bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of atypical glandular cells on cytology: 10 years’ experience of a colposcopic referral center
Authors: Monti Ermelinda , Di Loreto Eugenia , Libutti Giada , Alberico Daniela , Barbara Giussy , Boero Veronica , Cetera Giulia Emily , Pasquali Coluzzi Maria , Cipriani Sonia , Parazzini Fabio
Published: August 2024

Introduction

‘Atypical glandular cells’ (AGC) is an uncommon cytological result of cervical Pap smears which includes a wide of histopathological diagnoses, from benign to premalignant and malignant cervical disorders, endometrial cancer and, occasionally, other genital malignancies. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of AGC, assessing risk factors and clinical and histological features in affected patients.

Materials and methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 239 women diagnosed with AGC between 2012 and 2022 at the ‘Regional Referral Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of HPV-related Genital Disorders’, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Following AGC detection, patients underwent colposcopy with endocervical sampling and endometrial assessment via pelvic ultrasound. Selective cases also received endometrial biopsies.

Results

Among a total of 190 women who underwent both colposcopy and endometrial assessment, 116 (61%) had negative clinical and histopathological findings. The remainder displayed various abnormalities: 36 women (18.9%) were found to have endometrial or cervical polyps, 23 (12.1%) were diagnosed with preinvasive cervical neoplasia, and 21 (10.9%) with invasive cervical or endometrial disease. Menopause, multiparity, and older age were all significantly associated with endometrial cancer, but none of the abovementioned variables were significantly associated with cervical neoplasia.

Conclusion

Our data confirm that AGC may reveal the presence of a wide range of histopathological conditions. Patients diagnosed with AGC should undergo a careful evaluation including both colposcopy with endocervical sampling and an endometrial assessment.
Carbohydrate quality indices and lung cancer risk: a case–control study from Iran
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Milad , Abdi Fatemeh , Mamaghanian Melika , Paydareh Amin , Bahrami Alireza , Sheikhi Zahra , Hejazi Ehsan
Published: August 2024

Considering that carbohydrates play an important role in supplying the body with energy and exhibit diverse mechanisms that can either prevent or stimulate cancer, we hypothesize that the quality of carbohydrate intake may be associated with cancer risk, including lung cancer. This hospital-based case–control study was conducted on 135 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, and 237 healthy age- and sex-matched hospitalized controls. We used a valid and reliable 148-item Food Frequency Questionnaire to collect the dietary intake of subjects. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association between carbohydrate quality indices and the odds of lung cancer. After adjustment for confounding variables, the high glycemic index appears to be an increased risk factor for lung cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.28–4.91]. No statistically significant association was found between glycemic load and lung cancer (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 0.98–6.43). In contrast, the carbohydrate quality index (OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11–0.48) and low-carbohydrate diet score (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08–0.36), were associated with a decrease in the risk of lung cancer. In summary, our study showed that a high glycemic index is a risk factor for lung cancer, however carbohydrate quality index and low-carbohydrate diet score is a dietary approach to reduce the risk of lung cancer.
Emerging trends in early-onset gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Xinlin , Gao Xianchun , Yu Jun , Zhang Xiaotian , Nie Yongzhan
Published: August 2024

The incidence of early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) is consistently increasing, and its etiology is notably complex. This increase may be attributed to distinctive factors that differ from those associated with late-onset gastric cancer (LOGC), including genetic predispositions, dietary factors, gastric microbiota dysbiosis, and screening of high-risk cases. These factors collectively contribute to the onset of cancer. EOGC significantly differs from LOGC in terms of clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. Moreover, multiple differences in prognosis and clinical management also exist. This study aimed to systematically review the latest research advancements in the epidemiological characteristics, etiological factors, clinicopathological and molecular features, prognosis, and treatment modalities of EOGC.
A Review of Linear Lichen Planus Case Reports
Authors: Rousseau Morgan A. , Nelson Emelie E. , Rashid Rashid M.
Published: August 2024

