bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Personality Traits; Results from a Large National Cross-Sectional Survey in Qatar
Authors: Reagu Shuja , Jones Roland M. , Alabdulla Majid
Published: January 2023

Attitudes to vaccination arise from a complex interplay of personal and environmental factors. This has been true for the COVID-19 vaccination attitudes too and understanding personal factors would help design immunisation strategies that help in infectious disease control. The five-factor model of personality has been established as a valid construct in exploring individual attitudes and traits. This institutional review board approved study explores the relationship between these five domains of personality and attitudes to COVID-19 vaccination in Qatar which has a migrant majority population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Qatar using an online survey link containing validated tools to measure vaccine hesitancy and personality traits. People from diverse ethnic and sociodemographic backgrounds, amounting to 5340 individuals, completed the self-report survey. After controlling for social and demographic variables, individuals scoring significantly higher on Conscientiousness were more likely to refuse the COVID-19 vaccination, while those scoring significantly lower on Openness to experience and Neuroticism were also more likely to refuse COVID-19 vaccination. Both groups of individuals scoring significantly higher and lower on Conscientiousness and Neuroticism, respectively, were more likely to trust their own research than trust endorsement of the COVID-19 vaccine from their doctor or healthcare organisation. The study highlights the highly complex and sometimes contradictory relationship between vaccine hesitancy and personality traits and makes a case for understanding this relationship better in order to inform successful immunisation strategies.
Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Uptake among Health Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ghana
Authors: Mohammed Abdul-Samed , Asumah Mubarick Nungbaso , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Sinha Abhinav , Mohammed Issah , Jamil Safayet , Boasiako Osborn Antwi , Leman Nladobi , Kabir Russell
Published: January 2023

COV-2 SARs has disproportionately affected low- and middle-income countries such as Ghana, where the healthcare system was not prepared enough to provide care, drugs, and equipment. This study was carried out to assess predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among health professionals in the Bono region of Ghana. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 health professionals recruited through simple random sampling. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to identify the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance presented as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). All respondents had heard about the COVID-19 vaccine. The most common source of information was the media (45.8%). The proportion of health professionals who accepted the COVID-19 vaccine was 73.6%. Among those who did not take the vaccine, 64.3% were willing to take it in the future. The key predictors of taking the COVID-19 vaccine included: age 25 to 45 years (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.14–3.35), age older than 45 years (AOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 2.59–10.87), males (AOR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.34–7.15), Christians (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.44–7.72), and at least three years of experience (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.033–2.93). Reasons for not taking vaccines included: vaccines were rapidly developed and approved (41.0%), immediate side effects (39.2%), and unforeseen future effects (37.5%). This study showed that most participants had received their first dose of COVID-19 vaccination, and most of those hesitant about the vaccine were willing to receive it in the future. This is a positive finding for policy makers since it reflects that fewer resources will be needed for behavioural change initiatives. In addition, it would present a chance to focus on minority individuals who are unwilling to take the vaccine and offer targeted community mobilisation.
Advancing Immunization Coverage and Equity: A Structured Synthesis of Pro-Equity Strategies in 61 Gavi-Supported Countries
Authors: Ivanova Vesela , Shahabuddin A. S. M. , Sharkey Alyssa , Johri Mira
Published: January 2023

Background: Global immunization inequities persist, reflected in the 25 million underimmunized and 18 million zero-dose children in 2021. To identify country approaches to reach underimmunized and zero-dose children, we undertook a structured synthesis of pro-equity strategies across 61 countries receiving programmatic support from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Methods: We extracted data from 174 Country Joint Appraisals and Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue reports (2016–2020). We identified strategies via a targeted keyword search, informed by a determinants of immunization coverage framework. Strategies were synthesized into themes consolidated from UNICEF’s Journey to Health and Immunization (JTHI) and the Global Routine Immunization Strategies and Practices (GRISP) frameworks. Results: We found 607 unique strategies across 61 countries and 24 themes. Strategies to improve care at the point of service (44%); to improve knowledge, awareness and beliefs (25%); and to address preparation, cost and effort barriers (13%) were common. Fewer strategies targeted experience of care (8%), intent, (7%) and after-service (3%). We also identified strategies addressing gender-related barriers to immunization and targeting specific types of communities. Conclusions: We summarize the range of pro-equity immunization strategies employed in Gavi-supported countries and interpret them thematically. Findings are incorporated into a searchable database which can be used to inform equity-driven immunization programs, policies and decision-making which target underimmunized and zero-dose communities.
The Relationship between Daily Behavior Changes and Vaccine Attitudes at the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic among Japanese People from Different Demographics: A Retrospective and Exploratory Examination Using a Free-Response Survey
Authors: Kikutani Mariko , Matsui Mie , Takiguchi Yuta
Published: January 2023

