bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agroecological assessment of spring rapeseed varieties in forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Prakhova Tatyana Yakovlevna , Chetverikov Fedor Petrovich , Letuchy Alexander Vladiirovich
Published: July 2024

The article presents an agroecological assessment of spring rapeseed varieties for productivity and adaptability in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The object of research was 14 varieties of spring rapeseed of domestic and foreign selection. The experiment was carried out in 2020-2023 on the fields of the FSBRI. Meteorological conditions during the years of research were contrasting. The hydrothermal coefficient varied from 0.70 (2020) to 1.24 (2022). On average for 2020-2023, the yield of spring rapeseed varieties was quite high and varied between 1.67-1.86 t/ha. The highest productivity was observed in the varieties Ruyan (1.86 t/ha), Rif (1.84 t/ha), Sibiryak-60 (1.83 t/ha), Ability (1.82 t/ha) and Novosel (1.81 t/ha). These varieties were 0.14-0.19 t/ha higher than the standard variety Galant. The variability in the yield of varieties over the years was average, the coefficient of variation was 3.16-12.34%. The varieties Erebus (Cv = 12.34%) and Nadezhny 92 (Cv = 11.81 %) were characterized by the greatest variation in yield. The most stable varieties over the years were Novosel and Galant, the coefficient of variation of which was 3.46 and 3.16 %. The highest oil content was observed in the Tavrion (46.9 %) and Ruyan (46.6 %) varieties; the increase relative to the standard was 5.2 and 4.9 %. The content of erucic acid remained quite low and varied from 0.06 % in the Duke variety to 2.35 % in the Nadezhny 92 variety. The highest content of oleic acid (65.42 and 65.77 %) was observed in the Tavrion and Ruyan varieties. High environmental sustainability was noted in the varieties Novosel (-0.15) and Galant (-0.12), high genetic flexibility - in the varieties Rif (1.89) and Ruyan (1.87 t/ha). These varieties have a high level of stability (110.2 and 111.4), which indicates their ability to maintain a consistently high level of yield in different climatic conditions. All studied varieties had high agronomic stability (87.66-96.84 %) and a coefficient of responsiveness to improving growing conditions (1.08-1.33). The varieties Ruyan, Rif, Sibiryak-60, Novosel, Neman and Ability have a high degree of agroecological adaptability, which characterizes their resistance to changing environmental factors and responsiveness to improved agroclimatic conditions.
Assessment of damage caused by leaf-beating insects to plantings in the Lower Volga region
Authors: Dubrovin Vladimir Viktorovich , Eskov Ivan Dmitrievich , Silaev Alexey Ivanovich
Published: July 2024

In forest plantations located in the plantations of the Lower Volga region, outbreaks of mass reproduction of many forest insects often occur, causing weakening and drying out of woody plants over large areas. It has been revealed that pests are capable of causing significant environmental and economic damage through their damage and reducing the environmental protection and environment-forming properties of plantings. Defoliation of crowns leads to loss of tree growth, which ultimately affects the quality and quantity of the resulting wood. It has been established that of the many species of dendrophilous phytophages, the most dangerous are leaf-eaters, among which the predominant gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar L.), green oak budworm (Tortrix viridana L.), lacewing (Euproctis chrysorroea L.), and ringed cocoon moth (Malacosoma neustria) are the most dangerous. L.), winter moth (Operophthora brumata L.).
Application of corn extract in poultry feeding
Authors: Osepchuk Denis Vasilievich , Svistunov Andrey Anatolievich , Agarkova Natalya Vasilievna , Danilova Aleksandra Aleksandrovna , Smolin Sergey Anatolievich
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of studying the efficiency of using 6.50% corn extract (CE) and a mixture of 6.20% CE and perlite (in a ratio of 3.42:1) by weight of compound feed in compound feed for Arbor Acres broilers. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of complete feed with corn extract on the main zootechnical parameters, intestinal microbiome and biochemical status of broiler chickens. Methods. The experiment was carried out in the conditions of an experimental vivarium of the Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine in accordance with the generally accepted methodology. In the second and third experimental groups, there was a tendency to increase the live weight of birds by 4.4 and 1.7% compared to the control, respectively. Feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain of chickens were higher than the control by 4.2% and 3.6%. The survival rate in the second and third groups increased by 2.7 abs. %. There were no significant differences in the content of lacto- and bifidobacteria in the caecum of the birds of the control and experimental groups. There was a significant increase in the content of total protein in the blood serum of broiler chickens of the third group by 9.0% (P<0.05), glucose - by 26.7% (P<0.05), cholesterol - by 12.3% (Р<0.05), chlorides – by 2.4% (Р<0.01). There was a significant decrease in the level of inorganic phosphorus in the third group by 9.9% (P<0.05). The Ca/P ratio in the third experimental group was higher by 13.6% (P<0.05). However, all indicators were within the reference values. Therefore, the use of corn extract and a mixture of CE with perlite did not have a negative effect on the bird's body.
Modeling of labor costs during the operation of a forest harvester
Authors: Sergeeva Tatiana Vladilavovna , Gilyazova Tatiana Arkadievna , Rukomojnikov Konstantin Pavlovich , Tsarev Evgeny Mikhailovich , Petuhov Igor Valerievich , Anisimov Pavel Nikolaevich
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the reasons for reducing labor costs during the operation of a forest harvester on final cutting and increasing them during selective cutting. The diagrams of the harvester movement during various types of timber cutting with the identification of their distinctive features are given. The aim of the study is to improve mathematical dependencies, calculation of labor costs when performing selective cutting using a forest harvester. The analysis of the elements of the cycle time, depending on the proportion of the felled component in the total composition of the stand, is carried out. Based on the created simulation model, new mathematical dependences have been developed for calculating the time of pointing the manipulator at a tree, moving fallen trees into the processing zone and moving the harvester between growing trees. A variant of calculating the full cycle time of the harvester in swath and comparing the results with the results obtained using previously known mathematical dependencies is proposed. Despite the fact that the created simulation model was used for input data corresponding to the work of the Silvatec 8266TH harvester, the use of the results obtained for other logging machines of this type will improve approaches to labor rationing and analysis of work efficiency with sufficient accuracy for practical purposes.
Restoring the soil fertility of carbonate soils in landscape farming systems
Authors: Kotlyarova Ekaterina Gennadievna , Akinchin Alexander Vladimirovich , Linkov Sergei Aleksandrovich , Kuzmina Olga Sergeevna
Published: July 2024

