bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excavations of the Tesin and Tashtyk Graves at the Sagayskaya Protoka 2, 5 and 8 Burial Yards
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Timoshchenko A.A. , Mitko O.A. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS,   Novosibirsk State University, Morozov A.A. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Zubkov V.S. ,   Khakass State University, Poselyanin A.I. ,   Khakass State University, Frolov Ya.V. ,   Altai State University, Teterin Yu.V. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Davydov R.V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS,   Novosibirsk State University, Polovnikov I.S. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: January 2022

In 2021, the Sagai archaeological team of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS excavated four funerary and memorial complexes in the construction zone of the «Second track on the Chаrtykovsкy - Kamyshta stretch of the Krasnoyarsk railway». Mound 2 of the Sagayskaya protoka 2 burial ground contained 11 graves. Traces of diverse funeral rites were noted: intact corpses and partial burials of adults and infants in stone boxes and ground pits without stone structures. The grave inventory is poor - vessels and two iron objects (a knife and a buckle). Petroglyphic images were noted on the slabs of the boxes. Among them, there is a composition of the battle of two warriors, one of whom is on skis. At the site of the “Single kurgan Sagayskaya protoka 5”, Tesinsky graves 1 and 3 were made in the stone ceiling of the Saragash grave. In grave 1, two adults were buried. A partial burial (grave 2) was found at some distance. The burials are tentatively dated to the range of the 1st century BC - 1st century AD. In addition to the burials, an excavation trench was established revealing cultural layer containing roughly made stone tools from river pebbles, fragments of animal bones and ceramic vessels with ornaments typical for the Tashtyk pottery. In the areas associated with burial mound 6 (burial site Sagayskaya protoka 2) and burial mounds 1 and No. 2 (burial ground Sagayskaya protoka 8), 39 cult sites were recorded. By their construction, the sites can be classified into several groups: ground pits with animal bones and vessels under the stone work ceiling; ground pits with the remains of wooden posts; ground pits filled with rubble stones; slabs with the edge dug in the ground or tumbled down. The features of the ceramics make it possible to attribute the graves to the Tashtyk culture.
Studies of Mound Kamyshta Station-1 in 2021
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Chertykov V.A. , Timoshchenko A.A. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS
Published: January 2022

The article presents preliminary data of the rescue archaeological works at Mound Kamyshta Station-1 located in the southwestern part of Khakassia-Minusinsk region. The site is situated in the Askyz District of the Republic of Khakassia on the second floodplain terrace of the ancient sector of the Abakan River valley. The excavations have shown that mound 2 is a distant stele of Mound 1 and is located 15 meters southwest of it. A rectangular kerb made of massive red Devonian grit slabs based upon piers on the outside was uncovered. Upright steles were erected in the middle of each kerb walls except the northeast one and at the corners; the steles are oriented toward sunrise with their narrow edges. The gate is attached to the northeastern side of the kerb. The kerb enclosed six tombs. Tombs 1, 2, and 3 are considered the main ones, the tomb 4 is subsidiary, tombs 5 and 6 were dug in from the overlying layer (inlets). All the burials were made either in earthen graves or in stone boxes covered with the ceilings of medium- rounded pebblestone. Some of the tombs remained intact (in situ). Tombs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are typical for the Podgorny stage of the Tagarsky culture, whereas tomb 6 refers to the Tes (Tesinsky) stage. The grave good sets are culturally typical including flat-bottomed jar-shaped vessels, bronze daggers, chekan battle axes, knives, awls, circular mirrors with a loop on the backside, half-spherical discs, cylindrical beads, conic beads, and a bone comb with a circular ornamentation.
'Care and Maintenance': Indigeneity, Disability and Settler Colonialism at the Canton Asylum for Insane Indians, 1902-1934
Authors: Whitt Sarah
Published: January 2022

No abstract available.
Review of "Holding Up the Sky," or Naming Maine as Wabanaki Homelands
Authors: Cowing Jess L.
Published: January 2022

No abstract available.
Knowledge distillation of convolutional neural network models on inaccurately labeled data for automatic text CAPTCHA recognition on mobile devices
Authors: Terekhov V.I. , Ishkov D.O.
Published: January 2022

Problem definition: most of the existing works investigate the recognition of a fixed-length CAPTCHA, but the authors suggest using knowledge distillation to simulate the operation of recurrent-convolutional models, which have proven themselves well in the task of predicting the dynamic length of characters in images. The rapid development of deep learning systems, the recognition quality of which has reached the level of human vision, makes the method of protection using CAPTCHA increasingly ineffective. In addition, such protection imposes high requirements on the characteristics of the devices on which recognition is performed. The research carried out in this work allowed us to propose an effective method of training CNN on inaccurate data for automatic circumvention of text CAPTCHAS on mobile devices. Purpose: acquiring a lightweight and high-quality model for text CAPTCHA recognition that can work on mobile devices. Results: the paper describes a method for training a lightweight model on inaccurate markup obtained from another model. The influence of the size of the training sample on the quality of recognition, the speed of the model on various end devices is studied on the example of a popular social network. Practical significance: The proposed method allows you to train convolutional models to bypass the protection of websites-text CAPTCHA, which are undemanding to the characteristics of devices. The analysis of the model errors allows us to make recommendations for improving ways to counteract automatic recognition.
Analysis of the behavior of search engine optimization algorithms on transient modes of non-stationary simulation processes
Authors: Stroganov D.V. , Micheev V.A. , Chernenky V.M.
Published: January 2022

