bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Cell Tropism of Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus for Airway Epithelial Cells Is Determined by the Expression of Porcine Aminopeptidase N
Authors: Peng Ju-Yi , Punyadarsaniya Darsaniya , Shin Dai-Lun , Pavasutthipaisit Suvarin , Beineke Andreas , Li Guangxing , Wu Nai-Huei , Herrler Georg
Published: October 2020

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV) infects the epithelial cells in the respiratory tract of pigs, causing a mild respiratory disease. We applied air–liquid interface (ALI) cultures of well-differentiated porcine airway cells to mimic the respiratory tract epithelium in vitro and use it for analyzing the infection by PRCoV. As reported for most coronaviruses, virus entry and virus release occurred mainly via the apical membrane domain. A novel finding was that PRCoV preferentially targets non-ciliated and among them the non-mucus-producing cells. Aminopeptidase N (APN), the cellular receptor for PRCoV was also more abundantly expressed on this type of cell suggesting that APN is a determinant of the cell tropism. Interestingly, differentiation-dependent differences were found both in the expression of pAPN and the susceptibility to PRCoV infection. Cells in an early differentiation stage express higher levels of pAPN and are more susceptible to infection by PRCoV than are well-differentiated cells. A difference in the susceptibility to infection was also detected when tracheal and bronchial cells were compared. The increased susceptibility to infection of bronchial epithelial cells was, however, not due to an increased abundance of APN on the cell surface. Our data reveal a complex pattern of infection in porcine differentiated airway epithelial cells that could not be elucidated with immortalized cell lines. The results are expected to have relevance also for the analysis of other respiratory viruses.
Different Long-Term Duration of Seroprotection against Neisseria meningitidis in Adolescents and Middle-Aged Adults after a Single Meningococcal ACWY Conjugate Vaccination in The Netherlands
Authors: Ohm Milou , van Rooijen Debbie M. , Bonačić Marinović Axel A. , van Ravenhorst Mariëtte B. , van der Heiden Marieke , Buisman Anne-Marie , Sanders Elisabeth A.M. , Berbers Guy A.M.
Published: October 2020

Neisseria meningitidis is often asymptomatically carried in the nasopharynx but may cause invasive meningococcal disease, leading to morbidity and mortality. Meningococcal conjugate vaccinations induce functional protective antibodies against capsular antigens, but seroprotection wanes over time. We measured functional antibody titers five years after administration of a single dose of the meningococcal ACWY-polysaccharide-specific tetanus toxoid-conjugated (MenACWY-TT) vaccine in adolescents and middle-aged adults in the Netherlands, using the serum bactericidal antibody with baby rabbit complement (rSBA) assay. Protection was defined as rSBA titer ≥8. The meningococcal ACWY-specific serum IgG concentrations were measured with a multiplex immunoassay. Duration of protection was estimated by a bi-exponential decay model. Sufficient protection for MenC, MenW, and MenY was achieved in 94–96% of the adolescents five years postvaccination, but, in middle-aged adults, only in 32% for MenC, 65% for MenW and 71% for MenY. Median duration of protection for MenCWY was 4, 14, and 21 years, respectively, in middle-aged adults, while, in adolescents, it was 32, 98, and 33 years. Our findings suggest that adolescents, primed in early childhood with MenC conjugate vaccination, remain sufficiently protected after a single dose of MenACWY-TT vaccine. Middle-aged adults without priming vaccination show fast waning of antibodies, particularly MenC, for which protection is lost after four years.
Identification and Isolation of Two Different Subpopulations Within African Swine Fever Virus Arm/07 Stock
Authors: Pérez-Núñez Daniel , Castillo-Rosa Eva , Vigara-Astillero Gonzalo , García-Belmonte Raquel , Gallardo Carmina , Revilla Yolanda
Published: October 2020

No efficient vaccines exist against African swine fever virus (ASFV), which causes a serious disease in wild boars and domestic pigs that produces great industrial and ecological concerns worldwide. An extensive genetic characterization of the original ASFV stocks used to produce live attenuated vaccine (LAV) prototypes is needed for vaccine biosecurity and control. Here, we sequenced for the first time the Arm/07 stock which was obtained from an infected pig during the Armenia outbreak in 2007, using an improved viral dsDNA purification method together with high coverage analysis. There was unexpected viral heterogeneity within the stock, with two genetically distinct ASFV subpopulations. The first, represented by the Arm/07/CBM/c2 clone, displayed high sequence identity to the updated genotype II Georgia 2007/1, whereas the second (exemplified by clone Arm/07/CBM/c4) displayed a hemadsorbing phenotype and grouped within genotype I based on a central region conserved among all members of this group. Intriguingly, Arm/07/CBM/c4 contained a unique EP402R sequence, produced by a single mutation in the N-terminal region. Importantly, Arm/07/CBM/c4 showed in vitro features of attenuated strains regarding innate immune response pathway. Both Arm/07/CBM/c2 and c4 represent well-characterized viral clones, useful for different molecular and virus-host interaction studies, including virulence studies and vaccine development.
Development and Evaluation of Vero Cell-Derived Master Donor Viruses for Influenza Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Chen Po-Ling , Tzeng Tsai-Teng , Hu Alan Yung-Chih , Wang Lily Hui-Ching , Lee Min-Shi
Published: October 2020

