bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pareto Optimal Solution Visualization Method Using an Improved Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Maps Based on the Batch Learning
Authors: Suzuki Naoto ,   Chiba University, Okamoto Takashi , Koakutsu Seiichi
Published: September 2016

In the multi-objective optimization problem that appears naturally in the decision making process for the complex system, the visualization of the innumerable solutions called Pareto optimal solutions is an important issue. This paper focuses on the Pareto optimal solution visualization method using the growing hierarchical self-organizing maps (GHSOM) which is one of promising visualization methods. This method has a superior Pareto optimal solution representation capability, compared to the visualization method using the self-organizing maps. However, this method has some shortcomings. This paper proposes a new Pareto optimal solution visualization method using an improved GHSOM based on the batch learning. In the proposed method, the batch learning algorithm is introduced to the GHSOM to obtain a consistent visualization maps for a Pareto optimal solution set. Then, the symmetric transformation of maps is introduced in the growing process in the batch learning GHSOM algorithm to improve readability of the maps. Furthermore, the learning parameter optimization is introduced. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through numerical experiments with comparing the proposed method to the conventional methods on the Pareto optimal solution representation capability and the readability of the visualization maps.
Evolution of Modular Networks Under Selection for Non-Linearly Denoising
Authors: Ikemoto Yusuke ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Meijo University, Sekiyama Kosuke ,   Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University
Published: September 2016

Many biological and artifact networks often represent modular structures in which the network can be decomposed into several subnetworks. Here, we propose a simple model for the modular network evolution based on the nonlinear denoising in node activities. This model suggests that modular networks can evolve under certain conditions — if the stipulated goals for the networks or the input and target output pairs involve modular features, or if the signal transfer in a node is carried out in a nonlinear manner with respect to the saturation at the upper and lower bounds. Our model highlights the positive role played by noise in modular network evolution.
Rough-Set-Based Interrelationship Mining for Incomplete Decision Tables
Authors: Kudo Yasuo ,   College of Information and Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Murai Tetsuya ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, Chitose Institute of Science and Technology
Published: September 2016

Rough-set-based interrelationship mining enables to extract characteristics by comparing the values of the same object between different attributes. To apply this interrelationship mining to incomplete decision tables with null values, in this study, we discuss the treatment of null values in interrelationships between attributes. We introduce three types of null values for interrelated condition attributes and formulate a similarity relation by such attributes with these null values.
Neural Approach to Predict Flow Discharge in River Chenab Pakistan
Authors: Saba Tanzila ,   College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University
Published: September 2016

River water flow forecast in general and particularly in floods is of worth importance for monitoring operations of floods in canals and rivers. Floods in rivers bring destructions to road, houses, crops and causes human dislocation. The River Chenab is one of the largest rivers in Pakistan and has a historical recording of heavy floods. Prior to heavy floods, in time warning is mandatory to save lives and property. Accordingly, this paper presents an intelligent model to predict an advance alarming water flow from Chenab River. Standard learning algorithm is applied to train the ANN for this task. Inputs to the neural network are taken from the daily discharge values and the output layer composed of four neurons to represent number of predicted days. Moreover, trial and error approach is adopted to select appropriate number of inputs for time-series data. Two different architecture (single and double hidden layers) of neural network are evaluated and compared to find the most suitable one. Additionally, two activation functions are tested. The results thus achieved reveal well in time warning to the surroundings to secure flood victims. However, during low discharge, neural network miscalculated.
Real-Time 3D Visualization and Navigation Using Fiber-Based Endoscopic System for Arthroscopic Surgery
Authors: Long Zhongjie ,   Department of Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems, University of Fukui, Nagamune Kouki , Kuroda Ryosuke , Kurosaka Masahiro ,   Beijing Information Science and Technology University,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University
Published: September 2016

Three-dimensional (3D) navigation using a computer-assisted technique is being increasingly performed in minimally invasive surgical procedures because it can provide stereoscopic information regarding the operating field to the surgeon. In this paper, the development of a real-time arthroscopic system utilizing an endoscopic camera and optical fiber to navigate a normal vector for a reconstructed knee joint surface is described. A specific navigation approach suitable for use in a rendered surface was presented in extenso. A small-sized endoscopic tube was utilized arthroscopically on a cadaveric knee joint to show the potential application of the developed system. Experimental results of underwater navigation on a synthetic knee joint showed that our system allows for a higher accuracy than a freehand technique. The mean angle of navigation for the proposed technique is 9.5circ (range, 5circ to 17circ; SD, 2.86circ) versus 14.8circ (range, 6circ to 26circ; SD, 7.53circ) and 12.6circ (range, 4circ to 17circ; SD, 3.98circ) for two sites using a freehand technique.
Evaluation of an OpenCL-Based FPGA Platform for Particle Filter
Authors: Tatsumi Shunsuke ,   Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Hariyama Masanori , Ikoma Norikazu ,   Faculty of Engineering, Nippon Institute of Technology
Published: September 2016

