bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Extended Aodv Using Different Scenarios
Authors: Shrivastava Rajesh , Saluja Rashween Kaur
Published: December 2020

The mobile Ad Hoc networks have become a major component of the future network development due to their ease of deployment, self configurability; flexibility and
independence on any existing network infrastructure Mobile ad-hoc network have the attributes such as wireless connection, continuously changing topology, distributed
operation and ease of deployment. Routing protocol election in MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network) is a great challenge, because of its frequent topology changes and routing
overhead. In mobile ad hoc network research, simulation plays an important role in determining the network characteristics and measuring performance. For this reason,
constructing simulation models closer to the real circumstances is very significant. For widening the coverage area of the MANET there is a growing need to integrate these ad hoc networks to the Internet. For this purpose we need gateways which act as bridges between these two different protocol architectures. The gateway discovery in
hybrid network is considered as a critical and challenging task. In this paper the AODV reactive routing protocol is extended to support the communication between the MANET and the Internet. We have carried out a systematic simulation based performance evaluation of the different gateway discovery approaches using NS2 under different network scenarios. The performance differentials are analyzed on the
basis of three metrics – packet delivery fraction, average end to-end delay and normalized routing load.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA BASE CURRICULAR: DISPUTAS E PROJETOS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: VIANNA R. B.
Published: December 2020

O presente texto é fruto de reflexões realizadas durante minha fala no VII Seminário Educação em foco, promovido pelo Sindicato dos Professores de Santa Maria (Sinprosm) no mês de agosto de 2019. Um momento muito oportuno tanto pra mim como para os professores e professoras da rede municipal daquela cidade, tendo em consideração o processo iniciado de implantação e implementação de um novo currículo e construção de projetos políticos pedagógicos das escolas do Ensino Fundamental.
TEMAS INTEGRADORES NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DE UMA ESCOLA DO CAMPO DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE SANTA MARIA
Authors: BRAZ J. C.
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi flexibilizar o planejamento da escola a partir de Temas Integradores que perpassam o currículo criando novas possibilidades de diálogos e reflexão sobre as diversidades culturais presentes no Campo, auxiliando numa aprendizagem significativa.
MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI METODE RESITASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SWASTA RAUDHATUL MUJAWWIDIN KECAMATAN RIMBO BUJANG KABUPATEN TEBO
Authors: Mulyati Mulyati , Novita Mona
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya minat belajar siswa kelas IV MIS Raudhatul Mujawwidin pada mata pelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas IV MIS Raudhatul Mujawwidin pada mata pelajaran IPA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model Kemmis dan Taggart. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode resitasi dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA di kelas IV MIS Raudhatul Mujawwidin. Minat belajar siswa telah memenuhi indikator keberhasilan penelitian yaitu 75% pada masing-masing indikator minat belajar. Persentase minat belajar siswa pada pra siklus adalah 47,17%. Pada siklus I sebesar 62,20%, dan pada siklus II mencapai 79,24%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, maka penerapan metode resitasi pada mata pelajaran IPA dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas IV MIS Raudhatul Mujawwidin. Peningkatan minat belajar yang cukup signifikan terlihat pada indikator perasaan senang siswa terhadap pembelajaran, yaitu 59,67% pada pra siklus, 68,93% pada siklus I, dan 83,28% pada siklus II.

