bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term stable laser injection locking for quasi-CW applications
Authors: Kiesel Florian , Karpov Kirill , De Martino Alexandre , Auch Jonas , Gross Christian
Published: January 2025

Generating high output powers while achieving narrow line single mode lasing are often mutual exclusive properties of commercial laser diodes. For this reason, efficient and scalable amplification of narrow line laser light is still a major driving point in modern laser system designs. Commonly, injection locking of high-power semiconductor laser diodes are used for this purpose. However, for many laser diodes it is very challenging to achieve stable operation of the injection locked state due to a complex interplay of non-linearities and thermal effects. Different approaches of active or passive stabilization usually require a large overhead of optical and electrical equipment and are not generally applicable. In our work we present an active, periodically applied stabilization scheme which is generally applicable, technically easy to implement and extremely cost-effective. It is based on the externally synchronized automatic acquisition of the optimal injection state. Central to our simple but powerful scheme is the management of thermalization effects during lock acquisition. By periodical relocking, spectrally pure amplified light is maintained in a quasi-CW manner over long timescales. We characterize the performance of our method for laser diodes amplifying 671 nm light and demonstrate the general applicability by confirming the method to work also for laser diodes at 401 nm, 461 nm and 689 nm. Our scheme enables the scaled operation of injection locks, even in cascaded setups, for the distributed amplification of single frequency laser light.
Soliton reconnection and hybrid soliton solution of the B-Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation
Authors: Yuan Feng
Published: January 2025

In this study, we explore the fully resonant three-soliton solutions of the B-Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) equation using the Hirota bilinear method. By taking the limit as [Formula: see text] approaches zero or [Formula: see text], we derive both weak and strong fully resonant three-soliton solutions. The resonant solitons appear as five soliton arms in both cases, exhibiting intriguing phenomena such as soliton fission during temporal evolution. Additionally, we construct hybrid four-soliton solutions arising from resonance. This research significantly deepens the understanding of soliton dynamics and their properties.
Linear stabilization for a degenerate wave equation in non divergence form with drift
Authors: Fragnelli Genni , Mugnai Dimitri
Published: January 2025

We consider a degenerate wave equation in one dimension, with drift and in presence of a leading operator which is not in divergence form. We impose a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition where the degeneracy occurs and a boundary damping at the other endpoint. We provide some conditions for the uniform exponential decay of solutions for the associated Cauchy problem.
A note on adjacent vertex distinguishing edge coloring of graphs
Authors: Jia Xiuqing , Wen Fei , Li Zepeng
Published: January 2025

An adjacent vertex distinguishing edge coloring of graphs is a proper edge coloring of graphs such that no two adjacent vertices have the same set of colors, and the minimum number of the colors required for such coloring is called adjacent vertex distinguishing edge chromatic number. In this paper, we characterize the relationships of adjacent vertex distinguishing edge chromatic numbers between all bicyclic graphs as well as some tricyclic base graphs and their subgraphs, respectively. By the way, the open problem proposed by Zhang et al. [Adjacent strong edge coloring of graphs, Appl. Math. Lett. 15(5) (2002) 623–626] is answered completely on a bicyclic graph.
Enhanced Bone Orthopedic Dental Implants: Integrating Reduced Graphene Oxide with Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Rethinam Senthil
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan (CH) and hydroxyapatite (HA)-based bone orthopedic implants (BOIs) incorporated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for wound healing and dental bone tissue regeneration applications. CH-HA–rGO composites were synthesized and characterized to assess their physicochemical, morphological, thermal, mechanical and bioactivity properties. Compressive strength and elongation at break were measured to evaluate mechanical properties. The morphology of the BOI was examined to confirm the pore structure. Bioactivity was assessed via calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) content analysis, while biodegradation and biocompatibility were tested using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays on MG63 osteoblast cells. Fish waste was utilized in the preparation of BOI to explore its potential as a sustainable resource. The CH–HA–rGO BOI demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, including a compressive strength of 48.34 ± 0.74 MPa and an elongation at a break of 41.82 ± 0.24%. The implant displayed a well-developed pore structure and enhanced bioactivity with a high Ca/P content. Biocompatibility studies revealed significant cell viability of MG63 cells on the BOI, confirming its potential for biological applications. The CH–HA–rGO BOI showed superior mechanical strength, biocompatibility and bone mineralization potential, indicating its suitability for implant applications in large animals. The innovative use of fish waste in BOI preparation further highlights its sustainability and potential for tissue regeneration studies.
Geochemical processes related to mined, milled, or natural metal deposits in a rapidly changing global environment
Authors: Parviainen Annika , Beisner Kimberly , Blake Johanna , O'Sullivan Edel Mary , Miller Clare , Rosca Carolina
Published: January 2025

