bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma Carotenoids and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Patients with prior Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Hughes Kathryn J. , Mayne Susan T. , Blumberg Jeffrey B. , Ribaya-Mercado Judy D. , Johnson Elizabeth J. , Cartmel Brenda
Published: November 2017

Diets high in fruits and vegetables are generally believed protective against several chronic diseases. One suggested mechanism is a reduction in oxidative stress. The carotenoids, nutrients found in colored fruits and vegetables, possess antioxidant properties in vitro, but their role in humans is less well documented. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationships between the most abundant plasma carotenoids (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin and beta-cryptoxanthin), as well as grouped carotenoids (total xanthophylls, carotenes and carotenoids), and urinary excretion of the F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), stable and specific biomarkers of oxidative damage to lipids. Two F2-IsoP measures were utilized: total F2-IsoPs and 8-iso-PGF2α. The study population (N = 52) was drawn from a study among patients curatively treated for early-stage head and neck cancer. Unadjusted linear regression analyses revealed significant inverse associations between plasma lutein, total xanthophylls and both F2-IsoP measures at baseline. After control for potential confounders, all individual and grouped xanthophylls remained inversely associated with the F2-IsoP measures, but none of these associations achieved significance. The carotenes were not inversely associated with total F2-IsoPs or 8-iso-PGF2a concentrations. The finding of consistent inverse associations between individual and grouped xanthophylls, but not individual and grouped carotenes, and F2-IsoPs is intriguing and warrants further investigation.
Biomarker Validation for Aging: Lessons from mtDNA Heteroplasmy Analyses in Early Cancer Detection
Authors: Barker Peter E. , Murthy Mahadev
Published: November 2017

The anticipated biological and clinical utility of biomarkers has attracted significant interest recently. Aging and early cancer detection represent areas active in the search for predictive and prognostic biomarkers. While applications differ, overlapping biological features, analytical technologies and specific biomarker analytes bear comparison. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a biomarker in both biological models has been evaluated. However, it remains unclear whether mtDNA changes in aging and cancer represent biological relationships that are causal, incidental, or a combination of both. This article focuses on evaluation of mtDNA-based biomarkers, emerging strategies for quantitating mtDNA admixtures, and how current understanding of mtDNA in aging and cancer evolves with introduction of new technologies. Whether for cancer or aging, lessons from mtDNA based biomarker evaluations are several. Biological systems are inherently dynamic and heterogeneous. Detection limits for mtDNA sequencing technologies differ among methods for low-level DNA sequence admixtures in healthy and diseased states. Performance metrics of analytical mtDNA technology should be validated prior to application in heterogeneous biologically-based systems. Critical in evaluating biomarker performance is the ability to distinguish measurement system variance from inherent biological variance, because it is within the latter that background healthy variability as well as high-value, disease-specific information reside.
Joint Variable Selection and Classification with Immunohistochemical Data
Authors: Ghosh Debashis , Chakrabarti Ratna
Published: November 2017

To determine if candidate cancer biomarkers have utility in a clinical setting, validation using immunohistochemical methods is typically done. Most analyses of such data have not incorporated the multivariate nature of the staining profiles. In this article, we consider modelling such data using recently developed ideas from the machine learning community. In particular, we consider the joint goals of feature selection and classification. We develop estimation procedures for the analysis of immunohistochemical profiles using the least absolute selection and shrinkage operator. These lead to novel and flexible models and algorithms for the analysis of compositional data. The techniques are illustrated using data from a cancer biomarker study.
Pathway Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Patients with Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Mohamed Salah A. , Sievers Hans H. , Hanke Thorsten , Richardt Doreen , Schmidtke Claudia , Charitos Efstratios I. , Belge Gazanfer , Bullerdiek Joern
Published: November 2017

Background

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and a relatively unclarified pathophysiological mechanism. Although differentially expressed genes in AAD have been recognized, interactions between these genes remain poorly defined. This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AAD and to support the future development of a clinical test for monitoring patients at high risk.

Materials and Methods

Aortic tissue was collected from 19 patients with AAD (mean age 61.7 ± 13.1 years), and from eight other patients (mean age 32.9 ± 12.2 years) who carried the mutated gene for Marfan syndrome (MS). Six patients (mean age 56.7 ± 12.3 years) served as the control group. The PIQOR™ Immunology microarray with 1076 probes in quadruplicates was utilized; the differentially expressed genes were analysed in a MedScan search using PathwayAssist software. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and protein analysis were performed.

Results

Interactions of MS fibrillin-1 (FBN1) in the MedScan pathway analysis showed four genes, fibulin-1 (FBLN1), fibulin-2 (FBLN2), decorin (DCN) and microfibrillar associated protein 5 (MFAP5), which were differentially expressed in all tissue from AAD. The validation of these genes by qRT-PCR revealed a minimum of three-fold downregulation of FBLN1 (0.5 ± 0.4 vs. 6.1 ± 2.3 fold, p = 0.003) and of DCN (2.5 ± 1.0 vs. 8.5 ± 4.7 fold, p = 0.04) in AAD compared to MS and control samples.