The embryonated egg-based platform currently produces the majority of seasonal influenza vaccines by employing a well-developed master donor virus (MDV, A/PR/8/34 (PR8)) to generate high-growth reassortants (HGRs) for A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 subtypes. Although the egg-based platform can supply enough seasonal influenza vaccines, it cannot meet surging demands during influenza pandemics. Therefore, multi-purpose platforms are desirable for pandemic preparedness. The Vero cell-based production platform is widely used for human vaccines and could be a potential multi-purpose platform for pandemic influenza vaccines. However, many wild-type and egg-derived influenza viruses cannot grow efficiently in Vero cells. Therefore, it is critical to develop Vero cell-derived high-growth MDVs for pandemic preparedness. In this study, we evaluated two in-house MDVs (Vero-15 and VB5) and two external MDVs (PR8 and PR8-HY) to generate Vero cell-derived HGRs for five avian influenza viruses (AIVs) with pandemic potentials (H5N1 clade 2.3.4, H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1, American-lineage H5N2, H7N9 first wave and H7N9 fifth wave). Overall, no single MDV could generate HGRs for all five AIVs, but this goal could be achieved by employing two in-house MDVs (vB5 and Vero-15). In immunization studies, mice received two doses of Vero cell-derived inactivated H5N1 and H7N9 whole virus antigens adjuvanted with alum and developed robust antibody responses.
Research on the Utilization of Saline Alkali Water Resources Based on Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Sun Zhilin , Yang Yang , Tu Wenrong , Hu Qiuyue , Zhai Chaoqun
Published: October 2020

In order to reasonably use solar energy to solve problems such as land desertification and soil salinization in Southern Xinjiang, this paper proposes a system combining photothermal and flash evaporation technologies, which use local saline water for desalination treatment to achieve secondary utilization of water resources. Firstly, we introduce the whole system of the photovoltaic desalination plant. As an important heat-collecting element of the system, the solar tube is the key to whether this plant can work efficiently. Then, we carry out the detection and theoretical derivation of data along the tube. We establish a two-phase flow model of saline water in the tube, considering convective heat transfer, and define the formula of the heat collecting efficiency factor. Finally, based on iterative calculation, the temperature trend of the tube and the change law of the two-phase flow are obtained, and the ecological and economic benefits and energy efficiency of the system are analyzed.
Selection of the assortment of trees for protective forest plantations
Authors:   Novosilskaya zonal agroforestry experimental station – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Integrated Reclamation and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Petelko A.I.
Published: October 2020

Reclamation of land on community land funds and the hydrographic network contributes to the most effective means of protecting the soil from water erosion. However, the condition, growth, and productivity of the protective forest stands themselves depend on the species composition. Many years of studies have clearly shown that not all tree species and shrubs can successfully grow on washed soils. Extensive scientific material provides a description of the growth and current status of the studied species, a detailed taxation description of the forest plantations. Of particular value are those species that can grow on eroded lands and protect the soil from erosion.
Creation of industrial technology aiming to produce high-productive vineyards
Authors:   Khujand Politechnical Institute of the  Tajik Technical University named after academic M.S. Osimi, Rashidov N. J.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this work was to study the development of the eyelets and shoots of white table grapes variety ‘Huseyne’ in different ecological zones of Northern Tajikistan depending on the load left (60, 80, 100 eyelets), planting pattern and height of the stem (3 × 2 m, height of the stem 80 cm; 3 × 2 m, height of the stem 120 cm; 4 × 3.7 + 0.6 m, paired, height of the stem 140 cm). On high-stem grapevines, the fruit-bearing capacity (productivity) of shoots increases. This is especially noticeable in paired plantings, where the amount of manual works reduces and becomes more automated. Also, due to good aeration, the resistance of plants to diseases like mildew and gray mold increases.
DETERMINANT FACTOR OF LOCAL FOOD CONSUMPTION OF THE HOUSEHOLDS IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE
Authors: Sayekti, Wuryaningsih Dwi
Published: October 2020

Diversification of food consumption is an effort to realize food security. Diversification of food consumption must be based on the potential of local resources, so the development of processed local food is important. Tapioca vermicelli and siger rice are local food preparations that are widely known by the people of Lampung Province as a substitute for carbohydrate sources of tubers. This research addresses to determine consumption and identify determinants of household local food consumption. The study was conducted in Bandar Lampung City, Metro City, and Pringsewu District, Lampung Province using survey methods. The research location was selected purposively. The research sample consisted of 180 households who were selected randomly. Data was collected by interviews with questionnaires. Data was analyzed by descriptive and factor analysis. The results showed that cassava is the most consumed local food. Based on the 14 factors analyzed, formed five factors, namely the recognition and acceptance factors, nutritional knowledge, education, wive’s job, and the number of household members. The factor of consumer recognition and acceptance of local food was a determinant factor of local food consumption in Lampung Province.
Pengaruh Proses Pemasakan dan Penambahan Bahan Pengawet Terhadap Karakteristik Lemang Selama Masa penyimpanan
Authors: Sholichah Enny , Kumalasari Rima , Afifah Nok , Indrianti Novita , Nurintan Faradila , Rahayuningtyas Ari , Budiati Titik
Published: October 2020

