bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Niat Beli Wanita terhadap Kosmetik Halal Berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
Authors: Fetrina Elvi , Utami Meinarini Catur
Published: September 2022

Indonesia merupakan salah satu pasar kosmetik yang cukup besar potensinya. Kosmetik dapat dikatakan halal jika produk kosmetik tersebut sudah memenuhi syarat kehalalan sesuai syariat Islam dan sudah disertifikasi MUI. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi sejauh mana wanita Indonesia khususnya para mahasiswi tertarik untuk membeli produk kosmetik halal. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswi baik yang muslim dan non-muslim di perguruan tinggi negeri maupun swasta di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan model dari framework Theory of Planned Behaviour yang sudah dikembangkan, dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan PLS-SEM dengan bantuan tools SMARTPLS untuk perhitungan data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan survey dengan melakukan penyebaran kuesioner secara tidak langsung kepada responden dengan bantuan googleform. Didapat hanya satu saja hipotesis dari delapan hipotesis yang dibuat ditolak karena terbukti tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Hipotesis yang ditolak tersebut yaitu variabel Subjective Norms terhadap Intention, karena didapat nilai koefisien regresi sebesar -0.079 dengan p-value sebesar 1.429. Sementara tujuh varibel lainnya yang terbukti berpengaruh signifikan dan diterima diantaranya adalah Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Perceived Value terhadap Intention dan Social Influence, Knowledge, Religiousity terhadap Attitude, serta Brand Value terhadap Perceived Value.
Prognostic value of the myeloperoxidase index for early prediction of neurologic outcome in acute carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Moon Joong Seok , Kim Sung Hwa , Cha Yong Sung
Published: September 2022

Objective Carbon monoxide (CO) activates intravascular neutrophils through platelet-neutrophil aggregates, which cause neutrophil degranulation. This process causes the release of myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteases, and reactive oxygen species. The MPO index (MPXI) is a newly reported inflammatory marker that reflects the MPO level within neutrophils. The MPXI in conditions associated with neutrophil activation depends on the net effect of azurophil degranulation. This study aimed to determine whether the MPXI can predict neurocognitive prognosis 1 month after acute CO poisoning.Methods We included patients aged ≥16 years with acute CO poisoning from a cohort at a single tertiary academic hospital in Wonju, Korea, between January 2010 and May 2021. Data from 699 patients were analyzed. The neurocognitive outcome was assessed using Global Deterioration Scale scores and classified as favorable (score, 1–3 points) or poor (score, 4–7 points). The MPXI was determined within 1 hour of arrival to the emergency department.Results Among the 699 patients, 52 (7.4%) showed poor outcomes. The median MPXI of the patients in the poor outcome group was higher than that of the favorable outcome group (0.85 vs. 0.2, P=0.189). However, a significant difference was not found between the favorable and poor outcome groups, and MPXI was not a significant variable in multivariate logistic regression.Conclusion The MPXI evaluated in the emergency department did not differ based on neurocognitive outcome at 1 month after acute CO poisoning.
The DEXA-SEPSIS study protocol: a phase II randomized double-blinded controlled trial of the effect of early dexamethasone in high-risk sepsis patients
Authors: Choi Kihwan , Park Jong Eun , Kim Anhye , Hwang Sojung , Bae Jinkun , Shin Tae Gun , Kim Kyuseok
Published: September 2022

Objective Steroids are used in cases of sepsis, especially in patients experiencing septic shock. However, clinical trials to date have reported contradictory results. Different patient endotypes and variations in the type and dose of steroid may be at fault for this discrepancy, and further investigation is warranted. In this paper, we propose a new DEXA-SEPSIS study design.Methods We plan to conduct a multicenter, double-blinded randomized pilot study (DEXA-SEPSIS) investigating the feasibility and safety of early use of dexamethasone in sepsis. Participants will be high-risk septic patients presenting to the emergency department with a systolic blood pressure of <90 mmHg or serum lactate level of >2 mmol/L. Participants will be randomized to the following three groups: control, 0.1 mg/kg of dexamethasone, or 0.2 mg/kg of dexamethasone per day for 1 to 2 days. The primary outcome will be 28-day mortality. Secondary outcomes will include time to septic shock, shock reversal, additional steroid administration, number of ventilator-free days, use of continuous renal-replacement therapy, length of stay in the intensive care unit and/or hospital, delta Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score on days 3 and 7, superinfection, gastrointestinal bleeding, hypernatremia, and hyperglycemia.Discussion The DEXA-SEPSIS study will provide insight regarding the feasibility and safety of early use of dexamethasone in high-risk sepsis. The results could provide data to design a future phase III study.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05136560
Credit Card Profitability
Authors: Bord Vitaly M. , Adams Robert , Katcher Bradley
Published: September 2022

Credit cards are one of the most ubiquitous consumer financial products in the United States, with more than 75 percent of households owning at least one general purpose credit card in 2019. According to the G.19 Consumer Credit Statistical release, revolving consumer credit, which mainly consists of credit cards and related plans, stood at over one trillion dollars at the end of 2021.
The coming long-run slowdown in corporate profit growth and stock returns
Authors: Smolyansky Michael
Published: September 2022

