bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kata Murtad dalam Kitab Ibrani 6:4-6
Authors: Wijaya Elkana Chrisna
Published: January 2018

The term of  “fall way” in Hebrews 6:4-6 has been debated by theologians in distinguished perspectives. This study aims to describe and analyze the word of apostasy in Hebrews 6:6, so it would give a biblical undestanding, according to both authors’ purpose of writing this book and its first readers. The result of this analysis would give a contribution to pragmatic and theological thought at present time. The conclucion of this study is, that the word of  “fall away” in Hebrews 6:4-6 is not related to salvation at all. That word is closely related to reward, because it mostly refers to a Christian commitment. Thus, in certain point, believer could be in position of  fall away, where that believer keep himself away from living relationship with Jesus the lorf. That situation doesn’t affect believers’ salvation, but the lost of his reward which shall be received before judgement seat of Christ.  Makna kata “murtad” dalam Kitab Ibrani 6:4-6 telah lama diperdebatkan oleh para sarjana Alkitab dalam spektrum teologis yang beragam. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kata “murtad” dalam Ibrani 6:6, sehingga menghasilkan pemahaman makna kata yang alkitabiah, yang sesuai dengan maksud penulis kitab Ibrani, serta yang dipahami oleh pembaca pertamanya. Hasil analisis akan memberikan kontribusi pemikiran teologis dan pragmatis pada masa kini. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa kata “murtad” dalam Ibrani 6:4-6 sama sekali tidak berhubungan dengan keselamatan. Kata tersebut berhubungan erat dengan upah, karena lebih mengacu kepada komitmen orang Kristen. Dengan demikian, pada situasi atau titik tertentu, orang percaya dapat berada pada posisi “murtad”, bahwa orang tersebut melakukan tindakan menjauhkan diri dari persekutuan yang hidup dengan Tuhan Yesus. Keberadaan tersebut tidak mempengaruhi keselamatan orang percaya, namun berkaitan dengan risiko hilangnya pahala atau upah yang akan diterima orang-orang percaya di hadapan takhta pengadilan Kristus.
Karakteristik Pentakostalisme Menurut Kisah Para Rasul
Authors: Siahaan Harls Evan R.
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Pentecostalism is often to be concerned with Holy Spirit baptism, Spiritual gifts or speaking in tongue. Basically, Pentecostalism is about to dynamize Christian life’s character. This article is aiming to refer the nature of Pentecostalism according to The Acts, that it is not only about speaking in tongue and other Spiritual gifts, but the characteristic. This article is a research that using text analyzis of The Book of Acts about the true charateristic of Pentecostalism. The conclusion of this biblical research is, pentecostalist characteristic is about building dynamic person who has such characters: continued steadfastly in fellowship and learning Bible, social care, enthusiastic, having favor with all the people, dare to witness, ministering with power and having intelegent ability.Abstrak: Fenomena Pentakosta sering hanya dikaitkan dengan persoalan baptisan Roh Kudus dan bahasa roh, bahkan juga dengan karunia Roh. Sejatinya, Pentakostalisme merupakan sebuah dinamisasi karakteristik kehidupan Kristen. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan hakikat Pentakostalisme sesuai Kisah Para Rasul, bahwa Pentakostalisme bukan sekadar persoalan bahasa roh dan karunia roh yang lain, melainkan karakteristik. Penelitian ini bersifat analisis teks pada Kisah Para Rasul tentang karateristik Pentakostalisme yang sejati. Kesimpulannya, karakteristik pentakostalis adalah tentang membangun pribadi dinamis yang memiliki karakter: tekun bersekutu dan belajar firman, peduli sosial, antusias, disukai orang, berani bersaksi, melayani dengan kuasa dan memiliki kemampuan intelektualitas.
Flower-like BiVO4 Microspheres and Their Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zulkifili Arini , Fujiki Akira , Kimijima Shinji
Published: January 2018

A flower-like BiVO4 microsphere photocatalyst was synthesized with a simple template-free homogeneous precipitation method at 60 °C for 24 h. The purpose of this study is to explore a low-cost, simple method of synthesizing the self-assembled 3D structure in order to enhance photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). In this study, the morphology, structure, and photo-absorption of flower-like BiVO4 microspheres were characterized, and the effects of photocatalysis were analyzed. The results indicate that the size of the flower-like microspheres was about 2 μm to 4 μm and they were composed of several nanosheets. The mechanism of hierarchical microsphere formation has been proposed as the Ostwald ripening process and the self-assembled process. The obtained samples were calcined under different temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C) to study the effects of calcination on the structure and on photocatalysis. The photocatalytic process was then evaluated by decolorization of methylene blue dye under visible-light irradiation.
An Overview of Network-Based and -Free Approaches for Stochastic Simulation of Biochemical Systems
Authors: Gupta Abhishekh , Mendes Pedro
Published: January 2018

