bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR QUANTIFICATION OF LORATIDINE AND ALVERINE CITRATE BY VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Authors: R. Vijayalakshmi , Y Naga Sri Ramya , MD Dhanaraju
Published: July 2017

The present work describes on two colorimetric methods based on charge transfer complex reaction of loratidine (LRT) and alverine citrate (ALV) with chloranilic acid in chloroform. The methods were developed on Perkin Elmer LAMBDA 25 UV –VIS spectrophotometer with 1cm quartz cells. The methods were optimised to achieve maximum colour intensity and validated for reliability. The coloured complexes showed maximum absorbance at 538 nm for LRT and 540 nm for ALV. The absorbances were found to increase linearly with increase in concentration which was emphasised by the calculated regression coefficients (0.9998-0.9999). Linearity of standard plot was in the order of 100-700 and 80-560µg/ml for LRT and ALV, respectively. The molar absorptivity, sandells sensitivity, LOD, LOQ and other validation parameters have been assessed extensively and all the parameters seem to comply with the acceptance criteria. The proposed methods were proved to be more accurate, simple, precise and rapid by statistical validation, recovery studies and could be appropriate to employ in regular laboratory analysis.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SIMPLE UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE IN BULK AND MARKETED DOSAGE FORMULATIONS
Authors: Khanvilkar Vineeta V. , Kothekar Rupali R.
Published: July 2017

A simple, rapid and economic UV spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated using a solvent 0.1N HCl to determine Dextromethorphan hydrobromide content in bulk and two different pharmaceutical solid dosage formulations, lozenges and chewable tablets. At the pre-determined λmax of 278 nm, it was proved linear in the range of 5.0-30.0 µg/ml and exhibited good correlation coefficient (R2=0.9993) and excellent mean recovery (101.37-100.76%) and (100.66-101.17%) for lozenges and chewable tablets respectively. This method was successfully applied to the determination of Dextromethorphan hydrobromide content in lozenges and chewable tablets and the results were in good agreement with the label claim. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, LOD and LOQ. The obtained results proved that the method can be employed for the routine analysis of Dextromethorphan hydrobromide in bulks as well as in the pharmaceutical formulations.
ESTETICISMO Y COMPROMISO SOCIAL EN EUTERPOLOGIO POLITONAL DE VICENTE ROSALES Y ROSALES. REACTUALIZACIÓN Y SUPERACIÓN DEL MODERNISMO EN EL SALVADOR
Authors: Bosshard Marco Thomas
Published: July 2017

This article will discuss the multiple references of Vicente Rosales y Rosales, to the poetics of French symbolism, American modernisms and the international avant-garde in order to locate his position within the ethnographic and aesthetic discourses on the relation of rhythm and race that appeared since the end of the 19th century. This seems to be especially important, though rhythmic and racial elements are both present in Rosales y Rosales’ poems analyzed here. Considering the fact that Salvadorean natives were almost completely killed during the so-called La Matanza in 1932 and that Rosales y Rosales started to rewrite his Euterpologio politonal after this incident, the apparently apolitical frame of Rosales y Rosales’ aestheticism unexpectedly turns to social compromise —a fact that requires a revalorization of his writing.
REPRESENTACIONES IMAGINARIAS EN LA DRAMATURGIA ARGENTINA DE LA POSTDICTADURA: CAMINO DE CORNISA DE ALEJANDRO FINZI
Authors: Tossi Mauricio
Published: July 2017

With this article, we propose to investigate certain guidelines developed poetic drama of Patagonia Argentina during the years of the post-dictatorship. To achieve this goal, we will take as the axis of imaginary representations study evidenced in the texts of the period 1986-2003 and, in turn, delimit our analysis on a test case: Camino de cornisa by Alejandro Finzi.
Comparative Study on Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Gmelina arborea Roxb. From four Different Geographical Regions
Authors: S. Iswarya , M. Sridevi , A. Mayavel
Published: July 2017

In the present study, leaf, bark, twig and root samples of Gmelina arborea (Family: Verbenaceae) are taken from four
different geographical regions in and around Tamil Nadu. The samples were subjected to Soxhlet extraction with Methanol
(MeOH) and n-Hexane. They were screened for the presence of phytochemicals and their respective concentrations were
estimated and compared. Antioxidant activities of the selected samples were tested using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) Assay and Metal Chelation Assay. When compared to n-Hexane, All the samples of Methanol extract showed
good concentrations of secondary metabolites, especially high phenol content (8.4- 4.4 mg/ml of MeOH extract). There
were significant amounts of Alkaloids (2.6-0.1 mg/ml), Tannins (3- 0.1 mg/ml) and Saponins (8.2-0.2 mg/ml) though their
concentration ranges were highly varying from sample to sample. The radical scavenging activity was stable and significant
in all the samples from Area-3 and 4 with B3M the highest (71.51%). On a comparative scale, G.arborea samples from
Area-3 and 4 (Farmers’ plantations) showed a good amount of phytochemicals and antioxidant potential thus forming a
good line of trees for selection and breeding.
Comparison of Antioxidant Activity in the Methanolic Peels Extracts of Solanum lycopersocum and Solanum lycopersocum Var. Cerasiforme
Authors: Muthukumarasamy Ravindran , Amran Nur , Ilyana Alifah , Radhakrishnan D.
Published: July 2017

