bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational Effectiveness as The New ‘Babel of Tongues’ Of Management Science
Authors: KOWAL Witold
Published: January 2025

One of the most notable properties of the modern scientific output – particularly in the realm of social sciences – is the cumulative character of knowledge. This poses a serious challenge for science, which must deal with an apparent ‘oversupply’ of knowledge, taking the form of theories. The multitude of scientific representations presents science with the problem of their effectiveness, related to their cognitive function, and above all the ability to predict. The aim of the article is to present how contextuality influenced the development of organizational effectiveness theories and how this knowledge developed cumulatively. This paper is based on review and critique of extant literature on organizational effectiveness. The main finding of the conducted studies is that, from the point of view of explanatory methods, contextual approach dominates in the interpretation of organizational effectiveness, and the category of organizational effectiveness as a theory has become very complex. Its universality has been replaced by numerous interpretive contexts. The modern interpretation of organizational effectiveness resembles the “Tower of Babel”, which reflects knowledge developed cumulatively.
Career Shaping of Public Relations Professionals in Poland Based On the Results of Comparative Studies
Authors: TWORZYDLO Dariusz , ZYCZYNSKI Norbert , OPOLSKA-BIELANSKA Agata
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the evolving career dynamics of public relations (PR) professionals in Poland, focussing on factors that influence career satisfaction, retention and job stability. While successful PR practice relies on skilled and motivated professionals, limited research has addressed career trajectories and challenges faced by PR specialists in Poland, particularly in response to recent global labour market changes. Addressing this gap, the study analyses key determinants of job satisfaction, career commitment and turnover intentions among Polish PR professionals, providing insight into an under-researched area within the industry. Using a comparative approach, two original surveys were conducted in 2021 and 2022 with PR professionals, employing auditory surveys and computer-assisted web interview techniques to collect data on job satisfaction, likelihood of recommending a PR career, probability of choosing PR again and frequency of considering a career change. The results reveal a significant decline in job satisfaction, along with increased consideration of career changes and growing uncertainty about the long-term value of a PR career. Additionally, more than 42% of the participants entered the field by chance rather than through deliberate planning, pointing to a lack of intentional career development within the industry. These findings underscore the need for focused career development and retention strategies to strengthen the PR profession, particularly as it faces challenges related to job stability, professional identity and employee satisfaction in a rapidly changing market landscape.
EFICÁCIA DO USO DE FÁRMACOS COM EFEITO BRONCODILATADOR NO TRATAMENTO DA BRONQUIOLITE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Neves Thaís Rodrigues , Mariz Rafael Gonçalves Murray , Fernandes Caroline Melo , Dias João Pedro Gonçalves , Simões Luíza Ferreira Guimarães , Bhering Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2025

A bronquiolite aguda (BA) é uma síndrome caracterizada por esforço respiratório e sibilância em menores de 2 anos que apresentaram pródromos de infecções virais do trato respiratório superior, tendo seu tratamento baseado na sintomatologia. Devida ausência de uma terapia específica com potencial fator de mudança, as diretrizes atuais permitem testes clínicos com prescrição de drogas broncodilatadoras. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi analisar a eficácia do uso de broncodilatadores na BA. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) com os descritores “bronchiolitis” e “bronchodilator agents” e um total de 17 artigos científicos foram incluídos após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Através dos estudos analisados foi observado que a eficácia dos broncodilatadores não é universalmente aceita. Embora inexista terapia que contemple a heterogeneidade das características dos doentes e das apresentações clínicas da patologia, os benefícios da administração de broncodilatadores para um grupo restrito de pacientes, o qual não é contemplado pela diretriz e pela maioria dos ensaios clínicos, não são questionados. Em conclusão, urge a necessidade de identificar os fenótipos dos pacientes em que a droga seria eficaz, minimizando o uso injustificado da medicação.
O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À SAÚDE
Authors: Macedo Anabyhacya de Azevedo Araújo , Macedo Paulo Azevedo Macedo , Lelis Henrique Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

A saúde é o maior bem pretendido pelos seres humanos. Ao longo da história, a luta pela conquista do direito ao acesso à saúde erigiu tal direito à Carta Magna de 1988, como direito social disponível a todos. No Brasil, o acesso à saúde pública com qualidade é ainda uma luta constante e sem um horizonte certo. Nessa conjuntura, se a saúde é um direito fundamental disponível à todos, bem como um dever o Estado, por que o acesso à saúde é tão precária no Brasil? Com base na pergunta-problema, é possível criar a seguinte hipótese: O direito à saúde é um direito garantido na Constituição Federal, porém as políticas públicas de acesso à saúde ainda são ineficientes e precárias.
AUTISMO E EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ESTRATÉGIAS PEDAGÓGICAS PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA INCLUSÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Alves Edsangela Gosler Casciano , Santos Queila Pereira , Jesus Andreia Frez de , Azevedo Rogério Lopes , Santos Rodrigo Neto dos , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: January 2025

