bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Targeted Drugs for Non-Small Cell NSCLC with PD-1PD-L1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cao Xinran
Published: November 2023

Objective: To study the biological function and clinical significance of PD-1/PD-L1 representation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the representation and correlation of PD-1/PD-L1 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC. Methods: The pathological specimens and clinical data of 108 patients with NSCLC were collected. The representation of PD-1/PD-L1 was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the representation of EGFR was detected by PCR. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between PD-1/PD-L1 and EGFR. Results: The representations of PD-L1 and PD-1 in NSCLC tissues were higher than those in normal lung tissues (P<0.05), and the positive rates were 53.70% and 55.56% respectively, which were related to lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05). Conclusion: The risk of EGFR mutation in NSCLC patients is high, which is closely related to the positive of PD1/PD-L1. PD1/PD-L1 can be used as a predictor of EGFR mutation.
The Application of Organoids in the Research of Skeletal Diseases: Current Status and Prospects
Authors: Wu Jianjun , Yang Zhijie , Yang BinBin , Huang Hongxing
Published: November 2023

Organoids, which are clumps of cells formed after in vitro 3D culture utilizing autologous tissue and stem cells, possess the 3D structure and corresponding functional and genetic features of the original tissue and organ. This model has immense potential in modeling the ontogeny of specific organismal organs, as well as in drug screening and studying molecular mechanisms. The newly developed concept of bone organoids, a special type of complex hard tissues that can be created in vitro using tissue engineering 3D culture technology, mimics the complex biological functions of bone tissue in vivo. These bone organoids are highly useful in elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of bone regeneration, screening tissue engineering materials, and promoting bone regeneration and repair. They offer promising applications in bone regeneration research.
Research on Symptomatic Treatment Decision Support System Based on Natural Language Process (NLP) for Medication Guidance
Authors: Liu Jianying , Jiang Tao
Published: November 2023

This study is to test the technologies related to natural language processing (NLP) and text analysis to solve the problem of symptom analysis and symptomatic treatment for healthcare workers and patients after large-scale outbreaks of infectious diseases. Using the keyword extraction tool based on NLP technology combined with text analysis, the symptom description of the infected population obtained from the questionnaire survey was analyzed, and the efficacy of the symptomatic treatment drug was analyzed, and finally a pre-experimental system of online symptomatic treatment support drug selection system was produced. Through natural language processing (NLP) and text analysis of the symptoms of infected people, we found that high-frequency symptoms were mainly reflected in: nasal congestion, sore throat, fever and other high-frequency keywords, and through the analysis of alternative drug libraries, we also found that the drugs were mainly concentrated in: cold medicines, antipyretic drugs,and traditional Chinese medicines. In the early stage of infectious disease outbreak, it is difficult to use the existing drug library to make a prompt system under the premise of insufficient data collection, and a relatively complete symptomatic treatment support medication system can be formed after accumulating certain samples.
Study on the Prediction Model of Wound Infection After Spinal Fusion and Internal Fixation Based on Logistic Regression
Authors: Wang Chunling , Miao Cuicui
Published: November 2023

With the development of the times, spinal problems are not only one of the diseases that older people pay close attention to, but also gradually spread among teenagers. Therefore, it is very important to predict the possibility of wound infection in patients after spinal fusion and internal fixation. The method is to statistically analyze the clinical data of patients with clinical spinal disease, and to propose individualized treatment and recovery plan for each patient’s pathological characteristics and postoperative recovery, so as to realize humanized service and minimize the possibility of wound infection. In this paper, Logistic logistic regression, SMOTE algorithm and confusion matrix are used to model the probability of infection after spinal fusion and internal fixation. In the positive confirmation analysis part, the information data of 449 clinical cases were selected for analysis, and 14 variables such as gender, age, number of internal fusion fixation segments, past medical history, intraoperative blood transfusion and bleeding volume were selected as research indicators to explore the related factors of postoperative infection. The classification method adopts two classifications. The two types of data are ‘postoperative infection’ and ‘postoperative non-infection’. In the statistical description of the data, it is found that age, selection of internal fusion fixation segments, preoperative hospitalization days, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and preoperative ASA score are all important factors affecting the incidence of postoperative infection.
Antioxidant Capacity of Eugenol and Its Effect on Intestinal Flora Under in Vitro Simulated Conditions
Authors: Dai Jinshan
Published: November 2023

In northern China, clove is a common plant. Its extracted eugenol exhibits a variety of biological properties, including antioxidant and antibacterial effects. This study looked at eugenol’s antioxidant potential and its impact on the flora in the intestinal tract of humans. Eugenol’s ability to scavenge superoxide anions and 2,2-biphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, as well as its impact on the growth of common intestinal bacteria Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli, were studied at various eugenol concentrations. The results showed that different optimal antioxidant concentrations of eugenol existed for different free radicals, and the optimal antioxidant concentrations for DPPH and superoxide anion were 0.16 μL/mL and 0.04 μL/mL, respectively. Low concentrations of eugenol had no significant inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus but a significant inhibitory effect on E. coli. This research is anticipated to offer a theoretical reference for the use of eugenol in specialized dietary food applications.
Effects of Steaming Treatment on the Effective Components and Efficacy in Vitro of Ginseng Flowers
Authors: Fu Yu , Zhang Kexin , Yao Junhao , Zhang Xinxi , Yang Yantong , Chen Yanbai , Wang Jiaye , Fan Meiling , Li Guanhao , Cui Fushun
Published: November 2023