Particle filter is one promising method to estimate the internal states in dynamical systems, and can be used for various applications such as visual tracking and mobile-robot localization. The major drawback of particle filter is its large computational amount, which causes long computational-time and large power-consumption. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform for particle filter. The platform is designed using the OpenCL-based design tool that allows users to develop using a high-level programming language based on C and to change designs easily for various applications. The implementation results demonstrate the proposed FPGA implementation is 106 times faster than the CPU one, and the power-delay product of the FPGA implementation is 1.1% of the CPU one. Moreover, implementations for three different systems are shown to demonstrate flexibility of the proposed platform.
Chinese Person Name Disambiguation Based on Two-Stage Clustering
Authors: Zhou Jie ,   Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Li Bicheng , Tang Yongwang ,   Computer Science and Technology Institute, Huaqiao University
Published: September 2016

Person name clustering disambiguation is the process that partitions name mentions according to corresponding target person entities in reality. The existed methods can not realize effective identification of important features to disambiguate person names. This paper presents a method of Chinese person name disambiguation based on two-stage clustering. This method adopts a stage-by-stage processing model to identify and utilize different types of important features. Firstly, we extract three kinds of core evidences namely direct social relation, indirect social relation and common description prefix, recognize document-pairs referring to the same person entity, and realize initial clustering of person names with high precision. Then, we take the result of initial clustering as new initial input, utilize the statistical properties of multi-documents to recognize and evaluate important features, and build a double-vector representation of clusters (cluster feature vector and important feature vector). Based on the processes above, the final clustering of person names is generated, and the recall of clustering is improved effectively. The experiments have been conducted on the dataset of CLP2010 Chinese person names disambiguation, and experimental results show that this method has good performance in person name clustering disambiguation.
An Interpretability-Accuracy Tradeoff in Learning Parameters of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems
Authors: Wang Yanni ,   School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Dai Yaping , Chen Yu-Wang , Pedrycz Witold ,   Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester,   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta,   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2016

Parameter learning of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems (IFRBSs) is discussed and applied to medical diagnosis with intent of establishing a sound tradeoff between interpretability and accuracy. This study aims to improve the accuracy of IFRBSs without sacrificing its interpretability. This paper proposes an Objective Programming Method with an Interpretability-Accuracy tradeoff (OPMIA) to learn the parameters of IFRBSs by tuning the types of membership and non-membership functions and by adjusting adaptive factors and rule weights. The proposed method has been validated in the context of a medical diagnosis problem and a well-known publicly available auto-mpg data set. Furthermore, the proposed method is compared to Objective Programming Method not considering the interpretability (OPMNI) and Objective Programming Method based on Similarity Measure (OPMSM). The OPMIA helps achieve a sound a tradeoff between accuracy and interpretability and demonstrates its advantages over the other two methods.
Evolution Strategy Sampling Consensus for Robust Estimator
Authors: Toda Yuichiro ,   Tokyo Metropolitan University, Kubota Naoyuki
Published: September 2016

RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) has been applied to many 3D image processing problems such as homography matrix estimation problems and shape detection from 3D point clouds, and is one of the most popular robust estimator methods. However, RANSAC has a problem related to the trade-off between computational cost and stability of search because RANSAC is based on random sampling. Genetic Algorithm SAmple Consensus (GASAC) based on a population-based multi-point search was proposed in order to improve RANSAC. GASAC can improve the performance of search. However, it is sometimes difficult to maintain the genetic diversity in the search if the large size of outliers is included in a data set. Furthermore, a computational time of GASAC sometimes is slower than that of RANSAC because of calculation of the genetic operators. This paper proposes Evolution Strategy SAmple Consensus (ESSAC) as a new robust estimator. ESSAC is based on Evolution Strategy in order to maintain the genetic diversity. In ESSAC, we apply two heuristic searches to ESSAC. One is a search range control, the other is adaptive/self-adaptive mutation. By applying these heuristic searches, the trade-off between computational speed and search stability can be improved. Finally, this paper shows several experimental results in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Proposed Traffic Light Control Mechanism Based on Multi-Agent Coordination
Authors: Kurihara Satoshi ,   The University of Electro-Communications, Ogawa Ryo , Shinoda Kosuke , Suwa Hirohiko ,   Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
Published: September 2016

Traffic congestion is a serious problem for people living in urban areas, causing social problems such as time loss, economical loss, and environmental pollution. Therefore, we propose a multi-agent-based traffic light control framework for intelligent transport systems. Achieving consistent traffic flow necessitates the real-time adaptive coordination of traffic lights; however, many conventional approaches are of the centralized control type and do not have this feature. Our multi-agent-based control framework combines both indirect and direct coordination. Reaction to dynamic traffic flow is attained by indirect coordination, whereas green-wave formation, which is a systematic traffic flow control strategy involving several traffic lights, is attained by direct coordination. We present the detailed mechanism of our framework and verify its effectiveness using simulation to carry out a comparative evaluation.
Method for Combining Paraconsistency and Probability in Temporal Reasoning
Authors: Kamide Norihiro ,   Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Information and Electronic Engineering, Teikyo University, Koizumi Daiki ,   Faculty of Commerce, Department of Information and Management Science, Otaru University of Commerce
Published: September 2016

