bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental and theoretical study of catalytic dye degradation and bactericidal potential of multiple phase Bi and MoS2 doped SnO2 quantum dots
Authors: Habib Ayesha , Ikram Muhammad , Haider Ali , Ul-Hamid Anwar , Shahzadi Iram , Haider Junaid , Kanoun Mohammed Benali , Goumri-Said Souraya , Nabgan Walid
Published: April 2023

In the present study, different concentrations (1 and 3%) of Bi were incorporated into a fixed amount of molybdenum disulfide and SnO2 quantum dots by co-precipitation technique. This research aimed to increase the efficacy of dye degradation and bactericidal behavior of SnO2.
Modulation of chiral spectral deflection by van der Waals force-induced molecular electropolarization in catenane oligomers
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Lei , Wang Jingang
Published: April 2023

Molecular electrical polarization is induced by van der Waals forces to regulate the chiral optical deflection of alkane oligomers. The chirality of molecules is regulated by nesting different molecules to generate vdW interactions.
Introduction of chirality at C1 position of 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline by its enantioselective reduction: synthesis of chiral 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline – a review
Authors: Asif Md. Moaz Ahmed , Lisa Susmita Roy , Qais Nazmul
Published: April 2023

The chirality introduced at the C1 position of 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, obtained by four methods of enantioselective reduction of 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines, are vital for various biological activities.
Light-induced homolysis of copper(ii)-complexes – a perspective for photocatalysis
Authors: Reichle Alexander , Reiser Oliver
Published: April 2023

A new kid on the block: Cu(ii) offers unique possibilities in photocatalysis for generating and stabilizing radicals to promote challenging synthetic transformations.
Putting cyaphide in its place: determining the donor/acceptor properties of the κC-cyaphido ligand
Authors: Yang Eric S. , Combey Emma , Goicoechea Jose M.
Published: April 2023

The σ-donor and π-acceptor properties of the cyaphide ion (CP–) are compared to other well-established strong-field ligands allowing us to assess the relative position of this unique ion in the spectrochemical series.
Reactive etching of gallium oxide on eutectic gallium indium (eGaIn) with chlorosilane vapor to induce differential wetting
Authors: Hossain Kazi Zihan , Monwar Momena , Khan M. Rashed
Published: April 2023

We report three steps (patterning, silanizing, and rinsing) in achieving unconventional differential wetting. Chlorosilane vapor chemically etches Ga2O3 from pre-programmed 2D patterns of eGaIn under vacuum, yielding hydrophobic–hydrophilic regions once rinsed with DI water.
Ultrahigh conductivity and antifreezing zwitterionic sulfobetaine hydrogel electrolyte for low-temperature resistance flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Geliang , Yang Xinguo , Shu Honghao , Zhong Wenbin
Published: April 2023

Recently, ionic conductive hydrogels have been developed in the field of energy-storage devices owing to their unique properties, such as high ionic conductivity, mechanical flexibility, liquid-leakage-free operation, and stability.
A red-emitting thiophene-modified BODIPY probe for fluorescence lifetime-based polarity imaging of lipid droplets in living cells
Authors: Žvirblis Rokas , Maleckaitė Karolina , Dodonova-Vaitkūnienė Jelena , Jurgutis Džiugas , Žilėnaitė Rugilė , Karabanovas Vitalijus , Tumkevičius Sigitas , Vyšniauskas Aurimas
Published: April 2023

Thiophene-disubstituted, red fluorescent polarity probe distinguishes liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases in lipid droplets within living cells using FLIM.
Room temperature photochromism and photoinduced slow magnetic relaxation of cyanometallic supramolecular hybrid salts
Authors: Huang Guo-Zhang , Lu Peng-Xu , Zeng Meng-Meng , Deng Wei , Xie Kai-Ping , Wang Zhen-Xing , Liu Jun-Liang , Chen Yan-Cong , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: April 2023

A supramolecular photoinduced electron transfer system is constructed from terpyridinium hexacyanometalate(iii) hybrid salts along with an unprecedented room-temperature light-induced off→on magnetizing and slow magnetization relaxation behaviour.
CHCHD2 and CHCHD10-related neurodegeneration: molecular pathogenesis and the path to precision therapy
Authors: Shammas Mario K. , Huang Tzu-Hsiang , Narendra Derek P.
Published: April 2023

In the last decade, dominant mutations in the mitochondrial protein CHCHD10 (p.R15L and p.S59L) and its paralog CHCHD2 (p.T61I) were shown to cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD), respectively, with phenotypes that often resemble the idiopathic forms of the diseases. Different mutations in CHCHD10 cause additional neuromuscular disorders, including the lower motor neuron disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy Jokela type (SMAJ) (p.G66V) and autosomal dominant isolated mitochondrial myopathy (IMMD) (p.G58R). Modeling these disorders is revealing how mitochondrial dysfunction may drive ALS and PD pathogenesis by a gain of function mechanism, driven by protein misfolding of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 into toxic species. It is also laying the groundwork for precision therapy of CHCHD2/CHCHD10-related neurodegeneration. In this review, we address the normal function of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10, the mechanisms of their disease pathogenesis, the strong genotype–phenotype correlations that have emerged for CHCHD10, and potential therapeutic strategies for these disorders.
Personal HealthCare of Things: A novel paradigm and futuristic approach
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Shabaz Mohammad , Gupta Ankur , Alqahtani Abdullah , Alsubai Shtwai , Ofori Isaac
Published: April 2023

