bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mniej greckości w Grecji, czyli kto z kim ma kłopot?
Authors: Jakimowicz-Ostrowska Iwona
Published: February 2022

Less Greek Identity in Greece or Who Has a Problem with Whom?This article is one of many voices in the continuing debate about Greece as a nation and as a member of the European Union. It emphasises the following facts: characteristics of Greece’s relationship with the state and the citizen, understanding of the European Union and Greece’s role in the organisation, difficulties in the dialogue between Brussels and Athens. Due to the diversity and complexity of the issues presented, the troublesome relationship between Greece and its European partners has not been explored in full here.The aim of this article is to demonstrate the Greek point of view on current affairs as well as to show the difference in wider public opinion towards Greek politics. Consequently, this article invites discussion about Greek public affairs and allows the reader to acknowledge the very different Greek attitude towards political actions performed by the European Union institutions and politicians.
Pamięć o wojnie, wojna o pamięć. Pamięć społeczna o wojnie w Algierii w relacjach pomiędzy Francją a imigrantami algierskimi
Authors: Kubera Jacek , Skoczylas Łukasz
Published: February 2022

The Memory of War, the War of Memory: Social Memory of the War in Algeria in Relations Between France and the Algerian ImmigrantsThe year 2012 marks the 50th anniversary of the official end of the Algerian war. The memory of this conflict and other events in France which accompanied it is still alive in French society. After many years of oblivion and lack of interest from the highest authorities, this conflict once again becomes the subject of great controversy and heated debate. The disputes focus on the four groups: the French born in Algeria, the Algerians cooperating with the French troops during the war, the other Algerian immigrants and, finally, the former military personnel serving in Algeria. Each group has its own perspective of the events, whereas the politicians try to exploit the memory of the war in the ongoing disputes concerning the integration of the immigrants and the riots in the suburbs. All of this means that even after 50 years the issue of the Algerian war is still evoking new conflicts.
Konferencja „The Image of Russia in the Balkans”
Authors: Raszewski Jacek
Published: February 2022

Conference report: “The Image of Russia in the Balkans”, Warsaw, 7–9 November 2011Sprawozdanie: Konferencja „The Image of Russia in the Balkans”, Warszawa, 7–9 listopada 2011
Jakość etniczności
Authors: Lenkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

The Quality of EthnicityReview of: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Etniczność sp. z o.o., trans. Wojciech Usakiewicz, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 2011. (Original work: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Ethnicity, Inc., Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press 2009.) Jakość etnicznościRecenzja: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Etniczność sp. z o.o., tłum. Wojciech Usakiewicz, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 2011. (Praca oryginalna: John L. Comaroff, Jean Comaroff, Ethnicity, Inc., Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press 2009.)
Stoking the Flames: A Community Cultural Wealth Analysis of Black Parents’ Engagement in an Empowerment Organization
Authors: Budhai Stephanie Smith , Lewis Grant Kristine S.
Published: February 2022

While parent involvement has been shown to have positive academic outcomes for their children, for structural changes to be made, parents have to go from being active to taking on a more activist role, thus “stoking the flame” of the norm. Parent advocacy and empowerment groups play a vital role in the transformation of parent activists, yet their contributions are often overlooked in the literature on parent involvement. Using Yosso’s Community Cultural Wealth Framework, findings from this qualitative study examine how a parent empowerment group embraced the cultural assets and strengths of Black parents, served as the spark to engage them in the educational reform process, and built a platform for them as activists. This research expands conceptualizations of parent involvement to include activism and asserts parent advocacy and empowerment groups as vital stakeholders in educational change.
Hypocalcaemia – A rare complication of ileostomy
Authors: Sharma Vikrant , Cheema Prabhjot , Kaushik Robin , Singh Simrandeep
Published: February 2022

Hypocalcaemia is an uncommon complication of ileostomy. We present one such case where significant symptoms only resolved on reversal of the ileostomy.
Gender differences in citation sentiment: A case study in life sciences and biomedicine
Authors: Dehdarirad Tahereh , Yaghtin Maryam
Published: February 2022

In this study, we investigated whether female and male authors in the field of life sciences and biomedicine differed in their tendency for citation and citation sentiment. The data comprised two sets, cited set and citing set. Cited set comprised 17,237 articles whereas citing set comprised 115,935 articles. The cited set which is from the area Life Sciences & Biomedicine and published during 2012–2016 was retrieved from the Web of Science Medline. The citing set and its citation contexts were retrieved using the Colil database. The analysis was done using a combination of homophily analysis, regression analysis and a chi-square test. The covariates in the regression analyses were features related to authors, journal, institution, country and abstract readability. The homophily analysis showed a significant tendency for female (8%) and male (14%) authorship teams to cite papers by the same gender composition teams. In addition, the results of regression analysis (Model 1) and pairwise comparisons showed that male-authored papers received a significant higher positive sentiment compared with female-authored papers. The results of regression analysis (Model 2) showed a small significant positive association between gender similarity of cited and citing authorship teams and the sentiment score. However, further analysis using the chi-square test showed a significant lower tendency for women to use positive terms when citing the research findings of papers with the same gender composition. Men, in contrast, used significantly more positive terms when citing papers with the same gender composition. Finally, lay summary for a cited paper, country similarity and the venue of cited publication when it was a mega journal had a positive significant association with the sentiment score received.
Exploring the topic evolution of Dunhuang murals through image classification
Authors: Zeng Ziming , Sun Shouqiang , Li Tingting , Yin Jie , Shen Yueyan , Huang Qian
Published: February 2022

