bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Theological Legitimation of Khusain Faizkhanov’s Pedagogical Project
Authors: Mukhetdinov D. V.
Published: November 2023

This article deals with Khusain Faizkhanov (1823–1866) as an Islamic theologian. This aspect of his thought was rarely studied in numerous publications about his work — his orientalist or pedagogical heritage invariably came to the fore, in isolation from its religious roots. This is not accidental, since the thinker did not leave behind explicit theological works. Nevertheless, the complexity of the problem does not relieve us of the need to solve it. As will be shown below, without understanding the theological dimension of Faizkhanov’s thought, essential aspects of his educational activities are also missed. The thinker proposed a kind of theological legitimation of secular knowledge, which was important for him both on a personal level and in the context of social pragmatics. The social consequence of this legitimization, refl ected primarily in the project of reform of religious education, was to be the formation of an educated Muslim elite of the modern type.
Automated Generation of Shuttling Sequences for a Linear Segmented Ion Trap Quantum Computer
Authors: Durandau Jonathan , Wagner Janis , Mailhot Frédéric , Brunet Charles-Antoine , Schmidt-Kaler Ferdinand , Poschinger Ulrich , Bérubé-Lauzière Yves
Published: November 2023

A promising approach for scaling-up trapped-ion quantum computer platforms is by storing multiple trapped-ion qubit sets ('ion crystals') in segmented microchip traps and to interconnect these via physical movement of the ions ('shuttling'). Already for realizing quantum circuits with moderate complexity, the design of suitable qubit assignments and shuttling schedules require automation. Here, we describe and test algorithms which address exactly these tasks. We describe an algorithm for fully automated generation of shuttling schedules, complying to constraints imposed by a given trap structure. Furthermore, we introduce different methods for initial qubit assignment and compare these for random circuit (of up to 20 qubits) and quantum Fourier transform-like circuits, and generalized Toffoli gates of up to 40 qubits each. We find that for quantum circuits which contain a fixed structure, advanced assignment algorithms can serve to reduce the shuttling overhead.
Quantum Circuit Compiler for a Shuttling-Based Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer
Authors: Kreppel Fabian , Melzer Christian , Olvera Millán Diego , Wagner Janis , Hilder Janine , Poschinger Ulrich , Schmidt-Kaler Ferdinand , Brinkmann André
Published: November 2023

The increasing capabilities of quantum computing hardware and the challenge of realizing deep quantum circuits require fully automated and efficient tools for compiling quantum circuits. To express arbitrary circuits in a sequence of native gates specific to the quantum computer architecture, it is necessary to make algorithms portable across the landscape of quantum hardware providers. In this work, we present a compiler capable of transforming and optimizing a quantum circuit targeting a shuttling-based trapped-ion quantum processor. It consists of custom algorithms set on top of the quantum circuit framework Pytket. The performance was evaluated for a wide range of quantum circuits and the results show that the gate counts can be reduced by factors up to 5.1 compared to standard Pytket and up to 2.2 compared to standard Qiskit compilation.
fq-Derivation of BP-Algebras
Authors: Gemawati Sri , Mashadi  , M Musraini , Fitria Elsi
Published: November 2023

First, this article presents the definition of left-right derivation and right-left derivation in BP-algebra, and their characteristic are explored. Then, we define the concept of inside and outside fq-derivation of BP-algebras. Finally, their properties are explored. Furthermore, the notion of fq-derivation within BP-algebra is synonymous with B-algebra; however, they do exhibit variations in their respective characteristics.
ARQUEOLOGÍA HISTÓRICA EN REY DON FELIPE (PUERTO DEL HAMBRE): 50 AÑOS DESPUÉS DE ORTIZ-TRONCOSO
Authors:   Universidad Austral de Chile, Urbina Araya Simón Andrés , Adán León , Sierralta Simon , Cortés Constanza , Prieto Alfredo , González Soledad , Calás Elisa , Labarca Rafael , Massone Mauricio , Naranjo Natalia , Calle Felipe De La , Román Álvaro
Published: November 2023

Este artículo retoma el trabajo en Rey Don Felipe (Puerto del Hambre), dando continuidad a las investigaciones iniciadas hace medio siglo por el arqueólogo Omar Ortiz-Troncoso. Se resume el conocimiento histórico-arqueológico previo y se dan a conocer nuevos análisis estratigráficos, artefactuales y ecofactuales obtenidos a partir de prospecciones y excavaciones en el sitio entre los años 2019 y 2022. De este modo, se evalúan las conclusiones planteadas por distintos investigadores en torno a la relevancia del asentamiento, materialidades y ocupaciones identificadas. Se proponen cuatro ocupaciones principales en el asentamiento y se releva el potencial interpretativo de nuevas líneas de evidencia respecto de los procesos coloniales estudiados por la arqueología.
Highly Stable Strontium Fluoride as a Thickness Tolerant Electron‐Selective Contact for Dopant‐Free Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Wenxian , Cai Lun , Meng Lanxiang , Chen Nuo , Wei Huiqi , Hong Yang , Chen Yongjuan , Zeng Linyi , Liang Zongcun
Published: November 2023

