bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The accuracy of tuberculous meningitis diagnostic tests using Bayesian latent class analysis
Authors: Le Huy Ngoc , Sriplung Hutcha , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , Nguyen Nhung Viet , Nguyen Tri Huu
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most dangerous form of tuberculosis with high mortality and disability rates. However, the delayed diagnostic process is often due to the absence of the gold standard tests leading to a lack of information about the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of TBM and determine the performance of four diagnostic procedures: the mycobacteria growth culture test, Gene Xpert assay, and analysis of protein levels and leukocyte count taken from cerebrospinal fluid.

Methodology: We used a Bayesian latent class analysis to estimate the prevalence of TBM with 95% credible interval (CI), and the specificity and sensitivity of the four diagnostic procedures. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the cerebrospinal protein levels and leukocyte count were also compared and estimated using different thresholds.

Results: A total of 1,213 patients suspected of having TBM were included. The estimated TBM prevalence was 34.8 % (95% CI: 28.8 – 41.3). The sensitivity of culture test and Gene Xpert assay was 62.7% (95% CI: 52.5 – 74.0), and 57.5% (95% CI: 51.0 – 64.0), and the specificity of Gene-Xpert was 95. 9% (95% CI: 92.0 – 99.8). The AUC for leukocyte count was 76.0%, and for protein level was 73.4%.

Conclusions: This study provided better information about the performance of four routine diagnostic tests and the prevalence of TBM which can enhance disease control and improve treatment outcomes.
Proteomics analysis of important molecules in serum from meningitic piglets caused by Streptococcus suis serotype 2
Authors: Jiang Hexiang , Liu Jianan , Wu Tong , Liu Mengmeng , Sun Qiang , Wang Junjie , Zhu Rining , Qu Guanggang , Li Shuguang , Liu Hongtao , Lei Liancheng
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes meningitis in China. This study’s aim was comparative analysis of serum proteomics from meningitis and non-meningitis piglets.

Methodology: SS2 meningitis and non-meningitis piglet models were established. The serum samples were collected and analyzed by label-free LC-MS/MS proteomics technology. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) from serum were screened out by comparing the meningitis group and non-meningitis group to the healthy group (M/C; N/C), respectively. And then, globally and comparative analysis of DEPs in “M/C” and “N/C” in serum were performed using bioinformatics method. Finally, we comparatively analyzed the serum and cerebrospinal fluid proteomics in piglets that lived with meningitis.

Results: We obtained 316 and 191 DEPs from “M/C” and “N/C” which classification visualizations were established. 157 DEPs were common in both groups and 159 DEPs were unique to the “M/C”. These DEPs and the signaling pathways which they participated in were visualized. Moreover, some DEPs which participated in multiple pathways were discovered and the interaction between 159 DEPs was also mapped. 39 common DEPs were also screened out in serum and cerebrospinal fluid during meningitis, and signaling pathways associated with these DEPs were further visualized.

Conclusions: DEPs in “M/C” and “N/C” were comparatively analyzed and the similarities and differences of these DEPS which were involved in signal pathways were summarized. Moreover, several important molecules were screened out.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Nantong, China
Authors: Lu Renfei , Qin Jianru , Wu Yan , Wang Jian , Huang Shengyong , Tian Lijun , Zhang Tao , Wu Xiuming , Huang Songping , Jin Xia , Zhang Chiyu
Published: June 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 is a newly emerging life-threatening respiratory disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

Methodology: We included 28 COVID-19 patients admitted to Nantong Third Hospital from January 23 to February 26, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed using real-time RT-PCR. The demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory parameters were obtained from each patient.

Results: The vast majority (71.4%) of confirmed COVID-19 patients were brought in from outside of the city, and all others had contact history with these confirmed cases. The median age of patients was 50 years old and half had underlying diseases. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (96.4%), cough (67.9%), and chilly (28.6%), and 75.0% patients had two or more symptoms. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein levels, and reduced absolute counts of total lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were observed among the patients. The vast majority (85.7%) of patients showed bilateral or unilateral pneumonia, and three symptomatic patients and one asymptomatic case did not show abnormalities in their CT image. Among the 28 admitted patients, 24 were discharged as of February 26, 2020, with an average hospital stay of 14.96 (±4.27) days, which was not significantly associated with the interval between the onset of symptoms and admission.

Conclusions: In the absence of specific antiviral drugs or a vaccine, quarantine or isolation is the most effective intervention strategy for preventing the spread of the virus. Adequate supportive medical care is crucial for good prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Estimating case fatality ratio during COVID-19 epidemics: Pitfalls and alternatives
Authors: Chirico Francesco , Nucera Gabriella , Magnavita Nicola
Published: June 2020

This item has no abstract. Use the link on the right to access the full text.
Short epidemiological overview of the current situation on COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast European (SEE) countries
Authors: Puca Edmond , Čivljak Rok , Arapović Jurica , Popescu Corneliu , Christova Iva , Raka Lul , Cana Fadil , Miranović Vesna , Karageorgopoulos Drosos , Baš Denis , Paglietti Bianca , Barać Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

