bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Gabapentin for Pain and Agitation in Neonates and Infants in a Neonatal ICU
Authors: Sacha Gretchen L. , Foreman Maria G. , Kyllonen Kay , Rodriguez Ricardo J.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVES

Limited data support how to safely and effectively treat refractory pain and agitation in neonates and infants. Gabapentin has been used in this patient population and has shown promising results, yet there is still a paucity of data about its clinical efficacy. There is a need for a larger evaluation to determine its effectiveness. This study describes one institution's experience with gabapentin for the treatment of refractory pain and agitation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

METHODS

This was a retrospective, observational evaluation of patients who received gabapentin in the level IV NICU at the Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital. Changes in neonatal pain, agitation, and sedation scale (N-PASS) scores and analgesic and sedative medication requirements were analyzed, as were gabapentin dose requirements and adverse reactions.

RESULTS

Between January 2012 and November 2015, 22 patients received gabapentin and were included in this study. The average gabapentin starting dose was 10.2 mg/kg/day, with maximum doses up to 25.5 mg/kg/day. The median N-PASS score at gabapentin therapy initiation was 3.1 and after gabapentin initiation the last N-PASS score documented was 0 in all but 5 patients. Gabapentin use reduced the need for analgesic or sedative medications. The drug was well tolerated, and only 1 patient experienced an adverse reaction to gabapentin (i.e., nystagmus).

CONCLUSIONS

Gabapentin was well tolerated and associated with decreases in pain scores. It's use resulted in decreased requirements for analgesic and sedative medications. Gabapentin therapy appears to be an effective option for neonates and infants with refractory pain and agitation.
Extended Infusion of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Children
Authors: Knoderer Chad A. , Karmire Lauren C. , Andricopulos Katie L. , Nichols Kristen R.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVES

Extended-infusion piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) has been associated with positive clinical outcomes in adults, but similar data in children are lacking. The objective of this study was to describe efficacy outcomes with pediatric patients receiving extended-infusion TZP.

METHODS

This was a retrospective case series of children aged 1 month to 17 years who had documented Gram-negative infection and received extended-infusion TZP between April 2011 and March 2012. The primary outcome was 21-day clinical cure defined as negative follow-up cultures, where available, and infection resolution.

RESULTS

Fifty children with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 5 (2–9) years were included in the study. Patients received a median (IQR) TZP dose of 111.4 (100–112.5) mg/kg administered every 8 hours over 4 hours. Clinical and microbiologic cure were observed in 74% and 100% of patients, respectively. Patients not meeting criterial for 21-day clinical cure were younger (1 vs 7 years, p = 0.087) and had a longer length of hospital stay (23 vs 11 days, p = 0.037).

CONCLUSIONS

The majority of children in this cohort achieved 21-day clinical cure with extended-interval TZP. Those without clinical cure tended to be younger and critically ill. Additional comparative studies evaluating traditional and extended-infusion TZP in children are needed.
Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Children With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Kumarachandran Ganesh , Johnson Jennifer Kristie , Shirley Debbie-Ann , Graffunder Eileen , Heil Emily L.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVES

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a common infection, associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children. Factors associated with adverse treatment outcomes are poorly understood in the pediatric population.

METHODS

Our study compared clinical and microbiologic characteristics of children admitted during a 5-year period (2007–2012) to a large university-based hospital and found to have S aureus bacteremia with outcome measures, in order to identify risk factors associated with treatment failure (defined as 30-day mortality, delayed microbiologic resolution, or recurrence of S aureus bacteremia within 60 days of completing effective antibiotic therapy).

RESULTS

In all, 71 patients were found to have S aureus bacteremia, and of these, 17 patients (24%) experienced treatment failure. Based on the logistic regression model, only high vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration in combination with a high-risk source of infection (i.e., infected graft or device, intra-abdominal infection, or respiratory tract infection) was significantly associated with risk of treatment failure.

CONCLUSIONS

Infection associated with a high-risk source may increase the chance of treatment failure in pediatric patients with S aureus bacteremia. Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration alone was not found to be a predictor of treatment outcomes.
Rectal Metyrapone for Treatment of Hypercortisolism in an Infant with McCune-Albright Syndrome
Authors: Verbeeten Kate , Hadjiyannakis Stasia , Cameron Melody , McDonald Jaime
Published: June 2017

Infantile Cushing syndrome is an infrequent yet potentially fatal manifestation of McCune-Albright syndrome, for which there are few safe treatments available. Ketoconazole is limited by potential hepatotoxicity in this population. Metyrapone may be an effective treatment, but it may not be tolerated when given orally. An infant with McCune-Albright syndrome presented with severe Cushing syndrome. Oral metyrapone resulted in feeding refusal, and ketoconazole caused an increase in liver enzymes; however, she was successfully treated with metyrapone given rectally. The patient avoided a feeding tube, and her serum cortisol concentration was lowered to a safe level. Metyrapone given per rectum may be a safe and effective alternative to oral metyrapone in treating young children with Cushing syndrome.
La Fabula de homine de Juan Luis Vives en la tradición literaria antigua y renacentista
Authors: Fernando Hernández Luis
Published: June 2017

