bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENTINGNYA STATUS ANEMIA DALAM KEHAMILAN DENGAN PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM PRIMER
Authors: Taqiyya Nadia , Nuswantoro Djohar , C.L Muhammad Ardian
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar belakang : Kejadian perdarahan postpartum merupakan penyebab kematian ibu tertinggi ketiga di Kota Surabaya Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hal tersebut diiringi oleh kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia yang meningkat pada tahun 2018 sebesar 48.9% daripada tahun 2013 sebesar 37.1%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan anemia dalam kehamilan dengan perdarahan postpartum primer di Rumah Sakit DKT Gubeng Pojok Kota Surabaya. Metode : penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian case control design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 ibu bersalin secara pervaginam yang sesuai dengan kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi. Variabel bebas anemia dalam kehamilan adalah sedangkan variabel terikat adalah perdarahan postpartum primer. Hasil : Sebagian besar ibu bersalin secara pervaginam 60% mengalami anemia dalam kehamilan dengan analisis uji chi square menunjukkan p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), Odds Ratio sebesar 21.35, dan berdasarkan hasil uji T test didapatkan rata-rata kadar Hb pada kelompok anemia sebesar 9.058 g% dengan standar deviasi 0.9782 dan rata-rata kadar Hb pada kelompok non-anemia sebesar 12.063 g% dengan standar deviasi 1.13792 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara anemia dalam kehamilan dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum primer sehingga bidan sebagai tenaga kesehatan di lini utama harus memperhatikan  kadar Hb pada masa kehamilan.Abstract Background : Primary postpartum hemorrhage was the third-highest cause of maternal death in the city of Surabaya, East Java Province. This was accompanied by the incidence of anemia in a pregnant women in Indonesia which increased in 2018 by 48.9% compared to 2013 at 37.1%. This study aimed to analyze the relationship anemia in pregnancy with primary postpartum hemorrhage in DKT Gubeng Pojok hospitals in Surabaya city East Java. Method : This study used analytic observational methods with a case-control study research design. The number of samples was 60 vaginal delivery mothers who were under the criteria of exclusion and inclusion. A sampling of this study used purposive sampling with independent variable is anemia in pregnancy and dependent variable is primary postpartum hemorrhage. Result : Most of mothers that gave birth pervaginally  60% had anemia in pregnancy with analysis chi-square test showing  p-value =0.000 (p<0.05) , Odds Ratio of 21.35, and based on the results of the T-test it was found that the mean Hb level in the anemic group was 9.058 g% with standard deviation of 0.9782 and the mean Hb level in the non-anemic group was 12.063 g% with standard deviation of 1.13792 indicating that there were significant differences. Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between anemia in pregnancy with the incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage , so that midwives as health workers in the mainline must pay attention to Hb levels during pregnancy.
From Information and Quantum Physics to Consciousness and Reality
Authors: Verheyen Peter
Published: July 2021

How does the world around us work and what is real? This question has preoccupied humanity since its beginnings. From the 16th century onwards, it has been periodically necessary to revise the prevailing worldview. But things became very strange at the beginning of the 20th century with the advent of relativity theory and quantum physics. The current focus is on the role of information, there being a debate about whether this is ontological or epistemological. A theory has recently been formulated in which spacetime and gravity emerges from microscopic quantum information, more specifically from quantum entanglement via entanglement entropy. A latest theory describes the emergence of reality itself through first-person perspective experiences and algorithmic information theory. In quantum physics, perception and observation play a central role. Perception, interaction with the environment, requires an exchange of information. Via biochemical projection, information is given an interpretation that is necessary to make life and consciousness possible. The world around us is not at all what it seems.
A Cluster of Dengue Cases in Travelers: A Clinical Series From Thailand
Authors: Imad Hisham A , Phadungsombat Juthamas , Nakayama Emi E , Chatapat Lapakorn , Pitusan Phimphan , Matsee Wasin , Piyaphanee Watcharapong , Nguitragool Wang , Shioda Tatsuo
Published: July 2021

