bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Test and Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Mudcake and Length‐Diameter Ratio on the Bearing Capacity of Bored Cast‐in‐Place Piles
Authors: Xi Peisheng , Kan Mengxuan , Liu Yang
Published: October 2022

To study the effect of length‐diameter ratio and mudcake on the bearing capacity of bored cast‐in‐place piles, the indoor model test and finite element numerical simulation method were used to carry out the loading test of piles under different mudcake thicknesses (0 and 0.5 mm) and different length‐diameter ratios (10, 14, and 24). The variation law of pile top displacement, pile bearing capacity, pile axial force, and lateral friction resistance under the vertical load was analyzed. The results show that the larger the length‐diameter ratio of bored pile is, the more effectively the negative influence of mudcake around the pile on the settlement and end resistance of the pile is restrained, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile is improved. The research results have important scientific value and practical significance for understanding the influence of length‐diameter ratio on bearing capacity of bored cast‐in‐place piles.
Analysis of Diabetes Disease Risk Prediction and Diabetes Medication Pattern Based on Data Mining
Authors: Zhang Lindong , Liu Min
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus is the second most common disease after cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors. With the continuous acceleration of people’s living standards and life rhythm, the number of diabetic patients is rapidly increasing and showing a trend of youthfulness. A recent study found that 114 million adults in China have diabetes and have a high prevalence rate, but the awareness rate, treatment rate, and compliance rate are low. If diabetes is not treated and controlled in time, various complications will occur, such as cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and diabetic foot, which will not only have a great impact on the survival of the patient, but also cause a lot of pressure on the family and society. Therefore, prevention and control of diabetes is an important strategy to save medical resources and reduce medical costs. In this paper, we mainly read a lot of literature and accumulate some important theoretical knowledge to clarify the basic principles and methods of data mining and refer to the research results of other scholars to select a new combined algorithm model combining K-means algorithm and logistic regression algorithm to construct a prediction model of diabetes and explore the law of medication for diabetic patients based on this analysis.
Chai-Hu-San-Shen Capsule Ameliorates Ventricular Arrhythmia Through Inhibition of the CaMKII/FKBP12.6/RyR2/Ca2+ Signaling Pathway in Rats with Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Chen Longqing , Liu Rongzhen , Wang Weisong , Tang Congcong , Ran Junning , Huang Wei , Li Shuqi , Liu Jianhe
Published: October 2022

Ventricular arrhythmia is one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death, especially after myocardial ischemia. Previous studies have shown that Chai-Hu-San-Shen capsule (CHSSC) can reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias following myocardial ischemia, however, the mechanisms of it are unclear. In present study, we explored the mechanism of CHSSC ameliorates ventricular arrhythmia following myocardial ischemia via inhibiting the CaMKII/FKBP12.6/RyR2/Ca2+ signaling pathway. In vivo, a myocardial ischemia rat model was established and treated with CHSSC to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CHSSC. In vitro, we established an ischemia model in H9C2 cells and treated with CHSSC, KN-93, or H-89. Then, intracellular Ca2+ content, the expression of RyR2, and the interaction between FKBP12.6 and RyR2 were detected. The results showed that CHSSC could delay the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias and shorten the duration of ventricular arrhythmias. After myocardial ischemia, the intracellular Ca2+ content was increased, and CHSSC treatment mitigated this increase, down-regulated the levels of p-CaMKII, CaMKII, p-RyR2, and RyR2, and up-regulated the levels of p-RyR2 (Ser2808) and p-RyR2 (Ser2814). Co-immunoprecipitation showed an interaction between FKBP12.6 and RyR2, and CHSSC up-regulated the content of the FKBP12.6-RyR2 complex in ischemic cells. In conclusion, our study showed that CaMKII activation led to hyperphosphorylation of RyR2 (Ser2814) and RyR2 (Ser2808) during cardiomyocyte ischemia, which resulted in dissociation of the FKBP12.6-RyR2 complex, and increased intracellular Ca2+ content, which may contribute to the development of ventricular arrhythmias. CHSSC may reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias following myocardial ischemia through inhibition of the CaMKII/RyR2/FKBP12.6/Ca2+ signaling pathway.
Factors Affecting Social Science Students’ Career Choices: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Suhi Sadia Sharmin , Jabbar Md. Abdul , Farjana Fariha , Nasrin Nishad , Hossain Md. Tanvir
Published: October 2022