This study investigated how daily behaviors of Japanese people changed during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and whether the change was mediated by demographics. It also examined whether the magnitude of behavior change in a demographic group is related to their attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. 301 Japanese responded to an online survey in February 2021, in which they first wrote some activities they frequently performed before the virus outbreak and then wrote about activities in their current life. The number of gathered answers were 1858 for ‘before’ and 1668 for ‘after’, and they were grouped into 19 behavior categories. Overall, behaviors such as traveling, eating out, and shopping were much less frequently described in the ‘after’ condition; while housework, food delivery, and pandemic prevention were mentioned more. However, the change pattern was significantly influenced by demographics of age, gender, having children or not, and household income. Especially women, younger generations, and people without children showed the greatest extent of behavior change compared with the other demographic cohorts. These groups were reported to be vaccine-hesitant in the literature. This study suggests that individuals with hesitant attitudes towards vaccines are more willing to change their behaviors to control viral transmission.
S Trimer Derived from SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and B.1.618 Induced Effective Immune Response against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Wang Hongye , Wang Zengshuai , Ma Liang , Zhu Xiaoyong , Li Bingxiang , Huang Yuhang , Li Jingwen , Sun Ming , Shi Li , Yao Yufeng
Published: January 2023

The spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants leads to a heavy burden on healthcare and the global economy, highlighting the need for developing vaccines that induce broad immunity against coronavirus. Here, we explored the immunogenicity of monovalent or bivalent spike (S) trimer subunit vaccines derived from SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 (S1-2P) or/and B.1. 618 (S2-2P) in Balb/c mice. Both S1-2P and S2-2P elicited anti-spike antibody responses, and alum adjuvant induced higher levels of antibodies than Addavax adjuvant. The dose responses of the vaccines on immunogenicity were evaluated in vivo. A low dose of 5 μg monovalent recombinant protein or 2.5 μg bivalent vaccine triggered high-titer antibodies that showed cross-activity to Beta, Delta, and Gamma RBD in mice. The third immunization dose could boost (1.1 to 40.6 times) high levels of cross-binding antibodies and elicit high titers of neutralizing antibodies (64 to 1024) prototype, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants. Furthermore, the vaccines were able to provoke a Th1-biased cellular immune response. Significantly, at the same antigen dose, S1-2P immune sera induced stronger broadly neutralizing antibodies against prototype, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants compared to that induced by S2-2P. At the same time, the low dose of bivalent vaccine containing S2-2P and S1-2P (2.5 μg for each antigen) significantly improved the cross-neutralizing antibody responses. In conclusion, our results showed that monovalent S1-2P subunit vaccine or bivalent vaccine (S1-2P and S2-2P) induced potent humoral and cellular responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and provided valuable information for the development of recombinant protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that protect against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Phytogenic Substances against Secret Killers in Poultry: Current Status and Prospects
Authors: Basiouni Shereen , Tellez-Isaias Guillermo , Latorre Juan D. , Graham Brittany D. , Petrone-Garcia Victor M. , El-Seedi Hesham R. , Yalçın Sakine , El-Wahab Amr Abd , Visscher Christian , May-Simera Helen L. , Huber Claudia , Eisenreich Wolfgang , Shehata Awad A.
Published: January 2023

Chronic stress is recognized as a secret killer in poultry. It is associated with systemic inflammation due to cytokine release, dysbiosis, and the so-called leaky gut syndrome, which mainly results from oxidative stress reactions that damage the barrier function of the cells lining the gut wall. Poultry, especially the genetically selected broiler breeds, frequently suffer from these chronic stress symptoms when exposed to multiple stressors in their growing environments. Since oxidative stress reactions and inflammatory damages are multi-stage and long-term processes, overshooting immune reactions and their down-stream effects also negatively affect the animal’s microbiota, and finally impair its performance and commercial value. Means to counteract oxidative stress in poultry and other animals are, therefore, highly welcome. Many phytogenic substances, including flavonoids and phenolic compounds, are known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this review, firstly, the main stressors in poultry, such as heat stress, mycotoxins, dysbiosis and diets that contain oxidized lipids that trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, are discussed, along with the key transcription factors involved in the related signal transduction pathways. Secondly, the most promising phytogenic substances and their current applications to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in poultry are highlighted.
Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in the Hunan and Hebei Provinces of China
Authors: Zhai Wang , Yu Siyu , Zhang Pengxuan , Lin Yuan , Ge Shenghu , Zhang Taojie , Zhang Kun , He Shicheng , Hu Qiaoyun , Tang Xiaomin , Peng Zhi , Wang Changjian
Published: January 2023

