bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH STRES KERJA, EMPLOYEE ENGAGMENT, DAN KEDISIPLINAN TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA KARYAWAN CV. KARYA MANUNGGAL SEMARANG
Authors: Santoso Djoko , Lianasari - , Wardoyo Paulus
Published: January 2018

The research is conducted on companies that produce gloves both for domestic and abroad. Production companies like these require a lot of employees and high performance. But the company's work has decreased, so the company's target can not be achieved. Not achieving the target company is allegedly influenced by several factors, such as job stress, discipline, employee engagement, and job satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of work stress, discipline and employee engagement on performance with job satisfaction as intervening variable. The respondent  in this study as many as 247 employees. Data analysis technique used is SEM (Structural equation Modeling) with LISREL program Version 8.80. The result of analysis shows that job stress and employee engagement have an effect on job satisfaction, job stress and employee engagement also affect to employee performance. There is no effect of discipline on job satisfaction or performance..

Keywords: Job stress, Discipline, Employee Engagement, satisfaction and
                       Employee performance

 

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada  perusahaan yang memproduksi sarung tangan baik untuk dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Perusahaan produksi seperti ini membutuhkan karyawan yang banyak serta kinerja yang tinggi. Namun hasil kinerja perusahaan mengalami penurunan, sehingga target perusahaan tidak dapat tercapai. Tidak tercapainya target perusahaan ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor , diantaranya adalah stres kerja, kedisiplinan, employee engagement, dan kepuasan kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh stres kerja, kedisiplinan dan employee engagement terhadap kinerja dengan kepuasan  kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Responden  dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 247 karyawan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah SEM (Structural equation Modelling) dengan program LISREL Versi 8.80. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stres kerja dan employee engagement berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja, stres kerja dan employee engagement juga berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Tidak ada pengaruh kedisiplinan terhadap kepuasan kerja  dan kinerja.

Kata Kunci : Stres kerja , Kedisiplinan, Employee Engagement, kepuasan dan  Kinerja Karyawan.
Carbon Dioxide Effects on Wellbore-Pressure Response During Injection/Falloff Test
Authors: Machado Cíntia G. , Firoozabad Mohammadreza M. , Reynolds Albert C.
Published: January 2018

We provide analytical solutions for the wellbore pressure during an injection/falloff-test problem under radial-flow conditions in homogeneous porous media where the injected fluid is carbonated water. For both the injection and falloff periods, we assume an isothermal process with thermodynamic equilibrium, a linear adsorption isotherm, and viscosities that depend only on the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. We also neglect CO2 diffusion, gravity effects, and capillarity effects. For the injection period, we first determine the saturation and concentration distributions with time in the reservoir by applying the method of characteristics to solve the appropriate system of hyperbolic conservation equations, where we assume incompressible fluids. In solving for water saturation and CO2 concentration in water, we neglect the change in water volume caused by the variation of the CO2 concentration in water. After solving for the saturation and concentration profiles, the pressure solution can be obtained by integrating Darcy's law, from the wellbore radius to infinity, while assuming an infinite-acting reservoir and invoking the Thompson-Reynolds steady-state theory (Thompson and Reynolds 1997b). Because Darcy's law does not assume incompressible flow, the pressure solution generated does not assume incompressible flow. To obtain an analytical expression for the wellbore pressure, however, we do assume that for injection and falloff, the total flow-rate profile in the reservoir is constant in a region from the wellbore to a radius greater than the radius of the flood front. The region within this radius increases with time and it is referred to as the steady-state region or zone (Thompson and Reynolds 1997b). During the falloff stage, it is assumed that there is no change in saturation in the reservoir, which is reasonable because we neglect capillary pressure, the gravity force, and fluid compressibilities when determining the saturation profile. Using these assumptions, we generate analytical solutions for a carbonated-water-injection (CWI)/falloff test and compare these solutions with those obtained with a commercial reservoir simulator using very fine spatial grids and very small timesteps. This comparison suggests that the analytical solutions presented can be used reliably to analyze pressure data obtained during CWI/falloff tests.
Development of Efficiently Coupled Fluid-Flow/Geomechanics Model To Predict Stress Evolution in Unconventional Reservoirs With Complex-Fracture Geometry
Authors: Sangnimnuan Anusarn , Li Jiawei , Wu Kan
Published: January 2018