Dengue is an overlooked tropical disease for which billions of people are at risk. The disease, caused by a Flavivirus with four distinct serotypes, is transmitted primarily by urbanized Aedes mosquito species. The infection leads to a spectrum of clinical manifestations, with the majority being asymptomatic. Primary dengue and, to a greater extent, subsequent infection, mainly secondary dengue infection, are associated with increased severity. Increased global travel and recreational tourism expose naïve individuals to dengue, the most common arboviral infections in travelers. We describe a cluster of possible primary acute dengue infections in a group of 12 individuals who presented to Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases in 2017. Infection was confirmed by dengue NS1 antigen and multiplex real-time RT-PCR. Nine individuals required hospitalization, and four developed dengue warning signs. The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in the group with dengue warning signs. The period from the day of arrival in Thailand and the first day of symptoms was significantly shorter in adolescents with warning signs. Leukocytes, neutrophils, and platelets declined significantly at defervescence and were negatively correlated with day of illness. Six clinical isolates were identified as dengue serotype-1, with identical sequences suggesting that these patients were infected with the same virus.
Impacts of COVID-19 on the Horticultural Industry
Authors: Marwah Pulkit , Zhang Yu Yvette , Gu Mengmeng
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced businesses to alter the way they operate. This includes, but may not be limited to, changing hours of operation, working with limited staff, and restricting customer access indoors. This could result in several challenges for businesses. In this study, we evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 on the horticultural industry and identify the challenges for businesses). Based on our research findings, the major challenges faced by businesses were not having enough employees and inventory to keep up with consumer demand during COVID-19. We also evaluate the effect of the pandemic on the sales of different plants, gardening products/services, and the overall revenues of businesses. For different types of plants included in the survey, landscape herbaceous flowers, landscape shrubs, and landscape trees showed the most significant increase in sales. In addition, for different gardening products/services, container plants, small plants, and soil & compost showed the most significant increase in sales. 64% of the businesses indicated higher overall sales compared to same season previous year. Over 46% of the businesses reported increased sales in 2020 under COVID-19. These findings imply a greater demand potential for plants and gardening products/services from consumers, in light of this pandemic.
Subtitling 3D VR Content with Limited 6DoF: Presentation Modes and Guiding Methods
Authors: Montagud Climent Mario , Hurtado Cristian , De Rus Arance Juan Antonio , Fernández Sergi
Published: July 2021

Every (multimedia) service needs to be accessible. Accessibility for multimedia content is typically provided by means of access services, of which subtitling is likely the most widespread one. Up to date, many recommendations and solutions for subtitling classical 2D audiovisual services are available. Likewise, recent efforts have been devoted to devising adequate subtitling solutions for VR360 video content. This paper, for the first time, goes a step beyond, by exploring two key requirements to fulfill remaining challenges towards efficiently subtitling 3D Virtual Reality (VR) content: presentation modes, and guiding methods. By leveraging insights from earlier work on VR360 content, the paper proposes novel presentation modes and guiding methods to not only deal with the freedom to explore the omnidirectional scenes, but also with additional specificities of 3D VR compared to VR360 content: depth, 6 Degrees of Freedom (6DoF), and viewing perspectives. The obtained results prove that always-visible and a novel proposed comic-style presentation mode are far more appropriate than state-of-the-art fixed-positioned subtitles, mainly in terms of immersion, ease and comfort of reading, and identification of speakers, when applied to professional pieces of content with limited displacement of speakers and with limited 6DoF (i.e. users are not expected to largely navigate around the virtual environment). Likewise, even in such limited movement scenarios, the results show that the use of indicators (arrows), as guiding methods, is well received. Overall, the paper provides relevant insights and paves the way toward efficiently subtitling 3D VR content.
Spontaneous Determinants of Protein Aging
Mini Review
Authors: Dyakin Victor Vasilyevich , Uversky Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: July 2021

The universal chirality is the commonly accepted view of nature. Biological chirality is the distinct part of the more general phenomena. Following this view, all living organisms are characterized by the non-equilibrium state of their molecular constituents. From the thermodynamic perspective, the non-equilibrium state of biomolecular ensemble holds inevitable consequences being the substrate of spontaneous reactions directed to equilibrium (not associated with life) state.
At the protein level, spontaneous biological reactions represent the natural part of proteins' post-translational modifications (PTMs). The essential contribution to the origin and maintenance of the non-equilibrium state belongs to prevalent bio-molecular chirality. Correspondently, spontaneous PTMs such as racemization and glycation, working against life-supporting prevalent chirality, are known as the significant determinants of protein misfolding, dysfunctions, and aggregation. Accumulation of aberrant protein during life-span allows consideration of time-dependent spontaneous racemization and glycation as protein aging. Spontaneous PTMs of proteins is occurring in the interaction with other forms of enzymatic and non-enzymatic PTMs.
In this review, we are considering the contribution of spontaneous racemization and non-enzymatic glycosylation to protein aging.
A High Efficacy DNA Vaccine Against Tilapia Lake Virus in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Yu Nai-tong , Zeng Wei-wei , Wang Jian-hua , Zhang Yu-liang , Zhang Xiu-chun , Liu Zhi-xin
Published: July 2021

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is the main tilapia-infecting virus worldwide, causing serious economic losses. However, there is no vaccine for this viral disease. Here, TiLV ORF10 (TiLV-ORF10) encoding a protein with abundant epitopes was constructed into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1, and used to evaluate the immune protective effects in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). RT-PCR and western blot analyses conﬁrmed vaccine plasmid expression in tilapia muscle tissues. Moreover, the transcription levels of immunoglobulin M, toll-like receptor 2, myeloid differentiation factor 88, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma-IFN, and nuclear factor κB immune-related genes were statistically signiﬁcantly upregulated in the spleen, liver, and kidney of vaccinated tilapias (P < 0.05). TiLV challenge experiments showed that relative percent survival (RPS) was signiﬁcantly enhanced in ﬁsh by this DNA vaccine. Moreover, RPS was enhanced further when using a higher amount of the DNA vaccine (85.72% RPS at a DNA dose of 45 μg pcDNA3.1–ORF10). Vaccination with pcDNA3.1–ORF10 signiﬁcantly reduced virus replication, as evidenced by the low amount of virus in the spleen, liver, and kidney of vaccinated tilapias after TiLV challenge. Thus, pcDNA3.1–ORF10 could induce protective immunity in tilapia and may be a potential vaccine candidate for controlling diseases caused by TiLV.
Basic Chemistry Explaining Engineering Properties of New-age (Nano) Modified Emulsion (NME) Stabilised Naturally Available Road Pavement Materials
Authors: Jordaan Gerrit , Steyn Wynand J vdM
Published: July 2021

