bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emergence of mono-cluster flocking in the thermomechanical Cucker–Smale model under switching topologies
Authors: Dong Jiu-Gang , Ha Seung-Yeal , Kim Doheon
Published: April 2020

We study the emergent dynamics of the thermomechanical Cucker–Smale (TCS) model with switching network topologies. The TCS model is a generalized CS model with extra internal dynamical variable called “temperature” in which isothermal case exactly coincides with the CS model for flocking. In previous studies, emergent dynamics of the TCS model has been mostly restricted to some static network topologies such as complete graph, connected graph with positive in and out degrees at each node, and digraphs with spanning trees. In this paper, we consider switching network topologies with a spanning tree in a sequence of time-blocks, and present two sufficient frameworks leading to the asymptotic mono-cluster flocking in terms of initial data and system parameters. In the first framework in which the sizes of time-blocks are uniformly bounded by some positive constant, we show that temperature and velocity diameters tend to zero exponentially fast, and spatial diameter is uniformly bounded. In the second framework, we admit a situation in which the sizes of time-blocks may grow mildly by a logarithmic function. In latter framework, our temperature and velocity diameters tend to zero at least algebraically slow.
Embolization of a Superior Thyroid Artery Hemorrhage after Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of a Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Gates Christopher , Newby Maxwell , Stokes William , Boo SoHyun , Carr Michele
Published: April 2020

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a procedure completed thousands of times daily across the world as an efficacious and safe way to evaluate thyroid nodules. Complications of an FNAB typically range from patient intolerance to small intrathyroidal hematomas. In rare situations, an FNA may result in significant bleeding leading to airway compromise or significant blood loss. In this case report, a patient underwent an FNAB and developed an arterial bleed leading to an intrathyroidal hematoma and airway compromise requiring intubation. This case report is unique in that it identifies the source of bleeding, exemplifies the complications of a large intrathyroidal hematoma, and describes subsequent treatment of both the arterial bleed and the hematoma.
ВАРІАЦІЇ ЗМІН ПОКАЗНИКІВ ПОШИРЕНОСТІ ПЕРИІМПЛАНТИТУ ПРОТЯГОМ 2014–2019 РОКІВ: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: Goncharuk-Khomyn M. Yu. , Melnychuk I. D. , Krichfalushiy S. I. , Mits I. R. , Mykhailiuk I. A.
Published: April 2020

Мета: проаналізувати дані щодо поширеності периімплантиту за результатами попередньо проведених досліджень протягом 2014–2019 років та виокремити основні тенденції змін епідеміологічних показників. Матеріали і методи. З метою реалізації поставленої мети дослідження проведено пошук публікацій у базі даних Pubmed Central (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) з використанням функцій розширеного пошуку. У ході пошуку застосовано специфічні Mesh-терміни у різних комбінаціях ключових слів «periimplantitis», «prevalence», «incidence», «epidemiology». Результати. При проведенні ретроспективного аналізу показників поширеності периімплантиту, наведених у попередньо опублікованих дослідженнях за період 2014–2019 років, було встановлено такі тенденції змін епідеміологічних показників: 1) показники поширеності периімплантиту на рівні досліджуваних суб’єктів перевищують показники поширеності периімплантиту на рівні досліджуваних об’єктів у 1,5–2 рази; 2) збільшення параметра тривалості функціонування внутрішньокісткових опор асоційовано із зростанням показника поширеності периімплантиту як на рівні реабілітованих пацієнтів, так і на рівні встановлених імплантатів; 3) при аналізі вибірок із більшою кількістю досліджуваних пацієнтів та імплантатів спостерігали менші показники поширеності периімплан­титу, ніж при аналізі вибірок із кількістю досліджуваних пацієнтів чи імплантатів ≤100 одиниць дослідження. Висновки. Значну варіацію показників поширеності периімплантиту відображено у попередньо опублікованих дослідженнях, вона обумовлена використанням різних діагностичних критеріїв для ідентифікації патології, різним терміном спостереження за результатами імплантації, гетерогенністю досліджуваних вибірок та іншими концептуальними відмінностями у дизайнах проаналізованих досліджень.
The Using of Simulation Modeling to Improve the Efficiency of Garment Production
Authors: Kuzmin P.I. , Mishchenko I.K. , Oshchepkov M.E.
Published: April 2020

The paper describes the process of developing a discrete-event simulation model of sewing production with consideration of its specific features. The model is developed in the AnyLogic software environment and based on the analysis of specific data of one of the oldest enterprises of the Altai territory, now part of the holding «BTK group» — JSC BMC «Melangist Altai». The direct purpose of using simulation modeling in the activities of enterprises of the garment industry is the optimization of labor costs as a factor in reducing overall costs and improving production efficiency. It is the high costs and, accordingly, prices that are the main reason for the inability of domestic light industry products to compete with inexpensive foreign products.

