bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A data process of human knee joint kinematics obtained by motion-capture measurement
Authors: Wang Jian-ping , Wang Shi-hua , Wang Yan-qing , Hu Hai , Yu Jin-wei , Zhao Xuan , Liu Jin-lai , Chen Xu , Li Yu
Published: December 2020

Background: The motion capture has been used as the usual method for measuring movement parameters of human, and most of the measuring data are obtained by partial manual process based on commercial software. A data process was developed for kinematics data obtain by programming on MATLAB software in this paper. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data process. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and climbing stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As followed, the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in squatting was 30.5 degrees, and the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs was 14 degrees, etc. The results of this paper also were respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, and the results were basically consistent, thus the reliability of our research method was verified. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method programmed in MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provided a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.
A Genomic Census of the Chicken Gut Microbiome using Metagenomics and Culture
Authors: Gilroy Rachel , Ravi Anuradha , Getino Maria , Pursley Isabella , Horton Daniel , Alikhan Nabil-Fareed , Baker David , Gharbi Karim , Hall Neil , Watson Mick , Adriaenssens Evelien M. , Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer , Jarju Sheikh , Secka Arss , Antonio Martin , Oren Aharon , Chaudhuri Roy , Ragione Roberto La , Hildebrand Falk , Pallen Mark
Published: December 2020

Background. The chicken is the most abundant food animal in the world. However, despite its importance, the chicken gut microbiome remains largely undefined. Here, we exploit culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches to deliver a genomic census of this complex microbial community. Results. We performed metagenomic sequencing of fifty chicken faecal samples from two breeds and analysed these, alongside all (n=582) relevant publicly available chicken metagenomes, to cluster over 20 million non-redundant genes and to construct over 5,500 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes. In addition, we recovered nearly 600 bacteriophage genomes This represents the most comprehensive view of the chicken gut associated microbiome to date, encompassing dozens of novel candidate bacterial genera and hundreds of novel candidate species. To provide a stable, clear and memorable nomenclature for novel species, we devised a scalable combinatorial system for the creation of hundreds of well-formed Latin binomials. We cultured and genome-sequenced bacterial isolates from faeces, documenting thirty novel species, together with three species from the genus Escherichia, including the newly named species Escherichia whittamii.Conclusions. Our metagenomic and culture-based analyses provide new insights into the bacterial, archaeal and bacteriophage components of the chicken gut microbiome. The resulting datasets expand the known diversity of the chicken gut microbiome and provides a key resource for future high-resolution taxonomic and functional studies on the chicken gut microbiome.
The Activity of Daily Living (ADL) subgroups and Health impairment among Chinese elderly:A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yangchang , Xiong Yang , Yu Qiuhua , Shen Shisi , Chen Li , Lei Xun
Published: December 2020

Background: Disability in aged people became one of the major challenges in China due to the acceleration of population aging. Nevertheless, there were limited methods to appropriately discriminate the degree of combined basic activity of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). The present study explored an empirical typology of the activity of daily living (ADL) and its association with health status among the elderly in China.Methods: Data throughout the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was retrieved and Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify the subgroups of ADL for included elderly subjects. Multinomial regression was performed to detect the effect of identified characteristics with ADL subgroups, and the restricted cubic spine was drawn to show the changes in the relationship between age-specific ADL disability and BMI.Results: The overall participants (n=8108) were divided into three ADL classes by LPA - ‘no BADL limitation-no IADL limitation’ (Class one, n=6062, 75%), ‘no BADL limitation- IADL impairment’ (Class two, n=1526, 19%), and ‘BADL impairment- IADL impairment’ (Class three, n=520, 6%). Compared with the participants in Class one, the oldest-old, living without spouse, lacking of exercise, short in social activities, having experience of falls, having comorbidity of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, decreased cognitive function, depression symptom were highly associated with Class two and Class three. Additionally, malnutrition and asthma were associated with combined BADL/IADL impairment (Class three), while illiteracy was only associated with IADL impairment (Class two). Furthermore, a statistically significant U-shape association was detected between age and BADL/IADL disability (Class three vs. Class two) as well as BMI and BADL/IADL disability (Class three vs. Class one). The elderly aged 80-90 with IADL impairment were less likely to evolve into combined BADL/IADL impairment, and the elderly who were underweight or obese may have higher risk of combined BADL/IADL impairment.Conclusion: A novel functional assessment was explored based on LPA, by which elderly people could be classified into three distinct classes of combined BADL/IADL. The predictors identified with particular IADL/BADL classes could draw early attention to the onset of functional disability and enlighten targeted interventions to address consequent problems of aged people.
Tectonic Tremors in the Northern Mexican Subduction Zone Remotely Triggered by the 2017 Mw8.2 Tehuantepec Earthquake
Authors: Miyazawa Masatoshi , Santoyo Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2020

