bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychologically informed oral health interventions in pregnancy and type 2 diabetes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Böhme Kristensen Camilla , Ide Mark , Forbes Angus , Asimakopoulou Koula
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Periodontal health is becoming a recognised component in managing gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is characterised as raised blood glucose levels first discovered in pregnancy and managed similarly to type 2 diabetes. Currently, the standard intervention for gestational diabetes in the UK entails dietary modifications and physical activity interventions. However, considering the literature discussed in this review, it is argued that oral health advice and support should also become an integrated part of gestational diabetes management.

Objective

The objective of this scoping review is to map out psychologically informed oral health interventions in pregnancy and type 2 diabetes. This will inform the development of a new behavioural intervention to promote oral health-related behaviours in women with gestational diabetes. As no literature exists on oral health interventions in gestational diabetes, it was deemed appropriate to synthesise the evidence on oral health interventions designed for pregnant women and individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methodology

The scoping review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. Studies including pregnant women and individuals with type 2 diabetes over 18 years of age will be included. Only studies including a psychologically informed oral health intervention will be considered. The authors will consider experimental and quasi-experimental research designs. The Ovid Interface including EMBASE, Medline, Global Health, APA PsychInfo, Health Management Information, Maternity, Infant Care Database and the Cochrane Library will be used as information sources. The planned searches will commence on the week of the 25 July 2022. Only articles in Danish and English will be considered. The study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews process. The data will be presented using narrative synthesis.

Ethics and dissemination

No ethical approval is needed for this review. The results will be published in a relevant scientific journal.
Study protocol for a phase II, double-blind, randomised controlled trial of cannabidiol (CBD) compared with placebo for reduction of brain neuroinflammation in adults with chronic low back pain
Authors: Pike Chelsea K , Kim Minhae , Schnitzer Kristina , Mercaldo Nathaniel , Edwards Robert , Napadow Vitaly , Zhang Yi , Morrissey Erin Janas , Alshelh Zeynab , Evins A Eden , Loggia Marco L , Gilman Jodi M
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Chronic pain is a debilitating medical problem that is difficult to treat. Neuroinflammatory pathways have emerged as a potential therapeutic target, as preclinical studies have demonstrated that glial cells and neuroglial interactions play a role in the establishment and maintenance of pain. Recently, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to demonstrate increased levels of 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) binding, a marker of glial activation, in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP). Cannabidiol (CBD) is a glial inhibitor in animal models, but studies have not assessed whether CBD reduces neuroinflammation in humans. The principal aim of this trial is to evaluate whether CBD, compared with placebo, affects neuroinflammation, as measured by TSPO levels.

Methods and analysis

This is a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial. Eighty adults (aged 18–75) with cLBP for >6 months will be randomised to either an FDA-approved CBD medication (Epidiolex) or matching placebo for 4 weeks using a dose-escalation design. All participants will undergo integrated PET/MRI at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment to evaluate neuroinflammation using [11C]PBR28, a second-generation radioligand for TSPO. Our primary hypothesis is that participants randomised to CBD will demonstrate larger reductions in thalamic [11C]PBR28 signal compared with those receiving placebo. We will also assess the effect of CBD on (1) [11C]PBR28 signal from limbic regions, which our prior work has linked to depressive symptoms and (2) striatal activation in response to a reward task. Additionally, we will evaluate self-report measures of cLBP intensity and bothersomeness, depression and quality of life at baseline and 4 weeks.

Ethics and dissemination

This protocol is approved by the Massachusetts General Brigham Human Research Committee (protocol number: 2021P002617) and FDA (IND number: 143861) and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT05066308; ClinicalTrials.gov.
Paediatric death after withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Francoeur Conall , Hornby Laura , Silva Amina , Scales Nathan B , Weiss Matthew , Dhanani Sonny
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The physiology of dying after withdrawal of life-sustaining measures (WLSM) is not well described in children. This lack of knowledge makes predicting the duration of the dying process difficult. For families, not knowing this process’s duration interferes with planning of rituals related to dying, travel for distant relatives and emotional strain during the wait for death. Time-to-death also impacts end-of-life care and determines whether a child will be eligible for donation after circulatory determination of death. This scoping review will summarise the current literature about what is known about the dying process in children after WLSM in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs).

