bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating polyphenol and ascorbic acid contents, tannin removal ability, and physical properties during hydrolysis and convective hot-air drying of cashew apple powder
Authors: Pham Binh An , Tran Thi Yen Nhi , Nguyen Tung Xuan Tan , Dao Tan Phat , Ngo Hoang Duy , Vu Ngoc Duc
Published: September 2024

Cashew apple is a source of by-products in the cashew industry. Powder products provide convenience to the process of use, transport, and preservation of nutrients. In this study, the production of soluble powder from cashew apples was developed through the investigation of hydrolysis process (time, temperature, and enzyme tannase) and convective drying conditions (temperature and maltodextrin content). The following indicators are evaluated, such as the total polyphenol content (TPC), total tannin content, total ascorbic acid, solubility, turbidity, and color. The results have shown that TPC increased by 1.67 times, and more than 50% of tannins was removed after the hydrolysis process. At the same time, the efficiency of the process over 30% under all processing conditions was evaluated. These results are the foundation for the development of cashew apple powder and related products, thereby improving the economy of the cashew industry in Vietnam and the world.
Structural features and tectonic activity of the Weihe Fault, central China
Authors: Tian Qinhu , Wang Shidi , Li Xiaoni , Liu Lei
Published: September 2024

The study of tectonic activity holds great significance in assessing historical and modern seismic risks. The Weihe Graben is a significant intracontinental graben system in China, with numerous active faults that have caused a series of earthquakes, including the Huaxian great earthquake (M ∼ 8.5) in 1556 with approximately 830,000 deaths. Despite the obvious spatial relationship between the Weihe fault (WF) and these earthquakes, detailed research on the fault is still lacking. Various techniques including remote sensing images, digital elevation model, shallow seismic lines, trench excavation, drilling sections, and optically stimulated luminescence dating, have been utilized to obtain the following results: (1) The WF passes through the scarp of the Weihe River terrace in the north of Xianyang and can be divided into east and west sections at Jinjia village; (2) The WF is a normal fault that strikes northeast and dips south with a dipping angle of 65°–75°; (3) The fault has been active during the Holocene; (4) The vertically offset and dating results suggest that the fault activity has gradually decreased since the late Pleistocene, and the vertical slip rate during the Holocene is only 0.04–0.13 mm/year.
Insights into a new class of unbounded operators
Authors: Bahloul Aymen
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to introduce the new class of left and right B-Weyl operators, which naturally extends the conventional concepts of left and right Weyl operators. Our contributions encompass demonstrating the stability of the left (and right) B-Weyl operators under small perturbations. We further characterize the left (and right) B-Weyl operators as the direct sum of a closed left (and right) Drazin invertible operator and a finite rank operator. Additionally, we present some characterizations of the left and right B-Weyl spectra, utilizing the left and right Drazin spectra as essential components. Furthermore, our obtained results play a pivotal role in exploring the interrelations between the left and right B-Weyl spectra and other spectra integral to the realm of B-Fredholm theory. This paper seeks to enhance and extend the recent research explored in
[F. Abdmouleh and T. Ben Lakhal,
Left and right B-Fredholm operators,
Ukrainian Math. J. 74 2023, 10, 1479–1489] to a larger class in the unbounded B-Fredholm operators theory.
Hither and Yawn: Malory’s Drowsy Lancelot in the
Morte Darthur
– ‘shew me somthynge of that I seke’ (MD
773.23–26).
Authors: Hanks Jr D. Thomas
Published: September 2024

Early in Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte Arthur Merlin predicts that the child Lancelot will become ‘the moste man of worship of the world’ (MD 100.7). Later, in King Arthur and the Emperour Lucius, the still-youthful Lancelot is heralded as having ‘no felowe’ in ‘wyse wytte and . . gret strengthe of his ayge’ (MD 168.17–19). Still a major character in the next four sections of the Morte Darthur – ‘Sir Launcelot du Lake’, ‘Sir Gareth of Orkney’, and the two ‘books’ of ‘Sir Tristram […]’, he loses his dominant role in The Sankgreal. As the Grail Quest begins, in fact, Malory revises his presentation of his chief knight. Thus Lancelot learns from a suddenly-appearing damsel that he is now only ‘the best knyght […] of ony synfull man of the worlde’ (MD 672.9, 14–19). Thus lessened, he begins his Quest only to be lessened further, first defeated by Galahad, then by virtually every knight he challenges. Moreover, he is beset by sudden nap-attacks. Thus hampered – by his unconfessed sin, we learn – Lancelot fails at almost every chivalric endeavor he attempts in the Quest. The ‘hero’ of The Sankgreal is Galahad, of course – but the thematic center and the most ‘conflicted’ character is Lancelot – who, contradicting his earlier valor and success, yawns or at least naps through many of the high points of The Sankgreal. Ironically, his greatest success is a final defeat – for which he thanks God.
MCMVDRP: a multi-channel multi-view deep learning framework for cancer drug response prediction
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Shi Xiumin , Li Yuxuan , Wang Lu
Published: September 2024

