bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Inspection of the Riveting Process by Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Huang Chi , Chen Yu Ju , Wang Hsing Ling , Chang Chuo Yean , Weng Pin Hsuin , Hwang Rey Chue
Published: March 2013

This paper presents an automatic quality inspection system for the riveting process by using neural network (NN) techniques. Two types of neural models were used in studies. One is the conventional neural network and the other one is the quantum neural network which is expected to deal with the signals with fuzziness and uncertainty. The well-trained neural network could make an immediate diagnosis of the riveting quality based on the impact signals sensed. Thus, such NN inspection system can not only monitor the real time riveting process, but also give the assistance on the riveting quality verification. In order to demonstrate the superiority of neural network inspection system developed, the experimental data provided Chinese Air Force Institute of Technology was studied and simulated. The method of riveting quality index (RQI) was also performed as a comparison. From the simulation results shown, both of the proposed neural network inspection systems have the better verification accuracy than RQI method.
Robust Finite Time Controller Design for Second Order Underactuated Mechanical Systems
Authors: Yang Kuang Shine , Cheng Chi Cheng , Yang Jung Hua
Published: March 2013

Stabilization and tracking control of nonlinear uncertain underactuated systems are always challenging problems because underacturated systems have fewer independent control actuators than degrees of freedom to be controlled. For a class of second order underactuated mechanical systems, a robust finite time control strategy is developed in this paper. The robust finite time controller is to drive the tracking error to be zero at the fixed final time. In fact, finite time convergence implies nonsmooth or non-Lipschitz continuous autonomous systems with nonuniqueness of solution. In order to prove the stability, we present a generalized Lyapunov stability proof for the second order underactuated mechanical system. By utilizing a Lyapunov stability theorem, we can achieve finite time tracking of desired reference signals for underactuated systems, which is subject to both external disturbances and system uncertainties. The proposed control scheme is demonstrated by actual experiments on a Furuta pendulum system. Based on the experiment results, the finite time convergence of system errors can be assured.
Voltage Control of PM Synchronous Generator System Using Recurrent Wavelet Neural Network Controller
Authors: Lin Chih Hong , Lin Chih Peng
Published: March 2013

A recurrent wavelet neural network (RWNN) controller is proposed to control output voltages for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct drive three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system at stand-alone power application in this paper. First, the field-oriented mechanism is implemented for the control of the PMSG system. Then, a rectifier (AC/DC power converter) and an inverter (DC/AC power converter) are developed to convert the electric power generated by a three-phase PMSG system. Moreover, two online trained RWNNs using backpropagation learning algorithm are developed as the regulating controllers for both the DC-link voltage of the rectifier and the AC line voltage of the inverter. Finally, to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller, comparative studies with PI controller are demonstrated by experimental results.
Wind Shear Encountered Landing Control Based on CMACs
Authors: Juang Jih Gau , Cheng Chung Ju , Yang Teng Chieh
Published: March 2013

This paper presents an intelligent control scheme that uses different cerebellar model articulation controllers (CMACs) in aircraft automatic landing control. The proposed intelligent control system can act as an experienced pilot and guide the aircraft landed safely in wind shear condition. Lyapunov theory is applied to obtain adaptive learning rule and stability analysis is also provided. Furthermore, the proposed controllers are implemented in a DSP. The simulations by MatLab are demonstrated.
Designing and Realizing of Universal Test and Analysis System of Avionics Data Bus
Authors: Zhang Jian Dong , Cao En Long , Wu Yong , Shi Guo Qing
Published: March 2013

In modern combat aircrafts, avionics integrated systems play an increasingly important role. Bus test and analysis system is used as a testing platform for the testing, debugging, maintenance and monitoring of airborne electronic equipment, which could rapidly detect and identify the working status of the bus. This paper discusses the general avionics data bus test system design and implementation, which focuses on the test system design, system management, software development, and the bus information flow management of the whole system. The universal test and analysis system is based on the bus test analysis platform of ICD database that can effectively test ARINC429 bus and 1553B bus. Through integrating the platform into the simulation system, it can complete the closed-loop test of the integrated avionics simulation test system, analyze the state changes of various information flows during the process of bus communication, test and verify the active status and logical sequence of avionic fire control test systems, which has achieved very good results in the practical engineering applications.
Green Transport System: A Technology Demonstration of Adaptive Road Lighting with Giant Magnetoresistive Sensor Network for Energy Efficiency and Reducing Light Pollution
Authors: Lei Z.Q. , Leung F.H. , Hau C.H. , Lui K.S. , Szeto W.Y. , Pong Philip W.T.
Published: March 2013