We are living in times where a viral disease has brought normal life in much of the world to a halt. The novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China initially and in a short time crossed the European borders. After mitigating the epidemic in China, Italy became one of the most COVID-19 affected countries worldwide. International travelers are important sources of infectious diseases and a possible source of epidemic. Due to its political, geographic, and cultural similarities, Italy is one of the main economic partners of Southeast European (SEE) countries. Our data show that infection in index cases in all 11 SEE countries was travel-related with Italy being a source country for 8/11 countries. After the first case identifications on February 25, the number of cases in SEE countries is continually rising reaching the total number of 15,612 with 565 fatal cases and overall case fatality ratio (CFR) of 3.6 (median 3.8, range 0.8–5.5) by April 10, 2020. At a time when the COVID-19 pandemic is approaching its peak, apart from the problems with treatment of the disease and care for critically ill patients, there are other equally important problems, such as organization of outbreak response, provision of health care, lack of hospital personnel, disruption of personal protective equipment supply chains and health care workers (HCWs) protection. But what is more important is the heroic behavior of the HCWs who are showing their humanity by disregarding their lives.
Internal Locus of Control as a Driving Factor of Early Detaction Behavior of Servical Cancer by Inspection Visual of Acetic Acid Method
Authors: Muhith Abdul , Winarti Eko , Perdana S. S. Idola , Haryuni Sri , Rahayu Kun Ika Nur , Mallongi Anwar
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is one of the main reproductive health problems, and it is a cause of death to women in the world, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Inspection visual of acetic acid (IVA) is an inexpensive and effective initial examination to detect cervical cancer.
AIM: The aim of the study was to find out the correlation of the locus of control and the behavior of early detection of cervical cancer by the IVA method.
METHODS: The research design was a cross-sectional study. The sample of the study was 393 respondents. The sampling technique was multi-stage random sampling, conducted at nine community health centers (Puskesmas) in Kediri City. The instruments used in the study were a questionnaire that had been tested for its validity and reliability for locus of control, and observation sheets for the early detection of cervical cancer by the IVA method. The data analysis technique used is the Spearman rho test with a value of α = 0.05.
RESULTS: Spearman rho test results obtained a significance value of 0.000 lower than that of α = 0.05, meaning there was a significant correlation between the locus of control variable and behavior of early detection of cervical cancer by IVA method.
CONCLUSION: The conclusion was that there was a significant correlation between the locus of control variable and the early detection behavior of cervical cancer by the IVA method. The higher the internal locus of control in a woman, the better the behavior of early detection of cervical cancer by the IVA method.
Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic position of the flying squirrel genus Biswamoyopterus (Mammalia, Rodentia, Sciuridae, Pteromyini) on the northern Indo-China peninsula
Authors: Li Guogang , Lwin Ye Htet , Yang Bin , Qin Tao , Phothisath Phouthong , Maung Kyaw-Win , Quan Rui-Chang , Li Song
Published: June 2020

The flying squirrel genus Biswamoyopterus (Rodentia: Sciuridae: Pteromyini) was once considered to contain three species, Biswamoyopterus biswasi from northeastern India, B. laoensis from central Laos and B. gaoligongensis from southwest China, all identified from morphological characteristics of one or two specimens. However, based on similar morphological characteristics of two samples of the genus Biswamoyopterus collected recently from northern Laos and northern Myanmar, and the small genetic distances on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA between them, the results strongly support these two samples as representatives of the same species. The phylogenetic analyses strongly support Biswamoyopterus as an independent genus of Pteromyini, as a sister group to Aeromys. Biswamoyopterus biswasi is distributed in the northern Indo-China peninsula, where it is exposed to a series of threats, such as intense hunting activity, illegal trade, and rapid habitat loss; this should warrant its classification as critically endangered according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. Here, the molecular data for genus Biswamoyopterus and two new specimen records from northern Laos and northern Myanmar are presented.
Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels
Authors: Gosik Rafał , Skuhrovec Jiří , Caldara Roberto , Toševski Ivo
Published: June 2020

The immature stages of tenMecinusspecies are described for the first time and those of two other species are redescribed, adding important chaetotaxy characters that were missing from previous descriptions. These species belong to six of the nine assemblages ofMecinusspecies previously established according to a phylogenetic analysis. All these groupings are confirmed on the basis of several characters of mature larvae and pupae. Moreover, all the species show several characters that are useful for distinguishing them from each other, including cryptic species that previously had few differential characters. Some characters that may be useful for separatingMecinusfrom other genera in the tribe are suggested. To confirm the taxonomic identification of some larvae, the mtCOII gene was obtained and compared with sequences from identified adult specimens. The most important characters for separating the immature stages of the genera and species groups inMecinusare the number of palpomeres of the labial palpi (1 or 2), the number of air tubes of the thoracic and abdominal spiracles (unicameral or bicameral), and the number of epipharyngeal setae. The species studied herein were compared with those known from other genera in the tribe Mecinini. Two keys, one to the described larvae and the other to the pupae, are provided. Detailed biological data, several of which are new, on some species are reported.
À propos de Qui a tué Eva Freud ? Fragments d’une vie à Nice
Authors: Ferrero Madignier Bernadette , Tamet Jean-Yves
Published: June 2020