Methods and analysis

This review will use Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Databases searched will include Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via EBM Reviews Ovid, Ovid PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science. Literature reporting on the physiology of dying process after WLSM, or tools that predict time of death in children after WLSM among children aged 0–18 years in PICUs worldwide will be considered. Literature describing the impact of prediction or timing of death after WLSM on families, healthcare workers and the organ donation process will also be included. Quantitative and qualitative studies will be evaluated. Two independent reviewers will screen references by title and abstract, and then by full text, and complete data extraction and analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

The review uses published data and does not require ethics review. Review results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
Proactive automatised lifestyle intervention (PAL) in general hospital patients: study protocol of a single-group trial
Authors: Freyer-Adam Jennis , Krolo Filipa , Tiede Anika , Goeze Christian , Sadewasser Kornelia , Spielmann Marie , Krause Kristian , John Ulrich
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The co-occurrence of health risk behaviours (HRBs, ie, tobacco smoking, at-risk alcohol use, insufficient physical activity and unhealthy diet) increases the risks of cancer, other chronic diseases and mortality more than additively; and applies to more than half of adult general populations. However, preventive measures that target all four HRBs and that reach the majority of the target populations, particularly those persons most in need and hard to reach are scarce. Electronic interventions may help to efficiently address multiple HRBs in healthcare patients. The aim is to investigate the acceptance of a proactive and brief electronic multiple behaviour change intervention among general hospital patients with regard to reach, retention, equity in reach and retention, satisfaction and changes in behaviour change motivation, HRBs and health.

Methods and analysis

A pre–post intervention study with four time points is conducted at a general hospital in Germany. All patients, aged 18–64 years, admitted to participating wards of five medical departments (internal medicine A and B, general surgery, trauma surgery, ear, nose and throat medicine) are systematically approached and invited to participate. Based on behaviour change theory and individual HRB profile, 175 participants receive individualised and motivation-enhancing computer-generated feedback at months 0, 1 and 3. Intervention reach and retention are determined by the proportion of participants among eligible patients and of participants who continue participation, respectively. Equity in reach and retention are measured with regard to school education and other sociodemographics. To investigate satisfaction with the intervention and subsequent changes, a 6-month follow-up is conducted. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regressions and latent growth modelling are applied.

Ethics and dissemination

The local ethics commission and data safety appointee approved the study procedures. Results will be disseminated via publication in international scientific journals and presentations on scientific conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT05365269.
Prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among primary healthcare providers in Belgium: a prospective cohort study with 12 months of follow-up
Authors: Adriaenssens Niels , Scholtes Beatrice , Bruyndonckx Robin , Van Ngoc Pauline , Verbakel Jan Yvan Jos , De Sutter An , Heytens Stefan , Van Den Bruel Ann , Desombere Isabelle , Van Damme Pierre , Goossens Herman , Buret Laetitia , Duysburgh Els , Coenen Samuel
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among primary healthcare providers (PHCPs).

Design

Prospective cohort study with 12 months of follow-up.

Setting

Primary care in Belgium.

Participants

Any general practitioner (GP) working in primary care in Belgium and any other PHCP from the same GP practice who physically manages (examines, tests, treats) patients were eligible. A convenience sample of 3648 eligible PHCPs from 2001 GP practices registered for this study (3044 and 604 to start in December 2020 and January 2021, respectively). 3390 PHCPs (92,9%) participated in their first testing time point (2820 and 565, respectively) and 2557 PHCPs (70,1%) in the last testing time point (December 2021).

Interventions

Participants were asked to perform a rapid serological test targeting IgM and IgG against the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 and to complete an online questionnaire at each of maximum eight testing time points.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The prevalence, incidence and longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 both after natural infection and after vaccination.

Results

Among all participants, 67% were women and 77% GPs. Median age was 43 years. The seroprevalence in December 2020 (before vaccination availability) was 15.1% (95% CI 13.5% to 16.6%), increased to 84.2% (95% CI 82.9% to 85.5%) in March 2021 (after vaccination availability) and reached 93.9% (95% CI 92.9% to 94.9%) in December 2021 (during booster vaccination availability and fourth (delta variant dominant) COVID-19 wave). Among not (yet) vaccinated participants the first monthly incidence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was estimated to be 2.91% (95% CI 1.80% to 4.01%). The longevity of antibodies is higher in PHCPs with self-reported COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions

This study confirms that occupational health measures provided sufficient protection when managing patients. High uptake of vaccination resulted in high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in PHCPs in Belgium. Longevity of antibodies was supported by booster vaccination and virus circulation.

Trial registration number

NCT04779424.
Reducing time to admission in emergency department patients: a cross-functional quality improvement project
Authors: Imhoff Bryan , Marshall Kenneth , Nazir Niaman , Pal Aroop , Parkhurst Melissa
Published: September 2022

Crowding and boarding are common issues facing emergency departments (EDs) in the USA. These issues have negative effects on efficiency, patient care, satisfaction and healthcare team well-being. Data from an audit of the admissions process at a large, urban, academic US ED demonstrated a lengthy process, exceeding national benchmarks in both length of stay and boarding of admitted patients.