Dunhuang is a unique art treasure and a world heritage site. In order to organise and manage Dunhuang cultural heritage resources, this article studies the classification of Dunhuang murals in different dynasties, and explores the topic distribution characteristics and evolution rules of them. First, image features are extracted through scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) and Canny and scale-invariant feature transform (CSIFT), a visual dictionary is generated through the k-means clustering algorithm, and the term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) vector is calculated and combined with the colour feature vector extracted via hue, saturation and value (HSV). Second, Dunhuang mural images are collected and the support vector machine (SVM) classifier is built. Finally, the knowledge graph-based topic maps are constructed, and graph theory is introduced to analyse the topic distribution and evolution of Dunhuang murals in different dynasties. The results show that the Dunhuang murals of different dynasties can be effectively classified through the bag of words, HSV and support vector machine (BOW_HSV_SVM) based on their visual features. Through topic maps, the topic distribution characteristics and evolution rules of Dunhuang murals with the dynasties are revealed.
Fire retardancy, thermal, and physico-mechanical properties of semi-rigid water-blown polyurethane foam from palm oil-based polyol
Authors: Dzulkifli Mohd Haziq , Yahya Mohd Yazid , Majid Rohah A.
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the experimental work undertaken to assess rigid palm oil-based polyurethane (PU) foam. The bio-composite foam was characterized to determine its foaming kinetics and morphology, as well as fire retardancy, thermal, and mechanical responses, which was later compared with its petrochemical-based counterpart. The palm oil-based foam displayed poor fire-retardancy performance based on Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) and UL-94 Vertical Combustion Test. Although less char residue was produced, the palm oil-based PU foam exhibited higher onset degradation temperatures, indicating improved thermal stability. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed finer cell sizes for the bio-based foam and a higher fraction of open cell structures, which affected its density and compressive properties. As a conclusion, the palm oil-based PU foam is a viable alternative to be utilized in low load-bearing and thermal environment applications.
The ‘incomplete’ failure of political Islam: The Justice and Development Party and the Freedom and Justice Party as case studies
Authors: Magued Shaimaa
Published: February 2022

How would Islamists succeed to sustain their rule in spite of their lack of an Islamic blueprint for governance? I draw on an original fieldwork study conducted in Turkey and Egypt from 2010 to 2013 to advance a theory linking Islamists’ rule sustainability and political leverage vis-à-vis the state establishment. In contrast with post-Islamism, the results contended that Islamists sustain their rule if they have a high political leverage based on the adoption of a three-fold strategy comprising identification, differentiation, and alliance mobilisation. Based on 45 open-ended and semi-structured interviews conducted with members of Turkey’s Justice and Development Party and Egypt’s Freedom and Justice Party, findings significantly hold in authoritarian and hybrid regimes in the Middle East.
The predictive significance of fluctuations in early maternal sensitivity for secure base script knowledge and relationship effectiveness in adulthood
Authors: Eller Jami , Magro Sophia W , Roisman Glenn I , Simpson Jeffry A
Published: February 2022

Attachment theory suggests that both the quality and consistency of early sensitive care should shape an individual’s attachment working models and relationship outcomes across the lifespan. To date, most research has focused on the quality of early sensitive caregiving, finding that receiving higher quality care predicts more secure working models and better long-term relationship outcomes than receiving lower quality care. However, it remains unclear whether or how the consistency of early sensitive care impacts attachment working models and adult relationship functioning. In this research, we utilized data from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation to examine to what extent the quality (i.e., mean levels) and consistency (i.e., within-person fluctuations) in behaviorally coded maternal sensitive care assessed 7 times from 3 months to 13 years prospectively predicts secure base script knowledge and relationship effectiveness (i.e., interpersonal competence in close relationships) in adulthood. We found that larger fluctuations and lower mean levels of early maternal sensitivity jointly predict lower relationship effectiveness in adulthood via lower secure base script knowledge. These findings reveal that nonlinear models of early caregiving experiences more completely account for relationship outcomes across the lifespan, beyond what traditional linear models have documented. Implications for attachment theory and longitudinal methods are discussed.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Total Cost of Ownership between Electric Two-Wheelers and Motorized Two-Wheelers from an Indian Perspective
Authors: Patil Mallikarjun , Bandhu Majumdar Bandhan , Kumar Sahu Prasanta
Published: February 2022

