bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of gynecological morbidity in girls suffering from chronic decompensated extragenital diseases
Authors: Zernyuk Anastasiya Dmitrievna , Gurkin Yuriy Aleksandrovich , Polikarpova Alena Yur’yevna , Medvedeva Irina Vadimovna , Atamova El’nara Maisovna
Published: February 2016

In recent years the Russian Federation among the causes of maternal mortality extragenital diseases occupy the first place (37.7 % in 2012). There is an increasing group of children with chronic diseases. Objective: to make an analysis of the gynecological pathology in girls with decompensated chronic extragenital pathology. Methods. A total of 1682 patients aged under 18 years who are treated in the Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University’s multidisciplinary clinic and directed clinicians to consult a gynecologist. We used anamnestic, clinical and laboratory methods of investigation and analysis of medical records. Results. As a result of analysis, we found that the structure of gynecological pathology identified in patients with decompensated extragenital diseases, 44 % are menstrual disorders, 37.9 % - an inflammatory disease, 14.2 % - non-inflammatory problems, 12.7 % - other. In this case, gynecological pathology, of course, is associated with somatic. So, the girls suffering from connective tissue, often recorded long and heavy menstruation (38.9 %), diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary system - painful (45.9 and 55 %, respectively), endocrine pathology often accompanied by rare, scanty menses (56.8 %). Conclusions. Given the importance of extragenital pathology in the implementation of fertility, it is important to pay particular attention to: a) development of an algorithm for monitoring, treatment, rehabilitation of girls suffering from extragenital pathology, which should include a compulsory inspection gynecologist; b) the participation of gynecologist in the regular medical check observation girls with chronic extragenital pathology in the case of existing combinations with gynecological diseases. Such an approach should be further consolidated when transferring patients under the supervision of an adult network.
Comparative characteristic of clinical and laboratory indicators of congenital herpes virus infection in children and the course of mother’s pregnancy
Authors: Ushakova Galina Mikhailovna , Vasiliev Valeriy Viktorovich , Osipova Zinaida Alexeevna , Kuyoumchan Sof’ya Hidmetovna , Tuktarova Alsu Yunirovna
Published: February 2016

The work summarizes the results of the investigations made by the researchers of Scientific Research Institute of Children’s Infections in Saint Petersburg. There are presented comparative characteristics of congenital Herpes virus infection accompanied by a course of the mother’s pregnancy. Etiologic interpretation of congenital Herpes virus infection was based on the identification of specific antibodies of M and G class immunoglobulins against CMV, HSV and EBV by fluorescence immunoassay, virus DNA by PCR in different biological environment (blood, sputum, urine). The results of the tests were filled into the created individual electronic block-cards and processed further by the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics in the licensed version of “Windows Vista Professional” operational environment “Statistica 7.0” program (correlated, regressive, cluster, discriminant tests) with the confidence level p < 0,05. There are described two our clinical observations of those children who have survived after generalized Herpes virus infection. There are framed the risks of congenital infection revealing depending on the pregnancy course in the form of the algorithm. There are also given the practical recommendations on the interpretation of the laboratory data found. The clinical presentation of congenital Herpes infections (HSV, CMV and EBV) is extremely polymorphic and doesn’t allow definite suspecting of the disease etiology. In the case of congenital infection suspicion the method of choice is the indication of causative genome in the biological samples available. The determination of specific IgM in the first-year children is less informative in these cases. The system of laboratory follow up of the pregnancy to assess the risk of congenital infection needs further improvement (it needs monitoring, current recommendations on interpretation).
Atomoxetine, thioridazine, pipophezine in treatment adolescents with ADHD
Authors: Glushchenko Vita Valentinovna
Published: February 2016

Analysis of published data on the diagnostic criteria used in the qualification of hyperkinetic syndrome found that along with the data on residual-organic failure CNS causes the development of hyperkinetic syndrome expanded range of studies on the endogenous nature of this syndrome. Thus the international “Genomics Consortium psychiatric” (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) identify common loci in hyperkinetic disorder and schizophrenia which are located on the short arm of the 3rd chromosome (3r21) and on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q24) and revealed single nucleotide substitutions (SNPs) in the two genes (CACNA1C and CACNB2) which encode proteins that are part of the channels regulating calcium transport into brain cells. Hyperactivity disorder (GR) as a mental disorder (F90) is multifactorial in nature, which requires consideration of clinical symptom in different planes with the release of endogenous and exogenous forms the primary etiological factor for differentiation therapy. Were studied 231 adolescents with a diagnosis of “Attention-Deficit hyperactivity Disorder” (mean age - 17,7 years). The main components of adolescents AHHD are given by BPRS: arousal (3,63 ± 0,06); cognitive (2,94 ± 0,06) and emotional (2,64 ± 0,06) disorder. Patients were split into threatment group: group 1 (n = 23) received Atomoxetine 25mg/day; group 2 (n = 20) received thioridazine 25mg/day, group 3 (n = 22) - pipophezine 50 mg/day. The positive dynamics of disregulatory-motor typeractivity, cognitive and emotional components of ADHD was observed. The aim: to evaluate the influence of Atomoxetine, Thioridazine, Pipophezine on the main psychopatological clinical-components of adolescents AHHD.
Protective effects of antihypoxic substances of metaprot and etomerzol in model ethylene glycol intoxication
Authors: Vorob’eva Viktoriya Vladimirovna , Zarubina Irina Viktorovna , Shabanov Petr Dmitrievich , Proshin Sergei Nikolaevich
Published: February 2016