Drug therapy remains the primary approach to treating tumours. Variability among cancer patients, including variations in genomic profiles, often results in divergent therapeutic responses to analogous anti-cancer drug treatments within the same cohort of cancer patients. Hence, predicting the drug response by analysing the genomic profile characteristics of individual patients holds significant research importance. With the notable progress in machine learning and deep learning, many effective methods have emerged for predicting drug responses utilizing features from both drugs and cell lines. However, these methods are inadequate in capturing a sufficient number of features inherent to drugs. Consequently, we propose a representational approach for drugs that incorporates three distinct types of features: the molecular graph, the SMILE strings, and the molecular fingerprints. In this study, a novel deep learning model, named MCMVDRP, is introduced for the prediction of cancer drug responses. In our proposed model, an amalgamation of these extracted features is performed, followed by the utilization of fully connected layers to predict the drug response based on the IC50 values. Experimental results demonstrate that the presented model outperforms current state-of-the-art models in performance.
Integrating the probe and singular sources methods
Authors: Ikehata Masaru
Published: September 2024

The probe and singular sources methods are two well-known classical direct reconstruction methods
in inverse obstacle problems governed by partial differential equations.
In this paper, by considering an inverse obstacle problem governed by the Laplace equation in a bounded domain as a prototype case,
an integrated theory of the probe and singular sources methods is proposed.
The theory consists of three parts: (i) introducing the singular sources method combined with the notion of
the probe method;
(ii) finding a third indicator function whose two ways decomposition yields the indicator functions in the probe and singular sources methods;
(iii) finding the completely integrated version of the probe and singular sources methods.
Genetic advances in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Gao Shilin , Shan Chaoyi , Zhang Rong , Wang Tianyun
Published: September 2024

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a group of highly heterogeneous diseases that affect children’s social, cognitive, and emotional functioning. The etiology is complicated with genetic factors playing an important role. During the past decade, large-scale whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) have vastly advanced the genetic findings of NDDs. Various forms of variants have been reported to contribute to NDDs, such as de novo mutations (DNMs), copy number variations (CNVs), rare inherited variants (RIVs), and common variation. By far, over 200 high-risk NDD genes have been identified, which are involved in biological processes including synaptic function, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. In addition, monogenic, oligogenic, polygenetic, and omnigenic models have been proposed to explain the genetic architecture of NDDs. However, the majority of NDD patients still do not have a definitive genetic diagnosis. In the future, more types of risk factors, as well as noncoding variants, are await to be identified, and including their interplay mechanisms are key to resolving the etiology and heterogeneity of NDDs.
Mechanical and metallurgical properties of a glass fiber-reinforced Al7075 hybrid composite produced by infiltration and after aging and abrasion
Authors: Kaner Sidem
Published: September 2024

Within the scope of this study, composite structures were produced by reinforcing Al7075 with 6 mm size glass fiber (GF) scrap at different weight rates (2–3 %) using the infiltration method. Mechanical and metallurgical examination of unreinforced Al7075 samples and reinforced Al7075 composite samples were carried out. After the aging heat treatment of the samples, pin-on-disc wear and hardness tests were performed. FESEM and EDS analyses were conducted to examine the hardness and microstructural changes caused by the applied processes on the samples. It was observed that GF reinforcement increased the hardness of the material and there was full wettability between Al 7075 and GF. Thus, wear resistance increased. The highest hardness and wear resistance were obtained in the 6 h aged 2 wt.% GF-reinforced Al 7075 matrix hybrid composite sample. In addition, it was observed that the distribution of GF scrap added as reinforcement at a rate of 2 wt.% in Al 7075 was homogeneous, and the hardness measurements taken from different areas were similar.
Crystal structure of [1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazine-3-carboxylic acid]-(methylsulfinyl)methane, C15H16N2O6S
Authors: Pan Hui-Bin , Tuo Meng-Qi , Gao Xia , Liu Jin , Lu Jiu-Fu
Published: September 2024

C15H16N2O6S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.1325(3) Å, b = 6.2088(2) Å, c = 23.8080(6) Å, β = 99.266(2)°, V = 1,624.12(8) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0431, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1271, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2,2′-(iminobis(methylene))bis(benzimidazolium) bis(p-toluenesulfonate), C30H31N5O6S2
Authors: Li Yun-Dong , Mei Lian-Ping , Dang Hui , Ma Hang
Published: September 2024

