bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ground Water Development with Particular Reference to Filter Point Tube Wells in Thanjavur District
Authors:   Assitant Agricultural Engineer, (Crash Programme) Mayuram, R SOMALINGAN
Published: October 2023

Efforts are being made to maximise the production of rice in Thanjavur District - the granery of South India particularly after the introduction of Intensive Agricultural District Programme. The district gets a fairly assured supply of water during the cultivation season. But the Ground-water which is commonly understood as the water occurring in pores and interspaces of the geologic strata, has an important role in tiding over the water scarcity due to vagaries of monsoon and making better utilisation of the available surface sources of water. The ground water extracted through the filter point tube wells has been responsible in bringing about change in the pattern of agriculture in Thanjavur District. So it has become necessary to organise for a systematic development of the ground water in this district to achieve the goal of self sufficiency in food, as it holds full potentialities.
Trials Against the Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, on Groundnut with Some Modern Synthetic Insecticides
Authors:   Assitant in  Entomology,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P.C SUNDARA BABU
Published: October 2023

The aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. is a polyphagous pest attacking groundnut, glyricidia, cowpea, field bean, green gram, black gram, sesbania etc. The black adults and the purple nymphs feed on tender shoots in large colonies and cause severe damage. In early years BHC was recom- mended for the control of groundnut aphid (Anon, 1954). Sarup et al. (1960) reported that phosdrin, endrin, sevin, parathion, malathion, dieldrin, gamma BHC, isodrin and heptachlor were more toxic than p, p' DDT to the adults of A. craccivora and chlordanc and aldrin less toxic than p, pl DDT. The present investigations were carried out to investigate the efficacy of some of the modern synthetic insecticides in controlling the aphid on groundnut. Onc pot-culture trial and four field trials were conducted against the aphid on TMV 2 groundnut and the results are detailed and discussed in this paper.
A Study of the Effect of Music on the Growth and Yield of Paddy
Authors:   Retired Dean, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, X B.W PONNAIYA , SUBRAMANIAN SUKANYA ,   Fundamental Research Assitant in Genectics,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, P CHANDRASEKHARAN ,   Cylogeneticits ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, P MADHAVA MENON ,   Reader in Genectics, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, V.S RAMAN ,   Cylogeneticits ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Effect of sonic vibrations on plants has been studied by. different investigators and the opinions expressed have been controversial. Musical sound of certain types have been claimed to have beneficial effects by way of increasing the growth and productivity of a variety of plants. The possibilities of utilising music treatment to crops for increasing the yield of commercial produce have been examined experimentally and no unanimity of opinion has been expressed.
The Bionomics of the Syrphid Fly, Xanthogramma Scutellare Fab. (Syrphidae: Diptera)
Authors:   Lecturer in Entomology, B.A College of Agriculture Institute of Agriculture Anand, J.R PATEL , H.K PATEL ,   Professor and Head Entomology, B.A College of Agriculture Institute of Agriculture Anand
Published: October 2023

Very few cultivated plants escape the attention of one or other kind of aphid. In nature aphids are always accompanied by their natural enemies viz., the larvae of syrphid flies, lace-wings and the larvae and adults of lady bird beetle to a smaller or greater extent. Of the various predators recorded, syrphid fly is of different species and one of the most common predators prevalent in this region. In view of its importance, studies on its biology were undertaken to help and understand various phases of life and behaviour. It appears that Xanthogramma sp. is prevalent in Delhi, Meerut, Saharanpur, Bulandshahr and Agra. (Anand et al. 1967 & Nayar and Nayar 1965). According to Patel et al. (1968) Xanthogramma scutellare, Fab. is prevalent in Gujarat also. Records of the incidence of Xanthogramma scutellare, Fab. indicate that it feeds on Aphis persicae, Boyer, on peach (Hardenberg 1913), on Lipaphis erysimi, Kalt. on cabbage (Patel et al. 1968) Toxoptera graminum on wheat (Moore 1913). Studies on the biology of Xanthogramma sp. made by Deoras (1942) are only of general nature, and much remains to be known about its behaviour etc.
Effect of Fertilizers on Availability of Soil Manganese in Two Soil Types of Madhya Pradesh
Authors:   Lecturer in Chemistry  College of Agriculture  J.N Agriculture University Jobalpur, S.K GUPTA , Y.B RANGNEKAR ,   University Professor in Bio Chemistry  Veterinary College J.N Agriculture University M.P
Published: October 2023

