bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opioid-prescribing Trends and Determinants in Saudi Emergency Rooms for Acute Pain: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Alsharari Abdulrahman Jadid , Althubaiti Aseel Fahad , Sulaiman Lama Mohammed , Aldosari Hamdan Saeed , Alqubaysi Atheer Ibrahim , Alrais Mmdoh Mohammad Farhan , Alqarni Ali Mohammed , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The global rise in musculoskeletal disorders, especially in emergency medical settings, has led to increasing concern about opioid-prescribing practices. This study, set in the unique cultural and healthcare context of Saudi Arabia, aims to comprehensively analyse the factors influencing opioid prescribing in emergency departments. By delving into the intricacies of how patient demographics, pain severity, healthcare provider backgrounds and situational factors impact these practices, the research seeks to fill a critical knowledge gap. It positions itself within the existing literature as a vital contribution to understanding and improving pain management strategies in acute care settings, with a focus on the judicious use of opioids.

Methods:

This study employed a cross-sectional design conducted across various regions of Saudi Arabia, spanning from August to October 2023. It included a representative sample of 2110 participants, comprising patients who had received opioids in emergency departments and healthcare providers involved in opioid prescribing. The convenience sampling technique was utilised to select participants. Structured questionnaires, designed to capture comprehensive data on variables such as demographics, pain severity and prescribing behaviours, were employed. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 28.0, focusing on descriptive statistics to provide a clear picture of the opioid-prescribing patterns and the influencing factors.

Results:

The results of this study unveiled a complex and varied landscape of opioid prescribing in Saudi emergency departments. Key findings highlighted the influence of patient demographics, with notable variations in prescribing practices based on factors such as age, gender and location. The severity of pain and the backgrounds of healthcare providers were also found to significantly affect prescribing decisions. These results demonstrate the diverse factors at play in opioid prescribing, suggesting a need for more individualised and context-aware pain management approaches in emergency medical settings.

Conclusion:

The study provides crucial insights into the nuanced nature of opioid prescribing in Saudi Arabian emergency rooms, emphasising the need for more informed and patient-specific approaches to pain management. The findings advocate for enhanced educational initiatives for healthcare providers and patients, aiming to standardise opioid-prescribing practices and improve patient outcomes. This research significantly contributes to the field by offering a detailed understanding of the factors influencing opioid prescribing, thereby guiding future healthcare policies and clinical practices in the realm of acute pain management.
Rehabilitation practices during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An international survey
Authors: Leite Victor F. , Oza Sonal , Parke Sara C. , Barksdale Toure , Herbert Aliea , Bansal Vishal , Jeon Jae Yong , McCourt Orla , Morishita Shinichiro , Aljurf Mahmoud D. , Fu Jack B. , Ngo-Huang An
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective

Rehabilitation therapy plays an important role in treating physical and functional impairments observed in individuals undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). This study assessed the rehabilitation practices implemented in the HSCT population internationally.

Materials and Methods

A 48-question online survey comprising questions soliciting information regarding patient characteristics, therapy details (timing, indication, and administering providers), outcome measures, and precautions were developed by an international group of cancer rehabilitation physicians. As reported by European registries, surveys were administered to personnel providing care to patients receiving HSCT at cancer centers, which comprised the top 10% of HSCT volume. In addition, emails were sent to National Medical Societies and registries in the Latin America, Asia, and Pacific regions.

Results

Forty-three institutions from 18 countries responded to the survey. Half of the centers provided referrals for rehabilitation therapy at the time of admission. Referrals were provided for functional decline (84.5%), risk of falls (53.3%), and discharge planning (42.2%). Rehabilitation therapies were administered by physical therapists (93.0%), occupational therapists (34.9%), therapy aides (14.0%), and speech-language pathologists (11.6%). Approximately 95% of the surveyed centers used objective functional measures such as sit-to-stand (46.5%), grip strength (46.5%), and 6-min walk/gait speed (both 34.9%). The blood counts were monitored to determine the appropriateness of the therapy modalities.

Conclusion

Rehabilitation practices varied internationally; however, most centers provided skilled therapy during hospitalization for HSCT, utilized objective and patient-reported outcomes, and monitored blood counts to determine the safety of administering therapy.
A flow cytometric approach to compare stem cell apoptosis in aplastic anemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Ibrahim Medhat , Khodeary Ashraf , Aziz Shereen P. , Mahmoud Mahmoud G. , Abdel-Baset Asmaa A. , Mohamed Tamer , Sayed Sherif A.
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a disease caused by bone marrow (BM) failure. There are many similarities between AA and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS); hence, differentiating them could be problematic. The current study aimed to use the new technique of flow cytometry as a possible diagnostic tool for AA and hypoplastic MDS.

Patients and Methods

The BM mononuclear cell (BMMC) and blood samples from 44 participants (17 patients with AA, 13 with hypoplastic MDS, and 14 healthy controls) were collected. The flow cytometric analysis of the cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34) levels and cell apoptosis was performed for all sample types.

