bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los itinerarios de Fortunato Depero en Rovereto como recurso didáctico y cultural para el arte contemporáneo. Una propuesta ampliada
Authors: Mancebo Roca Juan Agustín
Published: May 2022

Fortunato Depero es fundamental para comprender el contexto artístico de Rovereto y el de la provincia de Trento. Para recordar su legado, las instituciones culturales, pedagógicas y turísticas han elaborado un recorrido por los lugares de la ciudad con los que interaccionó el artista subrayando su correspondencia con el entorno. Este artículo toma como referente los itinerarios de Fortunato Depero analizando los espacios señalados y como éstos se han permeabilizado en su obra. Por otra parte, se contextualiza su figura desde una perspectiva histórico-artística en relación con Rovereto y el futurismo, analizando cómo su herencia artística y documental ha sido determinante para comprender y generar su entramado cultural actual. Para ello se ha realizado un trabajo de campo documentando in situ los espacios y las obras referidas incluyendo además otros espacios que podrían integrarse en el recorrido. Asimismo, se ha realizado una revisión hemerográfica y bibliográfica completada en el Fondo Depero y la biblioteca del Archivio del´900 del Museo di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto. El artículo concluye que los itinerarios de Fortunato Depero son una parte relevante del proyecto pedagógico y cultural de Rovereto que ponen en valor el pasado y el presente y se proyectan el futuro dotando de infinitas posibilidades didácticas la interpretación del arte contemporáneo en la ciudad.
Behartokia y sobre cómo se manifiesta hoy una investigación de ayer
Authors: Araluce Hernando Julen , Aberasturi-Apraiz Estibaliz
Published: May 2022

El que aquí resumimos es el encuentro entre una investigación en torno a cómo la educación plástica se puede articular para despertar la motivación del alumnado de la ESO y la economía que a día de hoy regula la convivencia dentro del binomio docente-alumnado. Nuestra preocupación por tratar de dar respuesta a las necesidades que surgían durante nuestras clases de Educación Plástica, Visual y Audiovisual nos llevó al análisis del marco educativo donde se sitúa dicha asignatura, así como a la búsqueda de aquellos lugares epistemológicos que facilitan la autonomía y la motivación de las alumnas y alumnos que la cursan. Hoy, nuestro interés se sitúa sobre los cambios que se dan dentro del marco educativo de la ESO. Estos cambios a los que nos referimos pueden venir motivados, entre otros, por los cada vez más presentes espacios virtuales que afloran dentro del aula. Así, en este texto, nos preguntamos si estos cambios responden a un modelo de escuela más próximo a la enseñanza o al aprendizaje.
Intención emprendedora de estudiantes chinos que estudian en universidades de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Lin Susana
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Conocer la intención emprendedora de estudiantes chinos matriculados en universidades de la Comunidad de Madrid, estudiar la relación de la educación en emprendimiento sobre el fomento del espíritu emprendedor, así como el análisis de los factores sociodemográficos que favorecen la creación de la intención emprendedora y los motivos de emprendimiento.Metodología: Encuesta y análisis estadístico descriptivo de los resultados.Resultados: La deseabilidad, viabilidad y percepción de control del proceso de emprendimiento favorece el desarrollo de la intención emprendedora, mientras que la educación en emprendimiento no parece guardar una relación directa con el fomento del espíritu emprendedor. Factores sociodemográficos como la existencia de antecedentes familiares emprendedores y las experiencias laborales previas del individuo inciden de forma positiva en el desarrollo de la intención emprendedora. La intención emprendedora no se ve influenciada por el género del estudiante universitario. El motivo principal de emprendimiento es el deseo de riqueza.Limitaciones: Se trata de un primer análisis preliminar y exploratorio.Implicaciones prácticas: Entender el papel que tienen las variables estudiadas en la dinamización del emprendimiento y los motivos del aumento de empresas. Estudiar los motivos por los que la comunidad china tiene intereses por establecer relaciones comerciales con España y favorecer el diseño mediante las variables estudiadas que den lugar a un programa de formación más adecuada.
Teologia Latino-Americana
Authors: De Albuquerque Francisco Chagas
Published: May 2022

O texto parte do significado do conceito de Reino de Deus no pensamento teológico de Ignacio Ellacuría como base para explicitar que a Igreja necessita converter-se a este Reino. Assumindo a perspectiva da contínua conversão ao Reino, ela corresponderá à sua vocação de Igreja comprometida com a libertação integral do ser humano a partir dos pobres. Neste sentido, o estudo salienta as implicações do significado do conceito Reino de Deus para a vida e fé dos cristãos e da Igreja, bem como ressalta a ligação entre seguimento de Jesus e práxis eclesial. A reflexão proposta se atualiza por meio do chamado dirigido a toda a Igreja através de recentes documentos do Magistério. Entre as várias orientações e apelos que brotam desses documentos se destacam: a encarnação do paradigma da missionariedade-conversão seguindo a exortação apostólica Evangelii gaudium (27-32); a concretização dos sonhos para a Amazônia a partir da inculturação libertadora do Evangelho conforme a exortação apostólica pós-sinodal Querida Amazônia (7) e a promoção do cuidado com a Casa Comum à luz da ecologia integral em sintonia com a encíclica Laudato si’ (137-138).
Abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Sanches Mário Antonio , Vieira Kathleen , De Carli Eliane Freire Rodrigues de Souza
Published: May 2022