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma condição neuropsiquiátrica que impacta significativamente a comunicação, o comportamento e as interações sociais das crianças, exigindo uma abordagem educacional especializada e inclusiva. A educação infantil desempenha um papel crucial na promoção do desenvolvimento integral desses alunos, sendo fundamental que os profissionais da área adotem estratégias pedagógicas que atendam às suas necessidades específicas, promovendo sua participação efetiva no ambiente escolar. A pesquisa sobre o autismo e a inclusão educacional aponta para a importância de práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas e da formação contínua dos educadores para garantir que as crianças com TEA recebam o apoio necessário para seu pleno desenvolvimento. Autores como Vygotsky, com sua teoria sociointeracionista, Piaget, com seu foco no desenvolvimento cognitivo, e especialistas em autismo como Lorna Wing e Tony Attwood, oferecem uma base teórica importante para a construção de estratégias pedagógicas eficazes. Este estudo visa explorar as principais abordagens utilizadas na educação infantil para promover a inclusão de crianças com TEA, destacando a relevância da formação dos educadores e da aplicação de métodos específicos que favoreçam o desenvolvimento social, cognitivo e emocional dessas crianças.
Role of a key microphysical factor in mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds and their interactions with aerosols
Authors: Lee Seoung Soo , Jung Chang Hoon , Choi Jinho , Yoon Young Jun , Um Junshik , Zheng Youtong , Guo Jianping , Manoj Manguttathil G. , Song Sang-Keun
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This study examines the ratio of ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) to cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC), that is ICNC / CDNC, in mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds. This examination is performed using a large-eddy simulation (LES) framework and is one of the efforts toward a more general understanding of mechanisms controlling cloud development and aerosol–cloud interactions, as well as the impacts of ice processes on them in mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds. For the examination, this study compares a case of polar mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds to one of midlatitude mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds with weak precipitation. It is found that ICNC / CDNC plays a critical role in causing differences in cloud development with respect to the relative proportion of liquid and ice mass between the cases by affecting in-cloud latent-heat processes. Note that this proportion has an important implication for cloud radiative properties and, thus, for climate. It is also found that ICNC / CDNC plays a critical role in causing differences in the interactions between clouds and aerosols and in the impacts of ice processes on clouds and their interactions with aerosols between the cases by affecting in-cloud latent-heat processes. Findings of this study suggest that ICNC / CDNC can be a simplified general factor that contributes to a more general understanding and parameterization of mixed-phase clouds, their interactions with aerosols and the roles of ice processes within them.
Towards a low-resolution infrared sounder for monitoring atmospheric ammonia (NH3) at high spatial resolution
Authors: Noppen Lara , Clarisse Lieven , Tack Frederik , Ruhtz Thomas , Van Damme Martin , Van Roozendael Michel , Schuettemeyer Dirk , Coheur Pierre
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Over the past decade, hyperspectral infrared sounders on satellites have offered global measurements of atmospheric ammonia (NH3), providing valuable insights into its sources. However, due to their coarse spatial resolution and gaps in spatial coverage, inferring emissions from smaller sources or utilizing data from single overpasses remains very challenging. While a high spatial resolution imaging-sounder would greatly enhance monitoring capabilities, developing an instrument that combines high spatial and spectral resolution is technologically difficult and expensive. Here, we analyze the feasibility of measuring NH3 with instruments having a largely reduced spectral coverage and resolution compared to current operational sounders. We explore the performance trade-offs using simulated spectra, measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) satellite sounder, and spectra obtained from aircraft. The measured spectra are degraded spectrally, and their performance is evaluated using metrics such as NH3 measurement uncertainty, signal-to-noise ratio, and false alarm rate. Instruments that measure across a continuous spectral interval and instruments covering specific well-chosen spectral bands are both examined. We demonstrate that a future dedicated NH3 sounder with as few as three spectral bands of 1–5 cm-1 is feasible and would enable the detection of NH3 at both high spatial resolution and across continental scales. The advantage of choosing well-defined spectral bands is demonstrated, e.g. by showing that an instrument with five specific bands of 5 cm-1 performs similarly to one with 20 contiguous channels across 900–1000 cm-1. Additionally, we show that at high spectral resolutions (below 5 cm-1), the NH3 measurement capability is primarily driven by the instrumental noise. As the spectral resolution or number of measurement bands decreases, spectral interferences from other atmospheric constituents and the surface start to dominate the NH3 retrieval uncertainty budget, fundamentally limiting the unambiguous identification of NH3.
High-resolution seismic reflection surveying to delineate shallow subsurface geological structures in the karst area of Shenzhen, China
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Juhlin Christopher , Lü Qingtian , Ruan Xiaoming , Liu Zhendong , Yu Chenghua , Chen Mingchun
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Near-surface seismic reflection surveys can produce high-resolution geological structural images for engineering and hydrological investigations. To help delineate shallow subsurface complex geological structures in a karst area and to better understand limestone cave formation, a high-resolution 2D seismic reflection profile was acquired and processed in the urban area of Shenzhen, China. The stacked images detail subsurface structures down to depths of 80–90 m, including a concave shaped reflection, two thrusts and one normal fault, as well as a hard rock basement reflection at the southern end of the profile which could not be mapped by borehole investigations due to the limited drilling depth. Our interpretations correlate well with borehole data and synthetic modeling. Limestone caves are mainly found along faults and near rivers in this area. Our results provide new insight on the formation mechanism and distribution of the karst caves. Movement along faults and erosion generated fractures and fissures in the limestone that provide channels for rainwater and groundwater to circulate. These waters, rich in carbonic acid, dissolve minerals in the limestone, resulting in the formation of underground cavities. Mapping of the subsurface with geophysical methods can contribute to mitigation of karst hazards in the Pingshan district, Shenzhen.
HOTSSea v1: a NEMO-based physical Hindcast of the Salish Sea (1980–2018) supporting ecosystem model development
Authors: Oldford Greig , Jarníková Tereza , Christensen Villy , Dunphy Michael
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Decadal-scale oceanographic, environmental, and ecological changes have been reported in the Salish Sea, an ecologically productive inland sea in the northeast Pacific that supports the economies and cultures of millions of people. However, there are substantial data gaps related to physical water properties that make it difficult to evaluate trends and the pathways of effects between physical ocean water properties and the productivity of marine ecosystems. With the aim of addressing these gaps, we present the Hindcast of the Salish Sea (HOTSSea) v1, a 3D physical oceanographic model developed using the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean engine, with temporal coverage from 1980–2018. We used an experimental approach to incrementally assess sensitivity to atmospheric and ocean reanalysis products used for boundary forcings and to the horizontal discretisation of the model grid (∼ 1.5 km). Biases inherited from forcings were quantified, and a simple temperature bias correction factor applied at one ocean boundary was found to substantially improve model skill. Evaluation of salinity and temperature indicates performance is best in the Strait of Georgia. Relatively large biases occur in near-surface waters, especially in subdomains with topography narrower than the model grid's horizontal resolution. However, we demonstrated that the model simulates temperature anomalies and a secular warming trend over the entire water column in general agreement with observations. HOTSSea v1 provided a first look at spatially and temporally heterogenous ocean temperature trends throughout the northern and central part of the domain where observations are sparse. Overall, despite the biases inherited from forcings and a relatively coarse horizontal discretisation, HOTSSea v1 performs well at representing temperature and salinity at the spatial–temporal scales needed to support research related to decadal-scale climate effects on marine ecosystems, fish, and fisheries. We conclude by underscoring the need to further extend the hindcast to capture a regime shift that occurred in the 1970s.
pathways-ensemble-analysis v1.1.0: an open-source library for systematic and robust analysis of pathway ensembles
Authors: Welder Lara , Grant Neil , Gidden Matthew J.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Ensembles of mitigation pathways, produced by multiple different models, are becoming increasingly influential as the world seeks to define climate goals and implement policy to meet them. In this context, a range of open-source codes has been developed to standardise and facilitate the systematic and robust analysis of mitigation pathways. We introduce a new open-source package, pathways-ensemble-analysis, which provides an object-oriented framework for the key steps in analysis, describing its structure and providing an illustrative example of its use. By following the suggested application steps of the tool, a user can conveniently perform a systematic and robust analysis of pathway ensembles. This tool is therefore a further step which can help the community in conducting best practices in pathway ensemble analysis.
State updating of the Xin'anjiang model: joint assimilating streamflow and multi-source soil moisture data via the asynchronous ensemble Kalman filter with enhanced error models
Authors: Gong Junfu , Liu Xingwen , Yao Cheng , Li Zhijia , Weerts Albrecht H. , Li Qiaoling , Bastola Satish , Huang Yingchun , Xu Junzeng
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Assimilating either soil moisture or streamflow individually has been well demonstrated to enhance the simulation performance of hydrological models. However, the runoff routing process may introduce a lag between soil moisture and outlet discharge, presenting challenges in simultaneously assimilating the two types of observations into a hydrological model. The asynchronous ensemble Kalman filter (AEnKF), an adaptation of the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), is capable of utilizing observations from both the assimilation moment and the preceding periods, thus holding potential to address this challenge. Our study first merges soil moisture data collected from field soil moisture monitoring sites with China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS) soil moisture data. We then employ the AEnKF, equipped with improved error models, to assimilate both the observed outlet discharge and the merged soil moisture data into the Xin'anjiang model. This process updates the state variables of the model, aiming to enhance real-time flood forecasting performance. Tests involving both synthetic and real-world cases demonstrates that assimilation of these two types of observations simultaneously substantially reduces the accumulation of past errors in the initial conditions at the start of the forecast, thereby aiding in elevating the accuracy of flood forecasting. Moreover, the AEnKF with the enhanced error model consistently yields greater forecasting accuracy across various lead times compared to the standard EnKF.
Spatial identification of regions exposed to multi-hazards at the pan-European level
Authors: Antofie Tiberiu-Eugen , Luoni Stefano , Tilloy Aloïs , Sibilia Andrea , Salari Sandro , Eklund Gustav , Rodomonti Davide , Bountzouklis Christos , Corbane Christina
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The European Commission Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre (DRMKC) has developed and hosts a web platform, the Risk Data Hub (RDH), designed to facilitate access to and sharing of curated, EU-wide risk data, tools, and methodologies, ultimately supporting disaster risk management (DRM) initiatives. Based on the RDH data, we propose a methodology for the identification of regions with multi-hazard exposure at the pan-European level (EU27+UK). This methodology aims to support disaster risk management (DRM) decision-making processes at both national and subnational levels in the EU. By employing a meta-analysis approach and aggregating the hotspots of exposure to single hazards, we provide an objective, statistically robust assessment of the European multi-hazard landscape at the finest spatial subdivision level, local administrative units (LAUs). Our results suggest that 21.4 % of European LAUs are exposed to multiple natural hazards, affecting around 87 million people (18.8 % of the European population). Furthermore, nearly half this population is exposed to more than three hazards. We find that beyond population density, the income level (i.e. high, medium, low) is the primary driver that influences risk status at the local level, within both rural and urban areas. On average, we find higher multi-hazard exposure for people living in high-income urban areas or low-income rural areas. We further validate our results by comparing them with empirical data on fatalities and disaster events, revealing a relatively high correlation between statistically significant multi-hazard hotspots and fatalities (r=0.59). By providing a detailed assessment of multi-hazard exposure at the pan-European scale, this study contributes to a better integration of multi-hazard risks in European disaster risk management plans.
Repolitizando lo religioso: La movilización neoconservadora de inspiración católica contra las políticas morales desde el marco de la postsecularidad
Authors: García Martín Joseba , Perugorría Ignacia
Published: January 2025

