bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Application of GMP and SSOP in Efforts to Improve Food Safety in SMES Processed Shredded Milkfish Bunda Juminah Food in Cipadung Kidul Village, Bandung City
Authors: Kurniawan Ervira Octaviola , Pratama Rusky Intan , Rosidah . , Rostini Iis
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the quality control of food safety with the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP) systems in  Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) processed from milkfish shredded Bunda Juminah Food and compare it with the Regulation of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and  Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17/PERMEN-KP/ 2019 so that it can  provide recommendations for improvement in efforts to improve food safety. This research uses a case study method, the discussion is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The parameters observed in this research include the Total Plate Count (TPC) test, water content  test, and protein content test. The data obtained from this research were analyzed descriptively comparatively. The results of the research show that the application of GMP and SSOP in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Bunda Juminah Food is not in accordance with the standards set in the aspect of raw material selection. The implementation of SSOP in  Bunda Juminah Food UKM is also not in accordance with the standards set in the aspect of preventing cross contamination, employee health and hygiene conditions, and controlling nuisance animals. Based on the results of the Total Plate Count (TPC) test, water content and protein content tests, Bunda Juminah Food's shredded milkfish products meet Indonesian National Standards.
Analysis of Productivity and Profitability of Sweet Corn + Cowpea Intercropping under Rainfed Condition in NCPZ of Odisha
Authors: Ray M. , Roul P. K. , Behera B. , Sahoo K. C. , Mishra N. , Das S.
Published: August 2022

A field experiment on "Planting pattern and nutrient management in rainfed sweet corn + cowpea system" was conducted during the kharif 2019-20 and 2020-21 at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Keonjhar, Odisha. The experiment was laid down in Split plot design with three replications. The experiment was conducted to identify the suitable planting pattern and effect of nutrient management practices for enhancing production potentials of Sweet corn+ Cowpea. The treatments taken in this experiment consists of planting pattern with 3 levels i.e P1 : Sweet corn +Cowpea (1:1) in alternate rows, P2 : Sweet corn +Cowpea (2:2) in alternate paired rows and P3 : Sweet corn +Cowpea (1:1) in the same row and nutrient management practices with seven levels i.e. F1- STBFR to Sweet Corn , F2- Proportionate of STBFR of (Sweet Corn + Cowpea) based on population, F3- STBFR to Sweet Corn + Consortia biofertilizer , F4- 75% STBFR to Sweet Corn + STBFR to Cowpea based on population, F5- 50% STBFR of Sweet Corn + STBFR to Cowpea based on population, F6- 75% STBFR of Sweet Corn + STBFR to Cowpea based on population + Consortia biofertilizer, F7- 50% STBFR of Sweet Corn + STBFR to Cowpea based on population + Consortia biofertilizer. Sweet corn variety 'Sugar 75' and Cowpea variety 'Kashi kanchan' were used as test crops. Observations on yield and yield parameters were recorded before and at harvest. The yield and yield parameters measured in the form of cobs per plant, cob length with husk, cob girth with husk , no of seed rows per cob, cob weight, green cob yield, fresh kernel yield, green fodder yield and harvest index in case of sweet corn and pods per plant, pod length, weight of pod, weight of green pod per plant, fresh pod yield, dry pod yield and dry haulm yield in case of cowpea were recorded. Planting of sweet corn + cowpea (2:2) in alternate paired rows(P2) with application of 75% STBFR of Sweet Corn + STBFR to Cowpea based on population + Consortia bio fertilizer to the maize + cowpea crop (F6) followed by STBFR of sweet corn and cowpea (F2) was superior in terms of both yield and yield parameters.
Clinical Characteristics and Etiology of Chronic Liver Disease among Egyptian Patients in Nile Delta: A Clinical Study
Authors: Abd-Elrazek Mortada M. , El-Gharabawy Nashwa M. , Atlam Samir A. , Gabr Mamdouh A.
Published: August 2022

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is an extremely common clinical condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality and was responsible for 1.3 million deaths worldwide. There had been a 46% increase in CLD mortality in the world between 1980 and 2013 and most of this increase has been reported in low-income countries in Asia and Africa including Egypt. These countries are experiencing a demographic and epidemiologic transition in disease burden and Egypt is one of the epicenters of this change. Previously, CLD in Egypt was traditionally attributed to schistosomiasis mainly in the region of the Nile Delta until the mid-1980s.

Aims: To capture the modes of clinical presentation and at which stage CLD patients seek clinical care, as well as the dramatic change in the etiological profile of CLD in this area of the Nile Delta

Methods: 1013 newly diagnosed CLD patients were selected and identified from the Tanta Liver Center (TLC) across the middle of the Nile Delta. After informed or written consent, all consecutive patients (18 years and above) referred to TLC with suspected or overt chronic liver disease were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination searching for stigmata of chronic liver disease, and laboratory studies including urine, blood sugar, liver biochemical tests (bilirubin, ALT, AST& serum albumin), prothrombin, viral markers (HCV Ab & HBS Ag) and AFP. Imaging studies including the abdominal US for all patients and triphasic CT and liver biopsy in selected patients.

Results: About 50% of our CLD patients present at a relatively advanced stage of decompensated cirrhosis (ascites in 39.2%, bleeding in 22.8%, and HCC in 9.3%).

CLD patients of schistosomal etiology presented mainly with manifestations of portal hypertension (splenomegaly, UGI Bleed & thrombocytopenia) that was significantly higher than the other 2 groups.