The results of the study are presented in the form of recommendations to enterprises of garment production to optimize the technological scheme of division of labor by operations, redistribution of labor resources, and maximum load of equipment. Modification of the developed model and its subsequent integration with the automated production management systems used at the enterprise will ensure the functioning of the garment factory at a higher level and create additional conditions for the transition to digital production.
Perceived stress and coping strategies among undergraduate dental students – an institutional based study
Authors: Veeraboina Nagarani , Doshi Dolar , Kulkarni Suhas , Patanapu Shiva Kumar , Danatala Satya Narayana , Srilatha Adepu
Published: April 2020

Background

Coping strategies are highly mediated by the environment, in particular when the person deals with the obstacles and impediments to fulfill their goals. This study aimed to investigate the Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Undergraduate Dental Students of Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences Hyderabad, India.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 267 undergraduate dental students. The survey tool comprised of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Brief COPE Scale along with demographic variables. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0.

Results

Based on gender, females had high PSS mean scores (23.8±7.3) than males and to overwhelm these stress levels most of the students followed adaptive coping strategies (40.4±7.8) with no significant difference. But, significant difference noted for maladaptive coping dimension “denial” (p=0.004). On comparison between year of study, higher perceived stress was noted among second year students (26.7± 5.8), and least among first years (21.6±7). In order to defeat the stressors most of the second year undergraduate students used adaptive coping strategies. However, highest mean adaptive coping scores were noted among first years (41.6±7.5) and least scores observed among fourth years (38.6±9.2). However, total PSS score showed significant positive correlation (p<0.001) with maladaptive coping strategies.

Conclusion

Females and second year students perceived more stress levels, to overtake those stressors most of them followed adaptive coping strategies. Hence, institutional authorities should take measures to decrease the stress levels and encourage the students to adopt healthy life style such as meditation and exercise to beat their stressors.
Modelación matemática del efecto de la presión atmosférica sobre la densidad poblacional de los mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) en Villa Clara, Cuba
Authors: Fimia-Duarte Rigoberto , Osés-Rodríguez Ricardo , Alarcón-Elbal Pedro María , Aldaz-Cárdenas Jaime Wilfrido , Roig-Boffill Bárbara , De la Fe-Rodríguez Pedro Yoelvys
Published: April 2020

Introducción. Los mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) son uno de los organismos más versátiles del mundo, pues pueden reproducirse en cualquier depósito de agua, como charcos o tanques. Sin embargo, su reproducción está influenciada por variables atmosféricas que permiten predecir su densidad poblacional.Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de la presión atmosférica en la densidad poblacional de mosquitos en la provincia de Villa Clara, Cuba, mediante el uso de modelos matemáticos basados en la metodología de regresión objetiva regresiva (ROR).Materiales y métodos. El desarrollo del modelo matemático de pronóstico de focos de reproducción se basó en el número de focos reportados en la provincia de Santa Clara entre 2000 y 2017, y en el modelo ROR. Además, se realizó un análisis de regresión mediante el programa IBM SPSS® versión 19.0, lo que permitió obtener modelos de regresión que explicaron el 100% de la varianza, con su error típico.Resultados. Respecto a la cantidad de focos, se observó una tendencia al aumento en el municipio de Cifuentes, mientras que en Ranchuelo y Caibarién la tendencia fue a la reducción. Los municipios de Santa Clara y Encrucijada tuvieron la desviación estándar más alta y más baja, respectivamente (134.32 vs. 5.968), lo que evidencia una gran variabilidad entre los datos de cada municipio.Conclusiones. Existe una estrecha relación entre la presión atmosférica y la densidad poblacional de mosquitos, ya que a medida que aumenta la presión atmosférica, aumentan las densidades larvales, tanto total como específicas.
Innate immune receptors in development of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: Lapshtaeva A. V. , Zhivechkova E. A. , Sychev I. V. , Evsegneeva I. V. , Novikov V. V.
Published: April 2020

According to the World Health Organization, over 10 million new tuberculosis cases are reported annually worldwide. According to the 2017 Federal State Statistics Service Report, incidence rate for active TB infection in the Russian Federation was 109.8 cases per 100,000 population, of which 41.3% accounted for chronic disease form. Regardless of climatic conditions, high prevalence of TB infection, is not only due to high Mycobacterium tuberculosis viability, but also its ability for long persistence in human body and reactivation after an unlimited period of dormancy. The outcome of infection is largely determined by host immunoreactivity and its ability to develop protective immune response. In addition, status of immune system also underlies tuberculosis course after the onset: either as a localized form, or as a form with extensive damage to the lungs and even other organs observed in generalized infection. In recent decades, a great attention was paid to examining mechanisms of adaptive cell immunity played in pathogenesis of TB infection. No doubt, adaptive immunity is a powerful defense system providing a targeted specific immune response, but now it is becoming clear that it represents solely an effector arm of innate immunity. Innate immunity is a phylogenetically more ancient, inherited system largely aimed at ensuring rapid pathogen elimination and preventing development of infection at early stages when adaptive immunity ongoing antigen-specific maturation. Mechanisms of innate immunity mediated by cells, diverse receptors, molecules and their complexes, found on various cells. Activation of innate immunity begins with recognition of conserved molecular groups present in various pathogens called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are sensed by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Here, we review current data on the role of innate receptors in recognizing M. tuberculosis-derived PAMPs, production of immunoregulatory cytokines and activation of signaling pathways playing a crucial role in the regulation of necroptosis, apoptosis and autophagy of infected macrophages. Significance of innate mucosal factors in implementing immune response to M. tuberculosis is discussed. In particular, Toll-like receptors, scavenger-receptors, mannose receptor, DC-SIGN etc. were described to participate in development of M. tuberculosis immunity. The data on single nucleotide polymorphic variants for innate genes are shown, which predispose to developing tuberculosis and affecting its course.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND INDICATORS OF ACQUISITIONS
Authors: GENC Omer , KALKAN Burak
Published: April 2020