Conclusions

Downregulation of fibrillin-1 (FBN1) may weaken extracellular components in the aorta and/or interfer with the transmission of cellular signals and eventually cause AAD. Additional research on these four identified genes can be a starting point to develop a diagnostic tool.
An Optimal Protocol to Analyze the Rat Spinal Cord Proteome
Authors: Gil-Dones F. , Alonso-Orgaz S. , Avila G. , Martin-Rojas T. , Moral-Darde V. , Barroso G. , Vivanco F. , Scott-Taylor J. , Barderas M.G.
Published: November 2017

Since the function of the spinal cord depends on the proteins found there, better defing the normal Spinal Cord Proteome is an important and challenging task. Although brain and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with different central nervous system (CNS) disorders have been studied, a thorough examination of specific spinal cord proteins and the changes induced by injury or associated to conditions such as neurodegeneration, spasticity and neuropathies has yet to be performed. In the present study, we aimed to describe total protein content in the spinal cord of healthy rats, employing different proteomics tools. Accordingly, we have developed a fast, easy, and reproducible sequential protocol for protein extraction from rat spinal cords. We employed conventional two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) in different pH ranges (eg. 4–7, 3–11 NL) combined with identification by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF), as well as first dimension protein separation combined with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to maximise the benefits of this technology. The value of these techniques is demonstrated here by the identification of several proteins known to be associated with neuroglial structures, neurotransmission, cell survival and nerve growth in the central nervous system. Furthermore this study identified many spinal proteins that have not previously been described in the literature and which may play an important role as either sensitive biomarkers of dysfunction or of recovery after Spinal Cord Injury.
Possible Mitochondria-Associated Enzymatic Role in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Residual Disease
Authors: Kusao Ian , Troelstrup David , Shiramizu Bruce
Published: November 2017

Background

The mechanisms responsible for resistant or recurrent disease in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are not yet fully understood. A unique mechanism suggesting the role of the mitochondria as the key energy source responsible for residual cells has been assessed in the clinical setting on specimens from patients on therapy were found to have increased copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) associated with positive minimal residual disease and/or persistent disease (MRD/PD) status. The potential role of mtDNA in MRD/PD emphasizes queries into the contributions of relevant enzymatic pathways responsible for MRD/PD. This study hypothesized that in an in-vitro model, recovering or residual cells from chemotoxicity will exhibit an increase in both citrate synthase and isocitrate dehydrogenase expression and decrease in succinate dehydrogenase expression.

Procedure

Ramos cells (Burkitt lymphoma cell line) were exposed to varying concentrations of doxorubicin and vincristine for 1 hr; and allowing for recovery in culture over a 7-day period. cDNA was extracted on days 1 and 7 of the cell culture period to assess the relative expression of the aforementioned genes.

Results

Increase citrate synthase, increase isocitrate dehydrogenase and decrease succinate dehydrogenase expressions were found in recovering Ramos cells.

Conclusion

Recovering lymphoma cells appear to compensate by regulating enzymatic levels of appropriate genes in the Krebs Cycle suggesting an important role of the mitochondria in the presence of residual cells.
Antibiotic-Mediated Inhibition of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Infection: A Novel Quinolone Function Which Potentiates the Antiviral Cytokine Response in MARC-145 Cells and Pig Macrophages
Authors: Cafruny William A. , Duman Richard G. , Rowland Raymond R. , Nelson Eric A. , Wong Grace H.
Published: November 2017

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an economically significant agent for which there currently are no effective treatments. Development of antiviral agents for PRRSV as well as many other viruses has been limited by toxicity of known antiviral compounds. In contrast, antibiotics for non-virus microbial infections have been widely useful, in part because of their acceptable toxicity in animals. We report here the discovery that the quinolone-containing compound Plasmocin™, as well as the quinolones nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, have potent anti-PRRSV activity in vitro. PRRSV replication was inhibited by these antibiotics in both cultured MARC-145 cells and cultured primary alveolar porcine macrophages (PAMs). Furthermore, sub-optimal concentrations of nalidixic acid synergized with antiviral cytokines (AK-2 or IFN-γ) to quantitatively and qualitatively inhibit PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells or PAMs. The antiviral activity of Plasmocin and nalidixic acid correlated with reduced actin expression in MARC-145 cells. Replication of the related lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) was also inhibited in primary mouse macrophages by Plasmocin. These results are significant to the development of antiviral strategies with potentially reduced toxicity, and provide a model system to better understand regulation of arterivirus replication.
Generation of BKV-Specific T Cells for Adoptive Therapy against BKV Nephropathy
Authors: Li Jongming , Mookerjee Bijoyesh , Singh Priya , Wagner John L
Published: November 2017