Commercialized passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) silicon solar
cells feature direct contact of metal with silicon, which leads to
severe recombination loss and low open circuit voltage
(V). To overcome the loss, the authors
demonstrate a highly stable and thickness-tolerant dopant-free
electron-selective contact consisting of a strontium fluoride/aluminium
(SrF/Al) stack. The inserting dielectric
SrF layer can mitigate the Fermi-level pinning effect
between the silicon substrate and the Al electrode. Besides, a
comparatively small Ohmic contact resistivity of 2
mΩ·cm on lightly doped n-type c-Si can be achieved
when using 4 nm of SrF. Moreover, the formed contact
within 9 nm SrF is stable for over 5000 hours in the
air without encapsulation. Solar cells with this novel dopant-free
electron-selective contact reach a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of
21.56%. The promising results and its stable nature, indicate its
potential to serve as cost-efficient electron-selective contact for
various optoelectronic devices.
P51C-02 PRESSURE DEFICIT IN GALE CRATER AND A LARGER NORTHERN POLAR CAP AFTER THE GLOBAL DUST STORM OF MARS YEAR 34
Authors: Juarez Manuel de la Torre , Juárez M De La Torre , Piqueux S , Kass D M , Newman C E , Guzewich S D
Published: November 2023

In past global dust storms, no long lasting anomalies in the pressure
cycle had been observed. The Global Dust Storm of Mars Year 34 (MY34),
however, left behind an average surface pressure lower than what was
expected based on the the values recorded on previous years by the Rover
Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) on Curiosity. The main signal
contribution to the daily average surface pressure is the CO2 cycle,
which is controlled by the Polar ice sublimation and freezing cycles. We
used REMS and Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) data to search for correlations
between the REMS anomaly and anomalies in the circulation compared to
MCS observations from previous years. The findings include an early
start of the retreat season for the Northern Polar cap, followed by the
longest period of growth for the Southern Polar (SP) cap ice expansion
since Curiosity had landed and then, during the dust storm, the longest
retreat season of the Southern Polar cap. We also find a larger Northern
Polar Cap extension after the storm, suggestive of a larger deposition
of CO2 ice. The changes in length of the SP growth and retreat seasons
might be consequence of the response of the zonal mean circulation to
the dust storm. Changes in the structure of the zonal mean circulation
compared to previous years are found in MCS data and presented. The
combination of these anomalies constraint what physical processes may
have caused this response in surface pressure after the dust storm.
Use of virtual reality to facilitate engineer training in the aerospace industry
Authors: Paszkiewicz Andrzej , Salach Mateusz , Wydrzyński Dawid , Woźniak Joanna , Budzik Grzegorz , Bolanowski Marek , Ganzha Maria , Paprzycki Marcin , Cierpicki Norbert
Published: November 2023

This work concerns automation of the training process, using modern information technologies, including virtual reality (VR). The starting point is an observation that automotive and aerospace industries require effective methods of preparation of engineering personnel. In this context, the technological process of preparing operations of a CNC numerical machine has been extracted. On this basis, a dedicated virtual reality environment, simulating manufacturing of a selected aircraft landing gear component, was created. For a comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons of the proposed approach, four forms of training, involving a physical CNC machine, a physical simulator, a software simulator, and the developed VR environment were instantiated. The features of each training form were analysed in terms of their potential for industrial applications. A survey, using the Net Promoter Score method, was also conducted among a target group of engineers, regarding the potential of use of each training form. As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of all four training forms were captured. They can be used as criteria for selecting the most effective training form.
The significance of early-onset malignant arrhythmias in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention and their relationship with biomarkers
Authors: Romanovic Radoslav , Dzudovic Boris , Djenic Nemanja , Jovic Zoran , Spasic Marjan , Djuric Obrad , Hladis Andjelko , Malovic Dragana , Obradovic Slobodan
Published: November 2023

Background/Aim. Patients who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and survived ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the first 48 hrs after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) had, in most investigations, a similar long-term prognosis of the outcome, compared to those patients who did not have VT and VF during the first 48 hrs after STEMI. The aim of the study was to determine the association of myocardial infarction markers: creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB), heart failure marker ? B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and systemic inflammation factor ? C-reactive protein (CRP) with early VT and VF onset, in relation to patient mortality during the first six months after STEMI. Methods. The retrospective study included 971 patients with STEMI treated with pPCI for ten years. VF and sustained VT (sVT) were detected outside of the hospital and during the first 48 hrs of hospitalization. Results. During the first 4 8 hrs from admission, 1 08 ( 11.1%) patients had life-threatening arrhythmias, of which 75 (69.4%) had VF, and 33 (30.6%) had sVT and were treated with direct current ? DC shock and intravenous amiodarone. Intrahospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with VF/sVT in the first 48 hrs compared to patients without VF/sVT (14.8% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.001). BNP level had higher accuracy in the prediction of six-month death than the maximum blood level of CRP in patients without VF/sVT after 48 hrs. However, in patients with early-onset malignant arrhythmias, BNP showed a lower level of accuracy in predicting the six-month mortality, a s did the CRP values, which had almost the same level of accuracy. Admission glycemia had a much lower predictive value in both groups of patients compared to BNP and C RP [ 0.705 ( 0.628? 0.781), p < 0.001 and 0.662 (0.521?0.803), p = 0.046, respectively]. In either of the groups, maximum CK-MB levels were not significant in predicting the six-month all-cause mortality. Conclusion. Our study indicates that STEMI patients with early onset of VF and sVT, treated with pPCI, with a high BNP level, have a statistically significantly higher mortality rate compared to patients with a lower BNP level.
Role of Glycosuria in SGLT2 Inhibitor–Induced Cardiorenal Protection: A Mechanistic Analysis of the CREDENCE Trial
Authors: Ferrannini Ele , Solini Anna , Baldi Simona , Scozzaro Tiziana , Polidori David , Natali Andrea , Hansen Michael K.
Published: November 2023

SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to provide pronounced reductions in cardiorenal outcomes, including cardiovascular death, heart failure, and renal failure. The mechanisms underlying these benefits remain uncertain. We hypothesized that the effects could be attributed to the elevated glycosuria induced by these drugs. Urine concentrations of glucose, creatinine, and ketones were measured at baseline and after 1 year of treatment with either placebo or canagliflozin 100 mg/day, in approximately 2,600 individuals from the Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial (enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and albuminuria). Associations between glycosuria and the primary composite end point from CREDENCE, and secondary outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Canagliflozin treatment increased fractional urinary glucose excretion (± SD) from 3 ± 9% at baseline to 30 ± 26% at year 1 (vs. 5 ± 19% with placebo; P < 0.001). Patients in the canagliflozin arm and in the top quartile of urine glucose to creatinine ratio at year 1 were significantly protected for the primary end point (hazard ratio [HR] 0.42; 95% CI 0.30–0.61); similar results were seen for cases of hospitalized heart failure (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.27–0.73) and all-cause death (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.39–0.80). These associations persisted when adjustments were made for multiple conventional risk factors. Among patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD treated with canagliflozin, individuals with the highest glycosuria levels had the strongest protection against multiple cardiorenal outcomes.

Article Highlights
Board of Trustees
Authors: BROOKING KEREN
Published: November 2023

This brief overview of my research explores the impact of one aspect of New Zealand's self-managing reforms on the changing and predicted gender profile of the principalship in primary schools. The research in progress is a national study of boards of trustees' selection practices of principals carried out in 2002. It examines how trustees interpret and act upon often contradictory and conflicting official discourses from self-managing policies and Equal Employment Opportunities (EEO) legislation, as well as populist discourses mobilised by the media. Using feminist discourse theory (Bacchi 2000) I argue that the reforms have not contributed to a significant shift in the gender diversity representation of the principalship.
Learners and Outcomes: Where Did All the Children Go?
Authors: Ballard Keith
Published: November 2023

Ideas about the nature and purpose of education shape the language that is used to talk about teaching. This influences teaching practice.Research on education policy shows a significant move in New Zealand toward the idea that education is a commodity to be traded in the market place. In this context a language of learners and of outcomes emphasises a production output role for teachers over wider concerns for children and their wellbeing. This paper considers the origins of market ideas and suggests that commercialising education has implications for how teachers relate to children.
Curriculum: Sitting on the Fault Line
Authors: Chapman David
Published: November 2023

It is not often enough that we stand back a little from what we do every day and examine the things we take for granted.  Within education we have taken a lot of matters for granted for a little too long.  As a teaching profession we espouse a cooperative philosophy and spend a lot of time in classes with students developing cooperative skills and as teachers planning collectively ...
Selección y evaluación de impactos ambientales de un sistema descentralizado para el tratamiento diferenciado de las aguas residuales domésticas en una vivienda en la Ciudad de México
Authors:   , Zaragoza Ayala Dulce Alejandra
Published: November 2023

In this work, different decentralized wastewater treatment systems were evaluated, preselected for the treatment of gray water generated in a house in Iztapalapa of the type "Unique house on land with average occupants of 4”. Housing defined as a case study, taking as a reference the Mexico City mayor's office that presents greater problems of availability of piped water and coverage of wastewater treatment. The evaluation of the systems was carried out through the following phases: Phase 1. Indicators that contribute to the sustainability of the systems were identified and pondered, these being: demand for the system area, as well as its robustness, pollutant removal efficiency, investment costs, energy requirements, greenhouse gas emissions, landscape damage, odor emission and generation of byproducts whit economic or reuse value. Phase 2. The possible systems to be installed in the case study were pre-selected: sequential batch reactor, membrane biological, upflow anaerobic, as well as constructed wetlands and septic tanks. Based on these systems and the previously defined indicators, the available technical information was compiled. Phase 3. A decision matrix comprised the indicators, their weighting, and the preselected systems. Based on the information obtained in Phase 2, the systems were evaluated according to their compliance with each indicator. Once the evaluation was settled, it was weighted to obtain the qualification by alternative. Thus, the upflow anaerobic reactor obtained the highest rating (72.4 points), followed by the sequential batch reactor with only 2.8 points below. Given this result, the systems were compared based on the following criteria: a) Effluent quality and greenhouse gases from the systems operation products: where the sequential batch reactor presented better quality effluents and lower greenhouse gas emissions. b) Environmental impact of the treatment of gray water from the case study: the results showed that the sequential batch reactor was the most environmentally sustainable option.
Extraction and modification of cellulose from Artocarpus heterophyllus for biosorption of lead ion from aqueous solution as cost effective biosorbent
Authors: Turunesh Debela Jufar , Zewudie Gashaw Tadele , Dereba Workineh Seboka Dereba Workineh
Published: November 2023