The analysis of the reasons for the children to the intensive care unit indicates that the poisoning is one of the most important cause of life-threatening conditions in childhood. The poisoning by drugs and ethanol dominates among other poisoning factors. Multiple drug poisoning is not so rare case as well as intentional self-poisoning among teenagers. It is dangerous not only toxigenic phase of poisoning by various chemical compounds but also their long-term effects. The symptoms of cerebroasthenia, minimal dysfunction of brain, vascular disorders, violation of thermoregulation, convulsions, visual impairment, hepatopathy, nephropathy, adrenal dysfunction are discussed as the effects of acute poisoning in children. Above-mentioned facts indicate the need to improve the toxicological assistance not only during resuscitation but also in a phase of long-term effects. The as early as possible elimination of the effects of acute poisoning leaves the possibility of development of the child according to age. The study of the general laws of chemical and biological interaction of poison with organs and tissues of animals in the experiment can detect adaptive and compensatory mechanisms to ensure stability of the basic functions of the organism to the damaging effects of xenobiotics. The study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of exogenous chemical factors elucidates the target points to the impact of pharmacological agents. Taking into account that the mandatory pathogenetic component of the process of intoxication is hypoxia we used the ethylene glycol poisoning model to test direct antihypoxants 2 etiltiobenzimidazola hydrobromide (metaprot) and 5-ethoxy-2-etiltiobenzimidazol (etomerzol). Aim: to estimate antihypoxic and antioxidant effects of actoprotective substances as metaprot and etomerzol in the model of ethylene glycol poisoning.
The influence of sex and age upon response of white rats to hypoxic hypoxia
Authors: Khaytsev Nikolay Valentinovich , Vasiliev Andrey Glebovich , Trashkov Aleksandr Petrovich , Kravtsova Aleftina Alekseevna , Balashov Lev Dmitrievich
Published: February 2016

Periodic 3-hour daily exposition of white rats to hypoxic hypoxia (standard altitude 8250 m) for 10 days have revealed males and females of both very young and extremely old age groups (“young” - 0,5 months old and “old” - 26 months old) to be more sensitive to chronic hypoxic hypoxia than mature middle-aged animals (“mature” - 3 months old). Their increased sensitivity was apparent in body mass dynamic changes, oxygen consumption, peripheral blood hemoglobin concentration, and red blood cells’ count and peroxidase activity. Parallel to these parameters hypophysis-adrenal system functional activity was assessed according to blood eosynophils’ amount, ascorbic acid adrenals’ concentration, hypophysis and adrenals relative masses changes and “resistance index”. Both male and female rats of “young” and “old” age groups demonstrated variability of different parameters however those characteristic of hypophysis-adrenals system functional activity were practically always involved. Granted non-specific universal adaptation reactions like general adaptation syndrome are of special importance during exposure to any chronic influence, the “young” and “old” animals demonstrated insufficient capacity of hypophysis-adrenals system. However “old” female rats were much more resistant to chronic hypoxic impact revealing the lowest level of hypophysis-adrenals system functional activity.
Endovascular treatment in patients with combined pathology
Authors: Shloydo Evgeny Antonovich , Pyaterichenko Igor Alexandrovich , Zvereva Victoria Valentinovna , Kovalev Yuriy Romanovich , Sizov Alexey Viktorovich
Published: February 2016

Aortic valve stenosis is one of the most common diseases from the group of acquired heart disease, especially in elderly patients. Aortic valve replacement has become the “gold standard” and gives excellent results in all age groups of patients. For aortic valve replacement is sent to only one third of patients due to high risk due to age, severity of the defect, reduced contractility of the left ventricle, pulmonary hypertension and other comorbidities. One of the attempts to reduce the frequency of complications and mortality in this group of patients, and subsequently to make it possible to perform other surgical interventions, including aortic valve replacement, which is considered inoperable patients is holding a less traumatic surgery - aortic balloon catheter valvuloplasty. In the clinical observation deals with the case of heart disease - critical aortic stenosis, ischemic heart disease complicated by pulmonary hypertension and severe heart failure, in combination with gynecological diseases (uterine fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women), complicated by uterine bleeding and hemorrhagic anemia. Consider the risks of different surgical interventions. The possibility of modern endovascular care of patients in this situation simultaneously perform operations on uterine artery embolization, coronary angioplasty with stenting and aortic catheter balloon valvuloplasty. Also shown is the nearest and remote results of operative intervention.
The functional state of cardiovascular system in patients with different forms of brucellosis
Authors: Magomedova Saniyat Ahmedgadzhievna , Adilova Madina Arslanbekovna , Gipaeva Galimat Abdurashidovna
Published: February 2016