Surface waves from the 2017 Mw8.2 Tehuantepec earthquake remotely triggered tectonic tremors in the Jalisco region, approximately 1000 km WNW in the northern Mexican subduction zone. This is the first observation of tremor triggering in this region and one of the largest known examples of a triggered tremor in the world. Although prior studies have found tectonic tremors triggered by teleseismic waves in subduction zones and plate boundaries, further investigation of tremor triggering is crucially important for understanding the causative mechanism. We calculate the stress and strain changes across the three-dimensional plate interface attributable to seismic waves from the earthquake by full wavefield simulation. The maximum magnitude of the dynamic strain tensor eigenvalues on the plate interface, where tremors likely occur, is approximately 10 -6 . The subducting slab geometry effectively amplifies triggering waves. The triggering Coulomb failure stress changes resolved for a thrust fault plane consistent with the geometry are estimated to be approximately 10-40 kPa. The relationship between the triggering stress and triggered tremor amplitude may indicate that the [[EQUATION]] of the rate-state-dependent friction law is 10 to 100 kPa.
Single Minute Exchange Die Approach for Optimising Setup Time in Labelling Printing Company
Authors: Abd Suki Nur Syazwani , Abu Bakar Elmi , Ansari Emaad Iftekar , Akhtar Mohammad Nishat
Published: December 2020

The concept of “make-to-order” (MTO) type companies is to produce the products just-in-time and improve the customer satisfaction. These types of company produce a high variety with low volume requiring a frequent setup operation. The shorter setup time will reduce the manufacturing lead time and hence increase the productivity. Unfortunately, most of the MTO type companies suffer with high setup time. Thus, single minute exchange die (SMED) concept is developed which consist of four stages: internal and external setup are not distinguished, separating internal and external setup, converting internal into external setup and streamlining all aspects of the setup operations. The main objective of using SMED concept is to accomplish setup time in less than 10 min. In this case study, the SMED concept being applied to convert internal setup to external setup which involves the activities of ink preparation and test printing. In the stage three of SMED concept, feasible solutions has been applied to fulfilled the objective. The result of implementing SMED concept in MTO type companies is the improvement in the productivity and reduction in the setup time. The improvement of productivity for this case study was 29.15%.
Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at highP-T
Authors: Wang Siheng , Cai Nao , Qi Xintong , Chen Sibo , Li Baosheng
Published: December 2020

Sound velocities of iron and iron-based alloys at high pressure and high temperature are crucial for understanding the composition and structure of Earth’s and other telluric planetary cores. In this study, we performed ultrasonic interferometric measurements of both compressional (νP) and shear (νS) velocities on a polycrystalline body-centered-cubic (bcc)-Fe90Ni10 up to 8 GPa and 773 K. The elastic moduli and their pressure and temperature derivatives are derived from least-square fits to third-order finite strain equations, yielding KS0 = 154.2(8) GPa, G0 = 73.2(2) GPa, KS0′ = 4.6(2), G0′ = 1.5(1), ∂KS/∂T = –0.028(1) GPa/K, and ∂G/∂T = –0.023(1) GPa/K. A comparison with literature data on bcc-Fe suggests that nickel not only decreases both P and S wave velocities but also weakens the temperature effects on the elastic moduli of Fe-Ni alloys.
Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar
Authors: Palke Aaron C. , Henling Lawrence M. , Ma Chi , Rossman George R. , Sun Ziyin , Renfro Nathan , Kampf Anthony R. , Thu Kyaw , Myo Nay , Wongrawang Patcharee , Weeramonkhonlert Vararut
Published: December 2020

A new mineral of the beryl group, johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, was recovered from the gem gravels in the Pein Pyit area of the Mogok region in Myanmar. Thus far, only a single crystal has been identified. It has dimensions of about 5.8 × 5.7 × 5.5 mm. This specimen has an irregular shape but still has discernible crystal form with geometric growth patterns observed on the crystal faces. The crystal of johnkoivulaite is grayish-violet in color and strongly pleochroic, going from nearly colorless with E┴c to dark bluish-violet with E||c. Johnkoivulaite has a Mohs hardness of about 7½ and a measured density of 3.01(10) g/cm3. It is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.607(1) and ε = 1.605(1) (white light). Electron microprobe analyses gave the empirical formula of (Cs0.85K0.10Na0.01)(Be1.88B1.12)(Mg1.66Fe0.27Mn0.01Al0.05) (Si5.98)O18 with Be calculated by stoichiometry and confirmed by LA-ICP-MS measurements. Johnkoivulaite is hexagonal, P6/mmc (no. 192) with a = 9.469(2), c = 9.033(2) Å, V = 701.5(3) Å3, and Z = 2. Johnkoivulaite is isostructural with beryl and exhibits partial substitution of B for Be at the distorted tetrahedral site, Mg for Al at the octahedral site, and Cs in the channel sites within the stacked Si6O18 rings. This substitution can be written as (CsMg2B)(☐Al2Be)–1. Johnkoivulaite, the seventh member of the beryl group, is named in honor of gemologist John Koivula in recognition of his contributions to mineralogy and gemology.
A influência das finanças pessoais na gestão financeira de microempresas Cariocas
Authors: Pereira da Silva Catarino Gabriela , Ribeiro dos Santos Liana , Silva Paulo Vitor Jordão da Gama
Published: December 2020