A comparative assessment of the total cost of ownership (TCO) is necessary to quantify overall costs and assess the economic viability of electric two-wheelers (E2W) compared with motorized two-wheelers (M2W). In this regard, TCO models specifically for two-wheelers were developed in this study to compare the TCO of E2W and M2W under the prevailing market conditions. The TCO model has four cost components, namely, acquisition costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, and resale value. The TCO was calculated considering a 10-year assessment period with 2021 as the base year. The available E2W and M2W alternatives in the Indian market were classified into low-performance (Category A) and high-performance (Category B) two-wheelers based on their power output and acceleration characteristics. The TCO estimates were also evaluated for three different average daily distances traveled ( ADDT): 10 km/day, 30 km/day, and 50 km/day. The results revealed that the TCO estimates for E2W vary from ₹0.67/km for an ADDT of 50 km/day for Category A E2W during the base year condition to₹7.66/km for an ADDT of 10 km/day for Category B E2W at the end of the assessment period. Further, the payback periods for different scenarios were also estimated and compared. The acquisition and battery replacement costs are critical factors for potential users of E2W, and act as a significant barrier to the widespread adoption of E2W in India. Finally, it can be concluded that E2W are an economically viable alternative compared with M2W, with payback periods ranging from one year to eight years in the Indian context.
Overactive bladder medication: Anticholinergics versus mirabegron by specialty
Authors: Sripad Abhishek A , Raker Christina A , Sung Vivian W
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

The primary aim of this study was to identify high prescribing specialties of overactive bladder (OAB) medications for Medicare Part D beneficiaries, and describe prescribing trends by specialty from 2013 to 2017. The secondary aim was to compare the proportion of medication claims by medication class in each specialty.

Methods:

We used the Medicare Part D Provider Public Use File to identify the four highest prescribing specialties from 2013 to 2017. We then compared patterns of OAB medication prescription for beneficiaries over 65 years of age between specialties. The number of medication claims, cost, and region were considered. OAB medications were classified as anticholinergic or mirabegron for additional comparison. The primary outcome was the number of OAB medication claims, and the secondary outcome was the proportion of mirabegron claims of all medication claims.

Results:

Primary care providers (PCPs), urology, obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYNs), and other specialties prescribed the most OAB medications. Total claims increased from 4.06 million in 2013 to 4.51 million in 2017. Mirabegron increased from 65,520 to 892,996 claims. PCPs prescribed the most OAB medications. Urologists had the highest proportion of mirabegron prescribing (19.6%), with an increased odds of mirabegron prescribing compared to OBGYNs (aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.16–1.19). Compared to OBGYNs, PCPs, and other specialties demonstrated decreased odds of prescribing mirabegron (aOR 0.92 with 95% CI 0.91–0.93, and aOR 0.90 with 95% CI 0.88–0.91, respectively).

Conclusion:

In Medicare Part D beneficiaries, PCPs prescribed the most OAB medications between 2013 and 2017. Urologists were most likely to prescribe mirabegron.
Predicting Impact of Prone Position on Oxygenation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Bell Jacob , William Pike C. , Kreisel Charles , Sonti Rajiv , Cobb Nathan
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Prone positioning is widely used in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19; however, the specific clinical scenario in which the individual is most poised to benefit is not fully established. In patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, how effective is prone positioning in improving oxygenation and can that response be predicted?

Design

This is a retrospective observational study from two tertiary care centers including consecutive patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19 from 3/1/2020 – 7/1/2021. The primary outcome is improvement in oxygenation as measured by PaO2/FiO2. We describe oxygenation before, during and after prone episodes with a focus on identifying patient, respiratory or ventilator variables that predict prone positioning success.

Setting

2 Tertiary Care Academic Hospitals

Patients

125 patients mechanically ventilated for COVID-19 respiratory failure.

Interventions

Prone positioning

Main Results

One hundred twenty-five patients underwent prone positioning a total of 309 times for a median duration of 23 hours IQR (14 – 49). On average, PaO2/FiO2 improved 19%: from 115 mm Hg (80 – 148) immediately before proning to 137 mm Hg (95 – 197) immediately after returning to the supine position. Prone episodes were more successful if the pre-prone PaO2/FiO2 was lower and if the patient was on inhaled epoprostenol (iEpo). For individuals with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (PaO2/FiO2 < 100 prior to prone positioning) and on iEpo, the median improvement in PaO2/FiO2 was 27% in both instances.

