bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensory landscape of the Russian empire in “The Letters from Russia” (1856–1857) by Juan Valera
Authors: Rozlutska Solomiia
Published: December 2021

The article considers new perspectives in working with travel notes as a historical source. Through the careful reading of “The Letters from Russia” (1856-1857) by Spanish diplomat and writer Juan Valera (1824-1905), the article examines the role of sensory impressions and their place in constructing Russia’s image. Particular attention focuses on the analysis of methods and approaches of sensory history. By applying content analysis, it was possible to identify four topics addressed by the Spanish diplomat: colours, tastes, sounds, and smells. Thanks to the interdisciplinary approach, we reconstructed the author’s percep- tion of Russia’s visual and sound landscape, his attitude to the Russian elite’s and the ordinary people’s tastes (food and drinks), the smells that he encountered during the trip. For example, the Russian empire seemed to the Spanish author brilliant, golden and silver, and its sound perception was characterized by the loud sound of local bells and melodic singing of church choirs. At the same time, a Spanish diplomat was openly disappointed with the common people’s food and its smell, and the Russian countryside, in general, seems colourless to him. The Spaniard’s idea of Russia was established under the influence of his native environment and by the St. Petersburg elite. Given the fact that the author spent most of his time in the company of the Russian elite, he managed to recreate Russia’s holistic sensual landscape only in the context of its sounds and smells. In the case of Russian food and colours, readers can observe an unfinished image that only partially reproduces the author’s vision of “folk” and “parade” Russia. For example, due to the author’s limited mobility, the text contains almost no information about the color palette of a Russian city or village. Despite this, the study of these phenomena not only revealed the basic features of the then Russian everyday life but also allowed a better understanding of the personality of Juan Valera and the way of forming his ideas.
Communication with the public of the Ukrainian SSR KGB in the conditions of glasnost policy (1987–1989)
Authors: Lisova Vita
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the main directions and forms of external open communications of the Soviet secret services at the second stage of their reorganization in the Gorbachev Era. It shows the general tendencies of the state security bodies’ implementation of the principle of openness. It highlights the peculiarities of “publicity and democratization” expansion in the operational and service activities of the USSR KGB in the Perestroika period. It is substantiated that in the second half of the 1980s in the USSR there was a transformation of the “repressive-communicative” system with a gradual transition from monologic communication to dialogic communication. At the same time, it is shown that the publicity of the Soviet secret services in this transitional period was influenced by both the specifics of their work and the prevailing propaganda model of communication in the USSR. It is emphasized that at that time the public contacts of the state security bodies with the population had a pronounced propaganda character.It is proven that the KGB of the Ukrainian SSR considered open communications as an important tool for influencing and manipulating public opinion. At the same time, they were provided through public (work with the media, creative unions, public organizations, meetings with employees of enterprises, institutions, organizations, etc.) and personal channels (consideration of applications and reception of citizens).Among the main areas of the communicative interaction of the Soviet secret services in Ukraine, the article deals with the following: public discrediting of national liberation movement members; popularization of state security bodies through mass media and creative unions, in particular the role of press groups in information and propaganda support of state security bodies; participation in rehabilitation processes; work with citizens’ appeals.The leading forms of such activities were as follow: meetings with labor collectives, roundtable discussions, thematic evenings, public meetings, organization of excursions to departmental rooms-museums; participation of representatives of state security bodies in public events; publications in the press, release of TV and radio programs, feature and documentary films dedicated to the Soviet secret services, organization of press conferences; conducting a personal reception of citizens, and correspondence based on the results of consideration of appeals.
Quarantine conditions of education and life of Osyp Bodiansky in 1830–1831 (according to the letters of the Bodіansky brothers)
Authors: Bova Vita
Published: December 2021

