bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract WP57: Effect of Single Pass Recanalization in Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Vessel Occlusion: Sub-Analysis of Rescue-Japan Registry 2
Authors: Numa Soichiro , Yoshimura Shinichi , Sakai Nobuyuki , Yamagami Hiroshi , Morimoto Takeshi ,   Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism Japan Registry 2 Investigators
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
In endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO), multiple passes may promote arterial endothelial injury, potentially reducing clinical efficacy and safety. However, data comparing outcome between single and multiple passes are scarce.

Methods:
In the Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism (RESCUE)-Japan Registry 2, 2420 patients with acute stroke due to LVO were registered between October 2014 and January 2017. Among them, 1064 patients treated with EVT were analyzed. We classified patients into two groups, a single-pass group and a multiple-pass group, archiving good recanalization (TICI2b-3) in single or multiple passes, and analyzed clinical features and outcomes. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine whether single-pass recanalization was independently associated with improved outcomes and to identify factors associated with needing only a single pass.

Results:
592 patients were recanalized by single pass, and 472 patients by multiple passes. Compared with the multiple-pass group, fewer patients in the single-pass group suffered extracranial internal carotid artery occlusion (9.6% vs 14.4%, p=0.014), and more patients suffered M2 occlusion (18.6% vs 14.0%, p=0.045) Onset to recanalization time in the single-pass group was shorter than the multiple-pass group (378.3 minutes vs 397.2 minutes, p=0.00012) Cardiogenic embolic stroke was present in 78.7% and 66.5% of single- and multiple-pass groups (p<0.0001). Modified Rankin scale scores of 0 to 2 at 90 days after onset were observed in 51.5% and 39.0% of patients in the single- and multiple-pass groups (p<0.0001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of single pass for a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2 at 90 days after onset was 1.59 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.06). Intracranial hemorrhage after EVT were observed in 23.3% and 32.6% of patients in the single- and multiple-pass groups (p=0.001). The factors associated with achieving single-pass recanalization was cardiogenic embolic stroke (p=0.00013; OR, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.33) adjusting for other variables.

Conclusion:
Achievement of recanalization in a single pass was associated with good clinical outcome.
Abstract WP59: Endovascular Therapy for Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: Sub-analyses of the Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism Japan Registry 2 (RESCUE-Japan Registry 2)
Authors: Miura Masatomo , Yoshimura Shinichi , Sakai Nobuyuki , Yamagami Hiroshi , Uchida Kazutaka , Morimoto Takeshi ,   Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-Acute Embolism Japan Registry 2 Investigators
Published: January 2019

Objective:
The efficacy of endovascular therapy (EVT) for distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion remain debatable. We compared the EVT with conservative therapy (no EVT) in real-world patients with distal MCA occlusion.

Methods:
We analyzed the data from the Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra-acute Embolism Japan Registry 2, which enrolled the consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusions. We selected patients with isolated M2 or M3 occlusion, and those with functional independence (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score =<1) before the onset. We divided patients into EVT and no EVT groups. The primary outcome was a favorable outcome (mRS 0-2 at 90 days). Multivariable logistic regression model was developed to compare both groups. We conducted the subgroup analyses for age, gender, ASPECTS score, NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) time from onset to arrival, use of t-PA, location of occlusions (M2 vs M3).

Results:
A total of 427 patients [372 (87%) were M2 occlusion] were analyzed from 2420 patients originally enrolled in the registry. There were 190 patients in EVT and 237 in no EVT groups. The EVT group showed a higher baseline NIHSS score (median interquartile range [IQR], 15 [9-19] versus 8 [4-15]). The primary outcome occurred in 55.7% and 54.4% of the EVT and no EVT groups, respectively. There were no significant differences for a favorable outcome as a whole and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 1.52 [95%CI, 0.97-2.42; p=0.06]. Subgroup analyses showed a favorable outcome for EVT group in the subgroup of M2 occlusion with aOR of 1.84 (95%CI, 1.13-3.00) and of NIHSS≥6 with aOR of 2.14 (95%CI, 1.29-3.55).

Conclusions:
In patients with distal MCA occlusion, EVT seems effective for patients with M2 segment occlusion or NIHSS≥6.
Abstract WP62: Imaging With CT Perfusion Prior to Endovascular Therapy in STRATIS: Time to Rethink?
Authors: Liebeskind David S , Mueller-Kronast Nils H , Aziz-Sultan M. Ali , Froehler Michael T , Klucznik Richard P , Saver Jeffrey L , Sanossian Nerses , Zaidat Osama O , Hellinger Frank R , Yavagal Dileep R , Yao Tom L , Nogueira Raul G , Sheth Sunil A , Jahan Reza , Haussen Diogo C ,   for the STRATIS Investigators
Published: January 2019

Background:
Different neuroimaging triage strategies, including CT perfusion (CTP), are commonly used prior to endovascular therapy, often tailoring imaging approaches based on time from symptom onset. We analyzed whether the acquisition of CTP prior to endovascular therapy in STRATIS was related to clinical outcomes and if any possible link was noted based on time duration from symptom onset.

Methods:
The STRATIS Core Lab analyzed all pre-procedural imaging in STRATIS, including the use of CTP. Acquisition of pre-procedural CTP was analyzed with respect to 90-day modified Rankin Score (mRS) clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses explored whether this relationship was different in the 0-6 versus 6-8 hour interval from symptom onset.

