bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syntactic Harmony: Introducing Shared-private Framework for Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition
Authors: Ruixia Yang , Yanbin Feng , Zheng Hua
Published: April 2024

Implicit discourse relation recognition (IDRR) still faces challenges in achieving high accuracy compared to explicit discourse relation recognition. Many existing approaches attempt to combine explicit and implicit data. However, language differences and variations in category distribution make it challenging to use multitask learning to directly optimize IDRR task. This paper considers explicit data as out-of-domain data and implicit data as in-domain data, proposed a shared-private-based framework with dynamic dependency matching (SPDDM) for IDRR task. This framework explores the deep-level syntactic correlation between explicit and implicit data by encoding dependency grammar information through cross-attention mechanism and confuse it to shared-private framework through dynamic matching . Extensive experiments on the popular PDTB datasets show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance, and a detailed analysis highlights the efficiency of our proposed framework.
Searching in ultra high dimensional sparse model spaces: New performance tests and boosting Gibbs sampling algorithms
Authors: García-Donato Gonzalo , Castellanos María E.
Published: April 2024

In the context of variable selection in sparse settings, we present a novel class of experiments. These are based on the notion of contaminating real data sets with artificial spurious covariates in such a way that exact solutions can be easily computed. Such exact responses provide a direct and compelling way to evaluate the performance of search methods on model spaces of arbitrary cardinality. We apply this tool to Gaussian regression models, an important statistical problem that has benefited from the emergence of many new search methods in recent years. We also contribute to this catalog by revisiting classical Gibbs sampling algorithms proposing new implementations that take advantage of sparsity. Despite their simplicity, the resulting methods are very competitive and fully automatic. We use a real genetic dataset to illustrate and motivate the various procedures presented in this research.
Exploring the Influence of Human Activities and the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Air Quality in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Kumar Porush
Published: April 2024

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationships between human activities, air quality dynamics, and the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown in seven major cities in Rajasthan, India—Ajmer, Alwar, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota, Pali, and Udaipur. This study meticulously examined the fluctuations in the concentrations of key pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2) from 2018 to 2022, covering the prelockdown, lockdown, and postlockdown phases.
Significant reductions in air pollutant concentrations were observed during the lockdown period, attributed to decreased anthropogenic activities, notably vehicular emissions and industrial operations. However, postlockdown, a rebound effect was observed, indicating challenges in sustaining air quality improvements amid economic resurgence. Notable findings include substantial declines in PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 levels during the lockdown, followed by increases to varying degrees postlockdown. The cities of Ajmer, Alwar, and Jaipur demonstrated divergent trends in pollutant concentrations, emphasizing the complex interplay between environmental factors and human behavior.
This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on air quality management by providing insights into the impacts of temporary interventions, such as lockdowns, on urban air quality dynamics. The findings underscore the need for holistic approaches integrating environmental policies, industrial regulations, and public health initiatives to mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution and safeguard public health and environmental well-being in urban regions.
Assessing the Value of Integrated Evidence Approaches in Drug Development
Authors: DiMasi Joseph A. , Olson Melvon , Smith Zachary , Getz Kenneth A. , Capkun Goran
Published: April 2024

Background
The use of Integrated Evidence Packages (IEPs) by the pharmaceutical industry has expanded in recent years with the aim of optimizing healthcare and patient outcomes. The evidence base of IEPs goes beyond traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to provide holistic evidence suitable for all stakeholders. However, this approach to drug development is not systematically adopted by all sponsors because of perceived uncertainty in its investment value.
Methods
We introduce the concept of value drivers to which we apply an expected net present value (eNPV) model of the cash flows for drug development and commercialization. The approach is outlined for two, typical, hypothetical lifecycle management IEPs. The measure of IEP value is defined as the increment in eNPV that occurs when IE programs are employed in comparison to when they are not.
Results
We found substantial value for IEPs. One example incorporated a plan to conduct an observational study that could be used as a basis for approval in lieu of a classical phase II trial for a supplemental indication. In the other example, increased adoption of the new treatment leads to a highly positive increment in eNPV based on the critical evidence generated in a phase IIIb study.
Conclusions
Use of value drivers and eNPV-based value models when planning for IEPs can provide objective guidance for project teams. The value can be estimated through formal economic analysis that considers planned timelines, R&D costs, estimates of the likelihood of regulatory approval, patient access and clinical adoption if development is successful.
Cause; Practice and Belief status of females (15-49 years old) on Female Genital Mutilation in Tigray, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Asgedom Genet Tekle , Ghebremedhin Kiros Demoz , Gebreegziabher Ataklti Gebreyesus
Published: April 2024