The chronological boundaries of this study cover one academic year. That was the last year of Osyp Bodiansky’s studies at the Poltava (Pereiaslav) Seminary. The main source base consists of Osyp and Fedir Bodiansky’s letters from Pereiaslav addressed to their parents. The article aims to study the quarantine period of Osyp Bodiansky’s life in Pereiaslav during the second cholera pandemic. It is an attempt to recreate one year of Osyp Bodiansky’s life from the moment he arrived to study before leaving for Moscow. The sequence of events helps to answer the question: where did O. Bodiansky live, how did he earn from the conditions, what was distance education in 1830–1831 like, how did he manage to avoid cholera? This year began with finding a good apartment and a trip to Kyiv to buy some books. O. Bodiansky planned to re- ceive 660 rubles from the conditions. In October, the seminary was quarantined and all the students were sent home. There were two attempts to resume the study, but cholera reached Pereiaslav and the study did not take place. O. Bodiansky completed a full seminar course in Pereiaslav only in September 1831 and went to continue his studies at Moscow University. The main focus of the article is the quarantine conditions of study in the seminary and the life in the city. This study has a prosopographic context, which contributes to the retrospective of the social portrait of O. Bodiansky and the city of that time. Osyp Bodyansky was one of those who studied in this city and kept in touch with the locals throughout his life. His character was formed here together with the desire to know the truth, love for the Ukrainian way of life.The relevance of the study of such a historical figure as O. Bodiansky, who made a significant contribution to the preservation and development of Ukrainian history and culture in the Moscow ideology, is dictated by the socio-political realities of today when Ukrainian culture once again needs protection and promotion. This is a human-dimensional vision of both the history of a particular region (in this case, Pereiaslav in the early nineteenth century) and the understanding of a person of a particular era and region as a person, not a known historical figure without any ideological involvement.
FORMATION OF THE CATEGORY APPARATUS OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
Authors: Yeremenko K. S.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article consists in the analysis of the norms of national and international legislation for the elimination of the discrepancies in the legal understanding of the definitions in the field of alternative energy, that is definition and scientific and theoretical substantiation of the notions «alternative sources of energy», «non-conventional sources of energy» and «renewable sources of energy», which will serve for the elimination of terminological discrepancies in national legislation, and will become a basis for uniform practical use of the latter in the field of alternative energy.
Urgency of the research is conditioned by the reorientation of world energy sector in the direction of the substitution of conventional fuel sources for those alternative. Since global warming and increasing of the level of anthropogenic emissions as a result of human activity is one of the biggest ecological problems of the universe, international community, together with ecologists and climatologists of all the world are involved in the development and implementation of highly efficient international strategies, which are directed at the decrease of harmful impact of anthropogenic emissions on surrounding natural environment and human health.
In order to prevent the climate change and to mitigate global warming the scientists of the entire world proposed a wide range of variants for the mitigation of climate changes of Earth. Among which the key place belongs to alternative and renewable energy sources, which have been identified as the main strategically successful directions of reducing anthropogenic emissions into the natural environment.
Today, we can see a trend towards a reorientation of the global energy sector to more environmentally friendly, alternative and renewable energy sources and a departure from traditional fossil energy resources. At the same time, unambiguous interpretation and understanding of the conceptual and terminological apparatus is an important condition for the development and practical use of knowledge. Therefore, it is important to delineate the clear boundaries of the technologies included in the concepts of alternative and renewable sources of energy, as there are differences in the use of these concepts, both in national legislation and between national and international legislation.
The article analyzes and systematizes the knowledge as to the categorial instrument in the field of alternative energy and proposes the definition of renewable and alternative energy sources in accordance with the rules of construction of conceptual and terminological apparatus taking into account international experience in this field. The proposed wording of these concepts serves to eliminate terminological inaccuracies in national legislation, and will address the gaps between national and international legislation in the field of application of the categorial instrument in the field of alternative energy.
PECULIARITIES OF CONSIDERATION OF CIVIL CASES WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF JURY IN UKRAINE
Authors: Dyachenko S. V. , Yatsenko Yu. H.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the features of civil proceedings with the participation of jurors in Ukraine. It is determined that jurors all over the world are persons who, in cases specified by law, may be involved in the administration of justice and resolve criminal, civil and other cases.
It is established that Until 2017 (until the relevant amendments to the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, which essentially became the basis for a new version of the codified act) in Ukraine there was both an institute of jurors and an institute of lay judges. Therefore, it was after the relevant changes were made that lay judges were replaced by jurors, although if we compare the mechanism of their functioning, only the name has changed.
It is concluded that the importance of the participation of jurors in these categories of cases is traditionally associated with the provision of additional guarantees of respect for the rights of the individual in making appropriate decisions, given their exceptional importance for the legal status of the person. In fact, the participation of jurors is designed to enrich the court with life experience and values of society, which significantly affects the authority of the judiciary. It is established that today there are some arguments about the inexpediency of jurors in civil proceedings, so most of them are unprofessional, in particular the inability to properly assess the evidence provided by the court, as well as emotionality in decision-making.
Such factors are considered more favorable for the accused, which is confirmed by the high level of acquittals with the participation of jurors in world practice. In any case, the jury trial is treated as more humane and gives the accused a better chance of proving his innocence.
IN THE LABYRINTS OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Phedinyak H. S.
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of the Department of International Law of the Faculty of International Relations of the Ivan Franko Lviv National University (the department and the faculty were founded in 1991). The development of private international law as a science and the organization of the educational process through the efforts of specialists from the Department of International Law of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv are analyzed in this article.
This publication states the continuity that is preserved in the science of private international law in Ukraine. Works of many scientists of Soviet and modern Ukraine (V. I. Kisil, V. M. Koretsky, G. K. Matveev, Yu. G. Matveev, V. P. Pastukhov, A. A. Pidoprigora, O. A. Pidoprigora) are a reference point for the development of private international law in Ukraine in the 21st century.
Private international law of each state has its own history of development. Private international law of Ukraine has its own history as well. The system of norms of private international law in Ukraine is based on the norms of the Romano-Germanic system of law. The norms of private international law in Soviet Ukraine were very laconic. The norms of modern private international law of Ukraine are increasingly adopting the features of European law.
The attention of the author of the article is drawn to the topical problems of private international law of Ukraine at the present stage of development of society. They need a solution. Among the issues that should be resolved is the question of the independence (or non-independence) of private international law as a branch of law. The problem of more and more frequent subordination of legal relations arising with the participation of citizens of Ukraine to the foreign legal system, instead of applying conflict and substantive legal norms of Ukraine to such legal relations, also requires a solution. The issues arising in connection with the pandemic associated with the spread of infection caused by COVID‑19 need to be addressed as well. The application of the norms of private international law in IT technologies should attract the attention of Ukrainian scientists. This problem is especially relevant when organizing distance learning in educational institutions in a pandemic.
Prosecutor as a Subject of Civil Procedure Relationships within the Framework of Unification of Procedure Laws of the Russian Federation. Part 1
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Administrative Proceedings of the North-Caucasian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kazarina Tamara N.
Published: December 2021