A Igreja no momento busca uma nova postura frente aos abusos sexuais contra criança e adolescentes, a partir de posicionamentos atuais do magistério. Este artigo busca fazer uma análise de posturas eclesiais distintas que podem apresentar respostas diferentes ao enfrentamento do abuso sexual na comunidade eclesial. Trata-se de um artigo de reflexão e revisão de literatura, propondo ações pastorais. A análise conduz à compreensão de que uma Igreja a serviço se abre para uma ação conjunta com a sociedade e se soma ao esforço de todos na superação de situações de sofrimento humano e ameaças à vida como um todo. Esta Igreja está aberta a acolher as denúncias de violência sexual praticada por membros da comunidade eclesial, situando a pessoa vitimada como a verdadeira Igreja que precisa ser protegida. Conclui-se que é necessário a implementação de um Serviço Eclesial de Proteção contra Abuso Sexual de Crianças e Adolescentes na Igreja no Brasil, que não tenha como foco apenas os abusos praticados por lideranças eclesiais, mas que busque sanar todo o tecido eclesial. Um serviço que se articula com a já existente rede proteção a crianças e adolescentes e que cumpra sua função canônica, quando for o caso.
Concepções da Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana sobre educação
Authors: Duarte Novais Luis Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Este artigo encerra um estudo teórico, elaborado segundo uma investigação qualitativa, por meio de pesquisas do tipo bibliográfica e documental, sustentando a tese de que o Magistério Eclesial, desenvolvido desde a celebração do Concílio Ecumênico Vaticano II (1962-1965), qualificaria a Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana como importante interlocutora junto às instâncias que discutem a realidade educacional hodierna. Assim, no âmbito deste trabalho, tendo em vista o conteúdo da convocação proferida pelo Papa Francisco, em 12 de setembro de 2019, para a afirmação de um pacto educativo global, pretende-se evidenciar a preocupação do Magistério Eclesial em resgatar a dimensão humanizadora da educação. Conclui-se que, para a Igreja, a educação compreende um processo de formação humana plena, o qual, recuperando a intrínseca vocação relacional dos sujeitos à experiência da alteridade e da transcendência, deve formá-los para o exercício do humanismo solidário.
A dimensão pública da Teologia de Karl Barth
Authors: Santana Filho Manoel Bernardino de
Published: May 2022

Este artigo pretende mostrar que a teologia de Karl Barth tem um caráter eminentemente público, na medida em que ele encara teologia como uma função da Igreja e praticada pela própria Igreja como elemento de salvaguarda da fé cristã dos possíveis desvios doutrinais e dogmáticos. Para isso, ela tem um papel de vanguarda, pois se situa como sentinela. Para Barth, não existem não-teólogos na Igreja. Em maior ou menor grau, todos têm a responsabilidade de preservar a saúde do ensino cristão. No campo social, Barth procura dialogar com diferentes linhas de pensamento de seu tempo, principalmente a partir de 1914, quando se decepciona com a postura de vários de seus antigos professores e, no ano seguinte, passa a fazer parte de movimentos sociais, mantendo contato com importantes personalidades do socialismo ocidental. Na política, é notória sua decidida atuação de enfrentamento do nacional-socialismo, que tomou conta da Alemanha a partir da década de 1930. Participou ativamente da formação da Igreja Confessante, por ocasião da Declaração de Barmen, em 1934. Posteriormente, expulso da Alemanha Nazista, continuou a fazer com que sua voz fosse ouvida na Alemanha, por meio das ondas de rádio, incentivando a resistência àquele terrível regime. Barth deixa um exemplo de luta e comprometimento com a mensagem de Jesus Cristo, o Único Senhor da Igreja.
Motor cortex activity across movement speeds is predicted by network-level strategies for generating muscle activity
Authors: Saxena Shreya , Russo Abigail A , Cunningham John , Churchland Mark M
Published: May 2022

Learned movements can be skillfully performed at different paces. What neural strategies produce this flexibility? Can they be predicted and understood by network modeling? We trained monkeys to perform a cycling task at different speeds, and trained artificial recurrent networks to generate the empirical muscle-activity patterns. Network solutions reflected the principle that smooth well-behaved dynamics require low trajectory tangling. Network solutions had a consistent form, which yielded quantitative and qualitative predictions. To evaluate predictions, we analyzed motor cortex activity recorded during the same task. Responses supported the hypothesis that the dominant neural signals reflect not muscle activity, but network-level strategies for generating muscle activity. Single-neuron responses were better accounted for by network activity than by muscle activity. Similarly, neural population trajectories shared their organization not with muscle trajectories, but with network solutions. Thus, cortical activity could be understood based on the need to generate muscle activity via dynamics that allow smooth, robust control over movement speed.
Proposing a neural framework for the evolution of elaborate courtship displays
Authors: Schwark Ryan W , Fuxjager Matthew J , Schmidt Marc F
Published: May 2022