In the extremely difficult soil and landscape conditions of the Krasnogvardeisk test site in the Belgorod region, it was possible to stop erosion losses, which contributed to an increase in the carbonate soils fertility. Despite the short period in terms of the natural rates of the soil-forming process, a statistically significant increase in the humus status of soils was established. The content of organic matter in the arable layer increased by 0.64% (abs.) on average for the site, by 0.87% (abs.) in the soils of the southern slope. In the subsoil layer, the increase ranged from 0.67 to 0.75% (abs.) depending on the relief element. The humus content in the soils of forest belts is on average slightly higher than in the space between the belts. This is caused by higher (2.5 times) rates of humus accumulation in the first period after the development of landscape farming systems. The accumulation of humus contributed to the optimization of the reaction of the soil environment. The shift in pHs values from the area of alkaline reaction, characteristic of washed away carbonate soils, to the area of neutral and close to neutral values is statistically significant. An increase in the overall soil cultivation of the Krasnogvardeisk test site is evidenced by the transition to a higher level of provision with mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Application of “Doramectin AVZ” in the treatment of sheep with nematodes and oestrosis
Authors: Kolesnikov Vladimir Ivanovich , Engasheva Ekaterina Sergeevna , Chetvertnov Vitaliy Ivanovich
Published: July 2024

Among diseases of farm animals, veterinary specialists pay the greatest attention to parasitoses, including nematodes of the gastrointestinal tract and oestrosis, which cause great economic damage to sheep farming. The purpose of research was to study the effectiveness of the medication “Doramectin AVZ” when treating intestinal nematodes and oestrosis in sheep. The work was carried out on farms in the village Turksad of Levokumsky District and stanitsa Filimonovskaya of Izobilnensky District in the Stavropol Territory, where in the first experiment, based on the results of scatoscopy, 70 lambs with a body weight of 20-25 kg were selected. They were intensively infected with nematodes of the gastrointestinal tract (Ostertagia, Nematodirus, Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Chabertia, Bunostomum, Oesophagostomum), and divided into an experimental (50 heads) and control (20 heads) groups. In the second experiment on the same farm, based on the results of clinical studies, 20 lambs, which were infected with the larvae of Oestrus ovis, were selected. They were divided into experimental (15 heads) and control (5 heads) groups. The lambs of the experimental groups were administered the medication  "Doramectin AVZ" at a dose of 1 ml/50 kg of animal body weight once, subcutaneously in the neck area. Based on the results of scatological studies in two commercial experiments, it was established that the intensive efficiency of the medication  “Doramectin AVZ” at a dose of 1 ml/50 kg of animal body weight, which was applied once, was 90.5 – 93.7% with an extensive efficiency of 90% against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. According to the results of clinical studies and autopsies of the nasal cavities of sheep, no Oestrus ovis larvae were found out, which indicated that the medication “Doramectin AVZ” was 100% effective for treating oestrosis in sheep.
Method and research results of a slot separator for bulk materials
Authors: Pugachev Vladimir Valerievich , Petko Viktor Gavrilovich , Shakhov Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Rakhimzhanova Ilmira Agzamovna , Pushko Vladislav Anatolievich , Baikov Aleksey Sergeevich
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of interaction between separating elements, which are a pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions, and bulk separated material. To study this interaction, an experimental setup was made that makes it possible to change the main design and operating parameters: the frequency and amplitude of vibration of the rollers, as well as their angle of inclination. For the kinematic scheme, a theoretical analysis was carried out and calculation using the Mathcad mathematical package of the dependences of the speed of movement of particles of the separated material on the vibration frequency and the angle of inclination of the separator rollers. These dependences are strictly linear. This made it possible to approximate the calculation results obtained by implementing the proposed rather complex algorithm with the simplest function of two independent variables. The complete coincidence of the approximated and approximating dependences of the movement speed on the indicated variables is shown. In turn, they coincide with a sufficient degree of accuracy with the results obtained experimentally.
Application of agrochemicals to increase the seed productivity of soybean crops during irrigation in the conditions of the Saratov Left Bank
Authors: Poletaev Ilya Sergeevich , Korsak Viktor Vladislavovich , Chetverikov Fedor Petrovich , Shchennikova Daria Alekseevna , Kudryavtsev Grigori Mikhailovich
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the issue of optimizing the nutrition of soybean plants under irrigation using phosphogypsum ameliorant and foliar treatment with organomineral fertilizer OMEK Universal. As a result of three years of research in the Saratov Left Bank zone, it was revealed that the application of phosphogypsum in various doses reduces soil density to 1.21 g/cm3. The combined use of phosphogypsum at a dose of 4 t/ha and foliar feeding with OMEK Universal at a dose of 0.6 kg/ha increases soybean yield to 2.85 t/ha, protein content - up to 47.95%, fat - up to 19.0 % with a profitability level of 267.44 %.
Phytosanitary threats to oat crops on North-West of Russia
Authors: Shpanev Аlexander Мikhailovich , Smuk Vasiliy Vasilievich
Published: July 2024

