bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of upper ocean characteristics in response to the three intense re-curving tropical cyclones from the Arabian Sea using satellite and in situ measurements
Authors:   Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India, Dube Adarsh , Maurya Ajeet Ku , Singh Rajesh , Dharmaraj T
Published: October 2024

We present the sea surface temperature (SST), latent heat flux (LHF), and sensible heat flux (SHF) studies of three tropical cyclones in the Indian subcontinent region. These three tropical cyclones were scrutinized based on their intensity scale ranging from Category 2 (Very Severe Cyclonic Storm, VSCS) to Category 5 (Super Cyclonic Storm, SuCS) on a hurricane scale (IMD scale). VSCS Vayu, SuCS Kyarr, and ESCS (Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm) Maha formed over the Arabian Sea in June, October, and November 2019, respectively. There is a 2∘C to 4∘C difference in the SST during the pre- and post-cyclone period along the best track. The maximum reductions in SST up to 8∘C have occurred in the region from where the cyclones have re-curved. The enthalpy fluxes (LHF and SHF) are highest at 280 W/m2 around the cyclone’s best track and follow the same direction of the cyclone development. Prior flux changes in the cyclone region may have a role in directing the cyclone’s best track. Argo floats within 1∘ from the best track revealed that pre-cyclone SST was warmer at the surface than post-cyclone SST. The sub-surface SST at a depth of 100–150 m suggests a warming of the ocean in the post-cyclone period near and adjacent to cyclone intensification regions due to the upwelling of the warm subsurface waters. The upper ocean response is crucial to studying the increasing intensity of TCs and the re-curvature of its best track over the Arabian Sea.
Avaliando um Mecanismo de Consenso no Processo de Perícia de Desinformação através de Simulação
Authors: Graciano Neto Valdemar Vicente , Cintra Luiza Martins de Freitas , Damacena Pedro Henrique Campos , Rocha Acquila Santos , Borges Vinícius Cunha M. , Barbosa Jacson Rodrigues , Lima Eliomar Araújo de
Published: October 2024

A desinformação é uma preocupação contemporânea latente, impulsionada principalmente pela sua disseminação nas redes sociais. Embora as técnicas de inteligência artificial (IA) acelerem o processo de detecção, tais técnicas ainda exigem a participação humana no processo de verificação. Checadores de fatos são peritos que desempenham um papel crucial, mas o processo pode ser lento e ineficiente. Neste sentido, um projeto de P&D está sendo desenvolvido numa parceria entre a ANATEL e a UFG, criando uma prova de conceito (PoC) que agilize o processo de verificação, permitindo que múltiplos checadores trabalhem em paralelo. A contribuição principal deste artigo é demonstrar, através de simulações, a eficácia do mecanismo de consenso que apoia o trabalho dos checadores antes de sua implantação. Resultados preliminares sugerem que o mecanismo de consenso baseado em maioria por ponderação possibilita que fact-checkers com mais relevância influenciem mais significativamente o resultado da avaliação, ainda que em alguns casos avaliadores com importância baixa possam anular a importância de um ou poucos fact-checkers com mais relevância.
Avascular necrosis of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT): state of the art
Authors: Miglietta Francesca , Iantomasi Teresa
Published: October 2024

Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a complex, multifactorial disease that may affect one bone, several bones together, or different bones at different times and it can impair the patient’s quality of life. It predominantly occurs in the femoral head, but also commonly affects other sites, especially the femur and knees, causing severe pain, bone necrosis, and, in extreme cases, even bone collapse. It can be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging analysis, and is usually staged using the Association of Research Circulation Osseus (ARCO) system or the Ficat system. Currently, literature on the prevention and treatment of AVN is very scanty, and studies are based on retrospective analyses. The aim of this review is to analyze the state of the art with regard to risk factors and treatments for AVN in patients who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. KEY WORDS: Avascular necrosis, AVN, osteonecrosis, HSCT.
Development of a Protocol to Determine and Mitigate the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in Russian Wheat Aphid Populations in Wheat Production Areas of South Africa
Authors: Jankielsohn Astrid
Published: October 2024

Russian wheat aphid (RWA) occurs mainly on wheat, and this insect has the potential to cause considerable damage to cultivated wheat globally. Because of the damage caused by RWA feeding, it is important to have an effective management strategy in place against RWA. Management practices used successfully against RWA in the past were chemical control and breeding for the deployment of RWA-resistant wheat. For continued success of these management practices, it is necessary to monitor the distribution of RWA populations in response to these management practices. The distribution of RWA populations was surveyed, and RWA samples were collected in the wheat production areas of South Africa during 2023. RWA clone colonies were established from field-collected samples. Insecticide resistance of RWA clone populations was determined by screening against the active ingredient, dimethoate. There was a decrease in susceptibility of RWA populations to dimethoate in areas where chemical control was used. Despite implementation of management practices, RWA populations still occur in the wheat production areas of South Africa and therefore continue to pose a threat to the wheat industry. It is important that future management practices focus on sustainable practices instead of indiscriminate use of insecticides to control RWA.
Recent Advances in Therapeutic Approach for Hypertension to Improve Cardiac Health
Authors: Sohel Akhter Md. , Ahmad Qaseem
Published: October 2024