Lemang termasuk pangan semi basah dengan umur simpan relatif pendek, dibuat dari beras ketan dan santan dalam seruas bambu dengan dilapisi daun pisang. Pemasakan lemang umumnya dengan cara dibakar hingga matang. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui umur simpan lemang pada 3 jenis proses pemasakan (kukus, rebus dan bakar) dengan 3 variasi penambahan bahan pengawet (kontrol, potassium sorbat dan asap cair). Parameter yang diamati selama penyimpanan pada suhu ruang adalah total bakteri (Total Plate Count) dan kapang/khamir; kadar air serta tekstur lemang meliputi hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, springiness dan resilience. Disain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial dengan 3 faktor yaitu (A) proses pemasakan, (B) penambahan bahan pengawet, dan (C) waktu penyimpanan. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh bahwa  masa simpan lemang kukus dengan penambahan potasium sorbat (250ppm) adalah yang terbaik berdasarakan nilai TPC dan Kapang-khamir yaitu selama 3 hari. Berdasarkan nilai kadar air, lemang bakar memiliki kadar air terendah. Tekstur lemang bakar paling keras dibandingkan lemang kukus dan rebus yang memiliki tekstur lebih lembek dan lengket
Leadership Attributes Good vs. Bad– Lessons from Vidur Neeti (Mahabharata)
Authors:   School of Management Sciences, Varanasi, India, Patel Anamika
Published: October 2020

The vast ocean of Indian Santana scriptures contains a lot more gems of wisdom for the modern era than they are accounted for. One such deep sea of knowledge is Vidur Neeti, given in Mahabharata). Vidur Neeti, mentioned in the third chapter of Udyog Parva of Mahabharata, contains the age-old wisdom which offers new insights every time anyone explores the depths of its pages. Prajaagara Parva- a subsection of Udyog Parva, includes a dialogue between King Dhritarashtra, and Prime-minister Vidur wherein Vidur advises the king about the proper code of conduct. The paper lists those verses which describe wise and foolish qualities, which can be attributed to a good and bad leader, respectively.
Migration and the labour market impacts of COVID-19
Authors: Barker Nathan , Davis C. Austin , López-Peña Paula , Mitchell Harrison , Mobarak A. Mushfiq , Naguib Karim , Reimão Maira Emy , Shenoy Ashish , Vernot Corey
Published: October 2020

Using detailed microdata, we document how migration-dependent households are especially vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. We create pre- and post-COVID panel datasets for three populations in Bangladesh and Nepal, leveraging experimental and observational variation in prior migration dependence. We report 25 per cent greater declines in earnings and fourfold greater prevalence of food insecurity among migrant households since March. Causes include lower migration rates, less remittance income per migrant, isolation in origin communities, and greater health risks. We compile a large set of secondary data to demonstrate the extent of vulnerability worldwide and conclude with recommendations for policy targeted at migrants.
Editorial
Authors: Villa Stein Javier
Published: October 2020

Pretende destacar y difundir, tambien, los avances jurídicos y las nuevas doctrinas que renuevan al derecho haciendo que la justicia no sea una mera declaración, sino en el aspecto funcional del Estado y la sociedad
ADENOCARCINOMA COLORRETAL - EVOLUÇÃO TÍPICA DE UM CÂNCER PREVENÍVEL
Authors: Gabriella Rosado Vale Lara , Delfino Martins da Nóbrega Danielle , Nunes Alves de Sousa Milena
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Descrever um caso de adenocarcinoma colorretal avançado com acometimento metastático e suas principais características clínicas, histopatológicas e possibilidades terapêuticas. Metodologia: O presente trabalho constitui-se de um estudo retrospectivo, através de uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva sobre um relato de caso que foi realizado a partir de revisão do prontuário médico. Resultados: Foi evidenciado um paciente com adenocarcinoma colorretal avançado com diagnóstico tardio, submetido a vários procedimentos cirúrgicos e quimioterápicos, necessitando de seguimento oncológico. Conclusão: Com base nas orientações de screening do CCR, esse caso poderia ter evoluído para um melhor prognóstico se esse paciente houvesse iniciado o rastreio precoce. Assim, mudanças no estilo de vida e o rastreio prematuro são fundamentais à prevenção e bom prognóstico da neoplasia, sejam em pacientes com histórico familiar ou não.