The demand for metals and raw materials, such as nickel and copper, has been projected to expand in the coming decades, driven by the global energy transition, the need for green technologies, and expanding infrastructure. Consequently, the increasing extraction and production of mining waste can have adverse impacts on surrounding environments and human health. The aim of this thematic collection is to fill critical knowledge gaps in the present-day cycles of metal(loid)s from source to larger sinks, and the effect of environmental management, anthropogenic development, and climate change. Altogether, the studies have been conducted in different natural settings around the world and comprise investigations in laterites, a soil-medicinal plant system, watersheds, and banded iron formations, among others. The geochemical applications in tracing mineralization, its secondary products, and/or potential impact on the immediate environment are highly diverse with applied tools ranging from isotope tracers to major and trace element systematics. Particularly the use of rare earth elements, their patterns and anomalies are methods employed by several studies in this collection. We summarize the findings to offer a potential future direction for the use of geochemical tracing techniques in resource exploration in the context of climate change and environmental challenges.
Beyond Content: Leaning on the Poetics of Defamiliarization in Design Fictions
Authors: Zhang Richard , Long Duri
Published: January 2025

Literary approaches to design fictions, though previously theorized to be diverse in form and content, often fall within narrow stylistic and content boundaries such as speculative abstracts, memos, and studies. By drawing on a rich history of science fiction criticism, we advocate for literary design fictions that diverge from what is commonplace in HCI and design research. We foreground our paper with a discussion of the poetics of science fiction, and their relationship to current design fiction practices. Specifically, we highlight how the poetics of a design fiction can work to familiarize or defamiliarize readers from the imagined world presented. We thus argue that considerations of poetics, specifically how they work to (de)familiarize readers of design fictions, enrich understanding of design fictions as a research method. We then provide and discuss three design fictions in the forms of poetry and flash fiction, which fictionalize anthropomorphism in AI and AI explainability, AI assistants and AI privacy, and the relationship between AI and human autonomy. This paper makes two contributions: 1) a poetics-based framework that broadens current understandings of written design fictions and 2) three design fictions that speculate on the future of human-AI interaction.
Conversate: Supporting Reflective Learning in Interview Practice Through Interactive Simulation and Dialogic Feedback
Authors: Daryanto Taufiq , Ding Xiaohan , Wilhelm Lance T. , Stil Sophia , Knutsen Kirk McInnis , Rho Eugenia H.
Published: January 2025

Job interviews play a critical role in shaping one's career, yet practicing interview skills can be challenging, especially without access to human coaches or peers for feedback. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) present an opportunity to enhance the interview practice experience. Yet, little research has explored the effectiveness and user perceptions of such systems or the benefits and challenges of using LLMs for interview practice. Furthermore, while prior work and recent commercial tools have demonstrated the potential of AI to assist with interview practice, they often deliver one-way feedback, where users only receive information about their performance. By contrast,
dialogic feedback
, a concept developed in learning sciences, is a two-way interaction feedback process that allows users to further engage with and learn from the provided feedback through interactive dialogue. This paper introduces Conversate, a web-based application that supports reflective learning in job interview practice by leveraging large language models (LLMs) for interactive interview simulations and dialogic feedback. To start the interview session, the user provides the title of a job position (e.g., entry-level software engineer) in the system. Then, our system will initialize the LLM agent to start the interview simulation by asking the user an opening interview question and following up with questions carefully adapted to subsequent user responses. After the interview session, our back-end LLM framework will then analyze the user's responses and highlight areas for improvement. Users can then annotate the transcript by selecting specific sections and writing self-reflections. Finally, the user can interact with the system for dialogic feedback, conversing with the LLM agent to learn from and iteratively refine their answers based on the agent's guidance. To evaluate Conversate, we conducted a user study with 19 participants to understand their perceptions of using LLM-supported interview simulation and dialogic feedback. Our findings show that participants valued the adaptive follow-up questions from LLMs, as they enhanced the realism of interview simulations and encouraged deeper thinking. Participants also appreciated the AI-assisted annotation, as it reduced their cognitive burden and mitigated excessive self-criticism in their own evaluation of their interview performance. Moreover, participants found the LLM-supported dialogic feedback to be beneficial, as it promoted personalized and continuous learning, reduced feelings of judgment, and allowed them to express disagreement.
Exploring Large Language Models Through a Neurodivergent Lens: Use, Challenges, Community-Driven Workarounds, and Concerns
Authors: Carik Buse , Ping Kaike , Ding Xiaohan , Rho Eugenia H.
Published: January 2025

