bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Haematological and Biochemical Reference Values for Healthy Population of Maferinyah Rural Community in Guinea
Authors: Béavogui Abdoul Habib , Touré Almamy Amara , Camara Daouda , Doumbouya Abdoulaye , Sylla Malick Minkael , Touré Sékou , Togo Ahmadou Hamidou , Diallo Mamadou Saliou , Delamou Alexandre , Sagara Issaka , Dicko Alassane , Djimdé Abdoulaye
Published: August 2020

Guinea’s reference ranges for biological parameters rely on those of Caucasian values. Variability in reference ranges according to the context is well‐documented. We conducted this study for the purpose of future malaria clinical trials that assess the efficacy and safety of malaria drugs. A repeated cross‐sectional study was carried out, in an apparently healthy cohort population. Surveys took place in Maferinyah rural community, which is located at 75 km from the capital. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were determined nonparametrically and stood for reference intervals. Reference values were determined separately for males and females according to ranges of age (6‐10 years of age; 11‐15 years of age; 16‐45 years of age). Differences between genders were tested using the Mann‐Whitney test, while the Friedman test was performed to test differences within each gender group according to the seasons. A total of 450 volunteers were enrolled. The median age was 13. Males 16‐45 years of age had significantly higher hematologic and biochemical values compared to a female of the same age (for hematological parameters: Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration MCHC p ≤ 0.001, Platelets p ≤ 0.001, monocytes p = 0.0305, eosinophils p = 0.0225; for biochemical parameters: Aspartate aminotransferase AST p ≤ 0.001, Alanine Aminotransferase ALT p ≤ 0.001, creatinine p ≤ 0.001). We noticed significant seasonal variations for all the biochemical parameters and some hematologic parameters (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin MCH, MCHC, Mean Cell volume). This is the first study establishing hematologic and biochemical parameters in Guinea. These findings provide a useful guide for the clinical researchers and care providers. Studies on large scale and in different settings would be also desirable.
Experimental Investigation of Water–Sand Mixed Fluid Initiation and Migration in Porous Skeleton during Water and Sand Inrush
Authors: Yang Xin , Liu Yong J. , Xue Ming , Yang Tian H. , Yang Bin
Published: August 2020

Water–sand inrush is one of the most serious disasters for mining in China. The evaluation of the occurrence and development of a high-concentration water and sand mixed fluid is an important issue for mining in China. In this study, contraposing to the 3 phases of water–sand inrush, three kinds of experiments are designed for the investigation of initiation, development, and occurrence of the disaster. A new sand–water transport testing system is setup to perform the tests. The results show that there are two key points in the disaster: (1) sand particle incipient motion and (2) porous skeleton structural instability. The incipient motion of sand grains is accompanied with the phenomena of volumetric dilatation and granular fluidization. The critical velocity of the incipient motion of the water–sand mixed fluid is significantly affected by the particle size and external stress. The interaction between water and sand grains is the key factor affecting the motion characteristics of water–sand mixture. When the hydraulic conditions exceed the threshold, the water and sand grains are mutually promoted, and the aquifer skeleton becomes unstable. Furthermore, during the water–sand inrush, the curves of volumetric flow rates of sand and water, respectively, for different samples manifest as two distinct waveforms.
Conservative Treatment of Interstitial Ectopic Pregnancy with the Combination of Mifepristone and Methotrexate: Our Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Stabile Guglielmo , Romano Federico , Buonomo Francesca , Zinicola Giulia , Ricci Giuseppe
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Interstitial pregnancy (IP) is an ectopic pregnancy (EP) located in the portion of the fallopian tube that penetrates the uterine muscular layer. Incidence increased in the last two decades with the widespread use of the assisted reproductive techniques. It is estimated in 1‐6% of all the EPs, with a maternal mortality rate of 2.0‐2.5%. Clinical presentation, gestational age at diagnosis, beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) levels, ultrasound features, and patient preference, should be considered to determine the best management: surgical, medical treatment, or close observation. We report two cases of IP successfully managed with systemic MTX and Mifepristone: in one case β‐hCG was >10.000 mIU/mL and a vital embryo was present. Materials and Methods. A literature search was carried out on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED. We identified two cases of IP referred to the Institute for Maternal and Child Burlo Garofolo, Trieste. Data related to clinical presentation, β‐hCG, and ultrasound scan at the moment of the diagnosis were recorded. In one of the cases, the β‐hCG level was >10.000 mIU/mL, and a vital embryo was testified at an ultrasound scan. The patient was asymptomatic and she was treated using multidose systemic Methotrexate (MTX) combined with Mifepristone. In the second case, in the presence of a clinically stable patient with β − hCG > 10.000 mIU/mL, it was chosen that the administration of Mifepristone combined with a double dose of MTX. β‐hCG levels and ultrasound examinations were performed weekly until a complete resolution of the IP. Results. In the first case, β‐hCG dropped down in 5 days and became undetachable in 30 days. In the second case, β‐hCG became undetectable in 47 days. The first‐line therapy in asymptomatic women could be addressed to a combined protocol, consisting of a systemic multidose MTX regimen with a single oral dose of Mifepristone. Conclusions. Clinical management of IP remains a debated topic. In selected cases, a systemic multidose MTX regimen combined with a single oral dose of Mifepristone could be considered also in the presence of high serum β‐hCG.
How to Evaluate the Productivity of Software Ecosystem: A Case Study in GitHub
Authors: Liao Zhifang , Qi Xiaofei , Zhang Yan , Fan Xiaoping , Zhou Yun
Published: August 2020

