bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Registration of time of flight terrestrial laser scanner data for stop-and-go mode
Authors: Mohammed H. , Alsubaie N. M. , Elhabiby M. , El-sheimy N.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) are utilized through different data acquisition techniques such as Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) and the output can be used in different applications such as 3D city modelling, cultural heritage documentations, oil and Gas as built, etc... In this research paper, we will investigate one of the modes of TLS on mobile mapping platform. Namely the Stop-and-Go (SAG) mode. Unlike the continuous mode, the Stop-and-Go mode does not require the use of IMU to estimate the TLS attitude and thus inturn it has an overall reduction in the system cost. Moreover, it decreases the time required for data processing in comparison with the continuous mode. For successful use of SAG mobile mapping in urban areas, it is preferred to use a long range time of flight laser scanner to cover long distances in each scan and minimize the registration error. The problem arise with Long range laser scanners is their low point cloud density. The low point cloud density affects the registration accuracy specially in monitoring applications. The point spacing between points is one of the issues facing the registration especially when the matching points are chosen manually. Since most of TLS nowadays are equipped with camera on-board we can utilize the camera to get an initial estimate of the registration parameters based on image matching. After having an initial approximation of the registration parameters we feed those parameters to the Iterative Closest Point algorithm to obtain more accurate registration result.
Oblique Aerial Photography Tool for Building Inspection and Damage Assessment
Authors: Murtiyoso A. , Remondino F. , Rupnik E. , Nex F. , Grussenmeyer P.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Aerial photography has a long history of being employed for mapping purposes due to some of its main advantages, including large area imaging from above and minimization of field work. Since few years multi-camera aerial systems are becoming a practical sensor technology across a growing geospatial market, as complementary to the traditional vertical views. Multi-camera aerial systems capture not only the conventional nadir views, but also tilted images at the same time. In this paper, a particular use of such imagery in the field of building inspection as well as disaster assessment is addressed. The main idea is to inspect a building from four cardinal directions by using monoplotting functionalities. The developed application allows to measure building height and distances and to digitize man-made structures, creating 3D surfaces and building models. The realized GUI is capable of identifying a building from several oblique points of views, as well as calculates the approximate height of buildings, ground distances and basic vectorization. The geometric accuracy of the results remains a function of several parameters, namely image resolution, quality of available parameters (DEM, calibration and orientation values), user expertise and measuring capability.
Study of Landcover Change in Yelwa-Heipang Area of Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria: A Geoinformatics Approach
Authors: Ogunmola J. K. , Gajere E. N. , Jeb D. N. , Agene I. J.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. This study is a research programme carried out to detect the change in land use/land cover of Yelwa-Heipang area of Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. It lies within the South-Eastern part of the Jos-Plateau. It is about 40 km South of Jos city. It is located between latitude 9°35'16.65" N, longitude 8°52'29.91" E and Latitude 9°38'38.92" N, longitude 8°57'03.87" E (Naraguta topomap, sheet 168S.E). Two sets of Landsat images of 1975, 1986 and NigeriaSat-X image of 2012 were subjected to various image processing techniques and a supervised classification was carried out on the various images using ILWIS (Integrated land and water information system) software. The classification scheme used are bare-surface, built-up, farmland and vegetation. A follow up field work was carried out to confirm the results of the classification. The results were subjected to various statistical analyses and it shows natural vegetated area coverage increased from 5.80 sqkm in 1975 to 18.47 sqkm in 1986 and later reduced to 16.85 sqkm in 2012. Non-vegetated area which comprised built-up area, farmlands and bare surface, decreased from 42.2 sqkm in 1975 to 33.82 sqkm in 1986, then to 35.86 sqkm in 2012.The rate of change of natural vegetation between 1975 and 1986 was 1.152 sqkm per annum, while that of 1986 and 2012 was 0.108 sqkm per annum. Loss of naturally vegetated area in Yelwa-Heipang Barkin-Ladi is mainly as a result of urban growth and expansion, farming and gully erosion. Another important issue in the study area is the problem of soil erosion. In the past mining activity had led to accelerated gully erosion which has stripped substantial areas of lands of their vegetations. This has led to the formation of bare surface. Land cover of the study area during the period between 1975 and 2012 changed from a forested area to other land uses as a result of increase in population, demand for land for agricultural purposes and increase in the demand for firewood.
Identifying woody vegetation on coal surface mines using phenological indicators with multitemporal Landsat imagery
Authors: Oliphant A. J. , Li J. , Wynne R. H. , Donovan P. F. , Zipper C. E.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Surface mining for coal has disturbed large land areas in the Appalachian Mountains. Better information on mined lands' ecosystem recovery status is necessary for effective environmental management in mining-impacted regions. Because record quality varies between state mining agencies and much mining occurred prior to widespread use of geospatial technologies, accurate maps of mining extents, durations, and land cover effects are often not available. Landsat data are well suited to mapping and characterizing land cover and forest recovery on former coal surface mines. Past mine reclamation techniques have often failed to restore premining forest vegetation but natural processes may enable native forests to re-establish on mined areas with time. However, the invasive species autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellate) is proliferating widely on former coal surface mines, often inhibiting reestablishment of native forests. Autumn olive outcompetes native vegetation because it fixes atmospheric nitrogen and benefits from a longer growing season than native deciduous trees. This longer growing season, along with Landsat 8's high signal to noise ratio, has enabled species-level classification of autumn olive using multitemporal Landsat 8 data at accuracy levels usually only obtainable using higher spatial or spectral resolution sensors. We have used classification and regression tree (CART®) and support vector machine (SVM) to classify five counties in the coal mining region of Virginia for presence and absence of autumn olive. The best model found was a CART® model with 36 nodes which had an overall accuracy of 84% and kappa of 0.68. Autumn olive had conditional kappa of 0.65 and a producers and users accuracy of 86% and 83% respectively. The best SVM model used a second order polynomial kernel and had an overall accuracy of 77%, an overall kappa of 0.54 and a producers and users accuracy of 60% and 90% respectively.
Impact of the cameras radiometric resolution on the accuracy of determining spectral reflectance coefficients
Authors: Orych A. , Walczykowski P. , Jenerowicz A. , Zdunek Z.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Nowadays remote sensing plays a very important role in many different study fields, i.e. environmental studies, hydrology, mineralogy, ecosystem studies, etc. One of the key areas of remote sensing applications is water quality monitoring. Understanding and monitoring of the water quality parameters and detecting different water contaminants is an important issue in water management and protection of whole environment and especially the water ecosystem. There are many remote sensing methods to monitor water quality and detect water pollutants. One of the most widely used method for substance detection with remote sensing techniques is based on usage of spectral reflectance coefficients. They are usually acquired using discrete methods such as spectrometric measurements. These however can be very time consuming, therefore image-based methods are used more and more often. In order to work out the proper methodology of obtaining spectral reflectance coefficients from hyperspectral and multispectral images, it is necessary to verify the impact of cameras radiometric resolution on the accuracy of determination of them. This paper presents laboratory experiments that were conducted using two monochromatic XEVA video sensors (400–1700 nm spectral data registration) with two different radiometric resolutions (12 and 14 bits). In view of determining spectral characteristics from images, the research team used set of interferometric filters. All data collected with multispectral digital video cameras were compared with spectral reflectance coefficients obtained with spectroradiometer. The objective of this research is to find the impact of cameras radiometric resolution on reflectance values in chosen wavelength. The main topic of this study is the analysis of accuracy of spectral coefficients from sensors with different radiometric resolution. By comparing values collected from images acquired with XEVA sensors and with the curves obtained with spectroradiometer it's possible to determine accuracy of imagebased spectral reflectance coefficients and decide which sensor will be more accurate to determine them for protection of water aquatic environment purpose.
