bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Cluster Intelligent and Complex Optimization Algorithm for Power Equipment CAD-Assisted Intelligent Operation and Maintenance
Authors: Song Yinguan , Zou Yu , Su Yifeng , Wang Ming , Xie Zhenjun , Chen Henglong , Sang Zhongqing
Published: March 2022

By using the data collected by the cluster intelligent and complex optimization of the power system equipment, the cluster intelligent and complex optimization algorithms are introduced into the CAD-aided intelligent operation and maintenance of power system equipment (CAD-IOMPSE). Based on this, the CAD-aided intelligent operation and maintenance graph of power system equipment is used to apply the cluster intelligent complex data contained in the quality inspection of the different types of data obtained to restrict the relationship between different entities for the value of knowledge contained in the collected power data in the operation process and control stage of the power system. According to the types of equipment with problems in the operation of power system, the defects and problems are quickly diagnosed to quickly locate the problems and give solutions. Finally, the results of example analysis show that compared with the traditional naming entity recognition algorithm, BiLSTM-softmax and Seq2Seq-Attention model, the algorithm in this study is better than the traditional algorithm in the three evaluation index values of accuracy, recall, and F1 value.
Seroprevalence of Gestational and Neonatal Toxoplasmosis as well as Risk Factors in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Ayeah Joy Nkain , Oladokun Adesina , Sumbele Irene Ule Ngole , Ilesanmi Abiodun Olatunbosun , Bekindaka Obase Ngemani
Published: March 2022

Background. Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women, is a significant public health problem due to risk of mother to child transmission. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and corresponding cord blood among women attending Biyem-Assi and CASS Nkoldongo hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2019 and May 2020 on 300 pregnant women from late second trimester to third trimester. A total of 259 cord blood samples were collected at birth from these women. Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG and IgM antibodies in maternal and cord blood were detected using the Toxoplasma Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay kit, and potential risk factors captured through questionnaire were identified using binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was measured at

P
<
0.05

. Results. The overall seroprevalence of gestational and neonatal toxoplasmosis was 80% and 88%, respectively. IgG seropositivity was 72.7%, IgM only was 1.3% and cooccurrence of IgG/IgM was 6% amongst pregnant women. Out of 259 newborn cord bloods, 72.2% were positive for IgG only, 8.9% for IgM only, and 23.9% for both IgG/IgM. Pregnant women 15-24 years (

AOR
=
4.6

,

P
=
0.011

) and women with primary level of education (

AOR
=
3.9

,

P
=
0.042

) were significantly at risk of infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Conclusion. Gestational and neonatal toxoplasmosis appears to be more common with higher risk of infection in younger women and less educated women. Hence, these findings will serve as baseline data for further investigations on mother to child transmission of toxoplasmosis in Yaoundé and the need for reinforcement of pregnant women toxoplasmosis-related health measures.
Static and Fatigue Load Bearing Investigation on Porous Structure Titanium Additively Manufactured Anterior Cervical Cages
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Meena Vijay Kumar , Singh Suman
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the static and fatigue behavior of porous and conventional anterior cervical cages. Porous structure titanium anterior cervical cages were manufactured using direct selective laser sintering technique. Four different types of cervical cages were designed and manufactured, among which three designs consist of porous structure (type 1, type 2, and type 3) and manufactured using metal 3D printing. Remaining one design (type 4) was manufactured using conventional machining and did not consist any porous structure. All types of manufactured cages were tested in compression under static and fatigue loading conditions as per ASTM F2077 standard. Static and fatigue subsidence testing was performed using ASTM F2267 standard. Static compression testing results of type 1 and type 4 cages reported higher yield load when compared to the type 2 and type 3 cages. Static subsidence testing results reported almost 11% less subsidence rate for additively manufactured cages than the conventional cages. Fatigue subsidence testing results showed that type 2 and type 3 cages can withstood approximately 21% higher number of cycles before subsidence as compare to the type 1 and type 4 cages. During fatigue testing, all the cages design survived 5 million cycles at the 3000 N loading. For 6000 N and 8000 N, loading rate type 2 and type 3 cages showed lower fatigue life when compared to other cages design. Since fatigue life of type 2 and type 3 cage designs were reported lower than other cages design, it is concluded that the performance of the additively manufactured porous cages can be significantly varied based upon the cage design features.
Blasting Vibration Law and Prediction in the Near-Field of Tunnel
Authors: Wang Meng , Ding Weijie , Zhao Dakai , Liu Dianshu , Wang Lukai , Zhang Tao , Ling Tianlong
Published: March 2022

The stability of surrounding rock near the tunnel face is very important to the safety of constructors and the tunnel itself. The vibration law of surrounding rock obtained from the vibration data in the far-field of tunnel blasting is not suitable for the near-field. Therefore, in order to guarantee the safety of tunnel drilling and blasting, it is important to study the vibration law of surrounding rock near the tunnel face. Taking Zhaitang Tunnel, the New Line Expressway of China National Highway 109, as the engineering background, acceleration sensors were installed in the surrounding rock near the tunnel face to test the blasting vibration acceleration of the surrounding rock at the arch waist of the tunnel, to study the blasting vibration attenuation law near the large section tunnel, to modify traditional blasting vibration formula, and to improve the vibration prediction accuracy. The research will bring some guidance for the construction of similar projects.
Near‐Fault Ground Motion Impacts on High‐Speed Rail Large‐Span Continuous Girder Bridge considering Pile‐Soil Interaction
Authors: Zhou Yefei , Wang Gang , Yang Shuyi , Liu Niu
Published: March 2022