We performed a pre–post study between July 2019 and July 2021 focused on the first step of the admission process at our institution, the time to bed request. All patients admitted to an internal medicine (IM) floor team from the ED were included in the study. The primary outcome was the time from decision to admit by the emergency medicine physician to placement of the bed request order by the IM physician. Quality improvement (QI) occurred in three phases: an initial preintervention process and electronic health record change to better capture admission times, a primary intervention focused on process change and provider education and a second intervention focused on improvements to provider communication.

During the study period, 25 183 patients were admitted to IM floor teams and met inclusion criteria. Prior to the primary intervention, the mean time from ED decision to admit to IM placement of the bed request order was 75.1 min. Postintervention, the mean time decreased to 39.7 min, a statistically significant improvement of 35.4 min (p value <0.0001).

This QI project demonstrates the ability of interventions to reduce the time to admission bed request order, a key step in the overall admission process and a contributor to boarding at our institution. In making process changes, the team also reduced provider handoffs and improved provider communication.
Asian perspectives on NAPCRG
Authors: Lee Eng Sing , Kaneko Makoto , Kusaba Tesshu
Published: September 2022

This is a short communication to reflect on experiences at North American Primary Care Research Group (NAPCRG) conference from the perspective of Asian family physicians. They feel that NAPCRG can play an important role to level up the skills and talents in countries with less-established primary care research capacity and capability. NAPCRG should not be restricted to networking functions for only North America, Europe and Oceania but should include Asia, South America and Africa. These international academic networks will strengthen primary care research in the world.
E-health as a sine qua non for modern healthcare
Authors: Knevel Rachel , Hügle Thomas
Published: September 2022

In each era we need to balance between being able to provide care with our “technical skill, scientific knowledge, and human understanding” (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 1950) to the individual patient and simultaneously ensure that our healthcare serves all. With the increasing demand of healthcare by an aging population and the lack of specialists, accessible healthcare within a reasonable time frame is not always guaranteed. E-health provides solutions for current situations where we do not meet our own aims of good healthcare, such as restrictions in access to care and a reduction in care availability by a reducing workforce. In addition, telemedicine offers opportunities to improve our healthcare beyond what is possible by in person visits. However, e-health is often viewed as an deficient version of healthcare of low quality. We disagree with this view. In this article we will discuss how to position e-health in the current situation of healthcare, given the continuing rapid development of digital technologies and the changing needs of healthcare professionals and patients. We will address the evolution of e-health towards connected and intelligent systems and the stakeholders perspective, aiming to open up the discussion on e-Health.
The effect of Escherichia coli ŽP strain with a conjugation-based colicin E7 delivery on growth performance, hematological, biochemical, and histological parameters, gut microbiota, and nonspecific immunity of broilers
Authors: Orlova E.G. , Maslennikova I.L. , Pospelova J.S. , Starčič Erjavec M. , Loginova N.P. , Troinich Y.N. , Kuznetsova M.V.
Published: September 2022

The  Escherichia coli ŽP strain (ŽP) was constructed based on the known probiotic  E. coli strain Nissle 1917. It was genetically modified to carry the colicin E7 synthesis gene encoding DNase on a conjugative plasmid and the colicin E7 immunity gene in the chromosome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily ŽP per oral administration (5 × 108 or 5 × 1010 CFU per bird) on the growth performance, hematological, biochemical, histological parameters, gut microbiota, and nonspecific immunity of the 4–24 days old broilers. The ŽP administration increased the abundance of genera Bacillus, Butyrivibrio, and Clostridium and did not influence the weight gain of 4–16 days old broilers. The biochemical parameters were within normal ranges for poultry in experimental and control groups. The ŽP administration had no effect on the erythrocyte numbers, hemoglobin and immunoglobulin Y concentrations, but significantly increased the serum lysozyme concentration, leukocyte numbers, and reactive oxygen species production by phagocytes compared with the control group. It did not cause inflammatory changes in intestinal mucosa, Peyer's patches, and spleen. Thus, the ŽP had no detrimental effects on broiler health and could be an efficient probiotic for the broiler colibacillosis prophylaxis.
AAC Sorel barley
Authors: Khanal Raja , Copley Tanya , ter Beek Sharon , Choo Thin Meiw
Published: September 2022

“AAC Sorel” is a spring, two-row, general-purpose barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) released by the Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. AAC Sorel is similar in yield to the check cultivars with very good lodging resistance and moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe). AAC Sorel is recommended for barley growing areas in eastern Canada.
Wilsonian renormalization group for a multitrace matrix model
Authors: Ydri Badis , Ahmim Rachid
Published: September 2022

The Wilsonian renormalization group approach to matrix models is outlined and applied to multitrace matrix models with an emphasis on the computation of the fixed points which could describe the phase structure of noncommutative scalar phi-four theory.
L-G Graphs and Voronoi Diagrams Based Recognition of Incomplete Objects Using the Standard Six-views: A First Study
Authors: Robbeloth Mike , Bourbakis Nikolaos
Published: September 2022