Stochastic simulation has been widely used to model the dynamics of biochemical reaction networks. Several algorithms have been proposed that are exact solutions of the chemical master equation, following the work of Gillespie. These stochastic simulation approaches can be broadly classified into two categories: network-based and -free simulation. The network-based approach requires that the full network of reactions be established at the start, while the network-free approach is based on reaction rules that encode classes of reactions, and by applying rule transformations, it generates reaction events as they are needed without ever having to derive the entire network. In this study, we compare the efficiency and limitations of several available implementations of these two approaches. The results allow for an informed selection of the implementation and methodology for specific biochemical modeling applications.
Pressure-Induced Transformation of Graphite and Diamond to Onions
Authors: Blank Vladimir , Churkin Valentin , Kulnitskiy Boris , Perezhogin Igor , Kirichenko Alexey , Erohin Sergey , Sorokin Pavel , Popov Mikhail
Published: January 2018

In this study, we present a number of experiments on the transformation of graphite, diamond, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes under high pressure conditions. The analysis of our results testifies to the instability of diamond in the 55–115 GPa pressure range, at which onion-like structures are formed. The formation of interlayer sp3-bonds in carbon nanostructures with a decrease in their volume has been studied theoretically. It has been found that depending on the structure, the bonds between the layers can be preserved or broken during unloading.
High Resolution Experimental and Computational Methods for Modelling Multiple Row Effusion Cooling Performance
Authors: Murray Alexander , Ireland Peter , Wong Tsun , Tang Shaun , Rawlinson Anton
Published: January 2018

The continuing rise in turbine entry temperatures has necessitated the development of ever-more advanced cooling techniques. Effusion cooling is an example of such a system and is characterised by a high density of film cooling holes that operate at low blowing ratios, thereby achieving high overall cooling effectiveness. This paper presents both an experimental and computational investigation into the cooling performance of effusion systems. Two flat-plate geometries (with primary hole pitches of 3.0D and 5.75D) are experimentally investigated via a pressure sensitive paint technique yielding high resolution film effectiveness distributions via heat-mass transfer analogy. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) scalar tracking method was used to model the setup computationally with the results comparing favourably to those obtained from the experiments. The CFD domain was modified to assess the cooling performance from a single film hole ejection. A superposition method was developed and applied to the resulting two-dimensional film effectiveness distribution that quickly yielded data for an array of closely-packed holes, allowing a rapid assessment of a multi-hole effusion type setup. The method produced satisfactory results at higher pitches, but at lower pitches, high levels of jet interactions reduced the performance of the superposition method.
Looking Forward to the Future of Heparin: New Sources, Developments and Applications
Authors: Torri Giangiacomo , Cassinelli Giuseppe
Published: January 2018

The seven reviews and the eleven articles in this special issue provide an updated survey of recent research and developments in the ever-growing field of heparin, along with low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
Pineal Calcification, Melatonin Production, Aging, Associated Health Consequences and Rejuvenation of the Pineal Gland
Authors: Tan Dun , Xu Bing , Zhou Xinjia , Reiter Russel
Published: January 2018

The pineal gland is a unique organ that synthesizes melatonin as the signaling molecule of natural photoperiodic environment and as a potent neuronal protective antioxidant. An intact and functional pineal gland is necessary for preserving optimal human health. Unfortunately, this gland has the highest calcification rate among all organs and tissues of the human body. Pineal calcification jeopardizes melatonin’s synthetic capacity and is associated with a variety of neuronal diseases. In the current review, we summarized the potential mechanisms of how this process may occur under pathological conditions or during aging. We hypothesized that pineal calcification is an active process and resembles in some respects of bone formation. The mesenchymal stem cells and melatonin participate in this process. Finally, we suggest that preservation of pineal health can be achieved by retarding its premature calcification or even rejuvenating the calcified gland.
Optimization of the Preparation Conditions of Borneol-Modified Ginkgolide Liposomes by Response Surface Methodology and Study of Their Blood Brain Barrier Permeability
Authors: Lv Zhiyang , Yang Yuwei , Wang Jie , Chen Jing , Li Junsong , Di Liuqing
Published: January 2018

Ginkgolides (GG), containing ginkgolide A (GA), ginkgolide B (GB) and ginkgolide C (GC), are mainly prescribed for ischemic stroke and cerebral infarction. However, the ginkgolides can hardly pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the brain. The purpose of this study was to prepare borneol-modified ginkgolides liposomes (GGB-LPs) to study whether borneol could enhance the transport of ginkgolides across the BBB. The preparation conditions of GGB-LPs were optimized by a response surface-central composite design. Also, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies of GGB-LPs were conducted using UPLC-MS. The optimal preparation conditions for GGB-LP were as follows: ratio of lipid to drug (w/w) was 9:1, ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol (w/w) was 7:1, and hydrate volume was 17.5 mL. Under these conditions, the GGB-LP yield was 89.73 ± 3.45%. With GGB-LPs, borneol significantly promoted the transport of ginkgolide across the BBB. The pharmacokinetic parameters of GGB-LP were significantly improved too, with Tmax of 15 min and a high drug concentration of 3.39 μg/g in brain. Additionally, the drug targeting index and relative uptake rate of GGB-LP was increased. Borneol-modified ginkgolide liposomes can thus potentially be used to improve the BBB permeability of gingkolide formulations.
Mystical Body Theodicy
Authors: Thurow Joshua
Published: January 2018