It is known that damage organs and systems largely determines the course and outcome of brucellosis, with one of the most frequently involved in the pathological process in the brucellosis infection is the cardiovascular system. The highest incidence of brucellosis in the Republic of Dagestan occur among those aged 15-39 years, the share of this age group accounts for 75 % of all cases of brucellosis in the Republic, which determines a great social and economic costs of brucellosis infection. The article presents the results of a study of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in 222 patients with brucellosis defeat of the cardiovascular system at the age of 16 to 45 years, of which 110 (49.5 %) patients with acute brucellosis, 112 (50.4 %) patients chronic brucellosis. The diagnosis of brucellosis infection was put up on the basis of clinical, laboratory and instrumental complex examination including, including serological tests Heddlsona and Wright, as well as an intradermal allergy test Burne. Identified clinical laboratory, ECG changes and echocardiographic data suggest that it is expedient to use diagnosicheskih complex investigations: Holter ECG, echocardiogram and determination of cardiac enzymes that allow the early period to identify heart disease as well as provide a timely opportunity to assess the severity of of the disease, identify the symptoms of latent myocardial damage, to decide on the necessary treatment, including etiotropic and pathogenic treatment.
Lessons of pediatrics to physiologist and physiology to pediatrician
Authors: Natochin Yuri Victorovich
Published: February 2016

The results of joint studies and approaches to solve difficult problems of pathogenesis and treatment of patients in the departments of nephrology and pulmonology were analyzed. The studies have been done over 40 years in common by workers of Pediatric University and Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences. The paper is focused on the discussion of choice motivation of research issue and approaches of treatment based on fundamental investigations. The paradoxical phenomenon is revealed - in patients with nocturnal enuresis diuresis increased simultaneously with the rise of solute free water reabsorption. The essence of this phenomenon is established, the use of desmopressin or diclofenac in dependence of disease form ensured treatment of nocturnal enuresis. Green fluorescent protein is applied for study of absorption of native proteins in the intestine, the role of kidneys in protein metabolism and in redistribution of the amino acids in the body was shown. The efficacy of diuretics during the development of renal function is ascertained in children of different age; the cause of renal refractoriness to furosemide in patients with chronic renal failure is established. Measuring the ratio of furosemide/sodium excretion in patients with chronic renal failure showed that the reduction in diuretic delivery to site of action but not the defect of Na,K,2Cl-cotransporter underlay the lower renal response to the same dose of the drug. The effective treatment based on increase in furosemide delivery to thick ascending limb of Henle loop is developed. The new nonapeptide analogue is synthesized; its natriuretic effect is 50 000-fold greater than action of furosemide. The clinical significance of inadequate antidiuretic state in children with severe pneumonia is shown. As a result of these studies, graduates of Pediatric University L. P. Peresheina, L. N. Kosheleva, E. A. Zhukovskaya, V. V. Archipov, A. A. Kuznetsova, A.A. Kanashkina, A. S. Marina, M. V. Burmakin and others defended theses.
Мedical rehabilitation of children reconvalescent from infectious diseases according to the international classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps
Authors: Skripchenko Natalia Viktorovna , Pronina Elena Vladimirovna , Lepikhina Tatiana Gennadievna , Vladimirova Oksana Nikolaevna , Ivanova Marina Vitalievna , Gonchar Natalia Vasilievna , Goryacheva Larisa Georgievna , Bekhtereva Maria Konstantinovna , Babachenko Irina Vladimirovna
Published: February 2016

Infectious diseases are referred to as the most frequent and common diseases in our population, in children as well. Infectious pathology is often followed by the disorders in the organism structure and functions that requires medical rehabilitation measures. The purpose of this work is to prove the necessity of rehabilitation measures of certain level and form for those children who had different infectious diseases. The main research aim is to determine the organism disorders in its structure and functions in those children who recovered from infectious diseases according to the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH). Materials and methods: there was performed the health assessment of 103 children who had been discharged from the infectious departments of Scientific Research Institute of Children’s Infections (Departments of Respiratory Infections, Intestinal Infections, Neuroinfections, and Hepatitis) according to the health domains of ICIDH. Results: according to the stage of the organism disorders by ICIDH there were determined five groups. More than 36 % of children from the groups 3, 4, and 5 required the second stage of rehabilitation measures at the polyclinic and rehabilitation departments of Scientific Research Institute of Children’s Infections. Conclusion: International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) can be used to develop the reasoning of level and form of rehabilitation measures in every child who had an infectious pathology.
Genetic factors modifying response to glucocorticoid treatment in chronic pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Zaletova Nadezhda Konstantinovna , Vostokova Lubov Pavlovna , Chukhlovin Alexey Borisovich , Kornienko Elena Alexandrovna , Tretjak Anna Timofeevna
Published: February 2016

