bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of severity lesions of hypomineralized molars (MIH) with different treatment alternatives: 9-months results of a clinical trial.
Authors: Özsoy Mine , Güngör Özge Erken
Published: October 2022

Objectives:The aim of our study is to determine the most effective procedure by comparing the materials and imethods used in the treatment of MIH.Materials and Methods:189 first molars with MIH were restored with 4 different materials/methods. Equia Forte HT (GC, Tokyo, Japan) was used in Group 1; In Group 2, G-eanial composite (GC, Tokyo, Japan) was used with a Fuji IX (GC, Tokyo, Japan) base; In Group 3 and Group 4, EverX Posterior (GC, Tokyo, Japan) base and G-eanial composite (GC, Tokyo, Japan) were used. In group 4, deproteinization was performed with Papacarie Duo gel (F&A, Sao Paulo, Brazil). The clinical success of restorations at three/six/nine month periods was evaluated using Modified USPHS criteria.Results:When the marginal adaptation is evaluated; there was no statistically significant difference for the four groups at the 3rd month controls (p>0,05). Group 2 at the 6th and 9th month controls; it was found to be significantly different from Groups 3 and 4 (p<0,05). When the surface roungness is evaluated; Group 1 was statistically different from all other groups in all control months (p<0,05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of retention, color match, marginal discoloration and secondary caries in all control months (p>0,05).Conclusion:Restoration of MIH with Equia Forte HT is almost as successful as composites. The use of dentin replacement materials instead of glass ionomer cements as a base in composite restorations shows better results. Papacarie deproteinization showed similar success with other composite groups.Clinical Relevance:This study was the first clinical study in which Papacarie was used for deproteinization in teeth with MIH and will thus contribute to the literature.Trial registration number:ae5473c8-2c44-402c-bb62-706d27355c3b
Microbial signatures and continuum in endometrial cancer and benign patients
Authors: Semertzidou Anita , Whelan Eilbhe , Smith Ann , Ng Sherrianne , Brosens Jan , Marchesi Julian , Bennett Phillip , MacIntyre David , Kyrgiou Maria
Published: October 2022

Endometrial cancer is a multifactorial disease with inflammatory, metabolic and potentially microbial cues involved in disease pathogenesis. Here we sampled different regions of the reproductive tract (vagina, cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes and ovaries) of 61 patients and showed that the upper genital tract of a subset of women with and without endometrial cancer harbour microbiota quantitatively and compositionally distinguishable from background contaminants. A microbial continuum, defined by detection of common bacterial species along the genital tract, was noted in most women without cancer while the continuum was less cohesive in endometrial cancer patients. Vaginal microbiota were poorly correlated with rectal microbiota in the studied cohorts. Endometrial cancer was associated with reduced cervicovaginal and rectal bacterial load together with depletion of Lactobacillus species relative abundance, including L. crispatus, increased bacterial diversity and enrichment of Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Peptoniphilus and Anaerococcus in the lower genital tract and endometrium. Treatment of benign and malignant endometrial organoids with L. crispatus conditioned media had minimal impact on cytokine and chemokine profiles. Our findings provide evidence that the upper female reproductive tract of some women contains detectable levels of bacteria, the composition of which is associated with endometrial cancer. Whether this is a cause or consequence of cancer pathophysiology remains to be elucidated.
Construction of a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature as a novel prognostic model for pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tong Li , Zheng Xiaofei , Gu Wang , Zhang Chong , Zhang Chao
Published: October 2022

Background
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the common malignant tumors, with high mortality and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a vital role in the progression of tumors. Cuproptosis, a newly identified form of programmed cell death, is thought to play a role in tumorigenesis. However, the role and prognostic value of cuproptosis-related lncRNA in PAAD remains unknown. Therefore, our study is to construct the role of cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting the prognosis of PAAD patients.
Material and methods
The mRNAs and lncRNAs expression profiles and clinical data of PAAD were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. The prognosis signature was constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Cox regression analysis. Patients were separated into high and low risk groups according to the median score. Using Kaplan-Meier, Concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess prognostic ability of the signature. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Enrichment (KEGG), immune-related functions, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) were analyzed based on the signature. The likelihood of an immunotherapy response was estimated using tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithms. PRRophetic package was used to identify its sensitivity toward potential drugs for PAAD.
Results
In total, we obtained 4 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and constructed a prognostic signature. High-risk patients were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and higher mortality. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to identify independent risk factor poor prognosis of high risk scores. ROC, C-index, and nomogram also showed the signature can accurately predict the prognosis of patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed the biological functions of lncRNAs are associated with tumor development, especially immune response. Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB) and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) scores were significantly different between high- and low-risk groups. The three drugs, including Paclitaxel, Gefitinib, and 17-AAG, were more sensitive in the high-risk group.
Conclusion
The 4 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature accurately predicted the prognosis of PAAD and led to better prognosis and treatment options for patients.
Quantification of cartilage and subchondral bone cysts on knee specimens based on a spectral photon-counting computed tomography
Authors: Garcelon Célestin , Abascal Juan , Olivier Cecile , Uk Stéphanie , Si-Mohamed Salim , Ea Hang-Korng , Douek Philippe , Peyrin Francoise , Chappard Christine
Published: October 2022