In many vertebrates, courtship occurs through the performance of elaborate behavioral displays that are as spectacular as they are complex. The question of how sexual selection acts upon these animals’ neuromuscular systems to transform a repertoire of pre-existing movements into such remarkable (if not unusual) display routines has received relatively little research attention. This is a surprising gap in knowledge, given that unraveling this extraordinary process is central to understanding the evolution of behavioral diversity and its neural control. In many vertebrates, courtship displays often push the limits of neuromuscular performance, and often in a ritualized manner. These displays can range from songs that require rapid switching between two independently controlled ‘voice boxes’ to precisely choreographed acrobatics. Here, we propose a framework for thinking about how the brain might not only control these displays, but also shape their evolution. Our framework focuses specifically on a major midbrain area, which we view as a likely important node in the orchestration of the complex neural control of behavior used in the courtship process. This area is the periaqueductal grey (PAG), as studies suggest that it is both necessary and sufficient for the production of many instinctive survival behaviors, including courtship vocalizations. Thus, we speculate about why the PAG, as well as its key inputs, might serve as targets of sexual selection for display behavior. In doing so, we attempt to combine core ideas about the neural control of behavior with principles of display evolution. Our intent is to spur research in this area and bring together neurobiologists and behavioral ecologists to more fully understand the role that the brain might play in behavioral innovation and diversification.
Predicting habitat suitability and range shifts under projected climate change for two octocorals in the north-east Atlantic
Authors: Jenkins Tom L. , Stevens Jamie R.
Published: May 2022

Species distribution models have become a valuable tool to predict the distribution of species across geographic space and time. In this study, maximum entropy models were constructed for two temperate shallow-water octocoral species, the pink sea fan (Eunicella verrucosa) and dead man’s fingers (Alcyonium digitatum), to investigate and compare habitat suitability. The study area covered the north-east Atlantic from the Bay of Biscay to the British Isles and southern Norway; this area includes both the northern range of E. verrucosa and the middle-northern range of A. digitatum. The optimal models for each species showed that, overall, slope, temperature at the seafloor and wave orbital velocity were important predictors of distribution in both species. Predictions of habitat suitability showed areas of present-day (1951–2000) suitable habitat where colonies have not yet been observed, particularly for E. verrucosa, where areas beyond its known northern range limit were identified. Moreover, analysis with future layers (2081–2100) of temperature and oxygen concentration predicted a sizable increase in habitat suitability for E. verrucosa beyond these current range limits under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario. This suggests that projected climate change may induce a potential range expansion northward for E. verrucosa, although successful colonisation would also be conditional on other factors such as dispersal and interspecific competition. For A. digitatum, this scenario of projected climate change may result in more suitable habitat in higher latitudes, but, as with E. verrucosa, there is a degree of uncertainty in the model predictions. Importantly, the results from this study highlight present-day areas of high habitat suitability which, if combined with knowledge on population density, could be used to identify priority areas to enhance protection and ensure the long-term survival of these octocoral species in the region.
Animal reactivity to camera traps and its effects on abundance estimate using distance sampling in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Houa Noël Adiko , Cappelle Noémie , Bitty Eloi Anderson , Normand Emmanuelle , Kablan Yves Aka , Boesch Christophe
Published: May 2022

The use of camera traps (CTs) has become an increasingly popular method of studying wildlife, as CTs are able to detect rare, nocturnal, and elusive species in remote and difficult-to-access areas. It thus makes them suited to estimate animal density and abundance, identify activity patterns and new behaviours of animals. However, animals can react when they see the CTs and this can lead to bias in the animal population estimates. While CTs may provide many advantages, an improved understanding of their impacts on individual’s behaviour is necessary to avoid erroneous density estimates. Yet, the impact of CTs on detected individuals, such as human odour near the device and the environment, or the infrared illumination, has received relatively little attention. To date, there is no clear procedure to remove this potential bias. Here, we use camera trap distance sampling (CTDS) to (1) quantify the bias resulting from the different animal responses to the CTs when determining animal density and abundance, and (2) test if olfactory, visual and auditory signals have an influence on the animals’ reaction to CTs. Between March 2019 and March 2020, we deployed CTs at 267 locations distributed systematically over the entire Taï National Park. We obtained 58,947 videos from which we analysed four medium- to-large-bodied species (Maxwell’s duiker (Philantomba maxwellii), Jentink’s duiker (Cephalophus jentinki), pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) and Western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus)) displaying different behaviours towards the CTs. We then established species-specific ethograms describing the behavioural responses to the CTs. Using these species-specific responses, we observed that the Maxwell’s duiker reacted weakly to CTs (about 0.11% of the distance data), contrary to Jentink’s duiker, pygmy hippopotamus and Western chimpanzee which reacted with relatively high frequencies, representing 32.82%, 52.96% and 16.14% of the distance data, respectively. Not taking into account the species-specific responses to the CTs can lead to an artificial doubling or tripling of the populations’ sizes. All species reacted more to the CTs at close distances. Besides, the Jentink’s duiker and the pygmy hippopotamus reacted significantly more to the CTs at night than during the day. Finally, as for olfactory signals, the probability of reaction to the CTs during the first days after CTs installation was weak in Maxwell’s duiker, but concerned 18% of the video captures in Western chimpanzees which decreasing with time, but they remained high in pygmy hippopotamus and Jentink’s duiker (65% and 70% of the video captures respectively). Careful consideration should be given to animal’s response to CTs during the analysis and in the field, by reducing human’s impact around the CTs installation.
El temor del Señor es el principio de la Sabiduría ( Proverbios 1:7). En Diálogo con Scientia Crucis de Edith Stein
Authors:   Pontificia Università Gregoriana (Italia), Caroleo Emma
Published: May 2022