With the development of open source community, the software ecosystem has become a popular perspective in the research on software development process and environment. Software productivity is an important evaluation indicator of the software ecosystem health. A successful software ecosystem relies on long-term and stable production activities by the users, which ensures that the software ecosystem can continuously provide the value needed by users. Therefore, the measurement of software ecosystem productivity can help maintain the user development efficiency and the stability of the software ecosystem. However, there is still little literature on the productivity of open source software ecosystems. By analogy with the natural ecosystem, this paper gives the relevant definitions of software ecosystem productivity and analyzes the factors affecting the productivity of software ecosystem. Based on the factors of the ecosystem productivity and their interrelationships, this paper establishes a software ecosystem productivity model and takes the GitHub platform as an example for detailed analysis and explanation. The results show that the model can better explain the factors affecting the productivity of software ecosystems. It is helpful for the research on the measurement of the software ecosystem health and the software development efficiency.
Mortality and Hospitalizations in Mexican Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from a Nationwide Health Registry
Authors: Sarmiento-Aguilar Andrea , Ríos-Blancas María J. , Yamamoto-Furusho Jesús K.
Published: August 2020

Background. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is increasing worldwide; nevertheless, it is still unknown if this is the case in Mexico. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the distribution and trends of hospital discharges (HD) (for the period between 2004 and 2015) and deaths (for the period between 2004 and 2013) reported for UC and CD in Mexico. Methods. Quantitative cross-sectional study was performed. Secondary data sources analysis was performed through Dynamic Cubes of the General Direction of Health Information; variables were categorized by diagnosis, age, sex, and state. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences between the first and last years that were studied. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v.24. Results. The number of HD increased by 98.9% between 2004 and 2015 (IBD: p=0.033, CD: p=0.009, UC: p=0.051); it was more frequent, for both sexes and diagnoses, between 15 and 44 years, with a second peak for men with UC (between 45 and 64 years). Deaths increased by 96.2% from 2004 to 2011 (IBD: p=0.056, CD: p=0.064, UC: p=0.04). UC is three times more frequent than CD. Mexico City has the highest number of HD (4,179; 22.7%) while the state of Veracruz has the highest number of deaths (273; 38.2%). Conclusions. HD for IBD in Mexico is increasing significantly; the number of deaths increased until 2011, but from then on, they are apparently decreasing. IBD affects Mexican people without any gender predominance, often affecting patients between 15 and 44 years of age. UC is three times more frequent than CD.
A Simplified Prosthetic Implant Loading Protocol: 1-Year Clinical Follow-Up Study
Authors: Andreatta Lorenzo , Bjursten Brailsford Malin , Zwaan Jakob
Published: August 2020

Purpose. To retrospectively investigate the one-year clinical outcome following a standardized treatment protocol for immediate loading. The protocol mandates predefined requirements for implant stability. If fulfilled, immediate loading of the implants is performed with a simplified prosthetic protocol which includes one-time impression at the time of surgery and definitive restoration within eight weeks. Methods. Twenty-five patients were treated with 48 Neoss ProActive Tapered implants. Minimum primary stability was established before subjecting the implants to immediate nonfunctional load. Definitive prostheses were delivered six to eight weeks from implant placement. Insertion torque (IT), resonance frequency analysis (RFA), intraoral radiographs, and impressions of implant positions were registered at implant placement. During clinical follow-up, RFA was measured at two, four, and six to eight weeks and six months from implant placement to monitor continued implant stability. Marginal bone level measurements were performed at implant placement, six-month, and one-year follow-up visits. Results. IT was over 40 N·cm for 46 implants. Two implants with IT <30 N·cm were both splinted to another implant with IT >50 N·cm, tightening the retention screw with low forces. No implants were lost during the observation period. Mean RFA measurements remained stable without any decrease during the initial six-month healing phase. Mean marginal bone remodeling was −0.47 ± 0.38 mm from implant placement to 1 year. No significant difference was found for marginal bone remodeling between implants placed in the healed bone or fresh extraction sockets. Conclusion. Within the limits of this study, it is concluded that using a simplified immediate loading protocol can be predictably applied to reduce the overall treatment time and the number of clinical sessions.
Reducing the Energy Budget in WSN Using Time Series Models
Authors: Engmann Felicia , Katsriku Ferdinand Apietu , Abdulai Jamal-Deen , Adu-Manu Kofi Sarpong
Published: August 2020

Energy conservation is critical in the design of wireless sensor networks since it determines its lifetime. Reducing the frequency of transmission is one way of reducing the cost, but it must not tamper with the reliability of the data received at the sink. In this paper, duty cycling and data-driven approaches have been used together to influence the prediction approach used in reducing data transmission. While duty cycling ensures nodes that are inactive for longer periods to save energy, the data-driven approach ensures features of the data that are used in predicting the data that the network needs during such inactive periods. Using the grey series model, a modified rolling GM(1,1) is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of the model. Simulations suggest a 150% energy savings while not compromising on the reliability of the data received.
The Risk of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Low-Dose Aspirin Users with Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yashuo , Wang Wei , Wang Bin , Wang Yunyang
Published: August 2020