Spectral Photon-Counting Computed Tomography (SPCCT) is a new technique with the capability to provide mono-energetic (monoE) images with high signal to noise ratio. We demonstrate the feasibility of SPCCT to characterize at the same time cartilage and subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) without contrast agent in osteoarthritis (OA). To achieve this goal, 5 human knee specimens (3 normal and 2 with OA) were imaged with a clinical prototype SPCCT. The monoE images at 60 keV with isotropic voxels of 250x250x250 µm3 were compared with monoE synchrotron radiation CT (SR CT) images at 55 keV with isotropic voxels of 45x45x45 µm3 used as benchmark for cartilage segmentation. The volume and density of SBCs were evaluated in the two OA knees in SPCCT images. In 25 compartments (tibial lateral, tibial medial, femoral lateral, femoral medial and patella), the mean bias between SPCCT and SR CT analyses were 106 ± 196mm3 for cartilage volume and − 0.006mm ± 0.06 for mean cartilage thickness. The 2 OA knees displayed different SBCs profiles in terms of volume, density, and distribution according to size and location. SPCCT with fast acquisitions is able to characterize cartilage morphology and SBCs. SPCCT can be used potentially as a new tool in clinical studies in OA.
Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories Protocol compared to Trauma Focussed Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in UK military veterans: a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Sturt Jackie , Rogers Rebecca , Armour Cherie , Cameron David , de Rijk Lisa , Fiorentino Francesca , Forbes Tricia , Glen Callum , Grealish Annmarie , Kreft Josh , de Souza Ida Meye , Spikol Eric , Tzouvara Vasiliki , Greenberg Neil
Published: October 2022

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs more commonly in military veterans than the general population. Whilst current therapies are effective, up to half of veterans commencing treatment don’t complete it. Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM) protocol is a novel, easy to train, talking therapy with promising US findings. We examine the feasibility of undertaking an efficacy trial of RTM in UK veterans.
Methods: A parallel group, single-centre randomised controlled feasibility trial with a post-completion qualitative interview study. Sixty UK military veterans were randomised 2:1 to RTM (n=35) or Trauma Focussed CBT (n=25). We aimed to determine the rate of recruitment and retention, understand reasons for attrition, determine data quality and size of efficacy signal. We explored veterans’ perceptions of experiences of joining the trial, the research procedures and therapy, and design improvements for future veteran studies. UK military veterans with a diagnosis of PTSD or complex PTSD, and clinically significant symptoms, were recruited between January 2020 and June 2021. Primary outcome was feasibility using pre-determined progression criteria alongside PTSD symptoms, with depression, recovery and rehabilitation as secondary outcomes. Data were collected at baseline, 6, 12 and 20 weeks. Interviews (n=15) were conducted after 20 weeks. Both therapies were delivered by trained charity sector provider therapists.
Results: Participants’ mean age was 53yrs, the mean baseline PTSD symptoms score assessed by PCL-5 was 57. Fifty had complex PTSD and 39 had experienced ≥4 traumas. Data were analysed at 20 weeks for feasibility outcomes (n=60) and mental health outcomes (n=45). Seven of eight progression criteria were met. The RTM group experienced a mean 18-point reduction on the PCL-5. TFCBT group participants experienced a mean reduction of 8 points. 48% of the RTM group no longer met diagnostic criteria for PTSD compared to 16% in the TFCBT group. All veterans reported largely positive experiences of the therapy and research procedures and ways to improve them.
Conclusion: RTM therapy remains a promising psychological intervention for the treatment of PTSD, including complex PTSD, in military veterans. With specific strengthening, the research protocol is fit for purpose in delivering an efficacy trial.
Trial registration: ISRCTN registration no 10314773 on 01.10.2019
Human Salivary Concentrations of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Correlates With Subjective Pain Intensity Associated With Initial Orthodontic Therapy.
Authors: Bhat Sagar S , Revankar Ameet Vaman , Naik Roopak D
Published: October 2022