To enhance energy efficiency and reduce light pollution of overnight road lighting in suburban traffic, we propose a novel green transport system based on giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors. The basic principle is to detect the perturbation to the earth magnetic field by a ferrous vehicle with GMR sensors. This system can switch on the road lighting to full illumination gradually before the motor vehicle arrives and dim it out after the vehicle leaves without the driver noticing. Based on a sparse suburban road in the countryside of Hong Kong, a demonstration model was constructed to illustrate its feasibility. GMR sensors and the associated electrical energy control components including signal processors, relays, and dimmers were integrated into a complete system. The experimental result indicates that the sensing principle is feasible and the whole system can function together coherently to achieve over 90% energy saving. Such system can be scaled up to be implemented in real road conditions.
To Develop a Parallel Processing System with the FPGA for Multi-Axis Motion Control Platform
Authors: Lai Chiu Keng , Ho Kun Lin
Published: March 2013

It is known that the flexibility and programmable abilities have made the FPGA widely used as controllers to the electrical machines and systems. Above all, the high density of recent developed chip results in many of the CPU cores and complicated hardware can be programmed into the chip to be as controller. Thus, this topic is based on the currently available technologies of FPGA-based system design to the parallel processing. Software and hardware co-design are shown to reach the performance, and the system’s software stream data are processed with the hardware parallel technique. This analysis enables FPGA-based control system on the parallel computing platform to achieve the simultaneous operation for 3-axis motor motion and drive system control. In that way, we chose the high density FPGA, Altera Cyclone II EP2C8Q208C8N, as the chip to develop the hardware of microprocessor, motor drive and motion controller. The developed system was practically applied to a 3-axis motion platform driven by stepping motors to evaluate the system performance.
Approach to Developing Interleaved Converter with Single-Capacitor Turn-Off Snubber
Authors: Tseng Sheng Yu , Juang Yi Ren
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a systematic approach to developing turn-off snubber for an interleaving converter to smooth out switch turn-off transition. With the approach, the interleaving converter with two turn-off snubbers, which are formed by two L-C-D type snubbers, can be replaced by the one with turn-off snubber composed of a single-capacitor snubber. It can be used in the basic six interleaved converters, such as buck, boost, buck-boost, ‘cuk, zeta and sepic converters. In this research, the structure of the interleaved converter with the turn-off snubber can be conveniently simplified from the derived general configurations, reducing the complexity of circuit structure significantly. Measured results from a buck prototype converter have been verified to prove the feasibility of the derived turn-off snubber.
Design and Implementation of a Fuzzy Time-Varying Sliding Regime Controlled UPS Systems
Authors: Chang En Chih , Feng Chieh Chuan , Cheng Hung Liang , Cheng Chun An
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a robust tracking fuzzy controller using time-varying sliding regime is proposed for UPS systems. The controller combines the merits of sliding regime control, fuzzy logic control. Time-varying sliding surface is used to ensure the existence of sliding regime from an initial state, while the conventional sliding surface can not achieve the robust performance against disturbances before the sliding regime occurs. Fuzzy technique is applied to select a dominated sliding surface when errors lie in the second and the fourth quadrants and shift a predetermined sliding surface when errors lie in the first and the third quadrants in order to achieve the propose of fast and robust tracking. Using the proposed method, the magnitude of the control input signals and undesirable chattering phenomenon are remarkable lessened and simultaneously improves the robustness of the UPS system. Simulation results are presented, showing a good dynamic performance of the proposed method.
Design of Clock and Ramp Generator Circuit Framework with 0.9V Low Operational Voltage
Authors: Wai Rong Jong , Liaw Jun Jie
Published: March 2013

In this study, a new clock and ramp generator circuit framework with a 0.9V low operational voltage is designed for the voltage-mode/current-mode-controlled power management integrated chip of a DC-DC converter. In conventional clock and ramp generator circuit with operational amplifiers, its operational voltage is limited to be over 1.5V because of the problem of a higher threshold voltage in the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). As a result, it can not work well for a pulse-width-modulation DC-DC converter when a below 1V low-voltage single-cell clean-energy power source is applied. This newly-design clock and ramp generator circuit framework without operational amplifiers is investigated to cope with the limitation of the threshold voltage in the MOSFET. Therefore, the corresponding chip size and power consumption can be reduced. Moreover, this circuit still has the functions of adjustable clock frequency and ramp slope. In addition, numerical simulations by the HSPICE software and experimental results by a real chip fabricated in the TSMC 1P6M 0.18µm CMOS process are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed circuit to produce the clock and ramp waveforms.
Design of High-Efficiency Voltage-Mode Class-D RF Power Amplifier for Class-S Transmitter Using Signal Analysis and Additional Multi-Section Bandpass Filter
Authors: Lim Jong Gyun , Kang Won Shil , Lee Kang Yoon , Ku Hyun Chul
Published: March 2013