Background. Our aim was to assess the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage associated with diabetes among patients taking low-dose aspirin (≤325 mg/day). Methods. A systematic search was conducted for publication in English and Chinese using term equivalents for “GI hemorrhage”, “aspirin”, and “diabetes mellitus” up till April 2020. Electronic databases include PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. Two independent authors searched databases and reviewed abstracts for comprehensive studies keeping adequate study quality. Data of weighted odds ratios were statistically evaluated and potential bias was checked. Results. Among 446 publications, eight case-control researches, including 1601 patients, were deemed for this meta-analysis. Patients with diabetes were associated with a higher risk of GI hemorrhage than patients without diabetes: the summary ORs were 3.10 (95% CI, 2.35–4.09). The heterogeneity of the reports was not significant (Chi2=3.39, P=0.85; I2=0%). Conclusion. The meta-analysis showed that aspirin users with diabetes were more likely to have GI hemorrhage. Hence, when treating diabetics with aspirin, the increased risk of GI bleeding should be taken in consideration.
BRCA1 Mutations in Cancer: Coordinating Deficiencies in Homologous Recombination with Tumorigenesis
Authors: Krais John J. , Johnson Neil
Published: August 2020

Cancers that arise from BRCA1 germline mutations are deficient for homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair and are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents such as platinum and PARP inhibitors. In vertebrate organisms, knockout of critical HR genes including BRCA1 and BRCA2 is lethal because HR is required for genome replication. Thus, cancers must develop strategies to cope with loss of HR activity. Furthermore, as established tumors respond to chemotherapy selection pressure, additional genetic adaptations transition cancers to an HR-proficient state. In this review, we discuss biological mechanisms that influence the ability of BRCA1-mutant cancers to perform HR. Furthermore, we consider how the HR status fluctuates throughout the cancer life course, from tumor initiation to the development of therapy refractory disease.
The Discovery of SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Activity as a Novel and Targetable Dependency in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Rago Florencia , Elliott GiNell , Li Ailing , Sprouffske Kathleen , Kerr Grainne , Desplat Aurore , Abramowski Dorothee , Chen Julie T. , Farsidjani Ali , Xiang Kay X. , Bushold Geoffrey , Feng Yun , Shirley Matthew D. , Bric Anka , Vattay Anthony , Möbitz Henrik , Nakajima Katsumasa , Adair Christopher D. , Mathieu Simon , Ntaganda Rukundo , Smith Troy , Papillon Julien P.N. , Kauffmann Audrey , Ruddy David A. , Bhang Hyo-eun C. , Castelletti Deborah , Jagani Zainab
Published: August 2020

Uveal melanoma is a rare and aggressive cancer that originates in the eye. Currently, there are no approved targeted therapies and very few effective treatments for this cancer. Although activating mutations in the G protein alpha subunits, GNAQ and GNA11, are key genetic drivers of the disease, few additional drug targets have been identified. Recently, studies have identified context-specific roles for the mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes (also known as BAF/PBAF) in various cancer lineages. Here, we find evidence that the SWI/SNF complex is essential through analysis of functional genomics screens and further validation in a panel of uveal melanoma cell lines using both genetic tools and small-molecule inhibitors of SWI/SNF. In addition, we describe a functional relationship between the SWI/SNF complex and the melanocyte lineage–specific transcription factor Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor, suggesting that these two factors cooperate to drive a transcriptional program essential for uveal melanoma cell survival. These studies highlight a critical role for SWI/SNF in uveal melanoma, and demonstrate a novel path toward the treatment of this cancer.
Amivantamab (JNJ-61186372), an Fc Enhanced EGFR/cMet Bispecific Antibody, Induces Receptor Downmodulation and Antitumor Activity by Monocyte/Macrophage Trogocytosis
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Smruthi , Lipfert Lorraine , Chevalier Kristen , Bushey Barbara S. , Henley Benjamin , Lenhart Ryan , Sendecki Jocelyn , Beqiri Marilda , Millar Hillary J. , Packman Kathryn , Lorenzi Matthew V. , Laquerre Sylvie , Moores Sheri L.
Published: August 2020

Small molecule inhibitors targeting mutant EGFR are standard of care in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but acquired resistance invariably develops through mutations in EGFR or through activation of compensatory pathways such as cMet. Amivantamab (JNJ-61186372) is an anti-EGFR and anti-cMet bispecific low fucose antibody with enhanced Fc function designed to treat tumors driven by activated EGFR and/or cMet signaling. Potent in vivo antitumor efficacy is observed upon amivantamab treatment of human tumor xenograft models driven by mutant activated EGFR, and this activity is associated with receptor downregulation. Despite these robust antitumor responses in vivo, limited antiproliferative effects and EGFR/cMet receptor downregulation by amivantamab were observed in vitro. Interestingly, in vitro addition of isolated human immune cells notably enhanced amivantamab-mediated EGFR and cMet downregulation, leading to antibody dose-dependent cancer cell killing. Through a comprehensive assessment of the Fc-mediated effector functions, we demonstrate that monocytes and/or macrophages, through trogocytosis, are necessary and sufficient for Fc interaction-mediated EGFR/cMet downmodulation and are required for in vivo antitumor efficacy. Collectively, our findings represent a novel Fc-dependent macrophage-mediated antitumor mechanism of amivantamab and highlight trogocytosis as an important mechanism of action to exploit in designing new antibody-based cancer therapies.
Adaptive Interference Mitigation with User Grouping for Fast Transmission in Cellular Networks
Authors: Ab. Ghani Hadhrami , Abd Aziz Azlan , Azizan Azizul , Mohd Daud Salwani
Published: August 2020