Current study aimed to evaluate presence & concentration of salivary molecular pain biomarkers Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide(CGRP) and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF) during initial stages of orthodontic treatment and correlation with subjective pain scales, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Consented, healthy-pain free patients(n=40) undergoing orthodontic therapy, having moderate crowding with pre-molar extraction were recruited. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected and stored at -80oC in cryotubes. Levels of CGRP & BDNF in salivary samples was assessed by enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay. Samples were collected under stipulated 5 time periods using saliva collection tube by passive drooling method: immediately after bonding but before wire placement(T0-baseline), after 24 hours(T1), 48 hours(T2), 72 hours(T3) & 168 hours(T4) after wire placement. Consolidated subjective pain scales were administered concurrently. Regression value(R2>0.9) confirmed BDNF & CGRP in saliva. Significant change was observed from baseline to 168 hrs in all subjective parameters(p<0.05). CGRP did not correlate with subjective pain scales statistically(p>0.05). BDNF levels correlated with all the subjective pain scales, NRS(T3-p=0.0092&T4-p=0.0064), VRS(T3-p=0.0112&T4-p=0.0500), VAS(T3-p=0.0092 &T4-p=0.0064) &MPQ (T1-p=0.0255). Mean BDNF & median subjective pain scale graphs were similar. BDNF correlated with all the subjective pain scales warranting further investigation.
Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry - India (CTRI) Reg No: CTRI/2018/12/016571; Registered 10th December, 2018 (10/12/2018) prospectively; http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=29640&EncHid=&userName=Dr%20Sagar%20S%20Bhat
RNA-seq reveals novel mechanistic targets of Livin in bladder cancer
Authors: Li Xianwen , Fu Chunhua , Li Guofeng , He Haolin
Published: October 2022

Background
Bladder cancer is a very common malignancy with a high recurrence rate. The survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is poor, and new therapies are needed. Livin has been reported to be upregulated in bladder cancer and influence the proliferation of cancer cells.
Materials & Methods
The Livin gene in human bladder cancer cell line T24 was knocked out, and the differentially expressed genes were identified by RNA-seq and qPCR.
Results
Livin knockdown affects gene expression and has strong negative effects on some cancer-promoting pathways. Furthermore, combined with bladder cancer clinical sample data downloaded from TCGA and GEO, 2 co-up-regulated genes and 28 co-down-regulated genes were identified and validated, which were associated with cancer proliferation and invasion.
Conclusion
All these results suggest that Livin plays an important role in bladder cancer and could be a potential anticancer target in clinical therapy.
An Adaptive 6-Dimensional Floating-Search Multi-Station Seismic-Event Detector (A6-DFMSD) and its Application to Low Frequency Earthquakes in the East Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany
Authors: Koushesh Mohsen , Ritter Joachim R. R.
Published: October 2022

We introduce a new seismic event detector that applies signal analysis in the frequency domain while searching matches coincidences at neighbouring recording stations. Unlike for the template matching based methods and the supervised and some unsupervised machine learning based methods, no a priori waveform information is needed for our Adaptive 6-Dimensional Floating-search Multi-station Seismic-event Detector (A6-DFMSD). As a challenging test example, the new detector is applied to a dataset with 5 months of micro-earthquake (ML < 2) recordings in the East Eifel Volcanic Field (EEVF), Germany. There both, magmatic and tectonic, earthquakes occur in a depth range between 3 km and 43 km. In summary, we detect 401 micro-earthquakes in this period without missing any of the 87 events listed in the existing catalogues of the region. This means that overall A6-DFMSD detected 4.6 times as many events were already known. After a manual location and classification of the events, we show that A6-DFMSD finds events of different origins (tectonic, magmatic, atmospheric, and anthropogenic). In particular, low-frequency earthquakes of magmatic origin with a complicated coda are very well identified. We suggest that seismological networks monitoring local seismicity with similar target zones should benefit from the use of A6-DFMSD to allow the detection of a wide range of seismic signals.
Pathological response of breast cancer of patients treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and correlation with survival. A perspective of real-world pathology
Authors: Brito Érika de Abreu Costa , Brito Hugo Leite de Farias , Marques Adriane Dórea , Moura Alex Rodrigues , Hora Evânia Curvelo , Lima Marcela Sampaio , Siqueira Hianga Fayssa Fernandes , Barreto Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho , Oliveira Leonardo Souto , Lima Carlos Anselmo
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation of pathological parameters related to NACT and subsequent outcomes. The secondary objective is to correlate classical parameters and survival. We analyzed a retrospective cohort of 142 female patients treated with NACT, with primary breast cancer diagnosed between January 2011 and December 2017. Slides were reviewed by two independent pathologists. Treatment-related parameters were the average percentage of tumor cellularity, size of largest axillary metastasis, and regression pattern in lymph nodes. For statistical analysis, Kaplan–Meier method was applied to estimate the survival probability of the sample and overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (SS). The Gehan-Breslow test was applied to evaluate the hypothesis of no difference in survival curves for different groups. In univariate regression analysis of parameters related to the treatment effect, macroscopic pattern, median of cellularity, cellularity pooled in 3 groups, and median of largest lymph node metastasis had independent prognostic values for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (SS). Classical parameters such as nuclear and histologic grade, mitotic index, grouped ypTNM stage, and lymphovascular invasion were also correlated to survival. In multivariate regression analysis, cellularity group ≥ 40% had a higher chance of death compared to 0–5% cellularity group for both OS (Hazard Ratio: 6.59; 95% Confidence Interval = 2.30–18.9; p < 0.001; adjusted Hazard Ratio: 3.40; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.12, 10.4; p = 0.031). and SS (Hazard Ratio: 3.9; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.58–9.72; p = 0.003; adjusted Hazard Ratio: 4.21; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.69–10.5; p = 0.002). Also, macroscopic pattern correlated to survival in multivariate analysis. The ypN1 + 2 + 3 stage group was the classical parameter with strongest correlation to worse prognosis for both OS (Hazard Ratio: 10.5; 95% Confidence Interval = 2.45–44.6; p = 0.002; adjusted Hazard Ratio: 6.78; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.50–30.6; p = 0.013) and SS (Hazard Ratio: 3.56; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.51–8.38; p = 0.004; adjusted Hazard Ratio: 2.65; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.09–6.48; p = 0.032). Other classical parameters such as triple-negative molecular subtype, lymphovascular invasion and nuclear grade 3 correlated to worse survival. Our findings support the incorporation of the percentage of tumor cellularity in the pathological reports of surgical specimens as an independent prognostic factor for patients treated with NACT.
Quantitative proteomic analysis based on tandem mass tagging (TMT) reveals key proteins related to DNA hydroxymethylation enzyme TET1 for spermatogonia self-renewal
Authors: Liu Lingling , Wang Jin , Tao Xinjie , Wang Kaisheng , Zheng Liming
Published: October 2022

