bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts administration of Rifampicin on sperm DNA integrity and Male Reproductive System parameters in rats
Authors: Al-Asady Furqan Mohammed , Al-Saray Dalia Abdulzahra
Published: October 2021

Objective: Evaluate the impacts of rifampicin on certain sperm function parameters and to determine whether rifampicin has an impact on chromatin quality or sperm DNA integrity. Materials and Methods: Forty two male adult rats were subjected to this study. The entire rats were subjected to random division into six groups; four rifampicin- treated groups and two control groups. Rifampicin- treated groups were treated with a dose of either (27mg/kg/day) or (54mg/kg/day) and for each treatment dose, the treatment persists for either 14 days or 28 days. Certain parameters of sperm function including sperm concentration and sperm motility were assessed. Furthermore, analysis of sperm DNA integrity and chromatin quality were also studied. Results: No significant changes related to sperm concentration were observed when rifampicin was given in different doses and different durations. A significant change in sperm motility were recorded only when rifampicin was given in high dose for 28 days and there was a significant reduction in sperm progressive and total motility. Rifampicin showed a significant increase in sperm DNA staining capability when the dose and duration was increased. Administration of rifampicin in high dosage for 28 days represented in larger adverse impact on structure of sperm chromatin. Conclusion: Rifampicin could negatively affect male fertility potential in rats mainly through affecting the quality of sperm chromatin structure.
Optimisation of Culture media through Response surface methodology to improve Antioxidant activity of E. coli
Authors: Sharma Neha , Banerjee Sharmistha , Kaushik Shuchi , Singh Tomar Rajesh
Published: October 2021

Antioxidants play a significant role in oxidative stress management and health protection. One variable at a time response surface methodology (RSM) was used to formulate different composition of media to increase the antioxidant property of selected microorganism (Escherichia coli MTCC no. 40). 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays was used to measure antioxidant activity of selected microorganism. The reduction potentiality of DPPH radical was determined by the DPPH% antioxidant or scavenging activity of the solution. In the present study, we have measured antioxidant activity of both intracellular and extracellular metabolites in dry and wet extracellular metabolites in supernatant respectively. In DPPH assay, extracellular metabolites showed better antioxidant potential in comparison with the reference compound. The comparison was based on antioxidant activity in different responses (number 1-16) for both dry and wet biomass. According to the results maximum DPPH % antioxidant or scavenging activity was showed by response 9 (wet biomass) and response 6 (dry biomass) that is 24.8447 and 35.0142 respectively in comparison to standard (4.4636). Hence, response surface methodology is used in bioprocess technology to optimize the medium components which is the primary step involved to enhance the antioxidant activity of particular microorganism.
The Antiviral and Antibacterial properties of Plectranthus amboinicus and Piper longum with the Addition to Focaccia Bread Nutritional Value and Sensory Evaluation
Authors: Moyeenudin H.M. , R. Thiruchelvi
Published: October 2021

Focaccia is an Italian bread baked with herbs in a similar way to pizza, this can be utilized as a regular meal in daily basis, thus the bread prepared without cheese, it is considered as a good health supplement. The addition of herbs like Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian Borage) and Piper longum (long Pepper) to focaccia may increase the medicinal value. Borage is used as a medicine in treating contagious diseases like viral flu and cough through antiviral, antibacterial and antifebrile activity, likewise Piper longum acts as an antibacterial and have immunomodulation properties, piper longum is commonly known as Indian long pepper mostly used in siddha medicine to treat cough and respiratory disease. The upper respiratory infection mainly influence cough, sinusitis, sore throat, pharyngitis, also develop lung inflammation and this herb could be consumed in regular diet. The objective of this research is to analyze antiviral and antibacterial properties of Plectranthus amboinicus and Piper longum. Furthermore, to evaluate the Focaccia bread in addition with these herbs in preparation by sensory evaluation.
Kinetic, Thermodynamic Studies for Photo Degradation of
Glibinclamide Drug
Authors: Mahdi Amel S. , Kamel Barakat A. F. , Ahmed Athraa S. , Dawood Kafi M.
Published: October 2021

In this work the photo degradation of glibinclamide is studied by UV light and different concentrations using solvents (water and ethanol) and different times. The reaction kinetic is studied and found that the photo degradation reaction of glibinclamide is (first-order) reaction and the thermodynamic properties (ΔHo, ΔSo and ΔGo) for glibinclamide were calculated and it was found to be (endothermic and spontaneous reaction).
Detection of Closteridium difficile in patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Stool Based Immunochromatographic study
Authors: AL-Fakhar Suha A. , Mohammed Ali Saad Hasan , Mohammed Khalil Ismail A. , Ali Wifaq M. , Mousa Jinan M.
Published: October 2021

