bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Central Compartment Involvement in T3 & T4 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Rahman Md Murshedur , Siddiquee Belayat Hossain , Rahman Hawlader Mohammad Mustafizur , Rahaman Mohammad Habibur , Rahaman Md Lutfor , Talukdar Sabyasachi
Published: March 2023

Background: Lymphatic metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is common; however, the extent of central compartment lymph nodes dissection (CCD) is controversial and requires the knowledge of pattern for central compartment (level VI) lymph nodes metastasis (CCM).
Objective: To determine the frequency of central compartment (level VI) lymph node metastasis in T3 & T4 papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head &Neck Surgery, BSMMU, Dhaka, from January 2019 to June 2020. A total of 31 cases of T3 & T4 PTC were selected after obtaining clearance and approval from the IRB of BSMMU; the subjects were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After taking informed written consent detailed history and examination was done. Ultrasound neck and fine-needle aspiration cytology was taken from all thyroid swelling. All patients had underwent total thyroidectomy with central compartment dissection. The data were analyzed by computer-based statistical software SPSS version 26. Results were expressed as frequency and percentage. Z proportion test was done as applicable.
Results: In this study, mean (±SD) tumor size was 3.66 (±1.34) cm. 20 (64.52%) had T3 and 11 (35.48%) T4 PTC. 11 (35.48%) had N0, 20 (64.52%) N1a and 8 (25.81%) N1b. 20 (64.52%) had overall central compartment lymph nodes metastasis. Among T3 papillary thyroid carcinoma, 12 (60%) had overall central compartment lymph nodes metastasis, and inT4 papillary thyroid carcinoma, 8 (72.7%) had overall central compartment lymph nodes metastasis. This difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The frequency of central compartment (level VI) lymph node metastasis (CCM) is high (64.52%) in T3 & T4 papillary thyroid carcinoma. So central compartment (level VI) should be dissected in advanced (T3 & T4) papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(2): 149-156
Pemberdayaan Anak Yatim Melalui Pengelolaan Dana Zakat
Authors: Moh. Yustafad  , Muhammad Mubarok
Published: March 2023

Pemberdayaan anak yatim adalah upaya untuk meningkatkan harkat dan martabat anak yatim, melepaskan diri dari ketidakberdayaan, memiliki kemampuan dan kemandirian untuk menjalani kehidupan yang lebih baik, dan hidup secara wajar dalam masyarakat. Dana zakat merupakan dana amanah yang dibatasi oleh sumber zakat itu. Dana zakat harus dikumpulkan dan didistribusikan sesuai sasaran yang telah diketahui.yayasan yatim mandiri cabang kota kediri mempunyai program pada banyak aspek mulai dari pemberdayaan ekonomi, layanan kesehatan, pendidikan. Dan program kemanusiaan Yayasan Yatim Mandiri sebagai lembaga amil zakat yang fokus pada anak yatim. penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan yang rinci dan menyeluruh tentang realitas empiris yang sesuai dengan fenomena tersebut. Tidak hanya untuk mengungkapkan gejala secara keseluruhan dan dalam konteks. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wujud pemberdayaan anak yatim oleh yayasan yatim mandiri cabang kota kediri dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pendidikan kesehatan dan pengembangan usaha demi kesejahteraan anak yatim serta melalui pogram-program yang telah dimiliki oleh lembaga yatim mandiri dengan melalui proses pengumpulan zakat dan penayaluran dana zakat.
Tanggung Jawab Suami Dalam Membayar Zakat Fitrah Istri Dan Anak Dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam
Authors: Suriadish  , Suriansyah Eka , Norhadi Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Penelitian dilatarbelakangi adanya kasus pembayaran zakat fitrah yang dibayarkan oleh istri untuk diri dan anaknya dari harta pribadi. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui mengapa istri membayar zakat fitrah untuk diri dan anaknya dan mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan zakat fitrah yang dibayar oleh istri untuk diri dan anaknya menurut hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan socio legal. Hasil penelitian: (1) faktor yang melatarbelakangi pengabaian tanggung jawab zakat fitrah oleh suami dalam rumah tangga, di antaranya: Faktor kurangnya rasa tanggung jawab suami dalam pemenuhan nafkah dalam rumah tangga, faktor kurang baiknya komunikasi dalam rumah tangga, faktor kecemburuan sosial dalam rumah tangga, faktor kurangnya pemahaman agama suami dalam rumah tangga. (2) Tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap suami yang mengabaikan tanggung jawab pembayaran zakat fitrah istri dan anak, semua faktor yang menjadi alasan suami mengabaikan zakat fitrah keluarga dalam rumah tangga tidak dapat dibenarkan. Perihal tidak mampunya suami untuk memberikan biaya zakat fitrah karena faktor ekonomi menjadi sebuah pengecualian, karena tidak dibebankan kepada seseorang sebuah kewajiban melainkan atas kesanggupannya. Dalam hal istri membayar sendiri zakat fitrah untuk diri dan anak jika dilaksanakan dengan ikhlas maka hal tersebut merupakan sebuah kebaikan bagi diri dan anaknya.
COVID-19: Accrual Earnings Management Practices in Pharmaceutical Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Azizah Widyaningsih , Fredy Hotman , Zoebaedi Fathoni
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the supply chain of domestic pharmaceutical raw materials, where 95% of the fulfillment of raw materials relies on imports. Amid difficulties in meeting raw materials, the pharmaceutical sub-sector companies have become one of the sectors of choice for investors throughout 2020, in line with the sentiment of the COVID-19 pandemic. As one of the prima donnas’ sectors during pandemic, financial reports presented by pharmaceutical sector should report the actual condition of the company. This study aims to empirically examine the differences in accrual earnings management before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in pharmaceutical sub-sector companies in Indonesia. To evaluate changes in accrual earnings management in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, namely in 2019 and after the COVID-19 pandemic, namely in 2020, the Paired Sample T-test was used. The findings of this study show that there is no average difference between accrual earnings management before COVID-19 (Pre-test) and after COVID-19 (Post-test), indicating that COVID-19 has no impact on earnings management practices in the pharmaceutical sub-sector companies in Indonesia. The deteriorating global economic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic do not necessarily encourage managers to carry out aggressive earnings management. The pharmaceutical sub-sector companies that have become the center of attention of investors during this pandemic, as a result the company’s performance shown in the financial statements does not make managers aggressively try to manipulate their financial statements.
ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVE TAX RATE BASED ON IDX INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION (IDX-IC) FOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR 2019-2021
Authors: Marantika Arya , Martani Dwi
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research is to analyze related to the effective tax rate of companies for each classification sector based on the IDX-IC, to analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on corporate profits and tax burden, and to determine whether the factors used in this study have an influence on the effective tax rate of companies. A purposive sampling technique was used to determine the research sample, which consisted of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange classified based on the IDX-IC. The research approach used a mixed-methods approach. Based on the research, it was found that the average effective tax rate of the sample companies in 2019-2021 respectively, 26,87%, 24,51%, and 23,83%, with transportation and logistics sector have highest effective tax rate than other sectors. The COVID-19 pandemic has had varying impacts depending on the type of industry. Only the healthcare and infrastructure sector have performed better than other sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Apart from the COVID-19 pandemic variable, there are also group company variables used in researching the factors that affect the effective tax rate. Based on the research results, the COVID-19 pandemic variable has a positive effect on the effective tax rate. Meanwhile, group company variables have a negative effect on the effective tax rate. The influence of subsidiary company losses on consolidated profits causes the ratio of the effective tax rate to be smaller than the effective tax rate if it comes from the parent company.
Multivalent fucosides targeting β-propeller lectins
Authors:   , Duca Margherita
Published: March 2023