Stress changes associated with reservoir depletion are often observed in the field. Stress evolution within and surrounding drainage areas can greatly affect further reservoir developments, such as completion of infill wells and refracturing. Previous studies mainly focus on biwing planar-fracture geometry, which limits the possibility of investigating stress evolution caused by complex-fracture geometry. In this paper, we have developed a novel and efficient coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics model with an embedding-discrete-fracture model (EDFM) to characterize stress evolution associated with depletion in unconventional reservoirs with complex-fracture geometry. Coupled geomechanics/fluid flow was developed using the well-known fixed-stress-split method, which is unconditionally stable and computationally efficient to simulate how stress changes during reservoir depletion. EDFM was coupled to the model to gain capability of simulating complex-fracture geometries using structured grids. The model was validated against the classical Terzaghi (1925) and Mandel (1953) problems. Local grid refinement was used as a benchmark when comparing results from EDFM for fractures with 0 and 45° angles of inclination. After that, the model was used to analyze stress distribution and reorientation in reservoirs with three different fracture geometries: planar-fracture (90° angle of inclination), 60° inclination, and nonplanar-fracture geometries. As the pressure decreases, reservoir stresses tend to change anisotropically depending on depletion area. The principal stress parallel to the initial fracture reduces faster than the orthogonal one as a function of time. The decrease rate of principal stresses is distinct for different shapes of depleted areas created by different fracture geometries. The rectangular shape produced by the planar-fracture geometry yields the largest stress-reorientation area for a variety of differential-stress (DS) values (difference between two horizontal principal stresses). The squared shape produced by nonplanar-fracture geometry yields stress reorientation only for low DS. The results indicate that created fracture geometry has a significant effect on stress distribution and reorientation induced by depletion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics model incorporated with EDFM has been developed to efficiently calculate stress evolution in reservoirs with complex-fracture geometry. Characterization of stress evolution will provide critical guidelines for optimization of completion designs and further reservoir development.
Seasonal Liveweight Gain of Beef Cattle on Guineagrass Pastures in the Brazilian Cerrados
Authors: Maciel G.A. , Braga G.J. , Guimarães R. , Ramos A.K.B. , Carvalho M.A. , Fernandes F.D. , Fonseca C.E.L. , Jank L.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

The cultivars Tamani and Zuri have greater nutritive value than cultivar Massai.

The individual cattle performance was greater in Tamani and Zuri pastures.

Massai provided the same liveweight gain per area than Tamani and Zuri.

Tamani and Zuri can be used in grazing systems aiming cattle growing and fattening.

Tamani can minimize usual guineagrass restrictions during rainy‐dry season transition.

The development of forage cultivars suitable for the Brazilian Cerrados should incorporate long‐term cattle performance results, ensuring released material be persistent and of high quality. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of three guineagrass [Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs] cultivars (Massai, Tamani, and Zuri) on liveweight gain of young Nellore (Bos indicus) bulls under grazing. The trial was performed in Planaltina (Federal District, Brazil) from 2011 to 2013 encompassing dry and rainy seasons. Cattle average daily gain (ADG) in the rainy season differed among cultivars, averaging 0.716, 0.791, and 0.883 kg head−1 d−1 for Massai, Tamani, and Zuri, respectively. The ADG was lesser (0.284 kg head−1 d−1) in the dry season with no effects of cultivar. Massai had a similar stocking rate (SR) as Tamani but a greater SR than Zuri in the rainy season (490, 445, and 417 animal unit day ha−1), which was influenced by its greater herbage accumulation rate (HAR; 66.8, 41.4 and 42.3 kg DM ha−1 d−1, respectively). However, there were no differences among cultivars in liveweight (LW) gain per area (GA 2.28 kg ha−1 d−1). In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was lesser for Massai (530 g kg−1) compared to Tamani and Zuri (561 and 550 g kg−1, respectively). Due to above‐average nutritive value, Tamani and Zuri provided greater individual cattle performance than Massai, although the GA was similar among all cultivars.
Planter Technology to Reduce Double‐Planted Area and Improve Corn and Soybean Yields
Authors: Corassa Geomar M. , Amado Telmo J. C. , Liska Thomas , Sharda Ajay , Fulton John , Ciampitti Ignacio A.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

Corn yield was more proportionally reduced for double‐planted area as yield level decreased.

Soybean yield presented similar behavior for both double‐planted area and automatic section control at varying yield levels.

ROI for the ASC technology is recovered with lower planted area when corn is the main crop.

Overall DPA% was 5.5%, but for irregular fields double‐planted area increased faster as planted area rose.

Double‐planted area (DPA) on end rows commonly occurs in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields. Economic and yield losses from DPA can be reduced by using the automatic section control (ASC) technology on planters. However, the effects of DPA on crop yield within different yield levels (yield potentials) as well as different DPA proportion within Brazilian fields are not yet quantified. Using two datasets, the objectives of this study were: dataset I‐ (a) quantify yield losses from DPA in corn and soybean; (b) calculate the planting area necessary to recover the investment from ASC for Brazil and U.S. farmers when considering: (i) yield loss, (ii), DPA proportion, (iii) corn/soybean ratio in the rotation, and (iv) planted area; dataset II‐ (c) estimate DPA proportion at a regional‐scale using data from 128 Brazilian fields. The main results were: dataset I‐ (1) corn yield losses linearly increased due to DPA as yield level decreased; (2) soybean yields were less sensitive to DPA; (3) when only corn was considered, economic returns from using ASC was recovered with a smaller planted area; and dataset II‐ (4) overall DPA proportion was 5.5% of the total field area, increasing proportionally for irregular shaped fields. Use of ASC technology benefited soybeans via seed savings, while for corn, via both seed savings and superior yields. Future research focused on the ASC benefits should consider potential interactions between crop genotypes, field management, and environments.
Single‐Step Reaction Norm Models for Genomic Prediction in Multienvironment Recurrent Selection Trials
Authors: Morais Júnior Odilon P. , Duarte João Batista , Breseghello Flávio , Coelho Alexandre S. G. , Morais Orlando P. , Magalhães Júnior Ariano M.
Published: January 2018

