bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPAD Leaf Greenness Index: Green Mass Yield Indicator of Maize (Zea mays L.), Genetic and Agriculture Practice Relationship
Authors: Szulc Piotr , Bocianowski Jan , Nowosad Kamila , Zielewicz Waldemar , Kobus-Cisowska Joanna
Published: April 2021

The study presents the results of two field studies (Experiment I, Experiment II), whose aim was to assess the impact of agriculture factors on maize green mass and leaf greenness index (Soil and Plant Analysis Development, SPAD) in critical growth stages, as well as to determine the relationship between the SPAD index and the yield of green maize for ensiling. It was shown that thermal and humidity conditions in maize growing seasons determined the value of the SPAD leaf greenness index and the yield of maize harvested for silage. Row application of mineral fertilizer (N, NP) and selection of “stay-green” varieties guarantee a higher yield of maize green mass. Growing maize in direct sowing reduces chlorophyll content expressed in SPAD units, thereby reducing plant nitrogen condition, which significantly decreases the yield of biomass intended for silage. The SPAD leaf greenness index determined in critical stages of maize growth can be considered as a yield predictor of green mass for ensiling. The examined maize cultivars were divided into two groups on the basis of hierarchically grouping using the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means. The first group comprised cultivars SY Cooky and Drim “stay-green,” while the second one included cultivars ES Paroli “stay-green” and ES Palazzo.
Anti-Obesity Effect of Pine Needle Extract on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Kim Eun A. , Yang Ju-Hwan , Byeon Eun-Hye , Kim Woong , Kang Dawon , Han Jaehee , Hong Seong-Geun , Kim Deok-Ryong , Park Sang-Je , Huh Jae-Won , Cheong Hyeonsook , Yun Seung-Pil , Lee Dong-Kun
Published: April 2021

Background: Obesity due to an excessive intake of nutrient disturbs the hypothalamus-mediated energy metabolism subsequently develops metabolic disorders. In this study, we investigated the effect of pine needle extract (PNE) on the hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons involved in the regulation of energy balance via melanocortin system and fat tissue metabolism. Methods: We performed electrophysiological and immunohistochemical analyses to determine the effect of PNE on POMC neurons. Mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet for 12 weeks, then received PNE for the last 2 weeks to measure the following physiological indices: Body weight, food intake, fat/lean mass, glucose metabolism, and plasma leptin levels. In addition, changes of thermogenic, lipolytic, and lipogenetic markers were evaluated in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) by western blotting, respectively. Results: PNE increased hypothalamic POMC neuronal activity, and the effect was abolished by blockade of melanocortin 3/4 receptors (MC3/4Rs). PNE decreased body weight, fat mass, plasma leptin levels, and improved glucose metabolism after high-fat-induced obesity. However, PNE did not change the expression of thermogenic markers of the BAT in HFD fed groups, but decreased only the lipogenetic markers of WAT. This study suggests that PNE has a potent anti-obesity effect, inhibiting lipogenesis in WAT, even though HFD-induced leptin resistance-mediated disruption of POMC neuronal activity.
Medicinal Plant Extracts
Authors: Vicaș Laura Grațiela , Mureșan Mariana Eugenia
Published: April 2021

The therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants are well known and have been collected as important data on ethnomedicine [...]
The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil
Authors: Burachevskaya Marina , Mandzhieva Saglara , Bauer Tatiana , Minkina Tatiana , Rajput Vishnu , Chaplygin Victor , Fedorenko Aleksey , Chernikova Natalia , Zamulina Inna , Kolesnikov Sergey , Sushkova Svetlana , Perelomov Leonid
Published: April 2021

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.
Plant Species of Sub-Family Valerianaceae—A Review on Its Effect on the Central Nervous System
Authors: Das Gitishree , Shin Han-Seung , Tundis Rosa , Gonçalves Sandra , Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus G. , Campos Maria G. , Acquaviva Rosaria , Malfa Giuseppe Antonio , Romano Anabela , Robles Joyce Ann H. , Clores Mariel Q. , Patra Jayanta-Kumar
Published: April 2021

Valerianaceae, the sub-family of Caprifoliaceae, contains more than 300 species of annual and perennial herbs, worldwide distributed. Several species are used for their biological properties while some are used as food. Species from the genus Valeriana have been used for their antispasmodic, relaxing, and sedative properties, which have been mainly attributed to the presence of valepotriates, borneol derivatives, and isovalerenic acid. Among this genus, the most common and employed species is Valerianaofficinalis. Although valerian has been traditionally used as a mild sedative, research results are still controversial regarding the role of the different active compounds, the herbal preparations, and the dosage used. The present review is designed to summarize and critically describe the current knowledge on the different plant species belonging to Valerianaceae, their phytochemicals, their uses in the treatment of different diseases with particular emphasis on the effects on the central nervous system. The available information on this sub-family was collected from scientific databases up until year 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Sci Finder, Web of Science, Science Direct, NCBI, and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Valerianaceae, Valeriana, Centranthus, Fedia, Patrinia, Nardostachys, Plectritis, and Valerianella, phytochemical composition, in vivo studies, Central Nervous System, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anxiety, preclinical and clinical studies.
Delayed Discharge Bridging Two Sputtering Modes from Modulated Pulsed Power Magnetron Sputtering (MPPMS) to Deep Oscillation Magnetron Sputtering (DOMS)
Authors: Sanekata Masaomi , Nishida Hiroshi , Watabe Tatsuya , Nakagomi Yuki , Hirai Yoshihiro , Nishimiya Nobuo , Tona Masahide , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Hirata Naoyuki , Tsukamoto Keizo , Ohshimo Keijiro , Misaizu Fuminori , Fuke Kiyokazu
Published: April 2021