This paper examines and discusses the dynamic response of a high‐speed train‐bridge‐soil‐pile foundation system to near‐fault earthquakes. A 72 + 120 + 72 m continuous girder bridge of a high‐speed railroad was selected as the model for calculation. Based on the p‐y model for simulating pile‐soil interaction, the moment‐curvature analysis program XTRACT is used to calculate the moment and curvature of bridge piers and pile foundation sections, and the finite element (FE) software is used to establish two nonlinear global bridge models under seismic effects in the high‐intensity zone, one considering pile‐soil interaction and one without considering pile‐soil interaction. The Ap/Vp parameter, the ratio of peak acceleration to peak velocity of transverse ground shaking, is used to reflect the impulse characteristics of earthquakes and the effect of the Ap/Vp parameter on the dynamic response of bridges to earthquakes was studied. The elastic‐plastic response of the bridge system was calculated under lateral and vertical near‐fault (NF) impulse/NF nonimpulse/far‐field (FF) ground motions (GMs). The study shows that the structural displacement increases, and the internal force decreases after considering the pile‐soil interaction. The results show that the bridge piers enter the elastoplastic phase under rare earthquakes. The NF ground shaking couples with the bridge into the elastoplastic phase with a more significant impulse period than the FF ground shaking intensifies the dynamic response of the bridge structure.
The Role of Aeromonas-Goblet Cell Interactions in Melatonin-Mediated Improvements in Sleep Deprivation-Induced Colitis
Authors: Gao Ting , Wang Zixu , Cao Jing , Dong Yulan , Chen Yaoxing
Published: March 2022

Background. Our previous studies demonstrated that melatonin could effectively ameliorate sleep deprivation- (SD-) caused oxidative stress-mediated gut microbiota disorder and colitis. The research further clarified the mechanism of melatonin in improving colitis from the perspective of the interaction between Aeromonas and goblet cells. Methods. A seventy-two hours SD mouse model with or without melatonin intervention and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to explore the vital position of Aeromonas-goblet cell interactions in melatonin improving SD-induced colitis. Moreover, Aeromonas or LPS-supplied mice were assessed, and the influence of melatonin on Aeromonas-goblet cell interactions-mediated oxidative stress caused colitis. Furthermore, in vitro experiment investigated the regulation mechanism of melatonin.Results. Our study showed that SD induced colitis, with upregulation of Aeromonas and LPS levels and reductions in goblet cells number and MUC2 protein. Similarly, FMT from SD mice, Aeromonas veronii colonization, and LPS treatment restored the SD-like goblet cells number and MUC2 protein decrease and colitis. Moreover, LPS treatment downregulated the colonic antioxidant capacity. Yet, melatonin intervention reversed all consequence in SD, A.veronii colonization, and LPS-treated mice. In vitro, melatonin reversed A. veronii- or LPS-induced MUC2 depletion in mucus-secreting human HT-29 cells via increasing the expression level of Villin, Tff3, p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) and decreasing the level of p-IκB, p-P65, ROS, TLR4, and MyD88 proteins, while the improvement effect was blocked with pretreatment with a MT2 antagonist but were mimicked by TLR4 and GSK-3β antagonists and ROS scavengers. Conclusions. Our results demonstrated that melatonin-mediated MT2 inhibits Aeromonas-goblet cell interactions to restore the level of MUC2 production via LPS/TLR4/MyD88/GSK-3β/ROS/NF-κB loop, further improving colitis in SD mice.
A Review of the Research on Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling for the Frozen Soil
Authors: Teng Yun Chao , Teng Zhen Chao , Liu Yu , Liu Xiao Yan , Zhou Ya Dong , Liu Jia Lin , Li Bo
Published: March 2022

This paper reviews the history of the research development on the coupling mechanism of the multiphysical field, e.g., thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM), for frozen soil. The objective is to deepen the current understanding of the theories and mechanism of multiphysical field coupling in the frozen soil and the dynamic changes in the temperature, moisture, and stress fields during soil freezing. A new differential equation of the coupling of temperature field and moisture field is proposed. Based on the DiscreteFrechetDist algorithm, a fitting method of evaluating a curve is proposed. The paper is expected to help understand the soil freezing process in cold regions and enhance the innovativeness of the research methodologies dealing with multifield coupling for the frozen soil.
Correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Type 2 Myocardial Infarction in Critically Ill Patients with Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Ma Sheng-Li , Hu Shan-You , Li Wu-Lin , You Da-Li , Jiang Ting-Ting , Wang Li , Wang Fei , Wu Xiao
Published: March 2022