Kata Kunci: Metode Resitasi, Minat Belajar, Mata Pelajaran IPA.
Dependence of predictability of precipitation in the northwestern Mediterranean coastal region on the strength of synoptic control
Authors: Keil Christian , Chabert Lucie , Nuissier Olivier , Raynaud Laure
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The weather-regime-dependent predictability of precipitation in the convection-permitting kilometric-scale AROME-EPS is examined for the entire HyMeX-SOP1 employing the convective adjustment timescale. This diagnostic quantifies variations in synoptic forcing on precipitation and is associated with different precipitation characteristics, forecast skill and predictability.
During strong synoptic control, which dominates the weather on 80 % of the days in the 2-month period, the domain-integrated precipitation predictability assessed with the normalized ensemble standard deviation is above average, the wet bias is smaller and the forecast quality is generally better. In contrast, the pure spatial forecast quality of the most intense precipitation in the afternoon, as quantified with its 95th percentile, is superior during weakly forced synoptic regimes.
The study also considers a prominent heavy-precipitation event that occurred during the NAWDEX field campaign in the same region, and the predictability during this event is compared with the events that occurred during HyMeX.
It is shown that the unconditional evaluation of precipitation widely parallels the strongly forced weather type evaluation and obscures forecast model characteristics typical for weak control.
A bottom-up quantification of foliar mercury uptake fluxes across Europe
Authors: Wohlgemuth Lena , Osterwalder Stefan , Joseph Carl , Kahmen Ansgar , Hoch Günter , Alewell Christine , Jiskra Martin
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The exchange of gaseous elemental mercury, Hg(0), between the
atmosphere and terrestrial surfaces remains poorly understood mainly due to
difficulties in measuring net Hg(0) fluxes on the ecosystem scale. Emerging
evidence suggests foliar uptake of atmospheric Hg(0) to be a major
deposition pathway to terrestrial surfaces. Here, we present a bottom-up
approach to calculate Hg(0) uptake fluxes to aboveground foliage by
combining foliar Hg uptake rates normalized to leaf area with
species-specific leaf area indices. This bottom-up approach incorporates
systematic variations in crown height and needle age. We analyzed Hg content
in 583 foliage samples from six tree species at 10 European forested
research sites along a latitudinal gradient from Switzerland to northern
Finland over the course of the 2018 growing season. Foliar Hg concentrations
increased over time in all six tree species at all sites. We found that
foliar Hg uptake rates normalized to leaf area were highest at the top of
the tree crown. Foliar Hg uptake rates decreased with needle age of
multiyear-old conifers (spruce and pine). Average species-specific foliar
Hg uptake fluxes during the 2018 growing season were 18 ± 3 µg Hg m−2 for beech, 26 ± 5 µg Hg m−2 for oak, 4 ± 1 µg Hg m−2 for pine and 11 ± 1 µg Hg m−2 for
spruce. For comparison, the average Hg(II) wet deposition flux measured at 5 of the 10 research sites during the same period was 2.3 ± 0.3 µg Hg m−2, which was 4 times lower than the site-averaged foliar
uptake flux of 10 ± 3 µg Hg m−2. Scaling up site-specific
foliar uptake rates to the forested area of Europe resulted in a total
foliar Hg uptake flux of approximately 20 ± 3 Mg during the 2018
growing season. Considering that the same flux applies to the global land
area of temperate forests, we estimate a foliar Hg uptake flux of 108 ± 18 Mg. Our data indicate that foliar Hg uptake is a major deposition
pathway to terrestrial surfaces in Europe. The bottom-up approach provides a
promising method to quantify foliar Hg uptake fluxes on an ecosystem scale.
MSDM: a machine learning model for precipitation nowcasting over
east China using multi-source data
Authors: Li Dawei , Liu Yudi , Chen Chaohui
Published: December 2020

Abstract. East China is one of the most economically developed and most densely populated areas in the world. Due to its special geographical location and climate, East China is affected by different weather systems like monsoon, shear line, typhoon and extratropical cyclone, in the imminent future the rainfall rate affected by which is difficult to precisely predict. Traditional physics-based methods like Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) tend to perform poorly for the nowcasting problem due to its spinup issue. Meanwhile, various meteorological stations are distributed here, generating a large amount of observation data every day, which has a great potential to be applied to data-driven methods. Thus, it is important to train a data-driven model from scratch that suitable to the specific weather situation of East China. We collect three kinds of data (radar, satellite, precipitation) in flood season from 2017 to 2018 of this area and preprocess them into ndarray (256 × 256) that cover East China with a domain of 12.8 × 12.8°.The Multi-Source Data Model (MSDM) which we developed combines the Optical flow, Random forest and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). It treats the precipitation nowcasting task as an image-to-image problem, which takes radar and satellite data with a interval of 30 minutes as inputs and predicts radar echo intensity at a lead time of 30 minutes. To reduce the smoothing caused by convolution, we use Optical flow to predict satellite data in the following 120 minutes. The predicted radar echo from MSDM together with satellite data from Optical flow are recursively implemented in MSDM to achieve 120 minutes lead time. The predictions from MSDM are comparable to those of other baseline models with a high temporal resolution of 6 minutes. To solve the blurry image problems, we applied a modified SSIM as a loss function. Furthermore, we use Random forest with predicted radar and satellite data to estimate the rainfall rate, the results outperform those of the traditional Z-R relationship. The experiments confirm that machine learning with multi-source data provides more reasonable predictions and reveals a better non-linear relationship between radar echo and precipitation rate. Besides the algorithms will be developed, exploiting the potential of multi-source data will bring more improvements.
La soberanía del bien sobre la belleza: filosofía, literatura y arte en Iris Murdoch
Authors: Baltar Ernesto
Published: December 2020

En este artículo analizamos la relación entre filosofía, literatura y arte en la obra de Iris Murdoch, prestando especial atención a la función de la filosofía en su obra narrativa, las diferencias y semejanzas entre literatura y filosofía según sus propios planteamientos teóricos, así como sus reflexiones estéticas sobre la naturaleza de la literatura y el arte en relación con la idea de Bien, central en su visión platónica de la ética y de la realidad. Su doble condición de novelista y filósofa conforma un punto de vista privilegiado para este tipo de reflexiones en que tanto filosofía y literatura como ética y estética se dan la mano.
Arte Político después del Giro Comunicativo
Authors: Fisher Tony
Published: December 2020