Results:
Among 984 subjects analyzed in STRATIS, 264 had pre-procedural CTP acquired by the imaging Core Laboratory. No association between CTP acquisition and mRS outcomes at 90 days was observed in the overall study cohort. However, among subjects treated over 6 hours from onset (n=119), a trend toward better outcomes was observed in those with CTP acquisition compared to those without (adjusted common odds ratio 1.86, p=0.092). This association was not present in subjects treated within 6 hours from onset (adjusted common odds ratio 1.10, p=0.498) (Figure).

Conclusions:
Real-world data from STRATIS reveal that good clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy are not directly contingent on obtaining pre-procedural CTP. Subgroup analyses provide novel data that CTP may not be necessary 0-6 hours from onset, yet CTP may be linked with better outcomes in patients presenting after 6 hours.
Abstract WP72: Recurrent Cerebral Ischemic Events in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis are Related to Plaque Inflammation
Authors: Sharma Vijay K , Paliwal Prakash R , Teoh Hock-Luen , Du Zhengdao , Chen Jintao , Wong Lily Y , Chan Bernard P , Sinha Arvind K
Published: January 2019

Background and Aims:
Severity of symptomatic carotid stenosis often determines the treatment approach. However, severity explains only the regional hypoperfusion as the mechanism of cerebral ischemia. Artery-to-artery embolisation remains an important pathogenic mechanism in patients with high-risk carotid plaques. Inflammation is considered as the initiating event for plaque rupture and cerebral embolism. Using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomography (CT) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI), we investigated the role of plaque imaging in stroke recurrence in our patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis.

Methods:
This prospective study included consecutive patients within 30-days of recent stroke and ipsilateral carotid stenosis (≥50%). FDG uptake was quantified as mean standardized uptake values (SUV, g/ml). The ratio of T1 hyperintensity of carotid plaque to the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) was recorded on T1-weighted fat suppressed HR-MRI. Patients were followed-up for stroke recurrence within 90-days.

Results:
Of the 115 patients included in the study, 17 (15%) suffered from recurrent cerebral ischemic event in the stenosed carotid territory within 90-days. Compared to patients who remained asymptomatic, patients with recurrent cerebral ischemia showed higher mean T1 carotid-SCM ratio (2.19 versus 1.38; p<0.0001) and higher mean SUV value in the carotid plaque (3.04g/ml versus 1.25g/ml; p<0.0001). Higher T1 carotid-SCM ratio on HR-MRI (OR 3.215, 95%CI 1.304-5.927; p<0.0001) and higher mean SUV on FDG-PET (OR 3.601, 95%CI 2.924-7.628; p=0.005) were independent predictors of recurrent cerebral ischemia.

Conclusions:
FDG-PET/CT and HR-MRI of carotid stenosis are useful tools for risk stratification and may aid in better therapeutic decision-making.
Abstract WP82: Ghost Infarct Core: Ischemic Oreoverestimation by Admission CT Perfusion on Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Patients
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriel M , Frankel Michael , Haussen Diogo C , Nogueira Raul G
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) is frequently used in patient selection for thrombectomy. However, CTP may under or overestimate the ischemic core. Recently, the concept of ghost infarct core (GIC) admission core lesion on CTP overestimates the final infarct volume) has been described. We aim to evaluate the prevalence and impact of GIC in large vessel occlusion stroke patients that underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in a large institutional database.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of a prospective database for consecutive thrombectomy cases between September 2010 and February 2018. Patients with CTP and calculated final infarct volumes (FIV) were included. Individuals with posterior circulation occlusion, anterior cerebral artery, or isolated extracranial internal carotid artery were excluded. We established a threshold of 10mL to identify patients with a significant GIC. Collateral grade was rated as follows: 0 = Absent collaterals in >50% of an M2 branch territory; 1 = Diminished collaterals in > 50% of an M2 branch; 2 = Diminished collaterals in < 50% of an M2 branch; 3 = collaterals equal to the contralateral hemisphere; 4 = Increased collaterals.

Results:
Of 1461 patients treated within the study period, 632 were included. GIC was identified in 51 (8.1%) subjects. Patients with and without GIC had comparable demographics, NIHSS, occlusion site, and ASPECTS. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that better reperfusion status (mTICI 0-2a vs. 2b vs. 2c-3; OR 2.0, 95% CI [1.04-3.86], p=0.038) and worse collateral scores (OR 0.46 [0.30-0.68], p<0.001) were independent predictors of GIC>10 mL. Multivariable predictors of good outcome (modified Rankin Scale0-2 at 90-days) included GIC>10mL (OR 6.5 [95% CI 1.8-23.4], p=0.004), young age, lower NIHSS, higher NCCT ASPECTS, middle cerebral artery M2 occlusion, and better reperfusion.