Oxidative stress is one of the vital factors which causes serious illness to humans. The reactive oxygen species also accelerates the aging process and antioxidants are crucial in daily diet as it will help to protect body from free radicals and their threats. The current study focuses on the comparison of antioxidant activity in the methanolic peels extract between two tomato species namely Solanum lycopersocum and Solanum lycopersocum var. Cerasiforme (cherry tomato). Tomatoes have abundant antioxidant properties and was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Methanolic extracts (by maceration method of extraction) of both peels showed high radical scavenging properties, however peels of Solanum lycopersocum var. cerasiforme proved to have higher antioxidant properties. The IC50 result revealed that methanolic peels extract of Solanum lycopersocum var. cerasiforme was found to be 619.14 µg/ml compared to Solanum lycopersocum with 697.16 µg/ml. Thus, the present study reveals that the peels of tomatoes exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their medicinal and nutritional functions.
LA EDUCACIÓN DE LA SEXUALIDAD Y SU INFLUENCIA EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO SOCIO-AFECTIVO DE ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Armijos Herrera Yanet Del Carmen , Yépez Jiménez Sara Fátima , Rodríguez Galera José Raúl
Published: July 2017

Frente al avance de la Educación de la Sexualidad en beneficio a los niños/as, jóvenes y adultos/as, es un reto impartir información científica apropiada, de modo que para hacerlo se precisa de una investigación contextual y personalizada, que se sintetizará en este artículo. Es por esto que el propósito esencial de ésta investigación fue determinar la influencia que tiene la Educación de la Sexualidad en el comportamiento socio-afectivo de adolescentes. Para obtener la información fue necesario el uso de un estudio exploratorio, con un enfoque de carácter cuanti-cualitativo para la recolección y el análisis de los datos, que proporcionaron los instrumentos como la encuesta y el método de la observación directa. La muestra que se escogió consistió en quince adolescentes y treinta padres de familia. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron la falta de información, estereotipos, prejuicios y el rechazo a los términos empleados en relación con la sexualidad. Lo que demanda la necesidad de elaborar un protocolo formativo que fomente la Educación de la Sexualidad en beneficio a la comunidad educativa para orientarlos hacia un desarrollo socio-afectivo pleno, consciente y responsable. Además, se podrán establecer límites y a la vez posibilidades para la enseñanza, el uso y el abordaje de la temática desde una concepción científica, asequible, coherente y pertinente.
PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA Y PATRIMONIO CULTURAL: EXPERIENCIAS PARA SU REVALORIZACIÓN, PARROQUIA ANCONCITO, CANTÓN SALINAS
Authors: Maldonado Rivadeneira Mario , Castro Granoble Carlos José , León Valle Wilson
Published: July 2017

El objetivo principal del ensayo es relacionar la importancia de la participación ciudadana y la valoración objetiva del patrimonio cultural por parte de la comunidad, para lo cual se realizó la revisión literaria de las teorías relacionadas al tema de participación ciudadanía y patrimonio cultural; de la misma manera a nivel general, latinoamericano, nacional y local. También fue llevada a cabo la revisión de artículos científicos  afines al tema de investigación, se acudió a la verificación de artículos legales: Constitución de la República del Ecuador 2008, Código Orgánico de Organización Territorial, Autonomía y Descentralización y otras normativas existentes en el Ecuador, en referencia a la participación y patrimonio cultural. El método utilizado para la investigación, fue el descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, con abordaje deductivo; mediante la técnica de encuesta y entrevista a los ciudadanos residentes del barrio Twintza, parroquia rural Anconcito, para tener suficiente información con respecto al conocimiento relacionado al tema objeto de estudio; pero se evidenció un contraste entre la valoración teórica del patrimonio y la participación ciudadana. Además no se implementan los mecanismos apropiados que permitan al habitante su participación ciudadana, incrementando la comprensión y apropiación de su entorno patrimonial local, debido a que las instituciones encargadas no cumplen con los roles establecidos en las normativas y por lo tanto no ha sido reconocido en su justo valor por la ciudadanía, para su goce y utilización. En consecuencia no ha provocado mejoras en las condiciones de vida que propone el Buen Vivir.
EL ASBESTO COMO ELEMENTO PERJUDICIAL EN EL SER HUMANO Y DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL NEGATIVO A NIVEL MUNDIAL
Authors: Peña Humberto , Bohórquez Armijos Emanuel
Published: July 2017

