bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSTERİOR İNTEROSSEÖZ SİNİRİN KISMİ FELCİ
Authors: Panpallı Ateş Mehlika , Güven Hayat , Ferik Sevgi , Çomoğlu Selim Selçuk
Published: July 2018

Radial sinirin dirsek düzeyindeki etkilenimi; radial
tünel sendromu ve posterior interosseöz
sinir sendromu olarak iki farklı klinik tabloya neden
olur. Radial tünel sendromu motor güçsüzlük
oluşturmadan ağrı ve nadiren duyu bozukluğuna
yol açarken; posterior interosseöz sinir
sendromu elin ekstansör kaslarında güçsüzlük
ile bulgu verir ve duyusal bozukluk izlenmez.
Bu yazıda önkola travma sonrası sağ el üçüncü
parmakta ekstansiyon kaybı gelişen ve elektronöromyografide
posterior interosseöz sinir
tuzaklanması saptanan bir hasta sunulmuş ve
oldukça nadir karşılaşılan parsiyel posterior interosseöz
sinir sendromunun, radial sinir tuzaklanmalarının
ayırıcı tanısında akılda tutulmasının
önemi vurgulanmıştır.
MENTAL IMAGE ENGINEERING, CREATIVE PROBLEMS, EMOTIONAL EVALUATIONS
Authors:   National Research University ", Fominykh I. ,   MPEI"
Published: July 2018

This paper describes some results in the development and reflection of creative thinking and intuition of a specialist in the field of artificial intelligence systems. Problems of Jmage engineering, including the elicitation of main differences between image and concept; in particular, between image-based and concept-based mechanisms of information processing (problem solving) are considered. The leading role of neural networks and fuzzy models in the computer implementation of creative thinking is shown. The nature of creative tasks, characterized by the identification and resolution of contradictions in the conditions of the tasks being solved, is considered. A special attention is paid to the role of intuition and emotions in solving creative problems. Such important functions of emotions as instrument of behavior control, tools of activating creative resources and evaluation mechanism (an intra-systemic critic) are revealed. The algebra of emotions is introduced that allows us to calculate the sign and magnitude of a complex emotion by using simple operations over its components. A binary tree of emotions is built on the basis of reflexive estimates. The novelty of the paper is related to the algebra of emotions, entropic models of emotional states characteristics and the construction of emotion tree viewed as a way of specifying secondary human emotions by evaluating the performance of other people.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR CREATION OF A SHELL FOR INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS OF INTUITIVE MATHEMATICAL PROOFS’ VERIFICATION
Authors:   Institute of Automation and Control Processes of the FEB RAS, Kleschev A. , Timchenko V. ,   Institute of Automation and Control Processes of the FEB RAS
Published: July 2018

The article presents a concept of a shell for interactive systems of intuitive mathematical proofs. The means of specifying formal systems that can be used as theoretical foundations for this shell are considered: the languages for description of generative graph and text grammars, as well as the language for context conditions description. These languages allow defining context-dependent graph grammars with a specific syntax. With the use of these means, the kernel of a formal logical system that is connected to the mathematical practice of proofs’ constructing is specified. The model of ontology for representation of the bases of formalized mathematical knowledge and methods of reasoning is described. This model includes the specification of the network structure of various sections of mathematics, as well as the specification of generative graph grammars describing the abstract syntax of the languages for mathematical statements (knowledge) and methods of reasoning representation. The context conditions of these languages are also defined. The common syntactic structure of proofs and the model of ontology of proofs, developed on its basis, are considered. We apply the approach based on context-dependent grammars and ontologies. It consists in the development of an explicitly presented declarative specification of the language for mathematical knowledge and methods of reasoning (the language of a mathematical dialect) representation, as well as a model of proof. The key feature of the language is its extensibility, which is provided by the extensibility of a set of definitions that allow us to introduce new terms to denote the defined concepts and the extensibility of its grammar. The extensibility of grammar is achieved thanks to the means that allow one to describe the syntax of each new construction of the language for mathematical statements’ representation, as well as the context conditions.
Stratejik İşletme Kararlarında Kısıt, Süreç ve Mamul Karması
Authors: ÖZKOL Ahmet Erdal
Published: July 2018

Kısıtlar teorisi,
işletmenin temel amacının kar etmek olduğunu ve geleneksel maliyet
yöntemlerinin üretim hacmine dayalı hesaplamalarının gerçeği yansıtmadığını
savunur. Teori, değişken gider olarak sadece direkt ilk madde ve malzeme
giderlerini kabul etmekte ve satış fiyatı, satış miktarını da dikkate alarak
finansal performans ölçümü yapmaktadır. Teori, sistemi bir bütün olarak ele
almakta ve üretim akışını yavaşlatan her türlü unsuru kısıt olarak kabul
etmekte ve bu kısıtların kaldırılması ile karlılığın arttırılabileceğini söyler.
Süreç ise satışlar ile üretimde kullanılan direkt ilke madde ve malzeme tutarı
arasındaki fark olup, en uygun mamul karmasının belirlenmesi açısından bir
yönetim muhasebesi yöntemi olarak kullanılabilir.
A variação na representação do complemento verbal e o ensino de PB a hispanofalantes: uma análise de materiais didáticos de PLE
Authors: Leal Rodrigues Thais LEAL
Published: July 2018