Lichen linear planus is a rare variant of lichen planus that appears as pruritic, polygonal, purple papules in a blaschkoid distribution. This review critically assesses all reported cases of linear lichen planus (LLP) for proposed etiology, clinical and histologic traits, treatment options, and recurrence. A PubMed search from inception through March 2023, followed by article screening and full-text review, identified 51 unique cases of LLP. Data from each case including the sex of the patient, anatomic distribution of lesions, biopsy results, proposed etiology, treatment, and recurrence were recorded. LLP did not show a significant gender or age predilection, most frequently presented unilaterally with pruritus, and involved numerous anatomic regions. Various triggers including metal implants, vaccinations, infections, malignancy, and pregnancy were identified. The most common histopathologic descriptions included band-like lymphocytic or lichenoid infiltrate, basal liquefactive, vacuolar degeneration, hypergranulosis, hyperkeratosis, civatte or colloid bodies, melanin incontinence, and orthokeratosis. Treatment options, duration of treatment, and recurrence rate of LLP lesions were variable. Although LLP is rare, dermatologists should be aware of this presentation and appropriate diagnostic and treatment options because swift diagnosis can reduce patient morbidity.
Functional, Cosmetic, and Psychological Outcomes after Rhinoplasty
Authors: Omer Goran , Girolamo Stefano , Hamatofiq Binaiy , Tofiq Sozyar , Mohammed Mawa Aziz , Abdulkarim Diya , Mohammed Shnya , Gubari Mohammed , Habibullah Imad , Mustafa Ayman , Fatah Mariwan , Ahmed Sarwat , Kakamad Fahmi
Published: August 2024

Background:

Rhinoplasty is conducted to address both cosmetic and functional objectives. It is not merely a cosmetic procedure, as it frequently aims to improve function by enhancing nasal breathing and removing congenital or acquired obstructions. The current study aims to determine the functional, cosmetic, and psychological outcomes of rhinoplasties.

Methods:

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data were collected using an interview and an online Google form. A chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between qualitative variables and quantitative variables using frequency, percentage, and mean for quantitative variables. Each variable’s P value is used to detect statistical significance. The significance level was set at a P value of less than 0.05.

Results:

Of the 234 patients enrolled in this study, 69.2% were women, whereas 30.8% were men, with a mean age of 22.86 ± 4.546 years. In terms of satisfaction, functional satisfaction accounted for about 59% of all satisfaction, cosmetic satisfaction was 63.2%, and psychological satisfaction was 70.9%. The primary reason for surgery was cosmetic (45%).

Conclusion:

The majority of enrolled participants were satisfied with their functional outcomes, whereas their satisfaction with psychological and cosmetic outcomes was moderate.
Associations of Neighborhood Environments and Socioeconomic Status With Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Authors: Hajj Jihane , Schneider Andrea L. C. , Jacoby Douglas , Schreiber James , Nolfi David , Turk Melanie T.
Published: August 2024

Background

A limited understanding exists on the associations of neighborhood environment with subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression.

Purpose

The purpose of this integrative review was to explore associations of neighborhood environments and socioeconomic status (SES) with subclinical atherosclerosis and its long-term progression.

Results

Three themes were identified: environmental exposure affects the natural history of atherosclerosis, neighborhood characteristics are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, and individual SES is associated with development and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis more so than neighborhood SES. Some variations in results were noted based on the vascular site examined.

Clinical Implications

Disadvantaged neighborhoods and low SES are associated with greater subclinical atherosclerosis. Inconsistencies in a few studies seemed to be related to lack of coronary artery progression among the relatively young adults. This suggests further examination is needed of the contextual associations of neighborhood and SES with markers of generalized atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles and genome characteristics of Klebsiella isolated from the faeces of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Cui Jinghua , Zhang Yanan , Li Xiaoran , Ding Zanbo , Kong Yiming , Yu Zihui , Li Zhaona , Tong Jingjing , Liu Zunjie , Yuan Jing
Published: August 2024

Introduction.
Klebsiella spp. are important bacteria that colonize the human intestine, especially in preterm infants; they can induce local and systemic disease under specific circumstances, including inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis and colorectal cancer.

Hypothesis.
Klebsiella spp. colonized in the intestine of the neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be associated with disease and antibiotic resistance, which will be hazardous to the children.

Aim. Our aim was to know about the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genome characteristics of Klebsiella spp. in neonate carriers.

Methodology. Genome sequencing and analysis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were mainly performed in this study.

Results. The isolation rates of Klebsiella spp. strains were 3.7% (16/436) in 2014 and 4.3% (18/420) in 2021. Cases with intestinal-colonized Klebsiella spp. were mainly infants with low birth weights or those with pneumonia or hyperbilirubinemia. According to the core-pan genomic analysis, 34 stains showed gene polymorphism and a sequence type (ST) of an emerging high-risk clone (ST11). Eight strains (23.5%) were found to be resistant to 2 or more antibiotics, and 46 genes/gene families along with nine plasmids were identified that conferred resistance to antibiotics. In particular, the two strains were multidrug-resistant. Strain A1256 that is related to Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae was uncommon, carrying two plasmids similar to IncFII and IncX3 that included five antibiotic resistance genes.