Background. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation under the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) framework has been shown to be helpful in patients with coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that syndrome types could predict the risk of type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) caused by imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand in critically ill patients with pulmonary disease. Methods. This retrospective study included consecutive critically ill patients with pulmonary disease admitted to the ICU at Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences from January 1, 2017, to July 1, 2019. Diagnosis of T2MI was based on the fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. Risk factors associated with T2MI were identified using multivariate regression analysis. Results. A total of 244 patients were included in the study: 78 who developed T2MI and the remaining 166 who did not develop T2MI during hospitalization. The incidence of phlegm syndrome and deficiency syndrome was 61.9% and 38.1%, respectively. In comparison with the patients with phlegm syndrome, the incidence of T2MI in patients with deficiency syndrome is significantly higher (40.9% vs. 26.5%,

P
=
0.019

). In multivariate logistic regression, T2MI was independently associated with the baseline troponin level (OR 12.682, 95% CI 1.397∼115.121;

P
=
0.024

), hemoglobin < 55 g/L (OR 12.76, 95% CI 2.359∼69.021;

P
=
0.003

), mechanical ventilation (OR 2.244, 95% CI 1.029∼4.892;

P
=
0.042

), and TCM deficiency syndrome (OR 2.214, 95% CI 1.032∼4.749;

P
=
0.041

). After adjusting for confounding factors in Cox regression models, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of qi deficiency syndrome groups was 1.183 (95% CI 1.053∼3.123,

P
=
0.032

). Conclusions. Patients with deficiency syndrome are at high risk of T2MI, especially those combined with qi deficiency syndrome.
Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Novel Phytocompounds: A Heuristic Approach to Treating Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Julius Angeline , Renuka Remya Rajan , Hopper Waheeta , Babu Raghu P. , Rajendran Sharmila , Srinivasan Senthilkumari , Dharmalingam Kuppamuthu , Alanazi Amer M. , Arokiyaraj Selvaraj , Prasath S.
Published: March 2022

Aldose reductase (ALR2) activation in the polyol pathway has been implicated as the primary mechanism for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Most of the aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), used for the treatment of diabetic complications, were withdrawn due to ineffective treatment and adverse side effects caused by nonspecificity. Epalrestat, a carboxylic acid inhibitor, is the only ARI used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, though associated with minor side effects to 8% of the treated population. Our study exploited the interactions of Epalrestat-ALR2 crystal structure for the identification of specific phytocompounds that could inhibit human lens ALR2. 3D structures of plant compounds possessing antidiabetic property were retrieved from PubChem database for inhibition analysis, against human lens ALR2. Among the shortlisted compounds, Agnuside and Eupalitin-3-O-galactoside inhibited lens ALR2 with IC50 values of 22.4 nM and 27.3 nM, respectively, compared to the drug Epalrestat (98 nM), indicating high potency of these compounds as ALR2 inhibitors. IC50 concentration of the identified ARIs was validated in vitro using ARPE-19 cells. The in silico and in vitro approaches employed to identify and validate specific and potent ALR2 inhibitors resulted in the identification of phytocompounds with potency equal to or better than the ALR2 inhibiting drug, Epalrestat.
Olanzapine 5 mg for Nausea and Vomiting in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Receiving Cisplatin-Based Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Tao , Lin Li-E , Lin Qin , Wu San-Gang
Published: March 2022

Purpose. To explore the efficacy and safety of adding olanzapine (5 mg or 10 mg) to 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists (5-HT3 RA), neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1 RA), and dexamethasone for nausea and vomiting in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receiving cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods. Patients receiving olanzapine 5 mg or 10 mg combined with 5-HT3 RA, NK1 RA, and dexamethasone during the cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy were included. The primary endpoint was the complete response (CR) (no vomiting) rate, and the secondary endpoint was the incidence of no nausea. Results. A total of 150 chemotherapy cycles were administrated for 88 patients (75 in the olanzapine 5 mg group and 75 in the olanzapine 10 mg group). The proportions of CR in the olanzapine 5 mg group were comparable to those in the olanzapine 10 mg group in acute (93.3% vs. 94.7%,

P
=
0.731

), delayed (76% vs. 78.7%,

P
=
0.697

), and overall phase (73.3% vs. 77.3%,

P
=
0.570

). Moreover, no nausea rates were also comparable between the two groups in acute (76% vs. 78.7%,

P
=
0.697

), delayed (54.7% vs. 60%,

P
=
0.509

), and overall period (50.7% vs. 57.3%,

P
=
0.111

). Regarding the adverse effects, the incidence of somnolence in the 10 mg group (58.6%) was significantly higher than that in the 5 mg group (41.3%) (

