bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immediate effects of TENS and HVPS on pain and range of motion in subacromial pain syndrome: A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial
Authors: Bilek Furkan , Karakaya Mehmet Gürhan , Karakaya İlkim Çıtak
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is one of the most common methods for managing shoulder pain, and high voltage pulsed currents (HVPS) may be used for reducing pain. However, their immediate effects on resting pain and pain-free active range of shoulder motion (pfROM) in patients with subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS) have not been studied comparatively, yet. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the immediate effects of TENS, HVPS and placebo stimulation on shoulder resting pain and pfROM in patients with SAPS. METHODS: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. One hundred and six patients with SAPS received placebo (predetermined 1st day application), TENS and HVPS with 1-day interval, in a random sequence. Before and after each application, resting pain and pfROM were evaluated by 0–10 cm visual analogue scales and a digital inclinometer, respectively. RESULTS: Intensity of pain decreased significantly after TENS, HVPS and placebo interventions (p< 0.05). While pfROMs increased significantly after TENS and HVPS (p< 0.05), remained unchanged after placebo, except for internal and external rotations (p> 0.05). The most obvious effects on pain and pfROMs occurred after HVPS (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with SAPS, both HVPS and TENS, but preferably HVPS can be used effectively to decrease pain and increase pfROM.
Reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome
Authors: An Da-In , Park Jung-Eun , Lee Chang-Hyung , Kim Soo-Yong
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUD: Reliable scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt data are required for patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Only a few studies have explored the reliability of such measurements derived using a modified inclinometer. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative and absolute reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements derived using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with SIS. METHOD: Seventeen SIS patients were assessed twice within 1 week. We determined the relative and absolute measurement reliability by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Both intra- and interrater reliability were determined. RESULTS: The intra-rater reliability (both measurements) was high (0.72–0.88), and the interrater ICC was high to excellent (0.72–0.98). Clinically acceptable SEM and MCID values were obtained for scapular upward rotation (SEM: 4.28–9.33∘, MCID: 5.1–11.3∘) and anterior-posterior tilt (SEM: 3.72–7.55∘, MCID: 2.5–10.8∘). CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt using a modified digital inclinometer reliably reveal scapular position and kinematics in patients with SIS.
Effects of a 12-week workplace counseling program on physical activity and low back pain: A pilot randomized controlled study
Authors: Shimo Kazuhiro , Hasegawa Mami , Mizutani Seiko , Hasegawa Tomomi , Ushida Takahiro
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is essential in the management and rehabilitation of low back pain (LBP). However, it is not clear that PA interventions in the workplace can improve LBP. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of workplace counseling on PA and LBP among workers. METHODS: We recruited 37 people with 12 weeks of LBP who worked in a manufacturing company in Aichi, Japan. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n= 20) or control group (n= 17). All participants of both groups were affixed with waist-worn accelerometers to monitor PA. The intervention group also received a program of face-to-face counseling with a physical therapist or nurse once a week for 12 weeks to reassure and encourage participants to maintain a high level of PA. PA and LBP severity were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: PA was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at 3 and 6 months. In the intervention group, PA significantly increased at 3 and 6 months from baseline, and LBP severity at 6 months improved significantly from baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that workplace PA intervention can increase PA and improve LBP among workers.
The effect of direct vertebral rotation on the spine parameters (coronal and sagittal) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Barsotti Carlos Eduardo Gonçales , Junior Carlos Augusto Belchior B. , Andrade Rodrigo Mantelatto , Torini Alexandre Penna , Ribeiro Ana Paula
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic scoliosis is accompanied by postural alterations, instability of gait, and functional disabilities. The objective was to verify radiographic parameters (coronal and sagittal) of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) pre- and post-surgery with direct vertebral rotation (DVR), associated with type 1 osteotomies in all segments (except the most proximal) and type 2 in the periapical vertebrae of the curves. METHODS: A prospective study design was employed in which 41 AIS were evaluated and compared pre- and post-surgery. Scoliosis was confirmed by a spine X-ray exam (Cobb angle). Eight radiographic parameters were measured: Cobb angles (thoracic proximal and distal), segmental kyphosis, total kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, pelvic incidence, sacral slope, and pelvic tilt. RESULTS: The Cobb angle averaged 51.3∘± 14.9∘. Post-surgery, there were significant reductions for the following spine measurement parameters: Cobb angle thoracic proximal (p= 0.003); Cobb angle thoracic distal (p= 0.001); Cobb angle lumbar (p= 0.001); kyphosis (T5-T12, p= 0.012); and kyphosis (T1-T12, p= 0.002). These reductions showed the effectiveness of surgical correction to reduce Cobb angles and improve thoracic kyphosis. The values obtained for lumbar lordosis, pelvic incidence, sacral slope, and pelvic tilt were not significantly different pre- and post-surgery. CONCLUSION: The surgical technique of DVR in AIS proved to be effective in the coronal and sagittal parameters directed at Cobb angles and thoracic kyphosis in order to favor the rehabilitation process.
The Proportion of APOE4 Carriers Among Non-Demented Individuals: A Pooled Analysis of 389,000 Community-Dwellers
Authors: Wang Ya-Yu , Ge Yi-Jun , Tan Chen-Chen , Cao Xi-Peng , Tan Lan , Xu Wei
Published: April 2021