This study provides an investigative approach and offers a complete review of research on Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), describing the progress in general and highlighting the research issues, trends, and future aspects of IoMT. Exploring a research strategy for IoMT systems is vital as the need for IoT in healthcare grows. By aggregating and merging data on critically important signals in hospitals, switching objects allows for better regulation of patients' physical states. The study proposes a novel approach, that is, Personal HealthCare of Things (PHoT), the idea is to bring personalisation in healthcare systems to target the individual issues and help to provide customised health services to potential patients. As a result, multiple studies were chosen, classified, and compared to evaluate the necessity for enhancing PHoT systems and introduce genuine concerns and future trends. This study provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies in IoMT that focus on applied methodologies, methods, and tools. In a nutshell, this study describes, systematically identifies, and taxonomically categorises IoMT research to provide an extensive comparison with the current publications' limits and potential. The study discusses the proposed PHoT architecture and aims to answer multiple investigations.
A novel heuristic for the analysis of block sign LMS algorithm
Authors: Siqueira Newton Norat , Petraglia Mariane Rembold , Haddad Diego Barreto
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a new heuristic for the analysis of adaptive filtering algorithms. It combines Price's Theorem (which is strictly valid when the random variables are jointly Gaussian) with a probabilistic model of the input data that assumes statistical independence between the radial and angular distributions. Moreover, the last distribution is modeled as discrete, which allows obtaining concise and useful closed‐form estimates of the algorithm's performance. The proposed method directly provides a derivation of a traditional result for the steady state performance of the Sign Least Mean Squares algorithm. Furthermore, it can be used to gain new insights into the asymptotic performance of the Block Sign Least Mean Squares algorithm. The analysis results are confirmed through simulations.
Two‐phase switched reluctance motor with hybrid excitation: Modeling and evaluation
Authors: Davarpanah Gholamreza , Mohammadi Sajjad , Lang Jeffrey H. , Kirtley James L.
Published: April 2023

Switched reluctance machines offer a robust structure, inexpensive maintenance, and a low‐cost drive. However, they can suffer from low mean torque, low torque density, and high noise. Techniques such as offering the stator poles at each phase in the shape of a C core, adding several teeth to the two poles of each C‐core, and embedding permanent magnets to overcome these deficiencies are presented. Permanent magnets are embedded into the structure to create a hybrid excitation that provides a higher torque density. The C‐core stator modules of the stator are toothed to improve the torque. The radial forces on the shaft are balanced. The design procedure, operating principles, and performance trade‐offs are explained. Also, a magnetic equivalent circuit model is introduced. The model provides continuous relationships over the operating regions and incorporates core saturation and accurate flux tubes to attain high precision. Finite element models are also employed in the analysis and design process. The motor is prototyped, and experimental results are extracted, closely matching those obtained with the model and finite‐element analysis.
STAR‐RIS‐enabled simultaneous indoor and outdoor 3D localisation: Theoretical analysis and algorithmic design
Authors: He Jiguang , Fakhreddine Aymen , Alexandropoulos George C.
Published: April 2023

Recent research and development interests deal with metasurfaces for wireless systems beyond their consideration as intelligent tunable reflectors. Among the latest proposals is the simultaneously transmitting (a.k.a. refracting) and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR‐RIS) which intends to enable bidirectional indoor‐to‐outdoor, and vice versa communications thanks to its additional refraction capability. This double functionality provides increased flexibility in concurrently satisfying the quality‐of‐service requirements of users located at both sides of the metasurfaces, for example, the achievable data rate and localisation accuracy. The authors focus on STAR‐RIS‐empowered simultaneous indoor and outdoor three‐dimensional (3D) localisation, and study the fundamental performance limits via Fisher information analyses and Cramér Rao lower bounds (CRLBs). The authors also devise an efficient localisation algorithm based on an off‐grid compressive sensing (CS) technique relying on atomic norm minimisation (ANM). The impact of the training overhead, the power splitting at the STAR‐RIS, the power allocation between the users, the STAR‐RIS size, the imperfections of the STAR‐RIS‐to‐BS channel, as well as the role of the multi‐path components on the positioning performance are assessed via extensive computer simulations. It is theoretically demonstrated that high‐accuracy, up to centimetre level, 3D localisation can be simultaneously achieved for indoor and outdoor users, which is also accomplished via the proposed ANM‐based estimation algorithm.
Characterisation of the upper atmospheres of HAT-P-32 b, WASP-69 b, GJ 1214 b, and WASP-76 b through their He I triplet absorption
Authors: Lampón M. , López-Puertas M. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Czesla S. , Nortmann L. , Casasayas-Barris N. , Orell-Miquel J. , Sánchez-López A. , Danielski C. , Pallé E. , Molaverdikhani K. , Henning Th. , Caballero J. A. , Amado P. J. , Quirrenbach A. , Reiners A. , Ribas I.
Published: April 2023