Formulation of the problem. Simulation modeling is often used when there are no analytical methods for solving a certain problem. In this case, the simulation model solves it with a greater or lesser degree of adequacy. In addition, if there is an optimization problem, then there is a problem of including the simulation model in the optimization loop. The article assumes that the search engine optimization algorithm is directly included in the model. Of interest is the problem of estimating the duration of the control interval, i.e. model time, at which the local neighborhood of the current point of the search algorithm is investigated. The choice of the control interval is a rather difficult task. A number of works have shown the feasibility of its reduction. This article considers the limiting case when the duration of the control interval tends to zero. The behavior of such a model and the possibility of solving the optimization problem on it is of theoretical interest. The aim of the work is a formal approach to the construction of such a model of a controlled imitation process, when the duration of the control interval tends to zero. Of interest is the description of the characteristics of the nonstationary behavior of such a model. As the main result, it is shown that under certain constraints, the controlled imitation process will converge to the diffusion one. In particular cases, the behavior of the model can be represented in the form of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Also, for a number of cases, an analytical solution has been found for the characteristics of the mathematical expectation and variance of the nonstationary mode. The results obtained are more theoretical in nature. However, the practical interest lies in the possibility of assessing the position of the extremum of the controlled parameter without analyzing the estimates of the functional, which is set by the simulation model.
Analysis of methods of image feature extraction
Authors: Berezkin D.V. , Hamed Ahmad , Kiwan Moudar
Published: January 2022

The article considers the methods of extraction and representation of image features, which play an important role in the processing of multimedia data. An overview of the latest developments in the field of image feature extraction is performed: extraction of color features from images where color has many functions, such as color moments(CM), color coherence vector (CCV), etc., extraction of texture features using the Gabor filter and extraction of shape features using methods based on contours and regions. An overview of the methods for representing image features is performed. The efficiency of merging global and local features in image processing was analyzed, as well as another way of presenting features like a visual word package. In the course of further work, the authors plan to study the relationship between the number of functions and the final performance. Intuitively, the larger the number of functions, the better the final performance. Secondly, the study of the relationship between the representation of functions and the final performance is also a very interesting and complex topic. It includes methods for representing objects (global, block, and regional). In the case of using block and regional functions, it is necessary to investigate the performance, which depends on the size of the partition or segmentation. Third, it is supposed to investigate the relationship between a suitable combination of image functions and the final performance in order to assess whether this combination can further improve performance. The results of the research are supposed to be used in the geolocation system of photos based on the automatic analysis of their images. Improving the accuracy and performance of image feature extraction will help improve the quality of the geopositioning system proposed in the article [28].
A computer system for searching and evaluating thermal anomalies in volcano images
Authors: Urmanov I.P. , Korolev S.P. , Kamaev A.N.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the analysis of images obtained from video cameras shooting in a wide range, including visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The problem of identification of thermal anomalies in the images of volcanoes obtained with such cameras is solved. The introduction contains a brief review of methods and approaches to the solution of the problem. Section 1 is devoted to the description of the developed algorithm of thermal anomalies detection. At the beginning of the section, the procedure of data sampling preparation is described and the details of thermal anomalies display on the images are shown. Then a description of all the stages of the algorithm is given, including finding the centers of potential anomalies, calculating the area and determining the features of the anomalies with further classification of the obtained data into classes of "thermal" anomaly and "non-thermal" anomaly. In Section 2, the description of the computer system for automated image analysis is given. At the beginning, the implementation of the developed algorithm in the form of a console application is shown. Then its integration into the computer system for the automated analysis of images of the system of continuous video observation of volcanoes of Kamchatka is considered. Also is given a description of all capabilities of the obtained system, a scheme of its work and examples of developed interfaces. In the conclusion of the article summarized the results of the work and the prospects for further research.
Backstepping Sliding Mode Control for Inverted Pendulum System with Disturbance and Parameter Uncertainty
Authors: Ma'arif Alfian , Antonio Márquez Vera Marco , Sadek Mahmoud Magdi , Ladaci Samir , Çakan Abdullah , Niño Parada Jonattan
Published: January 2022

The inverted pendulum system is highly popular in control system applications and has the characteristics of unstable, nonlinear, and fast dynamics. A nonlinear controller is needed to control a system with these characteristics. In addition, there are disturbances and parameter uncertainty issues to be solved in the inverted pendulum system. Therefore, this study uses a nonlinear controller, which is the backstepping sliding mode control. The controller is robust to parameter uncertainty and disturbances so that it is suitable for controlling an inverted pendulum system. Based on testing with step and sine reference signals without interference, the controller can stabilize the system well and has a fast response. In testing with disturbances and mass uncertainty, the backstepping sliding mode controller is robust against these changes and able to make the system reach the reference value. Compared with sliding mode control, backstepping sliding mode control has a better and more robust response to disturbances and parameter uncertainty.
Anhysteretic Magnetization Effect on the Centered and Non-Centered Minor Hysteresis Loops in Jiles-Atherton Model
Authors: Selmoune Bachir , Hamimid Mourad
Published: January 2022