This web-based cross-sectional study aimed to investigate university students’ career choices and their determinants. Data were collected from four disciplines within the Social Science School at the Khulna University of Bangladesh. The findings from Pearson’s Chi-square revealed a significant association between career choice and age, sex, discipline, level of education, and socioeconomic status. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor solution, explaining the variance of over 50% and the overall reliability of α = 0.748. The findings from a multinomial logistic regression showed that older and male students had a lower likelihood of becoming teachers, while Sociology students were more interested in teaching. Furthermore, career choices were substantially influenced by students’ level of education, job quality, job prospect, and job motive. Considering the global demand for specific skills and knowledge, universities should revise their curricula, integrating the cognitive domain of students with practical knowledge-based education in order to widen the horizon of employment options for university graduates.
The Effect of miR-505-5p on Inhibition of Serum Uromodulin Ameliorates Myocardial Inflammation and Apoptosis Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion
Authors: He Dongsheng , Hu Jun , Lu Yuhai , Jia Weikun , Wei Minxue , Zeng Xiaofei , Wang Hong
Published: October 2022

Background. It has been found that miR-505-5p is closely related to cardiovascular metabolic risk factors. Nonetheless, there is little research analyzing miR-505-5p for its role as well as molecular mechanism in myocardial injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Methods. This work utilized quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) for detecting miR-505-5p and serum uromodulin (sUmod) levels. sUmod, interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, caspase7, caspase9, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Bax, and Bcl-xL expression was detected by western blot. Bioinformatics database was used for target prediction and miR-505-5’s target was determined by luciferase reporter gene assay. Results. Relative to sham group, sUmod was highly expressed within myocardial I/R injury (MIRI), whereas sUmod silencing significantly decreased the heart weight/body weight ratio, reduced serum myocardial enzymes expression, ameliorated I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis, and inflammation. TargetScan bioinformatics database and luciferase reporter genes confirmed that sUmod was miR-505-5p’s direct target gene, besides, miR-505-5p overexpression significantly improved the myocardial injury score, increased IL-10, decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 expression, decreased caspase7, caspase9, Bax expression, and increased Bcl-xL expression. More importantly, overexpression of sUmod abolished miR-505-5p overexpression’s role in I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis and inflammation. Conclusion. miR-505-5p can improve I/R-mediated myocardial apoptosis and inflammation by targeting sUmod. In this study, miR-505-5p is related to MIRI pathogenesis, which provides the new possible targeted therapy in patients with MIRI.
Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Induced Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis: A Case Report
Authors: Alrushaid S. , Alessa T.
Published: October 2022

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is an entity that has been described in the literature as a transient, symmetrical, flaccid paralysis, mainly affecting the lower limbs of patients with a current or previous history of hyperthyroidism. In most cases, Graves’ disease is the cause of hyperthyroidism. Contrast and iodine-induced TPP have been described in the literature, but only one case of intravenous contrast induced TPP has been reported. We report a case of TPP following administration of intravenous contrast for a computed tomography scan of the neck prior to lymph node excision. A 35-year-old Kuwaiti male with known Graves’ disease in remission until two months of his presentation, reported to the emergency room one early morning in December 2020. He sustained a fall from the stairs due to bilateral lower limb weakness, mostly proximal. The upper limbs were spared, and the patient did not experience any numbness or headache. His potassium was found to be 2.1 mmol/L and an electrocardiogram showed U waves and ST segment changes. He was initiated on 20 mEq of intravenous potassium chloride in 500 mL sodium chloride over one hour, following which his potassium approached normal and his weakness resolved. He was last known to be euthyroid in November 2019 but noted in October 2020 to be in the hyperthyroid state when thyroid function testing showed a thyroid-stimulating hormone of <0.005 (0.27–4.2 uIu/mL) and free thyroxine (T4) of 27.6 (7.8– pmol/L). In patients with known hyperthyroidism, more caution is required when iodine-containing substances are administered without proper evaluation of thyroid function.
Power Control of a Grid-Connected Doubly Fed Induction Generator Using H∞ Control and Kalman Filter
Authors: Mohammad Nezhad Aboozar , Tousi Behrouz , Sabahi Farnaz
Published: October 2022

A new control method for a grid-connected doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is proposed in this paper, which is robust against parametric uncertainty and measurement noise. In general, the DFIG controllers can be divided into two main groups: the rotor side converter (RSC) and the grid side converter (GSC) controllers. The parameters of a DFIG may deviate from their rated values due to the operating conditions. For this parametric uncertainty, a robust H∞ vector control (VC) is employed using the complex sensitivity approach. The design of the RSC controller has been carried out using the vector control strategy, and instead of proportional-integral (PI) controllers, a designed robust controller is used. One of the steps in vector control is the extraction of the measured currents to be used in the control equations. If the currents are polluted with noise, the system control will be impaired. Thus, using a Kalman filter is suggested to solve this problem. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then investigated using extensive simulations under various conditions. The obtained results confirm the efficient performance and robustness of the presented controller with model and measurement uncertainties.
HPLC Analytical Method Development and Validation of Gabapentin through Chemical Derivatization with Catechol as a Chromophore
Authors: Abualhasan Murad , Shraim Fairouz , Alawni Hiba , Hamdan Saba , Khaseeb Hadeel
Published: October 2022