The article concerns genetic factors that determine efficiency of steroid treatment for chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children, focused, mostly, on Crohn disease and nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Their incidence comprises 5 to 15 per 100 000 children and adolescents. In acute phase, therapy of these diseases is based on salicylates and glucocorticoids which regulate cytokine network and immune cell functions. Application of high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs) exerts а sufficient immunosuppressive action. These effects are performed via specific GC receptors in the target cell populations. Hence, numbers and functionality of GC receptors are important for clinical response to GC treatment. The aim of this review is discern major genetic effects upon functioning of glucocorticoid receptors. Here we discuss effects of N363S, ER22/23EK, and NR3C1 variants, the most known GC functional gene polymorphisms. These gene variants are often associated with altered GC gene expression in individual cases of IBD. Moreover, some other gene variants are able to modulate the GC receptor expression, thus making it difficult to assess genetic predisposition to altered clinical response to glucocorticoids. Hence, the regulatory effects of single gene variants upon GC receptors may not show direct correlations with clinical effects of the drug. Therefore, we propose an immediate way to assess the gene activity, i. e., quantitative analysis of the gene transcription (mRNA detection) in the patients’ cells before and during glucocorticoid therapy, presuming further application of this parameter as a predictive marker for evaluation of optimal therapeutic response in the individual IBD patients.
O desprezo, a cólera e o riso: o filme The Butcher Boy de Neil Jordan sob uma perspectiva aristotélica
Authors: Damião Carla Milani
Published: February 2016

O artigo almeja relacionar a paixão da cólera ou raiva, segundo a conceituação de Aristóteles em Retórica das paixões, com o filme The Butcher Boy, dirigido por Neil Jordan, baseado no romance homônimo de Patrick McCabe. Seguindo a caracterização aristotélica da cólera despertada pelo desprezo, despeito e arrogância, consideramos que o que move o desejo de vingança da personagem do filme em questão é do primeiro tipo, sendo o último uma consequência intermediária no desenrolar da trama e assumido, em grande parte, pela ofensa sentida. Trata-se de uma relação não apenas descritiva e psicológica, ou mesmo, ilustrativa da paixão que acomete a personagem, mas de verificar em que medida a narrativa original adaptada para o filme, pode, efetivamente, ser considerada tributária das ideias aristotélicas.
Aristóteles, a tragédia e as emoções de medo e esperança ilustradas nos filmes Una voce umana de R. Rosselini e Mãe e filho de A. Sokurov
Authors: Puente Fernando Rey
Published: February 2016

O texto tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reﬂexões sobre a tragédia (e a desconsideração de sua dimensão musical) em Aristóteles, bem como comparar os distintos modos de expectativa (elpís) – o medo (phóbos) e a esperança (thársos) – com dois ﬁlmes, um de Rosselini e outro de Sokurov, que se utilizam dos recursos musicais para apresentar as emoções de suas personagens e nos quais as histórias de seus respectivos protagonistas retratam muito bem essas duas diferentes expectativas diante do futuro iminente: o medo e a esperança.
Afetos aristotélicos em Shakespeare e Freud: um exercício de tradução
Authors: Azevedo Ana Vicentini de
Published: February 2016

O presente trabalho perfaz um exercício de tradução da definição dos afetos (páthe), tal como formulada por Aristóteles na Retórica, para outros campos da experiência humana, em particular, a tragédia Rei Lear, de Shakespeare, e a teoria psicanalítica (Freud e Lacan). Nesse percurso, elegemos a tragédia como locus privilegiado da discussão, na qual propomos possíveis leituras para a problemática dos afetos, no campo conceitual das pulsões, e na dimensão da mimese, da catarse e da sublimação. Como é próprio a todo processo de transposição de uma ideia para outras linguagens e idiomas, esse exercício marca-se pela contaminação mútua dos campos de conhecimento postos em diálogo.
Hesíodo y Jenofonte. Trabajo, virtud y progreso: los núcleos de problematización
Authors: Colombani María Cecilia
Published: February 2016

El proyecto del presente trabajo consiste en relevar el perfil del hombre común presente en Trabajos y Días, a propósito de las marcas antropológicas que aparecen en el poema. La administración de la vida en torno a la administración del trabajo constituye el primer tema del trabajo y a él dedicaremos la primera parte del mismo. En segundo lugar nos proponemos trazar un arco de lectura entre Hesíodo y Jenofonte para ver cómo se vinculan en una serie de tópicos que demuestran la solidaridad entre ambos, a partir de la consideración del trabajo y de la agricultura como la base de la vida misma.
A lingüística de Internet: máis un desafío para a gramática galega e a súa didáctica
Authors: Mosquera Castro Estefanía
Published: February 2016

