bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHOD OF CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS OF ANTI-ALIASING FILTERS FOR CORRECTION OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS DEPENDING ON THE SAMPLING STRUCTURES USED IN COLOR FILTER ARRAYS
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, ROMANOV S.G. , VLASUYK I.V. ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics
Published: September 2023

When developing algorithms and methods for generating and processing image signals (IS) used in devices based on single-matrix light-to-signal converters (LSC), the effects of not only the elements of the system included in the optical pathway (OP) located directly between the exposed image and device sensor, but also the specifics of the structure of color filter arrays (CFA) used in such cameras, applied to the surface of the matrix. In this article analyzed the most popular SSF subsampling structures and their impact on the spatial characteristics of the generated images. Based on the model for constructing these characteristics, a method is given for calculating the optimal parameters of anti-aliasing filters that match the properties of the OP and the sensor for a given characteristic of the optical system. Specific examples of calculating and optimizing such filters and evaluating their impact on the amplitude characteristics of signals are given. Based on the results of applying the developed method, formulated recommendations for the design of the CFA.
MODIFIED INVARIANT AMPLITUDE MODULATION WITH TWO REFERENCE SIGNALS
Authors:   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, PAVLOV I.I. , PAVLOVA M.C. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, ABRAMOVA E.S. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, ABRAMOV S.S. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, KHAN .A. ,   Laboratory of Optical Location V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, SHCHERBAKOV YU.S. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science
Published: September 2023

The model of modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals considered in the article belongs to the field of systems, networks and devices of telecommunications and radio engineering and can be used in radio transmitting devices, telecommunication systems and devices where an amplitude-modulated transmitted signal is required for transmission through a communication channel. The achieved technical result of the modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals is aimed at the possibility of forming an amplitude-modulated transmitted signal with increased noise immunity characteristics to a specific type of interference. Algorithms of modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals are proposed, and based on these algorithms, block diagrams of a modified invariant amplitude modulator and a demodulator with two reference signals were developed. In order to obtain experimental data for the analysis of a modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals when it is affected by interference in the communication channel, the communication system was simulated and the necessary data calculated in Matlab. Additive white Gaussian noise was chosen as an interference in the communication channel. The article presents a simplified block diagram of the communication system of the experimental model. To compare the results, modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals will be used as a modulator and demodulator, in the first case, and in the second case, amplitude modulation and demodulation. As a result, estimates of the dependence of the standard deviation on the value of the signal-to noise ratio and the probability of a bit error on the value of the signal-to-noise ratio were obtained. The standard deviation for modified invariant amplitude modulation and demodulation with two reference signals has significantly lower values than the standard deviation for amplitude modulation and demodulation. The transmission of information with the same reliability through a communication channel with a modified invariant amplitude modulation with two reference signals requires a significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio than transmission through a communication channel with amplitude modulation.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE FREQUENCY-TIME CONVERSION WINDOW DURING THE DECOMPOSITION OF THE SIGNAL RADIO PROFILE
Authors:   MIREA - Russian Technological University, BOIKOV K.A.
Published: September 2023

Known methods of time-frequency transformation, such as the Gabor-Ville transform, wavelet transform, are complex and cumbersome in calculations, require the correct selection of basic expansion functions, may have interference points and negative values of the spectral density function. The presence of space-time uncertainty inherent in any frequency-time decomposition, as well as the lack of the possibility of correcting the found expansion coefficients, make modern methods of frequency-time transformation ineffective in the analysis of signal radio profiles (SRP). Decomposition of SRP with windowed correlation feedback eliminates the above disadvantages by multiple enumeration of parameters, however, this occurs at the expense of a significant increase in the transformation time. The transformation window here is understood as a rectangular function that moves along the time axis from the origin. In this work, the window width is understood as the number of sampling points falling into the rectangular window function, which is equivalent to the length of the function along the time axis. The window step is the number of sampling points to which the rectangular window function (transformation window) moves in the time-frequency decomposition. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of the frequency-time decomposition of the SRP by analyzing the parameters of the transformation window in decomposition with windowed correlation feedback. In the study, experimental research methods are used to register the electrical component of the electromagnetic field radiated by the product - SRP. Correlation analysis methods for determining the best match between the reference and reconstructed SRP. Methods of digital signal processing with frequency-time decomposition. The paper presents the registered SRPs and their parameters, a correlation analysis of the SRP data is carried out. The dependences of the correlation functions on the width and step of the window are given for a different number of sampling points of the registered SRP. The results obtained for the first time showed the possibility of using certain parameters of the transformation window to improve the accuracy and significantly reduce the time of SRP decomposition, which makes the work novel. It has been established that with a window width equal to half the length of the SRP itself and a window step of not more than a tenth of the length of the SRP, it is possible to achieve an increase in the cross-correlation between the original and restored SRP up to 0.95. Recommendations are given on the speed of recording equipment when receiving PDS (sampling rate below 10 GS/s). The practical significance of the work lies in the reduction of iterations of the multi-parameter approximation when using correlation feedback in the course of SRP decomposition, which significantly reduces the conversion time and improves its accuracy.
THE ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR FM BROADCASTING WITH CIRCULAR POLARIZATION AND THE POSSIBILITY OF SIMULTANEOUS WORK BY TWO GROUPS OF TRANSMITTERS
Authors:   Russian television and broadcasting network (RTRN), KHMELUK YU.A. , SHUSTERMAN F.D. ,   Russian television and broadcasting network (RTRN), SEREDA K.E. ,   Russian television and broadcasting network (RTRN)
Published: September 2023