Background. Gabapentin is a drug with anticonvulsant activity and has been widely used in the treatment of epilepsy. Gabapentin chemical structure lacks a chromophore which makes its absorption very low and hence complicates its analysis and reduces the sensitivity of the method. Adding a chromophore by chemical derivatization makes the drug easily identified and quantified at a much lower concentration using chromatographic analysis such as HPLC. Methodology. The derivatization of gabapentin was done by adding a chromophore to the structure by introducing an auxochrome group. Suitable coupling reagents were used to introduce catechol group to gabapentin. The analytical method has been developed using HPLC with UV/Vis detector. Moreover, the method was validated for parameters such as linearity, range, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. Result. The developed method adapted derivatization of gabapentin using catechol reagent measured at λmax 300 nm. The method used HPLC using mobile phase methanol water 50 : 50. The eluted peak of the derivatized gabapentin was separated from other used derivatization reagents. The analytical method showed to be a validated method, and all the tested validation parameters were within the accepted limits. The developed method was found to be linear (R2 = 0.9917), precise (RSD = 0.91) and accurate (% recovery = 105). Moreover, the developed method was sensitive with LOD (0.5

∗

10−6 mg/mL) and LOQ (1.5

∗

10−6 mg/mL). Conclusion. The developed method is simple and feasible with high sensitivity and selectivity. It can be applied in the analysis of gabapentin in different dosage forms and raw materials including active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). This research work can be continued in the future, and the developed method can be used for testing gabapentin in biological systems.
Empirical Studies on the Dynamic Relationship between Port Logistics and Marine Economic Development in Fujian Province
Authors: Miao Lin , Pan Wenjun
Published: October 2022

The marine economy in coastal areas has a great role in promoting social development, and efficient port logistics serves the high-quality development of the marine economy. There is a dynamic relationship of dependence, restriction, and mutual promotion between port logistics and marine economy, which has regional differences. Based on panel vector autoregressive model (PVAR model), the relevant panel data of Fujian Province from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed by using the Granger causality test, impulse response, and variance decomposition methods. The interactive relationship between port logistics and marine economic development was discussed, and development suggestions were put forward. The results show that the development level of port logistics in Fujian Province is low, the logistics supply cannot meet the needs of marine economy, the effect of port logistics is not significant, and the support ability for the development of marine economy is insufficient. On the contrary, the development of marine economy promotes the development of port logistics industry and the economic growth of logistics related industries, and the strong market demand promotes the further improvement of logistics supply capacity. On the whole, the two-way feedback effect between the indicators of logistics industry and the development of marine economy is weak. In the future, it is necessary to further increase the layout of port logistics network system, strengthen the support ability of port logistics to the development of marine economy, and promote the scale and quality of port logistics by relying on marine economy.
Designing a Component-Based Throttled Load Balancing Algorithm for Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Mekonnen Dawit , Megersa Alemayehu , Sharma Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Durga Prasad
Published: October 2022

Cloud services are accessed from different geographical locations where client migration or switching from one server to another based on the loads is a common phenomenon. One of the most critical challenges the cloud data centers face is managing the loads over geographically dispersed data centers and their virtual machines (VMs). VMs need to be balanced with the varied loads or dynamics of traffic. There are possibilities of the highest loads to be tolerated by the VMs over the cloud servers without crashing. Load balancing issues are managed by load balancing algorithms. Load balancing algorithms have varied issues of efficiency due to certain parameters like the capability of the lowest resource utilization, response time, higher overhead while checking the idle or normal nodes, and many others. Throttled load balancing algorithm manages loads of the virtual machines by dividing the virtual machines into two segments, that is, “available” and “free.” To do this, the throttled algorithm uses a single component to assign the virtual machines and other tasks. The throttled algorithm utilizes only the first VMs available, the next, and so on. These strategic issues most often degrade the performance of the applied load balancing algorithm. Such issues create a curiosity to enhance this algorithm’s performance for efficiently managing the dynamic loads of the cloud VMs. This research paper proposes a component-based throttled load balancing algorithm with VM reader, free VM holder, and free VM manager components. The VM reader component reads all available VMs. The free VM component holds free VMs temporarily until they are moved to the free VM manager component. For the performance test, the cloud analyst simulation tool was used. Based on the comparative analysis with the other five popularly used load balancing algorithms, the component-based algorithm’s performance is significantly enhanced. The proposed algorithm resulted in 325.30-microsecond response time and 27.12-microsecond processing time by the closest data center service broker policy. The newly proposed “component-based throttled load balancing algorithm” is found to be better than the existing throttled algorithm and the other five selected algorithms in terms of response time, processing time, and resource utilization.
Cooperative Driven Algorithm for Couzin Model Based Fish School by Multiple Predators
Authors: Cai He , Zhang Taiyuan , Gao Huanli , Long Jiahao , Wen Jiali
Published: October 2022

