bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La flexibilidad de los recursos humanos y la contratación laboral
Authors: Jiménez García Juan
Published: September 2023

En el marco de las relaciones laborales, quizás haya sido la flexibilidad de entrada la más utilizada por el empresariado español, al encontrar excesivas resistencias en la flexibilidad de trayecto y de salida, ya que la flexibilidad de entrada debilita la rigidez de los contenidos obligacionales y hace inútil la oposición a la extinción de los contratos de trabajo. Por ello, el presente artículo reflexiona sobre las múltiples posibilidades que ofrece la contratación laboral para forzar la flexibilidad del mercado de trabajo.
En esta línea se estudia la evolución organizativa del trabajo que ha obligado a la contratación precaria, distorsionando toda la regulación laboral, se aborda el uso de la contratación temporal y otros fenómenos contractuales como máxima expresión de la flexibilidad de entrada y se observa el papel que han jugado las Agencias Privadas de Colocación y las Empresas de Trabajo Temporal en la implantación de este fenómeno de flexibilización casi absoluta de la relación laboral.
Algunas reflexiones sobre el despido verbal
Authors: Muria López Jordi
Published: September 2023

Sin duda alguna, el cambio sufrido tras la Reforma Laboral de 1994 ha supuesto, en orden a la declaración jurídica del despido verbal, una modificación claramente flexible y no menos discutida.
Mientras que en la anterior normativa, la Ley 8/1980, el despido realizado por el empresario sin observar los requisitos legales, entre ellos la comunicación escrita dirigida al trabajador alegando los motivos por los que se le sancionaba con el despido, suponía la declaración de nulidad del acto empresarial, en la actual legislación laboral esta inobservancia en la forma de proceder al despido ha sido reconducida a la declaración de improcedencia.
Han sido muchas las críticas al respecto, por parte de estudiosos, abogados, graduados sociales y sobre todo organizaciones sindicales, debido principalmente a que con este tipo de despido se podían encubrir actos discriminatorios o lesivos de derechos fundamentales, e incluso obviar formalidades jurídicas que supusieran un retraso o «dolor de cabeza» para los empresarios deseosos de extinguir aquella/s relación/es laboral/es de la/s que quieren prescindir de la forma más rápida y menos problemática, como ejemplo las formalidades a observar en las extinciones por causas objetivas y en los despidos colectivos.
El motivo de mi comentario es ofrecer al lector algunas reflexiones de la problemática jurídico-práctica, que entraña este tipo de despido, en el momento de asesorar y defender posteriormente el supuesto concreto de un despido verbal. Son muchos los inconvenientes que se plantean durante el procedimiento para intentar abordar una solución jurídica satisfactoria, que ponga fin al conflicto con garantías suficientes para el trabajador despedido.
Comunicación interna: un plan para la persuasión de los nuevos trabajadores
Authors: Pinazo Calatayud Daniel , Carrero Planes Virginia
Published: September 2023

El artículo propone elaborar un plan para la persuasión de los nuevos empleados, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades de información de la empresa y la disponibilidad para aceptar esa información de los empleados. Se analizan desde los distintos factores a las características persuasivas de los mensajes, teniendo en cuenta el tipo de receptor al que van dirigidos (defensor activo de la idea, defensor pasivo, neutral, indiferente, contrario a la idea pero mal informado, contrario a la idea bien informado). Se insiste en la importancia de la interrelación del diseño de la comunicación con el receptor de la misma. A partir de una tipología de cinco tipos de trabajadores, según su posición ante la idea que le queremos transmitir, defendemos que es posible diseñar los planes de comunicación en la empresa desde tres objetivos de persuasión distintos: consolidar una actitud ya formada, crear actitudes nuevas o cambiar actitudes preexistentes. Estos objetivos tienen en cuenta las peculiaridades de los trabajadores a los que va dirigida la comunicación.
La reforma del subsidio de desempleo en el marco del Real Decreto-Ley 5/2002, de 24 de mayo
Authors: Purcalla Bonilla Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2023

El propósito de estas páginas no es otro que la realización de un análisis jurídico-crítico sobre uno de los contenidos del Real Decreto-Ley 5/2002, en concreto la reforma del subsidio de desempleo, a través de una lectura sistemática de sus claves normativas en concordancia con la variada jurisprudencia, interna y comunitaria, existente hasta la fecha y conectada a dicho subsidio. Al inicio del comentario se incorporan, no obstante y en lo que constituye el primer apartado del trabajo, diversas reflexiones sobre el contenido de las principales reformas operadas por el Real Decreto-Ley 5/2002. Efectuada esa tarea, se procede después, en el segundo apartado, al análisis del régimen jurídico vigente del subsidio de desempleo.
Dos lecturas políticas a la filosofía de Mullā Ṣadrā en la actualidad iraní
Authors: Aldama Cruz Amílcar
Published: September 2023