Conclusions

Prone positioning in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 is generally associated with sustained improvements in oxygenation, which is made more likely by the concomitant use of iEpo and is more impactful in those who are more severely hypoxemic prior to prone positioning.
Jewish Bathhouse Attendants as Key Figures for the Identification and Referral of Women in Distress: Contributors to Role Perception
Authors: Zanbar Lea , Mintz-Malchi Keren , Orlin Efrat
Published: February 2022

Social workers often rely on non-professional community figures to identify and refer at-risk populations. One such figure is the Jewish “balanit” (plural: balaniyot), who assists women at the mikveh, a religious bathhouse for monthly purification. Mental health symptoms can come to light in this unique situation. This quantitative study drew on the feminist perspective and concept of the “moral third” to explore factors contributing to balaniyot's role perception regarding distressed women. Israeli balaniyot ( N  =  166) completed self-report questionnaires assessing the role perception of aiding distressed women, and independent variables relating to commitment and connectedness to the victims (organizational commitment, years of experience, workdays), and acknowledgment of suffering (knowledge of distress situations, beliefs about violence toward women). Hierarchical regression showed that more weekly workdays, higher community belonging, and greater knowledge of distress situations contributed to role perception. Moreover, among participants with low community belonging, organizational commitment was associated with lower role perception. The findings suggest that organizational commitment may conflict with community belonging, requiring balaniyot to choose between them. The study indicates the need for specialized training to increase balaniyot's knowledge of distress situations and ensure that their organizational commitment is not strengthened at the expense of their crucial capability to aid distressed women.
Effect of de-sizing on the structural and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites molded by the novel direct fiber feeding injection molding technology
Authors: Ahmed Khalil , Qin Xiaohong , Pang You , Shao Yuanyi , Islam Syed R , Yang Yuqiu , Hamada Hiroyuki , Yu Lichao
Published: February 2022

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are rapidly emerging as alternative materials for auto parts due to recyclability, excellent stiffness, and strength to weight ratio. In the present study, the influence of carbon fiber de-sizing on the structural and mechanical properties of the sized and de-sized Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene (CFPP) composites molded by the recently developed novel Direct Fiber Feeding Injection Molding technology was studied. The effect of carbon fiber de-sizing on the structural properties was studied from the fiber dispersion status, fiber orientation factor, fiber volume fraction, and the fiber length. The surface morphology of the sized and de-sized carbon fibers was studied from the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope images. The static mechanical properties were studied based on the tensile tests at different loading rate and temperature. The Dynamic Mechanical Analysis tests were conducted to analyze the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of the sized and de-sized CFPP composites. The SEM images were used to observe the failure mechanism. The preliminary results indicated that de-sized composites had better fiber dispersion as compared to the sized CFPP composites. It was found that de-sizing the carbon fiber surface does not significantly affect the carbon fiber length, fiber volume fraction, and fiber orientation in the CFPP composites. Also, the de-sized composites showed better static and thermodynamic mechanical properties caused by the enhanced fiber matrix interaction in CFPP composites as compared to the sized CFPP composites.

[Formula: see text]
Corrosion behaviors and electrochemical mechanisms of laser-cladded NiCrAlMo/nano-CeO2 composite coatings in chloride-enriched environments
Authors: Haixiang Chen , Wang Kun
Published: February 2022

Q235 steel is a low-cost material widely applied in modern industrial constructions. However, electrochemical degradation is the main drawback for its applications in chloride-enriched environments. To address this problem, NiCrAlMo and NiCrAlMo + 2 wt% nano-CeO2 composite coatings were laser-cladded on Q235 steel substrates. Characterization methods were used to investigate the microstructures, corrosion behaviors, and electrochemical mechanisms of the obtained coatings. The results showed that adding nano-CeO2 is conductive for removing residual gas pores and for refinement of grains, effectively improving the passive and electrochemical properties of the NiCrAlMo coating in both chloride-enriched solutions. Furthermore, the NiCrAlMoCeO2 composite coating exhibits a significantly reduced icorr of 0.4919 µA cm2 and an increased resistance ( Rp) of 175,310 Ω cm2 in a neutral solution, demonstrating the good anti-corrosion properties for its application in marine engineering structures.
Correlation between objective and subjective tests for vehicle ride comfort evaluations
Authors: Ali Böke Tevfik , İsa Albak Emre , Kaya Necmettin , Bozkurt Rasim , Ergül Murat , Öztürk Doğan , Emiroğlu Sinan , Öztürk Ferruh
Published: February 2022

One of the most important criteria that vehicle customers take into consideration when buying vehicles is ride comfort. Ride comfort is determined in two different ways, called objective and subjective methods. This research presents an approach for subjective and objective evaluations of vehicle ride comfort through road tests. In this study, first, reliable driver evaluation for subjective tests is made and tests are performed with these reliable drivers. Correlation between objective and subjective test results is achieved for different vehicle types and road groups and software is developed to evaluate subjective ride comfort by using objective test data acquired from the vehicle. This software is intended to be used instead of subjective tests in future vehicle development studies.
Reliability of mangrove radiocarbon chronologies: A case study from Mahé, Seychelles
Authors: Sefton Juliet , Woodroffe Sarah , Ascough Philippa , Khan Nicole
Published: February 2022

