bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of retrofitting methods on nursing faculty building of Andalas University with concrete jacketing and shear wall systems
Authors: Fauzan  , Anas Ismail Febrin , Dezardo Oswin , Al Jauhari Zev
Published: August 2018

The Nursing Faculty building is one of the buildings that fulfill the administrative eligibility in Andalas University, Padang - Indonesia, which was designed by a building design consultant based on the Indonesian standard code. During the building construction, the concrete quality was found to not to be in accordance with the designed concrete quality and construction was terminated by the owner. A structural evaluation of the building is carried out based on the Indonesia seismic code SNI 2847:2012. The results show that the building is not strong enough to withstand the combination of the loads acting on the structure, especially an earthquake load. Two methods were proposed to retrofit the building; by increasing the dimensions of the cross-section and add reinforcement to the structural elements (jacketing) and by adding some structural wall at the site of the plan with the aim to rigidify the building (shear wall). It is found that the two retrofitting methods are effective in reducing the internal forces and displacement on the building structures and the building is capable of resisting the working loads. Comparing the two retrofitting methods, the concrete jacketing column is more cost-effective than the shear wall method.
Seismic performance of four-storey masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame building
Authors: Ratna Hapsari Isyana , Sangadji Senot , Adi Kristiawan Stefanus
Published: August 2018

Masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames are a structural system commonly used for low-to-mid-rise buildings. Generally, this type of structure is modelled as an open frame neglecting the strength and stiffness contribution of the masonry infilled panel. In order to describe realistic behaviour under lateral loading, this paper evaluates the seismic performance of the building by modelling the contribution of masonry as a compression strut acting diagonally in the panel. The non-linear static procedure is employed by subjecting the building to pushover loads. The performance of the building is then analysed based on the obtained capacity curve. Seismic performance is assessed in terms of building fragility which is the conditional probability of exceeding certain damage state for a given ground shaking intensity. Fragility functions eventually are expressed as series of log-normal curves of both the open and masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame. Based on this study, the infilled frame can resist a maximum load of 20.3x103kN, while the open frame is only able to withstand a maximum load of 15.2x103kN. From the fragility curve, it can be concluded that the probability of the infilled frame to reach a certain damage state is lower than that of the open frame.
A structural performance evaluation of vertical housing model due to the increased seismic loads in Semarang, Indonesia using a pushover analysis
Authors: Widyaningrum Arnie , Haryanto Yanuar , Intang Setyo Hermanto Nor
Published: August 2018

The substantial increase in design response spectrum is resulted from the Indonesian seismic regulation changes, which occur in Semarang as well, either for hard, medium or soft site class. The increased design response spectrum is linear to the increased seismic loads, which may influence the structural performance of buildings in Semarang. We have conducted a study on the influence of increased seismic loads on the performance of an irregular ten-story vertical housing model of medium site class in Semarang, Indonesia. The study is conducted using a pushover analysis. We find that the increased seismic loads in Semarang has resulted in the increased base shear force and structural drift of the analysed vertical housing model. The base shear force increases by 68.96% in X direction and 66.63% in Y direction, while the structural drift ratio increases by 81.25% in X direction and 82.64% in Y direction. However, the structural performance remains at Immediate Occupancy, which refers to a condition of post-earthquake damage where the building is still regarded as safe to live in.
Dynamic bayesian updating approach for predicting bridge condition based on Indonesia-bridge management system (I-BMS)
Authors: Widodo Soetjipto Jojok , Joko Wahyu Adi Tri , Anwar Nadjadji
Published: August 2018

Bridges are one of the most important infrastructures which support the transportation system. It requires continuous monitoring to keep its condition and functionality. Bridge monitoring is used to support the maintenance strategy in order to prevent deterioration and sudden failure. This paper aims to propose a probabilistic prediction model of bridge conditions based on the Dynamic Bayesian Updating Approach. Around 3.166 data of bridges in Indonesia were collected from the Directorate of Bridges of the Ministry of Public Works and Housing for calculating the conditional probability table (CPT) of the model. A medium-span concrete bridge was used as a case study to validate the proposed model. The results show that the proposed model can predict the condition of the bridge accurately. It also can be used as an early warning system in order to prevent disasters due to technology failure.
Influence of shape modification and stirrups on the axial capacity of concrete columns
Authors: Bagus Rai Widiarsa Ida , Bagus Dharma Giri Ida
Published: August 2018

