bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal features of inland waterways
Authors: Moshak G. G.
Published: February 2025

The author notes that in national practice, inland waterways are classified according to conflicting rules. There are no legal studies on the validity of the classification of inland waterways. The results of the study show that the legal regulation of inland waterway parameters in different European countries has both common features and significant differences. In most cases it is based on the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN). Compared to other countries, Romania, the Netherlands and the United States have more detailed regulations, which is due to the development of inland navigation in these countries. If the classification of an inland waterway is based on high quality legal standards, this has positive legal, transport, economic, social and environmental consequences.
The study presents the results of an analysis of certain legal provisions and practices related to the classification of inland waterways in Ukraine, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Romania and the United States. The results show that the classification of inland waterways is a powerful and dynamic tool for the implementation of policies and projects in this field. To combat the questionable expansion of private control over water bodies, states can use the concept of navigability used in the United States. The introduction of the American concept of navigability provides a legal opportunity to limit private impacts on water resources and to use environmental movements to secure the legitimate interests of coastal landowners.
When improving the legislation on the classification of inland waterways in Ukraine, it is advisable to take into account the experience of the Netherlands, Romania and the United States. It would be advisable to extend the list of inland waterways to include canals and routes passing through inland sea waters.
The application of legal criteria for the classification of inland waterways will speed up the integration of Ukrainian inland navigation into the EU transport network and prevent the abuse of private rights over water bodies. It will also help to meet the growing demand for goods and passenger transport.
Realization of principle of the rule of law in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Petechel N. M.
Published: February 2025

The article examines some aspects of realization of the rule of law principle in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The author notes that the principle of the rule of law is a fundamental component of international legal acts regulating human rights and fundamental freedoms. It is emphasized that the Constitution of Ukraine proclaims that the principle of the rule of law is recognized and operates in Ukraine, but the concept of the rule of law itself is not fully disclosed in national legislation. The principle of the rule of law is actually the only effective means of ensuring the inviolability of democracy.
The separate elements of this principle as its integral parts and mandatory prerequisites through which the European Court of Human Rights reveals the content of the rule of law was considered. The author provides examples of grouping certain requirements of the rule of law in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The author notes that there are no unified approaches to understanding the exact meaning of the rule of law principle either in theory or in practice. The author substantiates that the elements of the rule of law in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights are legality, legal certainty, fairness of a trial and priority of human rights. The main element of the rule of law in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights is legality. The requirement of legality has formal (procedural) and substantive aspects (requirements for the quality of the law). It is noted that the requirement to respect human rights and recognize their priority is key in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Cases of human rights restrictions must comply with the principle of proportionality.
The provisions of the documents of the Venice Commission on the understanding of principle of the rule are analyzed, the activity of the European Court of Human Rights in ensuring the principle of the rule of law in the process of protection of human rights and freedoms is studied.
The author concludes that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights is the basis for understanding the essence of the rule of law as a principle. The author emphasizes that the case law of the European Court of Human Rights has a positive impact on the indicators of strengthening the rule of law in the state, and contributes to the improvement of each individual element of this principle and all of them in aggregate.
The concept of “legacy” in the inheritance law of Ukraine
Authors: Pasternak V. M.
Published: February 2025

It is indicated that one of the manifestations of the dispositive nature of inheritance law is the legal possibility of establishing a testamentary waiver, enshrined in Article 1237 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, which is the embodiment of the freedom of will.
The norms of inheritance law began to develop actively in the times of Ancient Rome. At each stage of development, the content of inheritance law underwent certain formations and transformations that were associated with the development of the state, especially its social and economic sphere. Although at all stages the basis remained property succession. A feature of Roman inheritance law is that it developed in parallel with the institution of property and family, because it had a family character due to the all-encompassing and absolute power of the father. This means that property was preserved within the boundaries of one family, one clan.
If we turn to modern inheritance law, we see a significant similarity. Thus, modern inheritance law also ensures and protects the transfer of property from the deceased to his legal successor. These norms are enshrined in the Civil Code of Ukraine, and some provisions are also contained in other regulatory acts – for example, in the Law of Ukraine “On Notaries”. Along with inheritance by law and will, in Roman law there was singular succession, that is, granting a person certain rights without imposing obligations on him. It existed in two forms: legate and fideicomis. Let us consider in more detail the term “legate” in the inheritance law of Ukraine.
A legacy is a testamentary refusal, a gratuitous testamentary disposition of the testator, which was made in a will, regarding the provision of certain sums of money or things to the heirs to a specific person, on the basis of which a singular inheritance arose. Whereas, a fideicomis is an informal legacy, an oral or written disposition of the testator’s last will, through which he obliges the testator on his word of honor to give the inheritance or its share to a third person. In ancient Rome, a person had the right to refuse to accept an inheritance, a similar provision exists in modern inheritance law.
Economic order and constitutional order
Authors: Kasynets S. I.
Published: February 2025

