bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicles shuttle protective messages against heat stress in bovine granulosa cells
Authors: Gebremedhn Samuel , Gad Ahmed , Aglan Hoda Samir , Laurincik Jozef , Prochazka Radek , Salilew-Wondim Dessie , Hoelker Michael , Schellander Karl , Tesfaye Dawit
Published: September 2020

Elevated summer temperature is reported to be the leading cause of stress in dairy and beef cows, which negatively affects various reproductive functions. Follicular cells respond to heat stress (HS) by activating the expression of heat shock family proteins (HSPs) and other antioxidants. HS is reported to negatively affect the bi-directional communication between the follicular cells and the oocyte, which is partly mediated by follicular fluid extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from surrounding cells. As carriers of bioactive molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, and lipids), the involvement of EVs in mediating the stress response in follicular cells is not fully understood. Here we used an in vitro model to decipher the cellular and EV-coupled miRNAs of bovine granulosa cells in response to HS. Moreover, the protective role of stress-related EVs against subsequent HS was assessed. For this, bovine granulosa cells from smaller follicles were cultured in vitro and after sub-confluency, cells were either kept at 37 °C or subjected to HS (42 °C). Results showed that granulosa cells exposed to HS increased the accumulation of ROS, total oxidized protein, apoptosis, and the expression of HSPs and antioxidants, while the viability of cells was reduced. Moreover, 14 and 6 miRNAs were differentially expressed in heat-stressed granulosa cells and the corresponding EVs, respectively. Supplementation of stress-related EVs in cultured granulosa cells has induced adaptive response to subsequent HS. However, this potential was not pronounced when the cells were kept under 37 °C. Taking together, EVs generated from granulosa cells exposed to HS has the potential to shuttle bioactive molecules to recipient cells and make them robust to subsequent HS.
Homogenization of Maxwell’s equations in a layered system beyond the static approximation
Authors: Merzlikin Alexander M. , Puzko Roman S.
Published: September 2020

The propagation of electromagnetic waves through a disordered layered system is considered in the paradigm of the homogenization of Maxwell’s equations. Although the accuracy of the effective dielectric permittivity and/or magnetic permeability is still unclear outside the static approximation, we show that the effective wave vector can be correctly introduced even in high-frequency cases. It is demonstrated that both the real and imaginary parts of the effective wave vector are self-averaging quantities connected by the Kramers–Kronig relations. We provide a unified approach to describe the propagation and localization of electromagnetic waves in terms of the effective wave vector. We show that the effective wave vector plays the same role in describing composite materials in electrodynamics as the effective dielectric permittivity does in statics.
Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of chemotherapy treatment in patients with muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer in the Netherlands
Authors: Reesink Daan J. , van de Garde Ewoudt M. W. , Peters Bas. J. M. , van der Nat Paul B. , Los Maartje , Horenblas Simon , van Melick Harm H. E.
Published: September 2020

This retrospective study was performed to evaluate real-world oncological outcomes of patients treated with chemo-based therapy for muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer (MIBC/mBC) and compare results to data from RCTs and other cohorts. Among 1578 patients diagnosed, 470 (30%) had MIBC/mBC. Median overall survival (mOS) for RC alone (47 months), first-line (13 months) and second-line (7 months) chemotherapy, and chemotherapy for recurrent disease (8 months) were similar to literature. Treatment with neoadjuvant and induction chemotherapy (NAIC) was only utilized in 9% of patients, and often in patients with poor disease status, resulting in a lower mOS compared to literature (35 and 20 months, respectively). Patients treated with chemotherapy had many adversities to treatment, with only 50%, 13%, 18% and 7% of patients in NAIC, first-line, salvage after RC, and second-line setting completing the full pre-planned chemotherapy treatment. Real-world data shows NAIC before RC is underutilized. Adversities during chemotherapy treatment are frequent, with many patients requiring dose reduction or early treatment termination, resulting in poor treatment response. Although treatment efficacy between RCTs and real-world patients is quite similar, there are large differences in baseline characteristics and treatment patterns. Possibly, results from retrospective studies on real-world data can deliver missing evidence on efficacy of chemotherapy treatment on older and ‘unfit’ patients.
Skeletal age prediction model from percentage of adult height in children and adolescents
Authors: Olivares Luis Alberto Flores , De León Lidia G. , Fragoso Maria Isabel
Published: September 2020

Skeletal age (SA) is considered the gold standard to assess the degree of maturation and has been widely used in sports, education and public health areas; however, it requires sophisticated equipment and well-trained technicians. Therefore, it is important to develop non-invasive methods for its evaluation. The aim was to develop an equation to predict SA using the percentage of adult height. SA was measured by Tanner-Whitehouse-3 method, and the percentage of adult height was estimated by two methodologies: Tanner-Whitehouse-3 method (P-TW3) and Khamis-Roche method (P-KR) using 839 schoolchildren of both sexes. Linear regression was used for predicting SA from P-TW3; then P-TW3 was replaced in the equation for P-KR value. Bland–Altman graphs, interclass correlation coefficient and Kappa index were used as validation tests. Model showed a SA predictive capacity of 93.2% in boys and 96.8% in girls. The average differences between SA measured and SA predicted by P-TW3 was 0.0504 (± 0.664) in boys and 0.0144 (± 0.435) in girls (P = 0.229 and 0.667, respectively). When P-TW3 was replaced for P-KR value in the equation, the average differences were − 0.0532 in boys and 0.0850 in girls (P = 0.509 and 0.167 respectively). The present model, based on the percentage of adult height, showed an adequate estimation of SA in children and adolescents and it can be used in the absence of bone X-ray equipment, in healthy boys aged 9 to 15 and girls 8 to 13.
Analytical formulas representing track-structure simulations on DNA damage induced by protons and light ions at radiotherapy-relevant energies
Authors: Kundrát Pavel , Friedland Werner , Becker Janine , Eidemüller Markus , Ottolenghi Andrea , Baiocco Giorgio
Published: September 2020