In large radio centers with a large number of broadcasting transmitters of the VHF band operating in the range of 87.5-108 MHz the most common type of antennas are panel antennas. The advantage of these antennas is a large capacity – up to hundreds of kilowatts, the ability to form radiation patterns of various shapes based on the characteristics of the service area, the distribution of population density in this zone and sanitary requirements for residential areas. To meet these requirements, in some cases, the use of antennas that occupy a significant place on masts is required. The implementation of these requirements often interferes with the absence of sufficient free space on masts. In addition, at large radio centers there is a serious problem of placing a large number of powerful FM broadcasting transmitters on one antenna. One of the reasons for the limitation of the number of transmitters is large losses in inseries included combiners. One of the ways to increase the number of transmitters working on one antenna is the use of panel antennas with a doubled number of dipole in each panel having different polarization – vertical and horizontal. Such antennas allow you to work simultaneously with two groups of transmitters with different polarizations on two feeders. The disadvantage of such a solution is that different radio stations operating on the same antenna with different linear polarizations in different conditions of propagation of radio waves at the same power can create different field levels at reception points, which puts them in unequal conditions. Such an antenna can also work with circular polarization but has the only input for only one group of transmitters. An antenna supply scheme is proposed which allows two independent groups of transmitters to work simultaneously on one antenna with circular polarization and use all the advantages of the propagation of circular polarization radio waves in urban conditions and with mobile reception.
A MODULATION PARAMETERS OF NEW COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, ZHURAVLEV A.P. , RYUMSHIN K.YU. ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, ATAKISCHEV O.I. ,   IIF, TITENKO E.A. ,   South West State University, TITENKO M.A. ,   South West State University
Published: September 2023

The work consists in describing the types of modulation and their parameters for the selection and construction of modern digital communication networks with multiple subscriber access to network resources and high-speed interconnection. The goal is to systematize communication systems and provide multiple access of network subscribers to resources and high-speed data exchange. Solution method. The article discusses the technologies and standards of modern communication systems in terms of the structure of the construction of receiving and transmitting devices from the conversion of an analog signal into a digital form to the flow of symbolic solutions from the output of the demodulator. The classification of types of wired/wireless communication, communication standards, types of modulation on an analog carrier is carried out. The features of the hardware implementation of receiving and transmitting devices, transmission speeds and operating conditions of communication channels were taken into account. The largest manufacturers of the element base and specialized digital signal processing chips are presented, on which the interfaces of the physical layer of most receiving and transmitting devices of communication systems are implemented. As a result of the analysis, a set of modulation types that are currently used in most communication channels was determined, as well as the main parameters of their operation.
FULL ENUMERATION METHODS ON GRAPHS
Authors:   Institute for Networking Technology, KUDELYA V.N.
Published: September 2023

Requirements for algorithms for specific problems of discrete mathematics are changing. This is dictated by an urgent need to increase calculation accuracy in technology-related problems brought about by rapid digitization and virtualization, which actively permeated various scientific areas and changes the approach to previously studied objects. These objects include n-dimensional structures, known as circular structures, that describe global processes occurring in communication networks, multi-processor systems, in collective communications, stock market structures etc. Given that, both the development of new mathematical methods of solving problems and the solution of related calculation problems are deemed important. The enumeration method, based on various modifications of systematic viewing (traversal) of graph elements and labeling, has been widely used and quite fully developed for a long time. The purpose of the article is to announce graphs presentation and the enumeration methods on graphs presentations: the transposition method and the node-graph method. This publication presents the basic results of the author's work on reducing the severity of the NP-complete problem class.
COMMUNICATIONS AND DIGITAL TWINS
Authors:   Volga State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, LIKHTTSINDER B. YA.
Published: September 2023

This article discusses various types of modeling and the concept of "digital twin", as well as concepts and examples of their implementation. It is noted that computer modeling allows not only to obtain a forecast, but also to determine which control actions on the system will lead to a favorable development of events between the components of the model, which are a reflection of real relationships. Modern production processes are very complex and distributed in space and time. Therefore, models of such processes should take into account the distributed nature of the modeling objects. An analysis of the interaction of the digital model with the simulation object representing the real process is also carried out. It is shown that the interaction occurs through interfaces that provide interface between the model and the simulation object. A cross-domain model for managing telecommunications functions is considered. As an example of digital twins using time series models, a model of time delay in a telecommunications network is considered. This model is used to control the buffering system in networks for the transmission of streaming video traffic.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFORMATION COMPONENT IN SCATTERING FIELD OF RECEIVING ANTENNAS
Authors:   Institute of Radio and Information Systems (IRIS), Smirnov Evgeny
Published: September 2023