Designing uplink systems which group users with adaptive interference mitigation techniques is the objective of this research. Reduction in error rates and improvement in the energy efficiency is expected with this approach in addition to spectral efficiency. This paper reports a study on interference mitigation and transmission designs for groups of users in the uplinks. New formulations for the interference mitigation are produced based on the minimum mean square error and successive interference cancellation approach. By reducing the interference, the energy efficiency can be maintained and improved although the number of users per group increases. The measured error rates of this approach with user grouping achieve gains between 1 to 3 dB against that of the existing approach. With reduced complexity, the proposed scheme should be viable for practical deployment.
Os Carbonatitos Cretácicos da Plataforma Brasileira e suas Principais Características
Authors: Berbert Carlos Oití ,   Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais – Serviço Geológico do Brasil, Ruberti Excelso ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Geociências, Bettencourt Jorge Silva ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Geociências, Chmyz Luanna ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Geociências, Rosa Pedro Augusto da Silva ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Centro de Pesquisa “Professor Manoel Teixeira da Costa”, Comin-Chiaramonti Piero ,   Universidade de Trieste. Departamento de Matemática e Geociências, Azzone Rogério Guitarrari ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Geociências, Aps Vladimir ,   Aps Mineração Indústria e Comércio, Fernandez Victor Velázquez ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades
Published: August 2020

A obra tem como objetivo primordial oferecer uma visão abrangente dos aspectos gerais e diversos (mineralógicos, petrográficos, petrológicos, geoquímicos, geocronológicos e econômicos) dos carbonatitos cretácicos da região meridional da Plataforma Brasileira, associados geograficamente à bacia sedimentar do Paraná e, de modo subordinado, à bacia do Bauru. Para tanto, foram consultados não só artigos publicados na literatura nacional e estrangeira como também manuscritos acadêmicos inéditos, em geral de difícil acesso, ligados a cursos de pós-graduação, principalmente junto das universidades públicas de Brasília e São Paulo. A síntese retratada neste volume mostra, com fidelidade e minúcia, o estado atual do estudo dos carbonatitos existentes na vasta área analisada, e constitui leitura altamente recomendável não só para especialistas nos vários aspectos geológicos dessas rochas e litologias associadas, como também para interessados na petrologia ígnea como um todo.
Elementos de identidade em iniciativas de jornalismo independente
Authors: Patrício Edgard , Batista Raphaelle
Published: August 2020

Diante das transformações do capitalismo, o jornalismo também sofre alterações (CHARRON e BONVILLE, 2016). Uma dessas mudanças é o fortalecimento do jornalismo independente (REIS, 2017). Fonseca e Kuhn (2009) chamam a atenção para o impacto das mudanças na identidade jornalística. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os elementos de identidade jornalística presentes nas autonarrativas de grupos de produção de jornalismo independente em plataformas digitais. Com base na etnografia virtual (HINE, 2004) e na análise do discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), percorremos o texto que aparece nas abas ‘quem somos’ e ‘sobre’ de 11 (onze) grupos de jornalistas que se autodeclaram como independentes e disseminam suas produções em plataformas digitais. A análise tenta responder como as novas práticas profissionais reorientam os conceitos de jornalismo e jornalistas para esses grupos.
Jornalismo e humanização
Authors: Ijuim Jorge Kanehide
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho, de caráter ensaístico, traz à discussão a influência de heranças eurocentristas na formação do pensamento e no fazer jornalísticos. Como a imprensa trata o indígena e o negro? A partir deste questionamento, desenvolvo um debate a respeito de traços socioculturais incorporados pela população desde a colonização e, consequentemente, por profissionais do jornalismo. Ao percorrer a história da construção de uma identidade nacional, seleciono alguns fenômenos que incidem sobre o comportamento da imprensa: a dominação do índio e a escravidão africana. Por meio do diálogo com referências da antropologia, da sociologia e do jornalismo, esta reflexão me permitiu constatar uma postura que compromete os preceitos dos direitos humanos, que desumanizam o jornalismo.
Ciência, tecnologia, inovação, comunicação e ética nos tempos da Covid-19 na América Latina: entrevista com Efrain Pantaleón Matamoros e Felipe Chibás Ortiz
Authors: Torres Wânia , Fischer Rachel
Published: August 2020

Aborda-se através dos olhares de um cientista social e outro das ciências naturais, ambos cubanos, residentes no Brasil, temas complexos como são os da comunicação da ciência, a utilização da tecnologia e a inovação de forma ética no combate à pandemia da Covid-19 no contexto da América Latina. Analisam os métodos utilizados em Cuba, os aplicativos desenvolvidos por eles, o enfoque da Alfabetização Midiática e Informacional, assim como o futuro do combate às pandemias nas cidades nessa perspectiva.
O O Grupo Globo e as restrições à autonomia da rádio CBN
Authors: Maurício Patrícia , Soares Junior Creso
Published: August 2020