La controversia en torno a las llamadas ‘políticas morales’ ha adquirido creciente visibilidad en España durante las últimas décadas. Frente a estas políticas, legisladas en un contexto de progresiva secularización, ha surgido un campo de organizaciones civiles laicas, de inspiración católica e ideología neoconservadora (OLIC-N) que busca defender el marco normativo católico. Librando una doble batalla, cultural y política, estas organizaciones proporcionan nuevos ángulos para analizar la relación entre religión y política desde el marco de la postsecularidad. Las OLIC-N desprivatizan el catolicismo en la esfera pública mediante repertorios de protesta y marcos discursivos estratégicamente secularizados. Se alinean, así, con la estrategia vaticana de ‘nueva evangelización’, que aboga por una «recristianización velada» de las instituciones y la sociedad protagonizada por el laicado. Sus miembros pueden caracterizarse, consecuentemente, como ‘ciudadanos-creyentes’ y activistas. Basándonos en la literatura sobre postsecularización y movimientos sociales, y en un estudio cualitativo de 7 años, trazamos el ciclo de protesta y la estructura organizacional del campo OLIC-N a lo largo de 40 años. A continuación, comparamos dos eventos de protesta organizados por los bloques OLIC-N «moderado» y «radicalizado» durante la última fase del ciclo, caracterizada por una ascendente ‘polarización afectiva’ provocada por la «transversalización» de los postulados feministas, y la institucionalización de dinámicas de 'cultural backlash' desde la llegada de VOX a las instituciones. Nuestros datos muestran que la movilización del ‘laicado organizado’ no es siempre o necesariamente «aliada» de la pluralización de los sistemas democráticos, indicando la necesidad de repensar algunos de los postulados de la postsecularización.
Propuestas legislativas para una mejor regulación de la diversidad religiosa en España
Authors: Amérigo Cuervo-Arango Fernando
Published: January 2025