Mergers
and Acquisitions (M&As) has been used as a growth strategy not only in
developed markets but also increasingly in emerging markets. Turkey, as one of
the leading emerging markets in the world, has been home to huge number of
M&As. In this empirical study,
we try to shed light on the outcomes of M&As that have occurred in Turkey
between 1990 and 2017. In addition to compare post-acquisition with
pre-acquisition, we use other Turkish companies as benchmark to see the effect
of M&As on Turkish companies. Our findings indicate that acquisitions have
a positive effect on Turkish firms` financial performance. We also find that
Turkish acquirers are more aggressive in terms of growth than non-acquirer
companies are and have higher values on capital expenditures, research and
development and staff expenses. When we compare these acquirers with their
pre-acquisition periods, we also find an increase in these financial
indicators, which who that acquisitions affect Turkish companies significantly.
Customers’ Awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility in Vietnam and Poland: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Doanh Duong Cong , Gadomska-Lila Katarzyna
Published: April 2020

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become one of emerging issues in such countries as Vietnam and Poland and in the rest of the world. This is due to the advantages it brings to socio‑economic sustainable development or the living environment. The focus of this research is to present a comparative analysis of the current understanding, awareness and attitudes of Polish and Vietnamese customers. The study employs quantitative analyses and some tools of descriptive statistics to show that although Vietnamese and Polish customers have a rather positive attitude towards the issues related to CSR, they are still not interested in CSR reports on companies’ reputation and image as well as environmental pollution. Moreover, customers also pay attention to low prices rather than the CSR reputation of companies. By utilising the Mann‑Whitney U Test, this study shows that even though both countries are seen as transitional economies, there are certain differences in attitudes towards and awareness of CSR activities between Vietnamese and Polish customers.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 5 ALGORITHM BASED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) FOR PREDICTION OF GRADUATE TIME GRADUATION
Authors: Noercholis Achmad Noercholis
Published: April 2020

Graduation information is very important for Higher Education involved in education. The data received by students each year is an important part as a source of information for making decisions on the Higher Education side in admitting new students. The results show the PSO-based K-NN Algorithm at k-optimum = 19 has the best performance of the 5 existing algorithms, with an Accuracy value = 74.08% and an Under Curve Area (AUC) value = 0.788. Attributes of Gender, Semester Achievment Index 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7 as well as Employment Status make a real contribution to the right graduation of students. The addition of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) feature always increases the accuracy value, while the highest increase in accuracy value in the Decision Tree (C4.5) Algorithm is 5.21%, the lowest in the Vector Support Engine Algorithm of 1.79%. The K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm corresponds to the third order, it remains the algorithm that has the best value, the highest accuracy value, this is due to the questionable value before discussing the PSO features. For the evaluation phase, the results of the accuracy are much better if using the overall data training (Angaktan 2007-2011), both with the 2011 Force test data or the 2010-2011 Force. Timely graduation of students begins in the class of 2011, with a value of 98.18% (100% resolution), meaning students start graduating on time
Sentiment Analysis of Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia Through Social Media Twitter
Authors: Mahfud Fakhris Khusnu Reza
Published: April 2020

The library is a gate of science and a heart of civilization. Indonesia already has a Perpustakaan Nasional consisted of 27 floors and is equipped with facilities that are adequate for user needs. Apart from that, we need to see opinions from the community as users. Public opinion about the library is critical for library managers to evaluate services and facilities from the library. One way to find out the views of the community is by using social media twitter. Twitter social media is often used in channelling opinions or expressing opinions about specific topics; besides social media, twitter is commonly used for digital campaign movements. Submission of views and even digital campaigns on Twitter social media greatly influence the opinions and even behaviour of society in various ways. This study analyzes tweets about national libraries by classifying, positive opinions, negative opinions and neutral opinions. In this study, twitter data will go through the preprocessing, weighting, and classification stages. TF-IDF and TF binary are used in weighting in this study. The classification used in this study is Naive Bayes and KNN. Accuracy, precision, and recall values were also used in this study to evaluate classification performance. The highest classification performance using KNN classification with TF-IDF weighting resulted in the value of accuracy, precision, and recall of 83.33%, 79.2%, and 83.3% respectively.
Growth, Pigment and Protein Production of Spirulina platensis under different Ca(NO3)2 concentrations
Authors: Fakhri Muhammad , Antika Prive Widya , Ekawati Arning Wilujeng , Arifin Nasrullah Bai
Published: April 2020