Mangrove sediments are valuable archives of paleoenvironmental and relative sea-level changes. The most widely applied method to obtaining chronologies of past changes in mangrove sediments is radiocarbon dating, because mangroves produce large amounts of organic matter in situ. However, there are many challenges to obtaining reliable radiocarbon chronologies because bioturbation processes from roots and crabs can rework mangrove sediments, resulting in ages that are not in stratigraphic order. Previous studies have suggested that methods that isolate specific sediment size fractions may yield ages closer to the age of the paleo depositional surface by removing younger carbon contamination from fine roots. This study examines which sample types are more likely to yield reliable radiocarbon ages using shallow cores from a mangrove environment on Mahé, Seychelles, in the Indian Ocean. We compare radiocarbon ages from bulk sediment, sieved organic concentrates and above-ground macrofossils collected from the same stratigraphic depths. Bulk sediment and organic concentrate ages are comparable, which suggests that methods that separate out different size fractions do not sample different carbon sources in Seychelles mangrove cores. Identifiable above-ground macrofossils are rare in Seychelles mangrove cores, but yield older radiocarbon ages than comparable bulk sediment or organic concentrate ages. We suggest that in Seychelles, limited accommodation space over the late-Holocene, determined by relatively stable relative sea levels, has resulted in poor preservation of above-ground macrofossils for radiocarbon dating due to low rates of burial and sediment accretion. Low accretion rates have likely resulted in a mangrove sediment sequence that is highly bioturbated and degraded, meaning both bulk sediment and organic concentrate samples are impacted by contamination from younger roots. We argue that the availability of accommodation space and sediment composition controls the reliability of mangrove radiocarbon chronologies, which has implications for sample choice and site selection.
A micromechanical approach to the mechanical characterization of 3D-printed composites
Authors: Sayyidmousavi Alireza , Fawaz Zouheir
Published: February 2022

Aiming for the development of experimentally validated computational models to predict the mechanical properties of 3D-printed composites, the present study proposes a micromechanical approach by using a simplified unit cell model to characterize the material properties and behavior of 3D-printed composites manufactured through fused deposition modeling. The effective properties of the voided polymer matrix phase of the material are computed by calculating the void density as a tensorial meso-structural variable. These effective properties along with those of the fiber are input into a simplified micromechanical model to predict the material properties of the 3D-printed composite. The predictions are seen to be in very good agreement with the experimental values. The present approach is much simpler and less computationally costly compared to the finite element homogenization method. In addition, the present approach has the potential to simulate the response of the 3D-printed composite under different loading conditions.
Give art market regulation a chance
Authors: Mosna Anna
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the extension by Directive (EU) 2018/834 of new compliance obligations to art market participants against the background of a criminological examination of different types of laundering operations occurring in the art market. It highlights how this sector is a potential hub for ‘traditional’ money laundering operations as well as the target of antiquities trafficking which potentially finances other illicit activities such as terrorism. The relevance of an often-overlooked laundering phenomenon – cleansing operations of illegally sourced art that can be defined as art laundering – is stressed. In assessing whether introducing an anti-money laundering and counterterrorism financing regime into the art market can be considered a proportionate intervention, the burden on stakeholders due to compliance obligations, on the one hand, and the need to protect values endangered by laundering and trafficking involving art, on the other is evaluated. In light of the incidence of art crimes, in particular of art laundering, and of the potential for the new rules to effectively prevent these activities due to a relatively low risk of displacement, the conclusion reached is that the interests of supra-individual values, including that of cultural heritage, outweigh the economic concerns of art market actors.
Mediating Role of Hope Between Social Support and Self-Management Among Chinese Liver Transplant Recipients: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Dan , Zhang Nannan , Chang Hui , Shi Ying , Tao Zijun , Zhang Xu , Miao Qi , Li Xiaofei
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate the common status of self-management in liver transplant recipients and to explore the mediating role of hope in the relationship between social support and self-management. Two hundred and ten liver transplant recipients from two tertiary hospitals were included. Questionnaires were used for general demographic information, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Herth Hope Index, and the Self-Management Questionnaire for Liver Transplantation Recipients. Lifestyle management of liver transplant recipients was good, while the communication with physicians, cognitive symptom management, and exercise dimensions were less than satisfactory. Minimal assurance of family and education levels were significantly associated with self-management. Social support was positively correlated with self-management and hope ( r = .31, p < .01; r = .40, p < .01). Hope was positively correlated with self-management ( r = .39, p < .01). Additionally, the effect of social support on self-management was partially mediated (β = .17, p < .01) by hope. The proportion of mediation of hope was 40.09%. Therefore, well-designed interventions that boost both social support and hope may help improve self-management behavior in liver transplant recipients.
Neurobehavioral and Clinical Comorbidities in Epilepsy: The Role of White Matter Network Disruption
Authors: Stasenko Alena , Lin Christine , Bonilha Leonardo , Bernhardt Boris C. , McDonald Carrie R.
Published: February 2022