Background: Diarrhea is a common problem in patients with hematologic disease and in patients with immuno compromising conditions. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence risk factors that leading to acquire infection with Cl. difficile in children infected sever diarrhea in and immuno compromised patients. Material and Methods: The study was performed on freshly collected stool samples among 32 patients (13 females,19 males) with acute diarrheal in children their ages (1.5 months – 1.3 years) admitted to Pediatric Teaching Hospitals and adults admitted to Baghdad Teaching Hospital (patients with low cellular immunity like ALL, AML (20-75years) from April 2017 to April 2019. A questionnaire was completed for each patient name, age, gender, clinical symptoms like fever, diarrhea, constipation and, abdominal pain. The criteria included also, the risk factors that leading to suppression of cellular immunity. Fresh stool samples were tested by immunochromatographic assay for antigenic detection of Clostridium difficile Ag. Results: C. Idifficile antigen was identified only in three stool samples of male their mean ± S.D. was (24.75-24.37) from 32 patients (13 females,19 males) their ages rang (1.5months-75years), seven of them suffered blood malignancies (such as AML, ALL), while 21patients (seven of them babies) suffered from acute diarrhea with different causes (E. histolytica and fungal infections). All patients had fever, flatulence and abdominal patients, while 4 of patients with low cellular immunity. Conclusion: Cl. diffcile antigen present only few number of patients in three stool samples of maleswho suffered from sever diarrhea, or ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia), or NHL (non-hodgkinse lymphoma).
mTOR and VEGF Tissue Biomarkers and Sunitinib/Everolimus Outcomes in Non-Clear Cell Renal Cancer
Authors: Halabi Susan , Yang Qian , Carmack Andrea , Zhang Shiqi , Foo Wen-Chi , Eisen Tim , Stadler Walter , Jones Robert J. , Garcia Jorge , Vaishampayan Ulka , Picus Joel , Hawkins Robert , Hainsworth John , Kollmannsberger Christian , Logan Theodore , Puzanov Igor , Pickering Lisa , Ryan Christopher , Protheroe Andrew , George Daniel , Armstrong Andrew
Published: October 2021

Biomarkers are needed in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinomas (NC-RCC), particularly papillary renal cell carcinoma, in order to inform on initial treatment selection and identify potentially novel targets for therapy. We enrolled 108 patients in ASPEN, an international randomized open-label phase 2 trial of patients with metastatic papillary, chromophobe, or unclassified NC-RCC treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (n=57) or the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor sunitinib (n=51), stratified by MSKCC risk and histology. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary efficacy endpoints for this exploratory biomarker analysis were radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) defined by intention-to-treat using the RECIST 1.1 criteria and radiographic response rates. Tissue biomarkers (n=78) of mTOR pathway activation (phospho-S6 and -Akt, c-kit) and VEGF pathway activation (HIF-1α, c-MET) were prospectively explored in tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry prior to treatment and associated with clinical outcomes. We found that S6 activation was more common in poor risk NC-RCC tumors and S6/Akt activation was associated with worse PFS and OS outcomes with both everolimus and sunitinib, while c-kit was commonly expressed in chromophobe tumors and associated with improved outcomes with both agents. C-MET was commonly expressed in papillary tumors and was associated with lower rates of radiographic response but did not predict PFS for either agent. In multivariable analysis, both pAkt and c-kit were statistically significant prognostic biomarkers of OS. No predictive biomarkers of treatment response were identified for clinical outcomes. Most biomarker subgroups had improved outcomes with sunitinib as compared to everolimus.
Osmanlı-Rus Harplerini (1710-1829) Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine
Authors: YEŞİL Fatih
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma 1710 ile 1829 yılları arasında meydana gelen Osmanlı-Rus Harplerini etkileyen temel faktörleri ele almaktadır. Genel olarak harp tarihinde gözlemlendiği üzere coğrafya her iki ordunun da harekatlarını etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden birisidir. Harekatların birbirinden farklı özellikler arz eden üç farklı sektörde, Kafkaslar, Karadeniz’in kuzey kesimi ve Balkanlar, gerçekleştirildiği savaşlarda hasım ordular öncelikle her biri farklı özelliklere sahip coğrafi mekanlarda hayatta kalmayı başarmak durumundaydı. İntikal rotalarına karar verilmesinde ve lojistik faaliyetlerin sağlıklı bir biçimde yürütülmesinde belirleyici olan coğrafyanın yanı sıra silah teknolojisi ve subayların bilgi, askerlerin eğitim düzeyi de muharebelerin sonuçları üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerdi. Emir-komuta birliği, sevk ve idare gibi doğrudan bir muharebenin sonucuna etki eden unsurlar da yine söz konusu muharebeler hakkında yapılacak değerlendirmelerde dikkate alınması gereken faktörler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İnsan gücüne ilaveten iki devletin sahip olduğu mali kaynaklar ve bunları kullanabilme kapasitesi ise orduların cephede kalma sürelerini belirlemekteydi. Avrupa diplomasisi ve bu çerçevede iki devletin kurdukları ittifaklar da muharebeleri etkileyen faktörler arasında önemli bir yere sahipti.
Napoli “Küffarından” Esir Mektupları ya da Bir Deniz Savaşının/Cenginin Anlatımı
Authors: DOĞAN Güner
Published: October 2021