Fungal and bacterial pathogens causing lung infections often use lectins to mediate adhesion to glycoconjugates at the surface of host tissues. Given the rapid emergence of resistance to the treatments in current use, β-propeller lectins such as FleA from Aspergillus fumigatus, SapL1 from Scedosporium apiospermum, and BambL from Burkholderia ambifaria have become appealing targets for the design of anti-adhesive molecules. In search of novel and cheap anti-infectious agents, we synthesized multivalent compounds that can display up to 20 units of fucose, the natural ligand. We obtained nanomolar inhibitors that are several orders of magnitude stronger than their monovalent analogue according to several biophysical techniques (i.e., fluorescence polarization, isothermal titration calorimetry, and bio-layer interferometry). The reason for high affinity might be attributed to a strong aggregating mechanism, which was examined by analytical ultracentrifugation. Additional techniques in structural biology, such as X-ray crystallography and atomic force microscopy, were used to try and decipher the binding mode of the synthesized compounds towards their targets. Finally, the fucosylated inhibitors reduce the adhesion of A. fumigatus spores to lung epithelial cells when administered 1 h before or after the infection of human lung epithelial cells. For this reason, we propose them as promising anti-adhesive drugs for the prevention and treatment of aspergillosis and related microbial lung infections.
Rationale for Endobronchial Coil Treatment as the Primary Intervention for Patients with Severe Emphysema
Authors: Klose Hans , Achenbach H. Jost
Published: March 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic, progressive, and debilitating disease, particularly in its final stages. The National Emphysema Treatment Trial demonstrated that surgical removal of diseased portions of the emphysematous lung improved clinical and functional status of a subgroup of severe patients with upper-lobe predominant emphysema and low baseline exercise tolerance. However, questions about morbidity, mortality, and costs have all fuelled growing enthusiasm for endoscopic methods of achieving improved clinical outcomes in this poorly-served patient population. Among the various available methods, endobronchial coil therapy is a particularly promising technique that improves exercise capacity, pulmonary function, and quality of life in severe emphysema, with an acceptable safety profile and growing clinical evidence of sustained improvement. Notably, coil treatment appears effective in broader groups of patients than can be treated with other methods or surgery. Coil treatment as the preferred method for treating severe emphysema represents a welcome paradigm shift, given the known limitations of endobronchial valves and surgery. This review addresses the clinical data available to date and proposes an alternate framework for selecting and treating patients with endobronchial coils.
Bronchoscopic Nitinol Coil Implantation: A New Lung Volume Reduction Strategy in COPD
Authors: Kontogianni Konstantina , Eberhardt Ralf
Published: March 2023

