bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stahl – Baumaterial der Moderne
Authors: Werner Frank , Zimmermann Gerd
Published: October 2019

Die Stahlbauweise durchlief in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jh. eine dynamische Entwicklung. Als erste der modernen Bauweisen musste sie auf vielen Gebieten wesentliche Grundlagen schaffen. Die vielfältigen Einsatzgebiete, wie Skelettbauten, unterschiedlichste Hallen‐ und Brückenkonstruktionen, Kuppeln, Maste, riesige Behälter u. v. m., verlangten nach sicheren, zuverlässigen und ökonomischen Lösungen bei höchst unterschiedlichen Anforderungen. Der Werkstoff Stahl hat der Moderne wesentliche Chancen eröffnet und diese Epoche eindrucksvoll geprägt.

Die Erzeugung von Bessemerstahl (1855) und Siemens‐Martin‐Stahl (1865) bildete die Basis für entscheidende Fortschritte in der Qualität des Materials. Es begann die Massenerzeugung von Baustahl. Ende der 1930er‐Jahre war das grundlegende Sortiment der Baustähle geschaffen.

Die Technologie der Stahlbearbeitung mit hydraulischen Scheren und Pressen mit über 1 000 t Druck erlaubte schon zum Ende des 19. Jh. eine sehr effektive Produktion. Nach der Jahrhundertwende fanden Autogenschneidbrenner, Pressluftwerkzeuge und elektrisch betriebene Werkzeuge rasch Eingang in den Herstellungsprozess. Der Stahlbau produzierte immer auf industrieller Grundlage. Das Nieten bildete die beherrschende Verbindungstechnik zum Ende des 19. Jh. In den 1920er‐Jahren begann sich die Schweißtechnik ernsthaft zu etablieren. Damit wurden neue, konstruktiv klare, material‐ und herstellungseffektive Details und Baugruppen möglich.
Naïve and informed views on the nature of scientific inquiry in large‐scale assessments: Two sides of the same coin or different currencies?
Authors: Nehring Andreas
Published: October 2019

Many models in the field of epistemic cognition conceptualize students' views as being on a continuum between the poles of naïve and informed views. Against this background, the aim of the present study was to find out whether views on the nature of scientific inquiry (NOSI views) should be conceptualized and quantitatively assessed in a more multiplistic manner, considering naïve and informed views in their own, separate dimensions. Based on a competence model defining three inquiry methods, we developed a Likert‐scaled questionnaire containing 10 scales, each assessing one NOSI view. We administered the questionnaire to a sample of 802 students in the lower and upper levels of secondary school. Based on structural equation modeling, the analyses confirmed a 10‐dimensional model, distinguishing between each naïve and informed views as the only adequate representation of the data. Latent class analysis and interview data revealed four profiles of NOSI views in the data, which differed with regard to their agreement or disagreement with different naïve and informed views. We interpret these findings as evidence that supports more multiplistic models, with relevance to conceptualizing, measuring, and fostering NOSI views. We derive future directions of nature of science and NOSI research linking basic and applied research using experimental studies.
The characteristics of seminal fluid and the forensic tests available to identify it
Authors: Gamblin Amelia P. , Morgan‐Smith Rian K.
Published: October 2019

Semen body fluid identification remains a critical aspect of the forensic investigation of alleged sexual assaults. Over the years, as advancements have been made in the area of forensic science, several different methods for semen identification have been utilized. It is not unusual for several methods of semen identification to be incorporated into a single sexual assault investigation. Most methods of semen identification are based on either detecting enzymatic activities or are targeted at specific cells or antigens. Other methods have evolved utilizing fluorescence or protein expression. Presumptive tests are often used to screen or locate semen staining. Further confirmatory tests can be used to identify the staining as semen and finally the donor of the stain can be further identified through DNA analysis. For routine application of these methods, they need to be specific, sensitive, cost effective, easy to use, and nondestructive. Although new techniques are being researched, it appears that traditional methods of semen identification remain the most widely applied in forensic casework.

This article is categorized under:

Forensic Biology > Body Fluid Identification
Adaptive neural network tracking control for underactuated systems with matched and mismatched disturbances
Authors: Liu Pengcheng , Yu Hongnian , Cang Shuang
Published: October 2019

This paper studies neural network-based tracking control of underactuated systems with unknown parameters and with matched and mismatched disturbances. Novel adaptive control schemes are proposed with the utilization of multi-layer neural networks, adaptive control and variable structure strategies to cope with the uncertainties containing approximation errors, unknown base parameters and time-varying matched and mismatched external disturbances. Novel auxiliary control variables are designed to establish the controllability of the non-collocated subset of the underactuated systems. The approximation errors and the matched and mismatched external disturbances are efficiently counteracted by appropriate design of robust compensators. Stability and convergence of the time-varying reference trajectory are shown in the sense of Lyapunov. The parameter updating laws for the designed control schemes are derived using the projection approach to reduce the tracking error as small as desired. Unknown dynamics of the non-collocated subset is approximated through neural networks within a local region. Finally, simulation studies on an underactuated manipulator and an underactuated vibro-driven system are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.
Double pituitary adenomas in a large surgical series
Authors: Zieliński Grzegorz , Sajjad Emir Ahmed , Maksymowicz Maria , Pękul Monika , Koziarski Andrzej
Published: October 2019

Purpose

To explore the incidence of double pituitary adenomas in a tertiary center for pituitary surgery and asses their clinical, imaging and histopathological features.

Methods

The medical records of the patients operated on for pituitary tumors at the Department of Neurosurgery of Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Poland between the years 2003 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 3270 treated patients, the diagnosis of double pituitary adenoma was established in 22 patients. Clinical, laboratory, detailed histopathological and diagnostics imaging data were collected and analyzed.