Despite the increasing use of large language models (LLMs) in everyday life among neurodivergent individuals, our knowledge of how they engage with and perceive LLMs remains limited. In this study, we investigate how neurodivergent individuals interact with LLMs by qualitatively analyzing topically related discussions from 61 neurodivergent communities on Reddit. Our findings reveal 20 specific LLM use cases across five core thematic areas of use among neurodivergent users: emotional well-being, mental health support, interpersonal communication, learning, and professional development and productivity. We also identified key challenges, including overly neurotypical LLM responses and the limitations of text-based interactions. In response to such challenges, some users actively seek advice by sharing input prompts and corresponding LLM responses. Others develop workarounds by experimenting and modifying prompts to be more neurodivergent-friendly. Despite these efforts, users have significant concerns around LLM use, including potential overreliance and fear of replacing human connections. Our analysis highlights the need to make LLMs more inclusive for neurodivergent users and implications around how LLM technologies can reinforce unintended consequences and behaviors.
EyeDraw: Investigating the Perceived Effects of Shared Gaze on Remote Collaborative Drawing
Authors: Ma Eryn , Dixit Priya , Han Andy , Marsano Nicholas , Sparks Brooke , Sun Ashley , Tiangco Lucas , Zhou Tongyu , Huang Jeff , Papoutsaki Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Shared gaze, where collaborators can see each other's point of gaze visualized on their screen in real time, is a novel non-verbal mechanism that augments remote collaborations and increases shared awareness and common grounding. While past studies have focused on well-structured tasks and analyzed task performance and efficiency, our study explores the domain of collaborative drawing for recreational purposes and focuses on collaborators' own perceptions. We surveyed 75 users of online collaborative drawing platforms who mostly drew collaboratively for recreation and artistic growth; they reported the importance of communication but also of retaining individual space despite the collaborative setting. Informed by this and prior research on shared gaze, we evaluate collaboration by allowing two collaborators to draw synchronously on a shared canvas and share their point of gaze. We conducted a study with 24 pairs that drew collaboratively under all combinations of shared gaze and voice communication. Combining voice and shared gaze was perceived to reach the best balance between tightly coupled collaboration and parallel individual execution. Shared gaze led to higher spatial awareness and less turn-taking was observed in conditions that shared gaze was present. Surprisingly, many participants found the lack of any communication medium to afford the highest degree of divergent thinking. Our findings provide guidelines for adaptive tools that consider individual preferences as well as the nature of the task to better support remote collaborations that are open-ended and prize creativity.
Gender Stereotypes toward Non-gendered Generative AI: The Role of Gendered Expertise and Gendered Linguistic Cues
Authors: Duan Wen , McNeese Nathan , Li Lingyuan
Published: January 2025

With rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs), generative AI (GenAI) is transforming people's life and work across various domains. Unlike previous AI technologies that are often feminized, most of these GenAI tools are non-gendered, potentially preventing users from applying gender stereotypes. However, GenAI's use of natural language can evoke social perceptions including gender attribution, making it susceptible to gender associations. Using two online experiments, we explored how GenAI's removal of gender could mitigate individuals' gender stereotypes toward it, and how certain linguistic cues could trigger gender stereotypes even if it is non-gendered. We found that the removal of AI's gender did mitigate gender stereotypes toward it, but only to an extent. Additionally, gendered linguistic cues such as politeness, apologies, and tentative language (or lack thereof) could trigger gender stereotypes toward non-gendered AI. We contribute to HCI and CSCW research by providing a timely investigation into individuals' gender stereotypes toward GenAI agents, and one of the first to examine the profound impact of language style on users' perceptions and attributions of social characteristics to GenAI. Our findings shed light on the purposeful and responsible design of GenAI that prioritizes promoting gender equality, thereby ensuring that technological advancements align with evolving social values.
Generative Co-Learners: Enhancing Cognitive and Social Presence of Students in Asynchronous Learning with Generative AI
Authors: Wang Tianjia , Wu Tong , Liu Huayi , Brown Chris , Chen Yan
Published: January 2025

Cognitive presence and social presence are crucial for a comprehensive learning experience. Despite the flexibility of asynchronous learning environments to accommodate individual schedules, the inherent constraints of asynchronous environments make augmenting cognitive and social presence particularly challenging. Students often face challenges such as a lack of timely feedback and support, an absence of non-verbal cues in communication, and a sense of isolation. To address this challenge, this paper introduces Generative Co-Learners, a system designed to leverage generative AI-powered agents, simulating co-learners supporting multimodal interactions, to improve cognitive and social presence in asynchronous learning environments. We conducted a study involving 12 student participants who used our system to engage with online programming tutorials to assess the system's effectiveness. The results show that by implementing features to support textual and visual communication and simulate an interactive learning environment with generative agents, our system enhances the cognitive and social presence in the asynchronous learning environment. These results suggest the potential to use generative AI to support student learning and transform asynchronous learning into a more inclusive, engaging, and efficacious educational approach.
Psychological Ownership in Teleinstructive Augmented Reality Workspaces
Authors: Mentis Helena M. , Seo Jwawon , Avellino Ignacio
Published: January 2025