La Fabula de homine, escrita por el joven Juan Luis Vives en 1518, ha sido interpretada de dos modos distintos: como encomio de la dignidad humana (por ejemplo, E. De Bom) y como una visión renacentista del hombre en cuanto ser social (por ejemplo, J. A. Fernández Santamaría). En este artículo, considerando ambas interpretaciones como válidas, se estudian con más profundidad algunos aspectos de la Fabula (dentro de su género y contexto) que no han sido suficientemente considerados por algunos estudiosos y que enriquecen las dos interpretaciones de la Fabula. Este artículo trata, por tanto, de determinar con mayor exactitud el papel que tienen las influencias greco-romanas y cristianas en esta obra.The Fabula de homine, written by the young Juan Luis Vives in 1518, has been interpreted in two different ways: homage of the dignity of man (e.g. E. De Bom), and a Renaissance vision of man as a social being (e.g. J. A. Fernández Santamaría). Even if this paper considers valid both interpretations, it explores nevertheless more points that haven’t been examined enough by scholars and that can enrich both interpretations. This paper tries to determine more accurately the role of both Christian and Greco-Roman literature influences in the Fabula.
Anotaciones al tratamiento de los mitos en los Comentarios a la Ciudad de Dios de San Agustín de Juan Luis Vives
Authors: Fernández Requena Pedro
Published: June 2017

En este artículo, se pretende describir de forma sintética la manera en que Luis Vives comenta la rica variedad temática de la Ciudad de Dios, muy particularmente sus anotaciones religiosas y mitológicas. San Agustín se vale en su Ciudad de Dios de cuantiosos mitos, con tal de apoyar y justificar su pensamiento de raigambre cristiana en una sociedad en profundo cambio. Por su parte, Luis Vives no tiene como objetivo intelectual introducirse en el pensamiento del doctor de Hipona, sino anotar el texto agustiniano. El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo, no sólo tratar las anotaciones que Luis Vives efectúa de los mitos empleados por San Agustín, sino también establecer una casuística, poniendo algunos ejemplos claros. Dichos ejemplos se clasificarán en las siguientes categorías: localización de citas, aclaración de palabra, aclaración general o contextual, explicación de personaje y nueva lectura o interpretación.The aim of this article is to describe the way in which Juan Luis Vives comments the rich thematic variety of The City of God, especially his religious and mythological notes. Saint Augustine makes use of several myths, in order to support and justify his belief in Christian roots in a society in profound change. For his part, Luis Vives has not as an intellectual goal to go deep into the mentality of doctor of Hippo, but to note the Augustinian text. The main purpose of this article is not only to consider the comments that Luis Vives made of the myths employed by Saint Augustine, but also to establish a casuistry, indicating specific examples. These examples are classified in the following categories: citation location, word clarification, general or contextual clarification, explanation of mythological figure and new reading or interpretation.
El matrimonio en el pensamiento social de Luis Vives: entre la antropología y la teoría política
Authors: García Pilán Pedro
Published: June 2017

Se estudia el pensamiento de Vives acerca del matrimonio, defendiendo que este forma parte no sólo de sus ideas pedagógicas, sino también de su pensamiento social. Se analiza primero el matrimonio como ley natural y, más extensamente, como ley humana. Se ponen de manifiesto algunas similitudes entre las ideas expuestas por el humanista y la moderna antropología del parentesco, especialmente en lo relativo a la relación entre prohibición del incesto y exogamia. El sistema de subordinación de género que se desprende del análisis de Vives permite ubicar a este como un teórico del patriarcado moderno, con implicaciones políticas y sociales.Vives’ thinking about marriage is studied, arguing that this forms part not only of his pedagogical ideas, but also of his social thought. Marriage is first analyzed as a natural law and, more extensively, as a human law. Some similarities between the ideas put forward by Vives and the modern anthropology of kinship are revealed, especially in relation to the relation between prohibition of incest and exogamy. The system of gender subordination that emerges from the analysis of Vives allows to locate this as a theoretician of modern patriarchy, with political and social implications.
Número complet
Authors: . VIVESIANA
Published: June 2017

Número complet
No relationship between vertebral column shifts and limb fluctuating asymmetry in human foetuses
Authors: ten Broek Clara M.A. , Bots Jessica , Bugiani Marianna , Galis Frietson , Van Dongen Stefan
Published: June 2017

Disturbance from the normal developmental trajectory of a trait during growth—the so-called developmental instability—can be observed morphologically through phenodeviants and subtle deviations from perfect symmetry (fluctuating asymmetry). This study investigates the relationship between phenodeviance in the human vertebral column (as a result of axial patterning defects) and limb fluctuating asymmetry. Since both types of markers of developmental instability have been found associated with congenital abnormalities in humans, we anticipate a relationship between them if the concept of developmental instability, measured through either phenodeviants or asymmetry, would reflect an organism-wide process. Yet we did not find any support for this hypothesis. We argue that the vast differences in the developmental processes involved in both systems renders these two markers of developmental instability unrelated, in spite of their associations with other congenital abnormalities. Our results thus contribute to the growing awareness that developmental instability is not an organism-wide property.
DOC concentrations across a depth-dependent light gradient on a Caribbean coral reef
Authors: Mueller Benjamin , Meesters Erik H. , van Duyl Fleur C.
Published: June 2017