Results

There were 21 cases of synchronous and one case of asynchronous double pituitary adenoma. The main clinical finding was acromegaly (12/22) followed by Cushing’s disease (3/22). The diagnosis of synchronous double pituitary adenoma was suspected in the preoperative MRI in 11 patients. In the remaining patients the diagnosis of contiguous double pituitary adenoma was confirmed in the histopathological examination. There was no predilection for gender and the mean observation time was 74.2 months. In one case of Cushing’s disease the occurrence of double pituitary adenoma led to the initial failure of achieving hormonal remission. One patient presented with double pituitary adenomas as a manifestation of Carney complex.

Conclusions

Double pituitary adenoma is a rare entity that can pose a significant challenge especially in the setting of Cushing’s disease. Careful inspection of preoperative MRI and diagnostic work-up before transsphenoidal surgery and thorough histopathological microscopic examinations with immunohistochemical staining for all pituitary hormones is essential for establishing the diagnosis of double pituitary adenoma.
Oxidative status in Medicago truncatula Gaertn. non-embryogenic and embryogenic tissues with particular reference to somatic embryogenesis
Authors: Orłowska Anna , Kępczyńska Ewa
Published: October 2019

Abiotic stress conditions (e.g., wounding, sterilization) are often together with plant growth regulators (e.g., 2,4-d), considered as one of the most important factors initiating plant somatic embryogenesis (SE). The first goal of this work was to answer whether leaf explants of the Medicago truncatula non-embryogenic (M9) line and its embryogenic variant (M9-10a) respond equally to mechanical and chemical stress by analyzing ROS (reactive oxygen species, e.g., O2•−, H2O2) localization, ROS scavenging enzyme activity and expression of genes encoding these enzymes. In explants of both lines, the stress response induced by wounding and chemical sterilization and the defense reaction during the 1st week of callus growth was similar. These defense mechanisms first involve an increase in SOD and CAT activity, later APX. 2,4-d, present at a low concentration (0.5 µM) during the induction phase (IP), is necessary for embryogenic callus formation and, consequently, for embryo development. This herbicide in higher concentrations causes an increase in O2•− accumulation and in antioxidant enzyme activity; however, it does not block the formation of callus and somatic embryos, though it disturbs these processes. Moreover, inhibition or blocking studied processes by DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase responsible for the production of O2•− and also lowering the expression of genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes leading to change in their activities, clearly indicate that a certain level of ROS is necessary to induce SE.
End-to-End Learning of Decision Trees and Forests
Authors: Hehn Thomas M. , Kooij Julian F. P. , Hamprecht Fred A.
Published: October 2019

Conventional decision trees have a number of favorable properties, including a small computational footprint, interpretability, and the ability to learn from little training data. However, they lack a key quality that has helped fuel the deep learning revolution: that of being end-to-end trainable. Kontschieder et al. (ICCV, 2015) have addressed this deficit, but at the cost of losing a main attractive trait of decision trees: the fact that each sample is routed along a small subset of tree nodes only. We here present an end-to-end learning scheme for deterministic decision trees and decision forests. Thanks to a new model and expectation–maximization training scheme, the trees are fully probabilistic at train time, but after an annealing process become deterministic at test time. In experiments we explore the effect of annealing visually and quantitatively, and find that our method performs on par or superior to standard learning algorithms for oblique decision trees and forests. We further demonstrate on image datasets that our approach can learn more complex split functions than common oblique ones, and facilitates interpretability through spatial regularization.
On Langmuir circulation in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 resonance
Authors: Cui L. , Phillips W. R. C.
Published: October 2019

This paper is concerned with the nonlinear dynamics of spanwise periodic longitudinal vortex modes (Langmuir circulation (LC)) that arise through the instability of two-dimensional periodic flows (waves) in a non-stratified uniformly sheared layer of finite depth. Of particular interest is the excitation of the vortex modes either in the absence of interaction or in resonance, as described by nonlinear amplitude equations built upon the mean field Craik–Leibovich (CL) equations. Since Y-junctions in the surface footprints of Langmuir circulation indicate sporadic increases (doubling) in spacing as they evolve to the scale of sports stadiums, interest is focused on bifurcations that instigate such changes. To that end, surface patterns arising from the linear and nonlinear excitation of the vortex modes are explored, subject to two parameters: a Rayleigh number ${\mathcal{R}}$ present in the CL equations and a symmetry breaking parameter $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ in the mixed free surface boundary conditions that relax to those at the layer bottom where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}=0$. Looking first to linear instability, it is found as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ increases from zero to unity, that the neutral curves evolve from asymmetric near onset to almost symmetric. The nonlinear dynamics of single modes is then studied via an amplitude equation of Ginzburg–Landau type. While typically of cubic order when the bifurcation is supercritical (as it is here) and the neutral curves are parabolic, the Ginzburg–Landau equation must instead here be of quartic order to recover the asymmetry in the neutral curves. This equation is then subjected to an Eckhaus instability analysis, which indicates that linearly unstable subharmonics mostly reside outside the Eckhaus boundary, thereby excluding them as candidates for excitation. The surface pattern is then largely unchanged from its linear counterpart, although the character of the pattern does change when $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}\ll 1$ as a result of symmetry breaking. Attention is then turned to strong resonance between the least stable linear mode and a sub-harmonic of it, as described by coupled nonlinear amplitude equations of Stuart-Landau type. Both 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 resonant interactions are considered. Phase plots and bifurcation diagrams are employed to reveal classes of solution that can occur. Dominant over much of the ${\mathcal{R}}$-$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ range considered are non-travelling pure- and mixed-mode equilibrium solutions that act singly or together. To wit, pure modes solutions alone act to realise windrows with spacings in accord with linear theory, while bistability can realise Y-junctions and, depending upon initial conditions, double or even triple the dominant spacing of LC.
(t, ℓ)-STABILITY AND COHERENT SYSTEMS
Authors: BRAMBILA-PAZ L. , MATA-GUTIÉRREZ O.
Published: October 2019

