bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic scientific strategies associated with mitigating the challenges in predicting track and intensity of cyclones across the world basins
Authors: Singh Vivek
Published: July 2022

The present study analyses the systematic scientific strategies associated with mitigating the challenges in predicting track and intensity of cyclones across the world basins. The relevant ‘51’ original publications on predicting track and intensity of cyclones across the world basins utilising numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, machine learning and satellite based approach were chosen using a focused orderly search and were used to develop the selection benchmarks for the systematic literature review. According to our systematic review, out of selected ‘51’ studies, a total of ‘19’(37.25%) and ‘12’ (23.52%) and ‘9’ (17.64%) studies were focused on Pacific (including south China sea) Atlantic and North Indian Ocean (NIO) basins respectively. Three studies were conducted over both the Pacific and Atlantic Basins. However, the remaining ‘8’ studies were not over any specific basin. After 2015, the widespread use of machine based algorithm and analysis began, with a focus on the improvement in intensity prediction of TCs. Satellite based approach was employed in nearly all of the studies, and data assimilation techniques were in nascent stage during 2006-2013. To create detailed cyclone prediction track and intensity of cyclones across the world basins, a balance among data assimilation systems, modelling systems, and machine learning to uncover predictability drivers is necessary. Globally, predicting track and intensity of cyclones should take into account future climate change scenarios in the world basins. In order to gain improvement in this direction, further research is needed to fill in the knowledge gaps that have been identified.
WITHDRAWN: Physical principles of design and operation of multifunctional chemical reactors for hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Junjie
Published: July 2022

The deliberate incorporation of additional process functions to enhance reactor performance has proved to be a fertile approach in developing novel reactors. In addition, the concept of multifunctional reactors offers a useful framework for reactor selection and classification. This study relates to the physical principles of design and operation of multifunctional chemical reactors for hydrogen production. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are conducted to better understand the consumption, generation, and exchange of thermal energy between endothermic and exothermic processes in the reactor. The effects of wall heat conduction properties and flow velocity on heat transport characteristics and reactor performance are investigated. The objective of this study is to gain insight into the physical principles of design and operation of multifunctional chemical reactors for hydrogen production. Particular emphasis is placed on the dependence of heat transfer characteristics on wall heat conduction properties and flow velocity in various situations, with an attempt to improve the distribution of thermal energy for use in multifunctional chemical reactors. The results indicate that the production of hydrogen can be optimized by precise control of the parameters that determine the overall efficiency of the reaction. These parameters include reaction temperature, rate of diffusion of the reactants to a catalytic site, and formation of byproducts. Certain exothermic reactions occur rapidly and, therefore, are particularly difficult to control with precision. The performance of hydrogen production is controlled by mass transport and thermal transport through the reaction medium. The thermal conductivity of the channel walls is fundamentally important. Materials with high thermal conductivity are preferred for the channel walls. Thermally conductive ceramics and metals are well-suited. Wall materials with poor heat conduction properties degrade the reactor performance. Poor distribution of the fluids can lead to local hot spots which can decrease the reaction selectivity, reduce catalyst life, or lead to side reactions which may lead to dangerous uncontrollable side reactions. Especially in the heterogeneous catalytic reactions, the diffusion rate of the reactants onto the catalytic reaction site controls the rate of reaction.
Digital games, literacy and language learning in L1 and L2
Authors: Hanghøj Thorkild , Kabel Kristine , Jensen Signe Hannibal
Published: July 2022

In this comparative systematic review, we analyse how the use of digital games inside and outside school settings might support primary and secondary students’ literacy and language learning in relation to first language (L1) and second language (L2) educational contexts. Our findings indicate widely different patterns from utilising diverse game aspects, theories, and research methodologies in relation to the two different subject areas, which show that they are less convergent than what often is suggested in research that compares the two subjects in a globalised world. The L1 studies indicate positive findings with mainly commercial games in relation to writing, multimodal production, critical literacy, and, partly, to reading. The L2 studies report positive findings with educational games in relation to the investigated language skills (vocabulary, reading, and writing), though with an increasing number of studies conducted in out-of-school settings examining commercial gaming practices. We discuss the findings from the two K-12 subjects using a cross-disciplinary perspective, and we suggest directions for future research.
The literacies of a competitive esports team
Authors: Gerber Hannah R.
Published: July 2022