Spirulina platensis is a filamentous cyanobacterium that has been commerically used for fish feed and human food supplement. Low-cost production of Spirulina is needed when considering large-scale culture especially for industrial purposes. The aim of this study was to explain the effect of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) on growth, biomass, pigment, and protein production of S. platensis and to determine the best calcium nitrate concentration for Spirulina production.The microalgae was cultured at four calcium nitrate concentrations (1, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/L) with salinity of 15 ppt, constant light intensity of 4,000 lux and photoperiod of 24:0 light:dark cycles for 4 days. The results showed that different calcium nitrate concentrations remarkably affected the growth, biomass production, pigment and protein content of S. platensis (p<0.05). The highest specific growth rate of 0.721 day-1 and biomass concentration of 1.512 g/Lwere achieved at calcium nitrate concentration of 2.5 g/L. Moreover, the algae had the highest chlorophyll-a, carotenoid and protein content at 2.5 g L-1. Increasing calcium nitrate concentration from 1 to 2.5 g/L led to an increase in biomass, pigment and protein production of S. platensis. However, there was no significant difference between 2 and 2.5 g L-1 calcium nitrate concentrations. We suggest that 2-2.5 g/L Ca(NO3)2 concentration can be used profitably for S. platensis production.
Indoor Positioning Using PnP Problem on Mobile Phone Images
Authors: Kubíčková Hana , Jedlička Karel , Fiala Radek , Beran Daniel
Published: April 2020

As people grow a custom to effortless outdoor navigation there is a rising demand for similar possibility indoors as well. Unfortunately, indoor localization, being one of the necessary requirements for navigation, continues to be problem without a clear solution. In this article we are proposing a method for an indoor positioning system using a single image. This is made possible using small preprocessed database of images with known control points as the only preprocessing needed. Using feature detection with SIFT algorithm we can look through the database and find image which is the most similar to the image taken by user. Pair of images is then used to find coordinates of database image using PnP problem. Furthermore, projection and essential matrices are determined allowing for the user image localization ~ determining the position of the user in indoor environment. Benefits of this approach lies in the single image being the only input from user and no requirements for new onsite infrastructure and thus enables a simpler realization for the building management.
Covid-19: Immunological Lessons from Bats, Pangolins and Old Coronaviruses; And How We Can Apply Them in a Timely Way for a Better Outcome
Authors: Dua Devika , Yadav Madhur , Jetley Pranav , Dua Radhika
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis, the number of cases and deaths are on a steep incline. This article reviews the possible immunological mechanisms which underlie the disease pathogenesis by looking at the behaviour of previous coronaviruses not only in humans but also other mammals which possibly act as reservoir hosts. Observations: A key aspect of this coronavirus as well as the previous SARS CoV seems to be the importance of host immune response in the pathology and clinical severity of illness caused by them. A hyperactive innate immune state in combination with an exhausted adaptive immune response are possible determinants of severe illness. Conclusion: There is a possibility that the current SARS CoV 2 has immune evasive tactics similar to SARS CoV in its repertoire, since they share a 76% homology. These might have been learnt behaviour from long periods of persistence in their reservoir hosts and they may be the reason behind the dysregulated immune response evoked in humans. That in turn is highly likely to be one of the factors which govern disease severity. With this in mind we want to bring the medical community’s attention to a ‘hit early, hit hard’ intervention as a possible strategy to modify the course of the disease and bring down the numbers of severe sufferers.
Influence of unevened grains of metal on the mechanical properties of seamless hot – rolled pipes.
Authors: Kovaleva I. A. , Khodosovskaya N. A. , Oborov M. V.
Published: April 2020

Seamless hot – rolled pipes are a popular metal product on the world market. During operation, pipelines are subjected to cyclic loads associated with temperature fluctuations, vibrations near compressor stations, and pressure drops in the transformed medium. One of the ways to ensure high performance properties is to manage the quality of pipe metal, including that laid in the process of metallurgical production. All the basic physical and mechanical properties of metal materials are structurally sensitive and significantly depend on both the grain size and the degree of uniformity of the grain structure, that is, on the different grain sizes. For metallographic research, samples of pipes with the size of 70,0×12,5 mm of S460NH steel were selected with satisfactory (#1) and unsatisfactory (#2) results of the impact. It was found that the inhomogeneous (multi – grained) microstructure in sample #2 was the reason for obtaining unsatisfactory results of the impact. As a result, it was found that one of the most important characteristics that can guarantee stable and satisfactory results of mechanical characteristics, in particular the impact performance, is a homogeneous grain structure.
Development and application of standard enterprise samples in the practice of analytical laboratories
Authors: Kazakova E. A. , Birisen T. S.
Published: April 2020