In previous theoretical works, it was shown that the total scattering field of an arbitrary receiving antenna includes an information component responsible for transmitting information from a plane wave to the antenna load, and its properties were studied. This work is devoted to the formulation of conditions that must be satisfied by receiving antennas used for experimental detection of the information component of the antenna scattering field. All the results indicated in these works were obtained in analytical form by solving the problem of plane wave scattering by an arbitrary receiving antenna in a rigorous formulation. Therefore, experiments to detect and study the properties of the information component of the antenna scattering field are becoming relevant at present. Since the shape of the information component of the antenna scattering field is known to us and is associated with the antenna polar pattern in transmission mode, when carrying out experimental work to study it, the reduction of the unknown orthogonal component of the antenna scattering field, unknown to us, against which it is necessary to highlight the information component, comes to the fore. component of the antenna scattering field. In order to be able to control the orthogonal component of the antenna scattering field, it is necessary to first find out on what parameters of the measuring setup it depends and the reason for its appearance. It is shown that on the surface of such an antenna in the receiving mode the current component should dominate, which is complex conjugate to the current on the surface of the same antenna in the transmitting mode, and the reason for the appearance of the stray field component of the antenna not participating in the process of transmitting information from plane wave to the antenna load.
Bezdroża i długie trwanie filmu „noir”
Authors: Smoliński Sebastian
Published: September 2023

Książka Patrycji Włodek „Wszystko noir?”. O inspiracjach i wariantach – życie po życiu film noir (2022) jest analizą wybranych aspektów czarnego kryminału łączącą refleksję nad kinem klasycznym z omówieniem najnowszych dzieł gatunku. Autorka ogranicza perspektywę do kina amerykańskiego i szuka powtarzalnych tropów (np. femme fatale i homme fatale) oraz przykładów tematycznego i narracyjnego wykorzystania pojęcia gaslighting. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują rozważania autorki o filmie noir jako nurcie osadzonym w konkretnych przestrzeniach (np. rural-noir, Cal-noir) i podatnym na mariaż z innymi podgatunkami (stoner noir). Ograniczenie pola badań do kina amerykańskiego uniemożliwia jednak głębsze osadzenie filmu noir w kontekście globalnym. Włodek nie stawia przy tym pytania o przyczyny niesłabnącej popularności czarnych kryminałów i ich dzisiejszą funkcję kulturową oraz ideologiczną. Wartością pracy jest jednak odwołanie się do licznych dzieł spoza kanonu filmu noir.
DETEKSI WARNA BOTOL KEMASAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HAAR CASCADE DAN HSV FEATURE
Authors: Jinggo Pratama Adi Surya , Rosita Yesy Diah , Ardiantoro Luki
Published: September 2023

Pengenalan warna pada objek dalam aplikasi pengolahan gambar memiliki peran penting dalam industri, termasuk industri daur ulang dimana. Identifikasi warna botol minuman plastik merupakan tahap penting dalam proses pengolahan dan pemilahan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengusulkan metode untuk mengidentifikasi warna botol plastik menggunakan kombinasi dari metode Haar Cascade dan fitur warna HSV.Metode Haar Cascade digunakan untuk mendeteksi botol minuman plastik dalam gambar. Setelah deteksi botol minuman plastik dilakukan, fitur warna HSV digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi warna dari botol. Pertama gambar botol minuman plastik yang terdeteksi dikonversi ke dalam ruang warna HSV. Lalu, range warna HSV yang sesuai dengan warna botol minuman plastik yang diinginkan ditentukan. Setelah itu, nilai rata-rata dari komponen Hue dari (HSV) dihitung untuk memperoleh representasi warna botol. Kemudian, klasifikasi warna dilakukan dengan membandingkan representasi warna botol dengan range warna yang telah ditentukan. Untuk mengevaluasi kinerja aplikasi, peneliti menggunakan dataset gambar botol plastik yang beragam. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan berhasil mencapai tingkat deteksi sebesar 90% untuk identifikasi warna botol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Haar Cascade dan HSV feature efektif dalam mengidentifikasi warna botol minuman plastik dengan tingkat akurasi yang memadai. Penelitian ini berpotensi untuk diimplementasikan dalam sistem otomatis seperti pemilahan botol plastik pada bank sampah.
MEMINIMALKAN PRODUK CACAT PADA PRODUKSI TEPUNG BUMBU PRAKTIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE QCC (QUALITY CONTROL CIRCLE) DAN SIX SIGMA
Authors: Syamsudin Muzayin , Puspitorini Pipit Sari , Efendi Imaduddin Bachtiar
Published: September 2023