Unha vez superado o pánico moral que suscitaron inicialmente os distintos xéneros dixitais e o discurso electrónico entre a poboación en xeral e tamén entre o colectivo lingüista e o profesorado, convén reflexionarmos agora sobre os retos que a súa existencia formula para a disciplina lingüística e sobre as implicacións pedagóxicas deste fenómeno. Así, reflectiremos sobre a necesidade de que a tradición gramatical e o ensino comecen a distinguir e a aceptar como naturais distintos usos ou niveis de escrita para que a análise do discurso electrónico poida constituír un fin en si mesmo. En concreto, neste traballo afondaremos sobre todo naqueles aspectos que afectan de modo máis directo a gramática da lingua galega e a súa didáctica, que en moitos casos presenta elementos diferenciais derivados da situación sociolingüística en que se acha.
Recensión: Xosé Manuel Sánchez Rei (ed.), Modelos de lingua e compromiso
Authors: Mosquera Castro Estefanía
Published: February 2016

Recensión: Xosé Manuel Sánchez Rei (ed.), Modelos de lingua e compromiso. A Coruña, Baía Edicións. 2014, 211 páxinas.
Functional and radiological analysis of posterior lumbar interbody fusion in spondylolisthesis
Authors: Muthu Manickam Ramanujam , Ram Ganesan G. , Sundar S. , Prakash A.
Published: February 2016

Background:Spondylolisthesis is present in 5% of the adult population with clinical evidence of low back pain. These patients are treated initially by conservative measures, failing of which surgical intervention is mandatory. Majority of patients with varying degree of slip and disability ultimately require surgical intervention. In this study we are trying to analyse the functional outcome following posterior lumbar interbody fusion in spondylolisthesis.

Methods: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion using pedicle screw and rods with cage was performed on 25 patients. 6 months follow-up was completed in 25 patients who were then reviewed at regular intervals. Out of the 25 patients, 17(68%) were females and 8(32%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 40.64 years. Out of 25 patients, 14 patients had listhesis at L4 – L5 level and another 11 at L5 – S1 level. 21(84%) were Isthmic variant and 4 (16%) were Degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Results:The mean follow up period in this study of 25 patients is 19 months. Out of 25 patients, there was mean improvement of 18.96 in the Oswestry scoring index. The Visual analogue scale score showed a mean improvement of 6.48. Radiologically, the percentage of slip was decreased by a mean of 8.40%. One patient had a cage extrusion with no neurological deficit.

Conclusions:The pedicle screw with rod and cage system is easy to use and provides the anatomic restoration of the isthmus in isthmic spondylolisthesis or restoring the stability after laminectomy/discectomy in degenerative spondylolisthesis. From our study, we strongly believe that this technique is very useful in low grade degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis.
Utility and outcomes of locking compression plates in distal femoral fractures
Authors: R.V. Shriharsha , M Sapna
Published: February 2016

Background: Supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of femur present a huge surgical challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of union, functional outcome and complications of these fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation with a locking compression plate- distal femur (LCP-DF).

Methods: A prospective study of 26 fractures in 25 patients was done during a period of June 2012 to July 2014. Based on clinical diagnosis and x rays, the fractures were managed by surgery and had a minimum follow up of one year. The decision to fix with Locking compression plates was taken based on extensive comminution, missing bone, poor quality of bone and a combination of these factors. Primary Bone grafting was done in cases of severe medial comminution.

Results: Overall 26 fractures were studied. The mean age was 44 yrs. Out of 25 patients, 16/25(64%) were men and 36% were women. There were 10/26 type A and 16/26 type C fractures. There were 57.6% closed fractures and 42.3 % open fractures. Bone grafting was done for 13 fractures. The average time for union in open fractures was 20.60 weeks and 18.53 weeks for closed fractures. The average range of motion for closed fractures was 10- 100.330 and for open fractures was 50- 84.50The results of entire study group showed 4 excellent, 10 good, 5 fair and 6 poor. We saw that 2 of 10 (20%) open fractures had excellent or good results whereas 12 of 15(80%) closed fractures had excellent or good results (p <0.005). The 8 of 10(80%) type A fractures had excellent or good results whereas 6 of 15(40%) type C fractures had excellent or good results (p<0.058). The closed fractures united early as compared to open fractures (p <0.72). The closed fractures had a mean range of 99 degrees movement against the open fractures which had 79 degrees (p <0.36). the type A fractures had a better range of movement( 106 degrees) as compared to type C fractures(81.67 degrees) (p <0.13).
Conclusions: Locking compression plates had better outcome in closed fractures than open fractures. The extra articular (type A) fractures had better outcome than intra articular (type C) fractures. The closed fractures united earlier as compared to open fractures. There was no significant difference in time of union in fractures where bone graft was used and in those where no bonegraft was used. Knee stiffness is a common complication following these fractures. Therefore the distal femoral LCP provides a stable fixation in comminuted fractures.
Isolated sacrum tuberculosis with presacral and paraspinal abscess: case report of a common disease at uncommon site
Authors: Dharmshaktu Ganesh S. , Singhal Aanshu , Singh Pankaj
Published: February 2016