Aim: There is evidence on the cause, practice and poor status of female genital tract mitigation in Tigray, Ethiopia.
The aim of this study was to assess the cause, practice and believing status of females regarding genital mitigation in Tigray, Ethiopia.
Methods: A quantitative, community-base, cross-sectional study was conducted among reproductive aged girls and women in eastern Tigray, Ethiopia. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the study area (Atsbi District) from the Tigray Region 93 districts. A simple random sampling technique used to select four local administrations and 201 study participants. The data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires, and the data were entered into SPSS Version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study subjects. The frequency, percentage, and graph ware used.
Result: In this study, 78 (38.8%) of the study participants had ever been circumcised, 36 (29%) had genital mutilation practiced at under 5 years of age, and 55 (44.8%) had female genital mutilation performed by traditional methods, 168(83.6%) had FGMP performed using razor blades and 102 (50.7%) had sociological and cultural causes.
Conclusion: Females’ and parents’ health education; should be strengthened, IEC/BCCmaterials should be expanded in different areas, religious leaders’ involvement in awareness creation regarding FGMPs should be strengthened, and further study should be performed.
Dental İmplant Uygulamalarında Posterior Mandibulada Lingual Konkavite Varlığının İncelenmesi:Retrospektif Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Çalışması
Authors: Çolak Resül , Önder Burak Arda
Published: April 2024

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı posterior mandibulada dişsiz sahaların lingual konkavite varlığının yaygınlığının ve kret tepesine göre pozisyonunun değerlendirilmesidir. Ayrıca mevcut konkavitenin kret tepesi ile olan mesafesinin belirlenmesinin olası implant uygulamalarında oluşabilecek komplikasyonlarının önlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi arşivindeki dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun olan 78’i erkek 72’si kadın olmak üzere 150 hastanın 747 kesitsel KIBT görüntüsü incelendi. Premolar ve molar bölgedeki konkavite varlığı değerlendirildi. Konkavite görülen bölgeler ise konkavitenin daha detaylı özellikleri ve kret tipleri (P, C ve U) incelenerek birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Lingual konkavite ve U tipi kret görülme sıklığı en çok 2.molar bölgede (% 49.5) gözlemlenmektedir. Konkavite varlığı premolar dişlerde molar dişlere göre daha az görülürken, konkavitenin bulunduğu durumlarda premolar dişlerde gözlemlenen konkavite derinliği molar dişlerden daha fazladır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları implant uygulaması yapılacak bölgenin operasyon öncesinde KIBT ile değerlendirilmesinin önemini tekrar ortaya koymuştur. Alt çenede implantasyon sırasında veya sonrasında oluşabilecek perforasyon riski operasyon öncesi KIBT üzerinden yapılan 3 boyutlu planlamalar ile daha düşük seviyelere çekilmektedir. Cerrahi öncesi KIBT kullanımı lingual perforasyon dışında sinir hasarı vb. implant cerrahisi öncesi ve sonrasında oluşabilecek çoğu komplikasyonun önlenmesi için de önemli bir uygulamadır.
EXPLORING THE EFFICACY OF CNSL-BASED BOTANICAL PESTICIDES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PESTS OF BHINDI (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS)
Authors:   Dept. of Agriculture Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala, India., Sulthana Azimove , Faizal M.H. ,   Professor, Dept. of Agriculture Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala, India.
Published: April 2024

The consistent use of chemical pesticides over the years has led to various issues. To mitigate these problems, botanical insecticides have been used as a better alternative. One such botanical insecticide is cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL 20% EC), which contains a mixture of phenolic compounds. Under laboratory conditions, this insecticide was assessed against Sylepta derogata larvae in different concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1, along with a chemical control. At 5, 7, and 10 DAT, CNSL 1% was found to be the most effective treatment, with 90% mortality recorded. A probit analysis was conducted to determine the effective dose, which was found to be 1%. The CNSL 20% EC was modified to produce two combination products, EC1 and EC2, by substituting half of the active ingredient with neem oil and pongam oil respectively, without changing other ingredients and their proportion. The developed formulations were evaluated for product stability and emulsion properties. A pot culture experiment was conducted on bhindi crops once during the vegetative and reproductive phases. At 7 DAT, EC1 @ 1% and CNSL 20% EC @ 1% caused over 95% reduction of sucking pests such as Amrasca biguttula biguttula and Aphis gossypi compared to the control. However, CNSL 20% EC produced only a 76.48% reduction of the chewing pest S. derogata, whereas treatments with EC1 and EC2 showed over 80% reduction. Sucking pests were effectively reduced (by more than 90%) by the application of EC2 as well. It was concluded that the combination products EC1 and EC2 were more effective in controlling pests than CNSL alone.
EXPLORING THE LANDSCAPE OF HUMAN GENE THERAPY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG MEDICAL FACULTIES IN MAHARASHTRA
Authors:   Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Aurangabad., Vaishnav Deepali , Holkar Shrirang ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Aurangabad., Hivre Manjusha ,   Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Aurangabad.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Human gene therapy holds immense potential for treating various genetic disorders and diseases by introducing therapeutic genes into patients cells. However, its successful implementation relies not only on technological advancements but also on the understanding, attitude, and awareness among medical professionals. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and awareness of human gene therapy among medical faculties of a college in Maharashtra. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical faculties of a college in Maharashtra. A structured questionnaire was developed, consisting of sections on demographics, knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding human gene therapy. The questionnaire was distributed among the faculties, and data were collected anonymously. Results: Out of the total respondents (N=150), the majority were between the ages of 30-55 years (65.3%) and had teaching experience ranging from 1 to 10 years (76.7%). Regarding knowledge, only 82% of the faculties had adequate knowledge of human gene therapy, while 15.3% had moderate knowledge, and 2.7% had poor knowledge. The attitude towards gene therapy was generally positive, with 98% of respondents agreeing that gene therapy holds promise for treating genetic diseases. However, concerns were raised regarding ethical issues (62.7%) and safety concerns (55.3%). In terms of awareness, 79.3% of faculties reported receiving minimal or no information about gene therapy during their medical education. Discussion: The findings reveal excellent to fair knowledge of human gene therapy among medical faculties in Maharashtra. Despite the positive attitude and awareness towards its potential benefits, concerns regarding ethics and safety underscore the need for comprehensive education and training in this field. Integrating gene therapy-related topics into medical curricula and providing continuous professional development opportunities can help bridge this gap. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study highlights excellent knowledge about gene therapy but , there is a need for enhancing knowledge and awareness of human gene therapy among medical education in Maharashtra. Addressing this gap is crucial for preparing future healthcare professionals to effectively utilize and contribute to advancements in gene therapy research and practice. Collaborative efforts involving educational institutions, professional organizations, and policymakers are essential to ensure comprehensive training and education in this rapidly evolving field.
Green banking disclosure from the perspective of corporate governance, financial slack and human resource slack in Indonesia
Authors: Ahmar Nurmala , Al Rahmah Laila , Prastowo Darminto Dwi
Published: April 2024