It is indicated that the architecture of the modern state and its socio-economic development are based on two fundamental categories - the constitutional order and the economic order. These categories form a complex system of interdependent relations: on the one hand, the norms of the constitution outline the legal field for economic activity, and on the other - economic processes affect the implementation of constitutional principles and observance of citizens’ rights.
The article examines the relationship between the constitutional order and the economic order as fundamental categories that determine the architecture of the modern state. Theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of the constitutional order and its relationship with the categories «state order» and «social order» are analyzed. The features of the constitutional and legal regulation of economic relations and the role of the constitution in the formation of the economic system of the state are highlighted. It is substantiated that the constitutional system provides not only for the formal constitutional registration of state-social relations, but also for the obligatory recognition by the state authorities of their limitation by law and the sovereign right of the people to exercise power. The transformation of the role of the state in the economic sphere and its reflection in modern constitutions are studied, in particular regarding the protection of competition, combating monopolization, supporting the national producer and ensuring the social orientation of economic policy. The peculiarities of the formation of the economic system of Ukraine in the context of the transition from a planned-command to a market economy and the need to form an economic model that would correspond to national characteristics are considered. The importance of ensuring a balance between economic freedom and state regulation, between private economic interests and the public good is emphasized. It is determined that the effectiveness of constitutional and legal regulation of economic relations depends on taking into account national characteristics and historical conditions of the state’s development when forming an economic model and mechanisms for its legal support.
Justification of the lawful behavior of an individual as a guarantee of the security and integrity of the state
Authors: Golovchak R. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article emphasizes that preserving the integrity of the state is possible due to the conscious observance by citizens of laws, moral and legal norms, a high level of legal awareness and legal culture of the population, respect for the rule of law, which determine the legal and lawful behavior of citizens. It is noted that the integrity of the state is a complex and multifaceted process that requires a balanced approach to the coordination of individual and public interests, as well as harmonious interaction between the state and citizens. It is noted that the basis for understanding the impact of lawful behavior on the integrity of the state is a person, the level and depth of his socialization, the development of political and legal consciousness, legal culture in general, civic position and other factors. It is clear that the lawful behavior of citizens creates conditions for the stable and safe functioning of the state. It contributes to maintaining public order, protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, and also ensures the integrity and security of the country. Instead, the disclosure of the causes, manifestations and consequences of unlawful behavior as a threat to social stability, peace and security, play an equally important role, and therefore their further analysis will be relevant for substantiating the lawful behavior of a person as a guarantee of security and integrity of the state. And, finally, it was found out how it is possible to influence a person (citizen) from the point of view of his legal education, development of legal culture and civic consciousness. It was noted that a special role in the implementation of the above tasks belongs to educational institutions, which should ensure not only the acquisition of academic knowledge, but also the formation of an understanding of the social importance of lawful behavior in young people. In addition, it was stated that a significant role in strengthening national security and stability is played by international cooperation and support, active participation of Ukraine in global and regional meetings, conferences, organizations. Only with the interaction of the above and many other factors can the true integrity and stability of the state be achieved.
The role of the media in ensuring state policy in the field of human rights
Authors: Lysenko Y. O.
Published: February 2025

The study is driven by the growing role of the information space in ensuring the stability of the state, adherence to democratic principles and protection of human rights. In the context of globalisation, the active development of digital technologies and the rise of information threats, including propaganda and cybercrime, the importance of the media as a tool for influencing society and guaranteeing freedom of speech is more than obvious. This is especially true for Ukraine, which is facing military challenges and information aggression, which requires improvement of regulatory frameworks and the development of an effective information policy. The article emphasises the importance of the media as a crucial tool for promoting and implementing state policy in the field of human rights. The media play a crucial role in shaping public opinion, promoting transparency in public administration and ensuring citizens’ rights to access to information. Given the numerous challenges we face today, including military conflicts, information wars, and the spread of disinformation and manipulative content, the question of how the state and the media can cooperate to create a safe and democratic information space is of utmost importance.
This article analyses the legal framework governing the media in Ukraine, as well as the functions of the media in promoting the rule of law, ensuring access to information, monitoring human rights violations and reporting them. legal framework governing the media in Ukraine, as well as the functions of the media in promoting the rule of law, ensuring access to information, monitoring human rights violations and reporting them. Particular attention is paid to the challenges of restricting freedom of speech, the impact of censorship and ensuring information security by the state.
The article emphasises the importance of formulating a state information policy that strikes a balance between ensuring national security and respecting the rights and freedoms of citizens. The importance of cooperation between the government, media and civil society in creating an effective information ecosystem that promotes democracy and human rights is emphasised.
System of proof means in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kikinchuk V. V.
Published: February 2025

