bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Future Flood Hazard Assessment for the City of Pamplona (Spain) Using an Ensemble of Climate Change Projections
Authors: Lompi Marco , Mediero Luis , Caporali Enrica
Published: March 2021

Understanding how the design hyetographs and floods will change in the future is essential for decision making in flood management plans. This study provides a methodology to quantify the expected changes in future hydraulic risks at the catchment scale in the city of Pamplona. It considers climate change projections supplied by 12 climate models, 7 return periods, 2 emission scenarios (representative concentration pathway RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5), and 3 time windows (2011–2040, 2041–2070, and 2070–2100). The Real-time Interactive Basin Simulator (RIBS) distributed hydrological model is used to simulate rainfall-runoff processes at the catchment scale. The results point to a decrease in design peak discharges for return periods smaller than 10 years and an increase for the 500- and 1000-year floods for both RCPs in the three time windows. The emission scenario RCP 8.5 usually provides the greatest increases in flood quantiles. The increase of design peak discharges is almost 10–30% higher in RCP 8.5 than in RCP 4.5. Change magnitudes for the most extreme events seem to be related to the greenhouse gas emission predictions in each RCP, as the greatest expected changes are found in 2040 for the RCP 4.5 and in 2100 for the RCP 8.5.
Simulation of Pan-Evaporation Using Penman and Hamon Equations and Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Ghumman Abdul Razzaq , Jamaan Mohammed , Ahmad Afaq , Shafiquzzaman Md. , Haider Husnain , Al Salamah Ibrahim Saleh , Ghazaw Yousry Mahmoud
Published: March 2021

The evaporation losses are very high in warm-arid regions and their accurate evaluation is vital for the sustainable management of water resources. The assessment of such losses involves extremely difficult and original tasks because of the scarcity of data in countries with an arid climate. The main objective of this paper is to develop models for the simulation of pan-evaporation with the help of Penman and Hamon’s equations, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and the Artificial Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The results from five types of ANN models with different training functions were compared to find the best possible training function. The impact of using various input variables was investigated as an original contribution of this research. The average temperature and mean wind speed were found to be the most influential parameters. The estimation of parameters for Penman and Hamon’s equations was quite a daunting task. These parameters were estimated using a state of the art optimization algorithm, namely General Reduced Gradient Technique. The results of the Penman and Hamon’s equations, ANN, and ANFIS were compared. Thirty-eight years (from 1980 to 2018) of manually recorded pan-evaporation data regarding mean daily values of a month, including the relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine duration, and temperature, were collected from three gauging stations situated in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Mean Square Error (MSE) evaluated the performance of pan-evaporation modeling techniques. The study shows that the ANFIS simulation results were better than those of ANN and Penman and Hamon’s equations. The findings of the present research will help managers, engineers, and decision makers to sustainability manage natural water resources in warm-arid regions.
Cyber-Attack Detection in Water Distribution Systems Based on Blind Sources Separation Technique
Authors: Brentan Bruno , Rezende Pedro , Barros Daniel , Meirelles Gustavo , Luvizotto Edevar , Izquierdo Joaquín
Published: March 2021

Service quality and efficiency of urban systems have been dramatically boosted by various high technologies for real-time monitoring and remote control, and have also gained privileged space in water distribution. Monitored hydraulic and quality parameters are crucial data for developing planning, operation and security analyses in water networks, which makes them increasingly reliable. However, devices for monitoring and remote control also increase the possibilities for failure and cyber-attacks in the systems, which can severely impair the system operation and, in extreme cases, collapse the service. This paper proposes an automatic two-step methodology for cyber-attack detection in water distribution systems. The first step is based on signal-processing theory, and applies a fast Independent Component Analysis (fastICA) algorithm to hydraulic time series (e.g., pressure, flow, and tank level), which separates them into independent components. These components are then processed by a statistical control algorithm for automatic detection of abrupt changes, from which attacks may be disclosed. The methodology is applied to the case study provided by the Battle of Attack Detection Algorithms (BATADAL) and the results are compared with seven other approaches, showing excellent results, which makes this methodology a reliable early-warning cyber-attack detection approach.
Bicycle Speed Modelling Considering Cyclist Characteristics, Vehicle Type and Track Attributes
Authors: Yan Xingchen , Ye Xiaofei , Chen Jun , Wang Tao , Yang Zhen , Bai Hua
Published: March 2021

Cycling is an increasingly popular mode of transport as part of the response to air pollution, urban congestion, and public health issues. The emergence of bike sharing programs and electric bicycles have also brought about notable changes in cycling characteristics, especially cycling speed. In order to provide a better basis for bicycle-related traffic simulations and theoretical derivations, the study aimed to seek the best distribution for bicycle riding speed considering cyclist characteristics, vehicle type, and track attributes. K-means clustering was performed on speed subcategories while selecting the optimal number of clustering using L method. Then, 15 common models were fitted to the grouped speed data and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Akaike information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion were applied to determine the best-fit distribution. The following results were acquired: (1) bicycle speed sub-clusters generated by the combinations of bicycle type, bicycle lateral position, gender, age, and lane width were grouped into three clusters; (2) Among the common distribution, generalized extreme value, gamma and lognormal were the top three models to fit the three clusters of speed dataset; and (3) integrating stability and overall performance, the generalized extreme value was the best-fit distribution of bicycle speed.
Again about the «Glaziev phenomenon». In connection with the 60th anniversary of the scientist and politician
Authors: Batchikov S.A.
Published: March 2021

The article describes the scientific and state-political activity of S. Yu. Glaziev. What is emphasized is what he succeeded as a scientist-economist, working out the key problems of the development strategy of Russia and Eurasian economic integration, as well as in the qualities of a Russian minister, a deputy of the State Duma and chairman of the Duma committee on economic policy and entrepreneurship, adviser to the head of state and minister of the Eurasian Ec onomic Commission.
To analyze the latest situation in the Russian dairy market
Authors: Konkina V.S.
Published: March 2021

In article the complex assessment of the market of milk and molokoprodukt including allocation of positive and negative trends of development is given.