Hypertension (HTN) may be defined as persistent increases in arterial blood pressure (BP), which is one of the severe peak medical health conditions that significantly increase various complications of severe cardiovascular problems including myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal failure. In accord with the World Health Organization (WHO), the incidence of death in countries having low- and middle-class families has been reported three-fourth because of heart disease and stroke. It has been one of the crucial avoidable donors to disease and death across the US, leading to myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal failure, if not diagnosed early and treated properly. Hypertension being a common disease kills people silently nationwide as well as globally. According to the WHO, it is the chief cause of mortality and morbidity, and 1.4 billion people have high BP globally, but only 14 percent are having BP under control across the globe. The Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure (ACC/AHA/JNC 8) has lately released recommendations based on the evidence on treatment thresholds, goals, and medications in managing hypertension that will enhance adults’ quality of life (QoL).
Elevated Serum Syndecan-1 Levels Are Associated with Obesity-Related Complications in Children
Authors: Erol Meltem , Tenekecigil Aslıhan , Ozel Abdulrahman , Bostan Gayret Ozlem , Yuce Okan , Yılmaz Canan
Published: October 2024

Background: Syndecan-1 plays a crucial role in cell differentiation, growth, adhesion, wound healing, and inflammatory processes. It has been linked to obesity, particularly overweight and chronic low-grade inflammation. Objectives: This study aimed to compare serum syndecan-1 levels between obese children and a healthy control group and to investigate the relationship between serum syndecan-1 levels and renal and cardiovascular complications associated with obesity in children. Methods: We assessed 30 obese and 30 healthy children aged 8 - 16 years. Blood samples were collected from both groups to measure serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), syndecan-1, fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and urea concentrations. In the obese group, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), insulin, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were also measured, along with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results: The mean serum syndecan-1 levels in the obese and control groups were 15.65 ± 10.01 ng/mL and 6.99 ± 3.79 ng/mL, respectively, with a significantly higher level observed in the obese group (P < 0.005). Significant differences were also found in BMI, BMI SDS, creatinine, AST, and ALT levels between the two groups (P < 0.05), with all parameters being higher in the obese group. A significant positive linear association was identified between syndecan-1 levels and creatinine, TG, and BMI SDS (r = 0.711, r = 0.630, r = 0.682, P < 0.01). Additionally, a strong negative correlation was found between syndecan-1 and HDL-C levels (r = -0.609, P < 0.001). No significant linear relationship was detected between syndecan-1 levels and LDL-C, ALT, AST, glucose, urea, insulin levels, or HOMA-IR measurements (P > 0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed that serum creatinine levels and BMI SDS were significantly linked to changes in syndecan-1 levels. Conclusions: Syndecan-1 is elevated in obese children due to inflammation and may serve as an early biomarker for endothelial damage. It can be useful in detecting obesity-related renal damage and cardiovascular risk in children.
SEROPREVALENCE OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE IN KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2021-2023
Authors: Burashev Y. D. , Orynbayev M. B. , Abeuov K. B. , Rystayeva R. A. , Omarova Z. D. , Tulendibayev A. B. , Argimbayeva T. U. , Alibekova D. A. , Aubakir N. A. , Yermekbay T. T.
Published: October 2024

According to the International Bureau of Epizootics, until recently, the territory of Kazakhstan was considered a free zone from foot-and-mouth disease in animals with vaccination, but there is a risk of the disease virus being introduced from cross-border countries into our republic. Therefore, the veterinary service and scientific community of our state need to conduct constant monitoring with seromonitoring and screening of the immune status of animals throughout the country.It is known that outbreaks of foot and mouth disease cause significant damage to livestock production and the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan when the virus is likely to be introduced from disadvantaged countries led to the emergence of multiple foci of infection in the country and huge costs for their elimination.The introduction of foot-and-mouth disease into the regions of Kazakhstan that are part of the zone free from foot-and-mouth disease without vaccination, officially recognized by the World Organization for Animal Health, led to the suspension of the status of the entire zone, which in turn led to restrictions on both the export of livestock products and grain, and on trade inside the countryThe purpose of our study is to determine the seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in Kazakhstan for 2021-2023.It has been established that there is still a high risk of introducing new genotypes of the foot-and-mouth disease virus into the territory of our country.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS IN LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors: Jumakayeva A. N.
Published: October 2024