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant threat to the pig industry in China. However, the epidemiological characteristics of PRRSV after the outbreak of African swine fever in China were not thoroughly investigated. In the present study, the serological and epidemiological investigations of PRRSV in pigs from the Hunan and Hebei provinces of China were assessed. The results showed that 73.12% (95% CI 71.74–74.49) of pigs were positive for PRRSV-special antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Out of 5799 samples, 482 (8.31%, 95% CI 7.60–9.02) samples were positive for PRRSV nucleic acids. The positive rates of PRRSV in healthy pigs from farms and slaughterhouses were 2.27% (47/2072) and 7.70% (217/2818), which were lower than that in diseased pigs (23.98%, 218/909). Furthermore, the full-length OFR5 gene sequences of 43 PRRSV strains were sequenced and analysed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 43 isolates were classified into three lineages, namely lineage 1 (n = 24), lineage 8 (n = 15), and lineage 3 (n = 4). Lineage 1 could be further divided into sublineage 1.5 (n = 2) and sublineage 1.8 (n = 22), and lineage 8 was classified into sublineage 8.1 (n = 3) and sublineage 8.7 (n = 12). Collectively, our findings revealed the severe prevalence of PRRSV in the Hunan and Hebei provinces, where sublineage 1.8 and sublineage 8.7 predominated. The present study provides the update information of the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of PRRSV in the investigated regions, which will be beneficial for PRRS control.
Cladocera Responses to the Climate-Forced Abrupt Environmental Changes Related to the Late Glacial/Holocene Transition
Authors: Rudna Marta , Wojewódka-Przybył Marta , Forysiak Jacek , Milecka Krystyna , Okupny Daniel
Published: January 2023

This article aims to trace in detail the periods of rapid changes during the Late Glacial period based on a subfossil Cladocera analysis and a palynological, geochemical, and statistical analysis. At the end of the Older Dryas, the water level in the reservoir was low, with quite cold waters and inconvenient conditions for developing Cladocera-dominated cold-tolerant species. The beginning of the Alleröd is marked by increasing vegetation density and a rising water temperature, with favorable conditions for developing rare species. At its end, there was a large diversity of species, along with the quite deep and rather mesotrophic nature of the water body. The beginning of the Younger Dryas is a shift back to conditions similar to those noticed during the Older Dryas. The shift to Holocene is manifested by a rapid increase in the number of species and abundance of planktonic forms that appeared before the Holocene onset. The high resolution of the research (1 cm sampling) allowed us to set up more precisely the boundaries between the stadials and interstadials of the Late Glacial and to find some species which were found in the sediment earlier than in previous studies.
Analysing the Reciprocity Law for UV-LEDs in Water Disinfection of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Kamel Ahmed , Palacios Ana , Fuentes Manuel , Vivar Marta
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to verify the reciprocity law in the wastewater disinfection process using UV light. The optical power UV-LEDs used were 1.6 mW and 50 mW, and the wavelengths were 265 nm and 275 nm. E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Clostridium perfringens were the three microorganisms analysed in the study. The results showed lower inactivation rates around 0.063–0.065 cm2/mJ for 265 nm and 0.047–0.049 cm2/mJ for 275 nm for the Clostridium perfringens compared with the other two bacteria. For E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis, the inactivation rate was almost identical; 0.28 and 0.21 cm2/mJ, respectively, using 265 nm wavelength. There was a slightly better inactivation performance using the medium-power 275 nm UV-LEDs of 0.39 cm2/mJ and 0.29 cm2/mJ for E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively, and 0.33 cm2/mJ and 0.26 cm2/mJ using the low-power 275 nm UV-LEDs. The analysed data justify the reciprocity law for UV-LEDs disinfection using 265 nm and 275 nm UV-LEDs with two optical powers of 1.6 mW and 50 mW.
Methods of Removal of Hormones in Wastewater
Authors: Guerrero-Gualan Daniela , Valdez-Castillo Eduardo , Crisanto-Perrazo Tania , Toulkeridis Theofilos
Published: January 2023

Hormones are a type of emerging contaminant that reach the aquatic environment through wastewater effluents and which wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) cannot eliminate. The objective of this article was to determine the best hormone abatement technique between algae and microalgae, rotating biological discs, organic adsorbents, and activated carbon. For this, a critical review of the behavior of the abatement methods was conducted in the existing bibliographical scientific databases over the last eight years. Then, the Modified Saaty method was applied, establishing a relationship between removal efficiency, removal time, maintenance costs, stage of development, and environmental impact in each technique studied by a panel of experts, who weighted the chosen variables on a scale of 1–9 according to the variable’s importance. The results indicated that the best technique to abate hormones is one that uses organic adsorbents and which reached a final comparative value of 0.58/1, which indicates the suitability of the method to combine the five comparison variables. At the same time, the rotating biological disc technique reached a value of 0.17/1, indicating its deficiency in the balance between the analyzed variables.
Hydrogeological Parameter Estimation of Confined Aquifer within a Rectangular Shaped Drop Waterproof Curtain
Authors: Li Yi , Xie Wentao , Wang Hongwei , Peng Bin , Xiong Feng , Zhu Chun
Published: January 2023