Conclusion:
GIC is an overlooked phenomenon and may inappropriately exclude patients from thrombectomy. Although patients with GIC have worse collateral status, the presence of GIC predicts good outcome in the setting of reperfusion therapy.
Abstract WP83: Stroke Severity and Collaterals are Associated With Infarct Progression During Inter-Facility Transfer for Endovascular Thrombectomy
Authors: Reddy Sujan Teegala , Friedman Elliott , Wu Tzu-Ching , Cai Chunyan , Arevalo Octavio , Sitton Clark , Savitz Sean
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
Endovascular therapy (EVT) improves clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). Transfer from a referring hospital (RH) to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) renders some patients ineligible for EVT due to infarct expansion. We evaluated the association of clinical and imaging factors, and the effect of time on infarct expansion using CT ASPECTS decay, subsequent impact on thrombectomy decision and consequent clinical outcomes.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed data on patients with AIS from LVO transferred for potential EVT from a RH to our comprehensive stroke center (hub) between September 2015 and December 2017. Patients were stratified into two groups, CT decay vs. CT non-decay, where CT ASPECTS decay was defined as deterioration of score from ≥6 at RH to <6 at hub (since AHA guidelines for EVT are ASPECTS
>
6). Baseline characteristics, clinical and imaging variables were assessed for association with decay. Good outcomes (90 day mRS 0-2) were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the independent predictors for decay and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was calculated.

Results:
Of a total 154 patients, 32 (21%) had ASPECTS decay. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups except patients with decay had higher NIHSS [Median (IQR), 21(16, 25) vs. 16 (11, 21); P <. 001] and poor collateral scores (mTICI 0-1) [n (%) 17 (68) vs. 22 (29); P 0.003]. Of the 101 patients that did not undergo EVT on arrival to hub, 26 were due to decay in ASPECTS, 20 due to absence of LVO and 19 due to clinical improvement. Transfer time was similar in patients with decay vs. non-decay [Median (IQR), minutes, 164 (124.5, 198.5) vs. 155.5 (117, 191); P 0.64]. Higher initial NIHSS [aOR 1.12 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23); P 0.009] and poor collateral score [aOR 4.65 (95% CI: 1.65, 13.07); P 0.004] were associated with decay. None of the patients with decay had a good outcome [n (%), 0 (0) vs.41 (41); P <0.0001].

Conclusion:
In patients transferred for potential EVT, severity of stroke at initial presentation and poor collateral circulation had significant impact on ASPECTS deterioration. This information can be employed to develop stroke systems of care to triage patients with LVO to a CSC
Abstract WP89: CTP Improves Accuracy, Interrater Reliability and Detection Speed Over CTA Alone in LVO Detection
Authors: Hinckley Peter , Moeini Aida , Baylor Little Nancy Ann , Meyer Chelsea , Ruff Jerdan , De Havenon Adam , Alexander Matthew , McNally Joseph
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
Large vessel occlusion (LVO) is critically important to identify for appropriate treatment and thrombectomy. Our purpose was to determine if LVO diagnosis can be improved over CTA alone using CTP.

Methods:
In this IRB-approved retrospective study, a report search identified 102 patients undergoing CTA and CTP for stroke workup from January 2015 to July 2018 (example in
Figure 1
). Resident and attending neuroradiologist observers were blinded to demographics, stroke, and LVO. Observers evaluated CTA for LVO from ICA through M2 segments followed by 24h washout and repeat evaluation with CTP/CTA. Interrater reliability was determined by Kappa analysis. Detection speeds were compared with two-tailed t-tests with significance at p<0.05. Diagnostic metrics were calculated in comparison to gold standard stroke/LVO diagnosis from an unblinded stroke neurology/neurointerventional team.

Results:
There were 73 LVO in 102 patients, demographics in
Table 1
. CTP improved interrater reliability over CTA from κ=0.82 (95%CI:0.74,0.90) to 0.91 (95%CI:0.86,0.97). CTP increased trainee speed from 45.8±36.2 to 25.4±21.7s (mean±SD, p<0.001) and attending speed from 16.8±16.6 to 8.0±6.8s (p<0.001). CTP augmented resident LVO area under the curve (AUC) from 0.89 (95%CI:0.84-0.94) to 0.94 (95%CI:0.90, 0.98), but attending AUC remained similar from 0.98 (95%CI:0.95,1.00) to 0.98 (95%CI:0.96,1.00).

Conclusion:
These data support the use of CTP with CTA for LVO detection with improved diagnostic reliability, speed, and accuracy especially in trainees. Improved LVO detection is extremely important given the benefits of early and accurate diagnosis and thrombectomy in stroke.
Abstract WP92: Radiologist Inter-rater Reliability of Prehospital Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scores on a Mobile Stroke Unit
Authors: Lerario Michael P , Gupta Ajay , Kummer Benjamin R , Diáz Iván , Lin Eaton , Lantos Joshua E , Knight-Greenfield Ashley , Nario Joel J , Efraim Elizabeth S , Asaeda Glenn , Bokser Jeffrey , Navi Babak B , Kamel Hooman , Fink Matthew E
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
The computed tomography (CT) capabilities of mobile stroke units (MSUs) may facilitate prehospital triaging of patients with suspected large-vessel occlusion directly to thrombectomy-capable centers. However, little is known about the reliability of radiological interpretation of early ischemic changes on prehospital CTs.

Methods:
We identified all patients transported by the NewYork-Presbyterian MSU to Weill Cornell Medical Center with the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or stroke mimic between October 3, 2016 and December 31, 2017. All patients underwent noncontrast head CT on board the MSU using a CereTom® scanner. As controls, we matched these patients 1:1 by diagnosis to patients who were transported by standard ambulance and underwent noncontrast brain CT in our emergency department (ED) over the same period. Two neuroradiologists, blinded to patients’ characteristics and final diagnosis, independently calculated Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scores (ASPECTS) on all scans. Weighted percent agreement and Cohen’s κ were used to assess inter-rater reliability, and paired t-tests were used to compare these metrics between MSU and ED scans.