Escribiendo en respuesta al ensayo de Sartre sobre literatura comprometida, Adorno proclamó: “No es el momento para obras de arte políticas; más bien, la política ha migrado a la obra de arte autónoma, y ha penetrado más profundamente en obras que se presentan a sí mismas como políticamente muertas”. Hoy, los teóricos del “giro social” en el arte han rechazado completamente a Adorno, adoptando en cambio un nuevo tipo de compromiso en el arte. En este ensayo, revisito esta larga disputa sobre la “eficacia” social del arte en sus formas clásicas y contemporáneas. Al preguntarme cómo debemos entender la labor política del arte en nuestros días, examino dos teorías del efecto, basadas en un análisis del “giro comunicativo” de Habermas: una que alego que conduce a una reducción sociológica de lo político en el arte; y otra que sugiero que ofrece una base para entender la eficacia política del arte, comprendida en términos de lo que yo llamo una teoría del efecto político “perlocutiva” o “aleatoria”.
De la precariedad a la intemperie, el refugio como ficción
Authors: Miquel Bartual Mijo
Published: December 2020

En este artículo, abordamos la progresiva precarización e incertidumbre tanto conceptual como material en la que nos encontramos, analizando el movimiento reflejo por el que buscamos refugio, intentando generar seguridad en lo que solo puede aportar sacrificio. Con la irrupción de la crisis sanitaria, los parámetros biopolíticos y las prioridades políticas han evidenciado que este movimiento no puede ser más que de retroceso si no parte de la aceptación previa de nuestro destino común en el planeta. Proponemos una modificación del concepto de progreso que pueda albergar otros futuros posibles, subvirtiendo el significado que la modernidad le había otorgado y abriéndolo a la posibilidad de un progreso hacia el fin.
Un milagro eucarístico entre Galicia y Portugal: fuentes y contextos de la Cantiga de Santa María 104
Authors: Negri Manuel
Published: December 2020

Las Cantigas de Santa María, escritas en la segunda mitad del siglo XIII por Alfonso X y sus colaboradores, recogen algunos milagros que presentan un tema de gran actualidad en su momento: el eucarístico. En ellos, hombres y mujeres experimentan la transformación en carne y sangre de las hostias consagradas, realizándose así a nivel exterior los principios del dogma de la transubstanciación. Después de un censo de estas Cantigas, todas problemáticas en lo que tiene que ver con la determinación de sus fuentes, se presenta el caso de la Cantiga de Santa María 104, para la cual Jaime Ferreiro Alemparte y José Filgueira Valverde pensaron en un modelo escrito perteneciente a la obra del alemán Cesario de Heisterbach y en un canal de transmisión gallego, si se tiene en cuenta la ubicación del relato: Caldas de Reis. A través de un renovado estudio comparativo entre el texto gallego-portugués y la tradición de referencia, se llega a una hipótesis alternativa a la de los dos anteriores especialistas y que establece distintos niveles y áreas de influencia en cada sección del relato mariano a partir de los Opuscula de Pier Damiani y del modelo narrativo del Santíssimo Milagre de Santarém. Finalmente, gracias a esta hipótesis, se van a propor nuevas consideraciones sobre el periodo de entrada del milagro en la corte alfonsina y las motivaciones políticas y doctrinales que lo habrían hecho posible
Forma y función del sufijo -bel / -ble (< lat. -BῘLIS) en el gallego posmedieval
Authors: Mariño Paz Ramón
Published: December 2020

Como continuación de dos trabajos anteriores dedicados al estudio de este sufijo en el gallego medieval, en este artículo presento información sobre su forma y su función desde el siglo XVI hasta la actualidad. En cuanto a la forma, muestro que en las fuentes del gallego medio (siglos XVI-XVIII) hay un predominio casi absoluto de las variantes con síncopa de la vocal postónica (-ble, -bre), en tanto que en las del gallego contemporáneo (siglos XIX-XXI), aún predominando estas, se produjo una revitalización de la variante mayoritaria en el gallego medieval (-vel(e), ahora escrita -bel) promovida conscientemente desde el galleguismo cultural y político. En relación con las características funcionales y semánticas de este sufijo, hay que resaltar que, como ya sucedía en la Edad Media, en el gallego medio y en el contemporáneo siguió contendiendo con otros (-deiro, -dor, -tivo...) para expresar la capacidad activa, valor semántico que adopta cuando se añade a bases verbales intransitivas o usadas intransitivamente.
De illis de Mirapixe: Monio Fernandi. O trovador Múnio Fernandes de Mirapeixe e a sua parentela
Authors: Souto Cabo José António
Published: December 2020

La obra revela el único testimonio documental, hasta ahora conocido, en el que aparece explícitamente el nombre de Múnio Fernandes de Mirapeixe, trovador integrado en uno de los estratos más antiguos de la tradición manuscrita de la lírica gallego-portuguesa. Además de permitirnos fijar el nombre del poeta como “Múnio” (y no “Nuno”) y confirmar su inclusión biográfica en las últimas décadas del s. XII y primeras del s. XIII, este registro abrió la puerta para descubrir, al menos en parte, la identidad genealógica de los Mirapeixes, permitiéndonos integrarlos en el contexto familiar de los Monterroso. El análisis de la información relacionada con el ámbito más cercano al poeta ha sido complementado con un numeroso conjunto de datos sobre la estirpe Monterroso, destacando el papel de este linaje en la protección del Camino de Santiago (Hospital de Pena Godom) o favoreciendo la instalación de la Orden de Santiago en el monasterio familiar de Vilar de Donas. En cuanto a la obra poética de Múnio Fernandes, consideramos la posibilidad de que le sea atribuida la canción de amor que aparece, en B, bajo la autoría de Fernão Figueira de Lemos.
El avance de la extrema derecha en América Latina y Europa
Authors: Arroyo Menéndez Millán , Stumpf González Rodrigo
Published: December 2020

El avance de la extrema derecha es un fenómeno global complejo, que se manifiesta en distintas regiones del mundo en distintos grados e intensidades. Un avance inquietante porque se interpreta como un debilitamiento de la democracia y la amenaza de un retroceso de las conquistas sociales alcanzadas durante largo tiempo. Una contestación reaccionaria al concepto de progreso que hasta ayer mismo parecía hegemónico.