Cet article expose, après une présentation du livre, un échange avec Isabelle Sieurin à propos de son ouvrage retraçant le destin d’Eva Freud et des jeunes filles du lycée Calmette de Nice. Elles furent déportées ou, comme Eva, subirent les conséquences de leur statut d’exilées juives. Mais ce livre inscrit cette dimension d’histoire dans un projet où les élèves de terminale furent associés, laissant ainsi apparaître une transmission originale de la catastrophe.
Débats de 1932 sur la sexualité féminine et enjeux pour la cure
Authors: Rossi Patricia
Published: June 2020

Dans une lettre à Freud de mai 1932, Ferenczi évoque un cycle de conférences avec de « vifs débats sur le complexe féminin de castration et l’ envie de pénis  ». Non sans provocation, il interpelle Freud. Nous en repérons les résonances de transferts de travail dans son Journal clinique . Trois psychanalystes, Lilian Rotter, Alice Balint et Fanny Hann-Kende sont intervenues. En allant à leur rencontre, nous découvrons l’originalité de leur recherche fondée sur les théories non phallocentrées et la créativité de l’école hongroise affranchie du dogme.
Stratégies de l’inconscient dans l’œuvre d’art
Authors: Landa Eva
Published: June 2020

Les bijoux contemporains, forme d’art qui renverse les codes traditionnels de la haute joaillerie, intéressent d’autant plus la psychanalyse qu’ils laissent entrevoir de façon particulière le travail de l’artiste en tant que « stratège de l’inconscient ». L’analyse du vœu inconscient qui s’exprime dans les œuvres de quatre créatrices permet d’en dégager différentes déclinaisons du féminin.
Le véritable premier amour de l’adolescent Sigmund Freud
Authors: Kamieniak Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2020

Si Freud a délibérément effacé toute trace de l’identité de son véritable premier amour, attribuant après coup dans une lettre à Martha ce statut à l’ingénue Gisela et contribuant ainsi à la légende du héros, une étude attentive des lettres retrouvées de l’adolescent puis du fiancé Freud, associées aux événements de son histoire, fait de cet « aveu » fallacieux un voile pudique jeté sur ce profond émoi qui l’avait préalablement saisi pour une autre jeune fille au pseudonyme d’Ichtyosaura, lui permettant aussi d’offrir en retour à Martha cette âme innocente qu’il exigeait d’elle.
Une anthropologie de la reconnaissance
Authors: Chalier Jonathan
Published: June 2020

Cet hommage à Marcel Hénaff montre que son anthropologie du don, ainsi que son éthique de l’altérité et sa politique de la reconnaissance, permettent de penser les limites de la marchandisation, le lien entre les générations et les transformations urbaines.
Le don du juste
Authors: Sfez Gérald
Published: June 2020

Marcel Hénaff a montré que la constitution du lien social est liée au geste à la fois libre et contraint du don cérémoniel. En dialogue avec la philosophie, il a aussi établi sa parenté avec la recherche de la vérité, dont on ne peut jamais se tenir quitte.
Les fonctions de la vie
Authors: Garapon Antoine , Lassègue Jean
Published: June 2020

Les travaux de Marcel Hénaff sur l’éthique catholique permettent de dégager le sens de la modernité protestante : l’action des individus y est privée de toute référence à un ordre transcendant et de toute médiation autre que les fonctions numériques.
Apprendre à apprendre
Authors: Barbara Jean-Gaël
Published: June 2020

Depuis les années 1990, les neurosciences de l’apprentissage développent de nouvelles perspectives pédagogiques. En France, les débats récents sont trop souvent caricaturaux, alors que nous pouvons encore apprendre à apprendre.
La temporalité psychique au service du devenir adulte : point de vue théorique et intérêt des méthodes projectives
Authors: Chantepie Pierre-Justin , Azoulay Catherine
Published: June 2020

Après avoir mis en exergue l’importance de la problématique œdipienne, du narcissisme et de la problématique de perte/séparation dans les processus d’adolescence et de devenir adulte, cet article se propose de rendre compte de leurs intrications avec la temporalité psychique, afin de mettre en évidence la pertinence de cette notion dans le devenir adulte. En effet, si l’adolescence a pu faire l’objet de quelques travaux du point de vue de la temporalité psychique, aucune recherche adossée à la pensée psychanalytique ne s’est encore intéressée à son importance dans le devenir adulte. Pour se faire, et en appui sur notre recherche de doctorat, nous préciserons ces interactions entre temporalité psychique et devenir adulte, puis nous proposerons une méthodologie étayée sur les épreuves projectives du Rorschach et du tat pour rendre compte de la qualité du déploiement du devenir adulte du point de vue de la temporalité psychique.
Les configurations explicatives de la participation individuelle à l’action collective
Authors: Vendeur Arnaud
Published: June 2020