Results:
Among 46 MSU patients and 46 ED patients, 52% had a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, 46% a diagnosis of stroke mimic, and 2% a diagnosis of transient ischemic attack. For ASPECTS score as a continuous outcome, the weighted inter-rater agreement was 98% for MSU scans versus 96% for ED scans (mean difference, 2%; 95% CI, -1% to 5%) and the weighted κ was 0.49 for MSU scans versus 0.54 for ED scans (mean difference, -0.05; 95% CI, -0.61 to 0.51). For ASPECTS score categorized as 0-4, 5-7, or 8-10, the weighted inter-rater agreement was 99% for MSU scans versus 97% for ED scans (mean difference, 2%; 95% CI, -2% to 7%) and the weighted κ was 0.66 for MSU scans versus 0.55 for ED scans (mean difference, 0.10; 95% CI, -0.87 to 1.08).

Conclusions:
In a sample of 96 patients, which limited our power to detect small differences, we found no substantial difference in the inter-rater reliability of ASPECTS scores obtained from MSU CTs versus ED CTs.
A new species of Tucetona (Bivalvia: Glycymerididae) from Mexico
Authors: VALENTICH-SCOTT PAUL , GARFINKLE ELIZABETH A. R.
Published: January 2019

While reviewing the Glycymerididae of the Panamic Province we encountered an unusual species of Tucetona Iredale, 1931, in the Gulf of California, Mexico. After examining type and related specimens at museums in the USA and UK, we have determined the species is new to science. It is herein named Tucetona isabellae. In our description we use morphological characteristics outlined in Tschudin (2001) and Squires (2010).
The genus Keilbachia Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) in New Caledonia, with the description of five new species
Authors: VILKAMAA PEKKA , HIPPA HEIKKI , MOHRIG WERNER
Published: January 2019

Five new species of Keilbachia Mohrig are described: Keilbachia adstricta, K. constricta, K. cracens, K. fratercula and K. truncata. The species are the first sciarids recognized from New Caledonia and are similar in structure to the New Guinean K. indigena Mohrig and the Indomalayan K. adunca Hippa & Vilkamaa. A key to the Australasian species of Keilbachia is provided.
New species and new records of Erythroneurini from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)
Authors: SONG YUEHUA , Li Zizhong , XIONG KANGNING
Published: January 2019

In the present paper, some new species and new records of Erythroneurini from China are reported. Two new species are added to the genus Kusala Dworakowska 1981 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from South China, K. datianensis sp. n. and K. populi sp. n. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. At the same time, the genus Gambialoa Dworakowska (1972) is reported for the first time from China, a new record, Gambialoa asiatica Dworakowska, 1979 from China are described and illustrated newly. A species checklist of Gambialoa from Oriental Region is provided.
A second New Zealand species of the stargazer genus Kathetostoma (Trachinoidei: Uranoscopidae)
Authors: GOMON MARTIN F. , ROBERTS CLIVE D.
Published: January 2019

A new species of the uranoscopid genus Kathetostoma Günther, 1860, is described from New Zealand waters, where it is broadly sympatric with its sole local congener K. giganteum Haast, 1873. The new species is readily recognised by its broad, saddle-like dark bands that cross the body dorsally (versus bands absent or only faintly developed), rather robust and short body (vs slender and elongate), and fewer numbers of vertebrae (30–31 versus 33–34), dorsal fin rays (15–17 versus 17–19) and anal fin rays (15–16 versus 17–18). Although both species have extremely broad depth distributions, the new species appears to be restricted to less than about 500 m, with its greatest abundance at 100–300 m, while K. giganteum reaches over 1000 m, and has its greatest abundance at 200–400 m. A brief redescription of K giganteum is also provided. Kathetostoma fluviatilis Hutton, 1972, the oldest New Zealand name that applies to this genus, is regarded as a nomen dubium.
Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in the Mentocrex kioloides complex (Aves: Gruiformes: Rallidae) from Madagascar, with the description of a new species
Authors: GOODMAN STEVEN M. , RAHERILALAO MARIE JEANNE , BLOCK NICHOLAS L.
Published: January 2019

We examine patterns of morphological and molecular genetic differentiation in the endemic Mentocrex kioloides complex of Madagascar. This forest-dwelling rail (often placed in Canirallus) is known from two subspecies: M. k. kioloides, which occurs in the island’s humid central and eastern forests; and M. k. berliozi, which occurs in the transitional dry deciduoushumid forests of the northwest. Two new specimens (an adult and a downy young) recently became available from limestone karst areas of the lowland central west, the adult of which is notably different in size and plumage coloration, as well as showing considerable genetic divergence, from the two recognized subspecies of M. kioloides. The central west animals are herein named as a species new to science, Mentocrex beankaensis, sp. nov.
A new genus and species of the subfamily Philinae (Coleoptera: Vesperidae)
Authors: LIN MEIYING , BI WENXUAN
Published: January 2019

A new philine species belonging to a new genus, Spiniphilus spinicornis gen. et sp. nov., is described from Yunnan, China. The genus differs from other genera of the Philinae in the male antennae, segments 3–10 of which bear a long flattened lateroapical spine. Female of Heterophilus is briefly described for the first time. Photographs of the habitus and some morphological details are provided and the genera of the Philinae are keyed.
A new species of Downeshelea Wirth & Grogan and a redescription of the male of Downeshelea cebacoi (Lane & Wirth) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: FELIPPE-BAUER MARIA LUIZA , DA SILVA TIAGO DO NASCIMENTO , RIBEIRO ENALY SILVA , BORKENT ART
Published: January 2019