This article explores a variety of literacy practices that exist with competitive esports, namely livestreaming, moderating/Mods, and VODs/VODcasting. Nearly two decades of research have indicated that videogaming provides rich experiences for developing multifarious and diverse literacy practices, but, to-date, little research examines the literacies born out of the rapidly growing and evolving videogaming market of esports. This study provides insight into the way a team functions to provide meaning-making experiences surrounding livestreaming, moderating, and VODcasting within the burgeoning esports culture. Drawing from a two-year snapshot of a larger five-year ethnographic examination of a competitive collegiate esports team, this study is guided by the theoretical perspective of distributed cognition. Data that inform this study stem from interviews, observations, and artifacts in both face-to-face and digital spaces. Findings indicate that the esports-related literacies of livestreaming, moderating, and VODs/VODcasting, transcend and overlap meaning-making experiences—in-the-moment and in reflectivity—suggesting that the role of the team is vital to the literacies found within the esports ecosystem.
Layering literacies and metagaming in Counter Strike: Global Offensive
Authors: Kiourti Elisavet
Published: July 2022

The primary purpose of this ethnographic research is to explore what literacy practices unfold through and beyond gaming, how metagaming is conceptualized and how metagaming shapes the players' view and relation to their literacy practices with a particular focus on the first-person shooter Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS:GO). Data from this study were drawn from ethnographic research of four young males within and around CS:GO in the context of Cyprus. Findings indicate that players go through a cycle of layering literacies in order to evolve their metagaming. Metagaming is about creating fluid forms of optimal or unexpected tactics and strategies during game play that go beyond the rules of the game to counter the opponent(s) by using pre-existing, current, and new knowledge from past game plays, as well knowledge and information from online and offline literacy practices. These layered literacies are multidirectional, interest-based and are part of learning related to high-level making decisions. The results contribute to the body of literature suggesting ways videogames and more specifically metagaming, could support literacy in L1 classrooms.
Rethinking the Africa-China Trade: Some Policy Considerations and Implications
Authors: Rakotoarisoa Manitra A. , Fang Cheng
Published: July 2022

As many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) struggle against severe food insecurity, unemployment and poverty, their heavy reliance on the export of raw materials as sources of revenue to solve these problems has long been put into question. The trade between China and SSA is characterized by China’s importing mining and extraction from SSA and SSA’s importing manufactured goods from China. We analyse the asymmetric SSA-China trade and focus on how trade policy and productivity shocks will reduce SSA’s dependency on raw material export to China. We perform accounting and simulation exercises using the General Equilibrium GTAP model. The main innovation in our study is the inclusion of estimates of different labor productivity growth rates across regions and across sectors in the model. These labor productivity growth estimates show that the gaps between China and SSA especially in manufacturing are huge; ignoring these gaps would have biased any estimation. The other innovation is the simulation that the imports from China would yield some technology spillover on productivity in SSA. We examine several scenarios that include tariff elimination by China, common external tariff in SSA, and free regional trade in SSA. We find that with its current low labor productivity growth rates especially in manufacturing sectors, SSA continues to lose in the global trade, including in its trade with China. More important, manoeuvring room for trade policies is limited. China tariffs on imports from Africa are already low and bringing these tariffs down to zero will lead only to a modest increases in welfare and employment for SSA without altering SSA’s dependence on raw material export. Raising the tariffs on manufactured goods from China will reduce SSA’s welfare and employment by harming consumers and the agriculture sectors dependent on intermediate goods from China. Increases in labor productivity and technical progress in SSA’s manufacturing sectors are welfare improving, but will not alter the high share of mining and extraction export to China unless such increases in productivity are accompanied by a voluntary restriction on these raw material exports. As such a voluntary restriction is being practically hard to apply and sustain, SSA shall continue to liberalize internal markets and pursue higher growth rates in labor productivity to cut the losses in international trade. Our simulations show that freer intra-African trade with small and steady increase in productivity can have significant impacts on welfare and employment.
Comparison of $pp$ and $p \bar{p}$ differential elastic cross sections and observation of the exchange of a colorless $C$-odd gluonic compound
Authors: Royon Christoph
Published: July 2022

We describe the discovery of the colorless
CC-odd
gluonic compound, the odderon, by the D0 and TOTEM Collaborations by
comparing elastic differential cross sections in
pppp
and p \bar{p}pp‾
interactions at high energies.
Prospects for diffractive dijet photoproduction at the EIC
Authors: Guzey Vadim , Klasen Michael
Published: July 2022

We discuss the prospects of diffractive dijet photoproduction at the EIC to distinguish different fits of diffractive proton PDFs, different schemes of factorization breaking, to determine diffractive nuclear PDFs and pion PDFs from leading neutron production.
Exclusive electro-weak production of a charmed meson at high energy
Authors: Pire Bernard , Szymanowski Lech , Wagner Jakub
Published: July 2022

Exclusive electro-weak processes have peculiar features which make them complementary to usually discussed deeply virtual electroproduction processes such as deep virtual Compton scattering or meson production (and the corresponding crossed reactions). They allow in particular single charmed meson production, which we study in two different contexts : electroproduction at an electron ion collider and neutrino-production at a medium energy neutrino facility. We rely on the QCD collinear factorization framework where generalized parton distributions allow physicists to perform a nucleon tomography.
Multidimensional partial wave analysis of SIDIS dihadron beam spin asymmetries at CLAS12
Authors: Dilks Christopher
Published: July 2022