En el actual contexto iraní se puede apreciar dos tipos de lecturas políticas de la filosofía de Mullā Ṣadrā (1571- 1640), aunque este filósofo persa no dejara una obra de filosofía política. Estas dos interpretaciones tienen como núcleo el significado del término técnico wilāya (amistad, tutela, guía), cuyo concepto tiene un empleo profundo en la mística islámica de Ibn ʿArabī (1165 - 1240) y en la ontología de Mullā Ṣadrā. El presente artículo abordará las dos posturas de la lectura política de Ṣadrā a partir de un recorrido lexicográfico del término, el empleo del concepto de wilāya al-faqīh por parte Rūhollah Ḫomeīnī y su crítica por parte de los filósofos contemporáneos iraníes ‘Abdulkarīm Suroūš y Moḥsen Kadīwar.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PAI PADA SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 8 SUNGAI RAYA
Authors: ERNAWATI ERNAWATI
Published: September 2023

This research aims to improve learning outcomes in PAI subjects for class VI students at SDN 8 Sungai Raya by using the jigsaw type cooperative learning model. This research uses classroom action research methods. This research uses a qualitative approach. The subjects in this classroom action research consisted of Class VI students for the 2021/2022 Even Semester Academic Year at SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya, in the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subject. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and test results. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The learning outcomes of students who use the cooperative learning model, after being given the first cycle of learning actions (cycle I), the average score of student learning evaluation results is 66.67% and is classified as still below the existing ideal score, namely 75%. Meanwhile, in the implementation of cycle II, 86.67% of students obtained scores that reached the KKM from the final evaluation results given. Thus, learning outcomes using the jigsaw type cooperative model in PAI lessons at SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya are said to be very good and have experienced significant improvement.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran PAI pada siswa kelas VI SDN 8 Sungai Raya dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. subjek dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari siswa Kelas VI Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 Semester Genap SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya, pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan hasil tes. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif, setelah diberikan tindakan pembelajaran siklus pertama (siklus I) rata-rata skor hasil evaluasi belajar siswa 66.67% dan tergolong masih dibawah skor ideal yang ada yaitu 75%. Sedangkan pada penerapan siklus II skor yang terdapat 86.67% siswa yang memproleh nilai yang mencapai KKM dari hasil evaluasi akhir yang diberikan. Dengan demikian, hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam pelajaran PAI SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya dikatakan sangat baik dan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan.
Patient Privacy Attitude Scale: A Scale Development Study
Authors: SEVİMLİGÜL Gülgün , EVCİLİ Funda
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.

Material and Methods: First, an item pool of 42 items was created by the researchers and expert opinion was presented. The scale form, whose language and content validity was ensured, was applied to the sample group, and the data obtained were analyzed through LISREL 8.54 and SPSS 22.0 package programs. The validity of the scale was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient, test-retest method and item analysis.

Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 27-item structure with 5 factors explaining 57.483% of the variance, eigenvalues above 1, and factor loadings above 0.53. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the scale showed a theoretically and statistically acceptable level of fit. The reliability of the scale was examined by test-retest method and internal consistency analysis. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.91. There was no statistical difference between the test-retest means of the total and five sub-dimensions of the scale (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The analysis shows that the scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.
REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF EXPORT POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT: ASSESSMENT AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Berikbolova U.D.
Published: September 2023

Модель региональной инвестиционно-инновационной политики на этапе перехода к новой индустриально-инновационной экономике имеет ряд принципиальных особенностей, отличающих ее от моделей инвестиционной политики предшествующих периодов. Предпосылкой формирования региональной инвестиционно-инновационной политики является общая стратегия социально-экономического развития региона. По отношению к ней инвестиционно-инновационная политика выступает инструментом и должна согласовываться по целям и срокам реализации отдельных проектов с учетом их синергетического влияния. Одной из особенностей разработки региональной инвестиционно-инновационной политики переходного периода является ограниченность общего периода ее формирования. Конкурентоспособность относится к базовой экономической категории в литературе. Данное понятие применяют к товару, предприятию, отрасли, региону, стране, определяющего его умение устоять в конкуренции с прочими аналогами. Конкурентоспособность является характеристикой, которую используют, оценивая эффективность деятельности хозяйствующего субъекта. Данное понятие, как определено во многих источниках, относительно какого либо субъекта определяет способность выдержать конкуренцию. Поэтому различают конкурентоспособность: продукции; предприятия; отрасли; сферы деятельности; региона; страны, которые между собой взаимосвязаны. Конкурентоспособные виды продукции влияют на конкурентоспособность предприятия. Конкурентоспособность предприятия определяет конкурентоспособность отрасли. Конкурентоспособность отрасли определяет конкурентоспособность региона и страны в целом.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON THE VALUE OF INTERFACE TENSION AT THE OIL-WATER BOUNDARY TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM CONCENTRATION OF SURFACTANTS IN THE DRILLING MUD
Authors:   Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin (NRU)  Moscow city, Russia., Borozdin S.O. , Podgornov V.M. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin (NRU)  Moscow city, Russia.
Published: September 2023