The effective composition, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and bile binding ability of Ginseng flowers after different steaming times were studied. The results showed that different steaming times affected the effective components of ginseng flower, the content of polysaccharide and total saponins reached the highest when steaming for 5 times, the total flavonoids and phenol increased with the times of steaming. Steaming treatment significantly induced the ability of antioxidant and inhibition of α-amylase; but reduced the inhibition of α-glucosidase and cholate binding ability. Steaming treatment improved the effective content of ginseng flower and facilitate the production of low polar saponins; steaming changes the composition of ginsenoside.
In Vitro Biological Activity and Primary Structure of Polysaccharide Extracted from Flower of Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Gong Yashu , Fu Yu , Yao Junhao , Tian Xinyu , Hao Yuge , Jin Qing , Li Guanhao , Li Xiangguo , Cui Fushun
Published: November 2023

This study investigates how three different extraction methods impact the biological activity and structure characteristics of polysaccharides from the flower of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The three polysaccharides were named AHEP, DWEP and ANEP that extracted by acid solvent (HCL 0.01 mol/L), distilled water and alkali solvent (NaOH 0.01 mol/L) respectively. The results showed that the yield of ANEP was highest compared to the others, as well as the capacity of antioxidant, cholate-binding and inhibition to α-glucosidase were better than AHEP and DWEP (P<0.05). Moreover, the activity retention rate in vitro with simulated digestion demonstrated that ANEP were superior to AHEP and DWEP. The large components, nominated ANEP-1 and ANEP-2, were eluted from the ANEP by DEAE-52-cellulose. UV-Vis and FT-IR analysis demonstrated that ANEP-1 and ANEP-2 had typical characteristic absorption of proteoglycan, but SEM results showed that the surface shapes of ANEP-1 and ANEP-2 were quite different. It can be concluded that ANEP has great potential as an effective strategy for obtaining polysaccharides from ginseng flower.
Modern Achievements of Forensic Expert Industry in Ukraine
Authors: Kliuiev Oleksandr
Published: November 2023

Forensic industry in Ukraine is constantly developing, despite stormy challenges of our time. Ukrainian statehood has been courageously resisting ruscist invaders for more than a year, civilians strongly support the Armed Forces of Ukraine and hold economic, scientific, educational, cultural and other fronts. Not just keep, but develop all field of life for post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Despite the martial law, recently forensic industry of Ukraine has been marked by a number of new achievements that improve quality and increase efficiency of forensic expert researches.
The Genesis of Institutes of Scientific and Forensic Examination in Kharkiv, Kyiv and Odesa in 1922—1929: Historical and Legal Aspect
Authors: Fedorenko Vladyslav , Wieczorek Leszek , Havlovskyi Igor
Published: November 2023

The genesis of forensic examination in Ukraine on the eve of the First World War and its further institutionalization in the 1920s are considered. The prerequisites for the establishment of scientific forensic examination offices in Kyiv, Odesa, and Kharkiv at the initiative of, in particular, the legendary forensic physician and forensic scientist Mykola Bokarius are studied. The normative legal acts on the organization and conduct of forensic work, the legal status of the institutes of scientific and forensic examination of the People’s Commissariat of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR, their tasks, structure, and formation procedure were analyzed. The determining role in the genesis of forensic examination in Ukraine in the 1920s of domestic forensic scientists M. Bokarius, M. Makarenko, S. Potapov, V. Favorskyi and others, who not only laid the foundations of various types of forensic examination to meet the needs of courts, is substantiated and pre-trial investigation bodies but also formed the scientific-methodological and methodical foundations of forensic expert activity in Ukraine. It has been proven that already in the 1920s, domestic schools of forensic examination were formed in Ukraine (in particular, the Kharkiv school of M. Bokarius); a community of highly professional forensic experts was formed and a high-quality system of their training was developed; new types of forensic examinations were introduced and the methods of their conduct were scientifically substantiated; the publication of fundamental scientific works on the issues of forensic examination and criminology is organized; In Kharkiv, a specialized and authoritative journal “Archives of Criminology and Forensic Sciences” was launched. The research uses general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, analogy, systematization and generalization.
Problems of Using Digital Evidence in Criminal Justice of Ukraine and the USA
Authors: Avdeeva Galina , Żywucka-Kozlowska Elzbieta
Published: November 2023