Green banking is a long-term business strategy with the main target of achieving sustainable benefits and preserving the environment. Determining the ability of corporate governance to influence green banking disclosure in banking companies in Indonesia was the aim of the study. Annual reports and sustainability reports of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange are used as secondary data. 84 data were used after selection using the purposive sampling method. The technique used to analyze the research data is SmartPLS. The findings show that good corporate governance can improve green banking disclosure. Financial slack and human resource slack, as moderating variables, can moderate the influence of corporate governance on green banking disclosure. The results also indicate that green banking disclosure has the potential to encourage positive changes in sustainable banking practices and information transparency. In the end, good corporate governance can stimulate bank management to care more about environmental issues. Financial and human resource slack in banking strengthens the relationship between the two and increases a company’s role in maintaining environmental and social sustainability.
Greener Epoxidation Reaction of Macaw Palm Oil Using Metal Oxides and Niobium Phosphate as Catalysts
Authors: Alarcon Rafael , Bannach Gilbert , Cavalheiro Éder Tadeu
Published: April 2024

The present work focused on the screening process of different inorganic oxides and different temperatures for the epoxidation reaction of macaw palm vegetable oil without using solvent, a promising Brazilian biomass that can substitute other vegetable oils (e.g., soybean oil) in technological applications. This oil has an iodine value of 108.48 g of I2 per 100 g being categorized as a semi-dry oil. The epoxidized vegetable oil can be applied in manifold areas in polymer science. The epoxidation reaction here presented avoided organic solvents and organic acids and aimed to produce a greener route using metal oxides or niobium phosphate as a peroxide-activating catalyst. The experimental parameters were maintained as 10 mol% of catalyst loading and a time of 24 h; however, the temperature for some catalysts was changed to improve the epoxide conversion. Experiments were measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR). Experiments using titanium oxide (TiO2) as a catalyst reached a conversion greater than 84.7%, while experiments using aluminium oxide (Al2O3) or lanthanum oxide (La2O3) achieved conversions of 22.6 and 30.1%, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that both niobium compounds instantly react with hydrogen peroxide to form peroxy derivatives.
Assessment of public space potential for climate change adaptation in three Colombian cities: nature-based solutions and urban design guidelines
Authors: Marino Raul , Kuller M. , Zurita B. , Carrasco L. , Gosciniak P. , Kustosik K. , Riveros A.
Published: April 2024