Cet article s’intéresse aux salarié.e.s en CDI de deux entreprises en réduction d’effectifs et se focalise sur leur participation à des manifestations ponctuelles et locales, organisées contre les licenciements économiques annoncés. Il explique ce comportement par l’occurrence d’une ou de plusieurs interdépendances entre des caractéristiques contextuelles meso , d’une part, et des propriétés individuelles ou micro , d’autre part. Dénommées configurations , les quatre combinaisons que nous identifions favorisent le passage à l’action, leur absence impliquant le non-ralliement. Un individu a ainsi d’autant plus de chances de participer à l’action collective qu’il dépend de plusieurs de ces interdépendances, ou qu’il entretient des liens forts avec des collègues relevant de ces mêmes configurations explicatives.
Le rôle des entrepreneurs politiques dans les processus de transfert
Authors: Larrouqué Damien
Published: June 2020

Si les notions d’« entrepreneur politique » et de « transfert » sont stabilisées sur le plan conceptuel, il est rare de les appréhender de concert. La littérature présume que l’entrepreneur politique participe à la diffusion des innovations en matière de politiques publiques, sans pour autant que les modalités de son investissement dans un tel processus n’aient été systématiquement analysées. Sur la base d’une typologie construite autour de quatre idéal-types, cet article se propose d’étudier en perspective comparée le rôle joué par les entrepreneurs politiques dans le transfert du projet socio-éducatif One Laptop Per Child en Amérique latine durant la seconde moitié des années 2000.
La marginalisation du référendum communal en France depuis 2003
Authors: Prémat Christophe
Published: June 2020

Les discussions portant sur le projet de l’aéroport Notre-Dame-des-Landes en 2016, sur le référendum d’initiative citoyenne pendant la mobilisation des Gilets jaunes en 2018-2019 et sur le lancement du référendum d’initiative partagée en juin 2019 contre la privatisation des aéroports parisiens ont relancé le débat sur la combinaison du système représentatif avec des procédures de démocratie directe au niveau local. Pourtant, il existe depuis le début des années 2000 des dispositifs censés favoriser la participation des habitants à la vie politique locale. Cette note de recherche examine ainsi la pratique du référendum communal depuis la réforme de 2003 introduisant le référendum décisionnel afin de comprendre si celui-ci fonctionne comme un élément de résolution de conflits locaux ou s’il est davantage un indicateur des problématiques spécifiques de certains territoires. L’analyse de données récoltées sur ces dispositifs entre 2003 et 2019 permet d’en dégager les facteurs explicatifs.
Accès aux soins en santé mentale et médiations en santé. Expérience rouennaise à destination des gens du voyage
Authors: Trompesance Timothée , Jan Olivier
Published: June 2020

Depuis vingt ans existe à Rouen un partenariat entre une équipe mobile psychiatrie précarité ( empp ) et un centre social associatif ayant pour public les gens du voyage de l’agglomération. Il vise l’accès aux soins psychiques de cette population. Quelques principes, rappelés dans ce texte, favorisent l’aspect pratique et incarné de ce travail engagé au profit de personnes peu ou mal demandeuses, évoluant dans des situations socio-anthropologiques complexes, combinant souvent exclusion sociale, différence culturelle et conflits d’appartenance (appartenir à un sous-groupe culturel dans une société dominante globale comporte des difficultés). Nous mettons en avant qu’un rapport contre--transférentiel culturel de nature ambivalente existe, dont nous sommes dépositaires, dont sont dépositaires les personnes que nous souhaitons aider ici. Il nous semble fondamental d’en être conscients pour mener au mieux notre mission. Le rôle du médiateur en santé (précisé dans nos lignes) comme celui des intervenants de l’ empp compose avec cette réalité.
Former au travail social, plaidoyer pour une formation qui ne soit pas formatage
Authors: Sacchelli Muriel
Published: June 2020

À l’heure où l’hégémonie néolibérale a étendu son empire aux champs du travail social et de la formation à ses métiers – rentabilité, quantification, objectivation et transparence étant les critères à l’aune desquels tout doit être évalué –, prendre la mesure des conséquences de cette domination constitue un enjeu éthique. En effet, le modèle capitaliste tend à forclore ce qui relève de la singularité, seul registre susceptible de subvertir son projet de promouvoir l’existence d’êtres volontairement soumis, car acculturés et délestés de leur faculté de penser, afin de lui fournir une main-d’œuvre corvéable. Ce faisant, il promeut une réelle déshumanisation. Soutenir les dimensions de la clinique, de la parole et du sens dans la formation au travail social face à des modèles réduisant l’humain à un individu bio-psychosocial, somme de comportements reconditionnables, demeure l’unique rempart contre ce procès, maintenant chez les éducateurs en formation comme chez ceux qu’ils accompagnent capacité de penser et humanité.
« À quoi t’as rêvé ? »
Authors: Robichon Caroline
Published: June 2020

À partir d’exemples de situations rencontrées dans l’exercice des fonctions de formatrice, cet article évoque une posture professionnelle qui s’appuie sur la considération de l’autre comme un autre soi-même. Le postulat se fonde sur l’idée que c’est grâce à l’instauration d’une relation à parité d’estime que le passage, la transmission entre le formateur et la personne en formation se réalise, lui permettant de construire son sujet professionnel. Via un accompagnement maïeuticien, ce sujet professionnel en devenir est invité à se souvenir de son rêve initial, « ce qu’il fout là », pour se forger une éthique et se penser.
Apprendre à agir… même sous la pluie
Authors: Santiago Sanz Henri
Published: June 2020