Results

Patients with hypoplastic MDS showed a high percentage of CD34+ cells with low apoptosis, while those with AA showed a low percentage of CD34+ cells with high apoptosis.

Conclusions

Despite the similarity in the clinical presentation of hypoplastic MDS and AA, they are biologically different disorders. Increased CD34+ cell numbers with high viability may provide a useful and accurate tool for the differential diagnosis of hypoplastic MDS from AA.
Evaluation of Nutritional Supplements on Periodontal Fibroblast in Systemic Disease Conditions: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Alsanie Saleh A.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Periodontal health is influenced by various systemic factors, including nutritional status. Nutritional supplements have been proposed to improve periodontal health, particularly in individuals with systemic diseases.

Materials and Methods:

This in vitro interventional study aimed to evaluate the effects of nutritional supplements on periodontal health in systemic disease conditions. Human gingival fibroblast cells were cultured under conditions mimicking systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The cells were treated with different nutritional supplements commonly used in periodontal therapy, including vitamin C, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics. The effects of these supplements on cell viability, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix production were assessed using various assays and molecular techniques.

Results:

Treatment with nutritional supplements led to improvements in cell viability, reduction in inflammatory cytokine expression, and enhanced extracellular matrix synthesis in gingival fibroblast cells under systemic disease conditions. Specifically, vitamin C and omega-3 fatty acids demonstrated significant protective effects against inflammation-induced cell damage, while probiotics promoted a balanced immune response.

Conclusion:

Nutritional supplements, including vitamin C, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics, exhibit promising effects on periodontal health in systemic disease conditions. These supplements may serve as adjunctive therapeutic options for managing periodontal disease in individuals with systemic comorbidities.
Network function parallelism configuration with segment routing over IPv6 based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Jang Seokwon , Ko Namseok , Kyung Yeunwoong , Ko Haneul , Lee Jaewook , Pack Sangheon
Published: December 2024

Network function parallelism (NFP) has gained attention for processing packets in parallel through service functions arranged in the required service function chain. While parallel processing efficiently reduces the service function chaining (SFC) completion time, it incurs a higher network overhead (e.g., network congestion) to replicate various packets for processing. To reduce the SFC completion time while maintaining a low network overhead, we propose a deep‐reinforcement‐learning‐based NFP algorithm (DeepNFP) that provides an SFC processing policy to determine the sequential or parallel processing of every service function. In DeepNFP, deep reinforcement learning captures the network dynamics and service function conditions and iteratively finds the SFC processing policy in the network environment. Furthermore, an SFC data plane protocol based on segment routing over IPv6 configures and operates the policy in the SFC data network. Evaluation results show that DeepNFP can achieve 46% of the SFC completion time and 66% of the network overhead compared with conventional SFC and NFP, respectively.
Multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics model for the prediction of rectal cancer metachronous liver metastasis
Authors: Long Zhi-Da , Yu Xiao , Xing Zhi-Xiang , Wang Rui
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The liver, as the main target organ for hematogenous metastasis of colorectal cancer, early and accurate prediction of liver metastasis is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Herein, this study aims to investigate the application value of a combined machine learning (ML) based model based on the multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging for prediction of rectal metachronous liver metastasis (MLM).

AIM

To investigate the efficacy of radiomics based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging images of preoperative first diagnosed rectal cancer in predicting MLM from rectal cancer.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed 301 patients with rectal cancer confirmed by surgical pathology at Jingzhou Central Hospital from January 2017 to December 2023. All participants were randomly assigned to the training or validation queue in a 7:3 ratio. We first apply generalized linear regression model (GLRM) and random forest model (RFM) algorithm to construct an MLM prediction model in the training queue, and evaluate the discriminative power of the MLM prediction model using area under curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). Then, the robustness and generalizability of the MLM prediction model were evaluated based on the internal validation set between the validation queue groups.

RESULTS

Among the 301 patients included in the study, 16.28% were ultimately diagnosed with MLM through pathological examination. Multivariate analysis showed that carcinoembryonic antigen, and magnetic resonance imaging radiomics were independent predictors of MLM. Then, the GLRM prediction model was developed with a comprehensive nomogram to achieve satisfactory differentiation. The prediction performance of GLRM in the training and validation queue was 0.765 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.710-0.820] and 0.767 (95%CI: 0.712-0.822), respectively. Compared with GLRM, RFM achieved superior performance with AUC of 0.919 (95%CI: 0.868-0.970) and 0.901 (95%CI: 0.850-0.952) in the training and validation queue, respectively. The DCA indicated that the predictive ability and net profit of clinical RFM were improved.