P
=
0.034

), while constipation (20.0% vs. 24.0%,

P
=
0.554

) and hiccups (9.3% vs. 10.6%,

P
=
0.785

) rates were comparable in two groups. Conclusions. Patients receiving olanzapine plus standard antiemetic therapy has excellent antiemetic effect in NPC patients receiving cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and patients with olanzapine 5 mg have a similar antiemetic effect and lower adverse effects compared with those with olanzapine 10 mg.
Adoptive Transfer of Anti-Nucleolin T Cells Combined with PD-L1 Inhibition against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Thongchot Suyanee , Jirapongwattana Niphat , Luangwattananun Piriya , Chiraphapphaiboon Wannasiri , Chuangchot Nisa , Sa-nguanraksa Doonyapat , O-Charoenrat Pornchai , Thuwajit Peti , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai , Thuwajit Chanitra
Published: March 2022

Dendritic cell (DC)–based T-cell activation is an alternative immunotherapy in breast cancer. The anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) can enhance T-cell function. Nucleolin (NCL) is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The regulation of PD-L1 expression through autophagy and the anti–PD-L1 peptide to help sensitize T cells for NCL-positive TNBC cell killing has not been evaluated. Results showed the worst clinical outcome in patients with high NCL and PD-L1. Self-differentiated myeloid-derived antigen-presenting cells reactive against tumors presenting NCL or SmartDCs-NCL producing GM-CSF and IL-4, could activate NCL-specific T cells. SmartDCs-NCL plus recombinant human ribosomal protein substrate 3 (RPS3) successfully induced maturation and activation of DCs characterized by the reduction of CD14 and the induction of CD11c, CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR. Interestingly, SmartDCs-NCL plus RPS3 in combination with anti–PD-L1 peptide revealed significant killing activity of the effector NCL-specific T cells against NCLHigh/PD-L1High MDA-MB-231 and NCLHigh/PD-L1High HCC70 TNBC cells at the effector: a target ratio of 5:1 in 2-D and 10:1 in the 3-D culture system; and increments of IFNγ by the ELISpot assay. No killing effect was revealed in MCF-10A normal mammary cells. Mechanistically, NCL-specific T-cell–mediated TNBC cell killing was through both apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Induction of autophagy by curcumin, an autophagic stimulator, inhibited the expression of PD-L1 and enhanced cytolytic activity of NCL-specific T cells. These findings provide the potential clinical approaches targeting NCLHigh/PD-L1High TNBC cells with NCL-specific T cells in combination with a PD-L1 inhibitor or autophagic stimulator.
Anaemia Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Fractures, a Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tari Edina , Vörhendi Nóra , Kiss Szabolcs , Teutsch Brigitta , Váradi Alex , Sisák Krisztián , Alizadeh Hussain , Hegyi Péter , Erőss Bálint
Published: March 2022

Background: Anaemia and osteoporotic fractures are both major health problems among older adults worldwide. Objectives: Previous studies suggest that anaemia may be associated with elevated fracture risk among older adults; however, the exact relationship between them is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between anaemia and fracture risk. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in four medical databases. We included articles that were published from inception to February 18, 2021. Odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and original raw incidences from studies comparing fracture rates in anaemic versus non-anaemic patients were extracted and pooled with the random-effects model. I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Quality of Prognostic Studies tool. PROSPERO: CRD42021241109. Results: A total of 13 studies were identified; 8 of them were included in the quantitative synthesis. Anaemia was found to be a risk factor for fracture compared to non-anaemia. Anaemia increased hip fracture risk in both older men (HR = 1.71; CI: 1.46–2.00, p< 0.001, I2 = 83.2%) and women (HR = 1.31; CI: 1.13–1.52, p< 0.001), but the fracture risk was more increased among men. There was also an increased chance of hip fracture in the presence of anaemia in populations, including both older men and women (OR = 1.64; CI: 1.35–2.01, p< 0.001, I2 = 61.1%). Anaemia was also associated with increased vertebral (HR = 1.21; CI: 1.04–1.40, p = 0.012) and all-type (HR = 1.49; CI: 1.19–1.86, p< 0.001) fracture risk in older men. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there is a significant relationship between anaemia and fracture risk in older adults. This association is stronger among older men than women and differs in the different types of fractures.
Atraumatic Splenic Rupture due to Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia Treated with Partial Splenic Artery Embolization
Authors: Nie Yunan , Kent Andrew , Do Minh , Amaya Maria , Klein Catherine , Thienelt Christiane
Published: March 2022

Splenic rupture can be categorized into two groups: traumatic and atraumatic. Traumatic rupture is frequently associated with blunt abdominal trauma, while atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR) is more uncommon and has been associated with both benign and malignant hematological disorders. In general, most cases of splenic rupture are managed with splenectomy, which carries significant mortality and morbidity; more recently, splenic artery embolization (SAE) has become a mainstay of management particularly after traumatic rupture. We describe a patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) who presented to the emergency department for acute abdominal pain and was found to have an ASR. He underwent partial SAE, with postoperative complications of leukocytosis and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) requiring rasburicase and allopurinol. On follow-up in clinic 2 months post-discharge, the patient was doing well on hydroxyurea, without need for further intervention at that time. In patients with hematologic malignancies presenting with abdominal pain and splenomegaly, it is important to consider ASR as a rare, but possible complication. To our knowledge, this is the only reported patient treated with SAE in the context of ASR from CMML, demonstrating that SAE can be an effective nonoperative strategy for treatment of CMML-associated ASR. This case report also highlights postoperative complications and management in this patient population, specifically a profound leukocytosis and TLS, for which close monitoring should be performed.
Unusual Periaortic Mediastinal Recurrence of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: When Making Diagnosis Is Really Necessary
Authors: Caterino Umberto , Amore Dario , Cesaro Cristiano , Zamparelli Enzo , Cesaro Flavio , Palma Alba , Cicalese Marcellino , Casazza Dino , Lucci Raffaella , Cancellieri Alessandra
Published: March 2022