During the depression opening of productive low-permeable reservoirs, despite the absence of hydrodynaimic filtration, the aqueous phase penetrates into the formation as a result of capillary impregnation, the intensity of which is determined by the amount of interfacial tension. The treatment of drilling fluids with surfactants is performed to regulate the interfacial tension at the boundary of the filtrate with reservoir fluids, however, their effectiveness in thermobaric conditions of the downhole is not maintained with increasing temperature and pressure. Studies of the influence of thermobaric conditions on the value of the interfacial tension of the aqueous phase of drilling fluids treated with various surfactants, they were carried out at various combinations of temperature and pressure. According to the results of the work, patterns of changes in interfacial tension depending on temperature were revealed and surfactants that have a significant effect on interfacial tension at a volume concentration of 0.1% were determined.
INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL FIELDS IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Yussupova L.Y. , Kalmagambet A.B. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty city, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the issues of innovative development of the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan. The features characteristic of the oil and gas industry are revealed. Methods of increasing oil recovery through project documents reviewed and controlled by state structures of subsurface users in the new conditions of subsurface use and with the preservation of state ownership of minerals in the subsurface, further development of innovations in the field of oil field development with an increase in the scientific and technical level of the feasibility of cost-effective application of methods of improving oil recovery (MUN), increasing the efficiency of modern communications involving planning and designing of advanced methodologies, less costly and more efficient technologies, the conditions of the oil recovery coefficient, oil fields are described. The ways of stimulating oil companies to innovate through state mechanisms of influence on the industry are proposed.
ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF WORKING INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAINTENANCE OF PUMPS OF LLP"JV "KAZGERMUNAI"
Authors:   K.I.Satpayev Kazakh National Research Technical University, Almaty city, Kazakhstan, Satybaldy S.P. , Baskanbayeva D.Zh. , Petrov N.I. ,   K.I.Satpayev Kazakh National Research Technical University, Almaty city, Kazakhstan,   Trakia University Stara-Zagora, Bulgaria
Published: September 2023

Ғылыми мақалада "Қазгермұнай" БК" ЖШС мұнай кен орнындағы қолданыстағы сорғы түрлері оларға техникалық қызмет көрсетуді ұйымдастыру, олардың оңтайлы жолдарын қарастыру және сорғылардың негізгі түрлері бойынша мамандардың қатысуымен техникалық қызмет көрсету бойынша жұмыстық нұсқаулық құжаттары жасалды. Мұнай кен орнындағы сорғылардың техникалық қызмет көрсету жұмыстары бойынша алдын-ала жоспарлау кестесі құрылды және ағымдағы жыл бойынша сорғылардың техникалық қызмет көрсету мерзімі бекітілді. Ғылыми мақаланың негізгі мақсаты мұнай кен орнындағы сорғылардың тұрақты түрде жұмыс жасауын қалыптастыру мақсатында техникалық қызмет көрсетуді оңтайландыра отырып кәсіпорындағы тоқтаусыз жұмыс жүйесін қалыптастыру сорғылардың жөндеу жұмыстарына кететін негізгі шығындардың көлемін азайту және мұнай кен орнындағы өндірістің көлемін арттыру болып табылады. Ғылыми мақаланың "Қазгермұнай" БК " ЖШС мұнай кен орнындағы 4 сорғы түрлері бойынша техникалық қызмет көрсету жұмыстары қарастырылды. Кәсіпорындағы олардың сенімділігін бағалаудың аналитикалық және статистикалық модельдерін әзірлей отырып олардың жұмыс жасау кезіндегі істен шығу түрлері және олардың ықтималдылықтары анықталды.Зерттеу материалдары мен әдістері: кәсіпорындағы мәліметтер базасын математикалық статистика әдістерімен өңдеу негізінде сенімділік сипаттамаларын анықтау мақсатында, гидравликалық жүйелерді жобалау және пайдалану бойынша ұсыныстарды кейіннен талдау және әзірлеу үшін пайдалану жағдайында сумен жабдықтау және су бұру жүйелерінің сорғы агрегаттарының істен шығуы және істен шығуы туралы ақпарат. Кәсіпорындағы жүргізілген ғылыми талдау нәтижелері бойынша сорғы жабдықтарының істен шығу базасын қалыптастыратын негізгі себептер анықталды, олардың пайда болуының басым себептері анықталды және олардың пайдалану, құрылымдық немесе жобалаушының қателіктері бойынша талдаулар жүзеге асырылды. Кәсіпорында қолданылатын сорғы жабдықтарының төрт тобы үшін сенімділік параметрлері бағаланды, оларға талдаулар жүргігізілді сонымен қатар мерзімдік техникалық қызмет көрсету кестесі және реглмаенті жасалды.
Central de Cogeneración Makariza - Estudio de Viabilidad Ambiental
Authors: Ahmadi Taha
Published: September 2023

This article studies the possibility of electrical energy generation using distributed generator in Makariza Company. According to the demand of heat in this company, the generators used in this study are simultaneous production of electricity and heat. According to the demand of electric, thermal load consumed by the company and the climate of Colombia province and according to the technical specifications of electricity and heat generation technologies in the world, the best technology is selected. Finally, energy saving and environmental pollution will be analyzed. The analysis shows that the use of the system of simultaneous production of electricity and heat in the company helps to save energy and also to reduce environmental pollution.
The evolution of capitalism and the concept of a natural economic order
Authors: Fiedor Bogusław
Published: September 2023