Improving HySpex Sensor Co-registration Accuracy using BRISK and Sensor-model based RANSAC
Authors: Schwind P. , Schneider M. , Müller R.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. In this paper a method to improve the co-registration accuracy of two separate HySpex SWIR and VNIR cameras is proposed. The first step of the presented approach deals with the detection of point features from both scenes using the BRISK feature detector. After matching these features, the match coordinates in the VNIR scene are orthorectified and the resulting ground control points in the SWIR scene are filtered using a sensor-model based RANSAC. This implementation of RANSAC estimates the boresight angles of a scene by iteratively fitting the sensor-model to a subset of the matches. The boresight angles which can be applied to most of the remaining matches are then used to orthorectify the scene. Compared to previously used methods, the main advantages of this approach are the high robustness against outliers and the reduced runtime. The proposed methodology was evaluated using a test data set and it is shown in this work that the use of BRISK for feature detection followed by sensor-model based RANSAC significantly improves the co-registration accuracy of the imagery produced by the two HySpex sensors.
Automating the Photogrammetric Bridging Based on MMS Image Sequence Processing
Authors: Silva J. F. C. , Lemes Neto M. C. , Blasechi V.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The photogrammetric bridging or traverse is a special bundle block adjustment (BBA) for connecting a sequence of stereo-pairs and of determining the exterior orientation parameters (EOP). An object point must be imaged in more than one stereo-pair. In each stereo-pair the distance ratio between an object and its corresponding image point varies significantly. We propose to automate the photogrammetric bridging based on a fully automatic extraction of homologous points in stereo-pairs and on an arbitrary Cartesian datum to refer the EOP and tie points. The technique uses SIFT algorithm and the keypoint matching is given by similarity descriptors of each keypoint based on the smallest distance. All the matched points are used as tie points. The technique was applied initially to two pairs. The block formed by four images was treated by BBA. The process follows up to the end of the sequence and it is semiautomatic because each block is processed independently and the transition from one block to the next depends on the operator. Besides four image blocks (two pairs), we experimented other arrangements with block sizes of six, eight, and up to twenty images (respectively, three, four, five and up to ten bases). After the whole image pairs sequence had sequentially been adjusted in each experiment, a simultaneous BBA was run so to estimate the EOP set of each image. The results for classical ("normal case") pairs were analyzed based on standard statistics regularly applied to phototriangulation, and they show figures to validate the process.
A CityGML extension for traffic-sign objects that guides the automatic processing of data collected using Mobile Mapping technology
Authors: Varela-González M. , Riveiro B. , Arias-Sánchez P. , González-Jorge H. , Martínez-Sánchez J.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The rapid evolution of integral schemes, accounting for geometric and semantic data, has been importantly motivated by the advances in the last decade in mobile laser scanning technology; automation in data processing has also recently influenced the expansion of the new model concepts. This paper reviews some important issues involved in the new paradigms of city 3D modelling: an interoperable schema for city 3D modelling (cityGML) and mobile mapping technology to provide the features that composing the city model. This paper focuses in traffic signs, discussing their characterization using cityGML in order to ease the implementation of LiDAR technology in road management software, as well as analysing some limitations of the current technology in the labour of automatic detection and classification.
Performance Validation of High Resolution Digital Surface Models Generated by Dense Image Matching with the Aerial Images
Authors: Yastikli N. , Bayraktar H. , Erisir Z.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The digital surface models (DSM) are the most popular products to determine visible surface of Earth which includes all non-terrain objects such as vegetation, forest, and man-made constructions. The airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is the preferred technique for high resolution DSM generation in local coverage. The automatic generation of the high resolution DSM is also possible with stereo image matching using the aerial images. The image matching algorithms usually rely on the feature based matching for DSM generation. First, feature points are extracted and then corresponding features are searched in the overlapping images. These image matching algorithms face with the problems in the areas which have repetitive pattern such as urban structure and forest. The recent innovation in camera technology and image matching algorithm enabled the automatic dense DSM generation for large scale city and environment modelling. The new pixel-wise matching approaches are generates very high resolution DSMs which corresponds to the ground sample distance (GSD) of the original images. The numbers of the research institutes and photogrammetric software vendors are currently developed software tools for dense DSM generation using the aerial images. This new approach can be used high resolution DSM generation for the larger cities, rural areas and forest even Nation-wide applications. In this study, the performance validation of high resolution DSM generated by pixel-wise dense image matching in part of Istanbul was aimed. The study area in Istanbul is including different land classes such as open areas, forest and built-up areas to test performance of dense image matching in different land classes. The obtained result from this performance validation in Istanbul test area showed that, high resolution DSM which corresponds to the ground sample distance (GSD) of original aerial image can be generated successfully by pixel-wise dense image matching using commercial and research institution’s software.
Supporting Remote Sensing Research with Small Unmanned Aerial Systems
Authors: Anderson R. C. , Shanks P. C. , Kritis L. A. , Trani M. G.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. We describe several remote sensing research projects supported with small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) operated by the NGA Basic and Applied Research Office. These sUAS collections provide data supporting Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR), NGA University Research Initiative (NURI), and Cooperative Research And Development Agreements (CRADA) efforts in addition to inhouse research. Some preliminary results related to 3D electro-optical point clouds are presented, and some research goals discussed. Additional details related to the autonomous operational mode of both our multi-rotor and fixed wing small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) platforms are presented.
Quantification of basal friction for technical and silvicultural glide-snow avalanche mitigation measures
Authors: Feistl T. , Bebi P. , Dreier L. , Hanewinkel M. , Bartelt P.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. A long-standing problem in avalanche engineering is to design defense structures and manage forest stands such that they can withstand the forces of the natural snow cover. In this way, glide-snow avalanches can be prevented. Ground friction plays a crucial role in this process. To verify existing guidelines, we collected data on the vegetation cover and terrain characteristics of 101 glide-snow release areas in Davos, Switzerland. We quantified the Coulomb friction parameter μm by applying a physical model that accounts for the dynamic forces of the moving snow in the stauch zone. We investigated the role of glide length, slope steepness and friction in avalanche release. Our calculations revealed that the slope angle and slab length for smooth slopes correspond to the technical guidelines for defense structure distances in Switzerland. Artificial defense structures, built in accordance with guidelines, prevent glide-snow avalanche releases, even when the terrain is smooth. Slopes over 40 m in length and 45° in steepness require a ground friction of μm = 0.7 corresponding to stumps or tree regeneration to ensure protection. Forest management guidelines that define maximum forest gap sizes to prevent glide-snow avalanche release neglect the role of surface roughness and therefore underestimate the danger on smooth slopes.
Definition and mapping of potential physiographic-climatic areas for beech in Spain.
Authors: Sánchez Palomares O. , Rubio A. , Blanco A.
Published: November 2014

