bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSURANCE MARKET TRANSFORMATION DURING PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Ksenofontov Artem , Slezova Adelina
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the research analysis of the current patterns of development of the insurance system during the pandemic. Insurance is an integral part of the life of every person and enterprise. In this paper, studies of insurance as part of the economy in a pandemic are carried out. The problems of the work of insurance organizations in the conditions of a pandemic are identified, as well as ways to solve them are outlined. Summing up, we can say what big changes have taken place not only on the economy market as a whole, but also on insurance.
Information technology and the mediatisation of society
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Lagutin Denis
Published: December 2021

This article examines the essence of the concept of mediatisation, which acts as the main theoretical basis for the analysis. It considers the social "transparency" that demonstrates and measures human social being through information technology. It analyses the representation of the established private and public
Study on the Connection Problems and Countermeasures of the Integration of Ideological and Political Courses in Colleges and Primary and Middle Schools
Authors: Hao Zhang , Rui Zhang
Published: December 2021

The integration of ideological and political curriculum which exists in colleges and compulsory education is a powerful guarantee for enhancing the effectiveness of the course. Putting theoretical content as well as teaching practice into effect contributes to every improvement and new idea about the curriculum. Facing the new circumstances, new tasks, and new challenges under the social background, it is necessary to reinforce the connection of the integration of the subject in universities and colleges and compulsory education, and take problems as the research direction for the sake of expanding the channels for courses ideological and political construction, and understand the integrated evolution of ideological and political theory courses of undergraduate and specialist education and compulsory education to a higher degree. Grasping the current situation and problems of the theory curriculum in colleges and compulsory education, and exploring the content of the theory in undergraduate and specialist education and compulsory education are of great significance, both in the integrated construction of ideological and political theory courses of undergraduate and specialist education and compulsory education and in making the best of the courses to implement the basic task of fostering people.
Psychometric Performance of Learning Burnout Scale for Undergraduates (LBSU) in Guangdong
Authors: Yongmei Hou , Yiyang Wang
Published: December 2021

To analyze the psychometric performance of Learning Burnout Scale for Undergraduates (LBSU) in Guangdong province． LBSU was used to conduct the survey involing 1628 undergraduates who were selcted with stratified random sampling from 7 colleges in Guangdong province. Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability were used to analyze the internal consistency of the questionnaire．Convergent validity, discriminant validity and factor analysis were used to evaluate its structural validity. Celling and floor effect were used to analyze its sensitivity. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total questionniar was 0.89 and cronbach's α coefficient of 3 dimensions were 0.73-0.78, which met with the requirements of the group comparison. Spearman - Brown split-half coefficient of the total questionniar and 3 dimensions were 0.90, 0.85, 0.81, 0.79, respectively, which also met with the requirements of the group comparison. Both the calibration success rate of convergent validity and discriminant validity of each dimension were 100%. Four components obtained from 20 items which cumulative variance contribution rate was 51.924%. The total score and score of each dimension were all normal distribution, without any floor or celling effect in dimensions. The psychometric performance of LBSU for assessing undergraduates in Guangdong province is valid and reliable．
Coping Strategies of Nigeria Higher Education Institutions during COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Bin Yan , Aliyu Yusuf Moyi
Published: December 2021

Beginning at end of the year 2019, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has drowned the world into uncertainty and has threatened the continuity of traditional classroom learning that is the backbone and, in many cases, the main method of learning in most countries. This paper seeks to ascertain how Higher Institutions of learning in Nigeria have thrived during the lockdown period, based on the National policy document that spells out the guidelines for school reopening. Official documents such as newspaper reports university bulletins are used to corroborate in order to ascertain the implementation of the provisions of the policy guideline document as well as assess the efficacy of the measures on students’ quality of learning.
Research by Online Education for a New Era on the Dependence of Vocational Students on Mobile Phones and Their Loneliness
Authors: Weiwei Zhou , Renfang Han , Faming Pan
Published: December 2021