Photosynthates released by benthic primary producers (BPP), such as reef algae and scleractinian corals, fuel the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) production on tropical coral reefs. DOC concentrations near BPP have repeatedly been observed to be elevated compared to those in the surrounding water column. As the DOC release of BPP increases with increasing light availability, elevated DOC concentrations near them will, in part, also depend on light availability. Consequently, DOC concentrations are likely to be higher on the shallow, well-lit reef terrace than in deeper sections on the fore reef slope. We measured in situ DOC concentrations and light intensity in close proximity to the reef alga Dictyota sp. and the scleractinian coral Orbicella faveolata along a depth-dependent light gradient from 5 to 20 m depth and compared these to background concentrations in the water column. At 10 m (intermediate light), DOC concentrations near Dictyota sp. were elevated by 15 µmol C L−1 compared to background concentrations in the water column, but not at 5 and 20 m (high and low light, respectively), or near O. faveolata at any of the tested depths. DOC concentrations did not differ between depths and thereby light environments for any of the tested water types. However, water type and depth appear to jointly affect in situ DOC concentrations across the tested depth-dependent light gradient. Corroborative ex situ measurements of excitation pressure on photosystem II suggest that photoinhibition in Dictyota sp. is likely to occur at light intensities that are commonly present on Curaçaoan coral reefs under high light levels at 5 m depth during midday. Photoinhibition may have thereby reduced the DOC release of Dictyota sp. and DOC concentrations in its close proximity. Our results indicate that the occurrence of elevated DOC concentrations did not follow a natural light gradient across depth. Instead, a combination of multiple factors, such as water type, light availability (including the restriction by photoinhibition), and water movement are proposed to interactively determine the DOC concentrations in the close vicinity of BPP.
ESPORTE, CULTURA CORPORAL E HEGEMONIA
Authors: Neto Gabriel Pereira Paes , Furtado Renan Santos , Oliveira Ney Cristina Monteiro de
Published: June 2017

Nossa pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, na qual utilizamos a revisão bibliográfica para analisar o esporte, seu desenvolvimento histórico, social, cultural, cujo enfoque é a contradição do fenômeno em questão. Realiza-se a análise da prática pedagógica a partir da fundamentação na cultura corporal e na pedagogia histórico-crítica. O esporte deve ser entendido como um aparelho privado de hegemonia, diante de projetos societais diferentes, elaboradas, difundidos e disputados, então, o esporte integra o Estado em sentido ampliado e é atravessado pela luta de classes. Analisou-se que o esporte é um fenômeno próprio dos seres humanos e que se constitui como parte do conjunto do saber sobre a produção humana e que deve ser socializado à humanidade.
NOTAS SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE CORPO, TRABALHO E FORMAÇÃO HUMANA A PARTIR DA ONTOLOGIA DO SER SOCIAL
Authors: Silva Hugo Leonardo Fonseca da
Published: June 2017

Este artigo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre como a organização corporal humana sintetiza numerosas determinações que expressam a dinâmica contraditória entre humanização e alienação. Por meio do método ontológico-genético identifico e analiso como a organização corporal e a corporalidade humanas expressam mediações no processo de formação do indivíduo mediante a dialética entre objetividade e subjetividade constituída pelos elementos naturais condicionados às determinações sócio-históricas. O estudo aponta a necessidade de compreender a trajetória histórica da formação corporal humana no interior do processo de humanização da natureza por meio do trabalho, cujas expressões tendem constituir modos de educação em que o indivíduo estabelece uma relação consciente com o gênero humano mediado pela cultura corporal.
FAVARO, Neide. Pedagogia histórico-crítica e sua estratégia política: fundamentos e limites (Resenha).
Authors: Tumolo Paulo Sergio
Published: June 2017

Resenha do livro

FAVARO, Neide. Pedagogia histórico-crítica e sua estratégia política: fundamentos e limites. Florianópolis : Em Debate / UFSC, 2015. 698 p. 
EXCLUSÃO DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL NO MUNDO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Barbosa Lana Cristina , Marinho Bruna Ramos , Rodrigues Alves Clarice Goncalves , Da Silva Virginia Marme
Published: June 2017

RESUMO

A finalidade deste trabalho foi de oportunizar a reflexão acerca da ideia produzida pela sociedade burguesa de que a dificuldade do ingresso da pessoa com deficiência intelectual no mercado de trabalho se justifica pela sua suposta improdutividade. O pressuposto metodológico do Materialismo Dialético e a crítica marxista respaldou a análise da realidade concreta do sistema metabólico do capital que tem demandado a dificuldade histórica da pessoa com deficiência intelectual em se colocar no mercado de trabalho. É lacônico a discussão a respeito da sua educação para que dessa forma possamos negar o critérios de eficiência e produtividade que respalda o arcabouço teórico da escola.

 

Palavras-chave: Improdutividade. Pessoas com deficiência intelectual. Legislação.
A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR: UM NOVO EPISÓDIO DE ESVAZIAMENTO DA ESCOLA NO BRASIL
Authors: Marsiglia Ana Carolina Galvão , Pina Leonardo Docena , Machado Vinícius De Oliveira , Lima Marcelo
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os princípios presentes na formulação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Buscamos, por meio da análise documental dos fundamentos pedagógicos de sua segunda versão e estrutura geral da terceira versão, demonstrar que a sua elaboração atende aos interesses da classe empresarial e é mais um episódio de esvaziamento da escola no Brasil. Ao mesmo tempo, a partir de referências da pedagogia histórico-crítica, apontamos uma concepção curricular que defende que o principal objetivo da educação escolar é propiciar à classe trabalhadora o domínio dos conhecimentos clássicos.
CRÍTICA DA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Peixoto Elza Margarida de Mendonça
Published: June 2017