Cities need to interact more harmoniously with their environment, especially with regard to the urban water cycle. Currently, public space design standards in Colombia do not include rainwater management for reuse in buildings and irrigation of green spaces, wasting treated water on activities that do not require it. The environmental design of public spaces can also help reduce urban temperatures, especially in dense urban areas. Adapting cities and public spaces to climate change is crucial, especially in geographic contexts such as Colombia, where the El Niño and La Niña climate oscillations will further increase precipitations or droughts in regions of Colombia, making urban and rural populations more vulnerable to flooding, landslides and sea level rise. This study aims to assess the public space potential for the adoption of nature-based solutions (NBSs) in three Colombian cities with different hydrological conditions, climates and urban morphologies: Bogotá, Bucaramanga and Cartagena. The potential for NBSs in urban context was assessed with land suitability analysis and MCDA tools. The results showed that adoption of NBS in public spaces and urban design guidelines can be a valuable strategy to prepare our cities for climate change and provide a better support for urban ecosystem services in Colombia.
Green bean seed coagulant for turbidity removal: parameter optimization and modelling
Authors: Owodunni Amina Adedoja , Ismail Suzylawati , Seng Ooi Boon
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of a natural coagulant derived from green bean (GB) seeds for treating synthetic turbid water. The properties of GB and green bean coagulant (GB-Co) were analysed using FTIR, SEM, and EDX. The study focuses on the interaction between extraction parameters, such as mixing time (MT), mix concentration (MC), and solvent concentration (SC), on turbidity removal and protein concentration. The optimal parameters were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability functions. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed good agreement between experimental data and the proposed model. The quadratic model showed that factors SC and MC significantly influence both responses. The optimum extraction conditions were MT, SC, and MC at 48 min, 1.38 M, and 10 g/L, respectively. The coagulant achieved a turbidity removal of 95.57% and a protein concentration of 1092.11 mg/L. The results suggest that GB-based coagulants can effectively remove turbidity from wastewater.
Comparative analysis of hydrodynamic flowrate sources as drivers of water quality models for nitrogenous compounds in complex ungauged South African rivers
Authors: Mahlathi Christopher Dumisani , Brink Isobel , Wilms Josefine M.
Published: April 2024

Water quality modelling is a critical tool for managing the health of river ecosystems, particularly in regions impacted by point source pollution activities. This study investigates the influence of different hydrodynamic data sources on the performance of two river water quality models, the Basic Model (BM) and the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Programme (WASP) for modelling nitrogenous compounds in a complex river system including wastewater treatment plant effluent discharges. Four diverse hydrodynamic data input types were considered. These included measured station data, altered station data, rainfall-generated flow, and the WRSM/Pitman model estimate. Findings revealed trends, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t-test analyses consistently demonstrated significant disparities between model predictions and measured data in specific river segments, indicating a need for segment-specific modelling approaches. An increase in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Square Error (MSE) values in certain segments pointed to a decline in model accuracy when confronted with distinct hydrodynamic conditions. Additionally, application of four diverse hydrodynamic data input sources yielded similar performance for BM and WASP against measured data. The research findings indicated a complex interplay between river hydrodynamics and water quality modelling, resulting in a recommendation for tailored modelling strategies that account for unique characteristics of river segments.
Isolation and characterization of pure cultures for metabolizing 1,4-dioxane in oligotrophic environments
Authors: Tesfamariam Ermias Gebrekrstos , Ssekimpi Dennis , Hoque Sarajeen Saima , Chen Huan , Howe Joshua D. , Zhou Chao , Shen Yue-xiao , Tang Youneng
Published: April 2024

1,4-Dioxane concentration in most contaminated water is much less than 1 mg/L, which cannot sustain the growth of most reported 1,4-dioxane-metabolizing pure cultures. These pure cultures were isolated following enrichment of mixed cultures at high concentrations (20 to 1,000 mg/L). This study is based on a different strategy: 1,4-dioxane-metabolizing mixed cultures were enriched by periodically spiking 1,4-dioxane at low concentrations (≤1 mg/L). Five 1,4-dioxane-metabolizing pure strains LCD6B, LCD6D, WC10G, WCD6H, and WD4H were isolated and characterized. The partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the five bacterial strains were related to Dokdonella sp. (98.3%), Acinetobacter sp. (99.0%), Afipia sp. (99.2%), Nitrobacter sp. (97.9%), and Pseudonocardia sp. (99.4%), respectively. Nitrobacter sp. WCD6H is the first reported 1,4-dioxane-metabolizing bacterium in the genus of Nitrobacter. The net specific growth rates of these five cultures are consistently higher than those reported in the literature at 1,4-dioxane concentrations <0.5 mg/L. Compared to the literature, our newly discovered strains have lower half-maximum-rate concentrations (1.8 to 8.2 mg-dioxane/L), lower maximum specific 1,4-dioxane utilization rates (0.24 to 0.47 mg-dioxane/(mg-protein ⋅ d)), higher biomass yields (0.29 to 0.38 mg-protein/mg-dioxane), and lower decay coefficients (0.01 to 0.02 d−1). These are characteristics of microorganisms living in oligotrophic environments.
Assessment of Knowledge of General and Local Anesthesia among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Vahabi Sepideh , Beiranvand Siavash , Kiabi Farshad Hassanzadeh , Goudarzi Zahra
Published: April 2024

Objective

Adequate knowledge of anesthesia and anesthesiologists can reduce patient anxiety. However, patients in developing countries are known to have relatively lesser knowledge and awareness regarding anesthesia. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of patients referred for elective surgery regarding regional and general anesthesia and related factors.

Methods

In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 370 subjects were evaluated by a simple non-random sampling method. The researcher constructed a questionnaire study tool to assess demographic variables, backgrounds, and patients' level of awareness. After the collection, data were entered into the SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using chi-square, variance analysis and independent t-test.