Los diferentes estudios sociológicos contemporáneos en materia de religiosidad en España nos muestran una sociedad plural y diversa, característica propia de las sociedades postseculares es, como es bien conocido, la pluralidad. El actual pluralismo religioso de la sociedad española, que nadie discute, está muy alejado de la homogeneidad católica mayoritaria de 1980. Año en el que se aprobó la Ley Orgánica de Libertad Religiosa, que es el instrumento esencial del desarrollo constitucional de la libertad religiosa y de gestión de la diversidad religiosa. La doctrina ha puesto de manifiesto la falta de acoplamiento de la Ley Orgánica a la nueva realidad social. De ahí que se haya reclamado la necesidad de establecer una nueva Ley Orgánica de Libertad de Conciencia. Esa posibilidad entró en la agenda política en la última legislatura del Gobierno del Presidente José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, sin que llegase a concretarse legislativamente. Posteriormente, la cuestión ha desaparecido de la agenda política de los sucesivos Gobiernos, por lo que sería necesario recuperar esa iniciativa para una mejor gestión de la diversidad religiosa. No obstante, reconociendo que lo mejor sería la elaboración de una nueva Ley Orgánica, cabría la posibilidad, sin derogar la actual Ley orgánica, de elaborar una ley de bases de gestión de la diversidad religiosa, además, el Gobierno podría, mediante la publicación de diferentes Reales Decretos, corregir la falta de acoplamiento a la realidad social introduciendo desarrollos del contenido del derecho fundamental de libertad religiosa. Dichos Reales Decretos permitirían la asunción en España del acomodo razonable como mejor técnica de gestión de nuestra diversidad religiosa.
Religiones para el público: diversidad religiosa y promoción patrimonial y turística en la España contemporánea
Authors: Carvajal Contreras Miguel Ángel , Castilla Vázquez Carmen
Published: January 2025