This article provides an overview of scientific studies on the problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics. It summarizes current concepts of antibiotic resistance, the division of microorganisms into sensitive and resistant to antibiotics, and explains the concept of minimal inhibitory concentration from a modern perspective. The main mechanisms of the development of antibiotic resistance, vectors, and genes responsible for the transmission of resistance are revealed. Microorganism resistance to antibacterial agents can be innate or acquired. The bacterial pathogens of respiratory infections, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella catarrhalis, and other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, are described. Non-hereditary resistance mechanisms are shown, including changes in metabolic activity, phenotypic plasticity, and biofilm formation. The factors involved in the acquisition and transmission of antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of antibiotic resistance, which goes through several key stages, are discussed. One of the vectors in studying the evolution of antibiotic resistance should be the analysis of bacterial communities forming biofilms rather than isolated bacterial strains, as microorganisms in biofilms exhibit low sensitivity to various antibiotics due to phenotypic resistance mechanisms.The methods of combating antibiotic resistance include several approaches: rational use of antibiotics, development of new antibiotics, and vaccination
OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION ON SEASONAL INFLUENZA VACCINES
Authors: Baiyzbekova D. A.
Published: October 2024

Influenza virus infection causes seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics, resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination is the most important tool for the prevention of influenza, while annual renewal of the composition of the vaccine is required due to the constant variability of the influenza virus. Epidemiological surveillance of the virus plays an important role in the better selection of candidate viruses for vaccines and early detection of drug-resistant strains.This work presents an overview of current vaccine options and existing vaccine candidate developments. Today, three types of influenza vaccines are licensed in the world: inactivated, live attenuated and recombinant. The effectiveness of the current version of the influenza vaccine is suboptimal and is estimated at 40–60% when the vaccine strains antigenically correspond well to the circulating viruses. In general, the influenza vaccine is effective against morbidity and mortality among the population from this infection. However, the effectiveness of the vaccine depends on a number of factors, such as the age of the vaccinated, the corresponding strain included in the vaccine, the circulating virus, the production process itself, and the subject's previous vaccination history. Next-generation vaccines, universal vaccines and combination vaccines are the result of modern achievements and the basis for the future development of influenza vaccines
SYSTEMATIZATION OF INDICATORS AND STANDARDS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND EPIZOOTIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE BY THE PLAGUE TO UPGRADES PREVENTIVE (ANTI-PLAGUE) EVENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Aikimbayev A. M. , Abdel Z. Zh. , Zhumadilova Z. B. , Tokmurziyeva G. Zh. , Meka-Mechenko T. V. , Mussagaliyeva R. S. , Baitursyn B. , Umarova S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of epidemiological surveillance in case of plague is to assess the epizootic state of natural foci to determine the risk of people plague infection and warning the anthroponotic spread of infection. Tracking of epizootic manifestations of the plague is carried at during epizootic examination, which is carried out in sufficient volume in Kazakhstan, despite more than 20 years of epidemiological well-being. This allows you to keep the readiness of healthcare in case of complications from the plague, both natural and intentional characters, which is the main goal in ensuring the biological safety of the state. According to the results of epidemiological monitoring, data on the patterns of natural focality of the plague are being replenished. Except to natural factors of epidemic potential - the state of populations of plague carriers and vectors, social factors are important, among which the decreed contingent of the population, which has an increased risk of infection due bu type of activity, and numerous other indicators. In the presented work, special attention is paid to the role of camels in the epidemiology of plague. The new data obtained on these animals, on the comparative genetic characteristics of the strains of the plague microbe isolated in different years, by security of the anti-plague service with regulations, allow us to improve the indicators and standards of epidemiological surveillance of the plague to increase the effectiveness of preventive measures in the Republic of Kazakhstan
NEWCASTLE DISEASE IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS PSEUDOCUMA OF BIRDS
Authors: Beishebaev D. N.
Published: October 2024