CONCLUSION

By combining multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging with the effectiveness and robustness of ML-based predictive models, the proposed clinical RFM can serve as an insight tool for preoperative assessment of MLM risk stratification and provide important information for individual diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer patients.
Interleukin-17A facilitates tumor progression via upregulating programmed death ligand-1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Zhong-Xia , Zhang Li-Ting , Liu Xiao-Jun , Peng Xue-Bin , Mao Xiao-Rong
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammation-associated tumor with a dismal prognosis. Immunotherapy has become an important treatment strategy for HCC, as immunity is closely related to inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Inflammation regulates the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and affects immunotherapy efficacy. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is involved in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and plays a protumor or antitumor role in different tumors. We hypothesized that IL-17A participates in tumor progression by affecting the level of immune checkpoint molecules in HCC.

AIM

To investigate the effect and mechanism of action of IL-17A on PD-L1 expression and to identify attractive candidates for the treatment of HCC.

METHODS

The upregulation of PD-L1 expression in HCC cells by IL-17A was assessed by reverse transcription PCR, western blotting, and flow cytometry. Mechanistic studies were conducted with gene knockout models and pathway inhibitors. The function of IL-17A in immune evasion was explored through coculture of T cells and HCC cells. The effects of IL-17A on the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells were evaluated in vitro , and the antitumor effects of an IL-17A inhibitor and its synergistic effects with a PD-L1 inhibitor were studied in vivo .

RESULTS

IL-17A upregulated PD-L1 expression in HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas IL-17A receptor knockout or treatment with a small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 inhibitor diminished the PD-L1 expression induced by IL-17A. IL-17A enhanced the survival of HCC cells in the coculture system. IL-17A increased the viability, G2/M ratio, and migration of HCC cells and decreased the apoptotic index. Cyclin D1, VEGF , MMP9 , and Bcl-1 expression increased after IL-17A treatment, whereas BAX expression decreased. The combination of IL-17A and PD-L1 inhibitors showed synergistic antitumor efficacy and increased cluster of differentiation 8 + T lymphocyte infiltration in an HCC mouse model.

CONCLUSION

IL-17A upregulates PD-L1 expression via the IL-17A receptor/phosphorylation-small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 signaling pathway in HCC cells. Blocking IL-17A enhances the therapeutic efficacy of PD-L1 antibodies in HCC in vivo .
Complete response of gallbladder cancer treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy combined with durvalumab: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Chen Kai , Feng Xu , Shi Yuan , Li Xin-Lin , Shi Zheng-Rong , Lan Xiang
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer (BTC) and has a poor prognosis. A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC. However, the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.

CASE SUMMARY

In this report, we present a case in which the triple-drug regimen exhibited marked effectiveness in treating locally advanced GBC, thus leading to a long-term survival benefit. A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with locally advanced GBC, which rendered him ineligible for curative surgery. Following three cycles of therapy, a partial response was observed. After one year of combined therapy, a clinical complete response was successfully achieved. Subsequent maintenance therapy with durvalumab monotherapy resulted in a disease-free survival of 9 months for the patient. The patient experienced tolerable toxicities of reversible grade 2 nausea and fatigue. Tolerable adverse events were observed in the patient throughout the entirety of the treatment.

CONCLUSION

The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy with durvalumab was proven to be an effective treatment approach for advanced GBC, with manageable adverse events. Further research is warranted to substantiate the effectiveness of the combined regimen in the context of GBC.
Emerging strategies in outpatient endoscopy sedation management: Recent trends and developments
Authors: Chen Ming-Qi , Zhang Qi-Sheng
Published: December 2024

In this article we comment on the article by Walayat et al . Outpatient endoscopy has become vital in modern healthcare, providing efficient diagnostic and therapeutic interventions with minimal patient disruption. This study highlighted the key developments in sedation management, focusing on risk stratification and procedural settings to enhance safety. The findings demonstrate that a rigorous triage tool effectively reduces adverse events related to sedation and reversals. By identifying patients at higher risk, this tool helps mitigate complications during procedures. Importantly, appropriate risk stratification allows complex procedures to be performed under conscious sedation, significantly improving patient outcomes and optimizing resource allocation, particularly in constrained healthcare environments.
Fabrication and Functional Behavior Studies of Polypropylene
Composite Containing Hybrid Reinforcements
Authors: Venkatesh R.
Published: December 2024

Hybrid reinforcement-made polypropylene (PP) composites are beneficial over
monolithic PP and utilized for various engineering and non-engineering
applications. The present investigation of PP hybrid composites is developed
with 10 percentages of weight (wt%) of E-glass fiber embedded with 0–6 wt% of
silicon carbide via compression technique associated with hot press. E-glass
fiber and SiC influencing wear rate, tensile strength, and microhardness
behavior of PP and its composites are experimentally investigated. The peak
loading of SiC as 6 wt% into PP/10 wt% E-glass fiber is recorded as better wear
resistance (0.021 mm3/m), maximum tensile strength value (54.9 MPa),
and highest hardness (68 HV). Moreover, the investigation results of hybrid PP
composite are better resistance to wear and hiked tensile and hardness behavior
compared to monolithic PP. This PP/10 wt% E-glass fiber/6 wt% of SiC hybrid
composite is adopted for high-strength to lightweight sports goods
applications.
AI-Driven Diagnostic System for Vehicles: Leveraging AI for Accurate
and Efficient Automotive Problem Solving
Authors: Sasikala T. , Swathi B. , Raj J. Joshua Daniel , Shetty G. Shreyas , Didagur Darshan
Published: December 2024