The predation of large school of fish by the cooperation of multiple predators of different species is one of the most marvelous scene in the sea. In this paper, we study how to drive the fish school to the surface of the sea by the cooperation of multiple predators. In particular, we have first proposed a modified Couzin model for the fish school, which, on top of the classic Couzin model, also takes into consideration the effect imposed passively by the predators. The basic idea for the driven algorithm is to drive behind the fish school to some delicate extent so that, on one hand, the fish school shall move towards the target region, and on the other hand, the fish school will not disperse and spread away. Moreover, if some fish strays away from the fish school, the predator will take actions to force it back which can greatly reduce the possibility for the fish school to split into multiple subgroups. Comprehensive simulation results are provided to validate the proposed algorithm.
Tongue Acupuncture for the Treatment of Poststroke Aphasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Shengping , Li Li , Jiang Rong , Ding Haoying , Xu Fei , Ge Lulu , Kuang Peng , Wang Zuhong
Published: October 2022

Objective. This review evaluated the efficacy of tongue acupuncture for the clinical treatment of poststroke aphasia. Methods. PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched from their inception to 1st June 2022. The dataset included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with tongue acupuncture for the treatment of poststroke aphasia. Data aggregation and risk of bias evaluation were conducted on Review Manager Version 5.4.1 and Stata16.0. The main outcome measures included the Aphasia Battery of Chinese (ABC), the Chinese Functional Communication Profile (CFCP), the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE), and clinical efficiency. Then, comparing the effectiveness of tongue acupuncture, tongue acupuncture combined with conventional therapies, conventional therapies with head acupuncture, language training, body acupuncture, and Jie Yu Dan. Results. A total of 20 studies with 1355 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatments, tongue acupuncture has a significant improvement in clinical efficacy score (MD = 1.25, 95% CI (1.09, 1.43),

P
=
0.001

) and CFCP of poststroke aphasia (MD = 39.78, 95% CI (26.59, 52.97),

P
<
0.00001

), but was not significant in improving ABC (MD = 5.95, 95% CI (2.85, 9.04),

P
=
0.06

). Compared to the conventional treatments, tongue acupuncture combined with conventional therapies promoted the ABC (MD = 11.48, 95% CI (2.20, 20.75),

P
<
0.00001

), clinical efficacy score (MD = 1.22, 95% CI (1.14, 1.30),

P
<
0.00001

), and CFCP score (MD = 29.80, 95% CI (19.08, 40.52),

P
<
0.00001

) of poststroke aphasia. Conclusion. This systematic review indicated that tongue acupuncture or tongue acupuncture combined with conventional treatments was an effective therapy for treating poststroke aphasia. However, stricter evaluation standards and rigorously designed RCTs are needed.
Current Status of Phage Therapy against Infectious Diseases and Potential Application beyond Infectious Diseases
Authors: Xu Hao-Ming , Xu Wen-Min , Zhang Long
Published: October 2022

Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in regulating the pathogenesis of human disease and maintaining health. Many diseases, mainly induced by bacteria, are on the rise due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Intestinal microorganisms include organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They play an important role in maintaining human health. Among these microorganisms, phages are the main members of intestinal viromes. In particular, the viral fraction, composed essentially of phages, affects homeostasis by exerting selective pressure on bacterial communities living in the intestinal tract. In recent years, with the widespread use and even abuse of antibacterial drugs, more and more drug-resistant bacteria have been found, and they show a trend of high drug resistance and multidrug resistance. Therefore, it has also become increasingly difficult to treat serious bacterial infections. Phages, a natural antibacterial agent with strong specificity and rapid proliferation, have come back to the field of vision of clinicians and scholars. In this study, the current state of research on intestinal phages was discussed, with an exploration of the impact of phage therapy against infectious diseases, as well as potential application beyond infectious diseases.
A Novel Missense WFS1 Variant: Expanding the Mutational Spectrum Associated with Nonsyndromic Low‐Frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Ma Jingyu , Wang Rongrong , Zhang Li , Wang Shanshan , Tong Shuqing , Bai Xiaohui , Lu Zhiming
Published: October 2022

Background. Nonsyndromic low‐frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFSNHL) is an uncommon form of hearing loss (HL) that typically affects frequencies at 2000 Hz and below. Heterozygous variants in the WFS1 gene at the DFNA6/14/38 locus are considered a common cause of LFSNHL. To date, 34 different pathogenic genetic variants have been reported to cause LFSNHL with seven of these variants identified in the Chinese population. However, limited reports are available on the association between WFS1 gene and LFSNHL. Here, we report a five‐generation Chinese family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of postlingual and progressive LFSNHL. Methods. Routine clinical and audiological examinations were performed on 16 affected and 7 healthy members in this family. The targeted next‐generation sequencing of 127 known deafness genes was performed to identify variants in affected individuals. Sanger sequencing were further employed to confirm the pathogenic variant identified. Results. A novel heterozygous pathogenic genetic variant c.2530G > T (p.Ala844Ser) was identified in the WFS1 gene in all patients of this family. The mutated Ala residue is evolutionarily conserved and cosegregated with HL. The variant was predicted to be deleterious by MutationTaster, PolyPhen‐2, LRT, and Fathmm software. Conservation analysis and 3D protein structure model indicated that the variant caused a structural change in the protein. Conclusions. Our present study identifies a novel heterozygous WFS1 variant associated with LFSNHL in a Chinese family.
Assessment on the Current and Future Performance of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit Service Using Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Debebe Getu , Asteray Belachew
Published: October 2022