In this article, it has been emphasized that one of the integral components of proof in criminal proceedings is means of proof. However, unjustifiably little attention is paid by both scientists and practitioners to the issue of means of evidence, in particular, determining their essence. It has been emphasized that means of evidence and evidence in criminal proceedings have common features that indicate and at the same time determine their interdependence. It has been found that the means of evidence in criminal proceedings are tools for obtaining, verifying and evaluating evidence during pre-trial investigation and trial. The main features of the means of evidence in criminal proceedings have been identified, which in their entirety determine their essence, are: regulation by criminal procedural legislation of the grounds and the procedure for their use; aimed at establishing circumstances that are subject to proof and are important for criminal proceedings, as well as motivating the adoption of procedural decisions and arguing legal positions on procedural issues; compliance with international legal standards; used exclusively by authorized entities during criminal proceedings. Means of evidence in criminal proceedings have been systematized according to the following criteria: 1) depending on the methods of proof, it is worth distinguishing: means of collecting evidence; means of verifying evidence; means of evaluating evidence; 2) depending on their nature, they distinguish: procedural actions: investigative (search), covert investigative (search) actions, measures to ensure criminal proceedings, requesting and receiving things, copies of documents, information, expert opinions, audit conclusions, inspection reports, other procedural actions; mental actions: analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, Supreme Court decisions, evidence available in the materials of criminal proceedings, etc.; mixed – a combination of procedural and mental actions; 3) depending on the purpose, there are: means-instruments of proof; means-methods of proof.
A Bibliometric Study on the Development of Radio Broadcasting Literature
Authors: Anwar Rully Khairul , Abidin Asep Zainal , Winoto Yunus
Published: February 2025

Radio broadcasting is a significant communication medium in modern society. Since the early 1900s, radio broadcasting has progressed alongside technological advancements and scholarly discussions. Thus, a bibliometric analysis of radio broadcasting is essential. This study utilized a bibliometric framework to identify trends, patterns, and advancements in radio broadcasting literature. The Scopus database was utilized for data collection via a bibliometric literature review. The gathered data was assessed through bibliometric indicators such as author review, journal analysis, country evaluation, and trend analysis. The research methodology is quantitative, focusing on numerical data and statistical analysis for data processing. Selecting the quantitative methodology was driven by the need to integrate the numerical data with statistical computations. Consequently, this study adopted a quantitative research framework employing bibliometric techniques. The findings revealed that most authors published few articles, while some had high citation counts, reflecting low productivity in this field. The journal "Journal of Radio and Audio Media" is acknowledged for its quality. The United States is the leading country in scholarly publications on radio broadcasting. Recent trends in the field include "radio broadcasting," "radio," "television broadcasting," and "digital radio." Enhancing author productivity and fostering cross-institutional collaboration in radio broadcasting research is crucial for further advancement.
Community Radio Research Trends in Communication Science: A Co-Authorship Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sjuchro Dian Wardiana , Rahmatullah Tansah , Nurfauziah Isni
Published: February 2025

The lack of research on community radio is one of the obstacles to gaining an in-depth understanding of the relevant development and dynamics. Collaborative research is believed to be the alternative solution as a wider research range increases interest in the study. Further, increased interest can generate a greater contribution to community radio. Using Bibliometrics, this study analyzed the development trend of co-authorship-based community radio research from 1999 to March 2024. It found several significant findings. Firstly, there are indications that the topic of community radio is of less interest in scientific literature due to the limited number of publications, only 75 articles. Secondly, there is a drastic downward trend in the number of publications on community radio over some time, from 2017 to 2024. Thirdly, from the analysis of researcher networks (co-authorship), there is no overall centralized pattern of researcher relationships. While there are some partial relationships among researchers, there must be a consistent or centralized pattern in the community radio research network. Research on community radio requires methodological renewal by investigating new and innovative approaches and collaborations that allow for the expansion of research networks.
APPROACHES TO RELIGION AND ISLAMIC STUDIES: THE DOCTRINAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Ariati Fitri , Zulfikri  , Retoliah Retoliah
Published: February 2025