Delayed discharges due to electrical breakdown are observed in modulated pulsed pow er magnetron sputtering (MPPMS) plasma of titanium. The delayed discharge, which is remarkable with decreasing argon gas pressure, transforms the discharge current waveform from a standard modulated pulsed discharge current waveform to a comb-like discharge current waveform consisting of several pulses with high power. In addition, the delay times, consisting of statistical times and formative times in the delayed MPPMS discharges, are experimentally measured with the help of Laue plot analysis. The pressure dependence of delay times observed indicates that the delayed discharge behavior matches the breakdown characteristics well. In the present study, the delayed discharge dynamics of the comb-like discharge current waveform, which can be the origin of deep oscillation magnetron sputtering, are investigated based on measurement of the delay times and the characteristics of discharge current waveforms.
Enhanced Biomechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Hybrid Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Barbon Silvia , Contran Martina , Stocco Elena , Todros Silvia , Macchi Veronica , Caro Raffaele De , Porzionato Andrea
Published: April 2021

Articular cartilage damage is a primary feature of osteoarthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis). Repairing articular cartilage is highly challenging due to its avascular/aneural nature and low cellularity. To induce functional neocartilage formation, the tissue substitute must have mechanical properties which can adapt well to the loading conditions of the joint. Among the various biomaterials which may function as cartilage replacements, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels stand out for their high biocompatibility and tunable mechanical features. This review article describes and discusses the enrichment of PVA with natural materials (i.e., collagen, hyaluronic acid, hydroxyapatite, chitosan, alginate, extracellular matrix) ± synthetic additives (i.e., polyacrylic acid, poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, graphene oxide, bioactive glass) to produce cartilage substitutes with enhanced mechanical performance. PVA-based hybrid scaffolds have been investigated mainly by compression, tensile, friction, stress relaxation and creep tests, demonstrating increased stiffness and friction properties, and with cartilage-like viscoelastic behavior. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility studies revealed positive outcomes but also many gaps yet to be addressed. Thus, recommendations for future research are proposed in order to prompt further progress in the fabrication of PVA-based hybrid scaffolds which increasingly match the biological and mechanical properties of native cartilage.
Assessment of Advanced Oxidation Processes Using Zebrafish in a Non-Forced Exposure System: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Cabascango Tamia , Ortiz Karol , Sandoval Pauker Christian , Espinoza Pavón Isabel , Ramoji Anuradha , Popp Jürgen , Pérez Jady , Pinto C. Miguel , Rivera-Parra José Luis , Muñoz-Bisesti Florinella , Aldás María Belén , Araújo Cristiano V. M. , Vargas Jentzsch Paul
Published: April 2021

Water bodies and aquatic ecosystems are threatened by discharges of industrial waters. Ecotoxicological effects of components occurring in untreated and treated wastewaters are often not considered. The use of a linear, multi-compartmented, non-forced, static system constructed with PET bottles is proposed for the quality assessment of treated waters, to deal with such limitations. Two synthetic waters, one simulating wastewater from the textile industry and the other one simulating wastewater from the cassava starch industry, were prepared and treated by homogeneous Fenton process and heterogeneous photocatalysis, respectively. Untreated and treated synthetic waters and their dilutions were placed into compartments of the non-forced exposure system, in which zebrafish (Danio rerio), the indicator organism, could select the environment of its preference. Basic physical–chemical and chemical parameters of untreated and treated synthetic waters were measured. The preference and avoidance responses allowed verification of whether or not the quality of the water was improved due to the treatment. The results of these assays can be a complement to conventional parameters of water quality.
Design and Comparison of Strategies for Level Control in a Nonlinear Tank
Authors: Urrea Claudio , Páez Felipe
Published: April 2021

In this work, a study of the water level control of an inverted conical tank system is presented. This type of tank has highly nonlinear mathematical and dynamic characteristics. Four control strategies are designed, applied, and compared, namely classical Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID), Gain Scheduling (GS), Internal Model Control (IMC), and Fuzzy Logic (FL). To determine which of the designed control strategies are the most suitable for an inverted conical tank, a comparative study of the behavior of the system is carried out. With this purpose, and considering situations much closer to reality, a variety of scenarios, such as step responses, random input disturbances, and momentary load disturbances, are conducted. Additionally, performance indexes (error- and statistics-based) are calculated to assess the system’s response.
Pulse Electric Field Technology for Wastewater and Biomass Residues’ Improved Valorization
Authors: Capodaglio Andrea G.
Published: April 2021