Türkler ile İtalyanlar arasındaki ilişkilerin kökeni oldukça erken dönemlere kadar gitmektedir. En temelde ticaret yoluyla başlayan bu ilişkiler daha sonra hemen her alanda kendini göstermiştir. Elbette bu temasların düz bir çizgide, sorunsuz olarak gittiğini söylemek de doğru değildir. İtalyan kent devletleri ve daha sonra Osmanlılar arasında farklı zamanlarda birçok savaş cereyan etmiştir. Bu savaşların en yoğun yaşandığı yer ise denizler olacaktır. Akdeniz özelinde savaşların/karşılaşmaların diğer bir boyutu ise korsanlık kaynaklıdır. Bu noktada korsanların çıkış yerleri çoğunlukla Cezayir, Tunus ve Trablus’dur. Buradan hareket eden korsanlar farklı İtalyan gemileri ile karşılaşmışlar ve çarpışmışlardır. Denizlerdeki mücadelenin neticesinde her iki taraf için de ortaya bir sorun çıkacaktır: Esirler. Esaret altına alınanların hapsedildikleri yerlerde kaleme aldıkları Osmanlıca mektuplar bu çalışmanın konusunu oluştururken daha özelde Napoli’de bir savaş sırasında esir düşmüş 15 Müslümanın yazdıklarına odaklanılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Perception and Expectation of Elective Japanese Language Learners in Malaysian Higher Education Institution: A Case Study
Authors: Redzuan Abdullah Muhammad Alif , Hussin Sanimah
Published: October 2021

Japanese language course registered as either compulsory elective or free elective foreign language course at University Putra Malaysia (UPM). The Japanese language is the most popular among 11 foreign language courses offered for foreign language students who wish to take global languages proficiency courses. However, their achievements in the course are inadequate as most of them are incompetent in communication skills upon completion of the course. Therefore, this article aims to identify the perception of Japanese language students in UPM to enhance their understanding of the issue. This quantitative research applies questionnaires and random purposive sampling techniques as instruments for collecting data. The sampling consists of 84 students who had enrolled in Basic Japanese level 1course. The findings show there are significant factors attribute to students’ preference for learning the Basic Japanese language. The result of the study also indicated the Kana writing and numbers are easier to acquire compared to vocabulary, sentences, grammar, and particles in the Basic Japanese 1 course. The study also revealed that mastering vocabulary plays a vital role in speaking, reading, and writing well in the Japanese language. Therefore, this study suggests that the instructor should include more engaging activities, teaching aids, and tools in the classroom to make the teaching and learning process more conducive and friendly for the students to excel in this course.
Safety Management in Sustainable Construction Projects: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Hassan Afaf
Published: October 2021

Safety management can be utilized effectively in sustainable construction projects, to produce safe sustainable construction projects. This highlights the necessity to gain a better understanding about safety management components with a view to pinpointing existing and future research issues to be addressed. Thus, this systematic review aims to demonstrate a knowledge base for safety management research grounded on the safety management components, and the integration of those components into sustainable construction projects, to produce safe sustainable construction projects. To achieve this, thirty-four peer-reviewed articles were classified into two categories. The first category is about safety management in typical construction projects, and the second category is about safety management in sustainable construction projects. Similar research in the last two decades points out the challenges associated with safety management in sustainable construction projects and the need to understand the associated safety management components that can lead to safer suitable construction projects. In addition, the synthesis suggests the need for a conceptual framework that explains the process of utilizing safety management components in sustainable construction projects to attain the desired safety outcomes in sustainable construction projects. Accordingly, this article provides a conceptual framework that integrates safety management components of traditional construction projects into sustainable construction projects, to achieve safe sustainable construction projects.
Gossip as Contagion in Hawthorne's “The Minister's Black Veil” and The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Singer Erin C.
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus pandemic in some ways returned us to a more nineteenth-century outlook on contagion. In the early months before the public had a clear understanding of how this coronavirus spread, everything and everyone became subject to politicized suspicion. Nathaniel Hawthorne was perhaps preoccupied with the same questions that current scholars and the general public have faced since the beginning of the pandemic: Who can we trust among ourselves, our communities, and our institutions? How do we know what information is true? Hawthorne's Puritan stories “The Minister's Black Veil” and The Scarlet Letter feature the interdisciplinary concept of social contagion as a major driving force. A focus on similarities between Hawthorne's literary world and the coronavirus pandemic brings to the fore a Hawthornean epistemology of contagion, or what may be called pandemic thinking. In considering how social contagion theory brings together themes of community and gossip in Hawthorne's works, we see that gossip is both a mode of transmission of ideological contagion and the method by which social order is articulated in those works. Finally, we perceive that Hawthorne uses gossip not only to reify but also to challenge the social order in his imagined New England towns.
Unequal Confinements: WhatThe House of the Seven GablesCan Teach Us about Being Alone
Authors: Boccio Rachel
Published: October 2021

This essay demonstrates that Holgrave's transformation from lowly jack-of-all-trades to landed patriarch in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The House of the Seven Gables is made possible by a specific understanding of confinement that exists in complex relation to forms of confinement experienced by other characters, namely, Clifford, Hepzibah, and Phoebe. Through Holgrave, Hawthorne offers a theory of selfhood that understands flattened and depleted characters (like the Pyncheons) to be necessary for the development of the authentic, autonomous, individuated man at the crux of the Romantic ideal. To show this, Holgrave, who emerges from the Gothic mansion capable of inheriting the promises of a burgeoning social order, is juxtaposed with rest of the Pyncheon family. The novel's various ways of analyzing confinement map onto a host of conspicuous embodiments that turn out to be dialectical: Holgrave's possession of self, of moral agency, and of wealth increases in direct proportion to the dispossession of body, mind, and property experienced by the less fortunate Pyncheons. Though principally concerned with characters in The House of the Seven Gables, this essay takes note of how the novel's logic of unequal personhood resonates within our contemporary condition of quarantine in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic.
Counterfeit Promises: Reading The Dolliver Romance in the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Simonsen Rasmus R.
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on The Dolliver Romance as an occasion to reflect on current discussions and anxieties regarding COVID-19 and the promise of a potential cure. The Dolliver Romance is concerned with alchemy as a means for reversing the aging process, but more than that, it allows us to interrogate America's “fascination with artifice,” which Stephen Mihm has traced to the colonial period. Hawthorne's aged protagonist fears that his grandson's potions might be nothing but counterfeit remedies, and the ostensible dubiousness of the alchemical commodity appears to render everything around Dolliver potentially artificial. The current health crisis in America puts on morbid display the linkage between counterfeit health remedies and the proliferation of wealth and power. I argue that this link is crucial to understanding not only Hawthorne's interest in alchemy but also, on a larger scale, the botched response to the coronavirus pandemic in America.
Sapatão
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriela , Marques da Silva Paula
Published: October 2021