W artykule podjęto próbę wykazania, że idea kapitalizmu jako naturalnego porządku ekonomicznego pozostaje nadal wartościową
fikcją heurystyczną pomimo jej silnej krytyki w ostatnich 50 latach. Ideę tę ukazuje się najpierw z neoklasycznej perspektywy
monizmu metodologicznego. W następnej części artykułu prezentowane jest stanowisko metodologiczne znane jako variety of
capitalism aprroach (P. A. Hall i D. Soskice), które autor artykułu ujmuje jako pewien rodzaj rozszerzenia tej idei. W punkcie tym autor
nawiązuje do hipotezy D. C. Northa, J. J. Wallisa i B. R. Weingasta, podkreślającej znaczenie szeroko rozumianego systemu przymusu
(violance system) w ewolucji kapitalizmu. Jest to w istocie autorska rekonstrukcja i rozszerzenie tej hipotezy z perspektywy nowej
ekonomii instytucjonalnej. W następnej części artykułu z powyższej perspektywy rozpatruje się wpływ jakości sfery institutional
governance (North) na zakres i kompozycję funkcji dystrybucyjnych i prowzrostowych współczesnego państwa. W końcowej części
artykułu podkreśla się, że jakość instytucji jest rozstrzygająca, jeśli chodzi o kierunek ewolucji kapitalizmu.
Opinions of Primary School Teachers Working in Inclusion Education Settings on the Behaviors of Students with and Without Disabilities
Authors: Melekoğlu Meral , Tütüncü Hüdaverdi , Çayır Ayşenur , Çam Alegöz Zeynep
Published: September 2023

Primary school teachers are important mediators in terms of creating a positive climate and displaying appropriate behaviors in inclusion classes. The fact that primary school teachers are good observers of the behavior of students in their classrooms is a very important factor in eliminating or preventing problem behaviors. For this reason, it is important to examine the views of teachers working in inclusion education settings on the behavior of students in their classrooms. The purpose of this research is to reveal the opinions of primary school teachers working in inclusion education settings about the behaviors of students with and without disabilities in their classrooms. The study was conducted using phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews with primary school teachers working in inclusion settings. The data was analyzed with content analysis, and six themes and 17 sub-themes were found. It was seen that the problem behaviors seen in the inclusion classes were similar to the behaviors seen in the general education classes. According to the findings, most of the teachers did not receive training in problem behaviors. So, courses related to behavior management can be taught in undergraduate programs.
Pengaruh Variabel Putaran (RPM) terhadap Temperatur Gas Buang Mesin Penggerak Utama Type MAN B&W 31990 KW pada Kapal Kontainer
Authors: Budiyanto Lilik , Haryadi Sugeng
Published: September 2023

Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh putaran mesin penggerak utama (mesin induk) yang cenderung berubah- ubah pada saat beroperasi terhadap temperatur gas buang mesin induk  dikapal container dengan bobot 35981GT .Penelitian ini kami lakukan di atas kapal container KM SPIL Citra PT Salam Pasific Indonesia line pada saat pelayaran dari Pelabuhan Balik Papan Kalimantan Timur  ke Pelabuhan Bitung Sulawesi Utara.Tujuan dari penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memahami dan mengetahui bagaimana menentukan putaran mesin induk yang sesuai agar gas buang mesin induk stabil dan tidak terlalu tinggi yang mengakibatkan kinerja mesin induk menurun. Pengujian dilakukan pada saat kapal berlayar di Tengah laut kondisi full away mesin penggerak utama (mesin induk) beroperasi pada putaran,52 Rpm sampai dengan 57 Rpm dengan rata rata Running hours masing masing putaran selama 4 jam.Temperatur maksimal gas buang diperoleh sebesar 260 C dan temperatur minimal di peroleh sebersar 230 C dengan rata- rata temperatur air laut pendingin dan temperature kamar mesin konstan. Kesimpulan yang di ketahui bahwa semakin tinggi putaran mesin induk semakin tinggi pula temperature gas buang mesin induk sehingga perlu diperhatikan batas maksimal Rpm mesin induk agar tidak terjadi temperature tinggi.
Analisis Gaya Belajar pada Taruna Teknika dalam Perkuliahan Fisika Terapan Sub Materi Fluida sebagai Bentuk Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi
Authors: Lusiani  , Hendrawan Andi , Firmansyah Fajar , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: September 2023

Seorang Pendidik baiknya memahami gaya belajar masing-masing peserta didik, hal tersebut dikarenakan gaya belajar seseorang individu dapat berbeda dengan individu lainnya. Perbedaan gaya belajar tersebut harus dikelola dengan baik agar tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai. Permasalahan pada perkuliahan bahwa sebagian besar Pendidik tidak mengetahui adanya perbedaan gaya belajar pada individu dan tidak mengelolanya dengan baik. Tujuan dalam kajian berikut yakni menganalisis Gaya Belajar pada Taruna Teknika dalam Perkuliahan Fisika Terapan Sub Materi Fluida sebagai Bentuk Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penelitian penggabungan antara observasi serta kajian literatur. Penulis mengambil lokasi di Program Studi Teknika AMN Cilacap dengan memanfaatkan instrument berupa 2 media yakni google form dan Mentimeter. Disimpulkan bahwa analisis Gaya Belajar pada Taruna Teknika dalam Perkuliahan Fisika Terapan Sub Materi Fluida sebagai Bentuk Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi diperoleh nilai bahwa pilihan gaya belajar dengan urutan pertama yakni pilihan gaya belajar Auditori, sedangkan pilihan gaya belajar dengan urutan kedua yakni pilihan gaya belajar Visual dan Pilihan gaya belajar dengan urutan ketiga atau terakhir yakni pilihan gaya belajar Kinestetik. Analisis pilihan gaya belajar tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai bentuk penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi.
REFORM IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE IN KAZAKHSTAN: TASKS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ospanova Assem , Kalenova Tengesh ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: September 2023