This paper proposes a high-efficiency voltage-mode class-D (VMCD) RF power amplifier (PA) for class-S transmitter, which includes additional multi-section bandpass filter (BPF). For an accurate analysis of class-S transmitter, the output signals of band pass delta sigma modulator (BPDSM) are described with probability distribution functions (PDF) versus pulse widths of quantized signals. Usually, the results show that magnitudes of sub-harmonic terms increases for high peak-to-average power ratio signal such as long term evolution (LTE) signal. For a high efficiency and appropriate linearity of class-S transmitter, we propose a VMCD PA utilizing a multi-section BPF. The proposed architecture effectively improves the linearity without deterioration the efficiency. For the LTE signal, the efficiency is 25.82% and adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is -52.44dBc when using a one-section BPF. By using the multi-section BPF, ACPR and efficiency have been improved up to 11.88dB and 13.44% respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed design is demonstrated for various input signals.
Design and Implementation of a Dimmable LED Driver with Low-Frequency PWM Control
Authors: Cheng Hung Liang , Cheng Chun An , Chen Chao Shun , Huang Kuan Lung
Published: March 2013

This paper proposes a high-efficiency dimmable LED driver for light emitting diodes (LED). The developed LED driver consists of a full-bridge resonant converter and six buck converters. The function of the full-bridge resonant converter is to obtain a smooth dc-link voltage for the buck converters by phase-shift modulation (PSM) while that of the six buck converters is to drive six LED modules, respectively. The gate voltage of the active switch of each buck converter is a combination of high-frequency and low-frequency pulses. The duty ratio of the high-frequency pulse controls the LED voltage and thereby, controls the amplitude of LED current. LEDs are dimmed by low-frequency pulse-width modulation (PWM) to vary the average current flowing through LED. Circuit equations are derived and circuit parameters are designed. High circuit efficiency is ensured by operating the active switches at zero-voltage switching-on to reduce the switching loss. Finally, a prototype circuit was built to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed LED driver.
Improvement on Resistive Switching Characteristics of SiO2-Based Films by Voltage Stressing
Authors: Lin Jian Yang , Wang Bing Xun
Published: March 2013

In this paper, different silicon oxide-based films and electrode materials were deposited onto the W/Si substrates by sputtering to investigate the resistive switching characteristics of the conductive-bridging RAM cells via the ion migration. A room-temperature constant-voltage stressing has been used to examine its effects on the resistive switching behaviors of the RAM cells in this work. Our experimental results show that the constant-voltage stressing can effectively affect the current conduction behavior and stabilize the resistive switching of the memory cell. After the electrical stressing, the current conduction mechanism in the HRS during the set process of the Cu/Cu:SiO2/W cell can be changed from the Ohm’s law and the space charge limited conduction to the single Ohm’s law.
Performance Evaluation for Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling Using Runtime Performance Counters
Authors: Liang Wen Yew , Chang Ming Feng , Chen Yen Lin , Wang Jenq Haur
Published: March 2013

Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is an effective technique for reducing power consumption. The system performance is not easy to evaluate through Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling. Most of studies use the execution time as an indicator while measuring the performance. However, DVFS adjusted processor speed during a fixed-length period so it cannot rely on the execution time to evaluate the system performance. This study proposes a novel and simple performance evaluation method to evaluate the system performance when DVFS is activated. Based on the performance evaluation method, this study also proposes a DVFS algorithm (P-DVFS) for a general-purpose operating system. The algorithm has been implemented on the Linux operating system and used a PXA270 development board. The results show that P-DVFS could accurately predict the suitable frequency, given runtime statistics information of a running program. In this way, the user can easily control the energy consumption by specifying allowable performance loss factor.
Design and Implement of Multi-Antennas for High Data Rate Communication
Authors: Tseng Hsien Wei , Lee Yang Han , Lee Yung Wen , Lo Chih Yuan , Jan Yih Guang , Chuang Ming Hsueh
Published: March 2013

In this paper, it tries from experimental measurements to derive the required minimum antenna isolation and from using this minimum antenna isolation to have the MIMO to execute at its utmost efficiency. The issue of the minimum antenna isolation is actually the problem of pursuing the possible antenna module area of a multi-antenna system. As smaller size communication system is explored in real life the request of small size communication system has been discussed and many systems have been developed. To verify the feasibility of designing a multi-antenna and high throughput system is through the adopt of many MIMO technique implemented IEEE 802.11n 2x2 products to verify whether its throughput can be doubled. In this paper we integrate 4 2x2 AP antenna sets and under the operation of 8 antennas to attain the 1200 Mbps PHY rate through proper selection and design of available antennas, for 1200 Mbps PHY rate it is equivalently to have more then 600 Mbps throughput and with this implementation it is enable to prove the feasibility of the designed system.
High Gain and Low Noise Single Balanced Wireless Receiver Front-End Circuit Design
Authors: Huang Zhe Yang , Huang Che Cheng , Lin Jung Mao , Hung Chung Chih
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a wideband wireless receiver front-end for 3.1-5.0GHz band group-1 (BG-1) WiMedia application. The front-end circuits are designed in 0.18um standard CMOS process. The experimental results show the maximum conversion power gain is 45.5dB; minimum noise figure is 2.9dB. Input return loss is lower than -9.3dB and output return loss is lower than -6.8dB. The maximum LO conversion power is 0dBm. 3dB working frequency is 1.9GHz (3.1GHz-5.0GHz) Total power consumption is 24.3mW including LNA, mixer and all buffers. Total chip area is 1.27mm2 including dummy and pads.
An Incentive Mechanism Using Game Theory for Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Lai Wei Kuang , Weng Mu Lung , Lin Yuh Chung , Shieh Chin Shiuh
Published: March 2013