Columns as an important element of building structures support loads that work on slabs and beams and deliver the loads to the foundation. Concrete columns can experience strength degradation due to several reasons such as having less concrete strength than designed due to construction error or environmental damage. To restore the strength capacity of the columns, rehabilitation or retrofitting methods with steel plates or Fibre-Reinforced-Polymer (FRP) sheets are generally applied. This method is effective if the shape of the column is rounded. However, the shape of the column in the field is commonly rectangular or squared. Moreover, retrofitting using FRP is very expensive. Based on this background, this study examined the effect of shape modification and stirrup on the axial capacity of concrete columns. A total of 12 specimens of concrete columns were cast and tested. The specimens were grouped into 4, with variations in shape and stirrup spacing. The experimental results showed that the shape modification increased the axial capacity of the concrete column. Shape modification and addition of stirrups at the same time increased the axial capacity of the concrete columns more significantly. Furthermore, the shape modification and addition of stirrups improved the performance of the columns.
The study of ultrasonic pulse velocity on plain and reinforced damaged concrete
Authors: Kencanawati Ni Nyoman , Akmaluddin  , Anshari Buan , Gazi Paedullah Ahmad , Shigeishi Mitsuhiro
Published: August 2018

An ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test is often applied to determine the quality of concrete structures. It is well known that there are several factors which can influence the reading of ultrasonic velocity in concrete. One of the factors is the presence of steel reinforcement. Therefore, this paper is intended to evaluate the ultrasonic pulse velocity propagation either in plain or reinforced damaged concrete. A study on sound concrete is also provided as a comparison. Three mixes of concrete were provided, with 25 MPa, 35 MPa, and 45 MPa target compressive strengths. The specimens were 200x200x200 mm cube concrete specimens and 100x150x1100 mm reinforced concrete beam specimens. Each specimen was examined for velocity readings in sound and damaged concrete (25% and 50% of maximum load). In all concrete grades of both plain and reinforced concrete, the ultrasonic velocity decreases as the damage level increases. During intact conditions, the velocity of reinforced concrete is around 4.5% higher than that of plain concrete. However, damaged reinforced concrete has a lower velocity than plain damaged concrete. Furthermore, a new equation for predicting ultrasonic pulse velocity in reinforced concrete is proposed.
Analysis of steel reinforced functionally graded concrete beam cross sections
Authors: Kiryu Shota , Han Ay Lie , Nurhuda Ilham , Gan Buntara S.
Published: August 2018

Owing to continuously changing strength moduli properties, functionally graded concrete (FGC) has remarkable advantages over the traditional homogeneous concrete materials regarding cement optimization. Some researchers have studied mechanical behaviors and production methodologies. Problems arise as to how to incorporate the effects of the non-homogeneity of concrete strengths in the analysis for design. For a steel Reinforced Functionally Graded Concrete (RFGC) beam structure, the associated boundary conditions at both ends have to be at the neutral axis position after the occurrence of the presumed cracks. Because the neutral axis is no longer at the mid-plane of the beam crosssection, an iterative procedure has to be implemented. The procedure is somewhat complicated since the strength of the beam cross section has to be integrated due to the non-homogeneity in concrete strengths. This paper proposes an analytical procedure that is very straightforward and simple in concept, but accurate in designing the steel reinforced functionally graded concrete beam cross-sections.
Comprehensive condition assessment program on the fire damaged structure - a project case in Singapore
Authors: Budi Wijaya Gunawan
Published: August 2018

A fire damaged structure at the eastern part of Singapore was assessed. Some concrete spalling exposing corroded steel reinforcements were noted on the post tensioned concrete beam and reinforced concrete slab, raising a concern about the structural integrity of the overall floor. A comprehensive condition assessment was performed on the affected structural elements to determine the extent of the damage, which included some on-site destructive and non-destructive tests as well as some laboratory testing on the collected concrete and steel samples. Testing data revealed that the concrete was still in consistently good condition with the average residual compressive strength of 36.51MPa. Petrographic examinations suggested that the top 5mm of the concrete surface might be exposed to a temperature not more than 450o C. The steel reinforcement and post tension strands were found to be still in good condition as well. The findings of this assessment will then be used for further structural assessment to determine the most effective structural rehabilitation program.
Method of removing secondary compression on clay using preloading
Authors: Dhianty Ega , B. Mochtar Indrasurya
Published: August 2018

Due to external loads, the soft soil will undergo a large compression of both primary and secondary compression. With soil improvement using prefabricated vertical drain (PVD), the time of primary compression becomes shorter so that secondary compression occurs in short time. There has been little research on how to remove secondary compression. Therefore, further investigation of behaviour and method of removing secondary compression is necessary. This research was conducted based on an experimental study of clay consolidation test with a variation of loading time in the laboratory. The results show that there is an empirical correlation among the secondary compression index (Cα’), the initial void ratio (e0), the void ratio at the end of primary consolidation (ep), and the effective consolidation stress (P’). The correlations obtained from this study are Cα’ = (0.0072e0 - 0.0067)P’ and Cα’ = (0.0077ep - 0.006)P’. The greater the effective consolidation stress is, the greater the secondary compression index will become. Therefore, in soil improvement secondary compression can be removed by giving an extra load (Δq) that causes additional compression to the primary consolidation where the magnitude equals to the expected secondary compression. Then, this Δq could be removed at the end of the primary consolidation.
Application of woven waste tires gabion wall as slope reinforcement for preventing landslide in laboratory
Authors: Apriyono Arwan , Sumiyanto  , Yanto  , Arif Hidayat Bogie
Published: August 2018