Background
Abnormal spermatogonia (SSCs) can cause spermatogenic disorders such as weak spermatozoa, oligospermia, and azoospermia. DNA hydroxymethylase TET1 hydroxylates the methylation sites of specific genes, enabling the process of DNA demethylation and regulating gene expression. However, the key differential genes affected by the specific action of TET1 and the mechanism of interaction between the differential genes are not clear.
Result
In this study, we applied quantitative proteomics techniques based on Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) to screen the 24h differentially expressed proteins in the TET1 overexpression group (MYC-TET1) and the control group (MYC) to provide a basis for studies such as the regulation of TET1-mediated epigenetic modifications on SSCs. By TMT technique, we identified 5891 proteins, of which 337 were significantly differentially expressed, 76 were up-regulated and 261 were down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that proteins with significant differential expression such as RARG, RN114, DJC30, and ABHD2 were associated with functions such as sperm-egg recognition, sperm-egg fusion, sperm ejaculation, spermatogenesis and development, and embryonic development. changes in proteins such as GHR, CCNT1, HTRA1, and ANXA3 affected cell viability, gene transcription and translation activities, and important intracellular biological processes in SSCs. intracellular biological processes.
Conclusions
In this study, we obtained differential protein profiles by overexpressing TET1 in SSCs and subsequently by TMT protein sequencing technology, combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis, GO enrichment analysis and protein interaction network map to jointly analyze the epistatic regulatory role of TET1 on SSCs, which provides a scientific basis for further study of spermatogenesis and contributes to the understanding of male reproductive system diseases.
Diagnostic performance of digital PET with a dedicated head and neck protocol for the assessment of cranial arteries inflammation in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: DURAND-BAILLOUD Bastien , SAMSON Maxime , BERTAUT Aurelie , THIBAULT Thomas , DROUET Clement , POPOFF Romain , SOUDRY-FAURE Agnès , COCHET Alexandre , BONNOTTE Bernard , ALBERINI Jean Louis
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a frequent granulomatous vasculitis. In the diagnosis of large vessel GCA, FDG-PET/CT imaging has been recommended and its use has steadily increased. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of digital FDG-PET imaging with a head and neck dedicated protocol, especially to detect cranial arteries involvement, using different visual grading scores, and to assess the inter-reader agreement.

Material and Methods

FDG-PET/CT scans with a 10-min acquisition time on the head and neck were performed in patients suspected of having recent GCA. A score including 20 segments due to the inclusion of cranial segments and a score established only for the cranial segments were compared to the Total Vascular Score (TVS) established on 7 arterial segments. These scores were assessed by two nuclear medicine physicians on a blinded manner and, in case of disagreement, a consensus was established with a third nuclear medicine physician.

Results

GCA diagnosis was retained for 15 of the 52 patients included. Sensitivity and specificity of the 20-segment or the cranial scores were higher than those of TVS (sensitivity and specificity of 80% of 97% for both scores vs 73% and 89% for TVS, respectively). The inter-reader agreement was substantial in the 20-segment score (weighted kappa = 0.68) but better in the cranial segments than other segments.

Conclusion

This study shows the usefulness of grading scores able to highlight involvement of cranial arteries in GCA with a better inter-reader agreement in cranial segments than other segments.
Shadows of very high-frequency oscillations in routine stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Vasickova Zuzana , Klimes Petr , Cimbalnik Jan , Travnicek Vojtech , Pail Martin , Halamek Josef , Jurak Pavel , Brazdil Milan
Published: October 2022

Very high-frequency oscillations (VHFOs, > 500 Hz) are more specific in localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ) than high-frequency oscillations (HFOs, < 500 Hz). Unfortunately, VHFOs are not visible in standard clinical stereo-EEG (SEEG) recordings with sampling rates of 1 kHz or lower. Here we show that “shadows” of VHFOs can be found in frequencies below 500 Hz and can help us to identify SEEG channels with a higher probability of increased VHFO rates. Subsequent analysis of Logistic regression models on 141 SEEG channels from thirteen patients shows that VHFO “shadows” provide additional information to gold standard HFO analysis and can potentially help in precise EZ delineation in standard clinical recordings.
Assessment of Fungal spores and spore-like diversity in Environmental Samples by Targeted Lysis
Authors: Ramirez Andrea Corona , Bregnard Danaé , Junier Thomas , Cailleau Guillaume , Dorador Cristina , Bindschedler Saskia , Junier Pilar
Published: October 2022