We report an unusual mediastinal recurrence along descending thoracic aorta during oncologic follow-up in a 47-year-old female smoker issued by lung adenocarcinoma with a history of left lower lobectomy and lingulectomy en bloc followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III A-N2. Regional recurrence occurring along the staple line was suspected and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) combined to PET/CT allowed to reach definitive tissue diagnosis. High focal hypermetabolic activity on PET/CT at the site of suspect recurrence was necessary to check the lesion sampling by EBUS-TBNA.
Successful Treatment of Nail Lichen Planus with a Lacquer Containing Urea, Keratinase, and a Retinoid Molecule: Report of 10 Cases
Authors: Milani Massimo , Adamo Liboria
Published: March 2022

Lichen planus is chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. Involvement of nails (nail lichen planus: NLP) could be the only manifestation or it could be associated with the other typical skin and mucous localizations. Typical NLP alterations are linear nail bed dyschromia, longitudinal ridging, splitting, onycholysis, and subungual hyperkeratosis. Pterygium could be observed in advanced stages. Treatment of NLP is challenging. Limited clinical data have suggested that both oral and topical retinoids could be beneficial. Recently, a nail lacquer containing urea (20%), keratinase from Bacillus licheniformis, and hydroxipinacolone retinoate (U-KR lacquer) has been available. This product has shown good efficacy in the treatment of onychodystrophy characterized by onychogryphosis. We have evaluated, in a case series pilot study, the efficacy of this lacquer in subjects with moderate NLP. The product was applied once daily on the affected nails. Ten subjects (6 men and 4 women, mean age 38 years) after their written informed consent, with clinical NLP (2 subjects with histological confirmation) affecting foot or hand nails (mean number of nails involved: 4; range from 1 to 10), were treated for 12 consecutive weeks with U-KR, one application per day. The main endpoint was the evolution of a NLP severity score (NLPSS) evaluating 7 nail signs: grade of onycholysis, longitudinal ridging, splitting, grade of subungual hyperkeratosis, nail bed thickening, dyschromia, and nail pitting. For each item, a 4-grade score (from 0: no sign to 3: severe) was used (range of NLPSS from 0 to 21). At baseline, the NLPSS was 20.8 ± 3. After 12 weeks, the NLPSS showed a significant reduction to 4 ± 8.8, representing an 81% reduction in comparison with baseline value (p = 0.0001), with an absolute difference between means of −16.86 ± 2,586 (95% CI of the difference: from −22.49 to −11.22) The product was very well tolerated. This 10-case pilot study suggests that a nail lacquer with 3 components (urea, keratinase, and a retinoid molecule) could be useful in subjects with NLP. Future controlled trials are warranted to better define the therapeutic potential of this product in NLP treatment.
Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency in a Patient with Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Nivolumab
Authors: Omata Wataru , Nakamura Satoko , Urasaki Chie , Morita Hiromichi , Funaishi Hiroki , Kobayashi Kazuki , Koide Hisashi , Tsutsumida Arata , Matsue Hiroyuki
Published: March 2022

We report a case of secondary adrenal insufficiency due to nivolumab. An 83-year-old man with acral lentiginous types of melanoma on the right sole visited our department in March 2017. He received primary surgery at referred hospital in June 2017, and pathological stage was IIIC (pT3bN3M0) according to AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) 7th edition criteria. During the follow-up period, a lot of in-transit metastases appeared on the right leg. While we were resecting in-transit metastases, we concurrently started nivolumab in September 2018. After 17 cycles of nivolumab treatment, he developed severe nausea and anorexia. At baseline, his cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were both at normal range, but corticotropin-releasing hormone loading test revealed secondary adrenal insufficiency. We diagnosed isolated adrenal insufficiency due to nivolumab. Treatment by hydrocortisone immediately relieved nausea and anorexia, and we could have continued treatment of nivolumab.
Conceptualising Autistic Masking, Camouflaging, and Neurotypical Privilege: Towards a Minority Group Model of Neurodiversity
Authors: Radulski Elizabeth M.
Published: March 2022