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados da nossa pesquisa de mestrado, cujo tema é o ensino da representação do complemento verbal a falantes de espanhol, fato linguístico variável na língua portuguesa do Brasil (PB). O propósito da pesquisa foi examinar como este aspecto da nossa língua tem sido tratado nos materiais didáticos voltados ao ensino de PLE. Pretendemos, então, mostrar, neste trabalho, como são apresentados e ensinados os complementos verbais, em dez desses materiais, e averiguar se a variação linguística é contemplada no tratamento desse tema. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que se embasa nos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Educacional.
A formação do subesquema argumental causativo no português brasileiro
Authors: Lopes Monclar Guimarães , De Menezes Vanda Maria Cardozo
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever, sob a ótica da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, a emergência de um subesquema de valor causativo no português brasileiro, que pode acarretar mudança de transitividade e aumento de valência em verbos tipicamente monoargumentais, como desaparecer e sumir, ou expandir as possibilidades de uso de verbos já transitivos, como ocorre com acabar. Com base na visão de construção defendida por Goldberg (1995), defende-se a existência de uma correspondência de forma-sentido de natureza mais esquemática e abstrata. Nesse sentido, os verbos supracitados sofrem uma coerção tanto na forma quanto no sentido, a partir do momento em que são recrutados por uma nova construção.
Usos linguísticos contemporâneos: novos lexemas? Resultados de um inquérito
Authors: Rebelo Helena
Published: July 2018

O futuro da Língua Portuguesa delineia-se no presente, sobretudo na escola. Na sequência de conferências em estabelecimentos de ensino para abordar o assunto, foi realizado um estudo sobre usos orais-escritos da língua. Aplicou-se um breve inquérito a alunos portugueses de 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e esta ferramenta foi, igualmente, distribuída a estudantes universitários de 1.º Ciclo. Interessa observar as respostas obtidas para compreender que usos linguísticos predominam. Numa relação entre Gramática e Linguística, importa analisar os conhecimentos revelados por jovens usuários de uma língua com mais de 800 anos, que se vai moldando aos gostos dos falantes.
Arre Maria! Como tu cunrresa: a aspiração de /v/ no falar popular de Fortaleza
Authors: Araújo Aluiza Alves de , Rodrigues Ana Germana Pontes , De Sousa Pereira Maria Lidiane
Published: July 2018

Com base na Sociolinguística Variacionista, este trabalhado aborda o enfraquecimento da fricativa /v/, em posição intervocálica (ta/h/a ~ta/v/a), no falar popular de Fortaleza. Objetivamos analisar as variáveis linguísticas e/ou extralinguísticas que condicionam a aspiração de /v/. Verificamos que são pertinentes, nesse mesma ordem de importância, as variáveis: grupo fônico (palavras com /ava/); classes de palavras (outros e verbos); escolaridade (0-4 anos); frequência de uso (termo muito usual, termo usual e termo extremamente usual); monitoramento estilístico (inquéritos do tipo DID); faixa etária (50 anos ou mais); contexto fonológico subsequente ([a], [ɐ]), [u]); sexo (homens); status morfológico do segmento (morfema gramatical) e dimensão do vocábulo (dissílabos).
Em foco: o Jornal da Globo
Authors: Striquer Marilúcia dos Santos Domingos , Rodrigues João Ricardo
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo propomo-nos a investigar se o Jornal da Globo pode ser considerado um telejornal, levando em conta os princípios da neutralidade e fidedignidade aos fatos noticiados. Para efeito, pautamo-nos nas definições de gênero do discurso propostas por Bakhtin (2003), nos preceitos de seus estudiosos e nos especialistas sobre o gênero textual notícia, e analisamos trechos de diferentes edições do telejornal, nos atendo sobre as marcações linguísticas que demonstram como, especificamente, a notícia se configura. Os resultados demonstraram uma desconfiguração do gênero notícia, devido à quebra do princípio da função sócio-comunicativa do gênero de ser um puro relato dos fatos de forma imparcial e fiel.
A construção sem + gerúndio na Crónica do Condestabre de Portugal Nuno Álvares Pereira
Authors: Machado José Barbosa
Published: July 2018

A Crónica do Condestabre de Portugal Nuno Álvares Pereira teve várias edições, sendo a primeira conhecida a de 1526, impressa em Lisboa por Germão Galharde. O mesmo impressor fez nova edição em 1554, sendo esta o reflexo, na paginação e na grafia, da anterior. As diferenças são mínimas, destacando-se a correção de algumas gralhas. Tanto numa edição como noutra, o impressor, na página de rosto, teve o cuidado de avisar: «sem mudar da antiguidade de suas palauras nem stillo.» Fernão Lopes serviu-se da crónica para escrever alguns dos capítulos da Crónica de D. Fernando e da Crónica de D. João I, Parte I e II. Neste trabalho de investigação, apresentaremos uma breve sistematização do uso da construção sem + gerúndio na Crónica do Condestabre, uma característica sintática presente também noutras obras do século XV a que faremos referência.
Colaboradores deste número
Authors: . .
Published: July 2018

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Application of Low-Temperature Molten Dialkylimidazole Salts for Catalytic Alkylation and Hydrodechlorination
Authors: Klimenko A. S. , Prikhod’ko S. A. , Beskopylnyi A. M. , Tertishnikov I. V. , Adonin N. Yu.
Published: July 2018