O objetivo de nosso trabalho foi cartografar experiências sapatão na cidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa inserida no campo de estudos do gênero e das interseccionalidades. Nos interessou conhecer, especialmente, de que maneira os corpos-sapatão foram e são constituídos em meio a processos institucionais e como se localizam em meio às forças em relação. Os dados foram produzidos e analisados com base no método cartográfico, a partir da ferramenta de um caderno itinerante que circulou entre as 5 participantes-narradoras. Para a composição do diagrama teórico-analítico, utilizamos da performatividade, precariedade e aliança em Butler, da noção de encontro como aquilo que produziu as narrativas e da cidade como território existencial. As linhas de análise aparecem intituladas como Foi difícil escrever, tive que me conectar com a K. de 1990; Quem lhes solicita para estar atente a estas palavras não é uma mulher, mas sim uma sapatã; Aprendi com meu avô que a saliva tem mais poder que a pólvora; Corpo é cidade, muda mas permanece mesmo com toda a mudança e Por um ethos sapatão-cartográfico de condução da escuta. Encontramos, em nosso trabalho, modos  plurais de corpos-sapatão experimentarem as cidades, a partir de um acompanhamento de processos possibilitado pelo exercício das escritas de si.
Lesbianidades e identizações no ciberespaço
Authors: Bonin Liebgott Camila , Pinheiro Leandro Rogério
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, propomo-nos a analisar como jovens lésbicas constroem suas identizações em ativismos contra a lesbofobia a partir das narrativas que produzem em redes sociais, e como esse tipo de ativismo contribui para sua luta. Discorre-se, inicialmente, sobre abordagens históricas e científicas da lesbianidade e sobre lesbofobia, recorrendo-se, neste caso, às teorizações de Ángela Lorenzo. Em articulação, trabalhamos com o conceito de ‘identização’, tal como problematizado por Alberto Melucci, com vistas à discussão sobre produção identitária e ativismo. A abordagem metodológica alinha-se com a etnografia virtual, neste caso realizada na rede social Instagram durante o ano de 2021. Foram selecionadas postagens publicadas por quatro jovens lésbicas, com idades entre 25 e 34 anos, escolhidas por tornarem visíveis assuntos sobre as lesbianidades.  As análises mostraram que prevalece o teor autobiográfico das narrativas textuais e imagéticas. São variadas as estratégias narrativas empregadas para investir e tornar visíveis pautas dos movimentos lésbicos. Podemos afirmar que as identizações dessas ativistas são construídas cotidianamente na escrita sobre si, bem como no desenvolvimento de uma rede de trocas de informações e afetos com outras lésbicas. Há um uso explicitamente político do Instagram, à medida que as postagens tornam correntes temas como as lesbianidades e as existências lésbicas, buscando, também, reconhecimento de lutas e identidades.
“São duas meninas?”
Authors: De Castro Moreira Mariana , Souza de Pão Mariana
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho possui como objetivo abordar como o silenciamento e apagamento da existência de mulheres lésbicas corrobora para a manutenção de um modelo patriarcal e heterossexual, promovendo diferentes modos de violência e discriminação. Através da escrita implicada e em primeira pessoa, trazemos como proposta o conjunto de referenciais bibliográficos e relatos pessoais como forma de resistência e reflexão. Ainda, é apresentado o projeto de pesquisa em desenvolvimento acerca do não-registro da existência lésbica como forma de silenciamento e apagamento dessas mulheres e como isto se reflete na ausência de políticas públicas que as garantem seus direitos. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva firmar o compromisso social da Psicologia para com as mulheres lésbicas e, também, com a produção científica acerca de suas vivências como forma de (re)existir.
Sharing published short academic works in institutional repositories after six months
Authors: Sondervan Jeroen , Schalken Arjan , Jan de Boer  , Saskia Woutersen-Windhouwer
Published: October 2021