The research on recognition of single-multiple objects has significantly matured with many techniques and robust results. The probabilistic recognition of incomplete objects, however, remains an active field with challenging issues related to their degree of incompleteness and associated issues due to shadows, illumination and other visual characteristics. Object incompleteness here means that only a small portion of a known object is visible and not low-resolution or deformation of that object. The employment of various single machine-learning methodologies for accurate classification of the incomplete objects did not always provide a robust answer to all challenging issues or requires a very long training list of variations of each object. In this paper, we present the initial results using Local-Global (L-G) graphs and Voronoi (V) diagrams methodologies associated with machine learning to generate probabilistic matches of objects with varying degrees of incomplete views. The first results with limited use of synthesis of views are promising and have triggered an interest to continue the efforts for recognizing incomplete objects in a progressive way with synthesis of views of segmented regions that compose an object.
THE HYPER-WIENER INDICES OF VICSEK NETWORKS
Authors: CUI KEQIN , XI LIFENG
Published: September 2022

The hyper-Wiener index is an important topological invariant, which is based on the distance between two vertexes on a graph. This paper is concerned with the hyper-Wiener indices of Vicsek networks. Based on the method of finite pattern, we calculate the asymptotic formula of the hyper-Wiener indices of Vicsek networks.
NEWTON’S LAW OF COOLING WITH CAPUTO DERIVATIVE: CONSISTENT DIMENSIONALITY TO COMPARE WITH EXPERIMENTS
Authors: GODÍNEZ F. A. , ROSALES J. J. , ESPARZA-POSADAS M. F.
Published: September 2022

The dimensional homogeneity of different non-integer order versions of Newton’s law of cooling was studied. The Caputo derivative was considered for the analysis, as well as an auxiliary parameter [Formula: see text] with a time dimension. Usually, in the open literature this auxiliary parameter is arbitrarily defined by restricting its value or the range of values that it can take. In this investigation, many experimental data from different sources were collected and the most probable values of [Formula: see text] parameter and the parameter representing the non-integer order of derivatives were determined using the standard least-squares fitting technique. The results for the typical system in which an amount of hot water in a container is cooled by natural convection show that the order of the derivative takes values smaller but close to one, implying that the fractional behavior of the cooling curves deviates slightly from that perceived in the integer order solutions. It was also confirmed that the auxiliary parameter [Formula: see text] can be represented as the product between a real number n and the inverse of the cooling constant k of the classic model. Thus, the parameter [Formula: see text] can be interpreted as a kind of time constant, which can be considered reduced if [Formula: see text] and enlarged if [Formula: see text].
Malaysia and Northeast Asia: What Drives Small-State Forward Diplomacy?
Authors: KUIK CHENG-CHWEE , AHMAD ABDUL RAZAK , WONG AYMAN RASHDAN
Published: September 2022

This paper adopts a two-level model to explain Malaysia’s forward diplomacy toward the Northeast Asian states, the larger economies beyond its immediate neighborhood of Southeast Asia. We contend that while such structural conditions as power dynamics drive and constrain the smaller state’s agency toward the Northeast Asian nations, their effects are filtered by domestic politics, specifically the ruling elite’s pathways of legitimation. The findings highlight that while diplomacy is almost always motivated by the imperatives of immediate reality and identity, there is a different genre of driver, that of nurtured necessity. This paper illustrates how Malaysia’s outlook toward the Northeast Asian states—and its resulting active and anticipatory diplomacy—has been more “discovered” than determined and why such diplomacy has been driven more by the elite’s domestic political needs than the idiosyncrasies of its leaders.
Analysis of an avian influenza model with Allee effect and stochasticity
Authors: Geng Jing , Wang Yao , Liu Yu , Yang Ling , Yan Jie
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we investigate a two-dimensional avian influenza model with Allee effect and stochasticity. We first show that a unique global positive solution always exists to the stochastic system for any positive initial value. Then, under certain conditions, this solution is proved to be stochastically ultimately bounded. Furthermore, by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of stationary distribution with ergodicity. The conditions for the extinction of infected avian population are also analytically studied. These theoretical results are conformed by computational simulations. We numerically show that the environmental noise can bring different dynamical outcomes to the stochastic model. By scanning different noise intensities, we observe that large noise can cause extinction of infected avian population, which suggests the repression of noise on the spread of avian virus.
Pt supported on ZrSn1−xSrxO4−δ for catalytic liquid-phase oxidation of phenol
Authors: Nunotani Naoyoshi , Morita Kunimitsu , Imanaka Nobuhito
Published: September 2022