The paper deals with the possibility of preparing a mixture of 1,3-dialkylimidazole salts from commercially available reagents via multicomponent condensation. Main factors affecting the yield of the target product, as well as the obtained experimental data needed for scaling-up the process are discussed. It is shown that the prepared mixtures are close in some key properties (viscosity at different temperatures, heat capacity etc.) to the pure salts. The possibility of the application of the prepared salts as solvents for catalytic hydrodechlorination and catalyst components for alkylation of aromatic compounds is demonstrated.
Catalytic Effect of Iron-Containing Microspheres of Volatile Ash on Oxidation of Diesel Fuel in Vibro-Liquefied and Fluidized Beds of an Inert Material
Authors: Yazykov N. A. , Simonov A. D. , Anshits A. G. , Parmon V. N.
Published: July 2018

Oxidation of diesel fuel was studied using vibro-liquefied and fluidized beds of disperse bank sand in the presence of iron-containing microspheres isolated from flue ash of coal-fired boilers: ferrospheres and cenospheres activated with iron oxide. The obtained results are compared to the available data on oxidation of diesel fuel using microspheres of commercial catalysts for complete oxidation of organic compounds. Deeper oxidation of diesel fuel was observed at 500–600 °C in the presence of ferrospheres and cenospheres bearing iron oxide than in the vibro-liquefied bed of the inert material (bank sand). The most complete oxidation (84.3 %) was observed with ferrospheres at 700 °C. The ferrospheres were used for oxidation of diesel fuel in the fluidized bed of the inert material and they seemed less active under these conditions than the commercial catalysts based on СuСr2О4/Аl2О3and disperse Fe2O3. Nevertheless, the oxidation rate as high as 97.8 % can be achieved in the presence of ferrospheres by arranging jet fire above the bed. If so, the flame length decreases by half in comparison to the flame above the bed of the inert material. These observations, as well as a decrease in the proportion of CO and unburned carbon in combustion products indicate the catalytic activity of ferrospheres fed to the flame.
Deficiencia de Vitamina D versus índice de masa corporal elevada en el síndrome coronario agudo
Authors: Amgarten Lucas Miranda , Gomes Maria Luísa Pereira , Pardi Guilherme Rocha
Published: July 2018

A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade aumentou nas últimas décadas, tornando-se um problema global, juntamente à hipovitaminose D. Estudos demonstram que indivíduos com maiores valores de Índice de Massa Corporal relacionam-se mais frequentemente a status deficiente de vitamina D (25[OH]D) do que aqueles eutróficos. Este estudo procurou avaliar se há maior prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D em indivíduos com sobrepeso ou obesidade admitidos em hospital terciário devido à síndrome coronariana aguda. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro de 2015 e maio de 2016. Aplicou-se questionário estruturado e dosou-se 25(OH)D sérica. Separou-se a amostra em níveis séricos de 25(OH)D <20ng/mL e ≥20ng/mL e fez-se análise das variáveis antropométricas. Não foi observada correlação significativa entre parâmetros de massa corporal e vitamina D. Contudo, a população estudada tem determinantes que podem balancear os efeitos de maior massa corporal, sendo necessários mais estudos para análise.
Wheat leaf epidermal pattern as a model for studying the influence of stress conditions on morphogenesis
Authors: Zubairova U. S. , Doroshkov A. V.
Published: July 2018

The leaf epidermis of a monocotyledonous plant is a widely used model system for studying the differentiation of plant cells, as it contains readily observable specialized cells. The approach proposed in this paper uses a growing cereal leaf to study stress-induced dynamic changes in morphogenesis. In the process of formation, the linear leaf of wheat remains in the stationary growth phase for long. This fact permits us to observe a series of successive morphogenetic events recorded in the cellular structure of the mature leaf. In studying the cellular architecture of the wheat leaf epidermis, we obtained and processed confocal 3D images of wheat leaves stained with fluorescent dyes. This procedure allows an accurate morphometric description and determination of quantitative characteristics of the leaf epidermal pattern. Low temperatures are among the factors limiting the growing of crop plants in the temperate zone. In the present work, we show significant aberrations of stomatal morphogenesis in the epidermis of boot leaves of wheat varieties Saratovskaya 29 and Yanetskis Probat in response to cold stress. We found that nonfunctional stomata predominated in the zone of maximum manifestation of stress, whereas in the zones formed before and after the stress impact, the developmental anomalies come to the disturbance in the morphogenesis of subsidiary cells. In Saratovskaya 29, a significant amount of ectopic trichomes formed in rows predetermined to stoma formation. The proposed approach can provide standardized qualitative and quantitative data on stress-induced morphogenesis aberrations in wheat leaf epidermis. Subsequently, these data can be used for verification of computer models of leaf morphogenesis. Further study of the mechanisms of the effect of cold stress on morphogenesis will add to the search for additional opportunities to increase wheat yields in areas of risky agriculture.
Participação social na microterritorialidade: interação socio-estatal na realidade participativa de Lavras
Authors: Amâncio Julia Moretto , Abreu Kellen Cristina de
Published: July 2018