Track structure based simulations valuably complement experimental research on biological effects of ionizing radiation. They provide information at the highest level of detail on initial DNA damage induced by diverse types of radiation. Simulations with the biophysical Monte Carlo code PARTRAC have been used for testing working hypotheses on radiation action mechanisms, for benchmarking other damage codes and as input for modelling subsequent biological processes. To facilitate such applications and in particular to enable extending the simulations to mixed radiation field conditions, we present analytical formulas that capture PARTRAC simulation results on DNA single- and double-strand breaks and their clusters induced in cells irradiated by ions ranging from hydrogen to neon at energies from 0.5 GeV/u down to their stopping. These functions offer a means by which radiation transport codes at the macroscopic scale could easily be extended to predict biological effects, exploiting a large database of results from micro-/nanoscale simulations, without having to deal with the coupling of spatial scales and running full track-structure calculations.
Effects of degradable magnesium on paracrine signaling between human umbilical cord perivascular cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Wang Qian , Xu Lei , Helmholz Heike , Willumeit-Römer Regine , Luthringer-Feyerabend Bérengère J. C.
Published: September 2020

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) interact with numerous immune cells that can promote regenerative processes and influence inflammatory responses.
Design of co-symbiotic FexMnyO catalysts for NO reduction by CO
Authors: Wei Longqing , Liu Tangkang , Wu Yaohui , Liu Hao , Dong Lihui , Li Bin
Published: September 2020

FexMnyO catalyst with different Fe content was prepared by ethylene glycol solvent-thermal method, and the CO-SCR activity of FexMnyO catalyst was tested to investigate the influence of Fe doping amount on the activity of manganese based catalyst.
Heterometallic {ZnEu}-metal–organic framework for efficient chemical fixation of CO2
Authors: Lv Hongxiao , Chen Hongtai , Fan Liming , Zhang Xiutang
Published: September 2020

A robust double-walled honeycomb material {[EuIIIZnII(HPTTBA)(H2O)]·4DMF·3H2O}n with excellent catalytic performance for the chemical fixation of CO2 was presented by utilizing a ligand-directed synthetic strategy.
Quadruple bonding of bare group-13 atoms in transition metal complexes
Authors: Pan Sudip , Manoj Sai , Frenking Gernot
Published: September 2020

Bonding analysis shows that E–TM(CO)3q bonds possess four bonding components: one strong electron-sharing σ bond E–TM(CO)3q, two π backdonations E⇇TM(CO)3q and one weak σ donation E→TM(CO)3q.
The dual roles of a V(iii) centre for substrate binding and oxygen atom abstraction; nitrite reduction mediated by a V(iii) complex
Authors: Pan Hung-Ruei , Wu Zong-Han , Kuo Chin-Ting , Ou Han-Jang , Lee Gene-Hsiang , Hsu Hua-Fen
Published: September 2020

A V(iii) complex demonstrates the reactivity of nitrite reduction without adding external protons or oxophilic substrates. In this reaction, the V(iii) ion plays dual functions: the site for substrate binding and oxygen-atom-transfer reagent.
Emerging investigator series: heterogeneous OH oxidation of primary brown carbon aerosol: effects of relative humidity and volatility
Authors: Schnitzler Elijah G. , Liu Tengyu , Hems Rachel F. , Abbatt Jonathan P. D.
Published: September 2020

Changes in the composition and absorptivity of primary brown carbon aerosol generated from smoldering pine were measured during exposure to hydroxyl radical in a photo-reaction chamber.
Performance enhancement of a humidification–dehumidification seawater desalination system
Authors: Abbady Hamed , Mohamed A. S. A. , Ahmed M. Salem , Hassan Hamdy
Published: September 2020

A humidification–dehumidification water desalination system using three modified cycles.
Confined pyrolysis of a dye pollutant for two-dimensional F,N,S tri-doped nanocarbon as a high performance oxidative coupling reaction catalyst
Authors: Liu Sijie , Chen Sian , Yu Ao , Hu Yajing , Yu Bingzhe , Wang Haining , Peng Ping , Li Fang-Fang
Published: September 2020

Two-dimensional F,N,S tri-doped nanocarbon was synthesized by confined pyrolysis of a dye pollutant and utilized as a high efficient metal-free catalyst for oxidative coupling of amines.
Metal-free visible light-promoted synthesis of isothiazoles: a catalytic approach for N–S bond formation from iminyl radicals under batch and flow conditions
Authors: Cabrera-Afonso María Jesús , Cembellín Sara , Halima-Salem Adnane , Berton Mateo , Marzo Leyre , Miloudi Abdellah , Maestro M. Carmen , Alemán José
Published: September 2020

N–S bond formation by iminyl radicals. Isothiazole synthesis.
The effect of nanoparticle presence on aerosol formation during nanoparticle-enhanced laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Holá Markéta , Salajková Zita , Hrdlička Aleš , Ondráček Jakub , Novotný Karel , Pavliňák David , Vojtíšek-Lom Michal , Čelko Ladislav , Pořízka Pavel , Kanický Viktor , Prochazka David , Novotný Jan , Kaiser Jozef
Published: September 2020