The article presents the experience of development and application of enterprise standard samples (ESS) of monolithic and dispersed materials for spectral and chemical methods of steel analysis. The procedure for the development of ESS is described in detail: development of technical specifications for ESS in accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.315, preparation of ESS material, study of the uniformity of ESS material, establishment of metrological characteristics of ESS, preparation of a report on the development of ESS, verification of technical documentation for ESS and metrological examination of documentation, approval of ESS and its registration.
Rapid Phenotypic Detection of Gram-negative Bacilli Resistant to Oximinocephalosporins and Carbapenems in Positive Blood Cultures Using a Novel Protocol
Authors: Josa Diego , Bustos Ingrid Gisell , Yusef Soad Amira , Crevoisier Stephanie , Silva-Monsalve Edwin , López-Moreno Natalia , Avendaño Rafael Leal , Molina Isabel Torres , Osorio Juan Pablo , Arias-Leon Gerson , Cortés Fabián , Sánchez Carolina , Reyes Luis Felipe
Published: April 2020

Aim: To test a modified protocol designed to detect Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) resistant to oximinocephalosporins and carbapenems from positive blood cultures. Design: This is a prospective, cohort study of consecutive patients. Setting: A cardiovascular and University referral hospital. Patients: Patients hospitalized in a third level hospital with bacteraemia. Main variables of interest: We developed a modified protocol using HB&L® system to detect MDRP. We then attempted to determine accuracy, concordance and reduction of identification time of this novel method in a reference hospital. Descriptive statistics and logistical regressions were used. Results: Ninety-six patients with BSI were included in the study. A total of 161 positive blood cultures were analysed. Escherichia coli (50%, 81/161) was the most frequently identified pathogen followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%, 24/161) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%, 13/161). Thirty-two percent of isolations had usual resistance patters. However, in 34/161 (21%) of identified pathogens were producer of carbapenemasases and 21/161 (13%) of extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Concordance among our HB&L®modified protocol and traditional method was 99% (159/161). Finally, identification times were significantly shorter using our HB&L® modified protocol than traditional methods (Median [IQR]; 19 hours [18, 22] Vs 61 hours [60, 64], p<0.001). Conclusions: Here we provided novel evidence that using our HB&L® modified protocol is an effective strategy to reduce the time to MDRP detection/identification; with a great concordance rate when compared to the gold standard. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine whether this method may improve clinical outcomes.
Orlistatand and Rosuvastatin Suppressed Proliferation of K562 Human Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Line through AMPK/Akt/c-Myc Signaling
Authors: Mojjarad Behnam , Pazhang Yaghub
Published: April 2020

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative cancer with worldwide incidence, has become as a clinical concern due to chemoresistance in the patients received chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the effect of Orlistat and Rosuvastatin on K562 human myelogenous leukemia cell line in vitro and attempted to illuminate their possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cells were exposed to Orlistat and Rosuvastatin, the inhibitors of lipogenesis, then survival and apoptosis rate of K562 cells were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis respectively. The real time-PCR analysis was used to quantify mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and Hsp-70 genes. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry, whereas the subcellular distribution of c-Myc was measured via immunofluorescence imaging technique. Additionally, the protein level of AMPK, p-AMPK Akt-1, and p-Akt-1 were studied by western blotting. Results: The results showed Orlistat and Rosuvastatin had synergistic anticancer effects on cells and in comparison with the control group, viability and apoptosis rate decreased and increased in treated cells respectively in a dose/time-dependent manner (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of Bax increased while expression of Hsp-70 decreased (P< 0.05). K562 cells treated with Orlistat and Rosuvastatin showed a cell cycle arrest in sub-G1 phase and a decreased level of c-Myc positive cells. Upon outlining the mechanism, it was revealed that AMPK/p-AMPK and p-Akt-1/Akt-1 ratio decreased in treated cells (P< 0.05). Conclusions: Data suggest Orlistat and Rosuvastatin could synergically suppress proliferation of K562 cells through AMPK/Akt/c-Myc axis, proposing a theoretical basis for upcoming application in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia
Time-frequency Dependency of Exchange Rate and Non-performing Loan in Turkey
Authors: Kirikkaleli Dervis , Torun Melike
Published: April 2020

The two-way linkage between non-performing loans (NPL) and the US dollar-Turkish lira exchange rate (USD/TRY) (ER) is explored in Turkey using quarterly data from 1995Q1 to 2017Q4 using wavelet coherence technique. The findings of this study indicate that: (i) significant vulnerability in NPL is detected between 1999 and 2004, while ER significantly fluctuated during the period between 2001 and 2003 and the 2008 global crisis period in the short run; (ii) ER has a strong power to explain NPL at difference frequencies; (iii) NPL and ER were positively correlated in Turkey during the global crisis period.
Phenotypes of Obstructive Lung Diseases in Elderly: A Real-Life Study in a Non-Clinical Setting
Authors: Gaspar-Marques João , Caires Iolanda , Palmeiro Teresa , Pinto Paula Leiria , Chasqueira Maria-Jesus , Paixão Paulo , Botelho Maria-Amalia Amália , Ferreira António Jorge , Annesi-Maesano Isabella , Neuparth Nuno , Carreiro-Martins Pedro
Published: April 2020