The analysis of a condition of the dairy industry it was carried out according to Rosstat and FCS. The author considers that decrease in consumption against the background of the stagnating income of households, and with another — rather strong differentiation on extent of saturation is characteristic of the dairy market.

The pursued protectionist agrarian policy provides to domestic agricultural producers of preference, providing development of the dairy industry. However, growth rates are insufficient. For fundamental change of a situation in the industry it is necessary to expand the list of restrictive measures and also to apply the measures of state regulation focused on increase in productivity of work, implementation of innovative technologies, ensuring the principles of the healthy competition, etc.
Deyişbilimsel Çözümleme Yoluyla Nâzım Hikmet’in “Dünyanın En Tuhaf Mahluku” Şiirinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ULUS Gökçe
Published: March 2021

Nâzım Hikmet Ran, Türk Edebiyatı’nın en güçlü şairlerinden biridir. Dünya görüşüyle uyumlu olarak, şiirde büyük bir devrim yaptığı söylenebilir. Söyleyiş, konu ve biçim açısından şiirleri yenilikler barındıran eserlerdir. Özgürlük, barış, umut, mücadele, aşk, ölüm, hasret, eşitlik Nâzım Hikmet şiirlerinin en sık rastlanan temleridir. Geniş kitleler için sembol haline gelen Nâzım Hikmet, Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde serbest müstezat biçiminin ilk ve başarılı örneklerini vermiştir. Şair kimliğiyle öne çıkan Nâzım Hikmet’in düzyazıları, mektupları, çevirileri, senaryoları da vardır. Uzun yıllar mahkûm olmuş ve hayatının son döneminde ülkesine hasret yaşamak zorunda kalmıştır. Her döneminde Türkçeyi ustalıkla kullanır. Şiirindeki ustalığını şiirin sesinde, üslûbunda ve anlamında göstermekle kalmamış; görsel düzenlemesiyle şiirdeki duyguları görünür hâle getirmiştir. Bu makalede Nâzım Hikmet’in 1947 yılında yayımlanan Dünyanın En Tuhaf Mahluku şiiri, deyişbilimin ışığında incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada koşutluk, yineleme, önceleme ve sapma ölçütleri kullanılacaktır. Şiirin anlamına ulaşmak için izlenen bu yolu kullanarak birinci bölüm “Sözbilimsel Ögeler”, ikinci bölüm “Kurgu ve Yapı Taslakları” başlığı altında incelenecektir. Şiirdeki dil kullanımları üzerinden sonuç bölümünde bir yargıya varılacaktır. Söyleyiş özelliklerinin şiirin anlamını destekleme noktasında oynadığı rol ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Defterdar Mehmed Behcet Efendi’ye Sunulan Şiirler Mecmuası (Aemnz 575)
Authors: EFE Zahide
Published: March 2021

Klasik Türk edebiyatının en önemli eser türlerinden olan divanlar incelendiğinde başta padişahlar olmak üzere sadrazamlar, veziriazamlar, şeyhülislamlar, valiler gibi pek çok kişiye çeşitli münasebetlerle yazılmış çok sayıda manzumeye rastlanılmaktadır. Bu şiirler, şairlerin bazen manzumelerini sundukları kişilerin iltifatını kazanmak, bazen beklentilerini dile getirmek, bazen de sanat kudretini göstermek maksadıyla kaleme alınmıştır.Divanlarda dağınık halde karşımıza çıkan bu manzumelerin bazı mecmualarda bir araya getirilerek belli şahıslar adına derlendiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden mecmua da bu özelliklere haiz bir şiir mecmuası olup 18. yüzyıl devlet adamlarından Defterdar Mehmed Behcet Efendi adına tertip edilmiştir.Behcet Efendi için yazılan manzumeleri ihtiva eden bu mecmua, Millet Kütüphanesi Ali Emiri Yazmaları 575 numarada kayıtlıdır. Eserde 18. yüzyılda yaşamış 43 şaire ait kıt‘a, nazm, kaside, gazel, mesnevi, terci-i bend ve tahmis gibi nazım şekilleri ile yazılmış 111 manzume yer almaktadır.Bu çalışmada öncelikle Mehmed Behcet Efendi hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmiş ve mecmuanın şekil ve muhteva özelikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Ardından mecmuada yer alan manzumelerden bazı örnekler verilerek mecmuadaki şiirlerin MESTAP’a göre tasnifi yapılmıştır.
Hulki Aktunç’un Öykülerinde Renklerin Kullanımı
Authors: ÇOPUR Yusuf
Published: March 2021