On this work it is presented the methodology used in mapping the potential physiographic-climatic areas for beech (Fagus sylvatica) in Spain. On the basis of sample data taken from 235 sites of beech, and from 2944 beech stands from National Forest Inventory, a range of ecological parameters, physiographical and climatic, has been established, together with values defining optimal and marginal habitats; a parametric methodology was used, previously contrasted in earlier studies. These results have made possible to define a potentiality indicator for beech (IPot). By integrating all information elaborated in a S.I.G., and using a digital model of the terrain, digital models of potentiality, physiographical and climatic, have been generated for beech in Spain. This work has allowed to obtain the detail cartography of the potential areas for this species.
Pinus uncinata Ram.: dasometric characterization, site index curves and taper equation
Authors: Calama R. , Del Río M. , Coquillas V. , Cañellas I. , Montero G.
Published: November 2014

This study presents information about growth and yield of Pinus uncinata in Spain. Firstly, using data from the Second National Forest Inventory a silvicultural and dasometric characterization of stands is made. Pinus uncinata stands are classified between mixed and pure stands and by density ranges through the Reineke’s stand density index. Secondly, a site index model is developed using 84 stem analysis from dominant trees of Pinus uncinata stands in Pyrenees. The selected function is the difference equation of Mc-Dill y Amateis (1992), which is polymorphic, reciprocal and base-age invariant. Four site quality curves are defined with site index of 8, 12, 16 and 20 m of dominant height at the age of 100 years. Finally, a stem taper function is fitted using 191 sample trees from 13 permanent plots. Among 10 tested functions the model of Kozak (1988) is selected. This adjusted model is used to build an individual volume table which gives the total and saw timber per tree.
Links among sustainability, ecology and economics of forestry systems: some reflections
Authors: Díaz Balteiro L. , Romero C.
Published: November 2014