Nephropathy associated with BK virus has emerged as an important cause of allograft failure in renal transplant recipients. Here we exploited a recently developed novel monocyte based solid phase T cell selection system, in which monocytes are immobilized on solid support, for antigen-specific T cell purification. The underlying hypothesis of this new method is that antigen-specific T cells recognize, bind their cognate antigens faster than non-specific T cells and are concentrated on the surface after removing the non-adherent cells by washing. Moreover, activated antigen-specific T cells proliferate more rapidly than non-specific T cells, further increasing the frequency and purity of antigen-specific T cells. Optimal selection times for BK virus-specific T cells are studied. Our data demonstrated that T cell selection can usually increase the frequency of antigen-specific T cells by > 10 fold, whereas T cell expansion following the selection boost the frequency of antigen-specific T cells by another ~10 fold. This new T cell selection system is superior to traditional stimulation method (i.e. simply mixing antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes together) in generating antigen-specific T cells. This inexpensive and simple T cell selection system can produce large quantity of highly purified BK virus-specific T cells within 1–2 weeks after initial T cell activation.
DIFUSIÓN DEL ARTE RUPESTRE A TRAVÉS DE APLICACIONES MÓVILES DE REALIDAD AUMENTADA: UN ENFOQUE PRÁCTICO
Authors: Blanco Pons Silvia , Lerma José Luis
Published: November 2017

Rock art of the Mediterranean Basin of the Iberian Peninsula was declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO, it has an outstanding cultural value hence its dissemination is essential. Over the years, rock art paintings have been deteriorated and even some have disappeared. Consequently, it is quite difficult to recognise them in situ without experts. At this point, non-invasive and novel techniques can offer great potential, on the one hand, avoiding direct contact with the surface promoting its conservation, and on the other hand, through dissemination and analysis of these elements. One of the most promising techniques is Augmented Reality (AR). By means of AR applications, the visitor can see any kind of virtual content related to cultural heritage, through its mobile or tablet screen. Thus, any virtual content that is considered of interest can be added, offering in this way additional information that complements the real element. In this study, two approaches are presented for the rock art dissemination of the Cova dels Cavalls. The first is based on a marker recognition, which launches the application that displays an image of the motif and a descriptive text about it. In the second proposal, the camera device recognises the real image of the painting and the virtual information is overlapped. The study aims at evaluating the use of these AR techniques applied to rock art dissemination and shows the methodology for its development.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6598
ANALYSIS OF REPEATABILITY ON VIDEOGRAMMETRY FOR INFANTS’ CRANIAL DEFORMATION
Authors: Barbero Garcia Inés , Lerma José Luis , Marqués Mateu Ángel , Miranda Pablo
Published: November 2017

Cranial deformation affects a large number of infants. The methodologies commonly employed to measure the deformation include, among others, calliper measurements and visual assessment for mild cases and radiological imaging for severe cases, where surgical intervention is considered. Visual assessment and calliper measurements usually lack the required level of accuracy to evaluate the deformation. Radiological imaging, including Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), are costly and highly invasive. The use of smartphones to record videos that can be used for three-dimensional (3D) modelling of the head has emerged as a low-cost, non-invasive methodology to extract 3D information of the patient. To be able to analyse the deformation, a novel technique is employed: the obtained model is compared with an ideal head. In this study we have tested the repeatability of the process. For this purpose, several models of two patients have been obtained and the differences between them are evaluated. The results show that the differences in the ellipsoid semiaxis for the same patient are usually below 4 mm, although they increase up to 6.4 mm in some cases. The variability in the distances to the ideal head, which are the values used to evaluate deformity, reaches a maximum value of 2.7 mm. The errors obtained are comparable to those of classical measurement techniques and show the potential of the methodology in development.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6604
DISPERSIÓN URBANA Y SOSTENIBILIDAD AMBIENTAL EN LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA
Authors: Miñana-Fayos Salvador , Gielen Eric , Riutort-Mayol Gabriel
Published: November 2017

The territory is configured by different urban models. During the last decades the tendency in many European countries has been forward to an urban sprawl development model. This kind of development causes several economic, social and environmental effects. This paper is focused on studying the environmental effects of the urban sprawl model for all municipalities of Valencia. These effects are measured over a set of 14 environmental indicators. First of all, an urban sprawl index is calculated by means of the Principal Component Analysis technique from the three more characteristic variables of the sprawl phenomenon. Finally, a regression model with spatially correlated effects is formulated with the aim of estimating the effects of the urban sprawl model on the environmental indicators. It is concluded that the sprawl model causes significant effects on most of the environmental indicators.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6622
ANÁLISIS DE SISMICIDAD ASOCIADA AL LLENADO DE EMBALSES. CASO DEL CENTRO DE PRODUCCIÓN DE PIRRÍS (COSTA RICA)
Authors: Ruiz Barajas Sandra , Alvarado Guillermo E. , Benito Oterino Belén , Climent Álvaro
Published: November 2017