C30H31N5O6S2, Triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.8856(3) Å, b = 10.9499(4) Å, c = 14.5715(5) Å, α = 101.939(1)°, β = 92.80(1)°, γ = 106.580(1)°, V = 1469.21(9) Å3, Z = 2, T = 200 K, R
gt(F) = 0.0495, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1538.
Functions of CAFs in microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer: based on updated hallmarks of cancer
Authors: Feng Xiaoyan , Zhu Binghan , Peng Yali , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Yangchun , Huang Guichun , Li Yan
Published: September 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer, which ranks as the first malignant tumor in mortality. The occurrence and development of NSCLC are closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are considered to be critical regulators of the occurrence and development of NSCLC, which have essential effects on multiple biological characteristics of NSCLC. The hallmarks of cancer biology have been updated recently, however, there are no reviews revisiting the function of CAFs in tumor microenvironment. This article reviews the origin, markers, and classification of CAFs, their impacts on the characteristics of NSCLC, and potential therapeutic targets of CAFs to help develop individualized treatment plans for NSCLC.
Request for confirmation sequences in Egyptian Arabic
Authors: Marmorstein Michal
Published: September 2024

The article presents a description of request for confirmation (RfC) sequences in everyday conversation in Egyptian Arabic. Through a quantitative analysis of 200 sequences excerpted from telephone calls, the analysis is concerned to identify the main design features of RfC sequences and their context-sensitive distribution and use. Analysis reveals that RfCs in Egyptian Arabic often do not bear special syntactic or prosodic marking. Lexical devices, such as inference markers, tag questions, and modulation markers, make explicit the specific epistemic position of the requesters. RfCs mostly attract confirmations. These can be accomplished by minimal responses; however, in most cases, a more elaborate format is used. Greater epistemic independence is suggested in confirmations in which no token is used. Non-minimal responses seem to be normative in the case of disconfirmations. Responders can also employ dedicated means for declining to provide a dis/confirmation. The findings of this study support the view of RfC sequences as a complex site for the display and negotiation of knowledge and social positioning.
Lithium–sulfur batteries beyond lithium-ion counterparts: reasonable substituting challenges, current research focus, binding critical role, and cathode designing
Authors: Boorboor Ajdari Farshad , Niknam Shahrak Mahdi , Ershadi Mahshid , Shakourian-Fard Mehdi , Abbasi Fereshteh , Kamath Ganesh , Akbari Beni Faeze , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Ghenaatian Hamid Reza , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: September 2024

Despite concerns regarding safety, economics, and the environment, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considerably utilized on account of their low energy density and capacity. Li–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have become a promising substitute for LIBs. Here, we first compared both systems in their cons and pros and analyzed the leading countries and companies in Li–S research are assessed through the utilization of an academic database. The scope of our research includes performance-enhancing design elements, cathode components, and binder materials. Synthetic and natural binders are trialed in an effort to enhance Li–S performance. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms enables the development of durable cathodes and binders. To overcome obstacles such as polysulfide adsorption, shuttle effect, and ion transport limitations, conducting polymers, metal/metal oxides, carbon-based compounds, MOFs, and Mxenes are investigated as potential cathode materials. In addition to pore characteristics and active polar sites, the efficacy of a battery is influenced by the anode surface geometry and heteroatom doping. Our review indicates that binders and sulfur/host composites must be meticulously chosen for Li–S battery cathode materials. This research advances energy storage technology by establishing the foundation for economically viable lithium–sulfur batteries with superior performance.
Semi-IPN polysaccharide-based hydrogels for effective removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater: a comprehensive investigation of performance and adsorption mechanism
Authors: Zanbili Fatemeh , Gozali Balkanloo Peyman , Poursattar Marjani Ahmad
Published: September 2024

The escalating issue of environmental pollutants necessitates efficient, sustainable, and innovative wastewater treatment technologies. This review comprehensively analyzes the mechanisms and isotherms underlying the adsorption processes of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) polysaccharide-based hydrogels to remove heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater. Polysaccharides are extensively utilized in hydrogel synthesis due to their biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and non-toxic nature. The synthesis of these hydrogels as semi-IPNs enhances their mechanical and structural robustness and adsorption capacity. This review explores the key parameters affecting adsorption performance, including pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. Findings highlight that semi-IPN polysaccharide-based hydrogels exhibit remarkable adsorption capabilities through electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, and surface complexation. Furthermore, this review highlights the distinct advantages of semi-IPNs over other polymer networks. Semi-IPNs offer improved mechanical stability, higher adsorption efficiencies, and better reusability, making them a promising solution for wastewater treatment. Detailed isotherm models, including Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were studied to understand these hydrogels’ adsorption behavior and capacity for different pollutants. This study highlights the potential of semi-IPN polysaccharide-based hydrogels as effective adsorbents for heavy metals and dyes and as a promising solution for mitigating environmental pollution. The insights provided herein contribute to developing advanced materials for environmental remediation, aligning with global sustainability goals, and advancing wastewater treatment technology.
Research on adaptive optics technology based on phase contrast Gerchberg Saxton algorithm
Authors: Wang Rui , Ke Xizheng , Lang Jingyuan , Wu JiaLi
Published: September 2024