Refractory backache in the elderly calls for further evaluation to rule out any sinister underlying disorder. Radiological features with extensive destruction of bony tissue may raise suspicion of malignant process and a careful assessment with the help of advance imaging modalities along with isolation of an infective agent is necessary to establish a diagnosis of infective pathology as the cause. We, hereby, report a case of recalcitrant low back pain in the elderly that was evaluated and resulted in the final diagnosis of tuberculosis of sacrum and resultant abscess collection in the presacral and paraspinal region. Early identification of infective organism by culture resulted in early and appropriate treatment and subsequent excellent recovery.
In Bitches Diagnosed with Pyometra, is Medical Therapy Using Antibiosis Alone as Effective as Combining Ovariohysterectomy with Antibiosis in Reducing Morbidity and Mortality?
Authors: Swallow Adam
Published: February 2016

Clinical bottom line

Ovariohysterectomy combined with antibiosis is more effective in achieving clinical cure than systemic antibiosis alone. Systemic antibiosis may be associated with recrudescence of the pyometra and the evidence base is weaker for this approach
PENGARUH MODERNISASI TERHADAP TRADISI PENDIDIKAN ANAK DALAM MASYARAKAT SUKU GAYO
Authors: Sukiman Sukiman
Published: February 2016

The tradition of children education at Gayo typically begins since infant to childhood. At earlier stage, they learn by listening to chant, folktale, and learning from local Islamic scholars. However, in the modernization era, the tradition is worn off. Modernization has changed the youth at Gayo into spiritual depletion, lack in dynamic and creativity, moral degradation and inadequate friendship. To overcome the education crisis of the children in Gayo, it needs reorientation by integrated approach between the Islamic Shariah and the education tradition of Gayo. It is applied though functioning and coordinating between the official Islamic Shariah, the tradition institution of Gayo, and the deliberative board of ulama. Accordingly, the youth at Gayo will become more religious, godly and hold Islamic culture.
Changes in Cognitive Errors Over the Course of Cognitive Therapy for Depression
Authors: Blake Emily , Dobson Keith S. , Sheptycki Amanda R. , Drapeau Martin
Published: February 2016

Cognitive therapy (CT) aims to treat major depression symptomatology by restructuring the patients’ cognitive distortions to more adaptive thinking patterns. This study examined changes in cognitive errors (CEs) as patients undergo CT for depression. Forty-five participants were assessed at early and late therapy for CEs using the Cognitive Errors Rating System (Drapeau, Perry, & Dunkley, 2008) and for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory (A. T. Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979). Although the total number of CEs did not change from early to late therapy, negative CEs significantly decreased, and positive CEs increased. Recovered participants had fewer total CEs, negative CEs, and negative overgeneralization than nonrecovered participants. Depressive symptoms were inversely related to late therapy positive CEs among the nonrecovered participants. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
The Role of Eye Movements in EMDR: Conducting Eye Movements While Concentrating on Negative Autobiographical Memories Results in Fewer Intrusions
Authors: Patel Gauranga Jeram , McDowall John
Published: February 2016

In dismantling eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, researchers have found that the central executive is likely responsible for the effect of eye movements on negative memories. Arguably, however, researchers have not satisfactorily explained central executive mechanisms responsible. One possible central executive mechanism is that of suppression. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of eye movements on vividness, emotionality, and suppression of memories. Thirty-one nonclinical participants in Experiment 1 completed fast- and no-eye-movement conditions. Thirty-three nonclinical participants in Experiment 2 completed fast-, slow-, and no-eye-movement conditions. Number of intrusions during a suppression period and self-ratings of vividness and emotionality were the dependent variables in both experiments. Experiment 2 also included a measure of central executive capacity. Results from both experiments supported the hypotheses and showed that fast eye movements resulted in fewer intrusions than no- and slow-eye-movement conditions. Experiment 2 also found a correlation between number of intrusions after fast eye movements and central executive capacity. Limitations of this research are discussed as well as possibilities for future research and implications for understanding EMDR therapy.
Standard EMDR Protocol for Alcohol and Substance Dependence Comorbid With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Four Cases With 12-Month Follow-Up
Authors: Kullack Claire , Laugharne Jonathan
Published: February 2016