The expediency of using plant protection products in the cultivation of oat in the North-West of the Russian Federation should be based on the data of monitoring of harmful organisms in the plantings of the crop, which are not available for modern land use conditions in this region. The monitoring of spread and development of harmful organisms in oat crop was conducted in the crop rotation including cereals, grasses and row crops in Menkovo branch of Agrophysical Research Institute (Leningrad region, Gatchina district) during 2020–2023. By the results of the study composition of harmful organisms which have economic importance of the cultivation of this crop in the soil and climatic conditions of the North-West of Russia was clarified. As weed plants there were lamb’s quarters, field pansy, hempnettles, corn spurry, as pest insects were Oscinella frit and bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), as a desease was oat leaf blotch. These species are associated with the main phytosanitary threats to oat crops, and regular monitoring and if necessary plant protection measures are required. Of secondary importance for the formation of oat yields are large cereal aphids (Sitobion avenae), leechweeds (Oulema spp.), leafminers (Agromyza spp.), leafhoppers, grain, field and grass bugs, as well as root rot, powdery mildew, crown and stem rust. Among the entomophages in oat crops, the most numerous were coccinellids and syrphids; lacewings and aphidiids were found in smaller numbers. It was revealed that the favorable phytosanitary conditions are more often observed in oat crop in the North-West of Russia that does not imply large crop losses from harmful organisms.
Peculiarities of growth of Simmental bull calves using different raising technologies
Authors: Shevkhuzhev Anatolii Foadovich , Pogodaev Vladimir Anikeevich , Turianskaia Mariia Ivanovna
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the work was to establish the characteristics of the growth and development of bull calves of the Simmental breed depending on the raising technology: 1 – traditional technology, which is used on farms (indoors); 2 – using graziery and finishing. The raising technology had a significant impact on the live weight of bull calves and on the amount of gain in different age periods. The difference in the arithmetic average live weight between groups I and II was: at 6 months – 11.2 kg (P>0.99); at 14 months – 20.3 kg (P>0.999); at 18 months – 43.9 kg (P>0.999) in favor of bull calves of the second experimental group. During the entire growing period, the average daily gain of bull calves of group II was 80 g greater than that of bull calves of group I. On average, by the age of one and a half years, bull calves of group II were 43.9 kg heavier than their herdmates of group I. At 14 months of age, per 1 kg of live weight gain, 4.09 energetic feed units were consumed in group II and 4.50 in group I, which is 0.41 energetic feed units less, and at 18 months of age, 7.02 and 7.74 energetic feed units respectively, which is 0.72 energetic feed units less. At 18 months of age, the digestibility coefficients in both groups were high, but in young animals of group II, the digestibility coefficients of fiber were 18.2% and fat 17.9% higher than in bull calves from group I. Thus, judging by the coefficient of digestibility of all nutrients and especially by the digestibility coefficient of fiber for all periods of the experiment, the highest ability to digest substances was developed in bull calves of group II, which were raised on diets with a high specific weight of bulk succulent feed.
Investigating Team Level KSAs in Cybersecurity: Insights from Observing a Cybersecurity-Themed Board Game Pilot Study
Authors: Fausett Crystal M. , Korentsides Jenna M. , Patel Sabina M. , Schuster David , Lazzara Elizabeth H. , Keebler Joseph R.
Published: July 2024