Traditionally the study of the ecological and economical aspects of forestry systems has been accomplished from totally different disciplinary perspectives. This type of disciplinary separation is currently in crisis, due mainly to the arising of concepts like multiple use of forests and their sustainable management. Thus, from a perspective of multiple use the ecological and economical aspects related to the forestry systems are closely linked. In other words, to the ecological aspects underlie economical dimensions and vice versa. These interrelations between economics and ecology are specially relevant when the concept of forest systems sustainability is introduced. This paper starts reflecting on the ecological and economical dimensions that in an interlaced way underlie to the concept of sustainability. After that, a methodology for measuring the sustainability is proposed. The methodology is based upon in the aggregation of indicators of different nature that measure the goodness of a forestry system from a sustainability perspective. The application of the proposed methodology to «the Pinar» forest, provides different «rankings» of management alternatives, according to the value given to a control parameter previously defined.
Nota de los editores. El profesor D. José Manuel Gandullo
Authors: Editores SRF
Published: November 2014

No hay resumen
Reacciones químicas y representaciones sociales de los estudiantes
Authors: Meneses Villagrá Jesús Ángel , Lacolla Liliana , Valeiras Nora
Published: November 2014

La presente investigación incorpora el concepto de representaciones sociales al estudio de las ideas de sentido común que poseen los estudiantes acerca de las reacciones químicas. Se determina la estructura de esta representación social en alumnos de 16 años de manera previa al tratamiento escolar del tema. Se analizan las modificaciones que ha sufrido la representación social inicial, después de la enseñanza que ha sido llevada a cabo mediante una secuencia didáctica organizada para tal fin. Se comprueba que las representaciones socialmente compartidas tienen una importante incidencia en la construcción del campo conceptual de cambio químico.
La transposición del concepto de diversidad biológica. Un estudio sobre los libros de texto de la educación secundaria española
Authors: Bermudez Gonzalo Miguel Angel , De Longhi Ana Lía , Díaz Sandra , Gavidia Catalán Valentín
Published: November 2014