Resistant cells, such as spores are a vital part of the life cycle of fungi with essential roles in ecology and reproduction. These structures help fungi not only to disperse to other environments but also to survive long periods of time awaiting favorable growth conditions. As a result, fungal spores and resistant cells are part of the microbial seed bank, which is known to influence the microbial community composition, and contribute to the maintenance of diversity. Despite the importance of resistant cells in the life-cycles of fungi, and more largely, of microbial seed banks in the environment, the methods to study the diversity of fungal resistant cells only target spores dispersing in the air, omitting the diversity of these cells elsewhere. In this study, we applied a separation method based on lysis-resistance to enrich fungal spores and resistant cells to obtain a proxy of the composition of the fungal seed bank. This approach was first evaluated in selected species. The results obtained showed that DNA from fungal spores and from yeast is only obtained after the application of the lysis-resistant enrichment method, while mycelium is always lysed. After validation, we compared the total and fungal seed bank diversity in the polyextreme environment of the Salar de Huasco, a high-altitude athalassohaline wetland in the Chilean Altiplano. Environmental samples were collected from a salt flat and from microbial mats in small surrounding ponds. Both the lake sediments and microbial mats were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, however, the diversity and composition of each environment differed. Members of the phylum Chytridiomycota were enriched in the lysis-resistant fraction, while members of the phylum Rozellomycota were never detected in this fraction. Moreover, we show that the community composition of the lysis-resistant fraction reflects the diversity of life cycles and survival strategies developed by fungi in the environment. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that the fungal diversity is explored in the Salar de Huasco. In addition, the method presented here provides a simple and culture independent approach to assess the diversity of fungal lysis-resistant cells in the environment.
Behavior in time of solutions of a Keller--Segel system with flux limitation and source term
Authors: Marras Monica , Vernier-Piro Stella , Yokota Tomomi
Published: October 2022

In this paper we consider radially symmetric solutions of the following parabolic--elliptic cross-diffusion system \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} u_t = \Delta u - \nabla \cdot (u f(|\nabla v|^2 )\nabla v) + g(u), & \\[2mm] 0= \Delta v -m(t)+ u , \quad \int_{\Omega}v \,dx=0, & \\[2mm] u(x,0)= u_0(x), & \end{cases} \end{equation*} in $\Omega \times (0,\infty)$, with $\Omega$ a ball in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\geq 3$, under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions, where $g(u)= \lambda u - \mu u^k$ , $\lambda >0, \ \mu >0$, and $ k >1$, $f(|\nabla v|^2 )= k_f(1+ |\nabla v|^2)^{-\alpha}$, $\alpha>0$, which describes gradient-dependent limitation of cross diffusion fluxes. The function $m(t)$ is the time dependent spatial mean of $u(x,t)$ i.e. $m(t) := \frac 1 {|\Omega|} \int_{\Omega} u(x,t) \,dx$. Under smallness conditions on $\alpha$ and $k$, we prove that the solution $u(x,t)$ blows up in $L^{\infty}$-norm at finite time $T_{max}$ and for some $p>1$ it blows up also in $L^p$-norm. In addition a lower bound of blow-up time is derived. Finally, under largeness conditions on $\alpha$ or $k$, we prove that the solution is global and bounded in time.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 35B44; Secondary 35Q92, 92C17.
Regulation of Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Expression in COPD after Personalized Precise Exercise Training
Authors: liu panpan , Zhang meilan , Gao Hongchang , Han Shaojun , Liu Jinming , Sun Xingguo , Zhao Lei
Published: October 2022

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world’s leading causes of death and a major chronic respiratory disease. Aerobic exercise, the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation, improves prognosis of COPD patients; however, few studies have comprehensively examined the changes in RNA transcript levels and the crosstalk between various transcripts in this context. This study identified the expression of RNA transcripts in COPD patients who engaged in aerobic exercise training for 12 weeks, and further constructions of the possible RNAs networks were made.
Methods
Peripheral blood samples for all four COPD patients who benefited from 12 weeks of PR were collected pre- and post- aerobic exercises and evaluated for the expression of mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA with high-throughput RNA sequencing followed by GEO date validation. In addition, enrichment analyses were conducted on different expressed mRNAs. LncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-mRNA coexpression networks, as well as lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing expression networks (ceRNAs) in COPD were constructed.
Results
We identified and analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs and noncoding RNAs in the peripheral blood of COPD patients’ post-exercise. Eighty-six mRNAs, 570 lncRNAs, 8 miRNAs, and 2087 circRNAs were differentially expressed. Direct function enrichment analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis showed that differentially expressed RNAs(DE-RNAs) correlated with several critical biological processes such as chemotaxis, DNA replication, anti-infection humoral response, oxidative phosphorylation, and immunometabolism, which might affect the progression of COPD. Some DE-RNAs were validated by Geo databases, and the results were highly correlated with RNA sequencing. We constructed ceRNA networks of DE-RNAs in COPD.
Conclusions
The systematic understanding of the impact of aerobic exercise on COPD was achieved using transcriptomic profiling. This research offers a number of potential candidates for clarifying the regulatory mechanisms that exercise has on COPD, which could ultimately help in understanding the pathophysiology of COPD.
Calcium phosphate ion clusters improve the mechanical properties and bonding strength of demineralized dentine
Authors: Yuan Ding , Yan Lumiao , Chen Ruitian , Chen Zhuo , Tang Ruikang , Chen Zhi
Published: October 2022