Apanhar múltiplas determinações da política educacional no Brasil é a tarefa – não necessariamente esgotada – que este V. 9, N. 1 de Germinal: Marxismo e Educação em Debate se impõe, em uma Conjuntura em que a luta de classes não dá trégua, o capital avança vorazmente contra direitos civis, políticos, sociais e trabalhistas e a classe trabalhadora brasileira – derrotada e dividida (IASI, 2017, p. 376) em decorrência do apassivamento do último período – principia o processo de ocupar as ruas em resistência!! Nos últimos 10 meses o ilegítimo Governo Temer – com um dos menores índices de aprovação da história dos Governos no Brasil (4%), o que demonstra que ser impopular não é sufiente para derrubar um governo – segue empenhado num conjunto de reformas trabalhista, da previdência e educacional assentadas numa agenda conservadora, configurando-se uma reforma constitucional, que, nos limites de referência da democracia burguesa, não passou pelo crivo das urnas.
UMA EVIDENCIAÇÃO DAS TÉCNICAS DE ENSINO APLICADAS NO CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: MARTINS THULIO BUSTORFF FEODRIPPE DE OLIVEIRA , PAIVA SIMONE BASTOS
Published: June 2017

O estudo teve por objetivo evidenciar as técnicas de ensino aplicadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem pelos docentes do curso de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, na perspectiva dos alunos. Para tanto, procedeu-se a revisão da literatura referente ao ensino da Contabilidade e à Didática, e realizou-se uma pesquisa empírica junto a alunos que estavam cursando do quinto período letivo em diante no referido curso. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, quantitativo, realizado através de um levantamento de campo. Os dados foram coletados com a aplicação de um questionário a 105 alunos, cujos resultados evidenciaram que no curso há predominância do uso de técnicas de ensino tradicionais, como a aula expositiva, apesar de os alunos sentirem-se mais motivados ao aprendizado diante de técnicas de ensino diversificadas, dinâmicas e inovadoras. Os resultados evidenciaram a necessidade de se repensar a prática docente no contexto do curso, levando-se em consideração o perfil de uma nova geração de alunos.
ANÁLISE DAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS PESQUISAS EM CONTABILIDADE PUBLICADAS EM PERIÓDICOS NACIONAIS
Authors: Gomes Gilvania De Sousa , Lemes Sirlei
Published: June 2017

Este estudo apresenta relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre as características das pesquisas publicadas nos periódicos nacionais. Após a análise de conteúdo de uma amostra de 198 artigos foram verificados os vínculos entre os atributos dos textos. Dentre os principais resultados, o tema Contabilidade Governamental e Terceiro Setor é mais abordado nos periódicos mais jovens, onde se destaca também a presença dos tipos teórico-empíricos; na postura teórica normativa a maioria dos estudos é teórica, enquanto que na positiva o predomínio é dos teórico-empíricos; os textos com abordagem teórica macroeconômica discutem principalmente os assuntos Contabilidade para Usuários Externos e Mercado Financeiro, de Créditos e Capitais. As estratégias de pesquisa mais utilizadas nos estudos teórico-empíricos são os levantamentos e estudos de caso e a maior parte das pesquisas sobre Contabilidade para Usuários Externos coletou dados de forma documental. Sugere-se que novas pesquisas verifiquem a relação estatística entre as características epistemológicas e metodológicas.
ANÁLISE DAS DESPESAS PÚBLICAS CORRENTES NO ÂMBITO DO GOVERNO DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA
Authors: Pereira Victor , JACINTO LUCIVANIA
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho desenvolve um estudo aprofundado sobre as Despesas Correntes do Governo do Estado da Paraíba, no período de 2008 a 2011, com o objetivo de conhecer qual o comportamento orçamentário desses dispêndios de caráter contínuo. Os dados utilizados para proceder à análise das despesas correntes foram coletados do Relatório Resumido da Execução Orçamentária, também disponível no sítio eletrônico da STN. Utilizou-se de pesquisa quantitativa para mensurar os dados. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, tornou-se possível interpretar as informações reveladas com os dados representados nas tabelas. Os resultados constatados foram que o Governo do Estado, no período em destaque, não atendeu aos limites impostos pela LRF, relativos à rubrica Pessoal e Encargos Sociais, em todos os anos analisados. Do exposto, conclui-se que os gestores precisam empreender mais esforços para melhorar o planejamento e, consequentemente, a execução orçamentária dos dispêndios públicos realizados no âmbito do governo investigado no estudo.
O GERENCIAMENTO DE RESULTADOS E A REMUNERAÇÃO VARIÁVEL DOS EXECUTIVOS DAS COMPANHIAS BRASILEIRAS LISTADAS NA BM&FBOVESPA
Authors: Hoff Jhonatan , Vicente Ernesto Fernando Rodrigues
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a relação existente entre a remuneração variável dos executivos e o gerenciamento de resultados das empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBovespa. Para tanto, analisou-se um total de 96 empresas durante o período compreendido entre os anos de 2012 a 2014. Os resultados das analises permitiram identificar uma relação linear entre as acumulações discricionárias, utilizadas neste trabalho como proxy para o gerenciamento de resultados, e a remuneração variável dos executivos. As evidências encontradas demonstram que as acumulações discricionárias possuem poder preditivo para explicar o comportamento da remuneração variável. À medida que os accruals aumentam, a remuneração tende a aumentar, ou seja, há uma relação positiva e significante entre as variáveis estudadas.
A paisagem pitoresca e o daguerreótipo no pensamento geográfico de Alexander Von Humboldt
Authors: Flores Teresa Mendes
Published: June 2017