Hulki Aktunç edebiyatın pek çok türünde eser veren bir yazardır. Şiirleri, deneme ve romanlarıyla gerek üslup gerekse dil becerisi anlamında dikkat çeken bir isim olmuştur. Resim ve tablo sergileri de düzenleyen Aktunç, en çok öyküleriyle anılır. Öykülerinde ağırlıklı olarak yalnızlık, arayış, aidiyet sorunsalı ve kaçış gibi temalar öne çıkar. Hulki Aktunç, geleneksel anlatım tarzlarını kendine has özelliğiyle modernize eder ve bilinç akışı, monolog tekniklerine sıkça başvurur. Hulki Aktunç, eserlerinde Doğu ve Batı edebi geleneklerinden yararlanır. Söyleyişe önem verir. Öykülerinin içeriğinde halk hikâyeleri, söylenceler, efsaneler sıkça yer alır. Aktunç, biçimsel olarak anlatımda kullandığı teknik ve yöntemlerle özgünlüğünü ve çağdaşlığını korur. Hazırladığı Büyük Argo Sözlüğü, onun Türkçeye hâkimiyetini de gösterir. Türkçeye hâkim olmasının yanında Aktunç, öykülerinde Farsçadan Arapçaya, Kürtçeden Ermeniceye, Fransızcadan Rumcaya pek çok dilden kelimelere yer verir. Aktunç’un öykü kahramanları yalnız, karamsar, içe dönük özellikler taşır. Yazarın öykülerinde bireysellik ön plandadır. Yazar, bireyin iç buhranları, kaçışları, yabancılaşması üzerinden içinde yaşadığı toplumun değer yargılarını sorgular. Renklerin kullanımı, Hulki Aktunç’un öykülerindeki karakter ve tiplerle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Yazar, eserlerinde renkleri daha çok doğrudan kullanmış, çeşitli edebi sanatlara ve süslü bir anlatıma renkleri dâhil etmemiştir. Yazarın sokakta konuşulan dili öykülerinde kullanması renklerin de günlük dildeki kullanımlarıyla yer alması sonucunu doğurmuştur. Yazarın öykülerinde karakterlerin sosyoekonomik durumları, renklerin kullanım biçimlerine yansımıştır.
Beki L. Bahar'ın Eserlerinde Ankara
Authors: ULUSOY TUNÇEL Ayşe
Published: March 2021

Beki L. Bahar, şiir, hikâye, tiyatro gibi edebiyatın çeşitli alanlarında, Türkçe edebî eserler ve bu türler üzerine denemeler kaleme almış bir yazardır. Bu eserlerin yanı sıra Bahar, Ankara, Bursa, Edirne ve Eskişehir Yahudi toplumu üzerine araştırma yazıları da yazarak üretkenliğini devam ettirmiştir. Yahudi asıllı olan Beki Bahar, Ankara Yahudi toplumunun tarihçesini ve kültürel uygulamalarını aktarırken, konuyu Ankara'nın tarihiyle paralel bir şekilde ele almıştır. Hayatının büyük bir bölümünü (1937-1980) Ankara'da geçiren Beki Bahar, Ankara'da doğmamış olsa bile, kişiliğinin bu şehrin kendine özgü havasından oluştuğunu ileri sürecek kadar Ankara'yı sevmiş ve benimsemiştir. Beki Bahar, Ankara tarihi üzerine bilgi verirken belgelerden ve o dönemlerin tanığı olan insan hazinelerinden faydalanır. Bu bilgilerin en kıymetli yönü ise yazarın hem kendi anıları hem de yakın çevresindeki insanların, bir romana konu olabilecek zenginlikteki hikâyeleri ile cisimlenmiş bir şekilde karşımıza çıkmalarıdır. Beki Bahar'ın anıları, özellikle, Cumhuriyet sonrasında başkent Ankara'nın gelişim süreci hakkında önemli ayrıntılarla yüklüdür. Gerçekleri anlatmaya özen gösteren, tespitleri ve ifadesi güçlü, her iki kültüre hakim bir yazarın kaleminin ürünü olmaları bu yazıları daha değerli kılmaktadır.
Türkçede Yan Anlamı Temel Anlam Durumuna Geçen Sözlükbirimler
Authors: ÇOLAK Gülcan
Published: March 2021

Bu makalede, güncel Türkçe sözlüklerde madde başı olarak yer alan 18 çokanlamlı sözlükbirimin temel anlamından tamamen ya da büyük oranda uzaklaştıkları, yan anlamlarının ise temel anlam durumuna geçtiği, tarama araştırması ve içerik analizi yöntemleriyle kanıtlanmaya çalışılmıştır.Seçilen sözlükbirimlerin akla gelen ilk anlamını, tarama araştırması yöntemiyle belirlemeye yönelik bir anket hazırlanmıştır. 63’ü kadın, 37’si erkek ve yaş ortalaması 33 olan farklı eğitim düzeylerinden 100 kişi, anketteki sözlükbirimlerin zihinlerinde oluşan ilk anlamını belirtip bu hedef kelimeleri cümle içinde kullanmıştır. İçerik analizi için Türkçe Ulusal Derlemi’nden (TUD) yararlanılmış; hedef sözlükbirimlerin bağlam içinde gösterdikleri anlamlar ve bunların kullanım sıklıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki yöntemle elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, bu sözlükbirimlerin Türkçenin genel sözlüklerinde temel olarak açıklanan anlamlarının bilinmediği ya da kaybolmakta olduğu; yan anlamlarının ise günümüz Türkçesinde temel anlam durumuna geçtiği tespit edilmiştir.
Kadınların Sezaryen Deneyimleri ve Doğum Sonrası Dönemde Bakım Gereksinimleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: KAYA ODABAŞ Resmiye , TAŞPINAR Ayten
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu

araştırmanın temel amacı lohusaların sezaryen deneyimlerini ve sezaryen sonrası bakım

gereksinimlerini incelemektir.