In wireless optical communication, the optical signal passes through the atmospheric turbulence, resulting in the simultaneous distortion of the amplitude and phase of the optical signal at the receiving end. This article applies the idea of phase contrast method to simultaneously compensate the amplitude and phase of the optical signal at the receiving end, derives the mapping relationship between the compensated phase and light intensity, and obtains the required compensated phase for full-field compensation. Numerical calculations show that when the difference between zero-frequency phase compensation and nonzero-frequency phase compensation is ±π, the maximum light intensity compensation is obtained. Based on the Gerchberg Saxton algorithm, a new method is proposed to invert the compensated phase with the maximum light intensity after full-field compensation and perform full-field correction through the adaptive optical system. The numerical calculation and experiment show that the phase contrast Gerchberg Saxton algorithm can effectively compensate the distorted optical signals under different turbulence, and thus the received signals of optical wireless communication can be corrected in full field.
Calibrating families: Data behaviourism and the new algorithmic logic
Authors: Gillies Val , Edwards Ros , Vannier Ducasse Helene
Published: September 2024

Family intervention is a long-established mechanism of state control, but recent technological developments are facilitating new regulatory capacities and objectives. This paper will explore how contemporary welfare policy interventions in the UK are converging around a technological solutionist ideology that centres family relationships as core instruments of social management. The last decade has seen a marked techno-administrative turn, with family/state relationships increasingly mediated through online portals and dashboards. Over the last few years this data-centric model has accelerated towards an algorithmic approach to governance through the incorporation of big data surveillance, predictive analytics and behavioural interventions to monitor and socially engineer populations. In this paper we draw on policy analysis and freedom of information requests to trace the embedding of data collection frameworks into apparently conventional family intervention programmes in the UK, and show how this “datification” was made into a core delivery tool. We also highlight how secrecy, or at the very least strategic silence, has restricted public knowledge of how and why data is being collected and used in the UK. We show how parents and children are being quantified and translated into datapoints to support new logics of choice manipulation, ceding unprecedented power to financiers, data analytic and social marketing companies, platform developers and big tech industries. The resulting financialization of family welfare services tracks the contours of longstanding social divisions, reconfiguring and in many cases compounding the injustices of race, class and gender. This algorithmic calibration of children and parents is extending the regulatory powers of the state far beyond previous efforts to govern and control poor families, with under-explored consequences for the principles of democracy and justice.
Combining Multiple Text Representations for Improved Automatic Evaluation of Indonesian Essay Answers
Authors: Wibowo Moh Edi , Rokhman Nur , Sihabudin Agus
Published: August 2024

multiple-choices, regarding students’ learning achievement. When the number of students in a class is huge, however, examinations using essay questions become hard to conduct and take a long evaluation time. Automatic essay evaluation has, therefore, become a potential approach in this situation. Various methods have been proposed, however, optimal solutions for such evaluation in the Indonesian language are less known. Furthermore, with the rapid development of machine learning approaches, in particular deep learning approaches, the investigation of such optimal solutions becomes more necessary.
Method: To address the aforementioned issue, this study proposed the investigation of text representation approaches for optimal automatic evaluation of Indonesian essay answers. The investigation compared pre-trained word embedding methods such as Word2vec, GloVe, FastText, and RoBERTa, as well as compared text encoding methods such as long short-term memories (LSTMs) and transformers. LSTMs are able to capture temporal semantics by employing state variables, while transformers are able to capture long-term dependency between parts of their input sequences. Additionally, we investigated classification-based and similarity-based training to build text encoders. We expected that these training approaches allowed encoders to extract different views of information. We compared classification results produced by different text encoders and combinations of text encoders.
Result: We evaluated various text representation approaches using the UKARA dataset. Our experiments showed that the FastText word embedding method outperformed the Word2vec, GloVe, and RoBERTa methods. The FastText method achieved an F1-score of 75.43% on validation sets, while the Word2vec, GloVe, and RoBERTa methods achieved F1-scores of 69.56%, 74.53%, and 72.87%, respectively. In addition, the experiments showed that combinations of text encoders outperformed individual encoders. The combination of the LSTM encoder, the transformer encoder, and the TF-IDF encoder obtained an F1-score of 77.22% in the best case, which is better than the best F1-scores of the individual LSTM encoders (75.35%), the best combination of transformer encoders (71.49%), and the individual TF-IDF encoder (76.69%). We observed that LSTM encoders produced better performance when they were built using classification-based training. Meanwhile, the transformer encoders obtained better performance when built using similarity-based training.
Novelty: The novelty proposed in this research is the optimal combination of text encoders specifically constructed for the evaluation of essay answers in the Indonesian language. Our experiments showed that the combination of three encoders - namely the LSTM encoder built using classification-based training, the transformer encoder built using classification-based and similarity-based training, and the TF-IDF encoder - obtained the best classification performance.
Characterisation of 3D-printed acetabular hip implants
Authors: Nicum Arya , Hothi Harry , Henckel Johann , di Laura Anna , Schlueter-Brust Klaus , Hart Alister
Published: September 2024

Three-dimensional printing is a rapidly growing manufacturing method for orthopaedic implants and it is currently thriving in several other engineering industries. It enables the variation of implant design and the construction of complex structures which can be exploited in orthopaedics and other medical sectors.

