revealed that median NLR, PLR, and LMR ratios were similar in PNST groups, compared to the control group. In addition, the median NLR, PLR, and LMR ratios were similar between malignant and benign patient groups. The highest area under the curve (AUC) was found for NLR (AUC=0.756) and LMR (AUC=0.716) in the MPNST group.

Conclusion: Our study results suggest that NLR, PLR, and LMR may have an added value in the early diagnosis of PNSTs and are valuable for differentiating patients from healthy individuals, although their value in differential diagnosis is still unclear.