Traditional vehicle diagnostics often rely on manual inspections and diagnostic
tools, which can be time-consuming, inconsistent, and prone to human error. As
vehicle technology evolves, there is a growing need for more efficient and
reliable diagnostic methods. This paper introduces an innovative AI-based
diagnostic system utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to provide expert-level
analysis and solutions for automotive issues. By inputting various details such
as the vehicle’s make, model, year, mileage, problem description, and symptoms,
the AI system generates comprehensive diagnostics, identifies potential causes,
suggests step-by-step repair solutions, and offers maintenance tips. The
proposed system aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, ultimately
benefiting mechanics and vehicle owners. The system’s effectiveness is evaluated
through various experiments and case studies, showcasing its potential to
revolutionize vehicle diagnostics.
The Application of a Chemical Inhibitor in an Effort to Prevent the
Scaling of Ferrous Carbide
Authors: Sandeep Ch , Srinivasan V. P. , Raja Kumar G. , Anandan R. , Shanthi C. , Selvarajan L.
Published: December 2024

The properties of organic nitrate ester that inhibit scale formation were
investigated in order to acquire a better understanding of ferrous carbide
precipitation from supersaturated solutions. When the scale inhibitor was
present, precipitation rates were much lower than when it was missing, even at
very low concentrations. When the temperature and time are increased
simultaneously, more scale is deposited. The effect of nitrate ester on scale
deposition demonstrates that the inhibitory dosage is relatively low at low
temperatures but rapidly increases when exposed to high temperatures. The
inhibitor is thought to alter the shape of the first crystals by binding to
dynamic growth sites and inhibiting the threshold level of development.
Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 4.4Cu - 1.5Mg - 0.60Mn; (2024-T81 Sheet, -T851 Plate), Solution Heat Treated, Cold Worked and Artificially Aged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet and plate 0.010 to 1.500 inches (0.254 to 38.07 mm), inclusive, in thickness, supplied in the -T81/-T851 temper (see 8.5).
Titanium Alloy, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Rings, and Drawn Shapes, 4Al - 2.5V -1.5 Fe, Annealed, Heat Treatable
Authors:   AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings, flash-welded rings, and drawn shapes 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) and under and stock for forging, heading, or flash-welded rings of any size (see 8.6).
Beryllium Bars, Rods, Tubing, and Shapes, Instrument Grade
Authors:   AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers beryllium in the form of bars, rods, tubing, and machined shapes fabricated from vacuum hot pressed powder.
Aluminum-Beryllium Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 38Al - 62Be
Authors:   AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers an aluminum-beryllium alloy in the form of sheet and plate consolidated from powder by extrusion and then rolled (see 8.5).
Accommodation Tool Reference Point for Class B Vehicles
Authors:   Truck and Bus Human Factors Committee
Published: December 2024

This Recommended Practice provides procedures for defining the Accelerator Heel Point and the Accommodation Tool Reference Point, a point on the seat H-point travel path which is used for locating various driver workspace accommodation tools in Class B vehicles (heavy trucks and buses). Three accommodation tool reference points are available depending on the percentages of males and females in the expected driver population (50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5).

These procedures are applicable to both the SAE J826 HPM and the SAE J4002 HPM-II.
Truck Driver Stomach Position
Authors:   Truck and Bus Human Factors Committee
Published: December 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice describes two-dimensional 95th percentile truck driver side view, seated stomach contours for horizontally adjustable seats (see Figure 1). There is one contour and three locating lines to accommodate male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5.
COE Frontal Strength Evaluation - Dynamic Loading Heavy Trucks
Authors:   Truck Crashworthiness Committee
Published: December 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the test procedures for conducting dynamic frontal strength test for COE and other heavy trucks with forward controls. Its purpose is to establish recommended test procedures which will standardize the procedure for heavy trucks. Descriptions of the test setup, test instrumentation, photographic/video coverage, and the test fixtures are included.
Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi Seimbang Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Pemilihan Jenis Makanan Siswa di Sekolah Bola ASIFA (Aji Santoso International Football Academy) Kota Malang
Authors: Khairunnisa Nadhira Hasna , Nurmayanti Rani , Hapsari Indri
Published: December 2024