The vast majority of our CLD patients (83.5%) have viral etiology, while only 11.1% have schistosomal etiology and the remaining 5.4% have non-identified etiology.

Conclusion: based on the results of the present study, it is evident that HCV had replaced schistosomiasis as the predominant cause of CLD in Egypt particularly in the region of the Nile Delta. The late presentation of a good percentage of our CLD patients raises the importance of screening programs for CLD in this endemic area of the Nile Delta.
Outcome of Germ Cell Tumors in Children after Surgical Management; A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sumaira . , Qureshi Mumtaz Ahmed , Perveen Shazia , Mahtam Ishrat , Imam Uzma , Chohan Muhammad Nadeem
Published: August 2022

Aim: To assess the outcome of germ cell tumors in children after surgical management.

Study Design: A longitudinal study.

Place and duration: Pediatric surgery and oncology department of the national institute of child health Karachi from January 2017 to December 2018.

Methodology: A total of 79 children between the ages of 0 to 12 years were included in the study. Baseline, ultrasound, CT scan, tumor markers, and biopsy for tissue diagnosis were done. After surgical excision, they were followed up for 12 months with tumor markers, ultrasound and CT Scans for any recurrence. We just observed patients with mature teratoma and did surveillance for immature variety. The rest of the subtypes received JEB chemotherapy (carboplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin) as per UK-based chemotherapy protocol according to their disease stage.

Results: Most common age of presentation was < 1 month old. The antenatal diagnosis was made in 2 (2.5%) children. Sacrococcygeal region 54 (68.3%) was the most commonly involved region followed by gonads in 17 (21.5%) cases. According to histology mature teratoma was present in 32 (40.5%) children. Complete resection was done in 52 (65.8%) children. Recurrence occurred in one child and 3 children expired.

Conclusion: In the current study, the general outcome was good in terms of complete excision in most of the patients. Worst outcome noted in yolk sac tumor. There was a minimal recurrence rate.
Distribution Rate of Chlamydial Infection According to Demographic Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Clinics in Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Jakheng Shango Patience Emmanuel , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Abdullahi I. O. , Jakheng Emmanuel William , Chukwueze Chidimma Maureen , Eze Gloria Chizoba , Essien Unyime Cosmas , Madekwe Chika Chizitelu , Madekwe Chinelo Chioma , Vidya S. , Kumar Sunil
Published: August 2022

Chlamydia trachomatis also known as the “Silent Epidemic” is a major threat to the reproductive health of women. This study was aimed at determining the seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis based one demographic factors among women attending clinics in Zaria metropolis, Kaduna State. Each participant completed a researcher-devised questionnaire and quasi design was used in the selection of hospitals. Subsequently about 5mls of peripheral blood for serological analysis was obtained after informed consent. Presence of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis was determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect IgG and screening for HIV was also done using Determine® HIV 1/2 as well as Uni-GoldTM HIV Test Kits. Out of the two hundred and seventy (270) samples collected, 32(11.9%) were positive for Chlamydia trachomatis IgG, 7(2.6%). Chlamydial infection was found to be significantly associated with level of education. There was no significant association between chlamydial infection and occupation, subjects’ husbands’ occupation.
Museum Reenactor Arek Ngalam: Simulakra Sejarah Perjuangan Menuju Nasionalisme
Authors: Hagijanto Andrian Dektisa
Published: August 2022

Belajar sejarah perjuangan bangsa secara konvensional dilakukan dengan membaca buku teks yang cenderung membosankan dan menghafal. Seiring perkembangan teknologi media dan kecenderungan interaksional, kebiasaan itu diubah salah satunya oleh kelompok reenactor dari kota Malang yang populer dengan nama Reenactor Arek Ngalam dengan mendirikan museum mandiri, menciptakan replika tiruan-tiruan kostum serdadu, alat-alat perang yang dibuat sendiri namun otentik. Aktivitas yang melibatkan Museum Brawijaya Malang. Ini menjadi hal yang menarik untuk diteliti yang dimaknai sebagai simulasi yang disimulasikan kembali. Simulakra tiruan kostum, replika senjata dan kejadian peperangan menjadi aktivitas serius. Hal itu menjadi ungkapan ekspresi nasionalisme dan sikap apresiatifnya atas sejarah perjuangan bangsa dalam merebut dan mempertahankan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan cara kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data studi pustaka, observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Unit analisis data menggunakan deskriptif 5W1H dengan menggunakan cara pandang dalam budaya visual yang berkelindan dengan teori hiperealitas-hipersemiotika dan simulakra.
NECESS´ÁRIO VOS É NASCER DE NOVO... COMO ANIMAIS
Authors: Perdigão Hêmille Raquel Santos
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho apresenta uma leitura do romance “O Amante de Lady Chatterley”, de D.H. Lawrence, analisando os excertos em que há alegorias de animais, as quais se contrapõem ao fascínio pela mecanização predominante no período em que se passa o enredo, a saber o início do século XX. Tal mecanização é representada pela cadeira de rodas do personagem Clifford, a qual, embora seja um objeto supervalorizado pelo seu dono, aparece, no enredo, com limitações e em cenas nas quais há animais e seres humanos com desempenho superior ao do objeto. O objetivo deste trabalho é apontar como as alegorias de animais em oposição às limitações da cadeira de roda têm, no romance de Lawrence, a função de representar o desejo dos personagens por constituir hierarquias, de modo a terem quem lhes obedeça. As alegorias representam, também, a ânsia por vida nova, que é o cerne de toda a narrativa. A conclusão foi que as alegorias animais são, de fato, recorrentes, e apontam para as expectativas que os personagens têm para si e para aqueles com quem se relacionam. Em função disso, as alegorias animais se distinguem, no decorrer da história, de acordo com o estado em que se encontra cada personagem.
INSTINTO, SENTIMENTO E MELANCOLIA
Authors: Souza Lorenna de Araújo
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo comparativo sobre as significações da morte no romance Tereza Batista Cansada de Guerra do escritor regionalista Jorge Amado, examinando-as a partir dos pensamentos psicanalíticos de Sigmund Freud. Para explorar os diferentes significados, fez-se necessário analisar a morte e as atitudes da protagonista, Tereza Batista, em torno desse fenômeno com base nos conceitos freudianos estudados em seus ensaios O Ego e o Id, Luto e Melancolia e Além do princípio do prazer. Podemos compreender e analisar por meio do funcionamento da psiquê humana como a personagem principal, Tereza Batista, comportava-se diante da morte, que é revelada no romance através do medo, do luto, da melancolia, dos instintos e dos conflitos do Eu, aqui também analisados e explicados com base em conceitos psíquicos.