Yöntem: Nitel

araştırma tekniklerinden görüşme tekniği kullanılmış olup fenomenolojik araştırmadır. Örneklemi;

maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme tekniğiyle belirlenen Aydın Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk

Hastalıkları Hastanesi’nde sezaryen olan 12 lohusa oluşturmuştur. Veriler yarı

yapılandırılmış form ile bireysel görüşme ve ses kaydı alınarak toplanmış,

içerik analizi yoluyla çözümlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Bu

çalışmada gebelik döneminde yaşanılan sağlık problemlerinin başında bulantı, kusma, bel ağrısı, kas kramplarının

geldiği, lohusaların yarısının doğum ve doğum şekliyle ilgili araştırma

yaptığı, araştırma yapan lohusaların yarısının internetten araştırma yaptığı ve

hepsinin çevrelerinden doğumla ilgili duyumlar aldığı, çoğu lohusaların normal

doğumu tercih ettiği, sezaryen olanların hemen hemen tamamının sezaryeninin

hekim kararıyla olduğu, lohusaların tamamının ameliyat ekibinden memnun

kaldığı, ameliyat ortamının lohusalara korku ve heyecan hissettirdiği,

postoperatif  süreçte sezaryene bağlı

sorun yaşandığı, sorunların başında da ağrı, acı ve hareket güçlüğü geldiği, ağrı ve acı ile baş etme yöntemleri,

öz aktivitelerini yerine getirme ve emzirme konularında  ebelik bakımına ihtiyaçları olduğu ve lohusaların yarıdan fazlasının sezaryenden

pişman olmadıkları bulunmuştur.

Sonuç:

Lohusaların sezaryen doğum deneyimlerinin olumlu olduğu ve en fazla ağrı ve acı

ile baş etmede, öz aktivitelerini yerine getirmede ve emzirme konularında

ebelik bakımına ihtiyaçları olduğu bulunmuştur.
Hekimlere Güven Düzeyinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: DENİZ Serkan , ÇİMEN Mesut
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Güven kavramı, hasta-hekim ilişkisinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile toplumun hekimlere güven düzeyinin belirlenmesi ve hekimlere güven düzeyinin demografik değişkenlere göre istatistiksel olarak farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte planlanan araştırma, Ekim 2019’da İstanbul’da gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma evrenini İstanbul’da ikamet eden ve 18 yaşını doldurmuş bireyler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplamak için anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma ile elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcıların hekime güven düzeyinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (3,82±0,60). Ayrıca katılımcıların cinsiyetine, yaşına ve çalışma durumuna göre hekime güven düzeylerinin istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların eğitim ve medeni durumuna göre hekime güven düzeylerinin istatistiksel olarak farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda hekime güven düzeyinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiş ve bu sonuç çerçevesinde bireylerin hekime güven düzeyinin sürdürülebilir ve arttırılmasına yönelik bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Condena moral, temor político y provecho mercantil: actitudes y políticas españolas ante las “borracheras” indígenas (frontera de la Concepción de Chile, siglo XVIII)
Authors: Alioto Sebastián L.
Published: March 2021

En toda la América indígena, los festines colectivos resultaron eventos de sociabilidad de primer orden. Las borracheras fueron en Chile una de las principales dificultades afrontadas por los misioneros cristianos para convertir a los nativos, también las autoridades civiles y militares las consideraban peligrosas porque podían generar rebeliones y levantamientos. La venta de alcohol a los indios fue tradicionalmente rechazada hasta que, en ocasión del Parlamento de 1793 y tras recabar varias opiniones, el gobierno español decidió incentivar el comercio de bebidas alcohólicas con los indígenas ¿Por qué quienes tradicionalmente se habían opuesto a la introducción de alcohol en la frontera ahora, en abrumadora mayoría, la avalaban y recomendaban con énfasis? A través de diversas fuentes, que incluyen las opiniones solicitadas a varios actores coloniales, trataremos de contestar esta pregunta examinando la situación económica de la frontera penquista hacia fines del siglo XVIII, cuyos avatares explican en buena medida las reacciones de los interesados.
Quantifying interior coastal marsh degradation at two North Carolina marshes
Authors: Johnson Faith , Ortiz Alejandra
Published: March 2021

Marshes along the coast of North Carolina are currently at risk due to ongoing land loss, and as they are highly productive waterways, understanding the processes driving land loss is critical. By focusing on two marshes adjacent to waterways — Roanoke Marsh, south of Manns Harbor, and Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge — we created a dataset of land loss rates from 1983 to 2016, both within the marsh interior (due to expanding ponds) and on the outer edge of the marsh (coastal retreat). We investigated the hypothesized primary driver behind the interior pond expansion (wind-driven waves in the pond interior) and the coastal edge retreat of the marsh (wind-driven waves within Currituck Sound). The total land area lost over the 34- year study period was 1.49 km2 and 2.32 km2 on Roanoke Marsh and Mackay Island, respectively. The percentage of total land lost due to internal pond expansion was 60% in Roanoke Marsh and 44% in Mackay Island. Internal pond expansion is at least of equal importance to outer coastal retreat for net land loss in these coastal marshes. The local wind has a dominant direction from the north-northwest with more energetic winds during the winter. However, the wind directions and direction of pond expansion do not appear to be correlated. This may be because the winds are bimodal and drive expansion in multiple directions. In addition, there is subsidence in this portion of North Carolina that may be an additional factor contributing to the pond area expansion.
Emphasis of Welfare State in Valluvam
Authors: R Venkatesh
Published: March 2021