This article presents conclusions about the development of science, researchers about the development of the problem, the concept of the development of science based on foreign experience. At the same time, science management services are described, the issue of innovative development, the relationship between science and business is discussed. In modern Kazakhstan, where there are too many sources of information from all sides, it is necessary to adopt some regulatory documents, concepts and laws in order to develop and manage science in the country. They have a special place in the development of domestic science. The directions of the development of science in the Messages of the Head of State, approaches and ways to solve them, as well as the right way to develop the directions of science in our country on the basis of world experience are considered.
THE ROLE OF THE CSTO, SCO AND OSCE IN ENSURING SECURITY IN THE CASPIAN SEA
Authors:   West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Sarkulova Galiya , Yesengaliyeva Venera ,   West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Balzhanova Gauhar ,   West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University named after Zhangir Khan
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the issues of ensuring security in the Caspian Sea within the framework of the activities of such institutions as the CSTO, SCO, OSCE. The collective security system created within the framework of the treaty was supposed to play a stabilizing role not only regionally, but also internationally. The article reveals the history of the formation of an effective regional security structure aimed at countering modern challenges. The author comes to the conclusion that the role of Kazakhstan as an active participant in the main regional organizations is important for effective counteraction to the remaining threats.
Central Asia in India's Foreign Policy Strategy
Authors:   Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Assanbayev Mukhit
Published: September 2023

In the early 1990s, India's foreign policy strategy faced the challenge of reevaluating the country's position and role in the emerging new international order. This prompted India to change its approach to foreign policy. The dominance of the United States in global politics actually led to a temporary autonomy of India's foreign policy within the frameworks of the emerging opportunity for New Delhi to possess nuclear weapons (intensive interactions with the United States, Israel and countries of the Association of South-East Asian Nations). However, starting from the 2000s, India began to perceive itself as a country capable of exerting a balancing influence in the world (nuclear deal between India and the United States, solidarity with China on climate change and trade issues, and broadening of ties with Russia and other major regional countries). This trend in Indian foreign policy continues to this day. India has become more sensitive to its capabilities and understands the expectations that the world has for it. Thanks to the expanded neighborhood policy (the concepts of "Act East", "Think West", "Northern Policy", "Connect Central Asia"), India has managed to form an almost new foreign policy course aimed at promoting partnership for development far beyond South Asia, including the Central Asian countries.
CENTRAL ASIA IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF IRAN AND TURKEY
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Yermekbayev Adilbek , Zhumatay Gabit ,   Narxoz University, Altynbek Aigerim ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: September 2023

The paper provides a historical overview of the geopolitical contest between Iran and Turkey in Central Asia and analyzes the current geopolitical development in the region. The establishment of the Organization of Turkic States at the 8th summit of the Turkic-speaking nations in Istanbul has not only been a watershed in the history of the Turkic world, yet this event has brought new changes to the geopolitical configuration in the region. The sanctions imposed after the Russian annexation of Crimea and the conflict in the south-east of Ukraine had a significant impact on the Russian economy. In this regard, the countries of Central Asia, especially in the first place Kazakhstan, whose economy is closely interconnected with Russia, are experiencing serious economic difficulties.
ЖЕРДІ ПАЙДАЛАНУ ТУРАЛЫ ДЕРЕКТЕРДІ ГЕНЕРАЦИЯЛАУ ЖӘНЕ ВЕГЕТАЦИЯЛЫҚ ИНДЕКСТЕРДІ ЕСЕПТЕУ ҮШІН ҒАРЫШТЫҚ СУРЕТТЕРДІ ТАҢДАУ ЖӘНЕ ТАЛДАУ (БАТЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН АЙМАҒЫ МЫСАЛЫНДА)
Authors: Kudaibergenov Muratbek , Кудайбергенов М.К  , Токбергенова А.А  , Tokbergen@mail.ru  , Нысанбаева А. С  , Дүйсенбаев С.М.  , Сейтқазы М. М.  , Калиева Д. М
Published: September 2023

Соңғы жылдары ЖҚЗ деректерін пайдалана отырып, вегетациялық индекстерді есептеу, соның ішінде өсімдіктердің нормаланған айырмашылық индексі (NDVI) бойынша жерді пайдалану мен жер жамылғысының өзгеруін анықтау және бақылау әдісі кеңінен қолданылады. Ұсынылып отырған жұмыста MODIS (MOD13Q1) деректерін пайдалана отырып, 2002, 2012 және 2022 жылдардағы Батыс Қазақстан аймағының көктем және жаз айларындағы NDVI және мамыр айындағы EVI индекстері есептелінді. Зерттеу аумағындағы NDVI индексінің сандық мәндері: 0-ден 0.15-ке дейін өте төмен, 0.15-ден 0.2-ге дейін төмен, 0.2-ден 0,3-ке дейін орташа, 0.3-тен 0.4-ке дйін жоғары және 0.4-тен жоғары өте жоғары көрсеткіштерімен бағаланды.