Current issues of using digital evidence in criminal justice of Ukraine and the USA have been considered and proposals have been provided for their resolution. For this purpose, methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis, formal legal analysis, comparative legal method, and special methods of cognition have been applied. The concepts of “electronic evidence” and “digital evidence” have been differentiated. Analysis of 64 decisions of Ukrainian courts of criminal jurisdiction and 31 decisions of the US Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court has revealed certain challenges in recognizing information in digital format as admissible and veracious evidence. The experience of the US judiciary can be useful for reforming Ukrainian legislation and the development of methodological guidelines for digital evidence use. It has been proposed to amend the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine with regulations that would contain the definition for the digital evidence concept and its procedural media; differentiation of the concepts of “electronic evidence” and “digital evidence”; introduction of a detailed procedure for seizing digital information, its review, recording and storage (with indication of the list of mandatory information on digital evidence which must be procedurally established); an algorithm for assessing veracity of digital evidence and an expert conclusion relying on certain criteria. It has been proved that a rapid change in technologies for detecting, seizing, recording and researching digital information has presented certain challenges for investigators, judges, prosecutors and employees of investigative agencies of Ukraine. It is recommended to improve the efficiency of using digital evidence in court proceedings by developing guidelines for working with such evidence and correspondingly improving qualifications of employees in law enforcement agencies.
Transformation of Forensic Expert Personality in Extreme Conditions of Wartime
Authors: Kurdes Oleg
Published: November 2023

Through the use of dialectical, systematic, comparative methods and methods of analytical abstraction, modeling, and interpretation, the phenomenon of transformation of the forensic expert personality in extreme conditions (in particular, wartime) is analyzed; scientific achievements regarding this issue are summarized; the ways of overcoming effects of external negative factors on their personality are outlined. Attention is focused on the need to monitor the emotional and volitional stability of the forensic expert and the level of influence on their personality of external stressful factors of long-term action in the conditions of their conducting forensic examinations at the sites of war crimes and the consequences of military actions on the territory of Ukraine. In order to successfully perform official duties and overcome the consequences of the influence of external negative factors in wartime, it is advisable to add psychological training to the system of professional training of the forensic expert (develop a methodology for conducting psychological training as a form of active development of psychological qualities and personality skills: in particular, with the addition of group discussions, games methods, and psycho-gymnastic exercises) with its normalization in the corresponding by-law departmental acts. The mastering of psychological knowledge, skills and abilities by the forensic expert will contribute to detecting optimal solutions by them for the purpose of conducting forensic analysis and more thorough performance of professional duties. This paper proposes to create a structural division of professional training in each state forensic expert institution, which would (in cooperation with the personnel division) be tasked with organizing the psychological training of forensic experts.
Case investigation based on indirect evidence: The method by M. Ye. Yevheniev
Authors: Starushkevych Anatolii
Published: November 2023

It has been proven that the basis of the method for case investigation according to indirect evidence developed by the Soviet criminalist M. Ye. Yevheniev is the concept of indirect evidence; dissemination of the concept was due to the political situation of the 1930s and 1940s; in particular, the desire of investigative bodies and prosecutors to obtain confessions of guilt from the accused in cases of “terrorist acts” and “political conspiracies”, which at that time was considered the main and decisive evidence. Method positive qualities have been specified: logical structure, simplicity of perception by practitioners, consideration of traditional factors of suddenness and counteraction to investigation, use of activity and integrated approaches, algorithmicity and phasing of crime investigation. Handling direct evidence is not challenging for the investigator: it is indirect evidence that lead to difficulties. The accused should be carefully interrogated about each piece of evidence, and all his/her explanations thoroughly checked. It has been found that the method developer did not disclose types of circumstantial evidence connections, paid insufficient attention to peculiarities of evaluating indirect (circumstantial) evidence. At the same time, it has been determined that M. Ye. Yevheniev’s method is a significant step towards the formation of the doctrine about methods of criminal offenses investigation and the development of theoretical bases of current forensic methodology. The Article Purpose is a scientific analysis of the method of investigating a case based on circumstantial evidence developed by M. Ye. Yevheniev in order to clarify its role in the development of forensic doctrine about the methods of investigating criminal offenses. The following methods of scientific cognition were applied while research: observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, etc.
Forensic Expert Evaluation of Microcar Driver Actions in Case of Traffic Collision
Authors: Horobrih Pavlo
Published: November 2023

Actions microcar drivers (electric unicycle, electric scooter, etc.) were analyzed with the aim of developing new regulatory approaches to  conducting forensic research and providing a forensic expert conclusion on a traffic  collision involving the person driving such a vehicle. The lack issue of  a regulatory framework for operation of such means of transportation as unicycles on public roads is outlined, as well as the issue associated with the use of unicycles in public areas (in parks, playgrounds, sidewalks, etc.). The design of the unicycle is presented, the methods of its control are systematized, and a detailed list of equipment necessary for ensuring road traffic with microcar participation is offered. As an example, a part of the author's expert research on criminal proceedings to establish whether an electric scooter belongs to the category of vehicles in accordance with requirements of traffic codes in force in Ukraine is presented. This article  purpose  is to supplement the legislative framework of Ukraine with conditions and rules for driving microcars, as well as to determine functions of a person driving a unicycle while traffic collision. To achieve this goal, general scientific and special methods (formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction), special legal, system analysis) were used.
Issues of Legal Regulation in Forensic Expert Researches on Life Safety
Authors: Mieshkov Oleh
Published: November 2023