In this paper, an accurate evaluation of minor hysteresis loops using the modified Jiles-Atherton model is presented. This model is based on the anhysteretic magnetization, which is given in most cases by the Langevin equation. The anhysteretic magnetization is characterized by three parameters, the mean field parameter α, the shape parameter of anhysteretic magnetization curve a and the saturation magnetization Ms. The parameters influencing the minor hysteresis loops are a and α. These parameters are expressed usually in the form of simple power laws and they connect the minor loop parameters to the major ones. These expressions are applicable in both centered and non-centered minor loops cases. In the centered minor loops, the parameter k is introduced in order to adjust the width of the minor loops regarding the level of the magnetic excitation. The coefficients of the proposed expressions (γ, β and σ) are obtained by optimization procedure. The proposed approach is validated using measured minor loops in both cases. A close agreement is obtained between modeled and measured ones.
Real-Life Survey of Assistive Technologies Developed for the Visually Impaired
Authors: Sadi Muhammad Sheikh , Khanom Mahfuza , Rahman Mohammad Atikur , Yead Shidul Mursalin , Alam Mohammad Azahar
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems that the visually impaired are facing by depicting the outcome of real-life research conducted with the participation of around 100 people in a Blinds’ Institute, Khulna, Bangladesh. It represents the performance of assistive technologies developed for safe and comfortable navigation to help visually impaired people. To execute this research, an extensive objective and subjective experimental evaluation have been done with the help of Raspberry-Pi and Arduino Uno-based systems and the students at the blinds’ institute. The accuracy of the Raspberry-Pi-based system is 64% and the Arduino-based system is only 36%. These findings might help the researchers to understand and detect the most significant devices and highlight the performance to design and implement devices that would ensure proper safety, convenience, and independent mobility to the visually impaired.
COORDINATION OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES DURING CRISIS
Authors: Makarov O. , Arzhevitin S.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The global crisis of 2020, caused by the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus disease, has led to decline of the Ukrainian economy and contraction in the welfare of society. To overcome the effects of the crisis, the monetary and fiscal authorities have provided strong incentives, primarily to support the most vulnerable social groups and businesses most affected by quarantine restrictions, as well as to facilitate the financial stability of the banking sector. In conditions of limited government resources, to minimizing the negative effects of the crisis requires the highest efficiency of monetary and fiscal policies, which can only be achieved through proper coordination between monetary and fiscal authorities.
The present article examines the peculiarities of the conduct and direction of monetary and fiscal policies before crisis processes arose in Ukraine and identifies the factors that constrain the effectiveness of both policies: shadow economy; permanent budget deficit; excessive public debt service costs; the dominance of non-monetary inflation factors in taking monetary policy decisions. Anti-crisis measures of monetary and fiscal authorities are described and analysed. It was determined that the stock exchange channel of money issuance stood inactive during the crisis, which led to a significant imbalance in the interest rate environment in Ukraine and to the increase in the cost of government borrowing in the domestic market, what was caused by poor coordination between monetary and fiscal policies. It has been established that the dominance of the state in the banking system of Ukraine has a negative impact on bank lending during the crisis, and the government’s program to stimulate lending restrains the reduction of interest rates on new loans through market mechanisms.
To ensure post-crisis sustainable economic development, the following measures are advised: ensure a gradual reduction in public debt service costs; make the transition to a countercyclical fiscal policy, which will allow for an expansionary monetary policy; implement measures aimed at reducing the concentration of the state in the banking sector and endorse lending to the real sector of the economy rather than government, through state-owned banks; stimulating lending through monetary rather than fiscal mechanisms.
Keywords: monetary policy, fiscal policy, monetary-fiscal policy coordination, economic development, central bank, corona crisis, Ukraine.
JEL Classіfіcatіon E52, E62, E63, H12
Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 37.
Effect of Blasting During Tunnel Excavation on an Existing Adjacent Tunnel
Authors: DANG Van Kıen , VO Th
Published: January 2022

In recent decades, the effects of blast loads on existing structures have gained considerable attention due to the increase in threat from various activities. Site-speciﬁc empirical relationships for calculation of blast-induced vibration parameters like Peak Particle Velocity (PPV), Peak Particle Acceleration (PPA), and Peak Particle Displacement (PPD) are commonly used for the estimation of the impact of blasting vibration on an existing adjacent tunnel. However, these relationships are not able to consider the variation in rock parameters and uncertainty of in situ conditions such as modern rock mass classifications (i.e., RMR, Q-system, RQD)... In this paper, a published blast data of various researchers in different rock sites at Croix-Rousse tunnel in France have been collected and used to propose a generalized regression model for PPV by considering the effects of rock parameters like Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system, damping ratio “”, Dynamic Young’s modulus “Ed”. By using the numerical analysis method, the proposed regression model of PPV (Empirical Formula) function of a variable and multivariate can be directly used in the prediction of blast-induced vibrations in rocks.
Los comienzos de un arquitecto. Crónica del viaje de Sáenz de Oíza por Estados Unidos y México
Authors: Salazar Lozano María del Pilar , Rodríguez Rodríguez Pablo , Garcia-Requejo Zaida
Published: January 2022

Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza fue un pionero en España en su tiempo. Su desarrollo como arquitecto y su docencia quedaron marcados por un viaje que le llevó a recorrer Estados Unidos durante casi un año. En 1948, poco después de haber obtenido el título, ganó la beca Conde de Cartagena, lo que le permitió formarse en un país poco conocido por la mayoría de sus compatriotas. Gracias al hallazgo de las cartas que mensualmente remitía a la Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, se ha podido reconstruir su viaje paso a paso, los lugares visitados, los contactos realizados, sus temas de investigación, las dificultades que se encontró. De esta manera se puede entender la huella que le dejó este viaje, lo cual permite obtener enseñanzas para sacar el máximo rendimiento a los viajes que siguen realizando los profesionales de la arquitectura por el mundo entero.
Metodología para el mejoramiento de la eficiencia energética de la envolvente edilicia en el sector salud
Authors: Urteneche Emilia , Fondoso-Ossola Santiago Tomás , Martini Irene , Barbero Dante Andrés , Alberto Discoli Carlos
Published: January 2022

Los establecimientos energo-intensivos del sector salud representan un escenario con significativas potencialidades para la aplicación de medidas de eficiencia energética. Se plantea una metodología que permite identificar y cuantificar el consumo energético, reconocer la situación técnico-constructiva de base de la edilicia construida y analizar las variables de diseño que tienen mayor incidencia en el ahorro energético y la habitabilidad, tanto a nivel global (establecimiento) como diferencial (áreas). Dicha metodología constituye una herramienta para proponer alternativas específicas de mejoramiento por área, orientadas al reciclado de la envolvente edilicia, a partir de técnicas de “diseño pasivo”. Se presenta la aplicación de la metodología a un caso de estudio de la ciudad de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Asimismo, su instrumentación permite comparar escenarios entre establecimientos de similares características, y/o replicar la metodología a establecimientos de otras regiones a partir de considerar los lineamientos de las zonas bioclimáticas de la Norma IRAM 11603.
Análisis de las condiciones de movilidad peatonal por la fragmentación territorial. Caso: Barrio de las Lajas, Unidad Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla, México
Authors: Guevara Romero María Lourdes , Flores Torres Jorge Omar Daniel , Flores Lucero María de Lourdes
Published: January 2022

Los habitantes de barrios marginados en la Unidad Territorial Atlixcáyotl enfrentan diversas condiciones de movilidad al realizar largos recorridos para evadir las barreras ocasionadas por las avenidas e infraestructuras construidas al implementarse instrumentos de planeación urbana en las últimas décadas, lo que ha provocado una fragmentación territorial en esta zona. El objetivo es realizar un análisis de las condiciones de movilidad peatonal de los habitantes de Las Lajas por la implementación de instrumentos de planeación urbana, para generar recomendaciones que puedan derivar en políticas públicas. La metodología utilizada se basó en una revisión teórica y análisis de instrumentos legales, técnicas como recorridos en campo y mediciones de tiempo y distancia, así como la aplicación de cuestionarios y entrevistas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cómo los instrumentos de planeación urbana priorizaron la construcción de proyectos y vialidades que fragmentaron el territorio condicionando los modos de movilidad peatonal de los barrios de esta zona.
Filmski turizem in turizem popularne kulture
Authors: Turnšek Maja
Published: January 2022

Monografija kritično reflektira aktualno raziskovanje filmskega turizma. Čez analizo presekov zgodovinskih, disciplinarnih in predvsem paradigmatskih razlikovanj identificira štiri osrednja polja raziskovanja. Poenostavljeno jih lahko razdelimo glede na njihovo osrednje raziskovalno vprašanje, s tem pa tudi teoretsko podstat in raziskovalne metode vsakega izmed pristopov: (a) Kaj mediji počnejo s turisti? (b) Kaj (potencialni) turisti počnejo s filmi? (c) Kaj akterji destinacije počnejo filmom in turistom? Ter končno (d) Kako celostno zaobjeti kompleksno soodvisnost med mediji, turisti in destinacijo? Avtorica čez poglobljeno analizo vsakega izmed pristopov identificira predvsem slepe pege v aktualnem raziskovanju in teoretski imaginaciji filmskega turizma in popularne kulture. Pri tem čez celotno monografijo zagovarja tezo, da lokalne turistične skupnosti niso ne pasivne in ne brez moči vplivanja v današnjem medijatiziranem svetu. Nasprotno: gre za soodvisen odnos ustvarjanja kraja, kjer je v analizo v prvi vrsti treba vključevati družbeno konstrukcijo prostora in s tem vlogo destinacijskega managementa.
Creating scarcity from abundance: bumper harvests, high prices, and the role of state interventions in zambian maize markets
Authors:   Research Associate II, Indaba Agricultural Policy Research Institute (IAPRI), 26A Middleway Road, PostNet Box 99, Kabulonga, Lusaka, Zambia. Fax: +260 211 261199, Kuteya AK , Sitko NJ ,   Assistant Professor, International Development, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University (MSU), and currently on longterm assignment with IAPRI, Lusaka, Zambia.
Published: January 2022