Background: The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Its carriage percentage in non-demented population varies across geographic regions and ethnic groups. Objective: To estimate the proportion of APOE4 (2/4, 3/4, or 4/4) carriers in non-demented community-dwellers. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from inception to April 20, 2020. Community-based studies that reported APOE polymorphisms with a sample of≥500 non-demented participants were included. Random-effects models were used to pool the results. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to test the source of heterogeneity and stratified effects. Age-standardized pooled proportion estimates (ASPPE) were calculated by direct standardization method. Results: A total of 121 studies were included, with a pooled sample of  389,000 community-dwellers from 38 countries. The global average proportion of APOE4 carriers was 23.9% (age-standardized proportion: 26.3%; 2.1% for APOE4/4, 20.6% for APOE3/4 and 2.3% for APOE2/4), and varied significantly with geographical regions (from 19.3% to 30.0%) and ethnic groups (from 19.1% to 37.5%). The proportion was highest in Africa, followed by Europe, North America, Oceania, and lowest in South America and Asia (p < 0.0001). With respect to ethnicity, it was highest in Africans, followed by Caucasians, and was lowest in Hispanics/Latinos and Chinese (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: APOE4 carriers are common in communities, especially in Africans and Caucasians. Developing precision medicine strategies in this specific high-risk population is highly warranted in the future.
Increased Glucose Activity in Subgenual Anterior Cingulate and Hippocampus of High Performing Older Adults, Despite Amyloid Burden
Authors: Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Leal-Conceição Eduardo , Andrade Michele Alberton , Esper Nathalia Bianchini , Feltes Paula Kopschina , Soder Ricardo Bernardi , Matushita Cristina Sebastião , Hartmann Louise Mross , Radaelli Graciane , Schilling Lucas Porcello , Moriguchi-Jeckel Cristina , Marques da Silva Ana Maria , Portuguez Mirna Wetters , Franco Alexandre Rosa , da Costa Jaderson Costa
Published: April 2021

Background: Individuals at 80 years of age or above with exceptional memory are considered SuperAgers (SA), an operationalized definition of successful cognitive aging. SA showed increased thickness and altered functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex as a neurobiological signature. However, their metabolic alterations are yet to be uncovered. Objective: Herein, a metabolic (FDG-PET), amyloid (PIB-PET), and functional (fMRI) analysis of SA were conducted. Methods: Ten SA, ten age-matched older adults (C80), and ten cognitively normal middle-aged (C50) adults underwent cognitive testing and multimodal neuroimaging examinations. Anterior and posterior regions of the cingulate cortex and hippocampal areas were primarily examined, then subregions of anterior cingulate were segregated. Results: The SA group showed increased metabolic activity in the left and right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sACC, p < 0.005 corrected, bilateral) and bilateral hippocampi (right: p < 0.0005 and left: p < 0.005, both corrected) as compared to that in the C80 group. Amyloid deposition was above threshold in 30% of SA and C80 (p > 0.05). The SA group also presented decreased connectivity between right sACC and posterior cingulate (p < 0.005, corrected) as compared to that of the C80 group. Conclusion: These results support the key role of sACC and hippocampus in SA, even in the presence of amyloid deposition. It also suggests that sACC may be used as a potential biomarker in older adults for exceptional memory ability. Further longitudinal studies measuring metabolic biomarkers may help elucidate the interaction between these areas in the cognitive aging process.
A comprehensive survey on data provenance: State-of-the-art approaches and their deployments for IoT security enforcement
Authors: Alam Md Morshed , Wang Weichao
Published: April 2021

Data provenance collects comprehensive information about the events and operations in a computer system at both application and kernel levels. It provides a detailed and accurate history of transactions that help delineate the data flow scenario across the whole system. Data provenance helps achieve system resilience by uncovering several malicious attack traces after a system compromise that are leveraged by the analyzer to understand the attack behavior and discover the level of damage. Existing literature demonstrates a number of research efforts on information capture, management, and analysis of data provenance. In recent years, provenance in IoT devices attracts several research efforts because of the proliferation of commodity IoT devices. In this survey paper, we present a comparative study of the state-of-the-art approaches to provenance by classifying them based on frameworks, deployed techniques, and subjects of interest. We also discuss the emergence and scope of data provenance in IoT network. Finally, we present the urgency in several directions that data provenance needs to pursue, including data management and analysis.
PERFORMANCE OF LETTUCE SUBMITTED TO THE ROCK DUST REMINERALIZER AND DOSES OF EFFICIENT MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Sousa Westefann dos Santos , Campos Thiago Souza , Souza Ane Gabriele Vaz , Cintra Pedro Henrique Nascimento , Faria Layanara Oliveira , Santos Talles Eduardo Borges dos
Published: April 2021