For the dewatering of deep excavation, the existing man-made waterproof curtain has a significant influence on flow response in confined aquifers; the effect of the waterproof curtain must be considered when using the field data for hydrogeological parameter estimation. In this study, a closed-form analytical solution for constant discharge pumping in a confined aquifer within a rectangular-shaped drop waterproof curtain is obtained by making use of the image method coupled with the superpose principle. A straight-lined method is presented to determine the value of the hydraulic parameters of the confined aquifer and the application of the obtained results is illustrated by the usefulness of a field pumping test in Wuhan, China. The results show that the predicted drawdowns developed by the estimated parameters are in good agreement with the measured drawdown in the field. The proposed solution and parameter estimation are reliable and can provide important help for the design of dewatering in deep foundation pit engineering.
Multi-Site Calibration of Hydrological Model and Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Water Balance in a Monsoon Watershed
Authors: Ashu Agbortoko Bate , Lee Sang-Il
Published: January 2023

Understanding hydrological processes using hydrological model parameters can improve the management of water resources in a watershed. This research uses the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in examining the water balance in the Yeongsan River Basin, South Korea. Summer monsoon dominates the region, accounting for about 60–70% of the rain between June to September. The basin is facing significant challenges in water management due to the limited availability of water and the high demand for agricultural water due to the construction of two weirs on the river. To this end, a new multi-site calibration approach-based SWAT hydrological model that can accurately reproduce the hydrological trend and average discharges of the Yeongsan basin for 42 years (1980–2021) was developed. Some statistical matrices (such as Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency) were utilized in calibrating and validating the model. Results show that the performance indicators for the four investigated stream flow stations were satisfactory. In addition, the water balance study revealed that the highest precipitation and evapotranspiration occurred in August, whereas the highest water yield, lateral flow, and surface flow occurred in July. Further, the model revealed that the Yeongsan river basin receives the majority of its water from the rains during the monsoon season. The model developed in this study can aid planners in managing water resources in the Yeongsan river basin.
Effect of Using a Passive Rotor on the Accuracy of Flow Measurements in Sewer Pipes Using a Slug Tracer-Dilution Method
Authors: Abdel-Mageed Neveen B. , Ghanem Ashraf , Shaaban Ibrahim G. , Ardakanian Atiyeh , Ibrahem Mohamed M. M. , Elgamal Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Flow measurements in pipelines using slug tracer have proved highly accurate for turbulent flow. This study experimentally investigates the effectiveness of using a passive rotor on the accuracy of discharge measurements in sewer pipes based on a saline slug tracer technique. For this purpose, a saline injector stack was developed to help inject saline at selected injection points. A passive axial flow rotor was also proposed and encased in the injector stack to enhance the mixing of injected tracer with the transmitted downstream flow and to decrease the required minimum mixing length. It was found that adding the passive rotor significantly increased the accuracy of the flow measurements. Two tracer flow formulas were developed: one based on the dimensional analysis approach and the other based on a semi-empirical formula obtained from the mass conservation approach. The resultant formulas compared favourably with flow metering, especially when utilizing the passive fan unit.
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Wind in 2022
Authors:   Wind Editorial Office
Published: January 2023

High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Youth in 2022
Authors:   Youth Editorial Office
Published: January 2023

High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
Patient identification on admission to hospital
Authors:   SBHI SR Togliatti City Clinical Hospital No. 5, Togliatti, Russia, Lazina M. S.
Published: January 2023

In order to provide patients with high-quality and safe medical care, medical professionals need accurate information about the state of their health. In this regard, it is important to correctly ascertain the identity of each patient. An appropriate algorithm is required in order to identify patients in medical organizations.
Methods for improving the parameters of rotary vane machines
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Prudnikov S. N. , Novgorodskaya A.V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Belova O. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Savko N. S. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis and experimental studies of power loads acting on the plates of a rotary-plate machine in order to significantly reduce power loads and drive power
The effect of obtaining the workpiece and its accuracy on the quality of the resulting part
Authors:   BMSTU, Moscow, Istomin A. B. , Moskovkin V. A. ,   BMSTU, Moscow
Published: January 2023

This article describes the effect of the method of obtaining the workpiece on the quality of the part. The method of pressure treatment was considered in more detail. Its positive and negative sides are revealed, as well as its most important indicators affecting the workpiece. Using the example of the «Pneumatic valve body» part, the preparation of the workpiece and the effect of the method of obtaining the workpiece on the quality and accuracy of the part are shown in detail. The criteria and characteristics of the workpiece are also listed with the calculation of the necessary parameters. The research is carried out at the Department of «Mechanical Engineering Technologies» of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Influence of the degree of standardization on production manufacturability machine parts
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Brylev A. V., , Balashova E. S. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow
Published: January 2023

The article considers the influence of the degree of standardization on the manufacturability of machine parts. Methods for evaluating the standardization of products are given. A technique for increasing the production manufacturability by increasing the number of standardized structural elements is proposed.
On the numerical solution of Volterra and Fredholm integral equations using the fractional spline function method
Authors: Hamasalih Faraidun , Qadir Rahel
Published: January 2023