In recurrent selection programs, progeny testing is done in multienvironment trials, which generates genotype × environment interaction (G × E). Therefore, modeling G × E is essential for genomic prediction in the context of recurrent genomic selection (RGS). Developing single‐step, best linear unbiased prediction‐based reaction norm models (termed RN‐HBLUP) using data from nongenotyped and genotyped progenies, can enhance predictive accuracy. Our objectives were to evaluate: (i) a class of RN‐HBLUP models accommodating combined relationship of pedigree and genomic data, environmental covariates, and their interactions for prediction of phenotypic responses; (ii) the predictive accuracy of these models and the relative importance of main effects and interaction components; and (iii) the influence of different grouping strategies of genetic–environmental data (within selection cycles or across cycles) on prediction accuracy of the merit for untested progenies. The genetic material comprised 667 S1:3 progenies of irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and six check cultivars. These materials were evaluated in yield trials conducted in 10 environments during three selection cycles. Genomic information was derived from single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers genotyped on 174 progenies in the third cycle. We evaluated six predictive models. Environmental covariates and G × E interaction explained a significant portion of the phenotypic variance, increasing accuracy and decreasing the bias of phenotypic prediction. Within‐cycle data were sufficient for accurate prediction of untested progenies, even in untested environments. We concluded that the RN‐HBLUP model, with the comprehensive structure, could be useful in improving the prediction accuracy of quantitative traits in RGS programs.
Exploration of Mechanisms for Internal Deterioration of Wheat Seeds in Postharvest Storage and Nitrogen Atmosphere Control for Properties Protection
Authors: Wang Ruolan , Zhang Lili , Lu Qian
Published: January 2018

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds were stored in simulated conditions of four regions for 300 d. Changes of biochemical properties and electron microscope pictures demonstrated that unfavorable storage conditions caused serious internal deterioration and promoted the accumulation of unhealthy products in wheat seeds. Two hypotheses were proposed to explain the internal deterioration during storage. This work confirmed that the unfavorable storage conditions damaged enzymatic scavenging systems. As a result, without an effective scavenging system, serious internal deterioration occurred in wheat seeds. Atmospheric composition was adjusted to evaluate the potential of applying nitrogen atmosphere control in wheat storage. The results showed that 98% nitrogen gas in atmosphere effectively protected scavenging systems in wheat seeds and alleviate the internal deterioration.
Lactic Acid is a Major Contributor to Dog Urine Injury in Cool‐Season Lawn Species
Authors: Chang Zhihui , Huang Shuai , Li Deying
Published: January 2018

Dog (Canis familiarisL.) urine can cause severe injury to lawns. Despite the circumstantial evidence that salts from urine are responsible, there is no known connection between a particular component of dog urine and the cause of grass injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate cool‐season lawn grasses in response to the major components of dog urine. Urea, uric acid, lactic acid, creatinine, and bilirubin were applied either separately or with auxin or kinetin to Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceaSchreb), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.). A solution containing 20 g urea L−1and 10 g ammonium sulfate L−1was used to simulate the levels of salinity (∼15 dS m−1) and total N in dog urine. This solution caused slight discoloration on leaf tips with phytotoxic levels ranging from 5 to 12%. Lactic acid at 3.5 g L−1caused significant leaf injury on the three species, with phytotoxic levels ranging from 40 to 87%, and eventually the death of grasses and symptoms similar to dog urine patch. In conclusion, salts in dog urine caused injury, but the severity was not as high as that associated with lactic acid in dog urine.
Alternate Wetting and Drying Decreases Methylmercury in Flooded Rice (Oryza sativa) Systems
Authors: Tanner K. Christy , Windham-Myers Lisamarie , Marvin-DiPasquale Mark , Fleck Jacob A. , Linquist Bruce A.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

We studied how alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management effects methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in rice fields.

Alternate wetting and drying reduced MeHg concentrations in soil, water, and rice grain.

Iron speciation indicated that AWD oxidized the soil and regenerated electron acceptors.

Rice yield did not differ between AWD and the control over 4 yr.