In this paper I develop a new theodicy--Mystical Body Theodicy. This theodicy draws on the Christian doctrine of the mystical body of Christ to argue that some evil can be defeated by a set of three goods connected with increasing the unity of humanity through love. This theodicy also helps three other prominent theodicies avoid objections.
Collaborative Indoor Access Point Localization Using Autonomous Mobile Robot Swarm
Authors: Awad Fahed , Naserllah Muhammad , Omar Ammar , Abu-Hantash Alaa , Al-Taj Abrar
Published: January 2018

Localization of access points has become an important research problem due to the wide range of applications it addresses such as dismantling critical security threats caused by rogue access points or optimizing wireless coverage of access points within a service area. Existing proposed solutions have mostly relied on theoretical hypotheses or computer simulation to demonstrate the efficiency of their methods. The techniques that rely on estimating the distance using samples of the received signal strength usually assume prior knowledge of the signal propagation characteristics of the indoor environment in hand and tend to take a relatively large number of uniformly distributed random samples. This paper presents an efficient and practical collaborative approach to detect the location of an access point in an indoor environment without any prior knowledge of the environment. The proposed approach comprises a swarm of wirelessly connected mobile robots that collaboratively and autonomously collect a relatively small number of non-uniformly distributed random samples of the access point’s received signal strength. These samples are used to efficiently and accurately estimate the location of the access point. The experimental testing verified that the proposed approach can identify the location of the access point in an accurate and efficient manner.
Non-Euclidean Geometry, Nontrivial Topology and Quantum Vacuum Effects
Authors: Sitenko Yurii , Gorkavenko Volodymyr
Published: January 2018

Space out of a topological defect of the Abrikosov–Nielsen–Olesen (ANO) vortex type is locally flat but non-Euclidean. If a spinor field is quantized in such a space, then a variety of quantum effects are induced in the vacuum. On the basis of the continuum model for long-wavelength electronic excitations originating in the tight-binding approximation for the nearest-neighbor interaction of atoms in the crystal lattice, we consider quantum ground-state effects in Dirac materials with two-dimensional monolayer structures warped into nanocones by a disclination; the nonzero size of the disclination is taken into account, and a boundary condition at the edge of the disclination is chosen to ensure self-adjointness of the Dirac–Weyl Hamiltonian operator. We show that the quantum ground-state effects are independent of the disclination size, and we find circumstances in which they are independent of parameters of the boundary condition.
Projecting Land-Use and Land Cover Change in a Subtropical Urban Watershed
Authors: Lagrosa John J. , Zipperer Wayne C. , Andreu Michael G.
Published: January 2018

Urban landscapes are heterogeneous mosaics that develop via significant land-use and land cover (LULC) change. Current LULC models project future landscape patterns, but generally avoid urban landscapes due to heterogeneity. To project LULC change for an urban landscape, we parameterize an established LULC model (Dyna-CLUE) under baseline conditions (continued current trends) for a sub-tropical urban watershed in Tampa, FL. Change was modeled for 2012–2016 with observed data from 1995–2011. An ecosystem services-centric classification was used to define 9 LULC classes. Dyna-CLUE projects change using two modules: non-spatial quantity and spatial reallocation. The data-intensive spatial module requires a binomial logistic regression of socioecological driving factors, maps of restricted areas, and conversion settings, which control the sensitivity of class-to-class conversions. Observed quantity trends showed a decrease in area for agriculture, rangeland and upland forests by 49%, 56% and 27% respectively with a 22% increase in residential and 8% increase in built areas, primarily during 1995–2004. The spatial module projected future change to occur mostly in the relatively rural northeastern section of the watershed. Receiver-operating characteristic curves to evaluate driving factors averaged an area of 0.73 across classes. The manipulation of these baseline trends as constrained scenarios will not only enable urban planners to project future patterns under many ecological, economic and sociological conditions, but also examine changes in urban ecosystem services.
Is It Possible to Distinguish Global and Regional Climate Change from Urban Land Cover Induced Signals? A Mid-Latitude City Example
Authors: Wiesner Sarah , Bechtel Benjamin , Fischereit Jana , Gruetzun Verena , Hoffmann Peter , Leitl Bernd , Rechid Diana , Schlünzen K. , Thomsen Simon
Published: January 2018

The local climate in cities differs from the one in rural areas, most prominently characterized by increased surface and air temperatures, known as the “(surface) urban heat island”. As climate has changed and continues to change in all areas of the world, the question arises whether the effects that are noticeable in urban areas are “homemade”, or whether some of them originate from global and regional scale climate changes. Identifying the locally induced changes of urban meteorological parameters is especially relevant for the development of adaptation and mitigation measures. This study aims to distinguish global and regional climate change signals from those induced by urban land cover. Therefore, it provides a compilation of observed and projected climate changes, as well as urban influences on important meteorological parameters. It is concluded that evidence for climate change signals is found predominantly in air temperature. The effect of urban land cover on local climate can be detected for several meteorological parameters, which are air and surface temperature, humidity, and wind. The meteorology of urban areas is a mixture of signals in which the influencing parameters cannot be isolated, but can be assessed qualitatively. Blending interactions between local effects and regional changes are likely to occur.
Novel amide-functionalized chloramphenicol base bifunctional organocatalysts for enantioselective alcoholysis ofmeso-cyclic anhydrides
Authors: Xu Lingjun , Han Shuwen , Yan Linjie , Wang Haifeng , Peng Haihui , Chen Fener
Published: January 2018