Dihadron beam spin asymmetries provide a wide range of insights into
nucleon structure and hadronization. Recent measurements at CLAS12
provide the first empirical evidence of nonzero
G_1^\perpG1⊥,
the parton helicity-dependent dihadron fragmentation function (DiFF)
encoding spin-momentum correlations in hadronization. These measurements
also allow for a point-by-point extraction of the subleading-twist PDF
e(x)e(x)
in a collinear framework. We observe different behavior of the
asymmetries in different invariant mass regions, motivating a fully
multidimensional study. The DiFFs also expand in terms of partial waves,
each corresponding to the interference of dihadrons of particular
polarizations. Altogether a fully multidimensional partial wave analysis
is needed, and this presentation will summarize the efforts and results
obtained thus far.
Hadron Polarimetry for the Electron-Ion Collider
Authors: Nunes Ana Sofia , Aschenauer Elke Caroline , Eyser Oleg , Schmidke William
Published: July 2022

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be the first collider to use both polarized electron beams and polarized proton and light ion beams. It will therefore offer unique opportunities to study the structure of nucleons and to answer fundamental questions in QCD.

The uncertainties on the polarization measurement translate directly into the uncertainties of final physics observables. Hence, a precise measurement of the hadron beam polarization and a good control of systematic uncertainties are critical for the success of the spin program at the EIC.

Contrary to the case of electron beam polarimetry, which uses physical processes derived from first principles that allow a high precision extraction of the electron beam polarization, for hadron beams no such process is available. The currently best used methods rely on the process of elastic scattering in the Coulomb-Nuclear Interference (CNI) region, for which there are only effective models available.

The experience from RHIC, the only existing polarized proton collider, will be detailed and the challenges of the measurements at the EIC will be addressed. In particular, measurements of the present RHIC polarimeters and simulations of the future EIC polarimeters will be presented.
Valence quark distributions of light mesons in light-cone quark model
Authors: Kaur Satvir , Kumar Narinder , Lan Jiangshan , Mondal Chandan , Dahiya Harleen
Published: July 2022

In order to investigate the tomographical structure of light pseudoscalar mesons, particularly, pion and kaon, we study
the valence quark distribution function (PDF) and the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) using light-cone quark model (LCQM).
PHARMACOLOGY IN ENDODONTICS
Authors: Siddiqui Shazia , Anwar Nurez , Ahmad Khan Rehan , Gupta Asmita , Yadav Sandhya , Srivastav Anubha
Published: July 2022

Aim: This review article focusses on the availability of drugs and their use in Endodontics. Background: This study aimed at reviewing the use of analgesics, antibiotics and their use in Endodontics, in form of oral or its application. Dosage and inappropriate use of drugs was added into this review. Methods: The systematic literature search was performed in three databases from 1993 to 2013.English articles that focused on drugs used in endodontics and their role were searched. Systematic and narrative reviews were included. Result: After evaluation of search papers, 12 relevant articles were used in this review. The importance of drugs with their role, dosage, uses are highlighted in this study. Drugs play an essential role in treatment protocol but at the same time its misuse should be avoided. Conclusion: There is availability of systemic and topical drugs but their use and dose should be assessed before administration and unnecessary use of these should be avoided.
INFLUENCE OF DENTURE ADHESIVES ON ORAL HEALTH QUALITY OF LIFE , OCCLUSION AND DISOCCLUSION TIMESOF DIGITALLY FABRICATED AND DESIGNED REMOVABLE COMPLETE DENTURES (CLINICAL CROSS OVER STUDY)
Authors:   Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt., Helal Eman , M. Esmat Ahmed ,   Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt., F. Elawady Ayman ,   Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt., F.F. Khalil Maie ,   Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: July 2022