El asbesto es un grupo de minerales no metálicos fibrosos, compuestos de silicatos de doble cadena que poseen gran resistencia a la tensión y la degradación química y conductividad térmica baja. A pesar de la evidencia experimental y poblacional de que los manifestados minerales son agentes cancerígenos y reconocidos  por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aún continúan  usándose, en muchos países, de Europa como América Latina su uso continúa, a costa de la salud de los trabajadores, de las familias, ya que el uso de este material impera desde las escuelas, complejos familiares de bajo costo e incluso en los hospitales,  lo que se ha convertido en un problema mundial por el desarrollo de enfermedades asociadas a estos minerales en individuos expuestos. El presente artículo se  analiza  cómo la salud y los daños al medio ambiente se ven afectados, por el uso del asbesto, las enfermedades asociadas a él y el comportamiento mundial frente a esta problemática; además, se plantea la conveniencia de concienciar  a la comunidad en general y a los gobernantes sobre lo perjudicial del asbesto y el grave efecto que causa a  los individuos expuestos. Finalmente,  La nula o muy limitada información y vigilancia sobre el Asbesto y sus riesgos por  parte de los Gobiernos, no obstante que la legislación de todos los países, desde hace más de 3 décadas, considera esta sustancia como causante de enfermedad  profesional, hace que el asbesto sea el enemigo silencioso del ser humano y del medio ambiente.
Effect of Yoga Breathing Exercises on Ventilatory Function
Authors: Banstola Dinesh
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Controlled breathing not only keeps your mind and body functioning at their best, it can also lower blood pressure, promote feelings of calm and relaxation and help you de-stress. Many experts encourage using the yoga breathing exercises as a means of increasing awareness, mindfulness and reducing anxiety. Over-worked, under-slept, and feeling pressure may impair breathing pattern. There are some yoga breathing exercise techniques that improve ventilator function.Objective: To assess the effect of yoga breathing exercises on their ventilatory function. Methods: Forty eight male and female students of 18 - 30 years were involved in the study of ventilatory function before and after yoga breathing exercise. Pulmonary function tests were performed with the subject sitting in a comfortable chair. Initial recording of tidal volume, inspiratory capacity, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, and timed vital capacity in one second were measured.Results: There was significant increase in inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity after yoga breathing exercise.Conclusion: Yoga breathing exercise improves ventilatory function. Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, page: 17-22
Family Health Exercise: Follow-up of an Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis Patient
Authors: Thapa Kavindra , Sharma D , Karki D , Sharma D , Gurung FK , Tanwar J , Pariyar L
Published: July 2017

During the third year of MBBS program, we had a course of family health exercise in community medicine. This course was designed to produce competent family physicians; to enable us to understand the social, cultural, psychological, gender and economical aspects of illness, the interactions of ill persons with different members of the family and community health service, role of family members and family environment in patient care. It helped us to understand the natural history of the disease and importance of patient follow up. We were able to differentiate the nature of the problems while seeing the patients in the family from the nature of the same problems when the patient is seen in clinic or hospital. Here we present a follow-up of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patient in our family health exercise during third year MBBS program.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 70-75
An Experience Of Executing Value Added Tax (Vat) In Pokhara
Authors: Sharma Devilal
Published: July 2017

Indirect taxes have a dominant role in the whole tax structure of developing countries like Nepal. VAT has been in operation for the last Eighteen years; still it is facing a number of challenges owing to poor administration, lack of good faith and honesty, rampant corruption, political instability, the problems of non-issuance of bill, narrow coverage, etc. For the improvement in effective VAT implementation, various areas including proper billing system, efficient tax administration, intensive billing enforcement, wide coverage, computerization, etc. VAT registrants are involving in VAT fraud. In this situation IRD has the various challenges to control the VAT evasion and implement the policy in effective and efficient way. The study is focused on the effectiveness of the VAT implementation of VAT collection policy in real field. Hence, its main objective is to analyze the effectiveness of the VAT implementation. For efficient implementation VAT officials have to perform effectively. The IRO Pokhara is working hard to collect more and more VAT so far as possible from its working area. Many taxpayer educations program in different places and compulsorily registration campaign to VAT program have been organized by IRO, Pokhara. The effectiveness of IRO, Pokhara and its officials seemed as satisfactory. With regard to fairness, friendliness with VAT registrants and overall effectiveness is at satisfactory level. Most of registrants are satisfied with the administrative mechanism of VAT in Nepal as well as with the availability of VAT document and information and its clarity. But in case of getting VAT refund in cash VAT registrant are not satisfied. Except in case of VAT refund in cash most satisfaction level of VAT registrants toward present VAT collection policy and practice seems to be at a satisfactory level. The market monitoring and investigation is the main tool that IRO, Pokhara is applying to control the VAT evasion. Similarly taxpayer education, current year audit and tax audit, billing enforcement, and e-base tax system are the other the major tools and techniques obtained by IRD to control the VAT evasion. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), page: 34-46
Qualitative Researches In Social Sciences
Authors: Upadhyay Prakash , KC Vikash Kumar
Published: July 2017

Qualitative social science research is fundamentally embedded in grounded theory concerned with how the social world is interpreted, realized, understood and experienced, or produced. Qualitative investigation seeks answers to their questions in the realistic world. They congregate what they see, hear and read from the people and places and from events and activities and their main purpose are to learn about some aspects of the social world and to generate new understandings that can be used by that social world. The main objective of this study is the interpretation of social world especially of cultures and people’s life-ways rather than seeking causal explanations for social-cultural practices. Nevertheless, in very rapidly changing information dominated globalized world, innovative traditions of the perception of emerging local and global contexts and realities need to be exposed and accepted as well as practiced in qualitative social science research. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), page: 54-61
पोखरेली उपन्यासका मूल प्रवृत्ति (Pokhreli Upanyaska Mul Pravriti)
Authors: पौडेल Poudel बिष्णु Bishnu प्रसाद Prasad
Published: July 2017