This study explored two prominent methodologies in the study of religion and Islam: the doctrinal and philosophical approaches. The doctrinal approach emphasized the sacred and immutable nature of Islamic teachings, viewing them as divine doctrines. While this method was vital for internal understanding among adherents, it required complementary perspectives to address contemporary challenges. Conversely, the philosophical approach applied systematic, rational, and universal thinking to uncover the deeper meanings and values within Islamic teachings. By integrating these approaches, the study demonstrated how Islamic studies could balance normative and empirical insights to adapt to modern societal needs. This interdisciplinary exploration highlighted the significance of contextualizing Islamic principles to promote interfaith harmony and foster intellectual engagement.
Retratos docentes: exploración de la memoria escolar durante la formación inicial de maestras y maestros de educación infantil
Authors: Sierra Nieto J. Eduardo , Gómez Noelia , Millán Alcaide Nieves
Published: February 2025

Avanzando en nuestro interés por conectar docencia e instigación, le planteamos al alumnado de Teoría de la Educación componer retratos docentes a través de los cuales hacer el doble ejercicio de (i) re-crear su memoria escolar y de (ii) pensar la enseñanza desde una pedagogía relacional. Una vez recopilados los ejercicios, realizamos un trabajo de tematización y categorización que, posteriormente, devolvimos al grupo para seguir pensando en el aula en uno de los asuntos centrales de la asignatura: la relación educativa.
Analyzing the use of rigid- or elastic-plastic finite models for the simulating of cutting processes
Authors: Stupnytskyy Vadym , Prodanchuk Oleh , Dyshev Oleksandr
Published: February 2025

The simulation modeling of cutting processes represents a powerful scientific instrument for investigating stress-strain and thermodynamic processes in machined materials. Nevertheless, the principal obstacle to the extensive deployment of this scientific approach is inadequate precision of the resulting research outcomes. This is due to the complexity of formalizing the physical and mechanical forming pattern, considering all the dominant factors in building a high-quality cutting model. Additionally, there is a need for professional experience from the researcher to correctly describe the physical model of the material, as well as a logical selection of fracture criteria, among other factors. One of the most significant challenges in ensuring the accuracy of cutting modeling processes is formalization of the description of a rigid-plastic or elasto-plastic FEA model for analyzing the behavior of materials during machining. The article presents a scientifically based argument for the practicality of using these techniques in simulation modeling systems. It also provides practical recommendations for researchers on constructing an accurate FEA simulation model in DEFORM 2D. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of simulation studies of cutting-induced residual stresses for heterogeneous materials are confirmed by experimental investigations.
Almost Everywhere Convergence of Varying Parameter Setting Cesàro Means of Fourier Series with Respect to Walsh–Kaczmarz System
Authors: Adimasu Anteneh Tilahun
Published: February 2025

In this paper, the almost everywhere convergence of Cesàro means of Walsh–Kaczmarz–Fourier series in a varying parameter setting is investigated. In particular, we define subsequence ℕ
αn,q

of natural numbers and prove that the maximal operator

sup

n
∈
ℕ

α

n
,
q

|

σ

n

α

n

f

|

\mathop {\sup }\limits_{n \in \mathbb{N}{\alpha _{n,q}}} \left| {\sigma _n^{{\alpha _n}}f} \right|

is of strong type (H
1, L
1), where H
1 is a Hardy space.
Incidences of taillessness in Acanthopagrus arabicus and Oreochromis niloticus collected from the Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Abed Jassim M. , Jawad Laith A. , Ankush Mujtaba A.
Published: February 2025

Taillessness (the absence of the caudal fin and some of the caudal peduncle) is described in Acanthopagrus arabicus Iwatsuki and Oreochromis niloticus (L.) specimens collected from the Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. The abnormal specimens completely lacked caudal fins and peduncles. The last remaining caudal vertebra was turned downward in A. arabicus, whereas the remaining parts of the caudal fin skeleton were turned upward in O. niloticus. The abnormalities were assessed by morphological diagnosis. None of the cases was fatal as they occurred in adult individuals. The likely reasons for these abnormalities and the appropriateness of this case study for environmental monitoring are discussed. Additional studies should be conducted from the viewpoint of pollution.
Helminths and helminth communities of Chondrostoma nasus from the Danube River, northwestern Bulgaria
Authors: Zaharieva Radoslava G. , Kirin Diana A. , Zaharieva Petya G.
Published: February 2025

In the 2019–2021 period, a total of 349 specimens of Chondrostoma nasus (L.) from the border zone of the Danube River (Kudelin, Koshava, and Yasen biotopes), in northwestern Bulgaria were subjected to interdisciplinary research. A total of 11 helminth taxa belonging to four classes (Trematoda, Cestoda, Acanthocephala, Nematoda) were identified. Two helminth species (Pomphorhynchus laevis and Contracaecum sp.) were common to common nase from the three biotopes studied. The helminth communities of the species at the level of the component communities and the infracommunities were analyzed for the first time in Bulgaria. Helminth species pathogenic to fishes and humans were found in the helminth communities of Ch. nasus.
Non-Timber Forest Products and Their Income Contributions to Rural Households in Kalu District, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Abate Hussen Yimer , Tebkew Mekuanent
Published: February 2025