Psychological ownership over virtual and physical spaces in augmented reality can lead to tensions between collaborators, yet, there is still a significant challenge in understanding how psychological ownership manifests in shared AR and what that might mean for the inclusion of collaborative interaction mechanisms. Through an experimental instruction task with a teleAR system, we interviewed 16 participant pairs on their perceptions of ownership of virtual and physical spaces and how they thought their perceptions impacted their interaction within those spaces. Our findings indicate (1) how AR introduces new ideas around behavioral norms in spaces that are layered and (2) that the nature of the task itself, in this case one of instruction where collaborators have different levels of knowledge and the local worker is reliant on the remote expert, significantly affects the perceptions of ownership and therefore behavior norms.
Tales of Transitions: Seeking Scientific Software Sustainability
Authors: Cohoon Johanna , Du Caifan , Howison James
Published: January 2025

Software is crucial to science, but sustaining projects for long term impact is challenging. Scientists and funders look to ''the open source way'' (known as peer production in the organizational literature) as a promising route to sustainability. We studied scientific software projects funded by research grants and which were encouraged by their funder to develop a sustainable community around their open source code. Using interviews and content analysis of online presences, we studied the projects over a seven year period, from receiving grants around 2014 through the typically three years of funding, and for up to four years following the funding. We make four contributions: First, we find that by far the most successful route to peer production was beginning as peer production, a result with clear policy implications. Second, through our taxonomies of organizational forms and of organizational change, we paint a landscape of the variety of forms that scientific software development can take on and transition between providing language for discussion in the literature and among communities of practice. Third, we use these taxonomies to describe multiple routes to sustainable software development. Finally, we discuss the challenges and strategies involved in sustaining scientific software, including choices not to pursue peer production at all.
What Knowledge Do We Produce from Social Media Data and How?
Authors: Alvarado Garcia Adriana , Yang Tianling , Miceli Milagros
Published: January 2025

HCI and CSCW research that uses social media data to make inferences about individuals and communities has proliferated in the last decade. Previous studies have elaborated on methodological concerns and challenges and examined the assumptions and values underlying knowledge production through quantification and data. We expand this line of research by making visible and explicit the conventions and practices that establish, sustain, and reinforce current discourses in social media research. We conducted a Critical Discourse Analysis on 84 research papers published between 2010 and 2023 in CHI, CSCW, and GROUP that combine social media data and computational methods. Our findings show that plenty of this work legitimizes social media data as a valid source of information by centering its public availability, unobtrusiveness, and volume. Furthermore, to justify computational techniques, these papers prioritize computational expediency over data and method appropriateness. We argue that these embedded strategies may result in a methodological and epistemological distance between researchers and the studied communities, impacting problem framing, data collection, and finding application. With this work, we join the voices that have advocated for increased reflexivity in HCI and CSCW communities to scrutinize knowledge production and the role of researchers as knowledge producers.
Permutation Predictions for Non-Clairvoyant Scheduling
Authors: Lindermayr Alexander , Megow Nicole
Published: January 2025

In non-clairvoyant scheduling, the task is to schedule jobs with a priori
unknown
processing requirements. We revisit this well-studied problem with the objective of minimizing the total (weighted) completion time in a recently popular learning-augmented setting that integrates possibly imperfect predictions into online algorithm design. While previous works used predictions on processing requirements, we propose a new prediction model that provides a relative order of jobs, which could be seen as predicting algorithmic actions rather than parts of the unknown input. We show that these succinct predictions have desired properties, admit a natural error measure, and enable algorithms with strong performance guarantees. Additionally, these predictions are learnable in both theory and practice. We generalize the algorithmic framework proposed in the seminal paper by Purohit, Kumar, and Svitkina (NeurIPS 2018) and present the first learning-augmented scheduling results for weighted jobs and unrelated machines. We demonstrate in empirical experiments the practicability and superior performance compared to the previously suggested single-machine algorithms.
EVASR: Edge-Based Salience-Aware Super-Resolution for Enhanced Video Quality and Power Efficiency
Authors: Li Na , Zhu Zichen , Wei Sheng , Liu Yao
Published: January 2025