Conclusion. The prevention and control of neonatal Klebsiella spp. colonization in the NICU should be strengthened by paying increased attention to preventing antimicrobial resistance in neonates.
Association of pitavastatin use with bone markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women
Authors: Hyun Jihye , Sohn Minji , Oh Hyeran , Lim Soo
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pitavastatin therapy on biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis and hypercholesterolemia.

METHODS AND RESULTS

This prospective observational study recruited 70 postmenopausal Korean women who were administered pitavastatin. Changes in BMD at the femoral neck (FN), total hip (TH), and lumbar spines (LS), as well as laboratory values related to bone turnover markers and lipid profiles, including lipoprotein subfractions, were assessed over 12 months. BMD was further observed during regular clinic visits up to 4 years. A total of 67 patients completed 12 months of pitavastatin therapy. There were no significant changes in BMD (–0.001 ± 0.026 at FN, –0.005 ± 0.032 at TH, and 0.002 ± 0.037 at LS; all Ps > 0.05). Bone markers did not change except for procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP), which slightly decreased (–4.0 ± 10.3,P< 0.05). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels decreased by 36% to 39% from baseline, and the LDL subfraction score decreased from 2.85 ± 1.79 to 1.80 ± 0.63 (P< 0.001). During the extended observation period, BMD at FN and TH decreased by 0.85% and 1.69% per year, respectively, while BMD at the LS was preserved.

CONCLUSIONS

In postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis requiring lipid-lowering therapy, one year of pitavastatin maintained BMD and effectively controlled cholesterol levels. BMD changes during statin therapy were more favorable than the natural decline. These findings suggest pitavastatin can be safely used in menopausal women without compromising bone health.
Chimeras of Kinesin-6 and Kinesin-14 reveal head-neck-tail domain functions and dysfunctions that lead to aneuploidy in fission yeast
Authors: Sasmal Priyanka , Miyazaki Makito , Carlier-Grynkorn Frédérique , Tran Phong T.
Published: August 2024

Kinesin motors play diverse roles in cells, including spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Each kinesin has three general domains – the motor head, neck, and tail. As microtubule (MT) motors, kinesins have directionality, walking toward the plus- or minus-end of a MT. Plus-end kinesins have their motor head at the N-terminus, while minus-end kinesins have their motor head at the C-terminus. Interestingly,in vitrodata indicate that the motor head does not dictate directionality. Here, we seek to understand the cellular function of each kinesin domain. We systematically created chimeras of fission yeast kinesin-6 Klp9 (a plus-end kinesin localized at the spindle midzone to slide the MTs and elongate the spindle) and kinesin-14 Pkl1 (a minus-end kinesin localized at the spindle poles to focus MTs). Ourin vivodata reveal that the tail dictates cellular localization, and in some cases directionality of the motor head; the motor head produces binding and sliding forces affecting spindle function; and the neck modulates the forces of the motor head. Specifically, Pkl1-head, when put on Klp9-neck-tail, walks toward the spindle midzone and slides MTs faster than the wild-type Klp9. This results in spindle breakage and aneuploidy. In contrast, Klp9-head, when put on Pkl1-neck-tail, localizes to the spindle poles, but failed to properly focus MTs, leading to abnormal MT protrusions. This results in asymmetric displacement of the chromosomes and aneuploidy. Our studies reveal domain-dependent control of motor localization, direction, and force production, whose dysfunctions lead to different modes of aneuploidy.
New achievements in orbital angular momentum beam characterization using a Hartmann wavefront sensor and the Kirkpatrick–Baez active optical system KAOS
Authors: Novinec Luka , Pancaldi Matteo , Capotondi Flavio , De Ninno Giovanni , Guzzi Francesco , Kourousias George , Pedersoli Emanuele , Ressel Barbara , Rösner Benedikt , Simoncig Alberto , Zangrando Marco , Manfredda Michele
Published: August 2024