Este artigo apresenta a discussão crítica do explorador Alexander Von Humboldt quanto ao papel cognitivo das imagens na constituição da moderna Geografia Física. Fá-lo a partir da análise compreensiva de alguns textos seminais deste cientista, bem como de fontes indiretas. O daguerreótipo, a forma fotográfica sobre a qual Humboldt foi convidado a pronunciar-se como especialista da Academia das Ciências francesa, assegurava a vantagem da automatização e do rigor descritivo, mas à custa de introduzir uma profusão de detalhes considerados perturbadores da visão da “massa do Todo”, o fenómeno que Humboldt procurou constituir como objeto de uma nova geografia naturalista, no contexto do pensamento romântico alemão. O nosso objetivo neste artigo é sublinhar a complexidade de discursividades com que se teceu a introdução da fotografia na atividade científica, com reflexos na receção cultural mais geral.
Acervos imagéticos e memória
Authors: Manini Miriam Paula
Published: June 2017

Este artigo propõe reflexões sobre imagens fixas – fotografias e similares – e imagens em movimento – filmes em geral – pertencentes a acervos institucionais, sejam arquivos, bibliotecas, centros de documentação, memória e informação. Tais reflexões são apresentadas segundo uma abordagem pelo viés da memória. Trata, portanto, da importância das instituições custodiadoras e mantenedoras de acervos fotográficos e fílmicos; dos aspectos comunicacionais da rememoração por imagem pelos indivíduos; e dos aspectos informacionais do tratamento da memória imagética nos acervos. O impulso inicial que justifica nossas colocações é a observação dos resultados finais do projeto “Documentos Audiovisuais, Informação e Memória: identificação de acervos fotográficos e fílmicos no Distrito Federal”, financiado pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, que mapeou a produção e a acumulação de registros audiovisuais no Distrito Federal, abrangendo a cidade de Brasília, nesta primeira fase. Os tópicos elencados foram extraídos de anotações feitas durante a realização do “II Seminário Aberto do Grupo de Pesquisa Imagem, Memória e Informação (IMI) – Encerramento do Projeto IMI/CNPq”, entre os dias 17 e 21 de outubro de 2016, para o qual programamos um seminário, uma exposição fotográfica e uma mostra de filmes (CINIMI), entre outras atividades. Levamos aos participantes os seguintes assuntos: a importância do tema memória, que foi estudado ao longo dos 36 meses de trabalho não só pelos pesquisadores envolvidos, mas principalmente pelos estudantes de graduação (Iniciação Científica); a relevância do tema patrimônio audiovisual, sobre o qual nos debruçamos igualmente com o fito de focar com mais acurácia a abordagem pretendida na pesquisa de campo; o percurso metodológico empreendido por 14 estudantes de iniciação científica; e, finalmente, o coroamento de todo este trabalho coletivo, nos resultados alcançados com a pesquisa como um todo.
The tropical precipitation pickup threshold and clouds in a radiative convective equilibrium model: 2. Two‐layer moisture
Authors: Igel Matthew R.
Published: June 2017

This paper complements Part 1 in which cloud processes of aggregated convection are examined in a large‐domain radiative convective equilibrium simulation in order to uncover those responsible for a consistently observed, abrupt increase in mean precipitation at a column relative humidity value of approximately 77%. In Part 2, the focus is on how the transition is affected independently by total moisture above and below the base of the melting layer. When mean precipitation rates are examined as simultaneous functions of these two moisture layers, four distinct behaviors are observed. These four behaviors suggest unique, yet familiar, physical regimes in which (i) little rain is produced by infrequent clouds, (ii) shallow convection produces increasing warm rain with increasing low‐level moisture, (iii) deep convection produces progressively heavier rain above the transition point with increasing total moisture, and (iv) deep stratiform cloud produces increasingly intense precipitation from melting for increasing upper level moisture. The independent thresholds separating regimes in upper and lower layer humidity are shown to result in the value of total column humidity at which a transition between clear air and deep convection, and therefore a pickup in precipitation, is possible. All four regimes force atmospheric columns toward the pickup value at 77% column humidity, but each does so through a unique set of physical processes. Layer moisture and microphysical budgets are analyzed and contrasted with column budgets.
Two regions of seafloor deformation generated the tsunami for the 13 November 2016, Kaikoura, New Zealand earthquake
Authors: Bai Yefei , Lay Thorne , Cheung Kwok Fai , Ye Lingling
Published: June 2017

The 13 November 2016 Kaikoura, New Zealand, Mw 7.8 earthquake ruptured multiple crustal faults in the transpressional Marlborough and North Canterbury tectonic domains of northeastern South Island. The Hikurangi trench and underthrust Pacific slab terminate in the region south of Kaikoura, as the subdution zone transitions to the Alpine fault strike‐slip regime. It is difficult to establish whether any coseismic slip occurred on the megathrust from on‐land observations. The rupture generated a tsunami well recorded at tide gauges along the eastern coasts and in Chatham Islands, including a ~4 m crest‐to‐trough signal at Kaikoura where coastal uplift was about 1 m, and at multiple gauges in Wellington Harbor. Iterative modeling of teleseismic body waves and the regional water‐level recordings establishes that two regions of seafloor motion produced the tsunami, including an Mw ~7.6 rupture on the megathrust below Kaikoura and comparable size transpressional crustal faulting extending offshore near Cook Strait.
Crustal structure, gravity anomalies, and subsidence history of the Parnaíba cratonic basin, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Tozer B. , Watts A. B. , Daly M. C.
Published: June 2017