The presence of gold nanoparticles on the metallic sample surface positively changes the particle size distribution of the laser ablation aerosol.
Near-room-temperature reversible giant barocaloric effects in [(CH3)4N]Mn[N3]3 hybrid perovskite
Authors: Salgado-Beceiro Jorge , Nonato Ariel , Silva Rosivaldo Xavier , García-Fernández Alberto , Sánchez-Andújar Manuel , Castro-García Socorro , Stern-Taulats Enric , Señarís-Rodríguez María Antonia , Moya Xavier , Bermúdez-García Juan Manuel
Published: September 2020

We report giant reversible barocaloric effects in [(CH3)4N]Mn[N3]3 hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite, near its first-order cubic-monoclinic structural phase transition at T0 ∼ 305 K.
Intravenously administeredd-mannitol-coated maghemite nanoparticles cause elemental anomalies in selected rat organs
Authors: Matusiak Katarzyna , Drozdz Agnieszka , Setkowicz Zuzanna , Kubala-Kukus Aldona , Stabrawa Ilona , Ciarach Małgorzata , Janeczko Krzysztof , Horak Daniel , Babic Michal , Chwiej Joanna
Published: September 2020

In this study novel d-mannitol coated maghemite nanoparticles (MIONPs) are presented in terms of their influence on elemental homeostasis of living organisms and for this purpose highly sensitive total reflection X-ray fluorescence was used. Because of the biological indifference of d-mannitol and presumed lower toxicity of maghemite, compared to the most commonly used magnetite in nanomedicine, such nanoparticles seem to be promising candidates for biomedical applications. The examined dose of MIONPs was comparable with one of the lowest doses used in medical diagnostics. However, it should be emphasized that the amount of iron injected in this form is still significant compared to its total content in organs, especially in kidneys or the heart, and may easily disrupt their elemental homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the elemental changes occurring in selected rat organs after injecting a low dose of MIONPs. The results were compared with those obtained for previously examined PEG-coated nanoparticles with magnetite cores. In the light of our findings the elemental changes observed after exposure to MIONPs were less extensive than those following PEG-coated magnetite nanoparticle administration.
Unprecedented palladium(ii) complex containing dipodal 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives: synthesis, structure, and biological and thermal investigations
Authors: Heidari Leila , Ghassemzadeh Mitra , Fenske Dieter , Fuhr Olaf , Saeidifar Maryam , Mohsenzadeh Farshid
Published: September 2020

The synthesis and characterization of a novel palladium complex based on a bioactive 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative has been investigated. This novel complex showed excellent antibacterial activity and its thermolysis resulted in PdO nanoparticles.
A new environmentally-friendly route to in situ form a high-corrosion-resistant nesquehonite film on pure magnesium
Authors: Cao Xianlong , Ren Quanyou , Yang Youkun , Hou Xianglong , Yan Yongbo , Hu Jie , Deng Hongda , Yu Daliang , Lan Wei , Pan Fusheng
Published: September 2020

A nesquehonite protective film with high corrosion resistance was prepared on pure Mg via a new environmentally-friendly in situ carbonation route.
A metal–organic framework/polymer derived catalyst containing single-atom nickel species for electrocatalysis
Authors: Yang Shuliang , Zhang Jie , Peng Li , Asgari Mehrdad , Stoian Dragos , Kochetygov Ilia , Luo Wen , Oveisi Emad , Trukhina Olga , Clark Adam H. , Sun Daniel T. , Queen Wendy L.
Published: September 2020

A metal–organic framework/polymer derived catalyst containing single-atom nickel species shows good performance for electroreduction of CO2 to CO.
A comprehensive review on the fabrication, modification and applications of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathodes
Authors: Zhu Lin , Wang Hong , Sun Dan , Tang Yougen , Wang Haiyan
Published: September 2020

This review provides a specialized summary of Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathodes for the first time, including an in-depth discussion of fabrication methods, modification strategies and applications.
Suppressing H2–H3 phase transition in high Ni–low Co layered oxide cathode material by dual modification
Authors: Jamil Sidra , Wang Gang , Yang Li , Xie Xin , Cao Shuang , Liu Hong , Chang Baobao , Wang Xianyou
Published: September 2020

Dual modification can effectively stabilize layered structure, improve cycling stability, amend reaction kinetics and facilitate Li+ transport for the application of high Ni cathodes in EVs.
Investigating the electroactivity of nitrogen species in MoC nanoparticles/N-doped carbon nanosheets for high-performance Na/Li-ion batteries
Authors: Wu Qing , Li Xiaofeng , Wang Xianjie , Yao Tai , Bai Ying , Jian Jikang , Song Bo
Published: September 2020

Various MoC/nitrogen (N)-doped carbon nanosheet hybrid materials (MoC@NCs) have been synthesized, and the effects of various N dopants [graphitic N (G6-N), pyrrolic N (P5-N), pyridinic N (P6-N), and Mo–N] on the electrochemical properties were systematically investigated.
Regulating the growth of aluminum electrodeposits: towards anode-free Al batteries
Authors: Zhao Qing , Zheng Jingxu , Deng Yue , Archer Lynden
Published: September 2020

2-D Au coatings enable stable and uniform deposition of Aluminum.
Recent development and advances in Photodetectors based on two-dimensional topological insulators
Authors: Wang Bing , Zhong Shipeng , Xu Ping , Zhang Han
Published: September 2020