In 2012/13 Zambia experienced a significant spike in maize meal prices, which coincided with three consecutive years (2010 - 2012) of record maize surpluses. This seemingly paradoxical price spike occurred in the wake of a dramatic escalation of the Government’s Food Reserve Agency (FRA ) interventions in the market, with the FRA purchasing approximately 80% of the available surplus during these surplus production years. Using a case study approach, this article explores Zambia’s maize price spikes amidst years of bumper harvests. The study findings reveal that maize procurement and marketing behavior of the Government through the FRA contributed to major structural changes to the maize market: (1) A withdrawal from the market by commercial mills. By purchasing majority of the maize on the market, the FRA limited the need for commercial mills to access maize directly from the market. This reduced competition in the wholesaling sector and concentrated maize supply chain around the FRA; (2) Rationing of the FRA maize sold at subsidized prices to commercial mills. The FRA depots were unable to consistently meet the demand requirements of the commercial milling sector and as a result, some mills were prioritized in terms of receiving FRA maize. Mills that could not consistently access subsidized maize from the FRA were put at a comparative disadvantage; (3) Exit of the commercial farming sector from maize production. Between 2010 and 2013 commercial maize production in Zambia halved, from 300,000 to less than 150,000 metric tonnes. This was due t o the price uncertainty created by FRA subsidies to commercial mills, which are the traditional markets for commercial farmers, as well as significant increase in smallholder production; and (4) Squeezing the informal processing sector out of the market. B y procuring the majority of the available surplus and selling it at subsidized rates to a selected group of commercial mills, the informal market, including small- scale traders, retailers, and hammer mills, were limited in their ability to participate in the market. This in turn undermined the market channel most often used by poorer urban and rural households. These structural changes in the organization of Zambia’s maize market led to a decline in available maize supplies and reduced levels of private- sec tor competition making the market vulnerable to unanticipated demand shocks.
Nutritional evaluation of some new maize varieties: effects on growth performance and carcass traits of albino rats
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, KNUST, Kumasi, Okai DB , Boateng M , Ankamaa D , Osarumwense SO , Ewool MB ,   CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi-Ghana
Published: January 2022

A study was carried out to ascertain the effects some new maize varieties : Obatanpa (OB), Opeaburoo (OP) , Honampa ( HO), Aseda (AS) , Tintim (TT), Owanwa (OW) and Odomfo (OD) on the growth performance and carcass traits of albino rats. Aseda, Opeaburoo and Tintim are all white varieties and have been described as being moderately tolerant to drought and good for domestic purposes. Owanwa, Odomfo and Honampa on the other hand are all yellow varieties . The OW and OD varieties have a pro -vitamin A content of 6 μ g/g whilst HO has a pro -vitamin A content of 7 μ g/g. Obatanpa (OB) is a white and an open- pollinated Quality Protein Maize (QPM) variety grown widely by farmers in Ghana . Thirty -five weanling Wistar® rats with an average initial live weight of 36g were randomly allocated to seven isocaloric dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). There were five rats on each treatment, housed individually in plastic cages and each rat served as a replicate. Their growth performance was monitored for 28 days, after which the rats were euthanized and dissected to collect carcass data. Th e mean daily feed intakes and weight gains were similar (P>0.05) for the rats on the various dietary treatments. The feed conversion ratios (FCR) as well as feed cost per 100g weight gain were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced by the variety of maize in the diets. The abdominal fat colour score was affected by the dietary treatments with HO, OD and OW scoring 2 while treatments OB, OP, AS and TT scored 1. The carcass characteristics of all the albino rats on the seven dietary treatments were similar (P> 0.05) except for empty gastrointestinal tract ( GIT ) weights which were higher (P<0.05) for HO and O D treatments. It was concluded that since the growth performance indicators were similar for all the dietary treatments, farmers can utilize any of these new varieties in their feeding operations but where enhanced carcass colour is desired HO, OD and OW could be the varieties of choice.
Formulation of complementary food using amaranth, chickpea and maize improves iron, calcium and zinc content
Authors:   Hawassa Health Science College, Hawassa Ethiopia, Zebdewos A , Singh P ,   Hawassa University Awassa Ethiopia, Birhanu G ,   Hawassa University Awassa Ethiopia, Whiting SJ ,   University of Saskatchewan, Canada, Henry CJ ,   University of Saskatchewan, Canada, Kebebu A ,   Hawassa University, Awassa Ethiopia
Published: January 2022