Cratonic basins cover more than 10% of Earth's continental surface area, yet their origin remains enigmatic. Here we use a 1400 km long, deep (20 s two‐way travel time) seismic reflection profile, five wide‐angle split‐spread receiver gathers, gravity anomaly, and well data to constrain the origin of the Parnaíba Basin, a cratonic basin in Northeast Brazil. In the center of the basin, the depth to pre‐Paleozoic basement is ~3.3 km, a zone of midcrustal reflectivity (MCR) can be traced laterally for ~250 km at depths between 17 and 25 km and Moho depth is ~42 ± 2 km. Gravity and P wave modeling suggests that the MCR represents the upper surface of a high density (2985 kg m−3) and Vp (6.75–7.0 km s−1) lower crustal body, likely of magmatic origin. Backstripping of well data shows a concave up decreasing tectonic subsidence, similar in form to that observed in rift‐type basins. We show, however, that our seismic and gravity data are inconsistent with an extensional origin. Other basin forming mechanisms are therefore required. We show that an intrusive body in the lower crust that has loaded and flexed the surface of the crust, combined with sediment loading, provides a satisfactory fit to the observed gravity anomaly. A buried load model is consistent with seismic data, which suggest that the Moho is as deep or deeper beneath the basin center than its flanks and accounts for at least part of the tectonic subsidence through a viscoelastic stress relaxation that occurs in the lithosphere following load emplacement.
Early/fast VLF events produced by the quiescent heating of the lower ionosphere by thunderstorms
Authors: Kabirzadeh R. , Marshall R. A. , Inan U. S.
Published: June 2017

Large and easily distinguishable perturbations of the VLF transmitter signals due to interactions with thundercloud‐driven ionospheric modifications have been observed and studied for about three decades. These events are called “early/fast VLF” or “early VLF” events due to their immediate detection (∼20 ms) after the causative lightning flash on the ground and the fast rise time of the perturbed signal. Despite many years of study, the physical mechanisms responsible for these perturbations are still under investigation. Modifications of the sustained heating level of the ionosphere due to a lightning flash has been previously proposed as the causative mechanism of early/fast VLF events. The perturbations predicted by this mechanism, however, have been much smaller than experimental observations of 0.2–1 dB or higher. In this study, by using an improved 3‐D thundercloud electrostatic upward coupling model which uses a realistic geomagnetic field, we find that the sustained heating model can predict perturbations that are consistent with reported experimental observations. Modifications in the quiescent heating of the lower ionosphere by thundercloud fields by individual lightning flashes may thus account for some observations of early/fast VLF events.
Mammalian‐enabled (MENA) protein enhances oncogenic potential and cancer stem cell‐like phenotype in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Hu Kunpeng , Huang Pinzhu , Luo Hui , Yao Zhicheng , Wang Qingliang , Xiong Zhiyong , Lin Jizong , Huang He , Xu Shilei , Zhang Peng , Liu Bo
Published: June 2017

Mammalian‐enabled (MENA) protein is an actin‐regulatory protein that influences cell motility and adhesion. It is known to play a role in tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic potential of MENA and its capacity to regulate cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like phenotypes in HCC cells. Real‐time‐PCR and western blot were used to assess mRNA and protein levels of target genes in human HCC tissue specimens and HCC cell lines, respectively. Stable MENA‐overexpressing HCC cells were generated from HCC cell lines. Transwell cell migration and colony formation assays were employed to evaluate tumorigenicity. Ectopic expression of MENA significantly enhanced cell migration and colony‐forming ability in HCC cells. Overexpression of MENA upregulated several hepatic progenitor/stem cell markers in HCC cells. A high MENA protein level was associated with high mRNA levels of MENA, CD133, cytokeratin 19 (CK19), and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in human HCC tissues. Overexpression of MENA enhanced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation, and the level of β‐catenin in HCC cells. This study demonstrated that overexpression of MENA in HCC cells promoted stem cell markers, EMT markers, and tumorigenicity. These effects may involve, at least partially, the ERK and β‐catenin signaling pathways.
Conformational transition pathway of R308K mutant glucokinase in the presence of the glucokinase activator YNKGKA4
Authors: Yellapu Nanda Kumar , Kandlapalli Kalpana , Kandimalla Ramesh , Adi Pradeepkiran Jangampalli
Published: June 2017

Glucokinase (GK) plays a vital role in the control of blood glucose levels and its altered activity can lead to the development of forms of diabetes. We have previously identified a mutant GK (R308K) in patients with type 2 diabetes with reduced enzyme activity. In the present study, the activation mechanism of GK from super‐open to the closed state under wild‐type and mutant conditions in the presence of the novel aminophosphonate derivative YNKGKA4 (an allosteric activator of GK) was characterized via a series of molecular dynamics simulations. A reliable conformational transition pathway of GK was observed from super‐open to closed state during trajectory analysis. Glucose was also observed to modulate its binding orientation in the active site but with stable moments in the cavity. These observations provide insights into the complicated conformational transitions in the presence of YNKGKA4 and the molecular mechanism of GK activators for the allosteric regulation of mutant forms of GK.
ErbB2 signaling epigenetically suppresses microRNA‐205 transcription via Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in breast cancer
Authors: Hasegawa Takuya , Adachi Ryohei , Iwakata Hitoshi , Takeno Takayoshi , Sato Koji , Sakamaki Toshiyuki
Published: June 2017