Development and adoption of more efficient and robust technologies for reuse of wastewater embedded resources, in particular materials and energy, is becoming an unavoidable necessity. Among many emerging technologies in the sector of wastewater treatment residuals valorization, Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) processes have shown interesting potential, although they have not yet entered the sector’s mainstream as a consolidated commercial technology, as in other industrial applications, such as the food, medical, and bio-based industries. PEF is a non-thermal technology suitable to biological applications, involving gentle cell disintegration and enhanced cell membrane permeability and as such applicable to disinfection, sterilization, and to those processes that benefit from an enhanced extraction of organic compounds from biological matter, such as anaerobic digestion, biological processes for recovery of nutrients, and biorefinery of cell-embedded compounds. PEF technology applications in wastewater/biomass residues management are reported and advantages, drawbacks, and barriers of the technology are discussed in this paper.
Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Properties and Fire Behavior of Epoxy Composites Reinforced by Fabrics and Powder Fillers
Authors: Sałasińska Kamila , Kirpluks Mikelis , Cabulis Peteris , Kovalovs Andrejs , Skukis Eduard , Kozikowski Paweł , Celiński Maciej , Mizera Kamila , Gałecka Marta , Kalnins Kaspars , Cabulis Ugis
Published: April 2021

Different types of fabrics, such as aramid (A), carbon (C), basalt (B), glass (G), and flax (F), as well as powder fillers, were used to manufacture the epoxy-based hybrid composites by the hand-lay-up method. In this work, a few research methods, including hardness, flexural tests, puncture impact behavior, as well as cone calorimetry (CC) measurements, were applied to determine the impact of type fillers and order of fabrics on the performance and burning behavior of hybrid composites. The mechanical properties were evaluated to correlate with the microstructure and consider together with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data.
Enzymatic Process for Cystoseira barbata Valorization: Ethanol Production and Additional By-Products
Authors: Cioroiu Tirpan Doinita-Roxana , Sterpu Ancaelena Eliza , Koncsag Claudia Irina , Ciufu Alina Georgiana , Dobre Tănase
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of dried Cystoseira barbata alga for ethanol production through alcoholic fermentation. The influence of the main factors affecting the fermentation are studied in the frame of a 23 factorial experimental plan. The main factors influencing the process are the fermentation temperature (t from 25 °C to 35 °C), the solid to liquid ratio (S/L from 0.040 g/g to 0.080 g/g), and the cellulase ratio (R from 8 U/g d.m to 16 U/g d.m.). The maximum volatile compounds yield of 0.2808 g/g d.m and ethanol yield of 0.0158 g/g d.m were favored by the following experimental conditions: process temperature of 35 °C, solid to liquid ratio of 0.0415, and enzyme ratio of 16 U/g d.m. A statistical model was used to correlate the product yield with the process factors. Additionally, 19 interesting bioactive compounds were found in the enzymatic hydrolysis and alcoholic fermentation broths which seem likely to maintain natural defence mechanisms against diseases and physical disorders.
Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Vaccines: Current Strategies and Challenges for Vaccine Development
Authors: Chu Ki-Back , Quan Fu-Shi
Published: April 2021

Toxoplasmosis, caused by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most damaging parasite-borne zoonotic diseases of global importance. While approximately one-third of the entire world’s population is estimated to be infected with T. gondii, an effective vaccine for human use remains unavailable. Global efforts in pursuit of developing a T. gondii vaccine have been ongoing for decades, and novel innovative approaches have been introduced to aid this process. A wide array of vaccination strategies have been conducted to date including, but not limited to, nucleic acids, protein subunits, attenuated vaccines, and nanoparticles, which have been assessed in rodents with promising results. Yet, translation of these in vivo results into clinical studies remains a major obstacle that needs to be overcome. In this review, we will aim to summarize the current advances in T. gondii vaccine strategies and address the challenges hindering vaccine development.
Association between Influenza Vaccination and Positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM Tests in the General Population of Katowice Region, Poland
Authors: Kowalska Małgorzata , Niewiadomska Ewa , Barański Kamil , Kaleta-Pilarska Angelina , Brożek Grzegorz , Zejda Jan Eugeniusz
Published: April 2021

The explanation of the potential interaction between the influenza vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection is urgently needed in the public health. The objective of the study is to compare the occurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM tests in subjects with and without recent (last year) seasonal influenza vaccinations. In a cross-sectional study located in three large towns of Silesian Voivodeship (Poland), we studied 5479 subjects in which 1253 (22.9%) had a positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test and 400 (7.3%) had a positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM test. Seasonal influenza vaccination remains an independent factor protecting against positive IgG tests (OR = 0.68; 0.55–0.83). The effect is not apparent with IgM antibodies. The obtained results confirmed that the serological status of SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on vaccination against seasonal influenza.
Not Enough Sami? The Affects of Postcolonial Identity
Authors: Barbora Starkutė Ugnė
Published: April 2021