Let X be a non-singular irreducible complex projective curve of genus g ≥ 2. The concept of stability of coherent systems over X depends on a positive real parameter α, given then a (finite) family of moduli spaces of coherent systems. We use (t, ℓ)-stability to prove the existence of coherent systems over X that are α-stable for all allowed α > 0.
Functional morphology of the membranous lobe within the preoral cavity of Thenus orientalis (Crustacea: Scyllaridae)
Authors: Johnston D.J.
Published: October 2019

The membranous lobe of Thenus orientalis (Lund) is a broad fleshy protuberance arising midventrally from the sternal skeleton between the second maxillipeds. Its position, morphology and structure are described and its association with the metastome of other crustaceans discussed. Several roles during ingestion can be postulated. The lobe extends anteriorly towards the mandibles and forms the roof of the preoral cavity and posterior boundary of the mouth. It has a flattened strengthening rod extending the width of the aboral surface, which is covered by three types of anteriorly-directed annulate setae and densely arranged clusters of microscales and microspines. Histologically it is characterized by large amounts of longitudinal and circular striated muscle and tegumental glands beneath the oral surface. These glands secrete sulphated acidic mucopolysaccharides which lubricate food during ingestion. Spherical cells are dispersed throughout the connective tissue beneath the aboral surface. These are characterized by a granular homogeneous cytoplasm, a peripheral cell nucleus and few organelles. Their contents stain positively for protein and neutral mucopolysaccharides and their role is most likely storage of these compounds, although the significance of this is not known. During ingestion, food is passed over the lobe surface and its anterior lip retracts ventro-posteriorly, dilating the preoral cavity to allow quick and efficient swallowing of large food items.
Landscape analysis of health technology assessment (HTA): systems and practices in Asia
Authors: Teerawattananon Yot , Rattanavipapong Waranya , Lin Lydia Wenxin , Dabak Saudamini Vishwanath , Gibbons Brent , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Toh Kai Yee , Cher Boon Piang , Pearce Fiona , Bayani Diana Beatriz S. , Nakamura Ryota , Pwu Raoh-Fang , Shafie Asrul Akmal , Adhikari Deepika , Prinja Shankar , Babidge Wendy
Published: October 2019

This paper explores the characteristics of health technology assessment (HTA) systems and practices in Asia. Representatives from nine countries were surveyed to understand each step of the HTA pathway. The analysis finds that although there are similarities in the processes of HTA and its application to inform decision making, there is variation in the number of topics assessed and the stakeholders involved in each step of the process. There is limited availability of resources and technical capacity and countries adopt different means to overcome these challenges by accepting industry submissions or adapting findings from other regions. Inclusion of stakeholders in the process of selecting topics, generating evidence, and making funding recommendations is critical to ensure relevance of HTA to country priorities. Lessons from this analysis may be instructive to other countries implementing HTA processes and inform future research on the feasibility of implementing a harmonized HTA system in the region.
Minimizing the number of 5-cycles in graphs with given edge-density
Authors: Bennett Patrick , Dudek Andrzej , Lidický Bernard , Pikhurko Oleg
Published: October 2019

Motivated by the work of Razborov about the minimal density of triangles in graphs we study the minimal density of the 5-cycle C5. We show that every graph of order n and size $ (1 - 1/k) \left( {\matrix{n \cr 2 }} \right) $, where k ≥ 3 is an integer, contains at least
$$({1 \over {10}} - {1 \over {2k}} + {1 \over {{k^2}}} - {1 \over {{k^3}}} + {2 \over {5{k^4}}}){n^5} + o({n^5})$$
copies of C5. This bound is optimal, since a matching upper bound is given by the balanced complete k-partite graph. The proof is based on the flag algebras framework. We also provide a stability result. An SDP solver is not necessary to verify our proofs.
PERFECT TRIANGLES ON THE CURVE
Authors: ISMAIL SHAHRINA
Published: October 2019

A Heron triangle is a triangle that has three rational sides $(a,b,c)$ and a rational area, whereas a perfect triangle is a Heron triangle that has three rational medians $(k,l,m)$. Finding a perfect triangle was stated as an open problem by Richard Guy [Unsolved Problems in Number Theory (Springer, New York, 1981)]. Heron triangles with two rational medians are parametrized by the eight curves $C_{1},\ldots ,C_{8}$ mentioned in Buchholz and Rathbun [‘An infinite set of heron triangles with two rational medians’, Amer. Math. Monthly 104(2) (1997), 106–115; ‘Heron triangles and elliptic curves’, Bull. Aust. Math.Soc. 58 (1998), 411–421] and Bácskái et al. [Symmetries of triangles with two rational medians, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.65.6533, 2003]. In this paper, we reveal results on the curve $C_{4}$ which has the property of satisfying conditions such that six of seven parameters given by three sides, two medians and area are rational. Our aim is to perform an extensive search to prove the nonexistence of a perfect triangle arising from this curve.
Coverage and drift potential associated with nozzle and speed selection for herbicide applications using an unmanned aerial sprayer
Authors: Hunter Joseph E. , Gannon Travis W. , Richardson Robert J. , Yelverton Fred H. , Leon Ramon G.
Published: October 2019