We previously reported that microRNA‐205 (miR‐205) is downregulated by overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 and that ectopic transfection of miR‐205 precursor decreases ErbB2 tumorigenicity in soft agar. In this study, we further analyzed the regulatory mechanisms linking ErbB2 overexpression and miR‐205 downregulation. In ErbB2‐overexpressing breast epithelial cells, miR‐205 expression was significantly increased by treatment with MEK inhibitor U0126 or PD98059, Raf‐1 inhibitor ZM‐336372, and ERK inhibitor SCH772984, but PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 had no effect. We established breast epithelial cells overexpressing RafCAAX, a constitutively active form of Raf‐1, and showed that overexpression of RafCAAX dramatically reduced miR‐205 expression. In RafCAAX‐overexpressing cells, miR‐205 expression was also significantly increased by SCH772984. Moreover, miR‐205 expression was significantly increased by treatment with DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine and expression of several DNMT family members was increased in both ErbB2‐ and RafCAAX‐overexpressing cells. DNA methylation analysis by bisulfite sequencing revealed that the putative miR‐205 promoters were predominantly hypermethylated in both ErbB2‐ and RafCAAX‐overexpressing cells. Reporter activity of the putative miR‐205 promoters was reduced in both ErbB2‐overexpressing and RafCAAX‐overexpressing cells. Together, these findings indicate that ErbB2 signaling epigenetically suppresses miR‐205 transcription via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.
Effortful control, exposure to community violence, and aggressive behavior: Exploring cross‐lagged relations in adolescence
Authors: Esposito Concetta , Bacchini Dario , Eisenberg Nancy , Affuso Gaetana
Published: June 2017

Self‐regulation processes and violent contexts play an important role in predicting adolescents’ aggressive behavior; less clear is how all three constructs are linked to each other over time. The present study examined the longitudinal relations among adolescents’ self‐reported effortful control (EC), exposure to community violence, both as a witness and as a victim, and aggressive behavior. Participants were 768 Italian adolescents (358 males) living in a high‐risk context, with a mean age at T1 of 11 years in the younger cohort and 14 years in the older cohort. In a four‐wave cross‐lagged panel design, low EC was a strong predictor of aggressive behavior across each time point, whereas aggressive behavior was found to positively predict adolescents’ violence exposure both as witnesses and victims. Some evidence of transactional relations was also found between adjustment problems and exposure to community violence and between EC and externalizing problems. Moreover, EC was indirectly related to exposure to violence through externalizing problems, and mediated the relation of witnessing community violence to aggression, thus supporting the view that top‐down regulatory processes play a complex role in the development of violence and other externalizing problems. The importance of considering interventions that take in account these complex relations is discussed.
Iodine Vacancy Redistribution in Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films and Resistive Switching Effects
Authors: Zhu Xiaojian , Lee Jihang , Lu Wei D.
Published: June 2017

Organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OHP) materials, for example, CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), have attracted significant interest for applications such as solar cells, photodectors, light‐emitting diodes, and lasers. Previous studies have shown that charged defects can migrate in perovskites under an electric field and/or light illumination, potentially preventing these devices from practical applications. Understanding and control of the defect generation and movement will not only lead to more stable devices but also new device concepts. Here, it is shown that the formation/annihilation of iodine vacancies (VI's) in MAPbI3 films, driven by electric fields and light illumination, can induce pronounced resistive switching effects. Due to a low diffusion energy barrier (≈0.17 eV), the VI's can readily drift under an electric field, and spontaneously diffuse with a concentration gradient. It is shown that the VI diffusion process can be suppressed by controlling the affinity of the contact electrode material to I− ions, or by light illumination. An electrical‐write and optical‐erase memory element is further demonstrated by coupling ion migration with electric fields and light illumination. These results provide guidance toward improved stability and performance of perovskite‐based optoelectronic systems, and can lead to the development of solid‐state devices that couple ionics, electronics, and optics.
Near‐Unity Emitting Copper‐Doped Colloidal Semiconductor Quantum Wells for Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Authors: Sharma Manoj , Gungor Kivanc , Yeltik Aydan , Olutas Murat , Guzelturk Burak , Kelestemur Yusuf , Erdem Talha , Delikanli Savas , McBride James R. , Demir Hilmi Volkan
Published: June 2017