The article explores how people identify with their ‘Saminess’. To understand this better, discourses of affects and emotions around the topic are analysed, particularly shame and inadequacy. They show how people ‘measure’ Saminess in relation to ‘proper’ Sami. I investigate here if this is a fault of a discursive dichotomy between modernity and tradition – the depiction of a traditional indigenous group forming in opposition to a coloniser’s modern identity. Key words: Sami, indigeneity, modernity, tradition, identity.
„Grįžti, kad sukurtum pokytį“: sugrįžusiųjų iš migracijos socialinės perlaidos ir jų perdavimas
Authors: Lukošienė Indra Lukošienė
Published: April 2021

‘Returning to Make a Change‘: Social Remittances of Return Migration and their Transfer

The article aims to show how returnees interpret the transfer of their accumulated
knowledge, experience and ideas in Lithuania, using the concept
of social remittances, and discussing normative structures and practice systems,
and how returnees identify their relationship with the social environment
of the country of origin. The aims are to discuss what types of social
remittances were brought from migration, the experience, and how and to
whom they are most often transferred.

Key words: social remittances, returnees, social change, migrational experience,
transfer process.
,,Ar iš balos tas gražumas mano prigimimo?” Mintys, kilusios skaitant tradicinei lietuvių
valstiečių vyrų aprangai skirtą monografiją
Authors: Mardosa Jonas Mardosa
Published: April 2021

‘Mirror, Mirror on the W all, Who’s the Fairest of them All?’ Thoughts on a Monograph about the Traditional Clothing of Lithuanian Peasant Men

The author of the review discusses the debatable aspects of Vida Kulikauskienė’s
monograph ‘Traditional Clothing of Lithuanian Peasant Men’. First, he highlights
the value of the book. He notes that the book is the result of Kulikauskienė‘s longterm
research into traditional peasant men’s clothing, and the reconstruction and
creation of the Lithuanian national clothes in relation to it. Ethnographic fieldwork,
which began in the 1960s, took place within the context of the preparation
of the ‘Historical Ethnographic Atlas of Baltic National Clothes’. Until then, research
into women’s traditional clothing, which had been carried out for several
decades, and the well-established picture of their regional sets, contrasted with
men’s clothing as depicted mostly in a variety of fragmentary literary texts.
After a few years, the ethnographic information covering the entire territory
of Lithuania began to appear in Kulikauskienė’s articles published in various local
monographs. After supplementing the data gathered during the ethnographic
field-trips with literary material, and researching in museums and archives,
Kulikauskienė wrote and sucessfully defended her doctoral dissertation. At the
same time, an introductory text for the ‘Historical Ethnographic Atlas of Baltic
National Clothes’ was written, and maps were compiled. The atlas was published
in Riga in 1985. Before that, Kulikauskienė published a series of articles on
clothing, and wrote a manuscript for this monograph. The ethnologists Dr Irma
Šidiškienė and Dr Dalia Bernotaitė-Beliauskienė took the initiative and prepared
the final version of the manuscript, selected illustrations, and wrote footnotes
and explanations.
Neorectal Mucosal Prolapse After Intersphincteric Resection for Low-Lying Rectal Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Alessa Mohammed , Bae Hyeon Woo , Alawfi Homoud , Sakr Ahmad , Sauri Fozan , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: April 2021

Radical resection for low rectal cancer is the mainstay among the treatment modalities. Intersphincteric resection (ISR) is considered a relatively new but effective surgical treatment for low-lying rectal tumor. As the sphincter preserving techniques get popularized, we notice uncommon complication associated with it in the form of rectal mucosal prolapse. We presented 2 rare cases that developed neorectal mucosa prolapse after ISR a complication following low rectal cancer surgery. Although ISR is a safe and effective surgical technique for low rectal cancer, it should be considered to correct modifiable possible risk factors. Also, Delorme procedure is good option for management of neorectal mucosal prolapse.
Study and estimation of sound absorption coefficient of pin holder structure
Authors: Satoh Takamasa , Sakamoto Shuichi , Akamine Kohta , Unai Shunsuke , Isobe Takunari , Iizuka Kenta
Published: April 2021

In this study, a theoretical analysis of the acoustic characteristics of a pin holder structure was conducted. In addition, the sound absorption coefficient, entering its clearance through the geometrical dimension of the clearance or the physical property of air, was calculated. The
analysis model approximates the aperture of a pin holder structure as the clearance between two parallel surfaces. Thus, the propagation constant and characteristic impedance were obtained and treated as a one-dimensional transfer matrix. Subsequently, the sound absorption coefficient was
calculated using the transfer matrix method and was compared with the experimental results. In the experiment, a two-microphone impedance tube was used to measure the sound absorption coefficient of the test samples. We attempted to perform a simple yet accurate estimation using these procedures.
The theoretical analysis values exhibited a similar tendency to that of the experimental values.
Transmission loss of lined Helmholtz resonator with annular air gap: A Green's function based approach
Authors: Veerababu D. , Venkatesham B.
Published: April 2021