La formation est toujours l’expression d’une conception du travail social. Si cette conception ne reflète que la stricte commande sociale, la formation tendra à produire des professionnels strictement applicateurs de procédures légales reproduisant les schémas d’une société violente par ses inégalités. Si cette conception considère le travail social comme une lutte opiniâtre pour l’émancipation, la justice et l’égalité, la formation s’appliquera, dans le fond comme dans la forme, à construire des collectifs de travailleurs sociaux réflexifs et concernés par ces enjeux politiques majeurs qui transcendent toute technique d’intervention.
Le rapt de la formation continue
Authors: Rouzel Joseph
Published: June 2020

À travers l’exemple d’un centre de formation continue, l’auteur fait apparaître le démantèlement de la transmission des métiers du travail social, mais aussi du droit à se former pour les professionnels. Comment faire pour résister et continuer à donner sens à la clinique au-delà des normes gestionnaires ?
Enjeux relationnels et conditions d’adaptation en détention
Authors: Hetté Jérôme
Published: June 2020

Vivre en prison au quotidien pour une personne détenue suppose un certain nombre d’adaptations et de stratégies relationnelles, vis à vis-des détenus comme des surveillants pénitentiaires. Le statut particulier de certains détenus ainsi que les aspects de la cohabitation en cellule dans des maisons d’arrêt surpeuplées sont abordés ici. Enfin, la prison est présentée comme lieu des paradoxes et des injustices.
Estudio experimental y simulación del comportamiento inelástico de paneles compuestos usando redes neuronales artificiales
Authors: Barreto Wilmer , Picón Ricardo
Published: June 2020

El análisis de estructuras complejas, como los paneles compuestos de varios materiales, es difícil de modelar producto de la variabilidad en las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales. Lo anterior, aunado a la no-linealidad en el comportamiento de los materiales, hace que la aplicación de los métodos tradicionales de cálculo numérico sea difícil y demande mayor tiempo de cómputo. El presente trabajo introduce técnicas menos convencionales de cómputo como lo son las redes neuronales artificiales (RNA) para la modelación de la deformación permanente y daños en una losa compuesta sujeta a flexión. Se entrenaron y verificaron 400 modelos de RNA, los cuales fueron capaces de modelar la no linealidad del elemento estructural a flexión, reproducir exitosamente los daños por agrietamiento y pandeo del panel, así como reproducir la deformación permanente global del elemento estudiado.
Determinación de la longitud de transferencia de alambres con distintos grados de corrosión en elementos pretensados de hormigón
Authors: Anaya P. , Rodríguez J. , Andrade C. , Martín-Pérez B. , López Hombrados C.
Published: June 2020

En elementos pretensados de hormigón, la adherencia entre el acero y el hormigón puede verse deteriorada por diferentes motivos, siendo uno de los más recurrentes el daño inducido por procesos de corrosión. El parámetro fundamental para caracterizar las propiedades adherentes existentes entre el acero pretensado y el hormigón es la longitud de transferencia. Este artículo compara los resultados experimentales obtenidos en ensayos sobre elementos pretensados tipo viga con las predicciones arrojadas por un modelo analítico, basado en la teoría de cilindros de pared gruesa y en la fisuración cohesiva del hormigón, desarrollado para analizar los procesos de degradación de la adherencia motivados por la corrosión en alambres lisos e indentados y su influencia en el comportamiento de elementos pretensados de hormigón.
Faux et usage de faux : la difficile émancipation de Saint-Sernin (xie-xiie siècles)
Authors: Pradalié Gérard
Published: June 2020

La grande affaire de la Réforme grégorienne à Toulouse (XIe-XIIe siècles) est la lutte de l’église Saint-Sernin pour obtenir son émancipation et celle du bourg vis-à-vis de l’évêque et de la cité. Dans cette lutte qui dure trois quarts de siècle, tous les coups – tous les faux – semblent permis.
Le bonheur d’écrire chez les clercs de la cour de Castille : le prologue en vers du Forum Conche
Authors: Arizaleta Amaia
Published: June 2020

Les hommes de la chancellerie castillane, à la fin du xiie siècle, composèrent des objets textuels qui répondaient à des modèles formels restreints et à des objectifs administratifs et politiques peu propices, en principe, à l’innovation. Ils s’arrangèrent cependant pour faire de ces espaces d’écriture le lieu d’architectures admirables, comme il arrive dans le prologue au Forum Conche. J’ai choisi d’analyser la partie en vers de cette pièce, qui témoigne sans aucun doute du bonheur ressenti par son auteur alors qu’il s’adonna à l’exercice de l’écriture stylistique.
Lightweight Concrete Manufacturing Technology Based on Waste Energy Raw Materials Alkaline-Activated
Authors: Nalewajko Marta
Published: June 2020