Nano-scale organofunctional silanes have been developed, tested and successfully applied to protect stone buildings in Europe against climatic effects since the 1860s. The same nanotechnologies can also be used in pavement engineering to create strong chemical bonds between a stabilising agent and the material substrata. The attachment of the organofunctional silane to a material also makes the surface of the material hydrophobic, reducing future chemical weathering. These properties allow naturally available materials to be used in any pavement layer at a low risk. In the built environment, scientists soon determined that the successful use of an organo-silane depends on the type and condition of the stone to be treated. The same principles apply to the implementation of applicable nanotechnologies in pavement engineering. Understanding the basic chemistry determining the properties of the stabilising agent and the organofunctional modifying agent and the chemical interaction with the primary and secondary minerals of the material are essential for the successful application of these technologies in pavement engineering. This paper explains some basic chemistry which fundamentally influences engineering outputs that can be achieved using New-age (Nano) Modified Emulsions (NME) stabilising agents with naturally available material in all road pavement TRANSLATE with x English ArabicHebrewPolish BulgarianHindiPortuguese CatalanHmong DawRomanian Chinese SimplifiedHungarianRussian Chinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovak CzechItalianSlovenian DanishJapaneseSpanish DutchKlingonSwedish EnglishKoreanThai EstonianLatvianTurkish FinnishLithuanianUkrainian FrenchMalayUrdu GermanMalteseVietnamese GreekNorwegianWelsh Haitian CreolePersian TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back TRANSLATE with x English ArabicHebrewPolish BulgarianHindiPortuguese CatalanHmong DawRomanian Chinese SimplifiedHungarianRussian Chinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovak CzechItalianSlovenian DanishJapaneseSpanish DutchKlingonSwedish EnglishKoreanThai EstonianLatvianTurkish FinnishLithuanianUkrainian FrenchMalayUrdu GermanMalteseVietnamese GreekNorwegianWelsh Haitian CreolePersian TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back
Reversed Biodegradation in Cervical Spine Cartilage: The Search for an Acceptable Way to Provide the Evidence for the Hypothesis
Authors: Zhukov Kirill V. , Vetcher Alexandre A. , Gasparuan Bagrat A. , Shishonin Alexander Y.
Published: July 2021

If we accept that human body is a dissipative structure, then the recovery of the body should be considered as a redirection of the enegy flows. The recovery of vertebral cartilage through redirecting of inner dissipative flow requires the understanding of how is this case the fact of reversibility can be proven. We proposed the approach, that according to the collected data, satisfies all the scientific requirements.
Free Falling Szilard Engine, Entropic Forces and Landauer’s principle; Revisiting the Principle of Equivalence
Authors: Bormashenko Edward , Nosonovsky Michael
Published: July 2021

Gedanken experiments illustrating exemplifications of the Landauer principle in the free falling Einstein elevator are treated. Double-well simplest information system embedded into the free falling elevator is addressed. Infinitesimal horizontal force applied to the particle m transfers it from position “0” to position “1”, emerging from the free falling double-well system confining mass m. When thermal noise is considered, the potential barrier of kBT should be surmounted for the erasing of one bit of information. Entropic forces arising in the free falling elevator are considered. The maximal change in the entropy of free-joint polymer chain attached to the free falling elevator is estimated as ΔSmax≅kB, and it is remarkably independent of the mass attached to the chain and the parameters of the chain itself. Free falling minimal Szilard engine is treated. The informational re-interpretation of the minimal Szilard process is shaped as follows: the energy kBTln2 necessary for erasing of 1 bit of information is spent for lifting up mass, whatever, is the value of this mass. Appropriate choice of frames enables elimination of gravity in the considered system; however elimination of the thermal noise (dissipation processes) by the same procedure is impossible.
Biofortification - Associated Costs and Finding Alternatives?
Authors: Ray Avik
Published: July 2021

Biofortification refers to the increase in the amount of essential vitamins or provitamins or minerals in crops to improve the nutritional status of the people, which is largely intended to alleviate the problem of micronutrient malnutrition. I argue that biofortification may not be an effective weapon to fight against the hidden hunger since it demonstrates limited capacity on nutritional enhancement and can negatively impact the socio-economic fabric of the society in many different ways. Finally, I suggest a couple of alternatives that might meet the challenge more efficiently than biofortified crops.
Genetic and Epigenetic Factors of Takotsubo Syndrome: a Systematic Review
Authors: Ferradini Valentina , Vacca Davide , Belmonte Beatrice , Mango Ruggiero , Novelli Giuseppe , Balistreri Carmela Rita , Sangiuolo Federica Carla
Published: July 2021