The ambition of the Netherlands, laid down in the National Plan Open Science, is to achieve 100% open access for academic publications. The ambition was to be achieved by 2020. However, it is to be expected that for the year 2020 between 70% and 75% of the articles will be open access. Until recently, the focus of the Netherlands has been on the gold route - open access via journals and publishers’ platforms. This is likely to be costly and it is also impossible to cover all articles and other publication types this way. Since 2015, Dutch Copyright Act has offered an alternative with the implementation of Article 25fa (also known as the ‘Taverne Amendment’), facilitating the green route, i.e. open access via (trusted) repositories. This amendment allows researchers to share short scientific works (e.g. articles and book chapters in edited collections), regardless of any restrictive guidelines from publishers. From February 2019 until August 2019 all Dutch universities participated in the pilot ‘You Share, we Take Care!’ to test how this copyright amendment could be interpreted and implemented by institutions as a policy instrument to enhance green open access and “self-archiving”. In 2020 steps were taken to scale up further implementation of the amendment. This article describes the outcomes of this pilot and shares best practices on implementation and awareness activities in the period following the pilot until early 2021, in which libraries have played an instrumental role in building trust and working on effective implementations on an institutional level. It concludes with some possible next steps for alignment, for example on a European level.
A case report of a huge euthyroid goiter with retrosternal extension
Authors: Ghabisha Saif , Ahmed Faisal , Eslahi Ali , Al-wageeh Saleh , Al-shami Ebrahim , Al-naggar Khalil , Obaid Ghamdan , Reza Askarpour Mohammad , Alfaragi Mohammed
Published: October 2021

Massive goiter with retrosternal extension is most frequently found in the anterior mediastinum; however, 10%–15% of the cases are found in the posterior mediastinum. It may induce symptoms caused by tracheal, esophageal, and recurrent laryngeal nerve compression. Surgery for such a huge mass requires a high degree of experience to avoid serious complications, particularly if it weighs >500 g. Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old man who complained of neck swelling which was gradually increasing in size during the past 19 years and breathing difficulty that worsened during the past years. A 31 × 16 cm heterogeneous enhancing mass that expanded the thyroid gland with retrosternal extension, pushing the main vessels posterolaterally and compressing the trachea, was detected during computed tomography of the neck and chest. Total thyroidectomy was performed safely via a transcervical approach. The recovery period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 5 days later. Given the rarity of a massive goiter that pushes the main vessels and compresses the trachea in the posterior mediastinum, this case report emphasizes the treatment options and outcome of this condition.
PLANO DE ALTA PARA GESTANTES E PUÉRPERAS COM DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA ASSISTIDAS EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Lira Emília Vieira de Holanda , Santos Michelinne Shirley Pinheiro dos , Coelho Aline Stefhane Coutinho , Silva Hallyson Leno Lucas da , Bezerra Kelven Rubson Soares , Ananias Maria da Guia Damasceno de , Lima Iandhela Cristiny Alves , Lemos Jaqueline de Barros , Silva Tálison Vieira da , Vaz Anna Karolinna Barbosa Carvalho , Fontes Francisco Lucas de Lima
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência de implementação de um plano de alta para gestantes e puérperas com doença renal crônica assistidas em um hospital universitário. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa do tipo relato de experiência. O relato foi vivenciado no Hospital Universitário vinculado à Universidade Federal do Maranhão. O plano de ação foi desenvolvido por meio das atividades práticas do curso de especialização em Nefrologia no período de julho de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A elaboração de um plano de alta associado a um folder com orientações sobre a doença renal crônica, com destaque para práticas de autocuidado, foi uma ação extremamente valiosa para execução de uma assistência mais qualificada e holística a estas pacientes. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Com a proposta de se discutir com a equipe os casos que chegam até o hospital foi possível aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre a patologia e suas complicações e, consequentemente, desenvolvê-los junto a estas pacientes, tornando o processo de aprendizagem mais qualificado, uma vez que estas medidas foram estratégias para compreensão da importância do tratamento e da adesão a hábitos de vida saudáveis pelas gestantes e puérperas com doença renal crônica.
Factores que inciden en la elección de carreras STEM en la educación universitaria de El Salvador
Authors: Duke Escobar1 Vilma Guadalupe , Torres Sigüenza2 José Ovidio , García Perdido3 Moisés Ulises , Toledo Martínez4 Carmen Sofía
Published: October 2021

Según expertos en la rama de educación, la elección de una carrera universitaria marca el rumbo de la vida del individuo; sin embargo, esta tiene bases muy fuertes en la formación académica temprana del estudiante. Contrario a lo que se cree, la toma de decisión no es espontánea al momento de inscribirse en una carrera. Por ello, con el fin de identificar y entender de una forma integral las causas principales por las cuales los estudiantes optan, o no, por carreras en el área de Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemática se desarrolló esta investigación, tomando como sujetos de estudio a 540 estudiantes activos, provenientes de seis Instituciones de Educación Superior de El Salvador. Para la recolección de datos, la muestra incluyó tanto estudiantes de carreras de Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemática como de otras no afines a ellas. Los participantes tomaron un cuestionario de construcción mixta de forma individual. Al analizar los resultados obtenidos, es posible determinar que, aunque no son exclusivos, dos de los factores que más incidencia tienen en la elección de este tipo de carreras son los socioeconómicos y familiares. En contraposición a lo expuesto por otros autores, el sexo parece no jugar un papel determinante en la elección de carreras en estas áreas, pero sí la formación.
Realidad de la evaluación de los aprendizajes en la Universidad Católica de El Salvador
Authors: Fuentes Barillas Karla Margarita
Published: October 2021

La investigación presenta un análisis de la realidad de la evaluación de los aprendizajes en la Universidad Católica de El Salvador. Se abordó desde un enfoque cualitativo, por medio de entrevistas y grupos de enfoque, la forma en que docentes y estudiantes entienden la evaluación y su finalidad. También, se puntualizaron las actividades más frecuentes que se emplean para evaluar los aprendizajes en la Universidad. Los hallazgos revelan que tanto docentes como estudiantes entienden que la evaluación de los aprendizajes responde a una finalidad educativa. Esto significa que su objetivo es valorar los aprendizajes (teóricos, prácticos y actitudinales) que se adquieren en una asignatura. Además, que las actividades de evaluación cumplen con dicha finalidad, cuando se vinculan directamente a los retos profesionales y sociales de la actualidad.
Competencias del estudiante de enfermería en la promoción y detección de la tuberculosis pediátrica
Authors: Chicas Blanco1 Lisseth Karolina , Hernández Rivera2 Abraham , Rodríguez3 Úrsula Guadalupe
Published: October 2021