This article focuses on the compression strength of lightweight concrete based on alkaline-activated waste materials. The problem is important not only because of the possibility of disposal of excessive amount of building or industrial waste, but also because of the decreasing amount of natural aggregate deposits. Apart from the problem of the decreasing amount of natural aggregate deposits, there is also a problem related to the emission of greenhouse gases from cement production processes. It is estimated that the synthesis of alkaline-activated composites is twice as energy-intensive as the production of Portland cement and generates 4-8 times less carbon dioxide. Alkaline-activated concrete production can therefore lead to a significant reduction in environmental impact. The paper presents a thesis that there is a possibility of a monolithic combination of an alkaline activated mineral binder with an artificial ash-porbit aggregate, which will contribute to the improvement of the compression strength of light concrete based on alkaline activated energy waste materials and elimination of Portland cements.
The Effect of Alkalization Treatment on Fiber-Matrix Compatibility in Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite
Authors: Yuanita Evana , Husnil Yuli Amalia , Mochtar Myrna Ariati , Lailani Rahma , Chalid Mochamad
Published: June 2020

This work was aimed to investigate the effect of alkalization treatment on the fiber-matrix interfacial interaction and hence their compatibility. Kenaf fiber was treated using a 6% NaOH solution for 8 hours. The composites were produced by mixing the treated fiber with PP at various temperatures, duration, and fiber composition. Alteration on the surface chemistry of the fiber was identified by performing FTIR analysis. The surface energy of the treated fiber was mathematically derived from the contact angle measurement results. The compatibility level between treated fiber and PP matrix was visualized through FESEM analysis. Tensile strength tests were also conducted to obtain data necessary for exploring the relationship between the thermodynamic aspects of the fiber-matrix interfacial interaction and the mechanical properties of the composites. The FTIR spectra show that there was significant increase in the %transmittance at wavelength range of 3100-3600 cm-1 indicating that O-H groups were degraded during treatment. However, the polar component of the surface energy for treated fiber was instead higher compared to the untreated one. The SEM images show that there are no noticeable reduction in the size of the treated fibers as expected. On the other hand, the tensile strength of the PP-treated fibers composites reached its highest value when the matrix were loaded with fibers at the lowest percentage i.e. 5%.
Inverse Hybrid Laminate for Lightweight Applications
Authors: Osiecki Tomasz , Gerstenberger Colin , Timmel Tristan , Frankiewicz Mariusz , Dziedzic Robert , Scholz Peter , Kroll Lothar
Published: June 2020

Because of their high specific stiffness and strength, fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are preferred lightweight materials. Recent developments show a growing industrial interest in the integration of thermoplastic FRP in complex structures for high volumes. However, there are still shortcomings for these materials concerning the insufficient energy absorption in case of failure and the limited opportunities available for the assembly with other components. Improvements in the crash performance can be achieved for instance with the selective reinforcement of the FRP structure with ductile metallic inserts. The present study shows the interlaminar shear strength and scanning electron microscope (SEM) samples of a novel load optimized hybrid composite consisting of a continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic matrix, in which a metal core is integrated.
Iron/Sulfur Co-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes: Optimization of the Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Red under Visible Light
Authors: Lopez Edgar Clyde R. , Saputil Nicole Elyse B. , Loza Lance A. , Camiguing Fiona Fritz G. , Mopon Jr. Marlon L. , Perez Jem Valerie D.
Published: June 2020

Photoelectrocatalysis is a rapidly developing technology for degrading recalcitrant organic compounds in wastewater due to its ability to overcome electron-hole recombination. Herein, we synthesized Fe/S co-doped TiO2 nanotubes through an in-situ anodization technique. We developed a simple reduced quadratic model based on response surface modeling which can be used to adequately correlate the operating parameters with the photoelectrocatalytic performance of Fe/S-TiNTs in degrading phenol red. Predicted maximum dye degradation of 54.78% was achieved by the generated model using the optimized parameters: initial phenol red concentration = 5.22 mg L-1, applied voltage = 27.4 V, and dopant loading = 2.97 wt.%. Upon validation, experimental maximum phenol degradation of 53.24% was obtained, which agrees well with the predicted value within statistical significance. Overall, our model can be potentially used for process optimization within the design space studied.
Structural and Electronic Properties of B-Doped ZnO Monolayer
Authors: Tong Xin , Wen Jun Qing , Tian Peng Hui , Lei Yu Tian
Published: June 2020

The geometrical and electronic properties of B-doped ZnO monolayer with the concentrations of 12.5% and 25% have been calculated using the first-principles method. B-doped ZnO monolayer leads to the structural distortion around the doped atoms compared with the pure ZnO sheet. The B-B pair or two B-B pairs doped ZnO monolayer present nonmagnetic metal.
The New Method to Separate Stannum and Copper in the Process of Refining Tin
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liu Da Chun , Xiong Heng , Zhou Zhen Gen , Li Xu , Li Ling , Yang Bin , Gu Xu Peng , Wang Shuang Ping
Published: June 2020