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder associated with alterations in cortical and subcortical brain networks. Despite a historical focus on gray matter regions involved in seizure generation and propagation, the role of white matter (WM) network disruption in epilepsy and its comorbidities has sparked recent attention. In this review, we describe patterns of WM alterations observed in focal and generalized epilepsy syndromes and highlight studies linking WM disruption to cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities, drug resistance, and poor surgical outcomes. Both tract-based and connectome-based approaches implicate the importance of extratemporal and temporo-limbic WM disconnection across a range of comorbidities, and an evolving literature reveals the utility of WM patterns for predicting outcomes following epilepsy surgery. We encourage new research employing advanced analytic techniques (e.g., machine learning) that will further shape our understanding of epilepsy as a network disorder and guide individualized treatment decisions. We also address the need for research that examines how neuromodulation and other treatments (e.g., laser ablation) affect WM networks, as well as research that leverages larger and more diverse samples, longitudinal designs, and improved magnetic resonance imaging acquisitions. These steps will be critical to ensuring generalizability of current research and determining the extent to which neuroplasticity within WM networks can influence patient outcomes.
Some entropy-related properties of thermoelastic materials
Authors: Khoeini Ali , Imam Ali
Published: February 2022

Non-classical thermoelastic materials are studied in the framework of continuum thermodynamics. Using “Part I” of the second law of thermodynamics in the classical formulation of continuum thermodynamics, the existence of the entropy function for various classes of non-classical thermoelastic materials is established. Also, a function known as the internal rate of production of entropy is defined for the classical and non-classical thermoelastic materials and is subsequently used to obtain a balance law for the entropy. Finally, using the Clausius inequality as “Part II” of the second law of thermodynamics, some results regarding the constitutive response functions for the thermoelastic materials are obtained.
Serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Quimby Jessica M , Lorbach Sarah K , Saffire Ashlie , Kennedy Amanda , Wittenburg Luke A , Aarnes Turi K , Creighton Karina J , Jones Sarah E , Paschall Rene E , King Emily M , Bruner Clara E , Wallinger Jessica N , van Haaften Karen A
Published: February 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to assess serum concentrations of gabapentin in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) vs clinically healthy cats.

Methods

Five healthy cats were enrolled in a pharmacokinetic study. A single 20 mg/kg dose of gabapentin was administered orally and blood was obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 h via a jugular catheter. Serum gabapentin concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed. The same five healthy cats plus 25 cats with stable International Renal Interest Society stage 2 (n = 14) and 3 (n = 11) CKD were enrolled in a limited sampling study. Cats in both groups received a single 10 mg/kg dose of gabapentin, and serum gabapentin concentrations and compliance scores were obtained 3 and 8 h post-administration.

Results

Cats with CKD had significantly higher dose-normalized serum gabapentin concentrations than normal cats at 3 h ( P = 0.0012 CKD vs normal 10 mg/kg; P = 0.008 CKD vs normal 20 mg/kg) and 8 h ( P <0.0001 CKD vs normal 10 mg/kg; P <0.0001 CKD vs normal 20 mg/kg). Both 3 and 8 h dose-normalized serum gabapentin concentrations were significantly correlated with serum creatinine (3 h: P = 0.03, r = 0.39; 8 h: P = 0.001, r = 0.57) and symmetric dimethylarginine (3 h: P = 0.03, r = 0.41; 8 h: P = 0.007, r = 0.48). There was a significant correlation between 3 h serum gabapentin concentrations and compliance scores ( P = 0.0002, r = 0.68).

Conclusions and relevance

Cats with CKD that received 10 mg/kg of gabapentin had significantly higher dose-normalized serum concentrations than normal cats that received 20 mg/kg, supporting the need to dose-reduce in this patient population.
Functional Roles and Targets of COVID-19 in Blood Cells Determined Using Bioinformatics Analyses
Authors: Sohn Eun Jung
Published: February 2022

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global epidemic with a high mortality rate. In this study, our goal was to identify the function and associated targets of SARS-CoV-2 from circulating monocytes in the blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) dataset of patients with COVID-19.

Methods:

The Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE164805 and GSE180594) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed using the DAVID database.

Results:

Gene ontology analysis of DEG revealed that GSE164805 and GSE180594 were involved in the regulation of cell migration, upregulation of cell proliferation, and in the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of GSE164805 revealed that the DEGs were enriched in peroxisome, melanogenesis, and actin regulation. Peroxisome genes were highly expressed in patients with mild and severe COVID-19. Bioinformatics analysis to compare GSE180594 and public data for the single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with COVID-19 showed that interferon-associated genes were highly increased in acute COVID-19 PBMC and in CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes from patients with COVID-19.