Dentro del contexto generalizado de este avance en Europa, América Latina y el mundo, nos topamos con las recientes sorpresas de los casos de Brasil  y España. En Brasil el Partido Social Liberal (PSL), un partido hasta la fecha insignificante, gana las Elecciones Presidenciales en 2018 con un amplio apoyo electoral, con un discurso extremista, anticomunista y ultraconservador, ante la estupefacción de la comunidad internacional y la perplejidad de no pocos brasileños. En España, aún alcanzando muchos menos apoyos bajo las siglas de VOX, de la noche a la mañana y partiendo casi de la nada, consiguen tener presencia en 2019 en todo tipo de órganos de representación política; Congreso de los Diputados, Parlamento Europeo, Comunidades Autónomas, Ayuntamientos... siendo además su presencia necesaria para formar gobiernos. Y todo ello mediante un discurso electoral no menos provocativo que el de Jair Bolsonaro, y ante la incredulidad de muchos españoles. ¿Qué está ocurriendo para que los sufragios traigan estos vuelcos? ¿De dónde salen estos apoyos? ¿Hacia qué nuevos escenarios políticos y sociales nos encaminamos?

El monográfico propuesto pretende dar respuesta a estos grandes interrogantes, desde las diversas perspectivas analíticas, con especial atención a los casos de España y de Brasil, pero sin perder de vista la perspectiva de sus enclaves geopolíticos, es decir, América Latina y la Unión Europea, por entender que estos casos particulares, con sus especificidades, están inmersos en procesos más generales que se están produciendo tanto en Europa como en Latinoamárica como en general en el mundo globalizado.
El avance electoral de la extrema derecha en el siglo XXI y sus efectos en los sistemas de partidos europeos
Authors: Sánchez de Dios Manuel
Published: December 2020

A partir del clásico análisis del formato de los sistemas de partidos, en el artículo se estudia la evolución del apoyo electoral de los partidos de extrema derecha de Europa occidental y sus efectos sobre la fragmentación de cada sistema, así como las consecuencias que la volatilidad electoral tiene sobre el realineamiento de los votantes. También se considera la polarización de los partidos analizado las issues más relevantes en sus programas de acuerdo con los datos del Manifesto Project. Se concluye que no hay una pauta homogénea en el desarrollo de los partidos de extrema derecha europeos en el siglo XXI, si bien se ha incrementado el pluralismo en general y la competición en el eje izquierda/derecha; que en la mayor parte de los casos ha habido un realineamiento del electorado de tipo secular; que en algunos casos hay una elevada fragmentación y polarización sin que esto sea relevante para la gobernabilidad de los países y, por último, que hay una tendencia general de confluencia estratégica de estos partidos en la moderación programática con el objeto de ampliar la base electoral.
Contact Tracing Assessment of COVID 19 Transmissions In Bhopal District
Authors: Toppo Manju , Gour Devendra , Pal DK , Lodha Rama , Nair Akhil , Verma Shipra
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Contact tracing is a central public health response to infectious disease outbreaks, especially in the early stages of an outbreak when specific treatments are limited. Current clinical and epidemiological data are insufficient to understand the full extent of the transmission potential of the COVID pandemic. The main advantages are that it can identify potentially infected individuals before severe symptoms emerge, and if conducted sufficiently quickly can prevent onward transmission from the secondary cases. Hence the study was undertaken.

Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted by the Department of Community Medicine, Bhopal from 9th May to 30th June 2020.

Results: Out of 426 COVID positive patients, 54.93% were asymptomatic and 45.07% symptomatic. Fever was the most common presentation reported by the COVID positive patients. Mean incubation period was 4.68 ±2.63 days. Contact with COVID-19 positive cases was major source of infection identified. Only 9.86% patients had co-morbidity. Out of 10512 contacts traced, 66.65% i.e., 6902 samples were collected. Overall Positivity rate was found to be 4.30%. The positivity of the advanced contact tracing is 2.42%.