As the ancient metal, Sn is widely used in all aspects of human life. Nowadays, S, as the vulcanizing agent, is used in the process of refining tin to separate Cu and Sn. However, there are few reports about the other agent of removing copper from stannum. In this study, SnS, a new sulfiding agent to separate Cu and Sn, was investigated. During the process, SnS replaces the combination of Sn and Cu. The variables considered in the experimental study were reaction temperature, time and the ratio of reactants. The experimental data indicated under certain conditions, the removal rate of Cu reach 94.3%. At last, we studied the vacuum reaction of Cu2S and Sn, results indicated that under appropriate conditions, the Cu is detected. The SnS is formed. And after the vacuum reaction, the SnS could be used recycling. This work presented a promising technology for separating Cu from tin.
Tribological Behavior of Co-WC Composite Coatings
Authors: Zhang Ya Gang , Sun Wan Chang , Ma Min , Tian Sha Sha , Liu Yu Wan , Xiao Yan , Xia Rui Kai
Published: June 2020

A novel Co-WC composite coating was deposited on the surface of high speed steel (HSS) substrate by an energy-efficient method of electrodeposition. The effects of process parameters on friction and wear properties of the composite coatings were evaluated, and the worn morphologies of Co-WC composite coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Results revealed that the incorporation of WC particles can significantly improve the wear resistance of the coating. As the current density was increased to 6.5Adm-2 and the WC concentration was increased to 35g/L, the Co-WC composite coating had the lowest friction coefficient and wear loss.
Effect of Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Process Parameters on Surface Properties of S30408 Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Sui Rong Juan , Qin Zhen Hua , Sun Lei Yu , Fang Cheng Bin , Chen Xiao Mei
Published: June 2020

S30408 austenitic stainless steel was treated by using hawking processing which is a type of ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP). The effects of USRP parameters on surface roughness, surface hardness and corrosion resistance were investigated. Compared with the untreated specimen, the surface roughness and surface hardness is decreased by 87%, the surface hardness is increased by 51% and the corrosion rate reduces after USRP. The surface roughness decreases obviously as the step-size decreases, while the step-size has little effect on the surface hardness and corrosion resistance.
Machinability and Delamination Studies on Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Cut by Abrasive Water Jet Machine
Authors: Prajwal H.V. , Wani Wasif Mumtaz , Murthy Madhav , Srinivas S.
Published: June 2020

Abrasive water jet machining possesses inherent technological and manufacturing advantages unmatched by most machine tools. They are generally used in automotive, marine and aerospace industries for machining of composites. However, abrasive water jet cutting of GFRP laminates possesses several challenges, such as surface finish and delamination of the cutspecimen. Henceforth, more experimental work is needed to provide sufficient machinability databases for manufacturing industries. This paper presents an experimental study for cutting GFRP laminates. Different AWJM conditions including pressure, traverse speed and abrasive flow rate are analyzed using full factorial design of experiments. Machining process responses such as surface roughness (Ra), top and bottom kerf width, kerf taper, delamination of fibers have been evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. The optimum process parameters for AWJM of glass fiber reinforced polymers have beensuggested.
Energy Consumption Prediction Model of SiCp/Al Composite in Grinding Based on PSO-BP Neural Network
Authors: Gu Peng , Zhu Chuan Min , Wu Yin Yue , Mura Andrea
Published: June 2020

As the typical particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite, SiCp/Al composite has low density, high elastic modulus and high thermal conductivity, and is one of the most competitive metal matrix composites. Grinding is the main processing technique of SiCp/Al composite, energy consumption of the grinding process provides guidance for the energy saving, which is the aim of green manufacturing. In this paper, grinding experiments were designed and conducted to obtain the energy consumption of the grinding machine tool. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) BP neural network prediction model was applied in the energy consumption prediction model of SiCp/Al composite in grinding. It showed that the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) BP neural network prediction model has high prediction accuracy. The prediction model of energy consumption based on PSO-BP neural network is helpful in energy saving, which contributes to greening manufacturing.
Comparative Study of Optical Silicon Nanomachining Experimental Results and MD Simulation Outputs
Authors: Abdulkadir Lukman N. , Abou-El-Hossein Khaled , Liman Muhammad Mukhtar
Published: June 2020

The high strength and good optical performance offered by optical grade silicon could be considered as the reason for its wide usage as optical materials in many industries including electronic, metrology, infrared (IR) optics and solar cells. Due to this, nanoscale manufacturing of these products requires superior quality and enhanced functional performance of the produced materials. Because recent studies have been focusing on correlating both surface and subsurface nature alterations with better functional performance, an MD study of the experiment was carried out in comparison with experiment to match the observed MD model features to the experimental result obtained. The MD study was observed to conform with the Ra result as obtained in the experiment.
The Effects of Alkalization on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Bamboo-Polypropylene Composite
Authors: Jamaludin Mohd Ariff , Bahari Shahril Anuar , Zakaria Mohd Nazarudin , Karim Nurul Aida Shahida
Published: June 2020