Doping of bulk semiconductors has revealed widespread success in optoelectronic applications. In the past few decades, substantial effort has been engaged for doping at the nanoscale. Recently, doped colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have been demonstrated to be promising materials for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) as they can be engineered for providing highly tunable and Stokes‐shifted emission in the solar spectrum. However, existing doped CQDs that are aimed for full solar spectrum LSCs suffer from moderately low quantum efficiency, intrinsically small absorption cross‐section, and gradually increasing absorption profiles coinciding with the emission spectrum, which together fundamentally limit their effective usage. Here, the authors show the first account of copper doping into atomically flat colloidal quantum wells (CQWs). In addition to Stokes‐shifted and tunable dopant‐induced photoluminescence emission, the copper doping into CQWs enables near‐unity quantum efficiencies (up to ≈97%), accompanied by substantially high absorption cross‐section and inherently step‐like absorption profile, compared to those of the doped CQDs. Based on these exceptional properties, the authors have demonstrated by both experimental analysis and numerical modeling that these newly synthesized doped CQWs are excellent candidates for LSCs. These findings may open new directions for deployment of doped CQWs in LSCs for advanced solar light harvesting technologies.
Control of Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence in Induced Twist Structure of Conjugate Polymer
Authors: Lee Dong‐Myung , Song Jin‐Wook , Lee Yu‐Jin , Yu Chang‐Jae , Kim Jae‐Hoon
Published: June 2017

An extremely high degree of circularly polarized photoluminescence (CPPL) and electroluminescence (CPEL) (dissymmetry factor values: |gPL| = 0.72 and |gEL| = 1.13) are generated from twisted stacking of achiral conjugated polymer induced by nonemitting chiral dopant of high helical twisting power for the first time. Using a theoretical analysis incorporating the Stokes parameter, the twisting angle and birefringence of the aligned conjugated polymer, and the degree of linear polarization in the emitted light are found to make a roughly equal contribution to the degree of CPEL as to the degree of CPPL. Moreover, it is also found that the location of the recombination zone within the emitting layer is a crucial parameter for determining the difference in the dissymmetry factor between CPEL and CPPL. This result is applied to an organic light‐emitting display to improve the luminous efficiency by 60%.
Nanodiamonds That Swim
Authors: Kim Ji Tae , Choudhury Udit , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho , Fischer Peer
Published: June 2017

Nanodiamonds are emerging as nanoscale quantum probes for bio‐sensing and imaging. This necessitates the development of new methods to accurately manipulate their position and orientation in aqueous solutions. The realization of an “active” nanodiamond (ND) swimmer in fluids, composed of a ND crystal containing nitrogen vacancy centers and a light‐driven self‐thermophoretic micromotor, is reported. The swimmer is propelled by a local temperature gradient created by laser illumination on its metal‐coated side. Its locomotion—from translational to rotational motion—is successfully controlled by shape‐dependent hydrodynamic interactions. The precise engineering of the swimmer's geometry is achieved by self‐assembly combined with physical vapor shadow growth. The optical addressability of the suspended ND swimmers is demonstrated by observing the electron spin resonance in the presence of magnetic fields. Active motion at the nanoscale enables new sensing capabilities combined with active transport including, potentially, in living organisms.
Bulk Single Crystal‐Like Structural and Magnetic Characteristics of Epitaxial Spinel Ferrite Thin Films with Elimination of Antiphase Boundaries
Authors: Singh Amit V. , Khodadadi Behrouz , Mohammadi Jamileh Beik , Keshavarz Sahar , Mewes Tim , Negi Devendra Singh , Datta Ranjan , Galazka Zbigniew , Uecker Reinhard , Gupta Arunava
Published: June 2017

Spinel ferrite NiFe2O4 thin films have been grown on three isostructural substrates, MgAl2O4, MgGa2O4, and CoGa2O4 using pulsed laser deposition. These substrates have lattice mismatches of 3.1%, 0.8%, and 0.2%, respectively, with NiFe2O4. As expected, the films grown on MgAl2O4 substrate show the presence of the antiphase boundary defects. However, no antiphase boundaries (APBs) are observed for films grown on near‐lattice‐matched substrates MgGa2O4 and CoGa2O4. This demonstrates that by using isostructural and lattice‐matched substrates, the formation of APBs can be avoided in NiFe2O4 thin films. Consequently, static and dynamic magnetic properties comparable with the bulk can be realized. Initial results indicate similar improvements in film quality and magnetic properties due to the elimination of APBs in other members of the spinel ferrite family, such as Fe3O4 and CoFe2O4, which have similar crystallographic structure and lattice constants as NiFe2O4.
Cold Isostatic‐Pressured Silver Nanowire Electrodes for Flexible Organic Solar Cells via Room‐Temperature Processes
Authors: Seo Ji Hoon , Hwang Inchan , Um Han‐Don , Lee Sojeong , Lee Kangmin , Park Jeonghwan , Shin Hyeonoh , Kwon Tae‐Hyuk , Kang Seok Ju , Seo Kwanyong
Published: June 2017

Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are considered to be an essential structural component of flexible organic solar cells (FOSCs). Silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes are widely used as TCEs owing to their excellent electrical and optical properties. The fabrication of AgNW electrodes has faced challenges in terms of forming large uniform interconnected networks so that high conductivity and reproducibility can be achieved. In this study, a simple method for creating an intimate contact between AgNWs that uses cold isostatic pressing (CIP) is demonstrated. This method increases the conductivity of the AgNW electrodes, which enables the fabrication of high‐efficiency inverted FOSCs that have a power conversion efficiency of 8.75% on flexible polyethylene terephthalate with no short circuiting occurring as the CIP process minimizes the surface roughness of the AgNW electrode. This allows to achieve 100% manufacturing yield of FOSCs. Furthermore, these highly efficient FOSCs are proven to only be 2.4% less efficient even for an extreme bending radius of R ≈ 1.5 mm, compared with initial efficiency.