A Central Brasileira de Notícias (CBN), em seus primeiros dez anos de vida, saiu de uma relativa autonomia editorial para a tutela do Grupo Globo. A organização empresarial percebeu a influência que a emissora passou a ter na política e na economia do país e decidiu adequá-la à política empresarial do grupo. O lucro foi outro fator preponderante para as mudanças na emissora nesse período. Para este artigo foram feitas entrevistas com profissionais que trabalharam durante esses anos na emissora em cargos de comando. Além disso, foi utilizada bibliografia para o embasamento teórico, com destaque para César Bolaño e Valério Brittos.
Música, afeto e política dos corpos no New Queer Cinema de Karim Aïnouz
Authors: Maia Guilherme , Asevedo Everaldo
Published: August 2020

Utilizando o conceito de valor acrescentado, tal como proposto por Michel Chion, e estudos recentes sobre o uso de música nos filmes como mediadores teórico-metodológicos, este artigo analisa os projetos musicais de dois longas-metragens protagonizados por personagens gays dirigidos por Karim Aïnouz: Madame Satã (2002) e Praia do Futuro (2014). O processo analítico nos conduziu à conclusão de que nas duas obras a música, especialmente a canção popular, opera aderida aos encontros e desencontros amorosos dos protagonistas, e presta reverência aos ideais de representação de personagens homossexuais defendidos pelo New Queer Cinema.
Miriam Hansen e as contribuições da Escola de Frankfurt para a teoria do cinema
Authors: Daros Otávio
Published: August 2020

Historiadora do cinema, Miriam Hansen examinou e sistematizou as contribuições de Siegfried Kracauer, Walter Benjamin e Theodor Adorno para a teorização do cinema. Nesta pesquisa bibliográfica, buscamos sintetizar e apresentar aos leitores de língua portuguesa o desenvolvimento de sua investigação sobre o tema. Mostramos como Hansen foi capaz de identificar as principais diferenças entre os teóricos frankfurtianos, bem como evidenciar que eles, em comum, pensaram este fenômeno cultural contemporâneo em relação às condições sociais e econômicas de produção. Em suas reflexões, o cinema aparece como expressão da sociedade urbano-industrial, como um elemento sintomático da cultura de massa.
Narrativas audiovisuais e mitologia
Authors: Oliveira Arthur Carlos Franco , Camargo Hertz Wendel de
Published: August 2020

Considerando os estudos sobre consumo ritualístico no cinema e a presença de conteúdos míticos em narrativas contemporâneas, esse artigo busca aplicar a teoria da quaternidade mítica proposta por Canevacci em três animes através da metodologia de análise fílmica proposta por Vanoye e Goliot-Lété. Examinando representações arquetípicas em Sakura Card Captors, Code Geass e The Seven Deadly Sins, concluímos que tais elementos fundamentam a diegese dos animes através de uma estrutura que movimenta a narrativa ao perpetuar e ressignificar conteúdos presentes no inconsciente coletivo. Assim, a ritualização dos arquétipos apresentados por Canevacci lida com estruturas inconscientes não específicas apenas de uma cultura, mas consolidadas no indivíduo e constantemente reapresentadas com diferentes roupagens nas narrativas midiáticas.
Atributos químicos, físicos e mineralogia de Latossolos e sua relação com a paisagem no oeste do Paraná
Authors: Marcolin Luciane , Calegari Marcia Regina
Published: August 2020

Os solos fazem parte da paisagem e podem inferir sobre sua evolução. Em áreas de relevos mais estáveis é possível encontrar solos espessos e muito evoluídos pedogeneticamente, pois a natureza e a paisagem local permitiram tal evolução. Os solos guardam registros da sua evolução e através de seus atributos é possível inferir sobre seu atual estágio evolutivo. Com esse intuito foi realizado um estudo pedológico para investigar dois perfis de Latossolos em Marechal Cândido Rondon-Pr. A escolha desta classe de solos é justificada por ser a mais representativa da região e haver grande carência de estudos sobre a caracterização mineralógica e evolutiva desses solos na região oeste do Paraná. Foi estudado um perfil de alteração completo e um perfil de até dois metros de profundidade (seção de controle) visando obter uma primeira aproximação do nível de evolução da cobertura pedológica e os processos pedogenéticos atuantes. Neste trabalho foram realizadas análises químicas, físicas e mineralógicas, onde os resultados confirmam a natureza caulinítica dos Latossolos Vermelhos. A assembleia mineralógica é composta predominantemente por minerais 1:1 (Caulinita), mas também apresenta mineral 2:1 (Vermiculita com hidroxi-entrecamadas). Os resultados indicam que predominou o processo de monossialitização com hidrólise parcial ao longo da pedogênese, em concordância a paisagem local e ambiente de formação sob clima subtropical (muito intemperizado).
Criação do jogo para corais infantis
Authors: Kashima Rafael Keidi
Published: August 2020