Advances in physics have been significantly driven by state-of-the-art technology, and in photonics and X-ray science this calls for the ability to manipulate the characteristics of optical beams. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams hold substantial promise in various domains such as ultra-high-capacity optical communication, rotating body detection, optical tweezers, laser processing, super-resolution imaging etc. Hence, the advancement of OAM beam-generation technology and the enhancement of its technical proficiency and characterization capabilities are of paramount importance. These endeavours will not only facilitate the use of OAM beams in the aforementioned sectors but also extend the scope of applications in diverse fields related to OAM beams. At the FERMI Free-Electron Laser (Trieste, Italy), OAM beams are generated either by tailoring the emission process on the undulator side or, in most cases, by coupling a spiral zone plate (SZP) in tandem with the refocusing Kirkpatrick–Baez active optic system (KAOS). To provide a robust and reproducible workflow to users, a Hartmann wavefront sensor (WFS) is used for both optics tuning and beam characterization. KAOS is capable of delivering both tightly focused and broad spots, with independent control over vertical and horizontal magnification. This study explores a novel non-conventional `near collimation' operational mode aimed at generating beams with OAM that employs the use of a lithographically manufactured SZP to achieve this goal. The article evaluates the mirror's performance through Hartmann wavefront sensing, offers a discussion of data analysis methodologies, and provides a quantitative analysis of these results with ptychographic reconstructions.
Decoding the source of value: evidence from listed firms in India
Authors: Mishra Sanjay Kumar
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The objective of the study is to investigate the factors that differentiate long-term shareholder value (LTSV) creating firms from LTSV destroying firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Through the review of literature, the hypothesis for the study is developed. To test the hypothesis, the study collects data from S&P BSE 500 companies listed in Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Based on the average overall return to shareholders for the period from year 1991 to 2019, the study identifies top 25 LTSV creating and LTSV destroying firms. The top 50 firms form the basis of this study. The study uses descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test to test the hypothesis of the study.

Findings

Among the variables investigated such as capital management policy and effective capital management practices, business and financial strategy, intellectual capital strategy, relational capital strategy and human capital strategy, the study found effective capital management and governance as a long-term source of value for shareholders.

Research limitations/implications

The study highlights the importance of inclusion of value-relevant information in the annual report of the company. The study also supports the proposition that discretionary disclosure of intangible assets is relevant for the market to enable market participants to reasonably comprehend the fair value of the firm.

Practical implications

Adoption of a reporting framework that ensures the availability of all value-relevant information including off-balance-sheet resources is in the interest of the investors and policymakers alike.

Originality/value

This is a first such study exploring the value-relevant information and the source of long-term value for listed firms.
Consumer education strategies for overcoming prefabricated housing challenges in China: a systematic review
Authors: Yao Yicheng , Gurmu Argaw
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Prefabricated housing is a construction method that largely reduces construction waste and promotes sustainable development. However, the adoption of this method of construction is inhibited by the lack of demand by consumers. The purpose of this research is to explore consumer education strategies aimed at overcoming prefabricated housing challenges in China.

Design/methodology/approach

The study conducted a systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted using databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, without any restriction on publication date. A total of 33 relevant articles were retrieved and analyzed using the content analysis method. The findings were then summarized and presented using the tabulation technique.

Findings

This study identified several barriers to prefabricated housing, including negative perception, limited public understanding, risk-averse culture and lack of green value. To foster market demand, relevant authorities should consider implementing effective educational mechanisms, such as comparative advertising, social media marketing, school programs and critical adult education programs. These strategies can effectively overcome the existing negative perception, alleviate concerns and create a positive environment for the growth of prefabricated housing in China.

Originality/value

This research provides practical and theoretical implications by identifying key challenges to prefabricated housing and suggesting targeted educational strategies to address them. It offers valuable guidance for policymakers, industry stakeholders and researchers, contributing to the advancement of sustainable housing practices.
Slowing down in the final lap: investigating the effect of CEO career horizon on green innovation in China
Authors: Yin Nianwei , Wang Ruzhou , Jia Liangding
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Drawing on upper echelons theory, the authors study how the career horizon of a CEO promotes green innovation through the incentive mechanism. Meanwhile, from the perspective of speed and amount of value realization, the authors also identify two sets of shift parameters that reduce or increase incentive gap between short-career-horizon CEOs and long-career-horizon CEOs. Specifically considering the digital trend in China and the heterogeneity of firms and industries, this study aims to examine the moderating effects of firm digitalization, industrial digital transformation, slack resources and polluting firms.

Design/methodology/approach

In the context of China’s transitional economy, this study uses all A-share listed companies in China from 2007 to 2021, resulting in a total of 4,286 companies with 29,310 company-year observations.

Findings

The results support the hypothesis that CEO career horizon significantly facilitates green innovation at the firm level. The positive effect is attenuated by both firm digitalization and industrial digital transformation, but is amplified by slack resources and by the polluting firms. After a series of robustness tests, the research conclusions remain valid.

Originality/value

To extend the upper echelons perspective of existing research into CEO−green innovation, the authors make important contributions in four ways. First, this study contributes to green innovation literature by adding an unexplored yet increasingly important managerial determinant. Second, it advances research on the role of the CEO in green innovation by revealing a new theoretical mechanism. Third, it deepens the understanding of CEO career horizon by exploring its influence on innovations in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Fourth, it identifies boundary conditions that motivate CEOs in distinguishable ways, to provide a nuanced understanding of the relationship between CEO career horizon and green innovation.
Evaluation of market transformation efficiency of urban investment and development companies based on the three-stage DEA model
Authors: Tang Wenbin , Chen Xia , Zhang Xue , Peng Zhihong
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explain the market-oriented transformation dilemma of Chinese urban investment and development companies (UIDCs; also known as local government investment and financing companies) and objectively evaluate their transformation efficiency from both static and dynamic perspectives. The results of the research provide methodological bases for improving the transformation efficiency of UIDCs, thus pointing out the direction for the rational planning of their transformation path.