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das finanças pessoais do microempreendedor na gestão financeira em microempresas. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 96 donos de microempresas localizadas no Rio de Janeiro e que possuem mais de dois anos de funcionamento sob a mesma gestão.Utilizou-se de um questionário com perguntas fechadas a fim de cumprir o objetivo, esses foram analisados por meio da associação entre as duas variáveis qualitativas, competências em finanças pessoais e capacidade de gestão financeira, a partir de uma abordagem quantitativa. O trabalho se torna relevante na medida em que as empresas de menor porte no Brasil representaram 92% do total de empresas privadas. As microempresas com mais de 2 anos constituídos, em particular, apresentam uma taxa de falência de 45% a.a., em que a educação e capacitação são consideradas como fatores limitantes à abertura e manutenção de novos negócios. Foi possível notar que existe relação entre a gestão financeira pessoal e a gestão financeira das microempresas. Muitos não separam contas pessoais das contas das empresas, não possuem capacitação profissional, muitos dos que não fazem planejamento pessoal não tem / utilizam demonstrações financeiras. Foi notado também que os proprietários com dívidas pessoais também apresentam endividamento em seu negócio e os que não possuem investimentos pessoais também acabam não possuindo investimento em suas empresas. Entender como os microempreendedores no Rio de Janeiro lidam com a questão financeira pessoal x profissional pode auxiliar no aprimoramento de programas de desenvolvimento de novos negócios em diversas regiões.
Fuentes de financiamiento para el impulso del emprendimiento de los granjeros de Riohacha, Departamento de La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Daniel Gámez Pitre Rodrigo , Palma Cardoso Elizabeth , Jiménez -Pitre Iris
Published: December 2020

Las empresas tratan de sobrevivir a los diversos cambios económicos de la actualidad que se están generando a nivel global en todas las áreas, por ello con el objetivo de analizar las fuentes de financiamiento para el impulso de emprendimiento de los granjeros de Riohacha, en el departamento de la Guajira, Colombia, se realizó una investigación descriptiva y no experimental por medio de encuestas a 86 sujetos, asociados a cinco granjas de Riohacha; el instrumento empleado fue un cuestionario con respuestas de escala tipo Lickert con valoraciones ponderadas. Por medio del cuestionario se pretendió dar respuesta a los financiamientos a corto plazo, largo plazo, y a los costos de producción como dimensiones de la variable Fuentes de Financiamiento. Los resultados indican que las dimensiones y la variable estudiada presentan un nivel moderado de aplicación en las granjas estudiadas. Se evidencio que la Fuentes de Financiamiento de los granjeros en el municipio Riohacha se implementa con moderada atención, por cuanto que dichas empresas buscan obtener el equilibrio entre las necesidades, crecimiento y recursos financieros, mediante la adquisición de inversión, financiamiento, administración y control de los recursos. En función de los resultados y conclusión se proponen lineamientos que potenciaron el emprendimiento en este sector económico del departamento de la Guajira en Colombia.
Viaje a la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Authors: Reclus Élisée
Published: December 2020

Hace ciento setenta años, Élisée Reclus, entonces de veinticinco, tomó una goleta en Colón, Panamá, con destino a Cartagena. En algún lugar de la Sierra Nevada pensaba fundar una colonia agrícola y continuar las exploraciones geográficas. Concretó el proyecto colonizador en San Antonio, en inmediaciones del río Chiruá, luego de superar un naufragio en la desembocadura del Dibulla y al alto costo de contraer una fiebre infecciosa que lo mantuvo confinado, durante varias semanas, en una derruida casa de Dibulla. El proyecto empresarial fracasó antes de recoger el primer fruto, al desertar el socio, Jaime Chaistang, un francés algo mayor cuyo carácter irascible alejó a los trabajadores mestizos contratados y deterioró las relaciones con los indígenas aruacos, vecinos y proveedores de alimentos de la naciente colonia. Enfermo aún, sin capital y sin fuerzas, regresó en mula a Dibulla y por mar a Riohacha. Viaje a la Sierra Nevada, aparte de una aventura personal, ofrece de primera mano cuadros muy vívidos de las poblaciones y tipos humanos que Reclus trató una vez desembarcó en Cartagena: puerto recién salido de la peste del cólera. Sus observaciones sobre Barranquilla, Ciénaga, Santa Marta y Riohacha son citadas, una y otra vez, por los estudiosos regionales de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Los juicios sobre las posibilidades económicas de la Sierra Nevada y los conflictos detectados entre sus grupos humanos -indígenas, mestizos, negros, colonos blancos- mantienen sorprendente validez, aunque el macizo haya perdido buena parte de sus bondades naturales, sobre todo en la última media centuria de conflicto armado y narcotráfico. La lectura del libro sigue siendo contagiosa. El estilo aúna a las virtudes del naturalista, el franco espíritu narrativo del fabulador. Aunque fracasó como empresario, el optimismo abunda en las páginas del texto, escrito por un hombre agradecido de la experiencia vivida durante su estadía en la región. Respetuosos de sus ideas, fieles al ánimo tenaz de sus empresas intelectuales, cuesta aceptar que toda oportunidad esté perdida para las criaturas de esta parte del mundo: en cuyo porvenir de hombres y mujeres libres él creyó con los ojos bien abiertos. El suyo es un texto inspirador, rejuvenecido con cada lectura, que la Universidad del Magdalena relanza en momentos en que el país necesita retomar con marcha segura el camino.
Elucidating the Biological Activity of Fish-Derived Collagen and Gelatine Hydrolysates using Animal Cell Culture - A Review
Authors: Magtaan Jordan Kevin , Fitzpatrick Brian , Murphy Ronan
Published: December 2020