More and more problems have been arisen from higher social development level and more and more terminal devices, especially addictive devices have been exposed to the education field during the constant development of cutting-edge techniques, thus making students more and more dependent on mobile phones and other terminal devices. In this process, students tend to more depend on mobile phones, which will make students sort out the exchange and communication with other persons by taking mobile phones as the core and be lonely. It is very important for the current vocational education to research the dependence of students on mobile phones and their loneliness, and break the deadlock. Therefore, in this paper, the online education is researched, and the dependence of vocational students on mobile phones as well as their loneliness are solved based on online education.
The Impact of the Network Trade Era on the Chinese (Asian) Economy
Authors: Bing Han
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, network trade has emerged and broken through the traditional trade boundaries in the rapidly developing information technology. Therefore, with the advent of the information age, network trade has had a series of impacts on China’s economy, which has given wings to the take-off of China’s economy, but also made the development of China’s economy face a new environment and new challenges. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the connotation of network trade, and analyzes the impact of the network trade era on China’s economy. Through such a study, it aims to make China better seize the opportunities of the times and meet the challenges of the times in the process of promoting social and economic development, so as to achieve a good and rapid development of the national economy.
Comparative Analysis of Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong Insurance Products and the Prospect of Insurance Industry
Authors: Yujin Zhang , Jiongjie Liu , Caiying Hou
Published: December 2021

As an emerging financial product, insurance is attracting more and more people. Hong Kong with developed insurance industry attracts investment from mainland residents. This paper starts with the development process and current situation of insurance products, insurance markets and relevant government policies in the mainland and Hong Kong, compares the similarities and differences of insurance products in the mainland and Hong Kong, and explores the development prospects and direction of both insurance by finding information and analyzing the audience.
The Impact of Digital Economy on Total Factor Productivity of China’s Service Industry
Authors: Chunyan Liang , Zhengyuan Chen
Published: December 2021

As a kind of integrated economy, digital economy has an important impact on the economic growth and production and lifestyle of multiple countries and regions, and plays a significant role in promoting the reconstruction of the international economic pattern. As an important industry of China’s national economy, the service industry is crucial to China’s economic growth. This paper measures the development level of digital economy in provinces and cities through constructing digital economy index system, uses super efficiency SBM-Malmquist model to measure total factor productivity of service industry, and tests the influence effect of digital economy on total factor productivity of Chinese service industry. Finally, the optimization path of digital economy on China’s service industry is proposed.
The importance of morphometric parameters in differentiating benign/reactive urothelial cells from low-grade urothelial carcinoma: computer-assisted study on urine specimens
Authors: Musayev J. , Metilli N. , Sholan R. , Hasanov A. , Damirli A. , Bakhshaliyeva K.
Published: December 2021

Background. Urine cytology is deemed a sensitive method in detection of high-grade urothelial carcinoma. In contrast, detection of low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) and its differentiation from reactive lesions is difficult with urinary cytology. Objective. Our study aims to determine the effectiveness of morphometric parameters in differentiating reactive urothelial cells from LGUC by cytological examination of urine specimens. Methods. Voided urine samples were used for the study, while the cases were randomized into two groups: those diagnosed with LGUC (first group; N=10) and those which were not diagnosed with LGUC (second group; N=10). The morphometric parameters of major nuclear diameter (MaND), minor nuclear diameter (MiND), mean nuclear area (MNA), cell diameter (CD), mean cell area (MCA), as well as MaND/CD, MiND/CD, MiND/MaND and MNA/MCA ratios were measured on 100 urothelial cells for each case through ScopeImage® 9.0 software. Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean values of MiND/CD (p=0.017) and MNA/MCA (p=0.002) ratios of groups. The mean value of both parameters in the first group constituted 0.2 and higher, and below 0.2 in the second group. Conclusion. The ratios of MiND/CD and MNA/MCA in urothelial cells proved significantly higher in patients with LGUC than benign/reactive cases. The reliability of these findings in differentiating LGUC from benign/reactive lesions needs to be verified through studies examining a large number of cases. These parameters can be assessed much faster through a special software enabling an automatic measurement and thus can be used in routine cytological examination.
Dermal fibroblasts: the terminology, heterogeneity of subpopulations and common properties
Authors: Tverdokhlib I. V. , Silkina Yu. V.
Published: December 2021

Dermal fibroblasts are a dynamic and diverse population of cells whose functions in skin in many respects remain unknown. Normal adult human skin contains at least three distinct subpopulations of fibroblasts, which occupy unique niches in the dermis. Fibroblasts from each of these niches exhibit distinctive differences when cultured separately. Specific differences in fibroblast histophysiology are evident in papillary dermal fibroblasts, which reside in the superficial dermis, and reticular fibroblasts, which reside in the deep dermis. Both of these subpopulations of fibroblasts differ from the fibroblasts that are associated with hair follicles. Fibroblasts engage in fibroblast-epidermal interactions during hair development and in interfollicular regions of skin. They also play an important role in cutaneous structural transformations.
Features of the expression of melatonin MT1 receptors in the general cover of rats caused by light deprivation
Authors: Sobolevskaya I. S. , Krasnobaeva M. I. , Myadelets O. D.
Published: December 2021