With the rapid growth of video content consumption, it is important to deliver high-quality streaming videos to users even under limited available network bandwidth. In this paper, we propose EVASR, a system that performs edge-based video delivery to clients with salience-aware super-resolution. We select patches with higher saliency score to perform super-resolution while applying the simple yet efficient bicubic interpolation for the remaining patches in the same video frame. To efficiently use the computation resources available at the edge server, we introduce a new metric called “saliency visual quality” and formulate patch selection as an optimization problem to achieve the best performance when an edge server is serving multiple users. We implement EVASR based on the FFmpeg framework and deploy it on three different platforms including desktop/laptop computers, mobile phones, and single board computers (SBCs). We conduct extensive experiments for evaluating the visual quality, super-resolution speed, and power savings that can be achieved by EVASR. Results show that EVASR outperforms baseline approaches in both resource efficiency and visual quality metrics including PSNR, saliency visual quality (SVQ), and VMAF. EVASR can also achieve substantial energy savings compared to baseline approaches
MobileSR
and
JetsonSR
on mobile devices.
Supplementary Information from Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification via Nondestructive 3D Pathology with Deep Learning–Assisted Gland Analysis
Authors: Xie Weisi , Reder Nicholas P. , Koyuncu Can , Leo Patrick , Hawley Sarah , Huang Hongyi , Mao Chenyi , Postupna Nadia , Kang Soyoung , Serafin Robert , Gao Gan , Han Qinghua , Bishop Kevin W. , Barner Lindsey A. , Fu Pingfu , Wright Jonathan L. , Keene C. Dirk , Vaughan Joshua C. , Janowczyk Andrew , Glaser Adam K. , Madabhushi Anant , True Lawrence D. , Liu Jonathan T.C.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary methods, notes, figures, tables, video captions, and references
Supplementary Data from Syk Inhibition Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Overcomes Gemcitabine-Induced Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rohila Deepak , Park In Hwan , Pham Timothy V. , Weitz Jonathan , Hurtado de Mendoza Tatiana , Madheswaran Suresh , Ishfaq Mehreen , Beaman Cooper , Tapia Elisabette , Sun Siming , Patel Jay , Tamayo Pablo , Lowy Andrew M. , Joshi Shweta
Published: January 2025

Supplementary table
Table S5 from Fitness Screens Map State-Specific Glioblastoma Stem Cell Vulnerabilities
Authors: MacLeod Graham , Molaei Fatemeh , Haider Shahan , Almeida Maira P. , Lin Sichun , Kushida Michelle , Sureshkumar Haresh , Bhatti Jasmine K. , Lu Jack Q. , Schramek Daniel , Dirks Peter B. , Angers Stephane
Published: January 2025

qBF scores GSC screens vs Nonmalignant control screens
Table S4 from Fitness Screens Map State-Specific Glioblastoma Stem Cell Vulnerabilities
Authors: MacLeod Graham , Molaei Fatemeh , Haider Shahan , Almeida Maira P. , Lin Sichun , Kushida Michelle , Sureshkumar Haresh , Bhatti Jasmine K. , Lu Jack Q. , Schramek Daniel , Dirks Peter B. , Angers Stephane
Published: January 2025

normalized Bayes Factor scores, essentiality calls and subtype scores from GBM5K and TKOv3 screens
Supplementary Tables from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Tables S1-S6
Supplementary Data Figure S6 from Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer Requires ASCL1
Authors: Rodarte Kathia E. , Nir Heyman Shaked , Guo Lei , Flores Lydia , Savage Trisha K. , Villarreal Juan , Deng Su , Xu Lin , Shah Rajal B. , Oliver Trudy G. , Johnson Jane E.
Published: January 2025

Differential expression of genes and gene signatures in RPM and RPMA allografts.
Supplementary Table S6 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

TCR clonal analysis via immunoSEQ ANALYZER software and The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) TCRMatch results
Supplementary Figure S7 from Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Authors: Johanns Tanner M. , Garfinkle Elizabeth A.R. , Miller Katherine E. , Livingstone Alexandra J. , Roberts Kaleigh F. , Rao Venkata Lakshmi P. , Dowling Joshua L. , Chicoine Michael R. , Dacey Ralph G. , Zipfel Gregory J. , Kim Albert H. , Mardis Elaine R. , Dunn Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

CDR3beta sequences ranked by abundance
Critical evaluation of Pap test adherence to routine screening in Amazonas State, Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Rosana Lima , Valente Emanuelle Cristina de Andrade , Gadelha João Guilherme de Souza , Witkin Steven S. , Viscondi Juliana Yukari K. , de Jesus Rita de Cássia Castro , Freitas Lúcia Marques de , Sampaio Ivanete de Lima , Gomes Edson de Freitas , Torres Kátia Luz , Mendes-Corrêa Maria Cássia , Longatto-Filho Adhemar , Martins Toni Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This study critically evaluates adherence to Pap test screening practices in cytology-based cervical cancer screening in the state of Amazonas over a 10-year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the results of cytological screening examinations (Pap test) in Amazonas State from 2013 to 2023. For this purpose, Brazilian public databases Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCOLO) and Cancer Information System (SISCAN) (from The Department of Information and IT of the Unified Health System - DATASUS) were consulted. Results: There was a decrease in the number of Pap tests performed during the period from 2019 to 2021, likely related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was followed by a subsequent increase in the post-pandemic period. Notably, in municipalities with fewer than 10,000 annual Pap examinations there was a decrease in the average number of tests when comparing the years 2016-2018 to 2013-2015, and an even greater decrease during the pandemic. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in utilization of the cytological Pap test across different municipalities. This lack of uniformity throughout the State likely compromises the capacity to detect early stage cervical intraepithelial lesions.