Design/methodology/approach

This study takes Chinese UIDCs in market transformation during 2015–2019 as the research object and uses principal component analysis to screen the index system for measuring the efficiency of market transformation. It then uses a three-stage data envelopment analysis model and the Malmquist productivity index to evaluate the market transformation efficiency of these companies during 2015–2019 and comprehensively analyzes the influence of external environmental factors on the market transformation of Chinese UIDCs.

Findings

Research results show that the transformation efficiency of Chinese UIDCs is low and slow overall and that large spatial and temporal differences exist. The transformation efficiency of UIDCs located in eastern China is higher than that of UIDCs in central and western China. The higher the external environmental factors of regional GDP, local debt service pressure and credit rating, the more likely they are to cause input redundancy in the transformation process of Chinese UIDCs, which is not conducive to their market-oriented transformation. In addition, the higher the urbanization rate, the more effective it is to improve the efficiency of market-oriented transformation of UIDCs. If the influence of environmental factors is stripped away, both the overall efficiency value and pure technical efficiency value of market-oriented transformation of Chinese UIDCs will increase while the scale efficiency value becomes smaller.

Originality/value

This research measures the transformation efficiency of Chinese UIDCs and comprehensively analyzes the influence of external environmental factors on their market-oriented transformation. The goal is to enrich the study of the market-oriented transformation efficiency evaluation index system of Chinese UIDCs at the theoretical level and provide important reference values for improving the efficiency of market-oriented transformation of Chinese UIDCs at the practical level.
English, German and Indonesian nominalizations: a contrastive study and their application in teaching English to Indonesian learners of German
Authors: Muhammad Anwar , Yusri Yusri , Mantasiah R. , Jufri Jufri
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the process of nominalization in English, German, and Indonesian, utilizing a contrastive analysis approach, and to apply the findings to teaching English to Indonesian learners of German.

Design/methodology/approach

This mixed-method study used an exploratory sequential design. The qualitative method used contrastive analysis to focus on the nominalization process in English, Indonesian, and German, and the quantitative method assessed student responses related to the developed English teaching material.

Findings

The study found similarities and differences in the nominalization process between the languages, with nominalization occurring by adding various affixations. Most students considered the learning materials developed based on the findings of contrastive analysis to help understand the nominalization process in English.

Practical implications

The study’s findings hold significant implications for the global application of foreign language teaching, particularly in English as the first foreign language (FL1) or as the second foreign language (FL2). The research suggests that an effective method of teaching English grammar involves providing examples equivalent to those used in the learner’s first language or other languages. These results may contribute to developing pedagogical practices and enhancing language learners' proficiency in FL1 and FL2 contexts.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing literature by comparing the nominalization process in German, Indonesian, and English and explaining how the results of contrastive analysis can be applied in teaching English to Indonesian students majoring in German.
High-strength geopolymer based engineered cementitious composites (ECC) for sustainable and resilient construction
Authors: Kanagaraj Balamurali , Anand N. , Thomas Mathew , Siew Choo Chin
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The development of high-strength engineered cementitious composite (ECC) gains a significant leap in structural engineering. Engineers have been looking for new formulations that combine outstanding compressive strength with increased flexural resistance. This research focuses on the main characteristics, techniques and prospective applications of high-strength ECC. The proposed work explores the composition of such concrete, emphasizing the use of novel additives, fiber reinforcements and optimal particle packing to produce excellent mechanical characteristics and demonstrating how high-strength ECC contributes to incorporate sustainability by potentially lowering the need for supplemental reinforcing and resulting in a lower environmental effect.

Design/methodology/approach

This research involves on studying the composition of high-strength ECC and geopolymer-based ECC, the use of novel additives, fiber reinforcements and optimal particle packing. It examines the capacity of high-strength ECC to sustain high loads with an allowable deformation without any catastrophic collapse. It discusses the sustainability aspects of high-strength ECC and its potential alternative as geopolymer-based ECC.

Findings

High-strength ECC offers an excellent compressive strength while also providing increased flexural capacity. Employment of copper slag (CS) as a filler material for the production of ECC results in 28.92% lower cost, when compared to the mix developed using conventional river sand. Whereas in the case of geopolymer-based ECC, the cost of production was found to be 31.92% lower than that of the conventional.