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has expanded to include UAV sprayers capable of applying pesticides. Very little research has been conducted to optimize application parameters and measure the potential of off-target movement from UAV-based pesticide applications. Field experiments were conducted in Raleigh, NC during spring 2018 to characterize the effect of different application speeds and nozzle types on target area coverage and uniformity of UAV applications. The highest coverage was achieved with an application speed of 1 m s−1 and ranged from 30% to 60%, whereas applications at 7 m s−1 yielded 13% to 22% coverage. Coverage consistently decreased as application speed increased across all nozzles, with extended-range flat-spray nozzles declining at a faster rate than air-induction nozzles, likely due to higher drift. Experiments measuring the drift potential of UAV-applied pesticides using extended-range flat spray, air-induction flat-spray, turbo air–induction flat-spray, and hollow-cone nozzles under 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9 m s−1 perpendicular wind conditions in the immediate 1.75 m above the target were conducted in the absence of natural wind. Off-target movement was observed under all perpendicular wind conditions with all nozzles tested but was nondetectable beyond 5 m away from the target. Coverage from all nozzles exhibited a concave-shaped curve in response to the increasing perpendicular wind speed due to turbulence. The maximum target coverage in drift studies was observed when the perpendicular wind was 0 and 8.94 m s−1, but higher turbulence at the two highest perpendicular wind speeds (6.71 and 8.94 m s−1) increased coverage variability, whereas the lowest variability was observed at 2.24 m s−1 wind speed. Results suggested that air-induction flat-spray and turbo air–induction flat-spray nozzles and an application speed of 3 m s−1 provided an adequate coverage of target areas while minimizing off-target movement risk.
Extending the Study of Gelotophobia, Gelotophilia, and Katagelasticism in Romantic Life Toward Romantic Attachment
Authors: Brauer Kay , Proyer René T. , Ruch Willibald
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (joy in being laughed at), and katagelasticism (joy in laughing at others) describe individual differences in how people deal with ridicule and being laughed at. We study their association with romantic attachment styles and romantic outcomes in adults. Study 1 ( N = 247) shows that gelotophobia goes along with higher expressions in attachment anxiety and avoidance. This study also provides support for the notion that gelotophobes demonstrate a lower likelihood of entering romantic relationships (odds ratio = 0.62/0.64 for past/current relationship status). Gelotophilia goes along with lower avoidance and katagelasticism exists independently from romantic attachment. Study 2 replicates the findings in 154 heterosexual romantic couples using Actor–Partner Interdependence Model analyses. However, katagelasticism was related to greater attachment anxiety in this sample of couples. A mini-meta analysis using data from both studies ( N = 555) clarified this association and showed that the joy in laughing at others yields a small positive association with attachment anxiety. Further, attachment styles mediate associations between the dispositions and relationship satisfaction in the couples. Overall, the dispositions are distinctively related with romantic attachment styles and our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of dealing with ridicule and laughter in romantic life.
Resilient Peatlands Keep Carbon Bogged Down
Authors: Poppick Laura
Published: October 2019

Boreal peatlands contain some of the world’s largest reservoirs of soil carbon, and new research suggests some peatlands may hold on to that carbon even as the climate changes.
HUNK phosphorylates EGFR to regulate breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Williams Carly B. , Phelps-Polirer Kendall , Dingle Ivan P. , Williams Christina J. , Rhett Matthew J. , Eblen Scott T. , Armeson Kent , Hill Elizabeth G. , Yeh Elizabeth S.
Published: October 2019

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is commonly over-expressed in metastatic breast cancer yet metastatic breast cancer is generally resistant to anti-EGFR therapies, and the mechanism for resistance to EGFR inhibitors in this setting is not fully understood. Hormonally up-regulated neu-associated kinase (HUNK) kinase is up-regulated in aggressive breast cancers and is thought to play a role in breast cancer metastasis. However, no studies have been conducted to examine a relationship between EGFR and HUNK in breast cancer metastasis. We performed a kinase substrate screen and identified that EGFR is phosphorylated by HUNK. Our studies show that HUNK phosphorylates EGFR at T654, enhancing receptor stability and downstream signaling. We found that increased phosphorylation of T654 EGFR correlates with increased epithelial to mesenchymal, migration and invasion, and metastasis. In addition, we found that HUNK expression correlates with overall survival and distant metastasis free survival. This study shows that HUNK directly phosphorylates EGFR at T654 to promote metastasis and is the first study to show that the phosphorylation of this site in EGFR regulates metastasis.
Morphological Transformation between Flat and Tube Structures by Coordinated Motions of Soft Pneumatic Microactuators
Authors: Konishi Satoshi , Oya Fumitaka
Published: October 2019

Microactuators are the most distinctive and challenging microdevices among micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) relative to microsensors or electronic circuits. Soft and flexible microactuators have been achieved by introducing polymers as structural materials in addition to conventional materials. Expanding the application of MEMS to the biomedical field requires particular features, such as softness and small devices. It is important to address small and fragile biological objects while satisfying the demand for minimally invasive medicine. Both MEMS and biomedical applications require three-dimensional microstructures for higher-order functions. In general, microactuators are limited to simple motions such as bending. Our group has developed an openable artificial small intestinal tract system. An array of pneumatic balloon actuators (PBAs) transforms a flat structure into a tube structure representing the small intestine. Coordination of the bending motions of the PBAs enables the formation of a three-dimensional tube structure. Each PBA is 400 μm × 1800 μm × 100 μm. The diameter of the tube structure is 1 mm. Additional higher-order functions of the artificial small intestine, such as peristaltic motion, are currently of interest for us. This paper describes the morphological transformation of a soft microstructure and further potential possibilities of coordinated motions of soft microactuators.
Expression pattern of androgen receptors, AR-V7 and AR-567es, in circulating tumor cells and paired plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Strati Areti , Zavridou Martha , Bournakis Evangelos , Mastoraki Sophia , Lianidou Evi
Published: October 2019