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are crucial for rural livelihoods either for subsistence or income generation. However, the natural vegetation and forests in the study area have been degraded by human impacts leading to habitat loss. Therefore it is essential to study and document evidence about NTFPs and their value in the study area. The main aim of this study is to assess non-timber forest products and their income contributions in Kalu District, Northeast Ethiopia. Three Kebeles were purposively selected based on NTFP availability, household reliance on NTFP collection and time. A total of 149 sample household respondents were selected using simple random sampling methods from the three Kebeles (Ancharo, Keteteya, and Gedero) in proportionate allocations. Data were collected through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, direct observations and structured and semi-structured household interviews. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study identified six major types of NTFPs used by households, namely: energy sources (fuel-wood and charcoal), medicinal plants, household utensils, wild edibles, wild spices, and fodders. The most important NTFPs included honey, fuel wood, charcoal and others (household utensils, edible fruits), contributing 39 %, 31 %, 25 %, and 5 % of forest income, respectively. NTFPs contributed 13.3 % of the total annual household income in the study area. The findings of this study revealed that incomes derived from NTFPs in the study area were relatively low compared to other sources of income. Therefore, polices and strategies aimed at improving the well-being of the local people should pay attention to the contribution of NTFPs to their livelihoods.
Country Music: The Most Diverse Genre?
Authors: Hodges Jr. Dan Galen
Published: February 2025

The genre of country music rose to prominence and notoriety during the golden age of radio in the early 1900s due to the reach of AM radio and the popularity of Nashville, Tennessee’s WSM radio show the Grand Ole Opry. Broadcast from the historic Ryman Auditorium, the early pioneers of the genre included artists Roy Acuff, Bill Monroe, and Uncle Dave Macon. Among the mostly white early Opry stars, harmonica wizard DeFord Bailey, a black man from a farming family in Smith County, Tennessee, was one of the fan favorites and draws of the traveling show associated with the popular radio program. Until recent years, very few black artists like Bailey have risen to prominence in the country market; however, black music was, and still is, a major influence in the overall genre. In addition to Bailey’s early contributions, the roots of country music stemmed from many different musical styles, including blues, jazz, gospel, western, folk, and hillbilly music. As the genre grew and progressed to the current era, it has continued to be influenced by various music styles while maintaining its distinct description as country music. Explored in this paper are the diverse influences on the genre from its birth to the current era, making it arguably one of the most diverse genres of music.
Perceived Risk & Intention to Invest Through Online Real Estate Sites
Authors: Zaheer Kainat , Mumtaz Tahir , Fatima Tayyba , Kamran Muhammad , Alharthi Majed
Published: February 2025

The research aims to identify how perceived risk tends to affect the intention to invest through online real estate sites. It also tends to identify the mediating role of investing attitude of the investors and their brand equity related to those sites. Survey approach was used to gather and compile all the data, and hypotheses were tested through the structural equation modeling technique. The outcomes revealed a negative role played by economic, functional, time and social risk on the intention of investors to invest through online real estate sites. The five different kinds of perceived risk showed a negative influence on investing attitude and brand equity except for social risk which positively influenced brand equity and investing attitude. Investing attitude and brand equity cause a positive change in investors’ intentions to invest. In addition to it, investing attitude and brand equity of online real estate sites significantly mediates the linkage between all types of perceived risk and investors’ investment intentions. Online real estate sites can use this model to determine how different investors perceive risk related to real estate sites and in turn work on these factors to increase their intentions for investment which ultimately is the primary basis of actual investment. There have not been many studies related to investment through online real estate sites. Especially in Pakistan, no such study that involved the investors’ intentions to invest through online real estate sites had been conducted earlier. Brand Equity of online real estate sites is also a variable which has been studied for the first time in this work with intentions to invest. Thus, this study presents the first confirmation of this model within the online real estate industry.
Nurses’ experiences of workplace bullying: A qualitative cross-cultural study
Authors: Karatuna Işıl , Jönsson Sandra , Muhonen Tuija
Published: February 2025

Background: Workplace bullying is a severe and widespread occupational problem that negatively affects individuals, organizations, and societies. Studies have shown that national culture influences the way bullying is understood and experienced across different countries. However, our understanding of the cross-cultural variations in workplace bullying is still lacking. This study aimed to compare nurses’ experiences of workplace bullying in two culturally distinct countries: Turkey and Sweden.