La contribución se distinguirá en dos partes, la primera, donde se profundiza la experiencia espiritual de Edith Stein, cadencia por su investigación científica, su actividad académica, la conversión y la siguiente entrada al Carmelo y finalmente su martirio. La segunda parte está dedicada a la última escritura de Edith Stein, la hermana Teresa Benedicta de la cruz, Ciencia de la cruz. Es un diálogo con el texto y con la autora para tratar de disfrutar plenamente de su espiritualidad. El libro, publicado póstumamente e incompleto, se divide en tres partes. Los temas centrales de Ciencia de la cruz, son el ascenso del alma a Dios a través de la crucifixión (noche activa y pasiva) y la unión conponsal entre el alma y Dios. Ciencia de la cruz, tiene una estructura clara y lineal. Según el dibujo del autor, la obra se divide en tres partes, que llevan el título: 1. El Mensaje de la Cruz; 2. La doctrina de la Cruz; 3. Camino a la Cruz. Edith desarrolló las dos primeras partes. De la tercera parte tenemos un gran fragmento que, sólo parcialmente, puede considerarse como llevar a cabo la conclusión de la obra
Mente masculina y mente femenina: Edith Stein y la Neurociencia
Authors:   Escuela Universitaria de Teología (Argentina), Salinas Guillermo Santiago
Published: May 2022

Entre las actuales contribuciones de la neurociencia se encuentran nuevos estudios en torno a la cuestión de la diferenciación sexual cerebral, su relación con las conductas típicamente masculinas o femeninas y su desarrollo por factores genéticos y socioambientales. La cuestión acerca del origen de dichas diferencias aún se encuentra abierta, así como el problema de los fundamentos psicológicos de las conductas masculinas y femeninas. En el pensamiento de Edith Stein encontramos una respuesta para dichas problemáticas, además de una descripción psicológico-metafísica a partir de las tendencias generales del despliegue y desarrollo de la especificidad sexual, en sus variantes de masculinidad y feminidad. Realizando una comparación entre ambos planteos, puede llevarse a cabo un fructuoso diálogo para el conocimiento en torno a esta realidad, buscando avances acerca de la relación entre mente y cerebro, entre vida psicológico-espiritual y las conductas típicamente femeninas y masculinas.
Éric de Rus, (2019) Anthropologie phénoménologique et théorie de l’éducation dans l’œuvre d’Édith Stein, Paris, Cerf Patrimoines, 340 pgs.
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Álvarez Gutiérrez Rodrigo
Published: May 2022

Álvarez Gutiérrez , R. (2022). Éric de Rus, (2019) Anthropologie phénoménologique et théorie de l’éducation dans l’œuvre d’Édith Stein, Paris, Cerf Patrimoines, 340 pgs. STEINIANA: Revista De Estudios Interdisciplinarios, 5, 43–47. https://doi.org/10.7764/Steiniana.5.1.2021.4
María de la Paz Díaz / Alfonso Correa, (2020) Empatía, una experiencia virtuosa. Una aproximación reflexiva e intuitiva para su comprensión en lo cotidiano, Santiago, Editorial Al Viento, 87 pp.
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Meis Anneliese
Published: May 2022

Meis , A. (2022). María de la Paz Díaz / Alfonso Correa, (2020) Empatía, una experiencia virtuosa. Una aproximación reflexiva e intuitiva para su comprensión en lo cotidiano, Santiago, Editorial Al Viento, 87 pp. STEINIANA: Revista De Estudios Interdisciplinarios, 5, 48–49. https://doi.org/10.7764/Steiniana.5.1.2021.5
¿Dasein o Castillo Interior?. Diálogo entre Teresa de Jesús, Edith Stein y Martin Heidegger
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chávez Aguilar Pamela Lucía
Published: May 2022