Palavras chave: Neoplasias colorretais. Programas de rastreamento. Colonoscopia. Metástase neoplásica.
DEMOGRAPHICALLY-DETERMINED CHANGES IN PUBLIC SPENDING ON EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Nazukova Nataliia
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Ensuring the sustainability of the public finance system forms the basis for sustainable development and growth of the national economy. The sustainability of the public finance system is influenced by both macro-financial indicators and indicators of government spending and debt. It is well known that the demographic burden on the budget will grow in the future. This will be manifested in an increase of government’s social spending. Therefore, studies of the impact of demographically-driven costs on the sustainability of public finances in the future are relevant. Insufficiently studied – in this particular context – are the government’s spending on education, which led to the choice of the subject of the study.
Purpose. The purpose of the research is in analytical assessment of the impact of changes in the volume of spending on education (caused by the demographic aging in Ukraine) on budgetary sustainability.
Method (methodology). The methodological basis of the study is the theoretical provisions of the economic science of public finance in general and public funding of education in particular. The article uses general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical knowledge: analysis and synthesis of data on financing of various levels of education and their age structure; mathematical modeling and forecasting in assessing the demographic impact on public finance’ sustainability; systemic analysis of the results.
Results. The article reflects the main results of the analysis of demographically determined trends in the volume of financing of various levels of education in Ukraine, determines the age proportions of financing of education in the base year and decomposes the corresponding spending by the age structure of the population; changes in the volume of budget financing of various levels of education in Ukraine in the medium and long term (taking into account forecasts of demographic aging of the population), estimates the impact of demographically determined changes in the volume of budget financing of education on the sustainability of public finance in the medium term. The results can be applied in budget planning, in the development of a budget declaration and program-targeted documents regarding financing of the education sector in Ukraine.
TOF-PET image reconstruction with multiple timing kernels applied on Cherenkov radiation in BGO
Authors: Efthimiou Nikos , Kratochwil Nicolaus , Gundacker Stefan , Polesel Andea , Salomoni Matteo , Auffray Etiennette , Pizzichemi Marco
Published: October 2020

Today Time-Of-Flight in PET scanners assumes a unique, well-defined timing resolution for all coincidence events.
However, recent BGO-Cherenkov detectors, combining prompt Cherenkov emission and the typical BGO scintillation signal, are capable of sorting events into multiple mixture timing kernels and therefore increase the available information for the image reconstruction. The number of Cherenkov photons detected per event impacts directly the signal rise time, which can therefore be used to improve the timing resolution.
In this work, we present a simulation toolkit that outputs data with multiple timing resolutions and image reconstruction that incorporates this information.
A full cylindrical BGO-Cherenkov PET model was compared, in terms of contrast recovery and contrast-to-noise ratio, against non-TOF and an LYSO model with time resolution of 213 ps.
Two reconstruction approaches for the mixture kernels were tested; mixture Gaussian and decomposed simple Gaussian models. The decomposed model used the exact mixture component applied in the simulation.
Images reconstructed using mixture kernels provided similar mean value and less noise as compared to the decomposed simple Gaussian kernels. Although, the later converged faster.
Related to the standard LYSO model, the BGO-Cherenkov provided similar contrast, although, in most cases, with more iterations.
However, due to the higher sensitivity, the contrast-to-noise ratio was 26.4% better for the BGO model.
A Mixture of Timing Steganography and Series Cryptography
Authors: Okello Moses Oyaro
Published: October 2020

This Paper presents improvement and extension of previous methodology about timing steganography based on network steganography. The previous article uses time interval between two successive transmissions mixed with cryptography prior to hiding. However this improvement tend to extend and provide new methods based on time format such as hours, minutes, second, millisecond and Nanosecond etc. It further examine how to handle effect of different time zone and high precision timing for ultrafast timing such as millisecond, Nanoseconds, picosecond, femtosecond which human action is too slow for perfect timing. In addition, the extension based on TCP-IP status codes where each elements of set of status code are index and the index represents certain numeric of combination for hiding. Finally, the cryptography method is improved and extended to series based cryptography with any defined number of different cryptographic methods combined altogether with multiple keys generated dynamically. The methods for both cryptography and steganography was integrated and each module carefully tested for their feasibility and appropriate analysis, comparisons is presented too.
A ATUAÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE TRANSPLANTE DE CORAÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Costa Shamyle Aramys dos Santos , Epaminondas Lorena Cristine Soares , Pena Júlio César Veiga , Lima Paula Thayna Soares , Negrão Larissa Nascimento , Sassim Paulo Vitor de Souza , Ferreira Tereza Cristina dos Reis
Published: October 2020

Introdução: As doenças cardíacas afetam milhares de pessoas no Brasil e no mundo, apresentando uma alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade, e os casos de óbitos vem crescendo ano a ano. Quando os recursos para a desobstrução cardíaca esgotam, se faz necessário uma intervenção cirúrgica. Quando um paciente é submetido a um transplante cardíaco ele sofre diversas transformações cardiorrespiratórias e musculoesqueléticas que o debilitam e que se somam ao estado anterior que acometiam esse paciente. Objetivo: Tendo em vista esse problema faz-se necessário a prescrição de uma reabilitação cardíaca com a finalidade de reverter o quadro clínico, onde por meio da atuação de uma equipe multidisciplinar o profissional fisioterapeuta atuará na melhoria do quadro clínico desse paciente assim como na sua qualidade de vida. Método: O presente trabalho é uma retrospectiva dos últimos artigos científicos indexados em bases de dados online (SciELO, Lilacs e PEDro) que abordaram a atuação do fisioterapeuta na prescrição da reabilitação cardíaca utilizando os descritores: “Transplante Cardíaco”, “Reabilitação” e “Pós-operatório”, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa nos últimos 5 anos (2013 a 2018). Resultado: Foram encontrados num total de 69 artigos, e após aplicar os critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram no trabalho 8 artigos. Conclusão: Apesar da baixa quantidade de artigos publicados todos constataram uma melhora do quadro clínico dos pacientes submetidos a programas e reabilitação, assim como na qualidade de vida desses pacientes.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Go-Food Di Kota PematangSiantar (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Simalungun Pematangsiantar)
Authors: Sinaga Jenni  Ertina , Simatupang Pandapotan
Published: October 2020