Aunque algunos autores clásicos de las Ciencias Sociales vaticinaban que el inevitable proceso de secularización conllevaría la pérdida de las prácticas religiosas y de la importancia del ritual en las sociedades contemporáneas a lo largo del siglo XX, dicho proceso no ha llegado finalmente a producirse en los términos en los que se pensaba que sucedería. Nos encontramos, por lo tanto, ante una etapa de postsecularización. Si el catolicismo ha marcado durante siglos la vida y la moral en la sociedad española y el siglo XX fue testigo de una promoción muy marcada del mismo durante el régimen franquista, una vez que a finales de los años sesenta la legislación comenzó a permitir la expresión pública de la diversidad religiosa, las múltiples confesiones se fueron haciendo más visibles hasta llegar a la situación actual, en la que su presencia puede verse tanto en el espacio público como en los medios de comunicación. En nuestro artículo pretendemos mostrar cómo esta visibilización, que atañe tanto al propio catolicismo como al resto de religiones presentes en la sociedad española, se lleva también a cabo a través de la difusión del patrimonio cultural vinculado a las mismas y a su promoción turística, que permite que el visitante entre en contacto con las diversas religiones a través de un mayor conocimiento de su legado y de sus lugares de culto.
La Regla de Osha y de Ifá en Canarias: un estudio de caso desde la perspectiva de la postsecularización
Authors: Pérez Amores Grecy
Published: January 2025

Trabajo que aborda, desde la perspectiva de la postsecularización, la realidad sociorreligiosa de Canarias, partiendo del estudio de la comunidad de practicantes de la Regla de Osha-Ifá. En esa línea, analiza cómo la visibilidad de los rituales y prácticas de esta religión en la esfera pública suponen un reto para el reconocimiento normativo de la pluralidad ¿Es la postsecularización un paradigma para una aproximación fructífera de las transformaciones sociorreligiosas que se dan en el contexto del archipiélago? En este sentido, se busca reflexionar sobre el papel de las prácticas religiosas ligadas a la sanación y la medicina popular como un ámbito de conflicto entre la población local y estas comunidades. Conflicto del que se hacen eco los Medios de Comunicación tradicionales y las Redes Sociales digitales. Un universo que implica el uso de los recursos locales y se inserta en los debates sobre las relaciones ecológicas, interespecies y la espiritualidad. Se busca estudiar este proceso en constante movimiento, donde modernidad y religiosidad conviven y se nutren. Para ello, tanto la perspectiva procesual, donde la performatividad se convierte en el foco del análisis, como el planteamiento de la postsecularización y su necesidad de un diálogo entre lo teórico y lo empírico, permitirían avanzar en investigaciones capaces de un reconocimiento de otras formas contemporáneas de vivir y pesar lo sagrado y lo espiritual.
Iglesia católica en España, siglo XXI: ciclos, dimensiones y estructuras
Authors: Vidal Fernández Fernando
Published: January 2025

Este estudio sintetiza el estado en que se encuentra el catolicismo en la España de la segunda década del siglo XXI, en una perspectiva evolutiva. Para ello damos cuenta del ciclo en que se encuentra su dinámica y modelo de Iglesia, así como las dimensiones y su estructura. En resumen, la Iglesia católica española está iniciando un cambio cultural profundo en un nuevo ciclo impulsado desde Roma que procura una nueva relación sinodal en el interior de la Iglesia, y el fomento de la cultura del encuentro en la relación con las instituciones modernas. En cuanto a las dimensiones, la comunidad católica está formada en 2024 por el 55% de los españoles (en 55 años, desde 1970, ha perdido 40 puntos porcentuales). El 15% de los españoles son católicos practicantes y el 28% de españoles son católicos que nunca o casi nunca participa en eucaristías. En total, 26,28 millones de personas en España. Respecto a la estructura, encontramos una tendencia al fortalecimiento de casi todas sus instituciones parroquiales, sociales, educativas y culturales, con tal cantidad de centros y actividad, que constituye una singularidad en la sociedad civil por su tamaño, capilaridad e incidencia. El futuro de las religiones es incierto pues depende en gran parte de cómo desarrollan el carisma, pero, pese a la reducción de sus miembros, sigue siendo no solamente la mayor realidad de la sociedad civil española, sino que previsiblemente lo seguirá siendo a lo largo de todo el siglo XXI.
Impact of Perceived Therapeutic Effect on Mental Health Problems
Authors: Salman Fatima , Fatima Sukaina , Fizza Ghulam , Shafique Areeba
Published: January 2025