In this study, bamboo polymer composites (BPC) reinforced with bamboo fibers were produced and analyzed. The effect of alkalization on the mechanical and physical properties of the composites were determined. Three levels of bamboo fiber content (10%, 20% and 30%) of alkali treated and untreated bamboo fibers were considered. Six replications of each type of test specimens were prepared and investigated under bending, tensile, water absorption and thickness swelling tests. From the results, increase in fiber content and alkali treatment of the fibers improved the mechanical properties of BPC. The value of water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) increased as the fiber content was increased and also as the fibers were treated. The value of WA and TS of the BPC with treated bamboo fibers were higher than the values for the BPC with untreated bamboo fibers.
Contactless Chip Module Defect Reduction
Authors: Sawatsuphaphon Thunwarat , Chutima Parames
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted in a manufacturing company that produces integrated circuits for global customers. The purpose of this research was to reduce defect rate from the assembly department that affected to product lots on hold at the test department for the contactless chip module package which had an increasing product lots on hold rate of 9.5% in March 2019 based on the reject criteria V_limiter (REQA). The potential cause of defect came from die crack. In order to reduce defect rate, the 5 steps of DMAIC Six Sigma methodology were applied in this research to identify the root cause of the problem and establish effective actions. After the improvement, the product (lots) on hold criteria V_limiter (REQA) was reduced from 9.5% to 5.82% in July 2019.
Function and Regulation of Noncanonical Caspase-4/5/11 Inflammasome
Authors: Matikainen Sampsa , Nyman Tuula A. , Cypryk Wojciech
Published: June 2020

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes of the innate immune system that orchestrate development of inflammation by activating the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18. The LPS of Gram-negative bacteria have been shown to activate a novel, noncanonical inflammasome by directly binding in the cytosol to human caspase-4 and mouse caspase-11. Activation of noncanonical inflammasome exerts two major effects: it activates the NLRP3–caspase-1–mediated processing and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and induces the inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis, via gasdermin D. This previously unexpected cytosolic LPS sensing of the innate immune system provides critical hints for host response to Gram-negative bacterial infections and development of different inflammatory diseases. However, many of its molecular regulatory mechanisms are yet to be discovered. In this review, we provide comprehensive analysis of current understanding of intracellular LPS detection and pyroptosis via noncanonical inflammasome and discuss the recently proposed mechanisms of its function and regulation.
Outcomes of patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) admitted to the intensive care unit: Results from the Egyptian Surveillance Study 2010-2014
Authors: Abu Elhassan Usama E. , Mohamed Sherif A.A. , Rizk Magda S. , Sherif Mai , El-Harras Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Background: Few data exist for respiratory viral infections in Egyptian patients. We describe the outcomes of hospitalized Egyptian patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) admitted to the ICU. Methods: A prospective study in which all hospitalized patients meeting the WHO case definition for SARI and admitted to the ICU, during the period 2010–2014, were enrolled. Samples were tested using RT-PCR for influenza A, B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, bocavirus, enterovirus, and rhinovirus. Data were analyzed to study the clinical features of SARI-ICU patients and which pathogens are related to severe outcomes. Associated comorbidities were evaluated using Charlson Age-Comorbidity Index (CACI). Results: Of 1075 patients with SARI, 219 (20.3%) were admitted to the ICU. The highest rates were reported for RSV (37%). SARI-ICU patients had higher rates of hospital stay, pneumonia, respiratory failure, ARDS, and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified associated respiratory disorders (p=0.001), radiological abnormalities (p=0.023), and longer hospital stay (p=0.005) as risk factors for severe outcomes. Conclusions: This surveillance study showed that 20% of hospitalized Egyptian patients with viral SARI needed ICU admission. SARI-ICU patients had higher rates of hospital stay, pneumonia, respiratory failure, ARDS, and mortality. Higher comorbidity index scores, radiological abnormalities, and longer hospital stay are risk factors for severe outcomes in SARI-ICU patients in our locality.
Health-related quality of life in patients with breast cancer surgery and undergoing chemotherapy in Ahmednagar district
Authors: Kshirsagar Aishwarya Sunil , Wani Surendra Kiran
Published: June 2020

Background:

Breast cancer in India it varies from as low as 5 per 100,000 female populations per year in rural areas to 30 per 100,000 female populations per year in urban areas. Medical treatments of surgery, chemotherapy etc. for cancer usually precipitates with serious adverse effects affecting overall quality of life in physical, psychological and social aspects.

Objective of the Study:

To evaluate health related quality of life in patients who had been followed up after the breast cancer surgery for chemotherapy at our hospital.

Methods:

Quality of life was documented using European Organization of Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire-Cancer 30 (EORTC QOL-C30) and European Organization of Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire-Breast 23 (EORTC QOL-BR23).

Results:

After analysis of EORTC QOL-C30 questionnaire, participants had maximum affection of cognitive, social and physical functions and reported high levels of pain, fatigue and insomnia. Domains of EORTC QOL-BR23, the such as worry about self body image, sexual dysfunction, upset by hair loss, systemic therapy side effects, breast and arm symptom were reported by maximum participants. Various domains of quality of life were maximally affected in patients of breast cancer surgery undergoing chemotherapy. Health care professionals in the field of Oncology should address the above mentioned domains of quality of life in Indian patients with breast cancer surgery undergoing chemotherapy.

Conclusion:

Comprehensive cancer management plan should include psychological counseling, emotional support, physiotherapy care for pain and other musculoskeletal problems etc. along with medical treatment of patients with breast cancer.