In this review, we develop the vocabulary to characterise 3D printing in orthopaedics from terms defined by industries employing 3D printing, and by fully examining a 3D-printed off-the-shelf acetabular cup (Fig. 1). This is a commonly used 3D-printed implant in orthopaedics, and it exhibits a range of prominent features brought about by 3D printing.

The key features and defects of the porous and dense regions of the implant are clarified and discussed in depth to determine reliable definitions and a common understanding of characteristics of 3D printing between engineers and medical experts in orthopaedics.

Despite the extensive list of terminology derived here, it is clear significant gaps exist in the knowledge of this field. Therefore, it is necessary for continued investigations of unused implants, but perhaps more significantly, examining those in vivo and retrieved to understand their long-term impact on patients and the effects of certain features (e.g. surface-adhered particles).

Analyses of this kind will establish an understanding of 3D printing in orthopaedics and additionally it will help to update the regulatory approach to this new technology.
Magnesium sulfate enhances the effect of the peripheral analgesic cocktail in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Qiuyuan , Li Feng , Yang Yidan , Yue Chen , Guo Jiayi
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Although magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is widely used as an analgesic adjuvant to peripheral analgesic cocktails, its efficacy in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. Therefore, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the literature to assess the analgesic efficacy of MgSO4 as an adjuvant to the analgesic cocktail in TKA.

Methods

The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Data were qualitatively synthesized or meta-analyzed using a random-effects model.

Results

Five randomized controlled trials involving 432 patients were included. Meta-analyses detected significant differences between the MgSO4 and control groups in the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores (rest) at 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively; VAS pain scores (motion) at 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively; morphine consumption within 24 h, 24–48 h, and during the total hospitalization period; time to first rescue analgesia after TKA; and length of hospital stay. Regarding the functional recovery, the meta-analysis demonstrated significant differences between groups in terms of knee range of motion on postoperative day 1; daily mobilization distance on postoperative day 1; and daily mobilization distance. There was no significant intergroup difference in surgical complications.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that MgSO4 is a promising adjunct to the analgesic cocktail, achieving significant improvements in pain scores and total opioid consumption during the early postoperative period after TKA.
The Trillat procedure: the man and the technique revisited through the lens of arthroscopy
Authors: Shekhbihi Abdelkader , Bauer Stefan , Walch Arnaud , Reichert Winfried , Walch Gilles , Boileau Pascal
Published: September 2024

The Trillat procedure, initially described by Albert Trillat, is historically one of the first techniques for addressing recurrent anterior shoulder instability, incorporating fascinating biomechanical mechanisms.

After lowering, medializing, and fixing the coracoid process to the glenoid neck, the subcoracoid space is reduced, the subscapularis lowered, and its line of pull changed, accentuating the function of the subscapularis as a humeral head depressor centering the glenohumeral joint. Furthermore, the conjoint tendon creates a ‘seatbelt’ effect, preventing anteroinferior humeral head dislocation.

Even though contemporary preferences lean towards arthroscopic Bankart repair with optional remplissage, bone augmentation, and the Latarjet procedure, enduring surgical indications remain valid for the Trillat procedure, which offers joint preservation and superior outcomes in two distinct scenarios: (i) older patients with massive irreparable cuff tears and anterior recurrent instability with an intact subscapularis tendon regardless of the extent of glenoid bone loss; (ii) younger patients with instability associated shoulder joint capsule hyperlaxity without concomitant injuries (glenoid bone loss, large Hill–Sachs lesion).

Complications associated with the Trillat procedure include recurrent anterior instability, potential overtightening of the coracoid, leading to pain and a significant reduction in range of motion, risk of subcoracoid impingement, and restriction of external rotation by up to 10°, a limitation that is generally well-tolerated.

The Trillat procedure may be an effective alternative technique for specific indications and should remain part of the surgical armamentarium for addressing anterior shoulder instability.
Effects of Gmelina bark content and particle size on the characteristics of a recycled polypropylene composite
Authors: Sutrisno  , Alamsyah Eka Mulya , Karliati Tati , Al Hamdani Achmad Nawafil
Published: August 2024