In this article, the researchers develop a new type of spline function with fractional order which constructs two distinct formulas for the proposed method by using fractional boundary conditions and fractional continuity conditions. These methods are used to solve linear Volterra and Fredholm-integral equations of the second kind. The convergence analysis is studied. Moreover, some numerical examples are provided and compared to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed methods.
Arquitetura Moderna antigamente
Authors: Fiori Arantes Otília Beatriz
Published: January 2023

Os textos aqui reunidos – ensaios, conferências e entrevistas – do final dos anos 80 e início dos anos 90, resumem a posição de acerto de contas de Autora com a surpreendente e mais do que extemporânea apologia da Arquitetura Moderna, por assim dizer no apagar das luzes do projeto iluminista, empreendida originalmente por Jürgen Habermas, e replicada entre nós por arquitetos e teóricos da arquitetura, segundo a qual, liberada de sua sobrecarga funcional,  a Nova Construção sobreviveria enquanto matriz do Racionalismo Ocidental. Na contracorrente, a presente coletânea abre com a conferência de 1988, em que Otília procura demonstrar, pela primeira vez (o argumento será desenvolvido mais adiante em livro e outros ensaios), que o envelhecimento do Movimento Moderno e sua correspondente perda de voltagem social é estrutural. O mote central, de que a Arquitetura Moderna teria se esgotado não por desvios ou acidente de percurso, mas na medida mesma da realização de seu programa — ou seja, que não teria sido neutralizada porque os tempos mudaram, mas porque cumpriu o prometido, por estrita fidelidade ao princípio de racionalização progressiva, a mesma racionalização absoluta que define a lógica social da ordem capitalista — é retomado nos textos subsequentes: respondendo às objeções de Roberto Schwarz e, em entrevista concedida a alunos de Arquitetura, ao refutar a dissociação, no argumento de Anatole Kopp, segundo o qual a AM deveria ser compreendida antes de tudo como uma causa e menos como um estilo.
Seguem-se duas conferências que dão continuidade a essa discussão, a primeira, questionando a máxima de Philip Johnson, adotada pelos pós-modernos, de que “amamos a história enquanto os modernos a odiavam”; a segunda, divergindo da tentativa de enquadramento das especificidades da AM brasileira numa espécie de Regionalismo crítico.  
Por fim, ilustrando por assim dizer suas teses, Otília analisa a Arquitetura Moderna brasileira, na figura de três dos seus expoentes máximos, Oscar Niemeyer, Lucio Costa e Paulo Mendes da Rocha, mobilizando, e ao mesmo tempo problematizando, o ponto de vista de um crítico, moderno por excelência, Mário Pedrosa, ou o do próprio Lúcio Costa, ao interpretar a “formação” dessa arquitetura. Finalmente, uma digressão, em que questiona a fase dita neomoderna ou “minimalista” de Paulo Mendes da Rocha.
 
Palavras-chave: Adorno, Anatole Kopp, Arquitetura Moderna, Arquitetura Pós-Moderna, Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira, Brasília, Construtivismo, Corbusier, Habermas, História, Ideologia, Lúcio Costa, Mário Pedrosa, Mies Van der Rohe, Minimalismo, Oscar Niemeyer, Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Regionalismo crítico, Regionalismo pós-crítico, Roberto Schwarz, Theo Van Doesburg.
PENERAPAN PIDANA SEUMUR HIDUP BAGI NARAPIDANA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sallahudin Sallahudin , Subroto Mitro
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK Pembenaran untuk plot atau Pengertian kejahatan adalah perbuatan yang melakukannya. Setiap pelanggaran harus mengarah pada penuntutan terhadap pelakunya. Dasar dari pembebasan pidana adalah kategori imperatif yang membutuhkan kompensasi untuk setiap pelanggaran hukum. Keadilan dan pembayaran kembali yang sah merupakan kebutuhan yang mutlak, sepanjang tidak dapat dicabut pengecualian atau pembatasan yang semata-mata berdasarkan tujuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan bagaimana ketentuan yang mengatur pidana Hukum pidana menggunakan hukuman seumur hidup dan bagaimana penerapannya dalam sistem hukum nasional. Pengaturan pidana seumur hidup yang berlaku saat ini secara de facto implisit dalam hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, dapat disimpulkan dengan menerapkan pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif. Hukuman seumur hidup selalu merupakan alternatif dari hukuman mati dalam hukum Indonesia, seperti juga selalu merupakan alternatif dari hukuman penjara 20 tahun. Dalam rangka pengaturan pidana hukuman seumur hidup ke depan, aparat penegak hukum memberikan langkah di antara mereka: melakukan tindakan pembahuruan hukum (reformasi hukum).ABSTRACTThe justification for the plot or crime lies in the occurrence of the crime itself. Every crime must lead to prosecution of the perpetrator. The basis of criminal acquittal is the category of imperatives requiring compensation for any violation of the law. Justice and legal repayment is an absolute necessity, as long as there are no exceptions or limitations based solely on purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine how the provisions governing life imprisonment in criminal law and how life imprisonment will be applied in the national legal system. By using the normative legal research method, it can be concluded that in principle the current life sentence criminal regulation is de facto implicit in the applicable law in Indonesia. In Indonesia's criminal system, life imprisonment is always an alternative to the death penalty and is always an alternative to a twenty-year prison sentence. In the context of regulating life imprisonment in the future, law enforcement officers provide a step between them: carrying out legal reform actions (legal reform).
ARANG AKTIF SERAT SABUT KELAPA DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ADSORBEN ION KROMIUM(III) DARI LARUTAN AIR
Authors: Manurung Manuntun , Widihati Widihati , Yunilawati I.A.G.
Published: January 2023