Originality/value

High-strength ECC is developed using conventional river sand and industrial by-product, CS as a filler material. The combination of achieving higher compressive strength with an increased use of industrial by-products leads to the development of sustainable high strength ECC. The potential use of high-strength ECC reduces the need for supplementary reinforcing and increases the structural lifetime, resulting in a lower environmental impact.
Exploratory analysis of the antecedents of failure in family businesses: cases from Catalunya
Authors: Hayrapetyan Ani , Simon Alexandra
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Family businesses (FBs) are considered an essential type of entrepreneurship that impacts economic growth. However, statistics show that after a period of performance they ultimately fail, and comparatively little is known about the reasons for their failing when compared to the amount of research focusing on keys to success.

Design/methodology/approach

Through the implementation of an case study technique, which is widely used in research to address the complex phenomenon of failure, this paper aims to analyse the antecedents of failure in the case of four Catalan FBs. In doing so, this article develops propositions based on Institutional Economics Theory and Dynamic Capability Theory, with a focus on innovation and product diversification in family firms.

Findings

Using interviews as a means of obtaining a large amount of information, it is observed that problems related to governmental regulations and constantly changing social behaviour can lead to failure for FBs. Additionally, a link between R&D activities and new product development and FB failure is observed. More specifically, this research highlights that a lack of product diversification and innovation can become a hindrance for FB performance when the institutional environment is unstable. It reveals the importance of developing dynamic capabilities that can meet the demands of fast-changing consumer behaviour. From a practical perspective, these findings can be used by governments in developing regulations focused on the dynamic capabilities of FBs, and by managers in order to learn from these experiences and implement appropriate strategies for long-term development and crisis management.

Originality/value

This paper theoretically contributes to both the FB literature, as well as to institutional economics and dynamic capability theories by offering a combined perspective on how FB's dynamic capabilities change based on environmental factors and impact FB failure.
Impact of time-based delay on public-private partnership (PPP) construction project delivery: construction stakeholders’ perspective
Authors: Osei-Asibey Dickson , Ayarkwa Joshua , Baah Benjamin , Afful Aba Essanowa , Anokye Gloria , Nkrumah Prince Asher
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Many investors have less interest in tendering for public-private partnership (PPP) construction projects as a result of the uncertain risks associated with the project delivery. Moreover, PPP project stakeholders have inadequate information about the probable impacts of time-based delay imposed on PPP projects under the PPP arrangement. This study aims to identify and categorize construction stakeholders’ perceptions of the impact of time-based delays on PPP construction projects.

Design/methodology/approach

A purposive sampling technique was adopted where questionnaires were used as the primary instrument for gathering data from PPP experts. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Kendall’s concordance were used to measure the reliability of the scale and the respondent’s level of agreement, respectively. One sample t-test, mean score ranking and principal component analysis were used to analyse the identified time-based delay impacts.

Findings

The study revealed seven significant impacts of time-based delay on PPP construction project delivery as: “project schedule overrun”, “idling of project resources”, “project cost overrun”, “poor quality of completed works”, “delayed realization of project benefits”, “frequent arbitration/litigation in PPP projects” and “total abandonment of PPP projects”. The study further identified the top five significant impacts of time-based delay on PPP project stakeholders as: “reduction in motivation to attract investment”, “high interest on finance (loans)”, “contractor in financial crisis”, “loss of public confidence in government” and “reduction in parties’ reputation”.

Practical implications

The identified significant impacts of time-based delays will increase stakeholders’ awareness of the repercussions and effects that time-based delays may impose on PPP construction projects if not appropriately managed throughout the project implementation. This awareness will further guide stakeholders to implement targeted risk management strategies to minimize the negative consequences of delays on PPP project performance.

Originality/value

As a pioneering study that provides a better understanding of the impacts of time-based delays on PPP construction projects, this study enhances knowledge of PPP construction project implementation.
How do individual supply-chain integration dimensions independently and collectively affect operational performance? A study of manufacturing industries in Thailand
Authors: Wong Chee Yew , Wong Christina W.Y. , Boon-itt Sakun
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Following counterarguments from previous studies, overwhelming evidence from meta-analyses shows that supply-chain integration (SCI) is not universally associated with improved performance. This study aims to clarify all the mechanisms purported to reach the combined effects of SCI dimensions.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the authors first conducted a literature review and identified the effects of different individual SCI dimensions and their interactions and mediation, or arcs of integration, as reported by past studies. Data from a survey of 348 firms were analyzed using multiple regressions, structural equation modeling and latent class analysis.