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have attracted much attention in recent years. The main problems in WMNs are the unfairness in bandwidth sharing and potential selfish behavior. In this paper, an incentive-based pricing model is designed which follows the concepts of mechanism design in game theory to encourage nodes to relay packets for other nodes and therefore achieve fairness. In the pricing model, we consider the packet transmitting amounts, idle conditions and the special need of border nodes in the margin area. The incentive is the main feature of the model. We also discuss the model using mathematical analysis from various perspectives. The analysis shows that this model is highly effective in eliminating unfairness in the multi-hop transmission topology. This is achieved by allowing border mesh routers to receive a fair profit. This flexible pricing model is capable of encouraging packet forwarding. With the issue of unfairness resolved, WMNs can be expected to have a broader range of applications.
Adsorption Behaviors of Nucleic Acid by Cationic Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Chi Hsien , Hsien Yi Fan
Published: March 2013

Cationic magnetic nanoparticles are prepared by covalently binding spermidine and polyethylenimine onto the surface of nanoparticles via a glutaraldehyde coupling method. Nanoparticles modified by spermidine or polyethylenimine were characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared spectra, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In this study, cationic magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by covalently conjugating cationic ligands onto the surface of nanoparticles. The plasmid DNA adsorption by the surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles was analyzed by Freundlich, Temkin, and Langmuir models. The maximal adsorption capacities in Langmuir model for polyethylenimine- and spermidine- modified nanoparticles are 341 and 116 μg/mg, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrated that the polyethylenimine-modified magnetic nanoparticles has the potential for purification of plasmid.
Error Analysis of Ray’s Light Path for Axis-Symmetrical Optical System by Using Skew Ray Tracing
Authors: Liao Te Tan , Chen Chun Ta , Kung Chieh , Lin Psang Dain
Published: March 2013

ωThis study applies a skew ray tracing approach based on a 4×4 homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix and Snell’s law to analyze the errors of a ray’s light path as it passes through a series of optical elements for axis-symmetrical optical system. The proposed error analysis methodology considers two principal sources of light path error, namely: (1) the translational errors Δxi, Δyi and Δzi and the rotational errors Δωix, Δωiy and Δωiz, which determine the deviation of the light path at each boundary surface, and (2) the differential changes induced in the incident point position and unit directional vector of the refracted / reflected ray as a result of differential changes in the position and unit directional vector of the light source. The validity of the proposed methodology is verified by analyzing the effects of optical errors in Petzval lens.
Field Distortion Compensation for Galvanometric Scanning Machines
Authors: Chen Chin Sheng , Wang Wei Ke , Huang Chien Liang , Yeh Chun Wei
Published: March 2013

The laser manufacture has been widely used in micro-machining as a burgeoning technology. Galvanometric scanning systems is an important component in laser machines, but the galvanometric scanning system is usually combines the image field distortion that is from the mechanism and optical devices. The paper has presented a novel correction algorithm based on ride regression method for compensates the image field distortion. And the Euclidean distance error and the maximum error are 0.0422 and 0.09, respectively. This novel correction technique can effectively increase the accuracy of laser spot position and can further improve the performance of the galvanometric scanning system.
HARQ Performance Analysis in IEEE 802.16m System
Authors: Tseng Hsien Wei , Jan Yih Guang , Lee Wei Chen , Lu Shih Nan , Lee Yang Han , Chuang Ming Hsueh
Published: March 2013

In this paper we simulate and analyze the system performance of implementing two Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (HARQ) architectures for IEEE 802.16m system, one is a modified Type I HARQ architecture with adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme and the other is the Chase Combining. In the simulation, the buffer size of HARQ has been set to certain limit and under the condition of having the packet error ratio (PER) limited by 10% then the selection of proper HARQ structure with suitable AMC scheme for IEEE 802.16m system has been proposed for mobile speeds at 3 km/hr, 80 km/hr or 350 km/hr and with a distance of 300m between the mobile station and its serving base station.
Annealing Effects on Hydrophobic AlN Coatings
Authors: Yang Yu Sen , Cho Ting Pin , Lin Jia Hau
Published: March 2013

The effects of annealing at various annealing temperature on hydrophobic AlN coatings were investigated. AlN coatings were deposited in Ar/N2 plasma by using reactive magnetron sputtering process. Two medium frequency (MF) powered Al targets were used. AlN coatings were annealed in air at 300°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C, respectively. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties were evaluated by using water contact angle (WCA) measurement. Microstructure and morphology were observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (XPS), respectively. According to the results revealed by XRD and SEM, AlN possess hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structures and good crystallization. The morphology of AlN coating after annealing at 800°C is still similar to the as-deposited AlN coating. As the annealing temperature increases to 1000°C, the XRD peaks of Al2O3 phase can be clearly identified. The main XRD peaks of the AlN coatings still can be found after annealing at 1100°C. The as-deposited AlN coating exhibits hydrophobic behavior and the highest WCA of 119°. As the annealing temperature increases to 300°C, the WCA decreases sharply to 77°. The lower WCA of AlN coatings obtained after annealing is related to the Al2O3 thin films upon AlN coatings.
Degradation Mechanism of III-V Triple Junction Solar Cells Analyzed Using Step Stress Tests
Authors: Hong Hwen Fen , Wei Jin , Chiang Mei Hui , Shih Zun Hao , Uen Wu Yih , Hsu Yi Ru , Chung Cheng Ban , Lee Yueh Mu
Published: March 2013