Key words: Cervical cancer screening, cervical cytology, cytology in low-resource settings, Primary screening, Public health.
Novas disquisições sobre a Corposfera Sitofilia: corpo e sexo, erotismo e alimentação
Authors: Finol José Enrique
Published: January 2025

Este artigo aborda as relações entre corporeidade, comensalidade e erotismo. Para isso, são analisadas as organizações semióticas de expressões e práticas rituais e alimentares que se baseiam no corpo, na alimentação e em algumas de suas manifestações eróticas. Referências particulares são feitas ao erotismo gastrorritual, ao chamado food porn, ao erotismo místico corporal e à antropofagia erótica. Propomos um modelo de relações semióticas entre corpo, sexo e alimentação que evidencia suas semelhanças e suas expressões particulares. Conclui-se que a erotização do corpo encontra nos alimentos, em sua apresentação e consumo, uma fonte de criação de sentidos eróticos e imaginários coletivos.
Magia publicitária: a arte da mediação
Authors: Flores Roberto
Published: January 2025

The article develops an anthropological and semiotic approach to advertising spots that narratively place a product on stage. The hypothesis is that advertising appeals to the same resources as magic. For the magical-advertising act to be effective, the necessary ritual conditions of its presentation must be set: through catharsis, a feeling of community that involves all the characters participating in the scene is created. The presence of observers is unavoidable as they are mediators in the production of catharsis. Thus, the magical-advertising causality spreads, not only among the characters, but goes beyond the statement to reach the viewer.
Variation in Hypertension Control by Race and Ethnicity, and Geography in US Veterans
Authors: Lind Kimberly E. , Wong Michelle S. , Frochen Stephen E. , Yuan Anita H. , Washington Donna L.
Published: January 2025

Background

Hypertension control and related cardiovascular outcomes among Americans remain suboptimal, and differ by race, ethnicity, and geography. Healthcare access is one of multiple critical factors in hypertension control. Understanding the degree to which healthcare access, versus other factors, produce these outcomes can inform policies and interventions to improve cardiovascular outcomes and reduce disparities. Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System data provide a unique opportunity to understand residual racial and ethnic differences in hypertension control after accounting for healthcare access. Our objective was to describe pre‐pandemic post‐Affordable Care Act implementation hypertension control by geographic sector and race and ethnicity, and assess spatial clustering of hypertension control.

Methods and Results

A secondary data analysis of hypertension control among US veterans (n=1 619 414) nationwide and in 4 US territories was conducted using electronic health record data. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted regression models estimated overall and race‐ and ethnicity‐specific rates by geographic sector. We created choropleth maps of hypertension control rates and assessed spatial autocorrelation. Hypertension control rates varied across sectors by race and ethnicity (range, 44.1%–97.5%); Black veterans, followed by American Indian or Alaska Native veterans, had the lowest mean control rates (72.5% and 75.4%, respectively). There was clustering of low hypertension control rates for Black veterans in the Pacific Northwest, Southwest, Missouri, Kansas, and Arkansas, and for American Indian or Alaska Native veterans in the West and Southwest.

Conclusions

Hypertension control rates varied geographically for veteran groups experiencing racial and ethnic disparities. Geographic areas with concentrations of low rates of hypertension control should be a focus for interventions to address racial and ethnic disparities.
Prognostic Significance of Computed Tomography‐Derived Fractional Flow Reserve for Long‐Term Outcomes in Individuals With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Li Zhennan , Xu Tingfeng , Wang Zhiqiang , Ding Yaodong , Zhang Yang , Lin Li , Wang Minxian , Xu Lei , Zeng Yong
Published: January 2025

Background

Data on the predictive value of coronary computed tomography angiography–derived fractional flow reserve (CT‐FFR) for long‐term outcomes are limited.

Methods and Results

A retrospective pooled analysis of individual patient data was performed. Deep‐learning‐based CT‐FFR was calculated. All patients enrolled were followed‐up for at least 5 years. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events. The secondary outcome was death or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Predictive abilities for outcomes were compared among 3 models (model 1, constructed using clinical variables; model 2, model 1+coronary computed tomography angiography–derived anatomical parameters; and model 3, model 2+CT‐FFR). A total of 2566 patients (median age, 60 [53–65] years; 56.0% men) with coronary artery disease were included. During a median follow‐up time of 2197 (2127–2386) days, 237 patients (9.2%) experienced major adverse cardiovascular events. In multivariable‐adjusted Cox models, CT‐FFR≤0.80 (hazard ratio [HR], 5.05 [95% CI, 3.64–7.01];
P
<0.001) exhibited robust predictive value. The discriminant ability was higher in model 2 than in model 1 (Harrell's C‐statistics, 0.79 versus 0.64;
P
<0.001) and was further promoted by adding CT‐FFR to model 3 (Harrell's C‐statistics, 0.83 versus 0.79;
P
<0.001). Net reclassification improvement was 0.264 (
P
<0.001) for model 2 beyond model 1. Of note, compared with model 2, model 3 also exhibited improvement (net reclassification improvement=0.085;
P
=0.001). As for predicting death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, only incorporating CT‐FFR into model 3 showed improved reclassification (net reclassification improvement=0.131;
P
=0.021).