Malnutrition is the cause of the majority of deaths in children under five years old in Ethiopia. Micronutrient deficiencies such as iron, zinc and calcium, often seen in malnourished children, are major public health problems throughout Ethiopia. These deficiencies have negative consequences on the cognitive and physical development of children, and on work productivity of adults. There is, therefore, a need for sustainable methods to address iron inadequacy in complementary feeding. Animal products are a good source of iron, zinc and calcium, but due to their high costs, their consumption by most children in Ethiopia has declined. The grain amaranth grows wild in areas of Ethiopia but is considered a weed. This study, conducted in rural Ethiopia, was initiated to prepare nutrient-rich complementary food using recipes that substituted the usual maize gruel with porridge made from amaranth and chickpea flours. Using a laboratory based experimental study design, four porridges suitable for complementary feeding, with different proportions of amaranth grains, maize and chickpeas were formulated in triplicate and analyzed in triplicate for minerals including iron, and phytate levels. Mother-child pairs were recruited for acceptability testing, at the community level. Results showed adding amaranth improved the content of iron and other nutrients as compared to control porridge (100% maize) and decreased phytate levels. The lowest phytate to iron ratio (0.24) was observed in the 70% amaranth and 30% chickpea blend, and the lowest viscosity measure was also observed in this same formulation. Soaking amaranth seeds in warm (50oC) water then germinating in lemon juice-containing water at 32oC for 72 hours resulted in the lowest phytate levels. In sensory testing, all of the formulated porridges with different proportions of amaranth flour were acceptable to mothers and their children, although the red color was disliked by mothers and their children. Flavor preference was not altered; however, overall acceptability was reduced with increasing amounts of amaranth. The study indicated that a processed 70% amaranth and 30% chickpea product can be used to produce low-cost, nutrient-rich complementary food with moderate acceptability. Increased nutritional awareness, production and consumption of grain amaranth products may be the way to address mineral deficiencies including iron, in the study area.
Ulotne duchy Indianie w poezji Philipa Freneau i Williama Cullena Bryanta a koncepcje rasowe dziewiętnastowiecznej nauki
Authors: Fruzińska Justyna
Published: January 2022

The paper analyzes the depiction of Native Americans in poems by two 19th-century American poets: Philip Freneau and William Cullen Bryant. Romantic writers were interested in Native Americans as “noble savages,” but also as a metonymy of “natural” America as opposed to “civilized” Europe. The poets often took the side of the Native population, mistreated and pushed westward by whites, both for ethical and esthetic reasons: appreciating their “picturesqueness” and nostalgically describing cultures which no longer constituted a military threat on the eastern shore of the United States. At the same time, however, their attitudes towards Native Americans could be far more complicated, as one can see in Bryant’s poem “The Prairies,” which de facto justified the US Indian policy of the 1830s. What is more, both poets’ works largely reflected racial ideas dominating 19th-century science. The poems which this paper analyzes refer to the motif of the “dying American,” doomed to extinction because of his physical weakness and unwillingness to accept white civilization, as well as the enigma of the “mound builders,” which intrigued many 19th-century scientists and was taken up by Bryant in his “Prairies.”
Achieving positive energy in living spaces by applying the true spirit of Islam in harmony with design
Authors: Ghoneim Rehab Salaheldin
Published: January 2022

How living spaces affect their occupants is an impression that runs through many cultures and groups around the globe.  This paper is based on an attempt to establish a link between Islamic architecture, Chinese culture and Minimalism in terms of positive place energy.  Minimalism in architecture can be summed up in Mies Van Derrohe's statement Less is More.  The aim of this research was to understand how minimalism meets the spirit of asceticism in Islam such as simplicity, truth, and mysticism, under which the idea of asceticism falls, and Islamic truths  such as the haqeeqa, and Taammul meditation.  The research was descriptive in nature and the data for the research was drawn from previous literature, journals and from the Holy Qur’an .  The research establishes the notion of universality of Islamic notions in the field of architecture and makes recommendations based on the findings of this research.     

 

Key words: Minimalism, asceticism, truth haqeeqa, Taammul ; meditation
Impact of land fragmentation on rice production efficiency, Comparative study of upper and Middle Sindh Province of Pakistan
Authors: Koondhar Mansoor Ahmed , Li Houjian , Joyo Mumtaz Ali , Ahsan Faiza
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Impression of this study is to investigate the correlation of land fragmentation and rice production efficiency into two different major rice cropping zones, which mostly at middle and upper part of the Sindh province, Pakistan. For this study, randomly data of 450 rice growers were collected from 5 major growing districts (Dadu, Naushahroferoze, Sukkur, Larkana and Shikarpur) of Sindh province Pakistan, 432 respondents were analyzed out of 450, remaining 18 samples found an error in data due to auto-generated results. As for the empirical results Cob Douglas and censored normal Tobit model were analyzed by using SPSS and E-views. As for as  results of Cob Douglas production function opined that the production can be increased  owing to the increase in family income, ploughing, planking and irrigation also confirm that the 1% reduction in land rent, temporary labor with fertilizer usage such as; urea, DAP and chemical spray  would causes the production increase in middle part of the Sindh, followed by the upper Sindh rice production can be raised by the land rent increment, permanent labor ploughing, planking, seed rate and fertilizer; urea and NP, just need to reduce 1%  appliance on irrigation. In addition, the results of the censored Tobit model suggests that there is possibility to increase rice production efficiency by increasing the general characteristics of rice growers such as; age, education, experience, farm size, health of farmers, market availability near to farms, extension service and school, producer efficiency. The rice production can also be increased by the decreasing land fragmentation and distance from homestead to farm in middle Sindh. When the production efficiency would be increased in upper Sindh as compare to the middle Sindh gradually by increasing age, experience, land rented in, shared out land, farm size and availability of the market near farm, same variables for land fragmentation and distance from homestead to farm has negative coefficient impression. The results policy suggested the assurance of land fragmentation and distance from homestead to farm has significant correlation with rice production.  Therefore, government may revise land reform policies with its land consolidate; by this farmers may adopt modern agro-based technologies easily and resultantly to increase rice production and ultimately help to reducing poverty scale.