Over the past two decades, the corporate profits of stock market listed firms have been substantially boosted by declining interest rate expenses and lower corporate tax rates. This note's key finding is that the reduction in interest and tax expenses is responsible for a full one-third of all profit growth for S&P 500 nonfinancial firms over the prior two-decade period.
Decentralized Finance (DeFi): Transformative Potential & Associated Risks
Authors: Carapella Francesca , Dumas Edward , Gerszten Jacob , Swem Nathan , Wall Larry
Published: September 2022

Decentralized finance (DeFi) refers to a set of newly emerging financial products and services that operate on decentralized platforms using blockchains to record and share data. DeFi products and services are conducted without a trusted central intermediary such as a bank, and they include payments, lending and borrowing, trading and investments, capital raising (crowdfunding), and insurance. An important innovation that allowed for the development of DeFi was the growth of programming capability on blockchains. This innovation allows for the creation of computer code called smart contracts that can be invoked by users without going through a centralized intermediary. DeFi may pose financial stability risks, that are exacerbated by the fact that both are currently largely outside the prudential regulatory perimeter, which we discuss.
The Rise of Nonbanks and the Quality of Financial Services: Evidence from Consumer Complaints
Authors: Degerli Ahmet , Wang Jing
Published: September 2022

We show that as nonbanks' market share increases in a local residential mortgage market, the quality of mortgage services in the market improves. Two instrumental variable analyses exploiting (1) stress tests conducted by the Federal Reserve, and (2) mortgage industry surety bonds required by each state confirm this finding. We find evidence that as nonbanks grow their market share, they develop a specialty in servicing lower-income borrowers and increase investment in technology, leading to improved service quality. This improvement in service quality is more salient in counties with a higher percentage of minority populations.
Afrika-oraliteit by Eugène Marais: die wisselwerking tussen enkele “Sangedigte” en Dwaalstories
Authors: Van Niekerk Jacomien
Published: September 2022

In this article I analyse the criticism surrounding two songs from a well-known collection of oral prose narratives told by a San performer, transcribed by the white Afrikaans author Eugène Marais and published as Dwaalstories (Wandering tales) first in 1921 as magazine stories and then in 1927 as a book. The songs, “Die towenares” (The sorceress) and “Hart-van-die-dagbreek” (Heart-of-the-daybreak), both form part of the oral prose narrative “Die Reënbul” (The Rain Bull). Designating these lyrical texts as ‘songs’ is a conscious choice, considering that they have been interpreted as poems ever since Marais extracted them from the Dwaalstories and included them in his collected poems in 1925 and later collections. My argument is that these lyrical texts function in the same way in “Die Reënbul” as songs do in most oral prose narratives (or, folktales) from Africa. Their designation as poems hashowever resulted in attempts at analysis in which their oral origin is ignored, misunderstood, or undervalued. One such study is the text-immanent ‘structural analysis’ performed by Merwe Scholtz. I briefly critique a few other studies about (the songs in) “The Rain Bull”, finding that while they are more sophisticated than that of Scholtz, there are still significant inaccuracies. Though the scope of my article is limited, I also make the case for a context-driven interpretation of all the songs contained in the Dwaalstories.
’n Geskiedenis van Afrikaans as kerktaal: van altaar tot kansel
Authors: De Vries Anastasia
Published: September 2022

This contribution shines a critical light on the representation of Afrikaans as a language of the Church in external histories about the development and advancement of the language, inclusive histories particularly. It seems the history of Afrikaans within a Christian or Church context has escaped the critical attention which since the 1970s created awareness of the politicisation of and silences in the history, and the way in which the history is documented. Therefore, the history of Afrikaans as a language of the Christian faith is still told from an exclusively white Reformed perspective and held as a 20 th century phenomenon, despite research pointing to its usage in the Moravian Church (Genadendal) in the 18 th century and the Anglican Church in the 19 th century. Though various denominations are included in so-called inclusive histories, it is done in a manner that suggests the dominance of the white Reformed Churches. These conclusions were primarily drawn from a content analysis of two inclusive histories, subjecting them to the same penetrating, sceptical questions of decades ago, focused primarily on the representation of Afrikaans as a language of the Church. For this purpose, the inclusive histories were analysed within the framework of poststructuralist tendencies which shifted the focus to historiography as a function of power, a meaning-making practice and history as a construct, not a reconstruction of the past. As such it creates space to imagine alternatives to the dominant discourse. To this end, the attention is drawn to the mobilisation of Afrikaans in the Roman Catholic Church since the 1820s as an alternative history of a spoken Afrikaans praying at the altar long before it was formalised and allowed to ascend the pulpit in the Reformed Churches since 1916.
Vanden vos Reynaerde se transformasie tot Reinaard die Jakkals
Authors: Bosman Nerina , Stander Jan
Published: September 2022

The legacy of the Middle Dutch epic Vanden vos Reynaerde and the many ways in which we still see traces of Reynaert the fox and his companion, Iesegrim the wolf, in Afrikaans, are discussed in this article. The indestructible fox gets a second life under the Southern Cross, perhaps most notably in the many tales about Jackal and Wolf which are well known as part of a shared oral heritage by white and Khoi speakers of Afrikaans. Our focus is not these stories, however, but rather the following question: does the Reynaert of the epic indeed live on in Afrikaans literature? We argue that the epic itself and its literary heritage has not received as much attention as did the stories of the sly jackal and the gullible, even dim-witted, wolf. These extremely short stories do not exhibit the carefully planned structure, sharp social commentary and ruthless exposing of human weaknesses as does the epic. In our opinion, the only text in which the medieval epic itself functions as intertext, is in the brilliant adaptation by Eitemal. Eitemal created a story which is in many ways so different from the Dutch Reinaert, that it truly is a story written on African soil. In the Eitemal text, the sly fox becomes a typical Afrikaans crook—and what’s more, he is a villain who is not foreign to modern readers due to his essentially human character. In Reinaard die Jakkals the intrepid, extremely cruel but also clever fox lives on.
The world is a bar: Fiston Mwanza Mujila’s writing beyond ‘Africa’
Authors: Gehrmann Susanne
Published: September 2022