Photodetectors are optoelectronic devices with excellent photoelectric conversion abilities.
Piezoelectric Ba and Ti co-doped BiFeO3 textured films: selective growth of solid solutions or nanocomposites
Authors: Micard Quentin , Pellegrino Anna L. , Lo Nigro Raffaella , Bartasyte Ausrine , Condorelli Guglielmo G. , Malandrino Graziella
Published: September 2020

Accurate control of the MOCVD process parameters results selectively and reproducibly in the formation of two different systems: a single-phase solid solution film and a nanocomposite sample formed by nanocolumns embedded in a solid solution film.
Forsythoside A protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through up-regulating microRNA-124
Authors: Lu Zibin , Yang Huayi , Cao Huihui , Huo Chuying , Chen Yuyao , Liu Dongyi , Xie Pei , Zhou Hongling , Liu Junshan , Yu Linzhong
Published: September 2020

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disease without effective pharmacotherapies, so far. Forsythia suspensa is frequently used in the treatment of lung infection in traditional Chinese medicine. In search for natural anti-inflammatory components, the activity and the underlying mechanism of Forsythoside A (FA) from Forsythia suspensa were explored. In the present paper, BALB/c mice and murine RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated by LPS to establish inflammation models. Data showed that FA inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6 and the activation of STAT3 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, FA increased the expression level of microRNA-124 (miR-124). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of FA on STAT3 was counteracted by the treatment of miR-124 inhibitor. Critically, FA ameliorated LPS-induced ALI pathological damage, the increase in lung water content and inflammatory cytokine, cells infiltration and activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway in BALB/c mice. Meanwhile, FA up-regulated the expression of miR-124 in lungs, while administration with miR-124 inhibitor attenuated the protective effects of FA. Our results indicated that FA alleviates LPS-induced inflammation through up-regulating miR-124 in vitro and in vivo. These findings indicate the potential of FA and miR-124 in the treatment of ALI.
Uncovering protein structure
Authors: Stollar Elliott J , Smith David P
Published: September 2020

Structural biology is the study of the molecular arrangement and dynamics of biological macromolecules, particularly proteins. The resulting structures are then used to help explain how proteins function. This article gives the reader an insight into protein structure and the underlying chemistry and physics that is used to uncover protein structure. We start with the chemistry of amino acids and how they interact within, and between proteins, we also explore the four levels of protein structure and how proteins fold into discrete domains. We consider the thermodynamics of protein folding and why proteins misfold. We look at protein dynamics and how proteins can take on a range of conformations and states. In the second part of this review, we describe the variety of methods biochemists use to uncover the structure and properties of proteins that were described in the first part. Protein structural biology is a relatively new and exciting field that promises to provide atomic-level detail to more and more of the molecules that are fundamental to life processes.
Associations Between Measures of Auditory Function and Brief Assessments of Cognition
Authors: Humes Larry E.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

The two primary purposes of this report are (a) to compare the results of three brief cognitive screens in older adults and (b) to examine associations between performance on each of the screens and auditory function measured either concurrently or 9 years earlier.

Method

This was a prospective longitudinal study of 98 adults (66 women) with baseline ages ranging from 40 to 85 years. The mean interval between T1 baseline and T2 follow-up measurements was 8.8 years with a range from 7 to 11 years. Measures of hearing threshold, gap detection, and auditory temporal-order identification were completed at T1 and T2. The Mini-Mental State Examination was completed at T1 and T2, whereas the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and A Quick Test were completed at T2 only.

Results

Higher scores and pass rates were obtained for the Mini-Mental State Examination than for the MoCA or the A Quick Test. The measures were moderately correlated among themselves and with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Third Edition. Significant associations emerged frequently between auditory and cognitive functions, most often for the auditory measure of temporal-order identification, including dichotic measures of this ability.

Conclusions

From this evaluation, the MoCA emerged as the preferred test for clinicians desiring a quick assessment of the cognitive function of their older patients. Auditory temporal-order identification is associated with cognitive function and explains about 10%–20% of the variation in cognitive function independent of age and hearing loss.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12986021
Investigating episodic accretion in a very low-mass young stellar object
Authors: Stock C. , Caratti o Garatti A. , McGinnis P. , Garcia Lopez R. , Antoniucci S. , Fedriani R. , Ray T. P.
Published: September 2020

Context. Very low-mass Class I protostars have been investigated very little thus far. Variability of these young stellar objects (YSOs) and whether or not they are capable of strong episodic accretion is also left relatively unstudied.

Aims. We investigate accretion variability in IRS 54 (YLW52), a Class I very low-mass protostar with a mass of M⋆ ∼ 0.1 − 0.2 M⊙.

Methods. We obtained spectroscopic and photometric data with VLT/ISAAC and VLT/SINFONI in the near-infrared (J, H, and K bands) across four epochs (2005, 2010, 2013, and 2014). We used accretion-tracing lines (Paβ and Brγ) and outflow-tracing lines (H2 and [Fe II]) to examine physical properties and kinematics of the object.