Congestion and extended passenger waiting time are some of the key issues that the Addis Ababa Light Railway Transit service (AALRT) faces. Passengers waited an average of 14.33 minutes, resulting in congestion of passengers. This is why the study set the main objective to develop an optimization model for improving AALRT service. The study began by developing the characteristics of the data to evaluate the congestion problem as part of its approach to achieving this objective. Second, on the selected station, an optimization model was constructed. Then an alternate model has been created by evaluating the previous model’s performance. Finally, without expanding the system, the researcher evaluates its effective service life. Using a combination of queuing theory and Monte Carlo simulation approach, the study used case study research methodology by taking the most congested metro station in both corridors and directions of AALRT at peak hours. Primary data were collected from each station and the relevant authority, while secondary data were conducted from the literature. The finding indicates that the congestion rate of AALRT reaches up to 25.3% and the percentage of the extra capacity of the tramcar required up to 115%. Therefore, it was found that currently adding two single tramcars could reduce the waiting time up to 9.52 minutes and the congestion up to 99%. The new model indicates the company can improve the service by increasing the number of tramcars per hour and replacing single tramcars with double tramcars up to the year 2047 without expansion of the infrastructure.
Volatility Risk Premium, Return Predictability, and ESG Sentiment: Evidence from China’s Spots and Options’ Markets
Authors: Liu Zhaohua , Wang Susheng , Liu Siyi , Yu Haixu , Wang He
Published: October 2022

This study investigates the volatility risk premium on the emerging financial market. We also consider the expected return and ESG sentiment. Based on the SSE 50 ETF 5‐minute high‐frequency spots and daily options data from 2016 to 2021, we adopt nonparametric model‐free approaches to calculate realized and implied volatilities. And the volatility risk premium is constructed by subtracting these volatility series. We examine the relations between the volatility risk premium and future excess returns as well as ESG sentiment through multifactor specifications. We find that the volatility risk premium also exists in the Chinese market and is significantly negative. In addition, the statistically positive correlation between the volatility risk premium and aggregate returns is an outlier compared to the empirically negative pattern in developed markets. At last, ESG sentiment is positively associated with the volatility risk premium, especially the impact of environmental and social. This evidence supports the agency theory, which indicates that investors perceive ESG investments as waste resources in a short term and become potentially risky.
The Effects of Isolation Pile on the Ground Deformation due to a Deep Pit Excavation
Authors: Nie Guiping , Liu Ying , Lv Peilin , Ma Shaokun , Chen Zheng , He Xusheng
Published: October 2022

Pit excavation could inevitably introduce ground movement and threaten the safety of nearby existing high buildings, metro tunnels, or roads. To reduce ground movement and protect those existing structures against large deformation, isolation pile is widely used in engineering practices. A series of physical model tests was carried out to investigate the effects of isolation piles on the ground deformation induced by excavating a pit. Digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was employed to study the ground deformation and slip surface under different pile lengths and locations relative to the retaining wall. The results indicate that the ground deformation and the shear band in the ground are less affected by the existence of a pile if the isolation pile’s end is above or slightly extends beyond the slip surface. In contrast, if the isolation pile extends beyond the slip surface sufficiently, even though the ground movement behind the pile is reduced, the settlement of the soil between the pile and retaining wall would be enlarged. Meanwhile, the horizontal deformation shows an arching shape along the depths and has a noticeable value in the middle section of subsoil. The ground deformation behind the isolation pile shows dependence on the pile’s horizontal displacement, regardless of the pile’s length and location. An empirical model is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of isolation piles on settlement protection. The comparison of the prediction and the results from tests and FEA shows a reasonable agreement.
Effectiveness of Prophylactic Bolus Ephedrine Versus Norepinephrine for Management of Postspinal Hypotension during Elective Caesarean Section in Resource Limited Setting: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Desalegn Mitiku , Shitemaw Tewoderos , Tamrat Habtamu
Published: October 2022