Newcastle disease is a serious infectious disease affecting the internal organs, nervous and respiratory systems. It is caused by paramyxovirus PMV-1 and has a large number of different strains that can cause various forms of the disease. These forms can sometimes "masquerade" as other diseases such as cholera, bronchitis, avian flu or laryngotracheitis. Newcastle disease can only be detected by an accurate diagnosis. Poultry of all ages and breeds are susceptible to the disease, but most often Newcastle disease is diagnosed in domestic chickens. Outbreaks of Newcastle disease are reported worldwide and can cause problems for large poultry farms. Although Newcastle disease does not directly affect humans, a flu-like condition can develop after contact with an infected person. Characteristic signs of Newcastle disease in birds include encephalitis, pneumonia and hemorrhage into internal organs due to their damage.The last outbreak of Newcastle disease in birds in the Republic of Kazakhstan was detected in the village of Akhmet in the Nurinsky district of the Karaganda region on October 4, 2023. On October 6, the Karaganda Regional Territorial Inspection of the Veterinary Control and Supervision Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture declared quarantine in rural areas.The study conducted in the Karaganda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan was aimed at studying the outbreak of Newcastle disease in poultry in the village of Akhmet in the Nurinsky district. During the study, veterinary and sanitary measures were carried out, including sampling for laboratory diagnostics, vaccination of livestock and the introduction of quarantine restrictions. The results of the study showed the high effectiveness of the measures taken to localize and eliminate the source of infection. The virus has been identified, which underlines the need for constant monitoring of the epizootic situation. The data obtained make it possible to recommend the expansion of vaccination programs and the strengthening of veterinary control at poultry farms to prevent the further spread of Newcastle disease.Despite the fact that Newcastle disease has been known to veterinarians for several years, no treatment method has yet been developed. However, the control of Newcastle disease in poultry can be achieved through isolation and quarantine of infected animals, vaccination programs, biosafety measures at livestock facilities, monitoring of animal movements and surveillance
MODIFICATION OF THE PHAGE TITER INCREASE REACTION PROCEDURE FOR AEROMONAD BACTERIOPHAGES
Authors: Feoktistova N. , Lomakin A. , Minaeva A. , Raxina I. , Maiorov P.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of studies on modification of the phage titer increase reaction technique for aeromonad bacteriophages. Using bacteriophages Av-4 of the UlSAU series and Ah-4 of the Ul-SAU series, which are characterized by high titers of lytic activity and a wide spectrum of specific lyt-ic action, the optimal parameters for setting up the phage titer increase reaction (a quantitative indicator of the reaction that has diagnostic value and the optimal time that ensures full interaction of the phage with bacteria) were developed. It was empirically established that the following parameters are the most effective for setting up the RNF for the purpose of indicating A. veronii bv.veronii and A.hydrophila bacteria in sanitary inspection facilities: the concentration of the indicator culture de-tected during the reaction is 103 - 104 m.c./ml/g, the working dilution of the bacteriophage is 105 PFU/ml. Experiments to optimize the methodology for setting up the RNF have shown that the most optimal method for detecting A. hydrophila and A. veronii bv. veronii bacteria in non-sterile water and fish samples in laboratory conditions is preliminary cultivation of the test material for 2 hours at (29±1) 0C, followed by infection with phages Av-4 of the UlSAU series and Ah-4 of the UlSAU series and incubation of the mixture for 4 hours at (29±1) 0C. The study was carried out in accordance with the thematic plan-task of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, registration number EGISU NIOKTR 123031600041-9.
An analysis of how digital technology impacts trade costs—Based on the empirical data of RCEP member countries
Authors: Meng Juan , Lu Hao , She Shenxiang
Published: October 2024

This paper explores how digital technology reduces trade costs using bilateral trade data from RCEP member countries and a panel fixed effects model. The findings show that digital technology significantly lowers trade costs, a conclusion that holds even after accounting for lag effects and various robustness checks. The impact of digital technology on trade costs follows an inverted U-shape: the effect is most significant in the current period, especially with a one-period lag, and diminishes over time. Larger economies and higher export levels strengthen this negative impact due to their reliance on exports and continuous improvements in domestic digital technology. The study recommends investing in digital infrastructure, formulating reasonable internet access policies, supporting digital skills development, and enhancing digital connectivity to bridge the digital divide, thereby promoting trade facilitation and efficiency.
Government Communication Strategies in Combating Online Gambling in Indonesia
Authors: Estriana Virna , Ratu Annisa
Published: October 2024

Online gambling has become one of the biggest challenges faced by the Indonesian government in recent decades. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to analyze the government's communication strategy in combating online gambling in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with online gambling victims, conducted directly and via the Zoom and Google Meet platforms. Thematic analysis techniques were used to analyze data. The results show that the communication strategies of the government in tackling online gambling have not been fully effective, mainly due to limitations in message delivery, use of communication channels, and enforcement of regulations. It is hoped that through this collaborative approach, the prevalence of online gambling can be significantly reduced, and the community can be better protected from its negative impacts. This research is expected to serve as a reference for future studies in the fields of communication, law, and public policy related to online gambling.
A Minimally Invasive Approach for Managing Umbilical Hernia and Rectus Abdominis Diastasis: A Single-Center Case Series
Authors: Hiwa O. Baba  , Rebaz O. Mohammed  , Saman S. Muhialdeen  , Hawkar A. Nasralla  , Abdulwahid M. Salih  , Hiwa O. Abdullah  , Ayoob A. Mohammed  , Ali H. Hasan  , Hemn A. Hassan
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Umbilical hernias (UHs) and rectus abdominis diastasis (RAD) are distinct abdominal conditions that, though separate, frequently overlap in the context of surgical management. The debate over the most effective repair techniques continues, despite the proposal of numerous methods and guidelines. In this study, we reported a novel surgical technique involving a minimal incision for managing both UHs and RAD.
Methods
Following the de-identification of data, the necessary information was retrospectively collected from the clinical profiles of patients managed through our technique. The records included patient demographics, smoking, body mass index (BMI), family and patient history of hernias, parity, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, operation time, hospital admission, treatment outcomes, and follow-up. All the included cases had small-sized UHs (≤ 2 cm) and RAD.
Results
The patients' ages ranged from 23 to 44 years (34.3 ±5.65), with a mean BMI of 26.8±2.74 kg/m². All patients were multiparous women, with the majority having experienced three pregnancies. Clinical symptoms included pain and swelling in all cases. The surgical procedure duration varied from 30 to 45 minutes, with a mean of 33±4.9 minutes, and no complications were encountered intra or postoperatively. All the cases were discharged home the same day of the operation. There were no instances of hernia recurrence after a mean of 6.4 months of follow-up.
Conclusion
The technique discussed in this study may play a crucial role in effectively managing patients with UHs ≤ 2 cm and/or RAD, offering satisfactory outcomes with no complications and minimal operating times.
Lehman Brothers Skandalı
Authors: Çömlekçi İstemi , Özer Ali , Özer Nevin
Published: October 2024