Taking recent debates on ‘How to write Africa’ in general and the allegations of sexism in Fiston Mwanza Mujila’s novel Tram 83 in particular as a starting point, I analyze three texts by the Austria-based Congolese author in this article. Considering the scope of each text, namely Tram 83 (2014), the play Zu der Zeit der Königinmutter (The Times of the Queen Mother, 2018), and the latest novel La danse du vilain (The Dance of the Villain, 2020), shifting images and meanings of gender dichotomies are explored alongside Mujila’s aesthetic literary devices. The article is structured around the omnipresent setting of bars that develop from a disputable ‘African’ bar in Tram 83 to a radically global bar in Zu der Zeit der Königinmutter and to referentially set bars of Central Africa’s postcolonial history in La danse du vilain. I argue that recurrence of the bar as a focal lieu of mingling people in Mujila’s writing underlines its function as satirical microcosm that goes beyond a realistic representation of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Multilayered cultural references in Tram 83 and Zu der Zeit der Königinmutter construct the setting into a worldly space whereas La danse du vilain privileges a historical approach. As further pointed out, the metatextual level that is woven into the texts comments on the difficulty of the adequate representation of ‘Africa’ and the pitfalls of the global literary market place.
Evolution des critères médicaux de la mort
Authors: BAZIN Jean-Etienne
Published: September 2022

Les critères du diagnostic de la mort ont évolué au cours de l’histoire de l’Homme. Cette évolution est allée de pair avec des changements de valeurs sociétales. Pendant longtemps, la mort survenait sur les lieux de vie du patient entouré de ses proches et des représentants religieux. Mourir à l’hôpital était un signe d’indigence et de solitude. L’arrêt de la respiration et de la circulation étaient les critères d’affirmation du décès. Pour autant, ce diagnostic était parfois incertain. La mort s’est progressivement médicalisée. L’essor des techniques de réanimation a fondamentalement bousculé les frontières de la mort, aboutissant à la notion de mort encéphalique. Cette évolution fait distinguer la mort de la personne et la mort biologique. On meurt de plus en plus à l’hôpital ou en institution, loin de tout ce qui était notre vie. Cette mort en milieu hospitalier renforce la sensation d’une toute puissance médicale sur le moment et les conditions de celle-ci. Le médecin doit déclarer non plus une réalité irréfutable, mais l’irréversibilité d’un processus qui peut être remis en cause par les techniques de réanimation. L’élargissement pour des raisons utilitaristes des critères de prélèvements d’organes à des patients en impasse thérapeutique, peut faire craindre la notion de mort sociale ouvrant la voie à l’euthanasie et au suicide assisté.
Discours d'enseignants face aux situations palliatives en milieu scolaire ordinaire
Authors: FLAHAULT Cécile , SONRIER Marie , FAWER CAPUTTO Christine , EL HAIK-WAGNER Nicolas
Published: September 2022

Les enfants et adolescents en situation palliative aspirent parfois à poursuivre leur scolarité en milieu ordinaire, une expérience qui les socialise avec leurs pairs et leur permet d’être tournés vers les apprentissages, la vie et l’espoir. Si la scolarisation des élèves malades à l’hôpital ou à domicile est désormais bien établie, cette scolarisation en milieu ordinaire, qui peut être accompagnée par les équipes de soins palliatifs pédiatriques, constitue un impensé des politiques éducatives. Cette étude qualitative en psychologie explore les représentations a priori de 18 enseignants relativement à cette situation spécifique et les difficultés envisagées et ressources qu’ils penseraient mobiliser. Derrière une situation imaginée comme douloureuse et difficile, pour laquelle une collaboration ville-hôpital est vivement souhaitée, c’est la confrontation de la communauté scolaire au mourir qui est interrogée. Des interventions participatives avec des soignants de soins palliatifs pédiatriques et des enseignants partenaires, déjà confrontés à de telles situations dans leur classe, pourraient aider à sensibiliser les enseignants, tout en témoignant de la cohésion et des solidarités que ces projets de scolarisation pourraient contribuer à créer.
Aider à vivre la maladie mortelle et (re)(sur)vivre après le décès
Authors: GARRIC Nathalie , PUGNIÈRE-SAAVEDRA Frédéric , RANNOU Pauline
Published: September 2022