The heavy metals found in contaminated waters are dangerous for the environment and human health, so it is necessary to seek and apply techniques to remove these pollutants, using adsorption techniques with natural biopolymers as cost effective biosorbent. Since large amounts of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus fruit) waste part are abandoned after the pulp used around Tepi areas, the possibility of developing value-added products from them is interesting innovation. In this work, cellulose fiber was extracted from Artocarpus heterophyllus fruit waste part and modified with Isopropyl alcohol groups to produce which were then used as Lead metal ion adsorbents. The modified cellulose was characterized by several techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This modified cellulose was used as adsorbents for adsorption studies of heavy metal ions (Pb2+) within batch adsorption systems. A solution of lead ion (Pb2+) was used as artificial wastewater for the purpose of studying biosorption efficiencies. The biosorption efficiencies of modified cellulose were studied by using four adsorption parameters. The optimum biosorption of modified cellulose at 25 °C, were found to be 94.2%, 76.12%, 82.54%, and 90.13%, of Pb2+ for the adsorption parameter; biosorbent dosage, contact time, Pb (II) concentration, and pH respectively.  The biosorption kinetics behaviour of modified cellulose for Pb2+ fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficient of 0.9975. The biosorption isotherm behaviour was well described using the Langmuir biosorption isotherm model with higher correlation coefficient of 0.9935. The reusability and desorption study of modified cellulose shows that it can be reused 2 to 4 times and after 5th cycles the desorption was significantly decreased. This study showed that the modified cellulosic adsorbents made from (Artocarpus heterophyllus fruit) were able to efficiently adsorb metal ions from aqueous solution.
Marine Fish Antifreeze Proteins: The Key Towards Cryopreserving The Winter Soldier
Authors: Suris-Valls Roma , Mehmedbasic Maja , Voets Ilja K
Published: November 2023

Along the path to building knowledge and developing new technologies, scientific research is a fountain of reliable information that allows us to probe how entities in the natural world are likely to behave. For instance, several marine fish that inhabit sub-zero temperature waters use ice-binding proteins to prevent damage to their cells and tissues. The antifreeze properties of these ice-binding proteins might hold the key for future cryopreservation applications. The non-profit organization Organ Preservation Alliance (OPA) declared that one-fifth of donated kidneys are wasted and approximately two-thirds of donated hearts and lungs never make it to a patient. Advances in cryopreservation methods would enable us to significantly reduce this donor organs wastage – possibly saving the lives of more than 110,000 people who are currently on the organ transplant waiting list in the Unites States. The establishment of a large organ library could potentially lower the patient rejection response to the transplanted organ since a more suitable donor match would be feasible. In this article, we will give an insight on the different types of ice-binding proteins, their antifreeze properties and their potential role in the cryopreservation of organs while using the fictional character known as the Winter Soldier in the Marvel Cinematic Universe as our main protagonist.
A Super Return for Superhero Science and Technology
Authors: Fitzgerald Barry W
Published: November 2023

In 2017, I established the open access journal Superhero Science and Technology to provide researchers with a unique publishing medium to share their scientific findings with a diverse readership. In modern popular culture, superheroes are commonplace thanks to a host of successful TV series and films, and the reinvigorated interest in the source comic books. The high box office figures alone are testament to the popularity of the genre, which looks set to continue with a large number of films and TV series planned for the next decade.
How to build a synthetic digestive system for Marvel's Vision
Authors: Tauber Falk , Fitzgerald Barry W
Published: November 2023

Vision is a synthezoid (android or synthetic human), a member of the Avengers, and constantly striving to be more human. In the films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Vision is based on advanced robotics and bioengineering technologies. However, his body contains biological cells, and his external appearance consists of eyes, a mouth, a nose, teeth, and fingernails; traditional human attributes. Unlike humans, Vision does not eat as his metabolic energy requirements are met by a fictional alien artefact known as the Mind Stone. Nonetheless, given that Vision has eyes and a tongue, could he also have other organs? Does his body contain the organs for a synthetic digestive system? And if so, how would these organs meet his body’s metabolic energy needs? In this paper, we show how advancements in soft robotics (compliant robotic technologies made from highly deformable materials) can be combined to build an artificial digestive system. We consider the primary systems of the human digestive system – the oesophagus, stomach, intestines, and waste disposal. We show that an artificial digestive system is possible, but additional technologies are needed to support the underlying soft-robotics technologies.
Engineering the Winter Soldier
Authors: Keogh Colin
Published: November 2023