Setelah dilakukan tinjauan pustaka maupun lapangan dan penyusunan hipotesa, data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan  melalui penyebaran kuisioner kepada 30 orang yang pernah menggunakan aplikasi Go-food  sebagai sampel penelitian. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif yaitu uji validitas dan reabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda , uji t, uji f serta koefisien determinasi. Berdasarkan analisis data, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator-indikator pada penelitian ini bersifat valid dan reliabel.Pada uji asumsi klasik data berdistribusi normal, tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas dan multikolinieritas. Pada uji hipotesis tangible, reability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy  berpengaruh  positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen
Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian terhadap Pengembangan Karir di Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Pematangsiantar
Authors: Sijabat Marlina , Purba Elidawaty
Published: October 2020

Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia adalah suatu bidang studi manajemen yang mempelajari hubungan dan pernana manusia dalam suatu organisasi perusahaan. Unsur manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia adalah manusia yang merupakan tenaga kerja pada perusahaan/Instansi. Dengan demikian fokus yang dipelajari Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia ini masalah yang berhubungan dengan tenaga kerja manusia.Keberhasilan manajemen sumber daya manusia didukung dengan perkembangan teknologi yang menciptakan sebuah sistem, dimana sistem tersebut dirancang untuk menghasilkan informasi sumber daya manusia dengan mudah yang dapat dipergunakan untuk pengembangan karir pegawai yang disebut sebagai sistem informasi manajemen kepegawaian (SIMPEG).

Sistem informasi manajemen kepegawaian (SIMPEG) meliputi kegiatan pengumpulan data kepegawaian, pengolahan data kepegawaian, penyimpanan data kepegawaian dan pelaporan data kepegawaian. Dengan penerapan sistem informasi manajemen kepegawaian diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi yang cepat dan akurat bagi pegawai dalam mengembangkan karirnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Pematangsiantar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah descriptive, validitas, reliability, determination. Berdasarkan penelitian menurut Sugiyono (2019) kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada karyawan sebanyak 30 responden. Para karyawan tersebut diminta mengungkapkan pendapatnya atas penerapan sistem informasi manajemen kepegawaian (SIMPEG) dan pengembangan karir pegawai.Berdasarkan hasil uji empiris memperlihatkan bahwadiperoleh besarnya Koefisien Determinasi (Kd) sebesar 33,8%, yang artinya penerapan SIMPEG mempengaruhi pengembagan karir sebesar 33,8%. Sedangkan sisanya 66,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor variabel lain yang tidak  diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Water quality changes in rural regions in Czechia
Authors: Langhammer Jakub , Kliment Zdeněk
Published: October 2020

The article presents the analysis of water quality state and changes in three catchments in agricultural landscape (Blšanka, Loučka and Olšava) facing long-term problems with surface water quality and at the same time lacking sufficient information on water quality changes. These catchments are situated in different geographical areas and manifest different physical-geographical characteristics and intensity and character of anthropogenous use. In model catchments, conditions of substance removal, including spatial distribution of erosional risk, were analysed, transport of floated material observed and surface water quality analysed from the longterm perspective and from the viewpoint of spatial distribution of specific substance removal.
Immigrant second generation in Prague: the case of preschool children
Authors: Janská Eva
Published: October 2020

This contribution deals with the new phenomenom of preschool immigrant children in Czechia after 1990. It focuses on social, economic, cultural and ethnic characteristics of children's parents and on childern's language knowledge and adaptation in the kindergarten. There are also discussed factors influencing integration of immigrant families into the majority society as well as their willingness to stay in Czechia permanently. Our results bring about new insights into immigrants' lives and their co-existence with the majority society.
Design of photonic crystal horn antenna for transverse electric modes
Authors: Beiranvand Ehsan , Danaie Mohammad , _Afsahi Majid
Published: October 2020

In this paper, by modifying defects in a photonic crystal lattice, a two-dimensional photonic crystal horn antenna is designed. The photonic crystal used for this purpose is composed of a hexagonal lattice of circular holes in a dielectric slab. The results of this paper allow us to design a photonic crystal antenna capable of separating TE and TM modes. The designed structure has a very simple design that allows low cost fabrication. The structure is numerically simulated using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Its wide bandwidth, its low loss and the ability to transmit waves at a terahertz frequency range are the antenna’s main advantages. The return loss for the frequency range of 180 to 215 THz is from –6.63 to –28.3 dB. Moreover, a 35 THz bandwidth is obtained for this structure.
Az ellenszolgáltatás speciális esetei
Authors: Kozák-Demendi Ágnes
Published: October 2020