Chávez Aguilar, P. L. (2022). ¿Dasein o Castillo Interior?. Diálogo entre Teresa de Jesús, Edith Stein y Martin Heidegger . STEINIANA: Revista De Estudios Interdisciplinarios, 5, 50–55. https://doi.org/10.7764/Steiniana.5.1.2021.6
Potential Determinants of Manual Lifting: Validation of Ergonomic Assessment by Scoping Review Applying Meta-analysis Approach
Authors: Mondal Kiran , Majumdar Deepti , Patel Jai Chand , Ragumani Sugadev , Sahrawat Tammanna R
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Despite automation, manual load lifting is unavoidable in occupations like Industry, healthcare, defence, etc. Ergonomics studies on manual lifting conducted across the globe explored few aspects of biomechanical and physiological responses. It was hypothesised that, ‘holistic ergonomics approach’ involving simultaneous recording of these responses under single study, would elucidate potential injury causing factors more effectively and results could be validated by applying meta-analysis technique of literature review. Aim: To identify the potential determinants of manual lifting by applying multivariate statistics to existing data and correlate the results with determinants as per literature review applying meta-Analysis. Materials and Methods: Clustering and principal component analysis tools of factor analysis was applied on the data obtained under the pilot study (n=11) undertaken by same authors previously on manual lifting that assessed 26 dependent parameters simultaneously for load magnitudes (10 kg, 20 kg), lifting heights (floor-knuckle, knuckle-shoulder and floorshoulder) and lifting frequencies (1lift.min-1, 4lifts.min-1). Further, extensive scoping literature review on determinants of manual load lifting was done applying text mining tool of meta-analysis technique on R software platform using 921 pubmed abstracts published between 1991 and 2018. Results: Salient findings of factor analysis corroborated with that of scoping literature review. Accordingly, dependent variable ‘Vertical Ground Reaction Force (VGRF)’ and independent variable ‘vertical height of lift’ changed most significantly during manual lifting, showing significant positive correlations. Newton’s third law of motion states that while bipedal standing/walking/running on floor, two forces (with three vector components) are acting upon a person: the force of gravity (downward force, equivalent to body weight) and the Ground Reaction Force (GRF, an equal upward force exerted by floor). However, while standing still at one place for lifting load, only the largest vector component of GRF, i.e., VGRF acts on the body (=‘body weight’+‘load magnitude’) through the vertical height of lift. Conclusion: It may be concluded that ‘vertical height of lift’ and VGRF are possible indicators of injury potential of manual lifting. However, studies on larger sample size and meta-analysis of relevant full papers instead of abstracts need to be done in future.
Efficacy of Bepotastine versus Olopatadine Ophthalmic Solutions in Mild to Moderate Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis as a Sole Therapy
Authors: Dara Rahul , Mahaur Vandana , Devendra Jaya , Vyas Malhar , Prajapat Manish , Ahluwalia Tejinder Singh
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, seasonally exacerbated allergic ocular inflammation of the conjunctiva. It affects predominantly the school going male population and is not so common. There is a paucity of comparative studies on efficacies of dual-action topical agents having both antihistamine and mast cell stabilizing properties. These are currently the first line drugs in the management of mild to moderate VKC. Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of bepotastine besilate 1.5% and olopatadine Hydrochloride (HCl) 0.1%, ophthalmic solutions in mild to moderate VKC patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective, comparative study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department at National Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, from January 2020 to January 2021. It included 76 patients having mild to moderate VKC who were randomized into two groups of 38 patients each. Each group was assigned to be treated with one of the two treatment options namely bepotastine besilate 1.5% and olopatadine HCl 0.1% ophthalmic solutions. Typical symptoms and signs of VKC like ocular itching, watering, mucoid discharge, conjunctival hyperaemia and tarsal papillary hypertrophy were recorded at baseline and at the time of followup on 7th day, 15th and 30th day using simplified scoring 4-point scales ranging from 0-3. Safety assessment was also done. Friedman’s test and Mann-Whitney’s U test were performed for intra-arm and inter-arm analysis of continuous variables respectively. Nominal categorical data between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 10.49 ± 2.95 years and the male to female ratio (M:F) was 1.7:1. After 30 days of drug therapy, patients in both arms showed significant improvement in the symptoms and signs scoring of VKC. There was no statistically significant difference in efficacy on interarm analysis at baseline and subsequent follow-ups. Almost all patients became free from their symptoms and signs at the end of the study. However, 25 of 38 (65.8%) patients in bepotastine treated group and 23 of 38 (60.5%) patients in olopatadine treated group had residual tarsal papillae. None of the patients in either group reported any significant adverse effects. Conclusion: Both bepotastine besilate 1.5% and olopatadine HCl 0.1% ophthalmic solutions are safe and equally effective in alleviating the clinical symptoms and signs of mild to moderate VKC.
ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ МИФА ОБ АМАЗОНКАХ В «КНИГЕ О ГРАДЕ ЖЕНСКОМ» (1405) КРИСТИНЫ ДЕ ПИЗАН, "Средние века"
Authors: Бычков П.С.
Published: May 2022

Одним из наиболее оригинальных и ярких фрагментов сочинения Кристины де Пизан «Книга о Граде Женском» (1405) являются главы, посвященные воительницам-амазонкам и их королевам. В XIV–XV вв. эти персонажи фигурировали во многих поэтических и прозаических произведениях, а также в изобразительном искусстве. Кристина де Пизан заново конструирует образ амазонок, сохраняя некоторые черты, присущие им и в средневековой традиции, но вкладывает новое идейное содержание в связанные с ними сюжеты. Черпая информацию об амазонках у Петрарки и Боккаччо, французская писательница использует античные мотивы и образы известных женских героинь для того, чтобы развенчать мизогинистические взгляды своих современников на женскую природу. Новая интерпретация Кристиной де Пизан мифа об амазонках найдет отражение в культуре Франции XV–XVI вв. в связи с деятельностью Жанны д’Арк и заложит основу образа цариц-амазонок в искусстве и литературе последующих эпох.
КАК РАБОТАЛИ МАНОРИАЛЬНЫЕ СУДЫ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ АНГЛИИ: СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕДУРЫ, "Средние века"
Authors: Винокурова М.В.
Published: May 2022