Methods: Using a qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses (21 Turkish, 16 Swedish) who identified themselves as targets and/or bystanders of workplace bullying. Data were collected during 2019/2020 and analyzed using the deductive content analysis method.

Results: There were many similarities between the Turkish and Swedish nurses in their reports of the most common types, antecedents, effects of, and target responses to workplace bullying. Differences were observed between countries concerning the source of bullying and in bystander responses.

Conclusion: The findings emphasize that workplace bullying is a serious problem in the nursing profession across cultures and attention should be paid to cultural factors in understanding the varying bullying-related experiences of nurses. Healthcare organizations should therefore consider developing tailor-made interventions that fit their local cultural contexts to deal with workplace bullying in a more effective way.
Pengembangan Komoditas Pertanian Berbasis Kesesuaian Lahan di Kecamatan Alor Tengah Utara Kabupaten Alor
Authors: Nalle Margiman S. , Lanya Indayati , Trigunasih Ni Made
Published: February 2025

Agricultural Commodity Development Based on Land Suitability in The District of Alor Central North Alor Regency. The development of agricultural commodities in Alor Regency is ased on land suitability. This study aims to analyze/land quality, analyze and create land use class maps, analyze farming priorities, create commodity zoning maps, and land use direction maps. Agricultural commodities include upland rice, corn, cassava, red chilies, tomatoes, robusta coffee, cocoa and cashew nuts. Using survey methods based on field observations, field and laboratory data, spatial analysis using remote sensing and information systems, land classification using land characteristics/quality methods with plant growing conditions. Commodity zoning and directions for agricultural land use by class based on the highest land, and existing land use. Feasibility of use with the calculation of the B/C Ratio. The results showed that the potential for upland rice, cassava, robusta coffee and cocoa were classified as marginally appropriate classes (S3wa12rc13), while corn, red chili, tomatoes, and cashew nuts were classified as quite appropriate classes (S2tcwa1lp12). Limiting factors include temperature, air availability, rooting media, and land preparation. The zoning of commodities in each land map unit includes corn, red chilies, tomatoes, and cashews. Directions for land use in mixed gardens, dry fields, paddy fields and rainfed rice fields are considered for the development of agricultural commodities with monoculture and polyculture cropping patterns. The B/C Ratio shows that agricultural commodities are feasible to be developed in North Central Alor District.
Identifikasi Senyawa Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Limbah Kulit Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Varietas Trinitario
Authors: Haryadi Celvin , Wirawan I Gede Putu , Sritamin Made
Published: February 2025

Identification of Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Cocoa Bean Shell Waste (Theobroma cacao L.) Trinitario Varieties. Cocoa is one of the mainstay commodities of plantations in Indonesia, contributing to the country's foreign exchange earnings. Byproducts such as fruit skins and pulp are produced during the production of dry cocoa beans, and waste in the form of cocoa bean husks is produced during the processing of dry cocoa beans into chocolate products. So far, cocoa bean husk waste has not been used optimally, leading to a low economic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the bioactive compounds in the skin and the levels of antioxidant compounds in cocoa bean husk waste so that it could be used as a raw material for medicine. The GC-MS analysis method was used to identify bioactive compounds in cocoa bean husk waste, and the DPPH method was used to test antioxidant activity. According to the results of the GC-MS analysis, the cocoa bean husk waste extract contains four compounds with quality value higher than 90. These four compounds are Alpha-Copaene, Copaene, Caryophyllene, and Caffeine. The antioxidant test results of the cocoa bean husk waste extract revealed an IC50 value of 86,213 ppm, indicating strong antioxidant activity because the IC50 value is between 50-100 ppm.
Analisis Spasial Pengembangan Daya Tarik Wisata Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis di Desa Manikyang Kecamatan Selemadeg Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Siddiqoh Fiki Aisyah , Sardiana I Ketut , Adi I Gusti Putu Ratna
Published: February 2025

Spatial Analysis of Tourist Attraction Development Based on Geographic Information System in Manikyang Village Selemadeg District Tabanan Regency. A tourist attraction is everything that has a unique attraction, interesting, high value, which can be a reason for tourists to visit a location. Manikyang village has tourism potential that has not been managed, tourism potential development has not been maximized, lack of utilization, management of natural resources and human resources so it has not been able to provide economic benefits for the community. Based on these problems, tourist attractions can be developed using spatial analysis based on Geographic Information System. The system performs tourist attraction analysis using spatial-based data and information. This study aims to identify the types and distribution of tourist attractions and analyze the direction of tourism attraction development in Manikyang Village. The method used is spatial analysis based on land use type, tourist attraction location points, facilities, and accessions. The results of spatial data processing and field surveys show that Manikyang Village has 6 natural tourism potentials, 4 artificial tourism potentials, and 3 cultural/religious tourism potentials spread across 5 banjar villages. The results show that Manikyang Village is suitable to be developed as a tourism themed Ecotourism and Religious Tourism with the tourism attraction development zone divided into a core zone covering an area of 19 ha (6.17%), a buffer zone covering an area of 277.38 ha (90.06%), and a support zone of 11.62 ha (3.77%).
Pengaruh Beberapa Jenis Lampu terhadap Hasil Tanaman Selada Keriting Hijau (Lactuca sativa L.) pada Plant Factory
Authors: Rusmita Gst Ayu Putu Ika Yulia , Suada I Ketut , Wirawan I Gede Putu
Published: February 2025