Background: This study aimed to characterize the clinical, functional, inflammatory and immunological features of the main obstructive lung diseases (OLD) in elderly. Methods: We included subjects aged ≥ 65 years. In Phase I, participants answered standardized questionnaires, performed spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, an atopy assessment and blood analysis. In Phase II, patients with COPD or asthma criteria and a control group were invited to undergo a more detailed evaluation that included the determination of IL-1-β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α and periostin. In Phase III was assessed the frequency of non-scheduled medical visits due to respiratory exacerbations, hospitalization and mortality. Results: Phase I included 286 participants. The median age was 85.8 (P27-P75: 81.0 - 90.2) years and 69% were females: 27.3% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without asthma (Group 1), 2.8% asthma without COPD (Group 2) and 5.2% presented asthma and COPD traits (Group 3). The remaining participants (64.7%), without asthma or COPD, were classified as Group 4. At this stage, Group 3 was more atopic and presented a lower post-bronchodilator FEV 1 and FEV 1 /FVC. In Phase II, that included 82 participants, Group 3 presented the higher median values of TNF-α (p-value: 0.072) and higher lung volumes (p=0.001). No statistically differences were found for other cytokines among groups. In Phase III, Group 3 patients needed more non-scheduled visits. Conclusions: In our study patients with asthma and COPD traits presented more severe airflow limitation, higher values of TNF-α, higher lung volumes and more non-scheduled medical visits.
Hemostatic Effect of Tranexamic Acid on the Zhuang Nationality Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in the Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Huang YU , Huang Xiao , Li Fulin , Huang Wenwen , Yin Dong
Published: April 2020

Purpose The hemostatic effect of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) is analyzed in total hip total hip arthroplasty (THA) operated on chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in Zhuang nationality. Methods A review of 53 Zhuang nationality patients with CKD who underwent unilateral total hip replacement at the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from December 2012 to December 2019. They were divided into two groups: 28 patients in the TXA group and 25 patients in the non-TXA group. Nine aspects of comparison are operation time, blood loss during operation, postoperative drainage, changes of hemoglobin content before and after operation, prothrombin time before and after operation, recessive blood loss during operation, the number of patients with blood transfusion and that of thrombosis one month after operation. Results Two groups of CKD patients Compared, there was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) in the following aspects, namely, preoperative hemoglobin, preoperative and postoperative prothrombin time, preoperative and postoperative creatinine, preoperative and postoperative blood urea nitroge, while in the aspects of immediate postoperative hemoglobin, 24-hour postoperative hemoglobin, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage and 24-hour occult blood loss, the number of patients with blood transfusion (4 in TXA group and 10 in non-TXA group), there was statistically significant difference (p< 0.05). Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities was found in both groups of CKD patients after one month. No cases of complications or death were reported in the included patients. Conclusions In the THA, the use of TXA on CKD patients in Zhuang nationality can reduce dominant and recessive blood loss and decrease the incidence of lower extremity deep vein embolism.
Process evaluation of the implementation of a parenting programme for Somali-born parents living in Sweden
Authors: Osman Fatumo , Schön Ulla-Karin , Klingberg-Allvin Marie , Flacking Renée , Tistad Malin
Published: April 2020

Background: Forced migration has been shown to have a negative impact on family dynamics, parenting and the parent-child relationship. Parental support programmes aim to strengthen family functioning, the parent-child relationship and promote the mental health of children and parents. However, there is a lack of knowledge in how parenting support programmes can be implemented for newly arrived immigrant parents. This study therefore aimed to increase knowledge about which strategies could be useful to implement a parenting support programme for immigrant parents from Somalia with special focus on how to reach and retain the target group. Methods: The study was an explorative study with focus on the process initiated by the implementation strategy. Both qualitative and quantitative data were used. Data were collected through focus group discussions, a questionnaire, attendance lists, field and reflection notes, and observations of the sessions. The data were then analysed through inductive and deductive analysis. Results: The findings showed that of the 60 parents who were invited to the parenting programme, 58 participated in the sessions. This process evaluation emphasises the importance of considering contextual factors such as building trust and involving the community when implementing parenting programmes through social services. The implementation strategies employed in the programme facilitated the engagement and retention of the parents in the programme. Group leaders delivered the intervention according to the manual. Parents were satisfied with the programme and reported having confidence in seeking support from social services. Conclusions: This study not only illustrates how a parenting support programme can be implemented for Somali-born parents but also provides guidance on how to engage and attract immigrant parents to participate in parenting support programmes.
Метод определения параметров парного межатомного потенциала
Authors: Магомедов М.Н.
Published: April 2020