Lehman Brothers’ın iflasının ana sebeplerinden biri, finansal piyasalarda meydana gelen dengesizlikler ve aşırı riskli stratejilerdir. Özellikle, Lehman Brothers’ın 2000’li yılların ortasında, konut piyasasında patlayan balonun etkilerini öngöremeden, yüksek riskli subprime mortgage kredilerini menkul kıymetleştirip bu ürünleri yatırımcılara sunması büyük bir sorun yaratmıştır. Bu menkul kıymetlerin değerinin düşmesi ve mortgage geri ödemelerinde yaşanan gecikmeler, Lehman Brothers’ın bilançosunda ciddi bir hasara yol açmıştır. Ayrıca, bankanın yüksek kaldıraç oranları ve düşük likidite yönetimi, borçlarını karşılamakta yetersiz kalmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum, Lehman Brothers’ın 15 Eylül 2008’de iflas etmesine yol açmış ve finansal piyasalarda ciddi bir güven krizine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Lehman Brothers'ın çöküşünün altında yatan nedenler, çöküşün yarattığı etkiler ve bunu önlemek için neler yapılabileceği irdelenmiştir.
Lehman Brothers’ın çöküşünün sonuçları, global finansal sistem üzerinde kapsamlı etkiler yaratmıştır. İflas, likidite sıkıntısına neden olarak diğer finansal kurumlar üzerinde domino etkisi yaratmış ve birçok büyük banka ve finansal kuruluşun zor durumda kalmasına yol açmıştır. Bu çöküş, dünya çapında kredi piyasalarının daralmasına ve ekonomik durgunluklara neden olmuştur. Ekonomik sistemin istikrarını sağlamak için önerilen önlemler arasında, daha sıkı düzenleyici ve denetim mekanizmalarının geliştirilmesi, özellikle bankaların sermaye yeterlilik oranlarının artırılması ve risk yönetimi stratejilerinin güçlendirilmesi yer almaktadır. Ayrıca, finansal piyasaların şeffaflığının artırılması ve kriz anlarında merkezi bankaların ve hükümetlerin hızlı müdahaleleri için etkili protokollerin oluşturulması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
The impact of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance
Authors: Fatah Rezhin Dhahir
Published: October 2024

This article studies the field of corporate governance and explorers its impact on firm performance, which is one of the most arguable subjects in the literature. The objective of this paper is to shed light on different perspectives regarding cooperate governance mechanisms by reviewing the most recent studies in this field and to explorer its impact on firm performance. This paper has reviewed theoretical framework such as agency theory and stewardship theory which proposed by academics, as well as 13 empirical studies. The review found that strong and effective corporate governance is necessary to keep firm performance stays in improving trend, especially some important mechanisms such as (manager behaviour, ownership structure, and board of director diversity in regards of gender). This paper contributed to the literature by providing an argument from variety point of views achieving different results, which can be understood that there is no a common agreement regarding the effect of such mechanisms on performance. Hence, it provides the need of more explorations in this field as the complexity of the relationship. This paper suggests that despite the existence many researches in this field exploring the importance of corporate governance, the need of additional studies required to be conducted testing a wider range of firms with different economic situation.
A review of intellectual capital measurement and reporting
Authors: Karem Langa Esmael
Published: October 2024

The emergence of the "new economy," which is primarily propelled by knowledge and information, global competition, and evolving interpersonal activity patterns, is ascribed to the growing significance of intellectual capital (IC) as a management and research area. The claim that information and communication (IC) will play a significant role in determining enterprise value and the health of the national economy in the twenty-first century is, in fact, well supported. The drive to create new measures that can be used to track and report the value attributed to knowledge within an organization stems from this realization of the importance of know-how. The process has been accelerated by the fact that early research on intangible assets and the application of non-financial measures has been found in the accounting financial reports of Swedish enterprises. This is a major divergence from conventional wisdom in management and finance accounting.
The negative effect of abusive leadership in the organization: exploring the mediating role of justice within the organization
Authors: Hassan Shvan Khairullah , Hamagharib Rawand Othman , Mohammed Lawin Hawbash
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of abusive leadership in the organizations in Kurdistan. Further, Procedural Justice and employee satisfaction have been focused on as potentially important factors in employee work engagement. Data for the study has been collected in the Slimani city of Kurdistan. As a result, 182 data have been gathered and evaluated through correlation and regression analyses. The results show that abusive leadership has significant negative effects on employee outcomes, however, the negative impacts of abusive leadership on employee satisfaction and engagement are considerably minimized by justice. These findings imply that improving organizational justice can lessen the negative consequences of abusive leadership and foster a more positive work atmosphere. Our study contributes to the broader discourse on leadership and organizational behavior, offering valuable implications for organizational leaders and policymakers aimed at fostering fair and engaging work environments.
The role of local product festivals in attracting tourists: a Halabja case analysis
Authors: Hussein Shajwan Rafaat , Wahab Yousf Aryan , Fatah Naji Afrasyaw
Published: October 2024