Este trabajo estudia la presencia y complejidad en el tratamiento del concepto de diversidad biológica en libros de texto de educación secundaria, tanto de la obligatoria (ESO) como del bachillerato de España. Se recopilaron trabajos científicos de la «comunidad de expertos» con el objetivo de definir el ámbito conceptual de la biodiversidad, que actúa de vigilante epistemológico en el proceso de transposición didáctica. Los resultados mostraron una multiplicidad de definiciones de la biodiversidad en libros de texto, con un fuerte predominio de reducción a la idea de número de especies (riqueza), lo que pone en evidencia su desactualización. A la luz de este estudio, el listado de contenidos del currículo oficial no conduce a una transposición de una conceptualización de biodiversidad más coherente con la comunidad de expertos. Según los niveles de complejidad encontrados, recomendamos el uso de libros de la materia «Ciencias de la tierra y medioambientales» de segundo curso del bachillerato para estudiar la biodiversidad.
Sobre la valoración de la competencia matemática: claves para transitar hacia un enfoque interpretativo
Authors: Gallardo Romero Jesús , González Marí José Luis , Quintanilla Batallanos Verónica Aurora
Published: November 2014

En este trabajo discutimos el problema de la interpretación de la competencia matemática en el aula. Con objeto de superar algunas de las controversias que afectan a la descripción por competencias del currículo de matemáticas, nos proponemos transitar hacia un enfoque interpretativo de la competencia matemática, en el que cobran un mayor protagonismo el conocimiento matemático y su comprensión. Mostramos la operatividad de nuestra propuesta a través de un ejemplo de interpretación de la competencia matemática de una alumna de secundaria involucrada en la resolución de una tarea algebraica específica. A partir de los usos dados al conocimiento matemático, se aportan evidencias de cómo emergen y se relacionan entre sí durante el mismo episodio de resolución rastros de comprensión y elementos de competencia matemática de diferente naturaleza.
Contenidos de estructura atómica y molecular en libros de texto españoles de Química general (1928-1978)
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Pedro Juan , González Canle Felicísimo
Published: November 2014

En este trabajo presentamos un análisis de los contenidos de física atómica y química cuántica en libros de texto de química de nivel introductorio publicados en castellano, en España, entre 1928 y 1978. Hemos estudiado, en total, cuarenta textos preuniversitarios y veintiocho universitarios, empleando una metodología grounded theory para la codificación del contenido. Los resultados de este análisis muestran que los contenidos de los libros de texto se van alejando del registro de la literatura técnica durante el periodo de tiempo cubierto en nuestro estudio. En concreto, las ideas clásicas o precuánticas no son descartadas, a la vez que no se integran ideas relevantes producidas con posterioridad a la década de 1930.
Conocimiento de los estudiantes para maestro cuando interpretan respuestas de estudiantes de primaria a problemas de división-medida
Authors: Fernández Verdú Ceneida , Callejo de la Vega M. Luz , Márquez Torres Maximina
Published: November 2014

El objetivo de esta investigación es indagar en el conocimiento especializado de contenido matemático de estudiantes para maestro (EPM) sobre problemas de división-medida. Los EPM respondieron a dos cuestionarios en los que resolvieron dos problemas de división-medida e interpretaron respuestas dadas por alumnos de primaria. Un alto porcentaje de EPM resolvieron con éxito los dos problemas, pero pocos fueron capaces de interpretar de forma adecuada las respuestas de los alumnos de primaria cuando empleaban un procedimiento correcto alternativo a la división. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen a los formadores referencias iniciales acerca de los conocimientos de los EPM sobre problemas de división-medida y sobre el uso que hacen de estos conocimientos en una de sus tareas profesionales: interpretar las respuestas de los alumnos.
A vueltas con el gnomon. Buscando soluciones a problemas
Authors: Gavidia Catalán Valentín
Published: November 2014

Son frecuentes las aproximaciones cualitativas e intuitivas que se hacen en la escuela sobre el movimiento aparente del Sol por el firmamento que tratan de proporcionar al alumnado observaciones para que construya un modelo del sistema Sol-Tierra. El presente trabajo muestra la forma de obtener datos con mayor exactitud de manera que faciliten al alumnado una visión más amplia y profunda de dicho modelo, que lo capacite para enfrentarse y resolver problemas cotidianos y los pueda aplicar a diferentes contextos, como el cuestionamiento de situaciones sociales en las que interviene la luz solar.
La indagación en las propuestas de formación inicial de maestros: análisis de entrevistas a formadores de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales
Authors: Martínez-Chico María , López-Gay Lucio-Villegas Rafael , Jiménez-Liso Mª Rut
Published: November 2014