Background: The efficiency of adhesives in enhancing the retention of complete denture has been well recognized.Yet the correlation of using adhesives with occlusal equilibration has not been investigated especially after introducing digitally fabricated complete dentures in order to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional processing technique of complete dentures.In addition, the competence of the prosthesis and its ability to improve the quality of life of the patient should be given great attention as improvement of patient`s life is the main goal of any medical intervention. Objective:The purpose of this crossover clinical study was to evaluate the influence of using adhesives with the digitally fabricated (3D printed) dentures on occlusal equilibrationandOral Health Quality of Life (OHRQoL) Materials and Methods: The Study was designed as crossover clinical trial, total of 27 subjects participated in the study, all the patients received digitally fabricated (3D Printed)set of complete dentures First: The patients were instructed to wear the complete denture for the first two weeks after that occlusal equilibration was evaluated in terms of occlusion time (OT) and dis-occlusion time (DT). Second: After two weeks the patients were instructed to use the same (3D printed) complete denture for another two weeks after application of denture adhesive then occlusal equilibration was evaluated again in terms of occlusion time (OT) and disocclusion time (DT). Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHQoL) questionnairewas used to evaluate the patient satisfaction at the end of the follow up period of each denture set. Results:Regarding occlusion time,there was significant difference for all timings as mean Â± standard deviation without adhesive and with adhesive were (0.56Â±0.018) and (0.31Â±0.024) respectivelyas P-value < 0.05.Regarding oral health effect on the quality of life, the studied domains revealed a significant improvement after adhesive application as the denture with adhesive showed lower scores than without adhesive. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study and the given specific patient population, denture adhesives were found to significantly reduce occlusion time (OT) and disocclusion time (DT) durations in CAD/CAM complete dentures with fairly balanced occlusion, further improving denture stability and the patients Oral Health Quality of Life.
ATTITUDE TOWARDS SARS-COV2 VACCINE AMONG DENTAL PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Kerpala Meghashree , S. Salagundi Basavaraj , P.L Rupesh , N. Raj Arundati , B.K Ashika , P.C Manjusha , Rajashekar G.R Rohith
Published: July 2022

Aim: This study aimed to assess the acceptance and hesitancy of covid vaccine among dental professionals. Methods: The study population consisted of dentists who work in private clinics, hospitals, institutions and health centers in Karnataka. An online questionnaire was sent in the form of google forms. The questionnaire comprised series of questions to know the level of knowledge, attitude towards SARS-COV2 vaccine. Results: In this study total of 200 dentists participated, majority of them had good knowledge, optimistic attitude towards Covid 19 vaccine. The majority of dentists were aware of corona virus, symptoms and 84.3% have already received the vaccine. 91.7% participants believed it was very important to get the COVID-19 vaccine. 89.4% used to wear a mask all the time and 1.4% wore it sometimes. 49% of participants had symptoms like fever, headache, tiredness/myalgia, bodyacheetc following immunization. Conclusions: Dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms and the importance of vaccination. Majority of dentists have already received the Covid 19 vaccine. Health care workers and Media plays an important role in educating and spreading information on vaccines. Clinical Significance:Despite overall confidence in vaccines, a majority of dental professionals expressed concerns over a novel coronavirus vaccine.
T-SOFT - AN ADDITIONAL OPTIMAL TOUR PLAN FORMATION METHOD TO TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEMS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, St. Johns College, Palayamkottai-627002., Murugesan R.
Published: July 2022

A traveling salesman problem (TSP) is an assignment problem (AP) with additional conditions, in which the intent is to find the best possible way of visiting all the planned cities only once and returning back to the starting city that minimizes the travel distance (or time or cost) on the whole. In the modern world with all the transportation facilities, TSP plays a most important role. The well-known method used to solve the TSPs is the Hungarian method. In this research article, we have identified and established a list of TSPs which are having additional optimal tour plans (OTPs). For the identified TSPs, the OTP and the additional OTP are formed by applying the proposed T-SOFT method. The central aspire of developing additional OTPs by the administration is to have the best possible decision during the critical and disaster situations. Thereby, the additional OTPs become a base for subsequent analysis by the administration and eventually the decision itself.
AN ANALYSIS TO STUDY THE FINANCIAL EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar., Ahmad Malik Irshad , Ali Ganai Khurshid ,   Assistant Professor, Business Division, Higher Colleges of Technology, The United Arab Emirates., Ashraf Chesti Khalid ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, University of Kashmir, Srinagar.
Published: July 2022

Financial Empowerment of women is in the discourse of the intellectual class since long, therefore, this study has been undertaken to investigate the financial empowerment of women. This study is a humble attempt to explore the level of financial empowerment of the women folk in the society. In this regard, the findings of the study puts forth that the women folk, despite, getting financially independent, yet they are not fully independent to make their spending and investment decisions. The study, states that the spending patterns of women folk are highly controlled by the men folk as they do complain if women folk spend or invest their income without taking men folk into confidence. Therefore, it can be said that the women folk still have to go a long way in order to achieve the freedom of spending and investing their income without any interference from the men folk and attain a real financial empowerment.
PRISE EN CHARGE DUNE SIALOCELEPAROTIDIENNEPOST-TRAUMATIQUE : APPROCHEFONCTIONNELLE, ET MINI-INVASIVE
Authors:   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., EL Hafidi Nawfal , MFA Keith ,   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Bakhil Ayoub ,   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Benbachir Adam ,   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Hamama Jalal ,   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., EL Khatib Karim ,   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: July 2022