Objective

In this laboratory study, the rapid biomimetic remineralization potential of calcium phosphate ion clusters (CPICs) on the interface between demineralized dentin and resin composite was investigated.

Methods

Dentin disks 1 mm thick were prepared from extracted non-carious human third molars. After acid etching, a 5 µm thick demineralized layer was obtained, sprayed with 1 mg/mL CPICs for 5 min and stored in m-SOF for 48 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the ultrastructure of remineralized dentin treated by CPICs, and the phase transformation of the newly formed remineralized layer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A nanoindentation test was performed to evaluate the elastic modulus and microhardness of demineralized dentin. The inhibitory effect of CPICs on the activity of dentin matrix metalloproteinase was determined. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to observe the bonding interface defects between the resin composite and demineralized dentin. Microtensile bond strength and failure models of bonding interface were also analyzed.

Results

SEM illustrated a remineralized layer of approximately 2 µm on the surface of the demineralized dentin, and the tubules of the dentin were uniformly sealed. The elastic modulus and microhardness were boosted and like those of sound dentin. In addition, have an inhibitory ability against MMP. The integrity of the bonding interface and long-term bonding strength were enhanced. CPICs transformed the failure mode into cohesive failure in the composite

Conclusion

CPICs greatly improved the mechanical and bonding properties of the demineralized dentine.

Clinical Relevance

CPICs have been shown to significantly improve the mechanical and bonding properties of demineralized dentin, which provides a new clinical treatment strategy for the demineralized dentin retained by selective caries removal technology in deep caries treatment.
A Decomposition-based Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization Method for Solving Constrained Optimization Problems with Imbalanced Objectives or Constraints
Authors: Fan Zhun , Wang Liu , Wang Zhaojun , Xu Biao , Li Wenji
Published: October 2022

In recent years, many effective constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (CMOEAs) have been proposed and successfully applied to address constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs). Nevertheless, few CMOEAs have fully explored CMOPs with imbalanced objectives or constraints. In this study, we propose a hybrid algorithm called M2M-IEpsilon to handle CMOPs with such characteristics, which combines an improved epsilon constraint-handling method (IEpsilon) with a multi-objective to multi-objective (M2M) decomposition strategy. The M2M decomposition mechanism divides a population into a set of sub-populations, which strengthens the diversity of the population. The IEpsilon constraint-handling method enables individuals with small constraint violation values to survive to the next generation, thus leading to a search for promising regions. In addition, a series of imbalanced CMOPs, named IM-CMOPs, is designed to verify the performance of the proposed M2M-IEpsilon algorithm. The comprehensive experimental results indicate that the proposed method can solve such imbalanced CMOPs well and perform significantly better than the other eight new or classical CMOEAs. Finally, we used the proposed M2M-IEpsilon to optimize the wellbore trajectory problem, and it achieved good results compared with previously developed algorithms.
Altered Norepinephrine Transmission after Spatial Learning Impairs Sleep-Mediated Memory Consolidation in rats
Authors: Duran Ernesto , Pandinelli Martina , Logothetis Nikos , Eschenko Oxana
Published: October 2022