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), recognized as stress’s cardiomyopathy, or better as left ventricular apical balloon syndrome in the recent years, is a rare pathology, described for the first time by Japanese researchers in 1990. TTS is characterized by an interindividual heterogeneity in onset and progression, and by the strong predominance in postmenopausal women. The clear causes of these TTS features are uncertain, given the reduced understanding of this intriguing syndrome until now. However, the increasing frequency of TTS cases in the last years, and particularly correlated to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, leads us to imperative necessity both of a complete knowledge of TTS pathophysiology for identifying biomarkers facilitating its management, and targets for specific and effective treatments. The suspect of a genetic basis in TTS pathogenesis has been evidenced. Accordingly, familial form of TTS has been described. But a systematic and comprehensive characterization of the genetic or epigenetic factors significantly associated with TTS is lacking. Thus, we, here, conducted a systematic review of literature before June 2021, to contribute to identify potential genetic and epigenetic factors associated with TTS. Interesting data were evidenced, but of reduced number and with diverse limitations. Consequently, we concluded further work is needed to address the gaps discussed, and probably a clear evidence may arrive using multi-omics investigations.
Improving the generalization of Deep Learning Classification Models in Medical Imaging using Transfer Learning and Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Kora Venu Sagar
Published: July 2021

Data sets for medical images are generally imbalanced and limited in sample size because of high data collection costs, time-consuming annotations, and patient privacy concerns. The training of deep neural network classification models on these data sets to improve the generalization ability does not produce the desired results for classifying the medical condition accurately and often overfit the data on the majority of class samples. To address the issue, we propose a framework for improving the classification performance metrics of deep neural network classification models using transfer learning: pre-trained models, such as Xception, InceptionResNet, DenseNet along with the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) – based data augmentation. Then, we trained the network by combining traditional data augmentation techniques, such as randomly flipping the image left to right and GAN-based data augmentation, and then fine-tuned the hyper-parameters of the transfer learning models, such as the learning rate, batch size, and the number of epochs. With these configurations, the Xception model outperformed all other pre-trained models achieving a test accuracy of 98.7%, the precision of 99%, recall of 99.3%, f1-score of 99.1%, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) - area under the curve (AUC) of 98.2%.
A Portable Device for LAMP Based Detection of Sars-Cov-2
Authors: Sreejith Kamalalayam Rajan , Umer Muhammad , Soda Narshone , Kasetsirikul Surasak , Shiddiky Muhammad , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: July 2021

This paper reports the design, development, and testing of a novel, yet simple and low-cost portable device for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2. The device performs loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and provides visually distinguishable images of the fluorescence emitted from the samples. The device utilises an aluminium block embedded with a cartridge heater for isothermal heating of the sample and a single-board computer and camera for fluorescence detection. The device demonstrates promising results within 20 minutes using clinically relevant starting concentrations of the synthetic template. Time-to-signal data for this device are considerably lower compared to standard qPCR machine (~10-20 minutes vs >38 minutes) for 1×105 starting template copy number. The device in its fully optimized and characterized state can potentially be used as simple to operate, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive platform for population screening as well as point-of-need SARS-CoV-2 detection and patient management.
Observing Islam With Ethics: From Hatred Theology to Religious Ethics
Authors: Wijaya Aksin , Suwendi Suwendi , Syamsuddin Sahiron
Published: July 2021

The emergence of religious phenomena that lead certain Muslim groups in Indonesia to spread hatred (religious hate speech) became the primary rationale of this article. This phenomenon occurred because some Muslim groups consider their religious understanding to be the only actual theological truth while ignoring religious ethics in a religiously plural society. Therefore, some questions were raised: Firstly, what is the conceptual structure of Islam? Secondly, what does Islam teach its believers in regards to living together within the Islamic community and living among believers of other different religions? The method of ethics was employed to analyze the two research questions by describing, analyzing, and criticizing the attitude of the Islamic movement, which spreads hatred. From this article, it is expected that Muslims should emphasize not only religious theological but also ethical truth. The findings are as follows: firstly, the conceptual structure of Islam comprises of threefold: Islam, Iman, and Ihsan, which culminate in Ihsan, Sufism, and ethics. Secondly, in regards to becoming a Muslim and embracing it among believers of other religions, Islam essentially relates its religious and theological truth to the religious ethic (the ethic of al-Qur’an), which combines three elements of ethics: God’s, religious, and social ethics. The two latter ethics should always refer to God’s affirmative ethics, for instance, with His Divine attributes of The Most Merciful and Just. God has mercy on human beings and treats all of them justly. Likewise, human beings essentially should do the same in relation to God and fellow human beings.
La mirada de Alejandro Amenábar sobre un enemigo acérrimo: ¿la reconciliación del cine con Miguel de Unamuno?
Authors:   Fundación Victoria / Universidad de Málaga, González Torres Javier
Published: July 2021

