bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Llamaradas Estelares: Modeling the Morphology of White-light Flares
Authors: Mendoza Guadalupe Tovar , Davenport James R. A. , Agol Eric , Jackman James A. G. , Hawley Suzanne L.
Published: June 2022

Stellar variability is a limiting factor for planet detection and characterization, particularly around active M-type stars. Here we revisit one of the most active stars from the Kepler mission, the M4 star GJ 1243, and use a sample of 414 flare events from 11 months of 1-minute cadence light curves to study the empirical morphology of white-light stellar flares. We use a Gaussian process detrending technique to account for the underlying starspots. We present an improved analytic, continuous flare template that is generated by stacking the flares onto a scaled time and amplitude and uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to fit the model. Our model is defined using classical flare events but can also be used to model complex, multipeaked flare events. We demonstrate the utility of our model using TESS data at the 10-minute, 2-minute, and 20 s cadence modes. Our new flare model code is made publicly available on GitHub.
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https://github.com/lupitatovar/Llamaradas-Estelares
A New Method for Direct Measurement of Isotopologue Ratios in Protoplanetary Disks: A Case Study of the 12CO/13CO Ratio in the TW Hya Disk
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiro C. , Nomura Hideko , Furuya Kenji , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Lee Seokho
Published: June 2022

Planetary systems are thought to be born in protoplanetary disks. Isotope ratios are a powerful tool for investigating the material origin and evolution from molecular clouds to planetary systems via protoplanetary disks. However, it is challenging to measure the isotope (isotopologue) ratios, especially in protoplanetary disks, because the emission lines of major species are saturated. We developed a new method to overcome these challenges by using optically thin line wings induced by thermal broadening. As a first application of the method, we analyzed two carbon monoxide isotopologue lines, 12CO 3–2 and 13CO 3–2, from archival observations of a protoplanetary disk around TW Hya with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The 12CO/13CO ratio was estimated to be 21 ± 5 at disk radii of 70–110 au, which is significantly smaller than the value observed in the local interstellar medium, ∼69. It implies that an isotope exchange reaction occurs in a low-temperature environment with C/O > 1. In contrast, it is suggested that 12CO/13CO is higher than ∼84 in the outer disk (r > 130 au), which can be explained by the difference in the binding energy of the isotopologues on dust grains and the CO gas depletion processes. Our results imply that the gas-phase 12CO/13CO can vary by a factor of >4 even inside a protoplanetary disk and therefore can be used to trace material evolution in disks.
Profound purification of tellurium, zinc and cadmium for electronic applications
Authors: Abryutin Vladimir N. , Davydova Elena V. , Egorov Mikhail A. , Maronchuk Igor I. , Sanikovich Daria D.
Published: June 2022

A combined method of profound purification of Cd, Zn and Te developed by the Authors and allowing one to produce high-purity materials in a vertical reactor unit has been considered. The method includes the following processes: filtration refinement of metal alloy with the possibility of its vacuum degassing and additional purification through an oxide layer; first distillation with the possibility to use gettering additions in the melt and gettering filters; melt degassing with the removal of highly volatile impurities to the condenser in rough vacuum; second distillation and metal casting for weighed quantities. The Authors have developed and produced a test model of the unit for the experimental profound purification of metals using the method developed herein. Physical experiments have been conducted for obtaining 99,9999 wt.% purity Cd, Zn and Te for 30 residual impurities with a product yield of at least 55%.
Identifying the key development areas for small nuclear power plants
Authors: Soloviev Sergey L. , Zaryugin Denis G. , Kalyakin Sergey G. , Leskin Sergey T.
Published: June 2022

The paper considers the key characteristics of the small nuclear power plant (SNPP) modular design, demonstrates the possibility for reducing the construction cost and time for this class of plants due to factory fabrication, the effect of series manufacturing, and less redundant safety systems. It has been shown that it is possible to extend considerably the fields of application for nuclear technologies thanks to modularity and the possibility of ensuring high safety indicators. Potential applications for SNPPs have been analyzed, including power supply to remote (Arctic) territories, switchover from (renovation of) coal-based electricity generation, high-potential heat and hydrogen production for commercial consumers, and other applications. Rationale has been provided for most typical consumer requirements that define the greatest efficiency of the SNPP application in the given field. The need has been shown for developing and introducing a new technology platform for the SNPP-based nuclear power to decarbonize globally the world economy thanks to expanding greatly the application of nuclear power technologies in addition to the technology platform currently developed for the CNFC with fast reactors (addressing the objective of fuel supply and waste recycling) and the controlled nuclear fusion technology platform (addressing the objective of long-term global energy supply). The new platform needs to be based on an extensive international cooperation involving the formation of international consortiums. It has been proposed that a test site be set up to elaborate hydrogen (heat) production technologies for an individual commercial consumer (captive production) and other technologies for the practical use of SNPPs based on a pilot demonstration nuclear power plant.
Imagination, education for the future and democratic culture: Educational policies in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Casadellà Marina , Massip-Sabater Mariona , González-Monfort Neus , Dias-Gomes Alfredo , Barroso-Hortas Maria-João
Published: June 2022