Background. Spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section is the preferred technique since it provides better maternal safety and neonatal outcome compared to general anaesthesia. Hypotension is the most common complication after spinal anaesthesia. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of a prophylactic bolus dose of norepinephrine and ephedrine on the management of postspinal hypotension during caesarean section. Method. An institutional-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 84 pregnant women undergoing elective caesarean section. Based on the responsible anaesthetist’s postspinal hypotension management plan, patients were divided into two groups. Those patients who received ephedrine are grouped into the ephedrine (EPH, n = 42) group, and patients who received norepinephrine are grouped under the norepinephrine group (NE, n = 42) by data collectors. After aseptic technique, spinal anaesthesia was administered with 0.5% (3 ml) bupivacaine using a 23G spinal needle. During spinal anaesthesia, a prophylactic bolus dose of 10 mg (2 ml) EPH or 16 g (2 ml) NE was given based on management plan of the shift anaesthetist. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), the heart rate (HR), number of boluses of vasopressor used, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and the Apgar score of babies at 1 and 5 min between the groups were recorded. Results. The norepinephrine group had a statistically significant higher MAP compared to the ephedrine group in the first 10 and 15 min (

p
<
0.05

) of the study period. Thereafter, there was no statistically significant difference in MAP between the groups until the end of the study period (

p
>
0.05

). The ephedrine group had a statistically significant higher heart rate throughout the procedure compared to the norepinephrine group (

p
<
0.05

). The norepinephrine group required a lower bolus number of vasopressors compared to the ephedrine group to maintain blood pressure. The Apgar scores of all babies at 1 and 5 min were above seven. Significant differences regarding maternal complications (nausea and vomiting) between the groups were not detected (nausea,

p
=
0.21

and vomiting,

p
=
0.092

). Conclusion. Norepinephrine can be used instead of ephedrine to keep a pregnant mother’s blood pressure stable during a caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia without causing harm to the mother or baby. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05522088 (Date of registration: 30/08/22).
Factors That Guide the Diagnosis and Treatment Planning for Impacted Canines Using Three-Dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hasan Hasan Sabah , Elkolaly Mohamed A. , Elmoazen Ramy , Kolemen Ayshan , Al Azzawi Arkan Muslim
Published: October 2022

Objective. Impacted canines are one of the significant challenges in orthodontics that should be appropriately assessed to provide the best treatment to the patients. Materials and Methods. In the present study, 57800 patients were examined over six years to investigate the prevalence, diagnostic procedures, and treatment methodologies for impacted canine cases. Prevalence and diagnosis were tested using history taking, clinical examination, and three-dimensional cone-beam radiographs. The cases were tested for impaction site, gender, age, signs, and symptoms. The groups were classified for impaction location according to Mupparapu’s classification. Result. The causative factors and the treatment methodology selected were plotted according to age and gender distribution. The total prevalence was 3.9% of canine impaction cases in relation to the total sample cases. The results showed a strong correlation between the site of impaction toward the upper arch and with distribution following Mupparapu’s classification. The pain was the most detectable complication in all age groups, while root resorption was the least. Conclusion. Most of the younger age groups were sent for exposure and orthodontic traction, while the mid-aged groups elected for observation, and follow-up as their primary concern was esthetics. However, the adult patients were into exposure and traction to improve their function.
The Regulatory Effect of Firm Size on Digital Transformation: An Empirical Study of Pharmaceutical Companies in China
Authors: Luo Xiaowen , Yu Shun-Chi
Published: October 2022

Digital transformation (DT) has been a key way for pharmaceutical companies to enhance innovation and R&D capabilities, improve product quality, reduce costs, and create competitive advantages. The external environment factors and the internal conditions’ factors are the main factors affecting the DT of pharmaceutical companies. This research aimed to probe the effects of the external environment factors, the internal conditions’ factors, firm size, and control variables on the DT of pharmaceutical companies based on synergetics. Purposive sampling and snowball sampling were used in this research. In addition, this research collected 395 valid data from Chinese pharmaceutical companies through online questionnaires. This research used quantitative analysis, and SPSS and Amos software were applied to data processing analysis. The results of structural equation modelling (SEM) and regression analysis showed that the external environment factors and the internal conditions’ factors had a significantly positive correlation with the DT of pharmaceutical companies, and the effects of the internal conditions on the DT of pharmaceutical companies were greater than that of the external environment. In addition, firm size positively moderated the relationship between the external environment, internal conditions, and the DT of pharmaceutical companies. The results of this research not only can provide theoretical reference for scholars but also put forward implementation suggestions of DT for Chinese pharmaceutical company managers.
Evaluation of College Students’ Classroom Learning Effect Based on the Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Li Deming , Dai Xuefei , Wang Jianxing , Xu Qun , Wang Yong , Fu Tianyou , Hafez Ali , Grant Joshua
Published: October 2022