Among the various trace elements, Manganese (Mn) has received considerable attention owing to its function as a vital nutrient and its important biological role in plant physiology (Russel, 1953; Rangnekar, 1945). Heintze and Mann (1946) noticed decreased available Mn content due to application of lime to acidic soils. A large part of soil Mn in alkaline soils was observed to be in the unavailable form by Dion and Mann (1946) and Mattson et al (1948). The different fertilizing materials are having different effects on pH and other properties of soil, which leads changes in the status of available nutrients, specifically in case of Mn. Charles and Sherman (1948) found the effect of sulphur in increasing the available Mn content of soil. Venkatesvarlu (1964) found a significant increase in the Mn content of rice when he added extra sulphur as sulphate. Nitrogen and sulphur additions were shown to beneficially affect its availability to arable crops (Mulder et al 1952, Tisdale et al 1949).
Effects of Enforced Self-pollination in Petunia hybrida
Authors:   Assitant Entomologist,,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, S.R SREE RANGASAMY , R SETHUPATI RAMALINGAM ,   Assitant Entomologist,,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, P MADHAVA MENON ,   Assitant Entomologist,,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, V.S RAMAN ,   Assitant Entomologist,,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The self-incompatibility mechanism which promotes cross-pollination is well known in the genus Petunia. Of the different species of the genus, P. hybrida is largely grown as an ornamental annual for its wealth of variation in nature of flowers and plant form. This species is known to be of hybrid origin, the parental species being P. integrifoliu and P. axillaris (Darlington and Wylie, 1955; Takehisa, 1963). Structural differentiation of the chromo- somes of the genomes of the two species is considered to be still existent in the garden forms of P. hybrida and the heterozygosity is probably enforced through self incompatibility. Rick (1942) observed that chromosomal deficiencies and duplications can exist in this species without detriment to viability or normal development. A study of the effects of enforced self- pollination in this species would throw light on the advantages conferred by cross pollination in preventing the breakdown of the hybrid from disharmo- nious genetic recombinations or eliminating in breeding depression. The present study confined to a few garden forms of P. hybrida is aimed at a comparison of the cytological behaviour and morphological variation in the open pollinated and selfed progenies.
Soil Fertility Studies in Tamil Nadu Using Radiotracer Technique II Phosphorus Uptake by Sunnhemp in Different Paddy Soils
Authors:   Chemistry Section, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S VENKATACHALAM , C.P NATARAJAN ,   Chemistry Section, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S PREMANATHAN ,   Chemistry Section, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K KUMARASWAMY ,   Chemistry Section, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients essen- tial for growth of leguminous green manure crops. Since most of the Indian soils are deficient in phosphorus, much attention is paid to phosphate manuring of legumes in recent years. The application of phosphatic fertilizers has been reported to increase the yield of green manure crops by Taylor and Ghose (1923), Ramachandra Rao (1923), Parr and Bose (1944, 1945, 1947), Parr and Sen (1948), Desai and Parr (1949), Russel (1962), Sen and Bains (1951) and Sanyasi Raju (1953). However, the results of experiments conducted in the Agricultural Research Stations at Tirurkuppam and Coimbatore of Tamil Nadu (Anon 1952 to 1953) and the work done under the 1.C.A.R. Scheme on the uptake of phosphate by legumes at the same stations during the years 1958 to 1963 (Anon 1962-63) have shown no significant increase in green manure yields. Similar conclusions have been reported by Krishna Rao et al (1962) in Andhra State and by Soundararajan (1965) with certain paddy soils from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal and Assam. From the foregoing, it is seen that the results regarding the response of green manures to phosphate application are much varied. There is therefore the need to understand better, the utilisation of soil and fertiliser phosphate by green manures and their relation- ship to soil properties with reference to the soils of our State. The tracer technique using radioactive phosphorus (P) is of immense value in this respect and the results of the studies conducted on four important paddy soils of Tamil Nadu with sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) as the green manure crop, are reported in this paper.
Studies on Backcross Progenies of the Hybrid Gossypium arboreum X G. anomalum
Authors:   Super Intendent Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar 638 541 Tamilnadu., R APPADURAI , V SANTHANAM ,   Head of the  Regional Centre I.A.R.I Coimbatore 3, V.S RAMAN ,   Cylogeneticits ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Although the wild species is of little value as a source of genes for improving lint length, it is useful as a parent for imparting fineness and strength of lint. The first attempt at utilisation of the wild species to improve the fineness of lint of G. arboreum was that of Afzal et al. (1945). The results of subsequent work showed the possibility of transferring the desirable expression to the cultivated types (Kalyanaraman and Santhanam, 1954; 1957; Kesava Iyengar et al., 1958 and Santhanam, 1958). The present study is aimed at an evaluation of the behaviour of the second back cross progeny of the hybrid G. arboreum x G. anomalum.
Evaluation of Soil Tests for Phosphorus Availability
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Chemistry  College of Agriculture Madurai, V BALASUBRAMANIAN , D DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