In a historical moment, where the future is considered a threat, it seems highly relevant to teach the ability to imagine desirable futures. In line with this, Education for the Future (EF), from the Anglo-Saxon tradition, represents a reference to give a response to negative images about the idea of the future. On the other hand, the competences for democratic culture defined by the Council of Europe provide the basis for the elaboration of a theoretical framework that includes the imagination of democratic and sustainable futures as one of its main conceptual axes. Given this theoretical context, this study analyses official documents of public policies carried out in the Iberian context, to examine the treatment of the idea of future in education systems. Specifically, three levels of public policies have been studied: state educational laws, primary education curricula and institutional teacher training policies. The public policies have been analysed using the normative method of content analysis, with a syntactic sampling strategy, calculating the absolute and relative frequency of the units of analysis. Results show that there are few references to the construction of the concept of the future in public policies and suggest that the opportunity to educate others on the imagination of desirable futures may be being wasted.

En un momento histórico en el que el futuro se concibe como una amenaza, parece altamente relevante educar en la capacidad de imaginar futuros deseables. En esta línea, la Educación para el Futuro (EpF), de tradición anglosajona, representa una referencia de trabajo para responder a las imágenes negativas sobre la idea del provenir. Por otro lado, las competencias de cultura democrática definidas por el Consejo de Europa dan pie a la elaboración de un marco teórico que incluye la imaginación de futuros democráticos y sostenibles como uno de sus principales ejes conceptuales. Dada esta interjección teórica, el presente estudio analiza documentos oficiales de políticas públicas llevadas a cabo en ámbito ibérico, para examinar el tratamiento de la idea de futuro en los sistemas educativos. Concretamente, se han estudiado políticas públicas a tres niveles: leyes educativas estatales, currículos de Educación Primaria y políticas institucionales de formación docente, para indagar cuál es la presencia del eje conceptual sobre la imaginación de futuros en estos documentos. Las políticas públicas han sido analizadas mediante el método normativo de análisis de contenido, con una estrategia de muestreo sintáctico, calculando la frecuencia absoluta y relativa de unidades de análisis. Los resultados muestran que hay escasas referencias a la construcción del concepto de futuro en las políticas públicas, y dan a entender que se puede estar desaprovechando la oportunidad de educar para la imaginación de futuros deseables.
Sortir du campement. Entrer dans le village-monde : État des lieux et perspectives de l’Afrique au XXI e siècle
Authors: Rossatanga-Rignault Guy
Published: June 2022

La présente contribution vise à rendre compte des réalités sociopolitiques de l’Afrique à partir du paradigme du « campement-comptoir » qui montre une façon particulière d’être en soi et au monde faite, entre autres, d’extraversion, de provisoire qui dure et de haine du droit. Après avoir défini les contours du « campement-comptoir », on en fournira quelques illustrations, à partir du vécu et des postures des élites scientifiques et politiques africaines qui n’apparaissent trop souvent que sous la figure de gérants de « campements-comptoirs » postcoloniaux dont ils peinent à sortir, même si de nouvelles perspectives géopolitiques peuvent en faciliter la sortie.
Liberté et grande vulnérabilité
Authors: Charazac Pierre
Published: June 2022

Du point de vue psychique aussi bien que physique, il est difficile de conjuguer liberté et grande vulnérabilité. La vulnérabilité des patients âgés mais aussi celle des soignants réduisent la liberté de pensée et d’agir. Elle impose des contraintes matérielles qui limitent la liberté d’action et placent les soignants devant des injonctions contradictoires, pour ne pas dire paradoxales. Cette liberté s’acquiert, se perd et se regagne sans cesse.
Geometric singular perturbation of a nonlocal partially degenerate model for Aedes aegypti
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhao Hongyong , Wang Hao
Published: June 2022

This paper is devoted to investigate the existence of traveling wave solutions for a partially degenerate Aedes aegypti model with nonlocal effects. By taking specific kernel forms and time scale transformation, we transform the nonlocal model into a singularly perturbed system with small parameters. A locally invariant manifold for wave profile system is obtained with the aid of the geometric singular perturbation theory, and then the existence of traveling wave solutions is proved provided that the basic reproduction number \begin{document}$ \mathcal{R}_0>1 $\end{document} through utilizing the Fredholm orthogonal method. Furthermore, we study the asymptotic behaviors of traveling wave solution with the help of asymptotic theory. The methods used in this work can help us overcome the difficulty that the solution map associated with the system is not compact. Numerically, we perform simulations to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Polynomial preserving recovery and a posteriori error estimates for the two-dimensional quad-curl problem
Authors: Zhang Baiju , Zhang Zhimin
Published: June 2022