Effective teamwork plays a crucial role in the dynamic field of cybersecurity. However, identifying the specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) required for successful cybersecurity teamwork poses challenges. One of these challenges is limited access to proprietary information, which hinders the study of cybersecurity teamwork KSAs. To address this issue, this research proposes the use of a cybersecurity-themed board game as an experimental testbed to observe and analyze teamwork dynamics. By studying teamwork within this simulated environment, valuable insights can be gained that have the potential to translate to real-world cybersecurity teams. This research aims to contribute to the understanding of cybersecurity team dynamics and inform the development of future experimental testbeds that can provide insights into effective cybersecurity teamwork. By acknowledging the challenges associated with limited accessibility and employing innovative methodologies, this study seeks to make meaningful contributions to knowledge of cybersecurity teamwork.
TRAPS - A Visual Analytics System for Public Health Surveillance
Authors: Anreddy Sujan Ranjan Reddy , Sergi Katerina , McMillen Robert , Stouffer Colleen , Valentine Nell
Published: July 2024

This article proposes a visual analytic framework for monitoring and evaluating preven- tive health programs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed an evaluation framework that focuses on a set of guidelines for public health professionals to evaluate public health programs. This article underlines a growing need for a visual analytic framework to support public health professionals with tasks related to managing programmatic activities and helping them monitor and evaluate ongoing efforts to plan for future programs. Visual analytic frameworks are conceptualized to address domain-specific tasks that equip domain experts with analytical reasoning to make better decisions. We present the Tobacco Reporting and Progress System (TRAPS), a visual analytic system used for managing and evaluating tobacco cessation programs in Mississippi. We assessed the TRAPS data portal based on user logs and the program evaluator’s observations uti- lizing the system for evaluating tobacco control programs. The TRAPS data portal could also be used to help monitor and report other preventive public health programs with similar needs.
Generalized Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Detection with Transfer and Continual Learning
Authors: Annan Richard , Qin Hong , Qingge Letu
Published: July 2024

Deep learning has achieved great success for detecting COVID-19 from CT scan images. However, there is lack of generalization ability for the existing models. For example, one model with a higher prediction accuracy developed on one dataset cannot be used to pre- dict on another dataset. Thus, developing a robust deep learning model that has a great generalization ability is a significant need. In this paper, we first apply three deep learning models, namely convolutional neural network (CNN), capsule neural network (CapsNet) and vision transformer (ViT) and test their generalization abilities. Then, we develop and hypertune the models based on transfer learning to generalize the model performance on new datasets. However, the transfer learning technique always has the catastrophic forgetting issue which lead to lower prediction accuracy on its original training dataset. Lastly, we will apply continual learning based on modified elastic weight consolidation (EWC) regularization technique to address the catastrophic forgetting issue and improve the models’ prediction accuracy on both new and original training datasets. Our results on cross-data validation show that our proposed models not only achieve better prediction accuracy of up to 97.85% compared with the existing state-of-the-art models, but also the proposed models with EWC show great generalization ability and retain the higher prediction accuracy on both new dataset and the training dataset. Extensive experiments show that our proposed COVID-CNN model with EWC outperforms ViT and CapsNet with an impressive 82.26% knowledge retention rate on the original training dataset. Our developed code can be found from https://github.com/astonish24/-QinggeLab BICOB24.
Building Holistic Situation Awareness through Large Language Models
Authors: McDaniel Emma , Ruvinsky Alicia
Published: July 2024

In order to design a system to support a users’ situation awareness as they navigate and execute in a complex domain, the information landscape for the domain must be defined. Such a landscape becomes critical for recognizing and evaluating deficiencies in a user’s cognitive processing of the information landscape, and as such, the user’s state of situation awareness. This paper leverages previous work in defining the information landscape for the domain of rotorcraft pilotage, and explores an approach to identifying common deficiencies in a user’s awareness of the information landscape. This paper takes into account prominent frameworks on situation awareness, and presents a methodology leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to identify common information deficiencies occurring at various phases of rotorcraft flight through text mining aviation incident and accident reports. Once these deficiencies are identified, the system can provide holistic situation awareness considering a larger data space than the user, and also provide human-centered awareness of prioritized concerns of situation awareness factors and possible mitigations.
A Description of Strengthening COVID-19 Cognitive Cloud to Health Systems by Costa Rican Community Design
Authors: Smith Danielle Taana , McKnight Lee W. , Cattani Stefano , Salas-Castro Alvaro , Appiah-Okyere Jane A.
Published: July 2024

Strengthening health systems and information dissemination, and Internet connectivity in under- resourced communities, have presented profound challenges throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes research on an emerging cognitive cloud to edge community solution, the Internet Backpack, which was utilized for COVID-19 disaster response in rural and remote Costa Rican communities. The Internet Backpack utilizes novel tools and systems for controlling narrow band data pathways through selective engagement with one or more narrow band platforms of an omni-grid system. These methods enable cognitive cloud services to function reliably beyond the edge due to enhanced data compression for stronger, faster and stable transmission to off-grid environments with less latency, jitter and packet loss. In this article, we describe implementation of the Internet Backpack in Las Delicias, Los Angeles and El Palmar, three remote communities in Costa Rica. We highlight how the project has contributed to the objectives of providing Internet connectivity and consequently, increased access to COVID-19 health information in these underserved communities.
Situation Identification using Context Space Theory and Decision Tree
Authors: D'Aniello Giuseppe , Gaeta Matteo
Published: July 2024