A number of methods are in use to determine the available phosphorus in soils. Some of these methods have given satisfactory results in certain soils, but none has been found to be applicable under all soil conditions. Hence in this study an attempt is made to compare a number of soil tests for available phosphorus with the phosphorus uptake by ragi seed- lings in a Neubauer experiment to determine which method is most suitable for each soil type or a group of soil types in the matter of predicting yield or uptake of phosphorus. Simplicity, rapidity and dependability have been taken as the chief considerations in the choice of methods for determination of available phosphorus.
Some Experiments on the Fungicidal Control of Leaf Diseases of Sorghum
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer Mycology ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore 641 003, M.N ALAGIANAGALINGAM , H LEWIN DEVASAGAYAM ,   Assitant Mycologist ,Regional Research Station Tindivanam, M KANDASWAMY ,   Retired Joint Director of Agriculture Madras
Published: October 2023

Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) is the most important millet culti- vated in Tamil Nadu and is subject to a number of diseases like smuts and leaf spots. Amongst the leaf diseases, leaf spot caused by Cercospora sorghi Ell & Ev. and leaf blight caused by Bipolaris turcicum (Pass). Shoemaker, are of major importance and are widely prevalent in this state. A survey was conducted in the districts of Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu to assess the prevalence and intensity of these diseases. It was found that the leaf blight caused by Bipolaris turcicum was comparatively more prevalent in most of the places visited in these districts than the leaf spot caused by Cercospora sorghi. These leaf diseases affect both rainfed and irrigated crops and assume serious proportions during spells of wet weather resulting in loss of yield and deterioration in fodder quality. In China, Porter (1926) recorded a loss of 5% in yield due to leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora sp. The exact figures relating to loss caused by leaf diseases in sorghum in this State are not available; but considering their wide prevalence and often with high intensity the loss must be substantial. In order to minimise the heavy losses caused by these leaf diseases investigations have been undertaken for evolving effective control measures. Field experiments were conducted in order to test the relative efficacy of various fungicides in the control of the above leaf diseases and the observations made and the results obtained are presented in this paper.
Studies on the Effect of Tok E-25 on Weed Control, Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors:   Dept of Agronomy,(I.A.R.I) Regional Research Station Rajendranagar Hyderabad 500 030, D BALA NARASAIAH , L.G KULKARNI ,   Dept of Agronomy,(I.A.R.I) Regional Research Station Rajendranagar Hyderabad 500 030
Published: October 2023

Competition between crop plants and weeds is probably the most important single factor limiting the yield of crops. Groundnut, due to poor competing ability, faces severe weed competition at all stages of its develop- ment resulting in ultimate yield losses of more than 50% as reported by Chaugule and Khuspe (1962), Leiderman et al. (1963), Kulkarni et al. (1963), Boswell (1966) and Mani et al. (1968). The conventional weed control practices like repeated hand weedings and other intercultural operations with country-side implements are not only laborious and costly but also ineffective as timely operations are not guaranteed. The chemical control of weeds in groundnut is gaining much importance in United States of America whereas only a few reports are available in India' till now (Singh, and Moolani, 1967). The few results achieved also have little practical application. Research during 1966 at the Regional Research Station (I. A. R. I.), Hyderabad, has resulted in identifying a promising new selective herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenyl 4-nitrophenyl ether, popularly known under the trademark Tok E-25, containing 25% active ingredient (Anon., 1966). A thorough knowledge of the proper dose, timing of its application, effect on crop and effectiveness over cultural practices in vogue was therefore felt necessary for its popularisation. With these objectives in view, a detailed investigation was undertaken during Kharif, 1967 to evaluate the effectiveness of Tok E-25 for groundnut.
Influence of Modes of Fertilizer Application on the Uptake of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium by CO 29 Paddy during different Stages of Growth
Authors:   Assitant Lecture in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, M CHANDRASEKHARAN , D DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The rational application of fertilizers is one of the vital factors which control rice yield. The objective behind the rational application of fertilizers is to supply a reasonable amount of nutrients, synchronizing with the requirements of the crop at different stages of growth. The absence of information regarding the uptake of nutrients by rice has led to haphazard application of fertilizers regardless of the actual requirements of nutrients during different stages of growth. This has not only reduced the advantages of fertilizer application but sometimes depressed the yields also, when ferti lizers were applied without taking into consideration the actual plant needs at different stages of growth. Hence, the present investigation was planned and carried out with a view to furnish information on this aspect.
Role of Feasibility Demonstrations in Developing an Extension Programme for Quick Results
Authors:   Assitant Extension Specialist Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 3, A JOHN KNIGHT
Published: October 2023

This is a study made on the role of Feasibility Demonstrations in an Extension Programme as adopted by the members of the Agricultural Production Promotion Team of the USAID/University of Tennessee and the Tamil Nadu Agriculture Department at the Agricultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore. The main objective of the Team is to find out ways and means of developing an Extension Programme to make the farmers in Tamil Nadu aware of the high yield potential of certain varieties, the high outturn they could get by adopting the recommended package of practices and to motivate them to grow high yielding varieties and thereby to augment food production in Tamil Nadu.
A Schedule of Treatments Against Stem Borer and Earhead Bug Pests of Vellai Cholam
Authors:   Lecture in  Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute Coimbatore 641 003, B VASANTHARAJ DAVID , R SIVAGAMI ,   Assitant  Entomologist, Agricultural College and Research Institute Coimbatore 641 003, A JANAGARAJAN ,   Assitant in Entomology, Regional Agricultural Research Station Kovilpatti
Published: October 2023