Results. A large increase in luminosity was found between the 2005 and 2013 epochs of more than 1 magnitude in the K band, followed in 2014 by a steep decrease. Consistently, the mass accretion rate (Ṁacc) rose by an order of magnitude from ∼10−8 M⊙ yr−1 to ∼10−7 M⊙ yr−1 between the two early epochs. The visual extinction (AV) has also increased from ∼15 mag in 2005 to ∼24 mag in 2013. This rise in AV in tandem with the increase in Ṁacc is explained by the lifting up of a large amount of dust from the disc of IRS 54, following the augmented accretion and ejection activity in the YSO, which intersects our line of sight due to the almost edge-on geometry of the disc. Because of the strength and timescales involved in this dramatic increase, this event is believed to have been an accretion burst possibly similar to bursts of EXor-type objects. IRS 54 is the lowest mass Class I source observed to have an accretion burst of this type, and therefore potentially one of the lowest mass EXor-type objects known so far.
Thermophysical model for icy cometary dust particles
Authors: Markkanen J. , Agarwal J.
Published: September 2020

Context. Cometary dust particles are subjected to various forces after being lifted off the nucleus. These forces define the dynamics of dust, trajectories, alignment, and fragmentation, which, in turn, have a significant effect on the particle distribution in the coma.

Aims. We develop a numerical thermophysical model that is applicable to icy cometary dust to study the forces attributed to the sublimation of ice.

Methods. We extended the recently introduced synoptic model for ice-free dust particles to ice-containing dust. We introduced an additional source term to the energy balance equation accounting for the heat of sublimation and condensation. We use the direct simulation Monte Carlo approach with the dusty gas model to solve the mass balance equation and the energy balance equation simultaneously.

Results. The numerical tests show that the proposed method can be applied for dust particles covering the size range from tens of microns to centimetres with a moderate computational cost. We predict that for an assumed ice volume fraction of 0.05, particles with a radius, r ≫ 1 mm, at 1.35 AU, may disintegrate into mm-sized fragments due to internal pressure build-up. Particles with r < 1 cm lose their ice content within minutes. Hence, we expect that only particles with r > 1 cm may demonstrate sustained sublimation and the resulting outgassing forces.
R-matrix electron-impact excitation data for the N-like iso-electronic sequence
Authors: Mao Junjie , Badnell N. R. , Del Zanna G.
Published: September 2020

Context. Spectral lines from N-like ions can be used to measure the temperature and density of various types of astrophysical plasmas. The atomic databases of astrophysical plasma modelling codes still have room for improvement in their electron-impact excitation data sets for N-like ions, especially for R-matrix data. This is particularly relevant for future observatories (e.g. Arcus), which will host high-resolution spectrometers.

Aims. We aim to obtain level-resolved effective collision strengths for all transitions up to nl = 5d over a wide range of temperatures for N-like ions from O II to Zn XXIV (i.e. O+ to Zn23+) and to assess the accuracy of the present work. We also examine the impact of our new data on plasma diagnostics by modelling solar observations with CHIANTI.

Methods. We carried out systematic R-matrix calculations for N-like ions, which included 725 fine-structure target levels in both the configuration interaction target and close-coupling collision expansions. The R-matrix intermediate coupling frame transformation method was used to calculate the collision strengths, while the AUTOSTRUCTURE code was used for the atomic structures.

Results. We compare the present results for selected ions with those in archival databases and the literature. The comparison covers energy levels, oscillator strengths, and effective collision strengths. We show examples of improved plasma diagnostics when compared to CHIANTI models, which use only distorted wave data as well as some using previous R-matrix data. The electron-impact excitation data are archived according to the Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) data class adf04 and will be available in OPEN-ADAS. The data can be used to improve the atomic databases for astrophysical plasma diagnostics.
Late Triassic ostracods from the Lycian Nappes, southwestern Turkey: implications on taxonomy and palaeobiogeographical distribution
Authors: Forel Marie-Béatrice , Moix Patrice
Published: September 2020

The first ostracods known from the Lycian Nappes in southwestern Turkey are here reported, adding to the scientific understanding of marine ostracods during the Cordevolian, early Carnian, Late Triassic. The Karapınar Formation exposed at the Ağılıovası Yayla section yielded five species, including the typical Late TriassicMirabairdia longispinosaKristan-Tollmann,Nodobairdia mammilataKollmann andPolycope pumicosa schleiferaeKozur. Their taxonomy is discussed and the ontogenetic development ofNodobairdia mammilatais described for the first time. In spite of the limited significance of this poor fauna for palaeoenvironment reconstitution, it points to a deposition in the offshore subtidal zone under moderate water depth, in line with previous interpretations. The palaeobiogeographical distribution of marine ostracods during the Late Triassic is updated and discussed. It implies that communication ways between the Palaeotethys and Neotethys oceans were already opened during the Cordevolian, slightly earlier than the Julian as previously proposed.
An overview of conventional and non-conventional techniques for machining of titanium alloys
Authors: Oke Samuel Ranti , Ogunwande Gabriel Seun , Onifade Moshood , Aikulola Emmanuel , Adewale Esther Dolapo , Olawale Olumide Emmanuel , Ayodele Babapelumi Ebun , Mwema Fredrick , Obiko Japheth , Bodunrin Michael Oluwatosin
Published: September 2020

Machining is one of the major contributors to the high cost of titanium-based components. This is as a result of severe tool wear and high volume of waste generated from the workpiece. Research efforts seeking to reduce the cost of titanium alloys have explored the possibility of either eliminating machining as a processing step or optimising parameters for machining titanium alloys. Since the former is still at the infant stage, this article provides a review on the common machining techniques that were used for processing titanium-based components. These techniques are classified into two major categories based on the type of contact between the titanium workpiece and the tool. The two categories were dubbed conventional and non-conventional machining techniques. Most of the parameters that are associated with these techniques and their corresponding machinability indicators were presented. The common machinability indicators that are covered in this review include surface roughness, cutting forces, tool wear rate, chip formation and material removal rate. However, surface roughness, tool wear rate and metal removal rate were emphasised. The critical or optimum combination of parameters for achieving improved machinability was also highlighted. Some recommendations on future research directions are made.
Soothing effect of virgin coriander seed oil on sensitive skin
Authors: Kern Catherine , Gombert Christian , Roso Alicia , Garcia Christine
Published: September 2020