A family of novel chloramphenicol base-amide organocatalysts possessing a NH functionality at C-1 position as monodentate hydrogen bond donor were developed and evaluated for enantioselective organocatalytic alcoholysis ofmeso-cyclic anhydrides. These structural diversified organocatalysts were found to induce high enantioselectivity in alcoholysis of anhydrides and was successfully applied to the asymmetric synthesis of (S)-GABOB.
M Dwarf Variability and Periodicities in Praesepe
Authors: Hamper R. , Honeycutt R. K.
Published: January 2018

212 M dwarfs in the Praesepe cluster have been monitored photometrically for three observing seasons. It is found that Praesepe M dwarfs earlier than ∼M4 often have significant photometric variations, while variability is not detected for >M4. Time series analysis was performed on 147 of the targets having likely variability in order to study possible periodicities. For 83% of these targets, we detected no periodicities; these null results included targets with published photometric periods from earlier work. Our detected periods ranged from 20 to 45 days, and we are not able to confirm any of the 1–5 day periods in Praesepe periods reported by Schultz et al., which we attribute to the very different observing cadences of the two studies. We conjecture that our more widely spaced data cannot adequately sample the Schultz et al. periodicities before the growth and decay of spots have a chance to ruin the coherence. The new periods we find in the range 20–45 days (in targets that do not overlap with those from Schultz having shorter periods) have very small false alarm probabilities. We argue that rotation is unlikely to be responsible for these 20–45 day periods. Perhaps short activity cycles in the Praesepe M dwarfs play a role in generating such periodicities.
The Complexities of Interstellar Dust and the Implications for the Small-scale Structure in the Cosmic Microwave Background
Authors: Verschuur G. L. , Schmelz J. T.
Published: January 2018

A detailed comparison of the full range of PLANCK and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data for small (2° × 2°) areas of sky and the Cosmic Microwave Background Internal Linear Combination (ILC) maps reveals that the structure of foreground dust may be more complex than previously thought. If 857 and 353 GHz emission is dominated by galactic dust at a distance < few hundred light years, then it should not resemble the cosmological ILC structure originating at a distance ∼13 billion light years. In some areas of sky, however, we find strong morphological correlations, forcing us to consider the possibility that the foreground subtraction is not complete. Our data also show that there is no single answer for the question: “to what extent does dust contaminate the cosmologically important 143 GHz data?” In some directions, the contamination appears to be quite strong, but in others, it is less of an issue. This complexity needs to be taken in account in order to derive an accurate foreground mask in the quest to understand the Cosmic Microwave Background small-scale structure. We hope that a continued investigation of these data will lead to a definitive answer to the question above and, possibly, to new scientific insights on interstellar matter, the Cosmic Microwave Background, or both.
A Statistical Study on the Frequency-dependent Damping of the Slow-mode Waves in Polar Plumes and Interplumes
Authors: Mandal Sudip , Prasad S. Krishna , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: January 2018

We perform a statistical study on the frequency-dependent damping of slow waves propagating along polar plumes and interplumes in the solar corona. Analysis of a large sample of extreme ultraviolet imaging data with high spatial and temporal resolutions obtained from Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)/Solar Dynamics Observatory suggests an inverse power-law dependence of the damping length on the periodicity of slow waves (i.e., the shorter-period oscillations exhibit longer damping lengths), in agreement with the previous case studies. Similar behavior is observed in both plume and interplume regions studied in AIA 171 Å and AIA 193 Å passbands. It is found that the short-period (2–6 minutes) waves are relatively more abundant than their long-period (7–30 minutes) counterparts, in contrast to the general belief that the polar regions are dominated by the longer-period slow waves. We also derived the slope of the power spectra (α, the power-law index) statistically to better understand the characteristics of turbulence present in the region. It is found that the α values and their distributions are similar in both plume and interplume structures across the two AIA passbands. At the same time, the spread of these distributions also indicates the complexity of the underlying turbulence mechanism.
« Il braghettone », le grand culottier du jugement dernier ou le redoublement de la censure et du voile
Authors: Ramuscello Fabienne
Published: January 2018

Daniele da Volterra, dit « Il Braghettone », culottier de la fresque du Jugement dernier peint par Michel-Ange, missionné par le pape Paul IV pour recouvrir les parties génitales des personnages nus, est-il parvenu à voiler « l’invoilable » de par le redoublement de la censure et du voile que recèle l’inconscient par nature ?
Scénarios de la sexualité : que représente la pornographie ?
Authors: Giami Alain
Published: January 2018