The article is concerned with the revealing particular challenges relating to the partaking the prosecutor in the civil process. The author advances arguments for the position, where the prosecutor is an ad hoc participant of the civil process. She also does rather-legal analysis of rules of procedure, which regulate the partaking of the prosecutor in the civil and administrative proceedings. There are some proposals given improving the present civil procedural law in the specified sphere of the research.
The Constitutional Law Content of the Requirement for Education of Potential Judges
Authors:   Head of the Department of Arrangement of Judicial and Law Enforcement Activities of the Russian State University of Justice LL.D., Associate Professor, Burdina Elena V.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the process is underway to bring the entire array of legislative sources defining the judicial system and the status of judges in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In the legislative strategy, it seems important to resolve the issue of the higher legal education required for judges. The article substantiates a broad approach to understanding the higher legal education required for a judge, within the framework of which both a higher legal education of a general nature (universal) and a legal education of a special orientation are permissible. This conclusion is based: a) on the basis of the circumstances of the development of the system of higher legal education in Russia, which acts as a social regulator of the formal qualification requirement for the education of a candidate for a judge; b) on the requirements of access to the judicial profession, which imply the possibility of entering the judicial profession for representatives of different professional groups.
History of the Development of the Judicial Defense Institution: The National Experience
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Koroleva Elena V.
Published: December 2021

This study reveals the development of the Institute of judicial protection in Russia during all stages of its historical development and formation. The author reveals the following questions: 1. Understanding of judicial protection in legal doctrine and practice. 2. the process of development and formation of the Institute of judicial protection in Russia. 3. The current situation of the Institute of judicial protection in terms of legal reality in Russia. This study will determine that the mechanism for the protection of human and civil rights through the administration of justice is one of the most effective means of protection provided for by current legislation and generally recognized principles and norms of international law. In comparison with other methods, the Institute of judicial protection stands out for its independence, objectivity and impartiality, which allows a comprehensive and complete examination of the available evidence when considering a case in court.
The Institution of Trial in Absentia in View of the Procedural Economy Principle
Authors:   Assistant Judge of the Supreme Court of the Mari El Republic Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Mari State University, Artizanov Aleksey I.
Published: December 2021

Trial in absentia is a civil proceeding providing a specific procedure for cases in the absence of the defendant. For almost 25 years trials in absentia have been considered a means of speeding up the consideration of a case both in Russian legal practice and in the scientific community. The analysis of the problems arising in the practice of civil procedure law is carried out in this article. It relates to the operating principle of procedural economy in case of trials in absentia.
Guarantee Obligations of a Real Estate Developer: Challenging Aspects
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Entrepreneurial Law of the Ural State Law University (USLU), PhD (Law), Grigoryeva Olga A.
Published: December 2021

The article describes the issues of the liability of real estate developers for undue quality of apartment block construction. The paper studies the issue of provisions to be applied in the event of imposition of the obligation to execute guarantee repairs on a real estate developer. Options of application of contractor provisions or sale and purchase provisions are reviewed. Judicial practice reflecting various approaches is referred to. Guarantee term calculation peculiarities are analyzed.
Prospects of the Introduction and Use of Smart Contracts in Construction
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of International and Public Law of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Financial University), Barakina Elena Yu. , Efimova Nina A. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Operations of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Financial University), PhD (Law)
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the jurisprudence under the treaties in the field of construction for 2018–2020. The most common disputable situations that provoke lawsuits are highlighted. As a result of the analysis of scientific literature and foreign practice, a conclusion is formulated about the advantages of implementing and using smart contracts in the field of construction, provided that the necessary institutional environment is formed and the legal field.
Abuse of Right by a Consumer: Problem Setting and the Search for a Solution
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law of the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management (NSUEM), Justice of the Peace Emeritus, Usoltsev Egor Yu.
Published: December 2021