Palavras-chave: Morte; Literatura; Psicanálise; Jorge Amado
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A LEITURA DO TEXTO LITERÁRIO, EM SALA DE AULA, SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA DO EFEITO ESTÉTICO
Authors: Fernandes Marcos Antônio
Published: August 2022

O artigo objetiva refletir sobre a leitura do texto literário em sala de aula, sob a perspectiva da teoria do efeito estético, vertente da estética da recepção que valoriza o potencial do texto e o papel do leitor. Quanto a metodologia utilizada, consiste em revisão bibliográfica. Para as discussões, têm-se autores como Ingarden (1979), Iser (1996), Jouve (2002), Eco (2001), entre outros. Através da reflexão, evidenciou-se que quando a prática da leitura literária é um ato repleto de significação e que leitor é parte indispensável, o hábito e o prazer da leitura podem se tornar frequentes e efetivos.
BERNARD CORNWELL
Authors: Soares Isabelle , Silva Edson Santos
Published: August 2022

The reading of the literary series Saxon Stories (2004-), by the British author Bernard Cornwell, incites reflections about the relations between Scandinavians and Anglo-Saxons in the British territory in the ninth century, as it presents a panorama of this historical moment. Fiction and history clash to represent significant moments of the time reported. From this, the main objective of this article is to trace debates about the memories that flow in the work concerning its production context, in the contempore, that surround the author and that imply Gender Study issues exteriorized and interiorized by the work under study. Starting from the idea proposed by the blogger Hyperactive Sedentary (2010), that the work of the British author, Bernard Cornwell, is literature made for "males", we seek to analyse moments of the narrative present in the first three volumes of Saxon Stories, in order to understand the motivation for such assertion and, if possible, refute it. Our analysis is grounded in Badinter (1992), Connel and Messerschmidt (2013), Dumézil (2013), Mingo (2017) and Langer (2007; 2017).
PINTURA, LITERATURA E MORTE
Authors: Kanashiro Natalia
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo de analisar a alegoria da morte na obra As intermitências da morte (2005) de José Saramago e delinear os aspectos do grotesco e do sublime em relação à figura da morte. No romance ocorre um evento imprevisível: a morte deixa de matar, diante disso, as personagens ficam em êxtase ao compreenderem que podem vivenciar a imortalidade, entretanto, a narrativa saramaguiana rompe as expectativas destas, de maneira que, a imortalidade estabelece situações angustiantes em que se deve conviver com a doença, a velhice e o sofrimento. Para análise do romance foram realizadas algumas leituras teóricas, de maneira que, para compreender os recursos estéticos do grotesco e do sublime, os autores Burke (1993), Kayser (1986) e Hugo (2007) foram consultados, enquanto, para interpretar as representações históricas, sociais e estéticas da figura da morte foram realizadas as leituras dos autores Huizinga (2015) e Ariès (2012). O intuito desta investigação é reconhecer as influências estéticas na representação da morte e, como isto, reflete no imaginário social e literário.
Nursing process directed to patients with COVID-19: record of the stages / Processo de enfermagem direcionado a pacientes com COVID-19: registro de suas etapas
Authors: Chantal Magalhães da Silva Natália , Nascimento dos Santos Ana Caroline , Alfradique de Souza Priscilla , Souza Szpalher Adriana
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: identificar o registro das etapas do Processo de Enfermagem direcionado a pacientes com COVID-19. Método: pesquisa descritiva e documental, com análise de 37 prontuários. Resultados: 83,8% dos prontuários apresentaram registro da Coleta de Dados de Enfermagem; 56,8%, da Avaliação de Enfermagem; e, 51,4%, da Implementação. Contudo, não foram identificados registros envolvendo a etapa de Diagnóstico de Enfermagem e do Planejamento de Enfermagem. Conclusão: os achados revelam que o registro das etapas do Processo de Enfermagem direcionado a pacientes com COVID-19 tem ocorrido de forma insipiente e descontínua; contudo, trata-se uma análise realizada em um cenário pandêmico, em que a sobrecarga e os sentimentos de impotência e insegurança do profissional devem ser considerados. Sugere-se, portanto, a realização de pesquisas que avaliem o impacto da pandemia no contexto da enfermagem, possibilitando assim, subsídios para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que visem amparar o registro do Processo de Enfermagem pelo profissional.
Multiple Skin-Colored Subcutaneous Nodules in a Girl
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Xu Jiaosheng , Xu Zigang
Published: August 2022