A susceptibilidade da participação social nos mecanismos instituídos ou não instituídos, se dá pelas janelas de oportunidades, de amplitude oscilatória em função de variáveis como momento político e lideranças do movimento. O objetivo deste estudo é explorar a complexidade dessas relações entre sociedade civil e sociedade política no nível local e identificar interações socioestatais de acordo com a tipologia de Amâncio (2013). De metodologia teórico-empírica qualitativa e exploratória, utilizou-se de entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados sobre a atuação dos atores sociais nos bairros do município de Lavras-MG. Aplicou-se, na análise dos dados, a Tipologia de Ação Coletiva Microterritorial de Amâncio (2013). Os resultados evidenciaram a heterogeneidade dos repertórios de ação coletiva, considerando, por exemplo, a migração de militantes das associações para o Serviço Público Municipal ou a participação de membros dos movimentos nos Conselhos Municipais. A participação social, dada hibridez de seus atores e diversidade das realidades microterritoriais, envolve dinâmicas igualmente diversas e dignas de análise para que se tenha conhecimento e reconhecimento dessas dinâmicas.
Sobre as performances Oblação, de Bia Figueiredo, e A outra coleção particular de Stéfano Belo, de Stéfano Belo
Authors: Galantin Daniel Verginelli
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo propomos uma leitura das performances Oblação e A outra coleção particular de Stéfano Belo, de modo a propor um diálogo com certos elementos do pensamento de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Neste caso, trabalharemos com os conceitos de corposemórgãos e a reflexão sobre o julgamento.Em menor grau, também dialogaremos com Michel Foucault eFranz Kafka. Nossa hipótese de leitura é que ambas as performances dizem respeito às formas de organização dos corpos e da subjetivação operantes no interior das sociedades capitalistas contemporâneas, assim como desenvolvem formas de resistências que não passam por qualquer tentativa de recuperação de elementos originários dos corpos. Em ambos os casos, trata-se de desorganizar as formas de corpos promovidas por regimes hegemônicos, e de experimentar formas de estar consigo e com os outros. Os escritos dos autores mencionados podem fornecer algumas indicações tanto para a crítica das subjetivações hegemônicas, quanto para a construção de formas de uma vida outra. Concluímos com a extensão dessa análise para diagnosticar parte do panorama político contemporâneo brasileiro, integrando assim as duas performances numa panorama ético-político mais amplo.
Alice, a personagem clássica que foi morar na rua
Authors: Fonseca João Barreto da
Published: July 2018

Uma vida subtraída de todas as condições necessárias para o exercício da cidadania se torna um exercício na corda banda, um retrato da vulneração. Mas é justamente deste marco zero e sem recorrer a heroísmo, que Maria Valéria Rezende experimenta em seu romance Quarenta Dias, na pele de sua personagem Alice, homônima da de Lewis Carrol, uma viagem também insólita, de loucura, privação e abandono. A personagem, a contragosto, segue uma pista. Ao se ver perdida num labirinto urbano, Alice vai compondo novas vivências, desbravando. Desterritorializada e sem os requisitos de cidadã, ela é uma energia em expansão em direção ao caos urbano e à deriva de si mesma, solta nos trajetos, nas bifurcações da cidade, até sentir que a rua lhe acolheu, a convidando para desabitar do seu mundo social e particular.
Um bairro é um bairro só?
Authors: Barbosa André Silva
Published: July 2018

Nosso primeiro objetivo é sobre os nomes informal e oficial de um bairro da cidade de Pouso Alegre–MG: Aterrado/São Geraldo. Buscamos analisar o funcionamento discursivo dessas nomeações, visando compreender como cada uma é constituída em sua relação com a memória discursiva e significa (diferentemente) o bairro. Em seguida, objetivamos fazer um trabalho teórico do conceito de “bairro”, apreendendo-o não apenas de acordo o “território”, mas ainda segundo a categoria de “territorialidade”. Assim, chegamos a uma compreensão na qual “bairro” não é uma área delimitada apenas por uma projeção sobre um espaço institucionalizado com contornos expostos em um mapa, mas, sobretudo, por uma “cartografia” de sentidos, traçada por um “gesto de interpretação” de uma “territorialidade”.
WC e gênero: discursos em movimento
Authors: Bocchi Aline Fernandes de Azevedo , Garcia Dantielli Assumpção , Pereira Fernanda , Poltronieri Karen , Lozano Melissa Frangella , Sousa Lucília Maria Abrahão e
Published: July 2018

A partir da perspectiva teórica da Análise de Discurso em articulação com as Teorias de Estudos de Gêneros, analisaremos como sentidos sobre as identidades de gêneros são constituídos e circulam em um conjunto de imagens de portas de banheiros. Nessas portas, funcionando como um modo de realização da ideologia dominante, atravessadas pelo funcionamento de diferentes aparelhos ideológicos, é possível perceber a sustentação de dizeres filiados à matriz heterossexual, a qual dicotomiza os gêneros em masculino e feminino. Ainda, nossas análises mostram que as portas de banheiros também podem ser o lugar de produção de sentidos outros para os gêneros, confirmando a tese de Pêcheux de que a ideologia é um ritual com falhas.
Molecular genetic mechanisms of ovarian organization and development
Authors: Zenkina V. G. , Solodkova O. A.
Published: July 2018