Balanced relations between retail market participants largely ensures the competitiveness and stability of the entire Russian economy. Hence, the state pays close attention to consumer protection issues. But, like any sphere of civil law regulation, relations with the participation of consumers are inherently abused, including by the consumers themselves. This article proves in both practical and theoretical aspects that consumer dishonesty is a significant legal problem. The solution of this problem requires not only systematic change in the current legislation, but also a broad public discussion. After all, the modern legal consciousness of the consumer is perceived exclusively as the weak counter party. It is obvious that in such conditions it is a difficult task to realize the existence of this problem and even more so to take real steps to solve. Nevertheless, one cannot remain idle. Consumer abuse of right, being an independent form of abuse of subjective civil right, has its own specifics related to the role and legal status of participants in the legal relations under consideration, so there is an objective need for legislative consolidation of this concept, with which the fight against this kind of behavior should begin.
The Establishment of an “Exit Tax” as a Potential Way to Broaden Russian Deoffshorization Measures
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Legal Disciplines of the Higher School of State Audit of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Andrianova Natalya G.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the European regulation of the «exit tax» enshrined in the Council of the European Union Directive No. 2016/1164 of July 12, 2016. The situations in which the «exit tax» is levied are analyzed, the procedure for determining the tax base, the procedure for the payment of tax, the possibility of presenting a deferral of tax, cases in which the tax is to be paid immediately in full, the problematic issues of the practical application of the Directive with regard to the «exit tax» are identified. The practice of implementing the provisions of the Directive about «exit tax» in Luxembourg is examined, as well as the specifics of the implementation of the Directive into national legislation on the example of Ireland’s experience. It is proposed to establish an «exit tax» in the Russian Federation as an additional source of budget revenues in the face of capital outflows and a pandemic of coronavirus infection. It is proposed to take a balanced approach in establishing an «exit tax» in order to maintain the balance of private and public interests. The establishment of a minimum value threshold will not prevent the movement of small assets when the state obtains the right to tax large assets when they move outside the Russian Federation.
Protection of the Right to Education and Health of Pupils within the Framework of the Voluntary Nature of Tuberculinodiagnosis
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Civil Law, Civil and Arbitral Procedure of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISL RAS), PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Borisova Lilia V.
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problem of ensuring the right to general education of children who have not undergone tuberculin diagnostics, and the right to health protection of other children studying in preschool educational and general educational organizations. An assessment of the recommendation of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the choice of forms and methods of education for children not examined for tuberculosis, excluding them from visiting a healthy children’s team, is given. The conclusion on the need to harmonize the requirement of clause 823 of SanPiN 3.3686-21 with the norms of federal legislation on the voluntariness of medical examination for tuberculosis is reasoned. The constructiveness of the study of the issue of the availability in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of alternative to Mantoux and Diaskintest methods of diagnosing tuberculosis and their possible inclusion in the compulsory medical insurance of children with medical contraindications for intradermal testing is noted.
Obligations Arising out of Damage Caused to a Patient`s Life and Health by Biomedical Technologies
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Southwest State University, Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Theory of State and Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law of the South Ural State University, PhD (Law), Kirillova Elena A.
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the features of obligations from causing harm to life and health by biomedical technologies. The introduction and use of biomedical technologies is rapidly developing, so it is necessary to determine their legal status and determine the specifics of obligations that arise when causing harm to life and health. The study formulated the concept of illegality in the use of biomedical technologies, concluded that the obligations of causing harm to the life and health of the patient by biomedical technologies are obligations of a special kind, they are aimed at the property recovery of injured persons and do not depend on the legal orientation of the will of the subjects.
Legal Aspects of Bankruptcy of a Homeowner Association
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Entrepreneurial Law of the Ural State Law University (USLU), PhD (Law), Bazhina Maria A. , Zvezdina Tatyana M. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Entrepreneurial Law of the Ural State Law University (USLU), PhD (Law)
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the legal aspects of the bankruptcy of homeowner association. Authors underline different factors that cause bankruptcy of homeowner association, analyze peculiarities of bankruptcy of homeowner association. There is also research of legal grounds for the withdrawal from membership of homeowner association during the process of bankruptcy.
Bankruptcy and Enforcement Proceedings: Legal Institution Correlation Issues
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Civil Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Osmanova Diana O.
Published: December 2021