प्रस्तुत लेख जहाँ जन्मे पनि पोखरा उपत्यकालाई कर्मभूमि बनाएर बसेका नेपाली उपन्यास सर्जकका औपन्यासिक कृतिहरूमा केन्द्रित छ । पोखरेली उपन्यास लेखनको खास थालनी २०११ सालको ‘को अछुत ?’ उपन्यासबाट भएको हो । त्यसपछि २०६८ सालसम्म प्रकाशित २३ जना उपन्यासकारका जम्मा ३७ वटा उपन्यासहरूको प्रवृत्तिपरक विश्लेषण गरेर निष्कर्षका रूपमा पोखरेली उपन्यासका मुख्य उपलब्धि र भावी चुनौतीको सङ्केत यस अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा पहिलो पटक गरिएको छ । यसरी हेर्दा आधुनिक युग चेतनासँगै बढी फस्टाउने उपन्यास रचनाले पोखरामा पनि २०११ साल प्रवेश गरी ६ दशकसम्ममाक्रमशः सुधारवादी दृष्टिकोण, शृङ्गारिकता, राजनीतिक विद्रोह चेत, प्रयोगशीलता, वैचारिकता जस्ता विभिन्न प्रवृत्तिहरूको विकास गरी क्रमशः गुणात्मक फड्को मार्दै आएको त पाइन्छ तर यस्तो स्थिति सीमित पोखरेली उपन्यासकारका उपन्यासमा मात्रै छ । धेरैमा दृष्टिकोणको व्यापकता, कलाप्रतिको निष्ठा, ऐतिहासिक चेत सहितको थप मौलिकता, समसामयिकता, स्थानीयता, कथनको सघनता, साहित्यिकता र संरचनात्मक सौष्ठव जस्ता कुराको अभाव नै रहेको छ ।Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), Page:73-94
A Review on Pharmacological and Chemical Documentation of Euphorbia Hirta Linn (Asthama Herb)
Authors: Ansari Akhtar Alam , Khatun Tarannum , Ahmad Parwez Md , Gupta Ravi Shankar , Ansari Mukhtar , Madhikarmi Nirjala Laxmi
Published: July 2017

Ayurveda, an orthodox as well as main stream system of medicine has been with a source of new concepts and products for healthcare. Euphorbia hirta Linn. (EH) is an advantageously authenticated medicinal plant as observable from the literature. Rural and tribal people of India use different parts of this plant to surmount various diseases. Its use in traditional medicine has been assured on scientific basis by studying pharmacology of the plant in vitro and in vivo Information was collected from different data base resources.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 31-38
Role of DNA Fingerprinting in Disputed Paternity
Authors: Mishra Amarnath , Sathyan Sukumaran
Published: July 2017

The use of DNA fingerprinting in solving crime is proving to be as revolutionary as the introduction of fingerprint evidence in court more than a century ago. It has emerged as one of the most powerful tools available for solving many medical as well as legal complexities. DNA fingerprinting plays an important role in the establishment of the paternity of an individual. Most of cases regarding disputed paternity arise in the context of affiliation orders, divorce proceedings and questioned legitimacy, may also be used to find out paternity in cases of inheritance, guardianship, maintenance, legitimacy, adultery or fornication. The present work was done to solve the paternity dispute. MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 44-46
The interface between young adults' religious values and their sexual experiences before age 16
Authors: Garceau Camille , Ronis Scott T.
Published: July 2017

The interface between religious upbringing and sexuality has been examined extensively in previous research, demonstrating that religious doctrine affects sexual behaviour and identity in a multitude of ways (Dahl & Galliher, 2012; Rostosky, Wilcox, Wright, & Randall, 2004). However, because most of the evidence comes from quantitative survey research, it has been difficult to understand how individuals perceive the links between religious influences and their sexual experiences and identities. The current study used semi-structured, qualitative interviews with 50 Canadian university students who had reported engaging in sexual experiences before the age of 16 to broadly assess these early experiences. A prominent theme emerged in 13 participants' interviews regarding how religious values were perceived to play a role in their understanding of their sexual experiences before age 16. These participants generally reported experiencing emotions, such as guilt and fear, as a result of discrepancies between religious values and their own sexual experiences. Our findings also illustrate how participants dealt with such discrepancies, namely by disengaging from their identified religions, incorporating certain teachings and rejecting others, or pursuing religion for support. Implications for how individuals should manage the interplay between religion and sexuality as well as for how professionals and caregivers should help address such discrepancies are discussed.
Clinical Study of Postmenopausal Bleeding
Authors: Rahman Shahnaz , Chowdhury TA , Nasreen Zinnat Ara , Shermin Shahana , Sultana Nahid , Nessa Maherun
Published: July 2017