This study presents the application of woven waste tires as slope reinforcement for preventing slope failure, reducing construction costs and minimizing environmental hazards associated with the increasingly large amount of waste tires in Indonesia. To this end, we performed laboratory experiments using five stripe distance variations of woven tires - i.e. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 cm as ribs of a gabion wall. Five gabion wall samples sized 50 cm x 50 cm x 25 cm each were made. Each sample was fastened using one of these woven tires. A loading test was conducted on each gabion wall sample and the strength was determined from the maximum capacity before failure. The correlation between the gabion wall strength and strip distance - boulder diameter ratio was used to infer the most effective model. The result suggests that the strip distance - boulder diameter ratio of 0.4 is optimum with a corresponding strength value of 1718 kg.
The effect of cement stabilization on the strength of the Bawen’s siltstone
Authors: Hartono Edi , Prabandiyani Retno Wardani Sri , Setyo Muntohar Agus
Published: August 2018

Siltstones are predominantly found along the Bawen toll-road. Siltstone is degradable soil due to weather session. The soil is susceptible to the drying and wetting and the changes in moisture content. Thus, Siltstone is problematic soils in its bearing capacity when served as a subgrade or subbase. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cement stabilization on the strength of Siltstone. The primary laboratory test to evaluate the strength was Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The cement content was varied from 2 to 12 per cent by weight of the dry soil. The soils were collected from the Ungaran - Bawen toll road. The specimens were tested after seven days of moist-curing in controlled temperature room of 25°C. The CBR test was performed after soaking under water for four days to observe the swelling. The results show that the mudstones were less swelling after soaking. Cement-stabilized siltstone increased the CBR value and the UCS significantly. The addition of optimum cement content for siltstone stabilization was about 7 to 10 per cent.
Peak ground acceleration at surface for Mataram city with a return period of 2500 years using probabilistic method
Authors: Mahendra Taruna Rian , Haris Banyunegoro Vrieslend , Daniarsyad Gatut
Published: August 2018

The Lombok region especially Mataram city, is situated in a very active seismic zone because of the existence of subduction zones and the Flores back arc thrust. Hence, the peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the surface is necessary for seismic design regulation referring to SNI 1726:2012. In this research we conduct a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis to estimate the PGA at the bedrock with a 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years corresponding to the return period of 2500 years. These results are then multiplied by the amplification factor referred from shear wave velocity at 30 m depth (Vs30) and the microtremor method. The result of the analysis may describe the seismic hazard in Mataram city which is important for building codes.
Stability evaluation of Sermo dam, Yogyakarta, using two components acceleration time histories causes by Java subduction earthquake scenarios
Authors: Partono Windu , Cita Sari Undayani
Published: August 2018

Dam assessment under a specific earthquake event is one of the most important approaches to dam evaluation. The assessments are usually performed by running two different models of seismic loads: spectral acceleration and acceleration time histories. The first model is implemented using seismic load information developed from a national code. The second approach is implemented using earthquake scenarios by conducting acceleration time histories. The National Center for Earthquake Studies 2017 suggested that a shallow crustal fault and subduction are the two most dangerous seismic sources of Yogyakarta Province. This paper presents an evaluation of Sermo dam in terms of dam displacement and peak ground acceleration (PGA) under the Java subduction source earthquake scenarios. The evaluation was performed by conducting twocomponent (north-south and east-west directions) acceleration time histories from Java subduction seismic sources. Due to incomplete data, all acceleration time histories used in this study were collected and modified from worldwide earthquake data bases. Based on the average displacement and PGA values it can be predicted that Sermo dam is strong enough to resist an earthquake with a maximum magnitude of 8.4 Mw and minimum epicentre distance of approximately 160 Km caused by the Java subduction source.
Design and optimization of a rubber-bitumen blend in preparation for a rubberized-asphalt road trial in the state of Kuwait
Authors: Zoorob Salah E. , Al-Bahar Suad K. , Al-Otaibi Saud F.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, test results are presented from laboratory trials of blending discarded tire derived crumb rubber with 60/70pen grade Kuwaiti bitumen. The virgin bitumen, in addition to 15% and 18% crumb rubber blends were tested for PG grading and multiple stress creep recovery at temperatures in the range from 40°C to 70°C. Elastic recovery and nonrecoverable creep compliance showed optimum performance at 18% rubber content. The optimized rubberized-bitumen blend was next converted into a pelletized form which was then used as a partial substitute to the conventional bitumen in the manufacture of continuously graded hot mix asphalts at various binder contents. The rubberized-bitumen pellet contents trialed were 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5% by mass of mix. The Marshall method of mix design was used to assess the various mixes and the overall volumetric, stability and flow results, though satisfactory, was not entirely sufficient to aid in the selection of the best performing formulation.
Data mining applied for national road maintenance decision support system
Authors: Irfan Rifai Andri , Handayani Susanty , Al Rasyid Ronal
Published: August 2018