We analyze superconvergence property of the lowest order curl-curl conforming finite element method based on polynomial preserving recovery (PPR) for the two-dimensional quad-curl problem on triangular meshes. We observe that the linear interpolation of \begin{document}$ \nabla \times \boldsymbol u_h $\end{document} (\begin{document}$ \boldsymbol u_h $\end{document} is the numerical solution) can be written as a linear combination of solutions of two discrete Poisson equations obtained by the usual linear finite element method. Therefore, the superconvergence analysis of the quad-curl problem can be attributed to the analysis of the Poisson equation. Then, with the help of the existing superconvergence results for the Poisson equation, we prove that recovered \begin{document}$ \nabla \times \nabla \times \boldsymbol u_h $\end{document} (by applying PPR to \begin{document}$ \nabla \times \boldsymbol u_h $\end{document}) is superconvergent to \begin{document}$ \nabla \times \nabla \times \boldsymbol u $\end{document}. Based on this superconvergent result, we derive an asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimator. Numerical tests are provided to demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method and confirm our theoretical findings.
En territorio hostil: una aproximación cualitativa a experiencias de violencia entre empleadas de hogar migrantes
Authors: Paniagua de la Iglesia Tania
Published: June 2022

El empleo doméstico y de cuidados se ha consolidado como uno de los principales nichos de empleo femenino migrante en España. Las investigaciones realizadas remarcan la notoria precariedad material a la que está expuesta su fuerza de trabajo. No obstante, la producción científica en torno a la violencia cotidiana que atravesaría las relaciones en este nicho de trabajo es mucho más escasa. A través de un estudio cualitativo que recoge la experiencia profesional de empleadas de hogar migrantes, se han explorado múltiples experiencias de violencia. Estas vivencias manifiestan la persistencia de un modelo relacional profundamente asimétrico, atravesado por diversos ejes de desigualdad y poder. Un estatus administrativo irregular, junto con unas condiciones de asentamiento precarias, han sido aquellas contingencias en las que se ha manifestado con mayor rotundidad la exposición a la violencia entre las mujeres entrevistadas.
El comercio electrónico en España (2019): un ejemplo de tercera brecha digital
Authors: De Marco Stefano
Published: June 2022

El comercio electrónico es un uso avanzado de Internet cada vez más difundido entre la población. Sin embargo, hay razones para pensar que las desigualdades originadas por la tercera brecha digital hagan que esta difusión no sea uniforme. Usando el caso de estudio español y los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, se quiere averiguar si el nivel de recursos educativos, materiales y digitales de los internautas favorece la adopción de este uso de Internet y si ayuda a evitar los problemas que de ello se pueden desprender (productos defectuosos, problemas en el cobro, etc.). Para ello, se implementan un modelo de regresión logística y una regresión de Poisson. Los resultados muestran que, en línea con los planteamientos de la desigualdad digital, los internautas con mayor nivel de recursos incorporan más fácilmente el comercio electrónico en sus vidas diarias y tienen mayor probabilidad de evitar los problemas a ello asociados.
Role of Artificial Intelligence on Cybersecurity and Its Control
Authors: Rath Ramesh Chandra , Baral Sukanta Kumar , Goel Richa
Published: June 2022

Cyber security is paramount in all aspects of life, particularly in digital technology. Stories of artificial intelligence and data breaches, ID theft, cracking the security code, operating machines with remote sensors, and other such incidents abound, affecting millions of individuals and organizations. The problems in developing appropriate controls and processes and applying them with utmost precision to combat cyber-attacks and crimes have always been unending. With recent advances in artificial intelligence, the ever-increasing danger of cyber-attacks and crimes has grown tremendously. It has been used in nearly every branch of research and engineering. AI has sparked a revolution in everything from healthcare to robotics. This ball of fire could not be kept away from cyber thieves, and therefore, “normal” cyber-attacks have evolved into “intelligent” cyber-attacks. The authors of this chapter attempt to discuss prospective artificial intelligence approaches to use such strategies in cyber security for expecting outcome-based conclusions related to future research work.
6G and Next Gen Networks With Ultra-Dense Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: M. Rekha , Mariappan Bhuvaneswari
Published: June 2022

Fifth-generation (5G) communication will be formally released very soon, with several more characteristics than fourth-generation communication. Between 2027 and 2030, a revolutionary wireless transmission paradigm, the 6G network, with full artificial intelligence integration, is projected to be implemented. Faster ultimate bearing ability, higher bandwidth speed, reduced dormancy, and enhanced quality of service (QoS) compared to 5G systems are among some of the key challenges that need to be resolved throughout 5G. This chapter discusses the variations of 6G data transmission and its system architectures. It gives a thorough look at the 6G network's specifications, including the wireless medium and various technologies. More specifically, this chapter emphasizes the different features of the planned 6G networks using ultra-dense heterogeneous network (UD HetNets) scenarios and implementations. This chapter explores the 5G/6G network's key performance indicators (KPI), difficulties, and research directions.
Wireless Brain-Computer Interface (WBCI) and 6G Technology Security Issues, Safety Mechanisms
Authors: Ganesan Saravana Kumar , V. Parthasarathy , M. Arunachalam , A. M. Viswa Bharathy
Published: June 2022