Effect of Several Types of Lights on Yield of Green Curly Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) at Plant Factory. Light intensity is the most important factor in the process of plant growth, light sources that can be received by plants other than the sun can also use light. This research took place from March to April 2022. This research was conducted at the Plant Factory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jl. Moyo Island No. 16X, Pedungan, South Denpasar. In this research experiment the design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 types of lamp treatments, namely: LED grow light, white LED lamp, yellow fluorescent lamp, white fluorescent lamp, combination of white, yellow, far-red HPL lamps and white fluorescent lamps. HPL combination of red, blue, yellow and repeated 4 times. The results of statistical analysis showed that the type of lamp treatment had a very significant effect on all observed variables, except number of leaves, and root dry weight. The type of lamp treatment had an effect on the yield of lettuce grown at the plant factory and was indicated by the total fresh weight with a value of (171.50 g) and total dry weight with value of (5.09 g) which were significantly different from other treatments. The best type of lamp for lettuce growth and yield is the best yellow fluorescent lamp.
Pengaruh Jenis Biochar dan Kompos terhadap Aktivitas Mikroorganisme Tanah
Authors: Soniari Ni Nengah , Sutari Ni Wayan Sri , Pradnyawathi Ni Luh Made
Published: February 2025

The Effect of Biochar Types and Compost on Soil Microorganism Activities. This research was carried out at the plastic house of Pasraman Unud Jimbaran from January to June 2021. The type of biochar used come from waste materials such as bamboo, rice husks, coconut shells, and corn cobs, while the compost was selected according to Indonesian National Standards. The purpose of this study was to determine the biochar material from several wastes combined with compost in supporting the activity of soil microorganisms as well as the N, P, K, pH and C-organic soil. The experimental design used in this study was a Simple Completely Randomized Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications so that it became 27 experimental units. The experimental treatments consisted of: B0 (control); B1 (1.5% rice husk biochar/ha); B2(1,5% biochar bamboo/ha); B3 (1.5% corncob biochar/ha); B4 (1.5% coconut shell biochar/ha); B5 (0.75% rice husk biochar + 0.75% compost)/ha; B6 (0.75% bamboo biochar + 0.75% compost)/ha; B7 (0.75% corncob biochar + 0.75% compost)/ha; B8 (0.75% coconut shell biochar + 0.75% compost/ha). Monitoring of media humidity is carried every 2 days and stirring once a week. Observations were made at the end of the incubation period (35 days) on soil respiration, C-organic, N-total and pH. The results showed that the highest activity of microorganisms occurred in the B6 treatment (0.75% bamboo biochar + 0.75% compost)/ha. The addition of (biochar + compost) to the soil gave a significantly different effect on organic C and total soil N.
Pengaruh Jenis Mulsa Organik terdahap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Tanah
Authors: Diputra I Made Martana , Rai I Nyoman , Santosa I Gusti Ngurah
Published: February 2025

The Effect of Organic Mulch Types on Growth and Production of Ground Peanuts. The condition of agricultural land in Bali which is starting to decrease due to the conversion of land to non-agricultural purposes has resulted in land optimization being urgently needed so that food needs can still be fulfilled. Land optimization can be carried out on potential dry lands and which have not been widely developed. In Bali, Subak Abian is an area to develop agriculture in dry land but mostly to obtain perennial plants produce so there are no many annual plants are cultivated. Based on this, to meet the needs of food diversification can be carried out by optimizing the dry land, introducing ground peanuts as annual crop and using the application of mulch as an alternative method of overcoming water problems in dry land. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of applying organic mulch on growth and yield ground peanuts in dry lands. This research was conducted at Subak Abian Tirta Taman Sari Tanah Ayu, Sibang Gede Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali and several variables were carried out at the Laboratory of Agronomy and Horticulture and Soil Environment Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University. This study used randomized block design with organic mulch treatment consisting of three levels, M0, M1, M2. The results showed ground peanuts on the M2 treatment significantly gave the highest yield to the variable number of pods (17,61 pods), fresh stover weight (194,72 g) and dry stover weight (46,62 g).
Kandungan Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksida dari Daun Tumbuhan Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) dengan Metode GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry)
Authors: Afrizal Afrizal , Wirawan I Gede Putu , Darmawati Ida Ayu Putri
Published: February 2025

Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Activity of the Leaves of the Senduduk Plant (Melastoma malabathricum L.) using the GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) Method. Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L) is one of the plants that can be used as traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the types of active compounds, levels of active compounds, and levels of antioxidant compounds in the leaves of the senduduk plant. This research lasted for 3 months. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with laboratory analysis techniques. Active compound analysis testing with GCMS analysis, testing and phytochemical levels, as well as determining the activity and levels of antioxidants. The results showed that the active compounds in senduduk leaf extract were mostly dominated by phenolic compounds and saponin compounds. The phenolic compound group contains active compounds 1,2,3-Benzenetriol and Vitamin e dl-.alpha.-Tocopherol with a percentage of 26.252% and the saponin group contains active compounds by fatty acids, namely hexanacanoic acid and linoleic acid with an area proportion of 14.25. %. The levels of active compounds from the phytochemical screening of the active compound group with the strongest levels were Alkaloids, Phenolics, and Saponins. The active compound group with moderate levels was only terpenoid active compounds, while the active compounds with sufficient levels contained steroids, flavonoids, and tannins which were tested by the Liebermann, Buchard, and Meyer reagent examination methods. The antioxidant activity in the extract of the leaves of this senresiden is strong enough, namely 70,607 ppm.
Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Tanaman sebagai Nematisida Nabati terhadap Tingkat Fekunditas Nematoda Puru Akar (Meloidogyne Spp.) pada Tanaman Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) di Rumah Kaca
Authors: Eaggeliony Jenifer Christy , Singarsa I Dewa Putu , Suniti Ni Wayan
Published: February 2025

The Effective Test of Plant Extracts as A Nematicide for Fecundity of Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Celery Plant (Apium graveolens L.) at Greenhouse. Root knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. is among the harmful organism in plant cultivation, one of which is in the celery plant. Nematodes caused drop in/reduced plant productivity and plant quality, it can even lead to death and crop failure. Base on the adverse effects of nematodes attack, it must be anticipated. Biopesticides is one of the alternatives that can be used to suppress the growth of nematodes and more environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of the plant extracts that suppress the number of egg mass, the number of eggs per egg mass and the number of adult females in 1 g of roots. This study using a completely randomized design (CRD), with 5 types of treatments and each treatments received 5 repetitions. The treatments are by giving each plant extracts of 100 cc per pot. The result showed that the extract of marigold plants (Tagetes spp.) has the highest effectiveness, with the percentage of emphasis on the number of eggmass in 1 g roots is 99%, the emphasis on the number of eggs per eggmass in 1 g roots is 84,6% and the emphasis on the number of adult females in 1 g roots is 99,4%. While extract of sour-plant showed that has the lowest effectiveness, with the percentage of emphasis on the number of eggmass in 1 g roots is 96,68%, the emphasis on the number of eggs per eggmass in 1 g roots is 60,72% and the emphasis on the number of adult females in 1 g roots is 98,44%.
Keanekaragaman Mesofauna Tanah pada Lahan Pertanian Sayuran Konvensional dan Organik di Kecamatan Baturiti
Authors: Silalahi Yohanna , Kesumadewi Anak Agung Istri , Atmaja I Wayan Dana
Published: February 2025

Diversity of Soil Mesofauna on Conventional Agricultural Land and Organic in Baturiti Sub-District. A comparative descriptive research was carried out to determine the impact of conventional and organic vegetable cultivation systems on the diversity of soil mesofauna in Baturiti District. Each three replicates of soil samples were taken from 5 types of vegetable plants cultivated on conventional agricultural and organic agricultural lands. The samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm from purposive vegetable field. Soil mesofauna was separately extracted from each soil sample using the Barlesse-Tullgren extraction method with under 45 watt lamp for 48 hours. The morphology of the mesofauna was observed under stereo microscope. The research results show that the soil mesofauna on conventional agricultural land consists of 7 orders, 18 families, 19 genera and 22 species with a total of 31 individuals per m2, while on organic agricultural land there are 7 orders, 17 families, 20 genera and 23 species with the number of individuals was 45. The soil mesofauna dominance index in all research locations was low between 0.02-0.15. The soil mesofauna diversity index in all research locations is in the medium category, namely between 1.87-2.62. The evenness index of soil mesofauna types throughout the research location is in the high category, namely between 0.95-1.09.