Keywords: Rice, production, fragmentation, Policy and Sindh.
An alternative mean-variance portfolio theoretical framework:Nigeria banks’ market shares analysis
Authors: Olanrewaju Rasaki , Olanrewaju Adejare Sodiq
Published: January 2022

The ground-laying objective of portfolio conception is nothing but to allot optimally, the investment among financial assets, and a wide range of products held by investors for immediate or long-time decision. The article aims to provide both the theoretical and experimental analysis of estimating portfolio asset indexes. The technique for estimating mixing weights of each asset for proper optimization of the portfolio was described and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique was employed in the estimation of their returns and volatilities. Twelve (12) new generation (commercial and merchant) banks’ yearly market shares’ portfolios from 2001 to 2017 were analyzed. The mixing weights describing the contributing efﬁcient frontiers carved-out U.B.A and Zenith banks to be the frontiers in the commercial banks’ shares portfolio with 0.272 and 0.202 mixing weights respectively. Additionally, the 99% confidence level of the Expected-Shortfall (ES), was higher in WEMA, UNION, ACCESS, Diamond, and FCMB banks with 20.6004%, 14.7637%, 14.6458%, 15.3011%, and 16.9373% respectively.
Keywords: Asset; Expected-Shortfall; Mixing Weight; Ordinary Least Squares; Portfolio
Do macroeconomic variables impact stock market returns? Evidence from Kazakhstan.
Authors: Gnahe Franck Edouard
Published: January 2022

Globalization has resulted in increasing connectivity in the worldwide financial market, as well as a plethora of profit potential for international investors through global diversification. The stock market, also known as the securities exchange, is one of the most active businesses, and it plays an important role in economic development, benefiting the whole industry and trade. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of macroeconomic factors on stock market returns: evidence from Kazakhstan. This analysis uses quarterly data from Kazakhstan's stock market indices, gross domestic product, interest rate, inflation rate, currency rate, and foreign direct investment from 2000Q1 to 2019Q4. From the findings, it is explained that regulators should keep interest rate relatively low to encourage economic business, improve external financing through rule-based exchange rate policy. The paper recommends that both macro factors and stock market returns should adequately compensate investments.
Keywords: Kazakhstan, macroeconomic variables, stock markets return, World Bank Indicators
Valuation challenges of urban green infrastructure
Authors: Csigéné Nagypál Noémi
Published: January 2022

The current article provides an overview of the benefits provided by urban green infrastructure (GI), as well as the application of the concept of total economic value and the relevance of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Afterward, environmental valuation methods that can be used to calculate the benefits in monetary units are presented, highlighting the potential problems or biases. The relevance of cost-based, revealed, and stated preference methods are discussed. It is concluded that several case studies are available, however, the abundance of services provided and differences in measuring the GI services in natural units make monetary valuation ambiguous or challenging. Still, the growing number of people living in urban neighbourhoods makes it more and more expected to measure and valuate the benefits.
Fa‘āliyatu Tanfiż Istirātījiyyah al-Ta‘allum al-Jamā‘ī fī Māddah al-Muṭāla‘ah Liro‘i Nasyāṭi Ta‘allumi al-Ṭalabah wa Natāiji Ta‘allumihim
Authors: Suryadarma Yoke , Najib Aries Fauzan
Published: January 2022