The author defends the position that it is inadmissible to identify the mechanisms of bankruptcy and enforcement proceedings, examining the aspects of the permissibility of initiating bankruptcy proceedings by the bankruptcy creditor of the debtor, a legal person whose claims are based on a judicial act that has entered into force, according to which the possibility of enforcement has been lost. The article proves that, in view of the function that the insolvency process performs for corporations, the initiating creditor should not be limited by the rules of limitation, since it actually acts in the interests of the civil law community, which unites all creditors of the debtor.
Plurality of Persons on the Debtor’s Side in Real Estate Developer Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Cases
Authors:   Chief Legal Officer of Trеst Magnitostroy Limited Liability Company, Degree-Seeking Student of the Department of Entrepreneurial Law of the Ural State Law University, Slavich Maria A.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibility of using the structure of a plurality of persons on the side of the debtor in Russian law enforcement practice. The proposal is due to the lack of efficiency in achieving the goal of applying special provisions of the legislation on bankruptcy of developers to protect the rights of citizens in cases of establishing requirements for the transfer of premises in relation to one object in bankruptcy cases of different debtors. The analysis is carried out on the basis of foreign experience, existing domestic law enforcement practice and the development of the concept of a plurality of persons in bankruptcy cases in the scientific literature. Positive and negative aspects are evaluated.
On the Concept of the Development of the Legal Regulation of Relationships in the National Healthcare Digitization Sphere
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Law, Public Health and Healthcare of the Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Associate Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence of the M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Zapisnaya Tatyana V.
Published: December 2021

Digitalization of domestic healthcare is one of the strategic tasks facing the digitalization of the Russian economy. The solution of this task is impossible without creating a proper legal basis. Without removing legal barriers, it is impossible to introduce the latest information and communication technologies that provide significant benefits in achieving the highest level of health. The article highlights three main areas of digitalization of Russian healthcare, and based on the analysis, the forecast of further improvement of Russian legislation in the framework of these areas is presented.
El cierre de un ciclo histórico y la reconfiguración del sistema internacional en un multi-orden
Authors: Rayran Cortés Manuel Alejandro
Published: December 2021

La Covid-19 aceleró las transformaciones que se estaban presentando en la vida internacional desde 2008, materializadas en una competición entre gigantes económicos, un debilitamiento en la gobernanza mundial, una reconfiguración del capitalismo con la tecnología y un resquebrajamiento de la confianza de las sociedades en la democracia. Lo anterior ha llevado a una nueva reconfiguración de capacidades materiales, instituciones e ideas, demostrando así que lo que actualmente vive el mundo es el cierre de un ciclo histórico y el debilitamiento de la estructura hegemónica de Estados Unidos. Con base en ese panorama, se analizan las oportunidades y desafíos que presentan los nuevos países emergentes a la luz del concepto del poder, ilustrado por la teoría crítica.
Billetes, balas, bytes y bienestar: el poder estructural en el sistema internacional contemporáneo y la marginación del Sur Global
Authors: Dubé Sébastien
Published: December 2021

El sistema internacional ha sido el escenario de cambios significativos desde el fin de la guerra fría. Uno de estos concierne a la mayor diversificación de los elementos que otorgan un poder estructural a países o grupos de países en el orden global. Ahora, la diversificación de las fuentes de poder no implica que el poder en sí mismo sea menos concentrado y más compartido que antes. A partir de fundamentos del realismo neoclásico y del modelo analítico del poder estructural de Susan Strange, el artículo analiza una serie de indicadores que demuestran que el “bloque liberal” formado por los países del G7 y de la Unión Europea sigue con la mayor parte del poder en el sistema internacional contemporáneo. También demuestra que el auge de China provoca su declive relativo, pero sin potenciar al Sur Global.
La adhesión de Colombia a la OCDE como una estrategia de inserción en un contexto desfavorable
Authors: Vargas-Alzate Luis Fernando
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo se circunscribe en el estudio de la política exterior de Colombia, mientras propone armonizar algunos elementos de su análisis con una aproximación a la política y las relaciones internacionales del mismo Estado. A partir del marco analítico de los regímenes internacionales, el trabajo ofrece, en su primera parte, una aproximación a su estudio para luego avanzar hacia un recorrido por el proceso que antecedió la adhesión de Colombia a la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE). Posterior a ello, analiza cómo la decisión de adherirse a la OCDE es una estrategia de política exterior del gobierno nacional y, finalmente, despliega una evaluación preliminar de lo que ha sido el proceso de adaptación institucional a la membresía adquirida y su impacto en la sociedad colombiana. En términos metodológicos, la obra absorbe de fuentes primarias lo relativo al contenido del proceso decisional adelantado, tanto por el gobierno nacional como por la Organización, mientras acude a otra diversidad de fuentes para argumentar la existencia de una estrategia de política exterior implementada en un contexto difícil, agravado con la pandemia de la Covid-19. Dado lo anterior, el trabajo pone en discusión, en materia de retos, la pertinencia de haber logrado la membresía y haber dilatado su formalización hasta el punto de coincidir con las dificultades generadas por dicha pandemia. En tal dirección, la evaluación de los primeros años de participación del país en el foro global conduce a una percepción de inutilidad de la membresía; incluso, a pesar que la realidad conlleve a mayores complejidades que la expuesta.
El Proceso de Kimberley: una contribución a la resolución de los conflictos en África
Authors: García Pernía Nelson
Published: December 2021