The presented work is the result of a new collaboration between the Costa Rican Institute of Electricity (ICE) and the Technical University of Madrid (UPM) for the investigation of induced seismicity issues. Triggered seismicity associated with the filling of artificial water reservoirs is known since six decades ago. However, it is the case of triggered seismicity more complicated to model their effects. More than 100 cases of reservoir induced/triggered seismicity have been collected around the world and this issue continues today being a research topic of great importance. Indeed, new developments and contributions are constantly being made with the aim of achieve a better understanding of their characteristics and genesis. The main aim of the presented work is to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the seismic events recorded around the Pirrís reservoir before, during and after its filled. With the analysis of the seismic events we try to know and control the influence of the reservoir operations on the seismic activity of the area. Different parameters are studied, using methodologies proposed by different authors, in order to explain the possible effects of reservoir filling in changing the stress conditions in the environment and to detect any possible anomaly. Moreover, some analysis have been done in order to find a possible correlation between the water level in the reservoir and the evolution of the seismic activity recorded. Overall, the results of this study will provide important conclusions about the sensitivity of certain parameters to evaluate and model the effects of filling reservoirs on the seismic activity in the vicinity and we will present the spatial-temporal evolution of the seismicity associated with the specific case of the Pirrís hydraulic project.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6666
INFLUENCIA DEL ESPECTRO SÍSMICO EN LOS EFECTOS DE LOS TERREMOTOS EN LAS EDIFICACIONES
Authors: Navas Sánchez Laura , Cervera Bravo Jaime , Benito Oterino Belén
Published: November 2017

This project aims to analyse the influence that the response spectrum form may have in the damage that a building structure suffers. In order to demonstrate, two different buildings have been modelled: the first represents a typical construction situated in Lorca, which has a long fundamental period. And another which has a short fundamental period, whose singular design allows us to extract some conclusions about the influence of certain factors such as irregularities or torsion effects. Besides, it will be applied in both buildings two different seisms: a short and a long-period response spectrum, so as to study the resonance phenomenon. In addition, it will be exposed briefly the most important changes that have suffered the seismic codes according to the seismic design of building structures.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6668
ESTIMACIÓN DEL RIESGO SÍSMICO EN CASTILLA - LA MANCHA PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DEL PLAN ESPECIAL DE EMERGENCIAS
Authors: Romero Jarén Rocío , Quirós Ligia , Sorondo Fernando , Benito Belén
Published: November 2017

An estimation of the seismic risk in Castilla - La Mancha (Spain) is set forth in the current work, in order to develop the special emergency programme. To carry out the study it has been necessary to define a multidisciplinary group of experts in each involved discipline: geology and tectonics, seismology, architecture, engineering and geographical information systems. The main aim is to develop different seismic risk maps to provide the basis to elaborate the emergency plans in Castilla - La Mancha. These plans must follow the stipulated guidelines in the seismic risk field. A probabilistic methodology is adopted to define the seismic risk, considering this as the human and material losses in presence of the expected seismic event. The seismic hazard of the area of study is evaluated through return periods of 475 and 975 years, equivalents to exceedance probabilities of 10% and 5% in 50 years respectively. These probabilities are proposed in the framework of the Spanish seismic code “Normativa Sismorresistente Española, NCSE-02”, for conventional and special buildings. In a first approach, the study attempt to estimates the expected losses in each city of the overall of Castilla - La Mancha in the presence of the probable movements in 50 and 100 years. The results allow us to make a relative estimation of the seismic risk in different areas, identify those cities which undergo highest damages indexes and which ones would require a more in-depth assessment so as to mitigate the risk. Besides, the results contribute to establish objective priorities to define emergency plans at city scale.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6670
Estudio longitudinal de las calificaciones de evaluación continua en la asignatura de Arquitectura de Redes II del Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías y Servicios de Telecomunicación
Authors: López de Vergara Jorge E. , Olmos Ricardo
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se realiza un estudio longitudinal de las calificaciones de evaluación continua de la asignatura Arquitectura de Redes II, del Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías y Servicios de Telecomunicación que se oferta en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Para ello se analizan las calificaciones obtenidas en los veinte controles realizados durante cinco cursos académicos. Los resultados muestran que, en general, existe una alta correlación en las calificaciones que obtienen los estudiantes entre las distintas pruebas de cada curso, lo cual permite corroborar que los ejercicios han sido correctamente planteados. Igualmente, se comparan los resultados obtenidos entre cursos distintos, observándose que los resultados tienen similitudes en las distintas promociones, si bien se observa cierta variación en las calificaciones a lo largo de los años.
Aprovechando el Poder de las Feromonas para Mejorar la Eficiencia Energética en Redes Definidas por Software
Authors: Galán-Jiménez Jaime , Sánchez Romero Raúl
Published: November 2017