Current state of legal regulation on occupational and life safety in Ukraine is analyzed. It was found that the system of normative legal acts  regulating legal relations in the field of life safety and determine technical requirements in various branches of production, has a rather cumbersome appearance and contains laws, by-laws, and technical regulations. General system gaps in the regulatory and technical regulation of the labor activity of certain categories of employees are outlined. The purpose of the work is to highlight individual issues of regulatory framework and outline ways for their solving with the aim of improving the regulatory framework of relations in the field of occupational health and safety, which will have a positive effect on the procedure of forensic expert research on life safety and increase effectiveness of accident investigations. A separate problem is the obsolescence of some acts. Attention is focused on the need to cancel outdated and adopt new documents defining safety rules in dangerous industries. In general, the system of normative regulation of life safety in Ukraine is not sufficiently adapted to international norms of labor regulation, therefore the need to harmonize Ukrainian legislation with international (in particular, European) labor standards is emphasized. In order to improve the legal regulation of labor protection, it is proposed to change the general approach to the principles of regulation, emphasizing “preventive actions”. Research methods: formal-logical, systemic-structural, comparative-legal, as well as the method of systemic analysis
International Scientific Standards in Forensic Science Field of Ukraine
Authors: Kliuiev Oleksandr
Published: November 2023

Editor-in-Chief ’s Note
Specialist’s Participation in Crime Scene Reconstruction for Investigating Circumstances of Traffic Collision Occurred in the Dark
Authors: Varlahov Vitalii , Sviderskyi Oleksandr , Mitunevicius Valentinas
Published: November 2023

Professional participation (person possessing specific expertise and skills in the use of technical or other means and can provide advice while pre-trial investigation and trial on issues that require relevant specific expertise and skills) in conducting crime scene reconstructions improves the quality of pre-trial investigation, expands possibilities of the parties of criminal proceedings (regarding collection, evidence verification and evaluation), contributes to acceleration, completeness and impartiality of the investigation and trial. General requirements for preparation and conducting of crime scene reconstructions in criminal proceedings for investigation of traffic collisions occurred in the dark, as well as professional functions and the peculiarities of his specific expertise application in such a reconstruction (finding out the mechanism of traffic collision; obtaining data for appointment of road accident analysis; verification of circumstances relevant to criminal proceedings). Interaction aspects of pre-trial investigation bodies with professional in the field of road accident analysis while investigation of criminal offenses: traffic collisions are analyzed. The authors aimed to highlight peculiarities of conducting crime scene reconstruction to determine general and specific visibility for investigation of criminal offenses related to violation of traffic safety rules transport operation, applying to achieve the goal methods of formal logic, special legal (primarily: comparative legal) and system analysis.
Internal expert conviction: forensic veterinary aspect
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan
Published: November 2023

Using general scientific and special scientific methods, problematic aspects of internal conviction phenomenon of forensic expert (in particular, forensic veterinarian) are outlined and ways of their solution are proposed. It has been proven that this category is an element of independence and immediacy of research on object specifics and properties in order to find out factual data and case (proceedings) circumstances. The author’s definition of concept of “internal conviction of forensic expert” is formulated, its specifics and factors affecting its formation are singled out. Mechanism for minimizing influence of subjectivism on forensic expert activity and on drawing up forensic expert conclusion is proposed. Structure of expert’s inner conviction is revealed and attention is focused on the fact that it is expedient to distinguish epistemological, psychological, ethical, moral and legal components. Directions of implementation of this phenomenon in forensic expert activity are considered. It is argued that internal conviction of forensic expert should be understood as the state of his consciousness and feelings which is the result of mental subjective activity while conducting expert research and evaluating the signs and properties of tangible and materialized objects in order to find out the factual data and circumstances of case (proceedings) according to a specific examination, when he considers the condition of objects provided for research to be suitable, and their number sufficient to provide a well-founded and objective conclusion; is sure of its correctness, does not doubt infallibility of his decision and is ready to act in accordance with.
Legal regulation of innovation and investment activities in agrarian sector of Ukrainian economy
Authors: Kondratenko Daryna
Published: November 2023