Research has shown that psychotherapy positively impacts mental health recovery without the side effects associated like medications. However, there are limited studies on the perception of therapeutic effects in Pakistan. This study aims to address this gap by examining the perceived therapeutic impact on mental health problems operationalized as depression and anxiety. A cross-sectional correlational research design was used, with purposive sampling to select 380 participants who were at least 18 years old, had intermediate education, and were diagnosed with comorbid anxiety and depression. The findings indicate that the perceived therapeutic effect has a negative association, though not significant, with both depression and anxiety. Additionally, anxiety and depression were found to be significantly and positively related. Linear regression analysis shows a non-significant negative impact of the perceived therapeutic effect on both dependent variables; depression and anxiety. Gender differences were observed, with men scoring higher than women on the therapeutic effect, though this difference was not significant. Women scored significantly higher than men on the depression variable and also scored higher, though not significantly, on the anxiety variable. The study concludes by discussing the limitations, recommendations, and the importance of understanding the therapeutic effect in improving mental health and enhancing the well-being of patients.
Exploring the antidiabetic potential of Sulawesi ethnomedicines: A study of Cordia myxa and Syzygium malaccense in a Drosophila model of hyperglycemia
Authors: Nainu Firzan , Bahar Muhammad A. , Habibie Habibie , Najib Ahmad , Zubair Muhammad S. , Arba Muhammad , Asbah Asbah , Mudjahid Mukarram , Latada Nadila P. , Filmaharani Filmaharani , Putri Annisa A.
Published: January 2025

The escalating prevalence of diabetes represents a critical challenge to global health and quality of life. Indonesia, particularly the Sulawesi region, is home to a diverse array of endemic plants with potential as sources of novel antidiabetic compounds. However, traditional preclinical models for evaluating these candidates are limited by high costs and lengthy timelines. The aim of this study was to explore the antidiabetic potential of Cordia myxa and Syzygium malaccense extracts using Drosophila melanogaster as a novel, cost-effective and efficient in vivo model. Hyperglycemia was induced in D. melanogaster larvae through a high-sugar diet, and the plant extracts were incorporated into the larval diets at concentrations ranging from 0.3125% to 2.5%. Phenotypic parameters, including body size, body weight, crawling activity, and hemolymph glucose levels, were evaluated, and the expression of metabolism-related genes (dilp2, dilp5, and srl) was analyzed using RT-qPCR. This study found that C. myxa and S. malaccense extracts improved crawling activity and body size in hyperglycemic larvae. Notably, C. myxa extract significantly reduced hemolymph glucose levels (p<0.01), increased body weight (p<0.01), and upregulated the expression of metabolic genes such as dilp2 (p<0.001), dilp5 (p<0.001), and srl (p<0.0001). In contrast, S. malaccense extract showed less pronounced effects, highlighting the efficacy of C. myxa extract in alleviating hyperglycemia and restoring metabolic homeostasis. The study highlights that C. myxa extract demonstrated promising antidiabetic properties in the Drosophila model, underscoring the utility of this model for early-stage antidiabetic drug screening and supporting further preclinical investigation into the therapeutic potential of C. myxa for managing hyperglycemia.
Association of MPV, NLR, PLR and CRP on testicular salvage in testicular torsion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brodjonegoro Sakti R. , Rizal Dicky M. , Arfian Nur , Luzman Raedi A. , Pikatan Narpati W. , Robert Robert , Febriyanto Toni , Liliana Belinda , Yogahutama Noka , Dwiaji Iqbal W.
Published: January 2025