La sialoceleparotidienneestune complication mecanique rare des plaiespost-traumatiques de la face, souventpasseeinapercuedevant le caracterehemorragique des plaiesfaciales. Elles doivent etre connues et prevenuesinitialement car leurprise en charge secondaireestcompliquee. Le detournement du flux salivaire dans la cavitebuccale par catheterisme de la partiedistale du canal parotidien Ã travers la sialocele, en utilisantune nouvelle de fistule interne contrÃ´lee, estuneprocedurefiable et efficace. Il constitueuneapprochefonctionnelleconservatricelorsquuntraitementretardeestnecessaire, avec un faiblepotentiel de recidive et unefaiblecomorbidite. Cecipermetune solution definitive au probleme, en preservant la fonction de la glandeparotide tout au long du processus de guerison. Ce travail presente le casduneprise en charge retardeedunesialoceleparotidienne post traumatiqueavecuneapprochechirurgicale mini-invasive.
CASE REPORT OF AN EPITHELIOID VARIANT OF KAPOSI SARCOMA: A RARE MIMIC OF ANGIOSARCOMA
Authors: Z. Allaylah Tawfiq , E. Alraddadi Abdulrahman , M. Alrajhi Abdulrahman , S. Alshaygy Ibrahim , Alhumaidi Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm with a broad spectrumclinicopathology. An epithelioid morphology, a rare recent variant of KS, with many variants of KS that may mimic other vascular neoplasms poses a diagnostic challenge. We report on a 75-year-old Saudi man HIV- negative who had been diagnosed with classical KS on the right foot 8 years before the present episode. Histopathological findings of the new lesion included areas showing epithelioid cells with moderate pleomorphism, growing in solid sheets. The epithelioid cells show nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia mimicking angiosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry shows a strong diffuse nuclear staining pattern for HHV-8 latent nuclear antigen-1 (LNA-1) in the epithelioid as well as the classical spindle cells. A diagnosis of epithelioid Kaposi sarcoma is made, which should be included within the known histological variants of KS. Prior to this case, the epithelioid variant of Kaposi sarcoma has been reported only three times in the literature. Since this variant shares similar clinical and histological features with angiosarcoma, integration of clinical findings and context, histopathologic features and immunohistochemical results is critical in obtaining the correct diagnosis and treatment.
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT ON ESRD PATIENTS USING SGA SCALE : A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur., Manas Kumar G. , Nadiya S.K ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur., Pravallika K. ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur., Poojitha T. ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur., Sravya V. ,   Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur.
Published: July 2022

Back ground information: The aim of the study is to assess the nutritional status among ESRD patients on Haemodialysis by means of Subjective Global Assessment ( SGA) and also to know the impact of comorbid illnesses on nutritional status. Materials and methods: The study group included respondents suffering from ESRD who were patients of the Dialysis centre at Vedanta Hospitals in Guntur. The study was conducted in 50 Dialysis patients ( 36 men and 14 women).Those patients who met the study criteria were enrolled into the study. Relevant data such as demographics details, comorbid illnesses, past medical history, duration of dialysis, dialysis complications, were collected from patient proforma and a standardized SGA scale and other relevant biochemical parameters like Serum Albumin, and C reactive protein were used to evaluate the nutritional status of the patients. Statistical consideration:All the raw data was collected,entered in Excel sheet 2007 in windows 7 version. Statistical analysis methods like Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to compare variables and p value Results:The study shows that malnutition was significantly higher among those who had received HD for >3 years(p=0.008). HD patients with increase in number of comorbidities and the number of chronic medications taken had a significantly higher level of SGA (p<0.001).There is a moderate positive correlation between SGA score and CRP values(p<0.0001 the result is significant at p<0.05)A regression analysis is done for SGA and serum albumin findings showed that a negative correlation was there between SGA and serum albumin values (p value is 0.480905) the result is not significant at p<0.05. Conclusion: In our study there is a positive correlation between SGA and CRP values and a negative correlation between SGA score and serum albumin values. No significant association was found between a patients BMI and their nutritional status and also observed that socioeconomical status had a impact on nutritional status.
THE AGE OF GEO-POLITICAL APES: OUTCOME FOR INDIA AND THE EMERGENCE OF ECONOMICS AS SUPREME
Authors:   G.S.College of Commerce & Economics, Nagpur., Arora Rashi
Published: July 2022