The relationship between literature and politics is a reciprocal one. The core theme of literature makes a positive impact on individual and society. Literature was considered as a powerful tool to explore the moral, ethical and social values which brought notable changes in the socio – political sphere. In this context, Thirukkural is most important universally accepted literature as it reveals the ethical values of politics and administrative system found in the erstwhile Tamil society like elements of state, fortification, excellence of army, factors for good governance, qualities of a king, minister, avoidance of faults, etc. Thirukkural is a timeless Tamil Classic written approximately 2,000 years ago by the great thinker and philosopher - Saint Thiruvalluvar. Ethical and political principles of a very high standard are expressed in the Thirukkural in a lucid and precise manner which also applicable to the present day democratic governance. Out of the three, the second part ‘Porul’, (Wealth) is a treatise on political philosophy and administrative practices as well as on economy. It is directly addressed to the leader or the Ruler. As such this paper attempts to highlight the administrative thoughts of Thiruvalluvar in the context of good governance and welfare politics that existed in ancient Tamil society.
KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMERKOSAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF VIKTIMOLOGI
Authors: Heryanto, dkk Budi
Published: March 2021

The crime of rape is a serious threat to women by criminals that cause unrest in society. It is not uncommon for minors to become victims of the crime of rape. Women who should receive protection from all forms of threats have not yet materialized in practice. Indonesian positive law is more focused on the perpetrators of criminal acts than on victims. Many other regulations on the handling of crimes since investigation, investigation, prosecution, pretrial and law enforcement, witnesses, and victims have received little attention. The impact that is difficult to cure for rape victims in the form of mental and psychological illnesses is a concern for rape victims. It is not uncommon for crimes related to women to be left untouched by law enforcement. The reasons why crimes against women can occur and why many rape cases are not legally resolved will be discussed in this study. Keywords : Victims, Rape, Crime, Victimology
PELAKSANAAN DISKRESI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DALAM RANGKA PENEGAKAN HUKUM
Authors: Suparman Rossi
Published: March 2021

Secreted as an action or decision that can be used by the state civil service (ASN) under certain conditions, in carrying out the law enforcement duties of civil servants especially the police the authority to use discretion can be applied according to the conditions needed in the context of law enforcement, but after the enactment of Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration requires clarity regarding the position of discretion in law enforcement. The method used is a normative approach using secondary and primary data that is analyzed qualitatively. The results showed (1) That the enactment of the Law on Government Administration is an effort to provide a legal position for discretion within the State Civil Apparatus. Discretion is regulated more clearly, from the definition, the limit according to the law, the limit is issued by the authorized official, the purpose, scope, conditions, use of discretion and approval procedures, and the consequences of discretionary law. (2) POLRI in its position as a law enforcement apparatus has the function of enforcing law in the judicial field both preventive and repressive. So with the discretionary authority in the judicial field as stipulated in Law No. 2 of 2002 in Article 18 paragraph (1) that "In the public interest of the Republic of Indonesia National Police officials in carrying out their duties and authorities can act according to their own judgment". (3) that in the relationship between the implementation of discretion according to the Government Administrative Law and the Police Law of the Republic of Indonesia there is an expansion of the purpose of police discretion in law enforcement, which is not only to create and maintain security and order, but also to launch and overcome obstacles in the process of law enforcement.Keywords : Discretion, State Civil Apparatus, Law Enforcement.
HUKUM PENGUPAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA (UUCK) DAN KEINGINAN SEMUA PIHAK DALAM HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Zulkarnaen Ahmad Hunaeni
Published: March 2021

There must be harmony between the awareness and political attitude of the government that views the UUCK wage law can realize the wishes of all parties in industrial relations (Employers, Workers / Labor, Government), namely the desire of employer groups to realize productivity and/or corporate profit, the desire of workers/labor groups in the form of decent income and the desire of the government to improve the investment ecosystem and competitiveness of Indonesia. Therefore, the government must take and/or recommend a decision, strategically to realize the UUCK wage law that can simultaneously realize the wishes of all parties in industrial relations.Keywords : UUCK Wage Law, Industrial Relations, Employers, Workers/Labor.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMBERI PINJAMAN ATAS RISIKO KREDIT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PINJAM MEMINJAM UANG BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI (PEER TO PEER LENDING)
Authors: Wardhani Indah Kusuma , Apriandini Fawzia
Published: March 2021

The fastest growing financial technology (fintech) in Indonesia is peer to peer lending, where customers could obtain loans in a simple, easy, and fast way, yet without collateral. However, in practice, peer to peer lending has a very high credit risk because the ability of fintech companies in assessing prospective loan recipients is not as good as other financial institutions. Therefore, preventive and repressive legal protection are needed, especially for lenders, which are regulated in OJK Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning the Implementation of Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing and OJK Regulation Number 1/POJK.07/2013 concerning Consumers’ Protection in Financial Services Sector. With the two OJK Regulations, lenders have received sufficient legal protection, but it must be further strengthened, especially in terms of credit risk mitigation.Keywords: Legal Protection for Lenders, Peer To Peer Lending, Credit Risk
História, Espaços e Sensibilidades
Authors: Macêdo e Silva Filho Antônio Luis
Published: March 2021