Conclusions

CT‐FFR provides strong and incremental prognostic information for predicting long‐term outcomes. The combined models incorporating CT‐FFR exhibit modest improvement of prediction abilities, which may aid in risk stratification and decision‐making.
Temporal Unfolding of Spelling-to-sound Mappings in Visual (Non)word Recognition
Authors: Faísca Luís , Reis Alexandra , Araújo Susana
Published: January 2025

Behavioral research has shown that inconsistency in spelling-to-sound mappings slows visual word recognition and word naming. However, the time course of this effect remains underexplored. To address this, we asked skilled adult readers to perform a 1-back repetition detection task that did not explicitly involve phonological coding, in which we manipulated lexicality (high-frequency words vs. pseudowords) and sublexical spelling-to-sound consistency (treated as a dichotomous—consistent vs. inconsistent—and continuous dimension), while recording their brain electrical activity. The ERP results showed that the adult brain distinguishes between real and nonexistent words within 119–172 msec after stimulus onset (early N170), likely reflecting initial, rapid access to a primitive visuo-orthographic representation. The consistency of spelling-to-sound mappings exerted an effect shortly after the lexicality effect (172–270 msec; late N170), which percolated to the 353- to 475-msec range but only for real words. This suggests that, in expert readers, orthographic and phonological codes become available automatically and nearly simultaneously within the first 200 msec of the recognition process. We conclude that the early coupling of orthographic and phonological information plays a core role in visual word recognition by mature readers. Our findings support “quasiparallel” processing rather than strict cognitive seriality in early visual word recognition.
Saccades and Blinks Index Cognitive Demand During Auditory Noncanonical Sentence Comprehension
Authors: LaCroix Arianna N. , Ratiu Ileana
Published: January 2025

Noncanonical sentence structures pose comprehension challenges because they require increased cognitive demand. Prosody may partially alleviate this cognitive load. These findings largely stem from behavioral studies, yet physiological measures may reveal additional insights into how cognition is deployed to parse sentences. Pupillometry has been at the forefront of investigations into physiological measures of cognitive demand during auditory sentence comprehension. This study offers an alternative approach by examining whether eye-tracking measures, including blinks and saccades, index cognitive demand during auditory noncanonical sentence comprehension and whether these metrics are sensitive to reductions in cognitive load associated with typical prosodic cues. We further investigated how eye-tracking patterns differ across correct and incorrect responses, as a function of time, and how each related to behavioral measures of cognition. Canonical and noncanonical sentence comprehension was measured in 30 younger adults using an auditory sentence–picture matching task. We also assessed participants' attention and working memory. Blinking and saccades both differentiate noncanonical sentences from canonical sentences. Saccades further distinguish noncanonical structures from each other. Participants made more saccades on incorrect than correct trials. The number of saccades also related to working memory, regardless of syntax. However, neither eye-tracking metric was sensitive to the changes in cognitive demand that was behaviorally observed in response to typical prosodic cues. Overall, these findings suggest that eye-tracking indices, particularly saccades, reflect cognitive demand during auditory noncanonical sentence comprehension when visual information is present, offering greater insights into the strategies and neural resources participants use to parse auditory sentences.
Beyond Increasing Sample Sizes: Optimizing Effect Sizes in Neuroimaging Research on Individual Differences
Authors: DeYoung Colin G. , Hilger Kirsten , Hanson Jamie L. , Abend Rany , Allen Timothy A. , Beaty Roger E. , Blain Scott D. , Chavez Robert S. , Engel Stephen A. , Feilong Ma , Fornito Alex , Genç Erhan , Goghari Vina , Grazioplene Rachael G. , Homan Philipp , Joyner Keanan , Kaczkurkin Antonia N. , Latzman Robert D. , Martin Elizabeth A. , Nikolaidis Aki , Pickering Alan D. , Safron Adam , Sassenberg Tyler A. , Servaas Michelle N. , Smillie Luke D. , Spreng R. Nathan , Viding Essi , Wacker Jan
Published: January 2025