The coconut husk contains high cellulose, so it can be processed as a basic materials to make activated charcoal. The purpose of the study was to make activated charcoal from coconut husk fiber with hydrochloric acid activator and to determine the effect of changing coconut husk fiber into charcoal, as well as activation of the adsorption power of Cr(III) metal ions from solution. The research started by separating the coconut husk fiber, carbonization at various temperatures. The resulting charcoal was characterized according to SNI 06-3730-1995. The best quality charcoal was activated with HCl, then coconut husk fiber, unactivated and activated charcoals were applied to absorb Cr(III) ions. Optimization of adsorption parameters such as contact time, solution pH, temperature and adsorption isotherm were also studied. The results showed that the optimum carbonization temperature was 600oC, contact time was 5 hours, optimum pH was 6, room temperature. The adsorption capacity of Cr(III) ions were 8.2580 mg/g, 13.5645 mg/g and 16.1452 mg/g for coconut husk fiber, unactivated and activated charcoal, respectively. The increase in adsorption power from coconut husk fiber to charcoal was 64.36% and from charcoal to activated charcoal increased by 19.02%. Coconut husk fiber and unactivated charcoal followed the Langmuir isotherm while activated charcoal followed Freundlich.
FORMULASI NANOEKAPSULASI EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) /KITOSAN-NATRIUM TRIPOLIPOSFAT (NaTPP)
Authors: Purwandari Vivi , Isnaeni Isnaeni , Rahmi Rizka , Akbari Ahmad Zukhruf , Akbari Muhammad Zaim
Published: January 2023

Moringa (Moringa oliefera) contains several antioxidant compounds such as quercetin and chlorogenic acid. However, antioxidants have weaknesses, namely that they are easily damaged by exposure to oxygen, light, high temperatures, and drying. One way to maintain and increase the stability of antioxidants is by encapsulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum formulation of quercetin nanoencapsulation of moringa leaf extract using chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP) using the ultrasonication method. Moringa leaf extract was obtained by repeated ultrasonication 1x 15, 3x15, and 5x15 minutes, frequency 24 kHz, and using alcohol 96%. The encapsulation process was carried out with three variable ratios of the amount of chitosan: Na-TPP added to 10 mL of Moringa leaf extract solution (F0), namely 5:1 (F1), 2:1 (F2), and 1:1 (F3). Test results for flavonoids as quercetin using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed that the Quercetin content in Moringa leaf extract ultrasonicated 5x15 minutes was 12.146%, the characterization of the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) showed encapsulated particle sizes of 170.3 and 209.7 nm with polydisperse index <0 .5, the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed that F0 was 61.4% and F2 had the highest antioxidant activity, namely 81.2%. Analysis of the morphology of nanoparticles using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the particles were spherically distributed evenly. Nanoencapsulation of Moringa leaf extract has resulted and an increase in the antioxidant activity of Moringa leaf extract after encapsulation using Chitosan-NaTPP, from 61.4% to 81.2% (F2).
Pengaruh Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA pada Materi Perubahan Lingkungan
Authors: Hermawan Candra
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a problem-based learning model (PBL) on the critical thinking skills about changes in the environment. This study adopted a quasi-experimental model with a non-equivalent group design. The subjects of this study are 10th students at SMA Negeri 1 Genteng for the 2020/2021 school year. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and chose 30 students in each of the experimental and control classes. Critical thinking skills data collection using 20 multiple choice questions tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis using independent sample t-test. The results show that there is a significant effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) model on students' critical thinking skills (p=0.000). Problem-based learning (PBL) has a greater influence on critical thinking skills than conventional learning. The use of problem-based learning (PBL) models on the topic of environmental change encourages students' critical thinking skills to be able to solve problems related to environmental change.Keywords: problem-based learning, critical thinking skills, environmental change
Classification Of Prospective Scholarship Recipients Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) With Decision Tree Algorithm And Naïve Bayes
Authors: Asnimar  , Achmad Andani , Yuyun  , Iskandar Akbar , Mansyur
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to produce a model that can assist in determining prospective new students of STMIK AKBA who receive scholarships. The algorithm used is decision tree and nave Bayes to classify the graduation of prospective recipients of the Indonesian Smart Card (KIP) scholarship. Based on the results of the classification of the decision tree algorithm with the confusion matrix, the accuracy value is 44.12% and the F1-Score is 34.48%. If you use the Naive Bayes algorithm, it produces an accuracy value of 76.47% using data on diploma scores and average report cards. Furthermore, for accuracy without using diploma value data and the average report card is 79.41%. The results of this study show that nave Bayes has a better performance even though it does not use diploma scores and average report cards. Measurement of the results of the nave Bayes classification with the confusion matrix showed low sensitivity with values ​​of 66.67% and 58.33% for the first and second scenarios. Based on the evaluation results, the Naïve Bayes algorithm has a better performance than the Decision Tree algorithm in classifying KIP scholarship recipients.
FLIPPED LEARNING BY GOOGLE APPS IN SUPPORTING LEARNING AND TEACHING DURING PANDEMIC IN OMAN
Authors: Mohd Zulkefli Nurul Akhmal , Din Wardatul Akmam , Swanto Suyansah , Sulaiman Moosa Ahmed Ali
Published: January 2023