Cette contribution propose une analyse de la mise en mots de la mort dans un corpus d’entretiens longitudinaux menés auprès d’aidants de malades diagnostiqués Alzheimer (Projet Accmadial), c’est à dire dans le contexte spécifique du vieillissement et de la dégénérescence neuronale. Dans le cadre d’une analyse du discours indicielle et par une méthodologie quantitative (lexicométrique) et qualitative, on montre que la référence à la mort, très faible et euphémisée dans l’ensemble du corpus, est actualisée et conceptualisée progressivement au cours de la maladie et au fur et à mesure des pertes capacitaires du proche malade. La mort est tenue à distance par le maintien d’une normalité quotidienne qui est ponctuée de « petites morts », minimisées, jusqu’à la non reconnaissance de l’aidant et de ses proches, qui peut déclencher le souhait d’une mort clinique comme seule issue, désormais moralement acceptable, malgré la résistance biologique. L’entrée en EHPAD, lieu associé à un « mouroir », constitue une étape cruciale de ce parcours. Elle n’est que difficilement acceptée par l’aidant une fois la lucidité du proche perdue mais doit rester un espace de mort naturelle où le malade est préservé et accompagné jusqu’au dernier souffle, sans défaillance de l’activité d’aidance.
Dispositif d’écriture à l’intention des soignants autour des souhaits de fin de vie
Authors: GAUDIER Isabel
Published: September 2022

Cette contribution rend compte d’une recherche qualitative portant sur la création d’un dispositif d’écriture à l’intention de soignants paramédicaux autour de l’accueil et de l’expression des souhaits de fin de vie. Partant de la narration de la vie avec la maladie recueillie au fil de la pratique auprès de malades à domicile ou en unités de soins palliatifs, puis de récits produits par des orthophonistes intervenant auprès de personnes en fin de vie, nous questionnons la contribution de la mise en récit à la création d’un cadre éthique du « prendre soin d’autrui ». Les résultats de cette étude apportent des matériaux bruts dans trois thèmes : - l’importance d’écouter et de réagir aux textes des collègues est constructive de l’identité du soignant, - vivre un dispositif d’écriture est susceptible de prévenir les vulnérabilités multiples des soignants en termes d’épuisement émotionnel, d’ambivalence, de déconsidération, - la mise en récit et la coordination des témoignages des parties prenantes du soin contribue à inscrire les humanités au cœur de la santé. Considérant cela, la perspective d’étendre ces dispositifs narratifs à la formation professionnelle continue des paramédicaux et à la formation initiale des étudiants en santé est envisagée.
Approche éducative de la mort pendant l’enfance et l’adolescence
Authors: LABRELL Florence , PÊCHEUX Marianne
Published: September 2022

Issu des domaines de la psychologie développementale et des sciences de l’éducation, l’article vise à défendre l’idée d’une complexité de la compréhension de la mort et de son approche pédagogique et éducative. Après avoir présenté le développement de la compréhension de la mort, les expériences de l’enfant ou de l’adolescent (perte d’un proche, adulte ou pair) seront évoquées, de même que les influences parentales et culturelles (au travers des rituels funéraires par exemple). Les résultats de recherches relatives aux échanges sur la mort à l’école seront ensuite présentés, notamment ceux d’une enquête récente réalisée en France dans le contexte de la situation sanitaire de Covid 19. Ces résultats mettent tous en évidence le fait que les enseignants considèrent que l’école a un rôle à jouer au niveau de l’éducation à la mort. La dernière partie de l’article engage une réflexion éducative et pédagogique basée sur plusieurs dispositifs existant et propose des pistes d’amélioration tant dans l’enseignement que dans l’accompagnement de la mort dans le contexte scolaire. Ainsi, grâce à des formations inexistantes jusqu’ici, les professionnels de l’enseignement pourraient-ils être mieux outillés pour accompagner les élèves et faire-face eux-mêmes aux situations de deuil (d’un parent d’élève, d’un enseignant, d’un élève ou d’une personne connue), qui sont loin d’être exceptionnelles.
Enjeux pédagogiques de la collaboration entre soins palliatifs et soins curatifs
Authors: PROD'HOMME Chloé , LE BERRE Rozenn
Published: September 2022

Introduction : l'intégration des soins palliatifs (SP) précoces en onco-dermatologie (OD) s'est transformée lors de l’avènement de l’immunothérapie dans la prise en charge du mélanome métastatique. Les soignants ont construit un modèle de collaboration en contexte d’incertitude. Cette étude explore les leviers et les freins des apprentissages des soignants dans l’accompagnement d’un patient en fin de vie. Méthode : étude qualitative basée sur des focus groupes de soignants pluridisciplinaires et de chercheurs en éthique clinique. Ils ont analysé ensemble des cas cliniques vécus. Analyse par thématique du verbatim. Résultats : l’équipe de SP avait un objectif de formation à la démarche palliative en intervenant en OD. Pourtant, il existait des freins à l’apprentissage, notamment du fait d’un évitement de la confrontation au sujet de la mort par l’équipe d’OD. Des compétences pouvaient être transmises aux individus, mais le besoin de soutien était persistant. Par ailleurs, la prise en charge palliative précoce entraînait un mouvement pédagogique de déconstruction des représentations de ce que pouvaient être les SP, explicitant des enjeux identitaires. Conclusion : la méthodologie d’éthique clinique a pu être le moteur d’apprentissages pour ces deux équipes autour de la prise en charge d’un patient en fin de vie.
L’acceptabilité perçue du suicide médicalement assisté
Authors: MUNOZ SASTRE Maria teresa , MULLET Etienne
Published: September 2022