PT Ajinomoto Indonesia Mojokerto Factory adalah perusahaan yang terkenal dalam produksi dan penjualan berbagai produk dan bahan makanan, dengan fokus pada penyedap rasa dan bahan baku makanan. Pabrik ini menerapkan standar kualitas yang tinggi dalam proses produksinya. Dalam proses produksinya, ditemukan produk cacat / bad packed rata-rata sebesar 0,064 % setiap bulannya, sedangkan target perusahaan adalah 0,05 %. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor penyebab produk cacat dan menentukan langkah perbaikan untuk meminimalkan produk cacat pada produksi tepung bumbu praktis STB 75 gram di PT Ajinomoto Indonesia Mojokerto Factory menggunakan metode QCC (Quality Control Circle) dan Six Sigma. Dari data dan hasil pengamatan, faktor penyebab produk cacat (Critical To Quality) ada 8 yaitu Upperweight, Underweight, Kemasan Bocor, Scatter, Terkontaminasi Benda Asing, Kemasan Kotor, Expire Date Tidak Sesuai, Porforasi/Potongan. Penelitian dengan  diagram Pareto, terlihat jenis kecacatan yang paling dominan adalah Underweight sebesar 71% atau 2161 pcs, Kemasan Bocor sebesar 10% atau 294 pcs, dan cacat Upperweight sebesar 8% atau 247 pcs. Rata-rata nilai DPMO proses produksi STB 75 gram selama 12 bulan adalah 642, yang berarti dari satu juta kesempatan, terdapat 642 pcs yang berpotensi mengalami cacat. Jika nilai DPMO dikonversikan ke dalam nilai sigma, rata-rata nilai sigma adalah 4,72, yang menunjukkan bahwa proses produksi Tepung Bumbu Praktis STB 75 gram dalam kategori cukup baik. Namun, kemampuan perusahaan masih jauh dari target 6 sigma, di mana tingkat cacatnya adalah 3,4 dari satu juta kesempatan. Dengan implementasi metode QCC dan Six Sigma yang tepat, diharapkan PT Ajinomoto Indonesia Mojokerto Factory dapat terus meningkatkan kualitas produk, mengurangi produk cacat, dan mencapai tingkat produktivitas yang lebih tinggi, serta memberikan kontribusi pada pengendalian kualitas.
ANALISIS PERTEMUAN BALOK BAJA I WF DAN KOLOM BETON MENGGUNAKAN FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Cecep Riski Permana , Sarasanty Diah
Published: September 2023

Wilayah join sambungan balok-kolom merupakan daerah rawan dalam suatu struktur rangka beton bertulang, akan tetapi disini Join struktur utama mengunakan balok baja I WF yang harus dianalisa lebih khusus menggunakan metode elemen hingga agar melihat kinerja sambungan gaya lateral yang tidak biasa ditahan sambungan. Akibat dari beban-beban yang bekerja di gedung tersebut, analisa ini menggunakan aplikasi SAP 2000 dan Abaqus untuk membantu menganalisa gedung tersebut. Sebagai mana data yang diambil dari SAP 2000 berupa Assembled join Masses max dengan nilai 1253,66 Kg guna di teruskan dianalisa Abaqus untuk menunjukkan perambatan damage.yang metimbulkan momen kolom disisi atas dan bawahnya, serta momen-momen balok saat menerima beban gempa, maka wilayah join sambungan balok baja kolom beton tidak biasa menahan gaya-gaya horizontal dan vertikal yang menimbulkan kemungkinan kegagalan cukup tinggi: sambungan interior tengah, sambungan sudut, atap eksterior sambungan, sambungan eksterior
PENILAIAN KINERJA SUPPLYCHAIN RESPONSIF MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCOR DI INDUSTRI FARMASI (STUDI KASUS PT KIMIA FARMA)
Authors: Alfian Muchammad , Puspitorini Pipit Sari , Rosyida Erly Ekayanti
Published: September 2023

Kinerja rantai pasok telah menjadi fokus utama dalam era globalisasi dan persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat. Metode SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) telah muncul sebagai alat yang efektif dalam mengukur, menganalisis, dan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional serta kinerja keseluruhan dalam rantai pasok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana penerapan metode SCOR dapat memengaruhi kinerja rantai pasok dan hasil bisnis. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus beberapa perusahaan berbeda di berbagai sektor industri. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pihak terkait di setiap perusahaan serta analisis dokumen terkait operasi rantai pasok. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis isi untuk mengidentifikasi pola, tantangan, dan manfaat yang muncul dari penerapan metode SCOR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode SCOR telah membantu perusahaan dalam mengukur dan memahami proses operasional secara lebih holistik pengukuran kinerja supply chain management (SCM) yaitu 89,53. Termasuk good
PENGETAHUAN IBU DI DESA TAMBABA KECAMATAN GUNUNG PUREI KABUPATEN BARITO UTARA TENTANG STUNTING DALAM PROSES PENGASUHAN PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Adminpintarharati
Published: September 2023