Local product festivals play a crucial role in attracting tourism by showcasing unique and authentic cultural experiences and promoting local economies. The importance of this research lies in its potential to shed light on the impact of local production and festivals on tourism. The research explores the views of 171 respondents with the help of a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 23, descriptive analysis was used to show frequencies. who were selected to participate in the survey from four different but interrelated local product stakeholders: Government entity/festival organizer, Customer/ Tourist, Owner of domestic products, and Owner of hotels and tourism projects. The main findings were: the services provided to the customer/ tourist vary according to the sectors, the type of activities, and the marketing environment, in our study, see that some factors affect the attraction of tourists to the city of Halabja. There is an impact relationship between the variables in attracting tourists, which means the need to pay attention to the dimensions of the marketing environment. Our questionnaire survey among local producers in Halabja City has been able to verify our hypotheses. This study suggested exploring the variety of products towards the satisfaction level of targeted customers.
Islamization of The Concept of Religiosity in Business People
Authors: Nadawi Silva Fauziyah , Umam Khoirul
Published: October 2024

This research was motivated by increasing attention to the issue of religious religiosity and ethics in business practices, where the application of religious values is essential to maintain business continuity. This study aims to explore the concept of religiosity from an Islamic perspective by looking at secular elements in Glock and Stark's religiosity and Islamizing the concept to offer a new perspective on Islamic business ethics. Using the literature study method, this study explores the concept of religiosity from a Western perspective, represented by Glock and Stark's theory, and the integration of Islamic elements into pre-existing dimensions. The results show that religiosity in the context of Islam does not only include religious aspects but also involves the application of Islamic values in everyday life. This includes faith, worship, morals, experience, and knowledge. Nevertheless, these adaptations still do not fully reflect the overall characteristics of Islam. This research offers new insights into how religiosity can be applied in business practices from an Islamic perspective.
Impacto de jornadas lúdico-pedagógicas en el desarrollo motriz de niños de 3 a 7 años, para el Proyecto YACHAKUNA
Authors: Vélez Ajila Luis Eduardo , Ramón Pacurucu Luisa Patricia , Vega Sánchez Alcívar Alejandro , Romero Murillo Stalin Santiago
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo se planteó como objetivo demostrar el impacto de las estrategias lúdico-pedagógicas y de la actividad física para el desarrollo integral de niños de 3 a 7 años, en la cual se aplicó una metodología de investigación-acción con enfoque cualitativo. Para la recolección de la información se utilizaron instrumentos como, la guía de observación estructurada, la guía de entrevista semiestructurada y el grupo focal, este estudio se desarrolló con la participación de 120 estudiantes, 40 padres y 10 docentes. Durante las jornadas, los niños participaron en diversas actividades que favorecieron el desarrollo de habilidades motoras gruesas y finas, obteniendo como resultado mejoras significativas en la motricidad, tanto en el equilibrio y la coordinación, como en la precisión manual. Además, se observó un avance en el desarrollo social y emocional de los niños, especialmente en su capacidad de trabajar en equipo y resolver conflictos.
En esta investigación se puede mencionar que las jornadas lúdico-pedagógicas tienen un impacto positivo en el desarrollo integral de los niños. Las actividades bien estructuradas no solo mejoran las habilidades físicas, sino que también promueven el crecimiento social y cognitivo, preparando a los niños para enfrentar desafíos en su entorno educativo y social.
Defensa constitucional al derecho de la propiedad intelectual en el Ecuador
Authors: Ortega Estrella Lady Esther , Clery Aguirre Arturo Guillermo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el papel de la defensa constitucional en el amparo de los derechos de propiedad intelectual en Ecuador. La metodología adoptó un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, con una revisión exhaustiva de la normativa nacional e internacional en materia de propiedad intelectual y el análisis de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional. Se prestó especial atención a las acciones extraordinarias de protección relacionadas con vulneraciones de estos derechos. Los resultados mostraron que, si bien la Constitución ecuatoriana ofrece una sólida protección teórica de la propiedad intelectual, en la práctica su aplicación es inconsistente debido a limitaciones en el sistema judicial. En varios casos, la Corte Constitucional ha tenido que equilibrar los derechos de propiedad intelectual con otros derechos esenciales, como el acceso a la educación. En conclusión, el estudio revela la necesidad de fortalecer la aplicación efectiva de los derechos de propiedad intelectual en Ecuador.
Insufficient Awareness Regarding Anemia Prevention during Pregnancy among Expectant Women in Uganda
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Kibibi Wairimu H.
Published: October 2024