Emphysema is a progressive, debilitating disease characterised by irreversible destruction of lung tissue. The gas trapping within the destroyed alveoli, and resultant hyperinflation, render conventional medical treatment generally of limited benefit, especially in the advanced stages of the disease. Utilisation of bronchoscopic techniques for achieving lung volume reduction has advanced over the past years. Amongst these, lung volume reduction using coils (LVRC) is a promising option. The LVRC are made from preformed Nitinol wire with shape memory. They are bronchoscopically delivered into the desired sub-segmental bronchus and recover to a pre-determined shape upon deployment. Published data so far, with endpoints being safety and feasibility, are promising. The procedure itself seems to be technically feasible and results in significant improvements in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life sustained during the follow-up period, and with an overall acceptable safety profile. Current ongoing studies further investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of LVRC. Future research is necessary in order to elucidate whether the patient selection criteria and methodology currently used are amenable to improvements, and to establish the duration of benefit and its cost-effectiveness when compared to optimal medical treatment, before applying this treatment into routine clinical practice.
Use of Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Husic Rusmir , Ficjan Anja , Duftner Christina , Dejaco Christian
Published: March 2023

Musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) is increasingly used as a bedside tool for diagnostic and monitoring purposes in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The sonographic differentiation between PsA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be challenging because the morphological appearance of synovitis is similar in both conditions. In contrast, perisynovial inflammation is a specific finding of early PsA, and enthesitis is more frequently detected in PsA than in RA. After initiation of effective therapies, a reduction of US signs of synovitis and enthesitis can be seen along with clinical improvement. A numeric US score for regular monitoring of disease activity and damage in PsA patients has not been established yet. While sonographic findings can be discordant from clinical results, their relevance is unclear, although it is a concern that ongoing subclinical inflammation results in worse structural outcomes. Ongoing studies address the value of sonography as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in PsA, and we expect that these results will emphasise the role of diagnostic US for the routine evaluation of PsA patients.
Extra-Articular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Now
Authors: Vela Paloma
Published: March 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, characterised by polyarthritis and extra-articular organ disease, including rheumatoid nodules, ophthalmologic manifestations, cardiopulmonary disease, vasculitis, neuropathy, glomerulonephritis, Felty’s syndrome, and amyloidosis. Extra-articular manifestations of RA (ExRA) occur in 17.8–40.9% of RA patients, 1.5–21.5% of them presenting as severe forms and usually associated with increased morbidity and mortality. They can develop at any time during the course of the disease, even in the early stages, and are associated with certain predisposing factors, such as the presence of rheumatoid factor, smoking, and long-standing severe disease. Rheumatoid nodules, the most common ExRA, have been found to be associated with the development of severe features, such as vasculitis, rheumatoid lung disease, pericarditis, and pleuritis, especially in those patients who develop them within 2 years from RA diagnosis. There is no uniformity in the definition of the term ExRA, which limits comparability between different studies. Several recent surveys suggest a lower frequency, probably due to a better control of disease activity. Diagnosis of ExRA is a challenge for clinicians, given its variable and complex presentation, and the lack of specific diagnostic tests; it must be based on clinical recognition and exclusion of other causes of the signs and symptoms. Furthermore, management continues to be difficult with a bad prognosis in many conditions. This article reviews the clinical aspects of major ExRA, focusing on incidence, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches, and how modern immunosuppressive therapy can change the outcome.
Why Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystals Should Be Targeted In the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Murphy Claire-Louise , McCarthy Geraldine M.
Published: March 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and results in significant social, psychological, and economic costs. It is characterised by progressive cartilage loss, bone remodelling, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation with resultant joint pain and disability. Since OA affects the entire joint, it is not surprising that there has been difficulty developing an effective targeted treatment. Treatments available for structural disease modification are limited. Current options appear to mostly reduce symptoms. Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals represent a potential therapeutic target in OA; they have been found in 100% of knee and hip cartilages removed at joint replacement. Intra-articular BCP crystals are associated with large joint effusions and dissolution of intra-articular structures, synovial proliferation, and marked degeneration as assessed by diagnostic imaging. While BCP deposition has been considered by many to be simply a consequence of advanced OA, there is substantial evidence to support BCP crystal deposition as an active pathogenic mediator of OA. BCP crystals exhibit a multiplicity of biologic effects in vitro including the ability to stimulate mitogenesis and prostaglandin, cytokine, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) synthesis in a number of cell types including macrophages, synovial fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. BCP crystals also contribute to inflammation in OA through direct interaction with the innate immune system. Intra-articular BCP crystals can elicit synovial inflammation and cartilage degradation in mice in vivo . Although intra-articular BCP crystals are difficult to detect at the bedside, advances in modern technology should allow improved identification and quantitation of BCP crystals. Our article focuses on why basic calcium crystals are important in the pathogenesis of OA. There is ample evidence that BCP crystals should be explored as a therapeutic target in OA.
Viral Proteins Mediate Upregulation of Negative Regulatory Factors Causing Down-Modulated Dendritic Cell Functions In Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Rana Deepa , Chawla Yogesh K , Duseja Anjay , Dhiman Radha K , Arora Sunil K
Published: March 2023