La question de savoir si les médecins doivent intervenir pour mettre fin à la vie des patients en phase terminale a toujours été controversée. Des études examinant les circonstances dans lesquelles des personnes non-expertes considèrent le suicide médicalement assisté comme acceptable, et utilisant un même ensemble de scénarios réalistes, ont été menées dans sept pays aux cultures très différentes : la Colombie, la France, l'Inde, le Koweït, la Roumanie, le Togo et la Turquie. Les scénarios décrivant la condition des patients comprenaient des informations sur l'âge du patient, le degré d'incurabilité de sa maladie, le type de souffrance et la mesure dans laquelle le patient demande une procédure de fin de vie. Une analyse en cluster globale a révélé neufs positions qualitativement différentes parmi les participants. La plupart des participants ne se sont pas montrés opposés, par principe, au suicide assisté. Les facteurs d'acceptabilité les plus importants sont l'âge avancé du patient et la demande répétée du patient. Le principe dominant qui guide les opinions des participants est la non-malveillance (en particulier, ne pas compromettre la possibilité d’une vie éternelle). Ce principe est, d’un pays à l’autre, progressivement supplanté par les principes de bienveillance, d'autonomie et de justice à mesure que les croyances religieuses s’estompent.
Le rôle des enseignants dans la lutte contre l’homophobie en milieu scolaire
Authors: VADELL MARTÍNEZ Julián , DARLINGTON Emily
Published: September 2022

L’homophobie se définit comme le préjudice contre les individus non-hétérosexuels. Ces attitudes peuvent causer frustration, des pires scores en santé mentale, et une plus grande consommation de drogues. Si les parents sont les principaux responsables de l’éducation à la sexualité, c’est dans l’école où elle se déroule le plus souvent. Cette recherche prétend déterminer la forme selon laquelle les valeurs, les connaissances, les pratiques sociales et la formation des enseignants pourraient influencer l’inclusion de la prévention de l’homophobie dans les cours d’éducation à la sexualité impartis chez les collégiens. Une étude qualitative ayant comme outil des entretiens semi-directifs s’est déroulé avec dix enseignants du second degré d’un collège à Saint-Étienne. On observe que les professeurs qui enseignent dans le domaine de l’éducation à la sexualité et en ce qui concerne l’homophobie, n’ont pas reçu de formation sur le sujet et qu’il existe une grande méconnaissance des outils disponibles. C‘est aux professionnels de la santé et du milieu sociale à qui est confiée la responsabilité de la donner. Faire face à l’homophobie est une responsabilité partagée des éducateurs, parents, et professionnels de la santé. Elle doit être intégrée dans tout programme scolaire du second degré, en plus des interventions pour éviter les risques liées au mal-être des étudiants.
Rituels funéraires dans les sociétés contemporaines
Authors: WAMBA André
Published: September 2022

L’étude des mutations et transformations des rituels funéraires oppose, depuis un certain temps, deux types de discours : l’un, ancré dans la tradition, et l’autre, dans la modernité. Le premier reproche au traitement moderne de la mort la tendance à la désymbolisation des rituels funéraires et à la déritualisation de la mort. Le second dénonce chez le premier les contraintes et obligations sociales trop exigeantes qu’impose les traditions culturelles aux endeuillés et l’intention d’utiliser les rituels funéraires pour réédifier le tissu des relations sociales fragilisées par la mort et la montée en puissance de l’individualisme. Mais aucun des deux discours n’évoque et ne discute de l’existence d’un possible lien entre les modes de traitement traditionnel et moderne de la mort. À partir d’une observation des rituels funéraires en pays bamiléké et de la littérature scientifique sur le sujet au Québec, l’article se propose de comparer les rituels funéraires dans les deux sociétés, afin d’en relever les aspects invariants ; ceux qui se sont transformés ; et ceux qui ont changé.
Analysis of cardiac manifestation and treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Krasic Stasa , Ninic Sanja , Prijic Sergej , Popovic Sasa , Pasic Srdjan , Petrovic Gordana , Zec Boris , Ristic Snezana , Nesic Dejan , Nikolic Luka , Vukomanovic Vladislav
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular manifestations are common (35–100%) in the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Our study aimed to analyze treatment impact and cardiovascular involvement in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The retrospective cohort included 81 patients treated between April 2020 and December 2021 (9.3±4.6 years). Elevated cardiac troponin I and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were observed in 34.2% and 88.5% of patients, respectively. Myocardial dysfunction was observed in 50.6%. Children older than 10 years had a 4-fold increased risk of myocardial dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-8.9; p=0.006). A moderate negative correlation was proved between left ventricle ejection fraction and C-reactive protein (rr = - 0.48; p < 0.001). More than one-fifth of the patients presented with shock. Coronary artery dilatation was observed in 6.2% of patients. Mild pericardial effusion was detected in 27.1% of children. On standard electrocardiogram, 52.6% of children had negative T waves in the inferior and/or precordial leads; transient QTc prolongation was registered in 43% of patients. Treatment failure was observed in 19 patients. Patients initially treated with intravenous immunoglobulins had 10-fold higher chances for treatment failure than patients treated with corticosteroids (OR 10.6, 95% CI 3,18 – 35.35; p < 0.001). Cardiovascular manifestations were observed in more than half of the patients, with acute myocardial dysfunction being the most common, especially in children older than 10 years. We established a negative association between the degree of elevation of inflammatory markers and left ventricular ejection fraction. Patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulins who had cardiovascular manifestations had treatment failures more frequently than patients treated with corticosteroids.
Antiproliferative and Antiprostate Cancer Activities of Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Cyclohexane-1,4-dione
Authors: Abdo Nadia Y. Megally , Mohareb Rafat Milad
Published: September 2022