Characterisation of atmospheres undergoing photo-evaporation is key to understanding the formation, evolution, and diversity of planets. However, only a few upper atmospheres that experience this kind of hydrodynamic escape have been characterised. Our aim is to characterise the upper atmospheres of the hot Jupiters HAT-P-32b and WASP-69 b, the warm sub-Neptune GJ 1214 b, and the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b through high-resolution observations of their He I triplet absorption. In addition, we also reanalyse the warm Neptune GJ 3470 b and the hot Jupiter HD 189733 b. We used a spherically symmetric 1D hydrodynamic model coupled with a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model for calculating the He I triplet distribution along the escaping outflow. Comparing synthetic absorption spectra with observations, we constrained the main parameters of the upper atmosphere of these planets and classify them according to their hydrodynamic regime. Our results show that HAT-P-32 b photo-evaporates at (130 ± 70) ×1011 g s−1 with a hot (12 400 ± 2900 K) upper atmosphere; WASP-69 b loses its atmosphere at (0.9 ± 0.5) ×1011 g s−1 and 5250 ± 750 K; and GJ 1214b, with a relatively cold outflow of 3750 ± 750 K, photo-evaporates at (1.3 ± 1.1) ×1011 g s−1. For WASP-76 b, its weak absorption prevents us from constraining its temperature and mass-loss rate significantly; we obtained ranges of 6000–17 000 K and 23.5 ± 21.5 ×1011 g s−1. Our reanalysis of GJ 3470 b yields colder temperatures, 3400 ± 350 K, but practically the same mass-loss rate as in our previous results. Our reanalysis of HD 189733 b yields a slightly higher mass-loss rate, (1.4 ± 0.5) × 1011 g s−1, and temperature, 12 700 ± 900 K compared to previous estimates. We also found that HAT-P-32 b, WASP-69 b, and WASP-76 b undergo hydrodynamic escape in the recombination-limited regime, and that GJ 1214 b is in the photon-limited regime. Our results support that photo-evaporated outflows tend to be very light, H/He ≳ 98/2. The dependences of the mass-loss rates and temperatures of the studied planets on the respective system parameters (X-ray and ultraviolet stellar flux, gravitational potential) are well explained by the current hydrodynamic escape models.
Secrets behind the RXTE/ASM light curve of Cyg X-3
Authors: Vilhu O. , Koljonen K. I. I. , Hannikainen D. C.
Published: April 2023

Context. In wind-fed X-ray binaries, the radiatively driven wind of the primary star can be suppressed by the X-ray irradiation of the compact secondary star, leading to an increased accretion rate. This causes feedback between the released accretion power and the luminosity of the compact star (X-ray source).

Aims. We investigate the feedback process between the released accretion power and the X-ray luminosity of the compact star (a low-mass black hole) in the unique high-mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-3. We study whether the seemingly erratic behavior of the observed X-ray light curve and accompanying spectral state transitions could be explained by this scenario.

Methods. The wind-fed accretion power is positively correlated with the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) irradiation of the X-ray source. It is also larger than the bolometric luminosity of the X-ray source derived by spectral modeling and assumed to be an intrinsic property of the source. We assume that a part of the wind-fed power experiences a small amplitude variability around the source luminosity. The largest luminosity (lowest wind velocity) is constrained by the Roche-lobe radius, and the lowest one is constrained by the accretion without EUV irradiation. There is a delay between the EUV flux fixing the wind-fed power and that from the source. We modeled this feedback assuming different time profiles for the small amplitude variability.

Results. We propose a simple heuristic model to couple the influence of EUV irradiation on the stellar wind (from the Wolf-Rayet companion star) with the X-ray source itself. The resulting time profile of luminosity mimics that of the input variability, albeit with a larger amplitude. The most important property of the input variability are turnover times when it changes its sign and starts to have either positive or negative feedback. The bolometric luminosity derived by spectral modeling is the time average of the resulting feedback luminosity.

Conclusions. We demonstrate that the erratic behavior of the X-ray light curve of Cygnus X-3 may have its origin in the small amplitude variability of the X-ray source and feedback with the companion wind. This variability could arise in the accretion flow and/or due to the loss of kinetic energy in a jet or an accretion disk wind. In order to produce similar properties of the simulated light curve as observed, we have to restrict the largest accretion radius to a changing level, and assume variable timescales for the rise and decline phases of the light curve.
The discharged characteristics of capacitively coupled Ar/N2 plasma driven by the dual frequency 8/100 MHz
Authors: Yin Guiqin , Zhou Youyou , Yuan Qianghua
Published: April 2023

The discharged characteristics of capacitively coupled Ar/N2 plasma driven by 8 MHz and 100 MHz are investigated at low pressure. The mean electron temperatures at central plasma area are discussed by the corona model with the high frequency (HF) power increase (low frequency (LF) power is fixed) and argon increase. The second positive system (SPS) of nitrogen molecular (C3Πu→B3Πg) from 370 nm to 410 nm in the N2 optical emission spectrum is used to calculate the rotational and vibrational temperature of nitrogen molecular. These results show that the mean electron temperatures both decrease with the argon increase and the HF power increase. The rotational temperature increase with argon increase and decrease with the HF power increase. The particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo (PIC/MC) method is used to calculate the electric density, ion density, electron temperature and electron energy probability function (EEPF) according to experimental conditions. These results show that the electron temperatures both decrease with HF power increase and argon content increase, which are agreed with the spectral results. The EEPF show that the low and high energy electrons both increase with the HF power increase and argon increase. The energy exchange by these higher energy electrons is large, which result in the decrease of electron temperatures.
Experimental analysis of specific energy with variable deformation volume under sphere oblique impact
Authors: Wang Qing-Peng , Lv Shao-Yun , Han Jin-Li , Wang Heng , Li De-Feng , Wang Zhen-Feng
Published: April 2023