Bark plastic composite is a composite wood board consisting of a plastic matrix and bark in the form of powder or fibers as a filler. This research aimed to determine the influence of ratio and particle size on the characteristics of the composite made of Gmelina bark mixed with recycled polypropylene. Bark plastic composites were made with variations in powder: plastic ratio, namely 40:60% (P60), 30:70% (P70), 20:80% (P80), and 0:100% (P100), as well as variations in filler particle size, namely 40 to 60 mesh (M40), 60 to 80 mesh (M60), and 80 to 100 mesh (M80). Maleic anhydride (MAH) as a compatibilizer was added at 5% of the matrix’s weight. The reference testing standards were JIS A 5908:2003 and SNI 03-2105-2006. In the physical property testing, including density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling, all boards with different treatments met the standards. In the modulus of elasticity (MOE) testing, none of the boards with different treatments met the standards, while in the internal bond testing, all boards with different treatments met the standards. As for the modulus of rupture (MOR) testing, hardness, and screw-holding power, some samples met both standards. The M40P80 treatment produced the best bark plastic composite.
Exploring the potential of Gigantochloa levis and Gigantochloa scortechinii bamboo species for plybamboo production
Authors: Mustapha Asniza , Yusoh Alia Syahirah , Beng Ong Chee , Awalludin Mohd Fahmi , Sukri Nik Adlin Nik Mohamed , Uyup Mohd Khairun Anwar
Published: August 2024

Gigantochloa levis and G. scortechinii bamboo species were evaluated as material for plybamboo production. Plybamboo was composed of three layers with 12 mm thickness and used phenol formaldehyde (PF) as their binder. Representative samples were cut and tested for bonding, physical, mechanical, and finishing properties. Results indicated that G. levis plybamboo exhibited higher bending strength property compared to G. scortechinii plybamboo, as indicated by its higher modulus of rupture (121 N/mm2) and modulus of elasticity (16300 N/mm2). The G. levis plybamboo also displayed higher bond shear strength and was dimensionally stable compared to G. scortechinii plybamboo. The finishing properties revealed that all coatings performed well in the cross-cut tape and pull-off tests. Notably, plybamboo from both bamboo species showed excellent coating film adhesion. Based on minimum standard requirement, results revealed that both bamboo species were suitable to be used in plybamboo production for general use. The findings showed that those species are valuable renewable natural resources for plybamboo production and had potential to be utilized as a substitute for wood in board production.
Evaluación in vitro de bloqueadores solares en el contexto de índices UV extremos en Lima - Perú
Authors: Villareyes Eduardo , Patiño Galo , Luna Ana , Canchis Ricardo
Published: September 2024

Currently in Peru, UV index levels exceed the maximum allowable value (11+ Extreme). For this reason, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of sunscreens with different Sun Protection Factor (SPF) ratings, which is a laboratory measure of the sunscreen's efficacy against UV-B radiation on our skin. In this study, the in vitro technique will be used following COLIPA recommendations, which involves measuring the transmission of UV radiation through the cream. The results obtained for the different SPFs are consistent with the values indicated on the product packaging: Bahía-SPF 45, Avon-SPF 50, and Bahía-SPF 70. However, they deviate by 30% from the indicated values for the higher SPFs, specifically Bahía-SPF 90, Bahía-SPF 100, and Unique-SPF 100
Hospital Scenes in Dostoevsky’s “Notes from a Dead House”
Authors: Zakharov Vladimir
Published: September 2024

Dostoevsky conceived “Notes from a Dead House” as a memoir, but the concept was transformed, leading to a change in the chronology and circumstances of the author’s biography. The writer not only described, but also composed his life, placed it in the context of world history. Hospital scenes are important in the structure of “Notes.” Dostoevsky gave an almost professional description of physical illnesses and their treatment. He passes competent judgement on hospital medicine, is fluent in the medical thesaurus, and uses medical Latin. His descriptions are accompanied by judgments and stories about crimes and corporal punishment of prisoners, about executioners and executioners. He believes that medicine in Russia is hostile and does not correspond to the spirit of the people, their habits. The author’s descriptions are factual. They recreate an empirical reality that receives metaphysical interpretation. The means of transforming the empirical into the sacred is Dante’s “Divine Comedy,” which influenced the concept of hell, the poetics and structure of Dostoevsky’s “Notes from a Dead House.” Dante saw hell, purgatory, paradise; his visions became the subject of poetry. Dostoevsky lived in hell, in a “Dead House,” this is his personal experience. There are two narrators in the “Notes”: the author’s alter ego and the fictional Alexander Petrovich Goryanchikov, a kind of literary mask of the author. They have different roles, which are often difficult to distinguish. The hero’s name and patronymic are most often heard in conversations with other characters: he asks questions, and they tell him about themselves. It is not the author who asks tactless questions to the heroes — Alexander Petrovich, a knowledgeable prisoner of the “Dead House,” does it for him. He is Dostoevsky’s Virgil. Alexander Petrovich has no future, his hellish toils without purgatory and paradise continued in the “hellish life on the outside.” Not purgatory, but Easter is the act of transformation of the author, who has risen from the dead, found freedom, a new life and a future.
Pengembangan Laman Autoproctor sebagai Deskripsi Trust Score dan Real Score Peserta Didik pada Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh
Authors: Maulana Imron , Hindun Hindun
Published: August 2024