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a communication system that does not depend upon the brain's normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles. Wireless brain-computer interface (WBCI) systems are a branch of BCI systems with an exclusive method to acquire the electrical activities of the brain, that is, electroencephalogram (EEG) using an effective non-invasive, implantable electrode scheme and employment of wireless communication schemes to transfer the acquired EEG for further processing. The five paramount security and privacy issues are authentication, access control, malicious behavior, encryption, and communication. With the appropriate implementation of the wireless BCI in the context of 6G technology, this chapter presents a comprehensive overview of WBCI and 6G technology and outlines artificial intelligence-based schemes' utility to address security and privacy issues arising out of 6G network deployment to the contexts revolving around WBCIs.
Machine Learning Algorithms for 6G Wireless Networks
Authors: Patil Anita , Iyer Sridhar , Pandya Rahul J.
Published: June 2022

Over the past decade, in view of minimizing network expenditures, optimizing network performance, and building new revenue streams, wireless technology has been integrated with artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML). Further, there occurs dramatic minimization of power consumption and improvement in system performance when traditional algorithms are replaced with deep learning-based AI techniques. Implementation of ML algorithms enables wireless networks to advance in terms of offering high automation levels from distributed AI/ML architectures applicable at network edge and implementing application-based traffic steering across access networks. This has enabled dynamic network slicing for addressing different scenarios with varying quality of service requirements and has provided ubiquitous connectivity across various 6G communication platforms. Keeping a view of the aforementioned, in this chapter, the authors present a survey of various ML techniques that are applicable to 6G wireless networks. They also list open problems of research that require timely solutions.
Security and Privacy Issues in the Internet of Things
Authors: Sridevi  , Patil Apoorva Shripad
Published: June 2022

The internet of things describes the connection of distinctive embedded computing devices within the internet. It is the network of connection of physical things that has electronics that have been embedded within their architecture in order to sense and communicate to an external environment. IoT has turned up as a very powerful and promising technology, which brings up significant economic, social, and technical development. Meanwhile, it also brings up various security challenges. At present, nearly nine billion ‘things' (physical objects) are connected to the internet. Security is the major concern nowadays as the risks have very high consequences. This chapter presents a detailed view on the internet of things and the advancements of various technologies like cloud, fog, edge computing, IoT architectures, along with various technologies used to prevent and resolve these security and privacy issues of IoT. Finally, future research opportunities and challenges are discussed.
Entropy-Based Feature Selection for Network Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Devaraju Sellappan , Ramakrishnan Srinivasan , Jawahar Sundaram , Soni Dheresh , Somasundaram Alagappan
Published: June 2022

A network intrusion detection system (NIDS) has a significant role in an industry or organization to protect their data. NIDS should be more reliable to manage huge traffic over the networks to detect the emerging attacks. In this chapter, novel entropy-based feature selection is proposed to select the important features of intrusion detection system. Feature selection reduces the computational time and improves detection rates. In entropy, within-class entropies and between-class entropies are computed for the various classes of intrusion in the KDD dataset. Based on computed entropy values, features are ranked and selected. Radial basis neural network (RBNN) is employed as a classifier. Performances of the proposed entropy-based feature selection algorithm are evaluated using the 10% dataset for training and two other datasets for testing. The proposed system shows significant improvement in the detection rate, reduces the false positive rate (FPR), and also reduces the computational time.
Secure Authentication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Goyal S. B. , Bedi Pradeep , Rajawat Anand Singh , Shrivastava Divya Prakash
Published: June 2022

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is capable of monitoring, fetching, and transmitting data from one place to another in any condition. The internet of things (IoT) network, a type of WSN, and its protection have always been a big problem. There are lots of risks related to security in this network. Authentication of node identity is an essential security concern. Conventional security algorithms for IoT rely on trustworthy third parties. They might fail at a single stage point. Therefore, in this chapter, the model is proposed as the solution to the security concerns by blockchain concepts. So, in this chapter, a trust model is introduced based on blockchain for WSN for communicating with several nodes without having any risks related to security.
Assessment of Service Quality of Payment Wallet Services in India Using the Servqual Model
Authors: Saraswat Pranav , Chouhan Vineet
Published: June 2022

In India, 40 companies are currently providing the electronic wallet service for approximately 500 million mobile internet users, and this number is constantly growing. For the payment wallets, the key strategy for the success and survival of any business depends on the service quality it provides to its customers. Thus, with such a huge number of consumers using these services, it is essential to study how effective and consumer friendly these new age payment instruments are. The payment wallets being a new concept in the financial market may not be easily accepted by the consumers. Consumers above the age of 40 may not feel comfortable in using the electronic modes of payments, especially where the payment wallet market is majorly dominated by private players. The data collected from 1000 respondents has been interpreted with the help of the SERVQUAL model for the payment wallets. The Paired t test for all payment wallets revealed an expected and perception gap, and the level of satisfaction is measured with ANOVA analysis revealing that PayTm has better perception.
Linguistic Liberation
Authors: Tomlin Antione D. , Davis Lavon
Published: June 2022