Androgen-receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) is a highly promising liquid biopsy predictive biomarker showing primary or acquired resistance to novel androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
A hairpin DNA-fueled nanoflare for simultaneous illumination of two microRNAs in drug-induced nephrotoxic cells with target catalytic recycling amplification
Authors: Gao Han , Li Jiwei , Jia Yuran , Yu Xie-an , Qi Jin , Tian Jiangwei , Yu Bo-Yang
Published: October 2019

A hairpin DNA-fueled nanoflare for the simultaneous and sensitive detection of two drug-induced nephrotoxicity-related miRNAs with target catalytic recycling amplification.
Revisiting the water sorption isotherm of MOF using electrical measurements
Authors: Nandi Shyamapada , Aggarwal Himanshu , Wahiduzzaman Mohammad , Belmabkhout Youssef , Maurin Guillaume , Eddaoudi Mohamed , Devautour-Vinot Sabine
Published: October 2019

Adsorption/desorption isotherms of Cr-soc-MOF-1.
Thermodynamics, crystal structure, and characterization of a bio-based nylon 54 monomer
Authors: Yang Pengpeng , Li Xiaojie , Liu Haodong , Li Zihan , Liu Jun , Zhuang Wei , Wu Jinglan , Ying Hanjie
Published: October 2019

We investigated the crystallization of bio-nylon 54 monomer salt in terms of the solid–liquid equilibrium, crystal structure, thermal behaviors and crystallization mode.
Local dynamics in LiCl–CsCl–D2O water-in-salt solutions according to NMR relaxation
Authors: Baranauskaite Valeriia , Pestova Olga , Vovk Mikhail , Matveev Vladimir , Lähderanta Erkki
Published: October 2019

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the local structure and dynamics in ‘water-in-salt’ solutions, namely the ternary concentrated LiCl–CsCl–D2O electrolytes.
Dramatic magnetic phase designing in phosphorene
Authors: Nair A. K. , Kumari P. , Kamalakar M. Venkata , Ray S. J.
Published: October 2019

Phosphorene is a unique two-dimensional semiconductor that has huge potential for nanoelectronic and spintronic applications. In the presence of various 3d block elements, remarkable feasibility of ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism up to a large temperature ∼1150 K was observed.
A zinc-based oxysulfide photocatalyst SrZn2S2O capable of reducing and oxidizing water
Authors: Nishioka Shunta , Kanazawa Tomoki , Shibata Kengo , Tsujimoto Yoshihiro , zur Loye Hans-Conrad , Maeda Kazuhiko
Published: October 2019

Even though Zn-based binary semiconductors, such as ZnO and ZnS, are unstable for water oxidation, the oxysulfide SrZn2S2O is an active photocatalyst for both water oxidation and water reduction.
Selective hydrogenolysis of 2-furancarboxylic acid to 5-hydroxyvaleric acid derivatives over supported platinum catalysts
Authors: Asano Takehiro , Takagi Hiroshi , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Tamura Masazumi , Tomishige Keiichi
Published: October 2019

Pt catalysts, especially supported on Al2O3, are effective for hydrogenolysis of 2-furancarboxylic acid to 5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-HVA) and its derivatives (ester and δ-valerolactone), and the highest yield of 5-HVA derivatives was 62%.
Phenothiazine and amide-ornamented dihydropyridinesviaa molecular hybridization approach: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies
Authors: Sivaramakarthikeyan Ramar , Iniyaval Shunmugam , Padmavathy Krishnaraj , Liew Hui-Shan , Looi Chin-King , Mai Chun-Wai , Ramalingan Chennan
Published: October 2019

A series of novel phenothiazinyldihydropyridine dicarboxamides7a–7jwas synthesized by adopting a multi-step synthetic strategy and characterized through physical and spectral techniques.
Cannabis sativa-derived carbon dots co-doped with N–S: highly efficient nanosensors for temperature and vitamin B12
Authors: Tiwari Pranav , Kaur Navpreet , Sharma Vinay , Kang Hyeonggon , Uddin Jamal , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: October 2019

Cannabis sativa-derived carbon dots as efficient nanosensors for temperature and vitamin B12.
Ti functionalized hierarchical-pore UiO-66(Zr/Ti) catalyst for the transesterification of phenyl acetate and dimethyl carbonate
Authors: Jia Bingying , Wu Miaojiang , Zhang Hua , Zeng Yi , Wang Gongying
Published: October 2019

Uniformly distributed tetra-coordinated TiIV active sites grafted on hierarchical-pore UiO-66(Zr/Ti) as an efficient catalyst for synthesizing diphenyl carbonate.
Theoretical study of the substrate and molecular density effects on molecular self-assembly
Authors: Qin Yuan , Yang Yingying , Wang Yuelin , Wang Xudong , Yao Man
Published: October 2019

This work is aiming at theoretically exploring the substrate and molecular density effects on molecular self-assembly.
Beam-deconvolved Planck LFI maps
Authors: Keihänen E. , Lindholm V. , Lopez-Caniego M. , Maris M. , Reinecke M. , Sandri M. , Suur-Uski A.-S.
Published: October 2019

The Planck Collaboration made its final data release in 2018. In this paper we describe beam-deconvolution map products made from Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) data using the artDeco deconvolution code to symmetrize the effective beam. The deconvolution results are auxiliary data products, available through the Planck Legacy Archive. Analysis of these deconvolved survey difference maps reveals signs of residual signal in the 30 GHz and 44 GHz frequency channels. We produce low-resolution maps and corresponding noise covariance matrices (NCVMs). The NCVMs agree reasonably well with the half-ring noise estimates except for 44 GHz, where we observe an asymmetry between EE and BB noise spectra, possibly a sign of further unresolved systematic error. In contrast to the official Planck LFI maps, the beam-deconvolution maps have not been corrected for bandpass mismatch, and the residual noise is not well approximated by white noise.
Der Atlas und die Kopfgelenke
Authors: Köln Magga Corts
Published: October 2019