Experiments of a steel sphere oblique impact with a rubber cushion have been proceeded to research the variation laws of the specific energy at interface. The contact surfaces above and under the rubber cushion can be recorded with a thin carbon paper. The parameters of deformation volume and specific energy are analyzed by the developed formulas in different cases of the impact angle, cushion thickness, drop height and sphere diameter. It is found that the deformation volume and related geometrical sizes decrease approximately exponentially with the impact angle, and the volume of the tangential moving part reaches a maximum at 50° or 60°. The variation laws of the specific energy absorption/dissipation in normal are similar to that of the axis length. The tangential specific energy can be divided into three main phases, the first two appear the states of slow increase and plateau, between of them a fluctuating peak exists at 30–40°. In final phase, the energy absorption shows sharp increase, but the energy dissipation first increases and then decreases. In addition, they increase linearly with the drop height and sphere diameter, and an optimum cushion thickness of 4 or 5 mm in the given cases.
Diagnostik von peripheren Nerven bei Läsionen und
Kompressionssyndromen: Positionspaper der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft
für Mikrochirurgie – (DAM)
Authors: Bergmeister Konstantin D. , Platzgummer Hannes , Reichel-Vacariu Gerda , Kretschmer Thomas , Sturma Agnes , Schaefer Dirk , Mende Konrad , Meissl Günther , Schlenz Ingrid , Aszmann Oskar C. , Rab Matthias
Published: April 2023

Die Behandlung von peripheren Nervenverletzungen und Kompressionssyndromen
erfordert eine rasche und präzise Diagnose. Nervenpathologien korrekt zu
identifizieren ist klinisch jedoch oft diffizil, womit wichtige Zeit bis zur
fachgerechten Therapie verlorengeht. In diesem Positionspaper der
deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mikrochirurgie (DAM) wird der
derzeitige Status Quo zur Diagnostik von peripheren Nerven bei traumatischen
Läsionen und Kompressionssyndromen analysiert. Hierbei wurde der
Stellenwert der klassischen klinischen Diagnostik in Zusammenschau mit
Elektrophysiologie, hochauflösendem Nervenultraschall und
Magnetresonanz-Neurographie bewertet sowie die Mitglieder der DAM zu ihrem
diagnostischen Zugang befragt. Die beschriebenen Inhalte wurden im Zuge eines
Konsensusworkshops anlässlich der 42. Jahrestagung der DAM 2021 in Graz
erarbeitet.
Ist die therapeutische Mundpflege bei Dysphagiepatient*innen verschwendete Zeit? Ein narrativer Review zu Effekten der Mundpflege auf die Pneumoniehäufigkeit und Ableitung einer Handlungsempfehlung
Authors: Müller Nina , de Beer Carola , Frank Ulrike
Published: April 2023

Aspirationspneumonien sind eine häufige Todesursache bei Dysphagiepatient*innen. In diesem Beitrag wird durch die Evaluation relevanter Studien die Frage untersucht, ob die therapeutische Mundpflege bei Dysphagiepatient*innen zur Verringerung des Pneumonierisikos beitragen kann. Zudem wird auf dieser Grundlage eine Handlungsempfehlung für die Umsetzung der Mundpflege entwickelt.

Die ausgewählten Studien zeigen, dass die Mundpflege einen positiven Effekt auf das Pneumonie-Risiko von Dysphagiepatient*innen hat. Sie sollte auf den Grundsätzen Einfachheit, Sicherheit, Arbeitskräfteentlastung, Wirksamkeit, Universalität, Wirtschaftlichkeit und vollständige Mundpflege aller Teile der Mundhöhle beruhen und nimmt weniger als fünf Minuten täglich ein. Sie bereitet durch die taktile Stimulation auf die anschließende Dysphagie-Therapie vor und ist somit sinnvoll investierte Therapiezeit.
Herausforderungen und Anpassungsstrategien von Leistungserbringern in
der beruflichen Rehabilitation – Eine gemischt-methodische
Analyse
Authors: Reims Nancy , Rauch Angela , Nivorozhkin Anton
Published: April 2023

Ziel der Studie Die diesem Artikel zugrundeliegende Forschungsfrage ist,
(zukünftige) maßgebliche Herausforderungen von
Leistungserbringern (LE) und die damit einhergehenden
Bewältigungsstrategien zu identifizieren. Unter Herausforderungen
verstehen wir Anforderungen, die von außen an den LE herangetragen
werden und die die Einrichtung als zentral für ihre Arbeit ansieht.
Betrachtet werden LE, die im Dezember 2016 rehabilitationsspezifische
Maßnahmen in Kostenträgerschaft der Bundesagentur für
Arbeit angeboten haben.

Methode Der Studie liegt ein Mixed-Methods-Design zugrunde. Im Sommer 2017
wurde eine quantitative Onlinebefragung der LE (n=266)
durchgeführt, sowie vertiefende qualitative leitfadengestützte
Interviews (44 Vertreter:innen bei 32 LE) bis Mitte 2019. Die Ergebnisse sind
Resultat einer Faktorenanalyse (STATA) sowie Analysen im Sinne der Grounded
Theory (MaxQDA).