Testicular torsion, a critical urological emergency caused by twisting of the spermatic cord, poses a risk of ischemia, particularly in children who often struggle to pinpoint symptoms onset. Delay in managing testicular torsion can lead to the need for orchiectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the association between hematologic parameters—mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP)—and testicular salvage in cases of testicular torsion. Four databases (PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Science Direct, and Scopus) were systematically searched for eligible studies published up to November 4, 2024. The primary outcome was testicular salvage. Sensitivity analysis was performed using leave-one-out plot. Subgroup analysis was performed based on age, country, region, duration to orchiopexy and duration to orchiectomy. Heterogeneity was examined using I² statistics, and a random-effect model was applied. Out of 363 studies identified, nine observational studies involving 796 patients were included, with 338 (42.3%) in orchiopexy group. The meta-analysis indicated that MPV value was significantly elevated in orchiectomy group (mean difference (MD): -0.4; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.62–(-0.18); p<0.01), with higher MPV levels associated with an increased likelihood of orchiectomy (odds ratio (OR): 2.12; 95%CI: 1.35–3.33; p<0.01). NLR, PLR, and CRP showed no significant association with testicular salvage, as demonstrated by pooled MD and OR analyses (p>0.05). No significant differences were observed after sensitivity and subgroup analysis (p>0.05). These findings suggest that elevated MPV levels are associated with non-salvageable testis, requiring orchiectomy highlighting its potential utility in clinical evaluation for testicular torsion.
Development of Digital Scrapbook Media Based on Problem-Based Learning in an Effort to Increase Learning Motivation and Science Literacy of Elementary School Students
Authors: Wahyu Setyorini Hening Dyah , Nuswowati Murbangun , Tri Prasety Agung
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of digital media, specifically digital scrapbooks, based on problem-based learning. The research design used is Research & Development (R&D) research with a 4D development model. The stages carried out are the definition stage (Define), the planning stage (Design), the development stage (Develop), and the dissemination stage (Disseminate). questionnaire, Feasibility Assessment Sheet, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are feasibility analysis, analysis of scientific literacy questions, analysis of learning motivation, and analysis of student responses. The research results show that the average score for the feasibility assessment is 74.7 in the very good category. Digital scrapbook media is also effective in increasing students' learning motivation with an average score of 42.9. Apart from that, a significant value was obtained for the control class and experimental class after using digital scrapbook media in increasing students' science literacy, namely 0.000 < 0.05. This shows that there are differences in students' scientific literacy abilities before and after implementing learning using digital scrapbook media based on problem-based learning, so it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the application of digital scrapbook media based on problem-based learning on students' scientific literacy abilities.

Keywords: Scrapbook Digital Media, Problem-Based Learning, Learning Motivation, Scientific Literacy
The Correlation Between Geriatric Depression Scale and Mini Nutritional Assessment in Geriatric Patients
Authors: Reza Maulana Tengku , Dalimunthe Anita Rosari , Lubis Wika Hanida
Published: January 2025

Background: Geriatric patients often face a combination of physical, psychological, and social challenges, with depression and malnutrition being significant health concerns. This study aims to investigate the correlation between depression, as measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and nutritional status, assessed through the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in elderly patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients from the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic and Inpatient Department at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. The GDS and MNA were used to assess depression and nutritional status, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with correlation tests to explore the relationships between depression and malnutrition.
Results: A total of 55 subjects were included in this study. Based on depression assessment, 12 subjects (21.81%) were found to have suggestive symptoms of depression, while 43 (78.19%) had no depression. Regarding nutritional status, 14 subjects (25.45%) had normal nutrition, 9 (16.36%) had malnutrition, and 32 (58.19%) were at risk of malnutrition. No significant associations were found between depression and variables such as age, gender, BMI, or comorbidities, nor with malnutrition. However, a significant correlation was observed between depression and malnutrition (p = 0.001), with depressed individuals more likely to be malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that depression and malnutrition among geriatric patients are closely correlated. Early screening for both conditions using the GDS and MNA can assist in providing comprehensive care for geriatric patients. Further studies are needed to explore additional factors influencing these conditions in the elderly.

Keywords: depression, geriatric depression scale, malnutrition, mini nutritional assessment, geriatric
EVALUATION OF THE OCCLUSION WITH TWO DIFFERENT METHODS: A T-SCAN II OCCLUSAL ANALYSIS AND THE TEETHAN SYNCHROMYOGRAPHY RECORDING SYSTEM
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria., Bogdanov Vladimir , Chakalov Ivan ,   Private practice – Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: January 2025

The article presents a case of a sixty-seven-year-old female patient who complains of an uncomfortable bite after full-mouth rehabilitation three months ago. Before inserting the crowns, the patient did not have any complaints. The complaints included: chewing only unilaterally (on the right side), and premature contact in the left canine area. Also the patient suffered masticatory muscles soreness in the afternoons and uncomfortable bite that started after the rehabilitation with zirconium crowns.
Evaluation of the occlusal contacts is necessary after any dental intervention which affects occlusion. In this case report, two methods for evaluation of the occlusion are compared – one with a T-scan analysis, using a sensor between the teeth, and the second by evaluating the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles (via surface electromyography (sEMG). The occlusion was estimated by both methods during voluntary clenching, and the results from both methods were compared. Articulating paper was used for visualization of the contacts as an additional method.
Conclusion: The results of the two methods (T-scan analysis and through sEMG) were very similar. In this clinical case, the application of both the T-Scan II occlusal analysis and the Teethan sEMG system demonstrated their effectiveness in evaluating and improving occlusal balance and muscle activity following extensive dental rehabilitation. The complementary nature of these diagnostic methods was highlighted, with each providing distinct and valuable insights—T-Scan focusing on the occlusal force and timing, while Teethan emphasized neuromuscular balance. The occlusal adjustments informed by these technologies significantly alleviated the patient's discomfort, confirming their utility in clinical practice for diagnosing and addressing occlusal discrepancies. This case reinforces the importance of integrating advanced diagnostic tools to ensure optimal patient outcomes in prosthetic and restorative dentistry.
Detecting Cloud Misconfigurations with RAG and Intelligent Agents: A Natural Language Understanding Approach
Authors: Mahesh Kumar Goyal
Published: January 2025