La tuberculosis es una de las principales causas de muerte en población pediátrica a nivel mundial, aun cuando es una enfermedad curable, muchos niños con tuberculosis no son diagnosticados de manera oportuna y como consecuencia de ello no reciben el tratamiento que podría salvarles la vida. Por lo tanto, se hace indispensable contar con personal altamente capacitado para generar una efectividad en las intervenciones de promoción y detección de la tuberculosis pediátrica, por ello es que el rol del estudiante de enfermería en servicio social juega un papel transcendental para llevar acabo dichas intervenciones. El estudio se focalizó en identificar las potencialidades de los estudiantes en servicio social de Licenciatura de Enfermería para la promoción y detección de tuberculosis en niños menores de 10 años, el enfoque del estudio fue cuantitativo, bajo una investigación básica. El objeto de estudio fueron 38 estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería que realizan su servicio social en 4 hospitales y 14 Unidades Comunitarias de Salud Familiar de la zona occidental; y para recolectar datos se administró un cuestionario estructurado. Los datos sintetizados arrojaron la necesidad de fortalecer los conocimientos relacionados a prevención de tuberculosis infantil, también se detectó que existe necesidad de generar estrategias de promoción y detección de esta enfermedad, puesto que solo un 39% de los estudiantes las realizan en campo práctico. Por lo tanto, es de suma importancia mediar el conocimiento en materia de tuberculosis pediátrica en los futuros prestadores de salud en Enfermería.
Sustainable Fisheries Management in the Indian Ocean: The Way Forward
Authors: Colombage Jayanath
Published: October 2021

The Oceans cover 71% of the earth’s surface and contains 97% of the planet’s water. This is the life support system of the earth. The Ocean is the main protein supplier for the humankind. The Indian Ocean is a warm water ocean and well regulated by monsoons and currents. Large number of rivers and tributaries flow into this ocean, making it rich with minerals, seaweeds and planktons, which sustain the fish stocks. Man-made pollution and climate change can be detrimental to the sustenance of a balanced marine eco-system. Further, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing combined with destructive fishing methods can deplete this valuable protein source. Issues and conflicts in delimitation of maritime boundaries and fishermen not respecting even internationally or bilaterally established maritime boundaries are impediments to effective fisheries management. The Indian Ocean is vast and the third largest ocean in the world. The population of the Indian Ocean is around 2.5 billion. However, we must be mindful of the need to have a sustainable ocean based economic model, that will not over exploit the finite fishery resources but will continue to provide the much-needed protein sources to this large population, not only at present times but even in the future. Non-management of fisheries by states and non-adherence to rule based maritime order by non-state actors engaged in fisheries could have ramifications on traditional and human security aspects for the region. Fishing boats and some fishermen could be involved with various maritime crime activities for monetary or ideological gains, and, depletion of fisheries resources due to overfishing can have a direct impact on human security of the Indian Ocean littorals, as the main livelihood and economic activities of the coastal populations are connected to the ocean based resources. There were many instances of the fishermen being exploited by terrorist groups. Hence the management of fisheries in a sustainable manner is important for the Indian Ocean, as the peaceful co-existence of the nations depends on the continued Blue Economic models where the fisheries is managed and harvested in a sustainable manner.
Assessment of Biosecurity Measures and Distribution of Daily Live Bird ‎Markets in Four North-Western States of Nigeria ‎
Authors: Hassan S. A. , Maikai B. V. , Kabir J. , Aliyu M. B.
Published: October 2021

Maintenance of strict biosecurity measures is essential in preventing disease spread from Live Bird Markets (LBMs) which serve as a major intermingling area for poultry from different sources. This study assessed the Biosecurity measures and spatial distribution of daily Live Bird Markets of four North-western States in Nigeria. Closed ended questionnaires were administered in 35 daily LBMs in Kaduna, Kano, Katsina and Zamfara states and identification of disinfectants used in the LBMs were noted. Swab samples of birds’ cages in the LBMs were taken for E. coli isolation. The live bird managers and marketers were all male (100%) across all the four states. Only 6(17%) out of the 35 LBMs had high biosecurity level, 69% had a moderate biosecurity level and 5(14%) were graded as low. Of the 400 Live bird marketers administered questionnaires, only 71 (18%) employ good biosecurity practices and 305(76%) were graded as fair and remaining 24(6%) as poor. Majority of the LBMs were located within human settlements without any form of barrier. There were seven main types of disinfectants identified across the all LBMs. Esherichia coli was isolated from 1(17%) LBM among the 6(17%) LBMs that were identified to have and use disinfectant. From the remaining 29(83%) LBMs, E.coli was isolated from only 5(17%) despite lacking in use of disinfectant by these LBMs. Live bird marketers should be educated on the need to adhere to biosecurity measures and practices.
Akıllı Şehirlerde Dezavantajlı Bireylerin Sağlık Hizmetlerine Erişimi
Authors: GÜR Kamer , SAMASTI Mesut
Published: October 2021