Novel Pt/ZrSn[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text]/SBA-16 (SBA-16: Santa Barbara Amorphous No. 16) catalysts were developed for liquid-phase phenol oxidation. As the promoter to accelerate phenol oxidation on Pt, a ZrSnO4 solid with an [Formula: see text]-PbO2-type structure was chosen because its interstitial open spaces are expected to facilitate phenol adsorption. Additionally, the redox reaction of Sn[Formula: see text] provides oxygen release and storage abilities, and the introduction of low-valent Sr[Formula: see text] ions into the ZrSnO4 lattice improves oxide ion migration via the generation of oxygen vacancies in the lattice structure. Among the samples prepared, the 9.0 wt.% Pt/8.1 wt.% Zr[Formula: see text]Sn[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]/SBA-16 catalyst showed the highest activity, resulting in a phenol removal percentage of up to 99.7% after 6 h of reaction at 80[Formula: see text]C under atmospheric pressure.
AIT Foundations of Structured Experience
Authors: Ruffini Giulio , Lopez-Sola Edmundo
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we present a unifying framework to study consciousness based on algorithmic information theory (AIT). We take as a premise that “there is experience” and focus on the requirements for structured experience ([Formula: see text]) — the spatial, temporal, and conceptual organization of our first-person experience of the world and of ourselves as agents in it. Our starting point is the insight that access to good models — succinct and accurate generative programs of world data — is crucial for homeostasis and survival. We hypothesize that the successful comparison of such models with data provides the structure to experience. Building on the concept of Kolmogorov complexity, we can associate the qualitative aspects of [Formula: see text] with the algorithmic features of the model, including its length, which reflects the structure discovered in the data. Moreover, a modeling system tracking structured data will display dimensionality reduction and criticality features that can be used empirically to quantify the structure of the program run by the agent. KT provides a consistent framework to define the concepts of life and agent and allows for the comparison between artificial agents and [Formula: see text]-reporting humans to provide an educated guess about agent experience. A first challenge is to show that a human agent has [Formula: see text] to the extent they run encompassing and compressive models tracking world data. For this, we propose to study the relation between the structure of neurophenomenological, physiological, and behavioral data. The second is to endow artificial agents with the means to discover good models and study their internal states and behavior. We relate the algorithmic framework to other theories of consciousness and discuss some of its epistemological, philosophical, and ethical aspects.
Hole Wall Stability Analysis of Long-Distance Pipeline Horizontal Directional Crossing
Authors: Guo Zhengwei , Chen Zezheng , Deng Yinjiang , Huang Tao , chen Taotao , Huang Jie , Wang Zhaohong
Published: September 2022

Trenchless technology is a new technique for laying, repairing, and replacing underground pipelines in recent years, but various field accidents are often caused by the failure of hole wall in the process of trenchless construction, which leads to trenchless engineering accidents. Stress and deformation around hole are calculated by theoretical calculation. The numerical calculation method is also used to research the stability of hole wall with different diameters, buried depth, and soil parameters, and the curves of stress and deformation are fitted. The results show that stress and deformation of hole wall increase with the increase of the diameter. Under the condition of shallow burial depth, stress and deformation increase with the increase of burial depth of hole. The stress and deformation are different with different Poisson’s ratio and elastic modulus. This research has a new understanding for the instability of hole wall caused by variations of external parameters, which has important guiding significance for the selection of construction parameters and trenchless path.
[Retracted] Population Economic Transfer Function Model Based on Genetic Tabu Search Algorithm
Authors: Wang Qian
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problem that the evaluation effect of the traditional analysis model of population economic transfer is not good, a population economic transfer function model based on the genetic tabu search algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the defects of the genetic algorithm are analyzed, and the tabu search algorithm is integrated into the genetic tabu search algorithm to obtain the genetic tabu search algorithm, which avoids the problems of premature convergence and low search efficiency. Secondly, the population migration algorithm is designed. On this basis, the design process of the population economic transfer function model is determined. Finally, the effectiveness of the model is verified by comparative experiments. The experimental results show that when the population area is 50 km2 and 500 km2, the evaluation accuracy of the proposed method is 99% and 97%, respectively, which can avoid falling into a local maximum advantage to a certain extent.
On
ψ
-Caputo Partial Hyperbolic Differential Equations with a Finite Delay
Authors: Abdo Mohammed S. , Zakarya Mohammed , Mahmoud Emad E. , Ali Saeed M. , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem
Published: September 2022

In this work, we are concerned with some qualitative analyses of fractional-order partial hyperbolic functional differential equations under the