Stunted cellular immune response against a narrow range of epitopes is the hallmark of chronic hepatitis C infection, but the underneath molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. Suboptimal antigen presentation through defective antigen presenting cells, have been suggested. The myeloid dendritic cells as professional antigen presenting cells have been found to be phenotypically and functionally defective in chronic hepatitis C-infected patients in our recently published study. In order to find out if the maturation defects in dendritic cells (DC) are induced by the persistence of virus, we tried to differentiate CD14+ monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of a healthy volunteer in dendritic cell culture medium containing GM-CSF and IL-4 supplemented with hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins, core and NS5. The results indicated that a lesser number of monocytes differentiated to DC in presence of HCV proteins. Moreover, the differentiated cells depicted immature phenotype, which will not respond to the TLR-4 mediated stimulation ex vivo with significantly lesser upregulation of activation markers, HLA-DR, CD83, CD80 and CD86 as compared to cells differentiated in the absence of HCV proteins. Besides, these immature cells showed characteristics of defective antigen presentation, with significantly lower allostimulatory capacity towards lymphocytes from a healthy donor. Semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) showed upregulated expression of negative regulatory genes SOCS3, PDL1 and IDO in cells grown in presence of HCV proteins, suggesting the role of HCV and associated antigens in functional down- modulation of dendritic cells. This may correlate with the antigen persistence and maturation-defective status of dendritic cells in chronic HCV infection.
Female Sexual Dysfunctions and Urogynecological Disorders
Authors: Sacco Emillio , Tienforti Daniele
Published: March 2023

Female sexual dysfunctions are a highly prevalent and often-underestimated health problem and include disorders of sexual desire, arousal, orgasm and sexual pain, associated with self-distress. Pathophysiology of female sexual dysfunctions is complex and still poorly understood, although it has been related to several biological, medical and psychological factors. Amongst women, urogynecological disorders such as urinary incontinence, overactive bladder syndrome, bladder pain syndrome and pelvic organ prolapse, have been found to be associated with sexual dysfunctions, although the biological and psychological bases of these associations are poorly investigated. Data on sexual function impact of these conditions come from several cross-sectional or community-based, epidemiological studies based on self-administered validated psychometric tools. This review focuses on the most relevant available evidence on the impact of urogynecological disorders and related surgical treatments on female sexual function.
EVALUASI MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN TRANSPORTASI PENYEBERANGAN DANAU DI KABUPATEN TOBA PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Aruan Jhonatan Timoty b
Published: March 2023

Kabupaten Toba menjadikan transportasi penyeberangan danau menjadi salah satu kebutuhan masyarakat. Namun, pada akhir tahun 2018 masih terjadi kecelakaan kapal yang menimbulkan korban hingga 189 jiwa. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat berbagai hal yang perlu dievaluasi. Beberapa temuan penelitian yang didapat diantaranya sumber daya yang terbatas, masyarakat yang cenderung lebih mementingkan Break Even Point dibanding keselamatan, pelaksanaan keselamatan yang seadanya, rancang bangun kapal yang seadanya, yang memperbesar kemungkinan kapal yang dibangun tidak sesuai ketentuan. Tujuan pelaksanaan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis evaluasi manajemen keselamatan transportasi penyeberangan danau yang ditinjau dengan menggunakan teori evaluasi Scriven. Teknik penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif. Dalam mengumpulkan data-data menggunakan beberapa cara yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Manajemen keselamatan transportasi penyeberangan danau di Kabupaten Toba sudah cukup baikmelihat beberapa upaya yang telah dilakukan adalah sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, pemberian fasilitas keselamatan, dan penegakan aturan keselamatan secara persuasif.

Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Keselamatan, Transportasi, Penyeberangan Danau
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG KEAMANAN DAN KETERTIBAN UMUM OLEH SATUAN POLISI PAMONG PRAJA DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana , Arsyilaa Raaizza Inda Dzil
Published: March 2023