Conclusion: Contact tracing is a highly effective and robust strategy if given sufficient resources.
La enseñanza del verbo y la actividad metalingüística de los alumnos. Dos investigaciones en aulas de Secundaria
Authors: Durán Rivas Carme , Rodríguez Gonzalo Carmen
Published: December 2020

La investigación en Didáctica de la lengua persigue entender las relaciones entre la perspectiva de la enseñanza, la perspectiva del aprendizaje y la de los contenidos trabajados en el aula de Lengua. Este artículo pone el foco en el verbo como contenido gramatical a partir de dos investigaciones centradas en la actividad metalingüística de los alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. En la primera, los estudiantes intentan explicar las diferencias entre los tiempos verbales del pasado como paso previo para utilizarlos en la escritura. En la segunda, la reflexión se centra en el subjuntivo a partir de una actividad de pares mínimos que tiene como objetivo comprender cómo conceptualizan la noción de modo verbal. Los datos de aula, en ambos casos, permiten entender los logros y las dificultades que los estudiantes encuentran cuando reflexionan sobre las nociones gramaticales. Ofrecen asimismo información valiosa para entender los problemas a los que ha de responder una gramática pedagógica, es decir, una gramática que sea útil para el aprendizaje en la enseñanza no universitaria.
The scope of changes in the economic sectoral policies of the Russian Federation and their impact on the Russian Baltic activity, the case of transport policy
Authors: Zieliński Mariusz
Published: December 2020

The following paper covers the policy of the Russian Federation (RF) on maritime transport in the broader context of the strategic regulations on transport. On the one hand, the strategic regulations of the Russian Federation on the development of transport was brought closer. While on the other hand, the focus was on the maritime transport issues of the RF in the Baltic Basin and the implementation of the transport strategy between 2008-2019 in the context of the Russian maritime policy activities, with a particular focus on the Baltic Sea
Gerenciamento de interfaces para prover comunicação heterogênea em redes compostas por múltiplos UAVs
Authors: Ribeiro Laura  Michaella , Muller Ivan , Becker Leandro
Published: December 2020

Manter a conectividade em voo entre múltiplos UAVs e um grande desafio técnico. Porém, muitas vezes, isso se torna indispensável para o sucesso das tarefas e alcance dos objetivos de uma missão. Nesse contexto, visando ampliar a confiabilidade na entrega de mensagens, o presente artigo propõe um sistema gerenciador de interfaces capaz de prover uma comunicação heterogênea em redes multi-UAVs. Esse sistema é constituído por uma arvore de decisão que, a partir de parâmetros sensoriados dinamicamente pelo meio (vazão da rede, RSSI e SNR), escolhe qual interface de comunicação emprega uma maior confiabilidade nas conexões disponíveis. Cenários de simulação foram gerados utilizando as ferramentas NS-3 e SUMO, empregando o gerenciador com as interfaces IEEE 802.11n 2.4 GHz e 802.11p 5 GHz. A performance do gerenciador e avaliada em termos de vazão de rede, quantidade de pacotes enviados/recebidos, RSSI, intensidade de ruído recebido e a relação sinal-ruido. Em comparação ao desempenho obtido pelas interfaces aplicadas de forma homogênea, o gerenciador de interfaces proposto apresentou uma menor flutuação de desempenho na vazão, mesmo variando as classes de acesso das mensagens a serem enviadas (AC BE, AC BK, AC VI, AC VO). Isso implicou em maiores taxas de vazão da rede, maior quantidade de pacotes recebidos, menor quantidade de pacotes perdidos e uma melhor relação sinal-ruído, contribuindo para obtenção de conexões mais estáveis.
An Analysis of the Implementation of Edge Detection Operators in FPGA
Authors: Santos Douglas , Zolett Daniel , Belli Mateus , Viel Felipe , Zeferino Cesar
Published: December 2020

Computer vision systems have several stages, and one of the operators used in these systems is the edge detection filter. High-performance computing is required in many applications and stages of computer vision systems, and many designs use FPGA technology to improve performance and decrease power consumption. In this context, this work presents an analysis of five edge detection filters synthesized to FPGA, including Laplacian, Roberts, Prewitt, Sobel, and Canny. In the experiments, we compared the hardware implementations with software versions to identify the impact of fixed-point representation on the quality of the output images. We have also assessed metrics regarding performance, silicon costs, and energy consumption. The results obtained show that the Laplacian filter has the lowest costs, while the Canny operator provides the best output image at the price of much higher silicon costs and energy consumption.
Secure Kernel Execution with Intel SGX
Authors: Meneguele Bruno , Fonseca Keiko , Rosa Marcelo
Published: December 2020

Intel SGX is not accessible from the most privileged execution level, known as ring zero, where the operating system kernel is placed. However, it is possible to split the execution responsibility between kernel and userspace by creating a dependency among these two levels that allow internal kernel data to be stored or processed within SGX private enclaves. In this paper we present SKEEN, an enhanced way to isolate internal operating system components and structures with Intel SGX technology, preventing information leak to different components of the same operating system. A proof-of-concept is provided to exemplify its usage.
Reseña a la obra del profesor SÁNCHEZ GÓMEZ, R. "El derecho de defensa en la investigación de los delitos de terrorismo", Thomson Reuters Arazandi, Pamplona 2017, 297 págs.
Authors: Contreras Mazarío José Mª
Published: December 2020