Findings

The results showed that the positive independent associations between SCI dimensions and operational performance change as they interact. Larger combinational effects were found in a second-order SCI construct and a mediation model. Smaller effects and fewer significant paths (and even negative signs) were also found. This shows that more SCI is not always better. Finally, configurational effects varied: the latent class analysis showed that a more inward (internal integration) gestalt performed better for some firms.

Research limitations/implications

Some variables that could affect operations performance were missing from the models, and this paper did not specify the directions of relationships among the five performance dimensions. The authors are aware of cumulative models, but they are not within the scope of this paper. In addition, this study did not consider other sociocultural factors that may influence different dimensions of SCI.

Originality/value

This study shows SCI dimensions play different roles. Therefore, it is needed to theorize the distinct roles of internal and external integration and how they somehow compensate or substitute for each other. The results suggest that future studies need to reexamine the universal predictions especially from resource-based, resource-advantage and relational views. SCIs are not inimitable and rare resources for all firms. Furthermore, implementing SCI does not guarantee resource and relational advantages for all firms.
Anti-trafficking and humanitarian operations: transferring learnings for a better world
Authors: Yagci Sokat Kezban , Besiou Maria
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to draw insights from the rich literature on humanitarian operations efforts to combat human trafficking; second, to inspire humanitarian operations researchers to work more on human anti-trafficking.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a conceptual paper inspired by recent relevant reports, the academic literature and the authors’ years of involvement in both humanitarian operations and anti-trafficking.

Findings

Humanitarian supply chains and human trafficking supply chains very often operate in the same environments and hence face similar challenges. The paper highlights the overlaps between the two domains and demonstrates how two decades of learnings from humanitarian supply chain literature can help improve the understanding of the more recent academic field of human trafficking supply chains significantly.

Research limitations/implications

This study is conceptual and illuminates numerous opportunities for research in anti-trafficking.

Practical implications

By inspiring more research on anti-trafficking, this paper hopes to facilitate enhancements to human trafficking operation to prevent more cases and protect victims.

Social implications

There is an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of anti-trafficking activities, disrupt human trafficking and enlarge the “humanitarian space.”

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to discuss human trafficking operations in relation to humanitarian supply chains.
Perceived leader inclusion and employee work-to-family conflict: a daily diary study
Authors: Zhang Kaili , Li Yixuan , Yin Kui , Kleshinski Catherine E.
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Employees’ perceived inclusion has been shown to have beneficial effects on their effective functioning at work (e.g. engagement, creativity, and task performance); however, workplace inclusion is also believed to have a profound impact on employees’ functioning beyond the work domain, such as on their family domain. The primary goal of our study thus is to explore how perceptions of workplace inclusion influence employees’ family lives.

Design/methodology/approach

We tested our hypotheses by surveying 125 employees from a cotton textile manufacturing company in China over 10 consecutive workdays.

Findings

Daily perceived leader inclusion was negatively related to employees’ daily resource depletion at work, which in turn was positively related to employees’ daily work-to-family conflict. The direct effect of daily perceived leader inclusion on resource depletion and the indirect effect of daily perceived leader inclusion on work-to-family conflict were stronger for employees with more discrimination experience in their lives.

Practical implications

Leaders should be aware of their unique roles they play in shaping individual inclusion perceptions and should enact actions that satisfy employees’ desires for both belongingness and uniqueness. Moreover, leaders should also be attentive to those who are susceptible to discrimination when promoting inclusion initiatives.

Originality/value

Our study proposes an important facet of workplace inclusion—perceived leader inclusion—and offers a resource perspective to understand how leader inclusion may impact employees’ functioning beyond the work domain to affect their family lives.
Evolving female entrepreneurship in emerging economies: clarifying the linkages between institutional forces and online venture performance
Authors: Bose Tarun Kanti , Bonna Ayvi Hossain , Bristy Jannatul Ferdous , Moser Roger
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the rise of online female entrepreneurship in emerging economies from institutional perspectives and the resource-based view (RBV). The research also explores how choosing online entrepreneurship affects the performance of female entrepreneurs.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through surveys, and quantitative data analysis was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results indicate that women entrepreneurs perceive online platforms as rare, valuable, imperfectly imitable and non-substitutable resources. Furthermore, the impact of informal institutions on choosing online platforms is supported, but the influence of formal institutions remains unclear. Additionally, the study finds that opting for online platforms helps entrepreneurs achieve financial and stakeholder relationship goals but does not significantly contribute to strategic and learning goals.