A review of the literature devoted to the analysis of conditions and development of the female reproductive gland. From the moment of the formation of urogenital scallops to the formation of a full gonad, at the different stages of ontogeny, a huge number of genes, factors and proteins are expressed, since in them the primary sex cells and in their surroundings render folliculogenesis and determine the reproductive health of a woman. Aberrant production of these factors can be the cause of ovarian dysfunction and disorders. Different points of view on the emergence of the problem of migration and colonization of germ cells in female gonads, as well as directions for further fundamental and practical research. The development and differentiation of the follicle is a succession of events that are tightly regulated by endocrine factors, intraocular regulators and intercellular interactions. The initial migration of germ cells and their multiplication within the urogenital scallop require regulation using integrated signals such as growth factors, transcription and differentiation, secreted oocytes, transforming growth factors, growth factor and differentiation-9, bone morphogenetic proteins, stem cell factor, basic growth factor of fibroblasts, tumor factor of Williams transcription, gene steroidogenesis, antimulylerovy hormone, meiosis-regulating genes and many others, as well as a contact these interactions of germ cells with extracellular matrix proteins and cellular substrates attract the developing gonads. Recent studies indicate the possibility of obtaining human gametes from the culture of stem cells, a distinct molecular genetic mechanism of the origin, migration and colonization of the sex cells. Consequently, the understanding that all the subtleties and molecular mechanisms at each stage of the bookmarking and development of the ovaries, germ cells and their environment, the death of gametes, can help in finding regulators and preventing pathological follicular depletion.
Clinical scale to assess of bronchial obstruction severity at preschoolers
Authors: Kamaltynova E. M. , Deev I. A. , Fedorova O. S. , Nikolaeva N. V. , Polevshchikova M. I.
Published: July 2018

The severity of the disease is the main factor for further treatment. Bronchoobstructive syndrome of children is widespread. Early detection of the disease severity and correct treatment eliminate the clinical manifestation of the syndrome and improve the quality of patients life. Criteria of severity, as a rule, serve a certain set of clinical and paraclinical parameters used for different nosological forms. In particular, the decrease in parameters of the function of external respiration is the “gold standard” for assessing the severity. Lung function tests for preschoolers are limited. Clinical respiratory scales may be useful in the evaluation of preschooler. Alternative assessment respiratory function is sometimes used as clinical scale. Numerous studies devoted to the objective assessment of bronchial obstruction syndrome severity. A scientific literature review is dedicated to the analysis to the assessment of the bronchoobstructive syndrome severity degree and the effectiveness of therapy at preschool-aged children.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of biological agents in managing of relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Khaleva E. G. , Novik G. A. , Rokhlina F. V.
Published: July 2018

Relapsing polychondritis (RPC) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of cartilaginous tissues and other proteoglycan rich tissues. A concomitant disease, particularly myelodysplasia or systemic autoimmune disease can be detected in one-third of the patients with RPC. Unlike adults in children, RPC is less often associated with other autoimmune diseases. The diagnosis of RPC is established using the criteria of Mc Adam (1976) or Damiani (1979). The basis of the pathogenesis of RPC is an autoimmune reaction, which is initially directed against cartilage and then spreads to non-cartilaginous tissues. One of the elements in the pathogenesis of RPC is the mechanical trauma of cartilage, resulting in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon-γ, interleukin-8, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1) and local inflammation followed by the formation of autoantibodies in a patient with a genetic predisposition. In the treatment of RPC, steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine are used and, if they are ineffective, immunosuppressants are prescribed. The most effective anti-cytokine drugs used in the treatment of RPC are tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, IL-1 receptor antagonists, an inhibitor of the costimulatory pathway of T-lymphocyte activation, monoclonal antibodies against the IL-6 receptor. Given the fact that management of these patients is very complex, the aim of the study is to review available data on pathogenetic mechanisms of biological agents in managing of relapsing polychondritis.
The restrained inguinal hernia at children with violation a floor form
Authors: Axel’rov M. A. , Khramova E. B. , Evdokimov V. N. , Shaytarova A. V. , Stolyar A. V.
Published: July 2018

The most common surgical pathology of childhood, which is necessary for doctors of all specialties, is the inguinal hernia. In the treatment of this pathology, both open procedure and laparoscopic surgery are used. Infringement of a hernia, manifested by sudden or gradual compression of its contents in the gates, is a dangerous complication.

Violation of the formation of sex - a condition associated with the clinical and biochemical manifestation of the discrepancy between the genetic, gonadal and phenotypic sex of the child. Traditionally, the term “hermaphroditism” is used to describe this state. A distinction is recognized between true hermaphroditism (gonadal) and false hermaphroditism (the presence of signs opposite to the gonadal sex of the subject). True hermaphroditism is a rare disease. False female hermaphroditism is attributed to conditions in which the female karyotype and gonads that are characteristic of the female sex are determined. But the external genitalia have a bisexual structure. The most common cause of false female hermaphroditism is congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex.

According to several authors, a frequent cause of amblysexuality of the genitals in newborns is mixed gonadal dysgenesis – a condition in which phenotypic men or women have an egg on one side, and a gonadal cord located either in a wide bundle or on the pelvic wall and consisting from the stroma of the ovary on the other. At birth, the external genitalia are usually the penis, the uro-genital sinus and the labia genitalia, which are intertwined in the scrotum.

Evaluation of the patient’s local status with violation of the formation of sex in the occurrence of surgical pathology is not an easy task, since the appearance of the external genitalia in the XX and XY subjects is the same. In 2015, in connection with the injured inguinal hernia in the department of pediatric surgery No. 1, the State Children’s Clinical Hospital “OKB No. 2” in Tyumen received treatment for two children with a violation of the formation of sex. Difficulties in interpreting intraoperative data prompted us to describe these cases.
Health and gene polymorphisms of the hemostatic system in newborn with thrombotic and ischemic events
Authors: Belousova T. V. , Leonova A. A. , Plyushkin V. A.
Published: July 2018

The purposeof this study is to reveal the peculiarities of the state, polymorphism of hemostatic genes in newborns with thrombotic and related ischemic events.