La obra comentada desarrolla el estatuto jurídico básico aplicable a los detenidos por causa de terrorismo, realizándose un recorrido desde la aplicación de la Ley Orgánica 4/1988, de 25 de mayo, de reforma de la LECrim hasta la Ley Orgánica 13/2015, de 5 de octubre, de modificación de la LECrim para el fortalecimiento de las garantías procesales y la regulación de las medidas de investigación tecnológica y la Ley 41/2015, de 5 de octubre, de modificación de la LECrim para la agilización de la justicia penal y el fortalecimiento de las garantías procesales. Tras un pormenorizado análisis del derecho de defensa, se pone en relación éste con la suspensión de derechos fundamentales prevista en el artículo 55.2 de la CE a partir de su correspondiente desarrollo orgánico.The work develops the basic legal status applicable to detainees due to terrorism, analyzed from the application of the Organic Law 4/1988 of May 25, that modifies Criminal Procedural Code to Organic Law 13/2015, of October 5 that modifies Criminal Procedural Code regarding the strengthen of procedural guarantees and regulates technological research measures and Law 41/2015, of  October 5, that modifies Criminal Procedural Code to streamline criminal justice and to strengthen procedural guarantees. After a detailed analysis of the right of defense, it is related to the suspension of fundamental rights provided by art. 55.2 CE and its corresponding organic development.
A máscara teatral e a materialidade das formas: a semente de um sonho e a flor de nossas artes.
Authors: Viola Daniele Rocha , Gedoz Laura Wilbert
Published: December 2020

Nós, mulheres, estamos presentes em vários espaços de produção de conhecimento e não é diferente no teatro de animação. Aqui, trazemos uma parte da nossa jornada no teatro de animação, com foco nas máscaras que vivenciamos, a fim de tocar corações curiosos a partir do ponto de vista de duas artistas-mulheres-pesquisadoras. Investigamos aqui as materialidades desse objeto cênico e, consequentemente, os impactos gerados por elas em cena. Ao pesquisar a máscara, suas formas e como ela reflete na produção visual, podemos observar de maneira precisa a floração da concretização de um pensamento, de um sonho, de um imaginário.
Assessment of the foliar micromorphology, phytochemical and mineral composition of Justicia secunda Valh leaves
Authors: Ogunbamowo Paul Oluwatimilehin , Olaniyi Musbau Bayonle , Awotedu Olamilekan Lanre , Lawal Ibraheem Oduola
Published: December 2020

Justicia secunda es una planta medicinal que pertenece a la familia Acanthaceae, es muy utilizada en la medicina tradicional para el tratamiento y manejo de una amplia gama de dolencias. En este estudio, la selección/análisis de fitoquímicos, minerales y características micro-morfológicas de las hojas de J. secunda se evaluaron utilizando procedimientos estándar. Los datos generados para el contenido fitomineral y fitoquímico de las hojas así como la prueba quimio-microscópica y los rasgos anatómicos foliares de las hojas que revelaron rasgos característicos distintos serán de utilidad en la sistemática, adecuada identificación, autenticación y estandarización de esta planta para fines medicinales propósitos.

Justicia secunda is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family Acanthaceae, it is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment and management of a wide range of ailments. In this study, the phytochemicals screening/analysis, minerals and micro-morphological characteristics of the leaves of J. secunda were evaluated using standard procedures. The data generated for the phytomineral and phytochemical contents of the leaves as well as the chemo-microscopic test and foliar anatomical features of the leaves which revealed distinct characteristic features will be useful in the systematics, proper identification, authentication and standardization of this plant for medicinal purposes.
Ej, hvorfor skal vi ud?!
Authors: Eggersen Dorte Vang
Published: December 2020

Artiklen præsenterer et databaseret studie, der har til formål dels at vise, hvilken didaktisk intentionalitet der ligger til grund for anvendelsen af udeskole i Danmark, og dels at validere en teoretisk kategorisering af udeskoleaktiviteter. Det empiriske grundlag består af 148 beskrivelser af udeundervisningsforløb, som er udviklet, afprøvet og beskrevet af lærere og pædagoger på 66 danske folke- og friskoler. Der er gennemført en lukket kodning med følgende tre kategorier: ’motion og bevægelse i fag’, ’sprog som ledsagelse til handling’ samt ’stedbaseret læring’. Resultatet viser en markant overvægt af kategorien sprog som ledsagelse til handling og en ens forekomst af bevægelse i undervisningen henholdsvis stedbaseret læring.