Specialized food services cater to specialized training centers or institutions, such as sports training centers. ASIFA is a sports training center with an average age of 13 - 18 years old that provides dormitories and organizes food with 1 day feeding 3 times. Food presentation is done in a buffet so that students can choose and take according to taste. Preliminary studies conducted at ASIFA obtained from the results of interviews with 30 students, it was found that students still consumed food according to their habits and preferences so that food intake did not meet balanced nutrition. This study aims to determine the effect of balanced nutrition education on the level of knowledge and attitude towards choosing the type of food of students. Pre-experimental research with a one group pre-post test design was conducted. The sampling used was purposive sampling as many as students who were in the ASIFA Ball School dormitory, Malang City. The results of the paired sample t-test statistical test at the 95% confidence level, obtained a Sig value. (2-tailed) is 0.000 (<0.05). The results of the Wilcoxon statistical test, obtained a Z value of -3.677 and a Sig value. (2-tailed) 0.000 (<0.05). The results showed that there was an effect of balanced nutrition education on the level of knowledge and attitude towards choosing the type of food for students at the ASIFA (Aji Santoso International Football Academy) soccer school in Malang City.
Hubungan Asupan Gizi Makro Terhadap Status Gizi Balita Stunting di Wilayah Pesisir Kota Kendari
Authors: Sumarti Sumarti , Salma Wa Ode , Binekada Made Chriastian
Published: December 2024

Stunting is a major nutritional problem in Indonesia that can determine the quality of resources. Stunting children are susceptible to disease, have difficulty in physical and cognitive development, and are at risk of developing degenerative diseases as adults. The prevalence of stunting in 2021 was 0.95%, 2022 was 1.4% and 2023 was 1.69%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macro nutrient intake to the nutritional status of Stunting Toddlers in the Coastal Area of ​​Kendari City. This type of research is quantitative, Cross Sectional Study design. The population in this study were all toddlers in the working area of ​​the Mata, Benu-Benua and Abeli ​​Health Centers for the period January 2024, totaling 4,272 people and the sample in this study was part of the toddlers in the period January 2024 in the working area of ​​the Mata, Benu-Benua and Abeli ​​Health Centers, totaling 98 people. The sampling technique used proportional stratified random sampling. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results of the chi-square test at a 95% confidence level, obtained p value of 0.000 for carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between macronutrient intake (KH, Protein and Fat) with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the coastal areas of Kendari City
Using ChatGPT and Other AI Engines to Vocalize Medieval Hebrew
Authors: Gordon Nehemia , Freeman Natan
Published: December 2024

Hebrew is usually written without vowel points, making it challenging for some readers to decipher. This is especially true of medieval Hebrew, which can have nonstandard grammar and orthography. This paper tested four artificial intelligence (AI) tools by asking them to add vowel points to an unpublished medieval Hebrew translation of the Lord’s Prayer. The vocalization tools tested were OpenAI’s ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, Pellaworks’ DoItInHebrew, and Dicta’s Nakdan. ChatGPT-3.5 freely changed the text, even rewriting some phrases and adding an entire sentence. ChatGPT-3.5 also provided erroneous vowels in its rewritten Hebrew text. ChatGPT-4 did a moderately good job with only a few errors, but also modified the orthography. One of ChatGPT-4’s errors was not trivial, resulting in the invention of a word. When challenged, ChatGPT-4 corrected this confabulation by inventing another word, which it claimed was a “rare form” for which it provided a fictitious derivation. When challenged on this second made-up word, ChatGPT-4 replaced the word from the input text with a word based on an entirely different root. DoItInHebrew inserted vowels that produced a gibberish text. In contrast, Dicta’s Nakdan provided near perfect vocalization, with only one genuine error, but like ChatGPT-4 it modified the orthography. ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, and DoItInHebrew exhibited serious “hallucinations,” of both the “factual” and the “untruthful” varieties, typical of other AIs, making them counterproductive for vocalizing historic Hebrew texts. Nakdan can be a powerful tool but still requires someone with expertise in Hebrew grammar to verify and correct the vocalization. Nakdan’s interface simplified correcting the vocalization, although it required its user to have advanced knowledge of Hebrew.
Solutions to improving the efficiency of production organization at semi-mechanized longwall face I-6-2, Bac Quang Loi coal mine
Authors: Vu Dung Tien Thai , Nguyen Khai Cao , Le Phuc Quang , Nguyen Luong Xuan ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
  Dong Bac Corporation, Quangninh, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