Desde la puesta en marcha del Proceso de Kimberley, en el 2003, el comercio de diamantes entró en una nueva fase de supervisión a nivel internacional. La razón que motivó tal iniciativa fue la recurrente inestabilidad política que marcó a países como Sierra Leona y Angola, donde grupos armados utilizaban la explotación de este mineral como vía de financiamiento para socavar la estabilidad sociopolítica tras la búsqueda de acceder al poder por la vía de la fuerza. Con la entrada en vigor, el Proceso ha incorporado progresivamente a los diversos actores vinculados a la explotación de esta gema en sus intentos de intervenir y controlar la cadena de comercialización convirtiéndolo en un instrumento promotor de la paz a nivel global.
Emergencia del 5G en el sur global: India y Brasil entre Estados Unidos de América y China
Authors: Gonzalo Manuel , Haro Sly María José
Published: December 2021

La creciente disputa entre Estados Unidos de América y China tiene un foco crítico en la competencia en torno al 5G, infraestructura tecnológica que permitirá innovaciones en el autoguiado de vehículos, las operaciones remotas, la robótica, la inteligencia artificial y otras aplicaciones. Si bien el 5G aún está emergiendo, la conformación de la infraestructura de red, las regulaciones, las patentes y los estándares se configuran como una disputa eminentemente global por mercados, pero también por la seguridad nacional. Esto ha ganado un lugar central en la agenda de política externa de la mayoría de los países del globo, incluyendo a los del Sur Global. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las condiciones de emergencia del 5G en dos de los principales países del Sur Global, India y Brasil, en el marco de la disputa entre EE.UU. y China. A través de la contextualización de esta disputa y sus desdoblamientos en India y Brasil se busca extraer una serie de reflexiones preliminares para otros países del Sur Global. Se contribuye a entender las condiciones de emergencia de una nueva fase del paradigma de telecomunicaciones móviles a partir del desarrollo de dos casos principales aun inexplorados sistemáticamente por la literatura en español.
Hacia un mundo sin colonias. El papel de los movimientos nacionalistas en la incorporación de la cuestión colonial en la agenda de las Naciones Unidas (1945-1961)
Authors: Galiana Sergio
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo se propone analizar la evolución del abordaje de la cuestión colonial en el seno de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas y su impacto sobre las independencias africanas, y la abolición de los regímenes de minorías en ese continente, desde su fundación en 1945, hasta la aprobación del Comité Especial de Descolonización en 1961. El tema que queremos abordar es el papel que tuvo la Organización de las Naciones Unidas en la transformación del mundo de posguerra y especialmente en la impugnación del colonialismo; el problema sobre el que nos vamos a centrar es cómo ese organismo, fundado por las potencias vencedoras de la segunda guerra mundial, se convirtió hacia la década de 1960 en un foro de discusión, coordinación e implementación de políticas que promovieron la eliminación de los imperios coloniales y de los regímenes de minorías en África.
Media w małej miejscowości na przykładzie biuletynu samorządowego i serwisu parafialnego
Authors: Kurek-Kokocińska Stanisława
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na wybrane aspekty komunikowania społecznego w obrębie małej miejscowości za pośrednictwem publicznie dostępnych mediów cyfrowych. Badaniem objęto periodyk „Wiadomości Lutomierskie. Informacyjny Biuletyn Samorządowy” (dostępny w serwisie www Urzędu Gminy Lutomiersk, powiat pabianicki, woj. łódzkie: 2017–2020) oraz serwis internetowy rzymskokatolickiej Parafii w Lutomiersku (Dekanat Konstantynowski). Metodą analizy jakościowej ustalono zawartość mediów, wyodrębniono ich cechy, a następnie określono spełniane funkcje. Wykazano, że całokształt treści „Wiadomości Lutomierskich” odzwierciedla funkcjonowanie gminy i jej społeczności. W cyklu dwumiesięcznym mieszkańcy otrzymują pakiet informacji o różnych aspektach życia na tym terenie. Serwis parafialny uwzględnia tematy dotyczące parafian, życia chrześcijańskiego i społeczności Lutomierska. Badane media pełnią rozmaite funkcje, które są uwarunkowane dziedzinami działania ich właścicieli i twórców.
Idea slow travel a rozwój reportażu podróżniczego. O intermedialnym projekcie Out of Eden Walk Paula Salopka
Authors: Żyrek-Horodyska Edyta
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest omówieniu intermedialnego projektu dziennikarskiego pn. Out of Eden Walk autorstwa amerykańskiego reportera Paula Salopka. Projekt ten, którego fundamentem jest dziennikarska rzetelność i pogłębiony ogląd rzeczywistości, wpisuje się w ramy popularnych w ostatnich latach nurtów, takich jak slow journalism oraz slow travel. W zamierzeniu Salopka Out of Eden Walk stanowi alternatywę dla opierających się na szybkości przekazu mediów masowych oraz dla coraz bardziej umasowionego podróżopisarstwa. Celem szkicu jest pokazanie, w jaki sposób Salopek wykorzystuje mechanizmy konwergencji mediów do stworzenia intermedialnego przekazu dziennikarskiego, dystrybuowanego przy pomocy zróżnicowanych platform komunikacyjnych uwzględniających potencjał zarówno nowych, jak i tradycyjnych mediów.
Computer Forensics Teaching For Undergraduate Students
Authors: Xu Wenjuan
Published: December 2021