Conclusions:

We comprehensively analyzed the blood cell gene expression profile data of patients with COVID-19 using bioinformatics methods to preliminary understand the functions and associated targets of DEGs in the blood cells of these patients. Thus, our data provide targets for potential therapies against COVID-19.
Prevalence, Presentation and Outcomes of Silent Hypoxemia in COVID-19
Authors: Ribeiro Amélia , Mendonça Mauro , Sabina Sousa Cláudia , Trigueiro Barbosa Miguel , Morais-Almeida Mário
Published: February 2022

Dyspnea is reported in a minority of patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Even patients with pneumonia can present hypoxemia without any respiratory distress, a phenomenon known as “silent” or “happy hypoxemia”. During the current pandemic there were only a few studies conducted on this subject and these were quite heterogeneous. Therefore, the prevalence of “silent hypoxemia” varied substantially. While studies did not show a clear tendency of “silent hypoxemia” to poorer outcomes compared to hypoxemia presenting with dyspnea, several showed that patients with “silent hypoxemia” are not protected from poor outcomes either. There is a need for a uniform definition of “silent hypoxemia”, in order to better guide clinicians and investigators. More studies are needed to shed light on the mechanisms of “silent hypoxemia”, as well as its presentation and influence in the disease's progression and outcomes, so as to better assist physicians in the care of COVID-19 patients.
Virtual reality in retirement communities: Technology acceptance and tourist destination recommendation
Authors: Sancho-Esper Franco , Ostrovskaya Liudmila , Rodriguez-Sanchez Carla , Campayo-Sanchez Fernando
Published: February 2022

Despite the importance of analysing virtual reality (VR) technology acceptance by older adults and investigating the use of this technology as a marketing tool to enhance destination tourism word of mouth (WOM), no study seems to have addressed these issues. Thus, this study explores how the technology acceptance model (TAM) and anxiety regarding the use of VR after virtually visiting a tourist destination influence older adults’ intention to reuse VR for tourism. Most importantly, this study examines whether this intention is related to WOM recommendations of a virtually visited tourist destination. Using a combination of quantitative (PLS) and qualitative (thematic analysis) methods, this study uses data gathered from older adults living in four continuing care retirement communities. VR glasses (Oculus Go Standalone) were used to virtually visit the Carnival of Venice. Results show that the TAM factors are key drivers of older adults’ use of VR, which in turn influences tourist destination recommendations. Anxiety was found to reduce the VR device's perceived ease of use, but it was not found to be related to perceived usefulness. Implications for practitioners and possible directions for future research are discussed.
Music therapy for adolescents with psychiatric disorders: An overview
Authors: Freitas Carina , Fernández-Company José Fernando , Pita Marisela Figueira , García-Rodríguez María
Published: February 2022

Background

Although it is true that adolescence is a stage of evolutionary development in which there are innumerable windows of opportunity, it is also the peak age at which some psychiatric disorders may appear. On the other hand, music is an auditory stimulus that interests and motivates youngsters, as it is used for identity, social connection, and emotional regulation.

Methods

We conducted a strategic search by consulting scientific databases. The following search terms were employed: Music Therapy AND Psychology AND Psychiatry AND Adolescents. The following international electronic databases were searched: Medline, Ovid, and Cochrane Library.

Results

A total of 142 sources were identified from which 9 papers on music therapy published exclusively in scientific journals specialized in psychology or child psychiatry were selected. The total number of participants was 651. The studies reported that music therapy interventions have the potential to improve self-esteem, social engagement, decrease social isolation, and depressive and anxiety symptoms in psychiatric adolescents (both in inpatient and outpatient settings).

Conclusion

Given the heterogeneity and methodological quality of the few studies included, it is complex to extrapolate and generalize results. More quality research is needed to expand music therapy interventions on youth mental health.
Effects of different environment combinations on the comfort and productivity of researchers in winter
Authors: Li Zhiheng , Kim Eunyoung
Published: February 2022

Indoor environmental quality is considered an important indicator of the sustainable development of architecture. It not only reflects the comfort level of occupants in the building but also affects their productivity, particularly in research institutions. However, due to the inherent correlation among various environmental indexes, it is difficult to evaluate the influence of specific physical parameters on the occupant’s comfort and research performance. This paper is based on an experiment conducted in a controlled research office in a pharmaceutical research company in the Northeast of China. The controlled research office was equipped with a radiant floor heating system that supplied heating in winter. We recruited 32 researchers and divided them into four subgroups. Each subgroup of researchers was required to conduct daily research activities under 12 different environment combinations. Data were collected from physical environment measurements, questionnaire surveys and performance tests. The results reflected that under the condition of radian floor heating in winter, changes in thermal, visual and acoustic environments could have a significant influence on occupants’ satisfaction with the environment. However, the research performance was affected only by thermal and acoustic conditions. There was a weak correlation among thermal, visual, acoustic and indoor air quality comfort.
Multi-perspective process mining for emergency process
Authors: Erdogan Tugba Gurgen , Tarhan Ayca Kolukisa
Published: February 2022

Background

Multi-perspective process mining is an analytical approach that uses data to gain objective insights and uncover hidden problems in business processes from multiple perspectives.