Cet essai revient sur des réflexions menées au cours des années 1970 et portant sur une lecture du cinéma pornographique en termes de script (Gagnon et Simon) et de micropoint (Stoller). C’est à partir de ces analyses que sont discutés les récents développements des productions visuelles pornographiques et des études sur la pornographie. On observe ainsi la constitution du champ des porn studies qui propose une nouvelle délimitation d’un champ épistémique non dénué d’axiologie et intriqué avec la doxa de la pornographie. On observe un abandon relatif de formes narratives complexes au profit de formes plus condensées de narration sous forme de micropoints. On assiste à une diversification des formes sous lesquelles elle se rend accessible au public. Plus que jamais, il convient de continuer à s’interroger sur ce que représente la pornographie.
Une ville retardataire ?
Authors: Savolainen Panu
Published: January 2018

À première vue, Turku (Åbo en suédois), capitale provinciale du royaume de Suède puis du grand duché de Finlande, possède toutes les caractéristiques d’une ville retardataire par rapport aux grandes villes européennes qui disposent de l’éclairage public depuis le XVIII e siècle : les premières lanternes n’y sont installées qu’en 1805. De plus, le modèle de gestion de l’éclairage urbain dont les habitants se partagent l’achat, l’entretien et l’allumage, n’a plus cours depuis près d’un siècle dans les villes d’Europe occidentale où l’éclairage est devenu un service public assuré par les autorités urbaines. Ce retard ne constitue pourtant en aucun cas un frein à la diffusion précoce d’innovations techniques peu après l’établissement de l’éclairage. Plus encore, par sa portée symbolique, la lumière des lanternes irradiant une ville nordique est perçue comme une marque d’urbanité européenne.
Le tropisme international des villes nouvelles françaises dans les années 1970
Authors: Vadelorge Loïc
Published: January 2018

Conçues comme des opérations d’intérêt national, les villes nouvelles françaises n’en ont pas moins été associées très tôt à des échanges internationaux qui ont pris notamment le moyen des voyages d’études. Les archives du SGVN permettent de retracer l’histoire matérielle, culturelle et diplomatique de ces voyages. Ils font l’objet d’une organisation précise, associant les ministères de tutelle, les chargés de mission du SGVN – camp de base et chambre d’écho des villes nouvelles – mais aussi des aménageurs et des élus locaux voire des chercheurs. Leurs objectifs ne consistent pas simplement à collecter des informations mais aussi à conforter ou infirmer les projets français comme la télédistribution locale, en donnant à voir aux élus locaux le futur possible et incarné des villes nouvelles. Du voyage d’étude à la mission, la frontière est particulièrement floue et ce flou est entretenu par les responsables du SGVN qui assurent la publicité de l’expérimentation française. Une exportation de l’urbanisme à la française se dessine ainsi à la fin des années 1970, pour laquelle les voyages d’études du SGVN servent à la fois la diplomatie étrangère et les enjeux des grands groupes financiers qui se positionnent très tôt sur l’aménagement des pays émergents.
Emergency Patient Handoffs: Identifying Essential Elements and Developing an Evidence-Based Training Tool
Authors: Reimer Andrew P. , Alfes Celeste M. , Rowe Amanda S. , Rodriguez-Fox Bianca M.
Published: January 2018

Background:

Patient handoffs between care teams have been recognized as a major patient safety risk due to inadequate exchange or loss of critical information, especially during emergent patient transfers. The purpose of this literature review was to identify the essential elements of effective patient handoffs in emergency situations to develop a standardized tool to support a structured patient handoff procedure capable of guiding education and training.

Method:

A literature search of handoff procedures and patient transfers was conducted using the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PubMed between 2008 and 2015.

Results:

Two global themes were identified—Crew Interactions, and Essential Data Elements—resulting in a tool containing 30 objective and five subjective items.

Conclusion:

Through the literature review, synthesis, and workgroup consensus, we developed a standardized tool to guide standardized education, training, and future inquiry in prehospital and emergent patient handoffs.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(1):34–41.
The Single-Group, Pre- and Posttest Design in Nursing Education Research: It's Time to Move on
Authors: Spurlock Darrell R.
Published: January 2018

Studying the effectiveness of educational interventions is centrally important to building the science of nursing education. Yet, the design most commonly used in the study of nursing education interventions—the single-group, preand posttest design—provides limited evidence to support claims of intervention effectiveness. In this Methodology Corner installment, the limitations of the single-group, preand posttest design are outlined and a review of the requirements for establishing stronger arguments for causality is presented. To overcome the limitations of single-group, preand posttest designs, nursing education researchers are encouraged to employ study designs and procedures that can significantly strengthen researchers' claims of intervention effectiveness. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(2):69–71.]
Optical Coherence Tomography in Children With Microtropia
Authors: García-García Manuel Ángel , Belda José I. , Schargel Konrad , Santos María José , Ruiz-Colecha José , Rey Carmen , García-García Pablo , Mompean Blas
Published: January 2018

Purpose:

To assess whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) could be useful for detecting and documenting fixation in patients with microtropia.

Methods:

Retinal fixation observation was performed using spectral-domain OCT on amblyopic children with microtropia. The position between the retinal fixation point and the anatomical fovea was measured, in microns, using the system software tools. Only patients with a high level of cooperation, OCT scan quality signal of 7 or better, and visual acuity of 0.70 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) or worse in the amblyopic eye were included.