Ergebnisse Die Expert:innen bei den LE thematisieren vor allem drei
Herausforderungszusammenhänge oder -typen: 1. Wettbewerbliche
Rahmenbedingungen (wie sinkende Teilnehmendenzahlen, zunehmender Preiswettbewerb
oder steigender Kostendruck), 2. Veränderungen in der
Teilnehmendenstruktur (wie sinkende Bildungskompetenzen, mehr Teilnehmende mit
Verhaltensauffälligkeiten, psychischen Erkrankungen oder
Mehrfachbehinderungen) und 3. Veränderte Anforderungen des
Arbeitsmarktes (wie wachsende Bedeutung computergestützter
Tätigkeiten, höhere Anforderungen an die Qualifikationen oder
Rückgang an einfachen Tätigkeiten). Bei den ersten beiden Typen
finden sich klare und meist übergreifende Strategien. So
verändern LE im Rahmen des ersten Typus das Einrichtungsportfolio oder
öffnen sich für Zielgruppen. Auf den zweiten Typus reagieren sie
je nach Handlungskontext mit der Weiterbildung des Personals, Entfristungen oder
Neueinstellungen von vor allem psychologischem Personal sowie Nachverhandlungen
mit den Kostenträgern. Beim dritten Typus allerdings findet sich ein
sehr breites Bild mit wenigen klaren und übergreifenden
Handlungsstrategien. Generell sehen die LE auch die Kostenträger in der
Pflicht, den Reha-Prozess zu optimieren; dies bezieht sich insbesondere auf die
Maßnahmezuweisung und die Bereitstellung von flexibleren und
individuelleren Maßnahmekonzepten.

Schlussfolgerungen Es gibt kein Patentrezept, um auf aktuelle und
zukünftige Herausforderungen zu reagieren. Allerdings hat die
Covid-19-Pandemie gezeigt, dass Strategien für erwartbare Entwicklungen
– wie die Notwendigkeit mit der Digitalisierung voranzukommen –
nicht auf die lange Bank geschoben werden dürfen.
Prognostic Analysis of a Hypoxia-Associated lncRNA Signature in Glioblastoma and its Pan-Cancer Landscape
Authors: Qin Yue , Zhang Xiaonan , Chen Yulei , Zhang Wan , Du Shasha , Ren Chen
Published: April 2023

Background Hypoxia is an important clinical feature of glioblastoma (GBM), which regulates a variety of tumor processes and is inseparable from radiotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly associated with survival outcomes in GBM patients and modulate hypoxia-induced tumor processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a hypoxia-associated lncRNAs (HALs) prognostic model to predict survival outcomes in GBM patients.

Methods LncRNAs in GBM samples were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Hypoxia-related genes were downloaded from the Molecular Signature Database. Co-expression analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs and hypoxia-related genes in GBM samples was performed to determine HALs. Six optimal lncRNAs were selected for building HALs models by univariate Cox regression analysis.

Results The prediction model has a good predictive effect on the prognosis of GBM patients. Meanwhile, LINC00957 among the six lncRNAs was selected and subjected to pan-cancer landscape analysis.

Conclusion Taken together, our findings suggest that the HALs assessment model can be used to predict the prognosis of GBM patients. In addition, LINC00957 included in the model may be a useful target to study the mechanism of cancer development and design individualized treatment strategies.
Auf- und Absteiger in der Klinikbranche: Katholische Stiftungen in Münster vor Megafusion
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: April 2023

kma Online Ausführliche Berichte lesen Sie jeden Monat auf kma Online unter www.kma-online.de/auf-absteiger.
Smart Hospital: Der Mensch im Mittelpunkt der Digitalisierung
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: April 2023

Das Universitätsklinikum Essen (UKE) gilt als ein Vorreiter der digitalen Transformation hin zum Smart Hospital. Der Ärztliche Direktor und Vorstandsvorsitzende, Prof. Dr. Jochen A. Werner, und Chief Transformation Officer Dr. Anke Diehl erläutern den Einsatz von digitaler Technik und künstlicher Intelligenz am UKE.
Apps im Krankenhaus: Eine für alle
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: April 2023

Immer mehr Hersteller liefern Apps, die für das Krankenhausumfeld geeignet sind. Mit „TIM“ wird sogar ein Whatsapp-Derivat entwickelt, über das zukünftig sämtliche Akteure des Gesundheitswesens miteinander kommunizieren können. Wann sie flächendeckend zum Standard gehören, bleibt abzuwarten.
Anonymisierung: KI-Systeme sicherer machen
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: April 2023

Im Kompetenzcluster AnoMed entwickelt ein Konsortium neuartige anonymitätsbewahrende Datenverarbeitungsverfahren sowie eine öffentlich zugängliche Plattform, mit der Entwickler von KI-Systemen ihre verwendeten Anonymisierungsverfahren testen können.
IT-Sicherheit in Krankenhäusern: Mehr als nur Auflagen und Regulatorik
Authors: Glenzer André , Asma Jörg
Published: April 2023

Bei den Anforderungen an die IT-Sicherheit kritischer Infrastrukturen ist Deutschland europaweit Vorreiter. Um die Versorgungssicherheit zu gewährleisten, müssen Entscheiderinnen und Entscheider aber nicht nur das regulatorische Umfeld verstehen, sondern IT-Sicherheit auch als integralen Bestandteil ihrer Geschäftsmodelle begreifen.
Lieferkettengesetz: Neue Sorgfaltspflichten für das Klinikmanagement
Authors: Moseler Felix , Janßen Udo
Published: April 2023

Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften ist eine der großen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit. Dabei geht es nicht nur um die Auswirkungen unternehmerischen Handelns auf Natur und Umwelt, sondern auch um soziale Verantwortung und nachhaltige Governance-Strukturen, wie der Dreiklang aus Environmental, Social und Governance (ESG) deutlich macht.
Digitale Patientenpfade: Zukunftsmodell für intersektorale Versorgung
Authors: Wisniowski Nora , Kurscheid Clarissa
Published: April 2023