I diskussionen påpeges dels et behov for at nuancere og videreudvikle kategorien sprog som ledsagelse til handling, og dels et behov for at udvikle fagdidaktikker, som bruger stedbaseret læring til at fremme børns opmærksomhed på steder.
De tsunamis, olas, quijotes y KO-vid: Las metáforas de la pandemia a través de las viñetas
Authors: Filardo-Llamas Laura
Published: December 2020

Diversos estudios muestran la importante función de las metáforas en la comunicación sanitaria y pública. Con la llegada de la pandemia por la COVID-19, se han activado no solo marcos habituales en la comunicación, como el de la guerra, sino un uso creativo de las metáforas, particularmente relevante en el caso de los viñetistas. En este artículo se presenta una visión de distintas metáforas utilizadas en viñetas, tanto en español como en inglés, con el objetivo de recopilar distintos usos metafóricos y de reflexionar sobre la función evaluativa de la metáfora y cómo esta contribuye a reflejar distintas visiones de la realidad. Los ejemplos recogidos muestran cómo se legitiman o deslegitiman determinadas acciones sociales y políticas, y también que estos usos apelan con frecuencia a determinados conocimientos contextuales.
Un Agamennone isocrateo nell’Heroikos di Filostrato. Per una proposta interpretativa dei capitoli 29-31
Authors: Minniti Vittoria
Published: December 2020

In chapters 29-31 of the Philostratus’s Heroikos Agamemnon assumes a particularly positive characterization, different from the main tradition that refers to the Homeric poems. In the following pages I will propose to identify in the Panathenaicus of Isocrates a parallel motif and a possible source for the particular characterization of the king of the Achaeans. Indeed, Isocrates’ speech can be compared to the Heroikos for three reasons: in addition to the unusual praise of the Homeric hero, both authors refer to the importance of enslaving Troy and defeating the barbarians. These arguments allow us to identify a parallel in a precise point of the Panathenaicus of Isocrates: the excursus on Agamemnon in chapters 72-84.
Inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cell and its radiation hardness for space applications
Authors: Song Ming-Hui  , Wang Du-Xiang  , Bi Jing-Feng  , Chen Wen-Jun  , Li Ming-Yang  , Li Sen-Lin  , Liu Guan-Zhou  , Wu Chao-Yu  ,   Tianjin San'an Optoelectronics Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300387, China
Published: December 2020

In recent years, with the development of solar cell technology, the conversion efficiency of the lattice-matched Ga0.51In0.49P/In0.01Ga0.99As/Ge triple-junction solar cell has achieved 30% under AM0 spectrum. As is well known, it is difficult to further improve the efficiency due to the limited bandgap combination. Therefore, an inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cell is designed by replacing the Ge subcell with a 1.0 eV InGaAs subcell. The efficiency could be increased with the open-circuit voltage increasing, while the short circuit current maintains a similar value.#br#In this paper, the inverted metamorphic GaInP/GaAs/In0.3Ga0.7As triple-junction solar cells are grown on 4-inch GaAs substrates via metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Optimizing the epitaxy process, AlInGaAs graded buffer shows nearly 100% relaxation by the reciprocal space mapping of the high-resolution X-ray diffraction and low average threading dislocation density~5.4×106/cm2 evaluated from the cathodoluminescence image. Finally, the inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cell with 24 cm2 area shows a conversion efficiency of 32% with an open-circuit voltage of 3.045 V and a short-circuit current of 404.5 mA under one sun, AM0 spectrum, 25℃ conditions, which is 5% higher than the lattice-matched GaInP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cell. Under 1 MeV electron irradiation test, the degradations of the external quantum efficiency and I-V characteristics of inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cell are exhibited each as a function of fluence, and finally the end-of-life efficiency is 27.2% with a degradation of 15% under 1×1015/cm2 fluence. More experiments mainly focusing on the lattice quality of AlInGaAs graded buffer and the structure of In0.3Ga0.7As subcell, will be carried out to improve the efficiency and enhance the radiation hardness.
Generation of Bessel-Gaussian vortex beam by combining technology
Authors: Yu Tao  , Xia Hui  , Fan Zhi-Hua  , Xie Wen-Ke  , Zhang Pan  , Liu Jun-Sheng  , Chen Xin  ,   School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;,   Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai 201109, China;,   Infrared Detection Technology Research and Development Center of CASC, Shanghai 201109, China
Published: December 2020

Bessel beam is an important member of the family of non-diffracting beams and has some unique properties which can be used in many areas, such as micro particle manipulating, material processing and optical communication. However, the source of Bessel beam generated by the existing methods can be used only in a short distance due to its low power. In this paper, according to the coherent combining technology, we propose a method to generate a second-order Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beam by loading discrete vortex phase on specific spatially distributed Gaussian beam array. The coherent combining technology can enhance the output power by increasing the number of beams and use the phase-locking technique to maintain the beam quality. The experimental scheme is described as follows. The expanded Gaussian beam is first split by an amplitude-based spatial light modulator, then the Gaussian beam array is incident on a phase-only spatial light modulator to load the discrete vortex phase, and finally the Gaussian beam array loaded with phase can synthesize BG beam in free space. Due to the diffraction effect of the sub-beams, the optical field distribution between the adjacent sub-beams which are loaded with phase differences, are superimposed. As a result, the optical field distribution of the approximate beam can be obtained by coherent synthesis in free space. After that, the degree of similarity between simulated results and theoretical data is analyzed by correlation coefficient, including the comparison of light intensity between experiment and simulation, and the power-in-the-bucket is used to evaluate beam quality. In addition, the topological charge of the synthesized BG beams is verified by the interference method. By studying the number of beams, the waist radius and the radius of the ring, we find some interesting results which are summarized as follows. Firstly, the closed arrangement of Gaussian beam arrays can improve the quality of the synthesized BG beam. Secondly, the smaller the phase difference between the sub-beams, the more easily the discontinuous piston phase approaches to the vortex phase. Therefore, increasing the number of sub-beams can significantly improve the beam quality of the synthesized BG beam and obtain a higher order synthetic BG beam. Finally, we define the parameter k to represent the tightness of a circular array of Gaussian beams. The present study shows that when the parameter k is close to 1, the best experimental results can be obtained. Therefore, the proposed method has important guidance in generating various vortex beams or enhancing the vortex beam power.
Quantum error rejection and fault tolerant quantum communication
Authors: Deng Fu-Guo  , Li Xi-Han  , Li Tao  ,   Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;,   Department of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;,   School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Published: December 2020