Der erste Halswirbel (Atlas) ist gelenkig mit dem oberen und unteren Kopfgelenk verbunden. Störungen in dieser Region, zum Beispiel durch Wirbelblockaden, können für zahlreiche Beschwerden ursächlich sein.
50 Jahre Minimal-invasive Chirurgie in der Urologie
Authors: Rassweiler Jens J. , Serdar Goezen Ali , Klein Jan , Rassweiler-Seyfried Marie-Claire
Published: October 2019

Die Entwicklung der Minimal-invasiven Chirurgie (MIC) in der Urologie umfasst die Teilbereiche transurethrale Techniken, Endourologie und Extrakorporale Stosswellenlithotripsie, Uroradiologie sowie Laparoskopie und Robotische Chirurgie. Basierend auf persönlichen Erfahrungen mit der Entwicklung minimal-invasiver Verfahren seit Ende der 70iger Jahren präsentieren wir eine historische Analyse der Literatur mit dem Ziel, die wesentlichen Meilensteine der Minimal-Invasiven Therapie in der Urologie herauszuarbeiten.

Motor der rasanten Entwicklung der MIC in der Urologie war die Einführung der digitalen Videotechnologie, Lasertechnologie, Fortschritte der Elektrochirurgie begleitet von den Glanzleistungen vor allem Deutscher Technologiefirmen mit zunehmender Miniaturisierung des Instrumentariums. Bedeutsam war auch die gute Kooperation zwischen Urologen, Ingenieuren und Radiologen.

Die Laparoskopie wird trotz zahlreicher Weiterentwicklungen (3D-Prismentechnolgie, ETHOS-chair) zunehmend von der Robotik ersetzt. Auf Grund der auslaufendenden Patenten von Intuitive Surgical existiert seit diesem Jahr eine Konkurrenzsituation mit neuen Herstellern von Operationsrobotern. Allerdings müssen diese erst belegen, ob sie den hohen Qualitätsstandard der aktuellen Da Vinci-serie bieten können. Robotersysteme für die Endourologie werden zukünftig eine Rolle spielen, wie Avicenna RoboflexR für die flexible Ureteroskopie und AquaBeamR- für die roboter-assistierte Aquaablation der Prostata. Während RoboflexR ähnlich dem Da Vinci-system die Ergonomie des Eingriffes erleichtert, ersetzt die robotergestützte Aquablation erstmals den Operateur.
Die Wirkung von kurzen oberkörperspezifischen Bewegungs- und Trainingsinterventionen am Arbeitsplatz auf die Parameter Schmerz und Kraft
Authors: Dößereck Nils , Friese Max , Liebscher Robert , Lachtermann Ella , Dreher Matthias
Published: October 2019

Das systematische Review untersucht die Auswirkungen von oberkörperspezifischen Kurzinterventionen am Arbeitsplatz auf muskuloskelettale Schmerzen sowie den muskulären Kraftzuwachs.

Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubMed und Google Scholar durchgeführt; eingeschlossen wurden ausschließlich randomisierte kontrollierte Studien. Als Interventionsdauer wurden mindestens 4 Wochen definiert und eine Einheit sollte zwischen 10 und 20 Minuten bei einem maximalen Wochenumfang von 75 Minuten betragen. Insgesamt wurden 16 Studien – unterteilt in 11 Cluster – eingeschlossen, welche die Auswirkungen von Kurzinterventionen auf die Variablen Kraft und Schmerz beschreiben. Alle neun Cluster die den Schmerz als Parameter beinhalten, beschreiben eine schmerzreduzierende Wirkung durch Bewegung und Training in mindestens einer der berücksichtigten Körperregionen. Ebenso wurde in neun der zehn Cluster, die den Parameter Stärke betrachteten, eine Kraftzunahme beschrieben. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass selbst kurze Bewegungs- und Trainingsinterventionen einen positiven Effekt auf die untersuchten Parameter haben. Jedoch weisen die Studien eine große Heterogenität auf, sodass weitere Forschungsvorhaben notwendig sind.
Die Änderungen der Bedarfsplanungsrichtlinie und ihre Bedeutung für die Rheumatologie
Authors: Pittrof Ute
Published: October 2019

Am 01.07.2019 ist die „Richtlinie über die Bedarfsplanung sowie die Maßstäbe zur Feststellung von Überversorgung und Unterversorgung in der vertragsärztlichen Versorgung“ (BPl-RL n. F.) in Kraft getreten. Sie definiert in § 8 erstmals die Ermittlung und Anpassung der jeweils bedeutsamen Verhältniszahlen für die unterschiedlichen Arztgruppen. Neu ist auch die Anpassung der Verhältniszahlen unter Berücksichtigung der Morbiditätsstruktur auf der Grundlage eines „zellenbasierten“ Ansatzes (§ 9 Abs. 4 bis 7 BPl-RL n.F). Die Modifikation der Basisverhältniszahl durch den Morbiditätsfaktor führt zur Erhöhung der Allgemeinen Verhältniszahl für Fachinternisten (§ 13 Abs. 4 BPl-RL n.F.). Sie liegt nun bei 14 437 Einwohner je Arzt, während sie bisher bei 21 508 Einwohner je Arzt lag. Um die Niederlassung von Rheumatologen zu fördern, wird in Zukunft ein Versorgungsanteil von 8 % der regionalen Verhältniszahlen der Fachinternisten diesen vorbehalten bleiben (§ 13 Abs. 6 Nr. 1 BPL-RL n. F.). Außerdem werden die Nachbesetzungsmöglichkeiten der übrigen Fachinternistengruppen durch „Maximalquoten“ für einzelne Gruppen beschränkt. Einzelheiten sind offen.
Praxiskauf im Lichte der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) – Rechtskonforme Übertragung von Patientendaten
Authors: Reimer Felix
Published: October 2019