This chapter will explore, question, and critique linguistic diversity, in general, and English, specifically, concerning lived Black experiences. The authors recognize linguistic diversity as acknowledging and accepting the many language varieties people hold and bring with them in the spaces they enter. By understanding this concept, they aim to provide a deeper perspective into how Black male educators in higher education face challenges regarding linguistic diversity. The experiences are often overshadowed by linguistic hegemony that is rooted in white supremacy, so they aim to provide a deeper understanding of the experiences of Black male educators to promote linguistic liberation. This chapter will explore the experiences of both Black male professionals and illuminate the challenges and opportunities faced in relation to linguistic diversity from their personal narratives. They aim to share the importance and value of creating Black space within whiteness to share linguistic backgrounds and stories.
Teaching Refugee and Immigrant Adults
Authors: Peyton Joy Kreeft , Cheffy Ian , Haznedar Belma - , Miles Katharine , Minuz Fernanda , Young-Scholten Martha
Published: June 2022

This chapter concerns adult migrants to a new country who are learning the language and literacy of the country and have limited education and literacy in their heritage language. After describing this learner population, the authors discuss trends in language education in different countries, as programs and practitioners have sought to serve them, which include a shift toward respecting and developing their heritage language. The authors describe a set of professional development modules designed to help practitioners work with this learner population, focusing on one of the modules, Bilingualism. This addresses the languages that learners speak when they come to the new countries, how practitioners can facilitate development of these languages, and the resources they need to do this. The chapter concludes with a description of an online hub with links to resources in learners' languages, which is available to educators, materials developers, learners, parents of children, and others.
Urinary Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 7 Enhanced Risk Prediction for Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Postoperative Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jia Huimiao , Zheng Yue , Huang Lifeng , Li Wenxiong
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Introduction:

The current study is to identify the performance of urinary tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) for predicting renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation and mortality in postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) patients.

Methods:

Postoperative AKI patients were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. The biomarkers of urinary TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 were detected at the time AKI diagnosed (day 0) and 24 h later (day 1). The primary endpoint was the initiation of RRT, and the secondary endpoint was 30-day mortality. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the performance of biomarkers for the prediction of RRT requirement.

Results:

There were 220 AKI patients enrolled in this study. Among the 220 patients, 33 (15.0%) initiated RRT during intensive care units period. Urinary (TIMP-2) × (IGFBP7), TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 on day 1 had fair performance for predict RRT initiation, the predictive area under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.792 (0.732, 0.843), 0.784 (0.724, 0.837), and 0.770 (0.709, 0.824), respectively, with no significant difference. When they combined with clinically independent risk factors (nonrenal sequential organ failure assessment score, duration of surgery procedure, and serum creatinine at the time of AKI diagnosed) to construct predictive models for predicting RRT. The AUCs were greatly improved to be good. The best AUC was achieved by TIMP-2, which was 0.866 (0.814, 0.908). All of the biomarkers performed poor predictive values for predicting 30-day mortality.

Conclusion:

Urine concentrations of (TIMP-2) × (IGFBP7), TIMP-2 alone, and IGFBP7 alone on AKI day 1 show fair value for prediction of RRT initiation. However, they fail to predict 30-day mortality.
Exploring Household Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene and Acute Diarrhea among Children in St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jubayer Ahmed , Hafizul Islam Md. , Nowar Abira , Islam Saiful
Published: June 2022

Basic sanitation, safe drinking water, and proper hygiene practice may lessen the burden of waterborne illnesses and neglected tropical diseases. The current study sought, for the first time, to evaluate household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices and acute diarrhea among children under 5 years of age and their associated factors on St. Martin’s Island. Two hundred one households with at least one child aged under 5 years were interviewed using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire designed according to UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene 2019 and on-the-spot observations. Multiple logistic regression analyses investigated the association between potential sociodemographic characteristics, WASH components, and acute diarrhea. Almost all sampled households (99.5%) had improved drinking water facilities. More than one-third (36.5%) did not have an improved sanitation facility, and open defecation was reported by 12.4% of study subjects. Only one-third of respondents reported washing their hands with soap or detergent after defecation, and approximately 29% of respondents reported sharing their toilet with other family members. A handwashing station with soap and water was observed in only 14.4% of cases, whereas more than 22% had none. More than one-quarter (26.4%) of children aged under 5 years were reported to experience acute diarrhea. Access to WASH facilities and the occurrence of acute diarrhea were found to be associated with a set of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Sanitation facilities are limited and inappropriate WASH practices are prevalent in the studied population with linkage to diarrhea in children; therefore, urgent attention is needed to improve WASH facilities and encourage health-promoting WASH behavior in St. Martin’s Island population.
Metodologia WebQuest nas aulas de Matemática em contexto de pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Silva Vítor Marinho , Oliveira Carloney Alves de
Published: June 2022

O ensino de Matemática no cenário de aulas remotas, em virtude da pandemia da Covid-19, tem implicado em “arranjos” nos fazeres docentes, desde o “como ensinar” ao “como avaliar” as aprendizagens dos alunos. Este trabalho trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa do tipo exploratória, que definiu por objetivo investigar como o uso da metodologia WebQuest pode auxiliar o professor de Matemática.  Os resultados indicam, por um lado, que fazer uso da metodologia WebQuest contribui no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos. Por outro lado, possibilita a comunicação deles com o professor e desenvolve a capacidade de aprendizado a partir da investigação e colaboração com outros alunos.
Sarcasm Detection in Online Social Networks Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: BİNGOL Harun , YILDIRIM Muhammed
Published: June 2022