Livro com artigos apresentados no VI Seminário Internacional História e Historiografia. Os trabalhos aqui reunidos fizeram parte dos Simpósios Temáticos “História e sensibilidade: políticas, escritas e afetos”, “História, cidades e práticas no/do espaço” e “Pelo direito à cidade: viver e sentir a história e a memória dos espaços urbanos no Brasil República”. Temas e dimensões com os quais a historiografia contemporânea vem trabalhando assiduamente – as camadas de tempo, o papel da memória na construção de identidades, o espaço como expressão das relações sociais, o cotidiano e suas criações culturais não autorizadas, os efeitos de sentido produzidos pela escrita – atravessam os estudos deste livro, sugerindo que, como outras iniciativas de relevo, ele poderá vir a tornar-se um documento para futuras investigações historiográficas.
ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DE PRODUTIVIDADE DOS CENTROS DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL ENTRE AS MACRORREGIÕES DO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA NOS ANOS DE 2013 A 2020
Authors: Américo Dantas Camilo de Souza Renato , Bento Cavalcanti Jonathan , Luiz Silva Camêlo Edwirde
Published: March 2021

OBJETIVO: Este estudo buscou rastrear e discutir as prováveis correlações estatísticas observadas entre alguns dos principais indicadores de produtividade dos serviços de saúde mental oferecidos pelos CAPS das 4 macrorregiões do estado da Paraíba. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo- analítico, baseado em dados secundários registrados entre Janeiro de 2013 e Dezembro de 2020 nas bases de dados governamentais do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, SIH-DATASUS. RESULTADOS: Com exceção dos atendimentos em grupo, a quantidade de procedimentos realizados nos CAPS da região da Mata paraibana demonstra pouquíssima dispersão, o que aponta para uma constância no decorrer dos anos. Os atendimentos em grupo nessa região também aparecem de forma um pouco simétrica, o valor máximo foi puxado por um ponto extremo, mostrando que a Mata Paraibana tem pontos elevados por causa das grandes cidades e da densidade populacional. CONCLUSÃO: Reitera-se a necessidade de defesa do SUS enquanto pauta política fundamental à consolidação da garantia de direito ao acesso amplo e democrático da população à serviços de saúde mental humanizados, especializados e de alta qualidade.

Palavras chave: Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Psicologia da Saúde. Políticas Públicas. Sistema Único de Saúde.
Discrete Chebyshev Wavelet Transformation with Image Processing
Authors: Rasheed Mohammed , Abdulrahman Asma Abdulelah , Shihab Suha
Published: March 2021

This article introduces novel image processing techniques due to improve the images under examine based on Chebyshev wavelet filter. The technique enabling to obtain Chebyshev wavelet transform using four kinds of Chebyshev wavelet operation matrix of integration, which conduct to enhance the images quality under examine. After comparing the results with standard waves that have a large role in the image processing, it was concluded that the second type of proposed wavelets is the most efficient of the three types, all this work was done using the MatLab program. The obtained results indicate decreasing of MSE= 1.777910-29, increasing both PSNR=340.2918, BPP=0.0078125 and compression ratio CR=0.03% reveal the effectiveness and accuracy of the suggested technique. The results can be utilized in various areas such as science treatment, medicine, noise removal and compression images.
The Dynamics of an Eco-Epidemiological Model with Allee Effect and Harvesting in the Predator
Authors: Satar Huda Abdul
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to propose and evaluate an eco-epidemiological model with Allee effect and nonlinear harvesting in predators. It was assumed that there is an SI-type of disease in prey, and only portion of the prey would be attacked by the predator due to the fleeing of the remainder of the prey to a safe area. It was also assumed that the predator consumed the prey according to modified Holling type-II functional response. All possible equilibrium points were determined, and the local and global stabilities were investigated. The possibility of occurrence of local bifurcation was also studied. Numerical simulation was used to further evaluate the global dynamics and the effects of varying parameters on the asymptotic behavior of the system.
A New Boubaker Wavelets Operational Matrix of Integration
Authors: Sarhan Mohammed Abdelhadi , Shihab Suha , Rasheed Mohammed
Published: March 2021

Many fields of science and engineering have used wavelet functions. They are established from expansion of a single mother wavelet function. Boubaker wavelet functions are presented in this paper based on the important properties of Boubaker polynomials. The research goal of this article is to drive a Boubaker wavelets operation matrix of integration in general formulas. Then an approximate solution method for solving a singular initial value problem is presented using Boubaker wavelets along the obtained operational matrix of integration. The importance of this method is that it converts a singular initial value problem in order to solve algebraic examples as a system. The process is based on reducing by means of integration the original problem into integral equations using a Boubaker wavelets operation matrix of integration to predict the integral equation. Illustrative experiments are included. In addition, computational results obtained by a Boubaker wavelets operation matrix of integration are compared with the exact solutions and other existing methods.
International Laws on Oil Pollution Caused by Ships and Their Enforcement in Vietnam
Authors: Van Tan Pham
Published: March 2021