National roads are one of the main networks of a country’s transportation system. To maintain the performance level of national roads requires a well-structured pavement management system (PMS). The decision support system (DSS) is inseparable in the modern PMS, which required the development of a new approach for the DSS in support of national road network maintenance. The proposed model integrates data mining (DM) and geographical information system (GIS) to construct a simple DSS. DM is used to developed road maintenance optimization models, and then integrated with DSS with the help of GIS as an interface application. Historical data on the national road network in West Java, Indonesia is used as a case study. Examples show that the proposed model can determine a decision support solution efficiently. In addition, a userfriendly computer interface is developed so that PMS stakeholders can plan pavement maintenance simply and effectively.
Analysis of signalized intersection performance using IHCM 1997 method and PTV Vistro software
Authors: Yulianto Budi , Setiono  , Bani Setiawan Adventaras , Radite Wijaya Putra Dyan
Published: August 2018

Brigjend Slamet Riyadi road is the main city road serving the traffic of Surakarta City. It is located in the Central Business District so that many vehicles pass through this road. The relatively high traffic volume in Brigjend Slamet Riyadi affects the signalized intersections performance along this road. This study analyses the performance of signalized intersections along the Brigjend Slamet Riyadi road by using the IHCM 1997 method and PTV Vistro software. The IHCM 1997 method is a traffic modelling method based on empirical Indonesian traffic conditions. PTV Vistro is traffic modelling software based on empirical United States America traffic conditions. Analysis of the signalized intersections performance results using both approaches is compared with the field data. Calibration and validation of models is carried out to see the similarity of traffic performance results between models with field data. In general, the IHCM 1997 method produces vehicle queue length closer to field data than the PTV Vistro software. The IHCM 1997 method tends to produce lower degree of saturation, vehicle delay and level of service than the PTV Vistro software.
Correlation analysis between speed bump dimensions and motorcycle speed in residential areas
Authors: Purnomo A RA Dinasty , Handayani Dewi , Syafi’i
Published: August 2018

Speed bumps have been installed by the community on the streets of the Surakarta city residential area in various sizes to reduce the speed of vehicles passing through the street in order to protect citizens. This paper will analyse the correlation between speed bump dimensions and the observed speed of vehicles in the field. This research was conducted by taking samples from streets in residential areas in Surakarta by observing the decrease of effective speed at a distance of 8 meters before the speed bumps. The independent variables of this study are the width and height of speed bumps (cm) and the dependent variable is speed (km/h). Data were analysed using a regression equation. The results showed that the height of speed bumps is the most influential factor to decrease speed in the area before the speed bumps.
Analysis of influencing factors on using rental bikes at shopping tourism sites in Surakarta
Authors: Setyowati Erlin , Handayani Dewi , Syafi’i
Published: August 2018

Surakarta as a tourism city has launched green transportation as a program in the government policy. Bikes as a supporting mode of green transportation has not gotten much attention from users, including tourism sites. Therefore, the aim of this study is to obtain the factors which influence the use of tourism bikes in Surakarta in the form of rental bikes. The location of the study was at several shopping tourism sites in Surakarta, namely Pasar Gede, Pusat Grosir Solo, Beteng Trade Center, and Pasar Klewer. The data was collected using a questionnaire with an interview method to the respondents of the visitors of the shopping sites and analyzed with the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method. The result of the research showed that the weather condition, air pollution, bike track topography, and distance were the main factors which influenced people to use rental bikes in tourism sites of Surakarta.
Application of android-based parking violations reporting system to support green campus program
Authors: Setiono  , Yulianto Budi
Published: August 2018

The use of private vehicles by the academic community of Sebelas Maret University (UNS) is increasing every year. This has resulted in a reduced availability of vehicle parking spaces, thus impacting the emergence of illegal parking and violation of parking rules. In relation to the vision of the UNS rector mission to a green campus policy, it is therefore necessary to make vehicle parking arrangement on the campus area. The aim of study is to conduct parking management and develop a law enforcement parking vehicles system based on internet and android technology. An Android-based parking violation reporting application, called BuSet Parking App is developed. The analysis of vehicle parking characteristics results shows that the parking index value at motorcycles and cars parking areas are above 1.0 at a certain time, thus causing parking violations. The BuSet Parking App records the location and time of the parking violations incident along with the visual evidence of the infringement. This information is connected to the database system to detect offenders and to do the parking law enforcement process. With this technology, sustainable transport efforts by controlling the number of parking vehicles in the campus environment can then be done effectively and efficiently.
The analysis of land use weights on road traces selection
Authors: Indrayani  , Buchari Erika , Putranto Dinar D. A. , Saleh Edward
Published: August 2018