A 2-year-old child presented with skin-colored subcutaneous nodules that developed 40 days after birth, starting on the left foot and progressing to the face, trunk, and extremities and distal interphalangeal joint deformity of both hands. What is your diagnosis?
Compliance of National Cancer Institute–Designated Cancer Centers With January 2021 Price Transparency Requirements
Authors: Childers Christopher P. , Guorgui Jacob , Siddiqui Sami , Donahue Timothy
Published: August 2022

This cross-sectional study investigates the compliance rate of hospitals with National Cancer Institute–designated cancer center status with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services January 2021 price transparency requirements.
Cardiomyopathy correlates to nerve damage in p.A117Slate‐onset transthyretin amyloid polyneuropathy
Authors: Lin Yen‐Hung , Hsueh Hsueh‐Wen , Su Mao‐Yuan , Cheng Mei‐Fang , Chiang Ming‐Chang , Juang Jyh‐Ming Jimmy , Kao Yi‐Hui , Chang Kai‐Chieh , Feng Fang‐Ping , Hsieh Sung‐Tsang , Chao Chi‐Chao
Published: August 2022

Objective

Late‐onset hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv‐PN) is often associated with heart involvement. Recent advances in cardiac imaging allow the detection of cardiac amyloidosis. This study aimed to explore cardiomyopathy by cardiac imaging and its clinical correlates with polyneuropathy in late‐onset ATTRv‐PN.

Methods

Polyneuropathy was assessed by intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density, nerve conduction study (NCS), autonomic function tests, quantitative sensory testing, and clinical questionnaires. Cardiomyopathy was evaluated by echocardiography,99mTc‐pyrophosphate (PYP) single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and serum Pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide. Healthy controls and patients with Brugada syndrome were enrolled for comparison of CMR.

Results

Fifty late‐onset ATTRv‐PN patients (38 men, 46 with p. A117S mutation), aged 63.7 ± 5.5 years, of polyneuropathy disability stage 1–4 were enrolled. All patients presented polyneuropathy in NCS, and 74.5% of patients had reduced IENF density in distal legs. All patients showed significant radiotracer uptake in the heart on99mTc‐PYP SPECT imaging, and 87.8% of patients had abnormally increased left ventricular (LV) septum thickness on echocardiography. CMR showed longer myocardial native T1, larger extracellular volume, greater LV mass index, and higher LV mass to end‐diastolic volume ratio in ATTRv‐PN patients than healthy controls and patients with Brugada syndrome. These CMR parameters were associated with skin denervation, absent sympathetic skin responses, elevated thermal thresholds, worsened NCS profiles, and functional deficits of polyneuropathy.

Interpretation

Late‐onset ATTRv‐PN coexisted with cardiomyopathy regardless of the clinical severity of polyneuropathy. The cardiac amyloid burden revealed by CMR was correlated with pathophysiology and clinical disability of nerve degeneration.
Low‐Temperature Plasma‐Assisted Growth of Large‐Area MoS2 for Transparent Phototransistors
Authors: Bala Arindam , Liu Na , Sen Anamika , Cho Yongin , Pujar Pavan , So Byungjun , Kim Sunkook
Published: August 2022

MoS2‐based transparent electronics can revolutionize the state‐of‐the‐art display technology. The low‐temperature synthesis of MoS2 below the softening temperature of inexpensive glasses is an essential requirement, although it has remained a long persisting challenge. In this study, plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition is utilized to grow large‐area MoS2 on a regular microscopic glass (area ≈27 cm2). To benefit from uniform MoS2, 7 × 7 arrays of top‐gated transparent (≈93% transparent at 550 nm) thin film transistors (TFTs) with Al2O3 dielectric that can operate between −15 and 15 V are fabricated. Additionally, the performance of TFTs is assessed under irradiation of visible light and estimated static performance parameters, such as photoresponsivity is found to be 27 A W−1 (at λ = 405 nm and an incident power density of 0.42 mW cm−2). The stable and uniform photoresponse of transparent MoS2 TFTs can facilitate the fabrication of transparent image sensors in the field of optoelectronics.
Tuning Molecular Chromophores of Isoreticular Covalent Organic Frameworks for Visible Light‐Induced Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Li Wen , Ding Xu , Yu Baoqiu , Wang Hailong , Gao Zhuo , Wang Xinxin , Liu Xiaolin , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: August 2022

The functions of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be tailored by covalently reticulating advanced molecular modules into well‐defined porous ordered materials. Herein, four COFs, USTB‐7–USTB‐10, are prepared from the solvothermal reaction of photoactive tetraaldehydes, 5,5″‐(benzo[c]‐[1,2,5]thiadiazole‐4,7‐diyl)diisophthalaldehyde and 5,5″‐(naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐4,9‐diyl)diisophthalaldehyde, with p‐phenylenediamine and benzidine, respectively. Comprehensive studies of powder X‐ray diffraction, theoretical simulation, and pore size distribution disclose their isoreticular 2D dual porous structures. In contrast to benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐based chromophore, employment of naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐based tetraaldehyde enables enlarged conjugation systems for USTB‐9 and USTB‐10, rather than USTB‐7 and USTB‐8. This, in combination with the longer benzidine unit, endows USTB‐10 with a porous structure with bigger pore size than that of USTB‐9, resulting in the highest photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 21.8 mmol g−1 h−1 with the help of a Pt cocatalyst. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal the outstanding photocatalytic activity for USTB‐10 among the four COFs associated with the narrowed bandgap and increased charge‐carrier separation efficiency.
The impact of winter warming and more frequent icing events on reindeer herder occupational safety, health, and wellbeing
Authors: Ocobock Cara , Turunen Minna , Soppela Päivi , Rasmus Sirpa
Published: August 2022

Background

Northern Finland, like the rest of the Arctic, has experienced increases in mean annual temperature, the number of winter rains, the number of thaw–freeze days, the number of extremely warm weather events, and a shortened snow season. These changes have produced numerous problems for reindeer herders whose livelihoods rely on a healthy ecosystem with predictable weather patterns.