Pollution in the marine environment, especially pollution caused by oil, is of major interest to the international community because the sea plays a major role in human life. With the rapid development of Vietnam’s maritime activities, the risk of oil pollution in Vietnam’s sea is increasing. Therefore, the study of the international laws on oil pollution caused by ships is also an urgent and necessary issue for Vietnam. The system of modern international laws has formed the legal regulatory framework to address oil pollution caused by ships at the sea by a series of international conventions related to oil pollution. With the comparison method and assessment method, the article describes a new idea for improving the oil pollution law system of Vietnam, based on the analysis and comparison of international conventions on oil pollution caused by ships with several Vietnam laws, including: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982; International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978; International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage 1992; and International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage 2001. From these analyses and comparisons, the author offers some learned lessons for Vietnam, which have helped Vietnam to develop legal documents to improve the legal system regarding oil pollution – which is a necessity for Vietnam at present.
New Properties of Modified Second Kind Chebyshev Polynomials
Authors: Aziz Semaa Hassan , Rasheed Mohammed , Shihab Suha
Published: March 2021

Modified second kind Chebyshev polynomials for solving higher order differential equations are presented in this paper. This technique, along with some new properties of such polynomials, will reduce the original differential equation problem to the solution of algebraic equations with a straightforward and computational digital computer. Some illustrative examples are included. The modified second kind Chebyshev polynomial is calculated using only a small number of the modified second kind Chebyshev polynomials, which leads to attractive results.
The Effect of Hold Melt Time against Al-Cu Alloy Hardness and Impact Strength on Recycled Piston and Copper Casting
Authors: Suprapto Wahyono , Arrahim N. Ghazali , Setyawan Pungky Eka
Published: March 2021

The product quality and estimation of chemical elements in cast products are determined by the melting of raw materials and the alloying of materials. Copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc, and manganese are alloying elements, which are often added either separately or together to aluminum. The alloy element, when found in aluminum castings, can found of different types of hardenings: solution, age, and work hardenings. In this study, copper was added to the piston recycle casting to obtain a hardening of the dissolution. However, the melting point of copper reaches 1200°C, which is two times higher than the melting point of the piston, reaching 600°C. If casting is done at the melting point of copper, then some elements will be lost, and the solubility of hydrogen gas will be greater as a result of the as-cast recycled piston and the reduced quality of copper like this mechanical properties is decreased. In this study, the former piston was re-melted, and copper pieces were inserted into the melted piston at 600°C and held at 800°C for 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes. The copper solubility phenomenon in recycling a liquid piston due to diffusion events can be demonstrated by the characteristics and mechanical properties of the as-cast recycled piston and copper added. Hardness, impact, and metallographic test specimens from from recycled as-cast product made with permanent molds. The results of specimen testing show that the longer the holding time, the increase in the hardness value and impact resistance of the specimen, and the formation of the Al2Cu phase increases with increasing holding time. The maximum hardness and durability of 86.3 BHN and 9.6 joules/cm2, respectively, were obtained at a hold melt of 120 minutes. In addition, at a holding time of 90 minutes, the formed Al2Cu phase formation is increase so that the Al phase is decrease
Premixed Combustion of Vegetable Oil in a Cylinder with 4 Magnetic Poles
Authors: Soebiyakto Gatot , Wardana I.N.G. , Hamidi Nurkholis , Yuliati Lilis
Published: March 2021

This article describes a new method/idea in vegetable oil combustion based on stoichiometry, enabling vegetable oil vapor to burn in premixed combustion more effectively. Using the circular magnetic field from four north and south poles with a magnitude of 3 Tesla to surround the cylindrical combustor, the flaming vegetable oil vapor was captured and recorded as still pictures. Based on the flame pattern in these pictures, analysis has been conducted. The authors determined that the magnetic field accelerated the rate of premixed combustion reactions because the spin of electrons and the spin of hydrogen protons became more energetic. Magnetic fields also controlled the propagation of flame through the mobility of electrons in vegetable oil molecules and through the paramagnetic properties of oxygen and the diamagnetic properties of H2O, which carried heat to the product. Short-chain saturated fatty acid flame is highly reactive because of its high polarity, but its combustion reaction is less affected by magnetic fields because of its low electron mobility. Conversely, long-chain fatty acid flame is less reactive because of its low polarity, but its combustion reaction is strengthened by the magnetic field because of its higher electron mobility. The magnetic field in the transition field of the north and south poles had the strongest accelerating influence on flame propagation and the reaction rate via attraction of paramagnetic O2 and repulsion of diamagnetic H2O across the flame.
The Effect of Immersion Time of Coconut Fiber in Limestone Water on Tensile Strength and Surface Morphology
Authors: Sutrisno  , Soenoko Rudy , Irawan Yudy Surya , Widodo Teguh Dwi
Published: March 2021

This study aims to identify the effect of immersion of coconut fiber in limestone water on surface morphology and tensile strength, including chemical reactions during immersion. Coconut coir fibers were immersed in a solution of limestone water for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours, with a mass fraction of limestone of 5%, then dried for 1 hour. Coconut fiber was characterized by a single fiber tensile testing machine, Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results showed that the percentage of 5% with 8 hours of immersion in the fiber had a cleaner surface morphology with a tensile strength of 234.62 MPa. Therefore, as an alternative to improving the characteristics of a single thread, immersion in limestone water needs to be applied.
Factors Affecting the Auditor Independence: Approach of the Subject and Framework in Financial Statement Auditing in Vietnam
Authors: Duc Le Doan Minh , Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang , Thuy Vo Hoang Ngoc , Hung Nguyen Thanh , Vu Nguyen Thanh
Published: March 2021