A jelen cikk célja annak bemutatása, hogy a közbeszerzési szerződés negyedik fogalmi elemeként megjelenő visszterhesség tekintetében, az ellenszolgáltatás fogalma nem szűkíthető le kizárólag a pénzbeli ellenszolgáltatásokra. Olyan uniós jogesetek kerülnek bemutatásra, amelyekben az ellenszolgáltatás egy jövőbeli építményre vonatkozó bérleti díjként, illetve köztehernek minősülő hozzájárulásról történő lemondásként jelenik meg.
Közbeszerzési jogi témájú alkotmánybírósági határozatok
Authors: Katona Margit
Published: October 2020

A jelen cikk célja az elmúlt években megszületett közbeszerzési jogi témájú alkotmánybírósági határozatok bemutatása. A cikkben ismertetésre kerülnek az egyes alkotmánybírósági határozatok előzményét képező közbeszerzési döntőbizottsági határozatoknak az alkotmányossági vizsgálat tekintetében releváns megállapításai, továbbá az Alkotmánybíróság döntéseinek rövid összefoglalására kerül sor. Tekintettel a közbeszerzési jogszabályi rendelkezéseket érintő alkotmánybírósági határozatok számára, ez a téma várhatóan egy cikksorozat keretében kerül feldolgozásra.
Job Stress and Inscecurity Among the Employees in Food Delivery Services
Authors: Katrodia Ankit
Published: October 2020

The growth of technology and change of lifestyle has led to the enormous growth of the food delivery services in the recent times. Food ordering through online is the way of ordering customers preferred food by using website of the restaurant or food delivery apps[14] One out of every four customer makes use of a food ordering app in their mobile which was revealed in recent study. Online food delivery created a new wave in the Indian food industry. Ordering food through online has created a strong reflection in people’s mind and multiple factors are attracted which includes purchase power of the people, awareness about upcoming trends, various payment options, widespread of internet access and offers and discount provided by the companies. The Delivery employees at startups such as Swiggy, Zomato and uber are earning good income by doing delivery of goods. In spite of salary the employees working in this sector are facing lot of problems and it leads to job stress. The job stress and insecurity of employees working in food delivery service has been considered for the study. Convenience sampling method has been used to collect data from 150 employees. The result reveals that working hours is the important factor which leads to stress.
Review Of Some Classifications Of Words Denoting Nationally Specific Realities
Authors:   Phd Student, Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Umarova Mohira
Published: October 2020

The object of our research is the national specific realities encountered in literary and artistic works. This article defines the term “reality” as the functionality of words in this particular category as components necessary to convey the national identity of texts in different languages. The article discusses different approaches aimed at defining the concept of reality in translation studies and related linguistics. The definition of the concept given in various dictionaries is given then a comparative analysis of the interpretation of the term in the works of linguists is carried out. Linguists started talking about realities as carriers of national originality in the early 50s XX century. From the very beginning, there were significant differences among scientists on the definition of the concept of reality they were designated as “barbarism”, “exoticism”, “exotic vocabulary”, “non-equivalent vocabulary”, etc. In the annotated study, the classifications of realities proposed by G.D. Tomakhin, E.M. Vereshchagin and V.G. Kostomarov, L.S. Barkhudarov, V.S. Vinogradov, S Vlakhov and S. Florin. The most advanced authors consider the classification of truths given by the Bulgarian scholars S. Vlakhov and S. Florin. According to the authors of the article, this classification allows you to highlight and identify a large number of truths in the translated language.
NGC 6822 as a Probe of Dwarf Galactic Evolution*
Authors: Belland Brent , Kirby Evan , Boylan-Kolchin Michael , Wheeler Coral
Published: October 2020

NGC 6822 is the closest isolated dwarf irregular galaxy to the Milky Way. Its proximity and stellar mass (

, large for a dwarf galaxy) allow for a detailed study of its kinematic properties. The red giant branch (RGB) stars at the galaxy’s center are particularly interesting because they are aligned on an axis perpendicular to the galaxy’s more extended H i disk. We detected a velocity gradient among the RGB population using spectra from Keck/Deep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph (DEIMOS). This rotation is aligned with the H i disk, but the sense of rotation is about the major axis of the central RGB population. We measured the rotation velocity (v) and velocity dispersion (σ) of the RGB population in five metallicity bins. We found an increase of rotation support (v/σ) with increasing metallicity, driven primarily by decreasing dispersion. We also deduced an increasing radial distance for lower metallicity stars at −0.5 kpc dex−1 by relating the observed stellar kinematics to position via NGC 6822's H i velocity curve. While the inverted metallicity gradient-like distribution could be interpreted as evidence for an outside-in formation scenario, it may instead indicate that stellar feedback disturbed a centrally star-forming galaxy over time.
Turbulence and Energetic Particles in Radiative Shock Waves in the Cygnus Loop. II. Development of Postshock Turbulence
Authors: Raymond John C. , Slavin Jonathan D. , Blair William P. , Chilingarian Igor V. , Burkhart Blakesley , Sankrit Ravi
Published: October 2020

