bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 30-year dataset of CO2 in flowing freshwaters in the United States
Authors: Toavs Timothy R. , Hasler Caleb T. , Suski Cory D. , Midway Stephen R.
Published: January 2023

Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been linked to effects in a wide range of ecosystems and organisms, with negative effects of elevated CO2 documented for marine organisms. Less is known about the dynamics of CO2 in freshwaters, but the potential exists for freshwater organisms to be challenged by elevated CO2. In flowing freshwaters CO2 exhibits more variability than in lakes or the ocean, yet spatiotemporally extensive direct measures of CO2 in freshwater are rare. However, CO2 can be estimated from pH, temperature, and alkalinity—commonly collected water quality metrics. We used data from the National Water Quality Monitoring Council along with the program PHREEQC to estimate CO2 in flowing freshwaters across 35,000 sites spanning the lower 48 US states from 1990 through 2020. Site data for water chemistry measurements were spatially joined with the National Hydrology Dataset. Our resulting dataset, CDFLOW, presents an opportunity for researchers to add CO2 to their datasets for further investigation.
Chromosome-level haplotype-resolved genome assembly for Takifugu ocellatus using PacBio and Hi-C technologies
Authors: Zeng Qingmin , Zhou Zhixiong , He Qian , Li Leibin , Pu Fei , Yan Mengzhen , Xu Peng
Published: January 2023

Takifugu species serve as a model system for evolutionary studies due to their compact genomes and diverse phenotypes. The ocellated puffer (Takifugu ocellatus), characterized by special colouration, is a scarce anadromous species in the genus Takifugu. As an ornamental and tasty fish species, T. ocellatus has moderate economic value. However, the available genomic resources for this pufferfish are still limited. Here, a chromosome-level reference genome, as well as two haploid genomes, was constructed by PacBio HiFi long sequencing and Hi-C technologies. The total length of the reference genome was 375.62 Mb with a contig N50 of 11.55 Mb. The assembled sequences were anchored to 22 chromosomes with an integration efficiency of 93.78%. Furthermore, 28,808 protein-coding genes were predicted. The haplotype-resolved reference genome of T. ocellatus provides a crucial resource for investigating the explosive speciation of the Takifugu genus, such as elucidating evolutionary histories, determining the genetic basis of trait evolution, and supporting future conservation efforts.
Genotype-specific reference interval of haptoglobin tests in a Chinese population on the BN II System
Authors: Lei Daxin , Hu Saicong , Guo Miao , Wang Jia , Ma Xiaowei , Wang Fukun , He Zhengxin
Published: January 2023

The distribution of Haptoglobin (HP) subtypes differs according to race and geography. It was also confirmed that the serum HP concentration was substantially affected by the HP subtypes. This study aimed to investigate the HP subtypes in northern Chinese and to establish reference intervals for the major HP subtypes using the BN II system. 1195 individuals were included in the study, grouped by haptoglobin subtype, and tested for concentrations by BN II System. Analysis of reference range was performed according to the EP28-A3c guideline. The need to establish reference ranges for subtype, gender, and age groupings was confirmed by the Z-test. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were used as the upper and lower limits of the reference interval, respectively. In the population we investigated, the HP2-2 subtype had the highest proportion, accounting for 49.3%, followed by HP2-1 (38.0%), HP1-1 (7.2%). In addition, about 5.5% of individuals had HPdel-related subtypes. The concentrations of the major subtypes (HP1-1, HP2-1, HP2-2) were significantly different, and it was necessary to establish reference ranges by grouping according to the results of the Z-test. The reference intervals were as follows: HP1-1, 0.37–2.19 g/L; HP2-1, 0.38–2.12 g/L; HP2-2, 0.12–1.51 g/L. Significant differences in HP concentrations between genders and ages were found, however, it was not necessary to establish separate reference interval since the results of the Z-test was negative. We have established reference ranges of serum haptoglobin concentrations based on subtypes, which are necessary for the clinical application of haptoglobin.
Enhanced regional connectivity between western North American national parks will increase persistence of mammal species diversity
Authors: Newmark William D. , Halley John M. , Beier Paul , Cushman Samuel A. , McNeally Phoebe B. , Soulé Michael E.
Published: January 2023

Many protected areas worldwide increasingly resemble habitat isolates embedded in human-modified landscapes. However, establishing linkages among protected areas could significantly reduce species-loss rates. Here we present a novel method having broad applicability for assessing enhanced regional connectivity on persistence of mammal diversity. We combine theoretically-derived species relaxation rates for mammal communities with empirically-derived pathways. We assess the value of enhanced regional connectivity for two hypothetical networks of national parks in western North America: the Yellowstone-Glacier network and the Mount Rainier-North Cascades network. Linking the Yellowstone and Glacier park assemblages by eliminating barriers to movement in identified mammal dispersal pathways and by incorporating adjacent wilderness areas and known ungulate migratory routes into a protected area network would greatly enlarge available habitat. This would enhance medium to large mammal species persistence time by factor of 4.3, on average, or ~ 682 generations relative to individual parks. Similarly, linking Mount Rainier and North Cascades park assemblages would enhance mammal species persistence time by a factor of 4.3, on average, or ~305 generations relative to individual parks. Enhancing regional connectivity among western North America parks could serve as an important template for landscape-scale conservation in the 21st century.
SO3H-functionalized carbon fibers for the catalytic transformation of glycerol to glycerol tert-butyl ethers
Authors: Ptaszyńska Karolina , Malaika Anna , Kapska Magdalena , Kozłowski Mieczysław
Published: January 2023