Background: Women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) should be thoroughly evaluated. A thorough examination may help in the diagnosis of vulval, vaginal, cervical or pelvic pathology.Objective: This study was carried out to find the probable causes in patients presenting with postmenopausal bleeding.Materials and method: This observational study included 50 women with postmenopausal bleeding and was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorder (BIRDEM) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2004 to December 2004. Transvaginal ultrasonogram (TVS), diagnostic curettage and cervical biopsy were done and histopathology report was collected.Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.74 years (range 48-75 years), and the median age of menopause was 50 years. Among the patients 18 (36%) had only diabetes and 25 (50%) patients had both diabetes and hypertension. Nineteen patients (38%) were overweight, 5 patients (10%) were obese and 2 (4%) were morbidly obese. Per speculum examination revealed suspected cervical carcinoma in 5 cases (10%) and cervical polyp in 1 case (2%). The most common clinical finding was atrophy of the uterus and vagina in 26 patients (52%). TVS revealed endometrial thickness of 5mm or more in 17 cases (37.7%) and < 5mm in 26 cases (57.7%). Nine patients (18%) had carcinoma, 16 patients (32%) had benign pathology and 19 (38%) patients had endometrial atrophy on histology.Conclusion: A detailed history taking, thorough physical examination and relevant investigations can lead to a correct detection of cause of postmenopausal bleeding. Those who have normal adnexae and thin endometrium (endometrium <5mm) may not need endometrial biopsy.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 83-88
Retraction Notice for "Age Estimation from Ossification of Clavicle: A Comprehensive Review"
Authors: Rahman Md. Rezwanur
Published: July 2017

On 17th May 2017 the Editorial Board of Delta Medical College Journal agreed to retract the article 'Age Estimation from Ossification of Clavicle: A Comprehensive Review' published in Delta Medical College Journal, Vol.4(2) pages 89-96 (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v4i2.29381) as it was found to contain an extensive overlap of text sections from the following published article: 'Estimation of age from ossification of clavicle: A Comprehensive Review' published in the Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine, Vol.31(3) pages 277-284. http://medind.nic.in/jal/t09/i3/jalt09i3p277.pdf
Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion
Authors: Singhania Amit , Gupta Shipra Mital
Published: July 2017

Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles co-doped with Cu and Pt were applied as catalysts for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. These materials were prepared through solution combustion in order to obtain highly active and stable catalytic nanomaterials. This method allows Pt2+ and Cu2+ ions to dissolve into the ZrO2 lattice and thus creates oxygen vacancies due to lattice distortion and charge imbalance. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results showed Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles with a size of ca. 10 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra confirmed cubic structure and larger oxygen vacancies. The nanoparticles showed excellent activity for CO oxidation. The temperature T50 (the temperature at which 50% of CO are converted) was lowered by 175 °C in comparison to bare ZrO2. Further, they exhibited very high stability for CO reaction (time-on-stream ≈ 70 h). This is due to combined effect of smaller particle size, large oxygen vacancies, high specific surface area and better thermal stability of the Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles. The apparent activation energy for CO oxidation is found to be 45.6 kJ·mol−1. The CO conversion decreases with increase in gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and initial CO concentration.
2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) boosts as detergent-substitute the performance of ß-barrel hybrid catalyst for phenylacetylene polymerization
Authors: Kinzel Julia , Sauer Daniel F , Bocola Marco , Arlt Marcus , Mirzaei Garakani Tayebeh , Thiel Andreas , Beckerle Klaus , Polen Tino , Okuda Jun , Schwaneberg Ulrich
Published: July 2017

Covering hydrophobic regions with stabilization agents to solubilize purified transmembrane proteins is crucial for their application in aqueous media. The small molecule 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) was used to stabilize the transmembrane protein Ferric hydroxamate uptake protein component A (FhuA) utilized as host for the construction of a rhodium-based biohybrid catalyst. Unlike commonly used detergents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate or polyethylene polyethyleneglycol, MPD does not form micelles in solution. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the effect and position of stabilizing MPD molecules. The advantage of the amphiphilic MPD over micelle-forming detergents is demonstrated in the polymerization of phenylacetylene, showing a ten-fold increase in yield and increased molecular weights.
Magnetic Flux Cancellation as the Origin of Solar Quiet-region Pre-jet Minifilaments
Authors: Panesar Navdeep K. , Sterling Alphonse C. , Moore Ronald L.
Published: July 2017

We investigate the origin of 10 solar quiet-region pre-jet minifilaments, using EUV images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and magnetograms from the SDO Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). We recently found that quiet-region coronal jets are driven by minifilament eruptions, where those eruptions result from flux cancellation at the magnetic neutral line under the minifilament. Here, we study the longer-term origin of the pre-jet minifilaments themselves. We find that they result from flux cancellation between minority-polarity and majority-polarity flux patches. In each of 10 pre-jet regions, we find that opposite-polarity patches of magnetic flux converge and cancel, with a flux reduction of 10%–40% from before to after the minifilament appears. For our 10 events, the minifilaments exist for periods ranging from 1.5 hr to 2 days before erupting to make a jet. Apparently, the flux cancellation builds a highly sheared field that runs above and traces the neutral line, and the cool transition region plasma minifilament forms in this field and is suspended in it. We infer that the convergence of the opposite-polarity patches results in reconnection in the low corona that builds a magnetic arcade enveloping the minifilament in its core, and that the continuing flux cancellation at the neutral line finally destabilizes the minifilament field so that it erupts and drives the production of a coronal jet. Thus, our observations strongly support that quiet-region magnetic flux cancellation results in both the formation of the pre-jet minifilament and its jet-driving eruption.
Lopsidedness of Self-consistent Galaxies Caused by the External Field Effect of Clusters
Authors: Wu Xufen , Wang Yougang , Feix Martin , Zhao HongSheng
Published: July 2017