Background. It has now been established that any change in the synchronized work of the circadian clock leads to a disruption of the body's regulatory systems, which consists in the development of metabolic disorders and tissue damage. Objective: to study the dynamics of the expression of the MT1 melatonin receptor in the skin of white male rats under light deprivation. Methods. In this work, using immunohistochemistry, the features of the expression of receptors for melatonin (MT1) were studied. The experiments were performed on outbred male rats weighing 170-220 g, which were divided into 2 groups; intact - animals kept under standard fixed lighting conditions (12 h light / 12 h dark); Group 2 - animals with simulated light deprivation in conditions of round-the-clock darkness (24 hours of darkness). Results. A strong circadian dependence of the expression of MT1 melatonin receptors in the general integument was established. In the cells of the epidermis and sebaceous glands, by the 14th day, MT1 expression significantly decreased, which then sharply increased by the 21st day. In the keratinocytes of the epidermis, a wavelike character of changes in indicators is noted throughout the study: an increase (7th day) - a decrease (14th day) - a sharp increase (21st day). Conclusion. Initially, light deprivation leads to a decrease in the number of immunopositive cells, and then their level increases compensatory, which is one of the manifestations of the body's adaptation mechanisms to chronodestruction.
The feasibility of using immunocytochemical research in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid tumors
Authors: Zalyubovska O. I. , Hladkykh N. O.
Published: December 2021

Background. Thyroid cancer has long been an urgent problem of health care in Ukraine and requires both improved timely detection of the disease and increased coverage by special treatment of this category of patients to improve its results. Objective. Investigate the complex of immunocytochemical and ultrasound characteristics of thyroid tumors to improve diagnostic algorithms in the preanalytical stage. Methods. During the the research work the results of diagnostics of 60 patients with thyroid neoplasms aged 21 to 83 years who underwent fine-needle aspiration. Patients were divided into three groups according to the Bethesda System (BSRTC) classification category. The 1st group included 18 patients of category II BSRTC (Benign. Group 2 included 20 patients with category V BSRTC (Suspicious for Malignancy – SFM). And other 22 patients with category VI BSRTC (malignant tumor) formed the 3rd group). Patients of all groups underwent questionnaires, ultrasound examination with FNA, cytological and immunocytochemical examination. Results. There is no clear link between E-cadherin expression and neoplasia. Negative expression occurred in 36.4% of cases of metastatic lesions. This partially satisfies the requirements of timely preoperative diagnosis. That is why E-cadherin cannot be used as a separate marker. The expression of cytokeratin-19 with different degrees of intensity of cytoplasmic staining of tumor cells was determined in all studied neoplasms of V and VI category on the BSRTC scale. Strong expression of cytokeratin-19 was observed in 40.0% of cases with BSRTC-5 and 45.4% with BSRTC-6, moderate - in 50.0% and 36.4% of cases, respectively, weak - in 10.0% and 18.2%, without significant differences between groups (p> 0.05). At the same time, in the benign process in 55.6% of cases there was no reaction of cytokeratin-19, and in 44.4% - weak expression (p <0.001 in comparison with the 2nd and 3rd groups). Conclusion. Benign thyroid disease (category II BSRTC) is likely to be associated with younger patients (46.6 ± 3.7 years), low serum REA (less than 0.95 ng / ml), poor thyroglobulin expression (77.8 %), negative reaction with TTF-1 (100%) and cytokeratin-19 (55.6%). Differential-prognostic markers of thyroid cancer with risk of malignancy (V category BSRTC) include elevated serum REA (0.95 ng / ml and above), the presence of a moderate reaction with antibodies to thyroglobulin (80.0%), a positive reaction - to TTF-1 (100.0%) and E-cadherin (90.0%), with moderate or strong expression of cytokeratin-19 (90.0%).
Anatomic variability of the nerves of the triceps surae in early human fetuses
Authors: Komar T.V
Published: December 2021