Sürekli veri akışının, veriye dayalı planlamaların daha etkin şekilde yapılabildiği akıllı şehir uygulamaları her geçen gün farklı uygulama alanlarıyla gelişmeye devam etmektedir. Akıllı şehir uygulamaları her ne kadar teknolojik olanaklarla donatılmış uygulamaları kapsasa da, bu uygulamaların teknolojiden bağımsız olarak sosyal konularda etkin çözüm önerileri sunması ve hayata geçirilmesi gerekmektedir. Dezavantajlı bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine erişimi, farklı akıllı şehir uygulamalarındaki teknolojik altyapı ve üstyapı olanakları ile sistemler arası etkin iletişimi sağlayan yapıların planlanması ve hayata geçirilmesi önemlidir. Dezavantajlı bireyler ikametlerinden çıktığı andan itibaren, risksiz şekilde sağlık birimlerine ulaşmaları ve sağlık hizmetlerini almaları sağlandığında, bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin artmasının yanı sıra, erken teşhise bağlı olarak sağlık giderlerinde de ciddi tasarruflar sağlanacaktır. Bu çalışma, “Akıllı Şehirlerde Dezavantajlı Bireylerin Sağlık Hizmetlerine Erişimi” raporundan derlenmiştir.
İş Yeri Temelli Ruh Sağlığını Geliştirme Programları: Sistematik İnceleme
Authors: DÜLCEK Seda , ŞİŞMAN Fatma Nevin
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada iş yeri temelli ruh sağlığını geliştirme programlarını içeren randomize kontrollü çalışmaların sonuçlarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Eylül- Kasım 2019 tarihinde, ‘mental health’, ‘randomised controlled trial’ anahtar kelimelerle ‘ Pubmed’, ‘CINAHL Complete’, ‘ScienceDirect’, ‘Scopus’ veri tabanları taranmıştır. 2014-2019 yıllarında yapılan, yayın dili İngilizce olan, tam metine ulaşılan, iş yeri temelli randomize kontrollü ruh sağlığını geliştirme programları incelenmiştir.Bulgular: İncelenen 18 randomize kontrollü çalışmaların örneklem sayıları 50- 1193 arasında değişmektedir. Çalışma sonunda; web tabanlı farkındalığa dayalı stres yönetimi programı ve stres yönetimi eğitiminin stres yönetiminde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca Yoga programının iş stresinde etkili olduğu; bilişsel davranışçı terapi seansı ve web tabanlı davranışçı tedavi ödevinin bilişsel esnekliği arttırmada etkili olduğu; iş odaklı bilişsel davranışçı terapi ve ruh sağlığı programının ise anksiyete, stres ve depresyonda etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların müdahale gruplarına rastgele atanması yönünden 18 çalışma; katılımcıları çalışma gruplarına dağıtan kişinin katılımcıların hangi tedaviyi aldığından haberinin olup olmaması yönünden yedi çalışma; çalışmanın başlangıcında müdahale ve kontrol gruplarının temel özelliklerinin benzer olup olmaması durumundan 11 çalışma düşük riske sahiptir.Sonuç: İş yerlerinde uygulanan ruh sağlığını geliştirme programları stres, anksiyete, iş tükenmişliği, bilişsel esneklik değişkenlerinde olumlu etki sağlamıştır ancak kanıt düzeyi yüksek çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Las mujeres con discapacidades físicas y sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos: Implicaciones para las políticas públicas
Authors: Rodríguez León Yolanda
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo tiene el propósito de promover el reconocimiento de que las mujeres con discapacidades físicas son sujetos de derechos, específicamente de derechos sexuales y de derechos reproductivos. Además, intereso problematizar el debate sobre la conveniencia e implicaciones de que las voces de las mujeres con discapacidades sean atendidas con políticas públicas y programas que impactan a la población de mujeres en general; o si, por el contrario, debe promoverse la creación de políticas públicas y programas específicos para ellas. El marco conceptual utilizado en este trabajo es el modelo social de la discapacidad, la perspectiva de género y la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. Los derechos sexuales y los derechos reproductivos de las mujeres con discapacidades físicas han sido ignorados, históricamente. A este sector poblacional no se le reconoce la capacidad ni el derecho de tener una vida sexual activa y placentera; tampoco se le reconoce la maternidad como una opción. A estas mujeres se les concibe como seres inferiores y asexuales, lo que las hace enfrentar el discrimen que promueve y legitimiza las constantes violaciones de derechos que sufren, limitándose así su actividad ciudadana y la posibilidad de ejercer sus derechos. En Puerto Rico, el 20 por ciento de la población clasificada como femenina tiene alguna discapacidad, pero continúa siendo un sector marginal e invisible para el resto de la ciudadanía y esto incluye a los profesionales y a los hacedores de políticas públicas. Nuestro entorno es uno que asigna rangos de inferioridad al género y a la discapacidad.
Política de Educación Sexual en Puerto Rico: el análisis de tres versiones de una política pública en decadencia
Authors: Nieves Rolón Irvyn E.
Published: October 2021