Adopting Schwarzschild’s orbit-superposition technique, we construct a series of self-consistent galaxy models, embedded in the external field of galaxy clusters in the framework of Milgrom’s MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). These models represent relatively massive ellipticals with a Hernquist radial profile at various distances from the cluster center. Using N-body simulations, we perform a first analysis of these models and their evolution. We find that self-gravitating axisymmetric density models, even under a weak external field, lose their symmetry by instability and generally evolve to triaxial configurations. A kinematic analysis suggests that the instability originates from both box and nonclassified orbits with low angular momentum. We also consider a self-consistent isolated system that is then placed in a strong external field and allowed to evolve freely. This model, just like the corresponding equilibrium model in the same external field, eventually settles to a triaxial equilibrium as well, but has a higher velocity radial anisotropy and is rounder. The presence of an external field in the MOND universe generically predicts some lopsidedness of galaxy shapes.
Joint Strong and Weak Lensing Analysis of the Massive Cluster Field J0850+3604
Authors: Wong Kenneth C. , Raney Catie , Keeton Charles R. , Umetsu Keiichi , Zabludoff Ann I. , Ammons S. Mark , French K. Decker
Published: July 2017

We present a combined strong and weak lensing analysis of the J085007.6+360428 (J0850) field, which contains the massive cluster Zwicky 1953. This field was selected for its high projected concentration of luminous red galaxies. Using Subaru/Suprime-Cam

imaging and MMT/Hectospec spectroscopy, we first perform a weak lensing shear analysis to constrain the mass distribution in this field, including the cluster at z = 0.3774 and a smaller foreground halo at z = 0.2713. We then add a strong lensing constraint from a multiply imaged galaxy in the imaging data with a photometric redshift of z ≈ 5.03. Unlike previous cluster-scale lens analyses, our technique accounts for the full three-dimensional mass structure in the beam, including galaxies along the line of sight. In contrast with past cluster analyses that used only lensed image positions as constraints, we use the full surface brightness distribution of the images. This method predicts that the source galaxy crosses a lensing caustic, such that one image is a highly magnified “fold arc” that could be used to probe the source galaxy’s structure at ultra-high spatial resolution (<30 pc). We calculate the mass of the primary cluster to be

with a concentration of

, consistent with the mass–concentration relation of massive clusters at a similar redshift. The large mass of this cluster makes J0850 an excellent field for leveraging lensing magnification to search for high-redshift galaxies, competitive with and complementary to that of well-studied clusters such as the HST Frontier Fields.
Use of the 1-Minute Preceptor Model as a Tool in Working With Nurses
Authors: Kowalski Karren
Published: July 2017

New graduates, newly hired nurses, and nurses transitioning to new specialties need thoughtful and thorough oversight during this process both to ensure acquisition of the required skill set and to become an integral part of the new area. Well-prepared preceptors who facilitate this education can decrease turnover and help to build a healthy work environment.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(8):345–346.
Structured Coaching Programs to Develop Staff
Authors: Dyess Susan MacLeod , Sherman Rose , Opalinski Andra , Eggenberger Terry
Published: July 2017

Health care environments are complex and chaotic, therein challenging patients and professionals to attain satisfaction, well-being, and exceptional outcomes. These chaotic environments increase the stress and burnout of professionals and reduce the likelihood of optimizing success in many dimensions. Coaching is evolving as a professional skill that may influence the optimization of the health care environment. This article reflects on three coaching programs: Gallup Strengths-Based Coaching, Dartmouth Microsystem Coaching, and Health and Wellness Nurse Coaching. Each approach is presented, processes and outcomes are considered, and implications for educators are offered. Continuing education departments may recognize various coaching approaches as opportunities to support staff professionals achieve not only the triple aim, but also the quadruple aim.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2017;48(8):373–378.
La vida en el Colegio de Doncellas Nobles de Toledo
Authors: Santos Vaquero Ángel
Published: July 2017

El Colegio de Doncellas Nobles de Toledo fue fundado por el cardenal Silíceo en 1551, destinado a formar a las mujeres como santas y cristianas esposas e instruidas amas de casa. Sólo serían admitidas aquellas niñas que pudiesen demostrar su ascendencia libre de sangre impura. Cuando se casasen recibirían una dote. A lo largo de los tiempos se realizaron a la institución muchas visitas de inspección que fueron tratando de poner orden en la relajación de la disciplina y desmadres producidos tanto en cuestiones administrativas, como económicas y de orden interno. Por fin el 20 de julio de 1988 se llegó a un acuerdo entre el Arzobispo de Toledo y Patrimonio Nacional. Por él se modificaron los Estatutos del Real Compatronato y se acordó convertir la institución en una residencia femenina.
La diócesis de Astorga, el padre Flórez y la epigrafía medieval
Authors: García Morilla Alejandro Celso
Published: July 2017