A large percentage of a fish's weight is generally discarded during fish processing. Reducing the
waste products of marine origin is a subject of great interest within the scientific community. Pelagic byproducts,
such as the structural protein collagen, which can be generated during the processing of fish, have
been proposed as an alternative to terrestrial, mammalian sources due to advantages including high availability
and low risk of zoonotic disease transmission. Gelatine has multiple possible applications, ranging from
nutraceutical applications to cosmetics and has the advantage of being generally regarded as safe. In this multidisciplinary
review, the chemistry of gelatine and its parent protein collagen, the chemical reactions to generate
their hydrolysates, and studies on their biological activities using animal cell culture are discussed.
Risk Models and Scores of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kostopoulos Georgios , Antza Christina , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Toulis Konstantinos A.
Published: December 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
(CVD), and patients with DM are at a two to four-fold higher cardiovascular risk, including myocardial infraction,
unstable angina, stroke, and heart failure. All of the above have arisen interest in CVD preventive strategies by
the use of non-invasive methods, such as risk scores. The most common approach is to consider DM as a CVD
equivalent and, therefore, to treat patients with DM in a similar way to those who required secondary CVD prevention.
However, this approach has been disputed as all patients with DM do not have the same risk for CVD,
and since other potentially important factors within the context of DM, such as DM duration, presence of albuminuria,
and comorbidities, should be taken into consideration. Thus, the second and third approach is the application
of risk models that were either developed initially for the general population or designed specifically
for patients with DM, respectively. This review summarizes the evidence and implications for clinical practice
regarding these scores. Up to date, several models that can be applied to the diabetic population have been proposed.
However, only a few meet the minimum requirement of adequate external validation. In addition, moderate
discrimination and poor calibration, which might lead to inaccurate risk estimations in populations with
different characteristics, have been reported. Therefore, future research is needed before recommending a specific
risk model for universal clinical practice in the management of diabetes.
Exosome Limitations in the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Skuratovskaia Daria , Vulf Maria , Khaziakhmatova Olga , Malashchenko Vladimir , Komar Aleksandra , Shunkin Egor , Gazatova Natalia , Litvinova Larisa
Published: December 2020

Background:

Despite the great interest and numerous studies, there is currently no unified standard
describing the sequential manipulation with cells to obtain exosomes for clinical use.The use of exosomes has
become an attractive alternative to cell therapy, since the flexible nature of these biological vesicles allows scientists
to manipulate their composition to produce the desired exosomes carrying specific drugs, RNA and proteins.
This study aimed to analyse scientific literature on the changes in the functional characteristics of exosomes,
depending on the method of manipulation, potentially contributing to the development of negative effects
in the treatment of diseases of inflammatory genesis.

Results:

The choice of isolation method affects the expressed sets of protein markers, nucleic acids and receptors
on microparticles. Various surface receptors present on the exosome membrane can be engineered to target
lesions. Exosomes from healthy patients help to reduce inflammation, normalize intercellular communication
and have anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects. Exosomes can change the microenvironment, but
the microenvironment can also change the composition of exosomes.

Conclusion:

Exosomes obtained from sick patients carry markers characteristic of the corresponding disease.
Such exosomes can have pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic, cytotoxic, and oncogenic properties, and disrupt cellular
cooperation. Until now, questions regarding the dose, reactions to repeated administration, and dosage regimes
have not been completely resolved.
Recent Advances in Hydrophobic Modification of Nanocellulose
Authors: Sun Lin , Zhang Xiaoyi , Liu Huayu , Liu Kun , Du Haishun , Kumar Amit , Sharma Gaurav , Si Chuanling
Published: December 2020

As a kind of renewable nanomaterial, nanocellulose displays excellent performances
and exhibits wide application potentials. In general, nanocellulose has strong hydrophilicity
due to the presence of abundant hydroxyl groups or the hydrophilic functional groups
introduced during the preparation process. Although these hydrophilic groups benefit the
nanocellulose with great application potential that is used in aqueous media (e.g., rheology
modifier, hydrogels), they do hinder the performance of nanocellulose used as reinforcing
agents for hydrophobic polymers and reduce the stability of the self-assembled nanostructure
(e.g., nanopaper, aerogel) in a high-humidity environment. Thus, this review aims to summarize
recent advances in the hydrophobic modification of nanocellulose, mainly in three aspects:
physical adsorption, surface chemical modification (e.g., silylation, alkanoylation, esterification),
and polymer graft copolymerization. In addition, the current limitations and future prospects of hydrophobic
modification of nanocellulose are proposed.
A Brief Introduction to Porphyrin Compounds used in Tumor Imaging and Therapies
Authors: Pan Lili , Ma Yu , Wu Xiaoai , Cai Huawei , Qin Feng , Wu Haoxing , Li Yun Chun , Jia Zhiyun
Published: December 2020