En los últimos años, la conciencia por la eficiencia energética se ha instalado de lleno en el seno de la sociedad. Aunque la comunidad investigadora ha realizado grandes esfuerzos en proponer soluciones para reducir el consumo de energía de las redes de comunicaciones, la mayoría de estas propuestas están pensadas para redes IP, para las cuales es necesaria la coordinación entre los distintos elementos que las componen. La aparición de las redes SDN (Software-Defined Networking) y el desacople del plano de datos del plano de control abre nuevos caminos para proponer algoritmos energéticamente eficientes a ejecutar por parte de un elemento lógicamente centralizado, el controlador SDN. En este artículo se propone un algoritmo basado en el comportamiento de las colonias de hormigas que permite la elección óptima, en términos de eficiencia energética, de los modos de operación de los enlaces de la red. Los resultados obtenidos tras su ejecución sobre topologías de red reales indican que es posible conseguir un ahorro de energía significativo, en torno al 30% para el caso en que la función de energía de los enlaces de la red sea de tipo lineal.
Web of Energy: hacia la integración inteligente para las redes de sensores en Smart Grids
Authors: Caballero Victor , Vernet David , Zaballos Agustín , Corral Guiomar
Published: November 2017

Las Smart Grids se presentan como una solución a la demanda de la gestión distribuida e inteligente de la energía, mejorando así las funciones de automatización, recolección y procesamiento de datos. Para dar soporte a estas funciones inteligentes, es necesario el despliegue de novedosas infraestructuras TIC diseñadas para tal propósito. Una de las principales problemáticas de las Smart Grids es la heterogeneidad de protocolos de comunicación utilizados por los dispositivos inteligentes que las integran. Para dar solución a este problema, se propone el uso del concepto de la Web of Things. Sin embargo, somos conscientes de que las entidades que se encargan de la generación y gestión de la energía eléctrica pueden encontrar dificultades para adaptar su infraestructura a este novedoso entorno. Este artículo propone la introducción del Actor Model como modelo de diseño para una infraestructura que soporte las demandadas funciones inteligentes y sea capaz de agrupar y convertir la heterogeneidad de las infraestructuras tradicionales en la homogeneidad característica de la Web of Things.
Optimización de rutas para mejora de la eficiencia en la conducción
Authors: García Fernández Roberto , Tuero Alejandro G. , Pozueco Laura , Pañeda Xabiel G. , Corcoba Victor , Sanchez José A. , Melendi David , Rionda Abel
Published: November 2017

El sector del transporte es uno de los principales causantes de la emisión de partículas contaminantes del medioambiente. Entre las diferentes alternativas para la reducción de consumo y de emisión de partículas nocivas la más atractiva para las empresas de transporte profesional es la utilización de técnicas de conducción eficiente ya que permite aprovechar la flota de vehículos existente sin necesidad de invertir en nuevos vehículos y tecnología. En este trabajo se ha determinado cuál sería la técnica óptima de conducción para minimizar el consumo de combustible en una ruta. Los resultados pueden aplicarse en cursos de formación en conducción eficiente. Para los cálculos se han tomado datos reales de una flota profesional de autobuses, se ha obtenido un modelo de consumo y mediante optimización de rutas se ha determinado la técnica de conducción que minimiza el consumo en la ruta analizada. Los resultados indican que la conducción eficiente tiene una influencia muy significativa en el consumo de combustible. Con una conducción óptima podrían alcanzarse reducciones en el consumo de hasta 15 litros/100km, un 28% menos, en la ruta analizada, lo cual redunda en una reducción notable de consumo en el global de la compañía, considerando las grandes distancias recorridas por los profesionales del sector del transporte.
Sistemas de gestión de contenido web: Uso y estudio comparativo inicial de su seguridad
Authors: Cano Maria-Dolores , Aledo-Hernández Antonio-José , Guillén-Pérez Antonio , Martinez-Caro Jose-Manuel , Sanchez-Iborra Ramon
Published: November 2017

Los Sistemas de Gestión de Contenido Web (Web Content Management Systems, WCMS) han ganado mucha popularidad debido a la facilidad que aportan a la hora de crear páginas o portales web, sites de comercio electrónico, etc. En este trabajo se explica de forma resumida cómo es el manejo los WCMS y qué se puede lograr con su uso. Para ello, trabajaremos con tres de los más populares WCMS de tipo open-source empleados hoy en día, Joomla, Wordpress y Drupal, y veremos las ventajas e inconvenientes de trabajar con cada uno de ellos. Con este fin, crearemos tres web iguales en requisitos y funcionalidades, una con cada WCMS, y se analizará cualitativamente la complejidad de cada uno de ellos. Finalmente, realizaremos un análisis básico de seguridad de las webs creadas, informando de sus posibles vulnerabilidades, explicando cómo mejorar su seguridad, qué fallos no debemos cometer y qué WCMS es inicialmente más seguro/vulnerable.
A passive, non-intrusive, cheap method to identify behaviours and habits in the Campus
Authors: Andión Jiménez Javier , Navarro González José Manuel , Álvarez-Campana Fernández-Corredor Manuel , Dueñas López Juan Carlos
Published: November 2017