Investment activity in the field of agriculture has been carefully studied by domestic scientists and practitioners based on the criteria of economic indicators, but legislation determining procedure for attracting investments to the agrarian sector of national economy has remained out of their attention. In order to overcome objective and subjective obstacles, for continuous and intensive development, Ukrainian agriculture needs special support, that can be provided to a large extent whereby of foreign investments. Guaranteeing productivity and profitability of the entire agricultural sector, especially its most labor-intensive areas (for example, animal husbandry, horticulture, cultivation of special crops, etc.), moreover, in conditions of full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine, is possible only thanks to improvement and adjustment of investment activities in this area, as well as unconditional State support and introduction of innovations. Normative and legal regulation of attracting investments to agricultural sector of Ukraine has been studied. The ways of improving legislative regulation of investment procedure in order to increase attractiveness of investment climate in our country are outlined. The article purpose is to identify problematic aspects of current laws and subordinate legal acts that prevent optimizing procedure of investing in agrarian sector of national economy, as well as consider international legal framework on this issue. For achieving the goal, general scientific dialectical method and methods of scientific knowledge were used, and for the full and comprehensive disclosure of the research topic, hermeneutic, formal-legal and formal-logical methods were used.
Development Prospects of Forensic Expertology in Ukraine in Light of International Experience
Authors: Kliuiev Oleksandr
Published: November 2023

Судова експертиза в Україні є важливою складовою пра- восуддя в усіх видах судочинства, зокрема в кримінальному провадженні. Для забезпечення справедливості й ефективності судових рішень процедури судової експертизи потре- бують постійного вдосконалення з урахуванням міжнародного досвіду. Сучасний світ змінюється дуже стрімко, іще швидше розвиваються технології. Це ставить перед судо- вою експертизою нові виклики й завдання. Так, на особливу увагу заслуговує комп’ютерно-технічна експертиза, адже зловмисники швидко впроваджують новітні досягнення науково-технічного прогресу у злочинну діяльність, тож правоохоронні й судові органи мають випереджати злочин- ців за рівнем знань технічних та технологічних інновацій і навичок роботи з ними. Саме тому дуже важливою є ви- сока обізнаність судових експертів і науковців у новітніх досягненнях та міжнародному досвіді у сфері судової екс- пертизи. Для цього потрібні регулярні заходи з підвищен- ня кваліфікації, обмін напрацюваннями та досвідом між українськими й іноземними експертами. Збірник наукових праць «Теорія та практика судової експертизи і криміналіс- тики» повсякчас сприяє такому обміну, оприлюднюючи на своїх сторінках дослідження українських та іноземних уче- них.
Legal Status of Forensic Veterinarian as a Subject of Forensic Science Activity in Context of the Latest Legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan
Published: November 2023

Legal status of a forensic expert as a subject of forensic science activity in the context of the latest legislation of Ukraine is studied. It has been proven that elements of legal status of forensic expert, provided for by civil, economic, administrative and criminal legislation of Ukraine, as well as by departmental regulatory legal acts, do not fully correlate with each other: they have different rights, obligations, prohibitions, restrictions and the legal responsibility of forensic expert, that can negatively affect implementation of the principles of forensic expert activity, in particular during forensic veterinary examination, as well as the provision of a substantiated, objective, reliable, correct and truthful expert conclusion. Amendments and additions to mentioned normative legal acts of Ukraine are proposed with the aim of unifying the legal status of forensic expert (regardless of type of legal proceedings and grounds for conducting a forensic examination) for more effective implementation of principles of forensic science activity. The research purpose: reveal the legal status of forensic veterinarian in the system of forensic expertise and to systematize his duties, rights, prohibitions and grounds for liability in the newest legal field of Ukraine. General and special scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis, analogy; modeling; formal-logical; logical-grammatical; statistical; comparative-legal; legal analysis) were used to achieve the goal.
Significance of Open Educational Resources for Forensic Expert Training
Authors: Davydenko Daria , Palkova Karina , Shpak Yuliia
Published: November 2023

The issue of ensuring forensic expert training in conditions of online education with the help of open educational resources has been analyzed. Research and developement of National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute» concerning the project implementation “Open Educational Resource: Forensic Science“ which research results are educational materials on forensic science, developed in order to freely use them during forensic expert training in Ukraine and abroad, have been presented. The main created video content has been analyzed in relation to the essence of outlined issues and importance of educational product for future experts. The practical value of the educational resource has been emphasized thanks to the high level of technical equipment use at the research institution. European experience of using available educational resources while training experts in the field of law at Rīga Stradiņš University has been considered. Expediency of applying such experience to the practice of such training in Ukraine has been determined. The research paper studies into demand for free educational resource which was confirmed by the range of approbation events both in Ukraine and in Latvia. The research suggests continuing to expand capabilities of free access under conditions of forensic expert distance learning, introducing international educational resources into mandatory educational and methodological support of educational programs. The Article purpose is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations concerning implementation of open educational resources in the course of forensic expert training. To fulfil this goal, general scientific methods of theoretical generalization, comparison, systems analysis and formalization have been applied.
Internal Conviction and Forms of Expert Conclusions
Authors: Dementiev Муkola
Published: November 2023