As a group of heterocyclic macrocycle organic natural compounds occurring universally in
animal tissues and plants, porphyrins are composed of four modified pyrrole subunits. Porphyrin analogues/
derivatives possess multiple biochemical properties because of their unique structures and have
been extensively investigated in cancer treatment. Studies have shown that porphyrins and their derivatives
have the ability to locate tumor cells in a variety of human cancers, and these compounds not
only exhibit potent therapeutic effects as photodynamic agents but also show promising properties in
medicinal imaging, such as MRI, photoacoustic imaging, fluorescence imaging, and PET/SPECT imaging.
This paper reviews the recent reports of porphyrin derivatives as therapeutic agents used in tumor
therapies, such as sonodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy, as well as the
imaging agents for multimodality tumor imaging. The limitations of porphyrin-based compounds in
tumor treatments and future prospects are also summarized.
Dosage Regimen Formulation and Therapeutic Effect Evaluation of Cyadox Nanosuspension Against Dairy Cow Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yue Tingting , Xie Shuyu , Meng Kuiyu , Liu Shenhe , Pan Yuanhu , Qu Wei , Liu ZhenLi , Chen Dongmei
Published: December 2020

Aims:

In this study, the dosage regimen establishment of cyadox nanosuspension
against dairy cow mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was used as example to
provide a general reference for the other novel nanocrystal preparations.

Methods:

The effect of cyadox against S. aureus isolates from dairy cows were firstly estimated
and then the dosing regimen of nanosuspension after intramammary administration was optimized
according to the model of ex vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD). The therapeutic
efficacy of the predicted dosage regimen was evaluated.

Results:

The results demonstrated that cyadox has a concentration-dependent effect on S. aureus.
The smallest and highest values of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against 80 isolates
was 8 and 64 μg/mL, respectively. The corresponding MIC 50 and MIC 90 was 16 and 32 μg/mL,
respectively. The MIC against the pathogenic S. aureus SAHZ156001 in broth and milk were 16
and 32 μg/mL, respectively. The AUC 0-last and C max of cyadox in milk were 4442.877
μg*h/mL and 753.052 μg/mL, respectively. According to the inhibitory sigmoid E max modeling
and dosage equation, the daily doses were predicted 1.6, 6.6, and 12.2 mL/gland to achieve bacteriostatic,
bactericidal, and elimination effects. The dosage internal was daily administration for
continuous three days.

Conclusion:

The clinical experiment showed that the efficient rates were 100, 100, and 90.9%, and
the curative rates were 100, 81.8, and 63.6% in 12.2, 6.6 and 1.6 ml/gland groups, respectively. These
results showed that cyadox nanosuspension had a good prospect as intramammary infusion to
cure dairy cow mastitis infected by S. aureus. This study will be helpful for providing reference for
nanocrystal preparation dosage regimen formulation.
Trends in the Characterization Methods of Orodispersible Films
Authors: Khalid Garba M. , Selmin Francesca , Musazzi Umberto M. , Gennari Chiara G.M. , Minghetti Paola , Cilurzo Francesco
Published: December 2020

The recent increased interest in orodispersible films (ODF) stems from their ideal potential
to circumvent several pharmacotherapy-related problems, such as improved medication compliance
and adherence, especially in children, elderly and uncooperative patients. Their administration
is well accepted by the majority of patients because ODF dissolve upon contact with the saliva
in the oral cavity without the need for water intake. ODF application in personalized pharmacotherapy
is currently being exploited. Moreover, innovative preparation methods and characterization
technologies have been evolving in recent years, highlighting a promising future both from the technological
and clinical standpoints. However, the key obstacles to the attainment of full potential of
ODF in the pharmaceutical field is the lack of harmonized and well-defined quality characterization
procedures, standard evaluation parameters, guidance on appropriate final product properties
and specifications. This review provides an appraisal on the ODF characterization methods from
slurries to the finished medicinal products with a specific focus on the technologies suitable for
identification, quantification, and quality evaluation of extemporaneously prepared ODF on small
batches in individualized pharmacotherapy. Generally, there is a paradigm shift from the use of the
conventional quality evaluation tools and/or protocols for oral solid dosage forms to characterize
ODF to more specific equipment and procedures that suit the peculiarities of the ODF.
Proteomic Analysis of Aqueous Humor Proteins Associated with Neovascular Glaucoma Secondary to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Wang Ying , Xu Shaolin , Li Junyi , Yuan Fujie , Chen Yue , Liu Kelin
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Extensive retinal ischemia caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)
may develop into neovascular glaucoma (NVG). We searched for the proteins which might participate
in neovascularization through the analysis of aqueous humor (AH) proteomics in patients with
NVG secondary to PDR to increasing the understanding of the possible mechanism of neovascularization.