Context Space Theory (CST) is a geometrical approach used to represent contexts and situations in situation-aware computing applications. In this theory, situations are repre- sented in a multidimensional space, where each dimension corresponds to an interesting feature of the context. The primary advantage of CST lies in its capacity to effortlessly integrate multiple factors, creating a meaningful representation of situations that can be observed and manipulated by experts. Moreover, it empowers experts to customize the sit- uation space to align with their knowledge and understanding of the situation. However, when applied to real-world scenarios, modeling complex situation spaces can be time- consuming and labor-intensive. This is due to the manual effort required in defining con- tribution functions for each context feature, as well as determining weights and thresholds to identify the situation space.

To address this challenge, the paper proposes a hybrid approach that combines decision trees with the CST, thereby expediting the definition of situation spaces. Decision trees are employed to automatically identify an initial definition of the contribution functions and weights, reducing the workload on human experts. To demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, the paper showcases a case study focused on the management of the Covid-19 pandemic situation in Italy.
Towards systems that dynamically change and evaluate abstractions
Authors: Diaconescu Ada , King David , Bellman Kirstie , Landauer Christopher , Nelson Phyllis
Published: July 2024

Abstraction levels can be explicitly studied, changed and analyzed with metrics on their impact for a given problem. Also different methods for analyzing abstraction levels and their metrics can lead to different conclusions. Hence researchers usually iteratively experiment with these different methods to find the right abstraction level and metric for specific problems. To illustrate these points, we first study the use of Quad-Trees to characterize swarms, and then compare different methods using the metrics efficacy and efficiency. The goal of this work is to create an architecture and processes that will enable a self-aware system to conduct these types of experiments, and use these methods and metrics for analyzing the appropriateness and the impact of abstraction levels in order to improve its own performance.
Fast Dual-Regularized Autoencoder for Sparse Biological Data
Authors: Poleksic Aleksandar
Published: July 2024

Relationship inference from sparse data is an important task with applications ranging from product recommendation to drug discovery. A recently proposed linear model for sparse matrix completion has demonstrated surprising advantage in speed and accuracy over more sophisticated recommender systems algorithms. Here we extend the linear model to develop a shallow autoencoder for the dual neighborhood-regularized matrix completion problem. We demonstrate the speed and accuracy advantage of our approach over the existing state-of-the-art in predicting drug-target interactions and drug-disease associations.
Adaptive Artificial Intelligence to Teach Interactive Molecular Dynamics in the Context of Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Demir Mustafa , Leahy Sean M. , Mishra Punya , Chan Chun Kit , Singharoy Abhishek
Published: July 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be easily integrated into virtual education to drive adaptive instruction and real-time constructive feedback to students, offering a possible conduit for fostering discovery curiosity in learners. This study examines and characterizes Human-AI-Teaming (HAT) coordination dynamics to monitor the inception of discovery curiosity in online laboratories of interactive molecular dynamics (IMD). We used molecular physics measures (kinetic/ potential energy and action) obtained from simple and complex examples of simulated mouse tracking datasets in IMD log files as a proxy for understanding the context of molecular sciences and developing novel interactions for inquiry. These measures are good features of our HAT context because kinetic energy reflects the system’s atoms’ overall motion regarding the individual atoms’ speed. While kinetic energy represents if a learner applies artificial forces to the task, potential energy can be AI’s response to these forces. The action is a systems-level reaction to the changes during the task. By applying nonlinear dynamical systems methods to the physics measures, we extracted the Largest Lyapunov Exponent and Determinism metrics as HATs’ coordination stability and predictability, respectively. The findings underline that while the more complex IMD task required less stable and predictable HAT coordination dynamics, the simple task is more. One explanation is that AI needs to anticipate the learner by providing feedback at the right time and place during the more complex IMD task to initiate and sustain the learner's discovery curiosity. In IMD, future HAT design should consider coordination dynamics for fostering ‘discovery curiosity’ and practical learning.
PINPOINT - A multidisciplinary framework for semi-automatic risk assessment in military operations and civilian missions
Authors: Backfried Gerhard , Thomas-Aniola Dorothea , Pilutti Diego , Boyer Martin , Hein Rüdiger , Tatabaei Amir , Zinkanell Michael , Suker Michael , Agathonos Philipp
Published: July 2024