Disadvantages of methods known from the literature for determining 4 parameters of the paired interatomic potential of Mie-Lennard-Jones in relation to crystals are indicated. A new method is proposed for determining the parameters of this potential from the thermoelastic properties of the crystal. In this method the parameters are determined by the best coincidence of calculated values with experimental data: 1) of the sublimation energy of the crystal at zero temperature (T = 0 K) and pressure (P = 0); 2) of coefficient of thermal expansion and isothermal elastic modulus, which were measured at P = 0 and T = 300 K; 3) of the dependence of the isotherm T = 300 K state equation from volume of P(300 K, V). The method was tested on iron and gold and showed good results. By this method also were determined the interatomic potential parameters for refractory metals: Nb, Ta, Mo, and W. The results obtained also made it possible to determine more precisely such properties of these metals as the sublimation energy, the Debye temperature, and the surface energy.
Особенности доменной структуры гексаферрита BaFe-=SUB=-12-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-19-=/SUB=- вблизи температуры Кюри
Authors: Безлепкин А.А. , Кунцевич С.П.
Published: April 2020

The structural features of the domain walls of the BaFe12O19 hexaferrite near the Curie temperature TC = 724 K were studied. The studies were performed on single-crystal samples in an alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 73 MHz and 71 MHz with a constant magnetic field in the range 0–0.25 kOe. In BaFe12O19 at a temperature of T1 = 716 K, the magnetic structure of the domain walls changes – the Bloch walls transform into linear walls with increasing temperature. The value ΔТ = Tc – T1≈8 K.
The physical mechanism considered in the work, which determines the difference between the temperature range of the existence of the magnetically ordered state and the temperature range of the existence of the Bloch domain walls, is consistent with experimental results. The estimated calculation of the criterion for the transition of the Bloch domain wall to a linear wall at T1 = 716 K corresponds to the obtained experimental data.
Влияние наноконфайнмента на кинетику фазовых переходов в органическом сегнетоэлектрике DIPAI
Authors: Милинский А.Ю. , Барышников С.В. , Чарная Е.В. , Егорова И.В. , Ускова Н.И.
Published: April 2020

The results of studying the linear and nonlinear dielectric properties of a new organic ferroelectric diisopropylammonium iodide (DIPAI), embedded in porous alumina films, in comparison with bulk DIPAI, are presented. It was found, for DIPAI in pores 300 and 60 nm in diameter the ferroelectric phase is formed in the heating and cooling modes in the temperature interval between two structural phase transitions above room temperature. No noticeable temperature hysteresis was observed for both phase transitions. It was shown that the boundaries of the intermediate polar phase for nanostructured DIPAI shift to low temperatures with decreasing pore size. For bulk DIPAI, two structural transitions were revealed during heating with the formation of an intermediate polar phase and only one transition during cooling, below which ferroelectricity occurred. The temperature of this transition was much lower than the corresponding temperature during heating. It is assumed that the observed differences in phase transitions for DIPAI in pores and bulk DIPAI are associated with acceleration of the phase transitions kinetics under conditions of nanoconfinement.
Development of “Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!”: Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: Chung Alicia , Seixas Azizi , Williams Natasha , Senathirajah Yalini , Robbins Rebecca , Newsome Garcia Valerie , Ravenell Joseph , Jean-Louis Girardin
Published: April 2020

Background

Participation in clinical trials among people of color remains low, compared with white subjects. This protocol describes the development of “Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!” (ACT Now!), a culturally tailored website designed to influence clinical trial decision making among people of color.

Objective

This cluster randomized study aims to test the efficacy of a culturally tailored website to increase literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among people of color.

Methods

ACT Now! is a randomized trial including 2 groups: (1) intervention group (n=50) with access to the culturally tailored website and (2) control group (n=50) exposed to a standard clinical recruitment website. Clinical trial literacy and willingness to enroll in a clinical trial will be measured before and after exposure to the website corresponding to their assigned group (intervention or control). Surveys will be conducted at baseline and during the 1-month postintervention and 3-month follow-up. Website architecture and wireframing will be informed by the literature and experts in the field. Statistical analysis will be conducted using a two-tailed t test, with 80% power, at .05 alpha level, to increase clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials 3 months post intervention.

Results

We will design a culturally tailored website that will provide leverage for community stakeholders to influence clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among racial and ethnic groups. ACT Now! applies a community-based participatory research approach through the use of a community steering committee (CSC). The CSC provides input during the research study conception, development, implementation, and enrollment. CSC relationships help foster trust among communities of color. ACT Now! has the potential to fill a gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website. This study was funded in July 2017 and obtained institutional review board approval in spring 2017. As of December 2019, we had enrolled 100 participants. Data analyses are expected to be completed by June 2020, and expected results are to be published in fall 2020.