El estudio de la obra de los eruditos de los siglos XVI-XVIII es una de las actuales líneas de investigación del equipo del Corpus Inscriptionum Hispaniae Mediaevalium. Se trata de analizar el legado científico que estos especialistas aportaron como primera aproximación a las inscripciones medievales de España, donde es frecuente encontrar no pocos textos epigráficos. Hoy trabajamos sobre el Padre Flórez a través de una muestra concreta, aunque ciertamente representativa, como es la diócesis de Astorga, correspondiente al tomo XVI de su magna obra España Sagrada. Analizaremos su método de trabajo tratando de buscar las analogías entre éste y el actual método de la Epigrafía medieval en España. Para ello partiremos del propio concepto de inscripción que tiene nuestro erudito y del análisis de los 18 textos epigráficos que aparecen en el volumen.
Principles of Orthognathic Surgical Correction of Skeletal Anterior Open Bite
Authors: Naini Farhad B. , Gill Daljit S.
Published: July 2017

This article describes the principles of orthognathic surgical correction of skeletal anterior open bite (AOB), including a description of the aetiological factors involved in the development of predominantly skeletal AOBs, description of the presenting diagnostic features, the principles of treatment planning, orthodontic preparation, and postoperative requirements.
Envelope Approach to Degenerate Complex Monge–Ampère Equations on Compact Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Benelkourchi Slimane
Published: July 2017

We use the classical Perron envelope method to show a general existence theorem to degenerate complex Monge–Ampère type equations on compact Kähler manifolds.
Формулы следов для дискретного оператора Шрeдингера
Authors: Korotyaev Evgeny Leonidovich , Laptev Ari
Published: July 2017

Мы рассматриваем оператор Шрeдингера с комплексным убывающим потенциалом на решетке. Используя классические результаты из комплексного анализа, мы получаем формулы следов и, применяя их, получаем глобальные оценки всех нулей детерминанта Фредгольма через потенциал.
Cloud albedo changes in response to anthropogenic sulfate and non-sulfate aerosol forcings in CMIP5 models
Authors: Frey Lena , Bender Frida A.-M. , Svensson Gunilla
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The effects of different aerosol types on cloud albedo are analysed using the linear relation between total albedo and cloud fraction found on a monthly mean scale in regions of subtropical marine stratocumulus clouds and the influence of simulated aerosol variations on this relation. Model experiments from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) are used to separately study the responses to increases in sulfate, non-sulfate and all anthropogenic aerosols. A cloud brightening on the month-to-month scale due to variability in the background aerosol is found to dominate even in the cases where anthropogenic aerosols are added. The aerosol composition is of importance for this cloud brightening, that is thereby region dependent. There is indication that absorbing aerosols to some extent counteract the cloud brightening but scene darkening with increasing aerosol burden is generally not supported, even in regions where absorbing aerosols dominate. Month-to-month cloud albedo variability also confirms the importance of liquid water content for cloud albedo. Regional, monthly mean cloud albedo is found to increase with the addition of anthropogenic aerosols and more so with sulfate than non-sulfate. Changes in cloud albedo between experiments are related to changes in cloud water content as well as droplet size distribution changes, so that models with large increases in liquid water path and/or cloud droplet number show large cloud albedo increases with increasing aerosol. However, no clear relation between model sensitivities to aerosol variations on the month-to-month scale and changes in cloud albedo due to changed aerosol burden is found.
Bursty emission of whistler waves in association with plasmoid collision
Authors: Fujimoto Keizo
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A new mechanism to generate whistler waves in the course of collisionless magnetic reconnection is proposed. It is found that intense whistler emissions occur in association with plasmoid collisions. The key processes are strong perpendicular heating of the electrons through a secondary magnetic reconnection during plasmoid collision and the subsequent compression of the ambient magnetic field, leading to whistler instability due to the electron temperature anisotropy. The emissions have a bursty nature, completing in a short time within the ion timescales, as has often been observed in the Earth's magnetosphere. The whistler waves can accelerate the electrons in the parallel direction, contributing to the generation of high-energy electrons. The present study suggests that the bursty emission of whistler waves could be an indicator of plasmoid collisions and the associated particle energization during collisionless magnetic reconnection.
Los pueblos viriles y el yugo del caballero español. La virilidad como problema nacional en el regeneracionismo español (1890s-1910s)
Authors: Martykánová Darina
Published: July 2017

En la última década del siglo XIX, las élites españolas articularon un discurso de crisis y cambio que se conoce como el regeneracionismo. Postulaba la necesidad vital de transformar radicalmente la política y la sociedad española. El objetivo de los cambios propuestos era triunfar en la competencia internacional y el camino consistía, a grandes rasgos, en interiorizar las bondades de la “civilización moderna” fusionándolas con lo que se consideraban las virtudes tradicionales del carácter español, dejando de lado los rasgos negativos de ambos. En este sentido, el regeneracionismo se inscribía en un discurso transnacional de progreso y decadencia, fomentado por la expansión del nacionalismo y por la pugna por definir y encarnar los criterios de la civilización moderna. En este texto argumento que el discurso regeneracionista español planteó el problema nacional como un problema de virilidad y buscó soluciones a este mal en la recuperación de la hombría a través de la regeneración moral.
La génesis del Estado de las autonomías contemplada desde Estados Unidos
Authors: López Zapico Misael Arturo
Published: July 2017