The use of soil remineralizers with efficient microorganisms (EM) can represent an effective and sustainable alternative to improve the growth, development, and yield of cultivated plants. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of EM, in the presence or absence of rock dust (RD), on the development of iceberg lettuce, cultivar Lucy Brown. The design used was completely randomized, arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of the presence and absence of RD in the substrate composition, combined with five commercial product doses based on EM (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 L ha-1). At 30 days after transplanting, root and stem length, head circumference, the number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh matter of root, stem, leaf, and shoot, and dry matter of root, stem, leaf, and shoot were evaluated. There was an interaction between the factors for most variables of economic importance. The dose of 4.5 L ha-1 of the product based on EM, combined with PR, implied the best performance of iceberg lettuce under the studied cultivation conditions.
Концепт «Український світ» як когнітивний ідентифікатор життєвого простору сучасних українців (філософсько-релігієзнавчий аналіз)
Authors: Горкуша Оксана Василівна , Филипович Людмила Олександрівна
Published: April 2021

Анотація. У статті увагу зосереджено на тому, чи доречно дефініювати поняття «Український світ» з врахуванням дійсної ситуації та наявності в сучасній Україні різних конфесій, що можуть самовизначатись варіативно. Українські академічні релігієзнавці вже звертались до теми «Українського світу» та ситуативно застосовували цей термін в своїх попередніх розвідках. Але осмислюючи позначуване ним, науковці усвідомили, що сам термін «Український світ» потребує більш чіткого визначення. Адже трапляються випадки, коли самому терміну відмовляють в автономності, в наявності у нього дійсного змісту, вважаючи його дзеркальним відображенням «Русского міра». Так само є спроби спростувати дійсність предмету, цим терміном позначуваного.
Також є актуальною і проблема усвідомлення «українського світу» релігійними суб’єктами поліконфесійної України, адже деякі з них визначаються в інших світоглядних парадигмах, з інтерпретації яких «Український світ» може й не сприйматись очевидністю. Тому автори ретельніше окреслюють обсяг та зміст поняття «Український світ» в релігійних вимірах. Стаття задовольняє пізнавальну потребу в системному релігієзнавчому аналізі, завдяки якому вдається з’ясувати, яким чином співвідносяться релігійні та конфесійні суб’єкти з культурно-бутійним локусом «Український світ».
«Український світ» як поняття має власну сенсово-змістовну структуру, яка відповідає структурі того феномену, який ми цим поняттям позначаємо. Тож у обсяг поняття «Український світ» потрапляють ключові параметри українського ціннісно-смислового універсуму, український історіографічний дискурс, сформульовані українською мовою та висловлені українською культурою світоглядні системи координат, у яких визначається сучасний український громадянин та держава Україна.
Різні церкви та релігійні інституції, присутні в сучасній Україні, мали б самовизначатись в координатах «Українського світу». Однак деякі церкви та релігійні інституції співвідносять себе швидше з іншими культурно-бутійними, історично-суспільними локусами. Відповідно таке самовизначення в інших координатах призводить до того, що ці церковні інституції оцінюють сучасні події та й саму державу Україна крізь оптику інших світоглядних вимірів та поводять себе як представники (агенти впливу всередині України) інших локацій. Найпроблематичнішою з таких виявляється історіографічно-ідеологічна локація «Русского міра». Адже ця імперська ідеологема намагається спростувати «Український світ» як адекватне поняття з повноцінним змістом та обґрунтовує сучасну загарбницьку війну Кремля проти України.
La falta de descentralización hacia los gobiernos municipales autonómicos como un signo de debilitamiento del federalismo y el Estado de Derecho argentino
Authors: Lopez Olocco Agustín
Published: April 2021

Las características del Estado de derecho son poco tenidas en cuenta a la hora de analizar las instituciones y las estructuras jurídicas. En este ensayo, se pretende demostrar la conexión que existe entre la autonomía municipal y el Estado de derecho. El análisis versa sobre las instituciones de derecho público argentino, aunque las conclusiones son transportables a otros Estados.
Penambahan Alat Bantu Pemindah Produk Menggunakan Pneumatik dan Karakuri pada Mesin Cup Lower Pump Wire Press PT. Mitsuba Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Isti , Karuana Muhammad Rienaldy , Kristiawan Timotius Anggit
Published: April 2021