ψ

-Caputo type. To be precise, we investigate the existence and uniqueness results based on the nonlinear alternative of the Leray-Schauder type and Banach contraction mapping. Moreover, we present two similar results to nonlocal problems. Then, the guarantee of the existence of solutions is shown by Ulam-Hyer’s stability. Two examples will be given to illustrate the abstract results. Eventually, some known results in the literature are extended.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Dual-Responsive Nanogel for Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Aminoleslami Darya , Porrang Sahar , Vahedi Parviz , Davaran Soodabeh
Published: September 2022

In this study, to reduce the side effects of anticancer drugs and also to increase the efficiency of current drug delivery systems, a pH and temperature-responsive polymeric nanogel was synthesized by copolymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam (VCL) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers (P(VCL-co-AA)) with a novel cross-linker, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), as a biocompatible and nontoxic component. The structural and physicochemical features of the P(VCL-co-AA) nanogel were characterized by FT-IR, DLS/Zeta potential, FE-SEM, and 1HNMR techniques. The results indicated that spherical polymeric nanogel was successfully synthesized with a 182 nm diameter. The results showed that the polymerization process continues with the opening of the carbon-carbon double bond of monomers, which was approved by C-C band removing located at 1600 cm-1. Doxorubicin (Dox) as a chemotherapeutic agent was loaded into the P(VCL-co-AA), whit a significant loading of Dox (83%), and the drug release profile was investigated in the physiological and cancerous site simulated conditions. P(VCL-co-AA) exhibited a pH and temperature-responsive behavior, with an enhanced release rate in the cancerous site condition. The biocompatibility and nontoxicity of P(VCL-co-AA) were approved by MTT assay on the normal human foreskin fibroblasts-2 (HFF-2) cell line. Also, Dox-loaded P(VCL-co-AA) had excellent toxic behavior on the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell line as model cancerous cells. Moreover, Dox-loaded P(VCL-co-AA) had higher toxicity in comparison with free Dox, which would be a vast advantage in reducing Dox side effects in the clinical cancer treatment applications.
Ontology-Based Relational Product Recommendation System
Authors: Alsobhi Aisha , Amare Ngiste
Published: September 2022

As online shopping has expanded, product recommendations on e-commerce websites have gained significance. Systems for recommending products use information about site navigation and user leave-over to suggest more products. Customers who use a product recommendation system choose better and find items more quickly. On e-commerce websites, collaborative and content-based filtering is used in product suggestion algorithms. Collaborative filtering is driven by user preference similarity and content-based filtering. While content-based filtering groups are related to products, collaboration groups are like-minded individuals. In collaborative filtering, users with similar user profiles are used during the proposal phase; in content-based filtering, users with similar product profiles are found and recommended. These techniques cannot deliver complex commodities and have slow start-up times and small element sets. Users can push the same product if they only like certain things, but they cannot recommend a new product or user who just joined the system because they are not a group member. These approaches cannot capture complex semantic relationships, making them inadequate for recommending complex products. Recent research has focused on incorporating the domain ontology into the proposition process to create a more precise and helpful suggestion. The relational qualities of the product are not covered in this study, only its category and features are. Actually, the ontology of the proposed product should be included in the suggestion system. Relational data is integrated into the recommendation engine in this study using domain ontologies. This was done to research books that people had recommended. Relational data from an online bookseller was used to test the proposed infrastructure.
Asymptomatic Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip with High-Virulence Pathogens: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Mazzucchelli Ruben A. , Meier Christoph , Achermann Yvonne , Wahl Peter
Published: September 2022

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) may be a life-threatening condition, particularly when caused by pathogens with high virulence, capable of developing secondary bloodstream infection. We report two cases of chronic PJI of the hip, one with Staphylococcus aureus in a 27-year-old female with severe anorexia, the other one with Staphylococcus lugdunensis in a 74-year-old female suffering from morbid obesity. Both infections did not cause relevant symptoms over time despite the absence of suppressive antibiotic treatment. To our knowledge, there are no similar cases described in the literature. While it remains difficult to recommend postponing treatment in such cases, this option may be an alternative to suppressive antibiotic therapy.
Research on English Vocabulary and Speech Corpus Recognition Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhen Wang
Published: September 2022

In order to investigate how to recognize English words and speech corpus, an English vocabulary and English speech recognition model based on deep learning algorithm was proposed. Through recommending key technical problems and solutions based on deep learning algorithm, how to realize the recognition of English vocabulary and speech corpus was investigated. In the research, the accuracy of the method on the English vocabulary and speech corpus recognition based on the deep learning algorithm increased 79% over the previous methods. Combined with the principle of the deep automatic encoder and deep learning algorithm, the research emphasis was on the effects of speech recognition framework for speech corpus. The speech recognition research based on the theory of deep learning not only had a theoretical guidance meaning but also had the use value in the practical application.
iTRAQ Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Different Expressed Proteins and Signal Pathways in Bakuchiol-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Gao Shu-Yan , Xu Deng-Qiu , Abulizi Abudumijiti , Maimaiti Youlidouzi , Aibai Silafu , Jiang Zhen-Zhou , Zhang Lu-Yong , Li Zhi-Jian
Published: September 2022