Salah satu masalah penertiban wanita penghibur di karaoke dan cafe yang dilakukan oleh aparat Satpol PP adalah pada pelaksanaan Razia di karaoke dan cafe di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat masih ditemukan pemilik cafe yang memiliki ruang tertutup dan menggunakan wanita penghibur. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 tentang Keamanan dan Ketertiban Umum oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dalam Penertiban Wanita Penghibur di Karaoke dan Cafe di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan induktif. Dalam pengumpulan data, penulis menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan dalam menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan penertiban yang dilakukan oleh Satpol PP selama ini diketahui sudah humanis dan kekeluargaan. Implikasinya, dapat mengurangi gesekan atau konflik yang kerap terjadi antara Satpol PP dan masyarakat saat penertiban dilakukan. Kesimpulannya Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 tentang Keamanan dan Ketertiban Umum oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dalam Penertiban Wanita Penghibur di Karaoke dan Cafe di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat masih kurang optimal karena beberapa aspek yaitu terdapat sumber daya yang kurang memadai terutama dari aspek kualitasnya, dan terdapat sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai terutama dari segi kuantitas.Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Keamanan Dan Ketertiban Umum, Penertiban.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN E-TILANG DALAM PENINDAKAN PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRESTABES SURABAYA
Authors: Nagendra Aldy Putu , Sushanty Vera Rimbawani
Published: March 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meneliti efektivitas penerapan e-tilang khususnya di wilayah hukum Polrestabes Surabaya sejak diberlakukannya sampai dengan tahun 2020 berdasarkan sumber bahan hukum primer Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas Dan Angkutan Jalan (“UU LLAJ”) serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 80 Tahun 2012 tentang Tata Cara Pemeriksaan Kendaraan Bermotor Di Jalan Dan Penindakan Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas Dan Angkutan Jalan (PP 80/2012), serta Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2016 Tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Perkara Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas dan peraturan pelaksana lainnya. Adapun fokus masalah ditujukan pada bagaimanakah penerapan sistem e-tilang dalam penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas dan efektivitas penerapan sistem e-tilang dalam pencegahan tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris melalui pengumpulan sumber data dan peraturan melalui wawancara dan kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan hasil penelitian. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan sistem e-tilang terhadap penyelesaian perkara pelanggaran lalu lintas di wilayah hukum Polresta Surabaya telah cukup efektif sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan dengan dilihat dari dampak turunnya jumlah pelanggaran lalu lintas selama tahun bersangkutan sebagaimana dalam periode penelitian yang dilakukan..

 

Kata Kunci: e-Tilang, Efektivitas, Polrestabes Surabaya.
PERAN SATUAN POLISI PAMONG PRAJA DALAM PENEGAKAN PERATURAN DAERAH DI KABUPATEN SUKABUMI
Authors: Junaedi Gatot Sambas
Published: March 2023

Tugas Satpol PP secara umum adalah sebagai Penegak Perda dan Perkada, Penyelenggara Trantibumtranmas, serta melaksanakan pelindungan masyarakat, namun realita yang terjadi di lapangan peran dari satpol pp tersebut belum diketahui secara luas oleh masyarakat secara umum. Sehubungan hal tersebut maka Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sedalam apa peran satpol pp kabupaten sukabumi dalam menegakan Perda dan Perkada serta dalam pelaksanaan trantibumtranmas. Methode  penelitian disini menggunakan methode penelitian kualitatif. Setiap Data     didapatkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur dengan Teknik analytical datanya yaitu pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, verifikasi dan kesimpulan data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Peran Satpol PP Kabupaten Sukabumi dalam melaksanaan tugas pokok dan fungsinya dalam rangka trantibumtranmas dan penegakan perda pun rutin dilaksanakan dengan terstruktur, sistemasis dan masif, dengan rincian giat diantaranya Pembinaan dan Penyuluhan Perda dan Perkada, Sidang Tipiring (Tindak Pidana Ringan) ditempat, Operasi Yustisi Penertiban Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL) dan Tertib Kebersihan, Operasi Penertiban IMB, Operasi Pekat, Operasi Tertib Spanduk, Operasi Minuman Keras, Patroli di Wilayah Rawan Pelanggaran, Patroli Kewilayahan Siskamling dll. Adapun kesimpulan terkait Peran Satpol PP berdasarkan Tupoksinya yaitu Penyelenggara Ketertiban Umun dan Ketentraman Masyarakat, Menegakan Perda dan Pelindung Masyarakat sudah dilaksanakan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja kabupaten Sukabumi sudah Cukup Baik dimana jumlah pelanggaran Perda dari tahun ke tahun menurun serta trantibumtranmas pun berjalan dengan kondusif diwilayah kabupaten sukabumi.

 