Computation tree logic (CTL) is known to be one of the most useful temporal logics for verifying concurrent systems by model checking technologies. However, CTL is not sufficient for handling inconsistency-tolerant and probabilistic accounts of concurrent systems. In this paper, a paraconsistent (or inconsistency-tolerant) probabilistic computation tree logic (PpCTL) is derived from an existing probabilistic computation tree logic (pCTL) by adding a paraconsistent negation connective. A theorem for embedding PpCTL into pCTL is proven, thereby indicating that we can reuse existing pCTL-based model checking algorithms. A relative decidability theorem for PpCTL, wherein the decidability of pCTL implies that of PpCTL, is proven using this embedding theorem. Some illustrative examples involving the use of PpCTL are also presented.
A DISTINÇÃO CONTÁVEL-MASSIVO EM WAPIXANA: APARENTE DESAFIO TIPOLÓGICO
Authors: Sanchez-Mendes Luciana
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o papel da distinção contável-massivo na língua Wapixana (Aruák, Brasil). À primeira vista, os dados dessa língua apresentam um desafio tipológico no que diz respeito à distribuição de classificadores numerais e marcas de número. A tese central defendida neste trabalho é a de que esse desafio é apenas aparente, uma vez que Wapixana não parece exigir obrigatoriamente morfemas nominais de número e os ditos classificadores numerais são, na verdade, termos de classe.
LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA E A DISCURSIVIDADE DA INCLUSÃO DIGITAL
Authors: Dos Santos Cristiane Pereira , Di Renzo Ana Maria
Published: September 2016

Este artigo busca compreender, pelos fios do discurso do governo federal, os sentidos constituídos sobre a inserção das novas tecnologias digitais nas escolas públicas brasileiras a partir do Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional – ProInfo e seus efeitos nas práticas de ensino de língua portuguesa. Teoricamente, este estudo filia-se à Análise de Discurso de linha materialista em articulação com a história das Ideias Linguísticas (HIL). O funcionamento discursivo do jogo político-econômico revelou, a partir de nossas análises, que as políticas de inclusão de tecnologias nas escolas trabalham com a ilusão de igualdade entre sujeitos, quer seja pela inclusão digital, quer seja pela inclusão social. Nesse jogo de sentidos, nosso olhar, neste trabalho, direcionou-se para as políticas de língua que estão em circulação nas escolas públicas, a partir de uma análise discursiva sobre os instrumentais linguísticos em circulação em escolas públicas do Estado de Mato Grosso.
PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUA INGLESA SOBRE OS USOS DA TECNOLOGIA E DA INTERNET NA APRENDIZAGEM DE LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA
Authors: Grégis Rosi Ana
Published: September 2016

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é discutir as percepções de professores de inglês como língua estrangeira acerca de como a internet e as novas tecnologias têm influenciado na aprendizagem de línguas, tanto em sala de aula como em ambientes informais. Autores como ZHAO (2005), LAI (2005) e STANLEY (2012) percebem que o uso de blogs, chats, tweeter, e-mails, sites e vídeos da internet, entre outros, podem contribuir para uma aprendizagem mais eficaz da língua inglesa. Portanto não é surpresa observar que, nesta pesquisa, a maioria dos professores de inglês entrevistados acredita que as novas tecnologias podem mudar a maneira como se aprende e se ensina línguas estrangeiras.
Practical Considerations When Reservoir Boundaries Are Encountered During Well Testing
Authors: Moser H.
Published: September 2016

Semi-log type curve matching applied on drawdown, desuperposed drawdown, Miller-Dyes and Hutchinson and Matthews-Brons and Hazebroek plots can determine drainage shape and the outer boundary conditions of a well. Since only a single set of type curves for a particular drainage shape/outer boundary condition is necessary, the selection of a proper well test model is straight forward.

Additionally, the porosity-compressibility-area product and the skin effect can be estimated by a semi-log type curve match. Furthermore, a generalized form of desuperposition has been applied when the duration of the buildup is a multiple of the drawdown period. This method eliminates the use of all drawdown pressures except at the moment of shut-in. Therefore, variable skin effect during drawdown (e.g. cleanup) can be analyzed.
Near-Wellbore and Reservoir Effects in In-Situ Combustion
Authors: Chavez Mario-Luis Rodriguez , Glatz Guenther , Clemens Torsten , Kovscek Anthony
Published: September 2016

To operate fields under in-situ combustion (ISC), the near-wellbore dynamics and far-field conditions have to be considered. In the near-wellbore region of vertical injection wells, the flow advancement of the combustion front is characterized by high velocities. Farther away from the injection wells, the advancement rate of the combustion front is much smaller. For a line-drive configuration, the advancement of the front slows down from several meters per day near the wellbore to several centimeters per day in the far-field region.

To investigate the effects in the near-wellbore region and far-field conditions, laboratory experiments and simulations were performed and compared with the behavior of a Central European field produced by using ISC.