Results

The mean age of our patients was 43.09±17.79 years and the mean score of knowledge regarding general and local anesthesia was 3.62±1.35 and 2.65±1.53, respectively. In this study, patients' awareness about general and local anesthesia had a significant association with female gender, age group 30-40 years, postgraduate education, government job previous local anesthesia, trust in the physician, having a history of surgery and willingness to visit the anesthesiologist before the surgery. In addition, patients who had eyes, nose and throat surgeries, and their source of information was limited, had greater scores, p<0.005. Individuals were more aware of common side effects of local anesthesia than those of general anesthesia. However, over half of the patients preferred general anesthesia due to fear of live experience and sound during surgery.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the study, the awareness of patients about general anesthesia was greater than regional anesthesia. Overall, increasing awareness by strengthening the level of confidence and trust in anesthesiologists can lead to better postoperative outcomes and reduce patients’ anxiety levels.
Penumbuhan Kesadaran Membuang Sampah Pada Tempatnya Di Madrasah Ibtidaniyah Wahid Hasyim Nologaten Yogyakarta (The Participation Of Student’s In Order To Increase Awareness Of Disposing Of Garbage In Place At Madrasah Ibtidaniyah Wahid Hasyim Nologaten)
Authors: Saraswati Saraswati , Saputra Soleh , Maulidya Ana , Handziko Rio Christy
Published: April 2024

AbstrakSampah menjadi permasalahan lingkungan saat ini. Jumlahnya yang sangat banyak, terutama sampah anorganik yang tidak dapat diuraikan khususnya botol plastik bekas ditambah dengan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan cara mengelola sampah yang baik ataupun pemanfaatan sampah yang baik menjadi salah satu permasalahan dan jika dibiarkan dapat merusak lingkungan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah menumbuhkan kesadaran kepada masyarakat dengan pelibatan aktif dalam pemanfaatan botol plastik bekas, pemberian sosialisasi mengenai sampah organic dan anorganik dan pelatihan kepada kelompok masyarakat sasaran, terutama anak-anak sekolah pada tingkat SD/MI dalam pengelolaan sampah dan sadar lingkungan sehingga sampah-sampah khususnya anorganik yang ada bisa dimanfaatkan agar lebih bernilai guna. Kegiatan dilakukan sejak April-Mei 2019. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan partisipasi aktif dari siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh kesadaran siswa akan pentingnya menjaga lingkungan, siswa telah mengetahui cara pemilahan sampah, dan mengetahui cara mengelola sampah-sampah yang ada, khususnya sampah anorganik.Kata kunci : Sampah Botol Plastik, Kesadaran Siswa, Daur Ulang.Abstract            Garbage is becoming a current environmental problem. The huge amount, especially inorganic waste that cannot be deciphered, especially used plastic bottles, coupled with a lack of public awareness on how to manage good waste or the use of waste which is good is one of the problems and if left unchecked it can damage the environment. The aim of this activity is to raise awareness of the community by active involvement in the use of used plastic bottles, giving information on organic and inorganic waste and training to target community groups, especially school children at elementary or MI level in waste management and environmentally conscious so that waste - especially inorganic waste that can be used to make it more valuable. Activities are carried out from April to May 2019. The method used in this activity is socialization and active participation of students. The results obtained from the activities that have been carried out show that students' awareness of the importance of protecting the environment is obtained, students have known how to sort waste, and know how to manage existing waste, especially inorganic waste.Key words : Plastic Bottle Waste, Student Awareness, Recycling.
Mekanisme penipuan digital pada masyarakat era 5.0 ( studi kasus penipuan online berbasis lowongan kerja paruh waktu yang merebak di masyarakat)
Authors: Utomo Fajar Wahyudi , Insana Dwi Rorin , Mayndarto Eko Cahyo
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi lebih detail terkait bagaimana mekanisme penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu dapat terjadi. Penelitian ini sangat penting dilakukan mengingat korban dari aktifitas penipuan ini sangat masif di masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu selain informasi tentang mekanisme penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu, penelitian ini juga memberikan wawasan bagaimana upaya mencegah terjadinya tindak penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini studi kasus. Studi kasus merupakan bagian dari jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat menyelidiki sebuah fenomena tunggal yang terjadi di masyarakat. Selain melalui wawancara, untuk memperkaya literatur dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan studi kepustakaan terkait modus penipuan online. Hasi dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu adalah bentuk penipuan yang dilakukan oleh sejumlah oknum penipu melalui media sosial (whatsapp, facebook, telegram) dengan cara menigirimkan pesan berupa tawaran kerja mengatasnamakan perusahaan-perusahaan e-commerce besar untuk kemudian mendapatkan komisi/gaji. Terdapat dua belas langkah dalam proses penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu dari mulai menerima pesan tawaran kerja, hingga permintaan deposit sejumlah uang secara terus menerus. Upaya tindak pencegahan penipuan online berbasis kerja paruh waktu salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan memperkaya literasi digital masyarakat. Sebab pesatnya perkembangan teknologi digital wajib diimbangi oleh pemahaman literasi digital yang baik.
Risk factors for the incident of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates at the Regional General Hospital of Buleleng District, 2020
Authors: Suarmini Kadek Ayu , Megaputri Putu Sukma , Susiana Ni Komang , Purnami Luh Ayu
Published: April 2024

Background : The main causes of death in neonates are complications of pregnancy and childbirth, such as asphyxia, sepsis and low birth weight complications. Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a condition related to the respiratory system of neonates. The large number of RDS cases is one of the highest causes of death in neonates.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors for the incidence of RDS at Buleleng District Hospital, especially in premature neonates in 2020.