Methods:

We collected 12 samples (group A) of AH from patients with NVG secondary to PDR as
the experimental group and 7 samples (group B) of AH from patients with primary acute angle-closure
glaucoma (PAACG) & diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy (NDR) as the control
group. Differential quantitative proteome analysis of the aqueous humor samples was performed
based on the data-independent acquisition (DIA) method. The differentially expressed proteins
were functionally annotated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The important differentially expressed
proteins were validated in another group (group A: 5 samples and group B: 5 samples) by
parallel reaction monitor (PRM) approach.

Results:

A total of 636 AH proteins were identified, and 82 proteins were differentially expressed
between the two groups. Functional annotation showed that the differentially expressed proteins
were mainly associated with angiogenesis and cell migration. Signaling pathways analysis showed
that the proteins up-regulated in group A were mainly related to Liver X receptor/Retinoid X receptor
(LXR/RXR) activation and acute reaction.

Conclusions:

This study presented a pilot work related to NVG secondary to PDR, which provided
a better understanding of the mechanisms governing the pathophysiology of NVG.
A Useful Tool for the Identification of DNA-Binding Proteins Using Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Chen Dasheng , Wei Leyi
Published: December 2020

Background:

DNA and protein are important components of living organisms. DNA
binding protein is a helicase, which is a protein specifically responsible for binding to DNA single-
stranded regions. It is a necessary component for DNA replication, recombination and repair,
and plays a key role in the function of various biomolecules. Although there are already some classification
prediction methods for this protein, the use of graph neural networks for this work is still
limited.

Objective:

The classification of unknown protein sequences into the correct categories, subcategories
and families is important for biological sciences. In this article, using graph neural networks,
we developed a novel predictor GCN-DBP for protein classification prediction.

Methods:

Each protein sequence is treated as a document in this study, and then segment the words
according to the concept of k-mer, thereby, finally achieving the purpose of segmenting the document.
This research aims to use document word relationships and word co-occurrence as a corpus
to construct a text graph, and then learn protein sequence information by two-layer graph convolutional
networks.

Results:

Finally, we tested GCN-DBP on the independent data set PDB2272, and its accuracy
reached 64.17% and MCC was 28.32%. Moreover, in order to compare the proposed method with
other existing methods, we have conducted more experiments.

Conclusion:

The results show that the proposed method is superior to the other four methods and
will be a useful tool.
Beta Blockers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Sum of Evidence
Authors: Baou Katerina , Katsi Vasiliki , Makris Thomas , Tousoulis Dimitris
Published: December 2020

Approximately half a century has passed since the discovery of beta-blockers. Then,
their prime therapeutic purpose was to treat angina and cardiac arrhythmias; nowadays, beta-blockers’
usage and effectiveness are extended to treat other cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension,
congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease. Safety concerns were raised about beta-
blockers and their use for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with concurrent
cardiovascular disease. After thorough research of the literature, this review summarizes the
evidence proving that beta-blockers not only might be well tolerated in COPD patients, but they
might also have a beneficial effect in this group of patients.
New Therapies to Modulate Post-Infarction Inflammatory Alterations in the Myocardium: State of the Art and Forthcoming Applications
Authors: Clerc Olivier F. , Haaf Philip , Buechel Ronny R , Gaemperli Oliver , Zellweger Michael J.
Published: December 2020

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
AMI causes necrosis of cardiac cells and triggers a complex inflammatory response, affecting
infarct size, cardiac function and clinical outcomes. This inflammatory response can be divided
into 3 phases: 1) the pro-inflammatory phase, in which the release of damage-associated molecular
patterns from necrotic cells triggers the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and attracts immune
cells to clean the debris, further damaging viable myocardium, 2) the reparative phase, in
which anti-inflammatory signals activate immune-modulating cells and trigger the production of a
stable scar, 3) the maturation phase, in which inflammatory and fibrotic signals are suppressed, but
may persist, leading to left ventricular adverse remodelling. Thus, the inflammatory response is an
appealing therapeutic target to improve the outcomes of patients with AMI. Numerous anti-inflammatory
therapies have shown potential in animal models, but the translation to human trials exhibited
limited benefit. Glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs showed signals of
harm due to their non-specific effects. Other broad inhibitors, e.g., methotrexate, cyclosporine, or
colchicine, did not improve clinical outcomes as acute therapies for MI. Specific inhibitors of the
complement cascade, adhesion molecules, or inflammatory mediators were mostly disappointing in
humans. However, an interleukin-1 inhibitor (anakinra) and a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
(doxycycline) improved clinical outcomes in patients with AMI. Promising RNAse1, anti-toll-like
receptor 2 antibodies, and inflammasome inhibitors still need to be tested in humans. Finally, positive
results should be replicated in large clinical trials before they can be implemented into the standard
AMI therapy.
Review on Relative Navigation Methods of Space Vehicles
Authors: Erkec T.Y. , Hajiyev C.
Published: December 2020