The laboratory experiments covered the kinetics in the near-wellbore region as well as the far-field region by applying various heating rates and by preheating a kinetic cell before injecting air. The dynamic effects were investigated with a combustion tube. Mechanistic numerical simulation was based on the kinetics derived from the kinetic-cell experiments and applied to the combustion tube. The same set of conditions was then used to simulate the near-wellbore conditions in the Central European field and far-field conditions.

The results show that, in the near-wellbore region, the advancement of the combustion front is fast compared with heat conduction ahead of the front. Hence, low-temperature-oxidation (LTO) reactions and high-temperature-oxidation (HTO) reactions, as derived from the kinetic-cell experiments, are occurring in different distances from the injection well. In the far field, heat conduction ahead of the front and the flow of hot combustion gases preheat the reservoir before oxygen arriving at the combustion front. For these conditions, LTO and HTO reactions are occurring at the same location.

In the Central European field produced with ISC, the various operating conditions are shown at an example well. Four different phases of production can be seen: (1) oil production with cyclic steam stimulation (CSS), (2) shut-in of the well to stabilize the combustion front that is approaching, (3) oil-production response of the combustion front, and (4) conversion of the well for air injection. The air-injection rate is slowly increased to avoid too-high temperatures in the early-injection phase (faster advancement of the heat front than heat conduction). The distance of the wells is approximately 70 m to allow sufficient oil recovery per well and speed of the combustion front.
Transient Response in Arbitrary-Shaped Composite Reservoirs
Authors: Idorenyin Etim H. , Shirif Ezeddin E.
Published: September 2016

Use of regular-shaped analytical models to history match geometrically complex reservoirs may provide misleading results, especially in situations where the transients are in the transition regime. In this regime, the transients are somewhere between infinite-acting and fully boundary-dominated flows. This means that some, but not all, of the reservoir boundaries influence flow dynamics. As a result, analytical models are unable to accurately capture the effects of the geometrically complex reservoir boundaries; the more irregular the reservoir or drainage area geometry is, the greater its influence on well performance, and, therefore, the greater the deviation of analytical models from field behavior. The boundary element method (BEM) has been used to model arbitrary-shaped reservoirs; its input data requirement is similar to that of analytical models. In this paper, we present the Laplace-transform BEM formulation within a framework that lends itself to developing the solution for arbitrary-shaped and/or composite reservoirs of increased complexity than is currently available in literature, thus eliminating the need for first-principle derivations. The focus here is on two-dimensional flow of a slightly compressible fluid. Our formulation is not only useful for investigating the influence of complex reservoir geometries on well performance, but also for history matching and forecasting multiwell performance, for studying the effect of large-scale reservoir heterogeneities, and for simulating mixed reservoir boundary conditions (including no-flow and constant-pressure boundaries). It permits modeling different well completion types, including hydraulically fractured vertical wells and multiply-fractured horizontal wells. In addition to modeling the response of rate-controlled wells, we also provide solution for pressure-controlled wells.
A Practical Methodology For Integration of 4D Seismic in Steam-Assisted-Gravity-Drainage Reservoir Characterization
Authors: Hadavand Mostafa , Deutsch Clayton V.
Published: September 2016

4D seismic is a dynamic source of data that provides information about changes in reservoir-rock and -fluid properties over time. Seismic attributes are sensitive to variations in the fluid content, temperature, and pressure distribution; therefore, 4D-seismic images contain information on the nature of fluid flow within the reservoir. Perhaps the most-reliable and -important information that can be learned from 4D-seismic images is related to anomalies in fluid flow within the reservoir. During steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), the steam-chamber propagation is fairly clear from 4D-seismic images, mainly because of higher gas saturation in the chamber. Therefore, anomalies are revealed by the absence or unexpected location of the steam chamber. In this paper, a practical methodology is proposed for consideration of anomalies identified from 4D-seismic images in geostatistical reservoir models. The geostatistical realizations are updated to enforce missing anomalies and improve reservoir characterization. The updated models are suitable for reservoir decision making and management.
Assessment of future climate change impacts on the hydrological regime of selected Greek areas with different climate conditions
Authors: Paparrizos Spyridon , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: September 2016

Assessment of future variations of streamflow is essential for research regarding climate and climate change. This study is focused on three agricultural areas widespread in Greece and aims to assess the future response of annual and seasonal streamflow and its impacts on the hydrological regime, in combination with other fundamental aspects of the hydrological cycle in areas with different climate classification. ArcSWAT ArcGIS extension was used to simulate the future responses of streamflow. Future meteorological data were obtained from various regional climate models, and analysed for the periods 2021–2050 and 2071–2100. In all the examined areas, streamflow is expected to be reduced. Areas characterized by continental climate will face minor reductions by the mid-century that will become very intense by the end and thus these areas will become more resistant to future changes. Autumn season will face the strongest reductions. Areas characterized by Mediterranean conditions will be very vulnerable in terms of future climate change and winter runoff will face the most significant decreases. Reduced precipitation is the main reason for decreased streamflow. High values of actual evapotranspiration by the end of the century will act as an inhibitor towards reduced runoff and partly counterbalance the water losses.
Drinking water quality control: control charts for turbidity and pH
Authors: Elevli Sermin , Uzgören Nevin , Bingöl Deniz , Elevli Birol
Published: September 2016