In flooded soils, including those found in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields, microbes convert inorganic Hg to more toxic methylmercury (MeHg). Methylmercury is accumulated in rice grain, potentially affecting health. Methylmercury in rice field surface water can bioaccumulate in wildlife. We evaluated how introducing aerobic periods into an otherwise continuously flooded rice growing season affects MeHg dynamics. Conventional continuously flooded (CF) rice field water management was compared with alternate wetting and drying, where irrigation was stopped twice during the growing season, allowing soil to dry to 35% volumetric moisture content, at which point plots were reflooded (AWD‐35). Methylmercury studies began at harvest in Year 3 and throughout Year 4 of a 4‐yr replicated field experiment. Bulk soil, water, and plant samples were analyzed for MeHg and total Hg (THg), and iron (Fe) speciation was measured in soil samples. Rice grain yield over 4 yr did not differ between treatments. Soil chemistry responded quickly to AWD‐35 dry‐downs, showing significant oxidation of Fe(II) accompanied by a significant reduction of MeHg concentration (76% reduction at harvest) compared with CF. Surface water MeHg decreased by 68 and 39% in the growing and fallow seasons, respectively, suggesting that the effects of AWD‐35 management can last through to the fallow season. The AWD‐35 treatment reduced rice grain MeHg and THg by 60 and 32%, respectively. These results suggest that the more aerobic conditions caused by AWD‐35 limited the activity of Hg(II)‐methylating microbes and may be an effective way to reduce MeHg concentrations in rice ecosystems.
Plant Tissue Analysis to Assess Phosphorus and Potassium Nutritional Status of Corn and Soybean
Authors: Stammer Andrew J. , Mallarino Antonio P.
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

There is a need for developing more reliable interpretations for tissue tests in corn and soybean.

Tissue testing has no widespread use in many regions partly due to lack of reliable interpretations.

We determined critical P and K concentrations at vegetative and reproductive growth stages.

There is a need for reevaluating the value of tissue testing in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for current yield levels and genotypes. The objective of this research was to determine tissue critical P and K concentrations for these crops at vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Response trials were conducted in Iowa at 30 sites for P (32 site‐years with corn and 34 with soybean) and at 53 sites for K (67 site‐years with corn and 52 with soybean). We sampled whole plants at the V5‐V6 stage, corn ear‐leaf blades at the R1 stage, and trifoliate soybean leaves at the R2‐R3 stage. Critical concentration ranges (CCRs) were defined using linear‐plateau and quadratic‐plateau models. All models fit significantly (P ≤ 0.01). Model R2 values were the lowest (0.31–0.45) for corn plant P, soybean plant and leaf P, and soybean plant K; intermediate (0.51–0.53) for corn plant and leaf K and soybean leaf K; and the highest (0.62–0.64) for corn leaf P. For corn plants and leaves, CCRs were 4.8 to 5.5 and 2.5 to 3.1 g P kg¯1 and 18.8 to 25.4 and 10.6 to 14.2 g K kg¯1, respectively. For soybean plants and leaves, CCRs were 3.3 to 4.1 and 3.5 to 4.7 g P kg¯1 and 18.9 to 22.7 and 15.6 to 19.9 g K kg¯1, respectively. Testing of corn ear‐leaves for P was more accurate than for plants but either tissue provided similar K assessments. Testing soybean plants for P was more accurate than for leaves, but for K testing of leaves was more accurate than for plants.
Prediction and Mapping of Soil Attributes using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Magnetic Susceptibility
Authors: de Souza Bahia Angélica Santos Rabelo , Marques José , La Scala Newton , Pellegrino Cerri Carlos Eduardo , Camargo Livia Arantes
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas

We used VIS‐NIR spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility to predict soil attributes.

This paper shows the importance these tools for mapping large areas with detail scale.

Indirect measurements are useful to characterize spatial variability of attributes.

The maps predicted showed the same spatial pattern that the observed maps.

The methodologies used are much simpler and faster than conventional methods.

The development of fast, accurate and low‐cost methods to quantify soil attributes is of paramount importance to enable detailed mapping, mainly in tropical regions where there is great variation of the chemical, physical and mineralogical attributes. Therefore, the aims of this paper were (i) to investigate if visible and near infrared (VIS‐NIR) spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility (MS) can be applied to determine soil attributes at the sandstone‐basaltic transition and (ii) evaluate and map their spatial distribution. Calibration models based on VIS‐NIR spectroscopy and MS were developed separately for each attribute. Soil samples (0–25 cm depth) were collected at 446 sites, air‐dried and passed through a 2‐mm sieve and analyzed in the laboratory. To develop models based on soil spectra and laboratory data, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used. Already, the MS‐based models were calibrated by linear regression between magnetic and laboratory data. The best prediction accuracy parameters were obtained with MS, later with VIS‐NIR and lastly with VIS. The more accurate results between the observed and predicted values were found for iron oxide extracted by dithionite (R2 = 0.89, RRMSE = 0.02), clay (R2 = 0.85, RRMSE = 0.76) and total carbon (R2 = 0.83, RRMSE = 1.18) estimated by MS, revealing that this is a good predictor of key properties of studied soils, even with wide chemical and mineralogical variation. Both tools are very attractive for the strategic planning of land use and occupation, mapping large areas with detailed scale, environmental monitoring and precision agriculture.
KEARIFAN TUKANG KREDIT DI KEC. CEPIRING KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: Fathoni Nur
Published: January 2018