A new species of predaceous midge, Downeshelea lanei Felippe-Bauer & Borkent, is described and illustrated based on male and female specimens from the Amazonian Region of Brazil. The male of Downeshelea cebacoi (Lane & Wirth) is redescribed and illustrated and the distribution of this species is now restricted to Panama and Costa Rica.
The mtDNA control region structure and preliminary phylogenetic relationships of the genus Gampsocleis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)
Authors: ZHANG YAN-XIA , ZHOU ZHI-JUN , YANG MING-RU , YANG MING-RU , SHI FU-MING
Published: January 2019

The mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA CR) has been cloned and sequenced from 56 individuals representing five species of the genus Gampsocleis. The Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree under the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model, G. sedakovii haplotypes cluster into two distinct clades A and B. It suggests there may be more than one species within this group. The macropterous species, G. sinensis grouped among G. ussuriensis. Two brachypterous species, G. carinata and G. gratiosa grouped as sibling species. Individuals of G. carinata and G. gratiosa grouped together in distinct clades, even when collected from different localities. MtDNA CR structural analysis found two conserved motifs in the primary sequences “(TA)n” and poly-A stretch in the twelve ensiferan species examined, which may be involved in mtDNA transcription or replication control.
A partial revision of the Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae), with description of four new species
Authors: MARIN IVAN , ANKER ARTHUR
Published: January 2019

The pontoniine shrimp Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) is revised based on Nobili’s type material from the Persian Gulf and specimens recently collected in Madagascar, Australia and French Polynesia. Philarius gerlachei is redescribed and four species are described as new: P. polynesicus n. sp. from Moorea, French Polynesia; P. rufus n. sp. and P. minor n. sp., both from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and P. albimaculatus n. sp. from Nosy-Bé, Madagascar. These species differ from P. gerlachei and/or from each other by a combination of morphological characters and species-diagnostic colour patterns. All species of Philarius appear to be obligate associates of branching corals of the genus Acropora.
Plumage variability and taxonomy of the Capped Seedeater Sporophila bouvreuil (Aves: Passeriformes: Emberizidae)
Authors: MACHADO ÉRIKA , SILVEIRA LUÍS FÁBIO
Published: January 2019

The species Sporophila bouvreuil comprises four subspecies: S. b. bouvreuil, S. b. pileata, S. b. saturata and S. b. crypta. The males of each subspecies differ in plumage whereas the females and juveniles are very similar and difficult to identify to subspecies. Here we use external morphological characters, mostly plumage, to examine the validity of the subspecies. A total of 209 specimens was examined (131 S. b. bouvreuil, 29 S. b. crypta, 43 S. b. pileata and 6 S. b. saturata). Although morphological measurements did not separate any taxa, plumage patterns support recognition of two taxonomic units, one of birds having reddish brown male plumage and the other of birds with grayish to white male plumage. Discrete diagnostic characters and sympatry in SE Brazil allow separation of Sporophila pileata (Sclater 1864) from S. bouvreuil (Müller 1776). On the other hand, S. b. saturata Hellmayr 1904 and S. b. crypta Sick 1968 should be considered synonyms of S. bouvreuil.
Phylogeography and taxonomic revision of the New Zealand cryptic skink (Oligosoma inconspicuum; Reptilia: Scincidae) species complex
Authors: CHAPPLE DAVID G. , BELL TRENT P. , CHAPPLE STEPHANIE N. J. , MILLER KIMBERLY A. , DAUGHERTY CHARLES H. , PATTERSON GEOFF B.
Published: January 2019

The New Zealand skink fauna is highly diverse and contains numerous cryptic, undescribed or hitherto undiscovered species. We completed a taxonomic revision of the cryptic skink (Oligosoma inconspicuum) species complex using molecular (550 bp of the ND2 mitochondrial gene) and morphological analyses. Four new species are described, with each diagnosable by a range of morphological characters and genetic differentiation from several closely related species: O. inconspicuum (sensu stricto), O. notosaurus, O. maccanni, O. stenotis and O. grande. Oligosoma tekakahu sp. nov. is restricted to Chalky Island in Fiordland, and is most closely related to O. inconspicuum and O. notosaurus. The other three new species are restricted to particular mountainous regions in central and western Otago (O. burganae sp. nov., Lammermoor and Rock and Pillar Ranges; O. toka sp. nov., Nevis Valley; O. repens sp. nov., Eyre Mountains) and are most closely related to O. stenotis and O. grande. We also re-described O. inconspicuum. Two proposed new taxa, the ‘Big Bay’ skink and ‘Mahogany’ skink, were found to represent Westland/Fiordland populations of O. inconspicuum rather than distinct taxa. We discuss the evolutionary and phylogeographic implications of cryptic and ‘anti-cryptic’ species within the O. inconspicuum species complex, and suggest that morphologically aberrant populations are the result of local adaptation to novel selective regimes.
Nomenclatural note: Heteropathes (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Cladopathidae): A new name for Heliopathes Opresko, 2003
Authors: OPRESKO D. M.
Published: January 2019