Water treatment processes are required to be in statistical control and capable of meeting drinking water specifications. Control charts are used to monitor the stability of quality parameters by distinguishing the in-control and out-of-control states. The basic assumption in standard applications of control charts is that observed data from the process are independent and identically distributed. However, the independence assumption is often violated in chemical processes such as water treatment. Autocorrelation, a measure of dependency, is a correlation between members of a series arranged in time. The residuals obtained from an autoregressive integrated moving averages (ARIMA) time series model plotted on a standard control chart is used to overcome the misleading of standard control charts in the case of autocorrelation. In this study, a special cause control (SCC) chart, also called a chart of residuals from the fitted ARIMA model, has been used for turbidity and pH data from a drinking water treatment plant in Samsun, Turkey. ARIMA (3,1,0) for turbidity and ARIMA (1,1,1) for pH were determined as the best time series models to remove autocorrelation. The results showed that the SCC chart is more appropriate for autocorrelated data to evaluate the stability of the water treatment process, since it provides a higher probability of coverage than an individual control chart.
Effect of filter media thickness on the performance of sand drying beds used for faecal sludge management
Authors: Manga M. , Evans B. E. , Camargo-Valero M. A. , Horan N. J.
Published: September 2016

The effect of sand filter media thickness on the performance of faecal sludge (FS) drying beds was determined in terms of: dewatering time, contaminant load removal efficiency, solids generation rate, nutrient content and helminth eggs viability in the dried sludge. A mixture of ventilated improved pit latrine sludge and septage in the ratio 1:2 was dewatered using three pilot-scale sludge drying beds with sand media thicknesses of 150, 250 and 350 mm. Five dewatering cycles were conducted and monitored for each drying bed. Although the 150 mm filter had the shortest average dewatering time of 3.65 days followed by 250 mm and 350 mm filters with 3.83 and 4.02 days, respectively, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) attributable to filter media thickness configurations. However, there was a significant difference for the percolate contaminant loads in the removal and recovery efficiency of suspended solids, total solids, total volatile solids, nitrogen species, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand, with the highest removal efficiency for each parameter achieved by the 350 mm filter. There were also significant differences in the nutrient content (NPK) and helminth eggs viability of the solids generated by the tested filters. Filtering media configurations similar to 350 mm have the greatest potential for optimising nutrient recovery from FS.
Poly(sodium methacrylate)/eggshell particles hydrogel composites as dye sorbent
Authors: Darvishi Atefeh , Bakhshi Hadi
Published: September 2016

Eggshell (ES) particles as an available and low-cost waste material were utilized to prepare novel hydrogel composites for dye adsorbing application. For this purpose, solution polymerization of sodium methacrylate was carried out in the presence of ES particles with various size ranges. Results showed that incorporation of ES particles resulted in heterogeneous pores and cavities in the structure of the poly(sodium methacrylate) (PNaMA) matrix. Hydrogel composites with lower content (20 wt%) and smaller size (<75 μm) of ES particles presented higher water absorption capacity. The equilibrium water absorption values in distilled water were higher than phosphate buffered saline medium. ES particles showed low methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) adsorption capacities due to electrostatic repulsion of the positively charged species on the surface of ES particles and dye molecules. In contrast, hydrogel composites depicted fast and considerable dye adsorbability. The combination of 60 wt% ES particles within PNaMA provided a cost-effective adsorbent with similar CV adsorption capacity compared with the unfilled matrix, while MB removal was slightly decreased. The dye adsorption by either ES particles or hydrogel composites followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating that chemical sorption is the rate-limiting step for both of them.
Lower Limbs Alignment in Patients with a Unilateral Completely Dislocated Hip
Authors: Someya Shinsuke , Sonohata Motoki , Ide Shuya , Nagamine Satomi , Tajima Tomonori , Mawatari Masaaki
Published: September 2016

Background:

Severe hip osteoarthritis is known to lead to secondary osteoarthritis of the knee joint. It is not clear whether contracture or a leg length discrepancy is more important in determining the knee alignment.

Methods:

In this study, 48 hips in 48 patients with a unilateral completely dislocated hip (Crowe IV) were recruited. The patients were divided into two groups (Crowe IVa and IVb). The Crowe IVa group had completely dislocation with psudo-articulation, and the Crowe IVb group had completely dislocation without psudo-articulation. The lower limb alignment was divided into three patterns according to the femorotibial angle; varus (≥176 degrees), neutral(170 to 175 degrees) and valgus(≤169 degrees).

Results:

The combination of valgus alignment on the affected side and varus alignment on the unaffected side, so-called “windswept deformity” was observed in 12.5% of the patients; this included 18.2% and 7.7%, in the Crowe IVa and Crowe IVb groups, respectively. The valgus alignment on the unaffected side, namely “long leg arthropathy,” was found to have occurred in 6.3% of the patients, including 13.6% of the patients in the Crowe IVa group; there were no cases of long “leg arthropathy” in the Crowe IVb group.