Die DSGVO hat keine wesentlichen Erschwernisse für geordnete Praxisübergaben und der in diesem Zuge notwendigen Veräußerung und Übertragung von Patientendaten geschaffen. Ein gesetzlich vorgeschriebener Modus zur Einholung der erforderlichen Patienteneinwilligungen existiert auch im neuen Datenschutzrecht nach Inkrafttreten der DSGVO nicht. In Praxiskaufverträgen ist die datenschutzrechtskonforme Übereignung von Patientendaten auch weiterhin zweckmäßig in Anlehnung an das „Zwei-Schränke-Modell“ zu regeln. Es ist von den Vertragsparteien sicherzustellen, dass die vertraglichen Regelungen im Vollzug auch tatsächlich umgesetzt werden. Hierfür ist eine rechtzeitige Abstimmung mit dem Praxissoftware-Unternehmen des Abgebers zu empfehlen, dem das Thema „Praxisübergabe“ regelmäßig bekannt ist. Im Zuge der Datenübertragung auf den Übernehmer kommt es zu einer sogenannten Auftragsverarbeitung des Übernehmers für den Übergeber, die vertraglich zu regeln ist. Aktuell wird in Veröffentlichungen eine gesonderte Auftragsverarbeitungsvereinbarung neben dem schriftlichen Praxiskaufvertrag empfohlen (vgl. z. B. [1]), die zweckmäßig sein kann, aber nicht gesetzlich zwingend vorgeschrieben ist.
Mit Lehm heilen
Authors: Menschel Matthias
Published: October 2019

Die Therapie nach Emanuel Felke umfasst Licht, frische Luft, Wasser und Lehm. In den Sommermonaten finden die Therapien hauptsächlich im Freien statt. Lehm kann durch seine physikalisch-chemischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften bei Indikationen von Arthrose bis zu vegetativen Störungen Symptome lindern. Die Lehmtherapie kann individuell angepasst als Halbbad, Lehmtretbad, Lehmhandbad, lokal angewendete Lehmpackung und Lehm-Serailbad stattfinden.
Stille Begleiter
Authors: Gundacker Stefanie
Published: October 2019

Überhöhte Konzentrationen gelöster Substanzen oder Abflusshindernisse führen im Körper zur Steinbildung, am häufigsten in Form von Gallen- und Nierensteinen. Steine können über längere Zeit symptomlos bleiben, führen jedoch zu plötzlichen und heftigen Beschwerden, wenn sie Ausführgänge oder andere flüssigkeitsführende Gefäße verlegen. Im akuten Fall müssen die Ursachen ärztlich abgeklärt und die Steine eventuell chirurgisch entfernt werden, ansonsten stehen naturheilkundliche Therapien wie entkrampfende oder durchspülende Tees zur Verfügung.
Morphological Differences between the First and Second Permanent Upper Molars
Authors: Genaro Luis Eduardo , Ferreira Gabriely , Conte Marcelo Brito , Gonçalves Marcela de Almeida , Capote Ticiana Sidorenko Oliveira
Published: October 2019

The dental elements present similar and specific anatomical features, depending on the functions they have in the oral cavity. The permanent molars are the most complex structures, mainly the occlusal face, due to their function of food grinding. The aim of the present article is to present the upper first and second molars morphology, emphasizing the similarities and differences between them. Besides, the upper first and second molars of the collection of the Department of Morphology of Universidade Estadual de Paulista (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, were evaluated regarding the presence of the oblique ridge, frequency and classification of the molar tubercle, and the crown morphology (upper second molars). In the 372 evaluated upper first molars, the molar tubercle was absent in most of the teeth. When present, the molar tubercle belonged to the mesiolingual cusp; 8.9% were classified as type I; 9.1% as type II; and 9.4% as type III. The oblique ridge was present in all upper first molars. The morphology of 401 upper second molars was also evaluated; 64.83% were tetracuspid; 35.16% tricuspid; and 17.02% presented compression morphology. In 100 tricuspid teeth, 50% presented oblique ridge, with it being prominent in 30%. No upper second molars presented molar tubercle. Although there are similarities between the upper first and second molars, we must always be aware of the features that differ between them, so their functionality can be restored.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intact Cord Milking versus Immediate Cord Clamping in Term Infants Born by Elective Cesarean Section
Authors: Zanardo Vincenzo , Guerrini Pietro , Severino Lorenzo , Simbi Alphonse , Parotto Matteo , Straface Gianluca
Published: October 2019

Objective We evaluated whether intact umbilical cord milking (UCM) is more effective than immediate cord clamping (ICC) in enhancing placental transfusion after elective cesarean delivery.

Study Design In a randomized trial, volume of placental transfusion was assessed by Δ hematocrit (Hct) between neonatal cord blood and capillary heel blood at 48 hours of age, corrected for the change in body weight.

Results There were no significant differences in cord blood mean Hct values at birth (UCM, 44.5 ± 4.8 vs. ICC, 44.9 ± 4.2%, p = 0.74). Conversely, at 48 hours of age, the UCM group had significantly higher capillary heel Hct values (UCM, 53.7 ± 5.9 vs. ICC, 49.8 ± 4.6%, p < 0.001), supporting a higher placental transfusion volume (Δ Hct, UCM 9.2 ± 5.2 vs. ICC 4.8 ± 4.7, p < 0.001), despite comparable neonatal body weight decrease (UCM, −7.3 vs. ICC, −6.8%, p = 0.77).