Stunting merupakan masalah yang harus segera diatasi oleh negara Indonesia maupun dunia. Kementerian Kesehatan mengumumkan hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) dimana prevalensi stunting di Indonesia turun dari 24,4% di tahun 2021 menjadi 21,6% di 2022. Meski demikian, target yang harus dicapai Indonesia adalah penurunan sampai 14% di tahun 2024 karena Standard WHO menyebutkan bahwa prevalensi stunting harus di angka kurang dari 20%. Salah satu faktor penyebab stunting yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan para ibu terhadap stunting. Tujuan penelitan untuk melihat bagaimana Pengetahuan Ibuyang memiliki anak usia dini tentang Stunting dalam Pengasuhan Di Desa Tambaba Kecamatan Gunung Purei Kabupaten Barito Utara, Kalimantan Tengah. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah 30 ibu yang memiliki anak usia dini. Studi deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Hasil pengukuran data penelitian berupa data kuantitatif yang dihitung dengan teknik deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 15 orang ibu memilikipengetahuan stunting dalam kategori Cukup (50%) dan sebagian lagi sebanyak 15 orang ibu memiliki pengetahuan tentang stunting dalam kategori kurang (50%).Kata Kunci :Pengetahuan, Ibu, Stunting
ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 1 SD NEGERI PLAMONGANSARI 02 SEMARANG
Authors: Ifam Zakiyyatul Awwaliyah  , Arfilia Wijayanti  , Joko Sulianto
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK

Membaca permulaan adalah langkah awal pembelajaran membaca yang biasanya diajarkan pada peserta didik. Tak jarang banyak peserta didik yang mengalami kesulitan membaca permulaan. Alasan inilah yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Pada dasarnya penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan mengenai kesulitan peserta didik dalam hal membaca permulaan di kelas I. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif.  Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan tes Egra,, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik  analisis  data menggunakan  reduksi  data,  penyajian  data,  dan  penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa di kelas I SD Negeri Plamongansari 02 Semarang masih terdapat peserta didik yang mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca permulaan. adapun kesulitan membaca permulaan yang dialami oleh peserta didik kelas I, di antaranya sulit mengenal huruf dan susunan huruf, membalik-balik huruf, merubah kata, menghilangkan huruf pada susunan kata, terbata-bata dalam pengejaan, mengucapkan kata yang salah, tidak memperhatikan tanda baca, tidak memahami isi bacaan, dan kesulitan dalam berkonsentrasi.

Kata Kunci: membaca permulaan, kesulitan membaca, tes EGRA
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PKN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wahyudin D. , Jennyta Caturiasari  , Asri Apri Tri Lianti Putri
Published: September 2023

Learning outcomes for each student are varied and not all students have high learning outcomes. This can be caused by various factors including factors that exist in the student who is less active during the learning process based on the lack of variety of learning models applied during the learning process, so that students do not understand the learning material properly. This study uses a cooperative learning model of teams games tournament type with the aim of knowing the improvement of student learning outcomes after using a cooperative learning model of teams games tournament type in class V and to determine the effect of cooperative learning model of teams games tournament type on student learning outcomes. With the research method used is pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. The sample in this study was class V students totaling 28 people. The sampling used simple random sampling technique. Data collection in this study used tests and non-tests, namely questions about students' Civics learning outcomes and documentation. The results of this study state that the use of the teams games tournament type cooperative learning model has a positive effect on the Civics learning outcomes of elementary school students with a coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.438 or 43.8% with an average N-Gain value of 46.59%. As well as having a significant difference between
The 21st International Geographical Congress in India
Authors: Demek Jaromír
Published: September 2023

The author reports in his paper on the proceedings and results of the 21st International Geographical Congress held in India in November and December 1968. In the almost centenary history of the International Geographical Congresses this was the first Congress held in Asia. The Congress was sponsored by the Government of India and organized by the Indian National Geographical Committee headed by Prof. S. P. Chatterjee. In the meeting proper of the Congress in New Delhi from December 1 to 8, 1968 together 1100 geographers from 49 countries took part. From Czechoslovakia an official delegation consisting of M. Blažek, J. Demek (head of the delegation), V. Häufler, K. Ivanička (secretary of the delegation), A. Koláčný, E. Mazúr, P. Plesník, M. Střída took part in the Congress. The Czechoslovak geographer's read 14 papers in sections, commissions and symposia. The organizing committee has prepared a number of publications for the Congress which have substantially enriched the geographical literature on India and were given a favourable reception. The Czechoslovak geographers also presented some publications to the participants in the Congress. The Czechoslovak representatives took also part in a number of symposia and field excursions organized in various regions of India. The Indian National Geographical Committee and the organizing committee gave much effort to the arrangement of the Congress. They succeeded in the acquirement of the co-operation of most university centres all over India. The standard of the Congress was up to the state and possibilities of the modern Indian geography and the whole country. During the Congress a new executive committee headed by the Polish geographer St. Leszczycki has been elected. The next Congress is to be held in Canada in 1972. The proceeding of the next Congress should be limited to the 24 IGU Commissions in which the main activities of the International Geographical Union in the period between the Congresses is concentrated.
The Effect of Effleurage Massage on Reducing the Degree of Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls in Sukarama Village, Cianjur Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Roslinawati Roslinawati
Published: September 2023