Sensitive skin is a common condition that concerns many people in the world. This syndrome is defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations such as stinging and burning in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. The main hypothesis attributed to the occurrence of sensitive skin is the disruption of the epidermal barrier and a greater penetration of substances such as irritants. In keratinocytes, the NF-κB pathway, which plays an important role in orchestrating inflammatory responses, is then activated. Regulation of this activation is a key issue to control inflammation. Due to the wide variety of sensory symptoms, neurosensory dysfunction also represents a mechanism to be considered. Some of the cutaneous nerve endings express TRPA1, a sensor of skin barrier insult, which is involved in a variety of physiological or cellular processes including nociception, itch and neurogenic inflammation. Regulation of such sensor activation is also an issue to consider to control neurosensory dysfunction. Coriander seed oil is a 100% virgin oil of coriander seeds and boasts a unique composition of fatty acids. The soothing effect of coriander seed oil on sensitive skins was investigated by studying its capacity to regulate NF-κB and TRPA1 activation. Coriander seed oil allowed the regulation of NF-κB activation induced by TNF-α in an in vitro model of inflammation in keratinocytes. It also regulated the activation of TRPA1 induced by allyl isothiocyanate in an in vitro model of keratinocytes-neurons co-culture. These results are in favor of a soothing effect of coriander seed oil.
Connaissances en radioprotection des travailleurs exposés aux rayonnements ionisants en milieu médical en Afrique francophone sub-saharienne
Authors: Akanni D.W.M.M. , Savi de Tové K.-M. , Damien B.G. , Kiki S.M. , Adjadohoun S.B.M.G. , Yekpe-Ahouansou P. , N’zi K.P.
Published: September 2020

L’objectif de cette étude était de mesurer le niveau de connaissances en radioprotection des travailleurs exposés aux rayonnements ionisants en milieu médical en Afrique francophone sub-saharienne. Une étude transversale sous forme de questionnaire a été réalisée à Cotonou en mai 2019 durant les Journées de radiologie d’Afrique noire francophone (JRANF). Les connaissances ont été évaluées sur les sources des rayonnements ionisants (RI), les principes élémentaires de la radioprotection, les effets biologiques des RI, les effets pathologiques des RI, les grandeurs et unités en radioprotection, la radioprotection des patients, la grossesse et l’exposition médicale aux RI. Le score global des connaissances (SGC) a été calculé à partir du nombre de bonnes réponses aux questions (n = 20) et classé en « Bon », « Moyen » ou « Mauvais ». La relation entre la qualification professionnelle des travailleurs et leurs connaissances en radioprotection a été analysée. La population d’étude était composée de 91 travailleurs. La moyenne du SGC était de 7,9 avec des valeurs extrêmes de 2 et 12. Le SGC était classé « Mauvais » chez 93,41 % de la population d’étude et aucun des enquêtés n’avait un SCG classé « Bon ». Le SGC des manipulateurs était deux fois plus petit que celui des DES-RIM (p < 0,0001) et trois fois plus petit que celui des médecins radiologues (p < 0,0001).
Consumers’ Perception of Artificial Intelligence in Banking Sector
Authors: Ryzhkova Marina , Soboleva Ekaterina , Sazonova Anastasia , Chikov Mikhail
Published: September 2020

In the article, we analyze the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on banking development. Banks implement AI to provide digital assistance and financial advice to clients, measure their financial standing etc. The paper also includes cases of the AI solutions marketing and some ideas of brand-new banking AI-based services. Despite the rapid spreading of AI across the different spheres, its efficiency is based, primarily, on consumers` attitude and loyalty to this technology. Our research shows that Russian business and consumers perceive AI in a positive light. Sberbank specialists have a positive attitude to the AI implementation in their work, consider these solutions as assistance in performing routine operations and are not afraid of dismissals. They use AI solutions both at work and in everyday life. The emerging fears are associated with possible technical failure, unauthorized transmission of personal data, lack of privacy, and unexpected consequences of AI implementation. However, in general, experts understand that the future of the financial sector is connected with this technology. According to Sberbank employees, consumers tend to demonstrate a certain level of mistrust to AI, which could result from misunderstanding of how this technology works, and what impact it has on their ways of life. Meanwhile, the level of AI resistance from both sides decreases with time. Therefore, state and financial mediators could create necessary conditions for banking development based on modern technologies.
The impact of digital currency on the activities of digital platforms
Authors: Zambalaeva Tuyana B. , Yang Chen
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the impact of digital currency on the activities of platform companies. Companies use digital platforms to improve their efficiency, build relationships between customers and the company itself, while reducing costs. The aim of the work is to determine the prospects for digital currency both on platforms and in the financial sector. It was determined that digital currencies guarantee a secure payment environment for transactions, the cost of creating the currencies themselves is low in relation to paper banknotes. Hence, the introduction of a digital currency could bring about fundamental changes in the architecture of many areas.
Solar cycle evolution of ULF wave power in solar wind and on ground
Authors: Hynönen Reko , Tanskanen Eija I. , Francia Patrizia
Published: September 2020