Infrastructure usage discovery, positioning and analysis of behaviors of its users, usually requires a collection of accurate and frequent positioning data. This paper shows how a network of inexpensive and non-intrusive sensors can serve to perform this kind of analysis by detecting devices with wifi connectivity. We are able to obtain the hours of use of the infrastructures, the occupation of the different areas at each moment and some of the most common users' behaviours.
Equipamiento de laboratorio para mejorar el aprendizaje en comunicaciones móviles
Authors: Díaz Zayas Almudena , Rivas Tocado Francisco Javier , Merino Pedro
Published: November 2017

Se espera que las generaciones venideras degraduados e investigadores de ingeniería desarrollen un conjunto integral de habilidades para adaptarse a la industria delas comunicaciones móviles y a las expectativas del mercado.Para satisfacer estas demandas las universidades tendrán que colaborar e innovar en sus estilos de educación, herramientas de investigación y procesos de aprendizaje. La evolución de la experimentación remota y la disponibilidad de sistemasavanzados de pruebas para comunicaciones móviles ofrecen nuevas oportunidades, como la experimentación con la clase Gigabit LTE-A. En este artículo discutimos cómo este equipo podría ser adoptado con fines educativos y cómo se pueden usar tecnologías de acceso a entornos de investigación federados para proporcionar un acceso remoto y controlado.
Multivariate statistical technique over QoS variables to analyze video quality metrics on IEEE 802.11ac networks
Authors: García-Pineda Miguel , Felici-Castell Santiago , Segura-Garcia Jaume
Published: November 2017

We present the results from a measurementbasedperformance evaluation of wireless networks basedon IEEE 802.11ac standard in an indoor environment, withthe aim to analyze their performance under high definitionstreaming video applications. We focus our study on analyzingthe highest performance of these standards using off-theshelfequipment as well as the behavior of Quality of Servicevariables and how they affect to the video quality. Thus, wehave analyzed and measured these variables and have applieda multivariate statistical technique, called Factor Analysis,and finally discuss their behavior.
MediaDASH Tool: Plataforma Web para la Codificación, Difusión y Recepción de Videos DASH
Authors: García-Pineda Miguel , García-Costa Daniel , Hannecke-Esteve Jonatan , Felici-Castell Santiago , Segura-García Jaume
Published: November 2017

Hoy en día el tráfico de video de internetsignifica alrededor del 65-70% del tráfico total. Se prevéque en 2019 aumente hasta el 80%. Debido a esto se hacenecesario optimizar y mejorar las tecnologías relacionadascon la transmisión de video para garantizar una calidad deexperiencia adecuada. Es por ello que se están desarrollando nuevos protocolos de transmisión de videoadaptativos basados en DASH. Debido a que su uso estáaumentando en los últimos años para realizar streamingsobre HTTP. En este artículo presentamos la herramientaMediaDASH Tool, la cual es una aplicación web quepermite de manera muy intuitiva poder comprimir ypreparar videos para su difusión con DASH. Así como suposterior visualización a través de la misma plataforma.Esta herramienta puede ser de gran utilidad para usuariosfinales que quieran disponer de su sistema DASH comotambién para investigadores que quieran testear suscontenidos multimedia haciendo uso de estos protocolos.
Desarrollo de un laboratorio abierto de enjambres de robots autónomos de limpieza
Authors: Melendi David , Pozueco Laura , Sánchez José Antonio , G. Tuero Alejandro , García Fernández Roberto , G. Pañeda Xabiel , Asenjo Noemí , Quintana Oscar , Viñuela Javier , López Pedro B. , Santinho Adrián
Published: November 2017

En el corto plazo, la industria del robot autónomo y de los drones será un factor de desarrollo importante. Tanto la fabricación de los propios dispositivos, como del desarrollo del software que los hace funcionar serán actividades empresariales de importancia en el sector TIC. No obstante, el futuro de los robots de trabajo autónomo es colaborar unos con otros y con el entorno que los rodea (adaptación al contexto). Para ello, deben de ser capaces de interactuar con otros equipos mediante protocolos de comunicación y sistemas de razonamiento. Por ello, en este trabajo se presenta una experiencia encaminada a la obtención de un sistema de trabajo colaborativo para que un grupo/enjambre de robots autónomos de limpieza puedan trabajar de forma conjunta. La experiencia se basa en un laboratorio abierto que permite a los alumnos proponer y realizar sus propios desarrollos. En el trabajo se presentan tanto los aspectos metodológicos de la experiencia, como los avances que se han conseguido realizar hasta la fecha.
Modelo de colas con vacations aplicado a un sistema de captura de paquetes
Authors: Zabala Luis , Ferro Armando , Nieva Ander
Published: November 2017