This report begins with a summary of the literature regarding the theoretical models behind the comorbid relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders and the various modified addiction protocols formulated to assist in treating these disorders. This case series outlines the effect that the standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol had on alcohol and substance dependence for 4 patients who attended our Post Traumatic Stress Clinic in Fremantle, Western Australia, primarily for treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Patients were assessed for substance use disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus prior to, immediately after, and 12 months after completing EMDR therapy. Results indicate that the standard EMDR protocol was successful in reducing alcohol and substance use. Prior to treatment, 3 patients met criteria for alcohol dependence and 1 met criteria for substance dependence. At 12-month follow-up, 3 out of 4 clients did not meet the diagnostic criteria for current alcohol dependence or current substance dependence. The implications of these findings are discussed with reference to theories of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder and the modified EMDR protocols developed for patients with substance dependence.
Ethics And The Accountants' Code Of Conduct
Authors: Akers Michael D. , Giacomino Don E.
Published: February 2016

Although the AICPA has established the Professional Code of Conduct to deal with the behavior of CPAs, research has also shown that an individual's behavior is affected by his or her personal values.  While there has been considerable research of the ethical behavior of business professionals and business students, there has been limited research of the personal values of public accountants.  This study was designed to examine the values and value types underlie the ethics of Big Six public accountants.A survey instrument, consisting of 56 values, developed and validated by Schwartz was administered to audit and tax professionals at each of the Big Six public accounting firms in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  Value types were derived from the 56 values.  The results of the study show there are differences in values and value types by gender, area of practice (audit, tax) professional level (staff, senior, manager, partner) and firm.  Although the rankings of the values and value types differed within each category (i.e., gender, area of practice), there was considerable uniformity in the rankings of the most important and least important values, and value types.  The most important values are Family Security, Healthy, Self-respect, Honest and True Friendship, while the least important values are Accept My Portion in Life, Daring, Unit With Nature, Detachment and Social Power.  Benevolence and Achievement are the most important value types, while Tradition and Power are the least important.
Factors Affecting Childrens Store Loyalty: An Empirical Examination Of Two Store Types
Authors: Williams Laura A. , Burns Alvin C.
Published: February 2016

This research is an empirical examination of the factors that affect children’s store loyalty.  Specifically, the effects of impersonal communication, interpersonal communication, experience, and perceptions of affective and functional qualities of store image are examined as to how they impact children’s store loyalty. Results suggest that prior experience and impersonal communications are important in the formation of a child’s perception of a store’s image.  In turn, the child’s perception of the affective and functional qualities of a store’s image are fundamental to a child’s store loyalty. These findings were supported for both a mass-merchandise discount store and a specialty store.  Managerial implications for retailers interested in building store loyalty with children are discussed.
Cash Flow Lending What A Difference A Year Makes! (Banking Lessons For 2001 And Beyond)
Authors: Pillsbury Ceil , Pillsbury Roger
Published: February 2016

This paper examines the cash flow lending practices that became prevalent in the marketplace during the late 1990s and early 2000.  That time frame witnessed bankers significantly deviating from historical lending models which resulted in a marked increase in risk.  The detrimental effects of those practices and the repercussions experienced by banks are examined in detail.  The paper concludes with suggested modifications to cash flow lending practices and lessons for cash flow lenders.
The Impact Of Outside Director Equity Holdings On The Mix Of Outside Director Compensation
Authors: McClain Guy
Published: February 2016

This study investigates the impact outside director equity holdings have on the determinants of the mix of equity in outside director compensation plans. The analysis, conducted over a 4 year period from 1997-2000, is based on a sample of 89 first time adopters of equity compensation. The use of first time adopters attempts to control for the fact that many of the variables in the study are endogenously determined over time. The results indicate that the mix of equity is negatively associated with outside director holding, positively associated with the market-to-book ratio (a measure of the firms investment opportunities) and negatively associated with return on assets (a measure of CEO bargaining power). These findings suggest that the negotiation that takes place between the CEO and outside directors regarding governance is not only affected by the firms wanting to match the marginal productivity of directors with the opportunities of the firm, but also with the equity holdings of the directors.
Culture Shock Re-Visited: What Features Of The Polish Culture Most Bother Expatriates In Poland?
Authors: Murdoch Anna , Kaciak Eugene
Published: February 2016

This paper investigates how symptoms of culture shock may be related to cultural features. A group of expatriate executives are tested on how they respond to Polands culture dimensions which are specified in accordance with Hofstedes indices. Symptoms of their culture shock are identified and juxtaposed with everyday behaviours of Poles in the workplace and public place/social arena. The results show that some of those functional patterns of Poles which result in extreme/inefficient/counterproductive behaviours and constitute sources of culture shock for the expatriates are linked to large Power Distance and strong Uncertainty Avoidance in Poland or a combination of the two dimensions. Implications for researchers are specified. Recommendations for expatriate managers vis-vis induction training and the content of in-company courses for Polish managers are listed.
Measuring Losses For Small Business Interruption Claims: Depreciation Expenses
Authors: Boudreaux Denis O. , Rao SPUma , Underwood Jim , Rumore Nancy
Published: February 2016