Misconfigurations of cloud services stay a critical security factor that is regularly followed by downtimes, breaches, and financial losses. In the case of detection, it becomes apparent that the traditional methods like manual auditing and preprogrammed rule-based systems are not easy to scale, and are not very adaptive in their nature, while on the other hand, the more advanced methods like machine learning models have drawbacks of their own including those of data requirements and of generalizing the model. In this study, we discuss the use of large language models, Google’s Gemini in particular, for the zero-shot cloud misconfigurations detection. Based on the natural language understanding of LLMs, the study shows how such systems can be used to discover subtleties in cloud dynamics and new security threats. The proposed framework called SARGE takes a set of cloud configuration files, analyses them for misconfigurations, and generates recommendations that do not need to be particular to specific tasks. The implementation includes cloud platforms, using Terraform for testing purposes, Docker for scalability purposes. Experiments demonstrate that proposed LLMs achieve higher accuracy than traditional approaches in identifying new misconfigurations while operating at scale and being easy to interpret. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this research fills gaps in the existing literature and provides a novel solution for cloud security that alleviates challenges of previous solutions. It also creates the basis for further studies concerning LLMs incorporation into cloud-native security solutions for enhancing efficient threat detection and mitigation.
Hidden Regularity in Singular Optimal Control of port-Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Faulwasser Timm , Kirchhoff Jonas , Mehrmann Volker , Philipp Friedrich , Schaller Manuel , Worthmann Karl
Published: January 2025

We study the problem of state transition on a finite time interval with minimal energy supply for linear port-Hamiltonian systems. While the cost functional of minimal energy supply is intrinsic to the port-Hamiltonian structure, the necessary conditions of optimality resulting from Pontryagin's maximum principle may yield singular arcs. The underlying reason is the linear dependence on the control, which makes the problem of determining the optimal control as a function of the state and the adjoint more complicated or even impossible. To resolve this issue, we fully characterize regularity of the (differential-algebraic) optimality system by using the interplay of the cost functional and the dynamics. In case of the optimality DAE being characterized by a regular matrix pencil, we fully determine the control on the singular arc. In case of singular matrix pencils of the optimality system, we propose an approach to compute rank-minimal quadratic perturbations of the objective such that the optimal control problem becomes regular. We illustrate the applicability of our results by a general second-order mechanical system and a discretized boundary-controlled heat equation.
Particle Vertical Mixing and Horizontal Conveyance Within an Ambient Temperature Fluidized Bed
Authors: Khalaf Jawad , Smith Braden , Harper Haden , Schroeder Nathan
Published: January 2025

Previous studies have shown the advantages of particle-to-sCO2 fluidized bed (FB) heat exchangers, which include high heat transfer coefficients, low material cost, and the ability to horizontally convey solid particles. This paper outlines the design and testing of a compact cold flow FB test apparatus to characterize horizontal conveyance through convolutions within a 100 kWth FB heat exchanger design. Horizontal conveyance is an advantage in FBs because it enables more compact designs for heat exchangers. Two mass flow rates, 0.5 & 1 kg/s, at the inlet & outlet of the FB. To determine consistency of the flow rates, Student’s t-tests were used to assess whether the inlet & outlet values were statistically similar. The mass flow rate exiting the bed was statistically similar to the flow rate entering the bed for both cases, but each case featured a wider range and standard deviation. The range and standard deviation of the 1 kg/s flow rate was 0.69-1.23 kg/s and 0.12 kg/s respectively, and the 0.5 kg/s test featured a range and standard deviation of 0.37-0.73 kg/s and 0.09 kg/s, respectively. These measurements provide confidence that large-scale designs can successfully horizontally convey particles at ````~1.5x minimum fluidization velocity (U­mf) without significant variation in flow rate. A method to characterize the degree of particle vertical mixing and bubble frequency within the FB is also introduced. By using a high-resolution camera together with particle velocimetry, particle motion in the X and Y directions can be estimated to assess bed mixing and bubble frequency.
European Gas Market Structure
Authors: Hudak Milan
Published: January 2025

Focusing on the evolving roles of stakeholders and price-setting mechanisms, this paper sheds light on how the European Union gas market has shifted from dominant oil-linked contracts to a more diversified, market-driven system. Producers, TSOs, DSOs, shippers, traders, and consumers all contribute to a complex network in which efficient balancing is crucial to maintaining continuous gas flows. The maturing of gas hubs, particularly TTF and THE, has fostered spot and short-term trading, thereby offering enhanced liquidity and flexibility and introducing new forms of price volatility. EU-level policies, including unbundling requirements and harmonised network codes, have underpinned these developments, shaping transparent risk management strategies, derivatives trading, and storage usage. Although increased competition has yielded benefits in pricing and reliability, persistent regional discrepancies, such as varying infrastructure investment levels and differences in balancing practices, continue to influence