The Winter Solider, better known as James Buchanan “Bucky” Barnes, possesses a highly advanced prosthetic arm that provides enhanced levels of strength, endurance, and toughness to the biologically enhanced solider. This paper covers some of the engineering aspects behind his advanced prosthetic. First, the origin of the Winter Solider is discussed with a review of the abilities of his prosthetic arm. These abilities are used to assess the essential characteristics of the arm. An assessment of the anatomical damage suffered by Barnes is presented with this dictating the functionality needed for his prosthetic arm. Some basic assumptions are then made to estimate the material composition of his arm, and thus help identify the real materials that could be used to actually make his arm. This analysis process indicates that early versions of the arm were most likely made from a ferroalloy with a depleted uranium/titanium alloy and tungsten carbides being highly suitable. This is followed by an engineering assessment that breaks down the core aspects of the arm (mechanical structure, actuators, sensors, a power source, and a control system) with discussion on past, present, and future engineering solutions of these core aspects.
Explaining the Evolution of Job Tenure in Europe, 1995–2020
Authors: Bussolo Maurizio , Capelle Damien , Lokshin Michael M. , Torre Iván , Winkler Hernan
Published: November 2023

During the last quarter century, job tenure in Europe has shortened. Using data from Eurostat Labor Force Surveys of 29 countries from 1995 to 2020 and applying an age-period-cohort decomposition to analyze changes in tenure for specific birth cohorts, we show that tenure has shrunk for cohorts born in more recent years. To account for compositional changes within cohorts, we estimate the probability of holding jobs of different durations, conditional on individual and employment-related characteristics. The estimations demonstrate that, over time, the likelihood of having a medium- or long-term job decreased and holding a short-term job increased. We also find that stricter job protection legislation appears to decrease the probability of holding a short-term job, and higher trade openness and ICT-related technological change are correlated with an increase of that probability.
Droplet digital PCR quantification of selected microRNAs in raw mastitic cow’s milk from the west of Poland
Authors: Smulski Sebastian , Pszczoła Marcin , Stachowiak Monika , Bilińska Adrianna , Szczerbal Izabela
Published: November 2023

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of noncoding small RNAs, have been recognised as potential biomarkers of mammary gland conditions, including bovine mastitis diagnosis. The aim of this study was to quantify selected miRNAs in the milk of mastitic cows.

Material and Methods

Milk samples (n = 90) were collected from healthy and mastitic dairy cows originating from local dairy cattle farms located in the west of Poland. MicroRNAs of the miR-21a, miR-92a, miR-146a and miR-383 species were quantified using the highly sensitive droplet digital PCR method. Direct measurement of somatic cell count (SCC) was performed using a cell counter. Cows were divided into three groups: those with an SCC below 200,000/mL were designated Low (n = 25), those with an SCC between 200,000 and 999,999 were Medium (n = 34), and those with an SCC of 1,000,000 or higher were High (n = 31). Microbiological analyses were performed using standard culture testing.

Results

The level of miR-383 was very low and this miRNA was excluded from analysis. The miR-92a was used to normalise miR-21a and miR-146a expression levels. The obtained results of expression of miR-21a and miR-146a correlated with somatic cell number (R = 0.53 and 0.79, respectively).

Conclusion

These results show that ddPCR is a useful method for quantifying miRNAs in raw cow milk. It seems that miR-146a is a promising marker for bovine mastitis, although further studies are needed to select a panel of miRNAs that can be used in mastitis monitoring in Poland.
Centesimal, Physico-Chemical, Bioactive and Microbiological Characterization of Pilsen-Type Malt Bagasse
Authors: Tombini Caroline , De Vargas Paola Fontana , Feltes Maria Manuela Camino , Lajús Cristiano Reschke , De Mello Josiane Maria Muneron , Dalcanton Francieli
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to characterize malt bagasse obtained as the main residue from beer processing.
 
Theoretical benchmark: Malt bagasse is an agro-industrial waste with attractive nutritional characteristics, such as dietary fibers and proteins, intended for low or no added value purposes. In this sense, malt bagasse can nutritionally enrich various food products.
 
Method: The malt bagasse was dehydrated and then analyzed for its central characteristics (moisture, ash, proteins, dietary fiber, lipids, carbohydrates, energy value and mineral composition), physicochemical (pH, acidity and aw), bioactive (phenolic and antioxidant content) and microbiological.
 
Results and conclusion: As main results, malt bagasse showed high dietary fiber content (37,70 g/100 g) and high protein content (18,24 g/100 g), antioxidant capacity by the DPPH method with results expressed in EC50 as being 4,68 mg/mL and total phenolic content 360,99 mg EAG/100 g dry sample.
 