Pemindahan produk dari mesin press memiliki resiko yang sangat tinggi terhadap keselamatan operator. Salah satu mesin yang terdapat di PT Mitsuba Indonesia adalah Press Fit Pump Assy yang berfungsi untuk menyatukan lower cup dan upper cup module fuel pump. Permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu kapasitas produksi belum tercapai. Penyebabnya adalah ruang di dalam mesin yang cukup sempit, sehingga gerakan operator kurang leluasa dan perlu waktu pada saat pengambilan produk. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu melakukan modifikasi pada mesin Cup Lower Pump Wire Press dengan menambahkan alat bantu pemindah produk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui performansi dari modifikasi mesin Cup Lower Pump Wire Press. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode RCA (Root Cause Analysis) yang meliputi identifikasi masalah, penentuan masalah, pemahaman masalah, identifikasi faktor penyebab, tindakan korektif, dan pemantauan system. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengukuran waktu proses mesin Cup Lower Pump Wire Press sebelum dimodifiksi dan setelah dilakukan modifikasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah lama waktu proses mesin Cup Lower Pump Wire Press yang sebelumnya rata-rata 10.10 detik dapat berkurang menjadi 8.99 detik atau berkurang sebesar 10,99%.
Histological and Biochemical Alterations in the Superior Colliculus and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of Juvenile Rats Following Prenatal Exposure to Marijuana Smoke
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., Akingbade Grace , Ijomone Omamuyovwi ,   Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., Adelakun Sunday ,   Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., Enaibe Bernard ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Prenatal exposure to Marijuana (MJN) has been associated with various brain deficits. The main activity in marijuana, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), crosses the placenta and affects fetal brain development. Despite this, marijuana remains a commonly abused substance among pregnant women. The current study examined the histological and biochemical changes in the Superior Colliculus (SC) and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) in rat brains prenatally exposed to marijuana. Methods: Four groups of pregnant rats (n=5 rats/group) were exposed to the smoke of 10 g/ kg marijuana at various days during their gestational period, with a group (control), i.e., not exposed. After parturition, the litters from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on postnatal days 7, 14, and 21; the superior colliculi and lateral geniculate nuclei were excised. Tissue sections were prepared for histological studies using Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. Biochemical studies were performed on alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity levels. The histological and biochemical analyses of tissues were performed. Results: Prenatal exposure to marijuana resulted in spontaneous abortion and affected neuronal morphology in the SC and LGN of the progeny. Furthermore, the levels of enzyme activities were altered following maternal exposure to MJN. Conclusion: These data suggested that histological changes in the SC and LGN were associated with oxidative damage.
New and old health risks in a changing climate
Authors: Revich B. A.
Published: April 2021

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Aptidão física de policiais militares do 16º batalhão do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Bonato José Douglas , Almeida Pablo De
Published: April 2021

Profissionais militares buscam, de maneira contínua, o aperfeiçoamento de suas performances, de modo a atender melhor às necessidades da sociedade. A realização das atividades que os profissionais exercem demanda requisitos que viabilizam a execução eficiente das atividades relacionadas à essa profissão. Destarte, policiais militares devem, em sua rotina, preparar-se fisicamente para que o desempenho de suas tarefas seja eficaz, havendo, portanto, responsabilidade perante as situações que lhe são apresentadas. Para se avaliar o condicionamento físico dos profissionais militares do contexto paranaense, é aplicado o Teste de Aptidão Física (TAF), em que vários testes são aplicados aos profissionais militares, dentro e fora dos batalhões, objetivando verificar os índices de aptidão física dos militares, mostrando se estão aptos ou não para o trabalho. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi revisar alguns aspectos voltados à esse condicionamento a partir do TAF, e, para tanto, a amostra contemplou 23 policiais do 16° Batalhão da Polícia Militar (BPM), todos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 29 e 52 anos e que possuem no mínimo 10 anos de serviço operacional. Os policiais foram submetidos aos testes de flexão na barra fixa, flexão de braço, Teste de Cooper e Shuttle Run. A média de idade da população avaliada foi de 40,56 anos. Os policiais obtiveram média de 11 flexões na barra to tipo fixa, 28,5 flexões com o braço, 2,368m de distância percorrida no Teste de Cooper e 10,48 segundos para realizar o Shuttle Run. Concluiu-se que os policiais avaliados apresentaram níveis desejáveis de força e condicionamento aeróbio, uma vez que as médias apontam que houve a superação do mínimo exigido em conformidade com a normatização da aplicação do TAF da PMPR.
Sozioökonomische Beziehungen und Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt
Authors: Bueno Beatriz Cardoso , Favalessa Roberta Donini
Published: April 2021

Die Gesellschaft entwickelt sich jeden Tag, und zusammen mit den positiven Veränderungen in der Evolution wird beobachtet, dass es miteinander verbundene Probleme gibt, die nicht nur städtisch, sondern auch sozioökonomisch und ökologisch sind. Die Lebensqualität des Einzelnen hängt mit der Eignung seiner Umwelt zusammen, und Die Gesellschaften passen sich diesen Mitteln an, so dass es Gesellschaften gibt, die in ländlichen, städtischen und sogar an Orten weit weg und isoliert von anderen Zivilisationen, wie den indigenen Dörfern des Xingu Parks, leben. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einige sozio-ökologische Beziehungen aufzudecken, die zeigen, dass Gesellschaften, die sich in großen Zentren entwickeln, eine größere Anzahl technologischer Vorrichtungen haben, mit Möglichkeiten, die oft nicht in anderen Arten von Gesellschaften zu finden sind, aber an beiden Orten sozioökonomische und wirtschaftliche Probleme auftreten. Aufgrund der Veränderungen, die sich aus den Handlungen des Menschen ergeben, ist es klar, dass jede Form von Erfahrung den natürlichen Anwendungsbereich verändert, wenn sie unbewusst, unpassend und illegal durchgeführt wird, die Probleme werden immer mit der Gesellschaft verbunden sein, was zu negativen Veränderungen in der Lebensqualität führt und Schwierigkeiten auf das für die Menschenwürde erforderliche Minimum bringt, da es einen Mangel an grundlegenden sanitären Einrichtungen geben wird, der mehrere Krankheiten verursacht. , was zu mangelnden Chancen und Massenarbeitslosigkeit führt. Die Arbeit wurde durch Lese- und Feldforschung entwickelt, einschließlich eines Interviews, das vom Leiter der lokalen technischen Koordination des Wawi Pole in Funai mit Sitz in der Gemeinde Canarana, Bundesstaat Mato Grosso, gegeben wurde.
Melatonin and biological membrane bilayers: a never ending amity
Authors: Banerjee Adrita , Chattopadhyay Aindrila , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: April 2021