В статье на основе изучения специальной литературы и протоколов манориальных курий обобщаются научные данные о работе поместных судов средневековой Англии. В частности, ставится вопрос о становлении в них в XIII–XIV вв. судебной процедуры. Это становление было связано с переходом от ордалий, очистительных клятв и общих крестьянских собраний-галимотов к постепенному утверждению в правовой повседневности манора таких важных нововведений, как суд присяжных, принцип состязательности суда, оглашение в курии судебного дела по результатам его расследования и опора на документальные свидетельства. Также рассматривается вопрос об особенностях рецепции манориальными судами основных правовых норм судов общего права Англии – во взаимодействии такого рода локальных судов с развитием манориального обычая и влиянием этого взаимодействия на повседневность манора и его историческую судьбу.
«ГОСПОДЬ – МОЯ НАДЕЖДА»: ШТРИХИ К ПОРТРЕТУ ОДНОЙ ГЕРЦОГИНИ, "Средние века"
Authors: Прокопьев А.Ю. , Савельев Г.А.
Published: May 2022

Статья анализирует записи в экземпляре Библии, хранящейся в собрании Библиотеки Российской академии наук, которые позволяют осветить личность и обстоятельства жизни Элизабет Магдалены (1580–1649), герцогини Курляндии и Семигалии. Автографы княжеских персон и маргиналии отражают аспекты династической солидарности княжеских Домов Империи и Прибалтики, духовный мир представительниц княжеской элиты и отдельные эпизоды политической истории герцогства Курляндии. Особый акцент сделан на отношениях между Элизабет Магдаленой и герцогом Вильгельмом, с правлением которого оказался связан один из самых драматичных эпизодов в жизни Курлянлии: убийство братьев Нольде в 1615 г.
Factors Affecting Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in University Students
Authors: Akalın Arkın , Acar Hasan , Saygılı Neriman , Çaydaş Şevval
Published: May 2022

Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, many people have not been vaccinated. One of the most important reasons for this is the people who are hesitant about the vaccine. If the factors affecting vaccination are revealed and awareness-raising activities are carried out, deaths due to the Covid-19 pandemic can be reduced by ensuring that more people are vaccinated.

Aim: Our aim is to reveal the factors affecting the Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in university students.

Material and Methods: Our study was carried out on 1005 students who participated in the study at the Girne American University of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

The sociodemographic characteristics of the students were determined, questions were asked about the factors affecting the vaccination by face-to-face survey method, and the results were evaluated statistically.

Results: 451 people out of 1005 students had hesitations about getting the Covid-19 vaccines, and 554 students were vaccinated without hesitation. The most important reasons for the hesitations of the students; fear of needles, belief that the vaccine is ineffective, fear of the side effects of the vaccine, and the thought that they do not need to be vaccinated because other people are vaccinated have been found to be effective.

Conclusion: In order to increase vaccination rates among university students, vaccines should be made with needle-free methods, and studies to raise awareness about the effectiveness and side effects of Covid-19 vaccines should be urgently planned and implemented by authorized institutions.
Impact of Tillage and Phosphorus Application on Agronomic Efficiency of Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Eastern Part of DRC
Authors: Chakirwa Z. P. , Rudahaba N. A. , Cubaka K. E. , Rudahaba N. H. , Bwigangane A. B. , Mukotanyi M. S. , Bashagaluke B. J.
Published: May 2022

There is limited information on the impact of tillage and Phosphorus application on Phosphorus Agronomic efficiency of maize and, the implication for crop yield on different soil types in the Eastern part of DRC. To bridge this gap in knowledge, a study was undertaken in the major rainy season of 2018 on an Orthi-Ferric Acrisol at Walungu and Rhodic Lixisol at Mulungu in the Easter montain of DRC. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four replications for both locations. There were two variants for the tillage factor: conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems and four phosphorus application rates: 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 in the form of triple superphosphate (TSP) designated as P0, P30, P60 and P90, with basal applications of nitrogen and potassium at the rates of 90 kg N ha-1 and 60 kg K2O ha-1. Phosphorus use efficiency indices such as partial factor productivity (PFP) and agronomic efficiency (PAE) were evaluated. The results showed tillage to generally influence P use efficiency of maize in both experimental sites at harvesting with good values for CT. Phosphorus was efficiently utilized by the maize crops at on both soils. Significant tillage x phosphorus interactions (p<0.05) were recorded among treatment combinations with regards to PFP and PAE at both Walungu and Kabare Though CTP60 Kabare recorded the highest grain yield comparable to that of CTP60 at Walungu. Although its limitation in most of tropical soil, Phosphorus can be used efficiently under valuable tillage systems for sustainable crop production in this area.
The Effect of Market Channels and Prices on the Income and Livelihood of Cashew Farmers in Kombo South District of the Gambia
Authors: Gomez David , Fatty Lamin K. M. , Pinga Esther Seember , Gomez Mariama
Published: May 2022

This study examined the effect of market channels and prices on the income and livelihood of cashew farmers in Kombo South District of The Gambia. The objectives of the study were to ascertain include the types of market channels and their impacts on the income and livelihood of cashew farmers. A sample of 384 cashew famers was selected from Kombo South District using Taro Yamane formula. The findings of the study revealed that the main actors in the cashew market channels were wholesalers and retailers who serve as middlemen and they impose prices on the farmers. The findings also indicated that majority of the farmers sold their raw cashew nuts at a low price in 2020 than the previous year. The findings indicate that highlighted that market channels dictate prices and therefore affect the income and livelihoods of farmers, and also cause loss of jobs in plantations. The study therefore recommended that Cashew farmers should form cooperative societies as this will be the easiest channel through which their predicaments can be heard, and other benefits such as insecticides, fertilizers, soft loans and even grants can be accessed. The government should assist farmers in seasons where international prices are very low to prevent poverty and hunger and value addition in cashew nuts should be a priority especially with Food Technology Services (FTS) of the Department of Agriculture (DoA).
Futuro passado
Authors: Pinto de Sousa Gustavo
Published: May 2022