Anemia during pregnancy is a significant public health issue in Uganda, affecting 30-50% of expectant mothers, with detrimental consequences for both maternal and fetal health. This condition, characterized by low hemoglobin levels, increases the risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal mortality. Despite its prevalence, there is insufficient awareness regarding anemia prevention among pregnant women in Uganda. Contributing factors include poor nutrition, chronic infections, lack of access to healthcare, and cultural beliefs that hinder dietary practices. This review explores the types, causes, and consequences of anemia during pregnancy, as well as existing prevention strategies, such as iron and folic acid supplementation, malaria prevention, and community health initiatives. It also highlights the barriers to awareness, including educational, socioeconomic, and healthcare access challenges, and offers recommendations for improving awareness, prevention, and healthcare access. Strengthening education campaigns, leveraging community health workers, and enhancing healthcare infrastructure are vital for reducing the burden of anemia in pregnancy and improving maternal and child health outcomes. Keywords: Anemia, pregnancy, Uganda, iron deficiency, maternal health, prevention strategies, public health.
Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Coexisting Diabetes and Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mwende Wairimu G.
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remained the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with diabetes and hypertension serving as significant contributors to this burden. The coexistence of these two chronic conditions (diabetes and hypertension) exacerbated cardiovascular risk through complex pathophysiological interactions, including insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and vascular remodeling. This review provided an in-depth analysis of the cardiovascular risks associated with the coexistence of diabetes and hypertension, emphasizing the multifaceted interplay between these conditions. Utilizing a comprehensive literature review and analysis of current clinical practices, the article explored key pathophysiological mechanisms, assessed cardiovascular risk assessment strategies, and evaluated management approaches. Effective management necessitated a combined approach of pharmacological treatment, lifestyle modifications, and integrated care strategies. Future research should focus on novel therapeutic agents and integrated management strategies to enhance our understanding and treatment of these interrelated conditions, aiming to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve patient outcomes. Keywords: Cardiovascular Risk, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Risk Assessment, Management Strategies.
Nanotechnology in Malaria Treatment: Targeted Drug Delivery Systems and Future Applications
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Kampala International University Uganda, Nassimbwa Kabanda D.
Published: October 2024

Malaria continued to be a major global health challenge, particularly in regions with high disease burden, despite advancements in treatment options such as Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs). The emergence of nanotechnology offered a transformative approach to malaria treatment, with its potential to improve drug delivery, bioavailability, and therapeutic outcomes. This review examined the current applications and advancements in nanotechnology for malaria treatment, focusing on the use of nanocarriers like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles. These systems enhanced the efficacy of antimalarial drugs by enabling targeted delivery to malaria-infected cells, overcoming drug resistance, and offering controlled release mechanisms. The review also explored emerging strategies such as combination therapies, personalized nanomedicine, responsive nanoparticles, and vaccine delivery systems. While nanotechnology holds great promise, challenges including safety, scalability, regulatory hurdles, and cost were addressed. Future directions suggest innovations such as smart nanocarriers, personalized treatments, and enhanced diagnostic integration. Methodologically, this review synthesized data from recent preclinical and clinical research to provide a comprehensive analysis of nanotechnology’s role in advancing malaria treatment. Global collaboration and interdisciplinary research will be pivotal in realizing the full potential of nanotechnology in combating malaria. Keywords: Nanotechnology, malaria treatment, drug delivery systems, liposomes, nanoparticles, targeted therapy, drug resistance
Kitsune
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: October 2024

Youko Marian Horiuchi Beltrán, DR ©

Dibujo a lápiz y coloreado digital Ciudad de México, marzo 2020 Sitio de la autora: YouKonejo Instagram Esta es una reproducción digital, con fines de divulgación, de una obra original, todos los derechos de autor y reproducción están reservados por el artista.
Prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for urinary incontinence among women in a low-resource setting
Authors: Okesina Bolanle , Fehintola Akintunde , Raji Hadijat , Abdur-Rahim Foyeke , Ajiboye Akinyosoye , Ayegbusi Oluwole
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common but under-reported condition among women in low-resource settings. The prevalence and pattern of UI, as well as associated risk factors must be examined to inform appropriate health interventions. This study investigated the prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for UI among women in a low-resource setting. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 women ≥ 15 years old in Ilorin South Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and health-related data on UI The prevalence of UI was determined using the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire-Urgency Frequency Scale (ICIQ-UFS). Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 47.9 (± 4.5), and 200 (50.0%) were grand-multipara. The prevalence of UI among women in our study setting was 52.7%. The most common pattern of UI was stress incontinence at 140 (67%), followed by mixed incontinence at 45(21%) and urge incontinence at 26 (12%). Age (p < 0.001), parity (p = 0.006), and BMI (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with UI. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that UI is highly prevalent among our study population and that age, parity, and BMI are associated with the occurrence of UI. There is a need for interventions that focus on preventing and managing UI among women in low-resource settings.
Charismatic Leadership in Improving The Quality of Resources in Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Hariadi Nur , Sumardjoko Bambang , Maryadi
Published: October 2024