Materials and methods. The analysis of 40 fixed cards for newborns with thrombosis and isschemic events who were in the offices of GBUZ NSO “Novosibirsk State regional clinical hospital”. A study of indicators of blood coagulation, defined by the carriage of thrombohemorrhagic gene polymorphic variants was conducted. The control group included 30 healthy newborns.

Results. The structure of thrombotic complications was analyzed, and a number of ischemic complications were revealed in infants. A statistical analysis was carried out, which allowed the presence of features of hemostatic system in thrombotic and related ischemic events in newborns to be established. The most significant gene polymorphisms found with these complications in the neonatal period of life are revealed.

Conclusion. The hemostatic system in children of the considered group is characterized by a high Level of d-dimers, in the neonatal period, Leiden mutation is the most important, thrombotic and ischemic events are more common in children with a combination of several polymorphisms of the genes of the hemostasis system.
Remote consequences of prematurity: violations of physical development and eating behavior of children and adolescents
Authors: Rafikova Ju. S. , Podporina M. A. , Saprina T. V. , Loshkova E. V. , Mikhalev E. V. , Stolyarova V. A. , Nagaeva T. A. , Agarkova L. A. , Мikheenko G. A.
Published: July 2018

Aim. To characterize the physical development (PD) and eating behavior (EB) of children and adolescents born prematurely.

Materials and methods. The study involved 123 people born in the period 1997-2008, 58 children born prematurely, age (12 ± 1.3) years, gestation period (33.07 ± 1.9) weeks (main group). The control group consisted of 65 full-term peers, age (12.7 ± 2.2) years, gestational age (39.5 ± 0.8) weeks. Participants were evaluated by PD (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), throat circumference (TC)) under the WHO AnthroPlus program, and EB using the Dutch DEBQ questionnaire.

Results. Growth and Z-score growth of boys and girls of the main group is lower than that of their fullterm peers, p = 0.04; 0.004 (p < 0.0001 for Z-score growth). Z-score BMI in boys and girls of the main group is higher than in full-term, p = 0.04; 0.01. WC/TC the girls of the main group is higher than in fullterm peers, p < 0.0001. In premature boys, the restrictive type is 13.3%, emotional and external – 50%, the combination of emotional and external – 33.3%. In the control restrictive – 5,7%, emotional – 28,6%, external – 32,3%, the combination of emotional and external – 10,8%, the combination of all three types – 5,7%. In the group of premature girls restrictive –7.1% against 36.7% in the control, (p = 0.007), emotsiogenic – 10.7% against 36.6% of the control (p = 0.02), external – 10.3% against 60% of the control (p = 0.003). In the control group the combination of external and emotiogenic – 16.7% (in the primary group is 0, p = 0.02). Preterm boys emotiogenic and external and their combination more often than girls (p = 0.001; 0.02; 0.001).

Conclusion.Children and adolescents born prematurely are below full-term peers and have a high z-score of BMI. Boys realize violations of external and emotional types, and their combination.
Obesity in mothers and metabolic disorders in both mothers and children: possible influences
Authors: Smetanina S. A. , Suplotova L. A. , Khramova E. B. , Girsh Y. V.
Published: July 2018

Aim. To study the relationship between obesity of the mother, the body weight of the newborn and the formation of metabolic disturbances in subsequent periods of life.

Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted in which 1,000 women of reproductive age and their newborns were included by the random number method. The mean age is 29.5 [25.0; 33.5] years. The examination included the collection of anamnesis, measurement of body height and body weight, blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index determination. Micro- and macrosomia in term infants was diagnosed with a birth weight less than 15 and more than 97 percentiles (WHO, 2005). The laboratory study included the determination of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low density lipoproteins, insulin and C-peptides of basal and stimulated levels, leptin, adiponectin, determination of insulin resistance indices (HOMA-IR) and pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β). The statistical analysis of the material was carried out using the Statistica 10 software package, SPSS 13.0. Statistically significant differences were taken into account at a level of p < 0.05.

Results. It was found that when pregnancy occurs, 41.0% of women are overweight or obese. In the study, the pathological mass of the body in the neonatal period was detected in every fourth newborn (24.8%), including microsomia (11.3%) and macrosomia (13.5%). As a result, differences in the body weight of newborns were found, depending on the maternal pregestational BMI. For example, women with obesity of the first degree were more likely to have children with macrosomia in 33.3% of cases than women with normal body weight, whose incidence of children with macrosomia was detected in 12.0% of cases (OR 6.8; 95% CI 2.66–17.56; p < 0.001). In women in the reproductive period, macrosomia at birth was more characteristic for people with a metabolic syndrome, and was associated with hormone-metabolic changes.

Conclusion. Тhe results demonstrate the effect of pre-gestational body weight in women with obesity on the body weight of offspring at birth. Both macrosomia and microsomia at birth can be risk factors for the development of the metabolic syndrome in the long term, which confirms the importance of preventing overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age in the pre-gestational period.
Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation of RFID chips embedded in Artificial Organs
Authors: Jones Erick C , Cavitt Maurice , Mekala Dejing
Published: July 2018