The Article Purpose is to determine grounds, essence, conditions and reflection of the forensic expert’s internal conviction in conclusions of performed research, the concept and significance of possible conclusions for criminal proceedings. Fulfilling the set goal was made possible due to the use of: the system-structural method (to determine peculiarities of formation and external manifestation of the forensic expert’s internal conviction); the comparative-legal analysis (to compare approaches of researchers with probative value of probable conclusions); the formal-legal (to reveal procedural independence of the forensic expert and formulate the concept of “probable expert conclusion”). Objective basis of the forensic expert’s internal conviction is objects of forensic examination, expert methods, scientific positions of forensic examination, research results; subjective: the forensic expert’s specific expertise and personal experience. The essence of internal conviction is psychological state of a forensic expert, his/her confidence in obtained findings and readiness to word conclusions. The procedural condition of objectivity, impartiality of internal conviction are guaranteed by the forensic expert’s independence. External manifestation of the forensic expert’s inner conviction is answers to addressed questions (in the form of categorical judgments). The lack of internal conviction may be embodied by the forensic expert while formulating a conclusion as to possibility of existence (availability) of circumstances and facts. A possible conclusion should be distinguished from a probable one. A possible conclusion is a form of the forensic expert’s version, which probability or credibility is determined stemming from results of evaluation of all pieces of evidence as a whole.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEM PENGARUHI PARTISIPASI PETANI PADI SAWAH DALAM KEGIATAN PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN BANTIMURUNG, KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Aldayani  , Jamil Muh. Hatta , Sulili Anwar
Published: November 2023

Penyuluh pertanian diakui menjadi sarana kebijaksanaan yang efektif untuk mendorong pembangunan pertanian dalam situasi petani tidak mampu mencapai tujuannya karena keterbatasan pengetahuan dan wawasan, untuk itu partisipasi petani sangat penting dalam penyuluhan pertanian. Partisipasi petani dalam kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian vberperan penting dalam pengentasan kemiskinan, perbaikan kapasitas pengambilan keputusan, peningkatan produktivatas pertanian dan peroleh pengetahuan baru dalam pertanian. Namun untuk dapat berpartisipasi dalam penyuluhan pertanian terdapat banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi petani padi sawah dalam kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian di Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan ini yaitu metode penelitian  kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis logistic biner sebanyak 98 responden petani padi sawah. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, faktor usia, tingkat pendidikan, luas lahan, kosmopolitan, keterampilan penyuluh, sikap penyuluh, media penyuluhan dan materi penyuluhan berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi petani padi sawah dalam kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian di Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros. Sedangkan faktor jumlah tanggungan keluarga, pendapatan, keanggotaan kelompok tani, dan pengetahuan penyuluh tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap partisipasi petani padi sawah dalam kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian di Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros.

Agricultural extension services are recognized as an effective expert tool to encourage agricultural development in situations where farmers are unable to achieve their goals due to limited knowledge and insight, therefore farmer participation is very important in agricultural extension. Farmers' participation in agricultural extension activities plays an important role in poverty alleviation, increasing decision-making capacity, increasing agricultural productivity and obtaining new knowledge in agriculture. However, to be able to participate in agricultural extension there are many factors that affect farmers. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the participation of lowland rice farmers in agricultural extension activities in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency. The research method used is a quantitative research method using binary logistic analysis as many as 98 rice paddy farmer respondents. Based on the test results, the factors of age, education level, land area, cosmopolitan, extension skills, attitudes, extension media and extension materials affect the participation of lowland rice farmers in agricultural extension activities in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency. Meanwhile, the number of family dependents, income, farmer groups, and extension knowledge had no significant effect on the participation of lowland rice farmers in agricultural extension activities in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH USAHA PENGOLAHAN KOPRA PUTIH CV. AMARTA DI KECAMATAN KEMPAS KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Sapri Sapri , Afiza Yeni , Syahrantau Gunawan
Published: November 2023

Tingginya produksi kelapa mendorong masyarakat untuk mengolahnya menjadi berbagai produk turunan yang telah dikembangkan salah satunya yaitu kopra putih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besaran keuntungan dan efisiensi usaha pengolahan kopra putih CV.Amarta. Analisis data yang digunakan biaya produksi, penyusutan, penerimaan, keuntungan dan efisiensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan diperoleh sebesar Rp. 131.168,42 per bulan dan nilai efesiensi atau R/C yang diperoleh pada pengolahan kopra putih adalah sebesar 1,14, sedangkan nilai tambah sebesar Rp. 366,30 per kg.

 

Kata Kunci: Kopra Putih, Keuntungan, Efesiensi, Nilai Tambah.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN PERAN PENYULUH TERHADAP DIGITALISASI PEMASARAN KARET MENURUT PERSEPSI PEKEBUN DALAM MENDUKUNG LEMBAGA APKARKUSI DI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Rosnita Rosnita , Yulida Roza , Andriani Yulia , Septya Fanny , Herlon Meki , Nurfitasari Mimi
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seperti apa karakteristik dan peran penyuluh yang ada di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dalam membantu lembaga Asosiasi Pekebun Karet Kuantan Singingi (APKARKUSI) dalam memasarkan hasil panen karet pekebun yang tergabung kedalam lembaga Apkarkusi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan survei melalui wawancara untuk mengetahui karakteristik penyuluh perkebunan karet  dan peran penyuluh menurut persepsi pekebun. Metode pengambilan data dan informasi menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi langsung kepada pekebun karet dan penyuluh perkebunan di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder, data primer diambil dari data Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi tahun 2022 dan data perkebuna Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, data sekunder diambil berdasarkan hasil dilapangan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran penyuluh di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi masih tergolong kurang baik, akubat kurangnya sumberdaya penyuluh dan peran yang diberikan kepada pekebun karet juga belum dilakukan secara maksimal.