Methods: This research method uses a retrospective cohort study. Where the data was taken using secondary data in the NICCU room at Buleleng Regional Hospital. The independent variables included are the characteristics of the neonate including gestational age, history of hypertension experienced by the mother during pregnancy, birth weight, history of premature rupture of membranes, history of asphyxia experienced during the birth process. The dependent variable in this study was the incidence of RDS in neonates. The sample included in this research was 64 mothers who gave birth at the Buleleng District Hospital in 2020. This research used univariate analysis to assess the frequency distribution of each variable, then continued using bivariate analysis to determine the variables that were included in the multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was carried out computerized using logistic regression

Results: The results of this study found that there were 2 risk factors that directly increased the incidence of RDS in neonates including premature gestational age with a value of p 0.01 (19.8, 95% CI 1.8-133.7, low birth weight ( 2.9, 95% CI 1.9-8.4).

Conclusions: The conclusion is that there are 2 risk factors that are associated and increase the incidence of RDS in neonates, namely premature gestational age and low birth weight.
Meeting basic physical-biomedical needs of children under 5 years; does the family hope program work?
Authors: Fauziyah Fauziyah , Baroya Ni'mal , Sandra Christyana
Published: April 2024

Background: fulfillment of the basic physical biomedical needs of children under five affects their growth and development. Most poor families pay little attention to the basic needs of their children due to lack of knowledge and the economy. To overcome this, the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia has issued social security to reduce the number of poverty and social welfare cases called the Family Hope Program (PKH). Within the health sector, KPM (Beneficiary Families) are required to ensure the provision of fundamental healthcare services for children under the age of five. These services include monthly regular vaccines, biannual administration of Vitamin A, and monthly monitoring of the children's weight.

Objectives: this study aims to analyze the impact of conditional cash transfer programs on the fulfillment of basic physical-biomedical needs.

Methods: we conducted a quantitative study using a cross sectional design. Our research sample was 83 of 289 children under five years in Patempuran-Kalisat-Jember taken using simple random sampling technique.

Results: the results showed that there were no differences in the completeness of immunization (Sig = 0.501), exclusive breastfeeding (Sig = 0.378), routine weighing (Sig = 0.445) and utilization of health services (Sig = 0.845) between conditional cash transfer program recipients and non recipients.

Conclusions: This program is considered effective because the majority of children under five have received complete basic immunization and routinely have their weight weighed at the posyandu, but children under the age of five are not given exclusive breast milk. The social service and primary health care need to increase collaboration to provide education about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding.
Automatic Spontaneous Speech Analysis for the Detection of Cognitive Functional Decline in Older Adults: Multilanguage Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ambrosini Emilia , Giangregorio Chiara , Lomurno Eugenio , Moccia Sara , Milis Marios , Loizou Christos , Azzolino Domenico , Cesari Matteo , Cid Gala Manuel , Galán de Isla Carmen , Gomez-Raja Jonathan , Borghese Nunzio Alberto , Matteucci Matteo , Ferrante Simona
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The rise in life expectancy is associated with an increase in long-term and gradual cognitive decline. Treatment effectiveness is enhanced at the early stage of the disease. Therefore, there is a need to find low-cost and ecological solutions for mass screening of community-dwelling older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This work aims to exploit automatic analysis of free speech to identify signs of cognitive function decline.

METHODS

A sample of 266 participants older than 65 years were recruited in Italy and Spain and were divided into 3 groups according to their Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores. People were asked to tell a story and describe a picture, and voice recordings were used to extract high-level features on different time scales automatically. Based on these features, machine learning algorithms were trained to solve binary and multiclass classification problems by using both mono- and cross-lingual approaches. The algorithms were enriched using Shapley Additive Explanations for model explainability.

RESULTS

In the Italian data set, healthy participants (MMSE score≥27) were automatically discriminated from participants with mildly impaired cognitive function (20≤MMSE score≤26) and from those with moderate to severe impairment of cognitive function (11≤MMSE score≤19) with accuracy of 80% and 86%, respectively. Slightly lower performance was achieved in the Spanish and multilanguage data sets.