Presentamos el análisis de las entrevistas audio-grabadas a catorce especialistas en didáctica de las ciencias, formadores de maestros, sobre lo que declaran acerca de qué es prioritario para la formación inicial de maestros y cómo lo desarrollan en el aula. Hemos analizado las entrevistas para caracterizar los elementos del enfoque de enseñanza de las ciencias por indagación basada en modelos que los formadores de maestros destacan entre las prioridades de la formación inicial. Los resultados muestran elementos de indagación destacados por casi todos los formadores como trabajar a partir del planteamiento de preguntas y explicar fenómenos cotidianos, elementos muy próximos a las características de este enfoque de enseñanza. También hemos identificado perfiles de formadores de maestros (en función de los elementos del enfoque que declaran) que pueden resultar útiles de cara a facilitar la diseminación de propuestas de indagación en la formación de maestros.
Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Astronomía en el bachillerato
Authors: Palomar Fons Rafael
Published: November 2014

Desde la investigación didáctica se viene señalando el creciente desinterés por la ciencia por parte del alumnado de todos los niveles. En este trabajo se plantea la enseñanza de la Astronomía como una estrategia más en el camino de enseñar ciencia a este alumnado desmotivado. Su carácter de ciencia interdisciplinar, el interés divulgativo que despierta y la oportunidad que brindan sus aplicaciones para tratar las relaciones CTS, la convierten en el objeto de estudio de este y otros trabajos de investigación. La oportunidad la brinda, de momento, la asignatura Ciencias para el mundo contemporáneo de 1º de Bachillerato.
Las emociones en la enseñanza de las ciencias
Authors: Mellado Jiménez Vicente , Borrachero A. Belén , Brígido María , Melo Lina V. , Dávila M. Antonia , Cañada Florentina , . Et al
Published: November 2014

En la primera parte del artículo, se incide en la importancia del estudio de las emociones desde la didáctica de las ciencias, así como en la necesidad de establecer programas de intervención metacognitivos y metaemocionales, tanto en el aprendizaje como en la formación del profesorado, para que alumnos y profesores puedan conocer sus emociones, controlarlas y autorregularlas. En la segunda parte, nos centramos en las emociones en el conocimiento didáctico del contenido del profesorado de ciencias, incluyendo algunos resultados tanto del diagnóstico emocional del profesorado, según distintas variables, como del programa de intervención de la Universidad de Extremadura.
Programas de estudio y textos escolares para la enseñanza secundaria en Chile: ¿qué oportunidades de alfabetización científica ofrecen?
Authors: Uribe Malva , Ortiz Cáceres Iván
Published: November 2014

En los años noventa Chile emprendió una amplia reforma curricular en la educación nacional, que planteó un enfoque de alfabetización científica para las ciencias naturales. El propósito de este artículo es revisar la presencia de este enfoque en dos documentos de gran importancia en la práctica pedagógica: los programas de estudio y los textos escolares. El estudio consistió en un análisis de contenido de un corpus de 12 documentos correspondientes a textos escolares y programas de estudio de Biología, Química y Física de la Educación Secundaria de los grados 9 y 10, mediante una malla de análisis y una subdivisión detallada de los documentos. Los resultados muestran una presencia débil del enfoque de alfabetización científica en los documentos analizados, contrastando con los propósitos declarados en el marco curricular de ciencias.
On the Numerical Modelling and Error Compensation for General Gough-Stewart Platform
Authors: Hernandez Eusebio , Valdez Sergio Ivvan , Sanchez Eduardo
Published: November 2014

Parallel robots are specially designed to perform high-precision tasks. Nevertheless, manufacturing, assembling and control issues can reduce their capacity to perform adequately. Observing the acquired measurement data with high-precision devices - such as laser-based instruments - it is not surprising that the error data follows patterns or have a structure because, in many cases, the greatest error comes from a mechanical bias introduced by manufacturing issues. Even though we cannot determine with certainty where the error comes from, a pattern in the measured data suggests that it is feasible that it can be modelled and corrected - in a significant proportion - by purely software applications, without the need of disassembling or re-manufacturing any component. This work deals with the problem of finding a mathematical model which adequately fits the error data from the legs of a general Gough-Stewart platform. Hence, we obtain an expression which can be subtracted from the control parameters in order to compensate the inherent mechanical error in the legs. The purpose of this article is two-fold: 1) to present numerical results of the beneficial effects of the error compensation in the legs as well as in the end-effector, and 2) to introduce a numerical methodology to find a model for error compensation and to numerically simulate its effects. Numerical, graphical and statistical evidence of the error improvements, according this methodology, is provided.
A Flying Robot Localization Method Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion
Authors: Liu Changan , Zhang Sheng , Wu Hua , Dong Ruifang
Published: November 2014

This paper proposes a novel localization method for a power-tower-inspection flying robot based on fusion of vision, IMU and GPS. First, the research background is introduced in relation to a visual localization algorithm derived from 3D-model-based tracking and a coordinate transformation model for related coordinate frames. Then, a multi-sensor fusion-based localization method is presented, in which two collaborative Kalman filters are designed to fuse IMU/GPS and visual information. Finally, experimental results are presented to show the robustness and precision of the proposed method.
Buffer Size Design in Pharmaceutical Packaging Lines: An Analytical Methodology Proposal and Case Study
Authors: Benedetti Miriam , Cesarotti Vittorio , Giuiusa Alessio , Introna Vito
Published: November 2014