Tukang kredit di Kecamatan Cepiring Kabupaten Kendal Jawa Tengah telah memberi warna model jual beli pada masyarakat. Mereka kebanyakan perantau dari Jawa Barat. Model jual beli yang mereka lakukan adalah jual beli dengan pembayaran tunda. Artinya mereka menjajakan barang dagangan dan pembeli mengangsur pembayaran harga yang disepakati. Jumlah angsuran dan masa angsuran disepakati tetapi longgar (bisa berubah). Jumlah angsuran disebut dalam akad jual beli setelah menyepakati harga. Kebiasaan waktu mengangsur adalah mingguan. Kedua belah pihak telah memiliki kebiasaan yang dijadikan dasar pemenuhan kesepakatan jual beli. Kearifan tukang kredit ada pada kelonggaran menyikapi pembeli.  Hal ini berbeda manakala dibandingkan dengan sistem jual beli yang dilakukan pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Kepastian menjadi sesuatu yang tidak bisa ditawar dan membawa konsekuensi. Para tukang kredit juga memiliki dasar agama dalam melakukan bisnis. Mereka menegaskan fungsinya sebagai penjual bukan pemberi pinjaman. Oleh karenanya aturan tentang jual beli bayar tunda seperti harga harus disepakati dan tidak bisa berubah, mereka jaga betul. Kearifan mereka nampak dalam konteks tidak menaikkan harga meskipun ada pengunduran masa angsuran dari 10 minggu menjadi 20 minggu sekalipu. kearifan lainnya nampak dalam konteks tidak ada denda penundaan atau keterlambatan pembayaran. Kearifan mereka dibangun atas keyakinan dalam berbisnis dan keteguhan menjaga ajaran agama agar menjaga kesepakatan atau akad.
Flood risk management under climate change: a hydro-economic perspective
Authors: Devkota Rohini P. , Maraseni Tek
Published: January 2018

Most developing countries, like Nepal, are expected to experience the greatest impact of climate change (CC) sooner and on a greater magnitude than other developed countries. Increase in the magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall events is likely to increase the risk of flooding in rivers. The West Rapti River basin is one of the most flood prone and also one of the most dynamic and economically important basins of Nepal. This study elicits the willingness to pay (WTP) from the local people in the basin to reduce risks from possible floods due to CC. The WTP for flood mitigation in different flood hazard zones and flood scenarios were determined using referendum method and a face to face questionnaire survey. From a total of 720 households across all flood zones, a stratified randomly selected sample of 210 households was surveyed. The sample included households from a range of socio-economic backgrounds. The average WTP varied by flood hazard zone and within each zone, by CC-induced flood scenarios. The average WTP of respondents was highest for the critical flood prone zone, followed by moderate and low flood prone zones. Similarly, within each zone, the average WTP increased with increasing flood magnitudes due to CC. The variation of average WTP of respondents in different flood prone zones and scenarios indicate different levels of perceived severity. Moreover, the introduction of the concept of ‘man-day’ or ‘labour-day’ in WTP research is a novel and applicable methodological approach, particularly in the South Asian region. The findings of this study are useful for policy implications for the design of participatory flood management plans in the river basin.
Low Cost Frictional Seismic Base-Isolation of Residential New Masonry Buildings in Developing Countries: A Small Masonry House Case Study
Authors: Habieb Ahmad Basshofi , Milani Gabriele , Tavio Tavio , Milani Federico
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

An advanced Finite Element model is presented to examine the performance of a low-cost friction based-isolation system in reducing the seismic vulnerability of low-class rural housings. This study, which is mainly numerical, adopts as benchmark an experimental investigation on a single story masonry system eventually isolated at the base and tested on a shaking table in India.

Methods:

Four friction isolation interfaces, namely, marble-marble, marble-high-density polyethylene, marble-rubber sheet, and marble-geosynthetic were involved. Those interfaces differ for the friction coefficient, which was experimentally obtained through the aforementioned research. The FE model adopted here is based on a macroscopic approach for masonry, which is assumed as an isotropic material exhibiting damage and softening. The Concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model, that is available in standard package of ABAQUS finite element software, is used to determine the non-linear behavior of the house under non-linear dynamic excitation.

Results and Conclusion:

The results of FE analyses show that the utilization of friction isolation systems could much decrease the acceleration response at roof level, with a very good agreement with the experimental data. It is also found that systems with marble-marble and marble-geosynthetic interfaces reduce the roof acceleration up to 50% comparing to the system without isolation. Another interesting result is that there was little damage appearing in systems with frictional isolation during numerical simulations. Meanwhile, a severe state of damage was clearly visible for the system without isolation.
FE Modelling of Experimental Brickwork Masonry Building Under Eccentric Shear Force
Authors: Capozucca Roberto , Magagnini Erica , Pace Giuseppe
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

This paper compares theoretical results with the experimental investigation developed in the laboratory at the University of Edinburgh on a five-storey masonry building model in scale 1:3. In the case of masonry structures, unfortunately, the control of the theoretical results obtained by FE analysis is often hard although it is fundamental to verify the actual procedure of calculus both in the rehabilitation and in the project of new masonry structures.