Our lives have completely changed since the Internet came into our lives. Role models for people are not only the people around them but people all over the world. Although there are positive aspects of this situation, we will deal with the negative aspects in this study. One of these negative aspects is that people share their ideas on social networks without any supervision. In this way, people who use social networks are told offensive words by people they do not know in real life. Sometimes these words are not directly insulting, but they are expressed sarcastically and annoy the interlocutor. In this study, the detection of sarcastic words in social networks is considered a classification problem. Since the data type used in the proposed method is text-based, both text mining and machine learning methods are used together. In this study, the sarcastic word classification process was carried out using a data set obtained from the Twitter social network, which includes two public classes. The performance of the proposed method was obtained with the Random Forest algorithm with an accuracy of 94.9%.
Adana İlinde Satışa Sunulan Yaş ve Kuru Yolum Yapılmış Tavuk Etlerinin Mikrobiyolojik Yönden Karşılaştırılması
Authors: YENİLMEZ Fatma
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, günümüz tavukçuluğunda kesimdeki tüy yolma yöntemlerinin hijyeni konusundaki tartışmalara bir açıklık getirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, yaş ve kuru tüy yolma yöntemleri uygulanarak satışa sunulan karkaslardan elde edilen but ve göğüs etlerinde mikrobiyolojik kaliteyi belirlemek amacıyla Toplam Mezofilik Aerobik Bakteri (TMAB), Toplam Küf-Maya düzeyleri ve Salmonella ssp. durumları araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 12 farklı marketten satın alınan toplam 24 et örneği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yaş ve kuru yolum yapılan but ve göğüs örneklerinde Toplam Mezofilik Aerobik Bakteri ve Toplam Küf-Maya düzeyleri bakımından gruplar arasında farkın önemli olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sulu yolum uygulanmış butlarda 1 adet ve kuru yolum uygulanmış göğüslerde 1 adet Salmonella ssp. tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar kesimde sulu veya kuru tüy yolma yöntemi uygulamasının etlerde bulunan mikroorganizma düzeyi üzerine bir etkisinin bulunmadığını göstermiştir.
Characterization and Classification of Soil on Varying Lithology in Okigwe Imo Southern Eastern, Nigeria
Authors: OBİNECHE Christopher , ORİAKU Patricia
Published: June 2022

The field study was carried out in Okigwe South-eastern Nigeria. Three profiles were sunk in soils of each of each parent material. Soil samples were subjected to routine and standard laboratory analysis for selected physic- chemical properties. The morphological and physic-chemical properties of the soils varied widely, sand size particles dominated other particle sizes with the mean values of 448, 538 and 648 g kg-1 on sandstone, while soils derived from Imo clay shale was 583 g kg-1 for Umuna. Clay in Imo Clay Shale and bulk density recorded highest values at NIHORT 1, 416 and 15 g kg-1 respectively. All pedons exhibited sandy clay loam on topsoil and relatively more clayey subsoil. Total nitrogen correlated positively and significantly (0.5) with organic matter in both soils. Clay correlated negatively with ECEC in sandstone and positively in clay shale, and both were not significant. The soils derived from false bedded sandstone (NIHORT 1, 2 and 3) were classified according to USDA soil Taxonomy as Inceptic Paleudults which translate to Dystric Nitisols in WRB system. Soils from Umuna were classified as Typic Hapludalf USDA and soils from NIHORT 1, 2 and 3 were classified as class II of the USDA capability classification system. Umuna was classified in class III. In conclusion the soils of these two parent materials sustain farm produce, if proper land use practices and special conservation for selected crop production are adopted.
Effect of Fermentation on Drying Characteristics of Three Varieties of Trifoliate Yam
Authors: PATRICK EJIKE Ide , OBİAGELİ Ugwuanti-nnadi , EKETE Eje Brendan
Published: June 2022

This study determined the effect of fermentation on drying characteristics of trifoliate yam varieties (white, yellow and deep-yellow trifoliate yam). Thin layer drying method was adopted using oven dry method at constant drying temperature of 700C with air velocity of 2.35 m s-1 and relative humidity 35%. The unfermented samples shoed lower values of drying constant than the fermented samples. The drying constant of unfermented samples of Trifoliate Yam A, B and C (A= Deep-Yellow, B= White, C= Yellow) were -0.729, 1.3972 and 0.2787, respectively. While, the drying constant of fermented samples of Trifoliate Yam D, E and F (D= Deep-Yellow, E= White, F= Yellow) were -0.776,-0.763 and 1.5815, respectively. The drying rate of the samples solely dependent on the magnitude of drying constants sequel to this, fermented samples with larger magnitude of drying constant will dry faster than the unfermented samples with lower drying constant. Best fit equations and relationship between moisture content and drying time were developed with correlation coefficient (R2) higher than 0.94. The sample A, B, C, D, E and F reached a constant moisture ratio of 0.021, 0.015, 0.021, 0.015, 0.014 and 0.016 at drying time of 540, 600, 600, 480, 540 and 540 minutes, respectively. Sample B and C had highest drying time followed by sample A, E and F while sample D had the lowest value of drying time. The fermentation had significant effect on the drying characteristics of trifoliate yam slices and drying of trifoliate yam samples occurred solely in the falling rate period which showed that internal moisture diffusion phenomenon is dominant and controlled the drying process.
Analysing the Sensitivity of SVM Kernels on Hyperspectral Imagery for Land Use Land Cover Classification
Authors: Sahithi Veeramallu Satya , Krishna Iyyanki V Murali , Giridhar M V S S
Published: June 2022