We analyzed the degradation mechanism of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge triple junction solar cells without coating any protective film. Gradual degradation in the dark and light I-V characteristics of the solar cells were observed after the step stress accelerated degradation tests (SSADT) were conducted on these devices sequentially at 90, 110, 130 and 150°Cfor 25, 55, 85 and 135 hours, respectively. The recombination current in the depletion region at the chip perimeter of solar cells, resulting in the decrease of open-circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF) and efficiency, is suggested to be the important degradation mechanism for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge triple junction solar cells.
The Effect of the Different Core Layer on Polymer Asymmetric Bragg Couplers
Authors: Hsu Fang Chang , Liao Che Yi , Yu Xiao Han , Lai Xuan Ming , Ho Chi Ting
Published: March 2013

In this work, we successfully developed a process to fabricate dual-channel polymeric waveguide filters based on an asymmetric Bragg coupler using holographic interference techniques, soft lithography, and micro molding. At the cross- and self-reflection Bragg wavelengths, the transmission dips of approximately –16.5 and –11.7dB relative to the 3dB background insertion loss and the 3dB transmission bandwidths of approximately 0.6 and 0.5nm were obtained from an ABC-based filter. The transmission spectrum overlaps when the effective index difference between two single waveguides is less than 0.0025.
A Generalized Frame-Level FSBM FLSA Architecture
Authors: Liu Li Chang , Chien Jong Chih , Hsu Yu Wei
Published: March 2013

Block-based motion estimation plays important roles in video applications such as video compression to detect movements as well as remove temporal redundancies between successive frames. Full-search block-matching (FSBM) is the preferred algorithm for accurate motion estimation. Frame-level pipelined systolic array (FLSA) FSBM architectures have advantages over block-level pipelined architectures in their simpler control and reduced number of memory accesses. In this paper, a frame-level pipelined FSBM motion estimation architecture using array processor for any square, N×N, block size is presented in full detail.
An Efficient Heuristic-Based Algorithm for Path Tracking Using Wireless Signals
Authors: Lin Wei Cheng , Chang Huai Yu , Huang Yu Jung , Chu Shao I , Lin Yung Chien , Yeh Tsung Yu
Published: March 2013

This paper presents the research of an intelligent local search method for dynamic indoor path tracking over a low-cost, simple connected wireless sensor network (WSN) in the applications of the tour guidance in the theme exhibition, large-scale market and shopping center, etc. The enhanced heuristic-based path tracking algorithm (EHPTA) incorporates the weighted vertex-in-the-intersection method for wireless triangulation and explores three searching steps for dynamic path tracking while considering the effects of received signal deterioration through a RSSI (received signal strength indication) vs. distance curve which have been plotted by experimental measurements. Four kinds of scenarios of total 13 simulated paths and 2 real paths, an 8-meter-perimeter square path and a 16-meter zigzag-like path, have been designed and tracked to evaluate the proposed algorithm’s performance on tracking optimality. The numerical results show that the EHPTA achieves an outstanding performance among the developed techniques.
Use of the Fuzzy-Based Taguchi Method for the Optimization Design of an Ultrathin Centrifugal Fan
Authors: Hsien Kuang Hung , Huang Shyh Chour
Published: March 2013

This paper presents the use of fuzzy-based Taguchi method to optimize the design of the ultrathin centrifugal fan with multiple performance characteristics. An orthogonal array, the S/N ratio, MPCI, ANOVA, and CFD were used to study the multiple-objectives in the ultrathin centrifugal fan design. The design parameters, outlet dimensions, inlet dimensions, blade angle, and impeller diameter were optimized with considerations of the performance characteristics, including volume flow rate, static pressure, and noise. The results demonstrate that operation section of the new fan P-Q curve design was larger than that of the original design. This study also identified the optimized design parameters that affect the cooling performance of the centrifugal fan.
3D Image Encryption Using Integral Imaging Scheme and MLCA Technology
Authors: Kim Dong Hwan , Piao Yong Ri , Cho Sung Jin , Kim Seok Tae
Published: March 2013