Methods:

The aim of this work is to describe the response under lateral loading of a masonry building model prototype analysis by means of FE linear elastic modelling, assessing its performance through the comparison between the theoretical results and the experimental data. A non-linear static FE analysis has been also performed to investigate the actual ductile capacity of the structural system in relation to the different eccentricities of loadings.

Results and Conclusion:

Finally, the results of linear elastic analysis and non linear have been shown and discussed. The capacity of the ground floor’s walls of the building in shear, bending and torsional moments has been evaluated and discussed.
Historic City Centers After Destructive Seismic Events, The Case of Finale Emilia During the 2012 Emilia-Romagna Earthquake: Advanced Numerical Modelling on Four Case Studies
Authors: Tiberti Simone , Milani Gabriele
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

The recent wave of seismic shocks in Central Italy (2016) had once more disastrous consequences for the local monuments, which consisted of old masonry churches and towers. The permanent, seismic-induced damage to cultural heritage has become a serious issue that can no longer be downsized, and questions have been raised about how to satisfactorily assess the vulnerability of such heritage in advance. This paper deals with the investigations into the actual condition of a historic city center partially destroyed by the seismic sequence occurred in May 2012 in Emilia-Romagna. Namely, the case of Finale Emilia – a small to medium-sized village located at the very center of the stricken area – is considered.

Methods:

Three important heritage masterpieces were numerically analyzed using Finite Element meshes to deepen the knowledge of their seismic vulnerability and try to avoid similar disasters in the future. The first structure is a masonry castle known as “Castello delle Rocche”, which underwent severe damages during the seismic sequence. The second and third examples deal with the structural analysis of two towers, both collapsed due to the quakes: the Fortified Tower of the castle and the Clock Tower of the village. The last analysis is devoted to study the seismic behavior of a medium-sized masonry church (Santa Maria del Rosario), heavily damaged by the seismic sequence and whose bell tower collapsed due to the formation of a hinge at mid-height.

Results and Conclusion:

Numerical models were created for all the buildings involved, and a variety of advanced analyses were carried out, including nonlinear static and dynamic ones, to have a deep insight into their expected vulnerability, also finding reasonable correspondence between the numerical results and the actual state of damage observed during the surveys made in the aftermath of the seismic events.
Seismic Vulnerability and Fragility of Existing Italian Industrial Steel Buildings
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Di Lorenzo Gianmaria , Iannuzzi Ida , Landolfo Raffaele
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

The recent L’Aquila (2009) and Emilia-Romagna (2012) Italian earthquakes have highlighted the vulnerability of recently erected buildings, with particular reference to industrial ones. Although steel buildings have usually demonstrated a good behaviour under earthquakes, with limited damages and rare cases of collapse, they still represent a structural typology at risk due to the significant exposure connected to the importance of the resources they host.

Methods:

In the paper a parametric study on several industrial steel buildings, different for typology, geometrical dimensions, seismic zones and snow geographic areas, has been done through pushover analyses.

Results and Conclusion:

The results have allowed to plot vulnerability curves, which have been compared to seismic fragility curves derived from literature observational studies. The comparison among curves has allowed to estimate the effectiveness of the literature fragility studies, as well as to evaluate the seismic damages suffered by investigated structures under dissimilar grade earthquakes.
The Influence of Dowel-Pin Connections on the Seismic Fragility Assessment of RC Precast Industrial Buildings
Authors: Mezzapelle Pardo Antonio , Scalbi Agnese , Clementi Francesco , Lenci Stefano
Published: January 2018

Background:

Recent major earthquakes in the centre of the Italy, between August and October 2016, have reaffirmed the seismic vulnerability of precast industrial buildings with a lot of collapse recorded. This is typical due to the past Italian building practices, where structural deficiencies are mainly related to the capacity to transfer horizontal forces between primary structural elements.

Objectives and Methods:

In these types of structures, a key role is played by the dowel pin connections which allow to transfer lateral horizontal forces from the beam to the column, without losing load carrying capacity. For this reason, in this work, the assessment of the seismic fragility of single-story reinforced concrete precast building located not far from the epicentres of the two aforementioned earthquakes was done.

Results and Conclusion:

The seismic risk was evaluated in terms of annual frequency of exceedance for three performance levels provided by the European and Italian seismic codes, considering the mean hazard curves for the site. The comparison between the fragility of different structural models shows the importance in the choice of the column-beam connection modelling to obtain reliable results on the structural safety assessment.
Experimental vs. Numerical Simulations: Seismic Response of a Half Scale Three-Storey Infilled RC Building Strengthened Using FRP Retrofit
Authors: Bianchi Federica , Nascimbene Roberto , Pavese Alberto
Published: January 2018

Background:

In the field of seismic analysis of structures, the use of appropriate Finite Elements software packages to manage more complex numerical models and to run more sophisticated analyses (such as nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses) in very short runtimes has increased significantly in the last decades.

In order to have confidence in the numerical results of these complex analyses, it has become an increasingly widespread practice to verify and validate the FE computers programs against literature case studies as well as experimental results. Focusing on this latter aspect, shaking-table experiments on real buildings play an important role in understanding the actual behaviour of such structures.