Background. Establishing fetal anatomical variability of intramuscular nerves and their connections plays an important role in the search for and development of new methods for the diagnostic and treatment posterior region of the leg. Objective – to find out the topographic and anatomical features of the innervation of the triceps surae in human fetuses 4-6 months. Methods. The study was performed on 46 human fetuses 81.0-230.0 mm crown-rump length (CRL) length using macromicroscopic preparation, vascular injection, and morphometry. Results. In early human fetuses, the anatomical variability of the distribution of intramuscular nerves in the thickness of the triceps surae was established, which is due to the variability of the structure and topography of the tibial nerve, structural and functional organization of triceps surae, arterial branching and interneural connections in the thickness of the heads of the gastrocnemius and soleus in fetuses of different and the same age groups, and sometimes in the same fetus. Conclusion. The main source of innervation of the triceps surae is the tibial nerve, which can be presented by a single trunk, main and additional trunks, or several independent trunks. The nerves in the thickness of the triceps are unevenly distributed. The highest concentration of muscular branches of the tibial nerve is determined in the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the medial part of the soleus. Information on fetal topography of intramuscular nerves in the thickness of the right and left triceps surae, as well as forms of their anatomical variability, both in fetuses of different and the same age and sometimes in the same fetus, due to structural-functional organization of the components of the triceps surae, the type of branching of arteries and nerves in the thickness of the heads of the gastrocnemius and soleus. Atypical variants of the topography of the tibial nerve and common fibular nerve in early fetuses, as well as interneural connections in the thickness of the components of the triceps surae, are more common on the right lower leg.
Morphological features of invasion of tumor cells of invasive ductal breast cancer
Authors: Naleskina L.A. , Zadvornyi T.V. , Kunska L.M. , Lukianova N.Y.
Published: December 2021

Background. Nowadays, it has been proven that along with the invasion of individual tumor cells, their group migration occurs in the invasive front of the tumor, and this is an important factor in tumor progression. Objective: to determine the features of tumor cell invasion in the invasive front (IF) of invasive ductal breast cancer (BCa) without special specific features (IC NST) and to establish associative links between them and the clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease. Methods. The study was performed on BCa samples (after hematoxylin and eosin stained) from 120 patients with invasive ductal BCa I-II stage with G2 grade of tumor differentiation that didn’t receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results. Tumors were divided into 3 groups: with predominance of parenchymal component (PC), with the larger component of connective tissue, and relatively equivalent ratio of these components. Within the IF of the studied tumors of patients with ІІ stage of the tumor process, group invasion of tumor structures was mainly determined, both separately and in combination. In particular, an increase in solid structures in tumors with a predominance of the PC, and in neoplasms with expressed desmoplastic changes in connective tissue and their advantage, - alveolar, tubular, discrete. Conclusion. In tumors of patients with invasive ductal BCa in the invasive front is dominated by collective migration of tumor cells, which is the starting mechanism of tumor progression and the first step of the metastatic process. Defined associative links between the features of tumor cell invasion and the clinical and pathological characteristics of the tumor process in BCa patients can be used in predicting this form of cancer.
Analysis of lethal cases of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus according to the data of pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital for the first half of 2021
Authors: Sakal G.O. , Borzenkova I.V. , Tkachenko P.V. , Kolesnikova N.D. , Nikandrova N.V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Given the great medical, social and economic significance of clinical research, pathogenesis and epidemiology of coronavirus infection, it is important to study the epidemiological and pathomorphological features of this infection in Ukraine, especially in fatal cases of this disease. Objective: to analyze the lethal cases of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with lethal cases of pneumonia of other etiologies according to the pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital for the first half of 2021. Methods. The material of this study was the observation of an autopsy from the archival material the pathology department of Kharkiv Regional Clinical Hospital. The study of autopsy protocols took into account the seasonality of the disease, sex and age of the deceased, the number of bed-days, data of clinical diagnosis and coincidences of pathological diagnosis, as well as the ICD code. 256 protocols of pathological examinations for the first half of 2021 were studied. Results. Of the 256 deaths from pneumonia of various etiologies, 201 (78.52%) were caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The highest number of deaths from pneumonia was registered in March, April and May 2021. The number of deaths of patients aged 18-44 years was 4.3% of the total, 45-59 years – 13.28%, 60-74 years – 47.27%, 75-90 years – 35.16%. The study sample among patients died of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 was dominated by women (57.42%, 147 cases), the number of men was 42.58% (109 cases). The direct causes of death were pulmonary-heart failure, multiple organ failure, acute pulmonary insufficiency, chronic pulmonary insufficiency, and pulmonary embolism. Conclusion. The obtained data can be useful for the analysis of regional features of epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease in eastern Ukraine.
Features of angioarchitectonics and structure of the aortic wall of white rats in the early stages of experimental diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tsytovskyi M.N. , Logash M.V. , Savka I.I. , Dmytriv G.M.
Published: December 2021