Resenha do livro KOSELLECK, Reinhardt. Futuro passado. Contribuições à semântica dos tempos históricos. Rio de Janeiro: Contraponto; Ed. PUC-Rio, 2006.
MGMT inactivation as a new biomarker in patients with advanced biliary tract cancers
Authors: Niger Monica , Nichetti Federico , Casadei‐Gardini Andrea , Morano Federica , Pircher Chiara , Tamborini Elena , Perrone Federica , Canale Matteo , Lipka Daniel B. , Vingiani Andrea , Agnelli Luca , Dobberkau Anna , Hüllein Jennifer , Korell Felix , Heilig Christoph E. , Pusceddu Sara , Corti Francesca , Droz Michele , Ulivi Paola , Prisciandaro Michele , Antista Maria , Bini Marta , Cattaneo Laura , Milione Massimo , Glimm Hanno , Köhler Bruno C. , Pruneri Giancarlo , Hübschmann Daniel , Fröhling Stefan , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Pietrantonio Filippo , Di Bartolomeo Maria , de Braud Filippo
Published: May 2022

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The impact of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) inactivation in advanced BTC patients is not established. We investigated the prevalence, prognostic, and predictive impact of MGMT inactivation in two multicenter cohorts. MGMT inactivation was assessed through PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in an Italian cohort; the results were then externally validated using RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) data from the BTC subcohort of the Molecularly Aided Stratification for Tumor Eradication Research (MASTER) precision oncology program of the National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg and the German Cancer Consortium. Among 164 Italian cases, 18% presented MGMT promoter hypermethylation (> 14%) and 73% had negative MGMT protein expression. Both were associated with worse overall survival (OS; HR 2.31; P < 0.001 and HR 1.99, P = 0.012, respectively). In the MASTER cohort, patients with lower MGMT mRNA expression showed significantly poorer OS (median OS [mOS] 20.4 vs 31.7 months, unadjusted HR 1.89; P = 0.043). Our results suggest that MGMT inactivation is a frequent epigenetic alteration in BTC, with a significant prognostic impact, and provide the rationale to explore DNA‐damaging agents in MGMT‐inactivated BTCs.
NY opioid settlement money in danger of being co‐opted by the state
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2022

Advocates across the country have been eagerly awaiting proceeds from lawsuits against the opioid pharmaceutical industry. The New York State legislature passed a bill designed to make sure that the opioid settlement money did not suffer the same fate as the Master Settlement Agreement between the tobacco industry and states' attorneys general in the late ‘90s in which the money that was supposed to go to treatment for tobacco‐related diseases went instead into the state coffers (see Opioid settlement money for treatment? It's up to the states, ADAW Sept. 13, 2021; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33186?af=R). The legislature guaranteed that an independent advisory board would make recommendations on how the opioid settlement money would be spent (see New York law paves way for distributing opioid settlement funds to treatment, ADAW July 11, 2021; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33127). But the first batch of that money, $208 million, has apparently been disappearing into a state‐run secret system in which the advisory board is being shafted. The money is shepherded by the Office of Addiction Services and Supports (OASAS).
Lawmakers call for increased funding for SAMHSA
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2022

Last month a group of representatives called on the U.S. House Committee on Appropriations to increase funding for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), in particular, for the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP), and the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment (SAPT) Block Grant.
Atomic Insights of Stable, Monodispersed CsPbI3−xBrx (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) Nanocrystals Synthesized by Modified Ligand Cell
Authors: Ghorai Arup , Mahato Somnath , Srivastava Sanjeev Kumar , Ray Samit K.
Published: May 2022

Synthesis of monodispersed, stable halide, and mixed halide perovskite nanocrystals by hot‐injection approach is still challenging due to the fast reaction kinetics and unrevealed ligand chemistry. The atomic scale imaging of perovskite nanocrystals using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is also challenging because of their structural degradation due to high electron dose and soft nature of perovskites. Here, a novel technique is proposed to synthesize pure cubic phase, monodispersed, stable CsPbX3 (X = I/Br) nanocrystals by simply modifying ligand chemistry using olive oil, which also leads to realization of tuneable composition mixed halide perovskites by simple physical mixing. Here, the atomic scale images and the probable distribution of Cs, Pb, and I/Br atoms in single halide and mixed halide perovskites via high‐resolution TEM microscopy are presented. The estimated atomic distance (PbPb and PbI/Br) is strongly corroborated with the VESTA structure. Interestingly, the lattice constant (d‐value) of the synthesized nanocrystals is smaller (≈3%) than the theoretical predicted one, leading to a higher phase stability in laboratory ambient conditions (45–55% humidity, 300 K). The theoretical analysis using density functional theory enlightens the understanding of higher stability of CsPbI2Br along with the maximum optical absorption in the visible regime, as a preferable material for the photovoltaic applications.
Octopus Inspired Hydrogel Actuator with Synergistic Structural Color and Shape Change
Authors: Yu Ronghua , Zhu Liqian , Xia Yongqing , Liu Jiahui , Liang Jinhui , Xu Jintao , Wang Baoshuo , Wang Shengjie
Published: May 2022