Objective:

In the present work, the numerical evaluation of the seismic response of a half scale three-storey infilled RC building that has been strengthened using composite materials (i.e. FRP retrofit) is carried out by adopting specific modelling techniques. The adequacy of the numerical modelling is then verified by comparing numerical results against experimental data.
Criteria for Preliminary Design of an Arched Steel Bridge on Shallow Foundation Under Soil Liquefaction Conditions
Authors: Vassilopoulou Isabella , Kaymenaki Vasiliki , Gantes Charis J. , Bouckovalas George
Published: January 2018

Introduction:

The research is based on a proposed new foundation design method of bridges on liquefiable soil, consisting of using a shallow foundation and exploiting the liquefiable soil layer as natural seismic isolation, replacing thus the commonly employed deep foundation method. The use of this concept may be hindered by detrimental effects, such as large displacements and rotations that are expected to take place at the foundation of the structure during a strong seismic event, associated with permanent displacements due to the liquefaction phenomenon.

Methods:

The aim of the current study is to investigate the response of an arched steel bridge with two simply supported spans to displacements and rotations induced by soil liquefaction, delineate the acceptable limits of such ground movements that the bridge can sustain, avoiding the collapse of the superstructure, and define criteria for the preliminary design of the spread footing of the middle pier. To that effect, nonlinear analyses are performed, taking into account geometric and material nonlinearities. Displacements and rotations are imposed at the base of the pier and their amplitude is gradually increased until the first group of structural elements that reach failure is detected.

Results and Conclusion:

The values of displacements and rotations, for which failure occurs, specify the tolerable design limits. This is a first step towards investigating the feasibility of the above concept for bridges of this type.
Successful Nonoperative Treatment of a Lumbar Spine Extension Injury with Disruption of all Three Bony Columns in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis – A Case Report
Authors: Faqeeh Ali , Yen David
Published: January 2018

Study Design:

A case report.

Background:

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis have altered spinal biomechanics putting them at increased risk of spinal fractures that are unstable. As a result there is an increasing trend to treat these fractures with surgical stabilization. We hypothesize that the fracture pattern is also an important factor in patients with this disease and that those with an extension injury in the lumbar spine can be treated with brace immobilization.

Objective:

Report on the non-operative management of an elderly patient, with ankylosing spondylitis, who sustained an extension injury of all three bony columns of the lumbar spine.

Methods:

A case report of a 70-year-old man who fell from a standing height, sustaining a three-column fracture at L1-2, who did not want surgical stabilization.

Results:

External brace immobilization was used and the patient was closely monitored. At his final 13 month follow-up, the patient had no clinical evidence of spinal instability or neurologic compromise and radiologically we could see callous formation anteriorly and laterally between the L1 and L2 vertebral bodies.These bridged the trebeculae across the middle and posterior columns at L1 and L2 on the lateral view, and there was no change in the sagittal or coronal alignment" to "There was mature bridging bone across the middle and posterior columns at L1 and L2 on the lateral view, and there was no change in the sagittal or coronal alignment

Conclusion:

This case supports our hypothesis that the fracture pattern is an important factor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and adds to the body of knowledge in the scientific literature concerning non-operative treatment of fractures in patients with ankylosed spines. Further study is required to determine whether ours is an isolated case or whether this applies to a wider population of ankylosing spondylitis patients.
Clustering Directions Based on the Estimation of a Mixture of Von Mises-Fisher Distributions
Authors: Figueiredo Adelaide
Published: January 2018

Background:

In the statistical analysis of directional data, the von Mises-Fisher distribution plays an important role to model unit vectors. The estimation of the parameters of a mixture of von Mises-Fisher distributions can be done through the Estimation-Maximization algorithm.

Objective:

In this paper we propose a dynamic clusters type algorithm based on the estimation of the parameters of a mixture of von Mises-Fisher distributions for clustering directions, and we compare this algorithm with the Estimation-Maximization algorithm. We also define the between-groups and within-groups variability measures to compare the solutions obtained with the algorithms through these measures.

Results:

The comparison of the clusters obtained with both algorithms is provided for a simulation study based on samples generated from a mixture of two Fisher distributions and for an illustrative example with spherical data.
Halaman Depan
Authors: Setiawan Benni
Published: January 2018