Results:

A total of 25 patients were included: 15 with microtropia (study group) and 10 without tropia and with foveal fixation and stereopsis (control group). In the study group, microtropia was previously diagnosed in 67% of cases through the cover test, and was predominantly in the left eye (73%). The average visual acuity of the sound eye was 0.03 decimal and 0.18 logMAR in the amblyopic eye. The microtropia was 3.73 ± 3.34 prism diopters and eccentric fixation (387 ± 199 µm) with OCT was observed in all cases except one. Eccentricity was predominantly in the superonasal quadrant (57%). Both eyes in the control group and the contralateral eyes of the study group showed foveal fixation.

Conclusions:

OCT can play an important role in the diagnosis and measurement of eccentric fixation in eyes with microtropia, providing high sensitivity.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(3):171–177.]
Ocular Dipping in a Patient With Hemiplegic Migraine
Authors: Gray Iga N. , Cristancho Ana G. , Licht Daniel J. , Liu Grant T.
Published: January 2018

A 5-year-old girl presented with acute, rapidly progressive encephalopathy following minor head trauma and was found to have ocular dipping. Her encephalopathy was secondary to a channelopathy caused by a CACNA1A mutation. This is the first reported case of ocular dipping in an encephalopathic child with CACNA1A-confirmed hemiplegic migraine.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55:e4–e6.]
Phospholipase D in TCR-Mediated Signaling and T Cell Activation
Authors: Zhu Minghua , Foreman Daniel P. , O’Brien Sarah A. , Jin Yuefei , Zhang Weiguo
Published: January 2018

Phospholipase D (PLD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid in the plasma membrane, to generate an important signaling lipid, phosphatidic acid. Phosphatidic acid is a second messenger that regulates vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, and cell signaling in immune cells and other cell types. Published studies, using pharmacological inhibitors or protein overexpression, indicate that PLD plays a positive role in TCR-mediated signaling and cell activation. In this study, we used mice deficient in PLD1, PLD2, or both to assess the function of these enzymes in T cells. Our data showed that PLD1 deficiency impaired TCR-mediated signaling, T cell expansion, and effector function during immune responses against Listeria monocytogenes; however, PLD2 deficiency had a minimal impact on T cells. Biochemical analysis indicated that PLD1 deficiency affected Akt and PKCθ activation. In addition, it impaired TCR downregulation and the secondary T cell response. Together, our results suggested that PLD1 plays an important role in T cell activation.
Evaluation of the bonding strength between yttrium-stabilized zirconia and coating ceramics with three-point flexural Test: The surface treatment effect
Authors: Felipe Anderson Fernandes , Miranda Coimbra Walace Henry , Pinheiro Carvalho Geraldo Alberto , Kreve Simone , Gonçalves Franco Aline Batista , Dias Sergio Cândido
Published: January 2018

Aim: This study aimed at evaluating with the three-point flexural test, the bonding strength of tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline stabilized by yttria zirkonzahn (Y-TZP) and two coating ceramics (Ice e Vision Zircon), with two surface treatments (treated and untreated). Materials and Methods: Forty Y-TZP bars were divided into four groups (n = 10): vision zircon/without treatment (VZ/woT), vision zircon/with treatment (VZ/wT), ice/without treatment, and ice/with treatment (I/wT). The flexural strength assay was conducted using a 50 N load cell and 1 mm/min speed. Results were analyzed with one-factor ANOVA, two-factor ANOVA, and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results: The treatment surface of Y-TZP affected significantly the bonding strength (P = 0.019), with higher values in VZ/woT group in comparison with the groups VZ/wT (P = 0.027) e I/wT (P = 0.034). The variable “coating ceramic” was not statistically significant (P = 0.138), on the other hand, the variable “surface treatment” significantly decreased the strength values when vision zircon ceramics was used (P = 0.018). Conclusion: This study concluded that the use of the evaluated ceramics did not influence the bond strength and the surface treatment decreased strength depending on the coating ceramics.
A High Order Well-Balanced Finite Volume WENO Scheme for a Blood Flow Model in Arteries
Authors: Yao Zhonghua , Li Gang , Gao Jinmei
Published: January 2018

The numerical simulations for the blood flow in arteries by high order accurate schemes have a wide range of applications in medical engineering. The blood flow model admits the steady state solutions, in which the flux gradient is non-zero and is exactly balanced by the source term. In this paper, we present a high order finite volume weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme, which preserves the steady state solutions and maintains genuine high order accuracy for general solutions. The well-balanced property is obtained by a novel source term reformulation and discretisation, combined with well-balanced numerical fluxes. Extensive numerical experiments are carried out to verify well-balanced property, high order accuracy, as well as good resolution for smooth and discontinuous solutions.
Integrable Properties of a Variant of the Discrete Hungry Toda Equations and Their Relationship to Eigenpairs of Band Matrices
Authors: Nishiyama Yusuke , Shinjo Masato , Kondo Koichi , Iwasaki Masashi
Published: January 2018