Miguel de Unamuno es un ‘agitador de espíritus’. Así se autodefine uno de los intelectuales más significativos de la historia contemporánea española. En su opinión libre, apasionada y políticamente incorrecta se advierte la subjetividad de quien observa los múltiples factores que impactan sobre la sociedad; entre ellos, el cinematógrafo, un invento que detesta y del que se convierte en furibundo enemigo. Pero su figura, andando el tiempo y de manera paradójica, también va a ser motivo de atención por parte del cine. No solo en cuanto a la adaptación de novelas suyas a la gran pantalla; también su propia vida. Es precisamente la última película de Alejandro Amenábar -Mientras dure la guerra (2019)-, la que nos lleva a plantear una reflexión: ¿tiene el cine la capacidad de redimir y perdonar a aquel irredento que tantas veces se ensañó con el medio? El acercamiento que el director realiza a los últimos meses de vida del pensador vasco contiene una serie de constantes iconográficas y simbólicas que fusionan la realidad histórica de los comienzos de la Guerra civil con la percepción personal de situaciones particulares y la ficción fílmica. Su estudio interdisciplinar contribuirá a trazar vías para responder a esa pregunta.
Production 101, film production with a great enterpresing spirit
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Jurado Martín Montserrat
Published: July 2021

Con mucha facilidad se nos olvida en las universidades la importancia de la docencia. Es fácil que esto ocurra cuando el sistema de acreditación reconoce casi en exclusiva la investigación como es el caso de España, y la docencia queda relegada a un enorme bloque de ‘otros’, donde docencia, transferencia a la sociedad y gestión prácticamente se diluyen entre sí. Con no poco esfuerzo para encontrar el tiempo y los pocos ánimos propios y de colegas, salen a la luz manuales de asignaturas. Algunos editados por las propias universidades y que de forma tan frecuente se menosprecian y valoran como algo menor, y otros con grandes esfuerzos personales de los propios autores. En esta reseña se quiere poner en valor la importancia de los manuales, el libro del profesor, la biblia de trabajo que hará posible que los estudiantes sean grandes profesionales el día de mañana. Con frecuencia encontramos profesores universitarios que recurren a referencias de numerosos autores para conformar su propio programa y temario, plagados de multitud de citas, que en muchas ocasiones casi nublan el objetivo, en definitiva, por la casi obligatoriedad de revestir un método de enseñanza, un concepto, una herramienta de trabajo.
Producciones audiovisuales en 2021: Desde lo siniestro a las representaciones de España y Latinoamerica
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Jurado Martín Montserrat
Published: July 2021

El equipo editorial de Miguel Hernández Communication Journal (MHJournal) tiene el orgullo de presentar su último número en un año que todavía no ha alcanzado la normalidad anterior a la pandemia. Sabemos que ya no habrá normalidad anterior, sino que buscamos normalidad futura encuadrada en un contexto inexplorado, con numerosas posibilidades radicadas en las nuevas tecnologías y en las formas de comunicación virtual que acortan distancias y consolidan relaciones geográficamente lejanas. Acorde con este panorama, lo cierto, es que esperábamos recibir muchos más textos que tuvieran la pandemia, la COVID, de fondo, pero no ha sido así. Los intereses se mueven en cierta constancia creativa y sobre todo, en la diversidad. En esa diversidad se describen los artículos que se reúnen en este número, lo que probablemente refleja el panorama nacional e internacional de dispersión temática enriquecida nada desdeñable en un mundo tan globalizado. Este número presenta dos monográficos con 18 artículos y sus respectivos prólogos, nueve textos en la sección Miscelánea y dos reseñas. En total 31 colaboraciones que esperamos sea de interés de la comunidad universitaria y que siembren la semilla para trabajos futuros propio o de otros autores.
Gas-Kick Simulation in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids with Nonequilibrium Gas-Dissolution and -Evolution Effects
Authors: Xu Zhengming , Chen Xuejiao , Song Xianzhi , Zhu Zhaopeng , Zhang Wenping
Published: July 2021

The nonequilibrium dissolution and evolution characteristics of gas in oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) greatly affect the ratio of free gas to dissolved gas in the wellbore, thus influencing the prediction accuracy of the wellbore-pressure and surface responses. Previous equilibrium-state models can result in the incorrect estimation of the multiphase-flow parameters during a gas kick in OBDFs. Therefore, a nonequilibrium gas/liquid two-phase-flow model is developed for simulations of gas kicks in OBDFs. Nonequilibrium gas-kick behaviors in OBDFs are investigated using the proposed model, and it is concluded that there is a unique gas-dissolving stage in comparison to the equilibrium gas-kick conditions. In this stage, the pit gain decreases to a large extent, and this phenomenon can be misinterpreted by the drilling crew as a loss of circulation or a decrease in the gas-kick intensity. The drilling-fluid-outflow rate is not a reliable gas-kick indicator because of the lower increment in the drilling-fluid-outflow rate under both nonequilibrium and equilibrium gas-dissolution conditions. Neglecting the gas-evolution rate in OBDFs could lead to overestimations of the maximum pit gain and the drilling-fluid-outflow rate. More gas moves from the wellbore in the form of dissolved gas under noninstantaneous gas-evolution conditions. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the safe and efficient treatment of gas kicks in OBDFs.
A novel tree-based algorithm for real-time prediction of rockburst risk using field microseismic monitoring
Authors: Yin Xin , Liu Quansheng , Pan Yucong , Huang Xing
Published: July 2021