Effleurage massage can provide a sense of relaxation and calm that can help reduce stress. By increasing blood flow to the pelvic area, effleurage techniques can help improve the supply of nutrients and oxygen to the tissues, potentially speeding recovery and reducing pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of effleurage massage on reducing the degree of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in Sukarama Village, Cianjur Regency, Indonesia. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a pre-post-test approach and uses primary data obtained from direct observation of respondents. A total of 30 research subjects took part in this study. This study shows that the intervention of providing effleurage massage is effective in reducing pain intensity in dysmenorrhea sufferers. There was a decrease in pain intensity after giving effleurage massage and it was stated to be statistically different, p<0.05. In conclusion, there is an effect of effleurage massage on reducing the degree of dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in Sukarama Village, Cianjur Regency, Indonesia.
Effects of Climate Change and Urbanization on Vegetation Phenology in the Bucharest Metropolitan Area
Authors: Savastru Dan M. , Zoran Maria A. , Savastru Roxana S. , Tautan Marina N. , Tenciu Daniel V.
Published: September 2023

Being an essential issue in global warming, the response of urban vegetation to climate change and urbanization has become an increasing concern at both the local and global levels. This study aims to investigate the effect of the urban environment on vegetation phenology for the Bucharest metropolitan area in Romania and to identify the potential climate drivers that influence key phenology in the urban environment. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the response of urban vegetation phenology shifts due to climate variability and urbanization in the Bucharest metropolitan area from a spatiotemporal perspective during the 2002- 2022 period. Through synergy use of time series of the main climate variables, Air temperature -AT, land surface temperature (LST), and biophysical variables derived from MODIS Terra/Aqua satellite and in-situ data, this study developed a complex statistical and spatial regression analysis. Green space was measured with satellite-derived vegetation indicators Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Net Primary Production (NPP) data, which captures the combined availability of urban parks, street trees, forest, and periurban agricultural areas. Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) indicators have been used to characterize the effects of meteorological parameters and urbanization impacts on vegetation phenology and their changes. The results show that the response of vegetation phenology to urbanization level and climate parameters variability has a distinct spatiotemporal difference across the urban/periurban gradient. The findings of this study show that the land surface temperature anomalies associated with urbanization-induced climate warming, especially during strong summer heat waves and under urban heat islands alter urban vegetation biophysical properties, directly impacting its phenology shifts. At the metropolitan scale, the urban thermal environment directly impacts vegetation phenology patterns. The quantitative findings of this study are of great importance for understanding the complex impacts of urbanization and climate changes on vegetation phenology and for developing models to predict vegetation phenological changes under future urbanization.
Factual Labor Relations
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russia, Ershova Elena A. , Ershov, Jr Valentin V.
Published: September 2023

. The authors primarily analyzed the most relevant issues of actual labor legal relations: the theoretical validity of the terms (concepts) “labor relations” or “labor legal relations”; the ratio of the terms “actual labor legal relations” and “regulators of actual labor legal relations”; types of regulators of actual labor legal relations. The study draws the following conclusions. First: scientifically and theoretically more reasonable is the term (concept) “labor legal relations”. Second: actual labor legal relations are primary in relation to the regulators of actual labor legal relations. Third: objectively, there are legal and individual regulators, which are paired categories of actual labor legal relations.
Explanation of an Expert in Court
Authors:   Northwest Branch, Russian State University of Justice, St. Petersburg, Russia, Zashlyapin Leonid A.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of the impossibility of constructing criminal procedural relations in a judicial interrogation of an expert. In the judicial interrogation of an expert, there is a subjective right of authorized persons to ask questions to an expert (to interrogate an expert) and a subjective right of an expert to answer questions (to testify). Forensic interrogation of an expert can be replaced by an expert’s explanation, which involves communication between the expert and the participants in the judicial investigation in the form of a dialogue.
Effect of storage conditions on physico-chemical properties of cowpea leaves
Authors: Miano Ann , Abong' George , Njue Lucy , Mwang'ombe Agnes
Published: September 2023