Carbon fibers (CFs) of high quality were produced from hydrocarbons such as isobutane or ethylene using the catalytic chemical vapor deposition method (CCVD) and Ni catalyst. The as-prepared samples were functionalized with acidic groups using concentrated sulfuric acid or 4-benzenediazonium sulfonate (BDS) generated in situ from sulfanilic acid and sodium nitrite. The morphological features of the materials were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, whereas their physicochemical properties were characterized by means of elemental and textural analyses, thermogravimetric (TG) method, Raman spectroscopy, potentiometric back titration, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The obtained CFs were used as catalysts in glycerol etherification with tert-butyl alcohol at 110 °C under autogenous pressure. The BDS-modified CFs were particularly effective in the reaction, showing high glycerol conversions (of about 45–55% after 6 h) and substantial yields of mono- and di-glycerol ethers. It was found that the chemistry of the sample surface was crucial for the process. The high concentration of -SO3H groups decorating CFs boosted the formation of di- and tri-tert-butyl glycerol ethers. Surface oxygen functionalities also had a positive effect on the reaction, however, their impact on the catalytic performances of CFs was significantly weaker compared to that shown by -SO3H groups and it was probably due to the adsorption of reagents on the catalyst surface.
Generative hypergraph models and spectral embedding
Authors: Gong Xue , Higham Desmond J. , Zygalakis Konstantinos
Published: January 2023

Many complex systems involve interactions between more than two agents. Hypergraphs capture these higher-order interactions through hyperedges that may link more than two nodes. We consider the problem of embedding a hypergraph into low-dimensional Euclidean space so that most interactions are short-range. This embedding is relevant to many follow-on tasks, such as node reordering, clustering, and visualization. We focus on two spectral embedding algorithms customized to hypergraphs which recover linear and periodic structures respectively. In the periodic case, nodes are positioned on the unit circle. We show that the two spectral hypergraph embedding algorithms are associated with a new class of generative hypergraph models. These models generate hyperedges according to node positions in the embedded space and encourage short-range connections. They allow us to quantify the relative presence of periodic and linear structures in the data through maximum likelihood. They also improve the interpretability of node embedding and provide a metric for hyperedge prediction. We demonstrate the hypergraph embedding and follow-on tasks—including quantifying relative strength of structures, clustering and hyperedge prediction—on synthetic and real-world hypergraphs. We find that the hypergraph approach can outperform clustering algorithms that use only dyadic edges. We also compare several triadic edge prediction methods on high school and primary school contact hypergraphs where our algorithm improves upon benchmark methods when the amount of training data is limited.
A new method for identifying industrial clustering using the standard deviational ellipse
Authors: Zhao Ziwei , Zhao Zuoquan , Zhang Pei
Published: January 2023

Industrial agglomeration has attracted extensive attention from economists and geographers, yet it is still a challenge to identify the multi-agglomeration spatial structure and degree of industrial agglomeration in continuous space—there is still a lack of a more targeted industrial clustering method. The clustering method and the standard deviational ellipse (simply, ellipse) model have advantages in identifying the spatial structure and representing spatial information respectively. On this basis, we propose an ellipse-based approach to identifying industrial clusters. Our ellipse-based approach rests upon group nearest neighbor using the group-based nearest neighbor (GNN) ordering and spatial compactness matrix, where a number of point sequences with varying lengths, generated under the GNN ordering, are characterized by an ellipse and the elliptical parameters of these point sequences formulate the values and structure of the compactness matrix. Clustering is reformulated to identify ellipses with a specified parameter among a number of potential candidate ellipses, with significant changes (especially in the area) used as the cutoff criterion for determining the clusters’ border point. Our approach is illustrated in the location pattern of firms in Shanghai City, China in comparison with four well-known clustering methods. With the combination of elliptical parameters and spatial compactness, our approach may bring a new analytical ground for future industrial clustering research.
Semiconductor–metal transition in Bi2Se3 caused by impurity doping
Authors: Uchiyama Takaki , Goto Hidenori , Uesugi Eri , Takai Akihisa , Zhi Lei , Miura Akari , Hamao Shino , Eguchi Ritsuko , Ota Hiromi , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Fujiwara Akihiko , Matsui Fumihiko , Kimura Koji , Hayashi Kouichi , Ueno Teppei , Kobayashi Kaya , Akimitsu Jun , Kubozono Yoshihiro
Published: January 2023