This paper is devoted to understanding relative navigation models that are used for space
vehicles. The relative navigations models and approaches which are based on different systems
(Inertial Navigation Systems (INS)&Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) , Laser&INS, Vision-
Based, etc.) are compared. These models and approaches can be used individually or combined
for solving relative navigation problems. Advantages and disadvantages of the models vary according
to the usage area, platform type, and environment. Different methods and approaches exist
in addition to different estimation and optimization algorithms for adaptation, control, and sensor
fusion. Most of the models assume perfect attitude conditions. This study considers satellites' position
estimates according to each other within formation on the Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Also, the aim
of this article is to understand correlation between the relative navigation systems and the effectiveness
of the algorithms which are used for estimating states during constellation or formation flight.
Estudos Comparatistas e Cosmopolitismo. Pós-colonialidade, tradução, arte e género
Authors: De Sousa Sandra Isabel Cunha
Published: December 2020

A antologia Estudos Comparatistas e Cosmopolitismo. Pós-colonialidade, tradução, arte e género constitui o resultado de um trabalho de tradução coletivo de textos teórico-críticos sobre estudos comparados, do Grupo de Investigação em Género, Artes e Estudos Pós-Coloniais (GAPS), do Centro de Estudos Humanísticos da Universidade do Minho (CEHUM). Coordenado pela investigadora e coordenadora do grupo, Ana Gabriela Macedo, o volume de textos reunidos promove uma perspetiva ampla da evolução dos estudos comparados, mais concretamente da sua abertura para as áreas da pós-colonialidade, estudos de género e estudos de tradução.
Roland Barthes e o rumor da língua no Oriente
Authors: Brandini Laura Taddei
Published: December 2020

A proposta deste artigo é examinar um aspecto pouco estudado da obra do escritor francês Roland Barthes, a saber, suas relações com o Oriente, do ponto de vista de suas reflexões sobre a linguagem literária oriundas de suas experiências nos países do Magrebe, no Japão e na China. Para tal, examinaremos as noções de incidente e de signo vazio, criadas, respetivamente, com base em suas experiências no Marrocos e no Japão, para, em seguida, privilegiarmos as reflexões de Barthes incitadas pela China, país para onde viajou posteriormente. Do confronto entre duas conceções diferentes de Oriente, uma cunhada a partir de suas experiências no Marrocos e no Japão e a outra, a partir da China, emerge uma reflexão sobre a essência da linguagem, sob a forma do “rumor da língua”.
Música e poder em Confúcio e Mao Zedong
Authors: Silva Beatriz
Published: December 2020

Embora defensores de doutrinas distintas, Confúcio e Mao Zedong partilham entre si a ideia de música como elemento fundamental na moldagem do ethosdo ser humano e, por conseguinte, influenciador da atividade política, defendendo o seu controlo por parte dos governantes. Esta ideia não só se refletiu na produção musical propriamente dita, como também na instituição de organizações e práticas musicais que consolidaram o poder dos governos sobre a arte musical ao longo de vários períodos da história chinesa, com o objetivo último de alcançar a harmonia social.
Quem tramou Yoritomo-Tashi? Ser ou não ser
Authors: Pinto Marta Pacheco
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo oferece um estudo de caso centrado na receção, no início do século XX, de Yoritomo-Tashiem Portugal. Trata-se de um pretenso filósofo japonês, que foi dado a conhecer através do trabalho de edição de B. Dangennes, um dos pseudónimos de uma escritora francesa de livros de auto-ajuda, de nome verdadeiro Berthe Blanchard (18[-]–1940). Analisa-se a receção a partir dos paratextos das traduções portuguesas, entendidos como mecanismos de (re)enquadramento que contam diferentes histórias sobre um mesmo autor e os seus livros, os quais, em última análise, constroem o sistema literário e cultural a que Yoritomo-Tashi pertence. A primeira tradução a circular em português(europeu), pela mão de Bernardo de Alcobaça em 1912, e cujo paratexto sugere um (con)texto de partida japonês, será discutida como uma tradução assumida de um original (japonês) que não existe, ilustrando um caso de pseudo tradução indireta. As outras três adaptações existentes datam do final da década de 1920e foram produzidas por um agente diferente(A. Victor Machado), que parece estar a par de que Yoritomo-Tashié um pseudónimo, devolvendo gradualmente, por via do paratexto, Yoritomo-Tashi/Dangennes ao sistema literário francês. Os tradutores portugueses serão também questionados quanto à sua conivência como projeto de tradução fictícia de Dangennes/Blanchard.Mostrar-se-á em que medida esta conivência, conforme moldada pelo paratexto, influencia a efetiva pertença do trabalho de um autor ao sistema de tradução japonês-português, para além de funcionar como vestígio do exotismo patente na Europa do início do século XX.
Training for Virtual Exchange
Authors: Brighton Christopher
Published: December 2020

The article describes the training program introduced at East Carolina University (ECU) for the Global Understanding (GU) program and the Global Partners in Education (GPE) consortium. The aim of the training was to reinforce instructors’ intercultural skills and build on the well-known methodology of virtual exchange. Over one semester, the instructors attended face-to-face training sessions. These two-hour meetings focused on several pre-identified areas which needed increased instructor awareness: Cultural Intelligence (CQ), reflections, and classroom management, as well as teamwork and collaboration. The general outcomes of the training have seen an improvement in program delivery, classroom interaction, and student support. Additionally, the work in ECU highlights the need for intercultural training to be part of virtual exchange preparation alongside the well-known guides which provide instructors with the structure for conducting this type of modality. As is shown in this report, increased instructor awareness leads to more successful virtual exchange program delivery, pastoral support, and learner outcomes.
Veertig jaar universitaire filosofie in Nederland: van pluralisme naar 'normal philosophy'
Authors: Vintges Karen
Published: December 2020