Implications of the research: The results of this study show a promising potential in the reuse of malt bagasse, to quote, in the incorporation into food for human consumption.
Assessment of an Open-Source Aircraft Noise Prediction Model Using Approach Phase Measurements
Authors: Maria Thoma Evangelia , Grönstedt Tomas , Otero Sola Evelyn , Zhao Xin
Published: November 2023

An open-source simulation model for aircraft noise prediction is presented and validated using backpropagated noise measurements for a state-of-the-art engine and aircraft. The validation is focused on approach procedures and was performed using ground-based noise measurements that were taken at 17 recording stations for a total of 18 consecutive flights carried out during the morning of 8 April 2021. The flights were performed using two A321neo aircraft with LEAP-1A engines. It is demonstrated that the presented noise model provides a satisfactory estimation of the source noise for varying approach configurations and flight conditions. Configurations using a greater number of high-lift devices are particularly well predicted in the mid- and high-frequency regions, whereas the lower configuration settings show greater spectral deviations, which are partly attributed to measurement uncertainties caused by the increased aircraft–microphone distance. The model can predict the overall mean total sound intensity level within a 2 dB accuracy for all configurations, while the average predicted level at each microphone differs by less than 3 dB from the measurement average, for all cases except one. Variation in aircraft speed showed to have a strong impact on the predicted total noise, which matches the well-recognized sixth-power Mach number far-field sound intensity scaling law for airframe noise models, while the measurements indicated a less significant dependency. This is mainly due to installation effects and noise reduction measures that are not included in the models. Nevertheless, the variations in the spectra of the predicted and measured noise showed similar patterns.
Space Extended Target Tracking Using Poisson Multi-Bernoulli Mixture Filtering with Nonlinear Measurements
Authors: Hua Bing , Yang Guang , Wu Yunhua , Chen Zhiming
Published: November 2023

The number of space targets in the near-Earth orbit has greatly increased, and space-based radar has the advantage of high resolution and high accuracy tracking to enhance the tracking efficiency of space extended targets (SET). We propose a gamma Gaussian inverse Wishart based on a matched linearization-Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (GGIWML-PMBM) filter to estimate the motion state and shape size of the SET. For the random matrix that can only describe the distribution under which the measurements are linear, the measurements of the spatial target are linearized using matched linearization, and the extended information is preserved in the second-order central moments. The transfer density and likelihood function of GGIW are nonlinear for Poisson measurements with nonlinear Gaussian spatial distributions, and the single-target densities and normalizing constants of the PMBM filter are not closed form. The prediction and update of PMBM include Gaussian-weighted integral calculation, for which different nonlinear approximation methods are used to calculate the weighted integral and derive the closed form of GGIWML-PMBM. Finally, the simulation scenarios of low-orbit single-radar sensor tracking near SET and group SET are established, and the results show that the tracking accuracy can reach 2.6 m for near SET and 6.6 m in group SET.
Rocket Landing Guidance Based on Linearization-Free Convexification
Authors: Yang Runqiu , Liu Xinfu , Song Zhengyu
Published: November 2023

The landing problem of a reusable rocket is generally a highly constrained and nonconvex optimization problem. In this paper, we will convexify the problem without relying on any linearization. Specifically, we propose to quickly determine some of the state variables in advance so that the nonlinearity of the dynamics is greatly reduced, and then we accurately convexify the problem by change of variables and transformation of the optimization objective. This convexification process enables us to design an iterative algorithm that can converge very reliably, and the convergence does not rely on any trust region constraint. It should be highlighted that the algorithm is very efficient, generally taking just milliseconds to converge on a personal computer. Furthermore, by ensuring the recursive feasibility of calling the iterative algorithm in each guidance cycle, we can design a landing guidance algorithm that is able to achieve precise landing under various uncertainties and disturbances. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the high performance of the iterative algorithm and the landing guidance algorithm.
Impact of Aerodynamic Modeling Assumptions on Flutter Speeds of Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: Ahsan Faraz , Todd Griffith D.
Published: November 2023

Theodorsen’s unsteady aerodynamic theory has been used extensively in flutter speed prediction of wind turbine blades. In this study, three key assumptions of Theodorsen theory (thin airfoil, flat wake, and small angle of attack) have been revisited, and all three assumptions have been addressed in combination to obtain new lift and moment equations that are subsequently applied in flutter calculations for full-scale vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) rotors, not just of an individual airfoil or blade. Furthermore, edgewise aerodynamics terms are added to the lift and moment equations to include their effects on flutter speeds. The newly obtained equations were implemented in the OWENS (Offshore Wind ENergy Simulation) toolkit, which is an FEM (Finite Element Method)-based toolkit for aeroelastic analysis of VAWTs. The effect of modifying each of these assumptions has been studied for the flutter RPM prediction of three primary modes of flutter of VAWTs: propeller, butterfly, and tower modes. For the land-based case, the most change was observed for the flutter RPM of the propeller mode, with a maximum increase of 2.62% for the two-bladed UTD 5 MW VAWT case. For the floating offshore case, the primary flutter modes (tower and platform pitch) were not significantly affected.
IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW ALLELIC VARIANT OF THE VRN-D1 GENE IN AEGILOPS TAUSCHII COSS
Authors:   Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Chepurnov G.Yu. , Blinov A.G. , Goncharov N.P.
Published: November 2023