Linking neurobiology to relatively stable individual differences in cognition, emotion, motivation, and behavior can require large sample sizes to yield replicable results. Given the nature of between-person research, sample sizes at least in the hundreds are likely to be necessary in most neuroimaging studies of individual differences, regardless of whether they are investigating the whole brain or more focal hypotheses. However, the appropriate sample size depends on the expected effect size. Therefore, we propose four strategies to increase effect sizes in neuroimaging research, which may help to enable the detection of replicable between-person effects in samples in the hundreds rather than the thousands: (1) theoretical matching between neuroimaging tasks and behavioral constructs of interest; (2) increasing the reliability of both neural and psychological measurement; (3) individualization of measures for each participant; and (4) using multivariate approaches with cross-validation instead of univariate approaches. We discuss challenges associated with these methods and highlight strategies for improvements that will help the field to move toward a more robust and accessible neuroscience of individual differences.
Exploring the Pathways Through Which Teacher Support Predicts Changes in Students’ Academic Coping Across the School Year: A Self-Determination Theory Approach
Authors: Raine Kristen E. , Tucker Kristina S. , Skinner Ellen A.
Published: January 2025

Students regularly encounter challenges and difficulties in their schoolwork. Mounting evidence suggests that the ways they cope with them can make a difference to their subsequent tenacity, engagement, learning, and achievement. To learn more about the factors that can foster productive coping, we conducted a study using a model based on Self-Determination Theory that specifies a set of personal motivational resources (self-appraisals of relatedness, competence, and autonomy) and interpersonal supports (teacher motivational provisions). Results showed that teacher motivational support at the beginning of the school year predicted changes in students’ profiles of academic coping across the year, and all three self-appraisals uniquely and fully mediated these effects. Follow-up analyses of individual coping responses suggested similar mediational patterns, although for some responses the effects of teachers were only partially mediated. Findings highlight the importance of perceived competence and of teacher motivational provisions, which seem to promote coping by supporting students’ needs.
Return to Work, Sport, and Sport- Related Activity After Distal Triceps Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Johns William L. , Miltenberg Benjamin H. , Baumann Anthony N. , Kermanshahi Nazanin , Muchintala Rahul R. , Cohen Steven B.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Distal triceps tendon injuries are relatively rare injuries, often occurring in highly active patients with physically demanding jobs or lifestyles. Information on return to work, sport, and activity is essential for patient education and counseling after a distal triceps tendon rupture.

Purpose:

To determine the rates of return to work, sport, and sport-related activity after distal triceps tendon repair.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were queried from the earliest record through January 12, 2024. Articles were included if they examined return to various activities (exercise, sport, work, or military duty) after distal triceps tendon repair. Data on return to sport/work/activity were collected as well as information on patient satisfaction, pre-existing medical history or medication use (ie, anabolic steroids or corticosteroids), and complications. Article quality was assessed via the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) scale.

Results:

Of 164 articles initially retrieved, 10 retrospective studies were included. Patients (n = 318; 74.2% male, 25.8% female) who underwent distal triceps tendon repair had a mean age of 44.7 ± 5.5 years with a mean follow-up time of 52.6 ± 21.4 months. After distal triceps tendon repair, 93.3% of patients (112/120) returned to sport, 95.3% (81/85) returned to military duty, and 92.6% (100/108) returned to work. Of the studies that evaluated satisfaction, the majority of patients reported high satisfaction after surgery. The overall complication rate (ranging from persistent pain and wound complications to nerve injuries and reruptures) after distal triceps tendon repair was 18.0%, the rerupture rate (complete and partial) was 7.2%, and the reoperation rate was 3.9%, with all partial reruptures undergoing nonoperative care.

Conclusion:

A distal triceps tendon rupture is a rare but potentially challenging injury, traditionally occurring in an active population, and often requires surgical repair. Importantly, >90% of an active-duty military population, athletes, and the general workforce was able to return to sport or their respective activity after surgery. Furthermore, there was high patient satisfaction and low rates of complications and reoperations after distal triceps tendon repair.
Uncertainty-media fit and Psychological Capital for Trust Building in Virtual Leader-Follower Interactions
Authors: Norman Steven M. , Baldo Carlos , Chen-McCain Shiang-Lih , Larson Milan
Published: January 2025

A very important challenge facing leaders and followers alike is how to navigate the virtual workplace where much of our communication and interactions occur through the use of technology. This field experiment examined whether a leader's choice of communication media given the situational uncertainty (termed uncertainty-media fit here to parallel related research) impacted the amount and type of trust (cognitive versus affective) that developed between leaders and followers. Further, we tested whether the leader's perceived level of psychological capital (PsyCap) impacted the results obtained. To test our hypotheses, 326 participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions of high (low) media richness×high (low) situational uncertainty. Results of our study indicated that communication media choice, in and of itself, did not seem to impact results. However, the situational uncertainty present in our scenarios impacted subjects’ amount and type of trust in the leaders, lending credence to the argument that perhaps technology is, in fact, more based on how it is interpreted, rather than whether the leader uses media higher in richness to communicate more complex information. Further, subjects’ perception of the leader's psychological capital (PsyCap) moderated results obtained. In addition to limitations and suggestions for future research, we conclude with practical implications for leaders that may have an impact on the amount and type of trust that develops between leaders and followers in a virtual work environment.