Background. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, as well as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease (probably caused by atherosclerosis), are the leading cause of disability and mortality in people with diabetes. Objective. The purpose of our study was to determine the histostructural features and morphometric analysis of the components of the aortic wall and its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 2 and 4 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Methods. The samples for the histology were the sections of the wall of the ascending part, the aortic arch, and the descending part of the aorta of 26 mature white male rats weighing 100 - 160 g. For morphometric examination, a series of images of the aortic wall was taken using a Meiji MT4300 LED microscope with an x40 objective, x10 eyepiece. Results and conclusion. The measurements were carried out using the ImageJ software. The development of micro- and macroangiopathies in experimental animals with 8-week streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was histologically proved. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference of all morphometric parameters of both - the components of the aortic wall and the vessels of its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 4 weeks of experimental diabetes in comparison with the norm, control, and the 2-nd week of the experiment. An explicit dependency of the severity of destructive changes in the wall of the aorta and links of its hemomicrocirculatory bed of vessels on the duration of the experiment was determined.
The experience of organizing the educational process at the Department of Human Anatomy of the Dnieper State Medical University in terms of distance learning
Authors: Dovhal G.V. , Zharikov M.Yu. , Dovhal M.A.
Published: December 2021

This article presents a model of classes and assessment on the subject of human anatomy and a comparative analysis of performance in full-time and distance education and assessment on the example of students studying at the Department of Human Anatomy DSMU, specialty "Medicine". The main principles and advantages of this model are: 1) the complexity of teaching material and assessment, which covers all teaching aids and types of control, as well as standardization of teaching material; 2) absolute equality and impartiality of control through the use of standardized questions in the use of computer testing, as well as the use of clear transparent evaluation criteria; 3) round-the-clock availability of content for self-preparation and self-examination, as well as information on student performance; 4) the possibility of equivalent use of the model in both full-time and distance learning. Thus, the described model corresponds to the modern principles of higher education and can be offered for introduction in the divisions of higher educational institutions, both in full-time and distance learning.
Teratogenic effect of alcohol on the myocardium of laboratory animals at the stages of prenatal ontogenesis (literature review)
Authors: Cherkas O.A.
Published: December 2021

Background. To date, close attention is paid to the problems of formation and development of the myocardium in general and in particular its structural components. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in cardiovascular malformations in both adults and infants. These defects can be caused by genetic factors, as well as various teratogenic substances. One such substance is alcohol. Despite the risks, many women still drink alcohol during pregnancy. The main problem is that almost half of pregnancies are unplanned, so a woman may continue to consume alcohol for several weeks before learning about her condition. Especially in young women, fertilization can occur in a state of intoxication. In addition, under the influence of ethanol, cardiac function may be impaired in the absence of structural abnormalities. Chronic alcohol intoxication causes changes in the myocardium at all levels of its structural organization. First of all, teratogenic changes caused by the action of ethanol affect the development of cardiomyocytes in the process of embryogenesis, which contributes to the underdevelopment of the structure or function of heart cells. Although the effect of maternal alcohol consumption on the fetus has been studied for decades, there are still conflicting conclusions about the severity of myocardial morphological changes depending on the time, frequency and duration of alcohol consumption. Objective: to conduct a retrospective analysis of literature sources devoted to the study of adverse effects on the fetus caused by alcohol. Methods. The paper conducted a retrospective analysis of literature references and formed an understanding of the changes in the structure of the myocardium caused by teratogenic effects of alcohol. Results and conclusion. Analysis of literature sources showed a high level of adverse effects observed in offspring born to alcoholic mothers. Detrimental effects of alcohol cause changes in the myocardium at all levels of structural organization, including its ultrastructure. It was studied that prenatal exposure to ethanol induces significant changes in relative heart weight, left ventricular wall thickness and cardiomyocyte size. Exposure to high concentrations of alcohol in experimental animals during gestation can lead to congenital heart defects, such as atrial, ventricular, and septal defects. The main manifestation of the prenatal effect of alcohol after birth is the fetal alcohol syndrome, which combines various degrees of deviation in the development of the child.
Neural crest cells and their potential therapeutic applications
Authors: Shevchenko K.M.
Published: December 2021