Este artigo, oriundo de uma dissertação de mestrado, buscou propor uma sequência de etapas para o desenvolvimento do jogo didático nos ensaios de coros infantis para além do seu caráter recreativo, e sim como uma ferramenta interessante para o aprendizado do repertório musical. Por meio de estudos bibliográficos da literatura vigente relacionada aos jogos, regência coral e educação musical, considerou-se a organização destes conceitos para que a presença do jogo nos ensaios seja justificada e possa promover juntamente significado no aprendizado e avanço na qualidade da performance. Considerou-se que o regente é responsável pelos ensaios e cabe a ele, planejar propostas dinâmicas evitando o abuso do ensino mecanizado que muitas vezes tende a distanciar o interesse da criança do ensaio.
Som não é uma coisa em si, e sim o transporte de coisas que vazam
Authors: Caesar Rodolfo
Published: August 2020

Crítica à noção de ‘som', tal que, vernacularmente - mas sobretudo entre artistas e músicos do mundo ocidental - a construímos e entendemos. A experiência de escuta tem sido construída de maneira a quase podermos ver os ‘sons’, como se fossem objetos (nem sempre identificados) voando no espaço. Esse texto apresenta uma tentativa para devolver um pouco da integridade dessa experiência.
New Noises New Voices
Authors: Raponi Martina
Published: August 2020

As an artist interested in Noise, and a CODA (child of deaf adults), I will tackle the issue of noise and counterculture from the entry point of deafness and un-cultured voices. In ableist societies the voice is a cultural product, and certain voices, perceived as “other”, flawed, “noisy”, can open up discourses related to shared sonic spaces, disruption, and inclusivity. Soundscape is here described as a social and political environment, and the bodies immersed in it are considered according to the entire spectrum of their capacities, beyond listening, in rhythmanalytical terms. Soundscape, understood within the thresholds of audibility, expels and rejects communities which carry the stigma of “handicap”, such as Deaf communities. This theoretical exercise is accompanied by examples from contemporary art and technological-historical references, pointing at “acts of silencing” and “acts of noising”, while underlining the value of “deviant” bodies as resistant bodies. The paper ends with the testimony of a Deaf dancer who used my writings to produce her last two shows. I will refer to the audiological deaf using the lowercase, and capitalize the linguistic minority: Deaf. Despite being considered disabled, or deviant, Deaf bodies are the last example of countercultural agents in all-speaking and all-hearing ableist societies.
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease According to 2017 Blood Pressure Categories in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kim Yong Tae , Chung Hyung Joon , Park Bo Ram , Kim Yeon Yong , Lee Jun Hyeok , Kang Dae Ryong , Kim Jang-Young , Lee Mi Young , Lee Jun Young
Published: August 2020

The association between blood pressure (BP) defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus remains unclear. This study used the National Health Insurance Database of Korea that has health information of 8 922 940 persons who were screened from 2009 to 2014. We determined the BP status of 490 352 diabetes mellitus: level 1 (systolic <120 mm Hg and diastolic <80 mm Hg), level 2 (systolic 120–129 mm Hg and diastolic <80 mm Hg), level 3 (systolic 130–139 mm Hg or diastolic 80–89 mm Hg), and level 4 (systolic ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg). Over a mean follow-up of 5 years, 6508 CVD events (1.3%), 14 318 cases of chronic kidney disease development (2.9%), 9094 cerebrovascular events (2.0%), and 1150 CVD mortalities (0.2%) occurred. Compared with people with BP levels 1, the adjusted hazard ratios for CVD in people with BP levels 2, 3, and 4 were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.98–1.16), 1.12 (95% CI, 1.04–1.20), and 1.17 (95% CI, 1.08–1.26), respectively. There were also increased risks of chronic kidney disease (1.18 [95% CI, 1.12–1.24] and 1.22 [95% CI, 1.15–1.29]), cerebrovascular disease (1.21 [95% CI, 1.14–1.29] and 1.52 [95% CI, 1.42–1.63]), and CVD mortality (1.31 [95% CI, 1.09–1.56] and 1.91 [95% CI, 1.58–2.32]) among subjects with BP levels 3 and 4 compared with those with BP level 1. These findings provide evidence supporting the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines for BP targets in diabetes mellitus patients.
Pregnancy Protects Hyperandrogenemic Female Rats From Postmenopausal Hypertension
Authors: Shawky Noha M. , Patil Chetan N. , Dalmasso Carolina , Maranon Rodrigo O. , Romero Damian G. , Drummond Heather , Reckelhoff Jane F.
Published: August 2020

Polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and elevated blood pressure. However, few studies have focused on the consequences of pregnancy on postmenopausal cardiovascular disease and hypertension in polycystic ovary syndrome women. In hyperandrogenemic female (HAF) rats, the hypothesis was tested that previous pregnancy protects against age-related hypertension. Rats were implanted with dihydrotestosterone (7.5 mg/90 days, beginning at 4 weeks and continued throughout life) or placebo pellets (controls), became pregnant at 10 to 15 weeks, and pups were weaned at postnatal day 21. Dams and virgins were then aged to 10 months (still estrous cycling) or 16 months (postcycling). Although numbers of offspring per litter were similar for HAF and control dams, birth weights were lower in HAF offspring. At 10 months of age, there were no differences in blood pressure, proteinuria, nitrate/nitrite excretion, or body composition in previously pregnant HAF versus virgin HAF. However, by 16 months of age, despite no differences in dihydrotestosterone, fat mass/or lean mass/body weight, previously pregnant HAF had significantly lower blood pressure and proteinuria, higher nitrate/nitrite excretion, with increased intrarenal mRNA expression of endothelin B receptor and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), and decreased ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme), AT1aR (angiotensin 1a receptor), and endothelin A receptor than virgin HAF. Thus, pregnancy protects HAF rats against age-related hypertension, and the mechanism(s) may be due to differential regulation of the nitric oxide, endothelin, and renin-angiotensin systems. These data suggest that polycystic ovary syndrome women who have experienced uncomplicated pregnancy may be protected from postmenopausal hypertension.
Prudence, Sunk Costs, and the Temporally Extended Self
Authors: Kauppinen Antti
Published: August 2020

Many find it reasonable to take our past actions into account when making choices for the future. In this paper, I address two important issues regarding taking past investments into account in prudential deliberation. The first is the charge that doing so commits the fallacy of honoring sunk costs. I argue that while it is indeed irrational to care about sunk costs, past investments are not sunk costs when we can change their teleological significance, roughly their contribution to our excellence as temporally extended, reasons-responsive, and goal-directed agents. I suggest some general principles for evaluating such significance. Second, it’s a live issue whether we should care about the fate of our past projects, even if we can now affect it. I reject Dale Dorsey’s recent answer, and argue that the puzzle he addresses turns out to be merely apparent, if we take seriously the fact that we are temporally extended.
“living flesh”
Authors: Anderton Joseph
Published: August 2020

This essay examines the human-nonhuman proximity emerging from Beckett’s representation of a deconstructed human being and his encounters with nonhuman animals in the “The Expelled,” “The Calmative,” “The End” and “First Love.” With reference to Simone Weil’s categories from The Need for Roots, I show how Beckett’s narrator is lacking physical, psychological, socio-political and philosophical aspects associated with normative human being, which result in a precarious, imprecise identity. In light of this dehumanisation, I close read passages featuring nonhuman animals to argue that while they emphasise the narrator’s marginalisation from human community, they also reveal profound alienation from other animals too. The destabilisation of specific identity, I argue, initiates a reevaluation of the narrator’s place among living beings in general and prefigures the multispecies connectedness advocated in twenty-first century ecocritical reviews of the human-nonhuman divide, such as Donna Haraway’s ‘chthulucene.’
Description of Cornigamasus allotritosternus sp. nov. (Mesostigmata: Parasitidae) from China, with an emphasis on the ontogenetic development of setae
Authors: YAO MAO-YUAN , GUO JIAN-JUN , YI TIAN-CI , JIN DAO-CHAO
Published: August 2020

A new species, Cornigamasus allotritosternus sp. nov., is described based on the larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult female and male collected from cow dung in Guizhou Province, China. The ontogenetic development of the gnathotectum, dorsal shields, ventral shields, and the chaetotaxy of the gnathosoma, idiosoma and legs are discussed and illustrated.
Evaluating the Effective Inflow Layer of Simulated Supercell Updrafts
Authors: Nowotarski Christopher J. , Peters John M. , Mulholland Jake P.
Published: August 2020

Proper prediction of the inflow layer of deep convective storms is critical for understanding their potential updraft properties and likelihood of producing severe weather. In this study, an existing forecast metric known as the effective inflow layer (EIL) is evaluated with an emphasis on its performance for supercell thunderstorms, where both buoyancy and dynamic pressure accelerations are common. A total of 15 idealized simulations with a range of realistic base states are performed. Using an array of passive fluid tracers initialized at various vertical levels, the proportion of simulated updraft core air originating from the EIL is determined. Results suggest that the EIL metric performs well in forecasting peak updraft origin height, particularly for supercell updrafts. Moreover, the EIL metric displays consistent skill across a range of updraft core definitions. The EIL has a tendency to perform better as convective available potential energy, deep-layer shear, and EIL depth are increased in the near-storm environment. Modifications to further constrain the EIL based on the most-unstable parcel height or storm-relative flow may lead to marginal improvements for the most stringent updraft core definitions. Finally, effects of the near-storm environment on low-level and peak updraft forcing and intensity are discussed.
How Human Factors Can Help Preserve Democracy in the Age of Pandemics
Authors: Kortum Philip , Stein Robert , Acemyan Claudia Ziegler , Wallach Dan S. , Vann Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

Objective

To describe user-centered voting systems that would support the safe conduct of voting in a pandemic environment.

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has complicated our democratic processes. Voters and poll workers feel threatened by the potential dangers of voting in business-as-usual polling stations. Indeed, significant problems were encountered in the recent 2020 primary elections in Wisconsin, where the National Guard had to be mobilized because so few poll workers reported to work, and more than 90% of polling places had to remain closed.

Method

We describe a number of possible user-centered solutions that would help protect voters and poll workers in times of pandemic, and also report the results of a survey that asked voters and poll workers about what kinds of systems might make them willing to vote.

Results

Political as well as safety considerations will need to be considered as these safer voting solutions are designed since, surprisingly, the kinds of solutions preferred depend on the political affiliation of the voters.