Support Vector Machine is a non- parametric statistical learning theory-based machine learning technique that classifies the data by maximising the margin between two classes by constructing a hyperplane between them. Although SVM’s are well known for binary classification problems, for multiclass classification problems- they use certain kernels, to turn the linear boundaries into non-linear boundaries in a higher dimensional feature space. In this context, the type of kernel used in non-linear SVMs have a profound effect on final performance of SVM classifier. The current study focuses on analysing the sensitivity of various linear and non-linear SVM kernels and parameters used in them for classifying 10 different land use/cover features from remotely sensed space borne hyperspectral image. Forty five different models were tested to analyse the performance of each kernel with varying penalty values for classification of land use/land cover classes. Analysis of the classified maps was made based on the final overall accuracy, error/penalty parameter and degree of polynomial. Experimental results show that SVM with RBF kernel outperformed the other kernels with an overall accuracy of 90.63%, with an error penalty of 100 and a gamma value of 0.006 followed by polynomial kernel of degree 2.
University Social Responsibility from the Transformative Ecofeminism Perspective
Authors: Widianingsih Luky , Triyuwono Iwan , Djamhuri Ali , Rosidi Rosidi
Published: June 2022

This study aims to find conceptual innovations, with a focus on the scope of University Social Responsibility in the perspective of transformative ecofeminism. The basic belief that guides action in this research is the transformative worldview. The research approach is based on feminism with the data collection process carried out by observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and FGDs. The two data research rigour strategies chosen were to maintain the credibility (internal validity) and reliability of the research data through triangulation of techniques and sources and to carefully review the documentation of research procedures/protocols and databases. The presentation of data and the results of the study used a “spiral data analysis.” This process was carried out by data management, making memos, categorizing, and interpreting data to presenting the final research report. The sample is stated with ten key informants used as participants. The results of the study provide a framework for the scope of USR, which consists of eight dimensions in which there are 27 indicators that direct the university's actions in realizing its social responsibility. IPE (Integrity, Professionalism, Entrepreneurship) organizational culture becomes a reinforcing value in realizing the goals of each dimension.
TÜRKİYE VE SEÇİLMİŞ OECD ÜLKELERİNDE EĞİTİM VE KALKINMA İLİŞKİSİNİN SINANMASI: ARDL MODELİYLE KANITLAR
Authors: TUNÇ Kadir
Published: June 2022

İktisadi kalkınma terimi basit bir ifade ile toplumu oluşturan her bireyin refah düzeyini ifade etmektedir. Bireyin refah düzeyi sahip olduğu sosyal ve ekonomik yapı ile ilişkilidir. Bireyin davranışlarında kasıtlı istendik davranış değişikliği oluşturma süreci eğitim olarak ifade edilir. Eğitim ile insanların bilgi ve birikimlerini arttırmak, sosyalleşmelerini sağlamak, ekonomik yapının değişip gelişmesini sağlamak mümkündür. İktisadi kalkınma ve ekonomik büyümenin en önemli beşeri sermayesi insandır. İnsan sermayesinin iyi eğitilmiş olarak verimli hale getirilmesi nitelikli işgücünün artması demektir. Sürekli değişen üretim teknikleri ve teknolojik yenilikler bunu gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye ve OECD ülkelerinin yaptıkları eğitim harcamaları ile GSYH büyüme oranının karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Türkiye ile seçilmiş OECD ülkelerinin 1985-2015 yılları arasında yaptıkları Eğitim harcamaları ile İktisadi kalkınma ilişkisi ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Eğitim harcamaları ve İktisadi kalkınma değişkenleri arasındaki uzun dönem ve kısa dönem ilişkisine bakılmış daha sonra değişkenler arasında Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde Eğitim harcamalarının İktisadi Kalkınma üzerinde uzun dönemli pozitif etkisinin olduğu, kısa dönemde ise dalgalanmalar olsa da uzun dönemde dengeye gelebileceği görülmüştür. Ayrıca eğitim harcamaları ile iktisadi kalkınma değişkenleri arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Molecular organic framework formed by the ligand of diphenylamine and succinic acid with nickel nitrate
Authors: Suganya G  , Kavitha B  , Meenakshi M
Published: June 2022