The recent war in Ukraine has led to the creation of a new world trade order. This article explores the emergence of a new trade world order post the ongoing war in Ukraine with nations changing their sails, which however may not be a sustainable option in the long run due to economic considerations. While the western nations led by the USA have imposed sanctions against trading with Russia, India is reticent on the same citing economic reasons. On the contrary, it is considering the situation as an opportunity to purchase low-priced oil from Russia to control inflation, narrow the countrys current account deficit and arrest the falling value of the rupee against the dollar. This research studies the pros and cons of this strategy for India and gives the reasons why India should opt for an alternative to its present-day dependency on Russia and other nations for its crude oil requirements.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS OF MEIBOMITIS - A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY, JHANSI
Authors:   M.S. Ophthalmology, Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Ophthalmology, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi (UP)., Kumar Jitendra , Gupta Archie ,   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi (UP).
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To study the clinical profile of patients of Meibomitis presenting to the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology at Maharani Laxmi Bai medical college, Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh Methods: This was a prospective observational study that involved 100 patients with meibomitis complaining of pain, redness, dryness, swollen eyelids, itching, burning, grittiness and photophobia and presented to MLB Medical College,Jhansi. Slit lamp examination was done in all the patients. Results:There were 58 males and 42 females and the age group taken was 30 to 80 years.10 patients belonged to the age group of 30 to 40 years, out of which 6 were males and 4 were females. 20 patients belonged to age group of 41 to 50 years, out of which 11 were males and 9 were female. 37 patients belonged to the age group of 51 to 60 years, out of which 21 were males and 16 were females. 26 patients belonged to age group of 61 to 70 years, out of which 16 were males and 10 were females . 7 patients belonged to the age group of 71 to 80 years, out of which4 were male and 3 were female.It is most common in males of 51 to 60 years age group. Most common presenting symptom was dryness seen in 42% patients, followed by itching in 26%, followed by grittiness in 16%, swollen eyelids in 4% patients and lastly photophobia in 9% Conclusion: meibomits or Posterior blepharitis (PB) is a common, chronic, and potentially sight-threatening eyelid and ocular surface disease and the disease tend to occur more commonly in males of age group between 51 to 60years. Most common is chronic form followed by acute form. Maximum patients presented with meibomian seborrhorea and rest with meibomianitis.
ROLE OF COMPETITION COMMISSION OF INDIA IN PROTECTING THE INTERESTS OF THE CONSUMERS
Authors:   Assistant Professor III, Amity Law School, Amity University Mumbai, Mumbai-Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Somathne, Panvel- 410206., Pawan Bansal Rita
Published: July 2022

Competition Act is a breed of anti-trust laws which are globally prevalent to protect the consumers at macro level, instead of micro level and also to protect the small and medium businesses from the abuse of dominant position of large enterprises or entities. Every government works towards protecting and safeguarding their consumers. At micro level, one has easy remedy. In case of any issue one can go to the service center and get the issue rectified if it is pertaining to purchase of a product and further can approach the Tribunal under Consumer Protection Act 2019. This protection or safeguard is at micro level. At macro level, business enterprises go to an extent that in the beginning it is difficult to assess the loss or the damage, but by the time one realizes, the damage is already caused. This is where, the Competition Act, 2002 comes to the rescue of the consumers by protecting them at macro level from the monopoly of big business enterprises, thereby favouring competition. The main aim of Competition Policy is to promote consumer welfare, and this can be achieved by setting minimum specifications and standards for safety for both goods as well as services. Moreover, all this can be achieved by establishing mechanisms to redress the grievances of consumers. To administer, implement and enforce the Competition Act, 2002, the Competition Commission of India (CCI)was established. CCI performs advocacy and advisory functionsapart from being a regulator of market in India. Key to consumer welfare is fair competition, which can be achieved through the purposes of the Competition Act, 2020 for protecting and promoting fair competition in the markets in India. The main aim of the research is focused upon the role of CCI and how it deals with the enterprises abusing their dominant position, thereby protecting the interests of the consumers.
Description of a clinical case of seronegative celiac disease in a 5-year-old girl
Authors: Kamilova A. T. , Azimova N. D. , Dustmukhamedova D. Kh.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Celiac disease is an immuno-mediated systemic disease, which is defined as intolerance to gluten and the corresponding prolamins in the mucous membrane of the small intestine in genetically predisposed children, and is characterized by the development of atrophic enteropathy. The seronegative form of celiac disease, in which serological markers are not determined, but the development of appropriate symptoms and the effect of gluten-free diet (GFD) is observed, still remains a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

Objectives. Analysis of a clinical case of a child with seronegative celiac disease (SNCD).

Results. The disease in a young child before the final diagnosis was severe due to chronic diarrhea and severe flatulence. The girl received outpatient treatment at the place of residence several times with a short-term positive effect, the condition worsened in dynamics: the child lost weight, stopped walking. At the age of 5, she was hospitalized in the gastroenterology department of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics, where, on the bases of normal values of antibodies to tissue transglutaminase and total IgA and IgG (анти-tTG IgA and G), changes in biopsies of the mucosa of the postbulary department of the duodenal bulb, characteristic of Marsh 3, and the presence of HLA DQ2, seronegative celiac disease was supposed to diagnose. The girl was prescribed GFD, symptomatic drug therapy was performed. The dynamics of the condition has improved. After 6 months, at the second visit, there were no gastrointestinal symptoms, physical development corresponded to age, what could help to confirm diagnosis of seronegative celiac disease.