Business interruption insurance, commonly called lost profit insurance is written to protect a firm when its operations are interrupted and income is reduced due to a covered peril. The calculation of the economic loss depends on how certain expenses are used in the loss computation. Depreciation is an expense that can have significant implications on the measure of the loss figure but how depreciation should be accounted for is not specified in policies or law. This paper reviews the depreciation controversy and offers a more theoretically correct solution.
Does AACSB Accreditation Matter? Evidence From Large Firm CEOs
Authors: Jalbert Terrance , Jalbert Mercedes , Furumo Kim
Published: February 2016

Accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) is highly sought after by business schools both in the United States and internationally. Business schools devote considerable resources to earn and maintain the accreditation. Despite this effort and expense, surprisingly little literature has examined the extent to which AACSB accredited schools outperform non-accredited schools in market driven situations. This exploratory study is a first effort to fill this gap in the literature. The research here examines CEOs from large U.S. firms. Specifically, compensation earned by CEOs from AACSB accredited schools are compared to compensation earned by CEOs from non-accredited schools. We also examine the extent to which CEOs from accredited and non-accredited schools manage their firms differently and earn higher profits than other CEOs. The findings indicate that a large proportion of large firm CEOs earned their degree from an AACSB accredited school. The empirical findings are mixed, but the general picture is that graduates from AACSB accredited schools do not outperform other CEOs.
Marginal Effective Tax Rates And Tax Incentive Structure Evaluation: The Case Of Greece
Authors: Anastassiou Thomas A.
Published: February 2016

In addition to the neoclassical theory of investment choice, another way of evaluating a tax incentive structure is through the use of marginal effective tax rates. An attempt is made at present to provide estimates of these rates for Greece, and the research concentrates mainly to the calculation of marginal effective corporate tax rates (i.e. only corporate taxes are considered) while the construction of indices extends to the two categories of capital goods, equipment, and buildings. The theoretical background for constructing these indices is given, with special emphasis attributed to neutrality in the designing of efficient taxation systems. The research showed that the Greek tax incentive system is depressing marginal investments, while it is additionally found that there was a more favorable tax treatment of manufacturing investment in equipment than that of buildings. No attempt on recent formulations of the Greek incentive system was made to provide measures (as for example a net investment credit) that could produce some degree of tax neutrality.
Mergers And Acquisitions In The Shipping Industry
Authors: Merikas Andreas G. , Polemis Dionysios , Triantafyllou Anna
Published: February 2016

The purpose of our research is to analyze Acquired and Acquiring companies in the Maritime Transport sector in order to determine whether the two groups can be distinguished from each other based on their different financial characteristics. Although this area of research is considered as very fruitful by many academics, it was given less attention due to the rare sequence of such events and the difficulty to gain access to valuable data. The authors are not aware of any other papers that have examined the maritime transport sector in such a way in the past.

However, since many shipping companies have taken the opportunity to access stock markets around the world, in order to gain equity finance to upgrade or expand their merchant fleets, their financial statements became public. Moreover, the fact that over the last decades Mergers and Acquisitions are considered by many managers as very efficient method of company expansion, the view of the past that considered Mergers & Acquisitions in the maritime sector as a difficult area of research is starting to change.

 The study will be based upon a sample of 60 companies, consisting of 37 targets (either through merger or acquisition), occurring during the calendar years from 1994 to 2009 and 23 acquirers (some of them multiple acquirers). In the analysis, ratios measuring different aspects of business activity will be investigated; such as profitability, liquidity, efficiency and leverage, with the utilization of multiple Logit Regression Analysis.
The Role Of Interest Rate Reforms In Lesotho: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Odhiambo Nicholas M.
Published: February 2016

This paper examines the efficacy of interest rate reforms in Lesotho during the period 1972-2009. The study attempts to answer one critical question: Does interest rate liberalisation positively or negatively affect financial deepening in Lesotho? The study examines this linkage by regressing the financial depth variable on real income, deposit rate, foreign aid, the expected inflation and the lagged value of financial depth. Using the ARDL-Bounds testing approach, the study finds that there is a positive relationship between interest rate reforms and financial deepening in Lesotho, meaning that interest rate reforms lead to financial deepening in Lesotho. The results apply regardless of whether the financial deepening model is estimated in the short run or in the long run. Other results indicate that: i) An increase in real GDP has a positive effect on financial deepening in Lesotho - both in the short run and in the long run; ii) expected inflation has a positive effect on financial deepening in the short run; and iii) foreign aid has a negative effect on financial deepening in Lesotho in the short run.
Invited Editorial: How To Give A Good Talk
Authors: Kakushadze Zura
Published: February 2016

I give my two cents on this subject based on what I have learned from others and my own experience. I avoid various abstract bullet points and convoluted, generic and cliché advice you can Google aplenty. Instead, I base my discussion on real-life examples accompanied by pictures, slides and stories. I discuss three basic parts to giving a good talk: i) picking a right subject; ii) good slides; and iii) delivery. I discuss tools for getting the job done to: i) convey to the audience why what you’re doing is important; ii) imprint a key message onto your audience; and iii) make your talk memorable.