Conclusions

ACT Now! has the potential to fill an important gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03243071; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00102401

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/17589
Beyond Governmentality: Building Theory for Weak and Fragile States
Authors: Magrath Priscilla
Published: April 2020

Every discipline has its blind spots. In this discussion piece I suggest that International Development can help Anthropology address one of its blind spots, namely the problem of weak government. Whereas those working in international development encounter the effects of weak government in their daily work, anthropological theory offers limited analytical tools for these contexts. Rather than focusing on development’s many failings, perhaps it is time for Anthropology to adopt a more constructive approach, drawing on the experience of development workers to develop anthropological theory which can speak to the condition of contemporary weak states.
Framing Harm: Legal, Local and Anthropological Knowledge in the Context of Forced Migration
Authors: Morreira Shannon
Published: April 2020

The southern African state of Zimbabwe, which borders South Africa, has undergone a decade of severe political and economic instability. Migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa has been extensive, and continues even with the slight improvements that Zimbabwe has seen since 2009. In this paper I use migration from Zimbabwe to South Africa as a case study through which to explore knowledge creation within the field of forced migration and human rights, and within the field of anthropology. What are the similarities and differences between local, legal and anthropological knowledge of rights violations in the context of crisis? How do individual, subjective tales of suffering and violation become, or fail to become, supposedly objective ‘evidence’, and how might legal evidence differ from Zimbabwean moral knowledge of harm? In this paper I consider the difficulties of translating experiences of violation into legal and anthropological language and knowledge.
Materials Libraries as Vehicles for Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Wilkes Sarah Elizabeth
Published: April 2020

As part of a wider picture of increased funding for interdisciplinary art-science projects, a number of institutions and instruments have arisen in the UK over the last 35 years which aim to facilitate the transfer of knowledge about materials between materials producers and users. In this paper I focus on the development of one kind of institution in particular; the materials library. The paper examines the perceived need for the development of these institutions; resulting from a paucity of materials education in the arts, a perceived problem of communication between increasingly specialised disciplines and a rapidly increasing number of autonomous and ‘imperfectly characterised’ new materials. The moral imperative behind materials libraries is also discussed. There is a common belief that the ‘correct’ or ‘incorrect’ use of materials can have positive or detrimental effects on society, and materials libraries are seen to be a way of controlling and ‘bettering’ the development of materials. This paper also examines the different and competing modes of knowledge transfer employed in materials libraries, and suggests that we might be seeing a shift in the nature of knowledge communication from a predominantly text-based mode of learning to one that emphasises play, experimentation and performance. Finally this paper critically examines the notion that the transfer of knowledge across perceived boundaries between different kinds of knowledge is a kind of panacea for societal problems.
Ethnographies of the Opportunities and Risks of Neoliberalisation
Authors: Montoya Ainhoa
Published: April 2020

Introduction to the special issue 'Ethnographies of the Opportunities and Risks of Neoliberalisation'.
Cluster analysis in the control over the activity of insurance companies
Authors: Turgaeva A.A.
Published: April 2020

Subject. The article considers clustering of insurance companies as a type of informatization of economy for practical application by the internal control system.
Objectives. The purpose is to present clusters and give their interpretation for insurance companies in relation to internal control; identify the possibility of clustering, using the Deductor Studio platform developed by Base Group for internal control systems.
Methods. The study employs techniques of statistical research and data processing, mathematical methods, methods of grouping, and cluster analysis.
Results. Clusters are presented by several indicators of insurance companies. The study reveals heterogeneity in the results of distribution according to the rating of companies in terms of various indicators. It confirms the need to use the cluster analysis in the internal control system.
Conclusions. Cluster analysis enables the internal control system to take into account all data regardless of their amount, and avoid data sampling. It reduces the level of errors in the results of analysis and control.
A trajetória jurídica da adoção no Brasil: análise do ECA (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente) e da lei 12.010/09
Authors: Andrade Sabrina Renata , Pierini Alexandre José , Gallo Zildo
Published: April 2020

Adoção significa retirar a criança/adolescente de seu núcleo de origem e recolocá-la em uma família substituta. A temática desperta curiosidade social e científica de modo que diferentes áreas do conhecimento se dispõem a desvelá-la. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo refazer a trajetória jurídica da adoção considerando a especificidade na legislação brasileira. Como metodologia utilizou-se a revisão de literatura. Os textos selecionados de forma preferencial estão colocados entre os períodos de 2001 a 2017, tendo em vista que as mudanças ocorridas sobre o tema nesse período foram significativas para o desenvolvimento do tema. Utilizou-se as bases de dados: scielo.br e google acadêmico, além de livros que discutiam a questão da legislação da adoção no Brasil. Não obstante, foi possível concluir que, embora a adoção tenha evoluído significativamente sob o aspecto jurídico-legal nestes dois últimos séculos, o mesmo não aconteceu no tocante ao âmbito cultural, área em que o avanço foi bem mais modesto, tornando necessárias reflexões e transformações nesse aspecto.