The generic name Heliopathes Opresko, 2003 (see also Opresko 2005) proposed for an antipatharian coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) of the family Cladopathidae, subfamily Hexapathinae (Opresko, 2003), is preoccupied by the darkling beetle genus Heliopathes (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae), proposed by Mulsant (1854). Therefore the substitute name Heteropathes is proposed for the antipatharian.
New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from southern Iran, with description of one new genus and three new species
Authors: PEŠIĆ VLADIMIR , SMIT HARRY , ASADI MAHDIEH , ETEMADI ISA
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with a collection of epigean water mites from southern Iran. One new genus, Iranobates, and three new species are described: Iranobates hesabii, Arrenurus iranicus and A. kermanensis. The following species are reported for the first time for Iran: Limnesia pinguipalpis Cook, 1967, Atractides omanensis Smit & Pešić, 2010, Neumania indentata Smit & Pešić 2010, and N. maharashtris Cook, 1967.
New records of the family Agathotanaidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) in the Antarctic, with remarks on Arthrura monacantha (Vanhöffen, 1914)
Authors: JÓŹWIAK PIOTR , BŁAŻEWICZ-PASZKOWYCZ MAGDALENA
Published: January 2019

Based on the material collected during the ANDEEP III, BIOPEARL and USAP Expeditions, two new species of the family Agathotanaidae (Paranathrura arctowskii n. sp. and Paragathotanais ipy n. sp.) are described, together with new records of Paranarthrura fortispina Sieg, 1986. Additionally the first record of a male of Arthrura monacantha (Vanhöffen, 1914) is presented. The possibility of the development of eggs and mancas outside the marsupium is considered.
Revision of the diagnostic characters of Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart and Chuaynkern, 2007 with notes on its distribution and variation, and a key to the genus Opisthotropis (Squamata: Natricidae)
Authors: YANG JIAN-HUAN , WANG YING-YONG , ZHANG BING , LAU MICHAEL WAI-NENG , CHOU WEN-HAO
Published: January 2019

Opisthotropis maculosa was described based on a single specimen collected from northeastern Thailand in 2007. We collected three specimens from Guangxi and Guangdong, China. These additional specimens provide the first information on morphological variation in this species, including sex-related differences. Based on the new information, we revise the diagnostic characteristics of this species and provide a key to the currently recognized species of Opisthotropis.
A new species of Typhlocharis Dieck, 1869 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Anillini) from South Spain, with notes on the phylogenetic value of sexually related characters and the presence of stridulatory organ (pars stridens) in the genus
Authors: ZABALLOS JUAN P. , PÉREZ-GONZÁLEZ SERGIO
Published: January 2019

A new species of the genus Typhlocharis Dieck, 1869 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Anillini) is described (T. deferreri nov. sp.) from the province of Cadiz in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. Its affinities with other species are discussed, mainly those with males having a median tubercle in sternum II: T. bivari Serrano and Aguiar, 2006, T. passosi Serrano and Aguiar, 2005, T. navarica Zaballos and Wrase, 1998 (outereloi group), T. monastica Zaballos and Wrase, 1998 and T. peregrina Zaballos and Wrase, 1998 (monastica group). The value of sexual dimorphism as a phylogenetic and taxonomic tool is revised; seemingly there is no relationship between this kind of sexual dimorphism and the traits that differentiate the established species groups (umbilicate series, type of gonocoxite, dimorphism in tibiae I and II, etc.). The presence and significance of stridulatory organ (pars stridens) is also commented upon, updating and increasing the scarce data available about this structure, poorly considered in the literature, with notes about distribution and relationships of the species which have it.
The male of Ascorhynchus constrictus Stock, 1997 (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida), with further new records of deep-sea pycnogonids from New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu
Authors: BAMBER ROGER N
Published: January 2019

Deep-sea pycnogonid material collected during the N/O Alis Campagnes Norfolk 2 to New Caledonia in 2003 and Salomon 2 to the Solomon Islands in 2004, together with two samples from the BOA0 and BOA1 Campagnes to Vanuatu in 2004–2005, has been analyzed. This includes only the second collection of deep-sea pycnogonids from the Solomon Islands. The material includes 22 specimens from seven species from New Caledonia, taken at depths from 265 to 1150 m, 95 specimens from 14 species from the Solomon islands, at depths from 336 to 1218 m, and two specimens of one species from Vanuatu (864–927 m depth). The first male of Ascorhynchus constrictus is described, including the first description of the anterior legs. A new species of Ascorhynchus is partially described, but not named owing to its incompleteness. Seven of the species are new to the Melanesia region, including a notable range-extension for Colossendeis tasmanica. The local zoogeography of these deep-water species is discussed.
Erratum: QIU, L.-H., ZHAO, J.-X., WU, Z.-D., LV, Z.-Y. & PANG, Y. (2011) Steinernema pui sp. n. (Rhabditida, Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa, 2767, 1–13.
Authors: QIU L. -H. , ZHAO J. -X. , WU Z. -D. , LV Z. -Y. , PANG Y.
Published: January 2019

(Erratum)
Small mammals of the mid-Araguaia River in central Brazil, with the description of a new species of climbing rat
Authors: ROCHA RITA G. , FERREIRA EDUARDO , COSTA BARBARA M. A. , MARTINS IRACY C. M. , LEITE YURI L. R. , COSTA LEONORA P. , FONSECA CARLOS
Published: January 2019