The research study is commonly delivered using the traditional lecture format, followed by a question and answer session with students. Another approach is to divide students into groups, assign them themes to discuss, and then have them present the issues one by one. This learning technique, however, is not appropriate for use during a pandemic. In this study, students achieve the desired purpose of learning activities by utilizing the Active Learning approach and instructional strategy using Google Apps Learning Approach. Instructors can meet and talk with students both in-person and through the online system. This method is well-known as the Flipped Learning. This goal can be demonstrated by students arriving on time for individual discussion activities, explaining the topic, listening to other members' explanations, participating in conversations, exhibiting critical thinking, and leading physical or online discussion activities. However, because this activity takes place online, there are a number of challenges to overcome during the implementation phase, including internet network issues, data constraints, and device specs that do not allow learning activities—this study involved a total of five postgraduate students. This study was done from February to May 2022. The prior study used the questionnaire and got the expert's permission. The study was evaluated using descriptive quantitative statistics including standard deviation, percentage, frequency, and score. According to the report, students' average level of difficulty with Google Apps is 3.82.
SCHOOL INNOVATION PROJECT: LOCAL WISDOM ELEMENTS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
Authors: Esa Mohd Sohaimi , Ationg Romzi , Ibrahim Mohd Azri , Abang Muis Abang Mohd Razif , Othman Irma Wani
Published: January 2023

In 2020, the School Innovation Project research grant was introduced by Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) with the aim of assisting teaching and learning activities at the school level. In general, the success of teaching and learning activities also depends on strengthening the mastery of local and foreign languages among students. The question is, the teaching and learning methods used by educators or teachers must also be accompanied by elements of innovation in order to encourage students to continue to excel in their studies. Therefore, this paper will discuss preliminary studies related to innovation elements based on local wisdom. Sekolah Kebangsaan Kanibongan was chosen as this pilot project in accordance with its location as a rural school. The research methodology is based on elements of local wisdom, which is one of the folk tales of the Rungus ethnic group. From these folk tales, several innovative activities have been organized including video screenings, storytelling and learning activities. The results of the study found that this kind of activity can further enrich the learning activities of students based on local wisdom. At the same time, students can also go through new experiences that are interactive and innovative in learning languages, including the national language.
VIRTUAL REALITY IN MALAYSIAN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
Authors: Jayes Jester Daniel , Said Noraini , Din Wardatul Akmam , Soekarno Megawati
Published: January 2023

Virtual Reality (VR) technology was crucial in aiding remote teaching and learning session during the Covid-19 pandemic. Transitioning to the post pandemic era, VR technologies are deemed as a useful tool to facilitate learning. Several literature reviews have analysed and synthesized the use of VR in education; however, academic activity lacks a recent systematic literature review (SLR) on VR in the field of English as a Second Language Learning (ESL) in the context of Malaysian ESL learning. 13 scholarly manuscripts from 12 journals were retrieved from the year 2011 to 2021, analysed, and synthesized under the following focus: (a) VR technology utilized, the duration of educational activities, and the language learning settings in the Malaysian ESL context; (b) the possible benefits and drawbacks of adopting VR as a teaching tool in the Malaysian ESL classroom; (c) future directions regarding the educational use of VR. The study concluded that VR technologies encourage English language learning; intrinsically motivate pupils to learn; provide convenience for feedback and communication; practicality; and creates an enjoyable authentic classroom environment. However, challenges like lacks of technical support for practitioners; limited internet access; limited application designated for language learning; participants’ unfamiliarity with VR; outdated software and/or hardware; and dearth number of research papers were also identified in this study. It is suggested that in the future, bigger-scale research on main language skills should be done; further research on VR technologies available; increase duration of study; research in other areas and levels of schools, and initiate more experimental studies.
TECHNOSTRESS IN ENGAGING OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: EXPLORING MALAYSIAN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LECTURERS' LIVED EXPERIENCES
Authors: Ab Aziz Ameiruel Azwan , Said Noraini , Pudin Chelster Sherralyn Jeoffrey , Kamlun Kamsilawati
Published: January 2023