The solar cycle evolution of the ultra-low frequency (ULF) power was studied in solar wind and on ground. We aim finding out how the ULF power in interplanetary and on ground magnetic field evolves over the solar cycle 23 (SC23) and how well do they follow each other in monthly time scales. The hourly power of the ULF waves was computed in the Pc5 frequency range 2–7 mHz for years 1998–2008. The highest wave power in SC23 is found to occur in late 2003 and the lowest at the solar minimum. Ground ULF power follows the IMF power and solar wind speed, particularly well during declining phase. The ULF power in winter exceeds the ULF power in other seasons during the declining phase of SC23, while equinoxes dominate in the ascending phase and the solar maximum. The ground ULF power was found to rise with magnetic latitude from 54° to 73°, after which Pc5 power decreases towards the polar cap. The Pc5 power in the auroral zone is larger in the nightside than the dayside due to substorm activity implying that magnetotail processes are an important contributor to the nightside ULF power.
Current Approach for External Cephalic Version in Germany
Authors: Kohls Fabian , Gebauer Friederike , Flentje Markus , Brodowski Lars , von Kaisenberg Constantin Sylvius , Jentschke Matthias
Published: September 2020

Introduction Fetal breech presentation at terms occurs in 3 – 6% of pregnancies. External cephalic version can reduce the number of cesarean sections and vaginal breech deliveries. Different approaches are used to carry out external cephalic version. This study looked at the different approaches used in Germany and compared the approach used with the recommendations given in German and international guidelines.

Material and Methods An anonymized online survey of 234 hospitals in Germany was carried out in 2018. In addition to asking about hospital structures, questions also focused on how external version was carried out in practice (preparations, tocolysis, anesthetics, etc.), on relative and absolute contraindications and on the success rate.

Results 37.2% of the hospitals approached for the survey participated in the study. Of these, 98.8% performed external version procedures. The majority of participating hospitals were university hospitals (26.4%) and maximum care hospitals (35.6%) with an average number of more than 2000 births per year (60.9%). External cephalic version is the preferred (61.7%) obstetrical procedure to deal with breech presentation, rather than vaginal breech birth or primary cesarean section. 45.8% of respondents carry out external version procedures on an outpatient basis, and 42.1% of hospitals perform the procedure as an inpatient intervention, especially from the 37th week of gestation. Prior to performing an external version procedure, 21.6% of surveyed institutions carry out a vaginal examination to evaluate possible fixation of the fetal rump. 95.5% of institutions used fenoterol for tocolytic therapy; the majority using it for continuous tocolysis (70.2%). 1 – 3 attempts at external version (8.4%) were usually carried out by a specific senior physician. In most cases, no analgesics were administered. The reported rate of emergency cesarean sections was very low. The most common indication for emergency C-section was pathological CTG (56,7%). The assessment of relative and absolute contraindications varied, depending on the surveyed hospital. 67.5% asked patients to empty their bladders before carrying out external version, while 10.8% carried out external version when the bladder was filled. The reported success rate was more than 45%. After successful version, only 14.8% of hospitals arranged for patients to wear an abdominal binder. For 32.4%, the decision to apply an abdominal binder was taken on a case-by-case basis.

Conclusion The approach used in Germany to carry out external cephalic version is based on the (expired) German guideline on breech presentation. Based on the evidence obtained, a number of individual recommendations should be re-evaluated. More recent international guidelines could be useful to update the standard procedure.
Malignes Melanom
Authors: Schmale Ine
Published: September 2020

Mit den Immuntherapien wurde für einen Teil der Melanompatienten eine lang anhaltende Wirksamkeit nachgewiesen, was Fragen nach der optimalen Therapiedauer sowie Behandlungsstrategien für Patienten mit Tumorprogress aufwirft. Beim ASCO 2020 konnten Antworten gegeben werden.
Ovarialkarzinom
Authors: Schmale Ine
Published: September 2020

Neben den Fortschritten durch eine molekularbiologische Patientenselektion bietet die sekundäre Zytoreduktion eine Verlängerung des Gesamtüberlebens von Patientinnen mit Ovarialkarzinom, so die Ergebnisse wichtiger beim ASCO präsentierter Studien.
Fetal Growth Restriction – Diagnostic Work-up, Management and Delivery
Authors: Schlembach Dietmar
Published: September 2020

Fetal or intrauterine growth restriction (FGR/IUGR) affects approximately 5 – 8% of all pregnancies and refers to a fetus not exploiting its genetically determined growth potential. Not only a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, it also predisposes these fetuses to the development of chronic disorders in later life. Apart from the timely diagnosis and identification of the causes of FGR, the obstetric challenge primarily entails continued antenatal management with optimum timing of delivery. In order to minimise premature birth morbidity, intensive fetal monitoring aims to prolong the pregnancy and at the same time intervene, i.e. deliver, before the fetus is threatened or harmed. It is important to note that early-onset FGR (< 32 + 0 weeks of gestation [wks]) should be assessed differently than late-onset FGR (≥ 32 + 0 wks). In early-onset FGR progressive deterioration is reflected in abnormal venous Doppler parameters, while in late-onset FGR this manifests primarily in abnormal cerebral Doppler ultrasound. According to our current understanding, the “optimum” approach for monitoring and timing of delivery in early-onset FGR combines computerized CTG with the ductus venosus Doppler, while in late-onset FGR assessment of the cerebral Doppler parameters becomes more important.
Register Forschungsförderung der Deutschen Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC) und Forschungsförderungsbericht 2019/2020
Authors: Moellhoff N. , Prantl L. , Behr B. , Beier J.P. , Daigeler A. , Dragu A. , Eisenhardt S.U. , Fuchs P.C. , Germann G. , Hirsch T. , Horch R.E. , Infanger M. , Jakubietz R. , Kneser U. , Langer S. , Lehnhardt M. , Machens H.G. , Mailänder P. , Reichert B. , Radtke C. , Schaefer D.J. , Siemers F. , Stark G.B. , Steinau H.U. , Vogt P.M. , Giunta R.E.
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund Seit 2015/16 werden Forschungsanträge aus Sektionen, Abteilungen und Kliniken für Plastische Chirurgie an den Universitätskliniken Deutschlands durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC) gesammelt, ausgewertet und 2-jährlich veröffentlicht. Ziel ist es, dadurch die Forschungsleistung der Plastischen Chirurgen in Deutschland öffentlich sichtbar zu machen, um eine Stärkung der akademischen Forschungsstruktur in Deutschland zu erreichen.