The mid-Araguaia River basin in central Brazil is considered a priority area for biodiversity conservation, and Parque Estadual do Cantão (PEC) is one of the most important protected areas in this ecotone between Cerrado and Amazonia. This area suffers an intensive human pressure with high rates of deforestation, and still remains poorly studied in terms of biodiversity. From June 2007 to November 2008 we sampled small mammals from both banks of the mid-Araguaia River, in the states of Tocantins and Pará. Data are given about morphological traits, geographic distribution and natural history of 22 species of small non-volant mammals (eight marsupials and 14 rodents) surveyed at PEC and its surroundings. We also present mitochondrial phylogenetic analyses that allow species identification within the genera: Oecomys, Oligoryzomys and Rhipidomys, and delineate an undescribed species of Thrichomys. Based on morphologic and molecular data, we describe a new species of Rhipidomys previously assigned to R. nitela, which is apparently endemic to the AraguaiaTocantins basin in the Cerrado. Additionally, our phylogenetic analyses provide support for the role played by the Araguaia River as an important geographic barrier for two sister species of Rhipidomys.
A new species of amphipod, Megamphopus katagani sp. nov. (Crustacea: Peracarida: Photidae) from the Sea of Marmara (Turkey), with a key to the species of Megamphopus in the North Atlantic, Mediterranean and associated Seas
Authors: BAKIR KEREM , SEZGIN MURAT , MYERS ALAN A.
Published: January 2019

A new species of amphipod, Megamphopus katagani sp. nov., is described from the sea of Marmara (Turkey). A key to the species of Megamphopus known from the North-East Atlantic, Mediterranean and associated seas is provided.
Erratum: Marin, I., Okuno, J. & Chan, T.-Y. (2011) On the “Hippolyte commensalis Kemp, 1925” species complex (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae), with the designation of a new genus and description of two new species from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa, 2768, 32–54.
Authors: MARIN I. , OKUNO J. , CHAN T. -Y.
Published: January 2019

(Erratum)
New genera and species of Carventinae from New Caledonia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae)
Authors: HEISS E.
Published: January 2019

Only a few taxa of Aradidae were described from the Pacific island of New Caledonia to date. Based on recently collected material, 3 new genera (Kanakaptera n. gen., Rugicarventus n. gen., and Paracaraptera n. gen.) and 7 new species (Ka- nakaptera laticeps n. sp., K. montdoa n. sp., K.heimiana n. sp., K. carininota n. sp.; Rugicarventus pygmaeus n. sp.; Paracaraptera schuhiana n. sp., and Nesiaptera picea n. sp.) are described in this paper. All species are illustrated by colour photographs and a key is provided for the species of Kanakaptera n. gen.
Ripiphorus caboverdianus sp. nov.—the first ripiphorid record from the Macaronesian volcanic islands (Coleaoptera: Ripiphoridae: Ripiphorinae)
Authors: BATELKA JAN , STRAKA JAKUB
Published: January 2019

Ripiphorus caboverdianus sp. nov. (Ripiphoridae, Ripiphorinae) from Boavista Island (Cape Verde archipelago) represents the first record of the family Ripiphoridae from the volcanic islands west of Africa and the first record of the genus Ripiphorus on an isolated volcanic archipelago worldwide. Its significance for our understanding of oceanic dispersal abilities of the subfamily Ripiphorinae is discussed. The new species is characterized by milky white elytra, hyaline hind wings and translucent membranous suture between dorsal and ventral surface of the first abdominal segments in both sexes. Female has a slightly curved hind tibia, 2× wider at the apex than at its base, and a slender, parallel-sided first metatarsomere, 5× as long as wide. Morphology of the free-living first instar larva is described; it is very similar to R. smithi Linsley & MacSwain, 1950. Behavioral observations of the adults and the first instar larvae in the type locality are given. Known hosts of the genus Ripiphorus are reviewed; possible host-association and conservation implications for the new species are discussed.
Erratum: Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón & Vladimir Salvador de Jesús-Bonilla (2010) Redescription of species of the Neotropical parasitoid Notiospathius Mathews et Marsh (Braconidae: Doryctinae) based on their nineteenth and early twentieth century types. Zootaxa, 2543, 31–42.
Authors: ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO , DE JESÚS-BONILLA VLADIMIR SALVADOR
Published: January 2019

(Erratum)
The Emerging Role of Bone Markers in Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kosmopoulos Marinos , Paschou Stavroula A. , Grapsa Julia , Anagnostis Panagiotis , Vryonidou Andromachi , Goulis Dimitrios G. , Siasos Gerasimos
Published: January 2019

Molecules that govern bone metabolism, such as osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteopontin (OPN), have been isolated from other tissues, including blood vessels. Atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite novel biochemical and imaging techniques, early detection of CAD is still unsatisfactory. Experimental data indicate that bone turnover markers (BTMs) contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. This finding has sparked interest in their clinical use. This narrative review analyzed information from >50 human studies, which strongly suggest that OPG, OPN, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serum concentrations are altered in patients with CAD. Osteoprotegerin seems to be more useful for the detection of early disease, while OPN and ALP are recruited in vessels after the establishment of disease. Osteocalcin may be used as a flow cytometry marker for endothelial progenitor cells and can constitute a marker to monitor response to interventional treatments and risk of restenosis. However, most data derive from observational studies. Incorporation of BTMs in multifactorial computational algorithms could further determine their role in CAD diagnosis and prognosis together with other imaging techniques and biochemical markers.
The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: The Role of Race
Authors: Borjas George J.
Published: January 2019