La mejora de sistemas de captura de paquetes de red ha sido extensamente cubierta como tema de investigación en los pasados años. La mayoría de estas iniciativas han sido respaldadas por evaluaciones experimentales; sin embargo, ha habido pocas propuestas de modelado. Este trabajo presenta el modelado y el análisis de un sistema de cola finito con vacations aplicado a la etapa de captura de paquetes de un sistema de monitorización de red. Se plantean dos modelos con disciplina de servicio diferente (exhaustiva y limitada) y se evalúan sus rendimientos, principalmente en forma de throughput de captura, para distintos escenarios. Éstos contemplan diferentes tasas de entrada de paquetes y tiempos de vacation. Los resultados teóricos,  derivados de un estudio analítico basado en ecuaciones de balance y su desarrollo en forma matricial, también son comparados con los de una sonda real de tráfico de red que captura paquetes.
Multimedia communications in vehicular adhoc networks for several applications in the smart cities
Authors: Aguilar Igartua Mónica , Iza Paredes Cristhian , Uribe Ramírez José Antonio , López Márquez Nely Patricia , Lemus Leticia , Mezher Ahmad M.
Published: November 2017

Road safety applications envisaged for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) depend largely on the exchange of messages to deliver information to concerned vehicles. Safety applications as well as inherent VANET characteristics make data dissemination an essential service and a challenging task. We are developing a decentralized efficient solution for broadcast data dissemination through two game-theoretical mechanisms. Besides, VANETs can also include autonomous vehicles (AVs). AVs might represent a revolutionary new paradigm that can be a reality in our cities in the next few years. AVs do not need a driver to work; instead, they should copy a proper human behavior to adapt the driving according to the current circumstances, such as speed limit, pedestrian crossing street or wheather conditions. We will develop an AV software module including artificial intelligence (AI) techniques so that AVs can interact with the dynamic scenario throughout time. Finally, we also will include electrical vehicles (EV) in the VANET, so that special services such as finding and reserving an EV charging station place will be welcome. In addition, we are developing a multimetric geographic routing protocol for VANETs to transmit H.265 video (traffic accident, traffic state, commercial….) over VANETs.
Implementación de mecanismos de mitigación de tormentas de broadcast en redes de área local mediante Redes Definidas por Software
Authors: Ramos-Munoz Juan J. , Valera Muros Bárbara , Prados Garzón Jonathan , Navarro-Ortiz Jorge
Published: November 2017

El uso de Ethernet como tecnologı́a de red pararedes corporativas se justifica por su bajo coste y facilidadde configuración y mantenimiento. Sin embargo, estas redesno son muy escalables, debido en parte a las inundacioneso tormentas de broadcasts, que afectan al rendimiento tantode los dispositivos de red como finales. Para mitigar elimpacto de las inundaciones por broadcast, se ha previstoutilizar técnicas de filtrado y caché en distintos nodos dela red. Sin embargo, el paradigma de Redes Definidas porSoftware permite definir nuevas aproximaciones, gracias ala capacidad de reprogramar la red de forma centralizaday flexible que proporciona. En este trabajo se aborda laimplementación de una red de área local con soporte parafiltrar algunos paquetes broadcast mediante la utilizaciónde Redes Definidas por Software. Esta solución permitirı́adesplegar redes de área local más amplias, adecuadas paralos requisitos de redes corporativas. Para ello, se describe eldesarrollo de filtros para varios protocolos de red, su imple-mentación en el controlador OpendayLight, y la evaluacióndel rendimiento obtenido.
Caracterización experimental del comportamiento de Network Coding para comunicaciones multicast
Authors: Garrido Pablo , Agüero Ramon
Published: November 2017

Las comunicaciones multicast, caracaterizadas por la existencia de una única fuente, que transmite la misma información a múltiples destinos, están llamadas a ser un ingrediente relevante en las redes de siguiente generación. Este trabajo se centra en el uso del esquema de codificación de red Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) para ofrecer una mayor escalabilidad en ese tipo de comunicaciones, frente a otros esquemas más tradicionales, incrementando la fiabilidad extremo a extremo. Los resultados teóricos ponen de manifiesto la gran ventaja que supone el utilizar técnicas de codificación, frente al uso de retransmisiones selectivas para recuperar la información perdida. Además, se muestra la viabilidad de la solución propuesta, desplegándola sobre una plataforma experimental compuesta por múltiples dispositivos de bajo coste, Raspberry-Pi's.
Plataforma extremo-a-extremo compatible con el estándar HbbTV 2.0 para la TV híbrida y multi-dispositivo
Authors: Boronat Fernando , Montagud Mario , Salvador Pau
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se presenta una plataforma extremo-a-extremo para la generación, entrega y sincronización de contenidos híbridos (broadcast y broadband) relacionados, tanto en un mismo como en múltiples dispositivos (ej. escenario multi-pantalla). La plataforma es compatible con la versión más reciente del estándar Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (2.0.1) y, además, incluye soluciones eficientes para aspectos clave que no están especificados en dicho estándar, pero que son necesarios para la implantación satisfactoria de servicios de TV híbridos y multi-dispositivo, como: mecanismos de señalización para descubrir, asociar y describir los contenidos (híbridos) adicionales relacionados, mecanismos de interacción y negociación entre los dispositivos disponibles y soluciones de sincronización multimedia adaptativa (incluyendo protocolos, algoritmos y técnicas de ajuste) para alinear en el tiempo, de manera precisa, la presentación de los contenidos disponibles. La plataforma se ha evaluado objetiva y subjetivamente para el caso de uso de la TV multi-vista y multi-dispositivo, obteniendo resultados satisfactorios y prometedores.
Red de Sensores Inalámbricos de Bajo Consumo Energético en Agricultura Hidropónica
Authors: Jimenez Jose Miguel , Cambra Carlos , Sendra Sandra , Lloret Jaime
Published: November 2017