In the southern districts of Tamil Nadu the shootfly, Atherigona varia soccata R., the stem borer, Chilozonellus Swinhoe, and the earhead bug, Calocoris angustatus Leth. are the potential insect enemies that cause considerable damage to irrigated sorghum (K.2) during the summer season (April to July). Two sets of insecticidal trials were conducted for the control of stem borer and the carhead bug separately at the Regional Research Station, Kovilpatti during 1965 and 1966 with a view to assess the efficacy of the insecticides against these pests independently and to formulate from the results obtained a schedule of treatments for controlling them, and realising maximum yield of grain.
Response of Rice to Fertilizer Application in Cultivators' Fields in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Agronomist Associate Professor of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K.M SUNDARAM , V SUBBIAH ,   Assitant Agronomist Cotton, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, M MURUGESAN ,   Lecturer in Statistics Agricultural College Madurai, K.A SESHU ,   Lecturer in Statistics , Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Indian soils are known to be dificient particularly in N, but believed to contain large reserves of P and K. This belief was based on the resuls of numerous trials conducted at the Research Stations where negligible responses to phosphate and potash applications were obtained. The Research Stations, however, are likely to be not quite representative of the tract not merely because of their small number but because of the continued manuring and better managerial practices over a number of years which is not a feature of an average cultivator's field. The need for trials on cultivators' fields has been increasingly felt on the recognition that recommendations based on the results of such trials alone could be reliably passed on for adoption by cultivators in a given tract. A series of simple fertilizer trials were therefore, laid out in cultivators' fields since 1951. From the results of trials conducted during 1958-59 to 1961-62, it was observed that not much- difference in responses existed to the different sources of N viz., Ammonium sulphate, Ammonium su phate nitrate, Urea and Calcium ammonium nitrate) It was also seen that economic response to phosphate and potash existed in many selected pockets all over the country. Accordingly, the programme of trials was revised with effect from 1962-63 in order to study more critically the response curves of N, P and K alone and in combination and response surfaces of two or more nutrients..
Plasmon Diversity in Eu-Sorghum - A Barrier to Free Interbreeding
Authors:   Super Intendent Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar 638 541 Tamilnadu., R APPADURAI , B.W.X PONNATYA ,   Assitant Dean & Professor Plant Pathologist, Agricultural College and Research Institute Coimbatore
Published: October 2023

Since the discovery of Cytoplasmic-genic male-sterile system in Milo-Kafir Crosses (Stephens and Holland 1954) many reports of spontaneous occurrence of male steriles in Sorghum have been made. (Mital, et al 1958; Sreeramulu, 1961; Ganga Prasad Rao, 1962; Cialzeta, 1963 and Hussaini and Venkata Rao, 1964). A comparative study of the plasmon types of diverse origin, was taken up in the presont investigation and the results are presented in this paper.
Dormancy in Seeds and Buds II.
Authors:   Head of the Department Botany, S.V Agricutural College,Tirupati 507  502 A.P, DR I.M RAO
Published: October 2023

In an attempt to understand the physiological causes underlying dormancy, detailed investigations were carried out during the current century to correlate dormancy with biochemical changes occurring in the dormant organs. In recent years, the emphasis has passed over to a study of the role of endogenous growth regulators in controlling dormancy and a fairly clear picture seems to be emerging now to explain dormancy.
Hybrid Vigour in Cotton Improvement
Authors:   Assitant Oilseed Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar 638 541 Tamilnadu., M STEPHEN DORAIRAJ
Published: October 2023

Nutgrass ((Cyperus rotundus L.) is one of the most troublesome weeds, and this is primarily due to the efficient propagation methods by the hardy subterranean tubers. The degree of tuber develop- ment and density of population are however, conditioned by the soil, environment and climatic situations. The present investigation was under- taken to study the tuber development, density of tubers and their starch contents at different depths in cultivated and fallow areas.
Anion Exchange Capacity and Crop Responses
Authors:   Retired Agricultural Chemist and Associate Professor Soil Science Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, F.L DANIEL , P.P RAMASWAMI ,   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, T.P MAHADEVAN ,   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the present investigation is to study the phenomena of anion exchange capacity on the lateritic soils of Nanjanad (The Nilgiris). When the study of response of crops to application of different nutrients began, it was discovered that many soils were deficient in supplies of available phosphorus. In most of the soils the total quantity of the phosphorus was low being less than about 0-0075 per cent. When phosphorus in the form of superphosphate was applied on the surface of these soils, about 80 to 90 per cent of added phosphate was fixed and the rest turned to unavailable form.
Efficacy of Weedicides Under Varying Levels of Nitrogen on Yields and Quality of Wheat
Authors:   Senior Research Assitant in Agronomy Sugarcane Research Station Pusa, A MAHMOOD , T.D SINIIA ,   Assitant Professor of Agronomy Ranchi  Agricultural College Kanko
Published: October 2023