Biological membrane, the most fluidic structure of a cell or an organelle, refrains the cells to progress toward apoptosis by sustaining their optimum environment. This bilayer-membrane equips all machineries required for cellular communication, limits the entry of foreign bodies, selectively transports molecules or ions depending on the need of the system but, it also acts as a first line defense against environmental insults. Due to the presence of a vast number of poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the biological membrane is highly prone to oxidative stress and as a consequence, acceleration in lipid peroxidation by free radicals, becomes a threat to cellular viability. Alterations in the biophysical state of bilayer caused by oxidative stress frequently occur in the in vivo as well as in vitro conditions. It has been well documented that the molecule, melatonin, exhibits profound coherence in neutralizing oxidative stress and thus, to normalize fluidity status of biological membranes. Aging associated decline in melatonin level with subsequent ascended lipid peroxidation and membrane viscosity found in almost all organisms further suggest the importance of melatonin in this context. Since disruption of membrane structure or even some modifications will cause a spectrum of diseases, keeping membrane intactness would be an adequate strategy to prevent these diseases. Considering the high permeability, safe and potent antioxidant capacity of melatonin, this molecule can be a superlative choice to alleviate membrane bilayer rigidity and its related ailments.
Study assessing the efficacy of herbal teas on bone health and quality of life in a population with osteopenia: rooibos actions on melatonin and tulsi actions on quality of life.
Authors: Munmun Fahima , Linden Alyssa , Hanlon Hunter , Enderby Hannah , Witt-Enderby Paula
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the OsTea translational study was to assess the efficacy of teas (tulsi, rooibos, oolong) compared to placebo (coriander) on markers of bone health and quality of life (QOL) in those with osteopenia and on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts to identify potential mechanisms of action. Following consumption of tea (3 times/day; 90 days), participants collected a urine sample during the night (10pm-6am) and filled in questionnaires before and after the study. Rooibos consumption demonstrated a significant decrease in urinary CTX levels vs placebo; trended towards increases in nocturnal melatonin levels (p=0.06); significantly decreased serotonin-producing microbes in the gut; and demonstrated trends towards improvements (p=0.09) in QUALIOST emotional parameters. Tulsi consumption primarily affected subjective measures, such as significantly improved scores for PSS, STAI-trait anxiety, and osteoporosis/osteopenia-related parameters in the QUALIOST. To further identify potential mechanisms underlying these actions of rooibos on CTX and melatonin (urinary and gut), rooibos and melatonin effects on human osteoblastogenesis were carried out for 21 days under oxidative stress conditions to mimic osteopenia.  Although both rooibos and melatonin protected against oxidative stress-induced loss of osteoblasts in vitro, their underlying mechanisms were different.  Melatonin, like tulsi and oolong, demonstrated the greatest protection against oxidative stress at days 10-11 of exposure, which was due to effects on hMSC viability and through melatonin receptors. Rooibos, on the other hand, demonstrated protection at days 10-11 and 20-21, which was through signaling mechanisms involved in differentiation processes and not on cell viability. These findings suggest that the clinical actions of rooibos on decreasing CTX levels in a population with osteopenia may be through a cooperative effort between melatonin and rooibos by protecting hMSC viability against oxidative stress-induced loss and by promoting osteoblast differentiation, respectively.  This study also supports the use of tulsi for improving quality of life in a population susceptible to osteoporosis.
Countering Subtractive Bilingualism with Additive Bilingualism in the Albanian Language
Authors: DORAMBARI Diedon
Published: April 2021

The English language is the lingua franca of education, trade, and employment.  However, with such a global influence, the English language sometimes interferes with the native languages via subtractive bilingualism.  The aim of this essay is to explain the negative effects of subtractive bilingualism on a global scale in general, elaborate on its negative effects on the Albanian language in particular, and propose solutions to the problem. 
To achieve such an aim, research related to the macroscopic model of determinants of additive and subtractive bilingualism (MMDASB) was consulted.  Based on the research findings, I conclude that the school milieu should lead by example in using additive bilingualism to counter subtractive bilingualism.  In doing so, the school milieu would counter subtractive bilingualism on the sociological, socio-psychological, and psychological levels as predicted in the MMDASB (Landry & Allard, 1993) model.  Following the conclusion, concrete proposals for promoting additive bilingualism by the higher education in the school milieu are recommended.
The Antiquity of Kurmanji Kurdish and the Biblical Book of Nahum
Authors: KARACAN Hasan , BUTT Aviva
Published: April 2021