Methods

We performed a scoping literature review to assess how climate change induced extreme weather has negatively impacted reindeer herding as well as the health and wellbeing of reindeer herders.

Results

Late snow cover negatively impacts reindeer herding through a more widely dispersed herd that increases the work to gather reindeer, leads to reduced calf weight, and results in less meat for sale. This increased labor, especially in extreme cold conditions, can also negatively impact reindeer herder health. Icing due to thaw–freeze and rain‐on‐snow events makes it impossible for reindeer to dig through the snow to access lichens, increasing the need for reindeer herders to keep the herd in winter enclosures and provide supplemental feed.

Conclusion

Climate change induced weather events such as late snow cover and icing increase reindeer herder efforts and expenses, put their livelihood at risk, and put their health at risk.
Neurovascular complications in adults with Neurofibromatosis type 1: A national referral center experience
Authors: Sheerin Una‐Marie , Holmes Paul ,   The London NF1 Research Group, Childs Lucy , Roy Amit , Ferner Rosalie E.
Published: August 2022

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is associated with a range of vascular abnormalities. To assess the frequency, clinical and imaging spectrum of vascular complications in an adult cohort of NF1 patients, we reviewed 2068 adult NF1 patient records seen in our service between 2009 and 2019, to determine presence of vascular abnormalities, age at detection, associated symptoms and management. A literature review of the range of vascular abnormalities associated with NF1 was also undertaken. 1234 patients had magnetic resonance imaging cranial imaging. The frequency of vascular abnormalities associated with NF1 patients who had cranial imaging in this cohort was 3.5% (n = 43), the majority (n = 26, 60%) were symptomatic. Stroke and cerebral arterial stenosis were the commonest vascular complication. Eight patients (0.65%) had more than one type of vascular abnormality. One death due to a vascular complication was identified and significant morbidity resulted from other complications. We conclude that clinicians caring for patients with NF1 need to be cognizant that rapid onset of new neurological symptoms or signs may be the result of a vascular complication of NF1 and require urgent investigation and management, ideally within specialist teams who have experience of managing vascular complications of NF1.
Appositional long bone growth: Implications for measuring cross‐sectional geometry
Authors: Kurki Helen K. , Holland Sydney , MacKinnon Marla , Cowgill Libby , Osipov Benjamin , Harrington Lesley
Published: August 2022

Objectives

As growth at the periosteal and endosteal surfaces varies with age, cross‐sectional geometric (CSG) properties derived from periosteal (“solid”) contours may not produce comparable results to those from endosteal and periosteal contours (“true”), contrary to findings from adults. Error in CSG properties derived from the “solid” sections is compared with “true” sections in a sample of archeologically derived skeletons with estimated dental ages ranging from 1.5 months to 23.5 years.

Materials and Methods

Cross sections were extracted from 3D surface models, and endosteal contours were located from biplanar radiographs for 56 femora and 59 humeri. Polar second moment of area (J), cross‐sectional shape (Imax/Imin), and polar section modulus (Zp) were calculated from solid and true sections. Relationships between solid and true properties were examined with least squares regression. Multiple regression examined the effect of age and % cortical area on solid section CSG error.

Results

While correlations were high (R2 = 0.72–0.99, all p < 0.001), the results indicate that solid CSG properties are not within an acceptable error range (%SEE of ≤8.0, and %PE of ≤5.0) of true CSG. Error was most affected by %CA, while estimated age was not correlated with %CA, %PE, or percent difference of true‐solid CSG.

Discussion

Periosteal contours alone should not be used to calculate CSG properties from individuals during the period of growth and development. Variation in bone growth and/or adaptive responses independent of age may account for the inconsistent age effects.
Genome‐wide profiling of circulatory microRNAs associated with cognition and dementia
Authors: Yaqub Amber , Mens Michelle M.J. , Klap Jaco M. , Weverling Gerrit Jan , Klatser Paul , Brakenhoff Just P.J. , Roshchupkin Gennady V. , Ikram Mohammad Kamran , Ghanbari Mohsen , Ikram Mohammad Arfan
Published: August 2022

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Their role in the pathophysiology of dementia and potential as biomarkers remains undetermined.

Methods

We conducted a single‐ (one‐by‐one) and multi‐marker (joint) analysis to identify well‐expressed circulating miRNAs in plasma (total = 591) associated with general cognition and incident dementia, for 1615 participants of the population‐based Rotterdam Study.

Results

During single‐marker analysis, 47 miRNAs were nominally (P ≤ .05) associated with cognition and 18 miRNAs were nominally associated with incident dementia, after adjustment for potential confounders. Three miRNAs were common between cognition and dementia (miR‐4539, miR‐372‐3p, and miR‐566), with multi‐marker analysis revealing another common miRNA (miR‐7106‐5p). In silico analysis of these four common miRNAs led to several putative target genes expressed in the brain, highlighting the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway.

Discussion

We provide population‐based evidence on the relationship between circulatory miRNAs with cognition and dementia, including four common miRNAs that may elucidate downstream mechanisms.