The present article discusses a Green's function-based semi-analytical method to predict the transmission loss of a lined Helmholtz resonator with annular air gap. In the analysis, the walls of the chamber are assumed to be acoustically rigid except at the neck portion where it is treated
as a piston source moving with uniform velocity. The Green's function is developed as the summation of eigenfunctions of the central duct. The cumulative effect of the lined portion and the annular air gap including the perforated screens is incorporated as the reflection coefficient in the
eigenfunctions. By using the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral equation, the velocity potential generated by the piston inside the chamber is evaluated. A transfer matrix relating the acoustic pressure and volume velocity across the neck in the main duct is formulated. The effect of the neck length
is included as an added inertance to the impedance in the transfer matrix. The results obtained from the proposed method are validated with the developed numerical models and the experimental data available in the literature. A parametric study has been conducted to investigate the effect
of porosity of the perforated screens, thickness and flow resistivity of the absorptive material on the transmission loss of the chamber.
Performance analysis of active control systems based on the source-sink flow relationship of the structural intensity
Authors: Ku J.M. , Lee J.W. , Jeong W.B. , Hong C.
Published: April 2021

The mechanisms of feedforward and feedback methods were analyzed for active vibration control. A feedforward controller was designed in the frequency domain using optimal control theory. The feedback control uses the direct velocity feedback method. The two control methods were applied
to a plate, and the mechanisms were analyzed by examining the structural intensity map. In the case of the feedback system, the disturbance acting on the structure serves as a source, and the control force acts as a sink to reduce the vibration energy of the structure. On the other hand, in
the feedforward system, the energy is reduced by the destructive interference of the intensity generated by the disturbance and control force. In this case, when analyzing the vibration intensity of the structure, component by component, the intensity generated by the control force is interfered
with mainly the mutual power terms. They are the product of the force due to disturbance and the velocity due to control force, vice versa. Based on this analysis under the source-sink relationship of the feedback system, we confirmed that a higher control performance can be obtained by the
control force at a point where the structural intensity is in a more easily flow position.
Assessment of point and line contact stiffness formulations leading to the initiation of hammering type brake squeal
Authors: Sen Osman Taha , Singh Rajendra
Published: April 2021

This article proposes a refined nonlinear mathematical model to conceptually investigate the brake pad kinematics and dynamics in order to reveal certain important aspects that have been ignored in prior studies. In particular, the proposed model is formulated as a three degree-of-freedom
mass positioned on a rigid frictional surface moving at constant velocity. The mass is assumed to make planar motion in vertical plane, two translations and one rotation. The interfacial contact is first examined by a point contact model with linear translational springs at edges and then
the line contact is defined over the entire interface. Furthermore, kinematic and clearance nonlinearities are included. The nonlinear governing equations with point contacts at edges are numerically solved at certain angular arrangements of normal force vectors. Then, the line contact interface
is solved again for the same normal force vector arrangements. Comparison reveals that the line contact approach provides more meaningful results. Finally, a linearized system model and the existence of quasi-static sliding motion are examined over a range of the normal force vector arrangements.
Overall, inclusion of the rotational degree of freedom in the source model is crucial and the importance of pad-disc separation is clearly explained by the proposed formulation. This leads to a better understanding of the hammering type brake squeal source mechanisms while overcoming the limitation
of prior minimal order models
Didáctica virtual y desempeño académico en estudiantes de maestrías de educación de la PUCE – Ambato
Authors: Abad Tandazo Luis Alvián , Barrera Erreyes Helder Marcell
Published: April 2021

El artículo sobre la “Didáctica Virtual y el Desempeño Académico de los estudiantes en las Maestrías de Educación de la PUCE–Ambato”, describe cómo los docentes con título de tercer nivel siguen el reto de formación profesional de una maestría en un contexto de estudios de modalidad virtual considerando el momento de pandemia que altera significativamente factores bio-psicosociales, los objetivos son; fundamentar teórica y metodológicamente el desarrollo de la didáctica virtual en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes, diagnosticar en los maestrantes la verificación del desempeño académico y evaluar teóricamente la didáctica virtual en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de las maestrías, la metodología que se aplicará tiene un alcance explicativo y descriptivo. La modalidad es cualitativa de tipo bibliográfica. Entre las conclusiones se evidencia que la didáctica virtual es significativa dependiendo de las metodologías aplicadas por el docente y en educación on-line el uso de herramientas tecnológicas didácticas que interactúen en clase, el desempeño académico tiene factores externos que afectan áreas afectivas, laborales y familiares, más aún en tipos de pandemia.
Teorías científicas. Las propuestas de Popper y Kuhn sobre investigaciones científicas
Authors: Humpiri Nuñez Jimy , Humpri Nuñez Flor de Maria , Mamani Condori Eddy Erik
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las teorías científicas según los postulados de Popper y Kuhn sobre investigaciones científicas. La metodología empleada es un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. Como conclusión, el proceso de formulación de teoría en el desarrollo de la ciencia, condicionadas a su contrastación, refutación y nueva conjetura constante en búsqueda de una mayor certeza en el conocimiento científico según la postura de Popper, la misma que podría ser condicionado no solo a la postura de Kuhn en las revoluciones científicas y su inconmensurabilidad terminológica, condicionado al desarrollo de la naturaleza y la sociedad. Es por ello, que dentro del desarrollo de la ciencia sujeta a la conjetura y refutación, ensayo – error y el proceso de falsación y contrastación, queda abierta la discusión de la inconmensurabilidad, no solo en la transmisión del lenguaje, sino, la concepción del cambio inevitable tanto del tiempo-espacio-fenómeno–investigador; como dentro conocimiento científico.
Pencarian Kata Pada Aplikasi Kamus Istilah Komputer dan Informatika Menggunakan Algoritma Brute Force Berbasis Android
Authors: Rismayani Rismayani , Sambo Layuk Novita , Wahyuni Sri , Wali Hartana , Marselina Ni Kadek
Published: April 2021