Doping a typical topological insulator, Bi2Se3, with Ag impurity causes a semiconductor–metal (S-M) transition at 35 K. To deepen the understanding of this phenomenon, structural and transport properties of Ag-doped Bi2Se3 were studied. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) showed no structural transitions but slight shrinkage of the lattice, indicating no structural origin of the transition. To better understand electronic properties of Ag-doped Bi2Se3, extended analyses of Hall effect and electric-field effect were carried out. Hall effect measurements revealed that the reduction of resistance was accompanied by increases in not only carrier density but carrier mobility. The field-effect mobility is different for positive and negative gate voltages, indicating that the EF is located at around the bottom of the bulk conduction band (BCB) and that the carrier mobility in the bulk is larger than that at the bottom surface at all temperatures. The pinning of the EF at the BCB is found to be a key issue to induce the S-M transition, because the transition can be caused by depinning of the EF or the crossover between the bulk and the top surface transport.
Predicting efficacy of drug-carrier nanoparticle designs for cancer treatment: a machine learning-based solution
Authors: Kibria Md Raisul , Akbar Refo Ilmiya , Nidadavolu Poonam , Havryliuk Oksana , Lafond Sébastien , Azimi Sepinoud
Published: January 2023

Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations are very effective in the discovery of nanomedicines for treating cancer, but these are computationally expensive and time-consuming. Existing studies integrating machine learning (ML) into MD simulation to enhance the process and enable efficient analysis cannot provide direct insights without the complete simulation. In this study, we present an ML-based approach for predicting the solvent accessible surface area (SASA) of a nanoparticle (NP), denoting its efficacy, from a fraction of the MD simulations data. The proposed framework uses a time series model for simulating the MD, resulting in an intermediate state, and a second model to calculate the SASA in that state. Empirically, the solution can predict the SASA value 260 timesteps ahead 7.5 times faster with a very low average error of 1956.93. We also introduce the use of an explainability technique to validate the predictions. This work can reduce the computational expense of both processing and data size greatly while providing reliable solutions for the nanomedicine design process.
Effect of type 2 diabetes on liver images of GD-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI during the hepatobiliary phase
Authors: Zhang Wen-Yu , Sun Hao-Yang , Zhang Wen-Long , Feng Rui
Published: January 2023

To analyze alterations of the liver appearance during the hepatobiliary phase of individuals with type 2 diabetes who are receiving gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fifty-seven individuals who received Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and had normal liver and renal function but did not have (control group) or have type 2 diabetes (observation group) were retrospectively included in this study. The liver enhancement ratio (LER) and contrast between liver parenchyma and portal vein (LPC) were calculated from hepatobiliary phase images. Utilizing liver to kidney signal intensity, signs of the biliary system, and signs of the portal vein, a functional liver imaging score (FLIS) was calculated. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to assess the between-group differences in LER, LPC, and FLIS. FLIS constituent ratios between the two groups were tested using the χ2 test. The effectiveness of LER, LPC, and FLIS for identifying type 2 diabetes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs). The interobserver consistency of FLIS was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficients. The observation group’s LER and LPC were lower than the control group. The constituent ratio of the FLIS score (liver to kidney signal intensity, p = 0.011) showed a significant between-group difference. According to ROCs, LER and LPC were associated with the identification of type 2 diabetes. LER = 0.54 and LPC = 1.46 were the optimal cutoff for identifying type 2 diabetes, respectively. FLIS demonstrated excellent inter-reader agreement. The relative signal intensity of the liver during the hepatobiliary phase is decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes. This should be considered when individuals with type 2 diabetes undergo Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI to avoid misdiagnoses, such as small hepatocellular carcinoma or abnormal liver function.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and mortality before and after the Women’s Health Initiative study
Authors: Johansen Laura Løkkegaard , Thinggaard Mikael , Hallas Jesper , Osler Merete , Christensen Kaare
Published: January 2023

Weighing risks and benefits of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) has proven a balancing act. We aimed to investigate the association between HT and mortality before and after the 2002 publication from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study. This publication found that the risk of using HT outweighted the benefits, and thus it caused a marked reduction in systemic HT user prevalence. The 2002 WHI publication may also have caused a change in the subsequent HT user profile, as HT is no longer recommended in the prevention of chronic diseases. This cohort study included two populations followed from 1995: A 5% random sample of female singletons from the Danish general population (n = 52,388) and a sample of Danish female twins (n = 15,261). HT use was evaluated in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010. The association between HT, education, and mortality was investigated and controlled for potential unobserved familial confounding in a within-pair analysis. Singletons aged 56–75 using systemic HT in 2000 had a lower mortality compared to non-users (hazard ratio (HR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.89). In 2005, the mortality was like that of the background population for this age group (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.94–1.11). Recently postmenopausal twins showed a similar tendency. Systemic HT users, who had switched to local HT by 2005, had a substantially lower mortality than non-users (HR ranging from 0.42 to 0.67 depending on age group). In conclusion, we found that the prevalence of systemic HT use declined after 2002, and systemic HT users’ mortality changed from lower before 2002 to similar to that of the background population after 2002. This indicates that the healthiest users decided to either drop systemic HT or switcted to local HT, as recommendations changed following the WHI publication.
Predator-mediated diversity of stream fish assemblages in a boreal river basin, China
Authors: Zhang Jinrui , Yang Haitao , Ma Mengdi , Pu Tongxiao , Yin Xuwang
Published: January 2023