HIGHLIGHTS

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the (dys)function of the central nervous system.

Four circulating miRNAs in plasma are associated with cognition and incident dementia.

Several predicted target genes of these four miRNAs are expressed in the brain.

These four miRNAs may be linked to pathways underlying dementia.

Although miRNAs are promising biomarkers, experimental validation remains essential.
Hydrolytically Stable Ionic Fluorogels for High‐Performance Remediation of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Natural Water
Authors: Manning Irene M. , Guan Pin Chew Nick , Macdonald Haley P. , Miller Kelsey E. , Strynar Mark J. , Coronell Orlando , Leibfarth Frank A.
Published: August 2022

PFAS are known bioaccumulative and persistent chemicals which pollute natural waters globally. There exists a lack of granular sorbents to efficiently remove both legacy and emerging PFAS at environmentally relevant concentrations. Herein, we report a class of polymer networks with a synergistic combination of ionic and fluorous components that serve as granular materials for the removal of anionic PFAS from water. A library of Ionic Fluorogels (IFs) with systematic variation in charge density and polymer network architecture was synthesized from hydrolytically stable fluorous building blocks. The IFs were demonstrated as effective sorbents for the removal of 21 legacy and emerging PFAS from a natural water and were regenerable over multiple cycles of reuse. Comparison of one IF to a commercial ion exchange resin in mini‐rapid small‐scale column tests demonstrated superior performance for the removal of short‐chain PFAS from natural water under operationally relevant conditions.
Spontaneous Decomposition of an Extraordinarily Twisted and Trans‐Bent Fully‐Phosphanyl‐Substituted Digermene to an Unusual GeI Cluster
Authors: Izod Keith , Liu Mo , Evans Peter , Wills Corinne , Dixon Casey M. , Waddell Paul G. , Probert Michael R.
Published: August 2022

Ditetrelenes R2E=ER2 (E=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) substituted by multiple N/P/O/S‐donor groups are extremely rare due to their propensity to disaggregate into their tetrylene monomers R2E. We report the synthesis of the first fully phosphanyl‐substituted digermene {(Mes)2P}2Ge=Ge{P(Mes)2}2 (3, Mes=2,4,6‐Me3C6H2), which adopts a highly unusual structure in the solid state, that is both strongly trans‐bent and highly twisted. Variable‐temperature 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy suggests that 3 persists in solution, but is subject to a dynamic equilibrium between two conformations, which have different geometries about the Ge=Ge bond (twisted/non‐twisted) due to a difference in the nature of their π‐stacking interactions. Compound 3 undergoes unprecedented, spontaneous decomposition in solution to give a unique GeI cluster {(Mes)2P}4Ge4⋅5 CyMe (7).
Regioselective Transition‐Metal‐Free C(sp2)−H Borylation: A Subject of Practical and Ongoing Interest in Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Authors: Rej Supriya , Chatani Naoto
Published: August 2022

Considerable advances have been made in the area of C−H functionalization in the last few decades. A number of approaches including both directed and nondirected strategies have been developed thus far. Among the various C−H functionalizations, C−H borylation is of special interest due to the wide applications of organoboron compounds. In this regard, various transition‐metal‐catalyzed regioselective strategies have been developed. However, the major concern regarding metal‐catalyzed C−H borylation procedures is the requirement of a precious metal as well as the contamination by metal precursors in the desired products, which limit the application of this process in large‐scale synthesis. Therefore, recent trends have involved the use of transition‐metal‐free systems. We summarize recent developments in transition‐metal‐free regioselective C−H borylation. We believe that this Review will help to increase interest in this field and stimulate further progress.
Self‐Propelled Initiative Collision at Microelectrodes with Vertically Mobile Micromotors
Authors: Guo Ziyi , Wu Yanfang , Xie Zhouzun , Shao Junming , Liu. Jian , Yao Yin , Wang Joseph , Shen Yansong , Gooding J. Justin , Liang Kang
Published: August 2022

Impact experiments enable single particle analysis for many applications. However, the effect of the trajectory of a particle to an electrode on impact signals still requires further exploration. Here, we investigate the particle impact measurements versus motion using micromotors with controllable vertical motion. With biocatalytic cascade reactions, the micromotor system utilizes buoyancy as the driving force, thus enabling more regulated interactions with the electrode. With the aid of numerical simulations, the dynamic interactions between the electrode and micromotors are categorized into four representative patterns: approaching, departing, approaching‐and‐departing, and departing‐and‐reapproaching, which correspond well with the experimentally observed impact signals. This study offers a possibility of exploring the dynamic interactions between the electrode and particles, shedding light on the design of new electrochemical sensors.
The Control of the Coordination Chemistry for the Genesis of Heterogeneous Catalytically Active Sites in Oxidation Reactions**
Authors: Bisio Chiara , Carniato Fabio , Guidotti Matteo
Published: August 2022

This Review provides a summary of the use and the role of coordination complexes as precursors for the generation of heterogeneous catalysts for oxidation reactions of interest for fine chemical synthesis. Specific attention is paid to the comprehension of phenomena explaining the formation of active sites in heterogeneous catalysts. Different families of coordination precursors are considered. For each example, a brief critical description of the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance is reported. Special attention is paid to the chemical environment of the first coordination sphere of the active metal centre. The catalysts obtained by heterogenization, grafting, or anchoring of homogeneous catalysts can therefore exhibit enhanced catalytic performance by merging advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. The deposition of coordination complexes over a preformed support is indeed a conceptually versatile strategy to design novel catalysts with tuned and controlled properties.
Deep‐Blue Electroluminescence of Perovskites with Reduced Dimensionality Achieved by Manipulating Adsorption‐Energy Differences
Authors: Dong Jianchao , Lu Feifei , Han Dongyuan , Wang Jie , Zang Ziang , Kong Lingmei , Zhang Yu , Ma Xue , Zhou Jianheng , Ji Huiyu , Yang Xuyong , Wang Ning
Published: August 2022