Originality/value

Our research highlights how transitioning from a physical to an online business platform can become a valuable resource for marginalized, deprived and struggling entrepreneurs, particularly women, operating within challenging institutional contexts, often prevalent in emerging economies.
The “Great Reset” and its implications on organisational theory
Authors: Roblek Vasja , Dimovski Vlado , Colnar Simon , Meško Maja , Peterlin Judita
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This research examines the transformative impact of the “Great Reset” on organisational theory through the thematic network analysis of managerial responses from Germany, France, and Spain, emphasising the importance of technological integration, remote working, and resilience.

Design/methodology/approach

Questionnaire responses from managers in Germany, France, and Spain were examined using thematic network analysis to understand remote working, digital transformation, and organisational resilience.

Findings

Managers highlighted the pivotal role of technology in reshaping future work systems, especially in telecommuting and digitising business procedures. This transformation requires upskilling, shifts in management approaches, and a modernised employee assessment structure.

Originality/value

This study offers practical insights into implementing the Great Reset framework and explains its impact on technological progress, managerial strategies, and organisational resilience.
Positive ageing: self-compassion as a mediator between forgiveness and psychological well-being in older adults
Authors: Goel Vibhuti , Appachu Hema
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Positive aging aims to promote the physical health and psychological well-being of older adults for them to age successfully. Under the domain of positive aging, this study aims to explore the mediating role of self-compassion between forgiveness and psychological well-being in older adults.

Design/methodology/approach

It was based on a quantitative research design, with a sample of 250 individuals within the age group of 60–75 years. Data was collected using Self-compassion Scale (2003), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (2005) and Psychological Well-being Scale. Analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation, linear regression, followed by the generalised linear model of mediation.

Findings

The results revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.001), high and positive correlation between self-compassion and forgiveness (r = 0.821), forgiveness and psychological well-being (r = 0.852) and self-compassion and psychological well-being (r = 0.802). Linear regression suggested that self-compassion and forgiveness are significant (p ≤ 0.001) predictors of psychological well-being, causing a variance of 75.6%. Mediation revealed significant (p ≤ 0.001) direct, indirect and total effect between the variables, showing that self-compassion partially mediates the relationship between forgiveness and psychological well-being.

Research limitations/implications

The findings provide valuable insights on how fostering self-compassion along with forgiveness can improve psychological well-being among the elderly, however, research on additional variables, drawing comparisons between gender, economic status and clinical populations can be further explored. Nevertheless, this study can be used to develop interventions and therapeutic techniques to enhance self-compassion and forgiveness to improve psychological well-being among older adults.

Originality/value

As per the best knowledge of the researcher, this work is original as it is a primary research and no data has been collected of a similar nature from the participants.
Bacterial synthesis of metal nanoparticles as antimicrobials
Authors: Arora Anika , Lashani Elham , Turner Raymond J.
Published: August 2024

Nanoscience, a pivotal field spanning multiple industries, including healthcare, focuses on nanomaterials characterized by their dimensions. These materials are synthesized through conventional chemical and physical methods, often involving costly and energy‐intensive processes. Alternatively, biogenic synthesis using bacteria, fungi, or plant extracts offers a potentially sustainable and non‐toxic approach for producing metal‐based nanoparticles (NP). This eco‐friendly synthesis approach not only reduces environmental impact but also enhances features of NP production due to the unique biochemistry of the biological systems. Recent advancements have shown that along with chemically synthesized NPs, biogenic NPs possess significant antimicrobial properties. The inherent biochemistry of bacteria enables the efficient conversion of metal salts into NPs through reduction processes, which are further stabilized by biomolecular capping layers that improve biocompatibility and functional properties. This mini review explores the use of bacteria to produce NPs with antimicrobial activities. Microbial technologies to produce NP antimicrobials have considerable potential to help address the antimicrobial resistance crisis, thus addressing critical health issues aligned with the United Nations Sustainability Goal #3 of good health and well‐being.
The talent burden—Identity threats and threat responses in the context of an early‐career talent program
Authors: Bolander Pernilla , Sumelius Jennie , Werr Andreas
Published: August 2024

Although previous research has mainly assumed that talent designation “buoys” individuals' identities, current research is increasingly pointing at the mixed blessing of being identified as a talent. Adopting an identity work perspective, we examine what identity threats talents perceive in the context of an early‐career talent program and how they respond to these perceived threats. Our study builds on qualitative interviews conducted in a large Swedish MNC during three different phases of a talent program. Our findings advance the literature by developing a deeper understanding of the “identity struggles” early‐career talents face during their talent journeys. We conceptualize these struggles as identity threats and identify and analyse specific threats as well as how talents respond to these threats. Our findings show a strong willingness to protect the talent identity, but responses vary over time and between individuals. The study sheds light on how different sources of identity threat and different critical experiences, especially regarding career progress and perceived social support, lead to different responses and outcomes of talent designation.