IMPROVEMENT OF SUBJECT-OBJECT RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF FORMATION OF NEEDS IN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF URBAN PARKS
Authors: VERNIHOROVA N.V. 
Published: October 2022

Topicality. Today in Ukraine there is no clear understanding of the mechanism of formation of demand for ecosystem services of urban parks and appropriate response measures. Cultural and ideological values of society are reflected in the formation of a culture of recreation in parks throughout the existence of mankind, which requires detailed study. In order to implement adequate decisions on the development of parks, it is necessary to determine the main factors influencing the formation of qualitative characteristics of parks, which best meet modern ideas and needs of society for comfortable urban parks. There are already positive examples in foreign experience of an integrated approach to the organization of parks based on an understanding of the basic needs of society and the factors that cause them to change. Therefore, it is necessary to refer to the existing world experience and identify the necessary changes in the field of park management at the institutional level of the organization. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to identify the main patterns of evolution of ecosystem services of urban parks, as well as to determine the factors shaping the needs for these services and, accordingly, institutional support for urban parks, taking into account the experience of economically developed countries. The objectives of the study are: analysis of the preconditions for the formation of needs for ecosystem services of urban parks; identification of modern factors that are most relevant in creating trends in the development of current qualities of parks; analysis of foreign experience of institutional support of city parks; identification of current improvements needed by subject-object relations in the park economy of Ukraine. Research results. All spheres of public life - from culture to scientific achievements, are reflected in the organization of parks, which reflects the formation of relations "man - nature". The study identified a number of factors that have the greatest impact on the formation of modern parks and determine current trends in their development. All the considered factors can be divided into steels, relative steels and variables. In each of the proposed groups of factors can be identified those that are most relevant today, on the basis of which we can propose the use of "filter factors" in decision-making in the system of park improvement. The analysis of foreign experience in the functioning of parks has shown a wide range of possibilities of subject-object relations in the field of park improvement, based on which a number of current changes in this area in Ukraine have been proposed. Conclusion. The study found that park development trends are closely linked to the values of various social institutions, which indicates the need to study current social, economic and cultural changes in the context of park development. It is also established that socio-economic development and the emergence of related problems encourage the emergence of new factors that may be a key factor influencing the development of parks (eg environmental problems, urbanization, sanitation, sanitary and epidemiological problems, organoleptic characteristics of urban comfort in the context of climate change ) and create relevant trends. In turn, the implementation of current changes in the field of park management requires the improvement of subject-object relations, relations between government, society and institutions.