The biblical Book of Naḥūm explains the way HaShem (The Name) deals with Evil. An inner biblical interpretive technique is used to reach this meaning, a technique inconsistent with the method of the rest of the Hebrew Bible. As a prophetic song, the Book of Naḥūm rightly prophesies the pending downfall of the Assyrian Empire. In the light of the story of the Jews of Kurdistan together with a careful reading of Naḥūm’s book, there is enough evidence to assert that the Book has passed through oral translations and various oral recitations. Thus, as oral literature, Naḥūm’s “book,” in actuality a long poem in three sections has been transmitted not only in the original Hebrew but also through Kurmanji Kurdish and neo-Aramaic translations before the final Hebrew redaction took place. Accordingly, the biblical text throws light on not only an episode in ancient history, but also on the antiquity of the Kurmanji dialect and its vernaculars.
Criminal Law Reform Toward Deprivation of Property Resulting from Corruption Criminal Acts
Authors: WEDHA Yogi Yasa , NURCAHYO Edy
Published: April 2021

Criminal law reform is part of criminal law policy and is closely related to law enforcement policies, criminal policies and social policies. One of the forms of national legal development reform is the Reform of the Criminal Justice System (SPP) which is an integral part of a sub-system, namely legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. Corruption as an organized crime in Indonesia is categorized as extra ordinary crimes that have an impact on the creation of injustice in society. One of the injustices referred to is related to the non-return of state losses stolen by corruptors. Whereas efforts to recover state losses are closely related to legal instruments in force in a country.  In Indonesia, the Criminal Code and the Law on the Eradication of Corruption places the confiscation of proceeds of corruption only as an additional punishment and does not have a clear formula for the mechanism of deprivation of properties, resulting in unclarity/obscurity of norms. This condition should not occur, therefore it is necessary to reform the criminal law immediately by studying the criminal perpetrators of a criminological perspective, which is related to the factors that cause people to commit criminal acts of curruption.    This article is a study of the author concerning the importance of making legal arrangements regarding the deprivation of properties from the proceeds of corruption to mitigate the state losses. This article is compiled by applying normative legal research using statutory approaches, historical approaches, conceptual approaches and comparative approaches. It is concluded that there must be immediate reform of criminal law in Indonesia, especially regarding the deprivation of properties from the criminal act of corruption based on the development of criminal behavior (criminology) and the development of international criminal law concerning corruption.
Stimulating Understanding of Properties of Quadrilaterals Using Van Hiele’s Model: A Lesson Study
Authors: BORBORAN ARIANNE , Africa Mariel , Guilleno Mary-Ann , Pamplona Anne Jeannette C. , Torrefranca Jennifer , Elipane Levi E.
Published: April 2021

This paper explores Van Hiele’s Model's use in planning the tasks to identify the properties of quadrilaterals. Lesson study, a professional development program that enables teachers to collaborate to improve teaching and learning quality, was utilized to get necessary data needed for the study. The authors aimed to see to what extent Van Hiele’s Model affects the students’ engagement and development of knowledge in the learning of the research topic. Some observations during the research lesson were as follows: 1) retention of prior knowledge on quadrilaterals was little to non-evident to the students 2) most students still use jargons in order to describe the properties of quadrilaterals and 3) most students were not able to showcase skills in measuring lengths and angles in identifying properties of the quadrilaterals. Given these observations, the following recommendations were as follows: 1) continuous integration and use of mathematical tools such as ruler and protractor in teaching different concepts and processes in Mathematics 2) identifying the level of the learners’ readiness based on the Van Hiele’s model to provide appropriate examples and activities in the context of the students 3) providing hands-on activities such as geometric construction and measuring activities that would enhance students’ capabilities in reasoning and proving. Lesson study served as a powerful tool to reflect on the researchers' processes and activities in conducting the study.
Extra Skolem Difference Mean Labeling of Various Graphs
Authors: Vaghela Urvisha , Parmar Dharamvirsinh
Published: April 2021

Let graph G=(V(G),E(G)) attains a Skolem difference mean labeling with p vertices and q edges is said to be an extra Skolem difference mean labeling of graph G if all the labels of the vertices are odd. The graph which attains an extra Skolem difference mean labeling is called an extra Skolem difference mean graph. We obtain an extra Skolem difference mean labeling for Comb graph, Twig of a path P_n, H graph of a path P_n, K_1,2*K_(1,n) graph, K_1,3*K_(1,n) graph, m- Join of H_n, P_n⊙K_(1,m) graph , HSS(P_n) graph, H⊙〖mK〗_1-graph of a path P_n.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE JUDICIAL MONITORING AND SUPERVISION URGENCY IN MAKING CLEAN JUDICIARY
Authors: Monita Yulia , Arfa Nys , Siregar Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

A clean judiciary is the hope of all levels of Indonesian society. A clean judiciary is a court that carries out its duties and functions based on the provisions of the applicable laws and prioritizes legal certainty, justice, and benefit. This study aims to see how regulating and changing forms of judicial supervision and warning in realizing clean justice and to answer whether other legal rules are still needed to strengthen the role of the people who participate in and monitor the judicial path. This research is normative legal research, it is a study that examines matters of a theoretical nature, principles, conceptions, legal doctrine, and legal principles related to judicial supervision and supervision in the context of realizing a clean judiciary. Meanwhile, the legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials and their sources. The results of this research are a) judicial monitoring and supervision should be done in order to conduct a clean judiciary, b) monitoring and supervising are done not to intervening the results of courts decisions but as a measuring tool to what extent the decisions are fair to the society, c) there are still several judges' decisions which, according to society, are controversial, illustrating the public's distrust of the judiciary.
Klasifikasi Aroma Alkohol Menggunakan Metode KNN
Authors: Admojo Fadhila Tangguh , Ahsanawati
Published: April 2021