The paper characterizes 15 accessions of Aegilops tauschii in growth habit. Using PCR analysis and sequencing, the structure of the Vrn-D1 gene was studied in all samples. Three allelic variant gene were found: (i) intact, (ii) with a 5437 bp deletion in the first intron and (iii) a previously undescribed allelic variant with a 3273 bp deletion in the first intron. It is shown that spring plants Ae. tauschii is formed due to a new variant of the Vrn-D1 gene.
DAILY DYNAMICS OF THE ACTIVITY OF RECOMBINANT PHOSPHOLIPASE C OBTAINED IN THE BACILLUS MOJAVENSIS SYSTEM DURING SUBMERGED CULTIVATION IN A SEMI-INDUSTRIAL FERMENTER
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Chirkova V.Yu. , Shcherbakov D.N. , Evdokimov I.Yu. ,   State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo
Published: November 2023

As a result of experimental deep cultivation of a new strain-producer of recombinant phospholipase C in the Bacillus mojavensis system in a semi-industrial 250-liter bioreactor, an enzyme preparation was obtained with a maximum phospholipase activity of 307.35 units/ml after 8 h of operation at 37 ºС.
BIOCATALYSIS OF WOOD MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE FOR MEDICAL AND FOOD PURPOSES
Authors:   Lomonosov Northern Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Shevchenko A.R. , Mayorova K.A.
Published: November 2023

The development of molecular biology in the productivity of enzyme systems has made it possible to make significant progress in the processing of renewable cellulose-containing raw materials. The Forest Products Industry is considered as a foundation for the introduction of biocatalytic technologies with the production of new products: prebiotics based on wood oligosaccharides and biomodified cellulose of food or medical quality.
DOE-BASED APPROACH TO ACCELERATE THE SELECTION OF STABILIZING ADDITIVES FOR PROTEIN SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Geropharm R&D Center, Saint Petersburg, Iarovikov A.S. , Ishchuk S.A. , Shmurak V.I.
Published: November 2023

The paper describes an approach based on DOE, which makes it possible to speed up the process of selecting additives and their optimal concentrations for the stabilization of protein molecules in solution. The response for the model was the melting temperature, which measured by DSF method. According to the results of the experiments, it was possible to choose a composition that provides an increase in the melting temperature of the fc-fusion protein by 5 °С.
Analyse, Beurteilung und Entwicklung eines Umsetzungskonzeptes zur Optimierung des Warengruppenmanagements im Einkauf der Krones AG
Authors: Schuster Bernd , Herrmann Frank
Published: November 2023

Die vorliege Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Analyse, Beurteilung und Entwicklung eines Umsetzungskonzeptes im Kontext des Warengruppenmanagements (WGMs) im Strategischen Einkauf der Krones AG.Die Ausgangslage der Studie ist, dass das WGM der Krones AG diverse Schwächen aufweist. Dies betrifft sowohl die aktive Nutzung von Warengruppen (WG), als auch Abhängigkeiten zu Prozessen der Materialneuanlage im genutzten ERP-System.Schwächen wie schlechte Materialbündelung, kaum aussagekräftige Analysen und fehlende Spezialistenzuordnungen sollen eliminiert werden. Dies erfordert klare Regularien und Automatismen im Materialanlageprozess sowie sortenreine Warengruppen.Um diese Ziele zu erreichen, werden verschiedene Prozessoptimierungsverfahren vorgestellt und auf ihre Eignung geprüft. Das Verfahren $(CPD)_nA$ wird als Pilotprojekt demonstriert und soll erste Schwierigkeiten, wie disharmonische Warengruppen, prototypenhaft bereinigen.Zum Ende der Studie wird eine Umseztungsempfehlung ausgesprochen und ein kurzes Fazit wiedergegeben.
Ring-Walking Mediated by Ni–Ni Species as a Vehicle for Enabling Dis-tal C(sp2)–H Functionalization of Aryl Pivalates
Authors: Martin Ruben , Odena Carlota , Gomez-Bengoa Enrique
Published: November 2023

Herein, we report the utilization of Ni-Ni species as a manifold for enabling a “ring-walking” event by a dynamic translocation of the metal center over the arene backbone. Experimental and computational studies support a translocation occurring via a 1,2-hydride shift. The synthetic applicability of the method is illustrated in a series of C–C bond for-mations that occur at distal C(sp2)–H sites of sim-ple aryl pivalates
From soft ionization mass spectrometry to “chemical bond” and resistance, semiconductor, superconductivity -- the law of charge motion in phase transition under weak electric field part Ⅱ
Authors: Luo Jiehong
Published: November 2023