CONCLUSIONS

This work proposes a transparent and unobtrusive assessment method, which might be included in a mobile app for large-scale monitoring of cognitive functionality in older adults. Voice is confirmed to be an important biomarker of cognitive decline due to its noninvasive and easily accessible nature.
Asupan zat besi, kadar hepsidin, dan kadar hemoglobin pada mahasiswi obesitas dan normal
Authors: Putri Fonny Kurnia , Desmawati Desmawati , Defrin Defrin
Published: April 2024

Fe intake, hepcidin levels, and hemoglobin levels in obese and normal female studentsBackground: The most common anemia is related to problems with nutritional status. Obesity increases the risk of anemia because of the accumulation of fat in adipose tissue that triggers inflammation which can lead to anemia.Objective: This study aims to determine differences in iron (Fe) intake, hepcidin levels, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in obese and normal female students.Methods: This research is an observational study with a comparative cross-sectional research design. Sampling was done by systematic random sampling. Data assessment of Fe intake, hepcidin levels, and Hb levels was carried out by SQ-FFQ interview, ELISA method, and cyanmethemoglobin method. Normality test and data analysis were performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-Square.Results: The mean intake of Fe in obesity was 14.39±6.87 mg higher than the normal female students' 14.14±7.50 mg (p=0.726). The median hepcidin level in obesity was 322.32 pg/mL higher than normal female students 315.67 pg/mL (p=0.677). The mean hemoglobin level in obesity was 11,2±1,1 g/dL lower than normal female students 12,1±1,09 g/dL (p=0.001).Conclusions: There was no significant difference in Fe intake and hepcidin levels in the obese and normal female students. However, there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels in obese and normal female students.
Melanoma Detection using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: S Adithya B , Nayak Dr. Sankhya N , M Amrutha V , Hiremath Gowri J , P Rachana K
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that arises from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. These cells are responsible for the production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin, hair and eyes their color. Melanoma is considered more dangerous than other types of cancer because it can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Key features of melanoma include the formation of abnormal or cancerous cells in the skin pigment. The main cause of melanoma is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Most malignant tumours can be treated if diagnosed early. Therefore, early diagnosis of skin cancer is important to save the lives of patients. With today's technology, skin cancer can be diagnosed early and treated effectively. The traditional method of detecting melanoma relies on eye exams where dermatologists review biopsy results, which is time-consuming. These facilities are less available in rural areas where doctors are often available but dermatologists are not. This study was designed to develop a system that uses deep learning techniques to identify melanoma.
The Impact of the Insecure Attachment of Elementary School Students upon Interpersonal Competence: Focusing on the Mediating Effect on Self-Acceptance
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Seo Hye-Jeong , Song Sun-Hee
Published: April 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the insecure attachment of elementary school students upon their interpersonal competence and to analyze the mediating effect of self-acceptance in the relationship between insecure attachment and interpersonal competence, with a view to providing basic data to help understand the characteristics of insecure attachment of elementary school students.
Methods For this purpose, 284 elementary school students, who were in their first, second, or third years, were surveyed, and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 programs.
Results First, the insecure attachment of elementary school students had a significant and negative impact on self-acceptance. Second, the self-acceptance of elementary school students had a significant and positive impact on interpersonal competence. Third, the insecure attachment of elementary school students had a significant and negative impact on interpersonal competence. Fourth, self-acceptance had a significant mediating effect in the relationship between the insecurity of elementary school students and interpersonal competence.
Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that, when providing counseling to children who complain about difficulties in interpersonal relationships due to insecure attachment, it is necessary to intervene with regard to the self-acceptance which impacts interpersonal relationship issues directly.
A novel approach for Technetium-99m radioisotope transportation and storage in lead-free glass containers: A comprehensive assessment through Monte Carlo simulation technique
Authors: Şen Baykal Duygu
Published: April 2024

The primary aim of this project is to develop glass containers that are free from lead for the transportation of Tc-99m. The analysis included glass container structures characterized by the chemical formula 60B2O3-(25-x)GeO2-15BaO-xWO3 (where x ranges from 0 to 25). The rates of addition, in theory, range from 3.397 to 4.124 g/cm3. To evaluate the radiation shielding abilities of glass containers, the Phy-X/PSD software was used. The energy values employed in the evaluation varied from 0.015 MeV to 0.15 MeV, a range frequently employed in the field of medical physics. The transmission factors for the specific gamma energy of Tc-99m were determined using the Monte Carlo method MCNPX (version 2.7.0). The method simulates the motion and interaction of particles. The G6 glass container type exhibited the highest level of gamma-ray attenuation among all the investigated glass containers, primarily due to its superior shielding properties. The creation of glass containers that do not contain lead and are designed to contain the movement of Tc-99m has significant implications in the areas of radiopharmaceuticals and medical diagnostics. In light of the continuous attempts of the scientific community, it is advisable to undertake more investigations aimed at enhancing the technology of lead-free glass.
KESAN KONTEKS SEJARAH DAN PEMIKIRAN KONFUSIANISME DINASTI CHOSON TERHADAP NILAI DAN NORMA KONTEMPORARI KOREA SELATAN
Authors: Tan Soo Kee , Hamzah Nur Alam
Published: April 2024