Klinische Behandlungspfade enden in der Regel nach der stationären Behandlung. Eine kontinuierliche und sektorenübergreifende Weiterbehandlung ist jedoch entscheidend, um eine Rehospitalisierung zu vermeiden. Digitalisierte Patientenpfade ermöglichen eine intersektorale und patientenzentrierte Versorgung.
Stoichiometric growth of SrTiO3 films via Bayesian optimization with adaptive prior mean
Authors: Wakabayashi Yuki K. , Otsuka Takuma , Krockenberger Yoshiharu , Sawada Hiroshi , Taniyasu Yoshitaka , Yamamoto Hideki
Published: April 2023

Perovskite insulator SrTiO3 (STO) is expected to be applied to the next generation of electronic and photonic devices as high-k capacitors and photocatalysts. However, reproducible growth of highly insulating stoichiometric (STO) films remains challenging due to the difficulty of precise stoichiometry control in perovskite oxide films. Here, to grow stoichiometric (STO) thin films by fine-tuning multiple growth conditions, we developed a new Bayesian optimization (BO)-based machine learning method that encourages exploration of the search space by varying the prior mean to get out of suboptimal growth condition parameters. Using simulated data, we demonstrate the efficacy of the new BO method, which reproducibly reaches the global best conditions. With the BO method implemented in machine-learning-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (ML-MBE), a highly insulating stoichiometric (STO) film with no absorption in the bandgap was developed in only 44 MBE growth runs. The proposed algorithm provides an efficient experimental design platform that is not as dependent on the experience of individual researchers and will accelerate not only oxide electronics but also various material syntheses.
An analog fiber optic link developed for electrical pulse signal transmission
Authors: Lv Z. J. , Sheng L. , Li Y. , Zhang M. , Tian G. , Ruan L. B. , Zhang Y. X. , Zhao J. Z.
Published: April 2023

The electromagnetic interference (EMI) around the devices for ionizing radiation experiments is a serious concern. In order to reduce EMI and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, a new type of analog fiber optic link (FOL) has been developed for fast pulse signal transmission under complicated electromagnetic fields. Electrical signals are converted to optical signals through an electro-optical conversion process using the amplitude modulation mechanism. After long-distance transmission, optical signals can also be restored via photoelectric conversion. Each link has a transmitter unit connected via a fiber optic cable to the receiver unit. The transmitter unit consists of a distributed feedback laser, a driver circuit made of amplifiers, and an automatic temperature control module, while the receiver unit consists of a PIN detector, a transimpedance amplifier, a main amplifier, and a third order active low-pass filter. A prototype of this link has been fabricated and tested. The test results show that the transmission bandwidth of the analog signals is DC ∼ 155 MHz, the transmission delay is a typical 21 ns, the linear dynamic range is greater than 56 dB (692 times larger), the output noise is less than 4.5 mV, and the transmission distance is up to several kilometers, which can meet the requirements of ionizing radiation experiments. The FOL demonstrates great performance in transmission for scientific research with high quality in terms of transmission bandwidth, linearity, security, and stability.
Investigation of the hygrothermal aging behavior of GFRP laminates used for a marine unmanned aerial vehicle structure
Authors: Cheng Wen , Cao Yan
Published: April 2023

In this study, the hygrothermal aging behavior of E-glass fiber/epoxy composites was investigated. The moisture absorption data and diffusivity of the composite laminates were determined by conducting five sets of aging tests at different temperatures and humidities. Based on the Shen and Springer model and the Arrhenius model, a relationship model between environmental parameters and moisture absorption behavior was proposed, which was verified by experimental data and Fick’s law. The Rajaram empirical model was used to predict the aging strength of composite laminates as a function of moisture content. Under the condition of ultimate moisture absorption, the tensile, compression, and bending strengths of the laminate decreased by 24.126%, 11.148%, and 24.942%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observations showed that swelling cracks and fiber/matrix interface debonding caused by moisture absorption of the resin matrix are the key factors affecting the macroscopic properties of the composites.
Investigation of topological regime in Bi2Se3 thin films through low-frequency electric noise
Authors: Barone C. , Orgiani P. , Carapella G. , Granata V. , Chaluvadi S. K. , Pagano S.
Published: April 2023

Topological insulators are considered new states of quantum matter that cannot be systematically related to conventional insulators and semiconductors. Among them, Bi2Se3 has attracted an increasing interest due to a simple surface band structure and due to a strong contribution of the surface to transport. While the dc electric transport properties have been extensively studied, intrinsic fluctuations and their effect on the surface conduction have received less attention. In order to better investigate these aspects, a detailed characterization of the low-frequency noise, also known as noise spectroscopy, has been made in Bi2Se3 thin films. The experimental results have been obtained for different samples thickness and geometry, in a temperature range from 300 down to 8 K, and as a function of dc bias current and gate voltage. While the observed spectral noise shows a typical thermal and shot noise part, an unusual reduction of the 1/f noise component is found, especially in the low-temperature region. A correlation of this behavior with structural and dc electric transport investigations suggests that it could be an indication of the occurrence of the topological regime. Flicker noise measurements, therefore, could be considered as a valid alternative technique to standard topological surface state spectroscopy.
Defogging lens design for infrared laser active imaging by orbital angular momentum meta-surface
Authors: Gao Jinming , Guo Jinying , Dai Anli , Situ Guohai
Published: April 2023