Bakuchiol (BAK) is an abundant natural compound. BAK has been reported to have several biological activities such as anticancer, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and prevention of bone loss. However, it causes hepatotoxicity, the mechanism of which is not known. In this study, we explored the mechanism of BAK hepatotoxicity by treating rats with 52.5 mg/kg and 262.5 mg/kg of BAK, administered continuously for 6 weeks. We examined the liver pathology and biochemical composition of bile to determine toxicity. Mechanisms of BAK hepatotoxicity were analyzed based on relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) protein equivalent signatures and validated in vitro using LO2 cells. iTRAQ analysis revealed 281 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in liver tissue of the BAK-treated group, of which 215 were upregulated, and 66 were downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that bile secretion, lipid metabolism, and cytochrome P450 signaling pathways were enriched in DEPs. Among them, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7a1) were closely associated with the development and progression of BAK-induced hepatic metabolic dysfunction and abnormal bile metabolism. This study shows that BAK can induce hepatotoxicity through multiple signaling pathways.
CTE Solvability, Nonlocal Symmetry, and Interaction Solutions of Coupled Integrable Dispersionless System
Authors: Yu Jun , Ren Bo , Liu Ping , Zhou Jia-Li
Published: September 2022

The consistent tanh expansion (CTE) method is successfully applied to the coupled integrable dispersionless (CID) system. A nonauto‐Bäcklund transformation (BT) theorem includes two fields f and v1 is obtained by using the CTE method. One obtains the consistent condition in the nonauto‐BT theorem by means of the relation between the fields f and v1. The CID system possesses the CTE solvability property by some detailed analysis. Many interactions between one soliton and multiple resonant solitons, and between one soliton and cnoidal waves are generated by using the nonauto‐BT theorem. The types of bright and gray two front waves are shown by some figures. In the meanwhile, the nonlocal symmetry is obtained by the truncated Painlevé method and the Möbious invariant form. The initial value problem and an auto‐BT are constructed by the localization procedure.
A Novel Approach for Sustainable Supply Chain Management with Analyzing the Effective Governance under Fuzzy Uncertainty
Authors: Chien FengSheng , Sipahi Döngül Esra , Vural Uygun Serdar , Ahmadi Ali
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, knowledge has become one of the most important tools of power, distributing public services that accept the audience as citizens and not consumers and provide the principle of services without financial worries. Moreover, the urban products have a specific production and distribution channel that should be assessed. In this research, a mathematical framework is proposed for designing the supply chain network of urban products. The main contribution of this research is to incorporate the effect of public service into urban products’ supply chain planning. In this regard, a mixed‐integer mathematical model is proposed. In this mathematical model, an attempt is made to minimize the costs of the product distribution system by considering the effects of production, maintenance, and distribution. Moreover, fuzzy uncertainty has been applied to adapt the mathematical model to real conditions. The numerical results show that if manufacturers and distributors want to strengthen their institutions and maintain their leadership roles as in the past, they can optimize their distribution network structure to achieve the best possible performance. Moreover, technological advances and innovations in production and distribution systems can create a huge leap in profitability.
Performance Analysis of Chopped Fiber Composite Meta-Nano-Aramid IP for Transformer Bushings and to Analyze Environmental Impact
Authors: Liu Bowen , Lv Fangcheng , Xie Qing , Fan Xiaozhou
Published: September 2022

To study the effect of nano-SiO2 doping content on the properties of chopped fiber composite meta-nano-aramid insulating paper (IP) for transformer bushings, the laboratory-prepared chopped fiber composite meta-nano-aramid IP with different nano-SiO2 doping content is analyzed to assess its impact on the environment. The study has been carried out by considering crystallographic properties and morphology of chopped fiber composite meta-nano-aramid fiber, the influence-mechanism of nano-SiO2 doping content on the mechanical properties, the thermal stability and insulating properties of aramid paper. The experimental results show that the appropriate graft modification of nano-SiO2 enhances the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the meta-aramid (MA) insulating paper. It also shows lesser carbon emissions. When the results are compared with SiO2 without grafted silane coupling agent, SiO2 with a surface graft ratio of 6%, the former method (SiO2 without grafted silane coupling agent) shows a greater increase in the glass transition temperature of the MAIP. At the same time, it shows weakened molecular weight in terms of MSD. The proposed method shows more prominence in terms of the chain kinematic ability, the resistance to deformation, and shearing in terms of mechanical properties. When SiO2 with the graft ratio of 12% is observed, it does not show any improvement, and also the effects on thermal stability and mechanical properties of IP are not significant which is similar to grafting. After hot pressing at 245°C, 30 MPa for 5 min, the breakdown strength, and volume resistivity can reach as high as 37 kV/mm and 1.34 × 1015 Ω·cm respectively. The proposed method shows a significant environmental impact in terms of less emission of CO and CO2.
Managing Cancer Drug Resistance from the Perspective of Inflammation
Authors: Lu Shuaijun , Li Yang , Zhu Changling , Wang Weihua , Zhou Yuping
Published: September 2022