Cowpea leaves are highly perishable thus to improve their utilization, there’s need for proper postharvest management. This study sought to determine the physicochemical changes of cowpea leaves during storage. The cowpea leaves were sorted and packaged using three main packaging materials; sacks, modified atmosphere packaging (cling film) and perforated trays which imitated storage in open crates. Samples were stored at different storage temperatures 30±2℃, 25±2℃ and 10±2℃. The samples under storage were observed for physiochemical changes every two days for a period of eight days. Physico-chemical parameters were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the period and temperature of storage and packaging material. Storage in high and ambient temperatures, extended storage, and tray and sack showed higher deterioration in physicochemical properties as compared to low temperatures and modified atmosphere packaging. There was a significant difference in visual appearance, aroma and the overall acceptability of cowpea leaves stored under different conditions (p< 0.05). Storage conditions had an influence on the sensory quality, nutritional quality and the shelf life of cowpea leaves. Modified atmosphere packaging at 10℃ was seen to preserve sensory with an overall acceptability mean score of 5.22 and nutritional attributes best as compared to modified atmosphere packaging, sack and tray packaging at ambient and extreme temperature storage where moisture (36.21±26.28a and 33.28±26.20a respectively), ascorbic acid (198.7±276.75a and 169.1±254.31a respectively), beta carotene (46.77±58.66a and 48.59±65.04a respectively) and color degradation (∆E 11.89±5.99a and ∆E 11.29±5.27a respectively) was higher. A combination of low temperature and modified atmosphere packaging for storage would be recommended to extend the shelf life and in turn combat post-harvest losses and increase the utilization of the vegetable. Storage temperatures, packaging materials and duration of vegetable storage are vital when it comes to extending the commercial life of fresh cowpea leaves.
The Relationships of Paranormal Beliefs and Locus of Control among Students of Medical College, Delhi
Authors: Sujata Gupta  , Neha Taneja  , Nidhi Dwivedi  , Sandeep Sachdeva
Published: September 2023

Background: The phenomenon of Paranormal beliefs has puzzled scientific community. Studies on this subjecthave been hindered by conceptual and methodological issues. There is little evidences found between locus ofcontrol and paranormal. This constituted rationale of current study. We studied relationships between paranormalbeliefs, as measured by Paranormal Belief Scale (Tobacyk& Milford, 1983) and locus of control as measured byROT-IE scale among medical students of Delhi.Methodology: The study population consists of medical undergraduate students in Delhi who were enrolled atcollege during the time of the study. All undergraduate students who gave consent were included in study. A pretestedand predesigned questionnaire asking their socio-demographic information and relationship between theirsense of personal control(locus of control measured by the ROT-IE scale) and paranormal beliefs(using revisedform of the Paranormal Belief Scale) was administered. Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation test were usedto test significanceResults: Means and standard deviations for the PBS-R and the IELOC Scales were reported separately for sociodemographicparameters. Females scored higher than males on all subscale except extraordinary life formsand precognition but it was statistically significant. Bi-variate correlation between locus of control and revisedparanormal belief scale revealed that as persons tend towards internal locus of control, their paranormal beliefbecome low.Conclusion: In our study it was shown that there was significant relationships among paranormal beliefs and locusof control.
An Online Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Survey in the Community about Adult Hypertension from Eastern India
Authors: Raja Chakraverty  , Ranjita Santra  , Sudeshna Sasmal
Published: September 2023

Background: To address the reasons for hypertension disease burden it is important to understand the knowledge,attitude, and practices (KAP) of all pertinent stakeholders including the community. This study explored theperception in the community regarding the burden of hypertension in India as this is lacking in Indian studies.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted through online mode in India using a validated, field-testedquestionnaire incorporating KAP domain questions regarding hypertension. Scores to questions were appropriatelyassigned.Results: The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 28.49 (7.508) years (n=225). The median (IQR) KAP scoreswere measured out of a maximum of 18, 5 and 4, respectively. Higher educational and socioeconomic levels wereassociated with better attitude scores, but knowledge levels were comparable. Correlations between KAP scoreswere poor.Conclusions: This study reveals that laypersons in the community have appropriate knowledge and attituderegarding hypertension to some extent but there are important lacunae and practices are often found wanting.These issues need to be addressed through sustained public sensitization and motivational campaigns to improvethe future and treatment outcomes of hypertension in India.
Exemplář Kalendáře historického Daniela Adama z Veleslavína z roku 1590 a osudy jeho prvního majitele, neznámého Jiřího Mělnického z Greifenfelsu
Authors: Baďurová Anežka , Bártová Lenka
Published: September 2023

Based primarily on archival sources, the article presents new relevant facts about the life of Jiří [Georgius] Mělnický of Greifenfels († 1619), the first owner of a copy of Kalendář historický printed by Daniel Adam of Veleslavín in 1590. Concerning this copy, significant research attention has been devoted to only one more owner of this book, Václav Nosidlo, namely in connection with his chronicle recordings from exile in 1625–1639. The only information about J. Mělnický so far has come from the owner’s marks in Veleslavín’s calendar: his initials with the date 1596 and a heraldic bookplate on the upper board, an attached sheet of paper with Jiří Mělnický’s woodcut arms, and an encomiastic poem on this insignia written by Jiří [Georgius] Carolides of Carlsperk. The binding has been successfully assigned to Kryštof Meyšnar’s bookbinding shop. The activities of Jiří Mělnický, originally named Pšovský, in Koporeč, Polehrady and Litoměřice have been proved by archival documents, but his presumed stay in Mělník and Prague remains unconfirmed.
Knihovna na zámku Jindřichův Hradec
Authors: Mašek Petr
Published: September 2023