Kamus istilah komputer berarti kamus yang memuat istilah dengan makna konsepnya dari bidang ilmu tertentu. Selama ini kamus istilah komputer hanya berbentuk buku secara fisik kemudian berkembang menjadi sebuah kamus digital berupa website ataupun berupa aplikasi berbasis Android yang tersedia di play Store atau pun App store. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah selama ini kamus istilah masih banyak yang berbentuk buku untuk menemukan istilah yang ingin dicari masih harus membuka lembaran buku dan melakukan pencarian dengan melihat urutan berdasarkan abjad. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi kamus pencarian istilah komputer dan informatika berbasis android. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode algoritma brute force sebagai metode pencarian istilah pada aplikasi yang dibuat, algoritma brute force adalah algoritma yang sifatnya straight, lurus atau bisa juga disebut sebagai algoritma yang lempeng. Algoritma brute force merupakan bentuk algoritma yang sangat kompleks, karena untuk dapat menyelesaikan masalah dengan teknik straight forward atau lempeng ini, dibutuhkan banyak masukan dan juga pertimbangan secara logis, sehingga dapat diperoleh sebuah keputusan pemecahan masalah yag langsung mengacu atau menuju kepada hasil yang diinginkan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian adalah untuk memudahkan user atau pengguna untuk mencari kata istilah dengan cepat dan hasil dari algoritma brute force dapat menampilkan hasil dari pencarian kata istilah komputer dan informatika.
Português como Língua de Herança: famílias na diáspora brasileira e sua relação com a Língua Portuguesa
Authors:   , Dutra Maíra Candian de Paula
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral compreender o Português como Língua de Herança sendo estabelecido em famílias brasileiras expatriadas. Com o foco em brasileiros (as) que vivem em diáspora e que possuem filhos, investigamos aspectos do Português como Língua de Herança em sua dimensão familiar: i) as interações da família que são realizadas em Português; ii) a inserção da família na comunidade brasileira local, se existir uma; iii) o contato da família com a cultura brasileira e iv) as motivações que o familiar brasileiro possui para transmitir o Português como Língua de Herança aos filhos. Para tanto, apresentamos o conceito de Língua de Herança (CUMMINS, 1983) diferenciandoo dos conceitos de Língua Materna, Segunda Língua, Língua Estrangeira (SPINASSÉ, 2006) e Língua Adicional (SCHLATTER & GARCEZ, 2009). Apresentamos também o contexto sócio-histórico em que se insere a pesquisa, abordando aspectos das diásporas lusófona e brasileira, as quais são responsáveis pelos cenários em que o Português como Língua de Herança emerge. Adentramos, assim, em reflexões sobre identidades (HALL, 2009, 2014; RAJAGOPALAN, 1998) e culturas (KRAMSCH, 1998) de falantes de Português como Língua de Herança, uma vez que compreendemos que identidades e culturas estão intrínsecas às línguas de um sujeito. Além disso, fizemos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o âmbito do ensino de Português como Língua de Herança (MELO-PFEIFER, 2018; MENDES, 2012, 2015). Apresentamos também a metodologia na qual a pesquisa se ancora e, por fim, as análises realizadas nessa pesquisa qualitativa (YIN, 2016). A atual investigação, inserida no campo da Linguística Aplicada, busca compreender, além do estabelecimento do Português como Língua de Herança, as relações que famílias de brasileiros com filhos, vivendo em diáspora possuem com a Língua Portuguesa. Constatamos que o Português como Língua de Herança (em sua variante brasileira) é uma evidência da diáspora brasileira. Identificamos que o uso do Português nos ambientes familiares que pesquisamos é resultado proporcional da relevância que o participante da pesquisa dá à sua Língua Materna e ao aprendizado do Português pelos filhos.
Encryption Based on Cellular Automata for Wireless Devices in IoT Environment
Authors: Shanmuganathan Harinee , Mahendran Anand
Published: April 2021