Conclusion Higher Δ Hct between cord blood at birth and capillary heel blood at 48 hours of age, corrected for the change in body weight, suggests that intact UCM is an efficacious and safe procedure to enhance placental transfusion among neonates born via elective cesarean delivery.

Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03668782.
Surgical Management of Esophageal Achalasia in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Goneidy Ayman , Cory-Wright James , Zhu Limeng , Malakounides Georgina
Published: October 2019

Introduction There are no evidence-based guidelines on the surgical management of esophageal achalasia (OA) in children. This can be a challenging condition with significant physical and psychological morbidity. Our aim was to identify the most common management modalities and their outcomes.

Materials and Methods A systematic review was performed through a literature search of health care databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aiming at identifying pediatric series discussing the diagnosis and management of OA. Duplicates, case series with < 9 patients, and follow-up of < 1 year were excluded. The included papers were analyzed for diagnostic methods, primary treatment method, complications, follow-up duration, outcome measures recorded, and outcome.

Results Data from 33 papers for 742 children treated for OA was analyzed. Eleven mentioned multiple management modalities. In summary, 25 described Heller's esophagomyotomy (HM), 13 esophageal dilatation (EOD), and 6 peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM). Mean follow-up was 43.7 months (12–180). Outcome measures were heterogeneous. However, analysis of reported success showed a mean success of 78% for HM (p = 1.79 × 10–7), 44.9% for EOD (p = 0.24), and 99.3% for POEM (p = 0.001). Reported complications were 12.8% for HM, 5% for EOD, and 24.4% for POEM. Further interventions were required for 10.9% of HM, 62.3% of EOD, and 0.01% of POEM patient groups.

Conclusion Methods of diagnosis and measures of successful outcomes were heterogeneous, limiting the strength of evidence. HM showed superior short-term success rates to EOD. POEM is a promising modality but requires investment in equipment and training. Information about sustainability of response and long-term outcomes is lacking.
Studie zum krankenhauscontrolling: Außer Kontrolle?
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: October 2019

Alle reden über Pflegepersonaluntergrenzen, doch die Controller in vielen Kliniken stehen offenbar noch vor einem gefährlichen Problem: Es fehlen die Instrumente, um den Einsatz von Pflegekräften zu steuern. Die Häuser stecken noch in der Anpassungsphase, mahnen die Macher einer Controlling-Studie.
BSG-URTEIL: Moderne Frühchenversorgung wird nicht honoriert
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: October 2019

Das Bundessozialgericht (BSG) hat in zwei Fällen entschieden: Die nicht-invasive Beatmung von Frühgeborenen mittels HFNC-Therapie darf nicht – wie die maschinelle Beatmung – abgerechnet werden. Die Deutsche Krankenhausgesellschaft (DKG) kritisiert diese Entscheidung scharf.
Cyberkriminalität: Bedrohungslage unverändert
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: October 2019

Gesundheitseinrichtungen stehen nach wie vor im Visier von Cyberkriminellen. Angriffsversuche zu vereiteln, gehört für viele Kliniken mittlerweile zum Tagesgeschäft.
Patientenzufriedenheit steigern: Was Kliniken von Luxushotels lernen konnen
Authors: Appelt Ralf
Published: October 2019

Ein Blick auf gängige Klinik-Bewertungsportale zeigt: Es sind vor allem die Aspekte „Atmosphäre und Betreuung“, die in der Patientenmeinung schlecht wegkommen. Eine andere Branche macht vor, wie es besser funktionieren könnte: die Hotellerie.
WGKT meets industrie: Erfahrungsaustausch und Networking auf der Medica 2019
Authors: Kratzenberg Stefan
Published: October 2019

Auch in diesem Jahr wird sich anlässlich der Medica vom 18. bis 21. November in Düsseldorf der Industriekreis der WGKT auf dem Philips-Stand (Halle 9, Stand E33) zum Erfahrungsaustausch treffen.
Sprechstunde in der Pr-Ambulanz: Warum ist das Image unserer Klinik so schlecht?
Authors: Endele Kerstin
Published: October 2019

Kirsten Endele ist zur Hälfte Journalistin …
Transition levels of intrinsic defects in type-II InAs/InAs0.5Sb0.5 strained-layer superlattices
Authors: Miao Maosheng , Kioussis Nicholas , Grein Christoph H.
Published: October 2019

We report a first-principles study of the formation energies and transition energy levels of intrinsic point defects, including In and As vacancies, antisites, and interstitials, in the InAs and InAs0.5Sb0.5 regions of the type-II InAs/InAs0.5Sb0.5 strained-layer superlattices (SLSs). Both strain and the quantum confinement effects are thoroughly studied. The transition levels of the defects calculated from the strained bulk InAs and InAsSb are aligned to the band edge states of the SLS. The calculations reveal that both the strain and the change of the SLS band edges have significant effects on the transition levels and change in turn the role of these defects in the recombination of carriers through the Shockley-Read-Hall mechanism.
Maxwell duality and semiclassical analysis of the interaction of the magnetic quadrupole moment of a neutral particle with external fields
Authors: Vieira S. L. R. , Bakke K.
Published: October 2019

Based on the Maxwell duality, we consider nonuniform magnetic fields produced by nonuniform magnetic charge densities and nonuniform electric fields produced by uniform and nonuniform magnetic current densities. Then, we analyze the interaction of these fields with the magnetic quadrupole moment of a neutral particle from a semiclassical point of view by applying the Wentzel, Kramers, and Brillouin approximation.