The Toda equation and its variants are studied in the filed of integrable systems. One particularly generalized time discretisation of the Toda equation is known as the discrete hungry Toda (dhToda) equation, which has two main variants referred to as the dhTodaI equation and dhTodaII equation. The dhToda equations have both been shown to be applicable to the computation of eigenvalues of totally nonnegative (TN) matrices, which are matrices without negative minors. The dhTodaI equation has been investigated with respect to the properties of integrable systems, but the dhTodaII equation has not. Explicit solutions using determinants and matrix representations called Lax pairs are often considered as symbolic properties of discrete integrable systems. In this paper, we clarify the determinant solution and Lax pair of the dhTodaII equation by focusing on an infinite sequence. We show that the resulting determinant solution firmly covers the general solution to the dhTodaII equation, and provide an asymptotic analysis of the general solution as discrete-time variable goes to infinity.
Tendencias de la precipitación y su relación con el Índice Oceánico El Niño. El caso de la Región Mixteca, México
Authors: Martínez-Austria P. F. , Díaz-Jiménez D.
Published: January 2018

La ocurrencia de sequías es una preocupación constante en zonas áridas y semiáridas, especialmente cuando se trata de regiones socialmente vulnerables como es el caso de la Región Mixteca en México, condición que puede agravarse según se anticipa de los escenarios de cambio climático. Los modelos de circulación general no permiten prever las condiciones de precipitación en escalas regionales, por lo que se hace necesario el estudio de las tendencias y comportamientos climáticos locales. Determinar la relación entre el clima local y fenómenos de gran escala, como los eventos El Niño/La Niña, es de relevancia para establecer medidas de prevención. En este artículo se analiza la tendencia de la precipitación en la región Mixteca de México, se determina la presencia de una tendencia estadísticamente significativa a la disminución en la precipitación, y se analiza la relación entre las condiciones de precipitación en la zona y el Índice Oceánico El Niño. Se muestra que existe una tendencia estadísticamente significativa de disminución de la precipitación, y se encuentra que existe una correlación entre el índice Oceánico El Niño y las condiciones de precipitación extrema -humedad o sequía- en la región.
UK national minimum wage and labor market outcomes of young workers
Authors: Fidrmuc Jan , Tena J. D.
Published: January 2018

The UK national minimum wage (NMW) is age-specific with the most important threshold at the age of 22 (lowered to 21 from 2010 onwards) when workers become eligible for the adult rate. The authors estimate the impact of this threshold on employment by means of a regression discontinuity analysis. Because this threshold is known in advance, they investigate the presence of discontinuities in both the level and the slope of employment probabilities at different ages around the threshold. Their results indicate that turning 22 does not significantly change the employment probability. However, they find a significant change in the slope of the probability of being employed around one year before, suggesting a smooth deterioration of employment probability before turning 22 rather than a sudden change at a particular age. This finding is confirmed by a differencein- difference analysis. However, no such effect can be found during the period preceding the introduction of the NMW.
Capability of U–Pb dating of zircons from Quaternary tephra: Jemez Mountains, NM, and La Sal Mountains, UT, USA
Authors: Krautz Jana , Hofmann Mandy , Gärtner Andreas , Linnemann Ulf , Kleber Arno
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Two Quaternary tephras derived from the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico – the Guaje and Tsankawi tephras – are difficult to distinguish due to their similar glass-shard chemical composition. Differences in bulk chemical composition are small as well. Here we examine the feasibility to assign an age to a distal tephra layer in the La Sal Mountains, Utah, by U–Pb dating of zircons and to correlate it with one of the two Jemez eruptions. We also dated original Jemez tephras for comparison. Even though the tephras are very young, we obtained reasonable age determinations using the youngest cluster of zircon grains overlapping in age at 2σ. Thereafter, the Guaje tephra is 1.513 ± 0.021 Myr old. The La Sal Mountains tephra is correlated with the Tsankawi tephra. Three samples yielded a common age range of 1.31–1.40 Myr. All ages are in slight disagreement with published age determinations obtained by 40Ar ∕ 39Ar dating. These findings indicate that distal Jemez tephras can be distinguished by U–Pb dating. Furthermore, we encourage giving this method a try for age assignments even of Quaternary volcanic material.
El valor de la autonomía en la intervención familiar
Authors: Lozano Vicente Agustín
Published: January 2018

A partir de la evolución y las características más señaladas del valor de la autonomía, se examina su viabilidad y aplicación en el campo de la intervención social familiar. Las peculiaridades que presenta la intervención familiar suponen un desafío para uno de valores más asentados en la profesión. El motivo principal residiría en que la familia constituye un grupo organizado por la mediación de las normas morales, muchas veces en conflicto con los derechos éticos del individuo, ámbito bajo el que se conforman las realidades aludidas por el llamado principio de autonomía. Teniendo en cuenta la realidad moral que constituye la unidad familiar, se exponen diversos argumentos para una revisión crítica del principio de autonomía. Aun así, se enuncia un criterio general que nos permitiría justificar la prioridad de los derechos éticos del individuo.Se finaliza el artículo con la defensa de que el principio denominado de autonomía, más que un principio se ha de considerar una regla de actuación profesional, según los casos y circunstancias, en el contexto de una ética profesional presidida por la virtud clásica de la prudencia.
Dificultades de los profesionales de protección infantil en la investigación de casos
Authors: Martín Cabrera Eduardo , Suárez Martín Haridian
Published: January 2018