2002 жылы зерттеу аумағындағы  өсімдік жамылғысының өте төмен (0-0.15) көрсеткіштеріне жататын жерлердің ауданы 0.78 млн гектардан 2022 жылы 19.21 млн гектарға, ал өсімдік жамылғысының төмен (0.15-0.2) көрсеткіштеріне ие жерлердің ауданы 14.05 млн гектардан 17.48 гектарға өскен. Алайда, 2002-2022 жж аралығында өсімдік жамылғысының орташа (0.2-0.3) көрсеткішіне ие жерлердің ауданы 24.13 млн гектардан 15.72 млн гектарға, жоғары (0.3-0.4) көрсеткіштегі жерлер 20.54 млн гектардан 11.4 млн гектарға және  өте жоғары (>0.4) санаттағы жерлер 13.27 млн гектардан 7.98 млн гектарға дейін қысқарған. 2022 жылғы көрсеткіштер бойынша аумақтағы өсімдік жамылғысының кейбір санаттары 2012 жылға қарағанда жақсарған, алайда, өсімдік жамылғысы өте төмен (0-0.15) көрсеткіштеріне ие жерлердің ауданы үздіксіз ұлғайып келеді. Мұндай учаскелердің басым бөлігі Маңғыстау облысында болғандықтан Landsat 8-9 (OLI-TIRS) деректері негізінде қосымша NDVI, EVI, GNDVI және CVI индекстері есептелінді.

Зерттеу нәтижелері соңғы жылдары аумақтың өсімдік жамылғысының нашарлауының негізгі себебі климаттық факторларға, атап айтқанда температураның жоғарылауына және жауын-шашынның азаюына тікелей байланысты екенін анықтады.
Gaze and Narratives on Heritage Values: Discarding the Views of Host Communities in Africa
Authors: E.A. Nwankwo , M.N. Agboeze , M.U. Agboeze , P. Nnate
Published: September 2023

There has been a conflict of perceptions on heritage values. This has stalled the development of some natural heritage resources in parts of Africa. This study argues that the host perception is paramount in the responsive development of heritage resources within their localities. However, this study investigated the values of undeveloped natural heritage resources in Abia State, Nigeria, from a rural gaze and narratives. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and detailed observation were employed for the study. Findings showed that these natural heritage resources have domestic, agricultural, leisure and protective values according to the host, who also supports possible development programmes for these resources. This has posited rural gaze and narrative as focal in understanding the values of undeveloped heritage resources. The study further proposed the concept of the Rural Heritage Approach (RHA). This concept is focused on a prior understanding of the peculiar nature of heritage values in traditional African societies through rural gaze and narratives before development initiatives. This study has implications for responsible rural tourism development in most African communities.
Preparation and Optimization of Fexofenadine HCl Solid lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Gunjote Ashwini , Shahane Heramb , Ghosalkar Rani , Bavaskar Kedar , Jain Ashish
Published: September 2023

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are introduced as an efficient carrier method for correcting dynamic medicine and water-soluble medication. Fexofenadine HCl is a long-acting selective histamine (H1) receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties of the second generation. Allergic rhinitis, angioedema, and chronic urticaria are treated with fexofenadine HCl. Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by hot homogenization method using a solid lipid of and different polymers. A solid lipid nanoparticle created by drug and polymer poloxamer 188 in ratio showed highest entrapment efficiency as well as drug release of the medication from the solid lipid nanoparticle formulation. The prepared nanoparticles were used to formulate the nanogel using Carbopol 934. The nano-drug delivery system developed by the hot homogenization method has demonstrated their suitability for a topical route for the treatment of skin allergy. Thus, the studies revealed that the developed system has a great appeal for the convenient treatment of dermatological allergy that may overcome in improving the limitations of the existing drug delivery system. Fexofenadine HCl is a white colored powder. It is practically insoluble in water and soluble in methanol. The melting point was found to be 194.1-195.2. The FTIR spectra of Fexofenadine HCl and the mixture of drug and excipients used in the formulation of nanoparticles reveal that there was no significant interaction between the drug and polymer and other excipients used in the formulation. The optimized batches (F2) showed highest entrapment efficiency. It was observed that as there is increase in concentration of surfactant increases the entrapment efficiency. The optimized solid lipid nanoparticle formulation showed maximum drug release within 6 hr. This showed that the increase in the concentration of surfactant there was increase in drug release from the SLN.
Pharmacognostical studies on the leaves and stems of Hibiscus hispidissimus Griffith
Authors: L S Soorya , G Indira , Reshma Omanakuttan
Published: September 2023

Traditionally medicinal plants have been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Hibiscus hispidissimus Griffith is one of the unexplored medicinal plants, distributed in the Western Ghats of India and also found in China, Thailand, Sri Lanka, etc. Common names include ‘Comfort root’, or ‘Hill hemp bendy’. Vernacular names are Uppanacham in Malayalam and Sathambasthi in Sanskrit. It is used as food and medicine. Tribal healers traditionally use this plant for anthelmintic, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-arthritic, diuretic, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities1. The present study is focused on the evaluation of macroscopical, microscopical characters and physicochemical parameters of leaves and stems of Hibiscus hispidissimus Griffith belongs to the family Malvaceae. The result of the study can be used to develop pharmacognostic standards for the drug, which helps in determining the identity and purity of the drug. The microscopical characters and physico chemical parameters are useful in preparing herbal monograph for particular species of medicinal plants.
A Review on Centella asiatica: A Potential Herbal Cure
Authors: M. Wankhade Anjali , C. Rahangdale Poonam
Published: September 2023