Radiative shock waves in the Cygnus Loop and other supernova remnants show different morphologies in [O iii] and Hα emission. We use HST spectra and narrowband images to study the development of turbulence in the cooling region behind a shock on the west limb of the Cygnus Loop. We refine our earlier estimates of shock parameters that were based upon ground-based spectra, including ram pressure, vorticity, and magnetic field strength. We apply several techniques, including Fourier power spectra and the Rolling Hough Transform, to quantify the shape of the rippled shock front as viewed in different emission lines. We assess the relative importance of thermal instabilities, the thin shell instability, upstream density variations, and upstream magnetic field variations in producing the observed structure.
Parasitism of Placobdelloides siamensis (Oka, 1917) (Glossiphoniidae: Hirudinea) in Snail-eating Turtles, Malayemys spp., and the effects of host and aquatic environmental factors
Authors: Trivalairat Poramad , Chiangkul Krittiya , Purivirojkul Watchariya
Published: October 2020

The Siam Shield Leech,Placobdelloides siamensis, is a common leech found on Malayemys turtles in Thailand. Sixty Snail-eating Turtles (29Malayemys macrocephalaand 31M. subtrijuga) were caught over twelve months (February 2017 – January 2018) to determine host characteristics (body size, weight and sex), parasitism (prevalence, intensity and density) and seasonal aquatic environmental factors (conductivity, nitrate nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and total dissolved solids). There was no significant difference of infection rate between species and sex in both turtle species. Leech prevalence indicated that all turtle individuals were infected throughout year, while the infection rate was significantly higher in larger and heavier turtles mainly on the carapace with an average number of leech approximately 474.80 ± 331.38 individuals for individual host infection and 76.53 ± 20.27 individuals for infection per 100 g body weight. The high level of leech parasitism also caused a rot wound and shell hole which caused the host to die. Aquatic environmental factors did not influence the infection of leeches in both turtle species. Therefore, the factors that influenced the infection rate ofP. siamensiswere based on only host body size and weight without effect from season. In addition, this study also showed two new hosts, includingCyclemys oldhamiiandHeosemys grandisand the widespread distribution from northern, north-eastern, western, central and southern Thailand were reported.
Digital Story-Based Education: An Innovative Way to Learn Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Park Myonghwa , Jeong Miri
Published: October 2020

Applying evidence-based practice (EBP) to diverse clinical situations is challenging due to the complex process of EBP. Digital story-based education helps learners to understand the complex process more easily by providing contextual information. This article shares the process of development of digital story-based education to teach the steps of EBP and its implementation. A diversity of stories in real clinical situations can be used as effective learning content and to make the learning process of EBP enjoyable.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(11):501–503.]
Gamification in Nursing Education: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Malicki Angela , Vergara Franz Henryk , Van de Castle Barbara , Goyeneche Paola , Mann Stefanie , Preston Scott Margo , Seiler Julie , Meneses Marjone Zapanta , Whalen Madeleine
Published: October 2020

The objective of this literature review and evaluation project was to determine what evidence exists on the use of interactive digital learning and gamification for adult learners in nursing, for the purpose of guiding a redesign of our organization's online clinical education courses. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was used in the literature search, with the critical analysis and leveling of evidence. After determining the search terms, four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, and Cochrane) were searched with the guidance of a medical librarian. Eight reviewers participated, and an evidence-based practice specialist served as auditor. Twenty-three articles were included in the review, which revealed overall support for the gamification process with specific findings about optimizing the process. The review further suggested that interactive digital learning in the form of games, gamification, or scenario-based learning has a positive effect on learner engagement and satisfaction; however, none of the studies were able to quantify objective data about knowledge retention. Further research is needed to test different modalities that improve both learner engagement and knowledge retention.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(11):509–515.]
A Tristate Education Model to Prepare Nurses to Serve on Health-Promoting Boards
Authors: Scott Patricia N. , Lefler Leanne L. , Jeffs Debra , Davis Ashley , Lear Tina , Haushalter Alisa
Published: October 2020

Background:

The tristate Nurses on Boards Coalition (NOBC) education program prepares nurses to serve on boards that promote a culture of health, such as housing and transportation authorities, school wellness teams, mental health nonprofits, and planning commissions.

Method:

Three state nursing organizations developed an evidence-informed, innovative, interactive NOBC education model through a review of board service, leadership, and continuing education literature; key informant interviews with national NOBC experts; and evaluation data from previous NOBC education held in our individual states.

Results:

Attendees in the 2018 and 2019 tristate education programs reported increased knowledge regarding the social determinants of health and how they can influence population health by serving on health-promoting boards.

Conclusion:

The tristate NOBC education is a successful model in preparing nurses to serve on boards that promote a culture of health.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(11):528–532.]
Surgical Outcomes of Epiretinal Membrane Removal Due to Combined Hamartoma of the Retina and RPE
Authors: Sun Lucy S. , Raouf Sherief , Rhee David , Ferrone Philip J.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the surgical outcomes of epiretinal membrane (ERM) associated with combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE) after vitrectomy and membrane peel.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A retrospective review of 15 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling. No plasmin enzyme was used.

RESULTS:

The mean age at surgery was 10 years old, with an average follow-up of 5.7 years. The average preoperative visual acuity (VA) was 20/514. The average postoperative VA was 20/138 (
P
= .0251) at 1-year follow-up and 20/89 (
P
= .0025) on the latest exam on final follow-up. VA was improved in 14 patients (93%) and deteriorated in one patient (7%). All 15 patients (100%) had improvement of retinal/macular anatomy postoperatively.