Land use is a basic factor in determining road traces for residential, industrial or other space areas. The existence of spatial layout will affect the class of road, where the construction of new roads should not spoil the existing spatial layout. In swamp areas, land use is more dominated by agriculture, plantations, and forests such as the presence of swamp areas in Banyuasin District [1][2][13]. The development of swamp areas that are currently being upgraded requires road infrastructure, so it is necessary to undertake a study of the selection of road traces based on existing land use, then in order to gain priority of the land use based on the importance level on the selection of road traces opinion from stakeholders is required, so the selection of road traces in swamp areas can be more economical. Data collection was done through questionnaires distributed to respondents from stakeholders related to road and environmental fields, then analysis of the importance level was done using AHP method. From the analysis results the weights of the importance of land use for the selection road traces was obtained, which are namely shrub/bushes (29.99%), plantation (22.79%), rice field (19,74%), settlements (10.48%), forest (9.77%), water body (7.22%).
Reducing carbon emission in construction base on project life cycle (PLC)
Authors: Agung Wibowo Mochamad , Uda Subrata Aditama K. A. , Zhabrinna
Published: August 2018

The construction sector accounts for nearly 40% of global energy annually where 1/3 of it will produce emissions of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere [1]. Carbon Emissions (CO2) are a major cause of the greenhouse effect, for example, that which is produced from the combustion process of fossil fuels. Increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere will lead to rising temperatures trapped in the atmosphere causing global warming. There is a lot of literature on carbon emission (discussions) using multiple analytical approaches, but some are reviewing the Project Life Cycle (PLC) approach. This paper will discuss carbon emission mitigation during the life cycle of a construction project (Project Life Cycle (PLC)). Reduction of carbon emissions can be done during the initiation, design and construction phase of the Project Life Cycle (PLC). This literature study will produce a strategy that can have a significant impact on reducing the amount of carbon occurring in any construction project activity.
Intelligent BIM record model for effective asset management of constructed facility
Authors: Md Aslam Hossain , Ahmad Tarmizi Haron
Published: August 2018

Asset management is a continuous process that runs throughout the lifecycle of a constructed facility. The current practice of asset management is paper-based consisting of manual inspection and proves to be time consuming, tedious, and prone to human error. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been found to be an emerging technology and core of information management for the design, construction, operation and maintenance (O&M) process. Though the usefulness of BIM has been greatly realized in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) industry, its use for O&M, particularly in asset management, is still in its infancy. This research describes a framework of an intelligent BIM record model that can capture all the assets in BIM during the construction of a building facility. All the information necessary for operation and maintenance along with the location would be stored in a database integrating with the BIM. The database library can be interrogated with BIM and serves as a repository of asset management for the built facility. The BIM record model would help to take informed decisions regarding operations, maintenance, servicing, repair and replacement of an asset hence saving labour-intensive asset inventory, time and money, and preventing the wastage of unnecessary tools acquisition.
The development of quality management systems in maintenance and monitoring the process of risk-based repair work in government buildings
Authors: Latief Yusuf , Armyn Machfudiyanto Rossy , Susilo Soepandji Budi , Khairina  , Aldesty Riany
Published: August 2018

Buildings exemplify the social and economic aspects of an environment and provide shelters, space and facilities for human activity. A decent maintenance system is a vital component of all buildings. However, a good maintenance system is not always present in the government buildings of Indonesia. Government buildings require maintenance to extend sustainability, indirectly accomplishing services to the community. Financial planning is issued annually by the government to maintain their buildings, but there is no underlined Quality Management System in this plan. This study aims to develop a Quality Management System in maintenance and monitor the process of repair work in Government Buildings. The methods used in this research are: The Delphi method and risk questionnaire surveys. The risks found in each activity have been analysed descriptively and qualitatively, resulting in responses reflecting the highest of risk. The result was that the risk-based quality management system in maintenance and monitoring process of repair work was successfully applied to improve the performance in the environment of governmental buildings.
The management strategy for government building disposal process in Jakarta
Authors: Mulyadi  , Rarasati Ayomi
Published: August 2018

The feasibility of government buildings, especially offices and schools as public service and social infrastructures, must be well maintained. When the building needs to be majorly rehabilitated, the government sometimes has to combine building demolition and deconstruction processes. In the government asset management cycle, the process starts with erasing the asset from the accountancy system, by selecting a building demolition contractor, then producing a new asset by selecting another builder contractor. In the past few years, the duration of this actual process acquired longer than the planned time. Therefore, this research aims to develop a management strategy in order to improve the government building disposal process. The process of the research started with obtaining the dominant factors that influence the demolition and deconstruction process, and then it is continued by developing the strategy.
The priority of maintaining the reliability of sustainable construction at the Ampel Mosque Surabaya
Authors: Sedayu Agung
Published: August 2018