Predator–prey interactions are critical for understanding species composition and community assembly; however, there is still limited research on whether and how the prey species composition or community assembly in natural communities are mediated by predators. To address this question, we performed a field investigation to examine the influence of the presence of Lutra lutra on the diversity of fish communities of the Hunchun River Basin, Jilin Province, China. Our results indicate that L. lutra, as a potential umbrella species and generalist predator in the stream ecosystem, promotes the coexistence of a vast variety of fish taxa, which emphasizes the importance of top-down control in the ecological community. We suggest that L. lutra regulates the fish community assembly likely through the stochastic process. Although this was a pilot study regarding predator–prey interactions, the results highlight the effects of predators on the prey community assembly, and emphasize the role of predators on the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. Future conservation decisions involving ecosystem biodiversity should require the inclusion of predation intensity. The inclusion of scientific research and protection of umbrella species would thus constitute an additional and important step in biodiversity conservation.
Cell types and synchronous-activity patterns of inspiratory neurons in the preBötzinger complex of mouse medullary slices during early postnatal development
Authors: Oke Yoshihiko , Miwakeichi Fumikazu , Oku Yoshitaka , Hirrlinger Johannes , Hülsmann Swen
Published: January 2023

To examine whether and how the inspiratory neuronal network in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC) develops during the early postnatal period, we quantified the composition of the population of inspiratory neurons between postnatal day 1 (p1) and p10 by applying calcium imaging to medullary transverse slices in double-transgenic mice expressing fluorescent marker proteins. We found that putative excitatory and glycinergic neurons formed a majority of the population of inspiratory neurons, and the composition rates of these two inspiratory neurons inverted at p5–6. We also found that the activity patterns of these two types of inspiratory neurons became significantly well-synchronized with the inspiratory rhythmic bursting pattern in the preBötC within the first postnatal week. GABAergic and GABA-glycine cotransmitting inspiratory neurons formed only a small population just after birth, which almost disappeared until p10. In conclusion, the inspiratory neuronal network in the preBötC matures at the level of both neuronal population and neuronal activities during early postnatal development.
Evolution of the strength characteristics of briquette and raw coal containing fluid
Authors: Zhang Feiyan , Niu Chen , Han Ying
Published: January 2023

The mechanical properties of coal containing fluid are an important factor affecting the safe mining of soft coal seams. In particular, for class III–V coal, coal and gas outbursts and other dynamic phenomena are prone to occur due to the influences of gas pressure and groundwater, which seriously threaten the safety and lives of field workers. However, briquette samples are usually used in place of raw coal in laboratory tests conducted on class III–V coal samples. Whether the research conclusions for briquette and raw coal are consistent and whether briquette coal can replace raw coal in research on strength characteristics need to be further verified. In this paper, the evolution of the strength characteristics of fluid-bearing briquette coal and raw coal is studied. The strength characteristics, instability failure characteristics, and acoustic emission characteristics of raw coal and briquette coal under uniaxial and triaxial compression are analyzed in detail. In addition, the influence of the water content and pore pressure on the strength characteristics of class III–V raw coal and briquette coal is further studied. The results show that the failure characteristic of raw coal is overall brittle failure, mainly axial splitting failure, whereas that of briquette is overall ductile failure, mainly cone-shaped continuous spalling. The strength parameters of the raw coal and briquette coal improve under confining pressure, but the internal difference in the raw coal is significantly reduced. The cohesion of the raw coal sample initially increases and then decreases with increasing water content, and the internal friction angle increases with increasing water content. In addition, it is verified that the strength, cohesion, elastic modulus, and deformation modulus of the briquette decrease with increasing pore pressure under different pore pressures, but the strength difference of the class III–V coal decreases under increasing pore pressure. Based on the abovementioned results, the strength parameters of a coal body are estimated using the Hoek–Brown (H–B) criterion. Based on a comparison of the strength parameters of the coal sample and coal body, the estimated strength parameters of the coal body are closer to the actual values on site.
Spatiotemporal biocontrol and rhizosphere microbiome analysis of Fusarium wilt of banana
Authors: Zhu Zhiyan , Wu Guiyun , Deng Rufang , Hu Xiaoying , Tan Haibo , Chen Yaping , Tian Zhihong , Li Jianxiong
Published: January 2023

The soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) causes Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), which devastates banana production worldwide. Biocontrol is considered to be the most efficient approach to reducing FWB. Here we introduce an approach that spatiotemporally applies Piriformospore indica and Streptomyces morookaensis strains according to their respective strength to increase biocontrol efficacy of FWB. P. indica successfully colonizes banana roots, promotes lateral root formation, inhibits Foc TR4 growth inside the banana plants and reduces FWB. S. morookaensis strain Sm4-1986 secretes different secondary compounds, of which xerucitrinin A (XcA) and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6-PP) show the strongest anti-Foc TR4 activity. XcA chelates iron, an essential nutrient in pathogen-plant interaction that determines the output of FWB. 6-PP, a volatile organic compound, inhibits Foc TR4 germination and promotes banana growth. Biocontrol trials in the field demonstrated that application of S. morookaensis lead to improvement of soil properties and increase of rhizosphere-associated microbes that are beneficial to banana growth, which significantly reduces disease incidence of FWB. Our study suggests that optimal utilization of the two biocontrol strains increases efficacy of biocontrol and that regulating iron accessibility in the rhizosphere is a promising strategy to control FWB.
A binary interaction map between turnip mosaic virus and Arabidopsis thaliana proteomes
Authors: Martínez Fernando , Carrasco José L. , Toft Christina , Hillung Julia , Giménez-Santamarina Silvia , Yenush Lynne , Rodrigo Guillermo , Elena Santiago F.
Published: January 2023

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that have co-evolved with their hosts to establish an intricate network of protein–protein interactions. Here, we followed a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening to identify 378 novel protein–protein interactions between turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and its natural hostArabidopsis thaliana. We identified the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NIb as the viral protein with the largest number of contacts, including key salicylic acid-dependent transcription regulators. We verified a subset of 25 interactionsin plantaby bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. We then constructed and analyzed a network comprising 399 TuMV-A. thalianainteractions together with intravirus and intrahost connections. In particular, we found that the host proteins targeted by TuMV are enriched in different aspects of plant responses to infections, are more connected and have an increased capacity to spread information throughout the cell proteome, display higher expression levels, and have been subject to stronger purifying selection than expected by chance. The proviral or antiviral role of ten host proteins was validated by characterizing the infection dynamics in the corresponding mutant plants, supporting a proviral role for the transcriptional regulator TGA1. Comparison with similar studies with animal viruses, highlights shared fundamental features in their mode of action.
Synthesis of ethane-disulfonate pillared layered cobalt hydroxide towards the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Liang Jianbo , Zu Hang , Si Huiling , Ma Yanhong , Li Mengyao
Published: January 2023

Layered cobalt hydroxide comprising octahedrally and tetrahedrally coordinated Co(ii) at a ratio of 5 : 2 was synthesized to promote the oxygen evolution reaction.
Synthesis and molecular structural studies of racemic chiral-at-vanadium(v) complexes using an unsymmetric achiral phenolic bidentate ligand
Authors: Nagata Koichi , Hino Ayako , Ube Hitoshi , Sato Hiroyasu , Shionoya Mitsuhiko
Published: January 2023

We report experimental data and theoretical analyses of the synthesis, structure, and properties of racemic tetrahedral “chiral-at-vanadium(v)” complexes with an unsymmetrical achiral phenolic bidentate ligand.
p-Synephrine ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via suppressing the NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways
Authors: Wang Ya-Li , Lin Song-Xia , Wang Yuan , Liang Tao , Jiang Tao , Liu Peng , Li Xiao-Yi , Lang Deng-Qin , Liu Qiang , Shen Chun-Yan
Published: January 2023

p-Synephrine has been popularly used as a dietary supplement for weight loss. This study showed that p-synephrine treatment prevented diabetes mellitus by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via suppressing the NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways.
Plasma extracellular vesicles microRNA-208b-3p and microRNA-143-3p as novel biomarkers for sudden cardiac death prediction in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Huang Shuainan , Zhang Jiahui , Wan Hua , Wang Kang , Wu Jiayi , Cao Yue , Hu Li , Yu Yanfang , Sun Hao , Yu Youjia , Wang Jie , Chen Feng
Published: January 2023

In EVs derived from plasma of acute coronary syndrome patients experiencing SCD, miR-208b-3p and miR-143-3p were significantly upregulated and ultimately identified as reliable biomarkers for the prediction of SCD.
A facile route to Janus nanorods via redox-assisted ripening
Authors: Sun Yiwei , Wang Dongfu , Wu Zhouling , Huang Jie , Chen Hongyu , Liu Xueyang
Published: January 2023

In the synthesis of Janus Ag nanorods, Ag promotes the reaction between HQ and oxygen and at the same time, and the redox reaction provides an additional driving force for oxidative dissolution and reductive deposition.
Tetrasodium EDTA for the prevention of urinary catheter infections and blockages
Authors: Moore Jessica V. , Kim Doyoung , Irwin Nicola J. , Rimer Jeffrey D. , McCoy Colin P.
Published: January 2023