Southeast Asian nations frequently employ Centella asiatica, also known as Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or gotu kola, which is a traditional Chinese herb with a wide range of medical benefits. It has been noted that the medicinal plant Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, sometimes known as gotu kola, exhibits a variety of pharmacological properties. There is a substantial body of scientific study, in particular, on the therapeutic benefits of C. asiatica preparations or its triterpenes in the treatment of skin conditions. The aerial parts and roots are used medicinally, and the chemical components of this plant have a wide range of therapeutic uses, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and treatments for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and dopamine neurotoxicity. Sedative. Immunostimulant. hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, cytotoxic and anti-tumor, antiviral, and reducing oxidative stress. a wide variety of chemicals from many chemical classes are used in antioxidant, wound healing, and other biological functions. Triterpene saponosides are this plant's main chemical class. The principal ones include betulinic acid, thankunic acid, and isothankunic acid, as well as asiatic acid, madecassic acid (6-hydroxy-asiatic acid), asiaticoside, and madasiatic acid. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the available literature for this review in order to determine the significance of C. asiatica in terms of pharmacology. To determine the precise method of action of other bioactive chemicals, more research will be useful.
Hyperlipidaemia: A Review of Literature
Authors: S. Lad Swapnil , U. Kolhe Swati , A. Devade Omkar , N. Patil Chetashri , D. Nalawade Rohit , P. Mansabdar Asawari
Published: September 2023

Since the beginning of time people have used plants as a solution for different infections and/or diseases. With the approach of current synthetic medicines, plant medication has frequently been subjected to the edge of therapeutic modalities. However, it is progressively being recognized that the synthetic therapeutic agents have a few limitations particularly in ongoing chronic illnesses like hyperlipidaemia. Hyperlipidaemia is an ailment characterised by an expansion in at least one of the plasma lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma lipoproteins such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) alongside diminished high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Research is continuous to find more current medications and a few novel helpful targets are being investigated for hyperlipidaemia. In the current review, the types of hyperlipidaemia, lipid metabolism, causes and risk factors of hyperlipidaemia has been explained alongsidethe plant derived bioactiveand extracts that have been demonstrated in the past 15 years to have a potential in treatment of hyperlipidaemia has been discussed.
Exploring the Untapped Potential: The Role of Local Resources in Fostering Modern Village Businesses
Authors: Et al. Moeljadi
Published: September 2023

Modern villages are innovative sources of economic growth, harnessing the untapped potential of local resources to drive sustainable development. This study explores the dynamic interplay between local resources and the establishment of modern businesses in Pandansari Lor Village. By adopting a qualitative approach and using interviews and field observations, the research uncovers the distinct local resources that play a pivotal role in the community's economic transformation. The findings demonstrate the significance of natural resources, cultural heritage, and traditional knowledge as drivers of entrepreneurial initiatives, paving the way for the modernization of village businesses. The study not only contributes to the academic literature on rural development, but also provides valuable insights for policymakers and local communities seeking to leverage their inherent resources for sustainable economic growth and community well-being.The development of local resource management today shows that the community already has a tradition to do business, in the form of opening cafes around Coban Jahe waterfall and the cassava processing industry that already has a market outside the village. Industrialization must be based on the local potential of the village, namely processed cassava, and coconut with various variants of product diversification. Village industrialization is carried out in two ways, first the development of various appropriate technologies in the form of production machines to increase the processing capacity of cassava, coconut, and herbal plants, and second, digital technology and automationfor water resources management, namely Hippam management and fish farming. This industrialization process is very important for increasing village production capacity, village product quality and tourism village branding in the future. The development of village industry will be able to accelerate the realization of a modern tourism village.
La Communication dans le Contexte Scolaire Libanais : vecteur de motivation des enseignants
Authors: Gharib Yvette , Rached Patricia
Published: September 2023

Communication in the Lebanese School Context: motivation vector of teachers

The objective of this article is to study the relationship between communication and the determinants of the teachers’ motivation within the same scholar institutions. Therefore, the question of the research is: what quality communication establishes a constructive institutional culture that enhances the teacher’s motivation? Answering this question, a survey is conducted in 28 Lebanese schools and the obtained results, according to the statistic method of multidimensional analysis, show a divergence concerning the views between school leaders and teachers.
Exploration de la traduction automatique neuronale espagnol-français : Pour une traductologie de corpus appliquée à l’analyse des outils de traduction
Authors: Valdez Cristian , Galiano María Lomeña
Published: September 2023