Autistic masking and camouflaging – concealing Autistic traits and “passing” as non-Autistic – are linked to negative developmental consequences including stress, mental illness, identity loss, and suicidality. Recent psychological literature on masking and camouflaging seeks to urgently address these issues – yet overlooks relevant sociological research. This study uses Sara Ahmed and Frantz Fanon’s work on masking, alongside Judith Butler’s concept of performativity, to formulate distinct sociological definitions for Autistic masking and camouflaging. I offer a qualitative critical discourse analysis of 2018’s #TakeTheMaskOff neurodiversity activism campaign, alongside psychology masking/camouflaging literature, to question the social drivers of masking and camouflaging. Autism is widely understood as an “invisible” disability. However, I found that the necessity of masking and camouflaging to avoid discrimination renders Autistic people a “visible Neurominority group.” Proposing a new Minority Group Model of Neurodiversity, I argue that Neurotypical hegemony, invisibility, and majority group privilege are key social drivers of masking and camouflaging.
Stroke Burden and Stroke Services in Indonesia
Authors: Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Yudiarto Fenny L. , Tugasworo Dodik
Published: March 2022

Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in Indonesia. Stroke requires high-quality, fast, and precise management to prevent and avoid disability and death. Stroke can be prevented by adequately controlling the risk factors and encouraging healthy lifestyles. Efforts are needed to organize health promotion programs at the community level. More and a better distribution of neurologists and neurointerventionalists is needed. All hospitals should have a CT scan machine and stroke units. Telemedicine for stroke patients is a very promising endeavor for an integrated acute stroke management system.
Improving Anxiety Screening in Patients with Turner Syndrome
Authors: Alexandrou Eirene , Corathers Sarah , Gutmark-Little Iris , Casnellie Lori , Gerstle Melissa , Tatum Jonathan , Khoury Jane , Backeljauw Philippe
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Turner syndrome (TS) results from a complete or partial loss of the X chromosome and affects 25–50 per 100,000 females. These individuals have characteristic neurocognitive and psychological profiles with an increased lifetime prevalence of mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Consensus guidelines recommend the use of psychometrically robust tools to screen for these conditions [Eur J Endocrinol. 2017;177(3):G1–G70 and Gynecol Endocrinol. 2004;19(6):313–9]. We propose a sustainable and informative approach to routine anxiety screening in individuals with TS and describe the prevalence of anxiety, genotype-phenotype associations, and impact of comorbidities on anxiety. Methods: We pilot the use of a self-administered version of the validated Pediatric, Parent Proxy, and Adult Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Anxiety tool during routine visits to the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) TS clinic from October 2019 to March 2020. Results: Ninety-two eligible TS females, ages 8–62 years, received the PROMIS® Anxiety measure. Elevated anxiety scores, ≥1 standard deviation above the T-score mean, were present in 65% of patients (38% mild, 19% moderate, and 8% severe). Results were discussed during the clinic visit, and referral for further evaluation and treatment was offered. There was no apparent genotype-phenotype association among females with anxiety; however, there appeared to be elevated anxiety symptoms (T-score >60) in those with hearing deficits and also in individuals with three or more medical comorbidities. Of the 55% of patients who filled out the acceptability survey, 88% found the process helpful and ∼50% felt that screening should be performed at least every 6 months. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms within a cohort of 92 females with TS. In alignment with current guidelines, these findings indicate the importance of routine neuropsychological assessments for timely recognition and subsequent management of anxiety, especially as milder presentations may otherwise go unnoticed. We have shown that screening tools, such as the PROMIS® Anxiety measure, can be easily utilized by nonmental health care providers (i.e., endocrinologists) who may see TS patients more frequently and be able to initiate impactful discussions surrounding mental health and further referral to subspecialists for expert management.
The Identity of the Main Character in Youth Novel "Yildiz heißt Stern" by Isolde Heyne
Authors: Hapitta Okky Dwi , Titaley Audrey Gabriella
Published: March 2022

Life in another country with a different culture can lead to anxious lives, as the Turkish main characters experience in Isolde Heyne's youth novel “Yildiz heißt Stern”. That is what this study is about, and it aims to portray the personal development of the two main characters. For this reason, theories related to identity theory, cultural studies and narratology have been applied. The results of the analysis confirm that the main characters can adapt well within a known radius. Only after the main characters have overcome difficulties in life due to their identity and accepted them do they learn to deal with German culture. At the same time, they can also be influenced personally and culturally by it.
Understanding the Importance of the Lay Responder Experience in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Dainty Katie N. , Colquitt Brianna , Bhanji Farhan , Hunt Elizabeth A. , Jefkins Tiffany , Leary Marion , Ornato Joseph P. , Swor Robert A. , Panchal Ashish ,   on behalf of the Science Subcommittee of the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee
Published: March 2022

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is critical to increasing survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, the percentage of cases in which an individual receives bystander CPR is actually low, at only 35% to 40% globally. Preparing lay responders to recognize the signs of sudden cardiac arrest, call 9-1-1, and perform CPR in public and private locations is crucial to increasing survival from this public health problem. The objective of this scientific statement is to summarize the most recent published evidence about the lay responder experience of training, responding, and dealing with the residual impact of witnessing an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The scientific statement focuses on the experience-based literature of actual responders, which includes barriers to responding, experiences of doing CPR, use of an automated external defibrillator, the impact of dispatcher-assisted CPR, and the potential for postevent psychological sequelae. The large body of qualitative and observational studies identifies several gaps in crucial knowledge that, if targeted, could increase the likelihood that those who are trained in CPR will act. We suggest using the experience of actual responders to inform more contextualized training, including the implications of performing CPR on a family member, dispelling myths about harm, training and litigation, and recognition of the potential for psychologic sequelae after the event.
Pericardial Involvement in Patients Hospitalized With COVID‐19: Prevalence, Associates, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Ghantous Eihab , Szekely Yishay , Lichter Yael , Levi Erez , Taieb Philippe , Banai Ariel , Sapir Orly , Granot Yoav , Lupu Lior , Hochstadt Aviram , Merdler Ilan , Borohovitz Ariel , Sadon Sapir , Ingbir Merav , Laufer‐Perl Michal , Banai Shmuel , Topilsky Yan
Published: March 2022