Neural crest (NC) is a population of cells, formed at the intersection between non-neural ectoderm and neural tube. Neural crest progenitors are multipotent, have capacity to extensive migration and self-renewal. They can be differentiated into various cells types from craniofacial skeletal tissues to components of peripheral nervous system. Influence of signaling molecules and transcription factors, which are expressed at the different stages regulate development of NC. The regulatory network of genes determines the processes of induction, specification, migration and differentiation of neural crest cells (NCC). The purpose of this article is to compare the characteristics of NCC, obtained from tissues of the embryo, fetus and adult; experimental strategies for obtaining NCC from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, skin fibroblasts; comparison of the potential of different cell types for therapeutic use in a clinical setting. Embryonic stem NCC are differentiated to the trunk, cranial, cardiac, circumpharyngeal and vagal according to the area of their initial migration. Mature stem NCC can be obtained from the dorsal root ganglia, red bone marrow, hair follicle, skin, intestines, carotid body, heart, cornea, iris, dental pulp, hard palate and oral mucosa. Genetic mutations may lead to failure of regulation of NC development, which leads to many congenital human diseases such as cardiovascular defects, craniofacial abnormalities and intestinal aganglionosis, collectively known as neurocristopathies. The identification and isolation of multipotent stem NCC derived from adult tissues, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells are promising source for regenerative medicine.
Comparative characteristics of changes in subchondral bone of rats after antenatal glucocorticoid administration and modeling of osteoporosis
Authors: Hryhorieva O.A. , Bohdanov P.V. , Matvieishyna T.M. , Skakovskiy E.R.
Published: December 2021

Background. Osteoporosis is a progressive systemic bone disease that results in decreased bone mineral density and, as a result, increases the risk of bone fractures. Changes that occur in the subchondral bone in osteoporosis or because of hormones can cause degenerative changes in the articular cartilage that underlie osteoarthritis. Objective. The aim of the study was to identify and compare morphological changes that occur in the subchondral bone in experimental simulations of osteoporosis and in adult rats that were born from females that were exposed to glucocorticoid solution administration in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Methods. Tibias of 26 white mature laboratory rats were studied. In serial sections, the relative areas occupied by bone trabeculae and lacunae were calculated. Results. The relative area involving the bone trabeculae (23,2 ± 3,70%) statistically significantly decreased at 21 day in the group of animals that undergone a simulation of osteoporosis in comparison with the control group. Similar changes are observed in the group of experimental animals that were born from females that were exposed to glucocorticoid solution administration in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the study demonstrate the similarity of morphological changes occurring in the subchondral bone in rats that undergone a simulation of osteoporosis and rats that were born from females that were exposed to glucocorticoid solution administration in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
Possibilities of rehabilitation treatment of children with lymphoblastic leukemia (literary review)
Authors: Lukashchuk S.V. , Lemko O.I.
Published: December 2021