The library of the Counts Czernin of Chudenitz at the castle in Jindřichův Hradec was created as an addition to the local archives. An important part of the library collection comes from the estate of Eugen Karl Count Czernin (1796–1868) and a different part of this collection originates from another library of the family, namely from the castle of St Petersburg. A number of the books originally came from other later dispersed collections, both domestic and foreign, e. g. from the library of Prosper, Prince of Sinzendorf (1751–1822), Georg Andreas Will (1727–1798) and Ferdinand Hoffmann of Grünbüchel (1631–1664). The library of approximately 1,200 volumes remained part of the Jindřichův Hradec archives even after the confiscation in 1945. As already mentioned, the library administrators tried to gather as large a collection of Bohemian literature as possible and to a large extent succeeded. In addition to the richly represented earlier Bohemian historical or topographical literature, the collection contains at least eight 16th–18th-century printed books that can be described as quite unique.
Complication and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 8 025 cases in China
Authors: Li Jianxing , Xiao Bo , Hu Weiguo , Yang Bo , Chen Liang , Hu Hao , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2023

Background

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was mostly performed with fluoroscopy and/or ultrasonography. The safety and feasibility of PCNL performed totally under ultrasound are not clearly defined. Therefore, we introduce the 9-year experience of 8 025 ultrasound guided PCNL procedures from multiple centers in China performed by the same surgeon, to evaluate the feasibility and security of this technique.

Methods

From September 2004 to August 2013, 8 025 cases, 4 398 males (54.8%) and 3 627 females (45.2%), whose age ranged from 6 months to 85 years old, with upper urinary tract stones, underwent PCNL in our center and the supported hospitals. Puncture site selection and channel dilation were all guided using only Doppler ultrasound. Single stones were treated in 1 356 cases, there were 2 817 cases of multi stones, and 3 852 cases of staghorn calculi. The pre- and post-operative imaging data, the intraoperative findings, operation time, perioperative complications, and related parameters were recorded.

Results

All procedures were successful. No patients died during the operation. Average operation time was 42 minutes (range 10 to 168 minutes), 4 cases converted to open surgery, and 2 patients lost the diseased kidney due to refractory bleeding in the early stage of the PCNL. Ninety-four (1.2%) patients received blood transfusions and 20 (0.25%) patients needed highly selective renal artery embolization. Fifteen (0.19%) patients had a pleural injury. 5 457 (68%) cases were completed by a single tract and 2 568 (32%) cases added more tracts. The mean stone size (longest diameter) was 2.8 cm (range 1.2 to 26.5 cm). The final stone-free rate was 85.5%. Residual stones occurred mainly in patients with renal dysfunction, medullary sponge kidney, and complete staghorn calculi with a slim calyceal neck.

Conclusions

X-ray free Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy is feasible and safe in a variety of cases of renal and/or upper ureteral stones. The probability of radiation hazard and adjacent organ injury is low. The morbidity from major complications was reduced remarkably after special training. It is worthy of wider use compared with fluoroscopy in patients with special kidneys (e.g. solitary kidney, spinal deformity, ectopic kidney) and in infants.
Diagnostic accuracy of a single qualitative immunochemical fecal occult blood test coupled with physical measurements
Authors: Wu Taiyin , Kuo Kuanliang , Wu Yifan , Lin Kuangyang
Published: September 2023

Background

We aimed to improve the sensitivity of immunochemical fecal occult blood test (I-FOBT) to screen colorectal neoplasm among average-risk adults.

Methods

This is a diagnostic cohort study. All health examination participants receiving a single qualitative I-FOBT and a screening colonoscopy from January 2010 to June 2011 were included. Stool specimens were collected for I-FOBT before colonoscopy. Using pathology as gold standard, significant colorectal neoplasm was defined as advanced adenoma or malignancy.

Results

A total of 1 007 health examinees were identified. Fifty-five (5.5%) had borderline positive (+/-) I-FOBT, while 38 (3.8%) had positive I-FOBT. Twenty-four (2.4%) had advanced adenoma, and five (0.5%) had carcinoma. Using borderline positive I-FOBT as cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity for significant colorectal neoplasm were 34.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 19.9%-52.7%) and 91.5% (95% CI 89.6%-93.1%), respectively. If combined with advanced age, high blood pressure (BP), and abdominal obesity, a fulfillment of either two criteria further increased the sensitivity to 72.4% (95% CI 54.3%-85.3%) with a specificity of 68.8% (95% CI 65.8%-71.6%).

Conclusion

The sensitivity of a single qualitative I-FOBT for the detection of significant colorectal neoplasm can be increased by coupling with age, BP, and abdominal obesity.