A large number of physical objects are interconnected and accessed through the internet along with the existing technology like cloud computing, mobile computing, wireless sensor networks and big data forms a big paradigm called the Internet of Things (IoT). Data from remote and neglected areas are collected via wireless sensors and stored in the cloud. Growth in the number of the sensing device and the server to which these are connected leads to many security issues and malicious attacks. With mirai botnet and jeep hack about 150 million user’s information from MyFitnessPal nutrition app was stolen. This paper mainly focuses on security challenges for transmitting the data in the wireless sensor network in the IoT environment. To avoid the malicious attack, eavesdropping, algebraic attacks and other attacks a new security algorithm is proposed based on Cellular Automata (CA) which has a key length of 80 bits and the text size is 64 bits. Reversible rules of CA are used in this algorithm to achieve reversibility, parallelism, stability, randomness, and uniformity. The process of encryption and decryption is performed for 15 rounds to avoid dependency between the ciphertext and the plain text. Finally, we compare the execution time, throughput and the avalanche effect of the proposed algorithm with the existing algorithm like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Height, Present algorithm. The proposed algorithm is verified to be a better choice for lost cost and resource-restricted devices.
“Tienen que entrevistarlo ahorita porque lo van a matar”
Authors: Pérez Mena Daniel , Sánchez Francisco J.
Published: April 2021

Este artículo pretende resumir algunas consideraciones epistemológicas y metodológicas que hemos precisado tras investigar fenómenos asociados a la violencia estructural y armada en contextos de exclusión social y precariedad. Específicamente, en estas investigaciones nos hemos aproximado a dichos fenómenos desde un paradigma constructivista y utilizando diversas metodologías que se ubican dentro del enfoque metodológico cualitativo; por tanto, nuestras apreciaciones se encuentran cimentadas en dichos posicionamientos y orientadas, específicamente, al desarrollo de la construcción de conocimientos en torno a la violencia policial en Caracas, Venezuela. De esta manera, contextualizamos el uso de conceptos cualitativistas como la reflexividad, la transparencia y el “dar voz al otro”, en las prácticas investigativas en torno a dichos fenómenos.
Hacerse un nombre.
Authors: Mancini Inés , Caravaca Evangelina , Dikenstein Violeta
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se abordan y analizan resultados de tres investigaciones socio-antropológicas que tienen por característica común el hecho de recuperar actores que no son los más usuales ni consagrados dentro de los estudios de seguridad: nos referimos a los vecinos activistas de la seguridad, los familiares de detenidos y los jóvenes activistas contra la violencia institucional. Estos actores comparten una relativa invisibilidad: por un lado, en el campo académico y, por el otro, dentro de las esferas donde ellos se mueven, pues no son actores institucionalmente acreditados y se encuentran produciendo socialmente su nombre. A lo largo del artículo se analizan las implicancias teóricas y metodológicas que conlleva indagar sobre actores en construcción; así como las implicancias de realizar trabajo de campo con actores que desarrollan un tipo particular de activismo donde, entre otras cuestiones, procuran alcanzar visibilidad y relevancia en sus esferas de acción.
Gendarmería Nacional Argentina y la gestión de los conflictos y la violencia en barrios informales del sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Zajac Joaquín
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del artículo es describir y analizar las intervenciones de Gendarmería Nacional Argentina (GNA) ante situaciones de conflictividad y violencia en barrios informales del sur de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre 2016 y 2019, el marco de política pública y las representaciones institucionales que encuadran dichas prácticas. Analizo las tensiones y dificultades que conlleva para muchos efectivos de la Gendarmería intervenir ante demandas que desbordan funciones institucionalmente ponderadas como “propias”. También, la forma en que dichas intervenciones iluminan una dimensión constructiva del “poder de policía”, así como de una particular tecnología estatal de administración de los “márgenes”, sus demandas y conflictos. El artículo se apoya en el análisis de fuentes documentales, y en un trabajo de campo etnográfico con efectivos de Gendarmería en el sur de CABA entre 2016 y 2017, y con habitantes de dichos barrios en 2019.
Primjena poliuretana u izradi potplata za cipele
Authors: Rajić Ivona , Govorčin Bajsić Emi , Holjevac Grgurić Tamara
Published: April 2021

Dobra obuća trebala bi biti udobna, dugotrajna i primjerena svrsi, a poliuretani (PU) su upravo materijali koji omogućuju dizajnerima da ispune sve ove ciljeve. Poliuretani se u industriji obuće koriste za izradu uložaka i potplata za cipele. Postoje dva tipa PU potplata na osnovi polietera i poliestera. PU potplati na osnovi polietera imaju visoku otpornost na hidrolizu i nisku otpornost na ulje dok PU potplati na osnovi poliestera imaju nisku otpornost na hidrolizu i visoku otpornost na ulje. U ovom radu istražena su toplinska i mehanička svojstva PU elastomera s polieter i poliester poliolom uz različite udjele tvrdog segmenta. Poliuretanski elastomeri priređeni su pretpolimernim postupkom. DSC tehnikom dobivena je djelomična kristalna struktura PU elastomera. Veću kristalnost imaju PU elastomeri s eterskim tipom poliola. Rezultati dobiveni DMA mjerenjem pokazuju da se staklište mekog segmenta povisuje i relaksacijski maksimum se proširuje povećanjem udjela tvrdog segmenta u PU elastomerima na osnovi esterskog tipa poliola uslijed interakcija između uretanske skupine i karbonilne skupine iz poliestera. Mehanička ispitivanja pokazuju porast prekidne čvrstoće s povećanjem udjela tvrdog segmenta.
Primjena tradicijskih elemenata kožnog prsluka usuvremenoj kolekciji ženske odjeće
Authors: Šabarić Irena , Koturić Anita , Rogina-Car Beti
Published: April 2021