The problem in this study is to determine the level of honesty and students' trust scores. This can be known by implementing the Autoproctor page. Of course, with interesting features on the page, be it the camera, audio, and tab switches, it will show concretely the extent to which the level of honesty and trust scores of students takes tests that have been designed by an educator beforehand. The research and development method for this page is a mix method, which emphasizes the integration of quantitative data with descriptions of each data presented. The results of the study show that the effectiveness of the Autoproctor page in representing the trust score and actual scores in the PJJ system is concretely credible and effective. This can be seen from each percentage of the trust score of students who commit acts of fraud. (3) the protection system from Autoproctor shows the score difference between the (temporary) exam result scores and the actual result scores (final grades). Therefore, the presence of the Autoproctor page through its various features, namely camera, audio, and tab switches, can provide answers to the concerns of educators and students, especially regarding the giving of "actual scores that have been avoided from various deviant actions" of students, especially when evaluating online learning is carried out.
Girando el calidoscopio de territorialidades en la frontera andina. Análisis de agentes y proyectos en tensión en cuatro Parques Nacionales de Patagonia Sur (Argentina)
Authors: Ponzi Brenda
Published: September 2024

En un contexto de crisis y de promoción del turismo de naturaleza resulta preciso identificar las territorialidades convergentes en las áreas protegidas de la Patagonia Andina. Con este fin, se han abordado los Parques Nacionales Los Glaciares, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego y Perito Moreno (Argentina). En ellos han confluido una serie de agentes con sus propios proyectos e intereses, que tensionaron y reconstruyeron estos espacios estratégicos, tanto política como ambientalmente. Metodológicamente se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas desde un enfoque comparativo y un marco teórico crítico para la interpretación de las entrevistas en profundidad, las observaciones participantes y las revisiones documentales efectuadas entre 2018 y 2022. Como resultado se detectaron cinco proyectos territoriales con diferentes concepciones de naturaleza, agentes y estrategias territoriales: de naturaleza intocada, mercantilizada, capitalizada, reservada y de otras naturalezas. En las áreas han predominado los proyectos de naturaleza mercantilizada y capitalizada llevados adelante por la Administración de Parques Nacionales, las empresas concesionarias, los permisionarios turísticos y las fundaciones filantrópicas internacionales, principalmente en los Parques Nacionales Tierra del Fuego y Los Glaciares. Cabría preguntarse cómo ello repercutirá en la política estatal, el carácter público de las áreas y su conservación a futuro.
Allergo-immunopathology mechanism of thymol-inhibiting airway remodeling in asthmatic mice by regulating TGF-β/Smad3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Zhang Wenna , Wang Yanan , Cai Pei , Li Chaoran , Shi Yan , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin , Li Ailing
Published: September 2024

Allergic asthma is an important public health problem and is a complicated respiratory sickness that is characterized by bronchial inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and breathlessness. Asthma is orchestrated by type 2 immune response and remodeling is one of the important outputted problem in chronic asthma. Thymol is a naturally occurring monocyclic phenolic, it has a series of biological properties, and its immunomodulatory and anti-remodeling effects on allergic asthma were evaluated. The OVA-LPS-induced asthmatic mice were treated with thymol. Methacholine challenge test, eosinophil count, and levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, total and OVA-specific IgE levels in serum, remodeling factors, gene expression of TGF-β, Smad2, Smad3, and lung histopathology were done. Treatment with thymol could control AHR, eosinophil percentage levels of Th2 cytokines and Igs, remodeling factors, expression of TGF-β, Smad2 and Smad3 genes, inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus production in asthmatic mice. Thymol can control asthma pathogens and related remodeling and fibrosis bio-factors and can be a potential treatment of asthma.
Litteracitet i rörelse: Högstadieelevers multimodala meningsskapande i olika ämnen
Authors:   , Valtonen Maria
Published: September 2024

Following a class of fourteen-year-old students through their scheduled week’s lessons, this ethnographic study has the aim to contribute to the understanding of lower secondary school subjects as literacy practices from a multimodal perspective, and thereby illuminate what it can mean for students to create meaning as they move within and between these subjects. The research questions focus on how teachers offer students opportunities to create meaning and how students create representations of their meaning-making. The study is grounded in social and multimodal perspectives, theoretically framed by new literacy studies, social semiotics, and designs for learning. The empirical material, collected over four weeks and encompassing eight school subjects, consists of video observations, documented artifacts, and interviews. The analyses are conducted from different perspectives and levels of detail, using tools such as the learning design sequence model, the writing wheel, and categories from systemic functional grammar for multimodal analysis. The analyses reveal a pattern of two types of literacy offerings. In the first offering, the teacher provides knowledge representations of subject content, and students are given the opportunity to transform these into oral and written representations as tools for learning. Many students choose not to create such representations, and the written representations that are created seem to become tools for learning only to a limited extent. In the second offering, students are given the opportunity to create their own knowledge representations, which are then displayed for assessment or presented as a contribution to the subject content. The multimodal design of the knowledge representations emerges as a knowledge area in its own right, and all students participate in some way with outward-directed meaning-making. The in-depth analyses provide a more multifaceted picture of the two literacy offerings: students’ movement within and between different school subjects is also a movement between different patterns of how resources, purposes, and acts of meaning-making are used. The study’s results further highlight the dynamic nature of literacy practices, both in the relationship between the teacher’s offering and the students’ participation, and through the presence of literacies from various social practices.
TANQUE DE EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO FACILITADOR DO ODS 6 – ÁGUA E SANEAMENTO PARA O DESCARTE DE EFLUENTES EM ASSENTAMENTOS E COMUNIDADES RURAIS
Authors: Rodrigues Júlia Relene de Freitas , Bezerra Letícia Gabriele da Silva
Published: September 2024