Computer forensics is not only important for the security professionals in the forensics field, it also can help the information technology professionals working in the network administration, system management and other related fields. Our department has a computer forensics course offered for the undergraduate students to prepare them to be successful in their future career.  In this paper, we introduce our forensics course design, especially, we explain our course hands-on activities, which include the labs and the projects for practicing the computer forensics related programming and the existing tools using.
Use of the feline interdigital semiochemical (FIS) to redirect unwanted scratching behaviour in cats
Authors: Goins Matt
Published: December 2021

PICO question

Can the use of a synthetic feline interdigital semiochemical (FIS), with the provision of a scratching post, redirect unwanted scratching behaviour in cats better than provision of a scratching post alone?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Three studies were evaluated. One was a randomised blinded trial on a single group of subjects following a crossover repetition design (Cozzi et al., 2013), the second was an open, uncontrolled study (Beck et al., 2018), and the third was a randomised unblinded trial on a single group of subjects using a placebo (Zhang et al., 2019).

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

In two of the three studies where the FIS pheromone was applied to the scratching posts resulted in a statistically significant increase in the cats’ scratching behaviour compared to the control. The third study showed a result approaching statistical significance (p = 0.06).

Conclusion

Based on the assessed studies there is weak evidence that FIS used in conjunction with the provision of a scratching post is more successful in redirecting unwanted scratching behaviour than provision of a scratching post alone. However, further studies using larger and more representative cohorts are needed in order to confirm the accuracy of these results.

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
THE VAMPIRLIJA HILL IN THE VILLAGE OF MIJAJLOVAC (TRSTENIK): A POSSIBLE LOCATION FOR THE BIRTHPLACE OF EUROPEAN ‘VAMPIROLOGY’
Authors: RISTIĆ ALEKSANDAR
Published: December 2021

Vampires gained worldwide popularity due to the classic novel about the most famous one, Dracula, written by Bram Stoker in 1897. Bram Stoker’s Dracula has very little in common with his inspiration, the fifteenth-century Wallachian ruler Vlad III (1431‒1476), who was a real historical figure. However, some strange events involving the dead seem to have occurred in Southwest of Transylvania a few centuries after the Wallachian prince’s death. In some parts of the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (1718‒1739), the local Austrian authorities recorded some cases of ‘vampirism’, which Europe would be introduced to shortly afterward, along with this newly accepted word. This paper will present historical facts about one particular case recorded at the southernmost border of the Habsburg Empire, which at the time was the West Morava River. It was the case of a ‘vampire’ named Arnold Paole, who died in 1726/7 in the border village of Medveđa and whose case ‘infected’ the whole Europe with the ‘virus’ of ‘vampiromania’. The main goal of the paper is to locate the spot where one of the first ‘vampire slayings’ ever recorded could have taken place, and to direct further investigations within early modern age archaeology.
THE SERBIAN VOJVODINA AND MONTENEGRO: 1848–1849
Authors: GAVRILOVIĆ VLADAN
Published: December 2021