Rockburst is a kind of complex and catastrophic dynamic geological disaster in the development and utilization of underground space, which seriously threatens the safety of personnel and environment. Due to the suddenness in time and randomness in space, the prediction of rockburst becomes a great challenge. Microseismic monitoring is capable to continuously capture rock microfracture signals in real time, which offers an effective means for rockburst prediction. With the explosive growth of monitoring data, the conventional manual forecasting methods are laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, artificial intelligence was introduced to improve the prediction efficiency. A novel tree-based algorithm was proposed. Its basic idea was to automatically recognize precursory microseismic sequences for the real-time prediction of rockburst intensity. The database consisting of 1500 microseismic events was analyzed. In order to establish precursory microseismic sequences, dimensionality reduction of the database was first implemented by t-SNE algorithm. Then, k-means clustering algorithm was employed for labelling 1500 microseismic events. Before that, canopy algorithm was adopted to determine the number of clusters. Finally, 300 precursory microseismic sequences were formed by grouping rule. They were further partitioned into two parts through stratified sampling: 70% for training and 30% for validation. The validation results indicated that the precursor tree with pruning achieved higher prediction accuracy of 98.9% than one without pruning on the validation set. And the increase was separately 12.2%, 9.2% and 28.6% on the whole validation set and each classes (low/moderate rockburst). In comparison with low rockburst, moderate rockburst was minority class. The improved accuracy on moderate rockburst suggested that pruning can enhance the recognition ability of precursor tree for minority class. Additionally, two extra rockburst cases were collected from a diversion tunnel in northwestern China, which provided a complete workflow about how to apply the built precursor tree model to achieve field rockburst warning in engineering practice. The tree-based algorithm served as a new and promising way for the real-time rockburst prediction, which successfully integrated field microseismic monitoring and artificial intelligence.
Design on Face Recognition System with Privacy Preservation Based on Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Yang Yatao , Zhang Qilin , Gao Wenbin , Fan Chenghao , Shu Qinyuan , Yun Hang
Published: July 2021

Face recognition is playing an increasingly important role in present society, and suffers from the privacy leakage in plaintext. Therefore, a recognition system based on homomorphic encryption that supports privacy preservation is designed and implemented in this paper. This system uses the CKKS algorithm in the SEAL library, Microsoft’s latest homomorphic encryption achievement, to encrypt the normalized face feature vectors, and uses the FaceNet neural network to learn on the image’s ciphertext to achieve face classification. Finally, face recognition in ciphertext is accomplished. After been tested, the whole process of extracting feature vectors and encrypting a face image takes only about 1.712s in the developed system. The average time to compare a group of images in ciphertext is about 2.06s, and a group of images can be effectively recognized within 30 degrees of face bias, the identification accuracy can reach 96.71%. Compared with the face recognition scheme based on the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES) encryption algorithm in ciphertext proposed by Wang et al. in 2019, our scheme improves the recognition accuracy by 4.21%. Compared with the image recognition scheme based on Elliptical encryption algorithm in ciphertext proposed by Kumar S et al. in 2018, the total time in our system is decreased by 76.2%. Therefore, this scheme has better operational efficiency and practical value while ensuring the users’ personal privacy. Compared with the face recognition system in plaintext presented in recent years, our scheme has almost the same level on recognition accuracy and time efficiency.
Influence of Sea Level Pressure on inter-annual rainfall variability in northern Senegal in the context of climate change
Authors: Diop Aichetou Dia , Wade Malick , Zebaze Sinclaire , DIOP Abdoulaye Bouya , Efon Eric , Lenouo Andre , DIOP Bouya
Published: July 2021