The lagging development of deep‐blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) heavily impedes their practical applications in full‐color display due to the absence of spectrally stable emitters and the mismatch of carrier injection capacity. Herein, we report highly efficient deep‐blue PeLEDs through a new chemical strategy that addresses the dilemma for simultaneously constant electroluminescence (EL) spectra and high‐purify phase in reduced‐dimensional perovskites. The success lies in the control of adsorption‐energy differences between phenylbutylamine (PBA) and ethylamine (EA) interacting with perovskites, which facilitates narrow n‐value distribution. This approach leads to an increased exciton binding energy and enhanced surface potential, hence improving radiative recombination. As a result, an external quantum efficiency of 4.62 % is achieved in PeLEDs with a stable EL peak at 457 nm, demonstrating the best reported result for deep‐blue PeLEDs so far.
Cooperative Surface Passivation and Hierarchical Structuring of Zeolite Beta Catalysts
Authors: Han Sungmin , Linares Noemi , Terlier Tanguy , Hoke Jeffrey B. , García Martínez Javier , Li Yuejin , Rimer Jeffrey D.
Published: August 2022

We report a method to prepare core–shell zeolite beta (*BEA) with an aluminous core and an epitaxial Si‐rich shell. This method capitalizes on the inherent defects in *BEA crystals to simultaneously passivate acid sites on external surfaces and increase intracrystalline mesoporosity through facile post‐hydrothermal synthesis modification in alkaline media. This process creates more hydrophobic materials by reducing silanol defects and enriching the shell in silica via a combination of dealumination and the relocation of silica from the core to the shell during intracrystalline mesopore formation. The catalytic consequences of *BEA core–shells relative to conventional analogues were tested using the biomass conversion of levulinic acid andn‐butanol ton‐butyl levulinate as a benchmark reaction. Our findings reveal that siliceous shells and intracrystalline mesopores synergistically enhance the performance of *BEA catalysts.
Near Infrared Light Induced Radical Polymerization in Water
Authors: Neidinger Philipp , Davis Joshua , Voll Dominik , Jaatinen Esa A. , Walden Sarah L. , Unterreiner Andreas N. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher
Published: August 2022

We introduce a gold nanorod (AuNR) driven methodology to induce free radical polymerization in water with near infrared light (800 nm). The process exploits photothermal conversion in AuNR and subsequent heat transfer to a radical initiator (here azobisisobutyronitrile) for primary radical generation. A broad range of reaction conditions were investigated, demonstrating control over molecular weight and reaction conversion of dimethylacrylamide polymers, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We underpin our experimental data with finite element simulation of the spatio‐temporal temperature profile surrounding the AuNR directly after femtosecond laser pulse excitation. Critically, we evidence that polymerization can be induced through biological tissues given the enhanced penetration depth of the near infrared light. We submit that the presented initiation mechanism in aqueous systems holds promise for radical polymerization in biological environments, including cells.
Improving the Accuracy of Modelling CO2 Electroreduction on Copper Using Many‐Body Perturbation Theory
Authors: Wei Ziyang , Sautet Philippe
Published: August 2022

Copper (Cu) remains the most important metal catalyst for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) into C2 products. Due to limited evidence from in situ experiments, mechanistic studies are often performed in the framework of density functional theory (DFT), using functionals at the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) level, which have fundamental difficulties to correctly describe CO adsorption and surface stability. We employ the adiabatic connection fluctuation dissipation theorem within the random phase approximation (RPA), in combination with the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation to describe solvation effects, to investigate the mechanism of CO2RR on the Cu(100) facet. Qualitatively different from the DFT‐GGA results, RPA results propose the formation of *OCCHO as the potential determining step towards C2 products. The results suggest that it is important to use more accurate methods like RPA when modeling reactions involving multiple CO‐related species like CO2RR.
Dynamically vulcanized polylactic acid/natural rubber/waste rubber blends: Effect of the crosslinking agent on the morphology and tensile properties
Authors: Candau Nicolas , Albiter Noel León , Coll Pol Roura , Maspoch Maria Lluïsa
Published: August 2022

PLA/natural rubber (NR)/wastes tire rubber (GTR) were dynamically vulcanizing using dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Swelling, dissolution, and electron microscopy revealed that the unvulcanized and weekly vulcanized blends (DCP < 3 wt%) show a continuous rubber phase while the highly vulcanized blends (DCP > 3 wt%) show co‐continuous rubber/PLA phase. In the latter blends, the tensile toughness (1.3 MJ m−3) and the tensile‐impact strength of the neat PLA (58 kJ m−2) were increased of a factor 12.5 and 8.3 respectively. Moreover, the appropriate crosslinking agent content (3–3.75 wt%) in the ternary blends allowed to reach same tensile toughness, impact strength, shape recovery and shape fixity as compared to their equivalent binary PLA/NR blends.
The celebrity as teaching object: Using Kanye West and Kim Kardashian to explain Freud
Authors: Reynoso Joseph S.
Published: August 2022