This study employed a subject-based framework to explore the factors that affect auditor independence in financial statement auditing in Vietnam. The data collected using one-on-one interview and group discussion techniques were qualitatively analyzed through open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Thereafter, 100 experienced practicing auditors were interviewed to confirm the results of the research. The research ﬁndings showed that the main factors affecting auditor independence are personal characteristics of the auditor, the audit firm's environment, and legal enviroment in audit. At the same time, the research uncovered several new factors affecting auditors’ independence in Vietnam, namely, ethical awareness of auditors, learning and training, industry-specific skills, corporate governance, economic development of the country and international integration. These findings can serve to guide the management of the process of auditing financial statements while adhering to the ethical framework of auditing in Vietnam.
Political and Military Fronts in Resolving Asymmetrical Conflicts
Authors: Putra Bama Andika
Published: March 2021

The growing terror inflicted by the Lord’s Resistance Army has devastated communities in four countries in central Africa. Since the 1980s, mass human rights violations such as kidnapping, murder, rape, and child abduction have been part of a systematic attempt by the Lord’s Resistance Army to undermine state actors in the region. This article attempts to highlight the contributions of Intergovernmental Organizations as part of the United Nations work to eradicate the group using both political and military fronts of action. We will be employing Rourke and Bouyer’s concept of collective security and parameters to measure the success of collective action undertaken by state and non-state actors in conflict resolution. We illustrate the proposed utilization of collective security parameters, a method Intergovernmental Organizations use to exert both political and military-based influence towards resolving asymmetrical conflicts, to provide insight into the major research gap in the discourse of conflict resolution. Utilizing empirical data from 2008-2012, this article identifies the political front as the mobilization of mass resources and the reallocation of African Union peacekeepers; meanwhile, the military front is identified as the extension of existing United Nations mandates in the region to include the current issue of the Lord’s Resistance Army in Africa.
Consumer Sentiments: a Missing Link between Personality Traits and Purchase Intention toward Foreign Products - an Empirical Study on Young Vietnamese Consumers
Authors: Pham Thai-Ngoc , Nguyen Nhu-Ty
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of consumer sentiments on purchase intention toward foreign products and to determine which personality traits are responsible for the formation of consumer sentiments. In this study, we employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the research model using data collected from a survey of 400 young Vietnamese consumers in Ho Chi Minh City. The results provide empirical evidence of the positive impact of consumer cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism on consumers’ purchase intention toward foreign products. Furthermore, through this study, we indicated that certain personality traits shape consumer sentiments. Generally speaking, in the context of foreign consumption, there is an enhanced link between personality traits and purchase intention via the mediating role of consumer sentiments. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.
Participation in Co-Curriculum Activities and Students’ Leadership Skills
Authors: Ab Ghani Sayuti , Awang Mohd Mahzan , Ajit Glor , Rani Mohd Amzari Mat
Published: March 2021

The article describes a new understanding of how active participation in co-curriculum activities enhances students’ leadership skills. The social capital theory states that active participation in social activities promotes various qualities of human beings, including leadership skills and networking. The study employed a survey research design involving 237 students aged 16 years from a rural area of Malaysia. A structured questionnaire that had gone through a reliability test and validation process in a pilot study was used. Results revealed moderate involvement of students in outdoor school activities. Results also demonstrated that students’ participation in Uniformed Units is higher if compared to clubs, associations, and sports. Due to the moderate level of student participation in these activities, correlation analyses revealed that it is interrelated with their leadership skills (at a moderate level as well). The results from this study illustrated a significant relationship between active participation and leadership skills; therefore, we propose an interesting module package to encourage students’ involvement in co-curricular programs as a mechanism to promote leadership abilities. An interrelationship between these two variables was confirmed by Pearson correlation analyses, which found that the significance level was less than 0.05, with a relationship strength level (r-value) of 0.723. New research results obtained from this study can be used to improve the current practices in co-curricular management, especially to ensure all activities can attract students’ interest in active involvement.
Kaffir Lime Leaf Extract Utilization as a Natural Preservative for Tomatoes
Authors: Nendissa Sandriana J. , Kembauw Esther , Nendissa Dessyre M.
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine changes in pH, total plate count, and organoleptic properties (specifically color, texture, and aroma) after dyeing tomatoes kaffir lime leaf extract. The study used a quantitative approach; it employed a completely randomized design that was repeated five times using five different kefir lime leaf extract concentrations: 0% (K0; control), 3% (K1), 5% (K2), 7% (K3), and 9% (K4). The texture analysis results for total plate count, pH, and the selected organoleptic properties showed that kaffir lime leaf extract had a significant effect (p ˂ 0.05). The pH ranged from 5.23 to 4.78, and the total plate count ranged from 7.5 x 105 to 8.1 x 104 CFU/g. Moreover, for the selected organoleptic properties, the average color value ranged from 3.12 to 3.83 (liked), the texture ranged from 2.86 to 3.75 (slightly liked), and the aroma ranged from 2.50 to 3.86 (slightly up to). This research proves that kaffir lime leaf extract with a concentration of 9% is an excellent natural preservative for tomatoes.