Although for a long time, Dutch academic philosophy was characterized by a pluralism of – imported – philosophical frameworks and paradigms, in more recent decades, a type of ‘normal philosophy’, in the Kuhnian sense, has become dominant which aims to solve ethical and political problems and dilemmas through rational-normative argumentation. Contrary to what is often claimed, the new 'normal philosophy' amounts not to thinking ‘beyond the analytic-continental divide’ in a fruitful synthesis, but to the subsumption of continental philosophical themes and concepts under the analytic tradition. The potentially critical tenor of continental philosophy threatens to be ‘solved’ by this subsumption. ‘Normal philosophy’, with its emphasis on rational-normative argumentation, risks leading to a state philosophy that fits in with existing policy questions, ignoring systemic and structural power inequalities. I argue that the journal Krisis, in keeping with its original principles, should hang on to critical philosophical reflection, which today is needed more than ever, specifically – pace current right-wing and left-wing populist attacks on identity politics – on systemic, multiple forms of deprivation and oppression.
The Performative Power of Queer Assembly
Authors: Pérez Navarro Pablo
Published: December 2020

This paper addresses some relations between the spatial politics of queer assemblies in spaces of protest and the constitution of collective political subjects. It does so by exploring the spatial politics of queer activism within the global Occupy movements, in the light of Judith Butler’s work on the performative power of assembly and the ambivalences of the Foucauldian concept of heterotopia. Specific challenges faced by queer activists in various encampments will be addressed in order to expose some tensions between the constitutive exclusions inherent to the constitution of spaces of protest and the processes of coalition building needed to effectively overcome those very constitutive exclusions.
Krisis of het afscheid van de filosofie?
Authors: Boomkens René
Published: December 2020

The founders of Krisis saw their journal as part of Rudi Dutschke’s ‘long march through the institutions’: a philosophical journal that would criticize and change the practices and institutions of academic philosophy from within. Philosophy should play a critical and emancipatory role in society and in intellectual and public debates, and the journal could help to enhance that role. Academic philosophy did change, but in a rather different direction: new public management took over and submitted academic research and education to a new regime of entrepeneurial efficiency and disciplinary competition. To survive, Krisis metamorphosized several times and is now a broad bilingual online journal for intellectual debate and research with a loose relationship with academic philosophy. If it strengthens this identity, it can continue to play an intermediary role between academic research and public debate, in both directions
Art and Research: A Portrait of a Humanities Faculty as an Inclusive Workspace
Authors: Lerm Hayes Christa-Maria
Published: December 2020

At a time when monuments are falling, learning processes and discourses accelerating, it seems apposite to pay attention also to artworks commissioned by established institutions in order to give form to good intentions. This essay focuses on a commissioned portrait of female professors, on art (history) education, Dutch art policy / politics and the former colonial (VOC) site that the University of Amsterdam occupies, in order to aide this institution’s desired process to become more inclusive. It proposes Art(istic) Research as a realm that can contribute a differentiated and thoughtful positioning of research and universities in visual and public domains: a necessary ally.
Since the essay was written in Summer 2019 (with later additions), much has happened: the Faculty in question has been found to be the locus of ongoing sexual harassment. The student victims did not feel that the (internal) complaints procedures were safeguarding them sufficiently. They went to the media. The university’s ombudsperson asked to investigate found no systemic deficiencies. Since George Floyd’s death, such a conclusion is no longer possible, and the Board of the university has admitted shameful and systemic failures.[1] We now know better what “systemic” means.
This essay’s case study is meant to show that art (history) and philosophy can jointly analyze systems and organizations as a basis for necessary conversations, followed by a broad range of people taking responsibility and acting accordingly.
In Covid lock-down times, it became deceptively obvious how unimportant art is. Through an essay such as this (and the Faculty’s “art committee” that I established), it is hopefully also evident how art can be an indicator of institutional culture: e.g. in relation to how embedded the principle to consult specialists is, even if this seems to be unimportant. And that is a matter of life and death.
[1] https://www.folia.nl/actueel/138876/fred-weerman-en-geert-ten-dam-dit-is-ongehoord-beschamend
Randomized Mini-publics, Popular Will Formation and the Societal Conditions of Deliberative Learning Processes
Authors: Brunkhorst Hauke
Published: December 2020

This essay is part of a dossier on Cristina Lafont's book Democracy without Shortcuts.
Stuck. Or Why Democracy Can Be All Joy and No Fun
Authors: Pekelharing Pieter
Published: December 2020

This essay is part of a dossier on Cristina Lafont's book Democracy without Shortcuts.
Political Parties and ‘The Long Road of Participatory Deliberative Democracy’
Authors: Tinnevelt Ronald
Published: December 2020

This essay is part of a dossier on Cristina Lafont's book Democracy without Shortcuts.