Living organisms in nature, such as chameleon and octopus, have amazing performances by changing their color and shape simultaneously for camouflage. Inspired by the camouflage behaviors of octopus, an intelligent hydrogel actuator with tunable structural color is presented in this work. The actuator is fabricated by a typical bilayer of active poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel layer and inert poly(acrylamide‐acrylic acid) hydrogel layer, which endows the actuator shape‐changing by temperature stimulus. The only difference about this actuator is a thin layer of thermoresponsive microgels film embedded into the PNIPAM hydrogel layer, and thus tunable structural color can be displayed with the shape‐changing of the actuator. This makes the preparation procedure straightforward and environment‐friendly. Moreover, when multi‐wall carbon nanotubes are incorporated into the hydrogel, the color and shape of the hydrogel can be controlled via remote near‐infrared irradiation. This smart hydrogel actuator would be of benefit in various fields such as grippers, and soft robots with dynamic camouflage.
Plasmonic Polycrystals within Microbowl Arrays
Authors: Liu Hong , Xu Chao , Ding Qianqian , Zhao Chenglong , Xiao Xiangheng , Yang Shikuan
Published: May 2022

Plasmonic polycrystals composed of loosely packed plasmonic nanoparticles formed microscale plasmonic grains with random orientations may exhibit interesting optical properties. Their fabrication includes placing nanoparticles in order to form plasmonic grains and forming the random orientation of the plasmonic grains. The seemingly mutually exclusive nanoparticle ordering and random grain orientation processes challenge existing technologies. Here a self‐assembled bowl‐in‐bowl template‐confined dewetting process to prepare plasmonic polycrystals is developed. The size and composition of the plasmonic nanoparticles can be conveniently designed before experiments, which are inaccessible to conventional fabrication methods. Complex plasmonic coupling between the Au nanoparticles and the plasmonic grains within the plasmonic polycrystals is observed. The microbowls further endow plasmonic nanostructures with more interesting optical properties arising from multiple scattering processes within the concave bowl surfaces. The broadband response of the plasmonic polycrystals makes them active under 532, 633, and 785 nm laser excitation for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing applications. Finite‐difference time‐domain simulations are performed to explain the optical properties of the plasmonic polycrystals and the SERS enhancement. The simple template‐confined dewetting process provides a powerful approach to design plasmonic polycrystals with application potentials in plasmonic, sensing, and photonic fields.
Self‐Healing Perovskite Films Enabled by Fluorinated Cross‐Linked Network Targeting Flexible Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Zang Jiaqing , Cai Lei , Zou Yatao , Li Ya , Bai Guilin , Hong Zhiwei , Chen Zhewei , Jiang Conghui , Song Yuhang , Zeng Xuelian , Song Tao , Sun Baoquan
Published: May 2022

Perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are promising technologies for advanced display and lighting source applications. Alongside tremendous efforts to improve efficiency, developing flexible devices could potentially enable PeLEDs compatible with wearable, foldable, bio‐integrated, and other intriguing functionalities. However, the flexible PeLEDs currently have not received enough attention. The overall performance still lags behind the rigid one, mainly attributed to the lack of mechanically stable perovskite thin films with desirable optical and electrical properties. Herein, a self‐healing strategy to achieve flexible perovskite films with improved mechanical reliability and optoelectrical properties is proposed. A multi‐functional silane molecule of (3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl) trimethoxysilane (TFPTMS) is incorporated into a perovskite precursor, which could undergo an in situ cross‐linking process and generate a flexible Si–O–Si network within the perovskite films. In addition, the reversible hydrolysis and condensation reactions and the fluorinated alkyl chains endow the perovskite films with self‐healing capability. Accordingly, the synergistic influences contribute to high‐efficiency flexible PeLEDs with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 16.2%. Moreover, 75% of the initial efficiency value is reserved even after 1000 bending cycles. This work paves a way to rationalize flexible perovskite thin films for various optoelectronic applications.
Targeting the HDAC6‐Cilium Axis Ameliorates the Pathological Changes Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Ran Jie , Zhang Yao , Zhang Sai , Li Haixia , Zhang Liang , Li Qingchao , Qin Juan , Li Dengwen , Sun Lei , Xie Songbo , Zhang Xiaomin , Liu Lin , Liu Min , Zhou Jun
Published: May 2022

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of childhood visual impairment and blindness. However, there are still very few effective pharmacological interventions for ROP. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)‐mediated disassembly of photoreceptor cilia has recently been implicated as an early event in the pathogenesis of ROP. Herein it is shown that enhanced expression of HDAC6 by intravitreal injection of adenoviruses encoding HDAC6 induces the typical pathological changes associated with ROP in mice, including disruption of the membranous disks of photoreceptor outer segments and a decrease in electroretinographic amplitudes. Hdac6 transgenic mice exhibit similar ROP‐related defects in retinal structures and functions and disassembly of photoreceptor cilia, whereas Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to oxygen change‐induced retinal defects. It is further shown that blocking HDAC6‐mediated cilium disassembly by intravitreal injection of small‐molecule compounds protect mice from ROP‐associated retinal defects. The findings indicate that pharmacological targeting of the HDAC6‐cilium axis may represent a promising strategy for the prevention of ROP.