Dong Bac Corporation is the second largest coal producer in Vietnam with output accounting for more than 14% of the country's total production. According to the plan, coal production from underground mines is expected to increase to 60% of the total Corporation’s production by 2025. To increase coal production in longwall mining, Dong Bac Corporation applies advanced technological solutions to modernize production stages, with the notable implementation of the semi-mechanized longwall mining technology. This technology uses a single-drum shearer and mobile hydraulic supports. The use of the technology has encountered challenges and difficulties, resulting in low production efficiency. The highest output achieved in the longwall face only reached 70% of the initial design capacity. The article presents the current status of technological innovation in underground coal mining of Dong Bac Corporation. The primary research subject is the semi-mechanized longwall face I-6-2 at Bac Quang Loi coal mine of Company 790, Dong Bac Corporation. Based on analysing the causes of difficulties, the authors provide solutions to improving production efficiency, safety, and the environment. Some solutions have been used in practice and have achieved positive and promising effects. Adjustment of production cycle organization chart to align with mining conditions has resulted in an increase in effective working time and a 17% rise in coal output. Accordingly, the authors propose technological orientations for the development of underground coal mining at Dong Bac Corporation.
Landslide hazard assessment for the Batxat area of Vietnam using GIS-based spatial prediction models
Authors: Duong Binh Van , Fomenko Igor Konstantinovich , Nhu Ha Viet , Nguyen Phuong Huy , Sirotkina Olga Nikolaevna , Nguyen Kien Trung , Pham Ha Ngoc Thi ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam  Sergo Ordzhonikidzе Russian State Geological Prospecting University, Moscow, Russia  Vietnam Association of Engineering Geology and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam  Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia  Institute of Geological Sciences - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

Located in the northwest of Laocai province, Batxat district has been frequently affected by natural disasters, including landslides and debris flows. Therefore, landslide hazard assessment (LHA) has been a significant task for planning, economic development, and minimizing human and property damage. For this purpose, landslide hazard maps were established in this study using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the combined Analytic Hierarchy Process - Frequency Ratio (AHP&FR) models. Ten landslide-related factors were selected, including elevation, slope, distance to road, distance to drainage, land use and land cover (LULC), average monthly rainfall, lithology, aspect, distance to fault, and relative relief. Afterwards, the weighted value of landslide-related factors and the landslide susceptibility index (LSI) were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The Frequency Ratio method was used to calculate the weighted value of factor classes. Two landslide hazard maps were established, and the study area was divided into five hazard zones: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The performance of the models was determined using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), the seed cell area index (SCAI), and the precision of the predicted results (P). The AUC values for the success rate of these models were 0.72 and 0.75, and for the prediction rate were 0.67 and 0.70, respectively. The evaluation results of the models showed that, although both the AHP and combined AHP&FR models have good performance for landslide hazard mapping, the AHP&FR model produces more accurate outcomes than the AHP model.
Potential using of marine sand in coastal areas of Vietnam to create concrete for rural roads
Authors: Nguyen Nu Thi , Bui Son Truong , Nguyen Dung Ngoc , Vu Tuan Dinh , Bui Anh Tuan , Do Hieu Xuan , Chu Nghia Van , Nguyen Phuong Lam Thi , Le Thai Van ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
  Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Canada
  Dong Phuong Inspection and Investigation Consultant Joint Stock Company, Hai Duong, Vietnam
Published: December 2024

In Vietnam, there is not enough sand from the river for the construction operation, and it is necessary to find other resources to replace it. Marine sand was distributed in large areas in the coastal area of Vietnam and was not used for rural roads. This paper presents experimental results on the workability and compressive strength of concrete which was made from Nghe An and Ha Tinh marine sand. The particle size of two marine sands is not fully suitable for use as fine aggregates in concrete according to TCVN 7570:2006. The Ha Tinh sand was more suitable for use as fine aggregates in concrete than Nghe An sand. Three grades of concrete (M20, M25, M30) were designed for testing. Fifty-four samples of concrete were mixed and cured for 3, 7, and 28 days. Results showed that the compressive strength of Ha Tinh concrete achieved the requirements of M20, M25, and M30 grade - concrete. Otherwise, the compressive strength of Nghe An concrete has only achieved the requirements of M10, M15, and M20 grade – concrete. The research results also showed that the concrete made from Ha Tinh sand can be used for the A, B, C, and D grades of rural roads and the concrete made from Nghe An sand can only be used for the C, D grades of rural roads. The workability of all concrete mixtures met the requirements of Vietnamese standards. The sea sand in the coastal area of Vietnam has enormous potential to produce concrete for rural roads.
Optimizing axial bearing capacity estimation of pre-bored grouted planted nodular (PGPN) pile: Enriched dataset and genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Nguyen Tan , Aphistih Tuetakoun , Nguyen Minh The Quang , Ly Duy Khuong , Shiau Jim ,   Ton Duc Thang University (Faculty of Civil Engineering), Hochiminh, Vietnam
  Van Lang University (Laboratory for Computational Mechanics - Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence), Hochiminh, Vietnam
  Van Lang University (Faculty of Civil Engineering - School of Technology), Hochiminh, Vietnam
  University of Southern Queensland (School of Engineering), Toowoomba, Australia
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a practical and efficient methodology to improve the estimation of the ultimate axial bearing capacity of Pre-bored Grouted Planted Nodular (PGPN) piles, addressing a critical need in geotechnical engineering. By enhancing the dataset with 98 additional case histories and pile load test data from various projects across Vietnam, we have developed a more reliable predictive tool for engineers. The use of genetic algorithms has refined existing empirical formulas, significantly improving their accuracy while remaining simple enough for hand calculations. The proposed formula achieves a correlation coefficient of 0.907, a 7.2% improvement over previous methods. This research offers a valuable solution for the challenges faced in predicting the load-bearing capacity of PGPN piles, providing a more dependable method that can streamline design and construction practices.
Kalp Yetersizliğine Özgü Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlilik, Ölçüm Değişmezliği ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Authors: Evcimen Hasan , Uncu Fatoş
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kalp yetersizliğine özgü sağlık okuryazarlığı ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlamaktır.
Yöntem: Metodolojik bir çalışmadır: Bu metodolojik çalışma Ocak-Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'nin doğusundaki bir hastanenin kardiyoloji polikliniğine başvuran 748 kalp yetersizliği hastası ile yürütülmüştür. Veri toplamak için bir kişisel bilgi formu ve kalp yetersizliğine özgü bir sağlık okuryazarlığı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin dil ve içerik geçerliliği değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçek geçerliliği için; açıklayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçüm değişmezliği analizi, yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerlilik analizleri yapılmıştır. Güvenirlik için ise cronbach alpha ve Mc Donald's omega iç tutarlılık katsayısı, düzeltilmiş madde toplam korelasyonu ve sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı analizleri yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmadaki iki veri setinin kişisel özellikleri arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktur (p0,3 ve sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı 0,77 olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Kalp yetersizliğine özgü sağlık okuryazarlığı ölçeği Türk toplumunda yüksek düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olarak bulunmuştur.
Középmagyar kori nógrádi nyelvemlékek helyesírási jellemzői
Authors: Gréczi-Zsoldos Enikő
Published: December 2024