The author’s 2017 reappraisal of the impact of the Mariel supply shock revealed that the wage of low-skill workers declined in post-Mariel Miami. Clemens and Hunt (2019) assert that a data quirk in the March CPS—specifically, a substantial increase in the black share of Miami’s low-skill workforce in the period—implies that those wage trends do not correctly measure the impact of the Marielitos. Because blacks earn less than whites earn, the increased black share would spuriously reduce the average low-skill wage in Miami. The author examines the sensitivity of the evidence to the change in the racial composition of the sample. The Clemens and Hunt assertion is demonstrably false. The timing of the post-Mariel decline in Miami’s wage does not coincide with the increase in the black share. And sensible adjustments for racial composition do not change the finding that Miami’s low-skill wage fell after 1980.
Do Binding Beat Nonbinding Agreements? Regulating International Water Quality
Authors: Köppel Martin , Sprinz Detlef F.
Published: January 2019

Does the form of a multilateral agreement (MEA) by itself improve environmental performance? In particular, do legally nonbinding MEAs pose a rival to the effect of more traditional legally binding international agreements? Our theory builds on the legal and international regimes literatures and postulates that legally binding agreements (LBAs) have more benign effects on water quality than legally nonbinding agreements (LNBAs). We probe two operationalizations of the form of MEAs. First, we purely focus on the form: of legally binding versus legally nonbindings. Second, we combine the form of an agreement each with an index of precision and an index of delegation. The empirical focus is on upstream–downstream water quality in Europe during 1990 to 2007. Our regression analyses, regardless of specification, find that LBAs beat LNBAs and that LBAs with high degrees of precision and delegation beat the effect of any other configuration of agreements with respect to enhancing water quality.
Suburban status and neighbourhood change
Authors: Airgood-Obrycki Whitney
Published: January 2019

This article examines suburban neighbourhood trajectories from 1970 to 2010 in the 100 most populous metropolitan areas in the US within the context of discussions around suburban decline and reinvestment. A weighted composite index of neighbourhood change indicators was used to identify the relative status of urban and suburban neighbourhoods. Index values were ranked by metropolitan area, and neighbourhoods were assigned to a corresponding quartile. The quartiles formed a status trajectory sequence, categorised as Reduced, Reduced with recovery, Stable or Improved. Neighbourhood trajectories were compared across city and suburb as well as across prewar, postwar, and modern suburban types. Despite increased discussion around suburban decline and suburban poverty, suburban neighbourhoods maintained a higher status than the city, were more likely to recover from reduced status and had higher frequencies of status improvement. The majority of suburban neighbourhoods occupied the highest status ranking in all decades. Stability was the most common trajectory for suburbs, and stable suburban neighbourhoods were higher status than stable urban neighbourhoods. The findings highlight geographies of neighbourhood inequalities and contribute to our understanding of regional and suburban neighbourhood change dynamics.
A novel optimized fractional-order hybrid fuzzy intelligent PID controller for interconnected realistic power systems
Authors: Gomaa Haroun AH , Yin-Ya Li
Published: January 2019

This article presents a novel hybrid fractional-order intelligent proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller integrated with a fractional-order fuzzy PID controller for load frequency control of a realistic interconnected two-area power system, where each area is powered from a different source. The strategy presented here involves incorporating a damping controller based on a thyristor-controlled series capacitor in the system. In doing so, the parameters of the current controller are optimized via craziness-based particle swarm optimization. The effectiveness of the strategy presented here in load frequency control is validated by extensive simulation examples. The results are compared with a recently published technique based on a fractional-order PID controller. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the plant is studied by varying the plant parameters and operating load conditions from their prescribed values. It is observed that the current controller is a robust controller and performs satisfactorily with variations in system parameters and load patterns.
Robust static output feedback design with pole placement constraints for linear systems with polytopic uncertainties
Authors: Behrouz Hadi , Mohammadzaman Iman , Mohammadi Ali
Published: January 2019

A necessary and sufficient condition for static output feedback (SOF) controller design for linear systems with polytopic uncertainties is derived in the form of the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) with a line search over some scalar parameters to locate the closed-loop poles in the desired complex plane. The extension of the result to H2 SOF synthesis is studied, which guarantees a minimum bound on the H2 performance level in addition to the pole placement constraints. One of the advantages of the new method is the possibility of applying them to general systems without any constraints on the system matrices. In order to improve the performance and reduce conservatism of the SOF conditions, the Lyapunov matrix is considered parameter dependent. Numerical examples are presented to show the performance and effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Adaptive nonlinear control of an autonomous underwater vehicle
Authors: Tabataba’i-Nasab Fahimeh S , Keymasi Khalaji Ali , Moosavian Seyed Ali A
Published: January 2019

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are highly nonlinear underactuated systems with uncertain dynamics and a challenging control problem. The main focus of this paper is to present a control law that shows desirable performance in the presence of modeling uncertainties. In this study, uncertainties are considered to be bounded and the AUV mathematical model is obtained in the presence of such uncertainties. Forces and torques applied to the AUV are also designed using a nonlinear dynamic controller. Appropriate adaptive rules are also presented to overcome system uncertainties and external disturbances. The adaptive nonlinear dynamic controller is designed based on upper bounds of system uncertainties and its stability is proven using the Lyapunov theory. In this article, the performance of the proposed control algorithm for tracking reference trajectories in an obstacle-rich environment is investigated. Therefore, the control algorithm is combined with potential fields for obstacle avoidance. Obtained results show the efficiency of the proposed controller.