The movement of charges in different states (phase transitions) such as gas, liquid, and solid under weak electric fields is of great significance for us to understand ion sources, mass spectrometers, electrophoresis, resistance, conductors, semiconductors, and superconducting phenomena.
Sam68 splicing regulation contributes to motor unit establishment in the postnatal skeletal muscle
Authors: De Paola Elisa , Forcina Laura , Pelosi Laura , Pisu Simona , La Rosa Piergiorgio , Cesari Eleonora , Nicoletti Carmine , Madaro Luca , Mercatelli Neri , Biamonte Filippo , Nobili Annalisa , D’Amelio Marcello , De Bardi Marco , Volpe Elisabetta , Caporossi Daniela , Sette Claudio , Musarò Antonio , Paronetto Maria Paola
Published: November 2023

RNA-binding proteins orchestrate the composite life of RNA molecules and impact most physiological processes, thus underlying complex phenotypes. The RNA-binding protein Sam68 regulates differentiation processes by modulating splicing, polyadenylation, and stability of select transcripts. Herein, we found thatSam68−/−mice display altered regulation of alternative splicing in the spinal cord of key target genes involved in synaptic functions. Analysis of the motor units revealed that Sam68 ablation impairs the establishment of neuromuscular junctions and causes progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Importantly, alterations of neuromuscular junction morphology and properties inSam68−/−mice correlate with defects in muscle and motor unit integrity.Sam68−/−muscles display defects in postnatal development, with manifest signs of atrophy. Furthermore, fast-twitch muscles inSam68−/−mice show structural features typical of slow-twitch muscles, suggesting alterations in the metabolic and functional properties of myofibers. Collectively, our data identify a key role for Sam68 in muscle development and suggest that proper establishment of motor units requires timely expression of synaptic splice variants.
Comprehensive evolutionary analysis and nomenclature of plant G3BPs
Authors: Abulfaraj Aala A , Ohyanagi Hajime , Goto Kosuke , Mineta Katsuhiko , Gojobori Takashi , Hirt Heribert , Rayapuram Naganand
Published: November 2023

Stress induces extensive reprogramming of mRNA metabolism, which includes the transcription and translation of stress-related genes and the formation of stress granules. RasGAP SH3 domain–binding proteins (G3BPs, also called Rasputins) form a highly conserved family of proteins found throughout eukaryotic evolution, which coordinate signal transduction and posttranscriptional gene regulation and play a key role in the formation of stress granules. G3BPs play a role in osmotic, oxidative, and biotic stress in mammals, and recent results revealed that they play similar functions in higher plants. Although simple eukaryotes such as yeast have only oneG3BPgene, higher plants show a massive expansion of theirG3BPgenes into distinct subfamilies. However, because this family of genes has not been well-characterized in plants, functions that have evolved during this expansion remain unidentified. Therefore, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of G3BPs in different eukaryotes, particularly focusing on the green lineage. On the basis of this evolutionary analysis of G3BPs in eukaryotes, we propose a uniform nomenclature for plant G3BPs that should help predict the evolutionary and functional diversification in this family.
Organization of skills upgrading using means of distance learning at the tertiary level
Authors: Rezvan Oksana , Ilienko Olena , Gusieva Ganna
Published: November 2023

The article notes that the problem of organization of professional development of teachers of higher educational institutions is related to the orientation of the higher education in Ukraine towards the European educational standards and is associated with the need for continuous professional development of the teaching staff at the tertiary level. Another factor is the necessity in actual professional reaction to the challenges brought about by the world pandemic and, as a result, digitalization of the basic social spheres and institutions, educational, in particular. The article provides the analysis and implementation of the world experience in organization of the process of educating and further professional development of teachers using contemporary educational online platforms. Based on modern research on the problem and taking into account the socio-economic requirements of the time, the main competences that determine the required level of the professional level of a teacher of the higher educational institution are determined. The article presents the experience of implementing upgrading skills programs for teachers of higher educational institutions using online platforms: trainings, webinars, master classes, participation in academic mobility programs, Master degree training programs which have been piloted at the universities of Kharkiv to develop certain competences.
An Analysis of Financial Distress Determinants in Indonesia's Micro and Small Enterprises
Authors: Marsenne Maureen , Ismail Tubagus , Taqi Muhamad , Hanifah Imam Abu
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study looks at the role of liquidity, leverage, and profitability in predicting the occurrence of financial distress at Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) sector companies registered at the Department of Cooperatives for Small and Medium Enterprises in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan, between 2019 and 2021.
 
Theoretical framework: Financial distress is defined as a situation in which a company's net profit (net income) for a given fiscal year is negative.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample determination technique employs purposeful sampling (purposive sampling method). A sample size of 31 Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) produced 29 companies between 2019 and 2021. In this study, the data is analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2019, and the hypothesis is tested with Logistic Regression Analysis with the program E-Views 10, at a level of significance of 5%.
 
Findings: The test results show that (1) liquidity expressed as CR has a significant influence on financial distress, (2) leverage expressed as DAR has no significant influence on financial distress, and (3) profitability expressed as ROA has a significant influence on financial distress.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: The Return On Assets (ROA) test results show that profitability (ROA) has a significant negative effect on the financial distress of MSEs from 2019 to 2021. As a result, the study's hypothesis has been proven.
 
Originality/Value:  The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and publication of this article.