Material und Methoden Die Leiter der universitären Einrichtungen wurden über den Verteiler der DGPRÄC kontaktiert und um Mitteilung der beantragten, in Begutachtung befindlichen, abgelehnten und geförderten Projekte jeglicher öffentlicher, nicht-öffentlicher, industrieller oder anderer Förderinstitute in die eigens dafür erstellte online Datenbank gebeten: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe6F5xmTyw-k7VKJx_2jkPA4LBXsA0sgBGMrC3rx_4bHj6uzQ/viewform?usp=sf_link. Zusätzlich wurden Anträge über die öffentliche Datenbank der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), dem Geförderte Projekte Informationssystem (GEPRIS), identifiziert.

Ergebnisse Eine Gesamtzahl von 41 Förderanträgen aus den öffentlichen Förderinstituten DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG und EU konnte identifiziert werden. 75,6 % (31/41) der Anträge waren zum Zeitpunkt der Datenerhebung bereits bewilligt, davon waren 77,4 % (24/31) DFG-, 9,7 % (3/31) BMWi-, 6,5 % (2/31) EU- und je 3,2 % (1/31) BMBF- und BMG-Anträge. Das durchschnittliche Fördervolumen entsprach 358 301 Euro. Die bewilligten DFG-Anträge waren in 50,0 % (12/24) der Fälle ausschließlich bzw. unter anderem dem Fachkollegium 205–27 Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie, rekonstruktive Chirurgie zugeordnet.

Schlussfolgerung Mithilfe der vorgelegten Forschungsförderungsberichte des Konvents der leitenden universitär tätigen Plastischen Chirurgen der DGPRÄC erfolgt die Veröffentlichung der exzellenten gemeinschaftlichen akademischen Forschungsleistung in unserem Fachgebiet.
Airway Considerations in Pediatric Neurosurgical Patients
Authors: Bhagat Hemant , Bloria Summit Dev , Kapil Sonia , Kaloria Narender
Published: September 2020

Managing airway in pediatric neurosurgical patients can prove to be challenging. In this article, we wish to touch upon the specific airway considerations to be kept in mind while caring for these patients during neurosurgeries.
Utilização de retalho em hélice para cobertura de lesões de partes moles em membro inferior*
Authors: Valente Adison de Souza , de Borba Denis Ferreira , de Resende Daniel Ribeiro , Resende Meyrelles Rodrigues , Goulart Ricardo Gouvea , Lima Sérgio José de
Published: September 2020

Objetivo Avaliar o uso de retalho em hélice para cobertura de lesões de partes moles em membro inferior.

Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, de revisão de prontuários e amostra de conveniência, com 14 pacientes operados entre julho de 2018 e junho de 2019. Foram avaliados os seguintes aspectos clínicos: sexo; faixa etária; tipo de lesão; causa da lesão; diagnóstico inicial; local acometido; técnica de incisão e identificação; planejamento cirúrgico; desenho do retalho; pós-operatório; resultado do retalho em hélice; e complicações.

Resultados A amostra era composta por pacientes do sexo masculino (100%), com idade média de 36,4 anos, e 92,7% das lesões eram decorrentes de acidente motociclístico, a maioria do lado direito (71,4%). O planejamento cirúrgico do retalho em hélice seguiu o mesmo procedimento em todos os casos. As complicações pós-cirúrgicas imediatas estavam presentes em 35,7%, e incluíram sangramento excessivo (14,3%), necroses parciais (14,3%), e deiscência do retalho (7,1%). No total, 13 pacientes apresentaram ótima cobertura, e em apenas 1 houve perda do retalho.

Conclusão A técnica do retalho em hélice para a cobertura de lesões em membro inferior mostrou-se uma boa alternativa na maioria dos casos avaliados, com um bom resultado cirúrgico, embora tenham sido observadas complicações em alguns casos.
Profilaxia do tromboembolismo venoso nas cirurgias do tornozelo e do pé
Authors: Zambelli Roberto , Bastos Marcos de , Rezende Suely Meireles
Published: September 2020

O tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) é uma das complicações mais temidas pelos ortopedistas, tanto pelo seu desfecho potencialmente letal quanto pelas incertezas relacionadas à sua prevenção. Apesar da vasta literatura existente sobre a prevenção de TEV nas grandes cirurgias ortopédicas, pouco se sabe sobre sua prevenção nas cirurgias do tornozelo e do pé. Uma adequada prescrição da tromboprofilaxia em ortopedia exige criteriosa avaliação dos riscos trombóticos e hemorrágicos com base no tipo de cirurgia a ser realizada, além do conhecimento sobre os anticoagulantes. Esta revisão tem como objetivos abordar a avaliação do risco de desenvolver TEV, as modalidades de tromboprofilaxia, e os fármacos utilizados, tendo como ênfase as cirurgias do pé e do tornozelo.