Conclusion:

The lower limb alignment on the unaffected side had a tendency to be varus in the Crowe IV patients. The “windswept deformity” was observed in each of the groups; however, “long leg arthropathy” was only found in the Crowe IVa group.
Psychophysical and Patient Factors as Determinants of Pain, Function and Health Status in Shoulder Disorders
Authors: Uddin Zakir , MacDermid Joy C. , Moro Jaydeep , Galea Victoria , Gross Anita R.
Published: September 2016

Objective:

To estimate the extent to which psychophysical quantitative sensory test (QST) and patient factors (gender, age and comorbidity) predict pain, function and health status in people with shoulder disorders. To determine if there are gender differences for QST measures in current perception threshold (CPT), vibration threshold (VT) and pressure pain (PP) threshold and tolerance.

Design:

A cross-sectional study design.

Setting:

MacHAND Clinical Research Lab at McMaster University.

Subjects:

34 surgical and 10 nonsurgical participants with shoulder pain were recruited.

Method:

Participants completed the following patient reported outcomes: pain (Numeric Pain Rating, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index) and health status (Short Form-12). Participants completed QST at 4 standardized locations and then an upper extremity performance-based endurance test (FIT-HaNSA). Pearson r’s were computed to determine the relationships between QST variables and patient factors with either pain, function or health status. Eight regression models were built to analysis QST’s and patient factors separately as predictors of either pain, function or health status. An independent sample t-test was done to evaluate the gender effect on QST.

Results:

Greater PP threshold and PP tolerance was significantly correlated with higher shoulder functional performance on the FIT-HANSA (r =0.31-0.44) and lower self-reported shoulder disability (r = -0.32 to -0.36). Higher comorbidity was consistently correlated (r =0.31-0.46) with more pain, and less function and health status. Older age was correlated to more pain intensity and less function (r =0.31-0.57). In multivariate models, patient factors contributed significantly to pain, function or health status models (r2=0.19-0.36); whereas QST did not. QST was significantly different between males and females [in PP threshold (3.9vs. 6.2, p < .001) and PP tolerance (7.6vs. 2.6, p < .001) and CPT (1.6vs. 2.3, p =.02)].

Conclusion:

Psychophysical dimensions and patient factors (gender, age and comorbidity) affect self-reported and performance-based outcome measures in people with shoulder disorders.
La finalización de la carrera deportiva en los deportistas de élite
Authors: Conde Pascual Elena
Published: September 2016

La alta profesionalización del deporte de élite existente en la actualidad, ha supuesto en las últimas décadas, un aumento de la carga horaria que los deportistas dedican a entrenamientos y competiciones. Teniendo en cuenta que la retirada deportiva se produce a edades muy tempranas, es a menudo una etapa de crisis que implica exigencias y requiere ciertos ajustes a nivel ocupacional, financiero, social y psicológico. Por ello, es importante concebir al deportista a nivel global y formarle durante su carrera deportiva no sólo para optimizar el rendimiento, sino orientarle, asesorarle y formarle en todos los ámbitos para afrontar de forma positiva y efectiva el proceso de retirada. Se puede afirmar que la investigación en el área de la retirada y transición de la carrera deportiva en las últimas cinco décadas, ha hecho avanzar la comprensión de este fenómeno, desplazándose la atención de la consideración de la carrera deportiva como un caso singular dentro de las transiciones (Stambulova, 1994) a la discusión de la naturaleza de los hechos, los procesos, la superación y las intervenciones (Lavallee, Nestu, Borkoles, Cockerill & Edge, 2000).
Los programas universitarios para mayores como agente de educación para el desarrollo
Authors: Rodríguez Díez José Luis
Published: September 2016

Desarrollo, educación y participación han formado parte de la historia de la humanidad. Con esta investigación se pretende concienciar cómo los programas universitarios para mayores y, por ende, la formación a lo largo de la vida, deben actuar como agentes de educación para el desarrollo. Para ello     la metodología seguida está centrada principalmente en el ámbito descriptivo, basado en un enfoque diacrónico a través de un muestreo teórico de fuentes documentales. El propósito del mismo es articular la dimensión social y pedagógica de las temáticas que se ha desarrollado en el presente estudio. Como resultados del recorrido se puede afirmar que, tanto la educación para el desarrollo como los programas universitarios para mayores tienen objetivos comunes y que el fin último de ambos es mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas y de la sociedad en  general.
Podometría, práctica deportiva e índice de masa corporal asociada al dolor podal en niños de 12 a 14 años de escuelas de formación deportiva de fútbol en la localidad de Sincelejo
Authors: Díaz Theran Kelly
Published: September 2016