The Ampel Mosque was founded in 1421 by Raden Mohammad Ali Rahmatullah (Sunan Ampel). The Ampel Mosque is located in Ampel Village, Semampir subdistrict, Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. The Ampel Mosque was built with a Javanese architectural style and nuances of Arabian Islam. The mosque is influenced by the acculturation of local culture (local wisdom) and Hindu-Buddhism as seen in the architecture of the building. This study aims to determine the priority of maintaining the reliability of sustainable construction at the Ampel Mosque. The method used was Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD). The data obtained from the research concluded that the highest demand requirements are the convenience and accessibility levels, in terms of structural components’ maintainability. The highest priority variable to be increased is non-hazardous building materials. The highest target is the guarantee of the design and configuration of nonhazardous construction systems. These variables can be considered in the repair and improvement of the maintenance of the Ampel Mosque by the mosque management institution.
A study on association between tilt angle, solar insolation exposure and output of solar PV panel using BIM 3D modelling
Authors: Adibah Ayuni Abd Malek Nur , Ming Chew Jian , Akmam Naamandadin Nurul , Zaiha Zainol Norrazman , Muhammad Khairunnisa
Published: August 2018

Solar PV has been used extensively in the construction industry as non-renewable energy is not environmentally friendly and is costly. Building Information Modelling (BIM) can incorporate the solar energy application to reduce the dependency of non-renewable energy. This study attempted to propose a model of solar analysis using BIM software on existing buildings at Padang Besar, in terms of best orientation and optimum tilt angle. The finding of July 2017 shows that the ideal orientation of solar panel installation for the building is tilted 10° North and 20° West. Analysis indicated that the higher solar irradiance harvested contributed towards higher generation of power. The use of BIM software incorporating fieldwork data proved to be more convenient compared to the conventional physical method in proposing options for solar panel installation. The finding from the solar analysis of the proposed model indicates that solar insolation exposure on the roof increased by 1.45% compared to the existing roof design. Therefore, it can increase the renewable energy potential in an effective way.
Towards a competitive traditional market through infrastructure performance and redefinition categories: a case in Semarang city
Authors: Hermawan Ferry , Ismiyati Ismiyati , Indarto Himawan
Published: August 2018

The revitalization of the Indonesian Traditional Market has prolonged problems, becoming a never-ending story, particularly in public building standards in the last decade. A competitive traditional market is public need, where the affordable prices and infrastructure are the central consideration. This research aims to figure out the current condition of the Indonesian Traditional Market and the needs of future policy towards a competitive environment of the marketplace in a metropolitan city context. However, Western culture has been mixed into the current management of the Indonesian Traditional Market. The insight of the ideal traditional market for the metropolitan city, as well as Semarang, is the standard from Indonesian public market guidance and a lesson learned from other countries. This research was conducted between 2014-2017. A case study method was applied, using semistructured interviews, document investigation of Detailed Engineering Design (DED) and field observation of registered traditional markets in Semarang. The results will determine the current implementation of Traditional Market standards in Semarang. The infrastructure performance and redefinition category among marketplaces are suggested as a consideration toward the competitive traditional market on public building policy.
Current state mapping of the supply chain in engineering procurement construction (EPC) project: a case study
Authors: Nur Sholeh Moh , Fauziyah Shifa
Published: August 2018

Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) is a construction model that integrated the work between engineering, procurement, and construction. The EPC project is usually applied in petroleum work. One of the important aspects of success key in this project is the supply chain management (SCM). The high level of complexity of work as well as the integration of the construction phase needs to be mapped how the supply chain in this project. This paper used Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method to explain the procurement processes for easier understanding and problem identification. It is illustrated in the procurement process behaviour within a specific period from the total production time. This paper describes a case study performed on EPC 1 Banyu Urip Project. VSM presented real-time data to deliver the processes, material, and any other constraint relevant to the procurement process on EPC projects. Based on a case study on pipe material, the procurement process from upstream to downstream took 21 weeks. It was a waste of time to look for solutions. The recommended solutions use the local vendors, involve suppliers early and provide input into engineering designs, and good communication between supply chain participants.
Mathematical model for prediction of hydrogen pick-up of liquid steel during filling of a continuous casting tundish
Authors: Braga Bernardo M. , Tavares Roberto P.
Published: August 2018

Steels for several applications, such as steel cord for tires and heavy plates, present severe hydrogen restriction in their chemical composition. However, the hydrogen content of the liquid steel usually increases during tundish filling. This phenomenon, known as hydrogen pick-up, occurs due to direct steel contact with humidity present in the lining refractory, ladle sand and atmospheric air. The present work investigated by means of an analytical mathematical model the magnitude of hydrogen pick-up promoted by steel-air interaction. The relative importance of this mechanism was evaluated comparing the predictions with industrial data of hydrogen pick-up for a specific microalloyed steel grade. Results showed that air contamination can contribute to approximately 40% of the total hydrogen pick-up. An appropriate tundish inertization, which eliminates completely the air contamination, would be able to reduce approximately 1.5 ppm from the total hydrogen pick-up that happens during the beginning of the first heat of a sequence. As a consequence, it would be reduced more than 0.20 ppm of the total hydrogen pick-up in 36t of the steel cast.
Formation and stabilization of reverted austenite in supermartensitic stainless steel
Authors: Niessen Frank , Grumsen Flemming Bjerg , Hald John , Somers Marcel Adrianius Johannes
Published: August 2018