ملخص

إن تعليم العربية في هذا العصر الرقمي يحتاج إلى تطوير استراتيجية تعليمها. وإحدى منها هي استراتيجية التعلم الجماعي (Study Group Learning Strategies) . ولمعرفة مدى فعالية هذه الاستراتيجية قام الباحث بتنفيذها في طلبة الفصل الحادي عشر في مادة المطالعة بالمدرسة العالية معهد دار الاستقامة فونوروكو فيي العام الدراسي2020-2021. واستخدم الباحث منهج البحث الفصلي الإجرائي (Classroom Action Research)، من حيث إنه له أثر ملموس لمعرفة رفع نشاط الطلبة ونتائجهم. ولنيل البيانات المطلوبة، استخدم الباحث طريقة الاختبار، والملاحظة، والوثائق المكتوبة. ونتيجة هذا البحث كما تلي : 1) استراتيجية التعلم الجماعي قادرة على رفع نشاط الطلبة في مادة المطالعة، بدليل أن في الدور الأول، حصل نشاط الطلبة على 72٪ وفي الدور الثاني حصل على 100٪ من 25 طالبًا. 2) استراتيجية التعلم الجماعي قادرة على رفع نتائج تعلم الطلبة، بدليل أن في الدور الأول حصلت نتيجة تعلم الطلبة على معدل النتيجة  66.88 من 25 طالبًا. وأما في الدور الثاني فنتيجة تعلم الطلبة حصلت على معدل النتيجة 88.08 من 25 طالبًا. انطلاقا من هذه النتيجة، يرجى لمهتمي تعليم هذه اللغة الشريفة عامة ولهذه المدرسة خاصة أن يهتموا اهتماما كبيرا بتنفيذ الاستراتيجيات الفعالة، إحداها استراتيجية التعلم الجماعي  في تعليم اللغة العربية حتى يرتقي نشاط الطلبة ونتائجهم.الكلمة المفتاحية : استراتيجية التعلم الجماعي; تعليم اللغة العربية; الاستراتيجيات الفعالة في  تعليم اللغة العربية
Relación entre el índice urémico y la función renal en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica y en personas sanas
Authors: Cruz Llanos Luis Enrique , Cieza Zevallos Javier Antonio
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre el índice urémico (IU) y la función renal medida por el aclaramiento de creatinina (ClCr) en personas sanas y en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC); asimismo, comparar con la función renal extrapolada según la creatinina sérica y la calculada por algunas fórmulas recomendadas en la literatura internacional. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, de correlación, analítico y observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes atendidos de forma ambulatoria en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú entre junio del 2018 y junio del 2019. Se realizó correlación de Pearson entre el IU y el ClCr; para la comparación de las medias del IU, creatinina sérica y las fórmulas estandarizadas en función al ClCr estratificado se utilizó el test de ANOVA y el eta cuadrado. Resultados: El IU de la población fue 4,37 ± 4,99 mg/dl y presentó correlación lineal cuadrática estadísticamente significativa con el ClCr (r=-0,74, p=0,000). Asimismo, el IU y el Log IU mostraron un valor predictivo del ClCr superior a la creatinina sérica y a las diversas fórmulas recomendadas en la literatura. El IU presentó correlación significativa con el potasio sérico y su fracción excretoria de forma relevante en comparación con la creatinina sérica. Conclusiones: El IU es un indicador del estado metabólico y nutricional que refleja el ClCr con una precisión estadísticamente significativa en la persona sana y en el paciente con distintos grados de ERC. Además, traduce aspectos relevantes de la función tubular renal.
Enhancing Competitive Capabilities of Healthcare SCM through the Blockchain: Big Data Business Model’s Viewpoint
Authors: Jung Dae Hyun
Published: January 2022

This study emphasizes the necessity of introducing a blockchain-based joint logistics system to strengthen the competency of medical supply chain management (SCM) and tries to develop a healthcare supply chain management (HSCM) competency measurement item through an analytic hierarchy process. The variables needed for using blockchain-based joint logistics are the performance expectations, effort expectations, promotion conditions, and social impact of the UTAUT model, and the HSCM competency results in increased reliability and transparency, enhanced SCM, and enhanced scalability. Word cloud results, analyzing the most important considerations to realize work efficiency among medical industry-related agencies, mentioned numerous words, including sudden situations, delivery, technology trust, information sharing, effectiveness, urgency, etc. This might imply the need to establish a system that can respond immediately to emergency situations during holidays. It could also suggest the importance of real-time information sharing to increase the efficiency of inventory management. Therefore, there is a need of a business model that can increase the visibility of real-time medical SCM through big data analysis. By analyzing the importance of securing reliability based on the blockchain technology in the establishment of a supply chain network for HSCM competency, we reveal that joint logistics can be achieved and synergistic effects can be created by implementing the integrated database to secure HSCM competency. Strengthening partnerships, such as joint logistics, will eventually lead to HSCM competency. In particular, HSCM should seek ways to upgrade its competitive capabilities through big data analysis based on the establishment of a joint logistics system.
NF-κB Signaling and Inflammation – Drug Repurposing to Treat Inflammatory Disorders?
Authors: Roberti Annabell , Chaffey Laura Elizabeth , Greaves David R
Published: January 2022

NF-κB is a central mediator of inflammation, response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. As a result of its central role in so many important cellular processes, NF-κB dysregulation has been implicated in the pathology of important human diseases. NF-κB activation causes inappropriate inflammatory responses in diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, modulation of NF-κB signaling is being widely investigated as an approach to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity and cancer. The emergence of COVID-19 in late 2019, the subsequent pandemic and the huge clinical burden of patients with life-threatening SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia led to a massive scramble to repurpose existing medicines to treat lung inflammation in a wide range of healthcare systems. These efforts continue and these efforts continue to be con-troversial. Drug repurposing strategies are a promising alternative to de-novo drug development, as they minimize drug development timelines and reduce the risk of failure due to unexpected side effects. Different experimental approaches have been applied to identify existing medicines which inhibit NF-κB that could be repurposed as anti-inflammatory drugs.