Dari tahun 1392 hingga tahun 1910, Konfusianisme merupakan ideologi pemerintahan kerajaan Choson di Korea. Semasa zaman revolusioner ini, prinsip Konfusianisme mempunyai kesan yang besar terhadap sistem sosial, budaya dan pendidikan negara. Artikel ini meneroka pengaruh berterusan falsafah Konfusian terhadap budaya Korea Selatan kontemporari. Konfusianisme telah diterima pakai oleh dinasti sebagai kerangka moral dan intelek yang terkemuka, dan ini mempunyai kesan yang mendalam terhadap hubungan keluarga, kehidupan seharian dan sistem pemerintahan negara. Tradisi Choson menerima pakai prinsip Konfusian iaitu berbakti kepada ibu bapa dan etika kerja yang kukuh, yang masih jelas dalam hubungan keluarga moden dan tempat kerja Korea Selatan. Sebagaimana dilihat tradisi akademik Konfusian bertahan dan bagaimana hierarki masyarakat telah berkembang menjadi idea kesetaraan dan peluang, ia menunjukkan bagaimana Korea Selatan telah dapat menyesuaikan diri dengan nilai semasa sambil mengekalkan asas sejarahnya. Sebagai komponen utama hubungan antara Dinasti Choson dan Korea Selatan moden, artikel ini mempamerkan kepentingan pendidikan yang berterusan, didorong oleh sikap meritokrasi. Artikel ini juga melihat bagaimana amalan budaya–daripada budaya popular hingga kepada makanan–mempamerkan kapasiti luar biasa Korea Selatan untuk menggabungkan inovasi dengan tradisi. Warisan sejarah ini menunjukkan bahawa budaya adalah dinamik dan fleksibel, membantu tamadun mengharungi kerumitan masa kini dalam masa yang sama masih menyedari akar sejarah mereka.
GOING BEYOND GEO-CULTURAL PROXIMITIES: DISCOVERY OF CULTURE PATTERNS AND MALAYSIAN BTS FANDOM
Authors: Mat Yassin Yuslinda , Thaheer Baby Anusha Nur Mohamed , Azizam Abdul Aziz , Mahpuz Melina
Published: April 2024

The recent global success of K-pop can be attributed to innovative communication strategies, characterized as fan-based, new media- driven, transnational flow approaches reaching out to fans. This study analyzes textual communication and interactions within the online communication of BTS’ fans through Malaysia’s ARMY official Twitter account @BTSMY_ARMY. It also aims to discover fandom activities emerging from this online communication. Through virtual ethnography and quantitative content analysis of 401 tweets, this research identified five distinct cultural patterns that unite Malaysian BTS fans: 1) Fan Account and Fandom Culture, 2) Streaming Parties and Charting Activities, 3) Creation of Fanart and Graphic Edits, 4) Bilingual Communication and 5) Fan Projects and Supportive Initiatives. It can be concluded that these culture patterns are used as a basis for online interaction, engagement, and knowledge sharing among Malaysian BTS fandom, despite linguistic and cultural differences, transcending geographical divides and going beyond geo-cultural proximities.
The impact of managers’ emotional intelligence on transformational leadership styles in firms
Authors: Doan Thi Mai Huong , Nguyen Thi Thuy Quynh , Tran Quang Bach , Vu Thi Thao , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong , Nguyen Trong Xuan
Published: April 2024

The effectiveness of an organization is significantly influenced by the leadership styles used (Almahasneh et al., 2023). This study aims to investigate how the emotional intelligence (EI) of managers affects transformational leadership styles in North Central Vietnamese enterprises. With data from 632 samples — managers — exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to define the study problem using the quantitative approach. The findings demonstrate that through the intermediary components of employee knowledge sharing at work and corporate social responsibility, managers’ EI has both direct and indirect impacts on transformational leadership style. Furthermore, information sharing has been shown to have a positive impact on corporate social responsibility toward employees and a negative impact on opportunistic behavior. Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed to enhance and promote the effectiveness of transformational leadership styles for managers. Considering the social implications and the practicality of the research, stakeholders should push for solutions that would ensure transformational leadership styles for managers. The study’s findings contribute to our understanding of leadership and are particularly useful for teams working in Vietnamese and other Asian firms.
Global Comparative Basin Hypsometric Analysis of Earth and Mars: Implications for Early Mars Climate
Authors: Fang Jichao , Luo Wei , Howard Alan D , Craddock Robert A. , Oliveira Erneson E , Pires Rilder
Published: April 2024

While there is a consensus that water played at least some role in the
formation of various Martian landforms, including valley networks (VNs),
the specific mechanisms and climate conditions are still debated. Basin
hypsometric curves, reflecting elevation distributions, offer insights
into past processes and climates. Our study presents a global-scale
comparison of basin hypsometry on Mars, Earth, the Moon, and artificial
fractal surfaces. Results indicate Martian VN formation likely occurred
under a climate more arid than hyper-arid Earth, or under more humid
periods that were short-lived. Differences in hypsometric attributes
between Mars and the Moon suggest VN formation on Mars involved
precipitation-driven water flow. Additionally, impact cratering
significantly influenced Martian surface conditions, potentially
disrupting fluvial erosion processes. This comparative analysis sheds
light on the complex interplay of climatic factors and geological
processes in Martian landscape evolution.