Kata Kunci: Peranan, Satuan Polisi Pamong Paraja, Penegakan Peraturan Daerah.
Green Synthesis Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe@AV NPs) Induce Developmental Toxicity and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Zebrafish Embryo-Larvae
Authors: KÖKTÜRK Mine , YİĞİT Aybek , SULUKAN Ekrem
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of nanoparticles and the usage areas of these nanoparticles show a rapid increase. In addition to the beneficial use of nanoparticles, their toxic effects cannot be ignored. In our study, iron oxide nanoparticle (Fe@AV NPs) (mean size: 20.852 nm) was synthesized from Aloe vera plant and the developmental toxicity of zebrafish was investigated. Zebrafish embryo-larvae were treated with different concentrations of Fe@AV NPs (1, 10, and 50 mg/L) starting at 4 hours after fertilization and continuing until 96 hours, and different developmental parameters (such as survival rate, hatchability rates, malformations, and behavior) were examined. In our study, it was determined that Fe@AV NPs caused developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos depending on the dose increase. More than 60% died at 96 hours, especially in the highest (50 mg/L) application group. It was observed that Fe@AV NPs decreased and delayed the success of exiting the chorion depending on the dose increase, and caused various morphological abnormalities (like pericardial edema, tail deformation, and scoliosis) in all application groups except the lowest application group (1 mg/L). While 10 mg/L Fe@AV NPs caused sleep-like behaviors during the daytime by decreasing the daytime motility of the larvae, it caused hyperactivity by increasing their nocturnal motility. The results of thigmotaxis, which is an anxiety parameter, were found to increase anxiety at 10 mg/L Fe@AV NPs exposure.Our findings showed that Fe@AV NPs synthesized from Aloe vera plant have in vivo toxicity and their use at concentrations lower than 1 mg/L can be safe in environmental and medical applications.
Sustainability Focused Maritime Studies Performed in Türkiye: A Literature Analysis
Authors: TEZCAN Özgür
Published: March 2023

Sustainability-related issues have started to occupy the maritime field as well as all other fields in recent years. As elements of huge trade and industrial activities, ports and ships require considering sustainable management and development. The maritime industry has started to take steps within the framework of this requirement. In addition, researchers have been showing interest in maritime sustainability in recent years and conducting studies. This study is a review of maritime sustainability studies conducted in Türkiye. The aim is to reflect what the researchers focus mostly on maritime sustainability, and present a comparison with global studies. The included 50 studies were examined via content analysis. The scope, sustainability dimension, and focused topics of the studies were revealed. The descriptives of the studies were given. As a result, it is found to be that port-related and environmental sustainability studies are more frequent, and sustainability criteria is the most used topic.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBASIS APLIKASI TRACKER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP FISIKA
Authors: Chandramidi Marina
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is expected to produce a learning model that is more in line with the needs of the Physics learning process. The type of research that will be used in this research is Research and Development. The model development process follows the Borg and Gall development model which consists of ten stages, namely research and data collection, planning, development of initial product drafts, initial field trials, revisions test results, main product field tests, product revisions, wide-scale field trials/feasibility tests, final product revisions, and finally the dissemination and implementation stages. Based on the results of the survey and student test scores, there was an increase in conceptual understanding of the free fall motion material using the PBL learning model based on the Tracker application. So it can be concluded that the PBL learning model based on the Tracker Application is able to improve understanding of Physics concepts in the free fall motion material.
E-BOOK SEBAGAI INOVASI DALAM PEMENUHAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DI ERA DIGITAL PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Afifah Raihani , Mulyani Petra Kristi
Published: March 2023

This article discusses an innovation of facilities and infrastructure to support the quality of education in Indonesia. Difficulties in the distribution and outreach of facilities and infrastructure such as textbooks to schools that are far from the center of government are also an obstacle. This causes the problem of uneven distribution of education in Indonesia. For this reason, innovation is needed so that students access the information they should get easily and affordable throughout the archipelago. The purpose of writing this article is to explain the effect of using technology media, namely electronic books or ebooks for schools. This research is a literature study. This article discusses the use of electronic books or ebooks as supporting educational facilities and infrastructure after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Patient-derived podocyte spheroids reveal new insights into the etiopathogenesis of Alport syndrome
Authors: Romero-Guevara Ricardo , Nicolaou Orthodoxia , Petracca Benedetta , Shaheed Sadr , Sutton Christopher , Frangou Eleni , Afami Marina , Kyriacou Kyriacos , Ioannides Adonis , Xinaris Christodoulos
Published: March 2023

Alport syndrome (AS) is a rare disease characterized by defective glomerular basement membranes, caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5, which synthesize collagen type IV. Patients present with progressive proteinuria, hematuria and podocyte loss. There is currently no cure for Alport syndrome, and this is mainly due to its complex and variable pathogenesis, as well as the lack of models that can faithfully mimic the human phenotype. Here we have developed a novel human culture model of Alport syndrome and used it to study the effects of different mutations on podocyte development and biology. First, we established a differentiation protocol that allowed us to generate podocyte spheroids from patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We have then carried out discovery proteomics and demonstrated that a total of 178 proteins were differentially expressed between Alport (AS1 and AS3) and control (LT) podocytes. GO analysis indicated alterations in several metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, RNA maturation, chromatin condensation, and proliferation. Although functional assays showed no changes in lactate production and mitochondrial potential compared to healthy controls, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy analysis showed key morphological changes related to the phenotypical maturation of Alport podocytes. Moreover, the studied mutations led to persistent proliferation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the concomitant expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ (PPARα and PPARγ) in podocytes. These data on patient-derived podocytes provide evidence that collagen mutations, in addition to playing a central role in the defective development of the glomerular filtration barrier, cause significant alterations in podocyte development and metabolism very early in development, even before the formation of the filtering apparatus. In conclusion, our study provides a new methodological platform for the differentiation of podocytes and to study human podocytopathies in a personalized manner, and reveals new insights into the etiopathogenesis and pathobiology of Alport syndrome.
Detection and identification of Mucorales and Aspergillus in paraffin-embedded samples by real-time quantitative PCR
Authors: Jiang Xiaolin , Jiang Yong , Ye Feng
Published: March 2023

Background

In this study, we used real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) to rapidly detect Mucorales and Aspergillus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, targeting 18SrRNA gene and 28SrRNA gene. Identification of Mucorales and Aspergillus was analysed by combining Mucorales RQ-PCR (Mucorales18SrRNA and Mucorales28SrRNA) with Aspergillus RQ-PCR (Aspergillus18SrRNA and Aspergillus28SrRNA).