Alkohol adalah senyawa-senyawa dimana satu atau lebih atom hidrogen dalam sebuah alkana digantikan oleh sebuah gugus -OH. Alkohol memiliki ikatan yang mirip air. Alkohol terdiri dari molekul polar. Dalam senyawa alkohol, oksigen mengemban muatan negatif parsial. Alkohol telah digunakan oleh orang di seluruh dunia, dalam makanan standar, untuk higienis / alasan medis, untuk relaksan dan efek euforia, untuk tujuan rekreasi, untuk inspirasi artistik, sebagai aphrodisiacs, dan untuk alasan lain. Alkohol memiliki beberapa jenis senyawa diantaranya adalah octanol, propanol, Butanol, propanol, dan isobutanol. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sensor untuk mendeteksi jenis bahan kimia pada suatu cairan berdasarkan aromanya dengan menerapkan salah satu metode klasifikasi yaitu K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). Pengujian system ini terdiri dari pengujian pengaruh nilai K dan pengaruh nilai crossvalidation. Hasil dari pengujian pengaruh nilai K menghasilkan akurasi optimum senilai 100% pada nilai K=3 dan 100% pada nilai K=4
Markers of hikikomori in young people dur
Authors: Chuhueva Inna , Sakovska Viktoriia
Published: April 2021

The article summarizes the definition of the term “hikikomori”, analyzes the situation of quarantine restriction: its essence and features of the impact on adolescence. Peculiarities of manifestation of hikikomori markers at adolescence are determined. We consider the studied phenomenon in the system of approaches like a way to meet needs, as a set of manifestations of syndromes of a new era, as a psychological defence mechanism, as a psychological state and process. Depending on the intensity of markers, we divide hikikomori into counter-dependent, poorly adaptable and interdependent, super dependent. The parameters that determine the level of manifestations of hikikomori include antisocial solitude at home, antisocially with leaving the house, selective society. The levels of manifestation of hikikomori include physical, emotional, social. Quarantine restrictions, as unusual living conditions that require forced solitude, selfisolation can be a factor that encourages the emergence of markers of hikikomori in adolescents. Such people have a shift in activity in cyberspace and at night, inseparable stay with the gadget (during meals, in the bathroom, in the toilet, etc.).
Neglect of the organization of life (do not clean the bed after sleep, do not clean the room for a long time, do not change clothes during the day and wear night pyjamas around the clock, neglect a healthy diet, eat outside the regime, mostly fast food, etc.). In communication with others, they show irritability with the desire to avoid contact and solitude in their room. Also, at such a person, disorganization of educational activity hastily is observed. It is difficult for them to organize the learning process; they show procrastination (postponement of tasks). If the classes are as videoconferencing,
they do not include video and microphone. They are away from contact with the group and the teacher, even if they need contact for feedback, they ignore it. An empirical study of the susceptibility to hikikomori markers in adolescents revealed that about 40% of subjects have a high susceptibility to hikikomori markers, and almost 11% of young men – very high.
Continuous Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block for Post Operative Analgesia in Fracture Femur
Authors: Shakya Bigen Man , Shrestha Ninadini
Published: April 2021

The postoperative pain management in the elderly is challenging due to comorbidities and change in physiology due to age itself. This limit the use of medication which include pain medication also. The fascia iliaca compartment block has been described in the literature for fracture of femur. It has even been safely used by non anaesthesiologist also. To our knowledge, we did not find any case report of continuous fascia iliaca compartment block published in Nepal. This is our first experience of successful continous fasicia iliaca compartment block in case of 89 year old lady with multiple co morbidities in whom traditional pain medication might be difficult to use. We encourage to practice this block which is both safe and easy to perform with good results. Keywords: Continous fascia iliaca compartment block.
Correlation of Hormonal Profile and Lipid Levels with Female Adult Acne in a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Smriti
Published: April 2021