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a sudden change in the educational landscape globally and shifted traditional face-to-face classes to open distance learning mode. Due to this transition, it is progressively crucial and of great importance to understand the technostress faced by English language lecturers in adopting open distance learning practices. This phenomenological study explores the lived experiences of eleven English language lecturers from three universities in the southern region of Malaysia regarding the technostress faced in open distance learning practice during the pandemic through the lens of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Fascinatingly, despite the emergency shift to open distance learning, the results have shown that the participants are keen and receptive to the open distance learning deployment. Moreover, due to their Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge competency, the participants agreed that the technostress experienced is considered manageable and did not affect their work performance. This study's results are hoped to offer insights into understanding the unprecedented phenomenon to ensure positive impacts in tertiary education.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ON ARABIC LITERATURE LEARNING AMONG NON-ARABIC SPEAKERS AT IIUM
Authors: Osman Rahmah Ahmad H. , Jaffer Usman , Mohamad Noor Nurulaniza , Norhamizi Batrisha , Kamaldin Najibah Fatini , Mahmoud Ahmad Ragheb , Amiruddin Ahmad Zaki
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of learning Arabic literature using Technology Applications among non-Arabic speakers. This study uses two methods which are the survey method and the analysis method. 51 students of the Department of Arabic Language and Literature were randomly selected to answer the questionnaire to achieve the three objectives of the study; identify technology applications used in the teaching and learning of Arabic literature, examine the challenges faced in using technology applications in Arabic literature learning, and explore the effects of learning Arabic literature using technology applications. The results of this questionnaire were analyzed using computer software (SPSS). The value of the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient for the instrument is 0.82. The results showed that there are 7 technology applications used in learning Arabic literature, namely Youtube, Facebook, Microsoft Team, Google Classroom, Diwan, Padlet and Zoom. In this regard, the main challenge for students learning Arabic literature using technology applications is a lack of focus and limited internet access. However, they discovered that the main effect of using technology in learning Arabic literature is that it has made it easier for students to review all reference materials at any time and from any location.
LIFE SATISFACTION, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND WORK READINESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Chong Phyleecia Sze Jing , Guan Teik Ee
Published: January 2023

Today's workplace needs highly skilled workers and work readiness is important as it is used to predict how much students perform in the future in terms of competency. Life satisfaction is a measure of quality of life and many studies show that it influences work readiness. As for academic achievement, the more students scored in the examination, indicating that they attain more knowledge and skills learned. In Borneo, there is still a lack of studies being carried out to investigate these three factors. Thus the aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between life satisfaction and work readiness; and academic achievement and work readiness. Two measures were used, i.e. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLC) and Work Readiness Inventory (WRI). As for academic achievement, cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of the past semester was used. The participants were 265 undergraduate students. Results showed that life satisfaction has a positive correlation with all aspects of work readiness except self-view. Results also showed that there was no significant correlation between academic achievement and work readiness with all the 6 aspects of work readiness. Academic achievement no doubt is important, but it does not have a correlation with work readiness in this study, suggesting that there are other variables, probably like on-site training such as practicum and internship are important to get students ready for work.
REVIEW OF COMPUTATIONAL THINKING MODELS IN VARIOUS LEARNING FIELDS
Authors: Annamalai Subashini , Che Omar Azizah , Abdul Salam Sobihatun Nur
Published: January 2023

CT has recently sparked a lot of research in a variety of disciplines. Many researchers have attempted to define CT and published articles on the subject and its model. The developed models show a dependency of dimensions. As a result, a review of 14 computational thinking models has been completed for this article. The goal is to combine the many elements and therefore contribute to a common understanding of words. The authors identified the most often used terms in CT definitions and scope, culminating it in the CT dimensions category. The results of this study may be beneficial not only in the investigation of CT research subjects and the identification of CT in the literature but also in present and future attempts to apply CT in diverse settings and aims.
PARENTS' UNDERSTANDING ANALYSIS OF THE YOUTH ATTITUDE CHANGE FACTORS THROUGH DRUG ABUSE VIDEOS ON YOUTUBE
Authors: Kamaruddin Azlina , Shahruddin Mohamad Irfan
Published: January 2023

This study has given a real picture of the issue of drug abuse that occurs in this country which makes parents aware of their role in forming a drug-free family. The proliferation of information on social media that can be easily accessed also has an impact on the issue. However, social media such as YouTube is no exception in efforts to overcome the issue of drug abuse through the display of various videos on drug abuse. Therefore, this study aims to explore parents' understanding of the attitude change factors found in drug abuse videos on YouTube. This study uses a qualitative method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on parents to achieve the objectives of the study. The research data was analyzed using thematic analysis with the help of the QSR NVivo application. The results of the study showed parents' understanding of the factors that influence the change in youth attitudes based on the display of drug abuse videos consisting of YouTube as a source of motivation, support from family members, and YouTube can influence user attitudes.