A new 3D image encryption method using integral imaging technology and maximum length cellular automata (MLCA) is proposed in this paper. First, an elemental image (EI) is generated by the integral imaging pickup process. The Wolfram rule is then selected and the state transition matrix, T, is created by MLCA. A random number matrix (RNM) is generated according to the MLCA rule. The generated EI and RNM are compared and pixel values are transitioned. Finally, a basis image is generated by another MLCA rule. The basis image is applied by performing a logic bit exclusive-OR (XOR) operation on the final encrypted image. This method changes the basic image information. Using pixel values to visualize image data gives better encryption results than the previous method. The robustness of the encryption method for lost data, including added noise or cropping attacks, was analyzed and the results of encryption method safety test experiments are presented using histograms.
A Forward Moving Method for Continuous Nearest Neighbor Queries
Authors: Shen Jun Hong , Chang Ye In , Wu Chen Chang , Liu Ta Wei
Published: March 2013

A continuous nearest neighbor (CNN) query retrieves the nearest neighbor of every point on a line segment and indicates its valid segments. Zheng et al. have proposed a Hilbert-curve index for the CNN query. This method contains two phases, searching candidates in the approximate search range, and filtering the candidates to get the final answer. However, it may determine a wide search range in the first phase based on this method, resulting in the decrease of the accuracy and the increase of the processing time. Therefore, in this paper, to avoid this disadvantage, we propose a forward moving method to efficiently support the CNN queries. The proposed method locally expands the search range along the query line segment to find the neighbors. Experimental results show that our method outperforms Zheng et al.’s method in terms of the accuracy and the processing time.
Effects of an Extended Amphipathic Helix on Intermolecular Interactions and Self-Assembly of Peptides via Pulsed Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Lee Chang Shin , Tung Wei Cheng
Published: March 2013

Intermolecular interactions are of fundamental importance to fully comprehend the formation mechanism of a nanostructure created by peptides. Four peptides, segmented from human neuropeptide Y (hNPY), were synthesized in this work to study the interaction between species. Information about intermolecular interactions was extracted from their self-assembly behaviors. The results from pulsed field gradient NMR data revealed that one of the peptides may undergo a more favorable self-assembly as temperature was increased, while other three peptides were found to form larger self-assemblies at lower temperatures and continuously dissociate into the monomeric form with increasing temperature. We characterized the changes of the oligomeric states with respect to temperature to infer the effects of entropy and interacting energetics on the self-assembly behavior. We demonstrated that an extended C-terminal helix may improve the binding of TFE, and as a result, entropy is gained via the transfer of the TFE cluster from the interface between monomeric peptides into the bulk solvent. This observation suggests that the self-assembly behavior may be modulated by the entropy and the energetics contributed by the helical segments in a self-assembly process.
An Efficient Genetic Encoding Scheme for Multiplierless Color Space Converter Design
Authors: Chen Ching Yi , Chen Ching Han , Ma Chih Hao , Wu Po Yi
Published: March 2013

Color space conversion has become a very important role in image and video processing systems. To speed up some processing processes, many communication and multimedia video compression schemes use luminance-chrominance type color spaces, such as YCbCr or YUV, making a mechanism for converting between different formats necessary. Therefore, techniques which efficiently implement this conversion are desired. For the recent years, a new field of research called Evolvable Hardware (EHW) has emerged which combines aspects of evolutionary computation with hardware design and synthesis. It is a new scheme inspired by natural evolution, for automatic design of hardware systems. This paper presents a novel evolutionary approach for efficient implementation of a RGB to YCbCr color space converter suitable for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs) and VLSI. In the proposed method, we use the genetic algorithm to automatically evolve the multiplierless architecture of the color space converter. The architecture employs only a few shift and addition operations to replace the complex multiplications. The experimental results represent that the performance of implemented architecture is good at RGB to YCbCr color space converting, and it also has the advantages of high-speed, low-complexity, and low-area.
An Efficient Secret Image Sharing Scheme
Authors: Wu Kuang Shyr , Lo Tsung Ming
Published: March 2013

This paper refers to a novel (r, n)-threshold secret image sharing scheme with low information overhead. The secret image is encoded into n noise-like shadow images in such a way that any r of the n shares can be used to reveal the secret, and no information about the secret can be revealed from any r–1 or fewer shares. The size of the shadow images is relatively small. Compared with the commonly used in the field of secret image sharing “Thien-Lin algorithm (2002),” the proposed scheme provides an alternative solution for light images. For the security analysis in the case of a 256x256 gray level secret image, if a hacker acquires any r – 1 shadow images, the hacker can construct only r – 1 equations, then the possibility of guessing the right solution is only 1/256. Hence, there are (256x256)/r polynomials, the possibility of obtaining the right image is only (1/256) (256x256)/r. The experimental results and theoretically analysis demonstrate that the proposed scheme performs well.
Automatic Facial Aging/Rejuvenating Synthesis Method
Authors: Hsieh Ching Tang , Hu Chia Shing , Pan Chun Wei
Published: March 2013