Background: Acne beyond 25 years of age is frequently associated with hormonal derangement in women. Hormonal association provides the impetus for hormonal therapy as well as underpins the need for blood investigations in this population. Hence, we aim to estimate the presence of hormonal derangement and lipid alteration in female adult acne.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in Dhulikhel Hospital from July 2015 to February 2016. Females older than 25 years with acne were taken in the study after informed consent. Total 100 patients were enrolled after sample size estimation. Hormonal paneland lipid profile were measured. Hormones tested were androgens, C-peptide and thyroid stimulating hormone.Data analysis was done with SPSS-23. Bivariate analysis was done by chi-square test for categorical data.Results: In this study, majority of patients were younger than 30 years (70.5%) and perioral area most commonly involved. Hormonal alteration was seen in 37.2% patients, among which17.9% had hyperandrogenism, 15.4% had abnormal thyroid level and 10.3% had high C-peptides respectively. Lipid profile was altered in 15.4% patients. Hormonal alteration had significant association with irregular menstruation (P<0.05) but not acne severity. Conclusions: We observed hormonal alteration frequently in females with adult acne, which comprised of various hormonal parameters including hyperandrogenism.Hormonal alteration reflects deranged metabolic milieu and we suggest that wide hormonal panel should be done in female adult acne. Relationship of hormones with menstrual irregularity but not with acne severity, suggest that clinical symptoms should lead hormonal investigations in all grades of acne.Keywords: Acne; adult; hormones; lipid; thyroid.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Yaşam Becerileri ile İlgili Görüşlerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: USTABULUT Mete Yusuf
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yaşam becerileri ile ilgili görüşlerini çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Araştırma nicel araştırma modellerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini basit seçkisiz yolla seçilen 216 Türkçe öğretmeni adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri toplamak amacıyla yaşam becerileri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerini analiz etmek amacıyla betimsel analiz, t-testi, ANOVA, koelasyon analizi testleri kullanılmıştır. Türkçe öğretmeni adayları, duygularla ve stresle başa çıkma konusunda kararsız olduklarını; empati kurma, özfarkındalık, karar verme, problem çözme, yaratıcı düşünme, eleştirel düşünce, iletişim, kişilerarası ilişki becerileri konusunda kendilerini yeterli gördüklerini belirtmektedirler. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yaşam beceri ile ilgili görüşleriyle cinsiyetleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yaşam beceriyle ilgili görüşleriyle not ortalamaları, yaşları ve sınıf düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yaşam beceri ile ilgili görüşleriyle internette geçirdikleri süre arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur.
O impacto da medida socioeducativa de liberdade assistida na auto-organização do projeto de vida de jovens em conflito com a lei
Authors: Campos Rafael Garcia , Machado Dinair Ferreira , Quinelatto Rubia Fernanda , Conceição Willian Lazaretti da
Published: April 2021

A prática de atos infracionais por jovens vem se configurando cada vez mais como questão de saúde pública, dado o impacto na vida dos/as adolescentes e da sociedade em geral.  A presente pesquisa investigou o impacto da medida socioeducativa de Liberdade Assistida na auto-organização do projeto de vida de adolescentes autores/as de ato infracional. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, de caráter descritivo-exploratório com a colaboração de 13 adolescentes, com idade entre 12 a 18 anos incompletos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário de caracterização sociofamiliar e entrevistas individuais com roteiro semiestruturado, as quais foram gravadas e transcritas integralmente. O roteiro de entrevista contemplou questões norteadoras, as quais abordaram as experiências vivenciadas pelos/as adolescentes durante e depois do cumprimento da medida socioeducativa. Os resultados apontaram para quatro categorias significativas para auto-organização dos/as jovens na ocasião da medida: 1) Vínculos familiares e afetivos; 2) O trabalho e o estudo; 3) As relações interpessoais; 4) A relação com o/a Orientador/a. Constatou-se, nesta pesquisa, que a abordagem ampliada da medida socioeducativa conforme previsto pelo ECA e pelo SINASE impacta positivamente na auto-organização do/a adolescente e contribui para a estruturação do projeto de vida.
Eski Türk Edebiyatı Çalışmalarında Dijital Kaynaklar ve Uygulamalar
Authors: İŞLER Necati
Published: April 2021

Geçmişte ilim için yollara düşenleri, gerçek mekânlar ve kütüphaneler beklemekteydi. Uzun süren yolculukların ardından kitaba dokunuluyor ve kitap hissediliyordu. Bilgisayar ve internet çağının araştırmacıları olarak bizler ise, klavyemizin tuşlarına basarak ya da ekranlarımıza işaret parmağımızla dokunarak işe başlıyoruz. İlim yolculuğumuza “1” ve “0”larla döşenmiş dijital yollarda devam ediyoruz. Bu makalemizde ele alacağımız dijital (sayısal) kaynaklar, internet vasıtasıyla bize sunulan içeriklerdir. Veri tabanları, ansiklopediler, kitaplar, süreli yayınlar, makaleler, tezler, elektronik kitaplar akademik çalışmada öncelikli dijital kaynaklardandır. Günümüzde kapsayıcı ve detaylı bir akademik çalışma, online ortamda geniş bir taramayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Bilgisayar ve internet teknolojisinin daha yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla araştırmacılar için yeni bir ihtiyaç ortaya çıkmıştır. Sadece kaynakların değil, öğretimin de sanal ortama taşındığı günümüzde dijital araçlara erişim ve dijital araçların kullanımı daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Eski Türk Edebiyatı alanında yayın ya da tez çalışması yapmak isteyen bir araştırmacı için literatür taraması, el yazma eserlere erişim, kataloglardaki kayıt yanlışları, dijital sözlüklere erişim, Microsoft Word’de metin transkripsiyonu gibi hususlar önem arz etmektedir. Daha çok kaynağa, daha hızlı ve doğru yollardan ulaşmak, akademik bir çalışma için artık vazgeçilmez hâle gelmiştir. Bu makalemizde, dijital kaynaklar ve onların Eski Türk Edebiyatı çalışmalarında kullanımı örnekleriyle ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca Microsoft Word ile metin transkripsiyonu yaparken dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar üzerinde durulacaktır.