Objectives

The aims of this study were to compare the diagnostic performances of four RQ-PCR assays as single and combined diagnostic and identification tools.

Methods

We collected 12 control group samples and 81 experimental group samples diagnosed by histopathology, including mucormycosis (19 patients, 21 FFPE samples), aspergillosis (54 patients, 57 FFPE samples) and mucormycosis with aspergillosis (3 patients, 3 FFPE samples). All samples were detected by four RQ-PCR tests to compare and analyze diagnostic performance.

Results

The sensitivities of Mucorales18SrRNA and Mucorales28SrRNA were both 75%, with the tests having specificities of 97.10% and 94.20%. The sensitivities of Aspergillus18SrRNA and Aspergillus28SrRNA were 73.33% and 65%, with the tests having specificities of 87.88% and 81.82%. The values of the evaluation indexes of the combined detection of Mucorales28SrRNA and Aspergillus18SrRNA (M28A18) were the highest with a kappa coefficient value of 0.353, followed by M18A18. M28A18 had a sensitivity of 67.90% and a specificity of 100%.

Conclusions

We recommend using the combination of Mucorales RQ-PCR and Aspergillus RQ-PCR as a screening tool to detect samples suspected of mucormycosis and/or aspergillosis.
BPOZ-2 is a negative regulator of the NLPR3 inflammasome contributing to SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammation
Authors: Li Jingfei , Lin Haotian , Fan Tinghui , Huang Linfei , Zhang Xinyong , Tai Yanhong , Fang Yi , Li Qihong , Zhao Ruzhou , Wang Penghao , Zhou Li , Wan Luming , Wu Yuhua , Zhong Hui , Wei Congwen , Yang Xiaopan
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Inflammation play important roles in the initiation and progression of acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, clotting dysfunction, or even death associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammation are still largely unknown.

Methods

The animal model of septic shock and ALI was established after LPS intraperitoneal injection or intratracheal instillation. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT and BPOZ-2 KO mouse strains were harvested from the femurs and tibias of mice. Immunohistology staining, ELISA assay, coimmunoprecipitation, and immunoblot analysis were used to detect the histopathological changes of lung tissues and the expression of inflammatory factors and protein interaction.

Results and conclusions

We show a distinct mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 N (SARS-2-N) protein targets Bood POZ-containing gene type 2 (BPOZ-2), a scaffold protein for the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cullin 3 that we identified as a negative regulator of inflammatory responses, to promote NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We first demonstrated that BPOZ-2 knockout (BPOZ-2 KO) mice were more susceptible to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock and ALI and showed increased serum IL-1β levels. In addition, BMDMs isolated from BPOZ-2 KO mice showed increased IL-1β production in response to NLRP3 stimuli. Mechanistically, BPOZ-2 interacted with NLRP3 and mediated its degradation by recruiting Cullin 3. In particular, the expression of BPOZ-2 was significantly reduced in lung tissues from mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 and in cells overexpressing SARS-2-N. Importantly, proinflammatory responses triggered by the SARS-2-N were significantly blocked by BPOZ-2 reintroduction. Thus, we concluded that BPOZ-2 is a negative regulator of the NLPR3 inflammasome that likely contributes to SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammation.
Pestiviruses infection: Interferon-virus mutual regulation
Authors: Hong Tianqi , Yang Yi , Wang Pengzhi , Zhu Guoqiang , Zhu Congrui
Published: March 2023

Pestiviruses are a class of viruses that in some cases can cause persistent infection of the host, thus posing a threat to the livestock industry. Interferons (IFNs) are a group of secreted proteins that play a crucial role in antiviral defense. In this review, on the one hand, we elaborate on how pestiviruses are recognized by the host retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), melanoma-differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) proteins to induce the synthesis of IFNs. On the other hand, we focus on reviewing how pestiviruses antagonize the production of IFNs utilizing various strategies mediated by self-encoded proteins, such as the structural envelope protein (Erns) and non-structural protein (Npro). Hence, the IFN signal transduction pathway induced by pestiviruses infection and the process of pestiviruses blockade on the production of IFNs intertwines into an intricate regulatory network. By reviewing the interaction between IFN and pestiviruses (based on studies on BVDV and CSFV), we expect to provide a theoretical basis and reference for a better understanding of the mechanisms of induction and evasion of the innate immune response during infection with these viruses.
Obesity, malnutrition, and the prevalence and outcome of hypertension: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Zhang Heng-Zhi , Wang Yi-Han , Ge Ying-Lin , Wang Shu-Yu , Sun Jin-Yu , Chen Lu-Lu , Su Shuang , Sun Ying
Published: March 2023

Background

Nutritionally unhealthy obesity is a newly introduced phenotype characterized by a combined condition of malnutrition and obesity. This study aims to explore the combined influence of obesity and nutritional status on the prevalence and outcome of hypertension.