En muchas ocasiones los niños que realizan práctica deportiva, especialmente fútbol, pueden sentir  dolor en los pies en algún momento (antes, durante o después de la práctica), debido a diferentes agentes que pueden estar asociados a factores extrínsecos de la práctica deportiva como el calzado,     el tipo de terreno, el mal uso de vendajes o también por factores intrínsecos como aumento en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) o tipología del pie. El objetivo es establecer la asociación del dolor podal con variables podométricas, de la práctica deportiva e Índice de masa corporal (IMC) en niños de 12 a 14 años de escuelas de formación deportiva de fútbol de la ciudad de Sincelejo. La metodología usada       es un enfoque empírico-analítico, un estudio correlacional de corte transversal. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico simple. Se evaluaron 233 niños de la ciudad de Sincelejo. Se utilizó el “método Herzco” para variables podométricas; el cálculo del IMC se realizó según los patrones de crecimiento de la  OMS.
El estudio de los trastornos emocionales en la infancia colombiana
Authors: Argumedos Cesar , Pérez Diego , Romero Acosta Kelly
Published: September 2016

La alta prevalencia de trastornos mentales en Colombia, sumada a la   situación de violencia por la      que atraviesa el país, son factores de riesgo incidentes para el desarrollo de algunas psicopatologías, como la ansiedad y la depresión. Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer el estado de los trabajos de investigación realizados en Colombia desde el año 2000 hasta 2014, teniendo en cuenta las variables “trastornos emocionales” (ansiedad/depresión) e “infancia”. Para tal fin, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva en diferentes bases de datos y en revistas científicas indexadas a nivel nacional. Los resultados revelan una tendencia en el estudio de la depresión infantil en comparación con la ansiedad, sobre todo desde los años 2006 hasta 2009. La mayor parte de investigaciones encontradas utilizaron instrumentos de auto-informe para evaluar la sintomatología. En el presente trabajo se reflexionará acerca de los hallazgos encontrados y además se platearán futuras directrices de investigación sobre los trastornos emocionales en la infancia colombiana.
Predicción de la satisfacción y el rendimiento escolar: el compromiso como mediador
Authors: Tomás JM , Gutiérrez Sanmartín Melchor , Fernández I
Published: September 2016

Introducción. Los resultados académicos en la escuela, tanto el rendimiento como el sentimiento de satisfacción con ella, han sido estudiados desde diversas perspectivas, dadas sus implicaciones en el diseño de políticas educativas. El objetivo de este estudio es poner a prueba dos modelos estructurales predictivos, uno del rendimiento académico y el otro sobre la satisfacción con la escuela. Método. Estos modelos valoran importantes variables del contexto académico y posicionan el compromiso escolar del estudiante como un mediador de los efectos del contexto sobre las variables resultado. Para poner a prueba estos modelos se ha contado con una muestra de 1164 estudiantes de enseñanza media dominicanos. Los modelos estructurales se estimaron en EQS 5.7. Los resultados empíricos dan apoyo a ambos modelos predictivos; los productos obtenidos apuntan a que el compromiso escolar es un relevante intermediario de los efectos de las variables contextuales y del alumnado en sus logros académicos. Conclusiones. El fruto del trabajo da pie a concluir que hay que replantear el contexto escolar para primar la calidad de la instrucción, las relaciones afectivas entre los profesores y los alumnos, y un clima socioemocional que favorezca el aprendizaje orientado a la maestría. Así, se discuten los resultados obtenidos a la luz de la evidencia anterior y se sugieren también las limitaciones derivadas del carácter transversal del estudio así como las direcciones de cara a investigaciones futuras.
Características físicas y antropométricas, y análisis de juego en jugadores de pádel de elite
Authors: J Zabala Lili , Gil SM , Badiola A , I Bidaurrazaga Letona , Vargas A , Granados C
Published: September 2016

Los objetivos de este estudio son, por un lado, determinar las características antropométricas y de fuerza (medida mediante test de hand-grip y salto vertical con brazos libres) comprándolo con otros deportes de raqueta, y por otro, analizar las características propias del juego durante el Campeonato de España de Pádel sub-23. Para ello 14 hombres (20,38 ± 1,92 años) y 12 mujeres (19,73 ± 2,37 años) participaron en este estudio. A todos ellos se les realizó unas mediciones antropométricas, y unos tests de fuerza de miembro superior (hand-grip) y de miembro inferior (salto vertical con brazos libres) antes y después de los partidos. Por último, se registraron los datos de analisis de juego durante dicho evento. Los resultados muestran que las características antropométricas de los jugadores de pádel difieren ligeramente de las de los jugadores de otros deportes de raqueta. Los valores de fuerza, no disminuyeron después del partido, no observándose ningún indicio de fatiga. Respecto al análisis de las características del juego, el pádel se caracteriza por tener menos tiempo activo que el tenis de mesa y el badminton, pero más tiempo activo que el tenis.
Medida del emprendizaje: adaptación y validación de la escala de actitudes emprendedoras EASS en profesores españoles
Authors: Oliver Germes Amparo , Galiana Llinares Laura , Calatayud P , D Piacentini Genovart
Published: September 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer un instrumento de evaluación que permita conocer las actitudes emprendedoras del profesorado, mediante la adaptación de la original Escala de Actitudes Emprendedoras para Estudiantes, al tiempo que facilitar una primera aproximación a su diagnóstico en el ámbito español, con proyección en el área de habla hispana. En el marco de un diseño transversal, se llevó a cabo una encuesta on-line en un único momento temporal en la que participaron 155 profesionales de la educación. El instrumento adaptado (Escala de Actitudes Emprendedoras para Profesores, EAST), basado en la Escala de Actitudes Emprendedoras para Estudiantes de Oliver y Galiana (2016), evalúa 6 actitudes emprendedoras con 18 ítems: proactividad, ética profesional, empatía, innovación, autonomía y toma de riesgos, que definen a la persona con motivación hacia el emprendimiento. El análisis factorial confirmatorio ofrece resultados adecuados: χ2 (120) = 214.225 (p < .001), CFI = .963, TLI = .953, SRMR = .011, RMSEA = .071. Se obtienen estimaciones de fiabilidad excelentes, con alfas de Cronbach de .95 a .97 para las seis dimensiones. Se detecta una relación negativa del emprendimiento con la edad, y una mayor presencia en mujeres. Los resultados muestran unas propiedades psicométricas adecuadas de la nueva adaptación, siendo este, hasta donde se conoce, el primero desarrollado para evaluar en educadores actitudes emprendedoras en el contexto hispano-hablante.
Valores sociales en familias y escuela: discusión axiológica
Authors: Hernández G. de Velazco Judith J. , Robles Bastidas Omar José
Published: September 2016