The formation and stabilization of reverted austenite upon inter-critical annealing was investigated in a X4CrNiMo16-5-1 (EN 1.4418) supermartensitic stainless steel by means of scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter-diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and dilatometry. The results were supported by thermodynamics and kinetics models, and hardness measurements. Isothermal annealing for 2 h in the temperature range of 475 to 650 °C led to gradual softening of the material which was related to tempering of martensite and the steady increase of the reverted austenite phase fraction. Annealing at higher temperatures led to a gradual increase in hardness which was caused by formation of fresh martensite from reverted austenite. It was demonstrated that stabilization of reverted austenite is primarily based on chemical stabilization by partitioning, consistent with modeling results.
The concept of sphingolipid rheostat in skin: a driving force for new active ingredients in cosmetic applications
Authors: Popa Iuliana
Published: August 2018

Skin is a representative model of the complex metabolism that lipids may trigger. It is known that the biosynthesis of these lipids in mammalian cells generally ensures the cell membranes stability and participates to the signaling function. In the inner layers of the skin, the “de-novo” synthesis is the driving force ensuring proliferation, development and intercellular signaling. To promote stratum corneum formation, lipid catabolism leads to the renewal of ceramides, fatty acids and cholesterol that are responsible for the cohesion of the stratum corneum, its permeability, hydration, moisturization and signalling with the outer skin layers, appendages and inner layers secretion (cytokines, neuropeptides). Some actives applied in local treatments (i.e., peptides, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), ceramides, urea or an aqueous extract of Gromwell) and in oral treatment (i.e., sphingomyelin, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)) promote sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) production by the sphingolipid rheostatviatriggering the salvage process along with autophagy and detoxification in aged skin. This review gives some basis for using the concept of sphingolipid metabolism rheostat in skin as the driving force for the development of new cosmetic actives ingredients or for repositioning the benefits of other actives for the skin.
Étude du recrutement de patients dans un programme d’éducation thérapeutique du patient atteint de polyarthrite rhumatoïde
Authors: Cohen Jean-David , Combe Bernard , Tropé Sonia
Published: August 2018

Introduction : L’Éducation Thérapeutique du Patient fait partie intégrante de la prise en charge du patient. Pourtant, un programme dédié à la polyarthrite rhumatoïde rencontre des difficultés de recrutement.Objectif : L’objectif principal de l’étude était d’analyser le recrutement et secondairement d’identifier des facteurs influençant la décision des patients. Méthodes : L’analyse réalisée sur 6 mois a recueilli le nombre de patients hospitalisés dans les différents secteurs du département de rhumatologie, le nombre de patients informés, leur décision, les données démographiques, professionnelles, géographiques, médicales, le statut professionnel des informateurs.Résultats : 10,2 % de la file active ont été informés et 7,4 % inclus au programme avec une capacité d’information variable selon les secteurs et les professions des informateurs. 27,5 % des patients informés ont refusé de participer. La situation géographique et le secteur hospitalier dans lequel l’information est donnée pourraient avoir un impact sur la décision du patient.Discussion : Les résultats montrent une carence dans l’information. Le manque d’implication des professionnels de santé interroge sur les freins à l’application des textes législatifs. Il apparaît essentiel de les sensibiliser à diffuser l’offre éducative en étant attentif à la qualité du discours et aux conditions favorables dans lesquelles l’information est donnée.Conclusion : Le déploiement de l’ETP faisant évoluer les professionnels de santé et leur formation, les programmes disponibles toujours plus nombreux, permettront que tout patient puisse avoir connaissance de l’offre éducative qui le concerne et choisir d’en bénéficier ou pas.
Metabolic and Performance Responses to Sprint Exercise under Hypoxia among Female Athletes
Authors: Kasai Nobukazu , Kojima Chihiro , Goto Kazushige
Published: August 2018

The present study determined metabolic and performance responses to repeated sprint exercise under hypoxia among female team-sport athletes. Fifteen female athletes (age, 20.7±0.2 years; height, 159.6±1.7 cm; body weight, 55.3±1.4 kg) performed two exercise trials under either a hypoxic [HYPO; fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), 14.5%] or normoxic (NOR; FiO2, 20.9%) condition. The exercise consisted of two sets of 8×6-s maximal sprint (pedaling). The average power output was not significantly different between trials for set 1 (P=0.89), but tended to be higher in the NOR trial for set 2 (P=0.05). The post-exercise blood lactate concentrations were significantly higher in the HYPO trial than that in the NOR trial (P<0.05). Exercise significantly increased serum growth hormone (GH) and cortisol concentrations (P<0.01 for both hormones), with no difference between the trials. In conclusion, repeated short-duration sprints interspaced with 30-s recovery periods in moderate hypoxia caused further increase in blood lactate compared with the same exercise under normoxic conditions among female team-sport athletes. However, exercise-induced GH and cortisol elevations or power output during exercise were not markedly different regardless of the different levels of inspired oxygen.
Pre-season Fitness Level and Injury Rate in Professional Soccer – A Prospective Study
Authors: Eliakim Eyal , Doron Ofer , Meckel Yoav , Nemet Dan , Eliakim Alon
Published: August 2018