Advances in medical technology rely heavily on the collection and analysis of measured data to facilitate patient diagnosis and business decisions. The healthcare industry, particularly pharmaceuticals and diagnostic processes, has an ongoing need to improve item tracking and data collection to improve the quality of care while reducing cost. This paper primarily focuses on integrating Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) inside of artificial organs to provide doctors and nurses a better synopsis of the embedded organ. The remote, non-invasive characteristics of RFID can facilitate the information needs of healthcare without imposing additional burden onto the patient or staff. Properly deployed RFID enabled devices is envisioned to provide convenient and accurate data for artificial organs conditions, and critical information that may be necessary for medical specialist to better serve patients with these organs. This paper describes an all-encompassing RFID tracking system that begins with compliance documentation from implementation duration of the patient’s life. This RFID system can provide data for decision-making and facilitate compliance with FDA imposed e-pedigree requirements. This transcript introduces healthcare trends in order to motivate the need for a biocompatible RFID system. The overall goal of the pending research is to develop biocompatible RFID tag components for use with systems implemented inside artificial organs and continued through the duration of the device as mentioned above. It is envisioned that successful implementation of this technology could improve life expectancy of patients with artificial organs by ten percent.
Characterization of Mitochondrial GSH Transporters and Their Role in RPE Protection
Authors: Wang Mo , Lau Ling-ing , Sreekumar Parameswaran G. , Spee Christine , Liu Lin , Hinton David R. , Sadda Srinivas R. , Kannan Ram
Published: July 2018

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are thought to be relevant to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Glutathione (GSH) homeostasis fulfills a number of important roles in mitochondria, such as maintenance of mitochondrial DNA and respiratory competency of cells. Although the transport of mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) is not fully understood, increasing evidence from non-ocular tissues suggests that OGC (2-oxoglutarate carrier, SLC25A11) and DIC (dicarboxylate carrier, SLC25A10) are involved in mGSH transport. However, whether OGC and DIC mediate the transfer of GSH into the mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) remains unknown. Thus, we investigated the expression, localization, and function of OGC and DIC in human RPE (hRPE) in relation to oxidative stress and GSH. Both OGC and DIC are expressed in hRPE and are localized in mitochondria. We also found a dose and time-dependent decrease of OGC and DIC expression under oxidative stress and increased expression in polarized RPE. Our data show that the downregulation of OGC and DIC resulted in increased apoptosis and mGSH depletion which can be overcome by co-treatment with GSH-MEE. These findings suggest that overexpression of OGC and DIC may be an effective strategy to decrease susceptibility to mitochondrial toxicants by elevation of mGSH.
Uncatalyzed Addition and Cyclization of TSN3 to 1,1-Enediamines: An Effective Green Route to Highly Functionalized 1,2,3-Triazole Compounds
Authors: Yang Chang-Long , Zhang Yu-Hao , Zi Quan-Xing , Lin Jun , Yan Sheng-Jiao
Published: July 2018

Novel 1,2,3-triazole compounds 3–4 were synthesised via the regioselective addition and cyclization reaction of 1,1-enediamines (EDAMs) 1 with p-methylbenzenesulfonyl azide (TsN3) 2 in 1,4-dioxane at refluxing for 5 hours. As a result, 1,2,3-triazoles 3–4 can be easily and efficiently obtained via catalyst-free click chemistry. The reactions have some advantages such as metal-free catalyst, excellent yield, inexpensive raw materials, and convenient final treatment.
Energy Diagnosis of University Buildings: Renewable Energy Institute from UNAM
Authors: González Oscar , Morales Miguel , Seefoó Carla , Morillón David , Valdés Hugo
Published: July 2018

An energy diagnosis is a tool used to seek the improvement of energy saving measures, environmental conservation and energy efficiency, making relevant its implementation in any kind of buildings. For this article, an energy diagnosis of third level was carried out in buildings of the Instituto de Energías Renovables (IER) from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) through survey and census of the 36 buildings in the IER, in order to characterize current patterns of energy consumption and demand, and generating specific strategies towards savings and energy efficiency, such as indicators and corrective proposals within and non-financial investment.
Towards Neuromorphic Learning Machines using Emerging Memory Devices with Brain-like Energy Efficiency
Authors: Saxena Vishal , Wu Xinyu , Srivastava Ira , Zhu Kehan
Published: July 2018

The ongoing revolution in Deep Learning is redefining the nature of computing that is driven by the increasing amount of pattern classification and cognitive tasks. Specialized digital hardware for deep learning still holds its predominance due to the flexibility offered by the software implementation and maturity of algorithms. However, it is being increasingly desired that cognitive computing occurs at the edge, i.e. on hand-held devices that are energy constrained, which is a energy prohibitive when employing digital von Neumann architectures. Recent explorations in digital neuromorphic hardware have shown promise, but offer low neurosynaptic density needed for scaling to applications such as intelligent cognitive assistants (ICA). Large-scale integration of CMOS mixed-signal integrated circuits and nanoscale emerging memory devices can enable a new generation of Neuromorphic computers that can alleviate the von Neumann bottleneck for cognitive computing tasks. Such hybrid Neuromorphic System-on-a-chip (NeuSoC) architectures promise machine learning capability at chip-scale form factors, and several orders of magnitude reduction in energy consumption. Practical demonstration of such architectures has been impeded as the performance of these emerging devices falls short of the expected behavior from the idealized analog synapses, or weights, and new learning algorithms are needed to take advantage of the device behavior. In this work, we discuss the challenges involved and present a pathway to realize ultra-lo-power mixed-signal NeuSoC, from device arrays and circuits to spike-based deep learning algorithms, with ‘brain-like’ energy-efficiency.
How Safe Is Organic Farming by Subsistence Farmers from Developing Countries in the Face of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment?
Authors: Olowoyo Joshua , Mugivhisa Liziwe
Published: July 2018