2-Amino-6-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (3) was prepared from the reaction of cyclohexane-1,4-dione with elemental sulfur and malononitrile in 1,4-dioxane and triethylamine as catalyst. The latter compound reacted with triethyl orthoformate and either malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate in 1,4-dioxane in the presence of triethylamine to produce 4H-thieno[2,3-f]chromene derivatives 10a,b. In addition, fused pyran and pyridine derivatives were synthesized starting from compound 3. The cytotoxicities of the synthesized compounds were studied using the six cancer cell lines together with c-Met kinase and PC-3 cell line. The most active compounds were tested against five tyrosine kinases and Pim-1 kinase, most of which showed strong inhibition, encouraging further work.
Superparamagnetic Tragacanth Coated Fe3O4@SiO2 Nanoparticles for the Loading and Delivery of Metformin
Authors: Farajian Fereshte , Hashemi Payman
Published: September 2022

A novel superparamagnetic nano-composite of Fe3O4@SiO2 coated by tragacanth gum (TG) as a natural product has been prepared. The obtained SiO2@Fe3O4@TG nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analyzer. The magnetic nano-composite was applied for the loading and delivery of metformin, an oral diabetes medicine. The conditions for the loading of the drug were optimized by a central composite design optimization method. The maximum loading efficiency of the sorbent for metformin was obtained at pH 7 and its maximum in-vitro release was achieved at pH 1.6, using a phosphate-buffered saline medium. The loading capacity of the sorbent was dependent on the initial metformin concentration and exceeded to 19.6 mg/g in a 200 mg/L solution. A study of the adsorption isotherms for the drug indicated the best fitting into the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms at the low and high metformin concentrations, respectively. The results indicated that the prepared Fe3O4@SiO2@TG adsorbent, as a non-toxic and low-cost sorbent, was quite appropriate for drug delivery applications.
Investigation of Biological and Prooxidant Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles
Authors: Ivanova Iliana A. , Pavlova Elitsa L. , Kostadinova Aneliya S. , Toshkovska Radostina D. , Yocheva Lyubomira D. , El-Sayed Kh , Hassan Mohamed A. , El-Zorkany Heba El-Sayed , Elshoky Hisham A.
Published: September 2022

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials offer some promising antibacterial effects. In this study, a new form of ZnO is synthesized, named ZnO nanocluster bars (NCs). Herein, ZnO NCs, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO coated with silica (ZnOSiOA, ZnO-SiOB), and SiO2 NPs were prepared, characterized, and their antimicrobial and prooxidant activity were tested. The prooxidant activity of all nanomaterials was studied according to free-radical oxidation reactions (pH 7.4 and pH 8.5) in chemiluminescent model systems. Each form of new synthesized ZnO nanomaterials exhibited a unique behavior that varied from mild to strong prooxidant properties in the Fenton`s system. ZnO NPs and ZnO NCs showed strong antibacterial effects, ZnO-SiOA NPs did not show any antibacterial activity representing biocompatibility. All tested NMs also underwent oxidation by H2O2. ZnO NCs and ZnO NPs exhibited strong oxidation at pH 8.5 in the O2 –. generating system. While, SiO2, ZnO-SiOA and ZnO-SiOB possessed pronounced 60–80% antioxidant effects, SiO2 NPs acted as a definitive prooxidant which was not observed in other tests. ZnO NCs are strongly oxidized, assuming that ZnO NCs provide a slower release of ZnO, which leads to having a stronger effect on bacterial strains. Thus, ZnO NCs are an important antibacterial agent that could be an emergent replacement of traditional antibiotics.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Investigation of Mesomorphic Properties of a New 2,5-Bis-(4-alkanoyloxybenzylidene)cyclopentan-1-one
Authors: Kshash Abdullah Hussein , Al-Asafi Omar Jamal Mahdi , Salih Hanaa Kaen
Published: September 2022

A new set of cyclopentanone chalcone esters 2,5-bis-(4-alkanoyloxybenzylidene)cyclopentan-1-one (B2–B10) has been synthesized and monitored by TLC. Structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy were used to evaluate their transition temperatures and mesophase properties (POM) throughout heating and cooling scans. The thermal data indicate that the compounds B5–B10 have mesomorphic properties with thermal stabilities; the data also reveal that the compounds B6–B10 are monotropic, whereas B5 is enantiotropic. B6, B7, and B9 only have a nematic phase, but B8 and B10 have a smectic phase followed by a nematic phase, and B5 only has a smectic phase. In addition, the study reveals that the inclusion of an acyl group as a terminal chain had the opposite effect on isotropization temperatures for compounds B6, B8, and B10, resulting in an increase in transition temperatures and a decrease in mesophase stability. The lack of a smectic phase in B7 and B9 compounds could be attributed to the narrow phase temperature range, which makes examination difficult, or to the molecules’ lack of lateral attraction.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking Studies and ADME Prediction of Some New Albendazole Derivatives as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Şenkardeş Sevil , Kulabaş Necla , Küçükgüzel Ş. Güniz
Published: September 2022