Tanulmányom helyesírás-történeti témát dolgoz fel. Levéltárakban fennmaradt, középmagyar kori kéziratos nyelvemlékek szövegét vizsgálom. A 17. századi Nógrád vármegye területén kelt magánlevelek, perszövegek és különböző jogi iratok kézírásának sajátosságait mutatom be. Az egykori helyesírás sok egyéni vonást és következetlenséget mutat: a magán- és mássalhangzók hosszúságának jelölése következetlen, a szavak írásmódja nem egységes. A területhez kötött írásmódbeli jegyekből nyelvjárás-történeti következtetések is levonhatók.
Mozaikok a magyar mint idegen nyelv (mid) tanítási tapasztalataiból
Authors: H. Tóth István
Published: December 2024

A magyar nyelv a magyar nyelvű szakmai körökben is elsősorban: anyanyelv. Ennek a helyesírás-tanítási pedagógiája tudományosan megalapozott és a gyakorlata is rendszerszemléletű. Ugyanakkor szükség van a gyorsan változó világunkban a magyar nyelvről úgy is gondolkodnunk, hogy idegen nyelv az idegen ajkú, de magyarul tanulók számára. Egyre gazdagabb a magyar mint idegen nyelv problémájának az elméleti szakirodalma és a tanítási tapasztalata is. Jelen tanulmány a magyar helyesírás tanításával kapcsolatban ezekből mutat be mozaikokat elsősorban a magyar mint idegen nyelv tanítási gyakorlatára összpontosítva.
Aplikasi Presensi Kerja Berbasis Android dengan Monitoring Lokasi Karyawan Secara Real-Time Menggunakan Maps
Authors: Abetnego Dereks , Susilo Joko
Published: December 2024

An effective and efficient work attendance system is key to good human resource management. In this context, the use of information technology can facilitate the process of monitoring employee locations in real-time. This research aims to implement a work attendance application system that utilizes maps services to monitor employee locations in real-time through Android devices. The application development method uses an Android-based development approach with the integration of Maps services. Users can log in and register, and then the application will automatically track their location using GPS on Android devices. The location data is then synchronized with the server in real-time.
Visualizando datos: Estudio exploratorio sobre los riesgos de la escasez del agua en el Estado de Querétaro
Authors: Saavedra Rivera Martha Lucía , Martínez Ramos Sergio Alonso
Published: December 2024