We present the PINPOINT project aimed at designing a semi-automated risk assess- ment framework to support decision-making for military operations and civilian missions. These missions typically take place in critical international areas of remote countries with little infrastructure and require specific technical and operational support. To effectively plan and execute risk mitigation strategies, decision-makers require approaches for sys- tematic, comprehensive risk analysis and proposals for measures. During the planning and execution phases, risk analysis must be updated regularly based on available informa- tion derived from Open Source data in combination with reliable and accurate Position-, Navigation- and Timing-Data (PNT) monitoring. The proposed framework focuses on in- novations in the areas of a systematic risk analysis with derived mitigation actions, Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) related to these areas, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies for multiple types of sources (sensors, news, social media) and PNT monitoring based on GNSS-data analysis.
Assessment of the feed additive consisting of l‐tyrosine for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (BCF Life Sciences)
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Bampidis Vasileios , Azimonti Giovanna , Bastos Maria de Lourdes , Christensen Henrik , Durjava Mojca , Dusemund Birgit , Kouba Maryline , López‐Alonso Marta , López Puente Secundino , Marcon Francesca , Mayo Baltasar , Pechová Alena , Petkova Mariana , Ramos Fernando , Villa Roberto Edoardo , Woutersen Ruud , Brantom Paul , Anguita Montserrat , Innocenti Matteo Lorenzo , Holczknecht Orsolya , Tarrés‐Call Jordi , Firmino Joana P.
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for the renewal of the authorisation of l‐tyrosine as a nutritional feed additive. The additive is authorised for use in all animal species (3c401). The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently in the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed concluded that the use of the feed additive in animal nutrition remains safe for the target species, consumers, and the environment. As regards the safety for the user, l‐tyrosine is not an irritant to skin or eyes. In the absence of data, the potential of l‐tyrosine to be a dermal and respiratory sensitiser cannot be excluded. Exposure by inhalation of persons handling the additive is likely. The present application for renewal of the authorisation does not include any modification proposal that would have an impact on the efficacy of the additive and, therefore, there is no need for re‐assessing the efficacy.
Prophetic Leadership of the Integrated Islamic Primary School Head in The Province of Lampung
Authors: Pahrudin Agus , Syafril Syafrimen , Koderi Koderi , Patimah Siti
Published: July 2024

Prophetic leadership is often associated with leadership based on values and moral guidance derived from religious teachings, especially in the context of Islam. This kind of leadership reflects a deep understanding of the nature of the existence and moral responsibility of leaders towards their society. This research explores the practice of prophetic leadership implemented by Integrated Islamic Elementary School Principals in Lampung Province. The research focus includes three main aspects, namely humanization leadership (Amar Ma'ruf), liberation leadership (Nahi Munkar), and transcendence leadership (Tu'minuna Billāh). The research methodology involved policy analysis, interviews, and observations to explore the impact and implementation of these concepts. The research results that Humanizing leadership includes dialogic, dedicative, and non-discriminatory practices to build effective communication and an inclusive environment. Liberation leadership highlights emotion management, high performance standards, and being a good role model. Meanwhile, transcendence leadership includes high vision and mission, compassion, gentleness, sincerity, and awareness of afterlife accountability. The results of this study provide a comprehensive picture of how school principals in Lampung Province integrate the principles of prophetic leadership in supporting Islamic education at the primary level. The implications of this research include the application of prophetic leadership practices to improve the quality of education and student character building.
Librarian Support in Teaching Open Science Research Practices in Higher Education
Authors: Gidakovic Sanja
Published: July 2024

This exploratory study examines trends in librarian teaching support for open science (OS) practices in higher education. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with academic librarians and a survey that was distributed through academic librarian interest groups. The results indicate that academic librarians have varied approaches to teaching OS and different opportunities to collaborate within institutions. There were common pedagogical OS topics and perspectives on teaching OS practices in higher education. The findings also include insights regarding professional development needs and opportunities for librarians.
The Value of Faculty Book Donations: A Case Study of Botany Books at Marx Science and Social Science Library, Yale University
Authors: Bronars Lori
Published: July 2024

In 2008, the author was invited to examine the office book collection of a biology professor, Arthur Galston, who had passed away. The author was able to accept any books of interest for addition to the collection of her library (Marx Science and Social Science Library | Yale University). Of the 85 books subsequently added to the library collection, about ¼ of them showed circulation and/or in-library browsing activity by June 2022, with one title circulating 19 times with an additional 30 in-library browses in this time period. This paper reports on the books accepted with this donation and their total circulation and/or in-library uses. Selth (1992) argues for the value of in-library browse activity and not just circulation data when librarians consider location changes or weeding. Rose-Wiles (2016) recommends including in-library use statistics to gain an “accurate picture of total circulation and library value, and to inform collection development.” For the 85 Arthur Galston-donated books, there were 163 circulations/in-house uses found. The author believes the donations formed a worthwhile and valuable addition to the library collection.
Complicaciones del tratamiento endovascular y quirúrgico en las hemorragias subaracnoideas aneurismáticas en Uruguay
Authors: Jaume Alejandra , Gil Juan , Romero Mariana , Negrotto Matías , Spagnuolo Edgardo
Published: July 2024