A series of novel 2-(substituted arylidene)-N-(5-(propylthio)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)hydrazine-1-carboxamide derivatives 3a–i were synthesized via condensation of N-(5-(propylthio)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) hydrazinecarboxamide (2), with the corresponding ketone or aldehydes. The chemical structures of the compounds prepared were confirmed by analytical and spectral data. The compounds were screened for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and all of them showed better inhibition than acarbose, except 3h. In particular, compound 3a proved to be the most active compound among all synthetic derivatives having IC50 value 12.88 ± 0.98 μM. Also, molecular docking studies were carried out for the compounds to figure out the binding interactions. Compound 3a has exhibited the highest binding energy (ΔG = –9.4 kcal/mol) and the most hydrogen bond interactions with active sites. Eventually, in silico studies were in good agreement with in vitro studies.
Nickel Removing by Electrocoagulation of Ni(II)-NH3-CO2-SO2-H2O System. Kinetics, Isothermal, Mechanism and Estimated Cost of Operation
Authors: Vargas Armando Rojas , Medina Margarita Penedo , Vives Alba González , Barka Noureddine , Riverón Aymara Ricardo
Published: September 2022

This study reports nickel removing by electrocoagulation of Ni(II)-NH3-CO2-SO2-H2O system at laboratory scale. Experiments were done using Al/Al pair electrodes at initial nickel concentration between 293 and 1356 mg L–1 and under operation parameters of pH 8.6, current density 9.8 mA cm–2, electrolysis time 30 min, and temperature 60 °C. The obtained results show removal efficiencies between 97.7 and 99.7%. Kinetics modeling suggested combined effects of external diffusion and nucleation, and as controlling step the chemical reaction and a possible autocatalytic contribution. The process followed the Langmuir´s isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 7519 mg g–1. ICP-OES, XRD and FTIR characterization of the precipitates indicated a typical Ni-Al layered double hydroxide structures with 33.4–40.7% nickel and 6.3–7.0% aluminum depending on initial nickel concentration. The operation costs of energy and electrode consumption were 320–537 $ t–1 of removed nickel.
Decolorization of Direct Black 22 by Photo Fenton like Method Using UV Light and Zeolite Modified Zinc Ferrite: Kinetics and Thermodynamics
Authors: Findik Serap
Published: September 2022

In this study, a heterogeneous catalyst was prepared to enhance photo-Fenton like oxidation of Direct Black-22 (DB-22). Zeolite modified with zinc ferrite was used as a catalyst. The prepared catalyst was characterized using FTIR, SEM, EDS and XRD. The effect of various parameters like catalyst modification with HCl, H2O2 amount, catalyst amount, CaCl2 amount, initial pH, initial concentration and temperature on the decolorization of DB-22 was studied under UV light. Kinetic and thermodynamic properties were investigated. The highest decolorization of DB-22 was found to be 93.3% under the following conditions: initial concentration: 0.070 g/L, initial temperature: 25 °C, original pH, H2O2 amount: 2.78 g/L, m-ZZF amount: 3 g/L, CaCl2 amount: 3.75 g/L, reaction time: 60 min and UV light. The activation energy was found to be –14.76 kJ/mol under the studied conditions. The decolorization reaction was an exothermic reaction, and the calculated reaction enthalpy was –17.31 kJ/mol. The activation entropy was calculated to be –0.326 kJ/mol. The standard Gibbs free energy change of the activation had a positive value, and it increased with increasing temperature.
The Predictive Value of Oxidative Stress Index in Patients with Confirmed SARS-COV-2 Infection
Authors: Osredkar Joško , Pucko Sara , Lukić Milica , Fabjan Teja , Božnar Alič Elizabeta , Kumer Kristina , Martin Rodriguez Maria , Jereb Matjaž
Published: September 2022

Disbalance balance between oxidants and antioxidants is called oxidative stress and could be presented as oxidative stress index (OSI). OSI is determined by the reactive oxygen metabolites test (d-ROM test) to assess oxidants and the plasma antioxidant capacity test (PAT test) to measure antioxidants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of OSI in the disease COVID-19. d-ROMs results were the highest in the SARS-CoV-2 POSITIVE group (365+/-112), lower in the SARS-CoV-2 NEGATIVE group (314+/-72.4), and the lowest in an INTENSIVE CARE UNIT group (ICU) (277+/-142) U.Carr. PAT test values were the lowest in the SARS-CoV-2 POSITIVE group (2762+/-387), higher in the ICU group (2772 +/-786), and the highest in the SARS-CoV-2 NEGATIVE group (2808+/-470), and are not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05), while OSI was: healthy with average value of 49 and the critical ill with average value of 109 (P = 0.016). Cut-offs for predicting ICUs admission was at OSI 62, with 80.0% sensitivity and 68.2% specificity.
Ternary Transition Metal Complexes with an Azo-Imine Ligand and 2,2’-Bipyridine: Characterization, Computational Calculations, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activities
Authors: Serbest Kerim , Dural Turan , Kızıl Demet , Emirik Mustafa , Zengin Ali , Dinçer Barbaros
Published: September 2022

New mononuclear ternary transition metal complexes: [M(HL)(bipy)2]ClO4, (M: Mn(II) for 1, Ni(II) for 2), [M(HL) (bipy) (ClO4)], (M: Ni(II) for 3, Cu(II) for 4, Zn(II) for 5) with M(II), 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-4-[-phenyldiazenyl] phenol, H2L, and 2,2’-bipyridine were synthesized, and their structures were investigated by using various analytical, spectroscopic techniques such as elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, NMR, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, thermal analysis. The theoretical studies were performed by DFT techniques by using B3LYP function with 6-311++G (d, p)/ LanLD2Z basis set. The electronic transitions charters of the complexes were further analyzed by TD-DFT/CAM-B3LYP method. IR and thermal analysis data verify the proposed structures. The inhibition activities of the complexes against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) extracted from Ricania simulans adults and nymphs were examined and all the complexes were found to be active. Among the complexes studied, the highest inhibition activity was exhibited by complex 5 with the lowest IC50 value (3.2 ± 0.8 μM) for AChE of adults and complex 3 with the lowest IC50 value (4.6 ± 0.8 μM) for AChE of nymphs.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Urease Inhibition of Mononuclear Copper(II) and Nickel(
Authors: Jiang Jian , Liang Peng , Yu Huiyuan , You Zhonglu
Published: September 2022