This study examines the inter-annual variability of rainfall and mean Sea Level Pressure (SLP) over west Africa based on analysis of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis respectively. An interconnection is found in this region, between MSLP anomaly (over Azores and St. Helena High) and monthly mean precipitation during summer (June to September: JJAS). We also found that over northern Senegal (15°N-17°N; 17°W-13°W) the SLP to the north is strong; the wind converges at 200hPa corresponding to the position of the tropical Easterly jet (TEJ); the rotational wind 700hPa (corresponding to the position of the AEJ) coming from the north-east is negative. In this region, the precipitation is related to the SLP to the north with the opposite sign. The empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) of SLP are also presented, including the mean spectrum of precipitation and pressures to the north (15°N-40°N and 50°W-25°W) and south (40°S-10°S and 40°W-0°E). The dominant EOF of Sea Level Pressures north and south of the Atlantic Ocean for GPCP represents about 62.2% and 69.4% of the variance, respectively. The second and third EOFs of the pressure to the north account for 24.0% and 6.5% respectively. The second and third EOFs of the pressure to the south represent 12.5% and 8.9% respectively. Wet years in the northern of Senegal were associated with anomalous low-pressure area over north Atlantic Ocean as opposed to the dry years which exhibited an anomalous high-pressure area in the same region. On the other hand, over south Atlantic, an opposition is noted. The wavelet analysis method is applied to the SLP showings to the north, south and precipitation in our study area. The indices prove to be very consistent, especially during intervals of high variance.
DRD2 and BDNF Polymorphisms Are Associated with Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Nonino Carla Barbosa , Barato Mariana , Ferreira Flavia Campos , Delfino Heitor Bernardes Pereira , Noronha Natalia Yumi , Nicoletti Carolina Ferreira , Junior Wilson Salgado , Welendorf Caroline Rossi , Souza Doroteia Rossi Silva , Ferreira-Julio Maysa Araújo , Watanabe Ligia Moriguchi , Pinhel Marcela Augusta de Souza
Published: July 2021

Aim: To analyze the association and susceptibility of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DRD2 and BDNF genes with BED in patients with weight regain in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery. Methods: 177 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery with weight regain were evaluated and divided into two groups according to the BED diagnostic. The individuals were submitted to an anthropometric evaluation, analysis of the presence of BED using a validated questionnaire, and blood collection for genotyping of the polymorphisms rs6265 (BDNF) and rs1800497 (DRD2) by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: the presence of wild-type alleles for rs1800497 (CC) and rs6265 (GG) were more frequent in patients without BED. Nevertheless, the presence of one or two variant alleles for rs1800497 (CT+TT) and rs6265 (GA+AA) was more frequent in patients with BED. The combination of the two studied SNPs prevailed in patients with BED. Conclusions: In the presence of polymorphisms rs1800497 in the DRD2 gene and rs6265 in the BDNF gene, isolated and/or combined could occur an additional risk for the development of BED in patients with obesity, especially in the context of weight regain.Level of evidence: III (evidence obtained from the case-control analytic study).
Gamma (γ)-mangostin attenuated gastric ulcers induced by absolute alcohol in rats: Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical investigation
Authors: Bradosty Sarwan W. , Hamad Saber W. , Shaikh Faiyaz Khudaboddin , Nanakali Nadir Mustafa , saed Hero Helal Muhammed , Shareef Suhyla Hamad , Agha Nabaz FisalShakir , Hussaini Jamal , Al-Medhtiy Morteta H. , Abdulla Mahmood Ameen , Suzergoz Faruk
Published: July 2021

Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae) principally contains gamma (γ)-mangostin, a xanthone that exhibits a wide spectrum of bioactivities. The current study was aimed to establish the gastroprotective effect of this compound in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in rats. Experimental Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were arbitrarily alienated into 5 groups (n = 6): negative control (10% Tween 20), ulcer control (10% Tween 20 + 5ml/kg absolute alcohol), reference control (5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 20mg/kg omeprazole), and two experimental groups (5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 10mg/kg γ-mangostin and 5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 20mg/kg γ-mangostin). After successful oral feeding, all rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. Gastro-histology highlighted severe injuries to the gastric mucosa with decrease in gastric mucosal content and gastric juice pH in ulcer control group. γ-mangostin (10 mg/kg & 20 mg/kg) showed strong gastroprotective effect by enhancing gastric mucosal content and gastric juice pH compared to the ulcer group, comparable to the omeprazole. Immuno-histochemical analysis revealed that γ-mangostin found to upregulate mucosal Hsp70 protein, and down-regulate Bax proteins. The biochemical analysis of mucosal tissue homogenate showed significant antioxidant activity with increase in SOD and CAT activities, whereas MDA was significantly decreased at p < 0.001. The histological, immuno-histochemical and biochemical analysis evidenced gastroprotective effects of γ-mangostin that are attributed to its potential to inhibit alcohol induced oxidative stress. Specifically, γ-mangostin improved histology of mucosal content and enhanced anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD & CAT) with decreasing lipid peroxidation (MDA). Furthermore dose dependent administration of γ-mangostin down-regulated expression of Bax protein and up-regulated HSP70.
Overexpression of NLRPs as Independent Indicator for Prognosis of Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jiayuan , Bangliang Li , Wen Wang , Lin S
Published: July 2021

NOD-like receptor proteins (NLRPs) are an important part of gene regulation and play a vital role in many cancers. Recently, some studies have shown that members of the NLRP family are a crucial component in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and can be used as the main therapeutic targets. To explore this hypothesis, bioinformatics analyses using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Oncomine, UALCAN, the Human Protein Atlas, and the cBioPortal database were performed in this study to determine the intracellular roles and functions of NLRPs. String and Cytoscape were also employed to investigate and visualize the proteins in intracellular pathways related to the regulation of HNSCC carcinogenesis. Further analysis revealed that the overexpression of NLRPs was significantly related to the HNSCC stage and the survival of patients. We also explored the miRNAs downstream of NLRPs involved in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using GEO2R, TargetScan, and miRDB, and found that NLRPs can serve as prognostic biomarkers for the survival of HNSCC patients.
Investigation of Optic Disc and Retinal Microvasculature by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Children with Asthma
Authors: Karaaslan Abdulkerim , Kurtul Bengi Ece , Cakmak Ayse Idil , El Cigdem
Published: July 2021