Methods

Participants collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database were divided into four subgroups according to their obesity and nutritional conditions, as defined by waist circumference and serum albumin concentration. The lean-well-nourished was set as the reference group. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the hypertension risk. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the survival curve and outcome risk of participants with hypertension.

Results

A total of 28,554 participants with 10,625 hypertension patients were included in the analysis. The lean-malnourished group showed a lower hypertension risk (odds ratio [OR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–0.94), while the obese-well-nourished condition elevated the risk (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.3–1.67). Two malnourished groups had higher mortality risks (HR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12–1.80 and HR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.03–1.69 for the lean and obese, respectively) than the reference group. The outcome risk of the obese-well-nourished group (HR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.76–1.36) was similar to the lean-well-nourished.

Conclusion

Malnutrition was associated with a lower risk of developing hypertension in both lean and obese participants, but it was associated with a worse outcome once the hypertension is present. The lean-malnourished hypertension patients had the highest all-cause mortality risk followed by the obese-malnourished. The obese-well-nourished hypertension patients showed a similar mortality risk to the lean-well-nourished hypertension patients.
Transport of melt, pressure and heat through a magma mush
Authors: Liao Yang
Published: March 2023

Prior to intrusion, magma migrates through the crustal plumbing system that likely contains layers or columns of crystal mush. To better understand the behavior of the crustal magmatic system during magmatic unrest, it is important to examine the process of melt migration within the crystal mush and the associated evolution in pressure and temperature. In this study I use an analytical model to explore the characteristics of transport of melt, pressure, and heat through an idealized crystal mush layer/column under uniaxial strain condition. The model invokes a thermo-poro-viscoelastic rheology and uses a frequency-domain method to explore two scenarios of magmatic unrest: harmonic perturbation of fluid pressure, and step-rise in fluid pressure at a source location. Several factors influence the transport of melt, pressure and heat, including the thermal-mechanical coupling arising from the mush rheology, the advection of heat by melt flows, the competition between thermal diffusivity and poroelastic diffusivity, and the viscoelastic relaxation of the crystalline framework. One key finding is the development of transport asymmetry: when a background temperature gradient exists, the transport properties become different for propagation along the background thermal gradient and propagation against the background thermal gradient. Analysis on an endmember case shows that the transport asymmetry is associated to the competition between the diffusion and advection of pore pressure, which determines a Peclet number that depends on the temperature difference across the mush and the thermal expansion coefficients. Because the temperature in magma mushes in the crust likely increase with depth, the observed propagation asymmetry suggests some intrinsic difference between a bottom-up vs. a top-down triggering mechanism for magmatic unrest. The results from this study highlight the importance for further exploration for a more complete description of the transport properties in the crystal mush.
Characteristics and formation mechanism of Carbonate buried hill fractured-dissolved reservoirs in Bohai Sea, Bohai Bay basin, China
Authors: Huang Zhi , Yang Haifeng , Ye Tao , Deng Hui , Guo Jingzhen , Liang Shuyi , Xiao Shuguang , Ma Cunfei
Published: March 2023

Carbonate buried hill madeexploration breakthroughs recently in the offshore Bohai Bay Basin, China, but the plane distribution of the buried hill reservoirs are unclear due to the highly heterogeneous. Taking the CFD2 oilfield as an example, based on core, thin section, seismic, and well logging data, the characteristics of Carbonate buried hill reservoirs in the study area were clarified, the formation mechanism of the reservoirs was discussed, and the development model of the reservoir was established. The results show that the reservoirs are mainly fractured-dissolved reservoirs, and the formation of the reservoirs is mainly related to structural fractures and fluid dissolution along the fractures. The NWW-trending structural fractures were formed under the control of the Indosinian compression, and the NEE-trending structural fractures were formed under the control of the Yanshanian strike-slip transpression. Dolomite is more brittle than limestone and is the main lithology for forming effective fractures. Structural fractures provide favorable channels for atmospheric water dissolution. The C and O isotope values reveal that at least two stages of dissolution have occurred in the study area which are supergene karstification and burial karstification. A model of the fractured-dissolved reservoir under the control of “structure-lithology-fluid” was established. This model highlights that the structural fractures formed by tectonic activities are crucial to reservoir development, and lithology is the internal factor controlling reservoir distribution. Dolomite exhibits the compressive strength of only half of the limestone, and it is the dominant lithology for reservoir development. The dissolution of atmospheric water in the two stages along the fractures greatly improved the physical properties of the reservoirs, and it is the guarantee for the development of effective reservoirs.