Conclusion

Human factors professionals have a large role to play in realizing the safe, successful implementation of these user-centered systems. Good human factors analysis can help minimize the risk to voters and poll workers. Moreover, human factors methods can help safeguard democracy by creating safe and well-engineered environments that are conducive to voting in the age of pandemics.

Application

Creating safe and effective voting solutions that protect voters and poll workers during pandemic outbreaks is crucial to the preservation of democracy.
Pathology Associated With Streptococcus spp. Infection in Baboons (Papio spp.)
Authors: Davis Katelin L. , Gonzalez Olga , Kumar Shyamesh , Dick Edward J.
Published: August 2020

Streptococcus spp. are a source of morbidity and mortality in captive nonhuman primate populations. However, little is known about the lesions associated with naturally occurring streptococcal infections in baboons ( Papio spp.). The pathology database of the Southwest National Primate Research Center was searched for all baboon autopsies from 1988 to 2018 in which Streptococcus spp. were cultured. Baboons on experimental protocol were excluded. The gross autopsy and histopathology reports were reviewed. Archived specimens were retrieved and reviewed as needed for confirmation or clarification. Fifty-six cultures were positive for Streptococcus spp. in 54 baboons with evidence of bacterial infection. Associated gross lesions included purulent exudate, fibrinous to fibrous adhesions, hemorrhage, mucosal thickening, organomegaly, and abscessation. Histologic lesions included suppurative inflammation, abscessation, necrosis, hemorrhage, fibrin accumulation, and thrombosis. Lungs and pleura ( n = 31) were the most commonly infected organ followed by the central nervous system ( n = 16), spleen ( n = 15), soft tissues ( n = 12), air sacs, liver, peritoneum, adrenal glands, heart, lymph nodes, uterus, kidneys, biliary system, bones, ears, umbilical structures, mammary glands, pancreas, placenta, and salivary glands. Infections by non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the lungs and air sacs; the most common isolate was Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infections by β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the soft tissues and reproductive tract. Naturally occurring β-hemolytic and non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. infections cause morbidity and mortality in captive baboon populations. The lesions associated with streptococcal infection are similar to those reported in human infection. Thus, the baboon may represent an underutilized model for studying Streptococcus spp. as pathogens.
An Estimation of Price Effects of Making Food Fortification Mandatory in India
Authors: Tripathi Amarnath , Mishra Shruti
Published: August 2020

Background:

Despite several interventions, India has made little progress in reducing hidden hunger, micronutrient malnutrition. Food fortification of staple foods could be useful in addressing the above problem. Nonetheless, it may lead to an increase in economic stress among people by increasing inflation and monthly budget expenditure.

Objective:

The prime objective was to see whether or not mandatory food fortification will lead to an increase in inflation and the family’s budget expenditure.

Methods:

The study was based on secondary data. Decomposition approach has been used—inflation was decomposed into contributions of each commodity and which was further divided into base, weight, and inflation effects. To estimate the impact of mandatory food fortification on the family’s budget expenditure, monthly per capita expenditure has been assessed by considering both the situations—with and without fortification.

Results:

Results suggest that mandatory food fortification has a very negligible effect on inflation, suggesting no rise in inflation due to mandatory food fortification in India. Also, the study suggests a minimal increase in monthly per capita expenditure in both rural and urban sectors of India.

Conclusions:

Though adopting mandatory food fortification in India will not have an impact on inflation, there would be 2 major challenges: high dependency on food items processed locally and unawareness of benefits of fortified food items. Therefore, the government can first start food fortification of staple food with safety nets programs like NFSA, focusing on the most vulnerable groups of the society, and then scale up at a large scale.
Characterization of polyvinyl chloride–based floor covering thermal decomposition parameters in a cone calorimeter
Authors: Luche Jocelyn , Rogaume Thomas , Guillaume Eric
Published: August 2020

In an ISO 5660 Cone Calorimeter, heat fluxes were applied to a polyvinyl chloride–based floor covering to characterize their influence on the thermal decomposition parameters as well as on the concentrations of species emitted during the combustion process. Gas concentrations were quantified for identifying the fire behaviour and the decomposition chemistry. Thus, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, hydrogen chloride and oxygen with concentrations and emission yields of high consistency were encountered at all heat fluxes considered. Moreover, nitrogen monoxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen cyanide and lightweight hydrocarbons were observed with low concentrations and emission yields. Other species can be considered as negligible due to their concentrations close to zero at all heat fluxes studied. Furthermore, using the oxygen consumption method, heat release rate, total heat release and effective heat of combustion were also calculated for each irradiance level and were compared with data found in the literature.
Does Disgust Increase Unethical Behavior? A Replication of Winterich, Mittal, and Morales (2014)
Authors: Kugler Tamar , Noussair Charles N. , Hatch Denton
Published: August 2020

We consider the relationship between disgust and ethical behavior. Winterich, Mittal, and Morales report several experiments finding that disgust increases unethical behavior. We replicated three of their studies, using high-powered designs with a total of 1,239 participants, three different procedures to induce disgust, and three different measures of unethical behavior. We observe no effect of disgust on unethical behavior in any of the studies, supporting the contention that disgust has no effect on ethical decision making.