Quantum communication utilizes the quantum state as information carrier. The transmission of quantum states is therefore a precondition for various quantum communication protocols. Photons play a central role in quantum communication since they are fast, cheap, easy to control and interact weakly with the environment. However, the widely used polarization degree of freedom of photons is vulnerable to the noise during the transmission. In this article, we review two main methods to deal with the channel noise, i.e., the quantum error rejection scheme and fault tolerant quantum communication. To transmit an arbitrary single-photon state, Li and Deng proposed two faithful state transmission schemes only by resorting to passive linear optics. The success probability can be (2N+1-1)/2N+1 by introducing a wave splitter composed of N unbalance interferometers. Compared with other quantum error rejection schemes, these two scheme are practical both in maneuverability and resource consumption. They are not only suitable for single-photon pure state transmission but also able to be used for transmitting mixed state, which makes them useful for one-way quantum communication. The success probability of error rejection is usually less than 100% since some error cases are rejected. To realize complete fault tolerant quantum communication, decoherence free subspace can be used to encode quantum information. In 2008, Li et al. proposed two efficient quantum key distribution schemes over two different collective-noise channels. The noiseless subspaces are made up of two Bell states and the spatial degree of freedom is introduced to form two nonorthogonal bases. Although entangled states are employed, only single-photon measurements are required to read the information. Later, the scheme is generalized to an efficient one which transmits n-1 bits information via n Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and many fault tolerant quantum communication schemes were proposed. We compare the practicality of different anti-noise schemes based on maneuverability and resource consumption and a perspective of these two research directions is given in the last section.
Research progress of partially coherent beams propagation in turbulent atmosphere
Authors: Wang Fei  , Yu Jia-Yi  , Liu Xian-Long  , Cai Yang-Jian  ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;,   Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
Published: December 2020

Compared with coherent laser beams, partially coherent beams have advantages of effectively reducing turbulence-induced extra beam spreading, beam wander and intensity scintillation on propagation through turbulent atmosphere, and have promising applications in free-space optical communications, laser radar and remote sensing. Recently, more and more attention was paid to the propagation of partially coherent beams through turbulent atmosphere. In this article, we first review historically the research progress of the propagation of partially coherent beams in atmospheric turbulence. And we describe in detail the basic theory for the calculation of average intensity, second-order moment and scintillation index of partially coherent beams in turbulence based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and Rytov method. We also present a phase screen method of numerically simulating the propagation of coherent beams through turbulent atmosphere, and then extend such a method to treating the propagation of partially coherent beams.
Dynamic analysis of rumor propagation model based on true information spreader
Authors: Zhang Ju-Ping , Guo Hao-Ming , Jing Wen-Jun , Jin Zhen ,   Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis on Disease Control and Prevention, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: December 2020

In the process of rumor propagation, people who know the truth or judge the truth can spread true information about rumors. Therefore, on the rumor propagation, it is significant to introduce the spreaders who spread true information in the rumor propagation. But the previous studies did not take into consideration the influence of true information spreading on the rumor propagation. In this paper, the susceptible-infective-true-removed (SITR) rumor propagation model with the true information spreader and the forgetting factor of rumors is established. The threshold K0 is obtained by using the method of the next generation matrix. If K0 < 1, the balance between no rumor and no true information spreader is locally asymptotically stable. The existence and stability of two boundary balance (that is, there are rumor spreaders but no true information spreaders, and there are no rumor spreaders but true information spreaders) are proved. The bistable region of two-boundary balance is given. Further, under different conditions we obtain the existence and locally asymptotical stability of positive balance (rumor spreaders and true information spreaders coexist). Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulations. We find that the initial value of the true information spreaders affects the peak value of the rumor spreaders and the duration of the rumor. The bigger the initial value of the true information spreaders, the smaller the peak value of the rumor spreaders is and the shorter the duration of the rumor is. The initial value of the rumor spreaders affects the peak value of the rumor spreaders, and the time when the rumor spreaders reach the peak value. The larger the initial value of the rumor spreaders, the larger the peak value of the rumor spreaders is and the earlier the peak value appears. But the initial value of the rumor spreaders does not affect the duration of the rumor. Therefore, in the process of rumor propagation, according to mathematical analysis of the rumor propagation model, we find that the rumor spread is a very complicated process. The results of mathematical analysis can provide theoretical basis to control the rumor propagation and reduce the negative effects of rumors.