Imaging in scattering media has been a big problem, as the ballistic light carrying object information is swamped by background noise, thus degrading the imaging quality. In addressing this issue, active illumination imaging technology has various advantages over passive imaging since it can introduce several controllable parameters, such as polarization, coded aperture, and so on. Here, we actively introduce orbital angular momentum into the scattering imaging, which can effectively enhance the mid/high frequency components of the object. Then, it is fused with the low-quality image obtained by traditional imaging, which can effectively enhance the visualization. Compared with the results of direct imaging, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by up to 250%–300%, and the image contrast is improved by up to 300%–400%. This method may find applications in foggy environments for autonomous driving, lidar, and machine vision.
An X-band compact rectangular waveguide TE10-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter
Authors: Jiang Tao , Jiang Zili , Bai Weida , Yang Guang , Xiong Zhengfeng
Published: April 2023

This paper proposed an X-band compact efficient rectangular waveguide TE10-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter and conducted its structure design, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental research. This mode converter is composed of a rectangular waveguide TE10–TE20 mode converter and a rectangular waveguide TE20-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter. In the design of the rectangular waveguide TE20-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter, a rectangular waveguide step is used to counteract the microwave reflection due to the discontinuity of the rectangular–circular waveguide connection, and two choke slots are involved to suppress the TE21 mode in the circular waveguide by cutting off the axial component of its surface current on the waveguide wall, so as to improve the TE01 mode conversion efficiency. The simulation results show that the reflection coefficient of the mode converter is less than 5% and the TE01 mode conversion efficiency is about 98.4% at the operation frequency of 9.3 GHz. The bandwidth with a transmission coefficient greater than 98% is about 200 MHz. The back-to-back experimental system is demonstrated, and the experimental results show that the measured TE01 mode conversion efficiency is about 98.2%, which is consistent with the simulation result.
High peak power quantum cascade lasers monolithically integrated onto silicon with high yield and good near-term reliability
Authors: Cristobal Enrique , Fetters Matthew , Liu Amy W. K. , Fastenau Joel M. , Azim Ahmad , Milbocker Luke , Lyakh Arkadiy
Published: April 2023

High peak power, room-temperature operation in the long wave infrared spectral region is reported for double-channel, ridge waveguide quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) monolithically integrated onto a silicon substrate. The 55-stage laser structure with an AlInAs/InGaAs core and InP cladding was grown by molecular beam epitaxy directly onto an 8-in. diameter germanium-coated silicon substrate template via a III–V alloy metamorphic buffer. Atomic force microscope imaging demonstrated a good quality surface for the full QCL structure grown on silicon, with improved roughness over wider areas compared to the previous work. Fabricated 3 mm × 26 μm lasers operate at room temperature, deliver more than 3 W of peak (6 mW of average) optical power, and show approximately 3% wall plug efficiency and 4.3 kA/cm2 threshold current density with emission wavelength centered at 11.5 μm. The lasers had a high yield with only around 15% max power deviation and no signs of performance degradation were observed over a 10 h burn in period at maximum power. Singled-lobed high quality output beam with M2 = 1.36 was measured for 3 mm × 22 μm devices, demonstrating that it is possible to produce high-brightness quantum cascade lasers on silicon with standard ridge waveguide processing paving the way for low-cost production of integrated mid-infrared platforms.
Starships
are active eukaryotic transposable elements mobilized by a new family of tyrosine recombinases
Authors: Urquhart Andrew S. , Vogan Aaron A. , Gardiner Donald M. , Idnurm Alexander
Published: April 2023

Transposable elements in eukaryotic organisms have historically been considered “selfish,” at best conferring indirect benefits to their host organisms. The
Starships
are a recently discovered feature in fungal genomes that are, in some cases, predicted to confer beneficial traits to their hosts and also have hallmarks of being transposable elements. Here, we provide experimental evidence that
Starships
are indeed autonomous transposons, using the model
Paecilomyces variotii
, and identify the HhpA “Captain” tyrosine recombinase as essential for their mobilization into genomic sites with a specific target site consensus sequence. Furthermore, we identify multiple recent horizontal gene transfers of
Starships
, implying that they jump between species. Fungal genomes have mechanisms to defend against mobile elements, which are frequently detrimental to the host. We discover that
Starships
are also vulnerable to repeat-induced point mutation defense, thereby having implications on the evolutionary stability of such elements.
Infection of primary nasal epithelial cells differentiates among lethal and seasonal human coronaviruses
Authors: Otter Clayton J. , Fausto Alejandra , Tan Li Hui , Khosla Alisha S. , Cohen Noam A. , Weiss Susan R.
Published: April 2023