This article highlights the critical role of leadership in shaping the quality of education and human resources within Islamic boarding schools, which face challenges in adapting to modern management standards and ensuring sustainable development. This research addresses the low quality and loyalty of human resources and the management system in Islamic boarding schools, particularly through the charismatic leadership of caregivers at Muhammadiyah Darul Arqom Karanganyar Islamic Boarding School. This article gathers primary data from in-depth interviews with Islamic boarding school managers, students, and alums and secondary data from relevant literature. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation studies.The findings reveal that caregivers must integrate various leadership styles, with charismatic abilities as a distinctive identity that significantly influences human resource elements. Motivation for subordinates, educators, and students should be carried out effectively through person-to-person, group-to-group, and collaborative approaches. The study concludes that improving the quality of education at Pesantren Muhammadiyah Darul Arqom Karanganyar involves transformational leadership patterns focused on enhancing human resource capabilities by encouraging mindset shifts, motivating, and providing development opportunities through training, workshops, and seminars. Future research should explore the impact of digital tools and technology on leadership effectiveness in Islamic boarding schools and examine strategies for fostering global competitiveness among human resources in similar educational institutions.
Court of Justice
Authors: Xygka A.
Published: October 2024

This overview highlights: (i) the ECJ State aid decision in the case of Apple – Commission v. Ireland and Others (C-465/20 P); (ii) the ECJ State aid decision on the UK CFC Group Financing Exemption – United Kingdom v. Commission and Others, ITV v. Commission and Others and LSEGH (Luxembourg) and London Stock Exchange Group Holdings (Italy) v. Commission and Others (Joined Cases C-555/22 P, C-556/22 P and C-564/22 P); and (iii) the publication of important amendments to the rules of procedure related to a transfer of jurisdiction for preliminary rulings to the General Court.
If cheating is optimisation then assessment must not be pure
Authors: Billingsley William
Published: October 2024

The emergence of generative AI has broadened the question of how to ensure academic integrity. Where, in the past, many tools sought to counter specific threats to integrity (for example, detecting plagiarism or outsourcing), we now need to consider integrity more fundamentally: What work can we be assured the student did? One way of viewing cheating is from the perspective of optimisation: producing a result without performing the work. This perspective creates an interesting parallel with computer programming. A programmer often wants their compiler to optimise their program, altering its instructions to make it run more efficiently, without affecting its observable behaviour. Some characteristics of programs make this easier or harder to do. For example, a function is said to be “pure” if it always produces the same outputs for the same inputs and has no other effects. If the result is known, then performing the function can be invisibly replaced by inserting its result. If, however, a function has an observable effect, then the work of performing the function cannot be optimised away. This paper explores academic integrity assurance through the lens of “effect types”. In functional languages, functions are often written in such a manner that the types of effects they have are explicit and tracked by the compiler. The paper likens this to tracking the types of academic integrity measures that are present in each assessment, how they compose across a course, and therefore what observable effects are present to assure each learning outcome.
PHƯƠNG PHÁP KHỐNG CHẾ VÀ KIỂM TRA CHÂN FPGA DỰA TRÊN TIÊU CHUẨN IEEE 1149.1 VÀ XJLINK
Authors: Trần Duy Hưng  , Bùi Hoàng Tùng  , Nguyễn Văn Trường  , Chu Ngọc Hải
Published: October 2024

Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi đề xuất một phương pháp khống chế và kiểm tra khả năng hoạt động của các chân chip FPGA khi đang hoạt động trong hệ thống điện điện tử dựa trên tiêu chuẩn IEEE 1149.1. Phương pháp sử dụng phần cứng XJLink thông qua nhân IP theo kết cấu quét biên tiêu chuẩn IEEE 1149.1 tích hợp bên trong FPGA thực hiện khống chế và gài lỗi trên một số chân của chip để kiểm tra tính năng của các chân đó mà không cần thực hiện các tác động vật lý hay phải tháo dỡ FPGA ra khỏi bo mạch. Kết quả thực nghiệm trên các bo mạch Xilinx FPGA cho thấy, phương pháp đề xuất có độ tin cậy và tính linh hoạt cao, tốc độ khống chế nhanh nhất lên tới 150MHz trong khi các chân khác của chip vẫn hoạt động bình thường. Đồng thời, phương pháp đề xuất còn có thể thực hiện khống chế ngay sau khi FPGA được cấp nguồn.