According to nowaday protocols of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, the percentage of recovering patients has increased significantly. This determines the necessity for comlex long-term rehabilitation, as chemotherapeutic drugs are highly toxic and contribute to the development of comorbid diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous and musculosceletal systems. The purpose of the study was to review and analyze data from foreign and domestic literature concerning possibilities for rehabilitative treatment of children with ALL and to reveal informative methods assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation. Important elements of rehabilitation goals and assessment of its the effectiveness are the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health of Children and Adolescents, and the Quality of Childrens’ Life. Rehabilitation begins at the hospital and includes psychological support for the child with the involvement of psychotherapists and family, as well as the performance of certain physical exercises lasting for 15-30 minutes, which are selected individually, taking into account the functional capabilities and motivation of the child. After the acute period, physical activity is carried out in accordance with an individual plan, which takes into account the peculiarities of the disease and includes active video games, cycling and other activities. Rehabilitation treatment on the basis of sanatorium-resort institutions with the participation of a multidisciplinary team is actual. Such treatment, in addition to physical exercises, includes the use of natural and preformed physical factors in order to influence the manifestations of comorbid pathology, and also contributes to an increase of the social activity and independence of the child. However, the number of such studies is limited, which determines the necessity to develop clear practical recommendations regarding methods of exposure, their duration and intensity.
Analysis of the dynamics of clinical indicators in patients with allergic rhinitis with sensitization to pollen and household allergens using combined allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Biletska S.V. , Dytyatkovska E.M. , Nikolaychuk M.A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) with combined sensitization to pollen and household allergens. To achieve this goal, 49 patients with AR of working age were examined – 35.5±1.5 years with clinical manifestations of seasonal rhinoconjunctival syndrome with a long period of 9.2±1.1 years, among which there were 25 (51.0%) males and 24 (49%) females. All patients were divided into 2 homogeneous groups by age, sex, duration of the disease, the average number of etiologically significant allergens: the main one – 31 patients who received combined ASIT with solutions of pollen and household allergens and a comparison group – 18 patients for whom only pollen allergens were used. Allergological examination included anamnesis, skin tests with pollen allergens (wormwood, ragweed, quinoa, corn, etc.) and household (house dust, mites, epidermal agents) and / or molecular research methods using the ALEX technology. The quantitative integral assessment of the intensity of AR clinical symptoms was calculated as a total score for the main symptoms. The maximum score for the severity of nasal symptoms – 12, eye - 6, total – 18. The results obtained and their analysis indicate that under the influence of ASIT pollen and household allergens in patients there is a significant and reliable decrease in the intensity of clinical manifestations of seasonal rhinoconjunctive syndrome: nasal manifestations – by 52,2%, conjunctival – by 60%, integral – by 54.3% and an increase of 2.2 times in the percentage of patients in the main group with the disappearance or minimization of clinical symptoms of the disease after treatment compared with patients from the comparison group, which convincingly proves and confirms high efficiency of the selected type of therapy in patients with AR in combination with sensitization to pollen and household allergens.
Socio-economic substantiation of expediency of seasonal influenza vaccine prophylaxis among medical workers
Authors:  Kyi-Kokarieva V.G. , Kriachkova L.V. , Padalkо L.I.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the socio-economic effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine prophylaxis among health professionals based on the analysis of the morbidity with temporal disability (MTD) and the financial benefits of this preventive measure. The study included the collection and analysis of information on MTD and direct and indirect costs of influenza treatment compared to vaccine prophylaxis in “Dnipropetrovsk Regional Perinatal Center with Hospital” Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council” (ME “DRPC with Hospital” DRC”) during 2017-2020 (3 epidemic seasons). To assess the consequences of vaccine prophylaxis, the analysis of MTD indicators was performed, and the index and coefficient of anti-epidemic effectiveness were used. The economic effect was determined on the basis of the cost-benefit method using the analysis algorithm in the form of a “decision tree”. The information base for the analysis was the accounting and reporting and financial and economic documentation of the health care institution (HCI). The analysis of influenza MTD during the observation period revealed that all studied morbidity rates (number of cases per 100 employees; number of days per 100 employees; average case duration) were statistically significantly lower in vaccinated compared to unvaccinated (p<0.001). Precautionary number of cases of MTD for influenza in the last year of observation (2019-2020) was 11.07 (95% CI 6.68-15.46) per 100 employees; days – 96.23 (95% CI 81.86-110.60) per 100 employees. The index of anti-epidemic efficiency during the study increased by 2.37 (95% CI 1.95-2.79), the coefficient of anti-epidemic effectiveness – by 15.16% (95% CI 11.17-18.01). The economic efficiency of vaccination of 69.44% of employees for one epidemic season (2019-2020) amounted to a total of UAH 248,976 or UAH 494 (56%) benefits per employee. The study proved the high medical, social and economic effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis in HCI. Medical efficiency consists in a significant reduction in the morbidity with temporary disability, high levels and a tendency to increase the indicators of anti-epidemic efficiency. The economic effect is defined as the available monetary benefit from the vaccine prophylaxis. The resulting savings are the basis for optimizing the use of resources of the medical institution, including labor.
Peculiarities of changes of psychophysiological functions, state of human adaptive capacity and stress resistance of students of higher medical institutions
Authors:  Kalashchenko S.I.
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to assessing the psychophysiological adaptive capabilities of students of higher medical institutions. There was conducted a screening study on the basis of which a correlation analysis of a group of 42 students was performed. The main inclusion criterion was good physical activity. Exclusion criteria - the presence of chronic diseases, acute respiratory viral infections at the time of examination, taking antidepressants or psychoactive substances. The study was aimed to identify the peculiarities of changes in psychophysiological functions and the state of adaptive capacity of students of higher medical institutions being in stressful conditions. The following methods from the software and hardware complex "Psycholot-1" were used for the study: "Functional mobility of nervous processes according to Khilchenko" and "Memory." The survey was conducted under micro-stress, it means all tasks had to be completed in a limited period. Statistical analysis of the data was performed to establish correlations between psychophysiological indicators of short-term memory and functional mobility of nervous processes  (Spearman's rank correlation index). It was found that the faster the stimulus appears in conditions of time deficit, the lower the mobility of nervous processes in the student, which is directly reflected in the indicators in increasing the minimum exposure time of the figure on the screen (0.27±0.007 s). In addition, a relationship was found between the rate of reaction of the left hand to a stimulus and the amount of information that a person can store in short-term memory. The information obtained will help to determine the initial data of the adaptive capacity of a potentially healthy contingent of people and predict their success in further professional activities in the sphere of medicine.
Antioxidant status, nutrition facts, and sensory of spinach extract fortified wet
noodles
Authors: Susanti S. , Dwiloka B. , Bintoro V.P. , Hintono A. , Nurwantoro N. , Setiani B.E.
Published: December 2021