Background

The scope of pericardial involvement in COVID‐19 infection is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, associates, and clinical impact of pericardial involvement in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients with COVID‐19 underwent clinical and echocardiographic examination, irrespective of clinical indication, within 48 hours as part of a prospective predefined protocol. Protocol included clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of pericarditis, calculation of modified early warning score, ECG and echocardiographic assessment for pericardial effusion, left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function, and hemodynamics. We identified predictors of mortality and assessed the adjunctive value of pericardial effusion on top of clinical and echocardiographic parameters. The study included 530 patients. Pericardial effusion was found in 75 (14%), but only 17 patients (3.2%) fulfilled the criteria for acute pericarditis. Pericardial effusion was independently associated with modified early warning score, brain natriuretic peptide, and right ventricular function. It was associated with excess mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.44;
P
=0.0005) in nonadjusted analysis. In multivariate analysis adjusted for modified early warning score and echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters, it was marginally associated with mortality (HR, 1.86;
P
=0.06) and improvement in the model fit (
P
=0.07). Combined assessment for pericardial effusion with modified early warning score, left ventricular ejection fraction, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was an independent predictor of outcome (HR, 1.86;
P
=0.02) and improved model fit (
P
=0.02).

Conclusions

In hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, pericardial effusion is prevalent, but rarely attributable to acute pericarditis. It is associated with myocardial dysfunction and mortality. A limited echocardiographic examination, including left ventricular ejection fraction, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and assessment for pericardial effusion, can contribute to outcome prediction.
Evidence of Motor Skill Learning in Acute Stroke Patients Without Lesions to the Thalamus and Internal Capsule
Authors: Riga Audrey , Gathy Estelle , Ghinet Marisa , De Laet Chloë , Bihin Benoît , Regnier Maxime , Leeuwerck Maria , De Coene Béatrice , Dricot Laurence , Herman Benoît , Edwards Martin G. , Vandermeeren Yves
Published: March 2022

Background:

It is currently unknown whether motor skill learning (MSkL) with the paretic upper limb is possible during the acute phase after stroke and whether lesion localization impacts MSkL. Here, we investigated MSkL in acute (1–7 days post) stroke patients compared with healthy individuals (HIs) and in relation to voxel-based lesion symptom mapping.

Methods:

Twenty patients with acute stroke and 35 HIs were trained over 3 consecutive days on a neurorehabilitation robot measuring speed, accuracy, and movement smoothness variables. Patients used their paretic upper limb and HI used their nondominant upper limb on an MSkL task involving a speed/accuracy trade-off. Generalization was evaluated on day 3. All patients underwent a 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging used for VSLM.

Results:

Most patients achieved MSkL demonstrated by day-to-day retention and generalization of the newly learned skill on day 3. When comparing raw speed/accuracy trade-off values, HI achieved larger MSkL than patients. However, relative speed/accuracy trade-off values showed no significant differences in MSkL between patients and HI on day 3. In patients, MSkL progression correlated with acute motor and cognitive impairments. The voxel-based lesion symptom mapping showed that acute vascular damage to the thalamus or the posterior limb of the internal capsule reduced MSkL.

Conclusions:

Despite worse motor performance for acute stroke patients compared with HI, most patients were able to achieve MSkL with their paretic upper limb. Damage to the thalamus and posterior limb of the internal capsule, however, reduced MSkL. These data show that MSkL could be implemented into neurorehabilitation during the acute phase of stroke, particularly for patients without lesions to the thalamus and posterior limb of the internal capsule.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01519843.
Predicting Document Coverage for Relation Extraction
Authors: Singhania Sneha , Razniewski Simon , Weikum Gerhard
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a new task of predicting the coverage of a text document for relation extraction (RE): Does the document contain many relational tuples for a given entity? Coverage predictions are useful in selecting the best documents for knowledge base construction with large input corpora. To study this problem, we present a dataset of 31,366 diverse documents for 520 entities. We analyze the correlation of document coverage with features like length, entity mention frequency, Alexa rank, language complexity, and information retrieval scores. Each of these features has only moderate predictive power. We employ methods combining features with statistical models like TF-IDF and language models like BERT. The model combining features and BERT, HERB, achieves an F1 score of up to 46%. We demonstrate the utility of coverage predictions on two use cases: KB construction and claim refutation.
ABNIRML: Analyzing the Behavior of Neural IR Models
Authors: MacAvaney Sean , Feldman Sergey , Goharian Nazli , Downey Doug , Cohan Arman
Published: March 2022