In recent years, governmental pressure on reducing the cost of drugs, together with the growth in the number of generic manufacturers, have given a considerable boost to competition in the pharmaceutical sector. Such relevant market change has highlighted the necessity of controlling and improving performance in order to reduce costs while maintaining high quality-levels, both enhancing working capital management and increasing overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) of production lines (activities that had previously been somewhat neglected in the pharmaceutical sector). In this paper, the paradigm of buffer design for availability (BDFA) - an approach developed to conciliate these apparently conflicting strategies to achieve performance improvement and cost reduction - is briefly recalled and discussed, being contextualized in the state-of-the-art of buffer design research. Its valuable practical applicability and effectiveness is then demonstrated by the means of a real case study application, and future developments are eventually presented.
Maintenance Strategies and Innovative Approaches in the Pharmaceutical Industry: An Integrated Management System (IMS)
Authors: Felice Fabio De , Petrillo Antonella , Autorino Claudio
Published: November 2014

Pharmaceutical industries are continuously seeking out new strategies to improve their operations and gain a competitive advantage. Maintenance tends to be a key management issue for many pharmaceutical companies. Proper maintenance management requires information about maintenance performance for the planning and controlling of maintenance processes. However, it is generally difficult to reconcile production and maintenance goals. This work presents an integrated management system that can help in finding optimal maintenance strategies via a multi-object approach. The availability of an integrated system allows for detecting potential management problems and optimizing costs. Furthermore, the proposed method offers significant additional input data that can be useful to analysts for improving maintenance management.
Improvement of Manufacturing Operations through a Lean Management Approach: A Case Study in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Nenni Maria Elena , Giustiniano Luca , Pirolo Luca
Published: November 2014

This paper aims to demonstrate the positive effect of a Lean Management (LM) approach to increasing efficiency, even in a company which is subject to critical market issues. The pharmaceutical industry is a well-known example of a crisis-affected context and companies have directed attention to Lean Management for a long time, but they are stable in increasing effectiveness. This research uses a case study to move the attention to efficiency as an attractive LM goal.

The result of this study provides a reference for academia as well as the business field.
Innovative Business Models in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Case on Exploiting Value Networks to Stay Competitive
Authors: Capo Francesca , Brunetta Federica , Boccardelli Paolo
Published: November 2014

The search to find a more efficient and effective way of managing processes, while maintaining the integrity of research and manufacturing activities, has led pharmaceutical firms, and other actors of the renewed pharmaceutical supply chain, to modify their own business models. This article aims to emphasize this dimension, highlighting, via the observation of a network of firms operating at different stages of the pharmaceutical supply chain, how business models have succeeded in complementing each other and in originating a value creation network.
OEE Evaluation of a Paced Assembly Line through Different Calculation and Simulation Methods: A Case Study in the Pharmaceutical Environment
Authors: Carlo Filippo De , Arleo Maria Antonietta , Tucci Mario
Published: November 2014

Modern production systems must guarantee high performance. Increasingly challenging international competition, budget reductions for the health sector and constant technological evolution are just three of the many aspects that drive pharmaceutical companies to continuously improve the productivity of their lines.

The scientific literature has for many years been proposing calculation models for estimating the productivity of a machine. One of the most famous, and still used, is overall equipment effectiveness (OEE). This allows the calculation the valuable output considering the six ‘big losses’. The limitations of this approach are noticeable when considering a production line instead of a single machine. Numerous researchers have proposed alternative methods or changes in OEE, to be able to cover the widest spectrum of possible cases.

In this study, we wanted to evaluate how such theoretical models related to OEE are actually able to represent the world of tight production flows or whether, in these cases, a more complex type of simulation should be preferred. To do this, we carried out a case study of a production line in the pharmaceutical industry, and the results showed that the simulation approach gives better results because of the peculiarities not considered by the theoretical models.
Rehabilitation of Small‐Diameter Cast‐Iron Pipe: US, UK, and Australian Perspectives
Authors: Marlow David , Gould Scott , Beale David , Lane Bradley
Published: November 2014