At present, the synthesizing faces of different ages does not emphasize on feature alignment and rectification of twisted images. If these situations do happen, they might cause failure and inaccuracy on synthesizing images. In this paper, we propose a reversible human facial aging/rejuvenating synthesis system which is implemented by Active Shape Model (ASM) integrated with Log-Gabor Wavelet, which can be used to search for the dementia elderly. First, we use AdaBoost and ASM algorithm to extract the feature set of human face, and rectify them by the concept of facial geometric invariance. The invariant concepts are the distance between inner corners of both eyes and the distance between the nose and chin. Then, we find manually one target image which is similar to the test image from the database, and analyze age texture of this human image by Log-Gabor wavelet in order to retrieve decomposition maps. Finally, we can effectively simulate human facial images of people of different ages by controlling the number of decomposition map of images and objectively judge the results via the density of wrinkles.
Automatic MIDI Genre Conversion
Authors: Chang Hsing Ching , Yang Chuan Kai
Published: March 2013

It is generally believed that the same piece of music, after a change of melody or associated instrument, could often elicit a different emotion, thus resulting in a change of music style. However, so far there have been rarely systematic studies on the relationships among the tunes, instruments, and aroused feelings. This paper proposes a framework to perform an automatic style conversion for the music represented in a MIDI format. Compared with most existing tools for music compositions where a professional background is usually assumed, we aim to provide a user-friendly system such that, with simply a mouse click, a desired music style transformation could be achieved by automatically adjusting the associated tempo and instruments of the music. Numerous music styles have been tested and results are quite satisfactory. We believe such a framework could be standardized and adopted in nowadays portable devices, such as laptops, tablet PCs, PDA, or smart phones.
Human Body and Body Part Movement Analysis Using Gyroscope, Accelerometer and Compass
Authors: Yong Ching Yee , Sudirman Rubita , Mahmood Nasrul Humaimi , Chew Kim Mey
Published: March 2013

This study investigates and acts as a trial clinical outcome for human motion and behaviour analysis in consensus of health related quality of life in Malaysia. It was developed to analyse and access the quality of human limbs motion that can be used in hospitals, clinics and human motion researches. An experiment was set up in a laboratory environment with conjunction of analysing human motion and its behaviour. The instruments demonstrate adequate internal consistency of results as below: 1. Compass sensor gives a better result with less standard deviation values especially in x-axis according descriptive statistical data. 2. Compass sensor gives a clearer scatter plot for better classification. 3. R2 (amount of variation explained) for sensor attached on arm is lower than hip and that means data collected from this site have a consistent trend. A
Human Hand Movement Analysis Using Principle Component Analysis Classifier
Authors: Yong Ching Yee , Sudirman Rubita , Mahmood Nasrul Humaimi , Chew Kim Mey
Published: March 2013

This study investigates and acts as a trial clinical outcome for human motion and behavior analysis in order to investigate human arm movement during jogging and walking. It was developed to analyze and access the quality of human motion that can be used in hospitals, clinics and human motion researches. It aims to establish how widespread the movement and motion of arm will bring to effect of human in life. An experiment was set up in a laboratory environment with conjunction of analyzing human motion and its behavior. The instruments demonstrate adequate internal consistency of optimum scatter plot in gyroscope and accelerometer for pattern classification. PCA used in this study was successfully differentiate and classify
Macro Segmentation and Content Analysis of TV Broadcast Stream
Authors: Dong Yuan , Wang Le Zi , Zhang Ji Wei , Bai Hong Liang , Zhao Jian
Published: March 2013

This study addresses a non-supervised approach to extract TV programs via repetition based detection of the Inter-Programs (IPs) and audio based segmentation and classification algorithm to analyze the massive raw TV stream. Acoustic and visual information are both adopted for IPs detection so as to avoid missing true-positive. Novel audio fingerprints scheme and shot based indexing algorithm are introduced to guarantee the efficient and superior detection performance. After the TV programs are further segmented into clips, Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) are used to classify the clips into three types, namely, pure speech, non-pure speech, and non-speech. Experiments on a test dataset composed of more than 500 hours content-unknown TV streams show that the F-measure of the programs extraction and content analysis achieve 0.986 and 0.887 respectively. The experiments also demonstrate that the proposed algorithm for detecting repeated IPs outperforms the state-of-art approach.
A Web-Based Arduino Supervisory Control System
Authors: Tung Shu Chu , Li Wu Jeng , Huang Shih Miao , Lai Yi Ting
Published: March 2013

This paper designs a web-based Arduino supervisory control system. Arduino controller is utilized as a local controller to fit into a supervisory control framework. The framework includes a central server, a SMS device attached to the server, multiple local controllers, a remote control program and a ladder logic computer-aided design program. The Arduino controller contains an Arduino USB board and an Ethernet shield. The USB board provides basic input/output and processing power, while the Ethernet shield provides TCP/IP connection capability. The Arduino controller communicates with supervisory server with a specific m2m protocol which is based on http protocol. In this paper, the http protocol and m2m protocol is fulfilled based on TCP connection in an Arduino controller. Once an Arduino controller is plugged into the supervisory control system, it can be monitored and controlled remotely with any browser. The web-based Arduino supervisory control system is used to provide remote supervisory control service of water pumping systems of multistorey buildings scattered in big Taipei area by a small company.
Design and Realization of Smart Objects-Search System Based on RFID
Authors: Xia Ling Ming , Zhang Jian Dong , Wu Jun Zhao
Published: March 2013