Pretrained contextualized language models such as BERT and T5 have established a new state-of-the-art for ad-hoc search. However, it is not yet well understood why these methods are so effective, what makes some variants more effective than others, and what pitfalls they may have. We present a new comprehensive framework for Analyzing the Behavior of Neural IR ModeLs (ABNIRML), which includes new types of diagnostic probes that allow us to test several characteristics—such as writing styles, factuality, sensitivity to paraphrasing and word order—that are not addressed by previous techniques. To demonstrate the value of the framework, we conduct an extensive empirical study that yields insights into the factors that contribute to the neural model’s gains, and identify potential unintended biases the models exhibit. Some of our results confirm conventional wisdom, for example, that recent neural ranking models rely less on exact term overlap with the query, and instead leverage richer linguistic information, evidenced by their higher sensitivity to word and sentence order. Other results are more surprising, such as that some models (e.g., T5 and ColBERT) are biased towards factually correct (rather than simply relevant) texts. Further, some characteristics vary even for the same base language model, and other characteristics can appear due to random variations during model training.1
Three new Oligaphorura species (Collembola: Onychiuridae) of the marcuzzii-group from the Caucasus
Authors: SHVEENKOVA YULIA B. , BABENKO ANATOLY B.
Published: March 2022

Three new species of the genus Oligaphorura, namely O. montivaga sp. nov., O. tatianae sp. nov., and O. igori sp. nov., are described based on materials from different parts of the Caucasus. All of them belong to the marcuzzii-group of the genus because of the presence of 4+4 pso at the antennal base and the absence of anal spines. They seem to be especially similar to O. kremenitsai Shvejonkova & Potapov and O. humicola Shvejonkova & Potapov, two congeners with the same uncommon type of the labium (ABD), but are distinguished by the number of dorsal pseudocelli (42/144/33354 in O. kremenitsai, 42/133/33354 in O. humicola, 43/144/44354 in O. montivaga sp. nov., 43/133/44(5)364 in O. tatianae sp. nov. and 43/133/44354 in O. igori sp. nov.). Apart from this, all new species have the schoetti-type furcal area and more distal setae on the tibiotarsi (11 in O. montivaga sp. nov. and O. tatianae sp. nov. and 9 in O. igori sp. nov.) whereas both O. kremenitsai and O. humicola show the humicola-type furcal area and only 6 distal setae on the tibiotarsi. A table with the main diagnostic features of Oligaphorura species of the marcuzzii-group is also given.
Impacts of Assimilating Future Clear-Air Radial Velocity Observations from Phased Array Radar on Convection Initiation Forecasts: An Observing System Simulation Experiment Study
Authors: Huang Yongjie , Wang Xuguang , Mahre Andrew , Yu Tian-You , Bodine David
Published: March 2022

Phased-array radar (PAR) technology can potentially provide high-quality clear-air radial velocity observations at a high spatiotemporal resolution, usually ∼1 min or less. These observations are hypothesized to partially fill the gaps in current operational observing systems with relatively coarse-resolution surface mesonet observations and the lack of high-resolution upper-air observations especially in planetary boundary layer. In this study, observing system simulation experiments are conducted to investigate the potential value of assimilating PAR observations of clear-air radial velocity to improve the forecast of convection initiation (CI) along small-scale boundary layer convergence zones. Both surface-based and elevated CIs driven by meso-γ-scale boundary layer convergence are tested. An ensemble Kalman filter method is used to assimilate synthetic surface mesonet observations and PAR clear-air radial velocity observations. Results show that assimilating only surface mesonet observations fails to predict either surface-based or elevated CI processes. Assimilating clear-air radial velocity observations in addition to surface mesonet observations can capture both surface-based and elevated CI processes successfully. Such an improvement benefits from the better analyses of boundary layer convergence, resulting from the assimilation of clear-air radial velocity observations. Additional improvement is observed with more frequent assimilation. Assimilating clear-air radial velocity observations only from the one radar results in analysis biases of cross-beam winds and CI location biases, and assimilating additional radial velocity observations from the second radar at an appropriate position can reduce these biases while sacrificing the CI timing. These results suggest the potential of assimilating clear-air radial velocity observations from PAR to improve the forecast of CI processes along boundary layer convergence zones.
Equity-Centered Instructional Adaptations in High-Poverty Schools
Authors: Seeger Chris , Parsons Seth , View Jenice L.
Published: March 2022

This study documented the curricular and pedagogical adaptations of equity-centered teachers in high-poverty secondary schools in the Washington, DC-metro region. The participating teachers provided survey data, audio-recorded interviews, and curricular artifacts to describe adaptations made within unique classroom environments. Thematic analysis of the data suggests that some teachers’ adaptations align with theories such as: thoughtfully adaptive teaching, equity pedagogy, culturally relevant pedagogy, and critical pedagogy. The results contribute real-world examples of equity-centered teaching, and can be used to contextualize discussions about how teachers can create equitable opportunities for students across the content areas.