Purpose

To investigate the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in children with asthma and compare them with healthy ones.
Methods

Sixty eyes of 30 asthmatic children (asthma group), 60 eyes of 30 control age- and sex- matched healthy subjects (control group) were included to this study, prospectively. Demographic features and ophthalmological examination including OCTA measurements were evaluated. The OCTA was performed with 6x6 mm sections for macula and 4.5x4.5 mm sections for optic disc in all eyes. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, vessel density in different sections of retina, and optic nerve head were analyzed.
Results

RNFL thickness for temporal quadrants and flow area for outer retina levels were significantly lower in asthma group. However, inside disc densities were significantly higher in asthma group when compared to controls (72.58±10.99µm vs 77.73±9.73µm, p = 0.015, 0.60 ± 0.31mm2 vs 0.72 ± 0.31mm2, p = 0.047, and 55.16 ± 3.71% vs 52.08 ± 3.79%, p < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions

Asthmatic children seem to have lower values of temporal quadrant RNFL, and flow area for outer retina, but higher levels of inside disc density. These results may have significant implications for understanding of how asthma could affect retinal microvasculature.
Effects of individualized high positive end-expiratory pressure and crystalloid administration on postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective randomized single-blinded pilot study
Authors: Blecha Sebastian , Hager Anna , Gross Verena , Seyfried Timo , Zeman Florian , Lubnow Matthias , Burger Maximilian , Pawlik Michael
Published: July 2021

Background Robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) using a combination of capnoperitoneum and steep Trendelenburg positioning (STP) results in important pathophysiological pulmonary changes. The aim of the study was to evaluate if restrictive crystalloid administration and individual management of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improve peri- and postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing RALP in permanent 45 degree STP.Methods 98 patients undergoing RALP under standardized anesthesia were either allocated to a standard PEEP (5 mmHg) group or an individualized high PEEP group. Furthermore, each group was divided into a liberal vs restrictive crystalloid group (30 ml vs 15 ml per kg predicted body weight). Individualized PEEP levels were determined by means of preoperative PEEP titration in STP. In each of the four study groups following intraoperative parameters were analyzed: ventilation setting (PIP, driving pressure [Pdriv], lung compliance [LC], mechanical power [MP]), and postoperative pulmonary function (bed-side spirometry). The following spirometric parameters were measured pre- and postoperatively: the Tiffeneau index (FEV1/FVC ratio) and mean forced expiratory flow (FEF25 − 75). Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD), and groups were compared with ANOVA. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.Results The two individualized high PEEP groups (mean PEEP 15.5 [± 1.71 cmH2O]) showed significantly higher PIP and MP levels but significantly decreased Pdriv and increased LC. On the first and second postoperative day, patients with individualized higher PEEP levels had a significantly higher mean Tiffeneau index (day 1: 77.6% (± 6.6) vs 73.6% (± 8.8), P = 0.014; day 2: 76.5% (± 6.1) vs 72.7% (± 9.3), P = 0.021) and FEF25 − 75 (day 1: 2.41 liter/sec (± 0.9) vs 1.95 liter/sec (± 0.8), P = 0.009; day 2: 2.45 liter/sec (± 0.9) vs 2.07 liter/sec (± 0.8), P = 0.033). Perioperative oxygenation and postoperative spirometric parameters were not influenced by restrictive or liberal crystalloid infusion in either of the two PEEP groups.Conclusions Higher individualized PEEP levels during RALP improved blood oxygenation, lung-protective ventilation, and postoperative pulmonary function up to 48 hours after surgery. Restrictive crystalloid infusion during RALP seemed to have no effect on peri- and postoperative oxygenation and pulmonary function.
Dispersive temporal holography for single-shot recovering comprehensive ultrafast dynamics
Authors: Wang Wenchao , Xian Tianhao , Zhan Li
Published: July 2021

It is critical to characterize the carrier and instantaneous frequency distribution variation in ultrafast processes, all of which are determined by the optical phase. Nevertheless, there is no method that can single-shot record the intro-pulse phase evolution of pico/femtosecond signals, to date. By analogizing holographic principle in space to the time domain and using the time-stretch method, we propose the dispersive temporal holography to single-shot recover the phase and amplitude of ultrafast signals. It is a comprehensive technology and can be applied to analyze ultrafast signals with highly complex dynamics. Encouraged by the accurate restoration of self-similar amplification of parabolic pulses, we track rogue wave and breathers' formation and evolution. The details of rogue waves emerging from the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou recurrence and chaotic modulation instability were experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The method provides a powerful tool for exploring ultrafast science, which may benefit many fields, including laser dynamics, ultrafast diagnostics, nonlinear optics, and so on.