With the advent of the digital society, the amount of information we face will increase exponentially, which will challenge our level of educational knowledge, so we begin to pay attention to the effect of education and teaching in the context of digitalization. The purpose of this paper is to study the evaluation of students’ classroom learning effect based on the neural network algorithm and scientific objectivity. Assessment and other principles are to create an assessment system for students’ learning outcomes in the classroom. The system includes three first-level indicators, including first-level indicators and their weights. By selecting a university to test the system, the results show that the system can quantitatively evaluate the learning outcomes, and the corresponding scores and grades can be obtained through the formula. After adjusting the parameters of the hidden layer nodes, the BP elastic gradient algorithm is used to complete the evaluation model generation. The training error results show that the target curve and the output curve almost coincide, and the error curve is also between −0.2 and 0.5. Therefore, the learning outcome score obtained by the BP neural network based on the principal component factor data is basically consistent with the given learning outcome score.
Reduction of Vibrations in Long‐Span Continuous Girder Bridges with Pounding Tuned Mass Dampers
Authors: Yao Juncheng , Zhou Hekuan , Zhu Jiahua , Huang Liang , Xu Jianguo , Li Weiguo
Published: October 2022

Earthquakes often cause bridges to vibrate to different degrees; moreover, in the case of poor road conditions, the vibration amplitude of bridges caused by vehicles often exceeds a reasonable range, thus causing different degrees of damage to bridges. Therefore, this article studies the vibration reduction effect of the pounding tuned mass dampers (PTMD) on long‐span continuous bridges under earthquake and vehicle loads. The PTMD used in this study can reduce the vibration in both lateral and vertical directions. The PTMD provides a stronger vibration dampening effect compared to the TMD since it increases collision to use energy. The LS‐DYNA software is used for numerical modeling to optimize the parameters of the PTMD and to determine the size and installation position of the PTMD. Then, the bridge is subjected to two recorded ground motions, and the bridge response with and without the PTMD is compared and analyzed, which shows how PTMD might lessen bridge vibration in its transverse direction. To assess how efficiently the PTMD dampens vibrations induced by vehicle loads on bridges, a vehicle/bridge/PTMD system is simulated using a refined vehicle model. The findings demonstrate that the PTMD may significantly lessen the bridge’s lateral and vertical vibration while enhancing driving comfort. Thus, this research study is of great significance for vertical and lateral vibration control of long‐span continuous girder bridges.
A Bibliometric Perspective on AI Research for Job-Résumé Matching
Authors: Rojas-Galeano Sergio , Posada Jorge , Ordoñez Esteban
Published: October 2022

The search for the right person for the right job, or in other words the selection of the candidate who best reflects the skills demanded by employers to perform a specific set of duties in a job appointment, is a key premise of the personnel selection pipeline of recruitment departments. This task is usually performed by human experts who examine the résumé or curriculum vitae of candidates in search of the right skills necessary to fit the vacant position. Recent advances in AI, specifically in the fields of text analytics and natural language processing, have sparked the interest of research on the application of these technologies to help recruiters accomplish this task or part of it automatically, applying algorithms for information extraction, parsing, representation, and matching of résumés and job descriptions, or sections within. In this study, we aim to better understand how the research landscape in this field has evolved. To do this, we follow a multifaceted bibliometric approach aimed at identifying trends, dynamics, structures, and visual mapping of the most relevant topics, highly cited or influential papers, authors, and universities working on these topics, based on a publication record retrieved from Scopus and Google Scholar bibliographic databases. We conclude that, unlike a traditional literature review, the bibliometric-guided approach allowed us to discover a more comprehensive picture of the evolution of research in this subject and to clearly identify paradigm shifts from the earliest stages to the most recent efforts proposed to address this problem.
Numerical Analysis of the Mechanical Responses and Transition Section Design of Pavement Structures in the Entrance and Exit Sections of Highway Tunnel
Authors: Zhao Xueying , Shen Aiqin , Ma Baofu
Published: October 2022

The entrance and exit sections of a tunnel are subject to different environments, pavements, and traffic conditions, which is quite different from the average highway, and it should be considered differentially, when designing pavement structures. However, there are no clear regulations on it in Chinese specifications. Over the years, a lot of studies were carried on the entrance and exit sections of a tunnel, but there are few ones on the pavement design and its mechanical response characteristics. In this paper, the Huangjiayu tunnel and the Yangkou tunnel in Shandong province were taken as case study engineerings and their pavement structures in the entrance and exit sections are referred to as Str‐1 and Str‐2, respectively. In Str‐1, asphalt pavement was applied inside and outside the tunnel and a transition section was applied. In Str‐2, asphalt pavement was applied outside the tunnel and concrete pavement was applied inside the tunnel when it was built in 2004 and a transition section was not applied. Meanwhile, 7 alternative pavement structures (referred to as Str‐1a∼Str‐1g), in which the lengths of transition sections were different, were proposed, simulated, and analyzed through FE program ANSYS. Through the analysis of maximum shear stresses in asphalt courses and tensile stresses at the bottom of base courses, it was found that setting a transition structure is essential, and it can ensure the continuity of pavements and significantly reduce the sudden change of shear stress of asphalt layer and thus prevent premature pavement distresses. Hence, Str‐1 is more reasonable compared with Str‐2. Besides, it was also found that when the asphalt surface outside the tunnel is designed to be three layers, it is more appropriate to use Str‐1, in which the concrete slab in the transition structure has variable cross section, and the length of the concrete slab is 4.5 m. When the asphalt surface outside the tunnel is designed to be two layers, Str‐1b is more reasonable and the length of the concrete slab is also 4.5 m.
Estimation for Parameters of Life of the Marshall‐Olkin Generalized‐Exponential Distribution Using Progressive Type‐II Censored Data
Authors: Elshahhat Ahmed , Muse Abdisalam Hassan , Egeh Omer Mohamed , Elemary Berihan R.
Published: October 2022

A new three‐parameter extension of the generalized‐exponential distribution, which has various hazard rates that can be increasing, decreasing, bathtub, or inverted tub, known as the Marshall‐Olkin generalized‐exponential (MOGE) distribution has been considered. So, this article addresses the problem of estimating the unknown parameters and survival characteristics of the three‐parameter MOGE lifetime distribution when the sample is obtained from progressive type‐II censoring via maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Making use of the s‐normality of classical estimators, two types of approximate confidence intervals are constructed via the observed Fisher information matrix. Using gamma conjugate priors, the Bayes estimators against the squared‐error and linear‐exponential loss functions are derived. As expected, the Bayes estimates are not explicitly expressed, thus the Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques are implemented to approximate the Bayes point estimates and to construct the associated highest posterior density credible intervals. The performance of proposed estimators is evaluated via some numerical comparisons and some specific recommendations are also made. We further discuss the issue of determining the optimum progressive censoring plan among different competing censoring plans using three optimality criteria. Finally, two real‐life datasets are analyzed to demonstrate how the proposed methods can be used in real‐life scenarios.
Optimization and Evaluation of the Quercus infectoria Galls Thermosensitive In Situ Gel for Rectal Delivery
Authors: Arkin Abdulaziz , Elham Aliya , Anwar Arfidin , Kalimanjiang Gulina , Iminjan Mubarak
Published: October 2022

Quercus infectoria galls (QIGs) have a long history of treating ulcerative colitis (UC). The aqueous extract of QIG has an anti-UC effect. However, QIG’s enema is easy to leak, and the action time and dose of the drug cannot be controlled well. Thus, QIG is inconvenient to use. This study aims to screen and prepare an optimized thermosensitive in situ gel with slow release and retention. Taking the transition sol-gel temperature (Tsol-gel) as the investigation index, the Box-Behnken design response surface method (BBD-RSM) was used to optimize the dosages of Poloxamer 407 (P407), Poloxamer 188 (P188), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). Moreover, three formulations were selected, and the in vitro release rates were further optimized. The optimized rates of P407, P188, and HPMC were 24.07%, 1.22%, and 0.60%, respectively, and Tsol-gel was 32.8°C ± 0.4°C. The cumulative release of gallic acid in the gel conformed to the first-order kinetic equation, and gallic acid was released entirely within 24 h. In addition, the morphological and chemical characterization of thermosensitive in situ gel demonstrated that excipients did not affect the characteristic functional groups of QIG and that the surface of the QIG gel had a porous and loose structure. Rheological methods showed that the QIG thermosensitive in situ gel was fluid at low temperature and semisolid at gelation temperature. Therefore, the prepared gel was sensitive to temperature and had slow-release, local retention properties.
[Retracted] A Meta‐Analysis of the Differences in Serum Lipid Levels between Pregnant Women with Hypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy and Nonhypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Yong , Pei Yonghong , Li Na
Published: October 2022

Background. Although a lot of research work has been done on the etiology and pathogenesis of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy at home and abroad, the exact etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still uncertain so far. Aims. Systematic review of meta‐analysis of differences in serum lipid levels between pregnant women with hypertensive disease complicated with pregnancy and nonhypertensive disease complicated with pregnancy. Materials and Methods. PubMed, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index (SCI), Cochrane, Springer, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and other databases were used to retrieve published literature and evaluate the included literature according to the quality evaluation method of medical literature introduced by the Cochrane Collaboration. A systematic review of the included studies was performed by meta‐analysis. Results. We included 9 articles that documented total bile acids and D‐dimers. In the heterogeneity test (P < 0.05, I2 = 100% > 50%), it was considered that the study was heterogeneous, so sensitivity analysis was used, the fixed‐effect model was replaced, and the results were not significantly different after each item was excluded. Reliably, the difference was statistically significant (Z = 7.32, P < 0.001). In the TG metaheterogeneity test,P < 0.05,I2 = 99% > 50%, to explore the source of heterogeneity and conduct sensitivity analysis and switch to fixed‐effect model, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in TC between hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and nonhypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (P > 0.001). Conclusion. D‐dimer, total bile acids, and glycopyrrolate were highly expressed in the sera of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy dyslipidemia.