A sociedade depara-se com o desafio da má distribuição e utilização dos recursos hídricos, bem como os serviços a eles associados, sendo as populações de áreas rurais as mais afetadas pela ausência e carência dos serviços de saneamento básico. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho pretende analisar como o tanque de evapotranspiração pode ser caracterizado como um instrumento facilitador do ODS – 6 Água potável e saneamento para o descarte de efluentes em assentamentos e comunidades rurais, utilizando-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O saneamento básico é um direito assegurado a todos(as) pela Constituição Federal, mencionado em leis e acordado na Agenda 2030, no entanto ainda não é garantido a toda população brasileira, prejudicando as condições ambientais e a saúde da população, essencialmente os assentados e rurais. O tanque de evapotranspiração se configura como um importante facilitador do ODS 6 – Água e saneamento básico, principalmente as metas 6.1, 6.2 e 6b, merecendo destaque pela sua fácil construção e eficácia, podendo ser utilizado em assentamentos e áreas rurais que se encontram distantes da área urbana, sem necessidade de grandes instalações, havendo a necessidade de investimento financeiros para implementação em áreas rurais.
MEMÓRIA COLETIVA E OS DESASTRES AMBIENTAIS NA CIDADE DO CRATO, CEARÁ
Authors: Carlos da Silva Antônia , De Oliveira Moura Marcelo
Published: September 2024

A gestão de riscos e desastres envolve ações permanentes para o enfrentamento das ameaças com o apoio institucional e com a participação das comunidades envolvidas, sendo estas ações amparadas na ideia de que os riscos e desastres são distribuídos desigualmente no espaço e atingem diferentemente a sociedade. Para discutir a gestão de riscos situamos na cidade do Crato, no Ceará, a área de risco “Rio Granjeiro”, com o objetivo de compreender os desastres ambientais a partir das memórias construídas pelas pessoas que vivenciaram situações de riscos com as ocorrências de eventos pluviométricos intensos na citada área. Como procedimentos metodológicos consideramos as seguintes ações no campo da história oral: estudos em campo, com visitas às 09 (nove) áreas de risco mapeadas pela CPRM; delimitação da área de risco Rio Granjeiro como campo de estudo por apresentar a maior quantidade de imóveis e de pessoas em situação de risco; estudo em fontes documentais escritas: Plano Diretor do Município do Crato e relatórios da CPRM e do CEMADEN; e pesquisa em fontes documentais orais, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 03 colaboradores que tiveram experiências com desastres ambientais. As narrativas dos colaboradores evidenciaram um significativo conhecimento sobre a dinâmica da natureza, das ações humanas e da ausência de poder público, tão necessários ao entendimento das situações de risco, das formas agir e prevenir a exposição aos perigos frente aos desastres ambientais. Expressaram a realidade vivida, o reconhecimento das situações de risco pelo crivo perceptivo e das lembranças e suas repercussões na memória.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DIALÓGICA E GIRO DECOLONIAL NA PRÁXIS DO GEAD/UFC
Authors: Lopes Monte Andreia , Batista de Albuquerque Figueiredo João , Firmino Gonçalves Andreza
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo busca dialogar com as práxis tecidas no Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação Ambiental Dialógica, Perspectiva Eco-Relacional e Educação Popular Freireana (GEAD), da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC). Refletiu quanto as possibilidades eco-relacionais da educação ambiental dialógica e o fazer educador comprometido com uma educação contextualizada e transgressora, frente as mazelas advindas do modelo moderno/colonial/capitalista. O GEAD, aproxima-se de seus vinte anos e ao longo desse estudo apresentamos alguns detalhes do seu percurso e caminhar parceiro, na construção de inéditos viáveis. A partir desse contexto tecemos formas, afetos, saberes parceiros e geradores que avançam para além da universidade no intento da potencialidade disseminadora da práxis freireana. Percorremos por referências, pesquisas e relatamos a importância de grupos de pesquisas que ousam propostas que possam sair de seus muros e contribuir com o criar de práxis geradoras que nos possibilitam ´o ser mais´, no educar coletivo para a feitura de uma educação libertadora e emancipatória.