Application of manures and fertilizers and removal of weeds are essential for high production of wheat. Few informations are available about the effectiveness of weedicido under varying levels of nitrogen. In- crease in yield due to weedicide application of 2, 4-D has been reported by Singh (1964), Mishra (1964), and Sinha and Thakur (1964). Klingman (1948), reported an increase in protein content due to 2, 4-D application. However, Overland and Rasmussen (1951), and Hill (1964) did not find any effect of weedicide on the protein content. Keeping these in view, an experiment was laid out at Ranchi Agricultural College Farm, Kanke (Ranohi), Bihar during rabi season of 1955-1966 to study the efficacy of weedicides under varying levels of nitrogen on weed control and yield and protein content of wheat..
Chemical Constituents of Fluc-cured Tobacco (N. tabacum) as Affected by Application of Hormones
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur, R.V MISRA , SHANKER HARI ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur, A.N PATHAK ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur
Published: October 2023

Although the effect of hormones on elongation of plants is well recognized (Brian et al, 1954, Gray, 1957; Marth et al 1956; Yabuta et al 1941) little information is available concerning its effect on the chemical composition of plants (Stove and Yamaki, 1957). It has been shown by many investigators (Schmuck, 1924; Kovalenko, 1935; Sastry, 1953) that within certain limits quality in the flue-cured type is directly proportional to sugars and inversely to nitrogenous constituents. Taking sugar and nitrogen figures, it appears that the Indian leaves generally contain less total sugars and more nitrogen than what is desirable. Stuart (1938) and Mitchell and Stuart (1938-39) while using IAA found an accumulation of carbohydrates in bean cuttings. Similarly Wost (1949), Grenlach and Singh (1949), and Mc-Illarth (1950) using 2, 4-D, NAA and Maleic-hydrazide respectively noted an increase in the carbohydrate content of hormone treated plants. Dastur and Bhatt (1956) found a greater accumulation of cane-sugar and starch in the leaves of the hormone treated cotton plant. They did not find any effect of hormone on the nitrogen content of stems and leaves, but the reproductive parts showed consistently higher nitrogen content than control. Yabuta et al (1943) and Parups (1959) reported a decreased nicotine content in hormone treated tobacco plants. Keeping the above facts in view, it was considered desirable to investigate fully the effect of some hormones on the chemical constituents and subsequently on the quality of tobacco.
Correlation of Soil Tests for Nitrogen with Response to Added Nitrogen in Madras Soils
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, P KRISHNAMURTHY , S VENKATACHALAN ,   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K KHALEEL AHMED ,   Soil Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Detailed correlation studies are in progress in our State to improve, if possible, the soil test recommendations adopted at present in our State. With phosphorus as the nutrient, Venkatachalam, Subramaniam and Kamalam (1963) had indicated the need to study the soils of Madras State grouped according to probable clay mineral type in order to get reliable correlations. This paper deals with correlation with reference to nitrogen in the soils of Madras State.
Effect of Legume Component on the Relationship between Quality and Quantity of Sorghum Forage
Authors:   Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture Udaipur, H.G SINGH , A.K SOGANI ,   Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture Udaipur
Published: October 2023

Introduction of cowpea as a companion crop has often been recommended to improve the quality of sorghum forage (Mann and Barnes, 1953; Henderson and Davis, 1955; Garg, 1961; Tawaka et al., 1962; Kalinina, 1962 and Shpakora, 1962). Although quality of forage as a result of companion cropping with legume may increase but quantitative loss in forage production has often been observed because legumes are inefficient producers of dry matter as compared to sorghum. Ayyangar (1942) reported that yield of sorghum was reduced when sown mixed with pulses. Thompson (1958) and Dey et al (1958) also observed suppression in the growth of sorghum due to heavy intertwining effect of legumes. Since area under forage crops is limited because of its greater need for food production, it is necessary to work out the practices which may increase the quality of sorghum forage without causing any quantitative loss. This calls for improvement in forage evaluation than used hitherto. With these objectives in mind a field experi- ment comprising various agronomic practices was planned.
Effect of Hormones on the Sugar Level of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants
Authors:   Dept Agricultural Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur, R.V MISIA , SHANKER HARI ,   Dept Agricultural Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur, A.N PATHAK ,   Dept Agricultural Chemistry Govt Agricultural College Kanpur
Published: October 2023