En los últimos años, la escasez de agua ha representado una de las mayores crisis medioambientales que enfrenta la humanidad. En México, particularmente en el estado de Querétaro, se ha experimentado una combinación de sequía extrema, sobreexplotación de acuíferos y los efectos del cambio climático. En este contexto, la visualización de datos ha demostrado ser una herramienta crucial para comprender y comunicar estas problemáticas de manera accesible y efectiva. Este estudio se enfoca en la recopilación, el procesamiento y la representación visual de datos hídricos de diversas bases de datos para ilustrar la magnitud de la emergencia ambiental en Querétaro. A través de diferentes técnicas de visualización, el proyecto busca facilitar la deliberación y promover la concientización sobre el estrés hídrico en la región, ofreciendo posibles líneas de acción para su mitigación.
The issue of admissibility and reliability of expert opinions as evidence in criminal proceedings
Authors: Bakyt S. B. , Alayeva G. T. , Plotskaya O. A.
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to the problem of assessing the admissibility and reliability of an expert’s opinion in the context of criminal proceedings. The expert’s opinion, as an important evidence in criminal cases, is an integral part of the judicial process. However, its admissibility and reliability play a crucial role in the formation of court decisions. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the admissibility and reliability of the expert’s opinion in criminal proceedings. The article discusses the main aspects of assessing the admissibility of expert opinions, including the issues of expert qualification, his independence, methodology of work, as well as compliance with professional standards. The importance of strict procedure and supervision of experts to ensure the objectivity of conclusions is noted.
Digital transformation in the judicial system: difficulties and prospects
Authors: Atalykova G. Sh.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the impact of digital transformation on modern litigation. In the context of the rapid development of information technologies and their introduction into various spheres of society, the judicial system is under pressure to adapt to new realities. The article analyzes the challenges that courts face in implementing digital technologies, such as ensuring data security, maintaining transparency and accessibility of justice, as well as problems associated with digital inequality. At the same time, the potential prospects opened by digital transformation are being considered, including improving the efficiency of trials, improving the availability of justice for citizens and the possibility of developing innovative management methods and resolving legal issues. The article calls for a deeper study and discussion of this topic in order to develop effective strategies for the digital development of judicial systems.
Strategies for Increasing Performance of Papuan Women Shell Craft Enterprises in Manokwari City: a SWOT Analysis
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Papua, Imbiri Soleman , Wambrauw Ludia Theresia
Published: December 2024

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) are a type of business that plays an important role in increasing a country’s economic growth as it can create jobs, reduce unemployment, create added value in the gross domestic product, and improve people’s lives. However, quite a few Papuan women get involved in MSEs as they have faced various obstacles rather than male. This study investigates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of shell craft business carried out by Papuan women in Manokwari city to develop appropriate strategies for increasing their business performance.  A mixed-methods research design was employed by conducting a case study, field observation, and in-depth interviews to collect data from eighteen Papuan women enterprises. Then, it is analysed by using SWOT. The finding shows that the most appropriate strategy to be carried out by shell craft enterprises is in III which supports the turnaround strategy. This strategy means that business actors will improve their weaknesses to take advantage of opportunities by (1) equipping themselves with more modern equipment to support production, (2) dividing household tasks to improve business, (3) utilizing social media and websites for online promotion and marketing, (4) running business management, and (5) participating in exhibition events organized by the local government.
Osteoporosis: A Treatable Disease
Authors: Leong K H , Koh L K H , Ng D C E
Published: December 2024

Osteoporosis twenty years ago was a very different disease from what we know of it today. At that time a diagnosis of osteoporosis was made at the point of sustaining a fracture as there was no routine method of pre-fracture diagnosis such as bone mineral density measurement.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Chronic Lung Disease of Infancy: Strategies for Prevention and Management
Authors: Ho L Y
Published: December 2024

Remarkable advances in the treatment of neonatal respiratory disorders, such as antenatal glucocorticoid therapy, surfactant replacement therapy and alternative modes of ventilation, have reduced neonatal mortality and acute respiratory morbidity. However, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic lung disease of infancy remain a substantial complication, especially among the most immature infants. The pathogenesis of chronic lung disease is complex and multifactorial. Prevention and treatment will require a comprehensive multiprong approach with specific interventions and practices focused on different levels of the pathways leading to chronic lung changes. Future improvements in care will require a better understanding of lung development and lung repair mechanisms. However, the ultimate and most effective approach should be a relentless pursuit for measures to prevent premature births.
Re: 188Rhenium-TDD-Lipiodol in Treatment of Inoperable Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma—A Case Report
Authors: Ooi London Lucien
Published: December 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy that is best treated by surgery. However, in the vast majority, surgery is not possible and alternative treatment options have to be attempted.
To Establish the Normal Bone Mineral Density Reference Database for the Singapore Male
Authors: Thoo F L , Chng S M , Lam K S , Lee J B I , Tan M C , Teh H S , Khoo T K
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study was to establish the normal bone mineral density (BMD) reference curve for the Asian Singapore male.

Materials and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-three male subjects were enrolled; comprising of 309 Chinese, 44 Malays and 30 Indians resident in Singapore. Bone mineral density was measured at the lumbar spine and left hip using a Hologic QDR 4500Elite dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner.

Results: The mean peak BMD for the average lumbar spine and the neck of femur was 1.006 g/cm2 and 0.97 g/cm2, respectively. The mean peak BMD was taken at the 20 to 24 years age group at both the hip and spine based on data distribution for the various age groups. The BMD corresponding to -2.5 standard deviations from the peak adult value was 0.719 g/cm2 for the average lumbar spine and 0.655 g/cm2 for the neck of femur.

Conclusion: This Asian male BMD reference database, which is 10% and 5% lower than corresponding values from the Caucasian reference database, allows for more accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis in Asian males.