The nasal epithelium is the initial entry portal and primary barrier to infection by all human coronaviruses (HCoVs). We utilize primary human nasal epithelial cells grown at air–liquid interface, which recapitulate the heterogeneous cellular population as well as mucociliary clearance functions of the in vivo nasal epithelium, to compare lethal [Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV (MERS-CoV)] and seasonal (HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E) HCoVs. All four HCoVs replicate productively in nasal cultures, though replication is differentially modulated by temperature. Infections conducted at 33 °C vs. 37 °C (reflective of temperatures in the upper and lower airway, respectively) revealed that replication of both seasonal HCoVs (HCoV-NL63 and -229E) is significantly attenuated at 37 °C. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV replicate at both temperatures, though SARS-CoV-2 replication is enhanced at 33 °C late in infection. These HCoVs also diverge significantly in terms of cytotoxicity induced following infection, as the seasonal HCoVs as well as SARS-CoV-2 cause cellular cytotoxicity as well as epithelial barrier disruption, while MERS-CoV does not. Treatment of nasal cultures with type 2 cytokine IL-13 to mimic asthmatic airways differentially impacts HCoV receptor availability as well as replication. MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 expression increases with IL-13 treatment, whereas ACE2, the receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63, is down-regulated. IL-13 treatment enhances MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E replication but reduces that of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63, reflecting the impact of IL-13 on HCoV receptor availability. This study highlights diversity among HCoVs during infection of the nasal epithelium, which is likely to influence downstream infection outcomes such as disease severity and transmissibility.
Examining the use of reflexive metadiscourse in the construction of affiliative communication in group email
requests
Authors: McKeown Jamie
Published: April 2023

This qualitative study examines how male-identified and female-identified individuals use reflexive metadiscourse
in the construction of affiliative communication, i.e., a mode of communication traditionally coded as feminine. Specifically, it
examines requests made in the public context of group email. Both reflexive metadiscourse and affiliative communication are
analysed with the concept of indexicality, and two novel sub-categories (i.e., directing and committing) are added to an existing
taxonomy. The findings show that whether communicating to institutional subordinates, equals, or superiors, female-identified and
male-identified senders displayed great similarity in their use of reflexive metadiscourse in the construction of affiliative
communication. Amongst other things, reflexive metadiscourse indirectly indexed the following communicative behaviours associated
with affiliative communication: sharing contextual information, expressing supportive feedback, constructing diminutive personas,
and suppressing personal agency. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings and directions for
future research.
Structural arrangement and improved thermoelectric figure of merit in hexagonal SiX (X = N, P, As, Sb, Bi) monolayers: understanding from first-principles calculations
Authors: Murari Himanshu , Ghosh Subhradip
Published: April 2023

Materials with thermoelectric (TE) efficiencies comparable to Carnot efficiency are desirable for applications in devices that use TE effects to produce electricity from heat. The figure of merit of a TE material is a measure of its efficiency. This quantity is determined by the intricate interplay of electronic and thermal transport parameters. Layered materials at low dimensions, such as 2D monolayers, have been in focus with regard to the quest for new TE materials. Group III–VI semiconductors in their 2D monolayers have exhibited fascinating TE properties. Naturally, it is expected that isoelectronic IV–V semiconductors will possess similar novelty. In this work, we have investigated the electronic, dynamical and TE properties of IV–V monolayer SiN, SiP, SiAs, SiSb and SiBi using first-principles electronic structure methods in conjunction with the semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. Unlike previous studies, here the focus was to compute and analyse the effects of structural arrangements on TE properties. We found that upon consideration of an alternative stacking arrangement in the systems, significant changes occur in the transport phenomena, leading to a large figure of merit and thus TE efficiency. A comprehensive comparative analysis is presented to interpret the results. This work bears significance in the fact that it demonstrates a very important structure–property relationship aspect for these compounds that has been overlooked so far, and this approach may lead to the discovery of new TE materials with desirable efficiencies.
Electric resistivity evolution in NiTi alloys under thermomechanical loading: phase proportioning, elasticity and plasticity effects
Authors: Lopes Leal Júnior Marcos , Pino Laurent , Barati Mahmoud , Saint-Sulpice Luc , Daniel Laurent , Arbab Chirani Shabnam
Published: April 2023

The well-known martensitic transformation is the main feature for almost all shape memory alloys (SMAs) usage. Meanwhile, the practical implementation of SMA in devices is not straightforward due to the evolution of their functional properties in operation. This evolution is mainly due to the different interactions between the martensite transformation (MT) or detwinning and mechanisms such as plasticity. Although these mechanisms are extensively studied by fine and precise techniques (e.g. high energy x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy), their impact on a macroscopic level (usage scale) are not fully clarified. In this work, the effects of some of the most influential mechanisms in a NiTi alloy are investigated by using electric resistivity measurements at macroscopic scale. Distinct phase proportioning approaches are employed to analyze the martensitic transformation kinetic. It is found that, unlike elastic strains, plastic strains are a key influential factor on resistivity variations in SMAs. It is also shown that the use of an assumption of linearity between fraction of stress-induced martensite and strain transformation can lead to unrealistic interpretations of transformation mechanisms in NiTi wires.
Spin polarization and Fano–Rashba resonance in nonmagnetic graphene
Authors: Lu Wei-Tao , Sun Qing-Feng
Published: April 2023

We study the symmetry of spin transport in graphene with the Rashba spin–orbit coupling (SOC) and the staggered potential, which can be produced by depositing the graphene on a transition-metal dichalcogenides substrate. The results show that all three spin polarization components along the x, y and z directions are achieved with a measurable conductance in such a nonmagnetic graphene. The spin transport property near the two valleys is discussed in the light of the symmetry of the system. Both conductance and spin polarization present some certain symmetries with respect to the Rashba SOC (RSOC) and staggered potential. The system could work as a valley-spin polarization transverter which combines valleytronics and spintronics. Furthermore, the asymmetric Fano–Rashba resonance of the conductance and spin polarization could occur in a resonant structure due to interference of spin-polarized discrete and continuum states induced by the RSOC. The Fano–Rashba resonance can be effectively controlled by the gate voltage. The derived symmetry relations and numerical results could provide a guideline for the design of spin-valley-based devices.