This research aims to find out what the characteristics and role of extension workers in Kuantan Singingi Regency are in assisting the Kuantan Singingi Rubber Growers Association (APKARKUSI) in marketing the rubber harvest of planters who are members of the Apkarkusi institution. The research method used is a survey approach through interviews to determine the characteristics of rubber plantation instructors and the role of instructors according to the planters' perceptions. The data and information collection method uses interview techniques and direct observation of rubber planters and plantation extension workers in Kuantan Singingi Regency. The data used are primary data and secondary data, primary data is taken from data from the Central Statistics Agency for Kuantan Singingi Regency in 2022 and plantation data for Kuantan Singingi Regency, secondary data is taken based on field results. Data analysis uses Likert scale analysis. The research results show that the role of extension workers in Kuantan Singingi Regency is still relatively poor, due to the lack of extension resources and the role given to rubber planters has not been carried out optimally.
Structural Reform of Police Organization at Village Level Government in Bandung Regency, West Java Province
Authors: Sutedjo Eko Hadi
Published: November 2023

The research aimed to enhance the Police's performance in delivering exemplary community service and harmonize the National Police's structure with the Village/District Level Regional Government. The study employed qualitative description with SWOT and ASOCA Analysis. In Bandung Regency, there's a notable security vulnerability. The data indicates: 1) Potential disturbances exceed 70%, 2) Disorder threshold surpasses 60%, and 3) Actual disruptions are above 30%. Addressing this and to achieve structural synchronization between the National Police and the Regional Government, a strategy is devised titled "Structural Reform of the Police Organization at the Village Government Level." This aims to optimize police performance, resonating with the National Police's 2005-2025 Grand Strategy. SWOT analysis reveals 1) Strength in Leadership, 2) Weakness in Organizational Structure, 3) Opportunities within the Legal Framework, and 4) Threats from misalignment with the Village's Regional Government. ASOCA Analysis emphasizes several factors. Internally, it points out the Police Leadership's ability and members' loyalty. It stresses the importance of harnessing police resources and an Organizational Performance Improvement Program. There's a highlight on the intellectual prowess of police members and their potential to act creatively. Externally, the community's aspiration for better police service is noted. The Bandung Regency's distinct culture and traditions play a role. Challenges persist, like the misalignment of the organizational structure with geographical realities and limited flexibility in local Police management. Community participation and educational levels remain concerns. Lastly, the Village Police follows a "Line and Staff Organization" model. This aligns with the higher-level organizational structure, emphasizing task decentralization and role clarity, ensuring a robust hierarchy and efficient task delegation.
İbn Ḥacer’in Lisānu’l-Mīzān’daki Şīʿī Kaynakları
Authors: KARAGÖZOĞLU Mustafa Macit , TOPGÜL Muhammed Enes
Published: November 2023

Bu makalede İbn Ḥacer’in zayıf ravilere dair meşhur eseri Lisānu’l-Mīzān’daki Şīʿī kaynak kullanımı incelenmektedir. Daha önce başka Sünni tarihçi ve hadis alimleri de Şīʿī ricāl kaynaklarına başvurmuşlarsa da bu eserleri en yoğun kullanan müellif İbn Ḥacer olmuştur. O, Lisānu’l-Mīzān’da Ebū Caʿfer eṭ-Ṭūsī başta olmak üzere 12 Şīʿī ricāl alimine toplam 787 kez atıf yapmıştır. Şīʿī kaynaklardan eklediği ravilerle ḍuʿafāʾ türünün kapsamını genişleten İbn Ḥacer, ravilerin Şīʿīliklerini bizzat mezheplerine ait eserler üzerinden göstermiştir. Lisān’ın ilk üç cildinde yoğun olarak yer alan Şīʿī ravilerin büyük çoğunluğu, eserin ilk telifinden sonraki gözden geçirme süreçlerinde müellif tarafından kitaba eklenmiştir. Makalede İbn Ḥacer öncesindeki Sünni müelliflerin Şīʿī ricāl eserlerini kullanımı üzerinde durulduktan sonra İbn Ḥacer’in Şīʿī kaynakları incelenmekte, Lisān’ın yazmaları üzerinden Şīʿī ravilerin kitaba giriş serüveni ortaya koyulmakta ve Şīʿī kaynaklardan yapılan nakillerin ravi tenkidindeki işlevi gösterilmektedir.
Grain yield, heat and water use efficiency of wheat cultivars in relation to different sowing environments
Authors: Kaur Maninder , Ram Hari
Published: November 2023