The aim of the present study was to assess prospectively the effect of pre-season fitness on injury rate during the competitive season among professional soccer players. Thirty-one players participated in the study during two consecutive competitive seasons (2015–16 and 2016–17; a squad of 22 players in each season). During the 6-week pre-season training period (8 training sessions and a friendly match every week, 14–18 training hours/week) there was a significant improvement in VO2 max, a significant increase in ideal and total sprint time and no change in vertical jump, flexibility and repeated sprint-test performance decrement. During the two consecutive seasons, 28 injuries were recorded. Ten injuries were classified as mild (missing 3–7 days of practice/match), 8 as moderate (missing 8–28 days) and 10 as severe (missing >28 days). The rate of match injuries was higher (9.4 per 1000 match hours) compared to practice injuries (4.7 per 1000 training hours). Most injuries were overuse injuries (72%) of the lower limbs (71%). Most of match injuries occurred during the last 15 min of each half. There were no differences in fitness characteristics in the beginning of pre-season training between injured and non-injured players. However, improvements in VO2 max during the pre-season training period were significantly lower among injured players (0.9±5.5%) compared to non-injured players (10.4±6.5%, p<0.05). Our results emphasize the importance of pre-season training in professional soccer players not only for improvement in fitness but also for injury prevention during the following competitive season.
Minimalinvasive Operation von Nebennierentumoren
Authors: Fendrich Volker , Knecht Mathias
Published: August 2018

Minimal invasive surgical methods are gold standard at the resection of adrenal tumors. Special medical care units provide laparoscopical and retroperitoneoscopical techniques. This review gives an overview about indication of minimal invasive adrenalectomy, technical implementation, perioperative management and generic surgery-associated complications.
Inzidenz und prädiktive Faktoren des bilateralen papillären Schilddrüsenkarzinoms
Authors: Jo Peter , Kesruek Hatice , Nietert Manuel , Sahlmann Carsten , Gaedcke Jochen , Ghadimi Michael , Sperling Jens
Published: August 2018

Hintergrund Nach Diagnose eines papillären Schilddrüsenkarzinoms (PTC) mit einer Primärtumorgröße von ≥ 10 mm und < 10 mm wird, vor dem Hintergrund eines möglichen bilateralen Tumorbefalls, das Konzept der weiteren chirurgischen Therapie nach wie vor kontrovers diskutiert. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Inzidenz sowie prädiktive Faktoren für das Vorhandensein eines bilateralen papillären Schilddrüsenkarzinoms hinsichtlich der Auswahl einer optimalen chirurgischen Therapie zu identifizieren.

Material und Methoden Anhand einer retrospektiven Datenbank wurden bei 123 Patienten mit einem PTC, die entweder primär eine totale Thyreoidektomie oder eine Komplettierungsoperation nach Hemithyreoidektomie erhielten, die Parameter Tumorgröße, histopathologische Charakteristika, Multifokalität sowie Lymphknotenmetastasierung mit dem Vorhandensein eines bilateralen Tumorbefalls für die Primärtumorgrößen ≥ 10 mm und < 10 mm sowie ≥ 7 mm und < 7 mm korreliert.

Ergebnisse Im gesamten Patientenkollektiv zeigte sich in 26 Fällen ein bilaterales PTC. Dieses war signifikant häufiger, wenn die Primärtumorgröße ≥ 10 mm betrug (77%). Im Vergleich dazu boten Patienten mit einer Primärtumorgröße von < 10 mm nur in 23% der Fälle ein bilaterales PTC (p = 0,004). Die Multifokalität des Primärtumors erwies sich hierbei als positiver prädiktiver Faktor für ein bilaterales PTC (p = 5,022e-18). Bei bilateralem Nachweis eines PTCs zeigte sich ein Trend für das Auftreten von metachronen Lymphknotenmetastasen (p = 0,0691). Darüber hinaus konnten in den Analysen bezogen auf eine Primärtumorgröße von ≥ 7 mm und < 7 mm die oben genannten Ergebnisse reproduziert werden.

Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende retrospektive Datenanalyse zeigt, dass eine Primärtumorgröße von ≥ 10 mm mit einem signifikant häufigeren bilateralen Tumorbefall korreliert. Multifokalität erwies sich als positiver prädiktiver Faktor für das Vorhandensein eines bilateralen PTCs. Bei Nachweis eines multifokalen PTCs, auch bei Primärtumorgrößen < 10 mm, sollte demnach eine primäre totale Thyreoidektomie bzw. eine Komplettierungsoperation als chirurgisches Therapieverfahren erwogen werden. Bei Multifokalität und nicht erfolgter Komplettierungsoperation ist eine engmaschige Nachsorge notwendig, um frühzeitig einen bilateralen Tumorbefall oder Lymphknotenmetastasen detektieren zu können.