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a new technology of auto identification. This paper just begins to introduce how to design a Smart Objects-search system by the use of the RF chip NRF24L01 on the basis of RFID. A method of hardware and software designation in RF wireless transceiver and a simple way of power supply are proposed. This paper also analyze the strongpoint and shortcoming of these methods, and point out the area for further improvement. In the end, this paper illustrates how the system works. The results show that modular design method is workable and reliable for RF Circuit designation.
A Modified Least Significant Bit Embedding with Error Correction
Authors: Liang Hsin Ying , Cheng Chia Hsin , Yang Cheng Ying , Zhang Kun Fu
Published: March 2013

This paper proposes a modified Least significant bit (LSB) embedding capable of both a high embedding payload and error correction. The method proposed in this paper combines the techniques of both LSB embedding and multilevel coding to produce stego images with error correction capability and high embedding payloads. The proposed method divides cover work into multiple blocks, and each LSB for all the pixels in each block is considered a layer. Reed-Muller codes are used to encode cipher and embed data into every layer. LSB embedding has no inherent capability to correct errors in cipher extraction, but the proposed method can correct some errors according to the error correction capability of multilevel coding. Compared with LSB embedding, simulation results show that the proposed method has a similar peak signal noise ratio (PSNR) and embedding payload. The peak signal noise ratio (PSNR) exceeds 40 dB by using our proposed method. Additionally, our proposed method offers significantly superior embedding payloads and error correction capabilities.
A Study of Cloud Computing Based Intelligent Scheduling System for Manufacturing Quality
Authors: Huang Chung Lin , Huang Chung Chi
Published: March 2013

In the paper, a cloud computing based intelligent scheduling system for manufacturing quality is proposed. Most of scheduling system is only considered producing time but manufacturing quality. It is very important to focus on manufacturing quality for the industry upgrade. The factors of manufacturing quality are product, equipment, material and human. It makes higher cost for scheduling the flexible manufacturing system. So we develop the cloud computing-based intelligent scheduling system by using artificial neural network and optimized layout method for manufacturing quality in the research. The architecture of the intelligent scheduling system contains: (1) Cloud database structure. (2) Intelligent scheduling engine. (3) Real-time human-machine interface. SQL Azure is used as the cloud database for scattering and storing data. And the intelligent scheduling engine contains the intelligent sequence score system of the products, the optimized layout system and the monitoring system of available resources. By using Visual C#, we can program a human-machine interface with real-time data updating. So that we can see real-time scheduling states of manufacturing by the human-machine interface at any time everywhere. We get good performance from the results of the experiment in the intelligent scheduling system considering manufacturing quality. It is important to develop a cloud computing-based intelligent scheduling system for manufacturing quality because of the advantages of production fluency, low cost, just good quality and flexible management.
An Experimental Platform for Cross-Language Document Retrieval
Authors: Wang Long Yue , Wong Derek F. , Chao Lidia S.
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a proposed Cross-Language Document Retrieval experimental platform integrated with preprocessing of training data, document translation, query generation, document retrieval and precision evaluation modules. Given a certain document in source language, it will be translated into target language by statistical machine translation module which is trained by selected training data. The query generation module then selects the most relevant words in the translated version of the document as searching query. After all the documents in the target language are ranked by the document retrieval module, the system will choose the N-best documents as its target language versions. Finally, the results can be evaluated by precision evaluator, which can reflect the merits of the strategies. Experimental results showed that this platform was effective and achieved very good performance.
Analytic Network Process Decision-Making to Downloadable Content System
Authors: Chen Hong Zhou , Huang Jing Fu
Published: March 2013

The worsening impact of piracy in recent years, downloadable content system is the current trend to against Piracy. The main purpose of the study download content elements, can effectively provide attractive of content, the downloadable content to enter a more competitive edge. Its elements of the downloadable content will be different. This study places the focus on the use of network-level analysis (ANP) decision support tools, different elements of the downloadable content systems effectiveness in the fight against piracy analysis of case studies. The combination of network-level analysis-based approach, this paper can provide game publishers with the method of downloadable content production, realistic, and accurately in the selection of downloadable content system.
Classification of Photovoltaic Research Papers by Using Text-Mining Techniques
Authors: Lee Hyo Seong , Song Hae Goo , Lee Hee Sang
Published: March 2013

The research described in this article focuses on one important aspect of monitoring scientific and technological trends and tries to examine topics of research and trends in the photovoltaic field. The data used to examine the research and trends were scientific and technological literature published during the last five years, which were exhaustively collected from the two SCI journals that specialize in photovoltaic and solar energy research. In order to analyze the 2,031 academic papers colllected, text-mining was applied. As a result, research topics were identified through document clustering and classified through text categorization into four major subjects; ‘Cell’, ‘Module/Array’, ‘System’ and ‘Relative/Advanced.’