Conclusions. This clinical case in a girl with a classic form of celiac disease and severe atrophy of the mucosa of the bulbous small intestine, HLA DQ2, was accompanied by normal values of анти-tTG and total IgA. Treatment of a gluten-free diet was very effective: the girl fully compensated for weight deficiency and laboratory tests.
Directive and guidance documents on the use of skin immunological tests for screening tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents: phthisiologist's review and comments
Authors: Ovsyankina E. S. , Panova L. V.
Published: July 2022

Skin immunological tests are the main method for detecting tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents. A Mantoux test with two tuberculin units (TU) PPD-L has been one of the most effective methods for detecting tuberculosis in the pediatric group over a period of many decades. The development of a new test - a recombinant TB allergen diagnostic test - has changed approaches to screening for tuberculosis infection in children. Today, both tests are used but with differentiation according to the age category of children (Mantoux test - from 1 year to 7 years, recombinant tuberculosis allergen - from 8 to 17 years). This approach was enshrined in the current directive and guidance documents in 2014. However, there is no single document that could serve as a desk book on this issue for a paediatric practitioner. Moreover, the article presents one of the most difficult issues that require knowledge of the relevant legislation and ability to conduct health education work on the part of the practitioners - the legal aspects of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis in children and adolescents in case of refusal of skin immunological testing. The low health and sanitary literacy regarding tuberculosis and its prevention in the population can also be viewed as a result of the use of mass media on the issue by non-professionals. It should be noted that some of the documents are published on the website of the Russian Society of Phthisiologists as guidance manuals and clinical recommendations, which are overlooked by practitioners of general medical institutions. The summation of directive and guidance documents on all issues of the use of skin immunological tests with comments is aimed at enhancing knowledge and, accordingly, the effectiveness of their use.
Experience of inhaled hypertonic saline use in pediatric pulmonology
Authors: Mizernitskiy Yu. L. , Novak A. A. , Shudueva A. R.
Published: July 2022

Impaired secretion and removal of mucus from the respiratory tract are important pathophysiological links in the development of several pulmonary pathologies: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic pulmonary fibrosis, etc. In the article, modern approaches to the use of inhaled hypertonic (3-7%) sodium chloride solutions in children with various recurrent and chronic bronchopulmonary pathologies are analysed. The combination of hypertonic sodium chloride solution and hyaluronic acid can minimize the unpleasant effects of hypertonic solution, such as irritating cough caused by the effect of salt on the cough receptors of the upper respiratory tract. At the same time, hyaluronic acid has unique water-retaining properties, therefore it plays an important role in regulating the fluid balance in the lung interstitium, moistens the airways, reduces bronchial hyperresponsiveness, decreases inflammation and destroys the biofilm associated with chronic infection. The use of nebulizer inhalations with a combination drug containing hypertonic sodium chloride solution and hyaluronic acid has proved to be successful in pulmonological pediatric practice. The authors have learned first-hand that this combination is highly efficient. The described clinical cases demonstrate the positive experience of inhaled use of the domestic combination drug of 3% hypertonic sodium chloride solution and hyaluronic acid in the treatment of preschool patients (5 years old) with the following diagnoses: recurrent bronchitis, primary ciliary dyskinesia (Kartagener's syndrome). This inhalation therapy helped not only to improve the rheological properties of sputum, quickly restore the bronchi to health, reduce signs of inflammation of the respiratory tract, but also generally improve the patients' breathing and quality of life.
Constipation in children in the practice of a pediatrician
Authors: Safina A. I.
Published: July 2022

Constipation in children is currently one of the major complaints that parents present at a pediatrician's appointment. The article discusses the issues of diagnosis and treatment of functional constipation in children based on the international and Russian clinical guidelines. The following are some major causes of constipation in young children. Constipation is most often caused by colon dyskinesia (hypo- and hypermotor disorders), impaired and painful bowel movement (spasm of the rectal sphincters, weakened smooth muscle tone, etc.) or a combination of these factors. In rare cases, the cause of constipation is organic disorders. Also, low parental socio-economic status, low educational level, depression, neuroticism, attitude of parents towards their children's upbringing such as being overprotective, and attitudes that promote high or low levels of autonomy, increase the risk of functional constipation. In addition, the article sets detailed factors leading to constipation in older children and adolescents. The pathogenesis of functional constipation is given, and the problem of psychological constipation is described. The outlined therapeutic approach includes dietary intervention, compliance with drinking water treatment, behavioural and drug therapy. The author presents its own experience of using sodium picosulfate to treat constipation in children. Constipation in children is a common problem, functional constipation accounts for 95% of cases, therefore in most cases they do not require clarifying diagnostic methods. Besides, you shouldn't forget about the possibility of organic pathology, malformations in young children. Constipation in children requires the timely administration of complex treatment.
Pimecrolimus in the clinical practice of a dermatologist
Authors: Sharova N. M. , Kukalo S. V.
Published: July 2022

Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are accompanied by the development of objective and subjective symptoms, which are manifested by erythema, edema, infiltration, accompanied by itching of varying severity. The goal of treatment of chronic skin diseases is resolution of objective symptoms and reduction of subjective complaints. Currently, the stages of treatment of varying degrees of severity of chronic dermatoses are defined. Topical glucocorticosteroids are traditionally used in treatment, which have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antiproliferative effect, but the presence of side effects limits their use. In clinical practice, topical calcineurin inhibitors are successfully used, which, along with topical glucocorticosteroids, have an anti-inflammatory effect, reduce the intensity of itching. This article discusses the possible use of pimecrolimus cream 1% in atopic dermatitis and chronic dermatoses (off-label): psoriasis, squamous lichen, rosacea, lupus erythematosus, focal scleroderma, vitiligo, mastocytosis. Pimecrolimus 1% is administered to patients of different age groups in areas with thin sensitive skin, increased resorption capacity, on mucous membranes. Long-term use of pimecrolimus 1% both as a monotherapeutic agent and in combination with other external medications is safe, allows to stop objective and subjective clinical symptoms of diseases, gives an opportunity to use it as a proactive therapy. Long-term clinical studies confirm the safety of the use and long-term use of pimecrolimus cream 1% in different age groups and at different lesion areas. The use of pimecrolimus in skin and mucosal lesions is very promising. Long study of the drug in various dermatoses in different age groups proves its effectiveness and safety.
Integrated Functional Sanitation Value Chain
Authors: Cookey Peter Emmanuel , Koottatep Thammarat , Gibson Walter Thomas , Polprasert Chongrak
Published: July 2022

The value chain (VC) system is a key way to address important sanitation technological and institutional gaps in production and service delivery and could constitute a natural platform for development actions and also serve as a market systems approach to improve access to safely-managed sanitation. It has been suggested that sanitation could boost local and national economies and global interconnections with a growing recognition that the private sector can play a bigger role in delivering the Sustainable Development Goal for sanitation, and help businesses understand value-added and product opportunities. This book proposes a pathway towards re-thinking the sanitation value chain (SVC) and suggests that it should cover all processes, activities and products of enterprises/actors in the sanitation supply chain that provide value-added services within each stage. Following the Regenerative Sanitation Principles, this book presents a new perspective to the SVC known as the ‘integrated functional sanitation value chain’ (IFSVC) to address operational functions within sanitation systems in combination with sanitation enterprises, operators and external actors that support the growth of the sanitation economy. The underlying premise of this book is that the IFSVC represents a new perspective that would have major social, environmental and economic implications for local, national, regional and global sanitation service delivery. It is hoped that researchers, business leaders, entrepreneurs, government officials and funders will find this book valuable, and be inspired and enabled to carry sanitation work forward in their own spheres of operation. The book gives several examples of encouraging developments, particularly in technical and business model innovation. It is our hope that this book will provide the stimulus for new learning and its application, particularly through cross-disciplinary and cross-sector partnerships that bring together all the skills and capabilities needed to deliver a fully effective IFSVC.

ISBN: 9781789061833 (print)

ISBN: 9781789061840 (eBook)

ISBN: 9781789061857 (ePUB)
Removal of Cu(II) by MgAl–OH LDHs/birch leaves composites prepared by ball-milling hydrothermal method and mechanism insight
Authors: Zhang Fengrong , Zhang Binghan , Han Dandan , Fang Shaokang , Wu Lishun , Hou Wanguo
Published: July 2022

Using Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 as raw materials, MgAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) modified from birch leaves were prepared by the ball-milling–hydrothermal method, denoted as LDHs/BL, and used for the treatment of wastewater containing Cu(II). The morphology, crystal shape, and specific surface area of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET-specific surface area analyzer. The results showed that the prepared LDHs/BL composites had good crystal shape, large specific surface area, and suitable pore structure. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to analyze the adsorption. The results showed that the adsorption conforms to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. Under the same adsorption conditions, the adsorption capacity of the LDHs/BL complex was higher than that of LDH, the removal efficiency of the former was 92%, and that of the latter was 68%. The adsorption mechanism includes metal precipitation and isomorphic replacement. More importantly, this study provides a green method to prepare LDHs. LDHs/BL composites are expected to be used as a new kind of environmental adsorbent for wastewater treatment. This work provides a new idea for the utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes.