bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consignment Inventory System and Entrepreneurial Survival in Lagos State
Authors: Dr. Ovharhe Orugba Harry , Dr. Ahunanya Valentine , Boma Dr. Woko Emmaunel
Published: August 2023

This study investigated consignment inventory system and entrepreneurial survival in Lagos State. The study adopted cross-sectional survey and quasi-experimental method. With the aid of accidental sampling technique andproportionate stratified random sampling technique, the total population of 98 and sample size of 83 was determined using Slovin's Formula at 0.05 level of significance. The 83 copies of questionnaire were administered, only 72 was deem fit after processing, retriever, coding and cleansing. The Split-half method of reliability accompany with Spearman Brown Prophesy formula. Two research questions and two hypotheses were raised which was tested with parametric measurement using Pearson Product Moment Correlation because of its monotonic function via SPSS 25 version. From the findings, consignment inventory system aligned corporate bond with innovation and adaptability. Hence, inventory control strongly correlates significantly entrepreneurial survival. Hence, it was revealed that the alternate hypotheses were accepted. It could be recommended that employee at all level should be train on innovative skills on how to control inventory in the long run and short run. The consciousness on the philosophy of survival should be the spirit of leadership in the enterprise.
Capítulo 3 - Dor oncológica
Authors: Attanasio Dévaki de Araujo Cruz , Campos João Paulo Ramos
Published: August 2023

Dor é uma queixa comum entre os pacientes oncológicos e praticamente todos eles vivenciarão pelo menos um episódio de dor na vida, seja no pós-operatório, após procedimentos invasivos como biópsias ou até mesmo por complicações do tratamento e da doença
Capítulo 5 - Hipercalcemia maligna
Authors: Cardoso Flávia da Cruz , Andrade Anna Flávia Brant
Published: August 2023

A hipercalcemia é um distúrbio eletrolítico relativamente comum em pacientes portadores de doença oncológica, sendo uma das principais causas de internação. A presença de hipercalcemia maligna em pacientes com tumores sólidos ou hematológicos está relacionada com pior prognóstico
MicroRNA for the early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus: literature review
Authors: Martínez Altamirano Joselyn Lissette , Romo López Ángel Geovanny
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a glucose metabolism disorder of multiple etiology, representing more than 90 % of diabetes cases around the world. Current studies have proposed microRNAs (miRNAs) as possible early biomarkers of the disease.Objective: review the literature on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in the early detection of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: comprehensive searches of scientific databases were carried out and nine studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. These studies examined the expression profiles of specific miRNAs and their utility as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Results: they revealed that certain miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-122, miR-148b-3p, miR-27a-3p and miR-135, showed significant changes in their expression in patients with T2DM and prediabetes compared to healthy individuals. These miRNAs were also associated with key metabolic processes, such as the regulation of insulin signaling, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Conclusions: these findings support the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and management of T2DM and prediabetes. However, further research is required to validate and better understand the clinical relevance of miRNAs in these metabolic diseases
Two-stage bilateral subthalamotomy for patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Solomon Cardona María Teresa , Gallo Rodríguez Julián Leonardo , Ricardo de la Fé Yordanka , Piñera-Castro Hector Julio , Tejeiro Amador Juan , Macías González Raúl José
Published: August 2023

Introduction: in the world there is sufficient experience with functional surgery for Parkinson's disease using the subthalamic nucleus approach, but mainly with the use of deep brain stimulation. Less experience exists in the use of ablative methods. Objective: to evaluate the therapeutic effect, refinement in surgical target localization and safety of bilateral subthalamic subthalamotomy in two surgical times for the treatment of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study at CIREN (Havana, Cuba) between January 2018 and December 2020, in 10 patients. Variables related to general characteristics of patients and surgeries, therapeutic effect of the procedure, refinement of surgical target localization and safety of surgeries were analyzed. Results: the motor condition of the patients improved (p < 0,0001) both in the off stage (70,9 %) and on stage (74,7 %). Target localization refinement reduced the number of paths (5,3 ± 2 vs. 3,4 ± 0,5, p = 0,03) and surgical time (87,6 ± 40,7 min vs. 53,6 ± 13,5 min, p = 0,01). A total of 10 adverse events occurred. Conclusions: the procedure used has a beneficial and safe therapeutic effect on the motor condition of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The refinement of the localization of the surgical target allows a reduction in the number of paths and the surgical time
PREVALENCE OF TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI IN BACKYARD MAMMALS FROM A RURAL COMMUNITY OF YUCATAN, MEXICO
Authors: Ruiz-Piña Hugo Antonio , Gutiérrez-Ruiz Edwin , Escobedo-Ortegón Francisco Javier , Rodríguez-Vivas Roger Iván , Bolio-González Manuel , Ucan-Leal Dianelly
Published: August 2023

Trypanosoma cruzi the causative agent of Chagas disease, can be found in more than 150 different species of domestic and wild mammals in the American continent. Domestic mammals like dogs, and commensal rodents, have been frequently implicated as hosts and/or reservoirs in the domestic and peridomestic cycle of transmission, however, little attention have been paid to backyard mammals as potential maintaining hosts of T. cruzi in the peridomicile. In the present work, we reported the first data of prevalence of infection with T. cruzi in the backyard mammals of households in a rural community of Yucatan, Mexico. A total of 84 animals, including swine, sheep, horses, cattle and rabbits, were sampled. Blood samples were collected and processed for DNA extraction of parasite and analyzed by PCR technique. From all animals tested, 75% of the pigs (21/28), 85.71% of the sheep (6/7) and 100% of the horses (8/8), were positive for T. cruzi. Cattle (28) and rabbits (13) were negative. The results obtained constitute an important preliminary evidence to implicate backyard mammals as potential maintaining hosts of T. cruzi in the peridomestic habitat of rural communities in Yucatan.
DIGESTIÓN RUMINAL E INTESTINAL DEL MAÍZ (Zea mays) Y SORGO (Sorghum bicolor L. MOENCH) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES TÉCNICAS DE DIGESTIBILIDAD (IN VIVO, IN VITRO E IN SACCO)
Authors: Gonzalez Garcia Ulises A , Corona-Gochi Luis , Estrada Flores Julieta G , Amesquita Abarca , Gonzalez Ronquillo Manuel
Published: August 2023

The knowledge of the digestibility of the food is basic to establish its nutritive value and bioavailability of the nutrients. Numerous laboratory tests have been used to estimate the ruminal and intestinal digestion of the food such as in vitro (Gas and Daisy production) and in sacco, to be compared with the in vivo method. Sorghum presented the highest (P <0.01) starch content, while the NDF was higher (P <0.01) for maize, the DDM was similar (P = 0.93) for both cereals, CP digestion was higher (P <0.01) for maize, whereas for rumen non-degradable protein and intestinal degradable protein, no differences (P> 0.05) were found between grains. With regard to the digestibility methods, the DMD was lower (P <0.01) for in vivo than the rest of the methods, the digestion of the CP in both rumen and intestine was higher (P> 0.01) for the in sacco and in vitro methods (Daisy). The production of VFA's was similar for both cereals. In situ and in vitro techniques (DaisyII®) allow the determination of digestibility quick and easy compared to conventional methods. Sorghum grinding improves its nutritional value by increasing its digestibility, which represents an alternative to maize for feeding calves for fattening.
SUMINISTRO DE ENSILAJE DE Tithonia diversifolia SÓLO O MEZCLADO CON AFRECHO DE YUCA EN LA DIETA DE POLLOS DE ENGORDE
Authors: Betancourt Jaime Andrés , Nuñez Luz Andrea , Castaño Gastón Adolfo
Published: August 2023

Tithonia diversifolia and cassava bran are two food resources that noted for their protein and energy levels, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response performance of broilers fed diets containing T. diversifolia silage alone or mixed with cassava bran. We used 150 females chickens, which were housed in 15 pens and each pen was assigned to the treatments according to a randomized experimental design. The treatments consisted of three diets that were supplied to birds between 35 and 56 d of age: a control where the birds were fed only concentrate and two other treatments in which the birds were supplied concentrate of control treatment and additionally offered T. diversifolia silage either alone or mixed with cassava bran. Silage supply did not affect live weight at 56 d of age, but resulted in a reduction in concentrate consumption (P<0.05) and the carcass weight (P<0.05). It was concluded that T. diversifolia silage can be used to decrease the consumption of concentrate, but is necessary to carry out a proper habituation to avoid decrease in dry matter intake.
HERBAL METHIONINE (METHIOREP®) IMPROVES GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS WITHOUT AFFECTING CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND BLOOD INDICES
Authors: Makinde O.J. , Ajibade A.J. , Omotugba S.K. , Tumburawa M.S. , Ibe E.A. , Opoola E. , Zaccheaus O.S.
Published: August 2023

Methiorep®, an herbal methionine premix, which is reported to contain herbal ingredients that mimic the activity of Methionine such as SAMe (S-Adenosyl Methionine) and phosphatidyl choline, have recently introduced to Nigeria animal feed industry. An experiment was conducted with 120, one-week-old broilers to evaluate the effect of herbal methionine (methiorep®) as substitute for synthetic methionine on growth performance of broiler chickens. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated and Diet 1 (control), comprised of 0.25% methionine (NRC, 1994) while diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 comprised of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% Methiorep® as substitute for methionine in the diets. The birds were randomly allocated to five experimental treatments, each treatment was replicated three times with eight birds per pen in a completely randomized design. The study lasted 49-days. The results of growth performance revealed that body weight gain, average feed intake and feed conversion ratio at both starter and finisher phases were not  influenced by dietary treatments (P>0.05). However cost per kg feed decreased as the level of Methiorep® increased in the diets (P<0.05). The results of blood profiles and carcass characteristics were not influenced (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments. It was concluded that Methiorep® can completely substitute for Methionine in the diets of broiler chickens without adverse effect on growth performance, blood profiles and carcass yield of birds.
THE CURSE OF LOW SOIL FERTILITY AND DIMINISHING MAIZE YIELDS IN SEMI-ARID KENYA:CAN PIGEONPEA PLAY SAVIOUR?
Authors: Kwena Kizito Musundi , Ayuke F.O. , Karuku G.N. , Esilaba A.O.
Published: August 2023

Little research has been conducted in Kenya to ascertain and exploit the ability of pigeonpea  to improve soil fertility and increase cereal yields. An experiment was conducted at Katumani Research Centre between 2009 and 2013 to evaluate the effects of pigeonpea on soil fertility and productivity of maize cropping systems in semi-arid Kenya. The experiment was established as a split-split plot design with sole and intercrops of maize and pigeonpea varieties drawn from three maturity groups and three crop residue application rates as the treatments. Results showed that intercropping maize with pigeonpea reduced (p ≤ 0.05) soil organic carbon and total soil N from 1.4 and 0.2 % in 2009 to less than 1 and 0.1 %, respectively, in 2013. Intercropping maize with long duration pigeonpea and ploughing back 4 t ha-1 of crop residues had no significant effect on available P. However, it increased (p ≤ 0.05) available P from 26 ppm at the start of the study to 50 ppm and 47 ppm in eight seasons under maize-Mbaazi I and maize-Kat 60/8 intercrops, respectively. Exchangeable K, Mg and Ca also declined significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Intercropping maize with long duration pigeonpea and ploughing back 4 t ha-1 of crop residues offers the best option since it gave higher maize (1.9 t ha-1) and pigeonpea (1.4 t ha-1) grain yields per season and sufficient crop residues to feed the livestock and plough back to improve soil fertility.

 

 

 
CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARACHNIDS IN THE YUCATAN PENINSULA, MEXICO (EXCLUDING ARANAE AND ACARI)
Authors: Delfin Gonzalez Hugo , Meléndez-Ramírez Virginia , Manrique-Saide Pablo C. , Martin-Park Abdiel , Arisqueta-Chablé Carlos
Published: August 2023

The Chelicerata are the second group of arthropods with the highest diversity after insects and they can inhabit almost all types of environments. The most current classification recognizes 11 orders and estimates in the number of species vary from 52,000 to 100,000. We have made an extensive literature review on the diversity of arachnids in the Yucatan Peninsula (YP) (excluding spiders and ticks). In Mexico there are 834 known species which represent 6% of the worldwide diversity. In the YP 63 records were found (58 species and 5 genera) of arachnids, which represent 6.8% of the Mexican species. According to our research, 28 of the 58 species (48%) in the YP were also record in other parts of Mexico, the continent and the world. Undoubtedly, the state of Yucatan is the best represented of the YP. In order to have a better understanding of the diversity of arachnid species is important to promote biological compendiums and sampling programs, which will improve the representation of this group and probably increasing the number of local species.
SHEEP FETAL GOITER: STUDY CASE IN MEXICO
Authors: Vara Ignacio Dominguez , Salazar-Garía Félix , Montes-de-Oca-Jiménez Roberto , Medina-Torres Imelda , Vicente-Martínez Jorge Genaro , Pinos-Rodríguez Juan Manuel
Published: August 2023

In a small-scale sheep flock located in the State of Mexico with eight ewes and one stud, four ewes had clinical signs of endemic goiter, two aborted fetuses were used for a diagnostic study. In fetuses, thyroid gland samples were used for histopathological evaluation, and liver, heart, kidney and skeletal muscle samples were used to measure selenium. In the ewes the blood serum profile of thyroid hormones was measured by ELISA test. In fetuses there was an increment of thyroid gland size (6-8 cm), firm consistency and red intense color, as well as scarce fleece and subcutaneous edema; there were hyperplasia and hypertrophy of follicular cells of thyroid, with cube-like aspect, diffuse expanded, irregular shape and distension with presence of vacuoles and abundant eosinophilic colloid. The selenium concentrations in liver and kidney of fetuses were low (0.25 and 0.90 ppm). In ewes, the thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) contents were deficient (0.48±0.08 and 4.14±0.29 µg dL-1) and the ratio (T4:T3) was very broad (1:8.6 µg dL-1). It is concluded that the lambs suffered from colloidal goiter; thyroid hormones concentrations in ewes were low and confirmed a thyroid metabolism altered; additionally goiter may be aggravated by selenium deficiency.
EVALUACIÓN DE DOS AUXINAS EN LA INDUCCIÓN DE CALLO EMBRIOGÉNICO EN VITROPLÁNTULAS DE Agave tequilana WEBER VARIEDAD AZUL
Authors: Espino Alejandro Angeles , Sánchez-Mendoza Leticia , Dimas-Estrada H.E. , Ramirez-Alvarado D. , Gomez-Leyva J.
Published: August 2023

Agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. azul), it is commonly known as “Agave Azul Tequilero”. The Agave crop is an economically important of Mexico because employers in field and industry, in addition it is the ingredient for tequila, a distilled spirit drink. The objective of this research was to evaluate two auxins with three concentrations to embryogenic callus induction and somatic embryos obtention from vitroplantlets of A. tequilana. Treatments were two auxins ANA & 2,4-D in three concentrations: 2, 3 & 4 mg L-1 in Murashige and Skoog media. Embryogenic callus induction, globular, maturation embryos and plant conversion were evaluated. Statistics differences were present in embryogenic callus induction and development globular embryos between auxins and concentrations. The mostly callus induction, globular and development embryos was present in 3 mg L-1 concentration in both auxins. Maturation and plant conversion did no show statistic difference. An external auxins is required for the induction of embryogenic callus, and the behavior is related with concentration. Regression confirms positive behavior between embryogenic callus induction, globular embryos and maturation.
ANÁLISIS MORFOANATOMÍCO FOLIAR EN GRUPOS HORTÍCOLAS DE AGUACATE (Persea americana) DEPOSITADOS EN LA COLECCIÓN DEL INIA-CENIAP, VENEZUELA
Authors: Ferrer Pereira H. , Raymúndez M. B. , Pérez-Almeida I.
Published: August 2023

The avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is the most important species of Lauraceae in America due to its exploitation as food for pre-Columbian and modern cultures. It is a very important seasonal crop in Venezuela based on a perennial fruit tree management. From a selection of 76 accessions (45 cultivars) of avocados cultivated at the Germplasm Bank of INIA-CENIAP, a morphoanatomical analysis was performed to identify attributes of taxonomic resolution (diagnostic characters) which allow to characterize sets and / or culta. Morphological study was carried out from each accession herborized sample. Information was obtained by freehand transverse leaf sections (epidermis, mesophyll and midvein) as well as paradermic preparations, and observed data was recorded in DELTA System. New morphoanatomical characters and discriminating attributes between cultivars were identified and described, especially to discriminate the Mexican group, and a close relationship within West Indian and Guatemalan cultivars was observed due to the variability identified from the latter group. Indument- related attributes were highly informative to discriminate among cultivars, along with the outline, apical angle and projections at the base of the leaf blades, stem cross section and presence of anise odor, progress and joining of the secondary nerve branches, tertiary venation pattern, abaxial contour and thickness of the sclerenchymatous sheath and compaction of the phloem in the vascular bundle, adaxial contour of the median nerve, and thickness, outline and uniformity of the anticlinal walls of adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells. 
EVALUATION OF TOLERANCE TO VEGETATIVE ANTRACNOSIS OF NEW MANGO GERMPLASMS IN MEXICO
Authors: Monteon Ojeda Abraham , Peréz Rodriguez Amado , Mora Aguilera José Antonio , Sandoval Islas José Sergio , De Leon García De Alba Carlos , Hernandez Castro Elías , Vasquez Lopez Alfonso
Published: August 2023

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) is one of the most important diseases of mango (Mangifera indica L.) due to its wide distribution in the world and to induce severe epidemics in the vegetative and reproductive stages, causing important production losses. The objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance to C. gloeosporioides infection in the vegetative stage of eleven new mango cultivars in Mexico with potential in the export market. Leaves of 15 days old of development were inoculated with the Gro isolate highlighted in virulence. Based on the incubation, period, incidence and severity, "Alphonse", "Neelum", "Kesar and Ivory” cultivars were low susceptibility, “Nam Doc Mai”, “Rosygold”, “Cotaxtla” were highly susceptible, and "Fairchild", "Ataúlfo Diamante", "Ataúlfo Zafiro" and "Mallika" had medium susceptibility. The longer incubation periods determined the lowest severity (r2= -0.89 and -0.90) and incidence (r2= -0.77 and -0.85). The incidence correlated positively with severity (r2= 0.86 and 0.92), both inoculation techniques (DLT and ALT) were useful to induce typical symptoms of anthracnose and to estimate the expression of virulence (incubation period, incidence and severity) of the pathogen.

 

La antracnosis (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.) es una de las enfermedades más importantes del mango (Mangifera indica L.) debido a su amplia distribución en el mundo y por inducir severas epidemias en etapas vegetativas y reproductiva que conllevan a importantes pérdidas de producción. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la tolerancia a la infección por C. gloeosporioides en etapa vegetativa de once nuevos cultivares de mango en México con potencial en el mercado de exportación. Se inocularon hojas de 15 días de desarrollo con el aislamiento virulento Gro. Basándose en los períodos de incubación, incidencia y severidad, los cultivares "Alphonse", "Neelum", "Kesar e “Ivory" presentaron baja susceptibilidad, "Nam Doc Mai", "Rosygold", y "Cotaxtla" fueron altamente susceptibles mientras que  “Fairchild”. “Ataúlfo Diamante”, “Ataúlfo Zafiro” y "Mallika" exhibieron susceptibilidad media. Los períodos de incubación más largos determinaron la menor severidad (r2 = -0.89 y -0.90) e incidencia (r2 = -0.77 y -0.85). La incidencia se correlacionó positivamente con la gravedad (r2 = 0,86 y 0,92), ambas técnicas (DLT y ALT) de inoculación fueron útiles para inducir síntomas típicos de antracnosis y para estimar la expresión de virulencia (período de incubación, incidencia y severidad) del patógeno.
EVALUACIÓN DEL IMPACTO EN LA PRODUCTIVIDAD Y RENTABILIDAD DE LA TECNOLOGÍA TRANSFERIDA AL SISTEMA DE BOVINOS DE DOBLE PROPÓSITO DEL TRÓPICO MEXICANO
Authors: Espinosa Garci­a Jose Antonio , Veléz Izquierdo Alejandra , Cuevas Reyes Venancio , Góngora González Sergio Fernando , Vazquez Gómez Raymundo , Rivera Maldonado Justo Alberto
Published: August 2023

The objective is to evaluate the impact on productivity and profitability of use of technological practices nutrition, reproduction, feed, health, enterprise management and management of the milking, promoted by the technical assistance received by the producers of the BDP system in the tropics of Mexico. 206 monthly information on production units (UP) dual purpose cattle was analyzed in the states of Campeche, Colima, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Veracruz who received technical assistance and training livestock during fiscal years 2011 and 2012 was captured stratification was obtained technological producers applying multivariate methods, with the resulting groups indicators milk production were estimated per cow per day (PLVD), daily weight gain (GDP), profitability (Re) and unit costs of milk (CUPL) and meat (CUPC) to assess the impact of technology through a univariate analysis and test averages. Two types of producers were identified: 1) low technological level (76%), which apply on average 33% of innovations; 2) intermediate technological level (24%), which use on average 66% of innovations. By comparing the productive and economic variables of the two types of producers, it was found that those who use more innovations get more milk production, 8% more profitability and save $ 1.42 per kg of meat produced. It is concluded that by applying more components related to animal nutrition, herd health and production unit management improves the profitability and productivity of BDP producers.
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF Jatropha curcas MEAL AS A REPLACEMENT FOR FISH MEAL IN DIETS OF JUVENILE NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Puello Cruz Ana Carmela , Ordoñez-Rosas M.L. , Garcia-Ortega A. , Angulo-Escalante M.A. , Almazan-Rueda Pablo , Doninguez-Jimenez V.P.
Published: August 2023

Fish meal is still the main protein in feed formulations, unsustainable development and overfishing practices reduce captures since last decade. An increasing demand for high quality feed for aquaculture force the evaluation of new protein sources. Jatropha curcas meal was used in a 45 day feeding trial at five different inclusion levels ranging from 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% as a substitute for fish meal in the diets of Nile tilapia juveniles. Both growth and feed efficiency were evaluated. It was found that tilapia fed 0% Jatropha curcas meal inclusion were significantly heavier and larger while treatments containing 30% inclusion gave the best survival. However, digestibility decreased as inclusion levels increased.  The juveniles accepted all the different diet inclusions and presented normal behavior. Gross energy and crude lipid contents were significantly higher for Jatropha curcas meal than for fish meal and soybean meal. Amino acids and fatty acids content of Jatropha curcas meal were acceptable, thus suggesting its feasibility as an alternative plant ingredient for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Better results could be achieved by standardizing lipid extraction and treatments to increase the digestibility of Jatropha curcas meal. This study contains novel information on developing strategies that provide alternative protein sources in tilapia feed formulation.

 
SOIL ORGANIC CARBON LEVELS IN SOILS OF CONTRASTING LAND USES IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Okebalama Chinyere Blessing , Igwe Charles , Okolo Chukwuebuka
Published: August 2023

Land use change affects soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in tropical soils, but information on the influence of land use change on segmental topsoil organic carbon stock is lacking. The study investigated SOC levels in Awgu (L), Okigwe (CL), Nsukka I (SL), and Nsukka II (SCL) locations in southeastern Nigeria. Land uses considered in each location were the cultivated (manually-tilled) and the adjacent uncultivated (4-5 year bush-fallow) soils from which samples at 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm topsoil depth were assessed. The SOC level decreased with topsoil depth in both land uses. Overall, the SOC level at 0-30 cm was between 285.44 and 805.05 Mg ha-1 amongst the soils.  The uncultivated sites stored more SOC than its adjacent cultivated counterpart at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth, except in Nsukka II soils, which had significantly higher SOC levels in the cultivated than the uncultivated site. Nonetheless, at 20-30 cm depth, the SOC pool across the fallowed soils was statistically similar when parts of the same soil utilization type were tilled and cultivated. Therefore, while 4 to 5 years fallow may be a useful strategy for SOC stabilization within 20-30 cm topsoil depth in the geographical domain, segmental computation of topsoil organic carbon pool is critical.
DESARROLLO DE UN SISTEMA EFICIENTE DE REGENERACIÓN VEGETAL in vitro PARA CINCO VARIEDADES ÉLITE DE Lolium multiflorum Lam
Authors: Gómez-Torres Luisa Marina , Moreno-Gómez Blanca , Velásquez-Lozano Mario Enrique , Aguado-Santacruz Gerardo Armando
Published: August 2023

The response to in vitro tissue culture of five commercial annual ryegrass cultivars, namely ‘Magnun’, ‘Bargala’, ‘Tetragold’, ‘Hercules’ and ‘Maximus’, was evaluated. Morphogenic callus induction and plant regeneration capacity were assessed in shoot apices cultured on six media formulations that included Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with casein hydrolyzate and different concentrations of 2,4 phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 1 or  2 mg L-1), benzylaminopurine (BA; 2 or 4 mg L-1) and adenine (40 or 80 mg L-1). Two morphological kind of calli were observed: one of them friable and regenerable and the other watery without regeneration capacity. The highest morphogenic callus formation (37 % in ‘Tetragold’ and ‘Hercules’ varieties vs. 58 % and 65 % in ‘Maximus’ and ‘Magnun’, respectively) was achieved using 2D4B80A medium (2 mg L-1 2,4-D, 4 mg L-1 BA and 80 mg L-1 adenine). On the other hand, the highest number of regenerated plants per g-1 fresh weight (FW) of morphogenic callus was 48.71 for ‘Magnum’ shoot apices cultured on 2D4B40A medium (2 mg L-1 2,4-D, 4 mg L-1 BA and 40 mg L-1 adenine). Regenerated plants grew in soil under greenhouse conditions reached maturity and subsequently produced seeds. The results obtained in this study confirm the suitability of using the shoot tips of Lolium multiflorum as starting material when cultured on the formulation media developed in this study.
RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ABORTION AND CALF PREWEANING MORTALITY IN A BEEF CATTLE SYSTEM IN SOUTHEASTERN MEXICO
Authors: Segura-Correa Jose C. , Segura-Correa Víctor M. , Magaña-Monforte Juan G. , Aké-López Jesús R.
Published: August 2023

Data from 2438 calvings born to 682 cows recorded from 2004 to 2015 in an extensive production system were used, to investigate factors associated with abortion and calf mortality until weaning. Cows belonged to Brahman, Nellore, Guzerat and Brown Swiss x Zebu breed groups. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, and the statistical model included the effects of year and season of calving (or abortion), parity number, breed group of the cow and sex (only for preweaning mortality). Abortion rate was 0.99% varying from 0.61% to 1.94% among year groups. First parity and Nellore cows had the greatest abortion rates (1.66 and 1.46%, respectively). The calf mortality rate was 9.65%, varying from 3.18% to 14.65% across all years. The major factors associated (P < 0.05) with mortality of calves included year and season of calving, parity number and breed group of the cow. Nellore cows had the highest odds of preweaning mortality (OR=4.41). Cow parity number and season of calving were also associated with calf mortality. First parity cows had the major calf losses overall. In conclusion, closer attention to the management of first parity cows could reduce calf mortality.
NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY OF LEGUME PODS FROM SEVEN TREES SPECIES PRESENT IN THE TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST
Authors: Ortiz-Domínguez Gabriel , Ventura-Cordero Javier , González-Pech Pedro , Torres-Acosta Juan F.J. , Capetillo-Leal Concepción M. , Sandoval-Castro Carlos A.
Published: August 2023

The pods of trees from tropical deciduous forest are relevant in the dry season due to their high availability. Whole pods from seven plant species Acacia pennatula (Schltdl. & Cham.) Benth., Caesalpinia gaumeri (Britton & Rose) Greenm., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth., Mimosa bahamensis Benth., Piscidia piscipula (L.) Sarg. and Senegalia gaumeri (S. F. Blake) Britton & Rose which are reported as consumed by small ruminants were evaluated. Their nutritional value, phenolic compounds, in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) with and without the inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were evaluated. The pods from P. piscipula showed the highest crude protein content. The pods of L. leucocephala, C. gaumeri, and A. pennatula resulted with the highest IVDMD (46.3 and 44.5%), IVOMD (44.8 and 45.4%) and ME (6.8 and 6.7 MJ) (P<0.05). The phenolic compounds were not detected in C. gaumeri, L. latisiliquum and S. gaumeri pods. The IVDMD, IVOMD and ME of L latisiliquum and P. piscipula pods (P<0.05) was lower when PEG was added. Pods from A. pennatula, C. gaumeri and L. leucocephala showed acceptable nutritional value for their use as supplement for ruminants.
COMPARACIÓN DE MARCOS DE EVALUACIÓN DE AGROECOSISTEMAS
Authors: Tonolli Alejandro Javier , Ferrer Gonzalez César Sergio
Published: August 2023

The formulation of the concept of sustainability indicates the need to consider in a integral and global way the productive processes, as well as, the obtaining of sustainability measures. In this way lists of indicators and characteristics that they should have were made. Concepts, criteria and methodologies were then proposed to select / derive / build indicators that define the sustainability indexes or that were part of different sustainability evaluation frameworks. In Latin America, systems have been developed to evaluate agroecosystems with an unequal degree of conceptualization and rigor, and also with different criteria. Since these systems have been fairly analyzed in their conceptual phase as well as in their applied phase, in this article we propose to compare the "Framework for the evaluation of natural resource management systems incorporating sustainability indicators" (MESMIS) and the framework "Evaluation of agroecosystems through sustainability indicators", looking for similarities and differences between them, in order to highlight their advantages and limitations. As a general conclusion it is stated that none of the two frameworks presents in general, overcoming characteristics. However, the systemic approach present in the MESMIS framework gives it greater heuristic power.
LOW AVAILABILITY OF EFFICIENT FUNGICIDES FOR RICE BLAST CONTROL IN LOWLAND RICE CULTIVATION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Ogoshi Claudio , Carlos Filipe Selau , Ulguim André Da Rosa , Zanon Alencar Junior , Bittencourt Carolina Roberta De Campos , Almeida Roberson Diego de
Published: August 2023

Rice cultivation is fundamental to Brazil's economy, which is the largest grain-producing country outside the Asian continent. However, several factors harm sustainable rice production, including diseases incidence. The blast is the major rice disease, and annually, losses caused by this disease would be sufficient to feed millions of people. Due to the complexity in rice blast management, fungicide application has been most used by rice growers, however, despite the high number of registered fungicides, is questioned the real efficiency in field conditions. This work aimed to analyze the effectiveness of fungicides in rice blast control and grain yield maintenance in irrigated rice. Experiments were carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 crop seasons, at the Rio Grande do Sul Rice Experiment Station located in Cachoeirinha city, RS, Brazil. We tested the efficiency of nine fungicides registered in Brazil with different target sites for rice blast control. The analyzed variables were the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) in leaves; neck blast incidence; panicle blast severity and grains yield. In general, only the tricyclazole and trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole fungicides were efficient in rice blast control with direct reflection on grain yield. 
ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum) TO SALINITY AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN SCREENHOUSE, CAMEROON
Authors: Tabot Pascal Tabi , Mbega Sanama Nathalie , Tchapga Ngandjui Frank-Junior
Published: August 2023

Irrigated agriculture under fertilization is a practice that can ensure food security but has the unintended consequence of secondary salinization of arable land. There is the need to forecast production in this increasingly saline environment. An experiment of 4x4 factorial was carried out in screenhouse in Cameroon, to test the responses of potato to salinity under nitrogen fertilization. Plants were grown over two months and standard growth and physiological measurements taken and analysed. Results showed that in conditions of increased sediment salinity up to 12 ppt, tuber yields were greatly suppressed, and did not respond to fertilization. Plants grown under freshwater irrigation had higher root:shoot ratio and tuber development. Plants irrigated with freshwater had higher water use efficiency (WUE), irrespective of whether they were fertilized or not; WUE decreased as salinity increased. Photosynthetic efficiency dropped in all treatments. Under freshwater conditions, potato plants present a more efficient physiology that ultimately results in better growth and tuber development. Our results are significant for future potato farming under increasing sediment salinity. In areas where potato is produced, measures should be taken to prevent or reduce the rate of sediment salinization. If this is not done, in future alternate farmlands would be needed, but arable land is already very limited globally.
NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION AND BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF MASHUA (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón)
Authors: Guevara-Freire Deysi Alexandra , Valle-Velástegui Luciano , Barros-Rodríguez M , Vásquez Carlos , Zurita-Vásquez Hernán , Dobronski-Arcos Jorge , Pomboza-Tamaquiza Pablo
Published: August 2023

The objective of this revision is to collect information about the chemical and nutritional composition and the bioactive components of mashua; an economically important tuber in the Andean region. This tuber has a high content of bioactive compounds (total phenols, Flavin 3-ols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanins, carotenoids, triterpenes, steroids, flavones and leucoanthocyanidins) which confers it with therapeutic and medicinal properties that have allowed it to be used since pre-Hispanic times, which has elicited a peak in scientific interest in recent years. Recent studies have reported the efficient use of mashua in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, cancer, as well as chelating properties in metallic ions to remove peroxyl radicals. However, other studies find evidence of negative effects caused by the tuber due to the presence of thiocyanates that when releasing hydrocyanic block oxygen transportation in red blood cells, whilst tannins diminish voluntary feeding of poly-gastric animals, reducing digestibility and productivity. On the other hand, the bioactive components and nutritional composition of the tuber are high in relation to various Andean tubers and certain fruit that have demonstrated an important scientific contribution in medicine and industry
ENTOMOFAUNA DIVERSITY IN SUNFLOWER CROP IN ASSOCIATION WITH ATTRACTANT PLANTS
Authors: Manobanda Maribel , Vasquez Carlos Luis , Pérez-Salinas Marco
Published: August 2023

The objective of the research was to determine the effect of the association of the sunflower crop with attractive crops on the diversity and abundance of the entomofauna at the Experimental Farm Querochaca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Tecncia de Ambato (UTA), Ecuador. Samplings of insects visiting sunflower were made at 8:30; 11:30 and 14:30 h during three months. The insects were separated by morphotypes and posteriorly identified to family or when possible to species level using taxonomic keys. Specimens belonging to Diptera and Hymenoptera were sent to the J.M Osorio-UCOB Entomological Museum (Venezuela) for identification. The different morphotypes were separated by their feeding habit as predators, phytophagous, parasitoids and pollinators. A total of 379, 1065 and 396 insects were collected when the sunflower seeded alone, in association with Vicia and Chinese cabbage, respectively. In general, the entomofauna composition was similar in the three cropping systems in which it was found that the highest number of families collected corresponded to insects of predatory habit (11), phytophagous (5), pollinators (4) and parasitoids (2) (p<0,001). Diptera showed greatest diversity of families (14), followed by Homoptera (3) and Hymenoptera (3), whereas only two families from Coleoptera and one from Hemiptera were collected. A positive correlation was observed between insect numbers and temperature in sunflower + Vicia (r = 0.9144, p <0.00), sunflower + Chinese cabbage (r = 0.9548, p <0.00) and sunflower alone (r = 0.9204, p <0.00). According using attractive plant species in association to sunflower promoted higher insect diversity, including pollinator and natural enemies species, which could be profited to increase crop productivity, however, more detailed studies are required to establish its impact.
PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES AND RISK FACTORS TO BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA IN NON-VACCINATED DAIRY CATTLE FROM SOUTHERN ECUADOR
Authors: Herrera-Yunga Vanessa , Labada Jorge , Castillo Fredy , Torres Andrea , Escudero-Sanchez Galo , Capa-Morocho Mirian , Abad-Guaman Rodrigo
Published: August 2023

The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of antibodies and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in non-vaccinated dairy cattle at the South of Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was carried out to identify risk factors for BVDV infection in 394 randomly selected dairy cows from 75 farms, which were tested for antibodies in milk samples using a commercial Kit ELISA (IDEXX). Epidemiological survey was conducted to determine the risk factors and signs associated with BVDV. Results of this test revealed that the BVDV herd prevalence was 63.5% and the BVDV individual prevalence was 27%. The utilization of artificial insemination (AI) was significantly associated with BVDV status (P > 0.001) where the use of AI increased 2.35 the odds of BVDV positivity (95% CI: 1.46 – 3.38). The cows with clinical signs (diarrhoea, abortions, and ocular and nasal discharge) were not predominantly positive to BVDV antibodies.
Otorrinolaringología General Vol. 3
Authors: Yagual Mosquera Mairobi Concepción , Heredia Bucay Daniela Roxana , Encalada Ortiz Carlos Alejandro , Coello Merino Jenny Antonella , Costa Pin Karla Tatiana , Chuquimarca Mendoza Joseph Isrrael , Morales Ortiz Daniel Alberto
Published: August 2023

"Otorrinolaringología General Vol. 3" es un libro esencial en el campo de la otorrinolaringología, dirigido tanto a especialistas como a estudiantes de medicina. Este volumen completa una exhaustiva serie dedicada a la otología, la rinología y la laringología, proporcionando una comprensión profunda de las enfermedades y trastornos que afectan el oído, la nariz y la garganta.
Guía Esencial de Medicina Interna en el Primer Nivel de Atención Tomo 4
Authors: Tigrero Contreras Dr. Armando , Cuvi Armijo Erika Arlette , Vera Espinoza Andreina Lilibeth , Guaman Leon Karina Eliseth , Sarango Coronel Maryuri Guicella
Published: August 2023

"Guía Esencial de Medicina Interna en el Primer Nivel de Atención Tomo 4" es una obra fundamental para médicos y profesionales de la salud que trabajan en la atención primaria. Este cuarto tomo de la serie es una continuación de un recurso valioso que abarca una amplia gama de temas de medicina interna.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONAL INFORMATION SERVICES AND SELF-EFFIICACT STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 22 JAMBI
Authors: Walindarahma Sri Annisa Walindarahma
Published: August 2023

Self-efficacy is the belief in an individual's ability to succeed in carrying out a particular task and this ability influences the belief in trying and maintaining it. Where self-efficacy can be influenced by personal information services including personal goals, achieving developmental tasks, socializing with the environment and adapting to the environment. The purpose of this study was to find out how the relationship between personal information services and the self-efficacy of SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City students. This research is a quantitative study using a correlation approach with Pearson product moment correlation analysis. The population in this study were students of class VII SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City. The sampling used random sampling technique with a total of 52 students. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire which had 22 items on personal information service variables and 20 items for self-efficacy. The data analysis techniques used were the normality test, linearity test and correlation analysis test. The results showed that there was a relationship between personal information services and the self-efficacy of students at SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City with the result that the percentage of personal information services was 83% and the results of the analysis of the percentage of self- efficacy was 74.2%. And the results of the correlation analysis show that there is a significant relationship between the personal information service variable and student self-efficacy with a value of 0.443 which is in a moderate correlation or adequate relationship.
EVALUATION OF TEACHER ASSESSMENT CAPABILITIES THROUGH MULTI-STAGE ADAPTIVE TESTING
Authors: Habib Syarifah Eva Surya
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study is to assess MSAT (MULTI-STAGE ADAPTIVE TEST) performance of 21 Teachers and was carried out at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 9 Nagan Raya, with the research subjects being Madrasah teachers and performed with three cycle tests. In accordance with the assessment results, the average score increased from pre-cycle to cycle I to cycle II, where the pre-cycle observation average score only reached 6.4 while in cycle I it reached 11.4, indicating that the teacher's ability to the assessment process using the multi-stage adaptive testing (MSAT) application is good. Cycle II then received a score of 15.8, indicating that the teacher's proficiency in the assessment process utilizing the multi-stage adaptive testing (MSAT) application was excellent.
Splenic Mass in a Dog : A case of splenic hematoma in a dog
Authors:   The Korean Society for Veterinary Nursing, Sohn Boo-Yong
Published: August 2023

Tumors of the spleen often occur in middle-aged dogs and can range from benign to malignant. Maltese, a 13-year-old neutered dog, visited the hospital with several vomiting and loss of appetite that lasted intermittently for about 2 months. There was no problem with the dog's consciousness, walking was normal, and mandibular and popliteal lymph nodes were normal in size and no abnormality was observed. Ultrasonography revealed a mass in the spleen, and the spleen was removed through splenomegaly. Histological examination concluded that the spleen was a hematoma. The hematoma is 6 × 6 × 6 cm in size, and histologically, it is not encapsulated inside the spleen parenchyma, but a nodule with clear borders is formed. The inside of the nodule is mostly composed of red blood cells, dilated blood vessels, and macrophages containing hemoglobin. It is identified as a hematoma originating inside the spleen.
Clinical Features and Histopathologic Examination of Lentiginosis Profusa in a Dog
Authors:   The Korean Society for Veterinary Nursing, Kang Min-Hee
Published: August 2023

An 5-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog was presented due to a gradually developing hyperpigmented spot at the ventral abdomen, around lips, interdigital space and paws. The skin lesions appeared 2 years ago and gradually increased the numbers. The skin condition was generally dry on presentation, and several hyperpigmented macules and patches were detected. Except for the hyperpigmented skin lesions, other physical examinations and dermatological examination results were non-remarkable. Based on the history and clinical examination results, the genetic dermatological disease, lentigo was highly suspected. Skin biopsy and histopathologic examination were performed to rule out other pigmentary skin disease including tumor. The histopathologic examination revealed epidermal hyperplasia, melanocytic hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis. The dermatologic signs and histopathologic results were compatible with lentiginosis profusa. Canine lentiginosis profusa predominantly occurs in mature dogs and is generally considered a benign condition. While it is primarily a cosmetic concern, it is essential to distinguish it from other hyperpigmentation-related diseases.