Introducción: si bien varios estudios han abordado la comparación entre el tratamiento endovascular y el clipado quirúrgico de aneurismas rotos, no existe aún evidencia firme respecto a la utilización de una u otra técnica en términos de seguridad y mejor pronóstico. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las distintas modalidades de tratamiento de la hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) implementadas en Uruguay y su impacto sobre la curación del aneurisma y el pronóstico de los pacientes.Material y método: estudio prospectivo y multicéntrico que incluyó a todos los pacientes mayores de 18 años que fueron asistidos por HSA espontánea aneurismática en Uruguay entre el 1 de noviembre de 2019 y el 31 de octubre de 2020. Fueron relevadas las características clínico-epidemiológicas y comorbilidades al momento del diagnóstico, el tipo de tratamiento recibido y variables de evolución clínica durante los siguientes seis meses. Los datos fueron procesados a través del software estadístico Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) y el nivel de significación utilizado en los test fue de 5%. Debido al carácter multicéntrico y nacional del estudio, debió ser sometido a evaluación por todos los comités de ética de las instituciones de salud participantes.Resultados: se observó un total de 211 casos en el período evaluado. La media de edad fue de 57 años con predominancia del sexo femenino (75%). En el 74% de los casos fue indicado algún tipo de tratamiento específico (43% cirugía abierta y 31% terapia endovascular), mientras al resto de los pacientes no se les pudo tratar el aneurisma por su grave situación neurológica; 52 pacientes tuvieron complicaciones vinculadas al tratamiento recibido, observándose una mayor proporción de estas en el caso de la cirugía abierta respecto a la terapia endovascular (42% vs 21,5%; p=0,008).Conclusiones: se observó una mayor tasa de complicaciones en el tratamiento quirúrgico, sin impacto en la morbimortalidad. De los factores predictores independientes de mala evolución clínica encontrados, el único vinculado al tipo de tratamiento fue la presencia de isquemia extensa.
Estadio, perfil biológico y tendencias de incidencia y mortalidad de cáncer de mama en Uruguay
Authors: Garau Mariela , Musetti Carina , Alonso Rafael , Barrios Enrique
Published: July 2024

Introducción: el cáncer de mama es el tumor maligno más frecuente y la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres en Uruguay y en el mundo. La evidencia epidemiológica sugiere que el cáncer de mama en diferentes grupos de edades se comportaría como patologías distintas. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar el cáncer de mama en Uruguay para diferentes estratos de edades.Material y método: se analizaron las tendencias temporales de la incidencia de cáncer de mama en mujeres en Uruguay en el período 2002-2019, y de la mortalidad por esta causa en 1990-2020. Para el quinquenio 2015-2019, se analiza además la distribución de estadios al diagnóstico y de perfiles biológicos (luminales, triple negativos y HER2 positivos). Se analizan tres segmentos de edades: mujeres de 20 a 44 años, de 45 a 69 y de 70 y más años.Resultados: las tasas de incidencia para el conjunto de edades se presentaron estables en el período 2002-2019, mientras que la mortalidad presenta una tendencia decreciente en el período 1990-2020. En las mujeres menores de 45 años se encuentra un aumento en la incidencia, con mortalidad que decrece hasta el 2010, seguido de una estabilización de las tasas; en las mujeres de 45 a 69 años la incidencia se mantiene estable y la mortalidad decrece; en las mayores de 70 años, la incidencia decrece mientras la mortalidad se mantiene estable. Más del 70% de los casos se diagnostican en estadios I y II. Los tumores luminales (receptores hormonales positivos, HER2 negativos) son el subtipo más frecuente para todos los grupos, la proporción de tumores con estas características aumenta con la edad, mientras decrece la proporción de HER2 positivo y triple negativo.Conclusión: en las mujeres uruguayas el cáncer de mama presenta características diferenciales para las tres franjas de edades analizadas.
Tasas de suicidio y concentración de litio en agua corriente en Rocha y Montevideo
Authors: Frontini María Alcira , Olmos Ismael , Giraldez Gonzalo , Lara Fabián
Published: July 2024

El suicidio es un fenómeno que además de las pérdidas humanas que involucra, repercute negativamente en familiares y allegados, produciendo a su vez enormes gastos en el sistema sanitario. En Uruguay, la tasa de suicidio no solo ha experimentado un aumento sostenido, representando una preocupación constante para las autoridades, sino que suele ser una de la más altas de Latinoamérica, en 2022 fue de 23,08 cada 100.000 habitantes. Reconociendo que el suicidio es un fenómeno multifactorial grave, diversos estudios han indagado sobre la posible correlación entre la presencia de litio en agua corriente y tasas de suicidio, habiéndose observado una relación inversa, lo que permitiría considerar el litio como eventualmente protector de la conducta suicida. El presente estudio pretende abordar dicha correlación en los departamentos de Rocha y Montevideo, de Uruguay. Los resultados obtenidos no son concluyentes. En cuanto a las concentraciones de litio presentes en agua corriente, en general son menores a las señaladas en otros estudios como protectoras (30 µ/L). Es necesario profundizar en este eje de discusión, como en otros, para obtener un diagnóstico más detallado de este complejo y sentido fenómeno.
Justicia reproductiva en Uruguay
Authors: Viroga Stephanie , Guzmán Regina , Yapor Mijail , Nozar Fernanda , Fiol Veronica , Briozzo Leonel
Published: July 2024