La participación del Estado en la educación sexual de la niñez y adolescencia se postula a través de las Políticas de educación sexual. En la última década se han implementado tres políticas de educación sexual en Puerto Rico. Estas tres políticas denominadas "Política Pública de Educación en Salud Sexual en las Escuelas Públicas del Departamento de Educación" han sido implantadas en los años 2004, 2011 y 2012. Este artículo discute las tres políticas de educación sexual. En la medida que una política suplanta la otra, se hacen más evidentes las tendencias conservadoras del Estado. Al comparar las políticas, se observa retroceso en la atención de las circunstancias y necesidades de formación sexual que enfrentan la niñez y adolescencia de Puerto Rico. En la discusión presentada se hace evidente los cambios que ha enfrentado la política de educación sexual. Asimismo, se elabora la reflexión sobre sus implicaciones.
La incidencia de hostigamiento y crímenes de odio por orientación sexual en Puerto Rico
Authors: Nieves Rosa Luis E. , Pérez Acevedo Sacha , Estrada Miranda Coral , Aponte Resto Melina , Ramírez Cruz Stephanie , Silva Figueroa Verónica , Vélez Pérez Melody
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación presenta los resultados de una encuesta sobre los incidentes de hostigamiento y conductas que pueden ser catalogadas como crímenes de odio en una muestra por disponibilidad de 86 lesbianas, hombres gay/homosexuales, bisexuales, transgénero y transexuales (LGBTT). Los resultados reflejan que la mayoría (67.4 por ciento) reportaron haber sido víctimas de hostigamiento y sufrido victimización por ser LGBTT. Dos terceras parte informaron haber recibido insultos verbales desde los 16 años hasta 12 meses antes de contestar la encuesta, y una cuarta parte reportó lo mismo en los últimos doce meses. Un poco más de una quinta parte dijo haber recibido golpes, patadas o agredido/a. Se analizan los datos a la luz de la Ley 46 del 4 de marzo de 2002 conocida como la Ley de agravantes por Crímenes de Odio. Se presentan recomendaciones para la profesión de trabajo social y otras profesiones para insertarnos en la lucha para erradicar la injusticia social.
Invisibilización e hipervilización mediática de los sectores pobres en Puerto Rico: Un reto para el Trabajo Social en la sociedad de la información del siglo XXI
Authors: Navedo Román Yalitza
Published: October 2021

En la denominada Sociedad de la Información el fenómeno de la invisibilización en los medios de difusión masiva, ha sido calificado como un problema social que amerita atención debido a que afecta a sectores en desventaja social y económica (Echevarría, 2008; EN.FA.SIS, 2004; Morales Lara, 2009; Mujica, 1969; Reguillo, 2000; Torres, 2010). Con el propósito de que profesionales de Trabajo Social profundicen sobre este tema, nuestro artículo propone —teniendo como base un estudio exploratorio realizado por la autora- una teoría que explica el porqué de este fenómeno, y a la vez, presenta alternativas que podrían insertarse en la agenda de trabajo de nuestra profesión mediante la creación e implementación de políticas o programas sociales que redunden en la inserción de los sectores pobres en los medios de comunicación masiva del País.
Construcción y validación de una escala para medir colonialismo internalizado: implicaciones para la páctica y la educación en Trabajo Social.
Authors: Martinez Avilés Maria de Lourdes
Published: October 2021

Vivir la colonia presupone un efecto profundo e ontangible conocido como colonialismo interiorizado, mentalidad colonial o colonialidad, el cual representa el más amplio espectro de dominación de los pueblos que pueda existir (Maldonado Torres, 2007; Osterhammel, 2002). En este artículo se presenta el proceso de construcción y validación de un instrumento estandarizado conocido como la Escala sobre Colonialismo para Puertorriqueños/as (ECP). El objetivo de crear esta escala fue el de tener un instrumento disponible para medir cuantitativamente la intensidad del colonialismo interiorizado entre las personas adultas puertorriqueñas y vincularlo a la posibilidad de futuras investigaciones en torno al tema. Además, se presentan la relevancia e implicaciones que tiene esta aportación para la educación y la práctica del Trabajo Social.
Reválida para la profesión de Trabajo Social en Puerto Rico: aspectos a reflexionar.
Authors: Ramos Cruz Pablo D.
Published: October 2021

Por los últimos años, la profesión del Trabajo Social en Puerto Rico ha estado en un fuerte debate de si se debería crear una reválida para la misma. Lo interesante es que, en general, nuestro gremio profesional no simpatiza con la filosofía detrás de las reválidas. Aun así, presiones externas a la profesión han convencido a una parte del gremio sobre la necesidad de implementar una reválida, aunque vaya en contra de sus ideales. Entre dichas presiones se encuentran, por mencionar algunas: 1) Que seamos de las pocas profesiones que no revalidan; 2) Que existe la posibilidad que el Estado imponga una reválida sin nuestra consulta; 3) Que se considera que la profesión amerita tener una reválida para ganar prestigio; 4) Que urge la necesidad de establecer un filtro de los y las egresadas de las universidades para reducir las querellas éticas en el futuro y de vez regular la formación profesional. Dicho esto, el artículo reflexionará mis preocupaciones de implementarse una reválida en nuestra profesión. Entre ellas, se encuentra que podríamos terminar mercantilizando la profesión. También expongo mis inquietudes de que se establezca una reválida estilo “talla única”, que tenga la intención de fracasar a los estudiantes, que homogenice los currículos, elimine el pensamiento crítico, que no sea cónsona con las inteligencias múltiples, que propicie la competencia y que sea incapaz de medir otras capacidades humanas más afines con los valores y principios de la profesión.