Three mononuclear copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes, [Cu(L1)(NCS)(CH3OH)] (1), [Cu(L2)(NCS)] (2) and [Ni(L2) (N3)] (3), where L1 and L2 are the monoanionic forms of the Schiff bases N’-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)picolinohydrazide (HL1) and 4-methyl-2-(((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)imino)methyl)phenol (HL2), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The Cu atom in complex 1 is in a square pyramidal coordination, with the three N atoms of the ligand L and the N atom of the thiocyanate ligand in the basal plane, and with the methanol O atom at the apical position. The Cu and Ni atoms in complexes 2 and 3 are in square planar coordination, with the three donor atoms of the Schiff base ligands and the terminal N atoms of thiocyanate and azide ligands. Complexes 1 and 2 inhibit the Jack bean urease with IC50 value of 0.33 ± 0.12 and 0.39 ± 0.10 μmol L–1, respectively. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the interaction between the complexes and the enzyme.
Electroanalytical Determination of Ziram by Differential Pulse Voltammetry with Reduced Graphene Oxide/Gold Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Aslan Nazife , Ocak Sema Bilge , Gökmen Uğur
Published: September 2022

The preparation of gold nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide-based sensor materials for the determination of zinc(II) dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram) is described in this paper. The graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using a modified Hummer’s method. A composite sensor consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was electrochemically fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode. The nanocomposite was evaluated utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry was used to illuminate the modified sensor’s electrochemical properties at each stage of the modification. The suggested sensor was demonstrated good analytical performance to determine ziram pesticide in water and peach juice, including a very low detection limit, a large linear range, and a low RSD.
Environmentally Friendly Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Rosa canina L. fruits Using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as Green Extraction Media
Authors: Koraqi Hyrije , Qazimi Bujar , Çesko Cengiz , Trajkovska Petkoska Anka
Published: September 2022

In this study, the green extraction of bioactive compounds from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) fruits and their antioxidant activity were investigated. An ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with deep eutectic solvents (DES) was used for this purpose. Deep eutectic solvents based on citric acid were specially designed. Namely, hydrogen bond donor (HBD) such as glycerol and ethylene glycol as well as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) like citric acid were used. After choosing the best option of DES, for extraction of the bioactive ingredients, optimal extraction conditions of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction have been optimized through Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM). Total phenolics content (TPC), total anthocyanins content (TAA), and antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) have been found as 103.37 mg GAE/g DW in DES2, 92.23 mg GAE/g DW in DES1, 3.25mg C3G/100g-DW in DES2, 1.31 mg C3G/100g-DW in DES1, and 101.85% inhibition in DES2, 94.32%. The results of this study showed that this method is a competitive sustainable, green, and effective extraction of bioactive compounds from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) fruits.
Syntheses, Characterization and Crystal Structures of Dicyanamide Bridged Polynuclear Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with Urease Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Zhang Li , Gu Yuqing , Feng Xinhui , Yang Ting , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Jing , You Zhonglu
Published: September 2022

A pair of structurally similar dicyanamide bridged copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes [CuL(dca)]n (1) and [ZnL(dca)]n (2), were prepared from the fluorine containing Schiff base 5-fluoro-2-(((2-hydroxyethyl)imino)methyl)phenol (HL). The compounds were characterized by physico-chemical methods. Structures of the complexes were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Cu atom in complex 1 is in square pyramidal coordination, whereas the Zn atom in complex 2 is in trigonal bipyramidal coordination. The copper complex has effective Jack bean urease inhibitory activity, with IC50 value of 0.14 ± 0.12 μmol L–1.
Auxin-induced (AID) protein degradation in drosophila larvae v1
Authors: Jullien Denis
Published: September 2022

The present protocol describes how to operate the auxin degradation system in drosophila larvae.The auxin-induced degradation, also referred to as AID, is an efficient targeted protein degradation system widely used in many model organisms. Thanks to the fact that fast degradation is triggered once a small molecule, the auxin, is added to the cell environment, a tight temporal control of the loss of a protein of interest can be achieved. This unique control of when the proteolysis is triggered allows to study the precocious consequences of the loss of function. Importantly, the implementation of this protocol requires genetically modified flies that express the auxin-dependent F-box protein TIR1, usually under the control of the UAS/Gal4 system to achieve a spatial control of the degradation, and in which the AID degron has been inserted (typically using CRISPR) to the coding sequence of the gene of interest. The problem raised by the use of the AID system in drosophila larvae, as in all the metazoans that have thick tegument, is the penetration of the auxin to each indidual cell of the organism. Here we present a non-invasive strategy based on the ingestion by the larva of a nutritive medium that contains auxin. We detail how to prepare the auxin containing food, handle the larvae, and which food container to use. Our method allows a fast degradation in the imaginal discs, as early as 30 minutes after the larvae were transfered to the auxin containing medium, with little inter-individual difference.