Organic farming products are fast gaining acceptance from consumers all over the world due to the perceived belief that they are safe for human consumption. In recent years, there has been an increase in the levels of persistent organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment. These pollutants may be found in materials such as sewage sludge, treated wastewater, farmyard manure (human and animal feaces and urine) that are used for organic farming. The present review examined through literature the presence of these emerging pollutants in crops that are cultivated from farming activities practicing organic farming. The review highlighted and documented various pollutants that may be found in crops due to non-compliance with legislation establishing organic farming. The need to develop a robust method for identifying safe products from organic farming was highlighted. The impact of non-compliance and lack of proper education on the peasant farmers practicing backyard farming was also enumerated.
Moderate Effect of Flavonoids on Vascular and Renal Function In Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Paredes María Dolores , Romecín Paola , Atucha Noemi , O’Valle Francisco , Castillo Julian , Ortiz M. Clara , Garcia-Estañ Joaquin
Published: July 2018

We have evaluated the antihypertensive effect of several flavonoid extracts in the spontaneous hypertensive rat model (SHR). Treatments were carried out for 6 and 12 weeks in two groups of SHR rats which received Apigenin, Lemon Extract, Grapefruit + Bitter Orange (GBO) extracts and Cocoa extract. Captopril was used as a positive control in the SHR group treated for 6 weeks (SHR6) and Diosmin was used as the industry reference in the SHR group treated for 12 weeks (SHR12). Captopril and GBO extracts significantly reduced the elevated blood pressure of the SHR6 animals, but none of the extracts was effective in the SHR12 group. Apigenin, LE, GBO and captopril also ameliorated nitric oxide-dependent and independent aortic vascular relaxation and elevated plasma and urinary excretion of nitrites, only in the SHR6 group. Kidney and urinary TBARS were also significantly reduced by GBO in the SHR6 rats. Apigenin also improved vascular relaxation in the SHR12 group and all the flavonoids studied reduced urinary TBARS excretion and proteinuria. Vascular abnormalities such as lumen/wall ratio in coronary arteries and thoracic aorta were moderately improved by these treatments in the SHR6 group. In conclusion, the flavonoids included in this study, especially apigenin, LE and GBO improved vascular vasodilatory function of young adult SHRs but only the GBO-treated rats benefited from a reduction in BP. These extracts may be used as functional food ingredients with a moderate therapeutic benefit, especially in the early phases of arterial hypertension.
Phases Of Adjoint QCD$_3$ And Dualities
Authors: Gomis Jaume , Komargodski Zohar , Seiberg Nathan
Published: July 2018

We study 2+1 dimensional gauge theories with a Chern-Simons term and
a fermion in the adjoint representation. We apply general considerations
of symmetries, anomalies, and renormalization group flows to determine
the possible phases of the theory as a function of the gauge group, the
Chern-Simons level kk,
and the fermion mass. We propose an inherently quantum mechanical phase
of adjoint QCD with small enough kk,
where the infrared is described by a certain Topological Quantum Field
Theory (TQFT). For a special choice of the mass, the theory has
{\cal N}=1
supersymmetry. There this TQFT is accompanied by a massless Majorana
fermion – a Goldstino signaling spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. Our
analysis leads us to conjecture a number of new infrared fermion-fermion
dualities involving SUSU,
SOSO,
and SpSp
gauge theories. It also leads us to suggest a phase diagram of
SO/SpSO/Sp
gauge theories with a fermion in the traceless symmetric/antisymmetric
tensor representation of the gauge group.
Novel Chemical Method for Decreasing of Toxicity of Highly Cytotoxic Amidoximes by Introduction of Benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl Fragment
Authors: Abele Edgars , Abele Ramona , Golomba Lena , Domracheva Ilona , Beresneva Tatjana , Jaschenko Elina , Gulbe Anita
Published: July 2018

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the research is to obtain and to investigate the cytotoxicity of a
novel class of non-toxic oximes – derivatives of N-(benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-ylmethoxy)-ω-
(hetarylsulfanyl)-alkanamidines.

Materials and Methods:

To assess the possible toxicity of the compounds, acute oral LD50 was calculated.
The calculations were based on tested compounds IC50 values in relation to 3T3 (mouse fibroblast cell line)
using NRU assay. Monolayer tumor cell lines HT-1080 (human fibrosarcoma, ATCC® CCL-121™), MH-22A
(mouse hepatoma, ECACC code, 96121721) and NIH/3T3 (mouse Swiss Albino embryo fibroblasts, ATCC®
CRL-1658™), were cultured in standard medium (Dulbecco`s modified Eagle`s medium) supplemented with
10% fetal bovine serum (“Sigma”).

Results:

E-Stereoselective synthesis of novel N-(benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-ylmethoxy)-ω-
(hetarylsulfanyl)alkanamidines as potential cytotoxic agents was carried out in three steps from corresponding
thiones. N-(Benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-ylmethoxy)-5-(benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-pentanamidine exhibits
high activity in vitro on the monolayer tumour cell lines: MG-22A (mouse hepatoma) and HT-1080
(human fibrosarcoma). Besides this, the above compound exhibits low toxicity on the 3T3 cell line and low
estimated acute oral LD50 (LD50 2759 mg/kg).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, such dramatic decreasing of expected acute toxicity and high cytotoxicity by the
introduction of benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl fragment into N-hydroxy-ω-(hetarylsulfanyl)alkanamidines
were demonstrated for the first time (see, for example, toxicity and cytotoxicity of compound 8b and corresponding
unsubstituted oxime).