Cover, susunan redaksi, daftar isi, editorial
Implementasi model pembelajaran math-science berbasis performance assessment untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa di daerah perkebunan kopi Jember
Authors: Suratno Suratno , Kurniati Dian
Published: January 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpkir kritis siswa kelas V SD di sekitar perkebunan kopi Garahan Jember melalui penerapan model pembelajaran math-science berbasis performance assessment. Kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan pembuktian, kemampuan generalisasi, dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Data dianalisis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Uji coba penelitian ini diterapkan pada dua SD di sekitar perkebunan kopi yaitu MI Al –Amin Garahan dan SD Negeri Sidomulyo 03 Jember dengan subyek penelitian sebanyak 80 siswa. Data diperoleh dari hasil kinerja siswa selama mengerjakan post test pada materi math-science dan wawancara. Pada siklus pertama terdapat 8 siswa (10%) yang memenuhi semua indikator kemampuan generalisasi dan pembuktian, sedangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah belum berkembang dengan maksimal. Pada siklus kedua terdapat peningkatan, yaitu terdapat 22 siswa (27.5%) yang mampu memiliki kemampuan pembuktian dan kemampuan generalisasi. Pada siklus ketiga terdapat 32 siswa (40%) yang mampu memiliki semua kemampuan berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.Kata kunci: math-science, performance assessment, kemampuan berpikir kritis THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MATH-SCIENCE LEARNING MODEL BASED ON PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILL IN JEMBER COFFEE PLANTATION AREAAbstractThe research is aimed t knowing the improvement of the critical thinking skills of the fifth grade students in Garahan Coffee plantation area through the implementation math-science learning model based on performance assessment. In this research, the critical thinking skills include proof skill, generalization skill, and problem solving skill. Data were analized by quantitative and qualitative approach. This research was implemented to two elementary schools in Garahan coffee plantation area, namely MI Al-Amin Garahan and SD Negeri Sidomulyo 03 Jember, with 80 students as the subject. Data were obtained from the result of students’ post test on math-science and interview. In the first trial, there are 8 students (10%) who comply with all indicators of generalization and proof skills, while the problem solving skill has not optimally been developed. The result of the second trial has increased to 22 students (27.5%) who have proof and generalization skills. The third trial shows that 32 students (40%) comply with all indicators of critical thinking skills, namely proof, generalization, and problem solving skills. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that there is improvement on students’ critical thinking skill.Keywords: math-science, performance assessment, critical thinking skill
Pengembangan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis pada materi Optik Geometri untuk mahasiswa Fisika
Authors: Pradana Shan Duta Sukma , Parno Parno , Handayanto Supriyono Koes
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian & pengembangan yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE dengan urutan tahapan penganalisisan, perencanaan, pengembangan, pengimplementasian, dan pengevaluasian, tetapi pada penelitian ini hanya dilakukan sampai tahap pengimplementasian. Tes yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari lima belas butir soal uraian. Validasi terhadap butir soal tes dilakukan dua kali, yaitu validasi isi dan validasi empiris. Hasil validasi isi menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata butir soal tes sebesar 3,394 berkategori baik, sedangkan hasil validasi empiris menunjukkan bahwa ada sebelas soal berkategori valid dan empat soal berkategori tidak valid. Sebelas soal yang berkategori valid memiliki nilai koefisien reliabilitas Cronbach Alpha sebesar 0,67. Hasil implementasi tes menunjukkan hasil bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa sebesar 27,20 dari 100,00  dengan nilai tertinggi 71,05 dan nilai terendah 2,63. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa masih kurang.Kata kunci: tes kemampuan bepikir kritis, kemampuan berpikir kritis DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS TEST IN GEOMETRICAL OPTIC FOR PHYSICS STUDENTAbstractThe kind of this study is the research and development that aims to develop critical thinking skills test. This study uses ADDIE model that has five steps: analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate, but in this study only done until the implementing step. This test consists of fifteen items essay test. Validation of this test performed twice, content validation and empirical validation. Content validation shows that this test have good categorized with average score 3,394, whereas empirical validation shows that there are eleven items that have valid categorized and four items that have invalid categorized. The valid items have reliabity coefficient Alpha Cronbach 0,67. The result of implementing step shows that students have average of critical thinking skill score 27,20 from 100,00 with the higest score 71,05 and the lowest score 2,63. This result shows that students’ critical thinking skills are still lacks.Keywords: critical thinking skills test, critical thinking skills
Benefits of Using the Facebook from the Malaysian Perspectives
Authors: Din Noorriati , Haron Shireen
Published: January 2018

This paper is to study the benefits of using the Facebook from the Malaysian perspectives. In finding the answers to this study, the questions posted were related to the hours spend, language used, types of knowledge sharing, and the interaction pattern. The respondents' feedback responses were analyzed through the content analysis. Findings showed Facebook culture is related to knowledge sharing as a way of life. It can be a platform for future research on the capabilities and benefits of online social networking. This research gives an insight on how Malaysians shared knowledge and benefits that they obtained through Facebook.
Co2, Quality of Life and Economic Growth in ASEAN 8
Authors: Borhan Halimahton , Ahmed Elsadig Musa , Hitam Mizan
Published: January 2018

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between CO2 on quality of life and on economic growth in ASEAN 8. Pollution may directly decrease output and quality of life by decreasing productivity of man-made capital and labor. The income levels per capita gross domestic product per capita were measured from the year 1965 to 2010. This study formulates a three equation simultaneous model for empirical research. For panel data, the Hausman specification test is the classical test of whether the fixed or random effects model should be used. In the pollution indicator emissions CO2 in ASEAN 8, the Environmental Kuznets Curve relationship is found.