Tetrasodium EDTA is an effective chelating agent that prevents struvite crystallisation in P. mirabilis-infected artificial urine, allowing catheters exposed to low tEDTA concentrations to remain unblocked after 168 h.
26.48% efficient and stable FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells employing SrCu2O2 as hole transport layer
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Shahzaib Muhammad , Jan Shayan Tariq , Shah Syed Nasir , Khan Adnan Daud
Published: January 2023

The effect of carbon and copper based charge transport layers on the behavior and performance of FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells was investigated with SrCu2O2/FAPbI3/PCBM structure outperforming others and achieving 26.48% efficiency.
Rationally tailored redox ability of Sn/γ-Al2O3 with Ag for enhancing the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with propene
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Tiantian , Wu Zuliang , Li Jing , Wang Wei , Zhu Jiali , Yao Shuiliang , Gao Erhao
Published: January 2023

HC-SCR is a more attractive approach for removing NOx from lean-burn diesel engines compared with NH3-SCR. The novel SnAg/γ-Al2O3 catalyst exhibit excellent C3H6-SCR activity, due to the optimized redox ability and enriched hydroxyl groups.
From amorphous to crystalline: a universal strategy for structure regulation of high-entropy transition metal oxides
Authors: Lai Dawei , Ling Li , Su Mengfei , Kang Qiaoling , Gao Feng , Lu Qingyi
Published: January 2023

A universal amorphous-to-crystalline transformation strategy is developed, and the synthesis and structure regulation of high entropy metal oxide is simultaneously achieved with the structure controlled from solid, to core–shell, to hollow spheres.
CRIRES+ on sky at the ESO Very Large Telescope
Authors: Dorn R. J. , Bristow P. , Smoker J. V. , Rodler F. , Lavail A. , Accardo M. , van den Ancker M. , Baade D. , Baruffolo A. , Courtney-Barrer B. , Blanco L. , Brucalassi A. , Cumani C. , Follert R. , Haimerl A. , Hatzes A. , Haug M. , Heiter U. , Hinterschuster R. , Hubin N. , Ives D. J. , Jung Y. , Jones M. , Kaeufl H.-U. , Kirchbauer J.-P. , Klein B. , Kochukhov O. , Korhonen H. H. , Köhler J. , Lizon J-L. , Moins C. , Molina-Conde I. , Marquart T. , Neeser M. , Oliva E. , Pallanca L. , Pasquini L. , Paufique J. , Piskunov N. , Reiners A. , Schneller D. , Schmutzer R. , Seemann U. , Slumstrup D. , Smette A. , Stegmeier J. , Stempels E. , Tordo S. , Valenti E. , Valenzuela J. J. , Vernet J. , Vinther J. , Wehrhahn A.
Published: January 2023

The CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES) Upgrade project CRIRES+ extended the capabilities of CRIRES. It transformed this VLT instrument into a cross-dispersed spectrograph to increase the wavelength range that is covered simultaneously by up to a factor of ten. In addition, a new detector focal plane array of three Hawaii 2RG detectors with a 5.3 μm cutoff wavelength replaced the existing detectors. Amongst many other improvements, a new spectropolarimetric unit was added and the calibration system has been enhanced. The instrument was installed at the VLT on Unit Telescope 3 at the beginning of 2020 and successfully commissioned and verified for science operations during 2021, partly remotely from Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The instrument was subsequently offered to the community from October 2021 onwards. This article describes the performance and capabilities of the upgraded instrument and presents on sky results.
Cylinder aeroacoustics: experimental study of the influence of cross-section shape on spanwise coherence length
Authors: Margnat Florent , Gonçalves da Silva Pinto Wagner J. , Noûs Camille
Published: January 2023

New data and review of the spanwise coherence length is provided for flows over cylinders of different cross-sections: circular of diameter d, and rectangular of sectional aspect ratios (breadth (b) to height (d) ratio AR = b/d) of 1, 2 and 3. In the present measurements, the body has both d and spanwise length of 70d fixed, and the Reynolds number (based on d) range 6000–27,000 is covered. Two-point data are obtained from two hot-wire probes, one fixed in the symmetry plane and the other moving on the corresponding spanwise axis. Their position in a cross plane are deduced from preliminary measurement of the mean flow with a single probe, allowing fair comparisons between the different geometries and the introduction of uncertainty bars on coherence length values. At all tested regimes, a very good agreement is noticed between velocity-based and pressure-based coherence experimental data. Coherence length definitions are revisited, and the aeroacoustically consistent, integral length definition is selected, allowing fair synthesis of literature data into a single chart and empirical functions. Definitions for coherence decay models (e.g. Gaussian or Laplacian) are also adapted so that coherence length and coherence integral shall be equivalent. This preliminary work on coherence data and its spanwise integration enables transparent regressions and model selection. Generally, the Gaussian model is relevant for the lift peak, while the coherence exhibits a Laplacian decay at harmonics. On average, at peak Strouhal number, the coherence length for the circular and square cylinders is of 5d while it is of the order of 15d for the rectangular sections. It is concluded that the flow over those latter geometries is still a two-dimensional dynamics at the tone frequency. These values are almost preserved over the tested Reynolds number range. Coherence length value at harmonics is extensively documented. Spanwise coherence length is also discussed as an ingredient of acoustic efficiency.
On the stability of strong-stability-preserving modified Patankar–Runge–Kutta schemes
Authors: Huang Juntao , Izgin Thomas , Kopecz Stefan , Meister Andreas , Shu Chi-Wang
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we perform a stability analysis for classes of second and third order accurate strong-stability-preserving modified Patankar–Runge–Kutta (SSPMPRK) schemes, which were introduced in Huang and Shu [J. Sci. Comput. 78 (2019) 1811–1839] and Huang et al. [J. Sci. Comput. 79 (2019) 1015–1056] and can be used to solve convection equations with stiff source terms, such as reactive Euler equations, with guaranteed positivity under the standard CFL condition due to the convection terms only. The analysis allows us to identify the range of free parameters in these SSPMPRK schemes in order to ensure stability. Numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the validity of the analysis.
Economic comparison of cool and grey roofs of a small office building in the USA
Authors: Wang Zixin
Published: January 2023