Introducción: la justicia reproductiva es la capacidad de las personas y las sociedades de poder concretar los derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Por el contrario, la injusticia reproductiva (IR) expone la presencia de riesgos para el proceso de desarrollo durante el embarazo y la primera infancia.Objetivo: describir la evolución de un conjunto de indicadores vinculados a la justicia reproductiva en el Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud (SNIS) de Uruguay en los últimos 12 años y comparar las tendencias entre el subsector público y el subsector privado.Metodología: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de un conjunto de indicadores incluidos en los objetivos de desarrollo sostenibles (ODS) y de los objetivos sanitarios nacionales. Se analizaron razón de mortalidad materna (MM), incidencia de parto pretérmino (PPT), bajo peso al nacer (BPN) y sífilis congénita (SC), en el subsector público y privado del SNIS, durante los últimos 12 años.Resultados: la razón de MM en el período de tiempo analizado ha sido siempre superior en el subsector público, salvo en el año 2015. La incidencia de PPT en el período de tiempo ha oscilado entre 8,6% y 10%. Ésta es superior en el subsector público, salvo en algunos períodos donde es mayor en el subsector privado. La incidencia de BPN es superior siempre en el subsector público, con su mayor incidencia en 2022, de 9,3. La SC siempre fue superior en el subsector público desde 1,3 a 7,1, mientras que en el subsector privado los valores van de 0,2 a 0,6.Conclusiones: la diferencia en estos indicadores de salud perinatal entre los dos subsectores de atención de nuestro país refleja que a pesar de contar con un SNIS, existe una disparidad que impacta sobre los resultados de indicadores finales e intermedios, determinando así la existencia de una IR.
Suicidio con agroquímicos en contextos rurales
Authors: Fierro Claudia , Rodríguez Nicolás
Published: July 2024

La complejidad, dinámica y multidimensionalidad de los eventos suicidas hace que sean considerados un problema de salud pública, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Entre los métodos de suicidio, la ingestión de agroquímicos es uno de los más empleados en el mundo. Esta revisión bibliográfica tuvo como objetivo relevar artículos científicos latinoamericanos que estudian o analizan el suicidio en contextos rurales. En particular, aquellos que utilizan como medio la ingesta de agroquímicos. Para ello, se realizó una revisión exploratoria en las siguientes bases de datos bibliográficas: BVS, SciELO y DOAJ. Tras la combinación de descriptores y términos libres se halló un total de 343 artículos. A partir de distintos criterios de inclusión y exclusión, el cuerpo documental quedó conformado por cinco artículos, cuatro de Brasil y uno de Colombia. Entre los resultados obtenidos se destaca que el suicidio con agroquímicos es considerado una problemática en los contextos rurales analizados. Las investigaciones asocian este tipo de eventos con la manipulación o utilización intensiva de agroquímicos, en particular, en adultos jóvenes. Entre las sustancias más utilizadas se encuentran los insecticidas. Asimismo, se señala que existe un subregistro de casos, lo cual dificulta el desarrollo de estrategias preventivas. El interés incipiente en el tema demanda multiplicar los estudios y disciplinas que lo aborden. Además de esto, se requiere una articulación mayor entre ciencia, tecnología y políticas de monitoreo en salud mental que generen visibilidad sobre este tipo de problemas y fomenten el desarrollo de estrategias participativas y promocionales en contextos rurales.
Estimación del presupuesto de vacunas del PAI-Paraguay 2007-2022 y el impacto de posibles cambios
Authors: Olivera Ignacio , Giménez Edgar , Grau Carlos , Lazarov Luis , Oddo Cristian , Dibarboure Hugo
Published: July 2024

Introducción: el programa de vacunación es una intervención de salud pública cuyo propósito es controlar o eliminar enfermedades inmunoprevenibles. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la evolución del presupuesto en vacunas entre 2007 y 2022, y el impacto de potenciales mejoras en el calendario de vacunaciones de Paraguay.Método: se estimó la evolución del presupuesto en vacunas según los cambios entre 2007 y 2022, y el impacto de esquemas alternativos versus el actual, que incluyen la vacuna contra la influenza cuádruple, séxtuple en lactantes, el agregado de la vacuna contra papiloma en varones y meningococo ACYW en adolescentes. La perspectiva del análisis fue la del Ministerio de Salud Pública y el horizonte temporal de un año. Los resultados de las alternativas se expresan como impacto presupuestal versus el año 2022.Resultados: entre 2007 y 2022 la cantidad de biológicos del Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones pasó de 11 a 18 e incorporó indicaciones de algunas vacunas. Se estima que el presupuesto se incrementó de 3,8 a 29,9 millones de dólares entre los extremos de la serie. Las alternativas implicarían un incremento de 13%, 35%, 5% y 10%, individualmente. El incremento en conjunto alcanza el 62%.Conclusiones: el aumento del gasto en vacunas fue de ocho veces entre 2007 y 2022. Se estima el impacto presupuestal en diferentes escenarios que se interpretan como mejoras comparadas con el actual de 2022, siendo el incremento más exigente de un 35%. La evidencia generada puede colaborar en el proceso de toma de decisiones acerca de esta política pública en Paraguay.