Las familias y las organizaciones educativas determinan en los niños y adolescentes valores, principios, conductas morales y éticas. El proceso de aprendizaje y modelaje se ven impregnados significativamente por la institución familiar y por las organizaciones educativas. En familia se transmiten valores a los hijos para hacerlos capaces, acertados, congruentes entre sus opiniones y acciones, lo que a su vez supone reflexionar sobre los modos de actuar de los padres, responsables, miembros, de las familias. En ese mismo sentido, las personas comprometidas con la dirección escolar deben ser líderes capaces de incidir positivamente sobre otros, impulsar propuestas cónsonas con el desempeño en valores sociales e indudablemente para esto se debe contar con directores capaces de administrar, promover la participación, socialización y contar con el apoyo del personal en la escuela. El propósito de esta disertación es revisar la discusión teórica y axiológica en torno a valores sociales, las familias y el rol de la educación, a través de la revisión bibliográfica, documental y la pespectiva crítica referencial. Se concluye, que los valores sociales pueden ser difundidos en el entramado social si hay un tejido familiar que inculque valores y una efectiva dirección escolar enfocada en este aprendizaje.
Barrios con necesidades de transformación social, violencia escolar e identidad social urbana: Percepciones de niños y adolescentes.
Authors: Del Moral Arroyo Gonzalo , Suárez Relinque Cristian , Martínez Ferrer Belén , Musitu Ochoa Gonzalo
Published: September 2016

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la percepción de niños y adolescentes pertenecientes a zonas con necesidaddes de trasnformación social, acerca de la influencia del barrio en la conducta violenta escolar y en la configuración de la identidad social urbana de egresores y victimas. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, con 10 grupos de discusión y un total de 60 niños y adolescentes de cuatro centros educativos pertenecientes a zonas con necesidades de transformación social de Andalucía (España). Los resultados sugieren dos efectos: 1) una posible mediación del clima familiar y la supervisión parental en la relación entre participación en contextos no estructurados en el barrio y la conducta violenta; 2) una relación diferencial de la pertenencia al barrio y las características de este con la identidad social urbana de los agresores y las víctimas.
El trabajo social de empresa: otro ámbito de trabajo
Authors: Mesa Medina Fayna
Published: September 2016

Cuando se habla de Trabajo Social se relaciona únicamente con servicios sociales (ssss), desde el enfoque de solucionar los problemas de la sociedad, sin embargo, la función del profesional de Trabajo Social (TS) es acompañar a las personas en los momentos de cambio, fomentando y contribuyendo al desarrollo de Bienestar Social. El Trabajo Social de Empresa (TSE) es otra de las áreas de la profesión de Trabajo Social, aún por desarrollar, dado que en las Universidades la formación que se imparte se vincula principalmente a los servicios sociales. La hipótesis de la que parte este estudio considera que la figura del trabajador social tiene un lugar relevante en el departamento de Recursos Humanos en las empresas, donde puede desarrollar su ejercicio como profesional experto en el ámbito social, dedicándose al bienestar ocupacional. Este principio plantea como objetivo general dar visibilidad a la figura del TSE, favoreciendo que profesionales de Trabajo Social conozcan la figura mencionada. Como objetivos específicos, se establecen averiguar el papel que ejerce el TSE, cuál es su situación e investigar cómo ejercen su función. Esta investigación tiene una metodología cualitativa, de carácter descriptivo y aplicado, donde se utiliza la técnica de la entrevista en profundidad; específicamente entrevista enfocada. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio indican que el profesional de TSE promueve el bienestar laboral; previniendo conflictos laborales, informando y orientando sobre los recursos que favorecen la conciliación familiar, ofreciendo soporte a los cambios personales que se producen de la fase productiva a la jubilación. Como conclusión, se refleja una mejora de las condiciones de trabajo cuando la empresa dota al departamento de recursos humanos de un profesional de TSE.