Kolekcija ženske odjeće prikazana u radu inspirirana je kožnim elementima etna muške i ženske narodne nošnje Slavonije. Obzirom na bogatstvo i različitost nošnji izdvojen je jedan kožni element s kožuha koji je razrađen na nov način i primijenjen u suvremenoj kolekciji odjeće. Puno pažnje posvetilo se ručnoj izradi i kvaliteti pa ova kolekcija ima i obilježja visoke mode. U likovnom dijelu, kroz skice, je razrađena odabrana tema odnosno element. Razrađeni su modeli te mjesta gdje će se i na koji način aplicirati kožni elementi i ogledala. Kolekcija element nošnje prebacuje u jednostavne, pročišćene odjevne predmete, čime stvara kontrast između staroga i novoga, tradicije i moderne. Prikazuje sadašnjost, suvremenu kolekciju nastalu na temeljima bogate prošlosti i tradicije. Rezultat je prikazan u obliku realizirane kolekcije ženske odjeće s izrađenim kožnim etno aplikacijama.
Pregled stanja kožarsko-prerađivačke industrije za razdoblje 2008. - 2019. i u vrijeme pandemije zbog korona virusa COVID-19 u 2020.
Authors: Divić Jagoda
Published: April 2021

Dan je pregled osnovnih statističkih pokazatelja kožarsko-prerađivačke industrije za period 2008-2019. te za razdoblje prvih 8 mjeseci 2020. god. Kožarsko-prerađivačka industrija radno je intenzivna i izvozno usmjerena industrija koja zapošljava oko 10.000 ljudi. Uspoređujući statističke pokazatelje zadnjih 10 godina, prema broju zaposlenih i ukupnom prihodu, uočeno je da je ova industrijska grana imala najbolje financijske pokazatelje 2015. godine, nakon toga bilježi uglavnom pad do 2019. god. Industrijska proizvodnja je zbog pandemije korona virusa Covid-19 u prvih 8 mjeseci 2020. ukupno pala za 4,7 %, prerađivačka ukupno za 5,4 %, dok je kožarsko-pređivačka industrijala pala 3 puta više tj. za 15,6 % u odnosu na isto razdoblje 2019. god. Neto prosječna plaća u 2019. god. je u odnosu na 2015. porasla za 28,1 %, dok u 2019. u odnosu na ukupno prerađivačku industriju zaostaje god. za 26,0 %. Postoji nedostatak radne snage, posebno stručno obrazovane, zbog prirodnog odljeva odnosno odlaska u mirovinu starijih zaposlenika te slabije motivacije mlađih ljudi koji poslove traže u nekim bolje plaćenim industrijama ili pak u inozemstvu.
The use of virtual reality interfaces in the field of information security
Authors: Zhernova K.N.
Published: April 2021

Technologies of virtual and augmented reality are gaining popularity. Virtual reality is used in many areas, including beginning to be used in the field of information and computer security. In addition, virtual reality interfaces are also susceptible to attacks. However, there are still few works on research in this area. This article provides an overview of existing solutions to computer security problems using virtual and augmented reality interfaces, as well as an overview and classification of the identified threats for these interfaces themselves.
A model of detecting cyberattacks on cyber-physical systems of critical infrastructure nuclear facilities
Authors: Chechulin A.A. , Popova V.O.
Published: April 2021

The article presents an approach to classification that will help to identify specific areas of possible cyberattacks and significantly narrow the range of targets vulnerable to attackers. Criteria are considered that allow one to classify cyber-physical systems (attack targets) that are part of nuclear facilities. It is proposed to enter into the basis of the classification such concepts as an object, an attacking and attacking action. The novelty in this work lies in the development of a classification that can be used most effectively to assess the vulnerabilities of systems of critical infrastructure facilities.
Automation of selecting the functional structure of a system for complex emergency simulation
Authors: Pimanov I. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The paper formulates the problem of selecting the composition of computational and modeling services that form the functional structure of complex modeling systems (CMS) of emergencies and describes the algorithm for its solution. The main initial prerequisites for the formulation of the mentioned problem are: 1 - the need to use not one, but a set of models, with the implementation of a mechanism for the prompt selection and adjustment of specific models in each particular emergency situation to improve the quality of emergency forecasting; 2 - the feasibility of using a service-oriented architecture to create an CMS, within which the computational and modeling components of the system are implemented as web services with a certain set of values of their functioning quality indicators. The selection problem is posed as a multi-criteria one with three types of quality indicators - the cost of modeling (use of services), operativeness (duration of calculation operations) and the target quality indicator (accuracy of modeling). As a result of solving this problem according to the proposed algorithm, a compromise version of the functional structure of the CMS is determined, which minimizes the maximum relative weighted deviation from the optima by particular indicators of the quality of services. The demonstration example shows that the proposed approach provides a fundamental possibility of automating the task of selecting the CMS functional structure both directly when modeling a developing emergency, and in a scenario mode.