EnergyPlus V9.0 simulations of a typical small office building prototype in five USA cities (Albuquerque, Atlanta, Buffalo, San Diego, Rochester) indicate that adding a cool roof (albedo 0.6) for an aged grey roof (albedo 0.2) would reduce the annual energy and annual energy cost in all hot dry or humid cities (Albuquerque, Atlanta, San Diego) and in severe cold or mixed humid cities (Buffalo, Rochester). The CO2, SO2, and NOX savings are positive in all selected cities. This work considers the economics of using cool roofs of an office building in the USA by performing a 20-year life-cycle cost analysis that compares each type of roof to a grey roof. The 20-year net present values (NPVs) of annual conditioning (heating + cooling) energy cost savings were calculated. The life cycle cost savings (NPV of annual streams – initial cost premium) of cool roofs have both positive and negative values. The NPV with the cool roofs is from -17.3 USD/m2 in Rochester to 6.5 USD/m2 in San Diego. Among the five cities in the USA, Albuquerque, Atlanta, and San Diego were able to apply the cool roofs since they all have positive NPV, while Buffalo and Rochester were unsuitable to apply the cool roofs methods because of the negative NPV. Owners concerned with urban heat island mitigation and slowing climate change may prefer cool roofs
The Reform of Human Resource System in the Public Sector under the New Public Management System
Authors: Shi Shuyu
Published: January 2023

The work presented in this paper focuses on New Public Management (NPM) and the public human resource management system. New Public Management (NPM), which has been used in the West for a number of years, is currently being implemented in China to manage various government departments. China is aware of the benefits that NPM may bring to the management of the government. In the context of New Public Management, departments of public human resources will also need to undergo transformations in order to improve talent management and recruitment efforts. This paper identifies the problems with public sector human resource management, including but not limited to the following: the focus of Chinese public sector personnel on achieving public sector goals at the expense of personal goals; the unfairness of recruitment principles due to human relations, which is not conducive to the rational allocation of talent and leads to brain drain; and the outdated management style, problematic promotion system, and inadequate incentives in China's public administration. Increasing the effectiveness of the performance evaluation process is one way to solve these shortcomings. These deficiencies can be rectified by enhancing the performance appraisal mechanism, establishing a flexible system for workers, and aiming for maximum efficiency in order to improve the difficulties in the public sector. This paper offers some references for the improvement of talent management in public organizations.
The Influence of Consumer Motivation on Satisfaction in the Field of Co-branding - Take Food Brands for Example
Authors: Tian Zimo
Published: January 2023

Following the development of co-branding and the emergence of the co-branded product boom, many consumers are choosing to buy their favorite co-branded products. Among them, co-branded food products occupy a large share of the market. However, the rapid development of co-branded products has also given rise to many problems, such as the mismatched positioning of the two co-branded enterprises and the poor quality of their products, all of which seriously affect consumers' purchase motivation and satisfaction as well as the development of the co-branded enterprises. Against this background, this paper presents a quantitative analysis of consumer motivation, purchasing psychology and satisfaction, and reviews three aspects of co-branded food purchasing motivation, satisfaction analysis, and ways to improve consumer satisfaction. This paper reflects the research findings in this field, the reality and the problems to be addressed. Taking co-branded food products as an example, this paper analyzes the relevant factors affecting consumer motivation and satisfaction of co-branded food products by studying theories related to co-branding model, consumer motivation and satisfaction, and combining the results of questionnaire research with relevant theories and charts. It also proposes systematic suggestions for raising consumer motivation and satisfaction to help enterprises stand out in the face of fierce competition.
Evaluation of Tourism Climate Resources in Taishan Scenic Spot
Authors: Li Wanzhen , Chen Xiaofeng
Published: January 2023