Objective

In this paper, we apply multi-perspective process mining techniques in the emergency process through a goal-driven performance evaluation method in order to understand and diagnose the timeliness of the emergency process.

Methods

Unstructured and multi-disciplinary emergency data is analyzed by following Goal-Question-Feature-Indicator (GQFI) method. In this paper, the GQFI method is extended with perspectives, and the insights in the enriched event data are examined by a decision tree model. All of them are applied in a systematic way in relation to the goal of assessing and improving the emergency process in a university hospital.

Results

We detected the deviations (e.g., skipping the triage and consultation request steps) and two bottlenecks in the emergency process. Among the suggestions for improving the process, are performing defensive medicine in a harmless manner, classification of the emergency services, ensuring triage step is applied to all patients and effective usage of the call system application in consultation activities.

Conclusion:

The results of this study showed that goal-oriented multi-perspective process mining is effective in identifying process improvements in emergency services.
The AltaVoces project: A digital narrative approach to anti-oppressive social work research with Latino youth
Authors: Lilly Jenn M
Published: February 2022

Although digital narrative methods lend themselves well to participatory, action-oriented inquiry, these relatively new methods also raise questions about potential risks involved in using digital technologies to engage marginalized groups in social work research. This article examines the feasibility, challenges, and opportunities of using digital narrative methods in anti-oppressive social work research (AOSWR) by providing empirical insights from the AltaVoces project—an AOSWR project that used digital narrative methods to engage Latino youth. This case study demonstrates the compatibility and feasibility of digital narrative methods in AOSWR by examining to what extent the AltaVoces project: (1) used methods that center the contexts, voices, and experiences of oppressed peoples, recognizing the social construction of knowledge and the politics inherent in knowledge creation, (2) critically interrogated power arrangements within research relationships and made efforts to form authentic, collaborative relationships and share power with co-researchers, and (3) acknowledged oppressive systems and institutions and reflected a commitment to transforming, dismantling, or abolishing them through the research purpose, process, and products. We found that digital tools offered new possibilities for centering the voices of Latino youth, rebalancing power in research relationships, and connecting knowledge to action through digital products, in alignment with AOSWR, but also introduced new power hierarchies and risks related to producing digital material. The AltaVoces project provides one example of how digital narrative research may be implemented and evaluated using the integrative AOSWR framework, exposing several aspects of digital narrative research that warrant specific attention and presenting practical strategies for doing so.
Factors Associated With Increasing Length of Stay for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Morse Kyle W. , Heinz Nicole K. , Abolade Jeremy M. , Wright-Chisem Joshua , Alice Russell Linda , Zhang Meng , Mirza Serene , Pearce-Fisher Diyu , Orange Dana E. , Figgie Mark P. , Sculco Peter K. , Goodman Susan M.
Published: February 2022

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are cost-effective procedures that decrease pain and improve health-related quality of life for patients with advanced symptomatic arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients with RA have a longer length of stay (LOS) after THA or TKA than patients with osteoarthritis, yet the factors contributing to LOS have not been investigated. Purpose: We sought to identify the factors contributing to LOS for patients with RA undergoing THA and TKA at a single tertiary care orthopedic specialty hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from a prospectively collected cohort of 252 RA patients undergoing either THA or TKA. Demographics, RA characteristics, medications, serologies, and disease activity were collected preoperatively. Linear regression was performed to explore the relationship between LOS (log-transformed) and possible predictors. A multivariate model was constructed through backward selection using significant predictors from a univariate analysis. Results: Of the 252 patients with RA, 83% were women; they had a median disease duration of 14 years and moderate disease activity at the time of arthroplasty. We had LOS data on 240 (95%) of the cases. The mean LOS was 3.4 ± 1.5 days. The multivariate analysis revealed a longer LOS for RA patients who underwent TKA versus THA, were women versus men, required a blood transfusion, and took preoperative opioids. Conclusion: Our retrospective study found that increased postoperative LOS in RA patients undergoing THA or TKA was associated with factors both non-modifiable (type of surgery, sex) and modifiable (postoperative blood transfusion, preoperative opioid use). These findings suggest that preoperative optimization of the patient with RA might focus on improving anemia and reducing opioid use in efforts to shorten LOS. More rigorous study is warranted.