Cast‐iron pipe is commonly found in water supply networks across the globe. Because these pipelines are legacy assets, utilities typically conduct annual rehabilitation programs to renovate or replace a portion of these pipes. Although the traditional approach involves open‐cut procedures, various trenchless renovation and replacement techniques can be used, although their use is less common in the United States than in some other English‐speaking countries. Research was thus undertaken to consider the differences in attitudes toward rehabilitation of small‐diameter (4–8 in., or 100–200 mm) cast‐iron pipe in the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Survey and interview‐based techniques were used to generate case studies of existing practices. The results suggest that preferences and assumptions about the relative value of different techniques play a significant role in decision‐making. Though conflicting views were expressed, the researchers concluded that renovation and trenchless replacement techniques should be selected when they provide significant life‐cycle cost savings and are technically feasible.
Concise Review: Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Munoz Javier , Shah Nina , Rezvani Katayoun , Hosing Chitra , Bollard Catherine M. , Oran Betul , Olson Amanda , Popat Uday , Molldrem Jeffrey , McNiece Ian K. , Shpall Elizabeth J.
Published: November 2014

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an important treatment option for fit patients with poor-risk hematological malignancies; nevertheless, the lack of available fully matched donors limits the extent of its use. Umbilical cord blood has emerged as an effective alternate source of hematopoietic stem cell support. Transplantation with cord blood allows for faster availability of frozen sample and avoids invasive procedures for donors. In addition, this procedure has demonstrated reduced relapse rates and similar overall survival when compared with unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The limited dose of CD34-positive stem cells available with single-unit cord transplantation has been addressed by the development of double-unit cord transplantation. In combination with improved conditioning regimens, double-unit cord transplantation has allowed for the treatment of larger children, as well as adult patients with hematological malignancies. Current excitement in the field revolves around the development of safer techniques to improve homing, engraftment, and immune reconstitution after cord blood transplantation. Here the authors review the past, present, and future of cord transplantation.
Proceedings: Debilitating Eye Diseases
Authors: Caras Ingrid W. , Littman Neil , Abo Arie
Published: November 2014

Debilitating eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa currently represent a large unmet medical need that could potentially be addressed by stem cell therapy. A number of novel stem cell-based cellular therapies are now under development to treat a variety of eye diseases. The approaches being taken by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, together with its grantees, are discussed.
Musashi proteins are post-transcriptional regulators of the epithelial-luminal cell state
Authors: Katz Yarden , Li Feifei , Lambert Nicole J , Sokol Ethan S , Tam Wai-Leong , Cheng Albert W , Airoldi Edoardo M , Lengner Christopher J , Gupta Piyush B , Yu Zhengquan , Jaenisch Rudolf , Burge Christopher B
Published: November 2014

The conserved Musashi (Msi) family of RNA binding proteins are expressed in stem/progenitor and cancer cells, but generally absent from differentiated cells, consistent with a role in cell state regulation. We found that Msi genes are rarely mutated but frequently overexpressed in human cancers and are associated with an epithelial-luminal cell state. Using ribosome profiling and RNA-seq analysis, we found that Msi proteins regulate translation of genes implicated in epithelial cell biology and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promote an epithelial splicing pattern. Overexpression of Msi proteins inhibited the translation of Jagged1, a factor required for EMT, and repressed EMT in cell culture and in mammary gland in vivo. Knockdown of Msis in epithelial cancer cells promoted loss of epithelial identity. Our results show that mammalian Msi proteins contribute to an epithelial gene expression program in neural and mammary cell types.
Upstream and downstream wave packets associated with low‐Mach number interplanetary shocks
Authors: Goncharov O. , Šafránková J. , Němeček Z. , Přech L. , Pitňa A. , Zastenker G. N.
Published: November 2014

Wave packets are frequently observed upstream and/or downstream of shocks in a magnetized plasma. We present a comparison of Wind and Spektr‐R observations of 27 interplanetary low‐Mach number (<5.5) shocks that reveals that (1) the wavelengths of both upstream and downstream waves conserve over the spacecraft separation, (2) in the frequency range of 0.5–5 Hz, their wavelengths are directly proportional to the shock ramp thickness that is controlled by the ion thermal gyroradius, and (3) the phase shift between density and temperature variations within downstream wave packets is about 90°. These results emphasize a role of kinetic processes in the formation of low‐Mach number shocks.
Can HF heating generate ESF bubbles?
Authors: Zawdie K. A. , Huba J. D.
Published: November 2014

The injection of powerful HF waves into the ionosphere can lead to strong electron heating followed by a pressure perturbation which can locally reduce the plasma density. In the postsunset equatorial ionosphere, density perturbations can provide the seed to generate equatorial spread F (ESF) bubbles. In this paper, a modified version of the SAMI3/ESF ionosphere code is used to model the density depletions created by HF heating and to determine if ESF bubbles can be artificially generated. It is found that HF heating primarily redistributes plasma along the geomagnetic field and does not significantly perturb the flux tube integrated conductivities. Thus, HF heating does not appear to be a viable method to seed or generate ESF bubbles.