Climate resources is a very important resource affecting tourism, is the main reference factor for people to go to tourist attractions. The routine evaluation of climate comfort index, including temperature and humidity index, cold index, clothing index, comprehensive comfort index, and climate tourism climate index, establish the linear regression equation and the tourism climate index and linear regression equation, evaluate the tourism climate resources of mount tai scenic spot in Shandong province. The analysis results show that the suitable period of Taishan is March to November, among which April to October is the best suitable travel period, Taishan scenic area in April and October, May to September tourism comfort is better, and January, February and December are not suitable for travel.
Understanding Enterprise Risk Management of the Retail Industry During the Pandemic-Case Study of Walmart
Authors: Zhang Dini
Published: January 2023

Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is critical for companies operating in the global retail industry in order to achieve their expected long-run values. As a holistic, top-down approach to managing the risk, ERM can bring valuable insights into how companies operating in the global retail industry make agile responses to shifting consumer demand and product supply. We look at specifically how ERM strategies helped Walmart during the Pandemic, especially in the early phase.
Research on the Function and Orientation of State-owned Power Grid Enterprises Serving the Modernization of National Governance
Authors: Cheng Jiaxu , Li Wenqing , Li Haolan
Published: January 2023

The modernization of national governance system requires State-owned power grid enterprises to fully fulfil the three major responsibilities of politics, economy and society. This paper discusses the specific roles that the power grid enterprises should play in the modernization of national governance. It is to help build a modern economic system, promote the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, ensure and improve people's livelihood, and support government governance.
Research on the New Round of Individual Income Tax Policy Reform
Authors: Qu Jing
Published: January 2023

In order to analyze the reform effect of individual income tax policy in 2018, the income redistribution effect of various individual income tax collection schemes is compared through the tracking survey data of China Family Panel Studies. The research shows that the personal income tax reform has reduced the tax burden of taxpayers on the whole. Among the four reform measures, only the implementation of comprehensive income tax has a positive effect on the distribution effect. As the main beneficiaries are mainly high-income people, this round of reform has weakened the redistribution effect on residents’ income. Therefore, measures such as adhering to the direction of comprehensive taxation, prudently reforming the basic reduction of fees and tax rates, subsidizing low-income people and strengthening the supervision of high-income people will help to enhance the redistribution effect of individual income tax.
Development Strategy Analysis of Cold Chain Logistics of Fresh Agricultural Products under the Background of Low-carbon Economy
Authors: Hou Rongzeng , Li Guangpeng , Chen Peng
Published: January 2023

In the context of global warming, the "low-carbon economy" based on low energy consumption and low pollution has become a global issue. Cold chain logistics has entered a period of rapid development driven by fresh consumption demand, and low-carbon logistics has become one of the important measures for the whole industry to adapt to the development of low-carbon economy. This paper analyzes the connotation and characteristics of cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products, and analyzes the characteristics of transport links. The present situation of cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products is summarized, the current working mode and main problems of cold chain logistics of agricultural products in China are clarified, and the main countermeasures for the development of cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products are put forward.
A Study on the Measurement of the High-quality Development Level of Xiamen's Cultural Tourism Economy
Authors: Zhang Qingying , Wei Min
Published: January 2023

The demand for high-quality products and core technologies in economic transformation and upgrading is growing, and the improvement of residents' living standards also promotes the demand for high-end living products. Restricted by the development level of domestic related industries, these demands have not been well met, resulting in imbalance between supply and demand. This topic measures the high-quality development level of Xiamen's cultural tourism economy, analyzes its development status, compares and draws on the experience of cultural tourism economic development in other regions at home and abroad, and looks for the cultivation path of new growth points of Xiamen's cultural tourism economy, so as to lay a foundation for Xiamen to transform its resource advantages into economic advantages.
Research on the Development of Home Care Industry Based on Porter's Diamond Theory – Take Tianjin as an example
Authors: Zhang Bai
Published: January 2023

With the continuous reduction of household size, the increase of empty nest families of the elderly, and the weakening of family development ability and anti-risk ability, it is predicted that by 2025, the proportion of people aged 60 and above and those aged 65 and above in the permanent population of Tianjin will reach 24.66% and 17.35% respectively. The acceleration of the aging population in Tianjin has put forward higher requirements for the development of the elderly care industry. Meanwhile, The State Council issued Several Opinions on Comprehensively Opening the Elderly Care Service Market and Improving the Quality of Elderly Care Service on December 26, 2016. Based on this background, this paper uses Porter's diamond theory to introduce the development of home-based care industry in Tianjin from five aspects: resource elements, demand conditions, auxiliary industries, government functions and main opportunities, and finds that there are problems such as insufficient basic investment and lack of professional nursing talents in the development of the elderly care industry in Tianjin. Combined with the current information development level and policy background, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as focusing on the training of professional nursing staff, correctly weighing the relationship between the government and the market, optimizing the environment for private investment in home care industry.