Les systèmes de traduction automatique dite neuronale (TAN), basées sur de grandes masses de données bilingues et monolingues, représentent un saut qualitatif dans le traitement des données linguistiques. Dans certains milieux professionnels, ils se généralisent et deviennent ainsi un véritable outil de traduction. L’enjeu est donc de connaître les avantages et les faiblesses de leur utilisation, ce qui permettrait d’aborder la phase de post-édition de manière plus efficace. Cet article, fondé sur une approche textométrique et traductologique, propose l’exploration d’un corpus parallèle constitué de textes journalistiques en espagnol et de leur traduction en français réalisée par le système générique de TAN DeepL. Un échantillon formé des lexèmes les plus fréquents du corpus a été analysé qualitativement à l’aide du logiciel MkAlign dans le but d’évaluer le résultat du transfert automatique d’informations. L’analyse indique que, dans la majorité des cas, le contenu informationnel concernant les lexèmes étudiés a été correctement transféré en langue cible. De plus, ont été mis en évidence des choix de traduction pertinents au moment du traitement d’expressions anaphoriques. Cependant, le texte cible comporte des erreurs de transfert concernant certains néologismes, des noms propres et des parasynonymes.
PHİLLİPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİNİN GÜNÜMÜZDE GEÇERLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: EKİNCİ Yusuf , GÜZEL Şüheda , KARA Melike Hayriye
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada amaç, Phillips eğrisi analizinin Türkiye’de geçerliliğini 1995-2021 zaman aralığı için yapısal kırılmalı birim kök testi, ARDL sınır testi ve VAR Granger nedensellik testi yöntemleri ile ortaya koymaktır. Yapılan çalışmaların sonucunda 1994 Türkiye Ekonomik Krizi, 1998 Asya Krizi ve 1999 Marmara depreminin etkilerini barındıran 2001 Krizi öncesi 2000 yılı veri seti için önemli bir tarihtir. Yapılan nedensellik testlerinde uzun dönemde ne işsizlikten enflasyona ne de enflasyondan işsizliğe doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanılmamıştır. Ayrıca kısa dönemde iki değişken arasında negatif yönlü ilişki olması, uzun dönemde ise iki değişkene ait prob değerlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olması Friedman’ın Phillips eğrisi görüşünü desteklemekte ve Türkiye’de Phillips eğrisi analizinin kısa dönemde geçerliliğini koruduğunu göstermektedir. VAR Granger nedensellik testinin uzun dönemde nedensellik ilişkisi vermemesi de ARDL analizi sonucunu destekler niteliktedir.
SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ BELİRLENMESİNDE SOSYO-EKONOMİK UNSURLARIN ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE VE SEÇİLMİŞ AB ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: TAŞ Seyhan , ATILGAN Dilek
Published: September 2023

Bireyin ve toplumun sağlık ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi, korunması, geliştirilmesi ve devamlılığının sağlanması için yapılan tüm harcamalar sağlık harcamalarını oluşturmaktadır. Sağlık harcamaları, bireyin ve toplumun sağlık düzeyini ve bilincini yükseltirken, beşeri sermayeye olumlu yönde katkı sağlayarak ekonomik gelişmeyi hızlandırmaktadır. Özellikle iktisadi kalkınmada, beşeri sermayenin öneminin anlaşılması sağlık hizmetleri ve sağlık harcamalarına olan ilginin artmasına yol açmıştır. Bu kapsamda sağlık harcamalarının sürekli artış eğiliminde olması, sağlık harcamalarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve maliyet yaratan unsurların ortaya çıkarılması hem politika yapıcılar hem de araştırmacılar tarafından incelenen önemli konuların başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1995-2019 yılları arasında Türkiye ve veri varlığı durumuna göre seçilmiş 14 AB ülkesi için sağlık harcamalarının belirlenmesinde sosyo-ekonomik unsurların etkilerini araştırmaktır. Sosyal ve ekonomik değişkenler olarak iki farklı model kurulmuş olup ekonometrik tahminler dinamik panel veri yöntemleri ile araştırılmıştır. Analizler sonucu elde edilen bulgular, sosyal değişkenler üzerine kurulmuş modelde sağlık harcamalarının belirleyicilerini etkileyen en önemli unsurun doğuşta yaşam beklentisi olduğunu, ekonomik değişkenler üzerine kurulmuş modelde ise sağlık harcamalarının belirleyicilerini etkileyen en önemli unsurun kişi başı gelir ve enflasyon oranı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
PARA POLİTİKASI ÖDEMELER BİLANÇOSU İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KARAKIZ Esma , BAYLAN Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Türkiye ekonomisinin kronik problemlerinden birisi ödemeler bilançosundaki dengesizliklerdir. İktisat literatüründe bu dengenin para politikası kararlarından hızlıca etkilendiği varsayılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de para politikası ile ödemeler bilançosu arasındaki ilişki zaman serisi analizi ile incelenmiştir. 1990-2020 dönemine ait yıllık verilerin kullanıldığı çalışmada değişkenlerin durağanlığı ADF birim kök testi ile sınanmıştır. Serilerin birinci farkları alınarak durağan hale getirildikten sonra aralarında uzun dönemli ilişkiyi saptamak için Johansen Eş Bütünleşme testi ve Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular; bankların özel sektöre sağladığı krediler ile cari işlemler dengesi arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Kredilerde meydana gelen 1 birimlik bir artış, cari açığı 0.18 birim azaltmaktadır. Ayrıca mal ve hizmet ihracatı ile cari işlemler dengesi arasında da pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Mal ve hizmet ihracatında meydana gelen 1 birimlik artış, cari açığı 0.55 birim azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılırken, değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmüştür. Cari işlemler dengesinde meydana gelen şokların ise her bir yılda %71 düzeyinde azalış göstererek ortalamaya döndüğü tespit edilmiştir.