The therapeutic use of noradrenergic drugs makes the evaluation of their effects on cognition of high priority. Norepinephrine (NE) is an important neuromodulator for a variety of cognitive processes, including memory. The NE transmission fluctuates with the behavioral state and influences associated neural activity. Here, we addressed the role of NE during a post-learning period in the sleep-mediated mechanisms of memory consolidation. We treated adult male rats with clonidine (0.05 mg/kg, i.p.), propranolol (10 mg/kg, i.p.), or saline after each of seven daily learning sessions on an 8-arm radial maze. We monitored the prefrontal EEG and population activity in the hippocampus for 2h after the drug administration. Both drugs made spatial learning less efficient and dramatically reduced the occurrence of hippocampal ripples at least for 2h post-injection. Clonidine made the sleep onset faster while prolonging quiet wakefulness. Propranolol increased active wakefulness at the expense of NREM sleep. Clonidine reduced the occurrence of slow oscillations (SO) and sleep spindles during NREM sleep and altered the temporal coupling between SO and sleep spindles. Thus, pharmacological alteration of NE transmission produced a suboptimal brain state for memory consolidation. Our results suggest that the post-learning NE contributes to the efficiency of ripple-associated memory trace replay and hippocampal-cortical communication underlying memory consolidation.
Identification and validation of a ten Cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic signature for Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Qi , Hui Yuan , Yang Bin-Feng , Li Jing-Xian , Ma Da-You , Huang Bang-Rong
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCuproptosis is a recently discovered method of copper-induced cell death that serves an essential part in the progression and spread of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Multiple studies have found that lncRNAs, or long non-coding RNAs, are strongly correlated with the outcome for STAD patients. However, the nature of the connection between cuproptosis and lncRNAs in STAD is still not completely understood. Our study set out to create a predictive hallmark of STAD based on lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis, with the hope that this would allow for more accurate prediction of STAD outcomes.MethodsWe retrieved the transcriptional profile of STAD as well as clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) were gathered through the highest level of original research and complemented with information from the available literature. We constructed a risk model using co-expression network analysis, Cox regression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis to identify lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis, and then validated its performance in a validation set. Survival study, progression-free survival analysis (PFS), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Cox regression analysis, nomograms, clinicopathological characteristic correlation analysis, and principal components analysis were used to evaluate the signature's prognostic utility. Additionally, ssGSEA algorithms, KEGG, and GO were employed to assess biological functions. The tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor immune dysfunction and rejection (TIDE) scores were utilized in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the immunotherapy.ResultsIn order to construct predictive models, nine distinct lncRNAs (AC087521.1, AP003498.2, AC069234.5, LINC01094, AC019080.1, BX890604.1, AC005041.3, DPP4-DT, AL356489.2, AL139147.1) were identified. The Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves, which were applied to both the training and testing sets of the TCGA, provided evidence that the signature contained a sufficient amount of predictive potential. The signature was shown to contain risk indicators that were independent of the other clinical variables, as demonstrated by the findings of a Cox regression and a stratified survival analysis. The ssGSEA study provided additional evidence that predictive variables were highly connected with the immunological condition of STAD patients. Surprisingly, the combination of high risk and high TMB reduced survival time for patients. A worse prognosis for the immune checkpoint blockade response was also suggested by the fact that patients in the high-risk group had higher TIDE scores.ConclusionThe potential clinical uses of the identified risk profiles for the 10 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs include the assessment of the prognosis and molecular profile of STAD patients and the creation of more targeted therapy strategies.
Superficial Surgical Site Infection in Delayed Primary Vs Primary Wound Closure in Complicated Appendicitis
Authors: Akash Akash , Saxena Neeraj
Published: October 2022

1.1 Background
Wound infection is the most common post-op complication encountered after open appendectomy. Various studies comparing risk of superficial surgical site infection (SSI) in primary closure (PC) and delayed primary closure (DPC) of wound has been conducted in the past. But there is no uniform consensus regarding the method of wound closure. So aim of this study was comparison of the two wound closure techniques.
1.2 Material and Methods
This was prospective study which enrolled 50 patients who underwent open appendectomy. Patients’ demographics, characteristics and operative findings were recorded. Those who were elder than 18 years and had appendectomy with a right lower quadrant incision were included. Patients with any comorbidity, morbid obesity and pregnancy were excluded. Patients were randomized to undergo two techniques of wound closure namely PC and DPC. On follow-up at one week and one month, SSI, post-op pain and LOS were compared among two groups. Clinical assessment included a visual analog scale (1-10) for pain.
1.3 Results
In our study incidence of SSI in DPC group was significantly lower when compared to PC group (p value=0.0002) while post-op pain and LOS were not significantly different on comparison between the two groups.
1.4 Conclusion
We concluded that DPC was superior to PC of wound in terms of reduction of incidence of superficial SSI but with respect to post-op pain and LOS the two techniques of wound closure were not different.
Dependence of Climate Sensitivity Estimates on Internal Climate Variability During 1880-2020
Authors: Spencer Roy W. , Christy John R.
Published: October 2022

Observed rates of global-average deep-ocean and surface warming during 1880–2020 are matched with a 1D forcing-feedback model of vertical energy flow departures from assumed energy equilibrium driven by both anthropogenic and natural forcings. The monthly time resolution model ocean has a mixed layer, a second layer to 2,000 m depth, and a third layer extending to the ocean bottom. The model mixed layer temperature is radiatively forced with estimates of anthropogenic, volcanic, and direct solar forcings since 1765, and radiatively and non-radiatively forced with the observed history of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) activity since 1880. Model adjustable parameters are chosen to match observed sea surface temperature (SST) and deep ocean (0-2000 m) temperature trends during 1960–2020, as well as twenty years of lag regression relationships between sea surface temperature and satellite longwave and shortwave flux anomalies at the top of the atmosphere. The results support the dominant role of anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing in ocean warming since 1880. Without ENSO and PDO effects, diagnosed climate sensitivity is 1.8 and 2.2 deg. C for two sea surface temperature datasets, respectively. Inclusion of ENSO and PDO improves agreement between model and observations, from 81–92% explained variance, and reduces the diagnosed sensitivity to 1.5 to 1.8 deg. C, depending on the surface temperature dataset. The global warming slowdown during 1998–2012 is also well matched after inclusion of ENSO and PDO effects.
Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidative enzymes in the loss and re-establishment of desiccation tolerance in germinated pea seeds
Authors: Sahu Balram , Naithani Subhash Chandra
Published: October 2022