Mortimore and Ward (1964) reported that physiological vigour depends upon a steady respiration rate supported by a continuous supply of carbohydrate reserve, always assuming an adequate and balanced level of nutrients. When the vigour of a plant drops below a certain level because of stress conditions under which it is grown, it becomes susceptible to invasion by certain saprophytes and weak parasites. Craig and Hooker (1961) working with Diplodia stalk rot found that a decrease in the sugar level of the stalk causes senescence of pith tissue and susceptibility to pathogens.
Studies on Oil, Protein and Free Fatty Acid Content (Titrable Acidity) of Bunch and Spreading Varieties of Groundnut
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, A GOPALSWAMY , L VEERANNAH ,   Assitant in Plant Physiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is a rich source of protein and oil. The varietal and seasonal differences of the departmental strains TMV 1 (spreading) and TMV 2 (bunch) were sought to be examined in the light of their protein, oil and free fatty acid (titrable acidity) contents. In the metabolism of oil synthesis and protein, interesting aspects have been dealt with, such as formation of fats with concomitant disappearance of mannitol and reduction of protein in olive seed (Sahastrabudhe and Kale, 1933), balance of protein and oil in soyabean (Stark, 1924), association of genetic constitution on the synthesis of storage protein and oil in cotton seed as also nitrogen supply as an environmental factor (Eaton and Ergle, 1952; Tharp et al., 1949). The protein-oil balance was examined in sesamum too (Kinnmann and Stark, 1954) with reference to variety and location of cultivation.
Fertilizer Requirements of Cotton in Parambikulam-Aliyar Project Areas
Authors:   Former Assitant Agronomist, Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar 642 101, K.M BALASUBRAMANIAM , N JAYARAMAN ,   Research Assitant, Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar 642 101, A.K NAGARATHNAM ,   Assitant Agronomist, Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar 642 101
Published: October 2023

Fertilizers, in general, play a prominent role in stepping up crop yields. The benefits of irrigation, improved seed and improved management practices are fully realised only with the combination of application of optimum quantity of fertilizers that go to decide the availability of plant nutrients to the growing crop. In the ayacut areas wherever there are facilities for well irrigation, American cotton is being grown and acre yields upto 500 kg of kapas are obtained. The contemplated Parambikulam-Aliyar Project (PAP) when completed is likely to irrigate a total area of 2.4 lakhs acres lying in Pollachi, Palladam, Dharapuram and Udamalpet taluks of Coimbatore district. The availability of canal water in the newly developing project will give an impetus to include one of the commercially important crops like cotton in the crop rotation. Information as to the requirement of fertilizers for increased production of cotton under the soil and climatic conditions existing in the PAP areas is presented in this article.
Effect of Increasing Levels of N and P on the Uptake of Nitrogen and Yield of Wheat
Authors:   Associate Dean, Department of Agronomy University of Udaipur, R.M SINGH , B.P GOVIL ,   Formerly Post Graduate Student, Department of Agronomy University of Udaipur
Published: October 2023

In recent years there has been a tendency to use high levels of fertilizers to secure high yields of crops. Without knowing the actual requirement of a crop in a given area, indescriminate use of fertilizers may result in its waste, loss of yield and reduction in the margin of profit. In heavy soils of Udaipur, nitrogen is a limiting factor. While determining its actual requirement, it was thought necessary to study if application of phosphate has any influence on the nitrogen nutrition and yield of wheat. With this end in view, a field experiment consisting of different levels of N and P was laid out.
Infiltration Studies in Irrigated Black Cotton Soil of Coimbatore
Authors:   Assitant Agri Engineer(Civil) Minor Irrigation Research ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, M SANGTAH , M MUNIANDI ,   Agricultural Engineer Supervisor (Civil) Minor Irrigation Research ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, R.K SIVANAPPAN ,   Professor of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

For efficient management of water in any region, thorough knowledge of soil moisture movement in that region is very essential. The three methods of soil moisture movement are infiltration percolation and capillary movement. Infiltration has been defined as the downward entry of water into soil. Infiltration rates of soil are needed for run off determination and for application of irrigation water tc agricultural lands. Measurement of infiltration when made in the field gives valuable information as some field conditions which affect infiltration cannot be reproduced in the laboratory.
Grain Weight in Cultivated Strains of Paddy
Authors:   Assitant in Paddy, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, S.P GANESAN , S SIVASUBRAMANIAM ,   Assitant in Paddy, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, R SWAMINATHAN ,   Assitant in Paddy, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, V SRINIVASAN ,   Paddy Specialist, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore
Published: October 2023

Yield in rice being a complex character is influenced very much by certain contributory factors and these yield components individually and in combination affect the yield. Enumerating the selective factors of the yielding ability in cereals, Panse and Khargonkar (1949) included grain weight as one of the important indices among others Simolete (1947) found with the help of discriminant function technique that tiller number and grain weight were highly correlated with genetic yield in wheat. Eikichi (1954) recorded high correlations of yield with weight of ear. The association of weight of hundred grain with the yield was found to be very feable by Chandramohan (1961). Parnell et al. (1922) have reported that coarse grains were heavier, and weight was associated with grain colour. In this paper besides assessing the variability of 1000 grain weight in 30 cultivated varieties of paddy, the association between duration, grain size and shape are reported.
Studies on Silicate Nutrition of Rice in the Laterite Soil of Kerala I. Effect on growth and yield
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, A.K SADANANDAN , E.J VERGHESE ,   U.G.C Professor, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Vellayani Kerala
Published: October 2023