The revolution of 1848–1849 had a significant effect on the Serbs in the Habsburg Monarchy, who established their own self-governing entity, the Serbian Vojvodina, within the monarchy. These events also attracted the attention of Serbs living outside the monarchy’s borders, especially those in Montenegro and, in particular, the Metropolitan of Cetinje, Petar II Petrović Njegoš. He wanted to assist his compatriots in the monarchy, and considered this action to be only the first step, albeit a very important one, in the ultimate fight for the liberation and unification of all Serbs within two independent countries: Serbia and Montenegro.
GLIGORIJE JEFTANOVIĆ AND THE STRUGGLE FOR CHURCH AND SCHOOL AUTONOMY
Authors: BRANKOVIĆ BOŠKO M.
Published: December 2021

The first part of this paper presents a brief history of the beginning and course of the Serbian people’s struggle in the provinces of Bosnia-Herzegovina for Church and school autonomy and the role Gligorij Jeftanović played as one of the two most important figures leading the movement. The second part of the paper deals with correspondence between Gligorije Jeftanović and Lazar Pupić in 1901 during the time a Serbian envoy was being selected to travel from Sarajevo to Constantinople and attempt to win over the Ecumenical Patriarch to the Serbian cause by gaining support for the Third Imperial Memorandum. It also looks at correspondence after the election with the chosen envoy, Kosta Kujundžić, who tried but failed to win the Ecumenical Patriarch over to the Serbian side. The third part deals the adoption of the Statute on Church and School Autonomy and the decline in Gligorije Jeftanović’s popularity after the emergence of a young, university-educated Serbian intelligentsia, which had new ideas and demands concerning new goals for the continuation of the struggle.
THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE: A BALKAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: MISHKOVA DIANA
Published: December 2021

The article describes the approach to and condenses some of the main arguments presented in the author’s book Beyond Balkansim: The Scholarly Politics of Region Making. It charts the main phases in the scholarly conceptualization of the Balkans and its characteristics and, against this background, tackles the question: What can we learn from the Balkan case about the actual production of regions?
ATTITUDES D’APPRENANTS ADULTES PAR RAPPORT À L’UTILISATION DE JEUX DE SOCIÉTÉ EN CLASSE DE FLE
Authors: Popović Nataša N.
Published: December 2021

Le but de cette recherche est d’examiner les attitudes d’apprenants adultes des niveaux A2, B1 et B2 par rapport à l’utilisation des jeux de société en classe de FLE. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à une recherche expérimentale, menée à l’Institut français de Novi Sad. Comme outil de collecte des données, nous avons élaboré un questionnaire qui nous a permis de mieux cerner les apports et les limites de cet outil didactique dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du FLE et de voir quelle est son influence sur la motivation des apprenants. Nous présenterons également des jeux de société récents qui peuvent être utilisés comme matériel didactique complémentaire en classe de FLE, notamment dans le but d’améliorer la compétence de production orale. De même, nous examinerons les possibilités d’adaptation de jeux à des objectifs pédagogiques et linguistiques précis et à différents niveaux de connaissances.
ELEMENTI KULTURE I CIVILIZACIJE U UDŽBENIKU ITALIJANSKOG JEZIKA NUOVO ESPRESSO 1 – VIDEO CORSO I CAFFÈ CULTURALE
Authors: Badovinac Jelena V. , Vlaškalić Nebojša S.
Published: December 2021

U ovom istraživanju ćemo izdvojiti elemente italijanske kulture i civilizacije prikazane u kratkim video-zapisima (Video corso) i zasebnim, namenski osmišljenim, tekstualnim celinama (Caffè culturale) koji prate sve nastavne jedinice u udžbeniku italijanskog jezika Nuovo Espresso 1. Cilj rada je da analizira ovaj korpus, te naglasi njegovu didaktičku korisnost u procesu učenja i usvajanja italijanskog jezika i kulture. Imajući u vidu raznolikost materijala koji ćemo analizirati, razvrstaćemo ga po tematskim celinama kako bismo preglednije predočili koliko je učenje stranog jezika neodvojivo od učenja o ciljnoj kulturi. Istražićemo kako tekstualni i video-prikazi dopunjavaju kulturološke aspekte jezika, te olakšavaju proces učenja i usvajanja italijanskog jezika i kulture na početnom nivou, što doprinosi kvalitetnijoj interkulturalnoj kompetenciji učenika pri komunikaciji s izvornim govornicima.
PERFECTIVE AND IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT: A CASE STYDY OF L2 SERBIAN STUDENTS OF MODERN GREEK
Authors: Stojičić Vojkan B. , Lampropoulou Martha P.
Published: December 2021

This paper attempts to highlight common errors made by Serbian learners of L2 Modern Greek in relation to verbal aspect. It begins by exploring terms such as aspect and perfectivity in the Modern Greek language and then presents an analysis based on the written performance of our sample group. This analysis is crucial since it examines the way in which the written production of the participants evolved over the four years of their academic studies, something that deepens our understanding of the way this grammatical area is acquired by Serbian learners.