This study highlights the regulatory function of ROS and its detoxifying enzymes during loss and re-establishment of desiccation tolerance (DT) in PEG pretreated and untreated germinated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with 2 mm long radicles. Dehydration of untreated pea seedlings to initial water content (IWC; 0.11 gH2O g− 1 DM) and below IWC (0.06 gH2O g− 1 DM) reduced the DT to 60 and 20%, respectively. Significant amelioration in DT was observed in PEG pretreated seedlings by 100 and 70% following dehydration at IWC and below IWC, respectively. Rendering DT in the PEG pretreated seedlings was negatively associated with an extensive reduction in superoxide (~ 2.3 folds) and H2O2 (~ 1.8 folds) levels compared to the untreated seedlings. Enhanced expression, levels (quantitative) and number (isoenzyme) of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the PEG pretreated seedlings negatively correlated with the lowering ROS levels and its associated oxidative damage. It is concluded that the re-induction of increased antioxidative capacity is a key factor in the re-establishment of DT in PEG-pretreated pea seedlings. Additionally, PEG pretreatment resulted in 50% disappearance of superoxide in the sub-apical zone (SZ) of the radicle compared to the radicle of untreated seedlings dehydrated below IWC. Further, in situ detection of superoxide accumulation in the apical zone (AZ) was NADPH-oxidase dependent but in the SZ it was independent of NADPH-oxidase.
Head Coach Gender and Player Performance in NCAA Softball
Authors: Paulson Courney , Darvin Lindsey , Berri David
Published: October 2022

In most industry segments, more than 70% of leadership positions are held by men. This leads to the common suggestion that men are better leaders than women. Unfortunately, in most industries, it is difficult to find women and men in leadership positions where performance of the leader can be objectively evaluated. Hence, in most places, it is difficult to establish if gender identity of the leader makes a measurable difference. The exception to this general trend is in the world of sports. Both women and men do work as coaches in women’s sports, often in equivalent roles and positions. Consequently, we can scientifically evaluate if the gender of the coach impacts the outcomes we observe. In this article, we specifically consider the sport of college softball, where we note a more equal breakdown in coaching by gender than most other sports. The evidence from college softball indicates gender of the coach does not impact outcomes. Specifically, we find the gender of the head coach does not appear to alter the performance of individual hitters and thus a team’s offensive production. Such findings challenge the gender stereotypes we see in the broader leadership positions of society.
Non-equilibrium flow of dense inhomogeneous fluids in nano-channels
Authors: Shan Baochao , Ju Long , Su Wei , Guo Zhaoli , Zhang Yonghao
Published: October 2022

The Enskog-Vlasov equation provides a consistent description of the microscopic molecular interactions for real fluids based on the kinetic and mean-field theories. The present fluid flows in nano-channels are investigated by the Enskog-Vlasov-BGK model, which simplifies the complicated Enskog-Vlasov collision operator and enables large-scale engineering design simulations. The density distributions of real fluids are found to exhibit inhomogeneities across the nano-channel, particularly at large densities, as a direct consequence of the inhomogeneous force distributions caused by the real fluid effects including the fluid molecules' volume exclusion and the long-range molecular attraction. In contrast to the Navier-Stokes equation with the slip boundary condition, which fails to describe nano-scale flows due to the coexistence of confinement, non-equilibrium, and real fluid effects, the Enskog-Vlasov-BGK model is found to capture these effects accurately as confirmed by the corresponding molecular dynamics simulations for low and moderate fluid densities.
A Hybrid approach for Image Acquisition Methods based on Feature Based Image Registration (FBIR)
Authors: Kumawat Anchal , Panda Sucheta
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the problem of Feature-Based Image Registration (FBIR) has been addressed using a novel hybrid feature detector. To prove the efficiency of the proposed hybrid feature detector, its performance is compared with that of the state-of-the-art feature detectors like BRISK, FAST, ORB, Harris, MinEigen and MSER. Three different image acquisition methods are choosen for comparison. They are (i) Rotation transformation (ii) Scene to model transformation and (iii) Scaling transformation. Taking into consideration the above three types of image acquisition methods, a FBIR method is proposed for different types of remote sensing images. This paper proposed a hybrid feature detection algorithm, that consumes less time to detect the feature key points and it is also rotation and scale invariant. In addition to this the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of match points and match rate. This paper also focuses on a comparative analysis of BRISK, FAST, Harris, MinEigen, MSER and ORB with the proposed algorithm in terms of time to detect feature keypoints. It can be observed from the results and tables that in the case of hybrid feature detectors,It takes less time to detect the feature key points.