CONCLUSION:

In the treatment of patients with ERM due to CHRRPE, vitrectomy with membrane peeling without plasmin injection can result in improved VA and retinal structure.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2020;51:546–554.]
Escritura animal para una ética posthumana (salvaje y feminista)
Authors: Balza Isabel
Published: October 2020

En este artículo quiero defender el necesario papel que juega el reconocimiento de la subjetividad animal humana en la articulación de una ética posthumana. Para ello planteo que lo que he llamado “escritura animal” es un modo de la escritura que persigue expresar esa animalidad humana. Analizar. los rasgos de lo que es la escritura animal, proponiendo la razón poética de Zambrano como un método adecuado para articularla. Como ejemplo de escritura animal, examinar. las narrativas de lo salvaje feminista. Por último, recorrer esos textos me permitir. destacar algunos principios propios de lo que considero debe ser una ética posthumana.
Antoni Domènech: sobre republicanismo, libertad individual y derechos
Authors: Fitzgibbon Cella Paul
Published: October 2020

Antoni Domènech (1952-2017) fue uno de los filósofos políticos más importantes de España de finales del siglo XX y principios del XXI. Conocido principalmente como estudioso del republicanismo, su trabajo sobre los conceptos de libertad y derechos individuales pone en cuestión las definiciones liberales estándar, que él creyó erradas al definir estos términos independientemente de su contexto institucional, como atributos pre-políticos del individuo. Sostuvo que el republicanismo corrige estas abstracciones liberales al hacer que la capacidad de ejercer realmente la libertad y los derechos dependa de que uno disfrute de unas condiciones materiales lo suficientemente sólidas, o de que tenga suficiente propiedad para poder evitar toda relación social desigual.
El pensamiento político de Suárez en el De opere sex dierum y sus nexos con Filmer y Locke
Authors: Prieto López Leopoldo José
Published: October 2020

El artículo presenta el pensamiento político del De opere sex dierum de Suárez, una obra de la que todavía no se dispone de traducción española. El artículo se divide en dos partes. La primera expone y analiza el pensamiento político de esta obra, llegando a la conclusión de que su idea central es la distinción entre poder económico y político, realizada para salvaguardar, frente a la teoría del derecho divino de los reyes, la libertad e igualdad de todos los hombres y el carácter contractual del Estado. La segunda investiga los nexos de esta obra con El Patriarca de Filmer, así como la inspiración suareciana de las ideas de libertad e igualdad contenidas en el segundo Tratado del Gobierno de Locke.
El lenguaje de la paz. Aportes para repensar los derechos humanos a partir de su potencial ético y relacional
Authors: Viola Federico , Bonet de Viola Ana Maria
Published: October 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio consiste postular un enfoque ético de los derechos humanos como derechos del otro, asumiendo dicho enfoque como punto de partida para la gestación de un pluralismo jurídico que contribuya a la consecución de una paz efectiva y auténtica. Para ello, se parte de la premisa de que el derecho debe ser capaz de afrontar las graves y todavía pendientes problemáticas sociales y ambientales que subyacen a las violaciones de los derechos humanos, sobre todo de los de contenido ecológico. A manera de conclusión se pone en evidencia la necesidad de un cambio radical del paradigma, para lo cual se propone una perspectiva de la ética como praxis lingüística en tanto dicha praxis posee el potencial para inspirar la reformulación de los derechos humanos, en vistas a revertir la dinámica de la violencia impuesta por la lógica identitaria que fundamenta el sistema jurídico vigente.
Interorganelle Tethering to Endocytic Organelles Determines Directional Cytokine Transport in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Zhou Yan , Zhao Renping , Schwarz Eva C. , Akbar Rahmad , Kaba Mayis , Pattu Varsha , Helms Volkhard , Rieger Heiko , Nunes-Hasler Paula , Qu Bin
Published: October 2020

Delivery of vesicles to their desired destinations plays a central role in maintaining proper cell functionality. In certain scenarios, depending on loaded cargos, the vesicles have spatially distinct destinations. For example, in T cells, some cytokines (e.g., IL-2) are polarized to the T cell–target cell interface, whereas the other cytokines are delivered multidirectionally (e.g., TNF-α). In this study, we show that in primary human CD4+ T cells, both TNF-α+ and IL-2+ vesicles can tether with endocytic organelles (lysosomes/late endosomes) by forming membrane contact sites. Tethered cytokine-containing vesicle (CytV)–endocytic organelle pairs are released sequentially. Only endocytic organelle-tethered CytVs are preferentially transported to their desired destination. Mathematical models suggest that endocytic organelle tethering could regulate the direction of cytokine transport by selectively attaching different microtubule motor proteins (such as kinesin and dynein) to the corresponding CytVs. These findings establish the previously unknown interorganelle tethering to endocytic organelles as a universal solution for directional cytokine transport in CD4+ T cells. Modulating tethering to endocytic organelles can, therefore, coordinately control directionally distinct cytokine transport.