The crystal of Diphenylamine, succinic acid with metal of different concentration can be grown. The crystals of Diphenylamine, succinic acid with Nickel Nitrate of different concentration can be easily prepared and it is done by simple solution technique by adopting hydrothermal method to produce quality crystals. The crystals were subjected to various characterization studies like UV, FTIR and optical Microscopic Analysis.
A comparative study of adsorption of acid blue 9 and brilliant green from aqueous solution by activated carbon derived from coconut shell and palmyra fruit nut shell
Authors: Dr.Vasuki M  , Punitha S  , Karthika M
Published: June 2022

Synthetic dye stuffs are extensively used for textile dyeing and other industrial applications. The textile industries generate large volumes of waste water which contains toxic compounds. The disposal of these wastes into water bodies causes damage to the environment. These effluents require prior treatment before being discharged into the water bodies to prevent water pollution. The aim of this study is to investigate the adsorption of the textile dyes like Acid Blue 9 and Brilliant Green from aqueous solution over activated carbon prepared from coconut shell(CSC) and palmyra fruit nut shell(PFSC) at different reaction parameters. CSC has higher removal efficiency for these two dyes than PFSC. Adsorption data were fitted well with Freundlich isotherm and the kinetic data followed a pseudo-second order model in addition to intra-particle diffusion model ( with removal more than 99%) at all conditions.
Seasonal variation of heavy metal analysis of ground water in and around senthurai taluk in ariyalur district – Tamilnadu.
Authors: Dr. Mohamed Sihabudeen M  , Sirajudeen J  , Arulnangai R
Published: June 2022

A Total 16 ground water samples were collected in and around sendurai taluk in Ariyalur district during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed in order to find out pollution impact. The heavy metal analyses Cu, Zn, Ir, Pb and Ni were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the results were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO 2011) Standard Values. The heavy metal ions are toxic to human health. This study suggests that the preventive measures which are to be adopted to control the contamination of excess Lead and Nickel present in the water.
Covid-19 Pandemisinde İmmünonütrientlerin Önemi: Arjinin, Glutamin ve Omega-3 Yağ Asitleri
Authors: KAYA Şeyda , TÜRKER Perim
Published: June 2022

İlk kez Çin’in Vuhan şehrinde Aralık 2019 tarihinde görülüp Mart 2020 tarihinde WHO tarafından pandemi olarak bildirilen koronavirüs salgını o tarihten bu yana tüm dünyayı etkisi altına almıştır. Koronavirüs hastalığı yeni tip koronavirüs olarak adlandırılan SARS-Cov-2 virüsünün neden olduğu, soğuk algınlığı semptomları, zatüre, çoklu organ yetmezliği, yaygın damar içi pıhtılaşma gibi semptomları bulunan ve ölümcül olabilen bir hastalıktır. Şu anda Covid-19 enfeksiyonunun tedavisinde antiviral, antibakteriyel, antimalaryal ajanlar kullanılmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra DNA-RNA bazlı, viral vektör tabanlı, inaktif virüs gibi SARS-CoV-2 aşıları geliştirilmiş ve geliştirilmeye devam etmektedir. Öte yandan bağışıklığın güçlenmesinde son derece etkin olan bazı immünonutrientler, Covid-19 enfeksiyonunun seyrinin iyileşmesinde ve semptomlarının hafiflemesinde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu derleme yazıda, arjinin, glutamin ve omega-3 yağ asitlerinin Covid-19 enfeksiyonundaki etkinliğinin incelendiği çalışmalar ile ulusal/uluslararası kılavuzlar ele alınmıştır.
Klinik Uygulama Deneyimi Yaşayan Öğrenci Hemşirelerin Depresyon Düzeyleri ve Bakım Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖNVER Büşra Aleyna , ÜNLÜSOY DİNÇER Nigar
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Çalışma klinik uygulama deneyimi yaşayan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeyleri ile bakım davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı ilişkisel araştırma tasarımında gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Yöntem: Çalışma; bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik bölümünde klinik uygulama deneyimi yaşayan 503 hemşirelik öğrencisinden çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden, formlardaki tüm soruları cevaplandıran 234 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Beck Depresyon Ölçeği” ve “Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği-24” ile 10 Mart-15 Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında yüz yüze veri toplama yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi SPSS 22.0 programında yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.63±1.40 olup, %80.0’ı kadındır ve yaklaşık yarısı (%54.7) hemşirelik bölümünü isteyerek tercih etmiştir. Öğrencilerin %5.6’sının (n=13) şiddetli depresif belirtiler gösterdiği ve “Beck Depresyon Ölçeği” puan ortalamalarının 13.42 ± 9.00 olduğu saptanmıştır. “Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği-24” toplam puan ortalamaları 4.88 ± 0.66 olan öğrenciler en yüksek puan ortalamasını ölçeğin “saygılı olma” alt boyutundan almışlardır. Beck Depresyon Ölçek puanı ve Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği-24 toplam ve alt boyutları arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli fakat zayıf düzeyde negatif yönlü bir korelasyon saptanmıştır (p