The major portion of cultivated area unerala State has laterite and lateritic types of soil which are acidic in nature and are low in productivity. When H-ion concentration exceeds a certain limit, free water soluble silica is formed. This gets leached away leaving an abundance of sesquioxide to form a soil of low productivity. The application of silicon to such soil would enhance its production potential. The problem has not been studied in great detail and the present investigation was undertaken to fill this lacuna to some extent.
Studies on the Seasonal Incidence of Insect Population in Lucerne and the Effect of Insecticides
Authors:   Dept of Agri Zoology and Entomology, University College of Agriculture Udaipur, K.S KUSHWAHA , J.C SHARMA ,   Dept of Agri Zoology and Entomology, University College of Agriculture Udaipur
Published: October 2023

Valuable contributions have been made to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the development, growth, metabolism, longevity, fecundity, distribution etc. of various insects particularly storage pests, predators and parasites, and relatively fewer crop pests (Cook, 1927; Pruthi and Pradhan, 1945; Pradhan and Vishwanathan, 1959; Narayanan et al., 1962 etc.), but very little has been studied to assess the overall population incidence during different seasons, and consequently no estimate of actual losses even on 'guesstimates' are available. Simultaneously, on the other hand, it becomes imperative to device suitable chemical control for the population reduction, since the loss caused by insect pests, in general, is a function of their population incidence. With this view, therefore, a study was undertaken in lucerne (Medicago sativa Lin.) which is an important fodder crop throughout Rajasthan, harbouring a large and varied insect population responsible for substantial tonnage besides considerable nuisance to feeding animals. For studies on frequency of pest infestation in case of maize borers and lucerne weevil, vide Kushwaha and Jain (1963 a,b)
A Study of the Physical and Chemical Properties of High Level Soils of the Nilgiris
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Chemistry ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, P.K MAHALINGAM , D.J DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Laterisation is a common soil forming process in humid tropics including India, where probably more than one fifth of the total cultivable land belongs to the laterite type. Research leading to clarification as to whether the soils of Nilgiris belong to the group laterite is necessary, as at present little is known in a systematic way regarding the chemical and physical properties of these soils. The morphology and chemistry of the soils of the Nilgiri district are not yet fully known. Earlier workers attempted sporadically to analyse the soils from this district but none of them exhaustively studied the soils present throughout the entire plateau. Hence in this piece of investigation an attempt has been made to conduct a detailed study of the soils by collecting representative samples from localities showing a wide range of elevation and rainfall. In this paper the physical and chemical properties, of Nilgiris soils and the effect of rainfall and elevation on these properties are discussed and an attempt was made to classify and assign a proper class to the soils.
Pre-fabricated Soil, Cement Tiled Lining for Irrigation Channels
Authors:   Assitant Agri Engineer,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, E.B KANNAN , P PALANISWAMY ,   Agricultural Engineer Supervisor ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, R.K SIVANAPPAN ,   Professor of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, G PERUMAL ,   Agricultural Extension Officer, Perur
Published: October 2023

A considerable quantity of water is lost by percolation through the unlined irrigation channels affecting the farmer by increased cost in lifting water. No doubt the lining of channels by cement concrete is a permanent measure.; but a small land holder cannot easily adopt this, as the cost of such lining is prohibitive. Therefore, there is imperative need for evolving cheap lining materials.
Studies on Groundnut on Black Soils in the Nagarjunasagar Project, Andhra Pradesh
Authors:   Agronomist Amaravathi, A.P, N ANJANEYULU NAIDU
Published: October 2023

Groundnut is at present grown under rainfed conditions both on red and black soils in the Nagarjunasagar Project area from June-July to September-November. In Ongole area where rains extend upto November, spreading type of groundnut is grown and in the remaining area where rains normally cease by middle of October, bunch type is cultivated. The yields of kharif crop are generally low. With the availability of water for irrigation from the Nagarjunasagar Project in the rabi season it is possible to cultivate groundnut in the project area in this season. Information on the suitability of the variety, optimum time of sowing, spacing, manurial requirements etc., relating to irrigated groundnut, is not available. To obtain data on these aspects, investigations were carried out on the Project Development and Demonstration Farm, Amaravathi, Guntur district and the results are presented.
Irrigation Trend in Madras State
Authors:   Project Officer Groundnut Export Oreientation Programme Vellore, T SIVASUBRAMANIAN
Published: October 2023