The author describes some obstacles encountered teaching undergraduates psychoanalytic theory. In academic environments that reflect a broader cultural skepticism, disinterest and animosity to analytic ideas, the author argues that it is imperative to develop and utilize teaching methods that have an experience‐near quality. Without clinical experience and perhaps hesitant to use their own personal lives for material, students may seemingly lack data to test out the explanatory value of analytic ideas. This essay illustrates one device the author developed of using students' “celebrity object” relationships to idiosyncratically cathected popular culture figures to allow for increased engagement with analytic ideas.
DNA Origami in the Quest for Membrane Piercing
Authors: Niranjan Dhanasekar Naresh , Thiyagarajan Durairaj , Bhatia Dhiraj
Published: August 2022

The tool kit for label‐free single‐molecule sensing, nucleic acid sequencing (DNA, RNA and protein) and other biotechnological applications has been significantly broadened due to the wide range of available nanopore‐based technologies. Currently, various sources of nanopores, including biological, fabricated solid‐state, hybrid and recently de novo chemically synthesized ion‐like channels have put in use for rapid single‐molecule sensing of biomolecules and other diagnostic applications. At length scales of hundreds of nanometers, DNA nanotechnology, particularly DNA origami‐based devices, enables the assembly of complex and dynamic 3‐dimensional nanostructures, including nanopores with precise control over the size/shape. DNA origami technology has enabled to construct nanopores by DNA alone or hybrid architects with solid‐state nanopore devices or nanocapillaries. In this review, we briefly discuss the nanopore technique that uses DNA nanotechnology to construct such individual pores in lipid‐based systems or coupled with other solid‐state devices, nanocapillaries for enhanced biosensing function. We summarize various DNA‐based design nanopores and explore the sensing properties of such DNA channels. Apart from DNA origami channels we also pointed the design principles of RNA nanopores for peptide sensing applications.
A Polyanionic Tartrate‐containing Temperature‐responsive Hydrogel
Authors: Loh Wei Wei , Huang Miao , Goh Leonard , Lim Chen Chuan , Goh Rubayn , Lin Qianyu , Guo Liangfeng , Loh Xian Jun , Lim Jason Y. C.
Published: August 2022

Thermogels, a class of hydrogels which show spontaneous sol‐gel phase transition when warmed, are an important class of soft biomaterials. To date, however, most amphiphilic polymers that are able to form thermogels in aqueous solution are uncharged, and the influence of ionisable groups on thermogelation are largely unknown. Herein, we report the first example of a polyanionic amphiphilic multi‐block copolymer, containing multiple pendant carboxylate groups, that can form transparent thermogels spontaneously when warmed up to physiological temperature. We demonstrate that introducing negative charges onto thermogelling polymers could significantly alter the properties of the micelles and thermogels formed. Furthermore, the polymer's polyanionic character provides new options for modulating the gel rheological properties, such as stiffness and gelation temperatures, through electrostatic interactions with different cations. We also demonstrated that the polyanionic thermogel allowed slower sustained release of a cationic model drug compound compared to an anionic one over 2 weeks. The findings from our study demonstrate exciting new possibilities for advanced biomedical applications using charged polyelectrolyte thermogel materials.
SbCl3 Initiated Aerobic Phosphorylation of sp3 C−H Bond: A Facile Approach to α‐Phosphorylated Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Li Yuemei , Zhang Shuwei , Ma Qiyuan , Ding Han , Sun Zheng , Yuan Yu , Jia Xiaodong
Published: August 2022

An aerobic phosphorylation of N‐aryltetrahydroisoquinolines was realized by SbCl3 initiated sp3 C−H bond functionalization, providing a series of α‐aminophosphonates in high yields. This work reveals that SbCl3/O2 is an efficient and facile catalyst system to enable the aerobic C−H functionalization, and antimony containing reagents might be potentially applied to more general transformations.
ITGA5 and ITGB1 contribute to Sorafenib resistance by promoting vasculogenic mimicry formation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shi Ying , Shang Jin , Li Yan , Zhong Deyuan , Zhang Zilong , Yang Qinyan , Lai Chunyou , Feng Tianhang , Yao Yutong , Huang Xiaolun
Published: August 2022

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is labeled with high mortality and tolerance to chemotherapy. Sorafenib has been the first‐line treatment option in HCC patients for past decades, while the therapeutic effect was limited in almost HCC patients.

Methods

In this study, we analyzed public omics data of HCC patients with different responses to Sorafenib treatment. To confirm the role of integrins A5 and B1 (ITGA5 and ITGB1) in Sorafenib resistance, we generated the Sorafenib‐resistant (Sor‐R) cell lines and cells overexpressing ITGA5 or ITGB1. Hypoxia level was measured using Hypoxy probe by flow cytometry, while vasculogenic mimicry was detected and quantified by CD31 and periodic acid schiff staining.

Results

Hypoxia was upregulated in non‐responsive patients, accompanied with genes involved in encoding extracellular matrix components and angiogenesis such as ITGA5 and ITGB1. Sor‐R hepatoma cell lines were constructed to measure expression and role of candidate genes. ITGA5 and ITGB1 were augmented in Sor‐R cells. Upregulation of ITGA5 or ITGB1 reduced the sensitivity to Sorafenib in HepG2 and Huh7 cells, aggravated the hypoxic condition and resulted in formation of vascular mimicry.

Conclusions

These findings suggested that hypoxia associated vascular mimicry account for non‐response to Sorafenib treatment in HCC patients. ITGA5 and ITGB1 may serve as effective predictors of HCC patients' outcome after Sorafenib treatment, which also provides a new target for HCC patients resistant to Sorafenib.