Debido a los cambios medioambientales, aumento demográfico o incluso la propia volatilidad de precios en los mercados, el sector agrícola necesita actualmente mejorar el manejo de los recursos agrarios. Las nuevas tecnologías son clave para mejorar la sostenibilidad en el sector agrícola y producir alimentos con calidad alimentaria contrastada. En los últimos años España está sufriendo etapas de escasez de agua y zonas semiáridas dedicadas a la horticultura sufren estos efectos, por lo que los agricultores se ven obligados a trasladar sus cultivos a zonas más húmedas que en muchas ocasiones, presentan condiciones climatológicas menos adecuadas. Gracias a la tecnología podemos monitorizar y crear entornos con condiciones ambientales idóneas mediante el uso de invernaderos, que nos permiten la producción de alimentos controlando todo tipo de parámetros ambientales, nutricionales y de la propia planta. En este artículo presentamos el desarrollo de una red de sensores móviles orientada a monitorizar los patrones de necesidades de las plantas  y tomar decisiones inteligentes según la captación de datos ambientales obtenida. La red está compuesta por nodos sensores comunicados con tranceptores de radio distribuidos en una red mallada, que podría ser fácilmente dapatada a cualquier tipo de uso a petición del profesional. Esta red ha sido probada en un entorno de agricultura hidropónica. Finalmente el paper muestra los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a tráfico generado, lo que nos permitirá en un futuro, hacer la red escalable..
Technical Note: Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth of Forged Type 316NG Austenitic Stainless Steel in 325°C Water
Authors: Xiao J. , Chen L.Y. , Zhou J. , Qiu S.Y. , Chen Y.
Published: November 2017

Forged Type 316NG austenitic stainless steel is commonly used to fabricate primary coolant pipe in advanced pressurized water reactor systems, but it is subject to corrosion fatigue cracking in primary coolant environments. In this study, the fatigue crack growth of Type 316NG austenitic stainless steel in 325°C water was investigated. The corrosion fatigue effect in 325°C water was mainly correlated to the crack growth rate and load frequency. A maximum Fen (environment corrected factor) value up to 100 was observed at f = 0.005 Hz, ΔK = 13 MPa√m. The dissolved oxygen tended to have little influence on the fatigue crack growth. The crack path was deflected and branched. Most secondary cracks tended to be initiated from grain boundaries.
Ensemble prediction of air quality using the WRF/CMAQ model system for health effect studies in China
Authors: Hu Jianlin , Li Xun , Huang Lin , Ying Qi , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Bin , Wang Shuxiao , Zhang Hongliang
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Accurate exposure estimates are required for health effect analyses of severe air pollution in China. Chemical transport models (CTMs) are widely used to provide spatial distribution, chemical composition, particle size fractions, and source origins of air pollutants. The accuracy of air quality predictions in China is greatly affected by the uncertainties of emission inventories. The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model with meteorological inputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model were used in this study to simulate air pollutants in China in 2013. Four simulations were conducted with four different anthropogenic emission inventories, including the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC), the Emission Inventory for China by School of Environment at Tsinghua University (SOE), the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), and the Regional Emission inventory in Asia version 2 (REAS2). Model performance of each simulation was evaluated against available observation data from 422 sites in 60 cities across China. Model predictions of O3 and PM2.5 generally meet the model performance criteria, but performance differences exist in different regions, for different pollutants, and among inventories. Ensemble predictions were calculated by linearly combining the results from different inventories to minimize the sum of the squared errors between the ensemble results and the observations in all cities. The ensemble concentrations show improved agreement with observations in most cities. The mean fractional bias (MFB) and mean fractional errors (MFEs) of the ensemble annual PM2.5 in the 60 cities are −0.11 and 0.24, respectively, which are better than the MFB (−0.25 to −0.16) and MFE (0.26–0.31) of individual simulations. The ensemble annual daily maximum 1 h O3 (O3-1h) concentrations are also improved, with mean normalized bias (MNB) of 0.03 and mean normalized errors (MNE) of 0.14, compared to MNB of 0.06–0.19 and MNE of 0.16–0.22 of the individual predictions. The ensemble predictions agree better with observations with daily, monthly, and annual averaging times in all regions of China for both PM2.5 and O3-1h. The study demonstrates that ensemble predictions from combining predictions from individual emission inventories can improve the accuracy of predicted temporal and spatial distributions of air pollutants. This study is the first ensemble model study in China using multiple emission inventories, and the results are publicly available for future health effect studies.