Irrigation may be defined as an artificial means for supply- ing water in the cultivation of crops. Certain crops such as millet, oilseed and cotton are cultivated in Madras State without provision for irrigation, though, however, these may produce better yields under conditions of irrigation. The need to assess irrigation potential, therefore, is of considerable importance. There are four main types of irrigation in Madras State viz., (i) Canals (ii) Tanks (iii) Wells and (iv) Springs.
Studies on Genetic Variability in Ragi-II. Phenotypic, Genotypic and Environmental Correlations between Important Characters and their Implications in Selection
Authors:   Assitant in Millets Specialist ,Agricultural Reserch Station, Perumallapalle A.P, D.V NARASIMHA RAO , A.V PARDHASARADHI ,   Millets Specialist, Lam Guntur
Published: October 2023

Several plant breeders have attempted to assess the relationship of different plant characters to yield in different crops and the correlations will fall under the category of environmental correlations. But such information in fingermillet ragi (Eleusine coracana) is very meagre. There is no information on phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations in ragi In this paper an attempt has been made to study these three types of correlations in some important quantitative characters contributing to yield and their importance in selection work in plant breeding.
A Case Study on the Refresher Course of Gramasevaks.
Authors:   Extension Officer Agriculture Kilpennatur, A.V RAGHAVAN
Published: October 2023

Refresher Training aims (i) to fill up the gaps resulting from the incomplete training given earlier (ii) to equip the village level workers with latest knowledge in various fields and the skill of technical know-how and (iii) to solve their field problems by discussing and arriving at solutions. For every programme, evaluation is essential to find out whether the refresher training programme has been effective in the field and whether it has supplied the needs of the trainees. This also helps to locate bottle-necks, handicaps and problems in the training programme so that suitable solutions could be found to enable to progress in the right way
[Resensi Buku] Theological Method: A Guide for the Perplexed
Authors: Jatmiko Yudi
Published: October 2023

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Psychotherapieverfahren – im Unterschied zu allgemeiner, schulenspezifischer oder modularer Psychotherapie
Authors: Linden Michael
Published: October 2023

Es gibt viele Formen verbaler Intervention, von hilfreichen Gesprächen zwischen Laien, über die allgemeine Patientenführung, die Psychoedukation, Krisengespräche, kurzfristiges therapeutisches Counselling. Darüber hinaus gibt es nach gesetzlicher Vorgabe Psychotherapie, die an eine spezielle Fachkunde gebunden ist, das heißt die fachärztliche verfahrensspezifische Psychotherapie und die Richtlinienpsychotherapie. »Psychotherapieverfahren« sind definiert über eine Therapietheorie, aus der sich theoretische, hypothetische Konstrukte bzw. Theoriebegriffe ableiten, mit Übersetzung in technische Operationalisierungen und empirischer Evidenz, dass ein derartig begründetes Vorgehen die Chance hat, dem Patienten mehr zu helfen als zu schaden. Dies kann so für idiosynkratische oder beliebige Therapiekonzepte nicht angenommen werden. Eine Verfahrensbindung ist damit eine unverzichtbare Voraussetzung für die Qualitätssicherung in der Psychotherapie und die Ausbildung von Psychotherapeuten.
Verbal representation of the “encasement” notion in value-semantic modelling of the English-language translation versions of A. Chekhov’s short stories
Authors: Gabdullina Akkosh Raffasovna
Published: October 2023

The aim of the research is to substantiate the necessity to identify the lexemes that reflect the notion of “encasement” (alienation, estrangement, aloofness of the traditional Chekhov’s hero) in A. Chekhov’s short stories within the framework of formation of a value-semantic model of their English-language translations. The article presents a comprehensive comparative study of the elements that reflect the notion of “encasement” on the basis of A. Chekhov’s short story “The Man in a Case” and some other short stories by the author, as well as their translations into English. The scientific novelty of the research consists in considering the ways of verbal representation in translation of lexical-semantic units of the text thematically grouped according to various aspects of the reflection of “encasement” in the framework of value-semantic modelling of translation. As a result, it has been shown that the archiseme “case” becomes the core of the artistic idea, and the lexemes that convey the notion of “encasement” become the point attractors of the meanings, forming the main value-semantic model that appears in a number of the writer’s works. Based on the analysis of the lexical units conveying the idea of “encasement”, the article proves that in the process of their translation, some deformations associated with interlingual asymmetry may occur.
Methods of formation of paired terms in the Kumyk language
Authors: Abdullabekova Umsalimat Bagautdinovna
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the formation of paired terms in the Kumyk language. The author grouped paired terms according to the method of formation of the analysed terms. The paper demonstrates the attribution of the terms under consideration to a specific thematic group. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the characteristics of paired terms in the Kumyk language. In the Kumyk language, a paired term cannot acquire expressive or stylistic connotations like commonly used paired words, due to its properties of exactness and neutrality. As a result, six types of paired terms were identified based on their formation method; the ways of translating the components of borrowed and calqued relative adjectives were described. In addition, the changes in terminological units borrowed from Russian were shown. In the Kumyk language, calquing and borrowing from the Russian language are most prevalent in the socio-political sphere. Paired terms in the Kumyk language are direct translations of Russian terminological concepts.