Healthy food has been a lifestyle trend in modern society since the last decades. Vegetable
noodles as an alternative healthy food are often consumers’ choices considering that
noodles are a favourite food today. This study aims to get more insight into the effect of
spinach extract (SE) fortification on noodle dough toward antioxidant status, nutrition
facts, and the sensory of wet spinach noodles (WSN) produced. The dough of wet noodle
samples was treated by 4 different concentrations of SE fortification of 0, 0.4, 4.0, and 40
mg/mL in which for each treatment was quintuple. Results showed SE fortification had a
significant effect on antioxidant status, some nutrient composition (protein, sugar,
cholesterol, energy amount, iron, magnesium, and vitamin C), and sensory characteristics
of the wet noodle. WSN with rich in antioxidants, low calories, and favoured by panellists
was obtained at the optimum concentration of 4 mg/mL. Thus, SE was potential as food
fortificant for developing WSN as a promising functional food product in the future.
The Effect of Breastfeeding Management Training on the Understanding of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Third Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Rahmawati Lovy Fiara Zuninda , Naimah Naimah , Tarsikah Tarsikah
Published: December 2021

Exclusive breast milk is the main food for infants aged 0-6 months. Malang City is one of the cities in East Java which still has less than optimal coverage of exclusive breastfeeding than the set target. One of the factors that cause mothers not to give exclusive breastfeeding is because the working mother. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of breastfeeding management training on understanding of exclusive breastfeeding in third trimester pregnant women. The design of the study used a quasi-experimental using one group pre-test â€“ post-test design. The sample was third trimester pregnant women who work and get health services in Pandanwangi Public Health Center Malang which met the inclusion criteria of 35 people by total sampling technique. Breastfeeding Management Training was conducted in three meetings. Most of the pretest results (60%) were in the sufficient category, and almost all of the posttest results (97%) were good. The results of hypothesis testing with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the Z value obtained -5.166 with a p value (Asymp. Sig 2 tailed) of 0.000 (<0.05), proving that there was an effect of breastfeeding management training on understanding of exclusive breastfeeding in third trimester pregnant women at Pandanwangi Public Health Center, Malang City.
Control Blood Sugar Levels by Brisk Walking Method
Authors: Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni , Junaidin Junaidin , Kasim Jamila , Hamundu Noviyati , Darmawan Sri
Published: December 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, and specific treatments are needed in order to control blood glucose. In addition to pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacology therapy also takes an important role to control blood glucose levels and should be done regularly. Brisk walking is one example of physical activity which included in non-pharmacology therapy and can improve body expenditure. This activity can help DM patient to control their blood glucose level within the normal range. The physical activity of Brisk Walking, which is one type of exercise that can maintain blood sugar levels within the normal range, especially in people with Diabetes Mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effect of Brisk Walking on the blood glucose level of DM patients at Tamalenrea Health Center Makassar City. This study adopted a quasy experiment and a one-group pre-post test design. A total of 16 respondents were selected purposively based on the determined criteria. Data analysis of the difference of blood sugar level between the treatment and control was carried out by using the Spearman correlation test with SPSS version of 21. The difference was significant with the value of p < 0.05. The results showed that the physical activity of Brisk Walking could control blood sugar levels. Statistical analysis showed that the average blood sugar content was significantly lower in patients practicing Brisk Walking (blood sugar level <200 mg/dl)(176.06%) than the control (blood sugar level > 200 mg/dl) (218.81%). So it can be concluded that by doing physical activity Brisk Walking can control blood glucose levels.
The Effect of Health Education to The Active Presence of Mother to Take Their Toddlers to Posyandu
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Monica Laily Prima
Published: December 2021

The decrease of the active presence of toddlers at the posyandu has become a problem for health workers in monitoring the health and development of infants and toddlers in their working areas. This is due to several reasons, one of which is from the mothers who are lazy and do not know what is the benefits they will get when they are taken to the posyandu. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education to the active presence of mothers to take their toddlers to posyandu. Methods: This study used a "Pre-Experimental" design. The sample was 30 respondents taken by using purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was health education and the dependent variable was active presence of mother to take their toddler to posyandu. The instrument used health education materials and observations on the respondent's attendance book in the last 8 months. Result: the sattistical Wilcoxon rankTest showed p value = 0.05. This meant that health education affected the active presence of mothers in bringing their toddlers to join the posyandu at Polindes Semen, Gandusari District. Based on the result, it is expected to all mothers to be active in joining Posyandu so that they can get education on how to stimulate and check their children's growth and development. For health workers, the results of this study can be used as an input so that they can improve the provision of counseling during posyandu activities and the target of achieving the presence of infants and toddlers in the areas can be achieved.