El diseño de una nueva organización territorial del Estado fue uno de los principales elementos de fricción durante la transición a la democracia en España. Por este motivo, la génesis del actual Estado de las Autonomías fue contemplada con gran interés por el gobierno norteamericano. En Washington llegó a existir la preocupación de que una falta de acuerdo en esta materia pudiera llegar a hacer descarrilar todo el proceso democratizador. Junto a lo que acontecía en Cataluña, el principal foco de atención se fijó en el caso vasco dada la creciente actividad del terrorismo etarra en aquel periodo. A partir de los informes preparados por los servicios de inteligencia estadounidenses y las comunicaciones entre las legaciones norteamericanas en España y el Departamento de Estado, en este artículo se analizará cómo fueron evaluadas dichas demandas nacionalistas desde Estados Unidos y los debates generados en el seno del Ejecutivo.
Why Do College Students Cheat? A Structural Equation Modeling Validation of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: AL-Dossary Saeed Abdullah
Published: July 2017

Cheating on tests is a serious problem in education. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of a modified form of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict cheating behavior among a sample of Saudi university students. This study also sought to test the influence of cheating in high school on cheating in college within the framework of the TPB. Analyses were conducted on a sample of 322 undergraduate students using structural equation modeling. The results were consistent with the TPB model’s predictions. The TPB model explained a modest variance in cheating in college. When cheating in high school added to the model, the proportion of explained variance increased and cheating in high school was the best predictor of cheating in college. Although not hypothesized by the TPB, subjective norm had a direct effect on attitude.
Shifting Cultivation System of Indigenous Moronene as Forest Conservation on Local Wisdom Principles in Indonesia
Authors: Limba Rekson Solo , Lio Asrun , Husain Yasir Syam
Published: July 2017

This research is a case study conducted in the village of Indigenous Moronene Huka'ea - La'ea, Watu-Watu village Lantari Jaya sub-district, Bombana. The study followed a series of processes and stages of work in the agriculture system based on local wisdom of Moronene tribe, as one of the patterns of forest conservation. This study applied a "descriptive-qualitative", to describe the social and behavioral conditions of indigenous peoples in managing and utilizing forest resources around the neighborhood where they live. The results of this study indicate that the indigenous of Moronene form of traditional knowledge - local and skills to manage forests for agricultural fields, is quite effective in guaranteeing the sustainability of the forest around the area. One of the local wisdom related to forest management is ancestral policy to regulate the system of grouping the forest area into four zones, including: Inalahipue (rainforest), Inalahi Popalia (sacred forest), Inombo (production forest), and Lueno (forest /wildlife habitat). The practices of shifting cultivation occur in the Inombo forest areas from generation to generations of Moronene in the in the village as the main livelihood systems.
Relevance of Walking and Informal Activities in Urban Space: A Case of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania
Authors: Bahendwa Fortunatus
Published: July 2017

The design discourse mostly in developing world cities tends to commit walking as the concern for transportation purpose. This notion tends to dismiss walking as an extended conception of urban space and take it for granted which allow elements of informal walking fields to emerge. This orients walking in the lines of a mere ‘street sidewalk’ rather than an important element in enhancing urban space in terms of environmental quality, access and use of urban space and everyday life realities. The empirical study in Dar es Salaam show that the gap in walking provision seem to be filled by the informal actors in urban space struggling to create the informal walking spheres in which trading, vending, meeting and recreating take place. Such observations draw a lesson that such informal developed urban activities along the streets and the urban space have not been disassociated from walking. The paper recognizes the essence of such integration of walking with other activities in urban space. It is thus concluded that urban design discourse have to conceive walking, including its contextual elements, as integral component in the field of urban public space that connect with other urban functions rather than isolate it from them.
Barycentric Interpolation Collocation Method for the Nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries Burgers’ Equation
Authors: Liu Feifei , Liu Wei , Wang Yulan , Li Zhiyuan
Published: July 2017

The Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers (KdVB) equation plays an important role in both physics and applied mathematics,and it had been solved by many methods. In order to obtain more accurate numerical solutions, we introduce abarycentric interpolation collocation method (BICM) for solving the equation and obtain good results. Severalnumerical examples are selected to verify the high accuracy of the present method.
First results from an experiment excluding three sizes classes of herbivores from tundra vegetation in southern Yamal, Russia
Authors: Baubin Capucine , Ehrich Dorothée , Ravolainen Virve , Abdulmanova Svetlana Sokovina , Ektova Svetlana , Sokolova Natalya , Ims Rolf A. , Sokolov Aleksandr
Published: July 2017

Plant-herbivore relationships are important for the functioning of tundra ecosystems. Here, we report the first results from an exclosure experiment that, something very few studies have done, separated the impact of three sizes of herbivores (small, medium and large) on nine functional groups of plants in the low arctic tundra of the Yamal Peninsula (Russia). Herbivore faeces counts in the exclosures and pictures from automatic cameras proved that the experimental setup worked. The majority of plant groups did not respond to exclusion of herbivores, supporting our expectation that vegetation responses in tundra are generally too slow to be measured during one growing season. The plant groups with highest growth rates and palatability (forbs and grasses) increased their biomass in meadows associated to tall willow shrubs when reindeer were excluded. This result was expected based on studies from other arctic regions. Our results also suggested that willow meadows and forb tundra, which are focal habitat for herbivores, are resilient and have the capacity to increase their biomass over a short term. We expect this experiment to provide valuable information on how different plant functional types and habitats with different growing conditions and importance to herbivores respond to relaxed grazing pressure from a variety of tundra herbivores.