La investigación de las notificaciones de posibles situaciones de desprotección infantil es una tarea compleja, que es responsabilidad de los profesionales del sistema de protección infantil y que no siempre se puede realizar en las mejores condiciones. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer cuáles son las principales dificultades con las que se enfrentan los profesionales. Para ello, 90 técnicos respondieron a un cuestionario que contenía una pregunta abierta sobre este aspecto. A través del análisis de contenido de las respuestas, se establecieron ocho categorías. El problema más frecuente es el referido al poco tiempo del que disponen para realizar la investigación, aunque también se nombran otras categorías referidas a las condiciones de trabajo y a la falta de formación técnica. También se encontraron algunas diferencias en función del perfil profesional. Se discuten los resultados hallados en relación a la literatura previa y se desprenden algunas reflexiones de cara a la mejora de las tareas de investigación
Forecasting Rainfall in Mauritius using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Cheeneebash Jayrani , Harradon Ashvin , Gopaul Ashvin
Published: January 2018

In this paper, two forecasting methods namely, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and the artificial neural network (ANN) are studied to forecast the amount of rainfall in Mauritius. Indeed due to the geographical location of Mauritius, the rainfall pattern is deeply affected by the season prevailing whereby the period of summer receives a relatively high amount of rainfall when compared to winter. As such, forecasting rainfall can help the local authorities to manage the distribution of water in the country especially during droughts. The results obtained from both methods are compared in terms of their mean square error, mean absolute difference and mean absolute percentage difference. It is then seen that artificial neural network is a much better model as it is more accurate. This is due to its nonlinearity characteristic and ability to learn and train itself.
Herman Melville and C. L. R. James: Oceanic Fears, Maritime Hopes
Authors: Uphaus Maxwell
Published: January 2018

The events of the last few years have given the mid-twentieth century fresh salience as a mirror for and guide to our contemporary moment. This article explores an outstanding example of such salience: C. L. R. James's Mariners, Renegades and Castaways: The Story of Herman Melville and the World We Live In (1953). Written under detention by the McCarthy-era U.S. government, James's book reads Melville's Moby Dick as a prophecy of the rise of totalitarianism. In other words, it finds in Melville a mid-nineteenth-century anticipation of some of the twentieth century's quintessential fears. This article argues that both authors' fears are distinctively oceanic: fears aroused by the kind of experience the ocean exemplifies. However, James also finds grounds for hope in the skills and qualities of the maritime community Melville portrays. This article concludes by sketching the present-day resonance of the oceanic fears and maritime hopes James traces in Melville.
The Courage to Have Courage
Authors: Kim Min Seong
Published: January 2018

This article presents two theories of social change, developed by Ernesto Laclau and Alain Badiou. Laclau offers a theory of how political movements come to acquire wide acceptance. Badiou, by drawing conceptual resources from his elaborate ontological system, theorizes politics as a process by which something genuinely new comes to be in social situations. Tracing the implications of their respective approaches, this article identifies shortcomings in each. It argues, however, that the difficulties that are encountered are not solely indications of theoretical shortcomings, but are indicative of the real difficulty of both conceiving and practicing a politics of radical social change today.
“The Festering Sores of Our Body Politic”: Federal Tobacco Taxation, Race, and the Politics of Fear in Postemancipation Virginia
Authors: O'Connor Patrick Mulford
Published: January 2018

During the decades following the Civil War, taxation was a source of significant political agitation among much of Virginia's white community. Especially influential was federal tobacco taxation. A centerpiece of Republican fiscal policy, the tobacco tax seemed to many Virginians an affliction upon their once prosperous industry. Critics of both the Republicans and Virginia's Readjuster Party associated tobacco taxation with emancipation and black civil rights—policies popularly understood to have corroded Virginia's erstwhile cultural stability. By the 1880s, this association helped fuel a reactionary backlash and elevate the white supremacist Democrats into power.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: January 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 11, No. 1
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 12, No. 2
Authors: Lee Sunny
Published: January 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 12, No. 2
Crisis de la vivienda, movimientos sociales y empoderamiento: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Sala Eduard
Published: January 2018

En el contexto de la crisis, las dificultades de las familias para enfrentarse a la deuda hipotecaria en España, junto a la falta de efectividad de los poderes públicos para paliar esta situación, han provocado el surgimiento de plataformas ciudadanas de ayuda. Con el objetivo de estudiar las respuestas sociales y el empoderamiento, se presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura (130 artículos y capítulos publicados entre 2002 y 2016), usando la metodología Systematic Quantitative Literature Review. La información se clasifica en función del año de publicación, el idioma, la región estudiada y el tipo de estudio. A continuación se hace un análisis de los contenidos que permite identificar las respuestas sociales frente a la crisis de la vivienda.