The development of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy is a major obstacle to the effective treatment of human malignant tumors. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that inflammation is closely related to cancer and plays a key role in the development of both solid and liquid tumors. Therefore, targeting inflammation and the molecules involved in the inflammatory process may be a good strategy for treating drug-resistant tumors. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation in regulating anticancer drug resistance by modulating drug action and drug-mediated cell death pathways. Inflammation alters the effectiveness of drugs through modulation of the expression of multidrug efflux transporters (e.g., ABCG2, ABCB1, and ABCC1) and drug-metabolizing enzymes (e.g., CYP1A2 and CYP3A4). In addition, inflammation can protect cancer cells from drug-mediated cell death by regulating DNA damage repair, downstream adaptive response (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, and oncogenic bypass signaling), and tumor microenvironment. Intriguingly, manipulating inflammation may affect drug resistance through various molecular mechanisms validated by in vitro/in vivo models. In this review, we aim to summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms that inflammation participates in cancer drug resistance and discuss the potential clinical strategies targeting inflammation to overcome drug resistance.
Jatrorrhizine Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating the Intestinal Barrier Function and Inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Niu Shengqi , Jing Manyi , Wen Jianxia , Wei Shizhang , Li Haotian , Li Xing , Ma Xiao , Zhao Yanling
Published: September 2022

Background. Ulcerative colitis (UC), a kind of autoimmune disease with unknown etiology, has been troubling human physical and mental health. Jatrorrhizine (Jat) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Coptis Chinensis, which has been proved to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. Purpose. The purpose is to explore the therapeutic effect of Jat on DSS-induced UC and the mechanism of action. Study Design. The UC mice model was induced by 3% DSS in drinking water. The mice were orally administered with Jat (40, 80, 160 mg/kg) for 10 days. Methods. The changes in body weight, colon length, spleen wet weight index, disease activity index (DAI), colonic histopathology, and inflammatory factors of serum and colon tissue were analyzed to evaluate the severity of colitis mice. The colon mucus secretion capacity was analyzed by Alcian blue periodic acid Schiff (AB-PAS) staining. Furthermore, protein expressions such as TLR4, MyD88, p–NF–κB-p65, NF-κB-p65, COX-2, ZO-1, and Occludin were detected to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Jat on DSS-induced colitis model. Results. The results showed that Jat could significantly alleviate the symptoms, colon shortening, spleen index, and histological damage and restore the body weight in DSS-induced colitis mice. Jat also suppressed the levels of inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, Jat repaired the intestinal barrier function by upregulating the level of colonic tight junction (TJ) proteins and enhancing the secretion of mucin produced by goblet cells. Furthermore, Jat could significantly suppress the expression of TLR4, MyD88, p–NF–κB-p65/NF-κB-p65, and COX-2 in colon tissue. Conclusion. The results suggested that Jat plays a protective role in DSS-induced colitis by regulating the intestinal barrier function and inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. This study, for the first time, demonstrates the therapeutic and protective effects of Jat on UC.
Exploring Potential Biomarkers, Ferroptosis Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Targets Associated with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Su Wenxing , Huang Biao , Zhang Qingyi , Han Wei , An Lu , Guan Yi , Ji Jiang , Yu Daojiang
Published: September 2022

Background. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC). However, the unclear pathogenesis of cSCC limits the application of molecular targeted therapy. Methods. Three microarray datasets (GSE2503, GSE45164, and GSE66359) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). After identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tumor and nontumor tissues, five kinds of analyses, namely, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, hub gene selection, TF-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network analysis, and ferroptosis mechanism, were performed. Results. A total of 146 DEGs were identified with significant differences, including 113 upregulated genes and 33 downregulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included microtubule-based movement, ATP binding, cell cycle, P53 signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis, and PLK1 signaling events. Nine hub genes were identified (CDK1, AURKA, RRM2, CENPE, CCNB1, KIAA0101, ZWINT, TOP2A, and ASPM). Finally, RRM2, AURKA, and SAT1 were identified as significant ferroptosis-related genes in cSCC. The differential expression of these genes has been verified in two other independent datasets. Conclusions. By integrated bioinformatic analysis, the hub genes identified in this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis and progression of cSCC and are expected to become future biomarkers or therapeutic targets.