Grain yield and water use efficiency of wheat cultivars in relation to different sowing environments were evaluated where seven dates of sowing viz. October 22, 29, November 5, 12, 19, 26 and December 3 in the main plots and three varieties namely PBW 725, HD 3086 and HD 2967 in sub-plots'for three consecutive years were considered. Results revealed that wheat crop sown from October 22 to November 5 had better agrometeorological indices, yield attributes, normalized difference vegetative index and higher water use efficiency resulting in higher grain yield than delayed sowing. Wheat varieties  PBW 725 and HD 3086 resulted the lower canopy temperature, higher grain yield along with all the yield attributing characters and agrometeorological indices under Northwestern conditions of India.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 701-707, 2023 (September)
Residue dynamics and effects of different household processes in reduction of fenpropathrin residues in chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.)
Authors: Chandrika Thanikanti , Sahoo Sanjay Kumar , Sujatha B
Published: November 2023

Spraying of chilli crop with fenpropathrin @ 75 and 150 g a.i./ ha led to the initial residues ranging from 0.12 to 0.14 and 0.19 to 0.22 mg/kg, respectively. Fenpropathrin residues in chilli dissipated below the limit of quantification after 3 and 5 days at low and high doses. The half-life of fenpropathrin in chilli was calculated to be 2.41 and 1.92 days. Residues of fenpropathrin on chilli collected 0 day after spray was below MRL following application @ 75 g a.i./ ha. Among various household processing methods, KMnO4 solution reduces 72.50 per cent residue washing, boiling, dipping in sodium bicarbonate solution, salt solution and acetic acid solution, respectively after 0 (2 hrs after spray) day of fenpropathrin @ 75 g a.i./ ha after third spraying in chilli.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 715-722, 2023 (September)
Superiority indices as per ammi analysis to assess stability of faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) Genotypes
Authors: Arya Rajesh Kumar , Dahiya Gs , Verma Ajay , Vandana
Published: November 2023

AMMI stability values along with adaptability measures MASV and MASV1 identified HB14-15, HB14-40, HB14-16 genotypes. Relative Performance of Genotypic Values (RPGV) measure had settled for HB14.32, HB14-18, HB14-14 genotypes. Superiority indexes allowed variable weights to yield and stability measures considered HB14.32, HB14-18, HB14-20 as of genotypes with high yield and stable performance.  Highly significant variations due to environments (64.2%), GxE(11.4%) and genotypes (9.1%) were observed in AMMI analysis of Faba bean genotypes Hisar under field trials from rabi 2013-14 to rabi 2018-19. Biplot analysis had observed a cluster of RPGV, MHRPGV, along with the superiority measures as per arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means of yield values. Association analysis observed the stability measures W1, W2 and WAAS maintained direct relationship with AMMI based measures. Superiority indexes exhibited positive strong correlation with Sdev, PRVG and MHPRVG measures.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 723-730, 2023 (September)
The botanical inventory and ecology of scaly tree ferns (cyatheaceae) of mount salak, java - indonesia
Authors: Praptosuwiryo Titien Ngatinem , Usmadi Didi
Published: November 2023

Scaly tree ferns (Cyatheaceae) are considered a threatened species due to habitat destruction and over-exploitation. The new data dealing with the diversity and ecology of scaly tree ferns of Mount Salak, Java, Indonesia, are presented. A total of 1387 adult individuals belonging to seven species included in two genera were recorded at the elevation range of 1100-1450 m within an area of 4.5 ha. Alsophila oinops (Hassk.) R.M.Tryon, Alsophila sp., and Sphaeropteris persquamulifera (Alderw.) R.M.Tryon were rare species. Alsophila junghuhniana Kunze and A. polycarpa (Jungh.) R.M.Tryon were found to be abundant in this area. Sphaeropteris glauca (Blume) R.M.Tryon, and S. squamulata (Blume) R.M.Tryon were included as common species. The finding of A. oinops on Mount Salak at 1200-1300 m asl. is a new ecological record for the Malesian region. Some species were found in relatively the same habitat characteristics but differed in their need for light intensity. Scaly tree ferns were found to show varied distribution patterns.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 741-747, 2023 (September)
Sustainable management of bud rot disease of coconut
Authors: Prathibha VH , Daliyamol  , Rajkumar  , Hegde Vinayaka , Chandran Kp
Published: November 2023

Bud rot incited by Phytophthora palmivora Butl. is a fatal disease in coconut. Different fungicides were tested under in vitro condition and highly effective fungicides were selected for evaluation under field condition to develop IDM strategies against bud rot. All the fungicides and Trichoderma coir pith cake significantly reduced the bud rot disease incidence compared to the control. Five fungicides were highly effective for three consecutive years. Chlorothalonil 78.12 WP was found cost effective in the management of bud rot disease and Trichoderma coir pith cake could be used for eco-friendly management of the disease.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 749-753, 2023 (September)